bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Child Abuse
Authors: Rana Nishita , Singh Namita , Shamsher Shaila , Thomas Abi M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Child abuse is an increasing social problem with serious lifetime impact. Almost half of the violence cases affect the head-and-neck region, so dentists can play a proactive role in identifying and reporting possible cases of child abuse.

Aim:

This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude about physical and social indicators, legal aspects, and barriers in reporting mechanisms toward child abuse among dentists in Ludhiana city.

Methodology:

With prior consent, a self-administered structured questionnaire comprising 21 questions was distributed to 100 state-registered dentists of Ludhiana city. The data collected were descriptively analyzed using Pearson Chi-square test.

Results:

A total of 92 dentists responded to the questionnaire, with a response rate of 92%. Among them, 43% were females, while males were 57% and 64.4% of dentists were specialists, out of which 21% were pedodontists. A moderate proportion of the dentists (68%) had knowledge about indicators. The knowledge of indicators was more among pedodontists. However, no significant difference was seen between other respondents and pedodontists. Almost 79% knew their legal duty to report the suspected case. Forty percent of the dentist had encountered with child abuse cases with a significant difference among pedodontists when compared to other respondents, but only 23% reported a case. Fear of litigation, lack of referral knowledge, and uncertainty of diagnosis were major barriers in reporting. Ninety-two percent showed a positive attitude for further training in identification and reporting mechanisms for suspected cases.

Conclusion:

The respondent dentists had moderate knowledge regarding child abuse, positive attitude toward dealing with child abuse, but they were diffident and unaware of the appropriate authority to report. Considering this fact, a systematic educational program in diagnosis and reporting of child abuse is advised to provide adequate knowledge than lecture-based learning.
Pre and Posttransplant Vaccination for Solid Organ Transplant Recipient and in South Asia - Expert Group Opinion
Authors: Bansal Shyam Bihari , Ramasubramanian Venktasubramanian , Sethi Sidharth , Prasad Narayan , Kotton Camille Nelson
Published: October 2022

Infections are common after solid organ transplantation (SOT) and are an important cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Many of these infections can be prevented or their severity reduced by vaccination in pre and posttransplantation period. It is better to complete the vaccination before transplantation as protection and seroconversion is better, and live vaccines are mostly contraindicated after SOT. Live vaccines should be given at least 4 weeks before transplantation but killed vaccines can be given up to 2 weeks before the planned transplantation. Vaccination for some diseases which are endemic in South Asia should be given, along with usual vaccinations. Serological monitoring is required for some vaccines to check their efficacy. Similarly, some vaccines are recommended for SOT recipients traveling to various endemic regions.
Preparing for Transplant - Screening and Prophylaxis of Donor and Recipients before Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Bansal Shyam Bihari , Kher Vijay , Ramsubramanian Venkatasubramanian , Choudhary Narendra S , Kotton Camille Nelson
Published: October 2022

Infections are major cause of morbidity and mortality after transplantation. Although many infections are common worldwide, there are differences in various geographic locations. South Asia and India, in particular, has a very active transplant program for kidney and liver transplantation, however, there are no guidelines as how to screen and provide prophylaxis to solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients and donors for both specific infections prevalent in this region along with usual infections. Keeping this in mind, a working group was created comprising transplant physicians, surgeons, and infectious disease specialists from South Asia as well as experts from other countries. This working group developed guidelines based on published evidence, unpublished data from large centers in this region, along with expert opinion. This section of the guidelines deals with pretransplant screening of donors and recipients, which should be useful in dealing with transplants performed in this region for patients belonging to these countries, for those coming for transplantation from other countries, and for programs outside of South Asia who are screening donors and recipients from this region or who have spent significant time in this region.
Endemic Parasitic Disease - Expert Group Opinion for South Asia for Solid-Organ Transplantation − Leishmaniasis, Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Filariasis, and Strongyloidiasis
Authors: Ramasubramanian Venkatasubramanian , Surendran Rajendran , Bansal Nitin , Sridharan Sowmya , Gopalakrishnan Natarajan , Prasad Suba Guru , Rahman Muhibur , Bansal Shyam Bihri
Published: October 2022

Although parasitic infections including malaria, leishmania, and toxoplasmosis contribute to a significant burden of the morbidity and mortality of global populations, they remain woefully understudied in solid-organ transplantation with recommendations mainly based on expert opinions. This paradox is due to the fact that the geographic prevalence of most of these infections is restricted to the developing world where priorities of care are different due to economic constraints. Limited availability of transplant programs where parasitic infections are endemic, challenges in diagnosis, re-activation or recrudescence of latent infections which may present at a later date, the lesser impact of these infections in the immune-suppressed host and limited availability of drugs used in the treatment of some of these infections may influence therapeutic interventions. In the Indian sub-continent, malaria, visceral leishmaniasis (VL), filariasis, strongyloidiasis, and toxoplasmosis are endemic. India contributes to 4% of the total global burden of cases of malaria and has the highest number of cases among the South Asian countries. VL is restricted to Bihar and West Bengal in India and liposomal amphotericin, the drug of choice is still prohibitively expensive. The impact of toxoplasmosis, filariasis, and strongyloidiasis in solid-organ transplant is still limited compared to other infections. Challenges are mainly related to donor screening and exclusion as applying western recommendations to these endemic infections may not be practical. Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy improve outcomes.
Diarrhea in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients in the South Asian Region - Expert Group Opinion for Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Mohta Srikant , Sridharan Sowmya , Gopalakrishnan Ram , Prasad Narayan , Bansal Shyam Bihari , Makharia Govind K.
Published: October 2022

