bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temporal validation of a multivariable surgical mortality prediction model (NZRisk): a New Zealand national cohort study
Authors: Boyle Luke , Seretny Marta , Lumley Thomas , Campbell Doug
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Clinical risk calculators (CRCs), such as NZRisk, are used daily by clinicians to guide clinical decisions and explain individual risk to patients. The utility and robustness of these tools depends on the methods used to create the underlying mathematical model, as well as the stability of that model in relation to changing clinical practice and patient populations over time. The later should be checked by temporal validation using external data. Few if any of the clinical prediction models in current clinical use have published temporal validation. Here, we use a large external dataset to temporally validate NZRisk; a perioperative risk prediction model used in the New Zealand population.

Methods

A sample of 1 976 362 adult non-cardiac surgical procedures collected over 15 years from the New Zealand Ministry of Health National Minimum Dataset, was used to temporally validate NZRisk. We divided the dataset into 15 single year cohorts and compared 13 of these to our NZRisk model (2 years used for the model building were excluded). We compared the area under the curve (AUC) value, calibration slope and intercept for each single year cohort, to the same values produced by the data used to create NZRisk, by fitting a random effects meta-regression with each year cohort acting as a separate study point. In addition, we used two-sided t-tests to compare each measure across the cohorts.

Results

The AUC values for the 30-day NZRisk model applied to our single year cohorts ranged from 0.918 to 0.940 (NZRisk AUC was 0.921). There were eight statistically different AUC values for the following years 2007–2009, 2016 and 2018–2021. The intercept values ranged from −0.004 to 0.007 and 7 years had statistically significant different intercepts during leave-one-out t-tests; 2007–2010, 2012, 2018 and 2021. The slope values ranged from 0.72 to 1.12 and 7 years had statistically significant different slopes during leave-one-out t-tests; 2010, 2011, 2017, 2018 and 2019–2021. The random effects meta-regression upheld our results related to AUC (0.54 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.99), I267.57 (95% CI 40.67 to 88.50), Cochran’s Q<0.001) and slope (τ 0.14 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.23), I298.61 (95% CI 97.31 to 99.50), Cochran’s Q<0.001) between year difference.

Conclusion

The NZRisk model shows differences in AUC and slope but not intercept values over time. The biggest differences were in the calibration slope. The models maintained excellent discrimination over time as shown by the AUC values. These findings suggest we update our model in the next 5 years. To our knowledge, this is the first temporal validation of a CRC in current use.
Machine learning models, trusted research environments and UK health data: ensuring a safe and beneficial future for AI development in healthcare
Authors: Kerasidou Charalampia (Xaroula) , Malone Maeve , Daly Angela , Tava Francesco
Published: March 2023

Digitalisation of health and the use of health data in artificial intelligence, and machine learning (ML), including for applications that will then in turn be used in healthcare are major themes permeating current UK and other countries’ healthcare systems and policies. Obtaining rich and representative data is key for robust ML development, and UK health data sets are particularly attractive sources for this. However, ensuring that such research and development is in the public interest, produces public benefit and preserves privacy are key challenges. Trusted research environments (TREs) are positioned as a way of balancing the diverging interests in healthcare data research with privacy and public benefit. Using TRE data to train ML models presents various challenges to the balance previously struck between these societal interests, which have hitherto not been discussed in the literature. These challenges include the possibility of personal data being disclosed in ML models, the dynamic nature of ML models and how public benefit may be (re)conceived in this context. For ML research to be facilitated using UK health data, TREs and others involved in the UK health data policy ecosystem need to be aware of these issues and work to address them in order to continue to ensure a ‘safe’ health and care data environment that truly serves the public.
Ethics of college vaccine mandates, using reasonable comparisons
Authors: Lam Leo L , Nichols Taylor
Published: March 2023

In the paper ‘COVID-19 vaccine boosters for young adults: a risk–benefit assessment and ethical analysis of mandate policies at universities,’ Bardoshet alargued that college mandates of the COVID-19 booster vaccine are unethical. The authors came to this conclusion by performing three different sets of comparisons of benefits versus risks using referenced data and argued that the harm outweighs the risk in all three cases. In this response article, we argue that the authors frame their arguments by comparing values that are not scientifically or reasonably comparable and that the authors used values that represent grossly different risk profiles and grouped them into a set of figures to create an illusion of fair comparisons. We argue that absent the falsely skewed portrayals of a higher level of risk over benefit in their misrepresented figures, the five ethical arguments they presented completely fall apart.
A unified constitutive model for instantaneous elastic–plastic and time-dependent creep behaviour of gravelly soils under complex loading
Authors: Jingmao Liu , Degao Zou , Fanwei Ning , Xianjing Kong
Published: March 2023

