bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptomic and hormonal analyses reveal potential regulation networks of adventitious root formation in Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng
Authors: Xiong Yuping , Chen Xiaohong , Liu Junyu , Li Yuan , Bian Zhan , Zhang Xinhua , Zeng Songjun , Silva Jaime A. Teixeira da , Li Jianrong , Ma Guohua
Published: July 2024

Background
The extract from Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng, a rare and endangered species native to China, exhibits numerous biological and pharmacological activities. The species is recalcitrant to rooting during micropropagation, a challenge that has yet to be resolved. In this study, transcriptomic and hormonal analyses were conducted to appreciate the molecular mechanism of adventitious root (AR) formation in optimized rooting conditions.
Results
The use of 2/5-strength Woody Plant Medium (WPM) significantly promoted AR formation of M. glyptostroboides shoots while the content of endogenous auxin, cytokinins and gibberellins (GAs) varied at different stages of AR formation. Transcriptomic analysis showed the significant up- or down-regulation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with plant hormone signal transduction and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway in response to 2/5-strength WPM. DEGs related to the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinins and GAs were identified. Transcript factors involved in 13 families were also revealed. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis indicated a strong correlation between hormones and genes involved in plant hormone signal transduction and the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway.
Conclusions
These results indicate that the AR-promoting potential of 2/5-strength WPM in M. glyptostroboides was due to complex interactions between hormones and the expression of genes related to plant hormone signal transduction and the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway.
Adherence to the WHO guidelines and associations with socio- demographic factors among Ethiopian preschool children: The SUNRISE study
Authors: Abdeta Chalchisa , Cliff Dylan , Kariippanon Katharina , Deksisa Alem , Garoma Sileshi , Tesfaye Debrework , Chong Kar Hau , Antczak Devan , Okely Anthony D.
Published: July 2024

Background
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has called for more evidence on 24-hour movement behaviours from low- and middle-income countries. We examined the proportion of Ethiopian children aged 3.0-4.9 years who met the WHO guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under the age of five, and the associations between meeting the guidelines and socio-demographic factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Adama and Lume Woreda, Ethiopia. Children were recruited through kindergartens in Adama and rural villages in Lume Woreda, Ethiopia. Physical activity and sleep were measured using ActiGraph accelerometer. Sedentary screen time and restrained sitting were parent-reported. Multivariable logistic regression models tested associations between meeting the individual and combined WHO guidelines and socio-demographic factors.
Results
A total of 430 children participated in the study (mean age 4.2 ± 0.6 years). More than half the children (58.0%) met all the WHO guidelines. A higher proportion met the physical activity (96.1%) and sleep guidelines (91.9%) compared to the sedentary screen time guideline (63.5%). Children who lived in rural areas were more likely to meet the sedentary behaviour (84.6% vs 38.2%, AOR = 7.31; 95%CI: 3.93, 14.02), sleep (98.6% vs 83.8%, AOR = 8.60; 95%CI: 3.55, 23.73) and combined (81.3% vs 30.1%, AOR = 7.41; 95%CI: 4.04, 13.97) guidelines than those who lived in urban areas.
Conclusions
Children from rural Ethiopia were more compliant with the WHO guidelines than their urban counterparts. Strategies to reduce screen time and promote healthy movement behaviours in urban areas are needed. Further studies with a larger representative sample might provide better insight across the regions of the country.
In situ deposition of bismuth on pre-anodized screen-printed electrode for sensitive determination of Cd2+ in water and rice with a portable device
Authors: Li Yongfang , Wang Zijun , Chen Xuan , Yi Zhijian , Wang Rui
Published: July 2024

Electrochemical detection is favorable for the rapid and sensitive determination of heavy metal cadmium. However, the detection sensitivity needs to be further improved, and a portable, low-cost device is needed for on-site detection. Herein, an in-situ bismuth modified pre-anodized screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was developed for Cd2+ determination by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The in-situ bismuth modification enhances the enrichment of Cd2+, and together with pre-anodization improve the electron transfer rate of electrode, thus enhancing the detection sensitivity. In addition, a self-made PSoC Stat potentiostat coupled with a stirring device was fabricated for portable electrochemical detection. After comprehensive optimization, the developed method can reach a testing time of 3 min, a detection limit of 3.55 µg/L, a linear range of 5-100 µg/L, and a recovery rate of 91.7%-107.1% in water and rice samples for Cd2+ determination. Therefore, our method holds great promise for the rapid, sensitive and on-site determination of Cd2+ in food samples.
Clinical Experience with Ceftazidime/Avibactam for the Treatment of Extensively Drug-Resistant or Pandrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Neonates and Children
Authors: Gundeslioglu Ozlem Ozgur , Haytoglu Zeliha , Gumuş Hatice Hale , Ekinci Faruk , Kibar Filiz , Cay Ummuhan , Ozlu Ferda , Horoz Ozden Ozgur , Alabaz Derya , Yıldızdas Rıza Dincer
Published: July 2024

