bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Construction Learning Model of Islamic Education in Society 5.0 and Its Relevance at Islamic Boarding Schools on Java Island
Authors: Afif Nur , Aziz Abd , Mubin Fatkhul
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the urgency of digitizing Islamic boarding school education in Society 5.0 and the effectiveness of the IT-based collaborative learning model on the creative thinking abilities of students in Islamic boarding schools on the island of Java. This mixed methods research method combines two previously existing forms of research, namely qualitative research and quantitative research. The population referred to in this research were all class X students in Islamic boarding schools on the island of Java, including Islamic boarding schools in Banten and Islamic boarding schools in East Java. The variables of this research are the IT-based collaborative learning model and creative thinking abilities. Based on the results of data analysis, it was concluded that 1) urgency digitizing Islamic boarding school education in Society 5.0 is one of the efforts that must be made for all Islamic boarding schools, especially Islamic boarding schools on the Island of Java; 2) Collaborative learning model was very effective for improving students' creative thinking abilities. All aspects of creative thinking can be developed through IT-based collaborative learning in facing Society 5.0 in Islamic boarding schools on the island of Java.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan urgensi digitalisasi pendidikan pesantren di dalam Masyarakat 5.0 dan efektivitas model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis IT terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa di pesantren di pulau Jawa. Metode penelitian campuran ini menggabungkan dua bentuk penelitian yang sebelumnya ada, yaitu penelitian kualitatif dan penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi yang dimaksud dalam penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas X di pesantren di pulau Jawa, termasuk pesantren di Banten dan pesantren di Jawa Timur. Variabel penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis IT dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa 1) urgensi digitalisasi pendidikan pesantren di dalam Masyarakat 5.0 adalah salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk semua pesantren, khususnya pesantren di Pulau Jawa; 2) Model pembelajaran kolaboratif sangat efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Semua aspek berpikir kreatif dapat dikembangkan melalui pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis IT dalam menghadapi Masyarakat 5.0 di pesantren di pulau Jawa.How to Cite: Afif, N., Aziz, A., Mubin, F. (2023) The Construction Learning Model of Islamic Education in Society 5.0 and Its Relevance at  Islamic Boarding Schools on Java Island. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 10(1), 69-84. doi:10.15408/tjems.v10i1. 35967.
Theory and Methods of Developing Software and Operating Systems. Models, Methods and Means of Ensuring Reliability, Security and Data Protection in Software, Technical and Information Systems
Authors: Lavrishcheva E.M. , Kulyamin V.V. , Karpov L.E. , Mutilin V.S. , Kozin S.V. , Zelenov S.V. , Ryzhov A.G.
Published: December 2023

