bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Personality, Luck Beliefs, and (Non-?) Problem Lottery Gambling
Authors: Thompson Edmund R. , Prendergast Gerard P. , Dericks Gerard H.
Published: November 2019

This study offers both the first systematic investigation of the relationship between the five-factor personality model and general (ostensibly non-problem) lottery gambling, and the first application of Thompson and Prendergast’s (2013) bidimensional model of luck beliefs to gambling behavior. Cross-sectional analyses (N = 844) indicate the bidimensional model of luck beliefs significantly accounts for variance in lottery gambling that is discrete from and greater than that of the five-factor personality model. Moreover, the broad pattern of relationships we find between presumably harmless state-sponsored lottery gambling and both personality and luck beliefs tend to parallel those found in studies of problem gambling, suggesting implications for quality of life and public policy in relation to lottery gambling.
Cancer-related cognitive problems at work: experiences of survivors and professionals
Authors: Klaver Kete M. , Duijts Saskia F. A. , Engelhardt Ellen G. , Geusgens Chantal A. V. , Aarts Maureen J. B. , Ponds Rudolf W. H. M. , van der Beek Allard J. , Schagen Sanne B.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Cancer-related cognitive problems (cancer-related cognitive problems) in working cancer survivors are found to affect work outcomes. We aimed to generate in-depth information regarding cancer-related cognitive problems in working cancer survivors, strategies used to cope with cancer-related cognitive problems at work, and needs of cancer survivors and professionals regarding cancer-related cognitive problems at work.

Methods

Five focus groups were formed, amongst which three focus groups with cancer survivors (n = 8, n = 7, and n = 8) and two focus groups with professionals (n = 7, n = 8). Thematic analysis of the transcripts was performed to create concepts.

Results

Both cancer survivors and professionals confirmed that cancer-related cognitive problems, which occurred in several domains of neurocognitive functioning, affect work functioning. Cancer survivors used several strategies (e.g., applying practical adjustments, re-organization of work, and accepting limitations) to cope with cancer-related cognitive problems at work, as did professionals in their attempt at supporting cancer survivors facing these problems. Various needs of cancer survivors (e.g., supportive care options, acknowledgment by others) and professionals (e.g., improvement of expertise, clarity about referral pathways) regarding cancer-related cognitive problems at work were mentioned.

Conclusions

Due to the growing number of working cancer survivors dealing with cancer-related cognitive problems, it is essential to sustain their employability. Therefore, cognitive rehabilitation interventions should be developed, taking functioning at work into account. Knowledge amongst professionals regarding cancer-related cognitive problems, as well as coordination of care for cancer-related cognitive problems, should be improved. Ensuring professional education regarding cancer-related cognitive problems, within both the healthcare and occupational setting, is of utmost importance.

Implications for cancer survivors

Support for working cancer survivors who experience cancer-related cognitive problems might increase their employability in the longer term.
Regularity Estimates for the p-Sobolev Flow
Authors: Kuusi Tuomo , Misawa Masashi , Nakamura Kenta
Published: November 2019

We study doubly nonlinear parabolic equation arising from the gradient flow for p-Sobolev type inequality, referred as p-Sobolev flow from now on, which includes the classical Yamabe flow on a bounded domain in Euclidean space in the special case $$p=2$$p=2. In this article we establish a priori estimates and regularity results for the p-Sobolev type flow, which are necessary for further analysis and classification of limits as time tends to infinity.
Accelerated cuckoo optimization algorithm for the multi-objective welding process
Authors: Mellal Mohamed Arezki , Salhi Abdellah , Williams Edward J.
Published: November 2019

Welding is a well-known process in manufacturing industries due to its importance. Several process parameters should be tuned in order to perform a high-quality welding. Usually, the problem is described as an optimization one and the challenge is to reconcile conflicting objectives. This paper deals with a multi-objective welding process namely the submerged arc welding process, involving five objectives. The weighted sum approach is used to handle it. An accelerated cuckoo optimization algorithm is implemented for this process model and applied to a practical instance of it. On this practical example, the superiority of the proposed optimization technique has been demonstrated in terms of better solutions and fewer required generations of the cuckoos relative to the basic COA and four other optimization algorithms.
NGP 555, a γ‐secretase modulator, shows a beneficial shift in the ratio of amyloid biomarkers in human cerebrospinal fluid at safe doses
Authors: Kounnas Maria Z. , Durakoglugil Murat S. , Herz Joachim , Comer William T.
Published: November 2019

Introduction

Currently, there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it is widely accepted that AD is a complex disease with multiple approaches necessary to prevent and treat the disease.

Methods

Using amyloid biomarkers in human cerebrospinal fluid, pharmacokinetic, safety, and metabolism studies, we investigate the properties of NGP 555, γ‐secretase modulator, for the first time in human clinical trials.

Results

Our preclinical and clinical studies combined show beneficial effects with NGP 555 on synaptic response and amyloid cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers while avoiding negative side effects. Importantly, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters combined with safety outcomes indicate that NGP 555 penetrates the blood‐brain barrier and increases the ratio of amyloid‐β peptide Aβ37 and Aβ38 compared with that of Aβ42, establishing a proof of target engagement in humans in a 14 day, once‐daily oral dosing trial.

