bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blockchain and AI-Based Solutions to Combat Coronavirus (COVID-19)-like Epidemics: A Survey
Authors: Nguyen Dinh C. , Dinh Ming , Pathirana Pubudu N. , Seneviratne Aruna
Published: April 2020

The beginning of 2020 has seen the emergence of coronavirus outbreak caused by a novel virus called SARS-CoV-2. The sudden explosion and uncontrolled worldwide spread of COVID-19 show the limitations of existing healthcare systems to timely handle public health emergencies. In such contexts, innovative technologies such as blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as promising solutions for fighting coronavirus epidemic. On the one hand, blockchain can combat pandemics by enabling early detection of outbreaks, protecting user privacy, and ensuring reliable medical supply chain during the outbreak tracking. On the other hand, AI provides intelligent solutions for identifying symptoms caused by coronavirus for treatments and supporting drug manufacturing. Motivated by these, in this paper we present an extensive survey on the use of blockchain and AI for combating coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics based on the rapidly emerging literature. First, we introduce a new conceptual architecture which integrates blockchain and AI specific for COVID-19 fighting. Particularly, we highlight the key solutions that blockchain and AI can provide to combat the COVID-19 outbreak. Then, we survey the latest research efforts on the use of blockchain and AI for COVID-19 fighting in a wide range of applications. The newly emerging projects and use cases enabled by these technologies to deal with coronavirus pandemic are also presented. Finally, we point out challenges and future directions that motivate more research efforts to deal with future coronavirus-like epidemics.
Coronavirus 2019 Infection in People with Associated Co-Morbidities: Case Fatality and ACE2 Inhibitors Treatment Concerns
Authors: Honardoost Maryam , Aghili Rokhsareh , Khamseh Mohammad E.
Published: April 2020

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is becoming pandemic with the highest mortality in people with associated comorbidities. These RNA viruses containing four structural proteins usually use spike protein to enter the host cell. It has been demonstrated that Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) ,as a part of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), acts as a host receptor for the virus which is the main target of therapeutic approaches. However, medications acting on RAAS can lead to serious complications especially in people with diabetes and hypertension. To avoid this, other potential treatment modalities should be used in COVID-19 patients with associated comorbidities.
Visiting Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia) from a Breeding Perspective: A Review
Authors: Kesh Hari , Kaushik Prashant
Published: April 2020

Bitter gourd is an important vegetable of the family Cucurbitaceae, cultivated mainly in humid and subtropical Asia. Bitter gourd is vegetable with immense health benefits due to the presence of medicinal compounds such as charatin, vicine, and polypeptide-p, which play an essential role in lessening the blood glucose levels. Moreover, bitter gourd fruits are particularly rich in vitamin C, minerals, and carotenes. Here, an effort has been made to critically evaluate the extent of achievements during the enhancement and enactment of bitter gourd breeding programs with the use of latest technologies. Broadening of the genetic base of cultivated bitter groud varieties as a result of enrichment of the existing resources by using the wild species in the breeding programs. Practical seed production technological know-how along with the use of the MS system (male sterility)/chemical-induced sterility procedure is nonetheless vital to cope up with the market demands. Superior yielding bitter gourd hybrids combining early maturity and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses are regularly needed to cope up with the challenge of bitter gourd production.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Study of Two Viral Proteins Associated with SARS-CoV-2 with Ivermectin
Authors: Gonzalez Paz Lenin Andres , Lossada Carla A. , Moncayo Luis S. , Romero Freddy , Paz J. L. , Vera-Villalobos Joan , Perez Aleivi E. , San-Blas Ernesto , Alvarado Ysaias J.
Published: April 2020

The global pandemic caused by the new SARS-COV-2 coronavirus makes it necessary to search for drugs for its control. Within of this research it has been known that the ivermectin drug, a FDA-approved drugs which is formulated as an 80:20 mixture of ivermectin B1a and B1b and used commonly for parasitic infections, has an inhibitory effect on viruses, includes SARS-COV-2 at in vitro level. In the particular case of SARS-COV-2 its mechanism of action remains elusive and controversial. Interestingly, the energy of interaction of ivermectin with any of the proteins the SARS-CoV-2 and the possible structural alterations at the protein level that this drug can cause have not been reported. In this sense, we carried out a bioinformatics study with docking strategies and molecular dynamics to predict the binding and disturbance induced by ivermectin in proteins associated with SARS-CoV-2. We use DockThor and Molegro docking scores. The DockThor server and myPresto software were used to build complexes and dynamics studies, respectively. The results obtained suggested that ivermectin is capable of docking with the 3CL protease and the HR2 domain, and may promote structural changes in these proteins by inducing unfolding/folding. Specifically, ivermectin brings protease to a significantly more deployed conformational state and the HR2 domain to a more compact state compared to the native state. Finally, it is shown that B1a and B1b macrocyclic lactones have a behavior different from to each target protein. These results suggest a possible inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2 due to a synergistic role of this drug to spontaneously bind to two important proteins involve in the proliferation of this virus. However, more studies are required on this possible mechanism of action.
Antidiabetic, Anticancer and Nephrolithiasis Used Wild Edible Food Supplements of Uttarakhand (Garhwal Himalaya)
Authors: Chandra Subhash , Saklani Sarla , Tsung Chen Jen
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research was to develop new antidibetic, anticancer, nephrolithiasis and new food supplements with potential pharmacological activity from readily accessed natural products. In the present study, we investigated the nutritional, mineral profile and phytochemical analysis of the extracts of C. indicus, D. biflorus, G. soja, B. cerifera, O. frumentaceu, E. coracana, P. frutenscens, S. italica, C. viscosa and H. vulgare seeds or pulps. The extraction process involved fractionation with various solvents whereas the estimation of nutrients and minerals was done using AOAC method and ICPMS techniques. The levels of crude protein, carbohydrates, crude fiber, crude fat and ash contents in C. indicus seeds were found to 2.20%, 14.12%, 56.38%, 7.50%, 2.20% and 5.30%, respectively whereas 5.93%, 72.07%, 5.10%, 1.00% and 3.90%, respectively were measured in the seeds of H. vulgare. This is the first scientific report to explore the comprehensive nutrients, mineral content and phytochemical analysis on the C. indicus, D. biflorus, G. soja, B. cerifera, O. frumentaceu, E. coracana, P. frutenscens, S. italica, C. viscosa and H. vulgare seeds and pulps. Which were found as highly medicinal and nutritional due to the presence of dietary fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals and other needful nutrients.
On Third-Order $\overline{h}$-Jacobsthal and Third-Order $\overline{h}$-Jacobsthal--Lucas Sequences, and Related Quaternions
Authors: Cerda-Morales Gamaliel
Published: April 2020

