bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic reflection dispersion due to wave-induced fluid flow in heterogeneous reservoir rocks
Authors: Zhao Luanxiao , Han De-hua , Yao Qiuliang , Zhou Rui , Yan Fuyong
Published: March 2015

We have investigated the impact of wave-induced fluid flow, including Biot flow and mesoscopic flow, on the signatures of seismic reflectivity in heterogeneous reservoir rocks. We have incorporated the dynamic poroelastic responses of mesoscopic flow into the classical Biot theory. The resulting effective Biot media could capture the characteristics of velocity dispersion and wave attenuation in heterogeneous poroelastic media. On the basis of this effective Biot media, an approach was developed to compute the poroelastic reflection at arbitrary angles and frequencies from the boundary of two heterogeneous porous media. The computed poroelastic reflections not only depended on the elastic properties’ contrast and incident angle, but also relied on the fluid mobility and observational frequency. For a typical sand-shale reflector, with the given rock and fluid properties, we found that the effect of mesoscopic flow causes P-wave reflection amplitude variations with the frequency being as high as 40% and a maximum phase shift as high as 16° at the seismic exploration frequency band. In addition, it was found that the amplitude variation with offset intercept and the gradient at the poroelastic interface were impacted by the mesoscopic flow and had a decreasing trend with frequency. Therefore, ignoring the impact of mesoscopic flow could possibly lead to uncertainty in seismic imaging as well as quantitative interpretation of reservoir properties. In comparison, the Biot flow-induced seismic dispersion effect, which occured at a very high-frequency range, was almost negligible.
Fluid substitution in multimineralic rocks with large mineral stiffness contrast
Authors: Saxena Nishank , Mavko Gary , Mukerji Tapan
Published: March 2015

Brown and Korringa extended Gassmann’s fluid substitution relation for bulk modulus to multimineralic rocks with interconnected pores. Their strikingly simple yet general result requires two additional bulk stiffnesses, which despite mathematical elegance, are less intuitive than those required by Gassmann. This creates a practical problem, so much so that even though virtually all rocks are multimineralic, in practice, Brown and Korringa’s result is seldom used. We revisited this fluid substitution problem and obtained an exact relation for the bulk modulus, which, much like Brown and Korringa’s result, required two additional bulk stiffnesses. Although fundamentally identical to Brown and Korringa, our exact solution algebraically differs from Brown and Korringa’s result, and features two different additional bulk stiffnesses. This reformulation of Brown and Korringa’s result led to strict constraints and new approximations for fluid substitution. Estimates using these new approximations spanned a range that quantified the uncertainty associated with performing fluid substitution when mineral distribution is unknown. We found that this uncertainty was insignificant if the stiffness contrast between different minerals was sufficiently small. For the examples considered, this was true when the stiffness ratio between soft and stiff minerals approached 0.4. When the mineral stiffness contrast was large, we developed a new recipe for fluid substitution, which significantly improved on using the conventional approach of Gassmann with Voigt-Reuss-Hill or Hashin-Shtrikman averaging for minerals in the rock matrix.
A fast algorithm to forward model the triaxial induction logging response in layered transversely isotropic dipping formations
Authors: He Zhili , Liu Richard C. , Huang Kai , Guo Chen
Published: March 2015

We have developed a new analytic method to compute the response of triaxial induction logging tools in layered transverse isotropic (TI) dipping formations without borehole and invasion zones. A triaxial induction tool is composed of one or more sets of three orthogonal transmitter coils and three orthogonal receiver coils arranged along the tool axis. The tool axis may intercept a formation with dip, azimuthal, and rotation angles. Based on the electromagnetic (EM) field in planarly layered media, formulations of the EM fields generated by these three transmitting coils are derived. A fast-forward-modeling algorithm to compute the responses of an induction tool was developed. Compared with the algorithm using the coefficient propagator method previously developed, the proposed algorithm calculates the generalized reflection and transmission coefficients only once for each layer regardless of the position of the transmitters, and therefore, it greatly speeds up the computation. The simulation code solves for all nine components of the magnetic field in a TI layered medium. Results of this new method were developed for several formation models, which agreed very well with the published data. For a dipping or nondipping case in a 28-layer formation, the proposed method was about 37 times faster, which was more appropriate to be used in an inversion algorithm.
An iterative, fast-sweeping-based eikonal solver for 3D tilted anisotropic media
Authors: Waheed Umair Bin , Yarman Can Evren , Flagg Garret
Published: March 2015

Computation of first-arrival traveltimes for quasi-P waves in the presence of anisotropy is important for high-end near-surface modeling, microseismic-source localization, and fractured-reservoir characterization — and it requires solving an anisotropic eikonal equation. Anisotropy deviating from elliptical anisotropy introduces higher order nonlinearity into the eikonal equation, which makes solving the eikonal equation a challenge. We addressed this challenge by iteratively solving a sequence of simpler tilted elliptically anisotropic eikonal equations. At each iteration, the source function was updated to capture the effects of the higher order nonlinear terms. We used Aitken’s extrapolation to speed up convergence rate of the iterative algorithm. The result is an algorithm for computing first-arrival traveltimes in tilted anisotropic media. We evaluated the applicability and usefulness of our method on tilted transversely isotropic media and tilted orthorhombic media. Our numerical tests determined that the proposed method matches the first arrivals obtained by wavefield extrapolation, even for strongly anisotropic and highly complex subsurface structures. Thus, for the cases where two-point ray tracing fails, our method can be a potential substitute for computing traveltimes. The approach presented here can be easily extended to compute first-arrival traveltimes for anisotropic media with lower symmetries, such as monoclinic or even the triclinic media.
The molecular and carbon isotopic constrains on origin and storage of Longmaxi Formation shale gas in Changning area, Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Tang Qingyan , Zhang Mingjie , Cao Chunhui , Song Zhe , Li Zhongping , Hu Xiao
Published: March 2015

