bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Injection moldable, self-healable and recyclable rubber-bonded NdFeB magnets with the magnetic particulates content up to 90 wt%
Authors: Cao Yuan , Zhu Min , Rong Min Zhi , Zhang Ming Qiu
Published: November 2022

To apply the facile injection molding technique commonly used in thermoplastics processing to rubber-bonded magnets, typical highly filled thermosetting composites, an approach based on Diels-Alder (DA) chemistry is proposed by the authors. In the proof-of-concept experiments, the oligomers of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene rubber are successively functionalized by furyl and trifluoromethyl, and the magnetic NdFeB particles are modified by maleimide. By taking advantage of reversible DA reaction, crosslinkages are established among the treated polybutadiene oligomers and NdFeB particles. The composite exhibits very low viscosity due to de-crosslinking when heated to retro-DA reaction temperature, which provides the highly filled system with necessary thermal processibility. In addition, the fluorine groups of the rubber phase are aggregated surrounding the particulate fillers allowing for well separation of the latter in the melt state. During the subsequent cooling, the DA bonds are re-built up in the rubber and at the particles/rubber interface, respectively, offering the robustness of traditional thermosets. As a result, the polybutadiene-bonded magnets with NdFeB content up to 90 wt% can be injection molded and possess rather high magnetic properties, mechanical properties, self-healability and recyclability. The present work combines the merits of thermoplastics and thermosets, and satisfies the contradictory requirements of high filling, efficient manufacturing and balanced performance of functional polymer composites.
Development of a flexible self-calculation scoring model to determine stroke occurrence
Authors: Kyeong Sunghyon , Kim Dae Hyun
Published: November 2022

Stroke has become a significant threat to global public health, the ideal solution to which is primary prevention. Identification and management of determinants of stroke among various variables in different datasets are essential steps for its primary prevention. This study aimed to develop a flexible scoring model, which can easily modify different datasets. The public dataset containing 41,931 cases with 643 occurrences of stroke was randomly divided into training, validation, and test datasets comprising 25,158 (60%), 8,386 (20%), and 8,387 (20%) cases, respectively. Three continuous variables (age, body mass index, and average glucose level) and seven categorical variables (heart disease, hypertension, sex, married/smoking/work/residence status) in the dataset were converted using the weight of evidence method. The significant variables among 10 transformed variables were selected using multivariable logistic regression analyses. The scoring model for stroke occurrence was developed in the training and validation datasets, and performance was evaluated in the test dataset. Age, average glucose level, heart disease, and hypertension were significant variables of stroke occurrence. The scoring model was easily calculated using four determinants and indicates that the stroke occurrence ranged from 0.04–12.50%. The performance of the scoring model on the test dataset was similar to that on the validation dataset. This novel point scoring model is flexible enough to modify various datasets and can be used for determinant identification. Furthermore, its simplicity allows individuals to manage determinants by self-calculating stroke occurrence. Our model contributes to primary prevention using determinant identification and management.
Pulmonary function in a cohort of heart-healthy individuals from Northern Sweden - A comparison of reference values
Authors: Erelund Sofia , Karp Kjell , Arvidsson Sandra , Johansson Bengt , Sundström Nina , Wiklund Urban
Published: November 2022

Background Dynamic spirometry is an important investigation to differentiate between impaired and normal lung function, stressing the importance of selecting consistant and reliable clinical reference data. This study aims to evaluate the results of lung function testing in subjects without known heart or pulmonary disease living in Northern Sweden, with a focus on a comparison with previously published reference materials.
Methods The study is based on 285 (148 males) healthy adults, 20-90 years of age. The subjects had been randomly selected and included in a study of cardiac function in heart-healthy subjects and were also assessed with dynamic spirometry, where 16 subjects presented with pulmonary functional impairments and were excluded. The sex-specific age-dependency in lung volumes was estimated using the LMS model, where non-linear equations are derived for the mean value (M), the location (L) or skewness, and the scatter (S) or coefficient of variation. A comparison was made with the reference values given by the original LMS model that is suggested by the Global Lung Initiative (GLI), and with the reference values from the recent Obstructive Lung Disease In Norrbotten (OLIN) study, which is also based on subjects from Northern Sweden.
Results No differences were found in the age-dependency of pulmonary function between the new LMS model and the OLIN model. The original GLI reference values suggested significantly lower normal values, and consequently resulted in fewer subjects with both FEV1 and FVC values below the lower limit of normality, than both the new model and the OLIN model.
Conclusions Our results are in line with previous reports and support that the original GLI reference values underestimate pulmonary function in the adult Swedish population. This underestimation could be reduced by updating the coefficients in the underlying LMS model with values that are specific for Swedish citizens. For optimal accuracy the final coefficients should be verified in a larger cohort.
Impact of the use of dental services on dental pain according to adolescents’ skin colour: a 10-year cohort
Authors: Rauber Everton Daniel , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Noronha Thaís Gioda , Zemolin Nicole Adrielli Monteiro , Ardenghi Thiago Machado
Published: November 2022

