bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Analytical and Holistic Scoring Patterns on Scorer Reliability in Biology Essay Tests
Authors: Ebuoh Casmir N.
Published: March 2018

Literature revealed that the patterns/methods of scoring essay tests had been criticized for not being reliable and thisunreliability is more likely to be more in internal examinations than in the external examinations. The purpose of thisstudy is to find out the effects of analytical and holistic scoring patterns on scorer reliability in biology essay tests inEnugu Education Zone of Enugu State. Post-test only control group design was used. All the 212 Biology teachersfrom the thirty one secondary schools in Enugu Education Zone of Enugu State were used. The researcher constructedBiology essay test (BET) with scoring guide on biology essay tests (SGBET) for data collection. The research questionwas answered using Pearson’s Product moment correlation coefficient (r). The hypothesis was tested using t-test. Theresults showed that the use of the holistic scoring pattern was found to be the most reliable followed by analyticalscoring pattern. Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study.
Agreement Between Computed Tomography And Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Measuring Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter
Authors: Al-Tameemi Haider N. , Helel Neda M.
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging is increasingly used as a non-invasive method to assess raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to correlate well with invasively measured ICP, however little research has been conducted on the ONSD measurement using computerized tomography (CT) in correlation with ICP. This study was done to investigate whether CT scan can reliably replace MRI in measuring ONSD.METHOD: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted on 50 adult patients (29 females and 21 males), who underwent both CT and MRI of the brain along 10-month period. Using the brain axial section, the transverse ONSD was measured at 3 mm behind the globe in both modalities. Agreement between CT and MRI readings was assessed using intraclass correlation (ICC) and Kappa method.RESULTS: There was a strongly positive and statistically significant correlation between ONSD measurement using CT scan and MRI (p value <0.001). There was almost perfect agreement between CT scan and MRI in measuring ONSD (ICC=0.987 and Kappa =0.837). Similar agreement was obtained when cases stratified into normal (≤ 5mm) and thickened (> 5mm) ONSD (ICC=0.947 and 0.972 respectively).CONCLUSION: CT scan is a reliable substitute for MRI in measuring ONSD with almost perfect agreement between the two modalities. It might be good practice to include ONSD measurement in the initial evaluation of brain CT scan in any patient with suspected raised ICP.
Thermal and Chemical Aspect in Equation of State and Relation with Generalized Thermodynamic Entropy
Authors: Palazzo Pierfrancesco
Published: March 2018

The present
research is aimed at using the definition of generalized thermodynamic entropy,
as a state and additive property, to extend the canonical Equation of State in
the perspective of thermal or chemical aspect of microscopic configurations
related to inter-particle kinetic energy and inter-particle potential energy
determining macroscopic parameters. As a consequence, a generalized state
equation is formulated accounting for thermal, chemical and mechanical
thermodynamic potentials characterizing any system, large or small, in any
state, equilibrium or non-equilibrium.
Diferentes ordens dos exercícios durante o método circuito não alteram as respostas hemodinâmicas - Estudo Piloto
Authors: Freitas-Dias Ricardo , Pirauá André Luiz Torres , Beltrão Natália Barros , Oliveira Valéria Mayaly Alves de , Araújo Rodrigo Cappato de
Published: March 2018

Introduo: O efeito da ordem dos exerccios no Treinamento Circuito (TC) sobre variveis hemodinmicas inconclusivo. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de diferentes ordens de execuo nas respostas hemodinmicas agudas no TC. Mtodos: Onze homens foram recrutados. As sesses de treinamento foram compostas pela seguinte sequncia: Sequncia A: multiarticulares/monoarticulares; Sequncia B: monoarticulares/multiarticulares, realizados a 60% de 1-RM com intervalo de um minuto. Ambos circuitos foram compostos por trs passagens com oito estaes. Os desfechos foram: presso arterial sistlica (PAS), diastlica (PAD), frequncia cardaca (FC) e duplo produto (DP). Para comparaes utilizou-se ANOVA two-way medidas repetidas considerando p0.05. Resultados: Os valores da FC foram significativamente mais altos durante e aps o exerccio em comparao ao momento pr (p0,001), aumento do DP (p 0,001) e diminuio da PAS (p0,001) aps os treinos, independente da ordem dos exerccios. Concluso: O mtodo de TC eficiente em promover o efeito hipotensor ps-exerccio independente da ordem de execuo.
Associação entre as complicações pulmonares e fatores predisponentes em cirurgias cardiopediátricas
Authors: Oliveira Dayane Santos , Silva Rachel Chrystinne de Oliveira , Bassi Daniela , Calles Ana Carolina Do Nascimento
Published: March 2018

