bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening of disorders associated with osteosarcoma by integrated network analysis
Authors: Dou Yongfeng , Zhu Kai , Sun Zhaozhong , Geng Xiaopeng , Fang Qingmin
Published: April 2019

Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents under the age of 20. However, research on the pathogenesis and treatment of osteosarcoma is still insufficient. In the present study, based on gene-phenotype correlation network, an analysis was performed to screen disorders related to osteosarcoma. First, we analyzed the differential expression of osteosarcoma in two groups according to different types of osteosarcoma and screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to osteosarcoma. Further, these DEG coexpression modules were obtained. Finally, we identified a series of regulatory factors, such as endogenous genes, transcription factors (TFs), and ncRNAs, which have potential regulatory effects on osteosarcoma, based on the prediction analysis of related network of gene phenotypes. A total of 3767 DEGs of osteosarcoma were identified and clustered them into 20 osteosarcoma-related dysfunction modules. And there were 38 endogenous genes (including ARF1, HSP90AB1, and TUBA1B), 53 TFs (including E2F1, NFKB1, and EGR1), and 858 ncRNAs (including MALAT1, miR-590-3p, and TUG1) were considered as key regulators of osteosarcoma through a series of function enrichment analysis and network analysis. Based on the results of the present study, we can show a new way for biologists and pharmacists to reveal the potential molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma typing, and provide valuable reference for different follow-up treatment options.
Dynamic controller design for an IVCIM
Authors: Jain Jitendra Kr. , Ghosh Sandip , Maity Somnath
Published: April 2019

A dynamic output feedback (DOF) controller design is proposed for an indirect vector‐controlled induction motor (IVCIM). The proposed controller is an alternative to the conventional proportional integral (PI) one and can be used for improving the dynamic performance of the IVCIM system. A sequential design method is used in which, first, the inner‐loop controllers are designed. Then, the designed inner‐loop controller is employed to design the outer speed‐loop controller. The procedure incorporates the iron loss dynamics of the induction motor model to fetch the benefit of better performance than conventional controller designs neglecting the same. The DOF controller is designed in an control framework by solving the iterative linear matrix inequality that makes stator currents and speed response to be robust against load disturbances and parameter variations. A first‐order dynamic controller is tested to highlight its superiority over the PI controller. Comparison between the proposed dynamic and conventional PI controller is shown through several experimental results. It depicts enhanced performance by the proposed controller and suitability to industrial use.
Image resizing using fuzzy inferences
Authors: Liu Chou‐Yuan , Chang Chin‐Chen , Way Der‐Lor , Tai Wen‐Kai
Published: April 2019

Here, the authors present a fuzzy‐based approach for image resizing. The authors introduce a new approach for improving the gradient map and saliency map. Authors’ approach first constructs three different sizes of structural elements, which are used for the operation of close–open filtering to process the input image to obtain three smooth images. Then, the authors use edge detection to process these images, and merge them to obtain an improved gradient map. Besides, a saliency map of the input image is calculated. The authors use hedges in fuzzy logic to strengthen the values of the significant pixels and reduce the values of the background pixels. Hence, the authors can obtain an improved saliency map. After that, the authors introduce a technique to generate a weighted map and then to obtain weighted gradient and saliency maps. Finally, the authors use fuzzy‐based approach combining the weighted gradient and saliency maps to obtain an importance map. The map is used when the authors use the seam carving to adjust image size. Experimental results show authors’ approach using the importance map can produce better image resizing results.
Global median filtering forensic method based on Pearson parameter statistics
Authors: Gupta Abhinav , Singhal Divya
Published: April 2019

Median filtering forensics in images is a subject under intense study nowadays. Existing median filtering detectors are developed based on hand‐crafted features and convolutional neural networks (CNN). Among hand‐crafted features based detectors, most of the detector's performance deteriorate for low‐resolution images compressed with low‐quality factors. However, CNN‐based detectors are found to be more robust at the expense of large database and large training time requirement. In this study, the authors propose a robust median filtering detector by exploiting the statistics of the Pearson parameter , is defined as the polynomial ratio of skewness and kurtosis. To capture fingerprints of median filtering, is determined for the median filtered residual (MFR) of the images to construct a novel feature set of 23 dimensions. The efficacy of the proposed feature set, against existing hand‐crafted features based and CNN‐based detectors, is established by a series of experiments for global median filtering detection. Results reveal that the proposed feature set exhibits performance gain of 2–4% against existing hand‐crafted features based detectors and an approximate gain of 4% against CNN‐based detector for detection of low‐resolution median filtered images compressed with low‐quality factors.
ApprGAN: appearance‐based GAN for facial expression synthesis
Authors: Peng Yao , Yin Hujun
Published: April 2019

