bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
דחיקה ועקירה מהעיר: מבט דרומזרחי
Authors: צפדיה ארז , יפתחאל אורן
Published: February 2025

נושא הדחיקה והעקירה מהעיר מקבל בשנים האחרונות נראות גוברת במדעי החברה והרוח. זו התפתחות מבורכת, אולם המחקר בתחום נשלט בעיקר בידי גישה ביקורתית קלאסית שעיקרה בהיגיון המנשל של הקפיטליזם ובתהליך הג'נטריפיקציה הנלווה אליו, בעיקר בערי ה"צפונמערב" הגלובלי. המאמר טוען כי הדחיקה והעקירה מהעיר, הגוברות בערי העולם, הפכו לתופעות מבניות שממסגרות את האזרחות העירונית העכשווית, וכי הן נובעות משילוב של מגוון הגיונות מבניים – חומריים, פוליטיים וחוקיים – ולא רק מכוחות השוק הקפיטליסטי. במאמר מודגש הצורך לאמץ גישות "דרומזרחיות", קרי כאלה המתמקדות בדינמיקות עירוניות שאופייניות לחברות לא-מערביות, מה שכונה בעבר "הפריפריה הגלובלית" או "העולם השלישי". המבט הזה מהפריפריה מדגיש את חשיבות האינטראקציה בין תכנון עירוני, היבטי זהות, מגדר, קולוניאליזם ולאומיות, וקפיטליזם (מקומי וגלובלי). אינטראקציה כזאת יוצרת סוגים חדשים של מרחבים אפורים ובהם מצבים שאנו מכנים דְחיקוּת ועֲקירוּת עירונית (urban displaceability), שהם חלק אינטגרלי מחוויית החיים בעיר. המאמר ממפה את מצבי הדחיקה והדחיקוּת הנוצרים במשטרים עירוניים בעידן הנוכחי. לטענתנו, דחיקה ועקירה מהעיר אינן רק אירועי מדיניות או תוצר של מאבקים אורבניים, אלא מצבים מבניים המהווים תשתית לאזרחות עירונית בעיר העכשווית. ניתוח זה מאפשר לנו להבחין בחזרתם של יחסים (ניאו-)קולוניאליים אל ליבה של העיר העכשווית, ולעמוד על חשיבות הדרום והמזרח הגלובליים כנקודות מבט אמפיריות ואתיות לניתוח ביקורתי של החברה העירונית ולהנעת התהליך לתיקונה.
Performance evaluation of self-organizing features in wireless sensor networks
Authors:   School of Electrical Engineering, Ontario Institute of Technology, Ontario Tech University, Canada., Simon Michael , Din Salwa M. ,   York University, Toronto, Canada.
Published: February 2025

With recent advancements in microelectromechanical systems, low-power integrated circuits, and wireless communications, wireless sensor networks have gained immense significance [1,2]. These distributed networks facilitate the efficient utilization of resources as well as create countless opportunities for everyday life applications: personal healthcare, home automation, environment monitoring, industrial automation, and defense surveillance to name a few. Sensor networks are vulnerable to environmental conditions of their deployment area and may experience damage. If a part of the network is destroyed, the network needs to be reconfigured or repaired. Due to a number of issues and adjustments in available resources, the mechanisms of the wireless sensor network must be self-organized. For example, in task allocation, cooperative communication, and dynamic data-collection activities, self-organization can enhance the capabilities of wireless sensor networks related to applications, network, and physical layer.
Au-delà des mots : analyse de la première édition de l’oeuvre de Pierre de Cafmeyer (1720)
Authors: Chaidron Manon
Published: February 2025

Cet article analyse la première édition du livre de Pierre de Cafmeyer, parue en 1720 à l’occasion du jubilé du Saint Sacrement du Miracle de Bruxelles. L’objectif principal de l’auteur et de l’éditeur est double : d’une part, lutter contre les dissidences et, d’autre part, raviver la dévotion des fidèles. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le livre intègre étroitement la reproduction des tableaux décrivant la légende, offerts à la cathédrale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule cette année-là, que ce soit dans le format in-folio ou in-octavo de l’ouvrage. Ces scènes aident le lecteur à prendre connaissance du récit et à méditer. Le plus petit format peut être emporté par le fidèle dans l’édifice religieux, tandis que le second lui offre la possibilité de se remémorer, chez lui, le cheminement qu’il a fait dans l’église grâce à la reproduction de l’espace ecclésial par le texte et les illustrations.
Faire de la musique en temps difficiles
Authors: Bhagwati Sandeep
Published: February 2025

