bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WORKABILITY CONDITIONS DETERMINATION OF NETWORK DISTRIBUTION WITH OVERHEAD LINES POWER TRANSMISSION WITH THE 6-35 KV
Authors: KUTIN Vasyl , KUTINA Marina , KOVALOV Artem ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: April 2022

The principal of identification of isolation workability in relation to a ground was proposed. It is based on the electrosafety criteria usage and a minimum current flow to a ground. The conditions of workability of isolation of distribution network is calculated in look of changes of isolation workability restrictions in relation to regulations and standards. The Method of parameters of isolation phase calculation was developed in relation to a ground by continuous of common active isolation resistance and voltage phase in relation to a ground and results analysis with the help of special diagnostic model which shows the dependence of parameters of isolation from controllable items. For the calculation of data work and determination of isolation workability DN in relation to a ground was made a structure and algorithms of diagnostic complex functioning that contains the subsistence of constant and periodic control and algorithmical program software oh the base of microcontroller. The main cause of insulation damage is the formation of shunt connections between the conductive part and the ground in electrical distribution networks with a voltage of 6-10 kV. In this case, there are two processes – a smooth symmetrical decrease in the active resistance of the insulation phases due to the action of moisture on the surface of the insulators and an asymmetric sharp decrease in the active resistance of the insulation of individual phases relative to the ground due to shunt connections. Determining the conditions of insulation performance of the distribution network in the form of restrictions on changes in insulation performance in relation to the ground, in accordance with regulations and standards, it is necessary to limit the amount of current through shunting minimum electricity losses.
ABSTRACT MODEL OF INFLUENCE OF MALICIOUS OF SOFTWARE AND METHOD OF ENSURING THE FAILURE RESISTANCE OF SPECIALIZED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: STETSYUK Mykola , KASHTALIAN Antonina ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: April 2022

The proposed abstract model of the effects of malicious software (SDR) allows us to consider the objects of the computer system that may be affected by SDR and computer attacks. Therefore, it was used as a basis for a new method of ensuring the resilience of specialized IT in the face of SDR and computer attacks. As a result, the application of the developed method is carried out in a system that has mechanisms for restructuring and uses redundancies. A feature of the main steps of the developed method according to the parametric control of program file integrity is the possibility of its application to a group of program files that do not have a fixed checksum and thus it expands the possibilities of the known method of detecting. Compared with the known application of this method, in previous work, this method could not be used to control the integrity of a certain group of executable files that have a heterogeneous internal structure. This group includes files of type mde, which are obtained when compiling programs written in MS Access. Their feature is the fact that they have a complex internal structure, which includes, in addition to program code, structures that are elements of the database, such as tables, indexes, relational database schema and others. This step of the method is designed for application in IP with increased fault tolerance and enhanced protection against RAM and computer attacks, namely in the second, local security loop integrated into specialized IT software. This is dictated by the fact that its implementation requires specific information about the parameters of the program file, which is unknown at the system level, but known locally, as it is information obtained in the design and implementation of this part of specialized IT as a whole. Therefore, the scope of the SCR detection method based on checksum calculation for files with volatile checksums as a step of the IT fault tolerance method has been expanded. As a result, the application of the developed method is carried out in a system that has mechanisms for rebuilding and uses redundancies. To study the developed method, a method of evaluating its effectiveness in terms of redundancy and redundancy has been developed. Experimental studies and evaluation calculations confirm the effectiveness of the developed method of ensuring the resilience of IT in the face of SDR and computer attacks.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELENIUM AND BEAUTIFULSOUP EFFICIENCY
Authors: KRYVENCHUK Yurii , BURAK Marko ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: April 2022