Diarrhea after solid organ transplantation is a common problem. Posttransplant diarrhea can lead to dehydration, weight loss, graft dysfunction, frequent hospitalization and increased mortality. Posttransplant diarrhea is seen in 20%–25% of patients within 2 years of transplantation and it can be both due to infections and the drugs. The most common cause of drug causing diarrhea is mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus. The common infective causes of diarrhea in posttransplant recipients include viral infections (norovirus, sapovirus, cytomegalovirus [CMV]), bacterial infections (Salmonella, Clostridium difficile, Aeromonas, Campylobactor, Enterotoxigenic, and Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli) and parasitic infections (Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, Microsporidia Cyclospora, Strongyloidiasis etc.). Because of overall poor hygienic conditions, infective diarrhea is common in South Asian region. Since most cases of acute diarrhea are infective, and many with viral etiologies, conservative management using oral rehydration solution, antidiarrheal drugs, and where appropriate, a short course of antibiotics helps in the resolution of most cases. A detailed evaluation should be performed in patients with chronic diarrhea, recurrent diarrhea, and those with graft dysfunction. The evaluation of diarrhea should include stool microscopy for ova and cysts, special stains for opportunistic parasitic infection, and molecular diagnostic tools like multiplex Polymerase chain reaction. Colonoscopic and upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination with biopsies are required to investigate for CMV infection, malabsorption syndrome, inflammatory bowel diseases and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Although the causes of diarrhea are numerous, an algorithmic approach should be followed both for the diagnosis and the treatment of diarrhea in an organ transplant recipient.
Extremadura y Alentejo: el avance del periodismo digital transfronterizo en dos de las regiones más pobres de la UE
Authors: Cardoso Juan Manuel
Published: October 2022

Extremadura y Alentejo son dos regiones transfronterizas en el oeste de la Península Ibérica consideradas por la Unión Europea como Objetivo 1, es decir, regiones que para crecer han necesitado y necesitan de los fondos europeos de desarrollo regional. En el ámbito de los medios de comunicación, esa cooperación es prácticamente inexistente, pero ello no es óbice para constatar un cierto progreso a uno y a otro lado de la Raya, aunque con recursos y perspectivas diferentes. En lo que se refiere a internet y el periodismo digital, la proyección para Alentejo no es buena y para Extremadura es lenta, por lo que se requieren esfuerzos independientes y conjuntos. Independientes en la alfabetización tecnológica y en la inversión mediática, además de una mayor profesionalización periodística. Conjuntos en la asunción de ideas y proyectos que conlleven la realización de congresos, programas y empresas que supongan el avance digital a un ritmo que todavía no es ni el esperado ni el adecuado.
El voto de los mexicanos en el extranjero. Un análisis de los resultados de 2006, a la luz de las teorías sobre el comportamiento político
Authors: Valdez Zepeda Andrés , Huerta Franco Delia Amparo , Aguilar Aldrete Arturo , Pérez Preciado Octavio Adolfo
Published: October 2022

El 2 de julio de 2006, por primera vez en la historia del país, los mexicanos residentes en el extranjero pudieron emitir su voto en una elección presidencial. De acuerdo a los resultados dados por el Instituto Federal Electoral (IFE), Felipe Calderón, candidato del Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) de orientación derechista, fue el que obtuvo el mayor número de estos sufragios, seguido por Andrés Manuel López Obrador, candidato de la Alianza por el Bien de Todos de orientación izquierdista. Esta fue una de las elecciones más competidas de la historia. En el ensayo, se analizan los resultados electorales a la luz de las diferentes teorías sobre el comportamiento del voto de los emigrantes. Se concluye que el voto de los mexicanos en el extranjero reproduce y refleja tanto la forma en la que votan los emigrantes en su lugar natal, como la influencia política y cultural que ejerce en la conducta del votante el sistema político y electoral del nuevo país de residencial.
Comparison of mNUTRIC-S2 and mNUTRIC scores to assess nutritional risk and predict intensive care unit mortality
Authors: Kim So Jeong , Lee Hong Yeul , Choi Sun Mi , Lee Sang-Min , Lee Jinwoo
Published: October 2022

