bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Red blood cells participate in reverse cholesterol transport by mediating cholesterol efflux of high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A-I from THP-1 macrophages
Authors: Lai Shao-Jui , Ohkawa Ryunosuke , Horiuchi Yuna , Kubota Tetsuo , Tozuka Minoru
Published: June 2019

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a main role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), one of the most important functions for preventing atherosclerosis. Recent reports have shown that red blood cells (RBCs) can be associated with RCT, an interaction facilitated by albumin. However, the RCT function of RBCs has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, the RCT function of RBCs was assessed using cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) assays, in which [3H]-labeled cholesterol-loaded human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) macrophages were incubated with RBCs as a cholesterol acceptor in the presence or absence of HDL or its main component protein apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). The CEC of RBCs was found to be dose dependent, enabling uptake of cholesterol from THP-1 macrophages through apoA-I and HDL, and directly from apoA-I and HDL in medium without the presence THP-1 macrophages. Moreover, RBCs could exchange cholesterol with HDL in a bidirectional manner but could only exchange cholesterol with apoA-I in a single direction. Although albumin promoted the movement of cholesterol, synergistic effects were not observed for both apoA-I and HDL, in contrast to previous findings. These results strongly suggested that RBCs may play important roles in RCT by mediating cholesterol efflux as temporary cholesterol storage.
Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Bloodstream Infections-Isolated Bacteria From a University Tertiary Hospital Patients
Authors: Hasani Alka , Asadi Faezi Nasim , Ahangarzadeh Rezaee Mohammad , Sheykhsaran Elham , Darabi Narges , Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo Hamed
Published: June 2019

Background: Bloodstream infections are considered a significant medical concern associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, physicians should be guided to use antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in order to select appropriate empiric antimicrobial agents to treat the patients who suffer from bacteremia. Objective: The present study aimed to determine antimicrobial resistance and susceptibility patterns in isolates collected from bloodstream infections. Materials and Methods: To achieve this, a total of 710 bacterial blood culture isolates were collected from Sina hospital, and then susceptibility patterns to a number of antibiotics were analyzed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Results: The identified isolates included Staphylococcus aureus 14 (20.6%), Escherichia coli 14 (20.6%), Acinetobacter baumannii 12 (17.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 11 (16.2%), Coagulasenegative Staphylococcus 8 (11.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 6 (8.8%), and Enterobacter spp. 3 (4.4%). The total resistance rate to co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ofloxacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, amikacin, and imipenem was 44 (64.7%), 42 (61.8%), 39 (57.4%), 38 (55.9%), 35 (51.51%), 32 (47.1%), 31 (45.6%), 25 (36.8%), and 27 (39.7%), respectively. Finally, the susceptibility rate to amikacin and imipenem was 43 (63.2%) and 41 (60.3%), respectively. Conclusion: In general, A. baumannii strains isolated from blood cultures were resistant to most antibiotics and the greatest sensitivity was observed to gentamicin (58.3%) compared to other antibiotics. Therefore, gentamicin was found as the most effective antibiotic for treating bloodstream infections caused by A. baumannii.
Molecular Survey of Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella spp. Isolated From Poultry Products in Karaj, Iran
Authors: Forouhar Mitra , Harzandi Naser
Published: June 2019

Background: Non-typhoidal salmonellae and serovars of Escherichia coli, Listeria, Shigella, and Campylobacter are among the most important food-borne bacterial agents. Objective: The aim of the present study was molecular detection of quinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry products in Karaj, Iran, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and Methods: Ninety samples of poultry products were collected from different brands and markets during September-December 2017. All samples were enriched in nutrient broth and Selenite F broth, and salmonellae were isolated by xylose lysine deoxycholate agar. The presence of specific genes of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS was investigated employing PCR technique and subsequently, specific primers. Results: None of the 30 egg yolk samples had bacterial growth in the culture medium. In total, 29 (48.33%) out of 60 raw chicken meat samples were determined to be contaminated with Salmonella using culture-based methods (i.e., 7 (35%) out of 20 drumstick, 15 (62.5%) out of 24 breast, and 7 (43.75%) out of 16 liver samples). In addition, the frequency of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes in the samples was 10.34%, 68.96%, and 86.20%, respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high frequency of Salmonella contamination and qnr genes in the contaminated samples.
Settlement and the productive economy in southern Italy
Authors: Smith Christopher
Published: June 2019

The organising entity is the Fondazione Paestum, which has a focus on comparative studies of colonial activity in the Mediterranean. The conference was just one of a series of extraordinary events and refurbishments that have taken place at Paestum recently; a second conference has just been published and a third is in preparation. The conferences are aligned with another major event at Paestum, and one of Italy's most important cultural tourism events, the Borsa Mediterranea del Turismo Archeologico (an international trade show for the travel and tourism industry). Paestum, a colony itself both in the sense of a Greek foundation, and then a Roman resettlement, is well suited therefore to host discussions that touch on mobility, hybridity and the interpenetration of culture as visible in the material record.
Microstructure Evolution of Saturated Clay Under Cyclic Shearing
Authors: Lin Peng , Ye Guanbao , Garg Ankit
Published: June 2019

