bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic delivery of rAAV9‐IκBα stabilized atherosclerotic plaques and attenuated intra-plaque inflammation by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB activation in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice
Authors: Chen Qing-Jie , Liu Fen , Wang Xue-Mei , Xie Jia , Zhao Long , Zhai Hui , Chen Bang-Dang , Ma Yi-Tong , Li Xiao-Mei , Gao Xiao-Ming , Yang Yi-Ning
Published: July 2021

Background: The activated nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in atherosclerotic plaques promotes the progression of atherosclerosis. Targeting of plaque NF-κB may provide a novel strategy for limiting chronic inflammation. This study was conducted to examine the effect of NF-κB inhibition by using recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) to deliver IκBα (AAV9‐IκBα) which can be overexpressed to influence atherosclerosis.Methods and Results: Systemic delivery of AAV9‐IκBα resulted in ~2-fold overexpression of IκBα protein in the atherosclerotic plaques of apolipoprotein E-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. AAV9‐IκBα delivery did not affect the body weight or lipid deposition and plaque size in the mice. During plaque formation, overexpression of IκBα suppressed intra-plaque macrophage infiltration, inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory genes including interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α and matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced the contents of collagen and vascular smooth muscle cells, and decreased the plaque vulnerability index by inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB subunit p65 and its nuclear translocation. Conclusions: Systemic delivery of AAV9-IκBα promotes plaque stability by inhibiting NF-κB activation and suppressing intra-plaque inflammation, suggesting that inhibition of the NF-κB pathway in atherosclerotic plaques is a promising approach for treating atherosclerosis.
Comparing the Fracture Resistance and Modes of Failure in Different Types of CAD/CAM Zirconia Abutments with Internal Hexagonal Implants: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Chang Yu-Tsen , Wu Yu-Ling , Chen Hung-Shyong , Tsai Ming-Hsu , Chang Chia-Chen , Wu Aaron Yu-Jen
Published: July 2021

3 groups of zirconia abutments (n=3) made of different connection design or manufacturers were investigated (All-Zr, ASC-Zr and AM-Zr groups). All-electric dynamic test instrument was used to place static loading on specimen with a crosshead speed set at 1 mm/min. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests (α=.05) were used for statistical evaluation. The mean fracture resistance was 258.21±68.60 N for All-Zr group, 360.55±29.66 N for ASC-Zr group, and 341.45±25.97 N for AM-Zr group. There was no significant difference in fracture resistance between the 3 groups (1-way ANOVA, P = 0.10). The modes of failure among the 3 types of abutments are different. The All-Zr group showed an oblique fracture line starting from the buccal aspect at the region of the implant platform. While in the ASC-Zr group and the AM-Zr group showed a relatively horizontal fracture line with greater distance from implant platform. The titanium inserts cannot significantly improve the fracture resistance of the zirconia abutment. However, they may alter the modes of failure, allowing buccal fracture surfaces of the zirconia abutments to be placed away from the implant platform, thereby protecting the implant-abutment connection.
Impact of Cooling Method on the Outcome of Initial Shockable or Non-Shockable Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients Receiving Target Temperature Management: A Nationwide Multicentre Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Watanabe Makoto , Matsuyama Tasuku , Oe Hikaru , Sasaki Makoto , Nakamura Yuki , Miyamoto Yuki , Okada Nobunaga , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Ohta Bon
Published: July 2021

Background: Little is known about the effectiveness of surface cooling (SC) and endovascular cooling (EC) on the outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients receiving target temperature management (TTM) according to their initial rhythm.Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest registry, a multicentre, prospective nationwide database in Japan. For our analysis, OHCA patients aged ≥ 18 years who were treated with TTM between June 2014 and December 2017 were included. The primary outcome was 30-day survival with favourable neurological outcome defined as a Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance category score of 1 or 2. Cooling methods were divided into the following groups: SC (ice packs, fans, air blankets, and surface gel pads) and EC (endovascular catheters and any dialysis technique). We investigated the efficacy of the two categories of cooling methods in two different patient groups divided according to their initially documented rhythm at the scene (shockable or non-shockable) using multivariable logistic regression analysis and propensity score analysis with inverse probability weighting (IPW).Results: In the final analysis, 1082 patients were included. Of these, 513 (47.4%) had an initial shockable rhythm and 569 (52.6%) had an initial non-shockable rhythm. The proportion of patients with favourable neurological outcomes in SC and EC was 59.9% vs. 58.3% (264/441 vs. 42/72), 11.8% and (58/490) vs. 21.5% (17/79) in the initial shockable patients and the initial non-shockable patients, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, differences between the two cooling methods were not observed among the initial shockable patients (adjusted odd ratio [AOR] 1.45, 95% CI 0.81–2.60), while EC was associated with better neurological outcome among the initial non-shockable patients (AOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.10–4.13). This association was constant in propensity score analysis with IPW (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.83–2.36; OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.01–3.47 among the initial shockable and non-shockable patients, respectively).Conclusion: We demonstrated that the use of EC was associated with better neurological outcomes in OHCA patients with initial non-shockable rhythm, but not in those with initial shockable rhythm. A TTM implementation strategy based on initial rhythm may be important.Trial registration: None
Investigation of 2nd Order Nonlinear Optical Property Semi organic L-Tyrosine Barium Chloride Single Crystal for Photonic applications
Authors: Vivekanandhan R. , Sudhagar G. , Raju K. , Jarin T. , Venkatesan Chithambaram
Published: July 2021