Objective: Evaluate the association of the interaction between the use of dental services and the skin colour on the occurrence of dental pain over time.
Matherial and methods: This study is a cohort with 10 years of follow-up, started in 2010 with a sample of 639 preschool children (1-5 years old). The use of dental services, race and the presence of dental pain were self- reported by the individuals according to predefined criteria Multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the interaction between skin colour and use of dental services in the occurrence of dental pain over time.
Results: About 449 and 429 were reassessed in 2017 and 2020, respectively. The occurrence of toothache across the cohort was 60.7%. Caucasian individuals who used dental services throughout the cohort had a 51% lower chance of having a toothache than those who used dental services but were non-white (OR 0.49; 95% IC 0.27- 0.90).
Conclusion: there was a racial inequity in the occurrence of toothache among individuals who managed to make use of dental services throughout the follow-ups.
Clinical relevance: The differences found should serve as a warning to the way how individuals with different characteristics are treated and must be used to combat this inequity. Individuals should receive resolute and personalized treatments according to their clinical condition and not according to their socioeconomic characteristics.
Robust Wild Bootstrap Method Based on LMS Estimator with Monte Carlo Simulation in the Presence of Heteroscedasticity Error and Outliers
Authors: Pati Kafi
Published: November 2022

This research applies wild bootstrap techniques to a linear regression model with heteroscedasticity and outliers using Monte-Carlo techniques. For this research, the Monte-Carlo method was applied to generate samples of 120 and 200 observations from random samples of sizes 40 that were duplicated three and five times, respectively. However, the stochastic error for different sampling sizes similarly follows a normal distribution and the linear regression model is based on a fixed X variable for varied sample sizes. The regression model was introduced a form of heteroscedasticity to justify how the parameter estimate performed. By replacing a suitable outlier's observation for a good observation, the outliers are generated. The optimal approach was determined by applying the BootWu, BootLiu, RBootWu, and RBootLiu in the presence of outliers and heteroscedasticity errors. The robust location and scale, the wild bootstrap sampling procedure of Wu's and Liu's, and the Least Median Squares (LMS) estimator were combined with the Alamgir redescending M-estimate weighted function to compare this estimator. Using bias, RMSE, and average standard error, the performance of the proposed methods RWBootWu and RWBootLiu is compared to the performance of the current methods RBootWu, RBootLiu, BootWu, and BootLiu. The simulation study's findings show that RWBootWu and RWBootLiu are good alternatives to existing estimators for regression models.
Mathematics Subject Classification
62F35 Robustness and adaptive procedures (parametric inference)
62F40 Bootstrap, jackknife and other resampling methods
62H12 Estimation in multivariate analysis
62J07 Ridge regression; shrinkage estimators (Lasso)
62K25 Robust parameter designs
62K99 None of the above, but in this section
Impact of gastrointestinal inoculation and benznidazole treatment on Trypanosoma cruzi II infection in mice
Authors: Silva Hevillyn Fernanda Lucas da , Sarto Marcella Paula Mansano , de Abreu Ana Paula , Fernandes Nilma de Souza , Trovo João Vitor de Souza , Silva Aline Francieli da , de Souza-Kaneshima Alice Maria , Comar Jurandir Fernando , Toledo Max Jean de Ornelas
Published: November 2022

The protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease and the most frequent form of transmission of the parasite is the oral route, associated with greater severity and worse response to benznidazole (BZ), the drug used in its treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of gastrointestinal infection (GI) and BZ treatment on the histopathological alterations in mice inoculated with T. cruzi II. Swiss mice were inoculated by GI and intraperitoneal (IP) routes with 2x106 culture-derived metacyclic trypomastigotes of the Y strain (TcII) of T. cruzi and were treated with BZ in the acute phase of the infection. Fresh blood examination, qPCR, histopathological and biochemical evaluations (enzymatic dosages and oxidative stress-OS) were performed. BZ treatment of uninfected animals caused changes in the liver, increased the activity of AST and ALT enzymes and OS, showing that the drug alone affects this organ. Inflammation and necrosis in the cardiac tissue were less intense and deaths occurred later in animals inoculated via the GI route than the animals inoculated via the IP route. BZ reduced the intensity of tissue lesions and avoided lethality in animals inoculated via the GI route, and decreased parasitemia and OS in those inoculated via both routes. Although BZ alone caused liver damage, it was less intense than that caused by both routes of inoculation. Infection with the Y strain of T. cruzi II via the GI route proved to be less virulent and pathogenic and responded better to treatment than the infection acquired via the IP route.
Rheological properties of binary mixtures of Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum and xanthan gum
Authors: Yousefi Alireza , Ako Komla , Hosseinzadeh Ghader , Khodabakhshaghdam Shahla
Published: November 2022

