bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Weather Conditions from Images
Authors: Shonima Minhas and Shreya Kapoor
Published: December 2020

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely acknowledged in the fields of image and video
recognition, face recognition, image analysis, image classification and activity detection. CNNs take images
as their input; assign adaptive weights and biases to numerous features of the image; and then assign the
various categories to them.
The intent of this paper is to establish a model to classify outdoor images to different weather classes.
Literature survey about the field related to weather prediction has shown that the best results are obtained
while using the CNN models. This paper proposes a method of implementation of convolutional neural
networks to classify separate weather conditions into four classes, namely cloudy, rainy, shine and sunrise.
In this paper, four CNN models with different number of model layers are implemented and their results are
examined.
RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Frazão Marinho Deidra , De Lima Leite Juiane , Nascimento Andrade Sarah Thays , Teixeira Menezes Shirley Vitória
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho se trata de relatos de experiências vivenciadas durante o estágio supervisionado em Serviço Social no Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos Socioambientais e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Sociais na Amazônia – Grupo INTER-AÇÃO com contribuição de quatro discentes de Serviço Social, no período de 2016 à 2019. O objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar o estágio supervisionado em Serviço Social na área socioambiental e dentre os específicos estavam: contextualizar o estágio supervisionado em Serviço Social na área socioambiental; descrever as experiências vivenciadas durante o estágio supervisionado em Serviço Social na área socioambiental e pontuar a contribuição do estágio supervisionado na área socioambiental para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos discentes em Serviço Social. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos do estudo são de natureza: bibliográfica, documental e de campo, se utiliza do método materialismo histórico e de abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de informações foram utilizadas técnicas e instrumentais como: caderno de campo e observação participante. O trabalho resulta na ideia de que o estágio supervisionado em Serviço Social na área socioambiental apresenta desafios, seja no que se refere ao financiamento dos projetos que são elaborados e executados pelos profissionais, seja nas dificuldades envolvendo o processo de supervisão dos discentes. Desse modo, conclui-se que ainda que existam as contribuições significativas, fica claro que o processo de precarização nas instituições de ensino e pesquisa, faz-se necessário fortalecer esses espaços para não os perdermos e deixarmos de contribuir serviços de qualidade para a população usuária.
Yavuz Sultan Selim Dönemi Hilafet Telakkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Fatih
Published: December 2020

Hilafet, Hz. Muhammed’in vefatından sonra İslam devletine başkanlık eden siyasî ve askerî yetkilerinin yanı sıra peygamberlik dışındaki dini konularda Müslümanlara önderlik eden kimselerin bulunduğu makamdır. Tarihi süreçte birçok olayın doğrudan ya da dolaylı sebepleri arasında yer alan hilafet, İslam Tarihi boyunca olduğu gibi günümüzde de üzerinde hala konuşulan bir konudur. Hilafetin Osmanlıya geçişine dair birçok kaynakta yer alan rivayetlerin farklılık arz etmesi, buradan hareketle yapılan yorumların da tarihi gerçeklik ile uyuşmaması, bizi bu konuyu ele almaya yönlendirmiştir. Hilafetin Memlûklulardan, Osmanlıya geçişiyle özdeşleşen Mısır seferi öncesi ve sonrasında padişahın bu kuruma karşı tutumunu, döneme ait yazılı belge ve kaynaklarda konunun nasıl ele alındığını irdelemeye çalıştık. Çalışmamız bağlamında şu tespitlere ulaştık: Hilafet kurumu genel kanaatin aksine tarih boyunca önemini koruyamamış, halifeler yetki ve otoritelerini zamanla kaybetmişlerdir. Kuruma tekrar eski işlevselliği kazandırılmağa çalışılmışsa da mümkün olmamıştır. Yavuz Selim’in seleflerinin aksine doğuya yönelmesi hilafeti almanın ötesinde farklı sebeplere dayandığı, Yavuz’un mevcut halifeye itibar etmediği, Mısır seferi sonrasında dahi dönem kaynaklarında Halife tabirinin kullanılmadığı, bunun birkaç müellifçe kasıtlı olarak kullandığı görülmüştür.
Affecting Factors Teacher Work Satisfaction
Authors: Safrijal  , Rosmala Dewi  , Darwin
Published: December 2020

Abstract.

 

This study aims to determine the factors that effect teacher job satisfaction. In obtaining the data, a quantitsative approach is used with an explanatory coreeelational design because it aims to describe and measure the degree of relationship between variables in causal modeling using part analysis. The results showed that:First, leadership has a direct effect on teacher job satisfaction with a path coefficient of 0.173. Second, self esteem has a direct effect on teacher job satisfaction with a path coefficient of 0.173.
Curating As a Brand Design Tool in Creative Organizations
Authors: Nixon Natalie , Pitsak Irini , Rieple Alison
Published: December 2020

