bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contrariar el odio: Los relatos del odio en los medios digitales y la construcción de discursos alternativos en alumnado de Educación Secundaria
Authors: Massip Sabater Mariona , García-Ruiz Carmen Rosa , González-Monfort Neus
Published: July 2021

Los relatos del odio son discursos creados contra personas y colectivos. Generan discriminación a partir del estigma, la generalización y la exclusión de la convivencia social. En la era digital la educación es clave para que la formación de una ciudadanía crítica pueda deconstruir los relatos del odio que se difunden online, así como reconstruirlos como contrarrelatos. El presente estudio analiza las competencias para la interpretación crítica de la información digital de 307 alumnos y alumnas de Educación Secundaria ante relatos del odio presentes en las redes sociales. Los resultados muestran un rechazo general hacia los relatos racistas y discriminatorios. A pesar de todo, se detectan dificultades importantes para aportar conocimientos sobre los contextos y para construir contrarrelatos. Por otro lado, una minoría del alumnado se muestra de acuerdo con estos discursos discriminatorios.
Zasady i reguły ustalania preferencyjnego pochodzenia
towarów w UE
Authors: Gwardzińska Ewa , Chowaniec Jakub
Published: July 2021

Problematyka badawcza artykułu koncentruje się na regułach i zasadach ustalania preferencyjnego pochodzenia
towarów zawartych w listach uzgodnień w unijnych umowach handlowych z innymi partnerami. Jest to zagadnienie
niezwykle skomplikowane na gruncie regulacyjnym, stwarzające liczne problemy osobom uczestniczącym w
międzynarodowym obrocie towarowym, gdyż dotyczy regulacji konkretnej umowy preferencyjnej. W artykule
omówiono dziesięć zasad służących do określania preferencyjnego pochodzenia towarów oraz dwa kryteria ich
ustalania. Pierwsze z nich jest oparte na zasadzie towaru całkowicie uzyskanego w państwie korzystającym, drugie
zaś obejmuje pewną obróbkę lub przetworzenie w państwie korzystającym.
Powstanie obowiązku podatkowego, wymagalność
podatku oraz powstanie zobowiązania podatkowego
w VAT w kontekście sprawy C-855/19 (analiza
porównawcza)
Authors: Gryziak Bartosz
Published: July 2021

W ramach uszczelniania VAT wprowadzono w Polsce przepisy nakładające na podatników obowiązek wcześniejszego
rozliczenia podatku z tytułu wewnątrzwspólnotowego nabycia paliwa (art. 103 ust. 5a ustawy z dnia 11 marca
2004 r. o podatku od towarów i usług1). Przewidziany w tym przepisie termin zapłaty następuje, zanim podatek
z tytułu danej transakcji stanie się wymagalny (wedle terminologii dyrektywy 2006/112/WE Rady z dnia 28 listopada
2006 r. w sprawie wspólnego systemu podatku od wartości dodanej2), tj. zanim w stosunku do tej transakcji
powstanie obowiązek podatkowy (według terminologii polskiej ustawy). Spór w tej sprawie zawisł przed Trybunałem
Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej (TSUE) w sprawie C-855/193 (wyroku jeszcze nie wydano). Problem ten stał
się przyczynkiem do analizy zgodności pojęć stosowanych przez polskiego ustawodawcę w odniesieniu do zdarzeń
kształtujących sytuację prawną podatnika (powstanie obowiązku podatkowego, powstanie zobowiązania podatkowego,
termin zapłaty podatku) z ich odpowiednikami w dyrektywie 2006/112/WE (fakt wywoławczy, wymagalność
podatku, termin zapłaty podatku). Między tymi pojęciami nie zachodzi pełna konwergencja.
Perancangan Kampanye Sosial Tentang Kepedulian Terhadap Organ Reproduksi untuk Pelajar SMA
Authors: Pasha Dena
Published: July 2021

Pelajar SMA merupakan usia yang tepat dalam pemberian materi mengenai cara mempedulikan kesehatan organ reproduksi lebih lanjut karena masih terpantau oleh guru maupun orang tua. Disebabkan oleh kurangnya pemahaman serta kurangnya kepedulian terhadap fungsi dan kesehatan organ reproduksi, remaja di Indonesia turut menyumbang angka sebagai penderita IMS. Oleh karena itu, kampanye sosial ini dikemas menjadi sesuatu yang dapat dianggap tidak tabu untuk dipelajari oleh pelajar SMA, dapat menjadi sarana bagi pengajar untuk mengedukasi siswanya. Kampanye ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepedulian pelajar SMA terhadap organ reproduksi yang merupakan organ sangat penting dalam melangsungkan kehidupannya sebagai manusia tanpa memberikan kesan tabu.
Perancangan Kampanye Sosial mengenai Penyalahgunaan Akun Palsu untuk Cyberbully
Authors: Baskarani Laurencia
Published: July 2021

