bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diverse ranking metamaterial inverse design based on contrastive and transfer learning
Authors: Deng Zhengwei , Li Yuxiang , Li Yicheng , Wang Yiyuan , Li Wenjia , Zhu Zheng , Guan Chunying , Shi Jinhui
Published: September 2023

Metamaterials, thoughtfully designed, have demonstrated remarkable success in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves. More recently, deep learning can advance the performance in the field of metamaterial inverse design. However, existing inverse design methods based on deep learning often overlook potential trade-offs of optimal design and outcome diversity. To address this issue, in this work we introduce contrastive learning to implement a simple but effective global ranking inverse design framework. Viewing inverse design as spectrum-guided ranking of the candidate structures, our method creates a resemblance relationship of the optical response and metamaterials, enabling the prediction of diverse structures of metamaterials based on the global ranking. Furthermore, we have combined transfer learning to enrich our framework, not limited in prediction of single metamaterial representation. Our work can offer inverse design evaluation and diverse outcomes. The proposed method may shrink the gap between flexibility and accuracy of on-demand design.
Embedded racetrack microring resonator sensor based on GeSbSe glasses: erratum
Authors: Li Zhiyong , Hou Cheng , Luo Ye , Zhang Wei , Li Lan , Xu Peipeng , Xu Tiefeng
Published: September 2023

We correct the error in [Opt. Express 31, 1103(2023)10.1364/OE.478613] Fig. 5(c). The unit of the vertical axis in the figure should be arbitrary units, not dB. All the conclusions are not changed after the correction.
Intracavity-dynamics-based optical phase amplifier with over tenfold amplification
Authors: Tian Mingwang , Tan Yidong
Published: September 2023

The relative phase change between two light fields can be used as a fundamental parameter to measure the physical quantity causing this change. Therefore, amplifying the relative phase change becomes attractive to improve the measurement resolution. Phase amplification using a many-body entangled state (NOON state) is a well-known method; nevertheless, the preparation process for a high-number NOON state is difficult and sensitive to optical loss. Here, we propose and experimentally verify a concise phase amplification method with a tolerance of about five orders of magnitude for optical loss. The method is based on the optical-feedback-induced intracavity harmonics generation effect to amplify the phase change by 11 times, which is comparable to the highest level of about 10 experimentally reached in NOON states. Furthermore, the 20th intracavity harmonic is generated when the reinjected photon number increases, indicating that 20 times phase amplification is attainable. The proposed method has a prospect for precision measurement applications.
Exploring the antimicrobial peptidome of nematodes through phylum-spanning in silico analyses highlights novel opportunities for pathogen control
Authors: Irvine Allister , Huws Sharon A. , Atkinson Louise E. , Mousley Angela
Published: September 2023

Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) are key constituents of the invertebrate innate immune system and provide critical protection against microbial threat. Nematodes display diverse life strategies where they are exposed to heterogenous, microbe rich, environments highlighting their need for an innate immune system. Within the Ecdysozoa, arthropod AMPs have been well characterised, however nematode-derived AMP knowledge is limited. In this study the distribution and abundance of putative AMP-encoding genes was examined in 134 nematode genomes providing the most comprehensive profile of AMP candidates within phylum Nematoda. Through genome and transcriptome analyses we reveal that phylum Nematoda is a rich source of putative AMP diversity and demonstrate (i) putative AMP group profiles that are influenced by nematode lifestyle where free-living nematodes appear to display enriched putative AMP profiles relative to parasitic species; (ii) major differences in the putative AMP profiles between nematode clades where Clade 9/V and 10/IV species possess expanded putative AMP repertoires; (iii) AMP groups with highly restricted profiles (e.g. Cecropins and Diapausins) and others [e.g. Nemapores and Glycine Rich Secreted Peptides (GRSPs)] which are more widely distributed; (iv) complexity in the distribution and abundance of CSαβ subgroup members; and (v) that putative AMPs are expressed in host-facing life stages and biofluids of key nematode parasites. These data indicate that phylum Nematoda displays diversity in putative AMPs and underscores the need for functional characterisation to reveal their role and importance to nematode biology and host-nematode-microbiome interactions.
A cross-sectional investigation of Leptospira at the wildlife-livestock interface in New Zealand
Authors: Moinet Marie , Oosterhof Hedwich , Nisa Shahista , Haack Neville , Wilkinson David A. , Aberdein Danielle , Russell James C. , Vallée Emilie , Collins-Emerson Julie , Heuer Cord , Benschop Jackie
Published: September 2023

