bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Productivity of Upland Rice Farming on Logged Over Area of Teak Forest (Tectona grandis L.
Authors: Priono Darsono , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: March 2021

Upland rice has been cultivated by intercropping patterns on the logged area of the teak forest in Java Island for a long time. However, the activities of upland rice farming are still subsistence and not profit-oriented. This study aims to determine the feasibility of upland rice farming on the logged area of teak forests based on farming productivity. Data was collected using a survey and interview to 30 farmers who cultivated upland rice on the logged area of Perhutani teak forest. To find out the productivity of upland rice farming, an analysis on land productivity, labor productivity, and capital productivity was carried out. The results showed that the upland rice farming on the logged area of teak forest feasible to do with land productivity of IDR 579,028 per 0.24 ha, labor productivity of IDR 55,200 per day and capital productivity of 17.13%.
The Summer 2019-2020 Wildfires in East Coast Australia and Their Impacts on Air Quality and Health in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Nguyen Hiep Duc , Azzi Merched , White Stephen , Salter David , Trieu Toan , Morgan Geoffrey , Rahman Mahmudur , Watt Sean , Riley Matthew , Tzu-Chi Cnang Lisa , Barthelemy Xavier , Fuchs David , Lieschke Kaitlyn , Nguyen Huynh
Published: March 2021

The 2019-2020 summer wildfire event on the east coast of Australia was a series of major wildfires occurring from November 2019 to end of January 2020 across the states of Queensland, New South Wales (NSW), Victoria and South Australia. The wildfires were unprecedent in scope and the extensive extend of the wildfires has caused smoke pollutants transported not only to New Zealand but across the Pacific Ocean to South America. At the height of the wildfires, smoke plumes were injected into the stratosphere at height up to 25km and hence transported across the globe. Based on meteorological and air quality simulation using WRF-Chem model, air quality monitoring data collected during the bushfire period and remote sensing data from MODIS and CALIPSO satellites, the extend of the wildfires and the pollutant transport, and their impacts on air quality and health on exposed population in NSW can be analysed. The results showed that WRF-Chem model using Fire Emission Inventory from NCAR (FINN) predicts the dispersion and transport of pollutants and the predicted concentration of PM2.5 and other pollutants from wildfires reasonably well when compared with ground-based and satellite data. The impact on health endpoints such as mortality, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases hospitalisation across the modelling domain is then estimated. The estimated health impact is comparable with previous study based only on observation data, but the results in this study provide much more detailed spatially and temporally with regards to the health impact from the 2019-2020 wildfire.
Analysis of Land Surface Temperature due to Dynamics of Green Spaces and Water Bodies Using Geospatial Techniques in Gida Kiremu, Limu and Amuru Districts, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Badasa Mitiku , Busha Lachisa
Published: March 2021

Analysis of the correlation between indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Barren Index and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) and land surface temperature is used to natural resources and environmental studies. This research aimed to analysis of Land Surface Temperature due to dynamics of Different Indices (NDVI, NDBaI and MNDWI) Using Remote Sensing Data in three selected districts (Gida Kiremu, Limu and Amuru), western Ethiopia. From thermal and multispectral bands of landsat imageries (Landsat TM of 1990, landsat ETM+ of 2003 and landsat OLI/TIRS of 2020) Land surface temperature and NDVI, NDBaI and MNDWI were calculated. Correlation analysis was used to indicate relationships between LST with NDVI, NDBaI and MNDWI. The study found that Land Surface Temperature was increased by 50C from 1990 to 2020. Vegetation areas (NDVI) and Water bodies (MNDWI) have strong negative relationship with Land Surface Temperature (R2= 0.99, 0.95) whereas Barren land (NDBaI) has positive relationship with Land Surface Temperature (R2= 0.96). Finally, we recommend the decision makers and environmental analyst to emphasis the importance of vegetation cover and water body to minimize the potential impacts of land surface temperature.
Is Early Life Adversity a Trigger towards Inflammageing?
Authors: Merz Myriam , Turner Jonathan D.
Published: March 2021

There are many ‘faces’ of early life adversity (ELA), such as childhood trauma, institutionalization, abuse or exposure to environmental toxins. These have been implicated in the onset and severity of a wide range of chronic non-communicable diseases later in life. The later-life disease risk has a well-established immunological component. This raises the question as to whether accelerated immune-ageing mechanistically links early-life adversity to the lifelong health trajectory resulting in either ‘poor’ or ‘healthy’ ageing. Here we examine observational and mechanistic studies of ELA and inflammageing, highlighting common and distinct features in these two life stages. Many biological processes appear in common including reduction in telomere length, increased immuno-senescence, metabolic distortions and chronic (viral) infections. We propose that ELA shapes the developing immune, endocrine and nervous system in a non-reversible way, creating a distinct phenotype with accelerated immuno-senescence and systemic inflammation. We believe that ELA acts as an accelerator for inflammageing and age-related diseases. Furthermore, we now have the tools and cohorts to be able to dissect the interaction between early life adversity and later life phenotype. This should, in the near future, allow us to identify the ecological and mechanistic processes that are involved in ‘healthy’ or accelerated immune-ageing.
Characterization of Inkjet-printed Digital Microfluidics Devices
Authors: Chen Shiyu , He Zhidong , Choi Suhwan , Novosselov Igor
Published: March 2021

