bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Armed Conflict in Developing a Subculture of Hate and its Consequences
Authors: Attir Mustafa Omar
Published: June 2021

When Libyan youth took to the streets in a populist uprising in 2011, which became known as the 17 February 2011 revolution, many Libyans thought they were on the verge of removing one of the most vicious dictators of the twentieth century, Muammar Gaddafi, and building a new democratic state. Gaddafi responded forcefully, hoping to eliminate the movement in its infancy. But clashes between Gaddafi’s forces and those who took to streets soon turned into a civil war, during which Libyan society was split into twomajor groups: one supporting the uprising, the other the regime. In addition to armed conflict, these warring groups regarded each other with contempt, generated slander, and accused each other of betrayal, using words and phrases in a discourse of hate speech. This vocabulary of hate manifested in demonstrations and social media. Eight months later Gaddafi was dead, and the political system he built over four decades collapsed. But the war did not stop: yesterday’s allies became enemies, competing for political and economic gains. The number of contesting groups expanded as different clans, tribes, and cities joined the fray for personal gains. Strategies and techniques first used during the Libyan uprisingwere applied in the civilwar, and are still manifest today. Every militia has a Facebook page, owns a television station, or has access to one. These media have been widely used to spread hate speech and to widen the rift between neighbors, creating refugees and internally displaced people. At least five cities became ghost towns during the uprising. When the concept of subculture first appeared in the sociological literature, it referred to members of a group that behaved according to a set of values and norms that deviated from those of mainstream society. Reviewing the language of militia members and their supporters that is articulated in social media or on television, it becomes obvious that such language has devolved into hate speech, creating social fragmentation among Libyans. This language has created a new set of values and norms in Libya that are different from preexisting mainstream Libyan culture. The new language has created a subculture of hate, which serves to sustain and accelerate continuing divisions within Libya, while further fragmenting the social fabric of the country.
Malleability of Statistical Perception: Impact of Validity Presentation on College Admission Test Policy Preferences
Authors: Zhang Don C. , Wai Jonathan
Published: June 2021

Research evidence in the social sciences often relies on effect size statistics, which are hard to understand for the public and do not always provide clear information for decision-makers. One area where interpretation of research evidence has profound effects on policy is college admission testing. In this paper, we conducted two experiments testing how different effect size presentations affect validity perception and policy preferences toward standardized admission tests (e.g., ACT, SAT). We found that compared to traditional effect size statistics (e.g., correlation coefficient), participants perceived admission tests to be more predictively valid when the same evidence was presented using an alternative effect size presentation. The perceived validity of the admission test was also positively associated with admission test policies (e.g., test-optional policy) preferences. Our findings show that policy preferences toward admission tests depend on the perception of statistical evidence, which is malleable and depends on how evidence is presented.
Factors related to mortality by pneumonia unrelated to mechanical ventilation
Authors: Sanches Jucinay Phaedra Silva , Tiroli Carla Fernanda , Silva Erika Bernardo da , Paulino Gabriela Machado Ezaias , Kerbauy Gilselena , Belei Renata Aparecida , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti
Published: June 2021

Objective: to analyze the factors related to mortality by nosocomial pneumonia unrelated to mechanical ventilation. Methods: retrospective cohort study with a sample acquired using the 538 notification forms for health care-related infections. The relative risk was calculated and a multivariable analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with a significance level of 5%. Results: the multivariable analysis showed that being under 59 years old and taking only one antimicrobial drug were protective factors against death. The main microorganisms responsible for the increase in the risk of death were: Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and species of Candida (Candida spp). Conclusion: the factors related to mortality were being 60 years old or older, using two or more antimicrobial substances, and being affected by the microorganisms Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and species of Candida (Candida spp).
Significados das vivências de profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Nasi Cíntia , Marcheti Priscila Maria , Oliveira Elda de , Rezio Larissa de Almeida , Zerbetto Sonia Regina , Queiroz Aline Macêdo de , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Tisott Zaira Letícia , Moreira Wanderson Carneiro , Nóbrega Maria do Perpétuo Socorro de Sousa
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: compreender os significados que os profissionais de enfermagem atribuem às suas vivências no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo qualitativo com 719 profissionais. Os dados foram coletados virtualmente e processados pelo Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires. A análise foi conduzida à luz do referencial teórico-filosófico da Sociologia Fenomenológica. Resultados: da análise dos discursos emergiram quatro categorias: significados das vivências relacionadas a si; significados das vivências relacionadas com o outro; significados das vivências relacionadas com as condições de trabalho; significado das vivências diante das incertezas do futuro. Conclusão: as vivências são marcadas pelo sofrimento em relação aos aspectos pessoais, às suas redes de convivência e ao próprio mundo do trabalho. Estratégias que apoiem esses profissionais atualmente e em cuidados continuados em médio e longo prazo precisam ser estabelecidas com vistas a preservar sua saúde mental.
Strategies employed by EFL teachers at a Vocational High School for selecting appropriate English textbook
Authors: Maftukah Siti , Astuti Puji
Published: June 2021

