bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Arrivals on Green at Signalized Intersections Using Stop-Bar Video Detection
Authors: Gavric Slavica , Dobrota Nemanja , Erdagi Ismet Goksad , Stevanovic Aleksandar , Osman Osama A.
Published: February 2023

Across the world, traffic congestion is increasing with alarming rapidity. Traffic signal control effectiveness, in coordinated networks, is often investigated in relation to the type of vehicle arrivals at the signalized intersections. Recently, several transportation agencies have switched from traditional loop detectors to video detection. When video cameras are accompanied by computer vision, one can extract more information about traffic “dynamics” than by using traditional inductive loop detectors. Collecting arrival times of multiple vehicles after the first arrival at the stop-bar detector might be challenging when using inductive loop detectors (since after the first arrival, detector status is always occupied). However, emerging video detection systems allow tracking of each vehicle’s entrance time in the detection zone, departure time from the detection zone, and the type of vehicle. This information can be used to estimate vehicular arrival and departure times, which then can be fed into machine learning algorithms to estimate arrivals on green (AOG). However, such research ideas have not been documented so far. Thus, this paper presents an estimation model for AOG, which was developed using multigene genetic programming. A robust experimental dataset was collected from a highly calibrated and validated microsimulation model of an 11-intersection corridor in Chattanooga, TN. The results of the model’s performance analysis showed the high accuracy of the training-, testing-, and validation datasets. The practical benefit of this model is that it can be applied to estimate arrival types at intersections where only stop-bar video detection exists.
Debiased Machine Learning for Estimating the Causal Effect of Urban Traffic on Pedestrian Crossing Behavior
Authors: Kamal Kimia , Farooq Bilal
Published: February 2023

Before the transition of automated vehicles (AVs) to urban roads and subsequently unprecedented changes in traffic conditions, the evaluation of transportation policies and futuristic road design related to pedestrian crossing behavior is of vital importance. Recent studies analyzed the non-causal impact of various variables on pedestrian waiting time in the presence of AVs. However, we mainly investigate the causal effect of traffic density on pedestrian waiting time. We develop a double/debiased machine learning (DML) model in which the impact of the confounders variable influencing both a policy and an outcome of interest is addressed, resulting in unbiased policy evaluation. Furthermore, we try to analyze the effect of traffic density by developing a copula-based joint model of the two main components of pedestrian crossing behavior, pedestrian stress level and waiting time. The copula approach has been widely used in the literature for addressing self-selection problems, which can be classified as a causality analysis in travel behavior modeling. The results obtained from copula approach and DML are compared based on the effect of traffic density. In the DML model structure, the standard error term of the density parameter is lower than that of the copula approach and the confidence interval is considerably more reliable. In addition, despite the similar sign of effect, the copula approach estimates the effect of traffic density lower than DML, because of the spurious effect of the confounders. In short, the DML model structure can flexibly adjust the impact of confounders by using machine learning algorithms and is more reliable for planning future policies.
Force-torque (F-T) based multi-drone cooperative transport using fuzzy logic and low-cost and imprecise F-T sensor
Authors: Barawkar Shraddha , Kumar Manish
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a novel approach to perform the task of cooperative transportation (CT) by using multiple quadcopter drones. A leader-follower approach is utilized. Considering that the leader drone can be controlled using different means, such as Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) control or remote control by an operator, this paper focuses on designing the control scheme for the follower drone. This paper specifically considers outdoor application of such systems that requires usage of Global Positioning System (GPS) to receive the positional information of the drones. However, GPS has inherent errors of order of magnitude that can destabilize the system. In order to address this major limitation, a Force-Torque Feedback Controller (FT-FC) is proposed to control the follower drone. The FT-FC provides control based on the interaction forces and torques acting at the point of contact between the follower drone and the payload. Using such passive control schemes, drones are thus not required to communicate with each other. Fuzzy Logic (FL) is used to implement the FT-FC. Fuzzy Logic provides effective force-torque coordination between drones, emulates human behavior during CT, and allows use of noisy inexpensive force-torque sensors. This paper presents results from numerical simulations showing the effectiveness of the proposed controller for way-point navigation and complex trajectory tracking. Additionally, the effectiveness of the fuzzy-based FT-FC in terms of handling disturbances is also demonstrated. The proposed FL FT-FC is also experimentally validated for two applications viz. three-dimensional physical Human Drone Interaction (HDI) and CT.
Influence analysis and low carbon evaluation of 3D sand printing process parameters on efficiency, resource consumption, and carbon emission
Authors: Zheng Jun , Lin Feng , Shi Junjie , Hu Xinyu , Pan Qi , Qi Tiening , Ren Yicheng , Guan Aizhi , Zhang Zhiyi , Ling Wei
Published: February 2023