In this paper, inspired by recent articles of G. Anatriello and G. Vincenzi (see \cite{Ana}), and G. Cerda-Morales (see \cite{Cer1,Cer2}), we will introduce the third-order $\overline{h}$-Jacobsthal and third-order $\overline{h}$-Jacobsthal--Lucas sequences and their associated quaternions. The new results that we have obtained extend most of those obtained in \cite{Cer2}.
Energy Recovery Potential of Obomkpa Coal
Authors: Nyakuma Bemgba B.
Published: April 2020

This study presents preliminary findings on the physicochemical, calorific, and thermal properties of a newly discovered coal from Obomkpa town in Aniocha-North Local Government Area of Delta State in Nigeria. The Obomkpa (BMK) coal sample was subjected to fuel characterisation through ASTM standards and techniques for determining elemental, proximate, and calorific coal properties. The results indicated that BMK coal contains high carbon, oxygen, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash. The higher heating value of BMK was 19.66 MJ/kg, which indicates it could be ranked as either lignite A or subbituminous C coal. The thermal properties indicated that BMK experienced significant mass loss (ML) under oxidative (combustion) and non-oxidative (pyrolysis) conditions due to thermal degradation of organic rock macerals (inertinite and vitrinite). Furthermore, BMK experienced mass loss (ML=59.27%–76.56%) along with residual mass (RM = 23.44–40.73%) under oxidative (combustion) and non-oxidative (pyrolysis) conditions. Thermal degradation occurred in three (3) stages; drying (30 °C to 200 °C), devolatilization (200 °C – 500 °C and 600 °C), and lastly, coke degradation and ash formation. Furthermore, the DTG peaks for the drying and devolatilization of BMK during the oxidative (combustion) process occurred at lower temperatures compared to the non-oxidative (pyrolysis) process. Hence, the results submit oxidative (combustion) is a more thermally efficient process compared to the non-oxidative (pyrolysis) process. Lastly, the findings indicate BMK is a potential feedstock material for future coal power generation, steel, iron ore or cement production.
Heart in Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Fayssoil Abdallah , Davido Benjamin , Mustafic Hazrije , Dinh Aurélien , Mansencal Nicolas
Published: April 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging infectious disease with currently a pandemic state. Cardiac function can be involved, affecting prognosis, in addition with lung feature severity, particularly in patients with comorbidities. Since the renin angiotensin aldosterone (RAA) system may interact with SARS-Cov-2, researches are still ongoing to assess the prognostic value of RAA blockers in cardiology.
Hydroxychloroquine; Why It Might Be Successful and Why It Might Not Be Successful in the Treatment of Covid-19 Pneumonia? Could It Be A Prophylactic Drug?
Authors: Deniz Omer
Published: April 2020

According to current literature and preliminary data, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) seems potentially effective in treating patients with Covid-19 pneumonia. The concentrations of the HCQ in the lungs might be well above that of plasma. Most likely, this property of HCQ provides effective drug concentrations. HCQ has a gradual onset of action in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. This could be valid for the treatment of Covid-19 pneumonia. Reduced perfusion, somewhat distorted architecture of lung tissue and edema might reduce HCQ accumulation in pneumonic areas of the lungs in Covid-19 pneumonia. Patients having extensive lung involvement might have less HCQ concentrations in their lungs than that of patients having limited lung involvement. Furthermore, patients having extensive lung involvement might have more viral load than that of limited lung involvement. That’s why HCQ might be more effective in the treatment of mild and moderate Covid-19 pneumonia cases and might not be effective in advanced cases. Using HCQ in Covid-19 prophylaxis seems logical since providing enough accumulation of HCQ in the healthy lungs before the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, might prevent Covid-19 pneumonia. The purpose of this paper is not to recommend using or not using HCQ for the treatment or for the prophylaxis of Covid-19 pneumonia. The purpose of this paper is only to try to bring a new perspective on the role of HCQ in the treatment or in the prophylaxis of Covid-19 pneumonia. This paper proposes only hypotheses, which need further researches to be confirmed.
COVID-19: Beta-Thalassemia Subjects Immunised?
Authors: Lansiaux Edouard , Pebay Philippe Pierre , Picard Jean Laurent , Son-Forget Joachim
Published: April 2020