Textbook is a tool which functions as a manual instruction in any branch of study included in language learning. Therefore, teachers should select an appropriate English textbook to support the learning activity because it have a big influence in the learning process. This study is about strategies of EFL teachers at a vocational high school in Semarang for selecting appropriate English textbook. The main purpose of this study was to investigate teachers’ strategies in selecting appropriate English textbook and dr.  This study drew from the teachers regarding their criteria in selecting appropriate English textbook. Hence, this is a qualitative study that investigate the EFL teachers as the subjects. In collecting the data, we used open ended interview, questionnaire, and document analysis checklist. This study eployed theory of Garinger (2002) and BNSP by Permendikbud (2013) to analyse the data in order to know the strategies and the criteria used by the teachers in selecting appropriate English textbook. Based on the interview and the questionnaire, the finding showed there are some strategies in selecting appropriate textbook: teacher matched the textbook with the 2013 curriculum, read the KI, KD, Syllabus and learning objective. The data showed that all teachers select textbook based on their chosen, so that they were free to choose their textbook to support learning activity. However, some teachers select textbook by involving administrator and head school. There are also some textbook criteria there are: considering the goals and curriculum, textbook series, learning objective in the textbook, the age and background of the students, the availability and the effective cost. Based on the document analysis checklist, this research showed that the criteria of appropriate textbook in line with the Garinger (2002) and 2013 curriculum aspects based on BNSP. Next, the teachers also considered about the price of the textbook that must be cost effective and the textbook is easy to obtain. We argue that the identified strategies and criteria can be used as a consideration by English teachers to selectan appropriate English textbook.
Integrating Peace Education in Literature Class
Authors: Istiani Imas , Anam Zuhrul
Published: June 2021

The increasing cases of terrorism and extremism unite practitioners and theoreticians to put serious attention to the role of education for peacebuilding. However, finding an appropriate strategy connecting literature education to peacebuilding is challenging. Thus, the study explored the effectiveness of engaging suitable literary works to be used at schools to convey a peaceful message through To Kill a Mockingbird (TKAM) and The Kite Runner (TKR). The study was conducted in 4 classes of Literary Work Analysis course of IAIN Syekh Nurjati students in the second semester of 2018/2019 by applying Wahyudin’s (2018) five factors of peace education implementation in the classrooms. The study aimed to 1) investigate how to integrate peace education into the literature class and 2) elucidate the students' perception of peace education in the integrated literature class. It was found that applying peace education should consider 1) objectives, 2) subject contents, 3) methods and strategies, 4) media, and 5) learning evaluation. Students also perceived and learned about peace education by addressing some related issues in their papers and a survey.
When defects dominate: Rheology of nanofibrillated cellulose suspensions
Authors: Hubbe Martin A.
Published: June 2021

Conventional rheological tests can be difficult to carry out in the case of suspensions of nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Such suspensions tend to migrate away from the walls of a rheometer device, leaving a low-viscosity layer. The very high aspect ratio of typical nanofibrillated cellulose particles favors formation of tangled clusters. But application of hydrodynamic shear can cause fragmentation of those clusters. It is proposed in this essay that some focus be placed on the fragments of entangled clusters of NFC and interactions between them at their fractured surfaces. The condition of near-uniform, defect-free structures of nanocellulose spanning the volume within a sheared suspension might be regarded as an unlikely circumstance. Isaac Newton started with a very simple equation to start to understand rheology. It is proposed that a similarly bold and simplified approach may be needed to account for the effects of broken entangled clusters of NFC on flow phenomena, their assessment, and their consequences related to industrial processes.
Variabilidad genética del ADN mitocondrial de Vultur gryphus (cóndor andino) en Cusco y Apurímac a partir de plumas de muda
Authors: Quispe Montoya Ramón Gustavo , Ochoa José Antonio , Mayta Malpartida Holger
Published: June 2021

La variabilidad genética intrapoblacional de Vultur gryphus (cóndores andinos) de las regiones de Cusco y Apurímac fue evaluada mediante amplificación y secuenciación del ADN mitocondrial correspondientes a la región control y subunidad ribosomal 12S (D-Loop-ARNr12S), y a los genes Citocromo Oxidasa subunidad I (COI) y NADH deshidrogenasa subunidad II (ND2). El ADN se extrajo a partir de cálamos de plumas de muda de ejemplares en cautiverio y silvestres. Se analizaron los principales índices de diversidad genética como son: la diversidad haplotípica, la diversidad nucleotídica, el número promedio de diferencias nucleotídicas y el número de sitios polimórficos. La tasa de éxito de amplificación mediante PCR fue de 100% para las tres regiones de ADN analizadas. Se secuenció 600 pb de la región D-Loop-ARNr12S caracterizándose cuatro haplotipos, 704 pb del gen COI caracterizándose seis haplotipos y 1090 pb del gen ND2 caracterizándose cinco haplotipos. El gen COI presentó el mayor valor de diversidad haplotípica (Hd = 0.468), la región del gen D-Loop-ARNr12S presentó el mayor índice de diversidad nucleotídica (π = 0.00086), mientras que el gen COI presentó el mayor número promedio de diferencias nucleotídicas (K = 0.52615). Los resultados muestran bajos niveles de variabilidad genética en los genes mitocondriales de los cóndores andinos de la zona de estudio, que indicarían una población con estructura genética homogénea.
Nuevos registros de Puya (Bromeliaceae) en el departamento de Lambayeque, Perú
Authors: Ayasta José E. , Juarez Ana M. , Escurra Josefa
Published: June 2021