Formés à entendre des schémas même dans le bruit, les musiciens transforment souvent le bruit des temps difficiles en art – mais cet acte même d’analyse les abstrait de l’immersion dans le tumulte. Cette tendance est renforcée par le désir de la plupart des expressions musicales de privilégier des moments de kairos, d’être ensemble à un degré inconnu dans le monde qui nous entoure. Notre addiction à être ensemble nous empêche-t-elle d’entendre les changements lents et non coordonnés du climat de notre planète ? La musique est-elle complice de notre éloignement mental du monde ? Pouvons-nous concevoir des stratégies musicales qui contrent cette tendance profondément enracinée ? L’auteur propose trois perspectives tentatives pour nous sevrer de la dépendance au kairos musical : un timing élastique, une non-unité forcée, et une musique qui dépasse notre attention.
Le Sound Quipu de Brain Forest Quipu : tisser notre conscience sonore
Authors: Gallo Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Cet article relate le processus de création des éléments soniques pour l’installation Brain Forest Quipu de Cecilia Vicuña, une commande du Turbine Hall du Tate Modern en 2022. La célèbre poète et artiste visuelle Cecilia Vicuña a travaillé avec l’auteur sur plusieurs projets et médiums, donnant lieu à cette collaboration, à laquelle plusieurs musiciens, poètes et artistes sonores ont participé. Écouter la vision de l’artiste, l’espace du musée, la crise environnementale et les cultures sous-représentées était essentiel à la création d’un sound quipu, l’installation sonore construite au sein des sculptures monumentales.

Ce récit commence par un appel initial à la co-création pour cette oeuvre dédiée à notre planète, suivi d’un bref contexte sur le Quipu dans l’oeuvre de Cecilia et sa collaboration avec l’auteur. La vision de l’oeuvre a ensuite été transmise avec une invitation aux artistes participants. La conception de la structure temporelle et physique de l’installation sonore est décrite, ainsi que la nature et la portée des contributions.
Desafios e possibilidades dos cuidadores de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista em um Centro de Reabilitação no Recife: Um estudo qualitativo
Authors: Sette Melissa Barbosa Sobral , Camara Gabriela Pontual Dornellas , Rêgo Sandra Karoline Ximenes de Lira , Kozmhinsky Rafael , Gomes Paulo César dos Santos
Published: February 2025

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é um conjunto de condições neurológicas que afeta o desenvolvimento da comunicação, socialização e comportamento, variando em gravidade e sintomas. Sua etiologia não é definida, mas compreende-se que fatores genéticos e ambientais estejam envolvidos. O estudo visou compreender os desafios enfrentados por famílias de crianças com TEA, analisando o perfil sociodemográfico dos cuidadores, os impactos emocionais, dificuldades no tratamento e a experiência de cuidado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de corte transversal. O período do estudo foi de janeiro a julho de 2024, tendo como população cuidadores de crianças com TEA assistidas por um Centro de Reabilitação do Recife. Utilizou-se do grupo focal e formulário sociodemográfico, seguindo o método de Bardin. A pesquisa seguiu orientação da Resolução 510/2016 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos em um hospital referência, CAAE número 71062823.8.0000.5201. O estudo envolveu 6 participantes, com ensino fundamental completo, renda de 1 salário-mínimo, todos com filhos que têm o diagnóstico de TEA e comorbidades. A análise dos dados se dividiu em quatro categorias temáticas, a saber, 1) Impactos do diagnóstico de TEA e suas comorbidades; 2) Estigmas e mudanças nas dinâmicas familiares; 3) Vida social, lazer e autocuidado; 4) Estratégias de enfrentamento. O presente estudo virá o melhor entendimento do cenário atual vivido por cuidadores de crianças com TEA, suas dificuldades e estratégias de enfrentamento ao tratamento disponível.
Perfil Comportamental E Psicossocial De Crianças Com Fissuras Orofaciais: Uma Revisão De Escopo
Authors: Darc Oliveira Mendonça Joana , Pinto Ribeiro Cruz Barbosa Isabella , Nelson Fernandes Barbosa Leopoldo , César dos Santos Gomes Paulo , Lira Travassos Letícia
Published: February 2025

As fissuras craniofaciais figuram entre as anomalias congênitas mais prevalentes, englobando fissura labial (FL), fissura palatina (FP) e fissura labial e palatina (FLP). Essas malformações impõem uma vulnerabilidade sociocognitiva significativa, dificultando o ajuste psicossocial ao longo do desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em investigar as alterações comportamentais e os aspectos psicossociais em crianças com fissuras orofaciais, por meio de uma scoping review, em conformidade com o protocolo PRISMA-ScR e as diretrizes do Joanna Briggs Institute. A pesquisa foi conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed/Medline, utilizando os descritores: (Cleft Lip) (Behavioral Symptoms) e o operador booleano “AND”. Foram identificadas 173 publicações, das quais 10 estudos satisfizeram os critérios de elegibilidade estabelecidos pela pergunta de pesquisa formulada com o acrônimo PCC (população, conceito/fenômeno de interesse, contexto). Os achados indicam que crianças com FLP apresentam uma predisposição acentuada a alterações psiquiátricas, incluindo hiperatividade, dificuldades emocionais e problemas de relacionamento, além de comportamentos pró-sociais reduzidos e comportamentos agressivos. O desempenho cognitivo-linguístico é impactado por alterações no desenvolvimento da fala e da linguagem, dificultando a comunicação e a socialização. Ademais, o estresse parental ao receber o diagnóstico de fissura pode comprometer a adaptação psicossocial das crianças. Portanto, intervenções abrangentes se fazem necessárias para abordar os desafios sociais e psiquiátricos, bem como as dificuldades cognitivas. É imperativo realizar uma avaliação minuciosa para evitar diagnósticos incorretos e assegurar o suporte adequado às necessidades de cada criança. Contudo, há uma necessidade premente de mais pesquisas observacionais nesta área, uma vez que os estudos existentes apresentam limitações em termos de evidências.
Uso de Neurofeedback em pacientes com Transtornos do Espectro Austista (TEA): Uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Darc Oliveira de Mendonça Joana , Thallyta dos Santos Giselly , Lira Travassos Letícia
Published: February 2025

