bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A RELIABLE RP-UPLC-TUV METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN, AMOXICILLIN, AND VONOPRAZAN IN CO-PACKED PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS: METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION WITH STABILITY INDICATING PROPERTIES
Authors: ANUSHA K. , SOWJANYA G.
Published: March 2024

Objective: The study aims to develop a reliable RP-UPLC-TUV method for simultaneous estimation of Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan in bulk and combined dosage.
Methods: A simple, specific, and reliable method for determining Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan has been developed using the RP-UPLC method. In order to successfully separate Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan, 1.0 µl of a 100 % level solution was injected into a Hibar C18 (100 x 2.1 mm and 2 µm) column. The mobile phase consisted of Ammonium Acetate and Acetonitrile in equal volumes, and the flow rate was kept at 0.3 ml/min while the detection wavelength was set to 210 nm. Both the column and the injection port were kept at a temperature of 30 °C at all times.
Results: The retention time (RT) of Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan was observed at 1.24 min, 0.97 min and 1.66 min, correspondingly with accepted system suitability. The linear responses were observed for Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan in the range of 25 to 150 µg/ml, 25 to 150 µg/ml and 1 to 6 µg/ml, respectively. The LOD and LOQ values were calculated to 0.07 µg/ml and 0.22 µg/ml for Clarithromycin, 0.81 µg/ml and 2.45 µg/ml for Amoxicillin and 0.03 µg/ml and 0.09 µg/ml for Vonoprazan. The % RSD values of both precision were assessed in the range of 0.8-1.4. The mean recovery of Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan was in the range of 99.66 %-100.88 %. The statistical analysis of the validation parameters confirmed that the approach was reliable in terms of its accuracy, sensitivity, and precision while also exhibiting a high degree of sensitivity. The study of analytes in a variety of stressful situations guarantees the stability of the substances, ensuring that they represent the method's stability indication.
Conclusion: The newly established technique is quite effective in separating Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Vonoprazan from one another. Also separated with excellent resolution were the degradation products that were formed as a result of the stress conditions. The study concluded that the developed method has considerable adoption in the pharmaceutical sector.
Intersecciones entre medicina y literatura: El hijo del Estado, de Hilarión Frías y Soto
Authors: Zavala Díaz Ana Laura
Published: March 2024

Los vínculos entre literatura y prensa han sido analizados profusamente por la historiografía de las letras mexicanas decimonónicas. La colaboración de los escritores en la construcción de la nación otorgó a la prensa una importancia fundamental, en tanto principal mecanismo de divulgación de sus proyectos creadores de carácter nacionalista. Integrantes de otros campos, como el médico, emplearon narrativas ficcionalizantes de índole similar no sólo para transmitir nociones generales de sus saberes, sino también para contribuir a la formación de ciudadanos, encorsetando sus cuerpos mediante discursos disciplinantes. En este cruce entre medicina y literatura, el presente artículo se propone analizar la novela El hijo del Estado (1882) del escritor y médico Hilarión Frías y Soto como artefacto literario que –inscrito en las columnas del periódico El Diario del Hogar– contribuyó a la divulgación tanto de nociones clínicas como moralizantes, enfocadas sobre todo en los cuerpos femeninos.
En torno a Revista de España (1868-1895): debates sobre un nuevo ideario literario en la España de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Sánchez Martínez Andrés
Published: March 2024

En este acercamiento a Revista de España (1868-1895) primero se repasa su origen y relevancia histórica, para comentar aspectos sobre su materialidad y morfología, y recalar finalmente en sus secciones literarias. A lo largo de una andadura de casi 30 años, esta publicación fundada por José Luis Albareda llegó a reunir en su eclecticismo a grandes figuras de la cultura y la política de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Bajo su enseña de imparcialidad y enciclopedismo, congregó a escritores como Juan Valera, Benito Pérez Galdós o Emilia Pardo Bazán. Todos ellos, a través de sus poéticas, novelas y textos de crítica literaria, mostraron en la revista la codificación y algunas polémicas sobre el paradigma realista en España, cuyo final coincidió con la desaparición de la publicación en los últimos años de la centuria.
Heat Transfer Performance Analysis of an E-Vehicle Cooling System Using a Hybrid Peltier System
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Saxena Dr. Gaurav , Kakoriya Balram , Singh Arvind Kumar
Published: March 2024

Abstract: This research investigates the heat transfer performance of an electric vehicle (EV) cooling system utilising a hybrid Peltier as integrated system with advancements in EV battery technology, the demand for efficient cooling systems has become crucial for ensuring battery safety, longevity, and overall performance. Present research focus on the application of ethylene glycol as a coolant, exploring the thermal parameters, heat transfer rates, and overall effectiveness of the hybrid cooling system. A literature review highlights the significance of heat transfer enhancement techniques, emphasising the need for energyefficient methods in the automotive industry. The research methodology involves experimental work, analytical calculations, and the preparation of coolant samples to evaluate thermo-physical parameters. The results demonstrate the temperature drop, Overall heat transfer for different flow rates, Logarithmic Mean Temperature difference, and Comparative Power Consumption of different setup. The result showed that presence of ethylene glycol in water enhances the desirable temperature drop of the heat transfer fluid. The Overall heat transfer rate is increased by 58% for EG-100 sample as compared to pure water. Further an ANN model is also developed for prediction of temperature drop, the result showed 2 layer model with 8, 8 neurons as optimum model for prediction.
Enhancing Dairy Production through Virtual Reality: A Comparative Study of Milk Quality and Quantity in Open and Closed Environments
Authors: Choudhary Gokul
Published: March 2024

