bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Problem of Transmitting Church Tradition in the Works by Sergey Fudel
Authors: Cherepanov D. D.
Published: December 2023

The article is dedicated to one of the most relevant issues in religious thought—the preservation of church tradition. The interest in this issue became particularly acute for Russian religious thinkers of the 20th century, who witnessed radical changes in living conditions and collective consciousness. The article examines the interpretation of the issue in the works by Sergey Fudel (1900–1977), a church writer and carrier of pre-revolutionary Russian culture. He had communication with outstanding spiritual figures spanning the late 19th to the 20th centuries, confessors of faith, and new martyrs. The church and historical context of Fudel’s works is explored, clarifying the connection between the writer’s views on the transmission of church tradition, his own biography, the figures of his mentors, and the existence conditions for the persecuted Church, evidenced in Fudel’s writings. The article sheds light on the writer’s response to changes in the conditions of church life in the mid-20th century and the feeling of a “generation gap” that emerged in him. It reconstructs Fudel’s notion of the “monastery in the world” as an environment where church tradition is preserved. The correlation between Fudel’s concept of church tradition and his ecclesiological views is illuminated. The research findings lead to the conclusion that the phenomenon of the “hidden Church” as an alliance of “two or three” disciples of Christ was not, in Fudel’s view, a temporary solution stemming from the era of persecutions. Instead, the writer regarded such an experience as an exposition of the Church’s original teaching about itself and an enduring model of church relations. Like many others, Fudel acknowledged the providential significance of trials undergone by the Russian Church. However, he insisted that the experience of the “hidden Church” revealed the original teaching of the Church about itself, preserved throughout the ages. The article also considers the relationship between Fudel’s views and other approaches to the “generation gap” problem. Fudel’s evaluation of previous eras, marked by the “external prosperity” of Christianity, allows characterization of his attitude towards various concepts of tradition, both classical, tracing back to the times of the Byzantine Empire, and those contemporary to the writer.
A SHARI’AH ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION LOAN SCHEME IN THE MALDIVES
Authors: Shujau Ahmed , Mahomed Ziyaad , Muneeza Aishath
Published: December 2023

This study conducts a thorough Shari’ah analysis of the National Higher Education Loan Scheme (NSLS) in the Maldives, aiming to assess its adherence to Islamic financial principles. Employing a qualitative desk review research method, it systematically collects and analyzes existing literature, documents, reports, and academic publications related to the NSLS, offering insights into its financing structure, service charges, and contractual obligations. The research reveals critical findings, including concerns about the 1% service charge, the absence of formal Shari’ah oversight, and varying scholarly opinions regarding its Islamic compliance. Importantly, it provides recommendations to enhance the NSLS's alignment with Shari’ah principles, potentially serving as a blueprint for ethically sound higher education funding. This study's originality lies in its pioneering exploration of a relatively uncharted area and its potential to inspire future research and innovative Shari’ah-compliant financing models in higher education, not only in the Maldives but also in broader Islamic contexts.
ENHANCING THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR WAQF IN THE MALDIVES
Authors: Mohamed Ismail Muslih , Abdel Mohsin Magda Ismail
Published: December 2023

This paper delves into the historical significance of the classical Waqf concept in the Maldives, tracing its roots to embracing Islam in 1153 AD. However, the prominence of Waqf waned over time due to various social, political, and economic factors. The absence of a formalised legal and regulatory framework further contributed to this decline. Recent efforts by the Government have revitalised the Waqf institution despite the need for a specific regulatory structure. This study examines the existing regulatory framework for Waqf operations in the Maldives, focusing on its legal aspect. Through a qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews with relevant officials, this research sheds light on the Maldivian Waqf industry and its regulatory framework, offering insights to facilitate the systemisation of its Waqf regulatory framework. This research's findings anticipate assisting policymakers in further enhancing the Waqf legal framework in the Maldives.
A STUDY ON THE MALAYSIAN SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING GUIDELINES FOR ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Misman Siti Nursyawani , Adnan Ieman Huda
Published: December 2023

The Sustainability reporting landscape has expanded to include Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs), reflecting a growing emphasis on the integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations into the business and management of IFIs. With the growing number of ESG-motivated stakeholders, sustainability reporting has become essential to inform the public about the IFIs' efforts and initiatives in ensuring their active involvement in this area. To further strengthen the need for sustainability reporting, the country's regulators, particularly the financial regulators, play a pivotal role in providing the industry with specific guidelines on what to report in sustainability reporting to ensure relevant stakeholders receive standardised reporting content. Nevertheless, this is yet to be the case in Malaysia, considering only general guidelines provided by the Malaysian financial regulator with the lack of specific standards provided for financial institutions, particularly for non-listed financial institutions. However, the current sustainability reporting guidelines should be appraised as they show Malaysian financial regulators' progressive efforts towards enhancing sustainability reporting in this country. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the well-accepted sustainability reporting standards and guidelines applicable for Malaysian IFIs, which were introduced at the global and national levels. The study adopted a descriptive analysis approach by perusing the Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) standard and a few Malaysian guidelines for sustainability reporting applicable to financial institutions.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ISLAMIC ECONOMICS PARADIGMS COMPARED
Authors: Ghlamallah Ezzedine
Published: December 2023