Background: Nutritional status is associated with mortality. The modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) score is one of the most commonly used nutritional risk assessment tools in intensive care units (ICUs). The purpose of this study was to compare the mortality predictive ability of the mNUTRIC score to that of the mNUTRIC-S2 score, which uses the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II instead of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II.Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis included patients admitted to the ICU between January and September 2020. Each patient’s electronic medical records were reviewed. The model discrimination for predicting ICU mortality was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and a Cox regression model was performed to confirm the relationship between the groups and mortality.Results: In total, 220 patients were enrolled. The ROC curve for predicting ICU mortality was 0.64 for the mNUTRIC score versus 0.67 for the mNUTRIC-S2 score. The difference between the areas was 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI], –0.01 to 0.06, P=0.09). Patients with mNUTRIC-S2 score ≥5 had a greater risk of ICU mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 3.64; 95% CI, 1.85–7.14; P<0.001); however, no such relationship was observed with mNUTRIC score (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.62–4.62, P=0.31).Conclusions: The mNUTRIC-S2 score was significantly associated with ICU mortality. A cutoff score of 5 was selected as most appropriate.
PM2.5 and PM10 exposure in selected animal feed processing facilities in Kiambu County, Kenya.
Authors: Kimanzi Virginia , Mburu Charles M. , Njogu Paul M.
Published: October 2022

The high demand for animal feed in major towns in Kenya has escalated the proliferation of animal feed manufacturing and uncontrolled animal feed facilities. This exposes the workers to grain dust, which is harmful to their respiratory health. The exposure levels have not been extensively studied and reported in Kenya. The goal of the study was to assess the exposure levels of grain dust to animal feed mill workers in Kiambu County, Kenya. The animal feed facilities were purposely sampled. The grain dust exposure levels in the study sites were monitored using a portable particulate matter sensor. SPSS was used to process and analyze the collected data. The mean PM10 of 53.72 μg/m3 and PM2.5 of 36.54 μg/m3 exceeded the WHO Air Quality Guideline level of a 24-hour exposure time of 45 μg/m3 for PM10 and PM2.5, 15 μg/m3. The study recommends continued implementation of the dust control measures within the animal feed manufacturing facilities and adherence to the set safety and health guidelines by the feed processors.
Investigation into dimensional and strength properties of cement bonded particleboard produced from agro-waste (maize cob) and Sterculia tragacantha sawdust
Authors: Areghan S.E. , Oriire L.T. , Adebisi A.A. , Olajide O.B. , Adiji A.O. , Ogutuga S.O.
Published: October 2022

Agricultural waste management is part of the ecological cycle in which everything is cycled and recycled, recycling is maintained in the eco-system by waste management, all the plant wastes are placed at the right place and right time for the best utilization in order to convert into useful products and pollution control. This study examined the use of agro-waste (maize cob) and Sterculia tragacantha sawdust at varying blending proportions to produce cement particle boards. Boards of dimensions 35cm by 35cm by 1cm were produced from cement and agro-waste (maize cob) and Sterculia tragacantha sawdust at different blending proportionswith additive (CaCl2) at different concentration. Physical properties such as water absorption and thickness swelling, and mechanical properties (Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE)) were investigated. It was observed that the lowest mean values of water absorption of 24 and 48 hours was 12.42% and 16.44% respectively which were obtained at the highest proportion of maize cob particle content and additive concentration of 3% while the highest mean values at 24 hrs and 48 hrs at 24.26%, and 26.23% respectively were obtained at the lowest maize cob particle content and lowest additive concentration of 1%.

The mean values of thickness swelling at 24 hours ranged from 0.61% to 2.92%, with the lowest value showing the least swollen board. The mean values of the thickness swelling at 48 hours ranged from 1.30% to 3.18%. The thickness swelling increased as the quantity of maize cob particles decreased. Mean values of MOE and MOR obtained for this study ranged from 339.48 N/mm3 to 3425.73 N/mm3 and 2.10 N/mm3 to 4.56 N/mm3 for all the blending ratios and additive concentrations. These results show that strength properties of, the board are greatly influenced by blending proportion. From the results obtained in this study, weight gained, weight lost, volumetric shrinkage, and strength properties were influenced by production variables.it can therefore be concluded that particles made from agro-waste and wood particles of Sterculia tragacantha could be recycled for particleboard production. The results of the sorption properties revealed that the particleboards can favorably withstand dry and wet climatic conditions.
Livelihood diversification choices of forest dwellers in Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Jatto K.A. , Adeoye A.S. , Akanni O.F. , Ogunbela A.A. , Falana A.R. , Ogunwale O.G. , Ojo-Fakuade F.F.
Published: October 2022

