bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analytical Approach of Error Detection and Correction for On-board Nano Satellite
Authors: Hasan Mahmudul , Islam Md. Motaharul
Published: September 2022

Nanosatellites are persistently progressing and creating global communication and data transmission worldwide. It builds up a colossal request for more progressed and dependable frameworks that can perform faster and more reliable information transmission. An approach has been distinguished as a good plot for anticipating single bit and multiple bit errors that are influencing On-board Nanosatellites. In this paper, we have proposed an Analytical Approach of Error Detection and Correction for On-board Nanosatellite. We have planned the framework separately with three distinctive parts: an encoding, error checking, and decoding portion. It has been created so that amid information exchange from satellite to the ground station, it analyzes six camera pictures simultaneously with the assistance of FPGA and EDAC strategies. We have presented the progressed turbo mechanics EDAC for unprecedented transfer speeds of satellite communication and execution examination with the AWGN and Rayleigh channels to extend the proficiency. EDAC strategies codes are tried in MATLAB and appear in graphical plots. This method is straightforward and accomplishes unwavering quality and exactness compared to comparable strategies.
Terahertz-induced martensitic transformation in partially stabilized zirconia
Authors: Nagai Masaya , Higashitani Yuhei , Ashida Masaaki , Kusakabe Koichi , Niioka Hirohiko , Hattori Azusa , Tanaka Hidekazu , Isoyama Goro , Ozaki Norimasa
Published: September 2022

Martensitic crystal structures are usually obtained by rapid thermal quenching of certain alloys, which induces stress and subsequent shear deformation. Here, we demonstrate that it is also possible to intentionally excite a suitable transverse acoustic phonon mode to induce a local shear deformation. We irradiate the surface of a partially stabilized zirconia plate with intense terahertz pulses and verify martensitic transformation from the tetragonal to the monoclinic phases by Raman spectroscopy and the observed destructive spallation of the zirconia microcrystals. We calculate the phonon modes in tetragonal zirconia and determine the effective channel that triggers the transformation. These modes can be excited via the Klemens process. Since terahertz pulses can induce a specific local shear deformation beyond thermal equilibrium, they can be used to elucidate phase transformation mechanisms with dynamical approaches. Terahertz-induced martensitic transformation is considered to be useful for material strengthening and shape memory ceramics.
Analysis of the Relations between Forestry Financial Supports and Forest Crimes
Authors: Sevinç Volkan
Published: September 2022

Forest crimes are among the serious threats destroying forests. To prevent the forest crimes there are various solutions proposed such as fortification of the laws, increasing the penalties, or increasing the public awareness. This article, however, suggests an alternative solution of preventing the forest crimes by investigating the relations between the individual financial supports provided to forest villagers and the rates of various forest crime types in Turkey. The study shows that, when the forest villagers are given financial supports, the levels of illegal logging, illegally expended trees, and illegal pasturage crimes decrease significantly. However, the financial supports do not affect the levels of illegal transfer of the forestry products, illegally expanding the lands into the forests, and illegal occupation of the forest areas crimes.
Perceived clinical practice competency and Determinant factors among undergraduate Harar Health Science college students Easter Ethiopia
Authors: bekele zelalalem , mohammed Abdusamed , Besher Furo
Published: September 2022

Background
Clinical practice is one of the major mechanism students to apply theoretical knowledge in to practice. This correlation of theory and practice, and the building of meaningful experience, take place during clinical practice in the health care
Objective
The aim study was to assess Perceived clinical practice competency and Determinant factors among Harar Health Science college students Easter Ethiopia
Methods
Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted to collect the data to assess factors affecting the clinical practice competency among health science student in Harar Health Science College simple random sampling was applied to select study subject. Data were entered using Epi data version 3.5.finally exported and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify independent predictors
Result
The prevalence of perceived clinical practice competency was 125(47.5%). Students with adequate clinical case in practical placement were four times more likely perceived clinically competent than those students with inadequate clinical case with (AOR = 3.958, 95% CI 1.24, 12.7). students with instructor Spent enough time on clinical place were 2.4 times more likely perceived themselves clinically competent with (AOR = 2.42 95%:CI 1.4,4.3) than students with no clinical instructor support
Conclusion and Recommendation:
Clinical instructor support, adequate clinical case in practical placement, use continuous assessment checklist and integration of three learning domain were factors affect clinical practice competency of the students. So improving supervision of clinical instructors, appropriate selection of clinical site and design appropriate clinical practice protocol has important to enhance clinical practice competency of students.
Retrospective evaluation of the impact of dose escalation using pre-operative simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy on the outcome of locally advanced rectal cáncer patients
Authors: elashwah ahmed , alsuhaibani abdullah , abduljabbar alaa , alsanea nasser , Alhomoud samar , ashari luai , Bazarbashi Shouki , aljubran ali , alzahrani ahmed , awad ahmed , Almanea Hadeel , alhussini hessah , alshabanah mohamed
Published: September 2022

