bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Literature, Covid-19 and Human Greed: A Socialist Realism Analysis of Taufiq al-Hakim’s Short Story “Daulah al-‘As}a>fi>r”
Authors: Zulhelmi Zulhelmi
Published: January 2021

The article aimed to discover whether the element of Taufiq al-Hakim's imagination regarding human greed had relevance to the social reality of society, or is it merely an expression of personal imagination that was not related to the social environment of society? To answer this problem, the researcher used the text analysis method with the main corpus of the short story “Daulah al-‘As}a>fi>r.” The theory used in analyzing this text was socialist realism assisted by a literary ecological approach. The analysis showed that Taufiq al-Hakim's imaginative criticism through his sparrow symbol against human greed had a close relevance to the phenomenon of contemporary human life today, like Covid-19 pandemic. Such pandemic was a natural reaction to human greed who had exploited fellow humans and their environment. It was also reinforced by the fact that all big and powerful countries in the world were overwhelmed to overcome Covid-19. This study recommended that humans should not be greedy, so that the balance of nature can be maintained properly.
Hierarchical Rubrication of Text Documents
Authors: Sorokin Dmitry Igorevich , Nuzhny Anton Sergeevich , Saveleva Elena Alexandrovna
Published: January 2021

Topic modeling is an important and widely used method in the analysis of a large collection of documents. It allows us to digest the content of documents by examination of the selected topics. It has drawbacks such as a need to specify the number of topics. The topics can become too local or too global, depending on that number. Also, it does not provide a relation between local and global topics. Here we present an algorithm and a computer program for the hierarchical rubrication of text documents. The program solves these problems by creating a hierarchy of automatically selected topics in which local topics are connected of the global topics. The program processes PDF documents split them into text segments, builds vector representations using word2vec model and stores them in a database. The vector embeddings are structured in the form of a hierarchy of automatically constructed categories. Each category is identified by automatically selected keywords. The result is visualized in an interactive map. Traversing the hierarchy of topics is done by zooming the map. An analysis of the constructed hierarchy of categories allows us to evaluate the minimum and maximum depth of the hierarchy corresponding to a minimum and a maximum number of different topics contained in the collection of documents. The program was tested on documents on deep nuclear waste disposal.
Numerical Smulation of Internal Waves and Effects of Accumulation of Kinetic Energy in Large Aspect Ratio Domains
Authors: Elistratov Stepan Alekseevich , Vatutin Kirill Alexandrovich , Sibgatullin Ilias Nailevich , Ermanyuk Evgeniy Valerievich , Mikhailov Evgeny Aleksandrovich
Published: January 2021

Tidal forcing excites internal waves in the bulk of the ocean. Deep ocean is an example of a system with continuous stratification subject to large-scale periodic forcing. Owing to specific dispersion relation of internal waves, the domains bounded by sloping boundaries may support wave patterns with wave rays converging to closed trajectories (geometric attractors) as result of iterative focusing reflections. Previously the behavior of kinetic energy in wave attractors has been investigated in two-dimensional domain with comparable depth and length. As the geometric aspect ratio of the domain increases, the dynamic pattern of energy focusing may significantly evolve both in laminar and turbulent regimes. The present paper shows that the energy density in domains with large aspect ratio can significantly increase. In numerical simulations the input forcing has been introduced at global scale by prescribing small-amplitude deformations of the upper bound of the liquid domain. The evolution of internal wave motion in such system has been computed numerically for different values of the forcing amplitude. The behavior of the large-aspect-ratio system has been compared to the well-studied case of the system with depth-to-length ratio of order unity. A number of most typical situations has been analysed in terms of behavior of integral mechanical quantities such as total dissipation, mean kinetic energy and energy fluctuations in laminar and turbulent cases.
PENILAIAN STATUS STOK DAN RISIKO EKSPLOITASI PERIKANAN PELAGIS KECIL YANG BERBASIS DI PPI SARANG, REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Zamroni Achmad , Widiyastuti Heri , Suwarso Suwarso
Published: January 2021

