bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The SWOT-TOWS analysis as a tool for quality management for an enterprise with PKD 85.59b – extracurricular forms of education
Authors:   Jan Dlugosz University in Częstochowa, Faculty of Law and Economics, Kowalik Kamila , Bagińska Izabela ,   Jan Dlugosz University in Częstochowa, Faculty of Law and Economics
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The aim of the article is to present the practical application of the SWOT-TOWS analysis in assessing the prospects of starting a business in the field of extracurricular forms of education. Design/methodology/approach: The research includes the identification of factors of the internal and external environment for a company operating on the market for a year in the field of extracurricular forms of education in accordance with the classification of the selected research method and based on observation, calculation of standard and additional links and, based on the resulting strategy, making decisions on quality management. Findings: The analysis of the links between the factors of the internal and external environment indicated that in the case of an enterprise in the education industry, a competitive strategy should be adopted in terms of quality management, which means currently favorable external conditions for this type of activity, the use of which will enable the reduction of weaknesses. The focus should be on a high level of quality at the core of the service - in the learning process. Research limitations/implications: The presented research results may be the basis for further research in the field of quality management in enterprises from the analyzed sector. Practical implications: The presented analysis can be successfully used by entrepreneurs conducting a similar type of business activity and by people analyzing the education market both in terms of business and science. Originality/value: Simultaneous use of the SWOT-TOWS analysis with other analytical tools may allow for effective market analysis by economists and may facilitate quality management for business practitioners. Keywords: market analysis, SWOT-TOWS analysis, quality management. Category of the paper: research paper, case study.
Toward green social enterprises: identifying key areas of greening and future research directions
Authors:   University of Lodz, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Kozar Łukasz Jarosław
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The main aim of the article is to identify key areas of greening social enterprises. An additional aim is to identify future research directions related to green social enterprises. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the stated research aims, a review of the scientific literature collected in the Scopus database was conducted. 433 scientific articles from the period 2000-2022 were analyzed. The methods adopted were a structured literature review (with the original author's Q1 query) and a classic literature review (based on previously defined green areas). Findings: The ongoing transformation of the current economy (the brown economy) to a green economy presents both opportunities and challenges for social enterprises. Social entrepreneurs must realize that to survive in the changing economic reality, social enterprises must embark on a green growth path. This, in turn, raises the organizational and financial dilemma of how to simultaneously pursue the assumed social goals and make the necessary green changes in an uninterrupted manner. The analysis carried out has shown that the implementation of the idea of sustainable development based on green changes at various levels of the functioning of social enterprises can contribute to their gradual greening. Research limitations/implications: The considerations presented here were limited to the results obtained based on the analysis of the Scopus database. The results of the scientific analyses undertaken may provide guidance to researchers for further in-depth research on the issue of the greening of social enterprises. Practical implications: The greening of social enterprises can be based on the greening of various areas related to the operation of such entities. This process, however, in social enterprises should not take place at the expense of the social services provided. Originality/value: The article is a critical review of the literature. It identifies key areas of greening social enterprises. Future research directions in the field of green social enterprises are also outlined. The article is addressed to all those interested in the issues of social enterprises. The information contained in it can serve researchers in taking up the direction of research around the issue of green social enterprises. Keywords: green economy, green labor market, green social enterprise, green transformation, sustainable development. Category of the paper: Literature review.
Experts’ perceptions of the organisation’s stakeholders – semantic field analysis
Authors:   Krakow University of Economics, Manczak Iryna , Dąbrowska Justyna ,   Krakow University of Economics, Moroz Volodymyr ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify experts’ perception of stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach: The research methodology involved conducting focus group interviews in a remote format. The obtained material was transcribed and interpreted through the prism of semantic field analysis. Findings: The approach used made it possible to depict perceptions of stakeholders among the research participants. Research limitations/implications: The article contains a preliminary study. In the future it is planned to conduct additional quantitative and qualitative research also at international level. Practical implications: The conclusions proposed as an outcome of this research can have an impact on the formulation of a strategy aiming at managing relations with the organisation's stakeholders. Social implications: The article demonstrates the opinions of experts representing a variety of organisations and sectors. Originality/value: For the purpose of the research, a purpose-built methodology was developed to obtain the answers to the research questions. On-line interviews were conducted in line with the authors’ research design. Keywords: stakeholder theory, qualitative research, semantic field analysis, expert interviews, co-management Category of the paper: The article presents the results of the authors’ own research.
Experience branding in theory and practice. Case study
Authors:   AGH University in Krakow, Tarczydło Beata , Miłoń Joanna ,   Cavalry Captain Witold Pilecki State University of Małopolska in Oświęcim, Klimczak Jerzy ,   Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego, Zarząd Główny w Warszawie
Published: November 2023

