bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Loss of the H1.4 Linker Histone Impacts Nascent Transcription and Chromatin Accessibility
Authors: Gokey Nolan G. , Ward James M. , Milliman Eric J. , Deterding Leesa J. , Trotter Kevin W. , Archer Trevor K.
Published: May 2023

The Chromatosome superstructure, comprised of core histone containing nucleosomes and linker histones, act in concert as physical barriers to genetic material in the mammalian nucleus to trans-acting factors. Appropriate arrangement, composition, and post-translational modification of the chromatosome is highly regulated and necessary for appropriate gene expression. These proteins act to radically condense the genetic material and linker H1 histone is essential for the further condensation of the chromatin fiber. However, the regulatory role of H1 in gene expression and chromatin organization is complicated by cell type specific expression and compensation of multiple H1 variants. Leveraging the UL3 osteosarcoma cell line which displays biased expression of H1 variants, and CRISPR/Cas9, we generated H1.4-deficient clones. Loss of H1.4 results in consistent changes to chromatin accessibility concomitant with changes to histone tail modifications, as well as a set of differentially expressed genes shared among ΔH1.4 genetic clones. We identified immune and inflammation immediate early genes as enriched in differentially expressed genes, skewed towards AP-1 regulated targets. Our data show that H1.4 is critical for the regulation of stress response pathways.

Key Points for NAR

(3 bullet points summarizing the manuscript’s contribution to the field)

H1.4 is essential for appropriate expression of over 6,000 nascent transcripts in UL3 cells.

Loss of H1.4 results in widespread changes in chromatin accessibility at enhancers and transcribed regions as well as heterochromatin and quiescent chromatin.

Immediate early genes, and especially AP-1 family members, are highly sensitive to H1.4 loss and their binding sites coincide with losses in chromatin accessibility
Timed receptor tyrosine kinase signaling couples the central and a peripheral circadian clock inDrosophila
Authors: Cavieres-Lepe Javier , Amini Emad , Nässel Dick R. , Stanewsky Ralf , Wegener Christian , Ewer John
Published: May 2023

Circadian clocks impose daily periodicities to behavior, physiology, and metabolism. This control is mediated by a central clock and by peripheral clocks, which are synchronized to provide the organism with a unified time through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Here, we characterized inDrosophilathe cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in coupling the central clock and the peripheral clock located in the prothoracic gland (PG), which together control the circadian rhythm of emergence of adult flies. The time signal from central clock neurons is transmitted via small neuropeptide F (sNPF) to neurons that produce the neuropeptide Prothoracicotropic Hormone (PTTH), which is then translated into circadian oscillations of Ca2+concentration and daily changes in PTTH levels. Rhythmic PTTH signaling is required at the end of metamorphosis, and transmits time information to the PG by imposing a daily rhythm to the expression of the PTTH receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), TORSO, and of ERK phosphorylation, a key component of PTTH transduction. In addition to PTTH, we demonstrate that signaling mediated by other RTKs contribute to the rhythmicity of emergence. Interestingly, the ligand to one of these receptors (Pvf2), plays an autocrine role in the PG, which may explain why both central brain and PG clocks are required for the circadian gating of emergence. Our findings show that the coupling between the central and the PG clock is unexpectedly complex and involves several RTKs that act in concert, and could serve as a paradigm to understand how circadian clocks are coordinated.

Significance statement

Circadian clocks impose daily periodicities to behavior, physiology, and metabolism, and are synchronized to provide the organism with a unified time through mechanisms that are poorly understood. In holometabolous insects, the circadian control of adult emergence depends on the coupling between the central clock and a peripheral clock located in the prothoracic gland (PG). Here we identify the cellular and molecular mechanism that transmits time information from the central clock to the PG clock. This process is unexpectedly complex and involves a number of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Such a mechanism may add robustness to the coupling between the 2 clocks and serve as a paradigm for understanding how circadian clocks are coordinated.
Serotonin neurons in mating female mice are activated by male ejaculation
Authors: Troconis Eileen L. , Seo Changwoo , Guru Akash , Warden Melissa R.
Published: May 2023

Sexual stimulation triggers changes in female physiology and behavior, including sexual satiety and preparing the uterus for pregnancy. Serotonin is an important regulator of reproductive physiology and sexual receptivity, but the relationship between sexual stimulation and serotonin neural activity in females is poorly understood. Here, we investigated dorsal raphe serotonin neural activity in females during sexual behavior. We found that serotonin neural activity in mating females peaked specifically upon male ejaculation, and remained elevated above baseline until disengagement. Artificial intravaginal mechanical stimulation was sufficient to elicit increased 5-HT neural activity but the delivery of ejaculatory fluids was not. Distal penis erectile enlargement (“penile cupping”) at ejaculation and forceful expulsion of ejaculatory fluid each provided sufficient mechanical stimulation to elicit serotonin neuron activation. Our study identifies a female ejaculation-specific signal in a major neuromodulatory system and shows that intravaginal mechanosensory stimulation is necessary and sufficient to drive this signal.
Oncometabolite lactate enhances breast cancer progression by orchestrating histone lactylation-dependent c-Myc expression
Authors: Pandkar Madhura R. , Sinha Sommya , Samaiya Atul , Shukla Sanjeev
Published: May 2023