Today the role of curating extends beyond the museum field: websites are curated, commercial firms establish functional roles entitled “curator”, and individuals in the creative economy use social media platforms to curate their lives and cultural product as brands. Curating has been extended and elevated today because design has become a more critical and integrative factor in brand development on both the organizational and individual levels (Kennedy, 2012). Curating is one way to manage the brand’s meaning. It is a chaordic system (Hock, 2005; van Einatten, 2001) that situates the complex process of editing, merchandising and documenting the brand’s offering in co-created situations with the customer. Yet, the literature is lacking in explicitly exploring and documenting how curating is used in branding.
Cafeteras mutantes: Tecnología y cambio en los objetos de diseño
Authors: Solano Ashby
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo aborda la relación entre la transformación de un objeto de diseño (específicamente, las cafeteras) y el desarrollo tecnológico. Una revisión detallada de cinco tipos de cafeteras, analizadas con base en las categorías de uso, función, materiales, procesos e interfaz, permite describir cómo la revolución tecnocientífica ha modificado estos atributos torales.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЖЕВАТЕЛЬНОГО МАРМЕЛАДА ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ
Authors: Ямченко Т.В. , Землякова Е.С.
Published: December 2020

Представлено обоснование использования нестандартного сырья, а именно лекарственного растительного, для производства жевательного мармелада с целью повышения его биологической ценности. Дан обзор существующей ситуации на рынке кондитерских изделий. Приведены конкурентные преимущества мармелада. Разработана технологическая схема и рецептура для производства нового вида мармелада. Описаны органолептические свойства продукта, разработаны профилограммы вкуса и запаха. По результатам исследований обоснована функциональность полученного жевательного мармелада на основе лекарственных растительных трав.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ТОКОВ НУЛЕВОЙ
ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРИ ОДНОФАЗНЫХ
ЗАМЫКАНИЯХ НА ЗЕМЛЮ В РАДИАЛЬНОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОСЕТИ
С ИЗОЛИРОВАННОЙ НЕЙТРАЛЬЮ
Authors: Кугучева Д.К.
Published: December 2020

В работе выполнен анализ влияния ряда факторов на распределение токов нулевой последовательности в электросети радиального построения при возникновении однофазных замыканий на землю. Исследование проведено в программной среде Multisim, в которой разработана эквивалентная модель трехфазной электрической сети с однофазным повреждением изоляции.
Effects of Cast Immobilisation on Skin Barrier Function
Authors: Woo Chin Yee , Koh Mark JA , Fung Winnie KY , Chan Cheri SH , Chua Chong Bing , Tay Guan Tzu , Acharyya Sanchalika , Chew Gloria FH , Lee Nicole KL , Lim Kevin BL
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Cast immobilisation remains the mainstay of treatment for various fractures in paediatric patients, yet patients commonly complain of skin irritation and discomfort. This study aimed to perform a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the effects of cast immobilisation on the skin of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 6–17 years of age with a fracture treated in a fiberglass short-arm or short-leg cast were recruited. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, hair density and presence of any skin signs were assessed before and after cast. Patients were required to complete a weekly questionnaire to rate itch, malodour, warmth, and dampness of the skin under the cast. Results: A total of 60 subjects completed the study. Thirty-six patients received a short-arm cast; 24 received a short-leg cast. Upon cast removal, TEWL was significantly increased on the volar surface of the arms and legs (P <0.05), and the dorsal surface of the arm (P <0.05). Likewise, SC hydration was significantly increased at most sites (P <0.05), except the volar surface of the leg (P = 0.513). There was no change in hair density. Throughout the duration of casting, there was an increase in itch and malodour scores. Conclusions: Moderate but significant changes in TEWL, SC hydration and subjective symptoms were observed during the duration of cast immobilisation, demonstrating that cast immobilisation for up to 4 weeks exerts moderate adverse impact on patients’ skin. Further studies to explore the use of better materials for cast immobilisation to improve skin barrier function and overall patient satisfaction are warranted. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:285–93 Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:354–59 Key words: Cast immobilisation, Transepidermal water loss, Stratum corneum hydration
Chest Radiography in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Correlation with Clinical Course
Authors: Zhou Joel C , Hui Terrence CH , Tan Cher Heng , Hau Wei Khoo Hau Wei , Young Barnaby E , Lye David C , Lee Yeong Shyan , Kaw Gregory JL
Published: December 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. A definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 is made after a positive result is obtained on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. In Singapore, rigorous contact tracing was practised to contain the spread of the virus. Nasal swabs and chest radiographs (CXR) were also taken from individuals who were suspected to be infected by COVID-19 upon their arrival at a centralised screening centre. From our experience, about 40% of patients who tested positive for COVID-19 had initial CXR that appeared “normal”. In this case series, we described the temporal evolution of COVID-19 in patients with an initial “normal” CXR. Since CXR has limited sensitivity and specificity in COVID-19, it is not suitable as a first-line diagnostic tool. However, when CXR changes become unequivocally abnormal, close monitoring is recommended to manage potentially severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Key words: Diagnostic Radiology, Infectious Diseases, Pulmonary
Overview of Early Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) at a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Sharma Shrikant , Keswani Prakash , Bhargava Abhishek , Sharma Ramji , Shekhawat Ajeet , Bhandari Sudhir
Published: December 2020

