bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kualitas Air Tanah di Tiga Ibu Kota Kecamatan (Kutowinangun, Prembun dan Kutoarjo) dan Kaitannya dengan Sanitasi Lingkungan Sekitar
Authors: Sudarmadji S , Suyono S
Published: August 2017

Air tanah masih merupakan sumber air untuk keperluan sehari-hari bagi penduduk perkotaan, lebih-lebih kota kecil pada umumnya. Sumber daya air menunjukkan gejala penurunan kualitas yang disebabkan oleh dampak berbagai macam kegiatan yang menghasilkan limbah dan sistem sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang baik. Daerah-daerah perkotaan yang terletak di dataran alluvial pantai dapat merupakan daerah yang rawan terhadap pencemaran air tanah. Tiga ibu kota kecamatan, yaitu Kutowinangun dan Prembun, Kabupaten Kebumen dan Kutoarjo Kabupaten Purworejo yang terletak saling berdekatan diteliti untuk mengetahui kualitas air tanah yang merupakan sumber air domestik penduduknya dalam kaitannya dengan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan serta persepsi masyarakat terhadap pencemaran sumber air tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengadakan pengamatan di lapangan wawancara dengan penduduk serta analisis laboratorium terhadap sampel air tanah yang diambil. Hasil analisis laboratorium menunjukkan gejala kualitas air di tiga kota tersebut sudah memperlihatkan gejala penurunan, walaupun belum sampai melampaui ambang batas baku mutu air Golongan B. Penurunan tersebut terlibat dengan tingginya kadar NO2, SO4, Cl, COD dan bakteri coli. Diperkirakan bahwa tingginya kadar zat tersebut terkait dengan masalah limbah yang dibuang, yang didukung oleh sanitasi lingkungan yang masih belum baik. Kadar NO2 dan NO3 cenderung lebih tinggi di daerah pusat kota yang merupakan pusat aktivitas penduduk, dibandingkan dengan daerah pinggir kota. Limbah dari aktivitas kegiatan penduduk di pusat-pusat pelayanan umum, termasuk juga dari sarana transportasi di jalan raya dapat merupakan sumber pencemar air tanah. Bakteri coli pada umumnya tinggi di ketiga kota yang diteliti, melebihi 2400 MPN/100ml. Angka COD yang tinggi teramati didalam air tanah Kutowinangun dan Prembun, lebih dari 25% sampel di kedua kota ini memiliki COD diatas 10 mg/l, sedangkan di Kutoarjo relatif lebih rendah. Hal yang mirip didapatkan pada BOD. Persepsi penduduk terhadap masalah lingkungan umumnya beragam, namun terlihat bahwa penduduk dengan pendidikan di bawah SLTP masih belum mengerti atau kurang memperhatikan hal-hal yang terkait dengan pencemaran lingkungan.
Pendekatan Hidrologi untuk Penilaian Kegiatan Pengeloiaan DAS
Authors: Anna Alif Noor
Published: August 2017

Dalam evaluasi sumber daya air sasaran wilayahnya adalah daerah aliran sungai (DAS), karena pada DAS merupakan satu kesatuan sistem aliran energi, di dalamnya terdapat input, (berupa hujan), prosesor (kondisi DAS) dan output (limpasan bersama suspensinya). Disamping itu pemantauan hasil proses yang berhubungan dengan ekosistem akan lebih mudah dilakukan. Karakter DAS ditentukan oleh kondisi lingkungan fisik, biologik dan peradaban manusia pada kawasan tersebut. Karena DAS merupakan satu sistem dimana bila ada prosesor terdapat suatu perubahan, maka akan didapatkan hasil yang berbeda pada outputnya. Dengan kata lain satu lingkungan DAS terjadi perubahan, maka segera diikuti perubahan lingkungan yang lain. Dengan dasar pemikiran di atas, maka debit aliran sebagai keluaran bersama air, desimen dan unsur hara dapat dipakai untuk mengevaluasi kondisi DAS pada saat bersangkutan. Oleh karena itu pendekatan hidrologi dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan DAS. Indikator yang biasa dipakai adalah indeks Water Regime, koefisien aliran, sediment yield dan unsur kimia bersama unsur hara yang menyertainya. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti Sri Mulat Y (1984), Sarwono (1986), M. Fachrudin (7986) dan Maryono (1990). Dari peneliti tersebut ternyata tidak semua parameter hidrologi digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pengelolaan DAS, hanya beberapa yang digunakan, namun dalam evaluasinya menggunakan data seri dengan cara melihat trend (kecenderungan) masing-masing parameter dari tahun ke tahun berikutnya. Dari hasil yang didapatkan ternyata parameter hidrologi mempunyai kecenderungan yang menurun setelah dilakukan pengelolaan DAS. Dari bukti diatas dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pendekatan hidrologi dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu cara evaluasi pelaksanaan pengelolaan DAS. Namun pendekatan ini tidak dapat menunjukkan lokasi mana yang menghasilkan debit bersama suspensi dan unsur hara yang paling potensial. Di samping itu belum ada suatu kriteria yang baku guna menilai kondisi DAS, sehingga masih menyulitkan dalam analisanya.
Geografi Desa dan Pengertian Desa
Authors: Dilahur D
Published: August 2017

