bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Статус категории саморазвития в современной отечественной психологии (по материалам V съезда РПО)
Authors: Щукина Мария Алексеевна
Published: June 2018

The article focuses on the status of the attention of the professional psychologicalcommunity to the category of self-development through a prism of statements of participantsof Vth Congress of the RPS. Problem fields and methodological solutions in whichthe self-development category is used are reconstructed. Frequency analysis of using psychologicalconcepts of “self” by the authors of the materials of the congress is conducted.Frequency analysis of using psychological concepts of “self-” by the authors of the materialsof the congress is conducted. “Self-development” is discussed as sign methodologicalconcept, indicating by itself a number of actual methodological turns in various areas of apsychological science. Postnonclassical, anthropological turns, turn to maturity psychology,and also formation of pedagogy of self-development as special area of a pedagogicalscience are allocated. Their refractions in the materials given by authors of congress areconsidered.
Дидактический стандарт как метатехнология современного образования
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Фоменко Владимир Трофимович
Published: June 2018

The didactic standard, being an original meta-technology of education, is fixing itsattention on the general, that is inherent in the content of various courses. On the onehand, the didactic standard synthesises those general requirements which are shown forthe present by state educational standards in force to the content of definite subjects. Inour case these are standards of the first generation. On the other hand, the didactic standardis also beyond standards of the first generation which are becoming invalid, it considersnew social, economic and political conditions in the country and is the forerunnerof new state standards, those are standards of the second generation. It is possible to say,that the didactic standard is like a bridge between the first and the second generations ofstandards.
Акмеологические особенности смысловой дивергенции как фактора профессионального самоопределения
Authors: Белоконь Ирина Александровна
Published: June 2018

Sense divergence, as a personal intension to disclosing of sense of the personal-professional potential, in a situation of professional self-determination becomes the factor, initiating the active choice of multidimensional mini-stages of professional formation, and the mechanism safeguarding the person’ existence in the future. The programs of additional education of a psychological orientation provide development of meta-abilities connected with a choice of the further trajectory of professional self-realization on the basis of sense divergence as a basis of correction of life plans of personality.
Психологические особенности смыслообразования студентов: типы, стили, стратегии
Authors: Гуров Сергей Викторович
Published: June 2018

Such factors as age, education, professional self-determination influence the sensesphere formation at the preadult age. Depending on influence of the variety of factorsthe sense sphere of personality at the preadult age will have various degree of formationand it will influence the young man’s purposefulness, ability to a goal-setting andgeneral life satisfaction. At the present stage of development of psychology there aredistinguished various types, styles and strategies of sense formation which are necessaryto be understood as a personal readiness to perceive the education content at avalue-sense level.
Коммуникативные стратегии преподавателей как фактор инициации смыслообразования студентов
Authors: Савченко Анна Борисовна
Published: June 2018

Sense communications in the educational process essentially depend on communicative potential of the teacher’s personality, on a level of sense saturation of the educational process planned by the teacher as the subject of influence on the student.
Проблемы образования и воспитания в общественно-политическом наследии П.А. Кропоткина
Authors: Чернышёва Елена Станиславовна
Published: June 2018

In the article there are analyzed works of P.A. Kropotkin, the theorist of anarchism. Itis shown that along with sharp criticism of a traditional upbringing system and Marxistideas of polytechnic education he has offered the concept of creation of a new system ofcraft education which should be realized in the “industrial village” conditions. It is characterized an educational ideal – free comprehensively developed personality possessing encyclopedic knowledge and abilities, providing its life activity.
Формирование профессионального правового сознания как условие профилактики профессиональной деформации у курсантов вузов системы МВД
Authors: Крыжевская Наталья Николаевна
Published: June 2018

In the article there are presented the results of the theoretical analysis of a problem of formation of the professional legal consciousness among law enforcement officers as conditions of the professional deformation prevention; there are reported its structure and formation mechanisms among the students of the institutes of higher education of the Interior Ministry system. The author distinguishes the parameters of research of this psychological construct of personality; the complex of techniques for its studying is developed.There are presented the results of studying of the professional legal consciousness among the students with various degree of predisposition to professional deformation at the experiment ascertaining and control stages, it is described the program of its formation taking into account these indicators and also grade levels in the higher education institution.
К дефиниции смыслового барьера в теории деятельности
Authors: Осипова Алла Анатольевна , Брижак Зинаида Игоревна
Published: June 2018

The article deals with the features of a “sense barrier” concept definition and the features of this concept formation in the activity theory.
Проблемы изучения отношения к жизни и смерти в юридической психологии
Authors: Шкуратов Владимир Александрович , Михайлова Ольга Юрьевна , Котова Татьяна Анатольевна
Published: June 2018

The article is devoted to the analysis of psychological and legal aspects of the existential and humanistic problematics. It is shown that now the problems of attitude to life and death in juridical psychology are mainly considered in connection with needs of practice. Meanwhile studying of these problems seems very actual due to the necessity of knowledge of the main regularities of formation of the person as a highly organized being, moral and ethical basis of his/her existenc
Личностные особенности предпринимателей малых городов
Authors: Муравьёва Ольга Ивановна , Мацута Валерия Владимировна , Ерлыкова Юлия Николаевна
Published: June 2018

