bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Complex Couplings - A Universal, Adaptive, and Bilinear Formulation of Power Grid Dynamics
Authors: Büttner Anna , Hellmann Frank
Published: February 2024

The energy transition introduces new classes of dynamical actors into the power grid. There is, in particular, a growing need for so-called grid-forming inverters (GFIs) that can contribute to dynamic grid stability as the share of synchronous generators decreases. Understanding the collective behavior and stability of future grids, featuring a heterogeneous mix of dynamics, remains an urgent and challenging task. Two recent advances in describing such modern power grid dynamics have made this problem more tractable. First, the normal form for grid-forming actors provides a uniform technology-neutral description of plausible grid dynamics, including grid-forming inverters and synchronous machines. Second, the notion of the complex frequency has been introduced to effortlessly describe how the nodal dynamics influence the power flows in the grid. The major contribution of this paper is to show how the normal-form approach and the complex-frequency dynamics of power grids combine and how they relate naturally to adaptive dynamical networks and control-affine systems. Using the normal form and the complex frequency, we derive a remarkably elementary and universal equation for the collective grid dynamics. Notably, we obtain an elegant equation entirely in terms of a matrix of complex couplings, in which the network topology does not appear explicitly. These complex couplings give rise to new adaptive network formulations of future power grid dynamics. We give a new formulation of the Kuramoto model, with inertia as a special case. Starting from this formulation of the grid dynamics, the question of the optimal design of future grid-forming actors becomes treatable by methods from affine and bilinear control theory. We demonstrate the power of this perspective by deriving a quasilocal control dynamics that can stabilize arbitrary power flows, even if the effective network Laplacian is not positive definite.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Control of an Environmental Spin Defect beyond the Coherence Limit of a Central Spin
Authors: Ungar Alexander , Cappellaro Paola , Cooper Alexandre , Sun Won Kyu Calvin
Published: February 2024

Electronic spin defects in the environment of an optically active spin can be used to increase the size and hence the performance of solid-state quantum registers, especially for applications in quantum metrology and quantum communication. Previous works on multiqubit electronic spin registers in the environment of a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond have only included spins directly coupled to the NV. As this direct coupling is limited by the central spin coherence time, it significantly restricts the maximum attainable size of the register. To address this problem, we present a scalable approach to increase the size of electronic spin registers. Our approach exploits a weakly coupled probe spin together with double-resonance control sequences to mediate the transfer of spin polarization between the central NV spin and an environmental spin that is not directly coupled to it. We experimentally realize this approach to demonstrate the detection and coherent control of an unknown electronic spin outside the coherence limit of a central NV. Our work paves the way for engineering larger quantum spin registers with the potential to advance nanoscale sensing, enable correlated noise spectroscopy for error correction, and facilitate the realization of spin-chain quantum wires for quantum communication.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Aquabis(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)(isonicotinamide-κN)ruthenium(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)
Authors: Faubert Liam , Arman Hadi D. , Adrian Rafael A.
Published: February 2024

In the title complex, [Ru(C10H8N2)2(C6H6N2O)(H2O)](CF3SO3)2, the central RuII atom is sixfold coordinated by two bidentate 2,2′-bipyridine, an isonicotinamide ligand, and a water molecule in a distorted octahedral environment with trifluoromethanesulfonate ions completing the outer coordination sphere of the complex. Hydrogen bonding involving the water molecule and weak π–π stacking interactions between the pyridyl rings in adjacent molecules contribute to the alignment of the complexes in columns parallel to the c axis.
Sustaining learning study: perspectives of the curriculum leaders
Authors: Pang Ming Fai , Ki Wing Wah
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study is to illuminate the perceptions of the essential factors for sustaining Learning Study of the curriculum leaders who have led Learning Study in schools over a sustained period.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopted a case study research approach to explore the perspectives of the curriculum leaders regarding the sustainability of Learning Study. Data were collected through interviews, observations and document analysis. To analyse the data, thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes related to the research aim.

Findings

Four themes were deemed crucial by the curriculum leaders for sustaining Learning Study: (1) integrating Learning Study into the overall development plan of the school, with milestones recognisable by all stakeholders; (2) developing a shared understanding of and patience towards the different developmental needs of stakeholders; (3) developing a sustained programme of professional development for teachers regarding variation theory of learning, which underpins Learning Study; and (4) creating an improvement culture and a safe environment for sustaining professional development. We argue that Learning Study models should be flexible that they fit various school contexts while retaining the aim of enabling learning.

