bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pothole Detection and Management System using AI
Authors: Prof. Yogendra Patil  , Pallavi Shyam Kapadane  , Gayatri Digambar Wayal  , Lalit Kailas Vishe  , Harshwardhan Rajendra Chavan
Published: December 2022

Potholes put pedestrian and vehicular safety in peril, creating a traffic hazard. In the majority of developing nations, it ranks among the main factors in traffic accidents that result in the loss of life and property. In order to identify potholes quickly and accurately, this project aims to assess the performance of cutting-edge neural network techniques like YOLO and Faster R-CNN with VGG16 and ResNet-18 architectures. A new YOLOv2 architecture is also proposed to handle the "pothole" and "regular road" class imbalance issue, and its performance is evaluated in comparison to other object identification algorithms using accuracy, recall, intersection over union, and frames processed per second (FPS).
Opial-Jensen and functional inequalities for convex functions
Authors: SARIKAYA Mehmet Zeki , Bilişik Candan Can
Published: December 2022

The main of this article are presenting generalized Opial type inequalities which will be defined as theOpial-Jensen inequality for convex function. Further, new Opial type inequalities will be given for functionalsdefined with the help of the Opial inequalities.
Reuse process for timber elements to optimise residual performances in subsequent life cycles
Authors: De Gregorio Stefania
Published: December 2022

The reuse of wooden elements is a sustainable operation, which makes the best use of the material’s grey energy. Currently, structural timber from selective demolition is mainly used for non-structural functions, with a lowering of its performance, due to the lack of standard and specific regulation. In fact, the visual grading used to define the structural characteristics of wood does not evaluate information deriving from the previous life cycles of the component. In the paper, taking samples of rectangular timber elements from selective demolitions made in the Valencian Community, the structural values that are assigned by visual strength grading legislation were compared with the real resistance values identified by experimental analysis to verify their compliance. The verification showed that the visual grading is not able to optimize the performance of the timber element in its reuse. Therefore, the purpose of the research, illustrated in the paper, is to find a reuse process for structural wooden elements to enhance residual performances. The identified process introduces additional steps compared in the current visual grading, that include a consideration of the effective modalities of reuse evaluated according to the worst defects and information arising from previous life cycles.
Renato Rizzi
Authors: Ardizzola Paola , Grądzka Joanna
Published: December 2022

Full Professor in Architectural Design at the Instituto Universitario di Architettura (IUAV) in Venice, he carries out an intense intellectual activity by connecting teaching, theory, research, and practice. Prize of the Italian Presidency of the Republic for architecture 2017, he has delivered seminars and lectures in some of the main universities including Harvard, UIC Chicago, ETH, etc. From 1984 to 1992 he collaborated with Peter Eisenman, New York, on the projects Romeo and Juliet, Verona (1986, Stone Lion, III Architecture Biennale of Venice), La Villette Park, Paris (1986), Monte Paschi, Siena (1988), etc. Among the main international projects: Great Egyptian Museum, Cairo (2002, third prize); MOMA Warsaw (2007, Honorable Mention); John Paul II Center, Krakow (2007, special mention); Torre della Ricerca, Padua (2008, fourth prize, in collaboration with Peter Eisenman); Museum of Judaism, Ferrara (2010, Special Mention). Main projects completed: Ghiaie Sports Area, Trento (1984-1998); Fortunato Depero Museum of Futurism, Rovereto (1992-2008); Gdańsk Shakespearean Theater (2004-2013). His projects are published in the main international magazines such as Casabella, Domus, Architectural Review, Detail, and have been exhibited at the Venice Biennale (1984, 1985, 1996, 2002, 2010 and 2016), Triennale di Milano, Accademia di San Luca, etc. Awards: Fritz Höger, Berlin, 2017; Architizer A, Belgium, 2016; Iconic Award, Monaco DB, 2015; Gold Medal, Milan, 2015, 2009; Golden Compass, Milan, 2015, 2011; Council of Europe, Landscape Award, 2009. Some significant publications: Il Cosmo della Bildung, Mimesis 2016; Unexpected Parma, MUP 2013; The Daìmon of Architecture, Mimesis 2014; John Hejduk, Incarnatio, Marsilio 2010; The Divine of the Landscape, Marsilio 2008; John Hejduk BRONX, Manual in verse, Mimesis 2020. He recently founded in Venice the Nuova Scuola Architettura, a free school that focuses on the urgency of a new (heretical) gaze at Architecture, a necessity which derives from the cultural abyss of our time. The Accademia Nazionale di San Luca in Rome is currently paying a tribute to his oeuvre in a grand exhibition of gypsum models and maquettes titled “eden-eden. Renato Rizzi”, which can be visited until March third, 2023.
Exploration of Next-Generation Reinforced Concrete Corrosion Modeling with Interdependent Initiation and Propagation Stages
Authors: Sagüés Alberto A. , Alexander Christopher L.
Published: December 2022