The behaviours of gravelly soils under monotonic, cyclic and creep loading are generally simulated in separated processes with different models, which cannot describe the interactions between the instantaneous elastic–plastic and time-dependent creep behaviours under complex loading. To address the problem, an elastic–plastic–creep model framework for gravelly soils is described to present its basic components and the differences from the elastic–plastic model framework. Within this framework, a unified constitutive model for instantaneous elastic–plastic and time-dependent creep behaviour is proposed based on the widely used generalized plasticity model. In modelling the elastic–plastic behaviour, the plastic modulus in the original model is modified to capture the creep hardening by a unified hardening state parameter for monotonic, cyclic and creep loading. In modelling the creep behaviour, the creep strain rate independent of the time variable is presented to reflect the creep behaviours under the unloading–reloading path and its difference from that of virgin loading. The proposed model can be easily implemented into the computing program as the original model with only minor adjustments. The ability to simulate the time-dependent behaviour under multistage loading/reloading-creep, different strain rates, step changes in strain rate, and stress relaxation are proven with the experiments.
Anticancer activity of sinapic acid by inducing apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cell line
Authors: Taştemur Şeyma , Hacısüleyman Levent , Karataş Özhan , Yulak Fatih , Ataseven Hilmi
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer is the third most lethal and fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Sinapic acid, a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid, is a promising phytochemical exhibiting numerous pharmacological activities in various systems. It is a substantial chain-breaking antioxidant that operates as a radical scavenger. The aim of this research was to investigate the antiproliferative effect of sinapic acid on the HT-29 cell line besides the mechanisms underlying this activity. The effect of sinapic acid on the viability of HT-29 cell line was investigated using XTT assay. The levels of BCL-2, cleaved caspase 3, BAX, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG were measured using ELISA. Gamma-H2AX and cytochrome c expressions were assessed semiquantitatively using immunofluorescence staining. Sinapic acid at 200 µm and higher doses produced a significant antiproliferative effect on HT-29 cells. The IC50 value was found to be 317.5 µm for 24 h. Sinapic acid (317.5 µm) significantly elevated cleaved caspase 3, BAX, cleaved PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. The levels of gamma-H2AX foci are significantly higher, while the levels of cytochrome c are lower in sinapic acid-treated HT-29 cells. These results indicate that sinapic acid has antiproliferative, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects on colon cancer cells.
Embedding Hierarchical Cubic Networks into k-Rooted Complete Binary Trees for Minimum Wirelength
Authors: Guo Ruyan , Wang Yan , Fan Jianxi , Fan Weibei
Published: March 2023

In recent years, the growth of data has promoted the development of parallel and distributed systems. Graph embedding is of great importance in improving parallel and distributed system performance. The quality of an embedding can be measured by many important metrics, and wirelength is one of the critical metrics related to communication performance and layout costs of physical systems. The hierarchical cubic network is a well-performing interconnection network and the [Formula: see text]-rooted complete binary tree is a data structure with a hierarchical relationship among its various elements in algorithms and programming. In this paper, we solve the problem of the embedding of hierarchical cubic networks into [Formula: see text]-rooted complete binary trees with minimum wirelength. We first study the optimal set of the hierarchical cubic network, and propose algorithms to give embedding [Formula: see text] which is an embedding scheme of hierarchical cubic networks into [Formula: see text]-rooted complete binary trees with minimum wirelength. Moreover, we give the exact minimum wirelength of this embedding. Finally, we conduct comparative experiments to evaluate the performance of embedding [Formula: see text].
NEW SPECIAL FUNCTIONS APPLIED TO REPRESENT THE WEIERSTRASS–MANDELBROT FUNCTION
Authors: YANG XIAO-JUN , GENG LU-LU , FAN YU-RONG
Published: March 2023

This work is devoted to the subtrigonometric and subhyperbolic functions in terms of theWiman class for the first time. The conjectures for the subsine and subcosine functions are considered in detail. The Weierstrass–Mandelbrot function is represented as the hyperbolic subsine, and hyperbolic subcosine functions to get new results for the nondifferentiable functions.
ANOMALOUS DIFFUSION MODELS AND MANDELBROT SCALING-LAW SOLUTIONS
Authors: YANG XIAO-JUN , ALSOLAMI ABDULRAHMAN ALI , YU XIAO-JIN
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the anomalous diffusion models are studied in the framework of the scaling-law calculus with the Mandelbrot scaling law. A analytical technology analogous to the Fourier transform is proposed to deal with the one-dimensional scaling-law diffusion equation. The scaling-law series formula via Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts function is efficient and accurate for finding exact solutions for the scaling-law PDEs arising in the Mandelbrot scaling-law phenomena.
RESEARCH ON CHAOTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND SHORT-TERM PREDICTION OF EN-ROUTE TRAFFIC FLOW USING ADS-B DATA
Authors: ZHANG ZHAOYUE , CUI ZHE , WANG ZHISEN , MENG LINGKAI
Published: March 2023

The short-term traffic flow prediction can help to reduce flight delays and optimize resource allocation. Using chaos dynamics theory to analyze the chaotic characteristics of en-route traffic flow is the basis of short-term en-route traffic flow prediction and ensuring the orderly and smooth state of the en-route. This paper takes the time series of en-route traffic flow extracted from Automatic-Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) measured data as the research object, uses the improved C–C method to reconstruct the phase space, and uses the improved small data volume method to calculate the Lyapunov index to identify the chaos phenomenon of en-route traffic flow. In order to avoid the interference of chaos phenomenon on traffic prediction, the Wavelet Neural Network (WNN) model is established to predict the traffic flow at en-route points. The experimental shows that when the number of iterations is 10,000, the average accuracy of WNN prediction is 0.87173, and the average running time is 6.9335334[Formula: see text]s. According to the experimental results, it can be seen that the smaller number of iterations has more advantages in running time, which greatly reduces the overall running time. At the same time, it indicates that appropriately increasing or reducing the number of iterations in this experiment has little effect on the results.
EFFECT OF MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES IN REINFORCED HYDROXYAPATITE COMPOSITE COATINGS FOR ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: SOLANKE SACHIN , SHINDE SACHIN , RAUT DADARAO , OZA ANKIT D. , PRAKASH CHANDER , SAXENA KULDEEP K. , KUMAR SANDEEP
Published: March 2023