Discussion

In humans, NGP 555 has demonstrated a beneficial shift in the production of Aβ37 and Aβ38 versus Aβ42 biomarker levels in the cerebrospinal fluid while maintaining an adequate safety profile. The overall clinical goal is to achieve an optimal balance of efficacy for altering amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) biomarkers while maintaining a safe profile so that NGP 555 can be given early in AD to prevent production of Aβ42 and accumulation of amyloid plaques, in an effort to prevent aggregation of tau and destruction of neurons and synapses resulting in cognitive decline.
Frequent universality criterion and densities
Authors: ERNST R. , MOUZE A.
Published: November 2019

We improve a recent result by giving the optimal conclusion both to the frequent universality criterion and the frequent hypercyclicity criterion using the notion of $A$-densities, where $A$ refers to some weighted densities sharper than the natural lower density. Moreover, we construct an operator which is logarithmically frequently hypercyclic but not frequently hypercyclic.
Psychometric evaluation of the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in young adults with chronic health conditions
Authors: Nearchou F. , Davies A. , Hennessy E.
Published: November 2019

Introduction.

The Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is one of the most widely employed tools for measuring perceived social support from three sources: family, friends and a significant other. This study aimed to establish the factor structure of the MSPSS in young adults living with chronic health conditions (CHCs). It also aimed to examine the reliability and convergent validity of the tool.

Methods.

A cross-sectional quantitative design was applied. Participants (n = 123, 90 females) were students aged 18–25 years recruited from Colleges of Further Education in Ireland (mean age of 20.1 years, s.d. = 2.43). Participants completed the MSPSS and two subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey that assessed social functioning and emotional well-being.

Results.

Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution of the MSPSS in young adults living with CHCs. The three factors together explained 83% of the variance in MSPSS scores. All the items had high loadings on the factors (0.72–0.94). The MSPSS showed satisfactory reliability and convergent validity.

Conclusions.

These findings suggest that the MSPSS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring perceived social support from three sources in young adults living with CHCs. Social support has been associated with positive outcomes in young adults living with CHCs, thus it is imperative for researchers and clinicians to have access to psychometrically sound instruments to evaluate the construct.
Single step Production of graphite from organic Samples for Radiocarbon Measurements
Authors: Elder K L , Roberts M L , Walther T , Xu L
Published: November 2019

We present a new low-cost, high-throughput method for converting many types of organic carbon samples into graphite for radiocarbon (14C) measurements by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The method combines sample combustion and reduction to graphite into a single procedure. In the Single Step method, solid samples are placed directly into Pyrex containing zinc, titanium hydride and iron catalyst. The tube is evacuated, flame sealed, and placed in a muffle furnace for 7 hr. A variety of organic samples have been tested including oxalic acid, sucrose, wood, peat, collagen, humic acid, and contamination swipe samples. The method significantly reduces the time required to produce a graphite sample for 14C measurement, with analytical precision and accuracy approaching that of traditional two-step combustion and hydrogen reduction methods. The details and applicability of the method are presented.
Inhibitory control and receptive vocabulary influence aspect comprehension in children
Authors: Blank Andrew , Frush Holt Rachael , Wagner Laura
Published: November 2019

Although many researchers appeal to performance limitations to account for children’s non-adult-like use of language, few studies have explicitly linked specific cognitive abilities to specific dimensions of language. This study investigated a well-studied underextension in children’s language involving linguistic aspect and tested participants in an aspectual comprehension task as well as a series of assessments evaluating neurocognitive and linguistic skills. Adults (N= 32) and 5-year-old children (N= 32) participated. The results for the children replicated the classic pattern of underextension, with children showing an uneven pattern of success even though all items were equally grammatical. In addition, children’s skill with items that involved overriding lexical information in favor of morphological information was predicted by their performance on an inhibitory control task while children’s skill with items that involved integrating contextual world knowledge was predicted by their performance on a receptive vocabulary task. These results demonstrate how specific dimensions of linguistic processing are supported differentially and sensibly by specific dimensions of cognition.
The penholder system and the rule of law in the Security Council decision-making: Setback or improvement?
Authors: Loiselle Marie-Eve
Published: November 2019

This article analyses the decision-making process of the UN Security Council when it adopts outcome documents, such as resolutions, Presidential statements and press statements. It is commonly assumed that because of their veto power and permanency China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States have greater influence than their elected counterparts in shaping those outcomes. In recent years, that control has been strengthened by the penholdership system. Under this practice, one or more members, usually France, the United States or the United Kingdom (P3), take leadership over a situation on the agenda of the Council. When ‘holding the pen’ a member often decides what action the Council should take, then drafts an outcome document that it negotiates with other permanent members before sharing the text with elected members. This article explores the development of this practice and its impact on the respect for the rule of law in the Security Council’s decision-making process. It argues that, while concentrating power in the hands of the P3, hence diminishing transparency and the opportunity for all members to participate in the decision-making of the Council, at the same time the penholdership system also provides an avenue to strengthen elected members’ influence in ways that promote respect for the international rule of law.
The Symbolism, Use, and Archaeological Context of Masks in Formative Period Coastal Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Hepp Guy David , Barber Sarah B. , Brzezinski Jeffrey S. , Joyce Arthur A. , Wedemeyer Rachael L.
Published: November 2019

