bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Light at Night Accompanied by Noise Leads to Poor Educational Achievements of Schoolchildren
Authors: shama hassan , Portnov Boris
Published: August 2024

If schoolchildren are exposed to artificial light at night and noise, they do not sleep well and wake up tired in the morning, which can adversely affect their school grades. In this study, we verify this hypothesis by measuring nighttime light and noise in schoolchildren’s bedrooms and comparing these measurements with their educational achievements in various subjects. During the six-week study, the schoolchildren used the AndroSensor smartphone app to monitor illumination and noise and the ZeppLife app to monitor sleep. The measurements were compared to the grades the schoolchildren obtained during the corresponding school quarter. Grades in Arabic, Hebrew, English, mathematics, humanities, and sciences were analysed separately. The analysis reveals that exposure to artificial light before sleep was significantly associated with low grades in all subjects, but particularly with grades in mathematics and sciences (p<0.01). Although the same effect was found for noise, the combined effect of nighttime light and noise was stronger if the two types of exposure occurred simultaneously. As we conclude, exposure to light and noise tends to interfere with educational achievements of schoolchildren and should therefore be a public policy concern.
Magnon-Cherenkov effect in superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures
Authors: Knauer Sebastian , Dobrovolskiy Oleksandr , Wang Qi , Vodolazov Denis , Sachser Roland , Huth Michael , Buzdin Alexander
Published: August 2024

When a particle moves through a medium at a speed greater than the speed of light in that medium, it emits photons. This phenomenon, known as the Cherenkov effect, theoretically allows for the generation of excitations by moving sources in relativistic and non-relativistic systems. Magnons, the quasi-particles of spin waves, are collective excitations in magnetically ordered media used for wave-based computing and vow to be a building block for hybrid quantum systems. So far, while attractive for nanoscale magnonic circuits, short-wavelength magnons have not been accessible due to the lack of fast-moving sources. Here, we demonstrate the generation of magnons in a Co-Fe magnonic conduit by fast-moving (>1 km/s) magnetic flux quanta (Abrikosov vortices) in an adjacent Nb-C superconducting strip. Our findings demonstrate the generation of sub-40nm wavelength magnons, their unidirectional excitation, and self-locked magnon-fluxon dynamics at the Cherenkov resonance condition. Beyond these initial demonstrations, the magnon-Cherenkov effect sustains superconductivity and enables on-chip magnon generation at high speeds. Our illustration of the magnon-Cherenkov effect could be expanded to encompass other wave types, such as surface acoustic waves.
Synergistic effects of E×B drifts and neutral recycling on core-edge integration for next-step fusion development
Authors: Du Hailong , Du Hailong , Guo Houyang , Wu Na , Wang Huiqian , Bonnin Xavier , Yang Zengchen , Chen Bin , Yan Ze , Fan Dongmei , Zhou Yulin , Xue Lei , Li Jiaxian , Wang Shuo , Xue Miao , Zheng Guoyao , Huang Zhi , Yan Longwen , Gao Jinming , Ji Xiaoquan , chen wei , Zhong Wulu , Xu Min , Wang Dezhen
Published: August 2024

It is increasingly urgent to address core-edge integration issues for the design and construction of next-step fusion devices. Evidence of density shelf has appeared, for the first time, in the HL-2A tokamak with a closed, long-leg divertor configuration for the ion drift toward the magnetic X-point. The density shelf is manifested as local flattening of the radial gradient of plasma density at the core-edge interface, hence reducing neutral penetration into the core plasma and potentially improving edge stability and confinement. We find that the formation of density shelf results from the synergistic effects of divertor closure and drifts: (i) the improved divertor closure to sufficiently reduce and even reverse the parallel plasma flow along B from the upstream plasma due to strong particle recycling inside the closed divertor; (ii) the drifts to redistribute particle fluxes at the divertor target with spontaneous generation of a double-peak profile, leading to the reversal of the poloidal flow near the separatrix. Such a density shelf is enhanced with increased power density and decreased power decay length.
Misinformation or Collaborative Cognition? Examining the Role of Bots in Manipulating Political Thought in Twitter Discourse
Authors: Ricciardone Sophia Melanson
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances human communication but also complicates information sharing in online political discourse. This paper empirically investigates AI-generated tweets’ impact on political discourse on Twitter. It analyzed 4,582 tweets on a contentious Canadian political topic in 2019, segmented into bot and human sub-corpora. Using WMatrix5, each corpus underwent semantic tagging across 21 discourse fields and 232 sub-classifications for statistical analysis. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient showed strong positive correlations between bot-generated and human-generated tweets on March 14, 2019 (r(8) = 0.87, p = .001), March 28–29, 2019 (r(8) = 0.87, p = .001), and April 8–9, 2019 (r(8) = 0.91, p < .001). A linear regression model demonstrated that the bot-generated corpus significantly predicted variance in the semantic content of human-generated tweets, suggesting predictive influence of bot posts on human discourse.
A plasma proteomic signature links secretome of senescent monocytes to aging- and obesity-related clinical outcomes in humans
Authors: Basisty Nathan , Olinger Bradley , Banarjee Reema , Dey Amit , Tsitsipatis Dimitrios , Tanaka Toshiko , Ram Anjana , Nyunt Thedoe , Daya Gulzar , Peng Zhongsheng , Cui Linna , Candia Julián , Simonsick Eleanor , Gorospe Myriam , Walker Keenan , Ferrucci Luigi
Published: August 2024

