bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Cure Kinetic Studies of a New Trifunctional Imide Oligomer
Authors: Wang Cheng Yang , Zhao Xiao Gang , Yu Xiao Hui , Liu Chang Wei , Wang Yun Liang
Published: November 2010

A novel phenylethynyl-terminated imide oligomer was prepared from a trifunctional amine and 4-phenylethynylphthalic anhydride (PEPA). The oligomer can be used to prepare the high performance resin-based composite material via resin transfer molding (RTM) due to its low melt viscosity(<2Pa.s) between 250°C and 320°C.The cured resin exhibits excellent thermal stability than PETI series as a result of the introduction of star-branched units. The thermal analysis of the curing kinetics of resin was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), with the rate of cure reaction and the degree of cure calculated in the dynamic mode and being tested under isothermal conditions. A reasonable agreement between the experimental data and the kinetic model has been obtained over the whole processing temperature range which was important for processing simulation and quality control of processing for high performance composite.
The Study of Manufacture of the New Type Coal Ash Ceramsite and Treating Landscape Waste Water with the New Type Coal Ceramsite
Authors: Shi Peng Hui , Zhu Xin Feng , Li Deng Xin
Published: November 2010

Coal ash, clay, coal powder and special type additive used to produce new type coal ash ceramsite by the sinter method. Effects of fly ash/clay/coal powder/special type additive ratio and calcinations temperature and calcinations time on compression strength and water holding capacity of the granules were studied. The best project is using a mixture of fly ash 80%, clay 10%, coal powder 5% and special type additive 5% produced by 30 min of sintering at 1150 . The results of landscape tiny pollute wastewater experiments show the wipe off rates of COD, NH3-N and P are above 80%, 60% and 70% separately.
The Structure of PU/PNIPAAm Semi-IPN Prepared by Wet Phase Inversion Process
Authors: Xue Yuan , Lv Hai Ning
Published: November 2010

N-isopropylacrylamide(NIPAAm) was dispersed in polyurethane(PU) solution and crosslinked with N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide(BIS) to form a semi-interpenetrating polymer networks. The synthesized solution was casted into water bathes with and without 0.25M sodium chloride to get a microporous film by wet phase inversion process. The ratios of BIS amount to N-isopropylacrylamide were varied. The structure and properties of polyurethane/ poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PU/PNIPAAm) composite film were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The swelling behavior of PU/PNIPPAm composite films was evaluated. The results showed that the addition of sodium chloride lower the LCST of PNIPAAm and the PU/PNIPAAm composite films exhibit temperature sensitivity under swollen conditions.
Calculation Methods on Crack Resistance Capacity of SRUHSC Column to SRC Beam Joint Subjected to Reversal Cycle Load
Authors: Zhang Ju , Yan Chang Wang , Jia Jin Qing
Published: November 2010

In the joint core regions of steel reinforced ultra high strength concrete frame, the forces are complicated. In seismic area or under some exceptional conditions, it is difficult to repair for joint when cracks occur, so crack resistance performance is important. Based on the experiment of steel reinforced ultra high strength concrete (SRUHSC) column to steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beam joint subjected to reversal cycle load, the crack resistance capacity is studied and applied calculation method for crack resistance capacity is proposed. Compared with the test results, the calculated results are in good agreement with them.
Thermal Decomposition Kinetic and Electrochemical Properties of KZn2(PO4)(HPO4)
Authors: Chen Dong Lian , Ma Shao Mei , Yu Hui Cheng , Yuan Ai Qun , Liao An Ping , Wu Jian
Published: November 2010

Thermal decomposition kinetic reaction parameters of KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) was investigated by non-isothermal measurement used in a multivariate non-linear regression analysis. The anticorrosive performance of the phosphate extracts in different pH 3.5% NaCl was studied by polarization and open circuit potential measurements. Kinetics analysis shows that the decomposition of KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) acts as a double-step reaction of : a n order autocatalytic reaction (Cn) with n =1.0791, E1 = 365.06 kJ/ mol, A1 =8.69×1022s−1 is followed by a expended Prout-Tompkins reaction (Bna) with n=2.6548, E2 = 390.91 kJ /mol, A2 = 5.37×1024 s−1. In different pH 3.5% NaCl extracts, KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) functions as a cathodic inhibitor on steel and is even superior to other phosphates in efficiency. The inhibiting efficiency of the pigments on steel decrease in the order: KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) > aluminum zinc phosphate > zinc phosphate ≧ aluminum triphosphate
Experiment Study on Formula and Field of the Dust Suppressant for the Open Mine Road
Authors: Du Cui Feng , Du Jian Hua , Li Hong Shuang
Published: November 2010

Formula and field experiments of road dust suppressant were conducted. The optimal formula of dust suppressant was developed through orthogonal experiment .The moisture content in dust sample sprayed with the dust suppressant was 13.4% after it was left untouched indoor for 21 days. Field experiment was conducted in a big open mine during spring. On the road sprayed with the dust suppressant , the moment dust raising concentration behind the driving truck on the tenth day was 4.9mg/m3 ，lower than post dust concentration required in the national health standard, this shows that the dust suppressant is effective to control road dust raising for 10 days .
Research on the Calculation Method of Vertical Seismic Capacity of the Multi-Ribbed Composite Slab
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yao Qian Feng , Zhang Yin , Huang Wei , Li Dong Bo
Published: November 2010

