bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye’deki Bisiklet Kullanıcılarının Trafikte Görünürlükleri ve Renk Değişkeninin Bu Bağlamda İncelenmesi
Authors: Özakay Özgün , Koyuncu Mehmet
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki bisiklet kullanıcılarının, diğer yol kullanıcıları olan araba sürücüleri ve yayalar tarafından görünürlüklerinin tespiti ve renk değişkeninin bu görünürlüğe etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda iki farklı deney uygulanmıştır. Birinci çalışmada bisikletlilerin tespit edilmesinin karşılaştırılması amacıyla yaya, bisikletli ve sürücü olmak üzere 62 katılımcının olduğu bir deney yürütülmüştür. Araba sürücüleri ve yayaların bisikletleri tespit etmesinin, bisikletlilerin giydikleri tişörtlerin renklerine göre değişimini inceleyen ikinci deneyde, yaya ve sürücü olmak üzere 43 katılımcı yer almıştır. İlk deneyde katılımcılara rastgele olarak içerisinde farklı mesafelerde (yakın, orta ve uzak) araba, bisikletli veya hiçbir şey olmayan yol fotoğrafları gösterilmiş ve fotoğraflarda araç olup olmadığıyla ilgili karar vermeleri istenmiştir. İkinci deneyde katılımcılara sadece dört farklı renk (kırmızı, mavi, sarı ve yeşil) tişört giymiş bisikletliler ve boş yol fotoğrafları sunulmuştur. Ardından görülen yolda araç olup olmadığıyla ilgili karar vermeleri istenmiştir. Daha sonra katılımcıların reaksiyon zamanları ve doğru karar verme oranları değerlendirilmiştir. Bisikletlilerin bütün yol kullanıcıları tarafından, arabaya göre daha düşük görünürlüğe sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca bütün yol kullanıcıları bisikletlilere, arabalara göre daha yavaş reaksiyon vermiştir. Ancak sürücüler ve bisikletliler arasında bisikletliyi algılamakta anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır. İkinci deneyde ise bisikletli kırmızı renk tişört ile uzak mesafede olduğu durumda, sarı renge göre daha yüksek görünürlüğe sahiptir. Bisikletlinin orta mesafede sunulduğu koşulda ise mavi renk tişörte verilen reaksiyon zamanlarının, yeşil renge verilen reaksiyon zamanlarından ve kırmızı renge verilen reaksiyon zamanlarının, yeşil renge verilen reaksiyon zamanlarından daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada, bisikletlilerin Türkiye’deki görünürlükleriyle ilgili deneysel yolla sonuçlar elde edilmiş ve bu görünürlüğün arttırılmasına yönelik çözümler tartışılmıştır.
Securing Election Infrastructure with Hand-Marked Paper Ballots
Authors: Gupta Varun , Hypolite Joel , Mell Stephen , Sanghvi Hersh
Published: October 2020

American democracy is critically threatened by the use of insecure voting systems. Many existing electronic voting machines have malfunctioned during recent elections, and many are also vulnerable to hacking (Appel et al. 2019, Blaze et al. 2019, Blaze 2020). Most states have switched to secure, hand-marked paper ballots, but roughly 30% of Americans will continue to vote using vulnerable voting machines in 2020 (Cordova et al. 2019, Bajak 2020). While Congress allocated $380 million in 2018 and $425 million in 2020 to improve election security, these funds were neither targeted at nor sufficient for replacing all electronic voting machines. We propose that Congress (1) allocate $110 million exclusively for transitioning away from electronic voting machines and (2) prohibit the use of federal funds for purchasing voting systems that do not primarily use hand-marked paper ballots. This one-time transition cost is much smaller than even annual expenditures on other critical infrastructure (Copeland 2010; Halderman 2019). Replacing electronic voting machines with hand-marked paper ballots is the most affordable and secure option.
Policy Recommendations to Reinvigorate Recycling in Arizona
Authors: Murphy Erin L. , Bernard Miranda L. , Helm Levi , Hill Infynity , Tuñas-Corzón Álex
Published: October 2020

In 2018, China enacted an import ban on twenty-four types of recyclables as part of its National Sword policy, upending recycling programs across the U.S. In Arizona, many municipalities have responded by significantly reducing or completely halting their programs, causing some cities to landfill their recyclables. We have reviewed state legislation and interviewed waste management coordinators to identify the key challenges and opportunities for recycling in Arizona. Informed by our interviews, we call on Arizona state legislators to (1) pass a resolution to appropriate funding for the recycling grant program, (2) amend this program to allow for joint applications, (3) repeal A.R.S. 9-500.38, ‘Prohibition on regulation of auxiliary containers; state preemption; definition’, (4) introduce a tax on products imported in single-use containers, and (5) provide incentives to companies using Arizona recyclables. These policies would reinvigorate recycling within the state, make Arizona’s waste management systems more cost-effective, and foster new local processing and manufacturing industries.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND PUBLIC RELATIONS IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Stojanović Edit Terek , Vlahović Marko , Nikolić Milan , Mitić Siniša , Jovanović Zoran
Published: October 2020

