bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lipid profile of Trichinella papuae muscle-stage larvae
Authors: Mangmee Suthee , Adisakwattana Poom , Tipthara Phornpimon , Simanon Nattapon , Sonthayanon Piengchan , Reamtong Onrapak
Published: June 2020

Outbreaks of trichinellosis caused by Trichinella papuae have been reported in South-East Asia. Mebendazole and thiabendazole are the treatments of choice for trichinellosis; however, both drugs result in significant side effects and are less effective for muscle-stage larvae (L1). An alternative therapeutic agent is needed to improve treatment. Information on lipid composition and metabolic pathways may bridge gaps in our knowledge and lead to new antiparasitics. The T. papuae L1 lipidome was analysed using a mass spectrometry-based approach, and 403 lipid components were identified. Eight lipid classes were found and glycerophospholipids were dominant, corresponding to 63% of total lipids, of which the glycerolipid DG (20:1[11Z]/22:4[7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z]/0:0) (iso2) was the most abundant. Overall, 57% of T. papuae lipids were absent in humans; therefore, lipid metabolism may be dissimilar in the two species. Proteins involved T. papuae lipid metabolism were explored using bioinformatics. We found that 4-hydroxybutyrate coenzyme A transferase, uncharacterized protein (A0A0V1MCB5) and ML-domain-containing protein are not present in humans. T. papuae glycerophospholipid metabolic and phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation processes contain several proteins that are dissimilar to those in humans. These findings provide insights into T. papuae lipid composition and metabolism, which may facilitate the development of novel trichinellosis treatments.
Small bandgap in atomically precise 17-atom-wide armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Yamaguchi Junichi , Hayashi Hironobu , Jippo Hideyuki , Shiotari Akitoshi , Ohtomo Manabu , Sakakura Mitsuhiro , Hieda Nao , Aratani Naoki , Ohfuchi Mari , Sugimoto Yoshiaki , Yamada Hiroko , Sato Shintaro
Published: June 2020

Bottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) may open new possibilities in future electronic devices owing to their tunable electronic structure, which depends strongly on their well-defined width and edge geometry. For instance, armchair-edged GNRs (AGNRs) exhibit width-dependent bandgaps. However, the bandgaps of AGNRs synthesized experimentally so far are relatively large, well above 1 eV. Such a large bandgap may deteriorate device performance due to large Schottky barriers and carrier effective masses. Here, we describe the bottom-up synthesis of AGNRs with smaller bandgaps, using dibromobenzene-based precursors. Two types of AGNRs with different widths, namely 17 and 13 carbon atoms, were synthesized on Au(111), and their atomic and electronic structures were investigated by scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy. We reveal that 17-AGNRs have the smallest bandgap, as well as the smallest electron/hole effective mass, among bottom-up AGNRs reported so far. The successful synthesis of 17-AGNRs is a significant step toward the development of GNR-based electronic devices.
Thermistors coated with molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for the electrical detection of peptides and proteins
Authors: Betlem K. , Canfarotta F. , Raumbault R. , Banks C. E. , Eersels K. , van Grinsven B. , Cleij T. J. , Crapnell R. , Hudson A. , Peeters M.
Published: June 2020

In this communication, molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) that are produced by solid-phase synthesis are functionalised onto thermistors via dip-coating.
Bioreducible, branched poly(β-amino ester)s mediate anti-inflammatory ICAM-1 siRNA delivery against myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury
Authors: Wang Xiao , Liang Qiujun , Mao Yiming , Zhang Rujing , Deng Qiurong , Chen Yongbing , Zhu Rongying , Duan Shanzhou , Yin Lichen
Published: June 2020

ICAM-1 siRNA delivery mediated by bioreducible, branched BPAE-SS toward the anti-inflammatory treatment of myocardial IR injury.
Viscoelasticity of hydrazone crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels directs chondrocyte morphology during mechanical deformation
Authors: Richardson Benjamin M. , Walker Cierra J. , Macdougall Laura J. , Hoye Jack W. , Randolph Mark A. , Bryant Stephanie J. , Anseth Kristi S.
Published: June 2020

Adaptable dynamic covalent crosslinks temporally modulate the biophysical transmission of physiologically relevant compressive strains to encapsulated chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering.
Formaldehyde tert-butyl hydrazone as a formyl anion equivalent: asymmetric addition to carbonyl compounds
Authors: Matador Esteban , de Gracia Retamosa María , Monge David , Fernández Rosario , Lassaletta José M.
Published: June 2020

Formaldehyde tert-butyl hydrazone, in combination with bifunctional H-bond donor/acceptor organocatalysts, behaves as a neutral formyl anion equivalent in asymmetric nucleophilic formylation of carbonyl compounds.
Near-infrared-II thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liang Qingxin , Xu Jingyi , Xue Jie , Qiao Juan
Published: June 2020

The first thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter and organic light-emitting diodes in the near-infrared II region were realized via intermolecular charge-transfer aggregates.
Amorphous/low-crystalline core/shell-type nanoparticles as highly efficient and self-stabilizing catalysts for alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Wu Yanfang , Zhao Ming , Cao Jing-Pei , Xu Jing , Jin Tienan , Asao Naoki
Published: June 2020

Core/shell-type NPs were fabricated with a low-crystalline Pt–Ni shell as an efficient and self-stabilizing HER catalyst.
Construction and immunogenic studies of a mFc fusion receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein as a subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Qi Xiaoxiao , Ke Bixia , Feng Qian , Yang Deying , Lian Qinghai , Li Zibo , Lu Linlin , Ke Changwen , Liu Zhongqiu , Liao Guochao
Published: June 2020

