bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cell cycle-dependent binding between Cyclin B1 and Cdk1 revealed by time-resolved fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Barbiero Martina , Cirillo Luca , Veerapathiran Sapthaswaran , Coates Catherine , Ruffilli Camilla , Pines Jonathon
Published: June 2022

Measuring the dynamics with which the regulatory complexes assemble and disassemble is a crucial barrier to our understanding of how the cell cycle is controlled that until now has been difficult to address. This considerable gap in our understanding is due to the difficulty of reconciling biochemical assays with single cell-based techniques, but recent advances in microscopy and gene editing techniques now enable the measurement of the kinetics of protein–protein interaction in living cells. Here, we apply fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy to study the dynamics of the cell cycle machinery, beginning with Cyclin B1 and its binding to its partner kinase Cdk1 that together form the major mitotic kinase. Although Cyclin B1 and Cdk1 are known to bind with high affinity, our results reveal that in living cells there is a pool of Cyclin B1 that is not bound to Cdk1. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the affinity of Cyclin B1 for Cdk1 increases during the cell cycle, indicating that the assembly of the complex is a regulated step. Our work lays the groundwork for studying the kinetics of protein complex assembly and disassembly during the cell cycle in living cells.
The RNA virome of echinoderms
Authors: Jackson Elliot W. , Wilhelm Roland C. , Buckley Daniel H. , Hewson Ian
Published: June 2022

Echinoderms are a phylum of marine invertebrates that include model organisms, keystone species, and animals commercially harvested for seafood. Despite their scientific, ecological, and economic importance, there is little known about the diversity of RNA viruses that infect echinoderms compared to other invertebrates. We screened over 900 transcriptomes and viral metagenomes to characterize the RNA virome of 38 echinoderm species from all five classes (Crinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea and Echinoidea). We identified 347 viral genome fragments that were classified to genera and families within nine viral orders - Picornavirales, Durnavirales, Martellivirales, Nodamuvirales, Reovirales, Amarillovirales, Ghabrivirales, Mononegavirales, and Hepelivirales. We compared the relative viral representation across three life stages (embryo, larvae, adult) and characterized the gene content of contigs which encoded complete or near-complete genomes. The proportion of viral reads in a given transcriptome was not found to significantly differ between life stages though the majority of viral contigs were discovered from transcriptomes of adult tissue. This study illuminates the biodiversity of RNA viruses from echinoderms, revealing the occurrence of viral groups in natural populations.
Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in mcr-carrying ESBL-producing Escherichia coli from pigs and humans
Authors: Pungpian Chanika , Angkititrakul Sunpetch , Chuanchuen Rungtip
Published: June 2022

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted to characterize mcr-carrying extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing

Escherichia coli

(n=7). These

E. coli

isolates originated from two pigs (TH2 and TH3) and two humans (TH8 and TH9) from Thailand, and three pigs from Lao PDR (LA1, LA2 and LA3). Four

E. coli

sequence types/serotypes – ST6833/H20 (TH2 and TH3), ST48/O160:H40 (TH8 and TH9), ST5708/H45 (LA1) and ST10562/O148:H30 (LA2 and LA3) – were identified. The plasmid replicon type IncF was identified in all isolates. The point mutations Ser31Thr in PmrA and His2Arg in PmrB were found concurrently in all isolates (colistin MIC=4–8 µg ml−1). LA1 contained up to five point mutations in PmrB, and the colistin MIC was not significantly different from that for the other isolates. All mcr-1.1 was located in the ISApl1-mcr-1-pap2 element, while all mcr-3.1 was located in the TnAs2-mcr-3.1-dgkA-ISKpn40 element. The mcr-3.1 and bla
CTX-M-55 genes were co-localized on the same plasmid, which concurrently contained cml, qnrS1 and tmrB. The bla
CTX-M-55 and mcr-3.1 genes were located on conjugative plasmids and could be transferred horizontally under selective pressure from ampicillin or colistin. In conclusion, comprehensive insights into the genomic information of ESBL-producing

E. coli

harbouring mcr were obtained. As mcr-carrying ESBL-producing

E. coli

were detected in pigs and humans, a holistic and multisectoral One Health approach is required to contain antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Precision 1070 nm Ultrafast Laser-induced Photothrombosis (PLP) of Depth-targeted Vessels in vivo
Authors: Zhu Liang , Wang Mengqi , Fu Peng , Liu Yin , Zhang Hequn , Roe Anna Wang , Xi Wang
Published: June 2022