Background
In this work, viscoelasticity, flow behaviour, thixotropy and thermo-rheological properties of binary mixtures of Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum (LPSG), as an emerging food gum, and xanthan gum (XG) at various blending ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 was studied for a depth insight into their interaction. FTIR analyses were also done to investigate the interaction between the XG and LPSG.
Results
FTIR results indicated the hydrogen bond formation between the hydrocolloids At the linear viscoelastic region (LVE), XG-rich blends exhibited higher tan δLVE and τy, but lower τf. The values of apparent viscosity (ηa) and complex viscosity (η*) diminished with increasing shear rate/frequency, and XG and LPSG individual dispersions showed the greatest and the lowest values, respectively. Based on the extended Cox-Merz rule, a greater shift factor (α) is observed as the ratio of LPSG in the mixed gel increases. At higher fraction of LPSG, except for the fraction of 75%, the thixotropic behaviour appears to be less pronounced. The recovery parameter (R, %) obtained from in-shear structural recovery test decreased with increase in LPSG fraction. The results of non-isothermal kinetic analysis revealed higher thermodynamic incompatibility and immiscibility of LPSG-XG system in the presence of higher XG ratio. Moreover, according to the results of Cole-Cole plot, the greatest compatibility of LPSG and XG blends was for LPSG25-XG75 sample (β = 0.87), whereas the worst miscibility was found to be for LPSG75-XG25 one (β = 1.02).
Conclusions
Different rheological properties could be obtained by blending various ratios of LPSG and XG, which in some ratios synergistic behaviour was observed. The wide variety of rheological properties obtained may be appropriate for the use of LPSG-XG mixtures in food industries, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
Pan-carcinogenic analysis of ITGA2 in human tumor carcinogenesis
Authors: Liu YuXin , Li Hua , Yang LiangFang , Shen TingYun , Liu Lei , Deng Wei , Fang GuiHua , Dai Wei
Published: November 2022

Background: It is very important to understand and explore its carcinogenic effect for the study of effective therapeutic methods. Current studies have shown that ITGA2 plays an important role in some tumors, but it has not been reported in other human cancers, and no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been carried out.
Method: In this study, we used the online databases,for example GEPIA, THE HUMAN PROTEIN Atlas (THPA) , UALCAN, CPTAC and TIMER, to analyze ITGA2 in HUMAN tumors by analyzing TCGA and GEO medium datasets.
Results: Through the analysis of online database, we found that ITGA2 was differentially expressed in many kinds of tumors. There was a significant correlation between the differential expression of OS and DFS in hepatocellular carcinoma and Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. At the same time, we also compared the degree of methylation between normal tissues and tumor tissues, and found that there were obvious methylation differences, such as liver cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, lung cancer and so on. We also evaluated the association between ITGA2 mutation and prognosis and found no significant association between ITGA2 mutation with OS. In addition, by predicting differences in the expression of ITGA2 in immunotherapy, we found that there were significant differences in the expression of ITGA2 in urothelial carcinoma, and explored the role and significance of ITGA2 in immune infiltration and biological process.
Conclusion: ITGA2 has been shown to play an important role in carcinogenesis in human tumors by pan-cancer analysis.
Optical and structural properties of nitrogen incorporated Ni doped Diamond-like Carbon thin films
Authors: Zarei Arezou , Momeni Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Co-depositing of nickel (Ni) and nitrogen (N2) in the diamond-like carbon (DLC) matrix was synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. In the work presented here, N2 was injected as a reactive gas to optimize the optical, and structural properties of Ni:N-DLC thin films, although N2 to argon (Ar) gas ratio was kept constant. Statistical properties of thin films were calculated from the surface topographic images of 2Ni:N-DLC, 3Ni:N-DLC, and 4Ni-N-DLC samples. The characterization of samples have been carried out by by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Band gap energies of 2Ni:N-DLC, 3Ni:N-DLC and 4Ni:N-DLC have been illustrated that the background N2 gas can be used for optimization of the electrical properties of Ni-DLC thin films.
Impaired auditory feedback prediction in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kim Kyunghee X. , Dale Corby L. , Ranasinghe Kamalini G. , Kothare Hardik , Beagle Alexander J. , Lerner Hannah , Mizuiri Danielle , Gorno-Tempini Maria Luisa , Vossel Keith , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Houde John F.
Published: November 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease involving cognitive impairment and abnormalities in speech and language. Here, we examine how AD affects the fidelity of auditory feedback predictions during speaking. We focus on the phenomenon of speaking-induced suppression (SIS), the auditory cortical responses’ suppression during auditory feedback processing. SIS is determined by subtracting the magnitude of auditory cortical responses during speaking from listening to playback of the same speech. Our state feedback control model of speech motor control explains SIS as arising from the onset of auditory feedback matching a prediction of that feedback onset during speaking – a prediction that is absent during passive listening to playback of the auditory feedback. Our model hypothesizes that the auditory cortical response to auditory feedback reflects the mismatch with the prediction: small during speaking, large during listening, with the difference being SIS. Normally, during speaking, auditory feedback matches its predictions, then SIS will be large. Any reductions in SIS will indicate inaccuracy in auditory feedback prediction not matching the actual feedback.
Methods: We investigated SIS in AD patients (n = 20; mean (SD) age, 60.77 (10.04); female (%), 55.00) and healthy controls (n = 12; mean (SD) age, 63.68 (6.07); female (%), 83.33) through magnetoencephalography-based functional imaging.
Results: We found a significant reduction in SIS at approximately 100 ms in AD patients compared to healthy controls (linear mixed effects model, F(1, 57.5) = 6.849, P= 0.011).
Conclusions: The results suggest that AD patients generate inaccurate auditory feedback predictions, contributing to abnormalities in AD speech.
Biomechanical Comparison of Polyether ether ketone and Titanium Rods for Novel Posterior Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery in a Canine Model
Authors: Wang Nanxiang , Lin Xin , Guo Hangyu , Xi Chunyang , Ji Ye , Yan Jinglong
Published: November 2022