В монографии представлены методы моделирования и программирования программно-технических, информационных и операционных систем с обеспечением качества, безопасности и защиты, исследованные в проектах РФФИ №16-01-00352 (2016-2018) и РФФИ №19-01-00206 (2019-2021). Основу моделирования и программирования прикладных систем составляет: отечественный метод сборки (связывания–linking) прикладных ресурсов в более сложные системы и 64 функции преобразования обмениваемых типов данных ресурсов с учетом стандарта ISO/IEC 11404 GDT-1996 в общесистемных средах IBM, MS, OMG, Oberon, INTEL, UNIX и др., сделанных в 80-е годы ХХ века. Представлены формальные средства спецификации ресурсов (VDM, Z, Clear, Monadic, ОКМ, GDM), технологии программирования ОС и трансляторов; системных и сервисных средств моделирования программных и технических систем (SOA, SCA, SCM, WSDL, Grid, Etics и др.). Описана онтология в Semantic Web для представления задач вычислительной математики, геометрии, биологии и Жизненного цикла стандарта ISO/IEC 12207, представленного на Конференции в Лондоне «Sciences and Information – 2015. Определены методы верификации и тестирования изменяемых ресурсов и создаваемых систем из них c обеспечением качества, безопасности и защиты данных. В рамках проектов РФФИ используется стандарт метода сборки IEEE 828-Configuration – 2001 и типов данных, задаваемых стандартом данных 11404 GPD-2007 для структурных и неструктурированных типов данных Big Data и Cloud Computing в современной среде Интернет. Предложен новый вариант сборщика информационных, интеллектуальных и операционных ресурсов с использованием новых операций конфигурационной сборки: config, assembly в .Net, Grid; build, waver в Etics: make в BSD, cmake в GNU и JavaEE. С помощью этих операций создан экспериментальный вариант ядра ОS Linux и Веб-система с использованием сервисных ресурсов SOA, SCA, SOAP WWW3C Интернет. Вариант ядра OS Linux отработан с помощью средств верификации, тестирования, безопасности и защиты данных. Рекомендуется студентам старших курсов, аспирантам и научным работникам.
THE EFFECT AND COLLECTION METHODOLOGY IN INDONESIA DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC (CASE STUDY OF DOMPET DHUAFA)
Authors: MUBARAK LUBIS M ZAKY , HUSNA HIDAYATUL , WAHYUDIN RAMA , AUGUSNA WAHYUNI LELY , ALFAKHRI PUTRA GUSTI DIRGA
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic's space restrictions have reduced opportunities for community social interaction in all ways. In the meantime, there is a growing sense of communal solidarity, which is used in the distribution of social funds like Islamic philanthropy. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in Dompet Dhuafa Singgalang, this study seeks to analyze the effect and strategy of zakat collection. In-depth interviews with the Head of the Dompet Dhuafa Singgalang Branch were used to elicit primary data about collection tactics during a pandemic, and financial reports of zakat receipts from January 2018 to December 2022 were used to elicit secondary data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the data. According to test results, there was no discernible difference between donations received prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A direct pickup strategy was used to raise money, with technology maximizing collection.
THE EFFECT OF RETURN ON EQUITY AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO ON EARNINGS PER SHARE IN REAL ESTATE COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: PURNAMASARI EVA , SURYATAMA KURNIAWAN
Published: December 2023

This study aims to determine if the profitability ratios represented by Return on Equity (ROE) and the solvency ratios defined by the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) have an impact on Earnings per Share (EPS) for real estate companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange securities in 2019-2021. The population in this study were all property and real estate sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). In contrast, the sample in this study was 49 companies selected using a purposive sampling technique. The analysis model used in this study is a multiple linear regression analysis models, and the analysis technique uses the partial significance test, f test, and coefficient of determination. The results showed that the debt-to-equity ratio does not significantly affect earnings per share. In comparison, the return on equity variable positively and significantly affects earnings per share.
APPLICATION OF COMMUNICATION ETHICS IN FINANCING PRODUCTS AT ISLAMIC BANKS IN GORONTALO
Authors: KONI WIWIN
Published: December 2023

This study aims to find out how to apply communication ethics in financing products at Islamic banks in Gorontalo. this type of research is field research with a qualitative approach. The data sources in this study consisted of primary and secondary data obtained from interviews with Islamic bank managers in Gorontalo, and documentation as well as those sourced from library research in the form of reading books and other sources relevant to this research. This study resulted in the findings that the application of the principles of communication ethics at Islamic banks in Gorontalo is not only a slogan, but is an integral part of the pattern of services provided. Banks and customers are parties that act as communicants and communicators in transactions on financing products at Bank Muamalat Gorontalo. All operational activities of Bank Muamalat are carried out based on provisions based on Islamic law and the MUI Fatwa.
ACCOUNTABLE REPORTING STRATEGIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ZAKAT, INFAQ, AND ALMS OR SHADAQAH FUNDS AT BAZNAS SIJUNJUNG DISTRICT
Authors: MISNELI MISNELI
Published: December 2023

