bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of revetments on soil bacterial communities in the adjacent tidal urban river-riparian interface
Authors: Jiang Ruiyuan , Man Zihao , Xie Changkun , Liang Anze , Wu Hao , Che Shengquan
Published: June 2023

River-riparian interfaces (RRIs) of urban rivers are where river ecosystems interact with the riparian soil ecosystems. However, with the intensification of urbanization, the construction of various revetments changes the energy exchange process between the river and the RRI, affects the soil properties, and then affects the soil bacterial community composition and structure. In this study, natural (NR), permeable (PR), and impervious revetments (IR) of the same river section were selected. The composition and abundance of soil bacterial communities were detected by PCR amplification technology. The Alpha diversity, Beta diversity, community composition, and environmental factor correlations of bacterial communities were analyzed. The results showed: (1) The dominant bacterial genera of NR, IR, and PR were similar, mainly Anaerolineae, Vicinamibacterales, Ardenticatenales, and Rokubacteriales. There were 504 bacterial genera with the same NR, IR, and PR, accounting for NR, IR, and PR bacterial genera 69.52%, 69.33%, and 62.22% of the total, respectively. (2) Due to the material and energy exchange between soil water and river water and the buffering effect of permeable revetment on frequent river water level changes, the bacterial community richness, community diversity, and lineage diversity of PR are higher than those of NR and IR. (3) SOM, pH, oxygen, and soil nutrients are critical environmental factors that affect the composition and abundance of soil bacterial communities at RRI. The research results provide a theoretical basis for further exploring the impact of urban river revetment on the service function of soil ecosystems at RRI.
Research on Management Index System of Low-Carbon Community Open-space under Dual-Carbon Goal
Authors: Wu Hao , Qin Yifeng , Liang Anze
Published: June 2023

This paper selects the theory of "carbon source, carbon sink and carbon neutralization" witch has high applicability in the "dual-carbon" target theory, to clarify the construction of low-carbon community open space under the "dual-carbon" target. Discuss the realization of low-carbon community open space under this theory, and build the target layer and secondary indicator layer of low-carbon open space construction management indicators based on this theory. Fifty representative indicators related to the open space in low-carbon communities are selected from the eight widely used evaluation index systems in the world. According to the implementation path of the "double carbon" goal of the open space in low-carbon communities, these indicators are divided into six categories: "energy utilization", "resource utilization", "transportation", "carbon pool", "carbon absorption" and "low-carbon community management and culture”. Take the six categories as framework, combined with current condition and research status in China, the relevant indicators of "carbon absorption" are supplemented, and a low-carbon community open space management index system including three first-class indicators, six secondary indicators and twenty-eight tertiary indicators is constructed.
Study on Hydrological Calculation Model of Flood Control in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Chuhe River under the Background of Urbanization
Authors: Hu Jian , Liu Yong , Wang Yan , Chen Zhaoyi , Hu Huangjin
Published: June 2023

The traditional method of hydrology and water conservancy calculation is based on the assumption of natural runoff, while the applicability of method has weakened in the urbanization-affected river basins. The paper carried out research on hydrological calculation model of flood control in the middle and lower reaches of the Chuhe River under the background of urbanization. On the basis of the analysis of flood characteristics in river basins, the hydrological calculation model framework of flood control in the middle and lower reaches of the Chuhe River is constructed, which includes five modules: design rainstorm calculation, runoff calculation, regional flow concentration calculation, river-network confluence calculation and lake-reservoir regulation calculation. The parameters of runoff generation, overland flow concentration, hilly area flow concentration and river-network confluence are determined. Process simulation of the flood water levels and discharges in the middle and lower reaches of the Chuhe River in 1991 and 2008, which are the years with heavy rains, is conducted. The flood simulation of June 1991 shows that the error of water level is -1cm ~ + 8cm, and the error of discharge is +26 m3/s. The flood simulation of August 2008 shows that the error of water level is -8cm ~ + 2cm, and the error of discharge is -9 m3/s. The overall simulation results are relatively stable with all the calculation errors within the allowable range, and the results fit the facts well.
Water quality prediction research based on SSA-LSTM model
Authors: PengJun Ding , GuiLin Li
Published: June 2023

In recent years, due to too much attention to economic development and ignoring the ecological environment, environmental pollution and resource shortage have become increasingly serious, and the protection of water resources is the most important part of ecological protection. Therefore, by establishing relevant prediction models, it is particularly important to predict the trend of various indicators of water bodies in the future based on the data that has been monitored. This paper studies water quality prediction models, aiming to infer the trend of water quality data by mining and analyzing the regularity information hidden behind water quality data. Firstly, a sparrow search algorithm is established to optimize the water quality prediction model of generalized Long Short-Term Memory network (LSTM). Using the global optimization characteristics of the Sparrow Search Optimization Algorithm (SSA), the key parameters can be optimized, and the high-precision approximation ability of the LSTM is combined to establish a water quality prediction model. The experimental results show that the root mean square error of the water quality prediction model of the SSA to optimize the LSTM is 0.0039543 in the training of PH value, which not only has a more stable prediction curve compared with the classical water quality prediction model, but also shows better prediction accuracy in the overall prediction of PH water quality index.
Surface microcosmic structure and dust retention amounts of five evergreen species
Authors: Pu Yu-Ting , Jia Yue-Yu , He Meng-Xuan , Yao Wen-Shuang , Mo Xun-Qiang , Tao Jin-Jing
Published: June 2023