The study assessed the livelihood diversification choices of forest dwellers in Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo State, Nigeria. A multi-staged sampling technique was used to select ninety-five (95) respondents while data was collected using structured questionnaires. The data generated from the survey were analysed using descriptive statistics and a multinomial logistic regression model. The descriptive result revealed that a slight majority (52.63%) of the households were headed by males and that the average age of the respondents stood at 54.4 years with 86.32% of them having a formal education. Farming is the predominant occupation in the study area with the majority (54.74%) of the household engaged in a combination of farm and non-farm activities, 30.53% of them engaged in only non-farm activities. The factors influencing the choice of non-farm strategy are: having at least secondary education (p<0.01) which was positive and significant while the gender of household head (p<0.01) was negative and significant. Concerning the choice of the combination of farm and non-farm strategy as a livelihood option, marital status (p<0.01) and having at least secondary education (p<0.05) were positive and significant while age of household head (p<0.01) was negative and significant. The study, therefore, recommended the promotion and intensification of technical and financial capacity of the dwellers to undertake conservation-friendly diversification approaches as an alternative strategy to minimize forest exploitation and dependence.
Inter Communal Conflicts (2017-2018) and the Protection of IDPs in Ethiopia: The Need for Specific Legal and Institutional Regime
Authors: Desalegn Rabel
Published: October 2022

The increasing number of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), and the gap in the legal and institutional framework for the protection scheme, remains a concern in Ethiopia.  It is well established that inter-communal conflict forced thousands of people to flee their homes. This article assesses the adequacy of the national framework for the protection of IDPs. Specifically, it investigates whether the national response for disasters accommodates the needs of inter-communal conflict induced IDPs. In this context, the term IDPs is defined as provided in the UN Guiding principles on Internal Displacement. In order to determine how the national response works for plight of IDPs, questionnaires were distributed to the concerned government authorities, and the joint reports of government and international organizations was reviewed from online data sources. Results showed that there was no comprehensive legal and institutional framework and coordination system to address the protection and assistance needs of inter-communal conflict induced IDPs in Ethiopia in the year 2017-2018. These results suggest that the needs of IDPs could be addressed more effectively, with a national action plan or policy framework, and institutional scheme for IDPs.
The Synergies and Tension between International Trade Law and Environmental Law in Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Tesfaye Abate
Published: October 2022

The relationship between international trade law and environmental law is susceptible to divergent views. Trade liberalization and global competition among producers may result in efficient use of natural resources, or it may on the contrary impede regulatory interventions by the government to protect the environment that may lead to wider circulation of polluting substances. This article examines the linkages (synergies) and tension between international trade law and environmental law in Ethiopia. Relevant international, regional as well as domestic legal instruments have been investigated. Relevant literature has also been analysed. The research identifies that both the linkages (synergies) and contradictions have been incorporated in the international and domestic laws of Ethiopia. Thus, Ethiopia needs to work more on the balance between the promotion of trade and environmental protection in the context of sustainable development.
Phycocyanin relieves myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress
Authors: Xu Hai , Zhang Xiwen , Shi Yafei , Yu Kun , Jiang Yicheng
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of phycocyanin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the possible mechanisms involved.

Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Sham group (only threading without ligation), IRI group (myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury group) and phycocyanin group (phycocyanin pretreatment + myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury group). The heart was harvested and cardiomyocytes were isolated. Colorimetry was used to determine the contents of cardiomyocyte serum creatine phospho-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other related oxidative stress indicators. Furthermore, apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL staining. Protein levels of cardiac factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), human NADPH dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

Results: Compared with the myocardial IRI group, the contents of CK-MB, LDH, MAD and ROS in the treated group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), but the activities of SOD, GSH, SOD, CAT, and T-AOC in the myocardial tissues were significantly enhanced (p < 0.05). Moreover, the pathological changes in myocardial tissue were significantly reduced. In addition, the expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO-1 were significantly up-regulated after phycocyanin pretreatment, while expression of NF-κB was significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Phycocyanin improves myocardial anti-oxidative stress via activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, and also protects rats from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing inflammatory response via inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.
Neuromodulatory effects of hydro-ethanol extract of Parinari curatellifolia leaf in mice
Authors: Okereke Nnamdi Henry , Udegbunam Rita Ijeoma , Okoroafor Nkiruka Obianuju , Okoro Kelechi , Onuba Augustine C , Udegbunam Sunday Ositadinma
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the neuromodulatory activities of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Parinari curatellifolia (HEPC) leaves of the family Chrysobalanaceae in mice.

Method: The open field, hole cross, hole board, climbing, elevated plus-maze, tail suspension and ketamine-induced sleeping time tests were conducted on mice groups (n = 3) to which HEPC 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg (per os) or standard central nervous system drugs (20 mg/kg imipramine and 20 mg/kg fluoxetine) intramuscularly were administered 30 min earlier.

Results: Imipramine, HEPC, and fluoxetine significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the frequency of hole crossing, head dipping and locomotory activities in the animals. The immobility period during tail suspension was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the group treated with 400 and 800 mg/kg HEPC but was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the imipramine group. The duration of chain climbing significantly increased (p < 0.05) after treatment with 400 and 800 mg/kg HEPC in comparison to the climbing time observed in the imipramine group. The frequency of open arm entry was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the imipramine group compared to open arm entries in the 400 and 800 mg/kg HEPC-treated groups. Ketamine-induced sleep time was not prolonged with 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg HEPC, when compared with the standard drugs used.