This research aims to describe the strategy of accountable financial reports in the management of the zakat fund at Baznas in Sijunjung District. This is a descriptive qualitative analysis research study. This research took place at Baznas in Sijunjung District. This research has nothing to do with the experimental research technique. Data were collected based on the interview in the field. Data analysis was conducted through data processing, analyzing data, and data presentation. Finally, the results of the study reveal that several strategies have been implemented to increase financial reporting accountability at Baznas Sijunjung including the Application of Accounting Based on Applicable Standards, which is guided by PSAK 109 concerning accounting for Zakat, Infaq, and Alms. Implementation of Presentation of Financial Reporting Based on Applicable Standards, namely guided by PSAK 101 concerning the Presentation of Financial Reporting of Zakat, Infaq, and Alms Organizations. Implementation of Internal Audit and Implementation of an External Audit by a Registered Public Accounting Firm (KAP).
THE ROLE SHARIA FINTECH TO SUPPORT HALAL INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA
Authors: ISMAWATI ISMAWATI , TRIMULATO TRIMULATO , MUHLIS MUHLIS , MUSDALIFAH MUSDALIFAH
Published: December 2023

The purpose research to show growth sharia fintech, as well as analysis forms supporting sharia fintech improving halal industry in Indonesia. Research method used qualitative with literature study. Sources data used are secondary data has been presented certain institutions and then processed by researchers. Such as data from Financial Services Authority, Bank Indonesia, and other Data collection techniques used libraries from several sources are considered relevant. Data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. Results study indicate development sharia fintech period 2019 to 2020 sharia fintech assets 4.474,86. Sharia fintech lending players 10. Sharia fintech can support development halal industry, with easy access, including Halal SMEs. Multipayment fintech can be a means of payment for business. Sharia fintech Peer to Peer (P2P) Lending will provide access capital, as well as investment facilities. Type sharia crowdfunding fintech provides access joint funds finance halal industry so actors can be helped increase their business.
Platycranus metriorrhynchus: A new Mediterranean plant bug in Hungary (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha: Miridae: Orthotylinae)
Authors: Kóbor Péter
Published: December 2023

Platycranus metriorrhynchus Reuter, 1883, the first representative of the predominantly Holomediterranean plant bug genus, Platycranus Fieber, 1870 is reported as a new element of the Hungarian true bug fauna. Diagnostic characters and bionomics of the species are discussed.
Identifying the microstructure and mechanical properties of expansive soil stabilized using fly ash and waste foundry sand
Authors: Gunarti Anita Setyowati Srie , Zaika Yulvi , Munawir As’ad , Suryo Eko Andi , Harimurti Harimurti
Published: December 2023

Expansive soil causes road construction damage in the form of cracks or deformations due to changes in moisture content. One method to address this issue is soil stabilization using additive materials. Special additives can sometimes be expensive; hence it is necessary to use additive materials based on industrial waste as a waste management solution to solve the problem of expansive soil as a road construction subgrade. This study aims to analyze the effects of adding two types of industrial waste, namely fly ash (FA) and waste foundry sand (WFS), regarding the microstructure, physical, and mechanical properties of expansive soil. The method of stabilizing expansive soil involves mixing the soil with 9 % FA and various levels of WFS (0 %, 7.5 %, 10 %, 15 %) based on the dry weight of the soil. Microstructure testing includes quantitative X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Physical property testing includes specific gravity, Atterberg limits and sieve analysis. Mechanical testing, i.e. compaction, California Bearing Ratio, swelling, and Triaxial tests were conducted. Soil stabilized with 9 % FA and 15 % WFS shows a significant increase in the internal friction angle and cohesion, reducing swelling by 67.18 % compared to the original soil swelling. The addition of 9 % fly ash and 15 % WFS to expansive soil reduces the content of montmorillonite. Natural expansive soils have a very poor soaked CBR of 0.94 %, while stabilized soils with 9 % FA and 15 % WFS have a soaked CBR of 6.46 %. This means that the soaked CBR of the stabilized soil meets the minimum CBR required for road subgrade construction. A mixture of 9 % FA and 15 % WFS in expansive soil can be recommended as a material for stabilizing expansive soil due to its ability to improve microstructure and mechanical properties
Comparison of the moisture resistance of a steel-slag stone mastic asphalt mixture modified with Ca(OH)2
Authors: Irawati Irawati , Djakfar Ludfi , Arifin Muhammad Zainul
Published: December 2023

