bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIFITAS MEDIA PROMOSI KESEHATAN DI SEKOLAH TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENTANG MEROKOK PADA SISWA KELAS VII DI SLTP N 13 KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Purwadi Happy Novriyanti , Setiaji Bambang , Maryam Mary S
Published: November 2019

Pendahuluan, Perilaku merokok dimulai pada usia anak-anak dan remaja. Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas provinsi Banten 2013, persentase penduduk berumur 10 tahun ke atas di Kota Tangerang yang menjadi perokok setiap hari 25%, dari data tersebut yang sudah menjadi perokok aktif  usia 10-14 tahun 2 % dan usia 15-19 tahun 21,7 %. Dengan kata lain hampir separuh perokok aktif sudah dimulai dari usia remaja. Besarnya potensi menjadi perokok dikalangan siswa karena kurangnya pemahaman tentang merokok, serta lingkungan yang sangat mempengaruhi baik dalam keluarga dan teman,sehingga diperlukan adanya pendidikan kesehatan. Promosi kesehatan merupakan salah satu cara untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan dengan media, sehingga diharapkan dapat merubah perilakunya ke arah positif. Metode Penelitian  yang  digunakan  yaitu Quasi Eksperimen dengan pre and post test group design. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok (cetak dan elektronik) dengan jumlah 84 responden dari 322 siswa/i. Hasil Penelitian terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi pada kelompok media elektronik dan cetak. Peningkatan pengetahuan setelah diberikan intervensi media cetak (booklet) dan elektronik (video) ditandai dengan nilai p= 0.000. kemudian adanya peningkatan sikap ditandai dengan nilai significancy sebesar 0.001 (p < 0.05). Kesimpulan dan Saran, perbedaan rata-rata untuk pengetahuan sebesar 0.66 point dan sikap sebesar 0.02 point sehingga dapat disimpulkan penggunaan media elektronik lebih efektif dalam perubahan penggunaan dan sikap responden tentang merokok, hal ini tidak lepas dari peran sekolah dalam pemberian penyuluhan kesehatan yang dapat menggunakan media elektronik, untuk dapat meningkatkan derajat kesehatan sekolah.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL STM (SAINS TEKNOLOGI MASYARAKAT) TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN SISWA PADA KONSEP ENERGI DAN PERUBAHANNYA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Muhamad Firdaus Fery
Published: November 2019

The research objective was to determine the influence of STM (Science Society Technology) of the elementary school students' understanding. The study was conducted in the second semester of academic year 2012-2013 at the State Primary School Cipaku 03 as the experimental group, and at the State Primary School Nangela as a control group. The research sample of 20 students from each group. During the research process, the experimental group was given STM (Science Society Technology), while the control group was given conventional learning. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with quasi experimental design method nonequivalent groups pretest-posttests. Data analysis was performed using t-test. 0.05 significance level. The results showed a significant difference between the scores of students' understanding of the experimental group and the control group. It also found that the STM (Science Society Technology) is more effective in improving students' understanding compared to conventional learning, so that the STM (Science Society Technology) can be an alternative to learning that can be applied in an effort to improve understanding of elementary school students.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN DAN REPRESENTASI MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Handayani Hani
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine whether the ability of understanding and reoresentasi mathematical students who get contextual learning is higher than the capability of understanding and the mathematical representation of students who learn by direct instruction, as well as to determine whether the increased ability of comprehension and mathematical representation of students who get contextual learning is higher than increase in students who received direct instruction teaching. This study is a quasi-experimental study design with pretest posttest control group research desaign. Based on data analysis and data posttest scores normalized gain, it can be concluded that 1) the ability of understanding and abilities of students who obtain a mathematical representation of contextual learning is higher than the capability of mathematical understanding of students who received direct instruction; 2) to improve the understanding and ability of students who obtain a mathematical representation of contextual learning is higher than the increase in understanding of mathematical ability of students who received direct instruction
MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH (ORIENTASI BARU PENGEMBANGAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DASAR DI ERA OTONOMI DAERAH)
Authors: Priatna Asep
Published: November 2019

One of the things implied by the education decentralization policy is to run independent school education management in different perspectives according to the conditions of each region. Decentralization is no longer seen as a concept but should be implemented at all levels of management, not least on the institutional arrangements, systems and educational units, both in the formal and non-formal education channels. New patterns of management education in the form of School Based Management, is actually giving ample space for the community that any decision made by the local government is more "grounded" and provide quality education to the younger generation. In this context, education decentralization implies an effort to bring the community to the decision making on local needs, so that the development of education in accordance with the peculiarities of the region, on the other hand the potential can be utilized. In the end, the real implementation of the School Based Management is on the order of the institution is expected to improve the quality of basic education and excellence in the area of human resources.
MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IX PADA MATA PELAJARAN SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM (SKI) MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TIME TOKEN ARENDS DI MTS YAPITA TAMBUSAI KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU
Authors: Bashori Bashori
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam di MTs PP. YAPITA Tambusai Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran Time Token Arends pada mata pelajaran Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam (SKI). Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX yang berjumlah 24 orang yang terdiri dari 14 orang siswa laki-laki dan 10 orang siswa perempuan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi dan tes hasil belajar. Setelah data terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Time Token Arends dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX. Aktivitas belajar siswa kelas IX mengalami peningkatan dari 53,13% pada sebelum tindakan menjadi 71,88% pada siklus I dan akhirnya mencapai 87,50% pada siklus II. Sementara rata-rata hasil belajar siswa kelas IX mengalami peningkatan dari 65,83 pada sebelum tindakan menjadi 72,08 pada siklus I dan akhirnya mencapai 80,63 pada siklus II. Demikian juga dengan ketuntasan kelas (klasikal) mengalami peningkatan dari 37,50% pada sebelum tindakan, menjadi 70,83% pada siklus I dan akhirnya mencapai 100% pada siklus II.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL PADA MATERI PENINGGALAN SEJARAH KERAJAAN BUDDHA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sutisna Mamur , Robiatul Ulumiah Ai
Published: November 2019