The cerebrovasculature plays an essential role in neurovascular and homeostatic functions in health and disease conditions. Many efforts have been made for developing vascular thrombosis methods to study vascular dysfunction in vivo, while technical challenges remain, such as accuracy and depth-selectivity to target single vessel in the cerebral cortex. Herein, we first demonstrates the evaluation and quantification of the feasibility and effects of Rose Bengal (RB)-induced photothrombosis with 720-1070 nm ultrafast lasers in raster scan. A flexible and reproducible approach is then proposed to employ a 1070 nm ultrafast laser with spiral scan for producing RB-induced occlusion, which is described as precision ultrafast laser-induced photothrombosis (PLP). Combine with two-photon microscopy imaging, this PLP displays highly precise and fast occlusion induction of various vessel types, sizes, and depths, which enhances the precision and power of the photothrombosis protocol. Overall, the PLP method provides a real-time, practical, precise, and depth-selected single-vessel photothrombosis technology in cerebral cortex with commercially available optical equipment, which is crucial for exploring brain vascular function with high spatial temporal resolution in brain.
Cortical time-course of evidence accumulation during semantic processing
Authors: Ghazaryan Gayane , van Vliet Marijn , Lammi Lotta , Lindh-Knuutila Tiina , Kivisaari Sasa , Hultén Annika , Salmelin Riitta
Published: June 2022

Our understanding of the surrounding world and communication with other people are tied to mental representations of concepts. In order for the brain to recognize an object, it must determine which concept to access based on information available from sensory inputs. In this study, we combine magnetoencephalography and machine learning to investigate how concepts are represented and accessed in the brain over time. Using brain responses from a silent picture naming task, we track the dynamics of semantic processing, and show that the brain gradually accumulates semantic information before eventually reaching a plateau. The timing of this plateau point varies across individuals, indicating differences in the temporal domain of semantic processing, a new dimension of individual variability in the faculty of language.
PRPF31 interacts with PRPH2 confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization
Authors: Xiao Xiaoqiang , Ling Fangyi , Chen Chongbo , Liang Jiajian , Cao Yingjie , Xu Yanxuan , Chen Haoyu
Published: June 2022

Purpose

To investigate the potential interaction between PRPF31 and PRPH2.

Methods

HEK293T and human retinal pigment epithelial cells 19 (APRE-19) were used for our experiments. eGFP and mCherry reporter expression vectors were constructed for PRPF31 and PRPH2, respectively. Immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were used for gene expression validation and protein interaction. Immunofluorescence staining assay was used to test the co-localization analysis of PRPF31 and PRPH2.

Results

PRPF31-eGFP and PRPH2-mcherry were highly expressed in HEK293T and APRE-19 cells on fluorescence microscopy and western blot. Co-IP experiments showed that PRPF31 could be pulled down with an anti-PRPH2 antibody. There was co-localization between PRPF31 and PRPH2 in HEK293T, APRE-19 and mouse retina.

Conclusion

Co-IP and co-localization experiments suggest that PRPF31 interacted with PRPH2.
The mitochondrial genome of the red icefish (Channichthys rugosus) casts doubt on its species status
Authors: Muschick Moritz , Nikolaeva Ekaterina , Rüber Lukas , Matschiner Michael
Published: June 2022

Antarctic notothenioid fishes are recognized as one of the rare examples of adaptive radiation in the marine system. Withstanding the freezing temperatures of Antarctic waters, these fishes have diversified into over 100 species within no more than 10-20 million years. However, the exact species richness of the radiation remains contested. In the genus Channichthys, between one and nine species are recognized by different authors. To resolve the number of Channichthys species, genetic information would be highly valuable; however, so far, only sequences of a single species, C. rhinoceratus, are available. Here, we present the nearly complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of C. rugosus, obtained from a formalin-fixed museum specimen sampled in 1974. This sequence differs from the mitochondrial genome of C. rhinoceratus in no more than 27 positions, suggesting that the two species may be synonymous.
Aspartate reduces liver inflammation and fibrosis by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway via upregulating NS3TP1 expression
Authors: Zhou Li , Zhao Jing , Han Ming , Liu Shunai , Yuan Xiaoxue , Ma Anlin , Yang Song , Zeng Yilan , Cheng Jun
Published: June 2022

