bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS OF LATENT TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Belyan Zh. E. , Buynevich I. V. , Goponiako S. V.
Published: November 2021

The decoding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome opened new possibilities for the development of new diagnostic methods based on detection of antigen-specific immune response. New methods detecting the immune response to proteins which are mostly produced by actively propogating pathogenic microbacteriummake it possible to assess the risk for development of active tuberculosis in patients with latent tuberculosis as well as to prescribe preventive treatment. Their results may be used as a criterion for complex assessment of active tuberculosis and efficiency of anti-tuberculosis therapy.
ANALYSIS OF RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS OF PATHOGENS OF ENT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Kovalenko N. I. , Zamazii T. M. , Novikova I. V. , Taranenko G. P.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the dynamics of the detection of resistance to antibiotics of the infectious agents of the ENT organs in 2011 and 2016. Material and methods. The study of the sensitivity of microflora to antibiotics was performed by the diffusion method in agar (standard disk method) in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 167 dated 05.04.2007. Results. The study has found growth of the resistance of the bacterial flora isolated from the ENT organs to some fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin), aminopenicillins (ampicillin, amoxicillin), macrolides (azithromycin) maintaining its sensitivity to meropenem, tygecycline and cephalosporins, especially to cephoperazone, ceftriaxone, and cephepime. Conclusion. Active antibiotic therapy over the past five years has led to a sharp decrease in the sensitivity of the pathogens of ENT infectious diseases to traditional drugs used for empirical therapy. It is necessary to monitor the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics in each region in order to determine the tendency of resistance of the leading etiological agents to antibiotics.
THE EFFECT OF LONG-TERM INTAKE OF ATORVASTATIN AND 1-CHOLECALCIFEROL ON THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD COMPLEXES OF LABORATORY RATS
Authors: Osuchuk S. S. , Yakovleva O. S.
Published: November 2021

Object: to study the physical and chemical properties of the lipoprotein complexes of rats` blood in the long-term administration of statins and vitamin D. Material and methods. The experiment was performed on 4 experimental groups of rats for 90 days: 1 - intact; 2 - placebo; 3 - intragastric administration of atorvastatin; 4 - intragastric administration of atorvastatin with α-calcidol. The lipoprotein blood complexes were isolated by the method of differential ultracentrifugation. The microflow and microviscosity of the lipoprotein complexes were determined using pyrene. Results. The placebo group revealed an increase of the micropolarity of the total lipid pool of VLDL and a decrease of the microviscosity of the annulary pool of LDL and HDL. The administration of atorvastatin reduces the microviscosity of HDL. The combined application of atorvastatin and α-calcidol reduces the microviscosity of HDL. Conclusion. We have drawn a conclusion about the complex effect of stress, atorvastatin, and α-calcidol on the physical and chemical properties of the lipoprotein blood complexes and a conclusion about the positive effect of atorvastatin and α-calcidol on the microviscosity of HDL.
THE MICROBIOLOGICAL STATUS OF WATER IN WATER BODIES OF THE CITY OF GOMEL AND GOMEL REGION OVER 2013-2016
Authors: Degtyaryova E. I. , Naumenko E. M. , Sotnikova V. V. , Volchek V. S.
Published: November 2021

During the sanitary and microbiological studies of water samples from open water objects located in the city of Gomel and Gomel region it has been found that the number of water samples containing E. coli is growing each subsequent year, which points to the poor sanitary state of these objects. A high correlation between the pairs «air temperature» and «proportion of positive samples» has been revealed.The obtained data indicate that the higher the daily (night) temperature is, the higher the content of microbiota is in water bodies.Positive trends of increasing amount of the organic matter in the water samples from the water bodies were revealed over the period of the research.
THE INFLUENCE OF DESTRUCTIVE GROUPS ON THE MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEENAGERS THROUGH SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Hmara N. V. , Khilkevich S. O. , Levkovsky R. V. , Kovalenko D. A. , Gorodetskya L. N.
Published: November 2021

The article considers the effect of destructive groups on the psychic of teenagers through social networks and presents a clinical case of a female patient who came under the influence of such a group.
A CLINICAL CASE OF POLYARTERITIS NODOSA
Authors: Bakalets N. F. , Pronevich A. V.
Published: November 2021

Polyarteritis nodosa refers to the group of systemic vasculitides affecting small and medium arteries. It is characterized by inflammation of the vascular wall with the development of aneurysmus and thrombosis. The article presents a rare clinical case of polyarteritis nodosa, which has not been diagnosed for a long time and gives the description of the diagnostic search, performance of differential diagnosis as a result of which the diagnosis of systemic vasculitis has been defined.
Atomic force microscopy of cells as a method for the study of the pathogenesis and AS THE basis for the development of methods of DISEASE DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Starodubtseva M. N.
Published: November 2021