The production and use of masks at multiple scales and in diverse contexts is a millennia-long tradition in Mesoamerica. In this paper, we explore some implications of Mesoamerican masking practices in light of materiality studies and the archaeology of the senses. We also discuss a collection of 22 masks, miniature masks and representations of masks from the lower Río Verde valley of coastal Oaxaca, Mexico. The iconography of these artefacts as well as their recovery from well-documented archaeological contexts inform our interpretations of masking practices during an approximately 2000-year span of the Formative period (2000bc–ad250). Specifically, we argue that these masking-related artefacts index sociocultural changes in the region, from the first villages and the advent of ceramic technology during the Early Formative period (2000–1000bc) to a time of increasing consolidation of iconographic influence in the hands of the elite in the final centuries before the Classic period. As indicated by their continued use today, masks have long been intimates of communal activities in Oaxaca.
Ex post adjustment for measurement error in stunting calculations: an illustration from Egypt
Authors: Figueroa Jose Luis , Kurdi Sikandra
Published: November 2019

Objective:

The present study provides ranges for the magnitude of bias caused by measurement error in stunting rates, a widely used a proxy for long-term nutritional status.

Design:

Stunting, which is determined by the number of cases that fall below −2 sd from the mean height-for-age in the population, mechanically increases with higher variance. This variance stems from both natural heterogeneity in the population and measurement error. To isolate the effect of measurement error, we model the true distributions which could give rise to the observed distributions after subtracting a simulated measurement error.

Setting:

We analyse information from three rounds of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in Egypt (2005, 2008 and 2014). Egypt ranks high among developing countries with low-quality anthropometric data collected in the DHS, currently the main source of anthropometry in the country.

Participants:

The study relies on re-analysis of existing DHS data, which record height, weight and age data for children under 5 years old.

Results:

Under the most conservative assumptions about measurement error, the stunting rate falls by 4 percentage points for the most recent DHS round, while assuming higher levels of measurement error reduces the stunting rate more dramatically.

Conclusions:

Researchers should be aware of and adjust for data quality concerns in calculating stunting rates for cross-survey comparisons or in communicating to policy makers.
Distribution Differences in the EPSPS Gene in Chromosomes Between Glyphosate-Resistant and -Susceptible Goosegrass (Eleusine indica)
Authors: Chen Jingchao , Cui Hailan , Ma Xiaoyan , Ma Yan , Li Xiangju
Published: November 2019

Glyphosate is a popular herbicide used to control goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.], one of the most troublesome weeds in cotton fields. However, high selection pressure has led to some populations being difficult to control in cotton fields in China. In this study, levels of glyphosate resistance were quantified and 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) amplification was confirmed. In addition, distribution of the EPSPS gene among the chromosomes was also investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methodology. One population (AHCZ) was confirmed to be glyphosate resistant with a resistance index of 3.4 and significantly reduced shikimate accumulation compared to susceptible population. All examined individuals exhibited no mutations in the EPSPS gene in AHCZ. Expression and copy numbers of EPSPS in the AHCZ population were 5.7 and 15.4 times higher, respectively, than in the susceptible population. A positive correlation was identified between signal intensities of primary anti-EPSPS antibody and copy numbers of the EPSPS protein, as indicated by immunoblot analysis. FISH results revealed that, in mitotic metaphase chromosomes, signals were observed dispersed across two sets of homologous chromosomes in a resistant individual (copy number = 31), while in susceptible individuals, signals were only partially detected in one set of homologous chromosomes. In interphase nuclei, EPSPS signals were brightest in resistant individual compared to those that were susceptible. In conclusion, one E. indica population from a cotton field in the Anhui Province has evolved resistance to glyphosate, and EPSPS gene amplification was confirmed as the resistant mechanism.
Antikörper-Therapien bei Asthma bronchiale
Authors: Solèr Markus
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung. Mit den monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen spezifische Mechanismen der asthmatischen Entzündung stehen für ausgewählte Patienten mit schwerem Asthma bronchiale hochwirksame neue Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung. Die Herausforderung besteht in der Auswahl und Vorabklärung geeigneter Kandidaten. Die Wirkmechanismen und die klinische Anwendung der neuen Biologika werden diskutiert.
Waiting for Forcot: Accelerating FORC Processing 100× Using a Fast‐Fourier‐Transform Algorithm
Authors: Berndt Thomas A. , Chang Liao
Published: November 2019