Cellular senescence increases with age and contributes to age-related declines and pathologies. We identified circulating biomarkers of senescence associated with diverse clinical traits in humans to facilitate future non-invasive assessment of individual senescence burden and efficacy testing of novel senotherapeutics. Using a novel nanoparticle-based proteomic workflow, we profiled the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in monocytes and examined these proteins in plasma samples (N = 1060) from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Machine learning models trained on monocyte SASP associated with several age-related phenotypes in a test cohort, including body fat composition, blood lipids, inflammation, and mobility-related traits, among others. Notably, a subset of SASP-based predictions, including a ‘high impact’ SASP panel that predicts age- and obesity-related clinical traits, were validated in InCHIANTI, an independent aging cohort. These results demonstrate the clinical relevance of the circulating SASP and identify relevant biomarkers of senescence that could inform future clinical studies.
Artificial intelligence and marketing innovation: The mediating role of organizational culture
Authors: Awad Abdelrehim
Published: August 2024

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the e-commerce landscape, prompting businesses to adopt innovative marketing strategies. This study investigates the relationship between AI applications and marketing innovation in Egyptian e-commerce retailers, with a focus on the mediating role of organizational culture. The research employed a quantitative approach, utilizing a survey to gather data from 260 Egyptian e-retail store owners, managers, and marketers. The findings reveal a significant positive correlation between AI applications and marketing innovation, with organizational culture playing a crucial mediating role. The correlation coefficient (R) between AI and organizational culture was found to be 0.76, indicating that AI explains 57% of the variance in organizational culture. Similarly, the correlation coefficient (R) between AI and marketing innovation was 0.70, suggesting that AI explains 49% of the variance in marketing innovation. Path analysis further demonstrated a significant indirect effect of AI on marketing innovation through organizational culture. The study concludes that the integration of AI into marketing strategies can substantially enhance innovation, particularly when complemented by a supportive organizational culture. It underscores the importance for e-commerce retailers to invest in AI technologies and cultivate a culture that embraces technological advancements to drive marketing innovation and achieve sustainable competitive advantage.
AcknowledgmentThe authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.
The Interplay between Protein Frustration and Hotspot Formation
Authors: Q. Froes Thamires , S. Castilho Marcelo
Published: August 2024

Hotspots situated at protein-protein interfaces, allosteric and orthosteric binding sites, traditionally play a crucial role in the initial phases of drug discovery, as they are useful to identify druggable targets and guide the optimization of fragments into lead compounds. Despite the high level of protein frustration, which can be thought of as the percentage of residues that cannot independently achieve minimum energy due to tridimensional restraints, observed at those locations, limited efforts have been made to investigate any potential connection between the localized frustration and hotspots in proteins. This review paper aims to partially address this knowledge gap by proposing that the origin of hotspots is, at least in part, due to localized frustration in proteins. While there is no hard evidence to support this hypothesis, the results obtained by integrating in silico tools predicting hot spot locations, with those calculating localized protein frustration, suggest that druggable hotspots are surrounded by residues involved in frustrated contacts. Additionally, the inclusion of long-range electrostatic terms in the protein frustration calculation enables the identification of an equal to a higher number of frustrated residues. These observations indirectly suggest that localized protein frustration around druggable hotspots could guide the development of more potent leads.
Implementasi Ekstrakurikuler Gamelan dalam Menanamkan Nilai Karakter Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sadiyah Wafiq Wahidatus
Published: August 2024

Pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) menjadi jenjang pertama dalam pendidikan di Indonesia, dimana dalam pendidikan usia dini memuat 6 aspek perkembangan yang meliputi nilai agama dan moral, aspek fisik motorik, kognitif, sosial emosional, bahasa, dan seni. Seni musik dapat diajarkan pada anak ketika sedang pembelajaran berlangsung ataupun sebagai ekstrakurikuler. Gamelan bertujuan untuk menstimulasi aspek perkembangan anak serta mengembangkan karakter anak usia dini berupa peningkatan rasa tanggung jawab, disiplin, santun, toleransi dan juga gamelan sebagai rasa cinta tanah air serta karakter kebangsaan. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, menggunakan metode survei data yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa: observasi dan dokumentasi, serta wawancara secara mendalam terhadap informan. Data tersebut dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yang baik dalam membentuk dan menanamkan nilai karakter di TK dengan mewawancarai informan yang dilihat dari aspek alat musik gamelan dan instrumen musik. Adapun pendidik dan murid sama-sama memiliki pengaruh positif dan pengaruh negatif terhadap nilai karakter anak.
Peran Orangtua dalam Pengenalan Sex Education Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Pratiwi Srie Maya , Gandana Gilar
Published: August 2024

