bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of ankle peak systolic velocity in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Dzhemilova Zera N. , Bondarenko Olga N. , Galstyan Gagik R.
Published: June 2019

AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic value of ankle peak systolic velocity (APSV) in diabetic patients diagnosed with critical limb ischaemia (CLI) and its resolution after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight diabetic patients with CLI were included in this study. CLI was diagnosed according to the IWGDF 2015 criteria. Patients were examined before and 57 days after PTA with transcutaneous oxygen tension of the foot's soft tissues and APSV by duplex ultrasonography.
RESULTS: The median transcutaneous oxygen tensions before and after PTA were 14 [3; 20.5] and 30 [18.5, 39.0] mmHg, respectively (p 0.001). The median APSV in diabetic patients with CLI was 10 [7.4; 15.5] cm/s before PTA and 46 [33.5, 59] cm/s after PTA (p 0.001). The APSV cutoff point for diabetic patients with CLI is 25.5 cm/s with a sensitivity of 79.4% [95% CI 62.191.3] and a specificity of 96.4% [95% CI 81.799.9].
CONCLUSIONS: APSV may be considered as an additional method for CLI assessment. Lower limb artery calcification, soft tissue oedema or infection and foot ulcer and gangrene influence the results of routine ischaemia diagnostic methods such as the anklebrachial index, toebrachial index, transcutaneous oximetry but not APSV.
Obesity in children and adolescents: diagnosis criteria
Authors: Vasyukova Olga V.
Published: June 2019

Currently in the world the main diagnostic parameter for assessing obesity is the magnitude of body mass index. In children, taking into account the growth and body weight indicators that dynamically change as the child grows up, it is common to use not absolute, but relative values of body mass index percentiles or standard deviations. The lecture examined various systems and methods for assessing the physical development of children in the world and in Russia domestic ones, R.N. Dorokhova and I.I. Bakhraha, World Health Organization (WHO), International Group for the Study of Obesity. A comparative analysis of the existing systems and the validity of the currently adopted Federal recommendations on the diagnosis of obesity in children based on the recommendations of WHO has been carried out.
Analysis and Testing of Data Transmission of Providers in Indonesia using GSM and CDMA Modem
Authors: Hakim Fani Rakhman , Sugiantoro Bambang
Published: June 2019

The technology of internet nowadays has become most important aspect and becomes primary need for certain group of peoples who work in some field like education,economy,health,etc. One of the biggest problem which mostly brought by so many people is speed in data transfer. This paper emphasize in directly testing the quality of data transmission from each transmission technology. The equipment used by this paper is ZTE Join Air help, the simcard provided by Telkomsel,XL, and indosat, while CDMA technology used simcard provided by smartfren and esia and modem provided by Smartfren which its series is EC176-2. The parameters used for testing in this paper are throughput, time, jitter dan packet loss. this paper used data gathering method, for each operator and the testing used by this paper is downloading some files from local and non local server, then comparing parameter value between operators.
Eğitime Biçilen Rol: Yetenek Geliştirme Mi? Kimlik Dönüştürme Mi?
Authors: BOZAN Mahmut
Published: June 2019

Eğitim ve öğretim, bir
milletin hem kimlik ve değerlerini koruma ve tevarüs etme, hem de bilim ve
teknikte ilerlemesini sağlama aracıdır. Eğitimin birinci fonksiyonu kültürel ve
yerel, ikinci fonksiyonu ise beynelmilel ve evrenseldir. Eğitim birincisiyle
milletleri ibka ederken, ikincisinin sağladığı telâhuk-u efkâr ile
medeniyetleri inşa eder. Diğer yandan eğitim, çocuğun kabiliyet ve
istidatlarını geliştirecek en uygun ortam ve zemini hazırlama sorumluluğudur.
Bu ise talebeyi merkeze alan eğitim politikalarıyla mümkün olabilir. Eğitim;
bir dönem yapıldığı gibi cesedi yerli, ruhu ve değerleri batılı insan
yetiştirme fabrikası değildir ve olmamalıdır. Günümüzde eğitimi mecrasından
çıkaran ve bir propaganda aracı haline getiren unsurların başında, insanlığın
ortak malı olan teknolojik gelişmelerin batıya mal edilmesi, bunun üzerinden
batılı değerlerin kutsanarak “evrensel değer” olarak takdim edilmesi ve
içselleştirilmesi gayretleri gelmektedir. Eğitimi, “çocukta istendik
davranışlar geliştirme” olarak tanımlayan anlayışta “istendik” davranışlar
maalesef halkın değerleri olamamıştır. Bilakis “evrensel, çağdaş ve modern”
gibi ambalajlar içinde sunulan batılı değerler olmuştur. Toplumun bu husustaki
görüşlerini soran da yoktur. Batılı değerler millete kanunlarla
dayatılmaktadır. Bu durum eğitimin sabit değeri olması gereken kimliğimizi
tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışma, demokrasinin siyasi sistem kadar, eğitim için de
vazgeçilmez olduğunu ortaya koymayı ve en azından disiplinler arası bir
tartışma için zemin oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Prospective Teachers’ Fulfilment Level of the Teaching Profession’s General Qualifications
Authors: SEZER Şenol
Published: June 2019

