bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Turystyka alternatywna i odpowiedzialna: między konsumpcją a ideą
Authors: Groszewska Ewa
Published: September 2020

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu zapoznanie czytelników z rzadko poruszanym w przestrzeni publicznej w naszym kraju krytycznym aspektem turystki masowej. Autorka opisuje i analizuje alternatywne i odpowiedzialne formy turystyki wynikające z kontestacji komercyjnegoi neokolonialnego wymiaru turystyki masowej. Przedstawia refleksje dotyczące tego, czy idea zawarta w pozakomercyjnej turystyce jest nowym paradygmatem kulturowym, czy też wpisuje się w pluralistyczne, wszechogarniające społeczeństwo konsumpcyjne. Na zakończenie artykułu przedstawia sugestie dotyczące przyczyn nikłego zainteresowania turystyką odpowiedzialną i alternatywną w społeczeństwie polskim.
Penggunaan magic dalam politik lokal di Banten
Authors: Humaeni Ayatullah
Published: September 2020

Village-head elections frequently become unhealthy competitions among the candidate. They employ various ways to win the election, including using magical means. This article aims to explain social phenomena occur in local politics in the use of magic village-head elections in rural Banten; particularly in two sub-districts, Ciomas and Padarincang. It tries to answer several main research questions: (1) why do the candidates make use of magic during the village election process?; (2) what kinds of magic used by the candidates; (3) How does magic influence the winning chance of village head elections? (4) and how is the process of the magic usage during the village election process?. This article is the result of a field research using ethnographical method based on anthropological perspective. To analyze the data, the researcher uses structural-functional approach. Library research, participant-observation, and depth-interview are methods used to collect the data. Based on the result of field research, it can be concluded that almost all of the candidates in these two sub-districts made use of magic in order to win the village head elections. They visit several magicians and made use of their super natural powers for their own purposes. They believed that magical power possessed by these magicians could influence their winning chance in the village-head elections. Various fundamental reasons also become an important consideration why the candidates need to use magic in local politics process.
Migrasi simbolik wacana kuasa tubuh: menguak wacana tubuh dalam Ode untuk Leopold Von Sacher-Masoch karya Dinar Rahayu
Authors: Chasanah Ida Nurul
Published: September 2020

The presence of Indonesian women writers with the dominant discourse of the power of body, presenting the pros and cons that would not go over. Female body is the language of women that can be poured through the writing of literary works. Helene Cixous brought the spirit of "writing the body" to motivate women authors to express himself through written discourse, which so far has been dominated by men. Cixous spirit is also promoted by Dinar Rahayu appear in the novel Ode untuk Leopold Von Sacher-Masoch. Dinar Rahayu voicing complexity of urban women's voices in this novel through several migration symbolic of the power of the female body. Migration is enriched by the presence of symbolic power in a sound body of Greek and Scandinavian mythology and Leopold voices in his work Venus in Furs. Through in-depth reading on the symbolic migration brought to the Ode untuk Leopold Von Sacher-Masoch through the voices of the characters and the particularities of naration techniques can be seen that this novel (as well as other sexist novels) is not merely a commodity that exploit sexuality pornography but rather an attempt to author urban female voices will be the "body power". This study uses content analysis method that begins with the reading of literature, heuristic and hermeneutic, and take advantage of intertextuality approach.
Analisa Strengths, Weaknesses, Opprotunities, and Threats (SWOT): Peluang dan tantangan Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) dalam mewujudkan integrasi Asia Tenggara
Authors: Salamah Lilik
Published: September 2020

As a regional organization, ASEAN has grown dynamically, proven by the increasing number of members and areas of cooperation that have been pursued. Along with globalization, this success is increasingly encouraging the will to achieve integration in ASEAN VISION 2020. Through SWOT analysis of strengths (Strengths), Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) and with the base of regionalism theory, this paper examines the creation of perspective of Southeast Asian integration. Through the framework and analysis of the problems, the results show that there are potential of ASEAN states to grasp the available international opportunity. This is also supported by existing policies in filling opportunities in economic, socio-culture, or politic security area. However, various problems still occured in realizing ASEAN integration. The main problem generally related to the sense of belonging of a person with the value of unity in diversity. Given the circumstances that exist both internally and among ASEAN member countries, presumably the idealism of the formation of integrity of Southeast Asia region is difficult to be realized.
GRUP FAKTOR YANG DIBANGUN DARI SUBGRUP NORMAL FUZZY
Authors: Tarmizi Mahfuz , Abdurrahman Saman
Published: September 2020

A Quotient group is a set which contains coset members and satisfies group definition. These cosets are formed by group and its normal subgroup. A set which contains fuzzy coset members is also called a quotient group. These fuzzy cosets are formed by a group and its fuzzy normal subgroup. The purpose of this research is to explain quotient groups induced by fuzzy normal subgroups and isomorphic between them. This research construct sets which contain fuzzy coset members, define an operation between fuzzy cosets and prove these sets under an operation between fuzzy coset satisfy group definition, and prove theorems relating to qoutient groups and homomorphism. The results of this research are  is a qoutient group induced by a fuzzy normal subgroup, where  is a fuzzy normal subgroup of a group ,  is a fuzzy coset, and the binary operation is “” where  for every . An epimorphism  from a group  to a group  and a fuzzy normal subgroup  of  which is constant on  cause quotient goup  and   are isomorphic.
BEBERAPA KOMBINASI RUNGE-KUTTA UNTUK MENENTUKAN SOLUSI PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL WAKTU TUNDA
Authors: Qudsi Rahma , Dahlia Agus
Published: September 2020

