bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REGIONAL DYNAMICS AND PROSPECTS FOR PEACE IN THE CONTEXT OF PAKISTAN-RUSSIA COOPERATION
Authors:   National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad., Rabbi Fazal , Kalhoro Javed Ali ,   National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad., Ahmed Muhammad Shakeel ,   COMSATS University, Islamabad
Published: February 2022

The bilateral relationship between Pakistan and Russia since 1947 has experienced many ups and downs. Several factors that directly or indirectly influence the nature and direction of bilateral relations between these two countries are the United States, India, and Afghanistan, etc. After many years of stagnation, there have been clear positive prospects for the development of bilateral and multilateral relations between Pakistan and Russia since September 11, 2001. Pakistan’s decision of joining the war against terror and efforts for peace and stability in the region has substantially changed Russian’s perceptions of Pakistan’s role. The CPEC and Russian's growing interest in trade and investment relations with Pakistan also provide opportunities for close interaction between these two countries. In the new international setup, the platform of SCO has provided an opportunity for improving the bilateral relations between Pakistan and Russia on certain issues of common interests including trade cooperation, countering terrorism, drug trafficking, and regional stability, etc. In the post-9/11, the bilateral relations- cooperation in various fields of mutual interest between Pakistan and Russia have been examined in this article. Keywords: Pakistan, Russia, Bilateral Cooperation, CPEC, Regional Peace
PRECARIOUS LIVES PRECARIOUS GEOGRAPHIES: REPRESENTATION OF BIOPOLITICS, VIOLENCE AND NECROPOLITICS IN CONTEMPORARY PAKISTANI ANGLOPHONE FICTION
Authors:   Mirpur University of Science & Technology, Ahmed Toqeer
Published: February 2022

This article examines the ways in which Pakistani writers—Jamil Ahmad’s The Wandering Falcon and Fatima Bhutto’s The Shadow of the Crescent Moon—rebut violence and politics of life and death in the tribal areas of Pakistan against the backdrop of effects of wars in the neighbouring Afghanistan. Even though violence varies between and within countries, Pakistan and its tribal areas have long been seen as the epicentre to execute or take refuge by those who have been involved in the acts of violence and extremism in the region. This tribal region due to its special constitutional status has been considered as safe haven for people fighting against their own state and in the region; first against the Soviet and later the Unites States-led war against terrorism which affected the life of people living in the region. Through the examination of literary texts, I argue that life in the tribal areas of Pakistan was managed through indigenous structures which maintained discipline for centuries before the region was exposed to foreign occupations and wars in the neighbouring Afghanistan; as a result of foreign occupations (Soviet and war on terror) in the neighbouring areas the strategies of domination, subjugation and occupation also changed. Using the theoretical framework of violence and politics of life and death developed by Michael Foucault, Achille Mbembe, Giorgio Agamben, Zygmunt Baumann and others, this article highlights the shift from ‘making live and letting die’ to ‘let live and make die’ in the tribal region between Pakistan and Afghanistan. It is qualitative research with a specific focus on violence in the selected texts in the context of tribal areas. The similar effects in other parts of the country can be explored through future studies. Keywords: Biopolitics, Necropolitics, Violence, Tribal Areas of Pakistan, Effects of Wars
IMPACTS OF ACTIVITY BASED TEACHING IN SCIENCE SUBJECTS IN SECONDARY PRIVATE SCHOOLS OF KARACHI IN THE CONTEXT OF JOHN DEWEY’S THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, Aminullah Hafiz , Kang Muhammad Akhtar ,   Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, Saeed Ahmad ,   Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
Published: February 2022

ABL or Activity base learning is the key point of student-centered classroom environment. classroom’s learning environment can be changed only by well-planned activities in which students must be engaged according to the theory of John Dewey’s theory of learning by doing. The research was made to enhance the importance of ABL in classroom especially for science subjects in Karachi. Since majority of teachers are still using the same old traditional method so it was very necessary to bring a positive change in their teaching style to bring positive impacts over the learning of students. Science is a vast domain, so the research was limited to the teaching of Chemistry at secondary level of Karachi in Privately managed schools. Beside enhancing teachers’ capabilities, the other objectives of the research were to find the impacts of ABL in classroom learning environment and its impacts over the personality of children. It is survey research The researcher selected 15 schools from each district of Karachi by using stratified sampling technique and thus total 90 schools were selected and then one of their principals and one teacher who used to teach chemistry there. It is found that teachers are not properly trained to manage and plan ABL in their classroom, so they avoid using this method in their classroom. School management also doesn’t support them. The research presented some recommendations for the improvement of classroom environment. Keywords: Activity based learning, Teaching, Science, Private Secondary Schools.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF APPLIED LINGUISTICS AND ECONOMIC PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH ARTICLES: VERB TENSE IN CONCLUSION SECTION
Authors:   Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad, Laghari Tania , Akhter Tahreem ,   University Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Mastoi Ruqia Bano ,   Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad/
Published: February 2022

