bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degradability of organic micropollutants with sonolysis—Quantification of the structural influence through QSPR modelling
Authors: Glienke Judith , Stelter Michael , Braeutigam Patrick
Published: January 2023

Local and climate-driven challenges combined with an increasing anthropogenic pollution of the water compartment all around the world make a sustainable handling of wastewater imperative. New additional treatment methods are under examination, including cavitation-based advanced oxidation processes. To quantify structural influences on chemical processes, quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) modelling can be used, which calculates a correlation between a defined endpoint and structural properties expressed by molecular descriptors. In this study, QSPR modelling has been applied to investigate the structural influence on the degradability of organic micropollutants with high-frequency sonolysis. The dataset of a previous study on 32 phenol derivates was expanded by 60 mostly aromatic compounds, whose kinetic degradation constants were obtained in a standardized experimental setup. QSPR modelling was conducted using the software PaDEL for descriptor calculation and QSARINS for the modelling process using a multiple linear regression approach and genetic algorithm. All five OECD-requirements for applicable QSPR models were respected. The obtained model included 12 model descriptors, was evaluated with numerous statistical quality parameters, and shows good regression abilities as well as robustness and predictability (R2 = 0.8651, CCCtr = 0.9277, Q2loo = 0.8010, R2ext = 0.7836, CCCext = 0.8838, Q2F1 = 0.7697). The interpretation of selected model descriptors showed interesting connections between the model results and the experimental background. A strong influence of the polarity of organic compounds on their degradability with high-frequency sonolysis could been quantified, as more nonpolar molecules are degraded faster. Additionally, the impact of specific fingerprints, including for example substituents with heteroatoms, the number of fused and non-fused aromatic rings as well as the numerical appearance of secondary carbon could be identified as relevant for this cavitation-based treatment method.
Expression of recombinant Omp18 and MOMP of Campylobacter jejuni and the determination of their suitability as antigens for serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis in animals
Authors: Borovikov Sergey , Tursunov Kanat , Syzdykova Alfiya , Begenova Ainagul , Zhakhina Alfira
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Campylobacteriosis causes gastrointestinal tract lesions in adults and children and may result in severe complications. The primary sources of infection are infected animals and animal products. Immunochemical methods effectively diagnose intestinal infections but require highly specific antigens to detect their antibodies. This study aimed to obtain two recombinant immunogenic antigens of Campylobacter jejuni, an outer membrane protein with a molecular weight of 18 kDa (Omp18) and the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) with a molecular weight of 45 kDa, and evaluate their suitability for the serological diagnosis of campylobacteriosis using immunochromatographic assay (ICA).

Materials and Methods: The C. jejuni Omp18 and MOMP gene sequences were synthesized de novo (Macrogen, Korea) and cloned into the pET32 expression plasmid. Using these genetic constructs, electrocompetent cells of the Escherichia coli BL21 strain were transformed and cultured under various conditions. Antigens were purified and refolded using metal affinity chromatography. The properties of the purified proteins were studied by western blotting, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: We developed two recombinant E. coli BL21 cells producing rOmp18 and Recombinant MOMP (rMOMP) antigens with molecular weights of 36 and 64 kDa, respectively. Amino acid sequence analysis of the obtained antigens showed complete homology with the reference sequences in the PubMed NCBI database. Western blotting using positive-control sera demonstrated the specificity of the recombinant antigens. The results of ELISA with 94 bovine sera showed the interaction of recombinant antigens with specific antibodies.

Conclusion: The obtained rOmp18 and rMOMP antigens can detect antibodies in the serum of infected or recovered animals and can be used to develop ICA.
Precipitation Method and Sonication Technique for Advanced Superiority of
Nanospherical BiFe2O3 and its Multi-Applications
Authors: Jayasakthi R. , Sivakumar G.
Published: January 2023

In this work, a modified BiFe2O3 nanomaterial was prepared using a combination of co-precipitation
and sonication methods. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) results revealed a
nanospherical shaped structure. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) analysis confirmed that
Bi, Fe and O are present in the BiFe2O3 nanomaterial. The photoluminescence analysis also confirmed
the presence of bismuth in the BiFe2O3 nanomaterial. The recombination of electron-hole pairs in
Fe2O3 transpires when the electrons and holes were transferred between Bi and Fe2O3 nanomaterials.
The UV-Vis DRS analysis revealed that the nanomaterial decrease band gap energy and increased the
photoenergy. The modified BiFe2O3 was successfully used as multi-functional materials, such as a
photocatalytic material for the photodegradation of Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G dyes,
antibacterial agent and as improved dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCS).
Applications of Six Sigma and Quality by Design Approach in UHPLC Method
Development for Simultaneous Assessment of Eight Bronchodilators in Drug Substance
Authors: Veerendra Y.V.S. , Brahman Pradeep Kumar , Mankumare Sharad D. , Kasturi Rajashekar , Kumar C. Vinod
Published: January 2023