Owing to the enhanced glycolytic rate, cancer cells generate lactate copiously, which in turn, promotes lactylation of histone. Even though histone lactylation has been explored to alter the expression of few genes, the role of this epigenetic modification in regulating the expression of oncogenes is largely unchartered. In this study, using breast cancer cell lines their mutants (which exhibit lactate-deficient metabolome), we have identified that intracellular lactate promotes histone lactylation-dependent c-Myc upregulation. Furthermore, we report that the c-Myc upregulates serine/arginine splicing factor 10 (SRSF10) to drive alternative splicing in breast cancer cells. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the role assayed by aerobic glycolysis in orchestrating alternative splicing that collectively drive breast tumorigenesis. Moreover, we also envisage that chemotherapeutic interventions attenuating glycolytic rate can restrict breast cancer progression by impeding the c-Myc-SRSF10 axis.
Unusual flash cooling-induced phase in a crystal of triphenylsilanol
Authors: Krawczyk Monika K.
Published: May 2023

The unique phase in a crystal of triphenylsilanol (Ph3SiOH) is reported. It is observed that after the crystal is flash-cooled from room temperature to 100 K, a new stable ordered phase II occurs with an increase in the unit-cell parameters compared to the earlier reported phase I. The new phase II occurs upon fast cooling while on slow cooling the disordered phase I is present. Gradual heating from 100 K (phase II) causes the crystal to return to the original phase I at about 150 K. The crystal undergoes the observed transformation in a reversible manner in many consecutive flash cooling/heating cycles without cracking.
Standard of workmanship, crime rate and condition of lift systems influence collective action in low-cost housing
Authors: Wang Hong Kok , Au-Yong Cheong Peng , Ling Gabriel Hoh Teck , Law Kian Aun
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Under Malaysian Law, the maintenance and management of common property have traditionally been viewed as insoluble challenges in the self-organisational efforts for high-rise low-cost housing developments. As the population increases, more shared resources become heavily exploited with few willing to contribute towards the sustainability of resources. Many researchers argued a better way would be to convert these shared resources into a private or state-managed entity. Hence, with that assumption, this paper aims to examine how better physical characteristics can result in greater collective action.

Design/methodology/approach

This research paper adopted a quantitative method approach to determine how the standard of physical characteristics influenced the quality of collective action in high-rise low-cost housing. The method included a questionnaire survey of 519 parcel holders chosen via stratified purposeful random sampling from four high-rise low-cost housing areas.

Findings

The paper found a positive correlation between the quality of physical characteristics and the collective action gained. The findings highlighted that the standard of workmanship of high-rise low-cost units (including the common properties), the crime rate in the neighbourhood and the condition of lift systems – when improved – were significant positive predictors of collective action.

Practical implications

Housing developers should pay attention to the quality of both low-cost units and related common properties, as this endeavour will assist greatly in future collective action management.

Originality/value

The study was justified in terms of its originality as few research studies adopted the social-ecological system framework that focused on the correlation between the quality of physical characteristics and the collective action of parcel holders.
The influence of the propensity of small-firm managers to enroll in training programs on subsequent training outcome
Authors: Wickstrøm Kent Adsbøll , Bager Torben Eli
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This study examines the relationship between small-firm managers' propensity to participate in a growth-oriented training program and their subsequent program outcome in terms of strategic reorientation. From a policy perspective, this relates to the important question of what benefit would come from recruiting managers who are normally not easily recruitable for training programs.

Design/methodology/approach

A control group design including pre- and post-training surveys is used to assess the effects of a large-scale management training program. Accounting for selection bias, the difference-in-difference method, together with propensity score matching, was applied to assess average program effects. The matching-smoothing method was used to assess heterogeneity in program effects associated with participation propensity.

Findings

Overall, program participation associated positively with change in strategic orientations. This effect was especially pronounced for managers with either low or medium to high inclinations for program enrollment, while diminishing in the modest to medium range.

Practical implications

The findings have important practical implications for selection of target groups and recruitment strategies in relation to small-firm management training programs. From the results, recruitment strategies may effectively include managers with either high or low participation propensities, rather than aiming to “fill up” with managers with moderately low participation propensity.

Originality/value

Several extant studies have examined average treatment effects from small-firm training programs. Yet there has been a lack of examination of the extent to which participation propensity modifies the effect of training on outcomes. This study brings new knowledge of the direction and magnitude of such heterogeneous training effects.
A lane-based advanced forwarding protocol for internet of vehicles
Authors: Seth Ishita , Guleria Kalpna , Panda Surya Narayan
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The internet of vehicles (IoV) communication has recently become a popular research topic in the automotive industry. The growth in the automotive sector has resulted in significant standards and guidelines that have engaged various researchers and companies. In IoV, routing protocols play a significant role in enhancing communication safety for the transportation system. The high mobility of nodes in IoV and inconsistent network coverage in different areas make routing challenging. This paper aims to provide a lane-based advanced forwarding protocol for internet of vehicles (LAFP-IoV) for efficient data distribution in IoV. The proposed protocol’s main feature is that it can identify the destination zone by using position coordinates and broadcasting the packets toward the direction of destination. The novel suppression technique is used in the broadcast method to reduce the network routing overhead.