Di era digital ini, hampir semua individu menggunakan media sosial. Media sosial memiliki banyak fitur yang dapat membantu kehidupan manusia terutama dalam hal komunikasi, namun fitur tersebut dapat pula disalahgunakan. Salah satu fitur tersebut merupakan fitur anonim, yaitu ketika seseorang tidak diketahui identitasnya, menggunakan nama samaran, atau individu menggunakan identitas palsu. Melalui fitur anonim, seseorang dapat membuat akun palsu untuk menyembunyikan identitas aslinya. Hal ini mampu memicu niat jahat pengguna media sosial apabila individu tersebut tidak memiliki rasa tanggung jawab atas perbuatannya. Penulis mengumpulkan dan menganalisa data berupa aktivitas target remaja dan masyarakat muda melalui survei dan wawancara, sedangkan pengumpulan informasi mengenai anonimitas dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara dengan sosiolog. Data tersebut disusun sebagai informasi pendukung dalam perancangan kampanye. Informasi untuk meningkatkan kesadaran target terhadap penyalahgunaan akun palsu untuk tindakan cyberbully disampaikan melalui kampanye sosial dengan aktivitas utama kampanye berada di media sosial. Kampanye diharapkan mampu menggiring warganet untuk sadar agar dapat mencegah penyalahgunaan akun palsu yang dapat menimbulkan cyberbully dalam media sosial sehingga mampu berani berpendapat secara asertif ketika berinteraksi dengan pengguna lain.

Kata Kunci : cyberbully, kampanye sosial, media sosial, remaja
Tarifbindung und betriebliche Interessenvertretung: Ergebnisse aus dem IAB-Betriebspanel 2020
Authors: Ellguth Peter , Kohaut Susanne
Published: July 2021

Mit diesem Beitrag wird die jährliche Berichterstattung zur Tarifbindung und betrieblichen Interessenvertretung mit Daten für 2020 fortgesetzt. Zunächst wird die Tarifbindung der Betriebe nach Branche und Betriebsgröße dargestellt. Dabei wird auf die nach wie vor vorherrschenden Unterschiede zwischen West- und Ostdeutschland abgestellt. Insgesamt jedoch hat die Flächentarifbindung seit 1996 in beiden Landesteilen eine deutlich rückläufige Tendenz. Auch für die betriebliche Ebene der Mitbestimmung ist in der langen Sicht ein abnehmender Deckungsgrad zu konstatieren. Allerdings deutet sich für Ostdeutschland zuletzt eine Trendwende und damit eine Annäherung an westdeutsche Verhältnisse an. Abschließend wird in der gemeinsamen Betrachtung der betrieblichen und sektoralen Ebene der Interessenvertretung auf die ausgedehnten betrieblichen Vertretungslücken sowie die „weißen Flecken“ in der Tarif- und Mitbestimmungslandschaft hingewiesen.
Resilienz der Haushaltspolitik nach der Pandemie
Authors: Hugo Dieter , Mayer Volker
Published: July 2021

Die Corona-Pandemie hat die Bundesfinanzen bis ins Mark getroffen. Nur durch eine extensive Anwendung der Schuldenregel und buchungstechnische Tricks gelingt es, die Bundeshaushalte 2020 bis 2022 auszugleichen. Die Neuverschuldung erreicht Rekordstände. Aber auch nach der Krise bleiben die erheblichen strukturellen Probleme, die in den der Pandemie vorausgegangenen „fetten“ Jahren nicht gelöst wurden. Anhand des Prinzips der Resilienz zeigen die Autoren, dass weiteres Abwarten und Hoffen auf bessere ökonomische Zeiten nicht ausreicht, um die massiv bedrohte finanzwirtschaftliche Tragfähigkeit wiederherzustellen. Erforderlich sind eine ehrliche Bestandsaufnahme sowie eine Konsolidierungsstrategie ohne Tabus. Hierbei hilft die Schuldenregel. Sie hat sich als flexibel erwiesen, stützt die demokratische Willensbildung und stärkt das parlamentarische Budgetrecht. Bei der schwierigen Aufgabe, die Widerstandsfähigkeit der Bundesfinanzen wiederherzustellen, setzen die Autoren auf die Lernfähigkeit der Politik.
COVID-19: Zäsur in der kommunalen Haushaltskonsolidierung!? Ein Überblick.
Authors: Garske Benjamin , Holtkamp Lars
Published: July 2021

Kommunale Einnahmen werden mehrheitlich über (Real-) Steuereinnahmen generiert. In ihrer Not beschreiten Kommunen meist probate Haushaltskonsolidierungspfade, wie die Hebesatzanpassung. Derartige Pfade sind allerdings endlich, zu gewichtig scheint die Altschuldenproblematik insb. in Krisenzeiten zu sein.
Fünf Thesen zur Post-Corona-Stadt
Authors: Wiegandt Claus-C.
Published: July 2021

Über ein Jahr lang war das gesellschaftliche Leben in Deutschland erheblich eingeschränkt. Dies hat enorme Folgen für die Städte und ihre zukünftige Entwicklung. In fünf Punkten werden in diesem Beitrag die Wirkungen beschrieben und vorsichtige Spekulationen zur Zukunft der Städte in Deutschland angestellt. Leitvorstellungen zur resilienten Stadt gewinnen dabei an Bedeutung.
Demokratie
Authors: Salzborn Samuel
Published: July 2021