This study aims to improve students' motivation and learning outcomes through learning Social Scienceby applying the model of Problem Based Learning. This research is motivated by the problems that occur in the classroom, namely the lack of motivation and student learning outcomes. The design of this study used a classroom action research model consisting of three cycles, each cycle conducted in two meetings, including the planning stage, action implementation, interview observation, documentation, analysis and reflection. The results showed that through the application of Probem Based Learning model can improve the motivation and learning outcomes of students with Social Sciencelearning on the material of the historical relics of the Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia. This can be seen from the results of observation and analysis which shows that the assessment of RPP cycle I reached the percentage of 67.5% enough category, cycle II reached the percentage of 77.5% good category, cycle III reached the percentage of 90% very good category. Implementation of learning in the first cycle reached the percentage of 62.9% enough category, cycle II reached the percentage of 77.5% good category, cycle III reached the percentage of 90% very good category. While the results of students' learning motivation cycle I reached the percentage of 65% enough category, cycle II reached the percentage of 75.7% good category, cycle III reached the percentage of 88% very good category. Similarly, the results of student learning that meets the value of KKM in cycle I reached the percentage of 59% enough category, cycle II reached the percentage of 73% good category, cycle III reached the percentage of 90% very good category. Classroom action research ends in cycle III because the aspects studied are considered to have succeeded in achieving the indicator of achievement determined. This is because the model of Problem Based Learning is the appropriate learning resources for student development in Social Sciencelearning related to daily life. Based on the above description, it can be concluded that the model of Problem Based Learning can improve the motivation and student learning outcomes with Social Sciencelearning on the material of the historical relics of the Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia.
PENERAPAN MODEL TEAM-ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) DENGAN GAYA PEMBELAJARAN VISUAL, AUDITORI, DAN KINESTETIK (VAK) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KARANGAN PERSUASI PADA PESERTA DIDIK SMA NEGERI 1 RANCAEKEK
Authors: Julianto Julianto
Published: November 2019

Writing is activity for exercise think ability become more than creative, productive, and expressive. Writing need diligence for develop essay design with the best. Writing skil have to training continual because writing not simple. This study have for question respond: (1) how planning writing skil persuasive essay use application team-assisted individualization with the style learning visual, auditori, and kinesthetic on the student class X SMAN 1 Rancaekek, (2) how implementation writing skil persuasive essay use application team-assisted individualization with the style learning visual, auditori, and kinesthetic on the student class X SMAN 1 Rancaekek, (3) how result writing skil persuasive essay use application team-assisted individualization with the style learning visual, auditori, and kinesthetic on the student class X SMAN 1 Rancaekek. This study tested the three cycle. Based on the study results, cycle one value persuasive essay is 55,4. The cycle two value persuasive essay is 68,5, and cycle three experience raise value become 80,2. So, the learning persuasive essay use application team-assisted individualization with the style learning visual, auditori, and kinesthetic on the student class X SMAN 1 Rancaekek can support the raise study achievement for student.
PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Widiani Santy
Published: November 2019

