bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxic Reactions in Probable and Confirmed Methotrexate Overdose in Rheumatology Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Doktorova S. A. , Andreeva I. V. , Krechikova D. G. , Grabovetskaya Yu. Yu. , Mazhaeva O. S. , Rafalskiy V. V.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION. Low-dose methotrexate (less than 30 mg/week) is the standard therapy for rheumatic diseases. Methotrexate overdose due to errors by patients or medical staff may lead to severe complications and life-threatening conditions.

CASE DESCRIPTION. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the medical records of three clinical cases of methotrexate overdose with toxic reactions (one probable and two confirmed cases) observed in rheumatology patients at general and preventive medicine clinics in the Kaliningrad and Smolensk regions in 2019–2024. The analysis examined the clinical presentation of methotrexate overdose, medical history, concomitant therapy, laboratory findings, and patient management strategy from the time of admission. All patients had confirmed rheumatic diagnoses, including psoriatic arthritis (one male, 59 years old) and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (two females, 68 and 57 years old). As a baseline anti-inflammatory therapy, patients received methotrexate at a dose of 10–20 mg/week with the mandatory addition of folic acid at a dose of at least 5 mg/week. Patients had concomitant renal, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. The primary cause of these overdose cases was that the doses prescribed for weekly administration were taken daily. Overdose manifested as haemorrhagic syndrome, erosive and ulcerative mucosal lesions, dyspepsia, and changes in laboratory findings. In two confirmed overdose cases, adverse drug reactions manifested 13 and 14 days after the start of erroneous methotrexate administration. Two patients died on days 4 and 7 from admission, and one patient recovered and was discharged after 40 days of hospital stay.

CONCLUSIONS. Methotrexate overdose can lead to haematopoietic, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and mucosal disorders and result in life-threatening conditions and even death. The described cases emphasise the importance of clearly informing patients of methotrexate dosing regimens and possible symptoms of overdose. This approach can mitigate the potential risk and adverse consequences of overdose while improving the safety of outpatient methotrexate treatment for rheumatic diseases.
Teachers' Views On Preschool Guidance Services
Authors: Pedük Şenay , Dağ Bahar , Akşin Yavuz Ezgi
Published: December 2024

The aim of the current study is to investigate teacher perspectives on the guidance and counselling activities they do in classroom. Within this scope, the guidance and counselling activities they do in classroom, the activities they do with parents, the problems they face during the activities and their coping strategies were examined. In addition, preschool teachers’ cooperation with school management and school counselors and the extent they make use of the guidance and counselling program were evaluated. Qualitative method was employed in order to investigate the situation in depth. The participants were retrieved by snowball sampling. 25 female and 4 male preschool teachers volunteered to participate in the study across Turkey. A demographic form with 9 items and a survey with 9 questions developed by the researchers were used for the data collection. The average response time of the participants were 18 minutes, and the date was collected in two weeks. Content analysis was used for the collected data. The results of the study indicated that the majority of the preschool teachers reported that they used observation as an informal method and technique to evaluate the guidance and counselling practices in classroom. When the guidance and counselling activities teacher do in classroom were classified based on the competencies in the preschool education guidance and counselling program; we found that most of the activities were aimed at self-acceptance, followed by interpersonal relationships. The results also showed that the teachers did not do any activities targeting the competencies in the family and society area. The teachers stated that they did their activities in the form of play and Turkish (language) activities by making use of play and drama. Family involvement was also one of the most resorted subjects that the teachers used in the activities they did with parents.
Эффективность применения предпосевной обработки семян сои в условиях Приморского края
Authors: Кочева Нина Сергеевна , Кульдяева Елена Евгеньевна , Панюта Нина Сергеевна , Теличко Ольга Николаевна
Published: December 2024

В 2022 – 2023 гг. оценена эффективность предпосевной обработки семян сои препаратами, определено их влияние на формирование урожая и качество выращиваемой продукции в условиях юга Дальнего Востока. Протравливание семян сои положительно сказалось на формировании элементов структуры урожая и урожайности сои. Опыты выполняли на посевах нового сорта сои Бриз. По нашим данным, урожайность сои в зависимости от применяемых препаратов варьировала от 24,2 до 26,7 ц/га. Максимальная урожайность получена при комплексной обработке семян сои Стандак Топ + Гумат калия + Хайкоут Супер Соя — превышение над контролем составило 11,7 %. Выход семян из общего урожая в среднем за 2 года по вариантам опыта варьировал от 84,5 до 90,5 %. По показателю «масса 1000 семян» выделились варианты с обработкой семян перед посевом Гумат калия + Хайкоут Супер Соя и Стандак Топ + Гумат калия + Хайкоут Супер Соя — превышение над контролем составило 15,2 и 17,9 % соответственно. Обработка семян препаратами оказала положительное влияние на количественные признаки элементов продуктивности сои. Лучше всего на эти показатели повлияла комплексная обработка семян Стандак Топ + Гумат калия + Хайкоут Супер Соя. Максимальное количество клубеньков имел вариант при совместной обработке семян Гумат калия и Хайкоут Супер Соя.
Воздействие прецизионного орошения на накопление влаги предшественником озимой пшеницы в условиях недостатка атмосферных осадков
Authors: Щедрин Вячеслав Николаевич , Бабичев Александр Николаевич , Сидаренко Дмитрий Петрович , Монастырский Валерий Алексеевич , Ольгаренко Владимир Игоревич , Рубцов Александр Алексанрович
Published: December 2024