The second, comprehensively updated and expanded edition of this book summarises the findings of research into democracy and democratisation in a condensed form. It provides an easy-to-understand overview of the history of democratic theories, democratic systems of government in comparison and empirical research on the worldwide development of democratisation processes, presenting the findings of all political science sub-disciplines in an integrated manner. Its introductory texts are supplemented with further references, charts and graphs as well as suggestions for discussion on the individual chapters. The book is structured according to modules and is therefore suitable for use in political science teaching.
Medical Image Classification Using the Discriminant Power Analysis (DPA) of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) Coefficients
Authors: Edinne Benhassine Nasser , Boukaache Abdelnour , Boudjehem Djalil
Published: July 2021

Medical imaging systems are very important in medicine domain. They assist specialists to make the final decision about the patient’s condition, and strongly help in early cancer detection. The classification of mammogram images represents a very important operation to identify whether the breast cancer is benign or malignant. In this chapter, we propose a new computer aided diagnostic (CAD) system, which is composed of three steps. In the first step, the input image is pre-processed to remove the noise and artifacts and also to separate the breast profile from the pectoral muscle. This operation is a difficult task that can affect the final decision. For this reason, a hybrid segmentation method using the seeded region growing (SRG) algorithm applied on a localized triangular region has been proposed. In the second step, we have proposed a features extraction method based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT), where the processed images of the breast profiles are transformed by the DCT where the part containing the highest energy value is selected. Then, in the feature’s selection step, a new most discriminative power coefficients algorithm has been proposed to select the most significant features. In the final step of the proposed system, we have used the most known classifiers in the field of the image classification for evaluation. An effective classification has been made using the Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classifiers. To evaluate the efficiency and to measure the performances of the proposed CAD system, we have selected the mini Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) database. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm over others, which are recently proposed in the literature, whereas the new CAD reached an accuracy of 100%, in certain cases, with only a small set of selected features.
Dyslipidemia and Endocrine Disorder
Authors: Legesse Habte Mezgebu , Assefa Beyene Etsegenet , Obsa Feyisa Teka
Published: July 2021

Dyslipidemia is one of the most common risk factors for the most prevalent and fatal non-communicable diseases (NCDs); cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes and other. According to world health organization (WHO) report effective management of dyslipidemia can reduce incidence and mortality rate by NCDs up to 30%. Dyslipidemia negatively affects every vital organ; liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung and others in number of ways. In short dyslipidemia is defined as disorder of lipoprotein metabolism and it could be either hypolipoproteinemia or hyperlipoproteinemia. Endocrine disorder, poor feeding habit, physical inactivity and other factors are responsible for existence of dyslipidemia. Lipocrinology which studies about interrelationship between lipid metabolism and endocrine function in normal and abnormal condition is getting essential. Currently number of studies explain that dyslipidemia induce endocrine dysfunction and the reverse is also possible. In addition, biochemical assessment of dyslipidemia is used to monitor clinical course and progress of endocrinological diseases. Similarly, biochemical analysis of hormones helps to assess the outcome of antidyslipidemic drugs and prognoses the condition dyslipidemia. Most commonly dyslipidemia coexist with type 2 diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Abnormal distribution and accumulation fat in the body leads to deranged different hormones and factors secretion like adipokine, thereby contributing to chronic inflammation and lipotoxicity. Therefore, detailed and up-to-date review about lipid metabolism disorder and endocrine function are so essential in medicine and health science to have good service to community.
Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater by Adsorption
Authors: Hussain Athar , Madan Sangeeta , Madan Richa
Published: July 2021

Adsorption processes are extensively used in wastewater treatment for heavy metal removal. The most widely used adsorbent is activated carbon giving the best of results but it’s high cost limits its use. It has a high cost of production and regeneration. As the world today faces a shortage of freshwater resources, it is inevitable to look for alternatives that lessen the burden on existing resources. Also, heavy metals are toxic even in trace concentrations, so an environmentally safe method of their removal necessitated the requirement of low cost adsorbents. Adsorption is a cost-effective technique and gained recognition due to its minimum waste disposal advantage. This chapter focuses on the process of adsorption and the types of adsorbent available today. It also encompasses the low-cost adsorbents ranging from agricultural waste to industrial waste explaining the adsorption reaction condition. The cost-effectiveness, technical applicability and easy availability of raw material with low negative impact on the system are the precursors in selecting the adsorbents. The novelty of the chapter lies in covering a wide range of adsorbents with their efficiency in removal of heavy metals from wastewater.
Advances in Adoptive Cellular Therapy (ACT)
Authors: Kumar Yadav Rajesh , Kumari Bandana , Singh Pritanjali , Ali Asgar , Sharma Sadhana , Hajela Krishnan
Published: July 2021

Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is getting acknowledged as the Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) in many countries and it has evolved as one of the newest regimens to treat cancer. Developed gradually by the basic understanding of cells, involved in innate and adaptive immunity, ACT has emerged as one of the successful immunotherapies in recent times. It broadly includes various cell types such as stem cells, T cells, dendritic cells and Natural Killer cells. By the applications of genetic engineering and advanced cell culture techniques, these cells from patients’ blood, can be manipulated to train them for better efficacy against specific tumor cells. However, only some cells’ subsets have shown promising regression for certain cancer cells types. To understand the reason behind this, technical knowledge about the tumor antigens presentation, tumor microenvironment (TME), hosts’ immune responses and possible issues in the manufacturing of adoptive cellular material for infusion in patients are being explored further. This chapter brings together development of immune cells from basic research to clinical use, newer approaches which have been taken to address the resistance of ACT and future promises of this therapy.
Innovative Double Cathode Configuration for Hybrid ECM + EDM Blue Arc Drilling
Authors: M. Orona-Hinojos Jesus
Published: July 2021

Electrical discharge machining is a machining method generally used for machining hard metals, those that would be high cost or have poor performance to machine with other techniques using, e.g., lathes, drills, or conventional machining. Therefore, also known as thermal processes like EDM, Plasma or Laser cutting can be used in drilling operations with poor metallurgical quality on cutting edge and will be necessary complement with other processes such as electrochemical machining (ECM). Both ECM and EDM processes use electrical current under direct-current (DC) voltage to electrically power the material removal rate (MRR) from the workpiece. However in ECM, an electrically conductive liquid or electrolyte is circulated between the electrode(s) and the workpiece for permitting electrochemical dissolution of the workpiece material. While the EDM process, a nonconductive liquid or dielectric is circulated between the cathode and workpiece to permit electrical discharges in the gap there between for removing the workpiece material. Both are principle too different, EC using an electrical conductive and ED using a dielectric medium. But exist a way that can to do a combination of Pulsed EC + ED Simultaneous and allowing the coexist both process, in a semidielectric medium, where both condition exist in the same time, therefore in this hybrid is possible create a tooling device dual cathode for drilling process with promissory advantages fast hole for this innovative hybrid ECDM Simultaneous, this hybrid it’s knew as blue arc drilling technology.
Soil Carbon Storage Potential of Tropical Grasses: A Review
Authors: Gorfu Tessema Bezaye , Daniel Heiko , Adimassu Zenebe , Wilson Brian
Published: July 2021

Environmental degradation and climate change are key current threats to world agriculture and food security and human–induced changes have been significant driving forces of this global environmental change. An important component is land degradation which results in a diminished soil organic carbon (SOC) stock with concomitant loss of soil condition and function. Land management to improve soil organic matter content, condition and productivity is therefore a key strategy to safeguard agricultural production, food supply and environmental quality. Soil organic carbon sequestration through the use of plant species with high photosynthetic efficiency, deep roots and high biomass production is one important strategy to achieve this. Tropical pastures, which are adapted to a wide range of environmental conditions have particular potential in this regard and have been used extensively for land rehabilitation. Tropical pastures also have advantages over trees for biomass and carbon accumulation due to their rapid establishment, suitability for annual harvest, continual and rapid growth rates. In addition, tropical pastures have the potential for SOC storage in subsoil horizons due to their deep root systems and can be used as biomass energy crops, which could further promote their use as a climate change mitigation option. Here we aimed to review current knowledge regarding the SOC storage potential of tropical grasses worldwide and identified knowledge gaps and current research needs for the use of tropical grasses in agricultural production system.
Enhancing Program Management with Predictive Analytics Algorithms (PAAs)
Authors: Lainjo Bongs
Published: July 2021

The increase in the amount of big data and the emergence of analytics technologies has created the opportunity for applying algorithm development techniques using machine learning (ML) languages to predict future events. To conduct inclusive analyses of contemporary literature of existing relevant narratives with a focus on program management themes, including state-of-the art methodologies on current plausible predictive analytics models. The methodology used is the review and applications of relevant programming platforms available. Program management requires the utilization of the existing ML languages in understanding future events. Enabling decision makers to make strategic - goals, objectives, and missions. The use of PAAs has gained thematic significance in automotive industries, energy sector, financial organizations, industrial operations, medical services, governments, and more. PAAs are important in promoting the management of future events such as workflow or operational activities in a way that institutions can schedule their activities in order to optimize performance. It enables organizations to use existing big data to predict future performance and mitigate risks. The improvements in information technology and data analytics procedures have resulted in the ability of businesses to make effective use of historical data in making predictions. This enables evidence-based planning, mitigating risks, and optimizing production.
Etiology and Treatment Approach for Visual Hallucinations in PD Dementia
Authors: Asahara Yuki , Mukai Taiji , Suda Machiko , Suzuki Masahiko
Published: July 2021

Visual hallucinations are a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease dementia. These can cause delusions and violent behaviors that can be significant burdens on patients and caregivers. The cause of visual hallucinations is considered to be the dysregulation of the default mode network due to the presence of Lewy bodies in the cortex and the degeneration of dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons. Dopaminergic agents, especially non-ergoline dopamine agonists, can exacerbate visual hallucinations. Reducing the dosage can ameliorate symptoms in many cases; however, this frequently worsens parkinsonism. In contrast, the administration of cholinesterase inhibitors is effective and rarely worsens motor symptoms. In advanced cases, antipsychotic drugs are required; clinical studies have shown that some drugs are beneficial while the adverse events are acceptable. An optimal treatment protocol should be selected depending on the patient’s condition.
Silvopastoral Systems for Energy Generation
Authors: Marcos Gonçalves Andrade Cid , Inácio Gomes Sérgio , Antônio da Silva Sá Ravagnani Mauro , Leandro Almeida Eugênia
Published: July 2021