New bulk size single crystals of L-Tyrosine Barium Chloride LTBC have been synthesized from the solution prepared from the blend of tyrosine and barium chloride using slow evaporation solution growth method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows the grown crystal crystallized in orthorhombic system with non-centrosymmetric space group P. Fourier transform infrared spectral studies revealed the orientation of discrete functional group in the grown crystal. The optical absorption studies show the material has largish optical transparency in the total visible region. The band gap energy values were also determined by using the optical studies. SHG efficiency was confirmed by Kurtz Perry powder technique. The thermal stability of LTBC crystals was analyzed by DSC technique. The electrical behavior of the crystal was studied by dielectric method. The SEM image expelled the surface morphology of the grown crystal. The hardness values of crystal were estimated by Vickers micro hardness tester and other such properties show the suitableness of the LTBC crystal for photonic and optoelectronic applications.
circular RNA CircITCH (has-circ-0001141) suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by sponging miR-184
Authors: Guo Xuan , Wang Ziying , Deng Xue , Lu Yantong , Huang Xuhui , Lin Juze , Wang Changjun
Published: July 2021

Background
Aberrant expression of circular RNA(circRNA)is involved in the occurrence of various diseases and tumor development, in which plays a vital role, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the regulation mechanism and biological function of circITCH in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear.
Methods
The expression level of circular RNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ-ITCH) was identified and validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in HCC cell lines. The stability of circITCH was confirmed by Ribonuclease R (RNase R) assay. Subsequently, through silencing and overexpression of circITCH to investigate the functional roles of circITCH in HCC proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. We also carried out bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assays to define the relationship between microRNA (miR)-184 and circITCH.
Results
CircITCH (hsa_circ_0001141) was a stable circRNA and downregulated in HCC cells. Overexpression of circITCH inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in vitro, whereas knockdown of circITCH had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, miR-184 could be sponged by circITCH, and its overexpression could mitigate the suppressive effects of circITCH overexpression on HCC progression. Through biological website to predict the target genes of miR-184 may be combined. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed to investigate mRNAs with significant functional enrichment and pathways, also which its relationship with HCC related pathway and immune cells.
Conclusions
Our findings reveal that circITCH served as a repressor to restrain HCC malignancy via miR-184. Therefore, circITCH may serve as a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for HCC.
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Papua New Guinea (#CCG)
Authors: Allington Lucy , Cannone Carla , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Brown Edward , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Wogan David , Barcelona Edito , Rogner Holger , Cronin Jen
Published: July 2021

Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to energy system modelling, causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Papua New Guinea, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and two stylized scenarios (Fossil Future and Least Cost) for 2020–2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
The Kurdish Emirate of the Jawaniyya in the Region of Abbasid Baghdad (Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries)
Authors: YAZ Arafat
Published: July 2021

This study reveals the prevalence of Kurdish tribal states, political entities, in the vicinity of the Abbasid city of Baghdad. Through a presentation of the lives and contributions of leading Jawani personalities, it is shown that the Kurdish states contributed to the development of early Islam from both the political and religious aspects. The Jawani emirs were involved in most of the Baghdadi region’s dealings with the Abbasid caliphate. They also had dealings with the Buwayhids, Ukaylids, Mazyadids, Annazids, Hasanvayhids, Marwanids and Seljuks. Sometimes, they formed alliances with these states, and sometimes they fought. The Jawani Emirate, one of the powers that determined the fate of the region until 557/ 1161-1162, lost their strong position after the Abbasid caliph expatriated the Mazyadids from al-Hillah. The present writer greatly relies on medieval Islamic sources, such as the scholars Masudi, Ibn al-Jawzi, Sibt Ibn al-Jawzi, İbn al-Athir, al-Dahabi and Ibn Khaldun.
Effect of fecal matter co-digestion with kitchen waste on Hermetia illucens’ larval weight and protein content
Authors: Matheka Rosemary M. , Raude James M. , Murunga Sylvia I. , Riungu Joy N. , Wandera Simon M.
Published: July 2021

