bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of mesophilic and thermophilic conditions on the anaerobic digestion of food waste: Focus on the microbial activity and removal of long chain fatty acids
Authors: Guo Xiaohui , Kang Kang , Shang Gaoyuan , Yu Xiunan , Qiu Ling , Sun Guotao
Published: October 2018

The mesophilic reactor (MR) exhibited advantages in biogas production and performance stability over thermophilic reactor (TR) during the long-term anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW) with stepwise organic loading rate elevating. It was interesting to explore the mechanism causing the divergences in performances between these two reactors. The microbial activity was compared on day 110 when TR began to deteriorate. The results show that MR had significantly higher specific acetoclastic methanogenic activities (SAMA) and specific propionate and butyrate oxidative activities (SPOA and SBOA) than TR. The SAMA, SPOA and SBOA in TR were only 50.3%, 18.6% and 46.4% of those values in MR, respectively. Remarkably, the specific hydrogenotrophic methanogenic activity of 15.5±2.1, 15.7±4.6 mmol CH4·L−1 original slurry·d−1 in MR and TR was comparative with insignificant difference, which indicates that the microbial activity in TR had been inhibited widely apart from the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Additionally, many particles with the diameters of 1–2 mm were observed to form in MR and identified as complexes of calcium and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs). The formation of calcium crystallization might alleviate the inhibition of LCFAs during AD of FW, which further supports the better performance in MR than TR.
Brain Lesions as a Predictor of Therapeutic Outcomes of Hand Function in Infants With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Chamudot Rena , Parush Shula , Rigbi Amihai , Gross-Tsur Varda
Published: October 2018

Aim:

The present study aimed to investigate whether the response variability of infants to modified constraint-induced movement therapy and bimanual therapy are associated with different types of brain lesions.

Method:

Infants with unilateral cerebral palsy (N = 22) ages 8-15 months (mean = 10.95, standard deviation = 2.15 months) were grouped according to having either a periventricular brain lesion or a middle cerebral artery infarct lesion. Improvement in hand function was analyzed based on the mini–Assistive Hand Assessment results.

Results:

Infants with periventricular brain lesion displayed greater positive response to upper limb treatment compared to those with middle cerebral artery infarct ( P = .02). A significant difference in improvement according to type of treatment was found in the middle cerebral artery infarct group but not in the periventricular brain lesion.

Conclusion:

The present study showed an association between the type of brain lesion and the efficacy of upper limb treatment in infants. Infants with periventricular brain lesions displayed greater positive responses than those with middle cerebral artery infarct.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Gender Invariance of the Revised IRMA Scale in Nigeria
Authors: Fakunmoju Sunday B. , Abrefa-Gyan Tina , Maphosa Ntandoyenkosi
Published: October 2018

Research scales developed in one society are often validated in another society to determine the factor structure and measurement equivalence of the scales. Using a convenience sample of 378 respondents from two cross-sectional studies, the present analyses examined confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and gender invariance in the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance (IRMA) Scale in Nigeria. Specifically, the analyses examined whether the scale holds similar factor structure, whether the latent means can be compared, and whether respondents interpreted items similarly or ascribed the same meaning to them across gender. Based on the analyses, CFA results validated the hypothesized multidimensional four-factor structure of IRMA, namely, “she asked for it,” “he didn’t mean to,” “it wasn’t really rape,” and “she lied.” Similarly, the IRMA measurement was invariant (partial scalar invariance) across gender, suggesting that men and women interpreted IRMA’s items and constructs similarly. Results of an independent-samples t test suggested that women were more likely than men to reject the myth that female victim of rape “lied.” In general, preliminary findings indicated that IRMA is suitable for research on rape myths in Nigeria. Knowledge generated from its use may enhance understanding of rape myths, rape-supportive behaviors, and rape prevention and victim intervention programs.
British newspapers’ stance towards the Syrian refugee crisis: An appraisal model study
Authors: Tavassoli Fatemeh , Jalilifar Alireza , White Peter RR
Published: October 2018

This study investigates the representations of the Syrian refugee crisis in commentary articles published in two British newspapers with different political orientations, The Guardian and The Telegraph. The study draws on the appraisal model as a linguistic tool to analyse the attitudinal language of the articles indicative of the stances adopted by the newspapers. Such stances have the potential to position the readers to positively view the refugees and accept them into their homeland labelled as the welcoming stance, or otherwise reject them labelled as unwelcoming. The selected 20 articles belong to September 2015 and March 2016, the beginning and end of a 6-month period during which important policy changes were made by the leading countries in the wake of 2015 terrorist attacks. The findings indicate that the left-leaning The Guardian adopts a dominantly welcoming stance towards the Syrian refugees and consistently maintains this welcoming stance after 6 months of chaos across Europe. The right-leaning The Telegraph, however, shows a more unwelcoming stance and becomes even more unwelcoming after 6 months.
Developing a Culturally Informed Survey Instrument to Assess Biomedical Research Participation Among Latinos on the U.S.–Mexico Border
Authors: Hohl Sarah D. , Ceballos Rachel , Scott Mary Alice , Thompson Beti
Published: October 2018

