bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Antara VO2max Dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: M Edrizal , Asnaldi Arie
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian korelasional, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang hubungan antara VO2max (X) sebagai variabel bebas dengan hasil belajar siswa SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek Kab. Agam (Y) sebagai variabel terikat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa putra kelas VII SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek Kab. Agam Desember 2008 – Februari 2009 yang berjumlah 100 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposif random sampling dan didapat sampel sebanyak 25 orang siswa (25 %). Pengambilan data VO2max dilakukan dengan “bleep test”, sedangkan data hasil belajar dan nilai penjas siswa SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek Kab. Agam.

Analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis korelasi sederhana (product moment) dengan taraf signifikan = 0,05. Dari analisis data diperoleh hasil terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara VO2max dengan hasil belajar siswa SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek Kab. Agam dengan perolehan r0 (0,655) > rtab (0,404).
Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kesegaran Jasmani pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Bertaraf Internasional Kota Padang
Authors: Syampurma Hilmainur
Published: July 2020

Rendahnya tingkat kesegaran Jasmani siswa SMP Bertaraf Internasional Kota Padang yang lebih diduga karena dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kesegaran jasmani siswa SMP Bertaraf Internasional Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis korelasi. Populasi adalah semua siswa laki-laki SMP Bertaraf Internasional Kota Padang yang berjumlah 448 orang. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 67 orang atau 15% dari populasi dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur Kesegaran Jasmani (Y) adalah Multistage Fitness Test (Tes MFT) dan Aktivitas Fisik (X) dengan Angket. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan aktivitas fisik dengan kesegaran jasmani, dengan Rhit (0,51) > Rtab (0,23) dan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 26,00%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan kesegaran jasmani siswa SMP Bertaraf Internasional Kota Padang dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan aktivitas fisik serta memperhatikan faktor-faktor pendukung yang lainnya.
Pengaruh Latihan Overhead Tricep Toss terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ledak Otot Lengan Pemain Bolavoli
Authors: Magrisya Isto , Agus Apri , Mukhtarsyaf Fahd
Published: July 2020

Masalah dalam penelitian ini berawal belum maksimalnya daya ledak otot lengan pemain bolavoli SMA Model Negeri 04 Mukomuko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan overhead tricep toss terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot lengan pemain bolavoli SMA Model Negeri 04 Mukomuko.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu.Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh pemain bolavoli SMA Model Negeri 04 Mukomukoyang berjumlah 20 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Dengan demikian jumlah sampel di dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 orang pemain putra. Teknik pengambilan data dengan two hand medicine ball put. Data di analisis dengan uji statistik beda rerata hitung (t-test) pada taraf signifikansi a = 0.05.

Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa terdapat peningkatan daya ledak otot lengan setelah diberi perlakukan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa latihan overhead tricep tossmemberikan pengaruh yang berarti terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot lengan pemain bolavoli SMA Model Negeri 04 Mukomuko, yang dibuktikan dengan thitung = 15,923> ttabel = 2,201 dengan.
Pengaruh Model Latihan Passing Terhadap Kemampuan Passing Bawah Dan Passing Atas Pemain Bolavoli
Authors: Afdi Rahmat Baitul , Zulman Zulman , Asmi Ali
Published: July 2020

Masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu rendahnya kemampuan untuk lulus dan melewati Negara pemain voli SMP JUNIOR 2 Kecamatan Akabiluru Kabupaten Lima puluh kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model praktik passing terhadap kemampuan passing bawah dan passing atas pemain bola voli SMP Negeri 2 Kecamatan Akabiluru Kabupaten Lima puluh kota.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu, pemain bola voli mengikutilatihan sebanyak 20 orang, dengan rincian putra dan putri pemain 14 orang 6 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Dengan demikian jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 14 orang putra atlet saja. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan pengukuran terhadap kemampuan passing bawah dan lewat. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk sampel dependen.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat model pengaruh latihan secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan passing pemain voli SMP Negeri 2 Kecamatan Akabiluru Lima Puluh Kecamatan kota, dengan hasil analisis thitung = ttabel> 9.09 = 2,16, dan diterima secara empiris, serta peningkatan kemampuan passing bawah pemain bola voli 3,64 dari nilai rata-rata untuk menghitung tes awal dan tes akhir 8,93 menjadi12,57. 2) terdapat pengaruh model latihan secara signifikan terhadap kemampuan passing pemain voli papan atas di SMP Negeri 2 Kecamatan Akabiluru Kelima kabupaten kota, dengan hasil analisis thitung = ttabel> 16,97 = 2.16, dan diterima secara empiris, serta terjadi peningkatan 3,43 yaitu dari nilai rata-rata untuk menghitung tes awal dan tes terlambat menjadi 8,21 11,64.
Hubungan Aktivitas Bermain Dengan Kemampuan Motorik Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Padang Barat
Authors: Afrengty Rama , Eldawaty Eldawaty , Putra Aldo Naza
Published: July 2020

Masalah penelitian adalah rendahnya kemampuan motorik siswa untuk melihat kemungkinan factor-faktor penyebab rendahnya kemampuan motorik siswa ini, maka dilakukan suatu penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar hubungan antara aktivitas bermain dengan kemampuan motorik . Khususnya siswa di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Padang Barat Kota padang.

