bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of periodic structure with a different shape element on the torsional wave
Authors:   Changwon National University, I Boris ,   Changwon National University, Lee Jaesun
Published: December 2022

Periodic structure is wildly used in metamaterial design in different fields. It has great potential in NDE and SHM fields due to different features, like focusing, bandgap, direction manipulation, and mode selection. First fundamental torsional mode T(0,1) can be focused by adding periodic structure based on phononic crystals and gradient index refraction. In the present study influence of the periodic structure with different element shape on torsional wave is discussed. Eigenfrequency analysis was performed for different configurations of the periodic structure by using the finite element method and floquet boundary condition. Dispersion curves for the torsional wave were obtained as an analysis result. Propagating wave creates a local resonance which leads to the bandgaps between modes and the first torsional mode T(0,1) becomes dispersive. The influence of the configuration on the dispersion curves is shown. Additionally mentioned that negative group velocity can be achieved.
Teacher Role as Professional Educator in School Environment
Authors: Dirsa Andika , Anggreni BP Silvia , Diananseri Chanti , Setiawan Ilham
Published: December 2022

Teachers play an essential and strategic role in education. This is because the teacher is a component of education and is at the forefront of carrying out educational goals. This educational component impacts improving the quality of teaching and students' character in schools. The teacher works directly with students to instil science and technology and instil positive values ​​by leading and setting good examples. The method in this study uses a qualitative approach with the type of library research, in which the researcher collects data from literary sources such as books and journals and utilizes online sites and other relevant references. Related. After data analysis, it can be concluded that the teacher plays an essential role in school and society. From the point of view of society, teachers are people who provide education in a particular field. Teachers have a respectable position in society. Starting from his position as a teacher, he must show the correct behaviour as a teacher and make it the norm in all situations inside and outside the school according to society's expectations.
UNIA EUROPEJSKA – KRUCHA CZY WZMOCNIONA?
Authors: Grosse Tomasz Grzegorz
Published: December 2022

Pośród korzyści, jakie przyniosła integracja europejska, znajdują się m.in.: dostęp dorynku wewnętrznego, zarządzanie funduszami rozwojowymi w ramach polityki spójności, poprawabezpieczeństwa geopolitycznego. W ostatnim czasie walory integracji podważyły kolejne kryzysydotykające UE oraz nieodpowiednia polityka antykryzysowa Brukseli oraz Berlina i Paryża.Daje się łatwo wykazać, że obecnie najwięcej szkody UE przynoszą odgórnie narzucane demokracjomnarodowym lewicowe zasady organizowania sfery publicznej, którym zdecydowanie należysię przeciwstawiać, aby UE nie tylko utrzymać, ale również rzeczywiście wzmocnić.
Analisis Komparatif SBSN dengan SUN dalam Menangani Defisit APBN
Authors: Alifah Eba Ismi
Published: December 2022

Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji dan membandingkan keefektifan instrumen negara berupa SBSN dan SUN dalam membiayai defisit APBN. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu metode kualitatif studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil pengamatan menyatakan bahwa kedua instrumen tersebut memiliki fungsi utama untuk menutup defisit APBN, nmaun keduanya memiliki karakterter yang sangat berbeda. Seperti pada tahap perencanaan penerbitan, sukuk memerlukan underlying asset sedangkan obligasi tidak perlu. Namun obligasi memiliki resiko terhadap tingkat suku bunga sedangkan sukuk tidak memilikinya dikarenakan setiap penerbitan sukuk harus terbebas dari unsur riba, gharar, dan maysir. Namun keduanya sama-sama efektif dalam membantu pemerintah dalam menangani defisit APBN. Kedua instrumen tersebut mampu menyerap dana dari masyarakat yang belum tersentuh oleh lembaga keuangan lainnya. Meskipun tingkat pertumbuhan sukuk masih lebih lambat daripada obligasi. Keberadaan sukuk dapat menjadikan alternatif instrumen investasi kepada masyarakat yang bebas bunga.
Perspektif Jual Beli Online dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan KUHPerdata
Authors: Adi Fajarwati Kusuma
Published: December 2022

Bisnis toko online adalah bisnis yang marak terjadi di Era sekarang selain memudahkan jual beli juga memudahkan jarak yang jauh untuk menjadi dekat. Transaksi menjadi lebih mudah dijangkau. Hal tersebut jika dilakukan sesuai dengan Hukum Islam yaitu Al-Quran Dan Hadits serta harus disesuaikan dengan Hukum Negara khususnya sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-Undang-Undangan yang berlaku yaitu sesuai dengan KUHPerdata Pasal 1457 dan Pasal 1458. Karena dengan adanya dasar tersebut maka diharapkan penjual dan pembeli melakukan transaksi jual belinya dengan baik dan sesuai dengan aturan yang diberlakukan. Kecurangan serta penipuan juga semakin bisa diminimalkan. Penjualan bisa dilakukan tanpa kendala jarak dan pembelian juga menjadi lebih aman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penilisan ini adalah dengan metode kuantitatif / kepustakaan (library research) dengan data dukung buku, internet dan jurnal untuk pengumpulan data dan analisis data. Sehingga dengan adanya penulisan ini maka masyarakat diharapkan dapat memilih toko online yang nyata dengan barang dagangannya bukan penipuan dan segala resiko bisa dikomunikasikan kepada penjualnya. Di toko online resmi biasanya terdapat alamat toko online nya yang berisi data tracking sehingga bisa dilakukan retur jika terdapat cacat produk.
Creencias y concepciones docentes de educación superior en enseñanza remota en el contexto de COVID-19
Authors: Ricardo Carmen , Vieira Camilo
Published: December 2022