The
purpose of this study is to determine the fulfilment level of general
qualifications of teaching profession of prospective teachers. This
study was planned in the quantitative research design and the survey model. The participants
of the study consists 240 prospective teachers which determined by using
cluster sampling method. Findings
reveal that the prospective teachers find themselves as ‘sufficient’ in the
scope of professional knowledge and professional skills and also find themselves
‘very sufficient’ in terms of teaching attitudes and values. There
was a statistically significant difference in mean scores related to the prospective
teachers’ fulfilling
level of general qualifications of teaching profession in terms of the
variables such as gender, license field, age and secondary education
institution they graduated. The male prospective teachers, the prospective
teachers in physical education, the prospective teachers for aged 24 years and
over and the prospective teachers graduating vocational high schools find relatively
low level themselves in terms of teaching profession. Based
on these results, it can be suggested that prospective teachers should be
educated more qualified in terms of professional skills, professional attitudes
and values, especially in the context knowledge of teaching profession.
Öğrenme Kuramlarının Çevrimiçi Öğretim Ortamlarında ve Materyallerinde Uygulanması: Bir Ölçütler Takımı Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: ÖZER ŞANAL Seda , AKÇAY Arif , ÇİÇEK TUTULMAZ Meral , ERDEM Mukaddes
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışma, çevrimiçi
öğretim ortamlarının ve materyallerinin öğrenme kuramları perspektifinden
incelenmesini ya da oluşturulmasını olanaklı kılacak, üzerinde uzlaşılmış bir
ölçütler takımı oluşturmak üzere gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bir öğretim tasarım
sürecinin, planlanmasından uygulanıp geliştirilmesine kadar geçen tüm
aşamalarında öğrenme kuramlarının rehberliğine gereksinim olduğu anlayışıyla
gerçekleştirilen çalışmada; öncelikle davranışçı, bilişsel ve yapılandırmacı
öğrenme kuramlarının öğrenmeye ilişkin açıklamaları incelenmiştir. Daha sonra,
bu açıklamaların öğretim ortam ya da materyallerinde nasıl karşılık bulacağı,
öğretimsel uygulamalar türünden belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Uzman görüşleri
doğrultusunda gözden geçirilen bu ilk ifadeler, 5’li likert tipinde bir ölçek
formunda düzenlenmiştir. Ölçek yeniden uzman görüşüne sunulmuş ve alınan
görüşler doğrultusunda düzenlenmiştir. 70 maddeden oluşan yeni form
kullanılarak; EBA(Eğitim Bilişim Ağı)’dan herkese açık 6 farklı öğretim
materyali incelenmiştir. 3 değerlendirici tarafından gerçekleştirilen
inceleme 4 araştırmacının da katılımıyla gözden geçirilmiş ve 10 madde ölçekten
çıkarılmıştır. 60 maddelik ölçek üzerinden değerlendiriciler arası uyum
düzeyleri hesaplanmıştır. Kabul edilebilir uyum düzeyleri belirlenen 60
maddelik ölçek, 26 kişilik bir uzman grubun görüşüne sunularak kapsam geçerlik
indeksleri hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin alt boyutlarına göre kapsam geçerlik
indeksleri; kurama uygunluk açısından davranışçılıkta 0.78 (p<.05), bilişsel
anlayışta 0.87 (p<.05) ve yapılandırmacılıkta 0.85 (p<.05)’tir. Bu son
inceleme ile 60 maddelik bir ölçütler takımına erişilmiştir.
Um Estudo de Caso sobre Reflexologia e a Visão
Authors: Sequeira Juliana Gonçalves , Adamatti Diana Francisca
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre os lobos cerebrais com estímulos em regiões da mão com base nos conceitos de reflexologia, visto que a comprovação deste método natural não possui comprovação pela comunidade científica. Reflexologia é um método de tratamento que utiliza a massagem em áreas dos pés e das mãos como forma de tratamento. Com o intuito de averiguar esta relação planeja-se a realização de testes em diferentes regiões de diferentes pessoas na mão esquerda, inicialmente, analisa-se uma região específica. O primeiro teste feito foi realizado com foco na área referente à visão, visto que o lobo occipital se refere a este sentido e a mão possui uma região destinada aos olhos, parte inferior do dedo médio. A coleta de sinais cerebrais neste primeiro teste foi realizada com equipamento de eletroencefalograma (EEC) durante o estímulo na região em estudo. Para embasar os resultados obtidos, utiliza-se dos conceitos da neurociência, área que estuda o sistema nervoso com foco no cérebro de forma interdisciplinar, e reflexologia. Os resultados iniciais mostram a comprovação da relação entre as regiões, estimulada e de análise.
Simulação numérica e design construtal aplicados a placas com enrijecedores com diferentes relações altura/espessura
Authors: Nogueira Carolina Martins , Cunha Marcelo Langhinrichs , Amaral Rodrigo Reis , Troina Gregóri da Silva , Lima João Paulo Silva , Santos Elizaldo Domingues dos , Isoldi Liércio André
Published: June 2019

