bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostics of porcelain insulators by partial discharges characteristics
Authors: Gataullin A. M. , Gavrilenko A. N. , Piskovatskiy Yu. V. , Minkin A. S.
Published: October 2024

RELEVANCE of the research is in the development of a non-destructive method for diagnosing porcelain insulators of high-voltage electrical equipment based on analysis of the characteristics of partial discharges (PDs). The problem of the final stage of breakdown of both the discharge gap and porcelain insulators recognizing is currently has not solved. THE PURPOSE. Recognition of PDs in solid insulation, study of PDs characteristics in a pre- breakdown situation, recognition of defective insulators based on PDs characteristics analysing. METHODS. The study of PDs characteristics for a defective and functional porcelain insulator were carried out. To study the characteristics of various types of PDs, including in the pre-breakdown situation, a system of surface-needle electrode system was used. RESULTS. The article describes compares the PDs characteristics obtained using standard R-400 device and a digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) using a telescopic antenna. A technique for recognizing the development of the pre-breakdown situation of the surface-needle discharge gap and the porcelain insulator was developed. The technique for recognizing a defective porcelain insulator from the amplitude-phase diagrams (APD) of PDs was developed. The method for assessing the breakdown voltage of porcelain insulators based on the characteristics of partial discharges was developed. CONCLUSION. At the moment of transition to the pre-breakdown stage were observed a sharp increase in the counter-movement of charges of opposite polarity. In the stage immediately before the breakdown, near zero values of the applied voltage of negative polarity, ordered PDs of the same polarity as the applied voltage were recorded in large numbers. These discharges led to an increase in leakage current and were interpreted as initial corona discharges. These discharges were recorded both by a telescopic antenna in a surface-needle system and in porcelain insulators.
De ciudades núcleo a periféricas: Dinámicas de migración interna en las áreas metropolitanas de Colombia, 1993-2018
Authors: Lizcano Palacio Juan José , Bayona i Carrasco Jordi , Thiers Quintana Jenniffer
Published: October 2024

En la segunda mitad del siglo XX, Colombia experimentó un cambio migratorio interno significativo, con los municipios periféricos de las áreas metropolitanas emergiendo como nuevos centros de atracción en contraste con sus ciudades núcleo. Con la intención de validar la persistencia de esta tendencia y de conocer el estado reciente de los flujos migratorios internos, este estudio, basado en datos de los Censos de 1993, 2005 y 2018, realiza un análisis comparativo de la intensidad y los efectos de crecimiento y redistribución en las dinámicas migratorias internas en ocho áreas metropolitanas colombianas. Los resultados revelan una transformación clara: las ciudades periféricas han ganado prominencia como centros de atracción, mientras que las ciudades núcleo han experimentado una relativa disminución en su atractivo, situando a Colombia en una fase de relativa descentralización dentro de la etapa de suburbanización. Este fenómeno destaca la importancia de comprender los factores que impulsan esta reconfiguración espacial, destacando el papel central que juegan los flujos interurbanos y las áreas metropolitanas en la dinámica migratoria interna del país. Además, se resalta la relevancia de continuar investigando estos procesos para mejorar las políticas públicas y la planificación urbana en Colombia y territorios con características similares.
Study of piezoelectric properties of aluminum nitride films formed on aluminum and molybdenum layers for creation of microelectronic FBAR
Authors:   Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (Institute of Radiophysics and Physical Electronics), 644024, Omsk, pr. Karla Marksa, 15, Kuklev А.Yu. ,   Omsk Scientific-Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, 644071, Omsk, Maslennikova, 231,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, 644077, Omsk, pr. Mira, 55-A, Strunin V.I. ,   Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (Institute of Radiophysics and Physical Electronics), 644024, Omsk, pr. Karla Marksa, 15,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, 644077, Omsk, pr. Mira, 55-A, Baranova L.V. ,   Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (Institute of Radiophysics and Physical Electronics), 644024, Omsk, pr. Karla Marksa, 15,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, 644077, Omsk, pr. Mira, 55-A, Davletkildeev N.A. ,   Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (Institute of Radiophysics and Physical Electronics), 644024, Omsk, pr. Karla Marksa, 15,   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, 644077, Omsk, pr. Mira, 55-A, Chirikov N.A. ,   Omsk Scientific Center SB RAS (Institute of Radiophysics and Physical Electronics), 644024, Omsk, pr. Karla Marksa, 15,   Omsk Scientific-Research Institute of Instrument Engineering, 644071, Omsk, Maslennikova, 231
Published: October 2024

The paper presents the results of AFM measurements of piezomodulus d33 in aluminum nitride films obtained by vacuum magnetron sputtering in a reactive gas atmosphere of argon and nitrogen. Dependences of piezomodule d33 on technological parameters are presented of sputtering AlN films, such as substrate temperature, magnetron discharge power, and the Ar/N2 ratio. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, the optimal technological modes of formation of aluminum nitride films have been determined aluminum nitride films for the formation of the piezoelectric layer of the FBAR.
Implementing Feedforward-based Collaborative Assessment at Higher Education
Authors: Thu Thi Nguyen Hong
Published: October 2024

