bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The new concept of thermal barrier coatings with Pt + Pd/Zr/Hf-modified aluminide bond coat and ceramic layer formed by PS-PVD method
Authors: Góral Marek , Pytel Maciej , Kubaszek Tadeusz , Drajewicz Marcin , Simka Wojciech , Nieużyła Łukasz
Published: August 2021

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used for protection of gas turbine parts from high temperature and corrosion. In the present study, the new concept of TBCs with three-element-modified aluminide coatings was presented. In the first stage, the Pt and Pd were electroplated on MAR M247 nickel superalloy. In the next stage, the low-activity CVD aluminizing process with Zr or Hf doping was conducted. The ceramic layer containing yttria-stabilized zirconia was obtained by the plasma spray physical vapour deposition (PS-PVD) method. The microscopic examination showed the formation of aluminide coating containing up to 5 at% of Pt and 10 at% of Pd in (Ni, Pt, Pd)Al solid solution. The small concentration of Hf and Zr in diffusion zone of aluminide bond coat was noted as well. The outer ceramic layer was characterized by columnar structure typically formed during the PS-PVD process. The obtained results showed that the new concept of TBCs formed using new processes might be an attractive alternative to conventional coatings produced using the expensive electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) method.
‘Do Mormons thinkThe Book of Mormonis funny?’
Authors: Hale Adrian
Published: August 2021

Public ridicule of a minority typically predicts a defensive response from the target of that humor. This is because public ridicule provides a polarizing spectacle, where the majority enjoys a humorous face reward, and solidarity, at the expense of that minority. Logically, we could expect a faith-based minority to beespeciallysensitive to public ridicule, since their face investment is greater, in inverse proportion to their social position and power, and because their group (and personal) identity is linked inextricably to what would normally be inviolable: a sacred text, a prophet, or deity. However, the official response from the LDS Church to the musical comedyThe Book of Mormondefies this expectation. This paper analyses this response, in order to understand why a religious minority chose to creatively engage with what should have been a highly face-threatening satire.
The School of History and the Institute for Global History, Beijing Foreign Studies University
Authors: Wang Zi
Published: August 2021

The School of History and the Institute for Global History of Beijing Foreign Studies University was founded in December 2017. It aims to become a significant platform in China for international scholars to conduct research on global history. The school offers course on the histories of China and regions across the world from a global perspective. In terms of research, it is the school’s goal to understand history through interactions, especially the interaction between China and the world in modern terms. The school pays special attention to the fields of the history of ideas, the knowledge transfer and scholarly exchange, and the cultural and linguistic contact between the East and the West.
Subgraph Network Random Effects Error Components Models: Specification and Testing
Authors: Montes-Rojas Gabriel
Published: August 2021

This paper develops a subgraph random effects error components model for network data linear regression where the unit of observation is the node. In particular, it allows for link and triangle specific components, which serve as a basal model for modeling network effects. It then evaluates the potential effects of ignoring network effects in the estimation of the coefficients’ variance-covariance matrix. It also proposes consistent estimators of the variance components using quadratic forms and Lagrange Multiplier tests for evaluating the appropriate model of random components in networks. Monte Carlo simulations show that the tests have good performance in finite samples. It applies the proposed tests to the Call interbank market in Argentina.
Big data in the healthcare system: a synergy with artificial intelligence and blockchain technology
Authors: Pablo Reyes-González Juan , Roberto Díaz-Peregrino , Victor Soto-Ulloa , Isabel Galvan-Remigio , Paul Castillo , Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas
Published: August 2021

In the last decades big data has facilitating and improving our daily duties in the medical research and clinical fields; the strategy to get to this point is understanding how to organize and analyze the data in order to accomplish the final goal that is improving healthcare system, in terms of cost and benefits, quality of life and outcome patient. The main objective of this review is to illustrate the state-of-art of big data in healthcare, its features and architecture. We also would like to demonstrate the different application and principal mechanisms of big data in the latest technologies known as blockchain and artificial intelligence, recognizing their benefits and limitations. Perhaps, medical education and digital anatomy are unexplored fields that might be profitable to investigate as we are proposing. The healthcare system can be revolutionized using these different technologies. Thus, we are explaining the basis of these systems focused to the medical arena in order to encourage medical doctors, nurses, biotechnologies and other healthcare professions to be involved and create a more efficient and efficacy system.
Cognitive Authority as an Instance of Informational and Expert Power
Authors: Savolainen Reijo
Published: August 2021

The study elaborates the picture of the relationships between information and power by examining how informational and expert power appear in the characterizations of cognitive authority presented in the research literature. The study draws on the conceptual analysis of 25 key studies on the above issues. Mainly focusing on Patrick Wilson’s classic notion of cognitive authority, it was examined how informational power and expert power are constitutive of authority of this kind, and how people subject to the influence of cognitive authorities trust or challenge such authorities. The findings indicate that researchers have characterized the features of expert power inherent in cognitive authority by diverse qualifiers such as competence and trustworthiness of information sources considered authoritative. Informational power has mainly been approached in terms of irrefutability of individual arguments and facts offered by cognitive authorities. Both forms of power are persuasive in nature and information seekers can trust or challenge them by drawing on their experiential knowledge in particular. The findings also highlight the need to elaborate the construct of cognitive authority by rethinking its relevance in the networked information environments where the traditional picture of authoritative information sources is eroding.
An optical parametric Bragg amplifier on a CMOS chip
Authors: Choi Ju Won , Sohn Byoung-Uk , Sahin Ezgi , Chen George F. R. , Xing Peng , Ng Doris K. T. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Tan Dawn T. H.
Published: August 2021