The study presents the results of the impact of organizational culture on public relations in business organizations.
The data were obtained from a survey of 415 respondents from 93 companies in Serbia. The following statistical methods were used: descriptive
statistics, correlation analysis, regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Some of the most important conclusions of the research
follow: In most cases, the organizational culture dimensions have a statistically significant and positive influence on the communication models of
public relations (CMPR) dimensions and the organization – public relations (OPR) dimensions; A favorable organizational culture (represented through
the favorable values of the organizational culture dimensions) has a positive impact on two-way models of communication, especially the symmetrical model,
as well as on most of the OPR dimensions. On the other hand, an unfavorable organizational culture encourages one-way communication and the organization’s
orientation solely for its own benefit; The Power Distance dimension acts in contrast to the other dimensions of organizational culture: high power
distance impedes two-way communication and promotes the utility of the company, all of which causes public distrust and dissatisfaction.
SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVENESS AS A NEW ECONOMIC CATEGORY – DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT ASSESSMENT
Authors: Cheba Katarzyna , Bąk Iwona , Szopik-Depczyńska Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of the paper is to assess the level of EU countries’ ability to compete in a sustainable manner and to compare these results with achievements in the area of sustainable competitive position. In the paper, the definition of the new economic category – sustainable competitiveness and its main components: sustainable competitive capacity and sustainable competitive position, as well as these new terms’ measurement proposal were presented. The study is also an attempt to the exploration of relationship existing between those categories. For this purpose, the selected statistical methods were applied. The taxonomic measure of development as well as the correlation coefficients, were used to measure the multilevel relationship between those considered areas. Until now, those categories were presented only in the context of examining the countries’ ability to compete sustainably. However, the aspects of sustainable competitive position have been completely ignored. That’s why it should be emphasized that this kind of investigation is a novelty in the area of sustainable competitiveness. The research results confirmed the existence of relationship between the various areas that consist to the holistic concept of sustainable competitiveness. These relationships are not always strong though and this is the crucial fact for further research in this area.
Grain Formation around the AGB Star L2 Puppis Based On ALMA Observations
Authors: Nuth Joseph A. , Ferguson Frank T. , Homan Ward , Decin Leen , Paquette John A.
Published: October 2020

While models of grain formation in the outflows of carbon-rich stars have been relatively successful, models of outflows from oxygen-rich, asymptotic giant branch stars have been less fortunate. Under current modeling, it is difficult to produce sufficient amounts of silicate grains with high enough opacity to form a dust-driven wind from these stars. To investigate the cause of this difference, this work is a comparison between typical outflow model results and a model using input from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of L2 Puppis. The temperatures from these observations are much lower than would typically be used in the standard outflow model. In addition, the observed gas densities are much higher than predicted from typical outflow models. Both of these differences make the formation of silicate grains much more favorable than predicted in current outflow models. We then explore the effects of other possible nonideal conditions including the efficiency of cluster growth prior to nucleation, the efficiency of grain growth following nucleation and the variation of grain coupling to stellar radiation during grain growth. Finally, we calculate the potential enhancement in grain production based on possible increased refractory abundances resulting from the vaporization of millimeter-scale and larger particles left over from the presence of a former planetary system.
Marine algal flora of Pico Island, Azores
Authors: Neto Ana I. , Prestes Afonso C. L. , Álvaro Nuno , Resendes Roberto , Neto Raul M. A. , Tittley Ian , Moreu Ignacio
Published: October 2020

The seaweed flora of Pico Island (central group of the Azores archipelago) has attracted interest of researchers on past occasions. Despite this, the macroalgal flora of the island cannot be considered well-known as published information reflects only occasional collections. To overcome this, a thorough investigation encompassing collections and presence data recording was undertaken. Research under the Campaigns “AÇORES/89”, “PICO/91”, “PICOBEL/2007” and “LAUMACAT/2011” covered a relatively large area (approximately 39 km2) around the island, encompassing the littoral and sublittoral levels down to about 40 m around the Island.

This paper improves the knowledge of the Azorean macroalgal flora at local and regional scales by listing taxonomic records and providing information on the ecology and occurrence of each species present on the Island’s littoral.