Introduo: Cardiopatias congnitas esto entre as anormalidades mais comuns ao nascimento. Objetivo: Determinar as complicaes pulmonares mais recorrentes no ps-operatrio de cirurgia cardiopeditrica e os possveis fatores associados a essas complicaes. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, retrospectivo, de amostra no probabilstica, realizado no perodo de maio de 2016 a maio de 2017, por meio da anlise dos pronturios de crianas submetidas cirurgia cardaca no Hospital do Corao de Alagoas. Resultados: As complicaes pulmonares encontradas foram atelectasia (7,3%), congesto pulmonar (7,3%) e derrame pleural (4,9%), correspondendo a 19,5% do total da amostra. A nica diferena estatstica encontrada foi o aumento no tempo de internao hospitalar nos indivduos com complicaes pulmonares. Concluso: Houve predomnio de atelectasia, congesto pulmonar e derrame pleural como complicaes pulmonares aps cirurgia cardiopeditrica. Foi evidenciado aumento no tempo de internamento hospitalar mediante a presena de complicao pulmonar, no sendo verificada associao com outra varivel aqui testada.
Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de recém-nascidos prematuros: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Fernandes Pollyanna Tavares Silva , Santana Taciane Cristina , Nogueira Ana Laura , Santos Franciele Carvalho , Bertoncello Dernival
Published: March 2018

Introduo: Avanos na assistncia prestada a recm-nascidos pr-termo e com baixo peso podem deixar prejuzos que comprometem o futuro desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor da criana. Objetivos: revisar a literatura, identificar, selecionar e avaliar criticamente as evidncias cientficas que divulguem o impacto da prematuridade no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor do recm-nascido pr-termo. Mtodos: Foram consultadas as bases de dados Lilacs, Pubmed e Scielo. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a seleo e anlise dos artigos elegveis e avaliao e construo da reviso, seguidos por mais dois revisores, eliminando assim os possveis vises. Resultados: De 26 artigos selecionados, apenas 6 foram utilizados e apenas 1 apresentou o desfecho no estudo, pois poucos estudos preencheram os critrios de incluso. Concluso: Apesar da relevncia dos resultados e do reduzido nmero de estudos avaliados, observamos os atrasos no desenvolvimento psicomotor dos bebes pr-termos, e a sugesto de mais estudos nesta rea.
Ser ou não ser um coordenador pedagógico diferente? Eis a questão
Authors: Araújo Osmar Hélio Alves , Ribeiro Luís Távora Furtado
Published: March 2018

Esta discusso traz baila que se faz necessrio pensar em uma coordenao pedaggica que aposte em um jeito diferente de gerir o processo pedaggico na arena escolar. Defende-se, deste modo, que o coordenador pedaggico tenha um fazer pedaggico diferente, vivencie um novo jeito de gerir o processo pedaggico na esfera escolar, adotando novos modos, posicionamentos inversos do que voga a partir do senso comum. Conclui-se que para se exercer a coordenao pedaggica de modo diferente precisa-se de muito esforo, vontade de acertar, disposio e disponibilidade dos coordenadores pedaggicos em organizarem um conjunto de atividades capazes de conduzirem o processo pedaggico da escola.
Tertúlia literária: a escola, a sala de aula e a leitura dialógica
Authors: Teixeira Rosiley Aparecida , Ferreira Nayane Oliveira
Published: March 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a tertlia literria como uma prtica inovadora para o trabalho com a leitura em sala de aula, para isso sero retratados aspectos de uma pesquisa realizada com alunos do 7 ano de uma escola pblica estadual de So Paulo na qual puderam vivenciar e compartilhar a leitura de alguns clssicos da literatura mundial. As tertlias literrias estabelecem um lugar de exerccio da leitura dialgica, pois nelas os leitores vo discutir a obra, dialogar, trocar experincias, acionar e compartilhar saberes j existentes, assim como aprender com o outro, priorizando sempre o dilogo, a solidariedade e o respeito s diferenas.
Os usos das tecnologias por professores: de uma lógica utilitária à prática pedagógica
Authors: Moraes Moema Gomes , Bueno Denise Cristina , Do Nascimento Neuvani Ana
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo baseia-se na pesquisa emprica cujo objetivo foi de analisar as percepes dos professores da rede pblica da educao bsica do estado de Gois sobre suas prticas pedaggicas mediadas por tecnologias. Os dados obtidos foram estruturados em dois temas: os usos didtico-pedaggicos das tecnologias e as condies de uso. O primeiro desdobrou-se em dois subtemas: a) formas de uso e b) recursos utilizados. No segundo, foram abordadas as condies de uso organizadas em trs subtemas: a) equipamentos e infraestrutura, b) condies didtico-pedaggicas e c) intervenes polticas. As possibilidades de superao da identificada prtica prevalentemente baseada numa lgica instrumental encontram-se na reviso estrutural das condies fsicas e pedaggicas escolares, bem como na formao docente fundamentada em teorias pedaggicas.
Limites e possibilidades do uso das TDICs no processo de formação de professores na modalidade a distância: a experiência do Programa Escola de Gestores na Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto
Authors: Oliveira Breynner Ricardo , Coelho Jianne Ines Fialho , Vieira Márcia Freitas
Published: March 2018

Este artigo analisa os limites e possibilidades das Tecnologias Digitais de Informao e Comunicao (TDICs) para a formao continuada de professores na modalidade a distncia. Os dados utilizados advm de uma pesquisa realizada com 26 sujeitos que compuseram a equipe de formao do Programa Escola de Gestores (PNEG) na Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) no perodo de 2013 a 2015. As entrevistas foram codificadas atravs da utilizao do software NVivo. Os dados analisados revelam que tais experincias promovem um ambiente virtual colaborativo de aprendizagem e reflexo a partir das vivncias que os formadores trazem consigo. As dificuldades e os desafios enfrentados pelos formadores relacionam-se ao trabalho virtual, distribuio do tempo e a fluncia digital. Em relao s TDICs, a mediao que se d atravs dessas tecnologias tem repercutido positivamente em suas prticas pedaggicas, em funo do intercmbio de saberes e experincias entre a educao presencial e a EaD.
The ‘Populist Explosion’ in the West and its Effect on the NMS
Authors: Ágh Attila
Published: March 2018