On the basis of experimental study on 5 standard slabs’ vertical bearing capacity, the paper makes an in-depth analysis on the ratio of axial compression stress to strength, the ratio of height to thickness and the influence of embedded block on the axial bearing capacity of the slabs. By establishing finite element model of the slab, the paper analysis the influence factors by means of numerical simulation and establishing the theoretical calculation formula of the slab. Compared with the experimental results, it is showed that the accuracy of the theoretical calculation formula can meet the practical requirements, which provides theoretical calculation basis for engineering practice.
Heat Transfer Characteristics in Exhaust Port for Hydrogen Fueled Port Injection Engine: A Transient Approach
Authors: Rahman Md. Mustafizur , Hamada Khalaf I. , Noor M.M. , Kadirgama K. , Bakar Rosli A. , Rahim M.F.A.
Published: November 2010

This paper was investigated the transient heat transfer characteristics in exhaust port for hydrogen fueled port injection internal combustion engine (H2ICE). One dimensional gas dynamics was described the flow and heat transfer in the components of the engine model. The engine model is simulated with variable engine speed and air fuel ratio (AFR). Engine speed varied from 2000 rpm to 5000 rpm with increment equal to 1000 rpm and AFR was varies from stoichiometric to lean limit. The effects of AFR and engine speed on heat transfer characteristics for the exhaust port are also investigated. The baseline engine model is verified with previous published results. The obtained results clarify that transient heat transfer process inside exhaust port for port injection H2ICE were affected by the engine speed and AFR. It can be seen that for obtained results clarify that for transient analysis, the fluctuation with very small amplitudes for heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer rate during the compression, intake and part of power stroke. The rapid change for both of them occurs during the exhaust and part of power stroke due to the exhaust valve is open. The obtained results from the simulation can be employed to examine the emission production and engine performance.
Design and Implementation of Electric Vehicle Power Lithium Battery Protection Board
Authors: Huang Ju Hua , Cao Ming , Guo Hang
Published: November 2010

The performance of power lithium batteries directly affects the performance of electric vehicles. To ensure the safety of power lithium batteries and improve battery life, this paper uses Ricoh R5408 Series Li-ion battery protection IC to design the high-current protection board for electric vehicle, to achieve the power lithium battery group overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, over current, short circuit protection, temperature protection and charge balance protection, and has run on the pure electric vehicles with good test results.
Fluorescence Enhanced Quantum Dots: Its Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Ecotoxicity Research
Authors: Xu Shi Chao , Miao Heng , Yang Yue Qian , Yang Juan , Zhang Ji Mei , Dai Zhao , Zheng Guo , Sun Bo , Sun Shu Qing , Liang Chu , Luo Hao
Published: November 2010

Quantum dots (QDs) are normally based on the semiconductor materials and widely used in biosensing, bioimaging, biolabeling, and biotreatment for their excellent properties. The ecotoxicity research of QDs correspondingly kept in rising in recent years. CdTe and CdTe/ZnS QDs were prepared via an improved process in aqueous phase, morphology of QDs was characterized with transmission electron microscopy, and optical properties were investigated via fluorescence spectrum. Ecotoxicity of CdTe and CdTe/ZnS were assayed by measuring the inhibitory growth of Rhodococcus sp. strain C1 when QDs existed in broth culture, which was screened from sewage, and its morphology was characterized with optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. CdTe QDs showed strong inhibitory effect against growth of Rhodococcus sp. strain C1, and little growth was observed after 72h cultivation. CdTe/ZnS QDs showed prophasic inhibition before 36h, and growth recovery was observed after 48h of cultivation. Enhanced optical properties and decreasing ecotoxicity were validated after ZnS shell formation, these results indicated that CdTe/ZnS QDs with core-shell structure has great potential in bio-applications.
Effects of Ultra-Fine Limestone Powder on Workability and Strength of High Strength Concrete
Authors: Song Shao Min , Liu Juan Hong , Wang Lin
Published: November 2010

With the increasing demand for high strength concrete, more attention has been paid to the problem of high viscosity mixture in high strength concrete technology by academic and engineering circles. This project studied the effects of ultra-fine limestone powder on the workability and viscosity of fresh concrete using the ultra-fine limestone powder (LP) obtained by ultra-fine grinding of limestone powder, building sandstone processing waste, as fine mineral admixture of high strength concrete. The experimental results show that the viscosity of fresh high strength concrete with ultra-fine limestone powder decreases significantly. At the same time, the influence of ultra-fine limestone powder on the strength of the concrete at different ages is very little.
Effect of Temperature on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Oxide Scale on Hot Rolled Strip
Authors: Zhou Xian Liang , Zhu Min , Hua Xiao Zhen , Ye Zhi Guo , Chen Qing Jun
Published: November 2010