Racial/ethnic minorities, rural populations, and those with low socioeconomic status income are underrepresented in research in the United States (U.S.). Assessing preferences for recruitment, participation, and the role of beliefs about biomedical research in specific and unique underserved communities represents a potentially critical step in reducing barriers to biomedical research participation. We developed a culturally informed survey to measure factors related to participation, knowledge, expectations, and barriers to biomedical research participation among Latinos living in a U.S. border community. We employed a multidisciplinary team approach to a sequential, three-phase qualitative study that included interviews ( n = 35), focus groups ( n =24), and “think-aloud” cognitive interviews ( n = 5). Our study demonstrates the value of applying multiple qualitative approaches to inform a culturally relevant quantitative survey incorporating words and constructs relevant to the population of interest. The study contributes to qualitative method research paradigms by developing a research protocol that integrates the expertise and perspectives of researchers and community members from multiple disciplines and institutions.
Prevalence of Osteochondral Lesions in Rotational Type Ankle Fractures With Syndesmotic Injury
Authors: Lambers Kaj T. A. , Saarig Aimane , Turner Hayley , Stufkens Sjoerd A. S. , Doornberg Job N. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Jaarsma Ruurd
Published: October 2018

Background:

The aim of this study was to report the incidence of associated osteochondral lesions (OCLs) on postop CTs, which may benefit from arthroscopic treatment, in patients with rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury. The diagnosis and treatment of associated OCLs may be an additional benefit of the use of arthroscopy in the management of rotational type ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed data of a prospective cohort study of patients who underwent open reduction and surgical fixation of an ankle fracture with syndesmotic injury. These patients underwent routine bilateral postoperative CT assessment. Two independent observers classified ankle fractures according to Weber and OCLs according to the classification system by Berndt and Harty. Fifty-nine patients were included. There were 19 (32%) Weber B type ankle fractures and 39 (66%) Weber C type fractures. One patient (2%) had fixation for a medial malleolus fracture and syndesmotic rupture without fibula fracture.

Results:

Talar OCLs were present in 8 patients (14%). In one patient, 2 OCLs were found, which resulted in a total of 9 lesions. Two lesions were found on the medial side, both anterior. The other 7 were located laterally, of which 1 was anterior, 3 central, and 3 posterior on the talus. According to the Berndt and Harty classification, 1 was classified as stage I, 4 as stage III, and 4 as stage IV.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of OCLs in ankle fractures with syndesmotic instability was 14%. We believe that lesions were arthroscopically accessible in 6 patients (10%). Moreover, most lesions were located on the lateral dome, and thus also potentially approachable through an anterolateral arthrotomy during open reduction and internal fixation. The majority of OCLs found in this series were Berndt and Harty type III or IV, and so likely would preferably have been addressed during the index procedure.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, diagnostic cohort study.
Does Economic Abuse Affect the Health Outcomes of Women in Ghana?
Authors: Tenkorang Eric Y. , Owusu Adobea Y.
Published: October 2018

Although academically underexplored, economic abuse is common in most societies. Using data collected from 2,289 ever-married Ghanaian women, this study employed regression techniques to examine dimensions of economic abuse (employment sabotage, economic exploitation, and economic deprivation) on the cardiovascular, psychosocial, and overall general health of respondents. Results showed respondents with experiences of economic sabotage had poor psychosocial health. Meanwhile, compared with those with no such experiences, respondents with experiences of economic exploitation not only reported poor psychosocial health but were also more likely to live with cardiovascular diseases. Women with experiences of economic deprivation reported poor psychosocial health, were more likely to live with cardiovascular diseases, and more likely to report poor or good than very good health. Our findings suggest the need to screen for economic abuse as a correlate of poor health among women in Ghana.
Israelite and Judahite History in Contemporary Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Tobolowsky Andrew
Published: October 2018

This article surveys developments in the study of the histories of ancient Israel and Judah with a focus on the last ten years. Over that period there has been an increased focus on extrabiblical evidence, over biblical text, as the primary means of constructing comprehensive histories, and a revival of interest in post-modern and linguistic-turn theories with respect to establishing what kinds of histories should be written. This study offers a general discussion of the last decade’s trends; an inquiry into the possibility that Judahite authors only assumed an Israelite identity after the fall of Israel; and an era-by-era investigation of particular developments in how scholars think about the various traditional periods of Israelite and Judahite history. The latter inquiry spans the pre-monarchical period to the Persian period.
The role of emicizumab, a bispecific factor IXa- and factor X-directed antibody, for the prevention of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A
Authors: Knight Tristan , Callaghan Michael U.
Published: October 2018

