bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
desenvolvimento rural no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Souza Raquel Pereira de , Torres Lucas de Faria
Published: February 2022

O estado do Rio Grande do Sul tem sua dinâmica de desenvolvimento fortemente marcada pelo desenvolvimento da agropecuária. Contudo, distintas dinâmicas se instauraram no espaço rural gaúcho ao longo do tempo. Assim, o artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar os processos de desenvolvimento rural no estado do Rio Grande do Sul a partir de indicadores multidimensionais de desenvolvimento rural, organizados de forma a entender o desenvolvimento rural de forma processual. A técnica estatística utilizada foi a análise fatorial e a de cluster. A análise apontou a existência de uma situação heterogênea em termos de desenvolvimento no espaço rural gaúcho, havendo regiões onde o processo de desenvolvimento tem se mostrado virtuoso e associado à dinâmica da urbanização, e outras situações em que o passivo da dependência agropecuária extensiva, a concentração fundiária, a distância dos grandes centros consumidores e a baixa diversificação das atividades econômicas levaram ao sentido oposto.
Palavras-chave: Indicadores. Desenvolvimento rural. Rio Grande do Sul. Análise de clusters.
presença do cooperativismo na agricultura do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Tomazzoni Gean Carlos , Schneider Sergio
Published: February 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma caracterização do desenvolvimento do cooperativismo na agricultura da macrorregião Sul do Brasil, a partir dos dados dos Censos Agropecuários de 2006 e de 2017. O trabalho identifica e quantifica os estabelecimentos agropecuários que declararam associação à cooperativa através do mapeamento de características dos produtores e da produção, das características socioeconômicas e das tipologias da agricultura não-familiar e familiar. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na análise de dados dos Censos Agropecuários 2006 e 2017 do IBGE, retirados do website SIDRA a partir da variável ‘associação à cooperativa’. Os resultados revelam uma tendência de fortalecimento do cooperativismo na agricultura da macrorregião Sul do Brasil. Espera-se que esses resultados possam ser tomados como importantes sinalizadores para análises mais profundas do contexto político, social e econômico no qual a agricultura brasileira está inserida e como o cooperativismo pode potencializar o seu desenvolvimento.
Palavras-chave: Cooperativismo. Agricultura. Agricultura familiar. Censo agropecuário.
agricultura familiar nos dados do censo agropecuário 2017
Authors: Silva Alexandre da , Gazolla Marcio , Oliveira Nadja Simone Menezes Nery de
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar indicadores da agricultura familiar (AF) no Censo Agropecuário 2017 na Região Sul, desenvolvendo uma comparação do `tamanho´ e perfil da mesma entre os três estados e entre os grupos dos agricultores familiares presentes nas estatísticas censitárias [grupos V (AF-V), B (AF-B) e não Pronafianos (AF-NP)]. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se ancora nos dados quantitativos do Censo Agropecuário de 2017, sobre a agricultura familiar, retirados do Sistema Automático de Recuperação de Dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (SIDRA/IBGE), analisando-se quatorze (14) indicadores censitários. Os resultados demonstram que a AF sulina é expressiva em relação a nacional. Os AFs sulinos são predominantemente homens, brancos, de meia idade a avançada e possuem baixa escolaridade. A AF da Região Sul também apresenta um perfil mais mercantilizado em relação a nacional, pois busca mais Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (ATER), crédito e comercializar sua produção em circuitos mercantis. Entre os três estados que compõe a Região Sul, os resultados são similares em termos de dinâmicas da AF, ficando a grande diferenciação entre os grupos de AFs, em que se tem, de um lado, várias vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas e produtivas dos AFs pobres (grupo B) e, de outro, indicadores censitários mais desenvolvidos dos dois outros grupos (V e NP).
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar. Censo agropecuário 2017. Região Sul. Desenvolvimento rural e regional.
Autonomia feminina no campo
Authors: Silva Leonardo Xavier da , Benites Maria Eduarda Ramazini
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo traçar o perfil da mulher no campo no sul do Brasil, a partir de características censitárias disponíveis dos estabelecimentos agropecuários. Foram extraídos dados do último Censo Agropecuário de 2017 com recorte de gênero e adotando como critério metodológico a divisão entre agricultura familiar e não familiar (orientados pelo Decreto 9.064/2017 que regulamentou a Lei da Agricultura Familiar, além da pesquisa bibliográfica de textos relacionados. As mulheres no campo sofrem com discriminações específicas, seja pela dificuldade no acesso à terra, escolaridade, invisibilização do seu trabalho agrícola entre outros, que representam um entrave à sua autonomia. Neste artigo se verificou que as mulheres de agricultura familiar da Região sul podem ter tido impactos positivos das diretrizes governamentais que tinham por objetivo fornecer maior acesso à terra. Também verificou-se que as mulheres dedicam grande parte da produção do estabelecimento para autoconsumo e que a maioria destas possui escolaridade até no máximo o ensino fundamental. Também é possível que tenha havido a evasão de mulheres das ocupações agropecuárias. As variáveis de acesso à terra, produção para autoconsumo e baixa escolaridade, se avaliadas de forma conjunta, permitem inferir que a mulher do campo ainda busca sair da condição de subordinação de gênero, mesmo que tenha tido conquistas que exponham um horizonte de autonomia no meio rural.
Palavras-chave: Mulheres. Agricultura Familiar. Economia Feminista.
Tipos de estabelecimentos agropecuários familiares no Paraná
Authors: Laurenti Antonio Carlos , Soares Junior Dimas , Costa Gustavo Vaz da
Published: February 2022