Este estudio proporciona una lista comentada de las especies de Puya (Bromeliaceae) registradas en el departamento de Lambayeque, Perú. Se reportan un total de cinco especies, de las cuales cuatro se registran por primera vez y una de ellas se confirma como endemismo de los Andes del Departamento. Las ecorregiones donde se encuentran corresponden al Bosque Seco estacional (BSe), la transición Matorral Desértico-Bosque Seco (MD-BS) y Jalca (JA). Se presenta una clave para las especies reportadas y se discuten las razones de los endemismos, amenazas y sus criterios de categorización.
El registro fósil de plesiosaurios (Diapsida, Sauropterygia) en el Perú
Authors: Meza-Velez Ivan , O'Gorman José
Published: June 2021

Se realiza un recuento de los registros de plesiosaurios de Perú y se describe material referido a plesiosauria depositado en el Museo de Historia Natural de la UNMSM.El registro de plesiosaurios de Perú se extiende entre el Valanginiano-Hauteriviano (Cretácico Inferior) hasta el Maastrictiano (Cretácico Superior). En relación con la posición taxonómica, el material es referible a Plesiosauria indet., Elasmosauridae indet., mientras que el nuevo material estudiado es posiblemente referible a Pliosauroidea indet., constituyendo el primer registro de este grupo en el Perú. Asimismo, el plesiosaurio del Morro Solar es el único del Cretácico Inferior y el más antiguo de Perú.
Gender disparities in health at older ages and their consequences for well-being in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Nepomuceno Marília R. , di Lego Vanessa , Turra Cássio M.
Published: June 2021

Women live longer but can expect to spend more years in poorer health compared to men. In the context of population aging and declining gender ratios at older ages, there are increasing concerns about how this disadvantage in female health will affect well-being and sustainability, particularly in developing regions that are rapidly aging. Our study compares differences in health expectancies at older ages for men and women in order to assess gender disparities in health.We use data from the Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean to decompose the gender gap into total and age-specific mortality and disability effects in seven cities in the region. Our results show that at older ages, higher disability rates among women reduced the gender gap in healthy life expectancy by offsetting women’s mortality advantage. In addition, we find that women’s mortality advantage decreased almost systematically with age, which reduced the contribution of the mortality effect to the gender gap at older ages. Although the gender gap in health followed a similar pattern across the region, its decomposition into mortality and disability effects reveals that there was substantial variation among cities. Thus, across the region, the implications of the gender gap in health for well-being vary, and the policies aimed at reducing this gap should also differ.
Echocardiographic Changes in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease at Initiation of Dialysis
Authors: Nazneen Shabana , Latief Muzamil , Yadla Manjusha
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Echocardiography is a simple and established method of evaluating cardiac functions, assessing left ventricle geometry, and systolic and diastolic functions. Patients with chronic kidney disease have a tremendous burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at a greater risk of CVD and deaths.Materials and Methods: In this study, 245 incident dialysis patients were included, and none of the patient was on erythropoietin. All the patients were aged >18 years. Patients with ESRD, already on maintenance dialysis, were not included in this study. Patient’s data such as demographic details, comorbidities, laboratory values, echocardiographic changes, management, and outcome were recorded.Results: Out of 245 patients, 165 (67.3%) were males and 80 (32.6%) females. The mean age of the patients was 49.7 years. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was observed in 188 (76.7%), mild left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) in 25.7%, moderate LVD in 23.67%, severe LVD in 8.5%, global hypokinesia in 33.8%, valvular heart disease in 26.5%, regional wall motion abnormality in 4.4%, and pericardial effusion in 1.6% patients. Echocardiographic changes, such as LVD, LVH, and global hypokinesia, were observed in greater number in hypertensive group com-pared to normotensive group (P < 0.05). On regression analysis adjusted for age and gender, we found that hypertension and anemia (<10 g/dL) were associated with LVH. Further, hypertension and anemia (Hb < 10 g/dL) were associated with LVD. Similarly, anemia (Hb < 10 g/dL) was associated with global hypokinesia and valvular heart disease. LVD was associated with death in our study.Conclusion: Echocardiography is a noninvasive diagnostic test which detects early changes in cardiac parameters. All ESRD patients with hypertension and anemia at the time of initiation of renal replacement therapy must undergo echocardiography screening.
As redes sociais como meio de prova no processo civil
Authors: Costa Juliana Batista , Batista Daniela Pozza
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho pretende compreender a evolução social diante da era tecnológica dentro do processo civil, especificamente na produção de provas através das redes sociais. As redes sociais fazem parte da vida das pessoas, em um contexto social onde a sociedade vive conectada, expondo suas atividades cotidianas em uma rede com milhões de usuários, é através dessas plataformas que se pode alcançar a informação sobre qualquer coisa, inclusive sobre dados pessoais. No decorrer do trabalho serão observadas todas as fases processuais até o momento da fase probatória, levantando as suas características, bem como o conceito de prova, seus meios e formas de produção. A mutação da sociedade através da internet será respaldada com o estudo de Leis específicas, como o Marco Civil da Internet e outras leis referentes à política de privacidade estabelecida na plataforma de comunicação para que, assim, haja a compreensão da corriqueira existência de prints das redes sociais nos processos, utilizadas como prova documental eletrônica e a forma de adaptação e recepção tanto do ordenamento jurídico quanto do Poder Judiciário dessa nova modalidade de prova.
ESSENTIAL OILS OBTAINED FROM EUCALYPTUS AND CYMBOPOGON LEAVES BY STEAM DISTILLATION FOR MAKING NATURAL MIXTURE HAVING EFFECT AS A MOSQUITO REPELLENT
Authors: Nguyen Ba Van , Ngân Tran Thi Kieu , Ngoc Nguyen Thi My , Hang Ngo Nguyen Thuy , Chau Nguyen Thi Ngoc , Tay Hua Hoang , Dong Nguyen Kim
Published: June 2021

