bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação óssea alveolar de rattus norvegicus por meio dos métodos radiográfico e morfométrico
Authors: Souza Daniela M. , Rosa Luciano P. , Ricardo Lucilene H. , Moraes Luiz C. , Rocha Rosilene F.
Published: April 2017

O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a característica anatômica do osso alveolar de ratos por meio dos métodos radiográfico e morfométrico. Para tanto foram utilizados 30 ratos. Os animais foram sacrificados e as mandíbulas e maxilas direitas foram fixadas em formol a 10%. Os espécimes foram morfométricamente analisados em lupa esteroscópica para determinação do nível ósseo alveolar nas faces livres. Posteriormente, foram radiografados para mensuração do suporte ósseo periodontal (SOP) junto as proximais distal e mesial. As mensurações foram realizadas duas vezes por um único examinador. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste ANOVA com nível de significância de 5%. Pelo teste t pareado não foi observada diferença estatística (p>0,05) para as duas medidas realizadas. O percentual de SOP não diferiu estatisticamente nem entre as raízes mesial e distal nem entre os arcos (p>0,05). Entretanto, o nível ósseo alveolar apresentou-se menor na raiz distal da mandíbula em relação as outras, na maxila foi maior nas raízes linguais que nas vestibulares (p=0,0000). Quando comparada as raízes linguais maxilares com as mandibulares, os valores mandibulares foram estatisticamente superiores (p=0,000). O presente estudo experimental transversal em ratos verificou que os métodos radiográfico e morfométrico são reproduzíveis e complementares e que a anatomia óssea alveolar dos molares avaliados se caracteriza por apresentar níveis ósseos distintos associadas a suporte ósseo periodontal proporcionalmente equivalentes.
Efeitos do vinagre sobre Candida Albicans aderidas in vitro em resina acrílica termicamente ativada
Authors: Andrade Iara Pinheiro Barros , Junqueira Juliana Campos , De Faria Ivan Silva , Santos Silvana Soléo Ferreira dos , Rego Marcos Augusto do , Jorge Antonio Olavo Cardoso
Published: April 2017

Candida albicans é um dos principais microrganismos relacionados à etiologia da estomatite por prótese. A presença da prótese com base em resina acrílica, possibilita o crescimento de leveduras tanto na prótese como na mucosa. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de soluções de vinagre (ácido acético) sobre C. albicans aderidas, in vitro, na superfície de resina acrílica utilizada na confecção de próteses. Trinta e seis corpos-de-prova em resina acrílica termicamente ativada foram imersos em cultura de C. albicans (37oC/24 h), sendo a seguir desinfetados em solução de vinagre por 30 (n=12) e 60 min (n=12). Foram utilizadas soluções de vinagre a 10% (n=6) e 30% (n=6) e solução fisiológica 0,85% (n=6) para cada tempo de imersão. Após desinfecção, os corpos-de-prova foram lavados em solução fisiológica e a partir da solução obtida após agitação, foram realizadas diluições decimais, as quais foram semeadas em ágar Sabouraud dextrose e incubadas a 37°C/48 h. A seguir foram quantificados os log de UFC/mL de suspensão contendo microrganismos aderidos aos corpos-de-prova. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância ANOVA, teste de Tukey (p=0,05). Os resultados demonstraram que ocorreu redução significativa no log UFC/mL de C. albicans nos corpos-de-prova submetidos a tratamento com solução de vinagre a 10 e 30% em relação ao controle. Não ocorreu diferença significativa quando da utilização do vinagre, nos tempos de 30 e 60 minutos, para as duas concentrações do produto (10 e 30%)
Avaliação clínica do efeito adicional do verniz fluoretado sobre a inativação de lesões iniciais de cárie em dentes decíduos
Authors: Séllos Mariana C. , Malta Marcella Cristina B. , Ferreira Juliane O. R. , Santos Ana Paula P. , Soviero Vera M.
Published: April 2017

ResumoO objetivo deste ensaio clínico foi avaliar o efeito adicional do verniz fluoretado sobre a inativação de lesões iniciais de cárie em dentes decíduos submetidos a 6 sessões de escovação profissional com dentifrício fluoretado. Critério de inclusão: mancha branca ativa (MBA) na face vestibular de incisivo/canino decíduo superior. Participaram 12 crianças (9 a 48 meses de idade), totalizando 29 MBA. As crianças foram alocadas aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: sem verniz fluoretado (SF) e com verniz fluoretado (CF). Ambos receberam 6 sessões de escovação dentária profissional com dentifrício fluoretado com intervalo médio de 1,2 semanas. O grupo CF recebeu aplicação de verniz fluoretado após cada escovação. Um único examinador cego, calibrado para cárie dentária (k=0,71) e biofilme dental (BF) (k=0,71) e treinado para sangramento gengival (SG), avaliou os dentes em: baseline, intermediário e final. Os dados foram analisados no SPSS, utilizando os testes χ2 e exato de Fisher. Ao final, 22 (5,7%) lesões foram consideradas inativas e não houve diferença entre os grupos (p=0,295). A combinação dos dados de BF e SG originou o padrão de higiene da superfície dentária (PHD) que esteve associado à inativação das lesões (p=0,010). Clinicamente, não se observou efeito adicional do verniz fluoretado na inativação das lesões de cárie. Esta esteve associada à melhora do PHD, uma vez que a maior proporção de inativação ocorreu dentre as superfícies que apresentaram melhor qualidade de higiene.
Influência das fontes fotoativadoras led e halógena e do tempo de exposição na microdureza knoop de compósitos odontológicos
Authors: Giorgi Maria Cecília Caldas , Dias Carlos Tadeu dos Santos , Paulillo Luís Alexandre Maffei Sartini
Published: April 2017

