bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stable isotopes provide evidence that condensed tannins from sericea lespedeza are degraded by ruminal microbes
Authors: O. S. van Cleef Flavia , B. Dubeux José C. , Wheeler Chrisee S. , V. García Carlos C. , Ruiz-Moreno Martin , Sollenberger Lynn E. , B. Vendramini João M. , DiLorenzo Nicolas , Naumann Harley D.
Published: August 2022

The objective of Trial 1 was to determine the effects of condensed tannins (CT) from sericea lespedeza [SL; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don] on in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM), total gas production (GP), methane (CH4) emission, and ruminal fluid parameters after fermentation. Substrates used in four 48-h in vitro fermentations were 100% bermudagrass [(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay (0SL), 100% SL hay (100SL), and a mix of both hays (50SL). Linear reductions were observed for all parameters (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of SL, except for CH4 in relation to GP, that presented a quadratic effect (P = 0.005). In Trial 2, SL plants were enriched with 13C–CO2 to obtain pure enriched CT to identify the destination of fermentation end products of CT degradation. The enrichment of CT through the SL was successful (P < 0.001), and carbon originated from CT was detected in the fermentation end products [microbial mass, clarified rumen fluid, and in the CH4 produced (P < 0.001)]. Therefore, inclusion of SL was effective in reducing in vitro CH4 production and compound-specific tracing of δ13C abundance provided better quantitative understanding of the mechanisms of partitioning CT during ruminal fermentation processes.
Modified method of patency judgement using patency capsule prior to capsule endoscopy in clinical practice
Authors: Miyazu Takahiro , Osawa Satoshi , Tamura Satoshi , Tani Shinya , Ishida Natsuki , Matsuura Tomoharu , Yamade Mihoko , Iwaizumi Moriya , Hamaya Yasushi , Furuta Takahisa , Sugimoto Ken
Published: August 2022

In 2012, Japan approved the use of a tag-less patency capsule (PC), which evaluates gastrointestinal patency before small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). This study aimed to evaluate the validity of our modification on the passage criteria for this PC in clinical practice. We retrospectively enrolled 326 consecutive patients who underwent PC examination before SBCE. If X-ray could not reveal the PC in the body during the judgement time (30–33 h after ingestion), we defined it as ‘estimated patency’ and performed SBCE. We employed plain computed tomography (CT) for the second judgement, as needed. The overall patency rate was 95.1%. By X-ray, 41 (12.6%) patients were judged to have ‘estimated patency’, and SBCE could be safely performed. Plain CT judgement was necessary in 106 patients (32.5%). One PC case had a residual coating film associated with stenosis in a patient with Crohn’s disease (CD), and one (0.3%) SBCE case had capsule retention resulting from false CT judgement. Multivariate analysis revealed that established CD and inpatient were factors related to no-patency. In conclusion, PC is useful for examining gastrointestinal patency, keeping in mind CT misjudgement. If PC was not found in the body via X-ray, performing SBCE as ‘estimated patency’ seemed appropriate.
Effects of bacteriophage supplement on the growth performance, microbial population, and PGC-1α and TLR4 gene expressions of broiler chickens
Authors: Sarrami Zahra , Sedghi Mohammad , Mohammadi Ishmael , Kim Woo Kyun , Mahdavi Amir Hossein
Published: August 2022

Bacteriophages (BP) are viruses that invade bacteria and propagate inside them, leading to the lysis of the bacterial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding BP to the broiler’s diet and its effect on the performance, morphology and bacterial population of the gut, some immune responses and expression of some intestinal genes. Accordingly, dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control), and control + 0.3 g/kg colistin or 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g BP/kg of diet. BP increased the body weight gain and reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR), as compared to the colistin treatment, in the finisher and overall period (P < 0.05). European efficiency factor was significantly higher in 1.5 g BP-fed birds, as compared to the control and colistin treatments. meanwhile, bacteriophage and colistin-fed birds had higherLactobacillusand lowered coliform bacteria counts, as compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). Cecal concentrations of propionate in the 1.5 g BP-fed birds were higher than those in the control treatment (P < 0.05). BP-fed birds had a significantly increased villus height to crypt depth ratio, as compared to the control treatment. BP increased the serum concentrations of the total antibody, immunoglobulin (Ig) M, and IgG, as compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). In the ileum, the expression of the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) gene was decreased by dietary BP supplementation (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression was down-regulated in the BP-fed birds, whereas Interleukin 10 (IL-10) gene expression was up-regulated (P < 0.05). Overall, the use of BP may be a promising alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics in broilers by altering the gastrointestinal tract microbiota, enhancing immunological responses and improving the gut's morphology.
Phylogenetic analysis of Arthrospira strains from Ordos based on 16S rRNA
Authors: Zhang Jingnan , Xue Huiting , Yan Sirui , Shi Haibo , Du Ling , Zhang Junfeng , Huo Da , Hu Ruiping , Yuan Hong , Ma Chunli
Published: August 2022