The problem of psychological preconditions for the development of entrepreneurship in small towns of Russia is raised in the paper. Data about personality characteristics of small towns’ entrepreneurs are presented. The results of a comparative study of values,hardiness, and ambiguity tolerance, which are inherent to the entrepreneurs and nonentrepreneurs of urban community Shira (Russia, Khakass Republic), are presented. Differencesin hardiness, ambiguity tolerance, and value orientations of small towns’ entrepreneurs (Shira) and big cities’ entrepreneurs  (Tomsk) are revealed. The hypothesis about the destruction of traditional value system as a condition for development of entrepreneurialpersonality qualities.
Метапредметная проектная деятельность в системе метапроектного обучения
Authors: Колесина Карина Юрьевна , Мирошниченко Александр Владимирович
Published: June 2018

In the article there are presented the authors’ general theoretical positions allowing to consider the metaproject education approach as the mechanism of realization of the goals and objectives facing modern education; there are also revealed goal orientations of metaproject education.
Вопросы художественной одаренности: мастер-класс «У встречных путей прошлого и будущего»
Authors: Кара Жанна Юрьевна , Омельяненко Елена Владимировна , Куприянова Людмила Валентиновна
Published: June 2018

This article focuses on one of the most exciting issues of our time – giftedness. We consider a practical way to work with artistically gifted children in the “Southern Regional Center of Giftedness SFU.” The event took the form of an open lesson (integrated master-class) with the participation of students from Rostov-on-Don, clear explanation and demonstration of techniques, technologies and methods of work for teachers and lecturers of secondary (general), specialized and higher educational institutions of both ordinary and specialized type.
Психологические особенности гражданской идентичности студентов разной этноконфессиональной направленности
Authors: Масленников Александр Александрович
Published: June 2018

In the article in a theoretical aspect there are considered the phenomenon of a civilidentity as a component of personal adaptation of students and psychological approachesto its studying. The attention is focused on a competence approach which allows toconsider identity as a personal value of the person of a certain ethnic and confessionalbelonging at a level of identification competence.
Дидактические основы развития самопрезентации как компонента профессиональной успешности будущего специалиста
Authors: Савин Василий Анатольевич
Published: June 2018

In this article it is raised a problem of formation of the professional self-presentation of the future experts in a context of competence and didactic approaches of the modern educational process in the institute of higher education.
Особенности восприятия личности по фотографии в интернете (на материале сайтов террористической и антитеррористической направленности)
Authors: Волков Сергей Игоревич
Published: June 2018

This article is devoted to a problem of perception of a person from a photo on the material of the sites focused on youth audience. A substantial aspect of contents was chosen as a certain information modality – the directed translation of information connectedwith the terrorist or anti-terrorist information propaganda.
Возможности формирования компонентов психодиагностической деятельности у студентов-психологов в процессе опытно-экспериментальной программы
Authors: Ачина Алиса Владимировна
Published: June 2018

The article considers the possibilities of creating the components of psycho-diagnostic activity among students- psychologists in the process of the experimental program. The components of psychodiagnostic activity are described. We assessed the semiotic, logic, technical and deontological components of psychodiagnostic activity among studentspsychologists before and after their participation in the experimental program. We managed to reveal the markers of deontological components of the psychodiagnostic activity and ways of developing this component. We outlined the ways of the further research.G5=8O.
Методика изучения социально-психологической адаптации индивида в малой группе и неформальной подгруппе
Authors: Сидоренков Андрей Владимирович , Коваль Елена Сергеевна
Published: June 2018

The article describes the questionnaire of individual’s social-psychological adaptation in the group and subgroup. The technique is based on an ordinal scale with bipolar principle of the signs ordering and has 14 points in the form of statements. Evaluation ofthe sign severity, displayed at the item is carried out by means of the 7-point scale. The results of evaluation the substantive and the face validity, reliability, consistency, normality of distribution and compilation of normative data are presented. The study involved174 employees – members of labor collectives in different fields of activity. Established, that the technique meets the basic requirements and can be used in research and applied purposes.
Новые технологические ракурсы обучения: современный урок в модулях
Authors: Абакумова Ирина Владимировна , Савин Василий Анатольевич , Фоменко Владимир Трофимович
Published: June 2018

A modern lesson is considered by authors in a modular structure. Thus extremes of two approaches existing in didactics are overcome, one of which considers a lesson in an extremely general view, and the other examines it in its stage-by-stage, differentiated developmentin time. In the modular approach suggested by the authors a horizontal and a vertical lines of education are combined, the general and individual in it are found in one area of designing, carrying out and analyzing of the lesson. The lesson is considered in various didactic aspects and at the same time entirely. The article is intended to teachers, methodologists, teachers-researchers, psychologists.
Ретроспективный анализ уголовно-правового противодействия массовым беспорядкам в российской федерации
Authors: Багмет Анатолий Михайлович
Published: June 2018