This work portrays the development and validation of a simple and fast UHPLC method for the
simultaneous estimation of eight bronchodilators in the drug substance. Process and performance
capability (Cpk, Ppk, PPM) studies were conducted by which it may easily conclude how well developed
method meeting the requirements. Integration of quality by design (QbD) concept to analytical method
development was also discussed. The temperature and mobile phase interaction on chromatographic
separation were studied using design of experiments (DoE). Using the QbD and design of experiments
(DoE) as combination, a design space was established for developed method. The developed method
facilitates the quantitative determination of clenbuterol hydrochloride, fluticasone, formoterol,
glycopyrrolate, levalbuterol, metaproterenol, salmeterol and theophylline as a drug substance. All the
compounds were separated within 20 min using analytical column X-Bridge BEH C18; (100 × 2.1
mm, 2.5 μ) mobile phase consisted variable mixtures of mobile phase A (10 mM ammonium acetate
pH 4.5) and mobile phase B (methanol) with the gradient elution, column temperature 30 ºC, mobile
phase flow rate 0.2 mL min/min, wavelength of detection 234 nm.
Hierarchical ZSM-5 Based on Silica Bagasse and Mesopore Template from Starch as Catalyst for Glucose Production
Authors: Rilyanti M. , Ningrum A.D.W. , Zahra Z.A. , Suharso S. , Buhani B. , Y Y. , Hadi S.
Published: January 2023

Application of agricultural biomass waste in the form of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) to extract silica has been carried out and then used as the main precursor in the synthesis of ZSM-5 hierarchical pores containing without and with cassava peel containing cellulose (starch). Hydrothermal synthesis of precursor gels at 180 ºC for 144 h yielded a ZSM-5 SCBA hierarchical pore precursor with a mesoporous surface area of 27.25 m2/g, a regular pore diameter of 3.60 nm and an average pore size of 3.32 nm using ZSM-5 seeds and starch as template. Synthesis of ZSM-5 SCBA without template was also performed for comparison. Results showed the crystallinity and ratio of Si/Al ZSM-5 with and without template were 80.09% and 82.40%, respectively and the Si/Al ratio were 5.41 and 6.27. The cellulose content isolated from cassava peel flour was 88.21%. Optimization of the catalytic parameters variable showed that the hydrolysis of cellulose occurred at 140 ºC for 4 h with a 1:1 ratio of catalyst and substrate. The conversion degree of hydrolyzed cellulose using H-ZSM-5 SCBA hierarchy pores catalyst and H-ZSM-5 SCBA microporous catalyst were 88.2% and 76.7% with glucose concentration obtained at 218.083 and 188.667 ppm, respectively.
Role of Chemical based Inhibitors in Protecting the Concrete Structures from Corrosion: Present Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Freeda Christy Clementz Edwardraj , Nesaraj Arputharaj Samson
Published: January 2023

Building industry is a rapid growing worldwide because of urbanization. Concrete is a primary requirement in the construction of residential buildings, shopping malls, industry structures, etc. The life of a building mainly depends on the ingredients used in the concrete during the construction activity. However, the concrete structures undergo deterioration because of the presence of highly corrosive ions in the admixture after long term. If the corrosion of the steel rods is severe in concrete, the buildings may collapse at any time which will lead to heavy loss for human lives. In this regard, protection of steel embedded in concrete from the corrosive attack is an important issue among civil engineering professionals and chemists. For this purpose, the technologies related to the adoption of suitable composition of steel, suitable combination of ingredients in the concrete, change of processing parameters/methodologies, etc. are being worked out. Apart from this, suitable chemical inhibitors are being studied across the globe to overcome this corrosion problem in a greater extent. In this review article, the type of chemical inhibitors used in admixtures and their effective role in protecting the concrete structures are discussed. Based on this, suitable suggestions are also recommended for the benefit of the society.
Direct Use of 3d-Transition Metal Organic Framework as Catalyst for
Oxygen Evolving Reaction (OER) and Hydrogen Evolving Reaction (HER)
Authors: Sarkar Mrinal
Published: January 2023

High-purity hydrogen can be produced using an effective process known as electrochemical water
splitting to provide environmentally acceptable fuels. The advancement of affordable, earth-rich catalysts
is the fundamental obstacle to electrochemical water splitting’s wide-scale industrial applications.
Oxygen evolving reactions (OERs) and hydrogen evolving reactions (HERs) are two of the processes
involved in electrochemical water splitting. Widespread interest has been shown in creating efficient
first-row transition metal electrocatalysts that can take the role of platinum-based electrocatalysts for
both oxygen and hydrogen evolving reactions. A family of crystalline porous materials made from
organic ligands and metal ions are known as metal organic frameworks (MOFs). A promising family
of novel materials called MOFs has been developed for high-efficiency OER and HER electrocatalysts.
Direct MOF catalysts and MOF-derived catalysts are the two divisions of MOF-based catalysts. The
following are examples of MOF-derived catalysts: (i) guest@ MOF composites; (ii) hybrid materials
produced by pyrolyzing MOFs; and (iii) hybrid materials created from MOFs. The best direct catalysts
for OER and HER are reportedly nickel/cobalt monometallic MOF and iron-nickel/iron-cobalt
heterometallic MOF. According to one theory, the breakdown of organic ligands and the formation of
molecules based on water-oxidizing oxides may be a result of first-row transition MOFs being exposed
to the hostile HER and OER conditions. The most recent advancements in first-row transition MOFs
as direct catalysts of OER and HER are outlined in this article.
Liquid Chromatographic-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry Method for the
Simultaneous Determination of Gramicidin, Neomycin & Triamcinolone Acetonide and
Characterization of Novel Forced Degradation Products
Authors: Gaddey Pridhvi Krishna , Sundararajan Raja
Published: January 2023