Originality/value

Sustaining Learning Study in schools becomes a challenge if support in the form of government funding and research involvement from tertiary institutions is withdrawn. This study is the first to voice the opinions of school curriculum leaders regarding this complex issue, who play a key role in initiating, implementing and sustaining Learning Study.
Does consumption values and ascribed responsibility predict attitudes towards sustainable luxury brands
Authors: Aggarwal Ekta , Singh Anurupa B. , Misra Richa
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The young generation (Gen Z and Millennials) has a different set of values that the brand needs to interpret better. There is evidence of a correlation between luxury brands and sustainability. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of consumers’ consumption values (functional, experiential, and symbolic) and ethical values (ascribed responsibility) through flow experience (FE) on consumers’ attitudes towards sustainable luxury brands (SLB) in the young generation based on stimulus-organism-response theory.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design consists of Studies 1 and 2. Study 1 used a structured questionnaire on a sample of 396 respondents based on the scales of luxury consumption values. For Study 2, the authors collected 30 qualitative responses from the target group (young Indian shoppers who indulge in luxury fashion shopping frequently) via open-ended essays. PLS-SEM was used to test the hypothesised relationship.

Findings

As per the results, functional values are the most significant predictors of FE, followed by AR, experiential values and symbolic values. The study also discovered that FE has a substantial influence on the formation of attitudes towards sustainable luxury fashion brands. The qualitative findings were in line with the quantitative findings, except that the respondents have reservations with respect to the authenticity of sustainable initiatives by the brands.

Practical implications

As the young consumer represents the future development of the luxury market, it is crucial to fully comprehend their view with respect to consumption value and AR in an emerging economy like India, which constitutes one of the highest populations of young consumers. The new research framework will also assist luxury brand managers in the formulation of efficient brand marketing strategies for sustainable luxury apparel.

Originality/value

Previous studies have mainly focused on FE in the context of the service industry. There are limited studies exploring the impact of achieving FE in framing the attitude towards sustainable luxury fashion brands. Academic research in the area so far has limited its scope to quantitative and a few qualitative studies, but this study provides a mixed-methods approach in a luxury setting, contributing to the study’s distinctiveness.
Macro level literature analysis of Islamic banking and finance in Covid-19 crisis
Authors: Raza Muhammad Wajid
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic content review and bibliometric analysis of the current research trends, core concepts and knowledge mapping on the topic Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) during Covid-19. Apart from highlighting the contributions of prolific authors, prominent institutions and countries, a comprehensive review of a significant number of documents using co-citation and co-word analysis is carried out for the science mapping.

Design/methodology/approach

A data set of 125 papers was collected published in Scopus database during the period December, 2019 and January 5th, 2023. Yearly publications, most-cited papers and authors, active sources, affiliations and countries are highlighted with descriptive analysis. Knowledge structure of the topic was mapped with investigating the social, intellectual and conceptual structures of IBF research. Content analysis is carried out to uncover the underlying research clusters that shape the scientific knowledge structure of studies.

Findings

A diverse group of authors and institutions contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the topic. IBF is adopting new paradigms and frameworks to integrate FinTech, crowd funding and Islamic social finance to provide sustainable solutions in both crisis and normal periods. The research on IBF is classified in to three themes: “financial markets in Covid-19,” “modeling risk and market regimes” and “FinTech and Islamic social finance.”

Research limitations/implications

This study collects data only from Scopus database. Future studies must include research articles from other databases such as, Web of Sciences.

Originality/value

This study highlights research gaps in the existing literature and provides directions for future research.
Financial technology readiness for Shariah-compliant banking services: post-merger perspectives
Authors: Kurniawati Desi Tri , Fernando Yudi , Dzil Ikhram W. M. Abdi , Masyhuri Masyhuri
Published: February 2024

Purpose

The mergers and acquisitions impact the firm’s marketing strategy to target the potential market. To compete with conventional banks, Shariah banks have accommodated financial technology (Fintech) and digitalisation to retain existing customers and attract potential customers. Furthermore, this study aims to analyse the role of organisational trust and commitment in mediating the effect of perceived organisational support and managers’ perceptions of the readiness for Shariah-compliant Fintech adoption.

Design/methodology/approach

To obtain information, 115 managers from Shariah bank in Indonesia were surveyed. The data were then analysed using PLS-SEM with SmartPLS software.

Findings

Perceived organisational support became crucial in improving readiness to adopt the digitalisation initiative and adhere to Shariah norms. Moreover, organisational trust and commitment fully mediated the effect of perceived organisational support and manager’s readiness to change towards Shariah digital bank.

Practical implications

Adopting Fintech and its services can offer better value to customers. Digital technology has supported the merger acquisition of Shariah bank to reduce operational costs and improve productivity and service quality. The Fintech adoption in Shariah banks needs to align with a marketing strategy that can add value, offer efficient services and ensure that all transactions are safe, transparent and Riba-free (interest charged on financial transactions).