Purpose:Klebsiella pneumoniaeis a significant cause of healthcare-associated infections, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates due to limited treatment options. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes and the safety of Ceftazidime-avibactam in infections caused by extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaein pediatric patients.Methods:This study included pediatric patients who received ceftazidime-avibactam treatment due to extensively drug-resistant or pandrug-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfections, monitored in the pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, and pediatric wards of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine between 2022 and 2023. Patients' microbiological responses, clinical responses, medication side effects, and 30-day survival rates were evaluated.Results:Eleven pediatric patients were included in the study, of whom nine were male (81.8%). The median age of the patients was 15 months (min: 1 day - max: 183 months). Sepsis was diagnosed in 9 patients (81.8%). Two premature infants (27 and 35 weeks) were admitted to the neonatal ICU. Regarding theKlebsiella pneumoniaestrains, 10 (91%) were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and 1 (9%) was pandrug-resistant (PDR). Eight strains (72.7%) were carbapenem-resistant, and 9 (81.8%) were colistin-resistant. Microbiological response was noted in 8 patients (72.7%), clinical response was evident in 6 patients (54.5%). The 30-day survival rate was 54.5%, with six patients surviving.Conclusion:In our study, ceftazidime-avibactam has been identified as a significant treatment option for resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeinfection in critically ill children and premature infants with sepsis and organ failure, and it has been found to be well tolerated.
«Klimaterrorismus» oder ziviler Ungehorsam? Eine Begriffsklärung.
Authors: Keller Adina
Published: July 2024

Die Klimabewegung ergreift in letzter Zeit immer öfter radikalere Mittel des Protests. Während die Klimaaktivist:innen ihren Protest als zivilen Ungehorsam verstehen, werden vereinzelt auch Vergleiche zu Ökoterrorismus und Klima-RAF gezogen. Selbst wenn solche Vergleiche als völlig überrissen zu bewerten sind, haben sie eine Debatte ausgelöst zur Frage: Was ist eigentlich ziviler Ungehorsam? Die traditionellen Definitionen haben sich dabei als zunehmend ungeeignet erwiesen, um die Eigenheiten zeitgenössischen Protests zu erfassen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird daher ausgehend von einer Analyse des Sprachgebrauchs der beiden Begriffe «zivil» und «Ungehorsam» zunächst die begriffshistorische Entwicklung rekonstruiert. Die daraus extrahierten Begriffselemente werden anschliessend in Würdigung der aktuellen Praxis und der gegenwärtigen Bedingungen für einen zeitgemässen Definitionsvorschlag fruchtbar gemacht.
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Les défenseurs du climat ont de plus en plus recours à des moyens de protestation radicaux. Alors que les militants pro-climat qualifient ces actions de désobéissance civile, d'autres les comparent plutôt à de l'écoterrorisme. Si cette comparaison peut sembler exagérée, elle a le mérite d'ouvrir le débat sur la question suivante : qu'est-ce que la désobéissance civile  ? Les définitions traditionnelles s'avèrent mal adaptées aux spécificités des protestations contemporaines. Cet article se base sur une analyse linguistique des termes « civile » et « désobéissance » et de leur usage, afin de reconstituer l'évolution historique du concept. Leséléments conceptuels qui en résultent sont ensuite utilisés pour proposer une dé finition contemporaine qui tient compte des pratiques et des conditions actuelles.
Tolerance of Young Blackberries to a Selection of Preemergence Herbicides and Rates
Authors: Knepp Kayla , Bertucci Matthew B. , Cato Aaron J. , McWhirt Amanda L. , Roma-Burgos Nilda
Published: July 2024

Limited preemergence herbicides are registered for new blackberry (Rubus subgenus Rubus) plantings. This greenhouse experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a broad selection of preemergence herbicides at multiple rates on blackberry transplants. Screening was initiated Aug 2021 and repeated Mar 2022 in Fayetteville, AR, USA, in a greenhouse at the Milo J. Shult Agricultural Research and Extension Center. ‘Ouachita’ blackberry plugs were transplanted into utility pots that contained field soil and growth media treated with preemergence herbicides. After transplanting, plant height was measured from the substrate to the highest apical meristem of 25 representative plants. Initial blackberry plant heights were 13.5 and 9.2 cm in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Twenty-five treatments were evaluated, consisting of 12 preemergence herbicides at 1× and 2× field rates, and one untreated control. Herbicide treatments included diuron, flumioxazin, halosulfuron, indaziflam, mesotrione, napropamide, oryzalin, pendimethalin, rimsulfuron, S-metolachlor, simazine, and sulfentrazone applied to substrate in containers at their respective 1× or 2× field rates. Data were collected on plant height, blackberry injury ratings, internode length, leaf chlorophyll content, and destructive harvest, including leaf count, leaf dry biomass, and aboveground dry biomass. Specific leaf areas and leaf area-to-dry matter ratios were calculated. When observed, plant injury tended to increase from 7 days after treatment (DAT) until 42 DAT. Greater injury levels were observed in response to treatment with mesotrione at the 1× (78%) and 2× rates (90%), halosulfuron at the 1× rate (58%), halosulfuron at the 2× rate (68%), and diuron at the 2× rate (73%). Injury from diuron was rate dependent, with the 1× rate causing relatively low injury (19%). At both the 1× and 2× rates, flumioxazin, indaziflam, napropamide, S-metolachlor, and pendimethalin treatments exhibited similar responses to the untreated control.
Histological trends and molecular genetic features of non-small cell lung cancer in the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous district – Ugra
Authors: Mordovskiy A. A. , Aksarin A. A. , Parsadanyan A. M. , Troyan P. P. , Pakhtusov A. I.
Published: July 2024