We demonstrate a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible optical parametric Bragg amplifier on an ultra-silicon-rich nitride chip. The amplifier design incorporates advantageous group index properties in a nonlinear Bragg grating to circumvent phase matching limitations arising from the bulk material and waveguide dispersion. The grating structure further augments the effective nonlinear parameter of 800 W−1/m, considerably lowering the power required for the observation of strong parametric gain. On/off optical parametric gain of 20 dB is achieved using a low peak power of 1.6 W, in good agreement with numerical calculations. This represents a 7 dB improvement in the parametric gain compared to the absence of grating enhancement which is attributed to the Bragg grating induced superior phase matching.
Combined effects of nano-silica and silica fume on the mechanical behavior of recycled aggregate concrete
Authors: Yunchao Tang , Zheng Chen , Wanhui Feng , Yumei Nong , Cong Li , Jieming Chen
Published: August 2021

Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is an environmentally friendly material. However, owing to inherent characteristics of the recycled aggregate (RA), it is difficult to promote and apply it in structural engineering. Silica fume (SF) and nano-silica (NS) have different characteristics as additives for RAC. It has been proven that adding SF only enhances the strength of RAC at a later stage, and NS can improve the early strength of RAC owing to its high pozzolanic activity. In this study, to further improve the properties of RAC, two types of additives were combined into RAC, which was named SF-NS-modified RAC (SSRAC). Compression and split tensile tests were conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of SSRAC at different curing ages. The results indicated that the combined addition of NS and SF improved the performance of RAC at early and later curing ages. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to explore the NS and SF mechanism. The results indicated that SF and NS in SSRAC had a good pozzolanic effect and underwent a secondary hydration reaction with calcium hydroxide to increase the production of calcium silicate hydrate, resulting in an increase in the properties of the interface transition zone. Finally, 6% SF and 2 or 3% NS are recommended as supplementary cementitious materials for RAC.
A Social Network Analysis of the Oceanographic Community: A Fragmented Digital Community of Practice
Authors: Dahlan Kinda , Terras Melissa
Published: August 2021

What does a digital Social Network Analysis reveal about online oceanographic communities on Twitter? We examine the structure of a digital community of practice of oceanographers and ocean-related stakeholders on Twitter using a Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach to understand digital aspects of information production and information flow in oceanography, mapping the social ties between members of a community of practice concerned with the study of the oceans. We carried out the SNA using Docteur Tweety TwExList for data collection, and Gephi to visualize scraped data, and found that although the oceanographic community on Twitter is an active vibrant community, fragmentation between sub-communities exist. Further qualitative sampling revealed where these fragmentations occur between individual researchers, institutions, funding bodies, government agencies, and news outlets as a result of practice, time zones, and geography. The findings also revealed which groups are utilizing Twitter consistently, and which accounts have the potential to connect isolated groups. We recommend that if training were available to assist ocean scientists in understanding the affordances of Twitter, it would be possible to utilise it for better collaboration, community integration, and more effective public outreach.
Digitization of Library Resources in Higher Education Institutions in La Union, Philippines
Authors: Lacuata Ana Nova
Published: August 2021

This descriptive research determined the extent of implementation of the guidelines on digitization of resources in the libraries of HEIs in La Union along selection, technical requirement and implementation, legal aspects, budget, human resource planning, development and maintenance, preservation of digital content and project management; and the strengths and weaknesses on digitization of resources. Data gathered using the validated and pretested questionnaire was treated using percentage, ranking, and weighted mean. A total of 40 library personnel participated in the study. The implementation of the guidelines on digitization of resources in the libraries of HEIs in La Union, Philippines was found to be moderately implemented and is relatively weak. A Digitization Manual Model was formulated to address the identified weaknesses. Through these guidelines and procedures, library personnel will have clear guidelines as to how digitization activities must be done. It will serve as a framework that will provide effective and efficient digitization.
Die Sprachlandschaft des schulischen Raums
Authors: Androutsopoulos Jannis , Kuhlee Franziska
Published: August 2021

The study of signage in educational settings (‘schoolscape’) is a recent development in linguistic landscape research. Some approaches to schoolscapes focus on signs in schools of various types, which are coded for formal and functional characteristics, including language choice. Other approaches examine signs alongside spatial practices, e. g. the arrangement of furniture and classroom activities, thereby taking the viewpoints of teachers, students and parents into consideration. The research presented in this paper centers on school signs. We propose an analytical framework for schoolscape research which integrates the geosemiotic framework by Scollon and Scollon (2003), the classification of school signage by Gorter and Cenoz (2015), the notion of ‘sign genres’ from linguistic landscape studies and text linguistics, and a context-sensitive approach to spatial differences within educational institutions. Our framework includes four interlocking levels of examination: (a) discourses, i. e. knowledge-and-power configurations, indexed by a sign; (b) genres by which a discourse is materialized in space; (c) a sign’s precise spatial location, e. g. a classroom as opposed to the school foyer, and (d) the semiotic resources that are routinely deployed for various genres of school signage. Empirical evidence comes from a case study of a secondary school in Hamburg, with more than 550 signs photographed and coded. The paper presents an exhaustive analysis of this data in terms of seven discourses, each materialized by a number of genres and with a specific spatial distribution in the school. The potential of this framework for future schoolscape research is discussed.
Nutzungsstatistiken von linguistischen Online-Ressourcen: Potentiale und Limitationen
Authors: Wolfer Sascha , Michaelis Frank , Müller-Spitzer Carolin
Published: August 2021

