bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolites fingerprint leaf extract of Bekkai plant, Albertisia papuana Becc as natural food seasonings using by Dayak Ethnics Community In North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sudrajat S , Kartika R , Sudiastuti S
Published: August 2019

Bekkai plant, Albertisia papuana is one of the unique and valuable germplasm because it is utilized by Dayak Ethnics North Kalimantan community as natural flavoring food and medical treatment. There is little data about their phytocompounds characteristic. The objective of this research was to describe the metabolites fingerprint leaf extract of A.papuana which be consumed as natural food seasonings. Ethanol leaf extracts from Dayak community originated from Tanjung Selor, North Kalimantan were analyzed using untargeted Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The investigation led to the identification of 22 constituents, was dominated by Capsaicin (10.06%),Capsaicin(6.41%),Capsaicin (21.33%), Dihydrocapsaicin (2.16%) and Squalene 7.69%,2,5-Furandione,3-(dodecenyl)dihydro (5.88%), 2-Octadecyl-propane-1,3-dio l(5.55%), Phytol(5.14%), Citronellylformate(3.85%), A cembratrienol (3.93%), P=Ethyguaicol(3.39%), 4,22-Stigmastadiene -3-one (3.00%), Alpha limone diepoxide (2.79%), 2,6,6-Trimethylbicylo(3.1.1) heptane(1.00%), Pentadecyl bromide (2.28%), Hexadecanoic acid (2.21%),Z-10-Tetradecen-1-olacetate(2.03%),Heptamethylene dibromide(2.00%),7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane,2,26-trimethyl-1-(3-methyl-1,3butadienyl)-5-m ethyllene(1.78%),4,4-Dimethyl-oct-5-enal(1.64%),4,4-Dimethylcholestan-3-one(1.86%),17-Pentatriacontene (1.12%).
Mathematics analysis of the effect of public health educational campaigns, screening and therapy on HIV/AIDS transmission
Authors: Marsudi  , Trisilowati  , Suryanto A , Darti I
Published: August 2019

In this paper, a deterministic mathematical models are formulated and analyzed to assess the effect of the public health educational campaigns, screening, and therapy on the dynamics of HIV/AIDS. The information causes a change in behavior resulting in three susceptible classes. We calculate the effective reproduction number using the next-generation matrix method. It has been shown that the disease-free equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable when the effective reproduction number is less than unity. Sensitivity analysis of effective reproduction number with respect to the model parameters were carried out. The most sensitive parameter on the effective reproduction number is the contact rate of susceptible to unaware HIV infective followed by the screening rate and the least sensitive parameter is the progression rate of screened infective to full-blown AIDS. Numerical simulations and sensitivity analysis are carried out to support the analytical results and to determine the parameters influencing the dynamics of the disease.
K-means algorithm with improved initialization for clustering fruit plants
Authors: Amijaya F D T , Purnamasari I , Wasono
Published: August 2019

Clustering is one of data mining technique that can make a set of objects in such way that objects in the same group are more similar in some particular manner to each other than to those in other groups. K-means algorithm is one of clustering methods. Standard K- means algorithm has fast and simple computation, but it has the pitfall of randomly choosing initial the center of cluster. In this paper, we propose a mean method combined with interval index based on number cluster to choose initial the center of cluster. It can eliminate the randomness of the selection of initial the center of cluster, so it can find the optimum the center of cluster faster. The effectiveness of algorithm can be seen by maximum iteration of each algorithm. And fruit plants data will be used as data test.
Association rules with apriori algorithm and hash-based algorithm
Authors: Yulanda R D , Wahyuningsih S , Amijaya F D T
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is to determine the pattern of hijacking cases in Samarinda by using association rules and comparing apriori and hash-based. The data used for this research are secondary data from POLRESTA Samarinda which is processed using association rules algorithm with apriori and hash-based with minimum support of 10% and minimum confidence of 70%. The result of this research, in apriori, the pattern is often formed as many as 4 5-itemset combination while the hash-based obtained pattern that often formed by 3 3-itemset combination. In 2-itemset that is if the victim is female and young, then have a possibility of 46.67% chance of experiencing minor injuries with confidence of 90.9%, in 3-itemset if the victim is in location 1 and young, then have a possibility 53.33% chance of experiencing minor injuries with confidence of 88.89%, in 4-itemset if the victim in location 2, female and young then have a possibility 40% chance of experiencing minor injuries with confidence of 100%, in 5-itemset if the victim in location two, quite, female and young then have a possibility 26.67% chance of experiencing minor injuries with confidence of 100%.
Classification of nutritional status of toddlers using fuzzy k-nearest neighbor in every class (FK-NNC)
Authors: Izzah R U , Wahyuningsih S , Amijaya F D T
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this research is classify nutritional status of toddlers with algorithm fuzzy k-nearest in every class (FK-NNC). The FK-NNC algorithm is a modification concept of the nearest K neighbor for each class. The largest of the class on membership value will be selected as prediction classes. The optimal K value in FK-NNC algorithm uses k-fold cross validation. The optimal K values are searched by experimenting 1-fold cross validation, 4-fold cross validation and 10-fold cross validation. Accuracy rate of classify nutritional status of toddlers at the Wonorejo Health Center using the FK-NNC algorithm with an optimal K value. The results of this research obtained the optimal K value used in the FK-NNC algorithm at the Wonorejo Health Center is K=8 with 1-fold cross validation experiment. The value of K=8 was applied to the FK-NNC algorithm with a 1-fold cross validation experiment to predict class of nutritional status of toddlers in the Wonorejo Health Center. The percentage of accuracy produced as much as 100% with data proportion 90:10.
A teaching unit on electric vehicles to foster students’ decision-making competencies
Authors: Spatz V , Slezak C , Tampe J
Published: August 2019

