bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of speech activity of primary school students in foreign language teaching through technology integration
Authors: Zhanar Abilgaziyeva , Asset Turkmenbayev , Elmira Abdykerimova , Gulmira Mailybaeva , Karlygash Altynbayeva
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to create an activity by means of technology integration in the foreign language learning of primary school students. A quantitative research method was used in the study. The research was conducted in the fall semester of 2021–2022. A total of 248 voluntary primary school students who continued their education in Kazakhstan participated in the study. In the study, 3 weeks of online education, English education and mobile technology education were provided to elementary school students. In the study, the ‘technology in education’ measurement tool developed by the researchers and compiled by experts in the field was used. The measurement tool was delivered and collected by online method to primary school students. The analysis of the data was carried out using the SPSS programme; frequency analysis was carried out with t-test; and the results obtained were added to the study accompanied by tables. According to the results of the research, it was concluded that the technology and foreign language learning status of primary school students was high and the technology status was high at the same time in their English education.

 

Keywords: Technology Education, English Education, Elementary School Students, Distance Education
Optimizing the utilization of computer-based technology through interactive multimedia development for entrepreneurship learning
Authors: Budiarto Mochamad Kamil , Roemintoyo Roemintoyo
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to develop interactive multimedia products that were suitable for use as technology-based learning media in senior high schools. This research method was research and development (RnD) with the research model adopting the ADDIE model. This model can be used in various product developments in learning activities such as models, strategies, methods, and media whose supported by a technology to create innovations in technology-based. Data collection techniques use non-test techniques, with variations in data collection instruments at each stage. At analysis stage uses observation sheets and a needs analysis questionnaire, the design stage uses the study of learning documents, then at the development and implementation stages used a multimedia feasibility questionnaire for media experts, teaachers, and 54 high school students. The results showed that during the teacher learning process was not optimal in utilizing learning media, students strongly supported the development of interactive multimedia to facilitate learning, based on assessments conducted by media experts, material experts, teachers and students, it was found that interactive multimedia was included in the category. 'very good' which was followed by several suggestions for improving product quality, overall interactive multimedia was decided feasible as a medium for learning in high schools.

 

Keywords: multimedia, feasibility, high school, learning activities, interactive
The effect of information technologies on the development of moral values of future teachers based on innovations in education
Authors: Malika Bekbayeva , Ybyraimzhanov Kalibek , Gaukhar Sanay , Nurdaulet Shakarim , Ainur Aubakirova
Published: February 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of information technologies on the development of spiritual values of future teachers based on innovations in education. The research was carried out in the fall semester of 2021–2022. The study was conducted in a screening model with the participation of 306 prospective teachers attending their studies at various universities of Kazakhstan. In the research, pre-service teachers were given 4 weeks of distance education and training on information technologies. In the study, the ‘information technologies’ measurement tool developed by the researchers was used to collect data. The scale used in the research was delivered to and collected from the university students via the online method. The analysis of the data was carried out using the SPSS programme; frequency analysis was carried out using the t-test, and the results obtained were added to the study accompanied by tables. As a result of the research, it was found that pre-service teachers have a high degree of knowledge and degree of predisposition towards information technologies.

 

Keywords: Innovation, Pre-Service Teachers, Information technologies, Distance Education
Implementing a conceptual model of participative management into an integrated e-learning system
Authors: Sabirov Askadula , Sabirov Askadula , Troyanskaya Marija , Ryabova Elena , Salimova Svetlana
Published: February 2022

The paper aims at determining the principles of participative management and the nuances of their implementation into integrated e-learning, which complements the traditional forms of education in emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The research uses a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from Dashkova for the education sphere and developed with the consideration of participative management principles. The survey involved 289 students and 293 university teachers. The study found that participative management is the best approach to integrating e-learning into the education process.. It ensures effective communication contributing to the uniting of objectives of all participants by expanding their engagement in the management of the education process. Assessment and recognition of participative management in university may be one realistic scenario for more rapid adaptation and effective implementation of diverse learning trajectories.

 

Keywords: e learning, education, governance, integrated education system, participation, student-centered learning transformation.
Assessing Contributions Collaboratively: Using Process Tracing to Capture Crowding In
Authors: Faling Marijn
Published: February 2022

