bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liver Metastases and Histological Growth Patterns: Biological Behavior and Potential Clinical Implications—Another Path to Individualized Medicine?
Authors: Oliveira Rui Caetano , Alexandrino Henrique , Cipriano Maria Augusta , Tralhão José Guilherme
Published: February 2019

Colorectal cancer is a major health burden and despite the recent advances in healthcare and screening programs, a great percentage of patients already present metastases once their disease is found. In those cases, liver surgery has an essential role, but even with neoadjuvant chemotherapy there is a high rate of intrahepatic recurrence. New prognostic factors are needed in order to decide the best surgical approach considering the biological behavior of the tumors in order to tailor the used therapies, moving towards individualized medicine/treatment. However, the majority of the factors described in literature are expensive, time consuming, and difficult to apply on a daily basis. Histological growth patterns have emerged over the past few years as a reproducible characteristic, an easy to apply one, and with very low costs since it only needs the standard Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides of observation. In this article, we provide a review of the histological growth patterns of liver metastases and their prognostic significance, biological meaning, and therapeutic importance.
Free Vibration of Composite Thin-Walled Beams with Chordwise Asymmetric Closed Cross-Sections
Authors: Kim Keun-Taek
Published: February 2019

In this paper, some analytical results via extended Galerkin method on free vibration characteristics of an anisotropic composite beam, which is modeled as a nonuniform thin-walled structure with a chordwise asymmetric closed cross-section and corrected the warping functions, are newly presented. For this study, nonclassical parameters such as warping restraint, transverse shear flexibility, and structural couplings induced by two special configurations, such as circumferentially uniform stiffness (CUS) and circumferentially asymmetric stiffness (CAS), are incorporated. And also, design parameters of the beam associated with preset angles, pretwist angles, taper ratios, and section ratios are additionally investigated. The results of this study could play an important role in more efficient designs of composite thin-walled beams.
A Horizontal Azimuth Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna Using Omnidirectional Microstrip Arrays for WLAN Application
Authors: Yang Liang , Lu Cheng , Li Xiao , Liu Leilei , Yin Xiaoxing
Published: February 2019

A horizontal azimuth pattern-reconfigurable antenna with configurable parasitic element arrays for WLAN applications is proposed in this paper. It consists of a control board, a central series-fed omnidirectional microstrip array, four configurable parasitic elements, a bottom conducting plate, and a top supporting plate. The omnidirectional microstrip array is adopted as an exciter, around which the four same parasitic element arrays are arranged at four corners. The p-i-n diodes as switches are placed between the parasitic element arrays and the conducting plate to control the fifteen radiation patterns of the proposed antenna. The parasitic element arrays are configured as reflectors or directors by switching the p-i-n diodes on or off. The bandwidth achieved ranges from 5.00 GHz to 5.27 GHz. A gain of 8.52 dBi is obtained when the antenna reaches the maximum gain in the H-plane at 5.2 GHz. Good agreements between the simulated and measured results were observed. The proposed parasitic structure which has the same structure with the driven element can enhance the horizontal azimuth gain of the antenna. Only 4 p-i-n diodes are used to produce up to 15 useful beam configurations with a gain range of 4.56-8.52 dBi at the horizontal azimuth.
Effect of Interaction between Early Menarche and Genetic Polymorphisms on Triglyceride
Authors: Lee Ho-Sun , Leem Sangseob , Oh Bermseok , Park Taesung
Published: February 2019

Early menarche has been associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Therefore, investigating the association of each component of metabolic syndrome with age at menarche, and interactions between them, might lead to a better understanding of metabolic syndrome pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated age at menarche for risk of metabolic syndrome and associations with its components. As a result, the risk of MetS incidence was significantly increased only at ≤12 years of age at menarche (OR = 1.91, P<0.05). Women with early menarche (≤12 years) had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (β coefficient = 37.83, P=0.02). In addition, hypertriglyceridemia was significantly increased at early menarche with 1.99 (95% CI: 1.16–3.41, P<0.01). With GWAS-based pathway analysis, we found the type 2 diabetes mellitus, stress-activated protein kinase signaling, and Jun amino-terminal kinase cascade pathways (all nominal P<0.001, all FDR < 0.05) to be significantly involved with early menarche on triglyceride levels. These findings may help us understand the role of early menarche on triglyceride and interaction between gene and early menarche on triglyceride for the development of metabolic syndrome.
Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) Polymorphisms with Asthma Risk: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zou Fenfang , Zhang Jianpeng , Xiang Guoan , Jiao Hongbin , Gao Hongmei
Published: February 2019

Published data on the association between MMP-9 polymorphisms (−1562 C > T, rs3918242; Gln279Arg, rs17576 Arg668Gln, rs17577) and asthma susceptibility are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of this association, a meta-analysis was performed. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases to identify eligible studies. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the strength of association. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of individual studies on the overall effect estimates, and funnel plots and Egger’s test were inspected for indication of publication bias. Seven studies with 1592 asthma patients and 1987 controls were finally identified. Overall, we found no significant association between −1562 C > T, rs3918242 polymorphism, and asthma susceptibility in any of the genetic model comparisons. After categorizing studies into different subgroups on the basis of ethnicity and age, there is still no significant association. For the Gln279Arg, rs17576 polymorphism, there seems to be a significant association in the allelic genetic model in regard to the P value (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.00–1.22, I2 = 0%, PZ=0.044); however, the value of lower 95% CI is 1.0. For the Arg668Gln, rs17577 polymorphism, a high significant association was observed in the dominant model comparison (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.28–2.11, I2 = 22.50%, PZ=0), recessive model comparison (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.23–4.72, I2 = 0%, PZ=0.011), homozygote genotype comparison (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.36–5.33, I2 = 0%, PZ=0.004), and allelic genetic model (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.29–1.97, I2 = 36.9%, PZ=0). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated the stability of our results, and publication bias was not evident. The present meta-analysis suggests that MMP-9 Arg668Gln, rs17577 polymorphism may be the risk factor for asthma susceptibility.
Pickling Behavior of Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Authors: Li Huaying , Zhao Aichun
Published: February 2019

