bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimally Invasive Electrochemical Patch-Based Sensor System for Monitoring Glucose and Lactate in the Human Body—A Survey-Based Analysis of the End-User’s Perspective
Authors: Holzer Roman , Bloch Wilhelm , Brinkmann Christian
Published: October 2020

Background: Wearable electrochemical sensors that detect human biomarkers allow a comprehensive analysis of a person’s health condition. The “electronic smart patch system for wireless monitoring of molecular biomarkers for health care and well-being” (ELSAH) project aims to develop a minimally invasive sensor system that is capable of continuously monitoring glucose and lactate in the dermal interstitial fluid in real time. It is the objective of the present study to compare the intended ELSAH-patch specifications with the expectations and requirements of potential end-users at an early stage during the development phase. Methods: A questionnaire addressing different aspects of the ELSAH-patch was filled out by 383 respondents. Results: The participants stated a high general demand for such a system, and they would use the ELSAH-patch in different health care and physical fitness applications. The preferred terminal device for communication with the sensor would be the smartphone. An operating time of 24 hours would be sufficient for 55.8% of the users (95%-CI: 50.3–61.3%), while 43.5% of them (95%-CI: 38.0–48.9%) would prefer a lifetime of several days or more. The software should have a warning function, especially for critical health conditions. Since the measured personal data would be highly sensitive, the participants called for high standards for data security and privacy. Conclusion: In general, the participants’ responses on their expectations and requirements were well in line with the intended specifications of the ELSAH-patch system. However, certain technical aspects such as the lifetime, data security and accuracy require special attention during its development.
Anomaly Detection in Discrete Manufacturing Systems by Pattern Relation Table Approaches
Authors: Sun Xinmiao , Li Ruiqi , Yuan Zhen
Published: October 2020

Anomaly detection for discrete manufacturing systems is important in intelligent manufacturing. In this paper, we address the problem of anomaly detection for the discrete manufacturing systems with complicated processes, including parallel processes, loop processes, and/or parallel with nested loop sub-processes. Such systems can generate a series of discrete event data during normal operations. Existing methods that deal with the discrete sequence data may not be efficient for the discrete manufacturing systems or methods that are dealing with manufacturing systems only focus on some specific systems. In this paper, we take the middle way and seek to propose an efficient algorithm by applying only the system structure information. Motivated by the system structure information that the loop processes may result in repeated events, we propose two algorithms—centralized pattern relation table algorithm and parallel pattern relation table algorithm—to build one or multiple relation tables between loop pattern elements and individual events. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is tested by two artificial data sets that are generated by Timed Petri Nets. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve higher AUC and F1-score, even with smaller sized data set compared to the other algorithms and that the parallel algorithm achieves the highest performance with the smallest data set.
ISOBlue HD: An Open-Source Platform for Collecting Context-Rich Agricultural Machinery Datasets
Authors: Wang Yang , Liu He , Krogmeier James , Reibman Amy , Buckmaster Dennis
Published: October 2020

This paper introduces an open-source platform called ISOBlue HD for acquisition of context-rich data from agricultural machinery. We call these datasets context-rich, because they enable the identification of machine status and farming logistics by properly labeling, fusing, and processing the data. The system includes a single board computer, a cellular modem, local storage, and power-over-ethernet switch to sensors. The system allows remote diagnostics and access, automatic startup/shut down with vehicle operations, and uses Apache Kafka to enable robust data exchange. ISOBlue HD was deployed in a combine harvester during a 2019 wheat harvest for simultaneously capturing 69 million CAN frames, 230,000 GPS points, and 437 GB of video data, focusing on header status and operator actions over 84 h of harvest time. Analyses of the collected data demonstrate that contextual knowledge can be inferred on harvest logistics (paths, speeds, header status, material transfer) and sensor data semantics.
Probabilistic Analysis of a Buffer Overflow Duration in Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Kempa Wojciech M.
Published: October 2020

One of the most important problems of data transmission in packet networks, in particular in wireless sensor networks, are periodic overflows of buffers accumulating packets directed to a given node. In the case of a buffer overflow, all new incoming packets are lost until the overflow condition terminates. From the point of view of network optimization, it is very important to know the probabilistic nature of this phenomenon, including the probability distribution of the duration of the buffer overflow period. In this article, a mathematical model of the node of a wireless sensor network with discrete time parameter is proposed. The model is governed by a finite-buffer discrete-time queueing system with geometrically distributed interarrival times and general distribution of processing times. A system of equations for the tail cumulative distribution function of the first buffer overflow period duration conditioned by the initial state of the accumulating buffer is derived. The solution of the corresponding system written for probability generating functions is found using the analytical approach based on the idea of embedded Markov chain and linear algebra. Corresponding result for next buffer overflow periods is obtained as well. Numerical study illustrating theoretical results is attached.
Method of Calculating Desynchronization of DVB-T Transmitters Working in SFN for PCL Applications
Authors: Klincewicz Karol , Samczyński Piotr
Published: October 2020