Herein, we report that a recombinant fusion protein, containing a 457 amino acid SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain and a mouse IgG1 Fc domain, could induce highly potent neutralizing antibodies and stimulate humoral and cellular immunity in mice.
Carbon dioxide and propane nucleation: the emergence of a nucleation barrier
Authors: Krohn Jan , Lippe Martina , Li Chenxi , Signorell Ruth
Published: June 2020

A direct molecular level study of CO2and C3H8nucleation indicates a transition from barrierless to barrier-limited nucleation.
Ruffling drives coproheme decarboxylation by facilitating PCET: a theoretical investigation of ChdC
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Junkai , Yuan Chang , Liu Wei , Tan Hongwei , Li Xichen , Chen Guangju
Published: June 2020

Coproheme decarboxylase (ChdC) is an essential enzyme in the coproporphyrin-dependent heme synthesis pathway, which catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of coproheme at the positions p2 and p4 to generate heme b under the action of hydrogen peroxide.
Polypyrrole-coated Fe2O3 nanotubes constructed from nanoneedles as high-performance anodes for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Le Kai , Gao Mengjiao , Xu Dongmei , Wang Zhou , Wang Guanwen , Liu Wei , Wang Fenglong , Liu Jiurong
Published: June 2020

Polypyrrole-coated Fe2O3 nanotubes constructed from nanoneedles have been fabricated on nickel foam with excellent performance as anodes for supercapacitors.
Two new members in the quaternary Cs–Ag–As–S family with different arrangements of Ag–S and As–S asymmetric building units: syntheses, structures, and theoretical studies
Authors: Yan Dongming , Xiao Yu , Liu Chang , Hou Peipei , Chai Wenxiang , Hosono Hideo , Lin Hua , Liu Yi
Published: June 2020

Two novel quaternary layered thioarsenates(iii), Cs2Ag2As2S5 (I) and Cs3AgAs4S8 (II), with different arrangements of Ag–S and As–S asymmetric building units are reported.
Redox reactions of halogens for reversible electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Chen Song , Zhang Jintao
Published: June 2020

Rechargeable batteries based on redox reactions of halogens were summarized according to the fundamental chemistry and the underlying mechanisms, showing their potential applications.
Synthesis of large-pore zeolites from chiral structure-directing agents with two l-prolinol units
Authors: Gómez-Hortigüela Luis , Mayoral Álvaro , Liu Haining , Sierra Laura , Vaquerizo Laura , Mompeán Cristina , Pérez-Pariente Joaquín
Published: June 2020

Enantiopure chiral organic dications based on two l-prolinol units linked by para-xylene units effectively structure-directs the crystallization of several zeolites including beta, while the meta-xylene derivative is a much less efficient director.
Photo-rechargeable zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Boruah Buddha Deka , Mathieson Angus , Wen Bo , Feldmann Sascha , Dose Wesley M. , De Volder Michael
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a zinc-ion battery that can be recharged directly by light without the need for a solar cell, which offers a new approach to balancing the unpredictable energy surpluses and deficits associated with solar energy.
Effectiveness of Vigna unguiculata seed extracts in preventing colorectal cancer
Authors: Panzeri Davide , Guzzetti Lorenzo , Sacco Grazia , Tedeschi Gabriella , Nonnis Simona , Airoldi Cristina , Labra Massimo , Fusi Paola , Forcella Matilde , Regonesi Maria Elena
Published: June 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancer, especially in Western countries, and its incidence rate is increasing every year.
The impact of sample preparation on the elemental composition of soft tissues assessed by laser ablation ICP-MS
Authors: Jagielska Agata , Ruszczyńska Anna , Bulska Ewa , Wagner Barbara
Published: June 2020

Oven drying and freeze drying may alter the elemental composition of soft tissues subjected to LA-ICP-MS or ICP-MS analysis.
From supramolecular to solid state chemistry: crystal engineering of luminescent materials by trapping molecular clusters in an aluminium-based host matrix
Authors: Falaise Clément , Ivanov Anton A. , Molard Yann , Amela Cortes Maria , Shestopalov Michael A. , Haouas Mohamed , Cadot Emmanuel , Cordier Stéphane
Published: June 2020

Association between molybdenum clusters and Al(iii) polycations is facilitated by γ-cyclodextrin, a natural macrocyclic polysaccharide, to form luminescent supramolecular edifices.
The prospective application of a graphene/MoS2heterostructure in Si-HIT solar cells for higher efficiency
Authors: Borah Chandra Kamal , Tyagi Pawan K. , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: June 2020

Graphene, MoS2and silicon-based HIT solar cell with 25.61% output efficiency.
Controlled preparation of interconnected 3D hierarchical porous carbons from bacterial cellulose-based composite monoliths for supercapacitors
Authors: Bai Qiuhong , Shen Yehua , Asoh Taka-Aki , Li Cong , Dan Yong , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: June 2020

Morphology of a BC/EVOH monolith was tuned by changing the solvent ratio, and carbons from BC/EVOH(65%) exhibit a hierarchical porous structure, high specific capacitance, and excellent rate performance.
Structure and performance of the LiFePO4 cathode material: from the bulk to the surface
Authors: Hu Jiangtao , Huang Weiyuan , Yang Luyi , Pan Feng
Published: June 2020

An overview of Li-ion transfer from the electrolyte to the solid–solution interface and then to the bulk.
A oxygen vacancy-modulated homojunction structural CuBi2O4 photocathodes for efficient solar water reduction
Authors: Wei Shenqi , Wang Chenglong , Long Xuefeng , Wang Tong , Wang Peng , Zhang Mingrui , Li Shuwen , Ma Jiantai , Jin Jun , Wu Lan
Published: June 2020

