bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lecciones que Se Desprenden del Proceso de la Política Energética de Largo Plazo-Energía 2050
Authors: Dufey Annie
Published: October 2023

En Chile, se ha instalado una cultura de participación para la elaboración de políticas públicas donde el sector energía ha sido uno de los grandes protagonistas. La Política Energética Nacional 2050 (Energía-2050) de 2015 ha destacado a nivel nacional e internacional un referente en el desarrollo participativo de políticas públicas, no sólo por su reciente actualización bajo un nuevo gobierno y de otra coalición, transformándose en una política de Estado que trasciende al gobierno de turno, sino también por haber inspirado otros procesos de políticas públicas. Se da a conocer el proceso de elaboración de la primera versión de Energía 2050 del año 2015, identificando aspectos generales del proceso y elementos claves tras su éxito así como los principales desafíos.
Ouroboros
Authors: Hauser Molina Rainer María
Published: October 2023

Las líneas que siguen son, casi sin modificaciones —tanto para preservar su espontaneidad creativa como los principios a los cuales se ajusta la transmisión oral—, las notas teóricas que acompañaron los desarrollos prácticos de mis tres últimas clases del curso Transparencia y Democracia en 2022. No pretendo dar forma final a los temas que abarcan sus contenidos, sino que contribuir a establecer relaciones de importancia con las áreas que cubre el Programa. Espero que la bibliografía al final resulte de utilidad a los muy buenos alumnos que asistieron a mis clases. También pienso que estas letras contribuirán a una reflexión política sobre los problemas culturales que, más insensiblemente que no, acarrea la educación de mercado. Finalmente, este profesor, comunicando su reflexión en algunas líneas sobre los alcances teóricos en el tratamiento de las temáticas programadas y abordadas en las clases, espera alcanzar un público lector más amplio que quienes fueron a ellas, sus compañeros de viaje.
Monitoreando al Programa PACE, Región de O'Higgins
Authors: Ortiz González Edison , Duarte Paredes Catalina , Muñoz Figueroa Marcel
Published: October 2023

Hay escasa bibliografía sobre los resultados del Programa de Acceso a la Educación Superior (PACE), especialmente en regiones. Es menor aún sobre monitoreo a la implementación de este. El siguiente texto es un esfuerzo por sistematizar información sobre el programa en la Región de O’Higgins, donde intervienen tres universidades (de Santiago, Tecnológica Metropolitana y de O’Higgins), e identificar la opinión de las comunidades educativas receptoras de esta política pública. De este modo, vía un fondo de la supervisión, se recabó mediante jornadas, encuestas y focus group la opinión de distintos actores que se compilaron en una investigación pionera en regiones sobre la percepción de esta política.
Antecedentes y efectos del valor percibido: enoturismo en valle de Guadalupe, México
Authors: Cavazos-Arroyo Judith , Beyliss-Cortez Laura , Meraz Lino
Published: October 2023

México ha puesto en marcha iniciativas que han generado reconocimiento de marca de sus destinos vitivinícolas, especialmente el Valle de Guadalupe, y resulta necesario tener más evidencias que permitan comprender las necesidades de los nuevos. Para ello, evaluamos un valor de marca y atributos del destino enoturístico Valle de Guadalupe sobre el valor percibido en la experiencia del destino, la intención de recomendar y revisitar el destino, y explorar si existe alguna diferencia en las relaciones expuestas en el modelo respecto. El método aplicado mediante una investigación cuantitativa con un muestreo, y los principales resultados indicaron que el valor de marca del destino influye positivamente sobre el valor percibido en la experiencia en el destino, comprobándose las hipótesis propuestas en esta investigación. Además, el análisis multigrupo mostró que la edad influye en tres de las relaciones del modelo. Se concluye que el valor de marca y los atributos de un destino enoturístico influyen positivamente sobre el valor percibido en la experiencia del destino, lo cual se ve reflejado directamente en la intención de recomendar y revisitar el destino del Valle de Guadalupe.
Glaukosphaerite from chromitites of the Voykar-Synya massif,
Polar Urals – the first reliable find in Russia
Authors: Erokhin Yu.V. , Pekov I.V. , Vakhrusheva N.V. , Shiryaev P.B. , Yapaskurt V.O. , Britvin S.N.
Published: October 2023

Glaukosphaerite and mcguinnessite (carbonates of the rosasite-malachite group) are found in chromitites of the Burkhoyla area, which is located in the northern part of the Voykar-Synya ultramafc massif (Polar Urals). The minerals form green and bluish-green flms, small crystals and spherulites (up to 0.3 mm) in cavities of weathered chromitites. This is the frst reliable fnd of glaukosphaerite in Russia. The chemical composition of glaukosphaerite is as follows (wt %): 25.14 NiO, 0.44 CoO, 0.89 FeO, 34.45 CuO, 7.90 MgO, 21.65 CO2 (calc.), 8.86 H2O (calc.), total 99.33. The empirical formula calculated based on the cation sum is (Cu0.88Ni0.68Mg0.40Fe0.03Co0.01)2.00(CO3)(OH)2. The parameters of the monoclinic unit cell of glaukosphaerite calculated from the powder X-ray diffraction data are: a = 12.070(3), b = 9.363(2), c = 3.131(1) A, ? = 98.03(2)?, V = 350.3(3) A3. The formation of these carbonates is related to supergene alteration of sulfdes (pentlandite and bornite) in chromitites.
Bismuth minerals from Yugo-Konevo and Porokhovskoe tungsten deposits (South Urals)
Authors: Kasatkin A.V. , Belogub E.V. , Kuznetsov A.M. , Novoselov K.A. , Skoda R. , Nestola F. , Rogov D.A.
Published: October 2023