The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) is a contagious acute respiratory infectious disease whose causative agent has been demonstrated to be a novel virus of the coronavirus family, SARSCoV-2. A recent pre-print study has showed a heme attack on the 1-beta chain of hemoglobin by COVID19. Beta-thalassemia results of a default in the hemoglobin beta- chain synthesis. 1,5% global population are heterozygotes for this disease. In this study, by a multiple linear regression, we have analyzed the evolution of COVID-19 infection in three Italian regions (Puglia, Sardinia, Sicilia) with different beta-thalassemic prevalences, in order to search a link. The results have showed that betathalassemic heterozygote population prevalence is correlated to immunity against COVID-19, by a regression. This paper is only for academic discussion, the hypotheses and conclusions needs to be confirmed by further research .
Development of Microneedle Puncture Device that Prevents Buckling of Needle by Delivery Operation
Authors: Suzuki Masato ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kansai University 3-3-35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan, Motooka Fuuta , Takahashi Tomokazu , Aoyagi Seiji
Published: April 2020

Herein, using the micromachining technology, we propose a microneedle delivery mechanism that is similar to the lead delivery mechanism for a mechanical pencil. This mechanism involves three parts: a needle grasping part, a needle advancing part, and a needle retainer. This mechanism advances the needle by repeating the following steps: 1) fix the needle in the grasping part; 2) simultaneously advance the grasping part and the needle using the advancing part; 3) release the needle from the grasping part; 4) retreat the grasping and the advancing parts to their initial positions. This operation advances the needle very slowly, thereby allowing the needle to puncture the skin without buckling, even if the needle has a narrow diameter. Each component of the puncture device was cut from a plastic plate using a femtosecond laser. We evaluated the performance of the device for a stainless steel needle of φ100 μm, and were successful in delivering the needle at approximately 100 μm/cycle under a no-load condition. We also succeeded in puncturing the same needle into a hydrogel (Young’s modulus of ∼0.08 MPa) using this device.
Scapular Ring Preservation
Authors: Taylor Samuel A. , Shah Sarav S. , Chen Xiang , Gentile Joseph , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Dines Joshua S. , Dines David M. , Cordasco Frank A. , Warren Russell F. , Kontaxis Andreas
Published: April 2020

Background:

Scapular fractures following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) are devastating complications with substantial functional implications. The role of the coracoacromial ligament (CAL), which is often transected during surgical exposure for RSA, is not fully known. We hypothesized that the CAL contributes to the structural integrity of the “scapular ring” and that the transection of this ligament during RSA alters the scapular strain patterns.

Methods:

RSA was performed on 8 cadaveric specimens without evidence of a prior surgical procedure in the shoulder. Strain rosettes were fixed onto the acromial body (at the location of Levy type-II fractures) and the scapular spine (Levy type III). With use of a shoulder simulator, strains were recorded at 0°, 30°, and 60° glenohumeral abductions before and after CAL transection. The deltoid and glenohumeral joints were functionally loaded (middle deltoid = 150 N, posterior deltoid = 75 N, and joint compression = 300 N). Maximum principal strains were calculated from each rosette at each abduction angle. A repeated-measures analysis of variance with post hoc analysis was performed to compare the maximum principal strain at each abduction angle.

Results:

With the CAL intact, there was no significant difference between strain experienced by the acromion and scapular spine at 0°, 30°, and 60° of glenohumeral abduction. CAL transection generated significantly increased strain in the scapular spine at all abduction angles compared with an intact CAL. The maximum scapular spine strain observed was increased 19.7% at 0° of abduction following CAL transection (1,216 ± 300.0 microstrain; p = 0.011). Following CAL transection, acromial strains paradoxically decreased at all abduction angles (p < 0.05 for all). The smallest strains were observed at 60° of glenohumeral abduction at the acromion following CAL transection (296 ± 121.3 microstrain; p = 0.048).

Conclusions:

The CAL is an important structure that completes the “scapular ring” and therefore serves to help distribute strain in a more normalized fashion. Transection of the CAL substantially alters strain patterns, resulting in increased strain at the scapular spine following RSA.

Clinical Relevance:

CAL preservation is a modifiable risk factor that may reduce the risk of bone microdamage and thus the occurrence of fatigue/stress fractures in the scapular spine following RSA.
Role of Indigenous Dryland Agroforestry System for Biodiversity Conservation and Carbon Storage in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Manaye Ashenafi , Tesfamariam Berihu , Tesfaye Musse , Werku Adefires , Gufi Yirga
Published: April 2020

