bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrative inference of subclonal tumour evolution from single-cell and bulk sequencing data
Authors: Malikic Salem , Jahn Katharina , Kuipers Jack , Sahinalp S. Cenk , Beerenwinkel Niko
Published: December 2017

Understanding the evolutionary history and subclonal composition of a tumour represents one of the key challenges in overcoming treatment failure due to resistant cell populations. Most of the current data on tumour genetics stems from short read bulk sequencing data. While this type of data is characterised by low sequencing noise and cost, it consists of aggregate measurements across a large number of cells. It is therefore of limited use for the accurate detection of the distinct cellular populations present in a tumour and the unambiguous inference of their evolutionary relationships. Single-cell DNA sequencing instead provides data of the highest resolution for studying intra-tumour heterogeneity and evolution, but is characterised by higher sequencing costs and elevated noise rates. In this work, we develop the first computational approach that infers trees of tumour evolution from combined single-cell and bulk sequencing data. Using a comprehensive set of simulated data, we show that our approach systematically outperforms existing methods with respect to tree reconstruction accuracy and subclone identification. High fidelity reconstructions are obtained even with a modest number of single cells. We also show that combining single-cell and bulk sequencing data provides more realistic mutation histories for real tumours.
Cultivation and genomic analysis ofCandidatusNitrosocaldus islandicus, a novel obligately thermophilic ammonia-oxidizingThaumarchaeon
Authors: Daebeler Anne , Herbold Craig , Vierheilig Julia , Sedlacek Christopher J. , Pjevac Petra , Albersten Mads , Kirkegaard Rasmus H. , de la Torre José R. , Daims Holger , Wagner Michael
Published: December 2017

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) within the phylumThaumarchaeaare the only known aerobic ammonia oxidizers in geothermal environments. Although molecular data indicate the presence of phylogenetically diverse AOA from theNitrosocaldusclade, group 1.1b and group 1.1aThaumarchaeain terrestrial high-temperature habitats, only one enrichment culture of an AOA thriving above 50 °C has been reported and functionally analyzed. In this study, we physiologically and genomically characterized a novelThaumarchaeonfrom the deep-branchingNitrosocaldaceaefamily of which we have obtained a high (∼85 %) enrichment from biofilm of an Icelandic hot spring (73 °C). This AOA, which we provisionally refer to as “CandidatusNitrosocaldus islandicus”, is an obligately thermophilic, aerobic chemolithoautotrophic ammonia oxidizer, which stoichiometrically converts ammonia to nitrite at temperatures between 50 °C and 70 °C.Ca.N. islandicus encodes the expected repertoire of enzymes proposed to be required for archaeal ammonia oxidation, but unexpectedly lacks anirKgene and also possesses no identifiable other enzyme for nitric oxide (NO) generation. Nevertheless, ammonia oxidation by this AOA appears to be NO-dependent asCa.N. islandicus is, like all other tested AOA, inhibited by the addition of an NO scavenger. Furthermore, comparative genomics revealed thatCa.N. islandicus has the potential for aromatic amino acid fermentation as its genome encodes an indolepyruvate oxidoreductase(iorAB)as well as a type 3b hydrogenase, which are not present in any other sequenced AOA. A further surprising genomic feature of this thermophilic ammonia oxidizer is the absence of DNA polymerase D genes - one of the predominant replicative DNA polymerases in all other ammonia-oxidizingThaumarchaea.Collectively, our findings suggest that metabolic versatility and DNA replication might differ substantially between obligately thermophilic and other AOA.
School and emotional well-being: a transcultural analysis on youth in Southern Spain
Authors: Soriano Encarnación , Cala Verónica C.C.
Published: December 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to assess and compare school well-being (SW) and emotional well-being (EW) among Romanian, Moroccan and Spanish youth, to determine the degree of relation between EW and scholar well-being.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper employed cross-sectional research with cluster sampling in two primary schools and seven secondary schools. The questionnaire Kidscreen-27 was distributed to a sample of 1,840 Romanian, Moroccan and Spanish students aged between 10 and 19 years old. Data analysis was conducted with the software package SPSS, version 21.

Findings

EW shows significant gender (gender gap) and origin inequalities (lower performance for the Moroccan community). However, well-being in school shows positive results for the Moroccan students and women. Moreover, EW and well-being at school are presented as related and co-linear variables with a predictive power over one another.

Research limitations/implications

Understanding cultural expressions in heterogeneous cultures is a very complex task. Despite the cultural adaptation and validation of instruments, the applied surveys could not consider cultural differences.

Practical implications

The paper underlines that gender and origin remain decisive and determinant for adolescent health. However, the school can have positive effects on the well-being of immigrants. The reasons for well-being need to be explored, and it would be useful to develop educative strategies to implement transcultural EW and SW.

Originality/value

It is the first study about SW and EW of immigrants in Spain that explains a better SW in immigrants groups. It is also relevant for applied school intervention to predict the relationship between EW and SW.
The Federal Reserve and retail payments: a historical review
Authors: Lall Ashish
Published: December 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive historical review of the role of the Federal Reserve in retail payments in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach

It reviews the literature on the role of the Federal Reserve and assessments of its involvement.

Findings

In addition to its oversight and operational role, the Federal Reserve has conducted R&D and facilitated technology adoption. It has provided effective competition to the private sector without subsidies.

