bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study The Effect of Annealing on Structural and Optical Properties of Indium Selenide (InSe) Thin Films Prepared by Vacuum Thermal Evaporation Technique
Authors: Salman Seham Hassan , Ali Sarmad M. , Ahmed Ghuzlan Sarhan
Published: May 2021

In this work, InSe thin films were deposited on glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique with a deposit rate of (2.5∓0.2) nm/sec. The thickness of the films was around (300∓10) nm, and the thin films were annealed at (100, 200 and 300)°C. The structural, morphology, and optical properties of Indium selenide thin films were studied using X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope and UV–Visible spectrometry respectively. X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the as deposited thin films have amorphous structures. At annealing temperature of 100°C and 200°C, the films show enhanced crystalline nature, but at 300°C the film shows a polycrystalline structure with Rhombohedral phase with crystallites size of 17.459 nm. The results of the UV–Visible spectrometry in the wavelength range (300 – 1100) nm showed that the band gap energy of the thin films increased with increasing annealing temperature.
Theoretical Estimation of Electronic Flow Rate at Al-TiO2 Interfaces System
Authors: Al-agealy Hadi J M , Maadhede Taif Saad Al , Al-Khafaji AbdulKareem A , Aleabi Suad H , Hassooni Mohsin A , Rabeea Rajaa Faisel
Published: May 2021

The mechanism of the electronic flow rate at Al-TiO2 interfaces system has been studied using the postulate of electronic quantum theory. The different structural of two materials lead to suggestion the continuum energy level for Al metal and TiO2 semiconductor. The electronic flow rate at the Al-TiO2 complex has affected by transition energy, coupling strength and contact at the interface of two materials. The flow charge rate at Al-TiO2 is increased by increasing coupling strength and decreasing transition energy.
Calculation of Concentration of Radon Gas in Specimen of Rivers Water samples in Diwaniya-Iraq’By Using CR-39 Track Detector
Authors: Sweaf Abbas A.
Published: May 2021

The concentration of radon gas in a specimen of water of specific areas in “Al - Diwaniya” province was calculated through employing alpha-emitters registrations, which is in’(CR-39)”nuclear track detector. The study focuses in determining the concentration of the gas in tap water specimen provided by the water grid of houses in ‘Al-Diwaniya province. The findings indicate that the radon maximum level in water’ ‘specimen was in (Alshanaafia 5) area assigned to be (0.56 ± 0.30 Bq/L), and the minimum level’ is in’(Afak 5) area around (0.165 ± 0.031Bq/L), in addition, to a rate value of (0.336 ± 0.075 Bq/L). The results also indicate that the radon gas in tap water is less than the acceptable boundary from (ICRP) organization which is (0.5994 Bq/L), but the concentrations of radon exhalation rate (RER) is about’(0.245-0.072 μSv/y) and the rate value is ‘(0.1462 ±1.23 μSv/y).
Study of Optical properties of Polymer PVP thin films grafted by Fluorescence dyes
Authors: Ali Ali S.
Published: May 2021

A polymer of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) with fluorescence dye (Flu) was prepared as thin films by casting method with a ratio of (10%) from added the dye. In this case, the optical properties at a wave number range of (200-900) nm were studied. The Absorption (A), transmission (T) spectra, absorption coefficient (α), direct and indirect transitions for energy gap are represented for optical properties. We have found that the polymeric films of PVP/Flu have indirect transition with phonon energy. The indirect energy gap and phonon energy equal to (1.74) eV and (0.15) eV respectively, and the maximum value for (R, K) at the photon energy is (2.3eV). Also, we see that the real (ε
1) and imaginary (ε
2) parts of the dielectric constant increases with increasing the photon energy.
The effect of heat treatment on structure property of (Bentonite - Alumina - Silica) Ceramic
Authors: Abdullah Athraa Najm , Mahdi Shatha Hashem
Published: May 2021

In this work, a ceramic model has obtained from Iraqi bentonite as a base material with limited additions of alumina and silica. The selected material can bear temperatures higher than the bearing temperature of bentonite as it achieved tolerance temperatures (1300°C) based on X-ray diffraction patterns. It was found that the addition of alumina and silica led to the occurrence of basic phases such as mullite, quartz, cordierite and feldspar in percentages that depended on the percentage of addition in the mixture and the firing temperature, which was (1000-1300)°C.
Weakly Small Smiprime Submodules
Authors: Ramadhan Haider A. , Al Mothafar Nuhad S.
Published: May 2021