Sustainable treatment of fecal matter is a long-standing challenge in sanitation, particularly in developing countries. Although recent developments have seen the evolution of innovative onsite sanitation technologies, the treatment of fecal waste collected still remains a daunting task. This study evaluated the effect of formulated feedstock: fecal matter from urine-diverting dry toilets and kitchen waste (1:0, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, and 0:1) on waste weight reduction, Hermetia illucens’ larval weight gain, and crude protein content during co-digestion. Samples were collected after every 2 days for larval weight determination and protein content analysis using the Kjeldahl method of nitrogen determination. The waste reduction index (WRI) was determined after 50% pupation. The larvae grew on all substrates yielding 32.97–38.6% dry matter (DM) protein content and larval weight ranging from 1.12 to 1.70 g per five larvae. Results indicate that a 1:1 co-digestion ratio resulted in a high WRI (3.61), DM crude protein content (38.6%), and larval weight (1.70 g per five larvae). This study used the circular economy-based approach which provides a win–win situation to sanitation provision and environmental management while realizing products with potential for livelihood improvement.
Türk Müziği Destekli Psikolojik Sağlamlık Programı: Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeyleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Cömert Semanur , Özbey Saide
Published: July 2021

Araştırmanın amacı, Türk Müziği Destekli Psikolojik Sağlamlık Programı’nın okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada ön test-son test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Tokat il merkezinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı ilkokulların anasınıflarına devam eden tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilmiş 48-72 aylık 21 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Program öncesinde çocukların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri ölçülmüş, yapılan analizler sonucunda aralarında anlamlı farklılık olmayan ve puanları birbirine yakın olan biri kontrol iki deney olmak üzere üç grup belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak çocukların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerini ölçmek amacıyla “’Okul Öncesi Çocuklar İçin Sosyal Duygusal İyi Oluş ve Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından uzman görüşleri alınarak son hali verilen bütünleştirilmiş 30 etkinlikten oluşan, ‘’Psikolojik Sağlamlık Programı’’ uygulanmıştır. Bununla birlikte Türk müziği ve okul öncesi eğitimi alanındaki uzmanların görüşleri doğrultusunda 32 Türk müziği eseri belirlenmiştir. Psikolojik sağlamlık programı iki deney grubuna da uygulanmıştır. 2. deney grubunda psikolojik sağlamlık programına Türk müziği eserleri de entegre edilmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise sadece Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Müfredatı uygulanmış başka bir uygulama yapılmamıştır. Türk Müziği Destekli Psikolojik Sağlamlık Programı haftada 5 gün ve 4 hafta süreyle uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan program sonrasında yapılan analizler sonucunda, kontrol grubuna göre ön test ve son test puanlarının her iki deney grubunun lehine anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte Müzikli Deney Grubu ile Müziksiz Deney Grubu’nun son test puanları arasındaki farkın Müzikli Deney Grubu lehine olduğu saptanmıştır. Başka bir ifadeyle çocuklara uygulanan Psikolojik Sağlamlık Programı’nın çocukların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerine anlamlı katkı sağladığı; Türk müziğinin kullanılmasının ise programın etkisini anlamlı düzeyde artırdığı ifade edilebilir.
Ethnomathematics study in calendar system of Baduy tribe
Authors: Arisetyawan Andika , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: July 2021

The aim of this research is to study ethnomathematics in the calendar system of the baduy tribe. The study of ethnomathematics in our research used ethnography methods. We found a unique pattern in baduy calendar that the first day in the previous month + 2 days after the first day of the previous month equals to the first day in the next month, in which,  it is the reason why baduy people who have no mathematical knowledge from the formal school can predict, for an example,  the first day in the next months.
The type of ethnomathematics in fish trading in sapuran market, Wonosobo
Authors: Rachmanto Awal Mulia , Purwoko Riawan Yudi
Published: July 2021

This study aims to reveal the type of ethnomathematics used in the process of counting fish in Sapuran Market, Wonosobo, which can be applied in teaching processes. The method used in this study is the observation of fish trading and interviews with fish traders in Sapuran Market, Wonosobo.  The research findings show that the process of counting fish in the market applies ethnomathematics, including the addition of integer and reduction of the integer. The mathematical concept used in the addition operation is the storing technique, while the reduction operation applies the borrowing technique. The implementation of mathematics teaching using the ethnomathematics approach adopted from the activities of fish counting at Sapuran Market, Wonosobo can help improve students’ understanding of the addition and reduction materials for elementary school.
Aspek matematis dalam tradisi nugal masyarakat Suku Dayak Sebaruk Daerah Jentawang, Ketungau Hilir, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Dian Mariani
Published: July 2021