Belakangan ini, jumlah kasus pelecehan seksual semakin meningkat, terutama terhadap anak-anak. Hal ini merupakan ancaman serius bagi bangsa karena dapat merusak fisik, mental, pola pikir, dan kesehatan mental anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan berbagai sumber, yaitu buku, jurnal dan penelitian terdahulu. Peran orang tua sangat penting dalam pendidikan seks anak. Setiap orang tua mempunyai tanggung jawab, antara lain: 1) melahirkan, 2) mengasuh, 3) mengasuh anak, 4) orientasi menuju kedewasaan, dan 5) menanamkan norma dan nilai dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, orang tua juga harus mampu mengembangkan potensi anak, memberikan teladan dan mengembangkan pendidikan seks pada anak usia dini yang sangat penting serta peran orang tua dalam memberikannya tidak bisa diabaikan. Orang tua harus menyadari tanggung jawabnya dalam membimbing anak dengan benar dan memberikan informasi yang benar tentang seksualitas, sehingga anak dapat tumbuh menjadi individu yang sehat jasmani, rohani dan emosi.
Teorias, Perspectivas e Práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Alves Daniel Cardoso
Published: August 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar a coerência entre as práticas pedagógicas, suas teorias, perspectivas e bases filosóficas, segundo o ponto de vista de estudantes de Pedagogia da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Campus universitário de Belo Horizonte (FaE/UEMG-CBH), os quais encontram-se em estágio inicial de formação. A partir da premissa de que esses estudantes, ainda que com formação acadêmica padrão, quando da sua atuação, desenvolverão perfis e práticas pedagógicas diferenciadas, a questão que permeia a pesquisa aqui apresentada é a seguinte: O que influencia essa diferença de perfis docentes em suas práticas pedagógicas? Metodologicamente, a pesquisa se caracteriza como um estudo de caso, com abordagem que conbina métodos de análise quantitativa e qualitativa de conteúdo, cujos procedimentos adotados foram a revisão bibliográfica e a pesquisa de campo, esta ancorada no instrumento questionário estruturado. Como aporte teórico, serão exploradas correntes filosóficas e teorias psicológicas de forma associada às perspectivas pedagógicas de cunho fenomenológico, comportamentalista e dialógico, as quais constituem o questionário aplicado e que diz respeito à pesquisa em si. Dentre os resultados obtidos, apesar de ter prevalecido uma suposta tendência dos sujeitos pela perspectiva dialógica, constatamos que diferentes estilos pedagógicos constroem a identidade pedagógica do docente, a qual não se restringe a um mero enquadramento generalista e exclusivo de um ou outra perspectiva pedagógica.
Destinos da catarse coletiva: Do Transe à Vertigem, de Rodrigo Nunes
Authors: Coelho Caíque
Published: August 2024

O livro de Rodrigo Nunes, Do Transe à Vertigem: Ensaios sobre bolsonarismo e um mundo em transição, publicado pela Ubu Editora em 2022, se insere como uma ocorrência bibliográfica contemporânea ao fenômeno sobre o qual versa. A obra apresenta uma contribuição importante a respeito daquilo que se pode apreender filosoficamente sobre a entidade que se convencionou chamar de bolsonarismo a partir de uma perspectiva ao mesmo tempo sincrônica e diacrônica. Trata-se do esboço de uma ontologia política do bolsonarismo, apresentando a concretização desse movimento a partir da própria exterioridade de relações das quais ele é um resultado precário. Além disso, a obra também propõe repensar a maneira de compreender a significação de eventos políticos importantes da última década, como Junho de 2013, desenvolvendo uma concepção nuançada de realismo político.
Caminhos do método em Rancière:
Authors: Blanco Daniela Cunha
Published: August 2024

O texto pretende percorrer a construção do método em Jacques Rancière a partir de uma hipótese: a de que a aproximação do autor, no início de seu percurso teórico, com Louis Althusser, teria deixado marcas de um problema a solucionar, para o qual o pensamento de Michel Foucault em torno da arqueologia teria apontado um caminho. Constatando, em Althusser, uma política da escrita pautada na desigualdade, Rancière, teria sido duplamente influenciado, de um lado, pela experiência de uma igualdade radical em Joseph Jacotot e, de outro, pela possibilidade da construção de um método fundamentado na igualdade a partir da arqueologia de Foucault. O intuito do artigo será, assim, analisar esse percurso de aproximação e afastamento em relação ao pensamento de Althusser, seguido do encontro com as experiências de Jacotot e do encontro com a arqueologia de Foucault, extraindo daí o método que Rancière constrói em seus primeiros textos, em especial, em A noite dos proletários.
Different VH3-binding Protein A Resins Show Comparable VH3-binding Mediated Byproduct Separation Capabilities Despite Having Varied Dynamic Binding Capacities Towards A VH3 Fab
Authors: Hu Lixia , Wang Rongrong , Wu Qinxue , Wan Yan , Li Yifeng
Published: August 2024

Background:

Protein A resins have been widely used for product capture during mAb,
bispecific antibody (bsAb), and Fc-fusion protein purification. While Protein A ligands mainly
bind the Fc region, many of them can also bind the VH3 domain. During mAb/bsAb purification,
certain truncated byproducts may contain the same Fc region as the product but fewer numbers of
the VH3 domain. In such a scenario, VH3-binding Protein A resins provide a potential means for
byproduct separation based on the difference in VH3-binding valency. As the ligands of different
VH3-binding Protein A resins are derived from distinct domains of the native Protein A, it would
be interesting to know whether they possess comparable capabilities for separating species with
the same Fc region but different numbers of VH3 domain.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the potential of different VH3-binding Protein A resins for
separating antibody species with the same Fc region but different numbers of VH3 domain.