O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a Microdureza Knoop (KHN) das superfícies de topo (T) e fundo (F) de uma resina composta em função dos tempos de exposição de 20 e 40s e das fontes de luz: LD13 ponteira de cristal–GGDent (LED1) e LD13 ponteira de fibra óptica–GGDent (LED2) e halógena-Optilux-Demetron (HAL). As amostras foram confeccionadas em matriz metálica possuindo perfuração central (d=5mm, h=3mm). O compósito (Z250- 3MESPE) foi inserido na cavidade em dois incrementos e as amostras (n=5) foram confeccionadas de acordo com os grupos experimentais G1-LED1/20; G2-LED2/20; G3-HAL/20; G4-LED1/40; G5-LED2/40; G6-HAL/40. Imediatamente após a confecção das amostras, realizou-se o ensaio KHN com carga de 25g por 10s. Executou-se 15 perfurações nas superfícies das amostras (T e F). Os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Variância e ao teste de Comparação Múltipla de Tukey (LSMEANS) obtendo-se os seguintes resultados: G6/F 53,12a; G3/F 51,589abc; G6/T 50,972abc; G3/T 48,803bc; G4/F 47,504cd; G5/F 46,088cd; G5/T 44,495d; G4/T 43,884d; G1/F 39,341e; G2/T 35,300ef; G1/T 37,296ef; G2/F 34,788f. Pôde-se concluir que a fonte hálogena apresentou os maiores valores de microdureza Knoop com comportamento semelhante às fontes com LED no tempo de 40s.
O uso da eletromiografia na odontologia
Authors: Raldi Fernando Vagner , Moraes Michelle Bianchi de , Nascimento Rodrigo Dias , Santamaria Mauro Pedrine , Amorim José Benedito de Oliveira , Paula Fabiana Alves
Published: April 2017

A Eletromiografia representa uma metodologia contemporânea a qual permite avaliar o comportamento muscular com alto grau de sensibilidade. A utilização desta metodologia envolve a detecção e registro dos potenciais elétricos das fibras musculares estriadas superficiais para o estudo da função mastigatória dentro de diversos aspectos, tais como: tratamentos restauradores, utilização de próteses totais, o comportamento motor dos músculos mandibulares durante esforço mastigatório máximo; avaliações de dispositivos intra orais, efeito muscular da utilização de próteses parciais fixas sobre implantes, análise de força mastigatória, distúrbios da fala e da deglutição, avaliação da dor em procedimentos cirúrgicos, espasmo muscular (trismo), avaliação do tratamento de disfunções temporomandibulares, análise da eficiência mastigatória, entre outros. A introdução dessa metodologia na Odontologia ocorreu a mais de 40 anos, como ferramenta de auxilio de diagnóstico das Desordens Temporomandibular, distúrbios funcionais do sistema mastigatório com etiologia complexa e multifatorial como: hábitos parafuncionais, estresse e hiperatividade muscular. O registro eletromiográfico que o eletrodo detectar no interior do músculo é o resultante da soma dos potenciais de ação de todas as fibras musculares de uma unidade motora. Por ser uma técnica segura e não invasiva, ela vem ganhando espaço no monitoramento da atividade elétrica proveniente dos músculos mandibulares. Diante disso objetiva-se a divulgação, reflexão e esclarecimento da eletromiografia como método diagnóstico nos mais diversos setores da Odontologia, por meio de uma revisão da literatura.
El Biodesarrollo como ruptura de la categoría desarrollo
Authors: Gómez Rodríguez Dustin Tahisin , Barbosa Pérez Ehyder Mario , Rojas Velásquez William Eduardo
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo de revisión tiene como objetivo realizar un breve análisis de la categoría desarrollo en las escuelas de la ciencia económica para identificar sus líneas argumentativas y así poder ampliar el debate de una revolución científica en términos de Kuhn de lo que es o puede ser el Biodesarrollo. El método utilizado es una revisión documental por medio de matrices. Para ello se realizó un estudio de las principales escuelas, se identifican sus categorías como sus conceptos, se identifica las características y aportes del Biodesarrollo, como propuesta que revitaliza la categoría desarrollo pero desde una perspectiva de promocionar la vida más que de la eficiencia y la eficacia orquestadas por el discurso hegemónicode la economía de mercado.
Working with Linguistically Diverse Classes across the Disciplines: Faculty Beliefs
Authors: Haan Jennifer E. , Gallagher Colleen , Varandani Lisa
Published: April 2017

