bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overestimating one’s ‘green’ behavior: Better-than-average bias may function to reduce perceived personal threat from climate change
Authors: Leviston Zoe , Uren Hannah Velure
Published: December 2019

The actions of others, and what others approve of, can be a powerful tool for promoting pro-environmental behaviour. A potential barrier to the utility of social norms however are cognitive biases in how we perceive others, including the better-than-average effect. This effect describes the tendency for people to think they are exceptional, especially when compared with their peers. In order to investigate the role of the better-than-average effect in the context of climate-relevant pro-environmental behaviour, we administered questions as part of a larger online survey of 5,219 nationally representative Australians. Participants were asked to report whether they engaged in a list of 21 pro-environmental behaviours, and then asked to estimate how their engagement compared with the average Australian. Over half of our participants ‘self-enhanced’; they overestimated their engagement in pro-environmental behaviours relative to others. ‘Self-enhancement’ was related to reduced perceptions of personal harm from climate change, more favourable assessments of coping ability, less guilt, and lower moral and ethical duty to take action to prevent climate change. These relationships held when participants sceptical about anthropogenic climate change were removed from analyses. We discuss the implications of the findings for the use of social norms in promoting pro-environmental behaviour.
Achieving Economic Success and Social Mobility: The Chinese Community in Trinidad, British Caribbean before 1949
Authors: Sonoda Setsuko
Published: December 2019

This study discusses upward social mobility in the Chinese community in Port of Spain of Trinidad, a British colony in the Caribbean, in the first half of the twentieth century. It examines how the Chinese there attempted to be socially successful by showcasing or downplaying their Chinese heritage depending on the social and historical conditions.

The upward social movement of the Chinese in Trinidad occurred considerably earlier than in other communities in the Americas. The Chinese accomplished this by using British colonial conditions as early as the 1910s through economic success in colonial commercialism, through the acquisition of highly skilled jobs thanks to their British education, and through creolization resulting from interracial marriages.

The Sino-Japanese War of 1937 afforded another channel for Chinese upward social movement in Trinidad. The Chinese community in Port of Spain was at its peak of population growth and social development in the 1920–30s, and the layered community structure was developed through difference in language, generation, class, and political access to the British colonial or Chinese authorities. During the pre-war period, Chinese residents embedded in this community pluralism experienced a unique integration into Trinidadian upper-middle class society. The news pieces in the Chinese news section of the Trinidad Guardian highlight their Westernization, middle-class status, and their origins in China, which made them allies of the British. The documents studied in this article also demonstrate that the Chinese Nationalist Party (kmt) strove to strengthen its ties with Chinese residents of Trinidad in the early twentieth century.
Su kefiri mikroorganizmaları ile fermente edilen portakal suyunda Escherichia coli inaktivasyonunun matematiksel modellemesi
Authors: KALKAN Selin
Published: December 2019

Su kefiri, farklı taze ve kuru meyvelerden elde edilen, sakkaroz bazlı ev yapımı fermente bir içecektir. Su kefiri taneleri ile hazırlanan bu içecekte baskın florayı laktik asit bakterileri ile bazı maya türleri oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, su kefiri taneleri ile fermente edilen portakal suyuna inoküle edilen E.coli inaktivasyonunun doğrusal (basit doğrusal, Kuadritik ve Kubik) ve doğrusal olmayan modeller (Lojistik, Gompertz ve Brody) ile matematiksel olarak ifade edilmesi ve model uygunluğunun tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla buzdolabı koşullarında gerçekleştirilen 4 günlük depolama süresi boyunca, E.coli düzeyi kontrol grup (yalnızca portakal suyu) ve su kefiri ile fermente edilen portakal suyu örneklerinde günlük olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, kontrol grup örneklerde 4.82 log kob/mL, fermente portakal suyu örneklerinde ise 5.38 log kob/mL düzeyinde bir E.coli inaktivasyonu gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Kullanılan modellerin hesaplanan determinasyon katsayıları (R2) ve hata kareler ortalamaları (HKO) baz alınarak model karşılaştırılması yapıldığında, E.coli inaktivasyonunu 0.998 R2 ve 0.025 HKO değerleri ile doğrusal modellerden kübik modelin; 0.995 R2 ve 0.053 HKO değerleri ile doğrusal olmayan modellerden ise Brody modelin en uygun model olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
»Righe« na duši pravom arhivu
Authors: Grdinić Iva , Mrkonjić Jasna
Published: December 2019

Osobni fond Pazinjanke Katarine Šćuka-Kukec (HR-DAPA-925 Katarina Šćuka Kukec: 1905/1989) ostavština je koja je nastala između 1905. i 1918. godine. U tom se fondu, pored slikovnoga i tiskanog materijala te osobnih dokumenata, nalaze i četiri vrlo osobno intonirana pisma. Uzevši u obzir činjenicu da je stvarateljica Fonda, Katarina Šćuka-Kukec, ostavila svoj zapis bez namjere da bude predočen očima javnosti, ovom su prigodom izostavljana ta četiri osobno intonirana pisma. Riječ je, dakle, o stvarateljici koja u svom životnom vijeku nije javno djelovala pa tako ni na području recepcije ne pripada skupu vrednovanih i/ili ovjerovljenih autora. U tom je kontekstu i sadržaj Fonda oslobođen bilo kakvih pretenzija da se svidi eventualnoj/potencijalnoj čitalačkoj publici. No, taj je sadržaj, osobito njegov slikovni dio, po svojoj intenciji u najvećoj mjeri neutralno i objektivno svjedočanstvo o dijelu povijesti školstva u Pazinu početkom 20. stoljeća. Dopis koji je uputila DAPA-i i dio slikovnoga gradiva stoga je i objavljen u ovom članku.
Copper-containing nanosystems based on macromolecular hydrophilic stabilizers
Authors: Valueva S. V. , Nazarova O. V. , Vylegzhanina M. E. , Borovikova L. N. , Zolotova Yu. I. , Panarin E. F.
Published: December 2019