Let R be a commutative ring with an identity, and G be a unitary left R-module. A proper submodule H of an R-module G is called semiprime if whenever a ∈ R, y ∈ G, n ∈ Z
+ and any ∈ H, then ay ∈ H. We say that a properi submodule H of an R-module G is a weakly small semiprime, if whenever a ∈ R, y ∈ G, n∈Z
+, (y) is small in G and 0 ≠ any ∈ H, implies ay ∈ H. Many basic properties and characterizations of this type of submodule are given.
New direction of Library Service Innovation Based on mobile Internet
Authors: Li Fengling
Published: May 2021

The main application device of mobile Internet is mobile smart phone. There is no doubt that smart phones have opened a new era for our lives. Electronic reading mode has become the main way for young people to read journals[1]. A lot of electronic reading software has also appeared. In order to effectively improve the national cultural quality, the library service innovation using mobile Internet technology has become a new research direction. Many schools have joined the research. This paper briefly analyzes the characteristics of mobile Internet. This paper puts forward the innovation of mobile Internet and library service. This paper also puts forward the innovative construction of University Library and mobile Internet.
Research on Intelligent Recommendation Model Based on Knowledge Map
Authors: Geng Xiaoli , Deng Tianwen
Published: May 2021

The integration of knowledge mapping tech and recommendation tech helps to better mine the knowledge of user preferences, better coordinate the similarity of recommended products, and enhance the user experience. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the concept and connotation of knowledge map and recommendation system, then studies the understanding tech based on knowledge map, and finally gives the utilization of intelligent recommendation data based on knowledge picture.
Research on Application of Idc Virtualization Security Technology Based on Host Whitelist Protection
Authors: Jiang Jianfeng
Published: May 2021

In recent years, virtualization technology has been widely used in various operators, but in the IDC virtual resource pool exists malicious scanning, DOS attack, SQL injection, virus Trojan, and based on various vulnerabilities of the invasion behavior. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a virtualization security protection software for IDC. Based on the development and utilization of host whitelist active defense technology, this paper firstly briefly explains the significance of IDC virtualization security technology of host whitelist protection, and at the same time discusses the security method, technology, and implementation scheme of IDC virtualization security technology of host whitelist protection, for the reference of readers.
Research on the Application of Computer Big Data in the Development of Iron and Steel E-commerce
Authors: Zhang Tuo
Published: May 2021

Modern society is an information age, so people live under the Internet every day. Whether companies or individuals want to develop, they must rely on various Internet technologies. Internet technology has indeed promoted the development of enterprises. Enterprises can grasp accurate feedback data through information technology. In this way, companies can carry out plans more effectively, but at the same time, it also exposes the company’s data to the risk of being stolen at any time. Therefore, we must consider the security of data before using Internet technology. Based on this feature, many related companies have begun to launch some products to protect data. This gives companies greater protection when using Internet technology. Data information technology also makes the steel industry develop faster. This paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics and conditions of big data applications in the steel industry.
Research on the Application of Computer Technology in Software Technology Talents Training System in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Lv Feng
Published: May 2021

With the advent of the information age, the demand for computer professionals such as network maintenance engineers, security engineers, development and operation engineers has gradually increased, and computer software has become one of the hottest industries at present and in the future. As an important part of the education system, higher vocational colleges are constantly training and transporting computer software technology professionals needed by the society, and exploring the application of efficient talent training mode has become one of the key tasks of higher vocational colleges in the future. While enterprises generally reflect that college graduates can’t meet their own needs, colleges and universities are suffering from being unable to know the real needs of enterprises, and lack of specific training templates and inspection standards, resulting in the disconnection between software talent training and demand. In this paper, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to analyze the established evaluation index system of software technology specialty in higher vocational colleges, and to explore the effective strategies to strengthen the application of efficient talent training mode of software technology specialty in higher vocational colleges.
Research on the Application of Computer Ergonomics in Industrial Product Design
Authors: Fan Xin
Published: May 2021

Computer ergonomics is to design and optimize industrial products according to the structure and skill characteristics of human body, to realize the effective combination of products and human activities in the use process, and to accelerate the effective promotion of product experience and interaction. Based on this, this paper first analyses the standards and principles of industrial product design based on computer ergonomics, and then studies the utilization of computer ergonomics in industrial product design, including the influence of human factors, environment and social factors on industrial product design and specific utilization strategies.
Application of Computer Vision Technology in Agricultural Products and Food Inspection
Authors: Xing Lijie , Wang Yuan , Luo Ruifeng , Zou Liangjun
Published: May 2021

