bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen sulfur dual-doped porous biochar fibers for high performance lithium-sulfur battery
Authors: Li Xuefeng , Sun Kaige
Published: June 2023

Porous carbons have gained great attention for applications in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. However, achieving high specific surface area, hierarchical porosity, and abundant heteroatom-doping with facile approaches is still challenging. Herein, nitrogen, sulfur dual-doped hierarchical porous carbons (PBF@N@S) are obtained via a simple and sustainable activation process of cotton fibers. The as-prepared PBF@N@S exhibits a hierarchically interconnected network porous structure and large specific surface area. Meanwhile, abundant nitrogen, sulfur atoms are simultaneously doped in the carbons. These characteristics make the carbon favorable for hosting sulfur. The PBF@N@S sample with 50 wt% sulfur content (PBF@N@S-S-50%) delivers a high initial capacity with excellent cycling performance. Such high performance suggests that the PBF@N@S-S could be a promising cathode material for Li-S batteries.
ASPHERIC TWO-MIRROR TELESCOPES OF NANOSATELLITES FOR REMOTE EARTH SENSING AND SEARCH OF MINERALS
Authors: Sokurenko Vyacheslav , Sokurenko Oleg
Published: June 2023

The optical system is one of the important components of any space satellite used to observe the Earth's surface or astronomical objects. Due to the small overall size of nanosatellites, lens objectives with the relatively short focal length are often used. The latter provides the sufficiently wide field of view, but limits the spatial resolution of obtained images. In addition, to address various problems in agriculture and geodesy, it is important to obtain images of the earth's surface in different spectral ranges. This fact prevents the application of widespread commercial photographic lenses corrected for the visible spectral range. The article presents the results of the automated parametric synthesis of centered and decentered aspheric optical systems of mirror telescopes based on the Ritchie-Chretien scheme. The obtained optical systems have the focal length of 547 mm, the square entrance aperture of 80×80 mm, and the axial length that does not exceed the size of two CubeSat units. The angular field of view of the telescopes, which is equal to 0.7° in diagonal, enables to apply modern matrix image sensors having a diagonal of the sensitive area up to 6.7 mm. For an axial beam, 90% of the radiation energy falls into a square area of the image with a side of 2.5 μm. The maximum value of relative distortion does not exceed 0.4 %. The considered mirror systems do not have chromatic aberrations, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality images not only in the visible spectral range, but also in several infrared sub-bands. The given results of the aberration analysis testify to the high image quality achieved in both variants. The presented optical systems can observe a rectangular area of the Earth's surface with the diagonal size of about 7.9 km from the satellite’s track height of 650 km. When using a multi-element image detectors with the pixel size of 3 μm, the geometric projection of one pixel on the Earth's surface will be equal to 3.6 m.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON THE ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF THE DETERMINATION OF ULTRA-LOW POWER ELECTRIC FIELDS
Authors: Tychkov Dmytro , Voloshko Oksana
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the influence of temperature, relative humidity of the surrounding environment, as well as the coefficient of electromechanical action on the process of determining ultra-low power electric fields. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to establish the most rational conditions for determining the force (electrical tension) and energy (distribution of surface charge and electric capacity) parameters of such fields with higher accuracy and reliability. The paper proposes an experimental experiment to establish the accuracy and reliability of power and energy parameters for determining electric fields under conditions of changes in climatic factors and the electromechanical coefficient, the implementation of which took place on a measuring stand developed with the participation of the authors. The main element of such a measuring stand is an automatic device for determining, collecting and processing information on the distribution of power and energy parameters of the electric field under the sensitive element of the measuring transducer. The results obtained as a result of the experimental research made it possible to establish that the coefficient of electromechanical influence has a decisive influence on the accuracy of measuring electric fields of ultra-low power. It is shown that an increase in the coefficient of electromechanical influence from 38 pN/V (silicon <111>) to 190 pN/V (PZT-8 piezoelectric ceramics) leads to an increase in the relative error of electric field determination by 4.7%. It was established that reducing the temperature to 20 °C while maintaining the relative humidity from 38 % to 74 % leads to a decrease in the relative error by 1.5-2.2 %. At the same time, a decrease in temperature with a simultaneous decrease in relative humidity leads to an increase in the reliability of the determination of electric fields (so, the probability of error-free measurement of power and energy parameters of electric fields increases by 18 %). A comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method with the results obtained by atomic force microscopy method (in the mode of measuring the leakage currents from the working areas of the investigated surfaces) was carried out, which showed a strong positive correlation between these results, which confirms the objectivity of the proposed method and the adequacy of the obtained results. The conclusions and analyzed data obtained in the article based on the results of experimental studies can be used to create a system of automatic error correction and instability determination of power and energy parameters of ultra-low power electric fields, taking into account limiting external influences.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS OF TRANSFORMATION BY THE OPTIC-ELECTRONIC MODULE OF THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors: Pivtorak Diana , Tsybulnyk Serhii
Published: June 2023