This paper presents a novel method of calculating desynchronization between transmitters working in a single frequency digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T) network. The described method can be a useful tool for enhancing passive radar operations and improving passive coherent location (PCL) sensors to correct their measurements of target localization. The paper presents the problem of localizing DVB-T transmitters utilized by passive radars, and proposes a novel method based on Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) techniques to solve the problem. The proposed technique has been validated using real signals collected by a PCL sensor receiver. The details of the experiment and extensive result analysis are also contained in this article.
3D-Printed Bubble-Free Perfusion Cartridge System for Live-Cell Imaging
Authors: Terutsuki Daigo , Mitsuno Hidefumi , Kanzaki Ryohei
Published: October 2020

The advent of 3D-printing technologies has had a significant effect on the development of medical and biological devices. Perfusion chambers are widely used for live-cell imaging in cell biology research; however, air-bubble invasion is a pervasive problem in perfusion systems. Although 3D printing allows the rapid fabrication of millifluidic and microfluidic devices with high resolution, little has been reported on 3D-printed fluidic devices with bubble trapping systems. Herein, we present a 3D-printed millifluidic cartridge system with bent and flat tapered flow channels for preventing air-bubble invasion, irrespective of bubble volume and without the need for additional bubble-removing devices. This system realizes bubble-free perfusion with a user-friendly interface and no-time-penalty manufacturing processes. We demonstrated the bubble removal capability of the cartridge by continually introducing air bubbles with different volumes during the calcium imaging of Sf21 cells expressing insect odorant receptors. Calcium imaging was conducted using a low-magnification objective lens to show the versatility of the cartridge for wide-area observation. We verified that the cartridge could be used as a chemical reaction chamber by conducting protein staining experiments. Our cartridge system is advantageous for a wide range of cell-based bioassays and bioanalytical studies, and can be easily integrated into portable biosensors.
Importing Automated Management System to Improve the Process Efficiency of Dental Laboratories
Authors: Yang Cheng-Jung , Chen Ming-Huang , Lin Keng-Pei , Cheng Yu-Jie , Cheng Fu-Chi
Published: October 2020

Dental laboratories require manpower resources for manufacturing prostheses and inventory management. In this paper, we developed an automated inventory management system for dental laboratories to improve the production efficiency. A sensing system was developed based on the framework of Internet of things to collect the information of cobalt-chromium disks both in the storage room and manufacturing area, and an expert system was developed to automatically conduct inventory management based on the established rules. The proposed system can reduce the time of recording data and also assist the manager in configuring and managing material orders. The experimental results showed that a large amount of working time is reduced, resulting in the benefits of saving money and improving efficiency in dental manufacturing.
Electromechanical Response and Residual Thermal Stress of Metal-Core Piezoelectric Fiber /Al Matrix Composites
Authors: Wang Yinli , Yanaseko Tetsuro , Kurita Hiroki , Sato Hiroshi , Asanuma Hiroshi , Narita Fumio
Published: October 2020

It is well known that the curing residual stress induced during a fabrication process has a great influence on the performance of piezoelectric composite devices. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the residual thermal stress of lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric fiber aluminum (Al) matrix (piezoelectric fiber/Al) composites generated during fabrication numerically and experimentally and to understand the effect of the residual thermal stress on the electromechanical response. The three-dimensional finite element method was employed, and the residual stress generated during the solidification process of the Al matrix was calculated. The output voltage was also calculated in the analysis when putting stresses on the composite materials in the length direction of the piezoelectric fiber. It was shown that the cooling from higher temperatures increases the electromechanical conversion capability. Furthermore, we also performed the simulation, and we recorded the output voltage under concentrated load to investigate its application as a load position detection sensor, and we also discussed the influence of the position by changing the modeling with a different fiber position in the Al. The residual stress of hot press molded piezoelectric fiber/Al composite was then measured, and the comparison was made with the calculated values. The simulation results revealed that our model predictions reproduced and explained the experimental observations of curing residual stress. After this study, similar models of composite materials can be analyzed by this simulation, and the result can be used to design piezoelectric composite materials.
Mapless Navigation Based on 2D LIDAR in Complex Unknown Environments
Authors: Yan Kai , Ma Baoli
Published: October 2020

This paper presents a novel approach for navigation in complex and unknown environments. At present, existing local path planners whose control output is the mapping of current sensor data have been widely studied. However, these methods cannot really solve the problem of being trapped by obstacles. We analyzed the reasons and made improvements, and finally our approach can avoid being trapped in complex environments. The proposed method is based on 2D LIDAR. A central part of the approach is finding out gaps in the environment by analyzing sensor data. Then, we choose one of the gaps we find as the sub-goal. Linear and angular velocities are provided by the approach considering nonholonomic mobile robots. The method does not rely on global planners and environment maps. Therefore, it has the advantages of low computational complexity and fast response, which is of great significance to robots with low computing power; it will also help to reduce the manufacturing cost of robots. In addition, simulations and real tests were performed using the Turtlebot2 robotic platform. Successful results are achieved in both simulations and experimental tests.
Crack Protective Layered Architecture of Lead-Free Piezoelectric Energy Harvester in Bistable Configuration
Authors: Rubes Ondrej , Machu Zdenek , Sevecek Oldrich , Hadas Zdenek
Published: October 2020