Purpose
evaluating the outcome of preoperative simultaneous integrated boost volumetric modulated arc therapy (SIB-VMAT) concomitant with Capecitabine in patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the period January 2013 - December 2019.
Results
Total of134 patients were enrolled. The median age at diagnosis was 59 years. All patients received pre-operative concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) usingSIB-VMAT with oral capecitabine. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered prior to CCRT in 32 patients (23.9%). The dose of radiation was 55 Gy in 94 patients (70.1%), while 40 patients (29.9%) received 50 Gy. All patients completed the CCRT treatment without breaks. No records of acute and late grade III and IV toxicities. Curative surgery was performed in all patients with a median interval of 11 (6-52) weeks between the end of CCRT and the date of surgery. No reported 30-days postoperative mortality and no grade III and IV Clavien-Dindo complications. PCR was reported in 26 patients (19.4%), while pathologically negative nodes (pN0) were achieved in 103 patients (76.9%). Adjuvant chemotherapy was utilized in 57 patients (42.5%). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were 93.2%, 67.1%, and 87.3%, respectively. Only Tumor regression grade (TRG) was significantly correlated with LRFS, (p-value 0.043). On multivariate analysis, only (TRG) and achievement of pN0 were significantly correlated with DFS,(p value<0.001).
Conclusion
Dose escalation utilizing (SIB-VMAT) in the preoperative treatment of LARC is well tolerated and provides effective local control.
Night Eating Syndrome Subtypes: Differences in Binge Eating and Food Addiction Symptoms
Authors: Echeverri Brenda , Kozak Andrea T. , Gildner Daniel J. , Pickett Scott M.
Published: September 2022

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to examine differences in binge eating and food addiction symptoms between NES latent subtypes: evening hyperphagia with nocturnal ingestions (EHNI), evening hyperphagia-only (EHO; without nocturnal ingestions), and nocturnal ingestions-only (NIO; without evening hyperphagia). It was hypothesized that the EHNI group would report more binge eating behaviors and more food addiction symptoms than both the EHO and NIO groups. Further, it was hypothesized that the EHO and NIO groups would differ with the EHO group reporting more binge eating behaviors and the NIO group reporting more food addiction symptoms. Methods Participants completed measures online relating to night eating, binge eating, and food addiction symptoms. Responses to the NEQ (Allison et al., 2008) were used to create an EHNI group (n = 65), an EHO group (n = 32), and a NIO group (n = 69). ANOVAs were conducted to examine between-group differences on disordered eating symptoms. Results The results indicated that participants in the EHNI group reported more severe binge eating and food addition symptoms than those in the EHO and NIO groups. However, there were no significant differences in binge eating or food addiction between the EHO and NIO groups. Conclusion Individuals who meet both NES core criteria (evening hyperphagia and nocturnal ingestions) appear to be at a higher risk for experiencing more severe binge eating symptoms and meeting suggested criteria for food addiction diagnosis. Implications concerning assessment and future research on NES typology and comorbid disordered eating pathology are discussed. Level of Evidence: Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study
The influence of the structure (surface roughness, pore size, and porosity) of 3D printed silk-fibroin-based scaffolds on the growth of the bronchial epithelial cells in vitro
Authors: Zhong Nongping , Chen Zhongchun , Dong Tao , Shao Zhengzhong , Zhao Xia
Published: September 2022

The structure (surface topography, pore size, and porosity) of 3D scaffolds plays an important role in tissue regeneration. However, the parameters of 3D printed silk-fibroin (SF)-based scaffolds suitable for tracheal epithelium growth have not been studied. In this research, we investigated the effects of 3D printed silk fibroin/Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (SF/HPMC) scaffolds with different structures on the behaviors of adhesion and proliferation of the tracheal epithelium in vitro. Six types of 3D printed SF/HPMC scaffolds with different surface topography, pore size and porosity were fabricated by extrusion 3D printer. The porosity of 20 wt% SF/HPMC scaffolds with rough or smooth surfaces, and 30 wt% SF/HPMC scaffolds with rough or smooth surfaces were 70.5 ±2.0%、65.5 ±6.1%、63.9 ±2.1%、59.6 ±2.1%, respectively; and the 20 wt% SF/HPMC scaffolds with rough surface had 2 types of macro-pore size, 443.9±104.1μm and 681.1±115.1μm. Normal human bronchial epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2Bcells) were cultured on these scaffolds for 7 days. The cell proliferation was detected by live/dead cell staining and CCK-8 assay, and the morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed the scaffolds with rough surface, higher porosity (65.5 ±6.1%) and small pore size (443.9±104.1μm) showed better effect on BEAS-2B cells proliferation than those with smooth surface, lower porosity (59.6 ±2.1%) and large pore size (681.1±115.1μm). In summary, SF/HPMC scaffolds with rough surface, higher porosity, and small pore size might facilitate BEAS-2B cells growth. This provides a research basis for selecting 3D printed SF/HPMC scaffolds with suitable structure for the repairing of tracheal defects.
Impact of developing dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury on long-term mortality in cancer patients with septic shock
Authors: Kim June-sung , Kim Youn-Jung , Kim Ye-Jee , Kim Won Young
Published: September 2022