Conclusions to research articles are considered an important part because they draw conclusions based on the findings, discuss pedagogical and policy implications, and make future recommendations. The paper looks at an analysis of the rhetorical structure of conclusion sections of journal articles. Despite the extensive exploration of the topic, it has not received much attention regarding the appropriate use of verb tense in conclusion sections. To achieve this end, a corpus of 50 research articles from Applied Linguistics and Economic Psychology was compiled and examined based on Yang and Alison’s (2003) model of move structure of the conclusion section. The findings of this study revealed that Move 2 (Evaluating the study) and Move 3 (Deductions from the research) are found to be obligatory moves in both sets of data. As far as the tense pattern in the moves is concerned, the frequency measure showed a slight distinction in the usage of verb tense; however, no significant difference between both disciplines was calculated. Furthermore, the results showed that simple present tense is the most frequently used tense in all the moves of two corpora. The findings of this study may prove helpful for ESL students regarding the preference of tense patterns while composing conclusion sections. Keywords: Verb Tense, Conclusion Section, Rhetorical Structure, Research Articles, Academic Writing
POLITICS OF AURAT MARCH: A GENDERED NEO-LIBERALIST INSIGHT INTO INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY CELEBRATION IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Nasir Muhammad Haseeb , Riaz Humaira ,   City University of Sciences & IT, Peshawar, Mirza Ejaz ,   National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad
Published: February 2022

The present study explores the discourse used in the ‘Aurat March’ celebrations in observance to International Women’s Day on March 9, 2019 in Karachi and Lahore, the major cities of Pakistan. Western post feminism has immersed into social and cultural norms of contemporary Pakistani society. Theoretically grounded in Gill’s (2006) concept of ‘gendered neo liberalism’ and Cixous ‘The laugh of the Medusa’, a qualitative enquiry into the selected posters hoisted in Aurat March procession highlights relevance of the march to the changing context influenced by strong opposing direction followed by Pakistani women. Such a deviation has led them to associate their situation to gendered neo-liberalism, a power exercise to seize the political rights of women. A critical thematic analysis of the slogans exposes the effectiveness of the posters on target group to foster new identities. The study concludes that instead of getting hold of political rights, the activism has greatly endangered women by foregrounding their bodies as ‘objects’ ready to be consumed further. Moreover, the idea of ‘sex self identification’ has created a chaos in Pakistani society directly in clash with religion and culture. For future researches, this study proposes an investigation at a broader level in Pakistani context if an explicit rejection of the social and cultural structures leads to bring change in the status of Pakistani women in general or the activism holds elite class women a priority. Keywords: Aurat March, Deviation, Activism, Post-feminism, body femininity, neo-liberalism
THE URDU AND ENGLISH MEDIUM DIVIDE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors:   Government Islamia Graduate College for Women, Lahore, Amanat Asma , Hussain Ashiq ,   Higher Education Department, Lahore
Published: February 2022

English and Urdu languages are used in Pakistan as official languages for spoken and written communication. In the education system of Pakistan, a linguistic divide exists, and it divided the Pakistani education system into two streams known as English medium and Urdu medium. In Pakistan, Government schools, colleges, and universities are Urdu medium and offer very low-price education to the poorer and middle-class communities whereas English medium schools, colleges, and Universities are owned by private organizations and offer education to economically well-off societies. The said disparity in the education system created self-identities and linguistic capital. Qualitative methodology and thematic data analysis techniques were used to prepare proper report findings to comprehend how scholars’ experiment and make their own opinions keeping in mind the past and present situations of education viz-a-viz social impact of English language learning. In this study, it is also recommended how inequalities and language discrimination can be removed in the government language policies. Keywords: English, Urdu, English-Urdu divide, English learning, Language challenges.
Employment Implications of Economic Liberalization: ARDL Based Evidence from Pakistan
Authors:   University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal. Pakistan, Abdullah Muhammad , Shoukat Ayza ,   University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal. Pakistan, Batool Hafsah ,   Lahore College for Women University, Lahore.
Published: February 2022

The current study attempts to investigate whether economic liberalization influences employment in Pakistan or not. Despite the traditional analysis, our study has employed the multiple indicators of economic liberalization (trade liberalization, foreign direct investment, and remittances) and checked the effect of each indicator on the employment level. Time series annual data for the period 1980 to 2018 has been used for empirical analysis. After checking for the stationarity of data, the study proceeds with the ARDL approach. The empirical results of the study have proved that employment is sensitive to each indicator of economic liberalization. All indicators of economic liberalization are positively and significantly affecting the employment level in Pakistan's economy in the long run as well as in the short run. The provision of public infrastructure also promotes employment levels in Pakistan. The government should take policy measures for promoting free trade, encouraging foreign inflows, exchange rate regulation, and liberalizing markets. Keywords: Employment, Trade Openness, Remittances, Foreign Flows, Public Investment
Vietnam and Philippines’ Hedging against China in the South China Sea: Economic and Security Perspectives
Authors:   University of Managment and Technology, Lahore, Askari Muhammad Usman , Tahir Muhammad ,   Riphah International University, Faisalabad
Published: February 2022

