bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relevance of Presenting Risks of Frailty, Sarcopaenia and Osteopaenia to Outcomes From Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Authors: Lim Jia Xu , Lim Yuan Guang , Kumar A Aravin , Cheong Tien Meng , Han Julian Xinguang , Chen Min Wei , Wen David Wei , Lim Winston Eng Hoe , Ng Ivan Hua Bak , Ng Vincent Yew Poh , Kirollos Ramez , Keong Nicole Chwee Har
Published: September 2021

IntroductionAneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is a condition with significant morbidity and mortality. In the context of acute brain injury, frailty, sarcopaenia and osteopaenia have become increasing concerns. Multiple indices have been devised in various surgical specialties to predict outcome and guide management. In this study, we examined whether such markers have relevance towards outcomes from acute brain conditions, such as aSAH. MethodsAn observational study in a tertiary neurosurgical unit on 51 consecutive patients with ruptured aSAH was performed. We compared various frailty indices (modified frailty index 11, and 5, and the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program score [NSQIP]), temporalis (TMT) and zygoma thickness (markers of sarcopaenia and osteopaenia), against traditional markers (age, World Federation of Neurological Surgery and modified Fisher scale [MFS]) for aSAH outcomes. ResultsTMT was the best performing marker in our cohort with an AUC of 0.82, Somers’ D statistic of 0.63 and Tau statistic 0.25. Of the frailty scores, the NSQIP performed the best (AUC 0.69, Somer’s D 0.40, Tau 0.16), at levels comparable to traditional markers of aSAH, such as MFS (AUC 0.68, Somer’s D 0.43, Tau 0.17). After multivariate analysis, patients with TMT ≥5.5mm (defined as non-frail), were less likely to experience complications (OR 0.20 [0.06 – 0.069], p = 0.011), and had a larger proportion of favourable mRS on discharge (95.0% vs. 58.1%, p = 0.024) and at 3-months (95.0% vs. 64.5%, p = 0.048). However, the gap between unfavourable and favourable mRS was insignificant at the comparison of 1-year outcomes. ConclusionTMT, as a marker of sarcopaenia, correlated well with the presenting status, and outcomes of aSAH. Frailty, as defined by NSQIP, performed at levels equivalent to aSAH scores of clinical relevance, suggesting that, in patients presenting with acute brain injury, both non-neurological and neurological factors were complementary in the determination of eventual clinical outcomes. Further validation of these markers, in addition to exploration of other relevant frailty indices, may help to better prognosticate aSAH outcomes and allow for a precision medicine approach to decision making and optimization of best outcomes Trial registrationNot applicable
Quantifying human and environmental viral load relationships amidst mitigation strategies in a controlled chamber with participants having COVID-19
Authors: Parhizkar Hooman , Dietz Leslie , Olsen-Martinez Andreas , Horve Patrick , Barnatan Liliana , Northcutt Dale , Wymelenberg Kevin Van Den
Published: September 2021

Several studies indicate that COVID-19 is primarily transmitted within indoor spaces. Therefore, environmental characterization of SARS-CoV-2 viral load with respect to human activity, building parameters, and environmental mitigation strategies is critical to combat disease transmission. We recruited 11 participants diagnosed with COVID-19 to individually occupy a controlled chamber and conduct specified physical activities under a range of environmental conditions; we collected human and environmental samples over a period of three days for each participant. Here we show that increased viral load, measured by lower RNA cycle threshold (CT) values, in nasal samples is associated with higher viral loads in environmental aerosols and surfaces captured in both the near field (1.2 m) and far field (3.5 m). At ambient conditions with ~ 0 Air Changes per Hour (ACH), near field measurements showed a higher particulate matter abundance and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration as compared to far field measurements. We also found that aerosol viral load in far field is correlated with the number of particulates within the range of 1 µm -2.5 µm. Furthermore, increased ventilation and filtration are associated with lower environmental viral loads, and higher relative humidity is associated with lower aerosol viral loads and higher surface viral loads, consistent with an increased rate of particle deposition. Data from near field aerosol trials with high expiratory activities suggest that respiratory particles of smaller sizes (0.3 µm -1 µm) best characterize the variance of near field aerosol viral load. Moreover, our findings indicate that building operation practices such as ventilation, filtration, and humidification substantially reduce the environmental aerosol viral load, and therefore inhalation dose, and should be prioritized to improve building health and safety.
Back Into the Wild: Feces DNA Analyses Track the Return of a Beluga Whale Back to Its Natural Environment
Authors: Günther Babett , Jourdain Eve , Rubincam Lindsay , Karoliussen Richard , Cox Sam , Arnaud-Haon Sophie
Published: September 2021