Various structure scales at the surface of SS400 hot rolled strip were fabricated by heat treatment processes involving different temperatures. A simulation about the effect of various temperatures on the oxide scale structure during the coiling process was carried out. The structure and corrosion behavior of different oxide scales formed at the surface of hot rolled strip were investigated in sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3) solution by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The scale prepared at 550 °C is mainly composed of one layer of Fe3O4 phase. The scales prepared at 600 °C and 700 °C consist of the outer thin Fe2O3 layer and the inner (Fe3O4+Fe particles) layer. The scale prepared at 650 °C is mainly composed of Fe3O4 phase as well as a spot of Fe2O3 phase. The thickness of scale prepared at 650°C is observed to be more homogeneous than that of other scales and the bonding between the scale and substrate is found to be very strong. The experimental results clearly reveal that the hot rolled strip with scale prepared at 650 °C exhibits the most excellent corrosion resisting property in 0.01 mol/L NaHSO3 solution.
Crack Healing Behavior of 12%Cr Ultra-Super-Critical Rotor Steel
Authors: Li Yan , Han Jing Tao , Zhang Yong Jun
Published: November 2010

A drilling and compression method was designed to produce samples with artifical inner crack. According to the morphology, two types of crack were defined. After heating and holding at different temperatures, the crack healing results were observed under SEM. The starting temperature of crack healing is between 900°C and 950°C. Pseudo-equilibrium phase diagram of 12%Cr was calculated by the Thermo-Calc software to investigate the influence of transformation on the crack healing. It is found that the diffusive transformation has a positive influence on the crack healing behavior. Through experimental results and analysis, we conclude that crack healing is a physical process in association with diffusion, nucleation and grain growth. Any factor which can accelerate diffusion, nucleation and grain growth rate is favorable for the crack healing.
Characterization of (Al2O3)p/Al Composites In Situ Synthesized by Direct Melt Reaction Method
Authors: Wang Hong Ming , Zhao Yu Tao , Li Gui Rong , Zhang Zhao
Published: November 2010

. (Al2O3)p/Al composites were in situ synthesized from Al-CeO2 system. The reinforcement phases, morphologies of particles and interfaces between particles and matrix were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM and SAED. The in situ generated Al2O3 particles have various irregular shapes and disperse uniformly in matrix. The sizes of Al2O3 particles are normally less than 200nm. The interfaces between particles and matrix are clean. Moreover, there are large numbers of high density dislocations and the generated extensive micro-nano subgrains around Al2O3 particles. These novel characterizations contribute to the significant improvement of composites properties.
Characterization and Thermal Behaviour of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystals
Authors: Han Xian Gen , Wei Xian Yong , Wang Xing Yong , Shanks Robert A.
Published: November 2010

The thermal behaviour of polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC), blends of poly(ethylene-co-methylacrylic acid) (PEMA) with 4-(n-hydroxypropoylxy)-4'-cyanobiphenyl (H3CB) prepared by solvent-induced phase separation (SIPS) method, has been characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized light microscopy (POM). Study shows that the concentration of the mixture of PEMA/ H3CB must be least 30%, which will exhibit nematic to isotropic transition phase during heating or cooling. Above 30 wt % 3CB the mixtures exhibited nematic phase, and this was detected as a splitting of the nematic-isotropic peak in the DSC thermograms. The clearing temperature of the PEMA/H3CB mixtures was higher than that of pure H3CB’s, the average increasing being 14°C, which is the evident that the polymer matrix could stable the nematic phase. This behaviour is in contrast with other reports about polymer-dispersed liquid crystals. In addition, thermal decomposition was also studied by thermogravimetry in nitrogen environments. A double-stage decomposition process was found in nitrogen atmosphere, and this was mainly due to H3CB for the first step and the PEMA decomposition for the second step.
Effects of Ultra-Fine Limestone Powder (LP) and Fly Ash Complex Adding on the Workability and Strength of Concrete
Authors: Wang Lin , Song Shao Min , Yang Liu
Published: November 2010

Limestone powder is a readily available and inexpensive material. As an admixture, limestone powder partially replacing fly ash or slag which gets serious to supply today has great significance in the aspects of solving raw materials of concrete, reducing project cost and environment protection. Effects of complex adding of ultra-fine limestone powder and fly ash on the workability and strength of concrete are studied in this paper. Experimental results show that: The fluidity of fresh concrete increases with the ratio of ultra-fine LP to fly ash increasing. The slump loss decreases with the ratio of ultra-fine LP to fly ash increasing. When the ratio of LP to fly ash increases from 5:5 to 9:1, the W/B decreases slightly and the slump of concrete almost is in the region of 210-230mm, the compressive strength of concrete remain basically unchanged. The concrete can produce lots of air bubble when the ratio of ultra-fine LP to fly ash exceeds 8:2 .When the proportion of admixtures of ultra LP and fly ash exceeds 50%, the 28 days compressive strength decreases obviously.
Boron and Phosphorus Segregation Behavior at Grain Boundary in a Ti-If Steel after Annealing
Authors: Song Xin Li , Yuan Ze Xi , Jia Juan , Li Ping He , Wang Di , Fan Li Xia
Published: November 2010

The cold roll B-added Ti-IF steel is annealed for different times at 810 oC. The microstructure development is studied by Optical Microscope（OM） and the concentration of boron and phosphorus segregation at grain boundary is measured by Auger electron spectroscopy（AES）. The result shows that the grain of the cold- rolled sample is elongated along the rolling direction and the elongated grains become into equi-axis shape after annealing 60 to 180sec. Boron and phosphorus segregated at gain boundaries. But boron’s concentration at grain boundary is higher than that of phosphorus and increase from 5at.% or so to about 10at% after annealing 150sec, Then boron’s concentration decrease slowly to 8at.% at 240sec. While phosphorus’s concentration increase to the max of 2.5at.% or so at 120sec, then its concentration decrease to 1at.% or so after annealing 240sec.
Effect of Heating Temperature of Quenching on the Properties of TiCp/Fe Composite
Authors: Fang Shi Jie , Han Qiao , Zhao Yu Qian , Zang Chun He
Published: November 2010