The key messages of this paper can be summarized in three statements: First, the new wave of populism, as neopopulism, has been shaped in the current age of information society first of all in the terms of ‘cultural’ globalization as identity politics. Second, since the outbreak of global crisis in the late 2000s there has been an ‘alienation’ between the Core and the Periphery in the EU with very marked features in the ‘East’, in New Member States as widespread disappointment of populations with the results of EU membership. Third, Poland and Hungary have been pioneering in this process of divergence from the EU mainstream and in the emergence of the anti-EU populist elites, so they represent the classical case of Eupopulism in the Eastern periphery in the EU. Thus, this paper focuses on the specificity of neopopulism in NMS within the EU first of all by analysing the emergence of authoritarian populism in Poland and Hungary.
Regional and National Elections in Eastern Europe: Territoriality of the Vote in Ten Countries
Authors: Mudríková Martina
Published: March 2018

Schakel, Arjan H. et al. (2017). Regional and National Elections in Eastern Europe: Territoriality of the Vote in Ten Countries. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 363 pages.
Populism in Western Europe: Comparing Belgium, Germany and Netherlands
Authors: Ribera Payá Pablo
Published: March 2018

Pauwels, Teun (2014). Populism in Western Europe: Comparing Belgium, Germany and Netherlands. Abingdon: Routledge, 209 pages.
To Obtain More With Less: Cytologic Samples With Ancillary Molecular Techniques—The Useful Role of Liquid-Based Cytology
Authors: Martini Maurizio , Capodimonti Sara , Cenci Tonia , Bilotta Mirna , Fadda Guido , Larocca Luigi Maria , Rossi Esther Diana
Published: March 2018

Context.—

Fine-needle aspiration cytology has been increasingly used as the first tool in the evaluation of several diseases. Although cytology has a relevant role in the discrimination between benign and malignant lesions, conventional slides cannot lead to 100% conclusive results. It was hoped that the introduction of liquid-based cytology (LBC) would improve the efficacy of cytology through standardization, quality improvement, and the possibility of carrying out ancillary techniques on the residual stored material. In recent decades, the application of genomic alterations has been studied on cytologic samples with feasible and reliable results. The molecular analysis offers a powerful aid to define the best clinical or surgical approaches and follow-up for patients. In recent years, the application of different ancillary techniques has been carried out on conventional slides even though LBC represents a useful additional and alternative method for molecular testing.

Objective.—

To demonstrate the relevance of LBC as a valid aid to overcoming the difficulties encountered in the application of ancillary techniques on conventional slides.

Data Sources.—

We examined and reviewed our experience with the application of ancillary techniques on LBC performed on different body sites.

Conclusions.—

We emphasize that LBC achieves significant and accurate results. It represents a valid method for cytologic evaluation and it provides highly reproducible and informative molecular yields.
Algunos datos sobre la visión de los niños y de las niñas sobre las ciencias y del trabajo científico
Authors: Pérez Manzano Antonio , De Pro Bueno Antonio
Published: March 2018

Resumen Uno de los mayores problemas en el ámbito de la igualdad y su contribución al desarrollo social actual, viene del contraste entre la relevancia para el avance y el crecimiento socioeconómico de las profesiones de elevada cualificación científico tecnológica frente a la acusada escasa presencia femenina en estos estudios. El presente trabajo explora la evolución de Primaria a Secundaria de las actitudes y percepciones procientíficas entre niños y niñas. Se han explorado los conocimientos sobre lo que es Ciencia y sus aportaciones, la percepción global de las ciencias, los científicos y su trabajo y, por último, la valoración de los efectos positivos vs negativos de la ciencia. Los chicos parecen tener un conocimiento algo más adecuado de lo que son productos de las Ciencias, valoran más positivamente sus aportaciones. Las chicas muestran una tendencia a dudar de la utilidad y el efecto de las ciencias sobre el futuro de la sociedad. Los chicos tienden a considerar la profesión científica como más propia de hombres. Las chicas consideran importante el entusiasmo para ser científico, sin embargo, ellas declaran sentirse poco entusiasmadas por la ciencia.

Abstract One of the main problems in the field of equality and its contribution to current social development comes from the contrast between the relevance for the advancement and the socioeconomic growth of the professions of high scientific and technological qualification versus the low female presence in these studies. The present work explores the evolution from Primary to Secondary of attitudes and pro-scientific perceptions between boys and girls. We have explored knowledge about science and its contributions, the global perception of sciences, scientists and their work and, finally, the assessment of the positive and negative effects of science. The boys seem to have a more adequate knowledge of what they are products of the Sciences, they value more positively their contributions. The girls show a tendency to doubt the utility and effect of the sciences on the future of society. Boys tend to consider the scientific profession as men’s profession. The girls consider important the enthusiasm to be a scientist, however, they report feeling little excited by science.