Design/methodology/approach

The proposed protocol considers the interferences between different road segments, and a novel lane-based forwarding model is presented. The greedy forwarding notion, the broadcasting mechanism, and the suppression approach are used in this protocol to reduce the overhead generated by standard beacon forwarding procedures. The SUMO tool and NS-2 simulator are used for the vehicle's movement pattern and to simulate LAFP-IoV.

Findings

The simulation results show that the proposed LAFP-IoV protocol performs better than its peer protocols. It uses a greedy method for forwarding data packets and a carry-and-forward strategy to recover from the local maximum stage. This protocol's low latency and good PDR make it ideal for congested networks.

Originality/value

The proposed paper provides a unique lane-based forwarding for IoV. The proposed work achieves a higher delivery ratio than its peer protocols. The proposed protocol considers the lanes while forwarding the data packets applicable to the highly dense scenarios.
A hybrid framework for fleet management with quality concerns: a case for the food industry
Authors: Fares Naila , Lloret Jaime , Kumar Vikas , Frederico Guilherme F. , Kamach Oulaid
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The purpose of the study is to propose a framework for fleet management and make suitable distribution solution choices in the food industry.

Design/methodology/approach

This study reviews the literature to examine food distribution criteria. These criteria are used in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) assessment and combined with discrete events simulation in a structured framework, which is validated through an empirical study.

Findings

The empirical case results demonstrate that both the AHP and discrete events simulation converge toward the same solution in most cases.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the literature on distribution management and develops a framework that can both guide future research and aid logistics practitioners in analysing distribution decision-making systems in dynamic environments.
The impact of omnichannel integrated marketing communications (IMC) on product and retail service satisfaction
Authors: Butkouskaya Vera , Oyner Olga , Kazakov Sergey
Published: May 2023

Purpose

This study reviewed three customer-perceived components of integrated marketing communications (IMCs): consistency, interactivity and connectivity, as predictors of positive customer evaluation (product and retail service satisfaction).

Design/methodology/approach

The customer data from 260 surveys were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). The data were collected from the emerging economy in the Moscow region (Russia).

Findings

The results reported that IMC consistency positively impacts product and service satisfaction. However, the effect of IMC interactivity was only significant in the case of service satisfaction. Meanwhile, IMC connectivity positively influenced only product satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

The study contributes to the marketing communications theory by defining three components of omnichannel IMC. It also adds to the customer behaviour theory by confirming the diverse nature of product and service evaluation. This study focuses on the retail industry.

Practical implications

This research suggests that three components of IMC should be applied together towards enhancing the customer's positive post-purchase evaluation. Meanwhile, consistency enhances product and service satisfaction, interactive impacts satisfaction with the organization and connectivity with the retail service.

Originality/value

The shift toward omnichannel marketing requires a broader perspective on communication integration. This research reports a novelty result of estimating the separate effect of each component of omnichannel IMC (consistency, interactivity and connectivity) on product and service satisfaction.
Mapping of Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights themes: a retrospective overview
Authors: Moradi Erfan
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Recognising the literature of a field is vital for advancement in that field. Yet, there has not been a systematic analysis of recent publications published in the Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights (JHTI). Therefore, this research aims to do a bibliometric analysis of articles published in JHTI during the previous five years.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used bibliometric techniques and indicators to analyse JHTI publications from 2018 to 2022. The data utilised in the study were obtained from Scopus and subsequently subjected to analysis through the Bibliometrix software.

Findings

The findings show good collaboration between the production components (country, institution and author) in JHTI. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords comprises five clusters; the co-citation analysis comprises six; and a group of articles connected with psychological aspects and areas such as motivation, attitude, customer engagement, place attachment and behavioural intention was the most remarkable cluster. Sharing economy, destination marketing, destination image and some, to an extent, social media and revenue management are just a few of the niche themes that have the potential to come up.

Research limitations/implications

This study will be helpful as a roadmap for researchers in different fields who are interested in such studies, as well as for editorial board members and those who work in JHTI.

Practical implications

Scholars and practitioners may benefit the most from this research by obtaining insight into the development of JHTI's research and the areas of the hospitality and tourism industries that need more study.