Conclusion: P. curatellifolia extract causes sedation and muscle relaxation but does not abolish anxiety behaviour in mice. The findings, therefore, provide some scientific evidence validating the use of Parinari curatellifolia extract in the folkloric management of insomnia.
Concomitant administration of lenvatinib and camrelizumab for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, and its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma control
Authors: Liu Ruibao , Zhang Xiaolei , Wang Xing
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To study the efficacy of combined use of lenvatinib and camrelizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy, and its impact on disease control rate (DCR).

Methods: The medical records of 92 HCC patients treated at the Oncology Department of The People’s Hospital of Dongying, Dongying, China (April 2019-April 2020), were chosen for analysis, and assigned into study group (SG, n = 46) and reference group (RG, n = 46) based on odd and even hospital admission no. All patients received specific routine treatments. In addition, SG was treated with lenvatinib in combination with camrelizumab. After treatment, liver function and levels of serum tumor markers were determined.

Results: Compared with RG, SG had significantly lower levels of liver function indices {alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBiL), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)} and lower levels of serum tumor markers {alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-L3) and Golgi protein 73 (GP73)} (p < 0.001); higher DCR (p < 0.05), lower score in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), and higher Karnofsky (KPS) score (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The combined use of lenvatinib and camrelizumab may be a reliable strategy for reducing serum tumor marker levels in HCC patients, improving liver function and patients’ performance status, and enhancing DCR.
Isoginkgetin inhibits lung cancer cell progression through miR-27a-5p/APEX1 axis
Authors: Wu Langjie , Xu Li
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To determine the influence of isoginkgetin on the progression of pulmonary carcinogenesis.

Methods: A549 cells exposed to isoginkgetin were transfected with miR-27a-5p mimetic and suppressor, as well as short hairpin RNA against apurinic/apyrimidinic endo-deoxyribonuclease 1 (sh-APEX1) for 24 h. Then, the proliferative, migration and invasive potential of A549 cells were determined using CCK-8, wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The association between miR-27a-5p and APEX1 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results: Isoginkgetin significantly suppressed A549 cell proliferative, migration and invasive activities (p < 0.05). Moreover, isoginkgetin significantly increased miR-27a-5p expression. Furthermore, miR-27a-5p suppressor annulled the influence of isoginkgetin on lung cancer progression. More importantly, the inhibitor directly targeted APEX1, and negatively modulated APEX1 expression (p < 0.05). However, APEX1 knockdown annulled the enhancing effect of miR-27a-5p inhibitor on A549 cell viability, migration and invasion (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Isoginkgetin exerts an anti-lung cancer effect via miR-27a-5p/APEX1 axis. Thus, it is a potential therapy for the management of lung cancer; however, clinical studies are required to validate these findings of this study.
Effects of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) on the development of colon cancer via regulation of HIF-1α
Authors: Chen Fang , Long Yifan , Guo Cuiyun , Zou Hui , Wang Yingying , Dong Kunbo
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the influence of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) on rats with colon cancer (CC).

Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into CC group and control group. CC models were constructed. The expression of SOCS3 in CC tissues was determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) was used to examine colon tissue morphology, while immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining assay was performed to determine the expression of SOCS3 protein in colon tissues. The content of HIF-1α, phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (p-PI3K), and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) proteins was determined by Western blotting (WB).

Results: Compared with that in the control group, the number of tumors in the CC group was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Protein and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of SOCS3 were down-regulated in CC group (p < 0.05), while protein expressions of p-PI3K, p-AKT and HIF-1α were significantly elevated in CC group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: SOCS3 is poorly expressed in CC rats, and promotes the expression of HIF-1α by activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The findings, thus, provide a probable strategy for management of colon cancer.
Bed II Phytolith Palaeolandscapes (1.5-1.1 Ma) at Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania
Authors: Itambu Makarius P.
Published: October 2022

The primary approach for reconstructing ancient plant landscapes is normally through the analysis of environmental proxy data and ultimately the application of the data from plant micro-remains to infer the vegetation patterns, distribution, and nature of past environments. Phytolith analyses serve as an important tool for identifying different micro-ecological niches in which human activities occurred. They are indicative of certain plant types and vegetation patterns, and the way in which plant landscapes respond to regional climate changes. Hence, in order to understand the ancient plant landscape of the Pleistocene Bed II sites of Oldupai Gorge 1.5 to 1.1 million years ago (Ma), a location inhabited by our early ancestors, the phytoliths research was conducted in order to reconstruct the ancient plant environments of Oldupai’s Bed II sites, namely Sam Howard Korongo (SHK), Thiongo Korongo (TK), and Bell’s Korongo (BK) because there is no enough phytolith data from these upper sections of Bed II. The preliminary results from this study indicate that TK and BK sites’ plant landscape was dominated by arboreal plants.