The application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) for the study of micro- and nanoscale areas of the cell surface allows researchers to introduce new cell parameters and to obtain qualitatively new notions about the causes and mechanisms of changes of the cell properties. The aim of the work was to assess the prospects of AFM of cells using the example of blood cells for the study and development of new methods of disease diagnosis based on the specificity of AFM modes of operation and the recent AFM data on the cell surface properties.
THE COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SURGICAL SUTURE MATERIAL
Authors: Kniaziuk A. S. , Bontsevich D. N. , Shevchenko N. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to carry out the comparative assessment of the intensity and duration of the antibacterial effect of monofilament polypropylene and polyfilament threads made of polyglycolic acid modified with antibiotic-containing coating. Material and methods. The antibacterial activity of thread samples containing an antibacterial preparation from the group of fluoroquinolones against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and its dynamics after soaking the threads in isotonic sodium chloride solution for 18 days with a daily change of the solution were studied.The comparative analysis of other antibacterial threads was carried out. Results. The new biologically active surgical suture material based on polypropylene and polyglycolic acid modified with fluoroquinolone-containing coating has a pronounced and prolonged antibacterial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa . Conclusion. The new biologically active surgical suture has proved to be more effective than some known antibacterial threads
THE POTENTIAL OF THE MEANS OF RADIATION IMAGING IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND SPECIFICATION OF THE DEGREEOF GENITAL PROLAPSE
Authors: Nechiporenko A. S. , Mikhailov A. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective :to evaluate the efficiency of the means of radiation imaging in the diagnosis of genital prolapse. Material and methods . The work presents the data of the complex analysis of the results of examination of 83 female patients with different clinical degrees of genital prolapse by means of excretory and retrograde cystography, MRI, and CT. Results . The article presents the results of static and dynamic MRI of the pelvis, as well as CT of the pelvis in patients with genital prolapse, and gives the evaluation of the informative value of these methods in the diagnosis of this disease. Conclusion . MRI and CT of the pelvis play a leading role in the documentation diagnosis of genital prolapse and clarification of its degree.
THE Role of neuropeptides in the Pathogenesis of LIGAMENTO- and tendinopathies and their possible impact on TYPE of sonographic PATTERN
Authors: Yurkovskiy A. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess (according to the literature data) the role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of ligamento- and tendinopathies as well as their possible impact on formation of an abnormal sonographic pattern. Material and methods. Analysis of publications containing information about histopathology and radiation semiotics of injuries of ligaments and tendons which are stored in PubMed resources and the Russian news portal eLIBRARY.RU. Results. The possible role of neuropeptides in formation of changes that may be revealed by imaging methods in ligamento- and tendinopathies has been defined. Conclusion. It is rational to study the role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of ligamento- and tendinopathies in the future in order to clarify their role in the formation and dynamics of changes revealed by imaging methods.
PREVALENCE AND STRUCTURE OF HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS IN CHILDREN IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Authors: Mitsura E. F. , Volkova L. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the prevalence and structure of hemolytic anemias (HA) in children in the Republic of Belarus over the period 2005-2016. Material and methods . Absolute and intensive indicators (per 100,000 children) were assessed according to the data of official statistical reports: the number of HA cases detected at the age of 0-17, newly diagnosed cases of HA over the current year, the number of children with HA who are on dispensary registration by the end of the year. These indicators were estimated in the Republic of Belarus as a whole and separately by regions and age groups. Results . The average incidence rate of HA in the Republic of Belarus from 2005 to 2016 was 12.9 per 100,000 children, the number of newly registered cases was 1.8 per 100,000 children. From 2005 to 2016 there was an increase in the incidence rate of pediatric HA (average annual growth rate of 2.4% per year, rs = + 0.825, p = 0.001). The highest incidence rates of HA in children were in Vitebsk, Minsk, and Grodno regions. The growth of the morbidity was the most pronounced in Minsk, Gomel, and Vitebsk regions. The highest values of newly diagnosed cases of HA per 100,000 people were recorded in Grodno and Vitebsk regions, and the lowest was in the city Minsk. Most newly diagnosed cases of HA were registered in children of the first year of life (38.4% of cases, incidence of 11.3 per 100,000 people in this age group) and in children aged 1-4 (30.3%, incidence 2.3 per 100,000). In the structure of newly identified cases of HA, hereditary spherocytosis (51.6%), autoimmune HA (18.8%) and thalassemia (12.5%) were predominant. The etiology of HA remains unspecified in 10.9% of cases. The prevalence of hereditary spherocytosis in Belarus is much lower than the expected one, whereas the prevalence of autoimmune HA is higher than that in the European region. Conclusion. The increase in the incidence rate of HA in children and their inadequate record point to the necessity of improvement of HA diagnostic means.
INNOVATIONS IN MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Authors: Khalapsina T. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze information about intellectual property objects of medical purpose created at Gomel State Medical University over 1996-2017. Material and methods .Audit of intellectual property objects of the institution; analytical processing and patent statistics of scientific medical information; visualization of results of patent analysis. Conclusion. The information presented in the article is a result of the analysis of medical scientific information which is contained in the patent portfolio of Gomel State Medical University. It enables to increase efficiency of solutions of problems of intellectual property security and management in the institution and is intended for making management decisions on introduction of innovative solutions into practice, and eventually it is aimed at the promotion of public health and quality of healthcare.
VASCULAR EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME IN A 38-YEAR-OLD WOMAN
Authors: Malayeva E. G. , Karpenko E. E. , Tsitko E. V.
Published: November 2021

Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a rare inherited autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue caused by a mutation in the procollagen III gene (COL3A1 gene). Among all the types of the disease the vascular type involves ~5-10% of cases. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and mutations in the COL3A1 gene. The treatment of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is symptomatic, there is no specific treatment.
FEATURES OF EXPRESSION OF THE KI-67PROLIFERATION MARKER AS A FIXATIONQUALITY INDICATOR IN BREAST CANCER
Authors: Krylov Yu. V. , Krylov A. Yu. , Mlyaviy A. N. , Yanchenko U. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the opportunity of using the localization features of the Ki-67 proliferation marker in tumor samples with delayed fixation as an indicator of poor-quality fixation in breast cancer. Material and methods . The material of the study was 9 tumors diagnosed with breast cancer removed during surgery which were divided into 3 parts. One piece was for control, in the two other pieces fixations were delayed for 6 and 12 hours. The standard immunohistochemical study of HER2, ER, PR and Ki-67 with DAKO reagents (Denmark) was carried out. Result. Ki-67 appeared in the stroma in the form of small granules and artificial fissures were present in the invasive component of the tumor in the 6-hour delayed fixation. In the 12-hour delayed fixation, these changes were more pronounced. A decrease in the degree of HER2 expression was observed in all the cases of the delayed fixation. Changes in the quantitative indices (%) of ER and PR expression were less unambiguous. Conclusion. The presence of Ki-67 in the mammary tumor stroma can be a sign of poor-quality fixation in the testing of the material received for the immunohistochemical examination. Poor-quality fixation distorts the results of the immunohistochemical study of the surgical material.
SELECTION OF AN ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUE IN SURGICAL OPERATIONS OF CONGENITAL DISORDERS OF THE URINOGENITAL SYSTEM IN CHILDREN
Authors: Karamyshev A. M. , Iliukevich G. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to carry out comparative assessment of effectiveness of different techniques of combined anesthesia in surgical correction of congenital disorders of the urinogenital system by means of the analysis of changes of integrative hemodynamic parameters. Material and methods . 116 patients were divided into 3 clinical groups depending on the type of ananesthetic aid. In the first group (40 patients), surgeries were performed under multicomponent balanced inhalation anesthesia, in the second group (42 patients) - under common inhalation anesthesia in combination with caudal blockade with solution of local anesthetic and patients of the third group (34 patients) were operated under common inhalation anesthesia with caudal blockade with solution of local anesthetic and an adjuvant.The calculation of the integrative hemodynamic parameters at 8 surgery stages (K-1 and K-2) was made for different techniques of anesthesia. Results. We have revealed statistically significant differences in the studied parameters of hemodynamics at certain stages of the perioperational period corresponding to the beginning of the surgery and its most traumatic stage in both the clinical groups, which reasoned in favor of more efficient blockade of painful sensitivity in the application of caudal analgesia. The technique of combined anesthesia with application of the combination of local anesthetic solutions and an adjuvant during surgical correction of congenital disorder of the urinogenital system in children has appeared to be the most efficient and adequate, which has been indicated by the studied hemodynamic parameters.
EXPERIENCE OF TARGETED ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY IN A PATIENT WITH MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME
Authors: Tochilo S. A. , Nikiforova Yu. G.
Published: November 2021

Objective : to analyze our own experience and literature data on the use of targeted antibacterial therapy in a patient with severe pneumonia and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Materials. The work presents a clinical case of successful treatment of a patient with community-acquired pneumonia, sepsis, and MODS, caused by multidrug resistant pathogens. Targeted antibiotic therapy was used during the treatment of the patient. Discussion . We have done a review of the literature and our own data on the antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia. The targeted antibacterial therapy in severe patients having a multidrug-resistant flora and MODS has the following features: it includes several drugs, is administered by courses, is often combined with antimycotic drugs, antibacterial drugs can be used via inhalation. The evaluation of clinical data, blood counts, as well as indicators of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and cholesterol provide substantial assistance during the monitoring of the therapy effectiveness. Conclusion. Among all the components of intensive care in a patient with community-acquired pneumonia, sepsis, and MODS, etiotropic therapy plays a leading role.
Structural diversity of erythrocytes in patients with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Starodubtseva M. N. , Mitsura E. F. , Chelnokova I. A. , Kondrachuk A. N. , Yegorenkov N. I.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study the shape of erythrocytes and structure of their surface layer including the membrane and cytoskeleton (actin-spectrin network) in child patients with hereditary spherocytosis. Material and methods. The methods of optic and atomic-force microscopy were used in the study. Results. A variety of erythrocyte shapes with such prevalent types as discocytes, spherocytes, and echinocytes were revealed in the blood of the patients. The surface of certain cells contained microvesicules. The spatial heterogeneity of the structure of mechanical property maps of the cell surface layer was detected. Conclusion. The diversity of erythrocyte features in patients with hereditary spherocytosis is present both at the level of the cell shapes and at the level of the structure of mechanical property maps of their surface layer.
Л. И. ИЛЬИН, И. П. КОРЕНКОВ, Б. Я. НАРКЕВИЧ РАДИАЦИОННАЯ ГИГИЕНА. - М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2017. - 416 с
Authors: Lizykov A. N. , Bortnovskiy V. N.
Published: November 2021