The dosage form iotrim (gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone) is a combination of two antibiotics
(gramicidin and neomycin) and a steroid (triamcinolone). The antibiotics work by killing the bacteria
that cause infections. The steroid blocks the action of chemical messengers (prostaglandins) that make
the affected area red, swollen and itchy. Consequently, there was still a need to develop a simple, less
time consuming and economical method for the simultaneous determination of gramicidin, neomycin
and triamcinolone acetonide. The current work is an effort to develop a fast and reproducible LC-MS
technique for the simultaneous estimation of gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide. The
objective of the present procedure was to validate and develop a precise and accurate liquid
chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique for the simultaneous quantification of
gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide. Gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide
were monitored on Shimadzu-8045 mass spectrometer equipped with electro spray ionization interface.
The retention times of gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide were found at 9.145 min,
7.273 min and 2.435 min, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) results for gramicidin, neomycin
and triamcinolone acetonide were observed to be 0.15, 1.5 and 0.6 μg/mL, respectively while the limit
of quantification (LOQ) results were observed to be 0.5, 5, 2 μg/mL concentration, respectively. The
linear range for gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide were found in the concentration
ranges from 1.25-7.5 μg/mL, 12.5-75 μg/mL and 5-30 μg/mL with regression coefficient of 0.9991,
0.9996, 0.9999, respectively. Accuracy values for gramicidin, neomycin and triamcinolone acetonide
were found to be in the range of 98.64%, 99.4%, 99.5% respectively. The % RSD for six replicates in
precision was less than 2%. According to ICH Q2(R1) recommendations, this method was successfully
tested with LC-MS to confirm the chemical structures of newly produced degradation products of
triamcinolone acetonide and neomycin. The developed process was validated efficaciously as per ICH
guidelines.
Protonation of Imino Moiety in Aminoguanidine by Heterolytic O–H Bond Cleavage on Phthalic Acid: Theoretical, Experimental and DNA Binding Studies
Authors: Rajasekar L. , Rajesh R. , Dileep D. , Pradeep R. , Sivasankar B.N.
Published: January 2023

Aqueous neutralization reaction between aminoguanidine hydrogencarbonate and phthalic acid yielded the crystals of aminoguanidine hydrogenphthalate monohydrate (AHPMH). The crystal quality is further improved by repeated recrystallization and single crystals were obtained. The single crystal XRD data reveals that the compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the Cc space group. The unit cell consists of four molecules (z = 4) and in the crystal lattice they are linked by O–H···O and N–H···O intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Geometrical and vibrational analyses were performed by B3LYP/6311G(d,p) basis set and compared with the single crystal XRD values. The Mulliken charge and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses have been used to predict the reaction behaviour and bond cleavage fashion during the reaction. The heterolytic O-H bonding electrons are shifted towards the oxygen atom (-0.6112 e) and it possesses high electronegative which influenced the formation of strong hydrogen bond. The binding constant (Kb) of the AHPMH indicates that strong interactions are developed between the title compound and CT-DNA.
Fluorometric Detection of Al3+ Ion in Mixed Aqueous Solvent
Based on Simple Schiff-Base Molecular Prob
Authors: Das Sanju
Published: January 2023

A simple fluorometric detection for Al3+ ion in mixed aqueous medium using a simple Schiff-base
molecule through PET mechanism is discussed. The di-phenolic Schiff-base molecule (EAMHM)
was synthesized by the condensation reaction of multiple phenolic aldehyde molecules with a diamine
containing multiple aldehyde-reacting primary amine moieties. The extremely low fluorescence
quantum yield for EAMHM is highly useful for the off-mode of fluorescence sensing purposes. Contrary
to various other cations Ni2+, Mg2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, Fe3+, Ba2+, Hg2+, the selective Al3+ ion
induced large fluorescence enhancement can be employed to detect Al3+ even in the presence other
bi- or tri-valent cations. Moreover, linear change in fluorescence intensity with Al3+ concentration is
highly beneficial for ratiometric detection of unknown Al3+ concentrations. As revealed from various
spectroscopic and theoretical calculations, EAMHM forms a 1:1 complex with Al3+ showing a large
increase in fluorescence intensity. It has also been identified that efficient photo-induced electron
transfer (PET) in free EAMHM is mainly responsible for its low fluorescence intensity, whereas the
removal of such PET process during its complexation with Al3+ produces large fluorescence
enhancement. The structural and electronic parameters of the free EAMHM and EAMHM-Al3+ complex
have been analyzed using DFT-based theoretical calculations.
Influence of Pongamia pinnata Leaf Extract based Silver
Nanoparticles Towards the Degradation of Safranin O Dye
Authors: Kalicharan A. Alvin , Anbarasan V. , Priyanka R. , Arivalagan K.
Published: January 2023

Use of medicinal herbs for green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted researchers owing to their
valuable influence on mankind. Benefit of consuming plants aimed at greener production of
nanomaterials relies on the less toxicity and cost-effective protocol. Herein, we reported the synthesis
of biocompactible silver nanoparticles using Pongamia pinnata leaf extract. The biomolecules existing
in leaf extract of Pongamia pinnata played dual role for capping and equilibrium of silver nanoparticles.
Phenomena of surface plasmon resonance was observed from the UV-Vis spectrum around 426 nm.
The FTIR peaks revealed the significance of biomolecules in the formation of stable silver nanoparticles.
From XRD pattern, peaks attained has better covenant with Ag in metal form with face-centeredcubic
feature. Morphology of silver nanoparticles from SEM and TEM studies revealed that the particles
are spherical in shape. Degradation of safranin O dye using green synthesized silver nanoparticles
exhibited better degradation efficiency. Without much advent process, this method for synthesizing
silver nanoparticles provides an inexpensive and environmentally responsible approach.
Applications of Supramolecular Materials in Real World: A Mini Review
Authors: Shome Anshupriya
Published: January 2023