Purpose: Presenting the essence of modern experience branding (as a result of the available studies and original research), giving an example of marketing tools, methods, and procedures used for Milka experience branding, and to develop recommendations for the interested marketers. Design/methodology/approach: analysis of secondary sources of information, case study of a selected global brand from the food sector for which broad marketing activities creating its market capital are carried out with prosumer engagement, and participant observation of their selected projects combined with result analysis. Findings: Marketing ways of impacting (under the analysed brand) stakeholder experiences, taking into consideration contemporary trends and market conditions through the available communication channels and its social media profiles. Research limitations/implications: The paper was based on literature studies and a case study of a global brand from the food sector. The research problem addressed should be analysed based on a larger number of brands. Moreover, in the next project, opinion surveys among representatives of the brand community of the analysed brand and its key stakeholders are planned for the purpose of personalisation of the brand-related experiences. Practical implications: Implementation – with customer engagement – of diverse branded marketing activities, such as: raising awareness of the importance of sustainable activities in all the processes of the brand owner, selection of the right components for the brand’s products, educating about a healthy diet, providing opportunities for entertainment, education, and fun, engaging the interested parties and personification of activities, adjusting activities to the conditions, and building a real and virtual community. Social implications: Research shows that branding activities/actions/campaigns do impact customer behaviours, their experiences, attitudes, engagement, changes in the ways of buying and using the brand’s products, marketer practices, and – consequently – the entire society and natural environment. They also lead to the promotion – under the brand and with the engagement of its stakeholders – of a sustainable approach to resource management and undertaking projects in line with the 2030 Agenda and recommendations of the ESG directive. Originality/value: It is the first study of this type (at least in the Polish market) regarding the impact of methodical branding activities on the experiences of the brand’s key stakeholders and the resulting practical implications (social, economic, environmental, and managerial). Keywords: experience branding, sustainable practices, brand projects and campaigns, marketing ways of creating brand-related experiences, case study. Category of the paper: research paper.
Safety culture in global research: a systematic literature review
Authors:   Silesian University of Technology, Bartnicka Joanna , Kabiesz Patrycja ,   Silesian University of Technology, Jamil Tayyaba ,   Silesian University of Technology
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The article presents the results of research related to the development of safety culture (SC) around the world. In particular, attention was focused on the search for trends that set the direction of SC development. Research gaps were identified as the basis for addressing new cognitive challenges, particularly in the area of SC modeling in manufacturing companies, to improve workplace health and worker productivity. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review (SLR) of a total of 22,199 scientific articles on SC culture available in three databases was adopted as the research method: Elsevier Science Direct, Springer Link, and Wiley Online Library, published between 2013 and 2023 based on defined keywords. Originality/value: A new research task has been formulated, the implementation of which would be an important addition to the existing body of work on the formation of safe working conditions based on a human-centered approach. Keywords: safety culture, Systematic Review, safety culture implementation, safety culture model. Category of the paper: Literature review.
Organizational culture conducive to the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the enterprise
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Faculty of Economics, Lublin, Poland, Chmielewska-Muciek Dorota , Zinczuk Bartłomiej ,   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Faculty of Economics, Lublin, Poland
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The paper aims to identify a model of organizational culture conducive to implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the enterprise. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the analysis and synthesis of domestic and foreign literature review. Findings: The model of organizational culture conducive to the implementation of CSR in the enterprise is created by the following cultural values: focus on people, focus on tasks, orientation to the environment, activity, low uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, low communication context, low power distance, status based on achievements. Research limitations/implications: Increasing the awareness of academics, students of economic studies and management practitioners on the essence and importance of cultural values that are components of the organizational culture model conducive to the implementation of CSR activities. Indications regarding the components of the organizational culture model are specific and further research should be conducted in this area. Practical implications: The article provides new knowledge about the conditions determining the shape and structure of the organizational culture model conducive to the implementation of corporate social responsibility. The article may help enterprises to better use the potential of organizational culture as a tool supporting socially responsible activities. Originality/value: The article extends knowledge in the field of constructing a model of organizational culture conducive to the implementation of CSR activities in the enterprise. Keywords: organizational culture, cultural values, CSR, social responsibility, enterprise. Category of the paper: General review.
Monetary policy on launching new production facilities in Russia: Opportunities in the semiconductor market
Authors: Balatsky Evgeny , Ekimova Nataly
Published: November 2023