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DYNAMICS OF BLOOD CORTISOL LEVELS IN ABDOMINAL AORTIC SURGERY IN CONDITIONS OF MULTICOMPONENT WELL-BALANCED ANESTHESIA
Authors: Osipenko D. V. , Skorohodova A. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to evaluate expression of stress hormonal response in reconstructive abdominal aortic surgery. Material and methods. The level of blood cortisol in patients operated for stenosing disorders and atherosclerotic aneurisms of the infrarenal aorta has been studied. Results. The patients recorded a statistically significant increase of the cortisol level during the stage of the clamping of the aorta - by 1.98 times in comparison with the preoperative one; during the stage of termination of the operation the level of blood serum cortisol did not show a statistically significant change and stayed to be increased by 1.79 times. Conclusion . The increase of the blood serum cortisol from 340.84 nmol/l at the admission of a patient into an operating theatre up to 676.19 nmol/l 3-5 minutes later after the clamping of the aorta and up to 613.51 nmol/l at the end of the operational intervention is a stress-norm in abdominal aortic surgery in conditions of multicomponent well-balanced anesthesia with application of propofol and fentanyl.
DIABETIC ENTEROPATHY
Authors: Yarmolenko O. A. , Malayeva E. G. , Khudyakov I. A. , Menshakova M. N. , Kobruseva L. A.
Published: November 2021

Diabetic enteropathy is a rarely diagnosed complication of diabetes mellitus. According to literature sources, most researchers note an association of this complication with the manifestation of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. The main clinical manifestations of diabetic enteropathy are: disrupted peristaltic activity of the small intestine, excessive bacterial growth, diarrhea, and steatorrhea. The article describes a clinical case of diabetic enteropathy in a young patient, which developed 8 years after diabetes mellitus type 1 had been diagnosed.
TORQUE TENO VIRUS: PREVALENCE AND FEATURES OF PCR ANALYSIS
Authors: Osipkina O. V. , Voropayev E. V. , Mitsura V. M. , Zyatkov A. A. , Tereshkov D. V. , Perevolotskaya T. V. , Perevolotskiy A. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to study features of PCR analysis of TTV ( Torque teno virus ) viruses and their prevalence in patients with chronic liver diseases and in relatively healthy individuals. Material and methods. To conduct the research, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), electrophoretic detection, and statistical method were applied. 212 patients with chronic liver diseases and 125 relatively healthy individuals were examined. Results. TTV, TTMV and TTMDV DNAs in the main and control groups were detected. The data of absolute values, relative frequencies (confidence interval - 95% CI) of DNA detection of TTV, TTMDV, TTMV viruses and their various combinations in the control and main groups of patients are given. Conclusion. The work shows the predominance of mixed infections: TTV, TTMDV and TTMV DNAs were detected in 67 % and 72 % patients of the main and control groups, respectively. The combination of TTV + TTMV viruses was detected in 15.6 % patients of the main and in 12 % patients of the control group. Other combinations, as well as mono-infection of TTMDV and TTMV, were considerably less common and were only single instances. The absence of TTV, TTMV, TTMDV or their combinations in human organism is rare, the frequency of DNA detection of at least one of these viruses in the main and control groups is 95.3% and 89.6%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference.
SUBSTANTIATION OF APPLICATION OF THE PROGRAM-INFORMATIVE SYSTEM «SVBI-PRO» IN NEUROLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Nekrasova N. A. , Grygorova I. A. , Tretyak V. V.
Published: November 2021