Originality/value

The current study is both necessary and valuable because it is the first to provide insight into the effectiveness and intellectual framework of the hospitality and tourism literature selected by the JHTI.
Preparing culturally competent teachers through clinical practices abroad
Authors: Mulvaney Tracy , Lubniewski Kathryn , Morales Wendy
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Clinical practice provides teacher candidates with opportunities to link teaching and learning theory to practice in a supported environment with strong mentorship through their initial phases of teaching. Teacher candidates wait in anticipation for the opportunity to get into classrooms to work alongside veteran teachers to promote student learning and achievement. This article presents one educator preparation program’s (EPP’s) innovative program that spans the boundaries of the USA to provide teacher candidates with a two-week intensive full-time clinical placement in schools located in the Cotswold Region of England.

Design/methodology/approach

Highlighted in this piece is the program’s partnership history, design, structure, connection to the nine essentials, assessment of program goals, and a synthesis of the literature on global education and its value in educator preparation.

Findings

Highlighted in this piece is the program’s partnership history, design, structure, connection to the nine essentials, assessment of program goals and a synthesis of the literature on global education and its value in educator preparation.

Originality/value

This article highlights one university’s innovation that places teacher candidates in the classroom for a two-week full-time immersive clinical experience in various schools in England. As early as their sophomore year, teacher candidates can participate in this study abroad program and do so while developing their own cultural competence and global citizenship.
Recent progress in food processing applications of air impingement technology: A review
Authors: Altay Özgül , Selçuk Esin , Abacı Ömer , Erdem Funda , Dirim S. Nur , Şentürk Utku , Kaymak‐Ertekin Figen
Published: May 2023

Air impingement method has been widely used in a variety of industrial applications, such as textile and paper drying, turbine cooling, and glass quenching, because it is an efficient technology with high heat and mass transfer rates. This technology has received increasing interest in the field of food processing over the last two decades, such as drying, baking, blanching, freezing, and thawing. In a food processing equipment using air impingement, jets of high‐velocity air (with speeds of 10–50 m/s) are directed at a food product. The performance of the system is influenced by several critical elements, including jet velocity, nozzle array diameter and layout, jet distance, and boundary layer characteristics. The use of computational fluid dynamics, an emerging tool, has been shown to be valuable in the analysis of fluid flow and heat and mass transfer in jet impingement systems. The physical properties of impinging jets, such as turbulent mixing in the free jet zone, stagnation, boundary layer formation, recirculation, and their interactions with food products in terms of heat and mass transfer, have been discussed in this article. The benefits and disadvantages of air jet impingement technology in different food processing applications together with potential trends for improving impingement technology performance were identified and discussed. This review not only contributes to a better understanding of the research status of impingement technology on food processing but also triggers new research opportunities in this field in order to provide more healthy and nutritious food in a more sustainable way to the world's growing population.
Chemotherapy outcomes in EGFR‐TKI resistant patients with common and uncommon EGFR mutation: An exploratory retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Chien‐Yu , Hu Chia‐Hao , Hsu Chia‐Fu , Tsai Jeng‐Shiuan , Chen Chian‐Wei , Lin Chia‐Yin , Chang Chao‐Chun , Yen Yi‐Ting , Tseng Yau‐Lin , Su Po‐Lan , Lin Chien‐Chung
Published: May 2023

Background

Some prospective studies have shown that second‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide better control in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. However, studies comparing second‐line chemotherapy efficacy between NSCLC patients with common and uncommon EGFR mutations remain rare. This retrospective study compared treatment outcomes in these patients.

Methods

Patients with EGFR‐mutated advanced‐stage NSCLC who received first‐line EGFR‐TKIs in a tertiary referral center were retrospectively reviewed between January 2010 and August 2022. Patients with a negative T790M test at disease progression who received second‐line chemotherapy were enrolled. We compared progression‐free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival between advanced NSCLC patients with common and uncommon EGFR mutations using Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank tests.

Results

In total, 209 (54.8%) patients had a negative T790M mutation test and received second‐line chemotherapy, of which 192 (91.8%) had a common EGFR mutation (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R substitution), and 17 (8.2%) had an uncommon EGFR mutation. Patients with common EGFR mutations had significantly longer PFS than those with uncommon EGFR mutations (4.57 vs. 2.57 months, p = 0.031). A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis controlling for potential confounding factors indicated that an uncommon EGFR mutation was an independent prognostic factor for PFS.

Conclusion

This study suggests that patients with uncommon EGFR mutations have poorer chemotherapy responses and shorter survival than those with common EGFR mutations. The development of new treatment strategies for these patients remains an unmet need.
Combination of azacitidine, venetoclax and ruxolitinib in blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Systchenko Thomas , Chomel Jean‐Claude , Gallego‐Hernanz Pilar , Moya Niels , Desmier Déborah , Maillard Natacha , Bobin Arthur , Vonfeld Mathilde , Gardeney Hélène , Cayssials E Emilie , Torregrosa José
Published: May 2023

