bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Audiovisual-Based Jigsaw Method in Post-COVID-19 to Increase Students' Capacity in Indonesia
Authors: Abbas Asriani , Abbas Abbas , Rasyid Kaharuddin , Said Ikhwan M. , Tamin Haryeni , . Indarwati
Published: October 2023

Recovery of learning after the Covid-19 pandemic requires all stakeholders to innovate inclusive and quality learning as an option to mitigate learning loss towards learning in the new normal era. Hybrid learning is an alternative learning towards a transitional period in the form of a mix between online and offline learning. This research is to measure the effectiveness of the audiovisual-based jigsaw method in the hybrid learning process to increase the capacity of junior high school students to write scientific papers in Maros Regency, Indonesia. The research was using a descriptive-qualitative approach, namely exploring the learning situation through the application of the J-AV method to measure the students’ capacity of scientific papers and the ability to work together in groups. This research found an empirical fact that students were able to significantly increase their capacity to write scientific papers through the jigsaw learning method using audiovisual media on aspects of format, writing, presentation, analysis, synthesis and conclusion. Before using audiovisual media, the average score of students’ scientific papers was 71 with a quality of C or medium, but by using audiovisual media in compiling scientific papers, they could increase their average score to be 84 with B or good quality.
Internal Control Failure in SARS-CoV-2 PCR, Technical vs specimen Etiology
Authors: AlJamaan Muneer Ahmad , Alyousief Mufeed Hassan , Al-fheid Hussain Ali , Al-Tufaif Hussain Ali , Aldahan Duaa Hassan , Alali Wassem Abdulmohsen , Alsuliman Omar Mohammed , Alshamlan Samer Mahdi , Nabil Ayman Mohamed , Mohamed Yossef Ayman
Published: October 2023

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic was global threat and preventing the re-pandemic considered the main target nowadays in many of healthcare commissions. Early and rapid diagnosis was achieved by PCR testing for COVID-19, against this concept was the rejection and or reptation of testing because of failure of processing mainly due to internal control failure (ICF).  The objective of our study was emerged to find out the main cause of Internal Control Failure in SARS-CoV-2 PCR, and whether it caused mainly by Technical or Specimen Etiology.50 specimens of SARS-CoV-2 PCR were used with their original testing result were of Internal Control Failure then repeated to conclude whether it caused by Technical (the second reading gave a valid result) or Specimen Etiology (the second reading gave a ICF result). The result was highly significant. (p < .05).   comparing the valid second result (technical causes) to ICF second result (specimen causes). We concluded that technical causes of ICF was the main cause of ICF result of PCR testing for COVID-19 with minimal specimen etiological cause that could recommend to interpret the result t of positive or negative from first reading with commenting on ICF with repetition especially in valid run and urgent specimen.
A Review of Current Developments in The Detection of Brain Cancer Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Analysis of Methodology, Comparisons, Results and Challenges
Authors: Raja MD Ashif , Lone Anzar Hussain , Kaur Manpreet , Kaur Preet , Sodhi Rajinder Singh , . Neha
Published: October 2023

Among the deadliest illnesses that is not initially recognized in the context of cancer is brain cancer. Cancerous cells are created when cells proliferate quickly and uncontrollably. The changes in tumour location, size, and shape severely impair the ability to detect brain cancers. The wrong diagnosis of a brain tumour can have terrible and fatal consequences. So there is need of high level accuracy to find the tumor classification.  The categorization, segmentation, analysis, and detection of brain cancer are the main topics of this work. In order to aid researchers, This study intends to offer an extensive exploration of the existing literature regarding brain tumor identification through the utilization of magnetic resonance imaging. Three different types of medical imaging for brain cancer were subjected to machine learning approaches (feature extraction, augmentation methods, segmentation, and anatomy of brain tumours) and identifies current issues that must be resolved for various machine learning algorithms to be applied widely in the treatment of personalised brain cancer. Ultimately, this comprehensive review compiles relevant scholarly works concerning brain tumor detection, accentuating its advantages, limitations, progressions, and challenges, thus paving the way for potential forthcoming investigations.
Industrial policy of Ukraine: implementation of occupational standards to ensure qualified personnel
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Novak Iryna ,   Ptoukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the place and role of occupational standards in providing industry with qualified personnel and to define main tasks and problems of their implementation in Ukraine. Research methods: dialectical, abstract-logical, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, analogy and comparisons, system, complex and content analysis. Approaches to the formation of modern industrial policy are analyzed, attention is focused on the main determinants of EU industrial policy - the creation of a favorable environment for the development of small and medium-sized businesses and equal opportunities in conditions of competition, which means the struggle to achieve better conditions of access to limited resources. The role of qualified personnel as the scarcest resource that determines the competitiveness of industry is shown. The problem of the shortage of qualified labor for industry in Ukraine is highlighted, the solution of which requires the creation of conditions for the development of competition and ensuring the training of professional personnel in accordance with the needs of industry, in particular – by modernizing occupational standards of industrial specialties. The place and importance of the implementation of occupational standards in providing industry with qualified personnel, their relationship with the education system and the labor market, and main problems of implementation are defined. It has been proven that employers' decision to introduce occupational standards "affects" the most sensitive foundations of labor relations – employment (the employees’ compliance with the requirements for qualifications, education, etc.), remuneration of labor (rate fixing), conditions and safety of work. Conclusions were made about the need to develop the Methodology for the introduction of occupational standards, the existence of a wide field for the joint activity of social partners on the basis of ensuring the transparency of the transition to occupational standards for employees, the use of existing mechanisms of social dialogue for the participation of personnel, in particular – through the representation of trade unions, in the activities of the working group on the introduction of occupational standards.
Global Inflation Uncertainty and its Economic Effects
Authors: Londono Juan M. , Ma Sai , Wilson Beth Anne
Published: October 2023