Following the sudden appearance, and subsequent rehabilitation of an assumed previously captive beluga whale off the coast of Norway, we investigate the animal’s ability to readapt to life in the wild. Using DNA analysis, a survey was set up to assess diet throughout the rehabilitation process, and during a return to wild foraging when rehabilitative feeding had ceased. Metabarcoding of collected feces, confirmed the diversification of the beluga whale’s diet to local prey. These findings are indicative of improved foraging behavior, and the ability of this individual to readapt to life in the wild following a period of rehabilitation. Beyond the case study presented here, we demonstrate the power of DNA analysis as a non-intrusive tool to assess the diet of large mammals, and assess progress adapting to life in the wild following release from captivity and rehabilitation programs.
Characterization of LC-MS Based Urine Metabolomics in Healthy Children and Adults
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Tian Xiaoyi , Shi Qinghong , Sun Haidan , Li Jing , Tang Xiaoyue , Guo Zhengguang , Liu Ying , Ma Jie , Ren Na , Jin Fang , He Chengyan , Song Wenqi , Sun Wei
Published: September 2021

Previous studies reported that gender, age, diets or lifestyles could influence urine metabolomics, which should be considered in biomarker discovery. As a consequence, for the baseline of urine metabolomics characteristics, it becomes critical to avoid confounding effects in clinical cohort studies. In this study, we provided a comprehensive characterization of urine metabolomics in a cohort of 348 healthy children (Aged 1~18) and 315 adults (Aged 20-78) for evaluation gender and age effects. Our results suggested that urine metabolites showed larger gender differences in children than in adults. For both male/boy and female/girl, each age group showed specific metabolic characterization. Especially, the pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis and alanine metabolism pathways were enriched in early life. Androgen and estrogen metabolism showed high activity during adolescence and youth stages. Pyrimidine metabolism was enriched in the old stage. This work could help us understand the baseline of urine metabolism characteristics and contribute to further studies of clinical disease biomarker discovery.
Investigating students attitudes and preferences towards disaster learning multimedia to enhance preparedness
Authors: Krnjić Ivanka , Cvetković Vladimir M.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding students’ attitudes and preferences towards disaster learning multimedia to enhance preparedness. The research was conducted during February and March 2021, where the respondents' answers were collected by sending an online survey questionnaire electronically to the email addresses of high schools. The general hypothesis refers to verifying the claim that the application of multimedia in the education of children in schools about disasters ensures that students are acquainted with disasters and develop skills for safety and risk management in case of disasters. The regression model within the conducted research confirmed that the education of students through multimedia has the most significant impact on safety and risk management in disasters. Future directions of research in this field should move towards the analysis of different simulation models that can be of great help to acquaint students with the dangers arising from disasters. Given that simulation has proven to be an effective tool in acquiring knowledge, their application in educating students about disasters would inevitably have significant effects.
Muslim Communities Learning About Second-hand Smoke in Bangladesh (MCLASS II): a combined evidence and theory-based plus partnership intervention development approach.
Authors: Kellar Ian , Azdi Zunayed Al , Jackson Cath , Huque Rumana , Md Noreen Dadirai , Siddiqi Kamran , Team II Trial
Published: September 2021

IntroductionDeaths from second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure are increasing but there is not sufficient evidence to recommend a particular SHS intervention or intervention development approach. Despite the available guidance on intervention reporting, and on the role and nature of pilot and feasibility studies, partial reporting of SHS interventions SHS interventions is common. The decision-making while developing such interventions is often under-reported. This paper describes the processes and decisions employed during transitioning from the aim of adapting an existing mosque-based intervention focused on public health messages, to the development of the content of novel community-based Smoke Free Home (SFH) intervention, that aims to promote smoke-free homes to reduce non-smokers’ exposure to SHS in the home via faith-based messages.MethodsThe development of the SFH intervention had four sequential phases: in-depth interviews with adults in households in Dhaka; identification of an intervention programme theory and content with Islamic scholars from the Bangladesh Islamic Foundation (BIF); user testing of candidate intervention content with adults, and iterative intervention development workshops with Imams and khatibs who trained at the BIF.Resultsit was judged inappropriate to take an intervention adaptation approach. Identification of an intervention programme theory and collaborating with stakeholders in an iterative and collaborative process to identify barriers to the delivery and acceptability of intervention content was feasible.ConclusionThe potential of this community-based intervention to reduce SHS exposure at home and improve lung health among non-smokers in Bangladesh is the result of an iterative and collaborative process. It is the result of the integration of behaviour change evidence and theory, and community stakeholder contributions to the production of the intervention content. This novel combination of intervention development frameworks demonstrates a flexible approach that could provide insights for intervention development in related contexts.FundingMedical Research Council UK under the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases research programme. Grant number MR/P008941/1.
Evaluation of cellular and molecular and anti-apoptotic effects of lipid nanoparticle-containing Artemisia extract in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Aboutalebi Farnaz , Teimouri Maryam , Pooladi Mehdi
Published: September 2021