This article is based on the argument that despite competing for territorial claims and different military stands off, the competing states have shown considerable restraint and hedging behaviors against each other’s to not make the politics of the South China Sea on a point of no return. This assumption is correct in a way that on economic forums like Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), they have shown their consensus to resolve their disputes peacefully. But it seems wrong on the pretext that then why this economic interdependence has not provided the space to resolve their perennial territorial disputes in the South China Sea. To find out which assumption seems true, this article is based on the theoretical framework of the Strategic Hedging perspective. This study tries to find the answer to the research question of despite close economic interdependence and military stands offs, why regional states have failed to resolve the SCS dispute? China, the regional hegemon, claims the South China Sea (SCS) region as its core interest and provides the basis for its claims based on historical usage and part of the ancient Chinese dynasties. Vietnam has also shown inflexibility in its claim in the region overlapping with China and other competing states. Honai has also invoked international law to stop the Chinese territorial assertiveness in the region. The Philippines, one of the three important claimants of the SCS, has also tried to take help of the international court of arbitration and the support of global hegemon the US to extend its sovereignty in the disputed islands of the SCS. This article concludes with the findings that Vietnam and the Philippines are using constrain cum hedging to save their national interests from Beijing. Keywords: Politics, Hedging, South China Sea, Economy, Security, Spratly, Paracel
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Mechanism of Fisetin and Hesperitin
Authors: Mengmeng Yu Mengmeng Yu , Zhongbo Liu Zhongbo Liu , Liang Jin and Guizhao Liang Liang Jin and Guizhao Liang
Published: February 2022

Fisetin and hesperitin are two common flavonoids in plant medicines. In this paper, the mechanism of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition was systematically studied by combining experimental and theoretical methods. The HPLC results suggested that the XO inhibitory activity of fisetin (IC50, 0.140 mM) was superior to that of hesperitin (IC50, 0.635 mM). The spectrofluorimetry results showed flavonoids could induce the static fluorescence quenching of XO, indicating that they played the inhibitory activity by forming the complexes with XO. We showed the paramount force of fisetin and XO was hydrophobic; in the complex of hesperidin and XO, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals force were crucial forces. We used Autodock software for molecular docking. The results suggested that both fisetin and hesperitin entered the active pocket of XO, and the complexes were maintained by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction, which coincided with the experimental results.
Suppression of β-Cell Apoptosis from H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in MIN6 cells using Methyl Gallate
Authors: Tasneef Azam Tasneef Azam , Fouzia Noreen Fouzia Noreen , Bina S Siddiqui Bina S Siddiqui , Rahman M Hafizur Rahman M Hafizur , Sabira Begum Sabira Begum
Published: February 2022

A major parameter for diabetic relevant diseases and hyperglycemia is the β-cell apoptosis. Anti diabetic drugs used widely these days chiefly target to lower hyperglycemia along with prevention of β-cells from apoptosis. In this study three natural products methyl gallate, syringic acid, and butanedioic acid from Myricaria germanica were analyzed for β-cell protection. Methyl gallate provided significant β-cell protection from H2O2-induced oxidative stress mediated apoptosis in MIN6 cells at 50 μM (95.5% and#177; 16.0 vs 57.6% and#177; 1.1) and at 100 μM (85.5% and#177; 7.0 vs 57.6% and#177; 1.1) concentrations.
Gambaran Kepatuhan Mahasiswa dalam Melaksanakan Protokol Pencegahan Covid-19 di Stikes Suaka Insan Banjarmasin
Authors: Jamini Theresia , Machelia Septi
Published: February 2022