An original method for the synthesis of copper-containing nanosystems for biomedical applications using hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent, intermediate stage of formation of complex ion [Cu(NH3)4]2+, which allows to obtain Cu0 nanoparticles without impurities of oxides has been developed. As a macromolecular hydrophilic stabilizer copolymer of 2-deoxy‑2-methacrylamido-D‑glucose with 2-dimethylaminoethylmethaacrylate or bovine serum albumin were used. It has been shown that such stabilization allows to achieve almost unimodal distribution of copper nanoparticles in aqueous solutions due to their rather good shielding by macromolecules.
On stability of stratified elastic geosystems in a gravity field
Authors: Ryzhak E. I. , Sinyukhina S. V.
Published: December 2019

Stability of stratified elastic geosystems in a gravity field is studied analytically with regard for the shear stiffness of geomaterial. A sufficient condition for stability of a geomass clamped at the lateral boundaries, is obtained: for any ratios of dimensions of the geomass it is sufficient for stability that the rate of density increase with depth (in the loaded equilibrium state) exceed a certain positive value which depends on shear stiffness so that the greater the stiffness, the less the value, and vice versa (the stabilizing effect of shear stiffness). At zero shear stiffness the value mentioned is maximal and characterizes the necessary and sufficient condition for stability of a bulk-elastic geomass. Geophysical consequences of obtained stability condition are analyzed.
The role of catecholamines in the development of pathological retina neovascularization in an experimental model of retinopathy of prematurity in rats
Authors: Katargina L. A. , Osipova N. A. , Panova A. Y. , Petrovskaya A. V. , Nikishina Y. O. , Murtazina A. R. , Ugrumov M. V.
Published: December 2019

This work is dedicated to prove our hypothesis that catecholamines and their metabolites play crucial role in development of retinopathy of prematurity, severe disabling fibrovasoproliferative vitreoretinal pathology of premature infants. Research was done on experimental model of retinopathy achieved by hyperohygenation in rats on 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th day of life. Amount of catecholamines and their metabolites in retina of rats was measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection. It was shown that L-DOPA on 21st and 30th day of life were lowered in model animals than in control and noradrenaline on 14 th day increased in model animals than in control. However we did not observed dopamine changes between experimental model and control. Given the literature data on cathecholamines and their role in regulation of vasculogenesis in retina, our data shows that changes in cathecholamine metabolism play crucial role in pathology of this severe illness.
中国传统文化在英语文学专业课程教学中的实践与思考——以“美国文学导论”课程为例
Authors: 吴 雨宁
Published: December 2019

在新“国标”的导向下,各高校英语专业在原有的人才培养目标“掌握英语语言文学的知识与技能,了解英语国家社会与文化”的基础上,不断融入中国特色和本土文化,致力于培养具备中国情怀和能够传播中华文明的新型英语专业人才。因此,英美文学的课程教学也必须改变传统教学内容和模式,将优秀的中国传统文学引入到英语文学的教学实践中。本文先分析了此举的必要性,并以文学方向主干课程中的“美国文学导论”为例,分别从实践方法和实现效果与反思两个方面,探究如何在具体的文学教学实践中构建起中外文化互通的桥梁,实现“外国文化引进来”与“中国文化走出去”的双向同步发展。
基于高校资助体系下感恩教育现状与对策研究
Authors: 王 涛 , 龚 璐璐 , 金 晓宇
Published: December 2019

我国自进入新时代以来,一直将扶贫工作作为我国工作的重点,而教育扶贫是整个扶贫的关键和重点内容。在教育扶贫工作中,应追求精准化资助,为教育质量的提升提供有利保障。近年来我国资助体系和政策日趋完善,大量的受助学生享受到国家政策,顺利完成学业任务。但是总体来看我国资助体系还存在着部分问题,如贫困生感恩意识淡薄等,严重影响了扶贫效果。对此各大高校应引起高度的重视,加大资助的教育宣传力度、注重提高贫困生的思想道德素质,培养贫困生的感恩情怀,使其珍惜来之不易的资助机会,激励其锐意进取,回报社会,提高其社会责任感,充分发挥资助对贫困生的教育和激励作用,体现教育的价值。基于此,本文从学生的思想、心理、德育、实践以及感恩教育机制等五个方面提出可行对策。
初中英语口语教学有效性探究
Authors: 江 海涛
Published: December 2019

初中英语口语的教学一直是教学中的“不治之症”,而“不治”的根源在于没有找到问题的关键部分。显而易见,英语口语教学的有效性与否直接影响了学生英语口语习得效果的好坏。找到“病源”,才能在此基础上开出“药方”,而最好的“药方”一定是建立在提高教学有效性的基础上。
通信工程专业生产实习教学改革的探索
Authors: 杨 帆
Published: December 2019

通信工程专业作为一门热门专业,近些年来对于人才培养的要求也在逐步提升,不仅仅局限于专业能力,还需要具备更强的实践能力和创新能力,迎合时代发展需要。故此,在通信工程专业生产实习教学改革中,应该正确看待专业特性,明确专业人才培养的要求,实现实训和竞赛模式有机整合,促进学生将所学的专业知识和能力灵活展现,对于提升学生的就业竞争优势具有积极意义。本文就通信工程专业生产实习教学改革进行探究,立足实际情况,针对其中的问题创新型提出解决思路,培养更多高素质人才。
浅谈游戏对幼儿发展的影响
Authors: 薛 琼琼
Published: December 2019

游戏对于幼儿的成长中有着十分重要的作用。游戏可以保护幼儿的天性,发掘其内在的潜能,提高交际能力、语言组织能力、认知能力以及培养良好的运动习惯。因此,游戏对于幼儿的教育是很有帮助的,游戏,是释放幼儿天性的最好形式。
竞争与和谐同在
Authors: 张 丹丹
Published: December 2019

班集体是学生赖以学习和生活的主要环境和社会组织,是学生进行社会交往的重要舞台。班级的氛围与文化,影响着每一个个体生命的成长与发展。作为班主任应该建设一个有特色的班集体,让学生既富有个性又充满朝气。
新时代高校思政教育与大学生职业生涯规划的融合与发展
Authors: 井 晓昌
Published: December 2019