In the article it is given the historical analysis of criminal-legal means of counteraction to such a criminal offense, as mass riots. The research allowed the author to make theoretically substantiated conclusions and proposals which may be taken as a principle of improvement of the criminal legislation of our country.
Психологические основы подготовки следователей для расследования преступлений, совершенных в отношении несовершеннолетних
Authors: Брижак Зинаида Игоревна , Волочай Сергей Николаевич
Published: June 2018

The article is devoted to the features of minors, victims of crimes, features of these crimes what, in turn, defines the specifics of investigators’ training for investigation of the specified group of penal offences.
Модели гендерной делинквентности
Authors: Дзюман Елена Михайловна , Целиковский Сергей Борисович , Котова Татьяна Анатольевна , Михайлова Ольга Юрьевна
Published: June 2018

The article deals with features of the gender approach to problems of legal psychology. It is shown that male teenagers’ gender delinquency different models are connected with various structure of gender identity and specific features of its formation.Authors believe that gender identity defects among juvenile sex offenders will be rather different in comparison with adults, as their sexual consciousness is at a formation stage.
Особенности социальной устойчивости военнослужащих в условиях повышенной боевой готовности
Authors: Васильева Ольга Семёновна , Калачинская Ольга Андреевна
Published: June 2018

In the work the problem urgency is substantiated; there are adduced results of the research of social stability of military personnel; it is stated the fact of change of professional motives in the course of professional development of military personnel. It is shown that social stability of military personnel represents a complex system formation consisting ofsteady (base) and variative components.
Использование анализа независимых компонентов для локализации источников вызванной активности при различении текстурных модуляций
Authors: Ермаков Павел Николаевич , Бабенко Виталий Вадимович , Явна Денис Викторович
Published: June 2018

Contrast, orientation and spatial-frequency texture modulations are detected by second-order visual mechanisms. Psychophysical data gives the evidence of the second-order mechanisms selectivity (specificity) to the listed types of modulations. This selectivity canhave different cerebral localization of second-order mechanisms in it’s basis. The aim of current research was to check this assumption using psychophysiological methods. It was shown that evoked activity sources recorded in solving the task of distinguishing types of modulation are located in different cortex areas. This fact is psychophysiological evidence for second-order mechanisms specificity.
Анализ взаимосвязей между стилями мышления и параметрами решения психодиагностических задач у студентов-психологов и психологов-практиков
Authors: Ачина Алиса Владимировна
Published: June 2018

This article deals with the empirical results of solving psychodiagnostic tasks by the psychologists with the experience of work over three years, and students-psychologists with different styles of thinking. The assessment of success while solving psychodiagnostictasks by the representatives of the different thinking styles is carried out. The author analyzed specific character of solving psychodiagnostic tasks, and also made the comparative analysis of success among practical psychologists and students-psychologists takinginto consideration their thinking styles. The lines for further investigations in field of the research are set.
Символ и символизация: сходство и различия интерпретаций в контексте различных психологических подходов
Authors: Колтунова Елена Аркадьевна
Published: June 2018

Symbolization – is the process of creation (at the level of the public conscious) andacquiring (at the level of the individual conscious) of the new notions –symbols, concentratedin the generalized form, the significance of their specific qualities as “super important”or “super realistic”. The notions- symbols have the function which differ from anyother, because they play the role of the universal indicators, which orientate cognizer tothe meaning of the context, which must not only be perceived indifferently, which needsto be realized, assessed, interpreted in a certain way. In the frame of the different psychologicalapproaches the problem of the symbolization is treated and evaluated in differentways. The analysis of some definitions of this scientific category let us rise to the integrativelevel of understanding of the mechanisms of the symbols and symbolization.
Robotic Services Acceptance in Smart Environments With Older Adults: User Satisfaction and Acceptability Study
Authors: Cavallo Filippo , Esposito Raffaele , Limosani Raffaele , Manzi Alessandro , Bevilacqua Roberta , Felici Elisa , Di Nuovo Alessandro , Cangelosi Angelo , Lattanzio Fabrizia , Dario Paolo
Published: June 2018

Background

In Europe, the population of older people is increasing rapidly. Many older people prefer to remain in their homes but living alone could be a risk for their safety. In this context, robotics and other emerging technologies are increasingly proposed as potential solutions to this societal concern. However, one-third of all assistive technologies are abandoned within one year of use because the end users do not accept them.

Objective

The aim of this study is to investigate the acceptance of the Robot-Era system, which provides robotic services to permit older people to remain in their homes.

Methods

Six robotic services were tested by 35 older users. The experiments were conducted in three different environments: private home, condominium, and outdoor sites. The appearance questionnaire was developed to collect the users’ first impressions about the Robot-Era system, whereas the acceptance was evaluated through a questionnaire developed ad hoc for Robot-Era.