As a non-destructive testing method, computer vision has the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and less sample preparation, and has been widely used in the quality inspection of agricultural products such as size, shape, color, defects and freshness. It has become the development trend of agricultural products and food inspection work to replace manual operation with visual technology. By extracting the size, shape, color, texture and other characteristics of agricultural products and foods, combined with the prediction model, the digital image processing method can realize the non-contact and non-damage treatment of agricultural products and foods. This paper summarizes the application research and development of computer vision technology in agricultural products and food inspection at home and abroad.
Research on Computer Network Distance Teaching and College Physical Education Reform
Authors: Jin Haibo , Li Songhua
Published: May 2021

The way of computer teaching has been gradually popular in many schools. The emergence of online courses in many colleges and universities has formed a trend of normalization. The emergence of online courses can promote the rapid progress of many disciplines. Scholars first found that the traditional concept of physical education is backward. With the progress of network distance teaching technology, many experts put forward the strategy of physical education teaching reform based on network distance teaching [1]. This paper briefly summarizes the concept and characteristics of computer distance education. Finally, this paper puts forward the importance of physical education reform.
Research on the Influence of Computer Information Technology on Rural Preschool Education
Authors: Zhao Qianqian
Published: May 2021

With the continuous deepening of my country’s education reform, the rural preschool education and teaching model is also undergoing tremendous changes. Due to the problem of educational concepts, preschool education in rural areas as a whole is still very backward. In addition, because the current kindergarten information equipment and methods are still relatively backward, teachers and students lack interest in this new teaching method and other reasons [1]. As a result, many schools still use traditional teaching materials as the main method of teaching, and it is one of the feasible and effective programs to optimize this situation by using information technology. With the development of basic education reform in our country, kindergarten teaching also needs continuous innovation and reform, and rural preschool education is the most important, characteristic and competitive curriculum in the early childhood stage. In preschool education, the classroom teaching mode is a combination of “teaching” and “playing” [2]. Among them, gamification, as one of the main methods, can effectively improve students’ interest and enthusiasm in learning. Combine information technology with traditional classrooms, integrate modern science and technology into classrooms, and carry out teaching reforms. Multimedia technology can enrich the content, and information technology can promote the connection between knowledge points, etc. And more and more people pay attention and research. This article mainly analyzes and studies the influence of computer information technology on rural education [3].
Research on the Application of Computer Virtual Simulation Teaching Platform in the Training of Medical Examiners
Authors: Xiao Xinyu , Xiao Zhiyong , Liu Xixia
Published: May 2021

With the rapid development of computer and network technology, and education are also profound changes, medical test of an experimental subject, its theory is based on medical experiments, the experiment is also a medical students learning and deepen to master the important way of medical knowledge, but the world development trend of the animal protection consciousness makes the students experiment animals in less and less, the inevitable need to replace another kind of means, the virtual simulation teaching platform in medical inspection personnel training will play a more and more important role. Based on this, this paper discusses the application of computer virtual simulation teaching platform in medical laboratory personnel training.
RETRACTED: Research on the Cultivation Strategy of College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Based on Big Data Analysis from the Perspective of Economic Transformation
Authors: Hu Qiong
Published: May 2021

With the expansion of social economy, there is an urgent need for innovative talents, especially college students with innovative thinking and innovative consciousness, which is an important intellectual support and source of social progress and economic and industrial transformation and upgrading. However, college students’ innovation and pioneering are faced with many challenges. The integration of big data analysis and innovation and pioneering helps to realize their complementary advantages. Based on this, this paper first analyses the concept and connotation of college students’ innovation and pioneering from the perspective of economic transformation, and then gives the cultivation strategy of college students’ innovation and pioneering based on big data analysis.
Computer Immunology Testing CAI Teaching Software Production and Application
Authors: Wei Qiong , Chen Xinzhi , Xiao Hongxia , Zou Li
Published: May 2021

Immunology is a subject both old and young. It is the most preferred subject of the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine, which shows that it has a lot of interesting basic research problems, but more importantly, immunology is closely related to health. Every specific scientific research mechanism problem can almost be directly related to clinical or industrial application, which shows the position of immunology in medical research. Computer aided instruction is common in the current course teaching, and it is not the least in the immunology examination. Based on these two situations, this paper discusses the making and application of CAI teaching software for immunology examination.
On the Relationship Between Computer and Information Services and the Development of Global Trade
Authors: Gu Yao
Published: May 2021

With the development of society and Internet information, the society has gradually become an information age. In the background of the information age, the correlation and competition between computer information services and international trade have become increasingly prominent. Through the changes of MS index, TC index and CA index, this paper mainly analyzes the connection and competition between computer information services and international trade.
On the Innovation of College English Translation Teaching Model under Multimedia Technology
Authors: Ye Jin
Published: May 2021