A total of 4043 specimens (including taxa identified only to genus level) belonging to 303 taxa of macroalgae are registered, comprising 197 Rhodophyta, 53 Chlorophyta and 53 Ochrophyta (Phaeophyceae). From these, 225 were identified to species level (142 Rhodophyta, 41 Chlorophyta and 42 Ochrophyta), encompassing 110 new records for the island (69 Rhodophyta, 20 Chlorophyta and 21 Ochrophyta), three Macaronesian endemisms (Botryocladia macaronesica Afonso-Carillo, Sobrino, Tittley & Neto; Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodríguez & Haroun; Codium elisabethiae O. C. Schmidt), 14 introduced and 25 species with an uncertain status.
Using Global Biodiversity Information Facility Occurrence Data for Automated Invasive Alien Species Risk Mapping
Authors: Davis Amy , Adriaens Tim , De Troch Rozemien , Desmet Peter , Groom Quentin , Oldoni Damiano , Reyserhove Lien , Vanderhoeven Sonia , Strubbe Diederik
Published: October 2020

To support invasive alien species risk assessments, the Tracking Invasive Alien Species (TrIAS) project has developed an automated, open, workflow incorporating state-of-the-art species distribution modelling practices to create risk maps using the open source language R. It is based on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data and openly published environmental data layers characterizing climate and land cover. Our workflow requires only a species name and generates an ensemble of machine-learning algorithms (Random Forest, Boosted Regression Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors and AdaBoost) stacked together as a meta-model to produce the final risk map at 1 km2 resolution (Fig. 1). Risk maps are generated automatically for standard Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) greenhouse gas emission scenarios and are accompanied by maps illustrating the confidence of each individual prediction across space, thus enabling the intuitive visualization and understanding of how the confidence of the model varies across space and scenario (Fig. 2). The effects of sampling bias are accounted for by providing options to:

use the sampling effort of the higher taxon the modelled species belongs to (e.g., vascular plants), and

to thin species occurrences.

use the sampling effort of the higher taxon the modelled species belongs to (e.g., vascular plants), and

to thin species occurrences.

The risk maps generated by our workflow are defensible and repeatable and provide forecasts of alien species distributions under further climate change scenarios. They can be used to support risk assessments and guide surveillance efforts on alien species in Europe. The detailied modeling framework and code are available on GitHub: https://github.com/trias-project.
Effect of Multidomain Disease Presentations on Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis in the Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Hur Peter , Liu Mei , Rebello Sabrina , McLean Robert R. , Dube Blessing , Glynn Meghan , Mease Philip J.
Published: October 2020

Objective

To compare disease characteristics, quality of life (QOL), and work productivity of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who had multidomain vs single-domain presentations.

Methods

Adults with PsA enrolled in the Corrona PsA/Spondyloarthritis Registry (March 2013–August 2018) were included. Six PsA disease domains were evaluated: enthesitis, dactylitis, peripheral arthritis (PA), nail psoriasis, axial disease, and skin disease. Patients were classified as having multidomain (≥ 2 domains) or single-domain disease presentations; biologic initiators were characterized separately. Linear regression models evaluated the association of multidomain presentations with disease characteristics, QOL, and work productivity vs single-domain presentations.

Results

Of 2617 patients with PsA, 1698 (64.9%) had multidomain presentations, 617 (23.6%) had single-domain presentations, and 302 (11.5%) had no active disease features. Of 354 biologic initiators, 289 (81.6%) had multidomain presentations, 45 (12.7%) had single-domain presentations, and 20 (5.6%) had no active disease features. Overall, the most common single-domain and multidomain presentations, respectively, were skin disease (12.7%) and PA + skin disease (11.7%). Multidomain presenters were more likely to have fibromyalgia, depression, anxiety, and prior biologic use than single-domain presenters. Multidomain presentations were associated with significantly worse patient and physician global assessments of disease activity, pain, and fatigue; Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index and EuroQol 5-dimension scores; and work productivity at enrollment.

Conclusion

In this US real-world cohort, most patients had multidomain disease presentations, which was associated with worse disease activity, QOL, and work productivity measures. This study highlights the heterogeneity of PsA and the importance of assessing all PsA domains for optimizing disease management.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
Prosthetic Joint Infections: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Masood Komal , Redfern Roberta E. , Duggan Joan M. , Georgiadis Gregory M. , Suleyman Geehan
Published: October 2020

Staphylococcus lugdunensis
has been increasingly recognized as a cause of serious infections, particularly prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of
S lugdunensis
PJIs. This was a retrospective multicenter study of consecutive adult patients with
S lugdunensis
PJIs from January 2007 through December 2017; 28 patients met inclusion criteria. The knee was the most commonly affected joint (67.9%), followed by the hip (25%). Clinical and microbiologic characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were evaluated. Thirteen (46.4%) patients had two-stage revision, 9 (32.1%) had debridement with or without revision, 5 (21.4%) had no surgical intervention, and 1 (3.6%) had one-stage revision. Twenty-four (85.7%) patients had monomicrobial infection with
S lugdunensis
, whereas 4 had polymicrobial. Two patients had concomitant bacteremia. All isolates, except 1, were susceptible to oxacillin. Three patients with no surgical intervention received oral antibiotics, 2 were not treated, and 1 was discharged to hospice. Relapse was observed in 2 of 13 (15%) patients who had two-stage revision, 4 of 9 (44%) who had debridement, and 6 of 6 (100%) who had no surgical intervention or one-stage revision regardless of antibiotic treatment regimen. There was a significant difference in cure rate for patients who underwent two-stage revision compared with other treatment modalities (85% vs 33%,
P
=.009). Appropriate management of
S lugdunensis
PJI includes both aggressive surgical treatment and a prolonged course of antibiotics and is associated with excellent clinical response. Regardless of route or duration of antibiotic therapy, relapse is high for patients not treated with two-stage revision. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):345–350.]
Comparison of Surgical Techniques for Fixation of Terrible Triad Injuries of the Elbow: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Schindelar Lili E. , Sherman Matthew , Ilyas Asif M.
Published: October 2020