First‐order reversal‐curves (FORC) are a widely used tool to analyze magnetic mineralogy and domain states, but require extensive processing—in particular, smoothing—to be plotted as FORC diagrams. Currently, smoothing is a computationally complex task involving repeated least squares surface optimization routines, sometimes taking minutes to compute for high‐resolution FORCs (leaving users with the feeling of “waiting for Godot,” who never comes). Here we show how the same computation can be carried out much more efficiently in Fourier space and present a new FORC processing software, called Forcot. The new algorithm, combined with an improved user interface enables users to create print quality FORC diagrams within a few seconds. Processing times are shown to be reduced by factors from 2 to 100 depending on size and smoothing factor compared to existing FORC smoothing algorithms. Additionally, optimal smoothing factor can be determined directly from the noise spectrum in Fourier space and does not require repeated smoothing of diagrams as in previous programs. Finally, formatting of figures is done automatically by our software such that diagrams can be directly used for print.
Probing the Northern Chile Megathrust With Seismicity: The 2014 M8.1 Iquique Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Soto H. , Sippl C. , Schurr B. , Kummerow J. , Asch G. , Tilmann F. , Comte D. , Ruiz S. , Oncken O.
Published: November 2019

We used data from >100 permanent and temporary seismic stations to investigate seismicity patterns related to the 1 April 2014 M8.1 Iquique earthquake in northern Chile. Applying a multistage automatic event location procedure to the seismic data, we detected and located ~19,000 foreshocks, aftershocks, and background seismicity for 1 month preceding and 9 months following the mainshock. Foreshocks skirt around the updip limit of the mainshock asperity; aftershocks occur mainly in two belts updip and downdip of it. The updip seismicity primarily locates in a zone of transitional friction on the megathrust and can be explained by preseismic stress loading due to slow‐slip processes and afterslip driven by increased Coulomb failure stress due to the mainshock and its largest aftershock. Afterslip further south also triggered aftershocks and repeating earthquakes in several EW striking streaks. We interpret the streaks as markers of surrounding creep that could indicate a change in fault mechanics and may have structural origin, caused by fluid‐induced failure along presumed megathrust corrugations. Megathrust aftershocks terminate updip below the seaward frontal prism in the outer continental wedge that probably behaves aseismically under velocity‐strengthening conditions. The inner wedge locates further landward overlying the megathrust's seismogenic zone. Further downdip, aftershocks anticorrelate with the two major afterslip patches resolved geodetically and partially correlate with increased Coulomb failure stress, overall indicating heterogeneous frictional behavior. A region of sparse seismicity at ~40‐ to 50‐km depth is followed by the deepest plate interface aftershocks at ~55‐ to 65‐km depth, which occur in two clusters of significantly different dip.
Correction to: A transgenerational toxicokinetic model and its use in derivation of Minnesota PFOA water guidance
Authors: Goeden Helen M. , Greene Christopher W. , Jacobus James A.
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
CircRNA-ENO1 promoted glycolysis and tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma through upregulating its host gene ENO1
Authors: Zhou Jiayu , Zhang Shizhen , Chen Zhoumiao , He Zhengfu , Xu Yong , Li Zhijun
Published: November 2019

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has long been one of the predominant reasons for the global cancer-linked mortality. The tumor progression is shown by several studies to be promoted by increased glycolysis. Enolase 1 (ENO1), as a glycolysis enzyme, performs pivotal role in glucose metabolism and contributes to tumor progression of numerous cancers. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are catching increasing attentions for their surging roles in regulating gene expression in cancers. Our work is to uncover the regulatory mechanism circ-ENO1 on its host gene ENO1 and its function in glycolysis and tumor progression. Circ-ENO1 and its host gene ENO1 were identified to be upregulated in LUAD cells. Functionally, silencing circ-ENO1 retarded glycolysis, inhibited proliferation, migration and EMT, induced apoptosis. The cytoplasmic localization of circ-ENO1 was determined by FISH and subcellular fractionation. Mechanistically, circ-ENO1 acted as a ceRNA to interact with miR-22-3p and upregulate ENO1 expression. In vivo experiments certified that circ-ENO1 drove tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In summary, current study elucidated that circ-ENO1 promoted glycolysis and tumor progression in LUAD by miR-22-3p/ENO1 axis, indicating circ-ENO1 as a promising treatment target for LUAD patients.
Author Correction: Gα13 negatively controls osteoclastogenesis through inhibition of the Akt-GSK3β-NFATc1 signalling pathway
Authors: Wu Mengrui , Chen Wei , Lu Yun , Zhu Guochun , Hao Liang , Li Yi-Ping
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Prediabetes and diabetes prevalence and risk factors comparison between ethnic groups in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Hamoudi Rifat , Saheb Sharif-Askari Narjes , Saheb Sharif-Askari Fatemeh , Abusnana Salah , Aljaibeji Hayat , Taneera Jalal , Sulaiman Nabil
Published: November 2019