With the acceleration of urbanization, air pollution is getting worse especially during winter, which causes serious threat to people’s health. Large numbers of studies showed that green plants had a significant species on the retention of particulate matters. In view of this, this study selected five evergreen plants to explore the dust retention amounts of PM10, PM2.5, PM1 per unit leaf area and the microstructure of leaf surface. The results showed that: 1. Within the unit leaf area: the dust retention amount (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) of Yucca gloriosa was the highest, followed by Buxus sinica, and that of Ligustrum lucidum, Buxus megistophylla and Phyllostachys propinqua was relatively few. 2. The roughness of the leaf surface, the waxy layer, the stomata protruded, the number of stomata, stomata density, and stomatal opening and closing degree would affect the retention of particulate matter. The results obtained scientific guidance for plants collection in landscape greening with brilliant dust retention ability, and maximized the ecological effect of greening plants to mitigate air pollution.
Expanding the application of lignin peroxidases from Irpex Lacteus in Lignin degradation by exploring the effects of small molecules on enzyme activity
Authors: Li Shouzhi , Chen Yanzhen , Liang Xiaoyu , Ni Zhong , Chen Huayou
Published: June 2023

Lignin peroxidase can degrade lignin in a relatively high efficiency, the highly efficient application of lignin peroxidase for environmental prevention and governance was promoted by exploring the effects of small molecule substances on lignin peroxidase activities. In this study, the lignin peroxidase (LiP) gene from Irpex Lacteus was heterologous expressed in Escherichia coli. The activity of the recombinant LiP was 11.2 U/mg, the optimum temperature was 37℃, and the optimum pH was 3.5. In the range of 20-45℃ and pH 2.0-4.0, the relative enzyme activity remained above 50%, showing good acid resistance, Zn2+, malonic acid, glycerol and other substances can promote the activity of LiP enzyme, among which Zn2+ can increase the activity of LiP enzyme to 256%, and when the glycerol supplemental level is 3%, the activity of LiP enzyme can increase to 186%. This study for the first time verified the promoting effect of glycerol on LiP enzyme activity, serving as a reference for LiP in studies on lignin breakdown and paper wastewater treatment.
Application of Deep-bed Denitrification Filter in Sewage Treatment
Authors: Xu Chuanhua , Ma Tiantian
Published: June 2023

The combined process of A2/O oxidation ditch, high efficiency sedimentation tank and denitrification deep bed filter was adopted in Sewage Treatment Plant of Hefei City to treat municipal domestic sewage. The effluent quality could meet the discharge limit of major water pollutants in urban sewage treatment plants and industrial industries of Chaohu Lake Basin (DB34/2710-2016). In addition to the parameters of design and operation, the effect of SS and deep denitrification was summarized in detail in this paper. The results showed that the combined process SS and denitrification effect was removed very well. The operational results demonstrated SS removal efficiency 74.3%,TN removal efficiency (92.3％) in the biosystem ,in which 80.0％ and 12.3％ of TN in influent were removed in the pre-denitrif ication in oxidation ditch and post-denitrification in deep bed denitrification filter, respectively. The deep bed denitrification filter could be used as the safeguard for effluent TN with the addition of external carbon source to ensure the efficiency of TN less than 5 mg/L.
Experimental design study on the antimicrobial effect of compound herbs on poultry manure fed to ruminants
Authors: Li Yan , Lemiasheuski Viktar
Published: June 2023

In this paper, an experimental scheme based on poultry manure as a feed additive for ruminants along with a compound herbal medicine as a bacterial inhibitor of poultry manure was proposed by implementing linear simulations by polynomial cubic fitting method on today's topical environmental pollution issues of chicken manure and straw. The results of the fitting yielded that the herbal medicine addition at 1% was the best ratio value to effectively inhibit the bacteria of poultry manure and promote the growth of cattle. Therefore, this herbal dosing is effective for feeding ruminants. It also provides a new scientific research method for the application of poultry manure in ruminant feeding today.
Evaluation of the comprehensive efficiency of the interception pipeline in the urban rainwater pipe network for the initial rainwater collection and storage
Authors: Lin Xiaohu , Li Shiyi , Fang Haifeng , Fu Shengjie , Zhang Baohua , Zhou Wenming , Jingcheng Xu Jingcheng , Huang Juwen
Published: June 2023

Urban runoff pollution has become one of the important limiting factors hindering the continuous improvement of water environment. In the process of drainage system reconstruction, the evaluation of interception pipeline for the collection and storage efficiency of initial rainwater is an important work. Therefore, this study uses the analytic hierarchy process to establish an evaluation system and method containing 4 first-level indicators and 10 second-level indicators to evaluate the comprehensive efficiency of the interception pipeline for initial rainwater collection and storage. Taking the interception pipeline in a drainage system in Shanghai as a case study, the established evaluation method was adopted to evaluate it, and the comprehensive indexes under the rainfall return periods of 0.5 year, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years were calculated. The results indicated that the evaluation method could be well applied to the effectiveness evaluation of intercepting pipelines in drainage systems, and could provide technical support for the planning and design of urban runoff pollution control projects in the future.
Superhydrophilic polymer coatings based on PVDF membranes for oil-water separation
Authors: Ding Yuanjing , He Qian , Xia MengSheng , Xu Guangying , Gao Junkai
Published: June 2023