A mineral assemblage including sulfosalts of the bismuthinite-aikinite (aikinite, bismuthinite, gladite, salzburgite, krupkaite, lindstromite, pekoite, friedrichite, hammarite), pavonite (makovickyite, cupromakovickyite, pavonite, dantopaite, mummeite), cupropavonite (cupromakopavonite, cupropavonite) and lillianite (lillianite s.s.) homologous series, as well as angelaite, berryite, matildite, baksanite, ikunolite, tetradymite, hedleyite and native bismuth is identifed in veinlet ores of the Yugo-Konevo and Porokhovskoe tungsten deposits (Chelyabinsk oblast, South Urals). The Bi minerals occur as individual grains or intergrowths in fuorite-muscovite-quartz veins with hubnerite and scheelite , inclusions in quartz and intersticial aggregates between pyrite, sphalerite and galena. Angelaite, dantopaite, cupromakovickyite and cupromakopavonite are frst found at the territory of Russian Federation and salzburgite, cupropavonite, makovickyite and mummeite are found for the frst time in the South Urals.
"Küçülen Şehirler" de Kentsel Yenileme için Yapılan Çalışmalar: Liverpool Örneği
Authors: GÖK Bengü , KEREM ÖZTÜRK Zeynep
Published: October 2023

Kentlerin yüzyıllar boyunca fiziksel, ekonomik, sosyo-ekonomik, demografik, sosyal ve kültürel olarak büyüyüp gelişmeleri doğal bir süreç olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte kentsel büyümenin çeşitli etkenlerden kaynaklanan tersi bir olgunun var olduğunu da görmekteyiz. ‘Kentsel Küçülme’ terimiyle adlandırılan bu olgu aslında yeni olmayıp çok boyutlu bir süreç olması nedeniyle kentlerin tarih boyunca gelişimindeki deneyimler sonucu bu yüzyılda belirginlik kazanmıştır. Şikago Okulundan beri şehirlerin ve şehir merkezlerinin gelişmesi ve küçülmesi ile oluşan kentsel dönüşümün bir yaşam döngüsünden kaynaklandığı doğal bir süreç olarak kabul edilmektedir. Özellikle ABD’ de bunun nedenleri ve oluşumlarını analiz eden çalışmalar bazı kentlerin kaçınılmaz bir küçülme içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Çok boyutlu bir süreç olan şehirlerin küçülmesinin nedenlerine yönelik farklı görüşler ortaya atılmakla birlikte görüşlerin hem fikir olduğu iki temel faktör, demografik yapıdaki değişim ve endüstriyel dönüşüm olarak belirmektedir. Nüfusun banliyölere yerleşmesi ile kent merkezlerinde yer alan konut yerleşimlerinin boşalması sonucu canlılığını yitirmiş alanlar boşluk olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Kent merkezlerinde boşluklar olarak beliren büyük alanların benzerleri, teknolojik gelişmeler ve çevresel faktörlerin etkileşimiyle gelişen endüstriyel dönüşüm sonucunda meydana gelmektedir. Avrupa kentleri dünyanın diğer kıtalarında yer alan kentlere oranla ‘küçülme’ süreçlerini önceden deneyimlemiş ve küçülmeye karşı çözüm önerilerini geliştirme çalışmalarına daha önce başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada küçülen şehirlerde etken olan önemli iki faktörün fiziksel ve mekânsal yansıması olan ‘banliyöleşme’ ve ‘endüstriyel dönüşüm’ Liverpool kenti üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Liverpool’un küçülen şehirler kapsamından çıkmasını sağlayan ekonomik gelişim ve kentsel dönüşüm süreci incelenmiş ve yeniden canlandırılmasında rol oynayan parametreler ayrıntılı biçimde ortaya konulmuş olup bu tür kentler için model olabileceği varsayılmıştır.
PERANAN PENGAWASAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN ANGGARAN PADA DINAS PPKAD KOTA GUNUNGSITOLI
Authors: Kurniawan Sarototonafo Zai  , Cardinal Pranatal Mendrofa Cardinal Pranatal Mendrofa
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This research is intended to find out how the role of financial management oversight is on the effectiveness of budget use at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli so that what was previously planned can be achieved properly. This study uses the method of reviewing the literature. In this study the sampling technique is to use a saturated sample, namely where the entire population is used as a sample. So that the samples in this study were all Civil Servants of the PPKAD Service in Gunungsitoli City, totaling 41 people. The role of supervising financial management is very useful in the process of using the budget as is the case with the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli where the implementation of the function and role of supervision on management effectiveness, especially in the financial sector, has been well implemented. Management of the budget (financial) at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli starting from the preparation of the budget to the monitoring objectives has been carried out properly; and Information on management oversight of financial management on the effectiveness of budget use at the PPKAD Office of the City of Gunungsitoli has been carried out well and this has become a benchmark for the development of its tasks/activities in the future.
 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dimaksud untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan terhadap efektivitas penggunaan anggaran pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli sehingga apa yang direncanakan sebelumnya dapat tercapai dengan baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengkajian terhadap literatur.   Dalam penelitian ini teknik penarikan sampel yaitu menggunakan sampel jenuh yaitu dimana semua populasi dijadikan sampel. Sehingga yang menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh Pegawai Negeri Sipil Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli yang berjumlah 41 orang. Peranan pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan sangat berguna di dalam proses penggunaan anggaran seperti halnya pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli dimana penerapan fungsi dan peranan pengawasan terhadap efektivitas pengelolaan khususnya dibidang keuangan telah terlaksana dengan baik. Pengelolaan anggaran (keuangan) pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli mulai dari penyusunan anggaran hingga tujuan pengawasannya telah terlaksana dengan baik; dan Informasi manajemen pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan terhadap efektivitas penggunaan anggaran pada Dinas PPKAD Kota Gunungsitoli terlaksana dengan baik dan ini menjadi tolok ukur pengembangan tugas-tugas/aktivitasnya dimasa mendatang.
Non-equilibrium aerodynamics between ionization-wave and shock-wave fronts in millimetre-wave supported detonation
Authors: Tabata Kuniyoshi , Oda Yasuhisa , Komurasaki Kimiya , Manabe Ayuto , Kawashima Rei
Published: October 2023

