bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Artificial Intelligence-Driven Responses to Acute Liver Failure Queries: A Comparative Analysis Across Accuracy, Clarity, and Relevance
Authors: Malik Sheza , Frey Lewis J. , Gutman Jason , Mushtaq Asim , Warraich Fatima , Qureshi Kamran
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through the deployment of large language models (LLMs), have profoundly impacted healthcare. This study assesses 5 LLMs—ChatGPT 3.5, ChatGPT 4, BARD, CLAUDE, and COPILOT—on their response accuracy, clarity, and relevance to queries concerning acute liver failure (ALF). We subsequently compare these results with ChatGPT4 enhanced with retrieval augmented generation (RAG) technology.

METHODS:

Based on real-world clinical use and the American College of Gastroenterology guidelines, we formulated 16 ALF questions or clinical scenarios to explore LLMs' ability to handle different clinical questions. Using the “New Chat” functionality, each query was processed individually across the models to reduce any bias. Additionally, we employed the RAG functionality of GPT-4, which integrates external sources as references to ground the results. All responses were evaluated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5 for accuracy, clarity, and relevance by 4 independent investigators to ensure impartiality.

RESULTS:

ChatGPT 4, augmented with RAG, demonstrated superior performance compared with others, consistently scoring the highest (4.70, 4.89, 4.78) across all 3 domains. ChatGPT 4 exhibited notable proficiency, with scores of 3.67 in accuracy, 4.04 in clarity, and 4.01 in relevance. In contrast, CLAUDE achieved 3.04 in clarity, 3.6 in relevance, and 3.65 in accuracy. Meanwhile, BARD and COPILOT exhibited lower performance levels; BARD recorded scores of 2.01 in accuracy and 3.03 in relevance, while COPILOT obtained 2.26 in accuracy and 3.12 in relevance.

DISCUSSION:

The study highlights Chat GPT 4 +RAG's superior performance compared with other LLMs. By integrating RAG with LLMs, the system combines generative language skills with accurate, up-to-date information. This improves response clarity, relevance, and accuracy, making them more effective in healthcare. However, AI models must continually evolve and align with medical practices for successful healthcare integration.
Symptom Burden After Acute Pancreatitis and Its Correlation With Exocrine Pancreatic Function: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Bejjani Joseph , Culp Stacey , Nikahd Melica , Phillips Anna Evans , Singh Vikesh , Roberts Kristen M. , Abu-El-Haija Maisam , Krishna Somashekar G. , Ramsey Mitchell L. , Lahooti Ali , Lee Peter J. , Hart Phil A. , Papachristou Georgios I.
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and weight loss develop during and after acute pancreatitis (AP), but remain understudied. In this prospective, multicenter study, we aim to assess GI symptom burden and weight loss and their correlation with exocrine function up to 12 months post-AP.

METHODS:

GI symptom burden, anthropometrics, and exocrine pancreatic function were systematically measured in adults (≥18 years) with AP at predefined intervals: hospitalization (enrollment), 3 months, and 12 months post-AP. Symptoms were evaluated using a 15-item tracker, including abdominal symptoms, stool characteristics, and activities of daily living, higher scores indicating greater symptom burden (range 0–45). Exocrine function was assessed with fecal elastase-1 (FE-1) levels.

RESULTS:

GI symptoms were collected in 97 participants with 12-month follow-up. The median (interquartile range) GI-symptom score was 7 (3–12) with 55 participants (57%) experiencing at least one symptom frequently (often or almost always). In multivariable linear regression, younger age, lower Charlson Comorbidity Index, smoking, recurrent AP, and alcoholic or idiopathic etiologies were associated with significantly higher GI-symptom burden at 12 months. A significant negative correlation was found between GI symptoms and FE-1 levels during hospitalization (ρ = −0.288; P = 0.015) and at 12 months (ρ = −0.219; P = 0.046). Eighteen participants (18.6%) lost ≥10% body weight between hospitalization and 12 months, and had significantly lower median FE-1 levels at 12 months compared with the group without weight loss (166 vs 332 µg/g, P = 0.016).

DISCUSSION:

This is the first study to prospectively assess GI-symptom burden and exocrine function post-AP. Lower exocrine pancreatic function at 12 months was associated with increased symptom burden and weight loss. These findings support further investigations to define and improve patient-reported outcomes post-AP. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03063398.
Infancia y crianzas transnacionales: el caso de la migración senegalesa a España
Authors: Gómez Garrido María , Thomàs-Vanrell Caterina
Published: December 2024

La distribución de los cuidados a la infancia procurados por personas que trascienden la familia nuclear es una práctica habitual entre las familias senegalesas y de otros países de África occidental. Estas formas de cuidado tienen un papel central en los procesos migratorios circulares de las familias de origen senegalés, cuyas biografías están condicionadas por largos periodos de separación, marcados por las idas y venidas entre territorios. En este trabajo, realizado a partir de 35 entrevistas biográficas realizadas en dos fases, una primera entre 2019 y 2021, y una segunda entre 2021 y 2023, detectamos cómo los efectos de las ausencias de los progenitores, en términos de recursos materiales y relacionales, son atenuados por una red comunitaria transnacional. A partir de estos resultados planteamos la necesidad de considerar e incluir la diversidad de configuraciones familiares en las políticas públicas de los territorios del Norte Global.
La construcción de “vulnerabilidad” y “agencia” en niñas y adolescentes no acompañadas: percepción de las y los actores intervinientes en Chile
Authors: Ortiz-López Juan Eduardo , Poblete-Godoy Daniela , Acuña Ramirez Valeria , Dufraix Tapia Iciar , Salinas Pérez Sius-Geng , Pavez-Soto Iskra , Alfaro Contreras Carmen
Published: December 2024