The breakthrough in supramolecular chemistry came in the 1960s when Charles J. Pedersen utilized
the concept of ‘chemistry beyond molecules’ in the synthesis of the crown ethers. Self-assembly could
allow for the construction of fascinating supramolecular architectures that are otherwise challenging
to prepare using covalent chemistry. Supramolecular chemistry has been extensively studied in recent
decades and its applications have been explored to include everything from molecular machines and
sensors to gas absorption and nanoreactors to chemical catalysis and drug delivery. In this review
article, some of the commercial applications are discussed to highlight the transition of supramolecular
chemistry from theoretical concept to market.
Synthesis of Novel Biaryl Fused Thiazolo[3,2-b][1,2,4]triazol-2-amines from
Thiazole Amine Involving Suzuki Coupling Reaction under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Veeranki Krishna Chaitanya , Pochampally Jalapathi , Maroju Ravi Chander
Published: January 2023

Novel series of fused heterocycles in which amino triazole fused to biphenyl thiazole were synthesized
in a multistep reaction starting from 2-aminothiazole. The amino compound with ethoxy carbonyl
isothiocyanate afforded the ethyl carbamate thiomide derivative of thiazole, which further underwent
intramolecular cyclization with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in presence of DIPEA to furnish the
fused thiazolotriazole amine. Haloaryl group in the fused heterocycle under Suzuki coupling condition
afforded biphenyl derivatives of fused thiazolotriazole amines. All the synthesized compounds were
confirmed based on their spectral data.
Design, Synthesis and Anti-tubercular Evaluation of
Some Novel Chroman-Hydrazone Derivatives
Authors: Mujeeb Samar , Singh Kuldeep , Yogi Bhumika , Kumar Praveen , Kumar Piyush
Published: January 2023

The molecular docking, synthesis, spectral characterization and anti-tubercular evaluation of 10 novel
N’-substituted-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbohydrazide derivatives (SM1-SM10) were
reported. The structures of the synthesized derivatives were affirmed by spectroscopic studies such as
FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high resolution-mass spectrometry. Predicted ADME and toxicity
investigations were accomplished to presume the pharmacokinetic parameters of the compounds. The
synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37Rv strain using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) taking isoniazid, rifampicin,
ethambutol, amikacin, streptomycin and levofloxacin as positive drug standards. Compound SM8 has
shown the significant anti-tubercular activity among all the titled compounds. The results indicated
that chroman-hydrazone skeleton could serve as a lead for the development of novel anti-tubercular
drugs.
Efeitos fitotécnicos do manejo de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós emergência na cultura do sorgo
Authors: Freitas Hebert Costa de , Corrêa Fernando Rezende , Silva Nelmício Furtado da , Cavalcante Wendson Soares da Silva , Ribeiro Daniele Ferreira , Rodrigues Estevão
Published: January 2023

Partindo da hipótese de que a cultura do sorgo possui uma limitação no tocante ao manejo de plantas daninhas, e que alguns herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós emergência na cultura do sorgo podem causar alguns efeitos não desejáveis como fitotoxidade que podem reduzir drasticamente o desenvolvimento da cultura e alguns vezes levar as plantas a morte. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar os efeitos fitotécnicos do manejo de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós emergência na cultura do sorgo, bem como avaliar as caraterísticas biométricas, fisiológicas e produtivas da cultura do sorgo, submetida a diferentes herbicidas. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Faculdade UniBRAS – Rio Verde – GO, em um Latossolo Vermelho Distróferrico (LVDf). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em bloco casualizados, com 10 tratamentos e 4 repetições, um total de 40 parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos consistiram no uso de diferentes combinações entre os herbicidas Atrazina, Saflufenacil, 2,4D, Mesotriona, Trifluralina em pré e pós emergência da cultura do sorgo. Foram avaliadas o diâmetro de colmo, altura de planta, números de folhas, comprimento de folha, largura de folha, índice de área foliar aos 28 e 35 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas aplicados no estádio fenológico entre V4 – V6 e o índice de clorofila a, b e total aos 7 e 14 dias após aplicação dos herbicidas. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância (p<0,05) e os casos de significância foram submetidos ao teste de média Scoot-Knot (p<0,05), utilizando o software estatístico Sisvar®. Houve efeito na altura de planta, índice de área foliar e clorofila total. Atrazina tanto em pré como em pós emergência; e a Trifluralina em pré emergência e a Atrazina em pós emergência promoveram as menores massa de 100 grãos.
Screening of lysine production by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates at different carbon sources
Authors: Gilani Nagina , Maqbool Tahira , Muhammad Mohibullah  , Ume Habiba  , Anwar Tauseef , Huma Qureshi
Published: January 2023