Kemampuan berpikir kritis dan berpikir kreatif merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan perlu ditingkatkan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Namun, kemampuan bepikir kritis dan kreatif matematik di tingkat pendidikan dasar belum tertangani dengan baik akibatnya kemampuan berpikir kritis dan berpikir kreatif siswa rendah. Oleh karena itu, guru harus menentukan pembelajaran yang tepat sehingga dapat mempermudah siswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir siswa. Salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan desain yang digunakan adalah “Nonequivalent Control Group Design”. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat, dari tiga sekolah yang masing-masing berlevel tinggi, sedang, dan rendah sebanyak enam kelas dengan tiga kelas kelompok eksperimen dan tiga kelas kelompok kontrol. Data diperoleh dari tes kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif matematik siswa, lembar observasi, wawancara, dan angket untuk mengetahui respon siswa mengenai pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan berpikir kreatif matematik siswa sekolah dasar. Pembelajaran matematika dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah secara signifikan lebih baik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif matematik siswa sekolah dasar dibandingkan dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan strategi konvensional ditinjau dari level sekolah dan faktor pembelajaran. Selain itu, sebagian besar siswa menunjukkan respon yang positif terhadap pembelajaran yang telah dilakukan serta ditemukan adanya korelasi antara skor tes siswa dengan skala sikap siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka pembelajaran matematika dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan siswa khususnya kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN UMPAN BALIK DAN GENDER TERHADAP PENINGKATAN SELF ESTEEM SISWA SMP
Authors: Pusparagen Yusnita , Suherman Adang
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian umpan balik terhadap peningkatan self esteem pada peserta didik SMP. (2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh gender terhadap peningkatan self esteem pada peserta didik SMP, dan (3) Untuk mengetahui interaksi antara pemberian umpan balik dan gender terhadap peningkatan self esteem pada peserta didik SMP. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Populasi adalah seluruh siswa SMP Lab UPI kelas VII yang berjumlah 175 peserta didik, dengan sampel sebanyak 2 kelas dengan jumlah 57 peserta didik, tekhnik sampling yaitu menggunakan cluster random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan merupakan adopsi dari Self Esteem Rating Scale (SERS) yang dikembangkan oleh Nugent & Thomas (1993). Analisis dengan menggunakan SPSS 17 menggunakan teknik ANOVA. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukan bahwa: (1) Feedback memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan self esteem peserta didik SMP. (2) Gender tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan self esteem peserta didik SMP. (3) Tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara feedback dan gender terhadap peningkatan self esteem peserta didik SMP.
PENGARUH KIDS’ ATHLETICS TERHADAP SELF-ESTEEM DAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI (STUDI EXPOST FACTO PADA SISWA SEKOLAH ATLETIK PAJAJARAN)
Authors: Akbaruddin Asep
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study to obtain empirical data on the effect of Kids' Athletics Against Self-Esteem And Physical Fitness in Athletic Pajajaran School students. The research methodology used Ex Post Facto casual- comparative design. Total sample of 30 students from elementary age group 11 -12 years in the School Athletic Padjadjaran Bandung taken by the sampling technique used nonprobability Sampling technique, using saturation sampling (total sampling). The instrument used was Hare Self-esteem Scale (HSS) developed by Bruce R. Hare (Kevin Corcoran and Joel Fischer, 2000: 550-552) and Indonesia Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) developed Ministry of Education (2003). From processing and analysis score that has been done, the result that; First off, Program Kids' Athletics have a significant influence on the Self-Esteem of Students in School Athletic Pajajaran. Secondly, Program Kids' Athletics have a significant influence on Physical Fitness Students in School Athletic Pajajaran.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA MELALUI KETELADANAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN GURU PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Triwantoro Triwantoro
Published: November 2019

This study aims to reveal the formation of character through the example of the Principal and the Citizenship Education Teacher in SMA 1 Subang. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were the Principal and Citizenship Education Teacher at SMA 1 Subang. Data collection using interview, observation and documentation techniques. Checking the validity of the data is done by source triangulation. Data analysis is done qualitatively through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the Principal and Citizenship Education Teachers in SMA Negeri 1 Subang formed student character through exemplary speech, personality traits, attitudes and appearance that were in accordance with religious character, discipline, democracy, nationalism, love of the country, peace of mind , care for the environment, and care for the social.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TREND PENURUNAN PELAKSANAAN SENAM IBU HAMIL DI KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Jumhati Siti , Kurniawan Slamet Santoso
Published: November 2019

Senam Hamil merupakan metode penting untuk mempertahankan atau meningkatkan keseimbangan fisik wanita hamil dan merupakan terapi latihan yang diberikan kepada wanita hamil untuk mencapai kelahiran yang cepat, mudah dan aman (Anggraini 2010). Tujuan Penelitian  ini yaitu Menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang  mempengaruhi trend penurunan pelaksanaan senam Ibu Hamil  di Puskesmas Kabupaten Bekasi.  Metode Penelitian yang digunakan  adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, menggunakan penggabungan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling  yaitu 70 responden.  Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di puskesmas Kab Bekasi, berdasarkan responden yang mempunyai motivasi  yang tinggi adalah sebanyak 49 orang (70%), dan yang memiliki motivasi rendah adalah sebanyak 21 orang (30%), berdasarkan responden yang mempunyai minat yang tinggi adalah sebanyak 50 orang (71,4%), dan yang memiliki minat rendah adalah sebanyak 20 orang (28,6%). Berdasarkan responden yang tidak bekerja adalah sebanyak 33 orang (47,1%), dan yang bekerja adalah sebanyak 37 orang (52,9%), berdasarkan responden yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan suami/keluarga adalah sebanyak 26 orang (37,1%), dan yang mendapatkan dukungan suami/keluarga adalah sebanyak 44 orang (62,9%), berdasarkan responden yang tidak mendapatkan dukungan petugas kesehatan adalah sebanyak 18 orang (25,7%), dan yang mendapatkan dukungan petugas kesehatan adalah sebanyak 52 orang (74,3%).  Dari 4 variabel yang diteliti dan berdasarkan hasil dari  cross tabulasi didapatkan bahwa 3 variabel independent berhubungan dengan variabel dependent yaitu minat, dukungan suami dan dukungan petugas kesehatan. Sedangkan variabel independent yang tidak berhubungan dengan variabel dependent adalah pekerjaan.  Kesimpulan Dan Saran :  Penulis mengharapkan agar petugas kesehatan dapat meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan terutama di kelas senam hamil dengan selalu melaksanakan kelas senam  hamil di waktu yang tepat agar ibu hamil termotivasi dan mau melaksanakan senam hamil.   Kata Kunci : Motivasi, Minat, Pekerjaan,Dukungan Suami/Keluarga, Dukungan Petugas Kesehatan Ibu Hamil Dan Senam Hamil.
EDAS METHOD FOR MULTIPLE ATTRIBUTE GROUP DECISION MAKING UNDER Q-RUNG ORTHOPAIR FUZZY ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Li Zengxian , Wei Guiwu , Wang Rui , Wu Jiang , Wei Cun , Wei Yu
Published: November 2019