Dictionary usage research views dictionaries primarily as tools for solving linguistic problems. A large proportion of dictionary use now takes place online and can thus be easily monitored using tracking technologies. Using the data gathered through tracking usage data, we hope to optimize user experiences of dictionaries and other linguistic resources. Usage statistics are also used for external evaluation of linguistic resources. In this paper, we pursue the following three questions from a quantitative perspective: (1) What new insights can we gain from collecting and analysing usage data? (2) What limitations of the data and/or the collection process do we need to be aware of? (3) How can these insights and limitations inform the development and evaluation of linguistic resources?
Comparison of V̇o 2peak and V̇o 2max at Different Sampling Intervals in Collegiate Wrestlers
Authors: Sell Katie M. , Ghigiarelli Jamie J. , Prendergast James M. , Ciani Gioia J. , Martin Jacob , Gonzalez Adam M.
Published: August 2021

Sell, KM, Ghigiarelli, JJ, Prendergast, JM, Ciani, GJ, Martin, J, and Gonzalez, AM. Comparison of V̇o
2peak and V̇o
2max at different sampling intervals in collegiate wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2915–2917, 2021—The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the highest oxygen uptake (V̇o
2peak) achieved during a maximal effort graded exercise test (GXT) in 20 NCAA Division I male wrestlers using breath-by-breath (BbB) values to the maximal uptake averaged across different time- and breath-based oxygen consumption sampling intervals (V̇o
2max). Given the need for aerobic fitness and anaerobic power in wrestling, the accurate determination of V̇o
2max is imperative if it is to be used to identify current aerobic fitness and consequently guide sport-specific training programs to address weaknesses in this area. Each subject completed a cycle ergometer GXT during which BbB data were collected via indirect calorimetry and V̇o
2peak determined as the highest value. V̇o
2max was considered as the average value of 3-s, 5-s, 10-s, 20-s, and 30-s sampling, and 3-b, 7-b, and 11-b sampling during the GXT. Results show that the BbB V̇o
2peak was significantly higher than the 5-s, 10-s, 20-s, 30-s, and 11-b (p < 0.05). The 3-b V̇o
2max was significantly higher than the 20-s and 30-s V̇o
2max values (p < 0.05). The underestimation of V̇o
2peak for each time-based interval sampling approach compared with BbB V̇o
2peak is consistent with previous research, but the comparison of BbB data to breath-based interval sampling has not been widely addressed in prior research. The use of a 7-b sampling interval for the determination of V̇o
2max may be a promising approach to minimize the systematic errors associated with BbB or less frequent sampling intervals, but future research is needed to further support its application with elite athletic populations such as those in the current study.
MİKRODALGA DESTEKLİ HİDRODİSTİLASYON YÖNTEMİYLE ELDE EDİLEN PELARGONIUM GRAVEOLENS (ITIR) ESANSİYEL YAĞININ KARAKTERİSTİK BAZI ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: AYDINLIK Pelin , YUCEER Yonca
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada Pelargonium graveolens’den (ıtır) elde edilen esansiyel yağın karakteristik özellikleri incelenerek doğal katkı maddesi olarak elma suyunda kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Esansiyel yağ üretiminde mikrodalga destekli hidrodistilasyon yöntemi kullanılmış ve %1.75 verimle esansiyel yağ üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uçucu bileşenlerin tanımlanması amacıyla gaz kromatografisi kütle spektrometresi kullanılmıştır. Itır esansiyel yağının temel uçucu bileşenleri sitronelil format, izomenton, linalol, sitronelol ve geraniol olarak belirlenmiştir. Esansiyel yağın antioksidan aktivitesi 0.54 mM troloks/mL yağ bulunmuştur. Esansiyel yağın antibakteriyel etkisinin Escherichia coli’ye kıyasla Staphylococcus aureus üzerine daha fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Itır esansiyel yağı ilave edilmiş elma suyunun mikrobiyel yükünde depolama boyunca düşüş olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca esansiyel yağ ilave edilen elma suyunun duyusal özellikler bakımından da kabul edilebilir olduğu tüketici testiyle ortaya koyulmuştur.
Targeted genomic analysis of 364 adrenocortical carcinomas
Authors: Pozdeyev Nikita , Fishbein Lauren , Gay Laurie M , Sokol Ethan S , Hartmaier Ryan , Ross Jeffrey S , Darabi Sourat , Demeure Michael J , Kar Adwitiya , Foust Lindsey J , Koc Katrina , Bowles Daniel W , Leong Stephen , Wierman Margaret E , Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja
Published: August 2021