The 3D sand printing (3DSP) technology provides a richer realization path for the sustainable development of the manufacturing industry. It has the advantages of one-time molding, reducing design constraints and machining amount, and easy control of casting dimensional accuracy. Therefore, studying the impact of process parameters of the printing process on printing efficiency, resource consumption, and carbon emissions is the basis for the sustainable development of 3DSP technology. In this paper, starting from the main influencing parameters such as printing layer thickness, recoater speed, printing angle, and single printing quantity, a relationship model between printing parameters and carbon emission sources is constructed. A total factor carbon emission prediction model of 3DSP process including the impact of capital and labor is established. Build an influence relationship with printing parameters as independent variables and carbon emissions as dependent variables. Taking the sand casting industry as an example to verify the above model, the experimental results show that the thickness of the printing layer has the greatest impact on carbon emissions. When the layer thickness is 0.36 mm, the speed of the recoater is 0.22 m/s, the printing angle is (0°, 0°, 90°), and the single print quantity is 84, the total carbon emission is the lowest and 28.77% less compared to the parameter with the highest carbon emission. The average relative error of the predictive model is 1.929%. The results of this study can provide some new ideas for sustainable development of additive manufacturing technology.
Organizational Innovation and Export Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Spice Enterprises in Tanzania: The Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Lwesya Francis Bernard , Achanta Jyoti Pramod
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to examine the role of organizational innovation on export performance. Process upgrading was introduced in order to capture the mediation effects through a moderated mediation model. Firm size was presented as a moderator. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Hayes’s PROCESS Model 8 to determine the indirect effects. The results show that process upgrading partially mediates the relationship between organizational innovation and export performance and firm size was an important factor in shaping the direction of this relationship. Therefore, SME managers and entrepreneurs need to develop effective systems to accommodate organizational innovations and process upgrading in their organizations. This study provides a conceptual model that takes the network theory into account and can be used as a guide for the actions of managers, and it offers some insights that SMEs operating in a resource-constrained environment can use organizational innovations to upgrade their positions and thereby improve their export performance in the food sector.
Role of Emerging Job Skills for Adjusting with Digital Work–Life Challenges
Authors: Mutsuddi Indranil , Bali Neetu , Sinha Chandranshu , Sinha Ruchi
Published: February 2023

There is a paradigm shift amongst the organizations post the pandemic with the emergence of digital workplaces which resonate virtual settings rather than physical settings at work which have implications on work–life balance among employees. The research in past have mostly explored the ways in which digital workplaces have changed the skills desired by employers for organizational effectiveness. However, the current research has tried to foster a holistic understanding of the challenges in digital work places and the specific job skills that enable to handle digital work–life challenges for employee effectiveness. The article provides the problem and solution under a singular umbrella, providing an anchor for human resource professionals to embrace changes in people process management with the rise of digital workplaces. The study has deployed a sequential mixed method approach to conduct the study. In the first phase an in-depth qualitative inquiry was conducted to explore digital work–life challenges through interviews conducted with practicing managers in IT industry from North India. In the second phase of the study an empirical model was developed to validate the specific job skills that impact digital work–life challenges using structural equation modelling (SEM). The empirically tested model indicated that stress tolerance and communication prowess were the two most important predictors of managing digital work–life challenges. Ability to adjust on the other hand, emerged as a mediating factor between uncertainty management and communication prowess. The model highlights the socio-technical arrangements that can be explored by practitioners in Industry for an effective digital work–life balance and effectiveness.
Book review: Susanna Price and Jane Singer (Eds.), Country Frameworks for Development Displacement and Resettlement: Reducing Risk, Building Resilience
Authors: Thakur Shivani , Kumar Manoj
Published: February 2023

Susanna Price and Jane Singer (Eds.), Country Frameworks for Development Displacement and Resettlement: Reducing Risk, Building Resilience (Routledge, 2019), 316 pp. £29.59, ISBN 9780367670986 (Paperback).
Using Light Art Installation in Urban Nightscapes to Raise Public Awareness of Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Chen Shaokun , Fu Kaixuan , Yang Biao , Lian Xin
Published: February 2023

The carbon neutrality goal requires citizens’ awareness and participation. Public art attracts audiences to spread awareness by intervening in urban space, which is conducive to the visualization and receptivity of abstract social issues. This article introduces the light art installation “Arctic Melting.” It gives citizens an immersive and interactive experience of the impact of carbon emissions on Arctic glaciers. Twenty-eight viewers’ scores and 15 citizens’ comments were collected. Results show that this installation brings good visual attraction, sensory experience, aesthetic appreciation, and conceptual thinking. This proves light art installations effectively enhance citizens’ awareness of important social issues such as carbon neutrality.
The Efficacy of Virtual Reality Training in the Rehabilitation of Orthopedic Ankle Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Elaraby Abd El Rahman , Shahien Mostafa , Jahan Alhadi M. , Etoom Mohammad , Bekhet Amira Hassan
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Orthopedic ankle injuries are considered among the most common musculoskeletal injuries. A wide variety of modalities and techniques have been used for the management of these injuries, and virtual reality (VR) is one modality that has been examined in ankle injuries rehabilitation.