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of posterior lumbar spine fusion with orthotopic paraspinal muscle-pediculated bone flaps. However, non-union due to poor mechanical support remains a concern. Flexible devices, such as PEEK, are superior to conventional rigid devices in facilitating union and reducing adjacent segmental movement. Here, we assessed whether PEEK rods can accelerate fusion and reduce adjacent segmental movement to prevent adjacent segment disease.
Methods: Thirty-two mongrel dogs were assigned randomly into two groups for lumbar fusion surgery: titanium rods (control group; n=16); PEEK rods (treatment group; n=16). Animals were killed 8 or 16 weeks after surgery. The lumbar spines were harvested, and spinal changes were analyzed by manual palpation, gross examination, 3D motion tests, 3D-CT reconstruction (for rate of fusion), and µCT (for 3D structures of the fusion masses). Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of BMP-2 and VEGF.
Results: The results indicated no significant differences in the lumbar spine of the control and treatment groups in terms of manual palpation, gross examination, 3D-CT reconstruction or range of movement (P>0.05). However, BMP-2 and VEGF expression was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 8 weeks (BMP-2, 106.7 ± 8.8 vs. 90.4 ± 9.6, respectively, P<0.05; VEGF: 71.1 ± 10.6 vs. 58.5 ± 12.4, respectively; P<0.05). Results from the µCT showed better 3D structures of the fusion masses and higher bone quality in the treatment group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: PEEK rods increase the rate and quality of fusion but provide a similar range of adjacent segment movement as titanium rods.
Significance of peripheral blood indicators in predicting tumor spread through air spaces and survival in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Na , Wu Junhua , Wang Tianli , Luo Danjv , He Jun , Wang Sihua , Chang Xiaona , Fan Jun , Nie Xiu
Published: November 2022

Objective: Tumor spread through air spaces(STAS) is a poor prognostic factor for early-stage non-small-cell cancers. This investigation sought to determine the correlations of preoperative peripheral blood parameters with STAS and survival outcomes in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 633 stage I ADC patients who underwent radical surgical resection for the presence of STAS using HE-stained pathological sections. The baseline clinicopathological features, preoperative peripheral blood indexes and follow-up data were analysed. Independent indicators of STAS were identified using multivariate logistic regression. Kaplan‒Meier analyses were used to examine overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate Cox regression analysis wasused to identifyindependent prognostic variables.
Results: STAS was discovered in 285 (45.0%) of the 633 patients. STAS positivity was related to gender, smoking status, disease stage, predominant histological pattern, and differentiation. The multivariate logistic regression identified a level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ≥5 ug/L and absolute monocyte count (AMC) ≥0.38 G/L as an independent predictor of STAS (p=0.005; p=0.013) among the hematological parameters. STAS positivity was an independent poor prognostic factor for RFS and OS in the CEA <5 µg/L subgroup but not in the CEA ≥5 µg/L subgroup (RFS: HR=2.616, 95% CI=1.414-4.839, p=0.002; OS: HR=5.534, 95% CI=1.186-25.816, p=0.029). In STAS-negative patients but not in STAS-positive patients, CEA demonstrated an independent predictive influence for recurrence and death (RFS: HR=6.488, 95% CI=2.475-17.010, p=0.005; OS: HR=19.569, 95% CI=2.487-153.983, p=0.005).
Conclusions: Preoperative hematological examination can be prioritised in predicting the presence of STAS, and CEA ≥5 ug/L and AMC ≥ 0.38 G/L were independent risk predictors for STAS in pathological stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Combining preoperative hematological markers with STAS can optimize the prediction of cancer mortality or recurrence following patient subclassification.
Application of Machine-Learning Algorithms in Outlier Detection in Well Logs
Authors: Talreja Rahul , Khan Asif Iqbal
Published: November 2022

The digital transformation in the oil and gas sector began because of two economic downturns. Literature review suggests an increasing work on outlier identification in geophysical well logs with some Exploration and Production companies have started working internally on this aspect as it consumes a significant amount of time for a geoscientist. While performing 1D geomechanical modelling, data preparation is the most time-consuming step, often demanding close to 4 to 5 hours. The data preparation steps include removing the outliers present in the well log data caused by the casing shoe, bad hole intervals, tool noise, and many other factors. Geoscientists invest hours to clean these outliers and handle the resulting missing values. Identification of outliers is mostly manual and missing data are replaced with simple methods based on linear, power, or exponential algorithms derived in a laboratory setup. In this work, seven different anomaly detection techniques were evaluated on well logs. The proposed workflow includes a combination of Z-score and Isolation Forest algorithms to clean and condition the data and handle missing values. The workflow then constructed the cleaned composite log data in quick time, which was then directly consumed by 1D geomechanical workflows. This workflow is a handy tool that adds value by saving time in data preparation. This study will redound to the benefit of geoscientists by saving significant amount of the time spent in the identification of outliers and hence reducing the overall turnaround time of modelling.
Dispersal potential does not predict recent range expansions of sub-Antarctic plant species
Authors: Mazibuko Nompilo , Greve Michelle , Roux Peter C.
Published: November 2022

