bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is relief the most common reaction to abortion? Self-assessed intensity of emotions attributed to abortion in a national sample of women aged 41 to 45
Authors: Reardon David
Published: February 2025

Background It is widely reported that the most prominent emotion following abortions is relief. This claim primarily rests on two studies of abortion clinic patients which had methodological and self-censure bias. Other studies have indicated that negative emotions are more common than positive emotions. The objective of this study is to obtain self-assessed data on the intensity of emotional responses to abortion and pregnancy loss in a random national sample. Methods Using visual analog scales, a random sample of 1,925 women aged 41 to 45 completed a survey in which respondents rated the degree to which they experienced emotional responses to their first abortion or natural pregnancy loss. The emotions assessed included relief, grief, depression, anxiety, guilt, emptiness, anger, regret, shame, unforgiveness of self, uncontrollable weeping, frequent thoughts of the child they could have had, and difficulty completing the grief process. Women were categorized into five groups based on pregnancy outcomes, and four abortion decision types: Wanted, Inconsistent, Unwanted, or Coerced. Results Among women with a history of abortion (n=409), negative emotions were reported more intensely than relief. Relief was the predominant emotion only among the 29.8% of women whose abortions were freely wanted and consistent with their own values and preferences. For all other groups, relief was low and negative emotions were more prominent. Emotions following natural pregnancy losses were similar to those following abortion, but less severe following wanted abortions and more severe following coerced abortions. Conclusions Relief is only common after freely wanted abortions. Most abortions are inconsistent or contrary to women’s own values. In these cases, strong negative emotions are far more dominant than relief. These results should inform pre-abortion screening, counseling supportive of women’s own values and preferences, and mental health support post-abortion.
The genome sequence of the virgin bagworm, Luffia ferchaultella (Stephens, 1850)
Authors: Whiteford Samuel ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: February 2025

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Luffia ferchaultella (the Virgin Bagworm; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Psychidae). The genome sequence spans 645.30 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.37 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,416 protein-coding genes.
Escenarios plurales en la ordenación territorial. Proyecto de suelo en la Estructura Ecológica Principal de Bogotá
Authors: Bartorila Miguel
Published: February 2025

Este articulo explora la contribución de la Estructura Ecológica Principal de Bogotá para crear un
urbanismo más diverso, amplio e inclusivo. El argumento central del trabajo considera que la
transición de la planeación urbana hacia su articulación con la naturaleza, en el caso de la Sabana
de Bogotá, se va construyendo desde el concepto y la configuración de la estructura ecológica. Se
presenta al suelo como componente común y mediador en la formulación de nuevos escenarios
plurales en las nuevas prácticas del urbanismo. Desde de la preocupación emergente de
integración de la naturaleza en el proyecto colectivo de ciudad el artículo examina la geografía
particular de la Sabana y la articulación progresivas del urbanismo y la ecología desde la segunda
mitad del siglo XX. El proceso del ordenamiento territorial se amplía con un enfoque socio
ecológico. Bajo un renovado paradigma hacia un urbanismo para un suelo vivo, el caso de Bogotá
presenta una interesante convergencia, de nuevas ideas, debates e instrumentos para reorientar
los escenarios integrando ciudad y región. Por tanto, las particularidades del proceso de
conformación de la región metropolitana de Bogotá, así como el conocimiento de su entorno
natural de gran biodiversidad son los materiales para la construcción a largo plazo de un
escenario más plural.
Palabras clave: planif
Hybrid zone between Ctenomys lami and C. minutus: habitat alterations influence the evolutionary history of two burrowing rodent species of southern Brazil
Authors: de Freitas Thales R. O. , Ximenes Simone S. F.
Published: February 2025