Penelitian ini tergolong pada jenis penelitian korelasional atau menggunakan teknik korelasional.Populasi adalah seluruh siswa SD Negeri 11 Padang Barat yang berjumlah sebanyak 180 orang. Sample diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan demikian jumlah sample dalam penelitian ini adalah 29 orang.Jenis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu data primer a) Pengamatan langsung kepada siswa untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang aktivitas bermain yang dilakukan pada saat jam istirahat disekolah dan b) Hasil pengukuran tes kemampuan motorik.

Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa aktivitas bermain (X) dengan kemampuan motorik (Y) siswa putera menunjukan hubungan yang signifikan. Besarnya sumbangan aktivitas bermain terhyadap kemampuan motorik siswa putera sebesar 59.29%. Sedangkan untuk aktivitas bermain dengan kemampuan motorik siswa puteri menunujukan hubungan yang signifikan dan besarnya sumbangan aktivitas bermain terhadap kemampuan motorik siswa puteri adalah sebesar 53.35%.
Kontribusi Kecepatan dan Daya Ledak terhadap Hasil Lompat Jauh pada Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Lengayang
Authors: Anwar Yan Sofian , Hardiansyah Sefri , Asnaldi Arie
Published: July 2020

Jauhnya hasil lompatan pada olahraga lompat jauh dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya faktor kondisi fisik. Faktor kondisi fisik itu sendiri diantaranya kecepatan dan daya ledak. Untuk mencapai hasil lompatan yang sejauh-jauhnya dalam lompat jauh dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan dalam melakukan awalan dan daya ledak saat melakukan tolakan. Berdasarkan pemikiran tersebut, maka dirumuskan masalah dalam penelitian ini, yaitu seberapa besar kontribusi kecepatan dan daya ledak terhadap hasil lompat jauh pada siswa SMP Negeri 2 Lengayang Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan.

Penelitian ini tergolong pada jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis korelasional dengan tujuan melihat kontribusi dua variabel bebas, yaitu kecepatan (X1) dan daya ledak (X2) terhadap variabel terikatnya hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa SMP Negeri 2 Lengayang Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP Negeri 2 Lengayang Kabupaten Pesisir.

Berdasarkan perhitungan korelasi diperoleh: 1) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecepatan (X1) dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putra yang diperoleh T hitung = 9,567 > T tabel = 1,6720. 2) tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai (X2) dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putra yang diperoleh T hitung = 0,507 < T tabel = 1,6720. 3) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecepatan (X1) dan daya ledak otot tungkai (X2) secara bersama-sama dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putra hal ini ditandai dengan diperoleh F hitung = 71,82 > F tabel = 3,15. 4) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecepatan (X1) dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putri diperoleh T hitung = 3,084 > T tabel = 1,8964. 5) tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai (X2) dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putri yang diperoleh T hitung = 1,282 < T tabel = 1,8946. 6) terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecepatan (X1) dan daya ledak otot tungkai (X2) secara bersama-sama dengan hasil lompat jauh (Y) siswa putri hal ini ditandai dengan diperoleh F hitung = 7,2334 > F tabel = 4,74.
Pengaruh Gaya Mengajar Terhadap Keterampilan Gerak Dasar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Haris Fahmil
Published: July 2020

Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah buruknya kualitas gerak dasar yang ditampilkan oleh siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Kuranji Padang pada saat jam pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh gaya mengajar terhadap keterampilan gerak dasar siswa sekolah dasar kecamatan kuranji padang. Secara khusus, pengaruh gaya mengajar yang dimaksud melalui pendekatan ke efektivan gaya mengajar inkuiri dan komando pada keterampilan gerak dasar siswa kelas V di kecamatan kuranji padang.

Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metoda eksperimen dengan rancangan the one group pretest-postest. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa yang berada pada tahun ajaran 2012/2013 di Sekolah Dasar kecamatan Kuranji Padang, sedangkan teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik random sampling sehingga 34 siswa yang ditetapkan sebagai sampel penelitian. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes, berupa tes keterampilan. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji – t sampel terikat.