Introduction: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to spread on an unprecedented scale from around the world, we described our experience in treating early COVID-19 cases in India. Materials and Methods: An observational study of COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care centre in North India between 2 March–4 April 2020 was performed. The clinical, epidemiological, laboratory, treatment and outcome data of patients were evaluated. Results: A total of 75 patients were treated and 56 (74.66%) were men. The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 ranged from asymptomatic to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Fever (85.36%) was the most common symptom followed by cough (56.09%) and dyspnoea (19.51%). Findings from hemogram analysis showed that 32%, 21.33% and 18.67% of patients had lymphopaenia, eosinopenia and thrombocytopaenia, respectively. Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin, fibrin degradation product and interleukin-6 were significantly elevated (P <0.05) in patients who required oxygen therapy than those who did not require it, suggesting the potential role such markers could play in predicting prognosis in patients. Mean hospital stay was 9.2 days and 72 (96%) patients made a complete recovery, but 3 (4%) patients demised after progressing to ARDS. Conclusion: The clinical and epidemiological spectrum of COVID-19 has jeopardised the health system in India. Without a proven therapy to combat this pandemic and with no sight of vaccines in the near future, a preventive strategy should be adopted to contain the spread of this infectious disease. Key words: Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Cytokine release syndrome, Interleukin-6, Lopinavir-ritonavir, Lymphopaenia
Hip Fracture Management Using External Fixation—A Systematic Review
Authors: Chee Yu Han , Foo Jenies Hui Xin , Hui Si Jian , Tan Kuang Ian
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Patients with significant comorbidities have high general anaesthetic risks and are often thought to be undesirable candidates for general anaesthesia and, therefore, surgery. External fixation uses local or regional anaesthesia, and allows patients with significant comorbidities to avoid the risks of general anaesthesia. It has been described to be successful in the management of high-risk patients with intertrochanteric fractures. However, published data have been derived from small case series, and no published literature has attempted to analyse them in totality. This review aims to pool together these case series, and to evaluate the outcomes and complications of external fixation when performed in high-risk patients with intertrochanteric fractures. Materials and Methods: The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRSIMA) guidelines. All studies that reported the outcomes of external fixation for intertrochanteric fractures of high-risk patients were included. Results: A total of 13 publications, involving 687 patients, were included in the review. All the studies reported postoperative radiological reduction and complete fracture healing with reduction of limb length discrepancy. One study using parallel placement of proximal fixation screws showed shorter operative duration as compared to convergent placement. Another study mentioned that there was no significant difference in mortality rates between patients with stable fractures and those with unstable fractures who underwent external fixation. All the studies reported a decrease in postoperative immobility, reduction in pain and improvement in clinical outcome hip scores. Conclusion: External fixation is promising and useful especially in the management of high-risk patients with intertrochanteric fractures. The procedure can help with radiological reduction of the fracture, reduction of limb length discrepancy, reduction of operative duration, decrease in postoperative immobility, reduction in pain and improvement in clinical outcome hip scores. The procedure is versatile and seems to be able to accommodate both stable and unstable fractures. However, unstable fractures may be associated with greater postoperative morbidity, and it may be worthwhile to prognosticate based on the stability of the patients’ fracture for better risk-benefit analysis preoperatively. Shorter operative times can also be achieved through parallel proximal pin placement, without impact on mortality or morbidity. Key words: External fixation; High risk; Intertrochanteric
Lessons from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2003 Pandemic as Evidence to Advocate for Stroke Public Education During the Current Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Riandini Tessa , Tan Kelvin Bryan , De Silva Deidre Anne
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is affecting hospital admissions of stroke patients. This, in turn, will reduce the use of proven stroke treatments, which will result in poorer stroke outcomes. We examined local stroke admissions before, during, and after the 2003 outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (these periods being defined in both the Singapore and worldwide contexts), to extrapolate stroke admission patterns in Singapore during the current COVID-19 crisis. Materials and Methods: National inpatient admission data from the Ministry of Health (MOH), Singapore, and death data from the Registry of Births and Deaths (RBD), Singapore, were analysed. Trends of local stroke admissions and stroke-related mortality pre-SARS, during SARS, and post-SARS periods, both in the Singapore and worldwide contexts, were analysed using time series plot in monthly time units. Differences between periods were presented as percentage change between: (1) SARS and pre-SARS periods, and (2) post-SARS and SARS periods and compared using two-sample t-tests. Results: There was a 19% decline in stroke admissions into all local hospitals during the Singapore SARS period (P = 0.002) and a 13% reduction during the worldwide SARS period (P = 0.006). Stroke admissions increased by 18% after the Singapore SARS period was over (P = 0.003) and rose by a further 8% when the worldwide SARS period ended (P = 0.046). Stroke-related mortality remained stable throughout. Conclusions: During the SARS pandemic, there was a reduction in the number of stroke admissions, and this was apparent during both the local SARS and worldwide SARS outbreak periods. We should take appropriate steps through public education to minimise the expected reduced stroke admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic, inferred from the findings during the SARS pandemic. Key words: Care-seeking behaviour, COVID-19, Inpatient admission, Pandemic, SARS
Winning the Fight Against Cancer
Authors: Chew Athena HY , Chandramouli Nagarajan , Kanesvaran Ravindran , Iyer Gopalakrishna N , Hwang William YK
Published: December 2020