Treatment of the terrible triad injury of the elbow remains a difficult problem. There are several ways to treat the radial head and coronoid fractures; controversy still exists regarding the best way to treat each. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the clinical outcomes of radial head and coronoid fractures treated using current protocols. No differences in functional outcomes were found between the different surgical techniques. There is no superior current protocol for treating these injuries. Surgical treatment should be dictated by fracture type and surgeon experience. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(6):328–332.]
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Duenes Matthew , Schoof Lauren , Schwarzkopf Ran , Meftah Morteza
Published: October 2020

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is an uncommon cause of residual pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The presentation is variable, and there is no gold standard diagnostic test. Diagnosis is more difficult after TKA because some classic signs of CRPS may be unreliable and imaging may be difficult to interpret. Early intervention is the most important factor in predicting improvement, necessitating high suspicion in patients with exaggerated pain and stiffness after excluding more common causes. This article reviews the literature regarding CRPS following TKA, explains the diagnosis, and discusses treatment. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(6):e486–e491.]
Ring-Shaped Lateral Meniscus Without a Bony Anterior Root Attachment
Authors: Luckenbill Daniel B. , Peer Christopher W.
Published: October 2020

The discoid lateral meniscus has been well described. The ring-shaped lateral meniscus was not originally included in the classification systems but has been reported in the literature several times. This article describes a unique variation of the ring lateral meniscus in which the anterior root attachment was to the anterior cruciate ligament and rendered unstable with preparation of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction tunnels. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(1):e146–e147.]
Complications of Low-Profile Plate Fixation in Metacarpal Fractures
Authors: Baumgartner Rita E. , Federer Andrew E. , Guerrero Evan M. , Mithani Suhail K. , Ruch David S. , Richard Marc J.
Published: October 2020

High complication rates have been reported using conventional plating systems to treat metacarpal fractures. This study investigated complication rates in metacarpal fractures treated with low-profile anatomic plates. A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with metacarpal fractures who were treated with open reduction and internal fixation using low-profile anatomic plates at a single institution from January 2010 to February 2017. Patients with concomitant tendon injury, open fractures, prior same metacarpal fracture, or thumb metacarpal fracture were excluded. A total of 79 patients with 110 metacarpal fractures were included. The primary outcome was the presence of a complication, defined as superficial or deep infection, delayed wound healing, delayed union, nonunion, major or minor extensor lag or stiffness 90 days postoperatively, or return to the operating room. Eleven fractures (10%) had 1 or more complications. Complications included 6 fractures (5%) with major extensor lag or stiffness, 4 fractures (4%) with minor extensor lag or stiffness, 1 fracture (1%) with delayed radiographic union that did not require operative intervention, and 1 fracture (1%) with return to the operating room for removal of hardware. In this retrospective study, treatment of metacarpal fractures with low-profile plate fixation resulted in a 10% overall complication rate and a 1% reoperation rate; this rate is significantly less than reported in previous literature prior to the widespread use of low-profile plates. This study suggests treatment of patients with metacarpal fractures using low-profile plating systems provides a reliable solution with acceptable complication rates. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(1):e91–e94.]
Risk of Iatrogenic Axillary Nerve Injury During Acromioclavicular Joint Reconstruction
Authors: Parnes Nata , Ciani Mario J. , DeFranco Michael J.
Published: October 2020