The study examines the use of feedforward-based collaborative assessment (FbCA) for students majoring in foreign languages at a tertiary institution in Vietnam. A mixed-method research approach was utilized to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from 306 English major students and eight teachers. Research instruments such as questionnaires, reflective diaries, observations, and interviews were employed to assess the perceptions of students and instructors regarding the significance of implementing FbCA, its impact on students' learning engagement and academic achievement, and students' expectations for changes in assessment mechanisms to ensure the effective use of FbCA. The findings highlighted several benefits of FbCA in terms of skill, knowledge, and practice development. This evaluation approach enhanced students' learning motivation and positively contributed to their academic performance. However, the qualitative data also revealed various challenges related to the effective implementation of assessment practices and the maintenance of academic integrity. Based on these findings, recommendations were made for improving teaching, learning, and assessment practices. Keywords: academic performance, collaborative assessment, feedforward assessment, foreign language-majored students, learning motivation
The Ustica Tragedy in 1980 Italy: War in the Mediterranean?
Authors: Merlati Mariele
Published: October 2024

On June 27 1980, during the night, a civil airplane (DC-9 Itavia) flying from Bologna to Palermo in Italy blew up and disappeared into the Mediterranean Sea next to Ustica island. All 81 passengers on board died. The most complete inquiry conducted by Judge Rosario Priore concluded in 1999 that the DC-9 accident “occurred following military interception activity”. It did not, however, identify any guilty party. In 2007 Francesco Cossiga, who was Prime Minister in 1980, declared that the DC-9 was mistakenly shot down by a French missile, so leading to the reopening of the case with new international information requests. More recently Giuliano Amato, a PSI leader and Prime Minister in 1992, partially confirmed Cossiga’s words, speaking about a NATO covert action aimed to strike a Libyan aircraft (because of the alleged presence of Qadhafi on board) which was hiding itself under the Italian civil airplane. More than forty years after the events, however, we still do not know exactly what the reasons underlying the tragedy were and which countries were guilty and the Ustica tragedy is still one of the biggest unsolved mysteries of Italy. The aim of the present paper is not, of course, that to reach a complete conclusion as to who is directly to blame for the tragedy. As an international historian, the aim of the author is instead to turn back to the events of that time trying to put together the many pieces of the puzzle and to provide a plausible international framework for the tragedy. It is not possible, in fact, to isolate what happened in Italy on June 27 1980 from the patchwork of international tension of that time (from Afghanistan and Iran to Middle East, North Africa and Malta just to mention the main arc of crisis) as well as from the traditional dual track of Italy’s foreign policy, the Atlantic one and the Mediterranean one. Keywords: Ustica, Italy, Libya, War, Cold War
Arachis woodii (Leguminosae): una nueva especie del Pantanal boliviano
Authors: Seijo José G. , Atahuachi B. Margoth , García Alejandra V. , Krapovickas † Antonio
Published: October 2024

Continuando con el análisis de los materiales coleccionados en expediciones botánicas realizadas en regiones poco exploradas de Bolivia desde el año 2000, presentamos una nueva especie para la ciencia: Arachis woodii. Esta especie fue coleccionada múltiples veces de una sola localidad en el borde occidental del Pantanal, prosperando en suelos negros poco profundos sobre afloramientos rocosos. Aunque la morfología de sus órganos vegetativos se asemeja, en cierta medida, a la de A. glandulifera y a la de especies del genoma K, un conjunto de características permite distinguirla. Arachis woodii presenta frutos grandes, algo aplanados dorsiventralmente, con un pico prominente, similar a los zapatos clásicos de los elfos. El exocarpo es marrón oscuro, profundamente reticulado. Además, la superficie inferior de los folíolos tiene cerdas sin un disco de tejido glandular en la base, un rasgo que la distingue claramente de A. glandulifera. Los análisis cromosómicos y de marcadores moleculares indican que esta especie no pertenecería a ninguno de los tipos genómicos descriptos hasta el momento para la sección Arachis.
Pengaruh Intervensi Self-Management Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Perawat di Rumah Sakit Tipe C Yogyakarta
Authors: Intening Vivi Retno , Diah Listiani  , I Wayan Sudarta  , Yullya Permina
Published: October 2024