Facial expression synthesis has drawn increasing attention in computer vision, graphics and animation. Recently, generative adversarial nets (GANs) have become a new perspective for face synthesis and have had remarkable success in generating photorealistic images and image‐to‐image translation. In this study, the authors present an appearance‐based facial expression synthesis framework, ApprGAN, by combining shape and texture and introducing cycle consistency and identity mapping into the adversarial learning. Specifically, given an input face image, a pair of shape and texture generators are trained for synthetic shape deformation and expression detail generation, respectively. Extensive experiments on expression synthesis and cross‐database synthesis were conducted, together with comparisons with the existing methods. Results of expression synthesis and quantitative verification on various databases show the effectiveness of ApprGAN in synthesising photorealistic and identity‐preserving expressions and its marked improvement over the existing methods.
Deep learning‐based helmet wear analysis of a motorcycle rider for intelligent surveillance system
Authors: Yogameena B. , Menaka K. , Saravana Perumaal S.
Published: April 2019

Automatic helmet wear analysis of a motorcycle rider is a promising video surveillance application, as the helmets are indispensable for saving the lives of humans from head injuries during road accidents. This article presents an intelligent video surveillance system for automatically detecting the motorcyclists with and without safety helmets. If the motorcyclists are found without the helmet, his/her license plate (LP) number is recognised to initiate further actions such as deduction of penalty amount from one's account linked with the vehicle license and Aadhar Number (Applicable to Indian Scenario) by the traffic police and the legal authority. First, the foreground objects are segmented, using Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and then labelled. Afterwards, the proposed system adapts faster region‐based convolutional neural network (faster R‐CNN) for the detection of motorcycles in the labelled foreground objects to ensure the presence of motorcyclists. Subsequently, faster R‐CNN is also used for the detection of the motorcyclists with and without helmet. Finally, the LP number of the motorcyclists without the helmet is recognised, using character‐sequence encoding CNN model and spatial transformer (ST). The proposed framework is evaluated, using the performance metric and mean average precision (mAP) on the surveillance dataset and it outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms.
New modulation scheme for bidirectional qZS modular multi‐level converters
Authors: Khera Fatma A. , Klumpner Christian , Wheeler Pat W.
Published: April 2019

This study proposes a dedicated modulation scheme for a bidirectional quasi‐Z‐source (qZS) modular multi‐level converter. The operation principle and a suitable pulse‐width modulation method are proposed. The relation between the modulation index and shoot‐through duty ratio is derived. A formula for calculating the required value of qZS capacitance is given. The simulation results presented in the study validate the operation and the performance of the proposed topology.
Exploring the formation by core accretion and the luminosity evolution of directly imaged planets
Authors: Marleau Gabriel-Dominique , Coleman Gavin A. L. , Leleu Adrien , Mordasini Christoph
Published: April 2019

Context. A low-mass companion to the two-solar mass star HIP 65426 has recently been detected by SPHERE at around 100 au from its host. Explaining the presence of super-Jovian planets at large separations, as revealed by direct imaging, is currently an open question.

Aims. We want to derive statistical constraints on the mass and initial entropy of HIP 65426 b and to explore possible formation pathways of directly imaged objects within the core-accretion paradigm, focusing on HIP 65426 b.

Methods. Constraints on the planet’s mass and post-formation entropy are derived from its age and luminosity combined with cooling models. For the first time, the results of population synthesis are also used to inform the results. Then a formation model that includes N-body dynamics with several embryos per disc is used to study possible formation histories and the properties of possible additional companions. Finally, the outcomes of two- and three-planet scattering in the post-disc phase are analysed, taking tides into account for small-pericentre orbits.

Results. The mass of HIP 65426 b is found to be mp = 9.9−1.8+1.1 MJ using the hot population and mp = 10.9−2.0+1.4 MJ with the cold-nominal population. We find that core formation at small separations from the star followed by outward scattering and runaway accretion at a few hundred astronomical units succeeds in reproducing the mass and separation of HIP 65426 b. Alternatively, systems having two or more giant planets close enough to be on an unstable orbit at disc dispersal are likely to end up with one planet on a wide HIP 65426 b-like orbit with a relatively high eccentricity (≳ 0.5).

Conclusions. If this scattering scenario explains its formation, HIP 65426 b is predicted to have a high eccentricity and to be accompanied by one or several roughly Jovian-mass planets at smaller semi-major axes, which also could have a high eccentricity. This could be tested by further direct-imaging as well as radial-velocity observations.
The ALMA-PILS survey: gas dynamics in IRAS 16293−2422 and the connection between its two protostars
Authors: van der Wiel M. H. D. , Jacobsen S. K. , Jørgensen J. K. , Bourke T. L. , Kristensen L. E. , Bjerkeli P. , Murillo N. M. , Calcutt H. , Müller H. S. P. , Coutens A. , Drozdovskaya M. N. , Favre C. , Wampfler S. F.
Published: April 2019

Context. The majority of stars form in binary or higher order systems. The evolution of each protostar in a multiple system may start at different times and may progress differently. The Class 0 protostellar system IRAS 16293–2422 contains two protostars, “A” and “B”, separated by ~600 au and embedded in a single, 104 au scale envelope. Their relative evolutionary stages have been debated.