Digital microfluidics (DMF) devices enable precise manipulation of small liquid volumes in point-of-care testing. Printed circuit board (PCB) substrate is commonly utilized to build DMF devices. However, inkjet printing can be used to fabricate DMF circuits, providing a less expensive alternative to PCB-based DMF designs while enabling more rapid design iteration cycles. We demonstrate the fabrication process of the inkjet-printed DMF circuit. We compare Kapton and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as dielectric coatings by measuring the minimal droplet actuation voltage for a range of actuation frequencies. The minimum actuation voltage of 5.6 V was required for droplet movement with the PMMA layer thickness of 0.2 μm and a hydrophobic layer of 0.17 μm. Significant issues with PMMA dielectric breakdown were observed at actuation voltages above 10 V. In comparison, devices that utilized Kapton were found to be more robust even at the actuation voltage up to 100 V.
A Cross-National Comparative Policy Analysis of the Blockchain Technology Between the USA and China
Authors: Kuo Chu-Chi , Shyu Joseph Z.
Published: March 2021

Blockchain technology can achieve decentralization, multi-party verification, anti-tampering, anonymity, traceability of transactions, and the application of distributed ledger. Countries around the world continue to seek the blockchain business models, technologies and applications, and have different visions and policies for the development of blockchain. This study conducts a comparative policy framework of theoretical analysis of the blockchain technology between the USA and China. Using the innovative policy tools proposed by Rothwell and Zegveld, the above mentioned governments are analyzed from the viewpoint of twelve policy tools. The results show that the USA and China all prefer to use “Environmental-side” policy. The USA has paid more attention to “Legal and regulatory”, “Public services” and “Procurement”. China has the highest proportion of policies in “Political tools”, followed by “Legal & regulatory”, while “Scientific and technical”, “Education” and “Overseas agent” come in third . The blockchain technology has developed vigorously among industries and its applications have gradually diversified. The results are provided to various stakeholders as a reference for policy planning.
A Preliminary Psychometric Assessment of the Attitude of Tertiary Health Trainee Undergraduate Students Towards Breast - Self Examination in K.N.U.S.T, Ghana
Authors: Amoah Christian , Somhlaba Nceba Z. , Addo Frimpong-Manso , Amoah Vida Maame Kissiwa , Ansah Ebenezer Otu Ayeboafo , Adjaottor Emma Sethina , Amankwah Gifty B. , Amoah Benjamin
Published: March 2021

Breast self-Examination (BSE) is the cheapest most recommended Breast Cancer (BC) preventive tool for resource deprived settings. There is paucity in the Attitude research domain of the BSE literature. The purpose of this study is to assess the combined and exclusive gender BSE attitude of undergraduate health trainees and to determine significant difference between scores of both genders. Online cross-sectional method was used to assess BSE attitude of 336 mixed gender purposively sampled KNUST College of Health Sciences (CoHS) students. Compared to the constructors’ average BSE attitude score of 101.17 (SD = 9.55), our Study Participants’ BSE attitude is lower (92.51; SD = 11.80). However, using popular attitude mid-point and 3 part scoring methods, our Study Participants (SPs) attitude scores are comparable to sub-regional and national findings. Also contrary to the authors’ expectation, the male participants scored generally high BSE attitude but significantly lower compared to their female compatriots (p < 0.5). Implication, contextual challenges and recommendations for future research have been discussed. BSE KAP research and education must involve more males as important BSE stake holders and there is the need to adjust the curicullum of all health trainee students in developing nations to reflect relevant BC preventive measures.
Preventing Road Accidents with AESLEME’s ‘It Can Happen to You’ programme. Assessment of Increased Knowledge one Month after a Presentation
Authors: Cogollos-Paja Mar , Garcia-Reneses Juan Angel , Herruzo-Cabrera Rafael
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Road traffic accidents are a real pandemic and incur expenses amounting to 1-2% of every country’s GDP. AESLEME (Association for the Study of Spinal Cord Injuries) – devoted to teaching road safety and health to prevent road accidents – has celebrated its 30th anniversary. AESLEME’s instructors are health workers and people with spinal cord injuries caused by road accidents: their presentations – teaching road safety and sharing information on irreversible injuries – are enhanced by personal stories that help schoolchildren to acquire knowledge on this matter. However, until now, we had not assessed how far this acquisition of knowledge had reached. Methods used: Two multiple-choice tests were given to each of the 8,106 students (12-14 years) who took part. Of the four possible answers, only one of them was correct. The first multiple-choice test was taken before the presentation and the second was taken one month later. Results: After assessing the answers, there was a change in the tendency of the number of correct answers before/after answers for the multiple-choice test, and the number of correct one´s rose one month after the presentation. This increase is statistically significant (p<0.01) and represents a national increase of 61% in the number of correct answers, although this varies from 8% to 278% depending on the region. Conclusions: The assessment, involving over 8,000 people, showed that there has been an improvement in road safety knowledge thanks to education provided by AESLEME’s instructors, and a statistically significant increase was obtained throughout Spain, with an average of 61% (confidence level 95: 53% and 64%).
The Analysis of Fractional-Order Helmholtz Equations via a Novel Approach
Authors: Sunthrayuth Pongsakorn , Al-Zhour Zeyad , Chu Yu-Ming
Published: March 2021