A finalidade deste artigo é expor, com base no Censo Agropecuário de 2017, a atual composição do conjunto de estabelecimentos agropecuários familiares situados no Paraná, tendo-se como referência os dez principais grupos de atividades agrícolas. Respalda esse intento a predominância do segmento familiar entre as unidades produtivas e na ocupação de pessoas, após cerca de meio século do deslanche da modernização da base técnica de produção, assim como a redução do pessoal ocupado e da quantidade de estabelecimentos no recente período de recordes de safras. As estimativas do grau de especialização da pauta de produção dos estabelecimentos agropecuários são indicativas de que, a despeito da expressiva quantidade de estabelecimentos diversificados, hoje é majoritária a configuração especializada no âmbito da agricultura familiar paranaense. Isto torna relevante uma caracterização mais pormenorizada para averiguar a associação entre tal configuração e os avanços da pluriatividade e da externalização de tarefas na agricultura familiar paranaense.
Palavras-chave: Agricultura especializada. Censo agropecuário. Sistema de produção agrícola.
retrato dos agricultores negros no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Bráz Cauê Assis , Silva Tulani Mathias de Oliveira , Conterato Marcelo Antonio
Published: February 2022

Dialogando os dados do Censo Agropecuário de 2017 com aspectos históricos e sociais, esse trabalho faz uma análise dos produtores rurais negros na Região Sul do Brasil. Abrangendo as 23 mesorregiões de Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul, a pesquisa deseja destacar informações que possibilitem a análise dos estabelecimentos agropecuários considerando uma variável pouco explorada nos estudos rurais: a raça. O apagamento da presença negra no meio rural sul-brasileiro é fruto da construção de um imaginário colonial que ainda se faz presente e não colabora para a redução das desigualdades existentes, principalmente, na agricultura familiar. A história e os debates convencionais sobre agricultura na Região Sul são regidos por uma visão majoritariamente branca que não apresenta alternativas de desenvolvimento rural para o reconhecimento e inclusão produtiva dos negros. Apesar da desigualdade fundiária, é preciso refletir sobre a construção de políticas públicas voltadas para o suporte desses produtores rurais.
Palavras-chave: Censo Agropecuário. Agricultura Familiar. Raça.
A new species for the vascular flora of Algeria: Cyperus eragrostis (Cyperaceae)
Authors: Bouldjedri Mohammed , De Belair Gerard , Mayache Boualem , Sebti Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This study provides a definition and description of Cyperus eragrostis as a new alien species to Algeria and North African flora. This hemicryptophyte, native to the tropical parts of South America, is recorded for the first time in Jijel eco-complex wetlands in North-East Algeria. Applying the standard phytosociological method we studied the stands in which this alien species grows together with other hygrophilous and ruderal species. The present study improves the knowledge of the Algerian flora and completes the information about the distribution of C. eragrostis reported by the available international literature and public herbaria.
Distribution and ecology of wild lettuces Lactuca serriola L. and Lactuca virosa L. in central Chile
Authors: Lebeda Aleš , Křístková Eva , Khoury Colin K. , Carver Daniel , Sosa Chrystian C.
Published: February 2022

Wild lettuces (Lactuca L.) provide valuable genetic resources for crop breeding, but are also significant invasive weeds. We explored the distributions, habitats, and ecological characteristics of populations of wild Lactuca species in central Chile. We documented two species – Lactuca serriola L. (prickly lettuce) and Lactuca virosa L. (opium/bitter lettuce) in 204 localities. These observations indicate that: i) both allochthonous (Euroasian) Lactuca species occur and are able to regenerate in central Chile; ii) L. serriola forms dense populations in urbanized areas; iii) both species can expand along transport corridors to high elevations; iv) the spread of L. virosa and persistence of dense populations in elevations above 2,000 m a.s.l. prove the invasiveness of this species in extreme climates; v) both species may contain novel traits of interest for germplasm conservation.
Comparison of the differences in the composition of ruderal flora between conventional tram tracks and managed green tram tracks in the urban ecosystem of the city of Bratislava
Authors: Rendeková Alena , Mičieta Karol , Hrabovský Michal , Zahradníková Eva , Michalová Martina , Miškovic Ján , Eliašová Mariana , Ballová Dominika
Published: February 2022