Geografi desa merupakan cabang geografi yang mengkhususkan diri pada study pedesaan. Desa merupakan obyek studi yang dikaji dari sudut pandang geografi yaitu pendekatan keruangan, pendekatan ekologi dan pendekatan komplek wilayah. Geografi desa sebagai sub disiplin geografi belum lama yaitu baru pada masa dasa warsa 1960-an. Hal ini disebabkan perhatian yang agak kurang terhadap masalah kemiskinan di daerah pedesaan negara-negara berkembang. Bidang kajian berkembang dengan pesat sesuai dengan umurnya yang masih muda. Problem utama yang muncul adalah pendefinisian baik pengertian geografi desa maupun pengertian desa. Geografi desa mengutamakan kajian dengan pendekatan geografi sedangkan desa dari sudut pandang geografi merupakan suatu wilayah.
A Hybrid Spiral Project Based Learning Model for Microprocessor Course Teaching
Authors: M. Mohammad Tarik
Published: August 2017

High demands for technology increase every day. These demands required expert engineers with high skills to keep up with technology demands. Engineering departments need to responded for this requirement to develop their educational methods. researchers began to develop educational methods and measure their effectiveness.  This paper develops an educational method to educate microprocessor course. The educational model mixed the spiral method and project based learning to achieve the desirable goal. Educational activities used in the educational method like lecture, lab, and project. also, virtual lab developed to achieve better learning performance. The proposed educational method evaluated in two ways. First, statistical analysis for students’ scores shows significant differences and improvement in the learning outcome. second, students survey shows very positive impact on students learning.
Design and Implementation of Smart Home Energy Management System Based on GSM Network
Authors: Saleh Noor H. , Mubdir Bilal A. , M. Al-Hindawi Asaad M. , Ahmed Adel H.
Published: August 2017

The aim of this research is to design and implement a prototype of a home energy management system based on SMS service on GSM network. The proposed system can remotely monitor and control the home appliances using a mobile phone. The proposed system consists of a microcontroller connecting home appliances and lighting through sensors and relays. The microcontroller is also connected with a GSM module to support this system operate with an existing GSM network. This system is implemented using a GSM module that is connected with the personal computer representing the designed microcontroller. The home appliances, sensors and relays are modeled and simulated using Visual Basic programs. Software programs are developed and built into the personal computer to activate and control the home appliances according to received commands from the user mobile phone or to monitor and send their status to the mobile phone according to user request. The implemented system is tested practically with several cases at different times and it operates successfully with reasonable flexibility and secure operation. A good compatibility of the developed programs is achieved, since the system is running continuously without interruption under normal conditions of GSM network operation. It is found that the execution times for control and monitoring massages are 19.63 seconds and 19.33 seconds respectively.
Grouping vehicles in Vehicular Social Networks
Authors: Mahdi Muhammed Abaid , Hasson Saad Talib
Published: August 2017

As vehicles have become intelligent objects, creating social friendships among them is justifiable. Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) and Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) are associated terms that are recently highlighted to improve the transportation systems. Intelligent vehicles that can communicate with each other are the main component of vehicular networks (VNs). Indeed, they have resources for that intelligence: CPU, transceiver, sensors and memory.  On the other side, social networks (SNs) are also brought to light to mainly study the human relationships. In this context, gathering these vehicles in social groups is reasonable to share their information by bridging VN and SN in a multidisciplinary research direction called vehicular social networks (VSNs).This paper will present a model to group vehicles in two types of social groups. Casual groups and permanent or formal groups will be discussed to increase social ties among vehicles that have the same interests. The results will be analyzed to clarify the most important factors that affect such these relationships.
Training Robot Arm 5 Degree of Freedom for Tracking the desired route using MLP
Authors: Kamangar Zahed , Saeed Soran , Zardoie Asrin
Published: August 2017

This paper work presents a new method of controlling the robot arm. The control system is the most important part of industrial robot. In industrial robot arms, it is very important to control the desired path and direction. In this paper, the presented control method is a multilayer neural network. Which controls and compares the location of the joins at the end point of the path relative to the zero position (the beginning of the path-static state). And try to learn the ultimate position of each joints due to changes in angles and direction of movement to carry out the motion process. The superiority of this method is that it can operate without considering 3D space (working space), the dynamic equations, and have Cartesian coordinates of the points on the desired path. Innovating this method of controlling the choice of the route is based on feedback from the vision system and human intelligence. This way, the operator selects and applies how to move the joints and the links of the robot and the method of walking the path. Applying the path through the movement of links and motion of joints and changing their angles in order to reach the end effector to the end point of the path. In this system, using the potentiometers (volumes) as an encoder connected to the axis of the joints, it is possible to obtain the location of the joints on the basis of variations in the voltage range and convert it to the equivalent digital 1024-0 values as has been used the MLP neural network input.
Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems in Wireless Networks
Authors: Al-Shourbaji Ibrahim , Al-Janabi Samaher
Published: August 2017

In society today, public and personal communication are often carried out through wireless technology. These technologies can be vulnerable to various types of attacks. Attackers can access the signal to listen or to cause more damage on the wireless networks. Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) technology can be used to monitor and analyze the signal for any infiltration to prevent interception or other malicious intrusion. An overview description of IDPSs and their core functions, the primary types of intrusion detection mechanisms, and the limitations of IDPSs are discussed. This work perceives the requirements of developing new and sophisticated detection and prevention methods based on, and managed by, combining smart techniques including machine learning, data mining, and game theory along with risk analysis and assessment techniques. This assists wireless networks toremain secure and aids system administrators to effectively monitor their systems.
Traffic Accidents Analysis on Dry and Wet Road Bends Surfaces in Greater Manchester-UK
Authors: Ismael Karzan S. , Razzaq Noorance A.
Published: August 2017