Nugal adalah tradisi yang dilakukan secara turun temurun oleh suku Dayak Sebaruk, yang tinggal di Kampung Jentawang, Ketungau Hilir, Kalimantan Barat. Nugal dilakukan pada saat pemilik lahan sudah membuka lahannya untuk berladang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali aspek-aspek matematis yang tampak pada ritual adat yang dilakukan ketika hendak nugal sampai pada saat proses nugal di masyarakat suku Dayak tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, yang akan menjelaskan tradisi nugal, mulai dari ritual persiapan hingga pelaksanaannya. Proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara terstruktur, terkait dengan pelaksanaan tradisi ini. Analisis dilakukan melalui reduksi data sehingga diperoleh rangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan pada tradisi nugal serta aspek-aspek matematis yang tampak di dalamnya. Hasil penelitian ini berupa beberapa aspek matematis seperti beberapa contoh pernyataan logika serta pola-pola yang mengarah pada konsep barisan dan deret. Selain itu terdapat pula unsur geometri seperti translasi, refleksi dan menghitung jarak antar titik.Mathematical aspects in the nugal tradition of the Dayak Sebaruk Tribe, Jentawang Region, Ketungau Hilir, West KalimantanAbstractNugal is a tradition carried out by Dayak Tribe from generation to generation. Generally, Nugal was done together with the community where the landlord is staying, after the landlord cleared the land for farming. This study aims to explore the mathematical aspects seen in the Nugal process, as well as the rituals before the process of Nugal. The rituals performed in each region may be different. Therefore, the study limited to the Nugal tradition carried out by the Dayak Sebaruk Tribe, who live in Jentawang Village, Ketungau Hilir, West Kalimantan. The research is descriptive qualitative research, where the tradition will be explained, from the ritual to the method used in the process of Nugal itself. The data collected using the systematic interview, related to the implementation of this tradition in the community. Analysis of the data that has been collected carried out using data reduction, so that it is obtained a series of activities which is conducted in Nugal and the mathematics aspects that appears in it. The results of this study were either in the ritual and the process of Nugal, the mathematics aspects like logic statements and patterns that could be used for bringing the students to the sequences and series concept, was found. The patterns also could be used to bring the students for understanding the geometric concepts like translation, reflection and also for determining the distance of two points
Kemampuan komunikasi matematis tulis siswa Samin dalam memecahkan masalah geometri
Authors: Riyadi Setyo , Noviartati Kurnia , Abidin Zainal
Published: July 2021

Keterampilan komunikasi matematis merupakan salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa Samin dalam menyelesaikan masalah geometri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah anggota masyarakat adat Samin yang duduk di kelas VII SMPN 1 Margomulyo. Tahapan penelitian meliputi persiapan, pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan pembuatan laporan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Tes Kemampuan Matematika (TKM), Tes Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika (TKKM), dan Pedoman Wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan komunikasi matematika tertulis siswa dalam menulis ide matematika (penggunaan model matematika, rumus atau simbol) dengan jelas dan tepat untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah tergolong rendah, Keterampilan komunikasi matematis tertulis siswa dalam menulis alasan jawaban yang diberikan adalah relatif rendah, keterampilan komunikasi matematika tertulis siswa dalam menulis ulang gagasan orang lain dengan menggunakan bahasanya sendiri tergolong sedang, dan keterampilan komunikasi matematika tertulis siswa dalam mengungkapkan kembali ide orang lain diklasifikasikan rendah.Written mathematical communication skills of Samin students in solving geometric problemsAbstractMathematical communication skills are one of the goals of mathematics learning. The purpose of this study is to describe the mathematical communication ability of Samin students in solving geometric problems. The type of this research was a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The research subjects were members of the Samin indigenous people who were in Class VII at SMPN 1 Margomulyo. The stages of the research included preparation, data collection, data analysis, and report making. The research instruments used were the Mathematics Ability Test (TKM), the Mathematical Communication Ability Test (TKKM), and Interview Guidelines. The results show that the students 'written mathematical communication skills in writing mathematical ideas (the use of mathematical models, formulas, or symbols) clearly and precisely to solve a problem were classified as low. The students' written mathematical communication skills in writing the reasons for the answers given were relatively low, students' written mathematical communication skills in re-writing others' ideas using their own language were moderate, and students' written mathematical communication skills in re-expressing other people's ideas were classified as low.
Eksplorasi etnomatematika pada Masjid Jami' Al-Baitul Amien Jember
Authors: Yudianto Erfan , Febriyanti Rizka Amalia , Sunardi Sunardi , Sugiarti Titik , Mutrofin Mutrofin
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk menggali etnomatematika pada bangunan Masjid Jami’ Al-Baitul Amien Jember yang kemudian digunakan sebagai bahan untuk membuat paket tes matematika bagi siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian yaitu tiga observer dan dua narasumber yakni pengurus Yayasan Masjid Jami’ Al-Baitul Amien Jember.  Satu orang merupakan ketua pengurus yang paham tentang sejarah Masjid Jami’ Al-Baitul Amien dan satu orang merupakan satu-satunya pengurus yang mengikuti masa pembangunan sehingga mengerti terhadap struktur bangunan masjid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada bagian-bagian  bangunan Masjid Jami’ Al-Baitul Amien Jember terdapat konsep-konsep matematika. Bagian-bagian bangunan yang dimaksud yaitu kubah masjid, tiang penyangga masjid, lantai dua, dinding pancuran Ruang Wudlu, dan menara masjid. Konsep-konsep matematika yang muncul adalah bangun datar, bangun ruang, kekongruenan, dan refleksi.Ethnomathematics exploration at the Jami 'Al-Baitul Amien Jember MosqueAbstractThe purpose of this research is to explore ethnomathematics at the Jami 'Al-Baitul Amien Jember Mosque building which is then used as material to design mathematics test packages for students. This research was a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach. The data collection methods used were observations and interviews. The research subjects were three observers and two resource persons, namely the management of the Jami 'Al-Baitul Amien Jember Mosque Foundation. One person is the chairman of the committee who understands the history of the Jami 'Al-Baitul Amien Mosque and one person is the only administrator who followed the construction period so that he understands the structure of the mosque building. The results show that the parts of the Jami 'Al-Baitul Amien Jember Mosque have mathematical concepts. The building parts meant are the dome of the mosque, the pillars of the mosque, the second floor, the shower wall of the Wudlu Room, and the mosque tower. Mathematical concepts that emerge are 2D shapes, 3D shapes, congruence, and reflection.
Public Opinion and Sentiment Before and at the Beginning of COVID-19 Vaccinations in Japan: Twitter Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Niu Qian , Liu Junyu , Kato Masaya , Shinohara Yuki , Matsumura Natsuki , Aoyama Tomoki , Nagai-Tanima Momoko
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 vaccines are considered one of the most effective ways for containing the COVID-19 pandemic, but Japan lagged behind other countries in vaccination in the early stages. A deeper understanding of the slow progress of vaccination in Japan can be instructive for COVID-19 booster vaccination and vaccinations during future pandemics.