Hasil temuan, (1) gaya mengajar inkuiri berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterampilan gerak dasar siswa , (2) gaya mengajar komando berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterampilan gerak dasar siswa, dan (3) gaya mengajar inkuiri lebih baik dibanding gaya mengajar komando terhadap keterampilan gerak dasar siswa.
“No estamos en tierra ajena”
Authors: Del Valle Carlos
Published: July 2020

Este trabajo pretende exponer los avances en la discusión teórica, con base en algunas evidencias empíricas, sobre el modo cómo dirigentes del movimiento mapuche en Chile analizan la actual coyuntura histórica y las perspectivas sobre las relaciones del estado nacional chileno y el movimiento del pueblo mapuche. La discusión se realiza a partir de tres dimensiones que, al mismo tiempo, articulan el desarrollo del artículo, a saber, (a) la exclusión y el rol del estado y los medios de comunicación; (b) la inclusión y el rol de las políticas públicas; y (c) la resistencia y el desafío actual de una estrategia ofensiva. Se considera cómo son observadas estas dimensiones en su trayectoria histórica, en su comportamiento actual y cómo son valoradas en la proyección del movimiento mapuche.
The Legal Status of Appraisal of Materials Guarantee for Bancruptcy Process of Indonesia
Authors: Anne Rusiana  , Jamal Wiwoho  , Adi Sulistiyono
Published: July 2020

This research studies the legal status of a material guarantee for the bankruptcy process of Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to find out the legal status of whether the material guarantee that has been declared bankrupt by the appraisal because of not fulfill of repayment of the debtor to the creditor can be transferred on non-bankruptcy status? Moreover, what is the creditor's execution rights to the debtor's material guarantee? This research uses a normative legal research method, namely: legal research that is done with the purpose of discovering the principles and philosophical base (dogma or doctrine) of positive law, and the research of legal discovery efforts in concreto that is suitable to be implemented to solve a particular legal case. The result of this research is that material guarantees that have been determined as Bankruptcy cannot be transferred to their status when they are sold with a non-bankrupt status before a written decision by the judge justified the status. This shows obedience to the principles of legality and legal certainty, that selling the bankrupt assets with the status of (non-bankrupt assets) cannot be justified according to the law. If the curator still continues to sell the bankrupt assets, that process is illegal, including the execution of the selling according to the law. When it was being declared of bankrupt the total value of the material guarantee is assessed by the appraisal to be sufficient for paying all debts to the creditor, then it became the guarantee of repayment of the debtor, but if the value of the material guarantee valued by the appraisal is smaller than the debt, then there must be a reassessment in order to make justice for debtors and creditors. Mortgage-holding creditors, fiduciary guarantees, mortgage rights, mortgages, or other collateral rights, can execute their rights as if Bankruptcy did not occur, but there are several receivables that must be matched before executing their separatist rights.
Orientación Académica y Profesional a los Menores Extranjeros No Acompañados
Authors: Morales Muñoz Miguel Ángel , Parra-González Mª Elena
Published: July 2020

Los Menores Extranjeros No Acompañados (MENA) son menores de otros países que acceden a un país diferente al suyo de forma irregular y sin acompañamiento de un adulto. Se trata de una realidad en nuestra sociedad. Los derechos de estos menores (alimentación, educación, salud, etc.) deben ser los mismos que de cualquier menor español. El siguiente trabajo de investigación, en relación a la educación de estos menores, pone de manifiesto la importancia de la orientación educativa y laboral como un recurso básico para la toma de decisiones y para poder adaptarse a los diferentes contextos donde se desenvolverán a lo largo de sus vidas. Para ello, se realiza una entrevista a los menores, se extrae información real que permite establecer una serie de necesidades educativas y laborales y se planifica una pequeña propuesta de mejora. Finalmente se obtienen algunas conclusiones centradas en la precariedad de los trabajos que han realizado, en la carencia de titulaciones que garanticen un futuro laboral digno y en que lo que más les urge no es otra cosa que acceder a un empleo cualquiera con el objetivo de regularizar su situación legal en el país.
Teaching Democracy: Tools and Methods in the Secondary Education
Authors: Chadjipadelis Theodore , Sotiroglou Marina , Papaoikonomou Antonis
Published: July 2020