Aspartate (Asp) can act on liver Kupffer cells, inhibit NOD-like receptor-P 3 (NLRP3) inflammatory bodies, and improve liver inflammation in acute hepatitis. However, the effect of Asp on the role of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in chronic liver injury remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Asp on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice and HSCs via the NF-κB/ NLRP3 signaling pathway. Liver fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6J mice by intraperitoneally (IP) injecting 0.5 mL/kg 2% CCl4 three times weekly for 8 weeks. Asp was administered to mice by gavage once every morning for 4 weeks. Masson’s trichrome staining, Sirius red staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to detect and analyze the pathological changes in liver tissues. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were applied to determine the protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen III (COL III), NLRP3, and IL-1β. Also, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression levels. In the liver fibrosis model, the pathological changes in liver tissues improved following treatment with Asp. A marked decrease was observed in protein and mRNA expression levels of α-SMA, COL III, NLRP3, and IL-1β. In addition, HSCs were treated with Asp. The expression levels of α-SMA, COL III, NLRP3, and IL-1β reduced in dose- and time-dependent manners. Furthermore, Asp upregulated the expression of NS3TP1 in vivo and in vitro, and NS3TP1 had a significant inhibitory effect on liver fibrosis. Asp attenuated liver fibrosis and reduced collagen production by suppressing the NF-κB/ NLRP3 signaling pathway via upregulating the expression of NS3TP1.
A data model for integrating BIM and blockchain to enable a single source of truth for the construction supply chain data delivery
Authors: Hijazi Amer A. , Perera Srinath , Calheiros Rodrigo N. , Alashwal Ali
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Despite a large amount of BIM data at the handover stage, it is still difficult to identify and effectively isolate valuable construction supply chain (CSC) data that need to be reliably handed over for operation. Moreover, the role of reconciling disparate data is usually played by one party. The integration of blockchain and BIM is a plausible framework for building a reliable digital asset lifecycle. This paper proposes a BIM single source of truth (BIMSSoT) data model using blockchain for ensuring a reliable CSC data delivery.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper utilises a blended methodology, the foundation of which is ingrained in business and management research with elements of information and communication technology (ICT) research wherever required. Knowledge elicitation case studies utilising novel interventions such as a data flow diagram (DFD), taxonomy and entity-relationship diagram (ERD) were used in this paper to develop the BIMSSoT data model. The model was validated using an expert forum, and its technological feasibility was established by developing a proof of concept.

Findings

The practical contribution of this research leads to the progression of BIM towards digital engineering to go beyond object-based 3D modelling by building structured and reliable datasets, transitioning from project-centric records to a digital ecosystem of linked databases by utilizing blockchain's potential for ensuring trusted data.

Originality/value

To the best of the author's knowledge, prior to this paper, no research had investigated a detailed data model development leveraging blockchain and BIM to integrate an immutable and complete record of CSC data as another dimension of BIM for operations.
Stakeholders prioritization of key performance indicators on public and private tertiary educational projects in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Olatunde Nathaniel Ayinde , Fidelis Idienumah Monday , Awodele Imoleayo Abraham , Adebayo Bosede Olajumoke
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The study assessed the stakeholders prioritization of key performance indicators (KPIs) on public and private tertiary educational projects in Osun State, Nigeria intending to enhance their performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used a total enumeration survey to purposively select built environment professionals working in the Physical Planning and Development Unit (PPDU) and procurement units of 17 tertiary educational institutions (7public and 10 private) in Osun State Nigeria for data collection. A quantitative research approach was adopted for the study using a questionnaire. A total of 102 questionnaires were retrieved from the respondents and used for analysis. Analysis of data was done using frequency, percentile, mean score (MS), Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, t-test, and Analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Findings

The study found that in the overall opinion of the respondents the most prioritized KPIs for tertiary educational projects are for the project to meet specifications (MS = 4.17), the project must be on time (MS = 4.01), and efficient use of resources (MS = 3.96). The important KPIs for the public tertiary educational projects is that the project should meet specifications (MS = 4.08), deliver the projects on time (MS = 3.96), and be under cost (MS = 3.84). While, the most prioritized KPIs for private tertiary educational projects are for the project to meet specifications (MS = 4.25), efficient use of resources (MS = 4.14), on time, and doing the right thing (effectiveness) (MS = 4.06) each. More findings indicated that there is no significant difference in the manner built environment professionals prioritized KPIs. However, there is only a 7% significant difference in the manner professionals working in the public and private tertiary educational institutions in Nigeria ranked KPIs.

Practical implications

There is a significant difference in the ways and manner built environment professionals working with the public and private tertiary educational institutions in Nigeria view resource utilization on their projects. As such, working environment either as public or private has a significant impact on resource utilization for tertiary educational construction projects.

Originality/value

The study compared opinions of professionals working with public and private tertiary educational institutions on KPIs to enhance project performance.
Socially responsible operations in the Industry 4.0 era: post-COVID-19 technology adoption and perspectives on future research
Authors: Asokan Deepak Ram , Huq Fahian Anisul , Smith Christopher M. , Stevenson Mark
Published: June 2022

Purpose

As focal firms in supply networks reflect on their experiences of the pandemic and begin to rethink their operations and supply chains, there is a significant opportunity to leverage digital technological advances to enhance socially responsible operations performance (SROP). This paper develops a novel framework for exploring the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies for improving SROP. It highlights current best-practice examples and presents future research pathways.

Design/methodology/approach

This viewpoint paper argues how Industry 4.0 technology adoption can enable effective SROP in the post-COVID-19 era. Academic articles, relevant grey literature, and insights from industry experts are used to support the development of the framework.

Findings

Seven technologies are identified that bring transformational capabilities to SROP, i.e. big data analytics, digital twins, augmented reality, blockchain, 3D printing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. It is demonstrated how these technologies can help to improve three sub-themes of organisational social performance (employment practices, health and safety, and business practices) and three sub-themes of community social performance (quality of life and social welfare, social governance, and economic welfare and growth).