Purpose:

This study aims to systemically review previous studies evaluating the effect of virtual reality in rehabilitating orthopedic ankle injuries.

Methods:

We searched six online databases: PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL).

Results:

Ten randomized clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. Our results showed that VR had a significant effect on overall balance compared to conventional physiotherapy (SMD = 0.359, 0.009–0.710 P = 0.04), [ I 2= 17%, P = 0.30]. Compared with conventional physiotherapy, VR programs significantly improved gait parameters such as speed and cadence, muscle power, and perceived ankle instability; however, no significant difference was detected in the foot and ankle ability measure (FAAM). Additionally, significant improvements in static balance and perceived ankle instability were reported after the use of VR balance and strengthening programs. Finally, only two articles were deemed to have good quality, and the other studies’ quality ranged from poor to fair.

Conclusion:

VR rehabilitation programs can be used to rehabilitate ankle injuries, as they are regarded as safe interventions and have promising effects. However, there is a need for studies with high quality since most included studies’ quality varied from poor to fair.
Fibrinogen as a Predictor of Early Neurological Deterioration in Acute Ischemic Stroke – Evidence From the Indian Population
Authors: Mehta Vishal , Sharma Akhya , Jyoti Divya , Prabhakar Rathod , Kumar Ritesh , Guria Rishi T. , Sharma Chandra B.
Published: February 2023

Background

Early neurological deterioration (END) is a common occurrence in ischemic stroke and contributes significantly to poor outcomes. Although multiple factors that predict END have already been identified, the role of fibrinogen – a key component of the coagulation pathway, is controversial.

Objective

To assess the role of fibrinogen in predicting END and poor hospital outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Design

Single-centre prospective observational study.

Methods

141 patients with acute ischemic stroke were analyzed in this prospective observational study from a single tertiary-care hospital in East India. END was defined as a worsening of ≥2 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) within 7 days of admission. A score of 3-5 on the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS), a stroke recurrence event or death during hospital stay was considered poor hospital outcome. We performed univariate analysis using age, sex, body-mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, NIHSS scores, stroke etiology, blood glucose and lipid parameters and plasma fibrinogen to develop a logistic regression model to establish the independent predictors of END and poor outcome.

Results

Age (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.034 [95% CI 1.001-1.069], P = .046), NIHSS score at admission (OR 1.152 [95% CI 1.070-1.240], P < .001) and fibrinogen (OR 1.011 [95%CI 1.006-1.015], P < .001) were independent predictors of END in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Factors independently associated with poor outcome were NIHSS score at admission (OR 1.257 [95% CI 1.150-1.357], P < .001), fasting plasma glucose (OR 1.007 [95% CI 1.001-1.013], P = .020), and fibrinogen [OR 1.004 [95% CI 1.000-1.007], P = .038).

Conclusion

The significant role of fibrinogen in determining neurological worsening and subsequent poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke may help in early prognostication and guided therapeutic interventions.
‘Time's relentless melt’: The severity of life imprisonment through the prism of old age
Authors: Vannier Marion , Nellis Ashley
Published: February 2023

This paper considers the pains of life-sentence imprisonment through the novel vantage point of old age understood as a process. Our prison populations are getting older and the use of life sentences is dramatically increasing. Yet, research, campaigning, law and policy have not addressed the long-term consequences of imposing life sentences on prisoners who will age. Whilst far from exhaustive, our study draws on studies in gerontology, health policy and penology. We rely on shared analysis of collected official data from the US and the UK to highlight how the expansion and growth of life sentences on the one hand, and the dramatic aging of the prison population, on the other, are intertwined and need to be considered together. This article emphasizes the urgency of taking a holistic approach to penal severity, one that includes analyses of scale, lived experiences, as well as of law and politics, to uncover the multiple forms of marginalization elderly prisoners are exposed to. Aging is a phenomenon we will all experience, yet, in the context of imprisonment, we argue that old age is a ‘prison problem’ rather than a ‘prisoner problem,’, urging research and policy to depart from the conventional and reductive view of the older prisoner as one in need of transformation and treatment or as being inherently criminal.
Frozen modernity: the US-India ice trade and the cultures of colonialism
Authors: Ashutosh Ishan
Published: February 2023