Hemophilia A, characterized by impaired or absent expression of factor VIII, has long been managed via direct factor replacement. Functionally, factor VIII acts as a cofactor for factor IXa and allows activation of factor X, which, in combination with factor V, generates thrombin. Bispecific antibodies such as emicizumab are recombinant, monoclonal antibodies capable of recognizing and binding to two distinct antigenic targets simultaneously; emicizumab binds factors IXa and X, resulting in spatial approximation and activation of factor X, thereby mimicking the actions of factor VIII. Critically, the presence of antifactor VIII antibodies, for example, inhibitors, impacts neither the mechanism nor the efficacy by which emicizumab functions. The results and interim analyses of the emicizumab clinical trials, HAVEN 1, 2, 3, and 4, are additionally reviewed and discussed.
New Media and Adolescents’ Sexual Behaviour in Sub-Sahara Africa: Linking Theories to Realities
Authors: Abdullahi Ali Arazeem , Abdulquadri Nafiu T.
Published: October 2018

Like the rest of the world, the new media are aiding and promoting speedy and easy access to information among adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), especially those in the urban centers who are of middle and upper class categorization. However, the new media are equally avenues for African adolescents to learn and develop antisocial behaviors. This article tries to interrogate the interconnectedness between the new media and adolescents’ sexual behavior in SSA, especially those in the middle and upper class background, by linking theories to realities. The theoretical assumptions of generational cohort theory (GCT), social learning theory (SLT), and uses and gratification theory (U&G) provide a good understanding of this connection. For instance, GCT would posit that the new generation of adolescents are born into a technological-driven society where the new media trend. SLT explains the connection from social psychological perspective and posits that learning, including sexual behavior, whether online or in the real world, is not purely behavioral, rather a cognitive process that takes place in a social context. U&G submits that new media are widely used by young people to achieve certain desires which may include cognitive, affective, personal integrated, social integrity, and tension-related needs. The article concludes that a single model analysis is not enough to understand the interconnectedness between the new media and adolescents’ sexual behavior in SSA. It rather suggests a theoretical pluralism. Effective parent–child communication regarding reproductive health matters, including sex and relationship education (SRE), in the school curriculum and homes are recommended.
Survey to Assess Knowledge and Reported Practices Regarding Blood Transfusion Among Cancer Physicians in Uganda
Authors: Ddungu Henry , Krantz Elizabeth M. , Phipps Warren , Naluzze Sandra , Orem Jackson , Kiwanuka Noah , Wald Anna , Kajja Isaac
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Optimal decision making regarding blood transfusion for patients with cancer requires appropriate knowledge of transfusion medicine among physicians. We assessed blood transfusion knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices among physicians working at Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI).

Materials and Methods

A cross-sectional self-administered survey of UCI physicians on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding blood transfusion was conducted from June to September 2014. In consultation with transfusion medicine experts, 30 questions were developed, including 10 questions for each of the following three domains: knowledge, attitudes, and practices. For the knowledge domain, we created a knowledge score equal to the number of questions correctly answered out of 10.

Results

Of 31 physicians approached, 90% participated. The mean knowledge score was 5.3 (median, 5.5), and 32% correctly answered at least seven of 10 questions. Almost all (96%) understood the importance of proper patient identification before transfusion and indicated identification error as the most common cause of fatal transfusion reactions. More than 60% of physicians acknowledged they lacked knowledge and needed training in transfusion medicine. Most physicians reported sometimes changing their mind about whether to provide a patient with a transfusion on the basis of opinion of colleagues and sometimes administering unnecessary transfusions because of influence from others.

Conclusion

Although UCI physicians have some basic knowledge in transfusion, most reported gaps in their knowledge, and all expressed a need for additional education in the basics of blood transfusion. Transfusion training and evidence-based guidelines are needed to reduce inappropriate transfusions and improve patient care. Greater understanding of peer influence in transfusion decision making is required.
The engineering of the giant dragonflies of the Permian: revised body mass, power, air supply, thermoregulation and the role of air density
Authors: Cannell Alan E. R.
Published: October 2018

An engineering examination of allometric and analogical data on the flight of giant Permian insects (Protodonata, Meganeura or griffinflies) indicates that previous estimates of the body mass of these insects are too low and that the largest of these insects (wingspan of 70 cm or more) would have had a mass of 100–150 g, several times greater than previously thought. Here, the power needed to generate lift and fly at the speeds typical of modern large dragonflies is examined together with the metabolic rate and subsequent heat generated by the thoracic muscles. This evaluation agrees with previous work suggesting that the larger specimens would rapidly overheat in the high ambient temperatures assumed in the Permian. Various extant mechanisms of thermoregulation are modelled and quantified, including behaviour, radiation and the constraints on convective respiration and evaporation imposed by air flow through spiracles. However, the effects of these on cooling an overheated insect are found to be limited. Instead, an examination of the heat budget in the flight medium indicates that, at about 1.6 bar (160 kPa), thermoregulation supply enters into equilibrium and, even at high ambient temperatures, overheating can be avoided and enough oxygen sourced. This approach indicates how fossil biology can be used to examine past atmospheres.
All-Russian Schoolchildren’s Olympiad As a Part of the General Education System in Russia
Authors: Абатурова Валентина , Abaturova Valentina , Цветкова М. , Tsvetkova Marina
Published: October 2018