Objective: to study the histological structure of lung cancer, as well as molecular-genetic, gender, demographic and anamnestic characteristics of patients with non-small cell lung cancer in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous district – Ugra. Material and Methods. Material for the study consisted of 6725 cases of lung cancer for the period 2001–2020 and 266 cases diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer for the period 2020–2023. Nonparametric Fisher’s criterion and χ2 test were used to analyze statistical factors. The relative risk of an event in the main group compared to the control group was calculated. Results. Squamous cell carcinoma remained the most common histological form among lung cancers detected for the periods 2001–2010 and 2011–2020 (40.2 and 38.3 %, respectively). During the second decade of the study period, the proportion of lung adenocarcinoma increased by 9.6%, approaching the rates of squamous cell lung carcinoma. It should be noted that in the structure of all histologic subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer, genetic aberrations occurred more frequently in adenocarcinoma than in other histologic forms of lung cancer (33 vs 6 %, respectively). The results of the analysis showed that the relative risk of developing genetic aberrations in EGFR, KRAS, ALK oncogenes was respectively 21.08; 9.04 and 10.84 times higher in lung adenocarcinoma and 15.87; 2.18 and 10.2 times higher among never smokers than in the control groups. The incidence of mutations in the EGFR gene was statistically more frequent in women (p<0.001), and the incidence of translocation in the AL K gene was predominantly diagnosed at age ≥48 years (p=0.002) regardless of gender. The specificity of PD-L1 expression levels (low – 63.2 %, medium – 16.2 %, high – 4.5 %) is consistent with other recent studies. Conclusion. The study of molecular-genetic changes observed in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer in Ugra allows the development of organizational and methodological approaches to diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
Artificial intelligence for screening and early diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms in the context of centralization of the laboratory service in the region.
Authors: Panin S. I. , Suvorov V. A. , Zubkov A. V. , Bezborodov S. A. , Panina A. A. , Kovalenko N. V. , Donsckaia A. R. , Shushkova I. G. , Bykov A. V. , Marenkov Ya. A.
Published: July 2024

Objective. Determination of the optimal machine learning model for the creation of software for screening and early diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms in the context of centralization of the laboratory service in the region. Material and Methods. The clinical material was based on 1254 patients who were examined in the centralized laboratory of the Volgograd Consultative and Diagnostic Polyclinic No. 2. Of these, 139 were subsequently operated on at the Volgograd Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary for pancreatic malignancies. In 65 (46.7 %) cases, distal pancreatic resection was performed, and in 74 (53.3 %) cases, pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. In 28 (20.1 %) cases, at the time of tumor detection, patients did not have clinical symptoms. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using the Python programming language. Five different classifiers were used for machine learning. Results. In the course of factor analysis, 11 parameters were selected from 62 laboratory blood parameters, the dynamics of changes in which should be specifically assessed at the stages of screening and early diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasms. A comparative assessment of machine learning techniques showed that the best option for creating the appropriate software was Hist Gradient Boosting (diagnostic accuracy 0.909, sensitivity 0.642, specificity 0.965, negative predictability 0.928, positive predictability 0.794, F1 0.828, logistic regression loss function 0.352, area under the ROC curve 0.89). Conclusion. The creation of software based on the selected algorithm will make it possible to clarify the real effectiveness of machine learning on a larger population of patients with pancreatic neoplasms.
Sound pronunciation correction in patients after glossectomy. Сomparative prospective study
Authors: Krasavina E. A. , Choynzonov E. L. , Kulbakin D. E. , Tskhai V. O. , Balatskaya L. N.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of correction of sound pronunciation in patients after glossectomy without reconstructive surgery and glossectomy with reconstructive surgery. Material and Methods. The study included 56 patients with histologically verified stage III –IV oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer. All patients were divided into two groups: those undergoing reconstructive surgery after glossectomy and those not undergoing reconstructive surgery after glossectomy. Data on the dynamics of sound pronunciation correction were assessed during the rehabilitation period, as well as 6 and 12 months after completion of speech therapy. The parameters were scored from 0 to 4, where 0 indicated no speech sound disorders, and 4 indicated maximum disorders. Results. All patients showed absolute (4 points) speech sound disorders after surgery. Speech rehabilitation in patients, who underwent reconstructive surgery after glossectomy, resulted in a significant improvement in the pronunciation of posterior lingual sounds: [K], [G], [K’], [G’], whistling (lingual-dental) sounds: [S], [S’], [Z ], [Z’], front-lingual sounds: [T], [Т’], [D], [D’] and hissing sounds: [Sh, [Zh] (p<0.05). In patients, who underwent glossectomy without reconstructive surgery, a statistically significant improvement in sound pronunciation was observed only after correcting posterior lingual hard sounds: [K], [G] (p<0.05). Conclusion. The results obtained highlight the importance of reconstructive surgery after glossectomy to achieve better results of functional restoration and improve the quality of speech function of patients.
UTERINE RUPTURE IN A HEALTHY UTERUS ASSOCIATED WITH A RETROPLACENTAL HEMATOMA, REPORT OF A CASE AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors:   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Cherkaoui A. , Bousada Z. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Mrida M. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., F. Nyama ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Assal A. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Gotni A. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Jalal M. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Lamrissi A. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco., Samouh N. ,   Maternity, Mother and Child Hospital Abderrahim Harouchi, University Hospital IBN Rochd of Casablanca, Morocco.
Published: July 2024