Recently, the excellent anti-pollution performance of superhydrophilic membrane has attracted much attention in the field of wastewater treatment and oil-water separationIn. At present, the widely used commercial membrane materials have good pore structure and mechanical properties, but most of the commercial membranes are hydrophobic, so a simple, environmentally friendly and universal method is urgently needed to change its hydrophobic membrane to superhydrophilic membrane. In this paper, tannic acid (TA, natural plant polyphenols) and polydopamine (PDA) were used to build an anti-stain coating. The synthesized hydrophilic polymer containing polyphenols crosslinks with the base layer through hydrogen bonding, π-π and Michael addition. After the modified PVDF membrane is moistened by water, the superhydrophilic polymer network on the surface binds the water to form a stable hydration layer, showing the superhydrophilic/underwater superhydrophobic properties. The wettability of the modified film in air and water was investigated. The contact Angle of the modified separation membrane prepared in this paper is more than 150°, and the separation efficiency exceeded 98%. The good flux and efficiency can be maintained after 5 cycles, and it is found that the membrane has a certain anti-protein adsorption capacity. The modified membrane has high separation flux and excellent reuse, and has great uses in other ways.
Factors influencing carbon emissions of China’s construction industry: A dynamic analysis based on PVAR model
Authors: Xu Qianyu
Published: June 2023

Analyzing the effect of influencing factors on carbon emissions in the construction industry is significant for carbon emissions reduction. The effect of factors on carbon emissions are dynamic at various stages while the long-term dynamic impact has not been discussed in depth in most of the existing studies. Taking 30 provinces in China as examples, PVAR model is used to study the dynamic impact of influencing factors on carbon emissions. The influencing factors include building construction area, value of unit building area, indirect emissions intensity, carbon emissions per unit energy consumed, energy intensity and total factor productivity. The results indicate that building construction area, value of unit building area and total factor productivity have positive influence on carbon emissions. The long-term effect of building construction area is more significant. Moreover, carbon emissions per unit energy consumed and building construction area is the main factor of main outflow plate and main inflow plate respectively. This study provides recommendations for reducing emissions in the construction industry in provinces with different characteristics in China.
Water quality evaluation of Dahai Lake in Inner Mongolia based on improved Nemero pollution index method and principal component analysis
Authors: Hu Wei , Hao Weigang , Liu Hualin , Wang Wenjun , Jiao Rui
Published: June 2023

In order to evaluate the water quality changes of Dahai Lake in Inner Mongolia, the water quality monitoring data of Dahai Lake from 2008 to 2021 were used as an example, and the improved Nemero pollution index method and the principal component analysis method were used to evaluate the water quality changes of Dahai Lake. The results show that the two evaluation methods of Daihai Lake evaluation of water quality change trend results are basically the same, are able to fully reflect the comprehensive level of water quality pollution, but each evaluation method has disadvantages, the improved Nemero pollution index method can not reflect the contribution of each pollutant, the principal component analysis method can not evaluate the water quality category. Therefore, the combination of two methods, the improved Nemero pollution index method and the principal component analysis method, can complement and support each other's evaluation conclusions, and the evaluation results are more accurate and objective, and can reflect the changes in the water quality of Daihai Lake in a comprehensive manner.
Recovery process of waste ternary battery cathode material
Authors: Liu Weihao , Zhang Wenhua , Miao Yinbao , Wang Shuai , Kang Dongqi , Chen Xianbiao , Liu Jia , Chen Zhe
Published: June 2023

LIBs is a kind of energy storage device, which has the advantages of high energy density, no memory effect, good safety performance, and many cycles; It is widely used in many scientific and technological fields at home and abroad. With the large-scale increase in the use of lithium-ion batteries, the amount of scrap also increased. In order to better realize resource recovery, energy conservation and emission reduction, it is necessary to study a series of new technologies for waste battery recovery; This review mainly introduces the recovery process of the waste cathode material (LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2) of the ternary battery, and carries out the resource recovery. The content describes the three major links of the recycling process. The first link introduces the pretreatment of waste ternary batteries. The second link analyzes the current methods of recycling the cathode materials of waste ternary batteries. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the process of wet recycling is introduced in detail. It is also the most commonly used way of recycling waste batteries at this stage. The last link describes the regeneration process of cathode materials.
Biomass-sourced polymers for pressure-sensitive adhesive applications
Authors: Xu Chen , Shen Yong
Published: June 2023

Pressure-sensitive adhesives are self-adhesive chemical products that have gradually supplanted traditional glues in recent years. Most of the commercially available pressure-sensitive adhesives are derived from petrochemical resources. The increasing attention to environmental protection, coupled with the introduction of stringent regulations and rising oil prices, has led to widespread attention being paid to the development of sustainable pressure-sensitive adhesives from biomass sources. This paper summarizes the biomass-sourced pressure-sensitive adhesives and their modification methods that have been reported in recent years as promising alternatives to petrochemical resources.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Flood Disasters with Different Intensities in Arid-Semiarid Region in Northern Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhang Tao , Wang Yun , Huang Xiuquan , Gong Hanxiang , Chen Baoxin
Published: June 2023