目前,随着大学生就业形势日益严峻,对高校大学生职业生涯规划课程的改革创新提了更高要求,尤其是在新技术革命影响下剧烈的社会变迁当中,思考如何培养时代大学生,解决好当今面临的就业难等问题。本文仔细分析了当前职业生涯规划课程的不足,结合当前新时代高校思想政治教育的新方向,论述促进高校思想政治教育与大学生职业生涯规划融合发展的新思路,进而探索在新时代能够适应国家社会发展需要的人才培养路径。
民办高校发展现状及解决对策小议
Authors: 李 路
Published: December 2019

改革开放以后,特别是21世纪以来,我国的教育事业出现了突飞猛进式的进展,在高等教育之中,民办教育作为最亮眼的形式之一在我国教育事业中发挥了举足轻重的作用。近年来的民办高校发展势头良好,然而在其成长及壮大的过程中,总免不了出现各种各样的问题以及困难,本文注意到了几个要点,列举出了一些问题,并试述其解决对策,为解决民办高校现实中存在的问题提出一些建设性意见。
职业化背景下社会工作实务教学探讨
Authors: 郭 海燕
Published: December 2019

职业化是新时期高校社会工作实务教学的基本方向,职业化同时也对相应实务教学活动开展提出了一些新的要求。通过对部分高校社会工作实务教学状况进行分析可以看出,职业化的影响十分明显,但固有的教学不足较为多样,职业化背景下社会工作实务教学活动整体开展上的阻力也相对较大。本文将对新时期社会工作实务教学状况进行具体分析,并就如何在职业化背景下进行教学调整与优化提出合理建议。
独立学院《信息检索》课程教学改革探索与实践——以土建类学生为例
Authors: 石 涓力 , 张 爱玲 , 尹 钟
Published: December 2019

本文以四川大学锦城学院为例,通过土木学院和图书馆的共同努力,以需求为导向,探讨了应用型本科专业信息检索课程的教学改革措施。探索适合“新工科”培养模式下该课程与专业紧密结合发展的研究,并建立相对应的课程考评体系。
生活教育视野下幼儿园游戏化课程的开展
Authors: 张 艳敏
Published: December 2019

生活教育是当下我国教育改革背景下提出的一个新方向,陶行知先生曾提出“生活教育”的相关论点。生活教育视野下,幼儿教育注重教育与生活、与游戏的结合。游戏化课程是当下幼儿园的主要教学方式,对于幼儿而言,基于生理与心理两方面的局限性,游戏化课程可以吸引幼儿的注意力,寓教于乐,让幼儿在游戏中提升认知水平,丰富知识。在本文中,笔者对生活教育视野下幼儿园游戏化课程的发展进行研究,以为游戏化课程的优化提供参考和建议。
KEBHINEKAAN BANGSA INDONESIA: URGENSI DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Triguna I.B.G Yudha
Published: December 2019

Isu-isu SARA dan identitas, bahkan hampir selalu dikapitalisasi, diinstrumentalisasi, dan dimobilisasi dalam setiap kontestasi politik, baik pada tingkat lokal maupun nasional sehingga polarisasi masyarakat tidak hanya didasari pilihan politik, tetapi juga identitas primordial. Transformasi kebhinekaan ke dalam identitas nasional mengisyaratkan pentingnya mengurai relasi etnisitas dan sentimen primordial lainnya dengan nasionalisme. Kebanggaan terhadap identitas primordial harus berjalan seiring dengan kebanggaan berbangsa yang berbhineka. Membangun kohesi sosial dalam realitas bangsa yang plural menemukan urgensi dan relevansinya bagi keberhasilan transformasi bangsa Indonesia menjadi negara yang maju, adil, sejahtera, dan bermartabat di mata dunia.
ESENSI AJARAN MORALITAS DALAM TUTUR JATISWARA
Authors: Surawati Ni Made , Sri Winarti Ni Nyoman , Dwipayana A.A Putra
Published: December 2019

Karya sastra adalah sumber pengetahuan terutama dalam agama Hindu. Dalam penelitian ini dikaji sebuah karya sastra berjudul Tutur Jatiswara. Teks Tutur Jatiswara adalah sebuah karya sastra yang berisi ajaran perilaku dan teks-teks. Keindahan tutur gaya bahasa yang disampaikan pada awal teks, isi, dan juga analisis terhadap makna keindahan yang dikandung merupakan suatu keindahan dari hubungan antara orang tua dengan anak, di mana orang tua yang selalu menjadi suritauladan, dan menjadi pedoman bagi anak-anaknya, karena orang tua  juga yang akan mengawali untuk mendidik karakter-karakter, mental anak agar menjadi anak yang suputra, pentingnya peranan orang tua dalam membentuk jadi diri sang anak, agar kelak anaknya menjadi seorang yang mempunyai tata tingkah laku (moral) dalam kehidupan ini.
REAKTUALISASI FUNGSI BALE BANJAR DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Suryawati Putu
Published: December 2019

Artikel ini membahas tentang reaktualisasi fungsi bale banjar di Kota Denpasar. Pada era modernisasi saat ini, banjar-banjar khususnya yang berada di Kota Denpasar menampilkan wajah yang berbeda. Pesatnya pertumbuhan penduduk, tingginya demand akan ruang ekonomi karena munculnya ekonomi kapitalis, berubahnya pola pikir masyarakat yakni dari masyarakat agraris menjadi masyarakat industri dengan tuntutan produksi yang tinggi, membuat banjar mengalami reaktualisasi secara fungsional. Topik reaktualisasi fungsi bale banjar ini akan dibahas dengan pendekatan sosiologi, menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dari observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen.
KONSEP KETUHANAN DAN KEMANUSIAAN DALAM HINDU
Authors: Triguna IBG Yudha
Published: December 2019