Originality/value

From Shariah bank’s perspective, the role of organisational support in Fintech adoption is limited, and there is a lack of studies investigating managers’ readiness to change in post-merger and acquisitions. This study sheds new light on how Shariah banks must offer Fintech services and adopt digital technology to remain relevant and competitive. This study provides evidence of Shariah-compliant bank readiness and organisational support and commitment enablers using two mediating mechanisms. Properly adopting Fintech can provide superior service and Shariah-compliant banking services.
Seeking consensus on a play‐based intervention framework for promoting play of children with HIV/Aids in a low‐resourced setting: A Delphi study
Authors: Munambah Nyaradzai , Ramugondo Elelwani L. , Collins Tracy , Cordier Reinie
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Implementing occupation‐based practice in low‐resourced settings can be challenging especially when working with children with HIV/Aids whose daily occupation of play is often affected by their health condition and other contextual factors such as poverty or stigma.

Aim

The aim of this paper is to obtain consensus from experts on the content and application of a play‐based intervention for children with HIV/Aids living in a low‐resourced setting.

Methods

A Delphi study involving two rounds using an online survey format was conducted with experts from the field of child development, play and/or HIV/Aids. Consensus agreement was reached when at least 70% of Delphi experts rated each item at 3 or higher on a 5‐point Likert scale.

Consumer and Community Involvement

This paper is part of a multi‐stage study that involved input and feedback from families of children who were born HIV/Aids, occupational therapists working with families of children with HIV/Aids, and input from local and international experts working with people with HIV/Aids.

Results

Thirty‐seven experts completed the first round, and 35 completed the second round of the study. Consensus was achieved on the application of the Cooper's Model of Children's Play, techniques to be used and the structure of the intervention. Experts also agreed on the inclusion of a pre‐intervention workshop as part of the play‐based intervention.

Discussion and conclusion

The consensus on the content and application of a play‐based intervention framework through a process of gaining expert perspectives provides confidence that the intervention planned to promote play for children with HIV/Aids living in low‐resourced settings is likely to be effective.
Investigative genetic genealogy for human remains identification
Authors: Greytak Ellen , Wyatt Stephanie , Cady Janet , Moore CeCe , Armentrout Steven
Published: February 2024

Investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) has emerged as a highly effective tool for tying a forensic DNA sample to an identity. While much of the attention paid to IGG has focused on cases where the DNA is from an unknown suspect, IGG has also been used to help close hundreds of unidentified human remains (UHR) cases. Genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data can be obtained from forensic samples using microarray genotyping or whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) with protocols optimized for degraded DNA. After bioinformatic processing, the SNP data can be uploaded to public GG databases that allow law enforcement usage, where it can be compared with other users' data to find distant relatives. A genetic genealogist can then build the family trees of the relatives to narrow down the identity of the source of the forensic DNA sample. To date, 367 UHR identifications using IGG have been publicly announced. The same IGG techniques developed and refined for UHR cases have significant potential for disaster victim identification, where DNA is often extremely compromised, and close family references may not be available. This paper reviews the laboratory, bioinformatic, and genealogical techniques used in IGG for UHR cases and presents three case studies that demonstrate how IGG is assisting with remains identification.
Implementing recommended COVID‐19 public health measures in the era of living with COVID‐19: Experiences of residential aged care facility managers in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Bolsewicz Katarzyna T. , Thompson Kirrilly , Murray Peter , Vidler Megan , Taylor Joanne , Durrheim David N.
Published: February 2024

Objectives

To understand residential aged care facility (the facility) managers' perspectives on implementing public health measures (the measures) in their facilities in terms of barriers, facilitators and suggestions for improvement, after three years of the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Methods

Nine managers of the facilities without an active COVID‐19 outbreak across New South Wales, Australia, representing metropolitan and rural locations, diverse facility size and star quality rating were interviewed (April–June 2023) and data qualitatively analysed.

Results

Broader policy context, the need to balance the measures with resident well‐being, facility‐built infrastructure and mask fatigue were reported as barriers to implementation. Workplace policies, cultural embedding and local innovations were reported as facilitators. Suggested strategies included recommending the measures consistent with temporal COVID‐19 risk; government agencies improving communication about the measures; mandatory staff vaccination; and simplified reporting requirements.