Stone mastic asphalt is a type of hot mix asphalt that requires much coarse aggregate, so substitution waste aggregate, such as steel slag, will be an economic reason. The problem is that there are still many things that have not been consistent in various studies related to the moisture resistance of steel slag.
The study aimed to compare the effect of Ca(OH)2 on the moisture resistance of the steel-slag stone mastic asphalt mixture and to determine the optimal Ca(OH)2 dosage for improving the mixture resistance. This study employs basalt aggregate, steel slag from Krakatau Steel Company, 60/70 penetration asphalt, a stabilizing substance made of bamboo fiber, and Ca(OH)2.
The Texas boiling and the static immersed methods are used to test the adhesion on a loose mixture. The retained Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength are used to test the adhesion on the compacted mix.
Testing result of Krakatau steel slag shows that steel slag has a much higher Fe2O3 content than steel slag in general and has low water absorption; a poor affinity for asphalt results from this. The result of the Texas boiling method showed a decrease in the percentage adhesion value between steel slag and asphalt compared to natural basalt aggregates and asphalt. Marshall Stability Ratio and Tensile Strength Ratio increased after mixing the asphalt with Ca(OH)2. Marshall test results show decreased stability in mixtures with steel slag substitution. Adding Ca(OH)2 increased stability and resistance to moisture significantly. This indicated that Ca(OH)2 enhances moisture resistance on stone mastic asphalt with modified steel slag. Stability, Marshall stability ratio, indirect tensile strength ratio, particle loss, and Texas boiling test significantly improved with adding Ca(OH)2
Determining the influence of an artificial defect on the mechanical properties of a flexible pipeline material during a rupture test
Authors: Nazarenko Sergii , Kovalenko Roman , Kalynovskyi Andrii , Pobidash Andrii , Nazarenko Volodymyr , Kravchenko Yevheniia , Shoman Olga , Danylenko Volodymyr , Sydorenko Olena
Published: December 2023

The object of research is the phenomenon of influence of hidden defects on the mechanical properties of the material of flexible pipelines. T-type pressure fire hoses with an inner diameter of 77 mm were used as test samples of flexible pipelines. During the operation of pressurized fire hydrants and their laying on vertical surfaces, they are subjected to significant bursting pressures in their longitudinal direction. That is, such operating modes of the sleeve may occur during its operation. The research was carried out on the FP 100/1 bursting machine, in which the test samples were fixed.
The dependence of the stiffness and normal elasticity of the material of the flexible pipeline on the depth and length of the artificial defect when testing it for breaking has been established. With an artificial defect depth of 0.2 mm and its length from 0 to 40 mm, the stiffness of the flexible pipeline material decreases from 573.812 kN/m to 478.276 kN/m. With the indicated values of the defect, the normal elasticity ranged from 86.46 MPa to 64.567 MPa. When the depth of the defect increases by 0.4 mm, the stiffness of the sleeve material decreases to 432.902 kN/m, and the normal elasticity decreases to 58.442 MPa.
The obtained results are explained by the fact that when the thickness of the threads of the base of the power frame is reduced by 33 %, the longitudinal stiffness and normal elasticity of the material of the flexible pipeline are reduced by 25 % and 26 %, respectively.
The results of these studies are needed in practice because they can make it possible to develop new or improve existing methods of detecting hidden defects in the material from which flexible pipelines are made
Optimization of lawele granular asphalt (LGA) performance in cold paving hot mix asbuton (CPHMA) with candlenut oil modifier
Authors: Khamelda Lila , Djakfar Ludfi , Wisnumurti Wisnumurti
Published: December 2023

