bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Mouth-Based Emotion Recognition Using Transfer Learning
Authors: Franzoni Valentina , Biondi Giulio , Perri Damiano , Gervasi Osvaldo
Published: September 2020

This work concludes the first study on mouth-based emotion recognition while adopting a transfer learning approach. Transfer learning results are paramount for mouth-based emotion emotion recognition, because few datasets are available, and most of them include emotional expressions simulated by actors, instead of adopting real-world categorisation. Using transfer learning, we can use fewer training data than training a whole network from scratch, and thus more efficiently fine-tune the network with emotional data and improve the convolutional neural network’s performance accuracy in the desired domain. The proposed approach aims at improving emotion recognition dynamically, taking into account not only new scenarios but also modified situations to the initial training phase, because the image of the mouth can be available even when the whole face is visible only in an unfavourable perspective. Typical applications include automated supervision of bedridden critical patients in a healthcare management environment, and portable applications supporting disabled users having difficulties in seeing or recognising facial emotions. This achievement takes advantage of previous preliminary works on mouth-based emotion recognition using deep-learning, and has the further benefit of having been tested and compared to a set of other networks using an extensive dataset for face-based emotion recognition, well known in the literature. The accuracy of mouth-based emotion recognition was also compared to the corresponding full-face emotion recognition; we found that the loss in accuracy is mostly compensated by consistent performance in the visual emotion recognition domain. We can, therefore, state that our method proves the importance of mouth detection in the complex process of emotion recognition.
A New Bit Repair Fast Reroute Mechanism for Smart Sensors IoT Network Infrastructure
Authors: Papan Jozef , Segec Pavel , Yeremenko Oleksandra , Bridova Ivana , Hodon Michal
Published: September 2020

Today’s IP networks are experiencing a high increase in used and connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices and related deployed critical services. This puts increased demands on the reliability of underlayer transport networks. Therefore, modern networks must meet specific qualitative and quantitative parameters to satisfy customer service demands in line with the most common requirements of network fault tolerance and minimal packet loss. After a router or link failure within the transport network, the network convergence process begins. This process can take an unpredictable amount of time, usually depending on the size, the design of the network and the routing protocol used. Several solutions have been developed to address these issues, where one of which is the group of so-called Fast ReRoute (FRR) mechanisms. A general feature of these mechanisms is the fact that the resilience to network connectivity failures is addressed by calculating a pre-prepared alternative path. The path serves as a backup in the event of a network failure. This paper presents a new Bit Repair (B-REP) FRR mechanism that uses a special BIER header field (Bit-String) to explicitly indicate an alternative path used to route the packet. B-REP calculates an alternative path in advance as a majority of existing FRR solutions. The advantage of B-REP is the ability to define an alternative hop-by-hop path with full repair coverage throughout the network, where, unlike other solutions, we propose the use of a standardized solution for this purpose. The area of the B-REP application is communication networks working on the principle of packet switching, which use some link-state routing protocol. Therefore, B-REP can be successfully used in the IoT solutions especially in the field of ensuring communication from sensors in order to guarantee a minimum packet loss during data transmission.
Robust Nonparametric Distribution Transfer with Exposure Correction for Image Neural Style Transfer
Authors: Liu Shuai , Hong Caixia , He Jing , Tian Zhiqiang
Published: September 2020

Image neural style transfer is a process of utilizing convolutional neural networks to render a content image based on a style image. The algorithm can compute a stylized image with original content from the given content image but a new style from the given style image. Style transfer has become a hot topic both in academic literature and industrial applications. The stylized results of current existing models are not ideal because of the color difference between two input images and the inconspicuous details of content image. To solve the problems, we propose two style transfer models based on robust nonparametric distribution transfer. The first model converts the color probability density function of the content image into that of the style image before style transfer. When the color dynamic range of the content image is smaller than that of style image, this model renders more reasonable spatial structure than the existing models. Then, an adaptive detail-enhanced exposure correction algorithm is proposed for underexposed images. Based this, the second model is proposed for the style transfer of underexposed content images. It can further improve the stylized results of underexposed images. Compared with popular methods, the proposed methods achieve the satisfactory qualitative and quantitative results.
Robust Lateral Stabilization Control of In-Wheel-Motor-Driven Mobile Robots via Active Disturbance Suppression Approach
Authors: Meng Jie , Wang Shuting , Jiang Liquan , Xie Yuanlong , Zheng Shiqi , Wu Hao
Published: September 2020