In this work, we propose a regrowth strategy to prepare a photocathode with CuBi2O4 coating on Zn-doped CuBi2O4, followed by oxygen vacancy modulation to facilitate interfacial hydrogen evolution reactions.
Recent advances in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs) for organic synthesis
Authors: Wu Yan-Chen , Song Ren-Jie , Li Jin-Heng
Published: June 2020

The application of PECs in organic synthesis reactions and their reaction mechanisms are highlighted.
A polycarboxylic chelating ligand for efficient resin purification of His-tagged proteins expressed in mammalian systems
Authors: Popescu Codruţa C. , Stoian Marius C. , Cucos Lia-Maria , Coman Anca G. , Radoi Antonio , Paun Anca , Hădade Niculina D. , Gautier Arnaud , Popescu Costin-Ioan , Matache Mihaela
Published: June 2020

We describe the synthesis of a novel polyamino polycarboxylic ligand, its ability to coordinate metal-ions and attachment to a solid support designed for protein purification through Immobilised Metal-ion Affinity Chromatography (IMAC).
A novel approach for obtaining α,β-diaminophosphonates bearing structurally diverse side chains and their interactions with transition metal ions studied by ITC
Authors: Lenartowicz Paweł , Witkowska Danuta , Żyszka-Haberecht Beata , Dziuk Błażej , Ejsmont Krzysztof , Świątek-Kozłowska Jolanta , Kafarski Paweł
Published: June 2020

A convenient and general reaction is presented for the preparation of diaminophosphonates further evaluated as chelators of metal ions.
Effective photocatalytic degradation and physical adsorption of methylene blue using cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogels
Authors: Chen Yian , Xiang Zhouyang , Wang Desheng , Kang Jian , Qi Haisong
Published: June 2020

New functional cellulose/GO/TiO2 hydrogels are prepared via a simple method, showing superior and reproducible performance in the removal of MB.
Passivation by pyridine-induced PbI2 in methylammonium lead iodide perovskites
Authors: Cook Andre , Jones Timothy W. , Wang Jacob Tse-Wei , Li Hua , Atkin Rob , Duffy Noel W. , Donne Scott W. , Wilson Gregory J.
Published: June 2020

Comparison of confocal fluorescence microscope (CFM) images at different excitation wavelengths show localized passivation effects by a pyridine treatment on a perovskite precursor, PbI2.
Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using orange fruit peel extract for antibacterial activities
Authors: Doan Thi Tu Uyen , Nguyen Trung Thoai , Thi Y Dang , Ta Thi Kieu Hanh , Phan Bach Thang , Pham Kim Ngoc
Published: June 2020

This paper presents an efficient, environmentally friendly, and simple approach for the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using orange fruit peel extract.
Predicting the emission wavelength of organic molecules using a combinatorial QSAR and machine learning approach
Authors: Ye Zong-Rong , Huang I.-Shou , Chan Yu-Te , Li Zhong-Ji , Liao Chen-Cheng , Tsai Hao-Rong , Hsieh Meng-Chi , Chang Chun-Chih , Tsai Ming-Kang
Published: June 2020

The combinatorial QSAR and machine learning approach provides the qualitative and computationally efficient prediction for fluorescence emission wavelength of organic molecules.
Correction: In silico and in vitro metabolism of ribociclib: a mass spectrometric approach to bioactivation pathway elucidation and metabolite profiling
Authors: Alsubi Thamer A. , Attwa Mohamed W. , Bakheit Ahmed H. , Darwish Hany W. , Abuelizz Hatem A. , Kadi Adnan A.
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘In silico and in vitro metabolism of ribociclib: a mass spectrometric approach to bioactivation pathway elucidation and metabolite profiling’ by Thamer A. Alsubi et al., RSC Adv., 2020, 10, 22668–22683, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA01624A.
Iron–cobalt–nickel trimetal phosphides as high-performance electrocatalysts for overall water splitting
Authors: Sun Jianrui , Li Saisai , Zhang Qiaoqiao , Guan Jingqi
Published: June 2020

An iron–cobalt–nickel trimetal phosphide can work as bifunctional electrode materials for overall water splitting in alkaline electrolyte with good stability.
A 3D-printed stretchable structural supercapacitor with active stretchability/flexibility and remarkable volumetric capacitance
Authors: Chang Peng , Mei Hui , Tan Yuanfu , Zhao Yu , Huang Weizhao , Cheng Laifei
Published: June 2020

3D-printed stretchable negative Poisson's ratio structural CoNi2S4/NiCo-LDHs-based supercapacitor with active stretchability/flexibility and remarkable volumetric capacitance are built.
Synergistic morphology control and non-radiative defect passivation using a crown ether for efficient perovskite light-emitting devices
Authors: Song Li , Huang Lixin , Hu Yongsheng , Guo Xiaoyang , Liu Xingyuan , Geng Chong , Xu Shu , Luan Nannan , Bi Wengang , Wang Lishuang
Published: June 2020

Promoted CsPbBr3 PeLED electroluminescent performance has been achieved using HM12C4 via ameliorating the film morphology and passivating defects.
Single molecule white emission by intra- and inter-molecular charge transfer
Authors: Lee Ha Lim , Jang Ho Jin , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: June 2020

White emission in single molecules constructed with intra- and inter-molecular charge transfer.
Construction of a near-infrared light-controlled reciprocating piston “pump” based on soft actuators with fluorine-containing alternating polymer
Authors: Tu Kai , He Enjie , Cheng Jiannan , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping , Zhu Xiulin
Published: June 2020