Conclusions

We recommend that relevant government agencies develop a single source of formalised, endorsed, up‐to‐date advice for the sector‐specific COVID‐19 information and communications; streamline outbreak notification and reporting requirements; and improve consultation with the sector.
The devil's picture book and tautology fetishism: A response to Sosteric et al. regarding the tarot and decolonial futures
Authors: Greenberg Yvan
Published: February 2024

A recent Letter to the Editor inAnthropology of Consciousness, by Sosteric, Ratkovic, and Sosteric, is positioned as a critique of my article “Imaginal Research for Unlearning Mastery: Divination With Tarot as a Decolonizing Methodology.” The letter posits that the esoteric tarot is a repository of colonial ideological propaganda, and because of that, it cannot and should not be used as a tool for decolonial practices. However, the letter is misleading in its implications that what I have proposed in my article cannot be a methodology for decolonizing mental models, and includes statements about my position which are incorrect. This response clarifies and expands on ideas from my article—both about the tarot and also about the carceral mental models my article attempts to address—in part by highlighting the modern/colonial underpinnings of Sosteric et al.'s critique.
The commodification of care: Does paying for elder care matter?
Authors: Coe Cati
Published: February 2024

What are the changes in social life that paid care generates, in a context where kin have been expected to provide elder care? This question opens up key questions about the exploitation of women, who often provide domestic labor and care to their kin without pay; and about the spread of capitalism, in which goods and services required for human survival are exchanged through markets. This paper explores how paid elder care in Ghana is made possible practically and ideologically by the social blurring of the difference between nonkin paid care and kin unpaid care: one, by mistrust between kin that make the exchange of services and labor shorter term and more balanced; and two, by treating paid care between neighbors as a gift. Ultimately, I argue, the commodification of elder care is not a straightforward marker of the expansion of global capitalism, but it has led to increased class differences and tensions between women of different economic means.
Late‐onset delirious mania: Does it ring a bell?
Authors: Hansen Maria Aa , Bering Robert , Spanggård Anders , Barata Pedro
Published: February 2024

Background

Bell's mania was first described in 1849, and other terms have been used to describe this condition, including delirious mania, mania with delirium, and excited delirium. However, no international diagnostic manual has included mania as an independent diagnostic tool. The criteria for delirious mania were proposed by Bond et al.

Methods

We present a case of a man without a personal or family psychiatric history who experienced his first manic episode of delirium and psychosis at 76 years old.

Conclusions

The case described in this study is compatible with mood disorders, the original description of Bell's mania, and Bond's definition of delirious mania. Although rare, extremely late‐onset primary mania can occur without personal or family psychiatric history. The initial clinical presentation of delirium requires a thorough medical investigation, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and lumbar puncture with neuronal antibodies. The addition of delirious mania to the group of bipolar disorders in future editions of The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has therapeutic and prognostic implications. The Bond criteria can provide valuable information in this respect. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the pathophysiology and epidemiology of delirious mania.
Servant leadership, workplace well‐being and employee creativity: The roles of psychological availability and experienced creative time pressure
Authors: Song Wenhao , Ma Yingying , Fan Xiucheng , Jin Xiangdong , Peng Xuerong
Published: February 2024

To better understand the effect of workplace well‐being on employee creativity, we examine the effect of servant leadership on employee creativity. Using the social exchange and conservation of resources theories, we constructed a research model to identify how servant leadership affects employee creativity and to investigate its mechanism and boundary conditions. Using data collected from employees and their supervisors, we adapted the hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping approach to test our research model. The results showed that servant leadership positively affected workplace well‐being, which enhances employee creativity. Psychological availability moderated the relationship between workplace well‐being and employee creativity. We also found that the indirect effect of servant leadership on employee creativity via workplace well‐being was significant when the employees had a high level of psychological availability. Moreover, the results indicated that experienced creative time pressure was negatively related to employee creativity and negatively moderated the link between workplace well‐being and employee creativity. The indirect effect of servant leadership on employee creativity was significant when the employees had a low level of experienced creative time pressure. The results of this study provide important theoretical and practical implications for servant leadership and employee creativity.
B cell immune response to human bocaviruses
Authors: Karaaslan Cagatay , Wirz Oliver , Tan Ge , Globinska Anna , Boonpiyathad Tadech , Hedman Klaus , Vaselek Slavica , Venermo Maria Söderlund , Jartti Tuomas , Akdis Mubeccel , Akdis Cezmi A.
Published: February 2024

Background

Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) have been demonstrated in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections; however, the immune response to them has not been studied in detail. In this study, we investigated the B cell immune responses to HBoV1 and HBoV2, representing two different species of bocaviruses in humans.

Methods

We analyzed the effects of stimulations with HBoV1 and 2 virus‐like particles (VLPs) and of co‐stimulation with HBoV1‐rhinovirus (RV) on cells of the immune system by flow cytometry, transcriptomics, and luminometric immune assays.

Results

Human B cells, and particularly B regulatory cells (Breg cells), showed an increased immune response to HBoV1‐VLPs stimulation. These immune responses were also supported by increased IL‐1RA and PDL1 expressions in IL‐10+ B cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with HBoV1‐VLPs. In addition, increased levels of IL‐10 and IL‐1RA were determined in the supernatants of PBMCs following HBoV1‐VLPs stimulation. HBoV1‐VLPs and RV co‐stimulation increased the IL‐10+ B cell population. Transcriptome analysis by next‐generation RNA sequencing showed an increased expression of IL‐10 signalling and Breg cell markers in PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1‐VLPs. Furthermore, TGF‐β and chemoattractants MIP‐1α, MIP‐1β and IP10 protein levels were high in the supernatants of PBMCs stimulated with HBoV1‐VLPs.