The silvipastoral systems are characterized by the association between tree crops, pastures and animals and can also constitute an efficient and sustainable means of supplying forest biomass for energy purposes such as electric, mechanical and thermal energy generation. It is an unconventional energy alternative and the evaluation of the energy potential offered by this productive system depends on several factors, such as management techniques, forest species, silvipastoral system characteristics and the design of the conversion and energy utilization process. In this context, it was developed a mathematical model to determine the energy efficiency of silvipastoril production system integrated with a cogeneration system for the production of thermal, mechanical and electrical energy. It can be concluded that these results are advantageous in relation to the conventional modalities of energy generation, taking into account the prices of electricity practiced in the market.
Strategies for Electric Vehicle Infrastructure of Cities: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Furat Murat , Karabiber İsra , Kocaoğlu Senem
Published: July 2021

The emerging technology, electric vehicles (EVs), has gained more attention due to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, climate change, and air pollution in the cities. The rising demand for EVs brings new benefits and challenges to the city life of citizens. Balancing the demand in the electrical energy distribution grid, charging scheduling, dynamic pricing, and different types of charging stations change the priorities of city life. In order to manage the new requirements and perform the permanent transition from gasoline-powered vehicles to EVs, a strategic plan must be prepared by the city authorities. Currently, a number of cities in different countries have published their strategic plans for the sense of perspective about reaching a 30% sales share for EVs by 2030. These plans focus on the solutions to maximize the benefits of EVs and the awareness of the citizens. In the present study, fundamental components of a strategic plan for both EVs and necessary infrastructure are outlined with different aspects.
Performance Analysis of Multiple Antenna Systems with New Capacity Improvement Algorithm for MIMO Based 4G/5G Systems
Authors: Kumar Minchula Vinodh , Sasibhushana Rao Gottapu
Published: July 2021

For a time varying channel, the channel capacity is determined by the Channel State Information (CSI) or its fading distribution at a transmitter or receiver. If CSI is perfectly known at both the transmitter and receiver, then the transmitter can adapt to its optimal transmission strategy (i.e., optimal antenna selection by power allocation scheme) relative to its instantaneous channel state for capacity enhancement. In the case where the channel information is not available at the transmitter (No CSIT), the transmitted power has to be distributed equally (i.e., uniform power allocation) between the transmitting antennas to improve the channel capacity. The IWFA (Iterative water filling allocation) strategy therefore allocates power to those spatial channels with positive non-zero singular values i.e. good quality channels and discards the lower eigenmodes channels resulting in maximum capacity in MIMO systems for perfect CSIT. In this chapter, the performance analysis of Multi Antenna systems under ICSIT/ICSIR, Perfect CSIT, No CSIT channel conditions have been implemented and a novel adaptive power allocation algorithm (SVD-based IWFAA) is considered to improve the spectral efficiency of next generation wireless MIMO communication (4G–5G). The algorithm considered is more efficient at high noise levels (low SNRs) under Perfect CSIT conditions because the strongest channel eigenmodes are allocated more power.
Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacotranscriptomics of Glucocorticoids in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Gasic Vladimir , Pavlovic Djordje , Stankovic Biljana , Kotur Nikola , Zukic Branka , Pavlovic Sonja
Published: July 2021

Pharmacogenomics and pharmacotranscriptomics contribute to more efficient and safer treatment of many diseases, especially malignancies. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy during childhood. Glucocorticoids, prednisone and dexamethasone, represent the basis of chemotherapy in pediatric ALL. Therapy causes side effects in 75% of patients and 1–3% of pediatric ALL patients die because of therapy side effects rather than the disease itself. Due to this fact, pharmacogenomics and pharmacotranscriptomics have gained key positions in this field. There is a growing knowledge of pharmacogenomics and pharmacotranscriptomics markers relevant for the success of the glucocorticoid treatment of children with ALL. New technologies, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) have created a possibility for designing panels of pharmacogenomics and pharmacotranscriptomics markers related to the response to glucocorticoid drugs. Optimization of these panels through population pharmacogenomic studies leads to new knowledge that could open the doors widely to pre-emptive pharmacogenomic testing.
Gabapentinoids in Preventive Analgesia: Pharmacological and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Tadeu Parron Fernandes Marcos , Augusto Faria Henriques Felipe , Koiti dos Santos Kasai Guilherme , Pedro Sant’Anna Pinheiro João , Burg Bronguel Kamila , Barros Parron Fernandes Bianca , Barros Parron Fernandes Karen
Published: July 2021