Artikel ini membahas tentang konsep ketuhanan dan kemanusiaan dalam Hindu implikasinya terhadap hubungan antar manusia. Hindu percaya kepada satu Tuhan yang dipersonifikasi ke dalam banyak nama, atribut, dan tugas-fungsi. Kepercyaan terhadap personifikasi Tuhan dalam banyak ragam, dilandasioleh pahamSaguna Brahman. Keyakinan terhadap Tuhan dengan manifestasiNya yang jamak, telah menginspirasi seluruh rangkaian upacara dalam Hindu, baik dalam kaitannya dengan sepanjang hidup individu, upacara menjaga kelestarian alam, keselamatan dan kebahagiaan. Konsistensi pikiran, perkataan, dan perbuatan menentukan manusia mencapai neraka, sorga, dan moksa sebagai dunia setelah kematian, sekaligus menjadi ukuran keselamatan dalam hidup.
PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN KEGIATAN BINA KELUARGA BALITA DI DESA BEBANDEM KECAMATAN BEBANDEM KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: ALIT SAPUTRA I GUSTI NGURAH
Published: December 2019

Maksud Penelitian ini adalah untuk  mengetahui sejauhmana pelaksanaan Program KB melalui kelompok BKB dan permasalahan apa  yang terjadi dalam penerapan koordinasi lintas organisasi perangkat  Desa yang dilakukan oleh pemerintahan Desa Bebandem dalam program  Bina Keluarga Balita. Tujuan penelitian ini  adalah  untuk mengetahui deskripsi analisis persepsi petugas tentang pelaksanaan Koordinasi lintas sektoral terkait di desa Bebandem, Kecamatan Bebandem Kabupaten Karangasem  dan untuk mengetahui hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi pemerintahan desa dalam pelaksanaan fungsi Koordinasi lintas organisasi perangkat kecamatan dan desa Bebandem.
ПРО ПРАВОВУ ПРИРОДУ ЗОБОВ'ЯЗАНЬ ГАРАНТА ЗА БАНКІВСЬКОЮ ГАРАНТІЄЮ
Authors: Погрібний С. О.
Published: December 2019

Наведена стаття присвячена дослідженню питання з'ясування правової природи зобов'язань, що виникають у гаранта у цивільних відносинах з банківської гарантії. Автор визначає характер відносин учасників банківської гарантії — гаранта, принципала та бенефіціара, характер їх взаємних зобов'язань, специфіку правовідносин між ними. З огляду на обрану проблематику автор зосередив свою увагу на питаннях поняття та правової природи банківської гарантії, характеру обов'язків гаранта перед бенефіціаром, незалежності гарантії від основного зобов'язання, правових наслідках порушення борж­ником зобов'язання, забезпеченого гарантією, порядку пред'явлення вимоги бенефіціара до гаранта про сплату грошової суми, строку пред'явлення вимоги бенефіціара до гаран­та, меж здійснення обов'язку гаранта тощо.

 

The Resulted article is devoted research of question of determination of legal nature of obligations, arising up for a guarantor in civil relations from a bank guarantee. An author determines character of relations of participants of bank guarantee — guarantor, principala that fide-comissary, character of their mutual obligations, specific of legal relationships between them. Having regard to select problematiku an author turned the attention on questions of concept and legal nature of bank guarantee, character of duties of guarantor before a beneficiary, to independence of guarantee from a basic obligation, law consequences of violation of obligation, provided with a guarantee a debtor, order of producing of requirement of beneficiary to the guarantor about payment of money sum, line of producing of requirement of beneficiary to the guarantor, limits of realization of duty of guarantor.
Characterizing Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen Demand Load Reductions from Pulp and Paper Mills for Activities Related to Total Maximum Daily Loads
Authors: Palumbo James E. , Brown Linfield C.
Published: December 2019

Characterizing the effect of organic materials on receiving water-dissolved oxygen levels is important in water quality assessment studies involving pulp and paper facilities. Long-term biochemical oxygen demand (LTBODBODBOD) tests of pulp and paper effluents can be used to estimate many important characteristics such as ultimate BODBODBOD, rate coefficients, ultimate to 5-day BODBODBOD ratios (f-ratios), and reactivity. However, many of these characteristics are difficult to forecast as a function of future efforts to improve wastewater treatment, which is precisely what is needed for typical water quality assessments such as total maximum daily loads (TMDLMDLMDL). We provide a conceptual framework using simulation to predict effluent BODBODBOD characteristics as a function of improved wastewater treatment. The simulations use equations that describe BODBODBOD kinetics and are able to reproduce trends in f-ratio observed at various pulp and paper facilities and predict BODBODBOD reactivity as a function of treatment.
Impact of High-Yield Pulp Substitution on the Brightness Stability of Uncoated Wood-Free Paper
Authors: He Zhibin , Hui Lanfeng , Liu Zhong , Ni Yonghao , Zhou Yajun
Published: December 2019

Without any fillers and optical brightening agents (OBAOBAOBAs), 15%–20% substitution of high-yield pulps (HYPs) for the hardwood bleached kraft pulp (BKP) in a paper furnish can decrease the brightness stability significantly because HYP contains a large amount of lignin. However, using mineral fillers such as precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and OBAOBAOBA in a HYP-containing paper can essentially eliminate the negative effect of HYP substitution on the brightness stability of uncoated wood-free paper. During the commercial production of traditional wood-free paper products, which usually use both PCC and OBAOBAOBA, 15%–20% HYP substitution for the hardwood BKP will not have practical impact on the paper brightness stability. Results from commercial printing and writing paper production support the same conclusion.
A Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Experimental Study of the Mixing Process for Dispersion of Synthetic Fibers in Wet-Lay Forming
Authors: Ramasubramanian Melur K. , Shiffler Donald A. , Jayachandran Amit
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we present results from a computational fluid dynamics (CFCFD) model for the mixing process used to disperse synthetic fibers in wet-lay process. We used CFCFD software, FLUENTFLUENTFLUENTFLUENTFLUENTFLUENT, together with the MIXSISIM user interface to accurately model the impeller geometry. A multiple reference frame (MRFRF) model and standard k-e turbulence model were used to model the problem. After obtaining a converged solution for the mixing tank with water, a discrete phase model was constructed by injecting spherical particles into the flow. A mixing tank with baffles and a centrally located impeller was used in experiments. PETET fibers (1.5 denier, 6.35 mm, 12.7 mm, and 38.7 mm) at a concentration of 0.01% were mixed in water for the study. In regions behind the baffles, where the model predicted higher concentration of particles, experimental results showed a 34% higher concentration relative to the region in the high turbulence zone near the center. Instantaneous sheets were formed by rapidly dipping and removing a flat wire mesh strainer into the tank at two different locations to assess the state of dispersion in the tank. The sheets were transferred onto a blotting paper and examined under a microscope to count defects. Results show that the number of rope defects was 43% higher in sheets drawn from the region behind the baffles than in the sheets drawn from regions near the center of the tank. Changing baffles from a rectangular to a triangular cross section decreased the number of rope defects, but increased the number of log defects in the sample sheets at the same location. The CFCFD model can be used to optimize mixing tank design for wet lay fiber dispersion. The model provides further insight into the mixing process by predicting the effect of changes in design parameters on dispersion quality.
Starch-modified fillers for linerboard and paper grades: A perspective review
Authors: DENG YULIN , JONES PHIL , MCLAIN LESLIE , RAGAUSKAS ART J.
Published: December 2019