To study the growth rate of different Arthrospira strains, three species of Arthrospira from Ordos alkaline lake, labeled as sp.DD, sp.ER, sp.FB, one species of Arthrospira from Hasu Sea in Hohhot, labeled as sp.HS, another purified strain labeled as sp.QD donated by the Ocean University of China had been collected. The first four need to be further isolated and purified in culture. The growth curves of all strains were plotted. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequences were amplified and sequenced in an attempt to study taxonomic relationships. The results showed that the growth rate was increased in the first 9 days, and sp.DD had the highest growth rate. Analysis of the sequencing results revealed that sp.HS had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2, sp.DD had 99.69% homology with Arthrospira platensis FACHB834, sp.QD had 99.54% homology with Arthrospira platensis F3S, sp.ER had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis ‘Inner Mongolia’, sp.FB had 99.74% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis ‘Inner Mongolia’. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that sp.HS was closely related to Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2; sp.DD and sp.QD had a close genetic relationship; sp.ER and sp.FB had a close genetic relationship. In conclusion, these findings provide a theoretical basis for the further development and reproduction of dominant algae species in Inner Mongolia through biological analysis of Arthrospira.
Evaluation of urinary catheters for effective manual bladder washout
Authors: Kobatake Kohei , Inoue Shogo , Takemoto Kenshiro , Fukushima Takahumi , Sekino Yohei , Ikeda Kenichiro , Goto Keisuke , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Teishima Jun , Hinata Nobuyuki
Published: August 2022

Our purpose was to evaluate the efficiency of manual bladder washout (MBW) for bladder retention by blood clot formation using urinary catheters. Three types of 22 Fr urinary catheters, a rounded tip Foley catheter (FC) with the standard two eyes, an open-ended Nelaton catheter (NC) with a side hole, and an open-ended Foley catheter (OEFC) with a side hole closer to the tip than NC, were evaluated. An automatic irrigation device that could perform a predetermined procedure mimicking MBW under constant velocity was fabricated. The procedure using catheters and the device was performed in a pseudo blood clot or in water. The total area of the holes was the largest in NC followed by FC and OEFC. The predetermined operations using our device revealed that NC needed less force and could effectively remove pseudo clots from the early stage of the operations. Fluid visualization experiments suggested that a closer distance between the tip and the side hole could improve the efficiency of clot removal. In conclusion, the larger the area of the hole in urinary catheter, the less force is required for MBW. Furthermore, the most efficient catheter with two holes for MBW needs to be at least open-ended with a side hole closer to the tip.
Negative Emissions: The Role and Response of the Climate System
Authors: Jones Chris D.
Published: August 2022

Our climate is changing and the role of human activity in this is unequivocal. There is now a well-defined relationship between the amount of carbon we emit as CO2 and the global temperature rise. This allows us to quantify a global carbon budget that is consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement to limit warming to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Almost all scenarios of future socioeconomic activity and carbon emissions that meet the Paris targets rely on society developing and deploying techniques to directly remove some of the emitted carbon. These negative emissions technologies (NETs) and greenhouse gas removal (GGR) are receiving much scientific attention in terms of their feasibility, costs, limitations, effectiveness, and unintended consequences. But there are considerable uncertainties in our knowledge surrounding how much CO2 removal, i.e., negative emissions, would be required to achieve targets, and also how much is feasible. Feedback between climate and the carbon cycle represent the main processes which determine the remaining carbon budgets, and our imperfect knowledge of them represents a key gap in being able to inform mitigation policy more quantitatively. This chapter aims to highlight the role of the physical Earth System in this scientific debate – showing that it is a major control of the amount of negative emissions which are required to achieve climate goals (i.e., the “demand” for negative emissions), and also that many NETs and GGR are affected by the climate which therefore regulates the potential supply of negative emissions.
Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
Authors: Fajardy Mathilde
Published: August 2022

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage or BECCS has been a cornerstone technology of emissions trajectories compatible with a 1.5 to 2 °C target since the IPCC fifth assessment report in 2014, owing to its theoretically large carbon removal potential and mitigation value to the energy system. Sustainability concerns around the scale up of bioenergy production, the diversity of potential bioenergy pathways, the emergence of alternative technology-based and/or natural-based carbon removal methods, and local opposition to bioenergy and CCS deployment have however cast uncertainty and confusion over BECCS future as a mitigation and removal technology. This chapter aims at providing key tools to better understand the technology, clarify important metrics to measure its performance, compare potential feedstocks and application in the energy sector, and appreciate its current state of deployment and future prospects.
Comparison of Technologies and Practices for Removing Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere
Authors: Fuss Sabine
Published: August 2022

This chapter presents a synthesis of the technology information provided in Chapters 5–10 and compares the technologies and practices covered in this volume with respect to not only their costs and potentials, but also their side effects and general level of readiness. This comparison includes technology-specific implementation challenges, which will be addressed in the second half of this volume and conducts a gap analysis of technological knowledge.
Protective efficacy of fish oil nanoemulsion against non-typhoidal Salmonella mediated mucosal inflammation and loss of barrier function
Authors: Dey Tanmoy Kumar , Bose Puja , Paul Sangita , Karmakar Bipul Chandra , Saha Rudra Narayan , Gope Animesh , Koley Hemanta , Ghosh Amit , Dutta Shanta , Dhar Pubali , Mukhopadhyay Asish Kumar
Published: August 2022

Non-typhoidal Salmonella serotypes are well adapted to utilize the inflammation for colonization in the mammalian gut mucosa and cause loss of the integrity of the epithelial barrier in the mammalian intestine.
Efficient exosome subpopulation isolation and proteomic profiling using a Sub-ExoProfile chip towards cancer diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Wang Shurong , Chen Aipeng , Wang Ruoke , Li Lanting , Fang Xiaoni
Published: August 2022