Considering recent advances in both cancer and sepsis management, we were to evaluate the associated factors for occurrence of septic acute kidney injury (AKI) in cancer patients using a nationwide population-based cohort data. Using data from the National Health Insurance Service of Korea, adult cancer patients who presented to emergency department with septic shock from 2009 to 2017 were analyzed. Cox-proportional hazard model was conducted to evaluate the clinical effect of sepsis-related AKI requiring dialysis. Among 42,477 adult cancer patients with septic shock (90% solid and 10% hematologic cancer cases), dialysis-requiring AKI occurred in 5,449 (12.8%). Recovery from dialysis within 30-day was 77.9% and overall, 30-day and 2-year mortality rates were 52.1% and 85.1%, respectively. Oncologic patients with dialysis-requiring AKI were frequently occurred in male, history of hypertension, diabetes, congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and patients with hematologic cancer. In multivariate Cox-proportional hazard model showed that dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury had the highest adjusted hazard ratio of 1.353 (95% confidence interval 1.313–1.395) for 2-year mortality. Dialysis-requiring septic AKI is not occurred commonly (about 13%). However, it had a significant association with the increased long-term mortality which emphasis on the prevention of AKI particularly in male hematologic cancer patients.
Applying value-based strategies to accelerate access to novel cancer medications: guidance from the Oncology Health Economics Expert Panel in Qatar (Q-OHEP)
Authors: Hamad Anas , Elazzazy Shereen , Bujassoum Salha , Rasul Kakil , Gaziev Javid , Cherif Honar , Al-Boloshi Zakiya , Hanssens Yolande , Saleh Ayman , Rasheed Hadi Abu , Al-Badriyeh Daoud , Babiker Ahmed , Hmaidan Amid Abu , Al-Hail Moza
Published: September 2022

Background: In line with global trends, cancer incidence and mortality may have decreased for specific types of cancer in Qatar. However, the cancer-related burden on patients, healthcare systems, and the economy is expected to expand; thus, cancer remains a significant public healthcare issue in Qatar. Qatar’s free access to cancer care represents a considerable economic burden. Ensuring the best utilization of financial resources in the healthcare sector is important to provide unified and fair access to cancer care for all patients. Experts from the Qatar Oncology Health Economics Expert Panel (Q-OHEP) aimed to establish a consistent and robust base for evaluating oncology/hematology medications; involve patients’ insights to accelerate access to cutting-edge medications; increase the value of cancer care; and reach a consensus for using cost-effective strategies and efficient methodologies in cancer treatment.
Methods: The Q-OHEP convened on 30 November 2021 for a 3-hour meeting to discuss cancer management, therapeutics, and health economics in Qatar, focusing on four domains: (1) regulatory, (2) procurement, (3) treatment, and (4) patients. Discussions, guided by a moderator, focused on a list of suggested open-ended questions.
Results: Some of the salient recommendations included the development of a formal, fast-track, preliminary approval pathway for drugs needed by patients with severe disease or in critical condition; and encouraging and promoting the conduct of local clinical trials and real-world observational studies using existing registry data. The Q-OHEP also recommended implementing a forecast system using treatment center data based on the supply/demand of formulary oncology drugs to detect treatment patterns, estimate needs, expedite procurement, and prevent shortages/delays. Furthermore, the panel discussed the needs to define value concerning cancer treatment in Qatar, implement models for decision-making based on said value according to health technology assessment or multiple-criteria decision analysis, and promote patient education and involvement/feedback in developing and implementing cancer management guidelines.
Conclusions: Herein, we summarize the first Q-OHEP consensus recommendations, which aim to provide a solid basis for evaluating, registering, and approving new cancer medications to accelerate patient access to novel cancer treatments in Qatar; promote/facilitate the adoption and collection of patient-reported outcomes; and implement value-based cancer care in Qatar.
Bioinformatics analysis of potential key genes and pathways in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Liu Xuexiu , Zhang Xianhong , Li Luquan , Wang Jianhui , Chen Yanhan , Wu Liping
Published: September 2022

Objective
To detect differentially expressed genes in patients with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by bioinformatics methods and to provide new ideas and research directions for the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of NEC.
Methods
Gene chip data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The genes that were differentially expressed in NEC compared with normal intestinal tissues were screened with GEO2R. The functions, pathway enrichment and protein interactions of these genes were analyzed with DAVID and STRING. Then, the core network genes and significant protein interaction modules were detected using Cytoscape software.
Results
Overall, a total of 236 differentially expressed genes were detected, including 225 upregulated genes and 11 downregulated genes, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed. The results indicated that the upregulated differentially expressed genes were related to the dimerization activity of proteins, while the downregulated differentially expressed genes were related to the activity of cholesterol transporters. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly concentrated in metabolism and fat digestion and absorption pathways. Through STRING analysis, 9 key genes in the protein network interaction map were identified: EPCAM, CDH1, CFTR, IL-6, APOB, APOC3, APOA4, SLC2A and NR1H4.
Conclusion
Metabolic pathways and biological processes may play important roles in the development of NEC. The screening of possible core targets by bioinformatics is helpful in clarifying the pathogenesis of NEC at the gene level and in providing references for further research.
Malnutrition according to the Global Leadership initiative on Malnutrition in persons with spinal cord injury
Authors: Slettahjell Hanne , Bastakis Maria , Biering-Sørensen Fin , Strøm Vegard , Henriksen Christine
Published: September 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Palmitic acid inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell switch to synthetic phenotype through upregulation of miR-22 expression
Authors: Hu Yanchao , Fan Yajie , Zhang Chunyan , Wang Congxia
Published: September 2022