Aims. We aim to study the relation and interplay between the two protostars A and B at spatial scales of 60 au up to ~103 au.

Methods. We selected molecular gas line transitions of the species CO, H2CO, HCN, CS, SiO, and C2H from the ALMA-PILS spectral imaging survey (329–363 GHz) and used them as tracers of kinematics, density, and temperature in the IRAS 16293–2422 system. The angular resolution of the PILS data set allows us to study these quantities at a resolution of 0.5′′ (60 au at the distance of the source).

Results. Line-of-sight velocity maps of both optically thick and optically thin molecular lines reveal: (i) new manifestations of previously known outflows emanating from protostar A; (ii) a kinematically quiescent bridge of dust and gas spanning between the two protostars, with an inferred density between 4 × 104 cm−3 and ~3 × 107 cm−3; and (iii) a separate, straight filament seemingly connected to protostar B seen only in C2H, with a flat kinematic signature. Signs of various outflows, all emanating from source A, are evidence of high-density and warmer gas; none of them coincide spatially and kinematically with the bridge.

Conclusions. We hypothesize that the bridge arc is a remnant of filamentary substructure in the protostellar envelope material from which protostellar sources A and B have formed. One particular morphological structure appears to be due to outflowing gas impacting the quiescent bridge material. The continuing lack of clear outflow signatures unambiguously associated to protostar B and the vertically extended shape derived for its disk-like structure lead us to conclude that source B may be in an earlier evolutionary stage than source A.
Formation of planetary systems by pebble accretion and migration
Authors: Lambrechts Michiel , Morbidelli Alessandro , Jacobson Seth A. , Johansen Anders , Bitsch Bertram , Izidoro Andre , Raymond Sean N.
Published: April 2019

Super-Earths – planets with sizes between the Earth and Neptune – are found in tighter orbits than that of the Earth around more than one third of main sequence stars. It has been proposed that super-Earths are scaled-up terrestrial planets that also formed similarly, through mutual accretion of planetary embryos, but in discs much denser than the solar protoplanetary disc. We argue instead that terrestrial planets and super-Earths have two clearly distinct formation pathways that are regulated by the pebble reservoir of the disc. Through numerical integrations, which combine pebble accretion and N-body gravity between embryos, we show that a difference of a factor of two in the pebble mass flux is enough to change the evolution from the terrestrial to the super-Earth growth mode. If the pebble mass flux is small, then the initial embryos within the ice line grow slowly and do not migrate substantially, resulting in a widely spaced population of approximately Mars-mass embryos when the gas disc dissipates. Subsequently, without gas being present, the embryos become unstable due to mutual gravitational interactions and a small number of terrestrial planets are formed by mutual collisions. The final terrestrial planets are at most five Earth masses. Instead, if the pebble mass flux is high, then the initial embryos within the ice line rapidly become sufficiently massive to migrate through the gas disc. Embryos concentrate at the inner edge of the disc and growth accelerates through mutual merging. This leads to the formation of a system of closely spaced super-Earths in the five to twenty Earth-mass range, bounded by the pebble isolation mass. Generally, instabilities of these super-Earth systems after the disappearance of the gas disc trigger additional merging events and dislodge the system from resonant chains. Therefore, the key difference between the two growth modes is whether embryos grow fast enough to undergo significant migration. The terrestrial growth mode produces small rocky planets on wider orbits like those in the solar system whereas the super-Earth growth mode produces planets in short-period orbits inside 1 AU, with masses larger than the Earth that should be surrounded by a primordial H/He atmosphere, unless subsequently lost by stellar irradiation. The pebble flux – which controls the transition between the two growth modes – may be regulated by the initial reservoir of solids in the disc or the presence of more distant giant planets that can halt the radial flow of pebbles.
Stringent limits on the magnetic field strength in the disc of TW Hya
Authors: Vlemmings W. H. T. , Lankhaar B. , Cazzoletti P. , Ceccobello C. , Dall’Olio D. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Facchini S. , Humphreys E. M. L. , Persson M. V. , Testi L. , Williams J. P.
Published: April 2019

