bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konvergensi dan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Lokal Bagi Siswa Sekolah Dasar Guna Meningkatkan Pembelajaran Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Lestari Atsnal Mala , Sari Fahma Hanum , Ifadha Fanny Irnadianis , Amilia Farah Nur
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas pentingnya konvergensi antara penggunaan tanaman obat lokal dan pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal di sekolah dasar. Ini sangat penting untuk melestarikan warisan budaya bangsa Indonesia serta dapat meningkatkan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan siswa, dan juga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Aspek ini dapat memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan bagi siswa sekolah dasar. Metode pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal dan pemanfaatan tanaman obat lokal dapat dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan pengetahuan tradisional dan ilmiah dalam kurikulum, siswa dapat belajar mengidentifikasi, menanam, dan merawat tanaman obat lokal secara langsung di lingkungan sekolah atau komunitas. Dengan demikian, metode ini tidak hanya mendukung pendidikan konservasi sumber daya alam tetapi juga mempromosikan kearifan lokal sebagai bagian integral dari pendidikan mereka. Contoh tanaman obat lokal seperti jahe, kunyit, kencur, temulawak, lengkuas, dan daun sirih. Tanaman ini tidak hanya memiliki nilai sebagai sumber pengobatan tradisional tetapi juga sebagai bagian penting dari warisan budaya dan kearifan lokal. Integrasi pengetahuan ini dalam kurikulum sekolah dasar dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar yang mendalam dan relevan bagi siswa memperluas pemahaman mereka tentang lingkungan alam dan budaya sekitarnya dengan mempelajari tanaman obat lokal,  siswa tidak hanya mengembangkan keterampilan praktis dalam merawat dan menggunakan tanaman tersebut tetapi juga mendukung pelestarian biodiversitas lokal serta mendorong praktik hidup yang berkelanjutan dan berbudaya.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran BADAS (Belajar Asyik Kebudayaan Surabaya) Pada Peserta Didik Kelas V di SDN KEJAWAN PUTIH 1/ 243 Surabaya
Authors: Rachmadyanti Putri , Mahendra Arya , Salsabilla Iftita Azzahra , Rudianti Suksesi Cita , Rahmawati Sintya Imelda
Published: September 2024

Pengembangan media pembelajaran yang berdiferensiasi dan berbasis teknologi merupakan kebutuhan pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Kurangnya perhatian guru pada gaya belajar dan variasi media pembelajaran membuat pemahaman peserta didik terhadap materi menjadi tidak optimal. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas V SDN Kejawan Putih 1/234 Surabaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan sebuah inovasi media pembelajaran bernama Aplikasi “BADAS (Belajar Asyik Kebudayaan Surabaya) yang mengemas strategi pembelajaran secara asyik, menantang, dan bermakna. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan model ADDIE. Media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pembelajaran digital yang dapat disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan individual peserta didik, seperti minat belajar, gaya belajar, dan perkembangan teknologi. Aplikasi "BADAS" membantu peserta didik lebih mudah memahami materi dan pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik dan efektif. Penelitian ini berhasil meningkatkan pemahaman dan motivasi belajar 90% peserta didik terhadap materi budaya benda dan tak benda di Surabaya.
Measurement of Microplastic Release After the Use of Polypropylene Nasal Irrigation Bottles
Authors: Kim Kyung Soo , Min Hyun Jin
Published: September 2024

Objectives. Microplastics originating from plastic materials may pose risks to human health. This study investigated the presence of microplastics in nasal irrigation fluids collected from reused bottles, focusing on the duration of bottle usage.Methods. Readily available nasal irrigation bottles made of polypropylene were purchased. Unused bottles served as controls. Test samples were prepared to simulate 1-, 3-, and 6-month reuse. Nasal irrigation fluid samples (n=12) were collected from each set of bottles: three from the new control bottles and nine from the bottles simulating 1-, 3-, and 6-month reuse. Raman spectroscopy was used to detect microplastics in the nasal irrigation samples, and the results were compared based on the duration of bottle use.Results. An average of 33.00±20.42 microplastic particles per 300 mL was detected in the nasal irrigation fluid from the control bottles. In comparison, bottles used for 1, 3, and 6 months contained averages of 68.66±30.07, 261.66±20.59, and 204.33±52.16 microplastic particles per 300 mL, respectively. The majority of these particles ranged in size from 10 to 100 μm and were primarily fragment-shaped. Polypropylene was identified as the predominant type of microplastic, suggesting it was directly released from the irrigation bottles.Conclusion. We detected microplastics in nasal irrigation fluids, which likely originated from the repeated use of nasal irrigation bottles. The quantity of microplastics was significantly higher in samples from bottles simulating 3 months of use compared to the control samples. Therefore, we recommend the development of guidelines to regulate the duration of nasal irrigation bottle usage to reduce microplastic infiltration into the body via the sinonasal cavity.
Seçilmiş OECD Ülkelerinde Ekonomik Büyümenin Kaynakları
Authors: Bülbül Şirin , Durgun Kaygısız Ayşe
Published: September 2024