Background
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype switch to a dedifferentiated, synthetic phenotype has been shown to play a vital role in many vascular diseases. Mounting evidence has shown that fatty acid metabolism is highly associated with vascular diseases. However, how fatty acids regulate VSMC phenotype is poorly understood. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of palmitic acid (PA), the most common saturated fatty acid in circulation, on VSMC phenotype and the underlying mechanism.
Methods
The effect of the PA on VSMC was measured by live/dead and EdU assays, as well as flow cytometry. Migration ability of VSMCs was determined by transwell assay. The underlying targets of miR-22 was predicted using bioinformatics online tools, and comfirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The RNA and protein expression of certain gene or protein was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively.
Results
We found that PA inhibited VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype, as manifested by inhibiting VSMC proliferation, migration, and synthesis. PA upregulated miR-22 in VSMCs, and miR-22 mimics exerted similar effects as PA treatment, inhibiting VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype. Inhibition of miR-22 using miR-22 inhibitor blocked the effects of PA on VSMC phenotype modulation, suggesting that PA modulated VSMC phenotype through upregulation of miR-22 expression. In addition, we found that ecotropic virus integration site 1 protein homolog (EVI1) was the target of miR-22 in regulation of VSMC phenotype. Overexpression of miR-22 or/and PA treatment attenuated the inhibitive effect of EVI1 on synthetic phenotype switch of VSMCs.
Conclusions
These findings suggested that PA inhibits VSMC switch to synthetic phenotype through upregulation of miR-22 thereby inhibiting EVI1, and correcting the dysregulation of miR-22/EVI1 or PA metabolism is a potential treatment to vascular diseases.
Injectable long acting antiretroviral for HIV treatment and prevention: Perspectives of potential users
Authors: Slama Laurence , Porcher Raphael , Linard Françoise , Chakvetadze Catherine , Cros Agnès , Carillon Séverine , Gallardo Lucille , Viard Jean-Paul , Molina Jean-Michel
Published: September 2022

Background :

The use of long acting injectable (LAA) antiretroviral drugs may be an alternative option for HIV treatment and prevention. Our study focused on patient perspectives to understand which individuals, among people with HIV (PWH) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users, would constitute the preferential target for such treatments in terms of expectations, tolerability, adherence and quality of life.

Methods :

The study consisted in one self-administrated questionnaire. Data collected included lifestyle issues, medical history, perceived benefits and inconveniences of LAA. Groups were compared using Wilcoxon rank tests or Fisher‘s exact test.

Results :

In 2018, 100 PWH and 100 PrEP users were enrolled. Overall, 74% of PWH and 89% of PrEP users expressed interest for LAA with a significantly higher rate for PrEP users (p = 0.001). No characteristics were associated with acceptance of LAA in both groups in term of demographics, lifestyle or comorbidities. Further studies should be conducted to better characterize targeted individuals.

Conclusion:

PWH and PrEP users expressed a high level of interest in LAA, since a large majority seems to be in favor of this new approach.
Occurrence of variants of unknown clinical significance in genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome - A Literature review and analytical observational retrospective cohort study
Authors: Adam Felicia , Fluri Muriel , Scherz Amina , Rabaglio Manuela
Published: September 2022

Background and purpose
Over the last decade, the implementation of multigene panels for hereditary tumor syndrome has increased at our institution (Inselspital, University Hospital Berne, Switzerland). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of variants of unknown significance (VUS) in patients with suspected Lynch syndrome (LS) and suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, the latter in connection with the trend toward ordering larger gene panels.
Results
Retrospectively collected data from 1057 patients at our institution showed at least one VUS in 126 different cases (11.9%). In patients undergoing genetic testing for BRCA1/2, the prevalence of VUS was 6%. When < 10 additional genes were tested in addition to BRCA1/2, the prevalence increased to 13.8%, and 31.8% for > 10 additional genes, respectively. The gen most frequently affected with a VUS was ATM. 6% of our patients who were tested for Lynch syndrome had a VUS result in either MLH1, MSH2 or MSH6.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that panel testing statistically significantly increases VUS rates due to variants in non-BRCA genes. Good genetic counseling before and after obtaining results is therefore particularly important when conducting multigene panels to minimize patient uncertainty due to VUS results.
On the Use of Mega Constellation Services in Space
Authors: Capez Gabriel Maiolini , Caceres Mauricio , Bridges Christopher , Frey Stefan , Armellin Roberto , Garello Roberto , Bargellini Pier
Published: September 2022