Due to the praiseworthy maneuverability and actuation flexibility, the in-wheel-motor-driven mobile robots (IWMD-MR) are widely employed in various industrial fields. However, the active estimation and rejection of unknown disturbances/uncertainties remain a tough work for formulating a stable lateral motion controller. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a robust lateral stabilization control (RLSC) scheme for the developed IWMD-MR by designing an active disturbance suppression mechanism. The distinctive features of the proposed RLSC method are threefold: (i) With a fuzzy estimator, a modified super-twisting sliding mode method is designed to eliminate the system perturbations and time-varying lumped disturbances in an active manner; (ii) The resultant system trajectory is forced into a bounded switching region within finite time, which can be maintained therein for subsequent periods; (iii) Employing the Lyapunov function, new adaption rules for multivariable gains are derived to preserve the lateral motion stability and robustness. Finally, under the direct yaw moment control framework, simulation experiments of real-life IWMD-MR are offered to verify the effectiveness of the presented RLSC method.
Determination of the pH Gradient in Hair Follicles of Human Volunteers Using pH-Sensitive Melamine Formaldehyde-Pyranine Nile Blue Microparticles
Authors: Kaden Dennis , Dähne Lars , Knorr Fanny , Richter Heike , Lademann Jürgen , Meinke Martina C. , Patzelt Alexa , Darvin Maxim E. , Jung Sora
Published: September 2020

Nanoparticles can be applied to the hair follicles, which can serve as reservoirs for triggered drug release. A valid measurement method for the determination of the pH within the hair follicle in vivo has not been shown yet. Here, melamine formaldehyde particles up to 9 µm in size were applied on 40 freshly plucked scalp hairs of eight individuals to determine the pH along the hair shaft down to the root area of the hair. For fluorescent pH indicators, pyranine and Nile blue were incorporated into the particles. Measurements were conducted using confocal laser scanning microscopy. A pH decay gradient could be found from the hair sheath towards the external hair shaft (p = 0.012) with pH values at the hair sheath of 6.63 ± 0.09, at the hair sheath end at 6.33 ± 0.11, and at the external hair shaft at 6.17 ± 0.09 (mean ± SE). The pH difference between the hair sheath end and the external hair shaft was found to be significant (p = 0.036). The results might be comparable with the pH within the hair follicle in vivo indicating a pH increase towards the hair root.
Street Gang Intervention: Review and Good Lives Extension
Authors: Mallion Jaimee , Wood Jane
Published: September 2020

Tackling street gangs has recently been highlighted as a priority for public health. In this paper, the four components of a public health approach were reviewed: (1) surveillance, (2) identifying risk and protective factors, (3) developing and evaluating interventions at primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary intervention stages, and (4) implementation of evidence-based programs. Findings regarding the effectiveness of prevention and intervention programs for street gang members were mixed, with unclear goals/objectives, limited theoretical foundation, and a lack of consistency in program implementation impeding effectiveness at reducing street gang involvement. This paper proposes that the Good Lives Model (GLM), a strengths-based framework for offender rehabilitation, provides an innovative approach to street gang intervention. Utilizing approach-goals, the GLM assumes that improving an individual’s internal skills and external opportunities will reduce the need to become involved in street gangs. Wrapping the GLM framework around current evidence-based interventions (e.g., Functional Family Therapy) increases client engagement and motivation to change, which is notably poor amongst those at risk of, or involved in, street gangs.
Exploring Perceived Well-Being from Urban Parks: Insights from a Megacity in Latin America
Authors: Parra-Saldívar Andrea , Abades Sebastián , Celis-Diez Juan L. , Gelcich Stefan
Published: September 2020

Urbanization has impacted biodiversity and ecosystems at a global scale. At the same time, it has been recognized as a driver of the physical and emotional gap between humans and nature. The lack of direct contact with nature can have a negative impact on several aspects of human well-being and change knowledge and attitudes of people towards the environment. However, this phenomenon is still poorly understood in megacities outside developed countries. Here, we explore the relationship between ecological knowledge and self-reported well-being in an important urban park in Santiago, Chile. We conducted semi-structured surveys of park users to explore their beliefs, preferences, ecological knowledge of plants and birds, and self-reported well-being. Citizens associated urban parks mainly with “nature,” and particularly with the presence of trees and plants. Trees were recognized as the most relevant elements of urban parks; in turn, birds were ranked as the less relevant. Regarding formal ecological knowledge, respondents correctly identified an average of 2.01 plants and 2.44 birds out of a total of 10 for each taxon, and exotic species were more likely to be recognized. Park users also reported high scores for self-reported well-being. Interestingly, variance of self-reported well-being scores tended to increase at low levels of ecological knowledge of trees, but no significant relationship was detected with knowledge of birds, nor native species. Ecological knowledge of trees was positively related to self-reported well-being. Results suggest that parks can positively contribute to bring people closer to nature in middle-income countries. Improving ecological knowledge can be critical to restore the relationship between humans and nature in megacities.
Spinors in Cylindrically Symmetric Space–Time
Authors: Saha Bijan
Published: September 2020

We studied the behavior of nonlinear spinor field within the scope of a static cylindrically symmetric space–time. It is found that the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the spinor field in this case possesses nontrivial non-diagonal components. The presence of non-diagonal components of the EMT imposes three-way restrictions either on the space–time geometry or on the components of the spinor field or on both. It should be noted that the analogical situation occurs in cosmology when the nonlinear spinor field is exploited as a source of gravitational field given by the Bianchi type-I cosmological model.
Mathematical Approach to Estimating the Main Epidemiological Parameters of African Swine Fever in Wild Boar
Authors: Loi Federica , Cappai Stefano , Laddomada Alberto , Feliziani Francesco , Oggiano Annalisa , Franzoni Giulia , Rolesu Sandro , Guberti Vittorio
Published: September 2020