Most damage prediction models for reinforcing steel in concrete treat the corrosion initiation stage as being nearly independent of the propagation stage elsewhere in the system. A next-generation chloride-induced corrosion interdependent model addresses those interactions by incorporating the corrosion prevention effect of the local potential drop caused by prior active-to-passive transitions in nearby steel portions. The effect of this potential-dependent threshold (PDT) approach was examined in a 3D realization, confirming and expanding conclusions from previous 1D and 2D models. Exploratory analysis was conducted for model result sensitivity to time step duration and activation zone size. It was found that the main outcome—a strongly lowered long-term damage projection when PDT is taken into consideration was reasonably robust to changes in those variables. The precise damage amount forecast was however sensitive to an extent that needs more detailed analysis. Sensitivity to time step choice appears to be resolvable in the limit, but the selection of appropriate activation zone size needs addressing in future work.
Mihailo Konstantinović (1897–1982): pravnik koji je obeležio jednu epohu
Authors: Kršljanin Nina
Published: December 2022

The article provides a biographical overview of the life and work of Mihailo Konstantinović, professor at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law and corresponding member of the Yugoslav Academy of Arts and Sciences. This contribution covers his education, university and scientific career, political engagement, work on legislation and in professional associations. The article reflects on the contribution of Mihailo Konstantinović to Serbian legislation and jurisprudence and the recognition he deserved, as well as on the controversies of his life and work, concluding that a more detailed study of his character and work is undoubtedly necessary.
Mihailo Konstantinović o radu na građanskom zakoniku u međuratnoj Jugoslaviji
Authors: Mirković Zoran. S
Published: December 2022

The paper analyses the work on the codification of the civil code in interwar Yugoslavia and Mihailо Konstantinović’s opinion of that work, which lasted almost a decade and a half but did not lead to the adoption of the code. The paper describes the environment and circumstances in which the work on codification began, the main actors, their positions, the method of codification, and the outcome of that work – the creation of The Pre-Draft of the Civil Code for the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Mihailo Konstantinović’s opinion on that work begins with the history of the creation of the Serbian Civil Code, and how it happened that the Austrian Civil Code was used as the basis, as opposed to the French Civil Code. Konstantinović’s arguments for why it was wrong to use the Austrian Civil Code, instead of the 1888 Montenegrin General Property Code are presented.
Konstantinovićeva koncepcija uređenja zastarelosti: da li su ideje o uticaju vremena u pravu izdržale uticaj vremena na pravo?
Authors: Zupan Nina
Published: December 2022

Mihailo Konstantinović was the author of the 1953 Act on Limitation of Claims. The article explores how he improved and surpassed the rules on limitation set forth in the Austrian Civil Code which had previously been directly or indirectly applicable in a large part of the former Yugoslavia. His cornerstone ideas were later also copied with minor changes (partly not well thought through) into the Law on Obligations, ensuring there was no need for a comprehensive reform for decades. Admittedly, modern guidelines on limitation propose somewhat different concepts, focusing increasingly on the balance between the creditor and the debtor and on the simplification of the system. However, these guidelines are based on the modern discourse on human rights in private law and on the negative experience of some European jurisdictions with outdated and untransparent rules on limitation which – as opposed to the former Yugoslavia – remained unchanged for a century or more.
Oslobađajuće „pristupanje“ dugu: zaboravljeni institut iz Skice za zakonik o obligacijama i ugovorima
Authors: Karanikić Mirić Marija
Published: December 2022

All the provisions of the Yugoslav, and subsequently Serbian, Law on Obligations of 1978 relating to substitution of debtor, originate from the Draft Code on Obligations and Contracts of 1969. However, the rule according to which the creditor and the third party may expressly discharge the original debtor was omitted from the Law. The reasons for this exclusion have not been recorded. Also, the Draft fails to specify whether the original debtor may protest their own release, i.e., if their consent is necessary for the discharge. This article has two purposes: to explore how the ideas of Mihailo Konstantinović, the sole author of the Draft, on the subject of substitution of debtor developed over time, and to examine the omitted rule on liberatory “accession” to debt or, more precisely, the assumption of debt by agreement between the creditor and a third party.
Practical Copper-catalyzed Synthesis of Pyrroles under Solvent Free Condition
Authors: Tuan Thanh Dang  , Nguyen Thi Son  , Hien Nguyen  , Cu Hong Hanh  , Nguyen Thi Thanh Chi  , Tran Quang Hung  , Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen  , Ngo Thi Thuan  , Dang Van Do
Published: December 2022