Delay Differential Equation (DDE) have been applied to  many area. While, we rarely get the analytic solutions of DDE. Many researchers have found many methods to find it for instance Runge-Kutta Method. The purpose of this paper is to accumulate the combinations of Runge-Kutta method which is used to find the solutions of DDE. Keywords : Delay Differential Equation,  Interpolation, Runge-Kutta Method
PEMBAGI NOL PADA MATRIKS ATAS RING KOMUTATIF
Authors: Nurhayani Mega , Thresye Thresye , Huda Nurul
Published: September 2020

Matriks atas ring komutatif adalah matriks yang entri-entrinya dibangun dari ring komutatif. Himpunan matriks atas ring komutatif membentuk struktur ring terhadap operasi penjumlahan matriks dan operasi pergandaan matriks. Struktur yang terbentuk atas matriks yang entri-entri dari ring komutatif atau dapat disimbolkan  merupakan ring. Selanjutnya  dikatakan ring dengan pembagi nol jika terdapat dua elemen matriks yang tidak sama dengan nol akan tetapi ketika diberikan operasi pergandaan maka bernilai nol. Tulisan ini membahas sifat-sifat pembagi nol pada matriks atas ring komutatif, yaitu jika , dengan  adalah ring komutatif, maka matriks  merupakan pembagi nol kiri dalam  jika dan hanya jika matriks  merupakan pembagi nol kanan dalam . Kata kunci : Ring komutatif, pembagi nol, matriks, matriks atas ring komutatif.
Analisis Perbandingan Kandungan Fe dan Karakteristik Sifat Listrik Pasir Besi Sungai dan Pantai
Authors: Didik Lalu A. , Aini Husnul , Zohdi Ahmad
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kandungan Fe dan karakteristik sifat listrik pasir besi sungai dan laut yang disintesis di Kecamatan Pringgabaya. Sampel pasir besi sungai dan laut kemudian dipisahkan menggunakan magnet permanen, setelah itu dicuci menggunakan aquades dan di keringkan selama 2 jam pada temperatur 2000C. karakterisasi material pasir besi sungai dan laut kemudian di lakukan menggunakan AAS (Atomic Absorption Spektrometri), 2 titik probe, dan LCR meter untuk mengukur konstanta dielektrik. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukan bahwa pasir besi sungai dan laut Kecamatan Pringgabaya. Menunjukan adanya perbandingan kandungan mineral, resistivitas dan konstanta dielektrik, kandungan mineral pasir besi sungai lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pantai berkisar dari 9,03 % - 9,8 %, nilai resistivitas sungai dan pantai akan naik pada jarak 10 meter yaitu sebesar 11×104 Ωm dan 10,9×104 Ωm dan konstanta dielektrik sungai dan pantai akan naik pada jarak 10 meter yaitu 13,88×104 dan 15,22×104. Dari hasil tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa adanya perbandingan kandungan mineral sungai dan pantai. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya pengendapan Fe pada sungai yang menyebabkan kandungan mineral pasir besi sungai lebih besar daripada pantai. pada pengukuran resistivitas dan konstanta dielektrik menunjukan perbandingan nilai resistivitas dan konstanta dielektrik pantai dan sungai. Hal ini disebabkan karena semakin jauh jarak pengambilan sampel nilai resistivitas dan konstanta dielektrik semakin besar, disebakan pasir yang dari sungai setelah mengalir menuju pantai akan teresebar rata dan diikuti percampuran kandungan mineral yang lain, adanya percampuran kandungan Fe dan unsur  yang lain menyebabkan nilai resistivitas dan konstanta dielektrik pasir besi pantai lebih banyak karena akan mengandung sifat logam yang mudah menghantarkan arus listrik.
Routine Use of Feeding Jejunostomy in Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Metaanalysis
Authors: Vasavada Bhavin , Patel Hardik
Published: September 2020

Aims and objectives: The primary aim of our study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality following feeding jejunostomy in pancreaticoduodenectomy compared to the control group. We also evaluated individual complications like delayed gastric emptying; post operative pancreatic fistula, superficial and deep surgical site infection. Material and Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and MOOSE guidelines. Heterogeneity was measured using Q tests and I2.the random-effects model was used. Results: Four studies including Total of 1639 patients were included in the analysis. Total 843 patients were included in Feeding jejunostomy group and 796 patients included in control group without feeding jejunostomy. Over all morbidity was significantly higher in feeding jejunostomy group. (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between both the groups. (P=0.07). Delayed gastric emptying was significantly higher in feeding jejunostomy group. [P=0.021]. There was no significant difference in development of pancreatic fistula between the two groups. Deep surgical site infection was significantly higher in feeding jejunostomy group. (P=0.013). Hospital stay was significantly more in feeding jejunostomy group (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference between readmission; TPN requirement and time to start oral feed. Conclusion: Feeding jejunostomy seems to be associated with increased morbidity and increased length of stay.
Solving Prandtl-Blasius Boundary Layer Equation Using Maple
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: September 2020