Changes in soil microstructure are important for understanding the macro-behavior of soil. Studies in the past have mainly focused on analysing variations under isotropic and one-dimensional consolidation. The present study aims to investigate the microstructure evolution of saturated clay under cyclic shearing. Cyclic triaxial tests are carried out under different magnitudes of effective confining pressure, cyclic deviator stress, and overconsolidation ratio (OCR). The soil microstructure is determined through the scanning electron microscope and mercury intrusion porosimetry tests. It is observed that there is a threshold cyclic deviator stress, above which the soil specimens show significant plastic strain and eventually fail. The threshold value is found to increase almost linearly with the increase of effective confining pressure and OCR. On the other hand, when the cyclic deviator stress is higher than the threshold value, some large pores appear even though the total pore volume is kept constant (undrained condition under cyclic loads). With the appearance of some larger pores, the soil skeleton becomes weaker and eventually fails.
Experimental Investigation of Obliquely Incident Blast Wave Effect on Deflection of Running Cracks
Authors: Yang Renshu , Chen Cheng , Xu Peng , Ding Chenxi , Zhang Zhaoran
Published: June 2019

Dynamic caustics in conjunction with high-speed photography were used in experiments to investigate the interaction of obliquely incident blast stress waves with running cracks. The dynamic photoelastic experiment method was used to supplement and improve the effects of different blast stress wave properties on the running crack. This indicated that the crack-tip mode II stress field affected the crack deflection direction. When the moving crack-tip mode II stress intensity factor KII was positive, the crack deflected clockwise. When the stress intensity factor KII was negative, the crack deflected in the counterclockwise direction. The incident direction of the blast stress wave affected the deflection of the crack. When the direction of the blast stress wave was the same as the direction of the moving crack propagation, the moving crack deflected away from the blast wave source. When the blast stress wave propagation direction was opposite to the crack propagation direction, the crack deflected toward the blast wave source. During the interaction of an obliquely incident blast stress wave with a moving crack, the P wave caused the deflection of the crack. The tails of the P wave and S wave interacted with the kinked crack to increase the mode I stress intensity factor KI and the crack propagation velocity.
Open Chromatin Profiling in Adipose Tissue Marks Genomic Regions with Functional Roles in Cardiometabolic Traits
Authors: Cannon Maren E , Currin Kevin W , Young Kristin L , Perrin Hannah J , Vadlamudi Swarooparani , Safi Alexias , Song Lingyun , Wu Ying , Wabitsch Martin , Laakso Markku , Crawford Gregory E , Mohlke Karen L
Published: June 2019

Identifying the regulatory mechanisms of genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci affecting adipose tissue has been restricted due to limited characterization of adipose transcriptional regulatory elements. We profiled chromatin accessibility in three frozen human subcutaneous adipose tissue needle biopsies and preadipocytes and adipocytes from the Simpson Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) cell strain using an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin (ATAC-seq). We identified 68,571 representative accessible chromatin regions (peaks) across adipose tissue samples (FDR < 5%). GWAS loci for eight cardiometabolic traits were enriched in these peaks (P < 0.005), with the strongest enrichment for waist-hip ratio. Of 110 recently described cardiometabolic GWAS loci colocalized with adipose tissue eQTLs, 59 loci had one or more variants overlapping an adipose tissue peak. Annotated variants at the SNX10 waist-hip ratio locus and the ATP2A1-SH2B1 body mass index locus showed allelic differences in regulatory assays. These adipose tissue accessible chromatin regions elucidate genetic variants that may alter adipose tissue function to impact cardiometabolic traits.
Mos1 Element-Mediated CRISPR Integration of Transgenes in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Philip Nicholas S , Escobedo Fernando , Bahr Laura L , Berry Brandon J , Wojtovich Andrew P
Published: June 2019

The introduction of exogenous genes in single-copy at precise genomic locations is a powerful tool that has been widely used in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we have streamlined the process by creating a rapid, cloning-free method of single-copy transgene insertion we call Mos1 element-mediated CRISPR integration (mmCRISPi). The protocol combines the impact of Mos1 mediated single-copy gene insertion (mosSCI) with the ease of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing, allowing in vivo construction of transgenes from linear DNA fragments integrated at defined loci in the C. elegans genome. This approach was validated by defining its efficiency at different integration sites in the genome and by testing transgene insert size. The mmCRISPi method benefits from in vivo recombination of overlapping PCR fragments, allowing researchers to mix-and-match between promoters, protein-coding sequences, and 3′ untranslated regions, all inserted in a single step at a defined Mos1 loci.
Qualitative Factors of the Materiality
Authors: Raziūnienė Daiva , Verbickaitė Gintarė
Published: June 2019

In the audit evidence gathering process, the auditor uses a set of assumptions about audit risk factors and determines the level of material error and misstatement. In practice, questions arise as to how the auditor should avoid making mistakes in shaping its approach to the information that is relevant to users of financial statements. The aim of the study is to reveal the basic regulation of qualitative materiality factors. Tasks of the research are to analyze the regulatory provisions of international auditing standards, to identify issues regarding the assessment of qualitative factors of materiality and its influence on decision making process of the auditors. Methods of literature analysis, systematization, abstracting and grouping analysis are used in the article. The analysis of scientific and professional literature has shown that qualitative parameters of significance are not precisely defined in the regulatory provisions, therefore, the auditors are left with a wide range of qualitative materiality factors. These factors can fundamentally change the auditor's decision-making process choosing relevant audit procedures. The auditor must evaluate the qualitative data and information comprehensively and be able to identify qualitative factors of materiality.