Abstract: In dairy production, understanding the factors influencing the milk production is crucial for enhancing productivity and ensuring quality. The research revolves around the concept of usage of Virtual Reality (VR) Technology for stimulating milk extraction by contrasting the result of Open and Close cow farming in India. A comparative analysis was conducted on milk quality and quantity between Open and Close cows, with a focus on the impact of pre and post production VR exposure on Close cow farms. This study comprises a summation of (no of cows) samples gathered from diverse geographical areas engulfing both (Open and Closed) settings. The study exhibits the effectiveness of VR bridging the gap between Close and Open environments. Findings suggest that VR has the potential to harmonize the milk production environment and enhance overall production.The dairy milk production is based on changing environment and geographical area
16-Bit Carry Look-Ahead Adder: Design and Layout with Cadence Tools Top of Form
Authors: Gupta Chirag
Published: March 2024

Abstract: The development of highly organised architecture is the primary goal of the current communication world in order to achieve high speed computation with low power consumption. The Carry Look Ahead Adder is highly efficient due to its ability to reduce the propagation time of carry bits, resulting in time savings. The implementation of a 16-Bit Carry Look Ahead Adder using the Cadence tool is carried out in our project. Logical equations for carry generation (G) and carry propagation (P) are used to create the carry and sum for the 1-bit adder. Then, using the Virtuoso schematic editor, a single bit carry is developed. After that, a fresh cell view for the carry block is made and supplied as an input for adder implementations. Next, the bit rate is increased to 4 bits. Using this 4 bit adder, 8/16 bit adder is implemented using Cadence tool. It is necessary to have a basic understanding of IC design guidelines and fabrication procedures in order to produce the layout. Within the electronic VLSI design system, the layout will go through a Design Rule Check to find any breaches
Evaluación de las propiedades hidro-litológicas de las unidades geológicas y depósitos sedimentarios, al sureste del municipio de Villanueva- La Guajira (Colombia), para la determinación del potencial acuífero
Authors: Anteliz-Galán Yuleineth Giseth , Holguín-Duran José Valdemar , Mercado-Zabaleta Diana Carolina , Rojas-Martinez Elías Ernesto , Manco-Jaraba Dino Carmelo
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación se enfoca a la evaluación del potencial acuífero de las unidades geológicas y depósitos sedimentarios aflorantes al sureste del municipio de Villanueva, La Guajira, a partir de  ensayos de  porosidad por método gravimétrico y permeabilidad al gas, permitiendo la determinación de la baja capacidad de las rocas tipo packstone del Grupo Cogollo y limolita de la Formación La Quinta para captar y transmitir agua; además, se realizaron ensayos de permeabilidad al líquido y porosidad por método gravimétrico a los sedimentos Cuaternarios determinándose un  coeficiente de permeabilidad moderado a alto apoyado con análisis de granulometría para su clasificación como sedimentos areno-gravosos, asimismo, se implementó el método de Lefranc en seis puntos escogidos de manera aleatoria arrojando un coeficiente de permeabilidad alto.
Las unidades litológicas encontradas en el área se encuentran afectadas por estructuras de carácter regional, como el Sinclinal El Espíritu que constituye una estructura potencial para almacenamiento y transmisión de agua; la Formación La Quinta es afectada por la falla Cerrejón que actúa como barreras limitantes de posibles acuíferos en la zona. Se infiere que el Grupo Cogollo tiene potencial de acuífero por porosidad secundaria al encontrarse altamente fracturada y presentar estructuras de microporosidad por disolución y karstificación, los depósitos Cuaternario exhiben coeficientes de permeabilidad de moderados a alto, mientras que la Formación La Quinta no muestra potencial de acuífero promisorio debido a su compactación, silicificación y bajo coeficiente de permeabilidad.
Lineamientos de gestión humana a través de una aplicación informática para fortalecer el desempeño de los colaboradores en el Frigorífico Chiquinquirá S.A.
Authors: Angarita-López Jhonn Jairo , García-Mogollón Javier Mauricio , Garcia-Mogollón Ana Milena
Published: March 2024

La globalización es un fenómeno que ha tenido un impacto significativo en la sociedad, permitiendo la colaboración a nivel mundial para alcanzar logros sin precedentes en diversas disciplinas, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida. Sin embargo, esta interconexión ha llevado a un aumento en la competencia empresarial a nivel internacional, lo que ha provocado un cambio en las prioridades corporativas, reconociendo al personal como el activo más importante de una organización. El caso del Frigorífico Chiquinquirá S.A.S. en Boyacá, Colombia, ilustra esta dinámica. A pesar de contar con una infraestructura moderna y personal capacitado, se encuentra rezagada en términos de tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC), lo que sugiere un potencial de optimización en los procesos. Para abordar este desafío, se propone la implementación de un modelo de gestión por competencias, con el objetivo de aprovechar el talento existente y reducir los obstáculos al crecimiento de la empresa. A través de un estudio descriptivo con participación del 10 colaboradores del área administrativa y 16 del área operativa, se evaluó el modelo de gestión vigente. Los resultados mostraron un alto nivel de conformidad con las medidas tomadas en recursos humanos, pero se identificó que el modelo no es escalable para un equipo más grande, lo que representa un obstáculo al crecimiento empresarial. La propuesta fue implementada utilizando Microsoft Excel como interfaz de operación y recibió una respuesta mayormente positiva por parte del personal. Sin embargo, se señalaron problemas relacionados con la navegación y pertinencia del contenido, lo que sugiere la necesidad de adaptar la propuesta al contexto y experiencia del equipo de trabajo.
Hydrochemical evolution and hydrological zoning characteristics of a shallow groundwater system in Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain
Authors: Guo Jiao , Guo Xiaojiao , Tang Wei , Shi Jiansheng , Jiang Guanghui , Wang Huiwei , Liu Wen , Miao Ying
Published: March 2024