A shock wave driven by discharge plasma propagating in a high-power millimetre-wave beam was investigated both experimentally and numerically. A shadowgraph experiment was used to visualize the shock wave and plasma. The ionization wave front of the plasma preceded the shock wave by 2.0–4.0 mm under conditions of 170 GHz beam frequency, atmospheric pressure, and 1.1 GW m−2 peak power density (power density at the beam axis). Furthermore, a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation considering non-equilibrium temperatures and filamentary plasma structures revealed that an ionization-wave front precedes a shock wave front because the energy relaxation requires a few micro-seconds from vibrational excitation at a plasma front to translational excitation for the shock wave formation. Consequently, the distance between an ionization wave front and shock wave front is 3.8 mm in the two-dimensional CFD simulation, which agreed with the experimental results.
Recent advances in Parallel Imaging for MRI: Wave-CAIPI technique
Authors: Curatolo Calogero
Published: October 2023

The aim of this work is to illustrate the principles and advantages of the modern technique of Parallel Imaging (PI), Wave-CAIPI. Wave-CAIPI applies two sinusoidal gradients, Gy and Gz, during frequency encoding, with a phase shift of one quarter of a full cycle.
In combination with the 2D-CAPIRINHA effect, the result is the origin of sinusoidal waves, staggered between them, that incur in “corkscrew” trajectories inside the k-space, that cross the layers, “slices per slice”.
The result is reduced acquisition times (Tacq), with an “aliasing” well distributed over all three dimensions of space, and an adequate signal/noise ratio (SNR). In the literature, scientific studies have shown a greater efficiency of the Wave-CAIPI than the 2D-CAIPI and GRAPPA methods. In fact, compared to a 2D-CAIPI with equal acceleration factor (R) and Tacq, the SNR is greater, thanks to geometric factor values (g) almost perfect. Similarly, compared to the GRAPPA technique, with the same number of coils channels and R, lower Tacq are described.
Among the techniques of PI, the Wave-CAIPI is a technique that allows an effective acceleration of Tacq maintaining an adequate SNR, a fundamental prerequisite for clinical applications and research, in particular in the field of Neuro-MR
G-Learn A Graph Machine Learning Content Recommendation System for Virtual Learning Environments
Authors: Damasceno Hugo , Rocha Leonardo , Serra Antonio
Published: October 2023

Recommender Systems are information systems that provide personalized suggestions or recommendations to users based on their preferences, interaction history, and behavior patterns. An important use of recommender systems is in Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs), i.e. remote learning platforms where students can access educational materials, activities, assessments, etc., where they offer significant benefits to both students and instructors. Such benefits include personalized learning, increased engagement and effectiveness of both teaching and learning tasks. 

Challenges for the use of recommendation systems in VLEs include the cold start problem, data sparsity, and limited coverage.

To deal with these challenges, we propose G-Learn, a recommendation system for contents in VLEs that can operate in both supervised and unsupervised modes. The recommendations are based on graph machine learning techniques combined with keyword mining and similarity, allowing the system to recommend educational materials that are adapted to the performance of each student detected when the student solves questions on the platform. 

We show the effectiveness of G-learn in a realistic scenario, using data from the  VLE Homero, a computer science platform supported by the federal government of Brazil. We compare different settings for the keyword mining and machine learning techniques. Real data from students is used to validate the recommendation graphs, where G-learn obtained an average f1-score of 0.64 in the unsupervised mode and 0.95 in the supervised one.
Targeting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis by Indole-3-Carbinol to Ameliorate Doxorubicin- Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice
Authors: Adwas Almohktar A. , Almgatif Imran M. S. , Azab Azab Elsayed
Published: October 2023

Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antineoplastic agent of the anthracycline group. However, as with most anticancer drugs, they cause some toxic effects, including major cardiotoxicity. Oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis contribute to the pathological basis of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. Indole-3-carbinol is a cruciferous-derived phytochemical, with potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Purpose: Our present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of I3C against DOX- induced cardiotoxicity in mice by Targeting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Methods: BALB/c mice were subjected to DOX (4 mg/kg/day, i.p.) once weekly on days 0, 7, 14, 21 (for 21 days) to generate DOX- induced cardiotoxicity. Indole-3-carbinol was administered daily orally in the diet at two dose levels; 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm for 7 days before and 42 days after first injection of DOX. Serum creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and troponin I (cTn-I) levels activities, which are cardiac function markers were determined. Also, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) was assessed and enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were assessed in the heart tissues to determine the protective effect of Indole-3-carbinol against oxidative stress. To determine the anti-inflammatory effect, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed in the heart tissues. Parts of the heart were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Results: Indole-3-carbinol in a dose‐dependent manner was found to have the ability to mitigate the harmful effects of DOX on myocardial muscles with significant decrease in serum levels of CK-MB, LDH and cTn-I. In addition, Indole-3-carbinol significantly inhibited DOX-induced cardiac oxidative stress as seen in the reduced level of MDA and increased SOD, CAT, GR and GPx cardiac tissue levels; Indole-3-carbinol significantly reduced inflammatory mediators TNF-α and IL-6 levels and inhibited cardiac apoptosis by modulating Caspase 3 cardiac tissue levels. Moreover, Indole-3-carbinol, in a dose‐dependent manner, had the ability to combat the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes induced by doxorubicin in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that administration of I3C in a dose dependent manner prevents heart injury induced by DOX via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.
Learning Disabilities, Culture and the Nigerian Educational System: The Unseen Link to Mental Health
Authors: Olaleye Olopade Oludare
Published: October 2023

Background: The fact that human beings vary in intellectual capacity is universally accepted all over the world. There are, however, generally accepted intellectual growth markers with which psychologists judge the mental and intellectual development of children and young adults. Children who fall below what is considered the average are considered low on cognitive ability. Objective: This study aims to scrutinise and analyse the Nigerian education system using literature to identify the negative impact of the present structure on the mental health of people with LD. It also explores the possibilities for improvement in the present Nigerian education systems such that it is less harmful to people with LD. Method: This paper is a qualitative literature review concentrating on the results of 3 primary research papers. Their results will be used to explore the conversations surrounding the effect of dysfunction in the Nigerian education system on the experiences of students with learning disabilities. Results: The review of the literature shows that the existing educational structure in Nigeria may worsen the outcome of students with LD as there are sparse social and physical infrastructures to protect and assist them. Conclusion: This paper explores the psychiatry of learning disabilities, not to reveal all work done in the field but to discuss the evidence posed by existing literature concerning the link between learning disabilities, mental health, and the educational system in Nigeria. It concludes that there is room for improvement on the present frameworks for the education and care of students with LD.
East-West Dichotomy
Authors: Hajar Nmirach , Hassan Pr Skouri
Published: October 2023

In 2022, Qatar made history by being the first Arab and Muslim country to host the FIFA world cup. During this prestigious soccer competition, Qatar and its organization was the topic of the media all over the world which resulted in many accusations from French, Denmark and Danish media about human right violations and some unusual restrictions. These accusations and comebacks from the Arab world revived the classical East-West dichotomy in real life and especially over the media. On the other hand, the Moroccan team was amongst the finalists which as well as Qatar grabbed the attention of the media. Moroccan team players showed many aspects that are deeply rooted in their culture like family bonds, belonging and their attachment to the Palestinian cause. This article will highlight the effect of the media coverage during the world cup and analyze the reaction of Western media to the controversies that were amplifying throughout that cup concerning Qatar’s organization and the Moroccan team.
When God Closes the Megachurch: Penutupan Bait Allah Salomo dan Penyebaran Gereja ke Masyarakat Luas
Authors: Handayani Dwi Maria
Published: October 2023

Penutupan gereja sebagai dampak pandemi COVID-19 pada awalnya merupakan hal yang tak terduga dan sulit diterima oleh banyak orang percaya. Banyak pertanyaan yang muncul ketika itu: mengapa Tuhan mengizinkan hal ini terjadi? Orang percaya mencari makna dan maksud Tuhan melalui peristiwa ini. Bertolak dari kondisi seperti ini, penulis memakai narasi penu¬tu¬pan Bait Allah Salomo untuk menjadi pijakan dalam mencari makna teologis dari peristiwa tersebut. Penulis juga menggali hal-hal apa saja yang menjadi penyebab penutupan Bait Allah dan efek apa saja yang ditimbulkan. Akhirnya, penulis menarik beberapa pelajaran yang relevan bagi gereja-gereja pascapandemi. Penulis mengusulkan bahwa sebagaimana Allah tidak kembali memerintahkan bangsa Israel yang dibuang di Babel untuk membangun Bait Allah di sana, gereja-gereja masa kini pun tidak lagi harus terfokus untuk merestorasi apa yang sebelumnya mereka lakukan, tetapi berfokus untuk melihat keluar akan kesempatan-kesempatan yang terbuka di masyarakat luar yang sebelumnya kita anggap sekuler atau duniawi.
Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio as an Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Erdoğan Çağdaş , Güven İbrahim Ethem , Başpınar Batuhan , Kılıç Zeki Mesut Yalın
Published: October 2023