According to the national education standards set by the standing Conference of Education Ministers in Germany in 2004, one of the central aims of science education in schools is to develop the competency of responsible decision-making. However, appropriate didactic and methodical concepts remain rare. Against this background, a targeted teaching unit for secondary schools including all teaching resources (worksheets, sample solutions, handouts, etc.) has been developed and evaluated. We have chosen electric vehicles as a contemporary context, since there seems to be no consensus in the public debate on this topic yet. Therefore, good arguments abound and can easily be found either for or against the new technology. As an introduction to the unit, students are asked to make a choice for one of two controversial, opposing articles presented to them. They are also asked to estimate how confident they are about their choice on a Likert scale. During the following lessons, students explore the topic not only through physical and technical principles, but also consider aspects outside the technical sphere. At the end students are asked to write their own composition in form of a newspaper article on the subject. The way they base their decisions on their arguments is analysed and assessed. This paper reports on the structure and the materials of the teaching unit as well as classroom experiences.
Active learning of buoyancy: an effective way to change students’ alternative conceptions about floating and sinking
Authors: Radovanović J , Sliško J , Stepanović Ilić I
Published: August 2019

We present research into the effects of traditional teaching and an applied active learning model to overcome students’ alternative conceptions on floating and sinking with a sample of 153 thirteen-year-old students in Serbia. An overview of the most important properties of the experimental model of active learning based on the IBSE approach is given. The results show significant differences in achievements between the control and the experimental group: the average normalized gain was 0.84±0.21 for experimental group and 0.04±0.25 for the control group, which points to the need for adoption of modern constructivist view on learning within the teaching process.
Active learning of phase and group velocities
Authors: Faletic S
Published: August 2019

I report on my observations during an active-learning activity on the topic of phase and group velocities with in-service physics teachers and a small group of high school students. The activity was designed to be as active as possible, and to guide the participants to the discovery (or reminder) that phase velocity is not the only velocity relevant to wave propagation. I observed that both groups, even after having been exposed to waves with dispersion, had difficulties using any velocity but phase velocity in their predictions and their reasoning. In the article, I describe the activity, and the observations. I discuss the possible reasons for the participants’ difficulties and suggest approaches that might improve the active-learning outcome.
Evaluating a predictive model of student performance in introductory calculus-based physics
Authors: Greene M , Lopez R
Published: August 2019

Various factors are known to correlate with performance in physics and other STEM courses. In this study, we report on students’ performance in an introductory calculus-based physics course at the university level and correlate their performance (as measured by final grade) with a variety of measures of academic and cognitive ability. These measures include mathematical and English language ability (as measured by the SAT), incoming GPA, and spatial and scientific reasoning ability (as measured by the Mental Rotation Test and Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning). We also consider the effect on student performance of factors such as employment status, and science and mathematics self-efficacy (as measured by a survey). In this study, we report the prediction efficiency of the ability of two multivariate linear models to predict student success in the course.
The Presence of Physics Education Research in the Curriculum of an Initial Teacher Education Programme
Authors: Jesus A C S , Nardi R
Published: August 2019

The objective of this study is to understand how a curriculum of an initial physics teacher education programme introduces elements of research in physics education for future teachers. This study is justified by the need to reduce the gap between what educational research outcomes says and what is practiced in the classroom, taking the initial teacher training as a possible way to bridge this gap. We present analysis of curricular documents of an initial teacher education programme in Brazil, mainly the Pedagogical Project and Teaching Plans of the subjects Methodology and Practice of Physics Teaching, and we based on Discourse Analysis as a theoretical-methodological framework. Analysis of the curricular documents of the programme indicates that there are several topics that are being studied by the researchers in physics education such as alternative conceptions, CTS relations and didactic laboratories, present in the curriculum. However, the various possible interpretations for teaching issues can provide different meanings between research outcomes, teacher training and physics teaching.
Potentially meaningful teaching unit on Cosmology in the vision of the teacher of fundamental and average education
Authors: Lacerda Caldas R , de Oliveira Siqueira A B
Published: August 2019