An efficient and practical method for the synthesis of pyrroles by Cu-catalyzed multicomponent reaction has been described. A range of highly functionalized pyrroles was prepared in good yields under solvent free condition.
Agrobiological assessment of collection varieties of paiza (Echinochloa Frumentacea) in the conditions of the Lower Volga region
Authors:   Russian research and Design and technological Institute of sorghum and corn, Astashov Alexander , Rodina Tatiana , Bochkareva Yulia , Safronov Alexander , Plaksina Vera
Published: December 2022

In the arid conditions of the Lower Volga region, paiza is a promising forage crop. Due to the complex of biological and economically valuable signs and properties, the paiza has a direct relationship between the yield of green mass and precocity, on the one hand, and between the yield of this mass and tallness and foliage, on the other. This choice is also determined by its relative drought resistance and the ability to withstand extreme positive temperatures in arid climatic conditions of Russia without loss of yield and grain quality, which allows it to be grown in many regions of the Russian Federation. The article presents the results of the yield and nutritional value of aboveground biomass in the phase of milk ripeness. Keywords: PAIZA, SELECTION, VARIETY PATTERN, YIELD, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS
The “Karabakh – Armenia” Theme in the Iconography of Armenian Identity
Authors:   Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute Foundation, Marutyan Harutyun ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography NAS RA, Abrahamian Levon
Published: December 2022

The images and written formulas depicted on banners and posters are a vivid manifestation of national identity and tend to appear and reappear in abundant quantities in times of societal crises. In this sense, the iconography of the Karabakh Movement represents a rich and broad field of study. What is distinctive about the posters created during the Karabakh Movement is that a great majority did not simply proclaim the programmatic ideas of certain parties or political trends but rather expressed the people’s concerns, moods and wishes and their interpretations of events as they unfolded. The posters and banners of the Movement manifested in varying genres and revealed diversity in their content. They were the product of both Soviet and nationalist mentality. The theme “Karabakh-Armenia” had many different manifestations in the iconography of the Karabakh movement, such as quotations and the creation of posters using or based on “quote thinking”; unification of Karabakh with Armenia as a solution for the Karabakh issue; the theme of Mother Armenia and child-Karabakh; “Karabakh is ours”; manifestations of solidarity with the people of Karabakh; Karabakh and Armenia as one entity. This article aims to present and analyse those banners and posters as manifestations of national identity.
Azerbaijan’s Policy of Forced Cultural Appropriation after the Second Artsakh War: The Case of Dadivank Monastery
Authors:   Armenian Genocide Museum-Institute Foundation, Martirosyan Hayastan
Published: December 2022

The article presents the methods of the continuing forced appropriation of Armenian cultural monuments in Artsakh by the Republic of Azerbaijan’s functionaries after the Second Artsakh War.1 The “Albanisation” of Armenian cultural monuments in Mountainous Karabagh in the scientific field began in the 1950s, when it was imperative to reinforce the Azerbaijani people’s cultural identity, based on the foundations laid between 1920 and 1930 and to try to make all the peoples living in the Southern Caucasus equally indigenous to the region. One of the “victims” of the “Albanisation” of the cultural heritage of the Armenians of Mountainous Karabagh is the monastic complex of Dadivank, located in the Karvachar area of the Shahumyan region. Passing under Azerbaijani jurisdiction in November 2020, it was presented to the international community as part of the historic-cultural heritage of the descendants of the Caucasian Albanians, which should be under the jurisdiction of Udis and Azerbaijanis. With this aim in view, the Azerbaijani leadership instituted the policy of forced appropriation and alienation of Armenian heritage from the Armenian culture through various means, which will be shown in detail below. This article will also demonstrate how the theory of “Albanisation” began and developed in Azerbaijani SSR historiography and what “scientific bases” were – and are – being brought forward during the Soviet and post-Soviet eras by historians to present Dadivank as Albanian. It will also reveal the directions Azerbaijan is following for the appropriation of Armenian cultural legacy, rebranding it as Albanian, and foisting this theory on the international public.
Panel modeli - primjena u ekonomskim istraživanjima
Authors: Devčić Kristina , Tonković Pražić Ivana , Beljo Ivana
Published: December 2022