African swine fever (ASF) severely threatens the swine industry worldwide, given its spread and the absence of an available licensed vaccine, and has caused severe economic losses. Its persistence in wild boar (WB), longer than in domestic pig farms, and the knowledge gaps in ASF epidemiology hinder ASF virus (ASFV) eradication. Even in areas where disease is effectively controlled and ASFV is no longer detected, declaring eradication is difficult as seropositive WBs may still be detected. The aim of this work was to estimate the main ASF epidemiological parameters specific for the north of Sardinia, Italy. The estimated basic (R0) and effective (Re) reproduction numbers demonstrate that the ASF epidemic is declining and under control with an R0 of 1.139 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.123–1.153) and Re of 0.802 (95% CI = 0.612–0.992). In the last phases of an epidemic, these estimates are crucial tools for identifying the intensity of interventions required to definitively eradicate the disease. This approach is useful to understand if and when the detection of residual seropositive WB is no longer associated with any further ASFV circulation.
Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Combined with CTLA4 Checkpoint Blockade in Syngeneic Mouse Cancer Models
Authors: Maruoka Yasuhiro , Furusawa Aki , Okada Ryuhei , Inagaki Fuyuki , Fujimura Daiki , Wakiyama Hiroaki , Kato Takuya , Nagaya Tadanobu , Choyke Peter L. , Kobayashi Hisataka
Published: September 2020

Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed and highly selective cancer treatment that induces necrotic/immunogenic cell death. It employs a monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugated to a photo-absorber dye, IRDye700DX, which is activated by NIR light. Tumor-targeting NIR-PIT is also at least partly mediated by a profound immune response against the tumor. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) is widely recognized as a major immune checkpoint protein, which inhibits the immune response against tumors and is therefore, a target for systemic blockade. We investigated the effect of combining tumor-targeted NIR-PIT against the cell-surface antigen, CD44, which is known as a cancer stem cell marker, with a systemic CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitor in three syngeneic tumor models (MC38-luc, LL/2, and MOC1). CD44-targeted NIR-PIT combined with CTLA4 blockade showed greater tumor growth inhibition with longer survival compared with CTLA4 blockade alone in all tumor models. NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade produced more complete remission in MOC1 tumors (44%) than NIR-PIT and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade (8%), which was reported in our previous paper. However, the combination of NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade was less effective in MC38-luc tumors (11%) than the combination of NIR-PIT and PD-1 blockade (70%). Nonetheless, in many cases ineffective results with NIR-PIT and PD-1 blockade were reversed with NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade.
Technologies in medicine of the future (sociological view)
Authors: Lebed O. , Prisyazhnaya N. , Kamaletdinova S.
Published: September 2020

The study of ideas about the future of medicine is one of the new directions of modern sociology of medicine. At the Departmentof sociology of medicine, health economics and medical insurance of the First state medical University, an analysis of the opinions of senior medical specialists was conducted, which showed that the development of medicine is based on its relationship with science. This will require an understanding of the role of basic science in the training of a modern doctor.
Super dose of phytase in compound feed for turkey poults
Authors: Kolokolnikov N. , Amiranashvili E. , Yatsishin A. , Chaunina E. , Mezentsev I. , Mezentsev M.
Published: September 2020

In the practice of feeding poultry enzyme drugs are widely used that contribute to the effective transformation of feed components into poultry products. Reducing the cost of compound feed for poultry due to the introduction of enzyme drugs is of great interest, both from a scientific and practical point of view. More than 2/3 of phosphorus in plant feeds is represented in the form of phytate and in this form the element is only partially absorbed in the poultry body. Accordingly to cover the need for phosphorus in plant diets include inorganic phosphates, animal feed and the enzyme phytase (breaks down phytate). This makes phosphorus the third most expensive feed component after energy and protein. The purpose of the researches was to study the effectiveness of using super dose commercial phytase in feeding of turkey poults. The results of research on the use of high doses of phytase in the diet of turkey poults of cross Hybrid Converter have been presented. It has been found that the use of compound feeds containing the super dose of phytase in the rearing of broiler turkey poults does not have a negative influence on the zootechnical indicators of poultry rearing, meat productivity, and increases the economic indicators of meat production. The results on base the experiment, economic indicators have been calculated. It has been found that the cost of 1 ton of compound feed consumed in the experimental group was less than in the control group by 166,28 rubles or 0,7 %. The use of high doses of phytase in the diet of turkey poults of the experimental group allowed to reduce the cost of growth of 1 kg of live weight by 4,7 % and increase the profitability of meat production.
GROWTH AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY OF LIMOUSIN CATTLE UNDER THE CONDITION OF STABLE SYSTEM IN CENTRAL CHERNOZEMIE REGION OF RUSSIA
Authors: ВЛАСОВА И.В. , ВОСТРОИЛОВ А.В. , САФОНОВ В.А.
Published: September 2020