A comprehensive understanding of the hydrochemical evolution and spatial
patterns of shallow groundwater systems is essential for water resource
management and wetland ecological restoration. The Baiyangdian Wetland
is one of the most concerning areas because of the development of the
Xiong’an New Area. The spatial characteristics of groundwater
hydrochemistry and potential controlling factors associated with
hydrochemical evolution remain unclear. In this study, hydrogeochemistry
together with the hierarchical cluster analysis were used to elucidate
the hydrochemical processes and hydrological zoning patterns of shallow
groundwater systems in the Baiyangdian Wetland, North China Plain. The
results showed that hydrochemical compositions of shallow groundwater
had considerable spatial variations, which was closely related to the
inflow rivers hydrochemistry and the dynamics of groundwater–surface
water interactions. A significant increase in SO concentration occurring at the cone of the
depression was related to extensive pumping caused by anthropogenic
activities. Anthropogenic activities were also a major factor
controlling the spatial distribution patterns of shallow groundwater
hydrochemistry. Ca , Mg , and SO
in the wetland and shallow
groundwater were primarily derived from carbonate and gypsum
dissolution, while Na and Cl
originated from halite and silicate dissolution. Rock weathering
predominated the geochemical evolution of shallow groundwater in
conjunction with carbonate precipitation and cation exchange. The
hydrochemistry of the shallow groundwater system presented distinct
spatial zonation patterns that were classified into four clusters
corresponding to seven subzones. In Zones Ⅰ–Ⅳ, water-rock interaction
was the dominant factor controlling shallow groundwater chemistry, which
was driven by the positive groundwater–surface water exchange. The
coupled effects of anthropogenic activities and river infiltration and
mixing caused the high levels of dissolved components in Zones Ⅴ–Ⅶ.
This study provides deeper insight into the water cycle and hydraulic
connections among different bodies, and will benefit the rational
evaluation of hydrochemical evolution and wetland ecological restoration
in the Baiyangdian Wetland.
A Novel “Nano-bomb” Consisting of the Real Explosive RDX and Gold Nanorods for Destroying Cell-like Microcapsules
Authors: Liu Liu , Huang Bing , Li Hua , Feng Changgen , Zhou Young
Published: March 2024

In the ongoing pursuit of innovative therapeutic solutions of cancers,
we proposed a novel strategy of “nano-bombs”, which combines the
character of real explosive hexogen (RDX) and the superior photothermal
conversion efficiency of gold nanorods (GNRs), for achieving
cellular-level destruction. The electrospray technique was used to
fabricate nanoscale RDX/GNRs bombs, yielding quasi-spherical 200-500 nm
particles with optical absorbance at 835 nm. A near-infrared
femto-second laser with a lower fluence activated nano-bombs and
destroyed the cell-simulating microcapsules, without significant
temperature rise. The underlying mechanism in-volves that GNRs localize
the laser energy to form the hotspot necessary for RDX thermal
explosion, leading to the microbubble formation of gas products and
subsequently collapse that yield mechanical damage. This approach is
distinct from conventional photo-thermal and photoacoustic methods, and
might possess additional therapeutic benefits from the gaseous products.
This work not only illuminates fresh insights on photoacoustic therapy,
but also broadens the application scope of energetic materials.
High quality diet enhances immune response during viral infection in an insect herbivore.
Authors: Yoon Su'ad , So Kevin , Harrison Josh , Urie Katherine , Gompert Zachariah , Miura Pedro , Smilanich Angela M , Forister Matthew , Chaturvedi Samridhi
Published: March 2024

Insect immune response plays a crucial role in how external threats
influence overall fitness through life history traits. An understudied
question is how the use of different host plants might affect the
ability of herbivorous insects to resist viral pathogens. The Melissa
blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa) has colonized the exotic legume
Medicago sativa as a larval host within the past 200 years. Here we
investigate how novel host plant use affects the immune response of L.
melissa when infected with the lepidopteran virus, Junonia coenia
densovirus (JcDV). We measured immune strength in response to JcDV in
two ways: 1) direct measurement of phenoloxidase activity and
melanization, and 2) transcriptional sequencing of individuals exposed
to different viral and host plant treatments. Viral infection caused
total phenoloxidase (total PO) to increase. We detected an interaction
between viral infection and host plant for total PO: for control larvae,
host plant use had no effect on total PO, whereas for infected larvae,
total PO was significantly higher for larvae consuming the native host.
Within the exotic host plant treatment, few genes were differentially
regulated due to viral infection. Approximately two times more genes
were differentially regulated in response to infection for larvae eating
the native or exotic host, with differential expression of few putative
immune genes. These results demonstrate that consumption of a novel host
plant can alter both physiological and transcriptional responses to
infection, emphasizing the importance of understanding diet when
studying the molecular basis of immune function.
Hybrid Convergent Procedure with Proactive Esophageal Cooling for the Treatment of Long-Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Zagrodzky William , Velasco Alejandro , Buch Chirag , Hui Dawn , Joseph Christopher , Onsager David , Kulstad Erik , Nayak Hemal M.
Published: March 2024