Lysine is an essential amino acid that is not biologically manufactured in the body. Different chemical methods for lysine production are expensive and give low yields. The present study was conducted with the purpose to evaluate the biochemical production of lysine by different carbon sources using bacterial isolates. Three carbon sources namely glucose, sucrose, and fructose were used to evaluate the biochemical production of lysine by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates. Optimum incubation periods were between 48-96 hours. An extensive amount of lysine was produced by all of these isolates in L6 fermentation medium. Maximum lysine was produced by Klebsiella isolate K1 6.48 g/L after 96 hours of incubation by using glucose as carbon source followed by 6.0 g/L by Klebsiella isolates K3 after 72 hours of incubation when sucrose was used as a carbon source at 37 °C. Highest amount of lysine was produced at 96 hours by Klebsiella isolates in addition to E. coli. From all three carbon sources using Klebsiella isolates and E. coli, glucose showed better lysine production.
Fabrication of 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase holding Gel-Scaffolds using Agar-Agar, a natural polysaccharide and Polyacrylamide, a synthetic organic polymer for continuous liquefaction of starch
Authors: Riaz Aliya , Ahmad Sana , Siddiqui Ayesha , Jabeen Farah , Tariq Farah , Ul Qader Shah Ali
Published: January 2023

1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase is among the most widely used commercial hydrolytic enzymes acting randomly on the glycosidic linkages of starch resulting in its saccharification and liquefaction. Its applicability in different industries can be improved by enhancing its stability and reusability. Therefore, in the present study attempts have been made to enhance the industrial applicability of 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase from Bacillus subtilis KIBGE-HAR by adapting immobilization technology. The study developed mechanically stable, enzyme containing gel-frameworks using two support matrices including agar-agar, a natural polysaccharide and polyacrylamide gel, a synthetic organic polymer. These catalytic gel-scaffolds were compared with each other in terms of kinetics and stability of entrapped 1,4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase. In case of polyacrylamide gel, Km value for immobilized enzyme increased to 7.95 mg/mL, while immobilization in agar-agar resulted in decreased Km value i.e 0.277 mg/mL as compared to free enzyme. It was found that immobilized enzyme showed maximum activity at 70 °C in both the supports as compared to free enzyme having maximum activity at 60 °C. Immobilized 1,4-α-D-glucan glucanohydrolase exhibited no change in optimal pH 7.0 before and after entrapment in polyacrylamide gel and agar-agar. The enzyme containing gel-scaffold was found suitable for repeated batches of starch liquefaction in industrial processes. Agar-agar entrapped 1,4-α-D-glucanglucanohydrolase was capable to degrade starch up to seven repeated operational cycles whereas polyacrylamide entrapped enzyme conserved its activity up to sixth operational cycle.
Considering the role of the assassin snail Anentome helena as a biological control of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the first intermediate host of Opisthorchis viverrini
Authors: Haruay Surat , Piratae Supawadee
Published: January 2023

This study aims to investigate whether the assassin snail Anentome helena may serve as a biological control agent of Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos, the 1st intermediate host of Opisthorchis viverrini. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory, and the results found that A. helena showed the variation and selection of mollusc prey. A. helena can consume B. siamensis goniomphalos, which is remarkable because this snail can compete with other snails and could be used as a biological control. The consumption rate of the predator was compared, and it was found that A. helena prefers to consume Indoplanorbis exustus, followed by Pomacea canaliculata, Melanoides tuberculata, Filopaludina sumatrensis speciosa, Lymnaea sp., and B. siamensis goniomphalos. This is the first report of an experimental study controlling B. siamensis goniomphalos using A. helena. Our data imply that A. helena can control the B. siamensis goniomphalos population with good results, especially in the absence of other snail species.
Effect of low temperature and room temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins
Authors: Ferreira Anna Flávia Esteves , Silva Ingrid Melo , Dietrich Lia , Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis , Andrade Cláudia Maria de Oliveira , Martins Victor da Mota
Published: January 2023

The study analyzed the influence of temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins. Three discs (ISO 4049/2000) from each group were made, and four restorative materials were investigated: Opus Bulk-Fill Flow, Opus Bulk-Fill APS, Filtek™ One Bulk-Fill, and Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow. They were light-cured (Gnatus ± 1,200 mW/cm2) for 20 seconds, varying the temperature (23°C and 5°C) and simulating the use of the product both at room temperature and under refrigeration. The materials were inserted in aluminum matrices with 10 mm in depth and 4 mm in diameter. A clear film strip and a glass microscope slide were positioned at the top and bottom surfaces. The material was condensed and light-cured with the tip of the light source in close contact, for 20 seconds on the top surface. Immediately after irradiation, the samples were removed from the mold, and the uncured part was removed with a plastic spatula. The measurement was performed with a micrometer ± 0.1 mm, and the value was divided by 2. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA at a significance of 0.05. There was a statistical difference in the temperature between the results obtained in Opus Bulk-Fill APS (p <0.001) and Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow (p = 0.018) resins. For the temperature of 5°C, Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow showed a statistical difference compared to the other resins, while Opus Bulk-Fill Flow and Opus Bulk-Fill APS did not. For the temperature of 23°C, Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow maintained the statistical difference from the others, but Filtek™ One Bulk-Fill and Opus Bulk-Fill APS did not present statistical differences. Storing the Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow composite resin in the refrigerator caused a greater depth of cure than the other resins, and the depth of cure decreased at room temperature. As for Opus Bulk-Fill APS, the depth of cure decreased proportionally to the temperature decrease. The temperature may affect the depth of cure of some composite resins.
Anthropic Action and the Eutrophication Process in the Paraíba do Meio River
Authors: Santos Everson Oliveira , Medeiros Paulo Ricardo Petter
Published: January 2023