Оценена эффективность прецизионного орошения на мелиорируемых землях в условиях дефицита доступных водных ресурсов, направленных на ресурсосбережение и повышение плодородия почв аридной зоны юга России. Полевые исследования в 2019 – 2020 гг. проводили в Ростовской области на орошаемых землях. Климат района характеризуется как засушливый и вместе с тем недостаточно жаркий. Распределение осадков в период вегетации озимой пшеницы происходит крайне неравномерно. Все эти особенности климата создают значительные трудности при возделывании озимой пшеницы. Почвы опытного участка по всему профилю представлены в основном суглинками тяжелыми. Содержание гумуса в пахотном слое (0,3 м) составляет 3,7 %, мощность гумусового горизонта — до 0,65 м. В ходе исследований определяли запасы влаги в слое почвы 0 – 20 и 0 – 100 см перед и после посева по вариантам опыта и густоту стояния озимой пшеницы. Показано, что в вариантах с прецизионным орошением запасы продуктивной влаги при посеве озимой пшеницы по непаровому предшественнику были выше в среднем на 1,9 – 2,8 мм и обеспечили получение всходов озимой пшеницы выше в среднем на 13 – 23 шт./м2. Выявлена эффективность использования прецизионного орошения и внесения минеральных удобрений, которое наглядно показало свои преимущества по сравнению с традиционными технологиями орошения.
Анализ результатов ультрасонографических исследований при диагностике инфекционного метрита у коров
Authors: Фирсов Григорий Михайлович , Калюжный Иван Исаевич , Морозова Зоя Черменовна , Ряднов Алексей Анатольевич , Ряднова Тамара Александровна , Будтуев Олег Валерьевич , Будтуева Ольга Дмитриевна
Published: December 2024

Исследование проводили в 2024 г. в Волгоградской области. Проведено ультрасонографическое обследование 16 коров голштинской породы 3 – 4 отёла. Использовали метод ультразвуковой диагностики для выявления или опровержения наличия заболеваний среди органов и структур тела, которые можно исследовать посредством ультразвуковых волн, при помощи портативного ультразвукового детектора, оснащенного тонированным преобразователем с диапазоном частот 5,0 – 7,5 МГц. Каждой особи крупного рогатого скота проводили трансректальное исследование, в ходе которого детально анализировали маточные отделы через ультразвуковые изображения в поперечной и продольной проекциях. Кроме того, зафиксировали визуализации маточных отростков, полученные на изгибе данного органа. Исследование размеров рогов матки в период от 4-й до 7-й недели после родоразрешения выявило их равномерность без значимых отклонений (P > 0,05). Величина колебалась в пределах от 19,4 до 22,9 мм, демонстрируя постоянство вплоть до конца эксперимента. Анализ данных выявил, что габариты 2 матковых отростков у исследуемых особей не демонстрировали значительных различий; их ширина варьировала в пределах 20 – 25 мм на протяжении 1,5 месяцев после периода родов.
Эффективность использования свекловичного жома в рационах высокопродуктивных коров
Authors: Азимова Глафира Владимировна , Юферев Роман Алексеевич
Published: December 2024

Производственные эксперименты по выявлению эффективности свекловичного жома на молочную продуктивность коров проводили в хозяйстве Дебесского района Удмуртской Республики на голштинизированных высокопродуктивных первотелках в период раздоя. Ввод сухого жома в комбикорм К1 оказал некоторое влияние на его питательность. В сухом веществе рациона заметно снизился уровень крахмала — с 37,1 (контрольная группа) до 33,5 % (опытная группа). Удой молока за период лактации у животных опытной группы, которые получали в рационе 2 – 3 кг жома на голову в сутки, оказался выше, чем в контроле (без жома), на 39,5 кг. Среднесуточный удой у животных опытной группы повышался до конца опыта (100 дней), у коров контрольной группы оставался сравнительно на одном уровне на начало и конец опыта. Количество молочного жира у животных опытной группы было выше на 8,5 кг по сравнению с контрольной группой. Количество молочного белка у коров опытной группы было также выше по сравнению с контрольной на 5,9 %. Уровень рентабельности производства молока в опытной группе составил 14,7 %, что больше, чем в контрольной группе, на 1,2 %.
Популяционный анализ эритроцитов чистокровной верховой и кабардинской пород лошадей
Authors: Алабов Артур Муаедович , Гетоков Олег Олиевич , Паритов Анзор Юрьевич
Published: December 2024