This research investigated the potentialities of the Meaningful Learning Theory (MLT) for the facilitation of the teaching of Modern and Contemporary Physics (MCP) content at the intermediate level. Privileging a qualitative approach, the work was based on the theoretical reference of the epistemology of teaching practice, on the teaching model of Gowin’s theory and on the principles of Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning theory for the elaboration of Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units. The entire study resulted in the elaboration of an Educational Product, constituted by the MLTs elaborated in the themes of Cosmology and Radioactivity. On-line questionnaires and interviews with physics teachers and activities used in MLTs were used as data collection instruments. Regarding the teaching of Cosmology and Radioactivity, the teachers suggested that they be taught through films, seminars and reading interdisciplinary texts. The analysis of answers by five teachers, regarding the efficiency and relevance of the strategy as a material to support the teaching in general, were positive. The teachers approved the potential of the material analyzed, activities, the instructions for execution, the time to plan and elaborate activities related to MCP, content not even emphasized in physics classes.
Augmented lectures: benefits of supporting physics teaching with the theatre
Authors: Giliberti M , Persano Adorno D , Pizzolato N , Battaglia O R , Fazio C
Published: August 2019

Young generations are less and less interested in studying STEM subjects. For this reason, numerous studies have strongly suggested a change in the methods scientific knowledge is developed in the learners, through the use of alternative and more creative strategies. In recent decades a strong interaction between scientific subjects and the arts has been established by means of theatre. The objective is to bring science to students and the public in ways that are engaging, instructive, artistic and, always, content-driven: the medium is the arts; the message is the joy of science. When we talk about Physics in a theatre show, are we only making a good dissemination or are we also transmitting contents and changing the nature of science view of the audience? In order to address this question, after the augmented lecture titled “There are no things inside things”, we invited the audience to answer both to a closed-answer survey about the performance and to an open-ended questionnaire focused on the theme “what is understanding?”, in terms of physics contents and NoS view. In this contribution, we analyze and discuss the answers provided by the people who have attended the augmented lecture. The analysis of the answers shows that the performance was appreciated as an example of showmanship in facing the wide-range cultural message of physics.
ESP Simulation Study on the DC Grounding Electrode in Chinese Shanbei Converter Station Based on ANSYS
Authors: Ma Chenglian , Sun Li , Zhao Shujian , Wang Letian , Zhang Li
Published: August 2019

When the UHVDC project was put into operation, the grounding current of DC grounding electrode may have a great influence on the transformer near the pole. The calculation of earth surface potential (ESP) distribution was a problem to be considered in the planning and design stage. In this paper, the calculation method of the current field of DC transmission grounding electrode was deduced. The grounding electrode project of Chinese North Shaanxi converter station was referred, and the layered model of 6 layers of ground soil was established. The potential distribution in the range of 0-100 km of the earth electrode was calculated by using ANSYS. The calculation results show that the distance between the ground electrode and the ground electrode decreases faster than that of the ground electrode. The distribution of earth surface potential within the range of 2 km of the earth electrode should be studied emphatically, and the potential distribution of the substations and power plants that have been built and planned has been calculated. The method presented in this paper could provide reference for the debugging of HVDC transmission monopole.
Economic Optimal Dispatch of Grid-connected Microgrid Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Sun Li , Zhao Shujian , Ma Chenglian , Chen Naixin , Yao Tianliang
Published: August 2019

Nowadays, the demand for energy is expanding, the fossil resources are on the verge of exhaustion, and the ecological environment is getting worse and worse. In this form, this paper studies the economic optimal dispatch of microgrid under the background of energy saving and emission reduction. Firstly, the mathematical model of microgrid composed of distributed power, energy storage devices and loads is established. Secondly, under the background of energy saving and emission reduction, the objective function of multi-objective optimal operation of microgrid is established considering both economic and environmental aspects. Finally, the improved Genetic Algorithm is used to solve the objective function. The results of optimization can reduce microgrid system generation cost.
Portable Solar-powered Membrane Distillation System to Solve Water and Energy Problems Simultaneously
Authors: Chafidz Achmad , Rahma Fadilla Noor , Nurkhamidah Siti , Al-Zahrani Saeed
Published: August 2019

With increasing human population, the demand for water as well as energy also increasing. This will lead to global water scarcity and energy crisis, due to limited freshwater resources and decreasing fossil fuel resources. The most potential solution to solve this water-energy problem is by using desalination technology powered by renewable energy like solar energy. This paper reports the design and development of a portable and stand-alone solar-driven desalination system. Due to portability, this system is expected to be transported to anywhere like remote areas. The system consists of three major parts, which are solar-thermal collector, solar photovoltaic (PV) panel, and Vacuum Multi-Effect Membrane Distillation (V-MEMD) unit as the main part of the system. In this paper, a small-scale operation test of the system was carried out and analyzed. The system run successfully for about 7 hours, which started at 09:00 AM. The feedwater used was brackish-water with conductivity of about 2500 μS/cm and the flowrate was maintained at 69 L/h. The system produced distillate/freshwater at average rate of 5.98 L/h. Whereas, the total distillate produced was approximately 34.8 L with conductivity of about Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) of 2.67 mg/L. The distillate flux of the current system was in the range of 3.2 – 5.2 L/m2.h.
Energy Optimization Dispatching of Microgrid in The Stand-alone Mode
Authors: Sun Li , Zhao Shujian , Ma Chenglian , Jiang Jing , Meng Yuanzhu , Yao Tianliang
Published: August 2019