The hybrid Convergent procedure is approved to treat symptomatic
patients with long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite
direct visualization during surgical ablation as well as the use of
luminal esophageal temperature (LET) monitoring, esophageal injury is
still possible. A dedicated device for proactive esophageal cooling has
recently been cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to
reduce the likelihood of ablation-related esophageal injury resulting
from radiofrequency cardiac ablation procedures. In this report, we
describe the first uses of proactive esophageal cooling for esophageal
protection during the epicardial ablation portion of hybrid convergent
procedures.
Commensal microbiome and gastrointestinal mucosal immunity: harmony and conflict with our closest neighbor
Authors: Wang Tingting , Tian Kexin , Lan Junzhe , Jing Dehong , Lv Mingming
Published: March 2024

The intestinal mucosal immune system is a specialized immune system that
interacts closely with commensal microorganisms. The intestinal mucosal
tissues are characterized by the way they generate immune responses to
pathogens. The symbiotic flora in turn regulates the host’s mucosal
immunity, maintaining a dynamic balance. The disruption of the
equilibrium between the two can result in intestinal disorders. This
paper summarises in depth the relationships between the two and serves
as a resource for future research.
Emerging impacts of enhanced Greenland melting on Labrador Sea dynamics
Authors: Schiller-Weiss Ilana , Martin Torge , Schwarzkopf Franziska U.
Published: March 2024

Freshwater input from Greenland ice sheet melt has been increasing in
the past decades from warming temperatures. To identify the impacts from
enhanced meltwater input into the subpolar North Atlantic from
1997–2021, we use output from two nearly identical simulations in the
eddy-rich model VIKING20X (1/20°) only differing in the freshwater input
from Greenland: one with realistic interannually varying runoff
increasing in the early 2000s and the other with climatologically
(1961–2000) continued runoff. The majority of the additional freshwater
remains within the boundary current enhancing the density gradient
towards the warm and salty interior waters yielding increased current
velocities. The accelerated boundary current shows a tendency towards
eddy shedding into the Labrador Sea interior. Further, the experiments
allow to attribute higher stratification and shallower mixed layers
southwest of Greenland and deeper mixed layers in the Irminger Sea,
particularly in 2015–2018, to the runoff increase in the early 2000s.
Nutrient Replenishment by Turbulent Mixing in Suspended Macroalgal Farms
Authors: Bo Tong , McWilliams James C. , Frieder Christina A. , Davis Kristen A. , Chamecki Marcelo
Published: March 2024

This study uses large eddy simulations to investigate nutrient transport
and uptake in suspended macroalgal farms. Various farm configurations
and oceanic forcing conditions are examined, with the farm base located
near the nutricline depth. We introduce the Damkohler number Da to
quantify the balance between nutrient consumption by macroalgae uptake
and supply by farm-enhanced nutrient transport. Most cases exhibit
Da<1, indicating that farm-generated turbulence sufficiently
contributes to upward nutrient fluxes, supporting macroalgae growth.
High Da and starvation may occur in fully grown farm blocks, a
configuration that generates weakest turbulence, particularly when
combined with densely planted macroalgae or under weak flow conditions.
Flow stagnation within the farm due to macroalgae drag may constrain the
uptake efficiency and further increase the starvation risk. Mitigation
strategies involve timely harvesting, avoiding dense macroalgae
canopies, and selecting farm locations with robust ocean currents and
waves. This study provides insights for sustainable macroalgal farm
planning.
Actions of R-module groupoids
Authors: Özcan Abdullah , İçen İlhan
Published: March 2024