Nowadays, the amount of digital information on the World Wide Web is growing exponentially every year. Therefore, the demand for data analysis from web resources has increased. However, to perform data operations, information must first be obtained from the source. Today almost every popular programming language has at least one library that can perform web scraping operations and extract data from websites, although some of them are hard to use or not compatible with the language of the projects, that this data is intended. Therefore, a lot of developers use python as the main tool for such projects. It can be used to build almost any platform and communicate with the parsers within a project. Also, this language is easy to use and has a huge community. There are many python-based tools for working with data mining, of which selenium and beautifulSoup are considered the most popular. Despite the fact that both add-ons work quite well, the developers strive to choose the most optimal one. Thus, there is a need to test these two packages for effectiveness. The paper considers the duration of parsers to search for tags on a web page using different methods and platforms. The study was conducted on the basis of online platforms for the sale of goods. The results showed which tools and functions are the best choices to find products on online stores. The object of analysis was the website “Rozetka”, which is the biggest and the most popular online store in Ukraine. This article has described the advantages and disadvantages of using these libraries especially for scraping data from online stores. To analyze these add-ons, there was a special program created which can open the website on a browser, find the search bar, and enter the name of the desired product, afterward using various methods of these libraries perform a product search. For each search time was recorded. The results showed that beautifulSoup can find tags faster than selenium in general, however, for searching and web scraping online stores selenium can perform better and is more suitable.
PROSPECTIVE SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR DATA ANALYSIS IN BUSINESS
Authors:   Vinnytsia National Technical University, LISHCHYNSKA Lydmyla , DOBROVOLSKA Natalia ,   Vinnitsa Trade and Economics Institute of  Kyiv National Trade and Economics University
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of a research of promising software tools for data analysis that can be used for domestic business, their characteristics, identifying features, advantages and disadvantages of various business intelligence tools, recommendations for implementation. Data analysis tools provide an opportunity to significantly improve the company’s performance, but only when the selection of the tool, its implementation and maintenance take into account all the features of the company’s business processes. Business analytics software tools help you analyze your datasets to make informed management decisions, improve processes, and shape and achieve business goals.To choose the right business intelligence tools, you need to consider the most important factors: visual functionality, flexibility, integration, customization, mobility, learning requirements, pricing, IT support, cloud or local BI deployment, and more. In addition, you need to identify the functions that are most important to your company, will allow you to get a balanced option: meet current needs and anticipate further growth. The main functions offered by BI suppliers: debugging information panels; built-in analytics; functions of joint work; remote access by mobile devices; independent data preparation; advanced analytics, etc. Areas of use of data mining are virtually unlimited, in particular, its use by commercial enterprises that implement projects based on information repositories can gain significant advantages over competitors, as well as in strategic planning. Data is a powerful tool for business transformation, forcing companies to use modern business intelligence tools and seek experts to help understand, decipher and interpret hidden trends in the industry and the market. This is especially true when working with Вig data.
ADVANCED METHOD OF PROTECTION OF CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION FROM INTERCEPTION BY HIGH-FREQUENCY IMPOSITION METHODS
Authors: KRIUCHKOVA LARYSA , TSMOKANYCH IVAN , VOVK MAKSYM
Published: April 2022

The processes of formation of technical channels of leakage of confidential information on objects of information activity by methods of high-frequency imposition, physical essence of process of formation of dangerous signals by modulation of probing high-frequency signal by acoustic signals, conditions of formation of basic and auxiliary technical means and systems of dangerous signals are considered. As a basis for improvement, a method of blocking information interception channels by high-frequency imposition is used, in which target active noise protection signals are introduced into the medium used to supply probing oscillations, aimed at destroying informative parameters of dangerous signal with different types of carrier modulation. It is proposed to form a set of protective signals for the destruction of informative parameters of dangerous signals both on the fundamental frequency and on the combinational harmonics of the probing signal, which provides more effective protection of confidential information from interception. The parameters of effective noise protection signals, capable of destroying the informative parameters of dangerous signals of high-frequency imposition on the fundamental frequency and combinational harmonics of the probing signal, have been determined by mathematical and simulation modelling. Basic recommendations for the formation of protective signals are formulated.
METHODS AND MODELS OF DECISION-MAKING IN UNCERTAIN CONDITIONS
Authors: SICHKO TETIANA , NESKORODIEVA TETIANA , RYMAR PAVLO
Published: April 2022

Were considered the issues of making managerial decisions in uncertain conditions with classical criteria approach for estimation of alternatives from a set of possible decision-making variants. Was considered the decision-making model in uncertain conditions, based on the game theory concept when the uncertain situation was caused by objective circumstances which are unknown or have casual nature. Was formalized the optimal decision-making process on the conditions for adjusting the inventories use volume. Were considered the concepts and components of the information situation. Was considered the information situation classifier related to environmental uncertainty and applicable classical criteria in the decision-making process. The risk function in the implementation of a particular strategy is defined. Found risk magnitude for a possible information situation and the recorded state of the environment. Defined risk as the difference between the solution when accurate data on the environment state is available and the result when data on the state of the environment is not determined. Three-month plan creation for inventory use is taken as an example, were considered alternative strategies for the formation of inventories. Developed plan adjustment algorithm for enterprise production stocks. Defined an effective production strategy for the next strategic management of enterprise production stocks period according to the algorithm. An assessment matrix of the considered information situation is formed. According to estimates, an alternative solution was chosen. Using the voting method, the optimal strategy and the amount of risk were found. It is concluded that it is insufficient to use one classical criterion for optimal decision-making in uncertain conditions.
УМОВИ УСПІШНОГО ОСВОЄННЯ РОЛІ МАТЕРІ ТА СТАНОВЛЕННЯ МАТЕРИНСТВА В ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОМУ КОНСУЛЬТУВАННІ ЖІНОК
Authors: Петяк Олена , Руденок Алла
Published: April 2022