This article examines the history of the ice trade between the United States and India that operated from the early-to-mid 19th century. I argue that the ice trade reinforced cultures of colonialism, with its ideas about nature, race, and disease. As a commodity, ice demarcated colonial from colonized space, the tropics from the temperate, and the European from the Indian body. In particular, this article focuses on three central ways in which the U.S.-India ice trade aided in the production of Calcutta’s colonial landscape. First, U.S. ice capital illuminates the commodification of nature and the creation of exchange value that was instilled through a series of movements across space, from New England’s ponds and ports, to the ship, and finally, into Calcutta’s marketplace. Once in Calcutta, American ice dislodged local ice and the established practices associated with the production of the cold. Second, the ice trade promoted discourses of modern colonizing civilization that shaped the landscapes and practices of Calcutta. Conceptions of freshness and purity proliferated through the ice trade, from the object itself, to the perishable commodities that landed in Calcutta frozen in ice. Third, I illuminate how ice was used in Calcutta, especially its promotion in colonial medicine. More than an item of luxury, ice was held to be an indispensable article in the preservation of the colonial body. Ice contained the promise of racial durability in the tropics and the very health of colonial authority. Across these three cultural elements of the ice trade, this article contributes to new geographies of global history, the mobility of race through trade, and cryopolitics.
Empirical and Normative Without a Universal Human Nature
Authors: Modood Tariq
Published: February 2023

I rally behind Floyd’s call to arms for an approach to political philosophy based on the broad hope ‘that we can successfully treat certain forms of human action as expressions [of] normative preferences ripe for conversion into political principles’. I have doubts, however, about his use of social science: it is too selective and is selected on the basis of the avoidance of two social evils and thus does not answer the fundamental questions of political philosophy about the good life and a polity that is based on positive ideals and aspirations. Nor do I see that the avoidance of the normative aloofness of ‘continental’ critical theory requires the postulation of a universal human nature, a postulate that in any case is unavailable.
Clinical, Radiographic, and Patient-Perceived Outcome After Radial Hemi-Wrist Arthroplasty With a New Implant: 20 Cases With 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Reiser Daniel , Sagerfors Marcus , Wretenberg Per , Pettersson Kurt , Fischer Per
Published: February 2023

Background:

Distal component loosening is a common mode of failure in total wrist arthroplasty (TWA). A radial hemi-wrist arthroplasty (RHWA) has the potential to avoid problems related to the distal component in TWA. The aim of this study is to investigate clinical outcomes following surgical treatment with a new RHWA design.

Methods:

In this pilot study of 20 consecutive RHWAs, patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively for range of motion, grip strength, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, and functional scoring using Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Radiographs were analyzed at 12 months and 5 years (mean, 5.1 years) postoperatively.

Results:

A total of 46 secondary surgeries were undertaken in 16 wrists, including 7 revisions. Another 6 patients are waiting for revision to radiocarpal arthrodesis. In non-revised patients, the DASH and PRWE scores improved, and wrist range of motion remained largely unchanged except for wrist flexion, which decreased. The VAS pain score during activity was reduced, and hand grip strength remained largely unchanged.

Conclusions:

The new implant resulted in improved functional scoring and improved VAS pain scores in non-revised patients, but many cases needed secondary surgery due to persistent pain. The high revision rate is a major concern, and further use of the implant in its current form cannot be recommended.
Exploring the Use of Photovoice in Understanding the Lived Experience of Neurological Conditions: A Scoping Review and Reflexive Thematic Analysis
Authors: Smith James , Nels Andre , Emery Laura , Stanley Mandy
Published: February 2023

People living with neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease and dementia may experience physical impairment, social disengagement, cognitive issues, and emotional disturbances. While qualitative research utilising in-depth interviews can access lived experience perspectives, the use of photovoice has the potential to obtain rich insights that include images and raise community awareness. The purpose of this scoping review was to document salient themes relating to the lived experience of neurological conditions as reported in photovoice studies. Following established scoping review methods of the Joanna Briggs Institute, a comprehensive search of five electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PSYCHINFO, CINAHL, and SCOPUS was conducted, as well as relevant journals and reference lists of retrieved studies. References were sorted, screened, and evaluated for inclusion using Endnote and Rayyan. The search results and the study inclusion process were reported in full in the final scoping review and presented in a PRISMA-ScR flow diagram. Reflexive thematic analysis was managed through NVivo to identify and synthesise findings, as well as identify themes. Following the removal of duplicates, the search identified 109 articles for title and abstract screening. The final dataset consisted of 25 studies published between 2007 and 2021. Two themes were identified: 1) ‘Losses and benefit finding’ focuses on the lived experience of people with neurological conditions including being pushed aside by society, a progressive decline of self and growing as a result of losses; 2) ‘Challenges of using photovoice in neurological research’ covers the confusion of terminology and implementation complexities and adaption. Societal change is needed for greater inclusion of people living with neurological conditions. Future studies using photovoice need to pay attention to methodological issues and include the recommended final step of the photovoice process to hold gallery exhibits to disseminate findings to raise awareness and initiate social change.
Why We Gather: A New Look, Empirically Documented, at Émile Durkheim’s Theory of Collective Assemblies and Collective Effervescence
Authors: Rimé Bernard , Páez Dario
Published: February 2023