The economic growth has paralleled the rise of diabetes and its complications in multiethnic population of United Arab Emirates (UAE). Previous studies have shown that characteristics of diabetes is variable across different ethnicities. The objective of this study was to compare diabetes prevalence and risk factors between UAE nationals and different expatriate’s ethnic groups in UAE using data from UAE National Diabetes and Lifestyle Study (UAEDIAB). The UAE nationals made one-fourth (n = 797, 25%) of total cohort and the remaining 75% belonged to immigrants. Across different ethnicities, adjusted prevalence of prediabetes ranged from 8% to 17%, while adjusted prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes ranged from 3% to 13%. UAE nationals, Arabs non-nationals and Asians had the highest number of pre-diabetic as well as newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Adjusted prevalence of diabetes was highest in UAE nationals (male 21% and female 23%) as well as Asian non-Arabs (male 23% and female 20%), where 40% of both groups fell under the range of either prediabetes or diabetes conditions. Multivariate factors of diabetes versus non-diabetes included older age, ethnicities of Asian non-Arabs and local UAE nationals, family history of diabetes, obesity, snoring, decreased level of high density lipoprotein, elevated levels of triglycerides and blood pressure. In conclusion, diabetes prevalence and risk factors vary across the different ethnic groups in UAE, and hence interventions towards identification and prevention of diabetes should not treat all patients alike.
Effort Perception is Made More Accurate with More Effort and When Cooperating with Slackers
Authors: Ibbotson Paul , Hauert Christoph , Walker Richard
Published: November 2019

Recent research on the conditions that facilitate cooperation is limited by a factor that has yet to be established: the accuracy of effort perception. Accuracy matters because the fitness of cooperative strategies depends not just on being able to perceive others’ effort but to perceive their true effort. In an experiment using a novel effort-tracker methodology, we calculate the accuracy of human effort perceptions and show that accuracy is boosted by more absolute effort (regardless of relative effort) and when cooperating with a “slacker” rather than an “altruist”. A formal model shows how such an effort-prober strategy is likely to be an adaptive solution because it gives would-be collaborators information on when to abort ventures that are not in their interest and opt for ones that are. This serves as a precautionary measure against systematic exploitation by extortionist strategies and a descent into uncooperativeness. As such, it is likely that humans have a bias to minimize mistakes in effort perception that would commit them to a disadvantageous effort-reward relationship. Overall we find support for the idea that humans have evolved smart effort detection systems that are made more accurate by those contexts most relevant for cooperative tasks.
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii resists reactive oxygen species and survives in macrophages
Authors: Sato Yoshinori , Unno Yuka , Miyazaki Chizuru , Ubagai Tsuneyuki , Ono Yasuo
Published: November 2019

We investigated the intracellular survival of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) clinical isolates in macrophages, after phagocytosis, to determine their virulence characteristics. After ATCC 19606 and 5 clinical isolates of MDRAB were phagocytosed by mouse and human macrophages, the bacterial count of MDRAB strains, R4 and R5, increased in the mouse macrophages, 24 hours after phagocytosis. Bacterial count of the strains, R1 and R2, was almost equal 4 and 24 hours after phagocytosis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species was detected in the macrophages after phagocytosis of these bacteria. Further, the strains R1, R2, R4, and R5 showed higher catalase activity than ATCC 19606. Additionally, strains R1, R4, and R5 grew more efficiently than ATCC 19606 in the presence of H2O2, whereas growth of strains R2 and R3 was marginally more than that of ATCC 19606 in the presence of H2O2. The MDRAB clinical isolates altered the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MIP-2 mRNA induced in J774A.1 cells, 24 hours after phagocytosis. These results provide insights into the renewed virulence characteristics of MDRAB clinical isolates. Finally, tigecycline killed MDRAB phagocytosed by the macrophages more effectively than colistin, although colistin and tigecycline are both considered effective antibiotics for the treatment of MDRAB.
PIC&RUN: An integrated assay for the detection and retrieval of single viable circulating tumor cells
Authors: Kamal Mohamed , Saremi Shahin , Klotz Remi , Iriondo Oihana , Amzaleg Yonatan , Chairez Yvonne , Tulpule Varsha , Lang Julie E. , Kang Irene , Yu Min
Published: November 2019

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from solid tumors can serve as a minimally invasive liquid biopsy for monitoring disease progression. Because CTCs are rare and heterogeneous, their biological properties need to be investigated at the single cell level, which requires efficient ways to isolate and analyze live single CTCs. Current methods for CTC isolation and identification are either performed on fixed and stained cells or need multiple procedures to isolate pure live CTCs. Here, we used the AccuCyte-RareCyte system to develop a Protocol for Integrated Capture and Retrieval of Ultra-pure single live CTCs using Negative and positive selection (PIC&RUN). The positive selection module of PIC&RUN identifies CTCs based on detection of cancer surface markers and exclusion of immune markers. Combined with a two-step cell picking protocol to retrieve ultrapure single CTCs, the positive selection module is compatible for downstream single cell transcriptomic analysis. The negative selection module of PIC&RUN identifies CTCs based on a live cell dye and the absence of immune markers, allowing retrieval of viable CTCs that are suitable for ex vivo culture. This new assay combines the CTC capture and retrieval in one integrated platform, providing a valuable tool for downstream live CTC analyses.
Deciphering the molecular specificity of phenolic compounds as inhibitors or glycosyl acceptors of β-fructofuranosidase from Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous
Authors: Ramirez-Escudero Mercedes , Miguez Noa , Gimeno-Perez Maria , Ballesteros Antonio O. , Fernandez-Lobato Maria , Plou Francisco J. , Sanz-Aparicio Julia
Published: November 2019