Placas finas de aço com enrijecedores são amplamente utilizadas em estruturas navais, construção civil e aeronáutica. Essas placas têm como característica o seu baixo valor de espessura em relação a sua largura e comprimento. Um parâmetro fundamental na análise dessas estruturas é a sua deflexão quando sujeita a um carregamento. Nessa pesquisa foram analisadas placas retangulares com enrijecedores, sujeitas a uma carga transversal uniformemente distribuída. O cálculo analítico dessas estruturas é complexo e limitado a casos específicos mais simples, sendo assim, necessária a utilização da modelagem computacional para a determinação da distribuição de deflexões. As simulações numéricas foram realizadas através do software ANSYS®, que utiliza o Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), com emprego do elemento bidimensional SHELL281 de 8 nós com malha regular formada por quadriláteros. As diferentes configurações geométricas analisadas foram determinadas através do uso do Método Design Construtal, que transformou parte da espessura de uma placa de referência (sem enrijecedores) em enrijecedores, dispostos nas direções longitudinal e transversal. Essas diferentes configurações geométricas foram simuladas numericamente, caracterizando uma avaliação pela técnica de Busca Exaustiva, permitindo então a análise da influência dos parâmetros geométricos na deflexão da placa. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o aumento na altura dos enrijecedores transversais é mais relevante do que dos longitudinais, implicando em uma melhoria na resistência à deflexão da placa no que tange os deslocamentos máximos e centrais. Além disso, a geometria otimizada resultou em uma redução de 97,92% na deflexão máxima e 98,81% na deflexão central em relação à placa de referência.
Investigação numérica da descontinuidade geométrica entre a entrada e a saída de um conversor de energia das ondas do mar do tipo coluna de água oscilante
Authors: Gomes Mateus das Neves , Lima Yuri Theodoro Barbosa de , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira , Dos Santos Elizaldo Domingues , Isoldi Liércio André
Published: June 2019

A investigação realizada apresenta um estudo bidimensional de um dispositivo conversor de energia das ondas do mar do tipo Coluna de Água Oscilante (CAO) avaliado de forma numérica. Foram analisados três graus de liberdade H1/L (razão entre a altura e o comprimento da câmara CAO), H3 (profundidade de submersão do dispositivo CAO) e L/l (relação entre largura da câmara e da chaminé do dispositivo), no qual foi avaliado o efeito da variação geométrica no efeito de pistão, vazão mássica e pressão transiente para descontinuidade geométrica. A metodologia utilizada para avaliação numérica se fez através da utilização de um código comercial de dinâmica dos fluidos computacional, baseado no Método de Volumes Finitos (MVF). Como o trabalho apresenta interação entre dois fluidos imiscíveis (água e ar), utiliza-se o modelo multifásico Volume of Fluid (VOF). Os resultados obtidos mostram que à medida que L/l diminui (por consequência a descontinuidade geométrica tende a diminuir) os picos negativos de pressão deixam de existir e a distribuição de pressões tende a ficar simétrica, e isso ocorre sempre quando H1/L tende a aumentar.
Análise Exploratória de Dados de Imagens Digitais Noturnas
Authors: Steffens Cristiano Rafael , Drews-Jr Paulo Lilles Jorge , Botelho Silvia Silva da Costa , Mattos Viviane Leite Dias de
Published: June 2019

Em aquisição de imagens, o triângulo da exposição é fator determinante para a qualidade percebida e captura fidedigna dos elementos que compõe a cena. Condições de aquisição não controladas ou ambientes que não permitem a utilização de iluminação artificial adequada resultam em imagens que demandam pósprocessamento e correção. Neste trabalho faz-se uma análise baseada em estatística inferencial sobre os impactos da subexposição e superexposição na distribuição da luminância mensurada. Dois conjuntos pareados de imagens noturnas são considerados, modificando-se o tempo de exposição. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a distribuição dos valores de píxel é afetada de maneira significativa, indicando a possibilidade do uso de estatísticas clássicas para compreender e mitigar os efeitos indesejáveis da saturação e subexposição. Com base nos resultados, considera-se viável a aplicação de estatísticas clássicas como função objetivo em redes neurais artificiais profundas, oferecendo vantagens, em termos de custo computacional, sobre técnicas baseadas na perda perceptual ou no treinamento de redes adversárias.
The role of superlinear damping in the construction of solutions to drift-diffusion problems with initial data in L1
Authors: Winkler Michael
Published: June 2019

In boundedn-dimensional domainsΩ, the Neumann problem for the parabolic equation

$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle u_t = \nabla \cdot \Big( A(x,t)\cdot\nabla u\Big) + \nabla \cdot \Big(b(x,t)u\Big) - f(x,t,u)+g(x,t) \end{array}$$(*)

is considered for sufficiently regular matrix-valuedA, vector-valuedband real valuedg, and withfrepresenting superlinear absorption in generalizing the prototypical choice given byf(⋅, ⋅,s) =sαwithα> 1. Problems of this form arise in a natural manner as sub-problems in several applications such as cross-diffusion systems either of Keller-Segel or of Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto type in mathematical biology, and accordingly a natural space for initial data appears to beL1(Ω).

The main objective thus consists in examining how far solutions can be constructed for initial data merely assumed to be integrable, with major challenges potentially resulting from the interplay between nonlinear degradation on the one hand, and the possibly destabilizing drift-type action on the other in such contexts. Especially, the applicability of well-established methods such as techniques relying on entropy-like structures available in some particular cases, for instance, seems quite limited in the present setting, as these typically rely on higher initial regularity properties.

The first of the main results shows that in the general framework of (*), nevertheless certain global very weak solutions can be constructed through a limit process involving smooth solutions to approximate variants thereof, provided that the ingredients of the latter satisfy appropriate assumptions with regard to their stabilization behavior.

The second and seemingly most substantial part of the paper develops a method by which it can be shown, under suitably stregthened hypotheses on the integrability ofband the degradation parameterα, that the solutions obtained above in fact form genuine weak solutions in a naturally defined sense. This is achieved by properly exploiting a weak integral inequality, as satisfied by the very weak solution at hand, through a testing procedure that appears to be novel and of potentially independent interest.