Advances in cytotoxic chemotherapy, surgical oncology, genomic medicine, targeted small molecule treatment, cancer immunotherapy and biology-driven precision radiation oncology have resulted in significant improvements in outcomes of cancer treatment, with an increasing number of patients achieving long-term disease control or even being potentially cured. Concurrent advances in palliative care and geriatric oncology have also helped to ensure that patients are managed holistically by considering their physical, social, psychological and emotional needs in a personalised manner. Keywords: Cancer immunotherapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, genomic medicine, geriatric oncology, palliative care, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, targeted therapy
Current Status of Laparoscopic and Robotic Pancreatic Surgery and Its Adoption in Singapore
Authors: Goh Brian KP , Teo Roxanne Y
Published: December 2020

Despite the potential clinical advantages offered by laparoscopic pancreatic surgery (LPS), the main obstacle to its widespread adoption is the technically demanding nature of the procedure and its steep learning curve. LPS and robotic pancreatic surgery (RPS) have been proven to result in superior short-term perioperative outcomes and equivalent long-term oncological outcomes compared to the conventional open approach, with the caveat that they are performed by expert surgeons who have been trained to perform such procedures. The primary challenge faced by most pancreatic surgeons is the steep learning curve associated with these complex procedures and the need to undergo surgical training, especially with regards to laparoscopic and robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy. Current evidence suggests that RPS may help to shorten the lengthy learning curve required for LPS. More robust evidence—in the form of large randomised controlled trials—is needed to determine whether LPS and RPS can be safely adopted universally. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:377–83 Key words: Laparoscopic pancreatectomy, Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy, Minimally invasive pancreatic surgery, Robotic pancreatectomy, Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy
Teaching Students to Create Independent Equations based on Solving Problems by Constructing Equations
Authors: Ravshanovich Berdiyev Bakhodir , Davronovich Shodiyev Rizamat
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, the science of mathematics is advancing rapidly. Scientists are working on new examples and issues awaiting a new solution. This article focuses on teaching students to do mathematical problems independently in elementary grades using equations. The result of the study suggest that Each teacher should stimulate students in the classroom, develop children's skills in mathematics, the ability to make equations and inequalities, and solve them independently. It allows them to solve problems independently by creating mathematics proficiency equations in upper grades.
Effective Interfacial Tension Effect on Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Mohan Hari
Published: December 2020

The instability of the plane interface between two uniform, superposed and streaming Walters′ B′ viscoelastic fluids through porous medium in the presence of effective interfacial tension is considered. The case of two uniform streaming fluids separated by a horizontal boundary is studied. It is observed, for the special case where the effective interfacial tension is ignored, that the system is stable or unstable for the potentially stable configuration which is in contrast to the case of Rivlin-Ericksen viscoelastic fluid or Newtonian fluid where the system is always stable for the potentially stable configuration. Moreover, if the perturbations in the direction of streaming are ignored, then the perturbations transverse to the direction of streaming are found to be unaffected by the presence of streaming, whereas for perturbations in all other directions there exists instability for a certain wave number range. ‘Effective interfacial tension’ is able to suppress this Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for small wavelength perturbations, the medium porosity reduces the stability range given in terms of a difference in streaming velocities.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF MULTI DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AMONG REFUGEES IN THE RESETTLEMENT CAMPS OF ADJUMANI, MOYO AND YUMBE DISTRICTS WEST NILE REGION
Authors:   , Nshizirungu Laurent , Olet Denish , Amulen Doreen , Oming Michael , Luwuna Paul , Wewedru Izale
Published: December 2020