Policymakers, including Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) participants, have been stressing the elevated level of uncertainty, especially related to inflation, and the challenge this poses for monetary policy. As seen in Figure 1, with few exceptions, FOMC participants see the level of uncertainty around their forecasts for core PCE inflation as high, compared to the average over the past 20 years.
FinTech and Banks: Strategic Partnerships That Circumvent State Usury Laws
Authors: Elliehausen Gregory , Hannon Simona M.
Published: October 2023

Previous research has found evidence suggesting that financial technology (FinTech) lenders seek out opportunities in markets that have been underserved by mainstream banks. The research focuses primarily on the effect of bank market structure, limited income, and economic hardship in attracting FinTech companies to underserved markets. This paper expands the scope of FinTech research by investigating the role of interest rate regulation of consumer credit and institutional risk segmentation in FinTech lenders’ efforts to solicit new customers in the personal loan market. We find that strategic partnerships between FinTech companies and specialist banks target marginal-risk, near-prime, and low-prime consumers for credit card and other debt consolidation loans. These FinTech-bank partnerships especially target marginal consumers in states with low interest rate ceilings. Mainstream banks largely avoid higher-risk consumers, and low rate ceilings inhibit consumer finance company lending, which historically has been the major source of personal loans for higher risk consumers and may compete with banks at the margin. In partnering with the specialist banks, the FinTech lenders are able to take advantage of federal preemptions from state rate ceilings to lend profitably to higher-risk consumers in states with low rate ceilings to compete in these markets.
On the Negatives of Negative Interest Rates
Authors: Berentsen Aleksander , van Buggenum Hugo , Ruprecht Romina
Published: October 2023

Major central banks remunerate reserves at negative rates (NIR). To study thelong-run effects of NIR, we focus on the role of reserves as intertemporal stores of value that are used to settle interbank liabilities. We construct a dynamic general equilibrium model with commercial banks holding reserves and funding investments with retail deposits. In the long run, NIR distorts investment decisions, lowers welfare, depresses output, and reduces bank profitability. The type of distortion depends on the transmission of NIR to retail deposits. The availability of cash explains the asymmetric effects of policy-rate changes in negative vs positive territory.
Labor Market Discrimination and the Racial Unemployment Gap: Can Monetary Policy Make a Difference?
Authors: Cairó Isabel , Lipton Avi
Published: October 2023

Black workers experience a higher unemployment rate, as well as more volatile employment dynamics, than white workers, and the racial unemployment rate gap is largely unexplained by observable characteristics. We develop a New Keynesian model with search and matching frictions in the labor market, endogenous separations, and employer discrimination against Black workers to explain these outcomes. The model is consistent with key features of the aggregate economy and is able to explain key labor market disparities across racial groups. We then use this model to assess the effects of the Federal Reserve’s new monetary policy framework---interest rates respond to shortfalls of employment from its maximum level rather than deviations---on racial inequality in the labor market. We find that shifting from a Deviations interest rate rule to a Shortfalls rule reduces the racial unemployment rate gap and the model-based measures of labor market discrimination but increases the average inflation rate. From a welfare perspective, we find that the Shortfalls approach does not do much to reduce racial inequality in our model economy.
Who's Most Exposed to International Shocks? Estimating Differences in Import Price Sensitivity across U.S. Demographic Groups
Authors: Hottman Colin J. , Monarch Ryan
Published: October 2023

Differences in consumption patterns across demographic groups mean that international price shocks differentially affect such groups. We construct import price indexes for U.S. consumer groups that vary by age, race, sex, education, and urban status. Black consumers and college graduates experienced significantly higher import price inflation from 1996-2018 compared to other groups, such as high school dropouts, rural consumers, and consumers over 60. Sensitivity to international price shocks varies widely, implying movements in exchange rates and foreign prices, both during our sample and during the Covid-19 pandemic, drove sizable differences in import price inflation – and total inflation – across groups.
Analysis of air quality issues and air quality management status in five major African cities
Authors: Borge Rafael , Lange Sebastian , Kehew Robert
Published: October 2023