Ekonomi biliminin son elli yıldır önemi artan ve tartışılan konularından biri ekonomik büyümedir. Zaman ile üretilen ürün miktarının artmasına ekonomik büyüme denir. Ekonomik gelişmeden ya da büyümeden bahsedebilmemiz için üretimde devamlı bir artış meydana gelmesi gerekir. Yoksa ülkede ekonomik durgunluk veya gerileme söz konusu olacaktır. Bu çalışmada, ekonomik büyümenin kaynakları, 1990-2021 ve 1996-2020 yıllarını kapsayan seçilmiş OECD ülkeleri veri seti kullanarak panel veri yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, modeldeki tüm verilere sahip olan yirmi sekiz OECD ülkesi örneklem olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda kullanılan değişkenler olarak, kişi başına düşen gelir artış oranı (bağımlı değişken), nüfus, teknolojik gelişim (Ar-Ge harcamaları), eğitim (okullaşma oranı), sağlık (bebek ölüm oranı), enflasyon, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ticari açıklık verilerine panel analizi uygulanmıştır. Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, okullaşma oranı, ticari açıklık, nüfus ve Ar-Ge değişkenleri ekonomik büyümeyi olumlu etkilerken, bebek ölüm oranı ve enflasyon oranı olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The Once and Future Republic?
Authors:   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Afanasov Nikolai
Published: September 2024

The review provides a thematic reading of the collective monography, which deals with intellectual history of Russian republicanism. The author of the review underlines that the book, although it is composed of ten separated and conceptually independent parts, could have a general reading in the optics of modern political philosophy’s problematics. This intention derives from the explicitly shown authors’ interest in actual republicanism theory, that started at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries regarding Ph. Pettit’s arguments. Then it is shown that research on the development of the idea of Russian republicanism has a normative model, which can be described as an interpretation of the methodology of Cambridge School of intellectual history. For Russian intellectual space the work with republicanism on the material of social-political thought investigation becomes a reference point, that allows to synchronize methods and subjects of actual philosophy with the global context. A common point for the collective monography is highlighting the inconsistency of the phenomenon of “republic” in Russian political language: being an important idea, although imported from other political tradition, the attempts to define its content and its importance were not always successful and influential enough. An important contribution of the work in the elaboration of political philosophy is clarification of many historical aspects, which results in the narrowing the space for mythologization of Russian political thought.
Expanding teacher understanding of scaffolding for multilingual learners using a language-based approach to content instruction
Authors: Blair Alissa , De Oliveira Luciana C. , Avalos Mary A.
Published: September 2024

Scaffolding ensures multilingual learners (ML) are adequately challenged and supported at school while learning English and subject area content. Due to the dynamic nature of language development, teachers may struggle to anticipate how to adequately scaffold lessons or reflect on their practice to identify areas for improvement. This paper examines how nine middle and secondary teachers across different content areas expanded their understandings of scaffolding for MLs. Using qualitative case study methods, data were collected through M.S. Ed. in TESOL coursework incorporating a Language-Based Approach to Content Instruction (LACI). LACI emphasizes teaching content through language, ensuring MLs access grade-level content while supporting language development. Data sources include major course assignments: (a) a designed lesson plan and reflection of the taught lesson, and (b) a video-based observation of a lesson. Both assignments incorporated the six Cs of Support (namely, a means of scaffolding based on LACI). Findings indicate that teachers deepened their understanding of scaffolding in general and in relation to the six Cs of Support for MLs. This study anticipates how teachers approach, expand upon, and apply their understandings of scaffolding practice, offering insights and implications for teacher educators to enhance how scaffolding is presented in coursework with a focus on MLs.
Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes Using Nutrition and Lifestyle Interventions
Authors: Owosela Kingsley
Published: September 2024

Background

The worldwide prevalence and burden of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) keeps growing at a frightening rate and uncontrolled diabetes has become one of the most common reasons for restricted fitness to work in the oil and gas industry. Based on the 2021 International Diabetes Federation's statistics, MENA Region has the highest regional prevalence of 16.2% and is expected to reach 31% by 2045 (IDF, 2021).

Type 2 diabetes has long been classified as an irredeemable chronic metabolic disease based on the standards of care treatment approach. The best outcome expected has been the improvement of symptoms or slowing the predictable consequences of diabetes. Although traditional view has been that diabetes is irredeemable and unstoppable, the paradigm is changing. Evidence from numerous studies show that type 2 diabetes remission and reversal is possible through health education, low-carb Mediterranean diet and other lifestyle interventions.