The all-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren is diff erent from all the intellectual contests in a multistage (from the school until the fi nal stages), in the inclusiveness of pupils with 5 to 11 grades, and for mathematics and the Russian language, grade 4, in duration in time throughout the academic year (from September till May) and in the continuity of the results of each stage of the “Olympic lift”. Each stage of the Olympiad plays an important role in the fate of the participants, has its own characteristics and requires all organizers of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren to increase the responsibility and utmost clarity, legitimacy and coherence in all actions and decisions. Each stage is considered from the following positions: The specifi c organization. Regulations. Methodological support (development tasks, criteria and methodology of evaluation of contest works). Check the contest works, analyze their implementation, the display of works of appeal. The organization of each competition is based on the Procedure of holding the all-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren [1].
Formation of the World-View in the Conditions of Modern School
Authors: Филиппова Т. , Filippova T.
Published: October 2018

The urgency of formation of the world-view of students in the conditions of modern school is grounded. The pedagogical conditions for the formation of the world-view are named and disclosed: interdisciplinary integration, creation of a new educational and methodical complex, research work using projective and information technology. The place of the world-view as the basis of the value-semantic competence is revealed.
The effect of different types of honey on healing infected wounds
Authors: Eroglu Oguz , Deniz Turgut , Kisa Ucler , Comu Faruk Metin , Kaygusuz Sedat , Kocak Orhan Murat
Published: October 2018

Objective:

To investigate the effects of treatments of ‘mad honey’, blossom honey and nitrofurazone on infected wound healing.

Method:

Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: ‘mad honey’ (MH), blossom honey (BH), nitrofurazone (N) and control (C). All rats were anaesthetised intraperitoneally. A circular skin incision was made to the back regions. Grafts containing slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis were placed on the incision area and then sutured to the skin. Infection in the wound area was confirmed after 48 hours. Wounds were dressed twice daily with the various treatment materials. Rats were randomly euthanised on days 7 or 14, and tissue samples taken. Tissue samples were assessed for hydroxyproline (HP), tensile strength (TS) and macroscopic measurement (area and intensity).

Results:

HP levels were higher in the treatment groups (MH, BH, N) at days 7 and 14 compared with the control group. ‘Group x day’ interaction was found in the HP levels (p=0.015). Increases in HP levels in the MH and N groups between days 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Intensity was significantly lower in the control group and significantly higher in group MH compared with the other groups. Significant ‘group x day’ interaction was observed in intensity (p=0.006). TS was significantly lower on day 7 than on day 14 (p=0.022). No marked difference was observed between the groups, nor any ‘group x day’ interaction, in terms of TS.

Conclusion:

Honey administration successfully healed infected wounds. However, there was no significant difference between the effect of MH and that of N in terms of wound healing.
Bortezomib-Induced Cardiac Tamponade in a 49-Year-Old Man
Authors: Burkhart Taylor , Keith Matthew Cody Lee , Lenneman Carrie Ann Geisberg , Fernando Rajeev Ruben
Published: October 2018

Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib and carfilzomib have been used effectively to treat patients who have certain hematologic malignancies. Proteasome activity is elevated in the heart, and potent inhibition results in accumulation of misfolded intracellular protein aggregates and apoptosis. Heart failure, conduction disturbances, and premature atherosclerosis have been associated with bortezomib therapy. We describe the case of a 49-year-old man who was taking bortezomib for graft-versus-host disease, when he developed cardiac tamponade and needed emergency pericardiocentesis. At that time, there was no evidence of graft-versus-host disease. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a pericardial effusion without underlying cardiac dysfunction has been reported in relation to bortezomib therapy. The diagnosis of pericardial effusion during bortezomib therapy, the absence of other causative agents—including graft-versus-host disease—and no recurrence of pericardial effusion after discontinuing bortezomib therapy suggest that bortezomib caused our patient's tamponade.
Three Episodes of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy with Variant Ballooning Patterns in 2 Elderly Women
Authors: Korabathina Ravikiran , Porcadas Jamie , Mishkin Michael , Turner Angela , Labovitz Arthur J.
Published: October 2018

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy can present with transient apical, midventricular, or basal left ventricular ballooning patterns. Reported recurrences of this cardiomyopathy are few. We present the cases of 2 elderly women who each had 3 episodes of takotsubo cardiomyopathy in various ballooning patterns. We explore the potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, and we discuss the best treatment approach for this disease, which carries a substantial risk of in-hospital complications.
Penggunaan Pelacak DNA untuk Deteksi Papaya ringspot virus dengan Metode Hibridisasi Asam Nukleat
Authors: Nuhantoro Irsan , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah
Published: October 2018