Hybridization events provide insights into central questions in evolutionary biology regarding the role of reproductive isolation in speciation mechanisms. Because of that, there is increasing interest in understanding the patterns and processes underlying hybrid zones. The sister species Ctenomys minutus (2n = 48a) and Ctenomys lami (2n = 56) are burrowing rodents endemic to the southern Brazilian coastal plain and collectively exhibit high karyotype polymorphism. We analyzed chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation to assess their evolutionary history and confirm and characterize an interspecific hybrid zone between the species. Despite the absence of reciprocal monophyly of mtDNA lineages, C. minutus and C. lami maintain distinct geographical distributions as well as cytogenetic and morphological differences, suggesting that these incipient species are in the early stages of evolutionary differentiation. The 19 hybrid individuals we include in this analysis show intermediate karyotypic forms between the parental types. These admixed individuals all shared the same mtDNA haplotype that is otherwise only found in C. minutus. Although C. minutus and C. lami are incipient species, their unique differences require distinct conservation efforts. Conservation efforts should focus on maintaining the integrity of pure populations of both species and minimizing anthropogenically induced hybridization.
Mandibular Image Segmentation and 3d Reconstruction using U-Net Model
Authors: Izzi Mambaul , Fatichah Chastine , Fabroyir Hadziq
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan presisi dan efisiensi dalam segmentasi citra mandibula dan rekonstruksi 3D menggunakan model U-Net. Segmentasi otomatis dengan U-Net menangani tantangan metode manual yang memakan waktu. Struktur Encoder-Decoder pada U-Net memungkinkan pembelajaran fitur citra medis yang kompleks dengan akurasi tinggi, menghasilkan segmentasi yang konsisten dan presisi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Res U-Net mencapai performa segmentasi yang unggul dengan Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) sebesar 95,37%, meskipun memerlukan waktu komputasi yang lebih lama. Sementara itu, U-Net standar menawarkan efisiensi komputasi yang lebih tinggi dan cocok untuk aplikasi real-time meskipun akurasinya sedikit lebih rendah. Integrasi segmentasi dengan rekonstruksi 3D meningkatkan visualisasi anatomi mandibula, memperbaiki efektivitas perencanaan bedah, serta menyediakan alat simulasi interaktif untuk perawatan personal dan pelatihan profesional. Penggunaan standar DICOM memfasilitasi aksesibilitas antar perangkat medis, mendukung interoperabilitas sistem perawatan kesehatan. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa Res U-Net optimal untuk kebutuhan presisi tinggi, sedangkan U-Net lebih cocok untuk aplikasi dengan pemrosesan cepat. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memajukan teknologi segmentasi dan visualisasi medis yang andal dan efektif dalam praktik klinis.
Pengembangan Pemanfaatan Ban Dalam Bekas Sebagai Lifejacket Untuk Menunjang Keselamatan Kapal
Authors: Hasanudin Hasanudin , Utama I Ketut Aria Pria , Suastika I Ketut , Sulisetyono Aries , Setyawan Dony , Nasirudin Ahmad , Nugroho Ardi , Pribadi Sri Rejeki Wahyu , Rosa Andrea Grech La
Published: February 2025

Keselamatan kapal merupakan aspek penting dalam dunia pelayaran, namun peralatan keselamatan seperti lifejacket berstandar internasional sering kali terlalu mahal bagi pelayaran rakyat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan solusi alternatif yang lebih terjangkau. Salah satu inovasi yang ditawarkan adalah pemanfaatan ban dalam bekas sepeda motor, yang merupakan limbah karet sulit terurai, sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan lifejacket murah. Dalam program pengabdian masyarakat ini, dilakukan kolaborasi dengan peneliti dari University College London yang berkunjung ke Indonesia. Produk lifejacket dari ban dalam bekas sepeda motor telah melalui pengujian di laboratorium University College London dan uji coba lapangan di penyeberangan tambang Keputih-Wonorejo. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa produk ini layak digunakan sebagai alternatif yang ekonomis dan aman. Ke depannya, produk ini direncanakan untuk diterapkan di berbagai daerah lain. Inovasi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keselamatan kapal secara ekonomis sekaligus mengurangi limbah karet yang sulit terurai. Dengan demikian, program ini tidak hanya mendukung keselamatan pelayaran rakyat, tetapi juga berkontribusi pada pengelolaan limbah yang lebih berkelanjutan serta mendukung pelestarian lingkungan.
Teknologi Konversi Limbah Kayu Sebagai Bahan Bakar Wood PELLET pada Prototipe Tungku Fuel Wood Bagi Masyarakat Desa Tadukan Raga, Deli Serdang
Authors: Sidabutar Rivaldi , Fath Muhammad Thoriq Al , Dalimunthe Nisaul Fadilah , Hasibuan Gina Cynthia Raphita , Michael Michael , Ramadhan Aravi Zalsa , Sari Indah Mutya , Rambe Janeta Fazriah , Vazelim Valencia , Matondang Venansia Roulina
Published: February 2025

Permasalahan limbah serbuk kayu yang melimpah di Desa Tadukan Raga, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, membuka peluang untuk pengembangan energi terbarukan melalui produksi Wood PELLET (Productive Energy From Low-Cost Lumber Extraction Techniques). Limbah serbuk kayu yang selama ini tidak memiliki nilai jual optimal diolah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif berkalori tinggi menggunakan teknologi inovatif. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat sekaligus mendukung efisiensi energi. Solusi yang ditawarkan mencakup pemberdayaan masyarakat, pengembangan teknologi Wood PELLET, serta penyediaan prototipe tungku Fuel Wood yang mendukung efisiensi pembakaran. Hasil kegiatan mencakup survei awal untuk mengidentifikasi potensi biomassa dan kebutuhan masyarakat, serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan perangkat desa. Sosialisasi dan pelatihan diberikan kepada 20 warga Desa Tadukan Raga. Pelatihan ini melibatkan praktik langsung pembuatan Wood PELLET dan demonstrasi prototipe tungku Fuel Wood yang didesain untuk efisiensi pembakaran. Prototipe ini memiliki keunggulan dalam efisiensi panas, kemudahan penggunaan, dan kesinambungan operasi. Keberlanjutan program diwujudkan melalui pelatihan dan pengawasan berkelanjutan oleh tim Universitas Sumatera Utara, memastikan transfer teknologi dan peningkatan kapasitas masyarakat. Program ini tidak hanya meningkatkan nilai ekonomis limbah serbuk kayu tetapi juga mendukung transisi energi berkelanjutan di tingkat lokal.
Concurrent invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ arising inside and outside a breast hamartoma: A case report
Authors: Wei Lai , Tian Zhe , Wang Zhi-Yong , Liu Wei-Jia , Li Hong-Bo , Zhang Ying
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Breast hamartomas are rare benign breast tumors, with an incidence rate of 0.8%-4.8%. Further, the coexistence of hamartomas and carcinoma is also uncommon. Our case report presents a unique instance where invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and ductal carcinoma in situ were found both inside and outside a breast hamartoma. This is the second case reported in the literature.