To underline the strength of this approach, both these general results are thereafter applied to two specific cross-diffusion systems. Inter alia, this leads to a statement on global solvability in a logistic Keller-Segel system under the assumptionα>$\begin{array}{} \frac{2n+4}{n+4} \end{array}$on the respective degradation rate which seems substantially milder than any previously found condition in the literature. Apart from that, for a Shigesada-Kawasaki-Teramoto system some apparently first results on global solvability forL1initial data are derived.
Chiral and Achiral Enantiomeric Separation of (±)-Alprenolol
Authors: Guerrero M.M. López , Díaz A. Navas , Sánchez F. García , Corrall H.
Published: June 2019

The chiral separation of enantiomers is crucial for pharmacovigilance within drug discovery. Although a large number of prescribed medications are marketed as pure enantiomers, this is not always the case and many are in fact racemic mixtures. Drug scandals, such as that of Thalidomide in 1961, provide a clear example of the social and economic repercussions that can be caused by negligence of these chiral compounds. Two high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are presented to determine, separate and quantitate a commonly prescribed chiral beta blocker, (-)-Alprenolol. The first method utilises a chiral column to physically separate the two enantiomers of Alprenolol in 25 minutes, before quantitating with two detectors. Fluorimetry gave the better limit of detection of 0.16-0.41ng and a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The second method used an achiral column coupled with polarimetry to quantitate (-)-Alprenolol without the need for physical separation in 10 minutes. The limit of detection achieved was 27-37μg and demonstrated a correlation coefficient of -0.999.
Soil organic carbon mineralization in relation to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by differently sized aggregates
Authors: Huang Jinquan , Zhang Changwei , Cheng Dongbing , Hu Bo , Zhang Pingcang , Wang Zhigang , Liu Jigen , Li Zhongwu
Published: June 2019

The dynamics of eroded and retained soil organic carbon (SOC) may provide critical clues for evaluating impacts of soil erosion on global carbon cycling. Distribution patterns of soil aggregates in eroded and deposited environments are shaped by selective transport of water erosion. Therefore, detecting the pattern of SOC mineralization in soils dominated by aggregates of different sizes is essential to accurately explore the dynamics of eroded and retained SOCs in eroded and deposited environments. In the present study, the characteristics of SOC mineralization and its relationship to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by different sizes of soil aggregates were investigated. The results demonstrated that the SOC mineralization rate of soils dominated by graded aggregates were significantly different, indicating that SOC mineralization in eroded and deposited environments are shaped by selective transport of water erosion. The highest mineralization rate was found in soils containing 1-2 mm aggregates at the initial stage of the experiment, and the daily average mineralization rate of the < 0.5 mm aggregates was significantly higher than that of the 2-3 mm aggregates. During the incubation, fungal communities exhibited a low dynamic character, whereas the composition of bacterial communities in all treatments changed significantly and had obvious differences relative to each other. Bacterial species diversities and relative abundances in the <0.5mm and the 2-3mm aggregates showed opposite dynamic characteristics. However, there were no statistical interactions between the dynamics of microbial communities and the changes of SOC or soil water content. Changes in bacterial community structure had no significant impact on the mineralization of SOC, which might be related to the quality of SOC or the specific utilization of carbon sources by different functional groups of microorganisms. Mineralization of the eroded and retained SOCs with specific qualities in relation to their functional microorganisms should be further explored in the future.
Case-Study Modelling Analysis of Hydrodynamics in the Nearshore of the Baltic Sea Forced by Extreme Along-shore Wind in the Case of a Cross-shore Obstacle
Authors: Sokolov Andrei , Chubarenko Boris
Published: June 2019

In the current study we use a three-dimensional model with hydrodynamic and spectral wave modules operating in a coupled mode to simulate the response of currents and wind wave fields to winds of 20–25 m/sec offshore of the protective structure of the Saint Petersburg Flood Prevention Facility Complex. The model was calibrated against field data, which allowed us to obtain a tool describing storm situations in the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland with a satisfactory accuracy. The numerical modeling showed that the protective dam did not have a noticeable effect on the levels of stormsurge, significantwave height, or current speed in areas seaward of the dam. The increase in erosion processes on the southern shore of the easternmost part of the Gulf of Finland in recent past has most probably been related to other factors. We found that if a west or south-west wind of at least 25 m/s blows over the Baltic Sea for at least 16 hours, the level of storm surges seaward of the dam may reach 3 or more meters. An artificial strengthening of the coastline and the creation of shore protection structures are recommended.
Calculation of Wave Run-up Height in South Baltic Sea: Case Study at Coastal Research Station at Lubiatowo, Poland
Authors: Morawski Michał , Różyński Grzegorz , Szmytkiewicz Piotr
Published: June 2019