Political and Social scientists, since the end of the 20th century, have been concerned about youth’s
“withdrawal” from participating in public life. This paper addresses the issue of teaching Civic
Education and presents new didactic and interactive tools that can be used in the educational
process. Introducing the meaning of Democracy to students takes place in compulsory education but
during Secondary Education is taught extensively with the aim of creating responsible and
interactive citizens. Therefore, students are exercised in democratic procedures during courses,
interactive learning and by electing students’ board into school premises in order to motivate
political participation and political understanding. However, an individual is not considered as a
citizen only on the election day. To this end, thematic workshops were designed and implemented
by using the principle of deliberation in schools in the area of Thessaloniki (Greece), in the context of
the course "Contemporary World, Citizen and Democracy" in Secondary Education. The workshops
focused on the familiarization with the Greek and European Parliament functions into the school
communities by interactive and experiential learning. At the end of this approach, a survey was
conducted to students concerning their opinion about deliberation and electoral procedures. In that
terms, we aim to develop a structured and interactive Civic Education curriculum that will help
shape active and responsible citizens. Our teaching practice is based on mathematical skills and
statistical concepts to cultivate further the concepts of democracy and representation
Hand Gesture Recognition in Video Sequences Using Deep Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Obaid Falah , Babadi Amin , Yoosofan Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Deep learning is a new branch of machine learning, which is widely used by researchers in a lot of artificial intelligence applications, including signal processing and computer vision. The present research investigates the use of deep learning to solve the hand gesture recognition (HGR) problem and proposes two models using deep learning architecture. The first model comprises a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a recurrent neural network with a long short-term memory (RNN-LSTM). The accuracy of model achieves up to 82 % when fed by colour channel, and 89 % when fed by depth channel. The second model comprises two parallel convolutional neural networks, which are merged by a merge layer, and a recurrent neural network with a long short-term memory fed by RGB-D. The accuracy of the latest model achieves up to 93 %.
A reassessment of local government’s financial position and performance: The case of Ireland
Authors: Turley Gerard , Di medio Rémi , McNena Stephen
Published: July 2020

Given the changes in the Irish economy since the economic crisis and, more specifically, reforms in the local government sector, this paper reassesses the financial position and fiscal sustainability of local authorities in Ireland. To do this we employ a local government financial performance framework that measures liquidity and solvency, but also operating performance and collection rates, for different sources of revenue income. Using financial data sourced from local council income and expenditure accounts and balance sheets, we report and analyse the financial position and performance during the 2007–17 period. The results indicate an improvement in the financial performance of local councils since the early 2010s. Cross-council differences persist, in particular, between large urban local authorities and smaller rural local authorities, albeit only for the liquidity and operating performance measures. Among the small rural councils, Sligo County Council’s financial position, although improving, remains a serious matter with ongoing consultation with and monitoring by central government. To help improve the measurement of local authority financial performance we recommend inclusion of this framework in the local authority Annual Financial Statement and also in the Performance Indicator Report with a view to making financial reports more accessible and transparent to citizens and taxpayers and, ultimately, to help improve performance and service delivery by the local authorities.
On a Functional Equation Appearing on the Margins of a Mean Invariance Problem
Authors: Jarczyk Justyna , Jarczyk Witold
Published: July 2020

Given a continuous strictly monotonic real-valued function α, defined on an interval I, and a function ω : I → (0, +∞) we denote by B
α

ω
the Bajraktarević mean generated by α and weighted by ω:

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B_\omega ^\alpha \left({x,y} \right) = {\alpha ^{- 1}}\left({{{\omega \left(x \right)} \over {\omega \left(x \right) + \omega \left(y \right)}}\alpha \left(x \right) + {{\omega \left(y \right)} \over {\omega \left(x \right) + \omega \left(y \right)}}\alpha \left(y \right)} \right),\,\,\,x,y \in I.

We find a necessary integral formula for all possible three times differentiable solutions (φ, ψ) of the functional equation

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r\left(x \right)B_s^\varphi \left({x,y} \right) + r\left(y \right)B_t^\psi \left({x,y} \right) = r\left(x \right)x + r\left(y \right)y,

where r, s, t : I → (0, +∞) are three times differentiable functions and the first derivatives of φ, ψ and r do not vanish. However, we show that not every pair (φ, ψ) given by the found formula actually satisfies the above equation.
On a Separation Theorem for Delta-Convex Functions
Authors: Olbryś Andrzej
Published: July 2020

In the present paper we establish necessary and sufficient conditions under which two functions can be separated by a delta-convex function. This separation will be understood as a separation with respect to the partial order generated by the Lorentz cone. An application to a stability problem for delta-convexity is also given.
The Living Constitution and the (Almost) Dead Contracts Clause
Authors: Halper Thomas
Published: July 2020

Under pressure to adapt to changing circumstances, the contract clause, though expressed in absolute terms, may now be violated for almost any reason at all. The living Constitution, in short, has virtually killed what was once a key constitutional provision.
Realized density estimation using intraday prices
Authors: Arnerić Josip
Published: July 2020

Availability of high-frequency data, in line with IT developments, enables the use of Availability of high-frequency data, in line with IT developments, enables the use of more information to estimate not only the variance (volatility), but also higher realized moments and the entire realized distribution of returns. Old-fashioned approaches use only closing prices and assume that underlying distribution is time-invariant, which makes traditional forecasting models unreliable. Moreover, time-varying realized moments support findings that returns are not identically distributed across trading days. The objective of the paper is to find an appropriate data-driven distribution of returns using high-frequency data. The kernel estimation method is applied to DAX intraday prices, which balances between the bias and the variance of the realized moments with respect to the bandwidth selection as well as the sampling frequency selection. The main finding is that the kernel bandwidth is strongly related to the sampling frequency at the slow-time-time scale when applying a two-scale estimator, while the fast-time-time scale sampling frequency is held fixed. The realized kernel density estimation enriches the literature by providing the best data-driven proxy of the true but unknown probability density function of returns, which can be used as a benchmark in comparison against ex-ante or implied driven moments.
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and GARCH model for temperature forecasting in weather derivatives valuation
Authors: Žmuk Berislav , Kovač Matej
Published: July 2020