Uterine rupture is a complication of childbirth, its relatively rare but its actual frequency is relative to degree of development of the health system of the country where it occurs. The vital prognosis of the mother and that of the fetus are most often at stake, as well as the subsequent fertility of the patient. Its frequency is increased for scarred uteri and increasingly rare for healthy uterus. Through this work, we present an atypical case of uterine rupture occurring in a non-scarred uterus in a context of eclampsia complicating severe preeclampsia in a 31-year-old patient diagnosed intraoperatively. We discuss through this case and the review of literature, the interest of keeping in mind that this complication can threaten any childbirth even when the diagnosis of other complication seems more conclusive the case of a retroplacental hematoma in our case. The clinical warning signs, the risk factors, the diagnostic methodology are crucial to the therapeutic management of this entity.
PREVALENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AMONGST WOMEN IN PUNJAB: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Home Science, Khalsa College for Women, Civil Lines (Ludhiana), Panjab University., Sachdeva Suriti , Sharma Preeti ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
Published: July 2024

The rise in domestic violence against women in India, especially in the pandemic and post-pandemic period, is an alarming issue that needs immediate attention. The dominant explanation for this emerging trend is structural inequality, internalized patriarchy, and misogyny. Factors such as patriarchal nature of society, hierarchy of relationships, perception of women as housewives, caregivers and child bearers they being the lower sex, encourage their suppression. Domestic violence in families is influenced by instability in relationships, excessive male power, control over the mobility of women, poverty, power relationships, preference for male offspring, alcohol and drug abuse by the male partner, and economic imbalance. This study has attempted to identify frequency of different forms of domestic violence such as physical violence, emotional violence, social violence, economic violence and sexual violence. The study revealed that all forms of violence were reported to be prevalent among the respondents. Considering each type of violence, emotional violence topped the chart, followed by economic violence and social violence. Respondents also reported to suffer from sexual violence and physical violence. The study suggests that for holistic sustainable development and women empowerment, different forms of domestic violence and causes/situations leading to it, needs to be identified. Additionally, the society needs to be sensitized how it affects the physiological, psychosocial and psychological wellness of women, at large, thus hampering their empowerment.
STUDY ON ANATOMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OFCLERODENDRUM QUADRILOCULARE (BLANCO) MERR
Authors:   Associate Professor in Botany, C M S College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kottayam, Kerala, India-686001., N. Hari , Marva F.S. Ameesha ,   Department of Botany, C M S College Kottayam (Autonomous), Kottayam, Kerala, India-686001.
Published: July 2024

Clerodendrum quadriloculare (Blanco) Merr., commonly called as the bronze-leaved Clerodendrum, shooting star, or Starburst bush, is native to New Guinea and Philippines. It coming under the family Lamiaceae.Traditionally, C. quadriloculare is used in Filipino folk medicine. Despite its traditional medicinal use, systematic anatomical studies on the plant are limited. Investigating its anatomical featuresare crucial for authenticating traditional claims, preventing adulteration, and distinguishing sibling species. Microscopic examination of C. quadrilocularereveals distinct superficial and anatomical characteristics. The leaf anatomy shows lower lamina comprises starch grains. The leaves exhibit anomocytic stomata. Numerous glandular dots are present on the epidermal peel. The midrib shows a thick cuticular epidermis with glandular hairs. The medulla features vascular bundles, with the outer phloem region having fibrous bands. The pith consists of small prismatic crystals. The petioles anatomy includes a thick-walled epidermis and numerous glandular trichomes. The vascular bundleswith brachysclereids as bundle caps. The stems transverse section reveals an outer periderm with lenticels. The outer edge of the secondary phloem contains fibers. The xylem vessels are linearly arranged and uni-bi seriate, with the presence of xylem parenchyma and fibers. The pith is thick-walled, with primary bundles intruding into it. The wood highlights tracheids and large vessel elements, with lateral vessel walls featuring bordered pits. The bark is well-deposited with starch granules. In conclusion, the anatomical study of C. quadriloculare provides a comprehensive understanding of its internal structure, contributing to the scientific validation of its traditional medicinal uses. The findings highlight the plants complex histological features, which are essential for its identification, potential medicinal applications, and conservation. This research underscores the importance of anatomical profiling in authenticating traditional knowledge and protecting valuable plant species from adulteration and misidentification.
TO EVALUATE THE SELECTION PROTOCOL OF CATARACT PATIENTS ADMITTED THROUGH OUTREACH PROGRAMS (EYE CAMPS) UNDERGOING SURGERY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF CENTRAL INDIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Depttof Ophthalmology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PGI, Indore., Prakash Pragya
Published: July 2024