Research limitations/implications

A research agenda is outlined at the intersection of Industry 4.0 and SROP through the six sub-themes of organisational and community social performance. Further, these are connected through three overarching research agendas: “Trust through Technology”, “Responsible Relationships” and “Freedom through Flexibility”.

Practical implications

Organisational agendas for Industry 4.0 and social responsibility can be complementary. The framework provides insights into how Industry 4.0 technologies can help firms achieve long-term post-COVID-19 recovery, with an emphasis on SROP. This can offer firms competitive advantage in the “new normal” by helping them build back better.

Social implications

People and communities should be at the heart of decisions about rethinking operations and supply chains. This paper expresses a view on what it entails for organisations to be responsible for the supply chain-wide social wellbeing of employees and the wider community they operate in, and how they can use technology to embed social responsibility in their operations and supply chains.

Originality/value

Contributes to the limited understanding of how Industry 4.0 technologies can lead to socially responsible transformations. A novel framework integrating SROP and Industry 4.0 is presented.
Redesigning global supply chains during compounding geopolitical disruptions: the role of supply chain logics
Authors: Roscoe Samuel , Aktas Emel , Petersen Kenneth J. , Skipworth Heather Dawn , Handfield Robert B. , Habib Farooq
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Why do managers redesign global supply chains in a particular manner when faced with compounding geopolitical disruptions? In answering this research question, this study identifies a constrained system of reasoning (decision-making logic) employed by managers when they redesign their supply chains in situations of heightened uncertainty.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted 40 elite interviews with senior supply chain executives in 28 companies across nine industries from November 2019 to June 2020, when the UK was preparing to leave the European Union, the US–China trade war was escalating, and Covid-19 was spreading rapidly around the globe.

Findings

When redesigning global supply chains, the authors find that managerial decision-making logic is constrained by three distinct environmental ecosystem conditions: (1) the perceived intensity of institutional pressures; (2) the relative mobility of suppliers and supply chain assets; and (3) the perceived severity of the potential disruption risk. Intense government pressure and persistent geopolitical risk tend to impact firms in the same industry, resulting in similar approaches to decision-making regarding supply chain design. However, where suppliers are relatively immobile and supply chain assets are relatively fixed, a dominant logic is consistently present.

Originality/value

Building on an institutional logics perspective, this study finds that managerial decision-making under heightened uncertainty is not solely guided by institutional pressures but also by perceptions of the severity of risk related to potential supply chain disruption and the immobility of supply chain assets. These findings support the theoretical development of a novel construct that the authors term ‘supply chain logics’. Finally, this study provides a decision-making framework for Senior Executives competing in an increasingly complex and unstable business environment.
Grace, place and space: fostering employee technological innovation in the new normal
Authors: Burleson James , Greenbaum Bruce E. , Thatcher Jason Bennett
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The ongoing shift to telework has brought about tremendous opportunities for employees to reimagine their use of technology. Opportunities abound for both discovering new technologies and new uses of existing technologies. However, opportunity alone is not enough to turn ideas into action. This opinion paper aims to identify grace, place and space as key concepts that can help managers navigate challenges and opportunities for technological innovation posed by telework.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors provide a concise review of related research and events that inform the selection of conditions necessary to foster employee technological innovation.

Findings

The authors identify three primary conditions necessary to foster employee technological innovation – grace, place and space. “Grace” refers to employee autonomy, “place” refers to networking and “space” refers to a reduction of overload. While telework may create opportunities for innovation, it also presents difficulties. Therefore, for each condition, the authors discuss inherent tensions and advise managers regarding how they can resolve those tensions and bring about innovation with a decentralized workforce.

Originality/value

The authors situate the discussion on facilitating conditions that foster employee technological innovation in today's current environment, one in which a rapid expansion of telework among employees is creating difficulties for managers. This paper addresses the “new normal” that managers will face for the foreseeable future.
Implementation of new segments in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Clarke Ann Højbjerg , Freytag Per Vagn
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Successful segmentation and implementation are crucial for firms. This paper aims to focus on what areas small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) consider when implementing new target segments in the organization. If firms do not understand the potential complexity and plan for implementation, they risk overlooking important areas that cause organizational resistance and failure in the market.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper builds on a literature study and five SME case studies based on 44 interviews and 10 intervention workshops.

Findings

The authors identify key areas of change that SMEs consider when planning to implement segments in the organization, including marketing strategy and plans, organizational aspects and implementation processes. Organization changes and sales plays are key considerations among SME managers. The authors further identify four categories characterized by different degrees of marketing and organizational changes that SMEs face when implementing new target segments, reflecting SMEs former choices.

Research limitations/implications

This research is based on interviews and workshops that bring managers into a situation where they can evaluate needed changes to implement segments. The managers can express the complexity and the effect of the implementation.

Practical implications

This paper presents considerations and insights derived from SMEs and discusses how firms can be better equipped to implement new segments.

Originality/value

This paper offers new insights and directions for segmentation literature, focusing on implementation and proposing how to advance the segmentation literature.
How entrepreneurs' dual narcissism affects new venture growth: the roles of personal initiative and learning from entrepreneurial failure
Authors: Wang Hongxin , Zheng Chundong , Wu Wenqing , Sui Fanhui
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Based on a personality-behavior-outcome framework, this study analyzes how entrepreneurs' dual narcissism (i.e. narcissistic admiration and rivalry) affects new venture growth (NVG) through learning from entrepreneurial failure (LFEF) and discusses the moderating effect of personal initiative on the relationship between dual narcissism and LFEF.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 294 entrepreneurs from different cities and industries in China were selected as the research sample. The mediation effect was examined using the PROCESS macro, and the moderation effect was tested via hierarchical regression analysis.

Findings

This study found that narcissistic admiration positively affected NVG, while narcissistic rivalry had the opposite effect. LFEF mediated the relationships between narcissistic admiration/rivalry and NVG. In addition, the effects of narcissistic admiration and rivalry on LFEF were moderated by personal initiative.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that entrepreneurs with narcissistic rivalry should deliberately regulate their cognition of failure and strengthen their learning from failure. Moreover, entrepreneurship education mentors should emphasize cultivating and guiding entrepreneurs' personal initiative in the context of frustration education. In addition, venture capitalists can consider incorporating the personality traits (i.e. dual narcissism and personal initiative) of entrepreneurs into the investment decision-making index system.

Originality/value

This study advances the relationship between narcissism and performance through the perspective of dual narcissism and provides a learning theory perspective for analyzing the narcissism–performance relationship. Moreover, by exploring the moderating role of personal initiative, this study enriches the understanding of the conditional factor that affects the ability to learn from failure.
Mechanical properties assessment of a 3D printed composite under torsional and perpendicular stress
Authors: Lovo João Fiore Parreira , Gerlin Neto Vicente , Piedade Lucas Pereira , Massa Renan Cesar , Pintão Carlos Alberto , Foschini Cesar Renato , Fortulan Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to evaluate the resin infiltration influence on the mechanical properties of components 3D printed by the material extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM), also known as fused deposition modeling and commonly uses the acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as depositing material. Improvements in their mechanical properties are desirable due failure resulting from the extrusion process. In this way, resin infiltration is considered a candidate solution to enhance 3D printed components’ strength.

Design/methodology/approach

The mechanical properties of AM samples produced with and without the resin infiltration were assessed under torsion, tensile and flexural stresses. Torsional tests are rarely found applied for this case, an alternative torsion test developed by one of the authors was used. The torsion modulus (G) is obtained without the Poisson’s ratio, which is usually unknown for recently made composites. Scanning electron microscopy was also done to verify the resin infiltration on the samples.

Findings

Results demonstrated that the resin infiltration on ABS can improve the mechanical properties of samples compared to non-infiltrated. The tensile and bending strength increased more than 6%. Both Young’s and torsion modulus also presented a significant increase. The samples did not present any considerable change in their weight property.

Originality/value

This paper discusses on resin infiltration on print ABS, as to produce a composite material, enhancing ABS properties without gaining weight. This paper also used the torsion modulus instead of the common approach of bringing only tensile and flexure strength.
Intention to stay and happiness: a moderated mediation model of work engagement and hope
Authors: Bellamkonda Neha , Pattusamy Murugan
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Drawing from the self-determination theory (SDT) model of work motivation (Gagné and Deci, 2005), the paper aims to examine the relationship between employee intention to stay and happiness through work engagement and analyses how hope acts as a boundary condition in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study a survey was conducted among the individuals working in the Information Technology (IT) and Information Technology Enable Services (ITeS) sector across India. The data were assessed through PROCESS v.3.3 macros in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Findings

The moderated mediation results from 256 responses reveal that the intention to stay is positively related to happiness and that this relationship is mediated by work engagement. The indirect effect of intention to stay on happiness is seen to be strengthened by hope, thus substantiating the moderated mediation hypothesis.

Practical implications

The empirical insights will be valuable for managers and organisations in the IT/ITES sectors around the globe. Happy employees are productive employees, and practitioners should focus on creating a positive environment.