CASE SUMMARY

A 51-year-old woman presented with a 6.0 cm breast tumor on mammography and ultrasound, with suspicious areas indicative of malignant transformation. Biopsy of the suspicious area confirmed IDC with intraductal carcinoma. Breast magnetic resonance imaging showed typical hamartoma changes with irregular areas of abnormal enhancement both inside and outside. A breast-conserving surgery was performed, and postoperative pathology confirmed mammary hamartoma, concurrent with IDC and intraductal carcinoma occurring both inside and outside the hamartoma. Subsequently, appropriate adjuvant therapy was initiated. Currently, the patient is in good condition. Breast cancer may be located both inside and outside the ipsilateral mammary hamartoma, which is difficult to detect preoperatively, especially when there is a focus of intraductal carcinoma, requiring accurate assessment of the tumor extent by modern imaging techniques. Early detection of the coexistence of cancer is clinically important as it can alter patient management.

CONCLUSION

This case emphasizes the importance of modern imaging techniques in accurately evaluating mammary hamartomas associated with malignancies prior to surgery.
Refractory Crohn's disease complicated with Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case report
Authors: Liu A-Niu , Yang Jia-Yi , Chen Xing-Yu , Wu Shan-Shan , Ji Zhi Se-Niu , Zheng Shu-Mei
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises a group of chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, with uncertain etiologies. The natural course of IBD can be accompanied by extraintestinal manifestations involving the skin, mucous membranes, musculoskeletal structures, eyes, cardiovascular system and nervous system. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a type of peripheral neuropathy. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of IBD combined with GBS are unclear, and only a few clinical cases have been reported. Here, we report a case of refractory CD complicated by GBS and review the previous literature to improve the understanding of these diseases.

CASE SUMMARY

A 34-year-old man had a 9-year history of refractory CD. He became unresponsive to multiple drugs and experienced recurrent intestinal fistulas. After several abdominal surgeries and treatment with ustekinumab, he achieved clinical remission. Unfortunately, he developed GBS during maintenance treatment with ustekinumab. According to previous reports, in some patients with IBD combined with GBS, GBS may be a comorbidity, an extraintestinal manifestation of IBD, or an adverse reaction to IBD therapeutic drugs. After a comprehensive evaluation, we suspected that GBS might have been a comorbidity in this patient. To avoid fatal disease relapse after medication discontinuation, we concluded that ustekinumab should not be withdrawn. On the basis of a joint decision between doctors and the patient, we decided to continue maintenance treatment with ustekinumab along with intravenous immunoglobulin, dexamethasone and traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture, which resulted in a steady improvement in his GBS symptoms and sustained remission of CD.

CONCLUSION

When IBD is complicated by a neurological disease, it is first necessary to analyze the patient's condition and then choose the corresponding treatment strategy. If the neurological disease is a specific comorbidity, treatment of both IBD and the comorbid disease should be considered. For IBD patients with extraintestinal manifestations involving the nervous system, neurological manifestations tend to resolve when the active IBD is controlled. When an adverse drug reaction is suspected, the medication should be discontinued, and symptomatic treatment should be administered.
Improving Distributed Network Resilience with Energy Storage: An Optimal Planning Strategy Based on Subjective and Objective Weight Method
Authors: Li Yu , Wang Bingqiang , Chen Yuzhou , Du Yaoxia , Du Juan , Liao Qingxi , Wu Yihong , Zhou Zhendong , Lu Qing , Zhu Liuyong , Lin Yujie
Published: February 2025

The integration of large-scale distributed photovoltaics (PVs) has improved the conventional resilience of distribution networks to a certain extent, but it has also made the power quality problems of distribution networks more prominent under steady-state operation. At the same time, the increase in the proportion of sensitive loads has also made the impact of voltage sag events increasingly serious, resulting in equipment damage and significant economic losses on the user side due to power quality problems when the conventional resilience assessment results of distribution networks are high. Based on this, this paper proposes an optimal planning strategy for improving the resilience of distributed networks based on subject and objective weight method. Firstly, for the proposed resilience assessment indicators, the improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to calculate the subjective weights of the indicators, and the entropy weight method is used to calculate the objective weights of the indicators. The optimal weight combining subjectivity and objectivity is obtained comprehensively. Secondly, by combining the proposed resilience and power quality indicators, a comprehensive resilience indicator objective function is established. Based on the second-order cone linearization method, a multi-objective energy storage (ES) optimization configuration model with the lowest daily operation cost and the optimal comprehensive resilience of the distribution network is established. Finally, based on IEEE 33 node simulation, the comparison of calculation examples shows that the proposed energy storage optimization configuration model can effectively reduce system economic costs, while improving the resilience and power quality level of the distribution network.
Assessment of the Distributed Generation Carrying Capacity in New-Type Distribution Networks Based on Different Load Levels
Authors: Zhao Zongluo , Li Yabo , Sun Qicheng , Li Ruifeng , Ma Zhenxu , Guo Dongbo
Published: February 2025