Methods:

The VH3 Fab was released from a VH3-containing mAb by papain digestion. Post digestion,
the released VH3 Fab was purified sequentially using CaptureSelect CH1-XL and MabSelect
SuRe affinity chromatography. The purified VH3 Fab was used as the load material to assess
the dynamic binding capacity (DBC) of five VH3-binding Protein A resins (i.e., Amshpere A3,
Jetted A50, MabCaptureC, MabSelect and MabSelect PrismA). The potential of VH3-binding Protein
A resins for separating species having the same Fc region but different numbers of VH3 domain
was evaluated using an artificial mixture composed of the product and a truncated byproduct,
which contained one and zero VH3 domain, respectively (both species contained the same Fc
region). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to
monitor Fab purification and separation of species containing the same Fc region but different
numbers of VH3 domain.

Results:

When loaded with an isolated VH3 Fab, different VH3-binding Protein A resins showed
varied DBCs. Nevertheless, when these Protein A resins were used to separate a truncated byproduct,
which contained the Fc region only without any VH3 domain, from the product, which included
one VH3 domain in addition to the Fc region, they showed comparable capabilities for separating
these two species.

Conclusion:

Although different VH3-binding Protein A resins showed varied DBCs towards a
VH3 Fab, they exhibited comparable capabilities for separating species with the same Fc region
but different numbers of VH3 domain.
The Anticancer Journey of Liquiritin: Insights into Its Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects
Authors: Bhat Asif Ahmad , Moglad Ehssan , Afzal Muhammad , Agrawal Neetu , Thapa Riya , almalki Waleed Hassan , Kazmi Imran , Alzarea Sami I. , Ali Haider , Sharma Sanjay , Singh Sachin Kumar , Dua Kamal , Gupta Gaurav
Published: August 2024

Liquiritin (LIQ), a bioactive flavonoid from Glycyrrhiza species, has shown
significant potential in cancer therapy. LIQ exhibits potent inhibitory effects on various
cancer cell types, including breast, lung, liver, and colon cancers, while demonstrating
low toxicity towards healthy cells. Its anticancer mechanisms include inducing cell cycle
arrest, promoting apoptosis, and modulating inflammation-related pathways. Additionally,
LIQ impedes angiogenesis and enhances the efficacy of conventional chemotherapies
through sensitization and synergistic effects with other natural compounds and targeted
therapies. These multifaceted actions highlight LIQ as a promising candidate for
further development as an anticancer agent. This abstract provides an overview of LIQ's
chemistry, biological effects, and underlying mechanisms.
Unveiling the Protective Role of Metformin against Chemotherapyinduced Cardiotoxicity: A Comprehensive Scoping Review on Nonclinical Studies
Authors: Rahimifard Mahban , Baeeri Maryam , Haghi-Aminjan Hamed , Abdollahi Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Chemotherapy therapies are effective in treating cancer, but
they can have harmful effects on the cardiovascular system. This study explores the possible
role of metformin in reducing the cardiac damage caused by chemotherapy.

Methods:

In this scoping review, we conducted a comprehensive literature search on
electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (ISI)) until November 2023.
The manuscript was screened regarding the role of metformin in chemotherapy-induced
cardiotoxicity. Finally, 26 papers were selected after double screening.

Result:

Chemotherapy has the potential to damage and cause cell death in the heart, resulting
in molecular, biochemical, and histological changes compared to an untreated
group. However, co-treatment with metformin may offer protection by preventing or reversing
these harmful effects on cardiac cells. Metformin's cardioprotective properties are
thought to be due to its ability to modulate oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy,
and the apoptotic pathway.

Conclusion:

The present study strongly suggests that metformin is an effective solution
to chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Metformin can alleviate the harmful effects of
chemotherapy on the heart by affecting oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, and
apoptosis pathways. However, it is essential to note that the use of metformin may have
some drawbacks, as it is a non-targeted therapy and could potentially reduce the effectiveness
of targeted cancer drugs. Despite this, the potential benefits of using metformin
in clinical settings cannot be ignored. Further studies are necessary to determine the specifics
of this interaction. Still, the promising results of this review suggest that metformin
may be an essential tool in the fight against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity.
Exploring the Bioactive Potential of Exotic Fruits from Sri Lanka: A Treasure Trove of Medicinal Properties
Authors: Dissanayake D. M. Danuri Savindi , Heshani I. G. Sahasra , Hassan Sadhana , Kuruppu Anchala I
Published: August 2024

Tropical fruits are often studied to determine their content of bioactive compounds
that contain health-enhancing properties and are often identified to hold a rich nutritional composition.
Their bioactive compounds are classified through their phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant
properties, while some tropical fruits are known to have other properties such as anticancer
and anti-inflammatory activity. Sri Lanka is an island with abundant resources. One
such resource is exotic fruits. Exotic fruits are known as edible fruits, which are not necessarily
native but consist of a unique flavor profile, fragrance, shape, or appearance. Exotic fruits are
usually consumed on their own or consumed as beverages, pickles, jams, salads, and desserts.
The market-friendly tropical fruits in Sri Lanka include a vast number, and some of them are
mango, Ceylon olives, durian, jackfruit, rambutan, soursop, passion fruit, and star fruit. These
fruits contribute to the rice culinary heritage of Sri Lanka, and most of them are exported
worldwide.