Anatomical reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments involves drilling the base of the coracoid or looping a graft around it, placing the axillary nerve at risk for injury. Rockwood type V acromioclavicular (AC) separation injuries involve disruption of the AC joint capsule and coracoclavicular ligaments, resulting in inferomedial displacement of the scapulohumeral complex and alteration of the normal anatomical relations of the shoulder girdle structures. This study evaluated the effect of Rockwood type V AC separation on the anatomical relation of the axillary nerve to the coracoid base. Ten shoulders of 6 adult human cadavers were dissected to determine the dimensions of the coracoid. A digital caliper was used to measure the coracoclavicular distance and the minimal distance between the coracoid base and the axillary nerve. A Rockwood type V AC separation was created by transecting the AC joint capsule and coracoclavicular ligaments, and applying 15 kg of longitudinal tension to the upper extremity. Changes in the distance between the coracoid base and the axillary nerve were measured. Mean width, length, and thickness of the coracoid was 15.05±0.93 mm, 23.1±1.75 mm, and 11.88±1.33 mm, respectively. Mean distance between the coracoid base and the axillary nerve was 26.0±3.9 mm. After simulated Rockwood type V AC separation, mean distance was 22.0±3.4 mm; this difference was statistically significant (
P
=.0263; 95% CI, 2.0–5.9 mm). The axillary nerve is closer to the coracoid base during simulated Rockwood type V AC separation than previously reported in the orthopedic literature. Anatomical reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments for Rockwood type V AC separation presents a higher risk for axillary nerve iatrogenic injury than previously reported. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(1):e68–e72.]
Cannabinoid and Opioid Use Among Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients: A 6-Year, Single-Institution Study
Authors: Denduluri Sahitya K. , Woolson Steven T. , Indelli Pier F. , Mariano Edward R. , Harris Alex H. S. , Giori Nicholas J.
Published: October 2020

Evidence is limited regarding cannabinoid use among total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients, despite increased availability and popularity for treating chronic pain. The authors hypothesized that preoperative cannabinoid use increased and opioid use decreased during a 6-year interval in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients, and also asked whether complications were associated with use of these substances. This retrospective, single-institution study reviewed electronic medical records and the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program (VASQIP) database for TJA cases from 2012 through 2017. Primary outcomes were the prevalence and trends of active cannabinoid and opioid use, as determined by routine preoperative urine toxicology screening. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to investigate a secondary outcome, whether there was an association between cannabinoid or opioid use and postoperative complications. A total of 1778 operations (1161 TKAs and 617 THAs) performed on 1519 patients were reviewed. The overall prevalence of pre-operative cannabinoid and opioid use was 11% and 23%, respectively. Comparing 2012 with 2017, cannabinoid use increased from 9% to 15% (
P
=.049), and opioid use decreased from 24% to 17% (
P
=.040). Cannabinoid users were more likely to be taking opioids than nonusers (
P
=.002). Controlling for age, sex, surgery type, and American Society of Anesthesiologists score, cannabinoid use was not associated with 90-day readmission, infection, reoperation, or other VASQIP-captured complications. Laboratory testing indicated a much higher prevalence of cannabinoid use among TJA patients than previously reported. During a 6-year period, cannabinoid use increased more than 60%, and opioid use decreased approximately 30%. These findings indicate that cannabinoid use did not appear to be associated with perioperative complications. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(1):e101–e106.]
Academic Success for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Nursing Students: An Integrative Review
Authors: Lewis Lisa Scandale , Bell Lacrecia Mebans
Published: October 2020

Background:

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students are at increased risk for attrition from prelicensure nursing programs. The literature clearly describes the struggles of CALD nursing students, and interventions that have increased student satisfaction and feelings of belonging. There is less evidence for interventions that correlate with academic outcomes. This integrative review sought to identify studies with an intervention and evaluation of an academic outcome for CALD nursing students.

Method:

An integrative review was done according to the methodology described by Whittemore and Knafl. Two reviewers evaluated literature from 2000 to 2019 and identified 11 articles for analysis.

Results:

Evidence based strategies to support CALD nursing student academic success include formal educational interventions, linguistic modification of test items, peer support, and multiple intervention programs.

Conclusion:

This review identified evidence-based strategies to support CALD nursing student success and made recommendations for nursing research and education.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(10):551–556.]
A National Survey of Faculty Perceptions of Nutrition in Nursing Education
Authors: Chao Ariana M. , Luong Vivian , Dowd Monique , Compher Charlene
Published: October 2020

Background:

Nurses are situated to provide nutrition education to patients, yet it is not established how prepared nurses are for this role. This study described faculty perceptions of nutrition education in Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) programs.

Method:

This is a cross-sectional study of faculty from 4-year BSN programs. Participants completed an online questionnaire that asked about nutrition instruction at their school.

Results:

Fifty surveys were returned, for a response rate of 35%. Most BSN programs required one (72.7%) or two (4.5%) nutrition courses. On average, students received 52.6 hours of nutrition instruction. Most (68.6%) schools reported more than 25 hours of nutrition education. Competing demands were frequently cited as barriers to providing nutrition education.

Conclusion:

Many schools met the expectation of 25 hours of nutrition education, based on the National Research Council. Many nursing curricula incorporated nutrition topics related to acute care, but training in chronic ambulatory nutrition was limited.[J Nurs Educ. 2020;59(10):566–569.]
Telehealth Education: An Interprofessional Online Immersion Experience in Response to COVID-19
Authors: Rutledge Carolyn , Hawkins Emily J. , Bordelon Michele , Gustin Tina Sweeney
Published: October 2020

Background:

In March 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, universities halted in-person education and health care pivoted to telehealth delivery models. This article describes a nurse-led educational program that transitioned to fully online delivery to prepare interprofessional teams of health care students to use telehealth during the pandemic and beyond.

