bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metabolic responses to long-term food deprivation in subterranean and surface amphipods
Authors: Nair Parvathi , Huertas Mar , Nowlin Weston H.
Published: January 2020

A long-standing hypothesis in subterranean biology posits that organisms living in poor resource subsurface habitats can withstand long periods of bioenergetic shortages due to an innate reduced metabolic rate when compared to their epigean counterparts. However, previous studies have proposed that caves with ample energy resources may not evolve organisms with reduced metabolic rate. The equivocal nature of previous findings suggests that there is a need to compare food deprivation responses of subterranean and surface species in order to elucidate whether there are widespread adaptations to low energy systems in subterranean taxa. The purpose of the study was to examine patterns in basal metabolism and the effects of food deprivation in closely related subterranean- and epigean- amphipods,Stygobromus peckiandSynurellasp. from central and east Texas, USA, respectively. Basal metabolic rates (measured as O2consumption) differed between species, withS. peckihaving substantially lower rates thanSynurella. Individuals of both species were food deprived for a pre-determined time interval and changes in total body protein, lipids, and carbohydrates were measured throughout food deprivation experiments.Stygobromus peckihad larger initial energy stores thanSynurellaand were more conservative in the use of energetic reserves over a prolonged period of food deprivation. Thus, it appears that althoughS. peckiare currently found in shallow phreatic and spring opening environments, they have maintained more efficient metabolic adaptations to deal with prolonged periods of food deprivation.
Dépôt psychique familial, groupe institutionnel « extra-large »… et enjeux de transformation
Authors: Sanahuja Maria de la Almudena , Bernard Alexandra
Published: January 2020

Cet article se propose, à partir d’une clinique spécifique familiale, celle de l’obésité pédiatrique, de mettre en avant l’importance de la prise en compte par le clinicien, des répercussions de l’inconscient familial en institution(s). À partir d’un exemple clinique paradigmatique, nous montrerons le déploiement de la « psyché familiale » sur la scène d’un réseau institutionnel, où même au sein d’un fonctionnement de « groupe extra-large », nous verrons les effets du « transfert-subjectal » sur les équipes professionnelles en termes d’homologie pathologique ou fonctionnel. Pour ne pas « se laisser prendre » par les avatars de fonctionnement liés à la non-symbolisation, et permettre ainsi une régulation collective, l’analyse de ces enjeux familiaux implique celle du fonctionnement de groupe et des liens de réseaux institutionnels, afin de réaliser un travail de transformation.
L’évaluation en question. Disputatio à propos de l’article de Claudine Veuillet-Combier
Authors: Diet Anne-Lise
Published: January 2020

L’évaluation des effets de la gpa sur la santé psychique des enfants, pose d’importants problèmes de méthodologie et de rigueur. Rien n’est plus étranger à la psychanalyse, qu’une approche évaluative qui structurerait la rencontre avec les enfants, ici nés de gpa . Enfin, une approche évaluative produira, de facto , un conflit de loyauté chez ces enfants, à l’égard de leurs parents.
Accompagner son enfant pour sa première rentrée des classes : des retrouvailles avec l’école qui questionnent le respect du contrat narcissique
Authors: Kannengiesser Véronique
Published: January 2020

Cette contribution s’intéresse au temps où l’enfant entre à l’école maternelle. Elle débute par quelques considérations sur les attentes paradoxales de l’institution, relayées par les enseignant.e.s qui sont incité.e.s à considérer les parents comme des partenaires tout en exerçant un contrôle sur leurs choix éducatifs. Les éléments empiriques, tirés d’observations cliniques dans les couloirs de deux classes de petite section complétées par des entretiens non directifs de recherche, mettent en exergue l’idée que l’angoisse manifeste chez les parents peut être reliée au risque d’une disqualification des énoncés transmis à l’enfant dans l’éducation familiale. C’est en s’appuyant sur le concept de contrat narcissique proposé par la psychanalyste Aulagnier, que l’auteure montre que les parents, au moment où ils retrouvent l’institution scolaire pour la scolarisation de leur enfant, peuvent être narcissiquement fragilisés parce que la question de la reconnaissance de leur appartenance au groupe sociale est de nouveau posée.
Vécu psychique d’une mère d’adolescente placée
Authors: Mazoyer Anne-Valérie
Published: January 2020

Si le placement s’avère nécessaire au regard des mises en danger et de l’impossibilité des parents à les endiguer et à pouvoir protéger leurs enfants, la séparation physique n’engendre pas forcément une séparation psychique. À partir du suivi d’une mère d’adolescente placée, nous avons montré les effets psychiques sur la parentalité, ce qui a permis à l’adolescente d’abandonner progressivement des conduites compulsives dont la fonction était d’impulser de la séparation, de la distance avec la mère. Cet article soutient la pertinence d’un travail pluridisciplinaire et l’investissement d’une équipe éducative sans lequel le suivi thérapeutique aurait été menacé de dissolution, de rupture.
Prédire et mesurer l’incommensurable : à propos d’un dispositif techno-médical contemporain
Authors: Peretti Pascale
Published: January 2020