Dispersal influences many key aspects of plant ecology at both fine- and broad scales. However, dispersal events are challenging to quantify as they are difficult to observe and measure accurately, despite the importance of understanding species’ dispersal capacity. In this study, we quantified dispersal estimates for the dominant vascular flora of sub-Antarctic Marion Island, using a mechanistic model to estimate dispersal potential via anemochory and standardised experiments that simulate dispersal events via zoochory, human activity, and thalassochory, to test if dispersal capacity correlates to contemporary range expansion of the island’s native and alien species. Our results demonstrate the broad range of dispersal potential in the island’s flora and represent the first quantification of the dispersal potential (via multiple vectors) of the dominant vascular flora in the sub-Antarctic. Dispersal potential was not related to range expansion rates of native or alien species, suggesting that other mechanisms are responsible for the variation observed in species range expansion rates. Although this finding contradicts expectations and evidence from some other studies, it is consistent with research conducted in alpine regions (which may be climatically and physiognomically similar to this sub-Antarctic study site) where factors such as demography and competition are more important predictors of species range expansion than their dispersal ability, dispersal syndromes, or dispersal-related traits.
Antiviral activity of Turbinaria ornata against white spot syndrome virus in freshwater crab (Paratelphusa hydrodromous)
Authors: Raja Bharath , Thaiparambil Naveen Arakkal , Desai Kariyanna B , Radhakrishnan Vidya , Raja Sudhakaran
Published: November 2022

White spot disease in penaeid shrimp is caused by white spot syndrome virus and causing serious threat to shrimp farming industry. The present study was carried out to determine the anti-viral activity of Turbinaria ornata against WSSV in freshwater carbs Paratelphusa hydrodromous. The crabs were injected with acetone extract of T. ornata along with WSSV and the experimental groups were observed for more than 60 days post-infection. The efficacy of the T. ornata acetone extract was confirmed by bioassay, histopathology, and in-silicoanalysis. The results of the present study confirmed that acetone extract of T. ornata has significant anti-viral activity against WSSV and it can be used as a possible prophylactic in shrimp culture for prevention of WSSV infection.
A3D: Physical Adversarial Attack on Visual Perception Module of Self-driving Cars
Authors: Abideen Zain Ul , Bute Muhammad Atif , Khalid Samina , Ahmad Iftikhar , Amin Rashid
Published: November 2022

Advancements in machine learning, especially tech­niques such as deep neural networks, are promoting a range of high-stakes applications, including autonomous driving, which often relies on deep learning for perception. While deep learning for perception has been shown to be vulnerable to a host of subtle adversarial manipulations of images, end-to-end demonstrations of successful attacks, which manipulate the physical environment and result in physical consequences, are scarce. We demonstrate the first end-to-end attacks on autonomous driving in simulation, using simple physically realizable attacks: the painting of black lines on the road. These attacks target deep neural network models for end-to-end autonomous driving control. A systematic investigation shows that such attacks are surprisingly easy to engineer, and we describe scenarios (e.g., right turns) in which they are highly effective, and others that are less vulnerable Our result shows how that physical adversarial attack decreased the accuracy of the state of the art network by up to 30%.
Genome analysis and elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway for the cRAS inhibitor rasfonin in Cephalotrichum gorgonifer
Authors: Schüller Andreas , Studt-Reinhold Lena , Berger Harald , Silvestrini Lucia , Labuda Roman , Güldener Ulrich , Gorfer Markus , Bacher Markus , Doppler Maria , Gasparotto Erika , Gattesco Arianna , Sulyok Michael , Strauss Joseph
Published: November 2022

Background
Fungi are important sources for bioactive compounds that find their applications in many important sectors like in the pharma-, food- or agricultural industries. In an environmental monitoring project for fungi involved in soil nitrogen cycling we also isolated Cephalotrichum gorgonifer (strain NG_p51). In the course of strain characterization work we found that this strain is able to naturally produce high amounts of rasfonin, a polyketide inducing autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis in human cell lines and shows anti-tumor activity in RAS-dependent cancer cells.
Results
In order to elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of rasfonin, the strain was genome sequenced, annotated, submitted to transcriptome analysis and genetic transformation was established. Biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) prediction revealed the existence of 22 BGCs of which the majority was not expressed under our experimental conditions. In silico prediction revealed two BGCs with a suite of enzymes possibly involved in rasfonin biosynthesis. Experimental verification by gene-knock out of the key enzyme genes showed that one of the predicted BGCs is indeed responsible for rasfonin biosynthesis.
Conclusions
The results of this study lay the ground for molecular biology focused research in Cephalotrichum gorgonifer. Furthermore, strain engineering and heterologous expression of the rasfonin BGC is now possible which allow both the construction of rasfonin high producing strains and biosynthesis of rasfonin derivates for diverse applications.
Synthesis of CoFe 2 O 4 @ZnMOF/Graphene nanoflake for photocatalytic degradation of diazinon under visible light irradiation: Optimization and modeling using a fractional factorial method
Authors: Roostaee Maryam , Sheikhshoaie Iran
Published: November 2022