JEL klasifikacija: M42
Exposición a inundaciones en Moravia, San José, Costa Rica
Authors: Fernández Arce Mario , Méndez Ocampo Ileana , Muñoz Jiménez Rudy
Published: June 2019

Se inspeccionaron los valles de los ríos de Moravia para identificar y cartografiar los asentamientos irregulares así como las zonas inundables. Esto se hizo porque algunas áreas protegidas de los ríos, tanto en zonas rurales como urbanas, están siendo invadidas por el ser humano y la mayoría de las veces, los asentamientos resultantes de la invasión se convierten en sitios de alto riesgo para la vida. Al identificar tales lugares se pretende crear las bases para iniciar la gestión de los riesgos en los sitios donde la población está expuesta a los peligros. El estudio requirió investigación bibliográfica, trabajo de campo y análisis de fotografías. Las principales conclusiones son: 1 - Hay 9 casos, identificados en este trabajo, de invasión a valles de ríos y quebradas en el cantón, la mayoría de ellos están ubicados a lo largo del río Ipís. 2 - El ser humano tiende a generar riesgos que no quiere al no aplicar la normativa existente para prevenir desastres. 3 - En oposición al patrón conocido, gente de clase media  está viviendo en zonas de alto riesgo.
Experiencias institucionales y agencias de jóvenes de sectores populares en Buenos Aires
Authors: Di Leo Pablo Francisco
Published: June 2019

Este artículo presenta resultados de una investigación social financiada cuyo objetivo principal es analizar las experiencias y agencias de personas jóvenes de sectores populares en instituciones que propician el acceso y ejercicio de derechos en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina. Para la construcción de datos se desarrolló una estrategia metodológica cualitativa, mediante entrevistas en profundidad y narrativas biográficas con catorce jóvenes en cinco instituciones. En este trabajo se presentan tres categorías emergentes del análisis de los relatos juveniles, denominadas narrativas del yo: descubrimiento, (re)orientación moral, transformación colectiva. En torno a estas narrativas se aborda en términos teóricos el problema de las agencias y las construcciones identitarias juveniles, utilizando herramientas conceptuales de las sociologías de la experiencia (Dubet 2013), del individuo (Araujo y Martuccelli 2012) y la teoría social contemporánea (Ema López 2004; Mahmood 2006; Taylor 2006; Butler 2012; Heller 2017). Como concluye el artículo, estas instituciones suministran a las y los jóvenes diversos soportes que les abren oportunidades para resignificar y ejercen sus derechos en territorios socialmente vulnerabilizados. Construyen así formas de agencia y de ejercicio de la ciudadanía que no responden a definiciones teóricas o legales abstractas, sino que se anclan en sus experiencias, maneras cotidianas de convivir y proyectar con otras personas.
Abdominal aortic aneurysms that have ruptured or are at imminent risk of rupture
Authors: Corrêa Ingrid Braga , Alves Bruna Leal Torres , Oliveira Sobrinho Tarcísio Angelo de , Ramos Laura Filgueiras Mourão , Diniz Renata Lopes Furletti Caldeira , Ribeiro Marcelo Almeida
Published: June 2019

Abstract The rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is considered a high-risk surgical emergency, given the catastrophic consequences and high mortality rate. The objective of this pictorial essay is to illustrate the radiological signs that indicate rupture or imminent rupture. To that end, we describe cases treated at our facility and present a brief review of the literature on the topic. The clinical diagnosis of imminent AAA rupture can be difficult, because patients are usually asymptomatic or have nonspecific pain complaints. In the subsequent follow-up, it is possible to identify radiological signs that indicate instability or rupture itself and thus change the prognosis. Computed tomography is the modality of choice for evaluating an AAA and abdominal pain in the emergency setting. It is therefore essential that the radiologist immediately identify the imaging findings that indicate AAA rupture or the imminent risk of such rupture.
Evaluation of the ischiofemoral space: a case-control study
Authors: Barros Antônio Augusto Guimarães , Santos Fernanda Bretz Gomes dos , Vassalo Carlos César , Costa Lincoln Paiva , Couto Sérgio Gonçalves Pereira , Soares Ana Rita da Glória
Published: June 2019

Abstract Objective: To determine the size of the ischiofemoral space (IFS) and quadratus femoris space (QFS) in patients with and without ischiofemoral impingement (IFI). Materials and Methods: Case-control study including consecutive patients submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the hip joint during a three-month period. Patients with deep gluteal pain who tested positive for IFI on at least one clinical test and showed signal changes in the quadratus femoris muscle on MRI were categorized as having a confirmed diagnosis of IFI. Results: Final sample comprised 50 patients submitted to unilateral MRI of the hip joint. The mean age was 47.3 ± 14.0 years (range, 22-76 years), and 33 (66%) of the patients were women. A diagnosis of IFI was made in 6 patients (12%), all of whom were female. On average, IFS and QFS were significantly smaller in IFI group than in control group (11.1 ± 2.7 mm versus 27.5 ± 6.5 mm and 5.3 ± 1.8 mm versus 18.8 ± 4.8 mm, respectively; p < 0.001 for both). Conclusion: Results of specific clinical tests and MRI findings indicate that the IFS and QFS are significantly reduced in patients with IFI.
Coordenação, uniformidade e autonomia na formulação de políticas públicas: experiências federativas no cenário internacional e nacional
Authors: Souza Celina Maria de
Published: June 2019