Green infrastructure (GI) brings many benefits to urban ecosystems. Green tram tracks can be considered to be a part of GI. The presented study is focused on the comparison of the species’ frequency and composition between conventional tram tracks and green tram tracks in Bratislava, Slovakia, Central Europe. This comparison also provides an insight into the changes of the flora of tram tracks over time, as we compare the results of the older research with recent research on green tram tracks. The results revealed significant differences in the composition of flora between conventional tram tracks and green tram tracks. In particular, the total number of species has decreased over time, as green tram tracks host fewer spontaneously growing taxa than conventional ones. The frequency of occurrence of archaeophytes and neophytes has decreased on the strict rail yard while on the tracksides it has increased. Green tram tracks deliver positive features to ecosystems, but may also have negative aspects because they present a pool of alien, potentially invasive plants.
Quercus ×numidica Trabut (Fagaceae, Quercoideae) and Cynosuro peltierii-Quercetum afaredis Laribi ex El Mokni ass. nov. new taxon and syntaxon to Kroumirian oak forests of Tunisia with remarks on their ecology and conservation
Authors: Mokni Ridha El
Published: February 2022

The very little-known Quercus ×numidica Trabut, recently typified and synonymised to Q. ×kabylica Trabut, was found within the Cynosuro peltierii-Quercetum afaredis Laribi ex El Mokni ass. nov. (Quercion suberis Loisel 1971). Both the taxon and the syntaxon are described here for the first time for the oak forests of Kroumiria in Tunisia. The distribution, ecology and field photographs of the new taxon are presented and IUCN Red List assessment is provided in this paper. Threats at the national level are assessed and conservation measures for the taxon are proposed.
Contribution to the knowledge of the non-calcareous grasslands of the Monti Sibillini National Park (central Italy): coenological structure, syntaxonomy, ecology, and floristic aspects
Authors: Ballelli Sandro , Tardella Federico Maria , Pennesi Riccardo , Panichella Tiziana , Bricca Alessandro , Vitanzi Alessandra , Catorci Andrea
Published: February 2022

This study provides the first contribution to the knowledge of the non-calcareous grasslands of the arenaceous sector of the Monti Sibillini National Park (central Italy). We conducted 55 relevés using the Braun-Blanquet phytosociological method and analysed the ecology of plant communities by Redundancy analysis using topographic variables and Ellenberg Indicator Values as predictors. We identified nine plant communities, belonging to four classes. Communities of Calluno-Ulicetea and Nardetea strictae were found on acidic soils at higher elevations, those of Festuco-Brometea were mainly associated with steeper south-facing slopes, while Molinio-Arrhenatheretea communities were associated with low altitudes and gentle slopes, semi-flat lands, and high soil nutrient and moisture values. We recorded a total of 410 taxa at the species and subspecies level, representing about 20% of the flora of the Monti Sibillini National Park. Some of these are of high conservation interest, e.g. Calluna vulgaris, Genista sagittalis, Juncus capitatus, and Ophioglossum vulgatum. Eight species are new to the flora of Sibillini National Park.
Natural calcareous Norway spruce woodlands in Slovakia and their syntaxonomical classification
Authors: Kučera Peter
Published: February 2022

A second version of the syntaxonomical classification of calcareous Norway spruce communities is presented for the region of Slovak Western Carpathians. Recent knowledge on delimitation of natural Norway spruce woodlands in Slovakia is summarized as well. As result, four in Slovakia traditionally recognized associations are distinguished: Seslerio caeruleae-Piceetum on the ecologically most extreme habitats, followed by Cirsio erisithalis-Piceetum (a replacement for pseudonymically used Cortuso matthioli-Piceetum), tall-forb community of Adenostylo alliariae-Piceetum and ca. species-poor low-forb community of Mnio spinosi-Piceetum (syn. Oxalido-Piceetum). Additionally, two new associations are differentiated: Fragario vescae-Piceetum ass. prov. standing between Cirsio-Piceetum and Adenostylo-Piceetum and acidified Hieracio murorum-Piceetum on deeper soils developed over rocks of the Mráznica formation. For nomenclatural reasons, new order Cortuso-Piceetalia is described for species-rich calcicolous communities of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea as well as subordinated new alliance Cortuso matthioli-Piceion for the supramontane calcicolous Norway spruce communities.
Features of development of species of the genus Veronica L. in the conditions of steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Chypyliak Tatiana , Zubrovska Olha
Published: February 2022