A solution for the Prandtl-Blasius equation is essential to all kinds of boundary layer problems. This paper revisits this classic problem and presents a general Maple code as its numerical solution. The solutions were obtained from the Maple code, using the Runge-Kutta method. The study also considers convergence radius expanding and an approximate analytic solution is proposed by curve fitting. Similarly, the study resolves some boundary layer related problems and provide relevant Maple codes for these.
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Porcine Pasteurella Multocida are not Associated with its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern
Authors: Patrocchi-Rilo Máximo , Gutiérrez-Martín César-B. , Pérez-Fernández Esther , Vilaró Anna , Fraile Lorenzo , Martínez-Martínez Sonia
Published: September 2020

Forty-eight Pasteurella multocida isolates were recovered from porcine pneumonic lungs collected in Norwestern Spain (2017- 2019). These isolates were characterized for their minimal inhibition concentrations to twelve antimicrobial agents and for the appearance of eight resistance genes: tetA, tetB, blaROB1, blaTEM, ermA, ermC, mphE and msrE. Relevant resistance percentages were shown to teracyclines, sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tiamulin, thus suggesting that P. multocida isolates were mostly susceptible to amoxicillin, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, marbofloxacin and macrolides. 29.2% of isolates were resistant to more than two antimicrobials. The tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetB) were detected in 22.9% of the isolates, but none was positive to both simultaneously; blaROB1 and blaTEM genes were found in one third of isolates but both genes were detected simultaneously in only one isolate. ermC gene was observed in 41.7% of isolates, a percentage that decreased until 22.9% for msrE; finally, ermA was harboured by 16.7% and mphE was not found in any of them. Six clusters were established based on hierarchical clustering analysis on antimicrobial susceptibility for the twelve antimicrobials. Generally, it was unable to foresee the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for each family and the association of each particular isolate inside the clusters established from the presence or absence of the resistance genes analyzed.
Recursive Solution of Queue Length Distribution for Geo/G/1 Queue with Delayed Min(N, D)-Policy
Authors: Wei Yingyuan , Tang Yinghui , Yu Miaomiao
Published: September 2020

In this paper we consider a discrete-time Geo/G/1 queue with delayed Min(N, D)-policy. Using renewal process theory, total probability decomposition technique and z-transform, we study the transient and equilibrium properties of the queue length from an arbitrary initial state, and obtain both the recursive expressions of the transient state queue length distribution and the steady state queue length distribution at arbitrary time epoch n+. Furthermore, we derive the important relations between equilibrium queue length distributions at different time epochs n–, n and n+. Finally, we give some numerical examples about capacity decision in queueing systems to demonstrate the application of the analytical results reported in this paper.
Social integration and financial inclusion of forcibly displaced persons in Sub-Saharan African countries
Authors: Bede Uzoma Achugamonu , A. Adetiloye Kehinde , O. Esther Adegbite , O. Eke Patrick , Osagie Osuma Godswill
Published: September 2020

Most government and international financial institutions worldwide have adopted financial inclusion as a veritable platform for achieving the Social Development Goals of hunger and poverty eradication, inequality reduction, and employment creation. Their efforts will not yield much dividend if a sizeable part of the populace are constrained from social and formal financial inclusion due to social disorder. This study examined the relationship between social seclusion of forcibly displaced persons from formal financial inclusion in twenty-seven Sub-Saharan African countries. Granger Error Correction Method (ECM) with Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) was used to analyze the short panel data obtained from the World Bank database. The study found a negative long-run relationship between social seclusion and financial inclusion. That is, an increase in social menace overtime will result in more people being financially excluded from formal financial transactions. It, therefore, recommends, amongst others, that government should encourage forcibly displaced persons to become gainfully employed and productive. Specifically, persons in refugee and internally displaced persons camps should be trained to acquire skills that will enable them to become self-employed, create wealth for themselves, and contribute actively to the sustainable economic growth of their host country rather than just provide food and other welfare packages as a temporal palliative for survival.
Choice of mathematic models of soils in static and seismic analyses of embankment dams
Authors: Lyapichev Yury P.
Published: September 2020

Relevance. Numerical analyses of behavior or stress-strain state (SSS) of embankment dams are usually performed using various computational programs, which use different, often complex mathematical models of soils. However, the right choice of these models is left to the program user, who usually has not enough experience in this field of knowledge, and therefore the results of these analyses are often obscure and erroneous. The aims of the work - development of recommendations for selecting the most reliable mathematical models of soils in numerical analyses of embankment dams and comparing these models with the most common models in modern world practice of their application. Methods. Deep comparative analysis of many soil models was conducted on the use of the soil models in numerical analyses of embankment dams during authors work in ICOLD Committee on Analysis and Dam Design. Results. On the basis of the evaluation of the reliability of soil models, recommendations were obtained on the choice and application of these models in the numerical analyses of SSS of embankment dams under action of static and seismic impacts; interactions between the results of these analyses and dam monitoring data were identified.
Potencial de ingresos pasivos para los distribuidores en empresas de mercadeo multinivel con un plan de compensación binario
Authors: Robledo Giraldo Sebastian , Osorio Zuluaga German A
Published: September 2020