У статті представлені результати дослідження психологічних умов та охарактеризовані особливості психологічного консультування жінок-матерів, що сприяють успішному освоєнню ролі матері після народження першої дитини. У дослідженні взяли участь 85 матерів, що народили першу дитину (дітей). Вік дітей – від 5 до 25 місяців. З’ясовано, що важливе значення в процесі освоєння ролі матері мають три групи психологічних умов: рівень ригідності жінки, виправданість очікувань щодо материнства і ставлення до компонентів цієї ролі (виконання материнських функцій, ставлення до себе в ролі матері і емоційне ставлення до новонародженої дитини). Матері з високим рівнем ригідності оцінюють складність адаптації до народження дитини як найбільш високу. Мають труднощі у звиканні до змін, які пов'язані з народженням дитини, ті жінки, чиї очікування щодо материнства зазнали краху. Суб'єктивно вони переживають відмова від багатьох сфер життя, вимушену ізоляцію та зосередженість на дитині, рутинність та буденність перших місяців піклування про дитину. Труднощі, що пов'язані з турботою про немовля, легше переносять жінки, які з прийняттям ставляться до компонентів материнської ролі: до себе в ролі матері, материнських функцій і до самої дитини.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИБОРУ ПРОФЕСІЇ ПСИХОЛОГА СТУДЕНТАМИ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Василенко Олена
Published: April 2022

У статті розглянуто проблему вибору студентами закладів вищої освіти професії психолога, а також тих мотивів і чинників, що впливають на цей вибір. На основі аналізу емпіричних даних встановлено, що молодь, яка обирає професію психолога керується здебільшого внутрішніми мотивами, прагненнями до спілкування та допомоги іншим, а також побудови відповідної кар’єри за цією професією. З’ясовано, що при виборі спеціальності «Психологія» студентів найбільше приваблювала можливість особистісного розвитку, покликання і здібності до цієї професії. А основним чинником, що ускладнював вибір майбутньої спеціальності стала платіжна неспроможність їхніх родин. У статті встановлено, що студенти, обираючи професію психолога ще не володіють достатніми знаннями, уявленнями та професійною мотивацією, тому за час навчання у закладі вищої освіти переосмислюють своє ставлення до цієї професії.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕМОЦІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ІТ-СФЕРИ ЯК ПРЕДСТАВНИКІВ ПРОФЕСІЙ СУБ’ЄКТ-ОБ’ЄКТНОГО ТИПУ
Authors: МАКСИМЧУК Катерина , ПОДКОРИТОВА Лариса
Published: April 2022

У даній статті розглядається проблема емоційного вигорання працівників суб’єкт-об’єктного типу. Особливу увагу приділено працівниками ІТ-сфери, оскільки ця галузь невпинно розвивається і попит на якісних фахівців все більше зростає у всіх куточках світу. Під час пандемії виявлено ще більший відсоток «вигорілих» представників даної професії. В статті проведений аналіз різних поглядів дослідників на питання емоційного вигорання у професіях «несоціальної сфери». Основний зміст дослідження включає у себе аналіз поняття «емоційне вигорання», його основних компонентів та їх ранжування у професіях суб’єкт-об’єктного типу. Виділено основні відмінності між вигоранням у професіях суб’єкт-суб’єктного типу та професіях суб’єкт-об’єктного типу.

В статті представлені характерні стресогенні чинники професійної діяльності ІТ-спеціалістів, що можуть мати серйозний вплив на формування емоційного вигорання. На основі цього складені рекомендації, щодо поліпшення організаційної політики в середині ІТ-компаній, що може зменшити ризик виникнення даного стану у їхніх працівників.
ФОРМУВАННЯ У СТУДЕНТІВ-ПСИХОЛОГІВ «SOFT SKILLS» ЯК ЧИННИК ЇХ УСПІШНОЇ МАЙБУТНЬОЇ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: ВАСИЛЕНКО Олена , КОРЧАК Ірина
Published: April 2022

У статті розглянуто проблему формування у студентів-психологів «soft skills» як необхідної складової їх майбутньої професійної діяльності. На основі аналізу теоретичних даних встановлено, що «soft skills» – це набір рис особистості, соціальні навички, комунікативні здібності, особисті звички, дружелюбність і оптимізм. До цієї групи навичок належать індивідуальні, комунікативні та управлінські навички. З’ясовано, що «soft skills» є доповненням до «жорстких» або «професійних» навичок («hard skills»), але на відміну від «hard skills», які можна формувати і розвивати, «soft skills» складніше опанувати та змінювати. Авторами статті виділено п’ять груп «soft skills» майбутніх фахівців в галузі психології, які є важливою складовою їхньої успішної професійної діяльності: навички комунікації, навички особистої ефективності, управлінські навички, стратегічні навички та критичне мислення. На основі аналізу теоретичних джерел авторами статті охарактеризовано шляхи розвитку виокремлених груп «soft skills» у майбутніх психологів.
Population policy options in the developing world
Authors: Bongaarts John
Published: April 2022