Let R be a ring, 1R be the identity of ring R and N be an R-module on R. In
this work, we are going to give a new definition that it is called an action
of R-module groupoids. First, we are going to give the definition of the
action of the R-module groupoids on the R-module N. Then we obtained a new
category RMGpdOp(?) of actions of ? on R-modules. We also find that there is
a groupoid ? ?? N on N. ? ?? N is called action R-module groupoid. Finally,
we prove that the category RMGpdOp(?) of actions of R-module groupoids is
equivalent to RMGpdCov(?) of coverings of R-module groupoids.
Multiple solutions for nonlinear generalized-Kirchhoff type potential systems in unbounded domains
Authors: Chems Eddine , Ouannasser Anass
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider a class of quasilinear stationary Kirchhoff type
potential systems in unbounded domains, which involves a general variable
exponent elliptic operator. Under some suitable conditions on the
nonlinearities, we establish existence of at least three weak solutions for
the problem. The proof of our main result uses variational methods and the
critical theorem of Bonanno and Marano.
AISI 4340 Çeliğinin Isı Destekli Tornalanmasının Boyutsal Kararlılık ve Yüzey Pürüzlülüğüne Etkilerinin Deneysel ve İstatistiksel İncelenmesi
Authors: Uğraş Atakan , Kafkas Fırat
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmada iş malzemesinin boyutsal kararlılık özelliklerini ve yüzey kalitesini iyileştirmek için ısı destekli işleme (IDİ) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çevrimiçi ölçümler yapılarak kesme için harcanan güç (Pc, kW) ve iş malzemesi sıcaklığı (Tmr, °C) belirlenmiştir. Çevrimdışı ölçümlerde iş parçası çapı ölçülerek çap ölçüsündeki sapma (ÇÖS, µm) değeri belirlenmiş ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Ra, µm) ölçülmüştür. IDİ yönteminde kesme için harcanan güç (Pc) değerinde maksimum %14,43 azalma sağlanmıştır. Aynı kesme şartlarında ÇÖS değeri konvansiyonel işlemede 80 µm olarak gerçekleşirken, IDİ yönteminde 50 µm’ a düşmektedir. Yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Ra, µm) konvansiyonel işlemede 2,66 µm olarak gerçekleşirken, IDİ yönteminde 2,42 µm’ a düşmektedir. İstatistiksel analiz sonuçlarına göre ÇÖS ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerinde en etkili işlem parametresi ilerleme oranı (f) olmuştur. Ancak IDİ yönteminin her ikisi üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ön ısıtma, kesme ile eş zamanlı yapılamadığı için üretilen ısı iş malzemesi hacminde genleşmeye neden olmaktadır. Bu durum TIG esaslı IDİ yöntemini kullanarak hassas boyutsal toleranslara sahip parçaların işlenmesini zorlaştırır.
Accidental substance-related acute toxicity deaths among youth in Canada: a descriptive analysis of a national chart review study of coroner and medical examiner data
Authors: Chang Grace Yi-Shin , VanSteelandt Amanda , McKenzie Katherine , Kouyoumdjian Fiona
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Substance-related acute toxicity deaths (ATDs) are a public health crisis in Canada. Youth are often at higher risk for substance use due to social, environmental and structural factors. The objectives of this study were to understand the characteristics of youth (aged 12–24 years) dying of accidental acute toxicity in Canada and examine the substances contributing to and circumstances surrounding youth ATDs.

Methods

Data from a national chart review study of coroner and medical examiner data on ATDs that occurred in Canada between 2016 and 2017 were used to conduct descriptive analyses with proportions, mortality rates and proportionate mortality rates. Where possible, youth in the chart review study were compared with youth in the general population and youth who died of all causes, using census data.

Results

Of the 732 youth who died of accidental acute toxicity in 2016–2017, most (94%) were aged 18 to 24 years. Youth aged 20 to 24 who were unemployed, unhoused or living in collective housing were overrepresented among accidental ATDs. Many of the youth aged 12 to 24 who died of accidental acute toxicity had a documented history of substance use. Fentanyl, cocaine and methamphetamine were the most common substances contributing to death, and 38% of the deaths were witnessed or potentially witnessed.

Conclusion

The findings of this study point to the need for early prevention and harm reduction strategies and programs that address mental health, exposure to trauma, unemployment and housing instability to reduce the harms of substance use on Canadian youth.
COVID-19 among Black people in Canada: a scoping review
Authors: Olanlesi-Aliu Adedoyin , Kemei Janet , Alaazi Dominic , Tunde-Byass Modupe , Renzaho Andre , Sekyi-Out Ato , Mullings Delores V , Osei-Tutu Kannin , Salami Bukola
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health inequities worldwide. Research conducted in Canada shows that Black populations were disproportionately exposed to COVID-19 and more likely than other ethnoracial groups to be infected and hospitalized. This scoping review sought to map out the nature and extent of current research on COVID-19 among Black people in Canada.

Methods

Following a five-stage methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews, studies exploring the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Black people in Canada, published up to May 2023, were retrieved through a systematic search of seven databases. Of 457 identified records, 124 duplicates and 279 additional records were excluded after title and abstract screening. Of the remaining 54 articles, 39 were excluded after full-text screening; 2 articles were manually picked from the reference lists of the included articles. In total, 17 articles were included in this review.

Results

Our review found higher rates of COVID-19 infections and lower rates of COVID-19 screening and vaccine uptake among Black Canadians due to pre-COVID-19 experiences of institutional and structural racism, health inequities and a mistrust of health care professionals that further impeded access to health care. Misinformation about COVID-19 exacerbated mental health issues among Black Canadians.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest the need to address social inequities experienced by Black Canadians, particularly those related to unequal access to employment and health care. Collecting race-based data on COVID-19 could inform policy formulation to address racial discrimination in access to health care, quality housing and employment, resolve inequities and improve the health and well-being of Black people in Canada.
La responsabilidad social empresarial en el contexto de la legislación en Ecuador
Authors: Ponce Iturralde Willian Marcelo , Cevallos Bravo Marco Vinicio
Published: March 2024