The rapid growth of international students at United States universities in recent years (Institute of International Education, 2013) has prompted discussions about how best to serve this population in and out of the classroom. This article reports on faculty cognitions (Borg, 2006) regarding internationalization and the teaching of international students who are emergent multilinguals. Researchers surveyed faculty members on one campus about their beliefs regarding internationalization, techniques for instruction in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms, and their own efficacy in teaching international students. Results indicate a theory-reality split in beliefs about internationalization and techniques for teaching international students along with relatively low levels of self-efficacy in working with emergent multilinguals. The article discusses implications for faculty-administration collaboration and faculty development in linguistically-responsive instruction.
It takes two
Authors: Taylor Henry L.
Published: April 2017

The most important principle I’ve learned during my career encompassing aviation and psychology is to take advantage of unexpected opportunities. My interest in training and the use of training devices and simulators grew out of two careers and was a prominent feature in both. My careers involved 23 years in the United States Air Force and 21 years as Director of the Institute of Aviation at the University of Illinois, as well as six years as professor emeritus continuing my applied training research interests. Along the way, I should mention that I never have held a position in a university as a teacher and researcher but only as a dean-level administrator. What propelled me was the wisdom acquired during my Air Force career combined with a passion I developed for applied research in training and human factors. This chapter is about how my professional life emerged from my roots in Tallassee, a small town located in central Alabama half way between Montgomery and Auburn, where I was born and grew up. It’s about getting away from the local industries – cotton mills and farming – to attend college and unexpectedly join the Air Force.  It’s about the many places I’ve been and opportunities I’ve shared with wonderful and valued collaborators and colleagues. Most of all, it’s about the events of my life and what I learned that shaped my career and may, in some small way, help with yours.
Une asymétrie dans les tourbillons cosmiques
Authors: Revaz Yves
Published: April 2017

Amongst all objects in the universe, spiral galaxies resemble what could be called cosmic storms. Despite their apparently regular shapes, these huge rotating structures are sometimes subject to strange
asymmetries. Fifty years ago, observers found that the outer parts of our galactic disk were not flat, but exhibited an asymmetric warp. Today, about half of the known galaxies are considered as warped,
but no theory has been able to explain this phenomenon. Taking a look at this, we first introduce some general concepts about spiral and warped galaxies. Then, we explore the problem of the longevity of
warped galaxies when the matter is distributed in a disk. We use a semi-analytic method to study the existence of stable periodic orbits in a warped analytic model. A N-body simulation provides information
on the dynamical evolution of a warped galaxy.
Research Article. Characteristics of Sleep Apnea Assessed Before Discharge in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Kocsis Ildikó , Fehérvári Lajos , Fogarasi Zoltán , Szabó István Adorján , Frigy Attila
Published: April 2017

Objectives. Evaluation of the characteristics of sleep apnea (SA) in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure, considering that undiagnosed SA could contribute to early rehospitalization. Methods. 56 consecutive patients (13 women, 43 men, mean age 63.12 years) with acute heart failure, in stable condition, underwent nocturnal polygraphy before hospital discharge. The type and severity of SA was determined. Besides descriptive statistics, correlations between the severity of SA and clinical and paraclinical characteristics were also analyzed (t-test, chi-square test, significancy at alpha < 0.05). Results. 12 (21.4%) subjects were free of SA (AHI - apnea-hipopnea index <5/h), 15 (26.7%) had mild SA (AHI=5-14/h), 17 (30.3%) had moderate SA (AHI 15-30/h), and 12 (21.4 %) had severe SA (AHI>30/h). The apnea was predominantly obstructive (32 cases vs. 12 with central SA). Comparing the patients with mild or no SA with those with severe SA, we did not find statistically significant correlations (p>0.05) between the severity of SA and the majority of main clinical and paraclinical characteristics - age, sex, BMI, cardiac substrates of heart failure, comorbidities. Paradoxically, arterial hypertension (p=0.028) and atrial fibrillation (p=0.041) were significantly more prevalent in the group with mild or no SA. Conclusions. Before discharge, in the majority of patients hospitalized with acute heart failure moderate and severe SA is present, and is not related to the majority of patient related factors. Finding of significant SA in this setting is important, because its therapy could play an important role in preventing readmissions and improving prognosis.
Isolation and molecular characterization of a Naegleria strain from a recreational water fountain in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Authors: Reyes-Batlle María , Wagner Carolina , López-Arencibia Atteneri , Sifaoui Ines , Martínez-Carretero Enrique , Valladares Basilio , Piñero Jose E. , Lorenzo-Morales Jacob
Published: April 2017

Free-Living Amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed protozoa in the environment and have been isolated from many sources such as dust, soil and water. Among the pathogenic genera included in this group
Morphological description of Cosmocerca sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocerdidae) from the Mascarene grass frog Ptychadena cf. mascareniensis (Amphibia: Ptychadenidae). A light and scanning electron microscopic studies
Authors: Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Abdel-Ghaffar Fathy , Kamel Reem , Maher Sherein , El Deeb Nashwa , Al Quraishy Saleh , Mehlhorn Heinz
Published: April 2017

The Mascarene grass frog
Infection of the lesser spotted dogfish with Proleptus obtusus Dujardin, 1845 (Nematoda: Spirurida) reflects ontogenetic feeding behaviour and seasonal differences in prey availability
Authors: Silva Carlota , Veríssimo Ana , Cardoso Pedro , Cable Jo , Xavier Raquel
Published: April 2017

Dujardin, 1845 is the most common parasite infecting the gut of the lesser spotted dogfish (
Career Plans of Novice University Teachers: The Research Perspective
Authors: Wiegerová Adriana
Published: April 2017

Introduction: The career trajectories of young university teachers have been a relatively frequent research target in North American and Western European countries but an entirely neglected topic of the Czech and Slovak educational research. This paper’s ambition is to narrow the gap. The research goal is to describe one aspect of career advancement of young university teachers - their professional plans after their entry to an academic position at a university after completion of their doctoral studies.