The population of the developing world is expanding at the unprecedented rate of more than 800 million people per decade, and, despite anticipated reductions in growth during the next century, its size is expected to increase from 4.1 billion in 1990 to 10.2 billion in 2100. Past efforts to curb this growth have focused almost exclusively on the implementation of family planning programs to provide contraceptive information, services, and supplies. While these programs have been partially successful in reducing birth rates, further investments in them will have a limited additional impact on population growth. Other policy options, in particular measures to reduce high demand for births and to limit population momentum, are therefore needed. This working paper reviews past approaches to population policy and assesses alternative options available to governments of developing countries. These topics were discussed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the “Earth Summit”) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 and will be a focus at the International Conference on Population and Development in 1994 in Cairo.
Factors that contribute to the varying performance of BSPOs and BHWs in the delivery of family planning services in Iloilo City
Authors: David Fely , Chin Fely
Published: April 2022

In 1992, the Population Council established the Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in the Philippines. It brought together program managers and regional researchers to identify problem areas that might benefit from operations research. From Western Visayas (Region VI), the City Population Office (CPO) of Iloilo City in collaboration with the Social Science Research Institute of the Central Philippine University, identified a problem concerning the poor performance of volunteer family planning (FP) workers and undertook to study it. The study focused on the Barangay Service Point Officers (BSPOs) who assist in the delivery of FP services under the supervision of the CPO, and Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) who concentrate on maternal and child care but have minimal involvement in FP and are supervised by the City Health Office. As this report states, the objective was to compare the FP activities and performance of the BSPOs and BHWs in Iloilo City and determine the factors that influence their performance.
National Research Utilization Conference, September 1994
Authors:   Family Planning Operations Reserach and Training (FPORT) Program
Published: April 2022

The National Research Utilization Conference, held in Manila September 20, 1994, was the third conference convened by the Population Council's Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in collaboration with the Department of Health. The FPORT program is being conducted under the Population Council's Asia and Near East Operations Research and Technical Assistance Project. This conference is the culmination of activities that started in October 1992 with a workshop on Introduction to Operations Research in Family Planning. The conference disseminated the results of five OR studies, discussed and evaluated policy and program implications, contributed to the legitimation of OR as a management tool, and helped identify OR needs at the national and local levels. As noted in this report, the conference was attended by health and population program managers and policymakers, researchers on family planning (FP) and population issues from NGOs, the academic community, and USAID collaborating agencies. FP program managers discussed how the study results have been or will be utilized.
Strengthening health and family planning services in low performing and hard-to-reach areas of Bangladesh: Workshop report
Authors: Rob Ubaidur , Talukder Md. Noorunnabi
Published: April 2022

Although Bangladesh has established a comprehensive physical infrastructure to deliver health and family planning services with a network of primary health care facilities in rural areas, the impact of this health service network has been much less than expected because services do not reach all regions effectively. Two divisions, Sylhet and Chittagong, remain the most disadvantaged in terms of health and population outcomes and access to services, compounded by poor utilization of facilities in these areas. Moreover, the current health and population sector programs are beset with human resources and infrastructural problems. The Population Council organized a workshop to find answers to a key question: how can service delivery be improved in low-performing and hard-to-reach areas. This report shows that the workshop’s objectives were to: review current and emerging health and family planning issues particularly in low-performing and hard-to-reach areas; identify areas of deficiency in service delivery; and develop strategies for improving the performance of the health and population sectors in low-performing and hard-to-reach areas. Discussions were centered on human resources and infrastructure; behavior change communication and advocacy; and supplies and logistics.
Analisis modifikasi sistem kopling otomatis ke sistem kopling manual terhadap akselerasi sepeda motor Supra-X tahun 2014
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Sutarna I Nyoman , Antara I Nengah Ludra ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Suherman I Ketut ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Adi I Ketut ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali
Published: April 2022