Currently, the large-scale grid connection of distributed generation, represented by wind electricity and photovoltaics, into distribution networks has become a trend. However, this massive integration can lead to a series of problems including grid frequency and voltage fluctuations, power system instability, equipment failures, power outages or interruptions, and a decline in power quality. This paper presents a way for assessing the carrying capacity of distributed generation under different load levels. Considering various factors influencing the carrying capacity, a comprehensive evaluation method is proposed by utilizing a multi-time scale factor matrix, an improved entropy weight method, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with a comprehensive weight way. Based on the thermal stability limit, the maximum DG injection is calculated using the reverse load ratio, and the carrying capacity of the distributed generation system is determined by gradually decreasing it at each voltage level to meet the specified criteria, considering the actual operating conditions and safety boundaries. Finally, through a case study analysis of a distribution network model in Zhejiang province, the carrying capacity of distributed generation in that region is obtained.
Determining the Correct Electrical Resistance of Conductors in Power Systems Analysis
Authors: Mitolo Massimo
Published: February 2025

The electrical resistance of a conductor varies with its material (e.g., copper or aluminum) and operating temperature.
This paper discusses the importance of determining conductor resistance at the appropriate temperature for voltage drop calculations, short-circuit current assessments, and ground-fault current evaluations in power system design. To normalize conductors based on their electrical characteristics, standards specify nominal cross-sectional areas uniquely associated with specific resistance values per unit length at 20∘
C. These resistance values, considering the metal’s resistivity, can be reliably measured, eliminating the need for potentially unreliable physical measurements, especially in stranded wires.
The paper highlights the need for conservative approaches in voltage drop calculations by considering maximum operating temperatures of insulation materials and outlines the methodologies for accurately determining the resistance for maximum and minimum prospective short-circuit currents calculations. Additionally, it addresses the significance of proper ground-fault currents calculations to ensure speedy protective device operation, thereby enhancing system safety and reliability. The principles and standards herein discussed are applicable across various global power systems, underscoring the universal importance of standardized practices in electrical resistance calculations.
Energy Storage Configuration Evaluation Method for Renewable Energy Consumption Based on Power Grid Development Planning and Resource Output Forecast Analysis
Authors: Ma Guozhen , Hu Shiyao , Wang Yunjia , Pang Ning , Yu Junyi
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the rapid development of new energy sectors, particularly photovoltaic and wind power, has introduced significant challenges stemming from their inherent randomness and volatility. This paper presents a systematic approach for effective evaluation of energy storage configurations. The study begins by examining the anticipated evolution of the power grid in alignment with China’s energy policies, focusing on the annual growth rates of wind power, photovoltaic systems, and energy demand. This analysis establishes a foundation for planning energy storage installations. Next, a forecasting method is employed to predict the output of both photovoltaic and wind energy resources. Building on this, a novel control strategy is proposed for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid, facilitating the determination of optimal energy contributions to ensure a stable power supply. A comprehensive energy storage configuration model is then developed, accompanied by a multi-faceted analytical framework to assess energy storage from perspectives such as environmental impact, economic feasibility, operational flexibility, and technological advancement. Ultimately, this research provides a scientific assessment of energy storage configurations, grounded in grid development projections and resource output forecasts.
«Diciendo sí y no a la vida como Cristo nos enseña»: María Zambrano, «Isla de Puerto Rico», Gabriela Mistral
Authors: Fernández Navas David
Published: February 2025

Estudiamos el discurso de María Zambrano en Isla de Puerto Rico y prestamos especial atención a una enigmática propuesta: "tomar en vilo el peso de la propia vida 'diciendo sí y no como Cristo nos enseña'”.  Ello nos llevará al sufismo de Ibn ‘Arabī y, finalmente, a una carta que Zambrano escribe en los años cincuenta a Gabriela Mistral.
Caída, salvación, música: una lectura comparada de María Zambrano y Gastón Soublette
Authors: Gálvez Silva Gabriel
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del presente trabajo es despejar un hipotético entramado de correspondencias entre María Zambrano y el pensador chileno Gastón Soublette, observando en ambos su comprometida atención a la salvación conforme a una preliminar caída. Examinadas las respectivas fisonomías que presentan «caída» y «salvación» en Zambrano y Soublette, nuestro examen concluye con una revisión en los dos autores del papel soteriológico de la música.
La neuroeducació transformant l’aula: una mirada a l’aprenentatge a l’Escola Octavio Paz
Authors: Godes Alicia , Mas Estefanía , Vicálvaro Ana
Published: February 2025