The paper discusses the capabilities of the Russian monetary system for massive lending to new industries that are of strategic importance to the country and contribute to its technological sovereignty. The key provisions of monetary theory and the concept of multiplier constitute the theoretical basis of the study. Modelling transient processes was used as the main research method. Empirical evidence is official data from the Bank of Russia and the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), as well as industry reports on the global semiconductor market. The authors propose their own model of the transition process, which allows assessing the possible inflation rate and economic growth generated by massive credit investments. Testing the model in the microelectronics industry showed that assumptions about the Bank of Russia possibly losing its control over inflation due to a large-scale lending are unfounded. Even during the first two years, when the construction of a new enterprise is underway and there is an obvious imbalance between the product and money supply, the additional inflation rate caused by this initiative does not exceed 0.5 % per year. We conclude that the regulator has enough reserves to open credit lines for establishing new high-tech enterprises simultaneously in several industries. The proposed model can be used to optimize the public administration system when designing the country’s technological development strategy focused on domestic import substitution.
Anthropogenic Impacts in the Yesil River Basin
Authors:   Institute of Geography and Water Safety, Kabanbai batyr / Pushkin st., 67/99, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan, Makhmudova Lyazzat , Mussina Ainur ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan, Ospanova Marzhan ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan, Zharylkassyn A. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, al-Farabi Ave., 71, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan, Kanatuly Adilet ,   Institute of Geography and Water Safety, Kabanbai batyr / Pushkin st., 67/99, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2023

The research aimed to assess the impact of human economic activities on the Yesil River Basin based on the observational data contained in Kazhydromet’s (Republic State Enterprise, RSE) hydrometeorological periodicals of 1933-2019. The additional analysis of numerous sources – statistics digests, online data of the Bureau of National Statistics under the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK), monographs and scientific papers also allowed to reliably evaluate the overall water consumption in the country. The analysis of the available materials permitted identifying the indicators of irretrievable water consumption (IWC) by sectors of the national economy, including utilities, industry, and agriculture (irrigation). As the result, in terms of water use the IWC in the target watershed turned out to range between 3-29% of the total irretrievable water consumption (TIWC), with the corresponding highest value registered in 2007. It was also established that large reservoirs – Astaninskoye (Vyacheslavskoye) and Sergeyevskoye – have been exerting a regulating pressure on the long-term flow of the rivers comprising the basin. The review of the data obtained likewise indicates that, compared to the conditionally natural phase, their runoff reduction during the disturbed phase is caused not only by reservoir related but also agrotechnical and climate change impacts. The study findings can serve water management purposes, aid the design of hydraulic facilities, as well as expand regional theoretical and applied hydrological research.
PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGANAN BALITA STUNTING MELALUI PEMAHAMAN SERTA IMPLEMENTASI BUKU KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK (KIA) OLEH IBU BALITA DAN KADER DI DESA BANARAN, KABUPATEN NGANJUK, JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Irwanto Irwanto , Prasetyo Risky Vitria , Anomsari Hanna Dyahferi , Sanjaya Ayling , Rafsanjani Egi Azhar , Rahmah Firyal Nadiah
Published: November 2023

Stunting masih menjadi masalah di seluruh dunia, khususnya Indonesia dimana prevalensi stunting pada tahun 2020 sebesar 26,92%. Dampak jangka pendek dari stunting adalah peningkatan risiko kesakitan dan kematian akibat penyakit menular, sedangkan dampak jangka panjang dari stunting dapat menyebabkan obesitas, gangguan fungsi kognitif, dan produktivitas kerja. Salah satu upaya pencegahan stunting adalah pemanfaatan Buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) oleh ibu hamil dan anak usia dibawah 5 tahun yang belum dilaksanakan dengan baik. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengisian buku KIA dan mengedukasi masyarakat akan pentingnya pemantauan stunting pada bayi dan anak. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini meliputi ceramah dalam bentuk presentasi, diskusi, dan pendekatan pelatihan. Pre-test dan post-test dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan ini. Sebanyak 80 peserta mengikuti kegiatan ini, diantaranya Camat Kertosono, Kepala Desa Banaran, Kepala Puskesmas Kertosono beserta jajarannya, kader kesehatan, serta ibu yang mempunyai anak stunting, terdiri dari 37 orang warga Banaran. kader kesehatan dan ibu yang mempunyai balita stunting (72% dari total anak stunting di Banaran). Ditemukan adanya peningkatan kemampuan peserta dalam mengisi Buku KIA; sebelum kegiatan, rata-rata skor pre-test adalah 77,03 ± 16,64 dan skor post-test adalah 88,65 ± 12,508. Pelatihan pemahaman cara pengisian Buku KIA untuk mencegah stunting sangat efektif.
Future-Oriented Education: The Contribution of Educational Philosophy in Facing Global Challenges
Authors: Muliadi Erlan , Nasri Ulyan
Published: November 2023