Dans un contexte social où les évolutions idéologiques et technoscientifiques induisent de nouveaux rapports au savoir, et de nouvelles formes de pouvoir, leur impact sur la (re)production des subjectivités est à considérer. Aussi cet article interroge-t-il les incidences subjectives de nouveaux instruments techno-médicaux, tels que les tests génétiques pré-symptomatiques, tout en tentant de montrer précisément en quoi ce type d’appareillage médical pourrait relever du « dispositif » foucaldien. En particulier, c’est à travers l’exemple du test prédictif à la maladie de Huntington que sont explorés les retentissements psychiques d’un tel dispositif, notamment dans ce qu’il produit comme rapports à la temporalité, à la finitude, à la liberté et à l’assignation identitaire. Dans cette perspective, c’est à travers une mécanique de dé-subjectivation que sera analysé le pouvoir d’asservissement d’un tel outil technique.
An Assessment of
International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification,
Codes Used to Describe Common Pediatric Orthopedic Conditions
Authors: Rabenhorst Brien M. , Blasier R. Dale
Published: January 2020

The diagnosis coding system for health care providers that is used in the United States recently converted from the
International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision
(
ICD-9
), to the
International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD-10-CM
). The authors are unaware of any studies specifically evaluating the utility and specificity of
ICD-10-CM
codes in the pediatric orthopedic literature. The authors chose 20 diagnoses that are commonly seen in general pediatric orthopedic practice. The study had two goals: (1) to evaluate the adequacy of these codes to describe the diagnoses and (2) to offer advice on the most appropriate code to use when the ideal code does not exist. A list of 20 diagnoses that are commonly seen in general pediatric orthopedic practice were chosen by 2 fellowship-trained pediatric orthopedic surgeons. Each author independently evaluated the appropriate
ICD-10-CM
code for each diagnosis. The authors came to a consensus regarding whether the codes were adequate and agreed on an appropriate alternate code when the ideal one did not exist. One common condition had no code (accessory navicular), necessitating the recommendation of a nonspecific code. Other seemingly dissimilar conditions were described by the same code (acetabular dysplasia/femoral anteversion, Osgood-Schlatter disease/Blount's disease). Numerous codes lacked specificity, and the option of laterality was not uniform. Compared with the
ICD-9,
the
ICD-10-CM
allows more diagnostic options for these 20 common pediatric orthopedic conditions. The authors identified several areas for improvement. Involvement of subspecialty societies could guide future endeavors to improve this new coding system. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(2):e87–e90.]
Sobre el matrimonio de los magistrados de las Audiencias indianas : prohibición real y defensa judicial de los ministros inculpados en el siglo xvii
Authors: González Inés Gómez
Published: January 2020

Desde el siglo xvi la monarquía prohibió a los magistrados de las Audiencias americanas y a sus familiares contraer matrimonio en su distrito sin licencia, con el fin de aislarlos socialmente y conseguir así su imparcialidad. Esta prohibición, que fue muy controvertida en la época, ya que iba contra la libertad de matrimonio reconocida por el derecho canónico, no impidió sin embargo que lo ministros y sus hijos se casaran en el territorio de su jurisdicción. De hecho, la corona concedió y vendió muchas licencias y, además, hubo magistrados que celebraron sus bodas sin las debidas dispensas y no fueron castigados por ello. En este trabajo estudiaré el proceso contra cuatro jueces de las Audiencias de Panamá, Charcas, Lima y Chile, que sí fueron condenados por sortear la prohibición. Me centraré especialmente en sus estrategias de defensa, para lo que analizaré las alegaciones jurídicas (porcones), que hicieron circular en el transcurso de la causa judicial
Scrutinizing Raw Material between China and Italy: the Various Processing Sequences of Bombyx mori Silk
Authors: Desrosiers Sophie
Published: January 2020

Silk yarn may be transformed according to three distinct processing sequences, each producing silk cloths with specific aesthetic qualities. But only silks considered as ‘luxury’ ones, woven through one process, have attracted in-depth research. Through unveiling the characteristics of the three chaînes opératoires of silk processing, and of the silks that they produce, this article aims at revealing their diversity and at providing tools to distinguish them in written, visual, and material sources. The examination of various sources tends to demonstrate the economic, social and cultural importance of the three types of silks produced in China during the Han and Tang dynasties, then in Italy when silk weaving began in the late Middle Ages. Through a specific attention to yarn twisting, it appears that during the 15th century some Florentine silk workers were acting with implements and a body language similar to those active in China since at least the beginning of the Christian Era. It shows once more that the Orient had a great influence not only on Italian silk designs and weaves, but also on the simplest implements and gestures of their makers
Manuscrits d’auteur, norme linguistique et « critique des variantes » dans la tradition littéraire italienne
Authors: Vento Christian Del
Published: January 2020

