bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin II and Prostaglandin Interactions on Systemic and Renal Effects of L-NAME in Humans
Authors: PERINOTTO PATRIZIA , BIGGI ALMERINA , CARRA NICOLETTA , ORRICO ANTONELLA , VALMADRE GIUSEPPE , DALL'AGLIO PIERPAOLO , NOVARINI ALMERICO , MONTANARI ALBERTO
Published: April 2021

For investigation of whether interactions between prostaglandins and angiotensin II modulate renal response to acute nitric oxide synthesis inhibition in humans, seven young volunteers who were kept on a 240-mM Na diet underwent four experiments with 90 min of infusion of 3.0 μg/kg.min-1 NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), each preceded by a 3-d treatment with placebo (PL), 50 mg of losartan (LOS), 75 to 125 mg of indomethacin (IND), or both drugs. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), GFR, effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), and Na excretion rate (UNaV) were measured at baseline and from 0 to 45 min and 45 to 90 min of L-NAME infusion. After PL, L-NAME reduced GFR by 5% at 45 min (P < 0.05) and by 9% at 90 min (P < 0.001), ERPF by 11 to 17% (P < 0.001), and UNaV by 28 to 45% (P < 0.001). MAP, unchanged at 45 min, rose by 5% (P < 0.001) at 90 min. LOS prevented pressor but not renal effects of L-NAME. With L-NAME+IND, MAP rose even at 45 min (+5%; P < 0.001 versus baseline) with a 10% rise at 90 min (P < 0.001). Changes in GFR (-13 to -20%), ERPF (-19 to -26%), and UNaV (-51 to -70%) were greater than those with L-NAME+PL or L-NAME+LOS (P < 0.05 to 0.001). With L-NAME+IND+LOS, MAP did not increase, and GFR, ERPF, and UNaV fell much less than with L-NAME+IND alone (P < 0.02 to 0.001) with no differences versus PL or LOS alone. Angiotensin II blockade does not affect renal changes caused by L-NAME but prevents their potentiation by prostaglandin inhibition. Thus, endogenous prostaglandins counteract renal actions of endogenous angiotensin II in Na-repleted humans even when nitric oxide synthesis is inhibited.
Flora y Vegetación de la Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo, Michoacán, México
Authors: Steinmann Victor W.
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: Entender la distribución y composición de los ecosistemas es fundamental para la conservación. Los estudios florísticos y de vegetación son de vital importancia en las Áreas Naturales Protegidas dado que albergan recursos biológicos invaluables y son laboratorios naturales para estudios ecológicos. Preguntas: ¿Qué especies y tipos de vegetación se encuentran en la Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo? ¿Cuáles son las características de la vegetación? ¿Qué especies tienen nombres comunes, son endémicas y/o de interés para la conservación? Descripción de datos: Plantas vasculares, tipos de vegetación. Sitio y años de estudio: Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo, Michoacán, México; 1996 a 2020. Métodos: Trabajo de campo, trabajo de herbario y revisión de literatura. Resultados: El bosque tropical caducifolio es el tipo de vegetación más extenso. Se documentan 125 familias, 551 géneros y 1,139 especies. Las familias más diversas son Fabaceae (165 especies), Asteraceae (99), Poaceae (84) y Euphorbiaceae (77). Euphorbia (33), Ipomoea (25) y Bursera (21) son los géneros más diversos. Al menos 14 especies son endémicas, mientras otras 62 son endémicas regionales. Veintiún especies se incluyen en la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 y 30 tienen una categoría de riesgo en la Lista Roja de la IUCN. Conclusiones: La Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo alberga una flora diversa y vegetación bien conservada. Se espera que este estudio promueva las investigaciones sobre la biota de la reserva para llegar a un entendimiento integral de sus ecosistemas y consolidar esfuerzos de conservación.
Diversidad y estructura de franjas de árboles en una matriz agrícola (tolchés) en relación con la intensidad de uso forestal en Yaxcabá, Yucatán
Authors: Cortés-Sosa Diana M. , Levy-Tacher Samuel I. , Ramírez Marcial Neptalí , Navarrete Gutiérrez Darío A. , Rodríguez-Sánchez Perla Victoria
Published: April 2021

Antecedentes: Los tolchés son franjas de árboles dentro del paisaje agrícola yucateco; proporcionan varios servicios ecosistémicos, incluyendo el suministro de material leñoso.

Preguntas e hipótesis: ¿Existen diferencias en la estructura de la vegetación leñosa de los tolchés a lo largo de la distancia al pueblo y la intensidad de uso? La hipótesis es que los atributos estructurales de la vegetación de los tolchés son afectados negativamente por la intensidad del uso del bosque, que disminuye de los márgenes del poblado, al área agrícola, hasta llegar a la vegetación madura.

Descripción de datos: Se evaluaron los atributos estructurales de tolchés y vegetación madura (VM), se realizó una rarefacción para estandarizar el esfuerzo de muestreo, un modelo lineal univariante seguido de pruebas a posteriori .

Sitio y años de estudio: El estudio se realizó en tolchés y VM de Yaxcabá, Yucatán, de febrero a julio de 2019.