Ovarian cancer is the fifth reason for the woman's death. When cells get malignant changes in one or both ovaries, ovarian cancer gets formed. This kind of cancer when it is under control, it influenced the fertility of the patient. Artemisia Aucheri Boiss is used for most of the diseases to be healed. Due to the importance of ovarian cancer and the potential of anti-Apoptotic of Artemisia Aucheri Boiss, in this research the extraction of this plant in lipid nanoparticles with the target of cellular and molecular effects and anti Apoptotic loaded on the ovarian cancer cells. In this examination, first nanoparticles containing Artemisia extraction were synthesized by homogenizer plus sonication and subsequently their physical and chemical properties were determined like (size and shape of particles, description of particles, zeta potential, rate of efficiency of essential oil. Then the anti Apoptotic effect of lipid nanoparticle-containing Artemisia extraction in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3 line) was determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis.Results of the cellular effects of lipid nanoparticle-containing extraction of the plant on the ovarian cancer cells show that the increase of viscosity of lipid nanoparticle containing the essence of this plant led to disease in the viability of ovarian cancer cells compared to pure essence. It seem that lipid nanoparticles appear to activate the apoptotic pathway in ovarian cancer cells.
»Das Jahrhundert des Flüchtlingskindes«
Authors: Arnold Antje
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:
Als Peter Härtling am 7.11.2014 mit dem Hessischen Kulturpreis ausgezeichnet wird, spielt er auf die reformpädagogischen »fromme[n] Wünsche« an, die mit dem von Ellen Key 1902 ausgerufenen »Jahrhundert des Kindes« für das 20. Jahrhundert postuliert worden waren, und die, wie er selbst als Kind während und nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg erfahren musste, »unerfüllbar« gewesen seien. Sein Rückblick lässt ihn allerdings zu dem Schluss kommen, dass das 21. Jahrhundert noch »schlimmer« sei, denn es handele sich um das »Jahrhundert des Flüchtlingskindes«. Es liegt folglich nahe, angesichts seines im Herbst 2016 erschienenen »Romans für Kinder«, Djadi, Flüchtlingsjunge, auf den erinnernden Autor zu blicken, der mit 13 Jahren kurz nach Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs zum Waisen wurde.
1960s in Scandinavia
Authors: Strandgaard Jensen Helle
Published: September 2021

This article, based on extensive source material from Denmark, Sweden and Norway, is about the changing norms for children’s media, childhood and art in Scandinavia in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The analysis demonstrates how changes within welfare state institutions converged with the youth rebellion’s wider criticism of children’s low status in traditional power hierarchies, and contributed to new definitions of the role of media in children’s lives. After establishing a wider historical contextualisation, the article moves on to show how the criticism of existing norms in the realm of children’s literature in the mid-1960s grew into a critique of the prevailing ideologies and existing narratives in all children’s media (including film, theatre and television) at the end of the decade. A key figure in the redefinition of norms for children’s media was the Swede, Gunilla Ambjörnsson. Her 1968 book, Trash Culture for Children, led to discussions about the role of media in children’s lives all over Scandinavia. Her core belief in the innate social and political interests of children had a great impact on the ways in which the possibilities for an explicit political agenda in children’s media were conceptualised in Scandinavia at large.
Revolution auf der Bühne
Authors: Mayer Johannes , Kretzschmar Franca
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
Setzt man bei der Darstellung revolutionärer Prozesse im Kindertheater in den 1960/70er Jahren an, so liegt der Fokus auf einer Zeit gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche und politisch-sozialer Bewegungen, die für die Geschichte des Kinder- und Jugendtheaters von besonderer Bedeutung ist (vgl. Schneider 1984). Wie andere Intellektuelle und KünstlerInnen auch wurden Theaterschaffende von den Protesten und dem Klima der Veränderung und des Aufbruchs vielfältig angeregt.
Revolution On StageInsights into the Conditions, Developments and Effects of Emancipatory Children’s Theatre
This article provides an overview of the origin and development of emancipatory children’s theatre in the 1960s and 1970s in Western Germany. The modification of structures in children’s theatre is analysed based on a taxonomy of changes in themes, forms and functions. The analysis shows an increasing politicisation of scripts and plays in theatres for the young and the foundation of new theatres and groups with mainly political goals like GRIPS and Rote Grütze. New formats like Mitspiel [playing along-], Mitmach [participating-] and Vorführ [demonstrating-] theatre emerged alongside the ideas of the German student movement of 1968. Children’s theatres became places for developing a critical perspective on society with major innovations being presented first in independent theatre groups and later adopted in modified forms in municipal theatres. This shift of emphasis still affects contemporary children's and youth theatre. These days, theatres and theatre groups producing professional children's and youth theatre are located in most German cities. Theatre work for young audiences takes a variety of forms and genres, deals with a diversity of themes and includes the participation of the audience and their experiences. Current political affairs and issues of interest and relevance to today’s youth are still at the centre of the theatre productions; however, the focus nowadays is less instructional.
Fiktionalität des Faktischen
Authors: Von Merveldt Nikola
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
Am 1. April 1989 wird das Empire State Building von einem reichen Ölscheich gekauft, der es Stein für Stein, Stahlstrebe für Stahlstrebe, im Wüstensand wieder aufbauen lassen will. Der Schotte James Mac Killian reist von 1923–1925 in einem Heißluftballon um die Welt und berichtet davon. Und in den Fragmenten des Geographenvolks der Orbæ lassen sich versunkene Welten erahnen, die sich mutige Reisende erschlossen und dokumentiert haben. Irritiert mag man sich fragen, ob einem diese Fakten entgangen sind, oder ob David Macaulays Unbuilding (1980) fake news ist, Caroline Mac Killians Journey of the Zephyr (2010) eine Lüge und die beeindruckende Bildbandtrilogie von François Place, Atlas des géographes d’Orbæ (1996–2000), eine unverfrorene Fälschung. Oder sind alle drei ›einfach‹ Bilderbücher und somit ohnehin Fiktion, ja Kunst mit all den ihr zustehenden Freiheiten?
Fictionality of the FactualReflections on the Poetics of Non-Fiction for Young Readers
Drawing on recent research in narratology and theories of fiction, this article proposes ways of productively looking at non­fiction for children beyond the fact­fiction divide. The key to a differentiated analytical toolkit is the semantic distinction between the real and fictional content on the one hand – the question of referentiality – and the prag­matic difference between factual and fictional ways of presenting it on the other hand – whether it lays a claim or not to referential truthfulness on the discursive level. These categories, analysed according to a three­step model developed by Nickel­Bacon, Groeben and Schreier (2000), allow for a nuanced description of the many hybrid forms of non­fiction, especially information picture books. This article will present a typology of dif­ferent variations on the ›fictionality of the factual‹ and the ›factuality of the fictional‹ in current information books for young readers, and show that there is more fiction in non­fiction than is commonly assumed.
Geschichte(n) zwischen Fakt und Fiktion
Authors: Bidmon Agnes
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
Lange Zeit herrschte im Forschungsdiskurs die Meinung vor, dass Kinder- und Jugendliteratur »aus sich selbst heraus verständlich sei und keiner literaturwissenschaftlichen Interpretationskunst bedürfe« (Gansel / Korte 2009, S. 7). Aus diesem Grund standen Fragen nach der Machart der Texte im Verhältnis zu Fragen nach ihren »Inhalte[n], Themen, pädagogische[n] Strategien und so genannte[n] ›Botschaften‹« (ebd.) häufig im Hintergrund. Diese Vorstellung hat sich mittlerweile jedoch gewandelt, was nicht zuletzt auf eine grundlegende Veränderung in der literarischen Landschaft seit Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts zurückzuführen ist.
Historical Tales between Fact and FictionForms and Functions of Docufictional Narration in the Young Adult Novels Edelweißpiraten and Train Kids by Dirk ReinhardtThis article focusses on a recent trend in contemporary literature: docufictional storytelling. It argues, in a first step, that this trend can be understood as a reflected way of dealing with the concept of reality in a highly virtual and digital world. Docufictional novels rely on documentary as well as fictional strategies, and interweave them via intramedial, intermedial and transmedial approaches. By doing so, the texts reconstruct a real reality to which their readers have no direct temporal or spatial access. At the same time, they show that reality can be only a construction, even if authentic material is included. Providing access to reality can be seen as one of the main goals in the literary production addressing young readers. In a second step, this article analyses contemporary German young adult literature and examines the forms and functions of docufictional storytelling, which can be found in those texts. It focusses especially on two novels by Dirk Reinhardt, Edelweißpiraten (2012) and Train Kids (2015), and concludes that this mode of narration between entertainment and information offers young readers the opportunity to develop their media and discourse competencies.
Colonising the Play World
Authors: Simpson Patricia Anne
Published: September 2021