Research limitations/implications

The Federal Reserve has served the public interest and private networks have benefited from the “visible hand” of government.

Practical implications

Migration to electronic payments will likely change its role from an operator to setting standards for safety and security.

Originality/value

The historical review provides context against which the future strategy of the Federal Reserve may be assessed.
Vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review based on data free of Hawthorne effect
Authors: Zhang Y , Gong Y , Xue H , Xiong J , Cheng G
Published: December 2017

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent disorder, associated with low blood vitamin D level.

Objectives

To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and GDM.

Search strategy

EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and China Biology Medicine disc were searched up to May 2017. The references of previous studies were screened.

Selection criteria

Observational studies on the relationship between vitamin D and GDM free from Hawthorne effect and randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy for preventing or treating GDM were included.

Data collection and analysis

Data and information of included articles were extracted by duplicate using piloted tables. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Handbook were used for quality assessment. Random‐effects models were used for meta‐analyses. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analysis and analysis of publication bias were conducted.

Main results

Eighty‐seven observational studies and 25 randomised controlled trials involving 55 859 and 2445 women, respectively, were included. Low blood vitamin D level during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of GDM (OR 1.850, 95% CI 1.471–2.328). Blood vitamin D level for women with GDM were lower than in the control women. Blood vitamin D level was associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR) (r = −0.100 and r = −0.351), whereas the correlation between blood vitamin D level and fasting insulin (FINS) might be concealed by publication bias. Vitamin D intervention during pregnancy could change the blood levels of vitamin D, FINS, FPG, HOMA‐IR, glutathione, C‐reactive protein and lipid.

Conclusions

Low blood vitamin D level could increase the risk of GDM, and vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy could ameliorate the condition of GDM.

Tweetable abstract

Low blood vitamin D increases gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Vitamin D supplementation ameliorates GDM condition.
Molecular viability testing of viable but non‐culturable bacteria induced by antibiotic exposure
Authors: Lee Seunguk , Bae Sungwoo
Published: December 2017

Nucleic acid amplification‐based methods are limited by their inability to discriminate between viable and dead cells. To overcome this drawback, propidium monoazide (PMA) combined with qPCR has been used to differentiate viable from nonviable cells in environmental samples. However, assessing bacterial physiology using PMA‐qPCR remains a challenge due to its incapability of detecting metabolic activities, leading to overestimation of the viable bacteria population under an inactivation condition (e.g. antibiotic treatments). A recent advanced technique to amplify ribosomal RNA precursors (pre‐rRNA) has been shown to detect viable cells because pre‐rRNAs are intermediates in rRNA synthesis. This study investigated the effect of different types of antibiotics on the bacterial viability or viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state using both PMA‐qPCR and pre‐rRNA analyses with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa was more sensitive to colistin than it was to carbenicillin, gentamicin and levofloxacin. We could discriminate VBNCP. aeruginosa cells using PMA‐qPCR when antibiotic pressure induced the VBNC state. Also, pre‐rRNA was able to distinguish viable cells from colistin‐inactivated bacteria cells, and it could detect the presence of VBNC and persister cells. Our results showed that these two molecular methods could successfully eliminate false‐positive signals derived from antibiotics‐inactivated cells.
Insider trading and the post‐earnings announcement drift
Authors: Dargenidou Christina , Tonks Ian , Tsoligkas Fanis
Published: December 2017

We show that trades by corporate insiders after an earnings announcement determine in part the extent of the post‐earnings announcement drift anomaly. Contrarian trades mitigate the under‐reaction to earnings announcements, and confirmatory trades allow for price discovery with price movements continuing in the same direction as the earnings surprise. These results are consistent with insider trading being a mechanism that provides relevant information on transitory or permanent changes to the earnings process, allowing the market to make appropriate inferences about the nature of the earnings surprise.
Optimization principles and the figure of merit for triboelectric generators
Authors: Peng Jun , Kang Stephen Dongmin , Snyder G. Jeffrey
Published: December 2017

Maximizing output power density with design parameters.
Postocclusional Hyperemia for Fractional Flow Reserve After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kawase Yoshiaki , Omori Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Masanori , Tanigaki Toru , Hirata Tetsuo , Okamoto Syuuichi , Ota Hideaki , Kikuchi Jun , Okubo Munenori , Kamiya Hiroki , Hirakawa Akihiro , Suzuki Takahiko , Matsuo Hitoshi
Published: December 2017

Background—

Postocclusional hyperemia caused by balloon occlusion is a potential alternative method of inducing hyperemia for measuring post-percutaneous coronary intervention fractional flow reserve (FFR). The aim of this study was to investigate postocclusional hyperemia as a method of inducing hyperemia.

Methods and Results—

FFR measured by postocclusional hyperemia (FFRoccl) caused by balloon occlusion after percutaneous coronary intervention was compared with FFR measured by drug-induced hyperemia (FFR measured by intravenous ATP; and FFR measured by intracoronary papaverine injection [FFRpap]) in 98 lesions from 98 patients. The hyperemia duration was also measured for FFRoccl and FFRpap. The correlation coefficient between FFRoccl, FFR measured by intravenous ATP (
r
=0.973;
P
<0.01), and FFRpap (
r
=0.975;
P
<0.01) showed almost identical values to those obtained for the correlation coefficient between FFR measured by intravenous ATP and FFRpap (
r
=0.967;
P
<0.01). No clear difference was observed on Bland–Altman analysis. Hyperemia duration was significantly longer with FFRoccl than with FFRpap (70±22 versus 51±25 s;
P
<0.01).