Pendidikan berperan sebagai pilar utama dalam membentuk masa depan individu dan masyarakat, terutama dalam konteks globalisasi dan perubahan yang cepat. Tinjauan literatur ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kontribusi filsafat pendidikan dalam mengatasi tantangan global. Melalui analisis literatur filsafat pendidikan, penelitian ini berusaha mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai dan prinsip-prinsip esensial yang mendukung pendidikan dalam menghadapi perubahan global. Temuan utama mengungkapkan bahwa filsafat pendidikan memberikan dasar moral yang kuat, berfokus pada pengembangan karakter, dan mendorong pemikiran kritis serta kreativitas dalam pembelajaran. Selain itu, filsafat pendidikan menekankan hak asasi manusia, pluralisme, dan kesetaraan, yang sangat penting dalam mengatasi isu-isu global seperti konflik, ketidaksetaraan, dan masalah lingkungan. Penelitian ini juga menegaskan pentingnya mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai filosofis ke dalam kurikulum dan praktik pengajaran untuk mencapai pendidikan berorientasi masa depan. Oleh karena itu, filsafat pendidikan bukan hanya bersifat teoretis tetapi merupakan landasan penting yang membimbing transformasi pendidikan di tengah kompleksitas dunia kontemporer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kontribusi signifikan filsafat pendidikan dalam mempersiapkan peserta didik untuk masa depan yang lebih baik. Pengembangan sistem pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai filosofis berpotensi menjadi tonggak penting dalam menghadapi tantangan global dan menciptakan generasi yang cerdas, etis, dan adaptif di tengah perubahan dunia.
SOME USEFUL PLANTS FOR GREEN MANURE PURPOSES
Authors:   Government Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3, S.N CHANDRASEKHARA AYYAR , C RAJASEKHARA MUDALIAR ,   Assitant Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3
Published: November 2023

Associated with the urgent need for increasing our food production, is also the need for exploring new sources of green leaf manures for appling to paddy fields. The problem is easily solved in districts where rank vegetation or forests are within an easy reach of paddy fields, but the chief paddy- growing regions like the deltaic areas of Godavari and Tanjore do not have, as a rule, any forest lands in the vicinity of paddy fields. For such areas, a quick growing large leaved inedible shrub that can also stand heavy pruning would be a very great boon.
PLANT RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Government Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3, S.N CHANDRASEKHARA IYER , S.V PARTHASARATHY ,   Assitant in Botany,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003, SUNDERRAJ DANIEL ,   Assitant in Botany,Agricultural College and Reserch Institute,  Coimbatore  641 003
Published: November 2023

In post-war planning it is important to tap all the possible plant resources of the country. Many of the agricultural departments are mainly concerned with the breeding of improved strains of crops of major importance. For some time the plant breeders wore concerned with the cultivated plants only in their breeding programmes but later, some of the wild allies came in as parents in hybridisation. The importance of wild plants in such breeding programmes was more than emphasised by the survey of plant resources of the world by Vavilov. His work is by no means complete and India is yet an unexplored region. The survey has two main objects: (1) to investigate the possibilities of directly bringing the plant under cultivation and utilising the economic product it yields. (2) to use it as a parent in hybridisation programmes so as to transfer one or more of its valuable characters to its cultivated ally. Valuable progress has been made in Russia in both these directions.
Hybridisation in Sweet Potatoes
Authors:   Agricultural College Bapatla, S SAMPATH , K.K BHANUMURTY ,   Agricultural College Bapatla
Published: November 2023

The sweet potato (Ipomea batatas. Lam) is a quick growing high yielding crop grown in a small scale througout the Presidency. Though not an important cash crop, as a combined vegetable and food crop, it is an important supplement to the food supply of the Province. Because of its merits it is grown in all the tropical and extra-tropical regions of the world. The cultivation and technology of the crop are very advanced in other countries e. g. Java, Philippines, Southern United States and West Indies. It has not been intensively studied and its cultivation developed in India, probably due to its low economic status, but is now attracting considerable attention owing to the present food crisis.
More Money from Vegetables on Drylands
Authors:   Lecturer in Agriculture Economics, Agricultural College of Bapatla, S.V DURAISWAMI
Published: November 2023

Vegetable cultivation is common in the neighbourhood of cities and towns under lift irrigation and this may be termed as commercial farming on intensive lines. The possibility of growing vegetables on a remunerative basis under dry farming conditions either on commercial or intensive lines, has not been thought of previously. Therefore it is of great interest to know that in Guntur Taluk there is a tract comprising four or five villages which grows vegetables of the common types on a field scale under entirely dry conditions. This tract is about 5 to 7 miles equidistant from the towns of Guntur and Tenali and the total area under vegetables grown in this manner is said to be nearly 2,000 acres. It is evidently a fruitful combination of climate (rainfall), soil and market that has been responsible for this new and interesting system of farming.
The Present Food Crisis and its Solution:
Authors:   Headquaters Deputy Directore of Agriculture.Madras, M KANTI RAJ
Published: November 2023