Existen diferentes factores que afectan la experiencia tanto de docentes como de estudiantes en un contexto de educación superior en línea o educación mediada por TIC. Estos factores pueden verse afectados positiva o negativamente como resultado de una experiencia de implementación de educación remota. Este es un riesgo aún mayor cuando, como en el caso de la emergencia sanitaria, los docentes se ven obligados a llevar sus ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales a una modalidad en línea o remota sin suficiente preparación o tiempo para hacerlo. Este estudio busca explorar cómo cambian las creencias de los docentes y sus concepciones sobre la enseñanza en línea como resultado de su experiencia en modalidad remota por la emergencia sanitaria en una institución de educación superior colombiana. Para esto, se utiliza un diseño de pretest-postest que identifica cómo cambian los factores asociados a la autoeficacia tecnológica-pedagógica, la actitud hacia una práctica reflexiva, las percepciones de apoyo institucional, y las concepciones sobre la enseñanza en línea, y en qué medida la experiencia de los docentes durante su implementación de modalidad remota influye en estos cambios. Los resultados sugieren un incremento en la autoeficacia tecnológica-pedagógica y una disminución en la percepción sobre el apoyo institucional, mientras que los cambios en las concepciones sobre la evaluación mediada por TIC se ven afectados por las experiencias docentes durante la modalidad remota.
HyFlex: Enseñar y aprender de modo híbrido y flexible en la educación superior
Authors: Area Moreira Manuel , Bethencourt-Aguilar Anabel , Martín-Gómez Sebastián
Published: December 2022

Este artículo analiza una experiencia en educación superior basada en el modelo o enfoque denominado HyFlex (híbrido y flexible) que fue desarrollada durante tres cursos académicos (2019, 2020, 2021). A diferencia de otros planteamientos de HyFlex, donde la enseñanza presencial es retransmitida online y el alumnado elige si asistir al aula física o participar telemáticamente, en esta experiencia lo híbrido consistió en la combinación de sesiones de clase presenciales con el trabajo autónomo de los alumnos en un aula virtual de modo asíncrono. Asimismo la flexibilidad se basó en la libre elección por parte de los alumnos de la modalidad o estrategia de aprendizaje a seguir (por proyectos frente a unidades de estudio). Para realizar el estudio se utilizó una metodología de análisis descriptivo apoyada en el método de encuesta de opinión y en el análisis de las calificaciones de rendimiento académico obtenidas por los estudiantes. Los resultados muestran un alto grado de satisfacción y valoración positiva por parte del alumnado. También se ha identificado que existe un alto nivel de rendimiento académico con independencia del itinerario elegido. Se concluye que este modelo HyFlex tiene el potencial para ser transferido y aplicado a las asignaturas de las titulaciones presenciales que quieran transformarse digitalmente.
Creencias e integración de recursos digitales: un estudio con docentes universitarios de Ciencias de la Salud
Authors: Estévez Iris , Souto-Seijo Alba , Jorrín-Abellán Iván
Published: December 2022

El papel de la tecnología en la actualidad se presume incuestionable en todas las esferas de la actividad humana y, especialmente, en el escenario educativo. A pesar de esto se advierte una limitada o exigua integración de estas herramientas en el contexto de educación superior. Así pues, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar: a) las creencias que posee el profesorado universitario del ámbito de Ciencias de la Salud sobre la presencia de los recursos digitales en su entorno laboral; y b) el papel que juegan esos recursos en el proceso de actualización profesional y en el desempeño docente de este colectivo. Este estudio se ha enmarcado en la tradición de investigación de Estudio de Caso. Concretamente, han participado cinco docentes universitarios de la Universidade da Coruña que han obtenido la calificación de excelente en el Programa Docentia. La técnica de recogida de datos empleada fue la entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos fueron analizados con el apoyo del programa Atlas.ti (v.8.1). Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que el profesorado concibe las tecnologías digitales, por lo general, como un elemento positivo en su entorno profesional. Los participantes consideran que poseen un nivel de competencia digital medio y son conscientes de sus carencias formativas en torno al uso de herramientas digitales, sobre todo en lo que respecta a la creación y edición de contenido.
Perilaku pemilihan pakan plastik dan respons biologi imago kumbang Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Mahdianto Choirul , Buchori Damayanti , Ratna Endang Sri
Published: December 2022