Virus Corona (Covid-19) merupakan penyakit yang menular melalui droplet dan aerosol yang mengandung virus SARS-CoV-2.  Menjadi masalah bagi seluruh dunia bahkan di Kalimatan Selatan karena penyebarannya yang semakin hari semakin bertambah terlihat dari meningkatnya angka positif Covid-19. Di Kampus Stikes Suaka Insan Banjarmasin  peneliti mengamati bahwa kepatuhan mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan protokol pencegahan perlu terus dijalankan dan ditingkatkan.  Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kepatuhan mahasiswa Stikes Suaka Insan Banjarmasin dalam melaksanakan protokol pencegahan Covid-19. Jenis Penelitian menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan responden penelitian sebanyak 38 mahasiswa Stikes Suaka Insan Banjarmasin. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi melalui google form. Data dianalisis menggunakan rumus distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 38 mahasiswa yang menjadi responden sebanyak 35 mahasiswa  (92,10%) Patuh,  3 mahasiswa (7,90%) Tidak Patuh. Dari hasil penelitian  didapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa mahasiswa Stikes Suaka Insan Banjarmasin mayoritas patuh dalam melaksanakan  protokol pencegahan covid-19.
Pengaruh Jenis Media dan Pakan Terhadap Kualitas Pupuk Organik Cair Cacing Tanah (Lumbricus Rubellus)
Authors: Rusniyati  , Lautt Bambang S. , Jaya Adi , Widyastuti Wahyu , Saleh Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mengetahui adanya interaksi antara jenis media dan jenis pakan terhadap kualitas pupuk organik cair pada kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus, 2) untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh jenis pakan terhadap kualitas hasil pupuk organik cair dari kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus, 3) untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh jenis media terhadap kualitas hasil pupuk organik cair pada kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial 4x3 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor perlakuan pertama G1 : Pupuk Kandang Kotoran Sapi 100% (1,4 kg), G2 : Kombinasi Media Pupuk Kandang Kotoran Sapi 50% (0,7 kg) dengan Tanah Gambut faktor perlakuan kedua P1 : Ampas Tahu = 150 g, P2 : Rumen Sapi = 100 g. Parameter pengamatan yang digunakan yaitu Bobot akhir cacing, pH, NO3, NO2, P, K, NH3 dan N. Hasil yang didapatkan adanya interaksi antara jenis media dan pakan terhadap kualitas pupuk organik cair pada kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus terhadap parameter bobot akhir cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus dengan kombinasi terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan kombinasi media pupuk kandang kotoran sapi dengan tanah gambut (155,77 gram) dan pada parameter pH. Terdapat pengaruh yang nyata pada jenis media terhadap kualitas hasil pupuk organik cair pada kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus tehadap parameter K faktor tunggal perlakuan kombinasi media pupuk kandang kotoran sapi (269,23 mg/l) dan terhadap parameter suhu dipagi hari pada faktor tunggal perlakuan kombinasi media pupuk kandang kotoran sapi dengan tanah gambut (26,50 oC), dan siang hari terdapat pada faktor tunggal perlakuan media kombinasi media pupuk kandang kotoran sapi dengan tanah gambut (29,26 oC). Sedangkan yang tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter senyawa NO3, senyawa NO2, unsur P, senyawa NH3, dan unsur N. Terdapat pengaruh yang nyata pada jenis pakan terhadap kualitas hasil pupuk organik cair dari kompos cacing tanah Lumbricus rubellus terhadap parameter suhu dipagi hari pada faktor tunggal perlakuan pakan rumen sapi (26,51oC).
The Intercultural Hermeneutics of Lamin Sanneh
Authors: Orji Cyril
Published: January 2022

The article examines the work of African historian Lamin Sanneh (1942–2019) on Christianity and world cultural process with a view to teasing out his intercultural hermeneutics and highlighting his contribution to World Christianity. Sanneh was one of the few historians and scholars of religion to recognize that the Enlightenment induced Christianity detached the notion of culture from Christian religious mooring. He also drew attention to the fact that Christianity has been used as a metanarrative to foster exclusion and therefore developed an intercultural hermeneutics as a counterforce. He insisted correctly that the Gospel of Christ, in its purest form, comes unclothed in a cultural garb. Thus, this paper argues that it was in fostering a historically-minded view of culture through emphasis on Bible translation and vernacular language that Sanneh resolved the dichotomy between religion and culture and made his major contribution to World Christianity.
Evaluación multitemporal en plantaciones de eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus L.), con el uso de teledetección y S.I.G. en el municipio de Inquisivi, La Paz
Authors: Gutiérrez Villalobos Susana , Tarqui Delgado Marcelo
Published: February 2022

El manejo y uso sostenible de los recursos naturales influye en la calidad de vida de una población o región, también presenta un impacto en el medio ambiente, fauna y flora que habita en una determinada zona, por esta razón es importante realizar una evaluación del cambios de uso de suelos, la pérdida o alteración de cobertura vegetal, a través de la evaluación multitemporal con el objetivo de evaluar la tasa de cambio en plantaciones de eucalipto entre los periodos 1996, 2005 y 2014 a través de un estudio de dinámica espacio-temporal, con imágenes satelitales, utilizando técnicas de Sistemas Información Geográfica y Teledetección, utilizando la metodología de comparación de coberturas de imágenes satelitales, uso de un índice de vegetación-implementación de una clasificación supervisada para la obtención de categorías de coberturas y cobertura antrópicas. Los cambios de cobertura identificados en la zona de estudio son en plantaciones de eucalipto obteniéndose un incremento en la superficie de 1 256.67 ha, también presentaron cambios significativos las coberturas; arbustos y pastizales con un decrecimiento de superficie de 2 331.32 ha, la categoría de áreas cultivadas se identificó un incremento de 96.03 ha, la categoría suelos desnudos presenta un incremento de superficie de 349.45 ha, la categoría de suelos con poca cobertura vegetal incrementó 506.88 ha, también la superficie de cuerpos de agua tuvo incremento de 3.91 ha y por último los bancos de arena incrementaron 118.38 ha en el periodo 1996-2014. Por otro lado, el uso de herramientas, como los sistemas de información geográfica (SIG), teledetección, permiten realizar estudios de modelización de variables, cuantificando dimensiones y/o cambios asociados a la evolución de cobertura vegetal y uso del suelo, por actividades antropogénicas.
EFEK PEMBERIAN TERAPI OZON DALAM PROSES PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS KAKI DIABETIK : STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Hidayat Nur
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan: Indonesia mendapat peringkat dua negara dengan penderita diabetes melitus (DM) terbanyak di wilayah Pasifik Barat. Prevalensi DM di Indonesia naik secara signifikan dari 0,7% menjadi 2% dalam satu dekade. Salah satu komplikasi DM yang paling sering muncul dan berbahaya adalah ulkus kaki diabetik (UKD). Penyembuhan UKD mengalami keterlambatan dan penggunaan teknik konvensional tidak lagi efektif. Terapi ozon diklaim dapat menyembuhkan luka. Namun, penelitian terdahulu belum bisa memberikan kesimpulan mengenai peran ozon dalam penyembuhan UKD. Untuk mengetahui efek penggunaan ozon dalam perawatan UKD, studi literatur ini dilaksanakan.