The few suggestions, I will be placing before this conference for consideration relate purely to personal views. I feel that too many suggestions have been offered on the subject by the public with the result 'that from these medley of suggestions, the State is not in a position to make out which of them are really feasible and practicable. I, therefore propose to deal only with such of the suggestions which, I feel, are feasible and have some prospects of success if taken up seriously.
The Place of Minor Elements in Growing Food Crops with Special Reference to Rice
Authors:   Plant PHysiologist, Agricultural Research Institute, Coimbatore- 641 003., T.R NARAYANAN
Published: November 2023

With more refined methods of chemical analysis and experimentation, a larger number of elements has been found in recent years to be essential for the healthy growth of plants than was previously supposed. Attention has also been focussed on the infertility of soils due to deficiencies of the so-called minor or trace elements. Plants in general need about a dozen elements for proper growth. These may be grouped into (a) the primary major elements consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; (b) the secondary major elements like calcium, magnesium and sulphur; and (c) minor elements consisting of iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper and molybdenum. This last group is needed only in very low concentrations, varying from half to 400 parts per million of the nutrient solution. The terms major and minor are not to be taken as referring to the relative value of these elements to plants, since all are essential, but only as indicating the relative quantities needed by the plant. It would seem preferable to use the term "trace elements" in place of the term minor elements, as less liable to cause confusion.
A Note on J.75 (Fodder Sorghum) of the Agricultural Research Station, Guntur.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, B.L Narasimhamurthy
Published: November 2023

Ongole in Guntur District is the centre of the Ongole breed of cattle. The breeding tract of this type extends to the dry Taluks of Ongole, Bapatla, Narasaraopeta, Guntur and Vinukonda of the Guntur District and Darsi and Kandukur of Nellore District.. The soils in these taluks are mostly heavy black soils, where sorghum grows well, yielding a good cattle feed. The hardiness and strong bony structure found in the Ongole breed is said to be due to sorghum fodder-and abundant lime in the soils of Guntur. Ryots of this tract take much care in cattle-breeding and a fourth of their holding is usually left as pasture for cattle grazing, In addition to putting a good proportion of the cultivated area under fodder crops. With the increase in population, conditions have changed at present, and the grazing areas have been brought under the plough and converted into cultivated lands; thus the private grazing areas are reduced. In the case of cultivated lands, in spite of giving a prominent place to commercial crops like tobacco, chillies etc., ryots do take oven now great care of their cattle and grow enough fodder crops for maintaining them in good condition. Of the total area of 4,21,090 acres under fodder crops normally grown in the province, 1,81,600 acres (or 43% of the total area) are in the Guntur and Kistna Districts.
Note on Trials on Jonna (Jowar) Seed Varieties
Authors:   Bhavani Farm Thumadu, Kandukur Taluk, Nellore, K SANKARAIAH
Published: November 2023

In my attempts to select the best strains of seeds in respect of crops I grow, Jorina was given prominence as the crop is the main food crop of drylands both for men and cattle. Here, for grain and fodder it is a pairu crop (Rabi) sown in November and a green fodder crop in Mudura (Kharif) season sown in July or August soon after the South-west monsoon breaks. In this tract the yellow-grained variety is very popular and the white-grained variety is only rarely grown. I feel the need of publishing my field records in support of my conclusions. Trial plots were taken up from a big block so that landslope, level of fertility and cultural operations might not vary. Soils of medium fertility were selected and the seed rate was the same for all strains. Observations and results were recorded without favour or prejudice.
The Role of Millets in Increasing the Food Production in Madras.
Authors:   Millets Specialist,Coimbatore, P KRISHNA RAO
Published: November 2023

Millets are a group of small grained cereals which are found to thrive in areas of low rainfall. They are food crops which are complementary to paddy and between paddy and millets, the people and the cattle of this province are fed. There are eight individual crops under the collective name of millets in Madras. They are, Cholam, Cumbu, Ragi and Tenai which are the more important millets and there are four more millets which are of lesser importance, that is Varagu, Samai, Panivaragu and Kuthiravali.
STORAGE EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES
Authors:   Principal Agricultural College Coimbatore, P Rao Bahadur VENKATARAMAYYA
Published: November 2023

The sweet potato has long been known in this Presidency as a useful tuber orop. The tubers are consumed in a variety of ways. The crop has come into prominence at the present time as an alternative foodcrop due to the shortage of cereals. Early this year (1946) the Government ordered that its culture and use be encouraged and popularised to provide people with a carbohydrate-rich food supplement. While information is available on the methods of propagation and cultivation of the sweet potato crop, no information is available as to the best methods of storage and the keeping quality of the tubers on storage.
EXPERIENCES OF AN EDUCATIONAL OFFICER IN FRUIT FARMING
Authors:   Yeshwantram Fram Nileshwar South Kanara, R.M SAVUR
Published: November 2023