El artículo examina las percepciones de autoridades, profesionales y activistas sobre las experiencias de niñas y adolescentes no acompañadas en Chile, enfocándose en cómo adultos intervinientes construyen los conceptos de vulnerabilidad y agencia. A través de una metodología cualitativa que utiliza las entrevistas semiestructuradas, el estudio evidencia que las niñas y adolescentes enfrentan una extrema vulnerabilidad en situaciones como la gestación, la explotación sexual y otras formas de agresión. A pesar de estas dificultades, también se identifican estrategias de agencia durante su trayecto, donde a menudo viajan acompañadas por adultos en relaciones de poder desiguales. Las entrevistas subrayan la urgencia de priorizar la atención a adolescentes gestantes en las fronteras, mejorar la coordinación intersectorial para ofrecer un apoyo integral y replantear las políticas públicas y programas desde una perspectiva de género.
Infancia en movimiento: redefiniendo la agencia infantil entre resiliencia y vulnerabilidad
Authors: Estrada Villaseñor Cecilia , Hosnedlová Renáta , Stanek Mikolaj
Published: December 2024

Este artículo introductorio invita a reflexionar sobre la infancia migrante como un espacio de tensión entre fragilidad y resiliencia, explorando la agencia como eje central de la sección monográfica Infancia en movimiento: redefiniendo la agencia infantil entre resiliencia y vulnerabilidad. Se argumenta que los niños migrantes no son solo receptores pasivos de los procesos migratorios, sino agentes activos que intervienen en las dinámicas familiares, sociales y culturales que atraviesan fronteras. Se concluye que, para crear políticas públicas más inclusivas y adaptadas a las realidades de la infancia migrante, es fundamental reconocer su complejidad y multidimensionalidad.
Demosthenes, not Callimachus! P.Oxy. 2258, Unidentified Fragment 11
Authors: Meliadò Claudio
Published: December 2024

P.Oxy. XX 2258 is one of the most renowned papyri of Callimachus. This article demonstrates that one of the scraps published among the Unidentified Fragments, which contains marginal annotations, actually originates from a Demosthenes codex.
A Study on the Current Bonus–Malus System in the Moroccan Automobile Insurance Market
Authors: BOUNNITE Mohamed Yasser
Published: December 2024

This study employs a Poisson model with Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to identify the key factors in the Moroccan auto insurance rating system. Crucial factors identified include gender, tariff-determining usage codes, vehicle usage, and driver experience. A comparison of this study model with Morocco’s current rating system reveals the presence of pricing suboptimality, which can be improved by enhancing the incorporation of driving history and adjusting the Bonus–Malus system to better reflect actual claim patterns and risk profiles.
Prediction of syngas production in the gasification process of biomass employing adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system along with meta-heuristic algorithms
Authors: Wang Heng , Cao Shuming , Liu Xi
Published: December 2024

Compared to fossil fuels, biomass fuels have minimal sulfur content, lower ash production, and significantly reduced emissions. The global need to reduce dependence on imported energy sources and preserve dwindling fossil fuel reserves underscores the importance of utilizing alternative energy resources. Biomass, with its abundant availability, presents a promising source for syngas production, even though the gasification procedure requires substantial energy due to its endothermic nature. Challenges related to the efficiency of biomass gasification and compliance with environmental standards have hindered economic viability. Much attention has been focused on predictive modeling of biomass gasification procedures to address these issues, necessitating robust frameworks capable of predicting parameters under varying operating conditions. This article introduces two hybrid frameworks, which are combined versions of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with Artificial Rabbits Optimization (ARO) and Crystal Structure Algorithm (CSA), based on proximate biomass values to predict elemental compositions (N2 and H2). These intelligent hybrid frameworks, trained with 70 % of biomass data, were further validated and tested with the remaining 15 % portions of the database. The frameworks were assessed based on some known performance metrics, namely, root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of determination (R
2), RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR), and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). Developed single and two hybrid frameworks compared and obtained outcomes revealed that both introduced optimizers efficiently promoted N2 and H2 estimation by ANFIS, especially CSA. R
2 values for ANCS were a maximum of 0.993 in both targets’ predictions. Also, minimum RMSE values of 1.007 and 1.470 related to N2 and H2 prediction emphasized the accuracy of ANCS, which is capable of being used in real-world applications.
Optimizing tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring in Tunisian kidney transplant recipients: exploring the variability in bioavailability and the correlation between pharmacokinetic parameters
Authors: Aloui Ghaith , Charfi Rym , Daldoul Mouna , Ben Hammamia Syrine , Ben Sassi Mouna , Zouari Mohamed , Eljeberi Hanene , Daghfous Riadh , Gaies Emna , Trabesli Sameh
Published: December 2024

Objectives

While the existing literature extensively covers the topic of tacrolimus variability, it remains crucial to gather data that are tailored to the Tunisian population. Our primary goal was to assess the variability in tacrolimus bioavailability using the Cp(0)/weight dosage ratio in Tunisian kidney transplant patients. We also aimed to determine the correlations between blood trough level (Cp(0)) and the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0–12 h) in this cohort.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients treated with oral tacrolimus for the prevention of organ rejection between 2009 and 2023. The correlation between parameters was analyzed through a Pearson coefficient and a regression model. We assessed the inter- and intraindividual variability by calculating the coefficient of variation for patients with at least three samples.