Despite recent advances in elucidating molecular pathways underlying adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), this orphan malignancy is associated with poor survival. Identification of targetable genomic alterations is critical to improve outcomes. The objective of this study was to characterize the genomic profile of a large cohort of patient ACC samples to identify actionable genomic alterations. Three hundred sixty-four individual patient ACC tumors were analyzed. The median age of the cohort was 52 years and 60.9% (n = 222) were female. ACC samples had common alterations in epigenetic pathways with 38% of tumors carrying alterations in genes involved in histone modification, 21% in telomere lengthening, and 21% in SWI/SNF complex. Tumor suppressor genes and WNT signaling pathway were each mutated in 51% of tumors. Fifty (13.7%) ACC tumors had a genomic alteration in genes involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway with many tumors also displaying an unusually high number of mutations and a corresponding MMR mutation signature. In addition, genomic alterations in several genes not previously associated with ACC were observed, including IL7R, LRP1B, FRS2 mutated in 6, 8 and 4% of tumors, respectively. In total, 58.5% of ACC (n = 213) had at least one potentially actionable genomic alteration in 46 different genes. As more than half of ACC have one or more potentially actionable genomic alterations, this highlights the value of targeted sequencing for this orphan cancer with a poor prognosis. In addition, significant incidence of MMR gene alterations suggests that immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic for a considerable subset of ACC patients.
¿Proyección social o responsabilidad social universitaria? Reflexiones a partir de una experiencia investigativa
Authors: Torres Ruiz Angie Carolina
Published: August 2021

La tercera Conferencia Regional de Educación Superior de América Latina y el Caribe (CRES), realizada en Córdoba (Argentina) en el 2018, reafirmó “el compromiso de la región con un mundo más justo, equitativo, igualitario y sustentable” (CRES, 2018) y propuso para ello el Plan de Acción 2018-2028, de acuerdo con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). En diálogo con la CRES y a propósito de la participación en el tercer Encuentro Regional de Extensión Universitaria de la Asociación Colombiana de Universidades, el equipo de la investigación “Megaproyectos en Colombia”, del grupo Conflictos Sociales, Género y Territorios de la Universidad Santo Tomás (USTA) considera pertinente compartir algunas reflexiones.
La evolución de la evaluación: por el mejoramiento del ejercicio docente
Authors: Hernández Barriga Fabiola Inés , Orozco Carlos Alfonso , Fonseca Ortiz Lina María , Fernández Peña Iliana , Fonseca Gómez Lida Rubiela , Gutiérrez Mora Esther
Published: August 2021

En el 2005, la Universidad Santo Tomás (USTA comenzó un ejercicio de reflexión acerca de la evaluación docente, la importancia de los procesos asociados y su respectivo impacto sobre la comunidad académica, en virtud de ello, el objetivo versó sobre la realización de una revisión y ajuste del instrumento de evaluación que se aplicaba. Por lo anterior, se entendió la importancia de ser críticos, de aprender de lo vivido, realizar un ejercicio valorativo que permita tomar decisiones de mejoramiento (USTA, 2010).
La Universidad Santo Tomás y las crisis educativas en Colombia
Authors: Gómez Bello Eduardo Alberto
Published: August 2021

En la historia reciente de la Universidad Santo Tomás se han presentado dos crisis que llevaron a que la Universidad introduzca cambios en la forma de organizar sus procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La primera en marzo de 1971 y la segunda, en marzo de 2020. En ambos momentos la respuesta educativa de la USTA fue usar métodos “a distancia”: en la primera, a través del uso del correo físico y, la segunda, por medio de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación. Ambas en el marco del concepto de educación que la Orden de Predicadores y Tomás de Aquino, establecieron desde el siglo XIII.
La Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo: acción más que Retórica
Authors: Rodríguez-Rojas Yuber Liliana
Published: August 2021

Colombia decidió asumir un nuevo reto, incorporar los sistemas de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en las organizaciones. Aunque los sistemas de gestión son una herramienta que usan las organizaciones para dar una estructura a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo (SST y, se ha evidenciado que, estos conllevan a efectos positivos en la gestión de las organizaciones y en la seguridad y salud de los trabajadores, no son suficientes ante las variaciones que tiene el trabajo en la actualidad, derivado de las nuevas modalidades en la prestación de servicios, el crecimiento de la complejidad organizacional y los riesgos laborales emergentes. Un ejemplo de ello, son las nuevas startups, en las cuales el negocio se soporta en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y, se basan en la economía colaborativa.
Economía y género: diálogos de universidad
Authors: Bermúdez Franco Laura Vivianne
Published: August 2021

En el reciente 8 de marzo (8M) el mundo se estremeció con las marchas que millones de mujeres protagonizaron desde distintas latitudes. La plaza de la Dignidad en Chile se vistió de morado y verde en una convocatoria sin precedentes. Las calles de Francia se llenaron de mujeres a pesar de la crisis desatada por el coronavirus o Covid-19, pues, ellas, nosotras, según muestra algún letrero, somos el antídoto. Tailandia, Australia, Ecuador, Colombia fueron solamente pequeñas muestras de lo que significa la acción femenina en el mundo.
Integración de redes de investigación y formación tomasina: crónica de estancia académica en México
Authors: Torres Torres Eugenio Martín
Published: August 2021

Con la idea pertinaz de conjugar en una estancia académica nuestros tres ejes guías de docencia, investigación y proyección social, desde 2018 en el Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Históricas, “Fray Alonso de Zamora” (Ieshfaz), pensábamos en el cómo y en cuándo poder hacerlo. Pronto las posibilidades se perfilaron a través de la transversalidad académica del Departamento de Humanidades y Formación Integral (DHFI), cuyas cátedras, seminarios y asignaturas permean a todas las carreras. Los dos primeros intentos no tuvieron éxito debido a la indefinición de nuestras propuestas, porque requeríamos de tiempo para definir las actividades a realizar, y, sobre todo, identificar su posible continuidad en nuestra Alma Mater.
La fuente: representación de la vida y el dinamismo del cambio
Authors: Gómez Bello Eduardo Alberto
Published: August 2021