In German children’s literature around 1900, the representation of childhood in pseudo-colonial realms participates in a construction of racial identities based on transcultural play. Acts of reading and scenes of instruction intersect with material objects to convey a pedagogy of race dominated by learned whiteness. This article asks: How does German children’s fiction around 1900 reconfigure national identity as imperialexperience? An analysis of a noncanonical though exemplary fictional text about a jungle adventure demonstrates strategies used to include the child in the colonial experience. Imagining this ›play world‹ replicates for the child reader a sense of agency and citizenship through encounters with an indigenous mediator, an impish primate and imaginary landscapes – each represented through the lens of European epistemologies. These tropes produce tension between historical fact and imaginative fiction, working together to map a colonial geography of German identity on to a model transatlantic German childhood. Framed by theories of material objects and toys, and supported by the work of literary scholars and cultural historians, I examine the brief story »Die kleine Urwälderin« [The Little Jungle Girl] from Auerbachs Deutscher Kinder-Kalender auf das Jahr 1902 [Auerbach’s Almanac for German Children, 1902]. In it, the Amazonian setting aspires to historically factual representation, which, however, cedes considerable territory to the realm of fantasy. The projection of a German forest adventure on to a Brazilian geography elides historical truths, such as centuries of the transatlantic slave trade, and instead inserts imperial signifiers into an established syntax of the European child at play. The resulting national ideology of childhood identity in this German language story imposes colonial order on a reimagined play world.
Bringing the Dreamwork to the Picturebook
Authors: Kidd Kenneth B.
Published: September 2021

Combining cultural history with the insights of psychoanalytic theory, this article examines Maurice Sendak's Caldecott-winning and controversial Where the Wild Things Are (1963), arguing that Sendak’s book represents picturebook psychology as it stood in the early 1960s but also radically recasts it, paving the way for a groundswell in applied picturebook psychology. The book can be understood as rewriting classical Freudian analysis, retaining some of its rigor and edge while making it more palatably American. Where the Wild Things Are has been embraced as a psychological primer, a story about anger and its management through fantasy; it is also a text in which echoes of Freud remain audible. It is read it here as a bedtime-story version of Freud’s Wolf Man case history of 1918, an updated and upbeat dream of the wolf boy. It is to Sendak what the Wolf Man case was to Freud, a career-making feral tale. Standing at the crossroads of Freudian tradition, child analysis, humanistic psychology, and bibliotherapy, the article reveals how the book both clarified and expanded the uses of picturebook enchantment.
»A Dream of a Dream«
Authors: Nowotny Joanna
Published: September 2021