Background: Job satisfaction is a manifestation of the success of employees in carrying out their responsibilities at work. Self-management is self-regulation in the use of time, choices, interests, activities, and physical and mental balance. The results of measuring nurse job satisfaction amid the COVID-19 pandemic decreased and affected the quality of hospital services.
Objective: This research aims to determine the effect of self-management interventions on nurse job satisfaction at type C private hospital in Yogyakarta.
Methods: Pre-experimental research design, one group pre-posttest. The research population is nurses at type C private hospital in Yogyakarta. The sample in this study was 45 respondents using a total population technique as the sample. This study used the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire and the intervention was carried out online meeting.
Results: The majority was female with a percentage (86.7%), the ages of nurses were 31-38 years with the most (42.2%), Diploma III education dominated (82.3%). Wilcoxon obtained Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) worth 0.001. The value of 0.001 is less than 0.05, so H0 is rejected and Hα is accepted.
Conclusion: There is an effect of self-management interventions on the job satisfaction of nurses at type C private hospital in Yogyakarta.
Pemberian Hidroterapi (Rendam Kaki Air Hangat) untuk Mengatasi Risiko Perfusi Serebral Tidak Efektif pada Pasien Hipertensi
Authors: Sari Dita Indah Wulan , Wulandari Tri Suraning
Published: October 2024

Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure is a medical condition that can lead to ineffective cerebral perfusion risk. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can be used to address this issue is hydrotherapy (warm foot immersion). Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of hydrotherapy in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of hydrotherapy (warm foot immersion) in addressing ineffective cerebral perfusion risk in hypertensive patients.
Methods: This was a qualitative study with a case study design involving two adult female patients with hypertension and ineffective cerebral perfusion risk. The nursing intervention provided was hydrotherapy (warm foot immersion) for 30 minutes with water temperature around 40°C for three consecutive days. Data were collected through participatory observation and interviews, and analyzed by comparing patient facts with theory.
Results: The evaluation results showed a significant decrease in blood pressure in both patients after hydrotherapy. In the first patient, blood pressure decreased from 169/96 mmHg to 150/87 mmHg, while in the second patient, it decreased from 184/123 mmHg to 151/102 mmHg. The cerebral perfusion evaluation results also showed a gradual improvement from the first day to the third day, with indicators ranging from moderately decreased to increased.
Conclusion: This case study demonstrated that hydrotherapy (warm foot immersion) is effective in lowering blood pressure and addressing ineffective cerebral perfusion risk in hypertensive patients. These findings are consistent with previous research and support the use of hydrotherapy as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing this nursing problem.
Kewenangan Ptun Mengadili Kasus Lingkungan (Studi Kasus Putusan 42/G/LH/2020/PTUN.MDN)
Authors: Rayhan Ahmad , Azril Ridwandani , Aicle Samuel
Published: October 2024

Environmental Pollution is one of the main problems faced by people all over the world, especially Indonesia, if there is environmental pollution, the community can complain about it to the competent court. In this study, a problem arose regarding the authority of the State Administrative Court in adjudicating environmental case disputes (DECISION 42/G/LH/2020/PTUN.MDN). The research method used is normative juridical. The findings show that Article 47 of Law Number 5 of 1986 as amended by Law Number 9 of 2004 outlines the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court in the Indonesian justice system, including its role in assessing, deciding and resolving state problems. Administrative disputes in the case of the Medan State Administrative Court certainly have absolute and relative authority in their decisions on these disputes.
Kompetisi untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Remaja: Studi Pada Yayasan X
Authors: Bramanwidyantari Maria , A. Agatha Elvira , P.B. Susetyo Daniel
Published: October 2024

Remaja perlu dibekali dengan berbagai hal positif untuk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mereka menghadapi proses pendewasaan. Namun bagi remaja yang tinggal di panti, banyak tantangan yang diperoleh agar dapat tumbuh dengan baik. Salah satunya adalah kepercayaan diri. Tidak adanya dukungan dari orang tua terkadang membuat anak asuh menjadi tidak percaya diri. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan satu cara untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri, yaitu melalui kompetisi. Sebanyak 20 orang remaja yang menghuni Pondok Yayasan X menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Melalui metode kuasi eksperimen, diperoleh peningkatan rasa percaya diri yang signifikan setelah mengikuti intervensi dengan t(19) = -5.76, p<0.001. Intervensi ini dapat memberikan gambaran bagi pengelola panti untuk memberikan stimulus sederhana kepada anak-anak asuh agar rasa percaya diri dapat tumbuh dengan optimal. Kajian lebih lanjut tentang perlunya kompetisi untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan diri perlu dilakukan.
Hubungan Antara Komunikasi Efektif dengan Team Work Pada Karyawan Di Seven Inc Yogyakarta
Authors: Fazira Dinda Lulu , Juliarti Bantam Dian
Published: October 2024