Conclusions—

Strong correlations were found between FFRoccl and FFR measured by intravenous ATP and FFRoccl and FFRpap. Hyperemia caused by FFRoccl was significantly longer than that caused by FFRpap.
Mortality of Myocardial Infarction by Sex, Age, and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Status in the ACTION Registry–GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry–Get With the Guidelines)
Authors: Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , Mahajan Asha M. , Roe Matthew T. , Hellkamp Anne S. , Chiswell Karen , Gulati Martha , Reynolds Harmony R.
Published: December 2017

Background—

Sex differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) vary by age. MI with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA [<50% stenosis]) is more common among younger patients and women, and MINOCA has a better prognosis than MI with obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD). The relationship between age, sex, and obstructive CAD status and outcomes post-MI has not been established.

Methods and Results—

Adults who underwent coronary angiography for acute ST-segment–elevation and non–ST-segment–elevation MI in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry ACTION Registry-GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry–Get With the Guidelines) from 2007 to 2014 were identified. Patients with cardiac arrest, thrombolytic therapy, prior revascularization, or missing demographic or angiographic data were excluded. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events. Demographics, clinical history, presentation, and in-hospital treatments were compared by sex and CAD status (MI-CAD or MINOCA). Mortality and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed by age, sex, and CAD status. Among 322 523 patients with MI, MINOCA occurred in 18 918 (5.9%). MINOCA was more common in women than men (10.5% versus 3.4%;
P
<0.0001), and women had higher mortality than men overall (3.6% versus 2.4%;
P
<0.0001). In-hospital mortality was lower after MINOCA than MI-CAD (1.1% versus 2.9%;
P
<0.0001). Among patients with MI-CAD, women had higher mortality than men (3.9% versus 2.4%;
P
<0.0001) while no sex difference in mortality was observed with MINOCA (1.1% versus 1.0%;
P
=0.84). The higher risk of post-MI death among women with MI-CAD was most pronounced at younger ages.

Conclusions—

MINOCA was associated with lower mortality than MI-CAD. Higher risk of post-MI death among women in comparison to men was restricted to patients with MI-CAD.
Outpatient negative pressure dressing therapy for pretibial lacerations in a patient with high anaesthetic risk: a case study
Authors: Sutton L. , Edwards D , McColl M.
Published: December 2017

Pretibial lacerations are a common cause of presentation to accident and emergency departments. The management of these wounds is contentious with a variation in practise between individual institutions. We present the case of a 49-year-old female with a background of pulmonary atresia and associated pulmonary hypertension, who underwent successful outpatient negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for three pretibial lacerations. We would propose that this therapy is an effective option for the management of these wounds in independently mobile patients who are at high-risk when under anaesthetic.
Haemodialysis: techniques, anticoagulation and nursing
Authors: Welsh Louise
Published: December 2017

The term ‘dialysis’ is used frequently to describe several different techniques. Intermittent haemodialysis, continuous renal replacement therapy, therapeutic plasma exchange and peritoneal dialysis all effectively remove unwanted substances from a patient's bloodstream. This article discusses these techniques, their indications in practice and the use of both unfractionated heparin and citrate as anticoagulants during these processes. The extensive nursing care and nutritional requirements of these patients will also be discussed.
Civic mediation and social partnership
Authors: McAllister Brendan , Brooker Esther , Rahim Abdul , Cunningham Louise , Tedcastle Sam
Published: December 2017