Keywords:   Phytolith, hominin, palaeoecology, palaeoenvironments, palaeolandscape
Effects of Multilayer Structure on the Microstructure and Optical Properties of the DC Sputtered Chromium Thin Films for Selective Solar Absorber Applications
Authors: Tibaijuka Justine J. , Samiji Margaret E. , Diale Mmantsae , Mlyuka Nuru R.
Published: October 2022

Chromium thin films exhibit several properties that make them potential for solar thermal applications. In this work the effect of film thickness and sputtering power based multilayer structure on the optical properties of DC sputtered chromium thin films is reported. The structural, topological, and optical properties of these films were determined by X-ray diffractometer, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared spectrophotometer, respectively. XRD spectra revealed a single peak with preferential orientation of (200) and (210) for single layer and multilayer chromium films, respectively. The grain size and roughness were relatively higher for the multilayer compared to single layer Chromium films. Spectral transmittance showed very high sensitivity to film thickness with average peak of 69% and 5% at a wavelength range of 250-2500 nm for the film thickness of 12 nm and 94 nm, respectively. Spectral transmittance was also found to be higher in single layered films than multi-layered films. Findings from this study suggest that multilayer structure have the potential of tuning the microstructure and optical properties of low thickness Cr films, hence, extending its potential applications in selective solar absorber applications.

Keywords: Multilayer, Chromium, Sputtering, Optical constants
Dynamical Analysis and Control Strategies for Capturing the Spread of COVID-19
Authors: Kolawole Mutairu K. , Odeyemi Kazeem A. , Alaje Adedapo I. , Oladapo Asimuyu O. , Bashiru Kehinde A.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a study of preventive measures capable of curbing the spread of COVID 19pandemic to avoid its second wave was carried out. The existence and uniqueness of theproposed mathematical model is assured, the basic reproduction number is established, thelocal and global stability of the disease free equilibrium are well obtained and the variationaliteration method is applied to solve the mathematical model. Numerical simulation of theincluded control parameters are carried out. The obtained results and outcomes are presentedgraphically. It was revealed that enlightenment to vaccination awareness should be encouragedas vaccination is a good strategy of capturing the spread of the disease.

Keywords: Covid-19, Basic Reproduction Number, Local stability, Global Stability,variational Iteration Method
Ochrona praw wyborczych osób z niepełnosprawnościami w świetle przepisów Konstytucji RP – mit czy rzeczywistość?
Authors: Wojnowska-Radzińska Julia
Published: October 2022

Protection of the Voting Rights of Persons with Disabilities in the Light of the Polish Constitution – Myth or Reality

This article addresses the issue of legal barriers that prevent people with intellectual or mental disabilities from exercising their electoral rights, in particular their right to vote. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 in Art. 62(2) specifies that persons who, by a final judgment of a court, have been subjected to legal incapacitation shall have no right to participate in a referendum nor a right to vote. However, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, ratified by Poland, guarantees that people with disabilities should be able to participate actively in decision-making processes concerning policies and programmes, including those that directly affect them. In particular, the Convention provides them with the right to vote and be elected, regardless of their disability.
OCCURRENCE OF A COCCIDIAN PARASITE EIMERIA ARLOINGI (APICOMPLEXA: EUCOCCIDIORIDA) IN FAECES OF DOMESTIC GOATS IN NASHIK, MAHARASHTRA
Authors: Deshmukh Nazneen Zaher
Published: October 2022

Eimeria arloingi was identified in the faecal pellets of goats collected from different domestic goats of Nashik, Maharashtra, India for the period of one year from June 2013 to May 2014. The oocysts of E. arloingi were re-described by measuring shape and size of the oocyst, sporocyst, sporozoites, sporoblast, micropyle and micropyle cap, colour of the oocyst and thickness of oocyst wall. More than half (53.6%) of the samples were found positive having oocysts of the parasite. The maximum percentage (80%) was recorded in the month of July and gradually decreases to May (20%) and rises again in the month of June (58.3%).
The role of the cerebral and cervical arteries ultrasound examination in migraine diagnosis
Authors: Tardov Mikhail V. , Boldin Alexei V. , Razumov Aleksandr N.
Published: October 2022