An accurate weather forecast is the basis for the valuation of weather derivatives, securities that partially compensate for financial losses to holders in case of, from their perspective, adverse outside temperature. The paper analyses precision of two forecast models of average daily temperature, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process (O-U process) and the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic model (GARCH model) and presumes for the GARCH model to be the more accurate one. Temperature data for the period 2000-2017 were taken from the DHMZ database for the Maksimir station and used as the basis for the 2018 forecast. Forecasted values were compared to the available actual data for 2018 using MAPE and RMSE methods. The GARCH model provides more accurate forecasts than the O-U process by both methods. RMSE stands at 3.75 °C versus 4.53 °C for the O-U process and MAPE is 140.66 % versus 144.55 %. Artificial intelligence and supercomputers can be used for possible improvements in forecasting accuracy to allow for additional data to be included in the forecasting process, such as up-to-date temperatures and more complex calculations.
Assesing efficiency of targeting in social services in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Delalić Adela , Abdić Ademir , Halilbašić Muamer , Šćeta Lamija
Published: July 2020

This paper analyses the inefficiency of social services targeting in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H). Using official statistics microdata of the Household Budget Survey 2015, three models of social minimum in FB&H were constructed: extreme and general poverty, and the model with multidimensional poverty aspects. The analysis of features of poor household categories showed that the most vulnerable residents of FB&H are not beneficiaries of permanent financial assistance. The reason for such an inefficient targeting was recognized in the Federal Law on Principles of Social Care, Care for the War-Disabled Civilians and Care for Families with Children that stipulates that only persons and families that (cumulatively): are incapable for work, have insufficient income, and there are no family members who are legally obligated to support them. The results indicated a high inconsistency in the legal criteria for qualification, and also in the amounts of permanent social assistance among cantons. The Proxy Means Test (PMT) Model is offered as one of the possible solutions for the improvement of social services targeting in FB&H. Given the importance of efficiency of targeting in social services, the research results could be useful, for both, vulnerable segments of the society and federal and cantonal ministries of labour and social affairs, in the process of targeting the households qualified for social support programmes.
Reflecting on drug tourism and its future challenges
Authors: Pereira Thiago Ferreira Pinheiro Dias
Published: July 2020

The international attitude based on the ‘War on Drugs’, adopted by the United Nations in the second half of the twentieth century contributed to a situation where the debates related to drug issues were mostly concentrated in the spheres of biomedical sciences and public security. With the numerous transformations in relation to drug policies in several countries in the contemporary world, it was evident that tourism could play an important role with the emergence of the so-called ‘drug tourism’. In most cases, these changes were mainly related to cannabis, and in some regions where its recreational use has already been regulated, it was possible to notice significant reflexes in the tourist dynamics of these destinations, intensifying the role of cannabis tourism, a relevant sub-segment of drug tourism. The main purpose of this article was to contribute to the construction of fundamental theoretical and conceptual bases for a critical and scientific approach to this new topic by presenting a general overview on drug tourism; reflections and purposes on drug tourism concept; the main destinations already consolidated and; brief cannabis tourism case studies. Finally, inferences were made about future challenges of this tourism segment, which presents great prospects in the global scenario.
Possibilities of Turning Passive Rural Areas into Tourist Attractions Through Attained Service Quality
Authors: Gajić Tamara , Petrović Marko D. , Radovanović Milan M. , Tretiakova Tatiana N. , Syromiatnikova Julia A.
Published: July 2020

This paper gives an overview of the quality of tourism service in rural areas of the South Bačka District, one of the most economically developed parts of Serbia. The main objective of the research is to determine the correlation between the expected and perceived values of the quality of service by collecting and processing data. The modified SERVQUAL questionnaire was applied in the study, and all obtained data were analyzed in the SPSS software 23.00. As a result of the survey, it was found that tourists had significantly higher expectations than perceived service. The results obtained can serve for broader thematic research and contribute to the definition of appropriate corrective actions to improve the quality of tourism services in the selected rural area. Moreover, these are the key propositions to start an initiative for the improvement of tourism services in any undeveloped rural setting with a tourism offer. The results provide tourism organizers and local authorities with important visitors’ perpceptions pertaining to the quality of rural tourism service.
Disappearing Villages in Poland – Selected Socioeconomic Processes and Spatial Phenomena
Authors: Bański Jerzy , Wesołowska Monika
Published: July 2020