Organisasi dapat berkembang karena adanya karyawan yang terlibat. Tujuan organisasi akan tercapai jika karyawan mengupayakan dengan baikvisi dan misi organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara komunikasi efektif dengan team work pada karyawan di Seven Inc Yogyakarta. Komunikasi efektif merupakan sebuah proses pembentukan, penyampaian, penerimaan, dan pengolahan pesan yang terjadi di dalam diri individu dengan tujuan tertentu. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori dari Morgan pada team work yang telah dimodifikasi berdasarkan Dewa (2018) dan skala yang digunakan untuk meneliti komunikasi efektif adalah skala komunikasi efektif yang telah dimodifikasi berdasarkan Ardyawin (2017) berdasarkan teori dari Tubss dan Moss untuk mengumpulkan data. Subjek penelitian ini adalah laki-laki dan perempuan dengan rentang usia 20 sampai 25 tahun. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasional dengan subjek 100 karyawan yang berlokasi di Seven Inc Yogyakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data yang peneliti gunakan adalah kuesioner. Analisis hipotesis menggunakan analisis korelasi Spearman rho. Hasil uji hipotesis diperoleh nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dan dianalisis hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hipotesis penelitian ini dapat diterima, artinya terdapat hubungan positif.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Pelarut Dalam Ekstraksi Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.) Terhadap Aktivitas Peredaman Radikal Bebas DPPH
Authors: Luluk Luluk nurjanah , Pratama Nofran Putra , Sari Kurnia Rahayu Purnomo
Published: October 2024

Background: The decreased  physiological  function  is  influenced  by age and degenerative diseases. Degenerative diseases can be caused by free radicals. Neutralization  of free radicals  can  be done by giving antioxidants.  However, synthetic antioxidants cause many side effects so that natural antioxidants are needed  from  natural  ingredients.  Celery  (Apium  graveolens L.)  is  a  natural antioxidant that can be used as antioxidant because celery contains flavonoid compounds.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of different solvents of ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane in the extraction of celery herbs on the free radical scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).
Method: Celery herbs were extracted using the maceration method to obtain ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts. The extract was then tested for its  free  radical  scavenging  activity  using  the  1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The principle of the DPPH method is that a hydrogen atom binds to a free radical, causing the free radical to become a non-radical.
Result: The results showed that 96% ethanol extract of celery had the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 4.084 g/mL, followed by ethyl acetate 15.250 g/mL, and n-hexane 28.206 g/mL.
Conclusion: which the three solvents could be categorized as very active.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Team Games Tournament Berbantuan Quizwhizzer terhadap Hasil Belajar Geografi Siswa Fase F di SMAN 3 Kota Solok
Authors: Wati Nadiah Kurnia , Mariya Sri
Published: October 2024

Model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament (TGT) dan media pembelajaran Quizwhizzer menawarkan alternatif untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan Model TGT yang dibantu oleh Quizwhizzer terhadap hasil belajar geografi siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan eksperimen semu. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling menghasilkan dua kelompok, yaitu kelas XI Fase F.4 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas XI Fase F.5 sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui lembar tes untuk menilai hasil belajar siswa. Analisis data melibatkan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji hipotesis, dan uji n-gain. Penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa dari hasil uji hipotesis, nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh adalah 0,041, yang lebih kecil dari 0,05. Ini berarti H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan dari penggunaan Model TGT dengan bantuan Quizwhizzer terhadap hasil belajar Geografi. Penguatan ini didukung oleh hasil uji N-Gain Score yang mencatat angka 59,39% untuk kelas eksperimen dan 52,51% untuk kelas kontrol, yang menunjukkan efektivitas Model TGT dengan bantuan Quizwhizzer dalam meningkatkan pencapaian belajar siswa.
The Effects of Quercetin on the Expression of Collagen I, Collagen III and Elastin in Vaginal: An Experimental Animal Study
Authors: Hadi Tri Hastono Setyo , Hardianto Gatut , Kurniawati Eighty Mardiyan , Parathon Harry , Yudaniayanti Ira Sari , Utomo Budi , Santoso Budi Iman
Published: October 2024

Background: Vulvovaginal atrophy is part of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause caused by hypoestrogenic changes. This pathophysiological mechanism alters the concentration of collagen and elastin, which modifies the vaginal mucosa and impairs the function of the pelvic floor muscles. Quercetin is one of the flavonols found in plants, fruits, and vegetables. Quercetin helps to improve the syndrome through a variety of actions and estrogen-like effects. This study aimed to analyze the impact of quercetin on collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in a vaginal menopausal rat model. Method: This study's research design was an in vivo randomized control group post-test. The research was conducted at the animal laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Rattus norvegicus, used in the study, were divided into 5 groups: normal rat, menopausal model without treatment, menopausal model given 17-β estradiol valerate 0.18 mg/kg, quercetin 12.5 mg/kg, and quercetin 50 mg/kg. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed from the immunohistochemical expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in vaginal tissue. Results: The standard group in this study had the highest average expression levels of collagen I and elastin. The group of menopausal models without treatment in the study had the highest average expression of collagen III. Collagen I expression (p < 0.001), collagen III expression (p < 0.001), and elastin expression (p < 0.001) all showed significant differences. The menopausal rat model without treatment and the standard group showed the most differences in the expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin. Conclusions: The expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in the vagina of the menopausal model was affected by the administration of quercetin at a level of 50 mg/kg. Thus, quercetin can be an alternative herbal treatment option to improve vulvovaginal atrophy in menopausal conditions.
Investigating Associations between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy Outcomes and Effects of Levothyroxine Therapy on Improving Maternal and Infant Prognosis
Authors: Li Chen , Li Xia
Published: October 2024