If inclusive business is to realise wide and sustained development impacts, it is likely to depend on crowding in of other public and private actors. Assessing the contribution of inclusive business to crowding in is difficult because the phenomenon usually only manifests after project completion, and the complex operating environment complicates the process of evidencing a link between intervention and outcome. With donors placing increasing emphasis on demonstrating impact, innovative approaches to assess crowding in are needed. This article presents an adapted form of process tracing to assess the contribution of inclusive business to crowding in. It reports on the contribution of CREATE, an inclusive agribusiness project, to the crowding in of malting companies in Ethiopia’s barley value chain. Though predominantly focusing on demonstrating a programme’s contributions to crowding in, the article offers suggestions for how this process tracing-based exercise may support the fostering of inclusive agribusiness practices more broadly.
Ta'tsîru Kafâati Mihniyyah Mudarrisi al-Lughah al-Arabiyah li Tarqiyati Mahârati al-Kitâbah li at-Thullâb bi Madrasati ad-Dîniyyah at-Takmîliyyah al-Awwaliyyah Sunan Kalijaga Kebun Jati Larangan Pamekasan
Authors: Thayyibah Thayyibah
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the competence of an Arabic teacher to improve student writing skills in Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Sunan Kalijaga, Kebon Jati, Larangan, Pamekasan. This study aimed to determine the extent of the influence of professionalism of an Arabic teacher in improving student's writing skills. In this study, the researcher used a quantitative method. While the process, the researcher has a source of data in the form of Imla learning process as well as the students involved in it. The method used to display the data is through questionnaires, observation, documentation, and interviews. The results of this study prove that teacher professionalism has an influence on improving student’s writing skills with a value of 0.321, the value is between 0.200 to 0.400 with a low interpretation.
Al-Kalimât al-'Arabiyah al-Dakhîlah fî al-Lughah al-Indûnîsiyah Lafdzhan wa Ma'nan wa Atsaruhâ fî Ta'lîm al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah
Authors: Umam Muh Hotibul
Published: February 2022

This study discusses Arabic words which are absorbed into Indonesian. The research background of this study is that teachers feel difficult to choose the right content to achieve appropriate goals for foreign beginners, prepare good educational materials for them, determine what should be first started from the lesson materials and show the discussions that require deep concentration. The method used to realize this research was a literature study by using documents such as Arabic and Indonesian books. It was analyzed using deductive and inductive analysis accurately until becoming independent analysis. The result showed that Arabic words which are absorbed into Indonesian in pronouncing and it's meaning are Arabic words that are entered in Indonesian without changing the pronunciation (lafadz) and it's meaning. There are two hundred and fifteen words that have been presented in this research, and most of them come from jamid or Mushtaq names. It has effects generally which include words absorption and others and it also has an effect specifically toward words absorption only.
Idâratu Tandzhîm Barnâmij al-Mukatstsaf fî Waqti Tsalâtsati Asyhur li Ta'allumi al-Lughah al-'Arabiyah bi Ma'had al-Nûr bi Pakis Magelang
Authors: Setiawan Andi , Mawardin Mawardin , Arifa Zakiya
Published: February 2022

The coordination of organization management in an institution had an important influence on the institution itself. But there were some cases still be found that related to an institution had not ideal organization management well. As my research did, I do in an institution that had not ideal organization management as well as should be. As one of the cased that was about a manager as the leader in the institution was still not had an organizational structure as clear yet. The manager only gave the oral division of duty to each member without made an organizational structure outline for them so it was made the position among leaders and members could not see. To analyze this cased The Researcher used a qualitative research approach with descriptive methods through interview and documentation techniques. This study discussed: 1) Management of organizing, 2) Problems in organizing at Islamic boarding schools in An-Nur Pakis Magelang.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Dalam Buku Ta’lim Al-‘Arabiyah Bi Thoriqoh Haditsah M. Fethullah Gülen
Authors: Sholihah Amaliya , Hidayah Ihadatul
Published: February 2022

The focus of this study is to investigate the thinking of Islamic education figures who have an interest in learning Arabic. This study focuses on a work entitled "Ta'lim Al-" Arabiyyah Bi Tariqah Haditsah ". The significance of this study is how the design made by Gülen in his book for learning Arabic and are there implication and integration of his thinking with learning Arabic. Seeing that Gülen is an Islamic education figure who concerns education including Arabic learning. The method of this study is library research, in which the source of the data is taken from several kinds of literature. The approach of this study is the philosophical analysis-thinking of the figure. Gülen’s framework is a form of his concern in the world of education one of which was towards learning Arabic. Gülen designs the Arabic language learning model in a learning book called Ta’lim Al- “Arabiyyah Bi Tariqah Haditsah which contains a (modern) hadith model design. In his book, Gülen divides Arabic language learning into three levels, beginner, intermediate, and advanced.
Tahlîlu Jaudati Bunûdi al-Ikhtiyârât al-Muta'addidah li Ta'lîmi 'Anâshiri al-Lughah al-'Arabiyyah
Authors: Maftuhati Maftuhati , Musyafa'ah Nihayatin , Maulidya Silmi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to explore and determine the quality of test items including the validity and relevance of the Arabic language final exam questions in the form of multiple choice at MTs Halunuk Loksado. The method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Sources of data in this study consisted of two types, the first was primary data sources obtained from interviews. Second, secondary data sources from the documentation. Researchers collected data using structured interview techniques and documentation, then analyzed using Milles and Huberman analysis techniques. The results showed that the final examination items for grade eight of MTs Halunuk Loksado showed a fairly high validity.
Efektivitas Media Mentimeter Pada Pemahaman Materi Bahasa Arab Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Zulfa Desi Rahmania , Huda Nurul
Published: February 2022