Background Agroforestry (AF) is an age-old practice in the farming system of Ethiopian dry lands. So far, several studies conducted in the ﬁeld of AF focused on system design, soil fertility management and system interactions. Less emphasis has been given to the biodiversity and climate change mitigation aspects. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the woody species diversity, biomass carbon (C) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock of the dry land indigenous AF practices. A total of 197 smallholder farmers representing four AF practices were systematically selected from lowland, midland and highland. Woody species inventory was done on the randomly established plot of each farm. Results A total of 59 species, belonging to 48 genera and 32 families were recorded. Shannon diversity index (H’) of highland agroecology was higher in-home garden AF while in the midland and lowland the higher H’ was recorded in parkland AF. Smallholding ecosystem C stocks (sum of total biomass C and SOC 0 –60 cm) ranged from 77 to 135 Mg ha −1 .The mean total biomass C stock of woodlot AF practice (31 Mg C ha -1 ) was significantly higher than the other three AF practices. SOC stocks (0–60 cm) were greater in boundary planting (113 Mg C ha -1 ) followed by the home garden (109 Mg C ha -1 ) and woodlot (97 Mg C ha -1 ) AF practices. Conclusions The higher species richness was recorded on the home garden and parkland small household agroforestry system as compared to woodlot agroforestry systems. Likewise, the higher Shannon diversity and evenness were found on the home garden agroforestry system.. As compared to other AF systems, our study revealed that rotational woodlot and boundary planting AF practice accounts higher biomass and SOC stock, respectively. We found that biodiversity is synergy with SOC stock but can be seen as an independent agro-ecosystem function that may not directly correlated to biomass and total agroforestry carbon storage. Finally, our work concluded that home garden and boundary agroforestry can strategically promote to maximize biodiversity and carbon storage of the dry land ecosystem.
BREVES CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A (IM)POSSIBILIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DA TEORIA DA DUPLA IMPUTAÇÃO EM MATÉRIA PENAL AMBIENTAL
Authors: SILVA Rogerio Borba da , SILVA Giovanna Curvelo Bernardes da
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo visa analisar a viabilidade de aplicação da responsabilização penal às pessoas jurídicas causadoras de crimes ambientais, bem como  breves considerações sobre a necessidade de aplicação da teoria da dupla imputação para que se faça possível a aplicação do instituto supramencionado, constatando-se que a jurisprudência tem caminhado no sentido de reconhecer a possibilidade de criminalização das pessoas jurídicas sem a necessidade de aplicação da teoria da dupla imputação. A presente pesquisa se valeu do método de revisão bibliográfica.
ENEM: O LEVIATÃ DA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA?
Authors: LASNEAUX Marcello Vieira
Published: April 2020

A instauração de um Estado-avaliador tem se mostrado uma tendência aparentemente sem retorno. Qual o propósito da avaliação de larga escala? O ENEM é uma avaliação de larga escala mas esse é o propósito atual do ENEM? Além disso, o ENEM, vem sendo indicado pela imprensa à população em geral, como referência de qualidade das escolas. A inquietude é: o exame por si só é capaz de avaliar as instituições de ensino? Esses exames foram criados para isso? Esses exames estão vivendo uma espécie de “crise de identidade”, uma crise política-educacional? Precisamos discutir mais amplamente o papel já descaracterizado do ENEM e unir forças para não assistir um retrocesso aos domínios da escuridão que assistimos em outras épocas.
ESTABELECIMENTOS CHILDFREE: LIBERDADE DE INICIATIVA VS. DIREITOS DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE
Authors: CANAVEZ Luciana Lopes , SILVA Maylon Pereira Claudino da , ANDRADE Victor Luiz Pereira de
Published: April 2020

Em decorrência do massivo desenvolvimento e constante aumento da dinamicidade da sociedade de consumo global contemporânea, ao mercado é imposto o acompanhamento de tendências e a atenção ao suprimento das necessidades e também demandas individuais de seus consumidores. Dentro deste contexto, surgem, impulsionados pelo ideário social precedente, os estabelecimentos childfree, empreendimentos comerciais que buscam o atendimento específico do nicho mercantil que se formou em torno da ideologia de mesmo nome. Contudo, por se tratar de uma ideologia excludente, discute-se os entraves jurídicos da atuação econômica no mercado e perante o ordenamento brasileiro. Com tal intuito, o presente artigo busca tratar, sem intenção de esgotar o tema, dos conflitos entre a liberdade de iniciativa privada e os direitos de crianças e a adolescentes, atentando também para os direitos do consumidor. O trabalho, guiando-se pelo método procedimental bibliográfico e método de abordagem dedutivo, baseia-se em obras de júris-filósofos, no acervo de leis brasileiro e também em resultados de pesquisas jurídicas e das demais áreas das ciências humanas e sociais aplicadas.
A REPERCUSSÃO DA CONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO SOBRE OS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE: EM BUSCA DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA
Authors: HOLANDA Danielle Spencer
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo analisa a influência da constitucionalização sobre os direitos da personalidade. Discorre sobre o processo de constitucionalização do direito. Esclarece sobre sua (a)tipicidade. Ressalta a importância da aplicação dos princípios constitucionais sobre o tema. Demonstra a conexão entre seu conteúdo e os valores da dignidade da pessoa humana.
Anais XXXIX SAOJEM - 39ª Semana Acadêmica de Odontologia Júlio Estrela Moreira
Authors: Schenato Luis Felipe , Calixto Robson Diego , Carvalho Larissa Viviane de , Fernandes Letícia Fontanella , Pacheco Milena Nunes , Macedo Júnior Nelson Luiz de
Published: April 2020