Para los muiscas, asentados en el territorio cundiboyacense, el agua era un elemento divino al que le dedicaban ceremonias religiosas, además que la cuidaban y protegían porque era el recurso para sus alimentos y para asearse. Con la llegada de los españoles, se funda Santafé de Bogotá entre los ríos San Agustín (hoy calle 6) y San Francisco (hoy Avenida Jiménez o calle 13), de donde los pobladores tomaban el agua para los alimentos, lavaban la ropa, se bañaban, botaban la basura y donde las aguateras llenaban las múcuras para vender el agua a las habitantes de la ciudad. Eran sitios públicos en donde la chusma, principalmente, se divertía.
E-Swimming
Authors: Núñez Pinilla Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2021

En medio de una realidad completamente atípica, la academia no podía ser la excepción; las clases se alteraron, los estudiantes se alejaron y los docentes se afectaron. Toda la educación se vio mediada por la tecnología, las redes sociales se convirtieron en la mejor herramienta pedagógica y todo lo que se planeó para actividades presenciales, ahora debe ser aplicado por plataformas virtuales de reunión. ¡El nuevo reto de los docentes!
Si las clases teóricas en sí mismas ya eran un reto, ahora, preparar una clase práctica, en una cátedra deportiva, bajo un modelo de enseñanza mediada por tecnología era aún mayor. La tarea no fue solo familiarizarse con la plataforma, era conectar a los estudiantes con la clase, con la Cátedra Opcional Institucional de Natación; eso implicava no sólo al cumplimiento del syllabus, también a no dejar de lado las expectativas planteadas por los estudiantes al matricular esta cátedra: aprender a nadar. Con la convicción de que los diferentes deportes se aprenden practicando, y por la lectura que realizo de los estudiantes, que así también lo creen, se plantea la ausencia del escenario por medio de estrategias prácticas en tierra.
El rendimiento académico y social: mirada desde dos estudiantes tomasinos
Authors: Rincón Roso Luis Alejandro , Trujillo García Lorena
Published: August 2021

La finalidad de este estudio es entender la percepción de los estudiantes de la Universidad Santo Tomás en su proceso de aprendizaje bajo la Modalidad Presencial Mediada por las Tecnologías -PMT- que se presentó durante el primer semestre del 2020, para esto se identifican los factores que influyen en el proceso de aprendizaje además de analizar si se desarrollaron o no, las funciones cognitivas de los estudiantes en ciertas áreas de aprendizaje académico y personal, tales como la autorreflexión, la relación con su entorno, habilidad de lenguaje, capacidad de solucionar problemas lógico -matemáticos, capacidades motrices y la relación hombre-medio
Anfípodos pelágicos (Amphilochidea, Hyperiidea y Senticaudata) del Pacífico de Costa Rica: nuevos registros y una lista de especies actualizada
Authors: Violante-Huerta Marco , Morales-Ramírez Álvaro , Sanvicente-Añorve Laura
Published: August 2021

En Costa Rica, los estudios sobre zooplancton que aborden los anfípodos pelágicos son escasos, la lista de especies previa a este trabajo incluye solo 41 especies del suborden Hyperiidea. El objetivo de este estudio fue actualizar la lista de especies de anfípodos pelágicos del Pacífico de Costa Rica y registrar especies previamente desconocidas en el país. En julio de 2012, se realizó el muestreo del zooplancton de aguas cercanas a la isla del Coco, Costa Rica, en 26 estaciones oceanográficas. Un total de 13 especies de anfípodos pelágicos de los subórdenes Amphilochidea (1), Hyperiidea (11) y Senticaudata (1) fue identificado para aguas del Pacífico costarricense. Los nuevos registros incrementan el conocimiento de la riqueza de anfípodos pelágicos para el Pacífico de Costa Rica a 54 especies, lo que sugiere la necesidad de explorar más la diversidad de estos organismos en la región.
Surface roughness of thermally treated wood cut with different parameters in CNC router machine
Authors: Pelit Hüseyin , Korkmaz Mustafa , Budakçı Mehmet
Published: August 2021

The effects of different machining parameters on surface roughness values of thermally treated pine, beech, and linden woods cut in a computer numerical control (CNC) router machine were examined. Wood specimens were thermally treated at 170, 190, and 210 °C for 2 h. Then, specimens were cut in the radial and tangential directions with three different spindle speeds (12000, 15000, and 18000 rpm) and three different feed rates (3000, 4000, and 6000 mm/min) using two different end mill tools (spiral and straight) on the CNC machine. The end mill type significantly affected the roughness values of the untreated and thermally treated specimens in both directions. Lower roughness values were found in the specimens (especially pine) machined with the straight end mill compared to those machined with the spiral end mill. Roughness generally decreased in the thermally treated specimens. However, thermal treatment temperature did not have a notable effect on roughness. As the spindle speed increased, the roughness values of all specimens decreased. In contrast, as the feed rate increased, the roughness values increased. Therefore, the end mill type, feed rate, and spindle speed were the most influential parameters on the roughness.
Process simulation-based evaluation of design and operational implications of water-laid paper machine conversion to foam technology
Authors: Sorsamäki Lotta , Koponen Antti , Hytönen Eemeli
Published: August 2021