Aim

The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the effectiveness of our company's diabetes program on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) for the remission or reversal of Type 2 Diabetes.

Methods

The study involved 106 employees with T2DM within the age range of 21 to 60 years and HbA1c value between 7.0% to 14.0%. The participants were assigned holistic diabetes expert doctors that provided tailored holistic nutrition, sustainable fitness, and counseling/behavioral modification/education to reverse T2DM. Lab values of FBS, HbA1c, and body weight of the patients were recorded at the start and the end of the study. The determine the efficacy of the program, we compared the results in the program to that of a control group with 73 individuals diagnosed with T2DM and treated with diabetes pharmaceuticals but not part of the company's diabetes program.

Results

After analysis (mean ± SD), a substantial reduction in FBS, HbA1c, and body weight was observed in the program participants in comparison to the control. Based on the results HbA1c decreased from 10.5 ± 1.3% to 5.7 ± 1.0% with a mean drop of 4.8±1.2%; FBS reduced from 195.1 ± 53.4 mg/dL to 93.2 ± 18.8 mg/dL with an average FBS reduction of 101.9 ± 45.3 mg/dL, and body weight dropped from 89.8 ± 11.2 kg to 74.6 ± 11.8 kg with a mean loss of 15.2 kg.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that a holistic diabetes care program involving individualized holistic nutrition, sustainable exercise training, counseling, lifestyle behavioral modification, and education similar to our diabetes program, can help to improve and sustain a healthy blood sugar status and body weight in individuals with T2DM. In comparison to the aforementioned MENA region prevalence of 16.2% and the company's prevalence of 13.4% in 2019, the prevalence now stands at 3.2%.
Effectiveness of Tuberculosis Screening to Detect Active Tuberculosis and Prevent Workplace Transmission Among Workers in Congregate Living Settings in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Kumar Nirven , Kapiri Cain
Published: September 2024

Objectives/Scope

The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified Papua New Guinea (PNG) as a high tuberculosis (TB)-burden country; therefore, the risk for TB infections among camp residents is high. ExxonMobil PNG (EMPNG) implemented a TB screening program using the QuantiFERON-G (QFT-G) screening method. The objective of this paper is to study the effectiveness of detecting and preventing the transmission of active TB at the EMPNG work sites in PNG.

Methods, Procedures, Process

The EMPNG TB screening program requires annual TB screening for these individuals: a) All workers who live and work at a remote camp for 30 days or more per year. b) Visitors to remote sites who will work and live on sites for more than 30 days a year. Project health workers monitor individuals who test positive for active or latent TB, since the QFT-G test does not determine the TB status of a person. Individuals with active TB are quarantined and referred for treatment. Those with latent TB (LTBI) must have annual reviews at the site clinic.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

A review of the data over a 10-year period identified 23% percent of individuals with LTBI; all these individuals were placed in a latent TB register and monitored closely in the event they convert to active TB. They were all required to undergo annual medical examinations and were told to report to the clinic if they developed any respiratory symptoms. Of the 57 personnel who converted to active TB within three years, 30 were detected as part of the annual LTBI monitoring program. While QFT-G TB screening was helpful in identifying those with LTBI, its role was limited in the detection of active TB at the time of screening. All those diagnosed with active TB in the workplace were symptomatic individuals who visited the site clinic because they were unwell or were symptomatic individuals who had progressed from LTBI to active TB and were under the LTBI monitoring program. There was no recorded workplace transmission of TB from individuals with active TB, with early reporting a possible contributing factor. The disease progression rate from LTBI to active TB was 1.2%. This percentage is slightly lower than data published by the WHO and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. By actively monitoring those on the LTBI register, we were able to ensure that individuals sought medical attention as soon as they developed symptoms.

Novel/Additive Information

There is no standard guidance on a TB screening program for workers in congregate living settings in the oil and gas industry. While the TB screening program at the EMPNG work sites did not detect active TB during screening, it detected latent TB cases who were monitored closely in the event they convert to active TB. Any TB screening program should complement other components of a TB control program which are awareness/ training and early detection and diagnosis.
The Circular Economy of Safety: Linking Incident Prevention, Operations Excellence and Sustainability in Oil & Gas Operations
Authors: Tayab Muhammad , Lari Maryam , Kumar Pravin , Shah Visal , Suwaidi Hamda Al , Saif Abdulla Al , Hammadi Saud Al
Published: September 2024

In the contemporary landscape of the oil and gas industry, the imperative to improve safety performance and enhance sustainability practices has become increasingly salient. This paper delves into the emerging concept of the Circular Economy of Safety (CES) as a strategic framework that intertwines incident prevention with sustainability initiatives within oil and gas operations. The CES framework represents a paradigm shift that transcends traditional approaches by integrating principles from circular economy models with established safety management systems. Central to the CES framework is the recognition that safety and sustainability are not disparate objectives but interconnected facets of organizational resilience and responsible stewardship. At its core, CES seeks to minimize waste, optimize resource utilization, and improve safety outcomes simultaneously. By leveraging circular economy principles such as reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover, oil and gas companies can not only mitigate risks associated with accidents and incidents but also achieve significant environmental and economic benefits.