Abstract-HCTN7. Natural essential oils of plant have been applied over the world becausef these biosafety natural compounds. Applicant levels from the steaming pot among the common people to the raw essential oils or pure extract essence from original natural sources for making special products. Eucalyptus essential oil obtains from Eucalyptus leaves contain 998 mg/L α-eucalyptol, Cymbopogon essential oil obtains from lemon grasses contain 64,8% citral. These essential oils have been paid attention because of there were abundant raw materials in the Mekong Delta area. Therefore, the study was conducted to aim of extracting essential oils from Eucalyptus and Cymbopogon leaves as well as examminate their effect on mosquito repellent. The factors affecting the amount of extracted oils are the time to withered materials (0 h; 2.5 h; 5 h), how the way to preliminary treatment of the materials (crushing or without crushing), the distilled water aidding (400 mL, 500 mL, 600 mL)/300g materials, the distillation time (2 h; 2.5 h; 3 h). The data was evaluated by statistical program. Mixing ratio of Cymbopogon oil: Eucalyptus oil: coconut oil, one of the important criteria to be investigated for evaluating the ability to repel mosquitoes is in turn (40:10:50), (35:15:50), (30:20:50). Experimental results reveal that crushing (Cymbopogon), without crushing (Eucalyptus) of fresh materials, 500 mL of distilled water aidding, 3 h of distillation time were the best during the oil extraction process. The contents of mixing formula of the Cymbopogon essiential oil: Eucalyptus essiential oil: coconut oil (40: 10: 50) is the most effective with the ability to falling mosquitoes only after 5 minutes and killing 84.67% mosquitoes after 24 hours. The natural mixture of Cymbopogon oil, Eucalyptus oil, and coconut oil, safety for human health and more friendly to the environment.Keywords: Coconut oil, Eucalyptus essential oil, Eucalyptus leaves, Cymbopogon essential oil, Cymbopogon leaves, mosquito repellent, steam distillation.Classification numbers:1.4.6.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDE FROM RED ALGAE BETAPHYCUS GELATINUS
Authors: Van Van Thi Thanh , Vo Hieu Mai Nhu , Cao Hang Thi Thuy , Phan Trinh Thi Hoai , Tran Duc Mai , Quach Thu Thi Minh , Thanh Thuy Thi Thu
Published: June 2021

In this paper, sulfated polysaccharides were extracted from red algae Betaphycus gelatinus species collected at Ninh Thuan sea by using several extraction methods. The structural characteristics of sulfated polysaccharides was investigated by IR and NMR methods. The results indicated that polysaccharide from Betaphycus gelatinus identified as hybrid carrageenan, mainly composed of β-carrageenan, κ-carrageenan and g-carrageenan. Biological activity evaluation showed that the sulfated polysaccharides possessed antioxidant activity with different levels.
ON MODELS WITH WOBBLING DISK FOR BRAKE SQUEAL
Authors: Nguyen Thai Minh Tuan , Gräbner Nils
Published: June 2021

Among many mathematical models of disk brakes for the explanation of brake squeal, models with wobbling disk have their own advantage over planar models. Applying a recently developed matrix form of Euler equations in rigid body dynamics, the equations establishment process can now be performed with almost all popular computing software. Furthermore, the presented models are more generalized in terms of damping, in-plane vibration, and unsymmetrical mounting.
Efeitos vocais imediatos produzidos pelo dispositivo Shaker® em mulheres com e sem queixa vocal
Authors: Siqueira Aline Cristiane Oliveira de , Santos Naiara Elizabeth Pereira dos , Souza Bárbara Oliveira , Nogueira Lorena Luiza Costa Rosa , Furlan Renata Maria Moreira Moraes
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar as modificações acústicas e de autopercepção obtidas após o primeiro, terceiro, quinto e sétimo minuto de prática da técnica de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada, realizada com o dispositivo Shaker®. Método Participaram do estudo 27 mulheres com idade entre 18 e 41 anos com e sem queixa vocal. A vogal sustentada /ε/ foi registrada em tempo máximo de fonação antes (pré-exercício) e após o primeiro, terceiro, quinto e o sétimo minuto de execução da técnica de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada com o dispositivo Shaker®. Foi realizada a análise acústica dos seguintes parâmetros: ruído, frequência fundamental, glottal to noise excitation, Jitter, Shimmer e número de harmônicos. Resultados Não houve diferenças significativas na comparação dos parâmetros acústicos entre as participantes com e sem sintomas vocais. Observou-se melhora na autopercepção do desconforto vocal nos grupos das mulheres com e sem sintomas vocais, comparando-se o momento antes da prática com o primeiro e terceiro minutos de prática. Houve redução dos valores de Jitter, ao comparar o momento antes da prática com os momentos após um e sete minutos e ao comparar os momentos após cinco e sete minutos de exercício, no grupo de mulheres com sintomas vocais. Conclusão A técnica com o Shaker® mostrou resultados positivos, tanto em indivíduos com sintomas quanto em indivíduos sem sintomas vocais.
Doğu Karadeniz Kırsal Cami Mimarisinin Hayata Tutunuşu: Dernekpazarı Kondu Güney Mahallesi Camisi ve Restorasyonu
Authors: ÇALIK İsmet , KONAK Emine
Published: June 2021