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma psicopatologia caracterizada por uma gama de sintomas que variam em intensidade, levando a desafios significativos na comunicação social, bem como a comportamentos sensório-motores que são restritos, repetitivos ou não convencionais, independentemente do contexto de vida do indivíduo afetado. Uma opção terapêutica emergente para o TEA é o neurofeedback, que utiliza o monitoramento das ondas cerebrais para reeducar e regular o funcionamento cerebral por meio de estímulos conscientes direcionados a áreas específicas. Este trabalho realiza uma revisão integrativa do uso do neurofeedback como uma estratégia complementar no tratamento do TEA, fundamentando-se em estudos observacionais e ensaios clínicos controlados. A pesquisa foi realizada em bases de dados como PubMed, Medline e Lilacs, resultando em sete artigos publicados entre 2018 e novembro de 2022. Os resultados indicam que o neurofeedback apresenta resultados promissores em relação aos sintomas típicos do TEA, melhorando habilidades sociais, cognitivas e emocionais, além de reduzir a impulsividade e aprimorar o sistema de recompensas e a tomada de decisão. Indivíduos com TEA frequentemente apresentam déficits em áreas específicas do funcionamento cerebral, o que resulta em sintomas indesejáveis. O neurofeedback tem o potencial de recondicionar o cérebro, restaurando conexões neurais nas áreas afetadas, o que pode levar à melhora dos sintomas e das habilidades. Estudos recentes apontam efeitos benéficos do neurofeedback no manejo dos sintomas típicos do Transtorno do Espectro Autista em diversos contextos, destacando-o como uma abordagem promissora. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos para fornecer dados precisos a longo prazo e resultados mais robustos sobre seus benefícios e limitações.
Shaping knowledge through exhibitions: curating in Art, Science, and Technology Studies
Authors: Rogers Hannah Star
Published: February 2025

Multidisciplinary exhibitions are all around us: in science centres, technology museums, contemporary art galleries, national museums and natural history museums. Many of these installations rise to meet concurrent issues like climate change, human migrations and pandemics, which are broadly recognized to require many-faceted approaches. Others are multidisciplinary by method or intention as older collections are reapproached, reorganized and recombined on gallery floors to produce new meanings from already-collected objects (Greenhill 1992; Graham & Cook 2015). Some observers will contend that this multidisciplinarity is a fashion created to help publics cross between institutions to build larger audiences; others will suggest that it is a return to the knowledge for publics that collections which became public museums were designed to foster so that it is more a return to institutional roots than a fashionable departure from disciplinarity (Ferguson 1996; Balzar 2014; Bismark 2022). What is it that STS offers curators, and what knowledge is produced by them, materially and rhetorically, in formulating arguments using materials to show the public’s interdisciplinary connections?
Apakah Work-Life Balance dan Komitmen Afektif Memediasi Praktik Sumber Daya Manusia terhadap Kinerja UMK?
Authors:   Departemen Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Desiana Putri Mega , Cindi Ramitha Janira ,   Departemen Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) have an integral role in Indonesian society's growth and development, especially in the economic sector. This study aims to determine the mediating role of work-life balance and affective commitment to human resource practices and its impact on the performance of MSEs. Similar to large organizations, small organizations also implement HR practices, although they are still very simple, affecting the organization's performance. So far, work-life balance and affective commitment have been widely studied in large organizations and are considered essential in improving organizational performance. However, the role of work-life balance in improving small businesses' performance has not been widely studied. This study was conducted with a total of 134 respondents from MSEs in Jabodetabek. The analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling. Some interesting findings were found, the work-life balance, which usually has a positive effect turns out to have a negative and significant effect on the performance of MSEs. The reason is presumably because MSEs owners must do constant monitoring to continue smooth operational activities and increase organizational performance; hence the time spent in the workplace was increased.
Peran Mediasi LMX terhadap Pengaruh Organizational Climate dan Trust terhadap Knowledge Sharing dalam Pengembangan Kompetensi Teknis
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Marhaeni Karantina , Ardiyanti Niken ,   Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of organizational climate, trust and leader-member exchange (LMX) on knowledge sharing, as well as the mediating role of LMX on the impact of organizational climate and trust on knowledge sharing. The research was conducted on operators and technicians as participants in the accelerated competency development program in an oil and gas refinery business. This research was an applied analytical research using an empirical approach with a mixed – method data collection technique between quantitative using a questionnaire and qualitative using an open questionnaire. Data were collected from 419 respondents or represent about ten percent of the randomly selected population. Meanwhile, open questionnaires were distributed to program managers and users. Data was analysed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings showed that Fairness and Cognitive Trust had significant effect on knowledge sharing. Meanwhile Affiliation and CognitiveTrust did not fully had significant effect on knowledge sharing. LMX had significant influence on knowledge sharing directly, but MLX did not fully mediate the influence of organizational climate and trust on knowledge sharing. It is expected that this research could be referred by management and HR practitioners in managing knowledge, especially in the process of developing technical competencies especially in the field of oil and gas refinery business.
Pengaruh Pengembangan Talenta terhadap Kepuasan Kerja, Kinerja Tugas, dan Komitmen Afektif dengan Mediasi oleh Keadilan Distributif dan Moderasi Keadilan Prosedural
Authors:   Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Manajeman, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Fauziah Ika Mulatsih , Rachmawati Riani ,   Program Pascasarjana Ilmu Manajeman, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia,
Published: February 2025

