bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation between Social Conservatism, Moral Competence, Moral Orientations, and the Importance of Moral Foundations
Authors: Trups-Kalne Ingrida , Dimdins Girts
Published: November 2017

This paper examines the relation between moral competence, moral orientations, importance of moral foundations, and political orientation, by combining two theoretical approaches in moral psychology--the cognitive perspective and social-intuitionist perspective. The participants (Study 1 N=348, aged 18 to 67, and Study 2 N = 361, aged 16 to 74) completed the Moral Competence Test (formerly Moral Judgment Test, Lind, 1978, 2008), the 30-Item Full Version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Graham, Haidt & Nosek, 2008), and measurements of political orientation (a seven-point self-evaluation scale in study 1 and an 8-item social conservatism scale in Study 2). There was a negative correlation between moral competence on the one hand and conservative political orientation and binding moral foundations on the other hand. The overall correlation pattern between the scores of moral orientation and moral competence, and importance of moral foundations and political orientation was relatively weak and only partially consistent with the theoretical predictions. The results suggest that constructs used in the cognitive and social-intuitionist perspectives on moral judgment are conceptually different, and integrating the two approaches may be a challenging task.
Congregation of the Condemned: Decades of Discontinuous Debates on Death by Design in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Obarisiagbon Barr. Emmanuel Imuetinyan
Published: November 2017

The application of death penalty has been a subject of heated arguments amongst scholars, human right proponents and Christian religious leaders. Although several nations the world over have abrogated its use, Nigeria still has death penalty deeply entrenched in its statute books. In spite of this, capital offences are still on the increase thus calling to question, its relevance as a form of deterrent. The study utilised the functionalist theory.The design was exploratory and involved the use of qualitative methods of data collection. Three states: Edo, Delta and Anambra in southern Nigeria were purposively selected due to high incidence of the commission of capital offences in the locations. 1200 questionnaires were administered to respondents, 30 in-depth interviews and 15 key informant interviews were conducted. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data collected was undertaken using frequency distribution while the manual content analysis was used for qualitative data collected from the field work. Findings from this investigation showed that death penalty does not in any way deter would-be criminals from committing crime. Based on the findings of the study, government rather than eliminating criminals should instead focus more on their rehabilitation and also use its enormous power and resources to redress some of the inequalities and injustice that characterize our society which is often the cause of crime.
Sexual Promiscuity and Health Issues among Female Undergraduate Students in Adekunle Ajasin University: Counselling Implications
Authors: Ajidahun Beatrice O.
Published: November 2017

This study examined the promiscuous behaviour of female undergraduate students and the various health issues related to it. It also investigated the relationship between the University lifestyles and female students’ promiscuous behaviour. The study adopted descriptive survey with a sample of one hundred and twenty (120) undergraduate female students selected using simple random sampling technique. A questionnaire titled “Sexual Promiscuity (SP) designed by the researcher was used to collect data for the study. Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the result of the study. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between the female undergraduates’ promiscuous behaviour and their University lifestyles X2= 178.092<0.05). Also, there was significant relationship between the promiscuous behaviour and sexually transmitted diseases (X2= 70.69<0.05). It was therefore concluded that female undergraduate students of Adekunle Ajasin University were promiscuous because of their University lifestyles and that many were exposed to various sexually transmitted diseases that affect their health. Recommendations were based on the findings of the study that the University lifestyles of students should be modernized to discourage promiscuous behaviour among female undergraduate students. Besides, adequate health and counselling seminars should be organized on regular basis to intimate female students with the consequences of such promiscuous lifestyles.
Investigating the Causal Relationship between Inflation and Trade Openness using Toda–Yamamoto Approach: Evidence from Zambia
Authors: Zombe Chibvalo , Daka Lincoln , Phiri Christopher , Kaonga Oliver , Chibwe Francis , Seshamani Venkatesh
Published: November 2017

The paper examines whether a significant relationship exists between inflation and trade openness in Zambia over the period 1985 to 2015. We use the Toda-Yamamoto approach to Granger causality to test for a causal relationship between inflation and trade openness. The results establish a bi-directional causality between inflation and trade openness. Further, there exists a positive relationship between inflation and trade openness in Zambia. Our findings stress the importance for central banks to understand the consequences of international trade for domestic inflation.
Effect of Pharmacist Counseling on the Success of Therapy and the Quality of Life of Hypertensive Patients in a Hospital in East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Riwu Magdarita , Yubiliana Gilang , Halimah Eli , Lestari Keri , Suwantika Auliya , Perwitasari Dyah , Diantini Ajeng
Published: November 2017