Conclusions

The findings demonstrate that in Breg cells, IL‐10 signalling pathways, and anti‐inflammatory activity are induced by HBoV1, which can explain the often mild nature of the disease. In addition, the immune regulatory response induced by HBoV1‐VLPs may indicate a potential immunomodulatory role of HBoV1 on the immune system and may represent an immune regulatory strategy.
Natural history of ENPP1 deficiency: Nationwide Turkish Cohort Study of autosomal‐recessive hypophosphataemic rickets type 2
Authors: Dursun Fatma , Turan İhsan , Bitkin Eda Çelebi , Bayramoğlu Elvan , Çayır Atilla , Erdeve Şenay Savaş , Çakır Esra Deniz Papatya , Çamtosun Emine , Dilek Semine Ozdemir , Kırmızıbekmez Heves , Eser Metin , Türkyılmaz Ayberk , Karagüzel Gülay
Published: February 2024

Objective

Autosomal‐recessive hypophosphataemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2) is a rare disease that is reported in survivors of generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI).

Design, Patients and Measurement

The objective of this study was to characterize a multicenter paediatric cohort with ARHR2 due to ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 (ENPP1) deficiency and with a diagnosis of GACI or GACI‐related findings. The clinical, biochemical and genetic characteristics of the patients were retrospectively retrieved.

Results

We identified 18 patients from 13 families diagnosed with ARHR2. Fifteen of the patients had an ENPP1 variation confirmed with genetic analyses, and three were siblings of one of these patients, who had clinically diagnosed hypophosphataemic rickets (HRs) with the same presentation. From nine centres, 18 patients, of whom 12 (66.7%) were females, were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 4.2 ± 2.2 (1.6–9) years. The most frequently reported clinical findings on admission were limb deformities (66.6%) and short stature (44.4%). At diagnosis, the mean height SD was −2.2 ± 1.3. Five of the patients were diagnosed with GACI in the neonatal period and treated with bisphosphonates. Other patients were initially diagnosed with ARHR2, but after the detection of a biallelic variant in the ENPP1 gene, it was understood that they previously had clinical findings associated with GACI. Three patients had hearing loss, and two had cervical fusion. After the treatment of HRs, one patient developed calcification, and one developed intimal proliferation.

Conclusion

ARHR2 represents one manifestation of ENPP1 deficiency that usually manifests later in life than GACI. The history of calcifications or comorbidities that might be associated with GACI will facilitate the diagnosis in patients with ARHR2, and patients receiving calcitriol and phosphate medication should be carefully monitored for signs of calcification or intimal proliferation.
The relationship between resilience and parental behaviours: The moderating role of parent and child age
Authors: Lasota Agnieszka , Mróz Justyna
Published: February 2024

The present study investigates the relationship between resilience and parental behaviours and examines the moderating role of parent and child age in this relationship. The cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 204 parents of children aged 6 months to 12 years. The Resilience Assessment Scale and the Parenting Behaviours and Dimensions Questionnaire were used. The findings confirmed the existence of a positive relationship between parental resilience and desirable parental dimensions and a negative association with undesirable behaviours towards children. However, overall resilience was not associated with anxious intrusiveness. The moderating effect confirmed that parental age played a moderating role between resilience and punitive behaviours. Child age moderated the relationship between resilience and emotional warmth, permissiveness and anxious intrusiveness. The results of the study indicate the importance of positive resources, such as resilience, and demographic variables, such as parental and child age, in the development of positive parenting.
Treatment of peri‐implant mucositis: Adjunctive effect of glycine powder air polishing to professional mechanical biofilm removal. 12 months randomized clinical study
Authors: Nicola Discepoli , Isabella De Rubertis , Carolina Ciocci , Baldini Nicola , Raffaele Mirra
Published: February 2024

Introduction

To evaluate the adjunctive effect of glycine‐powder air‐polishing (GPAP) to full‐mouth ultrasonic debridement (Fm‐UD) in the treatment of peri‐implant mucositis, and to determine the impact of implant and patient‐level variables for disease resolution.

Methods

Individuals with a diagnosis of peri‐implant mucositis were consecutively included in this randomized parallel arm clinical study. All the participants received a session of Fm‐UD. Only implants allocated to the test group were additionally treated with GPAP. Clinical assessments were recorded at baseline, at 3 and at 12 months following intervention. The primary outcomes were complete disease resolution (DR1), defined as absence of bleeding sites at probing per implants, and partial disease resolution (DR2), measured as the presence of less than two bleeding sites at probing per implant. A final logistic multivariate regression model was built to evaluate the predictive role of implant and patient‐level variables on DR.