(Sri. R. M. Savur on his retirement from the Indian Educational Service about six years ago, took to commercial fruit growing. He chose for his venture a sandy soil belt on the west coast where fruits had never been grown commercially before. Although the department cannot agree with his views on the excellence of the site chosen by him, his success in the fruit-growing field is indeed a tribute to his intelligent and all-absorbing interest. He has selected most of the varieties for his orchards in consultation with the fruit section of the department. His experiences are sure to be read with great interest by the readers as they show the great success an interested and educated person can achieve in the fruit farming line in spite of some natural handicaps such as adverse soil and climatic conditions
THE CONTROL OF THE CHIEF DISEASES OF RICE AS A MEANS OF INCREASING PRODUCTION
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K.M THOMAS , C.S KRISHNASWAMY ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Though no organised survey of the diseases of the rice crop has been made on an All-India basis, and an estimate of the losses caused in the country computed with any degree of accuracy, it may be safely asserted from the experience gained in the Madras province during the last two decades, that India loses annually nearly a tenth of her potential produce from the ravages of fungus diseases. The number of diseases recorded in India are many. Some occur in a chronic form causing what would appear to be negligible losses from the individual cultivator's point of view, but which considered in the aggregate are responsible for the loss of several thousand tons of rice per year. Remedial measures for such diseases are either unknown or uneconomic. Other diseases not so negligible from the individual cultivator's point of view fall in a different category. These break out periodically in an epiphytotic form. The epidemic spreads with great rapidity from field to field over extensive areas involving several thousands of acres often causing losses ranging upto 80 per cent of the crop. It is the control of this category of diseases that holds out promise of a substantial increase in the production of rice within the country. An attempt is made in this paper to recount the salient features of the study of two major diseases of the rice crop and to outline proposals for preventing such extensive losses as are incurred by individual cultivators.
A Very Promising Drought Resistant Fodder Grass for South India.
Authors:   Government Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3, S.N Sri CHANDRASEKARAN , D Mr. DANIEL SUNDARARAJ ,   Assitant Government Lecturing, Systematic Botanist Coimbatore 3
Published: November 2023

The problem of producing good fodder grasses and improving the pastures has been engaging the attention of many in the development of Indian Agriculture & Livestock. Good pastures not only provide an excellent feed, but they reduce the labour and expense in- volved in Livestock production and maintenance by supplying the essential nutrients for body development. Improved pastures and improved live- stock always go hand in hand. In South India there are over a dozen good perennial pasture grasses of which only a few form the staple fodder for the South Indian breeds of cattle. The bulk of our cattle which are in the villages depend on the poor local natural pastures or grazing grounds which consist chiefly of annual gresses which spring up with the rains of the monsoons and die after seeding from October to January. There are no regular pastures as in the western countries where they are systematically grazed.
A Study of the Cultivation of Pan at Chhuikhadan
Authors:   Group Agricultural Officer, Kawardha State, B.L CHOUDHARI
Published: November 2023

Of all the places growing pan in Chhattisgarh division of C. P. & Berar, Chhuikhadan, a State of the ES A., is of the first importance not only for the largest area under pan at one place, but also in having the best types of pan barejas. The pan barhies of this place are found to be the healthiest and the heaviest yielders The yearly export of pan from this place is to the value of about twenty-five to thirty thousand rupees. The business of pan has thus attained a paramount importance in this State. Like all other places here too, the cultivation has been specialised by one community called the baral. This article is mostly an out-come of the author coming in contact with the growers and also visiting the barajas from time to time when different operations were in progress.
Review of Experiments done on Cultivation at the Agricultural Research Stations in the Madras Presidency.
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, H SHIVA RAU , A SUBBA RAO ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Cultivanon is me man widely practised agricultural art; but its effect on crop yields is not yet fully understood. In a series of articles appear- ing in the Journal of Agricultural Science, B.A. Keen, E. W. Russell and others have discussed the effect of cultivation on increasing crop yields. They have drawn the important conclusion, in this series of papers, that "the yield of field crops is, in general, either unaffected or actually reduced by extra cultivation operations". They draw a distinction between cultiva- tion operations which are absolutely necessary, such as preparing a seed bed and those that are considered desirable but are not absolutely essen. tial. The latter are spare time operations carried on by the cultivator.
Contour Embankments in Dry Lands.
Authors:   Dry Farming Development Officer, Bellary, P KRISHNA RAO , P SESHADRI SARMA ,   Dry Farming Development Officer, Bellary, A.V PARTHASARATHY ,   Dry Farming Development Officer, Bellary
Published: November 2023