Methods: This qualitative investigation was concentrated on a sample of ten young university teachers currently employed in Czech universities. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews, sound recordings were converted to written transcripts, and then open- and category coded.

Results: The findings show how the young teachers adapted to the workplace environment, how they struggled with the double roles in academia, i.e., an instructor and a researcher, and which personal decisions they made for the next years in employment. I was revealed how the desire to attain assistant professorship overwhelmed their professional, occupational and personal decisions.

Limitations: As concerns the limitation of the findings, the qualitative investigation went deeply into the thinking and decision making of the study participants but was unable to draft wide generalisations.
Red list of vascular plants of the Western Suwałki Lakeland, north-eastern Poland
Authors: Pliszko Artur
Published: April 2017

The paper presents a regional red list of vascular plant species native to the Western Suwałki Lakeland, north-eastern Poland, based on the IUCN red list categories and criteria. The distribution and abundance data were obtained from the field floristic inventories carried out in 2008- 2016 using the ATPOL cartogram method. The historical occurrences of vascular plant species were revised in the field. The list comprises 203 species, including seven regionally extinct species, 43 critically endangered species, 49 endangered species, 25 vulnerable species, 48 near threatened species, and 31 data deficient species. The results are compared to the Polish national red list of pteridophytes and flowering plants and briefly discussed.
Effects of Laser Shock Processing on Impact Toughness of Ti-17 Titanium Alloy
Authors: Huang Shuai , Zhu Ying , Guo Wei , Peng Peng , Diao Xungang
Published: April 2017

Ti-17 titanium alloy was treated with laser shock processing (LSP) and tested for impact toughness. Residual compressive stress, cross-section hardness, microstructure, and the impact toughness properties of the treated alloy samples were evaluated. The average impact toughness of the samples subjected to LSP increased by 10 J compared with that of the base material. The samples subjected to LSP remained connected after an impact test, whereas untreated samples completely ruptured. The location of fracture initiation shifted from the center to the side to the Charpy-V notch region because of the stress concentration induced by LSP. The stress concentration was induced by the uneven microhardness of the samples treated with LSP. The hardness of the irradiated surface increased compared with that of the base metal because of the higher dislocation density and smaller grains produced by LSP.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Thermal Fatigue Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys
Authors: Chao Wei , Guang-lei Liu , Hao Wan , Yu-shan Li , Nai-chao Si
Published: April 2017

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and thermal fatigue properties were studied by means of optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDX) was used to analyze the role of phase composition in fatigue crack propagation. The results show that after heat treatment, the ultimate tensile strength increased from 285 MPa to 368 MPa and the elongation increased from 5.8 % to 6.5 %. During the initiation of fatigue crack, the crack was mainly propagated through eutectic Si area. With the long needles of eutectic Si particles spherodized after heat treatment, the split action from brittle Si particles to α-Al matrix was reduced and prolonged the fatigue crack initiation period. After aging for 6 h, the dispersed precipitation of secondary phases (Al2Cu, Mg2Si) elevated the driving force of crack propagation, blocked the spread of crack in the grain boundary, decreased the rate of fatigue crack growth and improved the fatigue resistance of alloy at the same time. In the process of crack initiation, the surplus-phase around the grain boundary fell off from α-Al matrix under thermal cycling stresses. The combination of interfaces was weaken by cycling stress and the fatigue crack was finally grown up in the weakness area between matrix and secondary phase.
Rings in which elements are the sum of a nilpotent and a root of a fixed polynomial that commute
Authors: Handam Ali H. , Khashan Hani A.
Published: April 2017

An element in a ring R with identity is said to be strongly nil clean if it is the sum of an idempotent and a nilpotent that commute, R is said to be strongly nil clean if every element of R is strongly nil clean. Let C(R) be the center of a ring R and g(x) be a fixed polynomial in C(R)[x]. Then R is said to be strongly g(x)-nil clean if every element in R is a sum of a nilpotent and a root of g(x) that commute. In this paper, we give some relations between strongly nil clean rings and strongly g(x)-nil clean rings. Various basic properties of strongly g(x) -nil cleans are proved and many examples are given.
Effects of Ketogenic Dieting on Body Composition, Strength, Power, and Hormonal Profiles in Resistance Training Men
Authors: Wilson Jacob M. , Lowery Ryan P. , Roberts Michael D. , Sharp Matthew H. , Joy Jordan M. , Shields Kevin A. , Partl Jeremy M. , Volek Jeff S. , D'Agostino Dominic P.
Published: April 2017