Acceleration is the change in speed in a certain unit of time. The method applied in this research is the experimental method. The purpose of the analysis of the modification of the automatic clutch system to the manual clutch system on motorcycle acceleration is to determine the results of the modification of the automatic clutch system to the manual clutch system on acceleration. The results of the first test showed that the average acceleration in the automatic clutch system was 101.05 m/s2, and the second an average acceleration was 101.14 m/s2, so the average acceleration was 101.095 m/s2. When using the manual clutch system, the first test results obtained an average acceleration of 77.87 m/s2, the second obtained an average acceleration of 78.51, so the average acceleration was 78.19 m/s2. So the average acceleration using the automatic clutch system is 101,095 m/s2, while those using the manual clutch system are 78.19 m/s2. There was a very significant difference of 101.095 m/s2 - 78.19 m/s2 = 22,905 or 22.65%. This means the use of the manual clutch system accelerates faster than the automatic clutch system.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cangkang Telur Ayam sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair pada Pertumbuhan dan Karakter Morfologi Mucuna bracteata
Authors: Zein Zulkifli , Putro Gesang Edi , Pamungkas Saktiono Sigit Tri
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan limbah cangkang telur ayam (Es) sebagai pupuk organik cair (POC) terhadap karakteristik morfologi Mucuna bracteata (Mb). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Juni 2021 di laboratorium terpadu Politeknik LPP Yogyakarta. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial yaitu dosis POC yang berbeda yang terdiri dari P0 (kontrol), P1 (25 ml POC), P2 (50 ml POC), P3 (75 ml POC) dan P4 (100 ml POC). Karakteristik morfologi yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan bobot basah tanaman. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Anova dengan tingkat kepercayaan 5%, apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata pada perlakuan dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan Ducan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pengaruh nyata terhadap pemberian POC pada perlakuan P3 (75 ml POC) pada seluruh variabel karakteristik morfologi yang diamati, yaitu tinggi tanaman (12,17 cm), jumlah daun (7,46 helai) dan bobot basah tanaman (7,67 gram). POC diduga mampu menambah makrohara sekunder pada media tanam Mb terutama Ca dan Mg. Makrohara sekunder Ca berperan penting dalam diferensiasi sel sehingga akan berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun pada Mb, sedangkan mikro hara Mg berperan sebagai prekusor pembentukan klorofil pada daun Mb.

Kata kunci: cangkang telur, makrohara sekunder, morfologi, Mucuna bracteata,
Visualizing the Effects of Chronic Versus Sporadic Losses in Manufacturing Industries – A Case Study
Authors: Bengtsson Marcus , Alm Peter , Tjulin Bo
Published: April 2022

Measuring overall equipment effectiveness can be rather difficult. Particularly to capture all chronic losses, those losses that occur frequently, often on a daily basis, and often with a rather quick and easy fix without involvement of other support functions. Sporadic losses, on the other hand, such as breakdowns, lack of material or manpower is quite easily logged as it gets noticed. This issue is clearly a bigger one when discussing manual or semi-automatic OEE measurement systems. As a complement to this and as a way of visualizing effects of chronic versus sporadic losses a tool has been developed and tested in a case study in an industrial setting.
Identification of Tasks to Be Supported by Machine Learning to Reduce Sales & Operations Planning Challenges in an Engineer-to-Order Context
Authors: Ohlson Nils-Erik , Riveiro Maria , Bäckstrand Jenny
Published: April 2022

Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) is a process that aims to align dimensioning efforts in a company, based on one integrated plan and with clear decision milestones. The alignment is cross-functional and connects different operations functions with each other to set an overall delivery ability. There are always challenges connecting different functions in a company which most S&OP practitioners agree with, still, that is one of the things that the S&OP-process should bridge. Digital solutions such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and other more or less sophisticated tools have contributed to an improved cross functional communication over time. S&OP in an Engineer-to-order (ETO) context, especially where engineering is a major or an equal portion as e.g., make-to-stock (MTS) and make-to-order (MTO) contexts, may experience even further challenges. Technologies within Industry 4.0 are changing the way S&OP is carried out; one of the most relevant ones is Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly, Machine Learning (ML) that analyses data collected during these processes to find patterns and extract knowledge. The intent with this paper is to, based on S&OP-challenges, see if ML can be used to improve these challenges. In a brief literature review together with empiric data from a single industrial case (SIC), S&OP-challenges were defined and structured. Based on the challenges in several S&OP-sub-areas, classified into data quality, horizontal and vertical disconnects, specific tasks were specified and structured into anomaly detection, clustering and classification, and predictions. Which exact ML-method to use require further work and tests. Still, this is a good starting point to take the next step and the specified tasks could also be used for other practitioners that want to start using ML/AI in their daily activities.
Towards an Objective Classification of Extruded Aluminum Surfaces – A Literature Review and Case Study
Authors: Rebeggiani Sabina , Bergman Martin , Rosén BG , Eriksson Lars
Published: April 2022