High-filler-content paper is a growing research and development opportunity in papermaking. These new products must address traditional paper product properties while providing papermakers with distinct product platform benefits. Over the past decade, a research team involving researchers from the Institute of Paper Science and Technology at Georgia Institute of Technology and from Imerys have significantly advanced the application of starch-encapsulated papermaking fillers. This review summarizes these accomplishments from initial laboratory studies to mill trials. Laboratory results have illustrated that starch-encapsulated fillers can facilitate a near-doubling of filler content over conventional levels at equal tensile and z-direction tensile (ZDT) values. Equally important is that the use of starch-encapsulated kaolin (SEK) filler has been shown to facilitate a doubling of filler addition rate without any detrimental impact on ring crush compared with control studies with filler. Pilot-plant and mill trials have shown that SEK can function as a fiber extender, reduce steam demand for drying by 10%, and increase papermaking speeds and production rates.
Improving anaerobic conversion of pulp mill secondary sludge to biogas by pretreatment
Authors: WOOD NICHOLAS , TRAN HONGHI , MASTER EMMA
Published: December 2019

We examined the effectiveness of thermal, caustic, and sonication pretreatment methods in improving anaerobic conversion to biogas of secondary sludge samples obtained from a kraft mill and a sulfite mill. All three methods improved the anaerobic digestion rate and the biogas yield of the sludge samples. Thermal pretreatment was the most effective, followed closely by caustic pretreatment, and sonication the least. The total biogas productions per unit of chemical oxygen demand of sulfite sludge and kraft sludge samples were respectively 1.2 and 3 times higher with pretreatments than without. Also, the biogas production from the untreated sulfite mill sludge was 4 times higher than that from the untreated kraft mill sludge.
Accelerating kraft pulping with hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP)
Authors: BERRY RICHARD , SUN YUJUN , LUTHE CORINNE
Published: December 2019

Three hardwoods (aspen, maple, and birch) and one softwood (black spruce) were pulped under standard kraft cooking conditions with and without hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP). The H factor required to give a kappa number of 15 for the aspen furnish was decreased from 1,100 to 650 by adding 0.1% HEDP on wood. Significantly smaller rate increases were observed with birch and maple, and no rate increase was observed with the softwood furnish. When aspen and black spruce chips were impregnated with calcium, it was found that aspen delignification was retarded while there was no effect on black spruce. HEDP, therefore, appears to work by removing calcium which, in hardwoods, causes lignin to be strongly bonded to the fiber. Adding carbonate to the pulping liquor showed that carbonate has the same effect as HEDP by removing calcium as insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO3). These observations lead to the conclusion that HEDP is not an effective additive, even for hardwoods, when sufficient carbonate is present.
مدى رضا المراجعين في الجزائر عن الممارسة المهنية والمشكلات التي تواجههم
Authors: Alakhdar Laqleety
Published: December 2019

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع الممارسة المهنية للمراجعة من وجهة نظر مراجعي الحسابات. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فإن الباحث تعامل مع نوعين من البيانات هما البيانات الثانوية والبيانات الأولية. تم استخدام استبانه لجمع بيانات الدراسة تم توزيعها على عينه من المراجعين. وتوصلت هذه الدراسة إلى أن مهنة المراجعة لازالت تحتاج إلى المزيد من التطوير حتى يرقى أداؤها إلى المستوى المقبول. وبالتالي مواكبة التطورات و التحديات المعاصرة التي تواجهها الجزائر.
الفساد الاقتصادي بين الفقه الإسلامي والقانون الجزائري
Authors: Gayat Shariff
Published: December 2019

تسعى هذه الدراسة إلى تقديم رؤية وصفية حول دور الاقتصاد الإسلامي في مكافحة الفساد الاقتصادي، من منطلق أن الفساد الاقتصادي هو ظاهرة تنجم أساساً عن عدم تطبيق ما أمر الله به، وعدم الانتهاء عن ما نهانا الله عنه، أي عدم الالتزام بأحكام ومبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية بصفة عامة، وفي مجال المعاملات الاقتصادية بصفة خاصة. وأمام كون الفساد ظاهرة خطيرة عرفتها كافة المجتمعات في كل الأزمنة والعصور، وحجمها آخذ في التفاقم إلى درجة أصبحت تهدد مجتمعات كثيرة بالجمود وربما بالانهيار، لذلك فإن مواجهة هذه الظاهرة في ظل النظام الحالي لم يعد يجدي نفعاً، بل إن لجوء دولنا العربية إلى النظام الإسلامي أصبح ضرورة حتمية لا مناص منها لمعالجة ومكافحة هذه الظاهرة. وبالتالي نجد أن الاقتصاد الإسلامي قد قدّم، بنظامه المتميز ومبادئه الراقية المستمدة من كتاب الله سبحانه وتعالى وسنة رسوله الكريم محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم)، حلولاً جذرية لمشكلة الفساد – بصفة عامة – والفساد الاقتصادي بصفة خاصة، وهذا ما سيؤدي حتماً إلى تحقيق تنمية مستدامة في دولنا العربية عامة، والجزائر خاصة. الكلمات المفتاحية : الاقتصاد الإسلامي، الفساد، الفساد الاقتصادي، القانون الجزائري.
Virus Like Particles as Immunogens and Universal Nanocarriers
Authors: NASKALSKA ANTONINA , PYRĆ KRZYSZTOF
Published: December 2019