For Durkheim, individuals’ survival and well-being rest on cultural resources and social belonging that must be revived periodically in collective assemblies. Durkheim’s concern was to clarify how these assemblies achieve this revitalization. An intensive examination of primitive religions led him to identify successive levels of engagement experienced by participants and to develop explanatory principles relevant to all types of collective gatherings. Durkheim’s conception is widely referred to nowadays. However, the question of its empirical status remains open. We extracted from his text his main statements and translated them into research questions. We then examined each question in relation to current theories and findings. In particular, we relied on the plethora of recent cognitive and social-psychology studies that document conditions of reduced self-other differentiation. Abundant data support that each successive moment of collective assemblies contributes to blurring this differentiation. Ample support also exists that because shared emotions are increasingly amplified in collective context, they can fuel high-intensity experiences. Moreover, recent studies of self-transcendent emotions can account for the self-transformative effects described by Durkheim at the climax of collective assemblies. In conclusion, this century-old model is remarkably supported by recent results, mostly collected in experimental settings.
Synthesis and enzymatic inhibition effects of thiazolidinedione 3C-like protease inhibitors
Authors: Ye Xin , Li Yuhua , Guo Lina , Yao Yiling , Zhu Rouyu , Wei Shuang , Diao Hua , Shao Zhiyu
Published: February 2023

The 3C-like protease (also known as Mpro) plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 replication and has similar substrates across mutant coronaviruses, making it an ideal drug target. We synthesized 19 thiazolidinedione derivatives via the Knoevenagel condensations and Mitsunobu reactions as potential 3C-like protease inhibitors. The activity of these inhibitors is screened in vitro by employing the enzymatic screening model of 3C-like protease using fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Dithiothreitol is included in the enzymatic reaction system to avoid non-specific enzymatic inhibition. Active inhibitors with diverse activity are found in this series of compounds, and two representative inhibitors with potent inhibitory activity are highlighted.
The solvation of SOH group in hydrated HSO4−(H2O)n clusters
Authors: Li Huiyan
Published: February 2023

The S=O stretching and SOH bending peaks in the vibrational spectra of HSO4−(H2O) n, with n up to 6, are analyzed by both harmonic analysis and ab initio molecular dynamics simulation. The SOH bending mode is found to be much more sensitive to the extent of hydration and to the fluctuation of hydrogen bonds than the S=O stretching mode. The SOH donor hydrogen bond is gradually stabilized by n = 4, and further shortened up to n = 6, which is the key factor to understand the trend of evolution observed in the infrared multiple photon dissociation spectra.
Selling Turkish quality: Multiple proximities and Turkish format exports in the post-streaming era
Authors: Baran Şebnem
Published: February 2023

A close analysis of puhutv’s Şahsiyet ( Persona, 2018) and its Mexican adaptation for HBO Max Latin America (HBO Max Latinoamérica), Asesino del Olvido ( Before I Forget, 2021) reveals that the show’s hybridization of the Turkish series’ melodramatic conventions with the Anglo-American quality TV characteristics is the key to its adaptability for Mexican audiences. Melodrama’s domination in both Turkey and Mexico contributes to the similar utilization of melodramatic elements when the Anglo-American quality TV model is adapted for the local audiences. Therefore, the proximity around the mainstream popularity of melodramas in both markets and the shared juxtaposition of melodrama and quality allow Şahsiyet to flow as a quality TV format between Turkey and Mexico.
Homonationalism, LGBT desaparecidos, and the politics of queer memory in Argentina
Authors: Insausti Santiago Joaquín , Ben Pablo
Published: February 2023

Although homonationalism is a fundamental category in queer studies, it has never been used to understand the history of the Argentine lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender movement and the emergence of a hegemonic queer memory based on the self-representation of Argentina as a “European-like” and “white” nation that often claims to be different from “the rest” of Latin America. This article examines the history of the Argentine construction of whiteness to understand hegemonic queer memory today and analyze why the 1976–1983 dictatorship has been hyper-memorialized, while state violence against queer people in democratic times is downplayed. We also refer to homonationalism to understand the success of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender rights revolution and present a discussion of the relationship between lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender politics and the construction of queer memory. As homonationalism shaped the formation of a hegemonic queer memory in the twenty-first century, alternative memories of police harassment of travestis and homosexual men after and before the dictatorship have been hidden in plain sight through reframing, displacement, temporal transpositions, and other forms of scripting.
Unsettling homocolonial frames of remembrance: Two-Spirit and Indigiqueer interventions at the museum
Authors: Failler Angela
Published: February 2023