Mega-constellations are being deployed to offer innovative services to Earth's users. Our work shows how they can provide seamless connectivity to LEO spacecrafts too, and transform them into highly responsive nodes of a space-to-space network characterized by high throughput, low latency, and low cost. For realizing the new mega-constellation services in space paradigm, we present a complete design of the LEO space terminal. By focusing on existing mega-constellations, we derive the service performance under realistic scenarios, and compare it with existing services like Ground Station Networks and Data Relay Systems. All the results show that the new approach can be potentially disruptive for the space ecosystem, by transforming each satellite into a 24/7 available node of a high performance space network, thus enabling a myriad of innovative applications.
Involvement of ACACA (acetyl-CoA carboxylase α) in the lung pre-metastatic niche formation in breast cancer by senescence phenotypic conversion in fibroblasts
Authors: Huang Yung-Chi , Hou Ming-Feng , Tsai Ying-Ming , Pan Yi-Chung , Tsai Pei-Hung , Lin Yi-Shiuan , Chang Chao-Yuan , Tsai Eing-Mei , Hsu Ya-Ling
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Impairment of metabolism is strongly associated with the development of cancer. However, the role of metabolic reprogramming in the remodeling of pre-metastatic niche (PMN), a key step in metastasis, is still unknown. We aimed to investigate the metabolic alternation of lung PMN.
Methods: We assessed the transcriptomes and lipidomics of lung of MMTV-PyVT mice by microarray and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry before lung metastasis. The validation of protein expressions was performed by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. The lung fibroblasts were isolated from mice and co-cultured with breast cancer to identify the influence of cancer on the change of lung fibroblasts.
Results: We demonstrated changes in the lipid profile and several lipid metabolism genes in the lungs of breast cancer-bearing MMTV-PyVT mice before cancer spread. The expression of ACACA (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) was downregulated in the lung fibroblasts, which contributed to changes in acetylation of protein’s lysine residues and the synthesis of fatty acid. The downregulation of ACACA in lung fibroblasts triggered a senescent and inflammatory phenotypic shift of lung fibroblasts in both in vivo and in vitro models. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype of lung fibroblasts enabled the recruitment of immunosuppressive granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells into the lungs through the production of CXCL1 in the lungs. Knock-in of ACACA prevented lung metastasis in the MMTV-PyVT mouse model, further supporting that ACACA was involved in the remodeling of the lung PMN.
Conclusion: These data revealed a mechanism by which ACACA downregulation directs the formation of an immunosuppressive lung PMN in breast cancer.
A method to analyze the food-water-energy nexus for data-sparse cities: A comparison of green roofs in São José dos Campos, Brazil and Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Meng Fanxin , Yuan Qiuling , Bellezoni Rodrigo , de Oliveira José Puppim , Hu Yuanchao , Jing Rui , Liu Gengyuan , Yang Zhifeng , Seto Karen
Published: September 2022

Green roofs have gained relevance in urban sustainability and affect the urban food-water-energy nexus in cities in many different ways. However, it remains unknown regarding systemically quantifying the trade-offs of green roofs on urban food-water-energy nexus. Most city-scale research is restricted to a silo lens (e.g., life cycle impacts and food-water-energy related benefits) while research focusing on green roof’s multiple trade-offs occurs at smaller scales (e.g., neighborhood). Here we developed a generalizable integrated methodology framework for data-sparse cities to analyze the food-water-energy nexus of green roofs from an urban system perspective and tested the framework in two global south cities, São José dos Campos, Brazil and Johannesburg, South Africa. We find São José dos Campos could reach its total self-sufficiency of vegetables in prospect by green roof farming, whereas its life cycle energy consumption would achieve 45% of urban energy demand in the worst scenario. Fueled by the scheme of rainwater substitution, 96% of the life cycle water consumption in São José dos Campos rushed to the infrastructure stage from the operation stage. Johannesburg had potential to satisfy 73% of urban vegetable self-sufficiency and contribute 8% to the city’s alternative water supply goal by rainwater harvesting. Local food supplies are cardinal drivers of trans-boundary water footprints beyond the cities of both São José dos Campos and Johannesburg. We highlight the necessity to balance the trade-offs of green roofs orienting urban food-water-energy goals and call for opportunities for green roof practice in cities.
Physician Perspectives on Chronic Pain Management: Barriers, Needs, and the Use of eHealth in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Kaseweter Kimberley , Nazemi Mark , Gregoire Nina , Louw W. Francois , Walsh Zach , Holtzman Susan
Published: September 2022