Aim: To evaluate the selection protocol of Cataract patients admitted through outreach programs (EYE CAMPS) undergoing surgery in a tertiary care center of Central India Study design: It is a prospective descriptive study conducted on camp patients at a charitable tertiary eye care hospital (Central India) from January 2023 to june2023. Wirtten informed consent was taken from patients for participation in this study. Setting:A prospective observational study was performed of all cataract patients admitted through outreach program (EYE Camp) for small incision cataract surgery in the department of Ophthalmology, Sri Aurobindo institute of medical sciences, Indore from January 2023 to june2023. Material and Methods: During the study period 332 patients were screened ..all patients above 40 years of age having senile cataract were included and Patients with age less than 40 years of age, Congenital cataract, complicated cataracts like traumatic, uveitic, subluxated or dislocated cataracts, patients having undergone previously any ocular surgery in the selected eye, patients not giving written informed consent were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 332 camp patients 306 (92%) patients under went small incision cataract surgery and the surgeries of 26 patients (8%) were postponed, as the patients were unfit due to ocular and systemic reasons out of 26 patients, 5 patients had uncontrolled blood sugar, 7 patients had uncontrolled blood pressure, 2 patients had cardiac problems, 1 patient was asthmatic. Conclusion:In our study, increasing age and female gender were commonly associated with cataract. Most of the patients had bilateral cataract and low vision at presentation. Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus were commonly associated systemic disorders with cataract. This study highlights that high quality cataract surgery with a low intra-operative complication rate and good visual outcome can be attained even in camp patients operated in the base hospitals with standard protocols.
STRATEGIC INNOVATION AND POLITICAL TRIUMPH: APPLYING THE BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY APPROACH IN ELECTORAL CAMPAIGNS
Authors:   The Maldives National University., Shahuneeza Naseer Mariyam
Published: July 2024

In the dynamic realm of electoral politics, achieving victory hinges on strategic innovation and the ability to capture voter sentiment effectively. This paper explores the application of the "Blue Ocean Strategy" to electoral campaigns, drawing parallels between business strategy and political success. Originating from the business sector, the Blue Ocean Strategy advocates creating uncontested market spaces by simultaneously enhancing value and reducing costs, thereby redefining competitive dynamics. By analyzing Canadian Prime Minister Trudeaus electoral triumph in 2015, where innovative strategies targeted non-traditional voters through positive messaging and digital engagement, this paper illustrates how political actors can transcend traditional partisan strategies. It delves into key components of the Blue Ocean Strategy adapted to the electoral context, emphasizing the importance of strategic divergence from conventional tactics. This study offers insights for future electoral campaigns seeking to navigate and innovate in the complex landscape of contemporary politics.
EVALUATION OF EFFICACY OF COLOUR CORRECTED LIGHT SOURCE IN DETERMINING THE ACCURACY OF SHADE MATCHING DONE WITH A COMMONLY USED SHADE GUIDE SYSTEM BY CONVENTIONAL VISUAL METHOD AND AN INTRA ORAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Authors:   Resident, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., Vincent Pinky , C. Rajesh ,   Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., Anilkumar S. ,   Controller of Examinations, Kerala University of Health Sciences., M. Raghavan Sandhya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam.
Published: July 2024