The oxide-scale structure and pickling behavior of oxided 2205 duplex stainless steel in the electrolytes containing hydrochloric acid were investigated. The oxide scales mainly consist of two layers: the outer layer is dense Fe2O3, and the inner granular is FeCr2O4 spinel. During the pickling process, pittings form around the boundaries of FeCr2O4 particles or interfaces of two kinds of oxides, which results in that the electrolyte can directly react with the chromium-depleted layer along the pittings to produce an “undercut” effect so that the pickling efficiency is improved markedly. The pickling mechanism was discussed, and the model was established.
Band Tunable CdSe Quantum Dot-Doped Metals for Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cell Application
Authors: Phuc Dang Huu , Tung Ha Thanh
Published: February 2019

Quantum dots are drawing great attention as a material for the next-generation solar cells because of the high absorption coefficient, tunable band gap, and multiple exciton generation effect. In search of the viable way to enhance the power conversion efficiency of quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, we have succeeded in preparing the quantum dot solar cells with high efficiency based on CdSe:X (Mn2+ or Cu2+) nanocrystal by successive ionic layer absorption and reaction. The morphological observation and crystalline structure of photoanode were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and the EDX spectra. In addition, the electrochemical performance of photoelectrode was studied by the electrochemical impedance spectra. As a result, we have succeeded in designing QDSSCs with a high efficiency of 4.3%. Moreover, the optical properties, the direct optical energy gap, and both the conduction band and the valence band levels of the compositional CdSe:X were estimated by the theory of Tauc and discussed details. This theory is useful for us to understand the alignment energy structure of the compositions in electrodes, in particular, the conduction band and valence band levels of CdSe:X nanoparticles.
Targeted Metabolomics Identifies the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Eicosanoid Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Target of Colon Tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Weicang , Yang Jun , Edin Matthew L. , Wang Yuxin , Luo Ying , Wan Debin , Yang Haixia , Song Chun-Qing , Xue Wen , Sanidad Katherine Z. , Song Mingyue , Bisbee Heather A. , Bradbury Jennifer A. , Nan Guanjun , Zhang Jianan , Shih Pei-an Betty , Lee Kin Sing Stephen , Minter Lisa M. , Kim Daeyoung , Xiao Hang , Liu Jun-Yan , Hammock Bruce D. , Zeldin Darryl C. , Zhang Guodong
Published: February 2019

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, emphasizing the need for the discovery of new cellular targets. Using a metabolomics approach, we report here that epoxygenated fatty acids (EpFA), which are eicosanoid metabolites produced by cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases, were increased in both the plasma and colon of azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colon cancer mice. CYP monooxygenases were overexpressed in colon tumor tissues and colon cancer cells. Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic ablation of CYP monooxygenases suppressed AOM/DSS-induced colon tumorigenesis in vivo. In addition, treatment with 12,13-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (EpOME), which is a metabolite of CYP monooxygenase produced from linoleic acid, increased cytokine production and JNK phosphorylation in vitro and exacerbated AOM/DSS-induced colon tumorigenesis in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate that the previously unappreciated CYP monooxygenase pathway is upregulated in colon cancer, contributes to its pathogenesis, and could be therapeutically explored for preventing or treating colon cancer.

Significance:

This study finds that the previously unappreciated CYP monooxygenase eicosanoid pathway is deregulated in colon cancer and contributes to colon tumorigenesis.
TAFRO Syndrome with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass and Lethal Autoantibody-Mediated Thrombocytopenia: An Autopsy Case Report
Authors: Morita Kaoru , Fujiwara Shin-ichiro , Ikeda Takashi , Kawaguchi Shin-ichiro , Toda Yumiko , Ito Shoko , Ochi Shin-ichi , Nagayama Takashi , Mashima Kiyomi , Umino Kento , Minakata Daisuke , Nakano Hirofumi , Yamasaki Ryoko , Kawasaki Yasufumi , Sugimoto Miyuki , Ashizawa Masahiro , Yamamoto Chihiro , Hatano Kaoru , Sato Kazuya , Oh Iekuni , Ohmine Ken , Muroi Kazuo , Ashizawa Kentaro , Yamamoto Yu , Oshiro Hisashi , Kanda Yoshinobu
Published: February 2019