Wilson, JM, Lowery, RP, Roberts, MD, Sharp, MH, Joy, JM, Shields, KA, Partl, JM, Volek, JS, and D'Agostino, DP. Effects of ketogenic dieting on body composition, strength, power, and hormonal profiles in resistance training men. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3463–3474, 2020—This study investigated the impact of an isocaloric and isonitrogenous ketogenic diet (KD) versus a traditional western diet (WD) on changes in body composition, performance, blood lipids, and hormonal profiles in resistance-trained athletes. Twenty-five college-aged men were divided into a KD or traditional WD from weeks 1 to 10, with a reintroduction of carbohydrates from weeks 10 to 11, while participating in a resistance training program. Body composition, strength, power, and blood lipid profiles were determined at weeks 0, 10, and 11. A comprehensive metabolic panel and testosterone levels were also measured at weeks 0 and 11. Lean body mass (LBM) increased in both the KD and WD groups (2.4% and 4.4%, p < 0.01) at week 10. However, only the KD group showed an increase in LBM between weeks 10 and 11 (4.8%, p < 0.0001). Finally, fat mass decreased in both the KD (−2.2 ± 1.2 kg) and WD groups (−1.5 ± 1.6 kg). Strength and power increased to the same extent in the WD and KD conditions from weeks 1 to 11. No changes in any serum lipid measures occurred from weeks 1 to 10; however, a rapid reintroduction of carbohydrate from weeks 10 to 11 raised plasma triglyceride levels in the KD group. Total testosterone increased significantly from weeks 0 to 11 in the KD diet (118 ng·dl−1) as compared to the WD (−36 ng·dl−1) from pre to post while insulin did not change. The KD can be used in combination with resistance training to cause favorable changes in body composition, performance, and hormonal profiles in resistance-trained men.
An Evaluation of Time-Trial–Based Predictions of Vo 2max and Recommended Training Paces for Collegiate and Recreational Runners
Authors: Scudamore Eric M. , Barry Vaughn W. , Coons John M.
Published: April 2017

Scudamore, EM, Barry, VW, and Coons, JM. An Evaluation of time-trial–based predictions of V̇o
2max and recommended training paces for collegiate and recreational runners. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 1137–1143, 2018—The purpose of the current study was to determine the accuracy of Jack Daniels' VDOT Running Calculator for the prediction of V̇o
2max, and recommendations of interval and training paces (pIN and pTH) in samples of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 track athletes (ATH, n = 11) and recreational runners (REC; n = 9). Predicted variable data were obtained using results from indoor 5-km time-trials. Data from the VDOT Calculator were compared with laboratory-tested V̇o
2max, pace at V̇o
2max (V̇o
2maxpace), and lactate threshold pace (LTpace). Results indicated that VDOT underestimated V̇o
2max in ATH (t(10) = −6.00, p < 0.001, d = 1.75) and REC (t(8) = −8.96, p < 0.001, d = 3.44). Follow-up between-groups analysis indicated that the difference between VDOT and V̇o
2max was significantly greater in REC than in ATH (p = 0.0031, d = 1.59). pIN was slower than V̇o
2maxpace in REC (t(8) = −4.26, p = 0.003, d = 1.76), but not different in ATH (t(10) = 0.52, p = 0.614, d = 0.14). Conversely, pTH was faster than LTpace in ATH (t(8) = −4.17, p = 0.003, d = 1.49), but not different in REC (t(8) = 1.64, p = 0.139, d = 0.57). Practically, pTH can be confidently used for threshold training regardless of the ability level. pIN also seemed to be accurate for ATH, but may be not be optimal for improving V̇o
2max in REC. Practitioners should interpret VDOT with caution as it may underestimate V̇o
2max.
Effect of External Loading on Force and Power Production During Plyometric Push-ups
Authors: Hinshaw Taylour J. , Stephenson Mitchell L. , Sha Zhanxin , Dai Boyi
Published: April 2017

Hinshaw, TJ, Stephenson, ML, Sha, Z, and Dai, B. Effect of external loading on force and power production during plyometric push-ups.J Strength Cond Res32(4): 1099–1108, 2018—One common exercise to train upper-body strength and power is the push-up. Training at the loads that would produce the greatest power is an effective way to increase peak power. The purpose of the current study was to quantify the changes in peak force, peak power, and peak velocity among a modified plyometric push-up and plyometric push-ups with or without external loading in physically active young adults. Eighteen male and 17 female participants completed 4 push-ups: (a) modified plyometric push-up on the knees, (b) plyometric push-up without external loading, (c) plyometric push-up with an external load of 5% of body weight, and (d) plyometric push-up with an external load of 10% of body weight. Two force platforms were set up to collect vertical ground reaction forces at the hands and feet. The modified plyometric push-up demonstrated the lowest force, power, and velocity (5.4≥ Cohen's dz ≥1.2). Peak force and force at peak velocity increased (3.8≥ Cohen's dz ≥0.3) and peak velocity and velocity at peak power decreased (1.4≥ Cohen's dz ≥0.8) for the push-up without external loading compared with the 2 push-ups with external loading. No significant differences were observed for peak power among the push-ups with or without external loading (0.4≥ Cohen's dz ≥0.1). Although peak power is similar with or without external loading, push-ups without external loading may be more beneficial for a quick movement, and push-ups with external loading may be more beneficial for a greater force production.
Technology in Strength and Conditioning: Assessing Bodyweight Squat Technique With Wearable Sensors
Authors: O'Reilly Martin A. , Whelan Darragh F. , Ward Tomas E. , Delahunt Eamonn , Caulfield Brian M.
Published: April 2017