A prototype of a NIR-controlled reciprocating piston pump was designed for the first time. The pump can transport 0.5 mL of liquid in each cycle (35 s) and work uninterrupted for more than 1.0 h without any manually assisted operations.
Polarization-enhanced three-dimensional Co3O4/MoO2/C flowers as efficient microwave absorbers
Authors: Xing Linshen , Wu Zhengchen , Wang Lei , Ding Jingjun , Ding Guangzhou , Yu Xuefeng , Chen Guanyu , Zhang Jie , Che Renchao
Published: June 2020

Magnetic coupling and heterointerface polarization endow composites with excellent microwave absorption properties.
Cytoskeleton regulators CAPZA2 and INF2 associate with CFTR to control its plasma membrane levels under EPAC1 activation
Authors: Santos João D. , Pinto Francisco R. , Ferreira João F. , Amaral Margarida D. , Zaccolo Manuela , Farinha Carlos M.
Published: June 2020

Cystic Fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomic recessive disorder among Caucasians, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein, a cAMP-regulated chloride channel expressed at the apical surface of epithelial cells. Cyclic AMP regulates both CFTR channel gating through a protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent process and plasma membane (PM) stability through activation of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (EPAC1). This cAMP effector, when activated promotes the NHERF1:CFTR interaction leading to an increase in CFTR at the PM by decreasing its endocytosis. Here, we used protein interaction profiling and bioinformatic analysis to identify proteins that interact with CFTR under EPAC1 activation as possible regulators of this CFTR PM anchoring. We identified an enrichment in cytoskeleton related proteins among which we characterized CAPZA2 and INF2 as regulators of CFTR trafficking to the PM. We found that CAPZA2 promotes wt-CFTR trafficking under EPAC1 activation at the PM whereas reduction of INF2 levels leads to a similar trafficking promotion effect. These results suggest that CAPZA2 is a positive regulator and INF2 a negative one for the increase of CFTR at the PM after an increase of cAMP and concomitant EPAC1 activation. Identifying the specific interactions involving CFTR and elicited by EPAC1 activation provides novel insights into late CFTR trafficking, insertion and/or stabilization at the PM and highlighs new potential therapeutic targets to tackle CF disease.
Functional (un)cooperativity in elevator transport proteins
Authors: Holzhüter Katharina , Geertsma Eric R.
Published: June 2020

The activity of enzymes is subject to regulation at multiple levels. Cooperativity, the interconnected behavior of active sites within a protein complex, directly affects protein activity. Cooperativity is a mode of regulation that requires neither extrinsic factors nor protein modifications. Instead, it allows enzymes themselves to modulate reaction rates. Cooperativity is an important regulatory mechanism in soluble proteins, but also examples of cooperative membrane proteins have been described. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on interprotomer cooperativity in elevator-type proteins, a class of membrane transporters characterized by large rigid-body movements perpendicular to the membrane, and highlight well-studied examples and experimental approaches.
Cigarette smoking blocks the benefit from reduced weight gain for insulin action by shifting lipids deposition to muscle
Authors: Khan Anwar , Fouda Sherouk , Mahzari Ali , Chan Stanley M.H. , Zhou Xiu , Ratnam Cherubina , Vlahos Ross , Ye Ji-Ming
Published: June 2020

Cigarette smoking (CS) is known to reduce body weight and this often masks its real effect on insulin action. The present study tested the hypothesis that CS can divert lipid deposition to muscles to offset the supposed benefit of reduced body weight gain on insulin signalling in this major site for glucose tolerance (or insulin action). The study was conducted in mice exposed to chronic CS followed by either a chow (CH) diet or a high-fat (HF) diet. CS increased triglyceride (TG) levels in both plasma and muscle despite a reduced body weight gain and adiposity. CS led to glucose intolerance in CH-fed mice and they retained the glucose intolerance that was induced by the HF diet. In adipose tissue, CS increased macrophage infiltration and the mRNA expression of TNFα but suppressed the protein expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and PPARγ. While CS increased hormone-sensitive lipase and suppressed the mRNA expression of leptin, these effects were blunted in HF-fed mice. These results imply that CS impairs insulin signalling in skeletal muscle via accumulated intramuscular lipids from lipolysis and lipodystrophy of adipose tissues. This may explain why smokers may not benefit from insulin sensitising effects of reduced body weight gain.
Rollout algorithm for light‐weight physical‐layer authentication in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Yan Shengnan , Wang Xiaoding , Xu Li
Published: June 2020

Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) are vulnerable to spoofing attacks due to their wireless and cognitive nature. Since the traditional cryptographic authentication can hardly prevent such attacks in CRNs, the physical‐layer authentication has been investigated for recent years. To achieve a light‐weight physical‐layer authentication, a rollout partially observable Markov decision process‐based algorithm, named RoPOMDP, is proposed in this study. In general, RoPOMDP formulates the physical‐layer authentication as a zero‐sum game, based on which a hypothesis test upon channel vectors is developed. That allows us to design the gains for both spoofers and receivers based on Bayesian risks for the game, in which the spoofing attack probability is predicted by a non‐linear function approximation utilising v‐support vector regression. Then, a RoPOMDP is employed to estimate the optimal threshold for the test statistic such that spoofing attacks can be detected. The theoretical analysis and simulations indicate that: (i) RoPOMDP improves the spoofing detection accuracy; (ii) as a light‐weight algorithm, the complexity of RoPOMDP is lower than contemporary ones.
Synchronisation of stochastic T–S fuzzy multi‐weighted complex dynamical networks with actuator fault and input saturation
Authors: Sakthivel Rathinasamy , Sakthivel Ramalingam , Kwon Oh‐Min , Selvaraj Palanisamy
Published: June 2020