Civic mediation is an emerging practice within the field of conflict resolution and peace-building. Drawing on the core principles of mediation in addition to wider peace-building concepts, civic mediation was developed to strengthen relations at civic leadership levels in Northern Ireland during intense conflict and societal division. It works at an inter-personal level, focusing on the relationships of people within systems that are relevant to current or historical societal discord. This paper describes the development and principles of civic mediation, and its application in peace-building and reconciliation. It explores the role of mediators in building a common agenda between affected parties and the way in which they can facilitate a process to enable an outcome that is more likely to be accepted by all. It concludes with some suggestions for the future development of civic mediation, including capacity building and evaluation.
Trends in the job market of nurses in the view of managers
Authors: Oliveira Jonas Sâmi Albuquerque de , Pires Denise Elvira Pires de , Alvarez Ângela Maria , Sena Roseni Rosângela de , Medeiros Soraya Maria de , Andrade Selma Regina de
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify and interpret the main trends of the labor market for nurses in Rio Grande do Norte, based on the opinion of managers of training institutions and employers. Method: Data were collected through interviews with key informants, organized using Atlas.ti software resources and examined under the thematic content review. Results: the study showed six trends in the labor market of nurses: availability of professionals to the market; worsening working conditions with precariousness; indication for insertion in employment; unemployment for nurses; shortage of nurses; and the existence of a cooperative of nursing professionals. Final considerations: the current scenario of growth in the number of registered nurses without the expansion of the job supply has remained, unemployment tends to increase and work conditions will worsen.
Training of adolescent multipliers from the perspective of health promotion core competencies
Authors: Silva Kely Vanessa Leite Gomes da , Gonçalves Gleice Adriana Araújo , Santos Shayane Bezerra dos , Machado Maria de Fatima Antero Sousa , Rebouças Cristiana Brasil de Almeida , Silva Viviane Martins da , Ximenes Lorena Barbosa
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: Recognize the domains of health promotion core competencies in the training process of adolescents carried out by nursing students. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study, which used the theoretical methodological contribution Developing Competencies and Professional Standards for Health Promotion Capacity Building in Europe (CompHP), carried out with 14 nursing students. Results: There were four domains: Enable Change; Mediate through Partnership; Communication; and Leadership. These domains came from the interest and commitment of adolescents in intersectoral partnership, the use of communication techniques, and the role of facilitator to catalyze learning and empowerment. Conclusion: There were some domains of core competency in the training of adolescents, suggesting that nursing students act as health promoters. Challenges for Nursing are the implementation of a theoretical contribution of CompHP in undergraduate and ongoing training to carry out health promotion action.
MORPHOANATOMY OF Garcinia madruno (KUNTH) HAMMEL (CLUSIACEAE) UNDER WATERLOGGED CONDITIONS
Authors: ABREU NATÁLIA DO COUTO , BARBOSA SUZANA MARQUES , GURGEL ELY SIMONE CAJUEIRO , CARVALHO WENDELL VILHENA DE
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel is a neotropical tree that naturally occurs in terra firme forests and is important as a source of income and medicine for Amazonian populations. This study describes and compares the morphoanatomical responses of plants under conditions of stress and normoxia. Young plants of Garcinia madruno were subjected to two water regimes: daily controlled irrigation and waterlogged for 84 days. Hypertrophic lenticels, adventitious roots and anatomical characteristics of the roots and leaves were evaluated on days 0, 21, 42, 63 and 84. There were no changes in leaf structure, but cracks and hypertrophic lenticels appeared on the stems, there was an increase in blackness of the roots and the plants formed adventitious roots to adapt to the flooded environment. The anatomical changes in the roots of the flooded plants were thickening of the exodermis in the main root and of the pericycle in the lateral roots, and a large increase in the amount of aerenchyma. Histochemical tests detected starch in the midrib, mesophyll, stem and root of flooded plants, and in the petiole of control plants. In the waterlogged plants, phenolic compounds were found in the petiole and alkaloids were found in the midrib, petiole and root.
HEIDEGGER E OS LIMITES DA MATEMATIZAÇÃO NO CONHECIMENTO DOS ORGANISMOS VIVOS
Authors: Reis Róbson Ramos dos
Published: December 2017

RESUMO No Curso de Inverno de 1928/29, Heidegger afirmou que a matematização irrestrita no conhecimento dos seres vivos resultaria numa falha no propósito de elaborar a ontologia da vida orgânica. No presente artigo, examino as razões que justificam essa concepção. Com base em interpretações das investigações de biólogos como Hans Driesch J. v. Uexküll e Hans Spemann, o argumento de Heidegger integra quatro passos: 1) uma abordagem mereológica do corpo orgânico, concebido como uma unidade funcional de aptidões e intrinsecamente relacionado a um ambiente; 2) uma análise formal da constituição dinâmica das aptidões, cuja estrutura pulsional consiste no atravessamento regulatório de uma dimensão; 3) uma interpretação do princípio de unificação das aptidões em termos da aptidão para comportar-se com algo em um ambiente. Esta argumentação leva a duas conclusões gerais: a matematização irrestrita implica uma descrição mecânica que supõe a desconsideração da determinação modal dos organismos; a estrutura dimensional, regulatória e protointencional das aptidões orgânicas é o fator limitante da matematização da vida.
Relação entre consumo alimentar de vitaminas e minerais, índice de massa corporal e circunferência da cintura: um estudo de base populacional com adultos no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Cembranel Francieli , Hallal Ana Luiza Curi , González-Chica David Alejandro , d’Orsi Eleonora
Published: December 2017

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a associação entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e indicadores de obesidade geral e abdominal. Análise transversal, da segunda onda do estudo longitudinal EpiFloripa Adultos, incluindo 1.222 indivíduos de 22-63 anos, residentes em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Os dados de consumo alimentar foram obtidos mediante aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas, sendo o consumo habitual e as prevalências de inadequação no consumo de cálcio, ferro, zinco, e das vitaminas A, C, D e E estimadas conforme as recomendações do Instituto de Medicina e do Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa dos Estados Unidos. O estado nutricional de obesidade geral foi determinado considerando-se valores do índice de massa corporal (IMC), e a obesidade abdominal, considerando-se valores da circunferência da cintura (CC). Para a maioria dos micronutrientes investigados (cálcio, vitaminas A, C, D e E), as médias de consumo mostraram-se aquém dos valores recomendados, com prevalências elevadas de inadequação para toda a amostra. Somente a inadequação no consumo de vitamina C foi maior entre indivíduos obesos (geral ou abdominal). Além disso, associação inversa foi observada entre o menor consumo de cálcio e ferro com valores maiores do IMC e da CC, e entre o menor consumo das vitaminas A e D com valores maiores da CC (β = -0,92cm; IC95%: -1,76; -0,08 e β = -0,69cm; IC95%: -1,32; -0,06, respectivamente), principalmente entre adultos jovens. Foi possível identificar a existência de associação inversa entre o consumo alimentar inadequado de micronutrientes e o estado nutricional de obesidade geral e abdominal também em uma amostra de adultos residentes no Sul do Brasil.
Occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma in Milchschaf sheep in Uruguay
Authors: García Juan Agustín , Quinteros Carina , Romero Agustín , Dutra Fernando
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT: In this study, the epidemiological and pathological features of an outbreak of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in adult female sheep and a young ram, Friesian Milchschaf breed or crossbreed is described. Seven adult females belonging to an original flock nucleus of 20 animals were affected, as well as a young ram belonging to the same nucleus was affected in other establishment. Multiple verrucous neoplastic masses of several months of evolution were evident in the head region, with local invasion and regional lymph node metastases. Histological studies revealed a cancerous stage of invasion of the dermis and neoplastic proliferation characteristic of invasive SCC, and a pre-cancerous stage with solar elastosis and chronic solar keratosis lesions induced by sunlight. Decrease in latitude, increased level of solar radiation with long exposure to sunlight, and the phenotypic characteristics of the breed are the main factors responsible for the high prevalence of SCC, showing the susceptibility of the Friesian Milchschaf breed and crossbreed in temperate zones as Uruguay.
Práticas reprodutivas lésbicas: reflexões sobre genética e saúde
Authors: Vitule Camila , Machin Rosana , Couto Márcia Thereza
Published: December 2017