Results

A total of 45 older users were recruited. The people were grouped in two samples of 35 participants, according to their availability. Participants had a positive impression of Robot-Era robots, as reflected by the mean score of 73.04 (SD 11.80) for DORO’s (domestic robot) appearance, 76.85 (SD 12.01) for CORO (condominium robot), and 75.93 (SD 11.67) for ORO (outdoor robot). Men gave ORO’s appearance an overall score higher than women (P=.02). Moreover, participants younger than 75 years understood more readily the functionalities of Robot-Era robots compared to older people (P=.007 for DORO, P=.001 for CORO, and P=.046 for ORO). For the ad hoc questionnaire, the mean overall score was higher than 80 out of 100 points for all Robot-Era services. Older persons with a high educational level gave Robot-Era services a higher score than those with a low level of education (shopping: P=.04; garbage: P=.047; reminding: P=.04; indoor walking support: P=.006; outdoor walking support: P=.03). A higher score was given by male older adults for shopping (P=.02), indoor walking support (P=.02), and outdoor walking support (P=.03).

Conclusions

Based on the feedback given by the end users, the Robot-Era system has the potential to be developed as a socially acceptable and believable provider of robotic services to facilitate older people to live independently in their homes.
Measurement of Quality of Life in Patients with Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Development of an Electronic Instrument (Preprint)
Authors: McCaffrey Stacey , Black Ryan A , Nagao Mitchell , Sepassi Marjan , Sharma Gaurav , Thornton Susan , Kim Youn H , Braverman Julia
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Although the quality of life (QoL) plays an important role in treatment decision making and clinical management of mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS) subtypes of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (MF/SS-CTCLs), an MF- or SS-specific measure of QoL does not exist.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this research was to develop and validate the first QoL instrument for MF/SS-CTCL using a patient-centered approach.

METHODS

A conceptual framework for the MF/SS-CTCL QoL was developed through a literature review and interviews with key opinion leaders. Concept elicitation with patients was utilized to refine the conceptual model and generate preliminary items. The items were then revised based on qualitative and quantitative feedback obtained through cognitive debriefing surveys and interviews with patients. Next, participants (N=126) completed the preliminary MF/SS-CTCL QoL and a comparator measure of health-related QoL (Skindex-29) through the PatientsLikeMe Open Research Exchange. The MF/SS-CTCL QoL was completed again 5 days later by 66 participants for the purposes of evaluating test-retest reliability. The MF/SS-CTCL QoL was finalized based on results from an empirical evaluation, which included both classical and modern test theory approaches. Specifically, this included evaluation of (1) the optimal item response theory measurement model; (2) item fit; (3) unidimensionality; (4) rating scale performance; (5) reliability; (6) test information (precision); (7) person-to-item map; (8) convergent and discriminant validity; and (9) presence of bias via differential item function.

RESULTS

Results from the comprehensive psychometric evaluation utilizing a Rasch-Grouped Rating Scale model yielded a final 12-item instrument. The rating scale functioned as expected, and the instrument exhibited adequate person reliability (.87), good to excellent test-retest reliability (r=.89, P<.001), high levels of measurement precision, and good person-to-item targeting. The correlation between the MF/SS-CTCL QoL and the Skindex-29 (r=.852, P<.001) was significantly greater than the correlation between the MF/SS-CTCL QoL and syndrome stage (r=.260, P<.001), providing support for convergent and discriminant validity. Items did not show significant bias based on gender, age, or race. Rasch scores were converted to scaled scores with qualitative descriptive categories for ease of interpretation.

CONCLUSIONS

Empirical evaluation demonstrated strong evidence of excellent psychometric properties. Utilizing a patient-centered measure development approach ensures that this QoL instrument captures the information that is most meaningful and clinically relevant to patients.
Barriers to and Facilitators of Engagement With mHealth Technology for Remote Measurement and Management of Depression: Qualitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Simblett Sara , Matcham Faith , Siddi Sara , Bulgari Viola , Barattieri di San Pietro Chiara , Hortas López Jorge , Ferrão José , Polhemus Ashley , Haro Josep Maria , de Girolamo Giovanni , Gamble Peter , Eriksson Hans , Hotopf Matthew , Wykes Til ,   RADAR-CNS Consortium
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Mobile technology has the potential to provide accurate, impactful data on the symptoms of depression, which could improve health management or assist in early detection of relapse. However, for this potential to be achieved, it is essential that patients engage with the technology. Although many barriers to and facilitators of the use of this technology are common across therapeutic areas and technology types, many may be specific to cultural and health contexts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to determine the potential barriers to and facilitators of engagement with mobile health (mHealth) technology for remote measurement and management of depression across three Western European countries.

METHODS

Participants (N=25; 4:1 ratio of women to men; age range, 25-73 years) who experienced depression participated in five focus groups held in three countries (two in the United Kingdom, two in Spain, and one in Italy). The focus groups investigated the potential barriers to and facilitators of the use of mHealth technology. A systematic thematic analysis was used to extract themes and subthemes.

RESULTS

Facilitators and barriers were categorized as health-related factors, user-related factors, and technology-related factors. A total of 58 subthemes of specific barriers and facilitators or moderators emerged. A core group of themes including motivation, potential impact on mood and anxiety, aspects of inconvenience, and ease of use was noted across all countries.