This study is concerned with the exponential synchronisation problem of multi‐weighted stochastic fuzzy complex dynamical networks subject to time‐varying actuator faults and input saturations. Subsequently, based on the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional approach and stochastic stability theory, a fault‐tolerant controller with actuator saturation function is designed for achieving the desired synchronisation performance. Precisely, some novel sufficient conditions are developed in the form of linear matrix inequalities to guarantee the synchronisation of the considered networks model. Specifically, it is shown that the states of the multi‐weighted complex dynamical networks exponentially synchronised to a reference state in the mean‐square sense through the developed control scheme. Finally, two numerical simulations including Chua's circuit model are given to show the applicability and effectiveness of the developed theoretical results.
High‐frequency modelling of permanent magnet synchronous motor for conducted EMI studies
Authors: Rahimi Alireza , Kanzi Khalil
Published: June 2020

In this work, a high‐frequency model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed for using in conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) modelling and simulation of variable speed drive systems. The presented model covers the defined frequency range for the conducted emissions, based on MIL‐STD‐461 and FCC/CISPR standards from 10 kHz to 30 MHz. Common‐mode (CM) and differential‐mode (DM) impedance characteristics of PMSM are measured; the proposed method is based on the behavioural method using the measurement data. However, in order to improve the mid‐frequency representation, the model is enhanced by physics‐based methods with parameters extracted directly from the physical properties of the motor using a three‐dimensional finite element method and analytical calculations. This approach enables us to avoid the trial and error method and fine‐tuning the model parameters. In order to validate the calculated CM and DM impedances of the PMSM, simulation results are compared with the experimental measurements. Root mean squared relative error is introduced to measure the accuracy of the proposed model and also to compare the given results with the models previously presented in the literature.
Direct prediction compensation strategy of unified power quality conditioner based on FCS–MPC
Authors: Luo Yanhong , Wang Songsheng , Yang Dongsheng , Zhou Bowen , Liu Tao
Published: June 2020

The finite control set model predictive control (FCS–MPC) has drawn considerable attention in the integrated control of the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) due to the characteristics of high dynamic response, internal decoupling and multiple constraints. In this study, a new direct prediction compensation strategy (DPCS) based on FCS–MPC is proposed, which eliminates the harmonic detection algorithm, simplifies the UPQC controller structure and reduces the steady‐state errors. By compensating for the time delay of FCS–MPC, the UPQC can mitigate the power quality problems more accurately and timely. The FCS–MPC value function can be with various constraints, which makes the UPQC suitable for more situations. Compared with the indirect prediction compensation strategy, the designed DPCS has better time‐delay compensation effects, which can reduce the harmonic components of the user‐side under transient disturbances. The simulation results show that the proposed compensation strategy can achieve better dynamic and steady‐state performance on power quality problems such as voltage sags, swells, interruptions and harmonics.
Electromagnonic crystals based on ferrite–ferroelectric–ferrite multilayers
Authors: Nikitin Aleksei A. , Nikitin Andrey A. , Mylnikov Ivan L. , Ustinov Alexey B. , Kalinikos Boris A.
Published: June 2020

In recent years, the microwave processes in artificial multiferroic media such as electromagnonic crystals have attracted increased research interest due to their potential applications for voltage‐controlled spintronic devices. In contrast to the conventional magnonic crystals, the artificially created periodic structures are characterised by electrically and magnetically tunable band gaps in the wave spectrum where the propagation of the electromagnons is forbidden. In this study, an experimental realisation of an electromagnonic crystal based on a ferrite–ferroelectric–ferrite multilayer has been proposed. The authors have demonstrated for the first time a band‐gap splitting, which arises from an interaction of three fundamental modes of two ferrite films separated by a ferroelectric layer. This splitting manifested itself as an additional stop‐band appearance in the frequency response of the electromagnonic crystal. The obtained band structures are confirmed by numerical modelling using the coupled‐mode approach and the transfer‐matrix method. The authors expect that their results allow exploiting the electromagnonic crystal for enhanced logic control as well as for tunable microwave devices.
Real‐time detection of BDS orbit manoeuvres based on the combination of GPS and BDS observations
Authors: Tu Rui , Zhang Rui , Liu Zhanke , Fan Lihong , Han Junqiang , Zhang Pengfei , Hong Ju , Liu Jinhai , Lu Xiaochun
Published: June 2020

The construction of the third generation of the Chinese BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS), which provides global positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services, will be completed in 2020. As BDS satellites contain the geostationary orbit (GEO), inclined geosynchronous (IGSO), and medium earth orbit (MEO), orbital manoeuvres occur more frequently. Thus, orbit manoeuvre detection is important for continuous and reliable PNT services. A BDS orbit manoeuvre detection method based on the combination of global positioning system (GPS) and BDS observations is proposed in this study. The standard deviations of the observation residuals of the epoch‐differenced velocity estimation of the single BDS system and combined GPS + BDS system were compared to determine the beginning and end of the orbit manoeuvre. The results show that the orbital manoeuvre leads to a position, velocity, and receiver clock error bias of approximately tens to hundreds of metres, several centimetres per second, and tens to hundreds of metres, respectively. Based on the proposed method, the start and end times can be detected in real time and the usable observation time can be extended by >157 min.
Diffuse radio sources in a statistically complete sample of high-redshift galaxy clusters
Authors: Giovannini G. , Cau M. , Bonafede A. , Ebeling H. , Feretti L. , Girardi M. , Gitti M. , Govoni F. , Ignesti A. , Murgia M. , Taylor G. B. , Vacca V.
Published: June 2020

Aims. Non-thermal properties of galaxy clusters have been studied using detailed and deep radio images in comparison with X-ray data. While much progress has been made in this area, most of the studied clusters are at a relatively low redshift (z <  0.3). Here we investigate the evolutionary properties of the non-thermal cluster emission using two statistically complete samples at z >  0.3.