La creixent preocupació per la millora dels resultats acadèmics i per com podem ajudar a aprendre als infants per tal que l’aprenentatge sigui significatiu ens porta a preguntar-nos i qüestionar-nos com funciona l’aprenentatge i per què aprenem com aprenem. És per això que, la neurociència, ens pot donar respostes a totes aquestes preguntes que tant docents com famílies ens fem contínuament, determinant quins factors i quines variables cal tenir en compte per facilitar i personalitzar l’aprenentatge dels infants.
A l’Escola Octavio Paz s’ha transformat el projecte educatiu per tal d’adaptar-lo a les necessitats reals dels infants, les famílies i la societat del segle XXI. En aquest procés i en aquest canvi de mirada i metodològic, la neurociència ha estat molt present en tot moment, amb l’ajuda de la Càtedra de Neuroeducació de la Universitat de Barcelona, l’equip educador s’ha sentit acompanyat en aquesta investigació sobre què és ensenyar i per saber com s'aprèn.
La situación jurisprudencial de las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida en los tribunales peruanos
Authors: Varsi-Rospigliosi Enrique , Valdivia Fierro Twany Fiorella
Published: February 2025

La situación peruana en materia de Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida – TERAS, ha tenido un notable incremento desde las últimas décadas debido al surgimiento de diversos factores de índole patológico y/o social que ha generado que las personas recurran a estos nuevos métodos debido al padecimiento de lo que la Organización Mundial de la Salud  cataloga como una enfermedad: la infertilidad. En ese sentido, se evidencia que las TERAS vienen cobrando especial preponderancia en el ámbito nacional; sin embargo, al no encontrarse reguladas de forma expresa en la normativa peruana, se han generado una serie de problemas legales en el reconocimiento del vínculo filial de los nacidos por este procedimiento respecto de quienes tuvieron la “voluntad procreacional” de concebirlos. Estos problemas han suscitado diversa jurisprudencia que en su mayoría ha recaído en la determinación de una maternidad o paternidad alternativa. Es así que el presente artículo tiene como objeto presentar y analizar los distintos casos discutidos en la Corte Suprema y en el Tribunal Constitucional del Perú en materia de TERAS, siendo la “ovodonación” y la “gestación subrogada” las que han logrado diversos pronunciamientos judiciales que vienen planteando una interesante línea jurisprudencial sustentada en principios generales del Derecho.
Legitimidad de la eutanasia en salud mental: un análisis crítico desde la bioética
Authors: Ramos-Pozón Sergio
Published: February 2025

La Ley Orgánica 3/2021, reguladora de la eutanasia en España (LORE) entró en vigor el 25 de junio de 2021. Esta ley exige para la solicitud de eutanasia que el paciente sufra una enfermedad grave e incurable o un padecimiento grave crónico incapacitante, y que tenga competencia para tomar dicha decisión. En ese sentido, cabe legítimamente que un paciente con enfermedad mental solicite ayuda para morir. En este artículo, realizamos una exploración crítica de los conceptos de "enfermedad grave e incurable" y "padecimiento grave crónico incapacitante", exponiendo en detalle sus significados y sus implicaciones teórico-prácticas. Es necesario una evaluación más matizada de la "incurabilidad" y la "irremediabilidad" en el contexto de la salud mental, para poder reconocer que los desafíos en definir y medir el sufrimiento mental, así como la enfermedad incurable, no deben ser un obstáculo para el reconocimiento de la eutanasia y/o el suicidio asistido en estos pacientes. Además, analizamos críticamente argumentos contrarios a la prestación de ayuda a morir en pacientes psiquiátricos y estudiamos su pretendido fundamento conceptual, así como la base empírica para demostrarlo. Defendemos la legitimidad de la solicitud de ayuda a morir en salud mental, bajo los criterios exigidos por la LORE, rechazando así posturas paternalistas que implican más estigmas y discriminaciones.
Regulación de los hallazgos secundarios e incidentales derivados del análisis genético: desde el ámbito clínico hasta el Espacio Europeo de Datos de Salud
Authors: Lazcoz Moratinos Guillermo , Nicolás Jiménez Pilar , Ayuso García Carmen
Published: February 2025

El desarrollo y disponibilidad de tecnologías ómicas de alto rendimiento, como la secuenciación completa del exoma (WES) y del genoma (WGS), suscitan nuevos retos ético-jurídicos. En este estudio normativo abordamos los retos relativos al manejo de hallazgos -secundarios e incidentales- potencialmente relevantes desde el punto de vista clínico que no están relacionados con la indicación principal de las pruebas genéticas. Con el objetivo de aportar claridad sobre la normativa aplicable a estos hallazgos y permitir una previsión, planificación y gestión colectiva de los mismos, analizamos dos bloques normativos fundamentales: la legislación sectorial -sanitaria y de investigación biomédica- aplicable a la realización de análisis genéticos y la normativa de protección de datos personales. Como resultado principal de este análisis aportamos una tabla en la que se visualiza el distinto tratamiento que debe darse a estos hallazgos en función de si son secundarios o incidentales, y de si se producen en contextos asistenciales o de investigación, incluyendo usos secundarios de datos como el Espacio Europeo de Datos de Salud.
Successful (and Unsuccessful) Recruitment Approaches and Participant Loss in a Down Syndrome Survey
Authors: Shaffer Mikayla , Co John Patrick T. , Donelan Karen , Skotko Brian G. , Torres Amy , Winickoff Jonathan P. , Santoro Stephanie L.
Published: February 2025