Results

Analysis of 2,124 samples revealed a weak correlation (R=0.121) between Cp(0) and weight dosage. We found that 79.3 % of patients exhibited high variability in the Cp(0)/weight dosage ratio. A strong correlation (R=0.797) was found between Cp(0) and the AUC0–12 h. We also found that 47.6 % of patients showed high variability in the AUC0–12 h/Cp(0) ratio.

Conclusions

This study underscores the necessity for individualized therapeutic drug monitoring in Tunisian kidney transplant recipients due to the high variability in the Cp(0)/weight dosage ratio. The AUC0–12 h/Cp(0) ratio is proposed as a more consistent parameter for therapeutic drug monitoring, offering potential improvements in tacrolimus therapy management.
Interrelation between mechanical and electromagnetic radiation emission parameters with variable notch-width ratios under tensile fracture in silicon steel
Authors: Anand Anu , Kumar Rajeev
Published: December 2024

The research investigates the effect of variable notch-width ratios on mechanical and electromagnetic radiation (EMR) parameters during the tensile fracture of silicon steel. The primary purpose is to comprehend the plastic deformation and crack propagation at an atomic level. The mechanical and EMR parameters chosen for analysis were correlated. The EMR energy release rate correlated well with the elastic strain energy release rate. The good fit between the EMR parameters and the plastic zone radius is a novel method to determine the crack growth behaviour of metals. A theoretical model of dislocation predicted the nature of EMR signals at fracture. A reasonable agreement between cross-slip energy with maximum stress at crack instability, the elastic strain energy release rate, and the EMR energy release rate will help assess the dislocation dynamics of metals. The EMR amplitude was sensitive to varying strain rates.
From raw materials to functional material: synthesis and piezoelectric characterization of PIN–PT binary relaxor material
Authors: Bhoi Bomkesh , Purohit Pranati
Published: December 2024

Lead indium niobate holds particular attention as a functional piezoelectric material as it can transit from a disordered phase to an organized one with exposure to heat for a long time. Obtaining pure-phase perovskite lead indium niobate ceramics without any pyrochlore phase using the conventional mixed oxide method poses significant challenges. This difficulty arises from the low tolerance and electronegativity difference of lead indium niobate in comparison to other perovskite compounds. The dielectric properties of lead indium niobate can be enhanced by adding lead titanate to its composition. In this study, a binary system of lead indium niobate with lead titanate is synthesised close to the morphotropic phase boundary composition by taking 35, 40 and 45 mol.% of lead titanate by using two-step sintering method. Out of the different compositions, the lead indium niobate with 35 mol.% of lead titanate shows high piezoelectric properties and can be a suitable material for energy harvesting.
Multi-objective optimization of truss structures using the enhanced Lichtenberg algorithm
Authors: Panagant Natee , Mahajan Shubham , Sait Sadiq M. , Yıldız Betül Sultan , Yıldız Ali Rıza , Khodadadi Nima , Mehta Pranav
Published: December 2024

The primary objective of numerous optimization problems is to enhance a single metric whose lowest or highest value accurately reflects the response quality of a system. However, in some instances, relying solely on one metric is not practical, leading to the consideration of multi-objective (MO) optimization problems that aim to improve multiple performance indicators simultaneously. This approach requires the use of a multi-objective optimization method adept at handling the intricacies of scenarios with various indices. Consequently, researchers have not explored multi-objective truss optimization as extensively as single-objective (SO) scenarios. The novel multi-objective Lichtenberg algorithm with two archives (MOLA-2arc) has been developed to address this. The efficacy of MOLA-2arc is evaluated against eight other MO algorithms, including the multi-objective bat algorithm (MOBA), multi-objective crystal structure algorithm (MOCRY), multi-objective cuckoo search (MOCS), multi-objective firefly algorithm (MOFA), multi-objective flower pollination algorithm (MOFPA), multi-objective harmony search (MOHS), multi-objective jellyfish search (MOJS) algorithm, and the original multi-objective Lichtenberg algorithm (MOLA). The challenge is to minimize structural mass and compliance while adhering to stress limitations. The outcomes demonstrate that MOLA-2arc shows notable improvements over its predecessor, MOLA, and surpasses all other competing algorithms in this study.
Evaluation of the potential use of powdered activated carbon in the treatment of effluents from bleached kraft pulp mills
Authors: Del’Antonio Nelson Rubens Nascimento , Silva Cláudio Mudadu , de Oliveira Kátia Dionísio , Nascimento Bernardo Albuquerque , Fonseca do Amaral João Pedro
Published: December 2024