Foam forming technology has attracted much attention during the past few years in the paper industry. Its advantages compared to conventional water forming are a new product portfolio and increased process efficiency. To support the paper industry in pushing foam forming technology forward, process simulation is needed to provide supporting data for strategic decision-making and as a basis for equipment dimensioning. This study examined the conversion of an existing wallpaper machine from water to foam forming technology using process simulation. To determine the required process configuration and parameter changes in the existing process, both published and unpublished data on the foam forming process were collected. This paper also describes modeling of the foam phase in the selected simulation software. The suitability of existing paper process equipment for foam was analyzed. Simulations revealed that undisturbed operation with foam requires some equipment modifications and re-arrangements in water circuits. With foam forming, the water balance in both short and long circulation changes remarkably compared to conventional water forming, leading to a large increase in the long circulation volume flows.
Microbiological diversity in an aerated lagoon treating kraft effluent
Authors: Nunes Jackeline Valendolf , da Silva Mac Wendell Barbosa , Couto Gustavo Henrique , Bordin Eduarda Roberta , Ramdsdorf Wanessa Algarte , Flôr Izadora Cervelin , Vicente Vânia Aparecida , de Almeida José Daniel , Celinski Fernanda , Xavier Claudia Regina
Published: August 2021

The microbiological diversity of cultivable bacteria was analyzed in an aerated facultative lagoon. The removal of specific compounds and measures of pollutant load was evaluated with isolated native bacteria, selected and identified in kraft cellulose effluent. The system was operated with an organic loading rate of 0.2 kgCODm-3d-1 for 60 days. Analyses of the fluorescence excitation-emission matrix, acute ecotoxicity, and microbiology were performed. Bioaugmentation tests were done to emphasize the removal of color, using promising species. The removals of biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon in AFL were 94%, 51%, and 41%, respectively. Regarding color, removal was up to 4%, and the total phenolic compounds were not removed through biological treatment. The treatment also decreased turbidity by 94% and lignin derivatives by 12%. The bacteria identified through NCBI-BLAST and statistical similarity totaled 9 species in the cellulose effluent, three of which have the potential for color treatment: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Paenibacillus sp. The Bacillus cereus combined with biomass removed color (69%), total phenolic compounds (37%), and compounds derived from lignin (53%). These species are promising for removing specific parameters combined with biomass from biological AFL treatment systems.
The Case of Billy Best: 25 Years Later
Authors: Marron Jonathan M. , Mithani Zamina , Meyer Elaine C.
Published: August 2021

Billy Best was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma in 1994 at age 16 and became well-known when he ran away from home to avoid receiving further chemotherapy. His story became national news when, with the support of his adopted parents, he returned home and opted to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) instead of standard chemotherapy and radiation for his cancer treatment. Now 25 years since Billy Best entered the public eye, his story is one that is frequently referenced in pediatrics, bioethics, and other related fields. Here, the authors examine the evolution of various features of this case, including treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma, the interplay between medicine and the media, the role of CAM in pediatric care, navigating entrenched disagreements and how best to integrate adolescents into health care decision-making, and the role of narrative in medical practice. The authors explore the unique role of each of these facets of Billy Best’s case, describing how each has or has not changed in the quarter century since that time amid the changing landscape of pediatric health care. Ultimately, although many advances have occurred since Billy Best’s time, significant work remains. Additional effort will be required in the future to optimize communication, improve treatment toxicities from Hodgkin lymphoma without decreasing survival, integrate the voice and perspective of adolescents into their treatment decisions, and navigate the roles of CAM and the media in pediatric health care.
Caracterización de Sitio empleando Prospección Geofísica y Geotécnica. Caso de estudio Vía principal Troncal Central del Norte (Ruta Nacional 55) a la altura del Km 68+500 en el Municipio de Pamplona, Norte De Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Moya Gutierrez Anyelo Jose
Published: August 2021

En el artículo presente se aplicaron técnicas Geofísicas y Geotécnicas para la caracterización del subsuelo a la altura del Km 68+500 de la vía principal Troncal Central del Norte (Ruta Nacional 55). Las técnicas Geofísicas implementadas fueron: el Sondeo Eléctrico Vertical (SEV), Tomografía de Refracción Sísmica (TRS) y el Análisis Multicanal de Ondas Superficiales (MASW de sus siglas en inglés). Para el caso de la Geotecnia se utilizó el Ensayo de Penetración Estándar (SPT de sus siglas en inglés) y los ensayos de laboratorio de suelos tales como: Contenido de Humedad, límites de Atterberg y Granulometría. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las propiedades físicas como la resistividad eléctrica, velocidad sísmica tipo P y S, del mismo modo obtener los parámetros dinámicos y geotécnicos de los materiales en el área de estudio. Esto con el fin de clasificar el tipo de suelo y obtener las curvas de espectro de aceleracione, según la NSR10 (título A). La metodología llevada a cabo fue la siguiente: una fase de campo que consistió en el levantamiento de datos Topográficos, datos geotécnicos y datos geofísicos cubriendo una línea de 161 m de longitud, en donde se realizó dos (2) ensayos de SPT, cuatro (4) de SEV, dos (2) líneas de TRS, dos (2) de MASW 1D y MASW 2D. La segunda fase consistió en el procesamiento de los datos geofísicos y geotécnicos con el fin de generar imágenes 2D y perfiles de cada propiedad estudiada. Finalmente interpretar y correlacionar los datos geofísicos en conjunto con los datos geotécnicos. Como resultado se obtuvieron rangos de velocidad de onda P entre 499m/s y 1714m/s, velocidad de onda S entre 210m/s y 466m/s y resistividades entre 6.06 Ω-m y 581.05 Ω-m. A fin de cuentas, se logró identificar perfiles de suelo Tipo D, los cuales corresponden a materiales rígidos y arenas con presencia de arcilla y arcilla limosa saturada.
Resultados do IDEB-2019 sugerem avanço no Ensino Médio
Authors: Antônio da Silva Renan , Demo Pedro , Minayo Maria Cecília de Souza
Published: August 2021