Information and network technology have a great impact on the traditional university teaching in our country. With the development of multimedia technology, more and more colleges and universities begin to popularize information teaching. The era of “multimedia+” provides students and teachers with a more adequate communication environment, which greatly broadens the depth and breadth of teaching in colleges and universities, and has important practical significance for the innovation of English translation education in colleges and universities.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Electrical Automation Control
Authors: Yin Pengzhi
Published: May 2021

Like the arrival of the Internet era, the era of artificial intelligence carries new hopes and new challenges, which is irreversible. It is a tool bearing the development of all walks of life. In the future in all industries are indispensable existence [1], will become a part of our side [1]. And the corresponding electrical automation control, it is now closely associated with our life, so can imagine that in the future, this and this will be closely linked, together become an inseparable part of our life.
Research on the Construction of Artificial Intelligence Aesthetic Education Platform Based on Moodle
Authors: Wang Li
Published: May 2021

At present, most schools are short of intelligent teaching platform resources for aesthetic education, which leads to the lack of personality education and emotional education, as well as the poor interaction and experience of emotional communication. Based on this, this paper first analyses the connotation and role of Moodle info platform, then studies the current situation and problems of aesthetic education info teaching, and finally gives the construction strategy of AI aesthetic education platform based on Moodle.
Discuss on the Application of Computer Virtual Reality Technology in College Sports Training
Authors: Han Xiao
Published: May 2021

With the computer technology slowly infiltrated into various industries, sports teaching also began to use the computer virtual reality technology for sports training. Cognition of sports teams to virtual reality training system with the computer software developers and investigate the cooperation between sports teams, and computer virtual reality technology is also being used in training such as diving or trampolining, the application is able to help athletes improve the motion precision, reduce the risk in daily training.
Research on the Application of Network Interaction Design Concept in Industrial Product Design
Authors: Zhou Chao
Published: May 2021

With the popularity of the Internet, people have higher and higher requirements for industrial product (hereinafter referred to as IP), which requires us to continuously enhance the Interaction design (hereinafter referred to as ITD) in industrial product design (hereinafter referred to as IPD). Through ITD, we can improve work efficiency, which will strengthen the connotation of the product and the idea of expression. ITD is one of the earliest methods applied in the field of computer, which will improve the communication between human and computer in vision, hearing, touch and other aspects. However, with the rapid development of computer technology, the concept of ITD has been applied to industrial design, which has become the main method to achieve functional interaction. Through the concept of ITD, we can meet the needs of society, which will improve the interaction between human and industrial design. Interaction is bilateral, which will be affected by both human and industrial design. Therefore, we must strengthen the application of network ITD in IPD. Firstly, this paper analyzes the value of interactive design in industrial design. Then, this paper analyzes the main methods of interactive design in IPD. Finally, an application example in IPD is presented.
Discussion on the Improvement of Online Learning Ability of Higher Vocational College Students by Online Games and the Existing Problems
Authors: Jing Fang , Mingming Teng
Published: May 2021

In order to make students’ online learning ability last, students are required to have positive study habits and autonomous learning ability. With the rapid development of economy and society, the market demands talents not only to master more knowledge, but also to show understanding, application, communication and creativity in the process of rapidly updating practical knowledge. The influence of online games on college students has both positive and negative aspects. College students are the main group keen on online games. This paper analyzes the influence of online games on the improvement of online learning ability of higher vocational college students from both advantages and disadvantages.
Research on the Influence of Computer Technology on Oil Painting Creation in the New Era
Authors: Jia Xiaofei
Published: May 2021

In the context of iterative progress of new tech represented by computer, the aesthetic needs of the public are also in the process of continuous improvement. In this context, oil painting art creation should not only consider the aesthetic needs of the public, but also pay attention to the psychological needs of the public. Based on this, this paper first analyzes the utilization characteristics and value of computer tech in oil painting creation, then studies the utilization skills of computer tech in oil painting creation, and finally gives the influence of computer tech on oil painting creation.
Research and Implementation of Computer Data Security Management System in the New Era
Authors: Lu Peng
Published: May 2021

With the popularity of the Internet, computer technology has been applied to various industries, which also requires us to deal with and manage the daily work of the computer. Therefore, data security has become an important issue, which will directly ensure the safe operation of computer Internet. Therefore, we must continue to strengthen the research of computer data security management system (hereinafter referred to as DSMS), which will better improve the security of computer data. Through the gradual improvement of reliability, data security technology has gradually met people’s basic needs. However, for some special information, we must strengthen the data security management, which will prevent hackers and virus attacks. Through the DSMS, we can effectively prevent the leakage of sensitive data. Therefore, we must realize the effective management of computer data security, which needs to improve the corresponding system. By improving the computer operation ability, we can ensure the safe and reliable operation of the computer, which will bring users a safe and convenient service experience. In the new era, this paper mainly analyzes the key technology of DSMS. Then, this paper puts forward the implementation method.
Application of Computer Technology in Health Management Course
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: May 2021