Resumo: O artigo analisa os desafios da formulação e da implementação de políticas públicas no Brasil e em outras federações e destaca as estratégias e os mecanismos desenvolvidos para garantir princípios e parâmetros de políticas públicas nacionais e do federalismo. O artigo discute a adoção de políticas públicas nacionais frente aos principais dilemas das federações: coordenação versus cooperação intergovernamental, uniformidade versus diversidade, autonomia versus compartilhamento de autoridade e centralização versus descentralização. A questão que guia o artigo é se em países federais as diversas esferas de governo são pontos de veto para a adoção de políticas públicas nacionais. Argumento que, na federação brasileira, a engenharia constitucional de 1988 foi capaz de contornar os principais dilemas federativos e os possíveis vetos à adoção de políticas nacionais. Argumenta-se ainda e complementarmente que federações são constituídas de múltiplas dimensões que precisam ser combinadas e analisadas para seu melhor entendimento.
A atenção primária em regiões de saúde: política, estrutura e organização
Authors: Bousquat Aylene , Giovanella Lígia , Fausto Marcia Cristina Rodrigues , Medina Maria Guadalupe , Martins Cleide Lavieri , Almeida Patty Fidelis , Campos Estela Marcia Saraiva , Mota Paulo Henrique dos Santos
Published: June 2019