At present, the traditional medicine system is quite popular among the public due to its less
toxic nature and easy access. This review is aimed at evaluating the antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticancer,
and anti-inflammatory properties of eight selected exotic fruits mentioned above and
their traditional usage, which is based on the literature of various scientific studies conducted
on these tropical fruits.
Uterine Biosynthesis through Tissue Engineering: An Overview of Current Methods and Status
Authors: Sanjeev Krithika , Guruprasad Megaswana , Vikram Rachna , Priyadarshini Snigdha , Mazumder Adhish , Inderchand Manjubala
Published: August 2024

In the last few decades, the rates of infertility among women have been on the rise,
usually due to complications with the uterus and related tissue. A wide variety of reasons can
cause uterine factor infertility and can be congenital or a result of disease. Uterine transplantation
is currently used as a means to enable women with fertility issues to have a natural birth. However,
multiple risk factors are involved in uterine transplantation that threaten the lives of the
growing fetus and the mother, as a result of which the procedure is not prominently practiced.
Uterine tissue engineering provides a potential solution to infertility through the regeneration of
replacement of damaged tissue, thus allowing healing and restoration of reproductive capacity. It
involves the use of stem cells from the patient incorporated within biocompatible scaffolds to
regenerate the entire tissue. This manuscript discusses the need for uterine tissue engineering,
giving an overview of the biological and organic material involved in the process. There are
numerous existing animal models in which this procedure has been actualized, and the observations
from them have been compiled here. These models are used to develop a further understanding
of the integration of engineered tissues and the scope of tissue engineering as a treatment
for uterine disorders. Additionally, this paper examines the scope and limitations of the
procedure.
A Comprehensive Review on Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Models: Evaluating their Clinical Relevance
Authors: Kushwaha Virendra , Sahu Kantrol Kumar
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that increases with age and must
be treated immediately by worldwide healthcare systems. Internal neurofibrillary tau tangles and
extracellular amyloid accumulation have been widely recognized as the primary causes of Alzheimer's
disease. These degenerative age-related ailments are expected to proliferate exponentially
as life expectancy rises. Experimental models of AD are essential for acquiring a deep
knowledge of its pathogenesis and determining the viability of novel therapy options. Although
there isn't a model that encompasses all the characteristics of real AD, these models are nonetheless
highly helpful for the research of various modifications associated with it, even though they
are only partially indicative of the disease circumstances being studied. Better knowledge of the
advantages and disadvantages of each of the different models, as well as the use of more than
one model to evaluate potential medications, would increase the effectiveness of therapy translation
from preclinical research to patients. We outline the pathogenic characteristics and limitations
of the main experimental models of AD in this review, including transgenic mice, transgenic
rats, primates and non-primate models along with in-vitro cell culture models in humans.
Additionally, it highlights the possible future of experimental modeling of AD and includes the
co-morbid models.
Microwave-Induced Synthesis of Bioactive Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Das Aparna , Ray Devalina , Ashraf Muhammad Waqar , Banik Bimal Krishna
Published: August 2024

There are many different applications of heterocyclic molecules in pharmaceutical and
materials science, which make them an important family of compounds. Among these heterocyclic
compounds, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic (N-heterocyclic) compounds have attracted a lot of
interest among researchers due to their various applications across a wide variety of fields. Many
studies have been performed over the past few years to study the synthesis of N-heterocycles under
different reaction conditions, such as solvent-free, catalytic conditions, reactants immobilized on a
solid support, one-pot synthesis, and microwave irradiation. Our research group has demonstrated
that microwaves can be utilized for rapid and efficient synthesis of biologically active compounds.
In this review, we provide an overview of the microwave-assisted non-catalytic and catalytic preparation
of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, mostly polycyclic N-heterocycles, five-membered Nheterocycles,
six-membered N-heterocycles, and fused N-heterocycles. In this review, we explore
the microwave-assisted preparation of biologically important compounds, such as pyrimidines,
thiazoles, imines, tetrazoles, steroidal derivatives, quinolines, indolizine, triazoles, beta-lactams,
pyrroles, and quinoxalines.
Significance of Neurotransmitters in Cerebral Ischemia: Understanding
the Role of Serotonin, Dopamine, Glutamate, and GABA in Stroke Recovery
and Treatment
Authors: Nikbakhtzadeh Marjan , Bordbar Sanaz , Seyedi Samaneh , Ranjbaran Mina , Ashabi Ghorbangol , Kheradmand Afshin
Published: August 2024