OBJECTIVE

This retrospective study aims to analyze the slow progress of early-stage vaccination in Japan by exploring opinions and sentiment toward the COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese tweets before and at the beginning of vaccination.

METHODS

We collected 144,101 Japanese tweets containing COVID-19 vaccine-related keywords between August 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021. We visualized the trend of the tweets and sentiments and identified the critical events that may have triggered the surges. Correlations between sentiments and the daily infection, death, and vaccination cases were calculated. The latent dirichlet allocation model was applied to identify topics of negative tweets from the beginning of vaccination. We also conducted an analysis of vaccine brands (Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca) approved in Japan.

RESULTS

The daily number of tweets continued with accelerating growth after the start of large-scale vaccinations in Japan. The sentiments of around 85% of the tweets were neutral, and negative sentiment overwhelmed the positive sentiment in the other tweets. We identified 6 public-concerned topics related to the negative sentiment at the beginning of the vaccination process. Among the vaccines from the 3 manufacturers, the attitude toward Moderna was the most positive, and the attitude toward AstraZeneca was the most negative.

CONCLUSIONS

Negative sentiment toward vaccines dominated positive sentiment in Japan, and the concerns about side effects might have outweighed fears of infection at the beginning of the vaccination process. Topic modeling on negative tweets indicated that the government and policy makers should take prompt actions in building a safe and convenient vaccine reservation and rollout system, which requires both flexibility of the medical care system and the acceleration of digitalization in Japan. The public showed different attitudes toward vaccine brands. Policy makers should provide more evidence about the effectiveness and safety of vaccines and rebut fake news to build vaccine confidence.
Caracterización de las investigaciones de tesis de posgrado en enfermería
Authors: Hernández-Márquez C. , Ojeda-Chacón T. , Torres-Paz P.I. , Arizmendi-Jaime E.
Published: July 2021

Introducción: En la elaboración de tesis de posgrado los estudiantes se acercan a la investigación y adquieren competencias en sus campos disciplinares. El análisis de sus características permite reconocer tendencias respecto a las decisiones para el desarrollo del conocimiento científico e identificar áreas de oportunidad en la generación del conocimiento.

Objetivo: Identificar las características de los trabajos de tesis realizados por egresados de maestría y especialidad en enfermería.

Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, descriptivo. Se analizaron 144 tesis presentadas entre 2013 a 2018, se determinó la correspondencia del tema con la LGAC y programa cursado, el objeto de estudio, metodología utilizada y tipo de estudio realizado.

Resultados: Los temas de la especialidad en administración corresponden 91.7% con administración, los de especialidad en atención al adulto en estado crítico tienen una correspondencia del 86% con la atención integral institucional, en el caso de maestría 51.1% corresponde con temas de cuidado y promoción de la salud. El objeto de estudio predominante fue el actuar enfermero (52.8%), conocimientos de los profesionales (60%) y calidad de atención (32%). 91% utilizó metodología cuantitativa, prevalecieron en 88.9% los estudios observacionales.

Discusión: Los resultados muestran la necesidad de ampliar la formación en investigación de estudiantes y docentes del posgrado en Enfermería.