The appropriation and use of a hydrographic basin by society is a historical process, necessary and, above all, a generator of environmental problems that greatly alter the quality of water. One of the problems related to water quality is eutrophication. Many aquatic ecosystems have suffered from this problem, which consists of large inputs of Phosphorus and Nitrogen introduced into the riverbed, for example, through domestic and/or industrial effluents. This context of change in water quality by human action triggers the significant growth of phytoplanktonic and phytobenthic organisms, thus causing an imbalance in the dynamics of the aquatic ecosystem, as well as damage to society. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the Trophic State of the Paraíba do Meio River and understand the unfolding and influences of society's relationship with the river and how this relationship has contributed to the eutrophication process. The materials and methods were based on: data acquisition of chemical and physical parameters from campaigns carried out monthly during the hydrological year of 2013; flow and precipitation data; adequate sanitary sewage data; laboratory analyses; determination of the Trophic State Index by the TRIX Model. It was evidenced that due to the varied anthropic activities that occurred in the hydrographic basin in question, with the significant introduction of nutrients such as Phosphorus and Nitrogen in the river bed, during the hydrological year of 2013, the Paraíba do Meio river presented different stages of eutrophication that range from mesotrophic to eutrophic.
Environmental Vulnerability of the Buriticupu River Water Basin, Maranhão - Brazil: The Relief as a Key Element
Authors: Medeiros Rafael Brugnolli , Santos Luiz Carlos , Bezerra José Fernando Rodrigues , Silva Quesia Duarte , Melo Silas Nogueira
Published: January 2023

Studying a watershed in the Amazon region requires understanding that this region has national and global relevance. The fact that the study area is located in the so-called arc of deforestation raises the need to understand its context, its vulnerabilities, and its physical, environmental, and anthropic components. This research assesses the environmental vulnerability of the Buriticupu River Watershed in Maranhão State, Brazil. The aim is to foster improvements that may contribute to environmental planning and, specifically, to water resource management. For this purpose, the authors used the Geographic Information System environment to work with Map Algebra, interrelating primary and secondary data on geology, relief, pedology, and land use and land cover to generate synthesis cartography. The results pointed to areas with predominantly medium vulnerability. However, the analyses highlight alluvial plains, which became the most fragile areas from an environmental point of view. This is mainly because these areas comprise water-saturated soils (gleysols), unconsolidated deposits of sand and silt (alluvial deposits), and extensive humid vegetation, characteristics of igapó and floodplain forests. This research generated a document that applies is applicable to the study area. It also provided, in a systemic and integrated way, a product that will help in planning, which is very important for the creation of a watershed committee, something necessary and still embryonic in Maranhão State, Brazil.
Circulatory Arrest for Traumatic Brachiocephalic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Repair
Authors: Hynes Conor F. , Kotkar Kunal D.
Published: January 2023

Blunt traumatic injuries to the brachiocephalic artery require surgical management. The operative technique used depends on the location of the injury, the patient's hemodynamic stability, and the surgeon's experience. Perfusion strategy can facilitate vascular control of the aortic arch and branch vessels. This report presents an urgent repair of a proximal posterior blunt traumatic brachiocephalic artery injury under circulatory arrest, with an excellent outcome.
Kollisionsrechtliche Fragen öffentlicher Übernahmeangebote
Authors: Schauer, Martin
Published: January 2023

Der Autor beschäftigt sich in seinem Beitrag mit kollisionsrechtlichen Fragestellungen bei einem öffentlichen Übernahmeangebot. Einleitend gibt er einen Überblick über die geltende österreichische Rechtslage und schließt daran eine Darstellung der zu erwartenden europäischen Bestimmungen. Anschließend befasst sich der Autor dann noch mit möglichem Anpassungsbedarf des österreichischen Rechts.
„Kiedyś to tego nie było” – współczesna czeska proza a tematy migracji
Authors: Derdowska Joanna
Published: January 2023

Podczas gdy we współczesnym czeskim dyskursie publicznym wciąż żywy i wspomagany przez produkcję kulturalną pozostaje etos emigracji z czasów czechosłowackich, Czechy stają się państwem imigracyjnym i w ich polu literackim wyraźnie dostrzegalna jest przestrzeń na literaturę pisaną przez migrantów i o migrantach. Ponieważ autorzy, których biografie pozwalałyby na jej tworzenie z licencją „autentyczności”, są nieliczni, narracje dotyczące doświadczenia migracji mają charakter zapośredniczenia, głównie przez pisarzy tworzących współczesny czeski kanon i/lub mainstream literacki. Na przykładzie wybranych tekstów, które temat ten podejmują, wskazać można kilka strategii reprezentacji doświadczenia migracji (również tej zarobkowej) i uchodźstwa (wywrotowy potencjał zmian demograficznych, dydaktyczne podłoże prób tworzenia uniwersalizujących narracji o uchodźstwie, próby tworzenia czeskiego podmiotu uchodźczego) oraz tropy, poprzez które literatura ta potencjalnie otwiera się na dyskurs postmigracji.
O (nie)konieczności powrotu. Dyskurs reemigracji w najnowszej polskiej prozie między polityką a metafizyką
Authors: Skórczewski Dariusz
Published: January 2023