The paper presents recent investigations of beach run-up phenomena at the Coastal Research Station of the Institute of Hydro-Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences at Lubiatowo, Poland. The local beach is typical of open-sea coasts of the south Baltic Sea, featuring multiple longshore bars that form predominantly dissipative systems. Measurements were taken to verify the existing formulas for the run-up height, bearing in mind that they had been derived for entirely different, oceanic conditions. The results indicate that these formulations can be adapted to south Baltic Sea conditions. This however, will require significantly larger data sets, which we intend to obtain in the near future.
Calculation of Dune Profile Changes Generated by Hurricane: Preliminary Results
Authors: Szmytkiewicz Piotr , Szmytkiewicz Marek , Schönhofer Jan , Morawski Michał , Malicki Jakub
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the main theoretical concepts related to methods of calculating the erosion rate for sandy dunes on natural coasts, namely, the beach equilibrium profile and incident waves. To illustrate calculations of dune erosion in the vicinity of the Coastal Research Station (CRS) in Lubiatowo, the Xbeach model (an incident wave model) was used. The calculations were carried out for hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions that accompanied Hurricane Ksawery (December 6–8, 2013). The results of the calculations were compared with the measured data. A satisfactory agreement was obtained between the predicted and measured results.
Genetic polymorphisms associated with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Asian Indian adolescents
Authors: Jain Vandana , Kumar Anil , Ahmad Nayeem , Jana Manisha , Kalaivani Mani , Kumar Brijesh , Shastri Shivaram , Jain Oshima , Kabra Madhulika
Published: June 2019

Background

The objective of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphisms in four genes, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA), patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3), adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3), with obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Asian Indian adolescents.

Methods

In this case-control study, 218 Asian Indian adolescents with overweight/obesity and 86 lean healthy adults without fatty liver were enrolled. Hepatic steatosis was assessed and graded by ultrasonography (USG). Serum insulin, lipids, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), TNF-α, adiponectin and apolipoprotein C3 were measured and genotyping was done. Frequencies of variant and wild genotypes in all adolescents and in the subgroups without steatosis, with grade 1 steatosis and with grade 2 or 3 steatosis were compared to those in the controls. The frequencies were also compared in the overweight adolescents with grade 2 or 3 steatosis and without steatosis.

Results

Variant genotypes of polymorphisms −863 C > A and −1031 T > C of the TNFA gene, 455 T > C of the APOC3 gene and the wild type of +276 G > T of the ADIPOQ gene were associated with obesity with odds ratios (OR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 2.5 (1.5–4.4), 2.5 (1.5–4.2), 2.0 (1.1–3.6) and 2.5 (1.4–5.0), respectively. Polymorphisms 455 T > C of APOC3 and rs738409 C > G of PNPLA3 were associated with NAFLD. Fasting insulin and triglycerides (TG) were higher in the adolescents with homozygous variant polymorphisms −1031 T > C of TNFA and 455 T > C of APOC3 genes, respectively.

Conclusions

Several polymorphisms were noted to have a significant association with obesity and NAFLD in Asian Indian adolescents.
Growth screening in children aged 3–5 years: a useful tool for public health programs in community pediatrics
Authors: Kayemba-Kay’s Simon , Maillet Odile , Hindmarsh Peter , Heron Anne
Published: June 2019

Background

About 90% of children grow up normally and attain a final height within their genetic target. In children with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), up to 10% will not catch up spontaneously. Turner syndrome is often diagnosed late, and a number of growth-stunted children go undiagnosed and untreated.

Objectives

Our primary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of stunted growth in preschool-aged children. Our secondary aim was to evaluate growth patterns in children belonging to four ethnic groups in Dreux district, France.

Methods

Body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were collected for children aged 3–5 years during systematic community visits. Birth variables, family history of short stature, maternal smoking, ethnic origin, etc. were also recorded. Pubertal status was staged as per Tanner’s method. Parents were instructed to attend the hospital growth clinics if their child’s height was <−2.0 standard deviation score (SDS).

Results

Five hundred ninety-three children were screened (301 boys, 289 girls). The mean age was 4.33 ± 0.76 standard deviation (SD) years, and 48% were Caucasians, 13.7% were North Africans, 2.5% were Black Africans, 0.8% were Asians, 1.5% included others and the ethnicity was not specified in 33.5% of the cases. 91.5% of children were term-born and 8.5% were preterm. 84.2% of children were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and 9.4% were small for gestational age (SGA). At 5 years of age, 22.2% of macrosomic North African children were overweight. Catch-up growth was complete in 98% children, 11/540 were short statured, 8/11 attended our growth clinics (seven short statured and one micropenis) and three were started on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH).

Conclusions

Growth screening programs are important and useful tools for public health. There is a need for clear objectives, proper training and automated data collection tools, along with easy access to growth specialists.
Unidirectional Maxwellian spin waves
Authors: Van Mechelen Todd , Jacob Zubin
Published: June 2019