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires an intensive monitoring from time to time to prevent complications leading to cardiovascular disease. In addition, its complex health needs have an effect on the treatment process and the motivation of the patient for treatment. Therefore, pharmacist counseling is expected to provide information to patients in handling health problems, especially related to the treatment of hypertension. Counseling is expected to provide behavioral changes to optimize therapeutic effects and improve the quality of life of patients. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of pharmacist counseling on the success of therapy and quality of life of hypertensive patients. The study was conducted at a hospital in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara to outpatients in Depo Induk implementing true experimental design and pretest posttest with control group with simple random sampling method during April - June 2017. The data collection included blood pressure, age, gender, education level, treatment success seen from decreased or controlled blood pressure, and quality of life with Short Form- 36 (SF-36). The subjects of the study were 100 people divided into 50 people in the non-counseling group (who merely received information on medication as usual by pharmacist in Depo Induk) and 50 people in the counseling group (who received drug information service as usual by pharmacist in Depo Induk and individual counseling by pharmacist/researcher). Counseling was given in the form of giving insight about drugs, hypertension, and non-pharmacological approach (lifestyle modification) in managing hypertension. The results showed that with counseling, pharmacists can improve treatment success proven by the decrease of systolic blood pressure (-9 mmHg, p=0,000) and diastolic blood pressure (-7 mmHg, p=0,000); improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients with p<0.000 value of both pre and posttest and treatment (counseling) and also validated by final data test results between non-counseling group and counseling group.
Culturally Responsive Mathematics Teaching and Constructivism: Preparing Teachers for Diverse Classrooms
Authors: Wachira Patrick , Mburu Jane
Published: November 2017

As the school population becomes increasingly diverse with students of differing ethnic, cultural and linguistic backgrounds, there is a need for more responsive practices that capitalize on the cultural capital that such students bring to the learning process. Current practices especially in mathematics teaching are failing to meet the learning needs of most diverse students thus contributing to their lack of success. Further, few teacher education programs have successfully tackled the challenging task of preparing teachers to meet the learning needs of diverse students. This article explores the theory of constructivism and its implications to mathematics teaching. The article further explores culturally responsive pedagogy and what it means to be a culturally responsive teacher. In their analyses, the authors draw parallels between culturally responsive pedagogical practices and strategies for teaching based on a constructivist view of learning. They demonstrate why the general principles derived from the constructivist theory are particularly suited for teaching diverse students consistent with notions of culturally responsive pedagogy. Some recommendations for teacher preparation are then provided.
Metameric Light Sources: A Recent Paradigm for Functional Lighting
Authors: Petrulis Andrius , Vitta Pranciškus , Aglinskaitė Justina , Vaicekauskas Rimantas , Žukauskas Artūras
Published: November 2017

Recent progress in tuneable solid-state light sources opens new opportunities in a niche and high added value lighting applications. The standard colorimetric technique of composing an identical colour coordinate metameric light spectra are facing the challenges due to the colour discrepancy noticed by the observers. A side-by-side colour matching experiment was performed with two tuneable tetrachromatic RAGB lamps (638 nm red, 598 nm pc amber, 518 nm green, 451 nm blue LEDs) to compare the colour of the metameres in a 10-deg viewing angle. The metameric light matching was investigated using a 2-deg (CIE 1931) and 10-deg (CIE 1964) XYZ colour matching function. Both colour matching functions of standard colorimetric observers were shown to be inaccurate for aligning of metameric spectral power distributions without a noticeable difference in a perceived colour. On the other hand, a wide scatter of individual results revealed that the standard colour matching functions are inherently limited and in some cases, especially in professional lighting applications, the individually adjustable metameric lighting approach is to be considered.
Widerspruch und Totalität
Authors: Schiller Hans-Ernst
Published: November 2017

Der Aufsatz zeigt die Strukturanalogien zwischen Hegels Konstruktion des Widerspruchs in der
Scattering of Non-Relativistic Charged Particles by Electromagnetic Radiation
Authors: Apostol M.
Published: November 2017

The cross-section is computed for non-relativistic charged particles (like electrons and ions) scattered by electromagnetic radiation confined to a finite region (like the focal region of optical laser beams). The cross-section exhibits maxima at scattering angles given by the energy and momentum conservation in multi-photon absorption or emission processes. For convenience, a potential scattering is included and a comparison is made with the well-known Kroll-Watson scattering formula. The scattering process addressed in this paper is distinct from the process dealt with in previous studies, where the scattering is immersed in the radiation field.
Coping Strategies of Smallholder Farming Communities after the 2015 Nepal Earthquake: Insights into Post-Disaster Resilience and Social–Ecological Change
Authors: Epstein Kathleen , DiCarlo Jessica , Marsh Robin , Ray Isha , Måren Inger
Published: November 2017

Environmental disasters, such as hurricanes, landslides, and earthquakes, are pervasive and disproportionately affect rural and poor populations. The concept of resilience is typically used in disaster scenarios to describe how a community or person is able to “bounce back” from a disaster event. At the same time, resilience theory also contends that disasters, or environmental shocks, can produce or initiate profound changes in social and ecological systems. This case uses a post-disaster resilience assessment to examine how the series of earthquakes that hit central Nepal in 2015 impacted farming communities. Mid-montane smallholder farming communities near the epicenters of the earthquakes were the most affected and the associated damages impeded traditional and subsistence agricultural practices. Our results show how some aspects of the Nepali farming social–ecological system (SES) bounced back more quickly than others and how farmers used various types of coping strategies, including the adoption of labor-saving cash crops as part of their post-disaster recovery. The increased interest in cash crops after the earthquake accelerates an ongoing transition toward more market activities in subsistence communities and illustrates the potential of environmental shocks to transform and change SESs.
Pokušaji ostvarivanja pedagoškog pluralizma u obrazovnoj politici i praksi u Srbiji
Authors: Spasenović Vera , Vujisić Živković Nataša
Published: November 2017