Methods. We obtained short JVLA observations at the L-band of the statistically complete sample of very X-ray luminous clusters from the Massive Cluster Survey (MACS), namely 34 clusters in the redshift range of 0.3–0.5 and with nominal X-ray fluxes in excess of 2 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2 (0.1–2.4 keV) in the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue. We add to this list the complete sample of the 12 most distant MACS clusters (z >  0.5).

Results. Most clusters show evidence of emission in the radio regime. We present the radio properties of all clusters in our sample and show images of newly detected diffuse sources. A radio halo is detected in 19 clusters and five clusters contain a relic source. Most of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCG) in relaxed clusters show radio emission with powers typical of FRII radio galaxies and some are surrounded by a radio mini-halo.

Conclusions. The high frequency of radio emission from the BCG in relaxed clusters suggests that BCG feedback mechanisms are already in place at z ∼ 0.6. The properties of radio halos and the small number of detected relics suggest redshift evolution in the properties of diffuse sources. The radio power (and size) of radio halos could be related to the number of past merger events in the history of the system. In this scenario, the presence of a giant and high-power radio halo is indicative of an evolved system with a large number of past major mergers, whereas small low-power halos are found in less evolved clusters.
Explicit solutions to a free interface model for the static/flowing transition in thin granular flows
Authors: Lusso Christelle , Bouchut François , Ern Alexandre , Mangeney Anne
Published: June 2020

This work is devoted to an analytical description of the dynamics of the static/flowing interface in thin dry granular flows. Our starting point is the asymptotic model derived by Bouchutet al. [Comm. Math. Sci.14(2016) 2101–2126] from a free surface incompressible model with viscoplastic rheology including a Drucker–Prager yield stress. This asymptotic model is based on the thin-layer approximation (the flow is thin in the direction normal to the topography compared to its down-slope extension), but the equations are not depth-averaged. In addition to the velocity, the model includes a free surface at the top of the flow and a free time-dependent static/flowing interface at the bottom. In the present work, we simplify this asymptotic model by decoupling the space coordinates, and keeping only the dependence on time and on the normal space coordinateZ. We introduce a time- andZ-dependent source term, assumed here to be given, which represents the opposite of the net force acting on the flowing material, including gravity, pressure gradient, and internal friction. We prove several properties of the resulting simplified model that has a time- andZ-dependent velocity and a time-dependent static/flowing interface as unknowns. The crucial advantage of this simplified model is that it can provide explicit solutions in the inviscid case, for different shapes of the source term. These explicit inviscid solutions exhibit a rich behaviour and qualitatively reproduce some physical features observed in granular flows.
Naturjoghurtinduzierte Lactobacillus-Bakteriämie bei einem mit Ustekinumab behandelten Patienten mit Morbus Crohn und begleitender HIV-Infektion
Authors: Haziri Drilon , Prechter Florian , Stallmach Andreas
Published: June 2020

Probiotika werden häufig von Patienten mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen als begleitende Therapie verwendet. Auch wenn für eine positive Wirkung der Probiotika nur wenig Evidenz vorliegt, wird dieses Verhalten durch die Einschätzung als ein nebenwirkungsfreies Therapiekonzept begünstigt. In seltenen Fällen können Probiotika jedoch zu systemischen Infektionen in Form der Bakteriämien führen. Wir berichten über einen Patienten mit Morbus Crohn und begleitender HIV-Infektion der unter einer Therapie mit Ustekinumab ein septisches Krankheitsbild entwickelte. Es zeigte sich eine Bakteriämie mit Lactobacillum lacti, Leuconostoc citreum und Leuconostoc lactis, die anamnestisch auf den Verzehr von selbstgemachtem Joghurt zurückgeführt werden konnten. Die Verwendung von Probiotika bei CED-Patienten mit zusätzlichen immunkompromittierenden Faktoren stellt ein bislang schwer abschätzbares Risiko dar; von ihrer Anwendung sollte daher abgeraten werden.
Die polyedrische Symptomatik einer Lithium-Intoxikation: Eine Kasuistik
Authors: Saleh Christian , Horak Roberto , Fehrenbach Rose A.
Published: June 2020

Lithium intoxication presents with a plethora of symptoms. Especially in elderly patients, prompt diagnosis can be delayed as intoxication can mimic symptoms of co-morbidities. We present and discuss a patient with multiple diseases, who presented in an acute confusional state due to lithium intoxication.
Iron-Catalyzed Direct Cross-Coupling of Ethers and Thioether with Alcohols for the Synthesis of Mixed Acetals
Authors: Han Wei , Cheng Lu , Zhao Hongyuan
Published: June 2020

An iron-catalyzed direct O-alkylation of alcohols via α-C(sp3)–H activation of ethers and a thioether has been established that tolerates cyclic and acyclic ethers and alcohols containing aromatic N-heterocyclic moieties, providing an efficient and green method for the synthesis of mixed acetals with good to excellent yields. The robustness of this protocol is demonstrated by the late-stage oxidation of a structurally complex natural product.
Audiological Outcome in Myringoplasties with an Intact Ossicular Chain: Is there a Difference between Chronic Otitis with or without Cholesteatoma?
Authors: Sarolli Eduardo de Barros , Schlegel-Wagner Christoph , Linder Thomas Edwin
Published: June 2020

Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) with a central perforation or a concomitant cholesteatoma are both inflammatory lesions, however, with different etiologies. Both entities may present with an intact chain, and the final reconstruction is quite similar. Does it also apply for the hearing outcome?