Extended q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) is an excellent tool to depict the qualitative assessing information
in multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) environments. The EDAS method is very effective especially when the conflicting attributes
exist in the MAGDM issues in which the optimal alternative should have the biggest value of PDAS and the smallest value of NDAS. In this paper,
we put forward the EDAS method for MAGDM issues under q-ROFSs, which makes use of average solution (AS) for assessing the chosen alternatives.
The positive distance from AS (PDAS) and negative distance from AS (NDAS) is derived through the score of q-ROFSs. Then, the sorting order or
the optimal alternative can be acquired by computing integrative appraisal score. Finally, a numerical example for buying a refrigerator is
given to testify our developed EDAS method and some comparative analysis are also raised to further show the precious merits of this method.
Possible Progression of Mass-flow Processes around Young Intermediate-mass Stars Based on High-resolution Near-infrared Spectroscopy. I. Taurus
Authors: Yasui Chikako , Hamano Satoshi , Fukue Kei , Kondo Sohei , Sameshima Hiroaki , Takenaka Keiichi , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Ikeda Yuji , Kawakita Hideyo , Otsubo Shogo , Watase Ayaka , Taniguchi Daisuke , Mizumoto Misaki , Izumi Natsuko , Kobayashi Naoto
Published: November 2019

We used the WINERED spectrograph to perform near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy (resolving power R = 28,000) of 13 young intermediate-mass stars in the Taurus star-forming region. Based on the presence of near- and mid-infrared continuum emission, young intermediate-mass stars can be classified into three different evolutionary stages: Phases I, II, and III in the order of evolution. Our obtained spectra (λ = 0.91–1.35 μm) depict He i
λ10830 and Pβ lines that are sensitive to magnetospheric accretion and winds. We also investigate five sources each for Pβ and He i lines that were obtained from previous studies along with our targets. We observe that the Pβ profile morphologies in Phases I and II corresponded to an extensive variety of emission features; however, these features are not detected in Phase III. We also observe that the He i profile morphologies are mostly broad subcontinuum absorption lines in Phase I, narrow subcontinuum absorption lines in Phase II, and centered subcontinuum absorption features in Phase III. Our results indicate that the profile morphologies exhibit a progression of the dominant mass-flow processes: stellar wind and probably magnetospheric accretion in the very early stage, magnetospheric accretion and disk wind in the subsequent stage, and no activities in the final stage. These interpretations further suggest that opacity in protoplanetary disks plays an important role in mass-flow processes. Results also indicate that He i absorption features in Phase III sources, associated with chromospheric activities even in such young phases, are characteristics of intermediate-mass stars.
The Interplay of Magnetically Dominated Turbulence and Magnetic Reconnection in Producing Nonthermal Particles
Authors: Comisso Luca , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: November 2019

Magnetized turbulence and magnetic reconnection are often invoked to explain the nonthermal emission observed from a wide variety of astrophysical sources. By means of fully kinetic 2D and 3D particle-in-cell simulations, we investigate the interplay between turbulence and reconnection in generating nonthermal particles in magnetically dominated (or, equivalently, “relativistic”) pair plasmas. A generic by-product of the turbulence evolution is the generation of a nonthermal particle spectrum with a power-law energy range. The power-law slope p is harder for larger magnetizations and stronger turbulence fluctuations, and it can be as hard as p ≲ 2. The Larmor radius of particles at the high-energy cutoff is comparable to the size l of the largest turbulent eddies. Plasmoid-mediated reconnection, which self-consistently occurs in the turbulent plasma, controls the physics of particle injection. Then, particles are further accelerated by stochastic scattering off turbulent fluctuations. The work done by parallel electric fields—naturally expected in reconnection layers—is responsible for most of the initial energy increase and is proportional to the magnetization σ of the system, while the subsequent energy gain, which dominates the overall energization of high-energy particles, is powered by the perpendicular electric fields of turbulent fluctuations. The two-stage acceleration process leaves an imprint in the particle pitch-angle distribution: low-energy particles are aligned with the field, while the highest-energy particles move preferentially orthogonal to it. The energy diffusion coefficient of stochastic acceleration scales as D