This article considers a Two-Spirit and Indigiqueer protest at the Canadian Museum for Human Rights as a flashpoint that exposes problems with how memory-making institutions are incorporating lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer issues into their programming and/or collections. The protest brings into relief the museum’s investment in a homocolonial framing of remembrance for the way in which the telling of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer ‘progress’ is entangled with a settler colonial political economy wherein the tokenistic inclusion of some queers into the sexual citizenry happens alongside the dispossession, devaluing and criminalizing of others. I then undertake some preliminary ‘curatorial dreaming’ upon two other interventions–commentaries uploaded to a digital story bank by a Two-Spirit and an Indigenous queer museumgoer, and the short film Woman Dress by Plains Cree artist TJ Cuthand. Along with the protest, the commentaries and the film unsettle homocolonial frames of remembrance and provide critical openings towards decolonial queer memory work at the museum.
State of the art review: The management of chronic vascular disorders in the hand and upper limb
Authors: Titan Ashley L. , Chang James , Megerle Kai , Murray Peter , Hammert Warren
Published: February 2023

This review article summarizes the basic principles of vascular anatomy, physiology, diagnostic work-up and treatment for patients with nontraumatic upper extremity vascular disorders. Vascular disorders can be considered vasospastic or occlusive. The most commonly encountered vasospastic condition is Raynaud’s Phenomenon secondary to scleroderma. While historically this has been managed medically with vasodilators, more advanced cases can benefit from surgical treatment to improve blood flow and minimize tissue loss, with compelling evidence that earlier surgical intervention can modify disease process and should be considered. Occlusive disease can present as aneurysm or thrombosis and often requires surgical treatment with resection of the occluded segment with or without vascular reconstruction. In advanced atherosclerotic disease or end stage ischemia, arterialization of the venous system can be considered to avoid more proximal amputations.
Chemical Characterization of Three Artemisia tridentata Essential Oils and Multivariate Analyses: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Swor Kathy , Satyal Prabodh , Poudel Ambika , Setzer William N
Published: February 2023

Background/Objective: Big sagebrush ( Artemisia tridentata Nutt., Asteraceae) is a conspicuous shrub growing in arid and semi-arid regions of intermountain western North America, from eastern Washington and Oregon, through Nevada, Idaho, and Utah, into northern Arizona and New Mexico, and east as far as the western Dakotas, and Colorado. At least three subspecies of A. tridentata have been recognized, including A. tridentata subsp. tridentata Nutt. (basin big sagebrush), A. tridentata subsp. wyomingensis Beetle & A.L.Young (Wyoming big sagebrush), and A. tridentata subsp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle (mountain big sagebrush). Although big sagebrush is an important food source and cover for several animal species, the volatile phytochemistry has shown wide variation in composition. The purpose of this work was to compare and contrast the essential oil compositions of the three subspecies of A. tridentata growing in southwestern Idaho. Methods/Results: Several samples of A. tridentata subsp. wyomingensis and A. tridentata subsp. vaseyana were collected, the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation using a Likens-Nickerson apparatus in yields of 2.33%-4.45% and 0.90%-1.73%, respectively, and the essential oils analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. Although A. tridentata shows wide variation in essential oil compositions, multivariate analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) indicated A. tridentata subsp. tridentata to be characterized by high concentrations of yomogi alcohol (5.8%-30.8%) and camphor (5.2%-20.1%), while camphor was the defining component in A. tridentata subsp. wyomingensis (10.0%-30.1%) and subsp. vaseyana (16.1%-40.2%). One sample of A. tridentata subsp. vaseyana was dominated by α-thujone (76.1%), however. Conclusion: There is much variation in essential oil compositions of A. tridentata, both within subspecies and between geographical locations; much additional investigation is necessary to more fully characterize the volatile phytochemistry of this plant.
Revenue Analytics: The Problem With Fixed-Tier Pricing
Authors: Ma Jing , Schwartz Zvi
Published: February 2023

With the widely used fixed-tier computerized pricing system (e.g., based on the best available rate or BAR), fenced discount rates are set and updated as a fixed percentage of the base rate such as the BAR. This intuitive computer-automated solution to a complex pricing issue is, however, theoretically suboptimal. The study demonstrates why the practice of using fixed-tier pricing is suboptimal, showing that this fixed-tier approach is inferior even when the initial set of fenced rates is optimal and even in the unlikely scenario of the various market segments’ demand curves shifting proportionally. As such, practitioners should avoid using a convenient fixed-tier pricing model (BAR-based or not) where only one pricing optimization is run and the rest of the fenced prices are calculated based on this optimized price using fixed percentages. Instead, a fenced-rate pricing system where individual segments are treated independently, and optimizations are run for each segment should be adopted.
Design, development, and calibration of split Hopkinson pressure bar system for Dynamic material characterization of concrete
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mohsin , Iqbal Mohd Ashraf
Published: February 2023

Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system is significantly used for dynamic material characterization in the range of strain rates 102–104 s-1; however, there is no standard design methodology or readily available technique for the development of this apparatus. The objective of this study is to present a detailed design, development and calibration of SHPB apparatus for dynamic material characterization of concrete in compression. The calibration of the loading and bar components has been presented with the help of experimental results and validated following an analytical approach for one-dimensional stress wave propagation. The experimental pulse duration, 124.5 microsecond, and elastic wave speed, 4820 m/s, was measured with 2% deviation from the analytical results. Under three different impact velocities, a minimum 1.09% and maximum 4.14% decrement was observed in the incident wave as compared to analytical formulation. The recorded strain signals were captured in the transmission bar with a decrement of 1, 3, and 3.3% in peak strain when compared to the incident bar, at 4.5, 4.9, and 5.7 m/s impact velocities. The incident and transmission bars had almost identical wave characteristics demonstrating that the bar system has been perfectly and precisely aligned, and almost complete wave transfer is seen to have occurred. Experiments performed on M35 concrete specimens using the developed SHPB setup have been presented and discussed. The results demonstrated that the developed SHPB setup is capable to provide accurate results for the dynamic material characterization of concrete at high strain rate loading.
Task and Social Determinants of Coaches’ Reports of Leader-Member Exchange
Authors: Cranmer Gregory A. , Rey Rikishi T. , Capra Johnny , Browning Blair , Sollitto Michael
Published: February 2023

Leader-member exchange theory (LMX) has proliferated as a framework for understanding coach-athlete interactions, as the exchanges of communicative resources greatly influence athletes’ sporting experiences. The current study uses coaches’ perceptions of task and social determinants of LMX to reveal comparative insights about forming low- and high-quality exchanges. Data collected from 380 coaches, spanning 14 different sports, at 160 high schools indicated that high-quality exchanges are solely determined by athletes’ abilities. In contrast, low-quality exchanges are determined by coaches’ negative affect towards athletes, and to a lesser extent, athletes’ poor performances and lack of competitiveness. Findings contribute to sports communication literature by examining LMX from coaches’ perspectives and identifying the unique determinants of various groupings within LMX. Both coaches and athletes may find utility in the current findings as they look to create meaningful relationships and positive sporting experiences.
Lack of Sample Diversity in Research on Adolescent Depression and Social Media Use: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ghai Sakshi , Fassi Luisa , Awadh Faisal , Orben Amy
Published: February 2023

Research on whether social media use relates to adolescent depression is rapidly increasing. However, is it adequately representing the diversity of global adolescent populations? We conducted a preregistered scoping review (research published between 2018 and 2020; 34 articles) to investigate the proportion of studies recruiting samples from the Global North versus Global South and assess whether the association between social media and depression varies depending on the population being studied. Sample diversity was lacking between regions: More than 70% of studies examined Global North populations. The link between social media and depression was positive and significant in the Global North but null and nonsignificant in the Global South. There was also little evidence of diversity within regions in both sampling choices and reporting of participants’ demographics. Given that most adolescents live in the Global South and sample diversity is crucial for the generalizability of research findings, urgent action is needed to address these oversights.
Development and Feasibility Pilot Study of Indigenous Recovery Planning: A Community-Engaged Approach to Addressing Substance Use in a Native Community
Authors: Skewes Monica C. , Gonzalez Vivian M. , Gameon Julie A. , Ricker Adriann , Martell Shannon , Reum Martel , Holder Shannon
Published: February 2023

Although Native (American Indian [AI] and Alaska Native [AN]) populations have high rates of abstinence from alcohol, health problems associated with substance use remain a pressing concern in many AI/AN communities. As part of a longstanding community-based participatory research project involving 5 years of relationship building and three preliminary studies, our team of academic and community coresearchers developed a culturally grounded intervention to facilitate recovery from substance use disorders among tribal members from a rural AI reservation. Our Indigenous Recovery Planning (IRP) intervention consists of six weekly sessions and is designed to provide inroads to existing resources in the community, affirm and enhance Native identity, address culturally relevant risk factors, and build on strengths. Results from a feasibility pilot study ( N = 15) suggest that IRP is feasible to implement and acceptable to the community. Although there was insufficient statistical power to conduct hypothesis testing, there were changes between pretest and posttest scores in the expected directions. Future directions and limitations of this research are discussed.
Finishing the surface micro-layer of additively manufactured TiAl alloy using electro-thermal discharge assisted post-processing
Authors: Boban Jibin , Ahmed Afzaal
Published: February 2023