Resumo: A atenção primária à saúde (APS) concebida como coordenadora do cuidado e ordenadora da rede regionalizada de atenção à saúde (RAS) é um dos condicionantes da dinâmica regional da saúde. O objetivo do artigo é identificar as dimensões política, de estrutura e de organização da APS em diferentes regiões do Brasil; assume-se que estas dimensões podem explicar, se não o todo, pelo menos parte importante do funcionamento da APS em cenário regional. Foram realizadas 84 entrevistas com atores-chave em cinco regiões de saúde. Essas regiões foram selecionadas com base na diversidade de situações socioeconômicas, territoriais e de organização do sistema de saúde. Apesar da heterogeneidade das RAS, notam-se traços comuns. Na dimensão da política, observou-se fragilidade na cooperação intergovernamental e no protagonismo da esfera estadual, além da incapacidade da Comissão Intergestores Bipartite em se configurar como espaço de planejamento e pactuação. Na dimensão estrutura ficou clara a insuficiência de condições que assegurem minimamente a execução de funções essenciais da APS. Pontos críticos são escassez, má distribuição e problemas de qualificação de recursos humanos, além do subfinanciamento das ações. Na dimensão organização são visíveis as dificuldades para se romper a fragmentação dos serviços. A APS não consegue assumir seu papel de coordenadora do cuidado, e observa-se a ausência de um modus operandi capaz de atender às necessidades dos usuários considerando as especificidades de cada região. A superação dos constrangimentos identificados é central para o fortalecimento do próprio SUS como sistema público, universal, equânime e integral.
Milk from different species on physicochemical and microstructural yoghurt properties
Authors: Vianna Felipe Santana , Canto Anna Carolina Vilhena da Cruz Silva , Costa-Lima Bruno , Salim Ana Paula , Balthazar Celso Fasura , Costa Marion Pereira , Panzenhagen Pedro , Rachid Rachel , Franco Robson Maia , Adam Conte-Junior Carlos , Silva Adriana Cristina de Oliveira
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present research was to evaluate differences in chemical properties and physical structure of yoghurt produced with milk from different species (sheep, cow, and goat). For each trial, whole raw sheep (S), cow (C), and goat (G) milk were used to manufacture 4L of yoghurts (Y) from each species (SY, CY, and GY, respectively). The SY demonstrated the greatest (P<0.05) values of total solids, protein, and lipid contents, reflecting on greater (P<0.05) firmness, apparent viscosity and water-holding capacity, and lower (P<0.05) syneresis index than CY and GY. Consequently, SY exhibited a more compact microstructure and homogeneous matrix with fewer pores. Furthermore, CY and GY microstructure contained a greater number of pores, which exhibited greater size heterogeneity than SY. Therefore, based on the evaluated physicochemical and microstructural properties of yoghurt, SY demonstrated the most desirable parameter values for dairy industry representing an alternative substitution for cow’s milk yogurt.
IoT-based measurement system for classifying cow behavior from tri-axial accelerometer
Authors: Wang Jun , He Zhitao , Ji Jiangtao , Zhao Kaixuan , Zhang Haiyang
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: A cow behavior monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) has been designed and implemented using tri-axial accelerometer, MSP430 microcontroller, wireless radio frequency (RF) module, and a laptop. The implemented system measured cow movement behavior and transmitted acceleration data to the laptop through the wireless RF module. Results were displayed on the laptop in a 2D graph, through which behavior patterns of cows were predicted. The measured data from the system were analyzed using the Multi-Back Propagation-Adaptive Boosting algorithm to determine the specific behavioral state of cows. The developed system can be used to increase classification performance of cow behavior by detecting acceleration data. Accuracy exceeded 90% for all the classified behavior categories, and the specificity of normal walking reached 96.98%. The sensitivity was good for all behavior patterns except standing up and lying down, with a maximum of 87.23% for standing. Overall, the IoT-based measurement system provides accurate and remote measurement of cow behavior, and the ensemble classification algorithm can effectively recognize various behavior patterns in dairy cows. Future research will improve the classification algorithm parameters and increase the number of enrolled cows. Once the functionality and reliability of the system have been confirmed on a large scale, commercialization may become possible.
The paradigmatic field of usage of the theoretical category of pluriactivity in Brazil
Authors: Silva Márcia Danielly Cavalcanti , Fiúza Ana Louise De Carvalho , Pinto Neide Maria de Almeida
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: The lack of interpretive convergence around an analytical category or concept generates a field of disputes around the understanding of a certain phenomenon. This is also the case with “pluriactivity”, on which there remain interpretive divergences derived from its conception. This research aims to identify the interpretive tendencies that are gaining traction in Brazil. For that, the research used as a database the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD - “Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações”), since this type of database compiles and updates the state of the art on the subject. The research universe consisted of 115 dissertations and theses were systematized and analyzed using IRAMUTEQ software. Results showed that the development of theses and dissertations studying the theme of pluriactivity has remained as a current research topic. A higher incidence was noted more in the Southern and Southeastern universities of the country, where the dynamics between the three sectors of the economy favor the possibility of combining agricultural and non-agricultural activities. The conclusions of the research pointed to the coexistence of two different conceptions regarding pluriactivity: one that characterizes it as a strategy of reproduction and survival; and another that associates it with the diversification of the labor market at the regional level, which would allow the farmers’ family members to diversify the family income and increase the possibilities of investment in the activities developed in the rural property.
Anesthetic potential of the essential oils of Lippia alba and Lippia origanoides in Tambaqui juveniles
Authors: Silva Hugo Napoleão Pereira da , Carvalho Brenna Celina Ferreira de , Maia Janna Laely dos Santos , Becker Alexssandro Geferson , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Heinzmann Berta Maria , Mourão Rosa Helena Veras , Silva Lenise Vargas Flores da
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to investigate the anesthetic effect of the essential oils (EOs) of Lippia alba (citral and linalool chemotypes, EOLA-C and EOLA-L respectively) and Lippia origanoides (chemotype carvacrol, EOLO-Ca) on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles. The tested concentrations of the L. alba and L. origanoides EOs were: 25, 50, 100, and 200 μL/L. Time required to reach the stages of sedation, deep anesthesia, and recovery, as well as ventilatory frequency, were monitored for each EO concentration. The results indicated that all EO concentrations tested induced tambaqui anesthesia and that the ventilatory frequency was altered by the EOs. L. origanoides showed the shortest time to induce sedation and anesthesia, but had long recovery times. L. alba EO (citral 100 μL/L and linalool 200 μL/L) can be used to efficiently anaesthetise tambaqui juveniles with an efficient recovery.
Feline herpesvirus 1 viral load related to environmental factors in sheltered cats
Authors: Baumworcel Natasha , Pereira Joylson de Jesus , Soares Ana Maria Barros , Souza Guilherme Nunes , Almosny Nadia Regina Pereira , Castro Tatiana Xavier de
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: Shelter environment stress factors are related to FHV-1 viral reactivation. However, comparisons between conjunctival viral load and environmental factors have not been commonly evaluated. The aim of this study was to correlate FHV-1 viral load in domestic cats with and without clinical signs of conjunctivitis to shelter design in order to use FHV-1 viral load as a parameter of “health management”. Cats from four different shelters underwent an ophthalmological examination. Samples were collected by rolling a DNA/RNAse-free cytobrush over the ventral conjunctival fornix and were stored in 1.5 mL sterile microtubes in 500 μL of Eagle’s minimum essential medium and kept at 4 ºC. Molecular procedures were performed up to 48 hours after collection. Different routines regarding new arrivals were directly related to FHV-1 viral load. Shelters where new arrivals occurred on daily basis had the highest viral load (2.69x108 copies/µL), while those shelters where new arrivals had not occurred in the few months prior to the beginning of the study had the lowest rate (1.63x103 copies/µL). Environmental factors directly influenced FHV-1 DNA viral load. This study highlighted the need to improve the management approach in the animal shelter environment to reduce stressful situations responsible for FHV-1 reactivation and higher viral load quantification.
Evaluating management practices in horizontal cooperation SMEs networks: the Ecuadorian context
Authors: Rojas-Lema Ximena , Pumisacho Victor , Alfaro-Saiz Juan-José , García Daniela
Published: June 2019

Abstract Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economic growth of a country and of a sector. They seek to be incorporated into permanent productivity and competitiveness dynamics through a cooperation strategy. This article evaluated the application of management practices to horizontal SMEs networks of the dairy sector in Ecuador by following the constructivist methodology. The literature review and exploratory research indicated an understanding of cooperative work in the networks or Milk Collection Centers (MCCs) and identified the need to evaluate performance when applying management practices as an unavoidable element to enhance their operation and development. The construction phase took as reference a model for the evaluation of management practices in cooperation networks and contextualized it to the Ecuadorian environment. In the evaluation phase, three networks were evaluated, from which results and conclusions were obtained. The developed model identified six criteria with which the evaluations of MCCs were made, whose analysis allowed their performance level to be quantified and a proposal of some specific improvement opportunities for this sector and a group of SMEs.
Proposta de um sistema de informação para a gestão de inventário e o direcionamento das campanhas de coleta de sangue
Authors: Ferreira Vanessa Elionara de Souza , Carmo Breno Barros Telles do , Oliveira Amanda Gondim de
Published: June 2019