Floods have devastating environmental and socioeconomic consequences. Flood disaster management is critical for the long-term management of water resources and agriculture in arid areas. Using the data on the number of deaths, destroyed homes, collapsed sheds, livestock deaths, and the crops affected area caused` by 1394 regional floods in Northern Xinjiang (As a typical arid-semiarid region of NorthWest China) from 1981 to 2019, the ratio-weight method and the dimensionless linear summation method was used to calculate the actual disaster damage exponent of flood disaster events. The damage exponent is further used to categorize the severity of disaster events into four grades: normal, moderate, severe, and extremely severe. The analysis results indicated that Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture experienced the highest frequency of catastrophic occurrences, while Ili River Valley experienced the highest intensity. The flood happened most often in Wenquan County. And Yining County suffered the worst calamity. The occurrence frequency and intensity of disasters from Grades 1 to 3 exhibited a unimodal distribution, with the majority and most vital occurrences in July, whereas the occurrence frequency and intensity of Grade 4 disasters followed a bimodal distribution, with the most occurrences in July and the strongest in April. The annual frequency of heavy rain and flood disasters in Northern Xinjiang increased by 7.7 times every 10 years, indicating a significant linear increase trend. The yearly occurrences of Grades 1 and 2 also increased linearly, by 5.2 and 2.0 times per decade, respectively. There was no linear tendency to increase or decrease flood disasters in Grades 3 and 4. The analysis and division of actual disaster damage are conducive to flood risk management, efficient prevention, and reducing disaster losses.
Practice of Water Ecological Restoration of Large Urban Eutrophication Lake——A case of study of Donghu Lake, Wuhan
Authors: Hu Shenghua , Shu Feichao , Deng Junwei , Wu Zhongkui , Zhou Changwen , Li Xiaoming
Published: June 2023

Submerged macrophytes are the main components of lake ecosystems, and restoration of submerged macrophyte community is an important part of restoring lake ecosystems. Taking Water Ecological Restoration Projects in Wuhan Donghu Lake as an example, Combined with the current situation of the Donghu Lake environment, the submerged phytoremediation area, the restoration species of each sub-lake and the submerged plant configuration plan were determined. The planting of submerged macrophyte adopts the process of “selecting the area - removing debris and repelling fish ecologically - improving the substrate - setting the line planting”. Since the project was implemented , the submerged macrophyte grow well, the coverage of plants reaches more than 70%, and the transparency can reach more than 120cm, which meets the design requirements basically.
Study on the standard of the four relationships of reservoir and the lower limit of effective reservoir in Nantun Formation of Oilfield A
Authors: Zhou Yalou , Fan Guangjuan , Gao Ang , Zhao Wentong , Dong Ting
Published: June 2023

By using the data of logging, cuttings logging, thin section identification and analysis in the study area to study the four characteristics of the Nantun Formation reservoir and their relationship, the lower limit standard of effective reservoir physical property is established by the logging interpretation model of the reservoir mud content, porosity, permeability and saturation, and the mercury injection method, oil production method, oil test analysis method and cumulative frequency statistics method. The lower limit standard of effective reservoir electrical property is determined by using fluid identification chart. The results show that the lithology of the second member of Nantun Formation is mainly sandy conglomerate, and the first member of Nantun Formation is mainly sandstone, and the sandstone is more developed. The oil content is mainly full of oil, oil spots and oil stains. The reservoir porosity is between 4~20% and permeability is 0.01~100 mD, showing low porosity and low permeability. The lower limit of effective reservoir in Nantun Formation is porosity of 7%, permeability of 0.05mD, sonic time difference of 63μs/ft, density of 2.55 g/cm3 and water saturation of 20%.
Seismic Intelligent Prediction of Thin Interbedded Sand Body--Taking Heidimiao Reservoir in X43 Block as an Example
Authors: Wang Cunsheng , Du Ruishan , Wang Pan , Yin Ruohui
Published: June 2023

The Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin is characterized by delta front subfacies, with a large area of thin channel sand and sheet sand, which is a typical problem of thin interbed identification. In this paper, based on the theoretical basis of seismic sedimentology and artificial intelligence algorithm, the application layer slicing technology and seismic data after 90 ° phase shift processing are used to carry out artificial intelligence prediction of thin interbedded sand bodies, which is in good agreement with wells.
Research on the application of large area 3D geological modeling splicing technology
Authors: Li Yinghong , Zhang Ruigang , Luan Jinhua , Zhang Deju , Li Wei , Zou Donger , Zhang Tingting , Duan Jiahui , Ning Mohuan , Wu Guodai
Published: June 2023

Three-dimensional geological modeling is widely used in the field of geological research. A successful three-dimensional geological model is a three-dimensional anatomy and integration of the study area. Large-scale three-dimensional geological modeling is limited by software performance and technical difficulties. There are disadvantages such as unequal model splicing elements, morphological distortion and attribute incompatibility. Based on the discrete storage method of DepthInsight software, this paper explores the large-area model fusion and splicing technology to deal with various geological conditions, and carries out large-area multi-block model fusion and splicing from the aspects of element type, quantity and attribute. The large-area 3D geological modeling technology scheme of discrete storage and block splicing is realized, which provides a reference for establishing a large-area 3D geological model.
Study on deformation measurement method based on structured light point clouds
Authors: XIAO Weizhong , YUAN Yingtao , GE Zhendong , GUO Xiang , SUO Tao , YU Qifeng
Published: June 2023