Poor air quality is one of the main dysfunctions of the rapid urbanisation process in Africa. Although the information is fragmented, the limited evidence available points out that air quality is a leading health risk in Africa, especially affecting the poorest, most vulnerable communities. In this study, we look into five cities in Africa to understand the nature of urban air quality issues and to delve into the initial responses. We report on the status of the main air quality management dimensions, including air quality standards and monitoring strategy/capabilities, emission inventories and air quality modelling, health impact assessment studies, communication practices, development and implementation of clean air action plans (in connection with other relevant strategies, i.e. climate change policies) and governance issues. We find that all cities have limited monitoring capabilities although communication strategies may differ substantially. While indoor pollution sources are declining in more developed economies, traffic is a growing concern in all five cities. In most cases, air quality issues are mostly related to PM2.5 and natural contributions worsen air pollution from road transport, biomass and open waste burning. While nationally-driven strategies, often based on large-scale engineering projects and financial schemes, may report substantial gains in early stages, multi-level governance and planning is likely to maximize benefits and provide a useful framework for the complex problem of air quality management in the long run. The integration of air quality plans in overarching strategies to tackle persistent poverty and social inequity is urgently needed.
Activation of Simvastatin v1
Authors: Juarez Dennis , not provided dfruman
Published: October 2023

Activation of simvastatin lactone to active simvastatin acid by hydrolysis of lactone ring with NaOH.
Intracellular Staining of PUMA in Primary PBMC Lymphocytes v1
Authors: Juarez Dennis , not provided dfruman
Published: October 2023

Flow cytometric assessment of Intracellular PUMA levels is useful when wanting to assess PBMC subsets but are limited by sample as with primary patient samples. Here I describe a protocol for intracellular PUMA staining validated with PUMA knockdown and induction with PUMA inducing treatments.
Alman Siyasi Birliğine Giden Süreçte Prusya’nın, Zollverein’ın ve Bismarck’ın Rolü
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Mehmet
Published: October 2023

Tarihi süreçte Avusturya gibi Kutsal Roma Germen İmparatorluğu ve Alman Konfederasyonu bünyesinde yer alan Prusya, Bismarck önderliğinde 1871’de Alman İmparatorluğu’nu ilan etmiştir. Alman siyasi birliğinin de sağlandığı bu aşamaya ise kolay gelinmemiştir. Bu aşamaya nasıl gelindiğine dair sorudan yola çıkan bu çalışmada, Alman siyasi birliğinin sağlanmasında Prusya’nın, Zollverein’ın ve Bismarck’ın rolü araştırılmıştır. Prusya perspektifinden 18 ve 19. yüzyıl Avrupa tarihindeki temel kritik dönemeçlere temas eden araştırma aynı zamanda siyasi birlik sürecinin nasıl işlediğine ve bunun nasıl başarıldığına cevap aramaktadır. Güç dengesi ve güvenlik toplulukları yaklaşımlarının katkılarıyla yürütülen araştırma, tarihsel kurumsalcılıktan da izler taşımaktadır. Güç dengesi yaklaşımı, 18. ve 19. yüzyıllardaki Avrupa ve Alman coğrafyasındaki güç ilişkilerini göstermeye yönelik alt zemin oluşturmada, güvenlik toplulukları yaklaşımı ise fonksiyonelden genel amalgama (birliğe) dönüşümü açıklamada tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan araştırma neticesinde, Alman siyasi birliğinin sağlanmasında, Prusya’nın, Zollverein’ın ve Bismarck’ın oldukça önemli rol oynadıkları görülmüştür. Siyasi birliği sağlama yönünde Prusya bir taraftan Avrupa güç dengesi koşullarında Fransa ile diğer taraftan da Alman devletleri arasında Avusturya ile uzun süre mücadele etmek durumunda kalmıştır. Hatta Bismarck liderliğinde izlenen strateji doğrultusunda bu devletlerle savaşılmış ve galip gelinmiştir. Bunların yanı sıra Alman siyasi birliğin sağlanması yönünde atılan stratejik bir bütünleşme hamlesi de Zollverein adı verilen Alman Gümrük Birliği’nin inşası olmuştur.
Dinamikler, Norm ve Konjonktür: Eritre’nin Kırk Yıl Arayla Deneyimlediği İki Farklı Bağımsızlık Gündeminin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ULUER Ahmet Göksel
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, Afrika Boynuzu’nda yer alan Eritre devletinin bağımsızlığı konusunun uluslararası alanda gündeme geldiği iki tarih olan 1950 ve 1990’ların başlarını odağa alarak, 1950’lerde onaylanmayan bağımsızlığın 1990’larda onaylanmış olmasını sorun edinmektedir. Bu açıdan, çalışmanın ilgi alanını bağımsızlık gündemine taraf devlet ve örgütlerin faaliyetleri oluşturur. Eritre’nin bağımsızlığı meselesinin kırk yıl ara ile farklı kararlarla sonuçlanmasının, bölgede çıkarları bulunan uluslararası aktörlerin tutumları, Birleşmiş Milletler’in rolü ve kararları ve bölge ülkelerinin iç dinamikleriyle doğrudan ilintili olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Etiyopya ve Eritre’nin tarihsel birlikteliği ve ayrımına odaklanarak, bu iki coğrafyanın ilişkisinin Eritre’nin bağımsızlığı özelinde üstünde durulan bir unsur olduğu gözler önüne serilmektedir. Bu iki ülkenin bir aradalığını ön gören ve görmeyen argüman ve tarihsel gelişmeler ele alınarak, Eritre’nin ikinci bağımsızlık gündeminde, ilkinde olmayan karşılıklı uzlaşı ve Eritre’nin ulusal niteliğinin üzerinde durulmuştur. İkinci olarak, self-determinasyon ve ayrılma konusunda dünyada yaşanan gelişmelerin Eritre’nin bağımsızlığına nasıl etki ettiği analiz edilmektedir. Bu noktada uluslararası örgütler tarafından alınan kararlar ve değişen normlar incelenmektedir. Son olarak Soğuk Savaş’ın tırmanma ve sönümlenme evrelerini merkeze alarak, ülkenin geleceğinde dış aktörlerin bölgesel ve küresel politikalarının nasıl belirleyici olduğu sorgulanmıştır. Özellikle ilk bağımsızlık gündeminin Soğuk Savaş politikaları gereği desteklenemeyecek ve Etiyopya’nın toprak bütünlüğünü savunacak bir konjonktürde, ikincisinin ise blok politikalarının çözüldüğü ve küresel dönüşümün başladığı yeni bir geçiş evresine denk geldiği için dış aktörlerce olumlu karşılandığı ve mümkün hale geldiği ileri sürülmüştür.
Verification of Social Media Content for News Production: A Thematic Review of Journalistic Technique and Strategies
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Baharom Melinda , Ahmad Ghazali Akmar Hayati ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Ahmad Abdul Muati@Zamri ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia
Published: October 2023