Large costs and lead-time losses are created by returned aluminum products - to a great extent unnecessarily. Much of the metal product complaints are due to visual surface defects. Today, the aluminum industry relies on several non-standardized classification systems for surface quality assessments which provides far too much scope for subjective and non-repeatable surface estimations. To challenge this situation, a common toolbox to describe and define surface quality in a more objective way needs to be developed. A first step towards such standardization is to speak the same language, thus this study is based on a state-of-the-art survey covering terminology and descriptions of surface defects in literature, and a round-robin assessment collecting terms used by employees at seven companies within the aluminum industry. The literature study showed that most attempts to catalog and categorized various types of defects on commercial aluminum extrusions are based on the origin of defects and how to prevent and/or reduce them, thus the vocabulary is production-oriented and most terms are not useful from the customers’ nor the designers’ point of view when coming to describe desired surface effect, i.e. perceived surface quality. The round-robin assessment confirmed the large variation of terminology used, and that defects were judged differently also within the same company due to experience and field of work. A common vocabulary is suggested to be based on the relationships between used expressions; from general terms at stages linked to consumers, designers and sale, tracing towards more technical terms the closer the stage where the origin of the defect can be found. This structure, in combination with e.g. manufacturing cost, is expected to guide customers towards more sustainable surface quality choices that, together with more consistent surface assessments along the production chain, is expected to strongly reduce unnecessary scrapping.
Challenges for Manufacturing SMEs in the Introduction of Collaborative Robots
Authors: Schnell Marie , Holm Magnus
Published: April 2022

Collaborative robots, cobots can be an alternative to traditional industrial robots, but for small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs, the adoption still is in an early stage. This study, a combination of literature study and interviews with staff at companies and reserachers, aims to identify the challenges for manufacturing SMEs when introducing cobots in the business so that future work in companies can be based on these finding facilitating a smooth implementation. The mainchallenges identified are related to safety, performance, strategy, involvement, and training. Safety aspects are crucial since human operators work closely with collaborative robots and risk serious injuries even though the managers and operators in the case study do not seem to worry since they perceive the current cobots as relatively slow and safe. Other high-prioritised challenges are related to performance and strategy, e.g., how to achieve cost-effectiveness with small production volumes and get the robotic investment to pay off in the long turn, but also to choose a proper cobot solution and a reliable supplier, find suitable work tasks and obtain quality if the cobot fails to recognize a defective product or skewed inputs on the production line. Employee involvement is another success factor since early involvement of the operators leads to better acceptance and understanding of the new technology and the changed work situation. There is a need for skilled, educated workers as well, although the case study shows that the SMEs highlight the importance of choosing a robot system that is easy to learn and easy to use for everyone. This paper will discuss challenges when introducing cobots in manufacturing SMEs.
Improving Cybersecurity Awareness Among SMEs in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Johansson Kevin , Paulsson Tim , Bergström Erik , Seigerroth Ulf
Published: April 2022

Small and medium-sized (SME) manufacturing enterprises have been described as a sector that traditionally has not been data-intensive, with low spending on IT and cybersecurity and employees with low cybersecurity awareness. SMEs have also been described as agile and under pressure to adopt new technology and embrace digitalization to gain a competitive advantage. Entering this data-intensive world also comes with new risks, making them extra vulnerable. Not much attention has been directed at how SMEs in the manufacturing sector are working with improving employees’ cybersecurity awareness. Especially not where cybersecurity training programs are in focus. To investigate these aspects, we opted for a set of five SMEs in the manufacturing industry where it was possible to perform in-depth semi-structured interviews with chief information security officers’ (CISO) and employees. The results show several interesting results, for example, regarding the view on contextualization of training material and the relevance of microlearning. The study also presents several practical implications, including recommendations for improving cybersecurity training measures for SMEs in the manufacturing sector.
A Data Scientific Approach Towards Predictive Maintenance Application in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Duan Xinjie , Vasudevan Adarsh , Turanoglu Bekar Ebru , Gandhi Kanika , Skoogh Anders
Published: April 2022

Most industries have recently started to harness the power of data to assess their performance and improve their production systems for future competitiveness and sustainability. Therefore, utilization of data for obtaining insights through data-driven approaches is invading every domain of industrial applications. Predictive maintenance (PdM) is one of the highest impacted industrial use cases in data-driven applications due to its ability to predict machine failures by implementing machine learning algorithms. This study aims to propose a systematic data scientific approach to provide valuable insights by analysing industrial alarm and event log data, which might further be used for investigation in root cause understanding and planning of necessary maintenance activities. To do that, a Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) is followed as a reference model in this study. The results are presented by first understanding the relationship between alarms and product types being processed in the selected machines by using exploratory data analysis (EDA). Along with this, the behavior of problematic alarms is identified. Afterward, a predictive analysis formulated as a multi-class classification problem is performed using various Machine Learning (ML) models to predict the category of alarm and generate rules to be used for further investigation in maintenance planning. The performance of the developed models is evaluated based on the different metrics and the decision tree model is selected with the higher accuracy score among them. As a theoretical contribution, this study presents an implementation of predictive modeling in a structured way, which uses a systematic data scientific approach based on industrial alarm and event log data. On the other hand, as a practical contribution, this study provides a set of decision rules that can act as decision support for further exploration of possible in-depth root causes through the other contextual data, and hence it gives an initial foundation towards PdM application in the case company.
Exploring the Manufacturing Reshoring Decision-Making Process Using System Dynamics
Authors: De Los Rios Pérez Daniel Alejandro , Sequeira Movin , Linnéusson Gary , Pardillo-Baez Yinef
Published: April 2022