En 1783, Vittorio Alfieri se rend à Ferrare pour consulter les manuscrits de l’Arioste. Il annote les variantes du Roland Furieux. Ce n’est pas un acte d’érudition mais une démarche poétique : il s’inscrit par ce geste dans une tradition qui remonte à la Renaissance, au cours de laquelle une nouvelle approche des manuscrits d’auteur avait vu le jour. L’étude des manuscrits autographes et des variantes d’auteur, rendue possible en Italie par la conservation exceptionnellement précoce des archives d’écrivain, était devenue un outil pédagogique d’apprentissage de l’écriture et de la langue. En l’absence d’une norme linguistique unique (que seul un pouvoir politique centralisé aurait pu imposer), on tente en effet de la dégager des usages des grands écrivains, dont les manuscrits autographes garantissent l’authenticité. L’exception italienne prend fin quand se concrétise l’unification politique de la péninsule et que s’impose la nécessité d’une langue littéraire vivante, capable d’exprimer la totalité des besoins d’une nation moderne.
Dynamics and stability of Marandu grass tillers in monocrop systems and babassu palm silvopastoral systems
Authors: Araújo Ricardo Alves de , Rodrigues Rosane Cláudia , Costa Clésio Santos , Santos Francisco Naysson Sousa , Lima Antonio José Temístocles , Rodrigues Marcônio Martins
Published: January 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics, population density of tillers and stability index of Urochloa brizantha in silvopastoral systems composed of babassu palm trees in the Pre-Amazon region. Four systems consisting of different densities of palm trees (80, 131, and 160 palms ha-1) and a monocrop were evaluated. The rates at which the basal tillers appeared in systems with 131 and 160 palms ha-1 were similar to each other and were slower compared to the monocrop pasture and the system with 80 palms ha-1. Despite the variations, the stability index was always higher than 1.0, which infers a compensatory mechanism between tiller appearance and mortality rate, since monocrop pastures and systems with 80 palms ha-1 have a higher rate of tissue turnover with high rates of tiller appearance and mortality; in contrast, the system with 160 palms ha-1 presents high tiller survival rates. Both the 160 and 131 palms ha-1 systems indicate impaired canopy renewal, as seen in the low appearance rate of basal tillers due to shading. As such, the tillering dynamics of the systems vary according to the density of palm trees, and the smaller tree densities favor the tiller turnover in the first generations evaluated.
Stigmatic receptivity of peach flowers submitted to heat stress
Authors: Carpenedo Silvia , Raseira Maria do Carmo Bassols , Franzon Rodrigo Cezar , Byrne David Hawkins , Da Silva João Baptista
Published: January 2020

Because of climatic changes, the cultivation of temperate climate plants such as peach in subtropical climates has become a challenge. In these areas, temperatures exceeding 25°C often occur during the pre-flowering and flowering phases. The high temperature causes damages by acting during the early stages of pollen-pistil interaction processes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stigmatic receptivity of peach flowers at 18°C and 30°C. The pollen adherence was evaluated as well as the germination and presence of pollen tubes in the transmitting tissue of the style. The genotypes responded differently to temperature. ‘Granada,’ ‘Diamante’, and ‘Sensação’ had a stigmatic receptivity that was less affected when flowers were exposed to the higher temperature. Most genotypes showed a reduction in the number of pistils with pollen tubes growing in the style, particularly when pollination was delayed.
Natural enemies in alternative plants during the soybean and corn offseason in Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Engel Eduardo , Pasini Mauricio Paulo Batistella , Hörz Daniele Caroline , Hesel Aline , Barassuol Daniel Rapachi , Chassot Claudio Ariel
Published: January 2020

Identifying the behavior of natural enemies during the crop offseason is a key tool for integrated pest management. The objective of this work was to evaluate the population density of natural enemies of the plants Chloris distichophylla, Andropogon bicornis, and Erianthus angustifolium and to analyze the influence of the structural complexity of these plants on the present population. During the offseasons of 2014, 2015, and 2016, 150 plants of each species were evaluated and subdivided into different clump diameters. The species Lycosa spp., Eriops connexa, Cicloneda sanguinea, Coleomegilla quadrifasciata, Lebia concinna, and Harmonia axyridis were identified. A. bicornis was the plant with the highest population density, followed by C. distichophylla and E. angustifolium. Plants with greater structural complexities sheltered a higher population density of natural enemies.
Atividade de estudo: sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico da criança em situação escolar
Authors: Mame Osvaldo Augusto Chissonde , Miguel José Carlos , Miller Stela
Published: January 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a contribuição da atividade de estudo para o desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico da criança desde os primeiros anos do ensino fundamental, período que sucede à educação infantil em que a criança, por meio da atividade reitora de seu desenvolvimento, o jogo de papéis sociais, começa a dar os primeiros passos da formação da sua personalidade. A entrada da criança na escola oferece condições para ela desenvolver a sua psique, agora por meio da atividade de estudo, encaminhada pelo professor por meio de sua atividade de ensino intencionalmente programada para conduzir a aprendizagem do estudante. Esse movimento concretiza a mudança da atividade principal da criança pequena à atividade principal da criança escolar, ou seja, do jogo de papéis sociais para a atividade de estudo que governa as mudanças mais importantes nos processos psíquicos e nos traços psicológicos da personalidade da criança em idade escolar. A atividade de estudo propõe-se a desenvolver o pensamento teórico por meio de conceitos científicos em oposição ao ensino que promove o pensamento empírico dos estudantes. O presente artigo deriva de investigação qualitativa, de base bibliográfica, tendo como referência um conjunto de autores, psicólogos e psicopedagogos, da Teoria Histórico–Cultural e do Ensino Desenvolvimental, cujas obras expressam a objetivação e a orientação de uma escola que se compromete com o desenvolvimento integral e humano das crianças e cuja matriz teórica é o materialismo histórico e dialético. A investigação realizada permite afirmar que um ensino organizado para desenvolver a atividade de estudo na criança promove condições para desenvolver o seu pensamento teórico e assimilar os conhecimentos científicos.
Ultrasound affects the selectivity and activity of immobilized lipases applied to fatty acid ethyl ester synthesis
Authors: Quilles Junior José Carlos , Ferrarezi Ana Lucia , Borges Janaina Pires , Rossi Jessika Souza , Bocchini Daniela Alonso , Gomes Eleni , Silva Roberto da , Boscolo Maurício
Published: January 2020