Peningkatan strategi pengelolaan perikanan pelagis kecil terutama di perairan Laut Jawa tidak hanya dengan menilai stok ikan dan perikanannya, akan tetapi diperlukan juga menilai risiko dampak dari pengelolaan. Dalam tulisan ini disebutkan status estimasi stok dan risiko yang melebihi hasil tangkapan maksimum yang berkelanjutan/Maximum Sustainable Yieald (MSY) terkait dengan nilai referensi terhadap beberapa tingkat tangkapan alternatif yang dihasilkan dari penilaian stok dan risiko penangkapan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah model dinamika biomassa ikan dengan metode non-equilibrium. Data yang digunakan berasal dari PPI Sarang, Rembang yang merupakan basis perikanan pelagis kecil terbesar di Laut Jawa selain Pekalongan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai MSY yang diperoleh adalah 13.820 ton yang dihasilkan dari upaya penangkapan sekitar 1.759 trip kapal pukat cincin mini. Jika pemanfaatan perikanan sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini, maka estimasi nilai risiko akan berada pada tingkat risiko tinggi, begitu juga jika tingkat pemanfaatan berada pada nilai MSY nya. Nilai risiko akan turun menjadi sedang-tinggi jika pemanfaatan dikurangi 10% - 20% dari kondisi saat ini. Jika tingkat pemanfaatan dikurangi 30% atau lebih, maka nilai risiko dalam 10 tahun berikutnya akan berada pada kondisi sedang-rendah.Improving the management strategy of small pelagic fisheries, especially in the waters of the Java Sea, not only by assessing fish stocks and fisheries, but also needs to determine the risk of management impacts. In this paper, it is stated that the status of stock and risk estimation that exceeds the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) is related to the reference value in several alternative catch levels resulting from stock and risk assessment. The analysis used is a fish biomass dynamics model with a non-equilibrium method. The data used was from TPI Sarang in Rembang, which is one of the largest small pelagic fisheries bases in the Java Sea. Results show that the MSY value obtained is 13,820 tons resulting from the capture effort of approximately 1,759 mini purse seine trips. Suppose the fishery utilization is in accordance with the current conditions, in that case, the estimated risk value will be at a high-risk level, and also if the utilization level is at the MSY value. The risk value will decrease to moderate-high if utilization is reduced by 10% - 20% from the current condition. If the utilization level is reduced by 30% or more, the next ten-year risk value will be in the medium-low condition.
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Hatchery Skala Rumah Tangga (HSRT) Kerapu Hybrid Cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< Epinephelus lanceolatus)
Authors: Sofiati Sofiati , Yuliana Ernik , Warlina Lina
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKTingkat kelangsungan hidup benih kerapu hybrid cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< Epinephelus lanceolatus) yang dihasilkan di Situbondo adalah ≤10%, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil produksi dan merumuskan strategi alternatif pengembangan usaha pembenihan kerapu hybrid cantang skala rumah tangga (HSRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor-faktor internal dan ekstrenal secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil produksi pada usaha HSRT kerapu hybrid cantang (R2 = 0,798). Artinya 79,8% variasi perubahan produksi benih ikan kerapu hybrid cantang ditentukan oleh variabel bebas (sumber daya, penerapan cara pembenihan ikan yang baik (CPIB), biaya produksi, dan peran pemerintah), sedangkan sisanya sebesar 20,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain. Pengujian secara individual (hipotesis minor) terdapat tiga variabel yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap hasil produksi yaitu sumber daya, penerapan CPIB dan biaya produksi. Pemilihan prioritas strategi pengembangan usaha HSRT kerapu hybrid cantang adalah peningkatan penerapan CPIB terlebih dahulu, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengembangan pasar, dan berlanjut pada strategi pengaturan hasil produksi.ABSTRACTIn small scale hatchery of hybrid grouper, the survival rate of cantang hybrid grouper  (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus >< Epinephelus lanceolatus) was only ≤10%. The study aims to analyze several factors in which have a effect on production level and to formulate an alternative development business strategy on  hybrid grouper small scale hatchery. The research results indicated that several internal and external factors have a significant effect on production level on small scale hatchery of hybrid grouper (R2=0.798). It means that 79.8 % of change variable of hybrid grouper production was determined by free variables (resources, implementation of good aquaculture method, cost production, and role of government). However, the remaining value (20,2 %) was influenced by other factors in which out of this research scope. The selection of priority strategy on business development of hybrid grouper small scale hatchery is implementation of CPIB followed by market expansion and management of production level.
Thin layer drying kinetics of lemon verbena leaves: a quality assessment and mathematical modeling
Authors: Ghasemi Javid , Moradi Mehdi , Karparvarfard Sayed Hossein , Golmakani Mohammad Taghi , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin
Published: January 2021

The thin-layer drying kinetics of lemon verbena leaves were studied by using a solar cabinet dryer at air tempera-ture (at three levels of 30, 40, and 50°C), air velocity (at three levels of 2, 2.5, and 3 m/s), and mesh tray size (3, 6, and 10 mm). A completely randomized factorial design was used to analyze the effect of independent factors on drying time and essential oil yield. Results showed that all experiments have shorter drying time and higher essen-tial oil content than the shade-drying method. Also, the best drying conditions that led to an optimal essential oil yield (1.73 mL/g DM) involved a lower temperature (30°C) and velocity (2 m/s) and a mesh size of 10 mm. A good adaptation between the experimental and the predicted moisture content was observed, whereby the statistical criteria of R2, root mean square error, and k2 were calculated as 0.99, 0.08, and 0.01, respectively.
Practical applicationsIn the current study, the effect of different drying states such as air velocity and drying temperature was studied on the drying behaviors and essential oil contents of lemon verbena leaves. The obtained results can lead us to a suitable drying condition that can be used in the subsequent designation of systems. Also, a mathematical model for the pre-diction of the leaves’ drying kinetics was constructed and evaluated, which could be approached in the drying systems.
An External Knowledge Enhanced Graph-based Neural Network for Sentence Ordering
Authors: Yin Yongjing , Lai Shaopeng , Song Linfeng , Zhou Chulun , Han Xianpei , Yao Junfeng , Su Jinsong
Published: January 2021