Métodos: Se establecieron 44 unidades de muestreo (UM): 36 UM se ubicaron en tolchés, de 3 grupos diferenciados por su distancia al poblado y 8 UM se ubicaron en VM. Se registraron los individuos leñosos > 2.5 cm de DAP y se evaluaron las diferencias de los valores estructurales de ambas condiciones.

Resultados: La diversidad de los tolchés fueron significativamente superiores a la alcanzada por la VM, relacionada a la distancia al poblado.

Conclusiones: Se determinó la influencia de un patrón de aprovechamiento basado en la distancia al poblado. Niveles intermedios de aprovechamiento favorecen la riqueza y diversidad de los tolchés.
Monosynaptic circuit mapping v1
Authors: Zhang Rui , Muenzberg Heike
Published: April 2021

Investigate the preganglionic neurons in the intermediolaterol nucleus (IML) that innervate the postganglionic neurons innervating interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). We have used Adeno-associated virus (AAV) for monosynaptic retrograde tracing and Pseudorabies virus (PRV) for transsynaptic retrograde tracing. However, this experiment is monosynaptic circuit mapping where we combine monosynaptic retrograde tracing and transsynaptic retrograde tracing to only identify the neurons that directly innervate the sympathetic nervous system. In this experiment, we injected 2 new viruses: 1) AAV6-FLEX-TVA-P2A-eGFP-2A-oG) and 2) G-Deleted Rabies-mCherry in the iBAT in two separate minor survival surgeries; we aimed to investigate which preganglionic neurons innervate the postganglionic neurons that innervate the interscapular brown adipose tissue. This was done by rabies guided monosynaptic circuit mapping, which labels exclusively monosynaptic input neurons. We injected one cre-dependent helper AAV that expresses TVA (= receptor for avian sarcoma leucosis virus glycoprotein EnvA) and oG (optimized glycoprotein) AAV6-FLEX-TVA-P2A-eGFP-2A-oG) into the iBAT of cre driver mice (TH-ires-cre). After sufficient viral expression (4 weeks) mice received another iBAT injection with the modified rabies virus G-Deleted Rabies-mCherry that lacks glycoprotein gene (commercially available from Salk Institute GT3 Core) and thus cannot be further propagated into upstream neurons in the absence of TVA and oG expression. TVA and oG expression are required for rabies propagation and infection of upstream neurons and thus retrograde and transsynaptic transport of the mCherry labeled EnvA would only occur in upstream neurons with monosynaptic inputs. Primary infected neurons would be co-labeled with green TVA eGFP and red EnvA mCherry, while monosynaptic input neurons would only show red EnvA mCherry expression. The 1st viral injections were performed in BSL1, and the 2nd viral injections were performed in BSL2 and all animals were then maintained in BSL2 housing until euthanasia followed by perfusion (10 days post-injection of the 2nd virus). Mouse model: TH-ires-cre Injection site: iBAT Mouse numbers: 2 males and 2 females. The injection dose for the 1st virus: around (5.92E^10 GC/ml)*12.5 ul = 7.4E^8 GC, and the volume would be 12.5 ul. The injection dose for the 2nd virus was (4.89E^7 GC/ml)*12.5 ul = 6.1E^5 GC, and the volume would be around 12.5 ul. We monitor the body weight of mice every day as we consider an excess weight loss (>20%) as a sign of sickness due to the viral infection. In this case, we would perfuse the animals as soon as we detect the loss of body weight. We do not expect the mice to die throughout the experiment, but only expect the IML labeling. We do the weight monitor because when we do similar experiments in the mice's CNS, we monitor their weight every day.
RNA extraction_Trizol method_Protocol v1
Authors: Zhang Rui , Huesing Clara , Muenzberg Heike
Published: April 2021

The study goal is to identify the gene expression profile of interscapular brown fat (iBAT)-related ganglia (SG/T1 & T3) and inguinal white fat (Iwat)-related ganglia (T13/L1 & L2)
A costum-made hydroponic culture system to study plant roots during root infection with Plasmodiophora brassicae v1
Authors: Auer Susann
Published: April 2021

Plant roots are fascinating organs that anchor the plant in the ground, take up water and nutrients and are the interaction zone for plants with their surrounding microbial rhizosphere. In contrast to easily accessible leaves, the study of these belowground organs is more difficult as harvesting the tissue is time-consuming and - when sampled as whole - kills the entire plant. The time-consuming and often disruptive process of root harvest can hamper molecular studies that require for samples to be harvested in a narrow time frame in order to rule out negative sample bias such as circadian gene regulation or effects that stem of the sample handling rather than the actual assay. For our studies of the soil-borne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae in interaction with soil microbes in roots we needed a plant cultivation method that allows quick and easy harvest of root tissue while at the same time allowing the roots to form the pathogen-specific clubbed root structures. We therefore came up with an easy custom-build setup, that can be easily implemented in other laboratories using similar materials. Our setup requires clear square plastic containers high enough to keep our desired plant species (Arabidopsis and Brassica) and a custom-build rack with holes that fit 10ml pipette tips. This setup allows easy cultivation of plants in sand and hydroponic medium and largely damage-free root harvest within several seconds for each plant. This method allowed us to harvest samples for a large microarray experiment as well as countless experiments for root transcript studies. Since the height of the box and the extend of the pipette tips is a limiting factor we suggest to use this system only for relatively small plants such as Arabidopsis or young stages of larger plants such as Brassica rapa or Brassica napus.
SPOT system protocol v2
Authors: Xun Guanhua , Zhao Huimin
Published: April 2021