CONCLUSIONS

Similarities in the barriers to and facilitators of the use of mHealth technology have been observed across Spain, Italy, and the United Kingdom. These themes provide guidance on ways to promote the design of feasible and acceptable cross-cultural mHealth tools.
Impact of a Wearable Device-Based Walking Programs in Rural Older Adults on Physical Activity and Health Outcomes: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jang Il-Young , Kim Hae Reong , Lee Eunju , Jung Hee-Won , Park Hyelim , Cheon Seon-Hee , Lee Young Soo , Park Yu Rang
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Community-dwelling older adults living in rural areas are in a less favorable environment for health care compared with urban older adults. We believe that intermittent coaching through wearable devices can help optimize health care for older adults in medically limited environments.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to evaluate whether a wearable device and mobile-based intermittent coaching or self-management could increase physical activity and health outcomes of small groups of older adults in rural areas.

METHODS

To address the above evaluation goal, we carried out the “Smart Walk” program, a health care model wherein a wearable device is used to promote self-exercise particularly among community-dwelling older adults managed by a community health center. We randomly selected older adults who had enrolled in a population-based, prospective cohort study of aging, the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area. The “Smart Walk” program was a 13-month program conducted from March 2017 to March 2018 and included 6 months of coaching, 1 month of rest, and 6 months of self-management. We evaluated differences in physical activity and health outcomes according to frailty status and conducted pre- and postanalyses of the Smart Walk program. We also performed intergroup analysis according to adherence of wearable devices.

RESULTS

We recruited 22 participants (11 robust and 11 prefrail older adults). The two groups were similar in most of the variables, except for age, frailty index, and Short Physical Performance Battery score associated with frailty criteria. After a 6-month coaching program, the prefrail group showed significant improvement in usual gait speed (mean 0.73 [SD 0.11] vs mean 0.96 [SD 0.27], P=.02), International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores in kcal (mean 2790.36 [SD 2224.62] vs mean 7589.72 [SD 4452.52], P=.01), and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions score (mean 0.84 [SD 0.07] vs mean 0.90 [SD 0.07], P=.02), although no significant improvement was found in the robust group. The average total step count was significantly different and was approximately four times higher in the coaching period than in the self-management period (5,584,295.83 vs 1,289,084.66, P<.001). We found that participants in the “long-self” group who used the wearable device for the longest time showed increased body weight and body mass index by mean 0.65 (SD 1.317) and mean 0.097 (SD 0.513), respectively, compared with the other groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Our “Smart Walk” program improved physical fitness, anthropometric measurements, and geriatric assessment categories in a small group of older adults in rural areas with limited resources for monitoring. Further validation through various rural public health centers and in a large number of rural older adults is required.
Period of Measurement in Time-Series Predictions of Disease Counts from 2007 to 2017 in Northern Nevada: Analytics Experiment (Preprint)
Authors: Talaei-Khoei Amir , Wilson James M , Kazemi Seyed-Farzan
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

The literature in statistics presents methods by which autocorrelation can identify the best period of measurement to improve the performance of a time-series prediction. The period of measurement plays an important role in improving the performance of disease-count predictions. However, from the operational perspective in public health surveillance, there is a limitation to the length of the measurement period that can offer meaningful and valuable predictions.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to establish a method that identifies the shortest period of measurement without significantly decreasing the prediction performance for time-series analysis of disease counts.

METHODS

The data used in this evaluation include disease counts from 2007 to 2017 in northern Nevada. The disease counts for chlamydia, salmonella, respiratory syncytial virus, gonorrhea, viral meningitis, and influenza A were predicted.

RESULTS

Our results showed that autocorrelation could not guarantee the best performance for prediction of disease counts. However, the proposed method with the change-point analysis suggests a period of measurement that is operationally acceptable and performance that is not significantly different from the best prediction.

CONCLUSIONS

The use of change-point analysis with autocorrelation provides the best and most practical period of measurement.
Quality of Medical Advice Provided Between Members of a Web-Based Message Board for Patients With Implantable Defibrillators: Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Knoepke Christopher E , Slack D Hogan , Ingle M Pilar , Matlock Daniel D , Marzec Lucas N
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Patients use Web-based medical information to understand medical conditions and treatments. A number of efforts have been made to understand the quality of professionally created content; however, none have described the quality of advice being provided between anonymous members of Web-based message boards.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to characterize the quality of medical information provided between members of an anonymous internet message board addressing treatment with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).

METHODS

We quantitatively analyzed 2 years of discussions using a mixed inductive-deductive framework, first, for instances in which members provided medical advice and, then, for the quality of the advice.

RESULTS

We identified 82 instances of medical advice within 127 discussions. Advice covered 6 topical areas: (1) Device information, (2) Programming, (3) Cardiovascular disease, (4) Lead management, (5) Activity restriction, and (6) Management of other conditions. Across all advice, 50% (41/82) was deemed generally appropriate, 24% (20/82) inappropriate for most patients, 6% (5/82) controversial, and 20% (16/82) without sufficient context. Proportions of quality categories varied between topical areas. We have included representative examples.