Myeloproliferative neoplasms in blastic phase (MPN‐BP) have a dreadful prognosis. We report the characteristics and outcomes of five MPN‐BP patients treated with a never‐before‐described combination of azacytidine and venetoclax (to control BP transformation), added to ruxolitinib (needed to control constitutional symptoms). Median age was 76 years (range 72–84), and worst performance status was 2. The overall response rate was 80%, and the complete remission rate was 40%. With median follow‐up of 10.0 months (range 4.2–13.4), median overall survival was 13.4 months (95% CI 4.2–13.4). We did not detect any unexpected treatment‐related toxicity, and quality of life was improved.
Changes in antimicrobial resistance in acute otitis media and otitis externa
Authors: Nawaz Saira , Smith Matthew E. , George Ryan , Dodgson Kirsty , Lloyd Simon K. W.
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis externa (OE) are common ear infections which may warrant antibiotic therapy. For many infections, there is a rise in antimicrobial resistance, which is associated with treatment failure, morbidity, prolonged hospitalisation and mortality. This study aimed to identify longitudinal changes in microbiology and antimicrobial resistance in aural swabs taken from patients with AOM or OE.

Design

Retrospective observational analysis.

Setting

Aural samples processed at Manchester Medical Microbiology Partnership Laboratories between January 2008 and December 2018 were analysed to record organism isolated and antimicrobial sensitivity.

Participants

Individual aural swabs from 7200 patients.

Main Outcome Measures

Changes in the incidence of organisms and antimicrobial resistance between two time periods (2008–2012 and 2013–2018) were compared using the chi‐squared test (alpha = 0.05).

Results

From 7200 swabs, 2879 (40%) were from children. The most frequently isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (25%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24.4%), yeast (9.1%), mixed anaerobes (7.9%) and Haemophilus influenzae (6.1%). In children aged 0–4 years, H. influenzae had particularly high incidence (25%). Overall, the incidence of P. aeruginosa decreased significantly with time (p = 0.05). Isolates displaying resistance to one or more antimicrobial agents increased significantly in number in the second time period for P. aeruginosa (p = 0.04) and H. influenzae (p =  0.03). There was increased resistance to amoxicillin for P. aeruginosa (p = 0.01) and to erythromycin for H. influenzae (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Variations in type and frequency of organisms with increasing age likely result from differences in the preponderance of AOM compared to OE in children versus adults. We found increasing antimicrobial resistance for two organisms commonly isolated from AOM and OE infections, suggesting that aspects of current UK treatment practices and national recommendations may need to be revised.
Epilation und Depilation im Intimbereich – Motivation, Methoden, Risiken und Handlungsempfehlungen aus dermatologischer Sicht
Authors: Mezin‐Sarbu Evgeniia , Wohlrab Johannes
Published: May 2023

Die Haarentfernung im Intimbereich ist eine weltweite Praxis der Körpermodifikation, die bei Frauen häufiger als bei Männern, bei jüngeren häufiger als bei älteren Menschen sowie bei sexuell aktiven häufiger als bei abstinenten Personen mit soziokulturell unterschiedlicher Motivation Anwendung findet. Da es mit wenigen Ausnahmen keine medizinische Indikation für die Intimepi‐ und ‐depilation gibt, findet sich in der Fachliteratur eine nur sehr begrenzte Evidenz über eingesetzte Methoden und deren Risiken. Um den Anwendern aus dermatologischer Perspektive eine Orientierung beim Einsatz unterschiedlicher Verfahrensweisen und damit verbundener Risiken zu geben, wurden die vorhandenen Daten in einer systematischen Literaturrecherche zusammengetragen, analysiert und bewertet. Dazu wurden in Literaturdatenbanken (PubMed, Google Scholar) nach definierten Suchstrategien insgesamt 290 Beiträge in der englisch‐ und deutschsprachigen Fachliteratur identifiziert und nach Bewertung der Relevanz 61 Publikationen mit wissenschaftlicher Aussagekraft identifiziert. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass Depilationsmethoden (Rasur, Trimming, chemische Depilation) im Vergleich zu Epilationsmethoden (Waxing, Sugaring, mechanische Epilation, Elektroepilation, Laser, Intense Pulsed Light, medikamentöse Epilation) häufiger zur Anwendung kommen. Die unterschiedlichen Risiken und unerwünschten Effekte wurden methodenassoziiert analysiert und prophylaktische Strategien zur Vermeidung von Komplikationen erarbeitet.
Klinisch‐pathologische Eigenschaften kutaner und mukokutaner Leishmaniose bei mit TNF‐α‐Inhibitoren behandelten Patienten
Authors: Palacios‐Diaz Rodolfo David , Sahuquillo‐Torralba Antonio , Rocamora‐Durán Vicenç , Unamuno‐Bustos Blanca de , Salavert‐Lleti Miguel , Santos‐Alarcón Sergio , Quintero Adriana , Garcías‐Ladaria Joan , Vila‐Payeras Aina , Martínez‐Doménech Alvaro , Mateu‐Puchades Almudena , Nadal‐Lladó Cristina , Botella‐Estrada Rafael
Published: May 2023

Hintergrund und Ziele

Die steigende Anwendung von Biologika bei der Behandlung entzündlicher Erkrankungen hat zu mehr Leishmaniose‐Fällen bei Patienten mit iatrogener Immunsuppression geführt. Vorrangiges Ziel war die Beschreibung der Charakteristika von Patienten mit kutaner (CL) oder mukokutaner (MCL) Leishmaniose, die zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose mit Biologika behandelt wurden.