Pulp mill effluents contain organic compounds derived from wood processing that resist conventional biological treatment. Studies suggest that powdered activated carbon (PAC) can enhance the quality of these effluents. Two types of PAC, chemically activated (PAC1) and physically activated (PAC2), were characterized and applied in dosages of 1, 2, and 3 g/L to reduce chemical oxigen demand (COD) and color in kraft pulp mill effluent. In Phase 1, physicochemical tests identified the optimal PAC type, dosage, and maximum cycles for effective COD and color reduction. In Phase 2, biological aerobic sequencing batch reactors (SBR) were tested with the optimal PAC from Phase 1. Results indicated PAC1 could be reused for COD reduction for up to 8 cycles and PAC2 for up to 6 cycles. For color reduction, PAC1 was effective for up to 4 cycles, while PAC2 failed to reduce color. The type of activation used by PAC1 proved to be more effective in reducing both COD and color than PAC2. Adding PAC1 (3 g/L) to the SBR increased COD removal from 70.5 % to 75.5 % and color removal from 26.6 % to 43.8 %, also improving sludge settling.
The effect of nanocellulose to coated paper and recycled paper
Authors: Durmaz Ekrem , Ates Saim , Atik Celil
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the properties of paper coated with nanocelluloses and nanocellulose-enhanced recycled paper derived from diverse waste paper sources. The grammages and thicknesses of both coated and recycled paper increased proportionally with the number of coating layers and the concentration of added cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). While the tensile index and modulus of elasticity of coated paper decreased post-coating, these properties of recycled paper improved with higher CNF concentrations, with minimal changes observed with CNC. The burst strength of coated paper increased with additional coating layers, regardless of whether CNF or CNC was used. The tear index of coated paper surpassed that of the base paper, while the burst strength of recycled paper with CNF exceeded that of CNC. Recycled paper with added nanocellulose exhibited higher tear index values than control paper, with CNF addition notably enhancing tear index compared to CNC. The types of nanocellulose significantly influenced the optical and barrier properties of both coated and recycled paper. In conclusion, this study suggests that leveraging CNF and CNC can enhance the quality of low-grade and recycled paper, potentially opening new avenues for their applications.
Venezuela y Bolivia en la Construcción de una Nueva Educación Pública Desafíos pedagógicos para el Socialismo del Siglo XXI
Authors: Imen Pablo
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo se propone recorrer, en el marco de América Latina y asumiendo la existencia de un nuevo mapa regional, aspectos político-educativos y pedagógicos de dos de los países que se han propuesto recrear el proyecto del Socialismo del Siglo XXI. Se hace foco en la orientación de las políticas públicas, algunos dispositivos y proposiciones desplegadas en Venezuela y Bolivia, haciendo particular énfasis en las definiciones discursivas emanadas de las nuevas Cartas Constitucionales, y de las políticas educativas implementadas por los gobiernos. La exploración de estos procesos complejos habilita nuevas preguntas sobre la continuidad de dichos procesos y de confrontar con cierta eficacia frente a las pervivencias — especialmente en educación — de las posiciones tecnocráticas sostenidas por los proyectos neoliberal-conservadores que encuentran aún fuerzas de soporte en ámbitos de la sociedad civil y en espacios estatales aún colonizados por la perspectiva de la derecha política y pedagógica.   ABSTRACT   This article proposes to discuss, in the context of Latin America and assuming the existence of a new regional map, political-educational and pedagogical aspects of two countries that have been proposing themselves to recreate the project of the socialism in the XXI Century. It focus the orientation of public policies, some devices and propositions deployed in Venezuela and Bolivia, with particular emphasis on discursive definitions originated from the new Charters, and from educational policies implemented by the governments. The exploration of these complex processes enables new questions about the continuity of these processes and to confront with some efficiency the survivals — especially in education — of the technocratic positions held by neoliberal-conservative projects that are still supported by areas of civil society and in state spaces still colonized by the right political spectrum and pedagogical perspectives.
OS MAIS BELOS TRATADOS DE EDUCAÇÃO E A HERMENÊUTICA DAS SUAS POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Amaral Filho Fausto dos Santos
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem como principal intuito, ressaltando o gênero literário no qual Platão e Rousseau escreveram os seus mais conhecidos textos sobre educação, a República e o Emílio, indicar as possibilidades hermenêuticas decorrentes do fato das duas obras referidas terem sido escritas em linguagem poética; a primeira sendo um diálogo socrático e a segunda um romance de formação didático-pedagógico.Palavras-chave: República, Emílio, Hermenêutica.The most beautiful educational treatises and the hermeneutics of their possibilitiesAbstract:The paper highlights the literary genre under which Plato and Rousseau have written their most famous texts on education: The Republic and Émile. It aims mainly at indicating the hermeneutic possibilities that arise from the fact that both books have been written in a poetic language: the first one is a socratic dialogue and the second one is an educationalromance.Key-words: The Republic, Émile, Hermeneutic.
O planejamento participativo da escola como prática inovadora
Authors: SANTOS CLAUDINETE MARIA DOS , FERRI LÚCIA MARIA CORREA GOMES , MACEDO MARA ELISA CAPOVILLA MARTINS DE
Published: December 2024

Para que a escola possa se organizar de formaeficiente e eficaz e cumprir suas funções sociais, oplanejamento participativo evidencia-se como recursodialógico e instrumento de organização do trabalho escolarpara as inovações pretendidas, compreendida comoorganização autônoma de trabalho conjunto e instânciaexecutiva das políticas públicas. Dessa concepção deriva aelaboração do projeto pedagógico, alinhado aos pressupostosda gestão participativa como instrumento que contribui para amelhoria da qualidade do ensino e superação da centralizaçãodas decisões, improvisos e ações isoladas.Palavras-Chave: planejamento; participação; qualidade deensinoAbstract: For the school to be efficiently organized andeffectively in fulfilling their social tasks, the participatoryplanning becomes evident as dialogical resource andinstrument of anticipation and organization of school work forthe innovations intended, where the school turns to beunderstood as autonomous organization of joint work andexecutive body of public policy. This school concept leads tothe preparation of the pedagogical project, supported on thedemocratic principles, aligned with the assumptions of theparticipatory management as a toll that contributes for theimprovement of the quality of education and overcoming ofthe centralization of decision-making, improvisation andisolated actions.Keywords: planning; participation; quality of education
Educação em Atos de Pesquisa
Authors: Medeiros Cristina Carta Cardoso de
Published: December 2024