The article, in three parts, compares the divergences and convergences between the paradigms of sustainable development and Islamic economics. The first part of this article deals with the sustainable development paradigm. This paradigm is analysed through its three-dimensional definition and the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The second part characterizes the Islamic economics paradigm: Islamic economics is defined through a multidimensional approach and its objectives are outlined. The third section compares the two paradigms, revealing their divergence and convergence. The comparison shows that there is considerable conceptual convergence between these two paradigms and that their definitions and objectives converge insofar as they share the same universal ambition of achieving human well-being. These convergences can be observed in their theoretical models, dimensions, and values. They also share certain limitations, results, failures, and paradoxes.
Adressing The Principal-Agent Problem in Equity Crowdfunding in Malaysia
Authors: Rosli Faris Imadi , S. Shahida
Published: December 2023

SMEs are the highest establishment across sectors in Malaysia. They contributed significantly towards economic growth by providing business opportunities and employment. However, limited access to finance remains as the main constraint for SMEs to grow. Recently non-formal financing intermediaries, i.e. equity crowdfunding platforms, emerges globally in providing alternative source of funds for the SMEs. It is expected that this healthy development could not be sustained due to “the principal-agent problem” between the investors and the SMEs. Therefore, this study will further explains this particular issue. This qualitative study is based on library search, document analysis, as well as interviews with representatives from equity crowdfunding platform operators. It is observed that information asymmetry is the key element where the issue heat up; where both investors and SMEs have to be more transparent. The notable conflicts are the investors do not see equity investment is a long-term investment, and the SMEs do not have proper business plan. The study recommends some suggestions based on classical and modern compensation structures of principal-agent problem to minimize the conflict between the investors and SMEs involved in equity crowdfunding.
Faktor ‘Urf dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Syara’ Berkaitan Isu -Isu Muamalah
Authors: Muhamad Hilmi Ahmad Misbah
Published: December 2023

Ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan (Library Research ). Sumber kajian ini  adalah kitab usul fiqh, fiqh dan al-Qawâid al-Fiqhiyah yang berkaitan dengan perkara  kajian iaitu úrf. Selain itu tulisan ini ingin menjawab persoalan, apa implikasi perubahan ‘urf terhadap isu-isu fiqh yang telah ditetapkan berdasarkan ‘urf . Metode deskriptif, komparatif dan analisis isi (content analisys) digunakan dalam kajian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahawa pembaharuan hukum Islam penting, terutama terhadap hukum-hukum yang ditetapkan berdasarkan ‘urf.‘Urf adalah perkara yang dibiasakan oleh kebanyakan masyarakat di semua atau sebahagian negeri, samada dalam bentuk ucapan maupun perbuatan. Ia dapat dijadikan dalil dalam pembaharuan hukum syara’ atau diterima sebagai kaedah hukum Islam.
This is a library research. The source of the study is from the book of usul fiqh, fiqh and al-Qawâid al-Fiqhiyah which relates to the subject of the study namely the úrf method. Besides that, this article intended to answer the question, what is the implication of 'urf' change on fiqh issues that have been determined based on the 'urf' method. Descriptive, comparative and content analyzes methods were used in this study.  The results of this study show that the reform of an Islamic law is important, especially the law developed based on 'urf.  Urf is a condition which is accustomed to most people at all or a part of the state, either in the form of speech or action. It can be used as a proposition in the reform of Islamic law ' or adopted as a method in Islamic law.
Pelaksanaan Kontrak Foreign Exchange Swap (Fx Swap) Konvensional pada Persepektif Syariah
Authors: Mohd Dasar Mohd Hafiz , Ahmad Azlin Alisa
Published: December 2023