Road accidents becomes global health and safety issues because of the gradual increase in the number of injuries and fatalities. In the UK, road accidents due to weather conditions has been one of the traffic safety challenges for researchers as well as drivers particularly in Greater Manchester. This is because of its influence on driver behaviour approaching traffic lights on the road bends. Hence, to better understand driver behaviour, this paper presents various driving behaviour on wet and dry road conditions. Data were obtained from police reports of road accidents at hazardous locations in Greater Manchester between 2011 and 2015. The reported data covers information regarding: Accidents, Vehicle, and Casualties. The obtained data was used to examine how road surface is associated with road accidents by using Chi-Square statistical test. The analysis showed that road surface significantly contributed to accidents at bend roads. Moreover, drivers’ behaviour was investigated as they can be expected to have a significant impact on accident occurrence. Finally, the main goal is that these results might reflect the safety issue at bend roads.
A new control strategy for PMSG based wind turbine to improve power smoothing
Authors: Gholami Mehrdad , Shahryari Om-Kolsoom
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a new simple control strategy for direct driven PMSG wind turbines, using no wind speed sensor. There are several strategies for wind turbine control. Operation of different strategies in terms of power smoothing is compared. New strategy is proposed to have more power smoothing. Performance of the proposed strategy is evaluated by MATLAB/ Simulink simulations and its validity and effectiveness are verified.
STUDENT BUSINESS CENTER AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURSHIP CAPACITY FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Rachmasari Devi
Published: August 2017

Entrepreneurs obviously play significant role in the growth of economics as it canbe seen in the industrial countries which have more than 10% entrepreneurs oftheir population. Indeed, the role of universities in preparing the society, especiallytheir graduation to be self-employed, to be an entrepreneur is surely substantial.Entrepreneurship education is the answer in maximizing students’ capacity onknowledge as well as skill to be entrepreneurs. Many studies indicate the positiveimpact of entrepreneurship education. This paper will discuss entrepreneurshipeducation in Politeknik Ubaya especially through Student Business Center, a placewhere students are able to practice what they have learned in the classroom
ANALISIS PENILAIAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA DANA PENSIUN UNIVERSITAS SURABAYA
Authors: Sharasanti Diah Anugrah , Prayitno Ratnawati Hari
Published: August 2017

In accordance with the Act of Pension Fund, Number 11 of 1992, the participant fee is one of the pension fund assets which should be managed in line with the investment guideline outlined by the founder and investment regulation set by the ministry. The financial performance can be assessed by comparing the finance ration and the standard ratio. In addition, it can be evaluated by comparing the finance ratio of the current year and the fiancé ratio of the previous years. This research was aimed at analyzing the financial performance of the pension fund. The subject of this research is the Pension Fund of University of Surabaya, a pension fund from the employer with fixed benefits for participants and the parties entitled. The measurement of the financial performance was conducted for the financial statement of 2011 to 2016 and it refers to the ratio of the performance evaluation of the pension fund ADPI, that is, calculating and analyzing the ratio of ROI, Operating Cost Efficiency, Investment Cost Efficiency, Fund Sufficiency Ratio, Pension fund growth ratio. The result of the study showed that the financial performance of pension fund of University of Surabaya was categorized as “good” and ranked as level one quality.
Algunas notas sobre la "Misa de amores"
Authors: Alatorre Antonio
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Ulrich Leo, Zur dichterischen Originalität des Arcipreste de Hita. Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main, 1958; 131 pp. (Analecta Romanica, Beihefte zu den Romanischen Forschungen, Bd. 6).
Authors: Gilman Stephen
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Zur dichterischen Originalität des Arcipreste de Hita.
Mast cells in collagen diseases
Authors: Mikita Naoya , Inaba Yutaka , Yoshimasu Takashi , Kanazawa Nobuo , Furukawa Fukumi
Published: August 2017

Mast cells are involved in many immune reactions and diseases through 1) the expressions of several receptors, 2) productions of various mediators such as histamine, cytokines, and chemokines, 3) direct interactions with immune cells. Besides allergic diseases, mast cells have been also assumed to be involved in autoimmune diseases such as bullous pemphigoid, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Moreover, several studies reported the involvement of mast cells in collagen disease. In this article, we review recent findings about the role of mast cells especially in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. In these diseases, mast cells seem to be involved in local inflammation and tissue damage partially in the targeted organ rather than the development of autoimmunity including production of autoantibodies.
A Construção dos Círculos Restaurativos como Mecanismo Alternativo de Resolução de Conflitos no Âmbito dos Juizados Especiais Criminais
Authors: Freitas Luana Duarte Assunção de , Lopes Robson Mourão
Published: August 2017

O presente trabalho intitulado possui como escopo a explicitação acerca da Justiça Restaurativa, bem como de uma das suas práticas, denominada Círculos Restaurativos, expondo também os princípios e a forma sob a qual se dá a construção da referida prática restaurativa, e como a aplicação da mesma pode ser uma medida viável e compatível juridicamente com a dinâmica processual dos Juizados Especiais Criminais. Esse estudo vem sendo trabalhado pelo grupo de pesquisa Sistema Punitivo e Violência de Gênero: ressignificando a cidadania a partir da Justiça Restaurativa, desenvolvida pelo Núcleo de Justiça Restaurativa – NEJUR, promovida pela Faculdade Pitágoras do Maranhão. Nesse sentido, ao partir de referências bibliográficas, valeu-se, de forma exordial, do método de pesquisa hermenêutico e foi adotado o método indutivo, visto que o referido estudo, para chegar à demonstração da verdade, partiu de fatos particulares.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Círculos Restaurativos. Juizados Especiais Criminais. Justiça Restaurativa.
Antologia da Academia Maranhense de Letras: 1908*1958.
Authors: Azevedo Kaline Silva
Published: August 2017