As an important text coherence modeling task, sentence ordering aims to coherently organize a given set of unordered sentences. To achieve this goal, the most important step is to effectively capture and exploit global dependencies among these sentences. In this paper, we propose a novel and flexible external knowledge enhanced graph-based neural network for sentence ordering. Specifically, we first represent the input sentences as a graph, where various kinds of relations (i.e., entity-entity, sentence-sentence and entity-sentence) are exploited to make the graph representation more expressive and less noisy. Then, we introduce graph recurrent network to learn semantic representations of the sentences. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, we conduct experiments on several benchmark datasets. The experimental results and in-depth analysis show our model significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art models.
General Value Function Networks
Authors: Schlegel Matthew , Jacobsen Andrew , Abbas Zaheer , Patterson Andrew , White Adam , White Martha
Published: January 2021

State construction is important for learning in partially observable environments. A general purpose strategy for state construction is to learn the state update using a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), which updates the internal state using the current internal state and the most recent observation. This internal state provides a summary of the observed sequence, to facilitate accurate predictions and decision-making. At the same time, specifying and training RNNs is notoriously tricky, particularly as the common strategy to approximate gradients back in time, called truncated Back-prop Through Time (BPTT), can be sensitive to the truncation window. Further, domain-expertise—which can usually help constrain the function class and so improve trainability—can be difficult to incorporate into complex recurrent units used within RNNs. In this work, we explore how to use multi-step predictions to constrain the RNN and incorporate prior knowledge. In particular, we revisit the idea of using predictions to construct state and ask: does constraining (parts of) the state to consist of predictions about the future improve RNN trainability? We formulate a novel RNN architecture, called a General Value Function Network (GVFN), where each internal state component corresponds to a prediction about the future represented as a value function. We first provide an objective for optimizing GVFNs, and derive several algorithms to optimize this objective. We then show that GVFNs are more robust to the truncation level, in many cases only requiring one-step gradient updates.
Textual criticism(s) and the edition of Spanish classics
Authors: Mancinelli Matteo
Published: January 2021

This essay has two main goals: first, to give an idea of both the increasing interest in textual criticism that, over the last thirty years, has shaken Hispanic philology, and the plurality of methods that scholars have been trying out in order to edit Spanish classics; second, to offer an example of the genealogical-reconstructive method’s application by summarizing the most relevant outcomes of my previous research on the tradition of one of the most significant texts of the debate over Góngora’s Soledades, i.e. Francisco Fernández de Córdoba’s Examen del Antídoto. Such case study, in fact, displays three of the main issues faced by philologists: the existence of an archetype, contamination, and potentially authorial variants.
Le projet Cultures et Langues des Alpes du Piémont (CLAPie) : principes, méthodes et premiers résultats
Authors: Cugno Federica , Cusan Federica , Fassio Giulia , Porcel-lana Valentina , Rivoira Matteo
Published: January 2021

Le but de cette contribution est d’illustrer le projet de recherche multidisciplinaire de l’Université de Turin « _Culture e Lingue delle Alpi Piemontesi. Atlanti linguistici, musei etnografici: percorsi multimediali per l’educazione al territorio alpino_ (CLAPie) ». Le projet, qui a débuté en 2012, vise principalement à relier les données des atlas linguistiques qui ont été collectées dans la région alpine du Piémont (l_’Atlas Linguistique de la France_, le _Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz_, l’_Atlante Linguistico Italiano_, _l’Atlante Linguistico Etnografico del Piemonte Occidentale_ et l’_Atlante_ _Toponomastico del Piemonte_ _Montano_) avec celles réunies par les musées ethnographiques du même territoire. À travers la réalisation du projet, nous nous proposons d’illustrer des dynamiques et des modalités inédites de lecture du territoire alpin, qui pourront devenir, à leur tour, une ressource importante pour la préservation et la promotion des réalités locales. Ceci avec la création d’un espace virtuel où les différentes données ethno-linguistiques pourront établir des corrélations sémantiquement pertinentes grâce à l’adoption de la philosophie du Web 3.0 (Web sémantique).
Des strates de roches au soubassement d’une œuvre
Authors: Meyer Camille , Boivin Pierre
Published: January 2021