The development of the information-consultative system «SVBI-pro» has been substantiated by the results of examination of 240 patients with verified diagnosis of spondylogenic vertebrobasilar insufficiency (sVBI). Its application ensures decreased terms and volume of examination and at the same time increases availability of sVBI diagnosis. The efficacy of the information-consultative system «SVBI-pro» was studied by the inverse method on 136 young persons without neurological pathology and 240 patients with verified sVBI (І stage - 104, ІІ stage - 76, ІІІ stage - 60 patients). It has been found out that sVBI was diagnosed in 7 out of 136 healthy persons according to the results of the algorithmic evaluation of the «SVBI-pro» system (the error of hyperdiagnostics is 5.1 %), and 32 patients out of 240 with verified sVBI were identified by the «SVBI-pro» system as healthy persons (the error of hyperdiagnostics is 13.3 %).
THE NEUROPATHIC COMPONENT OF PAIN SYNDROME IN OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Savarina V. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to access (according to data of literature references) mechanisms of development of neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis and methods of its management. Material and methods. Analysis of publications containing information on neuropathic pain in osteoarthritis which are stored on the PubMed resource and the Russian information portal eLIBRARU.RU. Results. The pathogenesis of neuropathic pain of various localization in osteoarthritis has been determined, methods of its treatment have been studied. Conclusion. The work draws an inference that it is requisite to develop a more thorough approach to the treatment of pain in osteoarthritis and assessment of its effectiveness and safety.
MODERN APPROACHES TO BREAST CANCER TREATMENT (by the proceedings of St. Gallen International Breast Cancer Conference, 2017)
Authors: Ganusevich O. N. , Nesterovich T. N. , Fedorkevich I. V.
Published: November 2021

Treatment of breast cancer (BC) remains to be a topical worldwide issue as the annual BC incidence rate continues to increase by 20 %, and the mortality rate - by 14 %. To develop the most optimal treatment method for each patient, it is necessary to rely not only on the extent to which the tumorous process has spread, but at times more importantly, on the biological subtype of the tumor. This allows to improve the long-term results of the treatment (higher general and relapse-free survival rates), to expand the potential for organ-preserving treatment, to reduce frequency of postoperative complications, to achieve better aesthetic results, and, accordingly, a better quality of the patient’s life. Since 2017 the indications for radiation and drug therapy for some BC types have been curtailed, and on the contrary the indications for drug therapy (targeted therapy and chemotherapy) for aggressive forms (triple negative, HER2-positive and some types of luminal B-like cancer) have been broadened, which is endorsed in international guidelines on BC treatment.
THE CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND SURVIVAL POTENTIAL OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND EXPRESSED DYSFUNCTION OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE AFTER SURGERY OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Shatova O. G. , Kurlianskaya A. K. , Denisevich T. L. , Ostrovskiy J. P.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the clinical, hemodynamic, laboratory efficiency and survival potential of patients having undergone plastic repair of atrioventricular valves. Material and methods . Patients with functional class (FC) III and IV chronic heart failure (CHF) according to NYHA (New York Heart Association - Functional Classification), who had undergone plastic repair of atrioventricular valves, were included in the study. Results. The study has found that the return of mitral regurgitation after mitral valve repair in patients is associated with their age, 4 degree and volume of mitral regurgitation of more than 42 ml before the surgery. Conclusion . The results obtained during the study allow to draw a conclusion that surgical reconstruction of atrioventricular valves contributes to a longer life expectancy and enhances quality of life of patients. Furthermore, it makes it possible to postpone heart transplantation and thus may be regarded as «a surgical bridge» to othotopic heart transplantation.
Cerebral Circulation Disorders as a Medical and Social Problem
Authors: Ivantsov O. A.
Published: November 2021

The article presents scientific data of overseas and national researchers engaged in the study of cerebral circulation disorders. Growing incidence rate of the disease and severity of outcomes indicate that currently this pathology is not only a medical and social, but also an economic problem.
Interrelation of Alexithymia and Affective and Personal Properties in Persons Dependent on Alcohol
Authors: Grigorieva I. V. , Skugarevskaya M. M. , Trushchenko M. N. , Adamchuk T. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to define interrelation of alexithymia and affective and personal properties in persons dependent on alcohol. Material and methods. 41 patients with alcohol dependence syndrome were under observation. The method of complex medical rehabilitation was applied during work with patients with alcohol dependence syndrome and disturbance of mood. The following techniques were used: the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20); the Hospital scale of anxiety and a depression (HADS); the Beck Hopelessness Scale; the Existence Scale by A. Längle; the Level of Subjective Control (LSC); the Scale of diagnostics of frustration of a bipolar range (BSDS). Results. Alexithymia in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome is directly interconnected with anxiety as per the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, with the Beck Hopelessness Scale (R = 0.55; p = 0.02), which shows growing self-dissociation in alcohol dependent persons, reveals interrelations of all the alexithymia scales with the subscales of the Existence Scale technique, indicates a direct link of the Beck Hopelessness Scale with the subscales of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (R = 0.56; p = 0.022) and “externally focused thinking” (R = 0.57; p = 0.02). Thus, expressed negative attitude of dependent persons to their own future is directly connected with inability to identify their own feelings. Conclusion. Alcohol dependent persons reveal a high rate of alexithymia, which has interrelations with anxiety, depression, existential sensibleness, level of subjective control. Application of complex medical rehabilitation is effective in respect of decreasing the alexithymia rate and affective disorders, increasing consciousness and self-expression of feelings in persons dependent on alcohol.
The Clinical Aspects of Energy Balance Disorders in Physical Excercise
Authors: Brel Yu. I.
Published: November 2021