For the requirement of structural deformation measurement, a deformation measurement method based on structured light point clouds is proposed. A structured light measurement system is built, and the calibration process based on the assumption of the projector's reverse camera and with the help of the checkerboard calibration board is completed. The pattern projected by the projector is designed by using a four-step phase-shift technique assisted by Gray code. By combining with system parameters which have been calibrated, the three-dimensional reconstruction of the object surface is completed. A structural deformation measurement method based on the statistical analysis of the distance between point clouds is proposed, and the principles of three points cloud distance calculation methods including point-to-point, point-to-surface and surface-to-surface are analyzed. The feasibility and accuracy of the deformation measurement method based on the structured light point cloud proposed in this paper are verified via experiments. Experimental results show that this method can achieve out-plane high-precision displacement measurement of structures.
IgM triplet in neonatal diagnosis by immunoblotting and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for congenital toxoplasmosis
Authors: Peyclit Lucie , Villard Odile , Paris Luc , Fricker-Hidalgo Hélène , Houzé Sandrine , Cimon Bernard , Deleplancque Anne-Sophie , Tournus Céline , Pelloux Hervé , Villena Isabelle , Pomares Christelle , L’Ollivier Coralie
Published: June 2023

Primary infection during pregnancy by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be worrisome because transmission to the fetus may lead to congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). Neonatal diagnosis is usually performed by serological profile comparison of the mother and newborn. As previously reported in 2012 by C. L’Ollivier et al., three IgM bands at 75, 90 and 100 kDa called the “IgM triplet” has caught our attention and seems to be pathognomonic of CT. This retrospective multicenter study involved nine reference laboratories included in the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis network and concerned determining the specificity and sensitivity of this IgM triplet. On this basis, we were able to propose a new read of the comparison of IgG and IgM immunoblot profiles of mother and infant to increase the sensitivity of this diagnostic marker. The effect of the trimester of pregnancy at the time of infection, but also of maternal treatment with pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine/folinic acid on the presence of this IgM triplet in the infant, could be studied. The presence of the triplet appears pathognomonic for the diagnosis of CT, and it increased the sensitivity of the immunoblot assay from 55.04% to 72.48%. As a result, it would be wise to enhance conventional immunoblot reading by adding the presence of the three IgM bands in the infant pattern for neonatal diagnosis of CT.
Update zur Trichinellose
Authors: Hegelmaier Angela , Wendt Sebastian , Lübbert Christoph
Published: June 2023

Bei der Trichinellose handelt es sich um eine in Deutschland selten gewordene, lebensmittelassoziierte, mild bis tödlich verlaufende Zoonose, die durch Rundwürmer der Gattung Trichinella verursacht wird. Die Infektion erfolgt durch Aufnahme von larvenhaltigem rohen bzw. ungenügend durchgegartem Fleisch. Häufige Infektionsquellen in Europa sind insbesondere Wildschwein- bzw. Schweinefleisch – in den letzten Dekaden auch Pferdefleisch. Nach enteraler Freisetzung und Vermehrung wandern die Larven über das Blut-Lymph-System in die quergestreifte Muskulatur ein, wo sie sich verkapseln und über Jahrzehnte persistieren können. Die Symptomatik ist abhängig von der aufgenommenen Erregermenge, der Immunlage des Wirtes und der jeweiligen Parasitenspezies. In der Migrationsphase ist die Trias Fieber, Myalgien und Eosinophilie diagnostisch wegweisend. Die Behandlung erfolgt mit Benzimidazolen und Glukokortikoiden. Die Letalität der unbehandelten Trichinellose liegt bei 1–5 %. Die Erkrankung ist namentlich an das Gesundheitsamt meldepflichtig. Fleischbeschau sowie Verzehr von ausschließlich durchgegarten bzw. zuvor gut durchgefrorenen Fleischerzeugnissen sind wirksame Präventionsmaßnahmen.
Pitpicking bei unkompliziertem Sinus pilonidalis: bereits eine Standardtherapie? Ergebnisse und Langzeitverläufe
Authors: Iesalnieks Igors
Published: June 2023

Minimalinvasive Verfahren werden in der Behandlung des Sinus pilonidalis seit etwa 60 Jahren verwendet, eine breitere Verwendung fanden sie jedoch erst in den letzten 10–15 Jahren. In der
vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Technik und ihre Variationen, die Indikationen, die Alternativen und die Ergebnisse des Pit-Picking-Verfahrens diskutiert.
Eine philosophische Sicht auf die Ergotherapie – Humanisierende Praxis
Authors: Kronenberg Frank
Published: June 2023

Dr. Frank Kronenberg lebt gemeinsam mit seiner Frau Prof. Elelwani Ramugondo und seinen beiden Töchtern in Kapstadt, Südafrika. Elelwani und er sehen ihre Aufgabe unter anderem darin, mit ergotherapeutischer Ausbildung, Forschung und praktischer Tätigkeit dazu beizutragen, dass Südafrika seine lebenswichtigen Bedürfnisse hinsichtlich Heilung und Aufbau der Gesellschaft durch Humanisierung der verwundeten Menschlichkeit erfüllen kann. In seinem Artikel beschreibt er eine neue Sichtweise auf die Ergotherapie und regt damit zum Nachdenken an.
Let’s make the dark side of the moon shine – Dark Side of Occupation
Authors: Kranz Florence
Published: June 2023