Artikelbeginn:[English title and abstract below]
In Franz Hohlers Tschipo (1978), dem ersten Teil einer Trilogie, erlebt ein Schweizer Junge Abenteuer auf seltsamen Inseln. Und in Maggie Stiefvaters Serien The Raven Cycle (2012 – 2016) und The Dreamer Trilogy (2019 – ) bekämpft ein amerikanischer junger Erwachsener mit Namen Ronan Lynch magische Gefahren. Was haben Tschipo und Ronan gemeinsam? Eine seltsame Gabe: Von ihren Träumen bleibt am Morgen etwas zurück.
 
»A Dream of a Dream«Dreaming as a Metafictional Device in Children’s and Young Adult Literature
This article analyses the relationship between dreaming, art and identity in Franz Hohler’s Tschipo (1978) and Maggie Stiefvater’s The Raven Cycle (2012 – 2016) and The Dreamer Trilogy (2019 – ). At the centres of their fictional universes lies the fantastic ability of specific characters to take things out of their dreams; an ability which is both a plot element and a narrative principle. In Tschipo, dreaming is used in analogy to storytelling, with the storyteller inventing worlds that are so vibrant that the audience is unable to discern what is ›real‹ and what is ›just‹ invented or dreamed. In Stiefvater’s books, the character of the dreamer is revealed to be a kind of artist who thrives on the thrill of creation and transgression. In all the texts, the concept of taking things out of dreams is transgressive on two levels: Formally, it is used to subvert traditional storytelling and to question the role of the narrator. In terms of plot, it is employed in order to articulate nonnormative identities, lifestyles and desires. By using dreaming as a central narrative device, Tschipo, The Raven Cycle and The Dreamer Trilogy are therefore highly metafictional, revealing that literature addressed to younger audiences participates in a cultural conversation about fact and fiction, and draws on narrative strategies similar to those employed in literature addressed to adults.
Factor structure and measurement invariance of the TIMSS 2015 mathematics attitude questionnaire: Exploratory structural equation modelling approach
Authors: UYAR Şeyma
Published: September 2021

In the current study, the appropriateness of the Mathematics Attitude Questionnaire administered to middle school 8th grade students in the TIMSS 2015 application to the exploratory structural equation and confirmatory factor analysis models was examined. The study was conducted on 6079 students making up the sample of Turkey. In the TIMSS 2015 application, the attitude items are presented under four headings called students’ interest in mathematics, students’ views on engaging teaching in mathematics lessons, students’ self-confidence in mathematics, and students’ value mathematics. As a result of the investigation of the factor structure of these items, the attitude questionnaire with its 5 factors and 35 items was accepted to be suitable for the Exploratory Structural Equation Model (ESEM). Moreover, invariance of the TIMSS 8th grade mathematics attitude questionnaire depending on gender was investigated at six stages as configural, weak (metric), strong (scalar), strict, variance-covariance, and latent mean invariance through ESEM. It was concluded that the questionnaire satisfied all the invariance conditions.
Validation of a new State Test Anxiety Scale (STAS)
Authors: ŞAHİN Alper
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to validate the English version of Sahin’s (2019) State Test Anxiety Scale (STAS) which was originally developed in Turkish based on the latest bio-psychosocial model of test anxiety. For this purpose, the Turkish version of STAS was translated into English and administered to 360 (123 females, 237 males) students from 22 countries. The data were subjected to the confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the three-factor structure as in the Turkish version. Most of the fit indices examined (χ2/df=1.94, CFI=.98, NFI=.96, NNFI=.98, IFI=.98, RMSEA=.05, SRMR=.05) indicated that the data of the STAS had a good fit to the three-factor structure as its Turkish version. The Alpha internal consistency coefficients were found to be .81, .77, .91, and .92, for Physiological effects, Psychosocial effects, Cognitive effects subscales, and the total scale respectively. Stratified Alpha was also calculated and was found to be .93. All in all, evidence collected in this study indicated that the English version of STAS was a valid and reliable scale as its Turkish version.
Smart City and its Prototypes: social perceptions (outcomes of social analysis)
Authors: Proskuryakov R. A.
Published: September 2021