Simulators of environmental state sensors are used to set up and control the efficiency of automatic process control systems. In some cases, it is convenient to use a voltage-resistance converter with an optoelectronic output module based on a controlled photoresistor as a simulator of potentiometric sensors.
An optical-electronic voltage-to-resistance converter, which has a galvanic isolation of the output and has a linear characteristic in a given range of output resistance is developed. The developed converter allows to set the angular and free coefficients of the linear equation arbitrarily that describes the response function of the converter and correctly simulate the operation of a potentiometric state sensor of the controlled parameter. An operating model of the converter was developed and manufactured, experimentally determination of its response function for different values of the free coefficient, supply voltage and different options for the circuit design of the optoelectronic module was carried out.
The principle of operation of the converter is based on a change in the resistance of photoresistors under the influence of optical radiation coming from a controlled source. The model of the converter consists of optical and electronic blocks. The optical block consists of an optical radiation source and two photoresistors simultaneously directed at it. The signal from one photoresistor is the output, and the signal from the second photoresistor is analyzed by the control circuit, which synchronously changes the illumination on the light-sensitive areas of the photoresistors through the brightness controller in accordance with the voltage level of the control and corrective signals.
The experimentally determined response function of the converter in the initial section has a non-linearity in the zone of low input voltages, which is determined, foremost, by the limitation of the lamp brightness and depends on the scheme of its inclusion. The non-linearity zone in the researched converter can be significantly reduced by increasing the supply voltage. Within the given range of change of the output resistance of the rectilinear section of the response function, the output resistance of the converter is linearly related to the input voltage, according to the results of experimental measurements in natural laboratory conditions, the conversion error hasn’t exceeded 0.3%.
On a Class of Precessions of a Rigid Body with a Fixed Point under the Action of Forces of Three Homogeneous Force Fields
Authors:   Steklov Mathematical Institute of Russian Academy of Science, Gorr G. V.
Published: June 2023

This paper is concerned with a special class of precessions of a rigid body having a fixed point in a force field which is a superposition of three homogeneous force fields. It is assumed that the velocity of proper rotation of the body is twice as large as its velocity of precession. The conditions for the existence of the precessions under study are written in the form of a system of algebraic equations for the parameters of the problem. Its solvability is proved for a dynamically symmetric body. It is proved that, if the ellipsoid of inertia of the body is a sphere, then the nutation angle is equal to $\arccos\frac{1}{3}$. The resulting solution of the equations of motion of the body is represented as elliptic Jacobi functions.
Modified Nonlinear Hysteresis Approach of a Tactile Sensor
Authors: Hussain Gasak Abdul , Holderbaum William , Theodoridis Theodoros , Wei Guowu
Published: June 2023

Soft tactile sensors based on piezoresistive materials have various large-area sensing applications. However, their accuracy is often affected by hysteresis, a phenomenon that poses a significant challenge during operation. This paper introduces a novel approach that employs a backpropagation (BP) neural network to address the hysteresis nonlinearity in conductive fibre-based tactile sensors.

To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, four sensor units with different layer configurations (1, 3, 6, and 12) were designed. These sensor units underwent force sequences to collect corresponding output resistances. A backpropagation network was trained using these force sequences, thereby correcting the resistance values. The training process exhibited excellent convergence, effectively adjusting the network's parameters to minimize the error between predicted and actual resistance values. As a result, the trained BP network accurately predicted the output resistances.

Several validation experiments were conducted to highlight the primary contribution of this research. The proposed method reduced the maximum hysteresis error from 24.2% of the sensor's full-scale output to 13.5%. This improvement establishes the approach as a promising solution for enhancing the accuracy of soft tactile sensors based on piezoresistive materials.

By effectively mitigating hysteresis nonlinearity, the capabilities of soft tactile sensors in various applications can be enhanced. These sensors become more reliable and more efficient tools for force measurement and control, particularly in the fields of soft robotics and wearable technology. Consequently, their widespread applications extend to robotics, medical devices, consumer electronics, and gaming.

Notably, the complete elimination of hysteresis in tactile sensors may not be feasible. Nevertheless, the proposed method effectively modifies the hysteresis nonlinearity, leading to improved sensor output accuracy.
Geological Disaster Susceptibility Evaluation of Random Forest Weighted Deterministic Coefficient Model
Authors: Zhang Shaohan , Tan Shucheng , Zhou Jinxuan , Sun Yongqi , Ding Duanyu , Li Jun
Published: June 2023