Dry lands situated in low rainfall areas, can be permanently improved by providing contour embankments During rains a good deal of the water runs off the land carrying with it large quantities of silt. Much of this water if impounded on the land, will increase the moisture content of the soil, especially in low rainfall areas where it is badly wanted and result in the production of larger yields of crops. In addition to this, if the water is held the soil also is not removed. When the soil is retained, it stops deterioration by erosion. Much care is taken by the cultivators of wet lands and garden lands to level and terrace the lands for irrigation. If levelling is done, the maxi mum benefits of rainfall and the least losses from soil erosion occur. Gene- rally speaking such areas are not extensive as compared to the dry lands. The population in the area is large, the area of each holding is small and the economic position of the cultivators is much more favourable when compared to the dry land cultivators. Terracing the extensive dry lands is out of question owing to the magnitude of the work. It is unremunerative when applied to dry lands where the value of crop yields is low.
Economy of Feeding Home Grown Berseem to Cattle
Authors:   Research Officer, Proctical Cottle Feeding Research Scheme, Jhansi, N.C DAS GUPTA
Published: November 2023

Form animals require food for growth, production of milk and performance of mechanical work over and above the amount required for the upkeep of the body. Nearly one half of the feed consumed by an animal is required for main- tenence. Insufficient supply of feed naturally results either in a falling off in the production or in the conversion of body substances into products. Hence, it is hardly possible to improve the cattle only by breeding when they are not properly fed. Requirements of cattle Food is necessary to supply energy, protein, minerals and vitamins Fnergy or fuel is required to maintain body temperature and to support the vital activities of the various organs; protein to repair and build up body tissues or to supply the protein of milk, minerals to form bone, maintain the mineral matter of the body or to supply the requirements of milk. Vitamins are necessary for the efficient functioning of the cells and organs of the body.
Babul Planting in Tank Beds
Authors:   Agricultural Demonstrator Wandiwash, E.K VISWAM
Published: November 2023

Timber for agricultural purposes and fuel are in short supply and are gelling scarce, while the demand for them is on the increase, conséquently the price of timber and fuel is tending to sosr high and in some cases beyond the capacity of the poorer people. Transport is at present restricted, no doubt, but that alone is not the only factor.contributing to the scarcity. Wood is being used at a faster rate than the forests and the village sites can cope with. It is therefore necessary to think of methods of increasing the supply of wood immediately. The obvious remedy is planting trees. The trees selected should preferably be capable of growing, without much of attention and cultivation, in lands that could not be cultivated economic- ally. It is suggested that Babul (Acacia arabica) would answer the purpose and be ideal.
A study on the maturity of grain in Sorghum
Authors:   Assitant in Millets ,Agricultural Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, B.W.X PONNAIYA
Published: November 2023

The importance of sorghum as a major food and fodder crop of India demands it efficient management. In this crop, as in many other cereals the date of flowering is much more definite than ripening. It is desirable to know when exactly the crop becomes fit for harvest, steering clear of immature grains and poor germination on the one hand and loss of grain by leaving the crop too long in the field, on the other. If the date of maturity could be fixed definitely as so many days after flowering the crop could be harvested earlier and the straw would also be secured in a greener and more palatable state. Being an exposed grain, sorghum gets discoloured if any rain is received after the dough stage. This reduces its market value: Moreover, if heavy rains are received at the time the grains are in the 'wax' stage, they are liable to germinate in situ, which means a loss in the yield also. Thus a knowledge of the exact date of maturity would help to prevent an unnecesrary delay in harvest. This paper presents the results of a preliminary study on the ripening of sorghum grain.
Soil Erosion and Conservation of Moisture in Un-Irrigated Black Soils
Authors:   Soil Physicist Dry Farming Station, Bellary, A SUBBA RAO
Published: November 2023

Soil Erosion is a subject that is receiving world-wide attention today. Although erosion has been going on for centuries, it is recognised that it has begun to assume sericus proportions in recent years. America may be said to be the foremost country in the collection and dissemination of knowledge concerning this problem. Through a chain of experimental stations which deal exclusively with the problem of soil erosion in all its varied aspects, a large mass of data is collected and the results made avail- able to the farmers through a series of scientific articles, pamphlets and other publications; wide publicity is given to such results. Farmers are encouraged to form soil conservation districts, which on co-operative lines practise the various control measures advocated by the officers of the Soil Conservation Service, under their expert guidance and advice. The Soil Conservation Service deals comprehensively with the problem of erosion from the agricultural, forestry, engineering and other points of view. The quantity of soil washed down the great river systems of America annually is computed in millions of tons of soil. Some of the erosion surveys of the United States as a whole showed that 35 millions of acres have already been destroyed; out of the 350 millions of acres under cultivation, 125 millions have lost most of their surface soil and 100 millions are eroding seriously. It is stated that at the present rate of soil and water depletion the fertile soil in America will be reduced in another 50 years to a fourth of what it is now. These are some of the results of the erosion surveys of the United States.
A New Millet-Brachiaria ramosa Stapf
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, K CHERIAN JACOB
Published: November 2023