Esta contribución científica tiene como objetivo evaluar el estado de conocimiento y aplicación de la legislación sobre la responsabilidad social empresarial en el Ecuador y comprender los beneficios para promoverla y aplicarla. El estudio da inicio con la certeza de los factores intervinientes para luego exponer soluciones planteadas desde diferentes sectores. Esta investigación corresponde a un enfoque cualitativo, diseño descriptivo documental basado en la recopilación y análisis bibliográfico. Los principales resultados de esta investigación demuestran que en los últimos 20 años la comunidad científica internacional ha mostrado un gran interés en la temática investigativa de la responsabilidad social empresaria. Las principales contribuciones científicas publicadas en la base de datos Scopus son de tipo artículo científico y capítulos de libros. Los países que más publicaciones proyectan son Estados Unidos de América, Reino Unido y China. Las revistas científicas que mayor socialización ofrecen a las investigaciones en el área de la responsabilidad empresarial son Journal of Business Ethics, Sustainability Switzerland y Corporate Social Responsibility And Environmental Management, entre otras. Por otra parte, se demuestra que la mayor parte de las empresas ecuatorianas desconocen la legislación de la responsabilidad social para un desarrollo sustentable, por lo que es importante socializar los beneficios y educar a la ciudadanía para que mejore su cumplimiento, pues a la vez que se genera crecimiento económico se puede mejorar las condiciones sociales de los involucrados.
Lo scavo dell’altare del tempio D (saggio 6)
Authors: Sarcone Germano , Guerini Giulietta
Published: March 2024

Il presente lavoro presenta i risultati delle indagini archeologiche condotte nel 2022 presso l'altare del Tempio D. Le attività di scavo si sono concentrate nell'area in cui era situata la mensa dell'altare. Gli strati hanno restituito manufatti di epoca arcaica e classica, tra cui offerte votive frammentarie come vasi in ceramica e statuette in terracotta. Le indagini stratigrafiche hanno permesso, da un lato, di comprendere meglio le tecniche di costruzione dell'altare di epoca classica e, dall'altro, di identificare un precedente uso religioso dell'area durante il periodo arcaico.
La terrazza inferiore del complesso monumentale del vallone orientale (SAS 3/30). La campagna di scavo 2022: nuovi dati e problemi aperti
Authors: Michelini Chiara , Parra Maria Cecilia
Published: March 2024

Si presentano i risultati degli scavi 2022 nella  terrazza inferiore del Thesmophorion urbano. Le indagini sono state condotte sia nell'area  destinata alle offerte votive di età proto-ellenistica, sia in quella limitrofa destinata alle  attività di preparazione e consumo dei pasti. Lo scavo è proseguito anche presso la ‘vasca’  maggiore (cfr. NotScASNP 2022, per una piccola vasca circolare), in attesa di un intervento  volto a definire la natura del riempimento. È stata verificata anche la presenza di fasi  precedenti di utilizzo di questa terrazza, ma è ancora difficile dire se siano riferibili a un uso  sacro o residenziale. I nuovi dati indicano comunque con forza che il complesso  monumentale si delinea sempre più come un santuario urbano di divinità ctonie, caratterizzato da espressioni rituali ben diverse da quelle note per il Thesmophorion suburbano di Contrada Petraro.
PENGEMBANGAN ICE BREAKING UNTUK HAFALAN MUFRODAT DI MADRASAH DINIYAH
Authors: Rois Fatqu
Published: March 2024

Tujuan dilakukannya kajian ini yakni cara mengaplikasikan serta dampak Ice breaking terhadap hafalan santri madin Tunggul desa Kersoharjo Kec. Geneng Kab. Ngawi. Metode kajian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif model deskriptif. Adapun hasilnya adalah santri lebih antusias dalam menjawab quiz serta mengerjakan soal baik secara lisan ataupun tulis tentang mufrodat. Ice breaking yang digunakan guru pada proses pembelajaran memberikan porsi sedikit pada kemampuan kintestik santri dan lebih dominan pada kemampuan visual-auditory. Dampak yang dihasilkan dari penggunaan ice breaking tepat sasaran yakni membuat pembelajaran menyenangkan, para santri konsentrasinya meningkat untuk mengikuti proses pembelajaran mufrodat dan menghafalkannya.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri
Authors: Anggita  , Ubadah  , Atna Akhiryani
Published: March 2024

This research highlights the challenges in Arabic language learning at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 3 Palu City, especially the lack of learner involvement and their difficulty in linking learning materials with daily life. To overcome these problems, the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning model is expected to build learners' engagement, to connect learning materials with real contexts, and to motivate learners in developing Arabic language skills. This research uses a qualitative method which aims to find out how the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model in Arabic language learning and what are the inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model in Arabic language learning which focuses on class VIII A at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 3 Palu City. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the learning model had a positive impact with several supporting factors such as good relationships between teachers and students, high teacher interest in interactive learning, and active participation of students. However, constraints such as the lack of facilities and technology, as well as the disparity of learners' Arabic language ability, also affect the learning process.
Designing a smart city sustainability assessment information system based on the adapted SULPiTER methodology
Authors: Zhameshova Aishakhanym , Sadykova Gulnara , Alimzhanov Yermek , Gorodnichev Maxim , Mansurova Aigerim , Nugumanova Aliya , Perepelkin Vladislav , Lebedev Danil
Published: March 2024