Method:

Participants included 67 students from seven professions. Researchers developed “the four Ps of telehealth” model to guide the curriculum. The program used pre- and postassessments including the Confidence in Planning for Telehealth Scale, the Telehealth Etiquette Knowledge Scale, and the Confidence in Providing Telehealth Scale.

Results:

There were significant improvements in scores on all scales following the program (
p
= .000).

Conclusion:

The results suggest that comprehensive telehealth education should focus on more than just delivering telehealth but also planning and preparing for its delivery. Programs such as this online program can serve as a model for future telehealth programs to prepare providers.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(10):570–576.]
Nurse-Led Mobile Health Clinics: An Opportunity for Student Scholarship and Faculty Practice
Authors: Cockroft Marianne , Laboy Johanne , Mullen Leight , Hubbell Sara L.
Published: October 2020

Background:

The benefits of nurse-led mobile clinics to the communities they serve have been adequately documented in the nursing and health literature. Nurse-led clinics are credited with a variety of positive outcomes from improving access to care to helping build healthier communities. However, the impact of nurse-led clinics on nursing education has not been as widely discussed.

Method:

A nurse-led, mobile health clinic was established to serve individuals and families facing financial crisis and provide a practice site for students and faculty.

Results:

Students developed nursing skills, including leadership, cultural awareness, active listening, critical thinking, effective communication, and collaboration. In the first 4 years of operation, 30 students have been assigned to the mobile clinic and approximately 2,250 visitors received free health care.

Conclusion:

These findings can inform the implementation of nursing curriculum or activities specifically designed for student involvement in nurse-led mobile health clinics and the development and advancement of nursing skills.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(10):594–596.]
Pensées du corps et différences des sexes à l’époque moderne
Authors: Pellegrin Marie-Frédérique
Published: October 2020

Souvent éludée par l’histoire de la philosophie, la question philosophique et médicale de la différence des sexes est fondamentale à l’époque moderne. Les modèles pour penser cette différence proviennent essentiellement de deux anthropologies opposées : celle de Descartes et celle de Cureau de la Chambre. Leurs sciences de l’être humain examinent tout d’abord les interactions entre corps et esprit, mais elles mettent surtout en valeur les pensées propres du corps par le biais de l’imagination. C’est à même le corps que se décide si femmes et hommes sont égaux. Les lectures critiques de ces deux modèles proposées d’un côté par Malebranche et de l’autre par Poulain de la Barre confirment que le xviie siècle constitue un tournant dans l’analyse psycho-physiologique et morale. La confrontation de ces quatre philosophes permet de comprendre comment se sont constituées des lignées théoriques sur sexe et genre qui sont toujours actuelles : celle de l’égalitarisme et celle d’un différencialisme qui peut être inégalitaire ou égalitaire.
Application Framework of Big Data
Authors: Sahu Mahendra Kumar
Published: October 2020

The 21st century witnessed the development of every sector with the inclusion of big data application. Application of big data plays a pivotal role in academic research by providing information seamlessly. The advent of various technology, such as social networking, cloud computing, IoT, generates huge numbers of data. These data have the characteristics of high value large velocity, large volume, and great variety. The main objective of this chapter is to familiarize big data and its application, and the opportunity and challenges in an academic library. Further, the chapter examines the application framework of big data in academic library based on large scale analysis.
Big Data Concept Information Literacy Perspectives and Applications in Academic Environments
Authors: Shelar Vandana Ravindra , Dusane Pravin R.
Published: October 2020

The investigators have brought out the history of big data, its meaning, its different types such as web data, text data, location and time data, social network data, etc. The characteristics of big data such as volume, velocity, variety, and complexity are discussed. Application of big data in various fields in everyday life is discussed in different fields such detection of fraud, application in agriculture field, banking implication, healthcare implication. Entertainment and media industry is also using it effectively. Big data is also used in weather forecasting, transportation industry, education industry, and sports sector. Future of big data is bright. More data on everything is available today. One needs to analyse everything today in order to implement policies. Software is available to process such voluminous data. The chapter also discusses the influence of big data on Indian governance, digitalization in India, finance and banking sector. In conclusion, one can say there is bright future of big data in various private and public sectors. Today's problem is information overload. One has to be very dexterous in disseminating using information with the help of web tools and software one can use. The investigators also discuss the perspectives and applications in academic. Voluminous data available in the academic environment requires proper accumulation, assembly, access, curation, retrieval, and dissemination. Dexterous skills are required for handling this situation. Information literacy deals with accessing, evaluating, and ethically using information.
Opportunities and Challenges of Using Big Data Applications in Institutions of Higher Learning Libraries and Research Institutions
Authors: Chigwada Josiline Phiri
Published: October 2020