The term Smart City (digital city, cybercity, city of knowledge, eco-city) is being increasingly used in the social space and media since the beginning of the twenty-first century. The term implies the comprehensive activities of international organizations (UN, EU, UAE, etc.) and cities to transform the social environment of megacities. In the presence of a significant number of publications related to IT technologies, clarification of the meaning and content of the social characteristics of the new phenomenon requires further research. The pilot-study of the social perceptions of the term Smart City was implemented by means of a content analysis of scientific literature, direct and remote polling of citizens using a random sample method (459 respondents). The respondents on the basis of the semantic differential method (M. Rokeach) have assessed the image of a Smart City, as well as a number of other images associated with its understanding on 16 and 28 scale-scripts, specially developed questionnaires containing also C. Alderfer’s and M. L scher’s tests. The received answers were subjected to the procedure of factorial and correlation analysis separately in each group of respondents. When processing the research results, the SPSS program was used.
PHYSICIAN PERCEPTION ON COMMON HAND CONDITION, AND THEIR REFERRAL PATTERN
Authors:   Orthopedic Surgeon, King Abdulaziz University, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah Saudi Arabia., Sami Hamdi Amre , Khaled Tewfik Omar ,   Pediatric Resident, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Faisal Mashat Abdullah ,   General Surgery Resident, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Jehad Abousada Hoda ,   General Surgery Resident, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Published: September 2021

Background:Several hand conditions have an overlap in term of management by surgeons from different departments. They usually rely on referrals from general health providers. Suitable referral depends on the knowledge and understanding of the referring physicians to the problem and the best available treatment. Recently the number of referrals and operations of elective hand surgeries increased by more than 30%. Physician from different specialties can sometimes disagree on their perception on what is the best treatment option for the patient. Aim: to study physicians perception on common hand condition, and their referral pattern. Material and Method: The research was conducted using a survey with a sample size of 102 focusing on health care providers from King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital and they were collected by convenience sampling. The raw data was collected in an excel sheet. We used SPSS statistics 21st for quantitative data analysis. Results: The results gave us a general idea that there is a lot of difference of understanding to the hand conditions and which should be referred to where, with orthopedic being the most referred to Speciality. Conclusion: Referral for different hand and wrist conditions remains unclear to many practicing physicians at our institute. Establishment of a separate hand and wrist unit/clinic that includes all individual specializations may help improve patient care and wait timing.
Design of on-screen reading experiences based on a characterisation of techonological mediation
Authors: Suárez Quiceno Carlos , Castillo Martínez Juan Alberto
Published: September 2021

Este estudio se realizó en un contexto en el que hay una baja presencia de dispositivos de lectura digital, partiendo de la premisa de que el uso de dispositivos de lectura electrónica implica una relación instrumental con un objeto técnico que puede caracterizarse como una relación de mediación. En el marco de esta investigación se utilizó el análisis temático de narraciones documentadas, pruebas de lectura y entrevistas con una muestra intencional de lectores y editores, con el objetivo de explorar la pertinencia de caracterizar las relaciones de mediación que los lectores de textos de literatura en pantalla establecen con los dispositivos electrónicos a través de su experiencia. Las conclusiones indican la necesidad de prestar apoyo al lector; esta caracterización es un requisito importante para diseñar experiencias de lectura. Por consiguiente, las relaciones de mediación que los lectores establecen con los dispositivos electrónicos son, en principio, en el primer contacto, de alteridad. Los lectores observan el dispositivo como una alteridad, un objeto con cierta autonomía, capaz de suscitar admiración.
Reconocimiento social en habitantes de calle en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Osorio Salazar María Jimena , Caro Cencio Emerson José́ , Gómez Vargas Maricelly
Published: September 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre los procesos de constitución del reconocimiento de los habitantes de calle de Medellín, siguiendo las categorías teóricas amor, derechos y deberes y solidaridad propuestas por Axel Honneth. Fueron entrevistados 12 participantes: 6 habitantes de calle y 6 personas denominadas como otros actores sociales, pues el reconocimiento social exige una reciprocidad en la interacción intersubjetiva. El paradigma hermenéutico-interpretativo orientó el diseño cualitativo y fue elegida la historia oral como estrategia metodológica. El método de análisis del discurso permitió destacar unas fallas en la socialización durante la primaria infancia, afectando de manera diferencial a las mujeres; hay un reconocimiento de los derechos, aunque de modo ambivalente. A los otros actores les cuesta valorar las cualidades y capacidades de los habitantes de calle, así estos puedan ser competentes en el desempeño de roles específicos o con habilidades auto reconocidas. Finalmente, se recomiendan algunas propuestas para la comprensión y atención a esta población y el reconocimiento del derecho que ellos tienen para habitar la calle en su diferenciación con aquellos que desean acogerse a la institucionalidad.
Una autoetnografía crítica de la psicología: la experiencia de Ian Parker
Authors: Moreno Camacho Manuel Alejandro
Published: September 2021

En su más reciente libro publicado por Routledge, Psychology through critical auto-ethnography, Ian Parker asume el rol de antropólogo para explorar el mundo de la psicología en tanto disciplina académica. En contraste con los etnógrafos clásicos que viajaban a tierras lejanas para describir otros mundos —otras culturas— y descubrir en ellos claves de la existencia y la organización humana, Parker elige el camino de la autoetnografía, para escudriñar el mundo de la psicología a través de su propia experiencia como estudiante, investigador, profesor y activista social.
El siglo del populismo
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: September 2021