Swap merupakan salah satu produk derivatif yang terdapat dalam pasaran kewangan. Ianya digunakan sebagai salah satu mekanisme melindung nilai bagi pelabur dari terdedah dengan risiko ketidaktentuan harga pasaran. Pelaksanaan instrumen FX Swap konvensional telah dikritik hebat oleh ramai sarjana kewangan Islam semasa. Objektif artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji struktur pelaksanaan FX Swap di institusi perbankan Malaysia. Selain itu, kajian ini juga akan mengenalpasti isu-isu syariah yang wujud dalam pelaksanaan kontrak ini. Kajian ini hanya menyentuh pelaksanaan instrumen FX Swap di perbankan Malaysia. Metodologi kajian adalah berdasarkan kajian kualitatif dan melibatkan kajian analisis dokumen. Hasil dari kajian ini mendapati setiap kontrak dalam swap mempunyai struktur dan tujuan yang berbeza-beza diantara satu sama lain. Selain itu juga, terdapat isu-isu syariah yang wujud antaranya ialah riba, gharar, perjudian dan spekulasi.
Swap is one of the derivative products available in the financial markets. It is used as one of the hedging mechanisms for investors from being exposed to the risk of market price uncertainty. The implementation of conventional FX Swap instruments has been criticized by many current Islamic finance scholars. The objective of this article is to review the structure of the FX Swap implementation in Malaysian banking institutions. In addition, this study will also identify the shariah issues that exist in the implementation of this contract. This study only discuses the implementation of the FX Swap instrument in Malaysian banking. The research methodology is based on a qualitative study and involves document analysis study. The results of this study show that each contract in the swap has different structures and objectives between one another. In addition, there are sharia issues that exist which include riba, gharar, gambling and speculation.
Corporations and The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Ansary Riaz
Published: December 2023

The main unit for organizing economic activity in the world today is the corporation. No other form of organization has come close to it in its effectiveness in generating wealth. This has, however, come with considerable costs, the most pressing being environmental degradation and climate change. In 2015, the United Nations agreed upon 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). Given the legal structure of corporations and their past history, the problems they may pose to achieving some of those SDGs need to be examined. The most problematic areas are climate action, justice and strong institutions, reducing inequalities, and decent work. It is also worth noting that the SDG of economic growth may be oxymoronic and incompatible with some of the other goals. A key problem posed by the corporation as a legal entity is that its directors are legally required to maximize shareholder profits. That goal requires holding down costs, and the most effective way to do so is to externalize them. When the costs of corporate actions to the rest of society are fully calculated, their economic benefits begin to look less appealing than their balance sheets would indicate. The benefit corporation offers an interesting alternative form of business organization. There are also many sensible proposals for limiting the harm of regular corporations; however, the prospects of altering public policy on the basis of such proposals appear politically unattainable.
Analysing The Performance of Malaysian Islamic and Conventional Stock Portfolios
Authors: Rakhi Sharmeen , Hoque Ariful , Hassan Kamrul
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the performance of Islamic stock portfolio (ISP) and conventional stock portfolio (CSP) in the Malaysian stock market. The well-accepted four performance measures Jensen’s Alpha, Beta, Sharpe ratio and Treynor ratio are employed to evaluate the performance of ISP and CSP. First the ISP and CSP are constructed within-the-sector for the consumer product, industrial product, plantation, properties and trading service sectors from January 2010 to December 2017. For the same period, the ISP and CSP are also developed across-the-sectors by selecting one top stock from each sector. The minimum three out of four performance measures indicate that the ISP outperforms CSP within-the-sector for all sectors except plantation. However, the ISP and CSP perform equally across-the-sectors. It can be concluded that the ISP is superior to CSP in terms of risk-return trade-off in most of the cases within-the-sector. This finding implies that risk-sharing strategy of the ISP is better than risk-diversification strategy of the CSP for higher portfolio return.
USING INNOVATIVE WAQF PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES TO ENHANCE AFFORDABLE AND SUSTAINABLE HEALTHCARE FUNDING IN RURAL INDIA
Authors: CONTEH SEEDY , Damkar Mohammed Shehbaz , Albakri Nimer said
Published: December 2023

Historically, Islamic social institution such as waqf have been very instrumental in providing social services including healthcare to the poor and needy in society. Currently, the problem of financing health services is being raised in many developing countries including India. According to statistics, India’s healthcare sector falls below international benchmarks for physical infrastructure and manpower and even falls below the standards existing in comparable developing countries. About 75% of health infrastructure, medical manpower and other health resources are concentrated in urban areas where only 27% of the population lives. Estimates indicate that, India needs to open 600 medical colleges (100 seats per college) and 1500 nursing colleges (60 seats per college) in order to meet the global average of doctors and nurses. Meanwhile, India is one major non-Muslim country in the world that has huge and varieties of waqf properties and a comprehensive waqf Act for administration. However, Indian waqf properties have for far too long failed to provide benefits to the community as they should, partly due to undeveloped, underdeveloped, dilapidated waqf properties. The innovative utilization and development of these properties could have a far reaching and profound impact on the lives of rural Indians especially among the Muslim communities. This paper seeks to examine venture philanthropy as a possible innovative investment options and property development technique for India waqf properties in a bit to enhance and provide affordable healthcare finding in rural India. The paper adopts qualitative content analysis as a methodology and mainly reviewed literature from published articles and relevant reports. The conclusion suggests that, with proper innovative investments and development approaches for waqf properties such as venture philanthropy, there will be rapid improvement in healthcare funding particularly for the rural poor who barely have any or adequate access to quality healthcare services.
THE ROLE OF KEY FUNCTIONS IN MANAGING AND REPORTING THE SHARIAH NON-COMPLIANT INCOME (SNCI) IN MALAYSIAN ISLAMIC BANKS
Authors: Johari Norhanizah , Kasim Nawal , Mohd Ali Nor Aishah , Mohd Arshad Roshayani
Published: December 2023