Kumbang Tenebrio molitor L. berpotensi sebagai pengurai plastik. Plastik juga dapat terdegradasi oleh paparan sinar matahari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memelajari perilaku pemilihan pakan dan respon biologis kumbang T. molitor yang dipaparkan pada berbagai jenis plastik. Tujuh jenis plastik, yaitu bioplastik (Bio), expanded styrofoam (EPS), oxo-biodegradable (Oxo), dan ketiga plastik Bio-P, EPS-P dan Oxo-P yang telah dipaparkan pada sinar matahari, serta kontrol berupa campuran pollard dan irisan wortel diujikan pada imago kumbang T. molitor berumur empat hari. Uji pemilihan pakan metode choice feeding dilakukan pada siang dan malam hari dengan melepas 200 dan 300 individu kumbang di tengah cawan petri berdiameter ±15 cm, bersekat 7 ruangan menjari, yang kemudian diamati pergerakannya hingga 24 jam. Uji respons biologi melalui metode force feeding dilakukan dengan melepas 10 kumbang jantan dan betina dalam sebuah cawan petri berisi jenis pakan uji diuraikan di atas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan pollard paling banyak dikunjungi oleh sekitar 32–39% populasi kumbang. Pada perlakuan pakan tanpa pollard, 20% kumbang memilih plastik EPS, EPS-P, dan Bio. Kumbang bertahan hidup 23 dan 40 hari, masing-masing pada pakan Bio dan Bio-P. Produksi telur oleh kumbang yang diberi pakan Bio dan Bio-P adalah 2 dan 3 butir/betina/10 hari. Sekitar 85% pakan pollard yang dikonsumsi kumbang berkontribusi terhadap penambahan 5% berat tubuhnya. Sekitar 58–64% pakan Bio, Bio-P, EPS, EPS-P dan 6–12% Oxo, Oxo-P berhasil dikonsumsi kumbang. Penurunan berat tubuh terjadi pada seluruh kumbang yang diberi perlakuan pakan plastik, berkisar antara 13–28%.
Examining the Effects of Empowerment on Intellectually Disabled Females in Al-Jouf Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Adel
Published: December 2022

Background: Females’ empowerment is prominent in ascertaining economic growth and development. Concerning intellectually disabled females, the impotent charges are because they often face discrimination in education, the workplace, and society and become victims of abuse, neglect, and sexual violence. However, despite being a crucial topic of social interest, the studies in this specific field are limited, especially in Saudi Arabia.

Aim of the Study: The present research has examined the effects of empowerment on intellectually disabled females in Saudi Arabia.

Method: The research employed semi-structured interviews with 18 respondents, including four education workers, social development workers, and intellectually disabled females. The interview responses have been further analysed and evaluated with the help of thematic analyses.

Results and Conclusion: The findings suggest an increased need to empower females in Saudi for poverty reduction, increased literacy rates, ensure educated and socially responsible citizens, happier families, and a violence-free society. Intellectually disabled females are often neglected, abandoned, and sexually ally harassed. Hence, it is essential to empower such females to protect themselves from discrimination and exercise human rights, laws, and policies equally. The results indicate that empowering intellectually disabled females positively affects society by decreasing violence, addressing poverty, and building a healthier, socially responsible, and educated future. Hence, the Saudi government should make disability inclusion for organisations a priority.
ИРОНИЧЕСКОЕ ВЫСКАЗЫВАНИЕ КАК КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЕВАЯ ТАКТИКА: НА ОСНОВЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ДИСКУРСА
Authors:   Ивановский государственный химико-технологический университет, Мощева Светлана Васильевна
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена изучению полифункционального характера иронии на материале англоязычного политического дискурса. Автор рассматривает иронию как экспрессивный речевой акт, который отражает эмоциональную реакцию на ситуацию и связан с психологическим мироощущением говорящего. Проведенное исследование дает основание утверждать, что анализируемые речевые акты, как косвенная тактика передачи интенции продуцента, эксплицируют ряд функций, а именно: аттрактивную, персуазивную, интенсификации речевого поведения.
КРУШЕНИЕ ГЕРМАНСКОГО БЛИЦКРИГА ПОД МОСКВОЙ
Authors:   Ивановский государственный химико-технологический университет, Столбов Вячеслав Павлович
Published: December 2022

В статье, по материалам исторических источников, мемуаров немецких, британских и американских военных, политиков и историков, рассматриваются вопросы истории Великой Отечественной войны, связанные с битвой под Москвой, первого крупного сражения между германским вермахтом и войсками РККА. Оно происходило в двух военных операциях: оборона Москвы и Подмосковья (30 сентября – начало декабря 1941 года) и контрнаступление под Москвой (5-6 декабря 1941 года – 20 апреля 1942 года). Результаты этого сражения имели большое значение для СССР, стран формирующейся антигитлеровской коалиции и находящихся под оккупационным режимом фашистской Германии. Результаты Московского сражения сказались на морально-психологическом состоянии немецких войск и германского генералитета, разрушив в их сознании миф о непобедимости «победоносной армии вермахта». Большую роль в победе над войсками вермахта под Москвой сыграла деятельность ГКО, патриотизм и самопожертвование советских людей в боевой обстановке и в тылу, военно-технические поставки по ленд-лизу. Это сражение привело к большим потерям в живой силе противника. Безвозвратные потери Советского Союза также были велики: в сражениях за столицу был убит каждый пятый военнослужащий от общего числа погибших за четыре года войны на всех её фронтах, или — каждый четвертый боец, защищавший столицу (25,3% от общего количества военнослужащих, участвовавших в битве). Уроки Московского сражения свидетельствовали о единстве фронта и тыла в СССР в борьбе с агрессором, многонациональном единении советского народа перед лицом опасности.
К ИСТОРИИ ФОНЕТИКИ УНИВЕРСАЛИЙ
Authors:   Ивановский государственный университет, Вишневская Галина Михайловна
Published: December 2022