Migraine as a primary disease is a very common problem. However, headache attacks that mimic migraine attacks can often be secondary, due to various type of pathology of cervical and cerebral vessels. The common or internal carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, and the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries, the anterior and posterior communicating arteries, or the basilar artery may be affected. Identification of such diseases is the primary task of differential diagnosis in migraine, especially migraine with aura, and secondary cephalgic syndromes, since in some cases we are talking about life-threatening conditions that require immediate intervention: rupture of brain artery aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation, dissection of one or more cervical arteries. Various types of ultrasound are successfully used to diagnose vascular diseases, ranging from “blind” dopplerography to three-dimensional reconstruction of blood vessels and contrast ultrasound. The defect of the oval window can be complicated by paradoxical microembolism, that can lead to impaired cerebral circulation. This anatomical feature is also available for diagnosis using ultrasound; and once the diagnosis is established, surgical closure of the foramen ovale defect reduces not only the prevalence of migraine with aura attacks, but also the risk of the stroke. This review article discusses the clinical and diagnostic aspects of cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations, dissection of brachiocephalic arteries’ wall. It also discusses the diagnosis of cerebral arteries’ microembolism, caused by the paradoxical movement of material emboli through non-closure of the foramen ovale, as the cause of one of the most formidable complications of migraine - stroke.
Intraneural synovial cyst of the peroneal nerve: literature review and description of a clinical case
Authors: Kenis Vladimir M. , Parshin Dmitriy V. , Sapogovskiy Andrey V.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Intraneural synovial cyst is a rare pathological condition, which can be symptomatic due to the compression of the neighboring structures, including the peroneal nerve. The purpose of this publication is to present a clinical case of intraneural ganglion of the peroneal nerve with a critical analysis of diagnostic and tactical errors in diagnosis and treatment tactics, and literature review. We present a clinical case of a patient with an intraneural cyst of the peroneal nerve, who had 3 surgical interventions over a period of 1.5 years from the age of 13 years, followed by recurrences without restoration of muscle function. The case demonstrates underestimation of the pathogenesis of the described condition - the presence of a communicant nerve between the proximal tibiofibular joint and the peroneal nerve and proximal tibiofemoral joint as the source of synovial effusion. Awareness in relation to this pathology will improve the efficiency of diagnosis. Interdisciplinary approach of pediatric neurologists, orthopedists, neurophysiologists and radiologists can shorten the diagnostic stage and enable the earliest and most effective surgical treatment to avoid irreversible consequences due to prolonged muscle denervation.
Увод у методику наставе српског као страног језика
Authors: Новаковић Александар
Published: October 2022

Питања организације и реализације наставе српског као страног језика заокупљају пажњу србиста безмало седам деценија. Било је периода када je то чињено са мање интересовања и пажње, али и оних у којима су истраживачи били апсолутно посвећени. Управо у тим тренуцима су долазили до веома важних запажања и открића, која су преточена у посебну дисциплину примењене лингвистике – методику наставе српског као страног језика. Њен историјски развитак, почев од шездесетих година XX века, сведочи о тихом, али узлазном путу којим су се научници, истраживачи и наставници практичари кретали. На том путу су се сусретали са бројним друштвено-политичким питањима (и недаћама), због ко- јих нису били увек у прилици да адекватно одговоре на све изазове наставе српског као страног језика, што се врло лако може ишчита- ти из (тада) коришћених приступа и погледа на ову дисциплину од изузетног друштвеног значаја.
Public Service Motivation?
Authors: O'Leary Chris
Published: October 2022

Christopher O’Leary provides a fresh perspective on prosocial working choices in this first substantive critique of Public Service Motivation (PSM). The book reviews concepts of PSM and research to date and explores the rationales and aims of public and third sector workers before proposing alternative theories for people’s motivations to serve.
Entre “clips e negócios”
Authors: Lima Araujo Romero Felipe
Published: October 2022

A análise de impacto regulatório (AIR) tornou-se, a partir de 2019, requisito obrigatório para a edição de normas por agências reguladoras ou qualquer outro órgão da Administração Pública federal. Essas inovações legislativas, que também reacenderam o debate sobre AIR no campo jurídico, tornam relevante a análise de como essa metodologia vem sendo aplicada nos órgãos em que a prática está mais amadurecida. O objetivo deste artigo, portanto, é analisar a política de AIR da Aneel para responder à pergunta sobre se a AIR reflete em benefícios qualitativos à atuação da agência ou representa apenas uma etapa formal e burocrática do seu processo decisório. Para isso, conduziu-se uma pesquisa empírica nos documentos relativos ao processo de elaboração e implementação da política de AIR na Aneel, bem como nos relatórios de AIR produzidos pela agência desde a entrada em vigor da política até o ano de 2020, com objetivo de analisar sua qualidade a partir de dois critérios: o emprego de evidências empíricas para a descrição do problema objeto do relatório e a consideração das alternativas regulatórias. A partir dessa análise, discute-se de modo amplo quais os resultados da política de AIR da Aneel até o momento e quais os desafios para o seu aprimoramento.
Role of Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) System Protocols in Infertility Treatment: A Case Study of A 29-Year-Old House Wife with History of Recurrent Spontaneous Miscarriages and Ovarian Cysts
Authors:   Senior Arhat Yogi & YPV Trainer, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Bindal Sonam
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION: Recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM) affects 1 to 2 % of women causing anxiety and worry for self and family. Ovarian cysts are perhaps the most common issue among women trying to conceive. This paper presents a case of a 29-year-old married woman having ovarian cyst and suffered two miscarriages, was treated successfully using YPV healing protocols. METHOD: This paper used case study method going through patient medical records, healer’s records and patient feedback. RESULTS: The patient experienced successful pregnancy and delivered a healthy baby boy after a C-section procedure. There were no health issues of baby and the mother post-delivery. A follow up after 9 months confirmed that the mother and her baby both were in good health. CONCLUSIONS: YPV system protocols have been established as complementary as well as alternative medicine to treat and cure a variety of health conditions. Further research is recommended. It will be worthwhile to consider imparting a working knowledge of YPV system protocols to frontline healthcare workers including doctors and nurses to enable them to render holistic treatment in a safe process at low cost CONCLUSIONS: YPV system protocols have been established as complementary as well as alternative medicine to treat and cure a variety of health conditions. Further research is recommended. It will be worthwhile to consider imparting a working knowledge of YPV system protocols to frontline healthcare workers including doctors and nurses to enable them to render holistic treatment in a safe process at low cost
Propuesta curricular bidireccional entre la Formación Inicial Docente de Pedagogía en Educación Física, una implementación hacia la Educación Física y Salud en contexto escolar (Bidirectional curricular proposal between the Teacher Training of Pedagogy in Physical Education, an implementation towards Physical Education and Health in the school context)
Authors: Fuentes-Rubio Mario , Castillo-Paredes Antonio , Aviles Maickel , Pizarro Evelyn , Vera Marjorie
Published: October 2022