The need for rapid, accurate, and scalable testing systems for COVID-19 diagnosis is clear and urgent. Here we report a rapid Scalable and Portable Testing (SPOT) system consisting of a rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate assay and a battery-powered portable device for COVID-19 diagnosis. The SPOT assay comprises a one-pot reverse transcriptase-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) followed by PfAgo-based target sequence detection. It is capable of detecting the N gene and E gene in a multiplexed reaction with the limit of detection (LoD) of 0.44 copies/μL and 1.09 copies/μL, respectively, in SARS-CoV-2 virus-spiked saliva samples within 30min. Moreover, the SPOT system is used to analyze 104 clinical saliva samples and identified 28/30 (93.3% sensitivity) SARS-CoV-2 positive samples (100% sensitivity if LoD is considered) and 73/74 (98.6% specificity) SARS-CoV-2 negative samples. This combination of speed, accuracy, sensitivity, and portability will enable high-volume low-cost access to areas in need of urgent COVID-19 testing capabilities.
‘It’s a Matter of Life or Death’: Jewish Migration and Dispossession of Palestinians in Acre
Authors: Desille Amandine , Sa'di-Ibraheem Yara
Published: April 2021

In this article, we aim to identify the actors and unpack the discourses and administrative practices used to increase current mobilities of people (Jewish immigrants, investors, tourist visitors, and evicted residents) and explore their impact on the continuity of the settler-colonial regime in pre-1948 Palestinian urban spaces which became part of Israel. To render these dynamics visible, we explore the case of Acre—a pre-1948 Palestinian city located in the north-west of Israel which during the last three decades has been receiving about one hundred Jewish immigrant families annually. Our findings reveal a dramatic change in the attempts to judaise the city: Mobility policies through neoliberal means have not only been instrumental in continuing the processes of displacement and dispossession of the Palestinians in this so-called ‘mixed city,’ but have also recruited new actors and created new techniques and opportunities to accelerate the judaisation of the few Palestinian spaces left. Moreover, these new mobility policies normalise judaisation of the city, both academically and practically, through globally trendy paradigms and discourses. Reframing migration-led development processes in cities within a settler-colonialism approach enables us to break free from post-colonial analytical frameworks and re-centre the native-settler relations as well as the immigrants-settlers’ role in territorial control and displacement of the natives in the neoliberal era.
The Role of Institutional and Structural Differences for City-Specific Arrangements of Urban Migration Regimes
Authors: Bund Eva , Gerhard Ulrike
Published: April 2021

In recent years, an increasing influx of migrants to Europe has led to a heated public discourse about integration capacities within receiving countries such as Germany. During this period, German society, with its changeful immigration history, is again challenged to provide policy responses and foster migrant integration, especially in urban areas. The efforts of cities along that path, however, vary greatly. Complementing locality approaches on immigration and integration policies, which are focused on metropolises and the U.S.-American context, this article is an empirical application for understanding institutional and structural conditions for local variations in integration strategies in Germany by presenting a comparative analysis of four mid-sized cities. The particular research interest lies on discourses from interviews with local authorities and civil society actors. Our analysis reveals city-specific streamlines: For instance, discourses at a center of the ‘knowledge society’ focused on a strong municipal power structure that allowed communally-financed, sustainable projects to evolve from a historically-grounded commitment to welcome migrants and from high financial capacities at its disposal. In another case, discourses revolved around a city’s financially constraints, which were equalized by compensatory civil society networks. In other cities, progress was associated with spontaneous local happenings or individual innovative leadership. These street-level patterns create a degree of locality within the global migration discourse, since they emerge from the interplay of financial, economic, and demographic features; historical concepts; or local events. We therefore contend that urban planning initiatives would profit from considering place-specific institutions that influence integration stakeholders, which are regime-makers and foster institutional, migration-led changes.
Promoting Interculture in Participation in German Urban Planning: Fields of Action for Institutional Change
Authors: Huning Sandra , Droste Christiane , Gliemann Katrin
Published: April 2021

Germany has been a host country for immigrants for a long time, but an institutional transformation to promote interculture in urban public administration in general, and participation in urban planning in particular, has only just begun. This article addresses institutional frameworks and proposes strategic elements for interculture in participation, based on transdisciplinary, participatory, and transformative research in two German cities. Interculture means overcoming access barriers, based on cultural norms and stereotypes, to open up participation for groups who have been underrepresented so far. The article presents four types of barriers to interculture: a selective implementation of interculture guidelines, an institutional culture that leaves room for ‘othering’ of immigrant groups, top-down definitions of participation procedures, and an inter-departmental division of labour. In response to these barriers, we elaborate two fields of action: the establishment of spaces for reflexivity and of a ‘phase zero’ that helps to build trust and long-term relationships with immigrant communities. These fields of action do not offer any concrete road map. Instead, they focus on the institutional context for action, its structures, self-understandings, and the scope for individual action, and are thus much harder to address. The transformative, participatory, and transdisciplinary research setting bears both challenges and potential, but the article argues that it is beneficial for urban studies in light of the challenges that cities are facing.
The contents of ganoderic acids in mycellium of different Ganoderma species (Ganodermataceae) obtained by different methods of cultivation
Authors: Boromenskyi D. , Bisko N. , Al-Maali G. , Polishchuk O.
Published: April 2021