We have developed a vacuum-crushing method for the extraction of gases stored in shale for the determination of gas yield, chemical composition, and carbon isotopic composition by online gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry. Analysis of the evacuation and parallel experiments showed low standard deviation and good reproducibility. This approach significantly improved the detection limits for trace-gas analysis in shale and measured multiple nonhydrocarbon gas components in a single run. We analyzed the chemical and carbon isotopic compositions of the gases released by one-step vacuum crushing from nineteen samples of organic-rich Longmaxi Formation (Fm.) shale in Changning outcrop, Sichuan Basin, China, and we studied the main controls on gas chemistry of retained gas in the Longmaxi Shale. The results showed that the crushed gas is high in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] but low in [Formula: see text]. The crushed gas has obviously lower [Formula: see text] ratios than the gas produced from the Longmaxi Fm. after hydraulic fracturing; it was dominated by [Formula: see text] gas while it is normalized to 100% total gaseous hydrocarbons and similar in chemical composition to hydrocarbon gases in the produced gas. Yields of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] in the crushed gas of most samples showed a weak positive correlation with total organic carbon (TOC) contents. The crushed gas had significantly light [Formula: see text] (on average [Formula: see text]) values and similar [Formula: see text] values when compared with the produced gas in the Changning area. The [Formula: see text] values of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] have similar features to the produced gas from the Weiyuan shale-gas play. Isotopically reversed trends ([Formula: see text]) between ethane and methane were observed for some samples. Our findings regarding the similarity in chemical and carbon isotopic compositions between crushed gas and produced gas from the Weiyuan shale-gas play might provide important evidence of the origin and storage of shale gas in the organic-rich Silurian Longmaxi Fm.
Advances in hyperspectral remote sensing I: The visible Fourier transform hyperspectral imager
Authors: Rafert J.
Published: March 2015

We discuss early hyperspectral research and development activities during the 1990s that led to the deployment of
aircraft and satellite payloads whose heritage was based on the use of visible, spatially modulated, imaging Fourier
transform spectrometers, beginning with early experiments at the Florida Institute of Technology, through successful
launch and deployment of the Visible Fourier Transform Hyperspectral Imager on MightySat II.1 on 19 July 2000. In addition
to a brief chronological overview, we also discuss several of the most interesting optical engineering challenges that were
addressed over this timeframe, present some as-yet un-exploited features of field-widened (slit-less) SMIFTS
instruments, and present some images from ground-based, aircraft-based and satellite-based instruments that helped
provide the impetus for the proliferation and development of entire new families of instruments and countless new
applications for hyperspectral imaging.
Kvik: three-tier data exploration tools for flexible analysis of genomic data in epidemiological studies
Authors: Fjukstad Bjørn , Standahl Olsen Karina , Jareid Mie , Lund Eiliv , Bongo Lars Ailo
Published: March 2015

Kvik is an open-source system that we developed for explorative analysis of functional genomics data from large epidemiological studies. Creating such studies requires a significant amount of time and resources. It is therefore usual to reuse the data from one study for several research projects. Often each project requires implementing new analysis code, integration with specific knowledge bases, and specific visualizations. Existing data exploration tools do not provide all the required functionality for such multi-study data exploration. We have therefore developed the Kvik framework which makes it easy to implement specialized data exploration tools for specific projects. Applications in Kvik follow the three-tier architecture commonly used in web applications, with REST interfaces between the tiers. This makes it easy to adapt the applications to new statistical analyses, metadata, and visualizations. Kvik uses R to perform on-demand data analyses when researchers explore the data. In this note, we describe how we used Kvik to develop the Kvik Pathways application to explore gene expression data from healthy women with high and low plasma ratios of essential fatty acids using biological pathway visualizations. Researchers interact with Kvik Pathways through a web application that uses the JavaScript libraries Cytoscape.js and D3. We use Docker containers to make deployment of Kvik Pathways simple.
Seven common CPD problems
Authors: Weston David
Published: March 2015

The Teacher Development Trust has audited the CPD plans, procedures and culture in more than 50 schools. David Weston explains the most common problems they found, and offers some solutions
Advice before feedback…
Authors: Sarson Clare
Published: March 2015

Clare Sarson explains how a simple change to the lesson observation process has improved dialogue about teaching
Ofsted: What is changing and how?
Authors: McNeillie Justine
Published: March 2015

Are you ready for the changes to inspection from September 2015? Expert Justine McNeillie looks at what is ahead and advises school leaders
How to manage indwelling feeding tubes in critically ill dogs and cats
Authors: van Schoor Mirinda
Published: March 2015