Increasing number of smart cities, the rise of technology and urban population engagement in urban management, and the scarcity of open data for evaluating sustainable urban development determines the necessity of developing new sustainability assessment approaches. This study uses passive crowdsourcing together with the adapted SULPiTER (Sustainable Urban Logistics Planning to Enhance Regional freight transport) methodology to assess the sustainable development of smart cities. The proposed methodology considers economic, environmental, social, transport, communication factors and residents’ satisfaction with the urban environment. The SULPiTER relies on experts in selection of relevant factors and determining their contribution to the value of a sustainability indicator. We propose an alternative approach based on automated data gathering and processing. To implement it, we build an information service around a formal knowledge base that accumulates alternative workflows for estimation of indicators and allows for automatic comparison of alternatives and aggregation of their results. A system architecture was proposed and implemented with the Astana Opinion Mining service as its part that can be adjusted to collect opinions in various impact areas. The findings hold value for early identification of problems, and increasing planning and policies efficiency in sustainable urban development.
ENSEÑANZA DEL ESPAÑOL ENFOCADA AL SECTOR HOSTELERO EN LOS ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES MARROQUÍES
Authors: Hassna Karim
Published: March 2024

En este artículo conoceremos los objetivosceñidos a la hora de dar clase de español con fines específicos, así como, la metodología usada en la enseñanza del español particularmente el español hotelero en la enseñanza superior marroquí. También trataremos la importancia de la traducción en el aula ELE y su impacto sobre el aprendizaje de nuestro alumnado.
Noncontact infrared thermometer measurements offer a reasonable alternative to rectal temperature measurement in afebrile horses
Authors: Zobrist Chelsea N. , Bishop Rebecca C. , McCoy Annette M.
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To assess the repeatability of infrared thermometer temperature readings and evaluate the correlation between digital rectal temperature and infrared thermometer temperatures taken at different locations in healthy afebrile horses.

ANIMALS

101 afebrile horses ≥ 1 year old.

METHODS

Digital rectal temperatures and infrared temperatures from the eye, gingiva, neck, axilla, and perineum were obtained in a climate-controlled environment and at 2 outdoor ambient temperatures (study period, November 1, 2021, to April 30, 2023).

RESULTS

Infrared temperature measurements were well tolerated by horses, including those resistant to rectal temperature. There was significant correlation between rectal temperature and infrared temperature taken at the perineum (R = 0.57; P < .001) and eye (R = 0.37; P < .001). Infrared temperature measurements were highly repeatable, allowing for calculation of reference ranges for the perineum (36.0 to 37.8 °C) and eye (35.7 to 37.1 °C) in climate-controlled conditions. There was increased variance in outside temperatures compared to climate-controlled conditions for the eye (P = .002), gingiva (P = .047), and perineum (P = .005).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

While infrared thermometer temperatures were not numerically the same as rectal temperature using a digital thermometer, measurements at the perineum and eye were correlated with rectal temperature readings. Further, the repeatability of infrared readings allows for computation of reference ranges that make the infrared thermometer a viable alternative for the practicing veterinarian when obtaining a temperature in uncooperative horses. The infrared thermometer was reliable outdoors for the eye, but not the perineum. Additional validation of infrared temperature reference ranges in febrile horses and warmer ambient temperatures is warranted.
Diagnosis and outcome of odontogenic abscesses in client-owned rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus): 72 cases (2011–2022)
Authors: Levy Ivana , Mans Christoph
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE

To characterize the epidemiologic features of rabbits with odontogenic abscesses.

ANIMALS

72 client-owned rabbits.

METHODS

The medical record database of a veterinary teaching hospital was searched to identify rabbits with odontogenic abscesses characterized by a palpable facial mass and confirmed via CT scan. Data reviewed included age, breed, presenting complaint, abscess location, bacterial culture results, treatment, and outcome.

RESULTS

Lop-eared rabbits were the most common breeds affected (20/72 [28%]), and mini lop rabbits were significantly overrepresented. The mandibular quadrants were more frequently affected (65/92 [71%]), and osteomyelitis was a common comorbidity on CT (53/72 [74%]). The most common aerobic and anaerobic isolates were Streptococcus spp (17/40 [43%]) and Fusobacterium spp (10/22 [45%]), respectively. Systemic antibiotic therapy alone was performed in 35 of 62 (56%) treated cases, with documented resolution in 25%. Abscess packing with antibiotic-soaked gauze in conjunction with systemic antibiotic therapy was performed in 20 of 62 (32%) treated cases. Resolution of the odontogenic abscesses with this treatment protocol was documented in 17 of 20 (85%) cases. The number of packing procedures used to obtain resolution of infection was 4 (IQR, 3 to 5).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

A combination of the abscess-packing technique, which avoids extensive surgery and extraction of the involved elodont teeth, with systemic antibiotic therapy can be an effective treatment option for rabbits with palpable odontogenic abscesses and can result in a high cure rate comparable to more invasive surgical treatments. Antibiotic treatment alone is not recommended, as it has a low chance of abscess resolution.
Assessment of The Efficiency of The Territorial Administrative Reorganization of The Parishes of The District of Braga
Authors: Meneses Nuno Filipe da Silva , Santos Paula Gomes dos , Pinho Carlos Santos
Published: March 2024

Purpose:  The objective of this study was to identify whether the reorganization of parishes carried out in Portugal, in the District of Braga, in 2013, is the one that enhances the greatest efficiency gains.
 
Theoretical framework: The study is based on the relationship between financial sustainability, efficiency, and territory, seeking the optimal dimension of the local power unit.
 
Methodology: The study is based on the Data Envelopment Analysis method, using data from the parishes of the district of Braga in two moments, the year 2012 and the year 2015. For this year, a new territorial reorganization was also proposed and analysed.
 
