bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary Production of Aluminium and Its Alloys in Molten Salts with Oxygen Evolving Anodes: Overview
Authors: Padamata Sai Krishna Krishna , Singh Kamaljeet , Haarberg Geir Martin , Saevarsdottir Gudrun
Published: September 2022

Due to environmental and economic concerns, carbon-free aluminium production has been an ultimate target for aluminium industries. For the last few decades, a considerable amount of research has been conducted to find a suitable inert anode that could replace the consumable carbon anodes for aluminium electrolysis. Material types such as metals, ceramics and cermets have been studied extensively. All the anode materials have their advantages and disadvantages. However, metallic alloys have been considered attractive anode material candidates due to their high electrical conductivity, thermal stability and easy fabrication and machining properties. For a successful adaptation of metallic anodes into the aluminium electrolysis cell, an electrolyte with a low-operating temperature and high alumina solubility is required. Another significant component of the carbon-free aluminium electrolysis cell is a wettable cathode. This overview discusses the research progress on inert anodes, wettable cathodes and electrolytes.
(Digital Presentation) An Electrochemical Sensor in a Disc for Real-Time PCR Assisted with Thermal Convective Flow
Authors: Romero-Soto Fabian Oswaldo , Aeinehvand Mohammad Mahdi , Madou Marc , Martinez-Chapa Sergio Omar
Published: September 2022

Multiple microfluidic devices incorporating real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the quantification of DNA targets have been reported. They show features such as fast analysis time, reduced reagent consumption, and portability. Integration of real-time PCR in a centrifugal microfluidic disc has been also proposed due to the ease of automation and parallelization of microfluidic operations. Previously, it has been demonstrated the implementation of thermal convective PCR (TC-PCR) in a CD using a ring-structured microchannel. In this case, the microchannel is supplied with the temperature necessary to perform the complete thermal cycle: Denaturation, annealing, and extension. The flow generated by thermal convection, in combination with the centrifugal force moves the sample through the entire microchannel due to the difference in densities. In this work, we present the implementation in a CD of an electrochemical sensor combined with TC-PCR to quantify the amplification yield in real-time. We present advances related to the calibration of the electrochemical sensor, and the implementation of the TC-PCR in a CD as well as a preliminary simulation in COMSOL.
(Digital Presentation) Rapid Electrical Impedance Analysis to Identify Liquid Isomers Using Nanoparticle Thin Film
Authors: Kano Shinya , Mekaru Harutaka
Published: September 2022

A rapid noncontact analysis method to identify liquid isomers using an insulating nanoparticle thin film is outlined in this study. Rapid electrical analysis of chemical liquids is a promising technique for on-site evaluation. A silica nanoparticle thin film is utilized as a sensing layer. Headspace vapor from the liquid is condensed in the nanoscale void between nanoparticles, and an ionic conduction through the condensed vapor occurs under the application of AC voltage. The transient response of the electrical impedance depends on the vapor pressure and conductivity of the liquid isomers. A chemical liquid of structural isomers was identified by monitoring the impedance during exposure to its headspace vapor. The response time of the film impedance was 10.6, 4.7, 7.5, and 2.4 s, in 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, and tert-butyl alcohol, respectively. The isomer recovery time after the exposure to ambient air was less than 2 s for all samples. It is feasible to identify polar chemical liquids rapidly by combining this sensing mechanism and machine learning models in the future.
Charge Compensation Mechanism and Multifunctional Properties of Bi1−xBaxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) Ceramics
Authors: Sasmal Abhishek , Sen Shrabanee
Published: September 2022

The charge compensation mechanism of Ba2+ ion doped BiFeO3 (BFO) has been studied here in detail. The most common problem of high leakage current of ceramic BFO was noticeably resolved by significant reduction of charge defects through Ba2+ doping. The leakage current density of Bi1-xBaxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) was found to be reduced to ∼3.13 × 10−8 A cm−2 for x = 0.1 from a value of 2.26 × 10−4 A cm−2 for x = 0 at an applied field of 500 V cm−1. This reduction of leakage current was caused by the reduction of charge defects which was verified through the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of undoped and Ba2+ doped BFO were also studied here explicitly and correlated with charge compensation mechanism. The structural and vibrational characterization proved the phase pure formation and the presence of metal-oxide bonds. The optical characterization showed the reduction in energy band gap with increased Ba2+ doping in BFO (2.18, 1.71 and 1.56 eV for x = 0, 0.05 and 0.1, respectively). Another common problem of BFO, namely low remanent magnetization, was also significantly resolved through Ba2+ doping in it and the strong antiferromagnetic BFO started showing weak ferromagnetic nature with increased doping concentration.
Effect of Fine Structures Formed by Nanoimprinting Using Anodic Porous Alumina Mold on Surface Hydrophobicity
Authors: Yanagishita Takashi , Murakoshi Kaito , Masuda Hideki
Published: September 2022