Hydrophobic carriers can be used to improve the activity, stability and other properties of enzymes. Physical agents, like ultrasound, may also contribute to improving the dispersion and collision of the reagent molecules, decreasing the reaction time and intensifying the catalytic process. However, its effect on the enzyme activity and reaction selectivity is still not entirely understood. Here, enzyme modulation of immobilized lipases was studied under pulsed ultrasound irradiation in fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthesis for biodiesel production. Novozym 435® and two commercial lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus and Rhizomucor miehei, immobilized on Octadecyl-Sepabeads were used as a biocatalyst in the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils and ethanol. The use of ultrasound associated with catalysis by the Novozym 435 increased the production of FAEE by about three times (from 8.9 to 26.4%) using soybean oil and changes were observed in the profile of the products. From the sonicated reaction, ethyl-palmitate production decreased from 23.4 to 11.7%, while the ethyl-linoleate content rose from 47.5 to 59.2%. On the other hand, the T. lanuginosus lipase was less affected by sonication with the overall production of FAEE increasing from 17.2 to 24.1%, with ethyl-palmitate and ethyl-linoleate content changing from 16.2 to 17.5% and 55.0 to 47.8%, respectively. Although the changes in the production yield are not too high, the main idea here was to show that ultrasound modulates the lipase activity as well as its respective selectivity. Thus, ultrasound, is responsible for changing the ethyl ester production, which can be applied to many other biochemical processes to improve or modulate their synthesis yield.
Some thoughts on systems in management
Authors: Sandrock K.
Published: January 2020

In order to deal successfully with planning and decision-making, managers have come to make extensive use of scientific problem-solving disciplines. Now a well-defined problem can come to a satisfactory solution. Indeed, the difficulty lies in trying to determine exactly what the real problems are, and to stop focusing on their symptoms. In this respect, classical methods of using technology are not adequate to deal with complex situations. What is required is a change in the approach to the examination of problem areas. It is suggested that thinking should be navigated away from the deliberate narrowing down of the area of concern (reductionism), towards a richer, and broader systemic orientation. In order to structure problem situations at this meta-level, the concepts of systems engineering can be of value. This article attempts to illustrate briefly in what respects the systems approach differs from classical technique oriented approaches; and how systems thinking may be used in dealing with situations in which there are many considerations.Met die oog op geslaagde hantering van beplanning en besluitneming, maak bestuurders in die jongste tyd op groot skaal gebruik van wetenskaplike dissiplines vir probleemoplossing. Nou kan 'n goed-gedefinieerde probleem tot by 'n bevredigende oplossing kom. Daar moet bepaal word wat die werklike probleme is, en nie op simptome gekonsentreer word nie. In hierdie opsig is klassieke metodes van tegnologieaanwending nie voldoende om komplekse situasies te hanteer nie. Wat benodig word, is 'n verandering in die benadering tot die ondersoek van probleemgebiede. Dit word voorgestel dat die dinkproses weggestuur moet word van die doelbewuste venouing van die area van ondersoek (reduksionisme) in die rigting van 'n ryker, en breer sistemiese orientasie. Ten einde probleemsituasies op hierdie meta-vlak te struktureer, kan die konsepte van die sisteembenadering van waarde wees. Hierdie artikel poog om aan te toon in watter opsigte die sisteembenadering van klassieke tegniek- georienteerde benaderings verskil; en hoe sisteemdenke gebruik kan word in die hantering van situasies wat kompleks is.
Management of a physiotherapy department
Authors: Cornell Carol
Published: January 2020

The concept of scientific management is considered. The functions of management are defined and discussed with particular reference to the management of a physiotherapy department. Qualities which are required in a supervisor are examined and the necessity for the development of management skills is stressed. The shortage of formally trained physiotherapy managers is noted and possible solutions to remedy this problem are suggested.
Practice management
Authors: Sulcas Paul
Published: January 2020

This article is based on a presentation by the author at the Annual General Meeting of the Private Practitioners Association of the South African Society of Physiotherapy held in Cape Town during February 1979. Various aspects of practice management are dealt with, and suggestions/ recommendations made as to possible courses of action which could overcome actual (or potential) areas of concern.
The dual circulation of the lungs and their connections
Authors: Bütow L.
Published: January 2020

The bronchial and pulmonary circulations are outlined and their relevance to certain pathological conditions is conjectured.
Exercise programmes and chronic obstructive airways disease
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: January 2020

No abstract available.
Rezensionen
Authors: Jakob Martin
Published: January 2020

Rezension zu:
Peter Frankl, Norihide Tokushige:
Extremal Problems For Finite Sets
, 224 Seiten, 52.00$ (Softcover). American Mathematical Society (2018), 978-1-4704-4039-8.
Determination of BTEX Pollutants in Ambient Air of The Holy City of Makkah
Authors: M. A. Hassanien M. A. Hassanien
Published: January 2020