The work was to diagnose rural settlements that have been disappearing gradually since the end of World War II as a result of a marked process of depopulation. The authors focused on the disappearance phenomenon itself, seeking to identify and assess selected socioeconomic and spatial processes ongoing in the areas concerned. Through analysis of the set of 41,466 statistical localities in rural areas of Poland, it was found that 62% of these villages reported a decline in the number of inhabitants over the 1950–2011 period. Throughout the post-War period, it is small villages of fewer than 100 people that have experienced the most marked demographic regress. The smallest settlements of all – with 50 people or less – have suffered the most-marked loss of population, at around 28% on average. To be noted, among the factors behind disappearances of villages are limited attractiveness arising out of low standards of living, natural conditions unsuited to farming, limited incomes earned from agricultural activity and poor outfitting in social and technical infrastructure.
The Grooved Lip Effect on Reciprocating Hydraulic Rod Seal Performances in Transient Condition: Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Bahi Y. , Gadari M. El , Rahmoune M.
Published: July 2020

It is commonly known that the sealing performance of dynamic seals is significantly influenced by the surface finish. To reduce friction effect and leakage ratio, new generations of grooved lip or shaft have emerged, but only two computational models were performed up to now with a textured elastomeric lip: spiral groove in the axial direction or micro-cavities according to the circumferential direction. However, if the numerical results have confirmed the slight effect of the grooved lip on the rotary lip seal performances, it seems relevant to investigate the influence of such grooves on the reciprocating hydraulic rod seal behavior.

Thus, the scope of this work is to perform a parametric study of the grooved lip throughout a one-dimensional elastohydrodynamic model by taking into account the elasticity of the lip and the shaft roughness.

After confirming the validity of the current model, numerical simulations have been performed and compared with experiments. The effect of lip grooves on the hydraulic rod seal behavior in outstroke and instroke shaft motion has been underlined. Thereby, it is shown that the leakage and the average film thickness are sensible to both the depth and the density of the lip groove. Additionally, a slight effect of the pattern shape is observed on the friction force.
Effect of Magnetic Field Dependent Viscosity on the Unsteady Ferrofluid Flow Due to a Rotating Disk
Authors: Bhandari A.
Published: July 2020

The effect of magnetic field dependent viscosity on ferrofluid flow due to a rotating disk is studied in the presence of a stationary magnetic field. The results for velocity profiles for various values of MFD viscosity parameter are shown graphically. These results are compared with the ordinary case when the applied magnetic field is absent. Besides, the shear stress on the wall of the disk and its surface is calculated numerically.
Using the ERFI Function in the Problem of the Shape Optimization of the Compressed Rod
Authors: Marcinowski J. , Sadowski M.
Published: July 2020

The shape of the optimal rod determined in the work meets the condition of mass conservation in relation to the reference rod. At the same time, this rod shows a significant increase in resistance to axial force. In the examples presented, this increase was 80% and 117%, respectively, for rods with slenderness of 125 and 175. A practical benefit from the use of compression rods of the proposed shapes is clearly visible.

The example presented in this publication shows how great the utility in the structural mechanics can be, resulting from the applications of complex analysis (complex numbers). This approach to many problems can find its solutions, while they are lacking in the real numbers domains. What is more, although these are operations on complex numbers, these solutions have often their real representations, as the numerical example shows.

There are too few applications of complex numbers in the technique and science, therefore it is obvious that the use of complex analysis should have an increasing range.

One of the first people to use complex numbers was Girolamo Cardano. Cardano, using complex numbers, was solving cubic equations, unsolvable to his times – as the famous Franciscan and professor of mathematics Luca Pacioli put it in his paper Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalita (1494). It is worth mentioning that history has given Cardano priority in the use of complex numbers, but most probably they were discovered by another professor of mathematics – Scipione del Ferro (cf. [1]).

We can see, that already then, they were definitely important (complex numbers).
Oscillatory Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Through Porous Medium Between Parallel Plates with Inclined Magnetic Field, Radiative Heat Flux and Heat Source
Authors: Mehta T. , Mehta R. , Mehta A.
Published: July 2020

The aim of the paper is to investigate an oscillatory fluid flow and heat transfer through a porous medium between parallel plates in the presence of an inclined magnetic field, radiative heat flux and heat source. It is assumed that electrical conductivity of the fluid is small and the electromagnetic force produced is very small. The governing coupled equations of motion and energy are solved analytically. Numerical results for the velocity and temperature profiles, local skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number for various values of physical parameters are discussed numerically and presented graphically.
A Review: Differential Transform Method for Semi-Analytical Solution of Differential Equations
Authors: Rashidi M.M. , Rabiei F. , Nia S. Naseri , Abbasbandy S.
Published: July 2020