Objective: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Recent investigations have highlighted the potential involvement of inflammation, although the etiology of IBS remains unknown. This study aims to assess the connection between IBS and Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (MHR), a new inflammatory marker.
Material and Method: The study was conducted in the outpatient gastroenterology unit of a tertiary center between March-2021 and March-2022. Patients with IBS, according to the Rome IV criteria were examined retrospectively. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls were used to compute MHR and compare the results. 
Results: A total of 255 participants, 155 diagnosed with IBS and 100 in the control group, were included. The median (min-max) monocyte counts (cells/mm³) in the IBS and control groups were 380.0 (310.0-460.0) and 332.0 (232.0-449.3), respectively (p = 0.008). The median(min-max) HDL levels(mg/dl) in IBS and control groups were 45.0(36.0-55.0) and 49.0(43.0-57.0), respectively(p=0.001). The median MHR was higher in the IBS group (9.5) compared to healthy controls (6.73, p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed MHR as an independent predictor of the presence of IBS (OR: 1.406, 95% CI: [insert confidence interval]). The cut-off value for MHR to detect IBS with 62.6% sensitivity and 63.0% specificity was 7.57, and ROC analysis revealed an AUROC value of 0.646 (95% CI: 0.577-0.715, p<0.001).
Discussion: The study's primary findings were that IBS patients had significantly lower levels of HDL cholesterol and significantly higher levels of monocyte counts when compared to the control group. Consequently, monocyte/HDL ratios (MHR) were statistically substantially greater in IBS patients than in the control group. Furthermore, when the cut-off value was set at 7.6, MHR was found to be an independent predictor for IBS, with 62.6% sensitivity and 63.0% specificity.
Conclusion: MHR can be a simple, inexpensive, and effective tool to demonstrate the inflammatory state in patients with IBS.
Quatro décadas após a epidemia de HIV/AIDS: conquistas e desafios
Authors: Araújo Hayslla Mikaella do Couto , Nascimento Talia Aparecida Alves do , Borges Natália Bóscolo Gutierrez , Prado Caroline Mortoza do , Costa Lílian Neves Marques , Silva Josielen alexandria Serra da , Costa Francisca Micilene , Alves Ana Paula da Penha , Ramos Ana Caroline Santos , Pedrosa Nayalla Jales Maia , Silva Jaqueline Carvalho De Oliveira
Published: October 2023

Considerado um problema de saúde pública em escala global, a pandemia de HIV/AIDS tem gerado grande desafio para as autoridades desenvolverem as políticas públicas de saúde. Desde o seu primeiro caso registrado no início dos anos 80, considerado uma marca inextinguível na saúde, na sociedade e no crescimento econômico. Trata-se de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica do tipo integrativa, cujo objetivo estabeleceu-se a partir da necessidade de elencar as principais descobertas e desafios após a epidemia do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana e Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida ocorrida na década de 1980. Foram encontradas mais de 1400 publicações com os descritores definidos para a pesquisa. Em seu primeiro registro foi rotulado como vírus associado a linfadenopatia, e já no ano seguinte, após a emissão de um relatório apontando aproximadamente 75 milhões de infectados e cerca de 32 milhões de mortes, e assim se instalou as primeiras preocupações das autoridades de saúde pública. Em 1983 foi desvendado que o retrovírus era o causador da AIDS, e no mesmo ano, foi designado o nome de Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV). A partir disto, houve a necessidade de desenvolver um método de diagnóstico, o Imunoensaio Enzimático (EIA) para identificar os portadores que ainda não apresentavam manifestações clínicas, ou seja, a forma assintomática. Para controlar a progressão da doença e reduzir os prejuízos desencadeados pelo comprometimento do sistema imune em decorrência da infecção, no final da década de 80 e 90, a FDA aprovou os primeiros fármacos, que eram utilizados em esquemas de monoterapia. Devido ao alto poder de replicação e mutação do vírus, mecanismos de resistência foram surgindo e novos meios de proteção e tratamento sendo criados. A cura do HIV já foi considerada um objetivo inatingível, mas com o avanço das pesquisas e novas descobertas, a erradicação do vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana é um objetivo alcançável. A maior esperando das pesquisas apontam para a utilização de anticorpos e desenvolvimento de vacinas.
FULL-SCALE STUDY OF THE TNS INDEX IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE ROOM
Authors: Мерщиев А.А. , Яременко С.А. , Красникова А.Н. , Голядкина А.Д.
Published: October 2023

В работе приводятся результаты натурных экспериментальных исследований параметров микроклимата внутреннего воздуха в рабочей зоне. Целью исследований являлось выявление путем сравнительного анализа отклонений экспериментальных значений параметров микроклимата от нормативных, для реализации мер по повышению производительности труда человека на рабочем месте. В работе описываются проведенные авторами натурные экспериментальные исследования по определению ТНС-индекса. Измерения выполнялись «мокрым» и «сухим» термометром, а также сферой Вернона. В результате эксперимента установлено, что экспериментальные значения параметров микроклимата не соответствуют нормативным. Обоснована целесообразность использования полученных результатов при интегральной оценке тепловой нагрузки среды на рабочих местах.