O'Reilly, MA, Whelan, DF, Ward, TE, Delahunt, E, and Caulfield, BM. Technology in strength and conditioning: assessing bodyweight squat technique with wearable sensors. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2303–2312, 2017—Strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches offer expert guidance to help those they work with achieve their personal fitness goals. However, it is not always practical to operate under the direct supervision of an S&C coach and consequently individuals are often left training without expert oversight. Recent developments in inertial measurement units (IMUs) and mobile computing platforms have allowed for the possibility of unobtrusive motion tracking systems and the provision of real-time individualized feedback regarding exercise performance. These systems could enable S&C coaches to remotely monitor sessions and help individuals record their workout performance. One aspect of such technologies is the ability to assess exercise technique and detect common deviations from acceptable exercise form. In this study, we investigate this ability in the context of a bodyweight (BW) squat exercise. Inertial measurement units were positioned on the lumbar spine, thighs, and shanks of 77 healthy participants. Participants completed repetitions of BW squats with acceptable form and 5 common deviations from acceptable BW squatting technique. Descriptive features were extracted from the IMU signals for each BW squat repetition, and these were used to train a technique classifier. Acceptable or aberrant BW squat technique can be detected with 98% accuracy, 96% sensitivity, and 99% specificity when using features derived from all 5 IMUs. A single IMU system can also distinguish between acceptable and aberrant BW squat biomechanics with excellent accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Detecting exact deviations from acceptable BW squatting technique can be achieved with 80% accuracy using a 5 IMU system and 72% accuracy when using a single IMU positioned on the right shank. These results suggest that IMU-based systems can distinguish between acceptable and aberrant BW squat technique with excellent accuracy with a single IMU system. Identification of exact deviations is also possible but multi-IMU systems outperform single IMU systems.
An Agent Based Distributed Shop Floor Control System for a Job Shop Environment
Authors: Kumari M. , Chilwant N. , Prajapati A. , Kulkarni M. S.
Published: April 2017

In addition to the inherent dynamism associated with any shop floor, a job shop environment exhibits certain additional features that promotes the use of decentralized over centralized decision support systems on the benchmark of responsiveness. The current work first highlighted the system level and operational complexities associated with a job shop environment and very objectively established the need for a decentralized decision support system for such set ups. Unlike various attempts of developing agent systems for shop floor, where major focus has been on imparting intelligence to scheduling agents, the current work took into account the need for integrating multiple shop floor functions, namely scheduling and maintenance, and demonstrated the development of a decision mechanism considering more than one shop floor function. The detailed design constitutes a global scheduling agent for entire floor and a set of local scheduling and maintenance agents for each machine on the floor. The novelty of the work lies in the thoroughness with which individual agent design has been attempted. The work reported in this paper added to the multiagent literature, specifically in the context of manufacturing, by answering certain questions like “how should intelligence be built into a shop floor agent?’ and ‘how could agents from different domains be integrated?” The work also highlights the fact that the advantage of agent features can be leveraged in true sense and systems based on them could be successful only if means of integrating heterogeneous functions are taken into account.
Brain Stimulation Reward Supports More Consistent and Accurate Rodent Decision-Making than Food Reward
Authors: McMurray Matthew S. , Conway Sineadh M. , Roitman Jamie D.
Published: April 2017

Animal models of decision-making rely on an animal’s motivation to decide and its ability to detect differences among various alternatives. Food reinforcement, although commonly used, is associated with problematic confounds, especially satiety. Here, we examined the use of brain stimulation reward (BSR) as an alternative reinforcer in rodent models of decision-making and compared it with the effectiveness of sugar pellets. The discriminability of various BSR frequencies was compared to differing numbers of sugar pellets in separate free-choice tasks. We found that BSR was more discriminable and motivated greater task engagement and more consistent preference for the larger reward. We then investigated whether rats prefer BSR of varying frequencies over sugar pellets. We found that animals showed either a clear preference for sugar reward or no preference between reward modalities, depending on the frequency of the BSR alternative and the size of the sugar reward. Overall, these results suggest that BSR is an effective reinforcer in rodent decision-making tasks, removing food-related confounds and resulting in more accurate, consistent, and reliable metrics of choice.
Combatting Police Discrimination in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Goel Sharad , Perelman Maya , Shroff Ravi , Sklansky David Alan
Published: April 2017

The exponential growth of available information about routine police activities offers new opportunities to improve the fairness and effectiveness of police practices. We illustrate the point by showing how a particular kind of calculation made possible by modern, large-scale datasets—determining the likelihood that stopping and frisking a particular pedestrian will result in the discovery of contraband or other evidence of criminal activity—could be used to reduce the racially disparate impact of pedestrian searches and to increase their effectiveness. For tools of this kind to achieve their full potential in improving policing, though, the legal system will need to adapt. One important change would be to understand police tactics such as investigatory stops of pedestrians or motorists as programs, not as isolated occurrences. Beyond that, the judiciary will need to grow more comfortable with statistical proof of discriminatory policing, and the police will need to be more receptive to the assistance that algorithms can provide in reducing bias.
Proposta de emprego de giroscópio e acelerômetro na perícia de acidentes automobilísticos
Authors: Lima Vinícius de Oliveira , Ricardo Z.
Published: April 2017