U znanstvenoj literaturi sve se više pojavljuju analize temeljene na panel podacima. Panel podaci imaju prostornu i vremensku dimenziju odnosno to je skup podataka u kojima se prati razvoj neke pojave (prostorna dimenzija) u određenom vremenskom razdoblju. Najčešće je prostorna komponenta predstavljena ispitanicima, tvrtkama, gradovima, državama, dok vremenska dimenzija uključuje dane, mjesece, tromjesečja, godine itd. U ovom radu opisana je panel metodologija, objašnjen je teorijski okvir panel metodologije, opisani su statički i dinamički modeli te je dan pregled prednosti i nedostataka panel metodologije. U drugom dijelu rada analizirana je primjenjivost panel metodologije u ekonomskim istraživanjima te je dan osvrt na dosadašnja istraživanja spomenutom metodologijom.
SIGNS OF THE OBJECTIVE SIDE OF CRIME AS A BASIS FOR FORMING THE CONCEPT OF THE ELEMENTS OF CORPUS DELICTI: ANALYSIS AND PROPOSAL
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Khudaykulov Feruzbek
Published: December 2022

This article widely uses logical, systemic, logical-legal, comparative-legal research methods. In particular, first of all, the formation of the concepts of the structure of crime is analysed. Also, the role of the objective side of the crime in the formation of the concepts of the corpus delicti, the views expressed by scientists in the theory of criminal law are considered, after which individual subjective signs of the corpus delicti and their features are classified, developed on the basis of the signs of the objective side of the classical German school of criminal law. At the same time, the significance of the signs of the objective side of the crime in the development of the existing concept of corpus delicti in the modern theory of criminal law is described. In this article, based on the deduction method, the work reflects the concept of corpus delicti, taking the objective side of the crime as the basis of this doctrine, that is, corpus delicti – the composition of the law – the concept of corpus delicti. In addition, the article considers the specifics of the objective side of the crime in the formation and development of the doctrine of the corpus delicti and the concept of the corpus delicti, their specific criminal significance, as well as theoretical and practical problems associated with the elements of the corpus delicti, crime as the only basis for responsibility given in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan. At the same time, the criminal legislation of the CIS countries, in particular Russian Federation, Belarus and Moldova have been analyzed, specific proposals and recommendations are developed to improve the criminal legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF LEGISLATION ON SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CITIZENS WITH DISABILITIES OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTANN
Authors:   General Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Shinekeneva Zauresh
Published: December 2022

The article provides a comparative legal analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Kazakhstan, regarding the observance of the rights of persons with disabilities. The general features and distinctive traits of individual legislative acts of the analyzed countries are considered, statistical data on the number of citizens with disabilities at the global and regional levels are provided. The legislative acts regulating the legal basis for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, including those of an international nature, the fulfillment of the requirements of the Convention on the Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as a document forming a unified legal framework in the field of the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities and its fundamental ideas are analyzed. The peculiarities of Uzbek and Kazakh legislation in terms of the application of the principle of respect for the dignity of persons with disabilities are determined. The formation and strengthening of respect for the rights of persons with disabilities in the public consciousness is a priority in the development of the legal culture of the population, in terms of fostering respect for the dignity of persons with disabilities. The issues of disability prevention, which is a necessary element to prevent the growth of the number of persons with disabilities, the possibility of using the Portal of Social Services, as novelties of the Kazakh legislation, are considered. It is proposed to implement the term «discrediting on the basis of disability» in the Kazakh legislation, as well as the principle of «respect for the dignity of persons with disabilities».
HISTORICAL TRUTH AND ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Rasulmuxamedova Durdona
Published: December 2022

There are various assessments, interpretations, and in many cases contradictory views and ideas about the image of Amir Temur, a multifaceted figure who played a significant role in the history of the peoples of the world. Such information is contained not only in historical works but also in the art of artistic expression. We decided to study only a part of the treasury of the universal temurnoma, covering a period of six centuries, that is, the level of artistic coverage of the Uzbek temurnoma in Uzbek literature of the independence period. The article reveals the issues of historical truth and artistic interpretation of Amir Temur’s Sakhibkiran of the Timurid period. The degree of reflection of the image of Amir Temur, the founder of the Timurid period, in the literature of the period of independence is described in the article. Accurately reflecting the life and history of Amir Temur, the role of this great man in the destinies of the peoples of Turanzamin, the Middle East and Europe is illustrated by the example of Buribai Akhmedov’s novel Amir Temur, in which an objective assessment is given.
SOME ISSUES OF INTERNATIONAL LEGAL COOPERATION IN COMBAT AGAINST CORRUPTION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Valijonov Daler
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on the issues of international cooperation of the Prosecutors’ Office on the provision of legal assistance in criminal matters, such as corruption. Besides that, the article is dedicated to the matters concerning the cooperation Prosecutors’ Office in terms of fighting against crime within the regional scope of international organizations. The author of this scientific article revealed the essence and main directions of international cooperation of the Prosecutors’ Office of the Republic of Uzbekistan to combat transnational crime and corruption in the context of digital globalization and the integration of the world community. Moreover, the relevance of the research topic is because the commission of such crimes is characterized by the use of modern technical means and high-tech facilities of air and land transport, a high transcontinental level of organization and real support of many, including illegal, financial sources. The predicted result of such activities was a significant increase in the number of serious crimes of a transnational nature.
ISSUES OF IMPROVEMENT OF LEGAL MECHANISMS FOR DIGITALIZATION OF ACTIVITIES OF THE STATE TAX SERVICE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Ergashev Ikrom
Published: December 2022