CONCLUSIONS

The quality of advice shared between anonymous members of a message board regarding ICDs varied considerably according to topical area and the specificity of advice. This report provides a model to describe the quality of the available Web-based patient-generated material.
Quality of HIV Websites With Information About Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis or Treatment as Prevention for Men Who Have Sex With Men: Systematic Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Silverman Taylor , Asante Nicole , van den Berg Jacob J
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND

Knowledge and uptake of high-efficacy HIV prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and treatment as prevention (TasP) remain low among men who have sex with men (MSM) who are at the highest risk for HIV infection in the United States. Electronic health (eHealth) interventions are promising tools for disseminating information about these critical yet underutilized strategies and addressing key barriers to uptake among target populations. However, existing HIV prevention websites are understudied and unevaluated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to systematically review and evaluate existing HIV websites that include information about PrEP or TasP for MSM.

METHODS

From March 2018 to May 2018, 2 trained research assistants (RAs) entered relevant key words and phrases into 3 commonly used search engines and applied exclusion criteria to all returned results to identify 31 websites included in this review. RAs independently scored each website for authority, usability, interactivity, and PrEP/TasP-related content based on a standardized rating scale and then averaged the results.

RESULTS

No website received a perfect score in any of the 4 categories, and the average website score was 62% (37/60). Less than a quarter of the websites (23%, 7/31) received a score of more than 75% (7.5/10) for content. Approximately two-thirds of the websites (65%, 20/31) received a score of 50% (5/10) or lower for interactivity. The average score in usability was 68% (6.8/10) and in authority was 69% (6.9/10). Other deficiencies observed included difficulty locating relevant content and lack of information targeting audiences with the highest likelihood of HIV infection.

CONCLUSIONS

Existing HIV prevention websites with information about PrEP or TasP for MSM fail to provide adequate content as well as present that content to users in an interactive and audience-conscious way. Future eHealth interventions should attempt to rectify these deficiencies to successfully engage and educate MSM at high risk for HIV regarding prevention strategies.
Islet Long Noncoding RNAs: A Playbook for Discovery and Characterization
Authors: Singer Ruth A. , Sussel Lori
Published: June 2018

Diabetes is a complex group of metabolic disorders that can be accompanied by several comorbidities, including increased risk of early death. Decades of diabetes research have elucidated many genetic drivers of normal islet function and dysfunction; however, a lack of suitable treatment options suggests our knowledge about the disease remains incomplete. The establishment of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), once dismissed as “junk” DNA, as essential gene regulators in many biological processes has redefined the central role for RNA in cells. Studies showing that misregulation of lncRNAs can lead to disease have contributed to the emergence of lncRNAs as attractive candidates for drug targeting. These findings underscore the need to reexamine islet biology in the context of a regulatory role for RNA. This review will 1) highlight what is known about lncRNAs in the context of diabetes, 2) summarize the strategies used in lncRNA discovery pipelines, and 3) discuss future directions and the potential impact of studying the role of lncRNAs in diabetes.
Collateral Damage: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Induced With Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Stamatouli Angeliki M. , Quandt Zoe , Perdigoto Ana Luisa , Clark Pamela L. , Kluger Harriet , Weiss Sarah A. , Gettinger Scott , Sznol Mario , Young Arabella , Rushakoff Robert , Lee James , Bluestone Jeffrey A. , Anderson Mark , Herold Kevan C.
Published: June 2018

Insulin-dependent diabetes may occur in patients with cancers who are treated with checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs). We reviewed cases occurring over a 6-year period at two academic institutions and identified 27 patients in whom this developed, or an incidence of 0.9%. The patients had a variety of solid-organ cancers, but all had received either anti–PD-1 or anti–PD-L1 antibodies. Diabetes presented with ketoacidosis in 59%, and 42% had evidence of pancreatitis in the peridiagnosis period. Forty percent had at least one positive autoantibody and 21% had two or more. There was a predominance of HLA-DR4, which was present in 76% of patients. Other immune adverse events were seen in 70%, and endocrine adverse events in 44%. We conclude that autoimmune, insulin-dependent diabetes occurs in close to 1% of patients treated with anti–PD-1 or –PD-L1 CPIs. This syndrome has similarities and differences compared with classic type 1 diabetes. The dominance of HLA-DR4 suggests an opportunity to identify those at highest risk of these complications and to discover insights into the mechanisms of this adverse event.
HbA1c and Hypoglycemia Reductions at 24 and 52 Weeks With Sotagliflozin in Combination With Insulin in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The European inTandem2 Study
Authors: Danne Thomas , Cariou Bertrand , Banks Phillip , Brandle Michael , Brath Helmut , Franek Edward , Kushner Jake A. , Lapuerta Pablo , McGuire Darren K. , Peters Anne L. , Sawhney Sangeeta , Strumph Paul
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the dual sodium–glucose cotransporter 1 and 2 inhibitor sotagliflozin compared with placebo when combined with optimized insulin in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

In a double-blind, 52-week, international phase 3 trial, adults with T1D were randomized to placebo (n = 258) or once-daily oral sotagliflozin 200 mg (n = 261) or 400 mg (n = 263) after 6 weeks of insulin optimization. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from baseline to 24 weeks. The first secondary end point was a composite of the proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0%, no episode of severe hypoglycemia, and no episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at week 24. Fasting glucose, weight, insulin dose, and safety end points were assessed through 52 weeks.