A microgrid system in the stand-alone mode with photovoltaic, wind turbine, microturbine, fuel cell and energy storage unit is studied. Mathematical models of different distributed power supply and energy storage devices are established. The load demand of the system, the price of purchasing and selling electricity when interacting with the power grid and other constraints are considered. An economic model for optimizing stand-alone operation cost is established. According to the characteristics of the model, an improved genetic algorithm is selected to optimize the nonlinear system. The algorithm has better stability in solving the optimization problem of large state space dimension. The case study show that the proposed economic model is reasonable and the algorithm is effective.
Research of Unit Bidding Strategy and Earnings Analysis in the Peak Regulation Ancillary Service Market
Authors: Yan Cui-Hui , Yan Jinghua , Sun Zhen , Zhang Lin , Song Shaoqun
Published: August 2019

With the gradual development of electricity market reform, the peak load ancillary service market has been built in many regions of China. It is necessary to analyse the bidding strategies and earnings of thermal power units in different bidding modes and settlement modes. First of all, according to the cost of thermal power units, the cost of participating in peak ancillary services is studied. Then, based on the accurate prediction of the market clearing price in peak shaving, the bidding strategy and profit of thermal power units under the corresponding market rules are studied. Finally, considering the prediction error of the market clearing price in peak load regulation, the bidding price in peak regulation is taken as a random variable to study the optimal bidding strategy and the maximum expected return of thermal power units. The research results show that thermal power enterprises can improve their own profits by choosing the optimal strategy. Different bidding modes have little effect on the efficiency of market operation, while different settlement modes have obvious effect on the total market peak regulating cost and the peak regulating income of thermal power enterprises.
Decreasing the Sulfur Content of Crude Oil by Ultra-Sound and Activated Carbon Assisted Oxidative Method
Authors: Hameed Khlaif Tahseen , Salim Bded Asaad
Published: August 2019

There is a large amount of sulfur compound in crude oil, sulfur gases such us H2S for example are emitted and can affect the environment and finally can cause problems during the processing operation of crude oil. Therefore, in this study, a method for the removal of sulfur from crude oil using an ultrasound device has been proposed. This method is a combination of oxidative method and applying ultrasonic waves to achieve the allowable sulfur content in crude oil. Samples of crude oil have been taken that we got from an al-Najaf refinery to study the effect of three parameters (activated carbon weight, hydrogen peroxide volume, and acetic acid volume) at 50oC on the desulfurization process. the optimum result of desulfurization has been found to be (81.325%) at activated carbon amount of (9gm) with (H2O2/acetic acid)(40/30)ml.
Performance enhancement of trickle bed reactor for the removal of organic compounds from petroleum industrial wastewater
Authors: Al-Naimi S A , Al-Sudani F T , Al-Rawi G D A
Published: August 2019

Catalyst Wet Air Oxidation of phenol Promoted with Hydrogen Peroxide (PP-CWAO) was studied experimentally in this work using a trickle bed reactor operating in both steady state and periodic operation (liquid flow modulation). The effect of cyclic parameters (cycle period and split) are investigated under the same conditions chosen on the basis of the steady state results for PP-CWAO. The results showed that the PP-CWAO of phenol are kinetically controlled for steady state operation. For periodic operation, the time average conversion enhancement is indeed quite considerable in liquid flow modulation as split is lowered from steady state cycle split (σ = 1) to a value of (σ = 0.5) and reached as much as 6.66 % over the steady state at cycle period (τp) = 15 sec.
Heavy metals concentration in the recent sediments along the sides of the road between Bangazi and Sirt Cities – Libya
Authors: Basi M A , Abbas K F , Al-Sharqawi M I
Published: August 2019

Heavy metals concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, Ni, and Fe, have been studied in the recent sediments along the sides of the road between Bangazi and Sirt cities. The results indicate normal range of the concentrations, which reflect no pollution. Moreover, the study indicates the increase in concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, Mn, Cu, Co, and Ni, on the edges of both sides of the road. The increase in concentration of most heavy metals in the sediments at the edges of the road is most probably related to hydrocarbon’s exhaust of various vehicle.
Study the effect of organic promoters on thermodynamics behaviour for refrigerant gas clathrate hydrate
Authors: Talib Al Hemeri Shurooq , Sadeq Al Mukhtar Riyadh , Saadi Mohammed Mustafa
Published: August 2019