Conclusión: Los temas abordados en las tesis tienen correspondencia con los objetivos de los programas. La metodología más utilizada fue la cuantitativa y el estudio observacional, con estudios de enfermería centrados en intervenciones para el mejoramiento de los problemas que enfrenta el paciente y los profesionales.
Expectativas y trayectorias educativas postsecundarias de jóvenes de territorios rurales en Chile. Una mirada desde el desarrollo humano
Authors: Castillo-Peña Jorge
Published: July 2021

El artículo analiza la relación entre educación y territorio respecto a las diferencias en las aspiraciones y trayectorias educativas universitarias de los adolescentes de centros educativos urbanos y de zonas rurales, y las estrategias que diseñan estos centros para resolver las carencias de oportunidades en sus territorios. Para ello se toma como marco teórico referencial el enfoque de desarrollo humano y, metodológicamente, el análisis de trayectorias educativas. Los resultados muestran que la expectativa por completar una carrera en la universidad ha aumentado entre los estudiantes rurales, lo que reduce la brecha de expectativas en relación con aquellos de grandes conglomerados urbanos. No obstante, el tránsito hacia ella sigue presentando desigualdades. La migración emerge como la principal estrategia en los territorios rurales, la que es percibida como necesaria, aunque implique un alto costo económico y emocional.
Social support and social commerce purchase intention: The mediating role of social trust
Authors: Liu Xiaoli , Xiang Guopeng , Zhang Lei
Published: July 2021

Social commerce (s-commerce) has risen in popularity primarily owing to social media development. We investigated social support as a predictor of s-commerce purchase intention, and the mediating role of social trust in this relationship. Participants comprised 356 undergraduate students
at five Chinese public universities. Structural equation modeling results indicate that social support had a direct positive effect on s-commerce purchase intention, and that social trust partially mediated this relationship. Our findings shed light on the relationship of social support and
s-commerce purchase intention, and the practical contribution of the findings is that they can assist practitioners to develop better s-commerce strategies.
ISOLAMENTO HOSPITALAR PEDIÁTRICO: práticas e recursos na perspectiva da psicologia
Authors: Pimenta Stéfany Bruna de Brito , Ferreira Sandra de Fátima Barboza , Silva Ana Idalina de Paiva
Published: July 2021

The work’s aim is to identify practices implemented in hospital pediatric isolation in order to reduce psyhcic suffering. It is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study. A source triangulation methodology was used: (BVS-BIREME, PubMed, Google acadêmico and PsycINFO) open interviews with experienced professionals who were active in pediatric hospital services was done; and, an online search was done on techniques to humanize pediatric hospital isolation services. The results indicated scarcity of specialized literature, predominance of qualitative studies and tendency to value resources over relational resources, as well as the existence of practices lacking more scientific evidence. The employment of these practices depends on factors related to the lethality of the pathogen, the child’s age and concernment, the responsivity level, the access to material resources and the health team’s flexibility in regard to pondering about risks/benefits, experimenting with idiosyncratic practices.
Agama dan Kebudayaan Masyarakat Perspektif Clifford Geertz
Authors: Riady Ahmad Sugeng
Published: July 2021

This article starts from the fact that religion and culture are two areas that often trigger pro and contra. On the one hand, there are many figures who clearly define the boundaries between religion and culture, while on the other hand there are also figures who continue to seek formulations of their relationship with the assumption that religion and culture provide mutual support. Clifford Geertz, an anthropologist born in San Francisco, contributed to the idea of religion and culture. This article uses the literature study method. The literature used is books that are supported by journals and previous research that are relevant to the topic the author raises. The result is that Clifford Geertz assesses human culture as a text that needs to be interpreted or thick description. This also applies when studying religious phenomena that occur in the midst of a society which is not only explained but come to the discovery of the meaning of these religious phenomena.

Abstrak

Artikel ini berangkat dari fakta bahwa agama dan kebudayaan sering kali menjadi dua wilayah yang memicu terjadinya pro dan kontra. Di satu sisi ada banyak tokoh yang secara tegas memberi batas antara agama dan kebudayaan, sedangkan di sisi lain ada juga tokoh yang terus mencari formulasi dari relasi keduanya dengan asumsi bahwa, agama dan kebudayaan saling memberi dukungan. Adalah Clifford Geertz, antropolog kelahiran San Fransisco turut memberi kontribusi gagasan mengenai agama dan kebudayaan. Artikel menggunakan kajian literatur. Literatur yang digunakan ialah buku-buku yang ditunjang dengan jurnal dan penelitian terdahulu yang relevan dengan topik yang penulis angkat. Adapun hasilnya ialah Clifford Geertz menilai kebudayaan manusia sebagai sebuah teks yang perlu diinterpretasikan (thick description). Hal ini juga berlaku ketika mengkaji fenomena agama yang terjadi di tengah-tengah masyarakat yang tidak hanya dijelaskan, tapi sampai pada penemuan pemaknaan dari fenomena keagamaan tersebut.
Radiological diagnosis of phimosis in a dog and cat.
Authors: Sutton Ainsley , Turner Robert , Broome Cameron
Published: July 2021