There has been a recent upsurge in human cases of leptospirosis in New Zealand, with wildlife a suspected emerging source, but up-to-date knowledge on this topic is lacking. We conducted a cross-sectional study in two farm environments to estimate Leptospira seroprevalence in wildlife and sympatric livestock, PCR/culture prevalence in wildlife, and compare seroprevalence and prevalence between species, sex, and age groups. Traps targeting house mice (Mus musculus), black rats (Rattus rattus), hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) and brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) were set for 10 trap-nights in March-April 2017 on a dairy (A) and a beef and sheep (B) farm. Trapped wild animals and an age-stratified random sample of domestic animals, namely cattle, sheep and working dogs were blood sampled. Sera were tested by microagglutination test for five serogroups and titres compared using a Proportional Similarity Index (PSI). Wildlife kidneys were sampled for culture and qPCR targeting the lipL32 gene. True prevalence in mice was assessed using occupancy modelling by collating different laboratory results. Infection profiles varied by species, age group and farm. At the MAT cut-point of ≥ 48, up to 78% of wildlife species, and 16–99% of domestic animals were seropositive. Five of nine hedgehogs, 23/105 mice and 1/14 black rats reacted to L. borgpetersenii sv Ballum. The sera of 4/18 possums and 4/9 hedgehogs reacted to L. borgpetersenii sv Hardjobovis whilst 1/18 possums and 1/9 hedgehogs reacted to Tarassovi. In ruminants, seroprevalence for Hardjobovis and Pomona ranged 0–90% and 0–71% depending on the species and age group. Titres against Ballum, Tarassovi and Copenhageni were also observed in 4–20%, 0–25% and 0–21% of domestic species, respectively. The PSI indicated rodents and livestock had the most dissimilar serological responses. Three of nine hedgehogs, 31/105 mice and 2/14 rats were carrying leptospires (PCR and/or culture positive). True prevalence estimated by occupancy modelling in mice was 38% [95% Credible Interval 26, 51%] on Farm A and 22% [11, 40%] on Farm B. In the same environment, exposure to serovars found in wildlife species was commonly detected in livestock. Transmission pathways between and within species should be assessed to help in the development of efficient mitigation strategies against Leptospira.
Microfluidic delivery of cutting enzymes for fragmentation of surface-adsorbed DNA molecules
Authors: Budassi Julia , Cho NaHyun , Del Valle Anthony , Sokolov Jonathan
Published: September 2023

We describe a method for fragmenting, in-situ, surface-adsorbed and immobilized DNAs on polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)-coated silicon substrates using microfluidic delivery of the cutting enzyme DNase I. Soft lithography is used to produce silicone elastomer (Sylgard 184) gratings which form microfluidic channels for delivery of the enzyme. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) is used to reduce DNase I adsorption to the walls of the microchannels and enable diffusion of the cutting enzyme to a distance of 10mm. Due to the DNAs being immobilized, the fragment order is maintained on the surface. Possible methods of preserving the order for application to sequencing are discussed.
Identification of candidate genes for developmental colour agnosia in a single unique family
Authors: Nijboer Tanja C. W. , Hessel Ellen V. S. , van Haaften Gijs W. , van Zandvoort Martine J. , van der Spek Peter J. , Troelstra Christine , de Kovel Carolien G. F. , Koeleman Bobby P. C. , van der Zwaag Bert , Brilstra Eva H. , Burbach J. Peter H.
Published: September 2023

Colour agnosia is a disorder that impairs colour knowledge (naming, recognition) despite intact colour perception. Previously, we have identified the first and only-known family with hereditary developmental colour agnosia. The aim of the current study was to explore genomic regions and candidate genes that potentially cause this trait in this family. For three family members with developmental colour agnosia and three unaffected family members CGH-array analysis and exome sequencing was performed, and linkage analysis was carried out using DominantMapper, resulting in the identification of 19 cosegregating chromosomal regions. Whole exome sequencing resulted in 11 rare coding variants present in all affected family members with developmental colour agnosia and absent in unaffected members. These variants affected genes that have been implicated in neural processes and functions (CACNA2D4, DDX25, GRINA, MYO15A) or that have an indirect link to brain function, development or disease (MAML2, STAU1, TMED3, RABEPK), and a remaining group lacking brain expression or involved in non-neural traits (DEPDC7, OR1J1, OR8D4). Although this is an explorative study, the small set of candidate genes that could serve as a starting point for unravelling mechanisms of higher level cognitive functions and cortical specialization, and disorders therein such as developmental colour agnosia.
Place attachment and perception of climate change as a threat in rural and urban areas
Authors: Tenbrink Thora , Willcock Simon
Published: September 2023

Climate change is a global threat to ecosystems and the people that depend on them. However, the perceived threat of climate change may vary spatially. Previous research suggests that inhabitants in rural areas show higher levels of place attachment (associating meaning with a specific place) than urbanites, possibly because rural people depend more directly on their local environment. This can shape perceptions and behaviours, such as enhanced willingness to engage in landscape preservation. Here we ask if it also makes rural people perceive climate change as a greater threat, using a representative sample of 1,071 survey respondents from across the United Kingdom (UK) to provide first-order insights. We found that, whilst indicators of place attachment were indeed more frequent in rural areas, the perceived threat of climate change in the most rural locations was lower. We discuss possible explanations for this pattern (including lower levels of awareness of the anthropogenic causes of climate change, lessened first-hand experiences of climate change impacts due to higher levels of regulating ecosystem services, and higher levels of resilience in rural areas related to a closer relationship with nature), and call for further research to investigate this.
A test of memory for stimulus sequences in great apes
Authors: Lind Johan , Vinken Vera , Jonsson Markus , Ghirlanda Stefano , Enquist Magnus
Published: September 2023