EditorialCaro(a) Leitor(a),Ao longo desses 38 anos de história, a Semana Acadêmica de Odontologia Júlio Estrela Moreira (SAOJEM), do centenário curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná, busca aprofundar os conhecimentos científicos e técnicos de estudantes e profissionais na área da odontologia. A SAOJEM é um evento organizado por estudantes, com apoio do Centro Acadêmico de Odontologia Guido Straube – CAOGS – a entidade de representação estudantil do curso de Odontologia da UFPR. Conta também com o apoio da coordenação do Curso de Odontologia, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia da UFPR, da Pró-Reitoria de Extensão e Cultura – PROEC – UFPR e ainda do Setor de Ciências da Saúde da UFPRSabemos que a odontologia atual vem passando por muitas atualizações e modificações devido aos avanços da ciência e da tecnologia na área da saúde. A cada dia, novas evidências científicas sobre os mais diversos temas nos despertam dúvida, interesse e até mesmo surpresa. Sejam elas sobre temáticas atuais, novas abordagens, procedimentos inovadores e até promissores. Com o passar do tempo, descobrimos também novas técnicas ou novos materiais para serem utilizados em nossa prática clínica. Encontramos ainda uma nova discussão sobre técnicas já consagradas, mas por uma nova perspectivaNo entanto, prevalece o objetivo dos cirurgiões-dentistas de tomarem decisões clínicas, sempre que possível, com base em evidências científicas. Estes e outros temas serão discutidos por mais de trinta especialistas, referências em suas áreas, na XXXVIII SAOJEM. Nosso evento tem como compromisso um encontro profissional e científico da mais alta qualidade.Assim, a XXXIX SAOJEM, tem como intuito apresentar um evento com cursos, workshops, hands-ons e conferências de assuntos diversificados e inovadores, trazendo profissionais de renome nacional para abordarem seus assuntos dentro desta nova realidade. Além das várias modalidades de palestras e cursos, ainda há a apresentação de trabalhos científicos. De uma forma dinâmica, eles são exibidos como forma de incentivo à produção e exposição de painéis científicos de relevância. Os trabalho e painéis são também avaliados e premiados por bancas especializadas na área do assunto abordado, garantindo credibilidade ao evento, aos pesquisadores, mas acima de tudo, colaborando para o avanço da odontologia.O evento trará aos participantes a oportunidade de apreciação de temas não abordados na graduação ou um aprofundamento maior naqueles já conhecidos, aprimorando assim o conhecimento técnico-científico dos alunos e profissionais frente às mais diversas situações clínicas e sociais.O propósito do evento é reunir alunos de graduação, pós-graduação, profissionais, mestres e empresas num espetáculo em que a participação é de extrema valia para todos.Para nós, será uma alegria contar com a sua participação no evento mais estimado da Odontologia da UFPR.
Anais 4º Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e/ou Meta-Análise do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia FOA/UNESP
Authors: Pellizzer Eduardo Piza
Published: April 2020

Caro(a) Leitor(a)Em 30 de novembro de 2019, tivemos o prazer de realizar o 4° Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e Meta-análise do programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, com a participação de 46 inscritos entre alunos de graduação, pós graduação, profissionais e professores de diferentes instituições no Brasil, entre elas a Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE, PE), Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração (Unisagrado, Bauru, SP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP, SP) e a Unoeste (Faculdade de Odontologia de Presidente Prudente).Destaque deve ser dado a participação dos alunos de Pós-Graduação da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba (FOA-UNESP) e Pernambuco (FOP-UPE), apresentando os trabalhos realizados na disciplina “Fundamentos da Revisão Sistemática”. Esta disciplina completa seu quarto ano na FOA-UNESP e seu terceiro ano de parceria com a Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco (FOP-UPE) com aulas presenciais e por videoconferência com um altíssimo nível de aproveitamento.Observamos que nos últimos anos, houve um crescimento muito grande no que diz respeito ao entendimento do valor que existe das revisões sistemáticas e meta-análise, principalmente quando são confeccionadas com trabalhos clínicos randomizados. Nesse sentido convidamos o Prof. Dr. Fausto Medeiros Mendes da Universidade de São Paulo (SP) para ministrar a palestra intitulada “Estudos Clínicos Randomizados: Do delineamento à escolha dos desfechos” no período da manhã (8h30min às 12h) com participação ativa da plateia. No período da tarde houve a apresentação de painéis, onde estavam inscritos 32 trabalhos entre revisões sistemáticas e revisões sistemáticas com meta-análise.As revisões sistemáticas são consideradas a evidência cientifica mais forte, pois permitem uma aplicabilidade clínica imediata. Logo, o clínico/pesquisador poderá posicionar-se ou reposicionar uma conduta. Aliado a isso, estudos clínicos controlados e randomizados devem ser estimulados ao redor do mundo, promovendo novos questionamentos, pois reafirmo não é mais época de impor condutas sem evidências científicas.Nos encontraremos no próximo encontro de revisão sistemática em novembro de 2020, onde todos serão BEM VINDOS! Prof. Titular Eduardo Piza PellizzerCoordenador do 4º Encontro de Revisão Sistemática e/ou Meta-Análise do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia FOA/UNESP
Wald Test Formulations in DIF Detection of CDM Data with the Proportional Reasoning Test
Authors: HOU Likun , TERZİ Ragıp , DE LA TORRE Jimmy
Published: April 2020

This study aims to conduct differential item functioning analyses in the context of cognitive diagnosis assessments using various formulations of the Wald test. In implementing the Wald test, two scenarios are considered: one where the underlying reduced model can be assumed; and another where a saturated CDM is used. Illustration of the different Wald test to detect DIF in CDM data was based on the items’ performance of the Proportional Reasoning test among low- and high-performing school students. A benchmark simulation study was included to compare the performance of the Wald test in each scenario. The agreement of the latent attribute classification based on different cognitive diagnosis models was also discussed.
Elementary metabolomics and affordable tools for screening, diagnosis and treating hypomagnesemia in pregnancy
Authors: Dikke G. B.
Published: April 2020