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the parameters of the indoor air microclimate in the working area. The aim of the study is to identify deviations of normative and experimental values of microclimate parameters by comparative analysis, which might increase human productivity in the workplace. The paper describes the experimental studies and the results of the analysis of the TNS index. We carried out the measurements with a wet thermometer, dry thermometer and Vernon sphere. The results of the experiment showed that the experimental values do not correspond to the normative ones. It is suggested that the obtained values should be used when compiling the thermal balance of the room.
RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WARM ASPHALT MIXTURES FOR THE CALCULATION OF ROAD STRUCTURES
Authors: Жданов К.А. , Калгин Ю.И. , Волков В.В. , Симчук Е.Н.
Published: October 2023

Постановка задачи. Асфальтобетонные смеси являются эффективным материалом для устройства дорожных покрытий, на которые динамически воздействуют движущиеся транспортные средства. Рассматривается задача изучения зависимости динамического модуля упругости и реологических характеристик теплых асфальтобетонных смесей, приготовленных на минеральных материалах и битумных вяжущих отечественного производства, от вида теплой технологии. Результаты. Приведены результаты эксперимента и их математический анализ по изучению влияния вида теплой технологии на модуль упругости и реологические характеристики теплых асфальтобетонных смесей, произведенных с использованием разных технологий: вспенивания битумного вяжущего, введения в битумное вяжущее органической или химической добавки. Выводы. Установлено значительное влияние температуры на энергию активации сдвига для асфальтобетонных смесей, произведенных по горячей или теплой технологии с использованием дорожного битума или битумного вяжущего. Выявлены температурные и частотные зависимости динамического модуля упругости асфальтобетонных смесей, приготовленных по горячей технологии и для всех видов теплой технологии. Определены динамические характеристики и охарактеризованы демпфирующие свойства горячих и теплых асфальтобетонных смесей.
ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE DEPENDENCE OF THE FIRST NATURAL FREQUENCY OF THE FRAME TRUSS ON THE NUMBER OF PANELS
Authors: Кирсанов М.Н. , Конг Л.Л.
Published: October 2023

Рассматривается плоская модель шарнирно опертой рамной фермы. Масса балочной фермы равномерно распределяется по ее узлам. Каждый узел имеет две степени свободы в плоскости построения. Матрица жесткости статически заданной конструкции определяется по формуле Максвелла–Мора. Для оценки первой собственной частоты использовался метод Донкерлея. Индивидуальные решения для ферм с последовательно увеличивающимся числом панелей обобщаются на произвольный случай методом двойной индукции по числу панелей в прогоне и количеству панелей в несущих боковых частях фермы. Обобщение ряда решений ферм с разным числом панелей на общий случай производится по индукции в математической системе обозначений Maple. Аналитическая зависимость сравнивается с численным решением задачи о спектре собственных частот фермы. Результаты показали, что с увеличением количества панелей как в балках, так и в боковых стойках точность аналитической оценки возрастает.
Performance evaluating of FDM printing tools for sheet metal drawing
Authors: Serezhkin M.A. , Grossman M.F.
Published: October 2023

The choice of FDM printing parameters for the production of FDM tools for drawing of cylindrical parts from sheet blanks is studied. The structure of products obtained by FDM printing is considered, the force interaction of FDM tool and billet during drawing is analyzed, the criteria of workability of FDM tool during drawing are determined, the effect of FDM printing parameters on the strength of the manufactured products is evaluated.
Módulo de vivienda emergente por sismos: el muro como componente del sistema constructivo
Authors: Trejo-Pimentel Casandra Andrea , De Hoyos-Martínez Jesús Enrique
Published: October 2023

El fenómeno sísmico en el centro y sur del país es recurrente y regular, el cual es causante de daños de diferente magnitud en las edificaciones y en particular en la vivienda. En este contexto, las afectaciones generadas por el S19 (sismo de septiembre de 2017) que afectó de forma importante el sur del Estado de México y al estado de Morelos. Las afectaciones del sismo propiciaron desalojos de forma importante en las comunidades rurales y pequeñas localidades urbanas, donde los procesos de recuperación fueron muy lentos y costosos para la población de bajos ingresos. Es por ello, que se propone el desarrollar el diseño de un módulo para vivienda emergente, el cual, busca facilitar el diseño apropiado y apropiable con materiales industrializados de polipropileno pallets que permitan su fácil edificación y estructuración, que permitan la edificación y que garanticen la estabilidad estructural con bajos costos y fácil apropiación por la comunidad tendiente al resolver problemas de habitación en situaciones emergentes. 
El método de trabajo para el diseño contempla en un primer momento el análisis del fenómeno sísmico en México, posteriormente se observan los sistemas constructivos base para el diseño del módulo, así como, un breve análisis del material base del diseño de módulo, para finalmente proponer el diseño del módulo, mismo que define establecer los componentes que lo configuran. El artículo forma parte de la investigación con registro ante la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, en la Secretaría de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, con registro 4593/2018/CIP, el cual desarrolla una propuesta de paneles para uso estructural aplicado a la vivienda”.
Investigación en diseño: análisis, reflexiones, y áreas de oportunidad
Authors: Ortiz-Nicolás Juan Carlos
Published: October 2023