In this article, we develop a unified perspective of unidirectional topological edge waves in nonreciprocal media. We focus on the inherent role of photonic spin in nonreciprocal gyroelectric media, i.e. magnetized metals or magnetized insulators. Due to the large body of contradicting literature, we point out at the outset that these Maxwellian spin waves are fundamentally different from well-known topologically trivial surface plasmon polaritons. We first review the concept of a Maxwell Hamiltonian in nonreciprocal media, which immediately reveals that the gyrotropic coefficient behaves as a photon mass in two dimensions. Similar to the Dirac mass, this photonic mass opens bandgaps in the energy dispersion of bulk propagating waves. Within these bulk photonic bandgaps, three distinct classes of Maxwellian edge waves exist – each arising from subtle differences in boundary conditions. On one hand, the edge wave solutions are rigorous photonic analogs of Jackiw-Rebbi electronic edge states. On the other hand, for the exact same system, they can be high frequency photonic counterparts of the integer quantum Hall effect, familiar at zero frequency. Our Hamiltonian approach also predicts the existence of a third distinct class of Maxwellian edge wave exhibiting topological protection. This occurs in an intriguing topological bosonic phase of matter, fundamentally different from any known electronic or photonic medium. The Maxwellian edge state in this unique quantum gyroelectric phase of matter necessarily requires a sign change in gyrotropy arising from nonlocality (spatial dispersion). In a Drude system, this behavior emerges from a spatially dispersive cyclotron frequency that switches sign with momentum. A signature property of these topological electromagnetic edge states is that they are oblivious to the contacting medium, i.e. they occur at the interface of the quantum gyroelectric phase and any medium (even vacuum). This is because the edge state satisfies open boundary conditions – all components of the electromagnetic field vanish at the interface. Furthermore, the Maxwellian spin waves exhibit photonic spin-1 quantization in exact analogy with their supersymmetric spin-1/2 counterparts. The goal of this paper is to discuss these three foundational classes of edge waves in a unified perspective while providing in-depth derivations, taking into account nonlocality and various boundary conditions. Our work sheds light on the important role of photonic spin in condensed matter systems, where this definition of spin is also translatable to topological photonic crystals and metamaterials.
Study of proton induced nuclear reactions on molybdenum: cross section measurements and theoretical calculations
Authors: Elbinawi Alaa , Al-abyad Mogahed , Bashter Ibrahim , Seddik Usama , Ditrói Ferenc
Published: June 2019

Excitation functions were measured by the activation method using the stacked-foil technique for the natMo(p,x)93(m+g),94m,g,95m,g,96(m+g),99mTc, 92m,95Nb reactions up to 18 MeV. The experimental results were compared with literature data and theoretical results from EMPIRE-3.2.2 code and TENDL. Special attention was paid to the 100Mo(p,2n)99mTc reaction which is very promising for the production of 99mTc at a cyclotron. In order to optimize the production conditions of some medically important Tc isotopes, the integral yields were estimated based on the measured cross sections.
Extended noise equalisation for image compression in microscopical applications
Authors: Kirchhöfer Daniel M. , Holst Gerhard A. , Wouters Fred S. , Hock Stephan , Jähne Bernd
Published: June 2019

Today’s camera systems used for machine vision and scientific applications have intra-scene dynamic ranges up to 16 bit and therefore A/D converters with up to 16 bit resolution per pixel. Unfortunately, the linear amplification of electrons also forces a linear or even quadratic increase of the image noise variance with the signal. Based on a method published in 2016 (B. Jähne, M. Schwarzbauer, tm-Technisches Messen 83.1), this paper describes a more general nonlinear transformation which equalizes the combined effect of temporal noise and photo-response non-uniformity (PRNU) and/or temporal noise in the illumination system of an image sensor. With this generalisation it is possible to use the equalisation also for microscopic applications for which an example is discussed.
Experiencias de trabajo cooperativo en la educación superior. Percepciones sobre su contribución al desarrollo de la competencia social
Authors: Sánchez-Marín Francisco José , Parra-Meroño María Concepción , Peña-Acuña Beatriz
Published: June 2019