Nove estados alcançaram Ideb maior ou igual a 6 nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. São Paulo teve o melhor desempenho, com 6,7 pontos, seguido por Distrito Federal, Santa Catarina, Paraná e Minas Gerais, com 6,5 pontos; Ceará, com 6,4 pontos; Goiás, com 6,2 pontos; Espírito Santo, com 6,1 pontos; e Rio Grande do Sul, com 6 pontos. Já o Pará teve o resultado mais baixo, com 4,9 pontos, mas superou sua meta de 4,7 pontos. Nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, o aumento foi de 0,2 pontos, com resultado final de 4,9 pontos. Apesar da melhora, o índice ficou abaixo da meta de 5,2 pontos em 2019. Essa etapa de ensino possui 61,8 mil escolas e 11,9 milhões de estudantes no Brasil. O estado de São Paulo teve o melhor desempenho, com 5,5 pontos, mas não conseguiu atingir a meta individual de 5,9 pontos. Sete estados conseguiram cumprir seus objetivos: Amazonas, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Piauí, Ceará, Paraná e Goiás. Os resultados mais baixos foram do Amapá, com 4 pontos, e do Pará, do Rio Grande do Norte, de Sergipe e da Bahia, com 4,1 pontos.
Aspectos éticos e econômicos da tributação sob uma perspectiva hoppeana
Authors: Alves Felipe Freitas de Araújo , Cirino Luis Felipe Ramos , Madeira Germano Leão Hitzchky , Da Silva Zuanetti Caio
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a ética e a economia da tributação sob a luz dos ensinamentos desenvolvidos por Hans-Hermann Hoppe.  Com supedâneo na Ética Argumentativa Hoppeana, o artigo aborda as consequências econômicas da espoliação legal, valendo-se, para tanto, da metodologia desenvolvida pela Escola Austríaca de Economia, corrente de pensamento econômico da qual Hoppe faz parte. Ademais, Hans Hoppe deixa claro que a tributação deve ser vista – acima de tudo – como um meio de destruição da propriedade e formação de riqueza. Em suma, as obras de Hans-Hermann Hoppe caracterizam-se por uma intransigente defesa moral e intelectual do direito de propriedade privada, cujas lições pouco ortodoxas sintetizam, por um lado, uma profunda crítica ética ao ato de tributar e, por outro, a destruição de riqueza que esse instituto causa.
Evaluating Strategic Structures in Multi-Agent Inverse Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Fu Justin , Tacchetti Andrea , Perolat Julien , Bachrach Yoram
Published: August 2021

A core question in multi-agent systems is understanding the motivations for an agent's actions based on their behavior. Inverse reinforcement learning provides a framework for extracting utility functions from observed agent behavior, casting the problem as finding domain parameters which induce such a behavior from rational decision makers.  We show how to efficiently and scalably extend inverse reinforcement learning to multi-agent settings, by reducing the multi-agent problem to N single-agent problems while still satisfying rationality conditions such as strong rationality. However, we observe that rewards learned naively tend to lack insightful structure, which causes them to produce undesirable behavior when optimized in games with different players from those encountered during training. We further investigate conditions under which rewards or utility functions can be precisely identified, on problem domains such as normal-form and Markov games, as well as auctions, where we show we can learn reward functions that properly generalize to new settings.
Rap against rape: hiphop como denuncia a la violencia de género en Ecatepec
Authors: Cerrillo Garnica Omar
Published: August 2021

México se ha convertido en uno de los países más peligrosos del mundo en términos de violencia de género. En años recientes, la notoriedad pública de los movimientos feministas en el país se ha incrementado, lo que ha requerido nuevos repertorios de protesta, siendo la música una importante forma de expresar las demandas del movimiento. Uno de los municipios más azotados por el feminicidio es Ecatepec, un conurbado de la Ciudad de México, caracterizado por la pobreza, la marginación y la violencia. En medio de este contexto de adversidad, en esta localidad surge un movimiento musical de mujeres raperas que, a través de su música, buscan el empoderamiento de la mujer y la denuncia de la violencia de género en su entorno. El presente artículo de investigación pretende analizar las formas discursivas de esta música para dimensionar su alcance social y político, entre otros aspectos. Se utilizará un método desarrollado por el autor para el análisis del discurso social en la música, el cual se ha perfeccionado para este trabajo y será detallado en el corpus del presente artículo. Asimismo, dada la particularidad de este caso, se aplicarán el concepto de artivismo, así como la teoría y perspectiva de género para la mejor comprensión del tema. Con este proyecto se pretende, por una parte, afinar una herramienta de análisis sobre el discurso social de la música, y por otra, demostrar la fuerza discursiva de la música y su importancia dentro de los movimientos sociales, en particular, el movimiento feminista.
Um texto cheio de práticas contraditórias: performances e metodologias para abranger os assuntos de gênero no fazer artístico
Authors: Moura Daniel
Published: August 2021