 

Keywords Scientific vocation, gender, perception of science, scientific education, perception of scientists, attitudes toward science
Familia monomarental y riesgo de exclusión social
Authors: Santibañez Rosa , Flores Natalia , Martín Alba
Published: March 2018

Resumen La vida familiar se ha enfrentado a profundos cambios durante las últimas décadas experimentando transformaciones a nivel estructural, valorativo, actitudinal y funcional. En años recientes, especialmente a raíz de la crisis económica de 2008, el debate sobre la creciente desigualdad socioeconómica del mundo ha cobrado fuerza. Este debate se ha visto reforzado no sólo por concebir la pobreza desde una perspectiva económica sino también desde la social y de exclusión. Existen muy pocos estudios realizados en torno al tema de la monoparentalidad y la monomarentalidad. Este artículo se plantea con tres objetivos: Describir la evolución de los conceptos monoparental y monomarental, analizar su realidad y sus necesidades. Y finalmente, examinar la vinculación de la monomarentalidad con la exclusión social. La revisión constata la realidad creciente de estas familias junto a las necesidades vinculadas a las mismas y el riesgo de exclusión.

Abstract Family life has faced profound changes over recent decades, experiencing structural, evaluative, attitudinal and functional transformations. In recent years, especially as a result of the 2008 economic crisis, the debate over the growing socioeconomic inequality of the world has gained strength. This debate has been reinforced not only by conceiving poverty from an economic perspective but also from a social point of view of and as regards exclusion. There are very few studies on the issue of single parenthood and single motherhood. This article is presented with three objectives: to describe the evolution of the concepts single-parent and single-mother (Monoparental and Monomarental), to analyse their reality and their needs, and finally, to examine the link between single motherhood and social exclusion. The review notes the growing reality of these families together with the needs linked to them and the risk of exclusion.

Keywords Monomarental, single parent, risk of social exclusion, family.

 
Igualdad y conciliación de la vida familiar y la actividad profesional de los trabajadores y trabajadoras autónomas: avances normativos y cuestiones pendientes
Authors: Ferrando García Francisca María
Published: March 2018

Resumen El presente trabajo versa sobre las últimas medidas legislativas introducidas a fin de garantizar los derechos a la maternidad y a la conciliación de la vida familiar y la actividad profesional de las trabajadoras autónomas, desde las perspectivas del principio de igualdad y de la promoción del autoempleo femenino. A tal fin, se estudian las escasas referencias a la conciliación en materia de jornada contenidas en la LETA. Especial atención merecen las bonificaciones en la cotización relacionadas con el ejercicio de sus derechos en materia de maternidad y conciliación, reguladas en los arts. 30, 38 y 38 bis LETA. Asimismo, se trata sobre la posibilidad de contratación de personas asalariadas por los TRADE, introducida en el art. 11.2.a) ET. Finalmente, se analizan las garantías previstas en el art. 15 LETA frente a la facultad de la empresa cliente de resolver el contrato con el TRADE, aspecto este último en el que se observa un claro paralelismo con el régimen aplicable al trabajo por cuenta ajena, a la vez que ciertas carencias que pueden ser consideradas contrarias a la Constitución Española. Todo ello, a la luz de las novedades introducidas por la Ley 6/2017, de Reformas Urgentes del Trabajo Autónomo.

Abstract This paper studies the various mechanisms that the last legislative reforms have introduced in order to guarantee the right to motherhood and the reconciliation of family life and professional activity of self-employed women, both from the point of view of the principle of equality and from the perspective of the promotion of entrepreneurship and female self-employment. To this end, the paper reviews the few references to the conciliation in terms of working hours found in the LETA. Special attention deserve the Social Security contribution bonuses applicable to the hiring of employed persons by self-employed women to enable them to exercise their maternity and reconciliation rights, according to arts. 30, 38 and 38 bis LETA. Likewise, it deals with the possibility of hiring salaried persons by economically dependent workers, provided by. 11.2.a) ET. Finally, the guarantees introduced in art. 15 LETA as to the faculty of the client to resolve the contract with economically dependent workers, are analyzed, concluding the existence of a clear parallelism with the regime applicable to employment contract, while certain shortcomings that could be considered contrary to the Spanish Constitution. All this, in light of the reforms introduced by Act 6/2017, on Urgent Reforms of Autonomous Work.

Key words Self-employed women motherhood, reconciliation of family life and the professional activity, Social Security contribution bonuses, female entrepreneurship, economically dependent workers
High-occupancy Vehicle Lanes and Tradable Credits Scheme for Traffic Congestion Management: A Bilevel Programming Approach
Authors: Zang Guangzhi , Xu Meng , Gao Ziyou
Published: March 2018

High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, which are designed so as to encourage more people to use high-capacity travel modes and thus move more people in a single roadway lane, have been implemented as a lane management measure to deal with the growing traffic congestion in practice. However, the implementation has shown that some HOV lanes are not able to achieve the expected effects without proper HOV lane settings. In this study, the tradable credits scheme (TCS) is introduced to improve the HOV lane management and an optimal capacity of HOV lanes in a multilane highway is investigated to match TCSs. To approach the investigation, a bilevel programming model is proposed. The upper-level represents the decision of the highway authority and the lower-level follows the commuters’ user equilibrium with deterministic demand. The potential influence of TCSs is further investigated within the proposed framework. A modified genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the bilevel programming model. Numerical examples demonstrate that combining TCSs with the HOV lane management can obviously mitigate traffic congestion.
Dependence of the Future Elderly on Private Cars: A Case Study in Beijing
Authors: Jian Meiying , Shi Jing , Liu Yang
Published: March 2018