Geleneksel mimari, bulunulan coğrafyada, iklim ve üretim şartlarına göre oluşan, halkın gelenekleri, töresi, yaşam biçimi, dini inanışları ve toplumsal hafızasıyla yoğrularak ortaya çıkan bir üsluptur. Geleneksel mimari literatüründe kırsal mimari önemli yer tutmaktadır. Kırsal mimari dokuyu oluşturan yapılar; korunma ve restorasyon bakımından şehir merkezlerindeki özdeşleri veya anıt eserlerden daha dezavantajlı durumda sayılabilecekken şanslı olanların bilinçli restorasyon uygulamaları ile sürdürülebilirlikleri sağlanmaktadır. Genellikle işlev odaklı, kendine has ölçü ve mimari planlaması ile öne çıkan kırsal mimari yapılar; çoğunlukla ekonomik sebeplerle süsleme yönünden zengin unsurlar içermemektedir. Ancak Trabzon Solaklı Vadisindeki özellikle Vakıf yoluyla vücuda gelen camiler, süsleme programları bakımından birçok kırsal cami yapısından farklı olarak ahşap oyma süslemeciliğin üst düzey örneklerini barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında bu örneklerden olan Trabzon Dernekpazarı Kondu Güney Mahallesi Camiinin vakıf kayıtları, mimari ve süsleme özelikleri ile Trabzon Vakıflar Bölge Müdürlüğü tarafından 2018-2019 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen restorasyon çalışmaları sunulmuştur. Eserde yapılan uygulamaların arşiv niteliğinde belgelenmesi, gelecek değerlendirme ve müdahalelere ışık tutması hedeflenmektedir.
El intercambio académico ante la pandemia Covid-19: caso específico de los estudiantes de Educación Superior de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León.
Authors: Martínez Lara Sandy Elizabeth , Melchor Rodríguez Emma , Leyva Cordero Oswaldo
Published: June 2021

La pandemia ocasionada por el virus Covid-19 vino a generar múltiples cambios en el sector empresarial y el sector académico. En este sentido, la Educación Superior ha presentado grandes transformaciones en los modelos académicos, la innovación en el uso de tecnología y capacitación a profesores y estudiantes. Los objetivos principales radican en determinar la importancia del consumo de información sobre el Covid-19 por los estudiantes, conocer la situación que atravesaron e identificar los sentimientos percibidos, es decir, comprender el estado de ánimo, conocer el apoyo brindado por la institución receptora hacia los estudiantes extranjero y las medidas de prevención que tomaron durante los meses de pandemia. A través de una metodología cuantitativa de corte transversal y correlacional, mediante diversas pruebas estadísticas de fiabilidad, descriptivas y comprobación de hipótesis; dentro de los principales resultados se encontró una relación positiva entre las variables de investigación, mismas que ocasionaron que los estudiantes de Educación Superior de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León pudieran concluir de manera satisfactoria su programa de movilidad académica. Finalmente, concluimos que, los estudiantes que se encontraban de movilidad académica al momento de surgir la pandemia pudieron completar programa de movilidad de manera satisfactoria, regresar a su país de manera segura y continuar con su formación universitaria.
Examining the Differential Rater Functioning in the Process of Assessing Writing Skills of Middle School 7th Grade Students
Authors: ERMAN ASLANOĞLU Aslıhan , ŞATA Mehmet
Published: June 2021

When students present writing tasks that require higher order thinking skills to work, one of the most important problems is scoring these writing tasks objectively. The fact that raters give scores below or above their performance based on several environmental factors affects the consistency of the measurements. Inconsistencies in scoring negatively affect the validity and reliability of student performance and cause the scores obtained to be questioned. In regard to the validity and reliability of these measurements, it is significant to identify the rater behavior and correct the sources of error. This study aims to analyze the differential rater functioning (DRF), which is one of the problematic rater behaviors, in evaluating compositions written by middle school 7th-grade students within the scope of the Turkish course. 86 students attending a public school were participated the study. Students' compositions were rated using an analytical rubric by 8 teachers from different institutions. In this correlational research, the many facet Rasch model was used, and five variables including students, raters’ and, students’ gender, students’ qualification, and evaluation criteria were examined. it was examined whether the raters show DRF on an individual and group basis based on the dual interaction analysis, including the gender of the student x rater and the student's competence x rater. The findings have revealed that DRF at the group level does not interfere with the measurements, while the individual level DRF is involved in the measurements. It was determined that the level of DRF mixing in the measurements of successful students was the lowest. Especially rigid and lenient raters were found to show DRF. In the present study, it was observed that the raters showing DRF was also the most lenient raters, while these raters did not show DRF in terms of the gender of the student.
Study Protocol: The Association of Postoperative Opioid Prescribing and Persistent Opioid Use v1
Authors: not provided rhow , Gunaseelan Vidhya , not provided mbicket
Published: June 2021