Objectives In a retrospective analysis, we investigated the preoperative hearing and the final hearing outcome of two groups of patients: those with COM and those with cholesteatoma, and compared various factors.

Methods Patients operated between 2010 and 2019 were entered prospectively into a research database, and the integrity of the ossicular chain, the extent of the cholesteatoma, and the findings on computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively analyzed and correlated to the final hearing outcome.

Results Out of 210 tympanoplasties for COM, 162 (80%) presented with an intact chain, and 85 (40%) ears could be analyzed. Out of 283 cholesteatoma surgeries, 53 (19%) ears presented with an intact chain. The preoperative air-bone gap (ABG) was worse in the COM group, but the postoperative ABG over the frequencies of 0.5 kHz and 4 kHz was the same (10 dB to 12 dB) in both groups, and remained within 20 dB in 90% (40 and 78 patients, respectively). The extension of the disease was rather limited in the cholesteatoma group (stages Ch1a and 1b), and better pneumatization and ventilation were beneficial for a good result. Postoperatively, the frequency of 4 kHz had the largest ABG (14 dB and 18 dB).

Conclusion Overall, 80% of the patients with COM and less than 20% of those with cholesteatoma had an intact and mobile chain at surgery. Using equivalent surgical techniques for the tympanoplasty, the final outcome was almost the same for both groups, with a mean ABG of 10 dB to 12 dB.
Association between Thyroiditis and Multifocality in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Dedivitis Rogério Aparecido , Matos Leandro Luongo de , Souza Felipe Guilherme Silva , Bogado Ortiz Jose Luis
Published: June 2020

Introduction Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) shares many characteristics with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and some studies show that, when associated, PTC is diagnosed mostly with smaller lesions and multifocal pattern.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between HT and PTC.

Methods A retrospective study of 155 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy from 2009 to 2015. Demographical, clinical and ultrasonographical data, as well as anatomopathological findings were evaluated.

Results There were signs of thyroidits in 35 patients, and 114 patients had a unifocal disease. There was no statistical significance between the variables studied and thyroiditis. However, when compared with the occurrence of unifocal or multifocal lesions, there was statistical significance regarding age (p = 0.038) and mass (p = 0.031). There was no direct relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality (p = 0.325) nor between thyroiditis and cervical extension of the disease (p = 0.300 e p = 0.434).

Conclusion There was no relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality in cases of PTC.
No-Show Rates and Associated Patient Factors in an Ophthalmology Resident Practice
Authors: Nanda Tavish , Wang Aijin , Ducasse Luis M. , Chen Royce W.S. , Horowitz Jason
Published: June 2020

Background In resident family medicine practices, a >20% no-show rate is common, often resulting in suboptimal care. Few studies have evaluated resident ophthalmology practices in a similar fashion. The objective of this study was to determine no-show rates and factors related to missed appointments in a resident-based ophthalmology clinic.

Methods We reviewed 19,237 de-identified appointments over one academic year. Appointments were divided into general clinic visits and subspecialty visits (these two clinics function separately at our institution). The number of days between an appointment being made for a patient and the scheduled visit was defined as “lead time.” Each appointment was labeled “show” or “no-show.” Pertinent factors available in the analysis included lead time to appointment, patients age, month, time of day, practitioner training level (postgraduate years 2 to 4, fellow), and proximity to holiday. Subspecialty clinics included oculoplastics clinic, strabismus clinic, neuro-ophthalmology clinic, uveitis clinic, cornea clinic, glaucoma clinic, and retina clinic. Generalized linear mixed effects models were fit on the no-show status with these factors.

Results The overall no-show rate for general clinic was 31.4%. Longer lead time to appointment, younger age, afternoon appointments, new patients, December appointments, and lower residency level were associated with higher odds of no-show (p ≤ 0.05). The overall no-show rate for subspecialty clinic was 21.8%. Longer lead time to appointment, younger age, and lower residency level were associated with higher odds of no-show (p ≤ 0.05). Patients were significantly less likely to show up for retina clinic, oculoplastics clinic, and glaucoma clinic.

Conclusion The overall no-show rate in our clinic was on the higher end of reported no-show values from other specialties. Patient status and the lead time to appointment play a significant role in patient compliance. The significance of other factors (patient age, subspecialty, time of day, appointment month, and resident level) have been found in previous studies but are not consistent factors across all clinical environments.
Comparative Analysis of a French Prospective Series of 144 Patients with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (FRIGTIH) and the Literature
Authors: Gruel Yves , Vayne Caroline , Rollin Jérôme , Weber Pierre , Faille Dorothée , Bauters Anne , Macchi Laurent , Alhenc-Gelas Martine , Lebreton Aurélien , De Maistre Emmanuel , Voisin Sophie , Gouilleux-Gruart Valérie , Perrin Julien , Tardy-Poncet Brigitte , Elalamy Ismail , Lavenu-Bombled Cécile , Mouton Christine , Biron Christine , Ternisien Catherine , Nedelec-Gac Fabienne , Duchemin Jérôme , De Raucourt Emmanuelle , Gouin-Thibault Isabelle , Rugeri Lucia , Tardy Bernard , Giraudeau Bruno , Bejan-Angoulvant Théodora , Pouplard Claire
Published: June 2020

Background Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a rare complication of heparin treatments, and only a few large patient cohorts have been reported. In this study, biological and clinical data from 144 French patients with HIT were analyzed in comparison with the literature.