São Luís: Academia Maranhense de Letras/ CEUMA  Universidade, 2007, 263p. A Academia Maranhense de Letras, fundada em 1908, completou, em 1958, seus 50 anos. Em 2007, seu então presidente, Joaquim Itapary e um grupo do sodalício desejaram publicar, em técnica fac-similar, a edição lavrada em 1958.O propósito residiu em que, como diz o seu presidente: “Esta é uma obra rara, de edição esgotada. É, para a academia, um documento de alto valor relativo à sua história. Em razão dessa inegável significação histórica, a Comissão Editorial decidiu republicá-la, preservando, assim, a integridade do texto original.”Solicitada a participação da Universidade CEUMA, esta fez editar trezentos exemplares a título de colaboração.O livro contém cento e quatro autores, prosadores e poetas, professores, advogados etc., com suas respectivas bibliografias.Como se observa, houve uma ideia feliz dos organizadores em casar as biografias com um texto de um dos trabalhos produzidos, de maneira que o leitor se informa sobre os lances vivenciais dos escritores e suas obras.Assim sendo, somos sabedores de mil e uma peripécias a respeito da vida dos acadêmicos, por exemplo: sobre Gonçalves Dias, fica-se sabendo que foi filho “de um reinol transmontano, comerciante de profissão, e de uma mestiça”; de Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, o leitor fica a par de que “estudou primeiramente num colégio jesuíta do Rio e, em seguida, no Pedro II, demonstrando sempre inteligência viva e aplicação incomum”. Como se observa, uma galeria de fatos e fenômenos humanos interessantíssimos. À página 257, o ex-presidente da República, José Sarney Costa, é analisado em um poema singular, lavrado para sua filha Roseana. Assim, sabemos que ela era e é “anjo e pássaro agora sou/o teu sorriso me prolonga/além do dia, além da noite”.Portanto, a Antologia da Academia Maranhense de Letras, em sua edição cinquentenária, mais do que um documento cultural, é uma amostra irretorquível de carinho pelos nossos escritores, de cuidado pela nossa cultura e de acendrado civismo e amor eterno pelo Maranhão.
FISURAS Y ESCOLLOS EN LA INSTITUCIONALIZACIÓN DE LA LIBERTAD DE LOS ESCLAVOS: LAS JUNTAS DE MANUMISIÓN EN LA PROVINCIA DEL CAUCA, 1821-1825
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: August 2017

El propósito de este trabajo consiste en examinar el desarrollo inicial de las juntas de manumisión en la provincia del Cauca durante los primeros años de la República. La falta de recursos, el escaso compromiso de los funcionarios, los vacíos legales, la falta de coordinación entre los diferentes niveles de gobierno y la persistente oposición de albaceas y herederos, fueron algunas de las causas que explican la poca efectividad de estas juntas en un territorio afectado por la crisis fiscal y los efectos de la prolongada guerra de Independencia. De alguna forma, estos problemas marcaron desde un comienzo el fracaso de la institucionalización y descentralización del proceso de manumisión
PEDRO LEÓN ARBOLEDA, PERIODISTA DE RELATOR: LABOR INTELECTUAL E IZQUIERDA POLÍTICA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Castro Gómez Sandra , Serrano Corredor Camilo Ernesto
Published: August 2017

Este artículo analiza la labor periodística del joven Pedro León Arboleda en el diario Relator, de Cali, entre los años 1958 y 1959. A partir de ella se pretende contribuir en la reconstrucción biográfica de quien posteriormente resultaría ser uno de los intelectuales determinantes del debate de las izquierdas colombianas de mitad de la década de 1960; aportando elementos sobre su producción intelectual temprana y sobre su activismo en el sindicalismo de los trabajadores de la prensa.
HELMINTOFAUNA DE Didelphis albiventris (LUND, 1841) NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALOTINA, PARANÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Zabott Marivone Valentim , Pinto Simone Benghi , Viott Aline De Marco , Gruchouskei Leonardo , Bittencourt Laura Helena França de Barros
Published: August 2017

Entre fevereiro de 2009 a abril de 2011, nove exemplares adultos (sete machos e duas fêmeas) de Didelphis albiventris (Lund, 1841), foram encontrados mortos por atropelamento no município de Palotina, Paraná. Os animais foram encaminhados para necropsia e coleta de material. Os parasitos encontrados foram fixados em formol acético e, posteriormente identificados. Os nove gambás estavam parasitados por helmintos, com predominância para o filo Nemathelminthes (66%), seguido por Acanthocephala (17%) e Platyhelminthes (17%). Foram isolados os seguintes helmintos e respectivas prevalências: Turgida turgida (89%) no estômago; Cruzia tentaculata (44%), Aspidodera sp. (22%) e Trichuris sp. (11%) no intestino grosso; Hamanniella microcephala (78%) e Rhopalias coronatus (11%) no intestino delgado. Em 80% dos D. albiventris ocorreu a associação parasitária entre, no mínimo, duas espécies de helmintos.
中国阜阳市粮食生产实现“十三连丰”的因素分析
Authors: 马 雷锋
Published: August 2017