Over the last two decades virus-like particles (VLPs) have become an important tool in biomedical research and medicine. VLPs are multiprotein structures that resemble viable virus particles in conformation but lack the viral genome. Consequently, they are non‑infectious and non‑replicative, but retain the ability to penetrate cells, making them useful for a vast spectrum of applications. Above all, VLPs mimicking genuine viruses in antigenic structure provide a safe alternative to attenuated and inactivated viruses in vaccine development. Moreover, due to their transducing proprieties, VLPs may efficiently deliver foreign nucleic acids, proteins, or conjugated compounds to the organism, or even to specific cell types. Additionally, VLPs are versatile nanovectors due to their flexibility in terms of composition and expression systems. In this review, different approaches for of virus-like particle synthesis and manipulation, as well as their potential applications, will be discussed.
Role of antagonistic microorganisms and organic amendment in stimulating the defense system of okra against root rotting fungi
Authors: SHAFIQUE HAFIZA ASMA , SULTANA VIQAR , ARA JEHAN , EHTESHAMUL-HAQUE SYED , ATHAR MOHAMMAD
Published: December 2019

Without application of chemical pesticides control of soilborne diseases is a great challenge. Stimulation of natural plant's defense is considered as one of the most promising alternative strategy for crop protection. Organic amendment of soil besides direct suppressing the pathogen, has been reported to have an influence on phytochemicals in plants. In the present study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium and Paecilomyces lilacinus, an egg parasite of root knot and cysts nematodes were examined individually and in combination in soil amended with cotton cake for suppressing the root rotting fungi and stimulating the synthesis of polyphenols and improving the antioxidant status in okra. Application of P. aeruginosa and P. lilacinus in soil amended with cotton cake significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium solani with complete reduction of Rhizoctonia solani. Combine use of biocontrol agents in cotton cake amended soil showed maximum positive impact on plant growth, polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity in okra.
Conservation of the Biocatalytic Activity of Whole Yeast Cells by Supported Sol – Gel Entrapment for Efficient Acyloin Condensation
Authors: Nagy-Győr László , Farkas Emese , Lăcătuș Mihai , Tóth Gergő , Incze Dániel , Hornyánszky Gábor , Bódai Viktória , Paizs Csaba , Poppe László , Balogh-Weiser Diána
Published: December 2019

In this study, an efficient and generally applicable 2nd generation sol – gel entrapment method was developed for immobilization of yeastcells. Cells of Lodderomyces elongisporus, Candida norvegica, Debaryomyces fabryi, Pichia carsonii strains in admixture with hollow silica microspheres support were immobilized in sol – gel matrix obtained from polycondensation of tetraethoxysilane. As biocatalysts in theselective acyloin condensation of benzaldehyde catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase of the yeast, the novel immobilized whole-cell preparations were compared to other states of the cells such as freshly harvested wet cell paste, lyophilized cells and sol – gel entrapped preparations without hollow silica microspheres support. Reusability and storability studies designated this novel 2nd generation sol – gel method as a promising alternative for solid formulation of whole-cells bypassing expensive and difficult downstream steps while providing easy-to-handle and stable biocatalysts with long-term preservation of the biocatalytic activity.
Часовий аспект детермінанти «орієнтація на майбутнє» та його роль у формуванні життєвої позиції підлітків
Authors: Анге А. М. Ондо
Published: December 2019

В статті розглянуто часовий аспект детермінанти «орієнтація на майбутнє» та його роль у формуванні життєвої позиції підлітків. Відомим є факт, що залежно від свого віку особистість сприймає час по-різному. Час як константа людського буття має великий вплив на весь психічний світ людини, в тому числі і на формування життєвої позиції особистості. Особливо яскраво це можна побачити у підлітковому віці, коли одночасно починається становлення часової перспективи особистості і формування її життєвої позиції. Орієнтація на майбутнє в її часовому та змістовному аспектах є детермінантою формування життєвої позиції підлітка. Метою статті є експериментальне дослідження часових установок особистості як часового аспекту детермінанти «орієнтація на майбутнє» та їхньої роль у формуванні життєвої позиції підлітків. Часові установки підлітків були досліджені за допомогою «Методу незакінчених речень» С. І. Подмазіна та О. І. Сібіль в модифікації І. В. Михайлової. Експериментально були досліджені такі установки, як «Я-минуле», «Я-теперішнє», «Я-майбутнє». «Я – минуле» містить в собі суб'єктний досвід особистості, системи спонукань та стимулювання особистості, окреслює рубежі та характер саморозвитку, обумовлює успіх його у теперішньому часі, забезпечує впевненість або підриває майбутнє. «Я теперішнє» включає систему знань про себе та про світ, систему саморегуляції, систему способів самореалізації у житті і способів саморозвитку, систему самоставлення, надає сенс майбутньому, робить його пасивним або активним, а також реалізує або коректує результати минулого. «Я – майбутнє» - це система проектів себе, свого життя, ієрархія цілей, критеріїв успішності та компетентності. Зв'язок цих трьох часових установок у свідомості особистості складається в картину життєвого шляху, він в структурі індивідуального часу може бути розглянутий крізь призму уявлень особистості про майбутнє За всіма трьома установками респонденти показали три рівні показників: високі, середні та низькі, які були інтерпретовані в контексті формування життєвої позиції особистості. Більшість респондентів продемонстрували середні показники за всіма трьома часовими установками, що є нормальним станом речей, тим більше, в підлітковому віці. В статті продемонстровані також психологічні особливості кожного з рівнів показників часових установок.
THE CALCULATIONS OF AREAS AND VOLUMES USING THE METHOD OF ARCHIMEDES: SOME DIDACTIC CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Bussotti Paolo
Published: December 2019