TAFRO syndrome, a rare systemic inflammatory disease, can lead to multiorgan failure without appropriate treatment. Although thrombocytopenia is frequently seen in patients with TAFRO syndrome, little is known about its pathogenesis. Moreover, while recent studies have reported the presence of an anterior mediastinal mass in some patients, the pathological status of this remains unclear. Here, we report a case of fatal bleeding in a patient with TAFRO syndrome accompanied by an anterior mediastinal mass. A 55-year-old female was transferred to our hospital with a 2-week history of fever, epistaxis, and dyspnea. Laboratory tests revealed severe thrombocytopenia, computed tomography (CT) showed pleural effusions, and bone marrow biopsy revealed reticulin myelofibrosis. We suspected TAFRO syndrome, but the CT scan showed an anterior mediastinal mass that required a biopsy to exclude malignancy. She soon developed severe hemorrhagic diathesis and died of intracranial hemorrhage despite intensive treatment. She had multiple autoantibodies against platelets, which caused platelet destruction. An autopsy of the mediastinal mass revealed fibrous thymus tissues with infiltration by plasma cells. Our case suggests that thrombocytopenia could be attributed to antibody-mediated destruction and could be lethal. Hence, immediate treatment is imperative in cases of severe thrombocytopenia, even when accompanied by an anterior mediastinal mass.
Human Papillomavirus and Genital Disease in Men: What We Have Learned from the HIM Study
Authors: Sichero Laura , Giuliano Anna R. , Villa Luisa Lina
Published: February 2019

It is currently recognized that in addition to the major impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in females, HPV causes considerable disease in men at the genitals, anal canal, and oropharynx. Specifically, genital HPV infections may progress to genital warts and penile carcinoma. Although studies concerning the natural history of HPV infections and associated neoplasias have mainly focused on women, during the last 2 decades considerable attention has been given in further understanding these infections in men. The HIM (HPV infection in men) Study, the only prospective multicenter study of male HPV natural history, consisted of a large prospective international cohort study in which men from Brazil, the United States, and Mexico were enrolled. The design and protocols of this study allowed unraveling crucial information regarding the relationship between HPV infection and clinical consequences in men, and associated risk factors at each of the anatomic sites where HPV is known to cause cancer in men.
Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Hematochezia in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Feng Jiazuo H. , Navas Christopher M. , Olofson Andrea M. , Ahmed Nayla
Published: February 2019

Signet-ring cell carcinoma is a rare adenocarcinoma, predominantly affecting the stomach and ovaries. Primary sites elsewhere are rarer. It is recognized that there is an increased cancer risk with the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. We report a patient with Crohn’s disease who was diagnosed with signet-ring cell carcinoma in the setting of a Crohn’s flare. Diagnosis was made with endoscopy. Treatment included laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy with ileostomy with subsequent chemotherapy as an outpatient.
The Cryoablation for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions Using a Novel Flexible Bronchoscopic Cryoprobe in the ex vivo Pig Lung and Liver
Authors: Zheng Xiaoxuan , Yang Chi , Zhang Xueyan , Yuan Haibin , Xie Fangfang , Li Ying , Xu Baikai , Herth Felix J.F. , Sun Jiayuan
Published: February 2019

Background: Percutaneous cryoablation has been used for the treatment of lung cancer and has been shown to be safe and effective. However, some lung cancer lesions cannot be reached by percutaneous puncture; using bronchoscopy cryoablation is necessary in these cases. Purposes: To examine the efficiency and security of a flexible cryoprobe, we measured the size and temperature distribution of the frozen area (ice ball) in ex vivo pig lung and liver and the temperature of the bronchoscope. Methods: We evaluated flexible cryoprobe cryoablation using a bronchoscope in ex vivo pig lung and a flexible cryoprobe alone in ex vivo pig liver. Seven temperature sensors were positioned at the surface of the cryoprobe and at distances of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8 cm from the cryoprobe. Two temperature sensors were positioned at the surface of the bronchoscope. The ex vivo pig lung and liver were perfused with 37°C saline and the former was inflated using a ventilator to simulate in vivo lung conditions. The whole operation is usually 2–3 freezing cycles. Results: In ex vivo pig liver, probes made ice balls of 33.2 ± 0.2 mm in diameter. In ex vivo pig lung, probes made ice balls of 35.1 ± 1.7 mm in diameter. The temperature at the surface of the bronchoscope at distances of 1 and 10 cm from the cryoprobe reached 21.1 ± 0.1 and 10.5 ± 0.2°C. Conclusion: A flexible cryoprobe using a bronchoscope in ex vivo pig lung and liver was a sufficiently safe treatment method.
HPV Infections in Heterosexual Couples: Mechanisms and Covariates of Virus Transmission
Authors: Kero Katja , Rautava Jaana
Published: February 2019

Sexual intercourse is regarded as the primary route of human papillomavirus (HPV) transmission. Reported rates of the genotype-specific genital concordance of HPV infection among heterosexual partners vary. Most studies have evaluated only male/female genital transmission, but lately, the oral region has gained interest because of a rising trend of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer. Risk factors for type-specific concordance have been reported as an increasing number of younger couples, persistent HPV infection, higher frequency of sexual intercourse, rising number of spouse’s lifetime sexual partners, and sexual relations with prostitutes. However, the concordance of the same genital HPV genotype does not absolutely mean that it has been transmitted by the current partner. There are also other possible non-sexual transmission routes. The detected HPV infection may also be a reactivation of a previous infection. The high complexity of HPV transmission dynamics within an individual him-/herself as well as within sexual couples is discussed in this article.
Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - Pathology and Treatment Options
Authors: Ahrens Marit , Scheich Sebastian , Hartmann Arndt , Bergmann Lothar ,   IAG-N Interdisciplinary Working Group Kidney Cancer of the German Cancer Society
Published: February 2019