Cette communication entend interroger l’apport des humanités numériques dans la valorisation du patrimoine géologique. En revenant sur les choix qui ont présidé à la mise en ligne des carnets géologiques de Philippe Glangeaud, nous montrerons que par-delà l’accès aux documents numérisés, la consultation du corpus en ligne est le vecteur d’une compréhension nouvelle de la démarche scientifique du géologue auvergnat. En ce début de XXe siècle, Philippe Glangeaud témoigne du changement des pratiques qui font passer la géologie du domaine de la description naturaliste à celui de la science moderne, avec ses exigences de quantification et de publications. Si l’éditorialisation de ces sources de la recherche révèle un patrimoine scientifique inestimable, et donne les clés d’une épistémologie moderne de la découverte en géologie, elle met également en exergue le territoire comme patrimoine à reconsidérer. Par le truchement de la géolocalisation, le site Internet révèle l’Auvergne comme lieu, par la mise au jour de ses strates et de ses roches, et invite à un cheminement à la fois virtuel et réel dans le Massif Central. Philippe Glangeaud avait lui-même parfaitement compris la richesse de ces territoires et plusieurs de ses écrits semblent avoir été rédigés délibérément pour soutenir la candidature actuelle de la Chaîne des Puys à l’inscription au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO… Les humanités numériques, entendues ici comme mise à disposition et géolocalisation des corpus en ligne, ouvrent un champ de recherche fertile sur la mise en relation des lieux et des œuvres, fil conducteur du projet LIDO de la MSH de Clermont-Ferrand. À travers ce prisme, les humanités numériques donnent au patrimoine de nouvelles dimensions. Qu’il soit scientifique, littéraire ou historique, le patrimoine façonne les lieux. Et la vision de ces derniers _via_ l’outil numérique fait apparaître en retour le patrimoine comme construction interdisciplinaire.
LEGAL CHALLENGES IN MINIMIZING THE IMPACT OF PAST (ACCUMULATED) ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE ON HUMAN HEALTH AND THE HUMAN GENOME
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Zhavoronkova Natalya G. , Mokhov Alexander A. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (Moscow, Russian Federation), Agafonov Vyacheslav B. ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (Moscow, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical problems of legal provision of biological safety as a component of environmental safety in the elimination of past (accumulated) envi-ronmental damage and minimizing its impact on human health and its genome. It is noted that at present the potential and real risks and threats of objects of accumulated environmental harm, which can cause harm to human life and health, are not identified, also the threats and risks affecting the favorable (natural) state of the environment and to ensure environmental and biological safety are not systematized. Thus, given the potential danger of objects of accumulated environmental damage, the tasks associated with the protection of natural complexes and sites, natural ecosystems, biodi-versity conservation, as well as the protection of human health, currently acquire particular relevance. The necessity of solving these tasks has been repeatedly noted as the highest priority of the state environmental policy in the state strategic planning documents. Based on the results of the study of the main areas of (potential and real) impact of past (accumulated) environmental harms on human health and its genome, a conclusion was made that, taking into account global climate change, given the expansion of economic and other activities, including the use of genomic technologies, it is actually impossible to assess the level of negative impact of objects of accumulated environmental harms on the human genome. To address this problem, the authors formulated conceptual proposals to define the main objectives of state policy in the field of minimizing the impact of past (accumulated) envi-ronmental damage on the environment and human health, including through the legislative consolidation of measures to ensure biological and genetic safety, which should be recognized as an integral and integral part of environmental security in the modern expanding paradigm of environmental law.
ENERGY OF LEGAL MATTER
Authors:   Tomsk State University (Tomsk, Russian Federation), Lebedev Vladimir M. , Dyrkova Lyubov A. ,   Siberian State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Tomsk, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

Legal matter passes through five stages in its movement. Each stage needs scientific reflection, elaboration of its constituent rules of application and improvement. Legal matter passes through the respective stages not because it is inherent in the content of the legal norm at the dictate of the legislator, law enforcer or other external force. By its nature, it is endowed with an inherent power, i.e. legal energy. Legal matter is mobile. Movement is a qualitative characteristic of matter, including legal matter. It is provided by the energy, which is usually accumulated in the norm of law. The accumulated legal energy, just like any other energy, can be realized by transforming (turning) one kind into another. We can trace the forms of such transformation. The literature studies four variants of movement of legal matter, which are realized by 'releasing' the accumulated legal energy accumulated in its individual norms or their totality. Therefore, it is possible to study the structure of legal energy using the forms of legal matter realization known to the legal science. Each of them is possible only by releasing the legal energy accumulated in them, a kind of its "mover". Since science has identified four forms of implementation of norms of legal matter, there-fore, it is necessary to talk about four forms of manifestation of legal energy: compliance, enforcement, use, application. This is manifested in detail in the implementation of the norms of any branch of Russian law, including labour law.
Book Review: Mokienko, V.M. & Nikitina, T.G. (2019) Russkaya Dialektnaya Frazeografya: Differentsial ’nye i Polnye Slovari [Russian Dialect Phraseography: Differential and Complete Dictionaries]. Saint Petersburg; Greifswald: Saint Petersburg State University; Universitat Greifswald
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation), Fedotova Nina L. , Kovalenko Boris N. ,   Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation)
Published: January 2021

The questions of lexicographic description of phraseology of Russian territorial and social dialects are considered. Special attention is paid to the problems of the vocabulary representation of phraseological semantics, historical and etymological commenting on phraseological units and the reflection of the peculiarities of their functioning in the modern sociocultural context. The book is intended for philologists, culturologists, as well as a wide range of readers interested in the problems of Russian phraseology and lexicography.
“We All Need Your Dictionary”: Letters to Sergey Ozhegov of the 1940s–1960s (To the 120th Anniversary of the Birth of the Scholar)
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University (Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation), Nikitin Oleg V.
Published: January 2021