This study briefly aims to analyze the atmospheric BTEX pollutants (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, o, m, p-Xylene for the first time in Makkah and Saudi Arabia. It was carried out at three sampling locations (Al-Shebakah, Al-Azizia, and Mina) during Hajj season 1431H. Ambient air was adsorbed on adsorbent tubes and analyzed on GC–MS. The mean concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and ? xylene in Al-Shebakah were 8.11; 15.85; 9.20 and 8.45, respectively, during day time and 31.44; 37.80; 42.03 and 38.71 µg/m3 during night time, respectively. The measured values in Al-Azizia, were 11.75; 9.42; 18.8 and 33.49 during day time, meanwhile, they were 4.78; 6.67; 8.45; and 18.56 µg/m3, respectively during night time. The third location Mina, the obtained values were 3.16; 8.07; 6.20; and 5.55 during day time and 34.03; 52.39; 35.52; and 64.51 µg/m3 during night time, respectively. The present study indicated that exposure to aromatic VOCs is to large extent influenced by different activities, weather conditions and diurnal variation in Makkah. In conclusion, the high levels of VOCs in the holy city are sufficient to represent a degree of risk to the pilgrims as well as the local populations and a more comprehensive studies all over the year would be required for better quantifying the problem.
Sobrevivência de plântulas de espécies florestais nativas, em mata ciliar no estado de Sergipe
Authors: Jesus Janisson Batista de , Ferreira Robério Anastácio , Gama Dráuzio Correia , Oliveira Alisson Marcel Souza de
Published: January 2020

Esse estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de analisar o comportamento temporal da sobrevivência de plântulas de espécies florestais nativas, visando à recuperação da vegetação ciliar de dois trechos do Rio Piauitinga, no município de Lagarto, estado de Sergipe. Em campo, o delineamento da semeadura direta se deu em blocos casualizados, testando 5 espécies nativas (2 pioneiras: Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. e Cecropia pachystachya Trécul. e 3 clímax exigentes em luz: Cassia grandis L.f., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) e Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya L. P. Queiroz), utilizando 2 tratamentos (sem e com a aplicação de tratamento para a superação de dormência), em quatro repetições amostrais. Plântulas de E. contortisiliquum originárias de sementes sem quebra de dormência se destacaram, tendo a maior sobrevivência entre as espécies e tratamentos utilizados. L. ferrea var. leiostachya apresentou emergência tardia. A sobrevivência inicial das plântulas das espécies utilizadas nos trechos de mata ciliar do Rio Piauitinga apresentou decréscimo ao passar do tempo, até atingir a estabilização da mortalidade, independente das sementes receberem ou não tratamento para a superação de dormência.
Effect of DNA markers on the fertility traits of Japanese Black cattle for improving beef quantity and quality
Authors: Kawaguchi Fuki , Tsuchimura Miyako , Oyama Kenji , Matsuhashi Tamako , Maruyama Shin , Mannen Hideyuki , Sasazaki Shinji
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Carcass traits have been efficiently improved by recent selection using DNA
markers in beef cattle. Additionally, DNA markers might have an effect on other
traits such as fertility traits; therefore attention should also be paid
to such pleiotropic effects. However, the effects of the markers on both
carcass and fertility traits have never been evaluated in the same
population, since they are generally measured in different populations. The
objective in the current study was to discuss effectiveness of DNA markers
developed for carcass traits through investigation of their effects on
carcass and fertility traits in a population. We genotyped six markers SCD
V293A, FASN g.841G>C, PLAG1 g.49066C>G, NCAPG I442M, DGAT1 K232A, and
EDG1 g.1471620G>T in a Japanese Black cattle population (n=515). To
investigate their effects on carcass and fertility traits, we performed
statistical analysis (ANOVA and the Tukey–Kramer honestly significant difference (HSD) test). In the results,
three of six markers, SCD V293A, NCAPG I442M, and EGD1 g.1471620G>T, were
significantly associated with both carcass and fertility traits.
Remarkably, the same allele for each marker had positive effects on both
traits, suggesting that we would be able to simultaneously improve them
using these markers in this population. However, previous studies reported
that the effects of DNA markers could differ among populations. Therefore,
it is necessary to confirm the effect of the marker in each population
before it is used for improvement.
Chemical characteristics of cloud water and the impacts on aerosol properties at a subtropical mountain site in Hong Kong SAR
Authors: Li Tao , Wang Zhe , Wang Yaru , Wu Chen , Liang Yiheng , Xia Men , Yu Chuan , Yun Hui , Wang Weihao , Wang Yan , Guo Jia , Herrmann Hartmut , Wang Tao
Published: January 2020