Проведен анализ роста и мясной продуктивности молодняка лимузинской породы в условиях стойлового содержания Центрально-Черноземной зоны РФ. Для проведения опыта были сформированы 2 группы животных методом пар-аналогов с учетом возраста и живой массы. В работе представлен анализ прижизненной оценки интенсивности роста бычков и телочек по результатам динамики изменения живой массы крупного рогатого скота в возрастном аспекте. Установлено, что за время развития (1—19 мес) бычки превосходили телочек по живой массе на 160,2 кг, или 25,9%. Выявлены особенности развития в различные физиологические периоды. Оценку мясной продуктивности, которая формируется у хорошо развитых животных с крепким костяком и отличной оформленностью мышечной ткани, проводили по результатам контрольного убоя в 19 мес по предубойной живой массе, массе парной туши, выходу туши, массе и выходу внутреннего жира, убойной массе и убойному выходу. Был получен высокий убойный выход (62,0%) за счет более мощного развития мышечной ткани в тушах, что является особенностью мясных пород крупного рогатого скота французской селекции.

The analysis of growth and meat productivity of the growing stock of Limousin cattle under the condition of stable system in Central Chernozemie region of Russia has been carried out. 2 groups of animals were formed according to analogue pair method taking into account their age and live weight to conduct the experiment. The article presents the analysis of intravital assessment of growth intensity of bulls and heifers according to the results of dynamics of live weight change in cattle with regards to age aspect. It was determined that during the time of development (1—19 months) live weight of bulls exceeded that of heifers by 160.2 kg or 25.9%. Special aspects of development during various physiological periods were identified. Evaluation of meat productivity, which is formed in well-developed animals with strong skeletal frame and excellently formed muscular tissue, was carried out according to the results of control slaughter at the age of 19 month taking the following into account: pre-slaughter live weight, hot carcass weight, carcass yield, internal fat weight and yield, slaughter weight, and slaughter yield. High slaughter yield (62.0%) was connected to more pronounced development of muscular tissue in carcasses, which is an individual characteristic of beef breeds of cattle of French breeding.
THE EFFECT OF THE GENE POLYMORPHISM OF GROWTH HORMONE ON THE WEIGHT GROWTH OF HEIFERS
Authors: АМЕРХАНОВ Х.А. , КАЮМОВ Ф.Г. , ТРЕТЬЯКОВА Р.Ф.
Published: September 2020

Изучено влияние однонуклеотидного полиморфизма в гене гормона роста на изменчивость весового роста помесных телок 2-го поколения абердин-ангусской × калмыцкой породы. От рождения до отъема молодняка различия по величине живой массы между носителями разных вариантов генотипа по гену гормона роста были незначительными. В возрасте 1 года превосходство телок с гетерозиготным генотипом достигло 20,8 кг (Р<0,05). На заключительном этапе выращивания (18 мес) преимущество по величине живой массы между подопытными животными увеличилось до максимального значения — 23,9 кг (Р<0,05). За период от 8 до 18 мес разница по среднесуточному приросту составляла 71,4 кг. В целом за период проведения опыта зафиксировано достоверное превосходство носителей желательного аллеля (L) по скорости весового роста на 41,6 кг. Максимальный эффект фактора наследственности на изменчивость живой массы был выявлен в возрасте 12 мес — 28,27% (Р<0,05). В более поздние периоды выращивания влияние генотипа на весовой рост телок несколько ослабло, но по-прежнему достоверно определяло вариабельность весового роста молодняка.

The influence of single-nucleotide polymorphism in the growth hormone gene on the variability of weight growth of mixed heifers of the 2nd generation of the Aberdeen-Angus × Kalmyk breed was studied. From birth to weaning of young animals, the differences in live weight between carriers of different genotype variants for the growth hormone gene were insignificant. At the age of 1 year, the predominance of heifers with a heterozygous genotype reached 20.8 kg (P<0.05). At the final stage of rearing (18 months), the advantage in terms of live weight between the experimental animals increased to a maximum value of 23.9 kg (P<0.05). For the period from 8 to 18 months the difference in average daily gain was 71.4 kg. In general, during the period of the experiment, a significant superiority of carriers of the desired allele (L) in terms of weight growth rate by 41.6 kg was recorded. The maximum effect of the heredity factor on the variability of body weight was revealed at the age of 12 months. — 28.27% (P<0.05). In the later periods of rearing, the influence of the genotype on the weight growth of heifers somewhat weakened, but it still reliably determined the variability in the weight growth of the young.
ПЛЕМЕННЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ МЯСНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА РОССИИ
Authors: ЧИНАРОВ А.В.
Published: September 2020