El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) exige el desarrollo de competencias clave para dar respuesta a las demandas de la sociedad y del mercado de trabajo. La Competencia Social incluye destrezas fundamentales para las relaciones sociales de calidad en el ámbito personal y profesional. Se identifica el Aprendizaje Cooperativo como método apropiado para lograr tal fin.En este artículo se presenta la experiencia de una investigación cualitativa durante los cursos 2009-2015 en la que se vertebra la investigación acción participativa como una técnica adecuada, puesto que investiga a la muestra, se diseña una metodología docente en base a las carencias y se vuelve a investigar la eficacia del aprendizaje debido a la metodología. Exponemos un caso en el que la investigación acción participativa ha sido aplicada al campo de la Educación universitaria en la que se asegura más la adecuación a la diversidad precisamente por la adecuación que otorga al aula investigada.Además, se exponen los resultados del análisis de esta investigación e innovación, en concreto, la percepción expresada por los alumnos acerca del grado en que el trabajo en equipo cooperativo contribuye al desarrollo de su Competencia Social tras participar en una experiencia de Aprendizaje Cooperativo. Se diseña un tipo de investigación aplicada, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, no experimental, en el ámbito de la evaluación de resultados para la toma de decisiones. Participan 126 estudiantes de Grado de primer y cuarto curso. A través de un cuestionario tipo Likert, se recoge su percepción sobre competencias emergentes al desempeño de la Competencia Social: Empatía, Consenso o Participación Democrática y Asertividad. Este estudio aporta novedad en tanto que explora sobre una muestra de estudiantes con perfiles diversos, tomando como punto de partida de manera integrada diversas variables y sobre la percepción que los propios estudiantes expresan de manera explícita. Se confirma que los estudiantes perciben que, a través del Aprendizaje Cooperativo, se desarrolla su Competencia Social. Las habilidades mejor valoradas son las que se relacionan con el ámbito cognitivo y se relega a un segundo plano otras de carácter emocional, axiológico y paradigmático.
KEÇİ SÜTÜNDEN ÜRETİLMİŞ BEYAZ PEYNİRLERDE OLGUNLAŞMA SÜRESİNCE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER
Authors: ÖNER Zübeyde , SARIDAĞ Ayşe Mine
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada; keçi sütü
kullanılarak üretilmiş peynirlerin kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik özelliklerini
belirlemenin yanı sıra proteoliz olayı sırasında
oluşan peptitlerin antioksidan aktivitelerinin tayin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla; çiğ keçi sütünden geleneksel yöntemle
beyaz peynir
üretilmiştir. Peynirlerde 0, 3., 6, 9 ay, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik
analizler yapılmıştır. Proteolitik değişimler protein, suda çözünen azot, %12 triklor asetik asit (TCA) de çözünen azot, %5 fosfotungustik asit (PTA) de çözünen azot, serbest
aminoasit tayinleri ile belirlenmiştir. Olgunlaşma boyunca görülen proteolitik
değişim ve peptit oluşumları RP-HPLC cihazı ile tespit edilmiştir. Peptit fraksiyonları toplanmış
ve liyofilize
edilmiştir. Elde edilen liyofilize fraksiyonların antioksidan aktiviteleri
belirlenmiştir. Keçi peynirinde antioksidan aktivite 29,34-55,12 mM Troloks/g
bulunmuştur. Keçi peynir fraksiyonlarının liyofilize sonrası antioksidan
aktiviteleri 6 ayda F3 fraksiyonun da 1112.13 mM Troloks/g, F4 fraksiyonunda 841.04 mM Troloks/g F5 fraksiyonunda ise 416.95 mM
Troloks/g, 9 ayda ise F3 fraksiyonunda 895.44 mM Troloks/g, F4 de 841.14 mM
Troloks/g, F6 da 595.88 mM Troloks/g bulunmuştur.
A poesia espacial em O deserto dos tártaros, de Dino Buzzati
Authors: Couto Elvis Paulo
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a poesia espacial – a expressão é de Max Milner – em O deserto dos tártaros (1940), de Dino Buzzati. Embora seja frequentemente classificado como romance, demonstramos que esse texto é, na verdade, uma narrativa poética. À luz, sobretudo, da teoria de Tadié em Le récit poétique (1978), investigamos a categoria do espaço, pois ela constrói as formas poéticas que, geralmente, contrariam a lógica do gênero romanesco. Nosso foco é tripartido em: 1) análise dos aspectos que conferem centralidade ao espaço; 2) exame da criação de imagens discursivas; 3) sondagem dos recursos estilísticos (descrição, predomínio do imperfeito, paralelismo etc.).  *** The spatial poetry in The tartar steppe, by Dino Buzzati ***This article aims to analyze the spatial poetry – the expression is by Max Milner – in The tartar steppe (1940) by Dino Buzzati. Although often classified as a novel, we demonstrate that this text is, in fact, a poetic narrative. Mainly in the light of the theory by Tadié in Le récit poétique (1978), we investigate the space category because it builds the poetic forms that usually contradict the logic of the novel genre. Our focus is tripartite in: 1) analysis of the aspects that give centrality to space; 2) examination of the creation of discursive images; 3) research of stylistic resources (description, predominance of the imperfect, parallelism, etc.).Keywords: The tartar steppe; Dino Buzzati; Poetic narrative; Space.
As figurações da morte em Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, de Lima Barreto
Authors: De Melo José Osmar
Published: June 2019

Este ensaio tem por finalidade abordar as figurações da morte em Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, de Lima Barreto, com vistas a mostrá-las como manifestações da linguagem no plano do enunciado e da enunciação do discurso literário a partir da perspectiva da teoria literária e da filosofia.  *** The figurations of the death in Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, by Lima Barreto ***This article aims to analyze the metaphors of death in the novel Vida e morte de M. J. Gonzaga de Sá, by Lima Barreto, to show them as manifestations of language in the plane of the enunciation and the enunciation of literary discourse from the perspective of literary theory and philosophy.Keywords: Lima Barreto; Eros; Thanatos; life, death; utopia.
Quando o silêncio narra o que aconteceu: a morte em "To the Lighthouse"
Authors: Coutinho Adriana Madeira
Published: June 2019

Este artigo reflete sobre a condição humana e seu fim último, a morte, através do romance “To the Lighthouse”, de Virginia Woolf, em que a narrativa se desenvolve na relação entre a vida e a morte. Nas três partes do romance os acontecimentos giram em torno da morte, não só da morte física mas também de uma morte simbólica. Para tanto são apontadas algumas observações sobre subjetivismo e realidade objetiva, sobre temporalidade e sobre a própria prosa moderna nas formulações de Erich Auerbach. Em uma perspectiva empírica a autora aproxima o romance de sua realidade concreta, desnuda a dificuldade da escrita após um evento traumático além de apresentar aos leitores a fragilidade humana diante do inesperado. O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001.  *** When silence tells what happened: death in "To the Lighthouse" ***This article reflects on the human condition and its ultimate end, death, through Virginia Woolf's novel "To the Lighthouse," where the narrative unfolds in the relationship between life and death. In the three parts of the novel, events revolve around death, not only physical death but also a symbolic death. To this end, some observations on subjectivism and objective reality, on temporality, and on modern prose itself in the formulations of Erich Auerbach are pointed out. In an empirical perspective, the author brings the novel closer to its concrete reality, exposes the difficulty of writing after a traumatic event, as well as presenting the human frailty before the unexpected. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.Keywords: Virginia Woolf; Death; Human condition; Literary criticism.
From Worldbeat to Localbeat
Authors: Bere Wonderful
Published: June 2019