Introduction

Although not many veterinary research articles are available to prove the benefits of enteral nutrition in critically ill veterinary patients, it is widely accepted that providing nutrition improves outcome in these patients. In many cases patients do not voluntarily consume adequate levels of energy and feeding tubes are used to facilitate feeding. These include naso-enteric tubes, oesophagostomy tubes, gastrostomy tubes and jejunostomy tubes. This article gives a brief overview of the practical use and management of enteral feeding tubes and the technique for placement of naso-enteric tubes.
The battle continues against backstreet breeding
Authors: Haslegrave Charlotte
Published: March 2015

Every day Battersea Dogs & Cats Home sees the effects of backstreet breeding with dogs coming into the home that have been irresponsibly bred, sold and abandoned.
CuO-ZnO-Al2O3/γ-Al2O3 katalizatzailearen desaktibazioa dimetil eterraren sintesian
Authors: Sierra Irene , Ateka Ainara , Ereña Javier
Published: March 2015

(H2+ CO) elikatuz eta CuO-ZnO-Al2O3/γ-Al2O3katalizatzailea erabiliz egindako dimetil eterraren sintesi zuzenean, garrantzitsua da koke deritzon karbonodun materiala ezartzearen ondorioz gertatzen den desaktibazioa. TPO analisien emaitzek eta erreakzio-produktuen denborarekiko bilakaerak erakusten dute kokeak CuO-ZnO funtzio metalikoa desaktibatzen duela. Koke hori metanolaren sintesi-erreakzioarekin paraleloan eratzen da, eta eragina dauka metanolaren sintesi-erreakzioan. Hidrokarburoak sortzen dituzten erreakzioek, aldiz, ez dute jasaten desaktibazioaren eragina.
Populazio baheketaren garrantzia: giza papilomabirusaren aurkako borroka
Authors: Fontecha Nerea , Basaras Miren , Quilez Jose C. , Hernáez Silvia , Andía Daniel , Cisterna Ramon
Published: March 2015

Giza papilomabirusa (HPV) 120 genotipo baino gehiagoz osaturiko birus taldea da. Genotipo horien guztien artean 40 bat inguruk gaitasun onkogenikoa dute eta minbizia sor dezakete gorputzeko hainbat ataletan:orofaringea, bulba, zakila edo umetoki-lepoa. Azken minbizi mota honek urtero 250.000 emakumeren heriotza eragiten du. Halaber, kontuan izan behar da HPV genotipo guztiek ez dutela onkogenikotasun maila bera aurkezten. 16 eta 18 genotipoak, adibidez, umetoki lepoko minbizi kasuen % 75etan aurkitu dira. Ikerketa lan honetan minbizia garatzeko arrisku altua duten giza papilomabirus (HPV) genotipoen populazio-baheketa egin dugu gure inguruko emakume talde batean (Bilbo, Euskal Herria), birus honen nagusitasuna eta genotipo desberdinen arteko banaketa ezagutzeko. Gure ikerketa honetan, ikusi da birus honen arrisku altuko genotipoen intzidentzia gure inguruan % 10,63 dela eta HPV 16 eta 18ak sortutako infekzioak umetoki-lepoko epitelioan lesioak sortzeko gaitasun altuagoa dutela; hain zuzen, HPV 16 duten emakumeen % 56,25ak lesioren bat garatu dute. Gainera, egiaztatu ahal izan da emakume gazteei nagusiki eragiten dien birusa dela; 30 urtetik beherako emakumeetan birusaren nagusitasuna % 24,87koa izan da, 30 eta 50 urte arteko emakumeetan % 8,37koa eta 50 urte baino nagusiagoak diren emakumeetan % 3,36koa. Azkenik, behatu izan da infekzio anitzek gaitasun handia dutela umetoki lepoko epitelioan lesioak sortzeko, batez ere 16 genotipoa arrisku altuko beste genotipo batzuekin batera daudenean. Gainera, infekzio anitzak emakume gazteetan baizik ez dira agertzen (batez besteko adina 28,89 urte).
Forma urbana tradicional e modernista
Authors: Tarcìsio da Luz Reis Dr. Arq. Antônio
Published: March 2015

The objective of this paper is to discuss some of the implications of traditional urban form and modernist urban form, for the use and aesthetics of urban spaces, such as the existence of visual and functional connections between buildings and public open spaces and the use given to the ground floors. In "traditional urban form" the buildings have front doors and windows facing public streets, while in the "modernist urban form" buildings tend to have doors and windows distant from public streets and/or directed to internal open spaces in the block, without distinction between front and back doors and windows. Thus, examples of cities in different countries are used for comparisons and reflections involving these aspects. The main consequences of these analyzes reinforce the need for a better understanding on the implications of urban form for the use and aesthetics of urban spaces. Additionally, it is highlighted the importance of visual and functional connections between the ground floor and the public open spaces, to the vitality, safety and appearance of urban spaces.
Study and analysis of discontinuity by using taper baluns
Authors: Aldahhan Hussein , Qas Elias Bashar
Published: March 2015