Effective risk management is an essential component in sustaining business growth and profitability. To be competitive in the industries, every bank has to establish strategic risk management guidelines to exercise effective control in minimizing risk management failures. This is where the control functions are essential in exercising their roles with the advice of the Shariah Committee and approved by the board. This study is mainly to explore the roles of key functions in managing and reporting of Shariah Non-Compliant Income (SNCI) in Islamic banks in Malaysia. Data were gathered from in-depth interviews from the key functions of 10 participating IBs, and review analysis of two policy documents on the Financial Reporting for Islamic Banking Institutions and Shariah Governance Policy 2019. It is interesting to note that purification measures of SNCI need further attention due to little guidelines from the regulator. The findings may benefit multiple users.
SURVEY STUDY OF THE AWARENESS ON ISLAMIC BANKING AMONG NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA (UKM) STUDENTS
Authors: Ramlan Muhammad Nadzif , Binti Raof Nur Aliah Farhana , Mohd Zaini Nurfarah Amira , Zainal Abidin Siti Noratifa Idayu
Published: December 2023

This study discusses National University of Malaysia (UKM) Bangi campus students' awareness on Islamic banking with 103 randomly distributed respondents based on an 11-item questionnaire and analysed via IBM SPSS 29.0 with acceptable internal consistency of 0.608 (Cronbach’s Alpha) and gendered analysis from Mann-Whitney Test. The objectives of this study are to measure the level of understanding among UKM students on the Islamic banking system; identify Islamic banking products that would be their choices; and analyse students' expectations on Islamic banking system in the future. The findings prove that whilst most students claimed that they were aware of the Islamic banking system and technology, they became more divided as we discuss its future such as the prospect of Islamic banking and its capability to replace conventional banking. However, students also admitted that the top three limiting factors preventing them from becoming customers in Islamic banking institutions in descending order are i) limited knowledge of Islamic banking, ii) the stigma that investment return from Islamic banks are less than that of conventional banks, and iii) religious or cultural reasons.
How Does Media Coverage Affect the Outcomes of the Elections?
Authors: Smajlović Hana , Čolakhodžić Faris
Published: December 2023

During elections, the media plays an important role in shaping public opinion and educating voters because it gives candidates a forum to share their platforms and gives the public access to information about the candidates platforms and policies. This research paper looks at the role of the media in the outcomes of the elections, and tries to understand how much influence it has. Main focus of this research and the research question is how does media coverage affect the outcomes of the elections? Main assumption or hypothesis is that there is a significant media influence on the outcomes of elections. This paper explored various media channels, including social media, TV, newspapers, and radio, revealing their multifaceted role in shaping public decisions. Non-experimental quantitative research is conducted to address the research question. Data collection method that is used is a survey. Collected data is then analysed and discussed. As nearly everyone engages with some form of media, this research highlights the media’s potential to shape individual beliefs and, ultimately, election outcomes. Meaning that through survey and collected data the hypothesis is proven to be correct.
Effects of Steel Springs on the Flexural Strength of Normal Concrete Beams: A Numerical and Experimental Study
Authors: Mohammed Ilham Ibrahim
Published: December 2023

In this research study, the possibility of deployment of steel spring utilization to reinforce a concrete beam is investigated and compared with steel bars; this is done to enhance the flexural strength of the structural concrete beam. For this purpose, three specimens are prepared: a plain concrete beam, a reinforced concrete beam, and a spring-reinforced concrete beam. A point bending test is dedicated to calculating the failure strength of each specimen. ABAQUS program is being used to simulate the three test specimens with the same properties as the experimental test samples to verify the results. The results of the numerical simulations for the flexural stress and the plastic strain of each model are collected and compared with the experimental tests. The results manifested a particularly good verification for the experimental tests, and the spring-reinforced concrete beam displayed an excellent flexural strength that exceeded the flexural strength of the reinforced concrete beam. This indicates that the spring-reinforced concrete beam, according to the properties of the spring, is a promising endeavor for use in the construction industry.
Analysis of Canal Blocking Distribution to Reduce Sabangau Tropical Peat Swamp Forest Fires
Authors: Perkasa Petrisly , Gumiri Sulmin , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Permana Indrawan
Published: December 2023