This research is motivated by the lack of motivation to learn, the difficulty of students in understanding the material, and the monotonous and boring learning methods. Therefore, innovative learning methods and media are needed so that the learning process becomes more enjoyable. Then the media can be used as a solution to these problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the mentimeter media in understanding student material. This research is quantitative research with experimental type. The design of this research was the Pre-test Post-test Control Group Design which was carried out at MTsN 9 Bantul by using a random sampling technique. Based on statistical calculations that have been carried out in the experimental class and control class, the significance value is 0.000. Because the sig value 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded that Ha is accepted. Thus it can be said that there is a difference in the understanding of the Arabic language material for classes using mentimeter media with classes using conventional media.
Problematika Pembelajaran Maharah Qiraah Daring: Studi Kasus Terhadap Mahasiswa PBA IAIN Syaikh Abdurrahman Siddik Bangka Belitung
Authors: Munawwaroh Ela
Published: February 2022

Online learning during this pandemic poses many problems. A common problem is that not all students have smartphones or a good network in their homes. Therefore, this study is intended to see more about what problems students face in learning reading skills. This study used a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The subject of this research is students in the Arabic education program in the 4th semester. To collect data, the researcher used questionnaires and analyzed them using percentage techniques. The results of this research showed that the problems in learning reading skills faced by students of the Arabic education program IAIN SAS Bangka Belitung include: 1) Linguistic Aspect. More than 50% of students have poor language skills, especially in the mastery of nahwu and sharf, and 2) Non-linguistic Aspect. There are no significant problems, except for problems with the lost network caused by changes in weather or power outages.
Pembelajaran Naḥwu-Ṣarf di Pesantren dengan Pendekatan Interpretatif: Implikasi Teori Interpretasi Jorge JE Gracia dalam Pembelajaran Kitab Alfiyyah Ibn Mālik
Authors: Habib Maulana Maslahul Adi  , Nur Romdlon Maslahul Adi
Published: February 2022

This study aims to reveal and describe the reasons, processes, and implications of learning Naḥwu-Ṣarf from the book Alfiyyah Ibn Mālik with interpretive approach at Pondok Pesantren Al-Luqmaniyyah Yogyakarta. This study used a qualitative approach, where data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data analysis was carried out by reducing, interpreting, presenting, and drawing conclusions. Data testing is done through triangulation. The results of the study show that: (1) The reasons for practicing interpretive learning are because textual understanding of naẓm is the main paradigm of learning, as well as the content behind the textual meaning that is intriguing; (2) the process involves extracting the original meaning of the text, the original meaning intended by the author, extracting the implicit meaning behind textual understanding, and relating it to other things; and (3) It has implications for increasing the students’ interest in learning participation, as well as inculcating the knowledge values to students’ life.
A Possible [tze] Syllable and its Associates in Maya Writing
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities & Institute of Anthropology and Ethnography, Russian Federation, Vepretskii Sergei , Davletshin Albert ,   Russian State University for the Humanities, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The decipherment of the Maya script is still far from completion and awaits the interpretation of a considerable number of logograms and syllabic signs. This paper is dedicated to the composite sign that has been previously considered a ligature of two syllabic signs, tzo and ko. The present analysis shows that these two graphic elements are never written separately and that the ko-like element differs from the other ko syllables attested in the corresponding inscriptions. The sign is found in the context of other syllables involving the mid-front e vowel, implying a previously unrecognized Ce syllable, with “C” standing for an unknown consonant. In Palenque, the sign follows the le syllable; the combination of these two signs is attested in the position of a predicate, which might be interpreted as the verb letz-e, “he/she climbed, went up”. The data collected allow us to propose the phonetic reading tze and fill one more gap in the Maya syllabic grid.
Milpa y saberes mayas en San Sebastián Yaxché, Peto, Yucatán
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Mexico, Castillo López Samuel , Torres Carral Guillermo Arturo ,   Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Mexico
Published: February 2022

The present work was developed in the Mayan community of San Sebastian Yaxche, Peto, Yucatan, with the objective of systematizing the traditional agricultural knowledge we found among milperos. Following a qualitative approach, from January 2018 through July 2019, we obtained information through semi-structured interviews with 16 milperos over 40 years of age. The results showed that a large amount of ancestral knowledge in the way their ancestors worked the milpa is still present in older people; therefore, it is urgent that they are transmitted to the younger ones through agricultural work, thus, avoiding their disappearance. This, thanks to the testimonies provided by the people interviewed.
La mano fría y la mano caliente: un estudio de la metonimia en el maya yucateco
Authors:   University of Bonn, Germany, Letcher Lazo Catherine J.
Published: February 2022