This paper is related to the fractional view analysis of Helmholtz equations, using innovative analytical techniques. The fractional analysis of the proposed problems has been done in terms of Caputo-operator sense. In the current methodology, first, we applied the r-Laplace transform to the targeted problem. The iterative method is then implemented to obtain the series form solution. After using the inverse transform of the r-Laplace, the desire analytical solution is achieved. The suggested procedure is verified through specific examples of the fractional Helmholtz equations. The present method is found to be an effective technique having a closed resemblance with the actual solutions. The proposed technique has less computational cost and a higher rate of convergence. The suggested methods are therefore very useful to solve other systems of fractional order problems.
Mammalian NREM and REM Sleep. Why, How and When
Authors: Rial Rubén Víctor , Akaârir Mourad , Canellas Francesca , Gamundi Antoni , Martín Reina Aida , Barceló Pere , Rubiño José A. , Nicolau M. Cristina
Published: March 2021

Three types of wakefulness appeared along the vertebrate’s phylogeny and ontogeny: spinal-rhombencephalic in fish, brainstem-diencephalic in reptiles and cortical in mammals, in which the paralyzed spinal-rhombencephalic wake and the brainstem-diencephalic wake remain as REMS and NREMS The spinal-rhombencephalic and cortical types of wake are inherently anti-homeostatic. Animals must forage, reproduce, and survive to predation disregarding the environmental circumstances, hence temporarily forgetting the homeostatic regulation. After fulfilling the vital functions, the brainstem-diencephalic wake recovers the homeostatic control. The phasic signs of REMS are adaptive in immature mammals, serving for demanding heat, milk and defense to their mother. These advantages outweigh the REMS' poikilostasis in infants. The adults’ poikilostasis of REMS is harmless in thermoneutral environments but is mal-adaptive in aquatic environments in which REMS is reduced or even disappears. These exceptions explain the anomalous examples of REMS. An on-off hypothalamic switch homeostatically regulates the entrance and exit from REMS. Furthermore, the vital phasic signs of REMS depend on a second pontine proportional homeostatic control. Altogether, they regulate the expression of REMS.
Molecular Imaging in Immunotherapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liberini Virginia , Laudicella Riccardo , Capozza Martina , Hüllner Martin W. , Burger Irene A. , Baldari Sergio , Terreno Enzo , Deandreis Désirée
Published: March 2021

Immunotherapy is an effective therapeutic option for several cancers. In the last years, the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shifted the therapeutic landscape in oncology and improved patient prognosis in a variety of neoplastic diseases. However, to date, the selection of the best patients eligible for these therapies, as well as the response assessment is still challenging. Patients are mainly stratified using immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of anti-gens on biopsy specimens, such as PD-L1 and PD-1, on tumor cells, on peritumoral immune cells, and/or in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recently, the use and development of imaging biomarkers able to assess in-vivo cancer-related processes are becoming more important. Today, positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) is used routinely to evaluate tumor metabolism, and also to predict and monitor response to immunotherapy. Although highly sensitive, FDG-PET, in general, is rather unspecific. Novel radiopharmaceuticals (immuno-PET radiotracers) able to identify specific immune system targets are under investigation in pre-clinical and clinical settings. In this review, we will provide an overview of the main new immuno-PET radiotracers in development. We will also review the main players (immune cells, tumor cells, and molecular targets) involved in immunotherapy. Furthermore, we report current applications and the evidence of using [18F]FDG PET in immunotherapy, including the use of artificial intelligence (AI).
Microfluidic Live-Imaging Technology to Perform Research Activities in 3D Models
Authors: Capuzzo Arnaud Martino , Vigo Daniele
Published: March 2021