This article is based on the fact that the issues of gradual reduction of the tax burden, simplification of the tax system and improvement of tax administration, rapid development of the country’s economy, improving investment attractiveness and legal regulation of these relations are becoming increasingly global and actual. The facts are analyzed that the need to improve tax legislation and tax practices in line with the development of tax administration and the development of the investment climate by sharply reducing the tax burden on businesses, creating a fair and transparent tax system for all taxpayers and bringing it into line with international standards and simplifying tax administration, extensive systematic work is carried out to eliminate inconsistencies and contradictions in the legislation and to strengthen the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of honest taxpayers. Theoretical and practical aspects of the importance of legal regulation of issues related to ensuring the rights of subjects of tax law, the introduction of “smart regulation” models in this area and increasing the share of information technology in this sphere, the development of new effective mechanisms are researched. It is analyzed that it is important to improve the tax administration, introduce paperless document exchange and address the challenges of developing and implementing software aimed at increasing the efficiency of state tax service. Analyzing the main directions of improvement of tax administration in Uzbekistan, proposals were developed to improve its legal basis.
ESSENCE, NEED AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SYSTEM OF RIGHT TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND PROTECTION OF LEGAL INTERESTS IN COURT
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Okyulov Omonboy
Published: December 2022

In the system of civil rights, it can be said that the rights and legitimate interests concerning intellectual property have recently arisen in relation to property, obligations, and torts, which are traditional civil rights. The owners of intellectual property rights themselves have not yet fully realized the meaning of these rights and the possibility of their effective use. If we take into account that intellectual property is the main engine of our social and spiritual life and economic development, it is necessary to take serious, systemic measures in this area. Among these systemic measures, the formation of effective practices and skills of judicial protection in relation to intellectual property occupies a central place. According to the author of the article, among these systemic measures, the formation of effective practice and skills in the legal protection of intellectual property in court takes a central place. The study used legislative norms and scientific and theoretical views of legal scholars on the further improvement of the system for protecting intellectual property rights and legitimate interests in courts. In conclusion, the author draws appropriate conclusions and makes recommendations.
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF AMENDMENT AND CANCELLATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE DOCUMENT AND THE NEED FOR ITS IMPROVEMENT
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Azizov Bunyod
Published: December 2022

The article provides a scientific and theoretical analysis of the procedures for amending, cancelling and invalidating an administrative document based on the experience of foreign countries and the current law of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The existing problems in the legislation and relevant aspects of their solution are disclosed when amending, cancelling or invalidating an administrative document. The experience of foreign countries has shown that various ways of amending, cancelling and invalidating an administrative document exist and are effectively used. A clear definition of these mechanisms makes it possible to resolve such disputes through a single procedure. This will avoid unnecessary spending of time and money of citizens, as well as save the resources of the state. Based on the legislation of foreign countries, the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan has developed proposals for specifying mechanisms for resolving administrative disputes, amending, cancelling and invalidating an administrative document, improving the procedure for applying the principle of trust protection. The implementation of these proposals in practice will contribute to the elimination of legal gaps in legislation and the establishment of unified legal mechanisms.
EDUCATIONAL AUTONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF A COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Toshmatov Oybek
Published: December 2022

The article highlights issues of implementing a competence-based approach in teaching English as a foreign language and the formation of educational autonomy as one of the key concepts training student’s foreign language skills. The need for the formation of educational autonomy is conditioned by the requirements of the modern world, the paradigm of “lifelong learning”, the ability of a modern person to “learn”, readiness for self-study. The main objectives of reforming the system of higher education are revealed. The article comprehensively examines the essence of the competence-based approach and presents a number of problems associated with its implementation in the educational process. The article is based on the online course “English for law students”, developed by the authors on the Moodle platform. The work of students is analyzed; conclusions are drawn about how much online courses contribute to the formation of learner autonomy.
CLASSIFICATION OF GROUNDS FOR TERMINATING A CRIMINAL CASE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Maxmudov Sunnat
Published: December 2022