Deconstruction of the heterogeneity of surface marker-dependent exosome subpopulations by the Sub-ExoProfile chip.
Switching to a ‘turn-on’ fluorescent probe for rapid detection of hydrazine in human breast cancer cells using a test-strip
Authors: Karak Anirban , Mandal Moumi , Halder Satyajit , Banerjee Shilpita , Banik Dipanjan , Maiti Anwesha , Jana Kuladip , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar
Published: August 2022

Assimilation of styryl bridge has produced a molecular probe TPSBT, capable of hydrazine detection. The appreciable enhancement in fluorescence and its low detection limit helps the probe to detect hydrazine in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB 231.
Combined spectroscopic and computational study for optimising catalyst design in hydrocarbon transformations
Authors: Potter Matthew E. , Le Brocq J. J. M. , Oakley A. E. , Cavaye H. , Vandegehuchte Bart D. , Raja Robert
Published: August 2022

Hydrocarbon-acid site interactions in heterogeneous catalysts probed using a combination of inelastic neutron scattering and computational methods, providing new insights for catalytic reaction pathways.
Cp*CoIII-catalyzed C2-alkylation of indole derivatives with substituted cyclopropanols
Authors: Ramachandran Kuppan , Anbarasan Pazhamalai
Published: August 2022

A general and efficient Cp*CoIII-catalyzed C2-alkylation of N-pyridylindoles has been achieved utilizing cyclopropanols as an alkylating reagent.
Gas-sensing detection in the carbon phosphide monolayer: improving COx sensitivity through B doping
Authors: Spalenza Pedro Elias Priori , de Souza Fábio Arthur Leão , Amorim Rodrigo G. , Scopel Wanderlã Luis
Published: August 2022

Boron-doped γ-CP is investigated as a 2D gas sensor for NO, NH3, CO, and CO2. Our findings demonstrate that these gas molecules are electrically detectable and that our device can be used as a gas sensor.
Molecular simulations explain the exceptional thermal stability, solvent tolerance and solubility of protein–polymer surfactant bioconjugates in ionic liquids
Authors: Behera Sudarshan , Balasubramanian Sundaram
Published: August 2022

Increased intra-protein hydrogen bonding and facile surfactant–solvent interactions can enable enzymatic catalysis at high temperatures in ionic liquids.
Challenges and prospects of high-voltage aqueous electrolytes for energy storage applications
Authors: Zhou Meiqi , Bo Zheng , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken)
Published: August 2022

This article links fundamental mechanisms and macroscopic properties and provides guiding principles for performance optimization to achieve a rational balance between the stability and other critical properties of aqueous electrolytes.
Amorphous FeNiCu-MOFs as highly efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline medium
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhai Qingxi , Ding Fan , Sun Dongyue , Ma Yujie , Ren Yilun , Wang Biao , Li Fengqi , Bian Haifeng , Yang Yurong , Chen Lan , Tang Shaochun , Meng Xiangkang
Published: August 2022

The preparation of low-cost and high-activity oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is a technical bottleneck in the field of electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. Schematic diagram of preparation process and OER process of amorphous FeNiCu-MOF.
FeII spin crossover complexes containing N4O2 donor ligands
Authors: Dey Bijoy , Chandrasekhar Vadapalli
Published: August 2022

Various Interesting and multifunctional spin crossover molecules obtained by placing Fe(ii) in N4O2 coordination environment with Jager type, hydrazone based and Schiff base ligands are discussed here.
Bimetallic CoSe2/FeSe2 hollow nanocuboids assembled by nanoparticles as a positive electrode material for a high-performance hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Shirvani Majid , Hosseiny Davarani Saied Saeed
Published: August 2022

Bimetallic CoSe2/FeSe2 hollow nanocuboid (CoSe2/FeSe2 HNC) architectures were fabricated by a two-step ion-exchange process as a supercapacitive positive electrode material.
Water-soluble dinuclear iridium(iii) and ruthenium(ii) bis-terdentate complexes: photophysics and electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Liu Bingqing , Yang Xin , Jabed Mohammed , Kilina Svetlana , Yang Zhengchun , Sun Wenfang
Published: August 2022

The photophysics and electrochemiluminescence properties of four water-soluble dinuclear Ir(iii) and Ru(ii) complexes are impacted by the terminal-capping 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2"-terpyridine or 1,3-di(pyrid-2-yl)-4,6-dimethylbenzene ligands and by the metal centers.
A quasi-intercalation reaction for fast sulfur redox kinetics in solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Li Chuang , Zhang Qi , Sheng Jinzhi , Chen Biao , Gao Runhua , Piao Zhihong , Zhong Xiongwei , Han Zhiyuan , Zhu Yanfei , Wang Jiulin , Zhou Guangmin , Cheng Hui-Ming
Published: August 2022

The quasi-intercalation reaction mechanism in solid-state Li–SPAN batteries leads to fast reaction kinetics and small volume change.
Base-catalyzed and DMSO-promoted intramolecular hydroalkoxylation to prepare pentacyclic chromeno[4,3-b]indolines
Authors: Nie Chang-Rui , Zhao Hong-Ping , Liang Wang-Fu , Zhong Xin-Xian , Liang Cui , Su Gui-Fa , Mo Dong-Liang
Published: August 2022