Lawele Granular Asphalt (LGA) is a Buton asphalt product derived from the Lawele area in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Although it possesses great potential, LGA utilization has not been fully maximized. One of the challenges is the need for a modifier to extract asphalt from the minerals within LGA. Candlenut oil is a potential modifier that can be used with LGA in Cold Paving Hot Mix Asbuton (CPHMA) due to its similar polarity. Therefore, the aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of Lawele Granular Asphalt (LGA) with candlenut oil as a modifier in Cold Paving Hot Mix Asbuton (CPHMA).
The Marshall test was conducted to assess the performance of CPHMA with candlenut oil as a modifier. Furthermore, several variations were examined, including the quantity of the modifier, duration of heating and compaction, heating temperature, and storage duration, using seven different mixtures and three storage periods. The optimal composition produced a Marshall value of 687.68 kg, which increased with a longer mixing duration and higher heating temperature.
The results showed that the Marshall value met the standards for CPHMA in Indonesia, as well as for VIM, VMA, VFB, and Flow values. The low flow indicated the density of the CPHMA pavement, while the MQ value showed its ability to withstand deformation of 200.13 kg/1 cm. The behavior of Marshall resistance was supported by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, which exhibited similar compound groups between asphalt and the leached results of LGA with candlenut oil, indicating the presence of asphalt (binder). There was a slight decrease in the Marshall value after a 7-day duration, showing an increase after a 21-day storage period. Therefore, candlenut oil served as a viable alternative modifier for LGA
Identifying regularities of fluid throttling of an inertial hydrodynamic installation
Authors: Nussupbekov Bekbolat , Oshanov Yerlan , Ovcharov Michael , Kutum Bayan , Duisenbayeva Мoldir , Kongyrbayeva Aitkul
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of experimental research conducted on a specially designed setup for pressurizing various types of fluids through throttle orifices. To determine the optimal operating mode of the thermal system, throttle nozzles of different diameters, specifically 1.5 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm, were utilized.
One of the primary advantages of vortex heaters is their high heat exchange efficiency. This is attributed to the vortical motions and turbulence generated within the device, which promote more vigorous fluid mixing, thus enhancing heat transfer efficiency.
However, vortex heaters do have certain drawbacks. Vortical components may experience wear and require regular maintenance and replacement.
Subsequently, during the course of experimental work, an alternative inertia-based hydrodynamic system for heating heat carriers was developed and installed in a laboratory experimental facility. The research focus was on technical water. The results indicated that the static pre-pressure generated by the supply of water from the water main into the system decreases as the rotor's angular velocity increases. Experimental investigations demonstrated that rotor rotation leads to a redistribution of flow characteristics in throttle orifices for both static and dynamic inertial fluid discharge. Given that any static column of liquid results in level flow through throttle orifices, their flow static parameters were established.
Furthermore, the research revealed that with the increase in rotor angular velocity, the fluid pressure at the throttle orifices rises, while the share of fluid discharge from the initial static pressure decreases in the overall fluid flow
Determining basic characteristics of bulk carriers at the early stages of design
Authors: Demidiuk Oleksandr , Kosoy Michail , Zaiets Anastasiia
Published: December 2023

This paper considers the task to determine the basic characteristics of bulker vessels.
Available studies that define the main characteristics of ships were analyzed. The complexity of the task to choose a prototype in the process of determining the basic characteristics of bulk carriers at the initial stages of design has been shown.
The accepted assumption implied that each ship in the sample (a ship database) was designed in such a way that some operational qualities and/or economic characteristics of a vessel are optimal in a certain sense.
To solve the task, stochastic factor analysis was used, and the method of principal components was applied, which makes it possible to identify numerical characteristics that affect the parameters of the entire system but are not clearly observed. The factors were compiled that are dimensionless sets of characteristics of sample vessels, which are, in fact, new phase orthogonal coordinates of the problem with unequal variances of the sample along the coordinate directions. Evaluating the significance of correlations of factors and vectors of the sample data makes it possible to discard factors that have a weak influence on the values of the parameters of the sample vessels. Thus, the model of the problem is simplified while preserving essential connections. The analysis of the calculation data revealed that the number of significant factors due to the use of the principal component method decreased from 7 to 3. It was determined that the ships of the same designers are indeed grouped by the value of the factor sets. In the absence of an original algorithm for determining the main characteristics of the vessel at the initial stage of design, the application of the described factor analysis procedure should help with the definition of the main factors that affect the quality of the design. Further, it is possible to apply more subtle mechanisms for project optimization according to selected economic and technical parameters. The data of the numerical calculation of integrated characteristics of the ship are given
Development of the automated decision-making system synthesis method in the management of information security channels
Authors: Shmatko Olexander , Herasymov Serhii , Lysetskyi Yurii , Yevseiev Serhii , Sievierinov Оleksandr , Voitko Tetiana , Zakharzhevskyi Andrii , Makogon Helen , Nesterov Alexander , Bondarenko Kyrylo
Published: December 2023