In-situ TiC particle reinforced iron based composite was further processed using quenching, and the effect of heating temperature of quenching for the properties of TiCp/Fe composite was investigated. The quenching phases of the composite are as same as that of the as-cast composite. Quenching can further improve wear resistance of TiCp/Fe, and the composite via quenching route is more suitable for the application of light load. When the optimum heating temperature of quenching of TiCp/Fe is equal to 780 °C, the microstructure of the steel matrix is fine martensite (M), as well as the composite has the highest hardness and wear resistance. The lower or higher heating temperatures of quenching process all result in the decrease of hardness of the steel matrix, which leads to the wear resistance being lower than the as-cast composite.
Kinematics and Trajectory Tracking Motion Plan of an Unmanned Bicycle
Authors: Liu Yan Bin , Ji Qing Hua , Sun Xiao Chao , Han Jian Hai
Published: November 2010

Kinematics and ground plane trajectory tracking motion plan of an unmanned bicycle were researched in this paper. For the unmanned bicycle controlled by a steering torque, a pedaling toque and a tilting torque, rigorous kinematics model was set up and discussed, and when the ground plane trajectories and the bicycle tilting angular trajectory were given, by use of Back-stepping design means, the steering angular velocity, the rear wheel rotation angular velocity and the other motion parameters trajectories of the unmanned bicycle were planned and discussed, the simulation results showed that the kinematics model built was accurate and rigorous, all above motion parameter plans were reasonable.
Cutting Line Design Method for Woven Composite Materials Fitting to Free Surface
Authors: Wu Jian Jun , Fu Wen Zhen
Published: November 2010

On the fitting process simulation, the dangerous area related with buckling or tearing phenomena is identified with special colors and values, then deleting, cutting line designing, refitting and spreading processes are implemented to obtain a reasonable blank shape with dart feature. Moreover, a so called expanding surface method was presented in order to realize the fitting and spreading of free surface with hole feature. The above provided methods are realized through software codes and used in some cases effectively.
Chloride Binding of Cementitious Pastes
Authors: Tan Ke Feng , Cao Qing
Published: November 2010

An experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of mineral admixtures, w/b, external chloride solution concentration, and carbonation on chloride binding capacity of cementitious paste. The test method was based on equilibrium method. Test results show that incorporating metakaolin, blastfurnace slag, steel slag, and flyash increases chloride binding capacities by 65.9%, 55.3%, 43.9%, and 26.8% respectively. Increasing external chloride concentration and w/c ratio can improve the chloride capacity of pure cement paste. Carbonation of cement paste will reduce the chloride capacity. Chloride binding do affect the durability of reinforced concrete in saline environment.
Detection of Kaiser Effect in Marbles under Brazilian Tests
Authors: Xie Qiang , Da Gama Carlos Dinis , Zhang Yong Xing
Published: November 2010

Kaiser effect was noticed while submitting marble samples to Brazilian tests. An automatic data acquisition system was applied by means of analog to digital conversion, upon recording analog signals of stress, strain and acoustic emission (AE) emitted from Portuguese marble specimens under diametrical loadings in different loading cycles. Results confirm that the Kaiser effect was pronounced and was easy to be detected under Brazilian tests with a felicity ratio varied from 0.92 to 1.09. This means it is possible to measure the pre-existing stresses in rocks under complex states of stress by means of other tests besides uniaxial compression. Results also show that cumulative AE events vs. stress curve is more suitable for Kaiser effect recognition than cumulative AE energy vs. stress curve as every event has different scales of energy.
Preparation of Low Chlorine Shellac by Catalytic Hydrogenation with Pd/C
Authors: Liao Ya Long , Chai Xi Juan , Xu Fu Chang
Published: November 2010

Pd/C catalyst was used to eliminate chlorine compacted in shellac while it was being bleached with sodium hypochlorite in alkaline solution for the preparation of shellac with low chlorine content, a natural and biological product used in large scale in food industry and pharmaceutical fields. Experiments demonstrated that the Pd/C could catalyze dechlorination process effectively, which was affected by several factors such as reaction temperature, Pd/C ratio, and the induction of Pd/C catalyst, and that the dechlorination efficiency reached 88.2% under the optimal conditions of Pd/C loading ratio of 1.0% (mass), catalyst usage 12 g/L, H2 flowing rate 50 mL/min, and reaction temperature 90 for 120 min. Moreover, the mechanism of catalytic hydrogenation was elucidated through structure characterization of the final products using elementary analysis, and ultraviolet spectrophotometer. It was shown from the result of ultraviolet spectrophotometer that the wavelength of the maximum absorption of seedlac, the raw materials for obtaining shellac, was 235 nm. However, it was blue shifted to the same scope 220~225 nm when the shellac was dechlorinated by catalytic hydrogenation with Pd/C as the shellac without catalyzed. The big difference of wavelength of the maximum absorption between shellac and seedlac was due to that there was a lot of compacted chlorine in the shellac, while the little difference of wavelength of the maximum absorption between the shellac and the low chlorine shellac was due to that chlorine could not be eliminated completely. The results of elementary analysis showed that chlorine content in the final product was only 0.30% under the optimum conditions, compared to shellac it was just 1/9 of that of the product without declorination by catalytic hydrogenation. It was shown from the mechanism analysis that the dechlorination reaction took place mainly on the active surface sites of Pd/C, and chlorine ions compacted in the shellac was substituted by hydrogen ions.
Feature Extraction of Machine Vibration Using Lifting Wavelet Denoising and EMD and its Application in Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Feng Li , Duan Shu Lin , Gao Hong Tao
Published: November 2010