Optimal postoperative pain management presents a challenge for healthcare providers across all surgical specialties, since it is estimated that many patients submitted to major surgeries do not receive an adequate analgesic treatment, increasing the risk of complications, length-of-stay and costs for health assistance. The development of new agents for postoperative pain control creates possibilities for better combinations in preventive and multimodal analgesia. Recently, the use of gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) in the perioperative period has become more popular. Several clinical studies and meta-analyses reveal that perioperative gabapentinoids may evoke a significant opioid-sparing effect and probably decrease the postoperative pain score. Gabapentinoids may be a good strategy for preventive and multimodal analgesia in major surgeries, particularly pregabalin, considering its pharmacokinetics profile. Situations where there are limitations of regional anesthesia techniques or in cases where there is an intention to reduce the use of opioids or anti-inflammatory drugs at the trans-operatory period are certainly good opportunities for their use. However, gabapentinoids are associated with several adverse effects, including sedation, dizziness, and peripheral edema. Therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the real cost-effectiveness of this approach. Additionally, specific attention should be paid to minor and ambulatory surgeries as well as for the elderly patients to which gabapentinoids are clearly not beneficial and potentially harmful.
Investigating outdoor thermal comfort of educational building complex in urban area: A case study in Universitas Kebangsaan, Bandung city
Authors: Ramadhan Try , Jurizat Aldissain , Syafrina Andina , Rahmat Amat
Published: July 2021

Campus building was a place to accommodate various educational activities, which were both carried out indoors and outdoors. The environment, including the building and its exterior, provided thermal comfort that was influenced by the context, such as the mass of the facility, vegetation, and constructing envelope materials. The microclimate also influenced the environment, such as temperature, wind speed, and humidity. This study aimed to investigate the outdoor thermal comfort of campus building in urban area during summer, while also identifying the influential factors. This research referred to a case study, examining the thermal quality of the educational building environment using ENVI-met software, based on the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) index as an indicator of outdoor thermal comfort, in Universitas Kebangsaan (UK). The results showed that the outdoor environment had low thermal comfort conditions during the day, as it also had different thermal satisfactory situations, due to differences in physical characteristics in each zone. This characteristics included, (1) The SVF determinant as indicators of the shading factor should be supported by the presence of vegetation and the use of pavement material, (2) Although the wind speed factor does not really affect the thermal comfort in the outdoor space, the interconnection between open gaps is likely to make breeze distribution in the area better. This study offered direction for campus planning, in order to maintain the optimal capacity of the natural environment, such as (1) Strategizing to create a better shadowing factor in the outer space, which was supported by controlling the use of pavement materials, (2) Directing the density of buildings by making open spaces more permeable, in order for better wind distribution in the area. From this study, the campus current conditions and future design development potential was also observed.
Physical education and healthy lifestyle
Authors: Živanović Nenad , Milošević Zoran , Stanković Veroljub , Ranđelović Nebojša , Pantelić-Babić Kristina
Published: July 2021

Physical Culture, as a part of general culture, can be defined as a human activity, which, through its knowledge ABOUT and FOR physical exercise within its areas (physical education, sports and physical recreation), allows the transformation of personality from real to possible. Physical Education, as one of the areas of Physical Culture, is therefore a very important educational link. It is particularly important in anera characterized by fast technological advances and technicalism that is rapidly introducing people to virtual reality. Hence, we emphasize that Physical Education, with its knowledge ABOUT and FOR physical exercise, builds the basis for a healthy, active and long life in young people. This is possible due to the fact that Physical Education, based on the Theory of Theoanthropocentrism, sees physical exercise as a beneficial body activity necessary for man and stems from the relationship to a man as a person, not an individual. The increasingly present virtual reality is in complete harmony with the sedentary culture, increasingly dominant not only in Western civilization. This undoubtedly leads to "active" hypokinesia, the root of many disturbing changes and health problems. Anthropological research conducted in Serbia and AP Vojvodina have confirmed that the number of people who regularly engage in physical exercise is decreasing. That is why we point out the importance of Physical Education, which, with its knowledge of how and why to exercise, builds the awareness of the necessity for physical exercise, as well as of the possibility of seeing every physical activity as physical exercise.
Lack of shame and deception in sport
Authors: Radoš Jovo
Published: July 2021

The subject of this paper is a brief review of a worldwide decreasing and loosing of moral values and moral norms in any field of human existence and in sport as well. In this regard, shame as an ethical category representing one of the supporting pillars of theological moral is almost disappearing from sports practice and sport competitions. We are witnessing common deception in sport (the use of performance-enhancing drugs, match-fixing, referee bias) which is degrading the traditional Olympic spirit and purity of sports performance and sporting events. Though there have been attempts to prevent those negative tendencies through generalisation and promotion of the fair play code of conduct (in order to level various codes of various societies and groups), its practical use is still far from what is expected. A return to already approved values of Christian morality avoiding anything that is dishonourable, shameless and impermanent is highlighted in the paper.
The competence of professors of physical and sports education in the use of modern teaching strategies for middle school under the second generation curriculum
Authors: Abdarahmane Bengueneb , Ahmed Atallah , Bendehiba Djourdem
Published: July 2021

The study aims at identifying the degree of competency of the teacher of physical education and sports in using modern teaching strategies in light of what was stipulated by the second generation. The Study sample consists of 30 intermediate education teachers, and relies on a list prepared by the research team consisting of two axes, each axis containing 16 Items that include familiarity with and employing modern strategies in the study of physical education and sports, as well as The general organization of the lesson .the data are processed statistically using the arithmetic means standard deviation, and the results show that the teachers of Physical education and sports in middle school do not use modern teaching strategies. This is due to their lack of competence.
Corylus L.: Its diversity, geographical distribution and morpho-anatomical characteristics with special reference to the systematic classification and phylogenics of Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.)
Authors: Čokeša Vlado , Pavlović Branka , Stajić Snežana , Poduška Zoran , Jović Đorđe
Published: July 2021