A surface with a simple nanopillar array and hierarchical micro-/nano structures consisting of microconvexes and a surface with a nanopillar array were fabricated by nanoimprinting using two types of anodic porous alumina mold. On both surfaces, the height of polymer nanopillars could be controlled by adjusting the anodization time for the preparation of the anodic porous alumina mold. Regarding water-repellent properties, a higher contact angle was observed on the surface with a hierarchical structure than on the surface with a simple nanopillar array. In the measurement of the water droplet sliding angle, the surface with a hierarchical structure showed higher performance characteristics than the surface with a simple nanopillar array. This is because the surface with a hierarchical structure can more easily trap air between the substrate surface and the water droplet than the surface with a simple nanopillar array. The hierarchical micro-/nano structures could be prepared repeatedly by nanoimprinting using a single mold. The method developed here for preparing a superhydrophobic surface is used for various applications, such as those requiring superhydrophobic surfaces with sliding angles.
Fe@Fe3C Core-Shell Nanoparticles Embedded in Polyvinyl Alcohol-Derived Porous Carbon toward Light and High-Performance Microwave Absorption
Authors: Liu Zixuan , Zhang Lujie , Zhao Yehao , Bi Xinran , Cai Wenjun , Tan Liwen , Liu Yao , Liu Dong , Zhang Zidong
Published: September 2022

High-performance microwave absorbents play a key role in information technology field. In this work, excellent microwave absorption property was achieved via embedded Fe@Fe3C core–shell nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol-derived porous carbon matrix. The results indicate that the microwave absorption performance will be greatly enhanced due to the interface between the nanoparticles and matrix, as well as the core–shell and porous structure, increase the energy consumption capacity via dipole polarization, interface loss and the multiple reflection/scattering. The maximum reflection loss (RLmax) reaches −56.88 dB at 11.3 GHz with the thickness of 2.11 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL<−10 dB) can get up to 5.2 GHz (from 12.9 to 18 GHz) with the thickness of 1.64 mm. Moreover, due to the low density of the porous carbon matrix, the total weight of the absorbents can be greatly induced, which provides an efficient way for lightweight and high-performance microwave absorption materials design.
Asymptotic Behavior of the Kirchhoff Type Stochastic Plate Equation on Unbounded Domains
Authors: Yao Xiaobin , Zhang Zhang
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions to the Kirchhoff type stochastic plate equation driven by additive noise defined on unbounded domains. We first prove the uniform estimates of solutions and then establish the existence and upper semicontinuity of random attractors.
Research Overview on Edge Detection Algorithms Based on Deep Learning and Image Fusion
Authors: Tian Bin , Wei Wei
Published: September 2022

Edge detection is a boundary-based segmentation method to extract important information from an image, and it is a research hotspot in the fields of computer vision and image analysis. Especially feature extraction is also the basis of image segmentation, target detection, and recognition. In recent years, in order to solve the problems of edge detection refinement and low detection accuracy, the industry has proposed multiscale fusion wavelet edge, spectral clustering, network reconstruction, and other edge detection algorithms based on deep learning. In order to enable researchers to understand the current research status of edge detection, this paper first introduces the classic algorithm of traditional edge detection, compare with advantages and disadvantages of different edge detection algorithms. Then, it summarizes the main edge detection methods based on deep learning in recent years and classifies and compares them according to the implementation technology. Finally, it shows the development direction of edge detection algorithm research.
Vibration Reduction Performance of Structures with Viscous Dampers under Near‐Field Earthquakes
Authors: Lin Jianguang
Published: September 2022

Near‐field pulse‐type ground motions (NPGMs) are characterized by a high‐energy pulse with large peak ground velocities and accelerations and need further studies to confirm whether structures with viscous dampers (VDs) are still applicable and effective for this type of ground motions. In this article, the vibration reduction performance of structures with VDs under near‐field earthquakes is investigated systematically. Displacement and acceleration spectra are developed for a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) structure with and without VDs, while these influence factors, such as the nonlinear characteristic of structure, damper supports’ flexibility, and damper parameters, are considered. Additionally, the frequency domain characteristics of NPGM and the energy distribution of a multidegree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) structure with VDs are discussed to further reveal the action mechanism of NPGM on the structure. It is shown that the structure with VDs shows remarkable seismic reduction effect under the action of near‐fault pulse‐type earthquake, and the maximum interstorey drift decreased from 0.086 to 0.037 when the structure is equipped with VDs. However, the structure may still be difficult to completely dissipate the high‐energy generated by the earthquake pulse with a high pulse period in a short time, which can cause the structure to be damaged or even collapsed in a moment.
Seismic Performance and Vibration Control of Rapid Construction Environmental Protection Wall Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Fu Jie , Zhou Shuangxi , Liu Li , Liu Mingxing
Published: September 2022