En este trabajo se desarrolla una simulación de un sistema de mercadeo multinivel con un sistema de pago binario, con el fin de determinar la existencia de ingresos pasivos para sus distribuidores ya que este tipo de negocios generan altas expectativas de ingresos y que, por su baja inversión, puede llegar a personas de todas las clases sociales. El mercadeo multinivel es una forma de comercializar productos a través de estructuras sociales que ha tenido un gran crecimiento en Colombia en los últimos años y que ha captado el interés de las grandes empresas. Para la simulación, se generó inicialmente una red multinivel de 5000 distribuidores y después se adaptó a un sistema de pago binario para simular los ingresos de cada uno de ellos. Los algoritmos se desarrollaron en el software Matlab y los gráficos de las redes en el software Pajek. Los resultados de la simulación arrojaron que el 80% de las ventas las generan el 4% de los distribuidores con muy pocas ventas directas (4%) y que solo el 1,2% de los distribuidores generan un ingreso pasivo. Finalmente, se considera importante utilizar este tipo de herramientas dada la dificultad de probar estas formas de comercialización en sistemas sociales reales.Palabras clave: ingreso pasivo, mercadeo multinivel, sistema de pago binario
Estandarización de un medio de cultivo a partir de fuentes agroindustriales para la multiplicación de Azospirillum brasilense
Authors: Rivera Diego , Obando Melissa , Bonilla Buitrago Ruth
Published: September 2020

Se realizó una etapa exploratoria aplicando el diseño Plackett-Burman para cuatro fuentes de carbono, dos fuentes de nitrógeno, K2HPO4 y MgSO4 y una solución de micronutrientes con el fin de seleccionar los factores nutricionales más influyentes sobre el crecimiento del microorganismo. Posteriormente, se llevó a cabo un proceso de optimización aplicando el diseño Box-Behnken de los tres factores más influyentes; los resultados indicaron que la producción de biomasa (UFC/mL) fue afectada significativamente por condiciones tanto nutricionales como físicas del medio de cultivo; el máximo rendimiento obtenido fue de 1 X 109 UFC/mL, el cual se logró bajo las siguientes condiciones: 3 g/L sacarosa, 6,75 mL/L melaza, 0,77 mL/L glicerol, 14,42 mL/L hidrolizado de soya, 0,848 g/L hidrolizado de levadura, 0,25 g/L K2HPO4, 3/5 aireación y agitación a 120 rpm con un tiempo de fermentación de 26 horas.Palabras clave: Azospirillum brasilense, diseño Plackett-Burman, diseño Box-Behnken, superficie de respuesta.
Producción y caracterización de nuevos materiales multiferróicos basados en el sistema LCMO/BLZT Ba0.9La0.067Ti0.91Zr0.09O3/ La0.67Ca0.33MnO3
Authors: Cardona Vasquez Jorge Andres , Gomez Maria Elena , Landinez Tellez David Arsenio , Roa Rojas Jairo
Published: September 2020

Reportamos los detalles de síntesis y caracterización estructural eléctrica y magnética del sistema multiferroico Ba0.9La0.067Ti0.91Zr0.09O3/ La0.67Ca0.33MnO3. Se han preparado mediante la técnica de reacción de estado sólido mezclas con diferentes porcentajes de masa de la manganita de lantano y calcio La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO), en su fase ferromagnética, y el titanatozirconato de bario y lantano Ba0.9La0.067Ti0.91Zr0.09O3 (BLZT) el cual ha sido reportado como ferroeléctrico. Patrones de difracción de rayos X muestran que los materiales han reaccionado dando lugar a nuevos materiales con estructura tipo perovskita con simetría tetragonal, grupo espacial P4mm (#99), la estructura de los materiales fue refinada usando el método de Rietveld. Curvas de magnetización FC y ZFC muestran dos transiciones de fase, una de ellas por arriba de 200 K y la otra por debajo de 50 K, dichas transiciones has sido asociadas con dos diferentes regímenes magnéticos en los cuales se han medido curvas de histéresis confirmando que la relación entre el campo aplicado y la magnetización no tiene un comportamiento lineal. Medidas de espectroscopía de impedancias muestran un carácter ferroeléctrico con pérdida dieléctrica, comportamiento que es confirmado mediante curvas de polarización en los materiales sintetizados.Reportamos los detalles de síntesis y caracterización estructural eléctrica y magnética del sistema multiferroico Ba0.9La0.067Ti0.91Zr0.09O3/ La0.67Ca0.33MnO3. Se han preparado mediante la técnica de reacción de estado sólido mezclas con diferentes porcentajes de masa de la manganita de lantano y calcio La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO), en su fase ferromagnética, y el titanatozirconato de bario y lantano Ba0.9La0.067Ti0.91Zr0.09O3 (BLZT) el cual ha sido reportado como ferroeléctrico. Patrones de difracción de rayos X muestran que los materiales han reaccionado dando lugar a nuevos materiales con estructura tipo perovskita con simetría tetragonal, grupo espacial P4mm (#99), la estructura de los materiales fue refinada usando el método de Rietveld. Curvas de magnetización FC y ZFC muestran dos transiciones de fase, una de ellas por arriba de 200 K y la otra por debajo de 50 K, dichas transiciones has sido asociadas con dos diferentes regímenes magnéticos en los cuales se han medido curvas de histéresis confirmando que la relación entre el campo aplicado y la magnetización no tiene un comportamiento lineal. Medidas de espectroscopía de impedancias muestran un carácter ferroeléctrico con pérdida dieléctrica, comportamiento que es confirmado mediante curvas de polarización en los materiales sintetizados.Palabras clave: Perovskitas, multiferróico, superparamagnetismo, refinamiento rietveld.
COVID-19 Outbreak and Behavioral Maladjustments: A Shift from a Highly Globalized World to a Strange World of Unique Isolationism
Authors: Dada Matthew Abiodun
Published: September 2020