Health management is a concept that belongs to the category of evolutionary medicine put forward in the last century. It refers to a process of comprehensive management of health risk factors of individuals or people. Its purpose is to mobilize the enthusiasm of individuals and collectives and to effectively use limited resources to achieve maximum health effects. Through health management, we can achieve the purpose of disease prevention, thereby reducing our medical expenditure, but also improve physical fitness. However, health management needs more complex data to carry out statistics and management. It is difficult for human resources to meet the needs of statistics and management quickly and well, so various computer health management software emerges as the times require. Computer technology has been applied to the field of health management to improve the efficiency of health management.
Research on the Role of Virtual Simulation Technology in the Optimization of Equipment and Instruments in Medium Voltage Non-Power Outage Operation
Authors: Luo Jiajian , Sun Dengmin , Lai Shuisheng , Chen Yuqiang , Zhang Kai , Wu Zenglang
Published: May 2021

With the development of The Times, the level of science and technology in China has made new breakthroughs. The development of medium-voltage engineering benefits from the innovation of science and technology, and has developed to a new height. At the same time, the simulation technology of medium-voltage non-power outage equipment engineering has also made new breakthroughs, which is widely concerned by the medium-voltage engineering practitioners. Engineering simulation is the key to the quality of medium-voltage engineering, and the engineering simulation technology of medium-voltage non-power off operation equipment directly affects the quality of engineering simulation. The development and innovation of this technology have become an important way for the development of medium-voltage engineering industry. Therefore, this paper firstly gives a brief overview of the engineering simulation technology of medium-voltage non-power outage operation equipment, which is suitable for the background of The Times, and then conducts in-depth research and analysis on the innovative development and future trend of the engineering simulation technology of medium-voltage non-power outage operation equipment, hoping to bring positive influence to the development of medium-voltage engineering industry.
RETRACTED: Research on Landscape Design System Based on Virtual Reality Technology and Multimedia Technology
Authors: Li Juan
Published: May 2021

With the gradual progress of urbanization, people gradually realize the importance of urban landscape. Landscape design is a design form of appearance art. People can use this art form to improve the scenery of many cities. It can also promote the progress of urban environment. Many experts believe that the combination of virtual reality technology and multimedia technology can effectively improve the beauty of the system outline of landscape design[1]. Moreover, the application of virtual reality technology can effectively help the landscape design. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of virtual reality technology. At last, this paper puts forward its application in landscape design.
Construction and Application of Computer Virtual Simulation Teaching Platform for Medical Testing
Authors: Xiao Xinyu , Liu Xixia , Xiao Zhiyong
Published: May 2021

At present, virtual simulation experimental teaching has become the mainstream experimental teaching method in colleges and universities. Compared with the traditional classroom experiments, virtual simulation experiment teaching is not limited by time and space, and there is no need to worry about the risk of experiment. Students only need to wear VR devices through computers or mobile phones to enter the virtual simulation lab for experiments. The realism and interactivity of virtual simulation technology allows students to immerse themselves in it. Based on this situation, this paper discusses the construction and application of medical laboratory computer virtual simulation training teaching platform
Research on Labor Education Reform Relying on Computer
Authors: Li Yang , Lv Guofu , Zhang Haiyu
Published: May 2021

With the development of science and technology, our education has begun to enhance the quality of teaching continuously, which combines new network technologies. After the new curriculum reform, our education pay more attention to the reform and innovation of labor education. It also combine modern technology to continuously improve the effectiveness of labor teaching. After combining modern science and technology, labor teaching makes the labor courses more perfect in theory and practice. According to the current trend of student growth and social development in our country. If we want education reform to satisfy the teaching needs, we must continue to combine the current Internet technology to improve the development of teaching.
Construction of Student Personal Information Management System Relying on Computer
Authors: Chu Yichen
Published: May 2021

With the development of computer technology, the application of computer software technology is very extensive. Software systems has also improved the development of all walks of life rapidly. The emergence of software systems has greatly improved the management of schools and students. This paper mainly analyzes and summarizes the significance and the main design of the student information management system.
An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of multimedia application in English translation
Authors: Ye Jin
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the effects of four different translation forms, namely Chinese, English, Chinese + picture and English + picture, on incidental vocabulary learning of Chinese students in a multimedia environment. The results showed that, except for the fill-in-the-blank task, Chinese translation promoted incidental vocabulary learning more than English translation. Combined translation of words and pictures is more conducive to incidental lexical learning than text-only translation. Among the four kinds of translation, the combination of Chinese and picture translation is the most effective for incidental vocabulary learning. The results of incidental vocabulary learning and word memory retention of learners with higher English proficiency are significantly better than those with lower English proficiency.
Outlook of Cloud Computing in Electric Automation Control System
Authors: Xu Shun
Published: May 2021