Identifying cognitive capacities underlying the human evolutionary transition is challenging, and many hypotheses exist for what makes humans capable of, for example, producing and understanding language, preparing meals, and having culture on a grand scale. Instead of describing processes whereby information is processed, recent studies have suggested that there are key differences between humans and other animals in how information is recognized and remembered. Such constraints may act as a bottleneck for subsequent information processing and behavior, proving important for understanding differences between humans and other animals. We briefly discuss different sequential aspects of cognition and behavior and the importance of distinguishing between simultaneous and sequential input, and conclude that explicit tests on non-human great apes have been lacking. Here, we test the memory for stimulus sequences-hypothesis by carrying out three tests on bonobos and one test on humans. Our results show that bonobos’ general working memory decays rapidly and that they fail to learn the difference between the order of two stimuli even after more than 2,000 trials, corroborating earlier findings in other animals. However, as expected, humans solve the same sequence discrimination almost immediately. The explicit test on whether bonobos represent stimulus sequences as an unstructured collection of memory traces was not informative as no differences were found between responses to the different probe tests. However, overall, this first empirical study of sequence discrimination on non-human great apes supports the idea that non-human animals, including the closest relatives to humans, lack a memory for stimulus sequences. This may be an ability that sets humans apart from other animals and could be one reason behind the origin of human culture.
Health-related quality of life in patients accessing medicinal cannabis in Australia: The QUEST initiative results of a 3-month follow-up observational study
Authors: Tait Margaret-Ann , Costa Daniel S.J. , Campbell Rachel , Norman Richard , Warne Leon N. , Schug Stephan , Rutherford Claudia
Published: September 2023

Aims

Patients with chronic health conditions not responding to conventional treatment can access medicinal cannabis (MC) prescriptions from clinicians in Australia. We aimed to assess overall health-related quality of life (HRQL), pain, fatigue, sleep, anxiety, and depression in a large real-world sample of patients accessing prescribed medicinal cannabis. We hypothesized that all patient-reported outcomes (PROs) would improve from baseline to 3-months.

Methods

The QUEST Initiative is a large prospective multicenter study of patients with any chronic health condition newly prescribed medicinal cannabis between November 2020 and December 2021. Eligible patients were identified by 120 clinicians at medical centers across six Australian states. Consenting participants completed the EuroQol Group EQ-5D-5L health status questionnaire; European Organization for Research & Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire (QLQ-C30); Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Short Forms in Fatigue and Sleep Disturbance, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) before starting therapy, at 2-weeks titration, then monthly for 3-months.

Results

Of the 2762 consenting participants, 2327 completed baseline and at least one follow-up questionnaire. Ages ranged between 18–97 years (mean 51y; SD = 15.4), 62.8% were female. The most commonly treated conditions were chronic pain (n = 1598/2327; 68.7%), insomnia (n = 534/2327; 22.9%), generalized anxiety (n = 508/2327; 21.5%), and mixed anxiety and depression (n = 259/2327; 11%). Across the whole cohort both EQ-5D-5L utility scores and QLQ-C30 summary scores showed clinically meaningful improvement in HRQL from baseline to mean follow-up with d = 0.54 (95%CI:0.47 to 0.59) and d = 0.64 (95%CI:0.58 to 0.70) respectively; and clinically meaningful improvement in fatigue (d = 0.54; 95%CI:0.48 to 0.59). There was clinically meaningful reduction of pain for those with chronic pain (d = 0.65; 95%CI:0.57 to 0.72); significant improvements for those with moderate to extremely severe anxiety (X2 = 383; df = 4; p<0.001) and depression (X2 = 395; df = 4; p<0.001); and no changes in sleep disturbance.

Conclusions

We observed statistically significant, clinically meaningful improvements in overall HRQL and fatigue over the first 3-months in patients with chronic health conditions accessing prescribed medical cannabis. Anxiety, depression, and pain also improved over time, particularly for those with corresponding health conditions. The study continues to follow-up patients until 12-months to determine whether improvements in PROs are maintained long-term.

Trail registration

Study registration - Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000063819. https://www.australianclinicaltrials.gov.au/anzctr/trial/ACTRN12621000063819.
Equivalence of information production and generalised entropies in complex processes
Authors: Hanel Rudolf , Thurner Stefan
Published: September 2023

Complex systems with strong correlations and fat-tailed distribution functions have been argued to be incompatible with the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy framework and alternatives, so-called generalised entropies, were proposed and studied. Here we show, that this perceived incompatibility is actually a misconception. For a broad class of processes, Boltzmann entropy –the log multiplicity– remains the valid entropy concept. However, for non-i.i.d. processes, Boltzmann entropy is not of Shannon form, −k∑ipi log pi, but takes the shape of generalised entropies. We derive this result for all processes that can be asymptotically mapped to adjoint representations reversibly where processes are i.i.d. In these representations the information production is given by the Shannon entropy. Over the original sampling space this yields functionals identical to generalised entropies. The problem of constructing adequate context-sensitive entropy functionals therefore can be translated into the much simpler problem of finding adjoint representations. The method provides a comprehensive framework for a statistical physics of strongly correlated systems and complex processes.
A scoping review protocol of the lived experiences of doing a PhD in Africa
Authors: Omoya Oluwatomilayo , Jacob Udeme Samuel , Odeyemi Olumide A. , Odeyemi Omowale A.
Published: September 2023

Objective

This scoping review aims to investigate the available literature on the lived experiences of doing a PhD in African Universities.