Вопросы поиска универсалий, типа и специфических свойств языковой системы
“The People Themselves”: Sobre el constitucionalismo popular y su implementación
Authors: Ruiz Ruiz Ramón
Published: December 2022

En este artículo se abordan, por un lado, los principales argumentos que esgrimen los proponentes del constitucionalismo popular para reivindicar que sea la ciudadanía de forma colectiva quien ostente la máxima autoridad a la hora de resolver desacuerdos en relación a la interpretación de la constitución y, por otro, algunos de los procedimientos esbozados por la doctrina para implementar en la práctica el constitucionalismo popular
Fernández Liesa, Carlos Ramón, Oliva Martínez, J. Daniel y Pérez de la Fuente, Oscar (eds.). Inflación y deflación normativa, no1 Colección Gregorio Peces- Barba, Madrid: Dykinson, 2022.
Authors: Del Moral Sánchez Miguel
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Fernández Liesa, Carlos Ramón, Oliva Martínez, J. Daniel y Pérez de la Fuente, Oscar (eds.). Inflación y deflación normativa, no1 Colección Gregorio Peces- Barba, Madrid: Dykinson, 2022.
Sánchez Rubio, David, y Sánchez Bravo, Álvaro (eds.). Derechos humanos y transformación social, Madrid: Dykinson, 2021.
Authors: Mesa León Antonio
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Sánchez Rubio, David, y Sánchez Bravo, Álvaro (eds.). Derechos humanos y transformación social, Madrid: Dykinson, 2021.
Sánchez Muñoz, Cristina (ed.). Violencias de género: entre la guerra y la paz, Medellín: Siglo del Hombre Editores, 2021.
Authors: Campillo Neus
Published: December 2022

Recensión del libro Sánchez Muñoz, Cristina (ed.). Violencias de género: entre la guerra y la paz, Medellín: Siglo del Hombre Editores, 2021.
El fin de la filosofía del derecho
Authors: Hershovitz Scott
Published: December 2022

Por más de 40 años, el debate Hart-Dworkin ha dominado la filosofía del derecho. El debate parte de la premisa de que nuestras prácticas jurídicas generan derechos y obligaciones que son distintivamente jurídicos, y la pregunta en cuestión es cómo se determina el contenido de estos derechos y obligaciones. Los positivitas estipulan que su contenido está determinado en última instancia o exclusivamente por hechos sociales. Los antipositivistas afirman que los hechos morales deben desempeñar un papel en la determinación de su contenido. En este artículo, argumento que el debate se funda en un error. Nuestras prácticas jurídicas no generan derechos y obligaciones que sean distintivamente jurídicos. En el mejor de los casos, generan derechos y obligaciones morales, algunos de los cuales etiquetamos como jurídicos. Defiendo este punto de vista estableciendo analogías con otras prácticas normativas, como hacer promesas, publicar reglas y participar en juegos. Además, trato de explicar por qué parece que las prácticas jurídicas generan derechos y obligaciones distintivamente jurídicos, aunque no lo hagan. Concluyo con algunas reflexiones sobre las preguntas que la filosofía del derecho debería abordar despúes de superar el debate Hart-Dworkin.
Migrated coil and damaged stent removal during coil embolization, using an additional, retrievable stent: A case report
Authors: Noh Hee Seung , Park Sung Chan , Lee Jong Min , Kwon Soon Chan
Published: December 2022

One of the common complications that can occur during coil embolization of cerebral aneurysms, is migration of coil lump alone. The removal of these migrated coils has been reported on a few occasions. On the other hand, rare complications would include the migration of the coil with subsequent stent dislocation. Currently, there is no standardized method to correct the complications of stent dislocation, and very few instances of this complication have been reported previously. In this report, we introduce a case of coil migration combined with stent dislocation. This occurred during coil embolization of an unruptured aneurysm of the distal, left internal carotid artery for a 52-year old woman. We retrieved both the damaged stent and migrated coil using another retrievable stent successfully with no more further complications. In the present report, we describe in detail how we corrected the complication successfully stent, and we discuss why this rescue maneuver is reasonable option for the complication mentioned above.
Self voting classification model for online meeting app review sentiment analysis and topic modeling
Authors: Aslam Naila , Xia Kewen , Rustam Furqan , Lee Ernesto , Ashraf Imran
Published: December 2022

Online meeting applications (apps) have emerged as a potential solution for conferencing, education and meetings, etc. during the COVID-19 outbreak and are used by private companies and governments alike. A large number of such apps compete with each other by providing a different set of functions towards users’ satisfaction. These apps take users’ feedback in the form of opinions and reviews which are later used to improve the quality of services. Sentiment analysis serves as the key function to obtain and analyze users’ sentiments from the posted feedback indicating the importance of efficient and accurate sentiment analysis. This study proposes the novel idea of self voting classification (SVC) where multiple variants of the same model are trained using different feature extraction approaches and the final prediction is based on the ensemble of these variants. For experiments, the data collected from the Google Play store for online meeting apps were used. Primarily, the focus of this study is to use a support vector machine (SVM) with the proposed SVC approach using both soft voting (SV) and hard voting (HV) criteria, however, decision tree, logistic regression, and k nearest neighbor have also been investigated for performance appraisal. Three variants of models are trained on a bag of words, term frequency-inverse document frequency, and hashing features to make the ensemble. Experimental results indicate that the proposed SVC approach can elevate the performance of traditional machine learning models substantially. The SVM obtains 1.00 and 0.98 accuracy scores, using HV and SV criteria, respectively when used with the proposed SVC approach. Topic-wise sentiment analysis using the latent Dirichlet allocation technique is performed as well for topic modeling.
Privacy-preserving solution for vehicle parking services complying with EU legislation
Authors: Dzurenda Petr , Jacques Florian , Knockaert Manon , Laurent Maryline , Malina Lukas , Matulevicius Raimundas , Tang Qiang , Tasidou Aimilia
Published: December 2022