Enzymatic glycosylation of polyphenols is a tool to improve their physicochemical properties and bioavailability. On the other hand, glycosidic enzymes can be inhibited by phenolic compounds. In this work, we studied the specificity of various phenolics (hydroquinone, hydroxytyrosol, epigallocatechin gallate, catechol and p-nitrophenol) as fructosyl acceptors or inhibitors of the β-fructofuranosidase from Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (pXd-INV). Only hydroquinone and hydroxytyrosol gave rise to the formation of glycosylated products. For the rest, an inhibitory effect on both the hydrolytic (H) and transglycosylation (T) activity of pXd-INV, as well as an increase in the H/T ratio, was observed. To disclose the binding mode of each compound and elucidate the molecular features determining its acceptor or inhibitor behaviour, ternary complexes of the inactive mutant pXd-INV-D80A with fructose and the different polyphenols were analyzed by X-ray crystallography. All the compounds bind by stacking against Trp105 and locate one of their phenolic hydroxyls making a polar linkage to the fructose O2 at 3.6–3.8 Å from the C2, which could enable the ulterior nucleophilic attack leading to transfructosylation. Binding of hydroquinone was further investigated by soaking in absence of fructose, showing a flexible site that likely allows productive motion of the intermediates. Therefore, the acceptor capacity of the different polyphenols seems mediated by their ability to make flexible polar links with the protein, this flexibility being essential for the transfructosylation reaction to proceed. Finally, the binding affinity of the phenolic compounds was explained based on the two sites previously reported for pXd-INV.
Pulsed laser deposition of Zn(O,Se) layers in nitrogen background Pressure
Authors: Abdalla Akram , Bereznev Sergei , Spalatu Nicolae , Volobujeva Olga , Sleptsuk Natalja , Danilson Mati
Published: November 2019

Zinc oxy-selenide Zn(O,Se) is a novel material, that can replace the toxic CdS buffer layer in thin film solar cells and other optoelectronic devices. In this paper a systematic study of the structural, optical and electrical properties of Zn(O,Se) layers, grown by pulsed laser deposition under 50 mTorr of nitrogen background pressure, over a wide range of the substrate temperature, from RT to 600 °C, is reported. XRD, Raman, HR-SEM, XPS, UV-Vis techniques and Hall effect measurements have been used to investigate the structural, and optoelectronic properties of Zn(O,Se) layers. XRD analysis revealed that the polycrystalline ternary Zn(O,Se) phase formed at 500 °C. Raman analysis confirmed the formation of the polycrystalline Zn(O,Se) phase at 500 °C and an amorphous phase at substrate temperatures below 500 °C. Similarly, XPS analysis accompanied with the modified Auger parameters confirmed formation of ternary Zn(O,Se) layer at 500 °C as well. HR-SEM investigation showed the growth of homogenous, dense and adherent films onto a glass substrate. Furthermore, optical studies revealed that all prepared films are practically transparent in the visible region of the spectrum, with a band gap around 3 eV. Hall effect measurements revealed that conductivity, and electron concentration, increased by four orders of magnitude at 600 °C. It was found, that nitrogen background pressure maintained stable ratios of elemental contents in the whole range of the substrate temperature for Zn(O,Se) layers.
Author Correction: Accelerating polygon beam with peculiar features
Authors: Fang Zhao-Xiang , Zhao Hong-Ze , Chen Yue , Lu Rong-De , He Li-Qun , Wang Pei
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Technology-Enhanced Reading Therapy for People With Aphasia: Findings From a Quasirandomized Waitlist Controlled Study
Authors: Caute Anna , Woolf Celia , Wilson Stephanie , Stokes Carol , Monnelly Katie , Cruice Madeline , Bacon Katherine , Marshall Jane
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This study investigated the effects of technology-enhanced reading therapy for people with reading impairments, using mainstream assistive reading technologies alongside reading strategies.

Method

The study used a quasirandomized waitlist controlled design. Twenty-one people with reading impairments following stroke were randomly assigned to receive 14 hr of therapy immediately or after a 6-week delay. During therapy, participants were trained to use assistive reading technology that offered a range of features to support reading comprehension. They developed skills in using the technology independently and in applying the technology to their personal reading goals. The primary outcome measure assessed reading comprehension, using Gray Oral Reading Test–Fourth Edition (GORT-4). Secondary measures were as follows: Reading Comprehension Battery for Aphasia–Second Edition, Reading Confidence and Emotions Questionnaire, Communication Activities of Daily Living–Second Edition, Visual Analog Mood Scales, and Assessment of Living With Aphasia. Matched texts were used with the GORT-4 to compare technology-assisted and unassisted reading comprehension. Mixed analyses of variance explored change between T1 and T2, when the immediate group had received therapy but the delayed group had not, thus serving as untreated controls. Pretherapy, posttherapy, and follow-up scores on the measures were also examined for all participants.