At the stage of implementation of the judicial and legal reform, on the basis of the norms of criminal and criminal procedure legislation, the concept of the institution of termination of a criminal case, its specificity, and procedural significance was formulated. The article explores the scope of this institution on the basis of the views put forward by scientists regarding the institution of termination of a criminal case. Based on the views and ideas put forward by scientists, the concept of termination of a criminal case has been analyzed through scientific, theoretical, practical, and legislative norms. At the same time, the article analyzes the role and significance of the termination of a criminal case in the criminal process, its specificity, and some problems that arise in criminal procedural legislation and judicial as well as investigative practice. The article gives the author’s definition of the termination of a criminal case through a comparative analysis of the opinions of scientists on the termination of a criminal case, consideration on the basis of our legislation of the concepts contained in the definitions given by them. Based on the results of the analysis, relevant conclusions, proposals, and recommendations have been made regarding the concept of the institution of termination of a criminal case in criminal proceedings, its specificity, and its significance in criminal and criminal procedure legislation.
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE FIGHT AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Valijonov Daler
Published: December 2022

This scientific article provides a systematic analysis of the international legal foundations of cooperation in the fight against transnational organized crime. In the article, the author tried to highlight the theoretical aspects of the issue of international cooperation of law enforcement agencies in the system of combating transnational organized crime. The content and essence of the concepts “international criminal group” and “international criminal community”, which were considered relevant today, were also analyzed in this article. The comparative analysis of the author on international conventions, declarations, and legislation of foreign countries served as a reflection of the specifics of this article. Moreover, the relevance of the research topic is because the commission of transnational organized crimes is characterized by the use of modern technical means and technologies. The predicted result was a significant increase in the number of serious crimes of a transnational nature. The lack of proper legal cooperation between States leads to the emergence and spread of dangerous practices when criminals, committing a crime in one State, illegally cross the borders of another in order to avoid justice and criminal prosecution. The problem of disclosure, investigation, and prevention of transnational organized crimes within the framework of international cooperation in criminal matters is the most urgent today.
MITIGATING FACTORS AND CRIMINAL defences IN CRIMINAL LEGISLATION OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS)
Authors:   Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Islomov Bunyod
Published: December 2022

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the criminal legislation of the Slovak Republic in the area of consideration of the mitigating factors and criminal defences. Existing research provides an overall exploration of mitigation of sentence institution in accordance with the existing edition of the Criminal Code of the Slovak Republic, announced on 20 May 2005 and entered into force on 1 January 2006 and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, enacted on 22 September 1994 and entered into force from 1 April 1995, including the issues on determining the punishment for the criminal offences committed in a state of mental disorder as well as insanity and diminished sanity, for uncomplete offences and the criminal complicity, including criminal defences, institutions on the voluntary refusal from the commission of an offence. Pursuant to the results of the conducted comparative analysis, similar and different sides of existing criminal laws have been clarified, and decisions on the concluded analysis and final conclusion on the implementation of Slovak Republic’s criminal law norms to the criminal law of the Republic of Uzbekistan have been provided.
Validación de un test de detección temprana de dificultades de la lectoescritura en Ecuador
Authors: Piedra Martínez Elisa , Freire Pesántez Andrea , López Orellana Cindy Tatiana , Tapia Encalada Eulalia
Published: December 2022

Introducción: Las dificultades del aprendizaje son las alteraciones de mayor presencia en las aulas escolares y sus indicadores pueden diagnosticarse y prevenirse desde edades tempranas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue validar el Test para la detección temprana de las dificultades en el aprendizaje de la lectura y escritura.

Métodos: El enfoque de la investigación fue cuantitativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se utilizó la validez de constructo acorde con la propuesta original del test y de fiabilidad a través del Alpha de Cronbach en una muestra de 501 niños ecuatorianos de cuatro años.

Resultados: La validación del instrumento evidencia una moderada correlación entre las subtareas y alta correlación entre las subtareas y el puntaje total. La fiabilidad es buena, α= 0.71, muy próxima a la de la población española α= 0.73. Por lo que, la prueba puede ser utilizada en el contexto ecuatoriano en su versión original, adecuando en las instrucciones dos palabras a la realidad lingüística del país y para la calificación los puntos de corte de dificultad.

Conclusión: Considerando su valor y fácil aplicación se recomienda el uso de la prueba de lectura en contextos educativos y de salud.
Maryjny rys duchowości s. Wandy Boniszewskiej CSA
Authors: Kaczmarek Ks. Piotr
Published: December 2022

The article presents the figure of a rather less known polish mystic, Sr. Wanda Boniszewska CSA. Her life covered almost the entire twentieth century in which events she participated in while surviving two world wars and the atrocities of communism. Her great strength lies in the extraordinary relationship she had with the Blessed Mother, which grew and developed out of her love for Jesus Christ. The above-mentioned framework presents the various Marian themes from the life and spirituality of Sr. Boniszewska – events and thoughts penned in the spiritual memoir of a Polish nun. The Mariology of this spirituality is grounded on Christology. It is in the perspective of this great love to Christ that a strong and enduring relationship with the Blessed Mother is built, as in accordance with the Catholic tradition. Sr. Wanda Boniszewska who was gifted with a rich personal and spiritual history and story is constantly wating to be discovered.
Warunki przyjmowania kandydatów do seminarium duchownego w II RP na przykładzie Seminarium Duchownego w Płocku
Authors: Pipczyńska Dagmara
Published: December 2022