Kinetic piezoelectric energy harvesters are used to power up ultra-low power devices without batteries as an alternative and eco-friendly source of energy. This paper deals with a novel design of a lead-free multilayer energy harvester based on BaTiO3 ceramics. This material is very brittle and might be cracked in small amplitudes of oscillations. However, the main aim of our development is the design of a crack protective layered architecture that protects an energy harvesting device in very high amplitudes of oscillations. This architecture is described and optimized for chosen geometry and the resulted one degree of freedom coupled electromechanical model is derived. This model could be used in bistable configuration and the model is extended about the nonlinear stiffness produced by auxiliary magnets. The complex bistable vibration energy harvester is simulated to predict operation in a wide range of frequency excitation. It should demonstrate typical operation of designed beam and a stress intensity factor was calculated for layers. The whole system, without presence of cracks, was simulated with an excitation acceleration of amplitude up to 1g. The maximal obtained power was around 2 mW at the frequency around 40 Hz with a maximal tip displacement 7.5 mm. The maximal operating amplitude of this novel design was calculated around 10 mm which is 10-times higher than without protective layers.
An Adaptive Deep Learning Framework for Dynamic Image Classification in the Internet of Things Environment
Authors: Jameel Syed Muslim , Hashmani Manzoor Ahmed , Rehman Mobashar , Budiman Arif
Published: October 2020

In the modern era of digitization, the analysis in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment demands a brisk amalgamation of domains such as high-dimension (images) data sensing technologies, robust internet connection (4 G or 5 G) and dynamic (adaptive) deep learning approaches. This is required for a broad range of indispensable intelligent applications, like intelligent healthcare systems. Dynamic image classification is one of the major areas of concern for researchers, which may take place during analysis under the IoT environment. Dynamic image classification is associated with several temporal data perturbations (such as novel class arrival and class evolution issue) which cause a massive classification deterioration in the deployed classification models and make them in-effective. Therefore, this study addresses such temporal inconsistencies (novel class arrival and class evolution issue) and proposes an adapted deep learning framework (ameliorated adaptive convolutional neural network (CNN) ensemble framework), which handles novel class arrival and class evaluation issue during dynamic image classification. The proposed framework is an improved version of previous adaptive CNN ensemble with an additional online training (OT) and online classifier update (OCU) modules. An OT module is a clustering-based approach which uses the Euclidean distance and silhouette method to determine the potential new classes, whereas, the OCU updates the weights of the existing instances of the ensemble with newly arrived samples. The proposed framework showed the desirable classification improvement under non-stationary scenarios for the benchmark (CIFAR10) and real (ISIC 2019: Skin disease) data streams. Also, the proposed framework outperformed against state-of-art shallow learning and deep learning models. The results have shown the effectiveness and proven the diversity of the proposed framework to adapt the new concept changes during dynamic image classification. In future work, the authors of this study aim to develop an IoT-enabled adaptive intelligent dermoscopy device (for dermatologists). Therefore, further improvements in classification accuracy (for real dataset) is the future concern of this study.
Analysis of the Borehole Effect in Borehole Radar Detection
Authors: Wang Wentian , Liu Sixin , Shen Xuzhang , Zheng Wenjun
Published: October 2020

The directional borehole radar can accurately locate and image the geological target around the borehole, which overcomes the shortcomings that the conventional borehole radar can only detect the depth of the target and the distance from the borehole. The directional borehole radar under consideration consists of a transmitting antenna and four receiving antennas equally distributed on the ring in the borehole. The nonuniformity caused by the borehole and sonde, as well as the mutual coupling among the four receiving antennas, will have a serious impact on the received signal and then cause interference to the azimuth recognition for the targets. In this paper, Finite difference time domain (FDTD), including the subgrid, is applied to study these effects and interferences, and the influence of borehole, sonde, and mutual coupling among the receiving antennas is found. The results show that, without considering the sonde and the fluid in the borehole, the one transmitting and one receiving borehole radar system does not have resonance, but the wave pattern of the reflected wave will have obvious distortion. For the four receiving antennas of the borehole radar system, there is obvious resonance, which is caused by the multiple reflections between the receiving antennas. However, when the fluid in the borehole is water and the relative permittivity of the sonde is low to a certain extent, the resonance disappears; that is, the generation of resonance requires a large relative permittivity material between the receiving antennas. When the influence of the sonde is considered, the resonance disappears because the relative permittivity of the sonde is low, which makes the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave between the antennas accelerate and lose the conditions for resonance. In addition, the diameters of the sonde and the circular array of the receiving antennas can affect the received signal: the higher the diameter of the sonde and the higher the diameter of the circular array are, the better the differentiation of the received signal. The development of the research provides scientific guidance for the design and application of borehole radar in the future.
Effect of Playing Position, Match Half, and Match Day on the Trunk Inclination, G-Forces, and Locomotor Efficiency Experienced by Elite Soccer Players in Match Play
Authors: Oliva-Lozano José M. , Maraver Elisa F. , Fortes Víctor , Muyor José M.
Published: October 2020