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated metallic substrates are commonly used for load-bearing orthopedic implants. In this work, Titanium grade 2 and Titanium grade 5 substrates were coated with hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite reinforced with 5% (by wt.) multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNT) separately using plasma spray coating. The wear behavior of these coated substrates was studied with the simulated body fluid (SBF) having a pH between 7.20 and 7.40. Fracture toughness and wear resistance of HA reinforced with 5% (by wt.) MCNT composite coating was found to be higher as compared to pure HA coating. This improvement is by virtue of inherent mechanical properties and the crack bridging effect offered by MCNT. The addition of MCNT also helped in restricting crack propagation in the coatings. As evident from SEM images, abrasive and adhesive wear mechanisms were observed which reduce greatly with the reinforcement of MCNT.
Solvability and supersolvability criteria related to character codegrees
Authors: Madanha Sesuai Y.
Published: March 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a finite group and Irr([Formula: see text]) be the set of irreducible characters of [Formula: see text]. The number cod([Formula: see text]) = [Formula: see text]ker [Formula: see text] is called the character codegree of [Formula: see text] Irr([Formula: see text]). In this paper, we show that if [Formula: see text] has at most two composite character codegrees, then [Formula: see text] is solvable. We also obtain sufficient numerical conditions on the character codegrees and character degrees for the solvability and supersolvability of a group.
On ϕ-(weak) global dimension
Authors: El Haddaoui Younes , Mahdou Najib
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we will introduce and study the homological dimensions defined in the context of commutative rings with prime nilradical. So all rings considered in this paper are commutative with identity and with prime nilradical. We will introduce a new class of modules which are called [Formula: see text]-u-projective which generalizes the projectivity in the classical case and which is different from those introduced by the authors of [Y. Pu, M. Wang and W. Zhao, On nonnil-commutative diagrams and nonnil-projective modules, Commun. Algebra, doi:10.1080/00927872.2021.2021223; W. Zhao, On [Formula: see text]-exact sequence and [Formula: see text]-projective module, J. Korean Math. 58(6) (2021) 1513–1528]. Using the notion of [Formula: see text]-flatness introduced and studied by the authors of [G. H. Tang, F. G. Wang and W. Zhao, On [Formula: see text]-Von Neumann regular rings, J. Korean Math. Soc. 50(1) (2013) 219–229] and the nonnil-injectivity studied by the authors of [W. Qi and X. L. Zhang, Some Remarks on [Formula: see text]-Dedekind rings and [Formula: see text]-Prüfer rings, preprint (2022), arXiv:2103.08278v2 [math.AC]; X. Y. Yang, Generalized Noetherian Property of Rings and Modules (Northwest Normal University Library, Lanzhou, 2006); X. L. Zhang, Strongly [Formula: see text]-flat modules, strongly nonnil-injective modules and their homological dimensions, preprint (2022), https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.14681; X. L. Zhang and W. Zhao, On Nonnil-injective modules, J. Sichuan Normal Univ. 42(6) (2009) 808–815; W. Zhao, Homological theory over NP-rings and its applications (Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 2013)], we will introduce the [Formula: see text]-injective dimension, [Formula: see text]-projective dimension and [Formula: see text]-flat dimension for modules, and also the [Formula: see text]-(weak) global dimension of rings. Then, using these dimensions, we characterize several [Formula: see text]-rings ([Formula: see text]-Prüfer, [Formula: see text]-chained, [Formula: see text]-von Neumann, etc). Finally, we study the [Formula: see text]-(weak) global dimension of the trivial ring extensions defined by some conditions.
Person Re-Identification Based on Feature Fusion in AI System
Authors: Chan Sixian , Liu Yating , Pan Xiaotian , Lei Yanjing
Published: March 2023

In recent years, jointly utilizing local and global features to improve model performance is becoming an important approach for person re-identification. If the relationship between body parts is not considered, it is easy to confuse the identity differentiation of different persons with similar attributes in the corresponding parts. To solve this problem, we propose a feature fusion-based method for person re-identification, which contains three core parts: an adjacency module, a counterfactual attention module and a global difference pooling module. First, an adjacency module is designed to consider the relationship between adjacent body parts and make the features more discriminative. Next, a counterfactual attention module is proposed to conduct counterfactual intervention analysis and encourage the network to learn more useful attention to obtain more fine-grained features. Then, a global difference pooling module is used to learn the global features of a person’s image itself and pay more attention to the important features of the human body. Through the fusion of local features and global features, our model can effectively distinguish the identities of different people with similar attributes in the corresponding parts. Finally, we conduct a large number of experiments and achieve outstanding results on Market-1501, CUHK03 and Msmt17.
Born–Infeld-f(R) gravity with de Sitter solutions
Authors: Kibaroğlu Salih
Published: March 2023

In this study, we consider Born–Infeld-[Formula: see text] gravity in which the [Formula: see text] term enters directly into the square root in the Palatini formulation. We briefly analyzed this model for an explicit [Formula: see text] function which includes positive and negative powers of the curvature scalar. We also show that both the ordinary Born–Infeld-[Formula: see text] and this modification reduce to the same gravitational action form under the conformal approach. Then, we consider the existence of a maximally symmetric vacuum solution for the gravitational field equations and find the de Sitter solution for this modified model.
Age, depositional history and tectonics of the Indo-Myanmar Ranges, Myanmar
Authors: Naing Tin Tin , Robinson Stuart A. , Searle Mike P. , Morley Chris K. , Millar Ian , Green Owen R. , Bown Paul R. , Danelian Taniel , Petrizzo Maria Rose , Henderson Gideon M.
Published: March 2023