This paper re-examines the expressions síis k'ab (cold hand) and chokoj k'ab (hot hand) frequently mentioned in ethnographic descriptions of the hot-cold system among the Mayan-speaking population of the Yucatán peninsula. Using a linguistic-cognitive approach that integrates contextual information, the internal structure and semantic content of the expressions under study are explored. The analysis of the data obtained during fieldwork in the eastern part of the state of Yucatán allows us to draw two main conclusions: the first is that síis k'ab and chokoj k'ab constitute metonymies of the hand, and the second is that the metonymic use of this part of the body constitutes the basis of the metaphors k'ulu' k'ab (raccoon hand) and sayab k'ab (spring hand), whose analysis complements the present study. In addition, the connection between the identified metonymies and metaphors and a set of activities that to this day play a fundamental role in the daily life of Maya communities is outlined. Thus, the study contributes to broaden our understanding of metonymic and metaphoric patterns and processes in Yucatec Maya as well as of the local hot-cold system.
W poszukiwaniu wzorców partycypacji w deliberacji publicznej. Badanie uczestników i uczestniczek I Wrocławskiego Panelu Obywatelskiego
Authors: Cichosz Marzena , Ufel Wojciech
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this article is to present and analyze individual interviews conducted with the participants of the Citizens’ Assembly in Wrocław in order to identify the main motivations behind their will to participate, as well as what participatory strategies they are likely to adapt. The article is situated between empirical and political analysis, theory of participation, and political psychology. This way we are able to identify seven attitudes presented by participants in three areas: understanding of interests, democracy, and political process. These attitudes differ, the consensual approach being the one we identify as the most desirable for public deliberation, and particular ones — the so-called free-riders — the main challenge that needs to be addressed.
Profesjonalizm dziennikarski polskich tygodników opinii w nagłośnieniu sprawy Władimira Putina
Authors: Gigola Daria
Published: February 2022

In 2018, another presidential election campaign took place in Russia, which was covered widely all over the world. The journalists’ interest was particularly focused on the figure of Vladimir Putin — an influential politician who arouses a lot of emotions and controversy in the political debate. With such a sensitive topic, the question of journalistic professionalism arises. Therefore, it is worth investigating how issues connected to Putin were addressed on the pages of Polish opinion weekly magazines — one of the most significant sectors of the printed media in Poland. The main research hypothesis was as follows: opinion weekly magazines with a centrist ideological profile demonstrate the highest level of journalistic professionalism in the coverage of Putin. In order to verify the hypothesis, the content of the following magazines was analyzed: Do Rzeczy, Gazeta Polska, Sieci, Tygodnik Powszechny, Newsweek, Wprost, Polityka and Przegląd. Only materials published between 1 October 2017 and 31 March 2018 were selected for the research. Th is article focuses on such aspects of journalistic professionalism as: the use of journalistic sources, objectivity, factuality, journalistic style. Attributes “assigned” by journalists to the President of Russia were also analyzed. The research did not confirm the original hypothesis, as right-wing and centrist magazines were characterized by a similar approach, which was different from that of left -wing ones.
Technokratyzm jako patologia organizacji politycznej
Authors: Laska Artur
Published: February 2022

The aim of the article is to characterize technocratism as a pathology of political organizations. “Political organization” is treated here as an organization within which a political process takes place and/or which tries to influence such as process. The presented argument concerns the macro scale, that is, the dimension of the political relationship in which the governing process takes place, but also the micro scale, that is, the subjects seeking power, or influencing power relations. The author not only analyzes the essence and distinguishing features of political technocratism, but also points to methods of protecting society against it.
„Na własne oczy”. Reportaż na łamach tygodnika „Polityka”
Authors: Dawidowicz Aneta
Published: February 2022

The subject of the analysis are reportage pieces published in the weekly Polityka, as part of the “With Your Own Eyes” cycle, appearing from the beginning of 2015 to 2019. Polityka is one of the longest-appearing opinion-forming weeklies nationwide in Poland. The magazine has an established reputation among readers, an unquestionable position on the publishing market and excellent journalistic traditions. In Polityka, reportage is a genre appreciated, promoted and having a permanent, significant place — both due to the excellent and long-lasting traditions as well as because this genre has had a special place in each issue in the form of a series entitled “With Your Own Eyes.” This cycle can always be found by the reader in the same place in the weekly, at the end of each issue. In preparing the content of the article, a classic research method was used, which is the method of analyzing the content of the magazine.
Toothache experiences
Authors: Misrohmasari Elyda Akhya Afida , Wicaksono Dimas , Hadnyanawati Hestieyonini , Prihatiningrum Berlian
Published: February 2022

Aim: To describe the pattern of toothache experience in a cohort of children aged 2-5 over 21 years and to find the relationship between previous toothache experience and later reports of toothache to get finding on the most critical period of toothache as a problem in life. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). A total of 1,927 children from IFLS-1 with complete data were included as baseline participants. They were followed up four times within 21 years (age 6-9y, age 9-12y, age 16-19y, age 23- 26y). Toothache was based on the question of self-reported toothache experience during the last four weeks. After 21 years, a total of 1,098 individuals could be traced and completed every cohort of the survey. Toothache experiences were reported for frequencies in every cohort and accumulative experiences over 21 years. Logistic regression tests were performed to analyze the association of previous toothache experience and later toothache experience. Results: Almost 40% of the respondents reported toothache at least once in their life. The age of 6-9 years is the period when a high percentage of children had teeth-related pain. The experience of toothache at this period was significantly related to every period of age in life. Conclusions: The period of early mixed dentition is important. Oral health status in this period is associated with future oral health. A comprehensive dental health prevention program targeting this population is essential to increase the quality of life.
Carta do comitê editorial
Authors: Pismel Adriana , Monges Alma , Schmidt Augusto Frederico Junqueira , Lima Camila Teixeira , Paula Fernanda Folster de , Sacramento Jonatan , Camargo Kelly Cristina de Moraes , Tresoldi Maria Caroline Marmerolli
Published: February 2022