The present work consists of an experimental and theoretical investigation dealing with hydrate formation for the binary system (water+ refrigerant gas) and ternary systems (water+ refrigerant gas+ promoter) at constant initial conditions (pressure and temperature). Isochoric method (constant volume) search was used in current study to measure the formation data (pressure, temperature) for hydrate. Refrigerant R134a gas and different organic promoters such as benzene and cyclohexane were used in this study. For ternary systems at the different concentrations of promoters shifted hydrate formation data when benzene and cyclohexane decree pressure and increasing temperature. Many objective functions were obtained from kinetic models such as the amount of gas consumed (Δn), the growth rate (r (t)), and conversion of the water to hydrate. The gas consumed (Δn) of the binary system increased lead to increase in hydrate formation, also the hydrate growth rate (r(t)) and increase water conversion to hydrate. The gas consumed in the presence of cyclohexane was higher than at using benzene as a promoter. The experimental results show that the presence of different promoters in the ternary systems have an effect on thermodynamic promotion of refrigerant hydrates formation. The promotion effect increased with increasing the concentration of promoter in the select range. Also, the results manifested that benzene and cyclohexane had a clear effect in reducing the pressure and raising the temperature of the hydrate formation. The storage capacity was investigated. It has been noticed that the existence of the promoters in the hydrate formation system led to a slight increase in the storage capacity with maximum value about (78.66) V/V.
Evaluation of Petrophysical Properties Using Imaging Techniques
Authors: Ramadhan Ahmad A. , Al-Sudani Hussien I.Z. , Sarhan Kadhim Fadhil , Tariq Ayman , Lutfy Muhammed
Published: August 2019

The petrophysics science is concerned with the study and characterization of oil and gas reservoirs for the hydrocarbon potential availability and productivity through the quantitative of rock properties. Porosity is one of the most important property in petrophysics. Estimation of porosity values are classified into two techniques, direct and indirect methods. The direct method has been used to estimate the porosity from core analysis, because the well log records are considered as indirect technique, which depend on the measurments of the physical features related with the porosity values. In this study two methods are used to evaluate the porosity of carbonate reservoir. The first one has been applied to the well logging interpretation, while the second method uses imaging technique interpretation based on core slides. The result of the second method shows a more accurate results of porosity in comparison with first method. The porosity values are varied from 2% to 3% by using Neutron log, while the density and sonic logs recorded about 9%. The optical image results of the porosity are ranging from 6.2% to 19.1% at 40 X magnifications, and from 1.8% to 4.6% at 100X. The SEM image interpretation results are: 12.2%, 10.4, % 4.1%, 5.9% at 400X, 1.99KX, 5.01KX, and 10KX respectively. Finally, the results showed that accuracy of porosity values depends on the examined area of sample that the area of sample is changing with the magnification of microscopes types.
Study of different geostatistical methods to model formation porosity (Cast study of Zubair formation in Luhais oil field)
Authors: Al Musawi Jassim M. , Al Jawad Mohammed S.
Published: August 2019

This study is concerned with making comparison in using different geostatistical methods for porosity distribution of upper shale member - Zubair formation in Luhais oil field which was chosen to study.

Kriging, Gaussian random function simulation and sequential Gaussian simulation geostatistical methods were adopted in this study. After preparing all needed data which are contour map, well heads of 12 wells, well tops and porosity from CPI log. Petrel software 2009 was used for porosity distribution of mentioned formation in methods that are showed above. Comparisons were made among these three methods in order to choose the best one, the comparing criteria was according to different statistical information and variograms analysis of entered porosity which was scaled up and modeled. The best method gave porosity distribution in model closest to enter porosity that represent real porosity of Zubair formation.

The comparison proved that sequential Gaussian simulation is the best model of porosity distribution followed by Gaussian random function simulation and kriging methods respectively. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the distribution accuracy of the porosity or other petrophysics properties is one of the main factors that affect building correct geological model that represents the base of reservoir model and also pore volume (Oil reserve) value was affected by geostatistical methods variation.
Porosity and Permeability Calculation Using NMR Logging in an Iraqi Oil Field
Authors: Dhahir Abdulkadhim Marwah
Published: August 2019

This study aims of analysing the NMR data and extracting the petrophysical properties of a well in an Iraqi oil field, T2 analysis forms the basis of more complex analysis for the interpretation of NMR, including wettability analysis, facies discrimination and the identification of reservoir units from NMR data. T2 analysis can also be used to calculate porosity, calculate the geometric mean of the distribution, track the position of the modes (peaks of the distribution), and estimate fluid viscosity. NMR logging data has been used for an Iraqi oil field and interpreted to calculate PHIT, PHIE, BVI, CBW, FFI and K. In this current research the petrophysical properties have been calculated and the moveable fluid zone has been detected, where the porosity and permeability values are significant with a good value of FFI which represents the reflection of high value of T2.
Modeling of Petrophysical Properties and Reserve Estimation of Mishrif Formation-Garraf Oil Field
Authors: Abeed Ahmed T , Lazim Samaher A , Hamied Ramzy S
Published: August 2019