With the aging of population in the world, understanding the travel demands of the elderly is important. In China, the aging society is in the process of forming. Meanwhile the urban motorization has just started. The aim of this paper is to investigate the dependence of the future elderly on private cars. The data used here come from a stated preference (SP) survey of the young and middle-aged residents in the capital of China, Beijing. The influencing factors on the car ownership and mode choices of the future elderly are analysed based on the ordered logit model and MNL model, respectively. The effect of uncertainty in respondents’ statements on the car usage has been also investigated. The results show that the future elderly in Beijing become increasingly dependent on private cars. It is also found that younger people have higher propensities to own private cars and to make use of driving after the age of 65. Moreover, improving public transport services contributes to an increased ridership of public transport by the future elderly. The findings in this paper can provide valuable references for the aging society when making transport policies in Beijing.
Predictors of Self-reported Crashes among Iranian Drivers: Exploratory Analysis of an Extended Driver Behavior Questionnaire
Authors: Mohamadi Hezaveh Amin , Nordfjærn Trond , Mamdoohi Amir Reza , Şimşekoğlu Özlem
Published: March 2018

More than 16,500 people lose their lives each year due to traffic crashes in Iran, which reflects one of the highest road traffic fatality rates in the world. The aim of the present study is to investigate the factors structure of an extended Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) and to examine the gender differences in the extracted factors among Iranian drivers. Further, the study tested the association between DBQ factors, demographic characteristics, and self-reported crashes. Based on Iranian driving culture, an extended (36 items) Internet-based version of the DBQ was distributed among Iranian drivers. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis based on a sample of 632 Iranians identified a five-factor solution named “Speeding and Pushing Violations”, “Lapses and Errors”, “Violations Causing Inattention”, “Aggressive Violations” and “Traffic Violations” which account for 44.7 percent of the total variance. The results also revealed that females were more prone to Lapses and Errors, whereas males reported more violations than females. Logistic regression analysis identified Violations Causing Inattention, Speeding and Pushing Violations as predictors of self-reported crashes in a three-year period. The results were discussed in line with road traffic safety countermeasures suitable for the Iranian context.
Travel Time Estimation on Urban Street Segment
Authors: Kajalić Jelena , Čelar Nikola , Stanković Stamenka
Published: March 2018

Level of service (LOS) is used as the main indicator of transport quality on urban roads and it is estimated based on the travel speed. The main objective of this study is to determine which of the existing models for travel speed calculation is most suitable for local conditions. The study uses actual data gathered in travel time survey on urban streets, recorded by applying second by second GPS data. The survey is limited to traffic flow in saturated conditions. The RMSE method (Root Mean Square Error) is used for research results comparison with relevant models: Akcelik, HCM (Highway Capacity Manual), Singapore model and modified BPR (the Bureau of Public Roads) function (Dowling - Skabardonis). The lowest deviation in local conditions for urban streets with standardized intersection distance (400-500 m) is demonstrated by Akcelik model. However, for streets with lower signal density (<1 signal/km) the correlation between speed and degree of saturation is best presented by HCM and Singapore model. According to test results, Akcelik model was adopted for travel speed estimation which can be the basis for determining the level of service in urban streets with standardized intersection distance and coordinated signal timing under local conditions.
An extended research of crossmodal correspondence between color and sound in psychology and cognitive ergonomics
Authors: Sun Xiuwen , Li Xiaoling , Ji Lingyu , Han Feng , Wang Huifen , Liu Yang , Chen Yao , Lou Zhiyuan , Li Zhuoyun
Published: March 2018

Based on the existing research on sound symbolism and crossmodal correspondence, this study proposed an extended research on cross-modal correspondence between various sound attributes and color properties in a group of non-synesthetes. In Experiment 1, we assessed the associations between each property of sounds and colors. Twenty sounds with five auditory properties (pitch, roughness, sharpness, tempo and discontinuity), each varied in four levels, were used as the sound stimuli. Forty-nine colors with different hues, saturation and brightness were used to match to those sounds. Result revealed that besides pitch and tempo, roughness and sharpness also played roles in sound-color correspondence. Reaction times of sound-hue were a little longer than the reaction times of sound-lightness. In Experiment 2, a speeded target discrimination task was used to assess whether the associations between sound attributes and color properties could invoke natural cross-modal correspondence and improve participants’ cognitive efficiency in cognitive tasks. Several typical sound-color pairings were selected according to the results of Experiment 1. Participants were divided into two groups (congruent and incongruent). In each trial participants had to judge whether the presented color could appropriately be associated with the sound stimuli. Result revealed that participants responded more quickly and accurately in the congruent group than in the incongruent group. It was also found that there was no significant difference in reaction times and error rates between sound-hue and sound-lightness. The results of Experiment 1 and 2 indicate the existence of a robust crossmodal correspondence between multiple attributes of sound and color, which also has strong influence on cognitive tasks. The inconsistency of the reaction times between sound-hue and sound-lightness in Experiment 1 and 2 is probably owing to the difference in experimental protocol, which indicates that the complexity of experiment design may be an important factor in crossmodal correspondence phenomena.
First insight into the viral community of the cnidarian model metaorganism Aiptasia using RNA-Seq data
Authors: Brüwer Jan D. , Voolstra Christian R.
Published: March 2018