γ
 ∼ 0.1σ(c/l)γ
2, where γ is the particle Lorentz factor. This results in fast acceleration timescales t
acc ∼ (3/σ)l/c. Our findings have important implications for understanding the generation of nonthermal particles in high-energy astrophysical sources.
Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic Ratios. II. Semiregular Variable M Giants
Authors: Lebzelter Thomas , Hinkle Kenneth H. , Straniero Oscar , Lambert David L. , Pilachowski Catherine A. , Nault Kristie A.
Published: November 2019

Carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios are reported for a sample of 51 SRb- and Lb-type variable asymptotic giant branch stars. Vibration-rotation first- and second-overtone CO lines in 1.5–2.5 μm spectra were measured to derive isotopic ratios for 12C/13C, 16O/17O, and 16O/18O. Comparisons with previous measurements for individual stars and with various samples of evolved stars, as available in the extant literature, are discussed. Using the oxygen isotopic ratios, the masses of the SRb stars can be derived. Combining the masses with Gaia luminosities, the SRb stars are shown to be antecedents of the Mira variables. The limiting parameters where plane-parallel, hydrostatic equilibrium model atmospheres can be used for abundance analysis of M giants are explored.
Mass Assembly of Stellar Systems and Their Evolution with the SMA (MASSES)—Full Data Release
Authors: Stephens Ian W. , Bourke Tyler L. , Dunham Michael M. , Myers Philip C. , Pokhrel Riwaj , Tobin John J. , Arce Héctor G. , Sadavoy Sarah I. , Vorobyov Eduard I. , Pineda Jaime E. , Offner Stella S. R. , Lee Katherine I. , Kristensen Lars E. , Jørgensen Jes K. , Gurwell Mark A. , Goodman Alyssa A.
Published: November 2019

We present and release the full data set for the Mass Assembly of Stellar Systems and their Evolution with the SMA (MASSES) survey. This survey used the Submillimeter Array (SMA) to image the 74 known protostars within the Perseus molecular cloud. The SMA was used in two array configurations to capture outflows for scales >30″ (>9000 au) and to probe scales down to ∼1″ (∼300 au). The protostars were observed with the 1.3 mm and 850 μm receivers simultaneously to detect continuum at both wavelengths and molecular line emission from CO(2–1), 13CO(2–1), C18O(2–1), N2D+(3–2), CO(3–2), HCO+(4–3), and H13CO+(4–3). Some of the observations also used the SMA’s recently upgraded correlator, SWARM, whose broader bandwidth allowed for several more spectral lines to be observed (e.g., SO, H2CO, DCO+, DCN, CS, CN). Of the main continuum and spectral tracers observed, 84% of the images and cubes had emission detected. The median C18O(2–1) line width is ∼1.0 km s−1, which is slightly higher than those measured with single-dish telescopes at scales of 3000–20,000 au. Of the 74 targets, six are suggested to be first hydrostatic core candidates, and we suggest that L1451-mm is the best candidate. We question a previous continuum detection toward L1448 IRS2E. In the SVS 13 system, SVS 13A certainly appears to be the most evolved source, while SVS 13C appears to be hotter and more evolved than SVS 13B. The MASSES survey is the largest publicly available interferometric continuum and spectral line protostellar survey to date, and is largely unbiased as it only targets protostars in Perseus. All visibility (uv) data and imaged data are publicly available at https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/full_MASSES/.
Frequency of Coronal Mass Ejection Impacts with Early Terrestrial Planets and Exoplanets around Active Solar-like Stars
Authors: Kay Christina , Airapetian Vladimir S. , Lüftinger Theresa , Kochukhov Oleg
Published: November 2019

Energetic flares and associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from young magnetically active solar-like stars can play a critical role in setting conditions for atmospheric escape as well as penetration of accelerated particles into their atmospheres that promotes formation of biologically relevant molecules. We have used the observationally reconstructed magnetic field of the 0.7 Gyr young Sun’s twin, k
1
Ceti, to study the effects of CME deflections in the magnetic corona of the young Sun and their effects on the impact frequency on the early Venus, Earth, and Mars. We find that the coronal magnetic field deflects the CMEs toward the astrospheric current sheet. This effect suggests that CMEs tend to propagate within a small cone about the ecliptic plane increasing the impact frequency of CMEs with planetary magnetospheres near this plane to ∼30% or by a factor of 6 as compared to previous estimate by Airapetian et al. Our model has important implications for the rise of prebiotic chemistry on early terrestrial planets as well as terrestrial-type exoplanets around young G-K dwarfs.
MESSENGER Observations of Giant Plasmoids in Mercury’s Magnetotail
Authors: Zhong J. , Zong Q. G. , Wei Y. , Slavin J. A. , Cao X. , Pu Z. Y. , Wang X. G. , Fu S. Y. , Raines J. M. , Wan W. X.
Published: November 2019