Проведен сравнительный анализ популяционного состава эритроцитов у лошадей чистокровной верховой и кабардинской пород в период усиленного тренинга лошадей перед скаковым сезоном в условиях предгорья КБР. Установлены достоверные морфофункциональные различия красной крови у лошадей сравниваемых пород. Выявлено, что в крови лошадей кабардинской породы преобладают эритроциты с большими и чрезмерно большими объемами клеток: макроцитов больше на 5,3 %, мегалоцитов — на 10,3 %; у чистокровной верховой породы больше малых и средних по объему эритроцитов — на 4,1 и 11,5 % соответственно. В период усиленных физических нагрузок в условиях предгорья заметно отличаются от общепринятых нормативов. Полученные результаты показали, что морфологический состав эритроцитов лошадей коррелирует с породой, природно-климатическими особенностями региона и физической активностью.
“We were healers, witches, we were oracles.” Women’s Transformative Power in African Traditional Religions and African Initiated Churches
Authors: Frost Marie-Luise
Published: December 2024

African Initiated Churches are often seen as bridge-builders between African Traditional Religions and Christianity – as those who attracted a lot of followers because they maintained elements of traditional African beliefs that were dismissed by missionaries. This paper investigates the relationship between African Traditional Religions and African Initiated Churches focussing on its impact on the roles of women. It finds that both restricting and liberating aspects are taken over from African Traditional Religions to present-day African Initiated Churches. The religious traditions can affirm each other to foster the exclusion of women. Yet they also give room to spiritual power and charismatic authority that women may gain through age, status and divine or ancestral calling. These attributes enable women to fundamentally transform their own situation – e.g. from sick social misfits to powerful leaders – as well as to denounce and challenge existing power structures in the wider community.
Kepribadian Tokoh Lucas Ford dalam Novel In A Blue Moon Karya Ilana Tan: Kajian Psikologi Sastra
Authors: Mutik Sirait Raisyicha , Marsella Emma , Riyanto Bambang
Published: December 2024

This research specifically aims to describe the personality structure and personality of the character Lucas Ford in the novel In a Blue Moon by Ilana Tan. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. This type of research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive method, which collects and analyzes scientific data and then describes the facts in detail to determine the personality structure and personality of the character Lucas Ford in the novel In a Blue Moon by Ilana Tan. The research studied is the personality structure and personalities of characters in literary works. This approach will provide an overview of the thought processes experienced by Lucas Ford in the form of id, ego, and superego personality structures, and in the form of choleric, melanchole, phlegma, and sanguine personalities. The results of the research show that Lucas Ford's personality structure in the novel In a Blue Moon Ilana Tan's work is Lucas Ford's id which tries to find pleasure, the ego which adheres to the principles of reality and reality while the superego tries to understand the needs of the id and ego. Lucas Ford's personality in the novel In a Blue Moon by Ilana Tan is the more prominent of the four personalities, namely choleric (choleric). Lucas Ford's personality is wise, focused on goals, confident, firm, flammable, brave and honest. The choleric personality also has ego and superego personality structures.
A Study on Foreign Viewers' Perceptions of Turkish Series and the Marketing of Turkish Series
Authors: Erdoğan Zeynep , Akdede Şahin Feyza
Published: December 2024

Television and digital series reflect the cultural, social, political, and economic dynamics of the societies in which they are produced. They provide international audiences with the opportunity to explore foreign cultures while contributing to national interests like promoting tourism, enhancing the country’s image, influencing consumer behavior, and encouraging language learning. This study examines foreign audiences’ perspectives on Turkish series, evaluating factors such as content quality, language learning, travel motivation, and purchasing behaviors. Findings show that the depiction of locations and cultural elements in Turkish series motivates viewers to visit Türkiye. High-quality casts, romantic themes, and engaging storylines contribute to the perception of Turkish series as high-quality productions. Social media interactions positively influence viewing behaviors by encouraging recommendations and episode discovery, with some viewers expressing a desire to purchase featured products.
Determination the effective dose of mutation in pepper (Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Akalp Erhan , Pirinç Vedat
Published: December 2024