In order to reduce the random noise influence on empirical mode decomposition (EMD), the original data is adaptively denoised by lifting wavelet transform to strain mode aliasing, avoid the pseudo mode functions and improve the quality in EMD. The method is employed to analyze the rotor oil whirl vibration signal. Obtaining intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), the instantaneous frequency and amplitude can be calculated by Hilbert transform. Hilbert marginal spectrum can exactly provide the energy distribution of the signal with the change of instantaneous frequency. Thus, the characteristics information of the rotor oil whirl vibration signal can be extracted effectively. Experimental result demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
Thermal Insulation Behaviors of Rinforced Concrete Composite Wall with Inner Insulating Layer
Authors: Zhao Shan , Li Feng Lan , Yang Su , Song Li Sha
Published: November 2010

The new reinforced concrete composite wall (RCCW) with inner insulating layer of polystyrene panel was developed to improve the durability of external thermal insulation plate on walls. The composite structure and construction method of the RCCW is briefly introduced in this paper. The thermal insulation behaviors such as conduct heat coefficient and total heat resistance of RCCW are tested by the protection chest method, the measured and calculated results of thermal insulation properties of the RCCW are compared with each other, the effect of heat-bridge resulted from connected concrete supports of specimen and bottom side concrete of specimen covering inner insulating layer on the test results is discussed.
On Preparation of In Situ Composite Steel with Ultra-High Strength and its Thermal Stability
Authors: Zhao Jun , Zhang Han , Wang Zhi , Zhai Hong Yan , Wen Quan Xing , Wang Min , Gao Yu Wei
Published: November 2010

A new type of in-situ composite nano-multilayer plate with ultra-high strength (b 2112 MPa), Q235 steel plate with nano-layered structure of lath martensite produced by severe cold-rolling, was developed. After cold-rolling, subsequent annealing has great effect on the deformed lath morphology and grain reﬁnement. Microstructure recrystallizing course have taken place after long time annealing at 350 °C. The recrystallization activation energy is 151 kJmol-1. Microstructure characteristics along rolling direction arrangement was decreased after annealing at 400 °C. In addition to the ultraﬁne ferrite grains, nano-carbides precipitated uniformly in the specimen annealed at 500 °C. Annealing at and above 600 °C resulted in coarse ferrite grains with spheroidized coarse carbides, causing grain growth. The average crystal size is about 4.7 m after annealing for 60 min at 600 °C.
Synthesis, Characterization and Application Polystyrene-Bound Manganese Complexes
Authors: Han Xian Gen , Wei Xian Yong , Wang Xing Yong , Shanks Robert A.
Published: November 2010

New series polymer-bounded manganese complexes were synthesized and their potential structure was investigated. Their application in the oxidation of cumene, by atmospheric pressure of molecular oxygen in the absence of solvent catalyzed by polystyrene-bound-Mn-L (where L=2,2’-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline) complexes without the use of any special oxidant or coreductant, were studied. The oxidation products 2-phenyl-2-propanol and 2-phenylpropylaldehyde were produced in 41% to 71% yield and the selectivity to total alcohol and aldehyde was 100%.
Repellent Effects of the Insecticide Based on Porous Starch and Fennel Essential Oil against Tribolium confusum
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Ge Ling Yan , Wang Jing
Published: November 2010

The insecticidal effects of the insecticide based on the mixture of porous starch and fennel essential oil was investigated. Its insecticidal activity and its mortality on adults of Tribolium confusum were evaluated. Moreover, the production methods used in the evaluation was studied. Fennel essential oil was put into the porous starch with glycerin and ethyl acrylate. Non-woven was chosen as the substrate, and ethyl acrylate as adhesives. Then the new insecticide was made. According to the fumigant toxicity and persistent of the new insecticide, the insecticidal effect of the insecticide was analyzed. Tribolium confusum mortality was dose dependant and after 4-day exposure the insecticide was more toxic than the pure fennel essential oil. There was, however, a highly significant loss of toxicity after 24 and 48 h following treated with essential oil and insecticide, respectively. The fennel essential oil evoked moderated repellent action and high fumigant toxicity (LD50 = 0.030μL/cm3) against adults of Tribolium confusum.
Pb (II)-Imprinted Chitosan/TiO2 Hybrid Film for High Selectivity of Adsorption Lead Ion in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Tao Yu Gui , Gu Hao , Xu Yan Qiu , Ye Lian Bin , Wang Qi Jin
Published: November 2010

Pb(II)-imprinted chitosan/TiO2 hybrid film (LIHF) was synthesized through a two-step process. The selectivity of LIHF was studied via competitive adsorption experiment. The LIHF shows higher selectivity to Pb (II) ion than Cu (II) and Zn (II) ions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) was used to characterize the as-obtained samples. XPS results showed that the nitrogen atom and the Pb (II) were concerned for coordination. The evidences for the imprinting process and the recognition of Pb (II) with LIHF were provided.
Thermal Stability of Cotton Cellulose Modified with Flame Retardants
Authors: Li Gui Fen
Published: November 2010