News organisations increasingly use social media content for breaking news, eyewitness accounts and user-generated videos. However, the veracity of such content is often questioned as social media platforms are prone to false reports, rumours and manipulation. This highlights the importance of journalists using robust verification techniques and strategies to ensure the accuracy and reliability of social media content in their reporting. However, prior research revealed no review papers discussing patterns of verification techniques and strategies journalists use on social media content for news production. This thematic review aims to synthesise literature from 2019 to 2023 on the journalist's strategies and techniques in verifying social media content for news production using a thematic review (TR). A list of keywords (journalistic techniques and strategies used in verifying social media content for news production) related to the scope of this research was identified. In the second step, the keyword was searched for studies in Scopus, Dimensions and Mendeley, and 31 papers were reviewed. A thematic review was carried out, where five final themes were identified: traditional techniques, combination strategies, technology and social media tools, computational tools and training, and media literacy. This study will benefit knowledge of journalists' verification social media techniques and strategies and future study of journalists' verification practices. Keywords: Journalists practices, verification, techniques & strategies, social media, news production.
Definisi dan Tipologi Istilah Politik Laskar Siber di Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Iwan Nurul , Hed Norhafiza Mohd ,   Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris
Published: October 2023

Politik laskar siber adalah istilah yang merujuk kepada aktivis yang dibayar bagi menyebarkan propaganda politik di media. Kemunculan gerakan laskar siber ini dilihat signifikan pada Pilihan Raya Umum ke-12 dan semakin aktif pada Pilihan Raya ke-14. Sejajar dengan perkembangan ini, isu politik laskar siber ini mula mendapat perhatian sarjana yang mengkaji tentang kewujudan dan peranannya dalam konteks politik di Malaysia. Namun, kajian berkaitan pendefinisian istilah politik laskar siber ini masih terhad sehingga istilah ini turut disamakan dengan konsep ‘netizen’ dan jaguh siber. Ketiadaan definisi yang sesuai bagi menggambarkan laskar siber di Malaysia menyebabkan wujudnya stigma negatif dalam kalangan masyarakat. Oleh itu, kajian ini menganalisis definisi dan tipologi politik laskar siber di Malaysia dengan menggunakan kerangka konseptual political astroturfing. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif menerusi instrumen temu bual bersama 10 informan yang terdiri daripada golongan akademik, laskar siber dan aktivis politik serta kajian perpustakaan. Berdasarkan analisis tematik, dapatan menunjukkan definisi istilah laskar siber merujuk kepada pihak yang diupah menjadi agen perantara antara pemimpin dengan rakyat untuk menyampaikan sesuatu isu yang boleh mempengaruhi pemikiran masyarakat di media sosial. Terdapat beberapa tipologi laskar siber yang dikenal pasti antaranya ialah kumpulan ini melakukan kerja secara terancang dan teratur menggunakan akaun palsu untuk menutup identiti asal mereka, menerima upah dan memanipulasi berita di media sosial. Secara keseluruhannya, kajian ini telah membangunkan kerangka konsep dan tipologi politik laskar siber di Malaysia bagi memahami dengan lebih mendalam peranan mereka. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat mewujudkan kesedaran dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang kewujudan politik laskar siber di negara ini. Kata kunci: Politik laskar siber, definisi, tipologi, kualitatif, Malaysia.
Kaedah Adaptasi Sastera pada Filem: Satu Kajian Perbandingan antara Cerpen Amerika ‘Barn Burning’ dengan Filem Melayu “Kaki Bakar”
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Hamid Mohamed Nazreen Shahul
Published: October 2023