The Indo-Myanmar Ranges make up an enigmatic mountain belt occupying a complex tectonic zone in western Myanmar, extending from the northern continuation of the active Sunda–Andaman arc into the eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. The Indo-Myanmar Ranges are part of an accretionary forearc basin–arc complex that includes the Central Myanmar Basin and the Wuntho–Popa Arc to the east. New biostratigraphic, petrological and detrital zircon U–Pb age data are presented and used to test and refine the divergent tectonic models that have been proposed for western Myanmar. These data suggest that: (1) the Upper Triassic Pane Chaung Formation was originally deposited adjacent to the NE Indian continental margin within northern Gondwana during the Late Triassic; and (2) the Upper Cretaceous–Paleogene rocks of the Indo-Myanmar Ranges were mainly derived from the Wuntho–Popa Arc and Inner Belt, with a subordinate input from a crustal source, potentially from the Naga metamorphic-type Paleozoic basement. The Kalemyo Ophiolite has an Early Cretaceous age similar to the ages of ophiolites in the Indus–Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone, south Tibet and Nagaland, reinforcing the hypothesis that they were once part of the same Neotethyan ocean floor.

Supplementary material:
Sample locality details, detailed methodologies and geochemical data are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6487105
The 2023 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) earthquake (M
w
7.7): implications for surface rupture dynamics along the East Anatolian Fault Zone
Authors: Karabacak Volkan , Özkaymak Çağlar , Sözbilir Hasan , Tatar Orhan , Aktuğ Bahadır , Özdağ Özkan Cevdet , Çakir Recep , Aksoy Ercan , Koçbulut Fikret , Softa Mustafa , Akgün Elif , Demir Ahmet , Arslan Gökhan
Published: March 2023

Southern Türkiye faced widespread catastrophic destruction by two devastating earthquakes on the same day. As the earthquakes occurred at 04:17 (M
w
 = 7.7, Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş) and 12:30 (M
w
 = 7.6, Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş) on 6 February 2023, neighbouring active fault systems were broken in succession between the Hatay and Malatya provinces in the region. The first earthquake, one of the largest earthquakes in this region during the last century, caused major fatalities and widespread damage to infrastructure and buildings, and produced large-scale seismo-gravitational surface deformation such as landslides, lateral spreading, liquefaction and extensional cracks. Here, we present the surface rupture geometry and coseismic displacement characteristics of the fault systems, determined by field observations immediately after the 6 February 2023 Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye) earthquake (M
w
 = 7.7). Preliminary results show that the total rupture length (
L
max
) is 270 ± 10 km on the Karasu, Pazarcık and Erkenek segments of the East Anatolian Fault Zone. Left-lateral strike-slip faulting developed with a maximum horizontal displacement (
D
max
) of 7.30 m and an average displacement (
D
avg
) of 3.00 m. Although the surface rupture generally exhibits a narrow deformation zone width of 2–5 m, this expands to 50 m in some sections of the faults. The implications for rupture dynamics suggest that fracture development started on a secondary fault (Narlı Fault), transferred to the main fault and triggered the breaking of asperities on the Pazarcık segment, which exhibits a long period of accumulation of stress, to initiate the major rupturing.

Supplementary material:
Figures S1–S12 with details on coseismic displacement are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6487245
Evolution of the neoarchean Kola alkaline granites, northeastern Fennoscandian Shield: insights from SHRIMP-II titanite and zircon U–Pb isotope and rare earth elements data
Authors: Arzamastsev Andrei A. , Belyatsky Boris V. , Rodionov Nickolay V. , Antonov Anton V. , Lepekhina Elena N. , Sergeev Sergei A.
Published: March 2023

An U–Pb isotopic investigation combined with rare earth element data for titanites, zircons and coexisting accessories has been undertaken to gain insight into the formation of the Archean peralkaline granites of the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield and to test the stability of titanite during metamorphic and hydrothermal processes. The obtained set of isotope data shows that whereas more stable zircon retains a memory of the major episodes of granite evolution, the coexisting titanite provides additional information on crystallization, subsequent growth, cooling and alteration of the plutonic complexes. In addition to titanites formed at the magmatic stages of
c.
2710 and
c.
2650 Ma, the peralkaline granites contain titanite populations which have undergone major resetting at
c.
1870 Ma during the burial metamorphism related to the Svecofennian orogeny and the 1760 Ma hydrothermal alteration near contemporaneous with regional metamorphism of
c.
1780 Ma. The peralkaline granites which contain
c.
2710 Ma titanites also include inherited titanite grains of an age of 2795 Ma. These data support the concept that the titanite can remain a closed system to Pb diffusion at temperatures of peralkaline granite melt (<800°C) as long as the crystals escape magmatic or metamorphic recrystallization.
Growth and evolution of the lava dome and coulée during the 2020–21 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent
Authors: Stinton Adam J.
Published: March 2023