Results

Fifty two patients and 157 implants were included. Both groups displayed significant reduction in the extent of bleeding on probing and plaque levels. At 12 months, DR1 was achieved in 16% and 27% of participants for the test and the control group respectively. IDR1 was best predicted by the number of bleeding sites (OR = 2.7, p = 0.04) and the greatest PPD value (OR = 2.7, p = 0.05), while IDR2 by the prosthetic connection (OR = 2.59, p = 0.02), the mean PPD (OR = 2.23, p = 0.04), the FMBS (OR = 4.09, p = 0.04), and number of implants (OR = 4.59, p = 0.02).

Conclusions

Despite significant improvements of clinical signs of peri‐implant inflammation, the use of GPAP appears to have no adjunctive effect as compared with Fm‐UD alone in the achievement of DR. Elevated initial levels of bleeding and PD predicted inferior likelihood of reaching disease resolution. The present randomized parallel arm clinical study was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov and received the following registration number: NCT05801315. This clinical trial was not registered prior to participant recruitment and randomization (https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0009965&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0004FXM&ts=2&cx=fje7l8).
New device, ‘old’ allergens. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by the Dexcom G7 glucose sensor
Authors: Mowitz Martin , Hosseini Sarah , Siemund Ingrid , Ulriksdotter Josefin , Svedman Cecilia
Published: February 2024

Background

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has been reported as an adverse effect from the use of several glucose sensors and insulin pumps from different manufacturers. Isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) has been identified as a major culprit sensitizer, but also other acrylates and (modified) colophonium have been reported as causes of ACD.

Objectives

To report the two first cases diagnosed with ACD caused by the Dexcom G7 (DG7) glucose sensor.

Patients and Methods

Two children with suspected ACD from DG7 were patch tested with our medical device series with an addition of selected test preparations including two variants of modified colophonium – methyl hydrogenated rosinate (MHR) and glyceryl hydrogenated rosinate (GHR). Both patients were also tested with acetone extracts made from different parts of the DG7 sensor. The extracts were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS).

Results

Both patients tested positive to IBOA, hydroabietyl alcohol and GHR. In addition, patient 1 had a positive reaction to MHR and patient 2 had a positive reaction to colophonium. The GC–MS analyses showed the presence of IBOA and colophonium‐related substances in the DG7 extracts.

Conclusions

Both patients were diagnosed with contact allergy to well‐known medical device‐related sensitizers. The presence of IBOA and (modified) colophonium in a newly introduced (on the Swedish market in 2023) glucose sensor is remarkable and indicates an inadequate toxicological assessment of the materials used in the sensor.
What are the barriers and facilitators to participation of people with Down syndrome? A scoping review
Authors: Souto Deisiane Oliveira , de Sousa Marina Oliveira , Ferreira Rafaela Guimarães , Brandão Ana Claudia , Carrera Pedro Brandão , Leite Hércules Ribeiro
Published: February 2024

Aim

To determine the barriers and facilitators of active community participation of children, adolescents, and adults with Down syndrome.

Method

Searches were completed in five electronic databases to identify original studies about participation of children, adolescents (ages < 18 years), and adults (ages 18–59 years) with Down syndrome. Barriers and facilitators to participation were categorized into four factors: personal, social, environmental, and policy and programme. Findings were analysed and validated by a young adult with Down syndrome and a family member, using the public and patient involvement strategy.

Results

Fourteen studies were included: eight with children and adolescents and six with adults. Of the 14 studies, 10 were qualitative and four quantitative. Most studies (n = 9) investigated participation in physical activities, while only a few examined participation in community/social activities (n = 3), daily activities (n = 2), and leisure activities (n = 1). The most commonly cited barriers and facilitators were the availability of programmes and specialized professionals, transportation, as well as attitudes and behaviours. Physical and psychological characteristics of people with Down syndrome and facilities were also frequently mentioned as barriers. On the other hand, the desire to stay active and personal interest in the activity were among the most frequently reported facilitators.