The outbreak popularly called COVID-19 which sneaked into the world system generally believed to have originated from China in the city of Wuhan  towards the last quarter of the  year 2019 in a manner yet to be unfold by the world powers has been judged to be a great threat to human activities and coexistence. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic between February and March, year 2020 and since then it has been a strange world. This paper examined the socio-economic changes and behavioral maladjustments resulting from this deadly disease. The demand and supply shocks as well as the use of fiscal stimulus from different countries and how some key variables respond are well analyzed and structured. The paper underlying some of the damages done to the socio-economic lives of people across the globe and highlight some recovery strategies and future prospects. It recommends spirituality as a winning strategy against carnality. The conclusion was drawn by emphasizing the supremacy of God in the fact that a microbe of invisible property could hastily change our world of global village to a strange world of isolated cities
Effects of developed thyme and oregano essential oil formulations on Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructicola
Authors: Tanovic Brankica , Hrustic Jovana , Mihajlovic Milica , Grahovac Mila , Stevanovic Marija , Gasic Slavica
Published: September 2020

Essential oils have been well-known for their antimicrobial properties for a
very long time. Some of them have been effectively used in human medicine
for decades. Our earlier investigation revealed a great potential of thyme
and oregano essential oils as crop protectants against some postharvest
fruit pathogens. The effects of formulated thyme and oregano essential oils
on Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructicola were studied in vitro and in
vivo. In vitro antagonistic assays were performed on solidified PDA medium
using a slightly modified agar overlay technique, while in vivo experiments
were conducted on inoculated apple fruits. In vitro essays showed that the
developed formulations (emulsifiable concentrates - EC) significantly
inhibited the mycelial growth of Monilinia spp. Experiments in vivo,
performed on inoculated apple fruits, revealed that the developed
formulations provided a significant level of Monilinia spp. suppression. To
our knowledge, another EC formulation of oregano essential oil intended for
use in Monilinia spp. control has never been developed before. The presented
results are initial findings and evaluation of the activity of the developed
products should therefore proceed under field conditions to determine their
efficacy and activity spectrum, and to estimate economic aspects of their
use.
Numerical study on the influence of platen super-heater on combustion characteristics in a 600 MW tangentially fired pulverized-coal boiler
Authors: Chen Kai , Liu Xinfei , Qin Yao
Published: September 2020

Numerical simulations have been conducted to study combustion characteristics of tangentially fired pulverized-coal boiler. A 600 MW tangentially coal-fired boiler was used for investigating the effect of platen super-heaters on the temperature, species distributions and heat transfer. Two furnace models were established, whose difference lies in modelling super-heaters or not. Results show that modelling platen super-heaters is conducive to precisely predict the temperature, species (CO, CO2, O2) and heat flux in the platen zone and has a weak influence on these data in zones below the platen. Modelling platen super-heaters has little influence on the NOx prediction. Platen super-heaters obviously decrease heat absorbed by water-wall nearby and affects heat distribution coefficient of furnace.
Simulation and analysis of buried pipe heat transfer performance under leakage state
Authors: Chen Song , Wang Haitao , Lv Kefeng , Hu Ning
Published: September 2020

Buried pipe leakage can lead to poor heat transfer performance and even system failure. Leakage analysis of buried tube greatly affects the operation condition diagnosis for the heat exchange in buried tube. In this study, the simulation software was applied in analyzing heat transfer process and efficiency of the buried pipes under different leakage conditions. Moreover, changes in outlet temperature, water pressure and flow rate were simulated at different positions and diverse sizes of the leakage port. According to our results, the size of leakage port greatly affected the parameter variation of the outlet port when the system started and stopped, thus affecting the cooling effect. In addition, position of the leakage port also had obvious influence on the physical state of the outlet water.
Numerical analysis of temperature fields around the buried arctic gas pipe-line in permafrost regions
Authors: Li Xinze , Jin Huijun , Wei Yanjing , Wen Zhi , Li Yan , Li Xinyu
Published: September 2020