We recruited caregivers of individuals ages 0–21 with Down syndrome (DS) to complete an electronic survey. Multiple recruitment sources and methods were used. From 2023–2024, we received 542 valid, complete survey responses. We found the most success with use of DS affiliate organizations, the DS-Connect® contact registry for DS, and outreach to DS clinic patients. Of those who started the screener, 1,569 people screened in and were eligible; of those eligible, 730 (46.5%) consented. We experienced bots and fraudsters despite efforts to minimize those respondents from the outset. We present lessons learned in surveying caregivers from a low-incidence medical condition, with focus on our experience with invalid respondents, to inform other researchers conducting survey research related to genetic syndromes.
A Counter-Story: "The Daughter Who Became My Mother" in Margo Jefferson's Negroland
Authors: Jones Holly Lowe
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This article expands on Margo Jefferson's depiction of depression and suicide in her unprecedented memoir Negroland: A Memoir (2015) by illustrating a variance in the representation of motherhood, mental health, and family dynamics in the Black American upper-class. While Jefferson does a notable job of attending to the complexity of social life among Chicago's black elite in Negroland , her memoir remains the only account of its kind. Furthermore, her characterizations of motherhood, depression, and suicide in the Black bourgeoisie—while perhaps remarkable in the way they stand in contrast to stereotypical representations of the Black mother figure and death in American literature—are essentialized and therefore at risk of becoming tropes. Suicide among African American men has been on the rise for at least the past fifty years yet remains under-researched among all classes of African Americans. Jefferson thematically introduces elements of trauma but fails to examine the root causes, which risks the implicit reinforcement of a majoritarian narrative. Where Jefferson merely haunts Negroland with visages of suicide and depression, I am interested in materializing the conditions that led to such depths of despondence. Through sharing the story of my mother who grew up in the same social circle as Margo Jefferson, but under different family circumstances, this article offers a diverging frame of the Black bourgeoisie family dynamic, thereby expanding the historical dimensions of this exclusive Black experience.
The Fate of the Document in Library and Information Science
Authors: Fuller Steve
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Library and information science is torn between two radically different understandings of one of the field’s foundational concepts, the document. The “library” side of the field sees the document as generative, while the “information” side sees it as residual, if not “dead on arrival.” The essay begins by tracing this difference to Kant’s distinction between the “purposive” and the “purposeful.” A purposive entity is one oriented toward an end, whose exact nature remains unknown, whereas a purposeful entity has a clear end whose degree of realization can be determined. In library and information science, the former marks a more humanistic approach to documentation, and the latter, a more scientific one, whereby a document’s value lies primarily in identifying the code of which it is an articulation. The essay concludes by arguing that Don Swanson’s notion of “undiscovered public knowledge” can serve as a master synthetic concept capable of bringing together the two rival understandings of the document.
Truth and Agency: Rethinking the Definition of Information
Authors: Obille Kathleen Lourdes B.
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This paper argues that while truth is appealing and compelling as a necessary condition in defining information, this limits our understanding of information. It argues for truth-neutral definitions of information and acknowledges epistemic agents as the center for understanding information. It also argues that meaning and truth are co-constructed by epistemic agents, thus giving the agency to the receiver(s) of information as they make sense of it in their varying contexts. With the need to understand how information plays within communities, and how communities make sense of information and form knowledge, library and information science should not only turn to philosophy of information but complement it with social epistemology. Acknowledging the agency of individuals and the contributions of other individuals to the process of information, I refer to social epistemology as a framework for the practice of library and information science and to philosophy of information as the framework for understanding information concepts. This acknowledges that being informed is an individual as well as a community process.
Re-Visiting the Revised Knowledge Pyramid
Authors: Haas Aric
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Knowledge hierarchy models often take a bottom-up or top-down structure. Data are either empirical beliefs that form a solid foundation or observations that presuppose the knowledge required to record them in structured databases. In an attempt to connect these definitions and construct a bidirectional knowledge hierarchy, one may fall back to foundationalist epistemology, where data are immediately known through sensory experience. In this article, Wilfrid Sellars’s account of the myth of the given is presented to highlight the incompatibility between these two accounts of data. Further, Sellars’s positive account of observation is introduced to propose a method for defining data as both presupposing knowledge and a starting point for a bidirectional knowledge hierarchy.
Struggling toward Empathic Witness in Blood Meridian
Authors: Shear Ricky
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian is often understood as a novel whose externalist narration, reprehensible characters, and extreme violence reject empathy. This essay draws on cognitive literary studies to argue that, rather than rejecting empathy, Blood Meridian strains productively against normative relationships between reader, novel, and empathy, relationships typically defined by comfort or seduction, to call readers to practice difficult empathy. By leaving characters' minds unnarrated, the novel creates a barrier to easy empathy and an opportunity for ambiguous, effortful empathic imagining. This externalist narration works in concert with the novel's conception of witnessing, which asserts the ethical stakes of attending to others' inner lives by suggesting that witnessing others with empathy enables one to "poison" Judge Holden's enterprise of violence. Embracing the novel's invitation to empathic witness equips readers to testify to the value of others' lives and to empathy's enduring ethical potential amid a culture of exploitation and war.
How does negative new media coverage impact audit fees, cost cover, or risk premium? Based on the data from WeChat official account by Crawler Technology
Authors: Feng Tao , Zhang Chuan , Liu LiXia , Lin Xin
Published: February 2025