In this study a build-up a 3D geologic model both depend on the information of field and subsurface is a usual task in geologic studies including resource evaluation and hazard assessment. During this study a 3D geologic model for Mishrif Formation in Garraf oil field has been set-up by using petrel 2015 software system. Mishrif Formation represents the foremost important reservoir in Garraf oil field. Four vertical oil wells and one directional well were chosen in Garraf Oil Field so as to set-up structural and petrophysical models delineated by a 3D static geologic model in 3 dimensions. The structural closure is shifted from GA-3 well to GA-A1P well. Mishrif Formation was divided into 10 zones. Sequential Gaussian Simulation algorithm was used to build-up Petrophysical model (NTG, permeability, water saturation and porosity) for Mishrif Formation keeping with information analyses and also the results from modeling the units (M1.2, L1 and L1.2) are thought-about as prime quality reservoir units because of the high PHIE and low water saturation. Units (L2, L2.2, L2.3 and L2.4) are thought-about as poor reservoirs because of low PHIE and high water saturation, and non-reservoir units include (Top Mishrif, M1 and M2) thus, they represent cap units. Cross sections of petrophysical model were conducted to Illustrate the vertical and horizontal distribution of porosity, permeability, Net to gross and water saturation between wells within the field. This study calculated the reserves of the Mishrif formation of Garraf oilfield by petrel, that alter the issue that the reserves parameters are difficult to properly acquire when estimate complex reservoir’s reserves in terms of ancient volume technique.
Behavior of Swelling Soil Treated by Grid Geocell Columns under a Tank Footing
Authors: Al-Omari Raid R. , Fattah Mohammed Y. , Ali Haifaa A.
Published: August 2019

Fuel tanks usually induce large settlements due to heavy loading which requires treatment for the underlying soils. In this paper, a method of treating the swelling of expansive soil is presented. The method is simply based on the embedment of a geogrid (or a geomesh) in the soil. The geogrid is extended continuously inside the volume of soil where the swell is required to be controlled and orientated in the direction of swell. Soils with different swelling potentials were employed; bentonite-based Na and kaolinite mixed with bentonite. To investigate the swell, swell- partial shrinkage and other phenomena for untreated soils in comparison with their counterparts of treated soils, laboratory model tests were carried out in 800 × 200 mm box container and 600 mm in height. Swelling and cyclic wetting along with drying tests were carried out on each sample with pore water pressure measurement. Swelling test in the model reveals promising results of the proposed treatment technique. The improvement factors, range between 30% to 60 % depending on the geogrid stiffness, soil plasticity, fill martial (sand or clay) and dry density of sand fill. The geocell has a significant effect on the experimental results. The reduction in swell increases with increasing the geogrid stiffness and when using sand as a fill material, the reduction is apparently due to a strong interference bond which restricts the relative movement between the clay and the grid. The use of geocell filled with the same expansive soil causes a decrease by about 19% and 42 % in the final swelling of soils, whereas filling the cell with sand causes about 35 % and 64 % reduction for the soils, respectively. The treatment method shows the activity of geocell fill material in reducing the matric suction (pore water pressure). When sand is used, a new channel is created for the dissipation of pore water pressure.
The influence of pile groups configuration on its stability in dry sand under lateral loads
Authors: Al-Neami Mohammed A. , Samueel Zeena W. , Al-Noori Marwah M.
Published: August 2019

This paper aims to investigate the effect of the arrangement of aluminum pipe piles closed from both ends on its response under lateral loads in terms of a lateral load and bending moment. Twenty - four model tests for laterally loaded aluminum pipe piles were investigated to study the effect of sand relative density, the ratio (S/D=3, 4 and 5) of spacing between pile in the group(s) / diameter of aluminum pipe pile (D), loading direction or piles configuration. It was found that the lateral resistance of the pipe piles loaded with a configuration of 2 × 1 is higher than that loaded in the direction of the configuration 1 × 2. Relative sand density has a significant effect on the lateral capacity of the pile group. The increase of the relative density caused increase load resistance but the bending moment increased. The effect of (S/D) is very obviously on the behavior of bending moment and the load resistance of piles models, bending moment increased as S/d increased as well as for load resistance.
Impact of Mixing process on the physical and Rheological Characteristics of Asphalt Binder Modified with Nano- Silica Powder
Authors: Zghair Hussein H , Joni Hasan H , Hassan Maan S
Published: August 2019

In Iraq pavements materials are exposed to various distresses due to the adverse environmental conditions and heavy traffic. The improvement of performance of flexible pavements is necessary for decreasing these distresses. The objective of this research is to improve the mixing efficiency of nano-silica particles with asphalt binder. Two mixer type (mechanical and high shear), rotational speeds (2000, 4000 and 6000 rpm), and mixing period (30 and 60 minutes) were assessed. Three nano-silica per cent 2%, 4%, and 6% by weight of asphalt were added and the asphalt binder mixtures were prepared by heating at mixing temperature 140 °C. Furthermore, comparisons were made to assess the modified asphalt binder characteristics such as penetration value, softening point, temperature sensitivity (penetration index), ductility and rotational viscosity. Results showed that the use of nano silica as an additive was useful in improving the asphalt binder characteristics. Generally, has been found that the penetration value decreased and softening point increased, as well as the viscosity, were increased and the temperature sensitivity was developed. Additionally, high shear mixing was more useful especially to obtain a good dispersion of nano silica powder in asphalt binder and got a homogenous composite material.
Properties of self compacting concrete exposed to wetting and drying cycles in oil products
Authors: Salih S A , Khalil W I , Ali A A
Published: August 2019