Este artículo presenta una revisión del concepto de investigación en diseño, donde se sostiene que las actividades de diseño e investigación no son equivalentes y el punto de encuentro es la investigación en diseño. De igual manera, se muestran los objetivos centrales. Desarrollar investigación por especialistas en diseño requiere habilidades particulares, como las relacionadas a conocimientos de metodología. Se retoma la importancia de participar en conversaciones globales relacionadas al tema, esto considerando la exclusión del norte global en los avances de este campo en América Latina. Finalmente se presentan algunas áreas de oportunidad para su desarrollo a partir de la investigación, entre las que se mencionan: sostenibilidad, educación y pensamiento crítico.
Identificación del patrimonio arquitectónico vernáculo y los lenguajes de patrones arquitectónicos en las comunidades de Nautla, Veracruz
Authors: Morales-Guzmán Carlos César
Published: October 2023

La presente investigación realiza un inventario de patrimonio edificado y catalogación de la arquitectura vernácula de la cuenca baja de río Filobobos, en el municipio de Nautla, Veracruz, una de las comunidades dentro de dicho ayuntamiento, ubicado en Jilcaltepec, el caso de estudio es ejecutado para desarrollar un análisis de lectura original del lenguaje arquitectónico de los primeros asentamientos de la zona, por ello se efectúa una serie de mapeos, donde se localizan la infraestructura que tiene la zona, el cual debe detectar la edificaciones vernáculas del área y cómo se encuentran físicamente. Enseguida se efectúa una ficha donde se relacionan las características de las construcciones vernáculas que se encontraron en los predios, con esto se ubicaran las decodificaciones arquitectónicas que hay en el lugar, así como desarrollar un planteamiento de rescate del patrimonio edificado del sitio. 
Por último, se genera una tabla en donde se catalogan los elementos constructivos que tienen las edificaciones y sus adherencias constructivas, el cual servirá para manejo de restauraciones arquitectónicas.
La regulación de la movilidad ciclista en la Zona Metropolitana Colima-Villa de Álvarez
Authors: Quintero-Barbosa Berenice Saray , Chávez-González Martha Eugenia
Published: October 2023

La movilidad urbana se ha transformado a lo largo de la historia, pero a partir de la industrialización la configuración de las ciudades ha respondido a las necesidades funcionalistas; actualmente es necesario que las prioridades urbanas migren a entornos sostenibles, mediante acciones como la movilidad activa, que no genera contaminantes y favorece la salud pública, la interacción social, la compactación urbana y la seguridad vial. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la regulación de la movilidad activa y verificar si el diseño de las ciclovías favorece o limitan su uso en copresencia de los diversos usuarios de las vías públicas de la Zona Metropolitana Colima-Villa de Álvarez (ZMCVA) para dar seguridad especialmente a quienes utilizan modos activos e identificar las características de la infraestructura ciclista que favorecen su uso en condiciones de seguridad y accesibilidad. La investigación se realizó con un método cualitativo de tipo analítico mediante un estudio comparativo de documentación oficial, observación y entrevistas a diversos actores en torno a la movilidad activa. Se identificaron incongruencias entre la normativa de los municipios de la ZMCVA, conflictos entre los diversos usuarios de las vías públicas por la falta de una cultura vial, desconocimiento de las normas de convivencia vial, falta de un diseño adecuado de las ciclovías, ausencia de señalización y carencia de la autoridad correspondiente, lo que desfavorece la movilidad activa.
Optimización y evaluación del rendimiento térmico y energético de viviendas en climas templados
Authors: Delgado-Ramírez Susana Xiomara , Díaz-Pineda Andrea Lizeth , Chi-Pool Doris Abigail
Published: October 2023

Este estudio presenta una metodología que integra criterios de diseño arquitectónico con enfoque bioclimático e implementa la simulación computacional para la evaluación del rendimiento térmico y energético de viviendas. El caso de estudio es una vivienda unifamiliar de interés social ubicada en Atlixco, Puebla, cuyo diseño se intervino con base en los criterios de la Comisión Nacional de Vivienda (conavi) para clima templado subhúmedo. A través del programa ClimateStudio se realizaron comparaciones en las propiedades de transmitancia térmica de los materiales constructivos de la envolvente y se aplicaron criterios de diseño básicos como la orientación y el tamaño de las ventanas, así como la ventilación natural. Las simulaciones permitieron verificar y evaluar cuantitativamente el ahorro en la intensidad del uso de energía anual: se observó una disminución del 50% en las cargas de climatización y un 30% en las cargas de calefacción, comparando el caso de estudio antes y después de las adecuaciones. El contenido presentado en este artículo es resultado de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje impartidos en las aulas de clase por medio de ejercicios prácticos de diseño arquitectónico y la evaluación de los proyectos mediante simulaciones computacionales. El uso de estos programas de simulación de energía es indispensable durante el proceso educativo y profesional de un arquitecto; hoy, la difusión de estas metodologías y herramientas es de gran relevancia.
Weighted sums method applied for decision making in improvement towards complete street: a case study in Popayan, Colombia
Authors: Albán-Pérez Carlos Andrés , Serrano-Guzmán María Fernanda , Pérez-Ruiz Diego Dario
Published: October 2023

The design of a street must adhere to functionality requirements that ensure the safety and comfort of users. From this perspective, if a street encompasses attributes of safety, inclusivity, sustainability, and resilience, it can be referred to as a complete street. This study presents the application of the weighted sum method for evaluating the conditions of a complete street in the modernization of the road network in Popayán, considering the impact that different alternatives offer to enhance road quality. Prior to implementing this method, a group of experts defined the weight of each attribute of a complete street, and using a compliance checklist, a visual assessment was conducted across four sections in the city. 
The study provides an example of rating a segment within a study section and the economic impact in relation to the benefits of the implemented improvements to achieve complete street functionality. This procedure enables a project manager or public expenditure manager to assess how to enhance the success or integrity of the street before carrying out a public project. The goal of the weighted sum method applied in this scenario is to provide a tool for evaluating the fulfillment of complete street conditions before commencing construction.
The effects of a story-telling approach on sixth-grade pupils' values, attitudes and motivation with regard to studies of the human nervous system
Authors: Sali Hüseyin , Aydin Mirac
Published: October 2023