The chapter documents opportunities and challenges experienced when using big data applications in libraries. The objective of the study was to examine the big data applications that are used in libraries. The big data concept is new, and some librarians are not aware of it while others do not have the knowledge and skills of using big data applications. A structured literature review was done to examine how libraries use big data. The search terms that were used were “big data AND libraries.” The findings revealed that libraries are generating big data. The challenges that are experienced include data accuracy, data confidentiality and security, lack of skills to deal with data reduction and compression, and the unavailability of big data processing systems and technology in libraries. The author recommends the up skilling of librarians so that they are able to deal with the challenges of working with big data applications.
Real-Time Recommendation Engine for Readers
Authors: Dhamdhere Sangeeta Namdev , Mane Deepak
Published: October 2020

In today's world, every reader or social media user has different choices/hobbies in terms of reading. For example, if any social media user is searching for a book to read without any specific idea of what s/he wants, s/he wastes a lot of time browsing around on the internet and crawling/trawling through various sites hoping that s/he might get good book. To avoid confusion, the authors are building a recommendation system for every reader/user that helps to recommend a book based on his choices, hobbies, or what s/he had read previously that will be massive help for users instead wasting time on various sites. Data from social media is the powerful fuel that can be used to helps in decision making and building a recommendation engine. Social media data in the different format is biggest challenge for the business to ingest data at the reasonable speed and further process. In social media data, it is difficult to detect and capture data. Real-time recommendation engine for users, which includes data ingestion methods, challenges, metadata problem, analysis, and consumption, is discussed here.
Teacher Candidates Fostering Cultural and Linguistic Identities Through Arts Integration
Authors: LopezLeiva Carlos , Sánchez Rebecca M. , Pauly Nancy , Waldschmidt Eileen , Sweet Amy , Kingsley Karla V. , Duenas Leila Flores , Celedón-Pattichis Sylvia , Putnam Hollie
Published: October 2020

Designing culturally and linguistically relevant and sustaining programs is needed at all levels. Specifically including this approach in teacher education programs is a crucial goal, as what is learned turns into a multiplicative process through new teachers' implementation of this approach in their future classes. This chapter introduces the conceptualization and work of the Teacher Education Collaborative in Language Diversity and Arts Integration (TECLA) program designed to support the development of Elementary Education Teacher Candidates' readiness to teach and work with culturally and linguistically diverse learners through Arts-Integration. This chapter describes five focus areas of the program model in relation to a main event in the program, the Oral History Classroom Museums and we discuss how this process contributed the Teacher Candidates' Identity as Teachers as well as to nurture their pedagogical practices. Examples of each area and affordances and challenges faced in this program are discussed.
Developing a Community of Learners From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds With Social Justice and Inclusive Critical Literacy Practices
Authors: Msengi Shadrack Gabriel
Published: October 2020

This case study is an investigation of cultural and linguistic diverse perspectives among parents, children, teachers, and teacher candidates. Survey and interview data were collected and analyzed to determine how these diverse perspectives affect teachers' application of culturally responsive literacy practices to develop a community of learners. Findings suggest that teachers and teacher candidates knew little about their students' diverse backgrounds. Their participation in the study and initial discussions among teachers, teacher candidates, children, and parents had a positive effect on experienced and novice teachers' knowledge of students. This knowledge included the ability to begin planning and managing instruction, as well as determining appropriate assessments and instructional strategies. Findings also suggest ways these teachers could engage students, families, and teachers in social justice practices.
To Teach as We Are Known
Authors: Morales Amanda R. , Raible John
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, the authors outline the ongoing dialogues, thought processes, and pedagogical moves they make as two seasoned colleagues of color attempting to enhance the cultural competence of students through a critical multicultural education course offered at a public university-based teacher education program. They document how we address many enduring moral, ethical, and epistemological questions through their practice that are unique to educators of color working at predominantly white institutions (PWIs). They frame the work within the literature on diversity and social justice pedagogy and link their own work to the broader well-documented challenges faced by many educators of color at PWIs. They tackle the thorny concept of cultural competence, offering their professional understanding of an admittedly contested topic. They draw on spirituality to ground the “heart and soul work” they undertake that enhances their own critical consciousness as it is continually nurtured in dialogic relation to their students.
Developing Cultural Competence in an Occupational Therapy Program in a Border Institution in South Texas
Authors: Garcia Criselda , Garcia Roel
Published: October 2020

While strong consensus exists for preparing culturally competent occupational therapists as the national minority population grows, scholarship in this area continues to evolve. Conversations and explorations of best practices and perspectives add the practical component related to this phenomenon. Perspectives will be shared for leveraging culture to promote respect within communities from asset-based ideologies from the vantage point of a Latino clinician in a predominately Latino underserved community. The authors provide a brief review of the related literature, unpack the definitions of cultural competence, and discuss the pedagogical approach used by an occupational therapist educator. Framing the conversation from an asset-based pedagogical perspective, the use of culture as resources will be depicted. By honoring community values, beliefs, and assets for developing cultural competence, the authors explore the use of culturally relevant pedagogical approaches in a Hispanic-serving university graduate program situated in the border region of South Texas.
Modeling a Culturally Responsive Mindset
Authors: Dunston Yolanda L. , Jones Patience N.
Published: October 2020