Phimosis in juvenile cats and dogs has been infrequently reported in
veterinary literature. A novel contrast radiographic technique of the
preputial cavity, termed a preputiogram, can be utilized in the
diagnosis and surgical planning of correction of phimosis in dogs and
cats.
Subacute Thyroiditis Following COVID-19 Vaccination
Authors: soltanpoor pardis , Norouzi Ghazal
Published: July 2021

Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory thyroid disease of
post-viral origin; linked with many viruses such as SARS-COVID-2. The
objective of this work is to report a case of SAT associated with
COVID-19 vaccination, in a healthy patient with no history of previous
COVID-19 or upper respiratory tract infection.
: Bilateral complex lactating adenosis: clinical presentation and management in Sudan
Authors: Dafaalla Hatoun , Khougali Hussam , Malassi Yussra
Published: July 2021

lactating adenosis are benign breasts neoplasm usually seen during
pregnancy and lactation. We present a rare case of bilateral complex
benign lactating adenosis in 19 year old female patient presented with
lactating adenosis mimic cancer growth after giving birth.
Histopathology confirm diagnosis and Simple mastectomy was the treatment
of choice.
Dietary niche breadth influences the effects of urbanization on the gut microbiota of sympatric rodents
Authors: Anders Jason , Mychajliw Alexis , Moustafa Mohamed , Mohamed Wessam , Hayakawa Takashi , Nakao Ryo , Koizumi Itsuro
Published: July 2021

Cities are among the most extreme forms of anthropogenic ecosystem
modification and urbanization processes exert profound effects on animal
populations through multiple ecological pathways. Increased access to
human associated food items may alter species’ foraging behavior and
diet, in turn modifying the normal microbial community of the
gastrointestinal tract, ultimately impacting their health. It is crucial
we understand the role of dietary niche breadth and the resulting shift
in the gut microbiota as urban animals navigate novel dietary resources.
We combined stable isotope analysis of hair and microbiome analysis of
four gut regions across the gastrointestinal tract to investigate the
effects of urbanization on the diet and gut microbiota of two sympatric
species of rodent with different dietary niches; the omnivorous large
Japanese field mouse (Apodemus speciosus) and the relatively more
herbivorous grey red-backed vole (Myodes rufocanus). Both species
exhibited an expanded dietary niche width within the urban areas
potentially attributable to novel anthropogenic foods and altered
resource availability. We detected a dietary shift in which urban A.
speciosus consumed more terrestrial animal protein and M. rufocanus more
plant leaves and stems. Such changes in resource use may be associated
with an altered gut microbial community structure. There was an
increased abundance of the presumably probiotic Lactobacillus in the
small intestine of urban A. speciosus and potentially pathogenic
Helicobacter in the colon of M. rufocanus. Together, these results
suggest that even taxonomically similar species may exhibit divergent
responses to urbanization with consequences for the gut microbiota and
broader ecological interactions.
Cerdas de cría a campo abierto en la zona tropical
Authors: Zuluaga Ruiz Oscar Javier , Ocampo Duran Álvaro
Published: July 2021

Se evaluó el comportamiento etológico de seis cerdas de cría (mestizas Landrace x Pietrain) bajo el sistema de producción a campo abierto utilizando una densidad de 450 m2/cerda en las dos temporadas del año (seca y lluviosa), con el objeto de determinar sus características etológicas. Observándose en principio adaptabilidad, reconocimiento, comportamiento individual y grupal, respuesta frente a estímulos de peligro o amenaza, selección de alimento, horas y áreas de descanso, hozado, y zonas sucias o de excreción. También se observó el comportamiento maternal, con el fin de determinar características etológicas en el sistema a campo abierto. Se llevó un registro diario de parámetros medioambientales como temperaturas máximas y mínimas (de 7:00 am a 5:00 pm), así como la precipitación, para determinar el impacto de estas condiciones en las cerdas. La alimentación de los animales se basó en una dieta balanceada elaborada en el mismo sitio, 2 kg/cerda/día y 200 g adicionales por lechón en animales lactantes. El alimento fue suministrado de manera restringida en dos raciones al día (7:30 a.m. y 4:30 p.m.). El manejo reproductivo se fundamentó en el uso de un reproductor comercial (Landrace x Pietran), realizando el servicio una vez se identificaba el celo. Para establecer la diversidad, cobertura y grado de dominancia de las especies vegetales se realizaron aforos. Las acciones de consumo de agua, pastoreo, exploración, descanso, bañarse en la piscina y pelar, fueron altamente influenciadas por la época del año (P<0.001), también se evidenciaron cambios de actividades de los lotes en relación con los cambios de temperatura ambiental registrados. El comportamiento de las cerdas sugiere una interesante capacidad de adaptación a las condiciones de temperatura, precipitación y características del terreno (drenaje), así como al sistema de manejo. Aunque existen coincidencias con los reportes de literatura, se requiere profundizar sobre el comportamiento animal en las condiciones de la Orinoquia y su dinámica de precipitación, radiación solar y temperatura ambiental, para el diseño de instalaciones apropiadas que garanticen condiciones de confort y estrategias de manejo.
Sistemas productivos agroecológicos
Authors: Roa Vega María Ligia
Published: July 2021