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of colour corrected light source in shade matching and to determine accuracies and inter-rater agreement of three shade matching methods (conventional visual method, visual method using colour corrected light source and spectrophotometric method). Methodology: In the conventional visual method and the visual method using colour corrected light source, four examiners with normal colour vision matched five target control shade tabs taken from the VITAPAN 3D MasterTM shade guide, with other full set of the same shade guide. Shade matching with the colour corrected light source was done under daylight mode simulating 5500K or natural daylight. Each tab was matched three times to determine repeatability of visual examiners. In the spectrophotometric method, two independent examiners matched the control tabs with three repetitions for each tab. The data was collected and statistical analysis was performed. Results: Visual method using colour corrected light source produced more accurate results (80%) than the conventional visual method (68.3%) and spectrophotometric method (0%), thus proving the efficacy of colour corrected light source (p<0.05). All three methods exhibited poor inter-rater agreement. Conclusion: The question is whether handheld light correcting devices and digital assessments are clinically useful or are they unreliable andunnecessary costly. Even though visual shade matching is subjective, it is not inferior and should not be underrated. The low accuracy value obtained for the spectrophotometer may be a misrepresentation of the machines capabilities due to its inability to measure any reading asclose to the correct value. If both analyses are combined, digital determination of the basic shade and visual determination of the effects, can provide the best possible esthetic outcome. Although human eye will be the finalarbitrator, success can best be achieved by combining traditional artistic techniques with advancements in technology, complemented with innovations in colour-related research, education, and training of dental professionals.
Radiation safety problems during the patient traveling by public transport after radiopharmaceutical therapy with 131I
Authors: Petryakova A. V. , Chipiga L. A. , Zvonova I. A. , Vodovatov A. V. , Gorsky G. A. , Stanzhevsky A. A.
Published: July 2024

Radiopharmaceutical therapy with 131I has been one of the most common types of radiopharmaceutical therapy  for  many  years.  Radiation  safety  of  the  public  is  ensured  by  limiting  the  patient  contacts  until  the radiological parameters are reduced to the established criteria. To increase the availability of the radiopharmaceutical therapy with 131I, softer patient release criteria for 131I have been proposed. However, early patient release may increase exposure to the public, e.g. in transport. The aim of the work is to evaluate the radiation exposure  from  patients  with 131I -MIBG  and  Na131I on  the  public  in  transport  considering  the  generation  of biological waste. In this work, 131I excretion from the body of patients in transport was evaluated for different scenarios of patient travel to the place of residence. As a result, it was found that mitigation of patient release criteria leads to an increase in the effective dose to the public in transport and an increase in the 131I activity excreted with patient waste. The specific activity in the tanks of biotoilets in transport, generated after the pas -sage of a patient with injected 131I -labeled radiopharmaceuticals, exceeds the limit value of classifying liquid waste as radioactive. To optimize radiation protection of the public, it is advisable to apply a differentiated approach to release patients after therapy with 131I: to group non-resident patients into a separate category retaining for them the established release criterion (without mitigation) to minimize the radiation impact on the public.
Radiation survey of the territory of Teriberka village and Kildin Island of Murmansk Region
Authors: Gushchina Iu. V. , Shandala N. K. , Seregin V. A. , Isaev D. V. , Starinskiy V. G. , Shitova A. A. , Filonova A. A.
Published: July 2024

The Arctic zone is a strategically important territory of the Russian Federation from the point of view of socio-economic, scientific, and technological components, as well as in terms of planning the development of a system for ensuring national defense, state, and public security. Intensive exploration and development of Arctic territories, combined with a rapidly changing environment due to global climate change, carries a few risks for the environment. This determines the need to assess potential environmental damage and determine the significance of factors of potential negative impact on unique Arctic ecosystems now and in the future. The article presents current data from a radiation survey of the coastal zone of residential areas close to the site of the sinking of the nuclear submarine ‘K-159’ – Teriberka village and Kildin Island, Murmansk region, as well as the sea area to assess the primary levels of man-made and natural radionuclides before starting work on the potential lifting of the submerged object. This work was carried out as part of the implementation of the State Program of the Russian Federation ‘Health Development’ (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 26, 2017, No. 1640). The results of measuring the ambient dose equivalent rate of gamma radiation in open areas and determining the content of man-made and natural radionuclides in samples of environmental media (soil, aquatic vegetation, marine aquatic organisms) and food products of local origin and production (mushrooms, berries, fish, milk). The research results showed that the state of the study area is generally stable in terms of the radiation factor, the content of radionuclides is at the background level. As part of this work, electronic database modules have been developed based on the results of radiation monitoring in Teriberka village and on Kildin Island. Certificate No. 2022621890 was received on registration of a database with the results of the radiation situation of the above-mentioned territories.
The risk of developing cancer of the digestive organs (excluding intestines) in the South Urals Population Exposed to Radiation Cohort
Authors: Krestinina L. Yu. , Zavyalov D. A.
Published: July 2024