The assessment outcomes of regional susceptibility to geological disasters can directly indicate the extent and intensity of risks within the study area, thus, providing targeted guidance for disaster management efforts. This study selects eight evaluation indicators, namely elevation, gradient, terrain relief, lithology of strata, normalized difference vegetation index, distance from the fault, distance from road, and distance from the river. The study focuses on Huize County in Yunnan Province as the research area, utilizing the certainty factor (CF) and random forest (RF) models for evaluating the susceptibility to geological disasters. The non-geological disaster points in the study area are determined using the deterministic coefficient prior model, and the deterministic coefficient values for each evaluation factor serve as the classification data for the random forest model. The optimal parameters for the random forest are selected through iterative calculations of bag error in PyCharm, while the weight of the evaluation factor is determined based on the ran-dom forest model with the optimal parameters. The results of geological disaster susceptibility zoning in Huize County are obtained by overlaying the weighted deterministic coefficients of each evaluation factor. The accuracy of the evaluation results is verified using zoning statistics and ROC curves with a test sample of 30% of the points. The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the model in evaluating the susceptibility to geological disasters in Huize County. Compared to the single deterministic coefficient model, this approach offers advantages in terms of reliability and accuracy. The evaluation results can serve as a scientific reference for related work in Huize County.
Approximate Dynamic Programming And The Krylov Subspace Methods
Authors: Zhang Ella
Published: June 2023

This report discusses the application of approximate dynamic programming (ADP) and Krylov subspace methods in solving sequential decision-making problems in machine learning. ADP is used when dealing with large state spaces or when the exact dynamics are unknown. The paper explores various ADP methods such as temporal difference learning and least-squares policy evaluation. The authors also focus on the use of Krylov subspace methods for solving the Bellman equation in ADP. The report provides insights into linear approximation, stochastic algorithms, and the Arnoldi algorithm for orthonormal basis. Overall, the paper highlights the theoretical foundation provided by ADP and its connection with Krylov subspace methods, shedding light on their application in computer science.
A Phenomenological Study of The Implementation of Indonesian Language Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pauzia Resti , Fatmawati
Published: June 2023

This research was motivated by a number of phenomena that occurred in the implementation of online learning at SMP Negeri 3 Pelalawan, Pelalawan Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with phenomenological methods. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, it is concluded that the obstacles that occur in the implementation of learning Indonesian are as follows: first, the network is less stable; second, the learning atmosphere is not comfortable because many friends are noisy because the network is not good; third, learning videos are intermittent; fourth, in providing material via whatsapp so that it does not include learning objectives, students do not understand the previous material; fifth, students are late to enter the zoom application because they have to find a network to the forest or the pier. In addition, there are students who do not have cellphones, so they have to wait for their parents to come home from work before they can communicate with the teacher; and Sixth, the internet quota that runs out during the closing learning implementation, if the electricity goes out, the internet network will disappear.
Development of Sports Psychology Research and Athlete Performance in Reputable International Journals: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Permana Dewi Putu citra , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Vanagosi Kadek Dian , Lusiana  , Iragraha S.M. Fernanda
Published: June 2023

This study aims to be able to map the scope of sports psychology research on the Scopus scientific article database. The research focus to describe the thematic areas that most attract the attention of academics, to analyze the development of research on sports psychology which is associated with athlete performance. This research method is descriptive quantitative with a bibliometric approach, assisted by Publish or Perish and VosViewers software. Research sample from the last two decades (2002-2022). Through the keywords "sports psychology" and "performance" in the "article title" found 59 articles. The results of the study show that research trends regarding sports psychology and athlete performance have increased. The fields that have most attracted the attention of academics are sport psychology, applied sport psychology, ethics, and athletic performance. The most frequently discussed topics are sport psychology, performance excellence, and applied sport psychology. Meanwhile burnout, athlete, exercise, ethics, mental skills, performance, talent, and expertise are topics that are rarely discussed. More in-depth research on topics that are rarely discussed can be carried out by other researchers.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARING DI SKB (SANGGAR KEGIATAN BELAJAR) KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Ismawati Dwi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pembelajaran E-learning di SKB (Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar) Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran E-learning di SKB (Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar) Kota Bengkulu masih baru, sehingga pengelola harus mensosialisaikan kepada wargar belajar. Proses pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan aplikasi google classroom dengan banyaknya memberikan materi kepada warga belajar. Kendala pada proses pembelajarannya adalah kurang efektif dalam mencapai harapan dari warga belajar karena terkadang warga belajar yang sudah berkomitmen untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring menggunakan google classroom sering tidak mengumpulkan tugas, tidak membuka akun yang sudah diberikan, kesulitan dalam pelaksaan ini banyak warga belajar yang tidak memiki sinyal saat proses pembelajaran jadi tugas yang diberikan sering terambat dalam proses pengumpulan tugas. Selain itu, E-learning yang di implementasikan di SKB SPNF Kota Bengkulu juga turut memberikan kemudahkan bagi sebagaian dari warga belajar yang kerja sambil belajar, warga belajar  terbantu dengan adanya metode pembelajaran ini sehingga saat ada waktu luang bisa membaca ulang materi yang diberikan pada akun google classroom tersebut.
Analisis Karya Lukis Rasyid Maulana Arifudin Dalam Pameran Art For Orangutan
Authors: Rahmawati Septi
Published: June 2023