Os módulos de airbag que equipam os atuais veículos são responsáveis por acionar a deflagração de suas bolsas, quando certo limiar de desaceleração é percebido pelo seu sensor. Quando este limiar é atingido, dados de colisão como aceleração, velocidade, situação do pedal de freio (pressionado ou não) e estado dos cintos de segurança (tensionados ou não) são gravados na memória do módulo. Em países desenvolvidos existem scanners capazes de extrair essas informações e gerar relatórios extremamente úteis para análise forense de acidentes de trânsito. Porém, na grande maioria dos casos, esses scanners não são compatíveis com os veículos fabricados no Brasil ou são de uso exclusivo das montadoras, por isso, a análise pericial fica prejudicada. Esse trabalho pretende propor uma solução de baixo custo que possa ser embarcada nos veículos, como por exemplo em viaturas policiais, e que grave, de maneira simples e confiável os dados de velocidade angular e aceleração de uma eventual colisão. O equipamento proposto seria útil, ainda, no estudo do funcionamento dos módulos de airbag dos veículos nacionais, na medida em que geraria resultados para servir de comparação com os módulos das montadoras.
Етіологія та клініко-біохімічні показники крові за аліментарної остеодистрофії корів
Authors: Slivinska L. , Demydjuk S. , Shcherbatyy А. , Fedorovich V. , Tyndyk I.
Published: April 2017

Established etiological factors of nutritional osteodystrophy cows LLC Danylo Galician Yavoriv district, Lviv region. A clinical study on nutritional osteodystrophy cows. A decrease in productivity, alotriophagy, strained course, lameness, thickening and tenderness of the joints, softening of the caudal vertebrae, in severe cases – the formation of animals have been established. The fatness of most animals was below average, hypotension and atony of the predniegens were observed, body temperature was within the norm. In 50% of cows pallor of the mucous membranes was noted, in 10 cows – tachypnea (47.0 ± 0.45) and tachycardia (110.0 ± 3.65). In 10% of the cows, the thorax was pulled up, and the vertebral trunk – curved upwards. In 5 cows, fluctuations of the teeth were noted. Analyzing the diet of feeding cows, a shortage of phosphorus (10–15 g), cobalt (4–5 mg), zinc (27–110 mg), iodine (5–6 mg), sugar (120–180 g), copper (24–26 mg), carotene content (20–30 mg), excess calcium (14–28 g), iron (1400–2200 mg), manganese (210–360 mg). In the blood of experimental cows, the level of hemoglobin was reduced (by 10.6%), the number of erythrocytes (18.8%) in comparison with the animals in the control group. Leukoformula in cows was characterized by a decrease in the number of basophils (9%), eosinophils (47.6%), stabnoid (82.3%) and segmented (4%) neutrophils, monocytes (13.3%) and an increase in lymphocyte count (11% ). In the blood serum of the experienced, a decrease in the total protein content (7.2%), total calcium (26.3%), carotene (22.8%) and cobalt (58.8%) was established.
Білковий склад сироватки крові однорічок білого амура, уражених моногенеями, до та після застосування «Бровармектин-гранулятуTM» і «АвестимуTM»
Authors: Fedorovych O.V.
Published: April 2017

The success of treatment fish with invasive diseases depends on availability of highly efficient antiparasitic drugs in the pharmaceutical market. Therefore, scientists are constantly working to develop anti-parasitic drugs for the treatment of fish that would have not only high efficiency, less toxic to the body and the cost of medical treatment, but also contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes. That is why the purpose of our researches was to study the effect of «Granulated brovermectin» and «Avesstim» on the protein composition of blood serum of carp fish infested by various ectoparasites.Researches were conducted in garden-fish farms, SOE «Fish farm Halytskyy» (now LLC «Fish farm «Burshtynskyy») Rohatyn raion, Ivano-Frankivsk oblast and FE «Dobrotvir fish factory» Kamianka-Buzka Raion, Lviv oblast, located on the warm waters of cooling ponds of Burshtynsk and Dobrotvir Thermal Power Stations. Fish weighing 45–47 g were selected for researches.It was established that the use of «Granulated brovermectin» and immunomodulator «Avesstim» caused activation of protein metabolism in fish body affected by pathogens Dactylogyrus lamellatus, Gyrodactylus ctenopharyngodonis, and mixed infestations and as a result there was indicated the increase of total protein, albumins, globulins and α-globulins in their blood serum. Thus, the drug «Granulated brovermectin» in the blood serum of affected by ectoparasites fish total protein content compared with the control, increased to 4.23 (P < 0.001), albumins – to 2.82 (P < 0.001), globulins – to 1.41 (P < 0.05) and α-globulins – on 1.23 g/l (P < 0.01). Combined use of these drugs showed the best normalizing effect on the infested fish: the content of total protein in blood serum, depending on the type of infestation, increased to 5.22–9.97, albumins – to 4.34–8.17, globulins – 0.88–1.45, α-globulins tо – 1.36–2.20 g/l, and these changes in all cases (the exception – the quantity of globulins in the blood of fish affected by gyrodactylus) were reliable (P < 0.05–0.001).
Comissões Permanentes, Estrutura de Assessoramento e o Problema Informacional na Câmara dos Deputados do Brasil
Authors: Santos Fabiano , Canello Júlio
Published: April 2017