The effect of different cultivation methods on the content of ganoderic acids of 7 species, 10 strains of the Ganoderma genus (Ganoderma applanatum 1899; Ganoderma сarnosum 2502; Ganoderma lucidum 1904; Ganoderma resinaceum 2477, 2503; Ganoderma sinense 2516; Ganoderma tsugae 1848, 2024, 2566, Ganoderma oregonense 2560) genus fungi from the IBK Mushroom Culture Collection M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was investigated. It has been shown that the submerged cultivation method is more efficient for the accumulation of ganoderic acids for five strains. In the mycelium of the strain G. sinense 2516 was the highest content of ganoderic acids – 25.2 ± 1.5 mg / g. The productivity (yeld) of ganoderic acids synthesis is much higher with using the submerged culture cultivation method for mycelium of all used species and strains since the
use of this method provides the accumulation of much more biomass in comparison with the static liquid cultivation method. The highest yield amount of ganoderic acids was in the mycelium of the G. tsugae 2024 and G. tsugae 2566 species, namely: 0.35 ± 0.019 and 0.36 ± 0.028 g / l. It was proved that the modified extraction method significantly reduces the extraction time of ganoderic acids. Extraction time is reduced from 14 to 2 days. For the G. sinense 2516 and G. tsugae 2024 strains was determined content of the ganoderic acids and their yield in dynamics of grows in the submerged culture on 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 day of cultivation. The highest amount of the ganoderic acids content was accumulated by the mycelium of the strain G. sinense 2516 – it was 26.4 ± 1.5 mg / g on the 14th day of cultivation. The highest yield of the ganoderic acids was in G. sinense 2516 on 14th day, and G. tsugae
2024 mycelium on the 16th day of cultivation with the next numbers 0.6 ± 0.031, 0.62 ± 0.033 and 0.62 ± 0.027 g/l.
Conexiones transoceánicas: Nueva España y la expansión del gusto por los biombos
Authors: Ocaña Ruiz Sonia Irene
Published: April 2021

Nueva España fue un centro de consumo y de producción de biombos desde fines del siglo XVI y principios del siglo XVII, respectivamente. El éxito de los biombos en ese ámbito contribuyó a expandir el gusto por ellos en el virreinato del Perú y, hasta cierto punto, en España. A partir de un análisis documental, se revisa la circulación de biombos japoneses y chinos en Nueva España, así como la producción de biombos achinados, prestando atención a la técnica, el precio y otros detalles. Asimismo, se plantean hipótesis sobre el origen de la producción novohispana y se revisa la exportación de obras a Caracas. Se estudian también los biombos de la hija del virrey marqués de Cadereyta y la hija del virrey marqués de Mancera, en busca de indicios sobre el papel de Nueva España en la construcción del gusto español por los biombos.
Connected Royal Oficios (offices): Furriera, Upholstery and Guardajoyas
Authors: Mateos Martín Mario , Benito García Pilar
Published: April 2021

As a general rule, during 18th century the production and treatment of furniture within the Spanish court was determined by the characteristics of the raw materials used for its construction, mainly the wood and the textile.

The pre-eminance of one of these materials explained the management of furniture by different Oficios (offices) of the Royal Household. If wood was considered the key element, the furniture would be managed by the Furriera. When a textile was the most outstanding element, the Tapicería was the Oficio in charge of it. The presence of rich elements such as gold, silver or precious stones meant that the Guardajoyas was also involved. Therefore, it can be established that there was a close collaboration between the different workers of the Royal household.

However, materials were not always the reason why a furniture was going to be managed by one Oficio or another so, occasionally, function and/or type of furniture were also the key elements that determined its management.
La memoria sefardí: el mobiliario litúrgico y doméstico en las hagadot medievales de origen hispano.
Authors: Espinosa Villegas Miguel Ángel
Published: April 2021

El desconocimiento sobre las piezas de mobiliario de los judíos españoles es prácticamente total, puesto que la arqueología no nos ofrece una base sólida. Quienes salieron se adaptaron rápidamente a los usos y costumbres de los países de acogida y si bien en la lengua judeoespañola persistió la memoria de dichos objetos, en la práctica y en la vida diaria acabaría por perderse la certeza de su imagen y de su uso. La abundante documentación sobre los bienes de los judíos conversos, apoyada en la representación plástica medieval, permitiría una conveniente reconstrucción de los diferentes tipos de muebles y enseres que componían la decoración de la casa judía y de la sinagoga. Las hagadot ofrecen una idea bastante próxima a la realidad rica y variada de este mobiliario.
Presentación de la sección monográfica: La literatura en Castilla y León. De la Edad Media al siglo XIX
Authors: Cuesta Torre María Luzdivina
Published: April 2021

Presentación de la sección monográfica
Fray Luis de León y Teresa de Jesús: encuentros en el libro = Fray Luis de Leon and Teresa de Jesús: encounters in the book
Authors: Javier San José Lera
Published: April 2021