The article addresses matters related to the replenishment of the magnesium deficiency in pregnant women. Two multicenter studies conducted in Russia in 2012 and 2013 showed that magnesium deficiency was diagnosed in 81% of pregnant women. The presented article states that the magnesium status study has some limitations and should be comprehensive, including the symptom assessment using MDQ questionnaires and the measurement of the level of magnesium in the blood by laboratory tests. This work assessed the effects of magnesium deficiency on pregnancy outcomes. The systematic reviews of randomized clinical studies in pregnant women without magnesium deficiency did not detect the positive effect of magnesium supplements on reduction of the incidence of complications, and, on the contrary, if the magnesium deficiency is diagnosed, the frequency of complications, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, premature birth, low birth weight has been significantly reduced. The article discusses the issues of hypomagnesemia diagnosis and rational therapy with magnesium supplements and provides the analysis of the data on bioavailability, accumulation rate, dose determination, possibilities and feasibility of administration combined with other micronutrients. If the magnesium deficiency is diagnosed, it is necessary to replenish it with a combination of organic Mg-containing agents and pyridoxine at adjusted dosages. The advantages of oral magnesium citrate compared with other salts are due to its high bioavailability, delivery of magnesium to the cells, and complete utilization in the Krebs cycle. The intake of vitamin-mineral complexes for pregnant women is not a limitation for taking additional magnesium-containing supplements in women with Mg deficiency.
Infertility against the background of chronic endometritis and vaginal dysbiosis: preimplantation preparation experience
Authors: Borovikov I. O. , Kutsenko I. I. , Bulgakova V. P. , Rubinina E. R. , Gorring H. I. , Voronov V. A.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Vaginal infections of nonspecific etiology caused by microbiocenosis disorder is one of the leading aspects of gynecological morbidity in recent times. According to research statistics, the incidence of such disease varies from 30 to 80% among all inflammatory lower genital tract diseases in women. Aim of the study: to present the experience of preparation for ART in patients with chronic endometritis against the background of mixed forms of vaginal dysbiosis. Material and methods. The results of treatment with a drug containing metronidazole and miconazole nitrate (vaginal suppositories once a day at bedtime for 7 days) were studied in combination with natural micronized progesterone in 36 women with infertility caused by endometrial receptivity disorder due to chronic endometritis against the background of vaginal dysbiosis, in whom pre-implantation preparation with embryo transfer was carried out after the end of the therapy. The following were used: assessment of microbiota status of urogenital tract – PCR (femoflor-16), measurement of vaginal environment pH, Hay/Ison criteria, endometrial pipelle biopsy and endometrial immunohistochemical evaluation of endometrial receptivity (LIF, LIF-R) on the 3rd and 7th days after LH peak. Conclusion. The presented experience of complex local therapy of women diagnosed with “Infertility against the background of chronic endometritis and vaginal dysbiosis“ using a drug containing metronidazole and miconazole and natural micronized progesterone in the form of vaginal gel can be useful for practicing obstetricians-gynecologists and other interested specialists.
Correction of vaginal microbiota in patients in early and late transition to menopause
Authors: Karakhalis L. Yu. , Ponomareva Yu. S. , Ivantsiv N. S.
Published: April 2020

Introduction: to investigate the possibility of using clindamycin and butaconazole in local therapy of moderate and severe dysbiosis in patients during the menopausal transition (early and late).

Materials and methods: 107 women were examined. They were divided into two groups depending on their complains: the patients of group 1 (49.5%) had an early transition to menopause (44.7 ± 2.3 years); the patients of group 2 (50.5%) corresponded to a late transition to menopause (49.1 ± 1.5 years). The complains were evaluated. The levels of hormones (FSH, AMH, Inhibin B, estradiol) were determined. A study of the vaginal biotope was conducted by PCR ‘Femoflor 8. Statistical studies were conducted in the environment of STATISTICA 10 package (Tibco, USA). The difference in average values was considered statistically significant for p<0.05. Results: vegetative-vascular disorders were typically for patient in group 2 and detected in 74.1%. Mucosal dryness was 5.2 times more common in patients 2 group, as was dyspareunia (5.5 times more often), dysuria (14 times more often), itching in the vagina (3.5 times more often), discomfort (3.4 times often). All patient in group 2, and 51% of patient in group 1 had moderate and severe dysbiosis on the background of hypoestrogenia.

Conclusion: The period of menopausal transition is characterized as a abnormalities of the vaginal biotope due to the activation of aerobes, anaerobes, and fungi of the genus Candida, and estrogen deficiency, that is more pronounced in patients with a late transition to menopause. Combined approach to the therapy these disorders allows to level out the clinical manifestation due to the consistent use of Clindacin B prolong and Ovipol Clio, but also improve the quality of life by individually selecting the duration estradiol therapy.
The influence of HRT on bone mineral dencity, condition of parodontal complex tissue, clinical implications of articulated syndrome in postmenopausal women
Authors: Shafieva I. A. , Bulgakova S. V. , Vasilkova E. V. , Shafieva A. V.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. To evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on periodontal treatment outcomes complex, bone mineral density and articular syndrome in a group of postmenopausal women.