O presente texto objetiva apresentar alguns dos artigos do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu publicados na Revista Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, em que o autor aborda o tema Educação, a fim de identificar seu quadro teórico de análise. A partir da indicação de tal referencial, pretende-se contribuir para a divulgação dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos desenvolvidos nesses textos e para a discussão de suas possibilidades de apropriação e utilização na construção de conhecimento em Educação no campo educacional brasileiro.  Palavras-chave: Pierre Bourdieu, conceitos, Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales
Mais anos na escola, mais tempo diário na escola: qualidade no ensino fundamental?
Authors: Coelho Lígia Martha da Costa , Fernandes Claudia de Oliveira
Published: December 2024

No Brasil, o desempenho dos alunos do Ensino Fundamental tem levado a alternativas de reversão dos fracos índices apresentados e, neste início de século, duas possibilidades têm sido apontadas: o aumento dos anos de escolaridade e a ampliação da jornada escolar. O estudo analisa essas duas possibilidades, problematizando o significado da expressão qualidade escolar, quando a elas relacionada, pautando-se em reflexões acerca do tempo escolar e o ensino fundamental de nove anos, focalizados em uma perspectiva sociopolítica. Em relação ao tempo, chegamos a um referencial que discute o tempo na escola e a implantação de políticas públicas nesse sentido. Já qualidade é conceito aprofundado em suas múltiplas possibilidades, tomando-se como referência a qualidade social. O ensino fundamental de nove anos é abordado a partir de sua implementação pelo MEC. Nas considerações, relacionamos as diversas manifestações de ampliação do tempo de escola/de escolaridade e o que denominamos qualidade social do trabalho pedagógico exercido nas escolas públicas brasileiras.   Palavras-chave: Ensino fundamental de nove anos; jornada escolar ampliada; qualidade no ensino fundamental
Educação, meio ambiente e história: a formação de professores em tempos de crise
Authors: Barreto Marcos
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo procura fundamentar uma experiência pedagógica desenvolvida com estudantes de um curso de pedagogia (UFF), tendo em vista a gravidade da crise socioambiental contemporânea. Partindo do pressuposto de que tal crise expressa a insustentabilidade dos atuais padrões de produção e consumo de bens materiais e simbólicos, temos procurado identificar e trabalhar com as representações sociais dos estudantes sobre as relações entre as sociedades humanas e a natureza, sobre as noções de meio ambiente, de sustentabilidade, de impactos e riscos socioambientais. Para dialogar com os limites e as possibilidades críticas das representações elaboradas pela(o)s estudantes, temos recorrido aos estudos identificados com o campo da História Ambiental, explorando suas contribuições para entendermos as raízes históricas da presente crise, considerando os ambientes naturais do passado, os modos humanos de produção, assim como os modos de pensamento.   Palavras-chave: educação, meio ambiente, história.
Aprender Matemática jogando: contribuições do jogo para o aluno com défice cognitivo
Authors: Lucion Paula , Canabarro Renata Corcini Carvalho
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo é decorrente do trabalho de conclusão de curso, da graduação em Educação Especial (UFSM), o qual objetivou analisar as concepções dos professores com relação à utilização do jogo como ferramenta de aprendizagem da Matemática para alunos com deficit cognitivo incluídos em turmas dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A pesquisa se caracterizou como qualitativa, tendo o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados, que foi aplicado para professores dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental que já tiveram ou possuíam alunos com deficit cognitivo. Posteriormente, os dados foram examinados a partir da análise de conteúdo, sendo perceptível a influência significativa do jogo no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática,principalmente, pelo aluno com deficit cognitivo.
A Beginner’s Guide to Open and Reproducible Systematic Reviews in Psychology
Authors: Carlsson Rickard , Batinović Lucija , Hyltse Natalie , Kalmendal André , Nordström Thomas , Topor Marta
Published: December 2024

This paper provides guidance and tools for conducting open and reproducible systematic reviews in psychology. It emphasizes the importance of systematic reviews for evidence-based decision-making and the growing adoption of open science practices. Open science enhances transparency, reproducibility, and minimizes bias in systematic reviews by sharing data, materials, and code. It also fosters collaborations and enables involvement of non-academic stakeholders. The paper is designed for beginners, offering accessible guidance to navigate the many standards and resources that may not obviously align with specific areas of psychology. It covers systematic review conduct standards, pre-registration, registered reports, reporting standards, and open data, materials and code. The paper is concluded with a glimpse of recent innovations like Community Augmented Meta-Analysis and independent reproducibility checks.
Mechanisms of Secularization: Testing Between the Rationalization and Existential Insecurity Theories
Authors: Lang Martin , Chvaja Radim
Published: December 2024