Introduction

The continent of Africa still contributes a minimal amount of research towards global research outputs. The need for increased research capacity and outputs have been identified as priority for growth and development. There is a substantial need for evidence-based solutions that can alleviate some of these complexities. For example, challenges still exist in the disease burden faced, economic poverty and lack of infrastructure in various contexts.

Methods and analysis

Multiple databases will be searched, including the EBSCO Host, Scopus, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline (Ovid), and Google Scholar. The scoping review will be conducted using the Arksey & O’Malley (2005)’s six-step approach in conjunction with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. Studies that examined the perspective of PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) candidates, supervisors from Africa, and research studies focusing on the common barriers and facilitators concerning research in Africa will be included. Studies that explore the perspectives of other postgraduate cohorts will be excluded.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics application will not be required but findings will be disseminated through publications, conference presentation, policy, and relevant stakeholders.

Review registration number

This study has been registered with the Open Science Forum (OSF).
Characterization of combined endoscopies and aerodigestive care: An analysis of utilization and financial feasibility
Authors: Brinkmeier Jennifer , Al-Hammadi Noor , Shashidhar Sumana , Hinyard Leslie , Patel Dhiren
Published: September 2023

Background

Aerodigestive care is one model of multi-disciplinary care, which is a valuable tool for both providers and patients. Aerodigestive care models are associated with improved outcomes, reduced anesthesia exposure, reduction in hospital admissions, and fewer days of missed work or school. This is the first study to explore national usage and cost trends in combined endoscopy utilization to identify gaps in care and the potential for financial resource optimization.

Methods

Data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kid’s Inpatient Sample (KID) was used from 2016 and 2019. Diagnoses and procedures were identified using ICD-10 codes, for patients with hospital length of stay less than 1 day. Demographic data were identified, and survey-weighted means and proportions were computed. Bivariate comparisons were made using Rao Scott Chi-Square tests. National estimates of charges were computed with discharge weights, developed using the American Hospital Association (AHA) universe.

Key results

White, high-income patients, and those at urban teaching hospitals received the greatest proportion of combined endoscopic procedures. The cost/charges associated with combined endoscopies are less than for separate gastrointestinal (GI) or airway only endoscopies combined. However, combined procedures comprise a smaller share of national aggregate cost.

Conclusions

National utilization trends highlight racial and socioeconomic disparities and suggest differences in access based on hospital characteristics, despite the reduced cost/charges of the combined procedure. For patients with a need for combined aerodigestive procedures, there appears to be a cost-savings opportunity to increase efforts for combined procedures at the level of the clinician or hospital.
Teaching screenwriting from the inside out: The importance of writers’ inner, emotional discoveries in understanding the tools of screenwriting
Authors: Koskinen Arto
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the vital importance of expanding a screenwriting curriculum to demonstrate screenwriting techniques and finding originality by initially deriving story ideas from students’ life experiences, emotional memories and insights. It highlights the inherent problem common to a number of screenwriting students who desire to ‘race for originality’ that tends to imitate films they have already seen rather than finding the inspiration from a world they are better familiar with. The article introduces examples and results where the stories have first been solidly rooted in the writer’s own experiences. The qualitative research question is, how do students benefit from learning to write from the inside? The article challenges the order in which basic elements must be disseminated to students and suggests that alongside the traditional structures and tools of storytelling in teaching screenwriting, teachers should first and foremost guide students towards the private sources of their individual experiences and memories, highlighting their unique potential and originality. The article is based on qualitative research materials collected from screenwriting workshops the author has conducted in various film schools in Finland and Belgium between 2017 and 2021 using an emotional mapping method.
Revisión de la cirugía endoscópica nasosinusal en la era de los tratamientos biológicos en una cohorte de 388 pacientes
Authors: Díez-González Laura , Martín-Villares Cristina , Martín-Sigüenza Gerardo , Álvarez-Álvarez Ignacio
Published: September 2023

Introducción y objetivo: Estudiar retrospectivamente la tasa de revisión quirúrgica nasosinusal en un hospital de tercer nivel a fin de aplicar las mejores estrategias terapéuticas. Método: Se realizó una revisión retrospectiva de pacientes intervenidos entre 2016 y 2020. Los factores evaluados incluyeron datos epidemiológicos, quirúrgicos, radiológicos e histopatológicos. En los casos de recidiva de patología nasosinsual se realizó una tomografía computerizada siguiendo la clasificación de Lund-Mackay y el recuento de eosinófilos. Se estudió también la tasa de revisión quirúrgica. Resultados: Se realizaron 506 cirugías endoscópicas nasosinusales (CENS) en 388 pacientes en 5 años. El 78% eran rinosinusitis crónicas (RSC), de las cuales el 18 % requirió cirugía de revisión. El índice de revisión fue mayor en pacientes con RSC con pólipos y asma (34%) o enfermedades respiratorias exacerbadas por AAS-EREA (42%). La mayor tasa de recurrencia se objetivó en el complejo osteomeatal (73%). Los pacientes con recuento elevado de eosinófilos en tejido polipoideo presentaban una tasa de cirugía de revisión del 34,2% y una OR de 3,2 (IC95 % 1,2-8,2). La terapia biológica se administró en 7 pacientes con asma grave. Discusión y conclusiones: La tasa de cirugía de revisión por RSC fue del 18%. Las recurrencias son frecuentes en el complejo osteomeatal. Es importante considerar los factores específicos que influyen en la tasa de cirugía de revisión, tales como el recuento elevado de eosinófilos, a fin de aplicar el mejor tratamiento.
The effectiveness of Lactobacillus reuteri on serum bilirubin levels in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia with phototherapy
Authors: Rezki Deska Andina , Firmansyah Isra , Darussalam Dora , Yusuf Sulaiman , Sovira Nora , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar
Published: September 2023