An interdisciplinary approach to education is nowadays considered an important aspect to improve the critical skills of the learners so that they can guess how several aspects of the human knowledge are interconnected. A key aspect of interdisciplinary education is represented by the use of the history of a certain subject within the teaching of the subject itself. This is particularly conspicuous in science education. For, the appropriate and not superficial introduction of historical elements within science education allows the pupils to discover the human aspects of science, the problems behind the creation and development of many concepts, which are often presented only in a formal manner. As a matter of fact, after having grasped that some problems are difficult and after having understood and appreciated the efforts that in the course of history the scientists have carried out to solve such problems, the learners will accept the necessity of a formalization and will not consider such a formalization as a sort of abstract doctrine imposed by the teachers for unspecified reasons. Furthermore, history of science has profound relations with history, mathematics, science, philosophy, physique and technique, so that it is a typical interdisciplinary subject which can be exploited in an educative context.
EXAMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SIMULATION-BASED LESSONS IN IMPROVING THE TEACHING OF HIGH SCHOOL PHYSICS: GHANAIAN PRE SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES
Authors: Agyei Elizabeth Darko , Jita Thuthukile , Jita Loyiso C.
Published: December 2019

Teacher-dominated approach is still the most adopted teaching strategy in Ghanaian high schools despite the Government of Ghana’s initiatives to support technology-oriented, learner-centred and interactive teaching practices. This study examined the effectiveness of simulation-based lessons in improving the teaching of high school physics by adapting the five dimensions for meaningful learning with information and communication technology model by Howland, Jonassen and Marra (2012) as a theoretical lens. Using an explanatory case study design, eight pre-service physics teachers from the University of Cape Coast, Ghana were engaged to develop and design simulation-based physics lessons in design teams and enact these lessons among themselves in microteaching sessions. Results showed that the simulation-based lessons were effective in that the pre-service teachers’ teaching practices improved to be learner-centred and interactive. The results also suggested that although a combination of all the dimensions of meaningful learning was key to the effectiveness observed with each of the simulation-based lessons, the Cooperative dimension was found to possess a unique potential for sustaining the other dimensions in order to facilitate improvements in the teaching of physics with simulations.
Keywords: high school physics, ICT, interactive teaching, pre-service teachers, simulation-based lessons.
KEBIJAKAN "OPEN SKY" BAGI PERKEMBANGAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN INDUSTRI PENERBANGAN DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DAN KERJASAMA INTERNASIONAL KAJIAN: INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, DAN VIETNAM
Authors: Hutagalung Siti Merida , Simatupang Ruth Hanna , Herindrasti Sinta
Published: December 2019

Ruang udara nasional negara-negara anggota ASEAN telah ditetapkan menjadi langit terbuka bagi penerbangan diantara  sejak tahun 2010. Penerapan kebijakan open sky tersebut tidak seluruhnya dapat dilakukan serempak karena terkait dengan masalah regulasi, penyiapan dan kesiapan infrastruktur karena terkait dengan kondisi ekonomi masing-masing negara dan teknis penerbangan. Kebijakan open sky walau sarat dengan masalah regulasi dan kerjasama internasional dalam bidang bisnis dan ekonomi tetap harus diterapkan. Hal tersebut terkait dengan globalisasi dan peningkatan kesejahteraan regional di Asia Tenggara. Saat ini masalah tersebut dilakukan melalui perjanjian bilateral dan multilateral diantara negara-diantara anggota, termasuk Indonesia, Malaysia dan Vietnam. Praktik penerapan kebijakan open sky terbukti dapat mengembangkan industri penerbangan. Permasalahan ini diteliti dengan menerapkan metodologi penelitian analisis deskriptif dan yuridis normatif. Untuk membahas permasalahan diterapkan teori kedaulatan, teori kebijakan publik dan teori kerjasama internasional agar permasalahan terungkap dengan tuntas.

Kata kunci: ASEAN, open sky, industri penerbangan

Abstract

The national air space of the countries members of ASEAN had been set to be open skies for flights between them since the year 2010. The application of the open sky policy is not entirely can be performed synchronously because of regulatory issues, related to the preparation and readiness infrastructure because economic conditions associated with each country and technical flight. The open sky policy although laden with regulatory issues and international cooperation in the field of business and economy should still be applied. It is associated with globalization and increased regional prosperity in Southeast Asia. Currently the issue is done through bilateral and multilateral agreements between the countries among the members, including Indonesia, Malaysia and Viet Nam. Practice of application of the open sky policy proved to be able to develop the aviation industry. This issue was examined by applying research methodology descriptive and normative juridical analysis. The problem is discussed by implementing the theory of sovereignty, public policy and the theory of international cooperation so that the problems unfold completely.

Keywords: ASEAN, open sky, aviation industry
MENGKAJI PERAN UN WOMEN DALAM MENGATASI KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DAN MEWUJUDKAN KESETARAAN GENDER MELALUI PERSPEKTIF FEMINISME
Authors: Ramadhan Iqbal , Maâ€™sumah Innesia
Published: December 2019

This research discusses about the role and effectiveness of UN Women as the real implementation of the Feminist paradigm and as an International Organization that upholds women's right in solving important issues related to women's rights, like violence against women and gender inequality. To analyse the issue on this journal, authors uses gender concept and feminist securitical approach. It also gives a stand point about the two main paradigms of International Relations, Realist and Liberalist, and its relation to Feminists regarding gender inequality and violence on women. The result of this research is that UN Women is quite effective in dealing with Feminist issues although it has not experienced significant improvement. However, UN Women's efforts should be appreciated for fighting for women's rights.

 

Keywords: UN Women, Feminist, Violence against Women, Gender Inequality

 

 

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran dan efektivitas UN Women sebagai implementasi nyata dari paradigma Feminis dan merupakan Organisasi Internasional yang menjunjung tinggi hak perempuan dalam menyelesaikan isu-isu penting terkait dengan perempuan yaitu kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan ketimpangan gender. Dalam menganalisis isu pada jurnal ini, penulis menggunakan konsep gender dan pendekatan keamanan feminis. Penelitian ini juga memberikan kritik terhadap dua paradigma utama Hubungan Internasional yaitu Realis dan Liberalis dalam keterkaitannya dengan Feminis terkait ketimpangan gender dan kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah UN Women cukup efektif dalam menangani isu-isu Feminis walaupun belum mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Namun upaya UN Women harus diapresiasi karena telah memperjuangkan hak perempuan.