“Kaki Bakar” adalah sebuah filem adaptasi sastera berasaskan sebuah cerpen Amerika, ‘Barn Burning’. Filem tersebut lakon layarnya ditulis serta diarah oleh U-Wei Haji Saari dan terbit pada tahun 1995. Di sebalik kejayaan dan juga kekuatan yang dimiliki filem ini, kajian secara ilmiah masih tidak banyak dilakukan terutamanya berkaitan adaptasi sastera. Oleh itu, objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kaedah adaptasi yang digunakan pengarah filem dan penulis lakon layar dalam mentransformasi cerpen ‘Barn Burning’ kepada filem “Kaki Bakar”. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif bersifat deskriptif. Kaedah ini diaplikasikan dengan melakukan perbandingan terhadap kedua-dua karya tersebut berpandukan teori adaptasi sastera. Perbandingan ini terbahagi kepada empat bahagian, iaitu bahagian yang ditambah, bahagian yang dibuang, bahagian yang dikekalkan dan juga bahagian yang diubahsuai. Melalui perbandingan yang dilakukan, kajian mendapati bahawa U-Wei menggunakan kaedah “interweaving” dalam mengadaptasi cerpen ‘Barn Burning’ kepada filem “Kaki Bakar”. U-Wei mengambil hampir sepenuhnya elemen naratif yang terkandung dalam cerpen ‘Barn Burning’ dan kemudian melakukan pengubahsuaian tertentu mengikut kehendak filem yang berlatarkan Alam Melayu dan bukannya Amerika seperti mana cerpen tersebut. Kajian ini penting bagi mengisi kelompangan kajian terdahulu dan juga menjadi rujukan kepada industri perfileman dalam usaha mengangkat karya sastera luar menjadi filem tempatan yang berkualiti. Kata kunci: Adaptasi, sastera, kajian bandingan, cerpen Amerika, filem Melayu.
Articulating Islamist Sectarian Group Antagonism Memes on the Indonesian Politics
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Mahadian Adi Bayu , Hashim Rohani ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Mustafa Hasrina ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: October 2023

Polarisation among Indonesians has arisen after the presidential rematch in the 2019 presidential election. It stimulated the repressive action of the Jokowi government has made Indonesian democracy to be on decline. Some scholars consider this as an atavism of an entrenching ideological conflict since hundreds of years ago between nationalism vs. Islamism. However, we argue that polarisation is more complex than what we expected before. This article examines the Islamist grassroots discourses to get an alternative perspective regarding the resurrection of conservatism in Indonesia. We collected and analysed qualitatively data of internet memes during the 2019 Indonesia Presidential campaign. We argue that antagonism occurred among the Islamist sectarian groups as a continuation of the Aksi Bela Islam (The Defending Islam Movement) in 2016. The antagonism among the groups indicates the rise of the Islamic radical-conservatism groups through the presentation of the antagonism between Islam Nusantara and Islamist puristic movement. The Islamic radical-conservatism group has successfully exploited the anti-Ahok movement with the Bela Islam (defending Islam) discourse. However, using Islamist issues during the 2019 presidential election has represented the triumph of the Politics of Islam: Islamization of Indonesian political ideology. Islam has harmonised into nationalism and secularism despite the internet memes' incoherent and irrational language. The triumph of Islamic hegemony transformed and infected Indonesia's political ideology. Islam has become an obligatory symbol in Indonesian politics. Keywords: Islam conservatism, politics of Islam, political internet memes, Indonesian Politics, humorous political communication.
Fakta Sejarah dan Proses Kreatif Filem Mat Kilau: Kebangkitan Pahlawan (2022)
Authors:   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Abdul Halim Siti Nur Izra Safra' , Abdullah Nur Afifah Vanitha ,   Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Published: October 2023

Filem Mat Kilau: Kebangkitan Pahlawan (2022) merupakan filem sejarah arahan Syamsul Yusuf yang berinspirasikan tokoh sejarah Mat Kilau. Filem ini telah berjaya meraih gelaran ‘box office’ dengan kutipan sebanyak RM 90 juta dalam tempoh 33 hari tayangan. Walaupun filem ini mendapat kutipan yang tinggi, terdapat beberapa ahli akademik telah mendakwa fakta sejarah dalam filem ini adalah tidak benar. Sehubungan dengan itu, artikel ini bertujuan menjawab persoalan “apakah proses kreatif yang telah dilalui oleh filem Mat Kilau: Kebangkitan Pahlawan (2022) bersandarkan kepada sejarah tokoh Mat Kilau?”. Bagi menjawab persoalan ini, aspek watak dan perwatakan, peristiwa serta budaya akan diteliti dengan membandingkan filem dengan sejarah tokoh Mat Kilau berdasarkan teori intertekstualiti. Data bagi artikel ini diperoleh daripada reka bentuk kajian kualitatif. Metodologi utama bagi memperoleh data kajian adalah dengan kaedah analisis kandungan. Dapatan kajian yang dirakam dalam artikel ini adalah aspek watak dan perwatakan serta peristiwa dalam filem Mat Kilau: Kebangkitan Pahlawan (2022) telah mengalami tiga prinsip intertekstualiti iaitu transformasi, ekspansi dan eksistensi. Manakala, aspek budaya dalam filem ini telah mengalami prinsip transformasi serta modifikasi. Aspek budaya yang mengalami prinsip tersebut dapat dikategorikan kepada budaya kebendaan yang meliputi senjata dan busana serta budaya bukan kebendaan seperti silat dan bahasa pertuturan. Kata kunci: Adaptasi, filem Melayu, filem sejarah, kritikan filem, Mat Kilau.
Print Media Transformation to Digital Platform: Case Study of Neraca Economic Daily Mediamorphosis
Authors:   University of Indonesia, Amrihani Haresti Asysy , Wahyudi Irfan ,   Airlangga University, Indonesia, Suryandaru Yayan Sakti ,   Airlangga University, Indonesia
Published: October 2023