Non-clear cell renal cell carcinomas (nccRCC) are rare diseases with heterogeneous histopathologically and genetically defined entities. The clinical data on optimal systemic treatments of nccRCC is rather limited. In this review, the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of nccRCC based on histopathologic and genetic findings is reported. Regarding systemic treatment options, the most commonly used agents are mTOR inhibitors like everolimus or temsirolimus, or tyrosine kinase inhibitors like sunitinib. 2 small randomized clinical trials with nccRCC comparing sunitinib with everolimus revealed a trend towards a better progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in favor of sunitinib. In RCC with predominant sarcomatoid features, both chemotherapy and targeted agents are reported without any preference for outcome. For subsequent lines of therapy, some case reports describe promising effects of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in nccRCC including sarcomatoid subtype and Bellini duct carcinoma. Currently, nccRCCs are treated similarly to clear cell RCC or, whenever possible, within clinical trials. Clinical trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors are ongoing.
Chorioidale Raumforderung: primäres Aderhautmelanom oder metastasiertes kutanes Melanom?
Authors: Seibel Ira
Published: February 2019

Purpose: To report a case of metastatic cutaneous melanoma presenting with choroidal metastasis simulating primary uveal melanoma. Design: Case report. Method: Presentation of clinical, radiographic, histopathologic, and tumor genetic findings in a patient with cutaneous melanoma with choroidal metastasis. Results: A 50-year-old man with a remote history of stage 1A cutaneous melanoma presented with eye pain, peripheral vision loss, floaters, red eye, and choroidal mass that was originally diagnosed as a primary uveal melanoma at an outside institution; however, subsequent imaging and clinical evaluation demonstrated that this choroidal mass was the first manifestation of widely metastatic cutaneous melanoma (liver, pancreas, lung, bone, brain, and orbit lesions). Histopathologic analysis of the tumor after enucleation was consistent with cutaneous melanoma, and tumor genetic testing was positive for BRAF V600E mutation, confirming the choroidal lesion to be a cutaneous melanoma metastasis rather than a primary choroidal melanoma. Conclusions: Metastatic cutaneous melanoma to the orbit or globe occurs rarely. Tumor genetic testing may help differentiate metastatic cutaneous melanoma from primary uveal melanoma in cases where the diagnosis is uncertain, and can also inform therapy and prognostic counseling.
A Design-Based Stereologic Method to Quantify the Tissue Changes Associated with a Novel Drug-Eluting Tracheobronchial Stent
Authors: Debiane Labib , Reitzel Ruth , Rosenblatt Joel , Gagea Mihai , Chavez Miguel A. , Adachi Roberto , Grosu Horiana B. , Sheshadri Ajay , Hill Lori R. , Raad Issam , Ost David E.
Published: February 2019

Background: Granulation tissue is a common complication of airway stenting, but no published methods can quantify the volume and type of tissue that develops. Objective: To use design-based stereology to quantify changes in tissue volume and type associated with airway stenting. Methods: We compared drug-eluting stents (DES) filled with gendine to standard silicone stents in pigs in an assessor-blinded randomized trial. Tracheal stents were placed via rigid bronchoscopy. After 1 month, animals were euthanized and necropsies were performed. Antimicrobial effects of the DES were assessed in trachea tissue samples, on the DES surface, and with residual gel from the DES reservoir. Tracheal thickness was measured using orthogonal intercepts. Design-based stereology was used to quantify the volume density of tissues using a point-counting method. The volume of each tissue was normalized to cartilage volume, which is unaffected by stenting. Results: Pigs were randomized to DES (n = 36) or control stents (n = 9). The drug was successfully eluted from the DES, and the stent surface showed antibacterial activity. DES and controls did not differ in tissue microbiology, tracheal thickness, or granulation tissue volume. Compared to nonstented controls, stented airways demonstrated a 110% increase in soft-tissue volume (p = 0.005). Submucosal connective tissue (118%; p < 0.0001), epithelium (70%; p < 0.0001), submucosal glands (47%; p = 0.001), and smooth muscle (41%; p < 0.0001) increased in volume. Conclusion: Stenting doubles the volume of soft tissue in the trachea. Design-based stereology can quantify the tissue changes associated with airway stenting.
Laser-gestütztes 3D-Bioprinting und funktionale Biotinte ermöglichen unter Verwendung von humanen Stammzellen die Nachbildung cornealer Gewebestrukturen
Authors: Siebelmann Sebastian
Published: February 2019

There is a high demand for developing methods to produce more native-like 3D corneal structures. In the present study, we produced 3D cornea-mimicking tissues using human stem cells and laser-assisted bioprinting (LaBP). Human embryonic stem cell derived limbal epithelial stem cells (hESC-LESC) were used as a cell source for printing epithelium-mimicking structures, whereas human adipose tissue derived stem cells (hASCs) were used for constructing layered stroma-mimicking structures. The development and optimization of functional bioinks was a crucial step towards successful bioprinting of 3D corneal structures. Recombinant human laminin and human sourced collagen I served as the bases for the functional bioinks. We used two previously established LaBP setups based on laser induced forward transfer, with different laser wavelengths and appropriate absorption layers. We bioprinted three types of corneal structures: stratified corneal epithelium using hESC-LESCs, lamellar corneal stroma using alternating acellular layers of bioink and layers with hASCs, and finally structures with both a stromal and epithelial part. The printed constructs were evaluated for their microstructure, cell viability and proliferation, and key protein expression (Ki67, p63α, p40, CK3, CK15, collagen type I, VWF). The 3D printed stromal constructs were also implanted into porcine corneal organ cultures. Both cell types maintained good viability after printing. Laser-printed hESC-LESCs showed epithelial cell morphology, expression of Ki67 proliferation marker and co-expression of corneal progenitor markers p63α and p40. Importantly, the printed hESC-LESCs formed a stratified epithelium with apical expression of CK3 and basal expression of the progenitor markers. The structure of the 3D bioprinted stroma demonstrated that the hASCs had organized horizontally as in the native corneal stroma and showed positive labeling for collagen I. After 7 days in porcine organ cultures, the 3D bioprinted stromal structures attached to the host tissue with signs of hASCs migration from the printed structure. This is the first study to demonstrate the feasibility of 3D LaBP for corneal applications using human stem cells and successful fabrication of layered 3D bioprinted tissues mimicking the structure of the native corneal tissue.
Pancytopenia with Mediastinal Mass: Clinically Challenging at Times
Authors: AAL-Yaseen Hasan , Marashi Mahmoud , Al Olama Asma Sultan , Seliem Rania
Published: February 2019