 

Kata Kunci: UN Women, Feminis, Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan, Ketimpangan Gender
Gram-negative hospital pathogens at risk of severe bacterial infection
Authors: Gabrielyan N. I. , Sharapchenko S. O. , Drabkina I. V. , Kubanova M. Kh. , Krupenio T. V. , Romashkina L. Yu. , Safonova T. B. , Petrukhina M. I. , Stolyarova L. G.
Published: December 2019

Background.Nosocomial infections remain an urgent problem of modern medicine. Along with bacterial infection of the bloodstream a special danger is posed by ventilation-dependent lung infection (VDLI), the main source which are still at the intensive care unit (ICU).

Objectives.Assessment of the spread of bacterial infections in ICU over a five-year period. Analysis of the severity of postoperative complications depending on the infection location.

Methods.A retrospective analysis of the frequency and form of blood flow and ventilation-dependent lung infection in patients, operated under cardiopulmonary bypass in the years 2013–2017.

Results.The rate of blood contamination in the departments ranged from 8.0 to 9.8 %; against the ICU — from 17 to 24 % (p < 0,01). Gram-negative associated mortality was significantly higher than gram-positive (p < 0.001). Acinetobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. are the most common agents. Analysis of the primary detection of the pathogen showed that in 73.6 % of cases, the trachea is the area of the initial localization of combined-form infection.

Conclusions.The risk of bacterial complications in the early postoperative period is associated with gram-negative pathogen s (Acinetobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp.). Constant bacteriological monitoring in ICU is an effective prognostic tool of blood flow and ventilation-dependent lung infection.
Assessment of severity and pattern of irreversible organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic scleroderma
Authors: Petrov A. V. , Gaffarova A. S.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the degree and pattern of irreversible changes in the organs and systems of the body using the SLICC damage index in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic scleroderma (SSc) with a disease duration of more than 5 years. Data were obtained from a high incidence of adverse changes in patients with SLE and SSc. In patients with SLE, adverse changes in the cardiovascular system, central nervous system in the form of acute cerebral circulation disorders and seizures, as well as venous thrombosis, damage to the organ of vision in the form of cataracts, proteinuria (more than 3.5 g per day) and alopecia prevailed. Patients with SSc more often developed lesions of the respiratory organs in the form of pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension, the musculoskeletal system, skin and neuropathy of the cranial nerves and peripheral nerves.
Features of dental implants’ positioning
Authors: Yablokov A. E. , Ivaschenko A. V. , Fediaev I. M. , Kolganov I. N. , Arkhipov V. Ya. , Tlustenko V. P. , Nesterov A. M. , Chigarina S. E.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. According to WHO, the absence of teeth occurs in various regions of the globe in 75 % of the population [1]. In the Russian Federation, tooth extraction in 35–44 years is 5.50 %, in patients older than 44 years is 17.29 % of the total number of people applying for dental treatment. Purpose. To analyze the theoretical basis for the positioning of dental implants. Materials and methods. The authors of the article carried out a retrospective analysis of the literature data on the theoretical basis for the positioning of dental implants. It was revealed that modern implantology successfully solves many problems of rehabilitation of patients with dentition defects. The conclusion. Improper positioning of dental implants entails a number of surgical and orthopedic problems, leading to disruption of the osteointegration of dental implants and, consequently, the inability of the dental implant to function.
Standard operating procedures as a basis for nurse activities in functional diagnostics departments
Authors: Neroeva G. A. , Grokholskaya V. V. , Shchedrina E. V. , Klyushnikova I. E. , Pugachev M. V.
Published: December 2019

The article highlights the current understanding of the role of standard operating procedures in the quality management system of medical organizations on the example of functional diagnostics departments with an emphasis on the activities of nursing staff. An example of a standard operating procedure is given.
The roots of electroencephalography (to the 90th anniversary of the original editions of Hans Berger’s work)
Authors: Aleksandrov M. V.
Published: December 2019

The history of electroencephalography begins since 1929, when german psychiatrist Hans Berger published the results of his long-term research on scalp recordings of the integral bioelectrical activity of human brain. Berger coined the term «electroencephalography» and the abbreviation «EEG», characterized the basic patterns of activity, described phenomena of synchronization and desynchronization. Hans Berger legitimately went down into the history of medicine as «the father of EEG». Being a scrupulously honest scientist, Berger rightfully emphasized the impact of studies by russian physiologist Pravdich-Neminsky on «experimental electroencephalography».
Non-viral liver diseases: pathogenetic approaches to therapy
Authors: Osadchuk M. A. , Mironova E. D.
Published: December 2019

Alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are chronic non-communicable diseases with an extremely high prevalence among the world's population. Currently, there is a tendency to a rapid increase in their number with frequent disability of patients and a high need for liver transplantation. Violations of the main metabolic processes in the liver under the influence of exogenous and endogenous factors are the starting point in the development of alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver pathology. This review discusses the main recommendations for non-drug and drug management of patients with liver diseases of non-viral etiology with a detailed description of the main hepatoprotectors with an emphasis on the universal properties of silymarin.
Ammonium breath test in diagnostics of Helicobacter pylori infection: analysis of efficacy
Authors: Uspenskiy Y. P. , Baryshnikova N. V.
Published: December 2019

The article provides an overview of scientific Russian and foreign data on the assessment of the effectiveness of ammonium test in the diagnostic of Helicobacter pylori infection. The results of the studies showed high parameters of sensitivity and specificity of this test, which allows to recommend it for use in routine gastroenterological practice for detection of Helicobacter pylori.
Psychological status and quality of life of patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Fominykh Yu. A. , Gorbachyova I. A. , Uspenskiy Yu. P. , Gulunov Z. Kh. , Sousova Ya. V.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the results of the study of the psychological status and quality of life of patients with metabolic syndrome depending on the disorders of motor function of the intestine. The level of anxiety and depression was assessed according to the HADS questionnaire, the quality of life of patients according to SF-36 scale and GSRS questionnaire.