Carta editorial do n. 58, composto pelo dossiê "Processos, conflitos e desafios: as questões ambientais pela perspectiva das Ciências Sociais".
Kajian Literatur: Tinjauan Remdesivir sebagai Pilihan Terapi pada COVID–19
Authors: Awdisma Wien Maryati , Nosa Ulfa Syafli , Hasmono Didik , Nurmainah Nurmainah
Published: February 2022

Infeksi virus corona baru, pertama kali terdeteksi pada akhir Desember 2019, dengan jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi lebih dari 33 juta kasus dan lebih dari 900.000 kematian dilaporkan. Terdefinisi sebagai pandemi, dan belum ada “obat khusus” yang dianggap dapat mengatasinya. Salah satu pendekatan terapeutik yang sedang dievaluasi dalam berbagai uji klinis adalah saat ini adalah remdesivir,telah disetujui oleh Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM sebagai obat Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) sebagai opsi  penggunaan darurat Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memberikan gambaran tentang penemuan remdesivir, mekanisme aksi, dan penelitian terkini yang mengeksplorasi efektivitas klinisnya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pencarian sumber data PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct dan Cochrane hingga November 2020 dengan kata kombinasi kata kunci Convalescent Plasma”; “SARS-CoV-2”, Virus Corona dan dibatasi pada jurnal berbahasa Inggris. yang mengulas penemuan remdesivir, mekanisme kerja, farmakokinetik, farmakodinamik, dan efikasi uji klinis remdesivir dalam pengobatan pasien COVID-19. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa remdesivir memiliki efek klinis yang baik setelah 10 hari pengobatan pada pasien COVID-19.Kata Kunci: COVID-19, EUA, Remdesivir, SARS-CoV-2 The new coronavirus infection identified at the end of December 2019 and is receiving a lot of attention around the world. Globally, the number of confirmed cases has increased to more than 33 million cases and more than 900,000 deaths have been reported. This condition is defined as a pandemic situation, and so far no "special drug" is believed to be able to overcome it. One therapeutic approach currently being evaluated in various clinical studies is remdesivir. This drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) as Emergency Medicine (EUA). This emergency option for remdesivir is considered a promising option for treating patients with COVID19. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent studies investigating the discovery of remdesivir, its mechanism of action, and its clinical efficacy. The survey method was conducted by searching the data sources of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane until November 2020. Researchers limit literary studies to English journals. The results of 1000 articles searched that met the selection criteria were 10 articles examining the results of remdesivir, its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the efficacy of clinical remdesivir in the treatment of patients with COVID 19. The conclusion of this study is that remdesivir has a good clinical effect 10 days after treatment of patients with COVID19.
Socio-Demografi Dalam Pengendalian HBA1C Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Di Sidoarjo
Authors: Wahyuni Khurin In , Rohmah Martina Kurnia Rohmah , Setyawati Herni
Published: February 2022

Diabetes Mellitus merupakan penyakit metabolit yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya insulin atau insulin yang resisten. Penurunan 1 persen HbA1c menurunkan 30-40% risiko komplikasi, Faktor-faktor ini mungkin berbeda dari satu populasi kepada orang lain berdasarkan Jenis kelamin, Lama menderita, Umur, Tingkat pendidikan, dan Riwayat DM, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan socio demografi terhadap pengendalian HbA1c di Sidoarjo. Penelitian menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan instrument kuesioner dan HbA1c kit, hasil didapatkan bahwa Jenis Kelamin, lama menderita, umur, tingkat pendidikan dan riwayat DM tidak memiliki hubungan dengan pengendalian HbA1c (P>0,05) namun edukasi dan pengecekan HbA1c memiliki hasil signifikan terkait pengontrolan HbA1c (P<0.05).Kata Kunci: HbA1c, Socio Demografi, DM Tipe 2, Kontrol Glikemik, Pengendalian Gula DarahDiabetes Mrllitus is a metabolic disease caused by a lack of insulin or insulin resistance. Reduction of 1 % HbA1c could reduces 30-40% risk of complications. These factors may differ from one population to another based on gender, long-suffering, ages, level of education and historical of the disease, therefore this research aims to assess the relationship between the socio demographic and HBA1C control in Sidoarjo. The study used an observational analytic method with a cross sectional approach with a questionnaire instrument and HbA1c kit, the results showed that gender, long-suffering , ages, level of education and historical of the disease did not have a relationship with HbA1c control (P> 0.05) but education and HbA1c checking had significant results regarding HbA1c control (P <0.05).
Un banco, una flecha, unas palabras : las intervenciones de Pawson, Siza y Souto de Moura en la abadía de Thoronet =A bench, an arrow, some words : The interventions of Pawson, Siza and Souto de Moura in the Abbey of Thoronet
Authors: Fernández Villalobos Nieves
Published: February 2022