The rapid growth of wearable sensors has allowed the analysis of trunk kinematics during the match, which is necessary for having a better understanding of the postural demands of soccer players. However, some contextual variables may have an impact on the physical demands of the players. This study aimed to analyze the effect of three contextual variables (playing position, match half, and match day) on the sagittal trunk inclination, G-forces, and locomotor efficiency experienced by soccer players in match play. Then, wearable sensors were used to collect the trunk kinematics during 13 matches. Firstly, positional differences were found on the trunk inclination (p = 0.01) and the G-forces experienced by the players (p < 0.001). For example, the greatest and lowest trunk inclination was found for FW (~34.01°) and FB (~28.85°) while the greatest and lowest G-forces were found for WMF (1.16 G) and CD (1.12 G), respectively. However, there were no positional differences in the locomotor efficiency (p = 0.10). Secondly, the match half had a significant effect on the trunk inclination (p = 0.01) and the G-forces experienced by the players (p < 0.001) with significantly lower values observed during the second half. No differences between halves were found on the locomotor efficiency for any playing position (p = 0.41). Finally, no significant effect of match day on any variable was observed. This investigation is one of the first steps towards enhancing the understanding of trunk kinematics from elite soccer players. The positional differences found on the trunk inclination and G-forces imply that the development of position-specific training drills considering the postural demands is necessary to prepare the players not only for the physical demands but also for successful performance in the field of regard. The resistance to fatigue needs to be trained given the differences between halves.
Application of LSTM Network to Improve Indoor Positioning Accuracy
Authors: Gao Dongqi , Zeng Xiangye , Wang Jingyi , Su Yanmang
Published: October 2020

Various indoor positioning methods have been developed to solve the “last mile on Earth”. Ultra-wideband positioning technology stands out among all indoor positioning methods due to its unique communication mechanism and has a broad application prospect. Under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions, the accuracy of this positioning method is greatly affected. Unlike traditional inspection and rejection of NLOS signals, all base stations are involved in positioning to improve positioning accuracy. In this paper, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is used while maximizing the use of positioning equipment. The LSTM network is applied to process the raw Channel Impulse Response (CIR) to calculate the ranging error, and combined with the improved positioning algorithm to improve the positioning accuracy. It has been verified that the accuracy of the predicted ranging error is up to centimeter level. Using this prediction for the positioning algorithm, the average positioning accuracy improved by about 62%.
Stereo Imaging Using Hardwired Self-Organizing Object Segmentation
Authors: Chen Ching-Han , Lan Guan-Wei , Chen Ching-Yi , Huang Yen-Hsiang
Published: October 2020

Stereo vision utilizes two cameras to acquire two respective images, and then determines the depth map by calculating the disparity between two images. In general, object segmentation and stereo matching are some of the important technologies that are often used in establishing stereo vision systems. In this study, we implement a highly efficient self-organizing map (SOM) neural network hardware accelerator as unsupervised color segmentation for real-time stereo imaging. The stereo imaging system is established by pipelined, hierarchical architecture, which includes an SOM neural network module, a connected component labeling module, and a sum-of-absolute-difference-based stereo matching module. The experiment is conducted on a hardware resources-constrained embedded system. The performance of stereo imaging system is able to achieve 13.8 frames per second of 640 × 480 resolution color images.
Design, Fabrication, and Performance Evaluation of Portable and Large-Area Blackbody System
Authors: Bae Ji Yong , Choi Won , Hong Suk-Ju , Kim Sangyeon , Kim Eungchan , Lee Chang-Hyup , Han Yun-hyeok , Hur Hwan , Lee Kye-Sung , Chang Ki Soo , Kim Geon-Hee , Kim Ghiseok
Published: October 2020