El presente trabajo se enmarca bajo una propuesta para la formación del profesorado desde la educación inicial docente, la cual está plasmada en sus mallas curriculares que requiere la involucración y colaboración en el sistema escolar. La base del planteamiento es el desarrollo curricular universitario de la carrera de Pedagogía en Educación Física con la asignatura de Educación Física y Salud en contextos escolares, la cual posee como marco general la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, en la que los estudiantes deberán tratar de ser educados con un sentido de compromiso para atender las necesidades del sistema escolar. La construcción curricular fue diseñada a partir de las Bases Curriculares vigentes del sistema escolar chileno en la que se consideró desde primero básico hasta segundo medio. Para brindar cobertura a los tres ejes se consideró tres asignaturas de la Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física de la Universidad de Las Américas en Chile. Además, para garantizar el cumplimiento de los principios formativos, se centró en aquellas habilidades necesarias para fomentar la autonomía de la práctica regular de actividad física de forma responsable.
Palabras claves: Pedagogía, Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, Universidad, Estudiantes
Abstract: The present work is framed under a proposal for teacher training from initial teacher education, which is embodied in its curricula that requires involvement and collaboration in the school system. The basis of the approach is the university curricular development of the Physical Education Pedagogy career with the subject of Physical Education and Health in school contexts, which has University Social Responsibility as a general framework, in which students should try to be educated with a sense of commitment to serve the needs of the school system. The curricular construction was designed from the current Curriculum Bases of the Chilean school system in which it was considered from first grade to second grade. To provide coverage to the three axes, three subjects from the School of Pedagogy in Physical Education of the University of the Americas in Chile were considered. In addition, to guarantee compliance with the training principles, it focused on those skills necessary to promote autonomy in the regular practice of physical activity in a responsible manner.
Key words: Pedagogy, University Social Responsibility, University, Students.
Enseñar y aprender el deporte a través del aprendizaje cooperativo en Educación Física (Learning and teaching sports through cooperative learning in Physical Education)
Authors: Carbonero Sánchez Laura , Prat Grau Maria , Ventura Vall-Llovera Carles
Published: October 2022

Este estudio describe un proceso completo de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los contenidos de iniciación deportiva en Educación Física mediante el uso del aprendizaje cooperativo. El método de investigación escogido es el estudio de caso único y las técnicas de obtención de la información utilizadas son la observación, la entrevista y el análisis documental. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la eficacia del aprendizaje cooperativo en la adquisición de los conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes correspondientes a los contenidos estudiados. También se muestra como una metodología adecuada en el desarrollo de las competencias básicas recogidas en el currículum escolar. Otras ventajas identificadas son la mejora del clima de aula y la promoción de la participación de todo el alumnado. Finalmente, las principales limitaciones detectadas son la necesidad de adaptación previa a la metodología y el volumen de trabajo docente que esta supone antes de llevar a cabo la intervención directa en el aula.
Palabras clave: Educación Física. Deporte. Aprendizaje cooperativo. Metodología.
Abstract: This study describes a complete teaching and learning process of sports initiation contents in Physical Education through the use of cooperative learning. The research method chosen is the single case study and the techniques used to obtain information are observation, interview and documentary analysis. The results obtained show the effectiveness of cooperative learning in the acquisition of knowledge, skills and attitudes corresponding to the contents studied. It is also shown to be an appropriate methodology in the development of the basic competences included in the school curriculum. Other advantages identified are the improvement of the classroom climate and the promotion of the participation of all students. Finally, the main limitations detected are the need for prior adaptation to the methodology and the volume of teaching work involved before carrying out a direct intervention in the classroom.
Keywords: Physical Education. Sport. Cooperative learning. Methodology.