ResumenLa abadía de Thoronet fue fundada en 1157, mostrando ejemplarmente la sobria estética cister­ciense basada en la primacía de la luz y el volumen, y en la delicada construcción en piedra ca liza local. Constituye un ejemplo excepcional de espiritualidad transformada en arquitectura, que atrajo a los arquitectos del movimiento moderno. Desde el año 2006, queriendo potenciar nuevas miradas contemporáneas al monasterio e incentivar el turismo, se han llevado a cabo diferentes intervenciones periódicas y reversibles. Estos eventos, conocidos como “Lecciones de Thoronet”, ofrecen a un arquitecto reconocido la oportunidad de realizar una interpretación personal del con­junto cisterciense.  El propósito de este artículo es mostrar las intervenciones de John Pawson, Alvaro Siza y Souto de Moura en este lugar, usándolas como pretexto para aprender y reflexionar sobre una obra cuya belleza atemporal sigue cautivando a artistas y arquitectos. El análisis de estas propuestas per­mite observar asimismo diferentes maneras de posicionarse frente a lo construido.AbstractThoronet Abbey was founded in 1157, displaying exemplarily the sober Cistercian aesthetic based on the primacy of light and volume, and the delicate construction in local limestone. It is an excep-tional example of spirituality transformed into architecture, which attracted architects from the modern movement. Since 2006, with the aim of promoting new contemporary views of the monas-tery and encourage tourism, different periodic and reversible interventions have been carried out. These events, known as “Thoronet Lessons”, offer a renowned architect the opportunity to make a personal interpretation of the Cistercian complex. The purpose of this paper is to show the interventions of John Pawson, Alvaro Siza and Souto de Moura in this place, using them as a pretext to learn and reflect on a work whose timeless beauty continues to captivate artists and architects. The analysis of these proposals also allows us to ob-serve different intervention approaches over the built.
Cubiertas, composición volumétrica y proporciones en Madīnat al-Zahrā’ = Roofs, volumetric composition and proportions in Madīnat al-Zahrā’
Authors: Iborra Bernad Federico
Published: February 2022

ResumenUna de las cosas que más nos llama la atención en las restituciones de los palacios califales de Madīnat al-Zahrā’ o de la almunia de al-Rummanīyya es la configuración de las cubiertas, resueltas a cuatro aguas individualmente sobre cada una de las habitaciones de los edificios. Esta propuesta, muy difundida en publicaciones de divulgación donde se necesita concretar una imagen totalmente definida, parte de premisas dudosas y no tiene una clara justificación a nivel funcional. Por otro lado, la arquitectura califal se caracteriza por el uso recurrente de alhanías cuadradas, perfectamente delimitadas por muros de carga de gran espesor, tanto en el cuerpo principal como en los pórticos. En época posterior estos elementos de división irán perdiendo importancia, convirtiéndose en simples arcos de yeso y desapareciendo en las arcadas frontales. En este texto nos planteamos algunas preguntas sobre su origen y función, tanto compositiva como estructural, estableciendo una posible relación entre la solución planimétrica y las cubiertas del edificio.AbstractOne of the most striking aspects in the restorations of Caliphal palaces of Madīnat al-Zahrā’ or al-Rummanīyya almunia is the configuration of the roofs, resolved individually on four slopes over each of the rooms of buildings. This proposal, widely disseminated in popular publications which need to define a image, comes from dubious premises and has not a clear justification in a functional sense. On the other hand, Caliphal architecture is characterized by the recurrent use of square rooms, perfectly delimited by heavy load-bearing walls, both in the main body and in the porticoes. In later times, these dividing elements will gradually lose importance, turning into simple plaster arches in the rear and disappearing into the front. In this text we ask ourselves some questions about its origin and function, both compositional and structural, establishing a possible relationship between the planimetric solution and the roofs of the building.
Valdivia inexpugnable: Roberto Montandon y el desarrollo de la conciencia patrimonial en Chile = Valdivia, an impregnable fortress : Roberto Montandon and the development of heritage awareness in Chile
Authors: Valdivia Ávila Soledad , Vela Cossío Fernando
Published: February 2022