Cloud computing technology is developing rapidly, its application in the electrical industry has become more and more extensive. Using cloud computing technology in the electrical automation control system can improve the management and automation performance of the system. This not only improves the energy utilization rate, but also makes the automation system safer and more reliable.
EIoU: An Improved Vehicle Detection Algorithm Based on VehicleNet Neural Network
Authors: Yang Zuomin , Wang Xianlun , Li Jianguang
Published: May 2021

The paper’s primary purpose is to optimize the performance (speed/accuracy) of vehicle detection. The vehicle dataset Vehicle2020 used in this paper is divided into ten different vehicle classes. Intersection over Union (IoU) is usually used as a standard to evaluate the accuracy of vehicle detection in a specific dataset. However, IoU as a performance of the object detection algorithm is still shortcomings. IoU is further improved and called a new algorithm EIoU. Finally, the neural network structure was redesigned, which was called VehicleNet. The experimental results show that EIoU as a performance evaluation algorithm used the vehicle detection framework can improve the performance of vehicle detection. Using the algorithm of this paper shows the performance superiority of vehicle detection.
1D Segmentation Network for 3D Seam Weld Grinding
Authors: Dong Chunyu , Shi Tiankai , Zhao Qunfei , Huang Xiaolin , Liu Chao
Published: May 2021

With the development of deep learning, convolutional neural networks provide new solutions for obstacles in the industry. For seam weld grinding, traditional algorithms are neither convenient nor efficient. Meanwhile, previous methods are not robust for various shapes of the weld seam. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based 1D convolutional neural network for 3D weld seam grinding. We test different loss functions for the 1D segmentation network and picked the best one for model training. Besides, we design various feature extracting blocks and make extensive experiments on the cloud point data set of the weld seam. The best combination of the loss function and feature extractor is generated for weld seam prediction. With the open operation on the 3D map and the elimination of abnormal points, we obtain a robust prediction grinding trail for the robot controller.
Relative Position and Attitude Estimation of Non-cooperative Spacecraft Based on Stereo Camera and Dynamics
Authors: Jixiu Liu , Quan Ye , Leizheng Shu , Yang Gao
Published: May 2021

The relative position and attitude estimation of non-cooperative spacecraft is essential to high-precision guidance, navigation, and control systems. This paper mainly proposes a method to measure the relative position, velocity and attitude of non-cooperative spacecrafts using stereo camera and dynamics. First, using stereo camera observe the spacecraft, and extract the feature points of images. Then, calculate the 3D position of the feature points, and match the relationship between the feature points to obtain geometric constraint information between frames. Based on this, the relative position, velocity, attitude and angular velocity of the target spacecraft are calculated. According to relative orbit dynamics and relative attitude dynamics model, design extended Kalman filter to update the measurement results. The simulation results show that the estimation accuracy is better than 0.01m, the relative velocity accuracy is better than 0.001m/s, and the relative attitude accuracy is better than 0.01°. This method can provide technical support for the relative navigation of non-cooperative spacecraft.
Research on Compression Method of Aero Turbofan Engine Starting Real-time Data
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Ze , Xu Haiyang , Liu Guangming
Published: May 2021

The aero turbofan engine starting controller is responsible for starting aero turbofan engine, and records the real-time data of the whole starting process while ensuring the aero turbofan engine working reliably, which is great significant for evaluating the aero turbofan engine working condition and fault detection, and the improved EFDR-LZW is proposed to save the problem. Firstly, evaluate the aero turbofan engine starting probability based on AHP to solve the problem of lacking long-time aero turbofan engine starting data and evaluate aero turbofan engine working properly for multiple experts based on GCA. Secondly, rearrange the signal position and order based on sample data for EFDR and compresses the coded date of EFDR based on LZW again to increase compression ratio. Finally, test the performance under abnormal room, high and low temperature and the result proves aero turbofan engine starting controller working reliably.
Volatile profiling of fruits of 17 mango cultivars by HS-SPME-GC/MS combined with principal component analysis
Authors: Shimizu Kosuke , Matsukawa Tetsuya , Kanematsu Risa , Itoh Kimihisa , Kanzaki Shinya , Shigeoka Shigeru , Kajiyama Shin'ichiro
Published: May 2021

Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry is one of the strongest tools for comprehensive analysis of volatile compounds and has been used to analyze aromatic components of mango and investigate its varietal characteristics. In this study, profiling of aroma compounds in 17 mango cultivars, grown in the same green house to exclude the effect of environmental factors, was conducted and the patterns were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the relationship between the aroma components and cultivars. Fifty-nine different volatile constituents were detected from the blends of these 17 mango cultivars. The cultivars were divided into 4 clusters using PCA based on the volatile components determined in the study. Aiko was found to mainly contain δ-3-carene and showed a composition more similar to its pollen parent, Irwin, than to its seed parent, Chiin Hwang No. 1.
Identification of biosynthetic intermediates for the mating hormone α2 of the plant pathogen Phytophthora
Authors: Ariyoshi Suguru , Imazu Yusuke , Ohguri Ryuji , Katsuta Ryo , Yajima Arata , Shibata Takahiro , Ojika Makoto
Published: May 2021

The heterothallic group of the plant pathogen Phytophthora can sexually reproduce between the cross-compatible mating types A1 and A2. The mating hormone α2, produced by A2 mating type and utilized to promote the sexual reproduction of the partner A1 type, is known to be biosynthesized from phytol. In this study, we identified 2 biosynthetic intermediates, 11- and 16-hydroxyphytols (1 and 2), for α2 by administering the synthetic intermediates to an A2-type strain to produce α2 and by administering phytol to A2 strains to detect the intermediates in the mycelia. The results suggest that α2 is biosynthesized by possibly 2 cytochrome P450 oxygenases via 2 hydroxyphytol intermediates (1 and 2) in A2 hyphae and secreted outside.
Olfactory cues of large carnivores modify red deer behavior and browsing intensity
Authors: van Beeck Calkoen Suzanne T S , Kreikenbohm Rebekka , Kuijper Dries P J , Heurich Marco
Published: May 2021

This study examined the effect of perceived predation risk imposed by lynx (Lynx lynx) and wolf (Canis lupus) on red deer (Cervus elaphus) foraging behavior under experimental conditions. We hypothesized that in response to large carnivore scent red deer would increase their vigilance, although reducing the frequency and duration of visits to foraging sites. Consequently, browsing intensity on tree saplings was expected to decrease, whereas a higher proportion of more preferred species was expected to be browsed to compensate for higher foraging costs. We expected stronger responses towards the ambush predator lynx, compared with the cursorial predator wolf. These hypotheses were tested in a cafeteria experiment conducted within three red deer enclosures, each containing four experimental plots with olfactory cues of wolf, lynx, cow, and water as control. On each plot, a camera trap was placed and browsing intensity was measured for one consecutive week, repeated three times. Red deer reduced their visitation duration and browsing intensity on plots with large carnivore scent. Despite red deer showing a clear preference for certain tree species, the presence of large carnivore scent did not change selectivity towards different tree species. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found more pronounced effects of wolf (cursorial) compared with lynx (ambush). This study is the first to experimentally assess the perceived risk effects on the red deer foraging behavior of large carnivores differing in hunting modes. Our findings provide insights into the role of olfactory cues in predator–prey interactions and how they can modify fine-scale herbivore–plant interactions.
A comprehensive comparative assessment of 3D molecular similarity tools in ligand-based virtual screening
Authors: Jiang Zhenla , Xu Jianrong , Yan Aixia , Wang Ling
Published: May 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) molecular similarity, one major ligand-based virtual screening (VS) method, has been widely used in the drug discovery process. A variety of 3D molecular similarity tools have been developed in recent decades. In this study, we assessed a panel of 15 3D molecular similarity programs against the DUD-E and LIT-PCBA datasets, including commercial ROCS and Phase, in terms of screening power and scaffold-hopping power. The results revealed that (1) SHAFTS, LS-align, Phase Shape_Pharm and LIGSIFT showed the best VS capability in terms of screening power. Some 3D similarity tools available to academia can yield relatively better VS performance than commercial ROCS and Phase software. (2) Current 3D similarity VS tools exhibit a considerable ability to capture actives with new chemotypes in terms of scaffold hopping. (3) Multiple conformers relative to single conformations will generally improve VS performance for most 3D similarity tools, with marginal improvement observed in area under the receiving operator characteristic curve values, enrichment factor in the top 1% and hit rate in the top 1% values showed larger improvement. Moreover, redundancy and complementarity analyses of hit lists from different query seeds and different 3D similarity VS tools showed that the combination of different query seeds and/or different 3D similarity tools in VS campaigns retrieved more (and more diverse) active molecules. These findings provide useful information for guiding choices of the optimal 3D molecular similarity tools for VS practices and designing possible combination strategies to discover more diverse active compounds.
NAD+ deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction in granulosa cells of women with polycystic ovary syndrome‡
Authors: Wang Yujiao , Yang Qingling , Wang Huan , Zhu Jing , Cong Luping , Li Hui , Sun Yingpu
Published: May 2021