La condición histórico-literaria de los textos teresianos no puede ser estudiada sin tener en cuenta el papel intermediario que, en su configuración, en su transmisión y en su valoración, juega la labor filológica de fray Luis de León. El encuentro en el libro del agustino con la Madre resulta esencial y visibiliza el poder sobre la escritura que se ejerce por parte del teólogo salmanticense, a quien se otorga esa capacidad de control, en función de su autoridad, por parte de las responsables carmelitas. El estatus social y cultural del agustino actúa de aval y es esencial para la institucionalización de los escritos de la madre. The literary historical character of the Teresian texts cannot be studied without taking into account the intermediary role that the philological work of Fray Luis de León plays in its configuration, in its transmission and in its evaluation. The encounter in the book of the Augustinian with Teresa is essential and makes visible the power upon writing that is exerted by the Salamanca theologian, based on his prestige, which is recognised by Carmelite authorities. The Augustinian friar social and cultural status acts as a guarantee and it is essential for the institutionalization of the mother’s writings.
Unas notas sobre el prólogo de la Historia del valeroso caballero don Rodrigo de Peñadura = Some notes of the preface of Historia del Valeroso Caballero don Rodrigo de Peñadura
Authors: Suárez Luis Miguel
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo analiza brevemente los aspectos literarios más importantes del prólogo de la Historia del valeroso caballero don Rodrigo de Peñadura, sátira política en forma de novela que imita el Quijote. Igualmente, a partir de los datos históricos que allí se apuntan trata de establecer una serie de conclusiones en torno al autor y a la publicación de la novela. This paper examines briefly the most important literary aspects of the preface to Historia del valeroso caballero don Rodrigo de Peñadura, political satire in the form of a novel that imitates the Quixote. Likewise, from the historical data pointed out there, it tries to establish a series of conclusions about the author and the publication of the novel.
Paula Fernández Villalobos. Andrea Bernal, Todo lo contrario a la belleza, Sevilla, Siltolá Poesía, 2019, 72 p.
Authors: Fernández Villalobos Paula
Published: April 2021

Reseña literaria
Paula Fernández Villalobos. María Elena Higueruelo, Los días eternos, Madrid, Ediciones Rialp, 2019, 80 p.
Authors: Fernández Villalobos Paula
Published: April 2021

Reseña literaria
Antología poética personal de Javier Lostalé (con presentación de Luis Miguel Suárez)
Authors: Lostalé Javier
Published: April 2021

Antología poética personal
Potato Market Participation and Its Extents Evidence from Southwest Ethiopia: A Double Hurdle Approach
Authors: Abadega Abduselam Faris
Published: April 2021

Potato is an important commodity for livelihood in many parts of Ethiopia. Potato producers in Ethiopia face sophisticated marketing challenges, including inadequate access to market and low amount of marketed surpluses due to subsistence-oriented production of potato. The study aimed to identify factors that determine the market participation and its extents. About 136 potato producers were selected randomly from peasant association found in Dedo Districts of Ethiopia. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from primary sources. Descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis were used to analyze data from the survey. A double hurdle model was applied to investigate factors affecting market participation and its extents. Results of descriptive statistics revealed that out of the total sample producer, 87.5 % of sample household has participated in the potato market. Age, sex, education, land size allocated for potato, and non-farm income were significantly influencing potato market participation. Age, sex, education (years of schooling), non-farm income, active labor and land allocated for potato influenced smallholder farmers level of market participation.
Utilization patterns of antihypertensive drugs in the management of hypertension among patients with chronic kidney disease at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Al-Mirza Abdulrahman , Al-Subhi Hamad R. , Abdelrahman Aly M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Objective of the current investigation was to identify the utilization patterns of antihypertensive drugs among hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease at Sultan Qaboos university hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective study of the utilization patterns of antihypertensive drugs that were prescribed to 181 hypertensive patients with CKD. Patients’ data and drugs’ data were collected from the hospital track care system and analysed.Results: The results show that diuretics were prescribed for 63.53% of the patients followed by β-blockers (61.3%). Drugs were prescribed orally to 90% of the patients. Furosemide was prescribed to 55.8% of patients followed by amlodipine (55.2%). The majority of the patients were on multiple antihypertensive medications (84%). There was no significant difference between drug utilization in patients with albuminuria and those without albuminuria. Among patients with CKD stages two and three, β-blockers were the most common antihypertensive drugs being utilized. Among patients with stage 4 and stage 5, calcium channel blockers and diuretics were the most common antihypertensive drugs being utilized. The prescription of angiotensin II receptor blockers and direct vasodilators showed a significant difference among different stages of CKD.Conclusions: This study showed that diuretics were the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs among the study cohort. The majority of the patients were on multiple antihypertensive medications.
A rational pharmacotherapeutic study of the prevalent prescription patterns of delamanid, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and bedaquiline among the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in global multi-centre tertiary care hospitals
Authors: Hazra Moumita
Published: April 2021