The current study investigates the effects of instruction with the storytelling approach on sixth-graders’ values, attitudes and motivation in relation to the study of the human nervous system. The instruction consisted of a series of lessons on the human nervous system in which nine stories were included. The study employed a one-group pre-test and post-test design. Twenty-four pupils, all of whom were girls, participated in the study. The Dilemma Cases Form (Inventory), an attitude scale towards science, and a motivation scale for science were administered before and after the intervention. Pre and post-tests were compared using the non-parametric Wilcoxson’s Rank Sum Tests. The results indicated that sixth-graders who were exposed to story-telling as part of the instruction improved their scores on the values and attitudes toward science scales but not those for motivation.  Based on the results, it is argued that the story-telling approach in the unit on the human nervous system could be a good source of enrichment for sixth graders in science education.
Preservice primary teachers’ positions on nuclear power before and after a role play
Authors: Cruz-Lorite Isabel María , Cebrián-Robles Daniel , Acebal-Expósito María del Carmen , Blanco-López Ángel
Published: October 2023

Role-playing games (RPGs) are considered a useful way of addressing socioscientific issues (SSIs) in the science classroom insofar as they allow learners to engage with an issue and possibly change their opinions on it. This study analyses changes in preservice primary teachers (PPTs) personal positions on nuclear energy following participation in an RPG that simulated a televised debate about the proposal to close nuclear power plants in Spain. The 78 PPTs had to state their position on this issue both before and after the RPG, choosing from among the following three options: (i) immediate closure of nuclear plants, (ii) gradual phasing out of nuclear plants or (iii) continuing indefinitely with nuclear plants. The majority of students were initially against the future use of nuclear energy, but almost half changed their position following the RPG. Students' initial personal position and the extent to which this disagreed with the position they had to defend in role were factors related to opinion change, both in terms of its direction (towards a position more in favour of or more against nuclear power) and its magnitude (abrupt: from one extreme position to the other; or moderate: from the intermediate to an extreme position, or vice-versa). The analysis also showed that students' personal position after the RPG tended to be closer to that of the role they had portrayed. These aspects should be borne in mind when designing RPGs to address SSIs in the science classroom.
Science teachers’ perceptions of the cultural factors influencing students’ science learning: comparative analysis of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Yemen
Authors: Alanazi Fayadh Hamed , Ali Khalaf Mustafa , Saleh Alzamil Mohammed , Almufti Abdo Noman M.
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the perceptions of a sample of Arab science teachers pertaining to the cultural factors affecting pupils learning processes in three Arab countries. A randomly sampled group of 169 science teachers from the three countries comprised the participants, Egypt (N=37), Yemen (N=53), and Saudi Arabia (N=79). A questionnaire consisting of 48 items measuring six cultural factors was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA were used to analyse data. Results indicated that teachers in the three countries have a consensus that science is not exclusively an aspect of Western culture. Saudi Teachers’ awareness of the influences of the cultural factors on science education was clearer than that of the Egyptian and the Yemeni teachers. There were significant differences in the nature of science subscale, common everyday scientific knowledge subscale, and classroom science teaching and learning subscale, while there were no significant differences in science, culture and community subscale, science learning subscale, and science and real-life subscale. Scheffe post hoc test indicated that Saudi teachers scored higher than their Yemeni peers in their perceptions of nature of science subscale and common everyday scientific knowledge subscale while Egyptian teachers were more likely than Yemeni teachers to perceive cultural factors affecting classroom science teaching and learning. We concluded that cultural factors could facilitate or debilitate science education in schools. It is vital to increase science teachers' awareness of the role that cultural factors play in facilitating science instruction and learning.
Algorithms to improve the EMIAS system to optimize the routing of adolescents with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Denisova Anita R.
Published: October 2023

Atopic dermatitis is a systemic, chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disease affecting mainly the skin. In recent decades, the incidence of atopic dermatitis has been steadily increasing. The burden of atopic dermatitis in adolescents is particularly severe because they are in a transitional and vulnerable growth phase with associated biological, cognitive, social, and emotional transformations.
Early and correct diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, as well as the identification of adolescents with an uncontrolled course of the disease, will provide an opportunity to select/change therapy, which can lead to remission, preventing the negative effects of the disease. A number of studies have shown that the negative mental health effects of atopic dermatitis on adolescents include an increased risk for depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and behavior disorders, sleep disturbances, and suicidal ideation.
EMIAS is a unified medical information and analytical system, which was created to improve the availability and quality of medical services provided by Moscow public health institutions. The introduction of EMIAS has led to improvements in the healthcare system.
The article proposes validated and simple tools, the integration of which into the EMIAS system, will facilitate the verification of diagnosis and personalized (based on recommendations at the population level) management of adolescents with atopic dermatitis in the outpatient phase by pediatrician and allergist.