To address the rapidly changing cultural demographic of the United States, educator preparation programs must guide future teachers to create welcoming and equitable classroom communities that establish diverse cultural contexts as the norm and address culture not as an add-on but infused in natural, authentic ways throughout the school year. This chapter provides a rationale for implementing culturally responsive pedagogy by addressing the concept of cultural competence and then offering strategies for creating a welcoming classroom that recognizes and values the whole child and creates an overall positive school culture that promotes inclusion and fosters success for all. Moreover, the chapter addresses the importance of modeling dispositions at the EPP level for normalizing culturally responsive practices so that preservice and beginning teachers will naturally and routinely recognize and employ strategies that make all students feel seen, embraced, and worthy.
Race, Class, and Community Cultural Wealth
Authors: Ezikwelu Evelyn
Published: October 2020

Culture has been established as an integral part of the successful parental involvement of Black parents in K-12 public schools. This chapter explores the implications of institutional racism and classism against Black parents and how schools as social institutions perpetuate discrimination through the hidden curriculum, which often upholds the dominant culture's values, norms, and beliefs. This chapter also investigates how schools operate within the dominant ideology that upholds the White middle-class form of cultural capital as the standard form of capital, thereby devaluing the cultural skills that Black parents use to help children achieve academic success in school. In addition, the literature demonstrates that the unique forms of cultural capital Black parents draw from to help their children succeed in school challenge the dominant ideology that Black parents lack the required capital for school success and are not interested in their children's education.
Gamification and Augmented Reality to Upgrade Elementary Bilingual Education Students' Health and Engagement
Authors: Ramírez-Verdugo M. Dolores , López Moira
Published: October 2020

Sedentary life-style, obesity, and early school leaving have been identified as major causes leading to the biggest health and educational problems in developed countries. This may derive into students showing a not recommended passive role at these ages, which also leads to their lack of interest and motivation in learning and education. This chapter presents an innovation research project which aims to face sedentariness in elementary school by applying an instructional technology-based model with the use of gamification and augmented reality in a bilingual education context. The case study shows several educational advantages, including increase in physical exercise, health awareness, learning engagement, and upgrade in L2 content understanding and linguistic skills.
The Use of Storytelling to Promote Literacy Skills in Biology Education
Authors: Esquivel Martin Tamara , Pérez Martín Jose Manuel , Bravo Torija Beatriz
Published: October 2020

This chapter provides biology teachers with a cell division-based teaching sequence to develop the literacy skills of 10th grade students using the storytelling potential. The objectives are 1) to analyze the design process of this sequence and 2) to examine how it is implemented in two classrooms in terms of a communicative approach. The sequence design is informed by the didactical transposition approach. The authors analyze the transformation of reference knowledge, firstly, into a teaching sequence of four activities organized around authentic issues, such as cancer treatment or reproductive problems, and then, into taught knowledge. The results show that the use of storytelling in design could enhance students' scientific literacy, scientific discourse, and problem-solving competence, as it allows for their greater participation (80-90% of utterances). Interactive approaches (8/10 episodes) predominate in experts-learners discussions, improving students' view of science as a process and not as a closed set of notions.
Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students
Authors: Hancı-Azizoglu Eda Başak
Published: October 2020

The structure of American public schools has altered within the past 30 years due to receiving extensive number of linguistically diverse students. The fact that culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students often experience academic failure within the U.S. public schools creates a subgroup of students who cannot achieve their educational goals. The purpose of this study is to explore ideal practices in order to enhance teachers' and policy makers' perceptions and awareness on the unique needs of CALD students. The findings of this study reveal the fact that ineffective methods for teaching CALD students and short-term goal-oriented educational policies fall short of meeting the academic needs of CALD students, and this research offers a conceptual framework that could contribute to CALD students' intellectual growth through effective and constructive language learning practices.
The Role of Teacher Dispositions in a Global Teaching Context
Authors: von Hohenberg Sara Clemm , Broderick Maggie
Published: October 2020

Dispositions are a vital aspect to teacher preparation. Dispositions provide the holistic view to teaching future teachers that is often missing in teacher preparation programs. Commonly, the focus of training in teacher preparation programs is on pedagogical and content specific instruction. However, teacher preparation programs have a greater responsibility to further prepare candidates through dispositional development. In the 21st century, it is imperative that teachers are communicatively and culturally competent. Teacher dispositions relate directly to 21st century skills. This chapter focuses on defining dispositions, explaining their significance in teacher preparation programs and establishing how dispositional training can be employed in practical settings. Including teacher dispositions as an integral aspect of teacher preparation globally could help to establish meaningful and clear connections regarding what is truly needed for successful intercultural and international education in the 21st century.