The article is about issues related to the conditions of admitting candidates to seminaries in the period of the Second Polish Republic. The issues were presented on the example of the Higher Theological Seminary in Płock. This article was divided into thematic sections, starting with the discussion of the institutional outline and formal preparation of candidates for the priesthood. This section refers to the decisions of the Council of Trent. Next section of this article concerns the general admission conditions for candidates to universities in the Second Polish Republic. The article also draws attention to important role of the preparation for priestly, in the light of the rules the Code of Canon Law of 1917. The following subsections of the dissertation refer directly to issues related to the organization and functioning of the Higer Theological Seminary in Płock. At this point, Author presented path of Theological Seminary in Płock to become a higher education institution. The article ends with a summary, which concludes that the theological seminaries in the Second Polish Republic, although they didn’t fit into the framework of „secular” education, presented a significant scientific and didactic level.
Examination of Prospective Teachers' Creative Comparisons for the Concept of "Science Education" in Terms of Various Variables
Authors: YILMAZ Zeynel Abidin , YAŞAR Mehmet Diyaddin
Published: December 2022

Determination of prospective teachers' metaphoric perceptions of science education will contribute to the more effective and efficient organization of science education and the organize and structure of its teaching. In this aspect, this research aimed at determining prospective teachers' metaphoric perceptions toward science education in terms of various variables. This research was conducted on 301 prospective teachers. In this research, a phenomenological study, which is one of the qualitative research designs, was adopted. A creative comparison form was used as a data collection tool. The content analysis method, which is one of the qualitative data analysis methods, was used to analyze the collected data. As a result of this study, the creative comparisons of prospective teachers for science education were gathered under 5 categories: emotion, color, game, transportation vehicle, and technological tool. Prospective teachers produced several metaphors according to these categories. And some suggestions were made based on the results.
Some notes on socio-political terminology development in Swahili in the period of African Ujamaa socialism construction (the late sixties and early seventies): Basic tendencies of term formation
Authors:   Toraigyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan, Saurbayev R.Zh.
Published: December 2022

The present article highlights forming and functioning of socio-political terminology in African languages, particularly in Swahili. The article aims to provide an up-to-date account of tendencies of development of socio-political terminology of African Ujamaa socialism theory based on native languages. The problem arises in connection with the process of globalization, which takes place in the modern world, and tendencies of unification of terminology in modern languages. The author of the article attempts to keep track of tendencies of term formation in developing languages of Africa of the early seventies of the twentieth century.
Artistic education and evaluation in the nonformal educational system of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences, Republic of Moldova, Nicolaescu Gheorghe
Published: December 2022

In the Republic of Moldova, music and arts education takes place both in general education (primary and secondary) and in nonformal arts education. In the perimeter of this article, we aim to address the aspects of evaluating individual and group artistic activities, evaluating student performance, elements and stages of the evaluation process, steps that can improve evaluation activities.
Tendencies and challenges from the perspective of personal development
Authors:   ", Globu Nelea ,   Ion Creanga",   Pedagogical State University, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2022

In this article we aim to reflect on current challenges in education and trends in the teaching of school subjects, including personal development. The trends of educational policy in the last decades in the Republic of Moldova have generated development, updating of the national curriculum. Intensifying the focus of the curriculum on the student by diversifying the offers of disciplines: proposing the curricular area „Counseling and personal development” with the study discipline Personal development is one of the list of innovative approaches to the educational process. In this context, it becomes necessary to identify some theoretical premises for students’ learning in the context of personal development. Modern learning theories, which have been the basis for curricular updating in school subjects, offer us some learning models for the formation of tomorrow’s personality and landmarks in the personal development of students. For this purpose, we aimed to reflect on some current trends and challenges in education from the perspective of the student’s personal development.
Prevention, evaluation and psychological intervention in general education: the affective, psycho-behavioral and cognitive domains
Authors:   ", Cucer Angela ,   Ion Creanga",   Pedagogical State University, Republic of Moldova
Published: December 2022

One of the strategic directions for ensuring the quality of education is the prevention of difficulties in child development; optimizing the process of psychosocial adaptation to the new societal conditions; facilitating effective communication in order to train social skills; ensuring effective partnerships in order to build positive relationships; selection of methodologies and tools for assessment and psychological intervention according to the child’s age and developmental characteristics, etc. In this context, the role of the psychological service in general education is undeniable. The respective article reflects the scientific results regarding prevention, assessment and psychological intervention in primary and secondary education with reference to the affective, psychobehavioral and cognitive domains.
Analysis of the Difficulty of Understanding the Concepts of Vibration and Waves of Students Junior High School
Authors: Octavia Rosa Friska , Widiawati Tri
Published: December 2022