Botanists have not yet reached an agreement regarding the number of species and lower taxa within the Corylus L. genus (hazel). According to different literature sources worldwide, 14, 16,18, or 20 species have been described within the genus. There are many synonyms in the scientific literature for the same species, which creates additional confusion in determining the total number of species within the genus. According to the WCSP (World Checklist of Selected Plant Families), (http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=47827), 16 species have been recognized worldwide. According to this valid classification based on morpho-anatomical characteristics, all hazels are divided into two sections, and each section into two subsections. The paper presents the main differences between these groups and subgroups, as well as their distribution in the world. Special attention is given to the range of distribution, morpho-anatomical characteristics, systematic classification, and relatedness of Corylus colurna L. to other species.
Phytocoenological characteristics of beech forests at locality Visoka Stena the third year after the wildfire on Vidlič mountain
Authors: Rakonjac Ljubinko , Marković Marija , Nikolić Biljana , Lučić Aleksandar , Ratknić Tatjana
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the influence of wildfire on beech forests the third year after the fire at locality Visoka Stena on the Vidlič Mountain is followed. The results of field studies are presented in the form of phytocoenological table. The quantitative increase in the number of species diversity index in comparison to the previous two seasons was registered. Increasing number of woody and shrubby representatives of plants influences more favorable conditions for survival, germination, and further development of beech saplings in their shadows, which, with a greater wealth of nutrients in the soil than before the fire, are the good prerequisites for gradual natural regeneration of beech forests.
The most important mycoses of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) in the Avala area
Authors: Radulović Latan , Lučić Aleksandar , Mladenović Katarina , Milenković Ivan
Published: July 2021

Austrian pine is one of the species most often used for afforestation in our conditions. In the area of Avala, afforestation with Austrian and Scots pine began in 1899. The stands of Austrian pine located on the northern and northwestern foothills of the Avala Landscape of Outstanding Features are 115 years old, while the stands on the southern and southeastern side are about 65 years old. Two-year research in the area of Avala recorded the presence of 18 species of fungi on Austrian pine. Out of that number, 6 fungi were found on needles, 5 on needles and seeds, 2 on roots and stem bases, 1 on cones, 3 on trunks and branches and 1 species in vascular bundles. Of all the species, the greatest damage is caused by Sphaeropsis sapinea and species of the Armillaria genus.
The health condition of tree and shrub species of Topčider Park
Authors: Mladenović Katarina , Milenković Ivan , Radulović Zlatan , Čokeša Vlado , Jović Đorđe
Published: July 2021

The research deals with the health condition of tree and shrub species of the natural resource known as Topčider Park assessed on the basis of the conducted visual assessment and determination of the degree of defoliation and discolouration. During the growing season 2018-2019, the health condition of plant species belonging to 50 different genera was determined. The following species were found to be healthy, without any visible damage: Cedrus atlantica, Corylus avelana, C. colurna, Juglans nigra, Maclura aurantiaca, Mahonia aquifolium, Prunus cerasifera, P. spinosa, Quercus rubra and Sambucus nigra. Trees with visible injuries included: Acer negundo, A. pseudoplatanus, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cryptomeria japonica, Fagus moesiaca, Gleditsia triacanthos, Morus alba, Platanus acerifolia, Populus alba. P. nigra, and P. tremula. Dying trees and dead trees were not recorded in Topčider Park. The plant species most threatened by the attack of pathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms were the species of maple, horse chestnut, lime, poplar, and plane. The species of insects and mites here present did not significantly affect the health status of the investigated plant species.
Potentials of the assessment of the wood quality in standing trees by applying acoustic methods
Authors: Živanović Ivana , Todorović Nebojša , Rakonjac Ljubinko , Jovanović Filip
Published: July 2021

Based on literature sources, the stress wave and ultrasound methods and tools designed for the evaluation of the effects of decay on wood are discussed in this paper. To make a review of the results obtained in numerous studies, the analytic-synthetic method was used and the evaluation of data was conducted. The results revealed high correlations between the measured properties and the actual wood quality. A number of studies show that the acoustic wave velocities correlate well to wood density and other wood properties. Changes in the acoustic velocity and wood density variations caused by decay have also been detected successfully using the ultrasonic tools. This means that wood quality can be assessed in situ and that the methods and devices in question can help us make the right decisions. Still, it must be pointed out that all the methods and devices used are only measuring and quantifying tools, and practical human experience cannot be replaced by any measuring tools.
Environmental aspects of biological wastewater treatment by different methods and microorganisms
Authors: Vijatov Tatjana , Dražić Gordana , Jovanović Filip
Published: July 2021