Abstract. To investigate the cloud water chemistry and the effects
of cloud processing on aerosol properties, comprehensive field observations
of cloud water, aerosols, and gas-phase species were conducted at a
mountaintop site in Hong Kong SAR in October and November 2016. The chemical
composition of cloud water including water-soluble ions, dissolved organic
matter (DOM), carbonyl compounds (refer to aldehydes and acetone),
carboxylic acids, and trace metals was quantified. The measured cloud water
was very acidic with a mean pH of 3.63, as the ammonium (174 µeq L−1) was insufficient for neutralizing the dominant sulfate (231 µeq L−1) and nitrate (160 µeq L−1). Substantial DOM
(9.3 mgC L−1) was found in cloud water, with carbonyl compounds and carboxylic
acids accounting for 18 % and 6 % in carbon molar concentrations,
respectively. Different from previous observations, concentrations of
methylglyoxal (19.1 µM; µM is equal to µmol L−1) and glyoxal (6.72 µM) were higher than
that of formaldehyde (1.59 µM). The partitioning of carbonyls between
cloud water and the gas phase was also investigated. The measured aqueous
fractions of dicarbonyls were comparable to the theoretical estimations,
while significant aqueous-phase supersaturation was found for less soluble
monocarbonyls. Both organics and sulfate were significantly produced in
cloud water, and the aqueous formation of organics was more enhanced by
photochemistry and under less acidic conditions. Moreover, elevated sulfate
and organics were measured in the cloud-processed aerosols, and they were
expected to contribute largely to the increase in droplet-mode aerosol mass
fraction. This study demonstrates the significant role of clouds in altering
the chemical compositions and physical properties of aerosols via scavenging
and aqueous chemical processing, providing valuable information about
gas–cloud–aerosol interactions in subtropical and coastal regions.
Propagation of gravity waves and its effects on pseudomomentum flux in a sudden stratospheric warming event
Authors: Song In-Sun , Lee Changsup , Chun Hye-Yeong , Kim Jeong-Han , Jee Geonhwa , Song Byeong-Gwon , Bacmeister Julio T.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Effects of realistic propagation of gravity waves (GWs) on distribution of GW pseudomomentum fluxes (Fps) are explored using a global ray-tracing model for the 2009 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). Four-dimensional (4D) (x–z, t) and two-dimensional (2D) (z, t) results are compared for various parameterized Fps. In ray-tracing equations, refraction due to horizontal wind shear and curvature effects are found important and comparable to one another in magnitude. In the 4D, westward Fps are enhanced in the upper troposphere and northern stratosphere, due to refraction and curvature effects around fluctuating jet flows associated with large-scale waves. In the northern polar upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere, eastward Fps are increased in the 4D. GWs are found to propagate more to the upper atmosphere in the 4D, since horizontal propagation and change in wavenumbers due to refraction and curvature effects can make it more possible that GWs elude critical-level filtering and saturation in the lower atmosphere. GW focusing and ray-tube effects have some impacts on changes in Fps. Focusing effects occur around jet cores, and ray-tube effects appear where the polar stratospheric jets vary substantially in space and time. Increase in the Fps in the northern upper stratosphere and the lower thermosphere begins from the early stage of the SSW evolution, and it is present even after the onset in the 4D. Significantly enhanced Fps in the northern stratosphere are likely related to GWs with small intrinsic group velocity (wave capture), and they would change nonlocally nearby large-scale vortex structure without changing substantially local mean flows.
Evaluation of climate model aerosol trends with ground-based observations over the last two decades – an AeroCom and CMIP6 analysis
Authors: Mortier Augustin , Gliss Jonas , Schulz Michael , Aas Wenche , Andrews Elisabeth , Bian Huisheng , Chin Mian , Ginoux Paul , Hand Jenny , Holben Brent , Hua Zhang , Kipling Zak , Kirkevåg Alf , Laj Paolo , Lurton Thibault , Myhre Gunnar , Neubauer David , Olivié Dirk , von Salzen Knut , Takemura Toshihiko , Tilmes Simon
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This study presents a multi-parameter analysis of aerosol trends over the last two decades at regional and global scales. Regional time series have been computed for a set of nine optical, chemical composition and mass aerosol properties by using the observations of several ground-based networks. From these regional time series the aerosol trends have been derived for different regions of the world. Most of the properties related to aerosol loading exhibit negative trends, both at the surface and in the total atmospheric column. Significant decreases of aerosol optical depth (AOD) are found in Europe, North America, South America and North Africa, ranging from −1.3 %/yr to −3.1 %/yr. An error and representativity analysis of the incomplete observational data has been performed using model data subsets in order to investigate how likely the observed trends represent the actual trends happening in the regions over the full study period from 2000 to 2014. This analysis reveals that significant uncertainty is associated with some of the regional trends due to time and space sampling deficiencies. The set of observed regional trends has then been used for the evaluation of the climate models and their skills in reproducing the aerosol trends. Model performance is found to vary depending on the parameters and the regions of the world. The models tend to capture trends in AOD, column Angstrom exponent, sulfate and particulate matter well (except in North Africa), but show larger discrepancies for coarse mode AOD. The rather good agreement of the trends, across different aerosol parameters between models and observations, when co-locating them in time and space, implies that global model trends, including those in poorly monitored regions, are likely correct. The models can help to provide a global picture of the aerosol trends by filling the gaps in regions not covered by observations. The calculation of aerosol trends at a global scale reveals a different picture from the one depicted by solely relying on ground based observations. Using a model with complete diagnostics (NorESM2) we find a global increase of AOD of about 0.2 %/yr between 2000 and 2014, primarily caused by an increase of the loads of organic aerosol, sulfate and black carbon.