Karya seni dalam sebuah pameran memiliki makna dan ceriita tersendiri yang menarik untuk dibahas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai dan menanggapi kualitas salah satu karya seniman muda Rasyid Maulana Arifudin asal klaten serta menemukan pesan yang disampaikan seniman melalui karya seni lukis yang berjudul “Ajur Ajer” dalam pameran Art For Orangutan. Penelitian ini disusun berdasarkan pengetahuan yang telah didapat dalam mengkritik, melalui pengamatan seraca langsung, dan sedikit informasi mengenai karya dari sang seniman. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menemukan beberapa analisis dalam karya yang berjudul “Ajur Ajer” yaitu onsep yang diangkat dalam karya, media yang digunakan, objek yang dituangkan dalam karya serta pesan yang disampaikan dalam karya. Menggunakan sosok diri sendiri sebagai objek dalam lukisan menjelaskan bahwa kita  perlu memanfaatkan diri kita sendiri, menghargai, sesekali objek dalam membuat lukisan tidak harus menggunakan model orang lain.
Motif Geometris Tenun Nusa Tenggara Timur Pada Sarung Bantal Sofa Dengan Teknik Crochet
Authors: Margaretta Febriyanti Debora , Candrasari M.C. Wara
Published: June 2023

NTT dikenal memiliki kain tenun, khususnya Amanatun, Amanuban, dan  Mollo yang memiliki corak motif unik, indah, dan khas. Motif geometris tenun NTT dari daerah tersebut disederhanakan, namun tidak diubah bentuknya. Lalu diaplikasikan ke sarung bantal sofa teknik crochet, karya kriya ini belum  pernah ada di pasar. Guna mengenalkan dan mengkomunikasikan makna tenun tersebut kepada masyarakat. Warna motif di eksplorasi sesuai dengan trend Forecasting 2020, warna Svarga agar modern dan kekinian. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan uji coba eksplorasi sebelumnya terhadap motif, teknik, warna, dan material. Jenis riset penelitian dan penciptaan ini menggunakan research-led practice, yaitu penelitian menjadi dasar dalam praktik. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari berbagai narasumber, sumber tertulis dan foto guna memperoleh data yang diperlukan. Perupa menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, studi pustaka, dan pendokumentasian. Dari hasil eksplorasi sebelumnya, benang katun bali kecil cocok sebagai bahan pembuat sarung bantal sofa teknik crochet. Benang tersebut halus, ringan, kuat, dan tidak terlalu mahal. Karya ini merupakan Kriya crochet sehingga tidak mudah dalam proses pembuatannya, seperti lama, butuh kesabaran, memerlukan banyak sekali benang, terutama bila menggunakan warna yang berbeda. Namun hasil yang didapat unik, tekstur menarik, serta mengajarkan kesabaran. Bagian belakang menggunakan teknik crochet (C2C) corner two corner untuk hasil lebih cepat. Bagian motif menggunakan teknik tapestri crochet karena mampu membuat detail-detail.
A Principal Componet Analysis to detect cancer cell line aggressiveness
Authors: D'Alvia Livio , Carraro Serena , Peruzzi Barbara , Urciuoli Enrica , Apa Ludovica , Rizzuto Emanuele
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we propose the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a new post-processing method for the detection of breast and bone cancer cell lines cultured in vitro using a microwave biosensor. MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines and SaOS-2 and 143B osteosarcoma cell lines were characterized using a circular patch resonator in the 1 MHz – 3 GHz frequency range. The return loss of each cancer cell line was analyzed, and the differences among each other were determined through Principal Component Analysis according to a protocol previously proposed mainly for electrocardiogram processing and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Our results showed that the four cancer cell lines analyzed exhibited peculiar dielectric properties when compared to each other and the growth medium, confirming that PCA could be employed as an alternative methodology to analyze microwave characterization of cancer cell lines which, in turn, may be deeply exploited as a tool for the detection of cancer cells in healthy tissues.
Mathmet Measurement Uncertainty Training activity – Overview of courses, software, and classroom examples
Authors: Pennecchi Francesca , Harris Peter
Published: June 2023

A collaborative activity on “Measurement Uncertainty (MU) Training” under the auspices of the European Metrology Network for Mathematics and Statistics (Mathmet) is underway. This abstract reports on the progress to undertake surveys of existing training courses on MU, software for MU evaluation, and classroom examples to support the understanding of methods for MU evaluation. An appreciable number of training courses, software and examples have been identified and are currently under review. These tools and materials will be analysed and categorised according to their main features and characteristics. Special attention will be given to their adherence to the JCGM guidelines (i.e., JCGM 100:2008, JCGM 101:2008 and JCGM 102:2011). It is hoped that the knowledge assembled in this activity will help practitioners to make good choices about appropriate material to support their training needs, as well as help developers of training material to ensure good coverage of their training products and target them at user needs.
Metrology in the early days of Social Sciences
Authors: Monteiro Vieira Clara , Costa Monteiro Elisabeth
Published: June 2023