This research explains the mediamorphosis process of Neraca Economic Daily which gradually transformed to online media due to the disruption of communication technology by using Roger Fidler’s Mediamorphosis Theory and Media Economic Theory. By the time new communication media comes into existence; the current (or old) forms will not disappear, instead it will keep evolving and adapting. Technological determinism can shape human thoughts and behaviour in a social environment. Therefore, it may direct them to shift from one technological era to another. This research aims to see how the transition of the Neraca Economy Daily, from print media to online media and e-paper due to the disruption of information technology. This research uses descriptive qualitative approaches with interview method. The economic media theory is used to see how the Neraca economic daily sees the opportunity to maintain its media amidst the onslaught of digital disruption. Data used for this research was obtained from interviews, books, articles from national and international journals, media reports and documents which are relevant to this research. This study found that the management of Neraca economic daily keeps trying to produce newspapers everyday despite a small profit margin due to declining circulation. In the meantime, the management of Neraca Economic Daily also publishes an online version (neraca.co.id) and e-paper to maintain the presence of the daily while at the same time trying to find advertisements to maintain the media. Keywords: Mass media, vanishing newspaper, mediamorphosis, media economic, Neraca economic daily.
“Beer is Haram!” Representation of Islam by Online Newspapers in Malaysia on the Issue of Better Beer Festival & Oktoberfest
Authors:   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Mohd Sofian Muhammad Raqib , Abu Hasan Nurul Nadirah ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kamarulbaid Afiqah Mior ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Mustafa Muhamad Zaki ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Mohd Noor Shah Nurul Fathihin ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Mustaffa Norsimaa ,   Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Published: October 2023

The representation of Islam in the media has been widely discussed by media scholars. In the Malaysian context, Islam is frequently associated with conflicts resulting from political issues or actions taken by religious authorities against any organisation or individual that sparks public debate. The government is also alleged to use Islam as a hegemonic tool to continue dominating the mindset of the lower class by using religion as a political weapon to gain power and maintain the status quo. Newspapers especially those owned by the government have certain ideologies to convey to the general public in order to maintain a specific existing social order. This causes the controversial issues pertaining to Islam to be frequently discussed in the news media in tandem with the vested interest of those owning the newspapers. However, the discourse on issues involving Islam has become more daring after the emergence of digital news portals that enable hegemonic counterarguments to be discussed widely among members in the mentioned medium. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore how Islam and Muslims are represented in online newspapers in Malaysia. Two samples from English-language online newspapers, namely The Star Online and Malaysiakini, were selected. By using quantitative and qualitative content analysis, the findings of this study show that Islam, Islamic political parties, and some Muslims in Malaysia have been represented as extremists and backwards by online newspapers. Keywords: Representation of Islam, Malaysian media, online newspapers, Islam, content analysis.
The Preference of Social Networking Sites and Uncertainty Reduction Strategies Towards Information on COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors:   Universiti Utara Malaysia, Mat Saad Mohd Zuwairi , Syed Lokman Hakim Sharifah Nor Atiqah ,   Universiti Utara Malaysia
Published: October 2023

At the end of 2019, the world showcased a lethal outbreak of COVID-19, which was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic in March 2020. As this outbreak has spread worldwide, including in Malaysia, several alternatives were undertaken by the government to curb this spread including introduce a vaccination program for the community. This program is believed to make most of the community worried or uncertain since it is still newly introduced. In reducing people's worries and uncertainties regarding COVID-19 vaccination, searching for information via social networking sites (SNS) will likely reduce their uncertainty. This study aims to determine the most preferred SNS used by people of middle age to reduce uncertainty regarding information on COVID-19 vaccination. This study also aimed to identify the factors that contribute to middle-aged people's preferences for SNS to reduce their uncertainty about COVID-19 vaccination, as well as the uncertainty reduction strategies (URSs) used by middle-aged people over preferred SNS to reduce their level of uncertainty about COVID-19 vaccination. Uncertainty Reduction Theory was used as the underpinning theory for this study. This study employed a qualitative approach in which an in-depth e-interview was conducted over a Google Meet platform. The results showed that Facebook is the most preferred SNS the informants use to reduce uncertainty regarding COVID-19 vaccination. This study also found information authority to be the most important factor for SNS preference. Finally, the study also discovered that the passive strategy is the most commonly employed method used by informants to reduce information uncertainties regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccination, social networking sites, Uncertainty Reduction Theory, information.
Youth Participation in Religious Activities and Nation Character Development in Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia, Yuliawati Elly
Published: October 2023