The vast tropical peat swamp forest in Sabangau, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, makes it difficult for officials to fight forest fires. Forest and tropical peatland fires are recurring events caused by anthropogenic activities around forests. This study aims to provide patterns of forest fires that have occurred over the past 11 years and produce predictive patterns for mitigation planning in 2023 and 2027. The method used is overlay, an analysis method carried out on several maps with mapping software. The results of this study show four factors cause forest fires, namely: The number of canals that penetrate the Sabangau Peat Forest Nature Laboratory of Palangka Raya University, the number of anthropogenic human activities, rainfall that is a small part of El Nino, and the limited ability of Peat Forest Nature Laboratory of Palangka Raya University area managers to maintain groundwater levels above (- 0.33 m). The overlap method stitches several theme maps together to create a new map. It is then geographically processed to describe various events and predictions of each causal factor.
EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS LEADING TO ROP IN SOUTHERN PUNJAB, A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY
Authors: MALIK A , ASIF M , HASSAN F , RAO MRQ , AADIL N
Published: December 2023

The study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature children. The study was conducted prospectively in the Neonatal Unit of Nishtar Medical Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 located in southern Punjab. The study included premature children who had a birth weight of less than 1500 g, gestational age of 32 weeks or less, and infants who had low Apgar scores, respiratory distress syndrome, blood transfusion, sepsis, infection, hydrocephaly, microcephaly, and twin pregnancy. Children with ischemic zones and changes in blood vessels had ROP and were treated by ophthalmologists and surgeons. The study found that out of the total 70 premature children included, 4 (5.7%) had active ROP, and 66 (94.2%) showed spontaneous regression of ROP. The patients with active ROP had a mean gestational age of 27.4±1.4 weeks, and there was a significant association between early gestational age and ROP. Patients who developed active ROP had oxygen therapy for 21±3.5 days compared to 12.6±1.2 days in those without ROP (P<0.05). The most common retinal changes were the development of ischemic zones (61.4%), bleeding (24.2%), changes in blood vessels (15.7%), and changes in the optic nerve (1.4%). Of the 70 patients, 4 (5.7%) were in Zone I, 21 (30%) were in Zone II, and 45 (64.2%) were in Zone III. All patients in the zone I had active ROP, suggesting a significant association between zones and the development of ROP (P <.05). In conclusion, the study found that low birth weight, early gestational age, low Apgar score, and longer duration of oxygen therapy significantly increased the risk of ROP.
Trying to Discuss the Important Significance of Semiotics in Film Criticism
Authors: Zhou Ziluo
Published: December 2023

Symbols are representative and symbolic signs that carry information that can be accepted and perceived. Modern semiotics emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, pioneered by Saussure and Peirce, and further developed and extended with the rise of structuralism. Film semiotics, a newly born methodology, has had profound effects on film criticism and film studies. This paper, based on the semiotic perspective, explores the origins and applications of film semiotics theory, examining its significance and contemporary value in film criticism.
Femtosecond pulsed laser technology and applications
Authors: Li DongCheng
Published: December 2023

This paper describes femtosecond pulsed laser technology and related applications. The focus is on two core femtosecond pulsed laser technologies: femtosecond pulsed laser generation and amplification. In the generation of femtosecond pulsed lasers, mode-locking techniques, Kerr-lens mode-locking, and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors are presented; in the amplification of femtosecond pulsed lasers, chirped-pulse amplification and coherent synthesis techniques are presented. This paper analyses the applications of femtosecond pulsed lasers in both the biomedical and manufacturing sectors and gives the development trends as well as the challenges of femtosecond laser technology. Femtosecond lasers are now used in a wide range of applications. Femtosecond pulsed lasers will develop in the directions of high power, miniaturisation, intelligence and precision. Laser tweezers will become the new direction of development in the future.
Judging Messis and Ronaldos scoring ability in different situations according to the model
Authors: Chen Xinrui , Tang Yufei
Published: December 2023

In the past decade, two players have overshadowed others in soccer. Who is better, Lionel Messi or Cristiano Ronaldo, has been debated for over a decade. Unlike basketball, the low-scoring nature of soccer dictates that one usually cannot visually conclude the game. Most people discuss who shines in terms of statistics, but there is no way to know the goal-scoring preferences of either man. This paper explores the goal-scoring ability of the two men in different situations to prove who is more complete based on the goal-scoring records of the 2020-2021 season and the data required for expected goals (xG). The study results prove that Messi is more dominant with long-range shots, and Ronaldo scores goals in all visible ranges. This paper introduces a new method of comparing Messi and Ronaldo and uses it as an example to develop a comparison that applies to all players.
A competitive infectious transmission model
Authors: Ye Siqi , Men Jiarui , Hao Yongtai
Published: December 2023