RESUMO É quase consenso na literatura sobre o Legislativo no Brasil que faltariam regras e procedimentos capazes de incentivar o desenvolvimento de expertise e capacitação dos parlamentares para a formulação de políticas públicas. Por essa perspectiva, o Congresso ainda estaria por desenvolver mecanismos informacionais no seu modo de atuar. Contudo, é possível detectar, no interior da Câmara dos Deputados, núcleos de excelência, a princípio, capacitados para o exercício de funções de cunho informacional: suas comissões permanentes e a estrutura de assessoria da Câmara (e dentro desta se destacando a Consultoria Legislativa). O artigo analisa especificamente o segundo mecanismo, propondo hipóteses sobre as condições em que o potencial informativo da assessoria é ativado, estabelecendo uma dinâmica informacional em seu modo de atuar e em sua interação com o plenário. A plausibilidade de tais proposições é examinada combinando entrevistas com assessores legislativos à análise quantitativa do fluxo de trabalho das comissões e da própria consultoria.
Relapse of congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, after spontaneous remission, in a second-trimester primigravida: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lúcio Donavan de Souza , Pignatari Jacqueline Foelkel , Cliquet Marcelo Gil , Korkes Henri Augusto
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Thrombotic microangiopathy syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS) describes distinct diseases sharing common pathological features: microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, without any other apparent cause. CASE REPORT: An 18-year-old second-trimester primigravida presented with a history of fifteen days of intense weakness, followed by diarrhea over the past six days. She reported having had low platelets since childhood, but said that she had never had bleeding or menstrual abnormalities. Laboratory investigation showed anemia with schistocytes, thrombocytopenia and hypohaptoglobulinemia. Red blood cell concentrate and platelet transfusions were performed. The hypothesis of TTP or HUS was put forward and ADAMTS13 enzyme activity was investigated. The patient evolved with increasing platelet counts, even without specific treatment, and she was discharged. One month afterwards, she returned presenting weakness and swollen face and legs, which had developed one day earlier. The ADAMTS13 activity was less than 5%, without presence of autoantibodies. Regarding the two previous admissions (at 9 and 16 years of age), with similar clinical features, there was spontaneous remission on the first occasion and, on the second, the diagnosis of TTP was suspected and plasmapheresis was performed, but ADAMTS13 activity was not investigated. CONCLUSION: To date, this is the only report of congenital TTP with two spontaneous remissions in the literature This report reveals the importance of suspicion of this condition in the presence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia without any other apparent cause.
PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF THE CHERRY TOMATO GENOTYPE GROUP BEFORE INFECTION BY Alternaria tomatophila
Authors: CATÃO HUGO CESAR RODRIGUES MOREIRA , SALES NILZA LIMA PEREIRA , MENEZES JOÃO BATISTA DE CAMPOS , CAIXETA FRANCIELE , COSTA CÂNDIDO ALVES
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Early blight (caused by Alternaria tomatophila) is a major disease of tomato with no resistant cultivars. Thus, it is necessary to identify sources of resistance and productive genotypes for the development of new cultivars. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the productive potential of cherry tomato genotypes grown in the summer / fall, the severity of early blight on leaves and the incidence of disease in fruits. The treatments consisted of Carolina tomato genotypes, Cereja Vermelho, CH 152 and CLN1561A. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with six replications, and the experimental plot had 16 plants. The following characteristics were evaluated: area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), average number of microinjuries on the fruits (MF), average number of fruits per bunch (NFC), average number of bunches per plant (NCP), average number of fruits per plant (NFP), average yield, number of fruits with incidence of early blight per plant (NFI) and the severity of early blight in leaves (%). The cherry tomato genotype CH152 showed tolerance to early blight with a smaller area under the disease progress curve, lower severity and fruits with incidence of A. tomatophila were not observed in this genotype. The CH152 had the highest number of fruits per bunch, greater number of bunches per plant, higher number of fruits per plant and higher productivity. This line has great potential of being integrated into breeding programs.
PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION FOR RADISH GROWN IN A LATOSOL WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF THESE NUTRIENTS
Authors: CECÍLIO FILHO ARTHUR BERNARDES , DUTRA ALEXSON FILGUEIRAS , SILVA GILSON SILVERIO DA
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT The intensive cultivation of vegetables with frequent chemical fertilization may cause accumulation of nutrients in the soil. This, in turn, may reduce crop yields and damage the environment due to contamination of ground water and rivers. Thus, to increase the effects of P (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha -1 of P2O5) and K (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 of K2O) doses on the growth and productivity of radish cultivars (Sakata 19 and Sakata 25) in a soil with high levels of these nutrients, two experiments were conducted in randomized blocks with the factors cultivars and doses arranged in a 2 x 5 factorial design with three replications. Number of leaves per plant, leaf area, shoot and root dry mass, total and commercial productivity, percentage of cracked roots and P and K contents in the plant and in the soil were evaluated. The Sakata 19 cultivar performed better than the Sakata 25 in both experiments. The fertilization with P or K did not influence the growth and the productivity of both radish cultivars. Therefore, both cultivars of radish evaluated do not need to be fertilized with P and K when planted in a Latosol with high levels of these nutrients.