Current research posits that all multicellular organisms live in symbioses with associated microorganisms and form so-called metaorganisms or holobionts. Cnidarian metaorganisms are of specific interest given that stony corals provide the foundation of the globally threatened coral reef ecosystems. To gain first insight into viruses associated with the coral model system Aiptasia (sensu Exaiptasia pallida), we analyzed an existing RNA-Seq dataset of aposymbiotic, partially populated, and fully symbiotic Aiptasia CC7 anemones with Symbiodinium. Our approach included the selective removal of anemone host and algal endosymbiont sequences and subsequent microbial sequence annotation. Of a total of 297 million raw sequence reads, 8.6 million (∼3%) remained after host and endosymbiont sequence removal. Of these, 3,293 sequences could be assigned as of viral origin. Taxonomic annotation of these sequences suggests that Aiptasia is associated with a diverse viral community, comprising 116 viral taxa covering 40 families. The viral assemblage was dominated by viruses from the families Herpesviridae (12.00%), Partitiviridae (9.93%), and Picornaviridae (9.87%). Despite an overall stable viral assemblage, we found that some viral taxa exhibited significant changes in their relative abundance when Aiptasia engaged in a symbiotic relationship with Symbiodinium. Elucidation of viral taxa consistently present across all conditions revealed a core virome of 15 viral taxa from 11 viral families, encompassing many viruses previously reported as members of coral viromes. Despite the non-random selection of viral genetic material due to the nature of the sequencing data analyzed, our study provides a first insight into the viral community associated with Aiptasia. Similarities of the Aiptasia viral community with those of corals corroborate the application of Aiptasia as a model system to study coral holobionts. Further, the change in abundance of certain viral taxa across different symbiotic states suggests a role of viruses in the algal endosymbiosis, but the functional significance of this remains to be determined.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO SOMÁTICA NA FORMAÇÃO DO PERFORMER CONTEMPORÂNEO: O MÉTODO GDS
Authors: Siviero Evanize Kelli
Published: March 2018

O campo da educação somática fundamenta-se em uma contínua sistematização e estruturação do conhecimento empírico em que a prática é à base da teoria, e o aprendizado é constituído pela experiência e sensação, sendo que a dança contemporânea se funde a esses princípios, criando indagações que o intérprete encontra ao trabalhar o movimento. Estas investigações que surgem para o artista são apresentadas por percepções e sensações, possibilitando, por meio da experiência, uma visão que ilumine outros horizontes contribuindo, assim, para a sua formação acadêmica e profissional. Pensando neste encontro entre as artes performativas e a educação somática, 32 graduandos do curso de dança da Universidade Federal de Viçosa-MG participaram de um trabalho de reeducação de esquemas gestuais, por meio do método GDS, aplicado em aulas de dança, com a finalidade de fazer emergir formas e posturas mais eficazes, para ampliar as possibilidades de movimento e de expressão com o objetivo de trazer contribuições para a sua formação acadêmica. A metodologia escolhida foi a pesquisa-ação e para coleta dos dados utilizou-se o diário de bordo, a entrevista focal e gravações das aulas, com observação e tratamento dos dados, em cruzamento com a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas. Como resultado verificou-se uma melhoria do envolvimento do aluno com o seu corpo ao dançar, integrando movimento, sensação, percepção, imagem de si e da representação do próprio corpo. Em aula, alunos mais presentes interessados pelo método, em lançar questões, em se envolver e compreender suas posturas e seus comportamentos, provocando reflexões e mudanças que pudessem influenciar o desempenho e a sua atuação em sala de aula e em cena, contribuindo assim para a sua formação.
DO NASCIMENTO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO INTERNACIONAL DE TEATRO NA UNIVERSIDADE, OU QUANDO UMA NECESSIDADE DO TU CRIA O ÓRGÃO AITU
Authors: Germay Robert
Published: March 2018