Ineffective erythropoiesis (IE), occurring during chronic bone marrow failure (chronic hemolytic conditions or bone marrow infiltration by neoplastic or fibrotic tissue), results in several compensatory mechanisms, such as erythroid marrow expansion and extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). EMH can involve different body organs. We report on a 16-year-old male, previously known to have thalassemia minor, who was admitted with chest tightness and dry cough. He was found to have right-sided pleural effusion and hepatosplenomegaly. The full blood count demonstrated mild pancytopenia. Computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated the presence of right-sided pleural effusion and a paramediastinal mass. The initial clinical impression was mainly lymphoma. CT-guided needle biopsy of the paramediastinal mass revealed trilineage hematopoiesis with marked erythroid hyperplasia, consistent with EMH. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was consistent with thalassemia intermedia. This illustrates how the presence of EMH can be clinically misleading.
GPR55-Mediated Effects in Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Hasenoehrl Carina , Feuersinger David , Kienzl Melanie , Schicho Rudolf
Published: February 2019

The cannabinoid-responsive G protein-coupled receptor GPR55 and its endogenous ligand L-α-lysophosphatidyl­inositol (LPI) have been reported to play a role in several cancers. A proliferation-enhancing effect of GPR55 has been described for several cancer cell lines and LPI has been found elevated in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GPR55 signaling had an effect on the proliferation of colon cancer cell lines. Using cell viability assays and Western blotting, we show that stable overexpression of the GPR55 receptor led to a growth advantage of SW480 cells per se. Proliferation of native colon cancer cell lines, however, was not affected by pharmacological manipulation of GPR55. Interestingly though, GPR55 signaling was responsive to treatment with both the GPR55 agonist LPI and the antagonist CID16020046 in the overexpressing cancer cell lines. This was evident through significantly increased or decreased levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, respectively. Taken together, our findings suggest that GPR55 is constitutively activated in overexpressing colon cancer cells affecting ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cell proliferation.
Einfluss der Jahreszeit auf das Auftreten einer Retinopathia centralis serosa
Authors: Treder Maximilian
Published: February 2019

Purpose: We investigate seasonal variations found in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods: We retrospectively investigated 201 CSC patients at the Osaka Medical College Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 and evaluated their seasonal and monthly distributions. Results: The study population comprised 149 males and 52 females. There were significant seasonal differences in the distribution of patients, with 62 cases in spring, 37 in summer, 59 in autumn, and 43 in winter, and the monthly prevalence of CSC was high in March (n = 24), April (n = 22), and November (n = 23). In addition, seasonal variation of serous retinal detachment (SRD) in the macula could be observed in 12 recurrent CSC cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of CSC development was the highest in spring. In addition, recurrent SRD in the macula showed seasonal variation in some CSC patients. As factors related to CSC, season and temperature might influence the pathophysiology of CSC.
Evaluation of Restorative Materials Containing Preventive Additives in a Secondary Caries Model in vitro
Authors: Hetrodt Franziska , Lausch Julian , Meyer-Lueckel Hendrik , Conrads Georg , Apel Christian
Published: February 2019

The incorporation of antibacterial agents into dental restorative materials is a promising strategy for secondary caries prevention. Previously, Carolacton affected Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on composite materials in vitro. The present study evaluated secondary caries formation adjacent to Carolacton-containing composites and conventional restorative materials using an artificial biofilm model. Standardized cavities were prepared in bovine dentin-enamel samples (n = 175) and restored with various dental materials (Tetric EvoCeram [T], GrandioSo composite without [G] and with Carolacton [GC], Grandio Flow without [F] and with Carolacton [FC], GrandioSo containing sodium fluoride [GNaF], and Ketac Fil [K]). After artificial aging, S. mutans was grown on the samples for 7 days. The investigation of gap sizes and secondary caries formation was performed using confocal laser scanning microscopy and transversal microradiography. Median gap size in enamel was 9.4 µm (interquartile range 7.9–12.7). Compared to all other groups significant differences in gap sizes could be observed for Ketac Fil (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). Only GrandioSo composite containing 30% sodium fluoride and Ketac Fil showed significantly smaller lesion areas in enamel (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test) than all other groups which was confirmed by the mineral loss data (p < 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). Based on the present in vitro results, it seems that Carolacton-containing composite in the current formulation within the shown simplified monoculture biofilm model is not able to prevent caries formation compared to fluoride-releasing restorative materials.
Therapie des Keratokonus
Authors: Händel Alexander , Siebelmann Sebastian , Matthaei Mario , Moalem Yaman , Cursiefen Claus , Bachmann Björn
Published: February 2019

Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über die aktuellen therapeutischen Optionen des Keratokonus. Diese unterlagen in den letzten Jahren einem großen Wandel, einige neue therapeutische Möglichkeiten sind ergänzend hinzugekommen. Die Visusverbesserung durch Kontaktlinsen und Hornhauttransplantation wird mittlerweile durch die Anwendung von intracornealen Ringsegmenten ergänzt. Das Crosslinkingverfahren zum Stopp der Progression der Erkrankung wurde mittlerweile auch durch den Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss im letzten Jahr positiv bewertet. Auch hier gibt es neue Trends, die das Verfahren in Zukunft beschleunigen und schmerzfrei machen könnten. Sehr neu sind die Therapiemöglichkeiten der mini-DMEK und der prädescemetalen Hornhautnähte beim akuten Keratokonus, für den bisher keine effektive operative Therapie zur Verfügung stand. Diese Übersicht gibt einen Einblick in die aktuellen Entwicklungen in Kombination mit modernster intraoperativer Bildgebung zur Therapie des Keratokonus.
Effect of Dapagliflozin Treatment on the Expression of Renal Sodium Transporters/Channels on High-Fat Diet Diabetic Mice
Authors: Ma Chao , de Baaij Jeroen H.F. , Millar Paul J. , Gault Victor A. , de Galan Bastiaan E. , Bindels René J.M. , Hoenderop Joost G.J.
Published: February 2019

Background: Inhibition of the Na+/glucose co-transporter 2 is a new therapeutic strategy for diabetes. It is unclear how proximal loss of Na+ (and glucose) affects the subsequent Na+ transporters in the proximal tubule (PT), thick ascending limb of loop of Henle (TAL), distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct (CD). Methods: Mice on a high fat diet were administered 3 doses streptozotocin 6 days prior to oral dapagliflozin administration or vehicle for 18 days. A control group of lean mice were also included. Body weight and glucose were recorded at regular intervals during treatment. Renal Na+ transporters expression in nephron segments were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results: Dapagliflozin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in body weight and blood glucose compared to vehicle-treated controls. mRNA results showed that Na+-hydrogen antiporter 3 (NHE3), Na+/phosphate cotransporter (NaPi-2a) and epithelial Na+ channel expression was increased, Ncx1, ENaCβ and ENaCγ expression declined (p all < 0.05), respectively, in dapagliflozin-treated mice when compared with saline vehicle mice. Na-K-2Cl cotransporters and Na-Cl cotransporter mRNA expression was not affected by dapagliflozin treatment. Na+/K+-ATPase (Atp1b1) expression was also increased significantly by dapagliflozin treatment, but it did not affect Atp1a1 and glucose transporter 2 expression. Western blot analysis showed that NaPi-2a, NHE3 and ATP1b1 expression was upregulated in dapagliflozin-treated diabetic mice when compared with saline vehicle mice (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dapagliflozin treatment augments compensatory changes in the renal PT in diabetic mice.
A 47,XXY Pregnant Woman without the SRY Gene
Authors: Hu Liqin , Liu Ping , Ma Li , Xin Xiaoqin , Chen Junkun , Xie Qing , Luo Fuyu , Xie Xinxing , Huang Jungao
Published: February 2019

Individuals with a 47,XXY karyotype usually present with a male phenotype due to the additional Y chromosome. In this paper, we describe a 47,XXY female who was pregnant with a fetus of the same karyotype based on chromosome analysis of amniotic fluid cells. Further analysis of her Y chromosome indicated that the additional Y chromosome contains no SRY gene on the short arm but carries the azoospermia factor region on the long arm, including azoospermia factor a, b and c (AZFa, AZFb, AZFc). This region may influence her female phenotype. Fertile females with a 47,XXY karyotype and loss of SRY are extremely rare. This paper is the first report of a 47,XXY pregnant woman with a normal phenotype and may enrich our knowledge on 47,XXY individuals.
De novo Unbalanced 1;22 Translocation with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome
Authors: Vittas Spiros , Efstathiou George , Tsakalidis Christos , Malamaki Christina , Antari Vasiliki , Chatzitoliou Efthymia , Chatziioannidis Ilias , Galli-Tsinopoulou Assimina , Soubasi Vasiliki
Published: February 2019

This report describes a newborn girl presenting with some of the common features of DiGeorge syndrome/velocardiofacial syndrome (DGS/VCFS), including hypocalcemia, atrial septal defect, and aortic stenosis. Several genetic tests were carried out to determine the origin of the clinical phenotype. MLPA was initially performed followed by aCGH, cytogenetic analysis, and FISH. Cytogenetic analysis of the proband's parents was also done. MLPA revealed a deletion in 22q11.1q11.2 spanning from the cat eye syndrome region to the most commonly deleted region in DGS/VCFS patients. The size of the deletion as defined by aCGH was 3.2 Mb. The karyotype of the proband was 45,XX,der(1)t(1;22)(p36.3;q11.2)dn,-22, the karyotypes of the parents were normal. FISH analysis showed that the 22q11 deletion occurred in the der(1). No loss or gain of chromosomal material was evident for chromosome 1, as confirmed by MLPA, aCGH, and FISH. Unbalanced translocations resulting in DGS are relatively rare, with limited reports in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the second case involving chromosome 1 and the first one with breakpoints in 1p36 and 22q11.2. This case also emphasizes the importance of combining diagnostic methods to better understand a given genetic abnormality.
Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Health-Related Quality of Life in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kara Ali Veysel , Aldemir Mehmet Naci , Soylu Yasin Emrah , Arslan Yusuf Kemal
Published: February 2019