Background: Current evidence shows subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, though some controversies exist. However, little is known on the impacts and effectiveness of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy on pregnancy outcomes in women with SCH. Present study aims to investigate the associations between SCH and adverse pregnancy outcomes and clinical effects of levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy in patients with SCH. Methods: The clinical data of pregnant women (n = 635) with SCH who referred to Huai'an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huaian, China from June 2018 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 147 cases received standard thyroxine replacement therapy, 292 cases did not receive treatment and 150 cases who received irregular treatment or did not achieve the target or were lost to follow-up. 46 cases whose thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) was not checked during pregnancy were not included in the study. According to the TPOAb test results patients were divided into positive treatment (n = 14), negative treatment (n = 133), positive untreated (n = 19), or negative untreated (n = 273) subgroups. A total of 1876 pregnant women with normal thyroid function (TPOAb positive = 59; TPOAb negative = 1817) who delivered during the same period were selected as the control group. Pregnancy outcomes were assessed and compared between treated and control group, untreated and control group, TPOAb positive treatment subgroup and TPOAb positive and untreated subgroup, TPOAb negative treatment subgroup and TPOAb negative subgroup, and TPOAb positive and TPOAb negative subgroup. Results: Our data showed that the incidences of hypertensive disease, premature delivery, fetal growth restriction and fetal death during pregnancy in the untreated group were significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05). The incidence of preterm delivery in the treatment group was significantly lower compared to the untreated group and the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence of premature birth in TPOAb positive treatment subgroup was significantly lower than their peers in TPOAb positive and untreated subgroup. The incidence of premature delivery in TPOAb negative treatment subgroup was significantly lower than TPOAb negative untreated subgroup and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes between TPOAb positive subgroup and TPOAb negative subgroup in the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusions: SCH during pregnancy is a risk factor for hypertensive disease during pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, premature delivery and fetal death. L-T4 replacement therapy improves maternal and infant outcomes in patients with SCH during pregnancy, regardless of whether or not TPOAb is positive.
Value of Maternal Renal Function Indicators in Predicting Small for Gestational Age Infants in Patient with Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Li Mingwei , Zhang Pan , Fan Xizhenzi , Song Wenhui , Su Achou , Zhang Xue , He Hongmei , Yu Tianxiao
Published: October 2024

Background: Severe preeclampsia poses significant health risks to both pregnant patients and their newborns. Our goal was to explore the association between serum renal function related indicators in pregnant patients with severe preeclampsia and the occurrence of small for gestational age (SGA) infants, as well as to further identify independent risk factors for SGA based on these indicators. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study. We evaluated the renal function indicators of 127 severe preeclampsia pregnant patients and 127 normal pregnant patients antenatally who delivered in Shijiazhuang Fourth Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences in clinical data between two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between renal function indicators and newborn weight in severe preeclampsia pregnant patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal critical values of the above indicators, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for severe preeclampsia combined with SGA. Results: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and serum uric acid (SUA) in severe preeclampsia patients with SGA were higher than severe preeclampsia without SGA (p < 0.05 vs. all groups). In the severe preeclampsia group, these indicators were significantly negatively correlated with birth weight (p < 0.001 vs. all groups), whereas no correlation was observed in the control group. In the severe preeclampsia group, a ROC analysis was performed based on whether the infants were small for gestational age, and the indicators were divided into two groups according to the optimal cut-off value. After adjusting for confounding factors, elevated BUN (≥4.9 mmol/L) served as an independent risk factor for severe preeclampsia patients with SGA (odds ratio (OR) = 4.336, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.781–10.552, p = 0.001), and the corresponding area under the curve was 0.661 (0.572, 0.743). Conclusions: Serum renal function indicators in pregnant patients with severe preeclampsia were significantly associated with the occurrence of small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Moreover, elevated maternal BUN levels (≥4.9 mmol/L) prior to delivery may indicate the occurrence of SGA. However, we also acknowledge that the predictive power of this single marker is limited.
FBW7-Mediated Degradation of CHD3 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis and Stemness to Enhance Oxaliplatin Sensitivity
Authors: Li Shijie , Fan Tingting , Wu Changjun
Published: October 2024