Despite their importance in the star formation process, measurements of magnetic field strength in proto-planetary discs remain rare. While linear polarisation of dust and molecular lines can give insight into the magnetic field structure, only observations of the circular polarisation produced by Zeeman splitting provide a direct measurement of magnetic field strenghts. One of the most promising probes of magnetic field strengths is the paramagnetic radical CN. Here we present the first Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the Zeeman splitting of CN in the disc of TW Hya. The observations indicate an excellent polarisation performance of ALMA, but fail to detect significant polarisation. An analysis of eight individual CN hyperfine components as well as a stacking analysis of the strongest (non-blended) hyperfine components yields the most stringent limits obtained so far on the magnetic field strength in a proto-planetary disc. We find that the vertical component of the magnetic field |Bz| < 0.8 mG (1σ limit). We also provide a 1σ toroidal field strength limit of <30 mG. These limits rule out some of the earlier accretion disc models, but remain consistent with the most recent detailed models with efficient advection. We detect marginal linear polarisation from the dust continuum, but the almost purely toroidal geometry of the polarisation vectors implies that his is due to radiatively aligned grains.
Dynamic mechanical properties and morphology characteristics of rubber-toughened poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Mat Desa Mohd Shaiful Zaidi , Hassan Azman , Arsad Agus , Yusop Masleeyati
Published: April 2019

This study investigates the effect of natural rubber (NR), epoxidised natural rubber (ENR), and core-shell rubber (CSR) as toughening agents for poly(lactic acid) (PLA). PLA/rubber blends were prepared by using melt blending method in a twin-screw extruder, with the content of rubbers was fixed at 5 wt. %. All PLA/rubber blends exhibited lower storage modulus compared to neat PLA. Two-stage storage modulus (E’) was also observed, where the first stage occurred at lower temperature corresponded to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of rubber components, whereas the second E’ corresponded to the Tg of PLA. The impact fracture surface of PLA/rubber blends also exhibited phase-separated morphology where the spherical-shaped rubber particles were clearly present in the PLA matrix.
Efforts to Improve PBI/Acid Membrane System for High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC)
Authors: Daud Nur Anati Bazilah , Abouzari Lotf Ebrahim , Sophia Sha’rani Saidatul , Nasef Mohamed M. , Ahmad Arshad , Rasit Ali Roshafima
Published: April 2019

The global expansion of industry and technology has brought various environmental issues especially in atmospheric pollution and global warming. These resulted in various R&D activities on renewable energy resources and devices. Developing high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) is one of them. Over the past decades, this research has been received the most attention for various stationary and transportation applications. This is due to inherent advantages of operation above 100 °C including improved tolerance toward CO poisoning, enhanced electrode kinetics, easier heat dissipation and water management as well as better thermodynamic quality of the produced heat. Poly (benzimidazoles)-phosphoric acid (PBI/PA) is the well-established membrane for HT-PEMFC applications replacing perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes, which operate in the temperature range of below 100 °C. Nevertheless, there have been concerns on the durability and stability of such PEMFC, which negatively affected their widespread commercialization. In this paper, problems regarding this acid-base complex membrane system and modifications as well as some techniques used to overcome these issues will be outlined.
Aerogel-based materials for adsorbent applications in material domains
Authors: Zubair Nur Afifah , Abouzari-Lotf Ebrahim , Mahmoud Nasef Mohamed , Abdullah Ezzat Chan
Published: April 2019

Aerogels are considered to be promising materials in various applications due to their exclusive properties. Over the last decades, the potential of organic, inorganic, or hybrid aerogels has been practically exploited in different fields of use. Some aerogel compositions have been patented recently but their application in the area of adsorption remains limited. This review intends to discuss the potential of aerogels as adsorbents, which is summarised from the more recent progressive research and their capabilities. Furthermore, the potential of aerogels as viable absorbents for environmental remediation is also discussed. After a short introduction covering the aerogel properties, preparation procedures, and their possible classification options, the review is structured based on their possible use as adsorbents.
A comparison of CO2 adsorption behaviour of mono- and diamine-functionalised adsorbents
Authors: Mohamad Noor Ashikin , Abouzari Lotf Ebrahim , Mohamed M. Nasef , Arshad Ahmad , Abdullah TAT
Published: April 2019

The paper presents a study for investigating i) the effect of amination of poly(GMA)-grafted polyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP) substrates with trimethylamine (TMA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) and ii) their impact on carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption capacity of the obtained adsorbents. The chemical, structural, and morphological changes of the aminated adsorbents were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The amination yield with TMA was 40% higher than EDA. However, the obtained adsorbent showed two times lower CO2 adsorption capacity (at 30 bars) than the adsorbent with EDA and stood at 0.6 mmol g-1 compared to 1.2 mmol g-1.
Flocculation behaviour of bioflocculant produced from chicken viscera
Authors: Ndejiko Jibrin Mohammed , Zana Wan Dagang Wan Rosmiza
Published: April 2019

The flocculation performance of bioflocculant produced by Aspergillus flavus S44-1 grown on chicken viscera hydrolysate was investigated. The investigations were carried out using jar testing and kaolin clay suspension as model wastewater. The bioflocculant yielded a minimum of 83.1% efficiency in flocculating 2-12 g L-1 kaolin clay suspension over a wide temperature range (4-80 °C) and functioned maximally at neutral pH. The bioflocculant significantly flocculated different suspended particles such as activated carbon (92%), soil solid (94.8%), and algae (69.4%) at varying concentrations. Bridging mediated by cation is suggested as the main mechanism of flocculation by the present bioflocculant.
Preliminary torrefaction of oil palm empty fruit bunch pellets
Authors: Nyakuma Bemgba B. , Ahmad Arshad , Johari Anwar , Abdullah Tuan Amran T. , Oladokun Olagoke , Al-Shatri Ali H. , Ripin Adnan , Alir Afizah
Published: April 2019