Представлен краткий анализ состояния племенных ресурсов мясного скотоводства России, проведена сравнительная оценка основных пород по комплексу признаков, характеризующих молочность коров, сохранность и интенсивность роста молодняка. Численность поголовья основных пород рассчитана на основе данных Ежегодников по племенной работе в мясном скотоводстве в хозяйствах Российской Федерации за 2015 и 2018 года по породной структуре и размещению пробонитированного скота по регионам. Племенной скот характеризуется более высоким продуктивным потенциалом по всему комплексу хозяйственно полезных признаков. Доля племенного скота в сельскохозяйственных организациях и К(Ф)Х сократилась с 18,9 до 17,4 %. Среди пород племенного поголовья скота высокой молочностью (220 кг и более) отличаются шаролезская, лимузинская, обрак и абердин-ангусская. Самым высоким выходом телят на 100 коров к отъему характеризуются калмыцкая (86 голов), казахская белоголовая (82 головы), галловейская (79 голов) и абердин-ангусская (71 голова) породы. По интенсивности роста молодняка лучшими показателями обладает скот пород обрак, симментальская мясная, лимузинская, шаролезкая и герефордская. Эти показатели пород имеют существенное различие по регионам, поэтому породное разнообразие является безусловным конкурентным преимуществом мясного скотоводства России.

This article presents the analysis of breeding resources for Russian meat cattle industry and comparative assessment of main breeds by a set of characteristics that characterize the milk production of cows, the safety and growth rate of young animals. Based on data of breeds’ structure and breeding cattle’s placement by region, the number of main breeds’ livestock at the Russian Federation was calculated. To assess the number of main breeds’ livestock, we used the data from Yearbook of breeding work at dairy and meat cattle breeding in the Russian Federation for 2015 and 2018. Breeding livestock is characterized by higher productive potential for the entire range of economically useful features. The share of breeding livestock at agricultural organizations decreased from 18.9 % in 2015 to 17.4 % in 2018. The Charolaise breed, Limousine, Aubrac and Aberdeen Angus are characterized by high milk yield (220 kg or more). The highest yield of calves for weaning per 100 cows have Kalmyk breed (86 heads), Kazakh White-headed (82 heads), Galloway (79 heads) and Aberdeen Angus (71 heads). According to the intensity of young animals’ growth, the best indicators have Aubrac breed, Simmental meat, Charolaise, Limousine and Hereford. These indicators of breeds have a significant difference by region, so the breed diversity is the absolute competitive advantage of meat cattle breeding at Russian Federation.
Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome
Authors: Nguyen Trong Nghia , Nguyen Thi Nhan , Dao Thi Dua
Published: September 2020

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of cardiometabolic risk factors that tend to cluster together in affected individuals more often than predicted by chance. The presence of the metabolic syndrome substantially increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes, many of which are closely associated with aging. Current estimates suggest that approximately 20 - 25% of the world’s population is affected by the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome rises with age and more than 45% of people aged over 60 years have the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies show that low vitamin D status is very common in the world and this is a risk factor of metabolic syndrome.

Objective: (1) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome. (2) Cut off value of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome.

Material and method: A cross-sectional study with control group on 318 adult subjects for health examinations at International Medical Center at Hue Central Hospital, including 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome and control group of 179 healthy subjects. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the IDF, NHLBI, AHA, WHF, IAS, IASO (2009). Plasma hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Reciever operating characteristic (ROC) curve were generated to assess sensitivity and specificity for different cut off value of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predicting metabolic syndrome.

Results: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in subjects with metabolic syndrome was 26.4 ng/ml, incidence of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency (59.7%) was significantly higher than in control group (23.5%) (p < 0.001). The optimal cut off point for 25-OH-D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml (AUC=0.657, sensitivity=53.4%, specificity=71.6%).

Conclusion: In 139 subjects with metabolic syndrome, the plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 26.4 ng/ml and the incidence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the metabolic syndrome group was 59.7%. The optimal cut off point for plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for predictor of metabolic syndrome as 26.4 ng/ml.

Key words: Metabolic syndrome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D
Patients’ Attitude and Feeling Toward the Presence of Medical Students in Educational Clinics
Authors: Abdian Tahere , Hatami Naser , Rahmanian Mozhdeh , Sadeghi Seyed Ebrahim , Kalani Navid , Malekshoar Mehrdad
Published: September 2020

Background: Clinical education calls for the interaction between the patient and the medical learner and considering the significance of the patients’ satisfaction and its role in clinical education to learners. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate patients’ attitudes and feelings toward the presence of medical students in educational clinics. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 274 patients visiting the clinics in 2018, who were selected by the convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the questionnaire of Izadi et al in two parts and then analyzed by SPSS 16. Results: The results showed that the total score of patients’ attitudes toward the presence of the students was 66.3, which was above the expected average score (i.e., 3). In addition, the total score of patients’ feelings toward the presence of the students was 67.3, which was above the expected average score (i.e., 3). Moreover, the average score of female patients’ feelings toward the presence of the students was significantly lower than that of male patients (P<0.05). Eventually, individuals with education levels below diploma and above bachelors were the most and least comfortable about the presence of the students (P<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, patients had a positive feeling and attitude toward the presence of the students in the clinics. These factors need to receive more attention to increase the satisfaction and quality of clinical education.
Adenosine A1 Receptor Antagonist Up-regulates Casp3 and Stimulates Apoptosis Rate in Breast Cancer Cell Line T47D
Authors: Zamani Rarani Mohammad , Zamani Rarani Fahimeh , Valiani Ali , Shrifian Dastjerdi Zeinolabedin , Kargar Abargouei Elias , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Taheri Kafran Asghar , Pourentezari Majid , Saghebray Malihe , Razavi Farnoosh , Hadizadeh Sanaz , Nikbakht Dastjerdi Mehdi
Published: September 2020