Resumo Direcionar as campanhas de coleta é um dos desafios dos hemocentros brasileiros, cujo objetivo é fornecer produtos a partir do sangue. Além disso, essas organizações precisam conciliar a oferta e a demanda dos produtos hemoterápicos. Assim, este artigo propõe um sistema para gerenciar os níveis de estoque de produtos nos bancos de sangue e direcionar as campanhas de coleta, de forma a maximizar o atendimento à demanda e minimizar o descarte em função dos prazos de validade dos produtos. O sistema foi implementado em ambiente de desenvolvimento open source, sem custo financeiro, por meio de linguagem de programação e banco de dados que permitam sua utilização em diferentes sistemas operacionais. A partir dos resultados, é possível constatar que o sistema é uma importante ferramenta de gestão para os bancos de sangue, por causa de seu potencial de fazer as previsões de demanda e, por meio da comparação com os níveis de estoque, de fornecer um direcionamento para as campanhas de coleta. O sistema possui uma interface clara e intuitiva com diversas funcionalidades de apoio às atividades rotineiras de hemocentros e é capaz de atendê-los, seja do Brasil, seja do mundo, quanto às suas necessidades.
Percepções de estudantes sobre bullying e família: um enfoque qualitativo na saúde do escolar
Authors: Oliveira Wanderlei Abadio de , Silva Jorge Luiz da , Braga Iara Falleiros , Romualdo Claudio , Brandão Neto Waldemar , Caravita Simona Carla Silvia , Silva Marta Angélica Iossi
Published: June 2019