Torrefaction of pelletised oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) is a promising pretreatment technique for improving its solid biofuel properties and energy recovery potential. Therefore, this paper investigates the torrefaction of OPEFB pellets to examine the effects of temperature and purge gas flow rate on mass yield (MY), energy yield (EY), and mass loss (ML). The results revealed that MY and EY decreased due to significant ML during torrefaction. Furthermore, significant improvements in the higher heating value (HHV) and energy density (DE) were observed. The torrefaction temperature increased liquid (tar) and gas yields mainly above 300 °C at the expense of solid products. However, the effect of purge gas flow rate on the torrefaction products was found to be negligible. Consequently, the torrefaction of OPEFB pellets were limited to 250-300 °C, 30 min, and nitrogen (N2) gas flow rate of 200 ml min-1.
Hydrogen adsorption capacity using modified nickel-kenaf core at different concentrations
Authors: Ezaty S. N. , Zaini N. , Farahhin N. J. , Kamarudin K. S. N.
Published: April 2019

In this study, surface chemistry modification of kenaf adsorbent in adsorptive hydrogen storage system was computationally investigated using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and elemental dispersion X-ray (EDX) analysis, in which the suitability of the adsorbent was determined with detailed physicochemical characterisation analysis. The method used for surface modification was metal deposition method using Ni(NO3)2 with various concentrations at different levels of pressure (up to 6 bars). Based on this research, modified kenaf with 0.4 M Ni(NO3)2 and 2.559 m2 g-1 adsorbed up to 1.013 mmol g-1 of hydrogen compared to the raw kenaf with only 0.396 mmol g-1 of hydrogen adsorbed in 5 h. Two consecutive cycles of adsorption were carried out to show the delivery performance of hydrogen adsorptive storage. Thus, different adsorption ability between the modified kenaf and raw kenaf shows that Ni-metal on kenaf surface assists in hydrogen adsorption process.
Modelling pressure distribution in sonicated ethanol solution using COMSOL simulation
Authors: Hasnul Hadi Nur Amira , Ahmad Arshad , Oladokun Olagoke
Published: April 2019

Ultrasound application has been reported to assist chemical processes as a result of various physiochemical effects during acoustic cavitation phenomena in a liquid. In this study, acoustic pressure distribution in ethanol solution induced by ultrasonic waves in a sonoreactor was investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The variations of acoustic pressure distribution in ethanol liquid were investigated through a single-phase incompressible model developed by varying the frequency of an ultrasonic transducer. The simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics shows that the acoustic wave emitted from the bottom of the sonoreactor generated multiple layers of high acoustic pressure distribution. The fluctuating pressure magnitude along the sonoreactor shows that constructive interference produced high acoustic pressure region whereas destructive interference resulted in low acoustic pressure. Meanwhile, the distance over sound wave can travel before attenuation occurs is much further at 60 kHz. These results support the theory that wave attenuation is strongly frequency dependent.
Integration of fault tree and importance measure for toxic prevention barrier
Authors: Shadiah H. M. Nor , Arshad Ahmad , Mohamed A. R. Khalil , Olagoke Oladokun
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the procedure of integrating importance measures into fault tree analysis. Importance measures (IM) are analytical tools developed to quantitatively appraise the contribution of a plant component towards the overall risk. As part of safety assessment, this method can be used to rank and identify the root cause of undesired events. The critical component is usually prioritised in order to improve the reliability of the system. Fussell-Vesely (FV) importance measure is one of the most commonly used IM. This method is applied to a case study involving typical toxic prevention barriers based on an LNG liquefaction plant. This paper also includes event ranking using other IM.
Applicability of energy storage units to electric transport
Authors: Voloshin Kirill , Bocharov Yuri , Gyulikhandanov Evgeniy , Sopozhnikov Sergey , Kolpishon Eduard , Barilovich Vladimir , Matisov Boris , Topazh Grigoriy , Lyamaev Boris , Nagornyy Vladimir
Published: April 2019

The paper analyzes the possibility for replacement hydrocarbon fuels by energy storage devices in transport. The technical characteristics of the modern batteries and ultracapacitors are presented, their specific parameters are estimated. Energy and power requirements for various driving styles of the vehicles are estimated. The determination of requirements for energy storage devices and the evaluation of applicability of energy storage units are demonstrated in the article.
Dynamic B-SIM application for energy consumption estimation of DOAS with FCU HVAC system during design phase
Authors: Harmathy Norbert
Published: April 2019

