HAK JAMINAN KESEHATAN ISTRI MENURUT KETENTUAN FIQH TENTANG NAFKAH (ANALISIS FIQH AL-SYĀFI’IYYAH)
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Fikra Fauzal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to find out the provisions of Fiqh Al-Syāfi'iyyah regarding the wife's maintenance and to find out the wife's health security rights according to the provisions of Fiqh Al-Syāfi'iyyah regarding maintenance. This research is a library researchwith a qualitative type and is descriptive through a normative approach with documentation data collection techniques and content analysis techniques. The results of his research stated that the provisions of Fiqh Al-Syāfi'iyyah regarding the wife's maintenance are that the husband is obliged to provide maintenance in the form of staple food along with side dishes, clothing and shelter. The obligation of staple food along with side dishes and clothing is adjusted to the condition of the rich, poor or middle husband, while the obligation to live is adjusted to the condition of the wife. The obligation to live is different from the obligation to eat and clothe, because the obligation to live according to the circumstances of the wife is to take advantage of it without ownership, while the obligation to eat and clothe is ownership, where the wife can have a replacement when the husband does not provide it. The wife's right to health insurance according to the provisions of Fiqh Al-Syāfi'iyyah regarding maintenance is not mandatory. This provision is based on the qiyas (analogy) of a house being rented out. This means that a sick wife is like a rented house in a state of disrepair, and giving medicine to a wife is the same as repairing a house for the needs of the authenticity of the house which is the owner's obligation, so that the medicine is not the obligation of the husband which is the original (bodily) need of the wife which is returned to the parents. wife or himself.

Keywords: Guarantee, Wife's Health, Living. 

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketentuan Fiqh Al-Syāfi’iyyah tentang nafkah istri dan untuk mengetahui hak jaminan kesehatan istri menurut ketentuan Fiqh Al-Syāfi’iyyah tentang nafkah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pustaka (library research) dengan jenis kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif melalui pendekatan normatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data dokumentasi dan teknik analisa content analysis. Hasil penelitiannya menyatakan bahwa ketentuan Fiqh Al-Syāfi’iyyah tentang nafkah istri adalah suami wajib memberikan nafkah dalam bentuk makanan pokok beserta lauk pauk, pakaian dan tempat tinggal. Kewajiban makanan pokok beserta lauk pauk dan pakaian disesuaikan dengan keadaan kaya, miskin atau pertengahan suami, sedangkan kewajiban tempat tinggal disesuaikan dengan keadaan istri. Kewajiban tempat tinggal ini berbeda dengan kewajiban makanan dan pakaian, karena dalam kewajiban tempat tinggal yang disesuaikan dengan keadaan istri merupakan pengambilan manfaat saja tanpa pemilikan, sedangkan kewajiban makanan dan pakaian merupakan pemilikan, di mana istri dapat memiliki penggantinya di saat suami tidak memberikannya. Hak jaminan kesehatan istri menurut ketentuan Fiqh Al-Syāfi’iyyah tentang nafkah tidak diwajibkan. Ketentuan ini didasarkan pada qiyas (analogi) atas rumah yang disewakan. Artinya istri yang sakit ibarat rumah sewaan dalam keadaan rusak, dan memberi obat pada istri sama seperti memperbaiki rumah untuk kebutuhan keaslian dari rumah tersebut yamg merupakan kewajiban pemiliknya, sehingga obat tersebut bukan kewajiban suami yang merupakan kebutuhan asal (badan) istri yang dikembalikan pada orang tua istri ataupun pada dirinya sendiri.

Kata Kunci: Jaminan, Kesehatan Istri, Nafkah.