Resumo A relação entre ciência, tecnologia e capital, intrínseca às Tecnologias Reprodutivas (TR), torna estas uma possibilidade de escolha reprodutiva e uma alternativa para lésbicas que querem ter filhos. O artigo se propõe a refletir sobre os projetos formulados a partir dos depoimentos de casais de lésbicas que utilizaram ou que tinham planos de utilizar as TR. Foram entrevistados oito casais de mulheres com idade entre 26 e 45 anos, todas autodeclaradas brancas e com nível superior completo, residentes na Grande São Paulo/SP, entre 2010-2011. Os resultados revelam a preferência das entrevistadas pelo doador proveniente de banco de esperma e também a valorização da informação sobre o histórico familiar de saúde do doador. Destaca-se o interesse pela importação de sêmen de banco americano, em razão de uma alegada pouca disponibilidade de amostras no Brasil e por ele conter mais informações sobre os doadores. Assim, ao mesmo tempo que as TR possibilitam uma parentalidade não biológica, a genética é valorizada concorrendo para uma medicalização do parentesco.
IgM ELISA for leptospirosis diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rosa Maria Ines , Reis Maria Fernandes dos , Simon Carla , Dondossola Eduardo , Alexandre Maria Cecília , Colonetti Tamy , Meller Fernanda Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Abstract A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed to estimate the accuracy of IgM ELISA for Leptospirosis diagnosis. A search of Medline, Lilacs, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Grey literature (Google Scholar and British Library) was conducted. The medical subject headings (MeSHs) and the words “leptospirosis”, “human leptospirosis” and “IgM ELISA” were used. Fifty-two studies were analyzed, which included 10,775 samples. The pooled sensitivity of all the studies was 86% (CI 95%, 85%-87%) and specificity was 90% (CI 95%, 89%-91%). In studies of the acute phase, the sensitivity and specificity were 84% (CI 95%, 82%-85%) and 91% (CI 95%, 90%-91%), respectively. In conclusion, IgM ELISA is sensitive for use as an initial screen for leptospiral infections.
Self-reported and measured weight, height and body mass index for the diagnosis of the nutritional status in people living with HIV/AIDS
Authors: LIMA Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de , MEDEIROS Amira Rose Costa , MEDEIROS Leidyanny Barbosa de , SALERNO Amanda Amaiy Pessoa , MORAES Ronei Marcos de , VIANNA Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Objective To validate self-reported weight and height data for people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 481 people living with HIV/AIDS seen at a reference unit in João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil, between September and December 2015, 99 (20.5%) of whom had their weight and height measured. The intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the relationship between the self-reported and measured weight, height and body mass index values, and linear regression analysis was used to generate equations to predict weight and height. It were significant p-value under 5% for statistic tests applied. Results In the sample with measured values, 57.6% of men, with a mean age of 44 years old and a mean income per capita equivalent to US$145.50, high correlations (r>0.90) between the self-reported and measured values for weight, height and body mass index were observed. The accuracy was 92.6%, and the Kappa coefficient was greater than 0.85. Women tended to underestimate weight and overestimate height. The men overestimated weight and underestimated height. The intraclass correlation coefficients were greater than 0.95. Conclusion The use of self-reported measures of weight, height and body mass index for nutritional assessment of people living with HIV/AIDS is valid and must be considered for similar populations when time and resources are limiting factors.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome among obese individuals: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Modena Débora Aparecida Oliveira , Cazzo Everton , Cândido Elaine Cristina , Baltieri Letícia , Silveira Luciana Jaroslavsky Bueno da , Almeida Ana Maria Neder de , Gobato Renata Cristina , Chaim Elinton Adami
Published: December 2017