Today, many modern cities adopt online smart parking services as best practices. Citizens can easily access these services using their smartphones or the infotainment panels in their cars. These services’ primary objective is to give drivers the ability to quickly identify free parking slots, which should reduce parking time, save fuel, and relieve traffic in urban areas. However, the privacy offered by these services should be comparable to that of the standard paper-based parking solutions offered by parking ticket machines. On the other hand, a privacy-preserving smart parking service’s design may raise a number of issues, including how to prevent double or multiple uses of parking tickets, how to prevent user tracking and profiling, how to revoke malicious users, how to handle data statistics without violating users’ privacy, and how to comply with regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). In this article, we present multidisciplinary research on a comprehensive vehicle parking system that protects users’ privacy. The research includes a range of topics, from the examination of regulatory compliance to the design of privacy-preserving parking registration and vehicle parking services to the implementation of privacy-preserving parking data processing features for data analysts. We provide a security analysis of our concept as well as several experimental results.
Patients’ Reasons for “No Shows” and Premature Termination of Treatment at an Outpatient Mental Health Program
Authors: Cournoyer Louise , Fugah Patrice
Published: December 2022

One in five Canadians currently experience mental health problems, and although effective psychotherapy treatment is currently available, patients’ decision to end therapy before completing treatment impacts limited resources. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 15 patients who either did not attend a scheduled intake appointment or had dropped out of service prematurely from an outpatient mental health clinic. Overall, the overarching themes identified were overall experience with service and access, multiple factors and external circumstances, experience with group structure, group processes and interactions, and age-related differences. Younger participants shared a need for flexible and spontaneous service.
Impact of Information Sharing on Supply Chain Performance through Supplier Quality Management, Supply Chain Agility, and Supply Chain Innovation
Authors: Setyawan Firmansyah Harry , Siagian Hotlan
Published: December 2022

The study investigated the impact of information sharing on supply chain performance through supplier quality management, supply chain agility, and supply chain innovation. The data collection used a question­naire designed with a 7-point Likert scale in GoogleForm and printed format and distributed through social media, email, WhatsApp, and mail posts. Of the 266 population, as many as 112 responses were received and were considered valid for further processing. The data analysis used the partial least square technique (PLS) utilizing SmartPLS. The analysis showed that information sharing directly affects supplier quality mana­gement, supply chain agility, and supply chain innovation. Furthermore, supply chain agility, supplier quality management, and supply chain innovation directly affect operational performance. The exciting result of this study is the indirect effect of information sharing on operational performance through the mediating role of supply chain agility, supplier quality management, and supply chain innovation. This result offers solutions to practitioners to pursue information sharing, supplier quality management, supply chain agility, and supply chain innovation in improving operational performance. The main theoretical contribution of this research is the mediating role of supply chain agility, supply chain innovation, and supplier quality management toward the relationship between information sharing and operational performance.
Transferability of Alzheimer Disease Polygenic Risk Score Across Populations and Its Association With Alzheimer Disease-Related Phenotypes
Authors: Jung Sang-Hyuk , Kim Hang-Rai , Chun Min Young , Jang Hyemin , Cho Minyoung , Kim Beomsu , Kim Soyeon , Jeong Jee Hyang , Yoon Soo Jin , Park Kyung Won , Kim Eun-Joo , Yoon Bora , Jang Jae-Won , Kim Yeshin , Hong Jin Yong , Choi Seong Hye , Noh Young , Kim Ko Woon , Kim Si Eun , Lee Jin San , Jung Na-Yeon , Lee Juyoun , Lee Ae Young , Kim Byeong C. , Cho Soo Hyun , Cho Hanna , Kim Jong Hun , Jung Young Hee , Lee Dong Young , Lee Jae-Hong , Lee Eek-Sung , Kim Seung Joo , Moon So Young , Son Sang Joon , Hong Chang Hyung , Bae Jin-Sik , Lee Sunghoon , Na Duk L. , Seo Sang Won , Cruchaga Carlos , Kim Hee Jin , Won Hong-Hee
Published: December 2022

Importance

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), which aggregate the genetic effects of single-nucleotide variants identified in genome-wide association studies (GWASs), can help distinguish individuals at a high genetic risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). However, genetic studies have predominantly focused on populations of European ancestry.

Objective

To evaluate the transferability of a PRS for AD in the Korean population using summary statistics from a prior GWAS of European populations.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study developed a PRS based on the summary statistics of a large-scale GWAS of a European population (the International Genomics of Alzheimer Project; 21 982 AD cases and 41 944 controls). This PRS was tested for an association with AD dementia and its related phenotypes in 1634 Korean individuals, who were recruited from 2013 to 2019. The association of a PRS based on a GWAS of a Japanese population (the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology; 3962 AD cases and 4074 controls) and a transancestry meta-analysis of European and Japanese GWASs was also evaluated. Data were analyzed from December 2020 to June 2021.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Risk of AD dementia, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), earlier symptom onset, and amyloid β deposition (Aβ).