Evaluation of the low dose effect on population health is still a relevant issue. It requires further studies to improve our understanding of these effects. To solve this problem, it is important to conduct studies of the late effects of radiation exposure with direct risk estimation in the population that combines all strata of the society: people of different sex, age, initial health status, social and economic status. Moreover, this population should be sizeable and has been followed up for a long-term period. This manuscript is the first to present the findings of the analysis of the incidence risk of cancer of all the digestive organs, excluding intestines, and stomach cancer taken separately in members of the Southern Urals Population Exposed to Radiation Cohort depending on the dose accumulated in the stomach over the period from 1956 through 2018. This cohort is comprised of individuals exposed in the Southern Urals in two radiation accidents (on the Techa River and in the East-Urals  Radioactive  Trace)  over  the  period  from  01.01.1950  through  31.12.1960.  The  cohort  also  includes those who were born during this period; they could have additional in utero exposure or have exposed parents. The population was affected by long-term combined exposure (external and internal) at the low-to-medium soft tissue dose range (up to 1.1 Gy). The size of the incidence cohort was 47,282 people. Over the follow-up period 01.01.1956-31.12.2018, the number of person-years made up 1  292   930; mean dose to the stomach was 47 mGy, maximum – 1,132 mGy. Excess relative risk of the cancer incidence of the digestive organs was assessed using the Poisson regression analysis. Calculations were performed using the EPICURE Statistical software package. Excess relative risk for stomach cancer with a 2-year minimal, was 0.98/Gy (р=0.026), for  all  cancers  of  the  digestive  organs,  excluding  intestines,  –  0.58/Gy,  р=0.06.  There  was  no  significant modification of the effect by non-radiation factors. These values of excess relative risk do not disagree with the results of similar studies in the Japanese cohort of the atomic bomb survivors who were compatible in terms of age but had acute exposure at higher doses. No significant dose dependence of the cancer incidence of the oral cavity, esophagus, liver, or pancreas was detected at this stage.
Radiogenic risk of colorectal cancer in the Southern Urals Population Exposed to Radiation Cohort
Authors: Silkin S. S. , Mikryukova L. D.
Published: July 2024

Colorectal cancer (colon, rectum, rectosigmoid and anus) is one of the most frequently registered cancer sites. Apart from main risk factors for the development of cancer of this localization (dietary disorders, obesity, alcohol and tobacco use, contact with certain chemicals), a number of authors have noted in their studies the effect of ionizing radiation. The objective of this study was to directly assess the excess relative risk of colorectal cancer in the population exposed to long-term chronic radiation mainly in the range of low-dose and low  dose  rates.  These  people  are  included  in  the  Southern  Urals  Population  Exposed  to  Radiation  Cohort. Materials and methods: the analytical cohort included 47,282 people, the follow-up period was 63 years (from 1956 to 2018), and the number of person years at risk was 1,292,930. The incidence catchment area includes five Chelyabinsk Oblast raions, the cities of Chelyabinsk and Ozersk. For the period from 1956 to 2018, 462 cases of colon cancer were registered in the follow-up territory. The colon dose was used as a reference dose. The mean absorbed dose was 69 mGy, the maximum dose – 1,824 mGy. The analysis was performed using Epicure statistical package programs by Poisson regression method with a simple parametric model of excess relative risk. Significance of the results was assessed by the maximum likelihood method with 95% probability. Results: In SUPER members, baseline colorectal cancer incidence rates were found to be dependent on such factors as sex (p<0.001), ethnicity (p=0.001), attained age (p<0.001), education (p<0.001), year of birth of cohort members (p<0.001), presence of cancer in first degree relatives (p=0.03). The risk analysis did not reveal statistically significant dose dependence of the excess relative risk of malignant neoplasms of the whole large intestine, as well as no significant dependence of the excess risk of malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum. The influence of modifying factors on the magnitude of radiogenic risk was evaluated. Assessment of the excess relative risk of colorectal cancer in this cohort is carried out for the first time.
Conversion from the frequency of chromosome translocations in T-lymphocytes to the bone marrow dose in the long-term period after internal 89,90 Sr exposure
Authors: Tolstykh E. I.
Published: July 2024

Cytogenetic Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization studies, that allow assessing the frequency of stable chromosome  aberrations  in  circulating  T  lymphocytes,  are  commonly  used  in  retrospective  dosimetry  in  cases of uniform whole-body exposure. In the event of 89,90Sr exposure, interpretation of cytogenetic data is challenging,  especially  if  blood  sampling  occurs  long  after  the  start  of  exposure.  The  weighted  average  dose  to T-lymphocytes at the time of donor blood sampling in the long-term period after exposure to 89,90Sr does not coincide  with  the  red  bone  marrow  dose.  Previously,  we  developed  a  model  that  allows  us  to  estimate  the weighted average doses to T-lymphocytes upon 89,90Sr ingress into the body of people belonging to various age groups. In this study, the modeling results were used to estimate the conversion factors from the frequency of translocations to the red bone marrow dose, which is important for assessing radiobiological effects associated with hematological diseases. The objective of our study is to estimate numerically the conversion factors (Brbm) from the dose to lymphocytes to the dose to red bone marrow for various scenarios of 89,90Sr ingestion depending on age, sex, and time after the start of exposure. The following scenarios are considered: single, uniform chronic for six months, uniform chronic for 1-5 years, non-uniform intake for 5 years (simulates the dynamics of intake in the Techa riverside settlements in 1950-1954). As a result, it has been found that the Brbm values significantly depend on the age at the time of 89,90Sr intake. The older the person is at the start of exposure, the more the cytogenetic dose differs (it is significantly lower) from the dose to the red bone marrow. We can say that the cytogenetic dose corresponds to the red bone marrow dose only in newborns and infants. This is due to the age-related dynamics of T-cell populations. Sex does not have a significant effect on Brbm. The effect of the 89,90Sr intake duration on Brbm is the most pronounced for 15-year-old adolescents. For them, the difference in Brbm values for a single and chronic 5-year ingress reaches 13%. Non-uniform intake of 90Sr over several years does not have a significant effect on Brbm and can be modelled by a uniform intake of the same duration.
NAZIM BİÇİMİ AÇISINDAN HACI TAŞAN’IN ESERLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Baştepe Kaan
Published: July 2024