Resumo Introdução O bullying escolar representa um fenômeno expressivo no Brasil e no mundo, impactando na saúde e no desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes. Objetivo Analisar as relações entre as percepções de estudantes sobre bullying escolar e interações familiares. Método Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do qual participaram 55 estudantes. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram utilizadas na coleta de dados e analisadas segundo a análise de conteúdo, em sua modalidade temática, no software Atlas.Ti. O referencial teórico-metodológico adotado foi a Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento. Resultados Revelou-se que a) as características individuais, resultantes do processo de desenvolvimento que envolve a família, são os fatores que melhor explicam o bullying; b) as experiências negativas no contexto familiar podem favorecer o envolvimento dos estudantes em situações de bullying; e c) aspectos positivos das famílias podem ser considerados pontos fortes a serem explorados por programas de intervenção. Conclusão Foram identificadas relações entre as percepções acerca do bullying escolar e as interações familiares. A investigação aumenta a compreensão sobre a complexidade do bullying e poderá subsidiar iniciativas de formação de profissionais que atuam na área da saúde e têm as famílias como matriz de ação na atenção primária.
KRAFT LIGNIN AS AN ADDITIVE IN PINE AND EUCALYPTUS PARTICLE COMPOSITION FOR BRIQUETTE PRODUCTION
Authors: Boschetti Walter Torezani Neto , Lopes Alice do Carmo Precci , Ribeiro Robisnéia Adriana , Reyes Rafael Quezada , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the properties of briquettes produced with different proportions of pine and eucalyptus wood, as well as to characterize the potential of kraft lignin as an additive in the composition of briquettes for energy generation. The treatments differed from one another in the pine and eucalyptus wood particle ratios (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%), as well as for the kraft lignin content (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12%). The biomasses were characterized by their physical and chemical properties, and briquette properties were evaluated according to apparent density, lower calorific value (LCV), energy density, and maximum burst load. The results showed an increase in the apparent density as the proportion of lignin and eucalyptus in the briquettes increased. The particle composition of the briquettes had a higher influence on the energy density increase compared to the addition of kraft lignin, being more significant in briquettes produced with higher proportions of eucalyptus. It was also observed that the addition of lignin increased the resistance to the rupture load, and that there was a specific value at which this resistance was higher (at 7% or 11% of lignin, depending on the proportion of particles). Additionally, the briquettes made with 100% pine achieved greater mechanical resistance. In general, kraft lignin presented good potential for use as a briquette additive, contributing to improved energy and mechanical properties.
GROWTH, YIELD AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF AN EUCALYPT-SOYBEAN CONSORTIUM: EFFECT OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TREES WITHIN THE ROW1
Authors: Barbosa Rodolfo Alves , Reis Geraldo Gonçalves dos , Reis Maria das Graças Ferreira , leite Helio Garcia , Oliveira Carlos Henrique Rodrigues de , Silva Marcio Lopes da , Cacau Filipe Valadão , Caliman Jônio Pizzol
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Agroforestry systems (AGF) design should benefit all components of the consortium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the distance between plants within the row on growth and yield of trees and agricultural crop and on the economic viability of the consortium. The eucalypt was planted in 9.5 x 1.5 m, 9.5 x 2.0 m, 9.5 x 3.0 m and 9.5 x 40 m arrangements, in consortium with soybean. The tree diameter (dbh) and total height (Ht), and the leaf area index (LAI) were measured at 14, 38 and 51 months. Soybean yield was evaluated 24 months after planting eucalypt. An economic evaluation of the consortium was carried out for a planning horizon of seven years. The distance between trees within the row did not affect the tree height, however, larger distances promoted a higher dbh and individual volume. Higher values of basal area and yield were achieved in the 9.5 x 1.5 m arrangement. The LAI was smaller (1.43) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement, at 38 months, compared to the other arrangements (mean LAI = 1.66). Soybean had it's highest yield (2,317 kg ha-1) in the 9.5 x 4.0 m arrangement. In the economic evaluation, the wood produced in the two denser arrangements was destined for energy, with low market value, making these two arrangements unfeasible economically, although the tree component yield was the highest in the arrangement 9.5 x 1.5 m. The 9.5 x 4.0 m spatial arrangement was the most economically viable, considering the allocation of 40% of the wood for sawing, and the prices and costs assumed in this study. In this arrangement, the soybean yield was the highest, and the planting costs were the lowest when compared to the other arrangements.
CONSERVATION OF SEEDS OF Myrcianthes pungens (Berg) Legr. IN DIFFERENT PACKAGING IN A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT1
Authors: Gibbert Patrícia , Malavasi Marlene de Matos , Malavasi Ubirajara Contro , Dranski João Alexandre Lopes
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Studying the physiological and biochemical behavior of Myrcianthes pungens seeds stored in different packages for up to ten months was the objective of this work. Seeds were collected in Toledo, Pato Bragado, and Marechal Cândido Rondon and stored in a cold and dry chamber (11 ºC and 6,3% RH) for ten months. The germination test and the germination speed index (GSI), the seedling length (SL), the seedling dry matter mass (DMS), and the tetrazolium (ZT) test were performed and, for each evaluation, the water content was determined. Non-parametric analysis was used. During storage, the water content of the seeds in the plastic and glass containers varied little, but decreased in the paper packaging. The germination was maintained for ten months when the seeds were stored in plastic containers and for two months in the glass and paper ones. The variables GSI, SL, and DMS presented upwards and downwards variations during the storage period. The ZT revealed that, in the plastic packaging, the seeds remained viable for up to ten months, in glass, up to two months, and in paper, up to four months. Therefore, seeds of Myrcianthes pungens with high initial quality can be stored in a cold and dry chamber in plastic bags, maintaining viability and vigor for a period of ten months
Management Of Commelina benghalensis with Saflufenacil in Shaded Environments
Authors: SANTOS JUNIOR A. , FREITAS F.C.L. , SANTOS I.T. , SILVA D.C. , PAIXÃO G.P. , SEDIYAMA C.S.
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: The repetitive use of glyphosate in the control of weeds in eucalyptus plantations has selected tolerant species such as Commelina benghalensis. Therefore, the use of herbicides of other mechanisms of action, such as saflufenacil, in rotation or combination with glyphosate, is necessary to reduce damages caused by C. benghalensis, whose sensitivity to herbicides can be influenced by the shading caused by the eucalyptus crop. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of saflufenacil in the management of C. benghalensis at different shading levels. Three experiments were carried out regarding a certain shading level (cultivation environment with 0, 40, and 55% shade). The experimental design was a randomized block design with five herbicide doses (0, 24.5, 49, 73.5, and 98 g ha-1 of saflufenacil) and four replications. At 28 days after herbicide application, the percentage of control and shoot dry matter were assessed, as well as the biomass allocation to leaves, stems, and roots of C. benghalensis. Plants cultivated at 0% shade presented a higher dry matter accumulation and a better distribution of biomass in leaves, stem, and roots, contributing with the increased tolerance to saflufenacil and not being controlled with effectiveness under the assessed doses. As shading was increased, plants of C. benghalensis allocated most of their biomass to the shoot, especially leaves, reducing their reserve structures and increasing the contact area with the herbicide, making them more susceptible to saflufenacil.
Intercropping Between Corn and Urochloa brizantha Managed with Mesotrione Underdoses
Authors: MARTINS D.A. , JAKELAITIS A. , PEREIRA L.S. , MOURA L.M.F. , GUIMARÃES K.C.
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT: Corn and forage intercropping system has been commonly used for pasture establishment or renewal. In addition, the use of reduced doses of herbicides selective to corn has facilitated coexistence by reducing competitiveness against forage species. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mesotrione underdoses in a corn and Urochloa brizantha intercropping on weed population dynamics, corn yield, and forage performance and nutritional quality. For this purpose, five mesotrione doses were tested (0.0, 9.6, 19.2, 38.4, and 57.6 g ha-1) in corn and forage intercropping and monocultures. Individual density and weed dry matter were influenced by mesotrione doses, intercropping, and precipitation distribution over the evaluated period in the intercropping and pasture. In intercropping, Alternanthera tenella and Commelina benghalensis were the most important species because they could not be controlled by the herbicide. After intercropping, A. tenella and C. benghalensis presented higher relative importance (RI) in the formed pasture during the rainy season, while Conyza bonariensis and A. tenella presented the highest RI during the dry season. Corn grain yield was not affected by the presence of grass, but forage yield was affected by the competition with corn. Mesotrione doses did not affect the yield and nutritional quality of the forage. The effects on mineral matter, crude protein, and acid detergent fiber in the forage were due to the coexistence with corn when compared to the control grown in monoculture.
Formação de Professores para a Educação Especial - Propostas de Helena Antipoff e seus Colaboradores na Fazenda do Rosário nos Anos de 1960
Authors: CASSEMIRO Maria de Fátima Pio , CAMPOS Regina Helena de Freitas
Published: June 2019