Background
Chronic pain is a highly prevalent and disabling condition which is often undertreated and poorly managed in the community. The emergence of COVID-19 has further complicated pain care, with an increased prevalence of chronic pain and mental health comorbidities, and burnout among physicians. While the pandemic has led to a dramatic increase in virtual health care visits, the uptake of a broader range of eHealth technologies remains unclear. The present study sought to better understand physicians’ current needs and barriers in providing effective pain care within the context of COVID-19, as well as gauge current use, interest, and ongoing barriers to eHealth implementation.
Methods
A total of 100 practicing physicians in British Columbia, Canada, completed a brief online survey.
Results
The sample was comprised of physicians practicing in rural and urban areas (rural = 48%, urban = 42%; both = 10%), with the majority (72%) working in family practice. The most prominent perceived barriers to providing chronic pain care were a lack of interdisciplinary treatment and allied health care for patients, challenges related to opioid prescribing and management, and a lack of time to manage the complexities of chronic pain. Moreover, despite expressing considerable interest in eHealth for chronic pain management (82%), low adoption rates were observed for several technologies. Specifically, only a small percentage of the sample reported using eHealth for the collection of intake data (21%), patient-reported outcomes (14%), and remote patient monitoring (26%). The most common perceived barriers to implementation were cost, complexity, and unfamiliarity with available options.
Conclusions
Findings provide insight into physicians’ ongoing needs and barriers in providing effective pain management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the potential for eHealth technologies to help address barriers in pain care, and strong interest from physicians, enhanced useability, education and training, and funding are likely required to achieve successful implementation of a broader range of eHealth technologies in the future.
Modeling Sensitivity and Risk Assessment of Pollution by Hydrocarbons along the Gulf of Suez and Mediterranean Sea Coastlines in Egypt
Authors: El-Alfy Muhammad A.
Published: September 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Keratin 17 is a prognostic biomarker in endometrial carcinoma and correlates with immune invasion
Authors: Zhang HanBin , Deng JinMan , Li Hao , Wang XinXin , Yang QiuHong , Shao YingYing
Published: September 2022

Background：Keratin 17 expression has been detected in some carcinoma types, although its function in endometrial carcinoma remains unclear. According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data library, we aimed to demonstrate the correlation between Keratin 17 and endometrial carcinoma.
Methods：We analyzed the relationship between clinicopathologic characteristics and Keratin 17 expression using Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Logistic regression. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Area Under the Curve (AUC) score, the binary classifier value for Keratin 17 was derived. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognosis factors. The Keratin 17 Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune invasion analysis were used to determine its important functions.
Results：Keratin17 expression was associated with the clinical classification of endometrial carcinoma (P=0.002), Histological type (P<0.001). The Keratin 17 ROC curve showed strong diagnostic and prognostic capabilities (AUC=0.789). High Keratin 17 expression indicated a poorer overall survival (OS) (P=0.018). According to immune invasion analysis, the expression of Keratin 17 is associated with some types of immune invasive cells.
Conclusions：Keratin 17 expression is strongly associated with poor survival and immune invasion of endometrial carcinoma, and may represent a promising biomarker for endometrial cancer.
Evaluation of Staffordshire, Stoke on Trent Allied Health Professionals preceptorship programmes: a mixed method UK study
Authors: Salt Emma , Jackman Karen , O'Brien Anne
Published: September 2022

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate current preceptorship provision across AHP professions in the Staffordshire, Stoke on Trent (SSOT) region of England to improve consistency, share and optimise best practice.
Background: Preceptorship, defined as a period of structured transition from newly qualified to an independent practitioner, is thought to improve recruitment and retention of staff and ultimately improve patient care. During the COVID pandemic SSOT recognised a particular need to support newly qualified staff, and to evaluate existing AHP provision for recent graduates.
Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods design, utilising a cross sectional survey questionnaire and two subsequent focus groups, were used to explore existing AHP preceptorship in SSOT in 2021.
Following ethical approval respondents were recruited via professional networks who completed an online survey questionnaire. . Two subsequent focus groups enabled an in-depth exploration of survey results. Descriptive statistics summarised survey data and thematic analysis was used to describe focus group findings.
Results: SSOT AHPs (n=217; 26% preceptees; 47% preceptors) participated in the survey questionnaire and 20 in the focus groups. 57% of preceptees rated existing preceptorship programmes to be “somewhat or not effective”. Preceptors reported feeling unprepared for their role. Preceptees and preceptors reported that, post pandemic, most existing programs required revisions to be fit for purpose. Six pragmatic summary recommendations were made.
Conclusions: Allied Health Professions Preceptorship in SSOT was found to be inconsistent, poorly understood and inadequate. Revisions to SSOT preceptorship programs are planned to reflect changes in AHP practice since the COVID pandemic.
Optimal Measurement Structures for Contextuality Applications
Authors: Ramanathan Ravishankar , Liu Yuan , Horodecki Karol , Rosicka Monika , Horodecki Pawe{\l}
Published: September 2022