A base-catalyzed and DMSO-promoted atom economic 5-exo-trigcyclization strategy was developed for the synthesis of densely functionalized pentacyclic chromeno[4,3-b]indolines.
Quantitative determination of iron citrate/malate complexes by isotope–dilution hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography – electrospray MS/inductively coupled plasma MS
Authors: Kińska Katarzyna , Alchoubassi Ghaya , Maknun Luluil , Bierla Katarzyna , Lobinski Ryszard , Szpunar Joanna
Published: August 2022

Quantitative speciation of low molecular weight iron complexes based on the in situ generation of isotopically-labelled species reflecting the natural iron speciation in coconut water as a model endosperm liquid.
Motor-like microlasers functioning in biological fluids
Authors: Wang Ziyihui , Shang Linwei , Gao Zehang , Chan Kok Ken , Gong Chaoyang , Wang Chenlu , Xu Tianhua , Liu Tiegen , Feng Shilun , Chen Yu-Cheng
Published: August 2022

The concept of a motor-like microlaser with a controllable direction, velocity, and spatial motions was introduced, providing a novel approach for laser writing, laser switching, and localized cell stimulation and imaging.
Difurofuranoids A–F: six unprecedented furofuran lignan dimers from Forsythia suspensa
Authors: Zhang Xu , Cao Jun , Yang Ya-Nan , Jiang Jian-Shuang , Feng Zi-Ming , Yuan Xiang , Zhang Pei-Cheng
Published: August 2022

Difurofuranoids A–F (1–6), six novel furofuran lignan dimers that were polymerized through the unusual connection of C5–C5′′, were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa.
Integrative omics approaches for biosynthetic pathway discovery in plants
Authors: Singh Kumar Saurabh , van der Hooft Justin J. J. , van Wees Saskia C. M. , Medema Marnix H.
Published: August 2022

This review discusses genomics-, transcriptomics- and metabolomics-based plant biosynthetic pathway discovery, and highlights the potential for integrative omics approaches.
A tellurium short-wave infrared photodetector with fast response and high specific detectivity
Authors: Yan Yafei , Xia Kai , Gan Wei , Yang Kemeng , Li Gang , Tang Xi , Li Liang , Zhang Changjin , Fei Guang Tao , Li Hui
Published: August 2022

Elementary tellurium based short-wave infrared photodetector with fast response.
Iron(iii)-catalyzed α-cyanation and carbonylation with 2-pyridylacetonitrile: divergent synthesis of α-amino nitriles and tetrahydroisoquinolinones
Authors: Xu Fan , Zhang Fanglian , Wang Wenjia , Yao Mingxu , Lin Xing , Yang Fang , Qian Yiping , Chen Zhengwang
Published: August 2022

An efficient iron-catalyzed divergent synthesis of α-amino nitriles and tetrahydroisoquinolinones under an oxygen atmosphere.
CBr4 catalyzed activation of α,β-unsaturated ketones
Authors: Bera Shyamal Kanti , Maharana Rajat Rajiv , Samanta Kousik , Mal Prasenjit
Published: August 2022

An efficient approach for synthesizing flavanones and aza-flavanones from their respective 2′-hydroxy- and 2′-aminochalcones via halogen bonding (XB) is shown. The DFT studies also supported the catalytic action of XB.
Constructing a shape memory network with controllable stability and dynamic features through cation–π interactions
Authors: Xiao Yi , Liu Dan , Xiao Wen-Xia , Yuan Ling , Yang Ke-Ke , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: August 2022

A dynamic shape memory network, PCL-Pyr, with excellent shape memory effects, mechanical performance and reprocessability was constructed based on cation–π interactions.
Confinement of proteins by thermoresponsive dendronized polymers
Authors: Yao Yi , Yang Jintao , Li Wen , Zhang Afang
Published: August 2022

Dendronized polymers exhibit the confinement of guest proteins through crowding effects, which is tunable through their thermoresponsiveness. This confinement affords the proteins enhanced thermal stability and can modulate their bioactivity.
Green synthesis of biocompatible core–shell (Au–Ag) and hybrid (Au–ZnO and Ag–ZnO) bimetallic nanoparticles and evaluation of their potential antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiglycation and anticancer activities
Authors: Anjum Sumaira , Nawaz Khadija , Ahmad Bushra , Hano Christophe , Abbasi Bilal Haider
Published: August 2022

Graphical demonstartion of the Manikara zapota-mediated biosynthesis of Bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) and evalution of their biological activities.
Obtention of biodiesel through an enzymatic two-step process. Study of its performance and characteristic emissions
Authors: Macías-Alonso Mariana , Hernández-Soto Rosa , Carrera-Rodríguez Marcelino , Salazar-Hernández Carmen , Mendoza-Miranda Juan Manuel , Villegas-Alcaraz José Francisco , Marrero Joaquín González
Published: August 2022

The inexpensive lipase Lipex® 100L produced biodiesel from waste cooking oil in a two-step process, with an overall yield of 96.3%.
Simultaneous detection of acetaminophen, catechol and hydroquinone using a graphene-assisted electrochemical sensor
Authors: Wang Guofang , Zhang Siyi , Wu Qinyu , Zhu Jingzhi , Chen Suhua , Lei Yuanyuan , Li Yanmei , Yi Haomin , Chen Liyin , Shi Zi-Qi , Xiao Yi
Published: August 2022