Recent studies have been endeavoring to overcome challenges to ensure reliable measurement results in Social Sciences and Humanities facing the complex characteristics of this scientific field. However, the literature indicates that the founding designers of sociology as an academic discipline expressed concerns regarding social measurements more than a century ago. Based on a literature review, the present work investigates possible metrological aspects already addressed in the early days of Social Science, focusing on the methodological conceptions of two of sociology’s early canons – notably Max Weber and Emile Durkheim. The present study reveals that the approaches contemporaneously developed by the two Social Sciences co-founders present diverse but fundamentally complementary configurations, allowing a wide range of social phenomena to be analyzable. Although employing their terminologies, both social scientists incorporated fundamental metrological concepts in their procedures’ parameters, seeking to establish a single reference, using statistical analysis or determining measurement standards that resemble what is known today as reference material. The concern with applying metrological concepts since the early days of creating sociology as a science reinforces the need to invest extensive efforts to provide uniformity of measurements in this remarkably relevant field of application of Measurement Science.
Monte Carlo human identification refinement using joints uncertainty
Authors: De Cecco Mariolino , Luchetti Alessandro , Tavernini Mattia
Published: June 2023

In this work, we propose a new method to re-identify the same individual among different people using RGB-D data.
Each human signature is a combination of soft biometric traits. In particular, we extract a color-based descriptor and a local feature descriptor through a Monte Carlo-based algorithm taking into account the uncertainty of human joints and, applied to each descriptor, refines the similarity match against a spatiotemporal database that updates over time.
We analyzed the effects of Monte Carlo refinement in terms of the final maximum matching score obtained for the two descriptors. In addition, we tested the performance of the proposed method on a widely used public dataset against one of the best re-identification methods in the literature. Our method achieves an average recognition rate of 99.1 % rank-1 without identification error.
Its robustness also makes it suitable for industrial applications.
Metrology infrastructure for radon metrology at the environmental level
Authors: Röttger Annette , Röttger Stefan , Rábago Daniel , Quindós Luis , Woloszczuk Katarzyna , Norenberg Maciej , Radulescu Ileana , Luca Aurelian
Published: June 2023

Since 2020 a large consortium has been engaged in the project EMPIR 19ENV01 traceRadon to develop the missing traceability chains to improve the sensor networks in climate observation and radiation protection.
This paper presents results in the areas of: Novel 226Ra standard sources with continuous controlled 222Rn emanation rate, radon chambers aimed to create a reference radon atmosphere and a reference field for radon flux monitoring. The major challenge lies in the low activity concentrations of radon in outdoor air from 1 Bq∙m-3 to 100 Bq∙m-3, where below 100 Bq∙m-3 there is currently no metrological traceability at all. Thus, measured values of different instruments operated at different locations cannot be compared with respect to their results. Whin this paper, new infrastructure is presented, capable of filling this gap in traceability. The achieved results make new calibration services, far beyond the state of art, possible.
Beamforming-based algorithms for recovering information from fetal electrocardiographic sensors
Authors: Djungha Okitadiowo John P. , Lay-Ekuakille Aimé , Isernia Tommaso , Bhateja Vikrant , Singh Satya Prakash
Published: June 2023

We deal with the extraction of the fetal electrocardiography (ECG) signal from the raw ECG signals of the mother by the beamforming- based algorithms. The foetal ECG sensors bring out signals containing information from the pregnant mother and the infant. Detailed and separate signals are already provided by the foetal ECG instruments; but for some specific studies related to the infant conditions, it is necessary to improve the quality of the signal with a dedicated processing. In this paper, four techniques, with some enhancements, are proposed to perform the processing; we have applied the following techniques: Least Mean Square (LMS) with adaptive noise cancellation technique, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)-based technique, Empirical Wavelet Transform (EWT) technique, and Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC). The LMS and the MUSIC pertain to beamforming approach. The techniques were used to decompose and identify the different elements constituting the source signal (mother's signal) and noise cancellation by Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) technique. The signal was adaptively decomposed by LMS, DWT and MUSIC according to optimised parameters to extract some hidden components of the source signal, such as the foetal features, QRS, heartbeat etc. The results have showed that LMS, with enhancements, is more effective in identifying and removing useless noise. The techniques were applied to the ECG signal of a 30-year-old healthy pregnant woman, which allowed to verify their applicability.
The present research leads to the below main contributions among others: separation of the ECG signal of the foetus from the mother, highlighting the functional state of the foetal heart rhythm (heart rate and heartbeat,) and this can show us if the foetal ECG has malfunctions.
Uploading Food Photos Phenomena on the Instagram Platform in Yogyakarta and Kelantan
Authors: Wibowo Arif Ardy , Irawanto Budi , Abrar ‪Ana Nadhya
Published: June 2023