The article sets out to understand the processes through which urban grooves, a localized version of hip hop, has been accepted as a local music form in Zimbabwe, even when it has clear foreign sources. It specifically sets out to answer the question: what are the conditions that have resulted in the acceptance of urban foreign musics as being Zimbabwean urban grooves? In answering this question and presenting a genealogy of the music, this article invariably proffers a theory of the formation of urban grooves. It problematizes "worldbeat" as a musical category in the West in order to deploy it in understanding urban grooves. The research used autoethnography, content analysis of collected urban grooves songs, interviews of relevant artists and participant-observation of relevant shows, recording sessions and other events to arrive at the conclusions. The researcher is implicated in the study, as he is an urban grooves artist who examines his own work together with that of others. The article demonstrates the concept of worldbeat and argues that the term ubiquitously refers to any music foreign to a particular place. When foreign music is localized through internalization, it then becomes, what the author calls, "localbeat". The research also argues that foreign music becomes local when local languages, local lyrical content, and sound accompaniment recognized as local are used in the music.
Martha Tupinambá de Ulhôa, Cláudia Azevedo and Felipe Trotta, eds. 'Made in Brazil: Studies in Popular Music'
Authors: Perna Vincenzo
Published: June 2019

Martha Tupinambá de Ulhôa, Cláudia Azevedo and Felipe Trotta, eds. 2015. Made in Brazil: Studies in Popular Music. New York and London: Routledge. 249pp. ISBN 978-0-41562-560-9 (hbk).
Christina Sunardi. 'Stunning Males and Powerful Females: Gender and Tradition in East Javanese Dance'
Authors: Harwood Dane
Published: June 2019

Christina Sunardi. 2015. Stunning Males and Powerful Females: Gender and Tradition in East Javanese Dance. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. 256pp. ISBN 978-0-25208-059-3 (pbk).
Sounding Dublin
Authors: O'Flynn John , Mangaoang Áine
Published: June 2019

This article interrogates ideas of popular music "sound(s)" linked to place by interpreting data gathered during the applied research project Mapping Popular Music in Dublin (MPMiD) 2015-16. An outline background, rationale and framework for MPMiD is presented, followed by a review of methods developed and overall themes that emerged. Focusing on the project's "Sounding Dublin" strand, the article analyses the responses of 366 participants from a section of MPMiD's e-survey relating to music, musicians, sounds and soundtracks that might be considered "typical" (or otherwise) of Dublin. Although a substantial minority of participants eschew notions of sonic uniqueness linked to place in the abstract sense, the data reveal a rich tapestry of experiences and standpoints linked to ideas of a Dublin sound or sounds. Some appear to concur with conventional hagiographies of rock and folk, with others challenging received narratives and proposing alternative viewpoints, scenes and pathways. "Dublin-specific" associations emerging across various genres are based on appraisals of performer engagement, accent and timbre, and narrative/lyrical style.
Fake news and its impact on trust in the news. Using the Portuguese case to establish lines of differentiation
Authors: Lima-Quintanilha Tiago CIES-IUL - ISCTE-IUL , Torres-da-Silva Marisa NOVA School of Social Sciences and Human , Lapa Tiago CIES-IUL - ISCTE-IUL
Published: June 2019

While a far from recent phenomenon, fake news has acquired a very special significance in the wake of the latest US elections. Against a broad background of different definitions and subtypes that require us to find a new, broader definition of the concept of fake news, the main debate about it concerns its scope and reach, which vary primarily in terms of intentionality and exactly how it disrupts the information process. With the discussion also focusing on the threats to (McChesney, 2014; Fisher, 2018) and opportunities for (Beckett, 2017) journalism itself, we seek to expand the debate on fake news to its impact on the dimension of trust in news. The starting point is Fletcher and Nielsen’s (2017) idea that, because they don’t make a clear distinction between real and fake news, Internet users feel a generalised sense of distrust in the media. Using data from the latest (2018) Reuters Digital News Report survey of a representative sample of the Portuguese Internet-using population, we describe the main reasons why the Portuguese (increasingly familiar with fake news and disinformation and their impacts) have been displaying higher levels of trust in news than counterparts in other countries, such as the United States –reasons that are linked to Portugal’s media system and historical context.
Which has more influence on perception of pseudo-therapies: the media’s information, friends or acquaintances opinion, or educational background?
Authors: Moreno-Castro Carolina University of Valencia , Corell-Doménech Mavi Florida Universitaria , Camaño-Puig Ramón Universitat de València
Published: June 2019

This study analyses the discourses of Education and Journalism students in order to understand their perception of complementary and alternative therapies. Likewise, to know if educational background or friends or acquaintances opinion has a more considerable influence on their knowledge and use of these socially controversial techniques than the media. This study uses qualitative research methods based upon 12 discussion groups with 102 participants. Once transcriptions were completed, discourse analysis was conducted using linguistic corpus software (T-LAB. 9.1.). In the design of the research, these students were selected for their social involvement in their future careers, such as when they are going to address or analyse scientific controversies, both in classrooms and media, or evidence-based medicine. Also, to complement the results of the qualitative study, and thus obtain more robust conclusions, this work compares the data collected in discussion groups, with results of a survey (quantitative research) administered to 718 students of Education, Journalism, Medicine and Nursing. One hand, the focus groups revealed that the information channels through which students learned about these therapies were by word of mouth and through networks of family members, friends and acquaintances and their digital equivalents, social networks and blogs. In all the discussion groups, a lack of scientific knowledge was detected. Second hand, survey results showed that the Education and Nursing students presented a higher level of acceptance of alternative therapies compared with the Medicine and Journalism students, who were the most unaccepting