This study was carried out to determine the "Effective Dose of Mutation” (EMD50) for mutation breeding study on Çermik, Kandil and Üçburun pepper varieties grown intensively in Diyarbakır. For this purpose, pepper seeds were exposed to chemical mutagen source Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) at doses of 0%, 01%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% and to irradiation with physical mutagen source Co60 at doses of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 Gy. In irradiated and chemically exposed seeds, on the 45th day following seed sowing date, germination percentage (%) for each dose was calculated and seedlings’ lengths were measured to investigate the effects of different doses and EMD50 value was calculated. According to the data obtained as a result of the study; it was found that the germination rate in pepper seeds of all three varieties-genotypes gradually decreased with the increases of doses in application of EMS on pepper seeds. While the decreases were especially evident in the seeds of Kandil and Üçburun varieties subjected to 0.3% EMS dose and 9 hours of application; in Çermik genotype the germination rate started to decrease with 0.5% EMS dose due to local population. It was also found that germinations decreased in all three varieties depending the application of 300 Gy CO60. In 6-hour EMS application, EMD50 values were respectively determined as 0.67%, 0.97% and 1.08%. for Kandil, Üçburun and Çermik. And for 9-hour EMS application, EMD50 values were determined as; 0.52%, 0.77%, 0.89%. Kandil, Üçburun and Çermik varieties. According to the results obtained in the study, the usage of both physical and chemical mutagens in pepper varieties; increasing of doses and durations of mutagens, decreased germination rates and also caused to decrease the plant heights. As a result, it seems possible to obtain variations in peppers with the usage of physical and chemical mutagens to get new varieties in plant breeding.
The Effect of a Fully Asymmetric Discontinuity in the Elastic Layer of a Geometrically Nonlinear Double-Beam Coupled Mechanical System
Authors:   Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Niš, Serbia, Milić Dunja , Deng Jian ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada, Li Deli ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada, Stojanović Vladimir ,   *Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Niš, Serbia; *Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the effect of an antisymmetric discontinuity in a Winkler nonlinear elastic layer and compares it with the case of a double Timoshenko beam system without discontinuities. The effects of geometric nonlinearity are considered, and the obtained results represent a time-domain analysis. A modified p-version finite element method is applied to analyse the vibrations of mechanical systems with discontinuities. The main contribution of this work is a comparative analysis of a double beam system without discontinuities and a double beam system with an antisymmetric discontinuity in the Winkler elastic layer. The study demonstrates significant deviations in the beam response under a concentrated periodic external force when an antisymmetric discontinuity is present. Its qualitative and quantitative characteristics are illustrated through time histories, showing amplitude variations in the steady-state oscillation regime. Forced vibrations in the time domain are analysed using the Newmark direct integration method. The cases of deviations in the antisymmetric model are explained, highlighting their potential applications in technical practice as well as in the field of deformable bodies and structures.
STUDY OF TORSIONAL IRREGULARITY WITH SEISMIC LOADS OF RC BUILDING IN DIFFERENT FOUR ZONES OF BANGLADESH ACCORDING TO BNBC-2020
Authors: Ashik Mamun , Khaton Lutfa
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the results of a linear static analysis conducted on a (B+G+4) story building using the static Analysis approach in four different zones in Bangladesh. An analytical 3D model of the building, including irregularities, was created and analyzed using the ETABS structural analysis software. This comprehensive model encompasses all significant structural elements affecting key parameters like maximum displacement, maximum story drift, story stiffness, and maximum story displacement. The building chosen for this study is based on an architectural plan located in Faridpur city, and we analyzed it for 3 more different seismic zones of Bangladesh. It was meticulously recreated in a digital model, subjected to various loads, and then analyzed using static Analysis in accordance with the Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) of 2020.
This research aims to gain a profound understanding of how structures react to seismic forces and adopt a multidimensional approach to enhance their earthquake resistance capabilities in various zones.
our study underscores the pressing need for proactive measures to address seismic vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. By exploring torsional irregularities in RC buildings within the framework of BNBC-2020, we are taking a significant step towards enhancing the seismic resilience of structures, ultimately safeguarding lives and property with a safe design method for assessing and improving the earthquake resilience of structures.
Hybrid neural network for the prediction of damage patterns in open-hole composites
Authors: Venkatesan Karthik , Chen Boyang
Published: December 2024

Damage pattern predictions of open-hole laminates under different loading conditions are ubiquitous in the finite element modelling of composite structures. This work investigates the applicability of artificial neural networks for the fast and accurate generation of damage patterns for a composite plate with a cut-out under a variety of loading conditions. Data for training and evaluating these neural networks were generated through nonlinear finite element models. Different neural networks, such as a standard Feedforward Neural Network and a Hybrid Neural Network that combines a Feedforward Neural Network with a convolutional decoder, have been tested for this task. To quantify the resemblance between the predicted and actual outputs in terms of colours and contours, different performance metrics have been explored. The use of the Structural Similarity Index, in addition to the standard Mean Square Error, was explored to improve the visual quality of outputs from the neural network. The Hybrid Neural Network has been shown to accurately and efficiently predict the damage patterns of the open-hole laminate with small scatter in testing error, thereby constituting a promising candidate for a surrogate model of open-hole composite panels.
Evaluating the Efficacy of Amanda: A Voice-Based Large Language Model Chatbot for Relationship Challenges
Authors: Vowels Laura Marika , Sweeney Shannon , Vowels Matthew J
Published: December 2024