In this study, a portable and large-area blackbody system was developed following a series of processes including design, computational analysis, fabrication, and experimental analysis and evaluation. The blackbody system was designed to be lightweight (5 kg), and its temperature could exceed the ambient temperature by up to 15 °C under operation. A carbon-fiber-based heat source was used to achieve a uniform temperature distribution. A heat shield fabricated from an insulation material was embedded at the opposite side of the heating element to minimize heat loss. A prototype of the blackbody system was fabricated based on the design and transient coupled electro-thermal simulation results. The operation performance of this system, such as the thermal response, signal transfer function, and noise equivalent temperature difference, was evaluated by employing an infrared imaging system. In addition, emissivity was measured during operation. The results of this study show that the developed portable and large-area blackbody system can be expected to serve as a reliable reference source for the calibration of aerial infrared images for the application of aerial infrared techniques to remote sensing.
Remote Sensing in Vessel Detection and Navigation
Authors: Heiselberg Henning , Stateczny Andrzej
Published: October 2020

The Special Issue (SI) “Remote Sensing in Vessel Detection and Navigation” highlighted a variety of topics related to remote sensing with navigational sensors. The sequence of articles included in this Special Issue is in line with the latest scientific trends. The latest developments in science, including artificial intelligence, were used. The 15 papers (from 23 submitted) were published.
Comparative Case Study Methods in Urban Political Development
Authors: Dilworth Richardson
Published: October 2020

Over the past decade there has been a concerted attempt among a growing group of authors to bring together the political science subfields of urban politics and American political development (APD). In this paper, I look at specifically how the comparative study of different cities and urban areas might contribute to this intellectual project, beginning with a brief illustrative comparison of Philadelphia and Montreal. I then place that comparison in the larger context of recent literature in postcolonialism, assemblage, and planetary urbanization, which I use to establish what I call an aggregation strategy for constructing variables—or, alternately, for denying the very existence of variables. I then suggest how my aggregation strategy could improve upon urban regime analysis, and inform new directions in studies at the intersection of urban politics and APD.
Understanding Private-Sector Engagement in Sustainable Urban Development and Delivering the Climate Agenda in Northwestern Europe—A Case Study of London and Copenhagen
Authors: Alkhani Roudaina
Published: October 2020

While greenhouse gas emissions in Europe have reduced in recent years, there is still a considerable gap between the current situation and where we need be to limit global warming and adapt to climate change, particularly in cities. The Sustainable Development Goals and the Climate Agenda have placed great emphasis on collaborative frameworks and the private sector’s crucial contribution to closing the climate gap in terms of investment and leadership in innovation. However, there has not been a concise follow-up and assessment of the private sector’s practical involvement and contribution, whether policy and legislative frameworks and planning approaches are suitable to enable this involvement, and who would lead in delivering the climate agenda locally. The present article addresses this gap reporting on case observations regarding the delivery of climate interest and sustainability through urban development in London and Copenhagen—two European cities of different sizes and varying government approaches. Thereby, the article assesses patterns of private-sector involvement and governance around climate adaptation and mitigation and locates gaps around its involvement in delivering the climate agenda. The analysis clarifies overarching differences in governance and frameworks for the involvement of the private sector between the two cities, attributing this on the local level partly to city size and scale, but to a great extent to ‘city leadership’ in the built environment and sustainable urban innovation in general. A crucial finding highlights the importance that cities further establish platforms for collaborative learning, specifically around pilot urban projects, thereby stimulating voluntary private engagement. Another key finding is in the potential effectiveness of strategies by public agencies such as city governments to incentivise private actors and simultaneously monitor sustainability effects both broadly at the city level, and specifically at urban project level using ecological, circular and life-cycle approaches. Further implications of the analysis point to the importance of developing a more nuanced approach to understanding the different roles fulfilled by the ‘private sector’ in the built environment and the necessity of creating an information base addressing the life cycle of development projects and business processes and comparing their impacts. The situation also necessitates considering efforts, impacts, climate finances and data on the broad city scale. The findings of this article can inspire further research, benefit further action in these cities and inform international efforts about climate gaps related to climate adaptation and mitigation.
Sustainable Design Alternatives and Energy Efficiency for Public Rental Housing in Korea
Authors: Lee So-Young , Oh Myoung-Won
Published: October 2020

The orientation and shape of a building can influence energy efficiency in both heating and cooling mechanisms. Given the climatic conditions of Korea, many people are concerned about housing orientation and prefer south-oriented locations. As such, many housing complexes consist of a series of long narrow units that are south-facing. The purpose of this study is to investigate design alternatives for the layout of a building complex, size of households, width to depth ratios of floorplans, and design and type of façade; to examine energy efficiency using energy simulation programs; and to suggest diverse design alternatives for public rental housing, as well as energy-efficient options. The alternative housing units, which are more square-shaped than the typical long and rectangular type, resulted in higher energy costs. Simulation results show that as the solar radiation load increases or the window area increases due to plan alteration, there is simultaneously a significant increase and decrease in the cooling and heating loads, respectively. The performance of the suggested layout alteration greatly increased the heating load and slightly decreased the cooling load with similar total energy costs.
Evaluation Research on Planning Implementation of Chinese Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones along the Belt and Road: Evidence from Longjiang Industrial Park, Vietnam
Authors: Zhao Sidong , Wang Xingping , Hu Xuefeng , Li Dongxue
Published: October 2020