Reshoring manufacturing is a strategic decision because of its cost, implications, and complexity. Existing models have largely focused on cost aspects in reshoring decisions and are considered limited in assisting practitioners in the reshoring decision-making process. Variables like cost and quality have been the most important, whereas environment and sustainability seem not a priority, arguing for the myopic nature of these decisions. Therefore, this study employs system dynamics (SD) to expand practitioners’ mental models for the reshoring decision-making process. To do so, first, variables and heuristics are retrieved from the literature. Next, an industry expert is interviewed to have a practitioner’s input. Finally, a descriptive SD model is built by connecting variables and heuristics. The findings indicate that the behavior of the variables in reshoring decisions is dynamic over time. Furthermore, the variables are inter-linked, resulting in non-linear, multi-caused reshoring decisions. The presented SD model allows incorporating the variables that are sometimes difficult to quantify and provides a holistic view of the variables, their relationships, complexities, and the dynamics involved in the reshoring decision-making process. This study contributes to reshoring literature by using SD perspective in the reshoring decision-making process and proposing an SD model for reshoring decision-making. This study assists practitioners in expanding their mental models regarding the reshoring decision-making process. It is further argued that the proposed SD model may work as a generic steppingstone to further develop company-specific feedback-oriented models to support in their reshoring decision-making processes and to support future research on the topic.
Optimised Shop-Floor Operator Support on an Integrated AR and PLM Framework for Remanufacturing
Authors: Quesada Díaz Raquel , Syberfeldt Anna
Published: April 2022

Product disassembly and inspection are essential operations in a sustainable product life cycle, particularly in end-of-life strategies such as remanufacturing. This study identifies critical aspects of usability of a framework that supports the remanufacturing process and its operators. Two of the challenges faced by operators in remanufacturing are the number of product variants and quality decisions. As a result of these, the performance time and the number of errors committed increase. The integration of Augmented Reality (AR), product lifecycle management and expert systems increase the efficiency of managing stored data and supports the remanufacturing process and its operators. A head-mounted display has been used to run the application, allowing the operator to take it right to the working area. The information displayed during the manufacturing processes includes CAD models or images of the industrial equipment and its components and dynamic information, providing clear instructions easy to follow during the remanufacturing process. The proposed methodologic approach uses the concept of rule-based Expert Systems to determine the information content that is dynamically displayed on the AR device and to optimise the route that should be followed in remanufacturing operations. A pilot testing was done to assess the functional suitability of the final AR application to support the delivery of dynamic information in its final industrial environment. The evaluation was done in a real-working environment selecting the assembly, disassembly and inspection operations as a base. A questionnaire to measure the usability of the system was provided to the test subjects after the testing. The results from the questionnaire show a positive perception of the usability of the framework. According to the result analysis, the framework has high usability and can reduce errors and impaired decision-making.
Operator Contributions to Innovation: Supporting Innovative Production Development in a Digital Learning Environment
Authors: Hedman M. , Kurdve M. , Larsson L. , Öhrwall Rönnbäck A.
Published: April 2022

As all technologies come to pass, change by innovation is needed both ways, exploiting current knowledge to do better and exploring new knowledge to do differently. Due to years of continuous improvement (CI), exploitation of current knowledge in production development is rather well investigated, exploration is less. It could be argued that not utilizing the potential explorative operator contributions to production innovation is a lost opportunity to increase a company’s innovation capability. Simultaneously, operators are facing great changes when manufacturing is adopting to digitalization and sustainability challenges enhancing the need for production innovation. This study focused on a team of operators through a workshop series of five sessions about explorative activities in a format using structured and semi-structured interviews. The study provided a basis for constructing a model for positioning operators’ both digital and explorative maturity level. Through the empirical data and the model, the conclusion is illustrated as alternative pathways to reach a desired level of operator maturity. It was concluded that approaching digital and explorative maturity for operators should be done as a two-step process. Increasing both maturities simultaneously, as with the studied team, showed difficult due to the digital and explorative maturity being co-dependent. The suggested two-step process contributes to a better understanding of prerequisites and opportunities for operators to participate and contribute to production innovation in digitalized work environments, ultimately increasing the company’s innovation capability.
Education of the Future: Learnings and Experiences from Offering Education to Industry Professionals
Authors: Aslam Tehseen , Goienetxea Ainhoa , Svensson Henrik
Published: April 2022