This retrospective cohort study will investigate the incidence of new persistent opioid use between patients prescribed opioids after surgery versus patients not prescribed opioids after surgery. Patients are included if they underwent one of nine procedural categories between January 1, 2017 and October 31, 2019. The primary exposure of interest is being prescribed an opioid upon hospital discharge. The primary outcome is the incidence of new persistent opioid use between groups, defined as filling at least one opioid prescription between post-discharge days 4-90 and filling at least one opioid prescription between post-discharge days 91-180. Secondary outcomes are the incidence of new persistent opioid use by each procedure, the incidence of new persistent use among patients who received a postoperative opioid prescription by quartiles of total prescription size, and a sensitivity analysis to compare new persistent use among patients who experienced a 30-day clinic event and patients who did not experience a 30-day clinical event. Multivariable logistic regression models will be used to adjust for demographic and clinical differences between study groups.
Determining Protein Concentration of Cell-free Extract v1
Authors: Kightlinger Weston
Published: June 2021

Cell-free protein synthesis reactions require high-quality, active extracts to produce high yields of protein therapeutics, enzymes, antigens, vaccines, and other proteins. One way of assessing extract quality and lysis efficiency during cell-free extract preparation is to determine its overall protein concentration. This can be done using a Bradford assay. Read more on cell-free protein synthesis here: https://www.swiftscalebio.com/blog/cell-free-protein-synthesis
Total lactate dehydrogenase calorimetric enzyme activity measurement v1
Authors: Sriram Renuka
Published: June 2021

Lactate Dehydrogenase is a key cytoplasmic enzyme that confers the observed Warburg effect in tumors. Its a tetrameric protein composed of combinations of one or two isomers. This protein catalyzes the reversible reaction This reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by observing the reduction in absorbance of NADH (which is maximal at 420nm) as pyruvate is converted to lactate. This protocol, details the steps involved in such a calorimetric assay of cells and tissues.
Bioluminescence-based Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing of fungal extracts against Mycobacterium abscessus v1
Authors: Wiles Siouxsie , Grey Alex
Published: June 2021

There is a real and urgent need for new antibiotics which are able to kill Mycobacteria. This group of bacteria includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a deadly human pathogen that latently infects a third of the world’s population. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and totally-drug resistant (TDR) isolates have also now evolved. Of increasing importance in many countries are the Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM), mycobacterial species which are common soil and water contaminants. Many NTM are able to cause chronic lung and skin and soft tissue infections, especially in patients with suppressed immune systems. One example are members of the Mycobacterium abscessus complex. M. abscessus infections are difficult to treat due to antibiotic resistance and new compounds that target this group are much needed. Because of the slow growth of many mycobacterial species, we routinely use luciferase-tagged strains (1) for our assays. As bacteria only produce light when alive, bioluminescence is an excellent non-destructive real-time reporter to assay for anti-mycobacterial activity in microtitre plate formats using a luminometer (2-4) or in vivo using sensitive imaging equipment (5). This protocol is modified from the method described by Dalton et al (4). References: Andreu N, Zelmer A, Fletcher T, Elkington PT, Ward TH, Ripoll J, Parish T, Bancroft GJ, Schaible UE, Robertson BD, Wiles S (2010). Optimisation of bioluminescent reporters for use with Mycobacteria. PLOS One. 5(5): e10777 (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010777). Andreu N, Fletcher T, Krishnan N, Wiles S, Robertson BD (2012). Rapid measurement of antituberculosis drug activity in vitro and in macrophages using bioluminescence. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 67(2): 404-14 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr472). Dalton JP, Uy B, Phummarin N, Copp BR, Denny WA, Crosier PS, Swift S, Wiles S (2016). Effect of common and experimental anti-tuberculosis treatments on Mycobacterium tuberculosis growing as biofilms. PeerJ. 4:e2717 (doi: 10.7717/peerj.2717). Dalton JP, Uy B, Okuda K, Hall CJ, Denny WA, Crosier PS, Swift S, Wiles S (2017). Screening of anti-mycobacterial compounds in a naturally infected zebrafish embryo model. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 72(2):421-427 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw421). Andreu N, Zelmer A, Sampson SL, Ikeh M, Bancroft GJ, Schaible UE, Wiles S, Robertson BD (2013). Rapid in vivo assessment of drug efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using an improved firefly luciferase. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 68(9):2118-27 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt155).
Bioluminescence-based Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) testing of fungal extracts against Mycobacterium marinum v1
Authors: Wiles Siouxsie , Grey Alex
Published: June 2021