RESUMO: Com base em documentos do Centro de Documentação e Pesquisa Helena Antipoff, apresenta-se estudo de caso do “2º Curso de Férias de Ensino Emendativo para professores de classes especiais e estabelecimentos de crianças excepcionais” realizado em 1962, no Instituto Superior de Educação Rural (ISER), na Fazenda do Rosário, em Ibirité, Minas Gerais, por iniciativa da Sociedade Pestalozzi de Minas Gerais, e coordenado pela educadora Helena Antipoff (1892-1974), com a participação de seus colaboradores locais e convidados de São Paulo e do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia histórica descritiva foi utilizada para análise das fontes, focalizando os objetivos do Curso, sua organização e as perspectivas teóricas e técnicas que o orientaram, no contexto da história da Educação Especial. Os resultados evidenciam que o Curso, com duração de um mês (26 disciplinas e 215 horas-aula), foi frequentado por 76 normalistas, de nove estados brasileiros. Helena Antipoff e seus colaboradores, inspirando-se nos princípios da Escola Ativa de Genebra, enfatizavam que o conhecimento e a compreensão do educando pelo professor eram pré-requisitos para o sucesso da educação. A observação sistemática era o caminho seguro para conhecer as necessidades e os interesses do estudante e construir instrumentos pedagógicos adequados para cada um. A relação entre teoria e prática era priorizada, as alunas/professoras tinham a oportunidade de aprender vivenciando as técnicas que iriam utilizar com seus futuros alunos. Combinando assim a observação e o know how adquirido, apostava-se na possibilidade de os educadores construírem estratégias e caminhos alternativos para a resolução dos problemas de aprendizagem dos alunos.
Geotechnics, energy and climate change: the 56th Rankine Lecture
Authors: Jardine Richard J.
Published: June 2019

Geotechnical engineering has matured sufficiently to contribute to resolving some of society's grand challenges. The 56th Rankine Lecture considered one of the most pressing global problems: maintaining vital energy supplies while also recognising, mitigating and reducing the climate consequences of fossil fuel consumption. This written version reports geotechnical research relating to these wide-ranging issues, considering paired topics within its three main parts and illustrating these with specific practical examples. Part 1 focuses on supporting offshore hydrocarbon production, considering advances in understanding and designing the driven piles that support most continental shelf platforms, before moving to the large underwater landslides that can affect deeper water developments. Part 2 describes investigations into the geotechnical impact of climate change in a permafrost region and a peatland study that contributes to alleviating flood risks exacerbated by climate change. Part 3 outlines research that is improving the economics of renewable offshore wind energy for multi-pile and monopile supported turbines. Integrating geology and rigorous analysis with advanced laboratory and field experiments is shown to be essential to resolving the complex geotechnical problems considered, as is careful full-scale checking and monitoring. Close cooperation with co-workers from industry and academia was central to the studies described and the contributions of many collaborators are emphasised. The concluding section identifies examples of significant questions from each of the six topic areas that remain to be resolved fully.
The Evaluation of Epicardial Fat Thickness and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in the Patients with Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism
Authors: DOĞAN Abdullah , KARABULUT Aziz , KILINÇ Faruk , PEKKOLAY Zafer , TUZCU Alparslan Kemal
Published: June 2019

Bacgrounds: The studies conducted have shown that epicardial fat
thickness (EFT) and Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) are  closely associated with cardiovascular
diseases and that this may be an indicator for the prediction of early
atherosclerosis. In this study, we have attempted
to identify EFT and CIMT in patients with hypothyroidism and to reveal the
relationship between them and thyroid hormones.Material and method: 82 patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism and
37 patients from healthy control group were included in the study. The
subclinic hypothyroidism group (SH) was made up of 50 patients; the overt
hypothyroidism group (OH) was composed of 32 patients. Cases’ thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), FT3, FT4, thyroperoxidase antibodies (anti-tpo) and
anti-tiroglobulin antibodies (anti-tg) were
studied. Their EFT and CIMT values were measured. The statistical analysis was
applied to EFT and CIMT. Results: Compared with the CG, the thickness of epicardial fat tissue increased
in OH and SH groups (p<0,001, p<0,001 respectively). In terms of EFT,
there was no significant difference between OH and SH groups. Compared with the
CG, the mean CIMT increased in OH and SH (p<0,001, p<0.001 respectively),
but there was no significant difference between OH and SH in terms of CIMT. In
addition, there was a positive correlation between EFT and CIMT (p<0.001).

 Conclusions: The measurement of EFT and CIMT can be used as a
marker for the diagnosis of early atherosclerosis both in OH and in SH
patients. Because the thickness of EFT and CIMT increased in patients with SH
who are debated as to whether they should be treated, it leads us to think that
these patients should be treated in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular
diseases in these patients.