Metode: Artikel ini merupakan literature review melalui Google Scholar. Literatur ditelusuri berdasarkan kata kunci dalam rentang waktu 5 tahun terakhir yaitu tahun 2016-2021. Data disintesis menggunakan syntesis matrix dan diintepretasikan dengan teknik kualitatif deskriptif.

Hasil: Proses eliminasi mendapatkan 5 artikel final dari total 747 artikel. Penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya hasil yang negatif dari penggunaan ozon dalam perawatan UKD dan tidak melakukan observasi lebih dalam mengenai hal tersebut. Ozon berperan dalam menstimulasi growth factor dan ekspresi antioksidan tubuh sehingga proses penyembuhan UKD bisa dipercepat. Ozon juga berperan sebagai anti-bakteri yang mengontrol jumlah koloni bakteri secara signifikan. Penambahan ozon dalam terapi juga memberikan sensasi yang menyenangkan dan mengurangi nyeri perawatan.

Kesimpulan: Ozon memberikan efek yang positif dalam proses penyembuhan UKD.

 

Kata Kunci: Kaki Diabetes; Ozon; Penyembuhan Luka
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN PERAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN KONTROL KE PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PADA LANSIA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Sakinah Annisa Sri , Utomo Wasisto , Agrina Agrina
Published: February 2022

Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan keadaan peningkatan tekanan darah dengan nilai normal diatas 90/60 mmHg hingga 120/80 mmHg. Lansia hipertensi membutuhkan pengobatan jangka panjang dan keberhasilannya dipengaruhi oleh kepatuhan kontrol. Pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi saat ini menyebabkan terbatasnya lansia untuk kontrol ke pelayanan kesehatan sehingga dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga menjadi hal penting agar lansia patuh dalam menjalani pengobannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan terhadap kepatuhan kontrol ke pelayanan kesehatan pada lansia penderita hipertensi selama pandemi Covid-19.

Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 67 responden dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu usia lebih dari 60 tahun, menderita hipertensi lebih dari 6 bulan tanpa komplikasi dan tinggal bersama keluarga di wilayah kerja puskesmas Rejosari. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pusposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kepatuhan kontrol, dukungan keluarga, dan peran tenaga kesehatan yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan kontrol diperoleh nilai P (0,002) atau <α (0,05) dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kepatuhan kontrol diperoleh nilai P (0,002) atau <α (0,05) bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kepatuhan kontrol pada lansia penderita hipertensi selama pandemi Covid-19.

Kesimpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dan peran tenaga kesehatan dengan kepatuhan kontrol ke pelayanan kesehatan pada lansia penderita hipertensi selama pandemi Covid-19.

 