ResumenLas recientes celebraciones del año 2020 para conmemorar el segundo centenario del proceso de independencia de Chile, nos invitan a estudiar lo sucedido en 1970 cuando, con motivo del sesquicentenario de la emancipación del antiguo territorio de la América española, tuvo lugar un importante debate en torno a la reconstrucción del fuerte de Niebla (Valdivia) tras el terremoto de 1960. Siendo patente el interés histórico de las antiguas fortificaciones españolas en la provincia de Valdivia, se ponía ahora el foco en el análisis de los métodos y criterios empleados para su con­servación. Se encargó para ello un estudio al asesor de gobierno Roberto Montandon (1909-2003), obteniéndose un interesante programa de restauración. Tras analizar las intervenciones efectua­das en las fortificaciones entre 1945 y 1983 se pueden identificar tres períodos de obras donde los criterios adoptados parecen inmutables en el tiempo y la metodología utilizada pone de manifiesto tanto lo avanzado de la posición de Montandon como la acción efectiva para la conservación del patrimonio nacional por el Estado chileno.AbstractThe recent celebrations of the year 2020 to commemorate the second centenary of the indepen­dence process of Chile, invite us to study what happened in 1970 when, on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the emancipation of the former territory of Spanish America, an important de­bate took place around to the reconstruction of the Niebla fort (Valdivia) after the 1960 earthquake. The historical interest of the old Spanish fortifications in the province of Valdivia being clear, the focus was now on the analysis of the methods and criteria used for their conservation. For this, a study was commissioned to the government advisor Roberto Montandon (1909-2003), obtaining an interesting restoration program. After analyzing the interventions carried out in the fortifications between 1945 and 1983, three periods of works can be identified where the criteria adopted seem immutable in time and the methodology used reveals both the advanced position of Montandon and the effective action for conservation of the national patrimony by the Chilean State.
A vueltas con la función y de vuelta a la forma : apuntes críticos en torno a la Casa de Baños de Trenton = Around function and back to form : A critical inquiry into the Trenton Bath House
Authors: Martín Domínguez Guiomar
Published: February 2022

ResumenDurante los años cincuenta, en su búsqueda de alternativas a la planta libre, Kahn sentó las bases de una auténtica (contra)revolución espacial, fundada en el reconocimiento de la estancia como entidad arquitectónica de carácter primigenio. Tras los ensayos teóricos de las Casas Adler y De­Vore, el pabellón de Baños de Trenton materializa de manera ejemplar el proceso de emancipación de la forma arquitectónica propuesto por Kahn en esos años, desde la experimentación consci­ente con mecanismos geométricos repetitivos. El presente artículo aborda esta cuestión desde dos perspectivas entrelazadas: por un lado, tomando el concepto de emancipación como sinónimo de autonomía física, perceptiva y simbólica de la estancia, basada en un renovado compromiso entre envolvente y estructura. Y por otro, como sinónimo de independencia entre espacio y función, una lección extraída del pasado que Kahn supo manipular y adaptar al presente, en un momento clave de su carrera fuertemente influenciado por Anne Tyng.AbstractDuring the 1950s, in his search for alternatives to the open plan, Kahn laid the foundations for a real spatial (counter)revolution, founded on the recognition of the room as a primary architectural entity. After the theoretical projects for the Adler and DeVore Houses, the Trenton Bath House was materialized as an illustrating example of the emancipation process of the architectural form pro­posed by Kahn in those years, based on a conscious experimentation with geometrical patterns. This article addresses this issue from two intertwined perspectives. On the one hand, it takes the concept of emancipation as synonymous with the physical, perceptual and symbolic autonomy of the room, based on a renewed allegiance between enclosure and structure. On the other hand, it understands emancipation as synonymous with independence between space and function, a lesson that Kahn drew from the past and that he was able to reshape and adapt to the present, in a key moment of his career strongly influenced by Anne Tyng.
Arquitectura y olvido : el Jockey Club de Goiás de Paulo Mendes da Rocha = Architecture and oblivion: the Jockey Club of Goiás by Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Authors: Mora Pereira Caixeta Eline Maria , Ramos Mahler Christine
Published: February 2022

ResumenEste artículo presenta el estudio de una obra de Paulo Mendes da Rocha: el Jockey Club de Goiás, ubicado en el interior de Brasil. El objeto está poco explorado en las publicacio­nes, carece de una comprensión más profunda de sus valores materiales e inmateriales. El enfoque se centra en la trayectoria del edificio, contextualizando su diseño y construcción, con una mirada a la apropiación del espacio, desde el auge hasta la decadencia de este equipamiento urbano social y deportivo, con miras a su conservación y reinserción urbana. El objetivo es demostrar su importancia cultural, ya sea a través de la escala urbana, la ubicación estratégica, la calidad tectónica y el valor ambiental. Estos atributos justifican y posibilitan su reinserción en la ciudad del siglo XXI, con la absorción de nuevos usos rela­cionados a su vocación original. La discusión abre el camino para prácticas de conservación de edificios modernos en Brasil, más allá de la restauración. AbstractThis paper presents the case of one of Paulo Mendes da Rocha’s works: the Jockey Club of Goiás, located in the interior of Brazil. The object is little explored in publications, lacking a deeper understanding for its material and immaterial values. The approach focuses on the building’s trajectory, contextualizing its design and construction, with a look at the appro­priation of space, from the heyday to the decadence of this urban social and sporting equi­pment, with a view to its conservation and urban reintegration. The aim is to demonstrate its cultural significance, whether through urban scale strategic location, tectonic quality and environmental value. These attributes justify and enable its insertion in the 21s century city with the absorption of new uses related to its original vocation. The discussion opens the way for conservation practices of modern buildings in Brazil, beyond restoration.
Arquitectura y medioambiente: una bibliografía crítica = Architecture and Environment: a Critical Bibliography
Authors: Prieto González Eduardo
Published: February 2022