Rad je razmatra pitanja uspostavljanja i razvijanja pedagoškog pluralizma u obrazovnoj politici i praksi u Srbiji u razdoblju od sredine 20. stoljeća do danas. Pod pedagoškim pluralizmom podrazumijevamo uvažavanje i afirmaciju različitih pedagoških koncepcija i pristupa u razvijanju teorije i prakse obrazovanja, odnosno njegovanje različitih teorijskih orijentacija u području obrazovanja, kao i omogućavanje i ostvarivanje alternativnih rješenja glede organizacije i funkcioniranja školskog i nastavnog rada u odnosu na dominantni model školovanja. U vrijeme jugoslavenskog socijalističkog sustava, koga karakterizira nepostojanje demokratskog političkog poretka i odsustvo njegovanja pluralističkih stavova i vrijednosti, izostao je i pedagoški (i školski) pluralizam. Povoljniji uvjeti za razvoj pedagoškog i školskog pluralizma u Srbiji stvoreni su u post-socijalističkom razdoblju. Nakon 90-tih godina 20. stoljeća otvorena je mogućnost osnivanja privatnih odgojno-obrazovnih ustanova, a od nedavno i vrtića i škola posebne pedagoške orijentacije (tj. alternativnih škola). Također, u proteklom razdoblju realiziran je veći broj projekata, programa i obuka usmjerenih ka unaprjeđenju kvalitete nastavnog i školskog rada, u okviru kojih se mogu prepoznati ideje i koncepti karakteristični za reformne pedagoške pokrete. Međutim, dojam je da se inicijative i napori kojima se podupire pluralizam u obrazovanju, a koji dolaze od znanstvene i stručne javnosti, kao i od prosvjetnih vlasti, odnose uglavnom na demokratizaciju i unaprjeđivanje kvalitete obrazovanja unutar javnog sustava školstva, a ne na promoviranje i podršku privatnom obrazovanju i/ili alternativnim pedagoškim koncepcijama u njihovom izvornom obliku.
Od reformne do alternativne pedagogije: pokušaji drugačije škole u Hrvatskoj u 20. stoljeću
Authors: Batinić Štefka , Radeka Igor
Published: November 2017

Modernizacijski procesi na svim razinama koji su se odražavali na svakodnevni život i bili glavnim uzrocima reforme života, društvenih, kulturnih i pedagoških pokreta europskog fin de sièclea reflektirali su se i na Hrvatsku, osobito na njezina urbana područja. Europska je reformna pedagogija sa svojim glavnim predstavnicima i koncepcijama, barem na informativnoj razini, dopirala do hrvatskih učitelja. Začetnici reformne pedagogije u Hrvatskoj su zagrebački učitelji Vjekoslav Koščević i Ivan Tomašić. Njihova reformska nastojanja manifestirala su se u istupima protiv herbartovske pedagogije, u prikupljanju iskustava i spoznaja o reformnim pedagoškim pokretima u srednjoeuropskim zemljama i njihovoj implementaciji u vlastitu pedagošku praksu te u pokušajima organiziranog promicanja ideja reformne pedagogije kroz Hrvatsko društvo za unapređenje uzgoja i časopis Preporod. Brojni su učitelji i učiteljice osluškivali puls početka „stoljeća djeteta“ i diskretno prilagođavali svoju pedagošku praksu novom duhu. Nakon Prvoga svjetskog rata – u novoj državnoj zajednici Kraljevini Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca (od 1929. Kraljevini Jugoslaviji) – hrvatski su se učitelji angažirali na području praktične školske reforme odnosno didaktičko-metodičke obnove, koja je značila nastavak procesa započetog prije Prvoga svjetskog rata. Radna škola kao glavni cilj didaktičko-metodičke obnove postala je tridesetih godina 20. stoljeća i službeno pedagoško usmjerenje, pod snažnim uplivom prosvjetne politike i ideologije ondašnje jugoslavenske države. Funkciju učiteljskih ferijalnih tečajeva radne škole, kao modela stručnog usavršavanja učitelja za novu školu, od sredine tridesetih preuzimaju državne ogledne škole. Glavni predstavnici pokreta radne škole u Hrvatskoj bili su: Ante Defrančeski, Josip Demarin, Mate Demarin, Salih Ljubunčić, Marijan Markovac, Zlatko Špoljar, Stjepan Zaninović i drugi. Tijekom dva međuratna desetljeća u Hrvatskoj se profiliraju akademski obrazovani pedagozi, teoretičari koji su se bavili ključnim pitanjima pedagogije kao (duhovno)znanstvene ili filozofijske discipline i istodobno održavali vezu s aktualnom pedagoškom zbiljom i kritički upozoravali na neke negativne pojave u praksi nove škole: Stjepan Matičević, Pavao Vuk-Pavlović, Stjepan Pataki, Vladimir Petz i drugi. Refleksije reformne pedagogije zamjetne su i u ostalim sferama odgojno-obrazovnog rada kao što su: obrazovanje odraslih, zdravstveno prosvjećivanje, socijalna skrb i zaštita djece, organizacije djece i mladih, suradnja roditeljskog doma i škole te različiti oblici kulturnog i umjetničkog rada s djecom i za djecu. Alternativni pedagoški koncepti odškrinuli su 1990-ih vrata pedagoškom i školskom pluralizmu u Hrvatskoj, no on je i nakon dva desetljeća u početnoj fazi razvoja.
Mesalazine-induced myopericarditis in a patient with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Asadi Jalal , Bhandari Sanjay S. , Ahmed Nauman
Published: November 2017