Die dunkle Seite von Betätigungen findet in der Ergotherapie und der Occupational Science noch wenig Beachtung, insbesondere in der deutschsprachigen Literatur. Das wollten Anna Westhoff, Katharina van Stephaudt, Laura Schneider und Zoe Poulson ändern. In ihrer Bachelorarbeit befragten sie Ergotherapeut*innen aus Deutschland nach deren Umgang mit diesem Thema. Und stellten verwundert fest, wie schnell ihr eigenes ergotherapeutisches Weltbild ins Wanken gerät.
„Am wichtigsten erscheint mir das Einfühlungsvermögen“ – Angehörige von demenziell erkrankten Personen
Authors: Weiße Dagmar
Published: June 2023

Lorenz Nachtigall* erlebt seit Jahren die fortschreitende Demenz seiner Ehefrau. Wie sich dadurch die Sicht des Ehepaars auf den Alltag und die Welt verändert hat, beschreibt er in seinem Buch „Anna, Alzheimer und ich“. In diesem Interview schildert er den Alltag und die Pflege seiner Frau und gibt damit Impulse, wie man demenziell erkrankte Menschen adäquat begleiten kann.
Bekanntheit und Verbreitung von Patientenverfügungen in
Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Umfrage in der
Allgemeinbevölkerung
Authors: Klemmt Malte , Zehl Franziska , Neuderth Silke , Henking Tanja
Published: June 2023

Mittels einer Patientenverfügung können Personen für den
Fall der Einwilligungsunfähigkeit hinsichtlich zukünftiger
medizinisch-pflegerischer Behandlungsentscheidungen vorsorgen. Es liegen aktuell
keine Daten darüber vor, wie bekannt und verbreitet das Vorsorgedokument
Patientenverfügung in der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland
ist. Ziel der Studie war neben der Erfassung von Bekanntheit und Verbreitung
auch mehr über die Gründe für die (Nicht-)Erstellung und
über die Nutzung von Informations- und Unterstützungsangeboten
zu erfahren. Es wurde eine Online-Befragung einer repräsentativen
Bevölkerungsstichprobe (n=1000) durchgeführt. Die
Datenauswertung erfolgte deskriptiv und mittels Regressionsanalysen. 92%
der Befragten kennen das Instrument der Patientenverfügung, über
37% haben selbst ein solches Dokument erstellt. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit
für die Erstellung einer Patientenverfügung steigt mit
zunehmenden Alter. Die Gründe für die (Nicht-)Erstellung einer
Patientenverfügung sind heterogen. Fast zwei Drittel aller Befragten
haben sich bereits zum Thema informiert, dies geschah vorwiegend im Internet.
Die Mehrheit der Befragten nimmt bzw. nahm keine Unterstützung bei der
Erstellung der Patientenverfügung wahr. Die Ergebnisse liefern
Anhaltspunkte für die Anpassung von Informations- und
Unterstützungsangeboten.
Ärztliche Tätigkeit auf der Antarktisstation „Princess Elisabeth“
Authors: Weith Barbara , Leitl Martin
Published: June 2023

Die belgische Antarktisstation „Princess Elisabeth“ ist eine der neueren Forschungsstationen auf dem antarktischen Kontinent, genauer gesagt auf dem Gebiet Dronning Maud Land in der Ostantarktis. Die Station wird im antarktischen Sommer, von November bis Februar betrieben, wobei für die 20–40 Teilnehmer der Antarktisexpedition auch jeweils ein Arzt benötigt wird. Die Ärztin Dr. med. Barbara Weith und der Arzt und Bergführer Dr. med. Martin Leitl berichten von ihrer Tätigkeit.
Die Sattellage beim Pferd – Tastbare Knochenpunkte und
wachstumsbedingte Veränderungen
Authors: Rümens Dagmar
Published: June 2023

Ein für Pferde und Reiter unpassender Sattel führt zu
Störungen im Bewegungsablauf von Pferd und Reiter. Die Kenntnis der
tastbaren Knochenpunkte und der Muskulatur ist wichtig im Hinblick auf die
korrekte Lage des Sattels. Dieser Artikel widmet sich den für die
Sattelanpassung relevanten Referenzpunkten: Welche Knochenpunkte begrenzen die
Sattellage, wie palpiert und interpretiert man diese? Anschließend
werden die im Verlauf des Pferdelebens auftretenden Veränderungen der
Sattellage beschrieben.
Scalable, Stereocontrolled, Total Synthesis of Carolacton
Authors: Yu Xiao-Ming , Bian Chuan-Cai , Li Yong-Qiang , Yang Hao-ran
Published: June 2023