RESUMO        Do nascimento da Associação Internacional de Teatro na Universidade, ou Quando uma necessidade do TU cria o órgão AITUDesde a criacão das primeiras universidades na Idade Média, a atividade teatral universitária esteve diretamente ligada às matérias ensinadas como um auxiliar do ensino,  e essencialmente praticada intra muros. Após a 2a. guerra mundial (1945), o teatro universitário iria acentuar o fenômeno de sua abertura e de sua internacionalização. Rompendo os muros da universidade, o teatro conquistaria cada vez mais visibilidade, e inúmeros grupos universitários se veriam tentados pela profissionalização. A própria universidade vai, a partir daí, considerar o teatro como objeto de estudo.  E os anos 70 serão, assim, marcados em quase todas as universidades europeias, pela criação de Departamentos de Estudos Teatrais. A década de 1980 viu florescerem novos festivais internacionais que revelam claramente a abundância de teatros universitários e a grande diversidade de suas práticas. Por ocasião dos Encontros de Liège (RITU), vai ressurgir no início dos anos 90, a questão da definicão do teatro universitário, que impulsiona os liegenises a organizar um Congresso Mundial em outubro de 1994, quando foi criada a Associação Internacional do Teatro na Universidade. A AITU organzia seu 11o. Congresso em 2016 em Manizales (Colombia). Palavras chave :  AITU-IUTA, Teatro Universitário, História do Teatro Universitário   ABSTRACT On the birth of the International University Theatre Association, or When a need of UT creates the organ IUTASince the creation of the first universities in the Middle Ages, the university theater activity was considered as a teaching aid to the subjects taught, and was primarily practiced intra muros. After the 2nd World War (1945), University Theatre would accentuate the phenomenon of openness and internationalization. Leaving the walls of the university, theater acquired more and more visibility, and numerous academic troops were tempted by professionalization. The university itself will now consider theater as a case study. And so the 70’s will be marked by the creation of Theater Studies Departments in universities all over Europe. The 1980’s saw a flowering of new international festivals which clearly reveal the abundance of university theaters and the great diversity of practices. On the occasion of the Liège Meetings (RITU), the question of the definition of university theater resurfaced in the early 90s, which pushed the organizers to set up a World Congress in October 1994. This led to the creation of the International University Theatre Association.  The IUTA holds its 11th Congress in 2016 in Manizales (Colombia).  Keywords:   AITU-IUTA, University Theatre, History of University Theatre
Structural and histone binding studies of the chromo barrel domain of TIP60
Authors: Zhang Yuzhe , Lei Ming , Yang Xiajie , Feng Yue , Yang Yuan , Loppnau Peter , Li Yanjun , Yang Yi , Min Jinrong , Liu Yanli
Published: March 2018

Tat‐interactive protein 60 consists of an N‐terminal chromo barrel domain (TIP60‐CB) and a C‐terminal acetyltransferase domain and acetylates histone and nonhistone proteins in diverse cellular processes. While TIP60‐CB is thought to recognize histone tails, molecular details of this interaction remain unclear. Here, we attempted a quantitative analysis of the interaction between the human TIP60‐CB and histone peptides, but did not observe any detectable binding by either fluorescence polarization or isothermal titration calorimetry assays. We also determined the crystal structure of the TIP60‐CB alone. Analysis of the apo‐structure reveals a putative peptide‐binding site that might be occluded by the basic side chain of a residue in a unique β hairpin between the two N‐terminal strands of the β barrel, leading to the inability of TIP60‐CB to bind histones.
Assimilating InSAR Maps of Water Vapor to Improve Heavy Rainfall Forecasts: A Case Study With Two Successive Storms
Authors: Mateus Pedro , Miranda Pedro M. A. , Nico Giovanni , Catalão João , Pinto Paulo , Tomé Ricardo
Published: March 2018

Very high resolution precipitable water vapor maps obtained by the Sentinel‐1 A synthetic aperture radar (SAR), using the SAR interferometry (InSAR) technique, are here shown to have a positive impact on the performance of severe weather forecasts. A case study of deep convection which affected the city of Adra, Spain, on 6–7 September 2015, is successfully forecasted by the Weather Research and Forecasting model initialized with InSAR data assimilated by the three‐dimensional variational technique, with improved space and time distributions of precipitation, as observed by the local weather radar and rain gauge. This case study is exceptional because it consisted of two severe events 12 hr apart, with a timing that allows for the assimilation of both the ascending and descending satellite images, each for the initialization of each event. The same methodology applied to the network of Global Navigation Satellite System observations in Iberia, at the same times, failed to reproduce observed precipitation, although it also improved, in a more modest way, the forecast skill. The impact of precipitable water vapor data is shown to result from a direct increment of convective available potential energy, associated with important adjustments in the low‐level wind field, favoring its release in deep convection. It is suggested that InSAR images, complemented by dense Global Navigation Satellite System data, may provide a new source of water vapor data for weather forecasting, since their sampling frequency could reach the subdaily scale by merging different SAR platforms, or when future geosynchronous radar missions become operational.
Geomorphic Controls on Floodplain Soil Organic Carbon in the Yukon Flats, Interior Alaska, From Reach to River Basin Scales
Authors: Lininger K. B. , Wohl E. , Rose J. R.
Published: March 2018

Floodplains accumulate and store organic carbon (OC) and release OC to rivers, but studies of floodplain soil OC come from small rivers or small spatial extents on larger rivers in temperate latitudes. Warming climate is causing substantial change in geomorphic process and OC fluxes in high latitude rivers. We investigate geomorphic controls on floodplain soil OC concentrations in active‐layer mineral sediment in the Yukon Flats, interior Alaska. We characterize OC along the Yukon River and four tributaries in relation to geomorphic controls at the river basin, segment, and reach scales. Average OC concentration within floodplain soil is 2.8% (median = 2.2%). Statistical analyses indicate that OC varies among river basins, among planform types along a river depending on the geomorphic unit, and among geomorphic units. OC decreases with sample depth, suggesting that most OC accumulates via autochthonous inputs from floodplain vegetation. Floodplain and river characteristics, such as grain size, soil moisture, planform, migration rate, and riverine DOC concentrations, likely influence differences among rivers. Grain size, soil moisture, and age of surface likely influence differences among geomorphic units. Mean OC concentrations vary more among geomorphic units (wetlands = 5.1% versus bars = 2.0%) than among study rivers (Dall River = 3.8% versus Teedrinjik River = 2.3%), suggesting that reach‐scale geomorphic processes more strongly control the spatial distribution of OC than basin‐scale processes. Investigating differences at the basin and reach scale is necessary to accurately assess the amount and distribution of floodplain soil OC, as well as the geomorphic controls on OC.
Survey of Magnetosheath Plasma Properties at Saturn and Inference of Upstream Flow Conditions
Authors: Thomsen M. F. , Coates A. J. , Jackman C. M. , Sergis N. , Jia X. , Hansen K. C.
Published: March 2018