The paper deals with peculiar features of development of the species Veronica L. in the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine (central part of the country). Under the action of climatic changes occurring for the last 20 years, the species began to grow 6–14 days earlier and increased the vegetation period by 15–25 days. Under the effect of extreme growing conditions (hot weather and drought) decrease in the area of the leaf blade by almost 2 times was recorded in V. prostrata and V. incana. Length and width of the leaf in V. prostrata and V. incana decreased by 20–30%, but in V. austriaca ssp. teucrium a decrease was observed for the leaf width only while its length increased by 17%. Analysis of correlation of climatic factors (air temperature, precipitation amount) to the morphometric parameters of the leaf during seasonal development showed greater dependence of their value on the air temperature, which was confirmed by the inverse correlation coefficients (r = -0.55–-0.66). In the unfavorable growing conditions, the features of formation of the underground part of species are manifested in the inhibited development of underground shoots (by 80–85%) and stimulation of branching and increase in the length of thin sucking roots (1.5 times). Studied species of the genus Veronica in the climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine go through all stages of phenological development and are marked by rather wide range of phenotypic changes in the vegetative sphere.
Conservation Assessment of a critically endangered endemic Polygonum samsunicum (Polygonaceae) with emended description from Turkey
Authors: Karaer Fergan , Celep Ferhat , Celep Ayşegül , Kutbay H. Güray
Published: February 2022

Polygonum samsunicum is one of the endemic species from Turkey. Up to now, it has been only known from the type locality (Samsun /Ladik). This research intends to define the global conservation status and strategies of locally distributed endemic P. samsunicum which has been confronted with the danger of extinction due to anthropogenic effects in recent years. In this research, we did extensive field studies and collected all needed data for determining the precise conservation status of P. samsunicum. We reported nine additional populations from Upper Tersakan valley, where the Mediterranean climate is dominant, and the size of populations, altitude, coordinates, habitat types, and the threats it faces in each locality were given. GeoCAT analyses at global levels indicate the grade of occurrence 21.609 km2 and area of occupancy 10.094 km2 and there could be an inferred decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation of the original population, suggesting local endemic species might be classified as CR, based on criteria B1ab (i, ii, iii) + 2ab (i, ii, iii) in the Red List categorization. Its parts are also consumed by local people due to its medicinal features. For in-situ conservation, phenological life history and detailed ecological studies, as well as population monitoring and ex-situ conservation studies should be continued together. Establishing cooperation between universities, research institutes, and local management authorities is strongly needed for long-term monitoring of population size, distribution, overgrazing, and public awareness.
On the occurrence and naturalization of Amaranthus hypochondriacus (Amaranthaceae) in some European countries, with notes on its climatic features
Authors: Iamonico Duilio , Fortini Paola , Hussain Amara Noor
Published: February 2022

The occurrence and invasion status of Amaranthus hypochondriacus in Belarus, Estonia, Italy, the Netherlands, and the North Caucasus were discussed. For Italy, we change the status from casual to naturalized based on living populations which are able to sustain themselves for 5 and over 20 years. Concerning the other countries, we clarified the invasion status of the species (inconsistently reported in literature) indicating it as a casual alien in Belarus, Estonia, and the North Caucasus and naturalized in the Netherlands. Climatic data of the European stations in which Amaranthus hypochondriacus was found were compared with those referring to the native distribution area (Mexico and southeastern regions of the US). The occurrence of the species in Europe appears to be facilitated by the temperate climate (Dutch and Italian localities), which also characterizes the native distribution area (N-America). The occurrence of the species in Estonia, the Netherlands, and the North Caucasus is interesting. In fact, although the types of climates (“Cold, Dfb” and “Temperate, Cfb”) occur in America (northeastern US and central Mexico), there are some differences in precipitation and temperature values, i.e. lower mean precipitation [644.1 mm (Estonia) vs. 1119 mm (N-America); climate Dfb] and lower mean temperature [9.7–11.1 °C (Netherlands and North Caucasus) vs. 15.3 °C (Mexico); climate Cfb].
Relationships between vegetation of Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce Griseb.) and different types of soils on which it develops
Authors: Mandžukovski Dejan , Teofilovski Aco , Andreevski Marjan , Ćušterevska Renata , Tzonev Rossen , Dimitrov Marius
Published: February 2022

This paper deals with relationships between vegetation of Macedonian pine (Pinus peuce) and soils developed on different parent materials on the territory of North Macedonia. We analysed the floristic composition at localities on limestone, on scree of dolomite marble and on scree of silicate. On limestone and scree of dolomite marble, rendzinas on hard limestone and dolomite have developed, and on silicate parent material brown forest soils. The vegetation was sampled according to the Braun-Blanquet approach. DCA and indicator values were used for ecological interpretation of the vegetation patterns. The mechanical and chemical properties of soil and textural classes were also processed. An evident increased presence of carbonates in the soil of scree of dolomite marble on Nidže Mountain was observed, unlike that on Shar Mountain which has formed on typical limestone. Although it is a forest community dominated by the same species, differences between the massifs, the precipitation regime, geology, differences in soil properties in relation to the appearance of carbonates and pH values, and other factors, result in differences in their floristic composition and are the reason for the distinction between the two groups. On silicate on Nidže Mountain, Macedonian pine forests have also developed on brown forest soils, with a different floristic composition to that of the other group on carbonate (dolomite and limestone).
Temporal and spatial patterns of the river flow and water temperature relations in Poland
Authors: Wrzesiński Dariusz , Graf Renata
Published: February 2022