Compartmental disease transmission models are widely used to model state transmission in infectious diseases, using differential equations to model the change in the number of units in different states over time, and recently has produced significant practical implications in many downstream fields. However, inspired by the transmission of rumors in social media, we note that the previous compartmental transfer models neglect the "competitiveness" during the transfer process, that is, the "infection" of people with positive and negative opinions to "susceptibles" or even people with opposing views. To tackle the above issues, in this paper, we propose a novel competitive infectious transmission model in which the "infection" will lead to more people supporting the opinion of the infector, effectively establishing the change of the number of units in the positive, negative, and neutral parties over time. In addition, we performed extensive theoretical analysis to investigate the property of the disease-free equilibrium and to calculate the basic reproduction numbers for three different scenarios. For each system, we derive explicit solutions for the basic reproduction numbers and discuss their important implications for guidance in practice.
Research and prospects of encryption mechanism for quantum communication
Authors: Guo Qingyang
Published: December 2023

With the continuous advancement of quantum communication technology, the public's interest in quantum mechanics and quantum communication has been steadily increasing. However, due to the general level of knowledge and misleading popular science videos on the internet, there are significant misconceptions regarding the understanding of quantum mechanics and quantum communication technology. This study aims to enhance readers' understanding of this field by providing an accessible introduction to the fundamentals of quantum mechanics and quantum communication. This paper starts by elaborating on the basic concepts of quantum mechanics, such as wave function, eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of observables, and the superposition of eigenstates. Then, taking polarization of light as an example, the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics are explained. Subsequently, through the examples of the BB84 and B92 protocols, the working principles of quantum communication and its advantage of being secure against eavesdropping are explained. Finally, an overview of the current status and technological challenges faced by quantum communication technology is provided. It is our expectation that readers, after reading this paper, will enhance their understanding of the theoretical foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum communication, thereby avoiding being misled by erroneous information from the internet and real-life sources.
It is generally impossible to determine whether a rational point lies in the interior or on the boundary of a closed set algorithmically
Authors: Liu Baiqing , Zhu Xinyao
Published: December 2023

It seems true that we can almost always determine the position of a specific point when a set is given. Namely, we could assert whether this point lies at this set's interior, boundary, or exterior. However, this is not always the case in constructive mathematics. In this research, we will show that it is generally impossible to algorithmically determine whether a rational point lies in the interior of a closed productive set or on the boundary of it. We conduct our proof by making contradictions. Firstly, We used an unextendible algorithm to construct a rational point and a closed set on the natural line. Secondly, we reformulate the assumption "we could decide whether the point lies in the interior or on the boundary of a closed set to we could determine the program will eventually print 1". Thirdly, we constructed an extension of the program to all the positive integers, which is a contradiction to our assumption. Hence, we concluded that it is impossible to figure out the position of the rational point algorithmically.
Using logistic function to predict epidemic trend of COVID-19 in China
Authors: Xu Yihao
Published: December 2023

As the novel coronavirus continues to spread and mutate, there has been growing concern over public health. Multiple measures have been enacted to mitigate the transmission of the disease, resulting in varying infection scenarios across different countries. To achieve timely and effective control of the epidemic, we note that predicting the future course of an epidemic plays an important role. The logistic function, a continuous-time demographic model, may be a suitable mathematical tool for estimating the trend of the epidemic. This paper aims to evaluate the accuracy of the logistic map in estimating the future trend of the COVID-19. We collect the most recent COVID-19 epidemiological data prior to January 30, 2023, and subsequently integrate figures into the curve fitting tool in MATLAB to generate an epidemic curve. By comparing the actual numbers and the predicted figures, the accuracy of logistic map can be properly assessed.
The principle and state-of-art applications of Gravitational lensing
Authors: Wu Shaoyuan
Published: December 2023

Gravitational lensing, since Einstein proposed, has developed into an essential part of astronomical exploration. On this basis, lots of projects will observe high-intensity explosive transients, such as gravitational waves generated by the merging of dense binaries, so as to improve the accuracy of cosmological observation. Strong gravitational lensing is an effective observation method, which can be used to observe dark mass (sub) halos and test various dark matter models. This study takes Gravitational wave as an example, analyses the application background and mode of explosive transient, and introduces the new measurement methods for dark matter detection. The measurement of redshifted chirp mass and luminosity distance of Gravitational wave is introduced through the formula. Analysis of the characteristics of dark of the pertuber through more group detections will be helpful for new investigation method in the future. In order to make a credible judgment of the nature of the universe, more experiments need to be carried out in these two aspects. This study briefly analyses the progress in these two fields, aiming to encourage more future exploration.
Source of IC power consumption and low power design
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Dong Lingxuan , Yuan Shuo , Gu Junhao
Published: December 2023