Chinese Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones (COCZs) under the “One Belt and One Road” initiative are committed to promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization, becoming an important platform for the countries and regions where they are located to achieve the sustainable development goals of the 2030 agenda. The planning of COCZs plays a strategic leading and rigid control role in the sustainable development of parks, and the planning implementation effectiveness evaluation has been a key to the sustainable development of COCZs. From the perspective of sustainable development, we established a rating system depending on the deconstruction “effectiveness = efficiency + effect + benefit + capacity” to measure the planning implementation effectiveness evaluation indexes of COCZs, and conducted empirical research based on the evidence of Longjiang Industrial Park, Vietnam. The research results show that Longjiang Industrial Park has a good planning implementation effectiveness with remarkable comprehensive economic, social, ecological and political benefits. It features a good efficiency, effect and benefit from an excellent production capacity, reflected in the consistency between spatial planning and implementation results and a high satisfaction with planning implementation. However, planning implementation is also faced with problems such as the lag of time, imbalance between profit and loss, uneven achievement of goals, and lack of a refined planning control system. To make COCZs more sustainable in development and planning, the suggestion is, on the one hand, to accelerate the establishment of a regular and institutionalized mechanism for the planning preparation and implementation evaluation of COCZs, and bring sustainable development into the management requirements, and, on the other hand, to promote the transformation of COCZs planning from “Function and Scale Orientation” to “Quality and Effectiveness Orientation”, and guide the creation of a model for sustainable development and the planning of COCZs.
The Higgs Mechanism and Spacetime Symmetry
Authors: Dymnikova Irina
Published: October 2020

In this review, we summarize the results of the analysis of the inherent relation between the Higgs mechanism and spacetime symmetry provided by generic incorporation of the de Sitter vacuum as a false vacuum with the equation of state p=−ρ. This relation has been verified by the application for the interpretation of the experimental results on the negative mass squares for neutrinos, and of the appearance of the minimal length in the annihilation reaction e+e−→γγ(γ). An additional verification is expected for the dark matter candidates with the interior de Sitter vacuum of the GUT scale, whose predicted observational signatures include the induced proton decay in the matter of an underground detector, such as IceCUBE.
An Alternative to Dark Matter and Dark Energy: Scale-Dependent Gravity in Superfluid Vacuum Theory
Authors: Zloshchastiev Konstantin G.
Published: October 2020

We derive an effective gravitational potential, induced by the quantum wavefunction of a physical vacuum of a self-gravitating configuration, while the vacuum itself is viewed as the superfluid described by the logarithmic quantum wave equation. We determine that gravity has a multiple-scale pattern, to such an extent that one can distinguish sub-Newtonian, Newtonian, galactic, extragalactic and cosmological terms. The last of these dominates at the largest length scale of the model, where superfluid vacuum induces an asymptotically Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker-type spacetime, which provides an explanation for the accelerating expansion of the Universe. The model describes different types of expansion mechanisms, which could explain the discrepancy between measurements of the Hubble constant using different methods. On a galactic scale, our model explains the non-Keplerian behaviour of galactic rotation curves, and also why their profiles can vary depending on the galaxy. It also makes a number of predictions about the behaviour of gravity at larger galactic and extragalactic scales. We demonstrate how the behaviour of rotation curves varies with distance from a gravitating center, growing from an inner galactic scale towards a metagalactic scale: A squared orbital velocity’s profile crosses over from Keplerian to flat, and then to non-flat. The asymptotic non-flat regime is thus expected to be seen in the outer regions of large spiral galaxies.
Primary Adenosquamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ileum in a Dog
Authors: Yuki Masashi , Shimada Roka , Omachi Tetsuo
Published: October 2020

A 9-year-old male, castrated Chihuahua was examined because of a 7-day history of intermittent vomiting. A mass in the small intestine was identified on abdominal radiography and ultrasonography. Laparotomy revealed a mass lesion originating in the ileum, and surgical resection was performed. The mass was histologically diagnosed as adenosquamous cell carcinoma. Chemotherapy with carboplatin was initiated, but the dog was suspected to have experienced recurrence 13 months after surgery and died 3 months later. To our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe the clinical course of adenosquamous cell carcinoma in the small intestine of a dog.
OPTIMASI PENJADWALAN PRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN ALGORITMA HARMONY SEARCH DI PT ADI SATRIA ABADI (ASA
Authors: Purwanto Inaaratul Chusna Ichda , Nugroho Yohanes Anton , Suseno Suseno
Published: October 2020