Materials and methods. We carried out an exploration of 32 postmenopausal women aged 50-59 years , with chronic periodontitis, postmenopausal osteoporosis, hand osteoarthritis. The control group (n=14) didn’t receive HRT (HRT–). The test group (n=18) –received HRT (HRT+).All subjects were examined by recording the following: plaque index (PI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), periodontal pocket depth (PD), Dreiser`s index, VAS pain score. Measurements were recorded at the baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 monthsю Results. The significant decline was revealed in all of the values (PI, SBI, PD) in HRT+ compare to HRT-. After 6, 12 months, in the periodontal area had been stabilized in the HRT+ group. 11.2% reduction was indicated in the lumbar spine and 8,15% reduction in the femoral neck within the HRTafter 1 year. The significant decrease was discovered in VAS pain score, Dreiser`s index, painful joints quantity in HRT+.

Conclusions: 12-week HRT was highly effective in periodontal treatment outcomes (significant decrease in PI, SBI, PD after 3 months). BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine is reduced within 1 year in patients with MHTcompared with MHT +.In the group of MHT +, compared with the group of MHTand baseline data, after 3 months there was a significant improvement in the number of painful joints, the level of pain, the Dreiser index, a positive effect persists until the end of the study.
The predictors of preterm labour in patients with multiple pregnancy
Authors: Barinov S. V. , Belinina A. A. , Koliado O. V. , Molchanova I. V. , Shkret A. A. , Stepanov S. S.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The number of women with multiple pregnancy is increasing worldwide, especially in countries with a high level of health care, where assisted reproductive technologies are widely used. According to foreign studies, one third of twins are born as a result of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), so only an increase in multiple pregnancy can be predicted in the future. The main obstetric problem with these pregnancies is the problem of carrying.

Objective: To identify the predictors of preterm birth in patients with multiple pregnancy in order to improve monitoring and prophylactic measures among this cohort of women.

Material and methods: A retrospective controlled observational study, including 154 patients with multiple pregnancies was carried out. Logistic analysis was used to identify the predictors of preterm labour.

Results: The study showed that the predictors of preterm birth varied from one trimester to another. Based on the identified predictors, the predictive models for each trimester of pregnancy were compiled. Most of the identified predictors are related to obstetrical history. Risk groups formation, based on the identification of these predictors, is extremely important for qualified medical support. Prophylactic measures should be performed on the pre-conceptional stage. Pregnancy planning should be recommended only after treatment of chronic endometritis, followed by control of vaginal microflora and progesterone support. It is hardly possible to talk about the prevention of cervical insufficiency. However, cervical correction is an important factor for perinatal outcomes improving. The research suggests that the insertion of cervical pessary in women with multiple pregnancy and cervical insufficiency allows to prolong the gestational period for 7 weeks.

Conclusion: a comprehensive approach of management of women with multiple pregnancy based on the prognostic scales of preterm labour, allows to reduce the preterm birth rate.
Vaginitis and cervicitis: choice of an effective therapy method (literature review)
Authors: Nazarova N. M. , Nekrasova M. E. , Dovletkhanova E. R. , Abakarova P. R.
Published: April 2020

Among gynaecological diseases in women of reproductive age the leading place is occupied by inflammatory diseases of the lower part of the genital tract (70%), a significant proportion of which are inflammatory processes of the vagina and cervix uteri. In ⅔ of women, cervicitis is most often asymptomatic, so they do not seek medical treatment, and 65–77.6% have a transition to a chronic form. Thus, chronic cervicitis is diagnosed in almost one in three women who seek assistance from a gynaecologist due to leukorrhea, and there is no tendency for a decrease in frequency. The article presents an actual view on the problem of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract. The analysis of some researches devoted to the influence of local immunity and the state of vaginal microflora on the development of chronic inflammatory diseases is carried out. The results of proteomic researches of cervicovaginal fluid in early diagnostics of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract and the possibility of using cytokine biomarkers in clinical practice with the aim of prediction of pathological state and choice of further treatment tactics of the patient are presented. Efficiency of use of the combined medication on the basis of chlorhexidine and dexpantenol possessing pronounced antimicrobial, regenerating and metabolic action and applied in therapy of acute and chronic vaginitis; bacterial vaginosis; endo-, exocervicitis that is topical in therapy of inflammatory diseases of the lower genital tract is considered.
Efficacy of proteolytic therapy in the comprehensive management of patients with second-degree intrauterine synechia
Authors: Kravtsova E. I. , Kutsenko I. I. , Kholina L. A. , Anikina G. A.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The article discusses the possibilities of comprehensive management for patients with Asherman’s syndrome.

Objective: to describe the experience in comprehensive management of patients with Asherman’s syndrome using an enzymatic proteolytic agent – bovgyaluronidase azoximer.

Material and methods. A total of 43 patients with Asherman’s syndrome were examined. The examination methods included transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), hysteroscopy, intrauterine dissection of synechia, endometrial histopathological examination, IL-6, IL-10, VEGF-A and TGFβ1 test in cervical mucus. The treatment included hysteroscopy, dissection of intrauterine synechia and use of Longidaza I.M. at a dose of 3000 IU once every three days for the course – 5 injections followed up by 1 supposidoitory (3000 ME) intravaginally once every two days for the course – 15 applications) on the top of already administered cyclic estrogen gestagen therapy.