The Kochen-Specker (KS) theorem is a corner-stone result in the foundations of quantum mechanics describing the fundamental difference between quantum theory and classical non-contextual theories. Recently specific substructures termed $01$-gadgets were shown to exist within KS proofs that capture the essential contradiction of the theorem. Here, we show these gadgets and their generalizations provide an optimal toolbox for contextuality applications including (i) constructing classical channels exhibiting entanglement-assisted advantage in zero-error communication, (ii) identifying large separations between quantum theory and binary generalised probabilistic theories, and (iii) finding optimal tests for contextuality-based semi-device-independent randomness generation. Furthermore, we introduce and study a generalisation to definite prediction sets for more general logical propositions, that we term higher-order gadgets. We pinpoint the role these higher-order gadgets play in KS proofs by identifying these as induced subgraphs within KS graphs and showing how to construct proofs of state-independent contextuality using higher-order gadgets as building blocks. The constructions developed here may help in solving some of the remaining open problems regarding minimal proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem.
Tailoring sexual health research practices to meet the needs of adolescent girls in low-and-middle-income countries: findings from Mexico
Authors: Servin Argentina E. , Macklin Ruth , Wilkerson Sara , Rocha-Jimenez Teresita , Rangel Gudelia M. , Fisher Celia B. , Alvarez-Hernandez Sabrina , O'Bryan Sophie
Published: September 2022

Background
Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research is essential for the development of population-tailored evidence-based policies and programs that support sexual health among adolescent girls. However, various ethical challenges create barriers to girls’ participation in SRH research in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) such as Mexico where sexual health topics are considered a cultural taboo.
Methods
From February to September 2019, adolescent girls ages 16–20 (n = 30) who had participated in the Jovenes Sanos study in Mexico’s northern border city of Tijuana, Baja California (ClinicalTrials: NCT03660514) responded to in-depth interviews (IDs) on perceived risks and benefits of participating in studies addressing gender-based violence and HIV.
Results
Emergent themes pointed to the need to ensure consent and incentive procedures are tailored to the developmental level and experience of participants, the importance of the researcher-participant relationship, the potential for research to destigmatize SRH in LMICs and that research can serve as an opportunity to empower girls to express their sexual health medical needs in the future.
Conclusions
Listening to the voices of adolescent girls is a critical step in ensuring consent to SRH research is tailored to the developmental needs of participants and in developing best practices for creating researcher-participant relationships that empower girls’ reproductive choices.
Quality intrapartum care expectations and experiences of women in sub- Saharan African Low and Low Middle-Income Countries: A qualitative meta- synthesis
Authors: Ahmed Salma A.E. , Mahimbo Abela , Dawson Angela
Published: September 2022

Background:
Women-centred maternity care is respectful and responsive to women’s needs, values, and preferences. Women’s views and expectations regarding the quality of health services during pregnancy and childbirth vary across settings. Despite the need for context-relevant evidence, to our knowledge, no reviews focus on what women in sub-Saharan African Low and Low Middle-Income Countries (LLMICs) regard as quality intrapartum care that can inform quality guidelines in countries.
Methods:
We undertook a qualitative meta-synthesis using a two-stage thematic synthesis to identify the experiences and expectations of women in sub-Saharan African LLMICs with quality intrapartum care. Following a priori protocol, we searched eight databases for primary articles using keywords. We used Covidence to collate citations, remove duplicates, and screen articles using a priori set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two authors independently screened first the title and abstracts, and the full texts of the papers. Using a data extraction excel sheet, we extracted first-order constructs and second-order relevant to review objectives. The WHO framework for a positive childbirth experience underpinned data analysis.
Results
Of the 7197 identified citations, 30 articles were included in this review. Women’s needs during the intrapartum period resonate with what women want globally, however, priorities regarding the components of quality care for women and the urgency to intervene differed in this context given the socio-cultural norms and available resources. Women received sub-quality intrapartum care and global standards for women-centred care were often compromised. They were mistreated verbally and physically. Women experienced poor communication with their care providers and non-consensual care and were rarely involved in decisions concerning their care. Women were denied the companion of choice due to cultural and structural factors.
Conclusion
To improve care seeking and satisfaction with health services, women-centred care is necessary for a positive childbirth experience. Women must be meaningfully engaged in the design of health services, accountability frameworks, and evaluation of maternal services. Research is needed to set minimum indicators for women-centred outcomes for low-resource settings along with actionable strategies to enhance the quality of maternity care based on women’s needs and preferences.
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide versus antithymocyte globulin as GVHD prophylaxis for 10/10 HLA-matched unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Authors: Dachy Francois , Fürst Sabine , Calmels Boris , Pagliardini Thomas , Harbi Samia , Bouchacourt Benjamin , Calleja Anne , Lemarie Claude , Collignon Aude , Morel Guillaume , Legrand Faezeh , Bekrieva Elena , granata angela , Weiller Pierre-Jean , CHABANNON Christian , de Colella Jean-Marc Schiano , Vey Norbert , Blaise Didier , Devillier Raynier
Published: September 2022