RESULTS

At 24 weeks, placebo-adjusted changes in HbA1c from baseline (7.8%) were −0.37% and −0.35% with sotagliflozin 200 and 400 mg, respectively (P < 0.001), and differences were maintained at 52 weeks. At 52 weeks, greater proportions of sotagliflozin-treated patients (200 mg: 25.67%; 400 mg: 26.62%) than placebo-treated patients (14.34%; P ≤ 0.001) met the composite end point, and sotagliflozin 400 mg reduced fasting plasma glucose (−0.87 mmol/L; P = 0.008), weight (−2.92 kg; P < 0.001), and total daily insulin dose (−8.2%; P = 0.001). In a 24-week continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) substudy, postprandial glucose decreased (P ≤ 0.009) and CGM demonstrated up to 3 h more time in the target range of 3.9–10.0 mmol/L with sotagliflozin. Treatment satisfaction increased and diabetes distress decreased with sotagliflozin (P < 0.05 vs. placebo). The frequency of documented hypoglycemia was lower with sotagliflozin, and severe hypoglycemia occurred by week 52 in 13 patients (5.0%), 13 patients (5.0%), and 6 patients (2.3%) treated with placebo and sotagliflozin 200 and 400 mg, respectively. DKA occurred in 0 of 258 patients, 6 of 261 patients (2.3%), and 9 of 263 patients (3.4%) in these respective groups.

CONCLUSIONS

In a 1-year study, sotagliflozin was associated with statistically significant HbA1c reductions. More episodes of DKA and fewer episodes of documented and severe hypoglycemia were observed in patients using sotagliflozin relative to those receiving placebo (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02421510).
Sotagliflozin in Combination With Optimized Insulin Therapy in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The North American inTandem1 Study
Authors: Buse John B. , Garg Satish K. , Rosenstock Julio , Bailey Timothy S. , Banks Phillip , Bode Bruce W. , Danne Thomas , Kushner Jake A. , Lane Wendy S. , Lapuerta Pablo , McGuire Darren K. , Peters Anne L. , Reed John , Sawhney Sangeeta , Strumph Paul
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the efficacy and safety of the dual sodium–glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) and SGLT2 inhibitor sotagliflozin in combination with optimized insulin in type 1 diabetes (T1D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The inTandem1 trial, a double-blind, 52-week phase 3 trial, randomized North American adults with T1D to placebo (n = 268), sotagliflozin 200 mg (n = 263), or sotagliflozin 400 mg (n = 262) after 6 weeks of insulin optimization. The primary end point was HbA1c change from baseline at 24 weeks. HbA1c, weight, and safety were also assessed through 52 weeks.

RESULTS

From a mean baseline of 7.57%, placebo-adjusted HbA1c reductions were 0.36% and 0.41% with sotagliflozin 200 and 400 mg, respectively, at 24 weeks and 0.25% and 0.31% at 52 weeks (all P < 0.001). Among patients with a baseline HbA1c ≥7.0%, an HbA1c <7% was achieved by 15.7%, 27.2%, and 40.3% of patients receiving placebo, sotagliflozin 200 mg, and sotagliflozin 400 mg, respectively (P ≤ 0.003 vs. placebo) at 24 weeks. At 52 weeks, mean treatment differences between sotagliflozin 400 mg and placebo were −1.08 mmol/L for fasting plasma glucose, −4.32 kg for weight, and −15.63% for bolus insulin dose and −11.87% for basal insulin dose (all P < 0.001). Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores increased significantly by 2.5 points with sotagliflozin versus placebo (P < 0.001) at 24 weeks. Genital mycotic infections and diarrhea occurred more frequently with sotagliflozin. Adjudicated diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurred in 9 (3.4%) and 11 (4.2%) patients receiving sotagliflozin 200 and 400 mg, respectively, and in 1 (0.4%) receiving placebo. Severe hypoglycemia occurred in 17 (6.5%) patients from each sotagliflozin group and 26 (9.7%) patients receiving placebo.

CONCLUSIONS

In a 1-year T1D study, sotagliflozin combined with optimized insulin therapy was associated with sustained HbA1c reduction, weight loss, lower insulin dose, fewer episodes of severe hypoglycemia, improved patient-reported outcomes, and more DKA relative to placebo (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02384941).
Speaker and Speech Recognition using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Srivastava Mohit , Kumar Amod
Published: June 2018