A route for the scalable, stereocontrolled, total synthesis of carolacton is presented starting from commercially available S-Roche ester, d-ribose, and a known allylic alcohol. Key transformations in the total synthesis include a [3,3]-Claisen rearrangement, Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation–methyl ring-opening, or Leighton asymmetric crotylation, Evans aldol–reductive deoxygenation, and ring closing metathesis (RCM). The total synthesis of carolacton (151 mg isolated, 9.2% overall yield) was completed in 23 linear steps. Additionally, 56 mg of the carolacton C15–C16 cis-olefin isomer was obtained.
Paving the way to more sustainable cement products
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: June 2023

Rheological study constructs a non-equilibrium thermodynamic model of cement paste.
Field-effect bulk mobilities in polymer semiconductor films measured by sourcemeters
Authors: Qin Zongze , Han Songyu , Li Dongfan , Zhai Chenyang , Lu Wanlong , Wei Peng , Zhu Yuanwei , Hu Zhen , Bu Laju , Lu Guanghao
Published: June 2023

Semiconducting polymers inherently exhibit polydispersity in terms of molecular structure and microscopic morphology, which often results in a broad distribution of energy levels for localized electronic states. Therefore, the bulk charge mobility strongly depends on the free charge density. In this study, we propose a method to measure the charge-density-dependent bulk mobility of conjugated polymer films with widely spread localized states using a conventional field-effect transistor configuration. The gate-induced variation of bulk charge density typically ranges within ±1018 cm−3; however, this range depends significantly on the energetic dispersion width of localized states. The field-effect bulk mobility and field-effect mobility near the semiconductor–dielectric interface along with their dependence on charge density can be simultaneously extracted from the transistor characteristics using various gate voltage ranges.
A data-driven reduced-order model based on long short-term memory neural network for vortex-induced vibrations of a circular cylinder
Authors: Nazvanova Anastasiia , Ong Muk Chen
Published: June 2023

A data-driven reduced-order model (ROM) based on long short-term memory neural network (LSTM-NN) for the prediction of the flow past a circular cylinder undergoing two-degree-of-freedom vortex-induced vibration in the upper transition Reynolds number regime with different reduced velocities is developed. The proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique is utilized to project the high-dimensional spatiotemporal flow data generated by solving the two-dimensional (2D) unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) equations to a low-dimensional subspace. The LSTM-NN is applied to predict the evolution of the POD temporal coefficients and streamwise and cross-flow velocities and displacements of the cylinder based on the low-dimensional representation of the flow data. This model is referred to as POD-LSTM-NN. In addition, the force partitioning method (FPM) is implemented to capture the hydrodynamic forces acting on the cylinder using the surrounding flow field predicted by the POD-LSTM-NN ROM and the predicted time histories of the lift and drag forces are compared with the numerical simulations.
Asymptotic step-like solutions of the singularly perturbed Burgers equation
Authors: Samoilenko V. , Samoilenko Yu. , Zappale E.
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with a problem of asymptotic step-like solutions of the Burgers equation with variable coefficients and a small parameter. By means of the nonlinear Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin method, the algorithm of constructing these asymptotic solutions is proposed and statements on justification of the algorithm are proved. The obtained results are illustrated by an example, for which the first asymptotic step-like approximation is explicitly found. The asymptotic solution is global and has a form of the shock wave type function. There are also given graphs of these approximate solutions for certain numerical parameters.
Understanding remarkably high triplet quantum yield in thione analogs of perylenediimide: A detailed theoretical study
Authors: Ahmed Raka , Manna Arun K.
Published: June 2023

The diverse and tunable electronic structures of perylenediimide (PDI), together with its high thermal and chemical stability, make the compound suitable for applications in bioimaging, electrical, and optical devices. However, a large singlet–triplet gap (ΔES–T) and almost zero spin–orbit coupling (SOC) between the lowest excited singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) restrict intersystem crossing (ISC) in highly fluorescent pristine PDI, yielding a near zero triplet quantum yield (ΦT). Interestingly, a thione analogs of PDI with varied S content (mS-PDIs, m = 1–4) was experimentally shown to yield ΦT ∼ 1.0 through efficient ISC. Time-dependent optimally-tuned range-separated hybrid calculations are performed to rationalize the experimentally observed red-shifted optical absorption and also the remarkably high ISC with almost zero radiative fluorescence reported for these mS-PDIs. To this end, the relative energies of low-lying excited singlets Sn (n = 1, 2) and a few triplets Tn(n = 1–3), along with their nature (nπ* or ππ*), are assessed for each of the mS-PDIs studied in chloroform. To our surprise and contrary to the earlier reports, both S1 and T1 are found to be of the same ππ* character, originating from the highest occupied to lowest unoccupied orbital transition, which, therefore, leads to a still large ΔES–T and vanishingly small SOC, as expected from the identical wavefunction symmetry. Increasing S content lowers S1(ππ*) due to a greater extent of π-delocalization, which well complements and supports the observed red-shift. More importantly, the T2 (or T3) closely lying to the S1 is of nπ* and, therefore, produces a relatively smaller ΔES–T and larger SOC. Detailed kinetics analysis suggests S1(ππ*) → T2(nπ*) is the primary ISC channel for all mS-PDIs, which is responsible for the remarkably high ΦT observed. In addition, comparable SOC and ΔES–T produce similar ISC rates for all mS-PDIs.
Evaporation-driven gravitational instability in the liquid layer of a polymer solution: Theoretical and numerical studies
Authors: Fuller Gerald. G.
Published: June 2023