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a name given to tuberculosis agents when the bacteria are resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, two of the most effective TB drugs. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of MDR-TB among the refugees in the resettlement camps of Adjumani, Yumbe, and Moyo districts, West Nile region. Method: This was a cross-sectional study where questionnaires were used to capture risk factors associated with MDR-TB and sputum samples (n=223) collected were examined using the gene expert machine. P values and corresponding 95% CI were calculated. All statistical tests were two-tailed and P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: From the study,143(64.1%) were males while 80 (35.9%) were females, with the age range of 3- 64 years and mean age of 32 years, out of 223 sputum samples analyzed on GeneXpert machine; 178 (79.8%) tested negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) while 45 (20.2%) tested positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of the 45 samples that tested positive for MTB; 39 (17.5%) were rifampicin sensitive and 6 (2.7%) were rifampicin-resistant. Of the 39 case MTB cases detected in the refugee resettlement camps of Bidibidi, Itula, and Mungula, 17 (43.6%), 14 (35.9%), and 8 (20.5%) were from each mentioned camp respectively; whereas of the 6 MDR-TB cases detected; Mungula camp had the majority cases 3 (50%), Bidibidi camp had 2 (33.3%) cases and Itula had 1 (16.7%) cases. The Risk factors associated with MDR-TB among refugees was overcrowding 5 (83.3%) and not enrolled on DOTs, 5 (66.7%). There was no significant association between MDR-TB and age (P=0.43; 95%CI=0.163-0.233) Conclusions and recommendations: The general prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is 20.2% and MDR-TB is 2.7%.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MENURUT PEMIKIRAN SUNAN KALIJAGA DALAM TEMBANG LIR-ILIR
Authors: Ahmad Riva’i Fuad , Nurdianti Mira
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam tentang nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam menurut pemikiran Sunan Kalijaga yang terkandung dalam tembang Lir-ilir dan untuk di jadikan pedoman aktivitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (Library research). Maka dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dapat diperoleh dalam buku yang memfokuskan tentang Sunan Kalijaga. Sedangkan data sekunder yaitu data yang diambil dari jurnal. Setelah melakukan pengkajian, pengamatan, penelitian dan analisa terhadap beberapa karya Sunan Kalijaga, hasil penelitian ini adalah: dalam tembang Lir-ilir karya Sunan Kalijaga terdapat nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam, tujuan pendidikan Islam, konsep pendidik dalam pendidikan Islam, materi pendidikan Islam, metode pendidikan Islam, dan nilai pendidikan karakter. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa, pendidikan Islam yang berorientasi pada proses. Penekanan materi praktik dalam pelaksanaan proses pendidikan Islam. Mengedepankan nilai-nilai akhlak dan tata karma dalam lingkungan pendidikan sebagai salah satu usaha dalam memaksimalkan pencapaian tujuan pendidikan Islam. Memadukan khazanah intelektual klasik dan modern dalam perencanaan, teori, dan praktik penyelenggaraan pendidikan Islam
HUBUNGAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PENDIDIK DENGAN AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI SMP IT AL-ISHLAH CIBINONG
Authors: Syattar Marwani , Fatimah Siti
Published: December 2020

Komunikasi adalah salah satu aktifitas yang sangat fundamental dalam kehidupan umat manusia. Dalam berkomunikasi memiliki beberapa bentuk antara lain komunikasi intrapersonal, komunikasi interpersonal, komunikasi kelompok dan komunikasi massa. Perlu disadari bahwa peran komunikasi sangat diperlukan dalam kehidupan bersosialisasi, bahkan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Dalam penelitian ini,  komunikasi pendidik yang digunakan dalam membina Akhlak peserta didik SMP IT Al-Ishlah cibinong. Membina Akhlak peserta didik merupakan hal yang wajib yang harus dikedepankan oleh SMP IT Al-Ishlah yang diperankan oleh pendidik sebagai seorang guru yang mengarahkan peserta didik agar berakhlak baik, Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas komunikasi interpersonal pendidik di SMP IT Al-Ishlah Cibinong, untuk mengetahui akhlak peserta didik di SMP IT Al-Ishlah Cibinong, dan untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi interpersonal pendidik dengan akhlak peserta didik di SMP IT Al-Ishlah Cibinong. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan, kualitas komunikasi interpersonal pendidik di SMP IT Al-Ishlah adalah baik. Hal tersebut membuat peserta didik menjadi nyaman dan tertib ketika proses kegiatan belajar mengajar berlangsung. Dan kualitas akhlak dari peserta didiknya adalah cukup baik. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara komunikasi interpersonal pendidik dengan akhlak peserta didik di SMP IT Al-Ishlah Cibinong
المجاز دراسة مقارنة بين اللغة العربية واللغة الإندونيسية
Authors: Taufik Akasah Tia Lukman
Published: December 2020

أهداف هذا البحث لمعرفة المجاز فى اللغة العربية والإندونيسية وأوجه التشابهات والإختلافات بينهما من كل جهة. وأما خطوات البحث التى تسلكها الكاتبة فهي تعيين الموضوع وجميع البيانات وتعيين الطريقة وتفتيش البيانات وتحليل البيانات والإستنتاج من البحث. وأما طريقة المستخدمة فى هذا البحث فهي طريقة الوصفية والطريقة التقابلية. فبعون القيام بالبحث أخذت الكاتبة النتائج أن المجاز فى اللغة العربية والإندونيسية متساويان من وجه ومختلفان من وجه. وهما متساويان من أنهما يستعملان الكلمة بغير المعنى الأصلي. ومختلفان من أقسامه ليس كل المجاز فى اللغة العربية يدل على المجاز فى اللغة الإندونيسية وعكسه. ومن التشابهات والاختلافات فى البيانات السابقة يمكن أن تتمالئا وتتأثرا فى انتشار اللغة الأتية. والذى يكون فى اللغة العربية يقدران يستعمل لتنمية اللغة الإندونيسية وعكسه
Análisis pretraslativo multinivel del 'escrito de acusación'. Elementos relevantes para su traducción al inglés
Authors: Vigier-Moreno Francisco Javier
Published: December 2020