In command and control applications, feature extraction process is very important for good accuracy and less learning time. In order to deal with these metrics, we have proposed an automated combined speaker and speech recognition technique. In this paper five isolated words are recorded with four speakers, two males and two females. We have used the Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC)  feature extraction method with Genetic Algorithm to optimize the extracted features and generate an appropriate feature set. In first phase, feature extraction using MFCC is executed following the feature optimization using Genetic Algorithm and in last & third phase, training is conducted using the Deep Neural Network. In the end, evaluation and validation of the proposed work model is done by setting real environment. To check the efficiency of the proposed work, we have calculated the parameters like accuracy, precision rate, recall rate, sensitivity and specificity..
Un modelo de simulación para una pyme acorde a dinámica de sistemas
Authors: Samaniego Guevara Hernan Washington
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo detalla la investigación llevada a cabo en una pequeña y mediana empresa (PYME), localizada en la ciudad de Quito-Ecuador, la cual se dedica a la fabricación de muebles para el hogar, cocina, sala, dormitorio, etc. En este trabajo se utilizó la metodología de investigación denominada caso de estudio, en la cual se determinan las variables específicas que afectan a la empresa.  Las variables se determinaron mediante entrevistas no estructuradas, a manera de conversatorio, con los principales directivos de la PYME.  Además, se contó con la colaboración de expertos para calificar las variables encontradas, logrando de esta manera determinar si era posible utilizarlas en el modelo diseñado. Adicionalmente, con las variables encontradas, se realizó un análisis de correlaciones estadísticas para confirmar si estas debían formar parte del modelo estructurado. Por último, se elaboró el modelo acorde a la metodología de la dinámica de sistemas y se lo validó mediante simulaciones con las variables determinadas para encontrar los posibles resultados que la pequeña y mediana empresa podría obtener en un futuro. Con los resultados alcanzados en dichas simulaciones, se confirma que el objetivo del estudio y modelo realizado sirve para entregar una herramienta permanente para que la PYME la utilice cuando así lo requiera.
Evaluación en Ruta de las Emisiones Vehiculares en Frío a 2850 msnm con Oxigenación de Gasolina a Base de Etanol
Authors: Calero Edison Wilmer , Campoverde Helmer Edison , Llanes Cedeño Edilberto , Celi Santiago , Peralta Diana , Rocha Juan Carlos
Published: June 2018

En la actualidad el uso de combustibles convencionales en el transporte es una de las causas fundamentales de la contaminación atmosférica. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en evaluar las emisiones vehiculares en frío en condiciones de altura (2 580 m) a partir de una ruta predeterminada con equipo de medición on board para la determinación del efecto oxigenación de gasolina a base de etanol sobre el factor de emisión. Se determinó el factor de emisión para tres vehículos (MAZD_2.2, CHER_2.0 y VOLK_1.8) con dos combustibles (extra y ecopais), en una prueba en ruta en condiciones de arranque en frío. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que el uso del combustible etanol mejora el comportamiento referente al factor de emisión de CO y HC, pero no en relación a los NOx. Se concluye que existe diferencia significativa en el factor de emisión CO tanto para los vehículos como entre el uso de los combustibles, mientras que los HC y NOx no existe diferencia significativa en el uso del combustible, pero si entre los vehículos.
Uso de una aplicación social como complemento a la enseñanza del francés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Ramos Alicia Marie
Published: June 2018

Este estudio de caso presenta la experimentación de una aplicación social WhatsApp en la enseñanza del idioma francés a un grupo de estudiantes ecuatorianos de la Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC) en Ecuador. A través del análisis de una secuencia pedagógica que propone cursos en presencial y tareas a distancia con la aplicación, se trató mostrar las ventajas y los límites de aquella herramienta para la adquisición de las competencias comunicativas.
Análisis de la presencia de islas de calor en el Cantón Rumiñahui mediante el tratamiento de imágenes Landsat 7 ETM+
Authors: Jami Aymacaña Jenny Lisseth , Mora Paspuezán María Belén , Padilla Almeida Oswaldo , Kirby Powney Eduardo Patricio
Published: June 2018

Se considera que en los últimos años la temperatura superficial ha aumentado, este fenómeno puede deberse al cambio de uso de suelo, crecimiento de zonas urbanas y densidad poblacional dando lugar a fenómenos térmicos tales como las islas de calor.  Mediante el uso de sensores remotos con banda térmica, es posible determinar las variaciones de temperatura superficial, su extensión e intensidad. El cantón Rumiñahui se encuentra ubicado en Ecuador, en la provincia de Pichincha, en el valle de Los Chillos, donde los asentamientos en las zonas urbanas ha ido en aumento en los últimos años, es por ello que se hace necesario el análisis de temperatura superficial además de su relación con otros factores tales como vegetación, agua y construcciones para determinar si estos son incidentes en la variación de la misma.  Para ello se utilizaron dos imágenes Landsat 7 ETM+ la primera correspondiente al año 2001 y la segunda al año 2016 a partir de las cuales se determinó temperatura superficial e índices tales como NDVI (Índice Diferencial Normalizado de Vegetación), NDWI (Índice Diferencial Normalizado de Agua), NDBI (Índice Diferencial Normalizado de Construcciones) para establecer si existe una relación entre ellos mediante un análisis de correlación de variables obteniéndose que estos factores presentan una fuerte correlación con valores que varían entre 0,6 a 0,9. Finalmente, se determinó que las zonas con mayor temperatura se encuentran en el centro de la ciudad de Sangolquí y San Rafael.