Background Hyperbilirubinemia occurs in 60% of full term and 80% of premature infants. Phototherapy is the main treatment, but it has side effects, sometimes requires hospitalization, and causes the baby to be separated from the mother. Underdeveloped gut microflora and increased enterohepatic circulation in newborns contribute to increased serum bilirubin levels in early life.

Objective To assess the efficacy of adding probiotic L. reuteri on phototherapy in full-term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.

Methods In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, full term infants with hyperbilirubinemia at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia, were randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group. All subjects received phototherapy. The intervention group was also given five drops of L. reuteri once a day orally before phototherapy started, while the control group received a placebo. Bilirubin levels after 24-hour phototherapy were evaluated in both groups.

Results A total of 42 term neonates met the inclusion criteria. The intervention group had a significantly greater decrease in total serum bilirubin (TSB) level (6,517 mg/dL) than did the control group (4,434 mg/dL) (P<0.001), as well in indirect bilirubin levels in the intervention group had decrease 6.40 mg/dL while in the control group 4.43 mg/dL after 24 hours of phototherapy (P<0.001).

Conclusion In full-term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who underwent 24-hour phototherapy, adding probiotic L. reuteri leads to a significantly greater reduction in total and indirect bilirubin levels compared to the control group.
A province-wide childhood malignancy profiles in Indonesia (2010-2019): Yogyakarta Pediatric Cancer Registry
Authors: Sandi Salsabila , Supriyadi Eddy , Purwanto Ignatius , Widjajanto Pudjo Hagung , Armytasari Inggar , Ritter Julie , Veerman Anjo JP
Published: September 2023

Background The global burden of childhood cancer is poorly quantified, but it is estimated that 80% of all children with cancer live in low- and middle-income countries with cure rates of childhood cancer far lower than in high-income nations.

Objective To describe the Yogyakarta Region pediatric cancer profile from 2010-2019 and compare it to that of a 2000-2009 study in the same setting.

Methods This retrospective study of childhood cancer was conducted in patients aged £18 years and diagnosed in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Pediatric cancer patient data were collected from hospital hardcopy and electronic medical records. An estimated annual average incidence rate of childhood cancer was calculated and the number of patients by their regions of origin were visualized. The number of childhood malignancies recorded is also compared by the number found in 2000-2009 study.

Results There were 1,839 new cases registered in Yogyakarta Pediatric Cancer Registry during the study period. The mean age at diagnosis was 6.3 years and male-to-female ratio was 1.4: 1.0. Fifty-six% of cancers were diagnosed in the 0-5-years age group. The most common diagnosis category was leukemia, which accounted for 60% of all childhood malignancies. The three most common diagnoses were acute lymphoblastic leukemia (44%), acute myeloid leukemia (12%), and retinoblastoma (7%). The annual average incidence rates of leukemia and solid tumors were 26.8 and 17.5 per million, respectively. The number of patients registered in 2000-2009 study was 1,124 case. Therefore, there was an increase of 63.6% in the number of childhood malignancies registered in 2010-2019 compared to the 2000-2009 study.

Conclusion There is an increase in the number of childhood malignancies registered in 2010-2019 compared to the 2000-2009 study. The number of patients referred to our hospital increased, indicating a more inclusive registry, better referral system, and better access to health care facility.
Accuracy of the NADAS Criteria in Helping Establish the Diagnosis in Children With Suspected to Have Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Rahmawati Dr
Published: September 2023

Background : Prevalence of congenital heart disease is approximately 8/1000 live births and majority of them are diagnosed during evaluation of a murmur detected either during a routine follow-up or while assessment during an intercurrent illness. NADAS criteria can be used as screening test with hight a sensitivity and specificity regarding ability to differentiate pathologic from innocent murmurs.

Aim : The aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the NADAS criteria in helping to diagnose disease in children suspected of having congenital heart disease.