Results

GORT-4 results indicated that the immediately treated group improved significantly in technology-assisted reading following therapy, but not in unassisted reading. However, the data were not normally distributed, and secondary nonparametric analysis was not significant. The control group was unstable over the baseline, improving significantly in unassisted reading. The whole-group analysis showed significant gains in assisted (but not unassisted) reading after therapy that were maintained at follow-up. The Reading Confidence and Emotions Questionnaire results improved significantly following therapy, with good maintenance of change. Results on all other secondary measures were not significant.

Conclusions

Technology-assisted reading comprehension improved following the intervention, with treatment compensating for, rather than remediating, the reading impairment. Participants' confidence and emotions associated with reading also improved. Gains were achieved after 14 therapy sessions, using assistive technologies that are widely available and relatively affordable, meaning that this approach could be implemented in clinical practice.
A LOFAR census of non-recycled pulsars: extending to frequencies below 80 MHz
Authors: Bilous A. V. , Bondonneau L. , Kondratiev V. I. , Grießmeier J.-M. , Theureau G. , Hessels J. W. T. , Kramer M. , van Leeuwen J. , Sobey C. , Stappers B. W. , ter Veen S. , Weltevrede P.
Published: November 2019

We present the results from the low-frequency (40–78 MHz) extension of the first pulsar census of non-recycled pulsars carried out with the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). We used the low-band antennas of the LOFAR core stations to observe 87 pulsars out of 158 that had been previously detected using high-band antennas. We present flux densities and flux-calibrated profiles for the 43 pulsars we detected. Of this sample, 17 have not, to our knowledge, previously been detected at such low frequencies. Here we recalculate the spectral indices using the new low-frequency flux density measurements from the LOFAR census and discuss the prospects of studying pulsars at very low frequencies using current and upcoming facilities, such as the New Extension in Nançay Upgrading LOFAR (NenuFAR).
Comparison analysis of numerically calculated slip surfaces with measured S-wave velocity field for Just-Tęgoborze landslide in Carpathian flysch
Authors: Krawiec Krzysztof , Harba Paulina
Published: November 2019

The article presents the comparison analysis between deformation field from numerical model and shear wave (S-wave) velocity field obtained from seismic interferometry (SI). Tests were conducted on active Just-Tęgoborze landslide. Geologically, the study area lies in Magura Nappe in the Outer Carpathians. The landslide’s flysch bedrock is covered by Quaternary colluvium built of clays and weathered clayey-rock deposits. During geotechnical investigation, properties of landslide body were established and failure surfaces were distinguished. In order to obtain S-wave velocity models, one-hour of ambient seismic noise was recorded by 12 broadband seismometers. As a result of data processing with SI method, Rayleigh surface wave propagation was reconstructed. The analysis of dispersion curves allowed to estimate a two dimensional S-wave velocity field. The deformation field were calculated assuming an elastic-plastic Coulomb-Mohr strength criterion. Images of shear strain increment, and values of factor of safety of the slope were obtained as a result of calculation. The comparison of the results indicates the similar characteristic features in the S-wave velocity field and the field of deformation calculated numerically.
Some statistical consideration of azimuth and inclination angles determination based on walk - away VSP data in Python
Authors: Zaręba Mateusz , Danek Tomasz , Stefaniuk Michal
Published: November 2019

It is a common knowledge that proper inclinations and azimuth angle determination is a critical step in processing and interpretation of walk-away VSP data. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of the uncertainty of these interpreted values requires the introduction of measurement errors. In this contribution, we present a statistical analysis of obtained polarization angles from three-component, multi-depth level, walk-away VSP using Python 3 programming language. Our analysis is presented in the context of different processing sequences and correlation with local features of the geological medium. We show that the obtained values of polarization angles and their errors can be strongly affected by processing sequence and - when done correctly - can give addition inside into features of analysis medium. Moreover, in some cases, even a presence of saturation can be express by polarization angles variations. Additionally, we examined the impact of well-casing on interpretational values of polarization angles.
Exponential convergence of Cartesian PML method for Maxwell’s equations in a two-layer medium
Authors: Duan Xiaoqi , Jiang Xue , Zheng Weiying
Published: November 2019

The perfectly matched layer (PML) method is extensively studied for scattering problems in homogeneous background media. However, rigorous studies on the PML method in layered media are very rare in the literature, particularly, for three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. Cartesian PML method is favorable in numerical solutions since it is apt to deal with anisotropic scatterers and to construct finite element meshes. Its theories are more difficult than circular PML method due to anisotropic wave-absorbing materials. This paper presents a systematic study on the Cartesian PML method for three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problem in a two-layer medium. We prove the well-posedness of the PML truncated problem and that the PML solution converges exponentially to the exact solution as either the material parameter or the thickness of PML increases. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first theoretical work on Cartesian PML method for Maxwell’s equations in layered media.
Un accélérateur de particules fait parler les œuvres d’art et les objets archéologiques
Authors: Calligaro Thomas , Pacheco Claire
Published: November 2019

Depuis sa création jusqu’à son altération, la vie d’une œuvre d’art ou d’un objet archéologique s’inscrit au cœur de sa matière. L’enjeu des sciences du patrimoine est d’interroger cette matière sur l’activité des hommes, tout en préservant ces témoins de notre histoire. Retrouver les savoir-faire du passé, comprendre le choix des matériaux employés et déterminer l’origine des matières premières en sont les principales motivations.