Selective laser melting (SLM) of titanium–aluminium (TiAl) alloy components has gained significant attention in the modern industrial world. The flexibility of the SLM process in producing complex shapes with minimum utilization of material and energy makes it dominant over other manufacturing techniques. As aerospace and biomedical industries demand complex-shaped TiAl alloy components, part fabrication using SLM becomes the ultimate solution. However, the unacceptable level of surface integrity and anisotropic behavior of SLM components demand post processing operations such as laser polishing, chemical polishing, and conventional polishing methods. In this study, a recently developed polishing method called wire electrical discharge polishing (WEDP) is performed on TiAl alloys for obtaining a smooth and defect-free surface. This study aims to investigate the micro-layer modification occurring to the WEDP-processed surface in detail. The experimental results establish the effectiveness of WEDP method in terms of improved surface integrity. The surface finish (Sa) got enhanced by ~88% after WEDP processing. In addition, the thickness of recast layer formed by WEDP was found to be minimum. Moreover, post-processing of TiAl alloy resulted in better surface morphology specifically at lower settings of peak current. It is noteworthy that the migration of wire material was minimum with zinc-coated brass electrode compared to the normal brass electrode. Hence, coated wire electrodes are recommended for WEDP process. In short, an excellent surface integrity can be achieved using WEDP process through favorable surface modification aided by lower peak current and coated wire electrodes. Furthermore, less electrode wear observed in WEDP process enables the deployment of lower feed rates leading to minimal electrode consumption.
Multi-environment Genomic Selection in Rice Elite Breeding Lines
Authors: Nguyen Van Hieu , Morantte Rose Imee Zhella , Lopena Vitaliano , Verdeprado Holden , Murori Rosemary , Ndayiragije Alexis , Katiyar Sanjay Kumar , Islam Md Rafiqul , Juma Roselyne Uside , Flandez-Galvez Hayde , Glaszmann Jean-Christophe , Cobb Joshua N. , Bartholomé Jérôme
Published: February 2023

Background

Assessing the performance of elite lines in target environments is essential for breeding programs to select the most relevant genotypes. One of the main complexities in this task resides in accounting for the genotype by environment interactions. Genomic prediction models that integrate information from multi-environment trials and environmental covariates can be efficient tools in this context. The objective of this study was to assess the predictive ability of different genomic prediction models to optimize the use of multi-environment information. We used 111 elite breeding lines representing the diversity of the international rice research institute breeding program for irrigated ecosystems. The lines were evaluated for three traits (days to flowering, plant height, and grain yield) in 15 environments in Asia and Africa and genotyped with 882 SNP markers. We evaluated the efficiency of genomic prediction to predict untested environments using seven multi-environment models and three cross-validation scenarios.

Results

The elite lines were found to belong to the indica group and more specifically the indica-1B subgroup which gathered improved material originating from the Green Revolution. Phenotypic correlations between environments were high for days to flowering and plant height (33% and 54% of pairwise correlation greater than 0.5) but low for grain yield (lower than 0.2 in most cases). Clustering analyses based on environmental covariates separated Asia’s and Africa's environments into different clusters or subclusters. The predictive abilities ranged from 0.06 to 0.79 for days to flowering, 0.25–0.88 for plant height, and − 0.29–0.62 for grain yield. We found that models integrating genotype-by-environment interaction effects did not perform significantly better than models integrating only main effects (genotypes and environment or environmental covariates). The different cross-validation scenarios showed that, in most cases, the use of all available environments gave better results than a subset.

Conclusion

Multi-environment genomic prediction models with main effects were sufficient for accurate phenotypic prediction of elite lines in targeted environments. These results will help refine the testing strategy to update the genomic prediction models to improve predictive ability.
Preliminary evaluation of SaCoVLM video laryngeal mask-guided intubation in airway management for anesthetized children
Authors: Zhi Juan , Deng Xiao-Ming , Zhang Yan-Ming , Wei Ling-Xin , Wang Qian-Yu , Yang Dong
Published: February 2023

Backgrounds

To preliminary evaluate the application of novel SaCoVLM video laryngeal mask -guided intubation for anesthetized children.

Methods

One hundred twenty-four children with microtia (ages 5-15 years,) who required general intubation anaesthesia, were enrolled in the study. After induction of general anesthesia,guided tracheal intubation under direct vision of the SaCoVLM was performed. Our primary outcome was first-pass success rate of guided tracheal tube placement. Secondary outcome included glottic visualization grades, the first-attempt success rate of LMA placement, the time for LMA placement and time to endotracheal intubation as well as the time for LMA removal after successful intubation, the fiberoptic grade of laryngeal view, the baseline and postinduction hemodynamic parameters were also recorded,and the incidence 24 h complications after operation.

Results

The first-pass success rate of guided tracheal tube placement was 91.1% (95%CI = 1.04–1.14), the status of glottic visualization was classified: grade 1 in 27cases, grade 2 in 36 cases, grade 3 in 41 cases and grade 4 in 20 cases. The first success rate of LMA placement was 92.7% (95%CI = 1.03–1.13), the time for LMA insertion was 15.7 (±9.1) s, intubation time was 30.9 (±17.6) s and withdrawl time was 24.9 (±9.3) s. The incidence of postoperative sore throat at 2 h was 29%, and 16.1% at 24 h, without dysphagia and hypoxia.

Conclusion

The SaCoVLM video laryngeal mask-guided intubation is feasible in children, with a high success rate, could be a new promising device to guide intubation in airway management.

Trial registration

This study was approved by the University’s Institutional Review Board and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects participating in the trial. The trial was registered prior to patient enrollment at clinicaltrials.gov (ChiCTR2200061481, http://www.chictr.org.cn. Principal investigator: Juan Zhi; Date of registration: 26/06/2022.