Use of DNA Probe for Detection of Papaya ringspot virus Using Nucleic Acid Hybridization MethodPapaya ringspot caused by Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is one of the most destructive diseases of papaya. The disease had not been found in Indonesia, until disease outbreak in Nangroe Aceh Darussalam was reported in 2012. Since then, the disease spread rapidly in most papaya growing areas in Sumatera, Java and Bali. Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is generally detected using serological or polymerase chain reaction methods. Improvement in detection method is necessary to facilitate a more reliable tool for controlling the spread of PRSV. The aim of the research was to construct DNA probe for development of detection method based on nucleic acid hybridization. Molecular characterization based on HCPro gene sequence indicated high homology (97.88 to 99.05%) among PRSV isolates from Boyolali (Central Java), Medan (North Sumatera), Sleman (Yogyakarta) and Tabanan (Bali). Two DNA clones of HCPro gene were selected for probe construction and the probes were then labeled using PCR DIG-dioxigenin. Optimization of nucleic acid dot blot hybridization method to achieve strongest positive reaction was developed, i.e. using stringency washes at 1×SSC, 0.1% SDS, incubation at 60 oC for 15’. The DNA probe for PRSV has a high specificity and sensitifity; it could detect PRSV at the lowest concentration of nucleic acid (0.062 µg µL-1).
To Study the Properties of Concrete using Bagasse Ash on M-25 Grade
of Concrete
Authors: . Amit , Goel Sahil
Published: October 2018

The utilization of the industrial waste products leads to the development of sustainable concrete. The use of industrial and agricultural waste in the construction industries not only reduces the consumption of natural resources but also nuisance of these waste materials. They not only reduce the cost of construction but also save the environment due to their sustainable disposal solution. Researchers are trying to find out the alternate materials of cement in concrete production to minimize the emission of carbon dioxide during cement manufacturing. Sugarcane bagasse ash is the fibrous agricultural waste material which is produced in enormous quantities in India and obtained as a result of combustion of sugarcane bagasse in the boilers at high temperatures. The ash contains large amount of silica and
therefore can be used as a substitution of cement. In the present study, sugarcane bagasse ash is used as a partial replacement of cement by 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% by weight of cement.
Tannery Waste Water Treatment through Aggregation of Bio-sorption
and Chemical Coagulation Aided by Indigenous Coagulant
Authors: Paul Subrata , Dey Thuhin Kumar , Raha Rajan Kumar
Published: October 2018

Tannery in Bangladesh seems a source of pollution load and waste water to all because there are 270 registered tanneries where approximately 220 MT raw hides and skins are taking for the production of leather in Bangladesh. The leather industry has crossed the record $1-billion mark in exports in 2013-2014. According to the Department of Environment, the tanneries discharge 22,000 cubic meters of untreated liquid toxic waste daily. These pollution load
and waste water should need treatment to make environmentally sustainable and living. From this point of view, we worked on tannery waste water processing. The paper highlights the initiation of Algal treatment with chemical coagulation process aided by natural coagulant for waste water processing in Bangladesh. The methodology of this process starts with mixing of waste water from different section of beam house operations at a definite ratio. The mixer takes nearly six hours to settle down. After sedimentation, the turbidity decreases at a reasonable amount i.e. 1428 NTU whereas before sedimentation it was 9050 NTU (2100P Turbid Meter of HACH). Later the supernatant was collected for algal treatment. After algal treatment the turbidity reduced to 530 NTU from 1428 NTU and the DO level increased up to 4.48 mg/L at 33.6 °C (HQ 40d of HACH) where DO level was 0.24 mg/L at 33.6°C in raw mixer. In addition, the amount of alum as chemical coagulant was reduced in tannery waste water treatment by using indigenous snail shell powder as coagulant aid in conjunction with alum. In case of untreated sample after sedimentation required alum dozing was 6 mL/ 40 mL sample. After algal treatment, required alum dozing reduced to 4 mL/ 40 mL sample. By adding 3 mL/ 40mL liquid natural coagulant as coagulant aid, alum dozing was further
minimized to 1 mL/ 40mL sample. The odour was more tolerable than raw mixer after algal treatment but after adding alum aided by natural coagulant, the odour was more acceptable than before. The diversified technique can hopefully reduce a reliable chemical cost in treatment process, considerable amount of pollution load and increase DO level and thus make effluent environment friendly to discharge. Finally, the DO level increases up to 6.56 mg/L at 33.7 0C and turbidity reduces to 183 NTU, pH reduces to 7.6, odour turns to be tolerable limit.
Advance High Strength Steels: The Solution in Lightweighting our
Future Automobiles
Authors: Khusiafan Firas J.
Published: October 2018

Aircraft industry’s focus is mainly given on the balance between essential aspects that can make vehicles ideal for users: safety, maximum fuel efficiency, value for money, recycling and recovery of end-life vehicles, and the ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents AHS:, its material properties, advantages and disadvantages,
issues and some recent developments in this material for it to be considered as the “future” of automobile industry. Some comparisons are also presented to provide basic differentiation of this material from other lightweighting material types. In order to provide credible information, literature search was conducted using significant keywords in Google Scholar and journal repository Deepdyve. Current grades of AHSS are already standing out as evidenced by 2016 cars that are majorly made of this type of material. It has high strength, ductility, high energy-absorption ability and costs lower than other type of lightweighting materials. Its properties coupled with cost and environmental advantages make it more preferable relative to Aluminum In terms of Lightweighting capability, Steel particularly AHSS has the possibility to reduce 40-50% of the weight of body components.
Investigation into Building Energy Consumption between Theory,
Experiment and Modelling
Authors: Khusaifan Firas J.
Published: October 2018