Although the early deterioration of concrete exposed to petroleum products has being observed yet, the behavior of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) being exposure to oil products is still unknown. In the present investigation, the mechanical and physical properties of hardened SCC cyclically being exposed to oil products (crude oil, gas oil, motor oil and fuel oil) have tested and discussed. The numbers of exposure cycles are 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Each exposure cycle consists of twenty days immersion in water or different oil products followed by air drying at ambient temperature for a period of ten days. The results have been compared to other specimens cured in water or continuously exposed to oil products for the same period. The results show that the effect of continuous exposure to oil products on the mechanical properties is more severe than that of cyclic exposure of SCC specimens. The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of rupture, and static modulus of elasticity of SCC specimens have slightly deteriorated until the fifth cycle of exposure for all types of oil products comparing to reference specimens (cured in water). Eventually at the sixth cycle all properties have decreased.
New coumain derivatives as corrosion inhibitor
Authors: Al-Majedy Y K , Ibraheem H H , Falih M S , Al-Amiery A A
Published: August 2019

Electrocoagulation can be considered as a simple and an efficient method for treating both wastewater and water. In this work, a synthetic bentonite suspension water was treated using this technique to reduce turbidity caused by solid particles pollutants. This process was carried out in a batch glass reactor of 1000 ml operated with aluminium electrodes with and without agitation. The removal efficiency as a turbidity removal procedure has been examined using bentonite clay as a turbidity source. The effects of some parameters such as contact time, and electrolyte concentration on the removal efficiency were investigated and compared. The mixing effect over the range (0-800 rpm) on the removal efficiency was also evaluated. The process was found to achieve excellent turbidity removal with mild mixing (550 rpm). In addition, the effect of using Ultrasonic as a mixing source has also been studied. The lowest residual turbidity was found to be 1.0 NTU for the samples with initial turbidities of 500 NTU. Similar final turbidity of 1.0 NTU was obtained after 25 min with initial turbidity of 200 NTU. This was obtained at a current of 750 mA, a contact time of 60 min, and a calculated dissolved aluminium concentration of 10 mg/l.
New derivative of 1,2-Dihydropyridine-3-Carbonitrile as Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Ibraheem Hiba H.
Published: August 2019

New 1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile derivative compound as corrosion inhibitor namely, 3,3’-(3,3’-(1E,1‘E)-1,4-phenylenebis(diazene-2,1-diyl)bis(4-(dimethylamino)-3,1-phenylene))bis(2-oxo-6-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile) (PDPTD) was synthesized by cyclization of compound (1) with 1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl) ethenone in presence of ethyl cyano acetate and ammonium acetate. The new synthesized compound has been characterized using Melting point, FT-IR spectroscopy and 1H-NMR. The new synthesized compound (PDPTD) has been tested on mild steel (MS) in 1 M HCl media by a weight loss method and identification of the surface technique employed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies. The weight loss investigation demonstrated that inhibition performances have been improved via concentration raising of inhibitor. To support our results scanning electron microscopy has employed about clarify the surface from the MS with and without (PDPTD) in 1.0 M HCl media. The inhibition performance rate was 83% at the maximum utilized concentration of (PDPTD).
Optimization of axial volumetric drive aviation pump
Authors: Protopopov A , Mukhlaeva A , Melnichuk E
Published: August 2019

Annotation

This article discusses a volumetric drive aircraft axial pump and solves the problem of its optimization by the Sobol method. The optimization criteria were the radial dimension and the power expended. In this case, the non-uniformity of the pump operation over time and the variable value of the pressure consumed by the network were taken into account. The last two parameters act as constructive variable parameters. As a result of the work, we obtained a compromise curve. The radial dimension is the power expended.
Hydrodynamic modelling of the impact of viscosity on the characteristics of a centrifugal pump
Authors: Tkachuk V , Navas H , Petrov A , Protopopov A
Published: August 2019

Annotation

During operation of industrial centrifugal pumps, the main factor affecting its performance is viscosity, which can change its value during operation of the pump unit. In most cases, the main cause of such changes is a change in the environmental conditions or an increase in the temperature of the unit during operation. This paper explores the possibility of using computer simulation to calculate a centrifugal pump at various viscosities of the working fluid. The results obtained are compared with data from the American Hydraulic Institute.
Research of centrifugal gas-liquid separator
Authors: Budaev G , Danilov D , Kuznechov A , Lomakin V , Cheremushkin V
Published: August 2019

The article is devoted to research of centrifugal gas-liquid separator.The fields of application of gas separators are described. Parameters on which depends the separation process are revealed. The mathematical model used in computer simulation of the two-phase flow is presented . The figures of the scalar physical quantities distribution in the flow part of the separator are shown. Graphs of the gas separator’s characteristics are given.
Decreased warfarin sensitivity among patients treated with elbasvir and grazoprevir for hepatitis C infection
Authors: DeCarolis Douglas D , Chen Yi-Chieh , Westanmo Anders D , Conley Christopher , Gravely Amy A , Khan Fatima B
Published: August 2019

Purpose

We previously reported an interaction with warfarin anticoagulation when initiating treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C infection. A decreased warfarin sensitivity led to subtherapeutic anticoagulation. To study this interaction further, we expanded our research to include patients treated with the combination of elbasvir and grazoprevir concurrent with warfarin anticoagulation and investigated changes in warfarin sensitivity during and after treatment.