中国安徽省阜阳市 2016 年全年粮食产量达到 557.2 万吨，粮食生产实现了“十三连丰”, 连续 4 年荣获“全国粮食生产先进市”称号。这与阜阳良好的气候环境、农业科技的投入、农业政策的落实、农田水利的加强、科学的田间管理等方面的因素分不开。
社会工作参与低保家庭的救助 ——社工专业学生带动大学生实践群体参与 低保救助的路径探讨
Authors: 张 方姣 , 田 婷婷
Published: August 2017

对中国长春市低保家庭进行了入户调查，从低保户家庭的实际情况入手，通过访谈和文献分析等方法，对低保户的现状和问题进行分析。本文主要从丰富低保救助支持网络的角度出发，探讨了社工专业学生和大学生实践群体如何进行参与，并提出了笔者的建议。
化工企业电气检修安全管理存在问题及改进措施
Authors: 马 小平 , 杜 辉 , 刘 杰
Published: August 2017

随着电力科学技术的飞速发展，各类电气设备的使用越来越多，化工企业在年度电气检修过程中，由于制度和措施的不完善，也陆续发生了设备损坏和人员伤亡的事件，本文重点将从电气设备检修安全管理制度方面来分析介绍电气设备检修中的安全管理措施。
人工智能在中国法院信息化建设 大背景下的作用及前景研究
Authors: 李 超
Published: August 2017

2016 年，中国最高人民法院院长、信息化建设工作领导小组组长周强在中国最高法信息化建设工作领导小组会上强调“加快建设人民法院信息化 3.0 版，加快建设智慧法院”，推进审判体系和审判能力现代化。信息化在提高审判质效、服务法官办案、增强便民诉讼、推进精确管理、优化办公效率等发挥着重要的作用，促进了中国司法为民、公正司法，法院信息化建设的程度，直接关系到中国司法现代化的进程。
独立学院转型发展策略研究 ——以中国河北某学院为例
Authors: 康 乐 , 白 志超
Published: August 2017

独立学院作为中国高等学校的重要组成部分，发展方向定位为应用型大学已得到共识，建设应用型大学已经成为独立学院转型的重中之重。独立学院向应用型大学转型对服务地方经济和实现自身的可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以中国河北某学院为例，从调整人才培养模式和专业设置、优化师资队伍、加强校企合作、重视科研工作、推进国际交流、广开就业渠道、彰显办学特色等方面介绍独立学院转型的主要措施。
关于提高档案管理科学化水平的具体分析
Authors: 陈 大为 , 侯 振朝
Published: August 2017

伴随着经济的发展和各类体制改革的开展与深化，事业单位的档案数量在不断的增多，这种情况下，若事业单位的档案管理工作任然使用传统的管理方式，就会导致档案管理效率不高。为此，在信息时代到来的现下，针对企事业单位档案管理中存在的问题，必须采用较高科学化水平的档案管理方式进行档案的管理。
浅谈如何控制资本运作的风险
Authors: 潘 勇
Published: August 2017

本文通过对资本运作过程中存在的财务风险、经营风险、市场 风险的分析，提出了资本运作风险的特点，最后根据自己多年从事工作 的经验，提出了控制资本运作风险的对策，以及能够为企业工作的顺利 开展提供有效的保障。
Etograma da caturrita, Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert, 1783) em ambiente natural
Authors: Ayres-Peres Luciane , Silva Carlize Camargo da
Published: August 2017

No estudo do comportamento animal, o etograma é a base para o entendimento do comportamento de espécies pouco conhecidas, como também para comparar comportamentos de diferentes populações de uma mesma espécie. Este trabalho teve por objetivo descrever os padrões comportamentais de Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert, 1783) em ambiente natural. Foi observada uma população de indivíduos adultos, em um pequeno fragmento de mata, no município de Manoel Viana/RS – Brasil, divididos em dois períodos de 20 horas cada, no outono e primavera de 2015, totalizando 40 horas. As observações foram realizadas com o auxílio de um binóculo 30 x 50 mm e câmera fotográfi ca do tipo digital Fujifi lm Finepix S4800 zoom 30x e realizadas utilizando as amostragens dos tipos animal focal e snapshot (ou amostragem instantânea). Foram observados e minuciosamente descritos todos os atos comportamentais apresentados e, também, foi elaborado um etograma representando as 15 condutas detectadas, agrupadas em cinco categorias: manutenção, locomoção, nidifi cação, socialização e vocalização. A partir da análise quantitativa dos comportamentos apresentados por M. Monachus, em função da sazonalidade, verifi cou-se que não houve variação do mesmo entre as duas estações avaliadas (t=0,189, p=0,850). Pode-se verifi car uma grande semelhança entre os atos comportamentais de M. monachus com outras espécies de psitacídeos.
Inovando e instituindo outras formas de estar juntos nos eventos acadêmicos
Authors: Oliverira Valeska Maria Fortes de , Debus Ionice da Silva
Published: August 2017