Importance of Ammonia Gas-Particle Conversion Ratio in Haze Formation in the Rural Agricultural Environment
Authors: Xu Jian , Chen Jia , Zhao Na , Wang Guochen , Yu Guangyuan , Li Hao , Huo Juntao , Lin Yanfen , Fu Qingyan , Guo Hongyu , Deng Congrui , Lee Shan-Hu , Chen Jianmin , Huang Kan
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Ammonia in the atmosphere is essential for the formation of fine particles that impact air quality and climate. Despite extensive prior research to disentangle the relationship between ammonia and haze pollution, the role of ammonia in haze formation in the high ammonia emitted regions is still not well understood. Aiming to better understand secondary inorganic aerosol (SNA) formation mechanisms under high ammonia conditions, one-year hourly measurement of water-soluble inorganic species (gas and particle) was conducted in a rural supersite in Shanghai. Exceedingly high levels of agricultural ammonia, constantly around 30 μg m−3, were observed. We find that ammonia gas-particle conversion ratio (ACR), as opposed to ammonia concentrations, plays a critical role in SNA formation during the haze period. By assessing the effects of various parameters, including temperature (T), aerosol water content (AWC), aerosol pH, and activity coefficient, it seems that AWC plays predominant regulating roles for ACR. We propose a self-amplifying feedback mechanism associated with ACR for the formation of SNA, which is consistent with diurnal variations of ACR, AWC, and SNA. Our results imply that reduction of ammonia emissions alone may not reduce SNA effectively at least in rural agricultural sites in China.
The long-term spatiotemporal variability of sea surface temperature in the northwest Pacific and China offshore
Authors: Wu Zhiyuan , Jiang Changbo , Conde Mack , Chen Jie , Deng Bin
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) in
the northwest Pacific has been studied on seasonal, annual and interannual
scales based on the monthly datasets of extended reconstructed
sea surface temperature (ERSST) 3b (1854–2017, 164 years) and
optimum interpolation sea surface temperature version 2 (OISST V2 (1988–2017,
30 years). The overall trends, spatial–temporal
distribution characteristics, regional differences in seasonal trends and
seasonal differences of SST in the northwest Pacific have been calculated
over the past 164 years based on these datasets. In the past 164 years, the
SST in the northwest Pacific has been increasing linearly year by year, with
a trend of 0.033 ∘C/10 years.
The SST during the period from 1870 to
1910 is slowly decreasing and staying in the range between 25.2
and 26.0 ∘C. During the period of 1910–1930, the SST as a whole
maintained a low value, which is at the minimum of 164 years. After
1930, SST continued to increase until now. The increasing trend in the
past 30 years has reached 0.132 ∘C/10 years, and the increasing trend
in the past 10 years is 0.306 ∘C/10 years, which is around 10 times that of
the past 164 years. The SST in most regions of the northwest Pacific
showed a linear increasing trend year by year, and the increasing trend in
the offshore region was stronger than that in the ocean and deep-sea region.
The change in trend of the SST in the northwest Pacific shows a large
seasonal difference, and the increasing trend in autumn and winter is larger
than that in spring and summer. There are some correlations between the SST
and some climate indices and atmospheric parameters; the correlations between
the SST and some atmospheric parameters have been discussed, such as those of the North Atlantic
Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Southern
Oscillation Index (SOI) anomaly, total column
water (TCW), NINO3.4 index, sea level pressure (SLP), precipitation, temperature at 2 m (T2) and wind speed. The
lowest SST in China offshore basically occurred in February and the
highest in August. The SST fluctuation in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea (BYS)
is the largest, with a range from 5 to 22 ∘C; the
SST in the East China Sea (ECS) is from 18 to 27 ∘C; the smallest
fluctuations occur in the South China Sea (SCS), maintained
at range of 26 to 29 ∘C. There are large
differences between the mean and standard deviation in different sea
regions.
Terminal motions of Longbasaba Glacier and their mass
contributions to proglacial lake volume during 1988–2018
Authors: Wei Junfeng , Liu Shiyin , Zhang Te , Wang Xin , Zhang Yong , Jiang Zongli , Wu Kunpeng , Zhang Zheng
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The interaction between a glacier and its glacial lake plays an increasingly important role in glacier shrinkage and proglacial lake expansion, and it increases the risk of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Longbasaba Glacier is directly contacted by a moraine-dammed lake with a high outburst risk in the central Himalayas, and has drawn a great deal of attention from scientists and local governments. Based on Landsat images and in-situ measurements, the evolution records of the shrinkage of Longbasaba Glacier and the corresponding expansion of its proglacial lake were determined for 1988–2018, and the mass contributions of glacier shrinkage to the increase in lake water volume were assessed. During the past three decades, Longbasaba Glacier has experienced a continuous and accelerating recession in glacier area and length but accompanied by the decelerating surface lowing and ice flow. Consequently, Longbasaba Lake has expanded significantly at an accelerating rate. The glacier surface lowering played a predominant role in the mass contribution of glacier shrinkage to the increase in lake water volume, while ice avalanches were the main potential trigger for failure of moraine dams and subsequent GLOF events. Due to the areal expansion, decreasing mass contributions from parent glacier shrinkage, and some mitigation measures by local governments to improve the drainage systems, the potential risk of outburst for Longbasaba Lake has continuously decreased during the last decade.
An alternative form of the super-Gaussian wind turbine wake model
Authors: Blondel Frédéric , Cathelain Marie
Published: January 2020