Nowadays a lot of attention is drawn to the study of clinical and practical aspects of the effect of energy deficiency on the organism during physical exercise, especially because of the negative consequences of energy balance disorders on sportsmen`s health. This review of literature deals with the present-day notions about the functional disorders associated with inadequate energy supply during intense physical exercise in sportsmen.
The Atypical Course of Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Grekova Z. V. , Malaeva E. G. , Tsyrulnikova A. N. , Churina M. V. , Bolduzeva S. A. , Menshakova M. N. , Khudyakov I. A.
Published: November 2021

The article presents the description of a clinical case of myocardial infarction in combination with an acute disorder of cerebral circulation, analyzes the literary sources and clinical data, as well as gives some guidelines for the management of patients with this disease.
The Positional Test in Transvaginal Ultrasound in Women with the Physiological Course of Pregnancy
Authors: Kaplan Yu. D. , Zakharenkova T. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess and describe the characteristics of the changes in the cervix uteri according to the data of transvaginal ultrasound conducted in lying and standing body positions in women with the physiological course of pregnancy. Material and methods. Dynamic transvaginal ultrasound of the cervix uteri was performed in two body positions (lying and standing) in 30 women with the physiological course of pregnancy and subsequent urgent labor. Results. The changes in the length of the isthmic and cervical region occur due to different anatomical segments, at different time and at different velocity. The changes in the utero-cervical angle related to the changes of body positions at the term of 28 weeks of gestation are associated with the formation of the lower segment and redistribution of pressure on it by the presenting part of the fetus. Shortly before birth, the cervix uteri is centralized. The changes in body positions of patients does not lead to significant changes in the frequency of occurrence of T- and Y-shaped internal os. Conclusion . The reference values of the parameters of the cervix uteri found by transvaginal ultrasound in the standing position were revealed and described in the women with the physiological course of pregnancy.
The Pleoitropic Effects of Atorvastatin in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: the Influence on the Indicators of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Sholkova M. V. , Dotsenko E. A. , Burakov I. I. , Goncharik A. V. , Ibragimova Zh. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to evaluate the dynamics of the markers of oxidative stress in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during the application of atorvastatin. Material and methods. The study included 52 COPD patients with concomitant hyperlipidemia. The main group (n = 30) were given atorvastatin at a dosage of 20 mg per day in addition to the standard COPD treatment. The comparison group (n = 22) only underwent the standard COPD treatment. The patients were monitored for 24 weeks. The levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde were evaluated for the assessment of oxidative stress. Results. In the group of the patients taking atorvastatin, the level of superoxide dismutase decreased from 949 [608; 1042] units/ml initially to 406 [319; 478] u/ml after 24 weeks (p = 0.035). The levels of catalase and malondialdehyde did not change significantly both in the experimental and comparison groups. Conclusion. The intake of atorvastatin decreases the level of superoxide dismutase, which may indicate a decrease in the level of oxidative stress in COPD patients.
Grafts Used for Spine Fusion Formation
Authors: Rozhyn V. V. , Kirilenko S. I. , Nadirov E. A. , Nikolaev V. I.
Published: November 2021

The choice of optimal graft is the basis for successful spine fusion formation. In article reviewed different graft with their positive and negative features.
Molecular Genetic Markers of Senescence: Current State of the Problem and Prospects for Development
Authors: Zyatkov A. A. , Baranov O. Y.
Published: November 2021