The challenges of the Indonesian economy are currently increasingly complex, so the role of the financial industry regulator is very important because the policies taken have an effect to all people and the credibility of the government. In carrying out this role, competent employees are needed so it must be ensured that employee development through talent development is carried out with good planning and strategy. The application of talent development and perceptions of employee fairness can affect job satisfaction, task performance, and affective commitment. This research purposes to determine the impact of talent development implementation on job satisfaction, task performance, and employee affective commitment with distributive justice as a mediator and procedural justice as a moderator in the Indonesian Financial Industry Regulatory Institution (LARIK) with structural equa- tion modeling. The research data were obtained from 464 LARIK employees using an online ques- tionnaire. Research has found that talent development has a positive effect on job satisfaction, task performance, and affective commitment. Research also reveals that distributive justice mediates this partial effect. Another result is procedural justice moderating the relationship of distributive justice to job satisfaction, task performance, and affective commitment. Next, the managerial and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Pengaruh Kinerja dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Stock Return pada Perusahaan Sektor Energi dan Pertambangan Periode 2012-2019
Authors:   Magister Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Habeahan Edwin , Gandakusuma Imo ,   Magister Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

With the increasing awareness of the importance of investment in Indonesian society, particularly in recent years, the number of investors investing in the Indonesian stock market has grown rapidly. This study aims to test whether there is an influence between company performance and company size on stock returns. This research is also to provide a financial assessment to attract investors to develop business in Indonesia, especially in the mining and energy sectors. The sample used is companies en- gaged in the mining and energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2012 to 2019 with a sample size of 39 companies. In addition, according to previous research conducted in several other countries, stock returns can be influenced by various factors such as company profitability, company size, risk, dividends, interest rates, supply, demand, inflation, government policies, and the economic situation. From the results of this study, it was found that not all of the tested financial factors had an effect on stock returns, in development classification companies that had a significant effect on stock returns only Earning per Share (EPS) and Market to Book Value Ratio, while other ratios did not significantly affect stock return with a significant level of α = 5%.
Pengaruh Ethical Leadership Terhadap Affective Commitment Dan Job Satisfaction yang Dimediasi Oleh Psychological Empowerment
Authors:   Program Ekstensi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia, Inesia Dwi , Ardiyanti Niken ,   Program Ekstensi, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

This study discusses the effect of Ethical Leadership on Affective commitment and Job Satisfaction which’s mediated by Psychological Empowerment. Respondents of this study were 217 State Civil Servants in the DKI Jakarta area Hypothesis testing using Lisrel’s Structural Equation Model (SEM) 8.5 method. Hypothesis test result show that Ethical Leadership has a direct positive effect, both on Affective Commitment (SLF 0,25 and T-Value 2,53), and on Job Stisfaction (SLF 0,26 and T-Value 2,61). Psychologcal Empowerment partially mediateds the effect between Ethical Leadership and Af- fective Commitment (total effect value 0,8393). Psychologcal Empowerment also partially mediateds the effect between Ethical Leadership and Job Satisfaction (total effect value 0,8742). This shows that Psychological Empowerment in Affective Commitment and Job Satisfaction is vital enough to increase the positive impact on Affective Commitment and Job Satisfaction State Civil Servants in the DKI Jakarta area. Although Ethical Leadership also has direct effect, however, when using indirect effect the result will be stronger.
Assessment of Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Probiotic Food LDB-ST against Paracetamol-induced Liver Damage in Rats
Authors: Stoeva Stanila , Georgieva Marieta , Georgiev Kaloyan , Hvarchanova Nadezhda , Radeva-Ilieva Maya , Tzankova Virginia , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena , Aluani Denitsa , Tzaneva Maria
Published: February 2025

Recently, the probiotics' therapeutic influence on different hepatic disorders has been established. Given the fact that free radicals are involved in the toxic liver injury pathogenesis, it was important to investigate whether the probiotic cocktail LDB-ST could be used as an antioxidant and a hepatoprotective agent.
The antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the probiotic food in question against Paracetamol (PCM) induced liver injury in 24 male Wistar rats (divided into four groups, n=6) were evaluated.
The PCM-treatment (1200 mg/kg b. w., p. o.) resulted in serious hepatotoxic injury and increase in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels. On the other hand, the animals pre-treated with LDB-ST (1600 mg/kg b. w., p. o.) for 60 days prior to PCM-gavaging, showed significant improvement of the biochemical markers. The methodical LDB-ST-treatment also led to maintaining the reduced glutathione level to 71% and also reduced malondialdehyde production by 14%. The conducted histopathological examination reaffirmed the hepatoprotective effect of the probiotic food against PCM-induced liver damage, as there was no fatty degeneration observed and fewer focal necrosis, acidophilic necrosis, and nonspecific granulomas established (vs. PCM-overdosed group).
The oral long-term treatment with LDB-ST resulted in a significant protection against lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in the applied animal model.
Relation between Serotonin in the Central Nervous System, Obesity and Glucose Metabolism Studied with Central Nervous System Serotonin Agonist Ro60-0175 in Obese and Diabetic Wistar Rats
Authors: Bogomilov Ivaylo , Nikolov Rumen , Boyadjieva Nadka
Published: February 2025