La agroecología es una disciplina que provee las bases científicas y metodológicas para estudiar, manejar y evaluar agroecosistemas de una manera holística, la cual ha emergido como una opción tecnológica válida para el manejo de los recursos naturales puesto que, entre otras cosas, incorpora acciones sociales colectivas de carácter participativo, permitiendo el diseño de sistemas agropecuarios sostenibles como pilar de desarrollo que apunta al fundamento de la crisis ecológica y social de la producción campesina e industrial-capitalista en la región. En ese sentido, la agroecología no solo se centra en los cultivos y animales sino en la sostenibilidad ecológica, socioeconómica y cultural del sistema de producción. Además de suministrar una base científica para alcanzar una productividad sostenible, la agroecología enfatiza la capacidad de las comunidades locales para innovar, evaluar, y adaptarse a condiciones heterogéneas extremas, a través de métodos de investigación participativa y de extensión campesino a campesino. Las tecnologías agroecológicas enfatizan en la diversidad, la sinergia, el reciclaje e integración, y en los procesos sociales para que valoren la participación de la comunidad, que es el recurso humano clave, como piedra angular de cualquier estrategia que apunte a aumentar las opciones de la participación de población rural, sobre todo productores de escasos recursos. El enfoque de campesino a campesino es justamente, un aspecto de relevancia a tener en cuenta en la propuesta del pensamiento agroecológico, atendiendo por supuesto a la inclusión de profesionales técnicos como facilitadores del proceso, quienes en principio deben comprender la complejidad del sistema agropecuario y sus interrelaciones antropológicas, sociales, económicas, políticas y ecosistémicas, para apoyar efectivamente los procesos de generación y transferencia de conocimientos. En conclusión, los diseños agroecológicos son propios en contexto local y tiene sus particularidades desde cada dimensión de la sostenibilidad entre los cuales se consideran aspectos: Culturales, ecológicos, políticos, productivos y económicos, entre otros; de esta manera, se define que los diseños agroecológicos se construyen a partir del análisis de contexto y de las necesidades puntuales existentes por los productores (sociocultural) quienes son los responsables y dolientes directos de los procesos agropecuarios en cada región.
Digestibilidad in vivo en cuyes alimentados con cuatro variedades de Brachiaria spp
Authors: Velásquez Rivera Liseth Liliana , Monsalve Sánchez Madeleini , Ríos Jaimes Jorge Alberto , Roa Vega María Ligia
Published: July 2021

El desarrollo en la producción del cuy (Cavia porcellus), como fuente alternativa de proteína para la población, es una iniciativa que ha venido tomando fuerza en Colombia; teniendo en cuenta que las especies gramíneas del género Braquiaria, representan una fuente de fibra y energía para el trópico, su inclusión en dietas para cuyes es limitada por la escasa información disponible sobre su valor nutritivo y su aprovechamiento digestivo en estos animales, por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el valor nutricional y los coeficientes de digestibilidad de la materia seca (MS), proteína cruda (PC), grasa (GR) y fibra cruda (FC), y estimar el extracto no nitrogenado (ENN), porcentaje de nutrientes digestible totales (NDT), energía (Mcal/kg MS) bruta (EB), digestible (ED) y metabólica (EM). Los forrajes utilizados y tratamientos fueron: Brachiaria hibrido cv. mulato (T1), Brachiaria decumbens cv amargo (T2), Brachiaria brizantha cv. toledo (T3) y Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandú (T4). Para el experimento se emplearon doce cuyes machos criollos, con un peso promedio de 778 ± 10 g, instalados en jaulas metabólicas, distribuidos en un diseño completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos, cuatro especies de Braquiaria y tres replicas cada uno. Se pesó la cantidad de forraje consumido ad libitum, y también se recolectaron y pesaron las heces durante seis días, para posteriormente analizarlas en el laboratorio, con el fin de estimar sus coeficientes de digestibilidad y la distribución de la energía. Los coeficientes de digestibilidad de MS fueron superiores (P<0.05) para pasto amargo y marandú (0.80 y 0.88). Así mismo, los coeficientes de digestibilidad de la PC, GR, FC, ENN y EB fueron superiores (P<0.05) para estos mismos forrajes, observándose, el mayor coeficiente en la PC del pasto marandú (0.90) y el más bajo en la FC del pasto toledo (0.66). El pasto amargo fue el forraje mejor aprovechado por los cuyes, debido a una menor energía fecal (EF) desperdiciada (15.5%), dejando mayor disponibilidad de energía para las funciones metabólicas en comparación con los otros forrajes, siendo su EF del 25.4, 21.4 y 22.6% para el pasto mulato, toledo y marandú respectivamente. La energía digestible y metabólica fue mayor en pasto amargo a pesar de su menor contenido PC (6%) en comparación con el marandú (7.8%).