With the continuous increase in building types, people's demand for buildings is increasing. In addition to focusing on the work of the building itself, high requirements are also placed on the safety, stability, and durability of the building. Especially in other earthquake-prone areas, it is even more necessary to strengthen seismic isolation research to reduce vibration. Rapid construction of environmental protection walls pays attention to environmental protection and efficiency during construction, which can effectively solve problems in the construction process, but the seismic resistance of rapid construction environmental protection walls is unknown. Therefore, this paper used artificial intelligence technology to study the seismic performance of rapid construction environmental protection walls and analyzed its vibration control. This paper firstly established the seismic performance analysis model of the environmental protection wall, used the finite element method to construct the environmental protection wall model, and then used the artificial intelligence algorithm to analyze the seismic performance of the rapid construction environmental protection wall. The experimental results showed that the peak load of the rapid construction environmental protection wall was about 250 KN, and the seismic performance was good.
Analysis of the Impact of Change Propagation within Complex Product Modules
Authors: Xiang Ying , Wei Zhenxing , Xu Tianhang
Published: September 2022

Based on the design structure matrix, the changing dependency analysis method is used to study the law of change propagation between parts in the process of product change, in view of the complexity of the product structure and the strong correlation between parts. First, the product components are divided into different modules according to different requirements, and a design structure matrix with weights is established according to the change dependencies between the components within the modules; then, a part changes propagation network is established to analyze the change dependency degree between parts and the influence of the part propagation mode on change propagation and to analyze the possible change propagation impact of part changes. The feasibility and rationality of the method are verified using the frame module as an example. The experimental results show that the method is effective in predicting the changing risk of a part and analyzing the change propagation impact arising from a part change.
Essential Oil from Hibiscus Flowers through Advanced Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation and Conventional Hydrodistillation
Authors: Rassem Hesham H. A. , Nour Abdurahman H. , Ali Gomaa A.M. , Masood Najat , Al-Bagawi Amal H. , Alanazi Tahani Y. A. , Magam Sami , Assiri Mohammed A.
Published: September 2022

Due to the increased demand and importance of essential oils in medicinal applications, advanced essential oil extraction techniques have been employed. Both conventional hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) were employed to extract the essential oils from the hibiscus flower. Extraction time and solvent polarity were the most critical factors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the surface morphologies of raw powdered hibiscus flowers (not exposed to any pretreatment) and pretreated powdered hibiscus flowers (exposed to methanol absorption for 60 minutes prior to extraction). Extractive chemistry analysis utilizing Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed on the volatile oil obtained by MAHD. Different peaks in the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis indicated the presence of thirty-seven different compositions. MAHD was more energy efficient, had higher yield production, and was environmentally friendly, reducing HD’s overall carbon footprint by 40%. Oxygenated monoterpene, sesquiterpene, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were found in the hibiscus flower’s crude extract. Moreover, the methanolic extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has potent antioxidant properties. A hibiscus flower extract had scavenging activities of 51.2% at 0.2 mg/mL, 0.3% at 0.6 mg/mL, 0.8% at 1.0 mg/mL, and 68.5% at 1.2 mg/mL against DPPH free radicals. Therefore, the MAHD method is well-suited to extracting essential oils from hibiscus flowers, and the resulting oil has the potential to provide significant therapeutic advantages.
Comparing Soil Erosion Rates on Terraced and Sloping Cultivated Land in Palestine Using FRN 137Cs Trace
Authors: Houshia Orwa , Benmansour Moncef , Mabit Lionel , Fulajtár Emil , Abu-Jabal Saber , Hroub Ismail , Odeh Rafat
Published: September 2022

Soil erosion is a serious problem in Palestine. It is enhanced mainly by poor farming practices used in upland agricultural areas occupying the Central Highland of Palestine. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of terracing on soil erosion and deposition rates in the Al-Yamoun area (the Northern West Bank) using the fallout radionuclides cesium -137 (FRN 137Cs). The FRN 137Cs technique, which has proved its efficiency in estimating erosion rates over the last 50–60 years, was used for the first time in Palestine to measure rates of erosion and deposition. The activity of 137Cs was measured by gamma spectrometry using an HPGe detector. For the reference site, the 137Cs inventories ranged between 2499 and 4086 Bq/m2. The average value of the reference site is 3315 ± 410 Bq/m2, which corresponds to a coefficient of variance of 12%, suggesting that the reference site is well representative for estimating 137Cs fallout. This 137Cs amount is too high for bomb-derived fallout and indicates that a significant part of the deposition is from the Chernobyl accident. The 137Cs inventories at both studied sites (terrace site and foot slope site) are significantly lower than those of the reference site. For the terrace site, the inventories are found between 1707 and 2749 Bq/m2, while for the slope site they are between 1050 and 2617 Bq/m2. The lower 137Cs values at both studied sites than values at the reference site indicate that the entire areas of both study sites are eroded and no depositional activity occurs.
Segmentation of Breast Tubules in H&E Images Based on a DKS‐DoubleU‐Net Model
Authors: Chen Yuli , Zhou Yao , Chen Guoping , Guo Yuchuan , Lv Yanquan , Ma Miao , Pei Zhao , Sun Zengguo
Published: September 2022