Patienten und Methoden

Mit Kohorte von Patienten mit der Diagnose CL oder MCL wurde eine multizentrische, retrospektive Studie konzipiert. Alle mit Biologika behandelten Patienten wurden eingeschlossen. Für jeden Fall wurden zwei entsprechende nicht exponierte Patienten zum Vergleich einbezogen.

Ergebnisse

Bei 38 Patienten wurde während ihrer Behandlung mit Tumornekrosefaktor‐alpha (TNF‐α)‐Inhibitoren eine CL oder MCL diagnostiziert. Im Vergleich zu nicht exponierten Patienten waren die Leishmaniose‐Läsionen im Median größer (2,5 cm) und trat häufiger als Plaque (58,3%) und mit Ulzeration (92,1%) auf. Zudem benötigte sie eine größere mediane Anzahl intraläsionaler Infiltrationen von Meglumin‐Antimonat (3 Dosen) (P < 0,05). Bei Patienten, die mit TNF‐α‐Hemmern behandelt wurden, wurde keine systemische Beteiligung festgestellt. Zudem fanden wir keine Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Behandlungscharakteristika, ungeachtet einer Modifizierung der Biologika‐Therapie.

Schlussfolgerungen

Obwohl das Management personalisiert werden sollte, scheint die Aufrechterhaltung einer Therapie mit Biologika die Behandlung einer CL oder MCL nicht zu beeinträchtigen.
A review of housing articles in FCSRJ: 2008–2022
Authors: DeVaney Sharon A. , Lee Jae Min
Published: May 2023

The Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal (FCSRJ) is a multidisciplinary journal which includes housing and interior design as one of the eight topic areas. To increase the visibility of housing and interior design, this review focused on housing research by presenting a summary of the 27 housing and interior design articles published in FCSRJ between 2008 and 2022. The following categories emerged: history, culture, housing counseling, issues and trends, affordability, renting versus owning, college students, and older adults. The results of each published study were timely and productive, and many of the authors called for additional research to explore the topics in more depth.
A Wende in representing the Holocaust in German literature? From Jurek Becker to W. G. Sebald
Authors: Finch Helen
Published: May 2023

This article examines Jurek Becker's 1976 novel Der Boxer and W. G. Sebald's critical essay on Becker “Ich möchte zu ihnen hinabsteigen und finde den Weg nicht. Zu den Romanen Jurek Beckers” (posthumously published in 2010) to show how they reflect the changing norms of Holocaust testimony in German literature. Becker's well‐received novel narrates the refusal of a traumatized Jewish survivor to conform to the normative expectations of Holocaust testimony in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Sebald's essay, written in the early 1990s, however, accuses the novel of being inauthentic and by implication unethical. The polemic demonstrates Sebald's attempt to establish norms of Holocaust representation in the period following the Wende. Becker's novel and Sebald's response to it shed light on restrictive norms and expectations that surrounded Jewish survivor testimony to the Holocaust, both in the GDR during the 1970s and in post‐unification Germany of the early 1990s.
Apelin signalling in the periaqueductal grey matter alleviates capsaicin‐evoked pulpal nocifensive behaviour and capsaicin‐induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rat
Authors: Soleimani Amir Hossein , Dehghani Aghdas , Abbasnejad Mehdi , Esmaeili‐Mahani Saeed , Raoof Maryam , Lobbezoo Frank
Published: May 2023

Aim

Pulpal pain is a common orofacial health issue that has been linked to cognitive impairment. Because of its prominent role in pain modulation and cognitive impairment, apelin (Apl) is regarded as a promising target for clinical pain management. The role of Apl in orofacial pain, however, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of intra‐periaqueductal grey matter (PAG) administrations of Apl‐13 on capsaicin‐evoked pulpal nocifensive behaviour and capsaicin‐induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rats.

Methodology

Forty‐nine male Wistar rats (200–250 g) were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 7 per group). The groups included: untreated intact, capsaicin (Caps) only, three Caps+Apl groups that received different dosages of intra‐PAG injection of Apl‐13 (1, 2 and 3 μg/rat) 20 min prior to capsaicin application, and two Apl+antagonist groups that received Apl receptor antagonist or naloxone (a μ opioid receptor) 20 min before Apl injection. Learning and memory were assessed using the Morris water maze test. One‐way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post hoc tests was used for statistical analysis.

Results

Intra‐PAG administration of Apl‐13 significantly reduced the capsaicin‐induced nocifensive behaviour (p < .01). This antinociception effect was inhibited by F13A and naloxone. Apl‐13 inhibited nociception‐induced learning and memory deficits (p < .01). The cognitive effects were also blocked by pre‐treatment administration of F13A (3 μg/rat).