The investigation presents a strategic approach during the design process using advanced energy performance simulation technology. Team coordination and building performance efficiency during the design process is aided by conducting a performance based assessment with comprehensive fully incorporated design, construction, energy, HVAC and annual building operation. Performance based decision making is demonstrated through an office building complex. The engineering decisions were based on performance enhancement and overall energy demand reduction, which was evaluated on an annual basis. The building envelope’s dominant curtain wall system was analyzed in detail in order to demonstrate qualitative energy performance improvement. DOAS with FCU HVAC system’s annual energy performance was estimated and evaluated from the aspect of end-use energy.
3D-flexible intumescent fire protection mesh for building structures
Authors: Gravit Marina , Simonenko Yana , Yablonskii Leonid
Published: April 2019

The increased operational properties, main of which - ensuring fire resistance in the conditions of the hydrocarbon mode of the fire, resistance to low temperatures and lack of wet processes at installation are necessary for means of fire protection of structures of buildings and constructions of an oil and gas complex. The review of means of fire protection of new type - the constructive bent fire protection which advantage is the set of positive characteristics as constructive fire protection (a plate, a shell, etc. with dry process of installation), and coverings is submitted (plasters, epoxy structures, etc. with wet process of installation). Domestic experts (LTD Promizol, Moscow) developed the constructive bent fire protection for increase in building constructions of buildings and constructions of an oil and gas complex keeping operational properties in the conditions of the Arctic climate. Means of fire protection represents a grid with 3D - the reinforced structure. The closest analogy are products of the Hapuflam GmbH and FLAMRO companies, but at the moment there are no data on a possibility of use in the conditions of the Arctic region for protection of bearing structures and cable systems.
Environmentally friendly building materials for residential high-rise construction
Authors: Kazaryan Ruben , Khvan Vitaly
Published: April 2019

Materials, products and systems used as finishing of external surfaces and/or interior rooms when erecting or reconstructing buildings and structures should: protect the person in the room finished with these materials from the pathogenic effects of materials, products and building systems; if possible, do not exert pathological physiological and/or activity loads on people carrying out production or life activities in rooms finished with these materials and/or equipped with products and systems. As a result of the research, it was found that the source of 80% of the chemicals found in the air environment of the apartments is used construction and finishing materials. Currently, the quality of raw materials for building materials and the building materials and structures themselves are determined by GOST and Technical Specifications. A civil engineer is required to correctly select a material, product, or structure that has sufficient strength, reliability, and durability for specific conditions. Safe in themselves, finishing materials, products, and systems in the composition can acquire and demonstrate new properties. Therefore, the study of this problem is an urgent task of the near future and one of the directions of construction anthropotechnology, in particular, when implementing high-rise construction projects.
Properties of cement stone structure depending on the dispersion of calcium sulfoaluminate
Authors: Zorin Dmitriy A.
Published: April 2019

Effect of expanding aluminate hardening additives dispersity on formation of cement stone structure is studied. It is shown that the greatest expansion effect in combination with stone high strength is due to 4CaO3Al2O3CaOSiO2 mineral fractions of 45-63 μm in size. Large crystals of ettringite are gradually formed in hardening stone, when finely ground component of Portland cement becomes highly strong due to its rapid hydration. Under these circumstances, ettringite crystallization results in system expansion.
Structure formation of gypsum binder with zinc hydrosilicates
Authors: Grishina Anna , Korolev Evgenij
Published: April 2019

Due to high danger of mold fungi spores for humans, it is necessary to develop new fungicidal building materials, especially – materials that help to maintain biosafety in interior rooms. One of such materials is the fungicidal gypsum binder. The aim of the present work was to study the process of structure formation of gypsum in case of the presence of a previously developed fungicidal modifier which is based on hydrosilicate systems with zinc in different quantities. The studies were carried out in accordance with current regulations. The rheological and mechanical properties, including normal density, setting time and compressive strength were determined. The titrimetric method of analysis was used for determination of the content of calcium ions in the solution. It was revealed that the zinc content in the modifier does not affect the mobility of the mixture; however, it changes the rate of formation of the gypsum stone and also affects its strength. In particular, when the ratio ν(Zn)/ν(Si) is equal to 0.9, there was an increase of setting time. The mechanism of the formation of gypsum stone also changes: influence of both constructive and destructive factors simultaneously decreases. The latter was confirmed by the peculiarities of the binding of calcium ions in the presence of a fungicidal modifier.
Calculation of nonlinear elastic three-layer cylindrical shell of finite length with taking into account the continuous inhomogeneity caused by the temperature field
Authors: Andreev Vladimir I. , Polyakova Lyudmila S.
Published: April 2019