Methods

Using electronic health records of the Veterans Health Administration, patients starting treatment with elbasvir–grazoprevir for hepatitis C infection concurrent with warfarin anticoagulation were identified. Inclusion required stable warfarin anticoagulation prior to 12 weeks of treatment with elbasvir–grazoprevir. A warfarin sensitivity index (WSI) was calculated at the start and end of treatment and 12 weeks after treatment. The primary endpoint was the difference in WSI from pre- to end-treatment. The secondary endpoint was the WSI difference from pretreatment to 12 weeks posttreatment. Changes in International Normalized Ratio, warfarin doses, and time in therapeutic range were measured.

Results

In the final sample of 43 patients, the mean WSI decreased during treatment from 0.53 to 0.40, or 25.2%. After treatment, the mean WSI rose to 0.51. Although the mean weekly warfarin dose increased from 40.3 to 44.6 mg during treatment, the mean International Normalized Ratio decreased from 2.40 to 1.96, recovering to 2.59 after treatment. The time spent in therapeutic range decreased from 74.1% before treatment to 39.8% during treatment and back to 64.9% 12 weeks posttreatment.

Conclusion

When elbasvir–grazoprevir was added to stable warfarin anticoagulation, warfarin sensitivity decreased significantly during treatment and returned to baseline after treatment.
Implementation of a centralized mail-order pharmacy service
Authors: Kappenman Ashley M , Ragsdale Russell , Rim Matthew H , Tyler Linda S , Nickman Nancy A
Published: August 2019

Purpose

The development and implementation of centralized mail-order pharmacy services in an academic healthcare system are described.

The use of mail-order pharmacy services continues to increase, as mail-order services offer patient benefits such as reduced copayments and improved clinical outcomes. Prior to undertaking an initiative to improve its mail-order pharmacy services, the University of Utah Health system’s pharmacy department offered decentralized mail-order pharmacy services at all of its retail pharmacies, but there was no standardized process for processing mail-order prescriptions or providing phone support to mail-order patients. Centralized mail-order pharmacy services were developed and implemented by creating (1) a standard process for mail-order pharmacy services, (2) a centralized mail-order prescription filling center, and (3) a call center to support mail-order pharmacy services. Implementation of centralized mail-order pharmacy services resulted in an almost 50% reduction in time spent by pharmacy team members on mail-order prescription filling and packaging tasks. Use of a central call center resulted in a decreased call abandonment rate and contributed to a decreased pharmacy workload resulting from an overall reduction in call volume due to an increased rate of first-call issue resolution.

Conclusion

Establishment of a centralized mail-order pharmacy service along with operational and infrastructure improvements resulted in improved quality and regulatory compliance and enhanced labor efficiency and patient communication.
Effects of an automatic discontinuation of antibiotics policy: A novel approach to antimicrobial stewardship
Authors: Bolten Bailey C , Bradford J Lacie , White Brittany N , Heath Gregory W , Sizemore James M , White Cyle E
Published: August 2019

Purpose

A novel automatic discontinuation policy implemented within an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is described, and results of an evaluation of the policy’s effects on antibiotic usage are reported.

Methods

A retrospective, before-and-after study was conducted at an 800-bed, tertiary care, academic teaching hospital to evaluate selected antibiotic usage outcomes in both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU adult patients targeted for ASP interventions before and after implementation of an automatic discontinuation of antibiotics policy (ADAP) authorizing the ASP team to automatically halt antibiotic therapy in cases involving inappropriate duplicate antimicrobial coverage or excess duration of therapy. The primary outcome was total days of antibiotic therapy. Secondary outcomes included excess days of therapy and rates of 30-day readmission, Clostridioides difficile infection, and multidrug-resistant infection.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in group demographics or clinical characteristics. The most common indication for antibiotics was hospital-acquired pneumonia, and the most common reason for ASP intervention was excess duration of therapy. The mean total number of antibiotic days per patient was reduced from 7.6 days in the pre-ADAP group to 6.6 days in the post-ADAP group (p < 0.05). The mean number of excess days of antibiotics was similarly reduced, from 2.3 days to 1.5 days, after implementation of the ADAP (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Adoption of an ADAP—a more active approach to ASP interventions—was effective in reducing overall antibiotic usage and improving the efficiency of the ASP.