The formation of breast tubules plays an important role in the pathological grading of breast cancer. Breast tubules surrounded by a large number of epithelial cells are located in the subcutaneous tissue of the chest. The shapes of breast tubules are various, including tubular, round, and oval, which makes the process of breast tubule segmentation a difficult task. Deep learning technology, capable of learning complex data structures via efficient representation, could help pathologists accurately detect breast tubules in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained images. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model named DKS‐DoubleU‐Net to accurately segment breast tubules with complex appearances in H&E images. The proposed DKS‐DoubleU‐Net model suggests using a DenseNet module as the encoder of the second subnetwork of DoubleU‐Net, which utilizes dense features between layers and strengthens the propagation of features extracted in all previous layers, in order to better discover the intrinsic characteristics of breast tubules with complex structures and diverse shapes. Moreover, a feature fusing module called Kernel Selecting Module (KSM) is inserted before each output layer of the two U‐Net branches of the DoubleU‐Net, to implement a multiscale feature fusion via a self‐adaptive kernel selecting for the sake of accurate segmentation of breast tubules in different sizes. The experiments on the public BRACS dataset and a private clinical dataset have shown that our model achieves better segmentation performance, compared to the state‐of‐art models of U‐Net, DoubleU‐Net, ResUnet++, HRNet, and DeepLabV3+. Specifically, on the public BRACS dataset, our method produced an F1‐Score of 92.98%, which outperforms the F1‐Score of U‐Net, DoubleU‐Net, and HRNet by 4.24%, 0.37%, and 1.68%, respectively, and is much better than performances of DeepLabV3+ and ResUnet++ by 7.83% and 23.84%, respectively. On the private clinic dataset, the proposed model achieved an F1‐Score of 73.13%, which has shown an improvement of 10.31%, 1.89%, 4.88%, 15.47%, and 31.1% to the performances of the U‐Net, DoubleU‐Net, HRNet, DeepLabV3+, and ResUnet++, respectively. Superior performance could also be observed when comparing the proposed DKS‐DoubleU‐Net with the others using the metrics of Dice and mIou.
BDA of the Dissemination of Opera in the Internet Self-Media Environment
Authors: Xie Xiaodi
Published: September 2022

With the advent of the era of big data, the TV media industry has begun a new round of survival of the fittest. Some new and original traditional cultural TV programs have successfully attracted the attention of the audience, but some programs have lost the impact of the big data environment and are facing the crisis of revision or suspension. Based on the background of big data and from the macro perspective of society, this article made a specific description and objective analysis of the concept, characteristics, and real development of opera communication and proposed an understanding. On this basis, through the analysis of actual cases and data, combined with the dissemination of opera and the new and original traditional cultural TV programs in recent years, this article analyzed the impact of big data on the dissemination of opera and further explored the survival state of opera dissemination in the context of the era of big data, and the experiment was to crawl the data of 10 traditional Chinese opera categories in the Shipin Opera Network through web crawler. It was sorted according to the amount of play, the top 10 songs of each genre and their play volume were selected, and then the Internet correlation between the genres was quantified. And a big data analysis of the traditional opera program “Liyuanchun” was carried out. The experimental results showed that the show was broadcast 65,984 times a day, the highest broadcast volume in a week. At the same time, according to the big data analysis of users of self-media opera dissemination, the majority of the audiences had a high school or technical secondary school education, which accounted for 27%, followed by junior high school, which accounted for 18.7%. It can be seen that the current Chinese traditional culture TV programs have a good development trend and a lot of room for development.
Colectomy Complicated by High-Output Ileostomy Managed in a Virtual Hybrid Hospital-at-Home Program
Authors: Paulson Margaret R. , Maita Karla , Avila Francisco R. , Torres-Guzman Ricardo A. , Garcia John P. , Eldaly Abdullah , Forte Antonio J. , Maniaci Michael J.
Published: September 2022

Chronically ill patients with superimposed acute illness requiring hospitalization are more likely to develop an extended length of stay, hospital-acquired infections, and adverse events throughout their hospitalization. An excellent alternative to managing this population of patients in the traditional bricks-and-mortal (BAM) hospital is the hospital-at-home (HaH) model. The Advanced Care at Home (ACH) program is Mayo Clinic’s HaH model that provides acute and postacute care to high-acuity patients in their homes rather than in the traditional hospital and skilled nursing facility. We report a case of postoperative care through the ACH program of a patient suffering from short gut syndrome, high-output ileostomy, and severe protein-calorie malnutrition in the setting of previously diagnosed triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the right breast complicated by lung and brain metastasis. The patient had multiple complications that required repeated scare escalations directed by a multidisciplinary virtual care. Despite these complications, the ACH model of care was able to keep the patient in the home setting the majority of the time, limiting BAM hospital days, and eliminating the need to use the emergency department for acute escalation for 3 months. The patient was able to recover during this time period and proceed to successful take-down of the ileostomy. This case highlights the benefits of the ACH program by offering high-acuity hospital-level care to severely ill patients in the comfort of their homes. Highly qualified providers paired with curated technology in the home allowed for prompt identification of patient decompensation and timely initiation of treatment while avoiding institutionalization.
Effects of Glacier and Geomorphology on the Mechanism Difference of Glacier‐Related Debris Flow on the South and North Banks of Parlung Zangbo River, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Liu Jiankang , Li Yuanling , Wang Junchao , Chen Long , Gao Bo
Published: September 2022