A coplanar stripline (CPS) to microstrip line transition (MSL) are designed with high characteristics, such as wide band, low return loss and high insertion loss. Two types of tapers are proposed, exponential and triangular to decreases of discontinuity in the power flow in transmission line. The suggested design achieved reflection coefficient under -10 dB over wide band from 1 GHz to 3 GHz and insertion losses of less than 1 dB.
USO DE FÁRMACOS PSICOTRÓPICOS POR PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE ATUANTES DA ÁREA HOSPITALAR
Authors: Helfer Schneider Ana Paula , Azambuja Patricia Gens
Published: March 2015

Os objetivos deste estudo foram investigar a utilização de psicofármacos e os fatores associados ao seu uso entre os profissionais da saúde de um hospital de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS. Caracteriza-se por um estudo transversal, com coleta de dados por meio de questionário autoaplicável, não identificável e estruturado com perguntas abertas e fechadas, no período de setembro e outubro de 2012. Foram entrevistados 106 profissionais, sendo 91,5% mulheres, 74,5% técnicos de enfermagem e 40,57% atuantes em Unidades de Internação. Dos 106 participantes da pesquisa, 23 (21,7%) faziam uso de psicofármacos; com maior consumo entre profissionais atuantes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (34,78%) e Unidades de Internação (34,78%), com carga horária semanal de trabalho superior a 60 horas (50%), incluindo situações de mais de um vínculo empregatício. Observou-se maior prevalência no consumo de psicofármacos entre técnicos de enfermagem (22,8%). Os principais motivos apontados para o início do uso dos medicamentos em estudo foram a depressão, a ansiedade e a insônia. A falta de conhecimento sobre as características dos medicamentos e tratamento também foram observadas. Os resultados desse estudo apontam para um elevado consumo de psicofármacos entre profissionais de saúde e que há necessidade de maior comunicação entre usuários e prescritores, além dabusca por orientação farmacêutica, a fim de elucidar dúvidas quanto ao tratamento, visando o uso racional e correto de medicamentos.
ANÁLISE QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DE FORMALDEÍDO EM AMOSTRAS DE PRODUTOS DESTINADOS AO ALISAMENTO CAPILAR UTILIZADOS EM SALÕES DE BELEZA NO MUNICÍPIO DE LINHARES, ES - BRASIL
Authors: De Oliveira Crippa Valdinara , Freitas Teixeira Lo Ruama , Camizão Rebello Luciana
Published: March 2015

O formaldeído proporciona maior durabilidade e efetividade em processos de alisamento capilar, e então, passou a ser comumente usado de forma irregular para esse fim. Com a RDC nº 79 de 2000, da Anvisa, o uso de formaldeído passou a ser permitido em concentração máxima de 0,2% nos produtos cosméticos, com a finalidade de conservação. Por se tratar de uma substância que pode causar desde uma pequena irritação até carcinogênese, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se os principais alisantes capilares utilizados no município de Linhares, ES – Brasil estavam cumprindo as especificações exigidas pela legislação vigente. Foram coletadas dez amostras de marcas diferentes e, com base no Guia de Controle de Qualidade de Produtos Cosméticos da ANVISA, realizada a análise qualitativa por identificação com o reagente de Schiff e feito o doseamento por reação de acetilacetona. Dos dez produtos analisados, todos apresentaram formaldeído e 80% estavam com níveis acima do permitido. Estes resultados indicam que há necessidade de uma fiscalização mais rígida e constante dos alisantes capilares comercializados e estratégias de sensibilização sobre riscos de utilização do formol.
IDENTIFICAÇÃO BACTERIOLÓGICA EM BANHEIROS DE UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE DE MUNICÍPIOS DO NOROESTE PAULISTA, BRASIL
Authors: Rezende Catia , Arantes Thaís Marangoni , Rosa Nádia Rulli
Published: March 2015

As infecções relacionadas à assistência em saúde (IRAS), que são aquelas adquiridas durante a prestação dos cuidados de saúde, são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública não apenas no Brasil, mas no mundo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o isolamento e identificação de espécimens bacteriológicas em superfícies de banheiros de Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) localizadas em municípios do Noroeste Paulista, Brasil. As coletas foram realizadas em Maio de 2014, por meio da fricção de swabs estéreis embebidos em solução salina, abrangendo maçanetas, torneiras e válvulas de descarga de 16 banheiros situados em quatro UBS, totalizando 48 amostras. Das 48 amostras coletadas, foram identificadas 79 cepas, diferenciadas em 14 tipos de microrganismos, com prevalência de bacilos Gram positivos(49%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%) e Serratia rubidae (12%). Dentre as superfícies analisadas, as torneiras apresentaram o maior grau de contaminação. Além disso, foi constatado que os banheiros mais contaminados foram os destinados ao uso exclusivo de colaboradores. Essas evidências mostram a necessidade da conscientização de boas práticas de higienização pelos profissionais da saúde e da comunidade, a fim de minimizar o risco de transmissão de patógenos.
ANÁLISE DAS PRESCRIÇÕES DE SIBUTRAMINA DISPENSADAS EM DROGARIAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CUIABÁ-MT, BRASIL
Authors: Gonzaga Josyanne Barros , Siqueira Franciele da Silva , Zamprone Jéssica Teixeira , Franco Bruna , Constantino Sthephane Keith Correia , Silva Ednaldo Anthony Jesus , De Oliveira Ruberlei Godinho
Published: March 2015