The publication presents previously unknown letters to Sergey Ozhegov of the late 1940s – early 1960s, which reveal facts of his scientific biography. The aim of this work is to introduce into scientific discourse rare archival documents on the history of Russian linguistics, and also to study linguistic polemics in the USSR in the era of the onslaught of the Marrism of the end of the 1940s. The main methods of studying the material are historical-linguistic, lexicographic, sociolinguistic and linguistic source analysis (search, decoding and commenting on archival texts). In the course of the research of documentary materials, the author has revealed new facts testifying to the change of a vector of scientific views on explanatory lexicography as a whole which, unlike the previous dictionary projects, was not adapted to academic needs, and first of all solved practical problems of explaining the actual lexicon of the 20th century. The article notes that one of the key issues of the dictionary work of that time was the interpretation of Sovietisms, on the one hand, and religious words and expressions, on the other. The archaic vocabulary (“merchant” and church elements) became the object of fierce criticism of Ozhegov’s opponents. Scholars and non-philological readers, polemicizing with Ozhegov, paid special attention to reviews and analysis of semantic, stylistic and cultural-historical realities of dictionary entries. Ozhegov’s respondents also discussed the difficult fate of the dictionary. The published letters contain semi-official reviews from both famous scholars (A.P. Evgenieva, Ya.M. Endzelin, R.R. Gel’gardt, J.V. Loja) and ordinary readers of The Dictionary, they reveal Ozhegov as a person of special gift loving his native language. These letters provide valuable material for the analysis of linguistic homeland studies of the period of struggle between the two ideologies in science. The letters reveal new facts of Ozhegov’s editorial work, discuss the criticism of the publication in the press, note its strengths and weaknesses. The article emphasizes the sociocultural aspect of Ozhegov’s interpretations and the ambiguity of their perception by contemporaries. The Dictionary is included in the context of general linguistic ideas by D.N. Ushakov and L.V. Shcherba. The high pedagogical value of this source is indicated. The published archival materials confirm a unique fact in the scientific practice of the mid-20th century: the emergence of a popular explanatory dictionary reflecting the cultural constants of the time and serving as a reliable tool for self-education. The article is of interest to historiographers of science, lexicologists and lexicographers, linguaculturologists, sociolinguists.
Gebelikte Folik Asit, B12 Vitamini, D Vitamini ve İyot Destekleri Kullanmak Gerekli Midir? Olası Riskler
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Hilal , KARAAĞAÇ Yasemin , TUNÇER Esra , YARDIMCI Hülya
Published: January 2021

Gebelik sürecinde artan gereksinimler dolayısıyla; özellikle bazı mikro besin ögelerinin besin desteği olarak alınması ve böylece yetersizlik ile ilişkili risklerinin en aza indirilmesi, maternal ve fetal sağlığın korunmasında büyük öneme sahiptir. Gebelikte, besin ögelerinin ciddi veya orta düzeyde yetersizliğinde, hayat kurtarıcı nitelikte olan destekler; hafif yetersizlik veya maternal depoların yeterli olduğu koşullarda, çeşitli riskleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Doğumsal anomalilerin önlenmesinde etkisi kanıtlanmış olan folik asitin maternal dönemde fazla alımı durumunda kanserojeniteyi tetikleyebileceği, çinko emilimini olumsuz etkileyebileceği, B12 vitamini eksikliğinin tanısında ve tedavisinde gecikmelere yol açabileceği, çocukluk çağı astım, alerji riski ile ilişkili olabileceği görülmüştür. Eksikliği fetal anomaliler ile ilişkilendirilen bir diğer vitamin olan B12’nin toksik etkisi bildirilmemekle birlikte literatür taramasında fazla alımı durumunda alerjik reaksiyonlar gösteren bir vaka raporuna rastlanmıştır. Yenidoğan hipokalsemisi ve raşitizmin önlenmesinde etkili D vitamini desteğinin fazla alımı teratojen etki gösterebilir. İyot yetersizliği ile ilişkili kretenizm gibi hastalıkların önlenmesinde etkili olan iyot desteğinin fazla alımının gebenin tiroid disfonksiyonuna, gebelikteki subklinik ve aşikâr hipotiroidizm prevalansında artışa yol açabileceği ve bebeğin psikomotor gelişimini olumsuz etkileyebileceği belirtilmiştir. Gebelikte önerilen dozlarda besin desteklerinin kullanımı uygundur ancak yetersizliğin önlenmesi kadar fazla alım konusunda da dikkatli olunmalıdır. Bu derlemede; gebelikte yaygın olarak kullanılan folik asit, B12 vitamini, D vitamini ve iyot besin desteklerinin fazla alımına ilişkin riskler tartışılmıştır.
Selection of Material for Marine Environments Using Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach
Authors: ÖZMEN-AKYOL Serel , BABA Ahmet , SALMAN Serdar
Published: January 2021