Yöresel Türk müziğinin önemli kaynak kişilerinden Hacı Taşan’ın icra ettiği 13 adet eserin edebî açıdan incelenmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışmada eserler, sözlerin yapısı ve nazım biçimi ekseninde incelenmiştir. İncelenen eserlerin büyük çoğunluğunda 11’li hece ölçüsünün kullanıldığı, 2 eserde 7’li ve bir eserin bazı dizelerinde ise 8’li hece ölçüsüne yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen 13 adet eserin 8 tanesinin “türkü”, 3 tanesinin “koşma” ve 2 tanesinin “mâni” nazım biçiminde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Eserlerin tamamında aşk, ayrılık, kavuşma, ölüm olmak üzere birbiriyle de ilişki içerisindeki dört konu işlenmiştir. Hacı Taşan’ın incelenen eserlerinde kullandığı bazı sözcüklerin yapılan diğer çalışmalarda farklı yazıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Eserlerin hangi yöreye ait olduğunun şüpheli olduğu durumlar için kaynak kişi icrasındaki söz unsurlarının incelenmesinin çözüm üretebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada incelenen eserlerin sözcüklerindeki farklılıklar ve eser isimlerinin metinle uyumsuz olması gibi bulgulara ulaşıldığı için derleme çalışmaları ile kayıt altına alınan yöresel Türk müziği eserlerinin söz unsurlarının yeniden ele alınması önerilmektedir.
Discussion About the Legal Nature of the Russian Financial Market
Authors: Kobzar-Frolova M. N. ,   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasyanina E. L. ,   Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

On December 18, 2023, a round table on the topic «The Russian financial market: legal nature and structure» was held at the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article provides a brief overview of the discussion that took place, reflecting the scientific community's understanding of the concept, structure and elements of the modern financial market of the Russian Federation. During the round table, leading experts from leading research and higher educational institutions in Russia and neighboring countries were asked how effective the existing legal instruments are to ensure the stable functioning of the financial market, is the Russian financial market coping with its assigned role. The participants of the round table paid special attention to such controversial issues as the theoretical and legal content of the concept of «financial market» and its structural elements, the formation of a legal model of the financial market of the Russian Federation at the present stage of economic development. At the end of the discussion, the participants unanimously stated the expediency of further improving the legal model of the financial market. We have identified the legal tools necessary to achieve the primary goals of financial market development. We decided to continue the study of the legal nature of money and money circulation, which plays a key role in the functioning of the financial market and in the general economic mechanism.
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene practices in areas affected by Cyclone Idai in Zimbabwe
Authors: Dembedza Vimbainashe Prisca , Chopera Prosper , Macheka Lesley
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the association between Cyclone Idai and the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices in Chimanimani and Chipinge districts in Zimbabwe. The WASH parameters assessed included the main water source, the type of toilet in the household, the number of households sharing a toilet and the presence of a handwashing facility for use after using the toilet. The highest proportion of households that were mostly affected used piped water, while those not affected mainly used community boreholes (42.9%), protected wells (24.2%) and surface water (18.7%). Most households that were relocated to camps (70%) used the pit latrine with slabs, while most of the households that were not affected (41.8%) used the bush as their toilet facility. Only households relocated to camps shared toilets. Only the most affected and resettled population groups (in camps) had better access to improved WASH infrastructure. However, the sharing of toilets was high and the use of handwashing facilities was low in all settlement types. There was a significant association between the severity of Cyclone Idai and the main water source, adequacy of drinking water, sharing of toilets and the ability to purify drinking water.
Challenges and Prospects of Crypto-Currency Market Development
Authors: Kultygin O. P. , Lyublinskaya N. N. , Tokmakova E. N. , Trubin A. E.
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the research on global crypto-currency market and analysis of its development trends. Special attention was paid to national regulation of crypto-currency and activity connected with it, which is topical today due to introduction of new sanctions against Russia, including those in the field of crypto-exchanges. Through analyzing the development of finance blockchain-systems the authors identified the vector of their developing in the direction of raising the speed of work, upgrading algorithms of consensus, increasing security and control over the mining sphere and turnover of crypto-currency in Russia. A conclusion was drawn that it can foster the extended use of crypto-systems of distributed ledger by present day banks. As goals of the research the authors mentioned problems connected with the opportunity to use blockchain technologies in the credit and finance sector and forecasting effects of such use.