Este artigo, uma interseção entre revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa ação, aponta perspectivas metodológicas para o trabalho com dança/performance a partir da compreensão de que a pesquisa em artes, sobretudo no âmbito universitário, demanda metodologias específicas que precisam ser olhadas com mais atenção. Este trabalho está dedicado a professores e estudantes que encontram as suas próprias metodologias no exercício do fazer, as quais frequentemente não se adequam a parâmetros exclusivamente quantitativos ou qualitativos. Assim, a partir da InvestiCriação, da Pesquisa Performativa e da Crítica Genética, proponho um olhar sobre o fazer artístico a partir de reflexões sobre a arte e a experiência compartilhada em sala de aula, na construção de performances e metodologias que têm como tema os assuntos de gênero.
Posibilidades para unas cuantas “escenas de(s)coloniales callejeras”
Authors: Sarmiento Bonilla María Fernanda
Published: August 2021

El siguiente artículo presenta las primeras exploraciones del proyecto de investigación/creación “Escenas de(s)coloniales callejeras: Performatividades del género y lo urbano” realizado con estudiantes y docentes del programa Artes de la Escena del Politécnico Grancolombiano, en Bogotá, en los meses de octubre a diciembre de 2020. Estas exploraciones han tenido lugar en dos espacios públicos de la ciudad y se han desarrollado con el fin de crear acciones performativas que denuncien, visibilicen y evidencien las violencias coloniales. Para tal fin se ha abordado la calle como lugar de entrenamiento escénico, fuente creadora, punto de relacionamiento entre lo humano y lo arquitectónico y escenario de las más diversas y profundas opresiones patriarcales, racistas, xenófobas, machistas, homofóbicas, etc. Además de ir a los espacios públicos con el fin de intervenirlos y dejar que estos intervengan en los cuerpos de quienes integran el grupo participante, se han incorporado teorías, prácticas y experiencias de la literatura de(s)colonial y de diferentes feminismos como el comunitario y el decolonial, con el fin de cruzar los conocimientos escénicos con los espacios públicos y las de(s)colonialidades. Para esas travesías sentipensantes se han estudiado autoras como Fabiana Dultra, Paola Berenstein, Ochy Curiel, Lorena Cabnal, Catherine Walsh, Tania Alice, Antonio Araujo, entre más.
Voces de ellas: una aproximación literaria a la fenomenología del sufrimiento en la respuesta ética
Authors: Pérez Reyes Paula Andrea
Published: August 2021

El fenómeno del sufrimiento se retrata a través de la palabra hecha relatos, poesía e ilustración, en donde es posible identificar su dolor como una vivencia narrada en presente continuo. Para este artículo se tomará en cuenta la obra de tres escritoras colombianas: María Mercedes Carranza, Patricia Nieto y Mery Yolanda Sánchez. De aquello que se relata en los textos, se pueden descubrir aquellas huellas como una marca hecha memoria en las voces de sus protagonistas, cuyas líneas lo describen como una imborrable cicatriz. La palabra como respuesta ética le permite al sufriente catalizar el dolor, con ella puede volver en el tiempo mediante el relato, con una voz y una historia por contar. De esta manera, surge este artículo, el cual es producto de la investigación doctoral titulada: Fenomenología del sufrimiento, las voces en la respuesta ética del rostro, en donde se hace uso de las herramientas propias de la investigación cualitativa de tipo fenomenológica, realizando un abordaje desde una metodología que hace que el factor experiencia a través de las voces presentes en la creación literaria, sea a su vez el recurso central de la fenomenología de la ética. De lo anterior surge la siguiente inquietud: ¿cómo contribuye la fenomenología al reconocimiento de las voces, presentes en la literatura del sufrimiento en Colombia? El desafío que aquí se presenta, permanece en el marco de la discusión en donde es necesario el diálogo de saberes entre la filosofía y la literatura como una forma de reflexión que permita el reconocimiento de aquellas voces.
El cuerpo en el romanticismo alemán. Consideraciones sobre el cuerpo femenino en Friedrich Schlegel y el cuerpo-máquina en E.T.A. Hoffmann
Authors: Garnica Naím
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo de reflexión intenta abordar la relación que se establece entre lo natural, la máquina y lo humano en el romanticismo alemán, a través de la noción de cuerpo. Debido a la extensión de este movimiento cultural europeo, recortaremos nuestro estudio a dos episodios. El primero corresponde al temprano romanticismo alemán o Frühromantik y el segundo se sitúa en el período romántico denominado Spätromantik, particularmente, en la literatura fantástica de E.T.A. Hoffmann. En la filosofía y/o la literatura de estas corrientes, podemos encontrar algunos elementos útiles para pensar la triple relación antes indicada. La hipótesis del trabajo pretende mostrar de qué modo en el seno del romanticismo existen consideraciones que critican la posibilidad de la división ontológica entre cuerpo y alma o res cogitans y res extensa presentada por Descartes. A tales fines, reconstruimos los supuestos que los románticos piensan en relación con la naturaleza en el marco de su impugnación a las ciencias naturales racionalistas y sus consideraciones sobre el mecanicismo de la época, su idea de organicismo en la filosofía de la naturaleza (Naturphilosophie) y la política, como también, la idea de autómata y máquina presente en cuentos y ensayos. En tales supuestos, se puede hallar de qué modo el cuerpo no es pensado como una materia separada y aislada ontológicamente del pensamiento, el espíritu o el alma. Para poder entender este proceso nos parece adecuado recuperar las representaciones que hay en el romanticismo alemán de lo natural, lo humano y la máquina.