Material selection for marine environments is an important, difficult, and complex process. For the purpose of decision support, a model was created for the selection of materials for marine environments with the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method, which is used for decision-making in fuzzy environments. The decision criteria in the model were determined by an expert, and according to these decision criteria, alternative materials were evaluated with linguistic variables. In the model, there were four main criteria (corrosion resistance, cost, mechanical properties, and workability) and four sub-criteria (yield strength, tensile strength, hardness, and elongation) under the main criteria of mechanical properties. Alternative materials were ranked according to the criteria and alternative material evaluations which were determined by the expert. The software that the created model was applied, developed in the programming language Visual C#. Thanks to the software, decision-makers can obtain different rankings easily by changing the criteria weights and select material for different environments. In the result of the study, applying sensitivity analysis, impact and priority ranking criteria were evaluated.
Designating Industry 4.0 Maturity Items and Weights for Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: ETKESER Sadi , APİLİOĞULLARI Lütfi
Published: January 2021

The vision of Industry 4.0 is an integrated ecosystem in supply chain where every item and human in the plant has an ID in production and works without any external intervention, communicating with each other in every operation. Although such a concept of manufacturing may sound futuristic to many companies, and especially SMEs, the transition to this future is inevitable, and organizations need a roadmap to clearly understand the concepts and effectively execute the applications of Industry 4.0. In this paper, the level of importance of each Industry 4.0 criterion for SMEs is expressed and used to develop a quantitative maturity model. Analytic Hierarchy Process was utilized to calculate the weights of dimensions and maturity items. An iterative procedure led to 9 different dimensions and 33 correlated items. Initial findings showed that the “Strategy and Organization” dimension has the highest impact on maturity level along with the items “Manufacturing Software”, “Employees”, and “Industry 4.0 Roadmap”.
Performance Metrics and Monitoring Tools for Sustainable Network Management
Authors: DUMAN İbrahim , ELİİYİ Uğur
Published: January 2021

Network infrastructures comprise the backbone of our modern life, ranging in scale from relatively micro-level settings of offices or university campuses, to macro-level structures such as smart cities or national defense systems. Consequently, effective management of the quality and sustainability of provided services and network infrastructures has grown to be essential for modern service providers. Considering standard features like reliability, availability and maintainability, several questions are identified in this study for network performance management and investment levels of sustainable network infrastructures. We describe various stages of the performance management processes, along with corresponding software tools to measure network efficiency and sustainability for information and communications technologies. Fundamental key performance indicator categories and their definitions are also compiled according to their functions within the network management context. Depending on the importance of services provided on a network, it is necessary to develop different performance management systems for monitoring the infrastructure for different practitioners. The development of required management systems will be possible by integrating the comprehensive compilation of indicators and software tools presented in this study.
Towards Integrating the Gene Ontology and the Hierarchical Bayesian Network Classification Model: An Empirical Case Study
Authors: Alharbi Hasanein
Published: January 2021

Data Mining (DM) is knowledge-intensive process that can be significantly enhanced by integrating the domain knowledge. Recent research claimed that ontology can play various roles in the DM process. Additionally, ontology can facilitate different steps in the Bayesian Network (BN) construction task. To this end, this paper investigates the advantages of consolidating the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Hierarchical Bayesian Network (HBN) classifier in a flexible framework which preserves the advantages of both ontology and Bayesian theory. The proposed Semantically Aware Hierarchical Bayesian Network (SAHBN) classification model introduces a flexible framework that systematically consolidates domain knowledge in the form of ontology and the DM process. Furthermore, it establishes a solid foundation to explore the possibility of integrating more comprehensive ontological knowledge in the DM process. SAHBN is tested using three datasets in the biomedical domain to predict the effect of the DNA repair gene on the human ageing process. DNA repair genes are classified as either ageing-related or non-ageing related based on their GO biological process terms. Overall, SAHBN classifier shows a very competitive performance compared with the existing Bayesian-based classification algorithms. SAHBN has outperformed existing algorithms in more than 50% of the implemented experiments. Six performance criteria were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed SAHBN model.
NUCLEAR: An Efficient Methods for Mining Frequent Itemsets and Generators from Closed Frequent Itemsets
Authors: Philippe Fournier-Viger, Alioune Ngom Huy Quang Pham, Duc Tran, Ninh Bao Duong,
Published: January 2021

Frequent itemset (FI) mining is an interesting data mining task. Instead of directly mining the FIs from data it is preferred to mine only the closed frequent itemsets (CFIs) first and then extract the FIs for each CFI. However, some algorithms require the generators for each CFI in order to extract the FIs, leading to an extra cost. In this paper, we introduce an effective algorithm, called NUCLEAR, which can induce the FIs from the lattice of CFIs without the need of the generators. It can enumerate generators as well by similar fashion. Experimental results showed that NUCLEAR is effective as compared to previous studies, especially, the time for extracting the FIs is usually much smaller than that for mining the CFIs.
The Method of Allocation Centers in Second Kind Fuzzy Graphs With the Largest Vitality Degree
Authors: Stanislav Belyakov, Margarita Knyazeva Alexander Bozhenyuk,
Published: January 2021