La legislación española vigente establece el derecho a la traducción de los documentos que resulten esenciales para garantizar el ejercicio del derecho a la defensa de todo encausado alófono, entre los que se encuentran las resoluciones que acuerden la prisión del investigado, el escrito de acusación y la sentencia. Mientras que la sentencia ha sido objeto de numerosas investigaciones (Holl 2011; Orts Llopis 2017; por citar algunos ejemplos), el escrito de acusación ha recibido escasa atención por parte de la Traductología. Siguiendo un modelo metodológico que combina los enfoques textuales con el estudio jurídico comparado, en esta contribución exponemos los resultados de un análisis pretraslativo multinivel del género escrito de acusación a partir de un corpus ad hoc de documentos reales como ejercicio previo a su traducción al inglés.
How do translators handle (near-) synonymous legal terms? A mixed-genre parallel corpus study into the variation of EU English-Polish competition law terminology
Authors: Biel Łucja , Koźbiał Dariusz
Published: December 2020

Terminological variation, i.e. synonymy at the term level, is regarded as a recurrent problem in EU law. Working with a parallel-comparable corpus of EU English-Polish legislation, soft law and judgments in the area of competition, this study explores how source-language synonymy is handled in translation across institutional genres. The findings show that synonyms may be reflected symmetrically or asymmetrically, with variation being eliminated, partly reduced, mirrored, or increased in translation. It is quite frequent for translators to introduce additional variation and cross-variation. This is affected by: genre, source and target asymmetries, complexity of a semantic field, low termness and microdiachronic shifts. The study confirms that synonymy is one of the causes of variation in translation and calls for more conceptual clarity at the drafting stage.
The Effect of the Ventrogluteal Injection Training on the Knowledge Levels and Preferences of Health Professionals
Authors: Çırlak Ahu , Temiz Nur , Başol Merve
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: This study is aimed to determine the effect of ventrogluteal injection training on the health professionals’ knowledge levels and preferences about the use of the ventrogluteal region for intramuscular injections. METHODS: The semi-experimental study was conducted as a pretest and post-test design. This study was performed at a private hospital between January and September 2018 with 81 health professionals. The data were collected with a questionnaire in line with the literature. Participants were divided into two groups, after completion of questionnaire forms. Each group received 2 hours of in-service, and one-to-one theoretical and also practical training on models. After the training each participants’ level of proficiency on their ventrogluteal injections was evaluated with a form developed by the researchers. Six months later using the same questionnaire form their knowledge level and preferences on the use of ventrogluteal region for intramuscular injections were evaluated. RESULTS: After the training, it was seen that the average number of correct answers about the information for the ventrogluteal region was increased. The questionnaires revealed that 60.5% of the participants did not prefer to use the ventrogluteal region for injections before the training, but this number was lowered to 29.6% after the training. In addition to this, the 27.5% who used the dorsogluteal region for injections before the training revealed that they will prefer the ventrogluteal region after the training. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: However, less than expected people choose the ventrogluteal region as the first method for IM injection despite the fact that the participants gained the proficiency for ventrogluteal region injection after the training. As a result, it is recommended that in-service training should be given to health professionals and they should be encouraged to use the ventrogluteal region for intramuscular injections during clinical practices.
Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Choroid Plexus Xanthogranulomas
Authors: Altay Sedat
Published: December 2020

INTRODUCTION: Seventy-five adult patients with retrospectively detected incidental choroid plexus xanthogranulomas (CPX) were evaluated with non-contrast brain computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. In this study, we aim to determine the imaging properties of CPX with CT and MRI, to evaluate the difference between white matter and CPX with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and ensure its potential use in the follow-up and treatment of CPX patients. METHODS: In this study, lesions between 5-25 mm were evaluated. CPX and white matter ADC measurements were performed on CT and MRI images in all lesions. An independent sample t-test was used for statistics. Cases with a history of cranial operation and any malignancy were excluded due to the possibility of metastasis. RESULTS: Bilateral CPX was detected in 41 and unilateral CPX in 34 patients. On CT, bilateral CPX calcifications were observed in 21 and unilateral calcifications in 44 patients. Calcification was not observed in brain CT in 10 patients. ADC (apparent diffusion coefficients) measurement was made from the widest and non-calcific parts of all lesions. ADC measurements were between 1.33-1.69x10-3/mm2/s and the mean value was 1.48x10-3/mm2/s. In all cases, the ADC value was lower relative to the white matter. ADC value was found to be higher and closer to the white matter ADC values than cases with a homogenous appearance in CPX patients with heterogeneous internal structure. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: ADC value is useful in the diagnosis of CPX. In conclusion, the follow-up of the ADC value is useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of CPX.
Estudio comparativo del conocimiento de las técnicas de reproducción asistida en estudiantes de medicina de universidades con diferentes idearios éticos y humanísticos
Authors: Cantú-Quintanilla Guillermo , Vidal-Sentíes Carlos , Marcó-Bach Francisco Javier , Camargo-Prieto Fernando , Aguiñaga-Chiñas Nuria , Contreras-Estrada Daniela
Published: December 2020