Results

A total of 1634 Korean patients (969 women [59.3%]), including 716 individuals (43.6%) with AD dementia, 222 (13.6%) with aMCI, and 699 (42.8%) cognitively unimpaired controls, were analyzed in this study. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 71.6 (9.0) years. Higher PRS was associated with a higher risk of AD dementia independent of APOE ɛ4 status in the Korean population (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.40-2.72; P < .001). Furthermore, PRS was associated with aMCI, earlier symptom onset, and Aβ deposition independent of APOE ɛ4 status. The PRS based on a transancestry meta-analysis of data sets comprising 2 distinct ancestries showed a slightly improved accuracy.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, a PRS derived from a European GWAS identified individuals at a high risk for AD dementia in the Korean population. These findings emphasize the transancestry transferability and clinical value of PRSs and suggest the importance of enriching diversity in genetic studies of AD.
Plasma phosphorylated tau181 predicts cognitive and functional decline
Authors: Tropea Thomas F. , Waligorska Teresa , Xie Sharon X. , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Cousins Katheryn A. Q. , Trojanowski John Q. , Grossman Murray , Irwin David J. , Weintraub Daniel , Lee Edward B. , Wolk David A. , Chen‐Plotkin Alice S. , Shaw Leslie M. ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2022

Objective

To determine if plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p‐tau181) distinguishes pathology‐confirmed Alzheimer's disease (AD) from normal cognition (NC) adults, to test if p‐tau181 predicts cognitive and functional decline, and to validate findings in an external cohort.

Methods

Thirty‐one neuropathology‐confirmed AD cases, participants with clinical diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 91) or AD dementia (N = 64), and NC (N = 241) had plasma collected at study entry. The clinical diagnosis groups had annual cognitive (Mini‐Mental State Examination, MMSE) and functional (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, CDR) measures. NC (N = 70), MCI (N = 75), and AD dementia (N = 50) cases from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were used as a validation cohort. Plasma p‐tau181 was measured using the Quanterix SiMoA HD‐X platform.

Results

Plasma p‐tau181 differentiated pathology‐confirmed AD from NC with negative amyloid PET scans with an AUC of 0.93. A cut point of 3.44 pg/mL (maximum Youden Index) had a sensitivity of 0.77, specificity of 0.96. p‐Tau181 values above the cut point were associated with the faster rate of decline in MMSE in AD dementia and MCI and a shorter time to a clinically significant functional decline in all groups. In a subset of MCI cases from ADNI, p‐tau181 values above the cut point associated with faster rate of decline in MMSE, and a shorter time to a clinically significant functional decline and conversion to dementia.

Interpretation

Plasma p‐tau181 differentiates AD pathology cases from NC with high accuracy. Higher levels of plasma p‐tau181 are associated with faster cognitive and functional decline.
Engineered Sandwich‐Structured Composite Wound Dressings with Unidirectional Drainage and Anti‐Adhesion Supporting Accelerated Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Haipeng , Duan Wu , Ren Zhongjing , Li Xinxin , Ma Wenjie , Guan Yingchun , Liu Fuqiang , Chen Li , Yan Peng , Hou Xinguo
Published: December 2022

Proper management of exudate is of great clinical value for reducing wound infection and promoting wound healing, thus various dressings have been studied to address this widespread medical challenge. Herein, a novel sandwich‐structured composite wound dressing (SCWD), integrating of a superlyophobic (SLO) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer, a superlyophilic gauze layer, and a lyophobic PDMS layer is presented, with particular unidirectional droplet drainage and stable anti‐adhesion capabilities, which realizes effective management of wound exudate and provides a favorable environment for wound healing. Thanks to the stable SLO property on the PDMS surface with hierarchical micro/nanostructures, the continuously accumulated wound exudate at the interface between dressing and wound surface is gradually deformed, eventually passing through SLO PDMS layer through milli‐scale channels and being absorbed by gauze layer. Experimental results show that the application of SCWD can significantly reduce the occurrence of wound infection, avoid the tearing of wound tissues when replacing dressings, and accelerate wound healing by ≈20%. The combination of SCWD and lyophilized powders of stem cells supernatant (LPSCS) is verified to better accelerate the healing process. The proposed method offers great potential in clinical applications, particularly for acute trauma wound treatments.
In Situ Polymer‐Imprinted Architecture of Textured Perovskite Single‐Crystal Sheets for Ultraweak‐Light Photodetection
Authors: Li Panpan , Huang Wenjun , Xu Wenchao , Wei Xiangfeng , Chen Yudan , Meng Fancheng , Deng Weiqiao , Liu Jiehua
Published: December 2022