In this article, the semi-analytical method known as the Differential Transform Method (DTM) for solving different types of differential equations is reviewed. First, basic definitions and formulas of DTM and Differential Transform-Padé approximation (DTM-Padé), which are used to increase the convergence and accuracy of DTM approximations, are discussed. Then both techniques of DTM and DTM-Padé, which have been successfully applied to partial differential equations, as well as the application of these methods in fluid mechanic and heat transfer are presented. In addition, the extension of DTM for integral differential equations and the fuzzy differential transformation method (FDTM) for fuzzy problems are discussed.
Numerical Analysis of Deformation and Flow in the Proximal Area of the Urethra
Authors: Rudyk R. , Malinowski M. , Mackiewicz A. , Bedzinski R. , Noszczyk-Nowak A. , Skonieczna J. , Madej J.P.
Published: July 2020

Pathological conditions of a male urethra, including fibrosis, have a mechanical background along the entire length of the urethra. They may be caused by excessive deformation of the urethra locally or globally. The condition of prolonged overload causes abnormal tissue remodelling and, consequently, the formation of a thick layer of scar tissue differentiated from the connective tissue of the urethra. This tissue, which has higher mechanical properties, is not highly deformable and therefore, causes a decrease in the diameter of the urethra, which results in conditions that disturb the natural flow of urine. In this paper, it was decided to determine the deformation conditions in the proximal part of the urethra. The study was conducted in three main stages. Transverse sections of the animal urethral tissues were prepared in order to examine mechanical properties and perform histological examinations. On the basis of these examinations, material models which fitted best for the experimental results were sought. Material constants of the Mooney-Rivlin material model with the best fit ratio were determined for further research. On the basis of histological photographs, a geometrical and numerical model of the urethra was developed. The urethra was tested in a flat state of deformation. The strain and stress fields of the Caucha tensor were examined. The methodology of testing the dynamics of the urine flow in the highly deformable urethra was proposed. This is important for the analysis of the influence of at excessive pressure on pathological tissue remodelling leading to fibrosis.
Does Census Hiring Stimulate Jobs Growth?
Authors: Furth Salim
Published: July 2020

Governments perform national, labor-intensive censuses on a regular schedule. Censuses represent many of the largest peacetime expansions and contractions in federal hiring. The predetermined occurrence and scale of the census offers an economic experiment in the effects of temporary government hiring. This paper describes the construction of a data series on census hiring in the United States since 1950 and also collects available data on census employment in England and Wales, Canada, Korea, and Japan. Regressing total employment changes on census hiring yields coefficients extremely close to 1, indicating that there is no spillover from census hiring to the rest of the economy. Using census hiring and occurrence as instruments for government hiring in the US, Canada, and Korea, I estimate the effect of federal hiring on overall employment. Different samples yield varying jobs multipliers, with point estimates varying from -0.01 to 1.48. Including Korean and Canadian data yields lower multipliers, while including pre-1990 US data yields higher multipliers. In no specification can I reject the hypothesis that the job multiplier equals 1. In all specifications, standard errors are large enough that I can reject neither Keynesian nor crowd-out effects.
Performance Evaluation of Mike Nam Rainfall-Runoff (R-R) Model in Daily Flow Simulation (Case Study: Gonbad Catchment in Hamedan)
Authors: Sajadi Bami Yasamin , Porhemmat Jahangir , Sedghi Hossein , Jalalkamali Navid
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, many hydrological rainfall-runoff (R-R) models, both distributed and lumped, have been developed to simulate the catchment. However, selecting the right model to simulate a specific catchment has always been a challenge. A proper understanding of the model and its advantages and limitations is essential for selecting the appropriate model for the purpose of the study. To this end, several studies have been carried out to evaluate the performance of hydrological models for specific areas (mountainous, marshy and so on). This study was conducted aimed at evaluating the performance of MIKE11 NAM lumped conceptual hydrological rainfall-runoff model in simulation of daily flow rate in Gonbad catchment. The NAM model was calibrated and validated using flow rate data of three hydrometric stations of the Gonbad catchment. The model performance was evaluated using Percent bias (PBIAS) and the coefficient of determination or Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient. A Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) of 0.80, 0.89 and 080 were obtained during calibration, whereas, for the validation period, NSE of 0.81, 0.87 and 0.71 were obtained for Nemooneh sub catchment, Shahed sub catchment and Gonbad catchment respectively. Percent bias of -0.6, 1.5 and 6.3 were achieved for calibration, while -2.7, 7.6 and -4.2 were acquired during validation for Nemooneh sub catchment, Shahed sub catchment and Gonbad catchment respectively. Based on the results, the MIKE 11 NAM lumped conceptual model was capable of simulating daily mean flow rate and mean flow volume.
Providing the Optimal Framework of Knowledge Management in Construction Projects with Meta Syntheses and Shannon Entropy Method
Authors: Farokhizadeh S. , Seyed Hosseini S. M. , Hosseini S. A. , Nazeri M. , Javanshir H.
Published: July 2020