Drawing upon case studies, empirical research, and industry best practices, this paper elucidates the practical applications and potential advantages of embracing CES strategies in oil and gas operations. Through a comprehensive analysis, it highlights the synergies between safety and sustainability efforts, demonstrating how proactive incident prevention measures can yield substantial long-term benefits in terms of operational efficiency, cost savings, and environmental impact reduction. Moreover, the paper identifies key challenges and opportunities inherent in the adoption of CES principles, including regulatory compliance, organizational culture transformation, and technological innovation. While implementing CES strategies may require initial investments and organizational restructuring, the long-term benefits far outweigh the costs, positioning companies for sustained success in an evolving industry landscape. Ultimately, this paper advocates for a holistic approach to safety and sustainability management in the oil and gas sector, wherein CES serves as a guiding framework for fostering a culture of continuous improvement, innovation, and collaboration. By embracing the Circular Economy of Safety, oil and gas companies can not only mitigate operational risks and enhance their social license to operate but also contribute meaningfully to the transition towards a more sustainable energy future.
Enhancing Road Safety Through Driver Fatigue Monitoring Systems: An HSE Perspective
Authors: Al Shaqsi Z. S.
Published: September 2024

Motor vehicle incidents is one of the most concerning phenomena in the world and in oil and gas industry especially in GCC. Introduction of new technology to influence driver behavior and enforcement of safety requirements has become an extreme requirement to improve road safety performance by reducing motor vehicle incidents.

This paper highlights the urgency of introducing a different way to manage the risks associated with driving due to the significant impact MVI causes to the company, employees, families and stakeholders. Hence, NESR explored different options from a technology and AI point of view to manage driving risks.

Artificial intelligence is one of the most successful inventions in this era. Utilizing AI in oil and gas industry is very promising across different processes to improve the way of doing things, improving efficiency, reducing time wasted and providing accurate data analysis. NESR recognized the need to inject AI within its operations to manage HSE risk hence; decided to utilize more than 120 AI camera for driver behavior monitoring and intervention to reduce motor vehicle accident.
Advances in Fabrication Site HSE Management Through IOGP 577 Framework
Authors: Vassiliev N. , Penney I. , Parsells T. , White R. , Zerafa M.
Published: September 2024

This paper provides an overview of the evolution of Fabrication Site HSE Management in Shell Deepwater projects through the adoption of the fabrication contractor HSE management approach, based on the contractor’s own HSE Management System and the International Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP) Association Fabrication Site Construction Safety Practices, while also supported by the Shell site team as a trusted partner. The paper also offers insight into applying the digital Safety Reporting and Observation (SOAR) tool and SOAR score as an effective leading indicator to measure safety performance.
Monitoring Sentiment Through Natural Language Processing
Authors: Wright J. , Brusset J.
Published: September 2024

Effective management of social and human rights risks in the oil and gas industry is crucial for maintaining positive relationships with local communities and ensuring sustainable operations. This paper explores the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) for sentiment analysis as a tool for enhancing social risk management. By designing culturally relevant community surveys and utilizing advanced NLP techniques, such as sentiment and semantic analysis, we can accurately gauge community sentiments and respond proactively to emerging issues. Our methodology integrates traditional survey methods with cutting-edge digital technologies, providing a comprehensive approach towards understanding and managing social risks. Despite challenges, such as language and cultural differences and potential artificial intelligence (AI) model biases, NLP can offer consistent, scalable, and rapid analysis, making it a valuable addition to social risk management practices. This study highlights the potential of NLP to transform how the oil and gas industry monitors and mitigates social risks, fostering more effective community engagement and sustainable business practices.
Quantitative Risk Assessments - Why They Fall Short and How to Use Them Better
Authors: Hudson P. A. R. , Hudson T. G. L.
Published: September 2024

Objectives/Scope

This paper discusses and demonstrates the limitations of Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) with respect to the usefulness of the concept in managing day-to-day and emerging risks as well as the impact of change. The paper goes on to discuss improved solution sets than pure reliance on QRA.