A facile double flexible interfacial imprinting method is reported to obtain the cubic single‐crystal CH3NH3PbBr3 sheets with in situ polymer patterns by capillary effect. The imprinted CH3NH3PbBr3 sheets offer good crystallinity and light‐trapping structure. As a result, the textured single‐crystal photodetector exhibits the superior responsivity of 63.0 A W−1, external quantum efficiency of 1.50 × 104%, and detectivity D* of 8.12 × 1012 Jones under 520 nm irradiations with a weak power density of 0.54 µW cm−2 at 3 V, which are more than 4200% and 80000% higher than those of the photodetector based on single‐crystal bulk and polycrystalline film, respectively. The exciting ultraweak‐light photoelectric performance is achieved due to the good light trapping and high carrier collection. Especially, the photodetector also exhibits excellent self‐powered performance.
Reconfigurable Metasurface of Magnetoplasmonic Microbundle Array for Chiral Signal Enhancing
Authors: Gwak Juyong , Nguyen Huu‐Quang , Jeong Ki‐Jae , Kim Youngmi , Park Se Jeong , Choi Youngeun , Goddati Mahendra , Tufa Lemma Teshome , Tang Zhiyong , Lee Jaebeom
Published: December 2022

Novel design of flexible chiral metasurface has been attractive to control electromagnetic dynamics for fabricating integrated enantiomeric sensing devices. In this article, a reconfigurable metasurface decorated with planar magnetoplasmonic microbundle arrays of Au@Fe3O4 core‐shell nanowires (NWs) on polydimethylsiloxane film is fabricated. Its chiroptical property is willingly manipulated by skew angle (θ), that is, the angle between applied magnetic field vector (B) and tangent vector (T) of a curved metasurface. Interestingly, the as‐prepared NW metasurface presents many internal skew angles (θin) among respective NWs at nanoscale as well as additional external skew angle (θex) among arrays at microscale, extraordinarily enhancing chiroptical signal compared to other nanosphere or single NW arrays where lack of θin is observed. Computational simulation proves the disruption of the symmetry via distinct θin and θex of the aligned microbundle array. In addition, the optical chirality induced by θin could be analysed by magnetic circular dichroism (MCD). These results suggest a strategy to implement spectacle lenses with circular polarizer capabilities and the fabricated metafilm specifically modulates the absorption of circularly polarized light and can become a novel universal means to produce flexible devices for further signal enhancing at nanoantennas and biosensors.
Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: Spreading and Permeation of Multiple Micron Droplets in Porous Media
Authors: Hu Ankai , Huang Yanlu , Chen Zhiyi , Yang Yongqiang , Xu Yuxin , Wang Tianyu
Published: December 2022

The penetrating behavior of binder droplets has a substantial effect on the dimensional correctness and strength of the manufactured components. In this article, a physical model and a mathematical model of multiphase flow are created, computationally computed, and experimentally validated to predict the spreading and penetration behavior of multi‐drop binder in a powder bed. The findings indicate: 1) The spreading diameter and penetration depth of the binder increase as the number of droplets grows. However, the size of the rise reduces as the number of droplets grows. 2) The binder is spread symmetrically in the powder bed, with greater saturation in the middle area than margins on both sides, and a higher saturation in the upper region than the lower. 3) Repeated drops of binder in various areas may improve the saturation of the peripheral region while ensuring that the core area is not oversaturated. 4) It is discovered that as the number of ink jet drops rises, the size of the sample grows, and the growth in sample size reduces with the number of ink jet drops. This paper's findings provide light on the mechanics behind light‐cured binder jet additive manufacturing.
Subsequent cholecystectomy improve recurrent biliary event‐free survival in high‐risk acute cholecystitis patients after gallbladder drainage
Authors: Wang Chi‐Chih , Su Chang‐Cheng , Huang Yen‐Pin , Huang Wen‐Hsin , Tsai Tsung‐Yu , Sung Wen‐Wei , Yang Tzu‐Wei , Lin Jaw‐Town , Lin Chun‐Che , Yen Hsu‐Heng , Tsai Ming‐Chang
Published: December 2022

Cholelithiasis is a disease with increasing prevalence over the decades. Gallbladder drainage (GBD) is an alternative choice in critically ill patients who cannot tolerate early surgery for acute cholecystitis. In previous data, early or delayed cholecystectomy (CCY) leads to less recurrent biliary events (RBEs) comparing to using a wait‐and‐see strategy. We wondered if a subsequent CCY strategy after GBD can benefit patients with high surgical risk. This study aimed to explore the clinical outcome after percutaneous transhepatic GBD and risk factors for RBEs. We studied 180 adult acute cholecystitis patients who received percutaneous transhepatic GBD during index admission between July 2017 and December 2018 in Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and Changhua Christian Hospital after exclusion of patients died during the index admission or lost follow‐up within 30 days. We further divided these patients into those who received subsequent CCY within 2 months and those who received no CCY within 2 months. RBEs, mortality, and biliary event‐related mortality were compared. Multivariate analysis was applied to find the most important factors of RBE‐free survival. There were 8 cases (13.6%) in the subsequent CCY group that experienced recurrent biliary events, whereas 39 cases (32.2%) experienced recurrent biliary events in the no CCY within 2 months group. The proportion and average recurrent biliary events per person were all significantly lower in the subsequent CCY group. Although the overall mortality rate was higher in the group that had no CCY within 2 months (16.5% vs 5.1%), the RBE‐related mortality difference was insignificant. The most decisive factor to determine RBE‐free survival is whether there was a subsequent CCY or not (HR: 0.485, 95% CI: 0.250‐0.941, P = .032). We found that subsequent CCY can decrease further RBEs and improve RBE‐free survival in high‐risk patients with acute cholecystitis that accepted percutaneous transhepatic GBD initially.
Fast Generation of 2N‐Photon Fock States using Shortcuts to Adiabaticity and Ultrastrong Light–Matter Coupling
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Dong , Wang Sheng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Tian‐Bing , Chen Ye‐Hong , Qin Wei , Ning Yu , Xia Yan
Published: December 2022