Lack of knowledge management in construction projects leads to knowledge dispersion and loss of organizational learning. In this study, we try to provide a clear and comprehensive picture of feasibility and deployment of knowledge management in construction projects using Meta syntheses and Shannon entropy methods. Using the meta syntheses method, 475 books and articles were studied in the field of knowledge management and by content analysis, the conceptual framework suggested in this study consist of 62 components or codes and 14 concepts in four categories or dimensions were organized and extracted. The identified dimensions are: manpower resources, structure, infrastructure, and strategy that each of them explains what, how and why knowledge management is in project-based organizations. Based on findings, crisis management codes in recruiting, rules and regulations, holding meetings to incorporate knowledge, documenting experiences, trust in teamwork, the existence of knowledge software for employee communication (dynamic engagement), use of documents in order to incorporate knowledge and care for individual development in the teamwork have the highest importance coefficients and highest rating among the codes meaning that in the field of feasibility study and effective deployment of knowledge management in construction projects these topics are more considered and studied.
Seismic Performances of Conventional and LRB-Isolated Buildings Comparing to Seesaw Buildings
Authors: Kherad Soroush , Hosseini Mahmood , Motamedi Mehrtash
Published: July 2020

Using seesaw structural system equipped with energy dissipating devices has been considered as a low-cost and low-tech way for creation of earthquake-resilient buildings. In this paper by considering three groups of multi-story buildings, including conventional buildings, LRB-based isolated buildings and building with seesaw structure, equipped with a newly introduced type of structural fuses, their seismic performances have been compared through nonlinear time history analyses (NLTHA). The employed fuses in seesaw buildings are a specific type of yielding plate dampers, called Multiple Curved Yielding Plate Energy Dissipater (MCYPED), installed at the bottom of the all circumferential columns of the lowest story of the building. To show the efficiency of the proposed seesaw system in comparison with other two mentioned groups, first, by finite element modeling, verified by experimental results, the initial and secondary stiffness values as well as the yielding and ultimate strengths of the MCYPEDs have been obtained to be modeled by multi-linear plastic springs in the seesaw buildings. Then, a series of NLTHA have been performed on the three groups of buildings by using a set of selected earthquakes. The compared responses include roof displacement and acceleration, base shear, inter-story drift and finally plastic hinges (PHs) formed in the building’s structures. Results show that the proposed seesaw building equipped with MCYPEDs not only results in lower seismic demand, similar to base isolation system, but also leads to remarkable energy dissipation capacity in the building structure at base level, so that the building structure remains basically elastic, and does not need any major repair work, even after large earthquakes, contrary to the conventional building which need to be demolished after the earthquake.
Influence of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag on the Index, Compaction Parameters and Mechanical Strength of Khairpur Mir’s Natural Soil
Authors: Rind Touqeer Ali , Karira Hemu , Mirani Shahzad Ali , Mari Ali Khan
Published: July 2020

In developing countries like Pakistan, Due to rapid growth and population, an increase in the production of industrial waste is rising significantly day by day. Stabilization of soil using those industrial wastes not only gives proper usage of waste materials but also increases the cost-benefit ratio as a whole. In this research work, an attempt was made to use Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in the stabilization of District Khairpur Mirs’ soil. Generally, while dealing with building construction industry such as foundations for buildings, highways such as subgrades as a foundation and in earthen dams as landfills sometimes there exist naturally occurring unsuitable soils. District Khairpur Mirs’ soil is accounted for the different laboratory tests and the concerned District Khairpur Mirs’ soil found to be relatively unsuitable; therefore, various percentages of ground granulated blast furnace slag were added to make it suitable. To improve the concerned soil different percentages of slag are used, and samples thus formed so for were tested in the laboratory for this research work. Various laboratorial tests like particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, Modified Proctor test, AASHTO soil classification, and CBR test were performed on controlled and stabilized soil samples. The aim of this research study was to examine the influence of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) on the index, Compaction and mechanical strength parameters of natural Khairpur Mirs’ soil. Finally, based on laboratorial tests, it was observed that stabilization of soil by GGBFS made favourable changes on the index, compaction and strength parameters of District Khairpur Mirs’ soil.
Geometry of the probability simplex and its connection to the maximum entropy method
Authors: Gzyl H. , Nielsen F.
Published: July 2020

The use of geometrical methods in statistics has a long and rich history highlighting many different aspects. These methods are usually based on a Riemannian structure defined on the space of parameters that characterize a family of probabilities. In this paper, we consider the finite dimensional case but the basic ideas can be extended similarly to the infinite-dimensional case. Our aim is to understand exponential families of probabilities on a finite set from an intrinsic geometrical point of view and not through the parameters that characterize some given family of probabilities.

For that purpose, we consider a Riemannian geometry defined on the set of positive vectors in a finite-dimensional space. In this space, the probabilities on a finite set comprise a submanifold in which exponential families correspond to geodesic surfaces. We shall also obtain a geometric/dynamic interpretation of Jaynes’ method of maximum entropy.