Small-scale flux ropes, with estimated diameters of ∼500 km and that pass over the MESSENGER spacecraft on timescales of seconds or less, are a common feature in Mercury’s magnetosphere. These magnetic structures, sometimes referred to as plasmoids, are believed to form as a result of rapid transient reconnection in the cross-tail current sheet at Mercury and the other planets. Here we report the occurrence of unusually large plasmoids in Mercury’s magnetotail observed, by the MESSENGER spacecraft. These plasmoids are remarkable for several reasons. Their spatial scales in the north–south direction exceed Mercury’s radius of 2440 km, and their time durations are comparable to or longer than the average Dungey cycle time of ∼200 s. They also have a more loop-like magnetic structure than the more common helical-like flux rope topology. These new MESSENGER observations suggest that Mercury’s magnetosphere can dissipate large quantities of magnetic flux and energy not only through the formation of a large number of small flux ropes, but also occasionally by the formation and release of a single giant plasmoid.
Functional Outcomes of Surgical Management for Spinal Epidural Masses in an Egyptian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Elkatatny Amr Mostafa , Mostafa Hossam Eldin , Gouda Ahmad H. , Mahmoud Mohamed Abdeltawab , Alnajjar Dina Mahmoud , Ghoraba Dina Abdelazim
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: The spinal epidural space, covering the dural sac, is located along the posterior longitudinal ligament anteriorly, the ligamentum flavum and the periosteum of laminae posteriorly, and the pedicles of the spinal column by the intervertebral foramina containing their neural elements laterally. It could be affected variably by different types of diseases, either as primary lesions or as an extension from a disease process in the nearby tissues and organs.
AIM: We aimed to present clinically and surgically patients with spinal epidural masses operated in the Neurosurgery Department of Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt, along a time interval of one year.
METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, we analysed motor deficits, sensory deficits, and bowel and bladder dysfunction. We have performed decompressive laminectomy on 19 patients with spinal epidural masses together with mass excision as long as the tumour was accessible, with or without fixation.
RESULTS: All patients were radiologically assessed by MRI over the affected side of the spine. D10 was the commonest site in our study to be affected in 10 cases of our participants (23%), followed by D5, D7, and D12 each of them was affected in 6 cases (14%), in another word spinal segments by order of frequency to be affected were dorsal followed by lumbar spine. All patients included in this study (100%) showed an obvious improvement as regard pain and tenderness.
CONCLUSION: Surgical interventions have improved the quality of life for our patients with spinal epidural masses.
Raconter son histoire comme personne : les migrants et leurs récits
Authors: Chambon Nicolas
Published: November 2019

Cet article prend appui sur une thèse dont l’enquête portait sur les modalités de soutien aux migrants en situation irrégulière. De manière générale, les migrants sont amenés à se raconter « comme personne d’autre », notamment quand ils demandent l’asile et doivent établir la preuve de leur condition de victime et prouver leur persécution. Nous défendons dans cet article que l’identité narrative est mise à l’épreuve par une injonction extérieure à mettre son histoire en récit, dans un format standardisé ; injonction à laquelle satisfont les soutiens pour se conformer à ce qui est attendu. Nous soutenons que la narrativité des migrants en quête de papiers est en tant que telle confisquée. Ce serait bien plutôt par le mensonge que le migrant pourrait reconquérir son ipséité et exister comme une personne à part entière.
Approcher l’expérience vécue des suivis d’adolescents malades chroniques en santé mentale
Authors: Janner-Raimondi Martine , Depraz Nathalie
Published: November 2019

L’objet de cet article consiste à repérer les éléments constitutifs de la narration et de la compréhension de l’expérience du suivi d’un adolescent choisi par un professionnel du soin dans le cadre d’un dispositif d’urgence psychiatrique, à partir d’un ancrage en phénoménologie pragmatique. Après avoir précisé les spécificités de la maladie en période adolescente et la notion d’alliance thérapeutique corrélative à la prise en compte des familles, la méthodologie de recherche adoptée fait place à un double entretien en raison de leur complémentarité : le premier, appelé entretien existentiel permet d’accéder à la narration de moments du soin ; le second, nommé entretien d’explicitation micro-phénoménologique permet d’examiner les tenants et les aboutissants d’événements vécus davantage ciblés.
Des implicites politiques de la violence
Authors: Vollaire Christiane
Published: November 2019

Les récits de personnes en situation de migration sont trop souvent extorqués par des sollicitations à l’aveu, ou par la nécessité d’argumenter, auprès des autorités administratives, la recevabilité individuelle de leur demande d’asile. Mais en réalité, le non-dit du récit est bien plutôt celui des situations sociales qui le génèrent, du contexte historique et des enjeux collectifs dans lesquels il s’inscrit. Ici, c’est la parole d’une jeune femme camerounaise qui ouvre aux réalités de l’oppression politique, de l’exploitation du travail et de la violence faite aux femmes.
L’accueil de la parole : nécessité et enjeux de formation chez les futurs professionnels de l’accompagnement
Authors: Renaud Anaïs
Published: November 2019

Notre propos vise à interroger la notion de l’accueil de l’autre (son être, sa parole, l’histoire de sa vie) par les travailleurs sociaux et les soignants. À cette fin, nous nous appuierons sur l’héritage clinique de la psychothérapie institutionnelle pour montrer de quelle manière l’accueil constitue un fondement socio-historique et un enjeu politique majeur dans cette conception de l’accompagnement d’autrui. Par extension, nous verrons que, pour les professionnels du secteur médico-social, l’accueil de la parole de l’autre et de son récit constitue l’une des bases essentielles de leur pratique. À partir de ce constat, nous interrogerons la formation des professionnels du secteur médico-social au regard des apports de la recherche biographique, considérant que cette orientation peut utilement concourir à la construction d’une posture professionnelle éducative et soignante basée sur l’écoute et l’accueil du récit d’autrui.
Gilles et John
Authors: Oppel Jean-Hugues
Published: November 2019