Background: Ubiquitination plays a key role in various cancers, and F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBW7) is a tumor suppressor that targets several cancer-causing proteins for ubiquitination. This paper set out to pinpoint the role of FBW7 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: The target proteins of FBW7 and the expression of hromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3 (CHD3) were analyzed in liver HCC (LIHC) samples using the BioSignal Data website. The effects of CHD3 and FBW7 on HCC cell viability, migration, invasion and stemness were investigated through cell counting kit (CCK)-8, wound healing, transwell and sphere formation assays. Detection on CHD3 and FBW7 expressions as well as their relationship was performed employing quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination and western blot analyses. Results: The prediction of Ubibrowser revealed CHD3 as a target protein of FBW7. The data of starBase exhibited a higher expression level of CHD3 in LIHC samples relative to normal samples. CHD3 was upregulated in HCC cells. CHD3 knockdown inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, stemness and oxaliplatin sensitivity. FBW7 targeted CHD3 for ubiquitination. FBW7 overexpression restrained HCC cell migration, invasion and stemness, and attenuated the effects of overexpressed CHD3 on promoting migration, invasion, stemness and oxaliplatin resistance in HCC cells. Conclusion: FBW7 overexpression suppresses HCC cell metastasis, stemness and oxaliplatin resistance via targeting CHD3 for ubiquitylation and degradation.
Estimation of Plasma Concentration of L-Carnosine and its Correlation with Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder Children: A Pilot Clinical Trial
Authors: Abraham Debi Ann , Narasimhan Udayakumar , Mahalingam Vijayakumar Thangavel , Krishnan Manikandan , Ganesan Rajanandh Muhasaparur , Goh Khang Wen , Tan Ching Siang , Ming Long Chiau , Ardianto Chrismawan
Published: October 2024

Background: Literature indicates that L-carnosine may be deficient in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. The aim of the present study was to estimate the level of L-carnosine in plasma and correlate it with the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale 2nd Edition, Standard Version (CARS2-ST) scores. To measure L-carnosine level, a bio-analytical method was developed using reverse phase high- liquid chromatography and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Method: Children were supplemented with L-carnosine (10–15 mg/kg) along with standard care therapies for 2 months. Before and after supplementation, scores on the ATEC, CARS2-ST, BEARS sleep screening tool, 6-item Gastrointestinal Severity Index, and Parental Stress Scale were evaluated, and L-carnosine was measured at the end of the trial. Results: The calibration curve was linear in the range of 100–600 ng/mL (R2 = 0.998). The level of L-carnosine quantified was 33.7 ± 0.2 ng/mL. There was no significant difference found in any of the outcome measures (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the fact that L-carnosine is detectable in the blood, it was found to be ineffective in the management of ASD in children. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry-India, registration number: CTRI/2019/07/020102.
Association Between Enlarged Perivascular Spaces and Early Acute Ischemic Stroke with Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tu Yu , Peng Jiewei , Gong Xuan , Zhu Peipei , Zhang Chengtao , Liu Yuqi , Huang Rong , Li Baizhu , Zhuo Wenyan
Published: October 2024

Background: Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) are commonly detected via magnetic resonance imaging. It is unclear whether EPVSs are associated with cognitive impairment within one month after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) (i.e., early AIS with cognitive impairment (EAIS-CI)). This study explored the severity and location of EPVSs and their association with EAIS-CI severity and provides clinicians with early warning indicators before the onset of typical clinical symptoms in the Chinese population. Methods: The clinical data of 208 patients (176 AIS patients and 32 controls) were prospectively analyzed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Beijing version (MoCA-BJ) score as the primary group criterion and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score as a supplementary criterion. When EPVS I as the main EPVS type detected by imaging, the basal ganglia (BG) is the area most severely affected. Statistical analysis was conducted on the relevant clinical data. Results: AIS patients were grouped based on MoCA-BJ scores. Age (p < 0.01), education level (p = 0.02), EPVS I as the main EPVS type (p < 0.01), the number of right-sided BG-EPVSs (p = 0.04), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) (Fazekas scores: p = 0.02), brain atrophy (global cortical atrophy scores: p < 0.01, Koedam posterior atrophy visual scale scores: p = 0.01, medial temporal lobe atrophy scores: p < 0.01) and AIS lesion volume (p = 0.01) were significantly greater in the EAIS-CI group than in the EAIS without cognitive impairment group. The cognitive domains of attention (p = 0.04) and orientation (p < 0.01) were more closely associated with EPVS I as the main EPVS type. However, multivariate regression analysis did not identify EPVS I as the main EPVS type as the main risk factor for EAIS-CI (p = 0.098). Grouping by MMSE scores revealed that EPVS I as the main EPVS type was linked to low education level (p < 0.01) and was significantly associated with EAIS in individuals with cognitive dementia (p < 0.01). Conclusions: As a result of multiple factors, EAIS-CI is significantly associated with a low education level, BG-EPVS, WMHs, and worsening brain atrophy severity. Imaging markers, such as the severity of BG-EPVS, can assist in the early diagnosis and assessment of EAIS-CI. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry (https://www.chictr.org.cn/), registration number: ChiCTR2000038819.
Copper Overload Promotes β-amyloid Induced NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhu Min-Juan , Zhang Ling , Wang Chang-Peng
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline and abnormal protein accumulation. Copper imbalance and pyroptosis play significant roles in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies have suggested that dysregulated copper homeostasis contributed to β-amyloid accumulation, which may activate the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-related pyroptosis pathway, promoting neuronal damages and AD progression. Therefore, the present study aims to investigates whether copper facilitates AD through exacerbating β-amyloid (Aβ) induced activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1/Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated neuronal cell pyroptosis. Methods: Mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells were cultured with Aβ1-42 oligomer for 24 h as AD Model group. CuCl2 treatment was administered to the AD cell model, and cell survivability levels were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and other relevant kits. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using Mitochondrial membrane potential dye JC-1 and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After intervention with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway by copper ions (Cu2+) was confirmed via Western Blot. Thioredoxin T (ThT) fluorescence assay was performed to observe the aggregation effect of Aβ induced by Cu2+ overload. Results: CuCl2 treatment of the AD cell model resulted in up-regulation of the levels of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-18 expression, which indicated activation of pyroptosis. We observed a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial swelling, and loss of mitochondrial cristae by fluorescence microscopy and TEM. ThT fluorescence imaging showed that Cu2+ promoted Aβ aggregation and up-regulated NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ACS), Caspase-1, Cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD, and Gasdermin D N-terminal (GSDMD-NT). The NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 partially reversed Cu2+-mediated pyroptosis in HT-22 cells. Conclusions: Exposure to copper ions disrupt mitochondrial copper homeostasis, promotes Aβ aggregation, and activates NLRP3 inflammasomes, further promoting the Aβ aggregation activated pyroptosis in AD cell models.
Impact of Kidney Function on Physiological Assessment of Coronary Circulation
Authors: Zasada Wojciech , Zdzierak Barbara , Rakowski Tomasz , Bobrowska Beata , Krawczyk-Ożóg Agata , Surowiec Sławomir , Bartuś Stanisław , Surdacki Andrzej , Dziewierz Artur
Published: October 2024