Conclusions

These findings indicated that Apl‐13, via Apl receptors (AR or APJ) and μ opioid receptors, alleviated capsaicin‐induced dental nocifensive behaviour and protected against nociception‐induced learning and memory impairments. As a result of our findings, Apl appears to be a promising analgesic option for further research in orofacial pain models and clinical trials.
Translating coexistence: Inside Japan's public multilingualism
Authors: Friedman Gregory
Published: May 2023

Provision of translated material for both international residents and tourists is a key part of the work of public offices around Japan. The way in which this translation is viewed and carried out, and its relationship to dominant modes of conceptualizing multiculturalism, has not received much attention in the literature. This study reports on the results of two surveys of public offices throughout Japan carried out to assess translation practices and attitudes among both Japanese and foreign staff. The study presents quantitative and qualitative findings that indicate a gap in perception between Japanese and foreign staff regarding methodology, the quality of translated material, and its relative importance. The study situates public service translation in Japan as a contested area within the broader context of multicultural coexistence, one that concretely reflects differing views and claims about tabunka kyosei and the place of immigrants in Japanese society and which reproduces a top‐down view of multicultural relations.
Learning Approaches in the Architectural Education and the Role of Students’ Habitus: Case Study Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Mamuna , Awan Usman , Asghar Salman
Published: May 2023

This study seeks to explore the impact of social upbringing on architectural learning. The theory of “habitus” helps to understand how students’ personality dispositions might affect the way they approach learning in the “field” of architectural education. The notions of learning approaches and knowledge codes in literature are used to develop a framework for the study that helps to explore the field of architectural education. It is a qualitative study, conducted through semi‐structured interviews with 44 students in 10 architecture schools in Pakistan. Interviews explored students’ habitus as well as their learning approaches, later explored through the framework developed in the study. Interviews are transcribed and coded using Nvivo 12. A detailed analysis explores the connection between habitus and learning approaches and finds out that habitus plays a major role in determining the way students approach learning in Architecture, with most cultivated habitus students showing a deep learning approach.
Effect of upadacitinib on atopic hand eczema in patients with moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis: Results from two randomized phase 3 trials
Authors: Simpson E. L. , Rahawi K. , Hu X. , Chu A. D. , Nduaka C. , Jazayeri S. , Lio P. , Lynde C. , Schuttelaar M. L. A.
Published: May 2023

Background

Approximately 60% of patients with atopic dermatitis have involvement of the hands adding to the burden of disease.

Objective

This analysis aims to evaluate the effect of upadacitinib monotherapy on atopic hand eczema in patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD over 16 weeks in the Measure Up 1 and 2 studies.

Methods

Data from patients (ages 12–75) randomized 1:1:1 to receive upadacitinib 15 mg, 30 mg, or placebo once daily in the Measure Up 1 and 2 studies were analysed for impact on atopic hand eczema assessed using the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI). The percent change from baseline in HECSI score was a prespecified additional endpoint at all visits. The proportion of patients with at least a 75% improvement in HECSI score (HECSI 75) was evaluated post hoc.

Results

Patients treated with upadacitinib 15 mg or 30 mg experienced greater improvement in HECSI score compared with placebo as early as Week 1, which was maintained through Week 16. At Week 16, the mean change from baseline in HECSI score for patients receiving upadacitinib 15 mg, 30 mg, and placebo was −68%, −74%, and −15% in Measure Up 1 and −68%, −74% and +21% (positive change indicates worsening for placebo) in Measure Up 2, respectively. A greater proportion of upadacitinib‐treated patients achieved HECSI 75 compared with placebo at all timepoints beginning at Week 1 through Week 16.

Conclusions

Upadacitinib 15 mg and 30 mg monotherapy provided rapid and sustained improvement in atopic hand eczema compared with placebo through Week 16 in patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD. At Week 16, the observed mean improvements in HECSI score in upadacitinib‐treated patients were clinically meaningful based on previous interpretability studies. These results suggest that upadacitinib may be an effective treatment option for atopic hand eczema in patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD.
Managing the transition to a complex full mouth rehabilitation utilizing injectable composite
Authors: Hulac Sandra , Kois John C.
Published: May 2023

Objective

This article describes the use of flowable injectable composite resins to facilitate transitional treatment of a complex complete mouth rehabilitation.

Clinical Considerations

Some patients require urgent and complex complete mouth rehabilitations that are time and cost intensive. Financial considerations can prevent some patients from pursuing treatment. This can result in the oral conditions worsening over time and compromising the long‐term prognosis of the teeth.

Conclusions

Injectable composite resins can be used as a transitional bonding material for complex cases using an injection molding technique utilizing clear indices obtained from a diagnostic waxing. This allows for a full mouth rehabilitation to be performed in a single appointment, producing instant results.

Clinical Significance

Transitioning with injectable composite as demonstrated in this case will immediately stabilize an otherwise deteriorating situation in a cost‐effective way and allows patients to address the realities of financial or time constraints when transitioning to more durable porcelain restorations over a period of years.
Parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness
Authors: Turney Kristin
Published: May 2023

Objective

The goal of this study is to examine the association between parental incarceration and parent–youth closeness.