Based on one planned arctic natural gas pipe-line engineering which will cross continuous, discontinuous, sporadic and non-permafrost areas from north to south, with different pipe-line temperatures set, a thermal model of the interac-tion between pipe-line and permafrost is established to investigate the influence of pipe-lines on the freezing and thawing of frozen soil around pipe-line and thermal stability of permafrost. The results show that different pipe-line temperatures influ?ence the permafrost table greatly. Especially in discontinuous permafrost areas the permafrost table is influenced in both positive temperature and negative tempera?ture. The warm gas pipe-line of 5? could decrease the value of permafrost table about 1 to 3 times pipe diameter and aggravate the degradation of permafrost around pipe-line; ?1? and ?5? chilled gas pipe-line can effectively improve the permafrost table and maintain the temperature stability of frozen soil, but the temperature of soils below pipe-line of ?5? decreases obviously, which may lead to frost heave hazards. In terms of thermal stability around pipe-line, it is advised that transporting temperature of ?1? is adopted in continuous permafrost area; in discontinuous permafrost area pipe-line could operate above freezing in the summer months with the station discharge temperature trending the ambient air temperature, but the discharge temperature must be maintained as ?1? through?out the winter months; in seasonal freezing soil area chilled pipe-line may cause frost heave, therefore, pipe-line should run in positive temperature without extra temperature cooling control.
Study on thermodynamic functions of traditional building windows based on characters
Authors: Hu Yuelian , Zhuo Jing
Published: September 2020

The indoor light environment of the building has an extremely important influence on its own use function, and there are many factors that affect the indoor light environment of the building, such as the surrounding environment of the building, the interior decoration of the building, and the design of the window. The window is used as the building envelope. An important part of the structure is responsible for lighting and ventilation meet the requirements of the indoor environment. It exists as a lighting device for the building. The lighting performance of the windows not only meets people?s requirements for living comfort, but also consumes energy in the building. It will have a very important impact. A variety of window shapes start from different functional needs. The comprehensive use of these window shapes by traditional buildings together creates its unique thermodynamic function. This article analyzes cold regions based on the analysis method of thermodynamic functions. Solar heat gain from traditional building windows.
Advantages of thermal industry cluster and application of particle swarm optimization model
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Song Xiaoli , Bai Yakai , Hu Chunyu
Published: September 2020

This paper first analyzes that the waste heat before the flue gas of thermal power company enters the desulfurizationwer can be heated by the low pressure economizer, and then the heated condensate can be incorporated into the regenerative system, so as to recover the waste heat and improve the unit efficiency. In this paper, the possible lay-out scheme of the low pressure economizer in the thermal system is constructed firstly, and then the mathematical model of the equivalent enthalpy drop increment of the unit is established with the water partition coefficient as the independent variable. Particle swarm optimization and co-ordinate rotation are used to optimize the model, and the results show that particle swarm optimization is more effective in solving the problem. After the low pressure economizer is added to the unit, the heat consumption of the whole plant of the unit is reduced by 61.131, the unit efficiency is increased by 0.783%, and the coal consumption of the whole plant is reduced by 2.293. Finally, from the perspective of industrial agglomeration, industrial diversification and economic resilience, this paper analyzes the advantages of diversified agglomeration of thermal power companies.
The Effect of Teaching Strategies and Curiosity on Students’ Achievement in Reading Comprehension
Authors: Astuti Sri , Sihombing Lince , Sibarani Berlin
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are to investigate whether: (1) students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using Problem-Based Learning stretegy is higher than students’ achievement in reading comprehension by using Reciprocal Teaching strategy, (2) reading comprehension achievement of high curiosity students is higher than reading comprehension achievement of low curiosity students, and (3) there is significant interaction between teaching stretegies and students’ curiosity on students’ reading comprehension achievement. An experimental research with factorial design 2x2 was used in this research. There were 120 students from 2012/2013 Academic Year of SMA BUDI AGUNG Medan as sample of this research. The result reveals that (1) students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using Problem-Based Learning stategy is higher than that of taught by using Reciprocal Teaching strategy, (2) reading comprehension achievement of high curiosity is higher than reading comprehension achievement of low curiosity, (3) there is signnificance interaction between teaching strategies and curiosity on students’ achievement in reading comprehension. After the Tukey test was applied, it showed that students have high curiosity got higher result if they were taught by using Problem-Based Learning strategy, and students have low curiosity got higher result if they taught by using Reciprocal Teaching strategy. Keywords: Reading comprehension, Problem-Based Learning, Reciprocal Teaching                     Curiosity
Metacognitive Strategies Applied by University Students of Unimed in Listening Comprehension
Authors: Handayani Cici , Sihombing Lince , Murni Sri Minda
Published: September 2020