Digital health interventions are increasingly necessary to bridge gaps in mental health care, providing scalable and accessible solutions to address unmet needs. Relationship challenges, a significant driver of individual well-being and distress, are often under-supported due to barriers such as stigma, cost, and limited access to trained therapists. This study evaluates Amanda, a GPT-4-powered voice-based chatbot, designed to deliver single-session relationship support and enhance therapeutic engagement through natural and collaborative interactions. Participants (N = 54) completed a range of clinical outcome measures and their attitudes toward chatbots and digital health interventions pre- and post-intervention as well as two weeks later. In the interactions with the chatbot, the participants explored a range of relational issues and reported significant improvements in problem-specific outcomes, including reduced distress, enhanced communication, and greater confidence in managing conflicts directly after the interaction as well as two weeks later. While generic relationship outcomes showed only delayed improvements, individual well-being did not significantly change. Participants rated Amanda highly on usability, therapeutic skills, and working alliance, with reduced repetitiveness compared to the text-based version. These findings underscore the potential of voice-based chatbots to deliver accessible and effective relationship support. Future research should explore multi-session formats, clinical populations, and comparisons with other large language models to refine and expand AI-powered interventions.
Affective Computing: A Vision Towards Future of Personality Assessment and Beyond
Authors: K Sibin Raj
Published: December 2024

Every human possesses an internal picture of the external reality (Forrester, 1971). Now, the internal picture has been manually transferred to parallel intelligent computers to handle and assist human decision making in an accurate fashion. From yesterday’s reactive machines to today’s machine learning and tomorrow’s Theory of Mind-AI (ToM-AI), all are assisting or complimenting human decision making in all disciplines. Now, the landscape of psychological assessment also started the changed way of looking at psychological attributes especially ‘personality’ with the help of affective computing technology also known as emotion AI (Artificial Emotional Intelligence). Affective computing is used for emotion sensing, recognition, interpretation, and simulation. In this respect, any technology capable of acquiring stable and measurable individual characteristics is likely to benefit the personality assessment. This paper, (a) systematically review the literature on the affective computing technologies capable of assisting the human decision on personality assessment and other psychological attributes, (b) analysing the possibilities of using such technologies as a corroborative decision support system in applied psychology, and (c) critically evaluate the scientific gap between psychology, computer science and neuroscience in the field of affective computing.
Confidence does not equal competence: Socially dominant individuals are more confident in their decisions without being more accurate
Authors: Belotelova Anastasija , Martin Andrew
Published: December 2024

High status within social hierarchies is often the reserve of socially dominant individuals. Faster responses have been identified as a cognitive predisposition of socially dominant individuals, thought to confer an advantage by allowing them to act first in social contexts. Response speed is also thought to reflect decision confidence, but this has not been directly investigated in relation to social dominance. Moreover, personality traits, such as extraversion, may show a similar relationship with decision-making speed and confidence and may explain any relationship with social dominance. Confidence is thought to be domain specific and it is therefore important to assess whether any association between decision confidence and social dominance, is also observed in other cognitive domains. Across three studies, we assessed performance on a two-choice statistical learning decision-making task and a self-referential memory task. To measure metacognitive bias, we included confidence for both decisions and memory traces. We also included a measure of extraversion to investigate whether these two related personality traits explain overlapping or unique variance in task performance. Across three studies, social dominance and extraversion were positively correlated. Both social dominance and extraversion independently predicted variance on confidence for decisions, with stronger evidence for a unique role for social dominance, but no relationship was identified for confidence in memory traces.
How Reliable is Adult Statistical Learning? A Critical Review of Literature Since Saffran, Newport, and Aslin (1996)
Authors: Chang Chiung-Yu
Published: December 2024

Saffran, Newport, and Aslin (1996) demonstrated that adults can recognize words of an artificial language at an above chance level after mere exposure to statistical regularities in the speech stream. This seminal work led to a resurgence of interest in how experience contributes to language acquisition. Although statistical learning in adults has been replicated in many studies, null effects have also been reported in the literature. In this paper, I critically review the statistical analyses performed by Saffran, Newport, and Aslin (1996) and discuss how some practices could have increased the false positive rate and caused difficulties in interpreting the results, including the lack of generalizability. As effect sizes are commonly inflated in earlier publications, I also conduct a publication-bias-adjusted meta-analysis focused on 20 studies that closely followed the original experimental design. The adjusted effect size is between the two original effect sizes from Saffran, Newport, and Aslin’s (1996) Experiments 1 and 2. Suggestions are given for future research on adult statistical learning and the broader field of psycholinguistics.
Can AI Do Our Jobs?
Authors: Atweh Jad
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has shown promise in accomplishing tasks traditionally performed by humans across a range of domains. However, while previous studies have assessed AI's ability to perform these tasks, there remains a gap in understanding whether AI can carry out these tasks with the same level of expertise and finesse as human professionals. Moreover, while AI's performance has been examined in certain domains, it has not been sufficiently tested across all fields where human expertise is vital. To address these gaps, we conducted a study involving 32 expert participants across various domains, who provided prompts and evaluated the responses generated by ChatGPT Plus. Our results, consistent across domains, reveal that AI can perform tasks at a basic level, most of the time, but it falls short in replicating the depth and quality of human expertise. Despite these limitations, AI can provide a solid starting point and assist experts in specific contexts. Future work can explore the use of other forms of AI, such as humanoid AI bots, to assess tasks that require interaction among multiple participants or teams, offering potential avenues for deeper collaboration and more advanced automation.
Virtual Worlds, Real Relaxation? A Pilot Study on a Virtual Reality Breathing Exercise with Respiratory Biofeedback in Primary School Students: Feasibility and Potential Benefits
Authors: Blum Johannes
Published: December 2024