El historiador y sociólogo francés Pierre Rosanvallon ha publicado su última obra titulada Le siècle du populisme [El siglo del populismo] en la editorial Seuil. En la introducción, titulada “Pensar el populismo”, el autor subraya que “el populismo revoluciona la política del siglo XXI” (p. 9).
Caracterización y posibles trastornos en la implementación de las habilidades sociales en universitarios víctimas del conflicto armado en Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Liliana Paola
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar las habilidades sociales de los universitarios víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano en Boyacá, Colombia. Los participantes fueron la totalidad de estudiantes de un programa de pregrado que reportaron exposición al conflicto armado, matriculados para el 2018 en una institución universitaria de carácter privado del municipio de Tunja, departamento Boyacá. Se empleó el método estudio de caso, mediante el cual se analizaron entrevistas a profundidad y diarios de campo en el contexto educativo. Los resultados muestran afectaciones significativas en las habilidades sociales en los cuatro grupos que la conforman según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS): comunicación, empatía, asertividad y trabajo en equipo. Este estudio permitió demostrar la relevancia que tienen las habilidades sociales en diversos escenarios y cómo pueden verse afectadas por fenómenos de orden social como el conflicto armado colombiano. El diagnóstico puso en evidencia la importancia que tiene la psicología social en el contexto educativo hacia la prevención, tratamiento y evaluación de factores psicosociales que afectan la calidad de vida del individuo y grupo en el que se encuentra inmerso.
Actitudes hacia el consumo de sustancias. El efecto de la transición adolescencia-adultez en una muestra de ecuatoriano
Authors: Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo , Carrera-Aldás Juan Carlos , Mayorga-Lascano Marlon , Molina-Narváez María José
Published: September 2021

Objetivos: conocer el diferencial actitudinal hacia el consumo de sustancias entre adolescentes y adultos jóvenes de Ambato, Ecuador, y el efecto que tiene la transición evolutiva. Método: estudio descriptivo, comparativo, de incidencia y de corte transversal con el Autoinforme de Sustancias Psicoactivas. Muestra: 711 participantes (50,5 % hombres y 49,5 % mujeres), estudiantes de colegios (70,6 %) y universidades (29,4 %) de la ciudad de Ambato. Resultados: en su mayoría los participantes (85 %) muestran actitudes desfavorables al consumo de sustancias. Se presentan diferencias actitudinales en el rechazo al consumo de sustancias, en la admiración a los no usuarios y en la percepción de madurez que aporta el consumo. La transición de la adolescencia y la adultez tienen efecto en las actitudes favorables hacia el consumo de sustancias. Conclusión: la transición evolutiva incide en el cambio actitudinal, haciendo que se vuelvan más favorables hacia la ejecución del consumo.
Methods for increasing the efficiency of hydrocephalus treatment in neonatal practice
Authors: Volkodav O. V. , Khachatryan V. A.
Published: September 2021

Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborns with ventricular occlusion leads to decompensation of CSF dynamics with a high risk of neurological disorders and child disability.

Objective. To improve the effectiveness of treatment of hydrocephalus in newborns.

Characteristics of children and research methods. The authors analyzed the treatment of hydrocephalus in 327 newborns in 2000– 2018. 184children (Group 1)underwent standard treatment with lumbar and ventricular punctures with 20-22G needles, and with progression of hydrocephalus – ventriculo-subgaleal drainage and ventriculo-peritoneal shunting. 143 children (Group 2) with ventricular occlusion underwentcomplex treatment with coronary-transluminal subarachnoventriculostomy (RF patent No. 2715535) and ventricular drainage with a ventriculo-subarachnoid stenting system (RF patent No. 2721455).

Results. The effectiveness of treatment with the inclusion of the proposed options is improvedby eliminatingocclusion, restoring circulation and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid, prolonged sanitation of cerebrospinal fluid with isotonic sodium chloridesolution. A positive result with compensation for hydrocephalus was achievedin 75,4% of cases versus 28,2% with the «standard» protocol (p <0,001).Compensation of hydrocephalus was accompanied by regression of hypertensive symptoms, stabilization of the ventricular size. The authors demonstrate a decrease in the timethe child spent in the hospital after surgery to 3-6 weeks with dynamic observation after discharge in the follow-up room, neurovisual monitoring.>

Conclusion. The data obtained allowus to consider the effectiveness of the inclusion of the proposed options in the modern algorithm for the treatment of hydrocephalus in newborns, to expand the possibilities for early rehabilitation and restorative treatment together with pediatricneurologists and doctors of related specialties.
Problems of early diagnosis of hereditary neurological diseases
Authors: Illarioshkin S. N. , Seliverstov Yu. A. , Klyushnikov S. A.
Published: September 2021

Hereditary neurological diseases represent a substantial part of human monogenic disorders. Most of them are progressive, disabling,and lacking disease-modifying therapy. Early diagnosis of severe genetic neurological conditions is essentialfor primaryand secondary prevention, genetic counseling and family planning. Modern methods of prenatal and preimplantation DNA diagnostics significantly reduce the likelihood of havinga sickchild. At the same time, neonatal and selective screening of newborns and young children makes it possible to diagnose hereditary neurological diseases as early as possible and to start pathogenetic therapy, which is currently available for a number of pathologies. The widespreadintroduction of biochemical and molecular diagnostics of the hereditary neurological diseases in patients of various ages, including modern methods of massive parallel sequencing, gives rise to technological, ethical and financial problems.
ADENTRARSE EN EL MUNDO DEL SÍMBOLO. LA FORMACIÓN ESTÉTICA EN CONTEXTOS EDUCATIVOS
Authors: Bernal González María del Carmen
Published: September 2021