ResumenLa tradición historiográfica y crítica de la arquitectura se ha sostenido en conceptos —los estilos, los autores, las sociedades, las culturas, los modos de producción— tomados en su mayor parte de los enfoques formalistas propios de la Historia del Arte. Se trata de conceptos que han dado pie a relatos elaborados de ‘arriba abajo’ donde no han tenido cabida otros temas más infraestruc­turales como el entorno, los recursos materiales, el confort y la experiencia corporal. Con todo, existe una tradición bibliográfica con una prosapia corta, pero rica y original, cuyo tema ha sido la relación de la arquitectura con el campo semántico amplio y complejo que hoy cubre la palabra ‘medioambiente’; una tradición que ha estado definida tanto por los paradigmas medioambienta-les de la arquitectura del siglo xx —paradigmas higienista, tecnocráctico, bioclimático, ecológico, termodinámico y sostenible— cuanto por los paradigmas estéticos y filosóficos de otras discipli­nas —paradigmas estructuralista, antropológico, fenomenológico, atmosférico, antropotécnico o ecológico ‘profundo’—. Hoy, este bagaje bibliográfico tiende a enriquecerse y ampliarse por medio de las herramientas analíticas, hermenéuticas y críticas de la historia en cuanto disciplina para dar pie a una nueva y necesaria ‘historia medioambiental de la arquitectura’.AbstractThe historiographic and critical tradition of architecture has been sustained by concepts— styles, authors, societies, cultures, modes of production—taken for the most part from the formalistic approaches pertaining to the History of Art. These are concepts that have given rise to elaborate ‘top-down’ stories where more infrastructural issues—such as the environment, material resources, comfort, and bodily experience—have not had a place. Nevertheless, there is a bibliographic tradition—of short lineage, yet rich and original— that has tackled architecture’s relationship with the broad and complex semantic field now encompassed in the word ‘environment’; a tradition defined as much by the environmental paradigms of 20th-century architecture—hygienist, technocratic, bioclimatic, ecological, thermodynamic, and sustainable paradigms—as by the aesthetic and philosophical paradigms of other disciplines—structuralist, anthropological, phenomenological, atmospheric, anthropotechnical, and ‘deep’ ecological paradigms. Today this bibliographic baggage tends to be enriched and expanded by means of the analytical, hermeneutical, and critical tools of history, in pursuit of a new and necessary ‘environmental history of architecture’.
Role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with resected gallbladder carcinoma: a multi-institutional analysis (KROG 19-04)
Authors:   Center for Proton Therapy and Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea, Lee Sung Uk
Published: February 2022

Objective: The effectiveness of adjuvant treatments for resected gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) has remained unclear due to lack of randomized controlled trials; thus, the aim of present study was to evaluate the role of adjuvant treatments, including chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and/or chemotherapy (CTx), in patients with resected GBC. Methods: A total of 733 GBC patients who received curative-intent surgical resection were identified in a multi-institutional database. Of 733 patients, 372 (50.8%) did not receive adjuvant treatment, whereas 215 (29.3%) and 146 (19.9%) received adjuvant CTx and CRT, respectively. The locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) of the adjuvant treatment groups were compared according to tumor stage (stage II vs. stage III–IV). Results: In stage II disease (n = 381), the 5-year LRFS, RFS, and OS were not significantly different among the no-adjuvant therapy, CTx, and CRT groups, and positive resection margin, presence of perineural invasion, and Nx classification were consistently associated with worse LRFS, RFS, and OS in the multivariate analysis (P < 0.05). For stage III–IV (n = 352), the CRT group had significantly higher 5-year LRFS, RFS, and OS than the no-adjuvant therapy and CTx groups (67.8%, 45.2%, and 56.9%; 37.9%, 28.8%, and 35.4%; and 45.0%, 30.0%, and 45.7%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: CRT has value as adjuvant treatment for resected GBC with stage III–IV disease. Further study is needed for stage II disease with high-risk features.
Methods for monitoring cancer cell pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Shuo , Liu Yuantong , Zhang Lu , Sun Zhijun
Published: February 2022

Pyroptosis is a form of proinflammatory cell death that depends on the gasdermin family of proteins. The main features of pyroptosis are altered membrane permeability, cell swelling, membrane rupture, and the ability to mobilize a strong immune response. The relationship between pyroptosis and cancer has become a popular topic in immunological research. Multiple strategies for inducing pyroptosis in cancer cells have been developed for cancer therapy, including chemotherapy, small molecule drugs, and nanomedicines. In this review, we systematically discuss recent advances in research on the mechanisms of pyroptosis, and compare pyroptosis with apoptosis and necroptosis from several aspects. The development of various experimental systems has accompanied rapid progress in this field, but little consensus on monitoring pyroptosis is currently available. We focus on techniques commonly used to monitor pyroptosis, and describe future techniques that may be used to increase our knowledge in this field. Overall, the advancement of pyroptosis detection methods will help researchers to better investigate the relationships between pyroptosis and various cancers, and should provide insights into the use of these promising tools for cancer treatments.