Kata kunci: Pandemi Covid-19, hipertensi, lansia, peran tenaga kesehatan, dukungan keluarga, kepatuhan kontrol
Predictive Value of Maternal Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin for Risk Assessment of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Yasmin Shakila , Reza Sara , Javed Aisha , Anum Amna , Noor Shahnaz , Noor Irum
Published: February 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to find out if measuring levels of beta HCG in early 2nd trimester can accurately predict HDP occurrence. Methods: This was a prospective observational study was conducted from August 2020 to September 2021 at OPD/IPD of Gynae Unit-II of Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. The tests were done at Pathology Department, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. Beta HCG levels of total 180 pregnant females who were in their second trimester (14-20) were assessed. Results: Out of 180 study subjects, 157 cases remained normotensive and 23 patients got hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Out of these 23 patients , twelve patients had mild hypertensive disease while eleven patients had severe disease. We noticed a significantly raised serum β hCG levels in females with htn disorder of pregnancy as compared to normotensive pregnant females. Conclusion: The study indicated that pregnant women with raised beta HCG levels in early pregnancy are at an increased risk of adopting gestational hypertension and related disorders so beta HCG in second trimester can be used as a good predictive test for HDPs. Keywords: Pregnancy, Beta HCG, Hypertensive pregnancy disorders, trimester, hypertension
Histopathological Features of Helicobacter Pylori Positive and Helicobacter Pylori Negative Gastritis in Endoscopic Biopsies
Authors: Lail Raees Abbas , Tahir Qurrat-ul-Ain , Sabir Sajjad Hussain , Siraj Saira , Shahzad Mariam , Naseem Nadia
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: The intention of this study was to compare the histopathological features of helicobacter pylori positive gastritis (HPPG) and helicobacter pylori negative gastritis (HPNG) reported at Department of Pathology, Sahiwal Medical College & Allied Hospitals, Sahiwal, Pakistan. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. It included all the gastritis cases proven on histopathology on endoscopic biopsies sent from Gastroenterology Department GHAQTH Sahiwal from January 2020 to December 2020. HPPG and HPNG cases were sorted and the data was analyzed with help of SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was used to find p-value and the value of p <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: In all 95 cases of gastritis were identified out of which 75.8% were HPPG and 24.2% were HPNG. More than 90% of HPPG had moderate and severe chronic inflammation in the biopsies as compared to only 17% in cases of HPNG and the difference was significant statistically (p < 0.00001). About 98% cases of HPPG showed activity as compared to 8.7% cases of HPNG and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.00001). Lymphoid follicles were seen in biopsies of 34.7% cases of HPPG while this feature was absent in all HPNG cases and this difference was statistically significant (p= 0.00994). No statistically significant variance was found in relation to age group, gender, location of biopsy and intestinal metaplasia in our study. Conclusion: HPPG more frequently shows moderate/severe chronic inflammation, activity and lymphoid follicles in endoscopic biopsies as compared to HPNG. Our data, first of its kind from Sahiwal, is in accordance with the available literature. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, endoscopic biopsy, histopathology
Comparison of Dynamic and Locking Compression Plates in Humeral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Iqbal Safdar , Malik Adnan Latif , Rehman Saif ur , Aslam Farhan , Zain-ul-Abidin Muhammad , Haq Abrar-ul-
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To compare the functional outcome of shoulder in humeral shaft fractures fixed with dynamic compression plate versus locking compression plate. Design: This was an RCT (randomized controlled trial). Study Settings: It was conducted at the Orthopedic Department of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore over 1 year from March 2018 to February 2019. Study Procedure: This study involved 62 both male and female patients aged between 18-60 years presenting in orthopedic emergency with humeral shaft fracture. These patients were assigned into two treatment groups randomly. Fracture in Group-A was fixed with dynamic compression plate while locking compression plate was used in Group-B. Outcome variable was functional shoulder outcome which was assessed after 12 weeks of treatment using Modified Constant and Murley Score. An informed written consent was gained from every patient. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.6±12.7 years. There were 45 (72.6%) male and 17 (27.4%) female patients in the study group with a male to female ratio of 2.6:1. The mean BMI of these patients was 27.9±3.4 Kg/m2 and 17 (27.4%) patients were obese. Left side was more frequently involved (53.2%) as compared to the right side (46.8%). Upon follow-up, the Modified Constant and Murley score was significantly higher in patients treated with DCP as compared to LCP (91.3±7.4 vs. 85.8±8.3; p-value=0.008). The frequency of excellent functional shoulder outcome was significantly higher in patients treated with DCP as compared to LCP (87.1% vs. 54.8%; p-value=0.005). When stratified similar difference was observed across various subgroups of patients based on patient’s age, gender, side involved, duration since injury and BMI. Conclusion: Dynamic compression plate was associated with significantly better functional shoulder outcome as compared to locking compression plate in patients with humeral shaft fractures regardless of patient’s age, gender, duration since injury, side involved and BMI which along with cheaper hardware cost advocates its preferred use in future practice. Keywords: Humeral Shaft Fracture, Locking Compression Plate, Dynamic Compression Plate, Functional Shoulder Outcome
Comparison of Phase 1 Cardiac Rehabilitation with and without Lower Limb Paddling Effects in Post-CABG Patients
Authors: Faizan Hamid Muhammad , Nazar Qurrat-Ul-Ain , Alias Akash Nahrat Kumar , Khalid Zubair , Shaukat Ali Maria , Farooqi A. , Arslan H. Rana M.
Published: February 2022

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of Phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation with lower limb paddling, with phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation without lower limb paddling. Study Design: Randomized clinical Trail Place and Duration of Study: Department of Cardiology, Rawal General and Dental Hospital Islamabad from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: Fifty four patients, 27 in each group were determined using general self-efficacy before intervention readings. Inclusion was made on post elective Sternotomy surgery, post extubation, both genders, age between 35 and 60 years, body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 30 kg/m2, hemodynamic stability, absence of arrhythmias. Results: The mean SF-36 at day 1 was 37.74±1.45 and at Day 7 was 90.42±11.8 in experimental group and 37.22±1.45 at Day 1 and 76.81±2.58 at day 7 for control group respectively. The mean FIM at day 1 was 31.48±5.07 and on day 7 it was 109.03±5.97 in experimental group compared to 33.66±5.34 on day 1, and 82.44±13.35 on day 7 for controls. The mean for self-efficacy at day 1 was 19.11±2.5 and at day 7 it was 62.59±3.17 in experimental compared to 21.11±3.59 on day 1, and 61.74±6.32 on day 7 in the controls. The mean EF was same at day 1 and day 7, in experimental group it was 53.11±4.8 whereas for control group it was 53.85±3.76 one day 1 and day 7. The mean ABGs at day 1 were 7.41±0.05 and at Day 7 it was 7.42±0.04 in experimental group whereas in the controls it was 7.39±0.39 at Day 1 and 7.44±0.01 at day 7. Conclusion: Phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation with and without paddling have similar effects according to ABGs and Ejection fraction. However, the quality of life was found significantly improved using paddling intervention during Phase 1 Cardiac rehabilitation compared to those without paddling. Hence it is implied that it is safe to incorporate paddling with phase 1 cardiac rehabilitation in post CABG patients. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Cardiac rehabilitation, CABG, Ergometer
Gender-Based Distribution of Medico-Legal Cases at Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah
Authors: Aslam Nadia , Magsi Inayatullah , Kumar Pardeep , Memon Muhammad Qasim Ahmed Khan , Imran Shahla , Alam Syed Perwez
Published: February 2022