The 2020–21 eruption of La Soufrière, St Vincent consisted of two distinct phases. The initial, effusive phase was characterized by the extrusion of a small lava dome inside the 1.5 km wide Summit Crater, and was followed by a violent explosive phase. Growth and evolution of the lava dome was monitored by visual observations and photogrammetry using imagery acquired from fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and consumer-grade unmanned aerial vehicles. Additional monitoring was provided by satellite multispectral and radar imagery. Following the emergence of lava at the surface on 27 December 2020, volume and growth rate calculations showed the extrusion occurred at a steady rate of
c
. 1.8 m
3
s
−1
and
c
. 16–19 × 10
6
m
3
of lava was extruded. The initial near-perfect hemispherical dome transitioned into a dome with a more elliptical footprint, eventually, evolving into a coulée-like feature with two lobes. The dome was destroyed by the onset of explosive activity on 9 April 2021.
A Review Selection Method Based on Consumer Decision Phases in E-commerce
Authors: Zhang Jin , Li Xinrui , Wang Liye
Published: March 2023

A valuable small subset strategically selected from massive online reviews is beneficial to improve consumers’ decision-making efficiency in e-commerce. Existing review selection methods primarily concentrate on the informativeness of reviews and aim to find a subset of reviews that can reflect the informational properties of the original review set. However, changes in consumers’ review diets during the two-phase decision process are not fully considered. In this study, we propose a novel review selection problem of finding a diet-matched review subset with high diversity and representativeness, which can better adapt to consumers’ review-diet conversion from attribute-oriented to experience-oriented reviews between two decision phases. A novel decision-phase-based review selection method named DPRS is further proposed, which involves two steps: review classification and review selection. In the review classification step, the probability of a review being attribute-oriented or experience-oriented is estimated by prior knowledge-aware attentive neural network. In the second step, a novel heuristic algorithm, namely, stepwise non-dominated selection with superiority strategy, is introduced to seek the solution to the review selection problem. Extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate that DPRS outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of both review classification and review selection.
Relatively minor influence of individual characteristics on critical wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) limits during light activity in young adults (PSU HEAT Project)
Authors: Wolf S. Tony , Havenith George , Kenney W. Larry
Published: March 2023

Our laboratory has recently published a series of papers establishing the upper ambient temperature-humidity thresholds for maintaining heat balance, termed critical environmental limits, in young adults. However, no studies have investigated the relative influence of individual characteristics, such as sex, body size, and aerobic fitness, on those environmental limits. Here, we demonstrate the contributions of sex, body mass, body surface area, and maximal aerobic capacity on critical wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) limits in young adults.
Proteome profiles of intramuscular connective tissue: influence of aging and physical training
Authors: Yeung Ching-Yan Chloé , Olesen Annesofie T. , Wilson Richard , Lamandé Shireen R. , Bateman John F. , Svensson René B. , Magnusson S. Peter , Kjaer Michael
Published: March 2023

We investigated the impact of aging and exercise on extracellular matrix components of intramuscular connective tissue using proteomics. Middle-aged and old mice were subjected to three different levels of regular physical activity for 10 wk (high-resistance wheel running, low-resistance wheel running, or sedentary controls). We prepared extracts of extracellular matrix proteins depleted of cellular proteins. Our findings indicate that intramuscular connective tissue alters its soluble protein content with age but is unaffected by training.
Bioenergetics: the evolutionary basis of progressive kidney disease
Authors: Chevalier Robert L.
Published: March 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects >10% of the world population, with increasing prevalence in middle age. The risk for CKD is dependent on the number of functioning nephrons through the life cycle, and 50% of nephrons are lost through normal aging, revealing their vulnerability to internal and external stressors. Factors responsible for CKD remain poorly understood, with limited availability of biomarkers or effective therapy to slow progression. This review draws on the disciplines of evolutionary medicine and bioenergetics to account for the heterogeneous nephron injury that characterizes progressive CKD following episodes of acute kidney injury with incomplete recovery. The evolution of symbiosis in eukaryotes led to the efficiencies of oxidative phosphorylation and the rise of metazoa. Adaptations to ancestral environments are the products of natural selection that have shaped the mammalian nephron with its vulnerabilities to ischemic, hypoxic, and toxic injury. Reproductive fitness rather than longevity has served as the driver of evolution, constrained by available energy and its allocation to homeostatic responses through the life cycle. Metabolic plasticity has evolved in parallel with robustness necessary to preserve complex developmental programs, and adaptations that optimize survival through reproductive years can become maladaptive with aging, reflecting antagonistic pleiotropy. Consequently, environmental stresses promote trade-offs and mismatches that result in cell fate decisions that ultimately lead to nephron loss. Elucidation of the bioenergetic adaptations by the nephron to ancestral and contemporary environments may lead to the development of new biomarkers of kidney disease and new therapies to reduce the global burden of progressive CKD.
Energy-Constrained Target Localization Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Radial Basis Function Neural Network
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Vinoth Kumar , Duraisamy Usha Nandini , Jondhale Amruta S. , Lloret Jaime , Ramasamy Balaji Venkatesalu
Published: March 2023

The indoor object tracking by utilizing received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements with the help of wireless sensor network (WSN) is an interesting and important topic in the domain of location-based applications. Without the knowledge of location, the measurements obtained with WSN are of no use. The trilateration is a widely used technique to get location updates of target based on RSSI measurements from WSN. However, it suffers with high location estimation errors arising due to random variations in RSSI measurements. This paper presents a range-free radial basis function neural network (RBFN) and Kalman filtering- (KF-) based algorithm named RBFN+KF. The performance of the RBFN+KF algorithm is evaluated using simulated RSSIs and is compared against trilateration, multilayer perceptron (MLP), and RBFN-based estimations. The simulation results reveal that the proposed RBFN+KF algorithm shows very low location estimation errors compared to the rest of the three approaches. Additionally, it is also seen that RBFN-based approach is more energy efficient than trilateration and MLP-based localization approaches.
Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Screen Hub Gene Signatures for Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Yang Jingjin , Liu Yuxin , Dong Minyue
Published: March 2023