Methods : This was a diagnostic study with a cross-sectional approach and Inclusion criteria were children aged 1 month - 12 years from history and physical examination found a history of recurrent ARI, poor nutritional status, failure to thrive, found cardiac murmurs, without/any cyanosis who attended the outpatient cardiology pediatric at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital between Januari - july 2021. Data Analysis was created using the program IBM SPSS Statistics version 25

Results : 70 children were screened. 60 children were detected to have CHD. 63,3% of the study population in the age group <5 year had a heart disease. All CHD patients had poor nutritional status, abnormal ECG and 88.33% had a history of recurrent ARI, 80% had abnormal chest x-ray, and 55% had abnormal S2. A grade 3 or higher systolic murmur was found in 78.33% of patients had CHD.

Conclusion : NADAS criteria can be used as a screening test for helping to diagnose disease in children suspected of having CHD with accuracy 87.14%, sensitivity of 88.33%, specificity was 80% when score at 3 (1 major + 2 minor) and AUC value is 0.842.
Molecular Docking of Active Compounds of Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. Leaves on Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase Receptors as Colorectal Anticancer
Authors: Amanah Daini , Manalu Rosario Trijuliamos , Sholikha Munawarohthus , Syafriana Vilya , Yasman Yasman
Published: September 2023

Active compounds found in Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. leaves such as flavonoids, phenolics, and betulinic acid are known to have pharmacological activities. This research aimed to find active compounds found in Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. leaves, which have anticancer activity by inhibiting the protein leukotriene A4 hydrolase. Molecular docking methods are used to predict the activity and affinity between ligand-proteins. The research was conducted in silico on the active compound in Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. leaves, which met the five criteria of Lipinski’s rule for leukotriene A4 hydrolase with PDB code 3U9W. The software used were YASARA, MarvinSketch, and PLANTS, which can optimize ligands and bind ligand molecules to receptors. Then it was visualized using Discovery Studio Visualizer and analyzed the prediction of pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Docking results show that the four active compounds from the leaves of Syzygium myrtifolium Walp., namely bis (2-ethylhexyl) hexanedioate, 3-octadecyne, 1- octadecene, and (2E,6E)-farnesol have a lower docking score compared to bestatin; therefore, these four compounds have the potential to inhibit leukotriene A4 hydrolase receptors and can be candidates for colorectal anticancer compounds.
Early epigraphic evidence for Germanic weak class-III verbs
Authors: Mees Bernard
Published: September 2023

The namesLubainisandVanaeniarecorded in inscriptions from Namur have long been proposed to preserve evidence that supports the reconstruction of the stem of the Germanic weak class-III verbs as originally featuring a diphthong *-ai-. Cognates of the Gothic weak class-III verbweihan›to consecrate‹ have similarly been widely held to be preserved in two inscriptions rescued over a century ago from the Danish votive bogs. The attested formswijuandwijasuggest the development of a first-person singular present indicative ending -jǣ, much as would be expected of a weak class-III verb in Northwest Germanic. Gothicweihan›to consecrate‹ is a factitive, however, andwijuandwijaappear to have developed in a manner contrary to that assumed in recent accounts of the morphological origin of the weak class-III verbs.
Species diversity of the brown alga Lobophora (Dictyotales) in the Con Co Island Marine Protected Area, Vietnam
Authors: Dam Duc Tien , Nguyen Manh Linh , Kim Myung-Sook , Vieira Christophe
Published: September 2023

We reevaluated species diversity of the brown alga Lobophora in Vietnam’s Con Co Marine Protected Area (MPA), where only one species had previously been reported. Integrating morphological, ecological, and molecular analyses, we redefined the genus diversity, identifying nine species including two new ones: L. asiatica, L. boussoleae, L. lamourouxii, L. obscura1, L. pachyventera3, L. thailandensis, L. quangtriensis sp. nov., L. vietnamensis sp. nov., and Lobophora sp.1VNA. Lobophora variegata, the sole species previously reported, was absent. This study expands the number of Vietnam’s documented Lobophora species to 11. This work reevaluated Lobophora diversity in Vietnam based on a small island, contributing valuable seaweed diversity reference data for Con Co MPA management. Notably, within the MPA, Lobophora species exhibited no coral-aggressiveness, potentially serving as a health indicator for coral reef communities.
Bland and Altman agreement method: to plot differences against means or differences against standard? An endless tale?
Authors: Cesana Bruno Mario , Antonelli Paolo
Published: September 2023

Objectives

In the Bland and Altman analysis of agreement studies, there is some controversy whether “to plot the differences between the Standard/actual measurement method and the test/new measurement method against their mean” or “to plot the differences against the standard method”. Of course, this is not just a “graphic dispute” as a regression model is inherent in the graphical choice to test the proportional and systematic biases.

Methods

We revised two relevant papers claiming to plot the differences against the standard and outlined their pitfalls taking into account the underlying statistical methodology. Furthermore, we have considered the conditions (correlation between the two measurement methods and ratio of their variances) leading correlation coefficient and regression slope between differences and means or differences and standard different from zero.

Results

We have shown the situations in which the regression slope and the correlation coefficient calculated from the differences and means according to Bland and Altman approach or calculated from the differences and standard are closer to zero giving the minimum possible value of spurious proportional error between the two methods.