Results and Conclusions: The reform increased efficiency in 10 of the 14 municipalities. However, it was possible to observe that a reorganization that gives the parishes a larger size, that is, closer to the average seen in the European Union, would bring average efficiency gains in all municipalities. Thus, it is concluded that the reform of the parishes carried out in 2013 in the district of Braga is not the one that allows greater efficiency, since this can be enhanced if they benefit from a larger geographical scale.
 
Research implications: The research contributes to the knowledge of the efficiency of territorial reforms, namely, regarding the impact of the dimension in this context, as well as to the evaluation of the public policy adopted, allowing the public decision-maker to make a sound and sustained decision.
 
Originality/value: This study is original because it studies smaller units of local government, the parishes, on which research is very incipient, namely in Portugal.
Infant with severe hypertriglyceridemia: a case report of familial chylomicronemia syndrome
Authors: Rangel Janinne , Meireles Wallace , Leite Ana Carolina , Medina Cristina , Cardoso Maria Teresinha , Silva Romina
Published: March 2024

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is a rare, autosomal recessive monogenic disease, affecting 1:1,000,000000. A hallmark of the disease is the severe hypertriglyceridemia caused by either lipoprotein lipase (LPL) enzyme deficiency or one of its cofactors, compromising triglycerides (TG) metabolism. The index case is a 2 months old male infant with severe hypertriglyceridemia, level at presentation was extremely high 33280 mg/dL, hepatomegaly, steatosis and lipemia retinalis. Exchange transfusion blood was performed to reduce triglycerides to acceptable levels and to minimize the potential for acute pancreatitis and clinical signs related to hypertriglyceridemia. Sequencing of the LPL gene revealed a compound heterozygous pathogenic variants. This report highlights the importance of clinical suspicion for early diagnosis of severe hypertriglyceridemia, which is needed for prompt management and prevention of severe complications and risk of death.
Advancements in Hand-Drawn Chemical Structure Recognition through an Enhanced DECIMER Architecture
Authors: Rajan Kohulan , Brinkhaus Henning Otto , Zielesny Achim , Steinbeck Christoph
Published: March 2024

Accurate recognition of hand-drawn chemical structures is crucial for digitising hand-written chemical information found in traditional laboratory notebooks or for facilitating stylus-based structure entry on tablets or smartphones. However, the inherent variability in hand-drawn structures poses challenges for existing Optical Chemical Structure Recognition (OCSR) software. To address this, we present an enhanced Deep lEarning for Chemical ImagE Recognition (DECIMER) architecture that leverages a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers to improve the recognition of hand-drawn chemical structures. The model incorporates an EfficientNetV2 CNN encoder that extracts features from hand-drawn images, followed by a Transformer decoder that converts the extracted features into Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) strings. Our models were trained using synthetic hand-drawn images generated by RanDepict, a tool for depicting chemical structures with different style elements. To evaluate the model's performance, a benchmark was performed using a real-world dataset of hand-drawn chemical structures. The results indicate that our improved DECIMER architecture exhibits a significantly enhanced recognition accuracy compared to other approaches.
A compound-target pairs dataset: differences between drugs, clinical candidates and other bioactive compounds
Authors: Heinzke A. Lina , Zdrazil Barbara , Leeson Paul D. , Young Robert J. , Pahl Axel , Waldmann Herbert , Leach Andrew R.
Published: March 2024

Providing a better understanding of what makes a compound a successful drug candidate is crucial for reducing the high attrition rates in drug discovery. Analyses of the differences between active compounds, clinical candidates and drugs require high-quality datasets. However, most datasets of drug discovery programs are not openly available. This work introduces a dataset of compound-target pairs extracted from the open-source bioactivity database ChEMBL (release 32). Compound-target pairs in the dataset either have at least one measured activity or are part of the manually curated set of known interactions in ChEMBL. Known interactions between drugs or clinical candidates and targets are specifically annotated to facilitate analyses on differences between drugs, clinical candidates, and other active compounds. In total, the dataset comprises 614,594 compound-target pairs, 5,109 (3,932) of which are known interactions between drugs (clinical candidates) and targets. The extraction is performed in an automated manner and fully reproducible. We are providing not only the datasets but also the code to rerun the analyses with other ChEMBL releases.
Techniques to Predict Employee Attrition Using Optimized Levy Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science,  Avinashilingam Institute of Home Science and Higher Education for Women,  Coimbatore, India, Elizabeth Preena Romela , G Sudhamathy ,   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, Avinashilingam Institute of Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, India
Published: March 2024

Competent people are a valuable asset for strong businesses. The issue of retaining competent staff with expertise poses a challenge to business owners. Employee attrition may be costly for businesses since it takes a lot to compensate for their experience and efficiency. As a result, this study proposes a novel model for predicting employee attrition utilizing machine learning techniques. The datasets are collected from Kaggle resource. The dataset has been pre-processed using standard scalar with Label Encoding method. The dataset has been trained with ML algorithm. The best features are selected by using modified genetic algorithm (MGA). The classification has been done with KNN, Gradient Boosting and Extra tree classifier. Finally, the attrition prediction using optimized levy fruit fly optimization (OLFFO). The experimental results are compared with ML algorithms with classification metrics (Accuracy, Precision, recall and f-measure).