Originality/value

This study aids in understanding the outcomes of intention to stay and moderating the role of hope between intention to stay and work engagement. It highlights how the positive construct of intention to stay and the negative construct of intention to quit, while essentially different, also appear to be two sides of the same coin. If an employee has decided to quit, it would be futile to bear further costs on them, whereas, if they intend to stay, they are unlikely to engage in deviant behaviours.
Donne in the Vineyards: Italian‐American Women in the California Wine Industry
Authors: Pinna Pietro
Published: June 2022

This article analyses the participation of Italian‐American women in the California wine industry, paying attention to the interactions between gender and ethnicity. Italian‐American women contributed to the birth and the development of family‐run companies, but their role in wineries was often invisible, as it was regarded as mere support for male business owners, and their power was limited. The work of Italian‐American women did not represent a model of individual emancipation from the family, but carried out a social function of conservation which made it possible for family businesses to thrive. After the Second World War, women such as Rosa Mondavi and Sylvia Sebastiani reinvented their own roles to fit within the models of femininity imposed on the middle class, gaining control over their family businesses and contributing to Italian‐Californian wine culture.
Rheological properties of polysaccharides from Pholiota nameko with different temperature extraction: Concentration, pH, temperature, and saltion
Authors: Geng Xue‐Qing , Liu Chun‐Yu , Wang Liu‐Ya , Jiang Wei , Liu Xiao‐Cui , Zhu Zhen‐Yuan
Published: June 2022

Cold and hot water extracted polysaccharides (CW‐PNPs and HW‐PNPs) were isolated from Pholiota nameko. The rheological properties of PNPs were investigated by steady shear and oscillatory rheological measurements. The PNPs exhibited typical non‐Newtonian and shear‐thinning behavior, which are affected by PNP concentration, temperature, pH value, salt ion, and concentration. Specifically, the apparent viscosity of the two PNPs solutions at concentration of 1% (w/w) was shown as HW‐PNPs > CW‐PNPs. The apparent viscosity of PNPs decreases under acidic and alkaline conditions and when the temperature rises; K+ and Na+ cause the apparent viscosity of CW‐PNPs to decrease, while Ca2+ and Al3+ are opposite. The addition of four different salt ions all caused the apparent viscosity of the HW‐PNPs to decrease. The results of dynamic rheological experiments show that G′ and G″ showed slightly frequency dependency with G′ exceeding G″ throughout the accessible range of frequency for CW‐PNPs and HW‐PNPs.
Transforming Institutions to Connect Land and Water for Healthy Communities
Authors: Endter‐Wada Joanna , Sternlieb Faith , Welsh Lisa W. , Suedel Burton C. , Madeley Michelle , Boling Edward , Smith Michael D. , Corcelli Leslie , King Jeffrey K.
Published: June 2022

Interconnected global environmental and societal risks threaten the health of human and ecological communities. Institutions are avenues through which people can mobilize to respond, but institutional landscapes are fragmented. We focus on the need for institutional change in environmental management and water services to better connect land and water in the United States. Using a historical institutionalist approach and insights from sustainability transitions research, we analyze four diverse examples of connecting land and water occurring across public and private institutions where people are putting innovative perspectives and principles into practice: National Environmental Policy Act, Engineering with Nature®; Water Utilities as Anchor Institutions, and Growing Water Smart. Comparative analysis of these examples focuses on the particular risks these institutions are responding to, how each connects land and water to promote healthy communities, the institutional transformations that are occurring, how problems are being reframed, how leadership and mobilization are driving change, what tools help bridge multiple boundaries, and what new ways of knowing and action strategies are emerging. Our examples focus on transformations within and between institutions in recognition of their importance for driving larger system change. Findings reinforce previous research on the critical role of human agency and boundary spanning in facilitating and steering sustainability transitions.
Lower hand grip in rheumatoid arthritis patients is associated with low finite element analysis using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography scan of the 2nd metacarpophalangeal joint
Authors: Figueiredo Camille Pinto , Perez Mariana Ortega , Sales Lucas Peixoto , Domiciano Diogo Souza , Sampaio‐Barros Marília M. , Caparbo Valeria de Falco , Pereira Rosa Maria Rodrigues
Published: June 2022

Aim

To evaluate hand function by hand grip test in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and its association with bone erosions and the estimated bone strength (finite element – FE analysis) through the analysis of the 2nd metacarpal head of the dominant hand using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT).

Method

Eighty‐two female RA patients between 18‐50 years old were selected. Demographic data, Health Questionnaire Assessment Disability Index (HAQ), Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (DAS)‐28, simplified disease activity index (SDAI) and the hand grip test were set. The HR‐pQCT scans of 2nd metacarpophalangeal joints of the dominant hand of all patients were performed according to SPECTRA group protocols. The images were used to assess bone erosions and FE analysis. The hand grip test was categorized in 2 groups and separately compared (< 18 vs ≥18 kgf). A logistic regression was performed using hand grip test <18 kgf as a dependent variable.

Results

A significant difference was found between the 2 groups regarding HAQ, inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein), DAS‐28, SDAI, total volume of erosion and bone strength parameter (FE analysis – Failure Load [F.Load]). The logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with hand grip test <18 kgf were higher SDAI (odds ratio [OR] 0.912; 95% CI 0.837‐0.993) and lower values of bone strength parameter (F.Load) (OR 1.007; 95% CI 1.002‐1.012).