This pilot study investigated the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a low-threshold, gamified virtual reality (VR) breathing exercise with respiratory biofeedback (Flowborne VR) for promoting relaxation in primary school students. 26 students (aged 10-16 years) from the Canton of Schaffhausen, Switzerland, participated in single-session, within-subjects design in a naturalistic school setting. Participants provided self-reports on various facets of user experience and intervention feasibility, as well as their current mood state before and after the intervention. Observational data on task adherence, encountered difficulties, and breathing behavior were also collected, alongside objective breathing data recorded by the VR application. Results indicated that the VR immersion was generally well-tolerated, with no significant symptoms of simulator sickness occurring, despite some practical issues in properly adjusting the VR headset. Participants found the breathing exercise easy to understand, demonstrated high levels of task adherence, and reported low feelings of overwhelm. The intervention received positive ratings, including usability, design, engagement, and biofeedback responsiveness. Most participants were able to adopt a breathing style characterized by strong abdominal movements and prolonged exhalations, although further practice seems necessary to fully master slow diaphragmatic breathing. Significant improvements were observed in self-reported mood and calmness from pre- to post-intervention. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the feasibility of integrating gamified VR-based relaxation exercises into everyday educational contexts and suggest that the engaging nature of VR coupled with biofeedback can offer a valuable tool for promoting stress management skills in children. However, the small sample size, lack of a control group, and single-session design limit the generalizability of the results. Future research with controlled longitudinal designs is needed to further investigate the effects of this promising intervention.
Divergent Decision-Making in Context: Neighborhood Context Shapes Effects of Physical Disorder and Spatial Knowledge on Burglars’ Location Choice
Authors: Cai Liang , Song Guangwen , Zhang Yanji
Published: December 2024

Objectives Although the social disorganization tradition emphasizes the role of neighborhood context in shaping delinquent behaviors and neighborhood crime, researchers have rarely considered the influence of neighborhood context on criminals’ decision of where to offend. This study explicitly examines how concentrated disadvantage in both the origin and destination neighborhoods structures burglars’ preference for street physical disorder and spatial familiarity.Methods We measure observed and perceived physical disorder from 107,858 street view images using computer vision algorithms. Geo-referenced mobile phone flows between 1,642 census units are used to approximate offenders’ potential spatial knowledge about target neighborhoods. Discrete choice models are estimated separately for burglars from disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged neighborhoods (N=1,972).Results While burglars residing in non-disadvantaged neighborhoods are not sensitive to physical disorder in non-disadvantaged target neighborhoods, they strongly avoid disadvantaged neighborhoods with disorder. Conversely, residents of neighborhoods with concentrated disadvantage swiftly act upon street disorder in better-off neighborhoods but not in disadvantaged neighborhoods. These tendencies to react to the presence of physical disorder on the street are also contingent on burglars’ potential familiarity with the target environment.Conclusions We highlight the importance of larger neighborhood structural characteristics and their interactions with spatial knowledge and environmental conditions such as visual signs of disorder, in criminal decision making. Physical disorder is not uniformly indicative of decay across neighborhoods and offenders. This divergent decision-making may also partially explain spatial heterogeneity of crime. Moreover, spatial knowledge is most effective in triggering or deterring actions in places that are categorically different from offenders’ residential spaces.
Бруслик О. Ю. Революційний характер президентських виборів-2019
Authors: Бруслик Олексій
Published: December 2024

В статті аналізується президентська кампанія 2019 року. Виділяються фактори успіху переможця виборчих перегонів. Наведено конкретні приклади революційного характеру виборчої президентської кампанії 2019 року. Робиться порівняльно-правовий аналіз ви‑ борчих президентських кампаній за всю історію України.
Стешенко Т. В., Іванова В. С. Муніципально-правова практика організації роботи депутатів місцевих рад
Authors: Стешенко Тетяна , Іванова В. С.
Published: December 2024