Simple, rapid and sensitive analysis of drug-derived pollutants is critically valuable for environmental monitoring.
Molecular mechanism of a large conformational change of the quinone cofactor in the semiquinone intermediate of bacterial copper amine oxidase
Authors: Shoji Mitsuo , Murakawa Takeshi , Nakanishi Shota , Boero Mauro , Shigeta Yasuteru , Hayashi Hideyuki , Okajima Toshihide
Published: August 2022

The large conformational change of topaquinone in bacterial copper amine oxidase occurs through the TPQ ring rotation and slide, which are essential to stabilize the semiquinone form.
Mechanoresponsive diselenide-crosslinked microgels with programmed ultrasound-triggered degradation and radical scavenging ability for protein protection
Authors: Kharandiuk Tetiana , Tan Kok Hui , Xu Wenjing , Weitenhagen Fabian , Braun Susanne , Göstl Robert , Pich Andrij
Published: August 2022

Mechanoresponsive diselenide-crosslinked microgels undergo controlled ultrasound-triggered degradation and can be used for protein delivery due to their dual protection properties acting as radical scavengers and conformation stabilizers.
Unified synthesis of multiply arylated alkanes by catalytic deoxygenative transformation of diarylketones
Authors: Kurosawa Miki B. , Kato Kenta , Muto Kei , Yamaguchi Junichiro
Published: August 2022

We succeeded in synthesizing five different types of multiply arylated alkanes from diarylketones in a single step. The key for this method is the generation of diarylphosphinates via a phospha-Brook rearrangement of ketones with phosphine oxide.
Modeling dynamic swelling of polymer-based artificial muscles
Authors: Bowen Shefik , Hallinan Daniel T.
Published: August 2022

Polymer-based artificial muscles are lightweight, are flexible, can have variable stiffness, and provide actuation in applications in which heavy actuators are not feasible.
Phase separation in evaporating all-aqueous sessile drops
Authors: May Alexander , Hartmann Johannes , Hardt Steffen
Published: August 2022

The phase transition and phase distribution in an all-aqueous sessile drop containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran is studied.
Three-dimensional thermochromic liquid crystal elastomer structures with reversible shape-morphing and color-changing capabilities for soft robotics
Authors: Li Yi , Teixeira Yasmin , Parlato Gina , Grace Jaclyn , Wang Fei , Huey Bryan D. , Wang Xueju
Published: August 2022

This work reports a facile strategy to realize reversible shape-morphing and color-changing capabilities via spatially programmed liquid crystal elastomer structures incorporated with thermochromic dyes as well as thermo-magnetic dual responsiveness.
Atomically Fe doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres for peroxymonosulfate mediated advanced oxidation processes with a dual activation pathway
Authors: Wang Qing , Liu Xiaomei , Cai An , He Hongwei , Zhang Guoliang , Zhang Fengbao , Fan Xiaobin , Peng Wenchao , Li Yang
Published: August 2022

The introduction of atomically dispersed Fe atoms can modulate the PMS activation pathway; that is, the radical-mediated process of PMS activation accelerated by graphitic N is attenuated, in turn boosting electron-transfer-mediated nonradical processes.
Discovery of organic catalysts boosting lithium carbonate decomposition toward ambient air operational lithium–air batteries
Authors: Ko Sunghyun , Yoo Yiseul , Choi Jinkwan , Lim Hee-Dae , Park Chan Beum , Lee Minah
Published: August 2022

We present a series of organic redox mediators (RMs) for ambient air operational LABs. The selected RMs capable of decomposing Li2O2can not only facilitate Li2CO3oxidation but also inhibit1O2generation during the charging process.
A polyaniline nanofiber array supported ultrathin polyamide membrane for solar-driven volatile organic compound removal
Authors: Wei Xian , Peng Yubing , Fang Wangxi , Hu Zhenyu , Li Wenwei , Zhang Shenxiang , Jin Jian
Published: August 2022

Solar-driven evaporation and molecular sieving processes are integrated to remove volatile organic compounds from water where apolyamide layer supported by the PANI array acts as the molecular sieving layer to intercept VOCs.
Adsorption of Zn(ii) on amination@wood-aerogel and high-value reuse to ZnO/ZnS as an efficient photocatalyst
Authors: Zhang Wanqi , Li Lili , Zhang Xiaotao , Liu Hui , An Yuhong , Zhong Yuan , Hu Zichu , Shan Xiaofei , Wu Jing , White Marshall , Chen Zhangjing , Wang Ximing
Published: August 2022

A top-down approach to generate Amination@Wood-Aerogel (AWA) with high adsorption capacity for Zn(ii). Then in situ construction of ZnO/ZnS heterojunction in hazardous solid waste Zn(ii)-loaded-AWA and followed by photocatalytic degradation of Congo red.
Pore polarity engineering in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for enhanced iodine capture
Authors: Wang Yeqing , Jin Yinying , Xian Weipeng , Zuo Xiuhui , Wang Sai , Sun Qi
Published: August 2022