En révélant directement et sans dommages la composition élémentaire des matériaux anciens, l’analyse par faisceau d’ions réalisée à AGLAÉ (Accélérateur Grand Louvre pour l’Analyse Élémentaire) est parfaitement adaptée aux problématiques des sciences du patrimoine.
IPANEMA, un laboratoire dédié à l’étude des matériaux anciens et patrimoniaux par méthodes synchrotron
Authors: Bertrand Loïc , Cohen Serge , Thoury Mathieu , David Sophie , Schoeder Sebastian
Published: November 2019

Le démarrage de la construction du synchrotron SOLEIL au début des années 2000 est l’occasion de poser de manière renouvelée la question de l’apport de ce grand instrument à de nouveaux champs de recherche qui touchent l’ensemble de la société. Les équipes françaises ont été pionnières dans l’étude des objets du patrimoine [1].
Nouvelles spectroscopies Raman X du carbone pour les matériaux anciens
Authors: Bergmann Uwe , Georgiou Rafaella , Gueriau Pierre , Rueff Jean-Pascal , Bertrand Loïc
Published: November 2019

L’identification des composés à base de carbone, bien que difficile, est une source d’information essentielle dans de nombreuses études archéologiques et paléontologiques.

La diffusion Raman de rayons X est une méthode de spectroscopie sur synchrotron qui permet d’identifier des signatures organiques, de retracer l’origine chimique des systèmes étudiés et de comprendre l’altération des composés organiques dans le temps.

Cette technique, conduite de manière non destructive, dans l’air, avec une sensibilité en profondeur afin de fournir des informations non compromises par la contamination superficielle, surmonte ainsi plusieurs contraintes fondamentales à la caractérisation des matériaux organiques anciens.
Craquelures et art : le temps et la matière
Authors: Giorgiutti-Dauphiné Frédérique , Pauchard Ludovic
Published: November 2019

On s’intéresse à la matière qui constitue une peinture d’art, c’est-à-dire une succession de couches picturales déposées sur un support. Cet ensemble est complexe de par sa composition et sa géométrie (différentes couches superposées). Il est le siège de nombreux phénomènes physiques et chimiques qui apparaissent à plusieurs moments dans la vie de l’œuvre.

Différents types de dégradations altèrent ou modifient la perception du tableau au cours du temps. Les craquelures sont parmi les plus apparentes. Leur étude permet de caractériser certaines propriétés mécaniques de la matière constituant la peinture et ainsi de révéler de nombreux secrets sur l’œuvre. Le réseau de craquelures constitue donc « l’empreinte digitale d’un tableau » et en cela peut aider à authentifier des œuvres.
Quand la technologie LiDAR révèle l’ampleur de cités enfouies
Authors: Evans Damian , Pottier Christophe , Soutif Dominique
Published: November 2019

De tout temps, nombre d’activités humaines ont durablement transformé le paysage et, pour qui sait l’interpréter, la topographie des sites constitue donc une archive précieuse des sociétés du passé. La télédétection par LiDAR a récemment révolutionné cette approche en permettant d’analyser en détail la topographie de sites de grande ampleur, même dans des zones couvertes par une végétation dense.

Cet article prend pour exemple l’application récente de cette technique à l’exploration du complexe urbain d’Angkor, au Cambodge.
Foreword
Authors: Janas Karol
Published: November 2019

The scope of the 7th International Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference “Society. Health. Welafare” is intended for different aspects influencing common life of human being in modern world. This Conference brings together researchers from various fields: sociology, psychology, law, public health, social work, welfare and political science. The proceedings of the conference – Part I – consist of 48 papers written by authors from Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine.
Modern youth's value orientations and activity in a cross-cultural context
Authors: Atamanova Inna , Bogomaz Sergey , Filippova Tatyana
Published: November 2019

Addressing the issue of youth's personal and professional development, taking into account their value orientations and psychological characteristics of their activity, seems to be relevant to the modern world's challenges. Cultural dimensions are believed to be the very factors that can contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between personal and environmental aspects when analysing the problem of high quality human resource development. The paper presents a cross-cultural study on cultural values characterising socio-economic and cultural settings of two countries and university students' basic values and parameters of their personal potential in the context of their activity. 307 university students from Tomsk (Russia) and 295 university students from Karaganda (Kazakhstan) participated in the study. The research tools involved a number of questionnaires aimed at exploring cultural dimensions, subjective evaluation of realisation of basic values in the urban environment and parameters of personal potential as factors of one's psychological system of activity. The study results revealed a number of statistically significant differences among the study participants. First, there was a difference in some cultural values, namely individualism, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation. Second, university students from Kazakhstan higher evaluated their urban environment in the context of possibility to realise their basic values. Third, the study participants from Kazakhstan showed higher scores in such parameters of their psychological system of activity as purposefulness, satisfaction with life, need for autonomy as well as the achievement and affiliation scales. Russian university students had higher scores in reflection which is a significant factor of one's self-determination. The results obtained are discussed in the context of modern youth's personal and professional development in a specific socio-economic and cultural environment.