Стаття присвячена аналізу роботи депутатів місцевих радах у раді та з виборцями. Зокрема, розглянуто особливості нормативного врегулювання роботи депутатів. Визначено, що основним документом, який регулює роботу депутатів в місцевих рад є регламент. На прикладі аналізу регламентів Львівської, Дніпровської, Харківської міських рад встановлено особливості формування порядку денного та порядку прийняття рішень депутатами під час виконання своїх повноважень в міській раді. Доведено, що проаналізовані регламенти мають подібну структуру, за незначним виключенням. Запропоновано деталізувати чинні регламенти з метою їх конкретизації та уникнення дублювання норм законодавчих актів. В статті також розглянуто проблематику роботи депутатів місцевих рад з виборцями. Зазначено, що існуючі регламенти не містять статей з вказаного питання, а лише згадують обов’язок депутатів звітувати про свою діяльність. В даному аспекті наголошено на необхідність створення норм в регламентах з питань визначення форм та обсягів роботи депутатів місцевих рад з виборцями, а також обов’язкового закріплення в регламентах обов’язку звітувати про свою діяльність перед виборцями відповідно до вимог чинного законодавства.
Колісник О. В. Теоретичні та практичні проблеми реалізації дискреційних повноважень суду в цивільному процесі
Authors: Колісник Олена
Published: December 2024

У статті висвітлені окремі аспекти правового регулювання та реалізації дискреційних повноважень суду в цивільному процесі. Визначено, що критеріями оцінки законності реалізації дискреційних повноважень мають виступати як загальновизнані, так і галузеві принципи цивільного судочинства, а також вмотивованість судових рішень.
Загороднюк А. Г. Теоретико-правові аспекти конституційного права збиратися мирно, без зброї і проводити збори, мітинги, походи і демонстрації
Authors: Загороднюк А. Г.
Published: December 2024

В статті висвітлено окремі теоретичні і правові аспекти змісту конституційного права збиратися мирно, без зброї і проводити збори, мітинги, походи і демонстрації, надано тлумачення поняття «масові заходи» й «мирні заходи», визначено їх характерні ознаки.
Глазунова А. В. Виконання розпоряджень Президента України
Authors: Глазунова А. В.
Published: December 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню проблеми реалізації розпорядчих актів Президента України. У процесі дослідження знайдено підходи до підвищення якості та своєчасності виконання адресатами розпоряджень Президента України. На основі цього запропоновані відповідні зміни до Закону України «Про державну службу» та до Указу Президента України «Про порядок організації та здійснення контролю за виконанням указів, розпоряджень і доручень Президента України».
Мукомела І. В. Передумови виникнення інформаційного суспільства: теоретико-правовий аспект
Authors: Мукомела Ірина
Published: December 2024

У статті висвітлені питання теоретико-правових передумов виникнення інформаційного суспільства. Аналізується нормативно-правове забезпечення формування інформаційного суспільства на міжнародному та національному рівнях. Обґрунтовується, що передумовами інформаційного суспільства є технологічні, знаннєво-інформаційні та економічні. Акцентується, що всі елементи інфраструктури інформаційного суспільства мають бути об’єктом правового регулювання та захисту.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF STRATEGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARITIME TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE
Authors:   SO «Institute of market and economic-ecological research of the NAS of Ukraine, Kalinin Anatolii
Published: December 2024

The article is concerned with building conceptual approaches to the formation of a strategy for the post-war restoration of competitiveness of Ukrainian maritime transport enterprises, including the presentation of the algorithm of the proposed approach, formed on the basis of the advanced theory of constraints, which will allow to transfer the system from the state of disequilibrium to the state of dynamic stability, with the acquisition of the potential of self-control and flexibility. The application of this approach will provide a compensatory mechanism for the development of unforeseen effects and will form a cyclical reaction of the reflection of corrective measures on the development of all sectors of the national economy of Ukraine.The study also proposes a list of criteria for verifying the logicality of the developed algorithm stages, which, in our opinion, is an important step in ensuring the integrity of the application of these tools. First and foremost, the tools for assessing the probability of relationships, which help to distinguish an objective reflection of reality from a subjective one. This is one of the determinative differences between the methodology proposed in this article and traditional tools. Proposed methodology will provide a logic for the effective organisation of the process of restoring Ukrainian maritime transport enterprises in the post-war period and will help determine the stages of its establishment, providing answers to the following questions: should the enterprise, individual parts of its production processes be comprehensively modernised, what should be changed, what to change to, and how should these changes be implemented?The results presented in the article were based on the analysis of scientific and professional developments, ideas of domestic and foreign scholars, which deepened the understanding of trends related to the development of maritime transport enterprises not only in Ukraine, but also in the global context.
COMPETITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE SYSTEM OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES OF OUT-OF-SCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Buhaieva Mariia , Petchenko Maryna ,   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Remzina Natalia ,   Odessa National Maritime University
Published: December 2024