Objectives: Aim of the study was investigating the effect of serum vitamin D levels on health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Method: One-hundred and twenty-three maintenance hemodialysis patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients divided into 2 groups according to serum vitamin D levels. A serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) level of < 20 ng/mL was identified as vitamin D deficiency (n = 78), and a serum level of ≥20 ng/mL was identified as normal (n = 45). Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 (KDQOL-36) survey was used for quality of life measurement. Scores of the all of 5 subscales of KDQOL-36 were calculated. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to define independent risk factors affecting the survey. Results: Mean age of patients was 62 and 56% of patients were male. Mean 25(OH) D levels were 11.86 and 29.57 ng/mL, respectively, in 2 groups. There was statistically significant difference between age and Kt/V levels between 2 groups (p = 0.008 and p = 0.041). Age and gender were found as significant predictors of vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.026 and p = 0.021). In symptom and problem list subscale, gender and comorbidity were detected as independent risk factors (p = 0.050 and p = 0.032). Comorbidity was the only independent risk factor for effect of kidney disease subscale (p < 0.001). Independent risk factors associated with burden of kidney disease subscale were comorbidity and serum 25 (OH) D levels (p = 0.003 and p = 0.023). Serum 25(OH) D, gender, and comorbidity were independently associated with physical component summary (PCS) subscale (p < 0.001, p = 0.008, and p = 0.011). The only independently associated factor with mental component summary (MCS) was serum 25(OH) D (p < 0.001). Conclusion: We first showed the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and KDQOL-36 in hemodialysis patients. Lower serum vitamin D levels were negatively associated with burden of kidney disease, PCS, and MCS subscales.
Apresentação
Authors: Villas Bôas Luciana , Mata Sérgio da
Published: February 2019

.
Ernst Jünger
Authors: Coelho Victor de Oliveira Pinto
Published: February 2019

O artigo visa a uma análise comparativa das obras de Ernst Jünger O trabalhador e Nos penhascos de mármore. O objetivo é demonstrar que o conservadorismo do autor abrange essas duas obras, que representam fases distintas: a primeira marcada a busca pela junção do mecânico e do orgânico através do realismo heroico, e a segunda pela busca por uma Ordem transcendente. Assim, se houve, por um lado, uma mudança política do autor, que se afasta definitivamente do horizonte nazista através do caráter alegórico de Nos penhascos de mármore, por outro lado, sua obra continua ligada a uma ênfase aristocrática e conservadora numa Ordem que determina a vida. Nesse sentido, buscamos as similaridades entre figuras e imagens delineadas pelo autor em O trabalhador, Nos penhascos de mármore, assim como outras obras do período do entreguerras.
Die Übersetzung der Kashinawa-Mythen in Theodor Koch-Grünbergs Indianermärchen aus Südamerika
Authors: Reiter Sabine
Published: February 2019

Neben seinen ethnologischen und linguistischen Studien zu indigenen Kulturen der Amazonasregion beschäftigte sich der deutsche Brasilienforscher Theodor KochGrünberg auch mit indigenen Mythen und hatte klare Vorstellungen davon, wie diese mündlich überlieferten Erzählungen dokumentiert und übersetzt werden sollten. Modellcharakter hatte für ihn die interlineare Übersetzung des brasilianischen Historikers João Capistrano de Abreu von Texten aus dem Kashinawa, einer Panosprache, die noch heute im brasilianisch-peruanischen Grenzgebiet von Mitgliedern der ethnischen Gruppe gesprochen wird. Capistranos Textsammlung Rã-txa hu-ni ku-ĩ wurde 1914 in Brasilien veröffentlicht. Bereits 1920 erfolgte die Publikation der Indianermärchen aus Südamerika durch Koch-Grünberg, wobei von den 117 ins Deutsche übertragenen Geschichten 13 aus Capistranos Werk stammten. In diesem Beitrag soll anhand ausgewählter Textbeispiele die Übersetzung Koch-Grünbergs aus dem Kashinawa ins Deutsche diskutiert werden. Grundlage war dabei die transkribierte Textsammlung in Originalsprache mit einer Wort-für-Wort-Übersetzung ins Portugiesische sowie einem angehängten Glossar und einem Grammatiksketch. In Koch-Grünbergs eigenen Aufzeichnungen wird zusätzlich deutlich, dass es sich um einen multiplen Übersetzungsprozess handelt: von einem mündlich präsentierten narrativen Diskurs mit performativen Elementen in Schriftsprache, von einer indigenen Sprache Südamerikas in eine typologisch weit entfernte europäische und von einer vollkommen unbekannten Kultur in eine für den brasilianischen wie den deutschen Leser nachvollziehbare.
Padrões sintáticos e semânticos do verbo stellen, com enfoque em seu uso como verbo suporte
Authors: Ehrler Thaís Dias de Castilho
Published: February 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os principais resultados de uma análise sintático-semântica do verbo stellen, com principal enfoque em sua ocorrência como verbo suporte. Como base teórica nos utilizamos da gramática de construções, mais especificamente da abordagem construcional de Goldberg (1995; 2006) sobre as construções argumentais que, segundo a autora, seriam por si só portadoras de sentido, independente de outros itens lexicais que compõem as sentenças. Para análise de construções com verbo suporte deverbais, levamos em conta os trabalhos de Wittenberg e Piñango (2011) e Wittenberg (2016), que analisam o processamento desse tipo de construções. A análise em corpus confirmou o princípio da economia semântica postulado pela gramática de construções, já que os sentidos atribuídos tradicionalmente somente ao verbo, podem ser entendidos como resultado das relações entre stellen e as construções argumentais que ele pode integrar. Os resultados da análise das construções com verbo suporte deverbais indicam que o sentido global sofre influência da estrutura argumental tanto do verbo suporte, quanto do componente nominal. As construções com verbo suporte altamente lexicalizadas formadas por stellen, por sua vez, são consideradas unidades armazenadas como um todo no léxico.
Variação linguística e alemão como língua estrangeira
Authors: Limberger Bernardo , Von Mühlen Fernanda
Published: February 2019