The phenomenon of uploading food photos is one of the new habits in the world of social media. The creators who upload the food photos have a purpose and convey a message through food photos. This research aims to understand the behavior of Instagram users and the goals to be achieved when uploading food photos on Instagram. The method used in this research is phenomenology, with informants using Instagram in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and Kelantan, Malaysia, with a qualitative approach. The results obtained from this research are that Khalda, an Instagram user in Yogyakarta, Indonesia has the main goal to share and to be known as a food vlogger in the process of uploading food photos. Meanwhile, Zyed, a user from Kelantan, Malaysia, has the same goal, namely sharing photos of food but using the media as a means of expression. These two users have in common that they want to upload their best version of food photos without any hope of getting likes or comments on the upload. In addition, in sharing, there was no message or ideological perspective that the two sources wanted to include in the food uploads. The conclusion of this research shows that the experience of using Instagram from the two informants is divided into four categories: the purpose of posting, type of food, photo aesthetics, and places to eat. The experiences of these two samples show that Instagram is an Ocularcentrism medium that places the eye at the center of social media usage.
Amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation as Putin's Political Communication Force
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Susilowati Ida , Sholeh Muhammad , Kahnovich Yan
Published: June 2023

This article aims at discussing Vladimir Putin's use of constitutional amendments as a political communication tool. The 2020 amendments to the Russian Constitution have significant implications for Putin's political powers and communication strategies. This research explores Putin's role in the constitutional amendments using a qualitative methodology, a literature-based approach, and an analysis of laws and regulations. The study results indicate that Putin uses constitutional amendments to increase his authority and extend the President's term. One of the communication strategies employed is effectively utilizing media and communication channels to create a narrative supporting the amendment. Putin also uses nationalist rhetoric and Russian identity to legitimize his decisions. In addition, Putin controls state media and prioritizes messages that influence public opinion. Putin's political communication strategy includes manipulating propaganda and information to enhance his position, maintain public opinion, and obtain support.
Colonel John Boyd’s Thoughts on Disruption: A Useful Effects Spiral from Uncertainty to Chaos
Authors: Price Brian R.
Published: June 2023

A close examination of John R. Boyd’s concept of disruption as recorded in his 1987 presentation, “An Organic Design for Command and Control.” This article draws attention to a series of disruptive actions Boyd lists, including uncertainty, doubt, mistrust, confusion, disorder, fear, panic, and chaos, noting that the list begins with the mildest effect but that it progresses regularly toward collapse and chaos. The author argues that Boyd was specific in listing these effects in order and notes that this cycle could be developed into a useful effects spiral, which, once understood, can be catalyzed to enhance enemy disruption in a Joint all-domain operations (JADO) environment. In the postscript, this article argues that officers seeking to operate in a multi- or all-domain environment can benefit from a broad educational base to unlock creativity in approaching wicked problem sets. This creativity, when coupled with concepts like the effects spiral, can enhance traditional maneuver and combat, triggering an opponent’s collapse without the need for annihilation.
Sovereignty, Cyberspace, and the Emergence of Internet Bubbles
Authors: Haber Eldar , Topor Lev
Published: June 2023

The cyber domain emerged as a perfect platform for international struggle over power and influence. International powers are actively engaged in cyber proxy warfare due to the relatively low risk of escalation, various enforcement challenges, and the vagueness of international law within this realm. These indirect conflicts might lead some global powers to close or restrict their virtual borders to avoid or reduce the plausibility of cyber proxy warfare or unwanted foreign influence in general. The formation of such restricted networks, articulated in this article as “internet bubbles,” is already shaping within the realm of actors like Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran. The authors argue that liberal democracies like the United States might be at a severe disadvantage to fight against cyber proxy warfare due to legal and constitutional barriers. But at the same time, the emergence of platform governance and self-regulation might be proven as a new force within these proxy wars and reshape its boundaries.
Embracing the Era of Generative AI
Authors: Tandoc III Amado
Published: June 2023

Scientific publishing has long been the backbone of knowledge dissemination in laboratory medicine and pathology. Researchers and clinicians rely on peer-reviewed journals to share their discoveries, advancements, and diagnostic insights. However, with the rapid emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models, we find ourselves standing at the precipice of a transformative era in scientific publishing. As we navigate the implications of this technology, it is crucial to critically examine its potential impact on laboratory medicine and pathology, understanding both the benefits and challenges it presents.
A Study Exploring Soft Skills in Higher Education
Authors: Otermans Pauldy , Aditya Dev , Pereira Monica
Published: June 2023