Background: Injured patients who are brought to a hospital's emergency room or trauma centre undergo medical treatment, as well as a medico-legal evaluation and certification. In different societies, the likelihood of male and female population members engaging in physical attack and the usage of various weapons varies. Objective: To determine the pattern of medicolegal cases among men and women, as well as the type of weapon used during physical assaults. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah from 1st October 2021 to 30th September 2021. Methodology: Six hundred and forty eight cases were enrolled. The medical-legal records of the healthcare facility were used as the primary source of data for this investigation. Results:, There were 490 (75%) males and 158 (24%) females. Overall mostly blunt weapons 265 (40%) were used, as far as use of different weapons was concerned; in 216 male cases and in 49 female cases. Overall sharp edged weapon were used in 73 (11%). Firearm was used by 68 (10%), road side accidents were in 159 (24%) and 33 (5%) cases of sodomy males. Conclusion: Males were more likely to be involved in physical assault. The results found are consistent with the dominant male’s society standards. Sharp weapons were employed more than any other type of weapon. Keywords: Medico-legal, Blunt weapon, Sexual assault
Management of Genital Herpes Infection through Pregnancy
Authors: Mushtaq Qurratulain , Mudassir Asma Qamar , Aslam Pakeeza , Rasheed Tayyaba , Rasheed Tuba
Published: February 2022

Background: Genital herpes is a lethal infection prevalent in fertility age women and can lead into mortality and morbidity of neonates on transmission. Objective: To analyze the management techniques for genital herpes infection during gestation. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Saadan Hospital Allaho Chowk Johar Town, Lahore from 10-01-2020 to 09-07-2020. Methodology: Fifty females presenting genital herpes clinical symptoms were completely analyzed through symptoms and laboratory analysis and managed for their genital herpes through anti- viral drugs. Results: The mean age was 28.9±3.2 years. Thirty-two females were having genital herpes at their third trimester. The anti-viral drugs reduced genital herpes in 90% cases with 1.2% transmission rate in caesarean delivery while 7% transmission risk in vaginal delivery. Conclusion: Genital herpes can be managed by using antiviral medications and c sections in majority of the cases. Keywords: Genital herpes, Caesarean, Transmission
Melasma and its Association with Serum Iron Levels and Complete Blood Count
Authors: Aamir Rahila , Naheed Aqsa , Ahmed Aashi , Zehra Tehzeeb , Fatima Bilqees , Javed Ambreen , Rashid Dar Nasser
Published: February 2022

Objective: To observe association of Melasma with serum Iron and complete blood count indices Study Design: Case-control cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Dermatology, HIT Hospital Taxila from 1st May 2021 to 1st October 2021 Methodology: Fifty seven females having melasma were taken as cases and 48 non-pregnant females without melasma as control between 12-50 years of age. Women with pregnancy, history of cardiac or thyroid disease and usage of hormone therapy, phototoxic drugs or anti-convulsant drugs were not included. History and examination was done by a dermatologist. Modified MASI (m Melasma Area and Severity Index) score was used for assessing severity of melasma. Blood samples were collected and send for serum Ferritin level, TIBC and Complete blood count in both groups. Results: The mean age of females were 35±7.4 years, and 48 female patients with no melasma were selected as controls with mean age of 25.7±8.4 years. We also analyzed the effect of different hematological and general factors on mMASI score within group of melasma patient but again found no statistically significant effect of any of these on MASI score. Conclusion: There is no direct association between melasma, serum iron levels and blood indices. Keywords: Melasma, Serum ferritin levels, Complete blood count
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF TEENAGERS IN URBAN AREA IN BAGHPAT, U.P.
Authors: Singh Prachi , Mishra R.C. , Chauhan O.P. , Verma A.K.
Published: January 2022