Alpine glaciers are vulnerable to climate changes, and their recession due to warming has already induced a large number of geohazards closely related to the glacial motion, such as debris flow. Strong coupling of the geology, geomorphology, climate, and glacial action controls the type, size, development, and frequency of debris flow along the Parlung Zangbo River, Southeastern (SE) Tibetan Plateau. Field investigation in recent years indicates that the north bank is prone to much more frequenter debris flows than the south bank. The sharp contrast between the two river banks is due to the different formation conditions of debris flows, especially glaciers and geomorphology. The present paper examines the differences in the glacier and geomorphology conditions for glacier‐related debris flows to occur, through a combination of field investigation, interviews with local residents, and geomorphological parameter, and glacier distribution analysis in the ArcGIS platform. The result indicates that, compared to the south bank of the Parlung River, the north bank has more favorable conditions in the glacier and geomorphology south, which is more conducive to the occurrence of debris flow. In conclusion, three kinds of mechanisms due to different formation conditions, especially glacier and geomorphology, are analyzed. The glacier‐related debris flows on the south and north banks occur through different mechanisms due to different formation conditions. The debris flows on the north bank primarily occur in modes I and III, while the south bank is dominated by modes II and III debris flows. Based on the result, effective measures are proposed for mitigating damage to roads and railways within this area.
A Novel Maximum Flow Algorithm with Neural Network for Time-Varying Wastage Networks
Authors: Zhang Baowen , Jiang Kaiwen , Huang Wei
Published: September 2022

This paper introduces a time-varying wastage maximum flow problem (TWMFP) and proposes a time-flow neural network (TFNN) for solving the TWMFPs. The time-varying wastage maximum flow problem is concerned with finding the maximum flow in a network with time-varying arc capacities and additive flow losses on the arcs. This problem has multiple applications in transportation, communication, and financial network. For example, solving the maximum traffic flow of the transportation network and the maximum profit of the financial network. Unlike traditional neural network algorithms, the proposed TFNN does not require any training by means of its time-flow mechanism. The time-flow mechanism is realized by each active neuron sending pulses to its successor neurons. In order to maximize the network flow, the proposed TFNN can be divided into two parts: path-pulse neural networks (PPNNs) and subnet-flow neural networks (SFNN). PPNN is to generate two subnet sets (viz. with wastage arcs and without), and SFNN is to find the maximum flow value of each subnet. The subnet computing strategy of the proposed algorithm greatly improves the solution accuracy of TWMFPs. Theoretical analysis and experiments have proved the effectiveness of TFNN. The experiment results of the transportation network (viz. New York Road) show that the proposed TFNN has better performance (viz. error rate and computational time) compared to classical algorithms.
[Retracted] IAPE Exploration under the International Communication Environment Based on Big Data Analysis of Social Network
Authors: Xie Dan , Lin Dongdong
Published: September 2022

Social network (SN) plays an important role in issue focusing, public opinion filtering, and scheme policy making in the dissemination of ideological and political education (IAPE), which promotes it towards a more accurate and safe public health direction. After studying the information dissemination process and diffusion mode of IAPE, this paper puts forward the UECSR model of its information dissemination model of blockchain SN, adds the unique consensus node state of that, and redefines the information state transition process and dissemination probability calculation. Finally, the influence of the propagation probability of blockchain is discussed through experimental simulation classification, which can verify the model’s validity and rationality.
[Retracted] Sustainable Development Research of Green Smart Park in High‐End Manufacturing Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Deng Jinlei
Published: September 2022

During the transition from industrial production to intelligent, there are still a large number of manufacturing industries in the traditional production mode. The problems of slow information transmission, difficult integrated production management, and complicated process parameter control have led to disconnect decision‐making from actual production. In addition, the current manufacturing industry is more of a traditional management method, and the upgrade and iteration speed are slow, and it is not combined with the technology of the Internet of Things. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to use the Internet of Things monitoring technology to explore the improvement of high‐end manufacturing and analyze the problems and solutions in the process of consistency of ecological environment and economic effects. This article will use the research methods of specific problems and specific analysis to compare the data and draw conclusions. This article will discuss the technical mechanism of the Internet of Things monitoring and introduce the collection and data of production status data of each station equipment in the production workshop during the production process: improving the current production model, learning foreign experience at the same time, quickly carrying out load curve and data center data accumulation on the service capabilities of the park, verifying multiple operating models, and simultaneously exploring new management models. Based on comparative advantage analysis, the study draws similarities and differences in the development of high‐end manufacturing industries at home and abroad, learns advanced experience, proposes improved methods and paths, combines new environmental protection paths, and finally proposes energy operation in the park. Build a green and intelligent park to provide a theoretical reference for sustainable development. The research results show that computer monitoring technology and methods have effectively improved the production environment of high‐end manufacturing, combined with the development status of the existing ecological and intelligent composite production system; the infrastructure construction of industrial parks in the new era, IT support, services, manpower resources, and industries has developed rapidly.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Nurse-Led “Outpatient-Ward-Home” Management Model in Chronic Kidney Patients
Authors: Hu Qi , Yang Xue , Wang Wei , Meng Man
Published: September 2022