There is a real and urgent need for new antibiotics which are able to kill Mycobacteria. This group of bacteria includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a deadly human pathogen that latently infects a third of the world’s population. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and totally-drug resistant (TDR) isolates have also now evolved. Due to the difficulties and dangers involved in culturing M. tuberculosis, an airborne Biosafety Level 3 pathogen, faster-growing, and less pathogenic mycobacterial species are routinely exploited for TB research and anti-mycobacterial drug discovery. M. marinum shares conserved virulence determinants with M. tuberculosis and is a pathogen of ectotherms (fish, amphibians, and reptiles), as well as causing granulomatous skin infections in humans. Because of the slow growth of many mycobacterial species, we routinely use luciferase-tagged strains (1) for our assays. As bacteria only produce light when alive, bioluminescence is an excellent non-destructive real-time reporter to assay for anti-mycobacterial activity in microtitre plate formats using a luminometer (2-4) or in vivo using sensitive imaging equipment (5). This protocol is modified from the method described by Dalton et al (4). References: Andreu N, Zelmer A, Fletcher T, Elkington PT, Ward TH, Ripoll J, Parish T, Bancroft GJ, Schaible UE, Robertson BD, Wiles S (2010). Optimisation of bioluminescent reporters for use with Mycobacteria. PLOS One. 5(5): e10777 (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010777). Andreu N, Fletcher T, Krishnan N, Wiles S, Robertson BD (2012). Rapid measurement of antituberculosis drug activity in vitro and in macrophages using bioluminescence. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 67(2): 404-14 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr472). Dalton JP, Uy B, Phummarin N, Copp BR, Denny WA, Crosier PS, Swift S, Wiles S (2016). Effect of common and experimental anti-tuberculosis treatments on Mycobacterium tuberculosis growing as biofilms. PeerJ. 4:e2717 (doi: 10.7717/peerj.2717). Dalton JP, Uy B, Okuda K, Hall CJ, Denny WA, Crosier PS, Swift S, Wiles S (2017). Screening of anti-mycobacterial compounds in a naturally infected zebrafish embryo model. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 72(2):421-427 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw421). Andreu N, Zelmer A, Sampson SL, Ikeh M, Bancroft GJ, Schaible UE, Wiles S, Robertson BD (2013). Rapid in vivo assessment of drug efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using an improved firefly luciferase. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 68(9):2118-27 (doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt155).
Link Github to Puhti v1
Authors: J J. Ponsero Alise
Published: June 2021

How to connect your github account to a local machine or an HPC cluster (example at Puhti CSC)
Perbedaan hasil belajar dan self-efficacy pada siswa yang diberikan feedback setelah penggunaan Quizizz dengan Plickers
Authors: Oktafianti Fitria , Machmudin Dadang , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: June 2021

This study aims to determine the differences learning outcomes and self-efficacy in students are given feedback after the use of Quizizz with Plickers. This research used a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group research design. Subjects in this research are the students of eleven grade of SMAN 10 Bandung. XI IPA 6 as an experimental class 1 was treated by giving feedback after using Quizizz, XI IPA 5 as an experimental class 2 was treated by giving feedback after using Plickers, and XI IPA 1 as a control class. The instrument in this research uses multiple-choice pre-test and post-test questions to measure cognitive learning outcomes and questionnaire statements to measure self-efficacy and saw students' responses to learning activities and evaluation tools used. The result of this research showed that there were differences learning outcomes and self-efficacy in students are given feedback after the use of Quizizz with Plickers. The class that were given feedback after using Quizizz showed higher average learning outcomes and higher percentage of self-efficacy compared to other classes. In addition, students' responses to learning activities and evaluation tools used were more positive in the class given feedback after using Quizizz compared to other classes.
А New Method of Obtaining Transparent Conducting Films of Indium (III) Oxide and Indium-Tin Oxide
Authors: Fadeeva Natalia P. , Saikova Svetlana V. , Pikurova Elena V. , Voronin Anton S. , Fadeev Yuri V. , Samoilo Alexander S. , Tambasov Igor A.
Published: June 2021

In the work, sedimentation-stable sols of indium (III) and tin (IV) hydroxides were obtained by the Anion Resin Exchange Precipitation, which consists of the exchange reaction between the OH ions of the anion exchange resin and the anions of metal-containing solutions. The synthesized hydrosols were used to obtain conducting films of indium (III) In2O3 oxide and indium oxide doped with Tin In2O3: Sn, with a surface resistance of 4 kOhm/sq, thicknesses of 200–500 nm and a transparency of more than 85 %. The modes of applying precursors to glass substrates by the modified spray method and centrifugation method are selected. Films were studied using XRD, SEM, optical microscopy and spectrophotometry
Determination of Ore Contents of Rare Earth Elements in Geological Samples by Atomic Emission Spectrometry with Arc Two-Jet Plasmatron
Authors: Shavekin Aleksei S. , Zayakina Svetlana B. , Saryg-ool Bagai-ool Yu. , Myagkaya Irina N. , Zhmodik Sergey M. , Lazareva Elena V.
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of determination of the ore contents of rare earth elements (REE) in geological samples by atomic emission spectrometry with arc two-jet plasmatron, which allows to analyze solid-phase samples asa fine powders. We studied a niobium-rare earth ore sampled at the Buranniy site of the Tomtor deposit (Arctic Siberia, Russia). The results for all REEs, except for Tb, Yb and Lu, are consistent with the ICP-MS data. It is shown that the use of several analytical lines at the same time in the determination of REE significantly increases the determination accuracy and reliability of the results
Inorganic Nitrile Halides in the Synthesis of Halogen-, Nitro- and Halogenated Nitro-Products
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yulia Yu. , Yarkova Anna G. , Perederina Irina A. , Tveryakova Elena N. , Zholobova Galina A.
Published: June 2021