Brain ischemia occurs following heart failure, thromboembolism, and atherosclerosis,
and it is characterized by the disturbance of blood flow resulting from the blockage of
blood vessels. After a series of studies, it is deduced that various changes occur following
stroke, including neural death and changes in plasticity. Studies have reported that neurotransmitters
tend to change following a stroke. These changes that occur surrounding the infarct area
following a stroke can be considered new therapeutic targets for stroke rehabilitation. Although
various studies have reported that different neurotransmitters have a promising role in either the
progression or the rehabilitation following stroke, they have not found any pharmacological interventions
to help the previous rehabilitation therapeutics. Phytocompounds also offer potential
therapeutic benefits in stroke management due to their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory
properties. This article aimed to compile recent advancements in neurotransmitter research related
to ischemia and explore the potential use of neurotransmitter agonists/antagonists in ischemic
conditions to identify potential drug candidates for treating the severe and prolonged
stages of stroke in the future.
WITHDRAWN: Pyridazine Derivatives: Molecular Docking ADMET Prediction and Synthesis for Antihypertensive Activity
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Thakur Ankur , Sharma Lovish , Rani Nidhi
Published: August 2024

The article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors of the journal Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal
Chemistry.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

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Study on the Enhancement of Energy Storage Mechanism for Phase Change Materials by High Porosity Metal Foams: Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Ming , Wang Zilong , Zhang Hua , Zhu Liucan , Zhu Hua , Lv Nan
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

The findings of the study elucidated that as the porosity of copper foam diminished,
the internal average temperature of the composite phase change material increased, concurrent
with a reduction in the maximum average temperature differential and an enhancement in temperature
homogeneity between the heating interface and the copper composite phase change material.

Methods:

Under the filling rate of this experiment, the heat transfer mechanism of copper composite
phase change materials (CPCMs) was mainly heat conduction.

Results:

With the increase of porosity, the melting time of phase change materials shortened, and the
change of natural convection ratio was more obvious. At the same melting time, the porosity decreased,
and the pressure drop increased.

Conclusion:

When the porosity was 94 % and 96 %, the pressure drop was 1425.34 Pa/m and 1222.65
Pa/m, respectively, which was 37.01 % and 17.53 % higher than that when the porosity was 98 %.
Characteristic Progress and New Solutions for Nozzle Baffle Type Electro-Hydraulic Servo Valve
Authors: LI Jianying , Chen Wanting , Qi Zhenheng , Liu Yutang
Published: August 2024

Background:

This article outlines the working principle of the nozzle baffle type electro-
hydraulic servo valve and analyzes the progress of research on its characteristics more fully.

Objective:

Firstly, it summarizes the research progress on the characteristics of the cavitation phenomenon,
which is a common failure of nozzle baffle type electro-hydraulic servo valves; secondly,
it comprehensively discusses the structural characteristics of nozzle baffle type electrohydraulic
servo valves: moving-iron torque motors and moving-coil torque motors, as well as the
progress of the research on the characteristics of the power-stage valve spools and direct-injection
valve spools.

Method:

It suggests to the readers other optimization methods that can be made for the cavitation
phenomenon in the future, and brings innovative ideas for the readers in terms of moving-iron vs.
moving-coil torque motors and other aspects that can be improved for the power-stage spools vs.
direct-injection spools. Again, for the typical technical problems of nozzle baffle type electrohydraulic
servo valves, we have searched and organized the related technical patents at home and
abroad and clearly outlined the current improvements for nozzle baffle type electro-hydraulic servo
valves.

Results:

Through the discussion of related articles and patents, it is found that although many
methods have been proposed at home and abroad to address the shortcomings of the nozzle baffle
type electro-hydraulic servo valve, it still has a high failure rate and has not been comprehensively
solved, there is still a lot of room for optimization.

Conclusion:

Finally, the new solutions proposed for the performance deficiencies of nozzle baffle
type electro-hydraulic servo valves are summarized, and the future development trend of nozzle
baffle type electro-hydraulic servo valves is predicted and outlooked.
Emerging Trends, Multifaceted Implications, Patent Information and Clinical Trial Status of Nanovesicular Carriers: A Concurrent Review
Authors: Jena Goutam Kumar , Sahu Kartikesh , Singha Rakesh , Patra Ch. Niranjan , Subudhi Sanjana , Jammula Sruti , Rana Rabinarayan , Das Nihar Ranjan
Published: August 2024

The use of nano vesicular carriers has captured widespread attention from researchers
across different disciplines. These nanovesicles are readily available, biocompatible, versatile, and
stable, making them an appealing area of study. This review delves into an analysis of various trending
nanovesicles such as aquasome, bilosome, cerosome, cubosome, enzymosome, ethosome, exosome,
glycerosome, herbosome, hexosome, hyalurosome, invasome, liposome, marinosome, niosome, novasome,
pharmacosome, phytosome, polymerosome, proniosome, sphingosome, spongosome, terpesome,
ufasome, and virosome, and explores their applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals,
and other industries. Additionally, it discusses patents, clinical trials, advantages and disadvantages of
different nanovesicles, shedding light on how different ingredients affect the physicochemical characteristics
of these nanovesicles. The review also emphasizes the manifold implications of nanovesicles,
particularly in the context of chemotherapy and specific drug targeting.
Insightful Perspectives on Sodium-glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors: Navigating Safety Updates and Beyond
Authors: Panda Pratikeswar , Mohapatra Rajaram , Samantaray Biswajit
Published: August 2024