The article deals with the problem of determining the stressstrain state of a thick-walled cylindrical shell hinged on the rim near the ends, which is exposed to temperature effects. The shell consists of three layers: two layers of heat-resistant concrete and a steel outer layer. The calculation takes into account the continuous inhomogeneity of materials caused by a stationary temperature field, as well as the nonlinear nature of concrete deformation. The nonlinear problem with variable parameters of elasticity E and ν was solved by the method of successive approximations.
Masonry using “Termo Blok” blocks
Authors: Stratiy Paul , Melnikova Anastasia , Klykov Ilya , Russkiy Aleksandr
Published: April 2019

The following article reviews a new masonry energy-efficient erection technology using hollow blocks termosblocks, which provides construction of vertically continuous and horizontally intermittent insulating layer. Thermal insolent insets are placed inside the inner cavities of the block. The study is aimed to establish the boundaries of using this technology. Therefore, central compression tests were conducted in order to determine the tensile strength of the block. Also, a reduced thermal resistance and energy-efficiency of a masonry fragment was calculated. In order to verify thermal engineering model, an experiment was conducted in which the temperature inside the structure was measured using contact temperature sensors. Additional control of temperature fields spreading was proceeded using thermal imager. On the basis of the obtained data, termosblocks masonry operational characteristics were estimated, and the study result was defined.
Organizational optimization of construction processes by virtue of robotization
Authors: Makovetskaya Elena , Deniskina Antonina , Krylov Egor , Urumova Fatima
Published: April 2019

The comparative analysis of two options for investment and construction projects, with partial robotization of production and traditional work organization was conducted on the criterion of time and cost minimizing the of construction. The use of two robot types was considered, a bricklayer and a plasterer robot. As a comparison result of main quantitative indicators of construction organization plan, it was found that the use of robots reduced the duration of construction, expenditures and labor costs. Lack of fatiguability, lunch breaks, smoke breaks, conversations, illnesses, as well as round-the-clock operation, the absence of malicious intents, no theft and, therefore, procedural violations, composition disorders, etc., allows to look at the introduction prospect of construction robots with optimism.
Efficiency of stabilization of slag suspensions by polycarboxylate
Authors: Samchenko Svetlana , Kozlova Irina , Zemskova Olga , Potaev Denis , Tsakhilova Dana
Published: April 2019

The paper describes the method of stabilization of slag suspensions prepared on the basis of finely ground slag (FGS) with a predominant particle size of 1-7 μm, a plasticizer based on polycarboxylate (polycarboxylate). In suspension, FGS particles form two types of micelles with negative and positive surface charges. It has been established that stabilization with polycarboxylate, which is an anionic long-chain surfactant, affects slag particles with a positive surface charge. The formation of strong and elastic gel-like films on the surface of FGS leads to an increase in the structural and mechanical factor of aggregative stability of slag suspensions. Thus, the stabilization of slag particles by polycarboxylate is ensured by electrostatic, structural and mechanical factors of aggregative stability. It was established experimentally that the introduction of polycarboxylate into the aqueous dispersion medium increases the aggregative and sedimentation stability of slag suspensions. In the first period of particle sedimentation, on average, stability of slag suspensions is increased by 36 times, in the second period - 19 times, in the third period - 4 times. To ensure stability of slag suspensions, the protective number and the optimal concentration of the polycarboxylate are determined. The protective number of the suspension was 0,016 g/l; the optimal concentration of polycarboxylate - 4 g/l.
Applicability of thin-walled structures for energy-savings in steel construction
Authors: Korsun Natalia D. , Prostakishina Daria A.
Published: April 2019

The paper discusses the use of lightweight thin-walled structures which make it possible to save resources in steel construction. The highlighted challenges that this industry face in the Russian Federation involve insufficient development of the domestic standards. A thin-walled sigma-profile element with 300 mm in a section height has been studied. The element, its design diagram and loading have been chosen taking into account the structural performance of the columns and girders involved in CFS frameworks. The paper presents analysis technique for a thin-walled profile which performs under axial compression and axial bending compression. The structures have been calculated taking into account their main feature - the initial geometric imperfections. The analysis of the changed effective characteristics and stresses in the cross-section has revealed the significant influence of the initial geometric imperfections of the profiles and location of the extra eccentricity against the element’s initial curvatures. The elastic-plastic behaviour of material occurs when the stresses in the full cross-section achieve 0.71 Ryignoring the initial geometric imperfections, and 0.58 Ry– with regard to them. The paper substantiates the need to consider unevenness of the mechanical properties of steel distributed over the cross-section of the profile. Based on the experimental data obtained, conclusions have been drawn on the necessary adaptation of the indirect method for evaluating the strength characteristics of thin-walled samples.
Organizational and managerial approach to the energy management system in a company
Authors: Minnullina Anna , Savoskina Elena
Published: April 2019

The paper discusses the key areas for improving the energy efficiency of companies both at the stage of implementing the energy management system and as part of its improvement. Within the framework of the organizational and management approach, the deadlines and responsible persons for the implementation of measures for the introduction and operation of the energy management system were developed, and a matrix of distribution of organizational and management tasks was proposed, which gives a description of the degree of participation of each unit in the implementation of energy management activities in a company.
Energy audit of industrial enterprises on the basis of energy and resource saving evaluation
Authors: Anisimova Valeriya Y. , Tukavkin Nikolay M. , Chirkunova Ekaterina K.
Published: April 2019