Many regulatory pathways for food intake, including those that use serotonin as a neurotransmitter, are affected by obesity or by hypercaloric diets leading to obesity. Summarizing the data known so far, it can be said that reduced serotonergic signalling and low availability of SERT are associated with hyperphagia and obesity. Because of these facts, it is important to know how serotonin mediation in the brain works and how it affects eating behaviour and glucose metabolism. Ro60-0175 is a selective serotonin agonist in the central nervous system that we use in our study. Forty Wistar rats were separated into two groups – rats with obesity and diabetes and healthy rats (control group). Each of these groups was separated into other two – one with a daily intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of Ro60-0175 (3 mg/kg) and one without. For four weeks, we were tracking blood glucose levels, insulin secretion and rats' weight. It was shown that after the application of Ro60-0175, the weight of the rats in the diabetic and obese group decreased by 5.5% (p<0.05), and by 2.56% in the control group, and there was no significant change in the groups without daily intraperitoneal injection of Ro60-0175. In the diabetic and obese rats group in which Ro60-0175 was applied, we registered a reduction of hyperglycemia by 35.4% (p<0.05) comparing the results before the start of using Ro60-0175, which is greater in the rats which lost more body weight. The research also shows decreasing of insulin resistance by 42.1% (p<0.01) in diabetic and obese rats group using Ro60-0175. Using Ro60-0175 for treatment of obesity and obesity-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats, leads to significant reduction of body weight and hyperglycemia and peripheral insulin resistance.
Analysis of the Prognostic Role of the Number of Cancer Foci in Bulgarian Patients with Multiple Breast Cancer
Authors: Sedloev Theophil , Usheva Slavyana
Published: February 2025

Ipsilateral synchronous primary multiple breast cancer (MBC) is a relatively unknown subject compared to unifocal breast cancer (UBC) and includes the group of multifocal (MFBCs) and multicentric BC (MCBC). The aim of our research is to evaluate the prognostic value of the number of cancer lesions for overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LFS) in Bulgarian patients with MBC and UBC. A retrospective study was conducted over 685 Bulgarian women with BC, diagnosed and treated for a period of ten years (March 2009 – March 2019) at the Department of Surgery, University Hospital “Tsaritsa Yoanna – ISUL”, Medical University of Sofia. The results from dividing the patients into two main groups according to the number of primary lesions showed that cases diagnosed with UBC were 513 (74.9%) and the ones with MBC – 172 (25.1%). The largest subgroup included females with 2 to 3 tumours (n=134, 78%), followed by cases with 4 to 6 lesions (n=35, 20.3%) and women with 6 to 8 foci (n=3, 1.7%). The statistical analysis of OS showed significant difference between the two main groups UBC and MBC, p=0.003. When comparing the subgroups of patients with MBC according to the absolute number of multiple foci we also established differences in OS even though with no significant value, p=0.570. Statistical analysis of LFS among patients with different number of synchronous cancer foci reports significant difference – p=0.041. MBC unites various lesions with different clinical manifestation, histopathological characteristics and more aggressive prognosis in comparison with UBC.
Evaluation of Buffalo Farms in Terms of Biosecurity and Animal Welfare
Authors: Çat Hatice , Ermetin Orhan
Published: February 2025

This study was carried out in Yozgat province, with 728 female buffalos on 71 farms, to reveal the current status of buffalo farms in terms of biosecurity and animal welfare through face-to-face surveys, observations, and measurements. In the study, a protocol developed by the ANI (Animal Needs Index) 35L and Welfare Quality™ protocol system used in cattle was applied to evaluate the conformity of the structures and equipment of buffalo farms to animal welfare criteria, and female animals in the farms were scored individually. In barn cleaning, it was observed that 18.3% were dirty, 69% were moderately clean, and 12.6% were clean. Similar rates were also seen in cleaning the floor, feeding area, water drinking area, lying area, milking area, and equipment used. In the study, while the rates of animals with dirty udder, dirty hind leg, and dirty hind part were calculated as 47.66%, 48.94%, and 51.03% in farms with 5–10 animals, these rates were calculated as 50.07%, 51.53% and 52.01%, in farms with 11–20 animals, and 37.52%, 43.83% and 43.24% in farms with more than 21 animals. As a result, in buffalo farms in Yozgat province, generally appropriate welfare conditions are not provided according to ANI (Animal Needs Index) 35L and the Welfare Quality™ welfare measurement method. The reasons for this can be listed as lack of education, small, closed, and tied structures of farms, farming methods carried out together with cattle farming, and insufficient importance given to buffalos' feeding and care conditions.
Calibrations Using Near-infrared Spectroscopy to Determine the Nutritional Content and Chemical Composition of Hay and Silage of Pearl Millet
Authors: Oluk Aylin , Yucel Celal , Cakır Bulent , Ergul Atalay
Published: February 2025