Background

Despite the established complex repercussions of incarceration for relationships between adults, and the well‐known intergenerational consequences of parental incarceration, little is known about how incarceration structures intergenerational relationships between parents and children.

Methods

In this article, I use data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3408), a cohort of children followed over a 15‐year period, to examine how parental incarceration is associated with relationships between youth and their (incarcerated and nonincarcerated) parents.

Results

Results suggest three conclusions. First, parental incarceration is negatively associated with closeness between youth and their incarcerated parents. Second, the timing of first parental incarceration is important. Parental incarceration in early or middle childhood is negatively associated with closeness between youth and their incarcerated parent, and parental incarceration in adolescence is positively associated with closeness between youth and their nonincarcerated parent. Third, relationships between parents themselves explain some of the association between paternal incarceration in early childhood and father–youth closeness.

Conclusion

Taken together, these findings advance our understanding of both the relational and intergenerational consequences of criminal legal contact and our understanding of the correlates of parent–youth relationships and, in doing so, highlights how family ecological contexts contribute to inequality.
Does blatantly contradictory information reduce the misinformation effect? A Registered Report replication of Loftus (1979)
Authors: O'Donnell Rachel , Chan Jason C. K.
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Loftus (1979, Reactions to blatantly contradictory information) demonstrated that participants who received a piece of blatantly contradictory information were not susceptible to it (the boundary condition effect). In addition, participants who had received the blatant misinformation were also less susceptible to the more subtle pieces of misinformation compared to the participants who did not receive the blatant misinformation (the inoculation effect). Researchers often cited this finding as evidence for the idea that detecting a piece of blatant misinformation is similar to being given a warning. However, to our knowledge, the inoculation effect has not been replicated.

Methods

Experiment 1 was a direct replication. Participants either encountered four pieces of nonblatant misinformation (subtle condition) or the same four pieces of nonblatant misinformation and an additional piece of blatant misinformation (blatant condition). Experiment 2 was a conceptual replication in which we also manipulated the presence or absence of initial testing. Furthermore, we presented the slides as a video and presented four neutral and four misleading details in the narrative.

Results

In two high‐powered experiments, we failed to replicate both the inoculation effect and the boundary condition effect. Using a multi‐verse analysis approach, we failed to observe a significant advantage from the inclusion of a piece of blatant misinformation in most (but not all) analyses.

Conclusion

We conclude that encountering a piece of blatant misinformation was not sufficient to inoculate witnesses against other nonblatant pieces of misinformation. We further discuss our results in the context of misinformation, warning, and discrepancy detection.
Validation of scores of PRO‐C3 to predict liver‐related events in alcohol‐related liver disease
Authors: Johansen Stine , Israelsen Mads , Villesen Ida F. , Torp Nikolaj , Nielsen Mette J. , Kjærgaard Maria , Lindvig Katrine P. , Hansen Camilla D. , Andersen Peter , Rasmussen Ditlev N. , Detlefsen Sönke , Leeming Diana J. , Thiele Maja , Karsdal Morten , Krag Aleksander ,   the GALAXY and MicrobLiver consortia
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims

Risk prediction in alcohol‐related liver disease (ArLD) is an unmet need. We aimed to assess PRO‐C3 models to predict liver‐related events (LRE) in patients with a history of excessive alcohol use without an established diagnosis of chronic liver disease.

Methods

A prospective cohort study of 462 patients with ArLD, split into a derivation cohort of 221 secondary care patients and a validation cohort of 241 primary care patients. Baseline variables, including fibrogenesis marker PRO‐C3, were used to develop a prediction model. Prognostic accuracy was compared to enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF), fibrosis‐4‐index (FIB‐4), transient elastography (TE) and ADAPT.

Results

In the derivation and validation cohorts, 67 (30%) and 19 (8%) experienced an LRE during a median follow‐up of 5.2 years (IQR: 3.2‐6.8) and 4.0 years (IQR: 2.7‐5.6). On top of PRO‐C3 and ADAPT score, we generated a model (ALPACA) of independent predictors of LREs (PRO‐C3, AST/ALT, platelets). ALPACA had high prognostic accuracy with a C‐statistic of 0.85 in the derivation cohort, comparable to ELF (0.83) and TE (0.84) and significantly higher than FIB‐4 (0.78), PRO‐C3 (0.80) and ADAPT (0.81). In the validation cohort, all tests had comparable C‐statistics. Compared to low‐risk patients (ALPACA ≤11), high‐risk patients (>11) had a subhazard ratio for LREs of 12.6 (95% CI 5.9‐26.8, p < .001) and higher cumulative incidence (57% vs. 7%, p < .001; derivation cohort). We observed similar subhazard ratio in the validation cohort.

Conclusions

PRO‐C3‐based scores are reliable tools to predict LREs in ArLD patients and are suitable for risk stratification in primary and secondary care.