Main aim of the study was to determine the temporal and spatial patterns of relations between monthly and annual average river flow (RF) and water temperature (WT) for 53 rivers in Poland. The research made use of monthly and annual WT and RF for 88 water gauges for the period 1971–2015. Correlations were established using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and the similarity of RF–WT relations was determined using the Ward’s hierarchical grouping. It was demonstrated that correlations between average annual RF and WT were negative (for >85% of water gauges) and statistically significant (p<0.05) only for 30% of water gauges. It was confirmed that the studied RF–WT relations underwent seasonal changes. Positive correlations were clearly predominant in the winter months, while from April to September these relations were negative and statistically significant. The RF–WT relations were also characterized by spatial differences and this had been confirmed by separation of seven groups of water gauge profiles distinguished with the help of the Ward’s hierarchical grouping method. The strongest RF–WT relations were apparent in the case of mountainous rivers, for which snow melt supply and summer rainfall supply were predominant, and lakeland rivers, which had a considerable share of groundwater supply. These were classified as cold rivers, as opposed to the cool rivers in the lowland belt, for which the RF–WT relations were the weakest. The results obtained may contribute to the elaboration of an appropriate management strategy for river ecosystems, which are assigned important economic and environmental functions.
Evolution of local scour downstream of Type A PK weir in non-cohesive sediments
Authors: Lantz Wyatt D. , Crookston Brian M. , Palermo Michele
Published: February 2022

A large-scale piano key weir laboratory study was conducted to investigate the evolution of the scour process occurring in the downstream basin for two non-cohesive granular bed materials, including the analysis of scour-hole geometry and patterns at equilibrium. It was observed that hydraulic conditions, particularly tailwater level, significantly affect the scour mechanisms and equilibrium morphology, eventually resulting in scour depths that exceeded the weir height. Unprecedented insights on the scour dynamics are also provided, along with tools to estimate the time evolution and maximum scour depth, its location in the streamwise direction, and the maximum scour length.
Effect of slope position on soil properties and soil moisture regime of Stagnosol in the vineyard
Authors: Magdić Ivan , Safner Toni , Rubinić Vedran , Rutić Filip , Husnjak Stjepan , Filipović Vilim
Published: February 2022

Hillslope hydrology in agricultural landscapes is complex due to a variety of hydropedological processes and field management possibilities. The aim was to test if there are any differences in soil properties and water regime along the hillslope and to compare vineyard rows (vine) with inter-rows (grass) area for those properties. The study determined that there are significant differences in the contents of soil particle fractions, pH, and humus content along the slope (P < 0.0001), with lower confidence level in bulk density (P < 0.05). Differences between row and inter-row space were significant for the pH, humus, and silt content, but for sand and clay content, and bulk density differences were not determined. The study determined differences in soil water content among five slope positions (P < 0.0001), and between row and inter-row vineyard space (all with P < 0.05). Where in the upper slope positions (e. g., P1) soil water content was higher than on lower slope positions. Higher soil water content was observed at higher slope positions, associated with clay content. However, it can be concluded that the retention of moisture on the slope is more influenced by local-scale soil properties (primarily soil texture) and variability of the crop (row/inter-row) than the position on the slope.
Incipient motion of sediment particles in the presence of bed forms under decelerating and accelerating flows
Authors: Dodangeh Esmaeil , Afzalimehr Hossein
Published: February 2022

This paper investigates the incipient motion of sediment particles under non-uniform flow in river and laboratory. In rivers, the non-uniform flow is often observed due to the presence of various bed forms. Threshold condition has been examined by using the Shields diagram based on the uniform flow assumption, however, this approach can be led to fallacious results for non-uniform flows where the effect of pressure gradient is significant due to bed forms. This study investigates the chronological order of incipient motion of the particles, the average threshold velocity (Ucr
), and Shields parameter for non-uniform flows. River data collection with gravel is used for investigating the incipient motion of surface layer of river bed and the laboratory data collection is considered studying the incipient motion of sub-surface layer of river. Both river and laboratory data collections are conducted in the presence of bed forms. Results reveal that the Shields diagram underestimates the particle incipient motion under accelerating and decelerating flows for the both case of laboratory and river. In both weak and general motion in the laboratory, the values of the critical Shields parameter are located below the Shields diagram, showing no particle motion. Our analysis shows that the incipient motion in river is affected by the presence of bed forms, river width changes, and flow non-uniformity conditions. The results show that in the accelerating flow (the bed form exit with a negative slope), the incipient motion is greater than the decelerating flow (the bed form entrance with a positive slope).
Short-term effects of compost amendments to soil on soil structure, hydraulic properties, and water regime
Authors: Rivier Pierre-Adrien , Jamniczky Dorina , Nemes Attila , Makó András , Barna Gyöngyi , Uzinger Nikolett , Rékási Márk , Farkas Csilla
Published: February 2022