Methods, Procedures, Process

The paper discusses a number of examples of real world QRA analysis from within the oil and gas industry as well as other industries, identifying how these have failed to approximate the actual risks. The paper then analyses the process and describes the types of information used in QRA. This is contrasted with the data that is not included in these analyses and how that has contributed to real world failures.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

The paper discusses the types of solutions that QRA provides and critiques this within the context of the Levels analysis of barrier risk management SPE-199496 (Hudson and Hudson, 2020i) and the understanding of Hudson's Culture Ladder (Hudson, 1991)ii. It explains why the concept of QRA follows a flawed understanding the emergence of risks. It does on the basis that: - QRA data is historical, being derived from reported barrier failures and incident investigations. This means barrier failure rates may be significantly higher without impacting the QRA number. - QRA assumes that failure rates for barriers are independent. Whilst this may be correct, the levels analysis demonstrates that independence is much harder to achieve than assumed. - QRA rates defined within the context of historical data may demonstrate a bias for a type of organisational culture that may not apply to the operation being analysed. The paper goes on to address the question why do we still have numerous industrial incidents with serious impact when QRA may predict failure rates of 1 in a billion? It discusses the nature of such failures and recommends ways in which QRA can be improved or the use of QRA can be moderated.

Novel/Additive Information

The current use of QRA, particularly by members of the senior leadership team, creates a mismatch between the management of risks on paper and the real world. This is especially true of the degradation of barriers. This paper lays out, with novel understanding, the way in which QRA should be treated and in doing so improve the risk understanding of professionals and their senior leadership.
A Structured Approach for Weeps and Seeps Identification, Verification and Control
Authors: Nicotra G. , Ripepi A. , Tortora A. , Ponteggia L. , Cincotta S. , Pozzi N. , Lombardi D. , Rocchi A. , Pisani E. , Fani A.
Published: September 2024

Oil & Gas plants have a potential for Loss Of Primary Containment (LOPC) events, and for this reason they are normally provided with safety systems (such as Fire & Gas detection and Emergency Shut-Down systems) which intervene as barriers to detect and avoid escalation of LOPCs.

However, in case of very small leaks, Fire & Gas and Emergency Shut-Down systems may not be effective, therefore Operators shall have a process in place to safely manage them, ensuring that risks are kept at As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) level. This may mean removing equipment from service, or remaining in service but with additional controls including e.g. regular monitoring, secondary containment measures, limiting access, etc.

Weeps and seeps are those releases sufficiently small that straight remedial action for leak reparation may not be required, provided that it is confirmed that leak deterioration is not expected over time and there are no hazardous situations for people and asset. The correct identification and verification of weeps and seeps is fundamental to guarantee their control.

This paper is aimed at supporting Operators in defining a practicable ruleset for a proper management of weeps and seeps. The paper is then developed in two main sections.

In the first section it investigates the evolution of gaseous weeps/seeps from a flange using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling, analysing the dispersion phenomena considering different boundary conditions (release position, wind directions, flowrate, etc.). The results are then compared with the available industry references and regulatory requirements for leak reporting (API RP 754, IOGP 456, EU Regulation n. 1112/2014, UK RIDDOR, OGUK), in order to define acceptable thresholds in the definition of a weep and seep.

In the second section, a practicable ruleset is established with the purpose to support plant operating personnel in the identification, verification and control of weeps and seeps. Guidance is established on proposed operational methods for direct response to very small leaks not detected by plant Fire & Gas and/or Emergency Shut-Down system, weep/seep management after identification and required conditions to allow continuing operation of a live system with confirmed weep/seep.
Mapping, Monitoring Evaluating, Engaging Stakeholder and Sharing Related Data Throughout the O&G Lifecycle, in Different Countries, for Different Projects, with the Same Web Based Tool
Authors: Bossi Roberto , Malingher Cristina , Lupinetti Marco Davide
Published: September 2024

Eni, the multinational oil and gas company, has developed a robust stakeholder management system to address the complexities and challenges associated with its operations. The system is designed to engage various stakeholders effectively, ensuring that their interests, concerns, and expectations are integrated into the company’s decision-making processes.

The developed methodology describes a qualitative-quantitative system based on the integration of both pre-established values ​​and corrective values ​​determined by the analysis of local situations. The document intends to provide elements to build a stakeholder analysis system based on the analysis of the behavior of each of them in specific contexts. The main result is to demonstrate that an analysis of this type is able to give a clear picture of the relationship with stakeholders, the relevant themes and their change over time and the associated risk. The document also illustrates how specific software solutions can contribute to building a multi-business and multi-territory analysis system, guaranteeing the sharing of information and documentation regarding every single stakeholder of the company.
How Gamified HSE Training Solutions Enhance Employee Engagement: A Middle East Case Study on HSE Performance Improvement
Authors: Pepe M. , Oernskar M. , Ahmed S.
Published: September 2024

This paper discusses how the development and implementation of gamified HSE training have been used to enhance employee engagement and contribute to HSE performance improvements. The paper focuses on a case study in the Middle East operations of a global energy technology company. The first gamified HSE app that was developed focused on safety awareness during Ramadan and the second gamified training app, named Safe Steps, was developed to reinforce long-lasting employee safety behavioral improvements.