Background: Delamanid, a nitro-dihydro-imidazooxazole, is a bactericidal cell wall methoxy-mycolic and keto-mycolic acids biosynthesis inhibitor in actively replicating, dormant, and intracellular tuberculosis, and both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis and M. kansasii, decreasing hydrophobicity and facilitating better bacterial drug penetration. Delamanid promotes intracellular generation of microbiocidal nitrogen oxidative intermediaries including nitric oxide, toxic even to dormant M. tuberculosis. Ofloxacin, the racemic mixture and levofloxacin, the S-or levorotatory isomer of ofloxacin, are bactericidal to M. tuberculosis, MAC, M. fortuitum, and other atypical mycobacteria, with inhibitory effect on DNA gyrase, DNA topoisomerase IV and IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8. Bedaquiline, a novel diarylquinoline, inhibits mycobacterial adenosine triphosphate synthase of M. tuberculosis, disrupting mycobacterial energy metabolism and replication. Bedaquiline’s initial bacteriostatic action is followed by a bactericidal effect after 5-7 days. The objective was to perform a rational pharmacotherapeutic study of the prevalent prescription patterns of delamanid, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and bedaquiline, among the multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients, in global multi-centre tertiary care hospitals.Methods: A multi-centre, retrospective, observational and analytical study of clinical prescriptions of 100 multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patients in hospitals, were performed. For 24-48 weeks, these patients had been prescribed anti-tubercular drugs, like delamanid 100 mg and ofloxacin 400 mg twice daily, levofloxacin 750 mg and bedaquiline 400 mg once daily followed by 200 mg thrice weekly, as part of MDR-TB treatment regimens. The no. of prescriptions for each drug were recorded, and the corresponding prescription rates were statistically derived in percentages. Results: Delamanid was most commonly prescribed (32 prescriptions, 32%), followed by ofloxacin (29 prescriptions, 29%), levofloxacin (24 prescriptions, 24%), and bedaquiline (15 prescriptions, 15%). The completeness of the prescription contents, the dose of drug, the duration of treatment, the instructions of medication, the frequency of drug intake, the name of the drug and the dosage form of the drug were observed in 100% of prescriptions.Conclusions: Prescription frequency of delamanid was followed by ofloxacin, levofloxacin and bedaquiline. Prescription content analyses showed 100% completeness.
Evaluation of correction rates for titanium-alloy and cobalt-chrome-alloy rods in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Chaudhary Haresh F. , Soni Manthan , Chaudhary Kuldeep R.
Published: April 2021

Background: The customary treatment of AIS is spinal fusion with instrumentation using rigid rods. In parallel, agents such as, curve magnitude, points of fixation, level instrument selection, curve flexibility, kind of anchor rods used for patients and post-operative care are the main factors affecting the outcome of surgery.

Methods: A total 50 patients was included in the study. The control group, which included 31 patients treated with Ti rods, was compared with an experimental group of 19 patients treated with CCM rods. Correction surgery was performed through posterior approach using rod-rotation maneuver after inserting a pedicle screw in each vertebrae within the fusion. Six-millimeter CCM and six-millimeter Ti rods were used in experimental and control groups, respectively. Pre and postoperative indices of coronal alignment and sagittal alignment were measured.

Results: There was no statistical difference between the two groups for age, sex, Risser’s stage, preoperative Cobb’s angle, type and flexibility of curvature. The correction rate of thoracic curve was 71.4±10.2% for the CCM group and 71.8±6.1% for the Ti group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups for all coronal and sagittal factors (p>0.05).

Conclusions: AIS cases with double curvature, there was no statistically significant difference between Ti and CCM rods for coronal and sagittal plane correction rates. The derivations from biomechanical studies do not translate into clinical situations.
Arthroscopic management of tibial eminence fracture: a review of treatment outcome
Authors: S. Shreekantha K. , N. Gowthamapradhaban , Malik Deepak , . Mahendranath
Published: April 2021

In this study outcomes of arthroscopic management of tibial eminence fracture have been described. We conducted a study of 15 patients of ACL avulsion fractures especially Meyer and Mckeever type II and III treated arthroscopically by pull through sutures. Outcome measures were assessed through International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) form, Tenger Activity scale and Lysholm knee score. The study group consisted of 15 patients who met the inclusion criteria, of which 9 were male and 6 were female. The range of patient age consisted of 13-37 years and the average patient age was 20.6 years. The average male age was 22.11 years and the average female age was 18.33 years. The fracture classification showed 7 being type II while 8 were type III. Tegner Activity level at follow up ranged from 5-8 and the mean score was 6.4. On follow-up evaluation, the mean Lysholm score was 92.8 (ranging from 76-100). 6 patients who had inter-meniscal interposition was retracted or resected showed no difference in functional outcome. We found that displaced tibial eminence fractures could be successfully treated using arthroscopic pull through sutures, with most patients returning to their previous activity level. Complications were avoided by anatomic reduction of fracture fragments and early post-operative rehabilitation.
A novel technique of annular ligament reconstruction using extensor carpi radialis longus tendon fascia: a report of 3 cases
Authors: Maniar Adit , Kakatkar Sagar
Published: April 2021