Interpretation

The participation of people with Down syndrome is mainly influenced by physical or psychological factors, the support and attitudes of parents/caregivers, and the availability of specialized programmes. Given the scarcity of research investigating the participation of people with Down syndrome in community activities, daily activities, and leisure, especially in adults, more studies are still needed.
Conservative management of a fracture of the greater trochanter of the femur in an adult horse
Authors: Peeters Manon W. J. , Wallace Andrew G. , Chesworth Matthew J. , Berner Dagmar , Fiske‐Jackson Andrew R.
Published: February 2024

An 8‐year‐old Warmblood cross mare was presented for further investigation of an acute‐onset lameness of the right hindlimb. Three weeks prior to presentation, the horse was found markedly lame at walk following a fall during exercise. The horse was initially managed with field rest, but the lameness persisted. A marked right hindlimb lameness at trot graded 5/10 was confirmed. Atrophy of the right gluteal musculature was evident, and palpation over the region of the right coxofemoral joint provoked a pain reaction. Nuclear scintigraphy revealed a diffuse area of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the right femoral head, neck and greater trochanter. Radiographs identified a complete, slightly displaced fracture of the base of the greater trochanter of the right femur. Ultrasound examination of the proximal femur demonstrated an irregularity of the caudolateral bone surface of the greater trochanter, extending along its attachment to the femur; this was consistent with the radiological findings. On re‐examination, after 9 months of stable rest, the horse was found to be sound when trotted in a straight line on the hard surface. Follow‐up two and a half years after the initial incident reported the horse to be nonlame and at its previous level of work.
Domestic or export: What is basic at the NUTS 2 regional level? A spatial endogenous regional growth model applied in the EU
Authors: Ricordel Pascal
Published: February 2024

A common statement found in regional policy reports is that regional growth is an “export or die” issue. However, the succession of disruptions in the international supply chain has highlighted the crucial roles of domestic activities, local markets and short supply chains, turning the environmental and resilience challenge present in growth policy into a “domestic or die” issue. Recent regional growth theories have seriously questioned export activity as the only way in which to drive regional growth and have highlighted the crucial role of the domestic sector. However, no empirical study has assessed the roles of the domestic and export sectors in growth during this troubled economic period, despite the usefulness of this information for nonbiased policy decisions. Using a spatial endogenous regional growth model as a framework, we investigate the role of the domestic sector during the 1999–2014 period for 263 European Union (EU) Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions. The results stress the importance of domestic productivity for regional growth during this period, which is characterized by three economic shocks, thereby elucidating the importance of domestic productivity for competitiveness and resilience issues.
Whole blood clotting time: Current practices among Thailand National External Quality Assessment Scheme for blood coagulation member laboratories
Authors: Wongkrajang Preechaya , Chinswangwatanakul Wimol , Tientadakul Panutsaya , Chantarat Achara
Published: February 2024

Introduction

The Thai National Guidelines for Hemostatic Laboratory Testing were established in 2018. The guidelines recommend that the 20‐min whole blood clotting time (20WBCT) method be used to diagnose/monitor snake bites. The aim of this study was to survey members of the Thailand National External Quality Assessment Scheme (NEQAS) for Blood Coagulation to investigate the use of 20WBCT testing compared between the 2021 post‐guideline and 2007 pre‐guideline periods.

Methods

In July 2021, questionnaires were sent from the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University to 521 Thailand NEQAS for Blood Coagulation member laboratories to survey their WBCT practices. Current WBCT practices were compared with pre‐guideline WBCT practices, and chi‐square test (x2) was used to test for differences between groups.

Results

Ninety‐seven (18.6%) of 521 surveys were returned. Seventy‐one laboratories (73.2%) reported knowing about 20WBCT from the Thai national guidelines. The reported average frequency of overall WBCT testing in 2021 was 12.4 times/month. The proportion of laboratories that reported using the 20WBCT test increased from 2.0% in 2007 to 46.4% in 2021 (p < 0.001), and the indications for performing WBCT were virtually unchanged from 2007 to 2021. The proportion of laboratories that reported having problems with WBCT testing decreased from 32.7% in 2007 to 16.5% in 2021.

Conclusion

Despite our findings that almost three‐quarters of respondent laboratories reported knowing about 20WBCT testing from the WBCT guidelines, and that WBCT‐specific problems decreased significantly from 2007 to 2021, more work and training is needed to improve WBCT guideline dissemination, understanding, and adherence in Thailand.
The effect of oscillation depolymerization on ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid‐dependent platelet aggregation samples: A cross‐over study
Authors: Liu Dan , Yang Wei
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)‐dependent platelet aggregation (PA) can cause medical errors. Currently, there is no reliable method for completely solving this problem. This study aims to solve this problem that has plagued clinical practice for many years by using oscillation method.

Methods

Sixty‐one EDTA‐PA samples were collected, divided, and disaggregated using the oscillation method at various times and speeds. The samples were analyzed using routine blood tests and blood smears.

Results

Platelet counts (PLT) were increased significantly after oscillation. PLT in the 3000 rpm for 0.5 min group was significantly higher than that in the 500 rpm for 0.5 min group (p < 0. 01). After 3000 rpm oscillation, the PLT gradually increased with time, while compared with the 10‐min group, the PLT in the 13‐min group showed no significant differences. The effective disaggregation rates in the EDTA‐PA samples using the oscillation method and sodium citrate anticoagulant were 96.72% and 65.57%, respectively. There were no significant changes in white blood cell (WBC) or red blood cell (RBC) counts or morphology after the use of the oscillation method.