Muitas vezes, instituições escolares e políticas supervalorizam a norma padrão, raramente reconhecendo a legitimidade da variação linguística. Entretanto, a variação (histórica, geográfica, social ou estilística), sendo inerente a todas as línguas, não pode ser ignorada. Em sala de aula, tanto de língua materna quanto de língua estrangeira, é necessário abordar a variação, de modo que o aluno possa usar a língua em contextos diversificados e realísticos, sem criar uma versão estereotipada. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é compreender se e em que contextos as diferentes variedades da língua alemã se concretizam em dois livros didáticos para o ensino como língua estrangeira, um para adolescentes e outro para adultos. O método da pesquisa é de cunho quanti-qualitativo, estabelecendo uma visão panorâmica da variação e analisando o tratamento dado a ela em atividades selecionadas. Os resultados sugerem que os livros abordam apenas alguns aspectos da variação geográfica e estilística. Na discussão, são problematizados esses resultados, com o intuito de auxiliar professores na avaliação e no manejo de materiais didáticos com relação à variação linguística.
História, literatura e antropologia no Iluminismo tardio alemão
Authors: Araújo André de Melo
Published: February 2019

Ao analisar o drama Os bandoleiros (1781), de Friedrich Schiller, este artigo defende a tese segundo a qual o pensamento antropológico desenvolvido à época do iluminismo tardio alemão serve de fundamento não apenas para os discursos médico e historiográfico, mas também para uma parcela significativa da produção literária do período. Para tanto, na primeira seção deste artigo, investigam-se as bases de formação da cultura letrada e, particularmente, da cultura médica alemã na segunda metade do século XVIII, bem como as discussões à época vigentes em torno do conceito de antropologia. Na segunda e na terceira seções, discutem-se as tendências da pesquisa contemporânea que exploram os pontos de contato entre o conhecimento histórico, o pensamento antropológico e a produção literária no século das Luzes. Esses passos fundamentam a tese aqui defendida e segundo a qual o modo de representação literária operado por Schiller em Os bandoleiros é expressão direta do projeto de compreensão – em termos antropológicos – das totalidades integradas do homem e da história da humanidade.
moderna cidade de São Paulo e as doenças do progresso, 1930-1970
Authors: Mota Andre
Published: February 2019

O estudo aqui apresentado traz como eixo central de análise, a relação estabelecida entre a cidade de São Paulo a partir dos anos de 1930, quando se vê em franco processo de metropolização com contornos de uma determinada modernidade, comportando não apenas reconfigurações urbanas e populacionais, mas também de enfrentamento de doenças novas e velhas que tomaram a cena e ajudaram explicar a cidade, a partir das chamadas “doenças do progresso”. Com elas na pauta das autoridades médicas e de saúde, mas principalmente na vida de seus cidadãos, vai sendo possível compreender o desenho da cidade e o lugar dos indivíduos, noção central das arestas que comporiam a chamada “modernidade paulistana”.
lepra e as sensibilidades de um ex-interno da Colônia de Itanhenga no Espírito Santo
Authors: Franco Sebastião Pimentel , Silva Simone Santos Almeida
Published: February 2019

Este artigo traz a história dos doentes de lepra, pessoas que viveram segregadas, internadas compulsoriamente numa instituição asilar, em decorrência de uma enfermidade, que ainda nos dias atuais é carregada de estigma. O presente trabalho é fruto de pesquisas realizadas numa antiga colônia de leprosos, a Colônia de Itanhenga, atual hospital Pedro Fontes, em Cariacica, no Espírito Santo.  No antigo leprosário, pautado pelo estigma e pelo isolamento compulsório, entrevistamos pacientes, médicos e funcionários da localidade pelo. Ali encontramos um cenário a princípio desenhado pela exclusão social, e  perda dos laços familiares pelos pacientes. No entanto encontramos também relatos surpreendentes, de superação, histórias de ex-internos que contornaram a doença e as consequências do isolamento no interior do próprio leprosário. Para esta análise recorremos a história de um dos pacientes residente nas instalações do antigo leprosário de Itanhenga. A partir de recortes de alguns trechos da entrevista, procuramos demonstrar não somente os efeitos negativos do isolamento e da exclusão, sobre este paciente, mas a história de alguém que soube driblar a doença e as imposições de uma politica de combate à doença. Nosso entrevistado é um, entre tantos doentes que apesar da enfermidade, e do isolamento foram capazes de contornar a doença e seus efeitos, transformando aquele local de isolamento num espaço de acolhimento e de recomeço de uma vida nova.