Powieść Wojciecha Kudyby Imigranci wracają do domu swoim tytułem sugeruje możliwość uznania jej za głos w dyskusji politycznej na temat powrotu polskich migrantów ekonomicznych do kraju. Jednak zastosowana konwencja monologu wypowiedzianego i metafizyczna perspektywa narracji podają w wątpliwość prawomocność doraźnych odczytań instrumentalizujących. Rozpatrując powieść w kontekście postsekularnej kondycji współczesnego, kosmopolitycznego społeczeństwa, autor artykułu proponuje widzieć w jej bohaterze figurę peregryna, wskazującą na ambiwalencję nie/przynależności: podmiot uznaje doczesność swojego istnienia, z drugiej strony zaś odkrywa potrzebę narracji reintegrującej, która przywróci mu poczucie intersubiektywnej identyfikacji ze swoim narodem. Włączenie do opisu doświadczenia migranta perspektywy metafizycznej stanowi o oryginalności podejścia do dyskursu re-emigracji we współczesnej polskiej prozie, nawiązującego do Norwidowskiego uniwersalizmu.
Migracja kolista. Tożsamościowe wędrowanie Łemków: tekst i rytuał
Authors: Duć-Fajfer Helena
Published: January 2023

Punktem wyjścia dla migracyjnej/diasporyjnej tożsamości Łemków były totalne dwuetapowe wysiedlenia tej społeczności w latach 1945–1946 i 1947. Wraz z tym faktem osiadła, rdzenna wspólnota, która ukonstytuowała swą tożsamość na wyznaczniku terytorialnym, stała się społecznością rozproszoną na kilku obszarach diasporyjnych. Musiała zatem dokonać się istotna reinwencja tożsamościowa konstruowana na wyznaczniku migracyjnym. Celem artykułu jest uchwycenie istoty mitu reinwencyjnego mającego wymiar rytualny – powtarzane cyklicznie rytuały podróżowania pomiędzy ziemiami wygnania i karpacką ojczyzną, oraz wymiar tekstualny – nadający sens i symboliczną wartość tym wędrówkom. Bazę empiryczną do badań stanowią teksty kulturowe, głównie piśmiennictwo łemkowskie z ostatnich dziesięcioleci oraz dane z obserwacji uczestniczącej i badań terenowych przeprowadzonych przez autorkę w 2017 roku na trzech znacznie oddalonych od siebie obszarach aktualnie zamieszkiwanych przez Łemków.
W poszukiwaniu (wygnańczej) tożsamości ocalałej. O bohaterce opowiadań Jadwigi Maurer
Authors: Panas Paweł
Published: January 2023

Artykuł poświęcony został problematyce tożsamości bohaterki opowiadań Jadwigi Maurer (1932-2012). Jest nią żydowska dziewczyna ocalała z zagłady, która po wojnie emigruje do Niemiec, do Monachium. Szczegółowa analiza kolejnych tekstów układających się w swoiste cykle ujawnia, że na płaszczyźnie tożsamościowej warunkiem i jednocześnie skutkiem ocalenia od śmierci było źródłowe doświadczenie wygnania. Doświadczenie to po wojnie stało się dla bohaterki prozy Maurer swoistą matrycą poznawczą porządkującą jej ogląd rzeczywistości, a także wyznaczającą aksjologiczne ramy egzystencjalnych wyborów.
From Poland to Canada: Memories of Communist Poland and Migration to Canada in Three Texts by Polish-Born Migrant Women Writers
Authors: Drewniak Dagmara
Published: January 2023

Canadian ethnic literature has been dominated by testimonies of migrant experience for a long time. Writers of Eastern European extraction, such as Janice Kulyk Keefer, Eva Hoffman, Eva Stachniak, Lisa Appignanesi or Elaine Kalman Naves to mention just a few, have contributed to the vast body of Canadian migrant literature, giving voice to the quandaries of white, invisible minority migration. As it turns out, the latest texts published by Polish-born Canadian women writers also address the issues of migration and the memory of Communist Poland, which the writers left in the 1980s and early 1990s. The aim of this paper is to look at three selected texts: Giant (2012) by Aga Maksimowska, Lemons (2017) by Kasia Jaronczyk and Was It Worth It. Columbus in Jeans (2019) by Liliana Arkuszewska, all of which are debut novels, and discuss their perception and rendition of Communist Poland, which the authors left behind physically and simultaneously struggled to free from mentally. The narratives chosen for this study, despite substantial differences, bear certain similarities in their treatment of Poland as well as become important commentaries on the status of migrant discourses in North America.
Effects of dry heating, acetylation, and acid pre-treatments on modification of potato starch with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)
Authors: Lim Xiao Xian , Zulkurnain Musfirah , Yussof Nor Shariffa , Utra Uthumporn
Published: January 2023

Octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch is widely used to stabilize emulsions. Nevertheless, the poor compatibility of starch with hydrophobic groups has restricted the performance of OSA modification. In this work, potato starch was pre-treated once or twice (dry heating, acetylation, and acid modification) prior to OSA modification. Pre-treatments increased the degree of substitution (DS), hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, and decreased amylose content of OSA starches, with dual pre-treatments having greater effects. Among all pre-treatments, acid modification followed by dry heating resulted in the greatest OSA modification (DS: 0.015) and water-binding capacity (155%). Meanwhile, acid modification followed by acetylation produced OSA starch with the highest oil-binding capacity (290%). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the granular deformation of dual pre-treated OSA starches was greater compared to single pre-treated and non-pre-treated OSA starches (O). Dual pre-treated OSA starches (ADO, 7%; ACO, 8%) had lower amylose contents than those of single pre-treated (AO: 12%, CO: 17%, DO: 21%) and O (36%). All the pre-treatments reduced the setback viscosity of OSA starch to a lower range (70–394 cP), simultaneously decreasing their retrograde tendency. This study suggested that dual pre-treatments could improve the efficiency of OSA modification and produce OSA starch with greater emulsifying potential.
Comparison of data-driven prediction methods for comprehensive coke ratio of blast furnace
Authors: Zhai Xiuyun , Chen Mingtong
Published: January 2023