Objective. To investigate the application and effect of the nurse-led “outpatient-ward-home” management model in the care of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods. 120 patients with CKD admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2021 were selected as trial subjects. All patients were divided into experimental and control groups according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The patients in the experimental group implemented the nurse-led “outpatient-ward-home” management model; the patients in the control group were given routine care and telephone follow-up. The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, self-management scores, nutritional status, renal function indicators, and chronic renal failure quality of life scale (QLICD-CRF2.0) were compared between the two groups before and 6 months after the intervention. Results. Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in SAS, SDS, PSQI scores, self-management scores, QLICD-CRF2.0 scores, body mass index (BMI), prealbumin (PAb), albumin (ALB), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) levels (

P
>
0.05

). After 6 months of intervention, SAS, SDS, PSQI scores, Scr, BUN, and GFR levels were lower in the experimental group than in the control group; self-management scores, QLICD-CRF2.0 scores, BMI, PAb, and ALB levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The nurse-led “outpatient-ward-family” intervention model can improve the negative emotions and sleep disorders of CKD patients, enhance patients’ self-management ability, and to a certain extent, slow down the disease process and improve the quality of life.
Water Treatment Using Natural Coagulant and Electrocoagulation Process: A Comparison Study
Authors: Gali Aba Lulesa Tofik , Beyene Dejene , Ebba Million , Kenea Goshu
Published: September 2022

Water treatment is the primary consideration before utilizing water for different purposes. Surface water is highly vulnerable to pollution, either due to natural or anthropogenic processes. The main targets of this study were to investigate surface water treatment using Moringa Oleifera (MO), the electrocoagulation process (EC), and the Moringa Oleifera assisted electrocoagulation process (MOAEC). The Moringa Oleifera, EC process, and Moringa Oleifera-assisted EC process are effective mechanisms for the removal of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), phosphate, TSS (Total Suspended Solids), and color from surface water. Different operating parameters such as pH (5–11), the dosage of coagulant (0.2–0.5 g), contact time or reaction time (20–50 minutes), current (0.2–0.5 A), and settling time (5–20 minutes) were considered. The maximum removal efficiency using Moringa Oleifera and the EC process was COD (85.48%), BOD (78.50%), TDS (84.5%), phosphate (95.70%), TSS (93.90%), color (94.50%), and COD (90.50%), BOD (87%), TDS (97.50%), phosphate (89.10%), TSS (95.80%), and color (96.15%), respectively. Similarly, with the application of MOAEC, 91.47%, 89.35%, 97.0%, 90.20%, 9.10%, and 95.70% of COD, BOD, TDS, phosphate, TSS, and color were removed, respectively. The EC process and MOAEC were more effective in the removal of COD, BOD, TDS, TSS, and color than using MO. More phosphate was removed using MO than the EC process and MOAEC. Additionally, the effects of different operating parameters were studied on the removal efficiency.
A Single-Centre Experience of Post-COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Immune-Mediated Complications
Authors: Palmer David , Davis Lauren , Sivaloganathan Helena , Chevassut Timothy
Published: September 2022

The significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a worldwide effort to develop effective vaccines. In the United Kingdom, the COVID-19 vaccine development and roll-out has been overwhelmingly successful in reducing infections and deaths. However, case reports have emerged of a rare syndrome of vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT), as well as cases of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This has necessitated a better understanding of these conditions. However, as both VITT and “vaccine-associated ITP” are emerging conditions, evidence on the clinical features, epidemiology, and management is still evolving. Subsequently, with the initiation of the COVID-19 vaccine booster program, it has become increasingly important to continue to collect accurate data on post-COVID-19 vaccine complications to aid with their prompt recognition and management. In this case series, we report on the presentations and management of seven cases of post-COVID-19 vaccine-related immune-mediated complications which occurred at our center between the months of March and July 2021.
The Evaluation of Visual Clarity and Comfort of Light Environment in Multimedia Classroom
Authors: Dong Yu , Xi Minshen , Hu Minghua
Published: September 2022