Some common grasses found in the Madras Province enumerated below are recorded to be under cultivation in parts of Northern India for grain which is used as human food. The more important among these are: (1) Echinochloa colona Link. (Panicum colonum Linn.), Kan: Godde votapagante hullu; Tel: Otha yaddi, Kaproda gaddi; Tam: Karum pul, Varsanum pullu It is cultivated in the Montgomery district of the Funjab and the grain is made into a paste, called 'bot', and eaten with milk. (2) Echinochloa crus-galli Beauv (Panicum Crus-galli L.), Kan: Kadu dabhai hullu; Tel: Pedda wundu; Tam: Oothu pul. It is cultivated in parts of the Lahore district for its grain which is made into Khir and eaten. (3) Urochloa reptans Stapf (Panicum prostratum Lamk), Kan: Kovadaga hullu; Tam: Shani pullu, Muzinkam pul. The grain is collected and used as food in times of scarcity (4) Paspalidium flavidum A. Camus. (Ponicum flavidum Retz.), Tel: Uda galdi: Tam: Arisi pul. It is regularly grown in certain districts of the Bombay Province The grain will keep many years without being attacked by insects. (5) Setaria pallidefusca Stapf et Hubb. (Setaria glauca Beauv.), Eng: Pigeon or Bottle grass; Kan: Korane hullu; Tel: Nakka korra, Nariga, Koranike; Tam: Korali. It is cultivated in some parts of the Nilgiris. In parts of the Central Provinces and Chota Nagpur the grain of the wild plant is collected, while in parts of the Bombay Province the grain of the cultivated variety is used as food.
Economic Entomologists and Scientific Names of Insects
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, T. V. R Dr. Ayyar
Published: November 2023

It is not uncommon nowadays to find workers in the economic aspects of zoology, especially Economic Entomologists, finding themselves in very awkward situations when they attempt to call by scientific names some of those organisms with which they have to deal. While the field entomologist is quite sure of the identity and the various features and idiosyncrasies of the beetle, bug, grasshopper or moth he has been dealing with, perhaps for many years, the scientific apellations of those insects get frequently changed at the hands of our systematists. It has of course to be admitted that every one dealing with an insect, or for the matter of that, any organism, has necessarily to know the which particular creature it is that he is dealing with and its correct identity; but having assured himself of the latter by continuous touch with it for years, it becomes rather funny, if not annoying, to find that the name once given to a creature is in some cases frequently changed. Fernald was quite right when he said that "the work of dealing with the constantly changing scientific names is indeed a difficult problem". Most of us know that the names of some of our common insects have been changing from time to time from one to another and in some cases revert- ing to the same old name which were rejected some time back! Numerous examples could be pointed out of such nomenclatural acrobatics connected with insects. It is felt rather funny when we find the name of our old friend, the common fruit fly-'Dacus', changed to 'Chaetodacus' and then again to find that in course of time he is 'Dacus' again.
A New Variety of Dolichos Lablab and Its Economic Value
Authors:   Assitant in Millets Section,Agricultural Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, K KUNHIKRISHNAN NAMBIAR
Published: November 2023

There are two varieties of Dolichos lablab, one the climbing variety commonly grown in the kitchen garden for its tender pods, and the other the field variety cultivated on the dry lands, as a mixture with millets and whose seeds only serve as a pulse food for man. The former is known as Avarai (Tamil) or Chikkudu (Telugu) and the latter as Mochai or Anumulu. These are similar to the "snap" and "shell" varieties in the pea (Pisum sativum) and in the French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Between the two varieties of lablab many marked differences exist, morphological as well as physiological, but those that concern the cultivators.
Importance of Plant Protection in Crop Production
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, T.V RAMAKRISHNA AYYAR
Published: November 2023

The slogan 'Grow more food crops has now-a-days become so very Infectious that at present we hear it from all corners and even from quarters where talk about such subjects connected with the boorish farmer of the uncivilised rural areas is generally considered outlandish and tabooed in high and refined social circles. It is, however, encouraging to note that persons in all walks of life are now beginning to realise the grim fact that the half-naked and ill fel farmer toiling in the out of the way fields and forests is the individual who has to satisfy the vital needs of every human being, be he a prince or peasant. In this particular aspect anyway, the present unfortunate world conditions have contributed to remind us all that it is on the foundation of agriculture that all human activities and thoughts depend in the last resort. The war and the events which have followed have demonstrated with great force the absolute dependence of all phases of industrial life upon the single industry agriculture, which, with its associated activities, forms the one primal, all-essential requisite in the successful prosecution of any enterprise whether war or peace. In the words of Prof. Maskew "the most important, the most vital thing in all the world is to get something to eat; if all of us here present, or mankind in general, were positively unable to obtain anything to eat for the space of one week, the affairs of this world, commercial or otherwise, would soon pecome of no more consequence than duckweed upon the surface of a pond. Without something to eat there would be no coal mined, no steel forged, no freight cars rolling.