A new Cassini magnetosheath data set is introduced that is based on a comprehensive survey of intervals in which the observed magnetosheath flow was encompassed within the plasma analyzer field of view and for which the computed numerical moments are therefore expected to be accurate. The data extend from 2004 day 299 to 2012 day 151 and comprise 19,155 416 s measurements. In addition to the plasma ion moments (density, temperature, and flow velocity), merged values of the plasma electron density and temperature, the energetic particle pressure, and the magnetic field vector are included in the data set. Statistical properties of various magnetosheath parameters, including dependence on local time, are presented. The magnetosheath field and flow are found to be only weakly aligned, primarily because of a relatively large z component of the magnetic field, attributable to the field being pulled out of the equatorial orientation by flows at higher latitudes. A new procedure for using magnetosheath properties to estimate the upstream solar wind speed is proposed and used to determine that the amount of electron heating at Saturn's high Mach‐number bow shock is ~4% of the dissipated flow energy. The data set is available as supporting information to this paper.
Loss of scinderin decreased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and promoted apoptosis of castration‐resistant prostate cancer cells
Authors: Lai Xiaofeng , Su Weipeng , Zhao Hu , Yang Shunliang , Zeng Tengyue , Wu Weizhen , Wang Dong
Published: March 2018

Most patients with prostate cancer will eventually develop the castration‐resistant form characterised by metastasis. Cytoskeleton constituents, including F‐actin, play important roles in maintaining epithelial integrity and their disruption is a major cause of cancer progression. We previously showed that scinderin (SCIN), an important regulator of F‐actin organisation, is highly expressed in poorly differentiated cancer tissues. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of its regulation of cell proliferation. We discovered that SCIN knockdown significantly downregulated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression, and inhibited epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐mediated cell proliferation and activation of the downstream mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway. Silencing of SCIN promoted apoptosis in two cell lines (PC‐3 and DU145), inhibited B‐cell lymphoma‐extra‐large (Bcl‐xl) expression and activated caspase signalling. Furthermore, in vivo studies showed that SCIN deletion slowed tumour growth and decreased EGFR expression. Thus, we conclude that SCIN promotes prostate cancer cell survival by stabilising EGFR and MEK/ERK signalling.
Formation of Ethers by Alkylation of Alcohols, Phenols, and Derivatives
Authors: Larock Richard C. , Kesharwani Tanay
Published: March 2018

This article has no abstract.
B
rachyspira
Authors: Looft Torey , Stanton Thaddeus B.
Published: March 2018

Bra.chy.spi'ra. (Gr. adj.
brachys
, short; Gr. n.
spira
, a coil, helix; N.L. fem. n.
Brachyspira
, describing a bacterium that resembles a short helix).

Spirochaetes / Spirochaetia / Spirochaetales / Brachyspiraceae / Brachyspira

The genus
Brachyspira
consists of obligately anaerobic, aerotolerant spirochetes, which inhabit the intestinal tracts of birds and mammals, including humans. They have been found globally in free‐living birds. The type species of the genus is
Brachyspira aalborgi
. There are numerous yet‐to‐be characterized brachyspire species. Brachyspires have fastidious growth requirements requiring chemically complex culture media supplemented with blood or serum. The best studied species,
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae,
requires cholesterol and phospholipid for growth. The brachyspires are chemoorganotrophic, using various simple carbohydrates for growth. Metabolic products are acetate, butyrate, H
2
, and CO
2
.
Brachyspira
spp. use NADH oxidase as defense against oxygen exposure. Species are differentiated by 16S rRNA gene sequences and genome DNA homology comparisons (chemical and digital). Genome sequences of the type strains of every species except
B. aalborgi
are publicly available. There are nine
Brachyspira
species, of which eight are considered enteropathogenic for their host animal. Diseases associated with the brachyspires include swine dysentery, spirochetal colitis, and intestinal spirochetosis. Dysenteric species (
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
,
Brachyspira suanatina
, and
Brachyspira hampsonii
) form strongly hemolytic (i.e., beta hemolytic) colonies on trypticase soy blood agar. Other species are “weakly” hemolytic.
B. hyodysenteriae
cells exchange chromosomal genes via VSH‐1, a novel GTA (gene transfer agent). MLST (multiple locus sequence typing) analyses have been applied to investigate
B. hyodysenteriae
and
Brachyspira pilosicoli
epidemiology and to interpret species evolution. A database of STs (MLST sequence types) for
B. hyodysenteriae
strains has been established.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 24.6–27.5 (
T
m
; genome sequence).

Type species
:
Brachyspira aalborgi
Hovind‐Hougen, Birch‐Andersen, Henrik‐Nielsen, Orholm, Pedersen, Teglbjaerg and Thaysen 1983, 896
VP
(Effective publication: Hovind‐Hougen, Birch‐Andersen, Henrik‐Nielsen, Orholm, Pedersen, Teglbjaerg and Thaysen 1982, 1135).