Summary Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a respiratory illness, characterized by recurrent episodes of apnea and hypopnea, leading to reduction or cessation of the airflow. Obesity is one of the major risk factors for the development of OSAS. To help in the diagnosis of this disease, easily applicable and low-cost questionnaries were developed, such as the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ). Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the BQ for the screening of OSAS among candidates to bariatric surgery in a multidisciplinary preoperative program. Method: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study which evaluated obese individuals that were being prepared for bariatric surgery by means of the BQ. Results: BQ was able to detect that minimal variations in the body mass index, neck circumference and hip-to-waist ratio lead to changes in the risk to develop OSAS; the higher the values of these variables, the higher the risk for OSAS development. Conclusion: BQ was an efficient and reliable tool to demonstrate the high risk for OSAS development in individual with obesity.
O SINTAGMA IDENTIDADE-METAMORFOSE-EMANCIPAÇÃO E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CONSTRUTO MUNDO DA VIDA
Authors: Souza Filho José Alves de , Santos Beatriz Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Resumo O presente artigo objetiva discorrer acerca das relações entre o sintagma Identidade-Metamorfose-Emancipação e o construto Mundo da Vida. Realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica dentro da perspectiva da Psicologia Social Crítica que discute o sintagma supracitado. Privilegiamos aqueles que ofereceram subsídios históricos e epistemológicos para a compreensão do pensamento de Antonio Ciampa e colaboradores e as relações com o pensamento habermasiano mediante o construto Mundo da Vida. Iniciamos as discussões apresentando a formação histórica do pensamento de Ciampa junto à Psicologia Social. Posteriormente, expusemos a consolidação do sintagma Identidade-Metamorfose-Emancipação devido à aproximação com a Teoria Crítica de Jürgen Habermas e as colaborações de Aluísio Lima e Juraci Almeida. Em seguida, discorremos acerca das dimensões do Mundo da Vida mediante sua vinculação com o pensamento filosófico e sociológico de Edmund Husserl, Alfred Schutz, Peter Berger e Thomas Luckmann. Por fim, apresentamos novos interesses de pesquisa como exemplos da própria metamorfose do sintagma.
“DEVEMOS CONTINUAR?” IDENTIDADE, HISTÓRIA E UTOPIA DO EDUCADOR DE RUA
Authors: Souza Aline Moura de Melo , Ciampa Antonio Costa
Published: December 2017

Resumo O propósito deste trabalho foi refletir como os educadores de rua articulam o pensamento utópico com o pensamento histórico, a partir dos relatos de suas experiências ao longo de quinze anos. O sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação (Ciampa, 2003) e os conceitos de pensamento utópico e pensamento histórico (Habermas, 1987) formam o arcabouço teórico que embasa a presente pesquisa. Utilizamos na coleta de dados a entrevista “não diretiva centrada” (Minayo, 1999). Observou-se que é possível articular história e utopia. O estudo indica que, para que essa articulação seja possível, é necessário que o sujeito tenha a flexibilidade de reinventar seus projetos utópicos, mudando assim de projeto emancipatório, mas não perdendo de vista a energia utópica que o move. Concluímos, também, que os profissionais que articularam os dois movimentos tendem a apresentar uma postura pós-convencional diante da vida.
POLÍTICAS DE IDENTIDADE E POLÍTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO: ESTUDO SOBRE IDENTIDADE
Authors: Alves Cecilia Pescatore
Published: December 2017

Resumo Este estudo parte da psicologia social crítica e ressalta que a política educacional constitui uma política de identidade. Considerou-se que a escola se revela como uma instituição de socialização (em que se processam identidades) e um lugar em que ocorre a intersecção de várias culturas. Nesse contexto, consideraram-se como pilares fundamentais de reflexão um levantamento bibliográfico sobre as políticas públicas de educação vividas cotidianamente no contexto da instituição escolar e as concepções sobre o sintagma “Identidade-metamorfose-emancipação” e “políticas de identidade e identidades políticas”. A discussão contemplou uma dimensão política da educação em um suporte epistemológico associado a um componente político-ético. O debate originou uma posição crítica de como a escola, enquanto instituição educativa, tem se posicionado com relação à constituição de identidades. Defende-se que as configurações do ideário neoliberal e as políticas impostas à educação impossibilitam ao indivíduo ações comunicativas na direção da emancipação.
Hibridismos Narrativos: recursos literários na grande reportagem contemporânea
Authors: Essenfelder Renato
Published: December 2017

Resumo O artigo mapeia e identifica a existência de recursos expressivos típicos da literatura em uma grande reportagem jornalística veiculada por um veículo nativo digital – no caso, o site Brio, especializado em jornalismo de longo formato. O método utilizado, de Análise Pragmática da Narrativa Jornalística, permitiu identificar as estratégias de subjetivação do texto, pelas quais o repórter alcança efeitos poéticos e induz seus leitores a diversos tipos e graus de comoção. O trabalho analisa reportagem sobre a tragédia ambiental ocorrida em Mariana (MG) em 2016 e aponta os recursos poéticos em uso para concluir que linguagem, estrutura de texto e personagens são o tripé sobre o qual se constitui o jornalismo literário praticado pelo Brio. Este trabalho é resultado de projeto conduzido no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa Produção de Conteúdo, do Mestrado Profissional em Produção Jornalística e Mercado da ESPM-SP.
Estratégia Educacional em Saúde Mental para Médicos da Atenção Básica
Authors: Pereira Alexandre de Araújo , Andrade Daniela Correia Leite
Published: December 2017