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by ovulation dysfunction, androgen excess, ovarian polycystic changes, insulin resistance, and infertility. Although underlying mechanisms for PCOS are still unknown, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in granulosa cells (GCs) of PCOS patients have been reported. Here, we found that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) levels in GCs of PCOS patients was significantly decreased when compared with controls. Also, we found that higher expression of inflammation factors, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in GCs of PCOS patients. In addition, the NAD+ levels were decreased after activation of inflammation in human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) treated by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, supplementation of nicotinamide riboside (NR), a NAD+ precursor, could largely restore the NAD+ content, reduce ROS levels and improve mitochondrial function demonstrated by increased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP generation in LPS-treated KGN cells. Our data suggested that inflammation decreased NAD+ levels in GCs of PCOS patients, while supplementation of NR could restore NAD+ levels and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in GCs of PCOS patients.
Variation in the natural frequency of stamens in six morphologically diverse, buzz-pollinated, heterantherousSolanumtaxa and its relationship to bee vibrations
Authors: Nunes Carlos Eduardo Pereira , Nevard Lucy , Montealegre-Z Fernando , Vallejo-Marín Mario
Published: May 2021

During buzz pollination, bees use vibrations to remove pollen from flowers. Vibrations at the natural frequency of pollen-carrying stamens are amplified through resonance, resulting in higher amplitude vibrations. Because pollen release depends on vibration amplitude, bees could increase pollen removal by vibrating at the natural frequency of stamens. However, few studies have characterized the natural frequencies of stamens and compared them to the frequencies of buzz-pollinating bees. We use laser Doppler vibrometry to characterize natural frequencies of stamens of six morphologically diverse, buzz-pollinated, heterantherous Solanum taxa and compare the frequency of bumblebee buzzes produced on two Solanum spp. with different natural frequencies. We found that stamen morphology and plant identity explain variation in their natural frequency. The natural frequencies of the stamens in the studied Solanum taxa fell between 45 and 295 Hz; in five out of six taxa the frequencies were < 190 Hz, which only partly overlaps floral vibrations of buzz-pollinating bees. We show that captive bumblebees produce vibrations at a frequency of 345 Hz and do not change their floral vibrations to match the natural frequency of the visited flowers. Our results suggest that pollen release induced by vibrating stamens at their natural frequencies might only play a role in a subset of buzz pollination interactions.
Gut microbiome alpha-diversity is not a marker of Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Plassais Jonathan , Gbikpi-Benissan Guillaume , Figarol Marine , Scheperjans Filip , Gorochov Guy , Derkinderen Pascal , Cervino Alessandra C L
Published: May 2021

The gut–brain axis may play a central role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. Dozens of case–control studies have been carried out to identify bacterial markers by the use of targeted metagenomics. Alterations of several taxonomic profiles have been confirmed across several populations, however, no consensus has been made regarding alpha-diversity. A recent publication has described and validated a novel method based on richness and evenness measures of the gut microbiome in order to reduce the complexity and multiplicity of alpha-diversity indices. We used these recently described richness and evenness composite measures to investigate the potential link between gut microbiome alpha-diversity and neurological disorders and to determine to what extent it could be used as a marker to diagnose neurological disorders from stool samples. We performed an exhaustive review of the literature to identify original published clinical studies including 16S rRNA gene sequencing on Parkinson’s disease, multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Richness and evenness factors loadings were quantified from sequencing files in addition with the Shannon diversity index. For each disease, we performed a meta-analysis comparing the indices between patients and healthy controls. Seven studies were meta-analysed for Parkinson’s disease, corresponding to 1067 subjects (631 Parkinson’s Disease/436 healthy controls). Five studies were meta-analysed for multiple sclerosis, corresponding to 303 subjects (164 Multiple Sclerosis/139 healthy controls). For Alzheimer’s disease, the meta-analysis was not done as only two studies matched our criteria. Neither richness nor evenness was significantly altered in Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis patients in comparison to healthy controls (P-value > 0.05). Shannon index was neither associated with neurological disorders (P-value > 0.05). After adjusting for age and sex, none of the alpha-diversity measures were associated with Parkinson’s Disease. This is the first report investigating systematically alpha-diversity and its potential link to neurological disorders. Our study has demonstrated that unlike in other gastro-intestinal, immune and metabolic disorders, loss of bacterial diversity is not associated with Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis.