bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatores associados ao estilo de vida entre estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Daniela Sousa , Coelho Ana Paula Santos , Fernandes Talitha Sonally Soares , Fernandes Emanuella Soares Fraga , Rios Mônica Oliveira , Fernandes Elionara Teixeira Boa Sorte , Pereira Tatiana Barreto , Novaes Cristiane Pereira , Santos Alana Libania de Souza , Gondim Daniani Souza Oliveira
Published: May 2021

A pandemia da COVID-19 trouxe uma série de consequências para a população mundial, incluindo a interrupção das atividades presenciais das universidades brasileiras. Entende-se que alterações no estilo de vida de estudantes dos cursos de graduação em enfermagem podem ocorrer, em decorrência do isolamento/distanciamento social. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os fatores associados ao estilo de vida de estudantes de enfermagem durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo transversal que coletou dados por meio de questionário online enviado aos estudantes de enfermagem de uma universidade pública do interior da Bahia. Foram 86 alunos que responderam de forma voluntária a dois instrumentos: um sobre dados sociodemográficos, comportamentais, emocionais e atitudinais (autorreferidos), também relacionados à pandemia da COVID-19 e o inventário sobre o estilo de vida de Nola Pender. Foram desenvolvidas medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Os dados foram descritos por meio de frequências absolutas e relativas, médias e desvios-padrão, bom como valores mínimos e máximos. O estilo de vida foi analisado por meio da escala de “Perfil de Estilo de Vida de Nola Pender” e foram empregados testes não-paramétricos. O estudo apresentou correlações entre a variável gênero e nutrição, religião e suporte social, se está cuidando de alguém durante a pandemia e suporte social, se está praticando atividade física e exercício físico e se está tendo hábitos saudáveis na pandemia da COVID-19 com suporte social. Nesse sentido, recomenda-se um olhar atento das instituições universitárias com relação à promoção do cuidado e autocuidado do estudante universitário.
Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre enfermeiros docentes
Authors: Rocha Roseany Patricia Silva , Bini Thamiris dos Santos , Ribeiro Antonia Dinágila do Nascimento , Silvestre Grasiela Cristina Silva Botelho , Ferreira Renata Tomazelli
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Está pesquisa teve o intuito de avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionado a saúde (QVRS) de enfermeiros docentes e preceptores em uma Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso. Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos, sendo o primeiro que avaliou o perfil sócio demográfico, profissional e de saúde, e o segundo avaliou a qualidade de vida (QVRS), em agosto de 2020. Resultados: Dos 27 docentes ouve a prevalência foi do sexo feminino, 20 (74%), seguido da faixa etária 31 anos 15 (55,6%) e 7 (26,0%) tinham doença crônica sendo a hipertensão arterial a mais prevalente. Ao avaliar a distribuição dos domínios de qualidade de vida foi evidenciado escores alto para capacidade física (82,48), seguido de saúde mental (59,85). Os docentes vêm sofrendo com as mudanças sociais, econômicas, tecnológicas nesse cenário atual de pandemia que estamos enfrentando, o que está dando novos rumos e sentido ao trabalho, ocasionando desgastes físicos, psicológicos e comportamentais, o que pode acarretar de forma negativa a sua saúde mental. Conclusão: Assim, conclui-se importância e relevância do tema para a gestão do trabalho em enfermagem na docência, sugere-se novos estudos considerando a amplitude de possibilidades que abarcam este assunto, sem contar na intencionalidade de provocar a preparação, reflexão, compreensão e planejamento para que docentes tenham uma melhor qualidade de vida.
Aplicação de entomopatógenos no manejo de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Yokota Lidiane Arissa , Loureiro Elisângela de Souza , Pessoa Luis Gustavo Amorim , Devoz Gabriel Luiz Reis , Pereira Filho Antonio Amorim , Amaral Tatiana Souza do
Published: May 2021

Conhecida vulgarmente como lagarta-militar ou lagarta-do-cartucho, a Spodoptera frugiperda é uma das pragas agrícolas mais importantes do Brasil, devido seu hábito polífago e sua amplas distribuição geográfica. O uso de agentes entomopatogênicos vem contribuindo com o manejo desta praga, pois diminui os impactos causados pelos agroquímicos e proporciona uma agricultura sustentável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a patogenicidade da bactéria entomopatogênica Bacillus thuringiensis e do vírus entomopatogênico Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) quando aplicados diretamente sobre a lagarta S. frugiperda. O experimento foi feito com lagartas de 2o e 3o instares. Cada experimento foi composto por 5 tratamentos: T1: Testemunha (sem aplicação de entomopatógenos), T2: Agree®, T3: Xentari®, T4: Diplomata®; T5: Armigen® e 5 repetições por tratamento, cada repetição contendo 6 lagartas de 2o e 3o instares. Cada repetição foi constituída de uma placa de Petri (9 cm de diâmetro) com 1 inseto, totalizando 30 lagartas de cada instar por tratamento. A mortalidade foi avaliada diariamente até quinze dias após aplicação. Os dados da mortalidade acumulada foram submetidos à análise de variância (teste F), as médias serão comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade e a eficiência dos bioinseticidas pela fórmula de Abbott. O bioinseticida Xentari® proporcionou maior média de mortalidade no 2o instar de S. frugiperda diferindo dos demais tratamentos, no 3o instar não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos.
O uso das geotecnologias como ferramentas de ensino na educação básica da escola Prof.º Virgílio Libonati, Belém, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Souza Manuela Braga de , Nascimento Raimunda Eliane Nascimento do , Freitas Lailson da Silva , Dias Gustavo Francesco de Morais , Paiva Paula Fernanda Pinheiro Ribeiro , Miranda Sarah Brasil de Araújo de , Cardoso Pedro Monteiro
Published: May 2021

As geotecnologias estão cada vez mais acessíveis e isto se deve aos softwares livres e gratuitos estarem sendo progressivamente produzidos e difundidos, bem como também a adequação da linguagem destes softwares que vem sendo demandada, de forma a possibilitar o acesso a um público cada vez mais amplo. O objetivo é diagnosticar a utilização das geotecnologias, como instrumento de ensino da Geografia. O referido estudo foi realizado em loco com alunos de 6º ano na escola pública de âmbito Estadual Prof.º Virgílio Libonati localizada na região metropolitana de Belém do Pará, cujo o par de coordenadas para acesso é 01°27'9.73" latitude Sul e 48°26'38.22" longitude Oeste. A metodologia incluiu a aplicação de questionários após uma palestra com a finalidade de melhor entendimento sobre a cartografia, o meio ambiente e utilidades computacionais. O público algo foram 20 (Vinte) alunos na faixa etária de 11 anos pertencente ao turno vespertino. Essa abordagem destacou a importância das geotecnologias no cotidiano escolar procurando tornar mais dinâmico e eficaz os conceitos geográficos durantes o processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Emergência e a forma inicial de plântulas de Cenostigma pyramidale (Fabaceae) sob estresse salino
Authors: Santos Wilma Roberta dos , Souza Marisa Adriana Gonçalves de , Souza Luciana Sandra Bastos de , Araújo Júnior George do Nascimento , Souza Carlos André Alves de , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Silva Thieres George Freire da
Published: May 2021

Estresses ambientais podem influenciar na germinação e crescimento inicial de espécies vegetais. A compreensão destas respostas pode contribuir para o entendimento do estabelecimento das espécies no ambiente ou mesmo, subsidiar a produção de mudas. Este estudo investigou a influência da salinidade na geminação e biometria nos estádios iniciais de Cenostigma pyramidale. O estudo foi realizado na Unidade Acadêmica de Serra, Serra Talhada – Pernambuco. As sementes de Cenostigma pyramidale foram submetidas ao tratamento pré-germinativo por meio da escarificação mecânica com lixa de madeira nº 150. Em seguida as sementes tratadas foram semeadas em bandejas de células constituídas de polipropileno contendo solo e uma fina camada superficial de vermiculita para a emergência das plântulas. Mediante a semeadura, a espécie foi submetida à três níveis de salinidade: N1 - 0,18 (CONTROLE); N2 - 1,52 e N3 - 2,22 dS m-1. O delineamento adotado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As reposições de água foram realizadas diariamente, assim como as contagens do número de plântulas emergidas. Com estes dados obtiveram-se: porcentagem de emergência de plântulas (PE) e o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE). Adicionalmente, foram obtidas altura (ALT), diâmetro do coleto (DC), número de folhas completamente expandidas (NFCE) e a biomassa seca total das plantas (BST). Nossos resultados mostraram que o aumento nos níveis de salinidade promoveu reduções no IVE e na PE das sementes de Cenostigma pyramidale. No entanto, não foram observadas alterações nos aspectos biométricos e no acúmulo de biomassa inicial da espécie.
Montagem de laboratório da área da Construção Civil: Relato de experiência na ótica do ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Pereira Thaís Marilane Carneiro de Vasconcelos , Carvalho Alanna Oliveira Pereira
Published: May 2021

O ensino da área da Construção Civil no Brasil possui bases pedagógicas que, na maioria dos casos, não ligam diretamente o aluno a situações reais da sociedade em que estão imersos. Dessa forma, é muito comum a potencialização natural do ensino teórico dissociado da prática, vezes pelo tempo de cumprimento da matriz curricular, vezes pela própria complexidade de conteúdos. Todavia, essa naturalidade do ensino teórico tem prejudicado a formação técnica de alguns profissionais que chegam ao mercado de trabalho sem noção real do desenvolvimento de uma obra e da ligação de suas partes. Assim, a interdisciplinaridade entre as etapas construtivas e o uso de laboratórios para simulações de testes reais podem agregar à melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Esse estudo traz, a partir de um relato de experiência, o processo de montagem de um laboratório da área da Construção Civil (Técnicas Construtivas) em um campus da rede do Instituto Federal, considerando análises críticas sobre o favorecimento do ensino e da aprendizagem em espaços como esse. Foram seguidas etapas metodológicas que puderam apresentar os desafios e as recompensas na insistência de montagem desse laboratório; como, por exemplo, o resgate gradual do processo de “ensinar fazendo” na área da Construção Civil nesse campus, a apropriação natural do espaço pela comunidade acadêmica e o início da conscientização de que o processo de educação existe para propagar e aperfeiçoar conhecimentos para melhoria da sociedade em que se está inserido.
Hidrogeomorfometria da microbacia do rio Cutia, Amazônia Sul-Ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Silva Maria Larissa Hermido da , Silva Esther Cavalcante da , Nagao Eduardo Ossamu , Cavalheiro Wanderson Cleiton Schmidt , Maia Emanuel , Alves Silfran Rogério Marialva , Sccoti Marta Silvana Volpato , Hara Francisco Adilson dos Santos , Vendruscolo Jhony
Published: May 2021

O planejamento da gestão dos recursos naturais é essencial para o desenvolvimento sustentável na região amazônica e tem como base as informações associadas às características da paisagem. Em face ao exposto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo disponibilizar informações geométricas, topográficas e hidrográficas da microbacia do rio Cutia, a qual pertence a bacia do rio Guaporé, importante bacia do estado de Rondônia. Estas informações foram obtidas por meio de equações disponibilizadas na literatura e sensoriamento remoto, utilizando os softwares QGIS 2.10.1, TrackMaker e Google Earth, e imagens altimétricas do satélite ALOS (Sensor Palsar). A microbacia tem área de 19,20 km2 de área, perímetro de 24,79 km, forma alongada, baixa suscetibilidade a enchentes, altitudes de 261 a 346 m, predominância de relevo suave ondulado (47,45%), 90,36% da área apta a extremamente apta a mecanização agrícola e com baixa influência na propagação de incêndios, rede de drenagem com padrão dendrítico, 5ª ordem de drenagem, alta densidade de nascentes, alta densidade de drenagem, coeficiente de manutenção de 342,7 m2 m-1, canal principal divagante e baixo tempo de concentração. A microbacia do rio Cutia tem potencial para implantação de sistemas agropecuários, no entanto, são recomendadas práticas de manejo conservacionistas do solo e da água, para mitigar o impacto destes sistemas nos recursos naturais. Também são recomendados estudos sobre a distribuição espacial da vegetação nativa em áreas protegidas por lei na microbacia (reservas legais e áreas de preservação permanente), para auxiliar na delimitação de áreas prioritárias para a conservação dos recursos hídricos.
Causes of students’ dropout at lower secondary level in Rural Cambodia: Parental Insights
Authors:   Department of Community Development at Royal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia., Chhaing Songleng
Published: May 2021

This qualitative study explored the effects of home environment and academic attitudes of lower-secondary students in rural Cambodia on their decisions to leave school from the perspectives of their parents. The data from semi-structured interviews of 32 parents from 32 different households and field notes revealed that numerous undesirable behaviors combined with low cognitive development and home environment, which was greatly determined by family socio-economic resources, were among the primary reasons for which lower secondary school students decided to drop out. The empirical evidence from this study has yielded some policy implications for relevant stakeholders working towards achieving equity and quality of education at lower-secondary school level in Cambodia. Keywords: dropout, parents, attitudes, home environment, Cambodia.
Age related variations of the mandibular condyle in a sample of Saudi population
Authors:   Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., RM Khounganian , MA AlDosimani ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., AH AlZahrani ,   Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., SM Samiti ,   General Dentist, BDS Graduate, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., OA AlKarni ,   General Dentist, BDS Graduate, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., MF AlSultan ,   General Dentist, BDS Graduate, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., FM AlKalbi ,   Saudi Board Resident in Restorative Dentistry (SBARD), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Published: May 2021

This research aimed to assess the structural and morphological variations in shape and size of the condylar head with age and gender in a sample of Saudi population. Radiographic evaluation of the bilateral condylar heads shape and size were measured on CBCT images and statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0. There was a considerable variation in shape and size of the condyles among males and females with age. The shapes of the condyles varied between convex, round, flat and angled. The most predominant and statistically significant shape in both right and left condyles was convex (P < 0.05). Whereas, there was no significant difference according to shape between the right and left condyles among males and females with increased age. Using the student t-test; there was a statistically significant difference in the ML dimensions between the right (P = 0.006) and left condyle (P = 0.040) between males and females and with increased age (P = 0.00) but with no statistically significant difference between the AP dimensions of the right and left condyle with gender and age (P > 0.05). The morphology of the mandibular condyle was subject to significant linear age-related changes in shape and size with no significant gender differences. There was an obvious decrease in length and width with age in both genders. Condylar length was significantly greater among males and gradually decreased in size with age. Keywords: Mandibular condyle, CBCT, shape, size, Anteroposterior (AP), Mediolateral (ML)
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND EXPERIENCE AND EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT ON BRAND TRUST AND BRAND LOYALTY CHURCH MAWAR SHARON, WEST SURABAYA
Authors:   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Harjanto Hans Christian , Ellitan Lena ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Muljani Ninuk ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of brand experience and emotional attachment on brand trust and brand loyalty in Mawar Sharon Church in West Surabaya. Currently, the level of membership, attendance, and participation in Christian churches has decreased. The data analysis technique used is SEM-PLS analysis with the SmartPLS program. The research results prove that brand experience has a significant effect on emotional attachment and brand loyalty, but insignificant on brand trust. Emotional attachment has a significant effect on brand trust and brand loyalty. Brand trust has a significant influence on brand loyalty. The role of emotional attachment is also significant as a mediator for brand experience on brand trust and brand loyalty. The role of brand trust as a mediator for brand experience and brand loyalty is insignificant. Suggestions from research for the Mawar Sharon Church in West Surabaya are to take a personal approach to the congregation and create programs, so that there is a personal bond between the congregation and the Mawar Sharon Church in West Surabaya and increase the congregation's trust and attachment to the church. but insignificant on brand trust.
Apakah Penetapan Kantor Akuntan Publik Dipengaruhi oleh Kepemilikan Perusahaan dan Manajemen Laba?
Authors: Effendi Bahtiar
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemilikan perusahaan dan manajemen laba terhadap penetapan Kantor Akuntan Publik pada perusahaan property & real estate  yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 187 perusahaan property & real estate  periode tahun 2016-2018. Penentuan sampel dipilih berdasarkan kriteria purposive sampling dengan metode kuantitatif pendekatan deskriptif. Berdasarkan metode purposive sampling, diperoleh sampel sebanyak 42 perusahaan dengan total unit analisis sebanyak 126 data yang diperoleh dari 3 tahun pengamatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan go public yang listing di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik sebagai analisis data penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa kepemilikan perusahaan dan manajemen laba memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap penetapan Kantor Akuntan Publik.
PATRIOTISME KRISTEN
Authors: Telaumbanua Sozanolo , Sianipar Desi
Published: May 2021

Membentuk patriotisme pada anak usia dini sangat penting karena hal ini akan berpengaruh besar pada kesejahteraan, kemakmuran, dan kemajuan anak, keluarga, masyarakat, dan bangsa pada masa yang akan datang. Secara khusus hal ini menjadi perhatian orang tua Kristen dalam menyikapi situasi sosial pada masa kini yang ditandai dengan berkembangnya sikap dan tindakan yang tidak patriotis, seperti korupsi, aksi kekerasan, bullying, ujaran kebencian, intoleransi, terorisme, upaya-upaya yang mengganggu kesatuan negara, penyalahgunaan teknologi, kemalasan, individualisme, kurang menghargai budaya dan produksi negeri sendiri, dan sebagainya. Pemerintah juga sedang mempersiapkan generasi yang tangguh untuk menyambut bonus demografi antara tahun 2010-2035. Dalam mendukung pemerintah, orang tua Kristen menyadari perannya dalam mendidik anak untuk berjiwa patriotisme sejak anak berusia dini. Karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana patriotisme Kristen dibelajarkan pada anak usia dini melalui pendidikan agama Kristen keluarga. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian adalah orangtua membangun patriotisme pada anak yang berusia dini berdasarkan nilai-nilai Kristen, yaitu dengan memiliki pemahaman tentang landasan teologis patriotisme; perkembangan anak usia dini, dan pembentukan patriotisme dengan menetapkan tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran dan metode pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan perkembangan anak usia dini dan nilai-nilai Kristen.
Spatial Temporal of Urban Green Space in Tropical City Of Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Authors: Anak Kemarau Ricky
Published: May 2021

Urban green space is one of the essential variables to influence urban climate. Urban green spaces offer evaporative cooling. The evaporative process is vital to mitigate the urban heat island. This paper investigates the spatial-temporal pattern changes of urban green space in the tropical city of Kuching, Malaysia, using remote sensing and GIS. To achieve the objective, this study required three steps. The first was a performed pre-processing, namely geometric correction, atmosphere correction, and radiometric correction. The next step was a retrieval of land surface temperature at the thermal band for every selected data for the year 1988, 2000, 2011, and 2019.  The third step performed supervised classification for every selected data to generate a land cover map every selected year. The final step was to identify a correlation between urban greens space and LST. The results discovered spatial patterns of urban greens space significantly effects of cooling potential which the more urban green space areas encounter the stronger cooling effect of the urban heat island. The expansion of the urban areas significantly decreases urban green spaces areas. Correct spatial planning is an essential tool for improving urban green spaces infrastructure. This output can improve the knowledge planners, and policymakers understand green spaces recognized in urban areas and plan the urban green space strategically to mitigate UHI effects.
DFT Based Pharmacokinetic, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Studies of Some Glucopyranoside Esters
Authors: Chowdhury Shagir Ahammad , Kibria Sayed M. , Alam Md. Rabiul
Published: May 2021

Monosaccharide esters (MEs) are getting more attention from bioorganic chemists due to their biodegradable and drug-likeness properties. As a consequence, carbohydrate derivatives (sugar-based esters, SEs) are an essential part of medicinal chemistry. In this context, density functional theory (DFT) with B3LYP/ 3-21G has been employed to optimize the methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranoside (3) of methyl α-D-glucopyranoside (2) and its protected acyl esters 4-6. The prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) of these compounds showed better antifungal functionalities than the antibacterial potentiality. Thermodynamic properties and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) of these MEs indicated their stability and both the electrophilic and nucleophilic attack sites. Due to their better antifungal potentiality, molecular docking was conducted against fungal protein lanosterol 14α-demethylase (3JUS), and SARS-CoV-2 main protease (6LU7) along with absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) studies. The study indicated a better binding affinity of some esters compared to the standard antifungal and COVID-19 related drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ).
Prevalence and Absolute Quantification of NDM-1: a β-Lactam Resistance Gene in Water Compartment of Lakes Surrounding Hyderabad, India
Authors: Ranjan Rajeev , Thatikonda Shashidhar
Published: May 2021

NDM-1(New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1) is considered an emerging environmental contaminant, which causes severe hazards for public health. The abuse of antimicrobials for public health and veterinary use could favor the proliferation of resistance in bacteria. In this study, screening and absolute quantification of the NDM-1 in 17 water samples collected from a different sampling location surrounding Hyderabad, India performed using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Absolute quantification achieved by running the isolated DNA (Deoxy-ribonucleic acid) samples from different water bodies in triplicate with the known standards of the NDM-1 and results reported as gene copy number/ng(nanogram) of template DNA. All collected samples had shown a positive signal for the NDM-1 during qPCR analysis. Among the tested samples, the highest gene copy number/ng of template DNA was observed in the Mir Alam tank (985.74).  Further, based on pollution sources and observed data, a hierarchical clustering analysis was performed to categorize the different sampling locations and results presented in the form of a dendrogram.
KANDUNGAN VITAMIN C DAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP SELAI LEMBARAN PALA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SARI BUAH NAGA
Authors: Sipahelut Sophia G , Rejeki Sri , Patty John Alfred
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTUtilization of nutmeg flesh is still limited; thus, processing it into nutmeg-sheet jam is aimed to improve its added value. However, nutmeg flesh has astringent and bitter taste caused by the tannin level which may impact the processed products. To overcome this problem, a combination of nutmeg flesh and dragon fruit was carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the exact proportion of nutmeg and dragon fruit juice to produce a nutmeg-sheet jam that is preferred by consumers. This study used a one-factor Randomized Complete Design, namely the proportion of nutmeg flesh juice and dragon fruit juice consisting of three treatment levels, namely: P1 (100%:0%), P2 (75%:25%), P3 (50%:50 %). The organoleptic testing on nutmeg-sheet jam products used the hedonic test conducted by 30 semi-trained panelists. The results show that different ratios of nutmeg flesh juice and dragon fruit juice significantly influence the consumers’ preference for color, appearance, taste, aroma, texture, and overall acceptance. The nutmeg-sheet jam with a proportion of 75% nutmeg juice and 25% of dragon juice was the most preferred product by the consumers. The selected product has 28.72 mg vitamin C /100 g of ingredients and pH 4.2.Keywords: nutmeg flesh, dragon fruit, nutmeg-sheet jam, consumers’ preferenceABSTRAKPemanfaatan daging buah pala masih terbatas, sehingga pengolahan daging buah pala menjadi selai lembaran merupakan usaha untuk meningkatkan nilai guna. Namun, daging buah pala memiliki rasa sepat dan rasa getir yang disebabkan oleh adanya kadar tannin yang akan berdampak pada produk olahannya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, maka dilakukan kombinasikan daging buah pala dengan buah naga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan proporsi sari buah pala dan sari buah naga yang tepat yang dapat menghasilkan selai lembaran yang disukai oleh konsumen. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap satu faktor, yaitu proporsi sari buah pala dan sari buah naga yang terdiri dari tiga taraf perlakuan yaitu: P1 (100%:0%), P2 (75%:25%), P3 (50%:50%). Pengujian organoleptik terhadap produk selai lembaran menggunakan uji hedonik oleh 30 panelis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio sari buah pala dan sari buah naga yang berbeda memberi pengaruh nyata terhadap tingkat kesukaan konsumen pada atribut warna/kenampakan, rasa, aroma, tekstur dan penerimaan keseluruhan (over all). Selai lembaran dengan penambahan rasio sari buah pala 75% dan sari buah naga 25 % merupakan produk yang paling disukai oleh konsumen dengan kandungan vitamin C 28.72 mg/100 g bahan dan pH 4.2.Kata kunci : daging buah pala, buah naga, selai lembaran, preferensi konsumen
Recent Perspectives for Combined Status of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Authors: Hiroshi Bando
Published: May 2021

The combination of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has been a crucial problem. NAFLD means wide from Hepatic Steatosis (HS) to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). NAFLD may be the predictor of causing Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). A dynamic association is found between NAFLD and Hepatic Insulin Resistance (IR). Treatments for T2DM and NAFLD include Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1 RA), Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitors (DPP-4i) and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). An advanced NASH-specific agent is the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) agonist Obeticholic Acid (OCA). Further development of research and pharmaceutical industry will be expected.
ROAD STUDS. HISTORY OF ORIGIN. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND THE ROLE IN TRAFFIC SAFETY
Authors:   DerzhdorNDI SE, Olkhova Maria
Published: May 2021

Road studs is dotted devices with retroreflective elements or internal light sources fixed or embedded in the pavement of carriage way and / or on the roadside and by light signals warn, inform or guide road users in conditions of insufficient lighting. Road studs are intended for improving the visual orientation of drivers at dark time of the day and in adverse weather conditions on the highways, streets and roads of settlements. According to statistics, about 50% of all traffic accidents and accidents with fatalities and / or injuries occur on the highways in the dark time (night, morning and evening twilights). First road studs occurred on the roads in 1947. The inventor, Percy Shaw, had patented the device and opened his own factory for its production. After that their mass production, improvement and distribution worldwide, including Ukraine started. After the analysis of road studs usage in different countries, a new edition of GOST was developed, which allow considering in detail the location, requirements for color, installation methods, forms of the road studs, etc. According to foreign experts, the retro reflectivity is important for visual orientation in the dark time and has a positive impact on the traffic safety. Usage of retroreflective elements on the highways will increase the visibility of path of movement and stationary objects, which will significantly improve the safety of road users. Keywords: road studs, retroreflective elements, road safety, road accidents, highway.
Effect of Age and Sodium Alendronate on Femoral Fracture Repair: Biochemical and Biomechanical Study in Rats
Authors: Bonetto Luana Mordask , Corso Paola Fernanda Cotait de Lucas , Kuchar Gabrielle Grosko , Gerber Jennifer Tsi , Cunha Leonardo Fernandes , Elsalanty Mohammed , Zielak João Cesar , Gonzaga Carla Castiglia , Scariot Rafaela
Published: May 2021

Background

Bisphosphonates are drugs widely used to reduce bone resorption, increase bone mineral density and control age-related bone loss. Although there are studies reporting differences in bone structure between young and old adults, it is still difficult to predict changes related to bone aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and sodium alendronate on bone repair of femoral fractures in rats.

Methods

Wistar rats (n = 40) were allocated into groups: O (control old-rats), Y (control young-rats), OA (alendronate old-rats) and YA (alendronate young-rats). All animals underwent linear fracture surgery followed by fixation. Groups OA and YA received 1 mg/kg alendronate three times a week until euthanasia. Biochemical analysis of calcium and alkaline phosphatase was done. After euthanasia, femurs were evaluated in relation to cross-section and flexural strength, with three-point bending test. Data were submitted to statistical analysis with significance level of 0.05.

Results

There was no difference in calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels (p > 0.05). Young animals presented lower cross-section than older animals (p < 0.05). Only fractured side, young animals presented major flexural strength than older animals (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the animals that used or not alendronate in relation to cross-section and flexural strength (p > 0.05). When compared fractured and non-fractured femurs, major cross-section on fractured side was observed (p < 0.05). Flexural strength presented higher values in femurs on non-fractured side (p < 0.05). There was correlation of weight and cross-section (R = +0.91) and weight with flexural strength of fractured and non-fractured side, respectively (R = −0.97 and −0.71).

Conclusion

In short, there was no difference of calcium and alkaline phosphatase during the bone repair process. Age has influence in cross-section and flexural strength. Alendronate showed no association with these factors.
Synergistic Catalysis of SnO2-CNTs Composite for VO2+/VO2+ and V2+/V3+ Redox Reactions
Authors: Feng Xiaojian , Xue Jing , Zhang Tongxue , Zhang Zixuan , Han Chao , Dai Lei , Wang Ling , He Zhangxing
Published: May 2021

In this study, a SnO2-carbon nanotube (SnO2-CNT) composite as a catalyst for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) was prepared using a sol-gel method. The effects of this composite on the electrochemical performance of VO2+/VO2+, and on the V2+/V3+ redox reactions and VRFB performance were investigated. The SnO2-CNT composite has better catalytic activity than pure SnO2 and CNT due to the synergistic catalysis of SnO2 and the CNT. SnO2 mainly provides the catalytic active sites and the CNTs mainly provide the three-dimensional structure and high electrical conductivity. Therefore, the SnO2-CNT composite has a larger specific surface area and an excellent synergistic catalytic performance. For cell performance, it was found that the SnO2-CNT cell shows a greater discharge capacity and energy efficiency. In particular, at 150 mA cm−2, the discharge capacity of the SnO2-CNT cell is 28.6 mAh higher than that of the pristine cell. The energy efficiency of the modified cell (7%) is 7.2% higher than that of the pristine cell (62.8%). This study shows that the SnO2-CNT is an efficient and promising catalyst for VRFB.
Textual Effects in Compound Processing: A Window on Words in the World
Authors: Libben Gary , Gallant Jordan , Dressler Wolfgang U.
Published: May 2021

We sought to move beyond single word and sentence processing experiments in order to examine textual effects on the processing of compound words in English. We developed minimal texts (sentences pairs that together constitute a story) that had neutral, semantic or lexical relations between the last word of the first sentence and the second word of the second sentence (which was always a compound noun). This generated minimal text triplets that differed only in the last word of the first sentence (e.g., “She walked down to the path/river/water. The waterfall roared in the distance”). Four experiments were conducted with a total 143 native speakers of English. Experiment 1 employed a Modified Maze Task to identify cross-sentence effects on compound processing. Sentence pairs with lexical links differed from those with semantic links, which, in turn differed from neutral pairs, providing evidence of cross-sentence influence on compound processing. In Experiments 2a, 2b, and 2c, we examined compound production using typing tasks. Results indicated that morphological effects found in single word typing persisted in text typing. In addition, constituent priming effects on typing were seen in both single word typing and sentence typing. Finally, morphological effects were correlated with overall story ratings. We thus conclude that morphological effects are not restricted to single word processing, but rather reflect the dynamics of real-world language processing.
Taste in Motion: The Effect of Projection Mapping of a Boiling Effect on Food Expectation, Food Perception, and Purchasing Behavior
Authors: Suzuki Yuji , Narumi Takuji , Tanikawa Tomohiro , Hirose Michitaka
Published: May 2021

The appearance of food affects its taste. Many studies have examined how to improve the taste of foods by manipulating their appearance. Most of those studies have focused on static appearances, such as color and texture; however, the impact of the dynamic appearance has not been explored. In this study, the perceptions (sweetness, sourness, saltiness, spiciness, temperature, deliciousness) and value judgments (the price of food, appetite) perceived from food before and after tasting with a projection-based dynamic boiling texture were investigated. The results revealed that the dynamic texture influences expectations for saltiness, spiciness, temperature, deliciousness, price, and appetite before eating the meal and perceived saltiness, spiciness, and appetite when eating. In addition, its influence on the consumers’ behavior was also investigated through an empirical user study in a restaurant. The results indicated that the consumers had a greater tendency to order the meal when they saw it with the projection-based boiling effect. From these, this study demonstrates the effect of projection mapping of a boiling effect on food expectation, perception and consumer behavior.
New Targets in Heart Failure Drug Therapy
Authors: Correale Michele , Tricarico Lucia , Fortunato Martino , Mazzeo Pietro , Nodari Savina , Di Biase Matteo , Brunetti Natale Daniele
Published: May 2021

Despite recent advances in chronic heart failure management (either pharmacological or non-pharmacological), the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients remains poor. This poor prognosis emphasizes the need for developing novel pathways for testing new HF drugs, beyond neurohumoral and hemodynamic modulation approaches. The development of new drugs for HF therapy must thus necessarily focus on novel approaches such as the direct effect on cardiomyocytes, coronary microcirculation, and myocardial interstitium. This review summarizes principal evidence on new possible pharmacological targets for the treatment of HF patients, mainly focusing on microcirculation, cardiomyocyte, and anti-inflammatory therapy.
UPLC-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals Potential Biomarkers of Ang II-Induced Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Yang Shaying , Wang Zhiwei , Guo Mengting , Du Mengfan , Wen Xin , Geng Li , Yu Fan , Liu Liangliang , Li Yanting , Feng Lei , Zhou Tingting
Published: May 2021

Hypertension is caused by polygenic inheritance and the interaction of various environmental factors. Abnormal function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is closely associated with changes in blood pressure. As an essential factor in the RAAS, angiotensin II (Ang II) contributes to vasoconstriction and inflammatory responses. However, the effects of overproduction of Ang II on the whole body-metabolism have been unclear. In this study, we established a hypertensive mouse model by micro-osmotic pump perfusion of Ang II, and the maximum systolic blood pressure reached 140 mmHg after 2 weeks. By ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, the metabolites in the serum of hypertensive model and control mice were analyzed. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) in both positive and negative ionization modes showed clear separation of the two groups. Perfusion of Ang II induced perturbations of multiple metabolic pathways in mice, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis and galactose metabolism. Tandem mass spectrometry revealed 40 metabolite markers with potential diagnostic value for hypertension. Our data indicate that non-targeted metabolomics can reveal biochemical pathways associated with Ang II-induced hypertension. Although researches about the clinical use of these metabolites as potential biomarkers in hypertension is still needed, the current study improves the understanding of systemic metabolic response to sustained release of Ang II in hypertensive mice, providing a new panel of biomarkers that may be used to predict blood pressure fluctuations in the early stages of hypertension.
Association vs. Prediction: The Impact of Cortical Surface Smoothing and Parcellation on Brain Age
Authors: Zeighami Yashar , Evans Alan C.
Published: May 2021

Association and prediction studies of the brain target the biological consequences of aging and their impact on brain function. Such studies are conducted using different smoothing levels and parcellations at the preprocessing stage, on which their results are dependent. However, the impact of these parameters on the relationship between association values and prediction accuracy is not established. In this study, we used cortical thickness and its relationship with age to investigate how different smoothing and parcellation levels affect the detection of age-related brain correlates as well as brain age prediction accuracy. Our main measures were resel numbers—resolution elements—and age-related variance explained. Using these common measures enabled us to directly compare parcellation and smoothing effects in both association and prediction studies. In our sample of N = 608 participants with age range 18–88, we evaluated age-related cortical thickness changes as well as brain age prediction. We found a negative relationship between prediction performance and correlation values for both parameters. Our results also quantify the relationship between delta age estimates obtained based on different processing parameters. Furthermore, with the direct comparison of the two approaches, we highlight the importance of correct choice of smoothing and parcellation parameters in each task, and how they can affect the results of the analysis in opposite directions.
Characteristics and Genetic Mechanisms of Normal-Pressure Fractured Shale Reservoirs: A Case Study From the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation in Southeastern Chongqing, China
Authors: Wang Jinxi , Tan Xianfeng , Wang Jia , Zhang Hualian , Zhang Ye , Guo Dongxin , Wang Xiaofeng , Lei Zhian , Zeng Chunlin , Yao Guanghua
Published: May 2021