VIVIR EN EL MUNDO DE LA EDUCACIÓN PUEDE SER UNA DE LAS AVENTURASmás emocionantes de la vida. Para los que nos dedicamos a tannoble labor, supone una capacidad de asombro, apertura ymagnanimidad constantes para viajar por espacios poco visitados,que permitan tener un conocimiento más amplio y completodel sustento de nuestro estudio: la persona humana, asícomo desarrollar los medios adecuados para ayudarla a aspirar– como lo diría Goethe -, con un esfuerzo ininterrumpido, a laforma más alta de existencia.
CUALIDADES Y COMPETENCIAS DEL PROFESOR UNIVERSITARIO: LA VISIÓN DE LOS DOCENTES
Authors: Galbán Lozano Sara Elvira , Ortega Barba Claudia Fabiola
Published: September 2021

Este artículo es producto de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue caracterizar al buen profesor universitario a partir de las consideraciones que este hace en torno a su propia práctica. Para cumplir el objetivo, se optó por el enfoque cualitativo con perspectiva fenomenológica, utilizando a la entrevista semiestructurada como técnica de recopilación de información, y al método de las comparaciones constantes para el proceso de análisis. Dentro de los hallazgos más relevantes se encontró que los profesores participantes, todos ellos experimentados, consideran que un buen docente universitario necesita de cualidades personales, de competencias técnicas, de pasión por enseñar, del buen empleo de estrategias didácticas centradas en el aprendizaje pero, que lo más importante, radica en colocar en el centro de la actividad profesional al estudiante.
POSMODERNIDAD: PLURALIDAD Y TRANSVERSALIDAD
Authors: López de LLergo Ana Teresa
Published: September 2021

Diego Bermejo, Anthropos Editorial, España, 2005., 180 págs
REPENSAR LA FAMILIA
Authors: Torralba José María
Published: September 2021

José Pérez Adán, Ediciones Universitarias Internacionales, Madrid (2005), 125 págs.
Scale precipitation on HDPE pipe by degassing of CO2 dissolved in water
Authors: Ketrane Rachid , Yahiaoui Celia
Published: September 2021

In Algeria, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) is widely used in drinking water pipes. This study is focused on the precipitation of calcium carbonate, a major constituent of scale, from calcocarbonically pure (CCP) water in HDPE pipe. Studying scaling in natural conditions is very difficult because it occurs over many years. For this, accelerated scaling is caused by the degassing CO2 dissolved in water. The kinetic study has shown that the germination time and the critical pH decrease with the hardness (30, 40 and 50 °f) and temperature (30, 40 and 50 °C) of water. On the other hand, scaling process efficiency (η) and the supersaturation coefficient (Ωcal) of CaCO3 increase with these parameters. The CaCO3 precipitation occurs both in solution and on walls of HDPE. By the weighing method, it is shown that the deposit mass increases with hardness and temperature. Calcium carbonate precipitates much more in homogeneous phase than in heterogeneous one. The study also showed that heterogeneous nucleation on HDPE is much less important than on PA, PVC, chrome and Inox. These measurements are supported by the characterization of X-ray diffraction deposits and by scanning electron microscopy, which recognizes that the precipitate obtained consists mainly of calcite.
ANÁLISE DOS BAIRROS RIBEIRINHOS DA ZONA CENTRO/NORTE EM TERESINA, PIAUÍ
Authors: Matos Karenina cardoso , Rodrigues Santiago Denise , Gomes Reis Lopes Wilza , Gonçalves Pereira Silva Isabelle Maria , Bezerra Formiga Leite Nicia
Published: September 2021

Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a paisagem ribeirinha da zona Centro/Norte da cidade de Teresina, capital do estado do Piauí, identificando as diferentes paisagens e como elas foram se modificando a partir do plano urbanístico de 1988 até 2019, destacando elementos importantes que favorecem ou não a conexão do meio urbano com a paisagem ribeirinha. Para embasamento teórico foram abordados conceitos de rios urbanos, paisagem ribeirinha e espaços livres, contribuindo para a realização das análises a respeito da paisagem dos rios Parnaíba e Poti no recorte de estudo. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa com o intuito de diagnosticar aspectos relacionados às questões sociais, urbanos e ambientais. Quanto aos dados levantados, foi possível perceber a evolução da ocupação no decorrer das décadas que vai sendo marcada pelo surgimento de empreendimentos comerciais e pelo intenso adensamento com a consequente diminuição das áreas verdes, apesar de ainda existirem terrenos vazios nas frentes ribeirinhas como ocorre em bairros além do rio Poti. Foram realizadas também visitas in loco, registro através de fotografias, levantamento de imagens de satélite, e, elaboração de capas urbanas e sobreposições com a região dividida em nove cenários para obtenção de resultados satisfatórios.