According to the postulates in biology and medicine, an irreversible violation of any of the elements of a functional system inevitably leads to senescence and destruction of its entire integrity. At the same time, the phenotypic manifestation of the final stages of degradation is similar and due to the peculiarities of the structural and functional organization of living species. Based on this, the established list of symptoms describing age-related changes in the human body is currently applied in medical practice, which allows determining both the physiological status of patients and the development of necessary therapeutic measures. At the same time, the use of any universal approach to diagnose the occurrence and genesis of the processes of senescence is ineffective, which is associated with a wide range of factors and mechanisms causing this type of pathogenetic disorders. For this reason, for many decades, one of the main tasks of gerontology has been a comprehensive analysis of the process of senescence. The result of such large-scale studies was the emergence of a significant number of theories explaining the causes and mechanisms of aging. This review considers a number of theories of aging that have received extensive experimental confirmation and recognition in world practice: free-radical, telomeric, apoptotic, and genetic.
Optimization of Prenatal Screening for Developmental Lung Anomalies
Authors: Chukanov A. N. , Tikhonenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to determine the list of ultrasound criteria for normal development of the fetal lung, the use of which will make it possible to identify lung malformations in the fetus effectively, as well as to predict the development of lung hypoplasia in the newborn. Material of the research. The fetuses of singleton pregnancy in 1570 female patients of Minsk during the gestation period of 20-37 weeks. Results. The minimum list of the ultrasound criteria for the features of the lung development, which should be used for screening ultrasound examinations of pregnant women aimed at the detection of congenital lung malformations of the fetus, has been determined. The work indicates cases which require additional measurement of the lung volume of the fetus, the most optimal method for which is to use the VOCAL software package during three-dimensional sonography or direct measurement by MRI. The measurement data for the percentile values of the fetal lung volume taking into account the regional biometric features, as well as the percentile measurement data for the quantity of amniotic fluid have been determined. Conclusion. The minimum list of the ultrasound criteria for adequate lung development, the use of which during the screening ultrasound examinations of pregnant women will make it possible to detect congenital lung malformations of the fetus with high sensitivity, includes such characteristics as parenchyma homogeneity, diaphragm position, fluid in the pleural cavity, and the presence of fluid movement through the airways. The prenatal prediction of the development of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns requires direct measurement of the lung volume by means of the volumetric calculation program of three-dimensional sonography or MRI, followed by the assessment of the results using the tables of the regional percentile values, developed by the authors. Also, in cases of oligohydramnios, to make such a prediction, it is necessary to assess the quantity of amniotic fluid using the tables of the regional percentile values, developed by the authors.
The Application of Swot Analysis in a Healthcare Institution During the Implementation of Teleconsulting
Authors: Moroz I. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the potential of a healthcare institution for the implementation of teleconsulting aimed at the provision of primary medical care to population using the SWOT analysis. Material and methods. The method of expert estimations, method of SWOT analysis, sociological, statistical methods were employed during the research. The object of the research was the health care institution «Ostrovets Central District Hospital», and the work was done together with the primary care specialists. The facilities and activities of Ostrovets Central District Hospital over 2013-2017 were analyzed. Results. The potential of the health care institution for the implementation of teleconsulting aimed at the provision of primary medical care to population using the SWOT analysis has been assessed. It has been shown that the method of SWOT analysis can be used by the head of the healthcare institution for strategic planning and management. The stages of the research and SWOT analysis during the implementation of teleconsulting in the provision of primary health care have been described. Conclusion: The application of SWOT analysis made it possible to substantiate the strategy of management decision for the implementation of teleconsulting in the activities of the healthcare institution.
Multicentric Castleman Disease
Authors: Shcherbakova E. N. , Malayeva E. G. , Ostapova E. V.
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the discussion of the specific features of Castleman disease, a clinical case of its multicentric variant, and analyzes the patient`s case report, the clinical data and results of the laboratory and instrumental methods of research.
Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus in Female Patients with Localized Scleroderma
Authors: Poroshina L. A. , Rublevskaya E. I. , Achinovich S. L.
Published: November 2021

The article presents up-to-date literary data on the etiopathogenesis, prevalence of lichen sclerosus, defines the clinical manifestations and classification of the disease, and considers the issues of its diagnosis and treatment. The article also describes 3 clinical cases of genital lesions in female patients with localized scleroderma. In our opinion, lichen sclerosus is one of the forms of localized scleroderma.
Diagnostic Tactics in the Absence of Ultrasound Images of the Gallbladder
Authors: Chukanov A. N. , Tikhonenko I. V.
Published: November 2021

Objective: determine the optimal checklist of diagnostic procedures, whose application will make it possible to effectively identify and differentiate malformations of the biliary system of the fetus accompanied by the absence of ultrasound imaging of the gallbladder. Material . The fetuses in single-fetal pregnancy in the period of gestation of 16-37 weeks were examined. Results. The study has determined the optimal checklist of the diagnostic procedures, including dynamic sonography, biochemical amniotic fluid test, magnetic resonance imaging, which should be carried out in the absence of ultrasound imaging of the gallbladder during the screening ultrasound examination of pregnant women aimed at the identification of the congenital malformations of the fetus. The cases and conditions of the biochemical amniotic fluid testing have been identified. The standards of the percentile values of the total alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase concentrations in amniotic fluid have been developed. Conclusion. If the gall bladder of the fetus cannot be visualized by ultrasound, isolated agenesis of the gall bladder, atresia of the biliary tract, cystic fibrosis, aneuploidy, multiple congenital malformations should be suspected. In view of the extremely unfavorable prognosis in case of biliary atresia, the verification ultrasound examination should be repeated dynamically several times over the next week, and if the gallbladder is not detected, then for the differential diagnosis it is necessary to use additional methods such as MRI and biochemical amniotic fluid test in order to determine changes in their concentration of digestive enzymes in comparison with the normative values determined by the authors.
Flaviviridae — addition to the family
Authors: Kruglov I. V.
Published: November 2021

This review article analyzes and summarizes the history of the replenishment of the family Flaviviridae with new members over the last several decades on the example of the youngest genera of this family - Hepacivirus and Pegivirus .