A obesidade é uma doença metabólica caracterizada pelo aumento de massa corporal e/ou por um excesso de tecido adiposo no organismo. Dentre as opções farmacológicas, a sibutramina, é o medicamento mais indicado para indivíduos com sobrepeso. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar as prescrições de sibutramina dispensadas nas drogarias de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil em relação à distribuição da faixa etária, sexo, especialidade médica, bem como obter quais os principais erros de prescrições deste medicamento. Foram analisadas no período de três meses 815 receitas de controle especial, B2, na Vigilância Sanitária do município de Cuiabá-MT, decorrentes de cinco drogarias de rede aleatórias nos meses de julho, agosto e setembro do ano de 2014. Das quais, 83,7%, corresponderam a usuários do sexo feminino e restante ao sexo masculino. Quanto à faixa etária, observou-se a predominância entre 31–35 anos e em 9,94% foi ocultada a idade do paciente. A prescrição de sibutramina foi prevalente por clínicos gerais, seguido de endocrinologistas, sendo que entre os itens obrigatórios a ser preenchidos no receituário B2 não houve erros no preenchimento. De acordo com avaliação dos receituários, constata-se que o uso de sibutramina é prescrito sem diagnóstico preciso do grau de obesidade, o que acarreta problemas de saúde pública, bem como o uso irracional deste medicamento anorexígeno pela população cuiabana.
EUGENIA DYSENTERICA MART. EX DC. (CAGAITA): PLANTA BRASILEIRA COM POTENCIAL TERAPÊUTICO
Authors: Mazuti Silva Sandra Márcia , Gasca Silva Cristian Aldemar , Fonseca-Bazzo Yris Maria , Magalhães Pérola Oliveira , Silveira Dâmaris
Published: March 2015

O Brasil possui uma das maiores diversidades florísticas do mundo, com vários biomas de características diversas. Esses biomas são uma rica fonte de espécies vegetais utilizadas pelos habitantes locais como alimento e/ou para fins medicinais. Em 2006 foi publicada a Politica Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos (PNPMF) que estabeleceu diretrizes de atuação do Governo Federal na área, com o objetivo de fomentar o desenvolvimento industrial e tecnológico e estimular o uso sustentável da biodiversidade nacional. O Programa Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos, por sua vez, estabeleceu as ações dos diversos parceiros, para garantir o acesso, o desenvolvimento tecnológio e o uso de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos de forma segura, eficaz e com qualidade. Eugenia dysenterica Mart ex DC é uma espécie brasileira encontrada no bioma Cerrado e utilizada como alimento e para fins medicinais. Assim, no sentido de contribuir para a PNPMF, foi elaborada uma monografia mostrando os avanços nos estudos sobre essa espécie, potencialmente útil para no desenvolvimento de fitoterápico genuinamente nacional.
INDICADORES DE PRESCRICÃO MÉDICA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Souza Pedro Henrique Rodrigues de , Oliveira Maria Auxiliadora Silva
Published: March 2015

O farmacêutico, por meio da atenção farmacêutica, pode acompanhar a farmacoterapia, orientando e intervindo quando necessário, buscando melhoria na educação em saúde e na qualidade de vida do paciente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a importância da atenção farmacêutica na identificação e resolução das interações fármaco-nutriente, evidenciando as implicações dessas interações no efeito terapêutico do fármaco ou no estado nutricional. Foram realizadas pesquisas em livros e artigos científicos em bases de dados como Science Direct, Pubmed e Scielo, no período de 2000 a 2014. Os resultados mostraram que existem inúmeras possibilidades de interações fármaco-nutriente, as quais podem causar prejuízos ao efeito o fármaco e/ou ao estado nutricional do paciente, e essas muitas vezes não são identificadas, por falta de conhecimento dos profissionais da saúde ou devido aos testes de biodisponibilidade dos medicamentos serem realizados em jejum, por exigência dos órgãos sanitários. Desse modo, vê-se a necessidade da atuação do farmacêutico, que por meio do seu amplo conhecimento, pode colaborar com a diminuição dos riscos dessas interações fármaco-nutriente e nutriente-fármaco, resgatando assim a confiança do paciente e a essência da profissão.
On the relationship between unit cells and channel systems in high silica zeolites with the “butterfly” projection
Authors: Guo Peng , Wan Wei , McCusker Lynne , Baerlocher Christian , Zou Xiaodong
Published: March 2015

Zeolites are crystalline aluminosilicate framework materials with corner sharing TO4 (T = Al, Si) tetrahedra forming well-defined pores and channels. Many zeolites are built from similar building units (i.e., isolated units, chains or layers), which are connected in different ways to form a variety of topologies. We have identified ten zeolite frameworks that share the same two-dimensional “butterfly” net containing 5-, 6- and 10-rings: *MRE, FER, MEL, SZR, MFS, MFI, TUN, IMF, BOG and TON. Different orientations of the TO4 tetrahedra within the layer lead to different connectivities between neighboring layers. Some layers are corrugated and some are flat, resulting in different channel systems parallel to the layer. We found some interesting relationships between the unit cell parameters and this channel system that allow the size of the channels and their directions to be deduced from the unit cell dimensions. This may facilitate the prediction of new members of this zeolite family. In addition, other zeolites containing the “butterfly” layers are also discussed.
Crystal and molecular structures of two 1H-2-substituted benzimidazoles
Authors: Cabildo Pilar , Claramunt Rosa M. , Zuñiga Fco. Javier , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero Jose
Published: March 2015