Digitalization is forcing the industry to rethink current practices in all business domains, pushing for a digital transformation of business and operations at a high rate and, thus, paving the way for new business models and making others redundant. For small and medium-sized companies (SME), in particular, it is an enormous challenge to keep up with the pace of technological development. Several initiatives have argued the industry’s need for continuous digitalization, innovation, transformation ability, and future skills and competencies development. However, the advancement of the Swedish industry in this area has been uneven, where larger organizations have begun their digital transformation journey to some extent, but SMEs risk falling behind. In addition to the technological transformation, the challenges regarding the industries’ skills supply need to be solved, where a workforce with the right competencies, knowledge, and skill sets are equally, if not more, important for remaining competitive. One of the key elements to face these challenges in the companies will be to recruit knowledgeable employees or re-skill the existing ones. Efficient access to relevant knowledge and skills is still a major concern for companies that will surely affect their competitiveness for a long time to come. This paper elaborates on the opportunities and challenges that Swedish universities face in the context of lifelong learning and education for industry professionals. The paper presents results and experiences gained from a lifelong learning project for industry professionals at the University of Skövde in collaboration with ten industry partners. The results from the project show that in addition to pedagogical methods, current structures and policies within academia need to be further developed to effectively serve industry professionals. The paper also presents a concept of education for industry professionals in the lifelong learning context based on the results and experience gained from the project.
Knowledge Integration in Product and Production Development Through Boundary Objects and Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wlazlak Paraskeva , Ashour Pour Milad
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses the role of prototypes with special focus on rapid prototyping or also called additive manufacturing. The authors of the paper combine literature on additive manufacturing and boundary crossing to increase the understanding about prototypes and specifically rapid prototyping during new product development. This paper is cross-disciplinary and aims to fulfil three objectives: (1) Synthesis of literature regarding potential role of prototypes to support crossing of the knowledge boundaries during new product development; (2) Outline of prototypes’ properties that enable them to become boundary objects; (3) Outline meeting points between boundary crossing literature and the literature on additive manufacturing which can provide guideline for further investigation. The authors have found that the concept of boundary objects is still underdeveloped in the context of additive manufacturing, as the main benefits are related to quality, time, and cost. Through combination with literature on boundary objects, the role of prototypes to converge different diverging perspectives, translate and transform knowledge are emphasized and underlined.
Modelo de análisis de riesgos de contratos en minería ante Industria 4.0
Authors: Peña Ramírez Camilo , Harold Harold , Ríos Muñoz Francisco
Published: April 2022

En la industria minera se está desarrollando una revolución tecnológica, con la incorporación de inteligencia artificial, Big Data e interconexión digital de dispositivos a las diversas industrias, fenómeno denominado Industria 4.0. El objetivo de esta investigación es proponer un modelo de análisis de riesgo de contratos mineros de empresas de servicios externos. Para esto se debió describir el estado actual de la industria minera del país, tecnologías que se utilizan y su obsolescencia, y cómo es la función de administración de contratos en la actualidad. Esta es una investigación cualitativa de nivel exploratoria. Se desarrolla un nuevo instrumento o método de obtención de información y análisis, para que los administradores de contratos y gerencias de la industria minera puedan identificar cuál es el riesgo de las nuevas tecnologías en la gestión administrativa de los contratos relacionados. Durante el año 2021, se analizaron 3 grandes grupos mineros en Chile, obteniendo por vías formales información primaria de los contratos de cada compañía, para seleccionar un caso para validar el modelo. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad semi-estructuradas, con expertos de la industria, administradores (externo) y responsables de contrato (mandante) y gerentes de departamento. Con esta información se diseñó mediante técnicas de evaluación de riesgos, una metodología de análisis de riesgos para los contratos vigentes y además una herramienta para el análisis de las posibles tecnologías a implementar. Se sistematizó la información de estudios sectoriales especializados para definir categorías de análisis y criterios. Este trabajo permitiría el desarrollo futuro de técnicas analíticas avanzadas, basadas en la misma secuencia de análisis.
Risk Management for 4-H Youth Development Work: Pre-Event Planning Guide and Matrix
Authors: Pracht Dale , Norman Marilyn , Fogarty Kate , Hink Jean
Published: April 2022

4H10.8, a 3-page fact sheet by Dale Pracht, Marilyn Norman, Kate Fogarty, and Jean Hink, is part of the Risk Management for 4-H Youth Development Work series. It outlines the steps to use the pre-event planning matrix, which helps leaders prepare for activities that involve risk. Includes references. Published by the Florida 4-H Youth Development Program, August 2010.
4HFSV90.1/4H299: Risk Management for 4-H Youth Development Work: Pre-Event Planning Guide and Matrix (ufl.edu)
Understanding Volunteer Management in 4-H
Authors: Terry Bryan D. , Godke Rick , Heltemes Bill , Wiggins Lori
Published: April 2022

This document is 4-H 6.3, one of a series by Bryan D. Terry, Rick Godke, Bill Heltemes, and Lori Wiggins that has been published by the UF 4-H and Youth Development Program, October 2010.
4H 6.3/4H301: Understanding Volunteer Management in 4-H (ufl.edu)