Results. A statistically significant reduction of anti-inflammatory index (AII) and TGFβ1/VEGF-A ratio in cervical mucus up to the test results of healthy women of reproductive age (controls) was observed in assessing changes in the local immunological status in patients with Asherman’s syndrome under pressure of azoximer bovgioluronidase therapy after 6 months of observation. AII – 0.68 (0.02) c.u. Group 1 against 0.65 (0.03) c.u. (in control), p = 0.87 and TGFβ1/VEGF-A – 1.8 (0.3) c.u. against 1.4 (0.2) c.u. accordingly, p = 0.84.

Сonclusions. Analysis of clinical efficacy of azoximer bovgyaluronidase in the comprehensive management of 21 women with second-grade intrauterine synechia showed recovery of menstrual cycle in 18/21 (85.7%) patients, relief of menstrual pain in 11/21 (52.3%) patients. 6/21 (28.5%) patients with infertility and 2/21 (9.5%) patients with miscarriage obtained spontaneous pregnancy 12 months after the therapy. All pregnancies ended in term births.
Use of biologically active food supplements for menstrual disorders
Authors: Kuznetsova I. V. , Khadzhieva N. Kh.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Gynecological morbidity in adolescents and young women is presented predominantly by functional disorders that do not have a distinct organic substrate and develop as response to stress factors. Objective: to evaluate the response of the menstrual cycle to the cyclic intake of vitamins and plant extracts in adolescents and young women with stress-dependent menstrual disorders. Materials and methods: The observational study included 40 women aged 16–28 years with anovulatory normogonadotropic ovarian dysfunction that clinically manifested as abnormal uterine bleeding (n = 7), oligomenorrhea (n = 29), or amenorrhea (n = 4). The subjects were recommended a 12-week administration of Time Factor vitamin-plant complex as a food supplement. The examination included the assessment of clinical parameters, hormonal blood profile and autonomic balance, ultrasound monitoring before use and in the 3rd cycle of Time-Factor complex administration. Results: the autonomic dysfunction symptoms reversed to an acceptable level in 62.5% of patients, the average score of autonomic dysfunction decreased from 33.8 ± 11.7 to 16.8 ± 3.87 points (p < 0.001) in 12 weeks’ time. The menstrual intervals reduced from 51.2 ± 11.5 to 32.5 ± 16.2 days (p < 0.01) in 65% of women. Ovulation in the final complex administration cycle was reported in 25% of women. Positive dynamics of folliculogenesis, endometrial thickness and hormone levels in plasma were also observed. Conclusion. The use of Time Factor biologically active complex in adolescents and young women with stress-dependent menstrual disorders improves autonomic balance, quality of life and has a positive effect on the menstrual cycle characteristics. The method is effective for oligomenorrhea-type menstrual disorders and should not be used as the only remedy in patients with amenorrhea or abnormal uterine bleeding.
Uterine myoma: new and perspective options for medicinal treatment
Authors: Kareva E. N. , Samoylova Т. Е.
Published: April 2020

The review provides information on the medical treatment of uterine fibroids (MM) in a comparative aspect. MM are one of the most common gynecological diseases requiring surgical intervention in the presence of symptoms. As a drug treatment, gestagens and their combinations with estrogens, which did not demonstrate reliable efficacy, were the first to be proposed. Later, obvious advantages of using GnRH agonists/antagonists that cause the effect of “central” chemical castration were discovered, and therefore their use is limited to 6 months, and they are successfully used to prepare patients for surgery. Recently, non-peptide orally active GnRH receptor antagonists have been proposed that are in the early stages of clinical trials. However, changes in the dosage form and route of administration of drugs that inhibit the activity of GRH do not improve their safety profile. Another breakthrough in MM therapy has been the use of selective progesterone receptor modulators, previously called “antiprogestins.” The drugs of this group have comparable efficacy and better tolerance to AGnRH, which makes the possible long-term treatment of uterine fibroids, especially in premenopausal women, using these drugs.
Differentiated approach to vitamin deficiency prevention at the stages of pregravid preparation and management of pregnancy
Authors: Lisitsyna O. I. , Khilkevich E. G.
Published: April 2020

Adequate balanced nutrition of a woman is one of the most important aspects at the stages of pregravid preparation, during pregnancy and lactation. The needs for vitamins and minerals increase by 20–50% during pregnancy and lactation. Considering that the mother’s body is the only source of vitamins and minerals for the growing and developing fetus, adequate nutrition of the mother becomes one of the underlying determinants of the development period of the child’s health in the future. Particular attention should be paid to the supplement of folates, iodine, iron, omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D. These microelements are critical to the healthy development of the fetus, the prevention of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, premature birth and fetal congenital anomalies. However, the studies show that a significant number of women suffer from shortage of vitamins and minerals during pregravid preparation, pregnancy and lactation. Moreover, a combined deficiency of three or more vitamins is identified in 70–80% of the examined women, regardless of age, region of residence, occupation and season. In cases when a woman fails to achieve an adequate and balanced diet during these periods, vitamin and mineral support helps reduce the risk of pregnancy complications and fetal congenital anomalies. An individual differentiated approach to the prescription of vitamindoimineral complexes for women in these periods is perspective in terms of effective prevention of pregnancy complications and fetal congenital anomalies. The article discusses the principles of adequate vitamin deficiency prevention at the stage of pregravid preparation and at different stages of pregnancy.