The drying of the thin liquid film of polymer solution is a complex process accompanying instabilities induced by concentration gradients that develop during the evaporation. This study investigates evaporation-driven gravitational instabilities (Rayleigh–Taylor instability) in the thin liquid film of a polymer solution based on theoretical and numerical analyses, specifically focusing on the onset of instability at the early stage of the drying process. Evaporation-driven convection is taken into account by employing a dynamic moving boundary condition and concentration-dependent material functions (dynamic viscosity and diffusivity). A theoretical analysis predicts the onset of gravitational instability (τc), showing good agreement with the results of a numerical simulation analysis (τd), suggesting scaling relationships between the onset of instability and the initial concentration (Ci), τc∼Ci−1/2, for a slow evaporation rate and dilute concentration range, which rapidly increases with an increase in the concentration due to an instability-retardation effect. A nonlinear two-dimensional numerical simulation visualizes the development of a polymer-dense layer, pluming, and a convection–diffusion flow throughout the liquid film under transient evaporation. The concentration-gradient-driven convection–diffusion flow enhances the gravitational instability and pluming further at higher frequencies. Meanwhile, for a polymer solution with high viscosity, viscosity thickening delays the onset of instability, retarding the development of instability. This study provides a fundamental understanding of the mechanism behind how convective instability develops in a drying polymer solution during evaporation and information on how to develop pluming of a polymer-dense skin layer at early stages of drying of a polymer solution film. The findings suggest that the proper control of hydrodynamic instability induced by a concentration gradient in a thin polymer solution film is important to prevent or enhance the formation of a convection pattern in the thin polymer film.
Domain wall saddle point morphology in ferroelectric triglycine sulfate
Authors: McCluskey C. J. , Kumar A. , Gruverman A. , Luk'yanchuk I. , Gregg J. M.
Published: June 2023

Ferroelectric domain walls, across which there is a divergence in polarization, usually have enhanced electrical conductivity relative to bulk. However, in lead germanate, head-to-head and tail-to-tail walls are electrically insulating. Recent studies have shown that this is because, when oppositely oriented domains meet, polar divergence is obviated by a combination of domain bifurcation and suspected local dipolar rotation. To explore the uniqueness, or otherwise, of this microstructure, we have used tomographic piezoresponse force microscopy to map three-dimensional domain morphologies in another uniaxial ferroelectric system: triglycine sulfate. This mapping reveals an abundance of domain wall saddle points, which are characteristic of interlocking bifurcated domains. Conducting atomic force microscopy, performed close to the saddle points, showed no evidence for highly localized conducting domain wall sections, across which a divergence in polarization might be implied; this supports the notion that localized dipolar rotation occurs to minimize any potential polar discontinuity. Overall, our study, therefore, confirms that mutual domain bifurcation and suspected local dipolar rotation are not unique to lead germanate and instead may be widely present in other uniaxial ferroelectrics.
On the thixotropy of mature fine tailings
Authors: Malmir Amir , Piette Jourdain H. , Derakhshandeh Babak , Sztukowski Danuta , Hatzikiriakos Savvas G.
Published: June 2023

The rheological behavior of mature fine tailings (MFTs) is investigated using transient and steady shear flow fields. The structure breakdown of intact MFT samples is examined by a startup flow experiment at various shear rates. The yield stress of MFTs is estimated by the steady shear stress values at low shear rates. Oscillatory shear (strain amplitude sweep) is also used to verify the obtained yield stress value. MFT samples exhibit thixotropy and a positive hysteresis loop at short shearing time intervals in increasing and decreasing stepwise shear rate tests. The observed hysteresis loops and thixotropy disappear by increasing the shearing time intervals, as the system reaches its equilibrium steady-state structure. The time-dependent rheological behavior of MFTs is quantified by a structural kinetics model through the dimensionless structure parameter, λ. [Toorman, “Modelling the thixotropic behaviour of dense cohesive sediment suspensions,” Rheol. Acta 36, 56–65 (1997).] The kinetic parameters are estimated based on steady-state stresses, elucidating the relative effects of shear rate and Brownian motion on buildup and breakdown of the structure. The flow behavior of MFTs predicted by the structural kinetics model is in agreement with the experimental data.
Control of magnon–photon coupling by a direct current in a Py/Pt-superconducting cavity hybrid system
Authors: Zhao Yue , Wang Ledong , Han Xiang , Tian Yufeng , Yan Shishen , Guo Qingjie , Zhai Ya , Bai Lihui
Published: June 2023

In this work, using a Permalloy film and a superconducting cavity, we highlight the unique dispersion in the microwave transmission properties of the magnon–photon coupled system in the Purcell regime, in which the modulation of the coupled system can be achieved by varying the magnon dissipation rate. It is demonstrated that decreasing the magnon dissipation rate can lead to an enhancement in magnon–photon coupling. By applying a direct current into the Permalloy/platinum bilayer, we achieve modulation of the coupling in the Purcell regime. The magnon–photon coupling is enhanced with the increasing current, which is related to the decrease in the magnon dissipation rate due to the thermal effect of the current. In addition, we establish an approach to obtain the coupling strength from the coupled microwave photon dispersion and linewidth. The electrical control of the Permalloy-superconducting cavity coupled system will play an important role in manipulating integrated hybrid magnon–photon devices.