The primary purpose of this project plan is to outline the road map to achieve the aim of the project. This project investigates the energy consumption and associated energy losses that occur across an infrastructure, and to make recommendations with possible improvements to the infrastructure resulting in reduction of the energy losses. The
Engineering Workshop building on the Byrom Street, campus of Liverpool John Moores University have been planned to investigate. Detailed plan is made to achieve the objectives of this project. The plan includes the energy losses calculated between the Workshop and the outside environment through three different methods; Theoretical calculation, Experimental real time Data logging and suitable Computer Modelling. This investigation plan traverse with Literature review in first week and collection of data required in each of the three methods for a span of eleven
weeks, among the parameters like heat transfer rate, thermal conductivity, temperature recordings over sustained period, and the Workshop building material properties are collected. The energy losses occurred through the workshop building are determined from the three methods. Finally, within two weeks, all the three methods results are compared and validated. In conclusion, the investigation results hope to assert the energy losses determined by the three different models are identical. And any improvements to the Engineering Workshop building infrastructure that would minimize the energy losses and henceforth reduction in the building energy consumption are
recommended. The investigation terminates with Project report documentation and submission by week 14; presentation and oral examination of the project planned in week 15-16.
Investigating the Compressive Strength of Pet Bottles as Masonry
Authors: Tiwari Abhishek , . Shubina , Sharma R. K.
Published: October 2018

In India if look towards urbanization a trend of use of non-renewable products like plastic bottles, have been increased, but increase of the such product recycling or destroying is the main concern . PET bottles have the different factors such as, load capacity, reducing waste material, time of execution, cost, and flexibility. PET bottles have more compressive strength compared to some conventional building material such as brick. So we can easily replace conventional brick by PET bottles. In experimental study we found that the compressive strength of mixed soil having fine and coarse partical is greater the first class brick.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation the Effect of Grooves Impeller on Rotating Stall of High Speed Blower
Authors: Kassim Muna S. , Saleh Fouad A. , Aliwi Alaa Th.
Published: October 2018

Experimental and numerical investigation to study the influence of add (one groove and two grooves) to the unshroud impeller onto the rotating stall as well fluctuations of pressure at a high speed blower of centrifugal. Experimental test rig which includes blower of centrifugal, transducer of pressure as well measurement instrumentations are constructed and designed for this study. A data acquisition system (hardware) as well its
(software) have been developed into transferring the signal than transducer of pressure to the computer. The experimental work has been implemented through measuring the variation of static pressure as well fluctuation of pressure for two cases of the impeller (with one groove and with two grooves). Static pressure has been taken in different points arranged onto the frontal-wall of a volute casing along one track for two cases of the impeller. This track is angular track about the impeller. The results of experimental show that the fluctuations of pressure for
different mass flow rates are nature of non-periodical and the mass flow rates decrease with the fluctuations of pressure increase. Also, the results indicate that the impeller with two grooves show high mass flow rates comparison with the impeller with one groove. Simulation of numerical has been implemented onto blower of centrifugal to analysis both field of flow as well fluctuations of pressure through using ANSYS (FLUENT 15). The simulation of numerical has been carried out through solve the continuity as well momentum equations with the moving reference
framework technicality inside a blower. The numerical simulation results show good agreement with the results of experimental.
Design, Simulation and Fabrication of a New Finger Support
Authors: Nasseri Simin , Castellano Vitale Kyle , Ong Tammy , DeDiego Anthony , Naseri Nasrin
Published: October 2018

This paper reports on the results of design and fabrication of a new finger support. Finger deformation is very common and has many causes and severity. Most of the available finger supports are not resizable and comfortable. They are mainly designed to fully restrict the finger’s motion when there has been any type of injury. However, for example in the case of early stages of arthritis, the patient should be able to use them whenever they want.
Furthermore, the available finger supports cannot be adjusted considering various fingers’ sizes and positions. In this research, seven models of a polymer-metal composite finger support are designed. They are made of a soft polymer with inserted sheets of aluminum, steel or carbon-fiber. The optimal models are strong, and allow for size and finger position adjustments, and can be used for patients who already have distorted fingers and are working on them to
regain some functions. Extensive finite element analysis of the support under the distributed loads of the finger, confirmed by the results obtained by a MATLAB program, shows that the new support tolerates the applied forces without any permanent deformation. Finally, the fabricated part using 3D printing validates the results.
Serum lipids and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a cross-section of male students with symptoms of depression at a university in Iran: an observational study
Authors: Tavakoli Ramin , Yaghooti Hamid , Daghagheleh Robab , Yousofi Rohollah , Rahimifar Parisa
Published: October 2018

Background

Depression is a neuroprogressive disorder that is characterized by neurotransmitter derangement and decreased neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Objectives

To determine the lipid profiles and BDNF levels in university students at an institution in Iran and association of these factors with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores.