Background. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the impairment of the biological growth potential of the fetus and often leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The molecular mechanisms for the development of FGR, however, are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify critical genes associated with FGR through an integrated bioinformatics approach and explore the potential pathogenesis of FGR. Methods. We downloaded FGR-related gene microarray data, used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to screen hub genes. The GSE24129 gene set was used for validation of critical gene expression levels and diagnostic capabilities. Results. A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed, and 5000 genes were divided into 12 modules. Of these modules, the blue module showed the closest relationship with FGR. Taking the intersection of the DEGs and genes in the blue module as pivotal genes, 277 genes were identified, and 20 crucial genes were screened from the PPI network. The GSE24129 gene set verified the expression of 20 genes, and CXCL9, CXCR3, and ITGAX genes were identified as actual pivotal genes. The expression levels of CXCL9, CXCR3, and ITGAX were increased in both the training and validation sets, and ROC curve validation revealed that these three pivotal genes had a significant diagnostic ability for FGR. Single-gene GSEA results showed that all three core genes activated “hematopoietic cell lineage” and “cell adhesion molecules” and inhibited the “cGMP-PKG signaling pathway” in the development of FGR. CXCL9, CXCR3, and ITGAX may therefore be closely associated with the development of FGR and may serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of FGR.
Optimization of Precious Metals Recovery from Electronic Waste by Chromobacterium violaceum Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
Authors: Abdol Jani Wan Nur Fazlina , Suja’ Fatihah , Sayed Jamaludin Sharifah Iziuna , Mohamad Nor Fadilah , Abdul Rani Noor Hidayu
Published: March 2023

An effective recovery technology will be valuable in the future because the concentration of the precious metal contained in the source can be a key driver in recycling technology. This study aims to use response surface methodology (RSM) through Minitab software to discover the optimum oxygen level (mgL−1), e-waste pulp density (% w/v), and glycine concentration (mgL−1) for the maximum recovery of gold (Au) and silver (Ag). The method of precious metals recovery used for this study was taken from the bioleaching using 2 L of batch stirred tank reactor (BSTR). A Box-Behnken of RSM experimental statistical designs was used to optimize the experimental procedure. The result of the RSM optimization showed that the highest recovery was achieved at an oxygen concentration of 0.56 mgL−1, a pulp density of 1.95%, and a glycine concentration of 2.49 mgL−1, which resulted in the recovery of 62.40% of Au. The pulp density and glycine concentration greatly impact how much Au is bioleached by C. violaceum. As a result, not all of the variables analyzed seem crucial for getting the best precious metals recovery, and some adjustments may be useful in the future.
A Smoothing EKF-UI-WDF Method for Simultaneous Identification of Structural Systems and Unknown Seismic Inputs without Direct Feedthrough
Authors: Lei Ying , Qi Chengkai , Wang Shiyu
Published: March 2023

It is of great significance to identify structural state-parameters and the unknown seismic inputs using partial measurements of structural acceleration responses for the rapid evaluation of structures after unknown seismic excitations. However, unknown seismic inputs do not directly appear in the observation equations of measured absolute floor accelerations of building structures, i.e., there is no direct feedthrough of unknown seismic inputs in the observation equations. Current methods for the identification of joint structural systems and unknown inputs are either inapplicable or greatly influenced by measurement noises. In this paper, a method so-called smoothing extended Kalman filter with unknown input without direct feedthrough (smoothing EKF-UI-WDF) is proposed. The identification algorithm is derived in the framework of minimum-variance unbiased estimation (MVUE), and the smoothing technique is adopted to introduce subsequent observation steps in the current identification step. Then, structural states, parameters, and unknown seismic excitations without direct feedthrough are simultaneously identified recursively with only a few steps delay, and the identification results are tolerant to measurement noises. The proposed method is verified by a numerical simulation model and a practical engineering case study. Both identification results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method for the simultaneous identification of structural systems and seismic inputs without direct feedthrough.
Dental Students’ Positive and Negative Views on Aging at an Undergraduate Course at the University of British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Brondani Mario , Siqueira Adriana B. , Grazziotin Renata S. , Ardenghi Diego , Christidis Nikolaos , Siqueira Antonio B.
Published: March 2023

Background. Different views of aging exist, including ageism as the stereotyped idea about older adults in general. The objective of this study was to perform an initial exploration on how third-year undergraduate dental students at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, Canada self-perceived themselves at ages 65, 75, or 85 years old. Methods. For a period of 10 years, and using a cross-sectional design, third-year undergraduate dental students were asked to envision themselves at 65, 75, or 85 years old in a brief 150-word written essay. We employed a thematic analysis of the textual data via a coding process as suggested. The main themes were identified and displayed in a table with their respective categories of information. NVivo® 12 (QSR International) software was used for data analysis. Results. Between 2010 and 2020, a total of 519 students enrolled in the UBC undergraduate dental program; 425 essays were collected. Initial coding and thematic analysis led to the identification of four main themes and eight categories; themes included “Ups and Downs,” “Financial Sustainability,” while categories focused on “Trade-offs,” and “Camaraderie,” for example. Different levels of ageism were also apparent when students saw themselves experiencing isolation and forgetfulness regardless of the selected age and the academic year. For other students, they anticipate aging would be healthy, joyful, and productive. Conclusion. Ageism was present when students imagined themselves at three different older ages, but so were more realistic views of an aging. Further studies are warranted to unravel the impact of geriatric education in tackling stereotypes and ageism.
Analysis and Prediction of the Dynamic Antiplane Characteristics of an Elastic Wedge-Shaped Quarter-Space Containing a Circular Hole
Authors: Liu Shen , Yang Jie , Liu Yue , Liu Qin
Published: March 2023