One of the pesticides made of organophosphates is diazinon. If it persists in soil and water resources, it may endanger animal and human health. Here, Diazinon was photocatalytically degraded under visible light using CoFe2O4@ZnMOF/Graphene nanoflake (GNF) nanocomposite, which had not been used before for diazinon degradation. Initially, a CoFe2O4@ZnMOF /GNF with excellent optical characteristics was developed. This nanocomposite characterized with XRD, FESEM and TEM microscopy. Numerous factors influencing the photocatalytic degradation of diazinon were investigated using a fractional factorial design 24−1. The investigated factors were: the initial concentration of diazinon, the photocatalyst dosage, contact time and pH. According to the studies, these parameters have a significant impact on degradation efficiency. The highest experimental degradation efficiency achieved was 97.38%. The software determined that the optimum conditions were 10mg catalyst, 30 ppm Diazinon dosage, 90 min reaction time, and pH 9. The kinetics of diazinon photocatalytic degradation were investigated and reported to follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Finally, after five runs, the reusability of the CoFe2O4@Zn MOF-GNF photocatalyst demonstrated excellent chemical stability during the photocatalytic degradation of diazinon.
Bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited papers about the role of gut microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome from 2000 to 2021
Authors: Wan Changshan , Kong Xiangxu , Liao Yusheng , Chen Qiuyu , Chen Mengshi , Ding Qian , Liu Xiaotong , Zhong Weilong , Xu Chen , Liu Wentian , Wang Bangmao
Published: November 2022

Aim
Over the last few decades, gut microbiota research has been the focus of intense research and this field has become particularly important. This research aimed to provide a quantitative evaluation of the 100 most-cited articles on gut microbiota and IBS and highlight the most important advances in this field.
Methods
The database Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) was used to download the bibliometric information the top 100 most-cited papers. Microsoft Excel 2021, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R software, and an online analytical platform (https://bibliometric.com/) were was applied to perform bibliometric analysis of these papers.
Results
The total citation frequency in the top 100 article ranged from 274 to 2,324, with an average citation of 556.57. A total of 24 countries/regions made contributions to the top 100 cited papers, and USA, Ireland, and China were the most top three productive countries. Cryan JF was the most frequently nominated author, and of the top 100 articles, 20 listed his name. Top-cited papers mainly came from the Gastroenterology (n = 13, citations = 6,373) and Gut (n = 9, citations = 3,903). There was a significant citation path, indicating publications in molecular/biology/immunology primarily cited journals in molecular/biology/genetics fields. Keywords analysis suggested that the main topics on gut microbiota and IBS were mechanisms of microbiome in brain-gut axis." Behavior" was the keyword with the strongest burst strength (= 2.36), followed by “anxiety like behavior” (2.24), “intestinal microbiota” (2.19), and “chain fatty acid” (1.99), and “maternal separation” (1.95).
Conclusion
This study identified and provided the bibliometric information of the top 100 cited publications related to gut microbiota and IBS. The results provided a general overview of this topic and might help researchers to better understand the evolution, Influential findings and hotspots in researching gut microbiota and IBS, thus providing new perspectives and novel research ideas in this specific area.
Intracorporeal colonic anastomosis leads to enhanced recovery and reduced morbidity rates compared to extracorporeal anastomosis: a retrospective cohort study of 331 colonic resections
Authors: Cuk Pedja , Büyükuslu Musa , Möller Sören , Verwaal Victor Jilbert , Al-Najami Issam , Ellebaek Mark Bremholm
Published: November 2022