Conclusion

Lower values of hand grip test were associated with higher disease activity score‐SDAI and lower bone strength of 2nd metacarpal bone head of the dominant hand evaluated here through a FE analysis using HR‐pQCT scan.
Periosteal block versus intravenous regional anesthesia for reduction of distal radius fractures: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Beck Sierra , Brunner‐Parker Alana , Stamm Rosemary , Douglas Micheal , Conboy Aileen
Published: June 2022

Objective

We compare periosteal block and intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) as anesthetic techniques for reduction of distal radius fractures when performed by emergency department (ED) clinicians following brief training.

Methods

This was a single‐center, nonblinded randomized controlled trial of a convenience sample of patients presenting with distal radius fractures requiring closed reduction. Primary outcome measure was patient reported fracture reduction pain score, rated on a 100‐mm visual analog scale. Secondary outcomes included adjunct pain medication use, ED length of stay, remanipulation rates, participant satisfaction, clinician assessed efficacy, and clinician‐assessed ease of the procedure.

Results

Eighty‐one patients were randomized to receive IVRA (n = 41) or periosteal block (N = 40). Reduction pain scores were not normally distributed. Median (25th–75th percentile) pain scores in participants assigned to IVRA and periosteal block were 5 (1–27.5) and 26 (8.5–63) mm, respectively, (p = 0.007). Use of adjunct medications during reduction was higher for the periosteal block group compared with IVRA (57.5% vs. 22.5%, p = 0.003). Remanipulation rates were 17.5% for periosteal block versus 7.5% for IVRA (p = 0.31). There was no difference in length of stay, patient satisfaction, or clinician's assessed ease of the anesthetic technique. There was a difference in clinician's assessment of efficacy between groups, with IVRA described as “extremely effective” by 65% and periosteal block described as “extremely effective” by 25% (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

When performed by a diverse group of ED clinicians periosteal block provided inferior analgesia to IVRA but may provide an alternative when IVRA cannot be performed.
Initial public offering, corporate innovation and total factor productivity: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yizhong , Lv Linying , Xia Shanqiao
Published: June 2022

We study how listing status affects corporate innovation and total factor productivity (TFP) in the Chinese capital market. Using a new data set of R&D investment and patent information on both industrial unlisted and listed firms, the following empirical findings are obtained: (i) firms experience an increase in innovation input and a decrease in innovation output following the initial public offering (IPO); and (ii) the decrease in innovation output significantly impedes TFP. We identify two possible mechanisms through which IPOs affect innovation activities: agency problems and easier access to funding. The results are robust to the propensity score‐matching approach that addresses selection bias. The analysis reveals that firms face a trade‐off between financing advantages and a potential decrease in innovation and productivity during the transition to public equity markets.
The impacts of tropical storms on food prices: Evidence from China
Authors: Bao Xiaojia , Sun Puyang , Li Jianan
Published: June 2022

Climate change is a major source of external shocks to the economy. In this article, we estimate the short‐term impacts of tropical storms on food prices. After matching the track records of tropical storms with retail prices of food products during 1998 and 2012 in China, we find that tropical storms lead to food prices increasing by 2.3%, and the effect lasts more than one month. The positive impacts on prices mainly concentrate on fresh vegetable products. One main channel of price increases caused by tropical storms is the supply‐side shock to the transportation and distribution system. We find limited evidence of price increases driven by demand‐side shocks such as food displacement and food composition changes. The impacts of tropical storms on food price increases lead to a total loss amounting to $92 million each year on average. This study contributes to literature evaluating the price impacts caused by tropical storms and provides policy implications on enhancing food supply resilience.
Icariin inhibits the formation of mitochondria‐associated membranes (MAMs) and improves erectile function in rats treated with prostate radiation
Authors: Deng Chang‐Jian , Li Xiong , Zeng Yang , Jiang Jun , Jiang Rui
Published: June 2022

Background

Erectile function is usually impaired after radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients. eNOS is a key enzyme in the process of erection. Mitochondria‐associated membranes (MAMs) are closely contacted with the production and bioactivity of eNOS.

Objective

To study the mechanism of icariin improves the erectile function of rats treated with prostate radiation by controling the expression of MAMs in penile corpus cavernosum.

Methods

Twenty 8‐week‐old healthy male SD rats were randomized to four groups: control group, radiation therapy (RT) group, icariin (10 mg/kg/d gavage) group, and RT + icariin (10 mg/kg/d gavage) group (n = 5). In RT group and RT + icariin group, rats were irradiated with X‐rays to the prostate region (total dose 37.5 gray; 7.5 gray/day for 5 days). The maximum intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure (ICPmax/MAP), NO concentration and the level of IP3R1, PACS2, FACL4, nNOS, p‐eNOS, and eNOS in rats’ penile cavernous tissue was determined 9 weeks after radiation therapy.