The problem of optimal allocation of service centers is considered in this paper. It is supposed that the information received from GIS is presented like second kind fuzzy graphs. Method of optimal location as method of finding vitality fuzzy set of second kind fuzzy graph is suggested. Basis of this method is building procedure of reachability matrix of second kind fuzzy graph in terms of reachability matrix of first kind fuzzy graph. This method allows solving not only problem of finding of optimal service centers location but also finding of optimal location k-centers with the greatest degree and selecting of service center numbers. The algorithm of the definition of vitality fuzzy set for second kind fuzzy graphs is considered. The example of finding optimum allocation centers in second kind fuzzy graph is considered too.
Blockchain and Technologies Matching with the Case of Study of Vegetables Production
Authors: Angelo Galiano, Ugo Picciotti Alessandro Massaro, Vincenzo Maritati, Nicola Savino,
Published: January 2021

The proposed work describes a new approach based on supply chain traceability by blockchain (BC). The basic BC network has been designed and applied for vegetables process monitoring and tracing. The paper proposes some results of an industry research project by describing the whole scenario, the architectures implementing BC, the sequence diagram principle, and the prototype network embedding blocks and transactions. The discussion is also addressed on the possibility to combine different technique such as artificial intelligence, and image processing to improve pre-cut vegetable quality. The paper proposed preliminary results proves that the adopted technologies and the methodologies found in the literature are suitable for the sanitation process certification and for quality traceability. The mentioned approaches are useful to apply the suggested frameworks for other supply chains.
Construcción de un diccionario combinatorio de inglés biomédico
Authors: Verdaguer Clavera Isabel , Laso Martín Natalia Judith
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el proceso de gestación de SciE-Lex, un diccionario combinatorio de términos generales frecuentemente utilizados en inglés biomédico, que nació con el propósito de ayudar a los científicos españoles a redactar artículos científicos en inglés. Como proyecto lexicográfico se integra plenamente en la corriente léxico-gramatical que subraya la estrecha relación entre el léxico y la gramática. Su desarrollo ha venido marcado por tres etapas. En la primera, SciE-Lex proporciona, además del equivalente en español de cada entrada, información morfosintáctica y combinatoria, ilustrada con ejemplos y con notas de uso. En una segunda fase añadimos expresiones prefabricadas e información explícita acerca de su variabilidad, composición, funcionamiento y distribución en el artículo biomédico. Finalmente, en una tercera etapa, aun en desarrollo, nos proponemos introducir la semántica de marcos para establecer relaciones sintáctico-semánticas entre los distintos términos que pertenecen al mismo marco.
Léxico dialectal documentado en textos notariales asturianos del siglo XVII
Authors: Pérez Toral Marta
Published: January 2021

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el análisis del léxico dialectal contenido en documentos notariales asturianos del siglo XVII. El corpus está constituido por documentos originales, manuscritos e inéditos que recogen relaciones de bienes materiales (testamentos, cartas de arras, inventarios, donaciones, etc.), reunidos en el CorLexIn.
Español antiguo recudir y el verbo acudir. Un ejemplo de semántica diacrónica cognitiva
Authors: Santano Moreno Julián
Published: January 2021

El artículo se ocupa del verbo medieval español recudir y su continuador moderno acudir. El método utilizado es el que deriva de la semántica diacrónica cognitiva. El verbo recudir era un verbo deíctico y de movimiento con dirección implicada, movimiento hacia atrás con una dimensión prospectiva detrás. A partir del s. XIII aparece un segundo prototipo con un cambio en la señalización deíctica y un cambio en la dirección prospectiva implicada: la dirección del movimiento es la opuesta, hacia delante con una dimensión prospectiva delante. También el s. XIII aparece un nuevo lexema, acudir, que continúa el segundo prototipo y que acaba por reemplazar recudir. El nuevo lexema presenta como sufijo la preposición a-, que responde al cambio de señalización deíctica y al cambio de la dirección prospectiva implicada del segundo prototipo.
Gender Bias in Employment
Authors: Walker Marquita R.
Published: January 2021

Gender bias in employment is not a new phenomenon. The historical devalued status of women and equity-seeking groups preserved in cultural and social gendered roles permeates the workplace and contributes to institutional structures which are fashioned by and reproduced through traditional norms and mores relegating women and equity-seeking groups to secondary status roles. The question then becomes is the continuation of these reinforced structural norms in the best long-term interest of all humanity? What are we giving up when we relegate over half of the world’s population to secondary and devalued status? What gains could be made if all workers were given the same opportunities, supports, and encouragements to reach their full potential.
Psicologia e esporte: um olhar fenomenológico para um encontro marcado pela modernidade
Authors: CARVALHO Cristianne Almeida
Published: February 2021

Psychology and Sport: a phenomenological look on this meeting marked by Modernity an article that discusses about the relationship between psychology, Sports and Modernity from a phenomenological gaze. Provides a brief walk on the historical contextualization of these issues finally reaching the Psychology of Sport as a product of modernity. In conclusion, although temporary, is important to consider the meeting a scenario of knowledge conducive to the emergence of psychology as a specialty of Sports Psychology.
Audit of lower urinary tract endoscopic procedures in Borno, North-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Tela Usman M. , Lawn Abdu M. , Mohammed Ahmed A. , Dogo Hassan M. , Ghide Bukhari A.
Published: January 2021