The X-ray molecular structure of two benzimidazoles unsubstituted on the nitrogen atoms (2-ethyl-1H-benzimidazole and 2-propyl-1H-benzimidazole) has been determined and analysed in the context of crystallographic and solid-state NMR data of seven substituted benzimidazoles. The first compound presents polymorphism, and two polymorphs [forms 3a and 3c] were obtained from different solutions of dichloromethane/hexane. Polymorph (3a) contains two independent molecules differing in the conformation of the ethyl group. Polymorph (3c) contains only one molecule in the asymmetric unit, with similar configuration as the ordered molecule of polymorph (3a). Another polymorphic form (3b) is obtained by cooling form (3a) below 179 K. The transition is related to an order-disorder process and involves a change in the hydrogen-bonding scheme. The second compound (4) presents enantiomorphism and its asymmetric unit contains four independent molecules that differ in the conformation of the 2-propyl group. For form (3a), the splitting of NMR signals is almost perfectly consistent with the features of the crystal structure, whereas not splitting is observed for compound (4). Agreements between NMR and X-ray crystallography techniques are also observed in other simple 2-R-1H-benzimidazoles (R = C4H9, CH2C6H5 and C6H5), but disagreements are found for R = H, CH3.
Nonreciprocal Optical Tunnelling Through Evanescently Coupled Tamm States in Magnetophotonic Crystals
Authors: Fang Yun-Tuan , Han Ling , Gao Yong-Feng
Published: March 2015

Evanescently coupled Tamm states are achieved through two magnetophotonic crystals (MPCs) with a pair of coupling prisms. At the wavelengths of coupled Tamm states, a double of nonreciprocal optical tunnelling channels is found through the transmission spectra obtained from a developed transfer matrix method. The nonreciprocal tunnelling wavelength and the interval between two nonreciprocal channels can be adjusted depending on the width of the air gap between two MPCs or the scale invariant of a PC. The nonreciprocal tunnelling is demonstrated through electromagnetic field distribution simulations based on finite element software. Such theoretical results may provide a new method to design tunable optical isolators with a double of channels.
Extended Trial Equation Method for Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Gepreel Khaled A. , Nofal Taher A.
Published: March 2015

The main objective of this paper is to use the extended trial equation method to construct a series of some new solutions for some nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in mathematical physics. We will construct the solutions in many different functions such as hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, Jacobi elliptic function solutions, and rational functional solutions for the nonlinear PDEs when the balance number is a real number via the Zhiber–Shabat nonlinear differential equation. The balance number of this method is not constant as we shown in other methods, but it is changed by changing the trial equation derivative definition. This method allowed us to construct many new types of solutions. It is shown by using the Maple software package that all obtained solutions satisfy the original PDEs.
23Na Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Structure and Dynamic of Natrolite
Authors: Paczwa Mateusz , Sapiga Aleksej A. , Olszewski Marcin , Sergeev Nikolaj , Sapiga Aleksej V.
Published: March 2015

The temperature dependences of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra of 23Na nuclei in natrolite (Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O) have been studied. The temperature dependences of the spin-lattice relaxation times T1 in natrolite have also been studied. It has been shown that the spin-lattice relaxation of the 23Na is governed by the electric quadrupole interaction with the crystal electric field gradients modulated by translational motion of H2O molecules in the natrolite pores. The dipolar interactions with paramagnetic impurities become significant as a relaxation mechanism of the 23Na nuclei only at low temperature (<270 K).
Detection and Discrimination of the Periodicity of Prime Numbers by Discrete Fourier Transform – Symphony of Primes
Authors: L. Csoka
Published: March 2015

A novel representation of a quasi-periodic modified von Mangoldt function L(n) on prime numbers and its decomposition into Fourier series has been investigated. We focus on some particular quantities characterizing the modified von Mangoldt function. The results indicate that prime number progression can be decomposed into periodic sequences. The main approach is to decompose it into sin or cosine function. Basically, it is applied to extract hidden periodicities in seemingly quasi periodic prime function. Numerical evidences were provided to confirm the periodic distribution of primes.
Approximation Properties of Bivariate Extension of q-Stancu-Kantorovich Operators
Authors: Acu Ana Maria , Sofonea Daniel Florin
Published: March 2015

In this paper we introduce a new q-Stancu-Kantorovich operators and we study some of their approximation properties. Furthermore, a Voronovskaja type theorem is also proven.
Identities with Generalized Derivations and Automorphisms on Semiprime Rings
Authors: Ali Asma , Khan Shahoor , Hamdin Khalid Ali
Published: March 2015

In this paper we prove some results which extend Theorem 4, Theorem 10 and Theorem 11 of Vukman [13] and proposition 2.3 of Thaheem and Samman [10].
Efficient Cooperative Particle Swarm Optimization for TSK-Type Neural Fuzzy Systems and Its Classification Applications
Authors: Chen Cheng-Hung
Published: March 2015