The thermal stability of cotton cellulose treated with chemical mixtures containing P and N was studied by thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, char yield and limiting-oxygen-index (LOI). Our experiments demonstrated that the temperature and activation energy of pyrolysis were lower and the values of Char yield and LOI were greater for cotton cellulose treated with flame retardant than those for untreated sample.
Influence of Metal Cations on the Structure and Release Property of Layered Double Hydroxide-Ibuprofen Host-Guest Materials
Authors: Ding Peng , Tang Sheng Fu , Li Zong Zhou
Published: November 2010

Layered double hydroxide (LDH)-ibuprofen (IBU) host-guest materials were prepared by in situ coprecipitation method for the purpose of drug controlled release. Three hosts containing different metal cations, MgAl-, ZnAl-, and MgFe-LDH, were studied. The results showed that the types of the metal cations had great influence on the structures of the host-guest materials and thus led to different drug release properities.
Influence of Aging on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wrought Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Xue Yong , Zhang Zhi Min , Lang Li Hui , Li Li
Published: November 2010

In the present paper a research has been made on the effect of aging on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80 and ZK60 wrought magnesium alloys by virtue of optical microscope, electronic scanning microscope and mechanical testers. The research indicates that both the tensile strength and elongation of AZ80 alloy first increase and then decrease as the aging temperature rises, and that, at 140°C-170°C aging temperature, the alloy has good performances in both tensile strength and elongation, they both reaching their peak values at 170°C aging temperature. It has been proved in these researches that while the hardness of ZK60 alloy first increase and then decrease as the aging temperature rises and that the hardness reaches its peak value at 170°C aging temperature, the impact of toughness of the alloy is just the opposite. ZK60 alloy has good performances in both impact toughness and other properties at 140-200°C aging temperature. Constrastive researches have shown that, at the same aging temperature, ZK60 alloy has a better performance than AZ80 alloy.
Atomic Force Microscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study on the Surface and Interface States of Liq and ITO Films
Authors: Li Jian Feng , Song Qing , Shi Wei Bing , Zhang Fu Jia
Published: November 2010

An understanding of the surface and interface states of the organic material and the underlying andoe material is meaningful for organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs). The 8-Hydroxyquinolinolatolithium (Liq) was deposited on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass by traditional vacuum evaporation.The thickness of Liq is about 120nm. The morphology, surface and interface electron states of the Liq and the underlying ITO have been investigated with the utilization of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) technology. AFM observation indicated that Liq grows in the shape of an asymmetrically-distributed island, with each island resembling a round hillock and different size. The Liq film is not very uniform and teemed with many pinholes and cracks.The analysis on XPS spectra of the surface of the Liq/ITO samples shows that, the core-levels of Li1s, C1s, N1s, O1s, In3d5/2, and Sn3d5/2, spectra slightly shift towards lower binding energy with the increase of the sputtering time, which may be caused by the effect of oxygen, indium and tin in ITO diffusing into Liq layer and the argon ions beam with energy. Coordination bond between Li atoms and N atoms does not exist in Liq, which is the main reason why Liq is the blue electroluminescent material. The C atoms mainly bond to C, N and O atoms, forming C-C, C-N=C and C-O bonds, respectively. And there is a speculation of the existence of contaminated C atoms in the surface of ITO, while the O atoms basically originate from quinolate rings and the absorption of O2 and H2O. At the interface N and O, In and Sn interact to some extent, which probably affects the emitting colour of Liq based OLEDs. The analysis of surface of In3d and Sn3d spectrum by XPS provides additional evidence of the existence of cracks and pinholes in Liq layer, leading to much absorption of air molecules.
Tribological Properties of Pb-Sn-CNTs Composite Coatings
Authors: Hu Zheng Xi , Jie Xiao Hua , Lu Guo Hui
Published: November 2010

Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/Pb-Sn composite coatings were prepared by electrodeposition technique. Friction coefficient and wear weight losses were investigated on a double rings apparatus using carbon steel (C: 0.45%) rings as counterparts under wet friction condition. Tribological characteristics were compared among the samples as carbon nanotubes concentration was changed in the bath. The results indicate that the composite coatings had smaller friction coefficient and weight loss than that of ordinary Pb-Sn coatings under the same work conditions. In addition, the wear performance of Pb-Sn-CNTs composite coating was optimized when the CNTs concentration in bath was 2 g L-1.
Magnetic Induction Effect of Amorphous Ribbon Modified by Rare-Earth
Authors: Jiang Da Guo
Published: November 2010

Prepared rare-earth La modified amorphous ribbon by doping Rare-earth La in Fe78Si9B13 amorphous alloy. Investigated rare-earth content and temperature, as well as their influence on the magnetic induction effect and it’s amplitude. The results show that, when magnetic field is less than 1356 A / m, with the increase of Rare-earth content ,the magnetic induction effect first increased and then decreased, when the magnetic field strength greater than 1356 A / m, the Rare-earth content influence little on magnetic induction effect , changing amplitude of magnetic induction effect shows first increased and then decreased with increasing Rare-earth content; temperature influence little on the magnitude of magnetic induction effect.
A Meso-Scale Simulation on the Effects of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Tensile Mechanical Behavior of Pure Titanium
Authors: Huang Wen , Huang Zhong Wei
Published: November 2010