The active rising stage of childhood is referred to as school age. Children's malnutrition is one of India's most significant problems. This issue is still being addressed throughout the country. Malnutrition, which is caused by insufficient nutrition, weakens the immune system and causes significant developmental delays. The key metric for determining a child's nutritional and health condition, as well as an indirect indication of well-being for adults, is development assessment. We used a predesigned and pre-tested questionnaire, anthropometric assessments, and clinical analysis to
conduct a cross-sectional study in urban slums of Baghpat, U.P. India, from August 2021 to October 2021 to investigate nutritional status in school-age slum children and examine factors associated with malnutrition. The mean height and weight of boys and girls in the sample population were lower below the CDC 2000 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) guidelines in all age groups. In terms of nutritional status, the age group 11 to 13 years had the highest incidence of stunting and underweight, whereas the age group 5 to 7 years had the highest prevalence of wasting.
However, all illnesses are more common in children with refractive defects, although only anaemia and rickets have a statistically significant gender disparity. Malnutrition was shown to be substantially greater among children born in communal homes, infants whose mothers' training was [below or comparable to] 6th grade, and infants of working moms. The majority of our impoverished school-aged children were found malnourished. Food and nutrition knowledge based on skills, nutritional fortification, proactive infection prevention, public healthcare staff preparation, and delivery of
comprehensive services are all encouraged.
DIFFERENCES OF PLANTING MEDIA AND CONCENTRATION OF ONION (Allium ascalonicum L) EXTRACT TOWARDS BODY GUAVA CITRA (Syzygium aquenum Burn)
Authors: Lukman  , Salawati  , Sjarifudin Ende
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of planting media and onion extract concentration on the growth of guava image cuttings using a factorial RAK consisting of 12 treatment combinations, namely: T0B1 = Soil with 17% extract, T0B2 = Soil with 33% extract, T0B3 = Soil with 50% extract, T1B1 = 3 kg Mixed soil 1 kg sand with 17% extract, T1B2 = 3kg Soil mixed 1 kg sand with 33% extract, T1B3 = 3 kg Soil mixed 1 kg sand with 50% extract, T3B1 = 3 kg Soil mixed with fertilizer 1 kg with 17% extract, T3B2 = 3 kg Soil mixed with fertilizer 1 kg with extract 33%, T3B3 = 3 kg Soil mixed with fertilizer 1 kg with extract 50%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 36 polybags. The results of this study showed that in observing the number of shoots the best-growing media treatment was T0 at the age of 6 WAP (4.33) and 7 WAP (4.56), the best concentration of onion extract was treatment B1 at 6 WAP (3,50) and 7 WAP (4,67), observing the number of roots with the best treatment B1 at the age of 8 WAP (3.00), observing the number of roots with the best B1 at the age of 8 DAP (3,96). There was no interaction between the growing media and onion extract.
GOVERNMENT POLICY OF THE CITY OF BANJARMASIN ON REDUCING THE USE OF PLASTIC BAGS (A CASE STUDY OF A GOVERNMENT POLICY OF THE CITY OF BANJARMASIN)
Authors: M. Sayuti Enggok  , Normajatun  , Deli Anhar
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of Banjarmasin city government policies in reducing the use of plastic bags in traditional markets in the city of Banjarmasin.

This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive analysis method. As a key informant,  the Head of the Sanitation and Waste Management Office of the Banjarmasin City Environmental Service has been interviewed to collect data. To complete the data, we also interviewed both sellers and buyers in the markets of Pandu and TelukDalam Banjarmasin City.

The results showed that the city government had implemented the policy through a socialization program in communication and transmission. The socialization program has been implemented in almost all the markets owned by the Banjarmasin city of government. Through the socialization program, we were found that the implementation of the policy was clear and consistent.

The  Banjarmasin City Environmental Service apparatus is the human resource involved in implementing the policy. The other resources came from the Banjarmasin City Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget in budget sources.

In terms of disposition, policy implementers are committed to carrying out their duties properly and democratically.  The existence of Standard Operating Procedures has guided the policy implementation in terms of bureaucratic structure.

However, implementation constraints still exist, such as public response,  including the general understanding of the policy's benefits to reduce the use of plastic bags.
THE ELECTION CONFLICT OF MANDAILING TRIBE LEADER: AN ANALYSIS ON VICTIMOLOGY
Authors: Kasmanto Rinaldi
Published: February 2022

In the study of victimology, it was explained that some of community members tended to be repeatedly victims of crime. So, as long as there is no recovery carried out regarding this problem, the community is described as continuing victimization. This happened in Sei Kumango Village, Sub-distric Tambusai, Rokan Hulu Regency, Riau Province. There is a confilct about the election of the Mandailing tribe leader in that village, and it made the community be in a very disadvantaged situation. Through qualitatives research approach, this research explained the conflict that occurs causes an adverse impact on the community in a psychological aspect and cultural aspect that exist in the community itself. In victimology, that problem is described as a form of Politically Victims, that is those who suffer because of their politic oponnent where it was explained that the conflict’s impact which had afflicted the community in both camps was an impact that occurred because of the leader election. Indirectly, the community became political victims of leader’s election in Mandailing tribe, Sei Kumangi village.
LEVEL OF DISCIPLINE ADHERING TO HEALTH PROTOCOLS AND VACCINATION WILLINGNESS AS PART OF COVID 19 CONTROL EFFORTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Naris Dyah Prasetyawati  , Sigid Sudaryanto  , Desi Fupix Usmaningrum
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has been set since March 2020 until now, has impacted various aspects of human life. Restricting community activities is the primary key to breaking the chain of transmission of Covid 19. Changes in human behavior patterns have also changed following current conditions towards adapting to new habits. This study aims to describe the level of community discipline in implementing health protocols and the public's willingness to vaccinate. The sampling method was taken randomly using a form opened within two weeks with the number of respondents filling out 241 respondents. The conclusion in this study was that the level of discipline of the respondents in applying the use of masks, washing hands using soap and air showed promising results and supported the discipline of implementing health protocols. The point that still needs attention is that measures to maintain distance, avoid use and reduce activities are still in the category that is lacking in implementation. While public perception of vaccines and availability for vaccines is also good, there are still a small number of people who doubt the vaccines and the methods used.