Almost every religion involves youth participation in activities; signifying growing awareness of the need for youths in the continuity of religious practices and vice versa, as young people depend on religion as a basis for good character in facing the challenges of their time. This study examines youth participation in understanding religion, especially Islam, and why participating in religious activities establishes itself in the context of migratory or young migrants. In doing so, this study explores the what, why and how forms of youth participation in such religious activities contribute to the development of national character. Further to this, youth participation in the Hijrah Fest is in line with the theory of a relational development system where relationships that occur between individuals such as youths in particular strengthen each other to form an independent hijrah community. Using qualitative methods, this study found that the Hijrah Fest is a social capital for the community, whose activities encourage many young people to be independent, work together and develop good morals. This is in line with the state's goal of developing the character of Indonesian youth. Hijrah Fest is also supports the vision of the Indonesian government in realizing a sovereign, independent youth personalities through such collaboration. Keywords: Youth participation, religion, hijrah fest, religious moderation, nation character.
The Effect of Marigold Leaf Ethanol Extract on Inhibin B Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Rizkita Inneke Noer , Darsini Ninik , Agustinus
Published: October 2023

Cigarette smoke can cause oxidative damage because the amount of free radicals (oxidants) generated is far greater than the endogenous antioxidant capacity of cells. Inhibin B is used as an indicator of reproductive function in men. The content of antioxidants present in marigold leaves (Tagetes erecta), can maintain reproductive function. This study aims to analyze differences in levels of inhibin B resulting from the administration of marigold leaf ethanol extract (EDM) to mice (Mus musculus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This investigation is a laboratory experimental study with a randomized posttest-only control group design. There were 40 mice divided into 5 groups (8 mice/group). K- was only given a placebo, K+ was given a placebo and exposed to cigarette smoke 1 cigarette per day, P1 was exposed to cigarette smoke 1 cigarette per day + EDM 0.25g/kg-BW, P2 was exposed to cigarette smoke 1 cigarette per day + EDM 0.5 g/kg-BW, P3 was exposed to cigarette smoke 1 cigarette per day + EDM 1.0 g/kg-BW. The results showed that there was a significant difference between groups in the inhibin B variable with a p-value of 0.000. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference in inhibin B levels between the K+ group with P1, P2, and P3, and the K- group with P1, P2, and P3. The average levels of inhibin B K- 0.672 ng/L; K+ 0.615 ng/L; P1 0.340ng/L; P2 0.299 ng/L; P3 0.284ng/L. The findings of this research indicate that administering an ethanol extract derived from marigold leaves to mice subjected to cigarette smoke leads to a decrease in inhibin B levels in spermatogenesis.
Determination of Mitotic Index and Evaluation of Cytogenotoxicity of Oxyfluorfen Using Allium Cepa Root Tip Meristematic Cells
Authors: Amanchi Nageswara Rao , Apoorva Degala , Venkanna Bandaru , Natarajan Gowthaman , Ravi Gunti
Published: October 2023

The present study aimed to investigate Oxyfluorfen induced cytogenotoxicity employing Allium cepa meristematic cells as test models. The root length inhibition was determined exposing the meristematic cells to eleven Oxyfluorfen concentrations such as 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9ppm and 1ppm against controls and the inhibition was statistically (p<0.05) significant at 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1ppm and insignificant for the rest. The root length was drastically reduced at 0.3ppm and complete at 1ppm. The significant change in cell shape and structure was observed at 0.4 & 0.5ppm when compared to 0.01 & 0.1ppm. The mitotic index was calculated considering interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase as cell cycle stages out of one thousand cells. The per cent mitotic index of 0.01, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4ppm and 0.5ppm concentrations was found to be 49, 32.8, 29.4, 0, 32.8 and 51.4 respectively and this result significantly correlates with root length inhibition studies. Cell cycle check points will block or delay the progression of mitosis due to pesticide interference with mitotic phase duration, making some phases more frequent than others. Therefore, it is established that Oxyfluorfen is cytogenotoxic to Allium cepa meristematic cells and this technique is very convenient to assess how toxic substances bring abnormality at cell and organelles level.
Evaluation of the Effect of Pollution on the Level of Antioxidant Enzymes in Freshwater Fishes
Authors: S Maneemegalai , P Jasmin Lena , M Uma , S.D. Saraswathy
Published: October 2023

To assess the impact of polluted water on fishes, biochemical studies were carried out to determine the biochemical alterations in tissues of fishes collected from the control and upstream, midstream and downstream sites of the Varahanadhi river in Tamil Nadu, India. Two fish species such as Catla (Catla catla) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala) were taken and the tissues such as liver and kidney were excised and tissue homogenate was prepared. Using the tissue homogenate lipid peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide, CAT and SOD activity, GPx activity, GR and GST activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E was estimated. An increase in lipid peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide level was observed in all the organs of fishes collected from the downstream site when compared with the control, upstream and midstream site of the river. A decrease in CAT and SOD activity and in non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E, increased Glutathione reductase and GST activities was observed in the fishes collected from the downstream site. These changes might be due to the exposure of fish to pollutants, industrial waste and heavy metals present in water sample causing adverse effects on fishes inhabiting the river.
Antimicrobial activity of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium 1-35
Authors: Brazhnik Evgenii  A. , Bikonia Svetlana  N. , Laptev Georgii  Yu.
Published: October 2023