One of the most surprising differences observed when comparing cell cultures in 2D and 3D is morphological dissimilarity and their evolution over time. Cells grown in a monolayer tend to flatten in the lower part of the plate adhering to and spreading in the horizontal plane without expanding in the vertical dimension. The result is that cells grown in 2D have a forced apex-basal polarity. 3D cultures support co-cultivation and crosstalking between multiple cell types, which regulate development and formation in the in vivo counterpart. 3D models culture, with or without a scaffold matrix, can exhibit more in vivo-like morphology and physiology. 3D cultures recapitulate relevant physiological cellular processes, transforming into unique platforms for drug screening. To support and guarantee the functional maintenance of a 3D structure, one must consider the structures and dynamics of regulatory networks, increasingly studied with liveimaging microscopy. However, commercially available technologies that can be used for current laboratory needs are limited, although there is a need to facilitate the acquisition of cellular kinetics with a high spatial and temporal resolution, to elevate visual performance and consequently that of experimentation. The CELLviewer is a newly conceived and developed multi-technology instrumentation, combining and synchronizing the work of different scientific disciplines. This 2 work aims to test the system with two models: the first model is a single Jurkat cell while the second is an MCF-7 spheroid. After having grown both models, the two models used are loaded into the microfluidic cartridge for each experiment and recorded in time-lapse for a total of 4 hours. After adaptive autofocus, when sliding inside the cartridge chamber, the samples used are tracked under the action of the optics and the 3D rotation was experimentally successfully obtained. A cell viability assessment was then used using the MitoGreen dye, a fluorescence marker selectively permeable to live cells. The ImageJ software was used to: calculate the model diameter, create fluorescence intensity graphs along a straight line passing through the cell, visualize the spatial fluorescence intensity distribution in 3D.
Factors Affecting Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder among Search and Rescue Team in Makassar
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Sjattar Elly Lilianty , Seniwati Tuti
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Disaster is an unwanted event and usually occur suddenly and is accompanied by many victims. Disasters can have many impacts, both physical and psychological. The psychological impact that can arise on disaster victims is called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only on the victim, the person who served as a helper also can have psychological disorders. Psychological disorders in these helpers are called Secondary Traumatic Stress Disorder (STSD). This study was aimed to  identify factors that influence the incidence STSD the Search and Rescue (SAR) teams in universities and BASARNAS Makassar. Method: This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach using total sampling techniques the samples in this study were all sar and basrnas member (n=60) who agreed to be the respondent and have involved in rescue activity on one last year. Data is collected by distributing questionnaires. Questionnaires used were Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale and Crisis Support Scale.  The statistical test used Chi square test, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis. Result: The study showed that there was a relationship between the frequency of exposure, social support, and the length of work (p<0,05) and the incidence of STSD. However, the type of exposure has no significant relationship with the incidence of STSD. Conclusion: Social support is the most significant factor compared to the frequency of exposure, the type of disaster and length of work / joining. This research is expected to provide additional information on STSD risk factors. For future researchers, in order to examine other variables which is trauma history and coping mechanism the SAR team to experience symptoms of STSD
PEMETAAN KONDISI JALAN BERDASARKAN IRI ROADROID DI KABUPATEN GRESIK WILAYAH SELATAN
Authors: Rahmawati Roselina , Pangesti Rendy Dwi , Abdillah Rifqi Aulia
Published: March 2021

Pelaksanaaan evaluasi dan pemeliharaan jalan merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang penting degan tujuan menjaga kondisi jalan tetap terjaga sesuai dengan umur rencana. Perencanaan yang didasarkan pada data yang baik perlu dilaksanakan dalam rangka peningkatan pelayanan jalan. Pemerintah Kabupaten Gresik memiliki program salah satunya adalah meningkatkan kualitas penyelenggaraan jaringan jalan, untuk mendukung rencana tersebut maka diperlukan studi pengembangan jalan daerah, dalam mendukung terwujudnya pengembangan wilayah dan konektivitas jaringan jalan daerah. Penggunaan alat IRI Roadroid merupakan salah satu alat penilaian jalan, dimana alat tersebut tergolong alat yang sederhana dan relatif murah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai kondisi jalan Kabupaten Gresik Wilayah Selatan menggunakan IRI Roadroid, kemudian di ekspor ke dalam peta dengan menggunakan aplikasi GIS. Penggunaan alat IRI Roadroid dalam hasil survey didapatkan hasil yang menyatakan bahwa beberapa ruas tinjauan yang memiliki kondisi kerusakan jalan rusak ringan sampai berat, sehingga diperlukan penanganan pemeliharaan jalan yang serius. Rata-rata dari ruas jalan memperoleh nilai e-IRI 5,20, berdasarkan Pemen PU No. 13/PRT/M/2011 maka kondisi ruas jalan tinjauan dikategorikan sedang. Hasil analisis data eIRI tersebut dimasukkan kedalam  pemetaan GIS dengan bantuan program QGIS 2.8.1 didapatkan gambaran nilai eIRI dalam bentu peta Roadroid. Peta tersebut untuk memudahkan untuk mengetahui jenis dan lokasi kerusakan jalan yang terjadi di ruas jalan tinjauan.
Demonstration of autonomous aerial acoustic recording systems to inventory Department of Defense bird populations
Authors: Buehler David , Fischer Richard , Wilkerson John , Worley Stacy , Smith David , Hockman Emily , Prevost Stephanie
Published: March 2021

This demonstration project addressed the Department of Defense need for innovative technology for monitoring avian populations in inaccessible areas. This report presents results from field validation tests for an autonomous aerial acoustic recording system, a helium-filled weather balloon that transported an instrument payload over inaccessible areas (e.g., ordnance impact areas) to record avian vocalizations.
Understanding Teacher Identity Construction: Professional Experiences of Becoming Indonesian Montessori Teachers
Authors: Siswanto Indira Lusianingtyas , Kuswandono Paulus
Published: March 2021