This study proposes a cooperative particle swarm optimization (CPSO) to optimize the parameters of the TSK-type neural fuzzy system (TNFS) for classification applications. The proposed CPSO uses cooperative behavior among multiple subswarms to decompose the neural fuzzy systems into rule-based subswarms, and each particle within each subswarm evolves by a specific particle swarm optimization (PSO) separately. Therefore, the CPSO can accelerate the search and increase global search capacity. Finally, the TNFS with CPSO (TNFS-CPSO) is adopted in several classification applications. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TNFS-CPSO method has a higher accuracy rate and a faster convergence rate than the other methods.
A Framework to Assess Healthcare Data Quality
Authors: Warwick William , Johnson Sophie , Bond Judith , Fletcher Geraldine , Kanellakis Pavlo
Published: March 2015

Assessing data quality is a fundamental task during the research process. Information derived from data of inadequate quality may lead to invalid conclusions and misinformed management decisions for healthcare organisations. To minimise such risk a data quality framework can be utilised to ensure suitability and to quality assure datasets. This current research involved a review of existing frameworks and the formation of a new framework which combines quality criteria derived from different research disciplines. The current framework is robust, it can effectively assess data quality across a range of criteria and supports researchers to formulate a decision on whether to use the dataset. Further development of the quality framework would include an emphasis on the interdependencies of quality criteria.
Social Physique Anxiety and its Relation with Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Authors: Mohammadi Mehryar Nader , Assadollahi Ehsan , Niazifar Maede
Published: March 2015

The current study has been performed in order to compare social physique anxiety and Body Dismorphic Disorder between a group under medical cosmetic treatments and a control group. The study population consisted of 200 subjects, undergoing medical cosmetic therapy and 200 not receiving any medication considering this matter, which were selected by hand-to-hand and simple random sampling. In this post-causal study, to gather the information required for Heart’s social physical anxiety criterion, Philips’ Body Dysmorphic Disorder diagnostic questionnaire was distributed amongst the subjects. A significant difference and opposition, considering the degree of social physical anxiety (p=0.04), the number of persons with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (P=0.05) and those who showed a tendency towards cosmetic surgery (P=01), was observed between the main group of subjects and the control group. In both groups, those who had physical disorders, abnormalities or deformities, experienced higher levels of social physique anxiety. This value was reported higher in the subjects of the control group. The results indicate that the subjects of the group which had visited a center in order to receive cosmetic treatments, experience lower levels of social physique anxiety. Having Body dysmorphic Disorder and not receiving the required cosmetic treatments and medications, were determined the most important factors in predicting social physical anxiety levels, whilst other attributes, such as gender and the patient’s tendency towards undergoing a cosmetic surgery, are not effective in the prediction of such a value.
Mental Illness Stigma in Turkish and Greek Cypriot Communities Living in Cyprus: A Pilot Study
Authors: Zorba Akile B.
Published: March 2015

Currently stigma is considered to be the most important factor in the field of mental illness. More than 40 types of negative impact of stigma on ones’ life has been identified for the previous researchers. Although the impact of it is very negative there has not been any study conducted in the Northern side of Cyprus where Turkish Cypriots live. There has also very limited studies carried out in the Southern side where Greek Cypriots live. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the attitudes of the Greek and Turkish Cypriot populations living in Cyprus towards schizophrenia and look into the possible explanations behind these differences. An independent groups design was used in this study. One hundred participants were recruited from Greek and Turkish Cypriot populations. Participation to this study was voluntary and participants were represented with four different questionnaires assessing knowledge regarding mental health, attitudes towards mentally ill, level of familiarity and culture. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the Turkish and Greek Cypriot attitudes towards schizophrenia; Turkish Cypriots held more negative attitudes. Turkish Cypriots were also significantly more vertical collectivist, which was associated with the higher levels of stigma. Furthermore, Greek Cypriots were significantly more familiar with mental health problems and were found to have higher levels of knowledge about schizophrenia.
Emotion Coaching - A Strategy for Promoting Behavioural Self-Regulation in Children/Young People In Schools: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rose Janet , McGuire-Snieckus R. , Gilbert L.
Published: March 2015

Emotion coaching is a parenting style clinically observed in the USA which supports children’s emotional self-regulation, social skills, physical health and academic success. A pilot study in a rural disadvantaged area in England sought to evaluate the effectiveness of training practitioners who work with children and young people in schools, early years settings and youth centres to apply emotion coaching strategies in professional contexts, particularly during emotionally intensive and behavioural incidents. The study rested on the premise that supportive adults can individually and collectively empower children and young people to build a repertoire of internal and external socio-emotional regulatory skills that promote prosocial behavior. A mixed method approach was adopted (n=127). The findings suggest the efficacy of adopting emotion coaching strategies to support behavioural management approaches and policies within settings across the age range. Data from school contexts are largely recorded here. The research is the first pilot in the UK that builds on and complements similar work being undertaken in the USA and Australia.
The Values of Estonian Preschool Childcare Institutions’ Principals, Teachers, and Parents
Authors: Ülavere Pärje , Veisson Marika
Published: March 2015