RESUMO Introdução: A Estratégia de Saúde da Família e a Reforma da Assistência Psiquiátrica Brasileira têm trazido contribuições importantes para a melhora da atenção em saúde no País. Ambas defendem os princípios básicos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e propõem uma mudança no modelo de assistência à saúde, privilegiando a descentralização e a abordagem comunitária/familiar em detrimento do modelo tradicional, centralizador e voltado para o hospital Objetivos: Este artigo objetiva fornecer elementos práticos que poderão servir de modelo para a implantação de estratégias educacionais em saúde mental, para médicos que atuam na atenção básica, no contexto da realidade brasileira. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de investigação educacional, de enfoque qualitativo, construído com base na metodologia de triangulação de dados, colhidos em revisão da literatura, aplicação de questionários e grupos focais. O estudo foi conduzido na cidade de Sobral (CE) e contou com a participação de 26 médicos, lotados em 28 Unidades Básicas de Saúde, além de três docentes de escolas médicas brasileiras. Resultados: A maioria dos médicos de família se sentiu despreparada para o atendimento das demandas de saúde mental e identificou falhas importantes na formação durante a graduação médica. Segundo eles, os temas de saúde mental foram insuficientes, de cunho eminentemente hospitalar, curativo e fora do contexto da atenção comunitária. Em alguns casos, a formação ocorreu de maneira bastante negativa, reforçando preconceitos e tabus em relação ao atendimento psiquiátrico e criando barreiras que dificultaram o interesse e a disponibilidade desses médicos para atender pacientes portadores de transtornos mentais. A estratégia educacional resultante deste estudo oferece às equipes de saúde e às instituições formadoras de recursos humanos referências conceituais, práticas e metodológicas para a elaboração de programas de qualificação em saúde mental, no contexto da atenção básica à saúde. Conclusões: As ferramentas de identificação de necessidades de aprendizado em saúde utilizadas neste estudo mostraram-se úteis na elaboração de programas de educação permanente junto aos profissionais da rede básica. Para maior validação da proposta, recomenda-se sua aplicação e avaliação em outros municípios brasileiros.
The Teaching of Clinical Skills and the Applicability of a Simplified Guide to Physical Examination in Undergraduate Medical Training
Authors: Kahwage Neto Salomão Georges , Braga Tiago Kiyoshi Kitabayashi , Portella Márcia Bitar , Andriolo Régis Bruni
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT Introduction: Despite technological advances, anamnesis and physical examination remain the most important and effective diagnostic tools in a clinical case. However, many students complete their medical degree lacking these essential skills. The unstandardized character of the physical examination is considered one of the major hurdles in the teaching-learning of this practice. Objective: To evaluate the clinical skills of medical students and the applicability of a simplified physical examination guide for the improvement of these skills. Methods: This was an analytical and quantitative-approach study, which compared before-and-after information among general medicine student interns from January to February 2014. The students were trained with the simplified guide for a 3-week period. The students had their clinical examination evaluated in 13 items: vital signs, oral cavity examination, ophthalmoscopy, otoscopy, thyroid examination, cardiovascular, pulmonary, abdominal examination, lymph nodes, anthropometric measurements, ankle-brachial index (ABI), neurological examination, examination of the breast (female patients) or testicles (male patients). The result of each part of the examination was classified into three categories: complete assessment, partial assessment and absent assessment. Results: A total of 31 students participated. Significant improvement was found in almost all items in relation to the complete evaluation after training with the guide: cardiovascular system (3.23% versus 74.19%, before and after training, respectively, p < 0.01), pulmonary system (22.58% versus 90.32%, p < 0.01), abdomen (22.58% versus 74.19%, p = 0.01), vital signs (16.13% versus 100%, p < 0.01), palpation of lymph nodes (6.45% versus 77.42%, p < 0.01), neurological examination (0% versus 22.58%, p = 0.02), thyroid palpation (0% versus 61.29%, p < 0.01), examination of oral cavity (6.45% versus 67.74%, p < 0.01), anthropometric measurements (0% versus 45.16%, p < 0.01), breast examination (0% versus 36.84%, p = 0.02), ophthalmoscopy (0% versus 32.26%, p < 0.01), otoscopy (0% versus 64.52%, p < 0.01); evaluation of the ankle-brachial index (0% versus 83.87%, p < 0.01), examination of the testicles (0% versus 8.33%, p = 1.0). A 280.7% increase was also observed in the students’ median score after training (1.92 versus 7.31 points, P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation between student performance and time on the medical course (R2 = 0.1242; P = 0.0515). Conclusions: There is a large deficit in teaching clinical skills during undergraduate medical courses. As an effective solution, a simplified sequential clinical examination guide can serve as training for medical students.
Redes de Franquias Estrangeiras e Domésticas em um Mercado Emergente: Análise Comparativa
Authors: Isaac Victor Ragazzi , Melo Pedro Lucas Resende , Borini Felipe Mendes
Published: December 2017