SGLT2 (Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2) inhibitors, also known as gliflozin class,
are a novel family of oral drugs being used to treat type 2 diabetes. SGLT2 inhibitors can work
alone or in conjunction with other medications. This class includes five drugs, including canagliflozin,
ertugliflozin, sotagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin. SGLT2 inhibitors inhibit the
SGLT2 cotransporter in the proximal tubules of the kidney, reducing glucose and sodium reabsorption.
It promotes the elimination of sugar in urine (diabetes mellitus) and lowers blood sugar levels.
SGLT2 inhibitors also have pleiotropic effects on cardiac and renal function, broadening their
therapeutic applications in heart failure. Despite the clinical benefits, regulators have placed secondary
warnings in product information since the medications first hit the market. SGLT2 inhibitors,
in particular, have had a significant impact on a variety of risk factors. This can lead to hypoglycaemia,
urinary tract infections, diabetic ketoacidosis, lower limb amputation, and fractures. Although
some of these events are uncommon, they can lead to severe and deadly consequences;
therefore, patients must be closely monitored. In general, SLGT2 inhibitors are an efficient diabetes
treatment with strong cardiovascular and renal protection and a favourable safety overview.
This review sought to summarise the safety overview of commercially available SGLT2 inhibitors.
Anatomy, Etiology, Management, and Medico-Legal Implications of Botulinum-induced Blepharoptosis
Authors: Nittari Giulio , Savva Demetris , Gibelli Filippo , Vulcanescu Diana , De Leo Domenico , Ricci Giovanna
Published: August 2024

Botulinum toxin injections, a popular aesthetic treatment, have over 7.4 million beneficiaries
in the U.S. Despite their safety record, these injections pose potential complications. It is essential
for aesthetic practitioners to manage these complications with the least impact on the patient.
Upper eyelid ptosis, though rare, is a significant side effect of botulinum toxin injections.
Through our study, we have identified the etiology, anatomy, and therapeutic management of botulinum-
induced blepharoptosis. Hence, the goal of this study was to identify the basic aetiology
of blepharoptosis and manage this complication, as well as discuss the basis of medico-legal implications
involving this popular drug. The complex medico-legal implications of botulinum toxin-induced
blepharoptosis call for continuous discourse, education, and clarity on drug-use legal standards.
With evolving global and Italian legislation, practitioners must ensure they meet care standards,
weighing treatment benefits against potential legal and ethical outcomes. Blepharoptosis is
a rare but significant complication of botulinum-type injections. Etiology and thorough anatomy
are crucial for avoiding this complication and handling it with the least impact on the patient.
Medico-legal implications are currently not fully established, but the basis of aesthetic treatment
standards, as well as continuing medical education, will ensure correct medico-legal coverage of
such complications.
Effect of Aeration Period and Co-Culture with Bacteria on Growth and Lipid Profile of Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Nurul Khaq Rizki Amalia , Rohman Fatchur , Lukiati Betty , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi
Published: August 2024

Giving bacteria to microalgae culture can increase the growth of microalgae. Giving aeration can increase oxygen levels in the culture. Good culture conditions can optimize microalgae growth, so the biomass obtained is also higher. The amount of microalgae biomass is directly proportional to the amount of lipids produced. This study aims to determine the effect of aeration period and the addition of potential bacteria on the growth and lipid profile of Chlorella vulgaris. The aeration periods were 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours. The bacteria used in the co-culture treatment of this study were indole acetic acid (IAA) producing bacteria, amylolytic bacteria, and nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the exploration and identification of several lakes in East Java. Microalgae C. vulgaris co-cultured with IAA, amylolytic and nitrogen-fixing bacteria were given aeration for 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours (in different treatment bottles). Microalgae treatment without giving bacteria only by giving aeration 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours (in different treatment bottles). The results showed that there was effect of the aeration period, the culture type, and the interaction between the aeration period and the addition of bacteria on the growth and lipid profile of C. vulgaris. The highest average cell density of C. vulgaris on day 16 was TBA18 mono culture treatment with an aeration period of 18 hours (26.95 x 106 cells/mL), and BTA co-culture treatment without aeration (12.75 x 106 cells/mL). The harvested biomass of C. vulgaris was used for lipid profile assays. The results of the GC-MS test of TBA18 and BTA treatment showed that the two samples had the same 6 main compounds, but different concentrations. The six compounds are oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, alpha linolenic acid, linoleic acid, stearidonic acid and myristic acid.
Computational Insight on Potential Activity of Star Apple
Authors: Nur Rosyada Nabila , Shania Andyni Regina , Vinolia Alvionita Cicin , Narwasthu Sekararum , Adawiyah Robiatul , Eko Hermanto Feri , Kurniawan Nia , Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Published: August 2024