A 25-year-old male with a background of ulcerative colitis presented with a two-week history of central chest pain. His ECG on presentation showed global T wave inversion with a peak troponin I of 165 ng/mL. Clinical diagnosis of myopericarditis/myocarditis was made. Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) confirmed the diagnosis. On detailed assessment of his medication history, mesalazine was suspected as an etiological factor, with discontinuation resulting in an improvement in symptoms, inflammatory markers and cardiac enzymes. This is a unique case of mesalazine-induced myopericarditis on a background of inflammatory bowel disease.
Natural Variation inSER1andENA6Underlie Condition-Specific Growth Defects inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sirr Amy , Scott Adrian C , Cromie Gareth A , Ludlow Catherine L , Ahyong Vida , Morgan Trey S , Gilbert Teresa , Dudley Aimée M
Published: November 2017

Despite their ubiquitous use in laboratory strains, naturally occurring loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding core metabolic enzymes are relatively rare in wild isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we identify a naturally occurring serine auxotrophy in a sake brewing strain from Japan. Through a cross with a honey wine (white tecc) brewing strain from Ethiopia, we map the minimal medium growth defect to SER1, which encodes 3-phosphoserine aminotransferase and is orthologous to the human disease gene, PSAT1. To investigate the impact of this polymorphism under conditions of abundant external nutrients, we examine growth in rich medium alone or with additional stresses, including the drugs caffeine and rapamycin and relatively high concentrations of copper, salt, and ethanol. Consistent with studies that found widespread effects of different auxotrophies on RNA expression patterns in rich media, we find that the SER1 loss-of-function allele dominates the quantitative trait locus (QTL) landscape under many of these conditions, with a notable exacerbation of the effect in the presence of rapamycin and caffeine. We also identify a major-effect QTL associated with growth on salt that maps to the gene encoding the sodium exporter, ENA6. We demonstrate that the salt phenotype is largely driven by variation in the ENA6 promoter, which harbors a deletion that removes binding sites for the Mig1 and Nrg1 transcriptional repressors. Thus, our results identify natural variation associated with both coding and regulatory regions of the genome that underlie strong growth phenotypes.
Two Distinct Regulatory Mechanisms of Transcriptional Initiation in Response to Nutrient Signaling
Authors: Ferdoush Jannatul , Sen Rwik , Kaja Amala , Barman Priyanka , Bhaumik Sukesh R
Published: November 2017

SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5-Acetyltransferase) and TFIID (transcription factor IID) have been previously shown to facilitate the formation of the PIC (pre-initiation complex) at the promoters of two distinct sets of genes. Here, we demonstrate that TFIID and SAGA differentially participate in the stimulation of PIC formation (and hence transcriptional initiation) at the promoter of PHO84, a gene for the high-affinity inorganic phosphate (Pi) transporter for crucial cellular functions, in response to nutrient signaling. We show that transcriptional initiation of PHO84 occurs predominantly in a TFIID-dependent manner in the absence of Pi in the growth medium. Such TFIID dependency is mediated via the NuA4 (nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4) histone acetyltransferase (HAT). Intriguingly, transcriptional initiation of PHO84 also occurs in the presence of Pi in the growth medium, predominantly via the SAGA complex, but independently of NuA4 HAT. Thus, Pi in the growth medium switches transcriptional initiation of PHO84 from NuA4-TFIID to SAGA dependency. Further, we find that both NuA4-TFIID- and SAGA-dependent transcriptional initiations of PHO84 are facilitated by the 19S proteasome subcomplex or regulatory particle (RP) via enhanced recruitment of the coactivators SAGA and NuA4 HAT, which promote TFIID-independent and -dependent PIC formation for transcriptional initiation, respectively. NuA4 HAT does not regulate activator binding to PHO84, but rather facilitates PIC formation for transcriptional initiation in the absence of Pi in the growth medium. On the other hand, SAGA promotes activator recruitment to PHO84 for transcriptional initiation in the growth medium containing Pi. Collectively, our results demonstrate two distinct stimulatory pathways for PIC formation (and hence transcriptional initiation) at PHO84 by TFIID, SAGA, NuA4, and 19S RP in the presence and absence of an essential nutrient, Pi, in the growth media, thus providing new regulatory mechanisms of transcriptional initiation in response to nutrient signaling.
Local Fitness Landscapes Predict Yeast Evolutionary Dynamics in Directionally Changing Environments
Authors: Gorter Florien A , Aarts Mark G M , Zwaan Bas J , de Visser J Arjan G M
Published: November 2017