A FEA model, based on the crystal plasticity theory, was established to study the mechanical behavior of titanium, and the microstructure evolution during deformation. Simulation on the dynamic tension of a commercially pure polycrystalline titanium at different strain rates and temperatures showed that the model can well describe the stress-strain behavior of titanium, the simulated results also revealed the contribution of different slip systems to the deformation of titanium, and the grain reorientation evolution caused by the crystallographic slipping.
Effects of SiC Particle and Holding Time on Semi-Solid Microstructure of SiCP/AZ61 Composites
Authors: Zhang Fa Yun , Ye Jian Xiong , Yan Hong
Published: November 2010

Effects of SiC particle and holding time on microstructure evolution of SiCP/AZ61 composites during semi-solid isothermal heat treatment method were studied, and evolution mechanism of semi-solid microstructure of composites was discussed. The results indicated that the process of microstructure evolution of SiCP/AZ61 composites by the isothermal holding at the temperatures of 595°C for different times (0min~90min) experienced in succession the rapid merging of the secondary dendritic arms →large massive structure→melting and separating of the local grain boundary →spheroidization of the gains →slowing growth of globular microstructure. Synthetically, after isothermal holding at 595°C for 30min to 60min the favorable semi-solid microstructure can be obtained; Compared with the monolithic AZ61alloy, microstructure of SiCP/AZ61 composites during semi-solid isothermal heat-treatment was finer as a result of entering of Sic particle, and with the increasing of SiC particle volume fraction, globular gain size was smaller.
Electrokinetic Phenomena of Sulfonated-Polyethersulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane Modified by TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Luo Ming Liang , Liu Jia Lin , Liu Hong Jian , Jia Zi Long
Published: November 2010

The sulfonated-polyethersulfone (SPES)/nano-TiO2 composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared by phase inversion method with nano-TiO2 as additive. The TiO2 self-assembly on the SPES membrane was confirmed by FT-IR and the isoelectric point’s analysis (IEPs). The electrokinetic phenomena of composite membrane in the different single electrolyte solution were investigated by the streaming potential method. The results showed that the IEP of the SPES-UF membrane modified by nano-TiO2 shifts from 3.5 to 2.9, and the composite membrane shows a stronger electronegativity, which indicates the antifouling performance improvement of the SPES-UF membrane modified by nano-TiO2. The valences of the cations and anions have an important influence on the streaming potential of the composite UF membrane.
The Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment on the Micromorphology of Aluminum Sulfate Hydrolysis Product
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhong Li Jun
Published: November 2010

The sphere aluminum hydroxide sulfate and hollow sphere boehmite were synthesized by using urea as precipitator with Al2(SO4)3•18H2O as precursor via a hydrothermal method. The effects of hydrothermal temperature on micromorphology were studied. Results showed that sphere aluminum hydroxide sulfate could obtain on lower temperature. As the hydrothermal temperature increased, sphere aluminum hydroxide sulfate begin to dissolve in situ and recrystallize. In the end, hollow sphere boehmite assembled by flake was formed.
Preparation, Characterization, and Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Activity of Spherical α-Fe2O3/Ag Core/Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Chun Rong , Zhou Zhu Fa , Li Yan Jie , Tian Ran Ran , Dai Xiao Chun
Published: November 2010

Spherical α-Fe2O3/Ag core/shell nanoparticles were prepared by reducing Ag(NH3)2+ with formaldehyde using the seeding method. 3- Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) acts as a “bridge” to link between α-Fe2O3 core and Ag shell. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, EDS, and Roman. The results show thatα-Fe2O3 cores are coated by Ag shell completely. The average size of α-Fe2O3/Ag nanoparticles is 95 nm and the thicknesses of Ag shell are 15nm in 3.7% HCHO and 1.0M AgNO3. The thickness of Ag shell can be tunable by changing reaction conditions, such as the concentration of AgNO3, reduction reaction rate. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of the core/shell particles are measured with Pyridine (Py) as molecule probe. SERS indicate that the Raman signals of Py adsorbed on α-Fe2O3/Ag nanoparticles exhibit large enhancement at 1010 and 1038 cm-1 respectively. And the intensity of signals is enhanced with the increase of the thickness of Ag shell. The uniform and rough surface of α-Fe2O3/Ag particles exhibits strong SERS activity in 3.7% HCHO and 1.0M AgNO3. The spherical α-Fe2O3/Ag core/shell nanoparticles exhibit SERS activity.
Preparation and Research of Tussah Silk Fibroin/Hydroxyapatite Composites
Authors: Zhang Wei , He Jian Xin , Cui Shi Zhong
Published: November 2010