Compared with the overpressure conditions of shale reservoirs in the Jiaoshiba area, exploring the controlling factors of changes in shale reservoir physical properties under normal-pressure accumulation is of great significance to shale gas exploration. To achieve this, X-ray powder diffraction, nitrogen adsorption, and scanning electron microscopy were carried out to determine mineral content, permeability, porosity, and pore structure for well core and outcrop samples of the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation in southeastern Chongqing, China. Field observations and drilling cores revealed abundant structural fractures in southeastern Chongqing, offering potential main storage space for shale gas. Findings also determined that high-quality source rocks are located in the lower part of the Wufeng–Longmaxi Formation, which features low porosity and low permeability, yet existing structural fractures could potentially improve permeability to a certain extent. The main factors controlling the shale reservoir with the above characteristics include the depositional environment, mineral components, total organic carbon content, and tectonic movement. The deep-water anoxic depositional environment was conducive to the complete preservation of organic matter and sedimentation of the biogenic siliceous minerals, which had a strong effect on improving the porosity of organic matter and brittleness of the rocks. The high content of quartz was found to improve rock compression resistance and brittleness, and increasing clay proportion was found to enhance the interlayer pores of clay minerals. Total organic carbon content, specific surface area, pore volume, and fracture development were all found to have direct contributions to shale gas entrapment. Overall, the most important factor resulting in normal-pressure accumulation in southeastern Chongqing was the intense tectonic movements since the Late Jurassic period which destroyed the original overpressure accumulation conditions.
A Researcher’s Guide to the Measurement and Modeling of Puberty in the ABCD Study® at Baseline
Authors: Cheng Theresa W. , Magis-Weinberg Lucía , Guazzelli Williamson Victoria , Ladouceur Cecile D. , Whittle Sarah L. , Herting Megan M. , Uban Kristina A. , Byrne Michelle L. , Barendse Marjolein E. A. , Shirtcliff Elizabeth A. , Pfeifer Jennifer H.
Published: May 2021

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, diverse, longitudinal, and multi-site study of 11,880 adolescents in the United States. The ABCD Study provides open access to data about pubertal development at a large scale, and this article is a researcher’s guide that both describes its pubertal variables and outlines recommendations for use. These considerations are contextualized with reference to cross-sectional empirical analyses of pubertal measures within the baseline ABCD dataset by Herting, Uban, and colleagues (2021). We discuss strategies to capitalize on strengths, mitigate weaknesses, and appropriately interpret study limitations for researchers using pubertal variables within the ABCD dataset, with the aim of building toward a robust science of adolescent development.
Feelings of Parental Authenticity Moderate Concurrent Links Between Breastfeeding Experience and Symptoms of Postpartum Depression
Authors: Hammond Mikayela , Brooker Rebecca J. , Mistry-Patel Sejal , Schlegel Rebecca J. , Vess Matthew , Wines Maria , Havens Jessica
Published: May 2021

A negative breastfeeding experience is a contextual risk factor for the development of postpartum depressive symptoms among mothers. Many current interventions targeted at disrupting this association rely on the ability to make breastfeeding experiences positive. As a beginning step toward identifying alternative approaches, we investigated a potential psychological buffer of the negative relation between breastfeeding experience and symptoms of postpartum depression: feeling authentic in one's role as a parent. Authenticity appears to enhance well-being and buffer negative outcomes more generally, but has largely gone unaddressed in mothers, particularly during the critical peripartum period when depressive symptoms are at increased prevalence. We tested whether three facets of felt authenticity in the parent role (authentic living, acceptance of external influence, and self-alienation) moderated the association between satisfaction with breastfeeding experience and postpartum depressive symptoms in mothers (N = 92, 81% White, 85% non-Hispanic, college-educated, Mage = 30.49). We found that mothers who felt high in authentic living in the parent role showed fewer depressive symptoms when breastfeeding experiences were positive. In addition, we found that the association between negative breastfeeding experience and greater postpartum depression was mitigated when feelings of self-alienation in the parent role, or the sense that one is unaware of or disconnected from who “she really is” as a mother, were low. This work suggests that enhancing women's feelings of connectedness to “who they truly are” as a mother may be protective against some of the negative mental health effects linked to problems with breastfeeding.
NF-κB and Its Regulators During Pregnancy
Authors: Gómez-Chávez Fernando , Correa Dolores , Navarrete-Meneses Pilar , Cancino-Diaz Juan Carlos , Cancino-Diaz Mario Eugenio , Rodríguez-Martínez Sandra
Published: May 2021

The transcriptional factor NF-κB is a nuclear factor involved in both physiological and pathological processes. This factor can control the transcription of more than 400 genes, including cytokines, chemokines, and their modulators, immune and non-immune receptors, proteins involved in antigen presentation and cell adhesion, acute phase and stress response proteins, regulators of apoptosis, growth factors, other transcription factors and their regulators, as well as different enzymes; all these molecules control several biological processes. NF-κB is a tightly regulated molecule that has also been related to apoptosis, cell proliferation, inflammation, and the control of innate and adaptive immune responses during onset of labor, in which it has a crucial role; thus, early activation of this factor may have an adverse effect, by inducing premature termination of pregnancy, with bad outcomes for the mother and the fetus, including product loss. Reviews compiling the different activities of NF-κB have been reported. However, an update regarding NF-κB regulation during pregnancy is lacking. In this work, we aimed to describe the state of the art around NF-κB activity, its regulatory role in pregnancy, and the effect of its dysregulation due to invasion by pathogens likeTrichomonas vaginalisandToxoplasma gondiias examples.