Este texto parte de uma refl exão acerca de um trabalho de cunho inovador acerca dos eventos na área da Educação. Esta ideia vem sendo realizada pelo Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação e Imaginário Social (GEPEIS), da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, sendo foco deste trabalho o V Ouvindo Coisas – a instituição imaginária da cidade: a cidade que temos e a cidade que queremos. Ao organizarmos este evento, pensamos em uma confi guração que funcionasse como dispositivo de refl exão sobre os formatos atuais de eventos na área educacional, onde as trocas, os intercâmbios e as escutas entre os pesquisadores têm sido difi cultados. Com esta ideia, viemos há cinco anos buscando trabalhar contra a lógica individualista que está instituída na maioria dos espaços acadêmicos, pois acreditamos na importância de se estabelecerem relações que promovam a escuta do outro. No desejo de transmutar o formato clássico dos eventos na contemporaneidade, oferecemos aos participantes experimentações sensíveis a partir do vivido.
Zustand und Entwicklung siedlungsnaher Wälder – Ergebnisse aus dem LFI
Authors: Fischer Christoph , Brändli Urs-Beat
Published: August 2017

State and development of forests close to settlements – results from the NFI

For more than 30 years, the national forest inventory (NFI) has been reporting on the state and development of the Swiss forest and its services. Here, for the first time on the topic of “urban forest”, focusing on the forests in the Swiss lowlands, where all urban centers are located. Due to missing definitions we classified the forest according to household equivalents in the vicinity of NFI plots. The forest was classified as either close to settlements (urban) or far from settlements. Using indicators, we compared both categories in order to answer the following questions: 1) How common are forests close to settlements? 2) How do forests close to settlements and far from settlements differ? 3) Is there a potential for conflict of use? 4) Which developments could be observed in relation to forest perception in the last 20 years? 29% of the forest in the lowlands is close to settlements. Five out of ten indicators on forest provision do not differ between both forest categories. Differences occur in relation to the degree of mixture and forest structure. Furthermore, close to settlement forests have more forest roads, recreational facilities and a primary “recreation” function. Regardless of their primary function, forests close to settlements are more intensively used for recreation. Following the NFI model on nature provision for recreation, the forest area with high nature provision has increased in the last 20 years, for all forests. The results indicate that both forest categories are quite similar and are managed in a similar way. Due to the intensive recreational use of lowland forests close to settlements, a certain conflict potential between recreationalists and forest owners is given, posing a challenge for forest managers.
Metalleinträge in terrestrische Ökosysteme: Analyse von Daten aus Modellierung und Biomonitoring
Authors: Nickel Stefan , Schróder Winfried
Published: August 2017

Metal deposition into terrestrial ecosystems: evaluating data from modelling and biomonitoring

In Germany, atmospheric deposition of heavy metals derived by modelling and measurements using biological and technical samplers are used to spatially differentiate respective European data. However, a comparative analysis is still missing. Therefore, this article compares results from deposition modelling derived by LOTOS-EUROS and EMEP with data on heavy metals concentrations in leaves, needles and organic surface soil collected by intensive forest monitoring (ICP Forests Level II) and the Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB). The concentrations in leaves and needles collected during the years 2007–2011 for the specimen bank revealed clear correlations with the modelled values. They were specific for the matrices sampled and, in case of Cd concentrations in one year old spruce needles, for ecosystem types. Thereby, the correlations with LOTOS-EUROS were stronger than those with EMEP. Yet, these differences could not be proved to be significant. Most data retrieved from ICP Forests Level II monitoring showed stronger correlations with EMEP. They are lower than those calculated from specimen bank data. The advantage of IPC Forests Level II data is that it yields concentrations for different age groups of needles. Rather high correlations were found especially between LOTOS-EUROS results and Pb concentrations in two year old needles collected from pine and spruce. Additionally to leaves and needles, Forests Level II data were used to analyze heavy metal concentrations in organic soil layers. Significant correlations were computed for Cd between the modelled total deposition and respective concentrations in OH soil layers and for Pb between modelled total deposition and OL and OH soil layers. The different biomonitoring networks should be connected more tightly to enhance the spatial significance of their common data.
Effect of Levothyroxine Replacement on Lipid Profile and Renal Function of Primary and Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients
Authors: Mir Ahmed Salam , Latif Zafar Ahmed , Ashrafuzzaman SM , Afsana Faria
Published: August 2017

Background: Hypothyroidism is an important endocrine disorder associated with deleterious effects on multiple systems including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, renal and nervous system. It is established that thyroxine replacement shows improvement in many clinical and biochemical parameters of overt hypothyroidism, but there is scarce data about these disorders in this sub-continent. The present study intends to find out the effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile and renal function in hypothyroid patients.Methods: This was an observational cohort study, done in endocrine inpatient and outpatient departments of BIRDEM General Hospital from August 2013 to July 2014. Patients with newly detected hypothyroidism, both primary and subclinical, were selected by convenient sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the clinical and laboratory informations from the patients. Baseline clinical and laboratory informations including lipid profile and serum creatinine were collected and e-GFR was calculated. Then tablet levothyroxine was started at a dose of 25 micrograms/day and adjusted by 12.5-25 micrograms/day dose increments 4-6 weekly till FT4 and TSH were normalized. After 6 months, clinical and biochemical data were collected and e-GFR calculated.Results: Seventy four hypothyroid patients were followed up for 6 months. All the patients became euthyroid during this time with thyroxine replacement (mean daily dose of thyroxine 96.61 ±25.62 micrograms). There was significant improvement in hypothyroid symptoms and significant reduction in weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the patients after thyroxine replacement. There was reduction in total cholesterol (187.66 ±19.90 mg/dl to 164.37±17.49 mg/dl, P<0.001), LDL (P<0.001) and triglycerides (P<0.001) but HDL did not increase significantly (31.93 ±2.99 mg/dl to 31.98 ±2.75 mg/dl, P=0.46). Renal function improved significantly in terms of eGFR (74.78±13.70 ml/min/1.73m2 to 89.23±18.24 ml/min/1.73m2, P<0.001).Conclusion: The present study concludes that there is increased prevalence of dyslipidaemia and renal dysfunction in hypothyroid patients in this cross-sectional population. Adequate replacement of thyroxine can, at least in part, reverse these problems. It also shows significant improvement of the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, which is regarded by many authors as mild thyroid failure.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 187-193
Clinical Presentation of Preterm Neonates with Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka
Authors: Ahmed Tasnima , Baki Abdul , Begum Tahmina , Nahar Nazmun
Published: August 2017