After T-cell replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation, GVHD prophylaxis with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) is now evaluated in unrelated donor (UD) transplants, where antithymocyte globulin (ATG) remains standard. We report the outcome of patients transplanted from HLA-10/10 matched unrelated donor (MUD) treated with PT-Cy (n=30), in comparison with a historical cohort treated with ATG (n=64).
In the PT-Cy group, we observed lower 2-4 acute GVHD (23% vs. 45%, p=0.014), lower chronic GVHD (all grades: 13% vs 33%, p=0.029; moderate to severe: 10% vs. 27%, p=0.039) but no difference in the relapse (20% vs. 11%, p=0.628), non-relapse mortality (3% vs 11%, p=0.169), progression free survival (77% vs 78%, p=0.638) and overall survival (87% vs 83%, p=0.602). Neutrophil (19 vs 17 days, p=0.049) and platelet (26 vs 10 days, p<0.001) recovery was significantly delayed in the PT-Cy group.
Then, we followed the GVHD and the immunosuppressive treatments (IST) prevalence in disease free patients as marker of quality of life. At 6 months, 5% and 36% in the PT-Cy group were living with GVHD and IST, versus 26% (p=0.030) and 64% (p=0.049).
We conclude that PT-Cy is an effective GVHD prophylaxis in 10/10-HLA MUD allo-SCT, representing a valuable alternative to ATG.
Spectroscopic discrimination of Persian Gulf alga species using chemometrics approaches: A Comparative study using data fusion
Authors: Tarighat Maryam Abbasi , Abdi Gholamreza , Tussi Fatemeh
Published: September 2022

In the present study, multivariate chemometric techniques have been employed for discrimination of Persian Gulf seaweeds according to their species and area using FTIR and UV-Vis spectra. Based on the findings, this work could be differentiated diversity of algae species without time consuming sample preparation steps, measuring cell content and large consumption of material for analysis. The principal component analysis (PCA), PCA- discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA), and PLS-DA (partial least squares-discriminant analysis) were employed for clustering of samples. Based on our knowledge, the current work is the first study that examined the concatenation of SOMs clusters of different techniques for the classification of algae samples. Comparison of results showed that the classification parameters obtained by SOMs- fusion approach is better than other models and 100% prediction accuracy was achieved. The data sets were pretreated with autoscaling and Savitzky-Golay smoothing for elimination of the noise and background interferences and improving the accuracy of classification. Also, the Kohonen self-organization map (SOMs) was considered for reducing the dimension of spectroscopic data. The fusion matrix was created by a combination of best SOMs clusters of FTIR and UV-Vis spectra. The models are capable to distinguish the similarity between the face mask contain spirulina with spirulina alone.
Adaptive event-triggered control for Markov jump systems under hybrid cyber-attacks and its application
Authors: Ali M Syed , M Mubeen Tajudeen , Rajchakit Grienggrai , Jirawattanapanit Anuwat
Published: September 2022

This article investigates event-triggered control (ETC) of discrete-time Markov jump systems (MJSs) subject to hybrid cyber-attacks and unmeasured states. To reduce data transmission load, a mode-dependent event-triggered mechanism (ETM) has been developed. The unmeasured states are estimated using a Luenberger observer. Here deception attacks and DoS attacks are addressed. It is anticipated that input control signals sent across a network are vulnerable to cyber-attacks, in which adversaries could inject fake data into the control signals. So to secure the closed-loop system, sufficient conditions are derived. The solution of set matrix inequalities is used to build observer and controller gains. Finally, inverted pendulum applications are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the obtained theoretical results.
Dietary resveratrol intervention improves lipid homeostasis via attenuating HFD-induced fecal chenodeoxycholic acid and jejunum SR-B1 elevation
Authors: Pang Juan , Raka Fitore , Heirali Alya Abbas , Shao Weijuan , Liu Dinghui , Gu Jianqiu , Feng Jia Nuo , Mineo Chieko , Shaul Philip , Qian Xiaoxian , Coburn Bryan , Adeli Khosrow , Ling Wenhua , Jin Tianru
Published: September 2022

Two common features of dietary polyphenols have hampered our mechanistic understanding of their metabolic beneficial effects for decades: targeting multiple organs and extremely low bioavailability. We show here that resveratrol intervention (REV-I) in high fat diet (HFD)-challenged mice inhibited chylomicron secretion, associated with reduced jejunal but not hepatic SR-B1 expression. Intestinal-mucosa-specific SR-B1-/- mice on HFD challenge exhibited improved lipid homeostasis but showed virtually no further response to REV-I. The SR-B1 inhibitor BLT-1 and REV-I generated no additive effect on improving lipid homeostasis. SR-B1 expression in the Caco-2 cell line cannot be repressed by pure resveratrol while fecal-microbiota transplantation from mice on REV-I suppressed jejunal SR-B1 in recipient mice. REV-I reduced fecal levels of bile acids including chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), while CDCA stimulated FXR, NF-κB and SR-B1 in Caco-2 cells. We conclude that gut microbiome is the primary target of REV-I, and REV-I improves lipid homeostasis at least partially via attenuating CDCA-stimulated gut SR-B1 elevation.