This research was aimed at finding out the degree of metacognitive strategies applied by English Department students of UNIMED in listening comprehension and the difficulties of application metacognitive strategies by English Department students of UNIMED in listening comprehension. The study was conducted to 28 students in fourth semester of English Department of UNIMED Medan. Since the study was a qualitative research, the data were analyzed qualitatively by means of observation, questionnaire, Think Aloud Protocols (TAP) and interview. The questions in questionnaire and interview were based on Chammot’s and O’Malley’s. As findings, the data analysis shows the degree of application metacognitive strategies. The students’ application is low since they only applied some parts of sub-categories in metacognitive strategies as their habit in doing their listening task. They often lose their concentration while they are listening to the speakers. They cannot write down the sentences that were uttered by the speakers and write down the unuttered ones. They cannot comprehend the listening well and it makes them feel worry, doubt, nervous and others negative feeling. Based on the results, some implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. Keywords: Listening comprehension; Listening strategies; Metacognition; Metacognitive Strategies
Reading Materials Development through Task-Based Language Instruction Approach for Business Administration Students
Authors: Hasan Citra , Gurning Busmin , Saragih Amrin
Published: September 2020

This research aims to develop the materials of reading by conducting need analysis in order to meet the needs of business administration students. The method of research was a research and development (R&D) by Borg and Gall which are modified in to three main cycles, namely: evaluation and needs assessment, materials development, and materials validation. The study found that the existing materials of reading II are not match with the needs analysis result. Thus, the researcher added 13 more basic competencies of the syllabus and materials of reading related to the learners needs and learning needs. Keywords: Business English; Materials; Reading; Task-Based Language Instruction Approach
Coherence and Cohesion Shifts in the Students’ Translated Text
Authors: Wahyuni Resty , Gurning Busmin , Sinar T. Sylvana
Published: September 2020

The aims of this study are to describe : 1) the types of translation procedures used in the translated text done by the students, 2 ) the types of cohesion shifts used in the translated text done by the students, 2) the types of coherence shifts used in the translated text done by the students. The data were taken from the translated text of students of English faculty at Alwasliyah University of North Sumatra. They were analyzed by using some steps. First, the researcher selected translated text which contain cohesion and coherence shifts. Second, the translated text were classified based on Blum – Kulka’s theory. Having analyzed the data from translated text of students which consists of six paragraphs, the findings are presented as follows : 1). There are five translation procedures which are applied by the students in translating text. They are modulation (29), reduction (8), deletion (2), naturalization (5) and reduction+modulation (2), 2). There are 39 cohesion shifts which are used by the students namely 37 cohesion shifts in text meaning and 2 cohesion shifts in level of explicitness, 3). there are 38 coherence shifts which were used by the students namely 32 reader-focused shifts of coherence and 6 text-focused shifts of coherence. Keywords: Coherence; cohesion; coherence shifts; cohesion shifts; and translation.
Classroom Discourse Structure in MTs Negeri Rantauprapat
Authors: Jupriaman Jupriaman , Murni Sri Minda
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study were to describe the classroom discourse structure, to describe how the classroom discourse is realized by teacher and students and the reasons for the realizations of the ways they are. The source of the data was English teacher and the students while the data are verbal and non verbal utterances of students and teachers. The instruments for collecting data were video tape recorder and researcher’s field note. The data were collected by observing and recording the utterances uttered by the teacher and students. The findings showed that the classroom discourse structures were dominantly realized by Initiation and Response (IR) structure. It was reflected in teacher direct, elicit and information exchanges was found that the classroom discourse structures. The other exchanges occur are boundary (framing and focusing move), directive, informing, check, accept, react, reply, nomination, marker, bid and conclusion acts. The reasons why the realization as the ways they are (1) teacher as a centre of interaction, (2) teacher gives some questions without any caring to the evaluation, appreciation and feedback without any feedback to make dialogue, (3) students have been disciplined not to speak in classes without a teacher’s direction, and most of them are unwilling to speak English.   Keywords: Classroom Discourse Structures, Initiation and Response, Sinclair and Coulthard Theory
Loss of Agricultural Lexis in Cakap Karo
Authors: Ginting Inggrid Gibretta Khairani , Husein Rahmad
Published: September 2020

This qualitative research deals with a study on the lexical loss, which is aimed at (1) investigating the level of agricultural lexical loss, (2) describing the patterns of agricultural lexical loss, (3) explaining the reasons of agricultural lexical loss in Cakap Karo. This research has drawn the following conclusions. Firstly, the level of agricultural lexical loss ofCakap Karo among hard plants, plants for food, herbs plant and kinds of flower categories were occured in fourth level (not know and not use) which had different percentages. The highest level of agricultural lexical loss in Cakap Karo occurred in kinds of flower category and the lowest level occurred in plants for food category. Secondly, the agricultural lexical loss was proportionally patterned into potential and total lexical loss. There were 103 (one hundred and three) potential agricultural lexical loss and 146 (one hundred forty six) total agricultural lexical loss. Thirdly, the reasons of agricultural lexical loss in Cakap Karo were linguistics, prestige and technology factors. Keywords: language loss, agricultural lexis, Cakap Karo
Speech Acts in Jokowi’s Campaign Speeches
Authors: Siregar Khairunnisa , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are to describe the types of speech acts used in Jokowi’s campaign speeches, to elaborate the realization of Jokowi used illocutionary act in campaign speeches, to know the reason of using illocutionary act. This study was conducted by descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research are the utterances of Jokowi’s speeches. The source of the data was Jokowi’s campaign speeches. The technique for collecting data is documentary technique. The technique of data analysis was interactive model by using Miles and Huberman. The findings show all types of speech acts were used in Jokowi’s campaign speeches, namely:  locutionary act, illocutionary act can be classified into five parts; there were assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, declarative and the last types was perlocutionary act. The realization of illocutionary act used in Jokowi’s campaign speeches, the directive speech act was used in form of warning, commanding, promising, offering, questioning, requesting. The reasons of using illocutionary act in Jokowi’s campaign speeches are to point out or to identify what the speaker mean from his utterance, which influence of meaning and information of the speech and to get information clearly from Jokowi’s campaign speeches.   Keywords: speech acts, campaign, campaign speeches
THE CONVERSATIONAL STYLES BY MALE AND FEMALE SELLERS IN BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS AT TRADITIONAL MARKET “PASAR SENTOSA BARU” MEDAN
Authors: Pulungan Diana Hayati , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Santoso Didik
Published: September 2020