Background: Endourology which includes lower urinary tract (LUT) endoscopy, is an important component of standard urological practice worldwide. The objective of our study was to audit the LUT endoscopic procedures performed in Borno, a state in north-eastern Nigeria and share our experience.Methods: We, retrospectively reviewed the Lower urinary Tract endoscopies performed in Borno state over 9 years, from January 2012 to December 2020. Data related to LUT endoscopies were extracted from the patients’ clinical notes and operation theatre registers of the 2 focused hospitals in Borno where endourology procedures were performed (University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital and Royal specialist hospital maiduguri) and then analyzed. Urology patients who did not undergone LUT endoscopy were excluded.Results: We analyzed the data of total sum of 201 patients for the 2 hospitals, which represented the sample size for the study. Mean age of patients was 47.2years, with male to female ratio of 3.5:1. Bladder tumor with or without haematuria (31.3%) was the commonest indication for LUT endoscopy, seconded by removal of ureteric double J stents (23.4%). Urethrocystoscopy (74.0%) was the commonest procedure performed predominantly under local anaesthesia, for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Conclusions: We reported LUT endoscopies in Borno which was commonly indicated in bladder tumors presenting with or without haematuria. Urethrocystoscopy is the commonest procedure. As we get more endourology equipment in the public hospital many of our patients will benefit from these minimally invasive procedures in both lower and upper urinary tract diseases.
A study to know the prevalence of genital tuberculosis in female’s pulmonary tuberculosis patients and role of cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test in genital tuberculosis from North India
Authors: Kumar Anand , Singh Aparjot , Chaudhri Sudhir , Verma Sanjay Kumar , Pandey Kiran , Singh Mahendra , Kant Surya
Published: January 2021

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, most commonly, infects the lungs (pulmonary TB). Most cases of female genital TB (FGTB) are found in premenopausal women, theoretically because an atrophic endometrium provides a poor milieu for mycobacterial growth. Female genital TB generally occurs secondary to pulmonary (commonest) and more common in women with reproductive age group. The present study was designed to know the prevalence of genital tuberculosis in female’s pulmonary tuberculosis patients and role of cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) in genital tuberculosis.Methods: The patients of female’s pulmonary tuberculosis were picked up from out-patient and in patients’ section of the hospital at random. After ruling out pregnancy, the endometrial samples were collected from premenstrual endometrium (approximately 2-3 days before menstruation) and were subjected to histopathological examination and CBNAAT. Day 1 or 2 menstrual blood of unmarried females and patients not giving consent for biopsy were taken.Results: Seventy married and 20 unmarried patients of female pulmonary tuberculosis patients were evaluated for genital tuberculosis. The mean age of married population was 29±7.68 years. Cough with expectoration was most common respiratory symptoms and seen in 94% cases. In present study 89% cases were sputum positive and 11% were sputum negative. The percentage of non MDR and MDR TB cases were respectively 95.7 and 4.2% respectively. Among the gynecological symptom’s irregular menstruation, vaginal discharge and pelvic pain were present in 68, 60 and 52% of the study patients respectively. The diagnosis of FGTB by histopathology examination and CBNAAT were 28.6 and 17.1% respectively.Conclusions: In present study FGTB diagnosed by histopathology examination and CBNAAT were 28.6 and 17.1% respectively and which was statistically significant (c2=28.25 and p value=0.00001).
Effect of blood storage on electrolyte levels
Authors: Namjoshi Abha , Namjoshi Abha , Bhatia Geeta M. , Chaudhari Aparna S. , Chaudhari Aparna S. , Trimbake Sangeeta , Trimbake Sangeeta
Published: January 2021

Background: Blood transfusion can be an immediate life saving measure in several acute conditions such as hemorrhage and anemia. However, various post transfusion complications are observed in patients which may be associated with the storage conditions of the collected blood. Electrolytes play a major role in maintaining homeostasis within the cells. Potassium is the most important extracellular cation responsible for maintenance of the cell integrity. Prolonged and improper storage of blood can lead to leakage of electrolytes, thus changing the cell morphology. This can adversely affect the patients who receive such blood. This study helps us analyze the effect of blood storage on electrolyte levels.Methods: For the study, 10ml of blood was collected from 30 blood bags containing CPDA-1 at the time of blood donation from 30 different volunteers. This blood containing the CPDA-1 was divided into 5 parts of 2ml and each 2ml sample was stored in plain bulbs. All the samples were stored at 4°C. Samples were tested to check for changes in the electrolyte (Na+, K+, Cl-) levels on day 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21. ANOVA was used to calculate the variance in the electrolyte levels.Results: Average sodium level on day 0 was 152.9±3.8 mEq/l. There was a significant decrease and it was measured at 139.5±4.8 mEq/l on day 21. Average potassium level on day 0 was 4.2±0.4 mEq/l. A significant spike was observed in potassium levels. The final reading of potassium level on day 21 was 15.2±0.7 mEq/l. Average chloride level on day 0 was 71.9±6.6 mEq/l which significantly declined to 67±5.9 mEq/l.Conclusions: Though blood is stored in proper conditions, a biochemical change occurs within the cells due to prolonged storage and thus affects its viability.