The biological treatment of wastewaters (municipal and industrial) is an important topic in the field of biochemistry and biotechnology, as well as in the field of environmental engineering. It has many advantages, such as the simple operation of the basic bioreactor, the potential for the production of valuable bioproducts and efficient wastewater treatment in a short time. However, the biological wastewater treatment also has certain downsides, such as air pollution in places which are near bio-lagoons, and endangering the health of personnel involved in this process. By studying and analyzing data from the reference literature, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of information on microorganisms involved in the wastewater treatment process, the factors with a negative effect on their development, as well as the negative effects of these microorganisms and the biological wastewater treatment process on the environment.
Guidelines for the introduction of biological systems for revitalization of polluted water and wastewater treatment in strategic documents in Serbia
Authors: Brašanac-Bosanac Ljiljana , Čule Nevena , Lučić Aleksandar , Veselinović Milorad , Mitrović Suzana
Published: July 2021

Long-term courses of water protection and management are based on the fact that Serbia belongs to the region of UNECE countries (UN Economic Commission for Europe) while most of its territory belongs to the Danube River Basin where countries have established multilateral coordination and cooperation in water management. Since the Republic of Serbia is currently in the process of joining the EU, it is obliged to gradually align its strategic decisions in the field of water to the documents that apply to EU member states. The degree of the state's readiness to join the EU will be assessed based on the adequate introduction of internationally accepted principles of water management into the strategic documents and their establishment and implementation at the state level and within international cooperation in this area. Serbia will not be granted EU membership unless it invests significant funds in wastewater and polluted water treatment, as this is one of the priorities in meeting the criteria to open Chapter 27. The introduction of biological systems into the standard water treatment infrastructure provides higher levels of environmental protection and contributes to the integration of environmental requirements, opinions and principles into the plans and programs that encourage and promote sustainable development. The paper will present the current level of alignment between EU and Serbian water-related legislation and propose specific guidelines for the introduction of biological systems for the treatment of polluted water in strategic documents in Serbia.
La Seguridad Social costarricense frente el COVID-19: cuando la incertidumbre económica es peor que la incertidumbre epidemiológica
Authors: Badilla Solano Andrey
Published: July 2021

Cuando la incertidumbre económica es peor que la epidemiológica, plantea una serie de preguntas fundamentales: ¿Cuál ha sido la respuesta de la Seguridad Social costarricense frente a la pandemia? ¿Qué otros instrumentos podrían implementarse para contener los efectos adversos de la crisis? ¿Qué alternativas de financiamiento podrían implementarse para garantizar la sostenibilidad de la institucionalidad en el corto y mediano plazo? El presente trabajo analiza la respuesta del Estado costarricense frente a la crisis y la respuesta de la Seguridad Social mediante la descripción de la respuesta del Estado costarricense frente a la pandemia, el análisis de la respuesta de la Seguridad Social costarricense con énfasis en los de instrumentos de política pública y de financiamiento y a través del análisis prospectivo se plantean algunas otras medidas complementarias con la intención de mejorar la sostenibilidad de la institucionalidad del bienestar post pandemia.
La solución de los países del norte de Europa a la pandemia del coronavirus. El aseguramiento y la colaboración público-privada
Authors: Cadenas Noreña Benito
Published: July 2021

La capacidad de adaptación y resistencia del coronavirus, con sus constantes mutaciones, está poniendo a prueba los sistemas sanitarios y las políticas públicas de los gobiernos en Europa. La duración y la severidad de la pandemia hacen necesario aprender de las experiencias de otros países, que parecen afrontar las crisis sanitarias con mejores resultados. En este artículo analizamos las estrategias e indicadores sanitarios de dos los países más innovadores, Alemania y Suecia. El estudio parece confirmar que la flexibilidad en sus procedimientos permite ajustarse mejor a las características del virus.
Faire du développement local autrement : le cas des microbrasseries au Québec
Authors: Bouchard Mélanie , Brochu Johanne , Dubé Jean
Published: July 2021

Depuis les années 2000, les microbrasseries et leurs produits ont connu un essor
impressionnant. Si certains écrits se sont intéressés aux particularités des microbrasseries
et de ses consommateurs, encore peu d’efforts ont été voués à explorer l’hypothèse selon
laquelle cette industrie représente un vecteur de développement économique, mais aussi
social. Bien que la microbrasserie, et plus particulièrement le broue-pub, poursuive un
objectif économique indéniable (une rentabilité minimale pour rester en affaire), elle est
aussi fortement impliquée dans le développement social et culturel. C’est du moins ce que
révèle un sondage en ligne auprès des microbrasseurs du Québec ainsi que sur une analyse
exhaustive des sites internet des entreprises.
Use of medical ozone in fail back surgery syndrome: a systematic review.
Authors: Baeza-Noci Jose , Pinto-Bonilla Rosa Maria
Published: July 2021

The safety and efficacy of ozone injections in the spine for lumbar disc herniation has been proved in two systematic reviews with one metaanalysis. Many other papers with lower evidence level were published before encouraging its use for this pathology and other degenerative spinal diseases.
Fail back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a terrible situation with no clear treatment option presently. Some authors have dared to use ozone injections in these patients, based on its antiinflammatory action and its highly save portfolio. Due to the great disability and dramatic situation of FBSS patients, a systematic review is mandatory in order to clarify the potential role of ozone in this pathology.