It all started in 1966 when surgeon George Barker, who had hepatitis, had blood serum taken in containing an unknown virus. This virus was named GBV , by patient initials. Samples of the serum were frozen. A nucleic acid recognized as corresponding to the genomes of 2 separate virus species was isolated from the tested material in 1995. These viruses were named GBV-A and GBV-B . By this time, the hepatitis C virus had already been discovered, which was assigned to the Flaviviridae family, where a separate, third genus of Hepacivirus was allocated for it.

In 2010, a more distantly related virus (named GBV-D ) was found in bats (Indian flying fox - lat. Pteropus giganteus ). GBV-B , which causes acute hepatitis in experimentally infected tamarines, became the second species in the genus Hepacivirus to company with hepatitis C virus. The remaining GB viruses based on phylogenetic relation-ships, genome organization, and pathogenetic properties were proposed in 2011 to be classified as members of the fourth genus in the Flaviviridae family. This genus was named Pegivirus (pe - persistence, g - GB).

11 species of viruses have now been identified in the genus Pegivirus . They are indicated by letters in the order of the Latin alphabet - from Pegivirus A to Pegivirus K. And 14 species of viruses have now been identified in the genus Hepacivirus . So the story of the investigation, which began in 1966 with the discovery of the previously unknown GBV virus, has so far concluded with the discovery of two new genera of the family Flaviviridae. Numerous members of these two genera infect and also persist among a wide range of species belonging to different orders of the mammalian class, including Homo Sapiens .
Analysis of the Incidence of Circulatory System Diseases in the Able-Bodied Population of Gomel over 2002-2017
Authors: Budnik Ya. I. , Koliada I. N. , Sharshakova T. M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the incidence of circulatory system diseases in the ablebodied population of Gomel over 2002-2017.

Material and methods. The information materials of the Gomel Regional Department of National Statistics, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Belarus, were used for the work. The statistical analysis of the study results was performed on a personal computer with the use of the program «Microsoft Excel», 2016.

Results. We have studied the features of deviations in the rates and structure of the incidence of circulatory system diseases recorded in the public health institutions. It has been established that over the past decade there has been an increase in the incidence rate of circulatory system diseases in the ablebodied population of Gomel.

Conclusion. The increased prevalence of circulatory system diseases calls forth the necessity to develop new organizational approaches to its prophylaxis.
Analysis of Autopsy Results in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis over 2015-2018
Authors: Mitsura V. M. , Skuratov A. G. , Savarina V. A. , Tereshkov D. V. , Poddubny A. A.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to analyze the mortality structure of patients with liver cirrhosis over 2015-2018 in Gomel.

Material and methods. A retrospective cohort analysis of 130 findings of postmortem autopsy of patients with liver cirrhosis has been performed (data of the departments of Gomel Regional Pathology Bureau at Gomel Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital, Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 3 and Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 2, 2015-2018). The age and gender structure of the patients, etiology and cause of death were analyzed. The data were entered and analyzed in MS Excel, 2010.

Results. Most frequently, the patients with cirrhosis die at 50-59 and usually of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), gastrointestinal bleeding, and acute posthemorrhagic anemia. Non-viral hepatitis as a cause of cirrhosis is more prevalent (61.5 %) than viral hepatitis, while the etiology for more than a third of the cirrhosis cases (38.5 %) is not determined. Most of the patients who died were of the working age (67.7 %) and mainly males (56.2 %). More than a third of the patients (38.5 %) had been dependent on alcohol, while only 11.5 % patients had been dia nosed with alcohol related cirrhosis.

Conclusion. Thus, liver cirrhosis is still a socially topical issue for young ablebodied people. There remains a tendency to underestimate the alcoholic etiology of cirrhosis, as well as the uncertainty of the etiology of a significant part of detected cirrhosis cases.
Role of Psychoemotional Disorders in Pregnant Women in the Development of a Prolonged Second Period of Labor
Authors: Kalachev V. N. , Zakharenkova T. N.
Published: November 2021

Objective: to assess the value of the psychoemotional state of pregnant women in the development of a prolonged second period of labor.

Material and methods. 76 pregnant women were examined. In 26 women, childbirth was complicated by a prolonged second period of labor, and they constituted the main group. The control group included 50 women who had physiologic birth. The psychoemotional state was analyzed using the Spielberg test and the test of a pregnant woman's attitudes.

Results. There were some differences between the groups in terms of the tendency in the levels of personal anxiety and occurrence of high situational anxiety. The Spielberg test has revealed more «positive» affirmative answers than «negative» ones. 46.1 % women in the main group do not «feel a sense of inner satisfaction», which is statistically significantly higher than in the control group - 24.0 % (p = 0.04). In the main group, in contrast to the control group, the women are more often not «worried about possible failures». During the study of the types of the psychological component of the gestational dominant, mixed types were mainly observed, and the distribution in the groups did not have statistically significant differences. The women with a prolonged second period of labor had a tendency to form the predominantly euphoric type of the psychological component of the gestational dominant.

Conclusion. During pregnancy, the patients with a prolonged second period formed a coping strategy in the form of a predominantly euphoric attitude to pregnancy associated with elevated situational anxiety.