Methods

We conducted an observational study of a cross-section of male students at the Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Iran. For each of the 100 participants, a BDI score was obtained and serum levels of BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of serum lipids, including cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were measured using a biochemical analyzer. Castelli’s risk index type I (CRI-I), Castelli’s risk index type II (CRI-II), CRI-I = TG/HDL-C and CRI-II = LDL-cholesterol/ HDL-cholesterol, and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), AIP = log (triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol), were calculated.

Results

Based on BDI scores, lower levels of BDNF, triglycerides, cholesterol, and HDL, but higher levels of LDL were found in participants with higher BDI scores. CRI-I was also increased in participants with depression.

Conclusion

The levels of BDNF and lipid factors are associated with the severity of depression in Iranian male university students. Deranged levels of BDNF and lipids may predispose depressed students to cardiovascular diseases.
L’émancipation du zaǧal oriental de ses modèles andalous à l’ère mamelouke
Authors: Özkan Hakan
Published: October 2018

Le zaǧal oriental a été considéré comme le petit frère du zaǧal des grands maîtres andalous comme Ibn Quzmān, Mudġalīs et d’autres – du moins, c’est ce que nous pouvons déduire en lisant les premières poétiques de cette forme poétique qui ont été écrites sur la rive orientale de la Méditerranée. Safīyaddīn al-Ḥillī (677/1278–749/1348) qui a été le premier à rédiger une telle poétique fonde sa théorie sur les zaǧals modèles d’Andalousie. Dans sa poétique il catalogue et explique les lois et les règles morphologiques, lexicales et syntactiques selon lesquelles un zaǧǧāl aspirant devrait forger ses vers, tout en soulignant qu’Ibn Quzmān ne voulait défendre que l’utilisation excessive de l’iʿrāb (la flexion désinentielle). Dans une large mesure al-Ḥillī laisse de côté la réalité de la production des zaǧals par les poètes de Syrie, d’Irak et d’Égypte à ce moment-là. Par contre, une poétique postérieure comme le Dafʿ aš-šakk wa-l-mayn fī taḥrīr al-fannayn d’un certain Ǧamāladdīn al-Banawānī (m. 860/1456) ne mentionne de zaǧals andalous et ne tente pas d’en établir des règles. Notre présente contribution a pour but de démontrer d’une part que les poétiques sur le zaǧal se sont émancipées de leurs modèles andalous et les règles de composition que les auteurs tels qu’Ibn Quzmān, pour nommer le plus important, n’ont jamais formulées. D’autre part nous examinons les anthologies de zaǧal et des encyclopédies littéraires écrites en Orient pendant le 7e/13e siècle jusqu’au 9e/15e siècle pour mesurer l’importance des zaǧals andalous comparée à celle des zaǧals autochtones. Finalement nous avons identifié deux groupes distincts auxquels les zaǧǧālūn orientaux appartiennent et nous essaierons de mieux définir le lieu et la date où des zaǧǧālūn orientaux se sont manifestés pour la première fois.
Altarabische Dichtung über Dattelpalmen aus dem Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ („Buch der Ringsteine“) des Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026)
Authors: Papoutsakis Nefeli
Published: October 2018

The present paper presents a hitherto unstudied collection of twenty-six early Arabic poems (sixth to eighth centuries) on date palms. The poems are preserved in the Kitāb al-Fuṣūṣ (“Book of Gemstones”) of Ṣāʿid al-Baġdādī (ca. 335–417/945–1026), an Iraqi philologist and littérateur who made a career as a court poet in Muslim Spain. Despite its importance as a crop, the date palm was a topic very rarely raised in Abbasid poetry. As this unique collection shows, however, poems praising the date palm were more common in earlier times. The poems examined here express the benefits of date palm farming by contrasting the supposed ease and safety of agriculturists to the difficulties and risks faced by camel breeders. The repeated comparison of palm trees with camels conveys the tension between the sedentary and the nomadic lifestyles, as they co-existed in pre-Islamic and early Islamic Arabia.
The financial accelerator and marketable debt: the prolongation channel
Authors: Kühl Michael
Published: October 2018

This paper investigates the effects of mark-to-market accounting for risky liabilities on the business cycle. While marking assets to market results in an amplification of the business cycle, as is well-known from the financial accelerator model à la Bernanke, Gertler, and Gilchrist [Bernanke, B. S., M. Gertler, and S. Gilchrist. 1999. “The Financial Accelerator in a Quantitative Business Cycle Framework.” In Handbook of Macroeconomics, edited by J. Taylor and M. Woodford, Elsevier.], allowing for debt with a specific maturity priced at market value generates ambiguous effects. Changes in the market price of debt affects firms’ net worth since the accounting principle takes the perspective of repurchasing debt. This is called the prolongation channel of debt. Real economic activity is attenuated as long as asset and debt prices move in the same direction, whereas the response of debt prices is stronger. This happens for a monetary policy shock or a shock to total factor productivity. Amplification occurs if both prices move in opposite directions, as is the case for a demand shock. The implications for the business cycle eventually depend on the occurrence of shocks. Implementing mark-to-market accounting for liabilities in a model for the US yields a higher volatility of the business cycle.
Space of images of the mixed Riesz hyperbolic B-potential and analytic continuation
Authors: Polovinkin Igor , Shishkina Elina , Sitnik Sergei
Published: October 2018