There is a need for improved skills development within the UK’s Higher Education Institutions (HEI) stemming from the disconnect between the expectations of employers of the skills graduates have and the skills graduates have gained during their degree. It is well-known now that there is a clear skills gap. The present study aims to explore the effect of graduates and students' perception of skills development in HEI in the UK. A total of 420 participants completed an online survey to explore their perception as well as their confidence of skills development by rating each skill on a Likert scale. The paper discusses the results in light of pedagogical strategies developed to teach soft skills in HE. The paper concludes with recommendations for teaching practice.
Clinical Effectiveness of Phosphate Binders for Treating Hyperphosphatemia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: A Multicenter Real-World Study
Authors: Chaiyakittisopon Kamolpat , Pattanaprateep Oraluck , Ponthongmak Wanchana , Chuasuwan Anan , Ingsathit Atiporn , Mckay Gareth J , Attia John , Thakkinstian Ammarin
Published: June 2023

Uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), bone disorders, and premature mortality. Randomized controlled trials show reduced CVD risk of non-calcium-based phosphate-binders (NCBPBs) compared to CBPBs although evidence from real-world data is less consistent. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of phosphate-binders (PB) in Thai hyperphosphatemic ESRDs. A retrospective-cohort was conducted by using data from 2 university hospitals between January 2010 and July 2020. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and CVD-free time. Secondary outcomes included bone disorders following ESRD. An inverse-probability weighting with regression adjustment was used to assess treatment effects. A total of 8,005 patients were included. Initial CBPBs were associated with both longer OS and CVD-free time compared to no-PBs, while initial treatment with aluminum hydroxide was the highest risk of bone disorders. Patients who received CBPBs-NCBPBs had longest OS, followed by aluminum hydroxide, and CBPBs, with average OS of 13.5, 11.0, and 10.9 years, respectively. In conclusions, initial hyperphosphatemic ESRD treatment with CBPBs provided longer OS and CVD-free time compared to no-PBs, while aluminum hydroxide was the highest risk of bone disorders. CBPBs followed by NCBPBs achieved the longest OS and CVD-free time, although these were statistical non-significance.
Evaluation of morphological and biochemical variations in pea under two widespread abiotic stresses
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Ahmad Rafiq , Shahzad Muhammad , Ahmad Khalid , Sajjad Yasar , Hassan Amjad , Nazeer Abdul , Shah Mohammad Maroof , Kalsoom Bibi , Khan Sabaz Ali
Published: June 2023

Pea is the third most widely grown leguminous vegetable crop in the world. The crop is fairly easy to grow but is salt and drought sensitive limiting its yield. The current study was, therefore, designed to explore the morphological and biochemical responses of pea under salt stress and water-deficit stress. For this purpose, three pea varieties namely Climax, Green grass and Meteor were subjected to different levels (5.4 mM (Control), 50 mM, 75 mM and 100 mM of NaCl) of salt stress. The water-deficit stress was administered by watering 100%, 75% and 50% of field capacity. Morphological parameters showed significant reduction under salt stress and water-deficit stress in all the three varieties. On the other hand, the highest relative water content in response to various levels of both the stresses was 38.3% which was significantly lower than the control treatment. Chlorophyll content index (CCI), though, declined significantly in all the three varieties but Climax showed 43.7 CCI at 100 mM salt treatment which was significantly higher than Green grass (25.9 CCI) and Meteor (35.9 CCI) at same treatment. Significant accumulation of proline content was observed under both the stresses where 100 g of fresh weight of Climax showed proline content as 0.043 mg against 100 mM salt and 0.040 mg against 50% water-deficit treatments. Similar results were record for water-deficit stress study indicating common response of both kinds of stresses. The current findings may help understand better the contrasting impacts of salt and water scarcity stress on pea crops, specifically focusing on the role of proline.
Decoding the Complexity of On-Target Integration: Characterizing DNA Insertions at the CRISPR-Cas9 Targeted Locus Using Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Zhao Juan-Juan , Sun Xin-Yu , Zhao Zong-Ze , Yin Meng-Di , Zhao Mei , Zhang Feng , Li Si-Ang , Tian Sai-Ning , Yang Zhi-Xue , Wen Wei , Cheng Tao , Gong An , Zhang Jian-Ping , Zhang Xiao-Bing
Published: June 2023

Background
CRISPR-Cas9-facilitated integration of sizable transgenes into target cells has revolutionized in vivo gene therapy for various disorders, including hemophilia A. The effective targeted incorporation of F8 at the Alb locus in hepatocytes has cured this hemostasis disorder in mice. However, assessing the safety and specificity of this therapy is crucial. We developed a strategy to characterize intricate inserted sequences at the on-target edited locus using barcoded long-range PCR, CRISPR RNP-mediated deletion of unedited alleles, long amplicon enrichment with magnetic beads, and nanopore sequencing.
Results
Our findings unveiled not only the expected F8 insertion but also diverse fragment combinations stemming from in vivo linearization of the double-cut plasmid donor. Impressively, our study is the first to report insertions exceeding 10 kbp. Furthermore, we discovered that a minor fraction of these insertions originated from sources other than donor plasmids, such as Cas9-sgRNA plasmids, genomic DNA fragments, or LINE-1 elements.
Conclusions
We established a robust method for assessing on-target editing complexity, especially in vivo long insertions where donor template integration is often inefficient. Our report presents a novel tool for quality control in gene editing outcomes, highlighting the need for comprehensive characterization of edited genomic sequences. This research can help improve the safety and efficacy of CRISPR-Cas9-facilitated gene therapy for treating various disorders, including hemophilia A.
Phytochemical analysis and in vivo toxicity study of Dianthus orientalis Adams crude extract
Authors: Ahmed Vian Abubaker , Rahman Heshu Sulaiman , Mohammed Mohammed Omer
Published: June 2023