The study tests two competing explanations of the secularization process related to rationalizing worldviews and decreasing existential insecurity. While the former explanation argues that people are unwilling to join religious groups because of increasing mechanistic understanding of the world that clashes with religious views (and is rather irreversible), the latter argues that it is the decreasing insecurity that causes secularization and that this trend can be reversed with increasing insecurity. In the present study, 811 secular participants from the USA and Poland played a modified version of the Nash demand game, which simulates dilemmas indexing cooperative insecurity. Participants were randomly assigned to either a secure or insecure environment, manipulated by the parameters of the Nash demand game, and we assessed whether they would be willing to join costly normative groups that regulate cooperation in the game. Crucially, participants were randomly assigned either to a secular condition (choosing between a secular normative group and a group with no norms)—our manipulation check—or a religious condition (choosing between a normative group with religious framing and a group without norms)—main test between the two theories. The results showed that participants in the secular condition were more likely to choose the normative group in the insecure compared to the secure environment, but this difference was inconclusive in the religious condition. However, when re-assigning participants from insecure to secure environments and vice versa, we found strong support for the existential insecurity theory. We discuss potential explanations for the discrepancy between stated and actual behavior as well as potential motivations for joining religious normative groups. This submission has been positively recommended by PCI RR (links to Stage 1 and Stage 2 recommendations).
Investigating factors influencing quality of life in thyroid eye disease: insight from machine learning approaches
Authors: Zhang Haiyang , Wu Shuo , Yang Lehan , Fan Chengjing , Chen Huifang , Wang Hui , Zhu Tianyi , Li Yinwei , Sun Jing , Song Xuefei , Zhou Huifang , Smith Terry J , Fan Xianqun
Published: December 2024

Aims

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune orbital disorder that diminishes the quality of life (QOL) in affected individuals. Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO)-QOL questionnaire effectively assesses TED’s effect on patients. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing visual functioning (QOL-VF) and physical appearance (QOL-AP) scores in Chinese TED patients using innovative data analysis methods.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 211 TED patients whose initial visit to our clinic was from July 2022 to March 2023. Patients with previous ophthalmic surgery or concurrent severe diseases were excluded. GO-QOL questionnaires, detailed medical histories and clinical examinations were collected. The distribution of GO-QOL scores was analyzed, and linear regression and machine learning algorithms were utilized.

Results

The median QOL-VF and QOL-AP scores were 64.29 and 62.5, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed age (P = 0.013), ocular motility pain (P = 0.012), vertical strabismus (P < 0.001) and diplopia scores as significant predictors for QOL-VF. For QOL-AP, gender (P = 0.013) and clinical activity (P = 0.086) were significant. The XGBoost model demonstrated superior performance, with an R2 of 0.872 and a root mean square error of 11.083. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analysis highlighted the importance of vertical strabismus, diplopia score and age in influencing QOL-VF and age, clinical activity and sex in QOL-AP.

Conclusion

TED significantly affects patient QOL. The study highlights the efficacy of XGBoost and SHAP analyses in identifying key factors influencing the QOL in TED patients. Identifying effective interventions and considering specific demographic characteristics are essential to improving the QOL of patients with TED.
MUJERES FRANCESAS Y MATRIMONIO EN LA CATALUÑA MODERNA (SIGLOS XVI-XVII)
Authors: Amengual-Bibiloni Miquel , Pujadas-Mora Joana Maria
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo persigue profundizar en el comportamiento matrimonial de las mujeres francesas que emigraron a Cataluña en los siglos XVI y XVII en el marco de la gran oleada migratoria que recibió la monarquía hispánica. Así, se han cruzado nominativamente, y por primera vez, los libros de esponsales de la catedral de Barcelona, recogidos en la Barcelona Historical Marriage Database; los expedientes matrimoniales de la diócesis de Barcelona y la Matrícula de franceses de 1637. Los resultados muestran un alto nivel de homogamia geográfica y social en sus matrimonios como consecuencia de un marcado desequilibrio del mercado matrimonial. En este sentido, por cada nueve franceses encontramos una sola francesa. Asimismo, estas migrantes estaban concentradas en las capas más bajas de la sociedad del momento, declarando ser hijas, básicamente, de campesinos y jornaleros.
LIBERALES ESPAÑOLES REFUGIADOS EN PORTUGAL DURANTE LA REGENCIA DE Dª ISABEL MARIA (1826-1828)
Authors: Fernández Cortizo Camilo
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo reconstruye, mediante el entrecruzamiento de fondos documentales de archivos españoles y portugueses de variada naturaleza (ministeriales, diplomáticos, consulares, militares, policiales, etc.), la secuencia de llegada a Portugal de liberales españoles entre 1826 y 1828, durante la regencia constitucional de la Infanta Dª Isabel Maria. Asimismo, establece la datación, la localización y la organización de los depósitos creados, que dependen de la Comisión Administrativa de los emigrados españoles, como también el sistema de subsidios abonados. Finalmente, se cuantifica el número y la composición socioprofesional de los refugiados españoles internos en los depósitos, de 1826 a 1828.
Nano fertilizer application under different establishment techniques for sustainable paddy (Oryza sativa L.) production
Authors: Theerthana Thangamuthu , Yogananda Shivalli Boregowda , Prakash Salekoppal Sannegowda , Thimmegowda Matadadoddi Nanjundegowda , Jayadeva Hadivappa Marulappa , Mallikarjuna Gowda Avverahalli Puttegowda , Ramanji Rampura Shivappa
Published: December 2024