Héritier et contributeur du néo-polar français, Jean-Hugues Oppel est l’auteur de nombreux romans noirs, parus notamment aux éditions Rivage, où la satire sociale se teinte souvent d’iconoclastie, le rapprochant du pastiche. Il porte sur les rouages du pouvoir et les dérives mercantiles des sociétés modernes un regard féroce et sans concession, toujours profondément empreint d’humanité. Il a collaboré à Mouvements à différentes reprises et nous livre, à l’occasion du numéro cent, une nouvelle où il dresse un tableau de son cru, plutôt sombre, de la situation sociale actuelle.
Bourgeoisie et politique, cet objet à la mode. Motifs de frustrations et raisons d’être optimiste
Authors: Geay Kevin
Published: November 2019

Paru en 2003, le numéro 26 de la revue Mouvements s’ouvrait sur le constat suivant : « le vocable de classes sociales a disparu du glossaire savant de la description des sociétés développées autant que du discours politique ordinaire ». Succédait à l’éditorial un article dans lequel Louis Chauvel et Franz Shultheis déploraient le « refoulement de la notion de classes » et l’écroulement de la production livresque sur le sujet 1 .
L’antiracisme politique et la classe
Authors: Assbague Sihame , Xelka Wissam , Bouamama Saïd , Guénif Nacira , Soumahoro Maboula , Simon Patrick , Talpin Julien
Published: November 2019

Il est fréquent de penser les dominations sous une forme hiérarchisée, les inégalités de classe étant supposées prédéterminer les autres. Cette tradition intellectuelle et politique a dû évoluer sous la critique du féminisme qui a réussi à pluraliser les modes de domination en ajoutant le genre à la classe. Mais la place de la race reste encore disputée, l’autonomie de la domination raciale étant toujours illégitime en France. Classe et race sont le plus souvent pensées en concurrence, comme s’il s’agissait de choisir un principe de hiérarchisation principal et un autre secondaire. Mouvements a réuni dans une table ronde des chercheur.ses et activistes dans le champ de l’antiracisme pour débattre de la place qu’occupe la classe dans leur approche des inégalités.
Écolo ou précaires ? La sobriété en actes dans le mouvement No TAV
Authors: Grisoni Anahita
Published: November 2019

Précarisation ne rime pas toujours avec indifférence écologique. Les activistes italien.nes du mouvement NoTAV, hostiles à la construction de la ligne de train à grande vitesse Lyon-Turin, dont Anahita Grisoni analyse les trajectoires, en témoignent. Leur capital culturel, d’origine familiale, sociale et universitaire, leur fournit les armes pour faire de nécessité vertu : pour elles et eux, il faut faire de la sobriété un choix. Plus que l’appartenance commune à des classes moyennes italiennes vouées au « précariat », c’est l’expérience générationnelle qui pèse et oriente la façon dont se tissent les liens entre rapport à l’argent, expériences de vie alternatives et revendication d’un territoire qu’il s’agit de défendre contre les « grands projets inutiles ».
Un exclu peut-il être citoyen ? Enjeux transnationaux et effets d’extraversion dans la construction des bio citoyennetés homosexuelles au Cameroun
Authors: Kojoué Larissa
Published: November 2019

Les liens entre la lutte contre le VIH/sida et les mobilisations homosexuelles dans le monde ont abondamment été démontrés. Cependant, peu d’études empiriques abordent ces mobilisations avec comme perspective une extension de la citoyenneté. L’objectif de cet article est de mettre en relief les mutations contemporaines de la société camerounaise à partir de l’inclusion sociale et politique d’acteurs criminalisés du fait de leur orientation et pratiques sexuelles. C’est la bio citoyenneté, ou citoyenneté thérapeutique, qui sert de cadre analytique car elle permet de mettre à jour des chaînes de relations entre différents faits, processus et circonstances qui concilient la condition biologique avec la reconnaissance des vies et de leur valeur comme êtres à considérer et à protéger. La citoyenneté biologique est la condition sociale, de même que le cadre politique qui symbolise la reconnaissance des droits des personnes homosexuelles. Cette reconnaissance est toutefois limitée au cadre qui l’a fait naître et lui permet d’exister (l’épidémie de VIH), l’enfermant (du moins pour l’instant) dans une trajectoire circonscrite et instable.
Comment sculpter l’espace thérapeutique dans l’intimité de la maison
Authors: Magnier Wilfrid , Cocquyt Jean-Yves , Magnier Julie
Published: November 2019