Annular ligament is an important stabiliser of radial head. In cases of chronic radial head dislocation, annular ligament reconstruction is warranted to maintain radial head reduction to improve elbow function. We have reported here a novel technique using the fascia overlying extensor carpi radialis longus tendon for annular ligament reconstruction. We reported an average flexion of 130º and full supination in all 3 cases. 2 patients achieved mid pronation and 1 achieved full pronation; comparable with other described techniques. Our novel technique through a single incision has excellent functional outcomes. Additionally, it is simple, cost effective, requires no hardware.
YU.V. BOUTOROVA FOUNDATION IN SYZRAN ARCHIVE AND ITS SOURCE POTENTIAL
Authors: Sumburova E.I.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the history of the creation of the personal Fund of Yulia Vladimirovna Boutorova (1885-1946), analyzes the source possibilities of the Fund's materials in the study of the history of everyday life of the Volga nobility at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries, the history of the First world war and the collapse of the Russian Empire. The author notes the uniqueness of the archive Fund of Yu. V. Boutorova as the only personal Fund of the pre-Soviet period in the archive of Syzran. When working with the materials of the Foundation, the method of reconstruction of the "family archive” was used, based on the methodological approaches of the new scientific direction memory studies, which allowed to restore the key moments of the Boutorov family's life and determine their main family values.
DOCUMENTS OF THE PERSONAL FUND OF E.V. SHPAKOVA IN TSGASO (F. R5222) AS A SCIENTIFIC AND INFORMATIONAL SOURCE
Authors: Karmanova E.V.
Published: April 2021

The article describes the biography of E.V. Shpakova, her personal fund in the Central State Archives of the Samara Region is analyzed, the historical and informational potential of documents of the personal fund for specific historical research on the history of the Kuibyshev chocolate factory «Russia» is determined.
DOCUMENTS OF THE PERSONAL FUND OF V. F. GRUSHIN AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE ON THE HISTORY OF THE SOVIET AUTHOR'S SONG OF THE 1960S-1980S
Authors: Nikolaev S.V.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the documents of the personal fund of V. F. Grushin in the Central State Archive of the Samara region, contains a brief initial analysis of the composition of the fund, which has not been conducted to date. On the basis of the foundation's documents, the biography of V. F. Grushin, a performer of the bard song, a student of the Kuibyshev Aviation Institute, who was actively engaged in tourist activities, is revealed. Information from the documents deposited in the fund allows us to supplement the available information about the life and work of V. F. Grushin, to deepen and concretize the history of the formation and development of the author's song in the USSR in the 1960s and 1980s.
PERSONAL SOURCES IN THE STUDY OF KUYBYSHEV (SAMARA) MEDICINE IN THE SECOND HALF OF 20TH CENTURY AND EARLY 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Mistryugov P.A.
Published: April 2021

The article focuses on sociological experience of collecting the data about life and work of the founders of scientific-pedagogical schools in Samara State Medical University - T.I. Eroshevskij, I.B. Soldatov, G.L. Ratner, whose achievements gained recognition both in Russia and abroad. They made a great contribution to the establishment and development of a number of specialized kinds of medical treatment in the spheres of ophthalmology, otolaryngology, cardiovascular surgery and general surgery.
Enfermedad de Fabry clásica en pacientes pediátricos asintomáticos
Authors: Villalobos-Azuaje Jacobo José , Padrón-Nieves Maritza del Carmen
Published: April 2021

El propósito de este artículo es proponer un marco bioético para la administración de la terapia enzimática en niños con enfermedad de Fabry asintomáticos. Se realizó un estudio de campo transversal, observacional, descriptivo, con análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, a la luz de la bioética en médicos que han diagnosticado y tratado pacientes con la enfermedad a nivel nacional e internacional, mediante una encuesta con preguntas cerradas validada por juicio de expertos, se evaluó la aplicación de los principios de no maleficencia, justicia y sacralidad de la vida en la administración del tratamiento enzimático para estos pacientes. La información se agrupó y procesó con estadística descriptiva. El 83,33 % de los encuestados consideró que un niño con enfermedad de Fabry asintomático debe recibir tratamiento enzimático específico, independientemente de su costo (justicia), además, que el tratamiento debe ser financiado por el Estado a fin de prevenir las complicaciones de la enfermedad; esto fue reconocido por el 75 % de los médicos encuestados (no maleficencia). El 66,66 % consideró que la sacralidad de la vida está en función de prevenir las complicaciones que condicionan la muerte. Así, con base en la bioética principialista se justifica iniciar la terapia enz- imática específica para el tratamiento de niños con enfermedad de Fabry asintomáticos.
A meta-analysis of the influence of the external conditions on the biosensor receptor layer component stability
Authors: Kłos-Witkowska Aleksandra , Martsenyuk Vasyl
Published: April 2021