Background: Adenosine receptor family, especially A1 type is-overexpressed in breast-derived tumor cells and the P53 gene is mutant in some of these cells while the casps gene is of wild type as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the A1 receptor function on cell programmed death or proliferation, as well as the relationship between this receptor stimulation/inhibition and caspase 3 (casp3) expression in T47D cell line that has a mutant and non-functional P53 gene. Materials and Methods: The expression of casps3 was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and then flow cytometery and MTT assay were used to assess the apoptotic and proliferation cell rate after the treatment of T47D cells with specific agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and antagonist 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX) of this receptor 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. Result: Our results indicated that DPCPX significantly induces apoptosis in T47D cells and the rate of survival cell after the reduction of this treatment, especially 72 hours after treatment. Finally, the expression of casp3 was up-regulated by DPCPX treatment, especially in 72 hours while CPA treatment had opposite results (P>0.05). Conclusion: In general, DPCPX could up-regulate casp3 gene expression and subsequently increase the apoptosis rate in T47D cells with casp3 expression without the P53 gene interference. Therefore, adenosine A1 receptor antagonists may be introduced as anti-cancer agents.
The Effect of Resistance Training on Some Neurotransmitters and Men’s Pulmonary Function After Leaving Addiction
Authors: Akbarpour Mohsen , Fathollahi Shoorabeh Fazlollah , Moradpourian Mohammadreza , Mozaffari Hadi
Published: September 2020

Background: Addiction is now recognized as a global problem facing all countries. Reducing neurotransmitters in addicts is an important barrier to drug addiction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on some neurotransmitters and the pulmonary function of men after quitting the addiction. Materials and Methods: In this regard, 20 subjects were selected as the statistical samples of this research and were randomly divided into control (10 people) and resistance training (10 people) groups. The experimental group performed 3 sessions of circular resistance training for 8 weeks and weekly with 50%-65% intensity in one maximal repeat. Then, the subjects’ blood sample (4 cc blood) was taken in order to study the variables of the research 48 hours before and after the implementation of the protocol. Next, all biochemical variables of dopamine and serotonin were measured by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay. Finally, all statistical calculations were performed using SPSS software, version 16 and P≤0.05 was considered as a significant level. Results: The results of the study showed that 8 weeks of resistance training significantly increased dopamine levels (P=0.0001), serotonin (P=0.0001), maximum ventilation volume (P=0.0001), and vital capacity (P=0.0002). Eventually, the results indicated that 8 weeks of resistance training did not significantly change the forced expiratory volume in seconds (P=0.628). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it seems that 8 weeks of resistance training can increase neurotransmitters and pulmonary function in men who are addicted to drugs, and therefore, it can be used as a non-pharmacological approach to help these people to quit the addiction.
The Effect of Pillbox Use on Medication Adherence Among Elderly Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mehdinia Ashraf , Loripoor Marzieh , Dehghan Mahlagha , Heidari Shahin
Published: September 2020

Background: Poor medication adherence may cause unfortunate consequences such as disease progression and even death, particularly in older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pillbox use on medication adherence among older adults with cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a two-group randomized controlled trial in a clinic in Kerman, Iran in 2017. Participants included seventy patients who were randomly allocated to either a control or an intervention group. The patients in the intervention group were verbally educated to manage their medications using a pillbox for four consecutive weeks while their counterparts received their medications without the use of any drug reminders. Results: The mean score of all participants’ medication adherence was 4.02±2.19 at the beginning of the study. Medication adherence significantly improved in the intervention group during the study (P<0.001) while it remained poor in the control group (P>0.99). Finally, medication adherence was significantly better in the intervention group compared to the control group at the end of the study (P=0.001). Conclusion: In general, pillbox use can promote medication adherence in older adults with cardiovascular diseases thus it is recommended for improving medication adherence and minimizing the consequences of non-adherence.
Hematological Changes, Serum Interferon Gamma and Interleukin-4 Alterations in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia
Authors: Anwar Mawlood Shilan , Mohamed Mahmoud Bakhtiar
Published: September 2020