In order to clarify the quantitative relationship between students’ visual clarity, comfort, and environmental brightness in the light environment of multimedia classrooms in colleges and universities and obtain the threshold and influence trends of brightness, visual clarity, and visual comfort in the light environment of the multimedia classroom, this paper proposes the research on the relevant influence parameters of the light environment of the multimedia classroom. Based on the analysis of the current situation of multimedia use in China, this paper proposes taking brightness as the main parameter of indoor light environment evaluation to carry out students’ subjective evaluation experiments. The brightness range that can reflect the visual clarity and visual comfort of the experimenter is extracted by using multimedia combined with screen projection and HDRI technology. Finally, by analyzing the experimental data, combined with the operational definition of the psychophysical threshold, the functional relationship between visual clarity, comfort, and brightness in the light environment of a multimedia classroom is obtained through regression analysis and the threshold and extreme point data are calculated. The experimental results show that when the brightness range is 370.83 cd/m2 ≤ X ≤ 558.47 cd/m2, it has better visual clarity and visual comfort. When the brightness contrast is close to 10 : 1, the visual clarity is the highest; when the brightness contrast is close to 5 : 1, the visual comfort is the highest and decreases on both sides with the change in its value. Conclusion. The results of this experimental study can provide a basis for formulating and revising relevant laws and regulations in the future and provide a reference for the light environment design of multimedia classrooms in China.
A Practical and Efficient Blockchain-Assisted Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme for Access Control and Data Sharing
Authors: Hong Linjian , Zhang Kai , Gong Junqing , Qian Haifeng
Published: September 2022

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) is a powerful encryption scheme with flexible access control over encrypted data that has been widely adopted in cloud computing scenarios to facilitate data sharing. However, despite convenience and efficiency provided by data sharing based on cloud, it is commonly vulnerable to issues like key abuse (namely, illegal key sharing by user or key distribution by authority) and key escrow (namely, illegal decryption by ABE authority). Hence, exploring a more secure ABE scheme that can be key abuse and key escrow resistant is crucial. Furthermore, data modification that happens in cloud storage and outsourced computation is also a challenge for the cloud-based data sharing schemes. To handle the above issues, in this paper, we propose a secure and efficient data sharing scheme based on attribute-based encryption (ABE) and blockchain equipped with InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). In particular, we show that the large-universe ABE with outsourced decryption (LU-ABE-OD) scheme proposed by Ning et al. is vulnerable to key escrow attack, which is not secure enough in the data sharing scenario. Therefore, based on their basic proposal, we construct an improved multi-authority LU-ABE-OD scheme to encrypt personal data, which are stored in the IPFS system while blockchain is applied to store the hash value returned by IPFS and be responsible for the outsourced decryption. As a result, our scheme greatly reduces the decryption overheads of the user while risks of key abuse and key escrow can be settled. Meanwhile, the introduction of IPFS significantly reduces the storage burden on chain without data tampering problem. Through theoretical analysis and experimental simulation, we prove the feasibility, security, and efficiency of our scheme.
Uncertainty Estimation Using Variational Mixture of Gaussians Capsule Network for Health Image Classification
Authors: Mensah Patrick Kwabena , Ayidzoe Mighty Abra , Opoku Alex Akwasi , Adu Kwabena , Weyori Benjamin Asubam , Nti Isaac Kofi , Nimbe Peter
Published: September 2022

Capsule Networks have shown great promise in image recognition due to their ability to recognize the pose, texture, and deformation of objects and object parts. However, the majority of the existing capsule networks are deterministic with limited ability to express uncertainty. Many of them tend to be overconfident on out-of-distribution data, making them less trustworthy and hence reducing their suitability for practical adoption in safety-critical areas such as health and self-driving cars. In this work, we propose a capsule network based on a variational mixture of Gaussians to train distributions of network weights as opposed to a single set of weights and enable the model to express its predictive uncertainty on out-of-distribution data. Training distributions of weights have the added advantage of avoiding overfitting on smaller datasets which are common in health and other fields. Although Bayesian neural networks are known to exhibit slow training and convergence, experimental results show that the proposed model can retrieve only relevant features, converge faster, is less computationally complex, can effectively express its predictive uncertainties, and achieve performance values that are comparable to the state-of-the-art models. This is an indication that CapsNets can exhibit the transparency, credibility, reliability, and interpretability required for practical adoption.
N-Glycosylation on Asn50 of SND1 Is Required for Glioma U87 Cell Proliferation and Metastasis
Authors: Zhou Ying , Li Qingyu , Zheng Jianfeng , Lin Nengming
Published: September 2022

Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 (SND1) is an evolutionarily conserved multidomain protein, which has gained attention recently due to its positive regulation in several cancer progression and metastatic spread. However, the specific contribution of SND1 glycosylation in glioma remains uncertain. In the current study, we confirmed that SND1 was highly expressed in human glioma. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we created four predicted N-glycosylation site mutants for SND1 and provided the first evidence that SND1 undergoes N-glycosylation on its Asn50, Asn168, Asn283, and Asn416 residues in human glioma U87 cells. In addition, we found that removing the N-glycans on the Asn50 site destabilized SND1 and led to its endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation. Furthermore, destabilized SND1 inhibits the glioma cell proliferation and metastasis. Collectively, our results reveal that N-glycosylation at Asn50 is essential for SND1 folding and trafficking, thus essential for the glioma process, providing new insights for SND1 as a potential disease biomarker for glioma.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Diosgenin in Rat Plasma by a UPLC-MS/MS Approach
Authors: Liu Pei , Xu Lin , Guo Jing-han , Chang Jin-hua , Liu Xi-gang , Xue He-fei , Wang Ru-xing , Li Zhong-si , Miao Guang-xin , Liu Cui-zhe , Zhou Jian-yu
Published: September 2022

Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin, has attracted attention worldwide owing to its pharmacological properties, including antitumor, cardiovascular protective, hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The current diosgenin analysis methods have the disadvantages of long analysis time and low sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to establish an efficient, sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) approach for pharmacokinetic analysis of diosgenin amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) using tanshinone IIA as an internal standard (IS). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered diosgenin ASD, and orbital blood samples were collected for analysis. Protein precipitation was performed with methanol-acetonitrile (50 : 50, v/v), and the analytes were separated under isocratic elution by applying acetonitrile and 0.03% formic acid aqueous solution at a ratio of 80 : 20 as the mobile phase. MS with positive electron spray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring modes was applied to determine diosgenin and IS with m/z 415.2⟶271.2 and m/z 295.2⟶277.1, respectively. This approach showed a low limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/ml for diosgenin and could detect this molecule at a concentration range of 0.5 to 1,500 ng/ml (r = 0.99725). The approach was found to have intra- and inter-day precision values ranging from 1.42% to 6.91% and from 1.25% to 3.68%, respectively. Additionally, the method showed an accuracy of -6.54 to 4.71%. The recoveries of diosgenin and tanshinone IIA were 85.81–100.27% and 98.29%, respectively, with negligible matrix effects. Diosgenin and IS were stable under multiple storage conditions. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the Cmax and AUC0⟶t of diosgenin ASD were significantly higher than those of the bulk drug. A sensitive, simple, UPLC-MS/MS analysis approach was established and used for the pharmacokinetic analysis of diosgenin ASD in rats after oral administration.
The Effect of Tedlar Bags on the Composition of Exhaled Human Breath Samples
Authors: Zhao Jiuyan , Zhu Lanlan , Zhang Wei
Published: September 2022

The PVF Tedlar is widely used for gas collection in clinical diagnostics and environmental research. However, sample collection is frequently associated with the degradation, adsorption, or transformation of sensitive chemicals. Here, we explore to what extent the Tedlar bag collection effects the composition of expired breath samples. Collected breath samples were analyzed using the EESI-MS technique after the storage time of 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h, respectively. Our results demonstrated the gradual MS signal decay after 3 h storage. The decay rate of 3 h is about 45% and 6 h is about 88%. Therefore, the Tedlar bag is suggested as a reliable breath holder on the time scale of <3 h.
[Retracted] Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized by Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) with Potential Anticancer Activity towards Prostate Cancer
Authors: Abdellatif Ahmed A. H. , Abdelfattah Ahmed , Bouazzaoui Abdellatif , Osman Shaaban K. , Al-Moraya Issa Saad , Showail Abdulaziz M. Saleh , Alsharidah Mansour , Aboelela Ashraf , Al Rugaie Osamah , Faris Tarek M. , Tawfeek Hesham M.
Published: September 2022

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) and inflammatory cytokine (IL‐6) play a vital role in various cellular incidents such as the proliferation and death of cells during carcinogenesis. Hence, regulation of these biomarkers could be a promising tool for controlling tumor progression using nanoformulations. Silver nanoparticles‐poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (AgNPs‐PVP) were prepared using the reduction of silver nitrate and stabilized with PVP. They are characterized through yield percentage, UV‐VIS, FT‐IR, size, charge, and morphology. The obtained AgNPs were tested for anticancer activity against prostate cancer (PC 3) and human skin fibroblast (HFS) cell lines. Moreover, biomarker‐based confirmations like TNF‐α and IL‐6 were estimated. The synthesized AgNPs‐PVP were stable, spherical in shape, with particle sizes of 122.33 ± 17.61 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.49 ± 0.07, and a negative surface charge of −19.23 ± 0.61 mV. In vitro cytotoxicity testing showed the AgNPs‐PVP exhibited antiproliferation properties in PC3 in a dose‐dependent manner. In addition, when compared to control cells, AgNPs‐PVP has lower TNF‐α with a significant value ( ∗p < 0.05); the value reached 16.84 ± 0.71 pg/ml versus 20.81 ± 0.44 pg/ml, respectively. In addition, HSF cells showed a high level of reduction ( ∗∗∗p < 0.001) in IL‐6 production. This study suggested that AgNPs‐PVP could be a possible therapeutic agent for human prostate cancer and anti‐IL‐6 in cancerous and noncancerous cells. Further studies will be performed to investigate the effect of AgNPs‐PVP in different types of cancer.