La fertilización in vitro (FIV) se sigue presentando como una solución relativamente sencilla para producir un embarazo sin dar a conocer la problemática médica y ética que esta representa. Este proyecto consistió en realizar una encuesta a los estudiantes de tres facultades de Medicina de la Ciudad de México, con diferentes idearios éticos y humanísticos, con el objetivo de evaluar el conocimiento sobre las técnicas de fecundación in vitro y sus implicaciones éticas. Se aplicó una encuesta a 404 alumnos de medicina. Los alumnos de escuelas con ética personalista tuvieron un mayor reconocimiento de los principios bioéticos implicados en el uso de estas técnicas. El conocimiento de la técnica y de las cuestiones éticas implicadas en la reproducción asistida podría mejorar la sensibilidad de los alumnos de medicina ante dilemas éticos que se presenten en su ejercicio profesional.
LATE EOCENE BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC AGE FOR ANDESITIC VOLCANIC HOST ROCKS FORMED IN AN ISLAND ENVIRONMENT AT THE COBRE PANAMA PORPHYRY Cu-Mo-Au-Ag DEPOSIT, PANAMA
Authors: Redwood Stewart D. , Bryan Jonathan R. , Buchs David M. , Burge Colin
Published: December 2020

The giant Cobre Panama porphyry Cu-Mo-Au-Ag deposit in western Panama is hosted by an undated andesitic volcanic sequence, the Petaquilla batholith (32.20 ± 0.76–28.28 ± 0.61 Ma), and porphyry stocks (28.96 ± 0.62–27.48 ± 0.68 Ma). Here we present a biostratigraphic age for the volcanic sequence based on stratigraphically diagnostic large foraminifera from thin limestone beds within kilometer-thick andesitic rocks. These yield a late middle to late Eocene biostratigraphic age (41.2–33.9 Ma), with a probable late Eocene age (Priabonian stage, 37.8–33.9 Ma), which is slightly older than the age of the batholith and porphyry intrusions. The volcanic sequence is dominated by fine-grained, massive basalt to andesite lavas with subordinate volcaniclastic deposits. A preliminary description of volcanic textures based on macroscopic observation of drill core and quarry/road exposures supports the occurrence of lavas, fallout tuffs, volcanic breccias, and possible pyroclastic density current deposits. Rare polymictic conglomerates with well-rounded clasts of igneous rocks attest to minor sedimentary reworking from a nearby subaerial volcanic environment. The dated limestone that is interbedded with the submarine volcanic sequence was deposited in an estimated water depth of 50 to 80 m, probably in a middle- to outer-shelf large foraminiferal shoal. These results support deposition on the flank of an active volcanic island during early shallowing of the Isthmus of Panama. The Cobre Panama volcanic center is interpreted to have formed in the final stages of the latest Cretaceous-Eocene volcanic arc before, or possibly during, the 175-km sinistral offset of the Panama volcanic front in the late Eocene-Oligocene. However, it remains unclear whether the volcanic center formed on the western continuation of the San Blas-Chagres arc segment or the eastern termination of the Azuero-Soná arc segment and whether it was emplaced during broadening of the pre-Oligocene volcanic front or in a back-arc setting.
HARMONIC SIGNAL EXTRACTION FROM STRONG CHAOTIC INTERFERENCE
Authors: WANG FU-PING  , GUO JING-BO  , WANG ZAN-JI  , XIAO DA-CHUAN  , LI MAO-TANG  ,   (1)清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京100084; (2)中国科学院空间科学中心,北京100080
Published: December 2020

The problem of signal extraction from received data contaminated with strong chaotic interference has been investigated and a novel approach to this problem is proposed based on the geometry of chaotic interference. According to this approach, chaotic attractor is first reconstructed from the received data, then in the way of projecting chaotic interference and harmonic signals into the local tangent space and its transverse space of the manifold in which the attractor lies, the two signals are successfully separated. Excellent results were achieved from the computer simulation experiments, which verify the effectiveness of the approach.
EFFECTS OF THE RADIATION FIELD ON THE PHYSICAL PROCESSES OF LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS
Authors: ZHANG JIE  , WANG WEI
Published: December 2020

A numerical simulation study was done on effects of an ambient radiation field on the processes of excitation and ionization in a plasma, using a non-LTE ionised material package NIMP. It has potential importance in the future experimental design to study the effects of the radiation field on the physical processes in the astrophysical reseach.
Development of an Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Clinical Nurses
Authors: Joung Min-Young , Seo Ji Min
Published: December 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Clinical Nurses (ESSCN).Methods: 40 items for the preliminary instrument of ESSCN were developed through a literature review and deep interviews with 8 clinical nurses. The scale validation was conducted with a convenience sample of 344 nurses recruited from four general hospitals in Busan and the Gyeongnam area. Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, convergent validity and discriminative validity were used to evaluate the validity. Cronbach’s ⍺ and test-retest were used to evaluate the reliability of ESSCN.Results: The 36-item ESSCN was found to have eight subscales- patient respect, professional ethics, nursing practice responsibilities, willingness to do good, ethical contemplation, ethical burden, perception of ethical situation and empathy- explaining 61.4% of the total variance. The correlation coefficient between ESSCN and the Korean Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire was .52 (p<.001). Criterion-related validity was supported by known-group comparison. The Cronbach's ⍺ reliability coefficient was .92 and test-retest reliability coefficient was .89 (p<.001).Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the ethical sensitivity scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring ethical sensitivity by clinical nurses.
Central Bank of Brazil: Public or Private? The ambivalence of the Central Bank of Brazil and the ballast for currency issuance
Authors: Moraes Thiago Perez Bernardes de
Published: December 2020