Background: Diagnosing myocardial ischemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is crucial since coronary artery disease (CAD) forms the predominant cause of mortality in these patients. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of kidney function on the results of coronary circulation physiological assessment. Methods: Data were collected from 279 consecutive patients admitted to the Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions at the University Hospital in Krakow. A total of 417 vessels were assessed for fractional flow reserve (FFR) and non-hyperemic resting pressure ratios, such as instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR). Patients were categorized into two groups: glomerular filtration rate (GFR)-L (estimated GFR (eGFR) <70 mL/min/1.73 m2) and GFR-H (eGFR ≥70 mL/min/1.73 m2). Results: A total of 118 patients (42.3%) were included in the GFR-L group, while 161 patients (57.7%) were in the GFR-H group. The left anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD) was the assessed vessel in approximately 60% of procedures, the frequency of which was very similar in both study groups. Focusing solely on LAD assessments, both FFR metrics (continuous and binary) were comparable between the groups. In contrast, for non-LAD vessels, the GFR-H group revealed substantially reduced FFR values, with more vessels displaying significant constriction. Patients in the GFR-H group showed higher instances of FFR+ $\vert{}$ iFR/RFR- discrepancies than their lower eGFR counterparts. An eGFR of 70 mL/min/1.73 m2 was the optimal cut-off to differentiate patients concerning the mentioned discrepancies. Conclusions: Kidney function influenced the coronary circulation physiological assessment results. Patients with reduced eGFR tended to have negative hyperemic assessments, especially in non-LAD vessels.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Takayasu Arteritis Undergoing Open or Endovascular Operations in China
Authors: Zhang Xihao , Gui Liang , Li Ruihao , Wu Zhiyuan , Chen Zuoguan , Diao Yongpeng , Miao Yuqing , Li Yongjun
Published: October 2024

Background: The operation rate for different involved arteries and the manifestation of vessel involvement of patients with Takayasu arteritis undergoing open or endovascular operations remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, vessel involvement, angiographic classification and operations information in a large cohort of patients with Takayasu arteritis undergoing open or endovascular operations at a single centre in China. Methods: From January 2017 to October 2022, a total of 153 consecutive patients undergoing open or endovascular operations were recruited from the Department of Vascular Surgery of Beijing Hospital. The demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, pattern of vascular involvement and operation information were collected and analysed. Results: The majority of patients were female (128/153, 83.7%). The most common vascular finding was hypertension (66.7%). The subclavian (74.2%), carotid (70.1%) and renal (68.9%) arteries were the most commonly involved arteries. Type V (40.5%) was the most common angiographic classification pattern. A total of 296 open or endovascular operations were performed, including 73 percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTAs), 50 stent placements and 173 bypass graft operations. Patients with renal (83.3%) or carotid (65.2%) artery involvement had markedly higher rates of undergoing operations. Conclusions: The subclavian and carotid arteries, as well as the type V (40.5%) pattern, exhibited the highest frequency of involvement among patients with Takayasu arteritis who underwent open or endovascular operations. Variations in angiographic features can result in differences in clinical manifestations and significantly impact the possibility and modality of operations.
Efficacy and Safety of Chlortalidone and Hydrochlorothiazide in Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Song Xiang-Ning , Wang Liang , Shen Zhu-Jun
Published: October 2024