Background
The intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) technique is increasingly adopted in colonic surgery due to possible enhanced patient recovery and reduced morbidity rates compared to the extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) technique. This study compared the IA versus EA techniques in an implementation phase regarding short-term morbidity and surgical efficacy in segmental colonic resections for various etiology.
Method
We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients from 2015–2020 using the IA or EA technique at a Danish colorectal center. Comparative outcomes of interest were surgical efficacy and short-term morbidity rates. An inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis of clinically relevant outcomes was conducted to explore potential baseline confounding.
Results
We included 331 patients, 287 in the IA group and 44 in the EA group. The following was recorded in the IA compared to the EA group: i) enhanced recovery rate resulting in; a shorter hospital stay (3.1 days (2.9–5.1) vs. 4.1 days (3.2–6.2), p = 0.008), ii) a lower conversion rate to open surgery (0% vs. 5%, p = 0.017), and iii) a reduction in overall medical complications (15% vs. 34%, p = 0.005). Supplementary logistic regression and adjusted IPTW analysis showed the IA group had a reduction in intraoperative blood loss (mean difference = -62.31 mL, p = 0.015) and Clavien-Dindo grade 1–2 medical complication rates (relative risk reduction (RRR) = 0.33, p = 0.000).
Conclusion
Employment of the IA technique in segmental colonic cancer surgery is safe, resulting in improved patient recovery and postoperative morbidity rates compared to the EA technique.
Meritorious Health-seeking Behavior Evinced by Healthcare Workers in the Covid-19 Hit Kampala Capital City of Uganda; a Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Ssekitooleko Badru , Ssuna Bashir , Oleru Olive , Nalubega Madina , Tomusange Simon , Bua Emmanuel , Ssebuggwawo Jonathan , Nkonge Emmanuel , Ssewanyana Yasin , Atuhaire Shallon
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Health seeking behavior (HSB) is simply an action or inaction of an individual towards their health. For various, at times justifiable reasons, HSB is generally low among healthcare workers in Ugandans. However, this situation could have changed during the covid 19 pandemic era. We set out to assess for determinants of HSB among Healthcare Workers (HWs) in Public and Private Facilities in the Covid-19 hit Kampala capital city of Uganda.
Methods: This was a Cross-sectional study with an explanatory-sequential mixed methods design in which we consecutively recruited HWs from the selected health facilities during the study period and met eligibility criteria. A questionnaire was administered using the Open Data Toolkit system and data was later exported into STATA 17/MP for analysis. We summarized it in tables, graphs, mean and SD. Determinants of HSB were assessed using a modified Poison regression method with clustered robust standard errors. Qualitative data from focus group discussions was analyzed using Atlas.ti 9 using the inductive content analysis method.
Results: We recruited 579 HWs. The mean and standard deviation of their age was 35±7 years. Majority were females 322 (55.6%). Most of the participants (n=240, 41.5%) worked in government hospitals. Majority 80.5% [95%CI 77.0-83.6] had undergone a medical check-up in the past 12 months. The factors that positively influenced HSB were having a Diploma aPR =0.86 [95%CI: 0.79-0.93], P<0.001, being widowed aPR =1.17 [95%CI: 1.12-1.22], P<0.001, having 10+ years of working experience aPR = 1.07 [95%CI: 1.01-1.13], P= 0.028, having a chronic illness aPR =1.10 [95%CI: 1.03-1.17], P=0.004, having a family doctor aPR=1.12 [95%CI: 1.04-1.21], P=0.004. From the focus group discussions, participants described routine medical check-up as being advantageous, however, sighted barriers to good HSB such as; fear of the unknown, mistrust among colleagues with their confidentiality and busy schedules. The suggested facilitators of good HSB included; good hospital policies, waiver money for medical checkups and treatment, increase salaries, having CMEs, and increased awareness about good HSB practices.
Conclusions: Although not the desirable, commendable HSB was exhibited by HWs during the Covid-19 era a norm that must be replicated years after.
Design of two port dual band dual circularly polarized slot antenna with diversity for wireless application
Authors: Saini Rohit Kumar , Dwari Santanu , Kumar Pawan
Published: November 2022

In this article, a novel two-port dual-band dual-circularly polarized slot antenna with diversity is designed for wireless application. The antenna consists of a square slot, two asymmetric T-shaped feed lines in orthogonal direction protrude from signal lines, and an arrow shaped grounded stub at the inner corner of the ground slot between the two orthogonal feed lines at an angle of 45ᵒ. Orthogonal feed lines are used for generation of circular polarized waves. If we apply the excitation at another port the sense of circular polarization is interchange in both the bands of axial ratio. The lower band of axial ratio covers frequency range of 1.42-2.25GHz with 45.23% and fc 1 =1. 85GHz.Same for upper band covers frequency range of 3.43–3.65 GHz with 6.22% and fc 2 =3.3GHz. The two ports of antenna have isolation variation from 10 to12 dB and 17 to 18dB in the lower and upper band of axial ratio. The proposed antenna has isolation between lower and upper bands of impedance bandwidth also.
Exome sequencing in individuals with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT): a single-center experience
Authors: Hoefele Julia , Riedhammer Korbinian , Ćomić Jasmina , Tasic Velibor , Putnik Jovana , Abazi-Emini Nora , Stajić Nataša , Meitinger Thomas , Nushi-Stavileci Valbona , Berutti Riccardo , Braunisch Matthias , Paripovic Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