Despite the increasing interest in applying composts as soil amendments worldwide, there is a lack of knowledge on short-term effects of compost amendments on soil structural and hydraulic properties. Our goal was to study the effect of compost and vermicompost-based soil amendments on soil structure, soil water retention characteristics, aggregate stability and plant water use efficiency compared to that of mineral fertilizers and food-waste digestate and examine if these effects are evident within a short time after application. We set up a pot experiment with spring wheat using a sandy and a loamy soil receiving either mineral fertilizer (MF); dewatered digestate from anaerobic digestion of food waste (DG), vermicomposted digestate (VC_DG); sewage sludge-based compost (C_SS) and sewage sludge-based vermicompost (VC_SS). We then monitored and calculated the soil water balance components (irrigation, outflow, evaporation, transpiration, and soil water content). At harvest, we measured shoot biomass, soil texture, bulk density, water retention characteristics and aggregate stability. The irrigation use efficiency (IE) and the plant water use efficiency (WUE) were calculated for each treatment by dividing the transpiration and the dry shoot biomass with the amount of water used for irrigation, respectively. For the sandy soil, we used X-Ray computed tomography to visualise the pore system after applying organic amendments and to derive metrics of the pore-network such as its fractal dimension, imaged macroporosity and critical pore diameter. X-Ray tomography indicated that composting and vermicomposting resulted in more complex and diverse porous system and increased soil macroporosity. The increased fractal dimensions also indicated that compost and vermicompost can contribute to structure formation and stabilization within a short time after their application. Despite the small application rate and short incubation time, the application of organic amendments to the two different soil types resulted in improved soil water holding capacity and water use efficiency. Composting and vermicomposting appeared to have the best effect at reducing the irrigation demand and evaporation losses and increasing the water use efficiency of the plant, likely through their effect on soil structure and the pore-size distribution.
Innovations in Logistics Management as a Direction for Improving the Logistics Activities of Enterprises
Authors: Cherchata Anzhela , Popovychenko Iryna , Andrusiv Uliana , Gryn Viktoriia , Shevchenko Nadiia , Shkuropatskyi Oleksandr
Published: February 2022

Nowadays innovations became the most important element of the country’s economic development, since they provide a qualitative increase in the efficiency of processes or end production demanded by the market. In this article, the innovation of processes, viz. the processes of logistic management of the production-economic organization is proposed. Innovations in logistics management, as a direction of logistics activity improvement provide the development of new tools (methods, criteria, indices) in methodological logistics’ groundwork, as well as improving the mechanism for the formation and functioning of micro- and macro-logistic systems. The aim of the research is to develop scientific and methodological recommendations for the application of logistics management innovations that involve designing the logistics system through the improvement of the enterprise’s organizational structure as an element of the economic macro environment. Logistic system designing approach is suggested, that anticipates an enterprise’s organizational structure formation under the process-matrix principle (unification of functional and process management approaches) and the establishment of the effective enterprise’s logistic service that plays the role of coordinator and integrator of its business-processes. Efficient organization structure formation, that provides logistics approach implementation in practical enterprises’ activity is grounded by authors. The result of the innovations in logistics management appliance is effective logistic system’s design, in which the coordinated material, informational and financial flows motion is carried out. In the result, it ensures efficient enterprise’s business-processes functioning and organic improvement of its organizational structure.
Optimization of Innovation Features in Mobile-Based Attendance Application
Authors: Katrilia Tiya , Anggoro P.W. , Sp. P.K. Dewa
Published: February 2022

Improved Human Resources Performance can be realized in the employee’s absence. The sophistication of technology to accommodate the absence is the use of a Mobile-Based Attendance Application. Attendance can be used to measure employee performance. One of the measuring tools in measuring performance is the Key Performance Indicator (KPI). KPI values can be obtained from the Mobile-based Attendance Application, as currently implemented by an IT Company. But in its development, there is a shortage on the application features of Daily Attendance, Leave, Report Recaps Attendance and Report Recaps Leave. The value engineering method with the Analytical Hierarchy Process is used in this paper to obtain prioritized alternatives in the development of application feature updates. The results of the research show that the alternative with the largest percentage is owned by Alternative IV (45.6%). These results indicate that this alternative can be used as a recommendation for renewal of attendance application features on IT Company. Alternative IV shows optimal results such as the realization of application feature requirements for users, consumption of fewer workdays for 1-2 days, low costs, easy-to-understand feature design, and uncomplicated programming techniques.
Assessment of Competitiveness of Confectionery Enterprises for the Needs of Ecological Management
Authors: Kupalova Halyna I. , Artyukh Tatyana M. , Bukharina Liudmyla M. , Goncharenkо Nataliia V. , Demіanenko Kateryna A.
Published: February 2022