Background Dianthus must be well investigated for its phytochemical content and biological and medicinal activities, includingDianthus orientalisAdams. Objectives To assess the phytochemical composition and determine the toxicity of Dianthus orientalis Adams in an animal model. Materials and Methods The whole plant materials were collected from July to August 2021 from Penjween district, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan of Iraq and then identified, authenticated, shadow-dried, and extracted using ethyl acetate and pure methanol to collect the crude extract of leaves and flowers separately. The GC-MS was run to determine the chemical composition and phytochemical content. Subsequently, the methanolic extract of the leaves was selected to be tested further for its toxicity in the male Sprague Dawley rat model using various techniques. Results The GC-MS results of the methanolic extract of Dianthus orientalis Adam’s leaves and flowers present the higher phytocomponents (no.=34). Some medicinal compounds have been identified in leaves and flowers with various concentrations. The animal toxicity study revealed body weight gain, no clinical signs of toxicity, and no mortality, with non-significant changes in treated animals' haematological, biochemical and histopathological profiles. Conclusions Various huge compounds have been identified in the studied plant parts corresponding to their safe use in an animal model.
Genomics of fetal haemoglobin: a targeted approach for reticulocyte transcriptome study
Authors: Nkya Siana , Kaywanga Frida , Nzunda Collin , Karim Salmaan , Solomon David , Saukiwa Emmanuel , Christopher Heavenlight , Ngowi Doreen , Johansen Julieth , Urio Florence , Mgaya Josephine , Chamba Clara , Hashim Fadya , Ambroise Emmanuela , Acquah Solomon Ofori , Makani Julie
Published: June 2023

Background: Fetal haemoglobin (HbF) remains a major sickle cell disease modifier. The mechanism of HbF synthesis has been studied for several decades with the intention of increasing interventions for sickle cell disease (SCD), including drugs. However, the complex mechanism of HbF synthesis is influenced by multiple genetic factors interacting with environmental factors. In order to capture useful genetic information, especially with limited resources, one has to carefully design the study. This includes choosing the relevant participants, the correct phenotyping, the choice of samples, and the right genomic assays. This paper describes the approach undertaken as part of preparations for a reticulocyte transcriptome study intended to discover genes associated with HbF decline in newborns in Tanzania.
Results: Of the 152 newborns enrolled in the larger study, 40 babies were selected for the reticulocyte transcriptome study based on their HbF levels at birth and later stage of life. Of these, 30 individuals were included under the category of high HbF levels ranging from 72.6-90% and the remaining 10 under the category of low HbF levels ranging from 5.9 - 10.3%. The reticulocyte enrichment recovery purity ranged from 85% - 97%. The total RNA concentrations obtained were >250 ng total RNA, with the average purity of 1.9 (A 260/280) respectively. The total concentration obtained was sufficient for the transcriptome and other downstream assays.
Conclusion: We have documented important steps and factors to consider in identifying the relevant participants and required laboratory sample processes prior to the final stage, which involves total reticulocyte RNA sequencing.
Ongoing gene transfer from chloroplasts to mitochondria in tobacco
Authors: Odahara Masaki , Mori Maai , Numata Keiji
Published: June 2023

Angiosperm mitochondrial genomes have highly complex and diverse structures that are partly due to frequent insertions of nuclear and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) into mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). This suggests the existence of mechanisms for gene transfer from chloroplasts to mitochondria, but these have yet to be discovered. In this study, we aimed to detect chloroplast-to-mitochondrion gene transfer by analyzing the translocation of a marker gene, sul, encoding a bacterial dihydropteroate synthase that confers sulfonamide resistance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), to mtDNA. First, we created tobacco chloroplast transformants in which sul, surrounded on both sides by ~ 1 kb of mitochondrial homologous sequences that enable targeted integration into mtDNA, was introduced into the chloroplast genome. Heat shock enhanced sul expression in the transformants, suggesting that chloroplast degradation stimulates gene transfer from chloroplasts to mitochondria. Shoot regeneration using the heat-shocked chloroplast transformants under sulfadiazine selection resulted in several transformants showing moderately resistant to sulfadiazine. Deep sequencing analysis of the target mitochondrial locus detected sul in the SR plants with an integration efficiency of 0.0007–0.0036%, and we validated the results by ruling out two types of artifactual outcomes, PCR jumping and sul integration into nuclear mitochondrial DNA (NuMT). From these results, we propose that gene transfer from chloroplasts to mitochondria is ongoing in tobacco.