Forages display essentially identical fodder; but ensiling procedures may alter the spectra of forages. The aim of this study was to predict the forage properties of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) and monitor the performance of pearl millet silage calibration models. Crude protein, crude ash, NDF, ADF, and ADL were all examined in the samples using NIR spectroscopy. High accuracy was demonstrated by the relative prediction determinant for validation of the NDF and ADF contents of pearl millet forages and silages. The equations predicted with a comparatively high degree of accuracy for protein, ash, and ADL. Even though the protein, ash, and ADL equations were utilized for screening, the relative prognostic prediction rates for calibration demonstrate that the NDF and ADF equations were suitable for the quantitative prediction of pearl millet silage fodder quality. The calibrations for pearl millet silage protein, ash, NDF, ADF and ADL resulted in $$R^2_C$$ between 0.853 and 0.997; SECV of 0.544, 0.474, 0.673, 0.728, and 0.385, respectively. We confirm the potential of NIRS to predict pearl millet and silage chemical composition. Future steps include determining the effect of pearl millet forage and silage on growth performance, digestibility potential, and feed potential in cattle.
Linalool’s Multifaceted Antimicrobial Potential: Unveiling its Antimicrobial Efficacy and Immunomodulatory Role Against Saprolegnia parasitica
Authors: Tang Tao , Zhong Weiming , Tang Puyu , Dai Rongsi , Guo Jiajing , Gao Zhipeng
Published: February 2025

Saprolegnia parasitica
(
S
.
parasitica
) is one of the most virulent oomycete species in freshwater aquatic environments, causing severe saprolegniasis and leading to significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Thus far, the prevention and control of saprolegniasis face a shortage of medications. Linalool, a natural antibiotic alternative found in various essential oils, exhibits promising antimicrobial activity against a wide range of pathogens. In this study, the specific role of linalool in protecting
S
.
parasitica
infection at both
in vitro
and
in vivo
levels was investigated. Linalool showed multifaceted anti-oomycetes potential by both of antimicrobial efficacy and immunomodulatory efficacy. For
in vitro
test, linalool exhibited strong anti-oomycetes activity and mode of action included: (1) Linalool disrupted the cell membrane of the mycelium, causing the intracellular components leak out; (2) Linalool prohibited ribosome function, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and ultimately affecting mycelium growth. Surprisingly, meanwhile we found the potential immune protective mechanism of linalool in the
in vivo
test: (1) Linalool enhanced the complement and coagulation system which in turn activated host immune defense and lysate
S
.
parasitica
cells; (2) Linalool promoted wound healing, tissue repair, and phagocytosis to cope with
S
.
parasitica
infection; (3) Linalool positively modulated the immune response by increasing the abundance of beneficial Actinobacteriota; (4) Linalool stimulated the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to lyse
S
.
parasitica
cells. In all, our findings showed that linalool possessed multifaceted anti-oomycetes potential which would be a promising natural antibiotic alternative to cope with
S
.
parasitica
infection in the aquaculture industry.
Dopamine increases protein synthesis in hippocampal neurons enabling dopamine-dependent LTP
Authors: Fuchsberger Tania , Stockwell Imogen , Woods Matty , Brzosko Zuzanna , Greger Ingo H , Paulsen Ole
Published: February 2025

The reward and novelty related neuromodulator dopamine plays an important role in hippocampal long- term memory, which is thought to involve protein synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, the direct effects of dopamine on protein synthesis, and the functional implications of newly synthesized proteins for synaptic plasticity, have not yet been investigated. We have previously reported that timing- dependent synaptic depression (t-LTD) can be converted into potentiation by dopamine application during synaptic stimulation (Brzosko et al., 2015) or postsynaptic burst activation (Fuchsberger et al., 2022). Here we show that dopamine increases protein synthesis in mouse hippocampal CA1 neurons, enabling dopamine-dependent long-term potentiation (DA-LTP), which is mediated via the Ca
2+
-sensitive adenylate cyclase (AC) subtypes 1/8, cAMP, and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). We found that neuronal activity is required for the dopamine-induced increase in protein synthesis. Furthermore, dopamine induced a protein synthesis-dependent increase in the AMPA receptor subunit GluA1, but not GluA2. We found that DA-LTP is absent in GluA1 knock-out mice and that it requires calcium-permeable AMPA receptors. Taken together, our results suggest that dopamine together with neuronal activity controls synthesis of plasticity-related proteins, including GluA1, which enable DA-LTP via a signalling pathway distinct from that of conventional LTP.
Multi-dimensional social relationships shape social attention in monkeys
Authors: Liu Sainan , Huang Jiepin , Chen Suhao , Platt Michael , Yang Yan
Published: February 2025

Social relationships guide individual behavior and ultimately shape the fabric of society. Primates exhibit particularly complex, differentiated, and multidimensional social relationships, which form interwoven social networks, reflecting both individual social tendencies and specific dyadic interactions. How the patterns of behavior that underlie these social relationships emerge from moment-to-moment patterns of social information processing remains unclear. Here, we assess social relationships among a group of four monkeys, focusing on aggression, grooming, and proximity. We show that individual differences in social attention vary with individual differences in patterns of general social tendencies and patterns of individual engagement with specific partners. Oxytocin administration altered social attention and its relationship to both social tendencies and dyadic relationships, particularly grooming and aggression. Our findings link the dynamics of visual information sampling to the dynamics of primate social networks.
Clonal analysis of murine HSC self-renewal and differentiation in native hematopoiesis
Authors: You Chenyu , Zhang Zhen , Lin Li , Sun Jianlong
Published: February 2025