The emission of blast furnace (BF) exhaust gas has been criticized by society. It is momentous to quickly predict the comprehensive coke ratio (CCR) of BF, because CCR is one of the important indicators for evaluating gas emissions, energy consumption, and production stability, and also affects composite economic benefits. In this article, 13 data-driven prediction techniques, including six conventional and seven ensemble methods, are applied to predict CCR. The result of ten-fold cross-validation indicates that multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector regression (SVR) based on radial basis function are superior to the other methods. The mean absolute error, the root mean square error, and the coefficient of determination (R
2) of the MLR model are 1.079 kg·t−1, 1.668, and 0.973, respectively. The three indicators of the SVR model are 1.158 kg·t−1, 1.878, and 0.975, respectively. Furthermore, AdaBoost based on linear regression has also strong prediction ability and generalization performance. The three methods have important significances both in theory and in practice for predicting CCR. Moreover, the models constructed here can provide valuable hints into realizing data-driven control of the BF process.
Satire without borders: the age-moderated effect of one-sided versus two-sided satire on hedonic experiences and patriotism
Authors: Boukes Mark , LaMarre Heather L.
Published: January 2023

The differential satire effects across domestic and foreign audiences are largely unknown; yet, this is of growing relevance as political satire increasingly reaches international audiences. A two-country experiment was conducted in which satirical stimuli from the Netherlands with either a one-sided (only targeting the United States) or two-sided humorous message (targeting both the U.S. and the Netherlands) was presented to a domestic (in-group) or foreign (out-group) audience. Specifically, this study examines political satire’s differential emotional and attitudinal impact on audiences located in the country-of-production (Netherlands) or abroad (U.S.). Results show that satire sidedness uniformly influenced hedonic enjoyment: compared to two-sided satire, one-sided satire elicited negative emotions and decreased positive emotions for both the in-group (Dutch) and the out-group (U.S.) audience. Yet, satire differentially affected patriotic attitudes. This effect was moderated by country and age: younger U.S. citizens became less patriotic after exposure to the one-sided satire that targeted their country and decreased their positive emotions; older U.S. citizens, in contrast, became more patriotic after exposure to this one-sided satire that particularly increased their negative emotions. The Dutch audience’s level of patriotism remained stable irrespective of satire sidedness. Altogether, this study demonstrates how humor type, country-of-reception, and age matter for satire effects.
Robust control designs for microalgae cultivation in continuous photobioreactors
Authors: Rodriguez-Jara Mariana , Ramírez-Castelan Carlos E. , Samano-Perfecto Quetzalli , Ricardez-Sandoval Luis A. , Puebla Hector
Published: January 2023

Microalgae are used to produce renewable biofuels and high-value components and in bioremediation and CO2 sequestration tasks. These increasing applications, in conjunction with a desirable constant large-scale productivity, motivate the development and application of practical controllers. This paper addresses the application of robust control schemes for microalgae cultivation in continuous photobioreactors. Due to the model uncertainties and external perturbations, robust control designs are required to guarantee the desired microalgae productivity. Furthermore, simple controller designs are desirable for practical implementation purposes. Therefore, two robust control designs are applied and evaluated in this paper for two relevant case studies of microalgae cultivation in photobioreactors. The first control design is based on an enhanced simple-input output model with uncertain estimation. The second control design is the robust nonlinear model predictive control considering different uncertain scenarios. Numerical simulations of two case studies aimed at lipid production and CO2 capture under different conditions are presented to evaluate the robust closed-loop performance.
Performance analysis of subgrade in asphaltic rail track design and Indonesia’s existing ballasted track
Authors: Setiawan Dian M. , Rosyidi Sri Atmaja P. , Imron Nanda Ahda , Aprilia Nyimas Arnita , Drajat Bambang , Arifan Rusdi Sahla , Galihajiningtresna Wilsamilia Nurizki , Ghani Syafiq Abdul
Published: January 2023

Due to subgrade-related concerns, the performance of Indonesia’s ballasted track continues to be significant impediments for the Indonesian railway stakeholders’ intention to increase the speed of passenger train operations. This study aims to examine the vertical compressive stress in the subgrade of Indonesia’s ballasted track and two asphaltic rail track designs, asphaltic overlayment and asphaltic underlayment, under various cyclic loading conditions based on three different train speeds, 120 (low speed), 240 (medium speed), and 360 kph (high speed). The AC layer thicknesses for each asphaltic rail track design are as follows: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 m for asphaltic underlayment, and 0.075, 0.15, 0.225, and 0.3 m for asphaltic overlayment. 2D finite element models and simulations were used to capture and predict the subgrade’s vertical compressive stress performance. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that the asphaltic overlayment track has a greater capacity for transmitting and decreasing stresses from the top structure to subgrade layer than the asphaltic underlayment track and the Indonesia’ ballasted track, respectively. This research can shed light on the prospective application of asphaltic rail track to the Indonesian rail network for the faster passenger trains operation.