Studies reported that Star Apple (C. cainito) has the potential as an anti-obesity agent.
Área de anidación comunal del cocodrilo americano (Crocodylus acutus Cuvier,1807) en una laguna tropical de Oaxaca, México
Authors: Barragán Lara René , García Grajales Jesús , Martínez Ramírez Emilio
Published: August 2024

Para los cocodrilianos, el éxito de anidación tiene un efecto importante sobre la dinámica poblacional y es un excelente indicador de cómo las especies se adaptan a su ambiente. La selección del sitio de oviposición y sus condiciones ambientales influirán en el desarrollo embrionario y el fenotipo de la descendencia. El éxito de anidación de la oviposición comunal en nidos de cocodrilos no ha sido estudiado a profundidad. Nuestro objetivo en este estudio fue describir la ecología de anidación en un área de anidación comunal del cocodrilo americano (Crocodylus acutus) en la laguna Palmasola ubicada en la costa de Oaxaca. Se realizaron búsquedas intensivas alrededor de la laguna mediante caminatas diarias para detectar indicios de la actividad de anidación de hembras e identificar sitios potenciales para la oviposición. Se registraron 27 nidos para la temporada reproductiva de 2018. Veinticuatro nidos fueron localizados en un arreglo agrupado (anidación comunal, AC) y el resto (n= 3) fueron clasificados como nidos aislados. El sitio de AC más importante encontrado en la laguna Palmasola presentó una agrupación de 13 nidos, con una distancia promedio entre nidos de 0.70 cm ± 0.35 cm D.E., y un tamaño promedio de nidada de 34.5 ± 7.1 huevos. Nuestras observaciones de campo son los primeros registros de la anidación comunal del cocodrilo americano en la vertiente del Pacífico mexicano y pueden ser indicadores de selección activa de las áreas de anidación por hembras de diferentes tamaños. Futuros estudios serán necesarios para proporcionar nuevas ideas acerca de las consecuencias ecológicas y evolutivas de la anidación comunal en la costa del Pacífico mexicano.
Revealing and Criticizing an Indonesian Edu-Tech Company’s Capitalism Ideology which Dehumanizes Indonesian Teachers: a Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Windianto Cahya Pratama
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to reveal the hidden capitalism ideology of a certain edu-tech company from the memorandum the company released which talks about the newest penalty system for the teachers. Not only limited to reveal, but this paper also criticizes why the ideology can be dehumanizing for the teachers. To reveal and criticize the ideology, the approach of critical discourse analysis as the methodology is conducted. This paper carefully reads, describes, interprets, and analyzes the text by connecting the assumption and interpretation with scientific theories such as marxism and humanistic education. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the capitalism ideology found from the text delivered by the company dehumanizes the teachers since the company still sanctions the teachers with a penalty although they suffer from unavoidable accidents.Keywords: Capitalism, critical discourse analysis, humanistic education, Marxism
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Moralitas (Sila) Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Pertama Dengan Metode R&D Borg and Gall
Authors: Tantra Manggala Wiriya
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan instrumen penilaian moralitas (sila)peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama. Proses pengembangan terdiri atas pleriminary study, main field test, dan operational field test.Instrumen penilaian sīla peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama didapatkan sesuai dengan metodologi penelitian research and development. Analisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan teknik delphi dan validitas Aikend’s. Analisis data secara kuantitatif menggunakan program SPSS 15.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian ini adalah instrumen penilaian sīla peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama yang valid dan reliabel. Instrumen penilaian diri sendiri memiliki nilai KMO sebesar 0, 805 dan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,939. Instrumen penilaian oleh guru pendidikan agama Buddha memiliki nilai KMO sebesar 0,805 dan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,933.Instrumen instrumen penilaian sīla peserta didik sekolah menengah pertama terdiri dari 8 indikator, yaitu(1) sīla di rumah, (2) sīla di sekolah, (3) sīla dalam pergaulan, (4) sīla di tempat ibadah, (5) menjalankan 5 sīla, (6) batin siswa, (7) menjalankan 5 dharma dan (8) sikap siswa.
Modified Project-Based Learning in Geography: A Better Approach
Authors: Farhan Firda Islamaya , Ardimansyah Ardimansyah
Published: August 2024

To ensure students understand the material being studied, constructive and interactive learning is needed. The lack of knowledge about maps and the idea of space among students of Muhammadiyah 1 High School Pontianak causes their inability to understand texts that use maps as the driving force for this research. To work around this, project-based learning is constructive and exciting. Project-based learning is modified and integrated with intensive guidance by the teacher and the division of tasks for each regular group member to ensure all students are active in project completion. Classroom Action Research Methods are used to determine the effectiveness of modified project-based learning. The findings of this study indicate an increase in learning outcomes after implementing Modified Project Based Learning in allocating mining resources in Indonesia through the use of pre-test and post-test. For content to be understood, student-centred learning motivates students to engage in active learning and finally have a good understanding of the content.Keywords: Modified Project Based Learning, Student’s Engagement, Geography