Based on the wave function expansion method, the dynamic antiplane characteristics of a wedge-shaped quarter-space containing a circular hole are studied in a complex coordinate system. The wedge-shaped medium is decomposed into two subregions along the virtual boundary using the virtual region decomposition method. The scattering wave field in subregion I is constructed by the mirror method, and the standing wave field in region II is constructed by the fractional Bessel function. According to the continuity conditions at the virtual boundary and the stress-free boundary of the circular hole, the unknown coefficients of the wave fields are obtained by the Fourier integral transform, and the analytical solution of the dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) of the circular hole is then obtained. Through parametric analysis, the effects of incident wave frequency, geometry of the wedge, and corner slope on the DSCF of the circular hole are discussed. The results show that when the SH-wave is horizontally incidence at high frequencies, the DSCF of the circular hole can be significantly changed by introducing the corner slope. Moreover, when the corner slope is high, the maximum DSCF can be amplified about 1.2 times. Finally, the back propagation (BP) neural network prediction model of DSCF is established, and the coefficient of regression is found to reach more than 0.99.
Supplementary Data from Identification of the First Specific Inhibitor of p90 Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK) Reveals an Unexpected Role for RSK in Cancer Cell Proliferation
Authors: Smith Jeffrey A. , Poteet-Smith Celeste E. , Xu Yaming , Errington Timothy M. , Hecht Sidney M. , Lannigan Deborah A.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary text, 3 figures, and 1 table.
Supplementary Table3 from USP48 Stabilizes Gasdermin E to Promote Pyroptosis in Cancer
Authors: Ren Yidan , Feng Maoxiao , Hao Xiaodong , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Juan , Li Peilong , Gao Jie , Qi Qiuchen , Du Lutao , Wang Chuanxin , Wang Qin , Wang Yunshan
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table3
Supplementary Table S2 from CD73-Dependent Adenosine Signaling through Adora2b Drives Immunosuppression in Ductal Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Faraoni Erika Y. , Singh Kanchan , Chandra Vidhi , Le Roux Olivereen , Dai Yulin , Sahin Ismet , O'Brien Baylee J. , Strickland Lincoln N. , Li Le , Vucic Emily , Warner Amanda N. , Pruski Melissa , Clark Trent , Van Buren George , Thosani Nirav C. , Bynon John S. , Wray Curtis J. , Bar-Sagi Dafna , Poulsen Kyle L. , Vornik Lana A. , Savage Michelle I. , Sei Shizuko , Mohammed Altaf , Zhao Zhongming , Brown Powel H. , Mills Tingting , Eltzschig Holger K. , McAllister Florencia , Bailey-Lundberg Jennifer M.
Published: March 2023

Table S2
Supplementary Table S7 from PGC1α Degradation Suppresses Mitochondrial Biogenesis to Confer Radiation Resistance in Glioma
Authors: Zhao Mengjie , Li Yanhui , Lu Chenfei , Ding Fangshu , Xu Miao , Ge Xin , Li Mengdie , Wang Zhen , Yin Jianxing , Zhang Junxia , Wang Xiefeng , Ge Zehe , Xiao Hong , Xiao Yong , Liu Hongyi , Liu Wentao , Cao Yuandong , Wang Qianghu , You Yongping , Wang Xiuxing , Yang Kun , Shi Zhumei , Qian Xu
Published: March 2023

Table S7. Clinical information of 95 GBM patients
S7 from TLE3 Sustains Luminal Breast Cancer Lineage Fidelity to Suppress Metastasis
Authors: Anstine Lindsey J. , Majmudar Parth R. , Aponte Amy , Singh Salendra , Zhao Ran , Weber-Bonk Kristen L. , Abdul-Karim Fadi W. , Valentine Mitchell , Seachrist Darcie D. , Grennel-Nickelson Katelyn E. , Cuellar-Vite Leslie , Sizemore Gina M. , Sizemore Steven T. , Webb Bryan M. , Thompson Cheryl L. , Keri Ruth A.
Published: March 2023

Supplemental Figure 7
Table ST1 and ST2 from The Ratio of Toxic-to-Nontoxic miRNAs Predicts Platinum Sensitivity in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Patel Monal , Wang Yinu , Bartom Elizabeth T. , Dhir Rohin , Nephew Kenneth P. , Matei Daniela , Murmann Andrea E. , Lengyel Ernst , Peter Marcus E.
Published: March 2023