Methods The diagnosis of HIT was confirmed in all patients by an immunoassay combined with serotonin release assay. In the literature, only cohorts of at least 20 HIT patients published from 1992 were selected for a comparative analysis.

Results Two-thirds of patients were hospitalized in surgery and most were treated with unfractionated heparin (83.2% vs. 16.8% with low molecular weight heparin only). Thrombotic events in 54 patients (39.7%) were mainly venous (41/54). However, arterial thrombosis was more frequent after cardiac surgery (13.2% vs. 2.4% in other surgeries, p = 0.042) with a shorter recovery time (median = 3 vs. 5 days, p < 0.001). The mortality rate was lower in our series than in the 22 selected published studies (median = 6.3% vs. 15.9%). Three genetic polymorphisms were also studied and homozygous subjects FcγRIIA RR were more frequent in patients with thrombosis (37.8 vs. 18.2% in those without thrombosis, p = 0.03).

Conclusion This study shows that the mortality rate due to HIT has recently decreased in France, possibly due to earlier diagnosis and improved medical care. It also confirms the strong association between polymorphism FcγRIIA H131R and thrombosis in HIT.
Women's Obstetric History and Midtrimester Cervical Length Measurements by 2D/3D and Doppler Ultrasound
Authors: Marinelli Juliana Valente Codato , Filho Antonio Gomes de Amorim , de Barros Monica Fairbanks , Rodrigues Agatha Sacramento , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Carvalho Mario Henrique Burlacchini de
Published: June 2020

Objective The aim of the present study was to compare the obstetric history and both two- and tri-dimensional ultrasound parameters according to different cervical lengths.

Methods The present cross-sectional study analyzed 248 midtrimester pregnant women according to cervical length and compared the data with the obstetric history and 2D/3D ultrasound parameters. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to cervical length: The Short Cervix group for cervical lengths ≥ 15 mm and < 25 mm (n = 68), the Very Short Cervix group for cervical lengths < 15 mm (n = 18) and the Control group, composed of 162 pregnant women with uterine cervical lengths ≥ 25 mm.

Results When analyzing the obstetric history of only non-nulliparous patients, a significant association between the presence of a short cervix in the current pregnancy and at least one previous preterm birth was reported (p = 0.021). Cervical length and volume were positively correlated (Pearson coefficient = 0.587, p < 0.0001). The flow index (FI) parameter of cervical vascularization was significantly different between the Control and Very Short Cervix groups. However, after linear regression, in the presence of volume information, we found no association between the groups and FI. Uterine artery Doppler was also not related to cervical shortening.

Conclusion The present study showed a significant association between the presence of a short cervix in the current pregnancy and at least one previous preterm birth. None of the vascularization indexes correlate with cervical length as an independent parameter. Uterine artery Doppler findings do not correlate with cervical length.
ITI Treatment is not First-Choice Treatment in Children with Hemophilia A and Low-Responding Inhibitors: Evidence from a PedNet Study
Authors: van den Berg H. Marijke , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Königs Christoph , D'Oiron Roseline , Platokouki Helen , Mikkelsen Torben Stamm , Motwani Jayashree , Nolan Beatrice , Santagostino Elena ,   on behalf of the European Pediatric Network for Haemophilia Management (PedNet)
Published: June 2020

Background Limited data exist on the clinical impact of low-responding inhibitors and the requirement for immune tolerance induction (ITI) treatment to establish tolerance, reduce bleeding, and improve outcome. The aim of this article is to describe the therapeutic management of children with severe hemophilia A and low-responding inhibitors and its effect on bleeding phenotype.

Methods The REMAIN (Real-life Management of Inhibitors) study is a satellite study of the PedNet registry. It included unselected children with severe hemophilia A (factor VIII [FVIII] < 0.01 IU/mL) born between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2009 who developed clinically relevant inhibitors and were followed-up for at least 3 years after the first positive inhibitor test.

Results A total of 260 patients with inhibitors were identified and 68 of them (26%) had low-responding inhibitors (peak < 5 BU/mL). Five patients were lost to follow-up and 63 were included in this study. The median follow-up was 3.7 years (interquartile range: 3.0–7.5). ITI was started in 51/63 (81%) patients. The median time from ITI start to first negative inhibitor titer was similar with low-dose and high-dose ITI regimens (2.5 and 3.1 months, respectively). Ten of the 12 patients who did not receive ITI were treated with regular prophylaxis and reached a negative titer after a median of 6.5 months. Bleeding rate was low in all patients with no difference between treatment regimens.

Conclusion In children with low-responding inhibitors negative titers were reached with regular FVIII treatment irrespective of the regimen (i.e., prophylaxis or ITI).
Existence of the topological solutions arising in vortices–antivortices equation
Authors: Chen Shouxin , Yang Manman
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we first introduce the first-order formalism with the self-dual structure of the motion equations, also called the Bogomol’nyi and Prasad–Sommerfield (BPS) equations. We observe that BPS equations arising in the generalized Maxwell–Higgs model under specific circumstances can be transformed into a vortices–antivortices equation, which is a nonlinear elliptic equation with the exponential functions. For the vortices–antivortices equation in two space dimensions, we prove the existence of topological solutions by a monotone iteration method. Finally, we give the asymptotic estimates of solutions obtained at infinity.