Abstract. A new analytical wind turbine wake model, based on a super-Gaussian shape function, is presented. The super-Gaussian function evolves from a nearly top-hat shape in the near wake to a Gaussian shape in the far wake, which is consistent with observations and measurements made on wind turbine wakes. Using such a shape function allows to recover the mass and momentum conservation that is violated when applying a near-wake regularization function to the expression of the maximum velocity deficit of the Gaussian wake model. After a brief introduction of the theoretical aspects, an easy-to-implement model with a limited number of parameters is derived. The super-Gaussian model predictions are compared to wind tunnel measurements, full-scale measurements and a LES simulation, showing a good agreement and an improvement compared with predictions based on the Gaussian model.
Guests of Honour at Feria del Libro de Madrid: The Cases of '¡AleManía!' and 'France como un libro abierto'
Authors: Hertwig Luise
Published: January 2020

The objective of this paper is to analyse the presence of Germany and France as Guests of Honour at Feria del Libro de Madrid with regard to the interdependences between the book fair and its visiting countries. By means of expert interviews with the organisers, I studied the processes of selection, the objectives and the realisation of ¡AleManía! in 2011 and France como un libro abierto in 2016, as well as their accordance with the idea of bibliodiversity. In the past, the Guest of Honour seems to have played the role of an additional financial sponsor providing also further legitimacy for the public sales fair through its cultural programme. The guest countries in fact offer a variety of cultural and literary events at the venue, even though the selection of invited authors consists of actors with a strong or even dominant position in the respective literary field and therefore does not represent its diversity in every respect.
Benton-Cohen, Katherine: "Inventing the Immigration Problem: The Dillingham Commission and Its Legacy". Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2018. 352 pp
Authors: Saitua Iker
Published: January 2020

Benton-Cohen, Katherine: "Inventing the Immigration Problem: The Dillingham Commission and Its Legacy". Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2018. 352 pp
De Felipe Redondo, Jesús (Ed.): "Pensamiento utópico, republicanismo y socialismo en España en el Sexenio Democrático: la obra de Elías Zerolo". Gijón, Ediciones Trea, 2018. 109 pp
Authors: Tribaldos Milla Jaime
Published: January 2020

De Felipe Redondo, Jesús (Ed.): "Pensamiento utópico, republicanismo y socialismo en España en el Sexenio Democrático: la obra de Elías Zerolo". Gijón, Ediciones Trea, 2018. 109 pp
Gruzinski, Serge: "¿Para qué sirve la historia?", Madrid, Alianza Editorial, 2018. 248 pp
Authors: Méndez Arcila Candela
Published: January 2020

Gruzinski, Serge: "¿Para qué sirve la historia?", Madrid, Alianza Editorial, 2018. 248 pp
Negro, Nuño: "Un monstruo indestructible. Policía y orden público en el Estado español (siglos XIX y XX)". Madrid, Cuadernos de Contrahistoria, 2018. 246 pp
Authors: Buhigas Jiménez Rafael
Published: January 2020

Negro, Nuño: "Un monstruo indestructible. Policía y orden público en el Estado español (siglos XIX y XX)". Madrid, Cuadernos de Contrahistoria, 2018. 246 pp
EDUCAÇÃO PARA AS RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS: UM BALANÇO DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA NA RMESP”
Authors: ALVES ADRIANA DE CARVALHO , HADDAD CLAUDIA CRISTINA
Published: January 2020

Esse artigo se propõe a realizar um balanço da implementação das Leis Federais 10.639/03 e 11.645/08 – que tornam obrigatório o ensino da História e Cultura Africana, Afro-brasileira e Indígena – por parte da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo. Nos 15 anos que se sucedem à publicação da Lei 10.639/03, pode-se perceber avanços no que se refere a Educação para as Relações Étnico-raciais: foi construído um vocabulário conceitual e os sistemas de ensino tem se mobilizado para atender esse dispositivo legal. Esse artigo visa, portanto, apresentar os resultados de pesquisa que teve por objetivo analisar a oferta de formação continuada para professores por parte da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo. Para atender a esse propósito, realizamos uma investigação exploratória utilizando como fonte documental os comunicados publicados no Diário Oficial da cidade de São Paulo considerando: a somatória dos eventos realizados, a quantidade de vagas disponibilizadas e se houve dispensa de ponto. Apresentamos ainda as atividades realizadas pelas Diretorias Regionais de Educação, que demonstram a descentralização das políticas de formação e a autonomia dos territórios. A análise considerou ainda publicações relacionadas à destinação de orçamento e contratação de recursos humanos, o que possibilitou relacionar a oferta de formação continuada ao investimento do poder público municipal. Esse levantamento quantitativo revelou alguns dados que possibilitam um balanço inicial da implementação da referida legislação, apontando alguns caminhos para a produção de outras pesquisas relacionadas ao escopo da Educação para as Relações Étnico-raciais na Rede Municipal de Ensino de São Paulo.
Relación entre memoria secuencial auditiva, integración auditiva y desempeño fonológico en niños de 3 años a 3 años 11 meses con trastorno específico del lenguaje de tipo expresivo
Authors: Arévalo Romina , León Hernán
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo estudiar la correlación entre las habilidades de memoria secuencial auditiva (MSA), integración auditiva (IA) y el desempeño fonológico en 24 niños con trastorno específico del lenguaje (TEL) expresivo de un rango etario de 3 años a 3 años 11 meses que asisten a una escuela especial de lenguaje. Los participantes fueron evaluados mediante la aplicación de dos subtest del Test Illinois de Aptitudes Psicolingüísticas (subtest de MSA y subtest de IA), y el Test para Evaluar los Procesos de Simplificación Fonológica Revisado (TEPROSIF-R). Los resultados muestran una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre memoria secuencial auditiva, integración auditiva y desempeño fonológico. Al analizar los datos dividiendo la muestra en dos grupos etarios se observa que, para el grupo etario de 3 años a 3 años 5 meses existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre MSA, IA y desempeño fonológico. En cambio, para el grupo etario de 3 años 6 meses a 3 años 11 meses se observa la misma tendencia sin alcanzar valores estadísticamente significativos. Esto sugiere que la relación entre estas variables disminuye a medida que los niños se acercan a su cuarto año de vida.