Conclusions

We highlighted how the calculation of the expected values of the correlation coefficients and, above all, of the regression slope can be very useful for choosing the statistical model in the context of an agreement study between two measurement methods. Finally, we outlined some recommendations for understanding the real possibility of carrying out agreement or calibration studies.
Hungarian Guards of a Concentration Camp: Interactions and Atrocities in Bergen-Belsen
Authors: Szécsényi András
Published: September 2023

Bergen-Belsen is one of the biggest and most significant concentration camps in the history of the Holocaust. In this paper I reconstruct. 1. The Hungarian Camp between December 1944 and April 1945. 2. The evacuation and settlement of Hungarian military troops to the Bergen military training camp. (Truppenübungsplatz Bergen). This camp is also called as Bergen-Hohne Military Training Area. 3. The interactions between the Hungarian Jewish prisoners and the members of the Hungarian units between the two camps. 4. The controversial paths and memories of the atrocities against the Jews committed by Hungarian soldiers. The main focus of my study is a comparative analysis on the similarities and differences among the actors’ fragmented contemporary and postwar narratives: the perpetrators, the liberators and the victims on the activities of and killings by the Hungarian soldiers. I analyze ego-documents (interviews, testimonies and other correspondences) of the survivors and perpetrators of digital collections and primarily from the Archives of Gedensktätte Bergen-Belsen and from the Military Archives (Budapest). I also explore the most significant military files as well based on the Archives of the Bergen-Belsen Memorial.
Eric fighting in Guatemala. Adaptation and proximation of medieval Arthurian literature in Manuel Vázquez Montalbán’s

Erec y Enide
Authors: Sanz Mingo Carlos
Published: September 2023

Europe boasts a large number of traditions and cultures which coexist in a relatively small space. However, despite this, different literary motifs and topics have been readapted and transformed into other different traditions. The Arthurian legend is a prime example of this. Whilst it originated in the British Isles, it rapidly expanded throughout the continent in many different cultural manifestations, from poetry to decorative arts, music to drama. The Arthurian legend acquired special importance in France, where Chrétien de Troyes’s Erec et Enide gave it a courtly touch. The Welsh version of the story, Geraint ap Erbin, is less courtly than its French counterpart but keeps elements proper to the Welsh tradition. Thus, the Arthurian legend developed in different cultural traditions throughout the Middle Ages and it is the object of readaptations even today. Erec et Enide was recently rewritten and readapted into Spanish as a contemporary story focusing on modern-day problems. Manuel Vázquez Montalbán’s Erec y Enide is an exceptional example of intercultural practice tailored to a culture (or even cultures) different from the original one in which it was composed. This article analyses the process of transferring and recreating the European medieval time and space of the French and Welsh texts into a Latin-American contemporary context, where brigands and thieves are substituted by henchmen and guerrillas and argues how translation can play a key role in the recreation of the medieval world in a contemporary setting.
Von den nahtweiden.

Mythologische Subtexte in der

Crône

Heinrichs von dem Türlin
Authors: Schanze Christoph
Published: September 2023

In der Gasoein-Episode der Crône Heinrichs von dem Türlin macht Gasoein gegenüber Artus ältere Ansprüche auf Ginover geltend. Um diese Ansprüche zu belegen, beruft er sich unter anderem auf die antiken Liebesgötter sowie auf die nahtweiden. Diese hätten ihm Ginover bereits bei ihrer Geburt zugesprochen. Der vorliegende Aufsatz geht der Frage nach, was nahtweiden sind und welche Funktion sie innerhalb der erzählten Welt der Crône, vor allem aber auf der Diskursebene haben.
Spatial light sources with various optical wavelength window for high speed broadband optical fiber channel system
Authors: Sree Parimi Hema , Chowdary Polavarapu Sushma , Kumar Chandran Ramesh , Selvaraju Madhubalan , Prabu Ramachandran Thandaiah , Mahmoud Rashida Maher , Ahammad Shaik Hasane
Published: September 2023

This work demonstrated the spatial light sources with various optical wavelength window for high speed broadband optical fiber channel system. 3D signal index polarization configuration is clarified in x direction generated from spatial light transmitter at both wavelength window of 1300 and 1550 nm. Average radial intensity and encircled light flux distribution are simulated together against radius generated from spatial light transmitter at both wavelength window of 1300 and 1550 nm. The degree of polarization and S parameters values are clarified generated from spatial light transmitter for the specified bandwidth 100 GHz at various wavelength window of 1300 and 1500 nm. The signal/noise power amplitude with spectral wavelength through the fiber channel at 1300 and 1500 nm wavelength window. Signal/noise power variations are indicated with time through the fiber channel at both 1550 nm, 1300 wavelength windows. The lighted signal power value is measured through the fiber channel at 1300 and 1550 nm wavelength window. Signal/noise power variations are demonstrated with time and spectral wavelength through PIN photo receiver at 1550 and 1300 nm wavelength window. The electronic signal power value is numerically measured through PIN photo receiver through 1300 and 1550 nm wavelength window. Through various optical wavelength windows of both 1300 and 1550 nm, the electronic signal power quality spectrum is numerically measured through PIN photo receiver.
Continuous wave light sources with various optical modulators for signal quality optical fiber systems enhancement
Authors: Swathi Nadipineni , Dimmita Nagajyothi , Shibu Soman , Selvam Arun Kumar , Ramkumar Govindaraj , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Omran Omar Karem
Published: September 2023