This study sought to investigate the identity construction of Indonesian Montessori teachers. The research was done in two Montessori schools in Yogyakarta: Cosmic School and Universe School (pseudonyms). The participants involved in this research were eight teachers in total. The data gathering process employed questionnaire, classroom observation, interview, and written reflections. The findings have shed a light on the ways teachers develop their identities within Montessori’s values and principles that they reflect and implement in their daily teaching practice. The findings of the research portrayed that there were four major salient principles influencing the identity formation of becoming Montessori teachers. They were movement and cognition, choice, interest, and teacher ways and child ways. Those principles and values were becoming teachers’ guidance of creating professional working ethos. Montessori principles also influenced the teachers in the ways they perceived and treated the students. This study also revealed the undertaken agencies to hold identity as Montessori teachers. There were three broad themes to explain their agencies. They entailed the essence of building communication between teacher and parents, the significance of community support, and the importance of being well-prepared teachers. Based on the findings and discussion, some recommendations for future studies are also presented.
Blended Learning Application in Higher Education: EFL Learners’ Perceptions, Problems, and Suggestions
Authors: Rianto Agus
Published: March 2021

This study sought to explore Indonesian university students' perceptions, problems, and suggestions of the application of blended learning in their EFL courses. A questionnaire consisting of 6 categories (benefits of online learning, benefits of face-to-face learning, learning assessment, problems in blended learning, suggestions for quality improvement of blended learning, and open-ended questions) was used as the research instrument. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that most of the students perceived positively both the online and face-to-face modes used in their blended EFL courses, although they tended to have negative views on certain online technical aspects. Internet connectivity was the main problem and the solution of all technical problems was the main suggestion reported by the students. As this research was conducted only with students from one study program, the results should not be generalized and future research is suggested to be more focused on the comparison of students’ preferences for other blended course formats and relate them to students’ EFL achievement.
Portraying the English Morphological Development of Indonesian-English Interlanguage Learners
Authors: Suherman Rudi , Indrayani Lia Maulia , Krisnawati Ekaning
Published: March 2021

The study intends to see the interlanguage morphological structure observed in communicative tasks of ten Indonesian learners of English as a Foreign Language.  To achieve this purpose, Qualitative method with quantified data is employed in this study embracing the cross-sectional approach. The data are taken from the utterances produced by 10 (ten) L2 learners who performed three different communicative tasks; semi-structure interviews, 5 picture descriptions, 2 spot differences. The researcher found 356 English morphological structures produced by the learners, and 66 of them are analysed as data samples the analysis is started by profiling their morphological acquisition. It helps the researcher to provide a vivid picture of their English morphological development stage. After analysing the data, the result shows that the English morphological structures produced by the L2 learners in this study are divided into three types:  Suppliance, non - suppliance and over – suppliance structures. Suppliance structure refers to structure that is received by grammatical rules in standard English. Meanwhile, the other two types of structure refer to idiosyncratic structures as an innate characteristic of interlanguage morphology. Besides, English morphological development stage is compatible with the Processability Theory (PT). The learners who have acquired higher morphological structure also have already acquired lower morphological structure.
The Online Media Practice in Covering Indonesian National Police’s Prevention Efforts on the Prohibited Party's Ideology Spread in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Intan Mustika
Published: March 2021

Critical discourse analysis examines the efforts of social forces and ideological interests of a group that are reproduced and defended through texts. The discussion is connected with social contexts that have specific purposes and assumptions. This study focuses on online news reported at liputan6.com site on May 11 th, 2016. This study’s method is a critical discourse analysis introduced by Norman Fairclough with the implementation of transitivity system as the data analysis theory. It aims to uncover the elements of social practice from the aspects of linguistic and discourse. The result indicates the existence of social practice from the online news site in processing information shapes the practice representation conducted by figures who act the discourse which can affect the views of people including their understanding and behavior in social life.
Taxonomic Re-Examination of the Late Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminiferal SpeciesArchaeoglobigerina Cretacea(d'Orbigny, 1840) and Constraints on Its Morphologic Variability and Stratigraphic Distribution in One of The Type Localities (Kent, SE England)
Authors: Falzoni Francesca , Bartolini Annachiara
Published: March 2021

Distinctive and taxonomically relevant morphological differences exist between the original drawings of Archaeoglobigerina cretacea illustrated by d'Orbigny (1840) and the lectotype designated by Banner & Blow (1960), particularly regarding the equatorial periphery, which is rounded in the former and double-keeled in the latter specimen. Such differences would suggest that they are not conspecific, but this hypothesis cannot be easily tested because d'Orbigny's drawings likely represent a synthesis of observations on several specimens rather than a single individual and the slide intended to contain the lectotype is empty.

In this study, we have re-examined the A. cretacea type specimens deposited in the d'Orbigny collection at the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris and samples from one of the type localities (Kent, SE England) with the aim to reconstruct d'Orbigny's species concept, clarify its morphological features, and better constrain its stratigraphic distribution.