The study examines the search for alternative solutions to replace feed antibiotics for poultry farming. During the study of the probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium 1-35, its antimicrobial properties against some pathogenic microorganisms were established. Using a bioinformatics approach, genes for non-ribosomal peptide synthetases were discovered in the genome of Enterococcus faecium 1-35. A synthesis product of which is believed to have biological activity. Enterococcus faecium strain 1-35, capable of synthesizing active peptide products, can be regarded as an alternative solution when replacing feed antibiotics. The results obtained require additional studies of practical application to confirm the expected effect.
Contextualizing the Health Promotion of Breastfeeding: An integrative Review of Parent and Provider experiences in Canada
Authors: Deo Hermandeep , Ojukwu Emmanuela , Boschma Geertje
Published: October 2023

Improving the rates of breastfeeding has been a prime interest of Public Health Nurses focusing on health promotional strategies as outlined by the World Health Organization. However, evidence of the perceptions held by perinatal families regarding the encouragement to breastfeed is lacking. With the goal of uncovering existing research, an integrative review was conducted, retrieving nine studies. Themes included: variables of delivery (beliefs and ambiguity), outcomes of receivers (expectations, emotions, empowerment verses pressure), and contextual factors (social, cultural, and political forces). Notable differences between the experiences of women in differing social locations were found. The results demonstrate a need for professionals and policymakers to consider the nuanced ways in which individuals experience breastfeeding health promotional messaging. Unintended impacts of this strategy potentially widen breastfeeding inequities between the groups most and least advantaged in society. The diversity of Canadians was found to be vastly underrepresented in the literature.
Effects of mHealth on kidney disease knowledge, stress management and adherence to treatment among hemodialysis patients in selected regions of Kenya
Authors: Muchangi Josphat M. , K. Gachuki John , Kimathi George
Published: October 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global health issue, causing over 1.1 million deaths annually, with prevalence rates especially high in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite governmental efforts to provide hemodialysis treatment in places like Kenya, challenges such as late diagnoses, low public awareness, and a systemic shortage of healthcare workers persist. mHealth interventions, which have shown promise in over 30 low- and middle-income countries, offer a potential solution to enhance treatment adherence and improve self-care, although more research is needed to validate their efficacy compared to traditional educational methods.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study assessed mHealth interventions on hemodialysis patients in Kenya, targeting knowledge, treatment adherence, and psychosocial support. 132 adults participated from April 2021 to January 2023. The treatment group got mobile messaging for nine months; controls didn't. Data, gathered via questionnaires, was analyzed with Open Data Kit and statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), maintaining ethical standards.
Results: The mHealth intervention study found no sociodemographic differences between groups, ensuring validity. Knowledge on kidney disease significantly increased in the intervention group by 68.6% compared to 2.3% in the control group. Medication adherence significantly improved (p<0.001), as did hemodialysis session attendance. Dietary compliance rates equalized over time. Depression levels significantly improved in the intervention group (p=0.001), while initial anxiety favored the control group but worsened (p=0.006). Overall, the intervention was effective in improving knowledge, treatment adherence, and mental health.
Conclusions: The study validated the effectiveness of mHealth in enhancing knowledge on kidney diseases, improving medication and treatment adherence, and reducing depression among hemodialysis patients.
Prevalence of positive group B streptococcal infections among pregnant women in Najran, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshahrani Majed S. , Aedh Abdullah I.
Published: October 2023

Background: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the most common bacterium to infect women during pregnancy, and vaginal GBS colonisation is a risk factor for newborn GBS illness. The presence of GBS in the woman during labour is thought to be accurately predicted by GBS detection in the final five weeks before to delivery. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of GBS genital infections among pregnant women in Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at the Armed Forces Hospital in Saudi Arabia. The study included data from electronic health records of all pregnant women who were examined and tested for genitourinary GBS infection in the hospital. Data was retrieved using a pre-designed form that included characteristic of the pregnant women, the gestational age at the time of GBS testing, and swap result of GBS. For each positive GBS swap, the antibiotic sensitivity against twenty-one antibiotics was recorded.
Results: A total of 2308 pregnant women were included. The mean age was 32±7 years. The prevalence of positive GBS swap was 10.4%. The average gestational age of the women who had a positive swap was 34±9 weeks. Regarding antibiotics sensitivity, Penicillin (86.7%), Ampicillin (61.8%) and cephalexin (55.6%) were among the antibiotics that showed the highest sensitivity rates.
Conclusions: We found an isolation rate of 10.4% of GBS among pregnant women who attended Najran Armed Forces Hospital. We recommend more comprehensive screening programs and strict management plans to avoid antimicrobial resistance to spread among these GBS strains.