The fitness landscape is a concept that is widely used for understanding and predicting evolutionary adaptation. The topography of the fitness landscape depends critically on the environment, with potentially far-reaching consequences for evolution under changing conditions. However, few studies have assessed directly how empirical fitness landscapes change across conditions, or validated the predicted consequences of such change. We previously evolved replicate yeast populations in the presence of either gradually increasing, or constant high, concentrations of the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), and analyzed their phenotypic and genomic changes. Here, we reconstructed the local fitness landscapes underlying adaptation to each metal by deleting all repeatedly mutated genes both by themselves and in combination. Fitness assays revealed that the height, and/or shape, of each local fitness landscape changed considerably across metal concentrations, with distinct qualitative differences between unconditionally (Cd) and conditionally toxic metals (Ni and Zn). This change in topography had particularly crucial consequences in the case of Ni, where a substantial part of the individual mutational fitness effects changed in sign across concentrations. Based on the Ni landscape analyses, we made several predictions about which mutations had been selected when during the evolution experiment. Deep sequencing of population samples from different time points generally confirmed these predictions, demonstrating the power of landscape reconstruction analyses for understanding and ultimately predicting evolutionary dynamics, even under complex scenarios of environmental change.
Laboratory Screening for Children Entering Foster Care
Authors: Greiner Mary V. , Beal Sarah J. , Nause Katie , Staat Mary Allen , Dexheimer Judith W. , Scribano Philip V.
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the prevalence of medical illness detected by laboratory screening in children entering foster care in a single, urban county.

METHODS:

All children entering foster care in a single county in Ohio were seen at a consultation foster care clinic and had laboratory screening, including testing for infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and tuberculosis as well as for hemoglobin and lead levels.

RESULTS:

Over a 3-year period (2012–2015), laboratory screening was performed on 1977 subjects entering foster care in a consultative foster care clinic. The prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and tuberculosis were all found to be <1%. There were no cases of HIV. Seven percent of teenagers entering foster care tested positive for Chlamydia. A secondary finding was that 54% of subjects were hepatitis B surface antibody–negative, indicating an absence of detected immunity to the hepatitis B virus.

CONCLUSIONS:

Routine laboratory screening for children entering foster care resulted in a low yield. Targeted, rather than routine, laboratory screening may be a more clinically meaningful approach for children entering foster care.
Bone Age: A Handy Tool for Pediatric Providers
Authors: Creo Ana L. , Schwenk W. Frederick
Published: November 2017

Pediatricians have relied on methods for determining skeletal maturation for >75 years. Bone age continues to be a valuable tool in assessing children’s health. New technology for bone age determination includes computer-automated readings and assessments obtained from alternative imaging modalities. In addition, new nonclinical bone age applications are evolving, particularly pertaining to immigration and children’s rights to asylum. Given the significant implications when bone ages are used in high-stake decisions, it is necessary to recognize recently described limitations in predicting accurate age in various ethnicities and diseases. Current methods of assessing skeletal maturation are derived from primarily white populations. In modern studies, researchers have explored the accuracy of bone age across various ethnicities in the United States. Researchers suggest there is evidence that indicates the bone ages obtained from current methods are less generalizable to children of other ethnicities, particularly children with African and certain Asian backgrounds. Many of the contemporary methods of bone age determination may be calibrated to individual populations and hold promise to perform better in a wider range of ethnicities, but more data are needed.
Tolerance in Internet gaming disorder: A need for increasing gaming time or something else?
Authors: King Daniel L. , Herd Madeleine C. E. , Delfabbro Paul H.
Published: November 2017

Background and aims

The criterion of tolerance in DSM-5 Internet gaming disorder (IGD) refers to a need for increasing time spent gaming. However, this focus on “need for gaming time” may overlook some of the broader motivations, outcomes, or effects of gaming that underlie excessive play. This study aimed to explore regular and problematic gamers’ experiences and perceptions of tolerance in IGD.

Methods

An online survey of 630 adult gamers yielded 1,417 text responses to open-ended questions. A thematic analysis of 23,373 words was conducted to extract dominant themes.

Results

Participants reported that they increasingly desired game items, status, or story progress as they became more involved or invested in games. As players develop higher standards of play in games, an increasing number of potential reward outcomes may have diminishing mood-modifying effects. None of the participants, including those with self-reported IGD, explicitly referred to a need for increasing time spent gaming.