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) maintain lifelong hematopoiesis. However, in current clonal analyses with unbiased “barcoding” approaches, steady-state hematopoietic clones in young and middle-aged adults rarely have detectable HSCs, which precludes comprehensive interrogation of HSC clonal behaviors. In the current study, we used the previously described Sleeping Beauty transposon model to investigate HSC self-renewal and differentiation at a clonal level following a lifelong chase that significantly enriched HSC-derived clones. From seventeen mice, we detected over seventy thousand clones in native hematopoiesis that reflected the known HSC differentiation biases observed in transplantation. Our data indicated an intimate connection between megakaryocytic-restricted differentiation and HSC self-renewal expansion. By comparing the differentiation patterns of clones derived from transplanted HSCs, we further demonstrated the abilities of HSCs to preserve their cell fates towards self-renewal or multilineage differentiation. Unlike HSCs, clonal expansion in multipotent progenitors was associated with either a differentiation-active or differentiation-indolent state. Moreover, the clonal expansion events in the more differentiated stem and progenitor cells, but not the most primitive HSCs, drove clonal expansion in the megakaryocyte and myeloid cell lineages. Our study provided a comprehensive portrait of native hematopoiesis at a clonal level and revealed the general patterns in which HSCs maintained self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation.
Oxidative stress drives potent bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Dillon Nicholas A , Lamont Elise A , Rather Muzafar A , Baughn Anthony D
Published: February 2025

Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a critical component of tuberculosis first-line therapy due to its ability to kill both growing and non-replicating drug-tolerant populations of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
within the host. Recent evidence indicates that PZA acts through disruption of coenzyme A synthesis under conditions that promote cellular stress. In contrast to its bactericidal action
in vivo
, PZA shows weak bacteriostatic activity against
M. tuberculosis
in axenic culture. While the basis for this striking difference between
in vivo
and
in vitro
PZA activity has yet to be resolved, recent studies have highlighted an important role for cell-mediated immunity in PZA efficacy. These observations suggest that host-derived antimicrobial activity may contribute to the bactericidal action of PZA within the host environment. In this study we show that the active form of PZA, pyrazinoic acid (POA), synergizes with the bactericidal activity of host-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). We determined that POA can promote increased cellular oxidative damage and enhanced killing of
M. tuberculosis
. Further, we find that the thiol oxidant diamide is also able to potentiate PZA activity, implicating thiol oxidation as a key driver of PZA susceptibility. Using a macrophage infection model, we demonstrate the essentiality of interferon-γ induced ROS production for PZA mediated clearance of
M. tuberculosis
. Based on these observations, we propose that the
in vivo
sterilizing activity of PZA can be mediated through its synergistic interaction with the host oxidative burst leading to collateral disruption of coenzyme A metabolism. These findings will enable discovery efforts to identify novel host- and microbe-directed approaches to bolster PZA efficacy.
Control of ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis by antagonistic transcription factors
Authors: Wang Weihua , Xing Junqiao , Zhang Xiqi , Liu Hongni , Liu Xingyu , Jiang Haochen , Xu Cheng , Zhao Xue , Hu Zhangfeng
Published: February 2025

Existence of cilia in the last eukaryotic common ancestor raises a fundamental question in biology: how the transcriptional regulation of ciliogenesis has evolved? One conceptual answer to this question is by an ancient transcription factor regulating ciliary gene expression in both uni- and multicellular organisms, but examples of such transcription factors in eukaryotes are lacking. Previously, we showed that an ancient transcription factor X chromosome-associated protein 5 (Xap5) is required for flagellar assembly in Chlamydomonas. Here, we show that Xap5 and Xap5-like (Xap5l) are two conserved pairs of antagonistic transcription regulators that control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis. Male mice lacking either Xap5 or Xap5l display infertility, as a result of meiotic prophase arrest and sperm flagella malformation, respectively. Mechanistically, Xap5 positively regulates the ciliary gene expression by activating the key regulators including Foxj1 and Rfx families during the early stage of spermatogenesis. In contrast, Xap5l negatively regulates the expression of ciliary genes via repressing these ciliary transcription factors during the spermiogenesis stage. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which temporal and spatial transcription regulators are coordinated to control ciliary transcriptional programs during spermatogenesis.
An Intranet of Things approach for adaptable control of behavioral and navigation-based experiments
Authors: Bowler John C , Zakka George , Yong Hyun Choong , Li Wenke , Rao Bovey , Liao Zhenrui , Priestley James B , Losonczy Attila
Published: February 2025