This research starts from the problem of low student physics learning outcomes. This is because students have difficulty understanding the concept, because it is also necessary to analyze the difficulties. The purpose of this study was to find out what forms of difficulties were experienced by students at each stage of students' abilities in understanding the concepts of vibration and waves, which difficulties at which stages of student ability were most dominantly experienced by students in the concept of vibrations and waves, and difficulties experienced by students in solving math problems. The subjects of this study were 32 students of class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Way Seputih to determine the sample using the cluster random sampling method. based on the analysis it can be concluded that the forms of difficulties experienced by students at the student's ability stage, the most dominant difficulty is at the C6 stage with a percentage of 100%, and the percentage of difficulties experienced by students in working on calculation questions is 60%. It can be seen the forms of difficulties experienced by students, so to overcome these difficulties the teacher should familiarize students more with solving their respective practice questions, especially questions of understanding and application.

Keywords: learning difficulties, conceptual understanding, physics.
A Study on Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy Between Academic Satisfaction and Job Performance of Cyber University Beauty Graduates
Authors: Lim Ok-Jin
Published: December 2022

This study conducted a survey of a total of 137 beauty major graduate of K Cyber University located in Daejeon and Chungcheong area and conducting a self-report questionnaire to verify the effect of learning satisfaction of cyber university's beauty major graduates on job performance, and the effects of self-efficacy that mediate this, to improve job competency through learning satisfaction of beauty majors and work accordingly. As a result of the study, it was found that the learning satisfaction of K Cyber University's beauty department graduates has an important influence on job performance, and variables such as self-efficacy act as important parameters. It is suggested that the learning satisfaction of beauty majoring graduates improves job performance, and self-efficacy act as an important facilitating factor in enhancing job performance in the field. Therefore, it is not only necessary to improve self-efficacy by continuously providing training courses based on practical competency to target subjects, but also to develop and operate various programs that can maximize job-related self-efficacy tailored to adult learners as well as technology-oriented education. Through measures to increase students' learning satisfaction, it is necessary to seek ways to improve job performance. Although it was intended to help the cyber university’s graduates in hair and beauty industry find positive ways for their job performance, there was a limit to generalizing the research results to the results of beauty-related graduates of all cyber universities in Korea. In future research, the need for continuous and long-term empirical analysis and in-depth research is required for cyber university graduates to improve their job performance by conducting indepth interviews and observations of experts with various cyber universities as research subjects.
A Study on the Current Status of After-School Programs in the Department of Beauty at Vocational High Schools in Daejeon
Authors: Jeong So-Im , Noh Young-Hee
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the establishment of after-school programs in the beauty department by comparing and analyzing the operating conditions of after-school programs in the department of beauty at Vocational high schools. All five cosmetic departments of Daejeon Vocational high schools were selected and the status of each school's after-school program operation was sampled for a total of 7 semesters from the first semester of 2019 to the first semester of 2022. For data collection, public information (data for public use) of the school reminder system and the school website were referred to, and deficiencies were supplemented through interviews with teachers. The results are as follow. First, it can be seen that the name of the after-school program in the department of beauty is mainly determined similarly to the certificate and course name by using the national qualification for cosmetologist and the name of the cosmetology course in 4 schools. Second, as for the operating hours of the program, 40 sessions (hours) were the most common at 28, and the number of participants in the program ranged from 2 to 27, showing differences by school and program. It implies the need to unify and operate the classes in order to increase the equal educational opportunity and academic achievement of learners. Second, hair program accounted for the highest proportion of program opening because the hair field had a high rate of employment after high school graduation but more diverse education is needed to ensure well-rounded employment opportunity. Third, after-school program instructors were mostly taught by beauty department teachers. Since this is often conducted in connection with school classes, it can be inferred that the subject teacher alignment with after school programs were chosen over an external instructor to increase efficiency. Fourth, after-school tuition support varied by school, but tuition support increased in 2022 compared to 2019 showing each school’s growing efforts to relieve the financial pressure of after school programs. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the various majors of the after-school program, systematize the time period and the number of participants. In addition, the afterschool tuition support should be continued to reduce private education expenses and prevent class loss. Such efforts are expected to have a positive effect on the equal educational opportunity and academic achievement of learners. In the future, it is necessary to expand the scope of research to the whole country and continue research on the operation status of other majors in specialized high schools and after-school programs in non-specialized high schools.