The Central Bank in Brazil is an autarky of the federal government that has a monopoly on currency issuance. In most developed countries the central bank is privately owned. But in Brazil and other countries with late development the central bank is public. However, public central banks operate much the same way that private banks do, in particular as regards the currency issuance that, through legal artifices, is a private monopoly in most of the world. This study aims to analyze this public and private dichotomy, from the analysis of the legal protection of the currency issue in Brazil. At this point we conclude that there is evidence that indicates that the degree of independence that the Central Bank of Brazil acquired is related to pressures from economic elites (who benefit from public debt bonds) on political elites.
Entre el ecocentrismo y el pragmatismo ambiental: Consideraciones inductivas sobre desarrollo, extractivismo y los derechos de la naturaleza en Bolivia y Ecuador
Authors: Lalander Rickard
Published: December 2020

La conceptualización indígena del Sumak Kawsay sobre los seres humanos en armonía entre sí y con el medio ambiente es el marco principal de las nuevas constituciones de Ecuador y Bolivia. Estas reformas constitucionales incluyen un fortalecimiento de los derechos propios de la naturaleza e igualmente de los derechos de los pueblos étnicamente definidos. No obstante, las mismas constituciones también otorgan al Estado el derecho de explotar y comercializar los recursos naturales y el extractivismo ha acelerado luego de la aprobación de estas constituciones radicales. Este artículo examina las tensiones entre políticas de bienestar social, extractivismo y los derechos de la naturaleza y los pueblos indígenas en los nuevos contextos constitucionales de Bolivia y, principalmente, Ecuador. ¿Sería posible justificar la extracción de recursos naturales para la provisión de políticas progresistas de bienestar y todavía respetar los derechos constitucionales de la naturaleza? Se arguye, por un lado, que la filosofía de Sumak Kawsay desafía a las comprensiones dominantes sobre los conceptos de bienestar, bien común y desarrollo, y, por otro lado, que los gobiernos nacionales de las dos naciones han aplicado una aproximación pragmática y antropocéntrica hacia los derechos constitucionales de la naturaleza en relación a otros valores humanos.
Ruthenium: Organometallic Chemistry
Authors: Kondo Teruyuki
Published: November 2020

Unlike iron, whose organometallic chemistry dates from the end of the nineteenth century, that of its second‐row transition‐metal congener ruthenium had to wait for the discovery of the sandwich compound ferrocene in 1951. The impetus from that breakthrough stimulated all areas of organometallic research, and ruthenocene was reported the very next year. More so than in its coordination chemistry, it has become apparent that the organometallic chemistry of ruthenium has many features in common both with iron and with its heavier analog osmium. Thus, many complex types and reactions that are discussed below have counterparts with either iron or osmium or both. As is the case in all transition‐metal elements, there is a tendency for substitution or addition and elimination reactions to be slower when proceeding down a group in the periodic table. The middle elements, in particular ruthenium and rhodium, profit from this trend; for example, hydrido‐metal and alkyl‐metal bonds are generally more stable and consequently more abundant in ruthenium species than in analogous structures of iron. Conversely, rigid structures have been found in osmium complexes in cases where the ruthenium analogs are either unstable or highly fluxional. Accordingly, iron complexes are generally recognized as stoichiometric agents for organic synthesis, while ruthenium complexes were used as catalysts, and of course, many organic reactions characteristic to ruthenium catalysts were developed and reported so far. On the other hand, osmium complexes are generally stable to be used for the elucidation and confirmation of the intermediates of ruthenium‐catalyzed reactions. However, the chemistry of ruthenium was found to be far behind, compared with those of the same second‐row transition metals, rhodium and palladium, in the Groups 8–10. The most important reason is that the appropriate zerovalent mononuclear ruthenium complex, Ru0, which could generate 16‐electron species in solution was not readily available; the attempts to synthesize zerovalent ruthenium triphenylphosphine complexes were often unsuccessful because of the orthometalation reaction to form RuII complexes, which were usually inactive for catalytic reactions except for hydrogenation and isomerization of CC unsaturated bonds. With recent progress in inorganic and organometallic chemistry, organic synthesis catalyzed by ruthenium complexes has attracted much attention, and a large number of useful and catalytically active ruthenium complexes have been prepared. Consequently, in this updated “Ruthenium: Organometallic Chemistry”, the slightly old topics were omitted, while new topics about application of ruthenium complexes as homogeneous catalysts for both organic synthesis and metathesis reactions, as well as recent application of ruthenium complexes as anticancer agents, were added together with the corresponding new references.