Results

Compared with the control group and the RT + icariin group, the ICPmax/MAP of the RT group was remarkably reduced (p < 0.05). The levels of p‐eNOS/eNOS, nNOS and the concentration of NO in the penile cavernous tissue of the penis in the RT group were remarkably decreased compared to the control group and the RT + icariin group (p < 0.05). The levels of IP3R1, PACS2, and FACL4 in penile cavernous tissue of the RT group were significantly higher than those in the control group and the RT + icariin group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

After prostate X‐ray radiotherapy in rats, the formation of MAMs may be increased by increased expression of IP3R1, PACS2, and FACL4 in penile cavernous tissue, resulting in impaired erectile function. Icariin might increase p‐eNOS/eNOS and improve erectile function in rats after prostate radiotherapy by inhibiting the expression of IP3R1, PACS2, and FACL4.
Peripheral blood CD3+ T‐cell gene expression biomarkers correlate with clinical frailty in patients with haematological malignancies
Authors: Fell Geoffrey , Rosko Ashley E. , Abel Gregory A. , Dumontier Clark , Higby Kelly J. , Murillo Anays , Neuberg Donna S. , Burd Christin E. , Lane Andrew A.
Published: June 2022

Older patients with cancer often receive treatment regimens based on their age without considering other objective factors that may influence outcomes. Assessment of frailty can identify older patients who are robust and therefore more likely to benefit from intensive treatment, or conversely, frail and might instead be offered alternative approaches. However, such assessment requires specialised training and dedicated clinical resources. Alternative quantitative biomarkers associated with frailty are lacking. Here, we asked if expression signatures of 74 immune cell, ageing, and senescence‐related messenger RNAs in purified peripheral blood T cells could identify associations with clinical frailty in patients with haematological malignancies. We studied 69 patients between the ages of 36 and 92 years (median 76 years) with leukaemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma, across two institutions. Expression of four genes (aryl hydrocarbon receptor [AHR], CD27, CD28, and interleukin‐2 receptor subunit alpha [IL2RA; CD25]) in T cells was associated with frailty, independent of age. An expression‐based regression model had 76% sensitivity and 90% specificity to assign a patient as robust. These data identify measurable peripheral blood correlates of clinical frailty and suggest biomarkers for future prospective assessment.
The molecular rationale for the combination of polatuzumab vedotin plus rituximab in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Kawasaki Natsumi , Nishito Yukari , Yoshimura Yasushi , Yoshiura Shigeki
Published: June 2022

Polatuzumab vedotin (Pola) is an antibody–drug conjugate that targets the B‐cell antigen CD79b and delivers monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE). It is approved in combination with bendamustine and rituximab (Rit) for relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL). Understanding the molecular basis of Pola combination therapy with Rit, the key component for the treatment of DLBCL, is important to establish the effective treatment strategies against r/r DLBCL. Here, we examined the rationale for the combination of Pola with Rit using Pola‐refractory cells. We found that treatment with Pola increased CD20 expression and sensitivity to Rit‐induced complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) in several Pola‐refractory cells. Pola treatment increased phosphorylation of AKT and ERK and both AKT‐ and MEK‐specific inhibitors attenuated the Pola‐induced increase of CD20 and CDC sensitivity, suggesting that these phosphorylation events were required for this combination efficacy. It was revealed that anti‐CD79b antibody increased the phosphorylation of AKT but inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK. In contrast, MMAE potentiated phosphorylation of ERK but slightly attenuated the phosphorylation of AKT. Pola also increased CD20 expression on Pola‐refractory xenografted tumours and significantly enhanced antitumour activity in combination with Rit. In conclusion, these results could provide a novel rationale for the combination of Pola plus Rit.
Small mammals reduce distance dependence and increase seed predation risk in tropical rainforest fragments
Authors: Krishnan Aparna , Osuri Anand M. , Krishnadas Meghna
Published: June 2022

Seed predation and reduced predation risk with distance from conspecific trees are important influences on tree regeneration in tropical forests. Shifts in animal communities, such as an increase in rodents and other small mammals due to forest fragmentation, could alter patterns of seed predation and affect tree regeneration and community dynamics in forest fragments. We performed a field experiment on four native rainforest tree species in the Western Ghats, India, to test whether fragmentation increases seed predation by mammals and alters the distance dependence of seed predation. We monitored seed predation within open and mammal exclosure plots, near and far from the canopies of conspecific trees, in contiguous and fragmented forests. Seed predation of Cullenia exarillata, Ormosia travancorica, and Syzygium rubicundum was markedly higher in forest fragments, and more so within open plots than exclosures, while the predominantly insect‐predated Acronychia pedunculata experienced similar predation in contiguous forests and fragments. Seed predation of C. exarillata and S. rubicundum was unrelated to distance from conspecific trees in open plots in both contiguous forests and fragments, in contrast to exclosures that showed marked near versus far differences in seed predation. Our findings suggest that by increasing overall seed predation risk and imposing similar seed predation risk near and far from adults variably across the tree species, small mammals could alter processes that shape tree diversity and species composition in fragmented tropical rainforests.