Inorganic nitrile halides have been studied theoretically by quantum-chemical approach and experimentally in the reactions of halogenation, nitration and nitro halogenation of aromatic compounds and alkynes. The generation of nitrile halides was eventually proved can be can be carried out using the iodine system (alkali metal halides) in the presence of alkali metal nitrates in an acetic acid medium. It has been found that the reaction can give the products of iodination, nitration, nitro halogenation, as well as products of cyclization, and oxidation depending on the nature of the halogen. To predict the products of reaction theoretical quantum-chemical calculations for intermediate particles – nitrile halides using the standard Gaussian‑03 software package were carried out. The possibility of NO2Hal formation was approved from quantum calculations. Furthermore the geometry of NO2Hal particles and mechanism of their homo- or heterolytic decay were represented
El control interno y las tecnologías de la información en las MIPYMES del oriente antioqueño: estado actual de su implementación y oportunidades de mejora
Authors: Castaño Ríos Carlos Eduardo , Zamarra Londoño Julián Esteban , Salazar Jiménez Erika Janeth
Published: June 2021

Las MIPYMES son un componente fundamental de la cadena empresarial en el mundo y en estas se han hecho necesaria la implementación de procesos de control que garanticen la continuidad de esta en el tiempo. El objetivo de este texto es presentar algunos asuntos del control interno contable como resultado de la aplicación de una encuesta en una muestra de 379 MIPYMES del oriente antioqueño colombiano en el marco de un proyecto de caracterización frente a la gestión contable y financiera de estas entidades. Los resultados evidencian que existen diversos problemas en las MIPYMES de la región, a causa de que sus administradores, quienes en muchos casos son los mismos dueños, desconocen herramientas de gestión y control que permitan realizar una mejor organización que permita la continuidad de sus negocios en el tiempo.
"CHURCH BOUNDARIES" AND CANONICAL TERRITORY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AUTOCEPHALIC SYSTEM OF UNIVERSAL ORTHODOXY
Authors: Kobetіak Andriy , Sokolovsky Oleh
Published: June 2021

The article analyzes the fundamental problem of the corpus of ecclesiastical law – the autocephalous principle of the existence of the church. The study found that since the time of the Byzantine Empire, state power imposed its own principle of administrative division and management methods. Already in the II-III centuries, a clear hierarchical structure of church government has been formed. It is specified that the foundation of the first apostolic communities took place exclusively on the basis of the autocephalous principle. It is determined that the institution of autocephaly has been through a difficult path of formation: from the basic state of existence to a church-political phenomenon.
It has been proved that it is the autocephalous system that is the only acceptable version of the existence of the Ecumenical Orthodoxy. Therefore, the struggle of a number of national churches for its independence and recognition is fair. The absence of a clear regulation of the procedure for proclaiming a new autocephalous church is specified.
It is established that the principle of having a "canonical territory" in each of the churches was constantly violated. This is due to the problem of "parallel jurisdictions". The problem has been arising after the Fourth Ecumenical Council, when parallel hierarchies has been formed on the same territory. Nowadays, the problem of "parallel jurisdictions" is particularly acute in Western Europe and the American continents.
The article establishes that the institutional disputes of the Local Churches, related to the borders and the "canonical territory", can be resolved only in a conciliar way and with the participation of all Orthodox hierarchs. Existing approaches to solving the "temporary" problem of "parallel jurisdictions" have led to the incorporation of existing non-canonical entities into recognized churches.
The study emphasizes that the borders of the "canonical territory" in the vast majority should coincide with state borders, given that the state is politically sufficient, strong and constitutionally capable of supporting the church. Therefore, the church needs to return to the initial moment of institutional formation, when church borders corresponded specifically to national borders rather than territorial ones.
The Emotional Component of Verbal Intercultural Communication
Authors: Abakumova O.V. , Velichkova L.V.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to intercultural communication at the level of sounding speech, the parameters of which actively influence the communication situation. When implementing intercultural communication, it is necessary to be aware of the parameters of sounding foreign language speech in an emotional aspect. Speech parameters can give additional shades or meanings to an utterance, including those opposed to the meaning of its constituent linguistic units. The role of emotionality as an active component of the communicative process is determined, the possibility of studying this component is substantiated only accompanied by an interdisciplinary approach, involving the study of speech perception. To express emotional states, each language has a set of nationally - specific means capable of coloring an utterance, regardless of its lexical content. Nationally specific signs of a neutral style of speech determine its emotional perception by speakers of another language. Differential signs of communicative types of utterances carry important information about the completed or progressive nature of the utterance, which may require the inclusion of lexical means during oral translation. The analysis is carried out at the level of rhythmic parameters and melodic signs (characteristics of the main-stressed syllables) on the material of three languages: Russian, German, Spanish.