Long-term health of the Ukrainian economy and its complete recovery depends mainly on the creation of a significant number of innovations in the fields of science, technology and engineering. Only the work of innovators and entrepreneurs will resist intelligent outsourcing and automation in terms of global spread of knowledge. Given the practical necessity of innovation in today's economy, it is necessary to investigate matters concerning training and motivation of youth in order to become innovators and will implement their ideas. The aim of the article is to discover the essence of motivating innovative potential of youth, study forms and methods of motivation of creative activity, as well as clarification of issues related to the specifics of the creative work of the youth sector. The analysis of scientific approaches to the definition of the «creativity motivation» from the standpoint of psychology, philosophy and economics was conducted. The role of motivation in creating innovation was defined. The author determined the motivation of innovative potential of young people. The scheme structure of ability of young people to create innovation was developed by the author. The forms and methods of motivation of creative content were considered and generalized. The methods to motivate creativity and innovative potential of young people in the company were offered. Preparing young people to innovation, building motivation to this activity, formation of creative thinking is complex, multifaceted issue. And, in our view, increase the innovative activityof young people should be considered in light of the economic, research and educational issues, conditions, interaction and motivation of all its members. It was found that there is a weak mechanism for motivating young innovators in Ukraine. It was indicated that talented young workers need the individual approach. The necessity to develop aset of effective methods of motivating innovative potential of youth in the movement towards knowledge economy was justified.Keywords:innovation and project activities, out-of-school educational institutions, economic interaction, competitiveness, motivation.
ENHANCING DIGITAL INCLUSION IN MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN SOUTH AFRICAN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Zanele Priscila Msweli  , Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani
Published: December 2024

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has significantly impacted teaching and learning in higher education worldwide. However, many developing countries have continued to face challenges in embracing digital transformation within their education systems. This study explored strategies to enhance digital inclusion through multilingual education, focusing on South Africa and the integration of technology into multilingual learning environments. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to understand how digital tools could be successfully incorporated into multilingual education to improve access and inclusion. A systematic review of relevant literature was conducted, drawing from databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published between 2020 and 2024. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes from 72 articles, published in English language and in peer-reviewed journals, which informed the findings and recommendations. The study aimed to offer practical strategies for improving digital literacy and inclusion in multilingual education, particularly in developing countries. The results provided valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and stakeholders, offering ways to promote equity and access to digital resources in multilingual learning environments.
TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES FOR DEALING WITH LGBTQI LEARNERS AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE NONGOMA CIRCUIT
Authors: Londiwe Patience Njapha  , Primrose Ntombenhle Khumalo  , Alan Bhekisisa Buthelezi  , Oluwatoyin Ayodele Ajani
Published: December 2024

This study examined secondary school teachers' perceptions of LGBTQI learners within the Nongoma Circuit, focusing on the interactions between teachers and LGBTQI students and identifying effective engagement strategies. Adopting a phenomenological philosophy, the research aimed to understand the lived experiences and meanings of teachers' perspectives. A qualitative approach was employed to provide flexibility in exploring these experiences. The study utilised a phenomenological design to uncover nuanced insights into teachers' attitudes. The sample comprised five Life Orientation educators from secondary schools in the Nongoma Circuit, selected through purposive sampling to ensure rich, relevant data. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically. To ensure the trustworthiness of the findings, the study addressed credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Social constructionism served as the theoretical framework, offering a sociological perspective on human behaviour and interactions. Findings indicated a range of attitudes towards LGBTQI learners, from positive acceptance to negative biases. The study highlighted the need for enhanced training and support for educators to create inclusive and secure educational environments for all students, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. Thematic analysis revealed diverse viewpoints, underscoring the importance of targeted teacher training and policy reviews to foster empathetic and inclusive learning spaces. The results suggest crucial steps towards improving secondary school environments by addressing LGBTQI issues comprehensively within teacher training programs and school policies.
Book Review - Urban Environmental Sustainability: Liveable Cities, Nigeria
Authors: Sule Abass Iyanda
Published: December 2024

The book is a collection of original researches that discussed various environmental challenges and proffer solutions to the environmental challenges in Nigeria based on empirical studies carried out by various contributors. The central theme of the book explores the concepts of liveability and sustainability as the overall goal of urban design. â€œurban designâ€ is referred to as a place making for people and it fosters sustainable environment-behaviour relationships. In the process of making especially in the â€œcontemporary city development and in the built-environment in generalâ€ (p.9), the professionals in all related disciplines have to work together in a â€˜common spaceâ€™ in order to realise the vision of good quality environment. Hence, articles in the book cut-acrossvarious disciplines and the research approaches are inter-disciplinary and multidisciplinary in nature. The book is divided into twenty-one chapters.
Tendencias y retos en curación de contenidos 2014-2024
Authors: Guallar Javier
Published: December 2024

Se analiza la evolución de la curación de contenidos desde 2014 hasta 2024, identificando tendencias como el aumento de contenido curado en los medios y de productos informativos basados en curación (newsletters, noticias en vivo o reportajes multimedia). Se observa un cambio en la práctica de la curación en redes sociales, desde plataformas especializadas a las redes sociales masivas. Finalmente, se plantean retos futuros para la curación, incluyendo la necesidad de reivindicar los enlaces en las redes sociales, incrementar la curación externa y personalizada en los medios, abordar la desinformación, e integrar la inteligencia artificial sin reemplazar la labor humana.