Conclusion

The oscillation method effectively depolymerized EDTA‐PA without adverse effects on WBC and RBC. The implementation of this technique promises to resolve the issue of EDTA‐PA.
Intimate partner violence in the lives of Indigenous and Black women in the upper Midwest of the United States during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods protocol examining help‐seeking behaviours and experiences
Authors: Lopez Alexa A. , Dressel Anne , Luebke Jeneile , Williams Joni , Campbell Jennifer , Miller Jessica , Kibicho Jennifer , Schadewald Diane , Abusbaitan Hanan , Pirsch Anna , Gondwe Kaboni W. , Schubert Erin , Ruiz Ashley , Kako Peninnah , Mkandawire‐Valhmu Lucy , Egede Leonard E.
Published: February 2024

Violent behaviour perpetrated against women has long‐lasting negative physical and mental health consequences for women, their children, their families, and their communities. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with many adverse physical, psychological, and emotional consequences. Structural racism and historical trauma affect women's trust and further hinder the ability of Indigenous and Black women to seek help after experiencing IPV. The availability of IPV support services, which can include shelter, food, group therapy, legal assistance, and advocacy, can be inaccessible to women due to the inability to access often limited resources in urban environments and reasons compounded by potential geographic distance if living in rural areas or living in community. Understanding the unique reasons why Indigenous and Black women do not seek help, and the barriers they experience when seeking help after IPV, is critical. Pandemics have the potential to create further complexities on how IPV is experienced. Black and Indigenous women experiencing IPV were therefore at even greater risk for IPV‐related harm because of state and local “stay at home” measures put in place to minimise the spread COVID‐19. The purpose of this manuscript is to explicate the methods for a large R01 study in the Upper Midwest.
Efficacy of autologous platelet‐rich plasma combined with negative pressure sealing drainage in the treatment of patients with diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: Liao Ming‐Yan , Ran Shu‐Rong
Published: February 2024

This study systematically evaluates the efficacy of autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) combined with negative pressure sealing drainage (NPSD) in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). A comprehensive computerized search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), from database inception to November 2023, on the treatment of DFU using autologous PRP combined with NPSD. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and conducted quality assessments based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. A total of 17 RCTs involving 1325 DFU patients were included. The analysis revealed that the application of autologous PRP combined with NPSD in DFU patients significantly increased the ulcer healing rate (OR = 3.54, 95% CI: 2.71–4.62, p < 0.001) and the overall treatment efficacy rate (OR = 4.99, 95% CI: 3.46–7.19, p < 0.001), and significantly reduced the wound healing time (SMD = −2.05, 95% CI: −2.61 to −1.49, p < 0.001). This study indicates that the treatment of DFU with autologous PRP combined with NPSD accelerates wound healing, improves the overall treatment efficacy rate, and offers a new option for the management of DFU.
Comparative phylogeography shows congruent co‐divergence in Neotropical seasonally dry forest and savanna tree species
Authors: Vitorino Luciana Cristina , Reis Mateus Neri Oliveira , Melo Warita Alves , Collevatti Rosane G.
Published: February 2024

Aim

The response of South American seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and savanna species to the Quaternary climate changes is still poorly understood. Here we use multi‐model inference approach to compare the phylogeography and demographic history of five trumpet tree species (also known as pau‐d'arco) and draw general biogeographical patterns: Handroanthus impetiginosus, H. ochraceus, H. serratifolius, Tabebuia aurea and T. roseoalba.

Location

Amazonia, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Caatinga ecoregions, South America and Brazil.

Taxa

Bignoniaceae, Tabebuia Alliance, trees.

Methods

We compiled genetic data, occurrence records and ecological niche modelling (ENM) from published articles. We used coalescent modelling to test patterns of co‐divergence, and analysed niche breadth and overlap and spatial patterns in genetic diversity using quantile regressions.

Results

Species showed concordant lineage divergence times in the Pleistocene. Lineage diversification and phylogeographical patterns are more related to species niche breadth than to biome (savanna or SDTF). Differences in genetic diversity among species matches the expected for the demographic scenarios obtained with coalescent simulations and ENMs: species with wider range expansion during the Last Glacial Maximum had higher diversity than species with range retraction or multiple refugia.

Main Conclusions

Diversification burst in the Pliocene, and major diversification of lineages during the Pleistocene seems to be a general pattern in SDTF and savannas in the South America. The high number of haplotypes at the Central Brazil, corresponding to the Cerrado ecoregion, highlights the importance of Protected Areas for SDTFs and savannas, highly threatened biomes in Brazil.