Discussion and conclusions

These results suggest that players may be motivated by preferences for specific goals or reinforcers in games rather than wanting an amount of time spent gaming. Thus, problematic gaming may involve a need for completion of increasingly intricate, time-consuming, or difficult goals to achieve satisfaction and/or reduce fears of missing out. Further research is needed to determine whether these cognitive and motivational factors related to gaming stimuli should extend or replace the concept of tolerance in IGD or be considered as separate but related processes in disordered gaming.
Análise das emendas parlamentares ao Programa Mais Médicos: o modelo de formação médica em disputa
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Proenço de , Costa Ana Maria , Cardoso Antonio José Costa , Trindade Josélia de Souza , Dias Iêda Maria Ávila Vargas
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Pesquisa documental qualiquantitativa que analisa o processo legislativo e atos normativos do Programa Mais Médicos. O estudo categoriza 575 emendas apresentadas e as alterações na Medida Provisória. Evidencia o conjunto dos interesses e disputas envolvidos no processo, seja aperfeiçoando ou desvirtuando. Ressalta os confrontos nas emendas que atendem a interesses corporativos e aquelas aliadas ao princípio constitucional da universalidade, resultando em mudanças principalmente no Capítulo da Formação Médica. Conclui que a polêmica e o acirramento entre posições ideológicas não comprometeram a iniciativa governamental de diminuir a carência de médicos e fixá-los em áreas prioritárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Morphological pattern of colonization by mycorrhizal fungi and the microbial activity observed in Barbados cherry crops
Authors: Silva Júnior José Maria Tupinambá da , Mendes Filho Paulo Furtado , Gomes Vânia Felipe Freire , Almeida Aldênia Mendes Mascena de , Garcia Kaio Gráculo Vieira
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Our objective was to evaluate the morphological pattern of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as well as to study the microbiological activity of the soil on family farms where Barbados cherry was cultivated. Soil and root samples were selected from four areas in the municipality of Maranguape-CE where Barbados cherry was grown, which were named according to the age of plants in the following manner: A1-3, A2-3, and A3-3 (3 years), and A4-2 (2 years). After sampling, the arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, morphological colonization pattern, basal soil respiration (SBR), and density of mycorrhizal spores (DS) were analyzed. The Paris-type morphological pattern was predominant in the root system of Barbados cherry; the affinity of this pattern in the culture was clear. Time of installation and management of Barbados cherry orchards in family farming areas promoted reduction in SBR. P levels in the soil may have negatively influenced root colonization and density of mycorrhizal spores.
Winter cover crops affecting physical and chemical soil attributes in a commercial vineyard
Authors: Veiga Milton da , Feldberg Nelson Pires , Nava Gilberto , Bettoni Jean Carlos
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Cover crops may have direct or indirect effects on the physical and chemicalsoil attributes; these cropsplay a key role in the cycling of nutrients in the soil and add labile organic carbon, bringing economic and environmental benefits to the system. To study the effect of cover crops on the physical and chemical properties of an Oxisol, a three-year experiment was conducted in a commercial vineyard located at Epagri’s Experimental Station in Videira, SC, Brazil. Different winter species (white clover, red clover, common vetch, turnip, corn spurrey, black oat, rye, and ryegrass) were sown in addition to treatments with manual weeding or mechanical mowing. Certain chemical and physical attributes of soil were determined in samples collected fromlayers 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2m deep on the vinerows and between rows, as well as the dry mass of winter cover crops. Few chemical and physical attributes of the soil changed among winter cover crops and did not differ from the crops managed with mechanical mowing or hand weeding of spontaneous vegetation. Vine rows provided more adequate values of most physical and chemical soil attributes.
Simulation of soil water balance and partitioning of evapotranspiration of maize grown in two growing seasons in Southern Brazil
Authors: Ávila Viviane Schons de , Petry Mirta Teresinha , Carlesso Reimar , Martins Juliano Dalcin , González María Gabriela , Oliveira Zanandra Boff de , Nunes José Nilton Vieira , Menegaz Sônia Thais
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to simulate the variation of the available soil water during maize crop growth, in two different sowing times (first and second growing season), using a drip irrigation system. The treatments consisted of different irrigation strategies (full to deficit). The SIMDualKc simulation model was used to determine the daily soil water balance and crop evapotranspiration using the dual crop coefficient approach. Soil, climate, crop and irrigation parameters were used as input data. Two experiments were carried out in a rainout shelter composed of two metallic structures (16x10m) in the city of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during 2010/11 (second crop, season 1) and 2011/12 (first crop, season 2) growing seasons, under no-tillage system. The simulations showed that all the irrigation management strategies used in season 2 resulted in soil water deficit, while only two strategies showed deficit in season 1. Results showed good agreement between observed and simulated soil water data, with an R2 ranging from 0.86 to 0.99 and the root mean square error ranging from 2.7 to 5.6% of the total available water for seasons 1 and 2, respectively. The observed results of water balance showed that maize grown in season 2 presented higher water consumption compared to season 1, due to the higher atmospheric demand of season 2. The SIMDualKc model allowed the partitioning of crop evapotranspiration into soil evaporation and crop transpiration, demonstrating that the vegetative growth subperiod presented the greatest differences between the two seasons compared to the others growth phases.
Transcriptome analysis for the restrained stem development of the wheat mutant dms