Tussah silk fibroin (TSF)/hydroxyapatite (HAP) composites were prepared using the co-precipitation method. The results indicate that pure HAP presents needle-like structure with a length of 120-160 nm and a width of 30-40 nm. TSF/HAP composite prepared by adding 8% TSF exhibits a spherical structure, while with the increase of TSF content, the morphology of the composites changed from spherical to short rod, and the length of composite increases from 78 to 146 nm, but the width keep stability. FTIR spectra show the absorption peaks of TSF/HAP composite attributed to the amide and PO43- shift with the addition of TSF, indicating the existence of interaction between HAP and TSF molecules. TSF/HAP composites show a weak crystalline structure, being similar to nano-HAP existed in human bone tissue, thus suggesting that TSF molecules affect the crystallinity of HAP. TG analysis shows that TSF/HAP composite prepared by adding 17.6% TSF contains 11% TSF.
Study on the Precipitated Behavior and Stability of the Strengthening Phase Al12(Fe,X)3Si in Al-Fe-Si-X Alloys with the EET Theory
Authors: Qu Hua , Liu Wei Dong , Zhou Gang , Shen Xiao Lu , Liu Chuang
Published: November 2010

According to the empirical electron theory of solid and molecule, the effects of alloying elements on the valence electron structure, precipitated behavior and stability of Al12Fe3Si were studied in this paper. The calculation results show that the adding of V, Cr, W, Mo and Mn change the valence electron structure of Al12Fe3Si, and make its number of atom state group N increased by 2 orders of magnitude, so it make the stability of the alloy increased and then delay the coarsening speed; the adding of alloying element makes the total ability of forming bond F reduced and accelerates the precipitated of Al12Fe3Si and make it refined; the order for the adding of the alloying elements V, Cr, W, Mo and Mn of the effects on stability of Al12Fe3Si is Cr(Mn)→W(Mo)→V, and that of accelerating the dispersion precipitated of Al12Fe3Si is Cr→V→Mo→W→Mn; when practicing to design Al-Fe-Si-X alloy, we can obtain it through controlling the ratio of Fe/X to refine the particles of Al12(Fe,X)3Si, therefore, its stability can be improved and its coarsening can be delayed.
An Improved Method for the Synthesis of SAPO-41
Authors: Liang Jun , Wang Fu Ping
Published: November 2010

A medium molecular sieve SAPO-41 was synthesized by gradual heating of the synthesis gel to obtain highly crystalline material within 36 h. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, MAS NMR and NH3-TPD. The samples synthesized by gradual heating method can be introduced more silicon, and have more mid and strong acid sites than the conventional ones. The particles of the samples synthesized by this method were more uniform in size and morphology than the ones synthesized conventionally.
Characterization of ZnO Nano-Coatings on Fibreboard
Authors: Chang Ho , Chen Tien Li , Cho Kung Ching , Peng He Jun
Published: November 2010

Different concentration of self-made ZnO nanoparticles were mixed with waterborne woodenware coatings to determine characteristics of the coatings applied to wooden samples. The particle sizes for ZnO nanoparticles were 20 nm respectively. Concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 wt-% of ZnO nanoparticles were individually mixed into the aqueous polyurethane AE-418 and into aqueous acrylic resin WP-1715. These coatings were applied with a wire-wound rod. The differences of the coatings with and without nanoparticles are compared. Results reveal that the light reflectance value of the coating was increased by 12.4 %, is the highest. The hardness of the coating increased gradually with the increase in the ZnO content. When ZnO nanoparticles were mixed into the aqueous polyurethane, AE-418, with an increase of four grades, is the highest. The adhesion of the coating increased gradually with the increase in the ZnO content.
Technique Based on an Innovative Design of CNC Turning Center
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Tao
Published: November 2010

Numerical control technology is a core of an advanced manufacturing technology, it is the manufacturing industry that realizes the automation, networking, flexibility, integrated foundation. The integral level of the numerical control equipment marks a national industry’s modernized level and power of the overall nation strength. The core of creative product is product conceptual design, creativity is an important characteristics of product conceptual design. The basic principle of TRIZ theories is the foundation of this research. In order to meeting the demand of product design, this research created some applicable tools for product design. As the final research achievement, these applicable tools can be used in the field of numerical control technology.
Multiferroic Bismuth Ferrite Nanoparticles: Rapid Sintering Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties
Authors: Wang Xiong , Lin Yin , Jiang Jin Guo
Published: November 2010

The homogeneous multiferroic BiFeO3 nanoparticles with average particle size of 85 nm have been successfully synthesized by a simple sol-gel route. The prepared sample was characterized by a variety of techniques, such as X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimeter analysis, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained results shows that rapid sintering and subsequently quenching to room temperature are the two vital important factors for the preparation of pure BiFeO3. The magnetic phase transition (TN = 369 °C) and the ferroelectric phase transition (TC = 824.5 °C) were determined, revealing the antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric nature of the as-prepared BiFeO3 nanoparticles. The optical properties of the nanopowders were investigated. The strong band-gap absorption at 486 nm (2.55 eV) of the BiFeO3 nanoparticles may bring some novel applications.
Preparation and Characterization of Marble/Unsaturated Polyester Resin Composite Materials
Authors: Wang Jian Guo , Wu Lin , Zhou Jin Xia , Qi Xiao Yan , Yi De Lian
Published: November 2010

A grey-white marble/UP composite material was prepared by using marble powder as the filler and Unsaturated polyester (UP) resin as the polymer matrix. Optimum amount of marble powder added into 100 g UP resin was 200g. The gel time and the curing time were 10.5min and 34min respectively, the peak temperature reaches 71.44°C, and heat-resistance temperature was enhanced by 81°C. Marble/UP composite material is smooth, equally distributed, and no aggregation of particles of marble powder.