La situation de précarité économique de certaines familles bénéficiant d’une mesure de SAMAD nous a amenés à proposer la thérapie familiale à domicile. L’isolement social et géographique, le manque de revenus ne permettent pas aux familles demandeuses de se rendre dans les lieux de consultation. De fait, nous avons coconstruit une procédure d’intervention nommée « script thérapeutique improvisé ». Ce dernier propose, pour chaque séance, de sculpter les places de chacun afin que le système familial puisse explorer des situations nouvelles dans une ambiance sécure. Cette procédure thérapeutique permet à la fois de respecter l’intimité de la famille tout en créant un espace propice au changement.
Saddle and stirrup forces of equestrian riders in sitting trot, rising trot, and trot without stirrups on a riding simulator
Authors: Bye T.L. , Lewis V.
Published: November 2019

Studies into horse-saddle-rider interaction demonstrate that increased vertical forces on the horse’s back are potentially damaging to the musculoskeletal system, and any practice that could lead to this warrants investigation. The contribution of the stirrups in stabilising the bodyweight of the rider, and the effect of riding without stirrups on force distribution to the horse, has yet to be fully described in the literature. The current study therefore aimed to compare saddle and stirrup forces in three conditions; sitting trot, rising trot, and sitting trot without stirrups on the riding simulator. Fourteen amateur female riders of mean age 34.6±10 years participated in the study and 20 s of data were collected for saddle and stirrup force across the three conditions. Mean and peak forces were extracted from the data for total force under the whole saddle, left and right sides of the saddle separately, left and right stirrups, and both stirrups combined. Peak vertical saddle forces were significantly higher in sitting trot without stirrups than with (P=0.011). Higher mean and peak saddle forces were seen on the right-hand side in all conditions (P<0.001) and there was an overall tendency for higher left stirrup forces in both sitting and rising trot with this being significant for peak force in sitting trot (P=0.039). The higher forces recorded when trotting without stirrups indicate that the stirrups play an important role in controlling the vertical acceleration of the rider in relation to the horse, however further studies are needed on live horses before any specific recommendations can be made regarding training practices. Asymmetrical saddle forces have a potentially negative effect on the horse and future research should also aim to identify the underlying causes of these patterns of rider asymmetry to improve both horse welfare and performance.
Bioterrorism in the Simulation Laboratory: Preparing Students for the Unexpected
Authors: Doran Amy J. , Mulhall Margaret
Published: November 2019

Bioterrorism in the Simulation Laboratory: Preparing Students for the Unexpected

Bioterrorism is a content area that all nursing programs are trying to incorporate into their nursing curricula. Because most areas of the country have not experienced an act of bioterrorism, the teaching methods are often left to passive lecture content. Unless a bioterrorism attack occurs, nursing students will not have an opportunity to experience firsthand the consequences of such an attack and the nursing care of clients with an exposure. Teaching strategies using simulation, with recall of appropriate nursing interventions, have been found to prepare nursing students for clinical experience (Jeffries, 2005). [more...]
Using Simulation to Prepare Students for Interprofessional Work in the Community
Authors: Campbell Maureen , Themessl-Huber Markus , Mole Lesley
Published: November 2019

Using Simulation to Prepare Students for Interprofessional Work in the Community

Second-year nursing students are usually well prepared for the challenges of working in acute clinical settings but, from our experience, receive comparably little guidance regarding the demands of delivering interprofessional care in the community. It is crucial to develop effective teaching strategies that will prepare students for this complex challenge and to implement them before the students’ first placement in the community. [more...]
Superficial peroneal nerve compression due to peroneus brevis muscle herniation
Authors: Foresti Michele
Published: November 2019

Muscle hernias of the extremities most commonly occur in the leg, between the knee and ankle. Symptomatic muscle hernias in the leg are rare cause of chronic leg pain and neuropathy, and not routinely encountered in surgical practice. Although this condition is especially an esthetic problem, with palpable subcutaneous soft tissue mass, it can lead to spontaneous pain, cramp, local tenderness or potentially neuropathic symptoms. Moreover, among leg muscles involved in this process, peroneus brevis is less frequent than tibialis anterior. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the method of choice in establishing the diagnosis. Symptomatic cases can be treated surgically in different ways, the preferred one is nerve releasing with fasciotomy. The purpose of this case report is to present the Magnetic Resonance findings of a superficial nerve compression due to a peroneus brevis muscle herniation.
The Aggregate Implications of Regional Business Cycles
Authors: Beraja Martin , Hurst Erik , Ospina Juan
Published: November 2019

Making inferences about aggregate business cycles from regional variation alone is difficult because of economic channels and shocks that differ between regional and aggregate economies. However, we argue that regional business cycles contain valuable information that can help discipline models of aggregate fluctuations. We begin by documenting a strong relationship across U.S. states between local employment and wage growth during the Great Recession. This relationship is much weaker in U.S. aggregates. Then, we present a methodology that combines such regional and aggregate data in order to estimate a medium‐scale New Keynesian DSGE model. We find that aggregate demand shocks were important drivers of aggregate employment during the Great Recession, but the wage stickiness necessary for them to account for the slow employment recovery and the modest fall in aggregate wages is inconsistent with the flexibility of wages we observe across U.S. states. Finally, we show that our methodology yields different conclusions about the causes of aggregate employment and wage dynamics between 2007 and 2014 than either estimating our model with aggregate data alone or performing back‐of‐the‐envelope calculations that directly extrapolate from well‐identified regional elasticities.