Rice production in Asia is a cornerstone of global food security. Implementing innovative crop establishment practices and utilizing nano fertilizers can enhance rice yields and mitigate environmental concerns, thereby contributing to a resilient and sustainable food system. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted over 2020 and 2021 that included various methods of application (seed treatment, root dipping, soil and foliar application) of nano fertilizers (nano nitrogen and nano zinc) under different rice establishment methods (conventional paddy and SRI). Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test (p ≤ 0.05). The findings showed that the application of 75% N and two foliar sprays of nano-nitrogen and nano-zinc at 25 to 30 and 45 to 50 days after transplanting under System of Rice Intensification method (Treatment T14) was statistically superior in improving growth and yield parameters, grain and straw yield, and in enhancing the quality of rice over other treatments. Studies revealed strong positive correlations between all the measures, with the exception of the proportion of chaffiness and unfilled grains. The results of the stepwise regression analysis revealed the percentage dependence of grain and straw yield on growth, yield, and quality factors.
Unlocking the habitat suitability of wild olive to improve its industrial potential: A comprehensive distribution modeling study
Authors: Çıvğa Alican
Published: December 2024

Wild olive (Olea europaea L.) is a highly significant forest tree species, both in Türkiye and globally. Its oil and other extracts from the fruits and leaves are vital to various industries, including culinary, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare, making it a valuable non-timber forest product. However, its natural distribution is restricted to Mediterranean climates, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to support its growth and expansion. Potential distribution modelling is one of the best studies to be done to protect a species and ensure its survival. In this study, the MaxEnt method, which relies exclusively on presence data, was used to generate a potential distribution map for wild olive. The environmental variables to be included in the modeling method were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods. From an initial set of 29 variables, AHP selected the top 11 for the final model. The resulting model demonstrated high accuracy, with an AUC value of 0.922, successfully identifying and mapping the potential distribution areas for wild olive across Türkiye.
Modification of computer-aided modelling input data based on medium-scale fire tests of wooden beams
Authors: Spilak Dominik , Dubravska Katarina , Majlingova Andrea , Jin Cong , Xu Qiang , Jiang Lin
Published: December 2024

The aim of the paper was to optimize the settings of the material properties of a computer model describing heat transfer in a wooden beam exposed to thermal loading from a porcelain radiation panel. The methodology was based on performing medium-scale fire tests as a basis for a creation of finite element model with 6 different setups of material characteristics based on the outputs of tests. When adjusting the settings, the T-history method was used to determine a beginning and end of a phase change of the water content in the wood, a thermal conductivity was adjusted based on a density and a moisture content, and enthalpy was used instead of a specific heat. The results of the simulations were compared with the real medium-scale fire tests, which showed the importance of adjusting the input data. Based on the T-history method, the setting with a thermal conductivity value of 0.35 W·m-1·K-1 at a temperature of 114.8 °C was shown to be the best, with a coefficient of determination 98.7%.The results of the simulations showed that there could be a correlation between the moisture content of the wood and the maximum value of the thermal conductivity of the wood in the phase change of water.
Dovzhenko: Apocalypse. War through the Eyes of a National Prophet
Authors: Trymbach Serhiі
Published: December 2024

The article is about the creative heritage of film director Oleksandr Dovzhenko during the Second World War and the role he chooses for himself, the role of the national Prophet. At first, Dovzhenko has shown a restrained optimism regarding the historical fate of Ukraine and Ukrainianhood in the vicissitudes of the tragic confrontation of peoples and political systems. His perception of the world is consistent with the format of the national ideology, formed during the liberation struggles of the early 20th century. It is about a national reflection in a pan-European scale, which is in no way fixated on the idea of self-affirmation of the nation. It has been also a norm for Dovzhenko, so it is not surprising that he thought of himself and his work in global terms. Since the beginning of the war, the artist has refused to work in the cinema, preferring the Word, which is charged with a program of transformations and blockages of tragic cataclysms. Dovzhenko writes Ukraine on Fire the film story, which reproduces the song-romantic image of the people overcoming all the terrible cataclysms of the wartime. The story is criticized by Stalin as a nationalist work, one that exposes the very foundations of the Soviet state system to revision. The ban of Ukraine on Fire coincides with the news of the death of Dovzhenko’s father during the German occupation and his idea of the death of Ukraine. Father blamed Stalin for that death. Dovzhenko takes on apocalyptic assessments of the war as the cause of the death of Ukraine, its people, and its culture. He perceives the war as a systemic sin of the Bolshevik regime headed by Stalin. Nevertheless, the artist finds resources for revival in the people – at the level of clan and family life, where many ritual and magical tools for the renewal of the nation have been developed. The motive of the immortality of the family is connected with the belief in the Renaissance resources of the ancestral, national body. It is the family that is almost the only guarantor of the self-preservation of the people’s body and spirit. A clan that, sensing the possibility of imminent doom, gathers together. Together near the native house, in the garden, which is the Paradise abode, to find common words of incantation, prayers that conjure and drive away death, destruction – of the family and the people.
Нелегальные связи между РПЦЗ и катакомбными общинами в СССР в 1960-е–1980-е гг.
Authors: Shumylo Serhii
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the situation of non-conformist Catacomb Orthodox communities in the USSR in the 1960s–1980s. It examines the problems of persecution by the Soviet regime against the church opposition, the loss of hierarchy with canonical apostolic succession in the catacomb communities, the emergence of various currents and groups, and the emergence of self-sanctification and sectarianism. In this context, special attention is paid to the establishment by the catacomb “True Orthodox Christians” (TOC) from the USSR of secret ties with the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR), as well as to the attempts of the clergy of the Russian Church Abroad to regulate the canonical status of these catacomb communities and thereby prevent the spread of self-sanctification and degeneration into sectarianism in the catacomb environment by means of secret care (following the example of the “experience of the Edinoverie”). The situation of the Catacomb Church in the USSR and the restoration of its episcopate in the 1980s are examined in detail. The article is the first to introduce into scientific circulation previously unknown archival sources and eyewitness testimonies.The author expresses his particular gratitude to Archpriest Serafim Gan, head of the Chancery of the Synod of Bishops and secretary to the First Hierarch of the ROCOR for the opportunity to work with documents from the Archive of the Synod of Bishops of the ROCOR in New York.
Myrrha Lot-Borodine on the concept of theosis
Authors: Obolevitch Teresa
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the presentation and analysis of the views of the prominent Russian-French female theologian Myrrha Lot-Borodine concerning the Eastern Christian conception of theosis. First, I present a history of the appearance of her works in this field. Then, the aspect of theocentrism of Eastern Christianity is discussed as well as its specificity as a tradition which combines both cataphatic and apophatic approaches. The analysis role of body in theosis is also shown. Lot-Borodine was one of the first theologian who dedicated her work on deification, and a brief reception of her publications on this topic is displayed.
Sumerlerin Kimliğine Dair Tartışmalar: Dinler Tarihi Açısından Değerlendirme
Authors: Gülek Gültekin Huzme
Published: December 2024