Integrating gamification principles in the design of HSE apps enables a novel and engaging approach to training. The gamification approach leverages scenario-based learning, allowing employees to apply their existing knowledge and make conscious choices in simulated real-world scenarios relevant to their work environment. Through realistic simulations, users are challenged to identify potential hazards, make safe choices, and navigate through dynamic situations ranging from routine tasks through to complex operations.

The app reinforces the understanding of safety protocols and further develops the users critical thinking skills, of particular importance when necessary to make informed decisions in high-risk situations. These gamified training apps go beyond conventional training methods by fostering a sense of responsibility and accountability among employees.

Using a wide variety of realistic workplace scenarios, the HSE gamification app provides a comprehensive learning experience that benefits employees at all levels within the organization. The interactive nature of the apps enhances engagement and information retention, encouraging employees to actively participate in their own safety education. Progress is tracked and feedback is provided in real-time, allowing individuals and teams to monitor their performance and continuously improve. The apps also incorporate elements of friendly competition, promoting a positive and collaborative environment where employees can challenge each other to enhance their safety knowledge and decision making skills.

Preliminary assessments of the HSE gamification training show that the apps instill long-lasting behavioral changes among employees, reinforcing a positive workplace safety culture. Ultimately these positive changes contribute to improvement in safety performance shown by a reduction in injuries.
Safe to Start vs Stop Work when Dangerous: Can we do Better than Stop Work?
Authors: Osborne T E , Forsyth E J
Published: September 2024

Foreword

Weber et all (2018) considered that although employees have a legal obligation not to perform unsafe work, and that most organizations support this through explicit authority to stop work if the conditions are unsafe, that the act of stopping work is challenging. Their research indicated that the decision to halt an unsafe task is not solely dependent on individual employees’ willingness to stop but is also influenced by contextual factors or conditions that impact this decision.

The aim of this research is to review if an expansion of Stop Work authority to a ‘Start Work Safely Authority’ and applying this to all functions in the organization not just frontline workers would result in a reduction of events and improve learning opportunities through clearer channels to discuss, review and clarify arrangements before they were started. This expansion of risk management to a holistic risk level, where the approach includes the lifecycle of a job and re-defines what success, failure and how barrier identification is determined. This model should then result in each functional department determining their risk factors and preventative methods to prevent ‘passing risk along the line’.
Impact of ESG on Value Creation for Energy Company: A Case Study on INPEX Corporation
Authors: Kannan Sivaneswaran Kamala , Zailani Mohd. Nabhan Fahmi bin , Tanvir Syed Yaser , Rajan Santa Kumar Teaga
Published: September 2024

The concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly in the business world (Henisz et al., 2019). ESG factors are the criteria used to evaluate the sustainability and ethical impact of a company's operations, and they include aspects such as environmental impact, social responsibility, and corporate governance (Henisz et al., 2019). This paper aims to investigate the value creation concerning the implementation of Sustainability, particularly ESG (Environment, Social Governance) and SDG (Sustainability Development Goals) during the pandemic, COVID-19. This paper also provides insights on how companies can create value from a business ecosystem perspective based on a detailed analysis of a mid-sized energy company, INPEX Corporation.

The primary study objective is to investigate ESG and SDG components integration in a company's business development strategy that can influence a company's performance. The study involves a qualitative approach, utilizing the company's annual report (INPEX Corporation, Financial Statement, 2022), the company's business development strategy, 2021 (INPEX Corporation, Business Development Strategy, 2021), and sustainability report (INPEX Corporation, Sustainability Report, 2021). The study finds that ESG and SDG components positively impact INPEX Corporation's financial performance. The findings justify ESG and SDG inclusion in energy companies’ business development strategy, which can increase maximum value to shareholders and stakeholders; for future researchers, we suggest a detailed study on activities that can trigger the impact of ESG on the company's performance. This includes enablers such as technology in emission reduction, energy management, and renewable energies.
Continuous Measurement of Methane Emissions from Turbines and Compressors Using Predictive Emissions Monitoring (PEMS) Technology – New Insights from a Global Deployment Programme
Authors: Evans P. , Sandvig J. , Churchill J. , Lowe J. , Newman D. , Weel M.
Published: September 2024

A new predictive emissions monitoring system (PEMS) is presented for the continuous measurement of methane emissions from incomplete combustion in natural gas-fuelled turbines and engines used in oil and gas production facilities. The method integrates condition monitoring and environmental data with first-principles models of energy and mass conservation to derive continuous tracking of methane emissions with minute-level resolution, full traceability, and an estimation of uncertainty. It is designed to fulfil the expectations of site-specific methane emissions reporting, including Level 4 of the Oil & Gas Methane Partnership (OGMP 2.0).