Our study suggests that d'Orbigny's concept for A. cretacea was broad and included unkeeled as well as double-keeled morphotypes. However, assemblages from Kent yield common and large-sized specimens conspecific with the lectotype in the middle Santonian-lower Campanian, while morphotypes resembling the drawings of d'Orbigny are absent. Accordingly, five topotype specimens from the lower Campanian of Kent are herein illustrated in order to stabilize the species concept adopted over the last 60 years on the basis of the lectotype drawing and description. All topotypes possess a wide imperforate peripheral band and a moderately to weakly developed double-keeled periphery. Finally, the description of A. cretacea is emended to exclude specimens that do not possess an imperforate peripheral band and to include those that show curved and weakly beaded spiral sutures.
ALTERACIONES EN LA CONDUCCIÓN SIMULADA DE VEHÍCULOS, IMPULSIVIDAD Y ATENCIÓN EN LA FASE ASCENDENTE Y DESCENDENTE DE LA INTOXICACIÓN POR ALCOHOL
Authors: Pilatti Angelina , Tuzinkievich Francisco Benjamin , Pautassi Ricardo Marcos
Published: March 2021

Objetivos. Se analizó el desarrollo de tolerancia aguda a los efectos del alcohol (dosis = 0.08%) sobre la capacidad de conducción de automotor – medida con un simulador -- y los efectos de esta dosis de alcohol sobre inhibición de respuesta en curso y procesos atencionales. Metodología. Los participantes (n = 56, edad= 22± 2.92 años) fueron distribuidos en un diseño factorial 2 (sexo [varón o mujer]) x 2 (tratamiento [alcohol o placebo]), con una medición pre-test y dos post-test. Cada medición post-test estuvo caracterizada por niveles similares de alcohol en aliento, correspondientes a la curva ascendente y descendente de la concentración de alcohol. Resultados. Análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas mostraron que quienes recibieron alcohol, comparados con quienes recibieron placebo, tuvieron más desvíos, excesos de velocidad y colisiones contra estructuras en ambos posts-test. Quienes recibieron alcohol exhibieron, al comparar las mediciones del post-test 2 con las del post-test 1, una cantidad similar de desvíos y colisiones contra estructuras, pero un aumento de excesos de velocidad. El alcohol afectó el proceso de atención en el post-test 1, pero no en el post-test 2. Discusión. El alcohol indujo, en las fases ascendente y descendente, deterioro en la capacidad de conducción, así como en atención e impulsividad. Se observó desarrollo de tolerancia aguda en los procesos atencionales. Estos resultados suman evidencia sobre los efectos negativos del alcohol en la conducción de vehículos y en procesos asociados a la conducción.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL USO Y DEPENDENCIA A VIDEOJUEGOS EN ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARIZADOS DE CIUDAD DEL CARMEN, CAMPECHE
Authors: Sánchez-Domínguez Juan Pablo , Telumbre Terrero Juan Yovani , Castillo Arcos Lubia del Carmen
Published: March 2021

Los videojuegos constituyen un medio de entretenimiento realizado mediante un dispositivo electrónico, sin embargo, cuando su uso frecuente y prolongado se transforma en una dependencia psicológica ésta puede provocar en la salud de los jugadores diversas problemáticas. Objetivo. Describir el patrón de uso y dependencia a videojuegos en una muestra de adolescentes escolarizados de Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche. Método. Estudio de tipo transversal descriptivo llevado a cabo en 581 adolescentes a través de un muestreo por conveniencia, se aplicó el Cuestionario de patrón y uso de videojuegos y el Test de Dependencia de Videojuegos (TDV). Se realizaron medidas de tendencia central y variabilidad. También se determinó la confiabilidad del TDV a través del Alfa de Cronbach y Chi Cuadrada para las variables categóricas. Resultados. El 85.5% de los adolescentes hace uso de videojuegos. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas de su uso por género, identificando que esta actividad se lleva a cabo más en los hombres. En general el 56.5% presenta una dependencia baja. Conclusiones. Se sugiere realizar estudios longitudinales en atención al uso excesivo y prolongado de los videojuegos en asociación a las variables de abuso, tolerancia y dificultad de control.
EFECTOS DEL CONSUMO DE COCAÍNA SOBRE EL FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LA MEMORIA EPISÓDICA
Authors: Said Andrea Giselle , López Marcela Carolina , Rubiales Josefina , Macbeth Guillermo
Published: March 2021

El consumo de cocaína se ha relacionado con alteraciones neuropsicológicas que afectan un amplio espectro de funciones cognitivas; sin embargo, el análisis exhaustivo del funcionamiento de la memoria episódica es un área de vacancia y conocer en profundidad sus procesos permitiría planificar intervenciones pertinentes. Objetivo. Analizar el funcionamiento de la memoria episódica en personas con diagnóstico de trastorno por consumo de cocaína. Metodología. Diseño de tipo descriptivo. Muestra ocasional, conformada por 80 personas, pareadas en dos grupos, clínico y control. Para cumplir con el objetivo, se administró el Test de Aprendizaje Verbal España-Complutense. Resultados. El grupo clínico presentó un funcionamiento de la memoria episódica inferior al grupo control, alcanzando menores desempeños en tres indicadores de procesos de codificación (uso espontáneo de estrategias semánticas en recuerdo inmediato p=.03 y recuerdo con claves a corto p=.01 y largo plazo p=.01), y dos indicadores de procesos de recuperación (uso de estrategias semánticas en el recuerdo libre a corto plazo p=.00 y largo plazo p=.00). Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que las personas con diagnóstico de trastorno por consumo de cocaína presentan un déficit específico y primario en los procesos de codificación, vinculado con el uso escaso o no sistemático de estrategias semánticas.
AUTOEFICACIA PARA PREVENIR EL VIH Y PRÁCTICAS SEXUALES EN ESTUDIANTES DE UN BACHILLERATO DE CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO
Authors: Navarrete Ochoa Brenda Verenice , Jiménez Vázquez Vicente , Amaro Hinojosa Marily Daniela , Orozco Gómez Claudia
Published: March 2021

El Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH) es un problema de salud pública que afecta principalmente a los jóvenes, en México la principal vía de transmisión es a través de las relaciones sexuales, por lo cual, es importante conocer que factores pueden influir para que los jóvenes tengan prácticas sexuales seguras y prevenir esta enfermedad. Objetivo. Determinar la influencia de la autoeficacia para prevenir el VIH en las prácticas sexuales seguras en jóvenes de Chihuahua, México. Método. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal y correlacional, en el cual participaron 115 jóvenes. Se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico, aleatorio simple. Para las mediciones se utilizaron dos escalas y un cuestionario para los datos sociodemográficos y de sexualidad. Resultados. La autoeficacia para prevenir el VIH influyó en las prácticas sexuales seguras, (β= .313, IC 95%= .176-.445, p= .001), a mayor autoeficacia para prevenir el VIH, mayores serán las prácticas sexuales seguras. Conclusión. Los jóvenes con niveles más altos de autoeficacia para prevenir el VIH tienen mayor posibilidad de llevar a cabo prácticas sexuales seguras. Los resultados podrían ser de utilidad en la creación de intervenciones enfocadas a mejorar la autoeficacia de los jóvenes para prevenir la transmisión del VIH.
COVID-19 Y SU REPERCUSIÓN EN LAS ADICCIONES
Authors: Sixto Costoya Andrea , Lucas Domínguez Rut , Agulló Calatayud Víctor
Published: March 2021

Objetivo. Indagar acerca de la literatura científica emergente a nivel internacional sobre la repercusión de la pandemia por COVID-19 en las adicciones. Metodología. La base de datos Web of Science se utilizó para analizar la literatura científica sobre la pandemia por COVID-19 y la influencia que ésta pueda tener en el ámbito de las adicciones. Resultados. Se identificaron 320 documentos, de los cuales 38 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Sobresalieron tres problemáticas: el consumo de tabaco, opioides y alcohol. Según la literatura incipiente, entre los consumidores de opiáceos existe el riesgo de aumento de las sobredosis, así como un empeoramiento del binomio estrés-alcohol y un peor pronóstico de la enfermedad COVID-19 para los fumadores de tabaco. Destaca la preocupación por la disminución de servicios sanitarios focalizados en las adicciones y la salud mental. Conclusiones. La literatura es muy reciente y es necesaria más evidencia científica que arroje luz. Se pone de manifiesto la preocupación por el alcohol, opioides y tabaco, pero se constata la escasez de referencias a adicciones sin sustancia (nuevas tecnologías, juego online) o a los hipnóticos y las benzodiacepinas.
Fuubutsushi- vento , coisas e poesia
Authors: Anami Karin
Published: March 2021

Fuubutsushi é o título escolhido para este Memorial Descritivo e significa para os japoneses a lembrança de uma época especial, assim como vento, coisas e poesias. Tem por objetivo apresentar minha trajetória acadêmica e profissional relacionando as fases vivenciadas, divido por temas e em ordem cronológica: As origens, Infância e adolescência, Escola e aprendizagem, os trabalhos realizados, Casamentos, EJA e filhos, Mestrado e futuras pesquisas. Busco descrever as etapas que me afastaram dos estudos e as etapas que me trouxeram e motivaram ao (re)começo. São, acima de tudo, as minhas vivências - dentre as quais dei apenas uma pincelada. Sou um ser em desenvolvimento; aprendo e agradeço a cada segundo.
Determinants of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia from 2012 up to 2020: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Getahun Daniel , Habtegiorgis Samuel , Assfaw Wodaje , Assemie Moges
Published: March 2021