The article deals of assessing the competitiveness of enterprises in the confectionery industry to improve information and analytical support of ecological management. A unified methodology for assessing the competitiveness of business entities in the context of ecological management has not yet been developed. The article proposes to assess the competitiveness of confectionery enterprises on the basis of an integral index. Its peculiarity is that, in addition to economic production, market characteristics, it also includes environmental ones, which reflect significant environmental aspects (air emissions and the formation of hazardous waste). Calculations were made and the results of the study were tested on the basis of the leading confectionery enterprises of Ukraine. This made it possible to identify among the studied set of enterprises leaders who improved economic results and strengthened their market positions by reducing anthropogenic impact on the environment, introducing ecological management and corporate social responsibility. Taking into account their successful experience will contribute to the improvement of the ecological management system at other enterprises of the confectionery industry.
Integrative Approach to Implementing Labor Productivity Projects in Large Industrial Companies Operating on the Territory of the Perm Krai of the Russian Federation
Authors: Popov Viktor , Alexandrova Tatyana , Gershanok Aleksandr , Borshchevskaya Elena
Published: February 2022

A purposeful growth in efficiency of large industrial companies largely depends on a balanced decision-making concerning the content, the cost, and the quality of corporate projects to increase business productivity. A traditional project management methodology does not allow improving all project’s parameters simultaneously. This leads to difficulties in implementing the developed measures and in providing the planned productivity growth. To search balanced decisions in labor productivity projects it is suggested to use an integrated approach, focused on a range of efficient instruments from allied management fields. It is recommended to integrate project management methodology with some instruments of strategic and innovative management, production systems development concepts LEAN, QRM and Agile, human resource and project portfolio management. A model of an integrated approach to labor productivity projects, which was developed and tested, is reasonable to use in large companies to develop hi-tech products and conduct organizational changes.
Key Directions in Changes from Steelworks 3.0 to Steelworks 4.0 with Analysis of Selected Technologies of Digitalizing the Steel Industry in Poland
Authors: Gajdzik Bożena
Published: February 2022

The publication is part of a new trend in popularizing Industry 4.0. The primary objective is to present the key directions in the transformation of the steel industry from steelworks 3.0 to steelworks 4.0. The work was based on a literature review and data analysis on steel 4.0 technologies. The analytical part of the thesis was prepared on the basis of the Polish steel sector (sections from the classification of economic activities: 24 and 25). On the basis of the literature study, a thesis was formulated about the need to digitize processes in enterprises heading for Industry 4.0. The application of selected technologies (ICT) in the Polish steel sector (percentage of companies using the analyzed technologies in the total number of enterprises in the sector) constitutes the scope of the research. Further research will be carried out in the area of digitization development in steel Industry toward steel 4.0.
Impact of Reservoir Heterogeneity on the Control of Water Encroachment into Gas-Condensate Reservoirs during CO2 Injection
Authors: Matkivskyi Serhii , Burachok Oleksandr
Published: February 2022

The paper evaluates application of CO2 injection for the control of water encroachment from the aquifer into gascondensate reservoir under active natural water drive. The results of numerical simulations indicated that injection of CO2 at the initial gas-water contact (GWC) level reduces the influx of water into gas-bearing zone and stabilizes the operation of production wells for a longer period. The optimum number of injection wells that leads to the maximum estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) factor was derived based on statistical analysis of the results. The maximum number of injection wells at the moment of CO2 break-through into production wells for homogeneous reservoir is equal to 6.41 (6) and for heterogeneous – 7.74 (8) wells. Study results indicated that with the increase of reservoir heterogeneity, denser injection well pattern is needed for the efficient blockage of aquifer water influx in comparison to homogeneous one with the same conditions. Gas EUR factor for the maximum number of injection wells in homogenous model is equal 64.05% and in heterogeneous – 55.56%. Base depletion case the EURs are 51.72% and 49.44%, respectively. The study results showed the technological efficiency of CO2 injection into the producing reservoir at initial GWC for the reduction of water influx and improvement of ultimate hydrocarbon recovery.
Vibration Diagnostics of Spiroid Gear
Authors: Nikitin Yury , Božek Pavol , Turygin Alexander
Published: February 2022

Spiroid gear is one of the progressive varieties of intersecting axis gears. It has a number of advantages: increased overlap coefficient, favourable contact conditions. Spiroid gears are notable for high loading and overloading ability, increased smooth running and less sensitivity to manufacturing and assembly errors, high reliability and durability. The analysis of the results of experiment on research of vibration of the spiroid gear PS-124 has shown, that the vibration level at frequency 200-300 Hz is reduced on 5 dB at increase of the resistance moment up to 1000 Nm at clockwise rotation of the reducer and at increase of the resistance moment up to 800 Nm at counterclockwise rotation of the reducer. The vibration level at frequency 700-800 Hz is also increased on 5 dB at increase of the resistance moment up to 1000 Nm at clockwise rotation of the reducer and at increase of the resistance moment up to 800 Nm. If these vibration levels are exceeded, a defect is likely to occur. Economic efficiency of application of diagnostics systems is caused by increase of reliability and quality, reduction of accidents, decrease in defects, reduction of idle time of expensive equipment, reduction of expenses for maintenance and repair.
An Application of the Negative Malmquist Model for Vietnamese Garment and Textiles Industry
Authors: Nguyen Thi Kim Lien , Nguyen Xuan-Huynh , Pham Hong V.
Published: February 2022