By using shortcuts to adiabatic (STA) method, the proposal is to implement a fast multi‐photon down‐conversion, which can rapidly create 2N photons from the quantum vacuum based on the counter‐rotating effect of an ultrastrong light–matter coupling. The energy for the produced photons is given by a high‐frequency pump field. The STA method is used to design the driving fields to induce a rapid population transfer. Such an accelerated evolution can restrain the influence of decoherence during the evolution, so as to generate Fock states from vacuum with high fidelities.
Gradient Graphdiyne Induced Copper and Oxygen Vacancies in Cu0.95V2O5Anodes for Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Fan , An Juan , Shen Han , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Guoxing , Li Yuliang
Published: December 2022

Vacancies can significantly affect the performance of metal oxide materials. Here, a gradient graphdiyne (GDY) induced Cu/O‐dual‐vacancies abundant Cu0.95V2O5@GDY heterostructure material has been prepared as a competitive fast‐charging anode material. Cu0.95V2O5self‐catalyzes the growth of gradient GDY with rich alkyne‐alkene complex in the inner layer and rich alkyne bonds in the outer layer, leading to the formation of Cu and O vacancies in Cu0.95V2O5. The synergistic effect of vacancies and gradient GDY results in the electron redistribution at the hetero‐interface to drive the generation of a built‐in electric field. Thus, the Li‐ion transport kinetics, electrochemical reaction reversibility and Li storage sites of Cu0.95V2O5are greatly enhanced. The Cu0.95V2O5@GDY anodes show excellent fast‐charging performance with high capacities and negligible capacity decay for 10 000 cycles and 20 000 cycles at extremely high current densities of 5 A g−1and 10 A g−1, respectively. Over 30 % of capacity can be delivered in 35 seconds.
How do autistic people fare in adult life and can we predict it from childhood?
Authors: Forbes Gordon , Kent Rachel , Charman Tony , Baird Gillian , Pickles Andrew , Simonoff Emily
Published: December 2022

This study describes social, mental health, and quality of life outcomes in early adulthood, and examines childhood predictors in the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP), a longitudinal population‐based cohort. Young autistic adults face variable but often substantial challenges across many areas of life. Prediction of outcomes is important to set expectations and could lead to the development of targeted early intervention. Autistic children were enrolled at age 12 and parents reported outcomes 11 years later when their children were age 23 (n = 121). Thirty six percent of autistic adults were in competitive employment or education and 54% had frequent contact with friends. Only 5% of autistic adults were living independently, and 37% required overnight care. Moderate or severe anxiety and depression symptoms were found for 11% and 12% of young adults, respectively. Subjective quality of life was similar to UK averages except for social relationships. Using childhood IQ, autism traits and adaptive functioning meaningful predictions can be made of living situation, employment and education and physical health. Prediction was poor for friendships, mental health outcomes and other aspects of quality of life. Our results suggest that although young autistic adults face challenges across normative, social outcomes, they may be faring better in regard to mental health or quality of life. Childhood IQ, autism traits and adaptive functioning are most useful for predicting outcomes. After accounting for these factors, childhood measurements of behavioral and emotional problems and language offered little improvement in prediction of adult outcomes.
Six Methodological Findings of a Chemical Engineering Scientist through a Lifelong Odyssey
Authors: Horio Masayuki
Published: December 2022

The historical turning point we are now facing is the biggest since the Industrial Revolution. For sustainable social metabolic system development, a transformative change in industrial processes and systems as well as our lifestyles is required. A firm cornerstone for a constructive life, a clear perspective for science and technology, and open mindedness will help us to tackle the big issue of a transformative redesign of our society. Furthermore, for effective change from centralized to decentralized energy systems, it is necessary to empower regional communities. This article presents six features concerning the above issues that are methodologically valuable for researchers and engineers.
Efficient Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Divinyl Monomer by Phosphino‐Phenolate Nickel Catalyst†
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Xu‐ling , Pan Li , Wang Bin , Li Yue‐Sheng
Published: December 2022

Comprehensive Summary

Direct copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers via a coordination‐insertion mechanism appears as the most efficient and attractive method to prepare functionalized polyolefins. Herein, we carried out direct copolymerization of ethylene and allyl acrylate by a bulky phosphino‐phenolate nickel catalyst, in which high‐molecular‐weight copolymers bearing polar five‐membered and six‐membered ring structures were afforded. Comprehensive NMR and FT‐IR analyses revealed multiplex structure of the obtained copolymers, in which both the noncyclic structural units bearing pendant allyl moiety (A) as well as acrylate moiety (B) and the cyclic structural units, γ‐butyrolactones (C) and δ‐valerolactone (D) were found. Exhilaratingly, the content of different structural units of the produced copolymer could be tuned by adjusting the concentration of the comonomer. Moreover, we also proved that the nickel‐based catalyst could produce related copolymers with significantly enhanced copolymer molecular weights in the copolymerization of allyl acrylate and ethylene compared with the palladium‐based catalyst under the same conditions.