Background: The perinatal mortality is defined as neonatal deaths of less than seven days of age and fetal deaths after 28 weeks of gestation for developing countries. Perinatal mortality is a worldwide health problem even if variation exists among countries. Despite the presence different studies done on the determinants of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia, there is no comprehensive and currently updated study in this time period in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the determinants of perinatal mortality in Ethiopia from 2012 up to 2020 time period.Method: The articles were identified through electronic search of reputable databases: Google scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library, MIDLINE, EMBASE and Ovid Maternity and Infant Care Databases. Nine studies were selected based on a comprehensive list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis was done by using STATA 14 statistical software. To assess heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 tests were used and a random effect model was also used to estimate the pooled prevalence of perinatal mortality rate. Results: The determinant factors for perinatal mortality were gestational age less than 37weeks , birth weight greater than or equal 2500 gram , had not history of previous abortion, had not history of perinatal death, illiterate maternal education, not using partograph , not vaccinated women about TT vaccine, had not history of obstetric complication ,level of hemoglobin greater than or equal to 11mg/dl ,women who had no prenatal visit ,child birth interval less than two years and non-vertex fetal presentation were significantly associated with perinatal mortality.Conclusion: Government should give especial emphasis for women’s with previous history of abortion, perinatal death and child birth interval less than two years.as well as strengthen all the above associated variables.
Managing Sexual Dysfunction For Women With Breast Cancer: The Perspective Of Health Care Providers In North East Malaysia.
Authors: Chanmekun Siti Balqis , Zulkifli Maryam Mohd , Muhamad Rosediani , Zain Norhasmah Mohd , Low Wah Yun , Liamputtong Pranee
Published: March 2021

Purpose: Management of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is vital for women with breast cancer due to the devastating consequences, which include marital disharmony and reduced quality of life. We explore healthcare providers’ (HCPs) perceptions and experiences in managing FSD for women living with breast cancer using phenomenological approach. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a face-to-face interview method to HCPs from two tertiary hospitals in North East Malaysia. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and transferred to NVivo ® for data management. The transcriptions were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three key barriers were identified through the thematic analysis: a scarcity of related knowledge; the influence of socio-cultural ideas about sex; and the speciality-centric nature of the healthcare system. Most HCPs interviewed had a very narrow understanding of sexuality, were unfamiliar with the meaning of FSD, and felt their training on sexual health issues to be very limited. They viewed talking about sex to be embarrassing to both parties that is, both to HCPs and patients and was therefore not a priority. They focused more on their specialty hence limited the time to discuss sexual health and FSD with their patients. Conclusion: Therefore, interventions to empower the knowledge, break the sociocultural barriers and improve the clinic settings are crucial for HCPs in managing FSD confidently.
A ferroptosis-related gene signature for lung function and quality of life in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Li Yupeng , Ning Shangwei , Yang Yi , Chen Hong , Wang Chen , Dai Huaping
Published: March 2021

Background: Rapid advances in genetic and genomic technologies have begun to reshape our understanding of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, play an important role in the development of IPF. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and their correlation with lung dysfunction and quality of life in patients with IPF. Methods: Datasets were acquired by researching the Gene Expression Omnibus. FRGs were acquired by researching GeneCard database and PubMed. Ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs) were identified according to integrating FRGs and the DEGs identified in the GSE110147 dataset. Candidate key genes were identified from the miRNA-target FRDEGs network and protein-protein interactions (PPI) network. The relationship between key genes and lung function or quality of life was calculated using the GSE32537 datasets.Results: 293 FRGs were obtained, and 71 FRDEGs were identified. According to enrichment analysis, cell growth and death and pathways associated cancer were the important pathways, and significant biological processes were mainly consisted of cellular responses to stimulus and various situations. In addition, this study constructed an PPI network and a miRNA-target network based on the 71 FRDEGs, determined 19 candidate key genes. Furthermore, acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 1 (ACSL1), integrin subunit beta 8 (ITGB8) and ceruloplasmin (CP) were identified as the key genes. The expression level of ACSL1 was the strongest predictor for lung function (negatively) including percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC% predicted) and percent predicted diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (Dlco% predicted) and quality of life (negatively). In addition, ITGB8 and CP were negatively associated with FVC% predicted. According to DrugBank and PubMed, 4 drugs and 16 drugs have been found to act on ACSL1 and CP, respectively. Conclusion: These results imply that FRGs may shed new understanding on disease mechanism and provide potential biomarkers and therapy target to predict IPF progression.
Effect of Two Humic Acids on Laccase-Driven 17β-Estradiol Conversion Kinetics and Polymerization Products at Varying pH Levels
Authors: Sun Kai , Zhu Rui , Wei Huijie , Li Shunyao , Waigi Michael Gatheru , Si Youbin
Published: March 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Long noncoding RNA SNHG1 promotes TERT expression by sponging miR-18b-5p in breast cancer
Authors: Kang yujuan , Wan Lin , Wang Qin , Yin Yanling , Liu Jiena , Liu Lei , Wu hao , Xu Shouping , pang da
Published: March 2021

Background: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) plays a positive role in the progression of human malignant tumors. However, the molecular mechanism of SNHG1 remains elusive in breast cancer. Results: LncRNA SNHG1 was upregulated and had a positive relationship with poor prognosis according to bioinformatics analysis. Silencing SNHG1 inhibited tumorigenesis in breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SNHG1 functioned as a ceRNA to promote TERT expression by sponging miR-18b-5p. Moreover, miR-18b-5p acted as a tumor repressor in breast cancer. Finally, E2F1, a transcription factor, enhanced SNHG1 transcription.Conclusions: Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic mechanism of lncRNA SNHG1 in breast cancer. Importantly, we identified a novel E2F1–SNHG1–miR-18b-5p–TERT axis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.