A series of isostructural hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with various polarities were fabricated and showed high uptake capacity, excellent reversibility, and stability in the adsorption of iodine from the air and aqueous solutions.
Study of the kinetics and mechanism of ferrocene-tripeptide inhibiting insulin aggregation
Authors: Zhang Jiaxing , Yao Pin , You Shengping , Qi Wei , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin
Published: August 2022

The diverse interactions between ferrocene-tripeptides and insulin result in different inhibition efficiencies of peptides for insulin amyloid fibrillation.
Phase modulated scanning near field optical luminescence imaging as a probe of exciton dark lifetime and diffusivity in persistently luminescent micro- and nanocrystals
Authors: Wong Victor , Yeung Edith , Cole-André Maxximuss , Fanchini Giovanni
Published: August 2022

A phase-modulated scanning near-field luminescence (PM-SNOL) technique is presented, with which we show that charges stored in persistently luminescent crystals are carriers in nature and diffuse into indium-tin oxide in contact with such phosphors.
CDKL5 deficiency disorder: molecular insights and mechanisms of pathogenicity to fast-track therapeutic development
Authors: Van Bergen Nicole J. , Massey Sean , Quigley Anita , Rollo Ben , Harris Alexander R. , Kapsa Robert M.I. , Christodoulou John
Published: August 2022

CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is an X-linked brain disorder of young children and is caused by pathogenic variants in the cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) gene. Individuals with CDD suffer infantile onset, drug-resistant seizures, severe neurodevelopmental impairment and profound lifelong disability. The CDKL5 protein is a kinase that regulates key phosphorylation events vital to the development of the complex neuronal network of the brain. Pathogenic variants identified in patients may either result in loss of CDKL5 catalytic activity or are hypomorphic leading to partial loss of function. Whilst the progressive nature of CDD provides an excellent opportunity for disease intervention, we cannot develop effective therapeutics without in-depth knowledge of CDKL5 function in human neurons. In this mini review, we summarize new findings on the function of CDKL5. These include CDKL5 phosphorylation targets and the consequence of disruptions on signaling pathways in the human brain. This new knowledge of CDKL5 biology may be leveraged to advance targeted drug discovery and rapid development of treatments for CDD. Continued development of effective humanized models will further propel our understanding of CDD biology and may permit the development and testing of therapies that will significantly alter CDD disease trajectory in young children.
A UPFC‐based robust damping controller for optimal use of renewable energy sources in modern renewable integrated power systems
Authors: Darabian Mohsen , Bagheri Amir , Behzadpoor Saeid
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes coordinated design of wide‐area damping controller (WADC) in the presence of renewable energy resources in a large‐scale power system. To tackle with constant and time‐varying delays in wide‐area system, a robust criterion based on H∞ has been used for the coordinated WADC design. By using an auxiliary function in Lyapunov function, conservatism of linear inequality matrix (LMI) is reduced, such that larger delay margin and larger feasibility region is obtained in the presence of delays. The wind farms here are composed of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) and squirrel‐cage induction generator (SCIG), which are connected to common bus of photovoltaic (PV) system by using unified power flow controller (UPFC). Then, the renewable energy units are integrated with 10 and 16‐machine power systems. Afterwards, by identifying oscillating modes, the coordinated design of WADC is carried out for rotor‐side‐converter (RSC) in DFIG, DC/AC converter in the PV units, shunt converter (SHC) in UPFC, and power system stabilizer (PSS). Different scenarios of power system operating conditions are considered to evaluate performance of the proposed approach. The simulations in power system analysis toolbox (PSAT) and programming in MATLAB demonstrate effectiveness of the conducted method.
Synonym‐based multi‐keyword ranked search with secure k‐NN in 6G network
Authors: Bakkiam David Deebak , Al‐Turjman Fadi
Published: August 2022

Sixth Generation (6G) integrates the next generation communication systems such as maritime, terrestrial, and aerial to offer robust network and massive device connectivity with ultra‐low latency requirement. The cutting edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum machine learning, and millimetre enable hyper‐connectivity to extend the development of mobile communication. The potential technologies utilise different computing infrastructures, on‐demand software, platforms, and machine intelligence to access a massive amount of data in real‐time. The delivery of real‐time data demands third‐party remote access to exploit the resources such as network service and storage to meet user requirements. Moreover, certain computing infrastructures such as cloud, edge, and fog recommend privacy protection to guarantee effective data storage and information retrieval by a data centre. As a result, multi‐keyword searching over encrypted cloud data is commonly exercised to retrieve the cloud data with service integrity. With the use of mobile cloud computing, the data generating IoT device can easily outsource any kind of complex data management system from the local network system. It may commercialise the system site to achieve better resource‐saving. However, data privacy and protection are expected to ensure using encryption techniques before any sensitive data is outsourced via data generating IoT devices. Thus, this paper presents a synonym‐based multi‐keyword ranked search over encrypted cloud data in order to solve privacy‐preserving and computation cost. The proposed mechanism constructs an m‐Way search tree to allot an index vector for each document which applies a depth‐first search to compute top score ranking to realise better search efficiency. The examination results show that the assumed index vectors can be subdivided into the sub‐vectors before storing them into the index tree to achieve better security and computation efficiency.
Radar detection and fast motion parameter estimation for complex manoeuvering targets at high speed and acceleration
Authors: Gao Xuanhao , Zhang Hongmin , Dang Tongxin
Published: August 2022