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is common among preterm infants as many of them survive with the advancements in neonatal care. Severe IVH may lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of our study is to find out the significant clinical signs of IVH in preterm neonate for early detection by ultrasonography.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in special care baby unit (SCABU), Bangladesh Institute of Research & rehabilitation of Diabetic, Endocrine & metabolic Disorder (BIRDEM) for a period of one year. Eighty five preterm neonates were included in this study. Clinical features of IVH like- convulsion, lethargy, irritability, bulged fontanelle, recurrent apnea, sudden onset of respiratory distress, sudden pallor and bradycardia were observed. Cranial ultrasound studies were done within 7 days of life in all cases to identify IVH.Result: Mean gestational age of these neonates was 31.31(±2.2) weeks & mean birth weight was 1413.42 (±330.55) gm. Among 85 preterm neonates 21(24.7%) developed IVH, confirmed by ultrasonography of brain. Clinical features like convulsion, bulged fontanel, repeated apnea & sudden pallor were significantly present in IVH group.Conclusion: Intraventricular Hemorrhage constitutes an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonate. This study showed that clinical features like convulsion, bulged fontanel and sudden pallor had a significant relationship with intraventricular hemorrhage which will help for its early detection.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 194-197
Role of Haematological Score in Early and Rapid Diagnosis of Neonatal Septicaemia
Authors: Khan Shareen , Baki MA , Halder Amrita Lal , Haque Afroza , Begum Tahmina , Nahar Nazmun
Published: August 2017

Background: Septicaemia is well documented as being one of the major causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide including Bangladesh. A haematological scoring system which includes total WBC count, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count and C reactive protein may be beneficial for the early and rapid diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia. So this study was done to see the role of the haematological score in neonatal septicaemia.Methods: This observational study was done in SCABU, BIRDEM General Hospital 2 from April 2012 to September 2012. One twenty neonates who were clinically suspected of septicaemia were enrolled in this study. A score of 1 was given for each of the haematological parameters. Blood culture was done in all neonates along with haematological score to prove septicaemia.Results: In this study 42 neonates had a score of 1,a score of 2 was present in 45 neonates. Score 3 was present in 23 neonates and score 4 was present in 10 patients. Among the 42 neonates having a score of 1, culture was negative in 69% and 30% had positive culture reports. In neonates with score 2, it was seen that almost half (46.4%) had a positive blood culture and the rest (53.3%) were culture negative. Twenty three neonates had a score of 3 among which 73.9 % were proven sepsis by positive culture reports. Blood culture was positive in 100 % patients with a score of 4.Conclusion: The higher the score the greater the chance of neonatal septicaemia. The haematological scoring system may aid the clinicians to use proper antibiotics at the right time and thus reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 212-215
Emerging Viral Diseases
Authors: Ahmed Jamal Uddin , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Uddin Khwaja Nazim
Published: August 2017

Human life is intricately related to its surrounding environment which also harbors other animals and some deadly infectious pathogens. Any threat to the environment can thus increase the threat of new and so-called emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) especially novel viral infections called emerging viral diseases. This occurs partly due to changing climate as well as human interference with nature and animal life. An important event in new disease emergence is genetic changes in the pathogen that make it possible to become established in a new host species, productively infect new individuals in the new hosts (typically humans) and create local, regional or worldwide health threats. The world has witnessed some emerging and deadly viral threats in recent past with huge mortality and morbidity. Among them were severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), bird flu, swine flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), ebola virus disease. Moreover some disease has caused great concern in certain regions including Bangladesh in terms of morbidity, like Nipah virus, Zika virus, Dengue and Chikungunya fever. Here in this article an attempt was made to briefly describe some of these emerging viral infections.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 224-232
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency due to Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Case Report
Authors: Shefin Sultana Marufa , Hossain Kazi Nazmul , Ahmed Jamal Uddin , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizur
Published: August 2017

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease in developing countries like Bangladesh. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) poses a significant threat to the population. A relatively uncommon site of involvement of TB is adrenal gland, which is an important cause of chronic adrenal insufficiency. Here we present a case of a 40-year-old male with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) involving the adrenal glands. He was previously diagnosed as a case of disseminated TB involving lungs, right knee joint and lumbar spine and received anti-TB chemotherapy for several occasions and in different categories in last 12 years before this presentation. He presented with 4-month history of vomiting, diarrhea, generalized weakness, generalized pigmentation and postural hypotension. Investigations revealed hyponatremia with hyperkalemia. Adrenal insufficiency was suspected and serum cortisol was found to be low and serum adreno corticotropic hormone (ACTH) was high. On imaging there was bilateral adrenal enlargement. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done from adrenal gland which revealed granulomatous lesion suggestive of TB. Gene Xpert and culture-sensitivity of aspirated material for Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed MDR-TB. Patient was finally diagnosed as a case of primary adrenal insufficiency due to MDR-TB of the adrenal glands and was treated with regime for MDR-TB for 20 months.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 235-237
Pulpotomy of Primary Molar Teeth with Biodentine  A Case Report
Authors: Sheikh Md Abdul Hannan , Khanum Shakila , Sheikh Abdul Kader , Nisa Shamsia Sultana
Published: August 2017