Two suppl. tables
Supplementary Data from Genetic Determinants of Somatic Selection of Mutational Processes in 3,566 Human Cancers
Authors: Guo Jintao , Zhou Ying , Xu Chaoqun , Chen Qinwei , Sztupinszki Zsófia , Börcsök Judit , Xu Canqiang , Ye Feng , Tang Weiwei , Kang Jiapeng , Yang Lu , Zhong Jiaxin , Zhong Taoling , Hu Tianhui , Yu Rongshan , Szallasi Zoltan , Deng Xianming , Li Qiyuan
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Methods, Figures S1-S8, Table S1-S4
Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from ΔNp63α Up-Regulates the Hsp70 Gene in Human Cancer
Authors: Wu Guojun , Osada Motonobu , Guo Zhongmin , Fomenkov Alexey , Begum Shahnaz , Zhao Ming , Upadhyay Sunil , Xing Mingzhao , Wu Feng , Moon Chulso , Westra William H. , Koch Wayne M. , Mantovani Roberto , Califano Joseph A. , Ratovitski Edward , Sidransky David , Trink Barry
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from ΔNp63α Up-Regulates the Hsp70 Gene in Human Cancer
Figure SF3 from FLASH Proton Radiotherapy Spares Normal Epithelial and Mesenchymal Tissues While Preserving Sarcoma Response
Authors: Velalopoulou Anastasia , Karagounis Ilias V. , Cramer Gwendolyn M. , Kim Michele M. , Skoufos Giorgos , Goia Denisa , Hagan Sarah , Verginadis Ioannis I. , Shoniyozov Khayrullo , Chiango June , Cerullo Michelle , Varner Kelley , Yao Lutian , Qin Ling , Hatzigeorgiou Artemis G. , Minn Andy J. , Putt Mary , Lanza Matthew , Assenmacher Charles-Antoine , Radaelli Enrico , Huck Jennifer , Diffenderfer Eric , Dong Lei , Metz James , Koumenis Constantinos , Cengel Keith A. , Maity Amit , Busch Theresa M.
Published: March 2023

Figure S3
F-PRT-treated mouse skin experiences less hair follicle atrophy than S-PRT-treated skin. TUNEL assay depicts apoptosis in the hair follicles at 5 days after S-PRT. Red identifies apoptotic cells and blue Hoechst-stained nuclei. Scale bar, 50Î1/4m.
Supplementary Table 4 from Subclone Eradication Analysis Identifies Targets for Enhanced Cancer Therapy and Reveals L1 Retrotransposition as a Dynamic Source of Cancer Heterogeneity
Authors: Ketola Kirsi , Kaljunen Heidi , Taavitsainen Sinja , Kaarijärvi Roosa , Järvelä Emmi , Rodríguez-Martín Bernardo , Haase Kerstin , Woodcock Dan J. , Tubio Jose , Wedge David C. , Nykter Matti , Bova G. Steven
Published: March 2023

SNVs and indels in A34 subclones. Eradicated subclones are subclone numbers 12, 13, 14, and 15.
Supplementary Material-SM1 from Subclone Eradication Analysis Identifies Targets for Enhanced Cancer Therapy and Reveals L1 Retrotransposition as a Dynamic Source of Cancer Heterogeneity
Authors: Ketola Kirsi , Kaljunen Heidi , Taavitsainen Sinja , Kaarijärvi Roosa , Järvelä Emmi , Rodríguez-Martín Bernardo , Haase Kerstin , Woodcock Dan J. , Tubio Jose , Wedge David C. , Nykter Matti , Bova G. Steven
Published: March 2023

Ketola et al Supplementary Material
Figure SF2 from Predicting Molecular Phenotypes from Histopathology Images: A Transcriptome-Wide Expression–Morphology Analysis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Yinxi , Kartasalo Kimmo , Weitz Philippe , Ács Balázs , Valkonen Masi , Larsson Christer , Ruusuvuori Pekka , Hartman Johan , Rantalainen Mattias
Published: March 2023

Heat maps showing clusters of patients based on 44 genes (FDR adjusted p-value < 0.05) from the PAM50 gene panel.
Supplementary Figure 1 from P-Cadherin Is Up-Regulated by the Antiestrogen ICI 182,780 and Promotes Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Paredes Joana , Stove Christophe , Stove Veronique , Milanezi Fernanda , Van Marck Veerle , Derycke Lara , Mareel Marc , Bracke Marc , Schmitt Fernando
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from P-Cadherin Is Up-Regulated by the Antiestrogen ICI 182,780 and Promotes Invasion of Human Breast Cancer Cells
Supplementary Table 1 from Tissue-Wide Expression Profiling Using cDNA Subtraction and Microarrays to Identify Tumor-Specific Genes
Authors: Amatschek Stefan , Koenig Ulrich , Auer Herbert , Steinlein Peter , Pacher Margit , Gruenfelder Agnes , Dekan Gerhard , Vogl Sonja , Kubista Ernst , Heider Karl-Heinz , Stratowa Christian , Schreiber Martin , Sommergruber Wolfgang
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 1 from Tissue-Wide Expression Profiling Using cDNA Subtraction and Microarrays to Identify Tumor-Specific Genes
5 Supplementary Figures from Genomic and Expression Profiling of Chromosome 17 in Breast Cancer Reveals Complex Patterns of Alterations and Novel Candidate Genes
Authors: Orsetti Béatrice , Nugoli Mélanie , Cervera Nathalie , Lasorsa Laurence , Chuchana Paul , Ursule Lisa , Nguyen Catherine , Redon Richard , du Manoir Stanislas , Rodriguez Carmen , Theillet Charles
Published: March 2023

5 Supplementary Figures from Genomic and Expression Profiling of Chromosome 17 in Breast Cancer Reveals Complex Patterns of Alterations and Novel Candidate Genes