Authors: He Ruishi , Zhu Xinxin , Li Qiaoyun , Jiang Yumei , Yu Dongyan , Sun Yulong , Liang Xiaolong , Ni Yongjing , Niu Jishan
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stem development significantly affects grain yield. The dwarf plants (D) of wheat mutant dms was less than 30cm. Here, we were to explore the molecular basis for the restrained stem development of the dwarf plants. The results were reached by compare the young spikes and stems transcriptomes of the tall (T) and D plants of mutant dms. We identified 663 genes highly expressed in stem tips. We identified 997 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stem tips between T and D, 403 DEGs were significantly related with stem development. Most biological processes in stem tips on dwarf plants were significantly suppressed, such as phytohormone signaling etc. The sequencing analysis results were confirmed by quantitatively analysis the expression profiles of fourteen key DEGs via real-time QRT-PCR. We identified a group genes related to wheat stem development, identified a group DEGs related to the restrained stem development of D plants of dms. The suppressed phytohormone signaling, carbohydrate transport and metabolism were the major causal factors leading to dwarf plants of D. Our dataset provides a useful resource for investigating wheat stem development.
A SOCIOLOGIA DAS AUSÊNCIAS COMO REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO PARA A PESQUISA EM ENFERMAGEM PSIQUIÁTRICA E EM SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Bernardes Edilene Mendonça , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar possíveis contribuições do referencial teórico da Sociologia das Ausências, especificamente, da Ecologia de Saberes, para a construção de conhecimentos na área de enfermagem psiquiátrica e em saúde mental. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com análise de conteúdo, especificamente, a análise temática. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com pessoas com transtornos mentais ou em sofrimento mental e/ou com seus familiares, usuárias do serviço da Defensoria Pública do Estado de São Paulo em regionais do Interior e da Região Metropolitana. No total, foram sete entrevistas realizadas tendo a participação de nove usuários do serviço. Resultados: a análise de dados foi organizada em três blocos temáticos: 1) condições de existência das pessoas que recorrem à Defensoria Pública do Estado de São Paulo com demanda de saúde mental; 2) Trajetória de busca por acesso aos direitos; e 3) A busca por acesso à Justiça na Defensoria Pública do Estado de São Paulo. Identifica-se, no relato dos trabalhos desenvolvidos descritos pela demanda de saúde mental, que a instituição procura desenvolver uma escuta qualificada, possibilitando reconhecer as diferentes formas de existências e de necessidades de uma parcela da população tradicionalmente invisibilizada socialmente; o usuário do serviço com demanda de saúde mental e sujeito de direito. Conclusão: os resultados possibilitam identificar que o referencial teórico proposto pela Sociologia das Ausências pode ser considerado como alternativa promissora para ampliar as discussões teórico-metodológicas àqueles que buscam maior compreensão de existência, cuidados e direitos das pessoas com transtornos mentais ou com sofrimento psíquico.
A TEORIA ATOR-REDE COMO REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICO EM PESQUISAS EM SAÚDE E ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra , Esteves Cristiano José da Silva , Pires Mariana Calisto de Assis , Vasconcelos Daniela Dias , Freitas Mónica de Melo , Macedo Antonio Sávio de
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: refletir sobre a Teoria Ator-Rede como referencial teórico-metodológico na pesquisa em saúde e enfermagem. Método: estudo do tipo reflexivo, que utilizou-os princípios e conceitos da Teoria Ator-Rede como referencial teórico-metodológico. Resultados: a referida Teoria pode ser operacionalizada a partir da cartografia de controvérsias como seu método, sendo este definido pelos movimentos: 1) buscar uma porta de entrada na rede; 2) identificar os porta-vozes; 3) acessar os dispositivos de inscrição; 4) mapear as associações entre os actantes. Constitui-se como um conjunto de técnicas para explorar e visualizar polêmicas e controvérsias, observando e cartografando o debate social, especialmente, mas não exclusivamente, em torno dos problemas técnico-científicos. Assim, no escopo da saúde e enfermagem, mais precisamente no ambiente de práticas complexas, onde os enfermeiros e as tecnologias da saúde operam, a Teoria Ator-Rede tem emergido como um referencial teórico-metodológico de relevante notoriedade. Sua aplicação pode contribuir para o entendimento das inovações e suas influências para a coletividade a partir de associações estabelecidas entre os atores, seguindo seus passos, sem fracionar suas vidas, sem fazer recortes isolados, seguindo o que acontece em rede e o que está interligado, interferindo e sofrendo interferências. Conclusão: por acreditar que o conhecimento é um produto social ou efeito de uma rede de atores humanos e não-humanos, e não algo produzido por meio da operação de um método científico privilegiado, a Teoria Ator-Rede apresenta-se como um referencial teórico-metodológico promissor para os ambientes controversos das áreas da saúde e enfermagem.
EXPRESSÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA INTRAFAMILIAR: HISTÓRIA ORAL DE ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Magalhães Júlia Renata Fernandes de , Gomes Nadirlene Pereira , Campos Luana Moura , Camargo Climene Laura de , Estrela Fernanda Matheus , Couto Telmara Menezes
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: desvelar as expressões da violência intrafamiliar vivenciadas por adolescentes. Método: estudo com abordagem qualitativa que utilizou como referencial metodológico a história oral. Foram entrevistadas(os) oito adolescentes matriculadas(os) em uma escola pública de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, no período de março a maio de 2015. Os dados foram sistematizados conforme a análise temática e respaldados em referenciais teóricos sobre violência doméstica e adolescência. Resultados: as(os) adolescentes relatam uma infância e adolescência marcadas pela ausência de atenção às necessidades físicas e emocionais, fundamentais para o crescimento e desenvolvimento, e pela vivência cotidiana de humilhações, depreciações, difamações, calúnias, injúrias, além de agressões por meio de tapas e socos. Tais achados foram organizados nas seguintes categorias: Negligência e abandono; Violência moral e psicológica; e Violência física. Conclusão: considerando que a história oral das(os) adolescentes desvela um contexto familiar permeado pelas mais variadas formas de expressão da violência, o estudo ratifica a realidade de abuso a que nossas crianças e adolescentes encontram-se expostas dentro de seus lares, entendidos enquanto cenários de proteção e segurança. Alerta-nos, ainda, para a naturalização da violência intrafamiliar, socialmente arraigada na crença da educação dos filhos a partir de medidas punitivas e coercivas, mais comumente por meio de castigos e agressões físicas. Urge estratégias que viabilizem a desconstrução dessa cultura de maus tratos a crianças e adolescentes.