Modeling of an audit of industrial enterprises energy efficiency on the basis of energy and resource saving evaluation deals with the development of conceptual model domain of manufacturing enterprises resource saving and energy efficiency evaluation, and also with the clarification of the basic definitions of energy management informatization. The organizational, technical and technological development of industrial subset of analyzed enterprises is projected with regard to the continuity, cyclicality, route of all technological processes. These processes are formed by using modular-technological and readily replaceable equipment and modern informatization systems which allow to get the necessary production and managing information just-in-time for all executive staff and engineers about the run-out production and the state of production on the basis of quick and strategic synchronization of all the components of production functioning, including energetic resource saving of production processes. In order to find solutions to the named above accurate theoretical problems of audit modeling of energy and resource saving index of the industrial enterprises which are focused on the rise of energy efficiency, the complex model of evaluation of the management, production organization and resources optimization quality level is suggested, where we take as a basis theoretical and methodological principles of modeling of main components of enterprise business processes on the base of diagnostics and synchronization of production processes that are gained due to informatization systems.
Market potential for industrial ash and slag waste in Primorsky Krai, Russia
Authors: Taskin Andrei , Elkin Oleg , Fedotov Demyan
Published: April 2019

This article addresses the issues of estimating economic benefits of ash and slag resource potential in Primorsky Krai on the example of CHPP-2, Vladivostok. The conducted research focused on chemical and ultimate composition of ash and slag waste (ASW) of heat power plants of Primorsky Krai. The research objectives were to determine the commercially valuable components and opportunities for their conversion into saleable products. The resource potential of Vladivostok CHPP-2 landfill was determined. Estimates on economic benefits of ASW conversion process were obtained.
Industry and Entrepreneurship component of the Murmansk region construction complex strategic chart
Authors: Kozlov Aleksandr , Gutman Svetlana , Tereshko Ekaterina
Published: April 2019

A key condition for the sustainable development of the Russian Federation Arctic Zone (RFAZ) territories is a well-developed infrastructure of the region. By the term “infrastructure of the region”, it is common to mean the whole set of functional systems that ensure the vital activity and competitiveness of the region. One of basic elements of the infrastructure is the region’s construction complex, which includes housing construction (low-rise and high-rise), industrial construction, social construction, cultural construction, road construction, and general construction. This study explores the strategic development of the construction complex of the Murmansk region as one of the RFAZ territories. Strategic development of the regional construction complex is provided by construction companies and organizations. The analysis of construction enterprises and organizations activity showed that the construction complex development depends strongly on economic crises. In this regard, the list of actions that allow providing balanced development for the regional construction complex has been offered. Based on the identified activities, benchmarks were identified, and the “Industry and Entrepreneurship” component of the strategic chart for the Murmansk region construction complex was developed.
Dependence of the human flow density from the staircase and exit width
Authors: Gravit Marina , Dmitriev Ivan , Kuzenkov Kirill , Lunyakov Mikhail
Published: April 2019

The article studies the dependence of the human flow density on two main parameters: the width of the staircase and the number of people on the floor. It was established that violation of standards in terms of the entrance door width and the presence of a stair hall have a strong influence on the total time of evacuation due to the formation of clusters. The tabular dependence of the maximum human flow density on the staircase width on the number of people per floor was obtained. On the basis of this dependence, the graph was built, which can be used in the stair width design, taking into account the allowable human flows density in the case of known average number of people on each floor of the building.
Development strategy of informative footpaths of the Crimea
Authors: Kalinkina Svetlana , Nikiforova Maria , Kulik Valentina , Lazitskaya Natalya , Tregulova Irina
Published: April 2019

In modern conditions of development of the Russian tourism market, the practice of introducing “informative paths” routes as one of the forms of interpretation of a healthy lifestyle and a desire to protect the environment is becoming popular. For high-quality functioning of walking routes in Russia in general and the Republic of the Crimea in particular, it is necessary to carry out systematization and expert assessment of old routes, to carry out routine planning of the new ones. For the development and deployment of the existing and new informative walking tours, working out and adaptation of the development strategy of such tourist routes are necessary. The authors claim that a necessary element in developing a strategy for organizing informative walking tours is the diagnosis of the current strategy for managing informative walking tourism. During the research, its own development strategy of modern informative footpaths was developed, which is based on four main forms of strategic development: strategy of growth, development strategy, strategy of business, and strategy of competitiveness. Proceeding from the proposed mechanisms for the development strategy of informative footpaths, quality indicators can be achieved through a methodical approach to the development of a strategy for the development of “informative paths” to achieve compliance with the requirements of the tourist services market, existing goals, forms, methods, procedures, and projects.