This research deals with the conversational styles by male and female sellers in business transactions at traditional market “Pasar Sentosa Baru” Medan. It was conducted using qualitative research design. The subjects of 8 persons namely 4 male sellers and 4 female sellers were taken which they produced 20 conversations for each genders. The ages ranged from 30 to 60 years old. They come from various sellers, namely fish, chicken, vegetables, fruits, and spice. The instruments of collecting data were observation, recording, field notes, and interviewing adopted by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). The findings show that there were five types of conversational styles used by male and female sellers. In conversational styles used by male sellers; amount of talk (30%), interruption (26.7%), conversational support (21.7%), compliment (16.6%), and tentativeness (5%). In conversational styles used by female sellers; interruption (29%), amount of talk (23%), conversational support (24%), tentativeness (15%), and compliment (9%). In conversational styles in male sellers business transaction, the more dominant responses refer to talk of amount because they talk much in interaction in public context, while for female, the more dominant responses refer to interruption because the female sellers are taken as a violation and a sign of conversational dominance.Keywords: Conversational styles, Gender, Traditional Market.
THE EFFECT OF TEACHING STRATEGIES AND CURIOSITY ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Uziana Uziana , Sibarani Berlin , Pulungan Anni Holila
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this research are to find out whether: 1) The students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by using the Directed Reading Thinking Aactivity (DRTA) strategy was higher than taught by using the Questions-Answer Relationship (QARs) strategy. 2) The students’ achievement in reading comprehension with high curiosity was higher than that  The students with low curiosity, and 3) there was interaction between teaching strategies and curiosity on The students’ achievement in reading comprehension. The population of this research was the students in grade XI of MAN Kampung (MAN KP) Teungoh Langsa in 2016/2017 school year. The total number of population of this research was 160 students. There were 6 classes. Two classes were chosen consist of 30 students of each class so 60 students were selected as sample of this research by applying multistage cluster random sampling. The research design was experimental research by using factorial design 2x2. The XI IPA2 class was taught by using Directed Reading Thinking Activity and XI IAI was taught by using Questions-Answer Relationship (QARs) Strategy. Curiosity questionnaire was conducted for classifying the students upon the high and low curiosity. Students’ achievement in reading comprehension was measured by using reading comprehension test. The data were analyzed by applying two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the level of significant. The results of the data analysis proved that: 1) The students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by Directed Reading Thinking Activity (DRTA) strategy is higher than students achievement in reading comprehension taught by Questions-Answer Relationship(QARs) Teaching strategy. 3) there was interaction between teaching strategies and curiosity on students’ achievement in reading comprehension.Keywords: Curiosity; Comprehension; Achievement; Teaching Strategies
THE TRANSLATION STRATEGIES OF METAPHOR IN THE MAGIC OF THINKING BIG TRANSLATED INTO BAHASA INDONESIA BY DIAN PARAMESTI BAHAR
Authors: Situmorang Khairani Hayat , Dirgeyasa I. W. , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: September 2020

The research dealt with Metaphor Sentences. The aims of this study were: (1) to find out the translation strategies of metaphors are used in The Magic of Thinking Big and (2) to describe the translation strategies maintain metaphors in The Magic of Thinking Big. The research was conducted by using qualitative design. The data of this study were sentences. The data were collected through documentary technique and the instrument was the documentary sheet. The technique of data analysis was descriptive. The finding of this study revealed that: (1) The metaphor in The magic of Thinking Big were translated by applying six translation strategies, namely: word for word Translation (5.3%) lieral translation (4.3%), faithful translation (57.5%), Free translation (3.2%), communicative translation (30.5%) and discursive creation was found (2.2%). (2) The metaphors are maintained that found in the Magic of Thinking Big are original metaphors turned into another original metaphors, stock metaphors turned into another stock metaphors, adapted metaphors turned into adapted metaphors, dead metaphors turned into dead metaphors, original metaphor turned into stock metaphor, stock metaphor turned into original metaphor, meanwhile, 10 original metaphors and 1 dead metaphor are no longer classified as metaphors. Language has special characteristic that is metaphor sentences, therefore in the case of translating of metaphor sentences in which their concept in unknown for readers, the translator often faces the problems to find out the translation strategies to translate metaphor in a source language (SL) and how the metaphor sentences are maintained in the target language (TL).Keywords : Metaphor, Translation Strategies, Maintain Metaphor