Sumerliler Güney Mezopotamya’da Basra körfezinin kuzey kıyılarındaki bataklık bölgede MÖ 4. binyıl ortalarından itibaren yerleşik oldukları bilinen topluluklardır. Bu dönemde oluşturulan “Uruk kültürü”’ne ait karakteristik unsurların söz konusu dönemde Anadolu’ya kadar geniş bir alanda görülmesi “Uruk yayılımı” olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Uruk kültürü, adını bölgede kurulan ilk şehir olan Uruk’tan almıştır. İlk yazılı belgeler bu şehirde bulunmuş, 3. binyıl başlarından itibaren çevre şehirlerde de görülmeye başlamıştır. Belgelerin yazıldığı dil Sumercedir. Ancak Uruk kültüründen önce bölgede Al-Ubeyd veya Obeyd kültürü olarak adlandırılan daha eski bir kültür katmanı da bulunmaktadır. MÖ 5. binyıldan MÖ 4. binyıla, Uruk dönemi başlangıcına kadar bu kültüre ait unsurlar tespit edilmektedir. Bazı Sumer şehirlerindeki büyük tapınakların basit yapılı ve küçük boyutlu ilk örnekleri bu döneme aittir. İlk sulama kanalları da Obeyd döneminde kazılmış, çevre coğrafyalarla irtibat bu dönemde başlamıştır. Obeyd dönemiyle Uruk dönemi arasındaki temel fark şehirleşme ve nüfustaki ani artış olarak değerlendirilir. Bu gelişmeleri bazı uzmanlar yeni bir halkın, yani Sumerlilerin bölgeye gelişine bağlarken, bazıları Sumerlilerin Obeyd döneminden beri bölgede yerleşik olduklarını düşünmüş ve bu dönemde yaşanan gelişimi bir kültürel kırılma değil, zaman içinde şartların olgunlaşmasıyla gerçekleşmiş bir kültürel sıçrama olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Bu nedenle Sumerlilerin bölgeye yerleşme tarihleri ve kimlikleri hakkında, arkeolojik, filolojik ve antropolojik bulgulardan hareketle çeşitli görüşler ileri sürülmüştür. Bu makalenin yazılmasındaki amaç, konu ile ilgili görüşleri bir araya getirdikten sonra bir de dinler tarihi perspektifinden değerlendirmektir. Zira Sumer coğrafyası her ne kadar Anadolu coğrafyasına uzak görünse de ilk Sumer şehri Uruk ile Anadolu’daki bazı yerleşimlerin erken dönemde kültürel bağlantısı olduğunu gösteren bulgular mevcuttur. Ayrıca Türkistan, Kafkaslar, Anadolu ve Mezopotamya arasında MÖ 4. binyıldan itibaren ticari ilişkilerin varlığı tespit edilmiştir. Uzun mesafeli ticaretin, söz konusu alanda demografik ve kültürel aktarımı, dolayısıyla inançlarda senkretizmi beraberinde getirdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu nedenle inançlar üzerinden yapılacak bir değerlendirme Sumerlilerin kimliği probleminin çözümüne katkıda bulunabilir. İnançların ileriye dönük tarih aşan özellikleri sayesinde günümüze ulaşmaları, yaklaşık beş bin yıl öncesine ait bazı inanç ve uygulamaların bugün de gözlenmesine ve karşılaştırma yapılabilmesine imkân vermektedir. Bu çalışmada Sumerlilerin kimliği üzerine görüşler çeşitli yönleriyle ortaya konulduktan sonra konu bir de inançlar açısından ele alınmış, Sumer inançları ile benzerlik gösteren inanışlar, dinler tarihinin karşılaştırmalı fenomenolojik metoduyla değerlendirilmiştir.