Background: The variance between guideline recommendations and real-world usage might stem from the perception that chlorthalidone poses a higher risk of adverse effects, although there is no clear evidence of disparities in cardiovascular outcomes. It is crucial to assess both the clinical cardiovascular effects and adverse reactions of both drugs for clinical guidance. In this study, we present a comprehensive and updated analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of chlorthalidone (CHLOR) versus hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases through lower the blood pressure. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using reputable databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science up to April 2023, to identify studies that compared the efficacy and safety of CHLOR versus HCTZ for the long term prognosis of cardiovascular disease. This analysis represents the most up-to-date and systematic evidence on the comparative efficacy and safety of CHLOR and HCTZ for cardiovascular diseases. Results: Our review included a total of 6 eligible articles with a cohort of 368,066 patients, of which 36,999 were treated with CHLOR and 331,067 were treated with HCTZ. The primary diagnosis studied in six articles was hypertension. Initial features between the two different groups were comparable across every possible outcome. These papers followed patients using the two drugs over a long period of time to compare the differences in the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, and the results were as follows, the confidence interval is described in square brackets, followed by the p-value: We measured the outcomes of myocardial infarction with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.80 [0.56, 1.14], p = 0.41, heart failure with an OR of 0.86 [0.64, 1.14], p = 0.05, cardiovascular events with an OR of 1.85 [0.53, 6.44], p = 0.34, non-cancer-related death with an OR of 1.02 [0.56, 1.85], p = 0.45, death from any cause with an OR of 1.95 [0.52, 7.28], p = 0.32, complication rate, stroke with an OR of 0.94 [0.80, 1.10], p = 0.45, hospitalization for acute kidney injury with an OR of 1.38 [0.40, 4.78], p = 0.61 and hypokalemia with an OR of 2.10 [1.15, 3.84], p = 0.01. Pooled analyses of the data revealed that CHLOR was associated with a higher incidence of hypokalemia compared to HCTZ and the results were statistically significant. Conclusions: CHLOR and HCTZ are comparable in efficacy for prevention cardiovascular diseases, with the only difference being a higher incidence of hypokalemia in patients using CHLOR compared to those using HCTZ. Considering the potential heterogeneity and bias in the analytical studies, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Prognostic Effects of Operation Age for Pediatric Patients with Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Lv Lizhi , Sun Yuekun , Zhang Simeng , Zhi Aihua , Wang Cheng , Wang Qiang
Published: October 2024

Background: The appropriate age for surgical repair of asymptomatic congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) is still unknown. The purpose of this research was to assess the safety and effectiveness of various operation ages when managing SVAS. Methods: Consecutive asymptomatic SVAS pediatric patients in the Beijing Fuwai and Yunnan Fuwai hospitals over a period of 18 years were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were classified as follows: age <2.0 years (y) (n = 84), 2.0–5.0 y (n = 72), and >5.0 y (n = 92). The primary safety endpoint was in-hospital death or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) needed. The primary effectiveness outcome was re-operation or restenosis during follow-up. To calculate the hazard ratios (HR), Cox regression with inverse probability of treatment weighted was utilized. Results: At the time of surgery, the median age of the 248 patients that were included was 4 y (interquartile range (IQR): 1.8–6.5). For the primary safety outcome, 7 (8.3%) patients in the age <2.0 y group had in-hospital death or ECMO needed, while no patients in the age 2.0–5.0 y and age>5.0 y groups (p = 0.001). The median follow-up was 25.5 months (IQR: 7.0–59.0). Compared with the age 2.0–5.0 y group, the age <2.0 y group and age >5.0 y group had a higher risk of re-operation or restenosis (age <2.0 y, HR = 3.27, 95% CI 1.25–8.60; age >5.0 y, HR = 2.87, 95% CI 1.19–6.91). Conclusions: Asymptomatic children with SVAS without other cardiovascular abnormalities should be considered for delayed surgical intervention until 2 years of age, and then surgery should be conducted as soon as possible. Children with severe symptoms should undergo surgery immediately, regardless of age. Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR2300067851, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=177491.
Establishment of Special Economic Zones after the Moratorium: Motives, Trends, Patterns
Authors:   RANEPA, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gromov V. V.
Published: October 2024

Improvement of the investment climate is one of the main priorities of the Russian tax policy, in which special economic zones (SEZ’s) play a significant role. The pace of their creation has increased significantly in recent years. The main idea, as always, is to attract investment. However, the more such zones appear, the more obvious becomes the gap in defining the strategic role of the SEZ regime, which has already been introduced in dozens of Russian regions, but still lacks a clear conceptualization. Moreover, the revival of interest in SEZ’s contrasts sharply with the recent moratorium on their creation. Such dramatic changes have underlying motives, the understanding of which is necessary to avoid a superficial view of investment attraction policies. Since they are currently of particular importance for ensuring macroeconomic stability, the purpose of the article is to identify the problems that may hinder the effective application of the SEZ regime in Russia. On this basis, the article systematizes the prerequisites for lifting the moratorium, establishes patterns and explains trends in the creation of SEZ’s, as well as gives proposals for the development of the concept of economic zoning.