The aim of the current study was to find out, what the values of Estonian preschool childcare institutions’ principals, teachers, and parents. The Estonian language version of the Portrait Value Questionnaire, developed by S. H. Schwartz, was used as a research method. Altogether 978 respondents from all over Estonia participated in the study, including 163 preschool childcare institutions’ principals, 425 teachers and 390 parents. The values of preschool principals, teachers, and parents were rather similar. In all groups, the highest evaluations were assigned to values related to benevolence (both caring and dependability) and the lowest to power (both dominance and resources). The results indicated that principals, compared to teachers, valued higher dominance and tolerance, while teachers gave higher evaluations to personal security and conforming to rules. Compared to principals and teachers, parents gave significantly higher evaluations to resources. Also, parents valued dominance higher than teachers and hedonism more than principals.
The Art of Graphics in Design Education
Authors: Ormecioglu Hilal Tugba , Ucar Aydin
Published: March 2015

In addition to its indispensable role in presentation, graphic design could be designated as a powerful instrument especially in architectural education for students to develop a design idea at the very beginning of the process. That's why, mood boards provide a useful tool with which students respond their perceptions on the design problem and develop ideas about it. This paper discusses the role of graphics in design education as not only it is commonly accepted, a presentation tool; but also as rarely applied, a part of design process. The discussion is held through comparison of usage of art of graphics both on final presentations and on ‘mood boards’ linking the end of the process with the beginning. With these ideas in mind, the authors would like to share their experiences and define the contributions of usage of mood boards in 2013-2014 semester of the design studios in Department of Interior Architecture and Environmental Design at Akdeniz University FFA.
Transformations In Teachers’ Discourse About Their Students During A School-Led Pedagogic Intervention
Authors: Rainio Anna Pauliina , Hofmann Riikka
Published: March 2015

Many pedagogic interventions aim to counteract the problem of students’ disengagement in learning but often fail to take into account the perceptions and practices of educational practitioners. In this article we analyse teachers’ collaborative talk as an important part of developing school practices. We examine how teachers construct students’ engagement as a goal of their work and how they, in the course of a research-based, school-led pedagogic intervention, begin to re-define this problem and their perceptions of their students. Using a discourse analytic framework, we analyse nine video-recorded group discussions with 30 teachers in a socially disadvantaged urban secondary school participating in a 2-year intervention study. The analysis focuses on teachers’ talk of their students as the teachers constructed obstacles, preconditions and possibilities for the development of their work. We categorize the teachers' talk about their students’ engagement as emphasising (1) Students as autonomous choice-makers; (2) Students as active doers and participants in school; and (3) Students as whole, embodied beings. During the intervention, teachers’ talk shifted not only from negative to more positive talk of their students but also to seeing their students as more complex and embodied beings whose problems in school are not inevitable obstacles for classroom work but as something that the teachers can start to do something at. In this paper we call this change in teachers’ talk as “envisioned ideology”. In pedagogic interventions there need to be what we call “latent supporting factors” that can enable the development of this kind of “envisioned ideology”.
Responses to a Language Policy: EFL Teachers’ Voices
Authors: Nguyen Van Trao , Mai Khoi Ngoc
Published: March 2015

This present study investigates in-service EFL Vietnamese teachers’ responses to the government language proficiency requirements imposed on them. The study adopts a language proficiency self-assessment survey and semi-structured interviews with respectively 350 and 44 participants. The data analysis generates a matrix of interrelated challenges underlying the teachers’ dilemma in the participant’s English proficiency development. The interwoven challenges demand for a holistic approach with better collaboration among different forces across levels to draft meaningful and long term supporting plans in this context. The analysis also shows the participants all longed for a more appropriate support framework to improve their English language proficiency while acknowledging they are competent to execute their teaching practices.
What's it like being you? Growing old(er) with Autism Spectrum Conditions – A Scoping Study
Authors: Elichaoff Frauke
Published: March 2015

The aim of this scoping study was to understand which issues are of salience for the experiences of adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASCs) as they grow older, in order to determine themes for a follow up study using in-depth interviews. Four adults (two female, two male) on the high-functioning end of the autism spectrum were interviewed with a purposely broad semi-structured interview schedule. The transcripts were analysed using Thematic Analysis to identify emerging themes. The themes identified are depression, effects of diagnosis, experiences with mental health professionals and therapists, the inverted relationship between educational level and career, the participant as autism expert, and communication/social interaction. The findings echo some existing research and present an insight into the lived experiences of older adults with autism. The themes identified in the scoping study will form the basis for further qualitative studies. Implications for further research are also discussed.
Burnout among Hungarian physicians. Who are the most jeopardized?
Authors: Győrffy Zsuzsa , Girasek Edmond
Published: March 2015

Introduction: Burnout is one of the most challenging questions of the healthcare systems in the 21st century. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the Hungarian physicians’ burnout and its associations with workload factors (work hours, shift work, multiple workplaces). Method: Data of this representative, cross-sectional, online epidemiological study was obtained from online questionnaires completed by 4784 physicians. Results: Medium or high level personal accomplishment was present in 75.9% and emotional exhaustion in 58% among physicians, while medium or high level of depersonalization subscale was 53%. All of the 3 dimensions showed association with young ages (<35 years), work in in-patient care, shift hours and multiple workplaces. The physician partner increased the risk of depersonalization, however, children were protective factors. The work–home interface was associated with higher burnout scores. Conclusions: Physicians’ burnout is an important indicator of the functioning and effectiveness of the healthcare system. The results suggest the importance of prevention and intervention. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(14), 564–570.