The manuscript presented here contains meta-analysis of the influence of the external conditions on the biosensor receptor layer component stability. The novelty of this paper is due to compilation and comparison of studies, based on proposed collective analyses. The presented meta-analysis allows to increase the precision and accuracy of the results by combining and co-analyzing data from five smaller experiments. To understand the significance of presented meta-analysis, the most important conclusions and observations resulting from the conducted five types of research [F1] to [F5] are given. The conducted meta-analysis showed the magnitude of stability differences caused by different external factors. An approach of numerical interpretation of the qualitative stability changes has been offered. The conducted meta-analysis showed that the tested factors influence the stability of the BSA in different ways
Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC)/Lynch Syndrome: Surveillance and Diagnostic strategies
Authors: Jokar Mohammad Hassan , Sedighi Sima , Moradzadeh Maliheh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC, Lynch syndrome) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. The disease is caused by a mutation in one of four genes of the DNA mismatch repair system and increases the risk for various cancers, especially the uterine and colon cancers. The prevalence of this disease in the general population is about 1 in 500 and it causes about 2-3% of colorectal cancers. Lynch syndrome is diagnosed in two stages: 1) the person is suspected of having the disease (because a patient is unusually diagnosed with cancer at a young age), and 2) evidence of incomplete repair defect is seen in the tumor tissue (microsatellite instability). The detection of a pathogenic mutation confirms the diagnosis in these patients and enables predictive testing for other family members. Diagnostic evaluation of Lynch syndrome should be performed with appropriate genetic counseling. Systemic colonoscopy surveillance could identify colon cancers at an earlier stage before patients present clinical symptoms.
Conclusion: Although many studies have been done, but the benefits of an individualized, risk-adapted surveillance strategy are still unclear. Until this is identified, Lynch syndrome patients and healthy carriers with causative mutations should be monitored by annual colonoscopy and annual gynecological examination (for women).
Evaluation of Backpropagation Neural Network Models for Early Prediction of Student’s Graduation in XYZ University
Authors: Yaqin Ainul , Laksito Arif Dwi , Fatonah Siti
Published: April 2021

The study period of the student in a tertiary institution is undoubtedly essential in implementing the objectives of the tertiary institution, particularly for the implementation of the study program, so that its outcomes will affect accreditation. Prediction of students' study period can be a reference for higher education institutions in making policies for the future. Based on XYZ University data, especially in the informatics study program, many students have the different generation and concentration therein. In the implementation of students in studying, several factors, including the value of the Grade Point Average (GPA), can affect the study period taken. Likewise, the institutions often do not understand the conditions or predictive value of students' study period on campus. The application of neural networks in predicting the students’ study period at the XYZ University uses a network model with GPA values as input and 1 layer of hidden layers with 10, 50 and 100 neurons; learning rate values used are 0.01, 0.1 and 0.3 and 1 output target for the study period. Prediction results obtained the best results on the neuron network pattern 50 with 0.01 as a learning rate, which detail of MSE value, the training is 0,017516 and the testing is 0,047721, with an accuracy value of 77%.
Music Source Separation Using ASPP Based on Coupled U-Net Model
Authors: Yang Suwon , Lee Daewon
Published: April 2021

Noise has established itself as one of the factors that interfere with modern human life, and various noise canceling techniques have been studied to prevent noise. While the old era's noise-canceling technique focused on the physical soundproofing technique, multiple studies have been conducted on the active noise canceling technique that removes only the activated noise in the current era. Active noise canceling (ANC) or digital noise-canceling technology is based on the sound source separation method. This leads to sound source separation technology, which refers to the technology to separate individual sound signals from mixture sounds. Most of the source separation technologies focus on improving speech, not noise reduction. This technology makes it possible to obtain desired sound information more accurately and further improves noise-canceling technology by eliminating unwanted sound information. To provide deeper capability and more enhanced sound separation than the existing structure, we are focused on coupled U-Net model and Atrous spatial pyramid pooling technique (ASPP). This paper presents the music source separation method that combined Coupled U-Net structure with Atrous spatial pyramid pooling technique. To prove the proposed source separation method, we compared GNSDR, GSIR, and GSAR using MIR-1K, a data set that can evaluate the performance of the music source separation. Performance results show that the proposed source separation method overcame other methods' disadvantages and strengthened the feature map.
Using Phylogeny Approach on Ethnobotanical Bioprospecting for Leading Antimalarial Plant-Based Drug Discovery
Authors: Liana Desy , Rungsihirunrat Kanchana
Published: April 2021

Ethnobotanical-directed bioprospecting has made a significant contribution to modern drug discoveries. However, merely relying on this approach may spend more expenditure, time-consuming, and lead exhaustive laboratory testing due to the tremendous data of medicinal plants used and the occurrence of placebo effect during traditional medical treatment. Combining the phylogeny approach with ethnobotanical bioprospecting may become new prospective tools to lead the plant-based drug discovery, including antimalaria. This study aimed to map the ethnomedicinal plants used by various indigenous cultures to investigate the clustered pattern of its antimalarial properties for future bioprospecting. The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequences of selected 280 medicinal plants taxa obtained from NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) were aligned by MUSCLE multiple sequences alignments. They were further analyzed using the Maximum Likelihood Phylogenetic Test by MEGA X software to construct the phylogenetic tree. Our research revealed that the medicinal plant taxa for malaria treatment was clumped in several families, including Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Fabaceae were strongly clumped along with plants used for fever in the Asteraceae family. Interestingly, our finding showed that these plants were clumped in the sub-family of antimalarial producing species, the Asteroidea. Furthermore, the strongly clumping pattern was also shown in the tribe Heliantheae alliance of this sub-family. This finding supports the predictive power of phylogeny for future bioprospecting to select the candidate taxa to lead the drug discovery.