Results are presented for a range of scenarios as part of a global deployment campaign. Tracking of emissions shows that the concentration of methane in the exhaust gases can vary from <1 to >1,000 ppm, including lower than background concentrations. These trends in emissions are far more complex than historic emission factors derived from population-based sampling and fuel use would imply. When operated under optimal load, very low levels of methane slip can be achieved, but the situation can reverse under low-load conditions. Rapid changes in emissions during start-up and shut-down sequences are observed that need to be accounted for when conducting site-level reconciliation of emissions (to meet requirements such as OGMP 2.0 Level 5), or comparing reported emissions to third-party measurements. However, these short-lived events do not substantially change total emissions over extended periods of operation.

By utilizing existing condition-monitoring data and digital connectivity, PEMS provides a rapid and accessible solution and relay of information to the operator. If this potentially significant source of methane emissions is to be accurately monitored and reduced, then continuous tracking provides the basis for targeted and defensible interventions. Guidance on the effective use of equipment is critical to emissions management, which must be conducted while taking into consideration CO2 and other environmental risks, such as NOx. Combining this data can reduce and potentially eliminate methane slip from stationary combustion.
Eni Behavioral Safety & Environmental Coaching: An Approach to Increase Awareness and Enhance HSE Culture
Authors: Savioli L.
Published: September 2024

This paper shows how Eni has developed a structured and innovative approach called Behavioral Safety & Environmental (BS&E) Coaching to address human behavior topic, increase technical and behavioral awareness and enhance HSE culture.

The paper will illustrate the roadmap of the BS&E Coaching Academy developed within eni in order to address in a systematic and structured way the so called "human factor".

The BS&E coaching allows to address human behavior topic from the modern psychological perspective enhancing awareness on how we work as human "while we do things".

To increase awareness on "what we do" first step is to increase awareness on "how we do things". This is a meta-cognition process that works on our "human being" and allows to deep dive into decision making process, perception and evaluation of risks and on "how we do what we do".

A BS&E coaching course has been developed starting from the modern cognitive psychology and coaching approach focusing on human behavior. Eni Behavioral Academy has been developed with BS&E coach in all the business unit. Specific Safety Coaching projects have been implemented focusing on how psychological and behavioral aspect of technical Eni's safety Golden Rules.

The novel of BS&E Coaching approach is to have a unique framework to work on people's attitude and behaviors in a structured and systematic way based on the modern coaching approach and behavioral psychology.

It gives a behavioral framework to read situations, take decision and increase our awareness on what we do and why we do what we do.

Eni has developed a BS&E Coaching approach based on 3 main pillars: Focus (Ability to observe behaviors, focus on the situation, ability to read the organization).Lead Behavior: impactful and persuasive communication, engaging communication (individual and group), active listening and feedback.Walk the Talk: curiosity and continuous learning, energy and positivity, motivation.

The scope is to have Coach that work in the field to support daily the HSE culture in the field promotion specific attitude and behavior and having a structured and common approach to be used.

BS&E Coach are acting like HSE agents of change, increasing awareness on Eni Golden Rules focusing on the behavioral and technical aspect. This allows people to create team work, build solid relations and trust, develop psychological safety and a listening culture, encouraging feedback and stop working authority and in general increase the relational aspect between people in the sites.
Novel Approach for NORM Scale Removal
Authors: Salahat K. , Correia G. , Altamimi S. , Ibrahim A. , Ambrosi G. , Cosendey S. , Richter Rüdiger B. , Evangelista G.
Published: September 2024

Upper Zakum oil field is one of the largest offshore oil fields in the world, located about 80 km off the coast of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The field covers an area of about 1,200 km2 and contains an estimated 50 billion barrels of oil. The field was discovered in 1963 and production started in 1982.

One of the challenges of developing Upper Zakum oil field is its shallow depth of 5 to 15 m, which makes conventional drilling and production platforms impractical and costly. To overcome this challenge, ADNOC has implemented an innovative solution of creating four artificial islands to serve as the base for drilling and production facilities. The islands are designed to minimize the environmental impact, maximize oil recovery, and reduce the operational costs. The islands are connected by subsea pipelines and power cables, and equipped with state-of-the-art technologies, such as extended reach drilling, intelligent completions and smart wells

Scale deposition is a major flow assurance issue in oil wells that can create facility blockage such as at main export pipelines, at manifolds or even at separators. Additionally, scale deposition can create near-wellbore formation damage which can block the pores of the rock or clog the tubing and perforations. Wettability alteration can also be induced by scale formation in the reservoir. Therefore, scale deposition can reduce production and can cause safety and environmental hazards at surface.
Efficient Tool for Bias-Free HSE Management System Audits
Authors: Tiengtrong W. , Klunngien C.
Published: September 2024

Internal audits of the health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) are essential to verifying the effectiveness of HSE management processes. However, conducting HSE audits can also be challenging, especially when it comes to avoiding or eliminating auditor biases. These biases can lead to errors in audit findings, reduce the effectiveness of internal audit reports, and ultimately undermine the credibility of the entire auditing process.