This study empirically investigates the relationship between negative new media coverage and audit fees by collecting a sample of nonfinancial listed companies on the main board of the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) from 2017 to 2019, along with data on negative new media coverage of official WeChat public accounts founded by the most influential national financial newspaper obtained using a crawler. This study revealed that: 1. Audit fees are significantly and positively related to negative news media coverage; 2. The increase in audit fees is due to the fact that if a listed company undergoes negative new media coverage, the accounting firm that audits the company will consequently increase risk premium and thus audit fees. We found no evidence that accounting firms spend more time and effort on audit work after a listed company experiences negative new media coverage; 3. Analyst-tracking has a moderating effect on negative new media coverage and audit fees, leading to an increase in audit fees; 4. Negative media reporting on non-state-owned enterprises is more likely to cause accounting firms to increase their audit fees than their state-owned peers, whereas “non-Big Four” accounting firms are more likely to increase their audit fees for companies with negative new media reports. This study, based on the differing impacts of negative new media coverage, intended to unravel the intricate relationship between different types of negative new media coverage and audit fees, help understand the mechanism whereby negative reporting impacts audit fees, and provides a benchmark for the development of a feasible audit fee system.
Machine learning-based prediction of distant metastasis risk in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Authors: Dong Jingru , Lei Ruijiao , Ma Feiyang , Yu Lu , Wang Lanlan , Xu Shangzhi , Hu Yunhua , Sun Jialin , Zhang Wenwen , Wang Haixia , Zhang Li
Published: February 2025

More than 90% of deaths due to breast cancer (BC) are due to metastasis-related complications, with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast being the most common pathologic type of breast cancer and highly susceptible to metastasis to distant organs. BC patients who develop cancer metastases are more likely to have a poor prognosis and poor quality of life, so it is extremely important to recognize and diagnose whether distant metastases have occurred in IDC as early as possible. In this study, we develop a non-invasive breast cancer classification system for detecting cancer metastasis. We used Anaconda-Jupyter notebooks to develop various Python programming modules for text mining, data processing, and machine learning (ML) methods. A risk prediction model was constructed based on four algorithms: Random Forest, XGBoost, Logistic Regression, and SVM. Additionally, we developed a hybrid model based on a voting mechanism using these four algorithms as the base models. The models were compared and evaluated by the following metrics: accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) values. The experimental results show that the hybrid model based on the voting mechanism exhibits the best prediction performance (accuracy: 0.867, precision: 0.929, recall: 0.805, F1-score: 0.856, AUC: 0.94). This stable risk prediction model provides a valuable reference support for doctors in assessing and diagnosing the risk of IDC hematogenous metastasis. It also improves the work efficiency of doctors and strives to provide patients with increased chances of survival.
Temporal distribution shifts of Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) with sea surface temperature changes at their southern limit in the North Pacific
Authors: Kim Beom-Sik , Jung Hae Kun , Park Jong Won , Kim Ju Kyoung , Lee Chung Il
Published: February 2025

Understanding the responses of marine organisms to environmental changes at their distribution limits is crucial for predicting climate-change associated habitat changes. This study analyzed the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on the temporal distribution of Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in the eastern and southern coastal waters of Korea (ESCK) and on the southern limit of their distribution in the North Pacific. The temporal distribution of Chum in the ESCK and adjacent rivers was statistically compared based on three SST types (T1–T3). Chum were first caught in the northern and then in the southern area, with riverine migration occurring faster in the south than in the north. These migration patterns did not change with SST type. There was no significant difference in the coastal arrival timing of the Chum between T1 and T3, which respectively represented the entire region cooling either rapidly or slowly compared to an average year. In T2, in which the north cooled rapidly and the south cooled slowly, the coastal arrival timing was approximately 4 days earlier compared to T1 and T3. Moreover, as the SST type shifted from T1 to T3, the coastal residence time in the north became shorter, while in the south became longer. These findings help us to understand the adaptation strategies of Chum, and to predict changes in their distribution and resources in the North Pacific under climate change.
Elevated ambient temperature reduces fat storage through the FoxO-mediated insulin signaling pathway
Authors: Hopkins Tucker , Ragsdale Cole , Seo Jin
Published: February 2025