In these years, with the continuous development of 14nm and 7nm chip processes and the increasing popularity of computers, cell phones, and smart homes, the growing market of electronic products and ultra-fine research for the reliability of the chip requirements gradually increased. The method of reducing power consumption in the new context of new technology is called the chip field die-cut concern. This paper mainly summarizes two aspects of power consumption sources and methods to reduce power consumption, to provide a reference basis for future research directions: First, the major sources of power consumption are static power consumption and dynamic power consumption. The primary sources of static power consumption are sub-threshold leakage and gate leakage current. This paper also mentions some other leakage currents, such as reverse bias PN junction current and induced leakage current, which can be more carefully considered when exploring methods to reduce power consumption. A more comprehensive consideration when exploring ways to reduce power consumption. Dynamic power consumption is mainly divided into Switching power and Internal power and short-circuit power. Then we summarize the existing methods which can reduce power consumption: Clock gating (including Clock gating without a latch and Clock gating with a latch), Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling, multi-supply and multi-voltage technology, Power gating and multi-threshold voltage. These methods are from a proprietary perspective to reduce power consumption.
Using sensor fusion technology to realize pedestrian recognition and hazard assessment
Authors: Li Yinqi
Published: December 2023

The prevailing technology for pedestrian recognition in unmanned driving, predominantly reliant on LiDAR, confronts the dual challenges of elevated expenses and limited anti-interference capabilities. To surmount these obstacles, this paper introduces an inventive fusion methodology that harmonizes inputs from visual cameras, 4D millimeter wave radar, and thermal imaging sensors. The advantages and promising development prospects of 4D millimeter wave radar over laser radar are comprehensively elucidated. By leveraging advanced signal processing algorithms, a robust mathematical model is formulated, facilitating the synthesis of information from a multitude of distinctive feature parameters. In tandem, an assessment of the hazard index is executed using the analytic hierarchy process, enriching vehicular safety and driving efficiency. This innovative approach strives to foster the progression of autonomous vehicle technology and expedite its commercial assimilation into the burgeoning autonomous driving market. By harnessing the synergistic capabilities of multiple sensor modalities, the proposed fusion technique not only addresses the existing limitations but also charts a transformative course towards a safer and more efficient autonomous driving landscape. Through the amalgamation of these cutting-edge technologies, this research aspires to carve a path for the accelerated evolution and widespread deployment of autonomous vehicles.
Innovation of new energy equipment in the context of smart grid
Authors: Liu Hanlin
Published: December 2023

Charging pile technology is of great significance for the popularization of electric vehicles and the construction of smart grids. By analyzing the development status and trend of charging pile technology against the background of the smart grid, this paper discusses the future development direction of charging pile technology. The research results show that the development prospect of charging pile technology under the background of smart grids is very broad, and it is necessary for the government and enterprises to make joint efforts to solve the problems of high construction costs and unreasonable layout of charging piles through technological innovation and policy support, promote the rapid development of charging pile technology, and provide better support for the development of the electric vehicle market. Charging pile technology is an important device connecting electric vehicles and power grids, which is of great significance for the popularization of electric vehicles and the construction of smart grids. This essay designs a kind of high-power intelligent charging pile which can meet the security protection level, carry out real-time monitoring, real-time data acquisition and interconnection.
A review of some new materials for lightweight and better performance purposes in vehicle components
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhou Zhihan , Liu Zihan , Xue Chenghao
Published: December 2023

Automobiles are the worlds primary way to travel, which leads to a constant race that automobile manufacturers are improving their vehicle performance by reducing weight. This paper introduces the values of density, yield strength, tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and other properties of some new materials such as carbon fiber composite, magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-strength steel, and carbon ceramic. Their drawbacks and advantages in vehicle industries and their potential development are presented in this paper.
ML-based SDN performance prediction
Authors: Liu Zihao
Published: December 2023

Software-defined networking (SDN), a new type of network architecture with the advantages of programmability and centralized management, has become a promising solution for managing and optimizing network traffic in modern data centers. However, designing efficient SDN controllers and applications requires a deep understanding of their network performance characteristics. In this work, we implement a machine learning-based method for SDN performance prediction. Our method uses supervised learning to build a training model based on a set of publicly available real network traffic datasets and then uses the model to predict future network performance metrics, such as RTT, S2C, and C2C. Our method is evaluated in two different SDN distributed deployment structures, demonstrating its effectiveness in network performance prediction. We observed that XGBoost achieves the lowest error in most of the cases in terms of MAE, RMSE and MAPE, and feature selection through PCA fails to further improve the prediction performance of XGBoost.
Machine learning for sustainable investing: Current applications and overcoming obstacles in ESG analysis
Authors: Liang Xiaqi
Published: December 2023