Investigators conducting behavioral experiments often need precise control over the timing of the delivery of stimuli to subjects and to collect precise times of subsequent behavioral responses. Furthermore, investigators want fine-tuned control over how various multi-modal cues are presented. behaviorMate takes an ‘Intranet of Things’ approach, using a networked system of hardware and software components for achieving these goals. The system outputs a file with integrated timestamp–event pairs that investigators can then format and process using their own analysis pipelines. We present an overview of the electronic components and GUI application that make up behaviorMate as well as mechanical designs for compatible experimental rigs to provide the reader with the ability to set up their own system. A wide variety of paradigms are supported, including goal-oriented learning, random foraging, and context switching. We demonstrate behaviorMate’s utility and reliability with a range of use cases from several published studies and benchmark tests. Finally, we present experimental validation demonstrating different modalities of hippocampal place field studies. Both treadmill with burlap belt and virtual reality with running wheel paradigms were performed to confirm the efficacy and flexibility of the approach. Previous solutions rely on proprietary systems that may have large upfront costs or present frameworks that require customized software to be developed. behaviorMate uses open-source software and a flexible configuration system to mitigate both concerns. behaviorMate has a proven record for head-fixed imaging experiments and could be easily adopted for task control in a variety of experimental situations.
Assessment of urinary oxidative stress biomarkers associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Sabir Shamsa , Hongsibsong Surat , Chuljerm Hataichanok , Parklak Wason , Ounjaijean Sakaewan , Fakfum Puriwat , Kausar Sobia , Kulprachakarn Kanokwan
Published: February 2025

Background

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to increase oxidative stress, impacting health adversely. This study examines the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Methods

A pilot prospective observational study was conducted in Samoeng District, Chiang Mai, including 25 healthy participants (age 25–60 years). Urine samples were collected during high (March–April 2023) and low (May–July 2023) PM2.5 seasons. PM2.5 concentrations were monitored daily from the Northern Thailand Air Quality Health Index (NTAQHI) system. Biomarkers analyzed included 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), malondialdehyde (MDA) via Spectrophotometry, and 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0.

Results

Significant increases in urinary 1-OHP, MDA, and 8-epi-PGF2α were observed during the high PM2.5 season compared to the low season. The mean concentration of PM2.5 was 67 µg/m3 during high pollution and 7 µg/m3 during low pollution. Elevated levels of these biomarkers indicate increased oxidative stress associated with higher PM2.5 exposure.

Conclusions

This study highlights a significant association between elevated PM2.5 levels and increased oxidative stress biomarkers in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The findings suggest that exposure to higher concentrations of PM2.5 contributes to oxidative stress, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.
Optimal input DNA thresholds for genome skimming in marine crustacean zooplankton
Authors: Hirai Junya
Published: February 2025

Crustacean zooplanktons are key secondary and tertiary producers in marine ecosystems, yet their genomic resources remain poorly understood. To advance biodiversity research on crustacean zooplankton, this study evaluated the effectiveness of genome skimming, a method that assembles genetic regions, including mitogenome, from shotgun genome sequencing data. Because the small amount of DNA available is a limitation in zooplankton genetics, different input DNA amounts (1 pg–10 ng) were prepared for library construction for genome skimming using two large species: Euphausia pacifica (Euphausiacea) and Calanus glacialis (Copepoda). Additionally, de novo assembly was used to obtain long contigs from short reads because reference-guided assembly can not be applied to all crustacean zooplankton. Evaluation of the raw sequence reads showed increased proportions of high-quality and distinct reads (low duplication levels) for large DNA inputs. By contrast, low sequence quality and high sequence duplication were observed for ≤ 10 pg DNA samples, owing to increased DNA amplification cycles. Complete mitogenomes, including all 37 genes, were successfully retrieved for ≥ 10 pg (E. pacifica) and ≥ 100 pg (C. glacialis) of DNA. Despite the large estimated genome sizes of these zooplankton species, only ≥ 1 and ≥ 3 M reads were sufficient for mitogenome assembly for E. pacifica and C. glacialis, respectively. Nuclear ribosomal repeats and histone 3 were identified in the assembled contigs. As obtaining sufficient DNA amounts (≥ 100 pg) is feasible even from small crustacean zooplankton, genome skimming is a powerful approach for robust phylogenetics and population genetics in marine zooplankton.
Exploratory analyses of the associations between Ki-67 expression, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer
Authors: Zheng Jianqing , Huang Bifen , Chen Ying , Zeng Bingwei , Xiao Lihua , Wu Min
Published: February 2025

Background

The relationships between Ki-67/MKI67 expression, lymph node metastasis (LNM), vascular invasion (VI), and perineural invasion (PI) in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) remain unclear. This retrospective cohort study was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of Ki-67 expression and its association with LNM in patients with resected ESCC.

Methods

The analysis included 168 patients with ESCC with available Ki-67 protein expression data. The patients were divided into Ki-67 high-expression group (Ki-67 High, 93 cases) and Ki-67 low-expression (Ki-67 Low, 75 cases) groups. Associations between Ki-67 expression and ESCC pathological features was assessed using chi-square test. Overall survival (OS) was compared between the two groups using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

Median follow-up duration was 33.5 months (range 3.0–60.0 months). High Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with poor OS in patients with ESCC compared to that of the low-expression in both univariate (hazard ratios (HR) = 3.42, 95% CI [2.22–5.27], P < 0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR = 1.98, 95% CI [1.33–2.94], P < 0.001). Furthermore, high Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with an increased risk of LNM (χ2 = 11.219, P = 0.011), VI (χ2 = 6.359, P = 0.012), and PI (χ2 = 8.877, P = 0.003).

Conclusions

High Ki-67 protein expression is associated with poor prognosis in ESCC. Increased Ki-67 expression significantly increases the risk of LNM, VI, and PI in ESCC, and thus may serve as an indication for adjuvant therapy in ESCC management.