Individuals with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) show a broad spectrum of malformations. CAKUT can occur in an isolated fashion or as part of a syndromic disorder and can lead to end-stage kidney failure. A monogenic cause can be identified in approximately 12% of affected individuals. This study investigated a single-center CAKUT cohort analyzed by exome sequencing (ES). Emphasis was placed on the question whether diagnostic yield differs between certain CAKUT phenotypes (e.g., bilateral kidney affection, unilateral kidney affection or only urinary tract affection). 86 unrelated individuals with CAKUT were categorized according to their phenotype and analyzed by ES to identify a monogenic cause. Prioritized variants were rated according to recommendations of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Clinical Genomic Science. Diagnostic yields of different phenotypic categories were compared. Clinical data were collected using a standardized questionnaire. In the study cohort, 7/86 individuals had a (likely) pathogenic variant in the genes PAX2, PBX1, EYA1 or SALL1. Additionally, in one individual, a 17q12 deletion syndrome (including HNF1B) was detected. 62 individuals had a kidney affection, which was bilateral in 36. All solved cases (8/86, 9%) had bilateral kidney affection (diagnostic yield in subcohort: 8/36, 22%). Although the diagnostic yield in CAKUT cohorts is low, our single-center experience argues, that, in individuals with bilateral kidney affection, monogenic burden is higher than in those with unilateral kidney or only urinary tract affection.
Association between elevated plasma glucose levels and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Kammerhofer Gabor , Vegh Daniel , Joob-Fancsaly Arpad , Geczi Zoltan , Somogyi Kata Sara , Biczo Zita , Juhasz Donat Huba , Ujpal Marta , Vaszilko Mihaly Tamas , Nemeth Zsolt
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a type of jawbone necrosis caused by the use of drugs for some types of cancer and osteoporosis. Previous research has shown that normoglycemia plays an important rolein the development and treatment of oral lesions. The current study aimed to evaluate the associationsbetween chronic vascular disease, inflammation, and immune deficiency during dysglycemia and the developmentof MRONJ. Materials and Methods: Our research group investigated data collected between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. In total, 260 patients at the Inpatient Care Unit, Department of Oromaxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology, Semmelweis University were selected.
Results: There was a significant association between hyperglycemia and MRONJ. Vascular anomaly and immune dysfunction caused byhyperglycemia can leadto the development of necrosis after tooth extraction. The risk of jawbone necrosis can be reduced by premedication.
Conclusions: Ischemia is a complication of abnormal glucose level, which is a possible risk factor of MRONJ development. Hence, uncontrolled or poorly regulated plasma glucose levels can significantly increase the risk of jawbone necrosis.
Clinical relevance: Uncontrolled or poorly regulated plasma glucose levels significantly increasesthe risk of jawbone necrosis after invasive dental or oral surgical interventions. The number of patients with dysglycemia and anti-resorptive therapy is increasing. Therefore, patients with these conditions will be provided with medical care in dental offices more frequently.
The association between the problem list and chronic pain management
Authors: Rylee Tina L. , Copenhaver David , Drake Christiana , Joseph Jill
Published: November 2022

Background
Roughly a quarter of the US population suffers from moderate to severe chronic pain for at least six months in any given year. The complexity of managing chronic pain has encouraged providers to use innovative methods to address it. Research has shown that problem lists are potential tools that support the care of patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
Objectives
To examine the extent to which the inclusion of chronic pain in a problem list is associated with follow-up specialty pain care.
Methods
The association between chronic pain documentation on the problem list and specialty pain care was investigated in this retrospective cohort study using 4,531 patient records.
Results
Chronic pain documentation in the problem list was associated with higher odds of receiving specialty pain care. The most common diagnosis was chronic pain (69.7%). A migraine diagnosis was associated with decreased odds of receiving specialty care, and chronic pain syndrome was associated with increased odds of receiving specialty care compared with the other chronic pain groups.
Conclusion
Documenting chronic pain on the problem list was associated with a higher likelihood of patients receiving specialty pain care.
Laser-induced antibacterial coating on the surface of an individual titanium membrane designed by a neural network
Authors: Karlagina Yulia , Shelemanov Andrey , Zilberman Vladimir , Zernitckaia Ekaterina , Lovushkina Elizaveta , Zavialova Anastasia , Rogachev Kirill , Afanasiev Nikita , Kolobov Yuri , Manokhin Sergey , Evstropiev Sergey , Odintsova Galina
Published: November 2022

In modern dentistry dental implants are widely used to replace lost teeth. However, the placement of an implant may not be possible due to bone atrophy. One of the most modern ways to restore jawbone after atrophy is the use of barrier membranes. This paper proposes a method to design and create an improved barrier membranes using neural networks and laser technology. This development allows to obtain a personalized titanium membrane with a laser-induced antibacterial coating. At the first step the membrane is designed based on CT scan of the patient using 3D modeling software and convolutional neural network U-net, which allows us to reduce modeling time. The second step is to create membrane by micromilling from a titanium block. Finally, at the third step we create antibacterial membrane surface under laser oxidation and UV-activation of singlet oxygen production on the surface.
The performance of the MODY calculator in a non-Caucasian, mixed-race population diagnosed with diabetes mellitus before age 35 years
Authors: Junior Augusto Cezar Santomauro , Magalhães Áurea Luiza Fernandes , Motta Flávia Tedesco , Santana Lucas Santos , Franco Pedro Campos , Freitas Silvia Maria , Sanchez Jeniffer Johana Duarte , Costa-Riquetto Aline Dantas , Teles Milena G.
Published: November 2022

Backgroud: A maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) calculator has been described and validated for use in European Caucasians. This study evaluated its performance in Brazilians diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) before 35 years of age.
Methods: The electronic records of 391 individuals monitored between 1953 and 2020 at the diabetes clinic of a quaternary hospital in São Paulo were analyzed: 231 with type 1 DM (T1DM), 46 with type 2 (T2DM) and 114 with MODY. The MODY calculator was applied to the three groups. A receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated to obtain cut-off points for this population.
Results: The principal differences between the MODY and the T1DM and T2DM groups were body mass index, a positive family history of diabetes and mean HbA1c level. Age at diagnosis in the MODY group was only significantly different compared to the T2DM group. Specificity and sensitivity were good for the cut-off points of 40%, 50% and 60%, with the accuracy of the model for any of these cut-off points being >95%.
Conclusion: The capacity of the calculator to identify Brazilian patients with MODY was good. Values ≥60% proved useful for selecting candidates for MODY genetic testing, with good sensitivity and specificity.