A 7-year-old boy was referred to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medial University (BSMMU) with pain on his left lower jaw. After clinical and radiological examination, it was diagnosed as a case of reversible pulpitis. Biodentine pulpotomy was performed followed by permanent restoration with glass-ionomer. The presented case was done to evaluate the efficacy of Biodentine as pulpotomy medicament in primary molar teeth, on follow-up it was found to be successful.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 238-241
Stochastic and Higher-Order Effects on Exploding Pulses
Authors: Descalzi Orazio , Cartes Carlos
Published: August 2017

The influence of additive noise, multiplicative noise, and higher-order effects on exploding solitons in the framework of the prototype complex cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation is studied. Transitions from explosions to filling-in to the noisy spatially homogeneous finite amplitude solution, collapse (zero solution), and periodic exploding dissipative solitons are reported.
Supplementation with Achyrocline satureioides Inflorescence Extracts to Pregnant and Breastfeeding Rats Induces Tissue-Specific Changes in Enzymatic Activity and Lower Neonatal Survival
Authors: Moresco Karla , Silveira Alexandre , Schnorr Carlos , Zeidán-Chuliá Fares , Bortolin Rafael , Bittencourt Leonardo , Mingori Moara , Heimfarth Luana , Rabelo Thallita , Morrone Maurilio , Carini Juliana , Gelain Daniel , Bassani Valquiria , Moreira José
Published: August 2017

Achyrocline satureioides (AS, family Asteraceae) is a plant widely used in traditional medicine for stomach, digestive, and gastrointestinal disorders during pregnancy. Studies regarding the indiscriminate use of plant infusions during pregnancy are limited. Recent reports have shown that chronic flavonoid supplementation induces toxicity in vivo and raises the mortality rates of healthy subjects. Therefore, we investigated whether supplementation of pregnant and lactating Wistar rats with two AS inflorescence extracts, consisting of an aqueous (AQ) extract similar to a tea (47 mg·kg−1·day) and a hydroethanolic (HA) extract (35 mg·kg−1·day−1) with a higher flavonoid content, could induce redox-related side effects. Total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS), and total reduced thiol (SH) content were evaluated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were additionally quantified. Our data suggest that both AQ and HA of AS inflorescence extracts may induce symptoms of toxicity in concentrations of (47 mg·kg−1·day) and (35 mg·kg−1·day−1), respectively, in mothers regarding the delivery index and further decrease of neonatal survival. Of note, significant tissue-specific changes in maternal (liver, kidney, heart, and hippocampus) and pups (liver and kidney) biochemical oxidative parameters were observed. Our findings provide evidence that may support the need to control supplementation with the AQ of AS inflorescence extracts during gestation due to potential toxicity in vivo, which might be related, at least in part, to changes in tissue-specific redox homeostasis and enzymatic activity.
Continuous-Flow Monolithic Silica Microreactors with Arenesulphonic Acid Groups: Structure–Catalytic Activity Relationships
Authors: Ciemięga Agnieszka , Maresz Katarzyna , Malinowski Janusz , Mrowiec-Białoń Julita
Published: August 2017

The performance of monolithic silica microreactors activated with sulphonic acid groups and a packed bed reactor with Amberlyst 15 resin were compared in the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol. The monolithic microreactors were made of single silica rods with complex pore architecture, differing in the size of mesopores, and in particular, flow-through macropores which significantly affected the flow characteristic of the continuous system. The highest ester productivity of 105.2 mol·molH+−1·h−1 was achieved in microreactor M1 with the largest porosity, characterized by a total pore volume of 4 cm3·g−1, mesopores with 20 nm diameter, and large flow-through macropores 30–50 μm in size. The strong impact of the permeability of the monoliths on a reaction kinetics was shown.
Approaches for Studying Autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Chen Yanfang , Scarcelli Vincent , Legouis Renaud
Published: August 2017

Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is an intracellular degradative process, well conserved among eukaryotes. By engulfing cytoplasmic constituents into the autophagosome for degradation, this process is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Autophagy induction triggers the formation of a cup-shaped double membrane structure, the phagophore, which progressively elongates and encloses materials to be removed. This double membrane vesicle, which is called an autophagosome, fuses with lysosome and forms the autolysosome. The inner membrane of the autophagosome, along with engulfed compounds, are degraded by lysosomal enzymes, which enables the recycling of carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, and lipids. In response to various factors, autophagy can be induced for non-selective degradation of bulk cytoplasm. Autophagy is also able to selectively target cargoes and organelles such as mitochondria or peroxisome, functioning as a quality control system. The modification of autophagy flux is involved in developmental processes such as resistance to stress conditions, aging, cell death, and multiple pathologies. So, the use of animal models is essential for understanding these processes in the context of different cell types throughout the entire lifespan. For almost 15 years, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has emerged as a powerful model to analyze autophagy in physiological or pathological contexts. This review presents a rapid overview of physiological processes involving autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans, the different assays used to monitor autophagy, their drawbacks, and specific tools for the analyses of selective autophagy.