In the process of transmission channels functioning, the results of the work of bodies for detecting and blocking information leakage channels are not sufficiently taken into account. Management of information protection channels is actually the collection and display of data followed by the assignment of influence on each information channel separately and is carried out in manual mode. In decision support systems, the tasks of identifying information leakage channels are not solved. There is a contradiction between the requirements for the automation of the management of information protection channels and the possibility of meeting these requirements at the expense of the available automation tools. Classical theory considers the decision-making process as a choice of one of many alternatives. The development of rational forms and methods of managing information protection channels should prevent threats and challenges. Therefore, the object of research is the process of ensuring security during data transmission through information channels. The main threats and challenges are man-made and natural cataclysms, terrorism, aggression by a number of states or individual groups of people, which are not taken into account in the complex in the decision-making system during the management of information protection channels. A structural diagram of information exchange based on the description of a weakly formalized process under conditions of non-stochastic uncertainty is proposed. It is proposed to use the logical-linguistic production model. For a hierarchically organized structure based on classification features, it is proposed to build a hierarchy tree that takes into account the relationships of partially ordered sets. The formed production rules for determining appropriate strategies for the planned detection of information leakage channels based on predicted values allow to proceed to knowledge processing for the synthesis of an automated decision-making system during the management of protection channels
Determining the possibility of using cold plasma for the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen oxides and the influence of activating substances on the process
Authors: Slobodyanyuk Viktor , Kuzmenko Andrii , Kudriavtsev Serhii , Tselishchev Olexii , Loriia Maryna
Published: December 2023

The process of oxidation of molecular nitrogen by high-energy oxidants, such as nitric acid vapor, products of the thermolysis of nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide, in a cold plasma stream was studied. To implement the process of obtaining nitric acid from atmospheric air using reproductive technology (Zakharov's method), the design of a reactor for obtaining nitrogen oxides by direct oxidation of nitrogen in a cold plasma stream is proposed. At the same time, it was proposed to use the effect of obtaining nitrogen oxides in an air mixture with nitric acid vapors (the Karavaev effect) and during the thermal decomposition of hydrogen peroxide with atmospheric nitrogen (the Nagiev effect). The effectiveness of the use of cold plasma for the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen was established, which is confirmed by the obtained dependences. It is shown that the amount of nitrogen oxides that are formed depends on the efficiency of the formation of a stable flow of OH- radicals in the plasma flow. It was also found that the amount of nitrogen oxides depends on the parameters of the plasma generator, the composition of the liquid used in the burner, and the amount of air supplied.
The effect of nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, and alcohols as activators of atmospheric nitrogen oxidation in a high-energy field was revealed. It was determined that when comparing three activator substances, which are able to form OH- radicals during their decomposition, it is hydrogen peroxide that is the most promising activator substance for carrying out the process of atmospheric nitrogen oxidation in the plasma flow.
The amount of nitrogen oxides formed in the cold plasma region is almost independent of the flow rate of the reaction mixture through the reactor and remains almost unchanged in a wide range of changes in flow rates from 30 to 3000 l/h
X-ray diagnostics of gunshot wounds of main vessels of the limbs: theoretical analysis
Authors: Rudenko Mykola
Published: December 2023

The analysis of damage to the main vessels of the limbs was considered for the formation of further organizational and tactical instructions for the provision of emergency medical care at the stages of evacuation of the injured to specialized wartime departments. It was determined that with the help of MSCT-angiography, signs of damage to main vessels can be accurately diagnosed, and additional information about damage to bone structures, neighbouring organs and tissues can be obtained. It is emphasized that MSCT is an effective and accurate method in the assessment of clinically significant arterial injuries of the lower extremities in case of gunshot injury. It was noted that timely diagnosis of vessels gunshot wounds can contribute to the preservation of the functionality of the limbs and the life of patients, reducing the risk of bleeding, infections and other complications. It was noted that the correct medical decisions, in particular, the correct diagnosis of gunshot injuries to blood vessels will help doctors make informed decisions regarding emergency surgical care, the choice of treatment methods and preoperative preparation.