This study clarified the simulation study of the continuous wave light sources with various optical modulators for signal quality optical fiber systems enhancement. The lighted signal power spectrum is measured and tested with various optical modulators after fiber media system. Also the lighted base band modulated signal power value is demonstrated with different light modulators after fiber media system of the reach up to 10 km. The electrical modulated base band signal power value is clarified with various light modulators after receiver PIN system. Moreover, the electrical modulated signal base band power amplitude spectrum quality and data error system rate values are numerically clarified and measured with different light modulators after receiver PIN system. The electro-light modulators that are used namely amplitude, phase, frequency modulators and Mach–Zehnder modulator (MZM).
Integrating osteopathic manipulative treatment into prenatal care visits in a family medicine resident clinic
Authors: Rath Travis D. , Baum Kyle R. , Kamstra Bradley D. , Schriever Jennifer A.
Published: September 2023

Literature describing the integration of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) during prenatal care visits in a resident clinic setting are scarce. Concise and readily accessible resources reviewing OMT in pregnancy are limited. We sought to integrate OMT into routine prenatal care appointments in a family medicine resident clinic setting and create a concise resource for those performing OMT in pregnancy. Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain in pregnancy is common. Specifically, low back pain (LBP) often accompanies pregnancy and may negatively impact sleep, the ability to work, and the ability to complete daily tasks. Treatment options for LBP in pregnancy are limited due to the concern for fetal or maternal harm associated with pharmacologic options or invasive procedures. OMT is a low-risk intervention that has been demonstrated to improve back pain and reduce deterioration of back-specific function in pregnancy. Over a 12-month period, one resident physician offered OMT during routine prenatal care visits in a family medicine resident clinic. During the study period, we identified barriers to integrating OMT along with solutions. Barriers to integrating OMT were noted in three areas: clinic setup and logistics, attending physician awareness of OMT in pregnancy, and treating physician knowledge of OMT in pregnancy. OMT provides pregnant patients with additional treatment options and relief from MSK pain. This may reduce the number of patients with untreated MSK pain and benefit those who are unable to attend additional appointments outside of prenatal care due to financial or logistic barriers. OMT can be integrated into routine prenatal care visits in a training setting by providing complaint-specific OMT and determining how treatments can be performed for each unique examination room and table. Reviewing OMT in pregnancy with the attending physician prior to treatment, contraindications to OMT in pregnancy, and visualizing how treatments will be altered in pregnancy allows for smooth integration.
Determiner spreading in Rukiga
Authors: Asiimwe Allen , Kouneli Maria , van der Wal Jenneke
Published: September 2023

Determiner spreading, the phenomenon whereby adnominal modifiers carry an ‘additional’ determiner, has been studied extensively for a variety of languages, most notably Greek, Semitic, and Scandinavian languages. Interestingly, the same phenomenon occurs in the Bantu language Rukiga. We show how the Rukiga augment is parallel to the Greek determiner in the context of modification, and how it triggers a restrictive reading when present on a larger class of modifiers than familiar so far: relative clauses, adjectives, possessives, and certain quantifiers. Considering its morphosyntactic and interpretational properties, we propose that the variation in the presence versus absence of the augment on modifiers is due to different underlying structures, applying an analysis of determiner spreading in terms of a reduced relative clause structure.
Injective and coherent endomorphism rings relative to some matrices
Authors: Zeng Yuedi
Published: September 2023

Let

M

M

be a right

R

R

-module with

S
=
End

(

M

R

)

S={\rm{End}}\left({M}_{R})

. Given two cardinal numbers

α

\alpha

and

β

\beta

and a row-finite matrix

A
∈

RFM

β
×
α

(

S

)

A\in {{\rm{RFM}}}_{\beta \times \alpha }\left(S)

,

S

M

{}_{S}M

is called injective relative to

A

A

if every left

S

S

-homomorphism from

S

(

β

)

A

{S}^{\left(\beta )}A

to

M

M

extends to one from

S

(

α

)

{S}^{\left(\alpha )}

to

M

M

. It is shown that

S

M

{}_{S}M

is injective relative to

A

A

if and only if the right

R

R

-module

M

β

∕
A

M

α

{M}^{\beta }/A{M}^{\alpha }

is cogenerated by

M

M

.

S

S

is called left coherent relative to

A
∈

S

β
×
α

A\in {S}^{\beta \times \alpha }

if Ker

(

S

(

β

)

S

→

S

(

β

)

S

A

)

\left({}_{S}S^{\left(\beta )}\to {}_{S}S^{\left(\beta )}A)

is finitely generated. It is shown that

S

S

is left coherent relative to

A

A

if and only if

M

n

∕
A

M

α

{M}^{n}/A{M}^{\alpha }

has an

add

(

M

)

{\rm{add}}\left(M)

-preenvelope. As applications, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions under which

M

n

∕
A

M

α

{M}^{n}/A{M}^{\alpha }

has an

add

(

M

)

{\rm{add}}\left(M)

-preenvelope, which is monic (resp., epic, having the unique mapping property). New characterizations of left

n

n

-semihereditary rings and von Neumann regular rings are given.