AVALIAÇÃO DA ESTRUTURA FÍSICA E DE RECURSOS HUMANOS DE UM SERVIÇO DE EMERGÊNCIA PSIQUIÁTRICA
Authors: Buriola Aline Aparecida , Pinho Leandro Barbosa , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Matsuda Laura Misue
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a percepção de profissionais, usuários e familiares sobre a estrutura do serviço de emergência psiquiátrica de um hospital geral. Método: estudo realizado por meio da Avaliação de Quarta Geração, com 30 respondentes (15 profissionais, nove usuários e seis familiares). A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de análise documental, entrevista semiestruturada, observação não participante e observação participante. Resultados: a análise e a discussão dos dados foram operacionalizadas por meio do Método Comparativo Constante, articulados com a Política Nacional de Humanização Política Nacional de Saúde Mental. Constatou-se a necessidade de adequação na estrutura física para o atendimento de emergência psiquiátrica de crianças; necessidade de mais recursos humanos; melhor utilização de protocolos; e redução de internações de crianças por longos períodos. Conclusão: a relação entre a assistência infantil em local inadequado e o insuficiente número de funcionários atua como fator que dificulta a prática assistencial preconizada pela Política Nacional de Saúde Mental.
BASES TEÓRICAS DE PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO NA ENFERMAGEM IBERO-AMERICANA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Ceolin Silvana , González José Siles , Ruiz Maria del Carmen Solano , Heck Rita Maria
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar as bases teóricas que fundamentam os conceitos de pensamento crítico na enfermagem ibero-americana nos últimos dez anos. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CUIDEN e SciELO, entre 2006 e 2015, com as palavras-chave enfermagem e pensamento crítico. Resultados: foram incluídos 32 estudos, que revelaram a presença de nove pensadores como bases teóricas do conceito de pensamento crítico. Constatou-se que não há uniformidade para a definição do conceito; contudo, diferenciam-se duas concepções de pensamento crítico entre os autores, que foram organizadas em dois grupos. O grupo A, composto por Alfaro-Lefevre, Peter Facione, Scheffer e Rubenfeld, Richard Paul; autores que compreendem que o pensamento crítico envolve habilidades para raciocínio clínico e diagnóstico, essencial à tomada de decisões, e o grupo B, constituído por John Dewey, Donald Schön, Paulo Freire e Jürgen Habermas, que entendem o pensamento crítico como um processo ativo e reflexivo, voltado ao desenvolvimento da consciência crítica. Esses pensadores foram base para a proposta de instrumentos de avaliação do pensamento, estratégias de ensino e um referencial teórico-metodológico para a enfermagem. Conclusão: a perspectiva dinâmica do grupo B fortalece o caráter dialético da construção do conhecimento, a partir do qual a enfermagem tem potencial de construir-se como uma ciência social e prática, comprometida com a transformação de realidades.
Normalized difference vegetation index obtained by ground-based remote sensing to characterize vine cycle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Junges Amanda Heemann , Fontana Denise Cybis , Anzanello¹ Rafael , Bremm Carolina
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained by remote sensing is widely used to monitor annual crops but few studies have investigated its use in perennial fruit crops. The aim of this study was to determine the temporal NDVI profile during grapevine cycle in vineyards established in horizontal training systems. NDVI data were obtained by the ground-based remote sensing Greenseeker in Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards located in the Serra Gaúcha region, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from September to June in the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 vegetative seasons. The grapevine canopies were managed in horizontal training systems (T-trellis and Y-trellis). The results indicated that the temporal NDVI values varied during the grapevine cycle (0.33 to 0.85), reflecting the changing in vigor and biomass accumulation that resulted from the phenological stages and management practices. The temporal NDVI profiles were similar to both horizontal training systems. The NDVI values were higher throughout the cycle for Cabernet Sauvignon compared to Chardonnay indicating Cabernet Sauvignon as the cultivar with greater vegetative vigor. The NDVI obtained by ground-based remote sensing is a fast and non-destructive tool to monitor and characterize the canopy in real time, compiling into a single data several parameters related to vine development, like meteorological conditions and management practices that are difficult to be quantified together.
Aneurismas da artéria e da veia braquial induzidos por uso contínuo de muleta: relato de caso
Authors: Costa Débora Louise Lopes da , Felipe Junior Geraldo , Borges Marcos Aurélio Perciano
Published: November 2017

Resumo O aneurisma arterial induzido por uso de muleta é um evento raro, e a associação com aneurismas venosos não está descrita na literatura. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente que, após o uso prolongado dessa órtese, apresentou quadro de isquemia aguda de membro superior secundária à trombose de um aneurisma da artéria braquial, associado ao achado incidental de aneurismas da veia braquial. Embora a principal causa de oclusão arterial aguda de membro superior seja a embolização de fonte cardíaca, deve-se considerar a possibilidade de embolização arterioarterial por aneurismas provocados pelo uso prolongado de muletas. Os aneurismas venosos também devem ser suspeitados, uma vez que podem ser sede de trombos e fonte de êmbolos pulmonares.