In this paper we prove semigroup properties for the mixed Riesz hyperbolic B-potential, find its analytic continuation and describe a space of images of mixed hyperbolic Riesz B-potentials.
This problem is closely related to the problem of inversion of the weighted Radon transform on Lorentzian manifolds.
Severe hyperchylomicronemia in two infants with novel APOC2 gene mutation
Authors: Kose Engin , Armagan Coskun , Teke Kısa Pelin , Onay Huseyin , Arslan Nur
Published: October 2018

Background

Familial apo C-II deficiency is a rare hereditary disorder frequently caused by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) andAPOC2gene mutations. To date, less than 30 patients with familial apo C-II deficiency with 24 different mutations have been identified in the literature. Here, we describe two familial chylomicronemia syndrome cases in infants with two novel mutations of theAPOC2gene.

Case presentation

Case 1, a 46-day-old female, was admitted to our hospital for evaluation due to the lipemic appearance of the blood sample. A clinical examination revealed hepatomegaly and lipemia retinalis. Triglyceride level of 6295 mg/dL was decreased with a strict low-fat diet, medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) oil-rich formula and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Due to low adherence to the diet, TG elevation was detected and fresh frozen plasma (10 mL/kg/day) was administered for 2 days. A novel homozygous p.Q25X (c.73C>T) mutation in theAPOC2gene was detected. Case 2, a 10-month-old female patient, referred to our center for the differential diagnosis of hyperlipidemia as her blood sample could not be assessed due to its lipemic appearance. Laboratory examinations showed a TG level of 4520 mg/dL which was reduced with a low-fat diet, MCT oil-rich formula and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. Hepatosteatosis and splenomegaly were determined using abdominal sonography. A novel homozygous IVS2+6T>G (c.55+6T>G) mutation in theAPOC2gene was identified.

Conclusions

We describe two novel homozygous mutations (p.Q25X [c.73C>T] and IVS2+6T>G [c.55+6T>G]) in theAPOC2gene in infants with hyperchylomicronemia. To the best of our knowledge, Case 1 is the youngest patient with familial apo C-II deficiency in the literature to date.
Repetitions in Reserve and Rate of Perceived Exertion Increase the Prediction Capabilities of the Load-Velocity Relationship
Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Muñoz-López Mario , Marchante David , García-Ramos Amador
Published: October 2018

Balsalobre-Fernández, C, Muñoz-López, M, Marchante, D, and García-Ramos, A. Repetitions in reserve and rate of perceived exertion increase the prediction capabilities of the load-velocity relationship. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 724–730, 2021—This study aimed to (a) analyze the relationships between relative load (i.e., %1 repetition maximum; 1RM) and movement velocity, repetitions in reserve (RIR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) in competitive powerlifters and (b) examine whether a multiple linear regression model with the movement velocity, RIR, and RPE as predictor variables could improve the goodness of fit of the load-velocity relationship. Ten competitive powerlifters performed an incremental loading test (from 50 to 100% 1RM) on the full-squat, hip-thrust, and bench press exercises. Barbell velocity was measured using a linear position transducer, while RIR and RPE were registered immediately after each set. Velocity (r
2: 0.747–0.887), RIR (r
2: 0.857–0.928), and RPE (r
2: 0.908–0.933) were moderately to highly related to relative load. A higher amount of variance of the relative load was explained when the RIR and RPE were added to velocity in a multiple regression model in comparison with the load-velocity relationship (r
2: 0.924–0.947). Moreover, it was observed that, in all cases, individual load-velocity, load-RIR, and load-RPE relationships had higher r
2 scores than the generalized load-velocity relationship. Incorporating the RIR and RPE as predictors of the relative load along with movement velocity into a multiple linear regression was shown to provide better estimations of the %1RM than using a linear load-velocity relationship.
All-Cause Mortality of Hospital-Treated Borderline Personality Disorder: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Kjær Jesper N⊘rgaard , Biskin Robert , Vestergaard Claus , Munk-J⊘rgensen Povl
Published: October 2018

Patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are known to present frequently in emergency rooms, and they have a high rate of suicide. The mortality rate of patients with BPD is still unclear. The Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register and The Danish Register for Causes of Death were used to identify patients with a first-ever diagnosis of BPD (ICD-10: F60.31) from 1995 through 2011 together with time and cause of death. A total of 10,545 patients with a BPD diagnosis were followed for a mean time of 7.98 years. A total of 547 deaths were registered. The standardized mortality ratio of patients with BPD compared to the general population was 8.3 (95% CI [7.6, 9.1]). More than three inpatient admissions per year or a comorbid diagnosis of substance use disorder correlated with a higher mortality rate. The increased mortality rate in patients with BPD treated in secondary care emphasizes that it is a severe mental disorder.