Background: Various hematological and immunological changes can occur in pregnancy which could be beneficial for the growth of the fetus and the maintenance of the pregnancy although some of these changes could be hazardous to the fetus and can cause complications during pregnancy. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the hematological and immunological changes in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia (PE). Materials and Methods: To this end, hematological and immunological changes were evaluated in 62 normal pregnant women and 56 pregnant women with PE. Moreover, 58 healthy non-pregnant women were studied as the control group. The study was done between December 1, 2018 to May 1, 2019 in Chwarbakh Private Clinic and Shorsh Teaching Hospital. The venous peripheral blood from the antecubital vein was used in this study. Results: The results revealed a significant increase in the number of granulocytes, monocytes, and mean platelet (PLT) volume in both normal pregnant women and PE patients in comparison to normal (non-pregnant) controls (P<0.01). In addition, there was a significant correlation between a reduction in their hematocrit (HCT), PLT, and lymphocytes (P<0.01). With regard to immunological changes, a significant increase was also observed in the serum interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels in both normal pregnancy and preeclamptic patients when compared to non-pregnant controls (P<0.01), but gamma interferon was not significantly different. Conversely, there were no significant associations between the serum level of antiphospholipid antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies in the study groups except for antiphospholipid antibodies which were significantly lower in the third trimester of pregnancy in the preeclamptic patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: In general, significant changes in hematological and immunological parameters were observed in both normal pregnant and PE patients although further studies are required to include more immunological parameters.
Survival Analysis of Patients With High Blood Pressure Until Acute Renal Failure in the SPRINT Study
Authors: Hashemian Amir Hossein , Rezaei Mansour , Attar Armin , Solouki Leila
Published: September 2020

Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is one of the most prevalent diseases which has affected many people in different societies. It is also the cause of several other chronic and fatal diseases. Acute renal failure (ARF) represents an independent risk factor for morbidity, resulting in a prolonged period of hospitalization of the survived patients. Thus, survival analysis of the patients with HBP until ARF and determination of the associated factors are of utmost significance. Materials and Methods: The current research examined the survival of patients with HBP until ARF using the Weibull model. We obtained the data from Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). The studied population included patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP of 130-180 mm Hg). The follow-up median was 3.26 years in our study. Results: Out of a total of 842 patients, 590 subjects (70.1%) were male and 252 subjects (29.9%) were female. Moreover, from these 842 patients, 85 (4.5%) died of cardiovascular diseases, 298 (15.7%) were diagnosed with ARF, and 459 (54.5%) were censored. According to the outcomes of the Weibull model of competing risks, the indexes of gender, albumin/creatinine ratio in urine, glomerular filtration rate, and being in the category of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were effective factors associated with the survival of patients. Conclusion: According to the outcomes of this study, controlling blood pressure can greatly reduce the incidence of kidney failure.
Pregnant Women and Infants Infected with SARS-COV-2: A Brief Overview
Authors: Delashoub Omolbanin , Jafari Salman , Hajializadeh Mohammad Saleh , Abdollahi Hamid , Afzalipour Reza
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global health concern and a wide range of people are at risk. Pregnant women are considered high-risk groups due to hormonal changes and weakness in the immune system. In the present study, the transmission of COVID-19 from mother to fetus and infection of children under the age of 10 with this virus were discussed. This study tries to investigate whether the coronavirus can be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her fetus and whether the virus can be transmitted to the baby through breast milk. According to researchers, children under the age of 10 do not get the disease; however, the first case of a baby with coronavirus was reported in Mashhad, Iran, based on the world’s up-to-date studies and the perceptions of medical experts.
Balıkesir, Düzce ve Kütahya’ daki Anadolu Mandalarında Bazı Çevre Faktörlerinin Büyüme ve Laktasyon Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: ERGÜNEŞ BERKİN Ebru , KÜÇÜKKEBABÇI Mustafa , KAPTAN Cüneyt
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada, 2013-2017 yılları arasında Balıkesir, Düzce ve Kütahya'da yürütülen Anadolu Mandasının Halk Elinde Islahı Ülkesel Projesinden elde edilen veriler kullanılarak doğum, 6. ay ve 12. ay canlı ağırlıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Yıl heterojenite kaynağı, il faktör, cinsiyet ise kovaryet olarak kullanılmıştır. Yıl, il ve kovaryet ilgilenilen ağırlıklar üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (P <0,001). 12. ay canlı ağırlık üzerine ilk 3 yılın etkisi bulunmazken, son iki yılda olan artış ise, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (P<0,001) bulunmuştur. Aynı illere ait toplam 5721 laktasyon verisi değerlendirilmiş olup il, doğum mevsimi ve yılların laktasyon süt verimi ve laktasyon süresi üzerine etkisi incelenmiş ve tüm interaksiyonların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu durumda sadece ana etkiler yorumlanmıştır. Doğumların %40,61’i ilkbahar, %37,39’u yaz %22,01’ i ise diğer aylarda gerçekleşmiştir. İl, doğum mevsimi ve yılların, laktasyon süt verimi ve laktasyon süresi üzerine etkisi istatistiki olarak önemli (P<0,001) bulunmuştur. Laktasyon süt verimi ve laktasyon süresi en uzun olan mevsim, kışın doğum yapan mandalardadır. Bu mandalarda, laktasyonun başında süt verimi düşükken, ilkbaharın gelmesi ile birlikte meranın canlanması, süt verimini arttıran faktörlerden biridir. Yıllar itibariyle laktasyon süt verimi ve süresinde dalgalanmalar görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada bazı çevre faktörlerinin, büyüme özellikleri, laktasyon süt verimi ve süresi üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu faktörlerin kullanılması ile birlikte oluşturulması muhtemel seleksiyon programının, etkilerinin olumlu yönde olacağı düşünülmektedir. İlerde yapılacak çalışmalarda, diğer verim ve performans parametrelerinin eklenmesi suretiyle de yeni seleksiyon programları da oluşturulabilir.
Aristóteles y Epicuro: dos modelos éticos para pensar la Philía
Authors: Navarro Fernando
Published: September 2020