The study purpose is to measure the performance of the Vietnamese garment and textiles industry by means of the Negative Malmquist model using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. The empirical results presented the efficient, inefficient cases, and average efficiency for all garment and textile companies in Vietnam during from 2016 to 2020. The main findings determined that five companies, including HTG, TET, MSH, M10, and BDG possessed efficiency scores in whole terms. An overall picture of the garment and textiles industry in Vietnam is used to evaluate the operational process. The research recommends a feasible alternative method to deal with inefficient cases.
The Effect of Business Strategy on R&D Expenditure and Firm Performance – Evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Nga Tran Thi Thanh , Vy The Hoang , Pham Khanh Duy
Published: February 2022

This paper aims to investigate the effect of generic strategy on R&D spending and the impact of R&D spending on firms’ performance conditional on their strategic position. This empirical study uses accounting data of 597 listed Taiwanese firms in the manufacturing industry from 2013 to 2017. The data was obtained from Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ) database. The results indicate that firms that adopt a differentiation strategy have more R&D spending than companies with a cost leadership strategy. Furthermore, the authors find that R&D spending positively affects firms’ performance if they pursue a differentiation strategy. Meanwhile, the relationship between R&D spending and firm performance forms an inverted U-shape for those who adopt a cost leadership strategy. First, for firms adopting the differentiation strategy, the investment in R&D is critical because the more investment on R&D these firms spend, the better performance they will gain. Second, for firms with a cost-leadership strategy, R&D spending is also essential to improve efficiency. However, they should allocate the budgets wisely and reasonably, as controlling cost is the main focus of this strategy to keep their competitive advantages. This study examines the relationship between R&D spending, business strategy, and firm performance in Taiwan. Further, the study suggests that manufacturing firms in Taiwan allocate their resources wisely and efficiently according to their system.
Factors, Increasing the Efficiency of Work of Maintenance, Repair and Operation Units of Industrial Enterprises
Authors: Krynke Marek , Ivanova Tatiana N. , Revenko Nicolay F.
Published: February 2022

The article contains the analysis of factors influencing the efficiency of work of equipment maintenance, repair and operation (MRO) units of industrial enterprises. We have systematized various classifications of these factors, which were proposed in economic literature by different authors. We have divided the factors into following groups: general and local; primary and secondary; external and internal; major and non-essential; direct and oblique; reducing and boosting the expenses on equipment MRO and repair cost; production and non-production; depending on management and independent; economic, operation, organization ones; structural and production-technical ones; which are interconnected. It has been proposed to classify factors influencing the efficiency of equipment MRO units into five groups: economic, exploitation, organization, production-technical and structural ones. Using expert evaluation method, the factors have been divided into three groups according to degree of their influence on efficiency of work of equipment MRO units of industrial enterprises. The priority was given to the factors of the first group, having decisive influence on formation of efficiency. The most significant factors have been identified. In opinion of experts, these factors include: method of organization of work of equipment MRO service; level of economic autonomy of MRO enterprise in terms of organization of equipment MRO; financial and market situation of enterprise; the degree of repair complexity of production equipment.
A New Home Leads to Compositional Evolution: Roman Palester’s Preludes for Piano (1954)
Authors: Parham Blake
Published: February 2022

Roman Palester (1907–1989) was one of the most promising and well-known composers in Poland during the inter-war period. On more than one occasion he was compared to the father of Polish contemporary music, Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937).1 As one of Poland’s leading conductors Jan Krenz noted: “We met while working on the film Zakazane piosenki [Forbidden Songs]. I remember that Palester then came to Łódź in the halo of Szymanowski’s successor. People would say ‘this is the great Roman Palester’.”2 Yet at the height of his fame, in 1951, he chose to leave his homeland and take up residency in the “free” West; subsequently he was cut off from Poland and his previous success.

The 20th century was a time of great cultural, political, and artistic change in Europe with a considerable number of divergent views about what constituted ‘good’ music. Terms such as modernism, nationalism, neo-classicism, socialist realism, serialism and atonality were all used regularly when discussing music and art. There ceased to be a clear or uniform musical style in Europe. Instead a cultural polarisation emerged caused in large part by the division of the world into East and West during the Cold War. How did Palester, a Polish émigré, now residing in the West, effectively a composer in exile, adapt to these circumstances? What connection did his music have with avant- -garde trends, anti-communist sentiments, traditional aesthetics, serialism, etc.? Was Palester’s compositional voice affected by his defection?

In order to determine what Palester’s post-defection compositional voice was and how it may have interreacted with events around him, this paper will examine one of Palester’s pivotal compositions, Preludes for Piano (1954). These Preludes are a significant work in Palester’s compositional output as they show a distinct shift towards a more comprehensive use of twelve-tone techniques. These techniques are employed in a variety of different ways and are often coupled with other techniques in order to create a style which is uniquely suited to Palester’s compositional desires.