PT Adi Satria Abadi (ASA) is a company engaged in the processing of leather, especially sheep skin and goat skin, which is used for the manufacture of golf gloves. The problem faced by the company is the production process that exceeds the due date to other customers who order products at PT ASA. From the research, it is known that the cause is a company scheduling method that has not been organized so that the production sequence is concurrent. Selection of methods Harmony Search algorithms in scheduling are caused by delays. The Harmony Search algorithm can provide a better makespan value than the company method. The results of the company method obtain 0.9 months makespan average, the Harmony Search Algorithm method produces an average 0.8 months makespan. In addition, the use of the Harmony Search Algorithm method can reduce the average value of 0.1 months makespan. The results of the study in three months experienced time savings of 0.6 months, 0.6 months and 0.1 months respectively.
Dispositivos de visibilidad en las propuestas teatrales de los grupos Kamar, Ob Caenum y Los Toritos
Authors: Perrone Nicolás
Published: October 2020

Numerosas prácticas teatrales ponen en cuestión la lógica tradicional de la representación. En virtud de esto, podemos analizar que los diversos dispositivos de visibilidad que emplean tienden a producir lo que, en términos de Rancière, se denomina un reparto de lo sensible. A partir ciertas propuestas del filósofo, podemos considerar que las obras de arte en general establecen un recorte sobre el territorio material y simbólico, estableciendo nuevas relaciones de espacio y tiempo y de aquello que es mostrable. Esto les otorga un carácter netamente político, en la medida en que producen una redistribución de lo común. En este sentido, el arte vendría a funcionar como el dispositivo que hace posible esas visibilidades. En este trabajo, nos interesa esta problemática en relación con las propuestas estéticas de tres grupos teatrales: Kamar (La Rioja), Ob-caenum (San Juan) y Los Toritos (Mendoza). Las diversas poéticas que abordan los elencos contribuyen a la reflexión sobre la teatralidad como dispositivo de visibilidad de formas no ajustadas a la norma de la mímesis y de redistribución de las relaciones actor-espectador, constituyentes del hecho teatral.
Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy in Anglophone Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review of National Policies
Authors: Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Kang Melissa , Perry Lin , Brooks Fiona
Published: October 2020

Background: Despite the existence of preventive policies across sub-Saharan Africa, countries within the sub-region lead global rankings for rates of adolescent pregnancy. The aim of this scoping review was to identify and review national policies on the prevention of adolescent pregnancy in Anglophone sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Relevant policies were identified from searches of national government websites and the search engine Google. Recognised screening and data extraction processes were used; data were subjected to content analysis using a published Framework for Evaluating Program and Policy Design on Adolescent Reproductive Health. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews guidelines was used in reporting the review. Results: In line with the inclusion criteria that guided the selection of relevant policies in this study, 17 of 75 national policies were suitable for the analysis. All were backed by political recognition, were government and public initiatives, acknowledged a range of determinants of adolescent pregnancy and allocated human resources to policy activities. Few specified financial resourcing. Most policies acknowledged the importance of coordination and collaboration among public and private actors. All policies had objectives that addressed adolescent pregnancy but none were measurable or included timeframes. Provision of comprehensive sexuality education and adolescent reproductive health services were the most common recommendations. Monitoring and evaluation plans were present in all the policies. However, youth involvement in policy formulation, and plans for implementation, monitoring and evaluation was scarce. Conclusion: Overall, national policy strengths were seen in relation to their political recognition, and all aspects of policy formulation. Policy implementation strengths and weaknesses were identified, the latter in relation to clear descriptions of financial resources. Importantly, the absence of measurable and time-bound objectives or formal evaluation of policy effectiveness confounds demonstration of what has been delivered and achieved. Youth involvement was notably absent in many policies. For future policy-setting, governments and policy-makers should make efforts to engage young people in policy development and to be transparent, realistic and address the necessary financial resourcing. They should set quantifiable policy objectives that provide a basis for assessing the adoption, uptake and effectiveness of policies in relation to measurable objectives.
Properties of Generalized (r,s,t,u)-Numbers
Authors: Soykan Yüksel
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we investigate the generalized (r,s,t,u) sequence and we deal with, in detail, three special cases which we call them (r,s,t,u), Lucas (r,s,t,u) and modified (r,s,t,u) sequences. We present Binet's formulas, generating functions, Simson formulas, and the summation formulas for these sequences. Moreover, we give some identities and matrices related with these sequences.
Production Decline Prediction of Shale Gas using Hybrid Models
Authors: Manda P. , Nkazi D.B.
Published: October 2020

Hybrid models have frequently been used for shale gas production decline prediction by manipulating the unique strength of each of the known decline models. The use of a combination of models provides a more precise predicting model for forecasting time series data as compared to an individual model. In this study, the forecasting performance of decline curve hybrid models and ANN-ARIMA hybrid models are evaluated and compared with Arps’, Duong’s, the Power Law Exponential Decline, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Artificial Neutral Network (ANN) models, respectively. The variable used to assess the models was the respective flow rate, q(t) monitored over a period of time (T). The results have shown that the single model approach can outperform hybrid models. The average deviation of the two best models indicates a central tendency of the production data around the mean. Subsequently, the spread in the data between the actual and predicted values is found to be less. It can thus be concluded that the ARIMA and ANN models have the best forecasting accuracy for production decline in shale gas compared to the other models.
Blackbox Seehafenhinterlandverkehre – Empirische Erkenntnisse zu Aufkommen und Struktur von Containerverkehren im Hinterland europäischer Seehäfen
Authors: Friedrich Thorsten
Published: October 2020