Coherent integration of complex manoeuvering targets at high speed and acceleration causes range and Doppler frequency migration and lead to large computational burdens and parameter estimation error. To solve this, the geometric‐auxiliary location rotation transform (GLRT), fast parameter estimation method, and periodic, scaled generalised, high‐order ambiguity function (PSGHAF) were proposed for this study. The quadratic range migration was corrected using the second‐order keystone transform. The GLRT uses the geometrical relationship between the rotation angle and trajectory projection to estimate the velocity and initial range in different noise environments without searching for multidimensional parameters. Thereafter, the high‐acceleration and jerk estimations of the target signal are obtained using PSGHAF, which uses the periodicity of discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) to extend the estimation scope of acceleration. This avoids estimation errors without changing the radar system parameters. Compared with others, the proposed algorithm has a lower computational complexity and improved detection performance. Numerical simulations and real data from unmanned aerial vehicles demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed solution.
ConKer: An algorithm for evaluating correlations of arbitrary order
Authors: Brown Z. , Mishtaku G. , Demina R.
Published: August 2022

Context.High order correlations in the cosmic matter density have become increasingly valuable in cosmological analyses. However, computing these correlation functions is computationally expensive.

Aims.We aim to circumvent these challenges by developing a new algorithm called ConKer for estimating correlation functions.

Methods.This algorithm performs convolutions of matter distributions with spherical kernels using FFT. Since matter distributions and kernels are defined on a grid, it results in some loss of accuracy in the distance and angle definitions. We study the algorithm setting at which these limitations become critical and suggest ways to minimize them.

Results.ConKer is applied to the CMASS sample of the SDSS DR12 galaxy survey and corresponding mock catalogs, and is used to compute the correlation functions up to correlation ordern= 5. We compare then= 2 andn= 3 cases to traditional algorithms to verify the accuracy of the new algorithm. We perform a timing study of the algorithm and find that three of the four distinct processes within the algorithm are nearly independent of the catalog sizeN, while one subdominant component scales asO(N). The dominant portion of the calculation has complexity ofO(Nc4/3logNc), whereNcis the of cells in a three-dimensional grid corresponding to the matter density.

Conclusions.We find ConKer to be a fast and accurate method of probing high order correlations in the cosmic matter density, then discuss its application to upcoming surveys of large-scale structure.
COSMOS2020: UV-selected galaxies atz  ≥  7.5
Authors: Kauffmann O. B. , Ilbert O. , Weaver J. R. , McCracken H. J. , Milvang-Jensen B. , Brammer G. , Davidzon I. , Le Fèvre O. , Liu D. , Mobasher B. , Moneti A. , Shuntov M. , Toft S. , Casey C. M. , Dunlop J. S. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Koekemoer A. M. , Sanders D. B. , Tresse L.
Published: August 2022

This paper presents a new search forz ≥ 7.5 galaxies using the COSMOS2020 photometric catalogues. Finding galaxies at the reionisation epoch through deep imaging surveys remains observationally challenging. The larger area covered by ground-based surveys such as COSMOS enables the discovery of the brightest galaxies at these high redshifts. Covering 1.4 deg2, our COSMOS catalogues were constructed from the latest UltraVISTA data release (DR4) combined with the finalSpitzer/IRAC COSMOS images and the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program DR2 release. We identified 17 new 7.5 < z < 10 candidate sources, and confirm 15 previously published candidates. Using deblended photometry extracted by fitting surface brightness models on multi-band images, we selected four candidates which would be rejected using fixed aperture photometry. We tested the robustness of all our candidates by comparing six different photometric redshift estimates. Finally, we computed the galaxy UV luminosity function in three redshift bins centred atz = 8, 9, 10. We find no clear evolution of the number density of the brightest galaxiesMUV < −21.5, in agreement with previous works. Rapid changes in the quenching efficiency or attenuation by dust could explain such a lack of evolution betweenz ∼ 8 andz ∼ 9. A spectroscopic confirmation of the redshifts, already planned with JWST and the Keck telescopes, will be essential to confirm our results.
Evidence for past interaction with an asymmetric circumstellar shell in the young SNR Cassiopeia A
Authors: Orlando S. , Wongwathanarat A. , Janka H.-T. , Miceli M. , Nagataki S. , Ono M. , Bocchino F. , Vink J. , Milisavljevic D. , Patnaude D. J. , Peres G.
Published: August 2022

Context. Observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) Cassiopeia A (Cas A) show significant asymmetries in the reverse shock that cannot be explained by models describing a remnant expanding through a spherically symmetric wind of the progenitor star.

Aims. We investigate whether a past interaction of Cas A with a massive asymmetric shell of the circumstellar medium can account for the observed asymmetries of the reverse shock.

Methods. We performed three-dimensional (3D) (magneto)-hydrodynamic simulations that describe the remnant evolution from the SN explosion to its interaction with a massive circumstellar shell. The initial conditions (soon after the shock breakout at the stellar surface) are provided by a 3D neutrino-driven SN model whose morphology closely resembles Cas A and the SNR simulations cover ≈2000 yr of evolution. We explored the parameter space of the shell, searching for a set of parameters able to produce an inward-moving reverse shock in the western hemisphere of the remnant at the age of ≈350 yr, analogous to that observed in Cas A.