This paper demonstrates an innovative tool for conducting bias-free HSE audits in organizations. The Management System Verification (MSV) toolkit is a creative solution designed to revolutionize HSE management system audits by providing auditors with clear guidelines and methods to conduct bias-free audits effectively, ensuring that audit outcomes are grounded in objective evidence rather than subjective opinions. With clear guidelines and methods outlined in the toolkit, auditors can effectively evaluate HSE management systems without the influence of personal biases, ultimately enhancing the credibility and reliability of audit outcomes. The outcomes from applying these toolkits reveal areas of weakness within the HSE system, pinpointing specific deficiencies that require attention and improvement.
DRA Chemical - A Game Changer in Reducing GHG Emission by Reduction of Pumping Power for Long Crude Oil Pipelines
Authors: De Kousik , Mehta Himanshu , Pasricha Nitin , Al Kuwaiti Yaser
Published: September 2024

Use of Drag Reducing Agent (DRA) chemical is well established in oil & gas industry to reduce frictional pressure drop in long pipelines thereby increasing operating capacity. In any brownfield facility, drag reduction strategy not only helps to minimize capital investment by retaining existing pumps and pipelines for increased capacities during short-term flow excursions, but also saves substantial GHG emission by reducing pumping power.

The paper highlights ADNOC Offshores’ three existing main crude oil pipelines where DRA chemical is being injected to overcome hydraulic limitations while maintaining business continuity as a primary objective, but this also provides extensive benefits in terms of emission reduction. A detailed analysis on DRA performance, optimum injection rate based on operational experience, reduction in DRA efficiency experienced due to change in crude oil flow due to shear or mixing impact at downstream is included in this paper.

DRA chemical is injected in an optimized manner to gain overall pressure drop benefit in three existing crude oil pipelines, 14"x10 km, 12"x18 km and 42"x65 km. The crude oil (32-34 °API, 5-10% water cut) pipelines operate in liquid phase. More than 60% drag reduction (pressure drop reduction) is achieved with 50 ppm injection rate. Efficacy of DRA injection is verified from vast experience based on last 5 years’ operating data. DRA performance based on actual operating data shows drag reduction is very high at initial concentration (around 45-50% drag reduction is possible with 15-20 ppm DRA dosage), subsequently the incremental drag reduction is at a slow rate and reaches almost saturation point at 60-70 ppm dosage rate to achieve upto 70% drag reduction.

The operational findings also demonstrate that there is an efficiency drop of DRA if the chemical is injected from an upstream location where in between there is mixing of fluid and due to which the flow pattern is lost. For Pipeline-3, there is around 13-18% drag efficiency loss observed due to mixing effect because of dosing DRA from upstream Platform-1/2.

The injection removes hydraulic bottlenecks to meet high production target and at the same time saving huge pumping power due to high reduction of pipeline pressure drop. Overall pumping power saving ≈ 25 to 30 MWh/day, which is equivalent to around 160 mmscf/year reduced fuel gas consumption amounting to 12,500 to 14,400 tons of CO2e saving per year.

The findings demonstrate use of drag reducing chemicals not only as a tool for capacity enhancement of the existing pipelines, but also for substantial GHG emission savings. The study findings are highly encouraging, this shows that even for any greenfield project of new pipelines, proper techno-economic analysis can be conducted to consider DRA as a base case design option with reduced pipeline size/low head pumps with substantial GHG saving.
The role of cydB gene in the biofilm formation by Campylobacter jejuni
Authors: Korkus Jakub , Sałata Patrycja , Thompson Stuart A. , Paluch Emil , Bania Jacek , Wałecka-Zacharska Ewa
Published: September 2024

Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food- and water-borne bacterial infections in humans. A key factor helping bacteria to survive adverse environmental conditions is biofilm formation ability. Nonetheless, the molecular basis underlying biofilm formation by C. jejuni remains poorly understood. Around thirty genes involved in the regulation and dynamics of C. jejuni biofilm formation have been described so far. We applied random transposon mutagenesis to identify new biofilm-associated genes in C. jejuni strain 81-176. Of 1350 mutants, twenty-four had a decreased ability to produce biofilm compared to the wild-type strain. Some mutants contained insertions in genes previously reported to affect the biofilm formation process. The majority of identified genes encoded hypothetical proteins. In the library of EZ-Tn5 insertion mutants, we found the cydB gene associated with respiration that was not previously linked with biofilm formation in Campylobacter. To study the involvement of the cydB gene in biofilm formation, we constructed a non-marked deletion cydB mutant together with a complemented mutant. We found that the cydB deletion-mutant formed a weaker biofilm of loosely organized structure and lower volume than the parent strain.
In the present study, we demonstrated the role of the cydB gene in biofilm formation by C. jejuni.