The intersection of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues and Machine Learning (ML) has garnered significant attention in recent years as companies and investors increasingly recognize the paramount importance of sustainable and responsible business practices. ML techniques have been actively explored to tackle various ESG-related challenges, including enhancing ESG data quality and availability, developing comprehensive and dynamic ESG risk models, and optimizing ESG portfolios. The overall process of applying ML models in ESG analysis involves data collection, preprocessing, model training and evaluation, and model interpretation. Commonly used ML models in ESG analysis include logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, and support vector machines. However, there are notable obstacles to overcome, such as the lack of standardization and transparency in ESG data, as well as the potential for bias and ethical concerns in ML-based approaches. Further research and collaborative efforts among researchers and practitioners are crucial to fully realize the potential of ML in enhancing ESG analysis while ensuring transparency, ethical use, and alignment with sustainable and responsible investing principles.
Research on momentum strategy and contrarian strategy in AI stock prediction
Authors: Zhao Yinuo
Published: December 2023

The emergence of ChatGPT has significantly enhanced the recognition and acceptance of artificial intelligence concept stocks within the Chinese stock market. Nevertheless, the short- and long-term fluctuations in the prices of AI companies remain uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine optimal strategy for evaluating the suitability of the contrarian strategy versus the momentum strategy in predicting the stock prices of AI concept stocks in the Chinese stock market. Based on a cross-comparison of the Chinese financial data sources iFinD and Wind Economic Database (EDB), this study collects the price data of AI concept stocks over the past six months, starting from the date of ChatGPT's publication. This study employ Python to model stock price movements for both the momentum and reversal strategies. The goodness of fit is evaluated by comparing the modeled stock prices with the actual stock prices. This study demonstrates that the momentum strategy exhibits greater explanatory power than the contrarian strategy, accurately predicting 84.21% of artificial intelligence concept stocks. However, other studies suggest that while AI concept stocks continue to rise, momentum strategies remain effective, whereas when market sentiment cools down, contrarian strategies become more suitable for Chinese AI concept stocks. Hence, in China, the effectiveness of these strategies may vary depending on the prevailing market conditions.
Introduction for human-centric software engineering
Authors: Ali Josh Mahmood
Published: December 2023

In the evolving landscape of software development, Human-Centric Software Engineering (HCSE) is emerging as a pivotal paradigm, prioritizing human needs and experiences at the core of software engineering processes. This research delves into the fundamental principles of HCSE, its implications on software quality, and the enhanced user satisfaction it promises. Through comprehensive surveys, case study analyses, and user feedback sessions, this study reaffirms the increasing significance of HCSE in modern software development. Despite its evident benefits, the research also sheds light on the organizational barriers hindering its broad adoption. As software systems continue to intertwine with our daily lives, the research underscores the imperative shift from mere functionality to creating holistic, human-centered software experiences.
Edge AI and IoT: Direct integration for on-the-device data processing
Authors: Ali Khudiri Samuri
Published: December 2023

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the Internet of Things (IoT) devices has led to the emergence of Edge AI, a transformative solution that enables data processing directly on the IoT devices or "at the edge" of the network. This paper explores the benefits of Edge AI, emphasizing reduced latency, bandwidth conservation, enhanced privacy, and faster decision-making. Despite its advantages, challenges like resource constraints on IoT devices persist. By examining the practical implications of Edge AI in sectors like healthcare and urban development, this study underscores the paradigm shift towards more efficient, secure, and responsive technological ecosystems.
Profit Analysis of Taxi Industry Under the Sharing Economy Business Model - Take Didi Kuaidi as An Example
Authors: Wang Meicheng
Published: December 2023

The emergence of the sharing economy provides the value reconstruction of the scarcity of idle resources, provides an efficient business model for economic growth and transformation, and becomes an important driver of supply-side reform. Didi Kuaidi is a combination of transportation and the Internet, that is, a form of application that combines actual objects with the Internet. For people's travel, it can also better meet people's short-distance needs, and a new business model makes it have a larger commercial space. At present, Didi Kuaidi ranks in the forefront of domestic Didi Kuaidi operators and seems to be able to sit in Diaoyutai from the perspective of scale. However, Didi Kuaidi still faces many challenges. This paper analyzes the connotation and role of the sharing economy, expounds the operating mechanism and development status of the sharing economy business model, and then makes a case analysis of Didi Kuaidi's business model. It puts forward policy suggestions for the healthy and sustainable development of the sharing economy, including focusing on the construction of Didi Kuaidi, improving service management procedures, actively realizing automated system operation, rational business operation, transforming operating costs, and expanding Didi Kuaidi's promotion methods. It is of great significance to the development of Didi Kuaidi.