Temperature profoundly impacts all living organisms, influencing development, growth, longevity, and metabolism. Specifically, when adult flies are exposed to high temperatures, there is a notable reduction in their body fat content. We investigate the roles of the insulin signaling pathway in temperature-mediated fat storage. This pathway is not only highly conserved from insects to mammals but also crucial in regulating lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and tissue growth. The Forkhead box O (FoxO) protein functions as a key downstream signaling molecule in this pathway, mediating the inhibitory effects of insulin signaling. At elevated temperatures, direct targets of FoxO, such as insulin receptor (InR), Thor (Drosophila eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein), and FoxO itself, are significantly upregulated, which indicates an inhibition of insulin signaling. Interestingly, this inhibition seems to occur independently of Drosophila insulin-like peptide (Ilp) stimuli, as not all Ilp transcripts were reduced at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, when S2R + Drosophila cells are incubated at high temperatures, there is a marked decrease in Akt phosphorylation, directly supporting the notion that elevated temperatures can inhibit insulin signaling in a cell-autonomous manner, independent of Ilp levels. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that either constitutively active InR or knockdown of FoxO prevents the reduction of body fat at high temperatures. Together, these findings highlight the critical role of the insulin signaling-FoxO branch in regulating lipid homeostasis under heat stress conditions.
Error-corrected ultradeep next-generation sequencing for detection of clonal haematopoiesis and haematological neoplasms – sensitivity, specificity and accuracy
Authors: Tursky Melinda L. , Artuz Crisbel M. , Rapadas Melissa , Wittert Gary A. , Molloy Timothy J. , Ma David D.
Published: February 2025

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an aging-associated phenomenon that has recently been correlated with a broad spectrum of human diseases, including haematological malignancy, cytopenia, coronary heart disease, stroke, and overall mortality. CHIP is defined as a somatic variant in blood cells with an allele frequency (VAF) ≥ 0.02, however recent reports show smaller clones are associated with poorer clinical outcome. Error-corrected ultradeep next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays detecting variants < 0.02 VAF also have clinical value for monitoring measurable residual disease (MRD) for myeloid neoplasms. However, limited data are available on optimal parameters, limits of detection, and accuracy of ultra-sensitive detection. We investigated parameters to improve accuracy of Illumina sequencing-by-synthesis method, including read depth, input DNA quantity, and molecular barcoding-based data filtering, while adhering to clinical accreditation criteria. Validation data were generated from reference standards and reference samples from a clinically accredited pathology laboratory. Analytical range measurements included linearity and bias, and precision included repeatability, reproducibility and detection rate. The lower limit of detection was ≥ 0.004 (0.4%) at depth > 3,000 × . Trueness measured using reference standards demonstrated a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of 100%, including FLT3-ITD, and 100% concordance was achieved with reference samples for reported variants and absence of variants. Sequencing blood samples from 383 community-dwelling adults (mean depth 3758×) revealed 2,190 somatic variants/sample, > 99.9% were < 0.02 VAF. Our data including cost-benefit analysis enables pathology and research laboratories to make informed decisions for detection of CHIP (VAF ≥ 0.02), sub-CHIP (VAF 0.01–0.02) and MRD (VAF ≥ 0.004).
Audible changes in marine trophic ecology: Baleen whale song tracks foraging conditions in the eastern North Pacific
Authors: Ryan John P. , Oestreich William K. , Benoit-Bird Kelly J. , Waluk Chad M. , Rueda Carlos A. , Cline Danelle E. , Zhang Yanwu , Cheeseman Ted , Calambokidis John , Fahlbusch James A. , Barkowski Jack , Fleming Alyson H. , Turner Tomaszewicz Calandra N. , Santora Jarrod A. , Margolina Tetyana , Joseph John E. , Friedlaender Ari S. , Goldbogen Jeremy A.
Published: February 2025

Among tremendous biodiversity within the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) are gigantic mysticetes (baleen whales) that produce structured sequences of sound described as song. From six years of passive acoustic monitoring within the central CCE we measured seasonal and interannual variations in the occurrence of blue (Balaenoptera musculus), fin (Balaenoptera physalus), and humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae) whale song. Song detection during 11 months of the year defines its prevalence in this foraging habitat and its potential use in behavioral ecology research. Large interannual changes in song occurrence within and between species motivates examination of causality. Humpback whales uniquely exhibited continuous interannual increases, rising from 34% to 76% of days over six years, and we examine multiple hypotheses to explain this exceptional trend. Potential influences of physical factors on detectability – including masking and acoustic propagation – were not supported by analysis of wind data or modeling of acoustic transmission loss. Potential influences of changes in local population abundance, site fidelity, or migration timing were supported for two of the interannual increases in song detection, based on extensive local photo ID data (17,356 IDs of 2,407 individuals). Potential influences of changes in foraging ecology and efficiency were supported across all years by analyses of the abundance and composition of forage species. Following detrimental food web impacts of a major marine heatwave that peaked during the first year of the study, foraging conditions consistently improved for humpback whales in the context of their exceptional prey-switching capacity. Stable isotope data from humpback and blue whale biopsy samples are consistent with observed interannual variations in the regional abundance and composition of forage species. This study thus indicates that major interannual changes in detection of baleen whale song may reflect underlying variations in forage species availability driven by energetic variations in ecosystem state.