Logistiker träumen stets von der vollkommenen Transparenz: Wenn alle Informationen offen liegen, sind Optimierungen nur noch einige Rechenoperationen. Was in Teilen der Logistikwelt schon Usus ist, stellt die Akteure des containerisierten Seeverkehrs noch vor Herausforderungen. Seeseitig werden Containerströme zwar genau erfasst, doch die Verteilung im Hafenhinterland ist weniger gut beleuchtet, insbesondere bei zunehmender Regionalisierung der Betrachtung. Datengestützte Modellierungen sind ein Ansatz, dies zu lösen.
Elektrische Klein- und Leichtfahrzeuge – Mobilitätskonzepte mit Zukunftspotenzial?
Authors: Brost Mascha , Ewert Amelie , Eisenmann Christine , Stieler Sylvia , Gicklhorn Katja
Published: October 2020

Elektrische Klein- und Leichtfahrzeuge (LEV – Light Electric Vehicle) bieten Potenzial für eine nachhaltige Mobilität, sind jedoch heutzutage kaum verbreitet. Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zu verfügbaren Fahrzeugmodellen, technischen Eigenschaften, rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen der Nutzung und Einsatzmöglichkeiten im Personen- und Wirtschaftsverkehr. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse zu Chancen und Potenzialen von LEV wurden im Rahmen einer Studie im Auftrag der Landesagentur für neue Mobilitätslösungen und Automotive Baden-Württemberg, e-mobil BW, erarbeitet, die im Herbst 2019 veröffentlicht wird.
CO2-neutrale Kraftstoffe aus dezentralen Syntheseanlagen – Ansatz, Status Quo und der Blick nach vorne
Authors: Klumpp Michael , Böltken Tim , Gräfenhahn Alexander , Riedinger Michael , Pfeifer Peter , Dittmeyer Roland
Published: October 2020

Dieser Beitrag analysiert den Status erneuerbarer Energieträger im Mobilitätssektor und zeigt die Relevanz CO2-neutraler flüssiger Kraftstoffe zur Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele auf. Verschiedene Optionen des unter dem Begriff „Power-to-X“ bekannten Konzeptes zur Sektorenkopplung werden beleuchtet. Die Synthese von Fischer-Tropsch-Kraftstoffen aus CO2 und erneuerbarem Strom in modularen Anlagen wird beschrieben und deren technische Realisierbarkeit anhand konkreter Beispiele, unter anderem aus dem Kopernikus-Projekt „P2X“, belegt.
Digitale Disruption und Seeleute – Die Auswirkungen autonomer Schifffahrt auf die Arbeit auf See, die Rolle der Seeleute und der Schifffahrtsindustrie
Authors: Johns Dirk Max
Published: October 2020

Dieses Papier beschäftigt sich mit den sozialen und praktischen Folgen der autonomen Schifffahrt und Digitalisierung für Seeleute. Ziel ist es, eine Grundlage für weitere Diskussionen, Forschung und Strategieentwicklung zu bieten. Die Auswirkungen der Digitalisierung und insbesondere der autonomen Schifffahrt auf Seeleute sollen in den weiteren Kontext des Schiffsbetriebs gestellt werden und dabei die Digitalisierung von Schiffen und deren Systemen, die digitale Transformation des Schiffsbetriebs, die größere Autonomie der Schiffe und ihrer Systeme, den sich neu abzeichnenden Trend zur Zusammenarbeit zwischen landgestützten Betriebszentren (Remote Operating Centers, ROCS) und schiffszentrierten Input berücksichtigen und in einen Zusammenhang bringen.
A BRIEF MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF A SMALL INTERNAL FRUIT GROWN IN HABANERO PEPPER (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) MAIN FRUIT
Authors: Carballo-Bautista Miguel A. , Moguel-Salazar Fernando , Brito-Argáez Ligia , Cristóbal-Alejo Jairo , Islas-Flores Ignacio
Published: October 2020

Morphological characterization of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) showed that chilli fruit occasionally contains a small internal fruit (SIF) developing inside the main fruit. SIF morphology showed a normal fruit with pericarp, two locules and small reminiscent ovules joined to placental-like tissues. Histological analysis showed that SIFs maintain physical connexion with the placental tissues of the main fruit through vascular tissues. A Hardy-Weinberg analysis suggested that the frequency of SIF formation in the Capsicum chinense population studied is not the result of natural selection. This is the first report on this morphological abnormality in Capsicum chinense and constitutes an initial attempt to explain SIF formation frequency in this chilli pepper.