Resumo O artigo tem como objetivo analisar as diferenças existentes no processo de constituição das redes de franquias estrangeiras que atuam no mercado brasileiro e as redes de franquias domésticas brasileiras. Este processo compreende a instalação, a manutenção e a expansão das redes. A revisão teórica e o desenvolvido teórico se baseiam na Teoria da Agência e na Teoria da Escassez de Recursos. Por meio de uma regressão logística com 147 redes de franquias brasileiras e 41 redes de franquias estrangeiras em operação no mercado brasileiro, observou-se que as redes de franquias estrangeiras e domésticas se diferem nas três etapas do processo de constituição: instalação, manutenção e expansão. Complementarmente, foram realizadas três entrevistas semiestruturadas com três franqueadores de redes de franquias estrangeiras. Os resultados apontam que as franquias estrangeiras apresentam uma maior taxa de investimento e manutenção do que as redes de franquias brasileiras, no entanto exibem uma menor capacidade de monitoramento e controle do que as redes de franquias brasileiras. Por outro lado, ao contrário do esperado, observou-se que as redes de franquias estrangeiras atuantes no Brasil apresentam uma menor taxa de crescimento do que as redes de franquias domésticas deste país.
PARECIA MESMO UM GRUPO ESTRAMBÓTICO: (RE)NEGOCIAÇÕES IDENTITÁRIAS NA PARTICIPAÇÃO EM COMUNIDADES DE PRÁTICA
Authors: Silva Patrícia Petitinga , Oliveira Andréia Maria Pereira de , Souza Elizeu Clementino de
Published: December 2017

RESUMO: Este trabalho tem como objetivo narrar a participação em práticas de comunidades diversas para analisar como identidades são (re)negociadas nesses contextos. Inicialmente, utilizando-se uma interpretação do construto comunidade de prática, proposto por Etienne Wenger, será analisado o capítulo “Uma corrida em comitê e uma história comprida”, do livro “Aventuras de Alice no País das Maravilhas”, de autoria de Lewis Carroll, com o propósito de produzir uma imagem ilustrativa desse construto que possa ser utilizada como uma lente que permita enxergar como identidades são (des)construídas ao participarmos em práticas sociais. Então, ao longo do estudo, histórias de vida entrecruzam-se com as de Alice, em um processo que busca tensionar a dicotomia entre literatura e ciência.
Relação médico-paciente na oncologia: estudo a partir da perspectiva do paciente
Authors: Bastos Luiz Otávio de Araujo , Andrade Elizabeth Nogueira de , Andrade Edson de Oliveira
Published: December 2017

Resumo As peculiaridades do diagnóstico de câncer impõem ao médico abordagem diferenciada, tornando necessário o estudo dos aspectos psicossociais do doente e de técnicas comunicacionais, de modo a não gerar iatrogenias. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a relação médico-paciente com câncer em um centro de referência em oncologia do serviço público. Trata-se de estudo exploratório qualitativo e descritivo, envolvendo 17 pacientes diagnosticados com câncer na Fundação Centro de Controle de Oncologia do Estado do Amazonas. Os entrevistados demonstraram diversos sentimentos: desejaram mais sinceridade e clareza dos médicos no diagnóstico; questionaram a dificuldade do acesso ao sistema de saúde; queixaram-se dos efeitos do tratamento e das limitações emocionais e físicas vivenciadas; e, por fim, destacaram a importância da relação médico-paciente. Portanto, foram reconhecidos aspectos importantes do diagnóstico e tratamento de câncer, devidamente contextualizados, de modo a se repensar a prática médica e a relação médico-paciente.
Significados de atividades extracurriculares para crianças bailarinas
Authors: Brandão Anna Paula , Lordelo Lia da Rocha
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Este estudo investigou o cotidiano de crianças da classe média em Salvador, Bahia. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola de balé com meninas entre seis e sete anos de idade. Para a coleta de dados, foi feita observação não estruturada de caráter etnográfico e exploratório na escola de balé e entrevistas-conversa com cinco crianças. Os resultados apontam para os sentidos ambivalentes que circunscrevem o balé entre as dimensões da disciplina e do lúdico, além do status de hiperocupação, que constitui um ponto que une as crianças do presente estudo e nos faz refletir sobre as representações da infância atualmente. Na medida em que surgem cada vez mais instituições especializadas em ofertar atividades para crianças, os resultados indicam que os ambientes em que se desenvolvem atividades extracurriculares permanecem ainda pouquíssimo explorados no Brasil; e discutem, também, a necessidade de investigar mais essa infância, invisibilizada por ser considerada normativa.
Morfoanatomia do sistema subterrâneo de Smilax subsessiliflora (Smilacaceae)
Authors: Guimarães Alessandra Ribeiro , Costa Cecilia Gonçalves , Andreata Regina Helena Potsch
Published: December 2017

Resumo Smilax subsessiliflora Duhamel, espécie exclusivamente brasileira, tem por habitat a floresta Atlântica, mesófila e as matas de restinga. Este trabalho tem por objetivo descrever a morfoanatomia do sistema subterrâneo de S. subsessiliflora. O sistema subterrâneo da espécie em questão é constituído pelo rizóforo, do qual partem os ramos caulinares e as raízes adventícias. O rizóforo apresenta epiderme uniestratificada com estômatos, córtex com células de paredes espessadas e lignificadas, meristema de espessamento primário e cilindro vascular, integrado por feixes colaterais. Das raízes adventícias que partem do rizóforo originam-se outras que se distinguem pelo calibre e pela cor. Aquelas apresentam córtex externo, constituído por células parenquimáticas e córtex interno, constituído por esclereídes, que passam a exercer a função de revestimento, após a eliminação do córtex externo. O cilindro vascular é poliarco e sifonostélico. Grãos de amido ocorrem no periciclo e na medula. No córtex das raízes laterais detectaram-se endomicorrizas arbusculares. As características anatômicas observadas no sistema subterrâneo de S. subsessiliflora se assemelham às relatadas para o rizóforo de S. quinquenervia.