La philía ha sido un objeto eminente de la reflexión filosófica, particularmente, en la filosofía griega. Se trataría de un tema examinado de manera singular por la ética y con un carácter más problemático por la política. El propósito de este trabajo es examinar el significado filosófico de la philía en el pensamiento de Aristóteles y de Platón. En este sentido esperamos hacer visibles la continuidad y el enriquecimiento de este concepto tan importante para la ética y la política
Dalla-Corte Caballero, Gabriela; Vázquez Recalde, Fabricio. La conquista y ocupación de la frontera del Chaco entre Paraguay y Argentina. Los indígenas tobas y pilagás y el mundo religioso en la Misión Tacaaglé del río Pilcomayo (1900–1950)
Authors: Oliva Gerstner Laura
Published: September 2020

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Junta Consultiva y Comisiones Investigadoras en la Provincia de Buenos Aires: usos de la escala para pensar el conflicto peronismo-antiperonismo
Authors: Ferreyra Silvana Gabriela
Published: September 2020

Este artículo intenta reflexionar en la intersección entre dos tópicos: las historias provinciales/locales y los estudios sobre antiperonismo en la “libertadora”. El punto de partida es el análisis de la Junta Consultiva y las Comisiones Investigadoras en la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El objetivo principal es apreciar en distintas dimensiones la radicalidad del conflicto peronismo-antiperonismo durante la “revolución libertadora.” Por un lado, identificamos similitudes y diferencias en las alianzas políticas de los distintos niveles administrativos bonaerenses con respecto al gobierno nacional. Nos encontramos con un escenario complejo y heterogéneo que evidencia tramas alternativas al binomio peronismo-antiperonismo. Por otro lado, analizamos los expedientes de las comisiones investigadoras para estudiar la recepción de las políticas “desperonizadoras” entre la “gente ordinaria”. En esta línea, proponemos una mirada microanalítica que resalta la intensidad del conflicto. Las denuncias de las comisiones muestran cruces entre lo personal y lo político y evidencian la tensión social que una década de peronismo había instalado a “ras de suelo”. En definitiva, el artículo pretende constituirse en un pequeño laboratorio de trabajo para testear usos diversos de la escala en los estudios provinciales.
PENERAPAN TEKNIK MIND MAPPING DALAM PENGAJARAN PENULISAN ESAI SASTRA BERBAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Murtiningrum Afina
Published: September 2020

Some difficulties faced by students in writing a literary essay are the abilities to find the appropriate topics for the essay, develop the content paragraph structure and length in writing, and achieve cohesion and coherence. This research aims at implementing mind-mapping technique in writing a literary essay. The subjects of this research were the third semester students of English Literature Study Program at Sultan Agung Islamic University in Semarang. Observation and documentation were used to collect data in which the coherence and cohesion were analyzed. The findings show that mind-mapping technique gives significant impact to students’ abilities in writing a literary essay.
TELAAH PARADIGMA KEILMUAN: Kajian Pandangan Tokoh Tentang Paradigma Keilmuan
Authors: Milla Nurul , Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: September 2020

Paradigm is a fundamental image of a subject matter from a standpoint of science. Paradigm provides a groove about something that should be studied, what questions that should be presented and what rules that should be followed in that answer of argumentation. Therefore, the paradigm is like a frame that used by peoples to observe the world with their insight (world-view). This study only limited the discussion in the scientific paradigm in the perspectives of Descartes, Camto, Bacon, John Stuart Mill.
HUKUM EKONOMI DAN BISNIS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Subaidi Subaidi
Published: September 2020

Economic has developed the forms of electronic transactions with the advancement of technology. That is the form of commitment or legal relationship that becomes a trending topic as an online contract. Certainly, it is done by electronically networking of information system technology. E-commerce is the transaction that has been switched implementation, from an authorized signature in the paper as document transactions, into electronic transactions document without a paper and signature, so it is proof of the validity of the transaction. It is happens in the event of a legal corporate transplantation in the law institutions. In this case, the body is in the form of law while his feet still rests on the top of the law, which in many cases this transplant is applicable. As a result, has developed a new legal bussiness institutions that were not regulated previously in the Indonesian legal system, which in theÂ  implementation often cause conflicts or disputes, which in this case is known as a commmercial disputes. Corporation or company is the important legal order, consider the fairly rapid business growth and also consider the case of disputes that require certainly and definitely of legal institution for the organization. Therefore, business law and corporate law is needed in practice.