Results. The interaction of the remnant with the shell can produce asymmetries resembling those observed in the reverse shock if the shell was asymmetric with the densest portion in the (blueshifted) nearside to the northwest (NW). According to our favorite model, the shell was thin (thickness σ ≈ 0.02 pc) with a radius rsh ≈ 1.5 pc from the center of the explosion. The reverse shock shows the following asymmetries at the age of Cas A: (i) it moves inward in the observer frame in the NW region, while it moves outward in most other regions; (ii) the geometric center of the reverse shock is offset to the NW by ≈0.1 pc from the geometric center of the forward shock; and (iii) the reverse shock in the NW region has enhanced nonthermal emission because, there, the ejecta enter the reverse shock with a higher relative velocity (between 4000 and 7000 km s−1) than in other regions (below 2000 km s−1).

Conclusions. The large-scale asymmetries observed in the reverse shock of Cas A can be interpreted as signatures of the interaction of the remnant with an asymmetric dense circumstellar shell that occurred between ≈180 and ≈240 yr after the SN event. We suggest that the shell was, most likely, the result of a massive eruption from the progenitor star that occurred between 104 and 105 yr prior to core-collapse. We estimate a total mass of the shell of the order of 2 M⊙.
Rayleigh scattering from hydrogen atoms including resonances and high photon energies
Authors: Rohrmann René D. , Rueda Matías Vera
Published: August 2022

The nonrelativistic cross section from Rayleigh scattering by hydrogen atoms in the ground state was calculated over a wide range of photon energies (<0.8 keV). Evaluations were performed in terms of the real and imaginary components of the atomic polarizability. The sum over intermediate states that characterizes this second-order radiative process was performed using exact analytic expressions for oscillator strengths of bound and continuum states. Damping terms associated with the finite lifetimes of excited states and their splitting into two fine-structure levels (p1/2 and p3/2) are taken into account in resonance cross sections. Fitting formulas required for cross-section evaluation are presented for incident photon energy (i) redward of the first resonance (Lyman-α1/2), (ii) in the spectral region corresponding to resonances (for an arbitrary number of them), and (iii) above the ionization threshold.
Thermally enhanced tearing in solar current sheets: Explosive reconnection with plasmoid-trapped condensations
Authors: Sen Samrat , Keppens Rony
Published: August 2022

Context. Thermal instability plays a major role in condensation phenomena in the solar corona (e.g., for coronal rain and prominence formation). In flare-relevant current sheets, tearing instability may trigger explosive reconnection and plasmoid formation. However, how the two instabilities influence the disruption of current concentrations in the solar corona has received less attention to date.

Aims. We explore how the thermal and tearing modes reinforce each other in the fragmentation of a current sheet in the solar corona through an explosive reconnection process, characterized by the formation of plasmoids which interact and trap condensing plasma.

Methods. We used a resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a 2D current layer, incorporating the non-adiabatic effects of optically thin radiative energy loss and background heating using the open-source code MPI-AMRVAC. Multiple levels of adaptive mesh refined grids are used to achieve a high resolution to resolve the fine structures during the evolution of the system.

Results. Our parametric survey explores different resistivities and plasma-β to quantify the instability growth rate in the linear and nonlinear regimes. We note that for dimensionless resistivity values within 10−4 − 5 × 10−3, we obtain explosive behavior where thermal instability and tearing behavior reinforce each other. This is clearly below the usual critical Lundquist number range of pure resistive explosive plasmoid formation. We calculate the mean growth rate for the linear phase and different nonlinear phases of the evolution. The nonlinear growth rates follow a weak power-law dependency with resistivity. The fragmentation of the current sheet and the formation of the plasmoids in the nonlinear phase of the evolution due to the thermal and tearing instabilities are obtained. The formation of plasmoids is found for the Lundquist number (SL) range 4.6 × 103 − 2.34 × 105. We quantify the temporal variation in the plasmoid numbers and the density filling factor of the plasmoids for different physical conditions. We also find that the maximum plasmoid numbers scale as SL0.223.Within the nonlinearly coalescing plasmoid chains, localized cool condensations gather, realizing density and temperature contrasts similar to coronal rain or prominences.
Angstmodelle in der modernen Psychodynamik
Authors: Benecke Cord , Henkel Miriam
Published: August 2022

Psychoanalytische Angstmodelle erfuhren im Laufe der Zeit verschiedene Wandlungen. Als roter Faden kann die Unterscheidung zwischen Konflikt- und Strukturmodellen betrachtet werden. Moderne psychodynamische Modelle integrieren diese beiden Perspektiven und kommen so zu komplexen individuellen Fallkonzeptionen, die sich mithilfe aktueller diagnostischer Methoden systematisch erstellen und für die individuelle Therapieplanung nutzen lassen.
Die Wasserrute – Ursachen, Symptome, Behandlung und
Prophylaxe
Authors: Hohmann Mima
Published: August 2022

Viele Hunde gehen gerne schwimmen oder halten sich längere Zeit bei
kaltem oder nassem Wetter im Freien auf. Ihr Fell wird dabei zum Teil nass bis
auf die Haut, im wahrsten Sinne des Wortes. Diese Hunde können eine
Wasserrute entwickeln, die mit starken Schmerzen um den und im kranialen
Rutenbereich verbunden ist.