The aim. The aim of the work is the theoretical substantiation of gunshot injuries of the main vessels of the limbs and the definition of practical diagnostic methods.

Materials and methods: analysis of theoretical sources, comparison, induction of isolated analytical data. The study was conducted based on the database of the State institution "National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery named after M. M. Amosov of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine".

Results. It was determined that with the help of MSCT-angiography, signs of damage to main vessels can be accurately diagnosed, and additional information about damage to bone structures, neighboring organs and tissues can be obtained.

Conclusions. Radiological diagnosis of gunshot injuries of the main vessels of the limbs demonstrates the importance of using radiological diagnostics in the detection and analysis of vascular injuries in gunshot injuries of the extremities. The study confirms the high efficiency of this method, its accuracy and reliability in determining the nature of damage. In addition, radiological diagnostics allows timely and accurate determination of the extent and nature of injuries, which is important for making informed clinical decisions and providing adequate medical care to the injured
Exploring ways to construction of a business bootstrapping model to equip emerging micro business in the first year of operation in South Africa
Authors: Nkwinika Eugine
Published: December 2023

In South Africa, the small, medium, and micro businesses (SMMEs) sector contributes between 52 and 57 percent of the GDP. In the coming years, it is expected that the SMME sector would provide 90 percent of the GDP and employment in South Africa. Due to barriers that prevent potential growth, more than 50 % of businesses in South Africa fail during the first five years of operation. The study examined enterprises in their first year of operation in South Africa and identified the lack of business skills and an insufficient supply of financing as contributing factors. The investigation revealed existing concepts such as Financial bootstrapping and Balance Score Card, both of which are crucial for South African enterprises during their first year of operation. A mixed research approach was chosen for the study in order to answer the research questions. The phenomenological (qualitative) and positivist (quantitative) philosophical paradigms were adopted with a determination to achieve a thorough understanding of the strength and direction of the relationship between a business skills deficit and competitiveness of businesses in the first year in South Africa and, furthermore, the development of the Business Bootstrapping Model. The study's data collection tools included semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. In relation to the data that were gathered for the study, content analysis was utilized as an analytical technique to analyse qualitative data, while SPSS was used to analyse responses to questionnaires for a quantitative study. The availability of capital and the lack of adequate financial resources to manage account receivables were found to be major hindrances to a business' sustainability in its first year of operation. Research gaps were filled by combining empirical investigations and conclusions, and this information was then used to construct the business bootstrapping model. In its initial year of operation, the business Bootstrapping Model included three elements: finance, marketing, and corporate governance. Owners of small businesses can begin generating capital using the Business Bootstrapping Model's financial component, which is a key factor in eradicating financial and liquidity obstacles. The Business Bootstrapping Model also equips business owners with the ability to plan and manage daily operations, including developing short-term financial policies for the business. Furthermore, assists in measurement capabilities for the business’s current financial performance, financial position, and anticipated future business plan. As well as providing an overview of the company's revenues and costs from operating and non-operating activities over time. Business owners are provided with the marketing skills necessary for brand positioning, preventing pricing discrimination, and getting pertinent, hard-to-get customer information and insights on social media through the marketing components of the Business Bootstrapping Model.
Comparative assessment of the surface properties of Ukrainian ash microspheres
Authors: Berehovyi Taras , Sviderskyi Valentin
Published: December 2023

The object of research is ash microspheres from the burning of hard coal in Donetsk, Lviv-Volyn (Ukraine) and foreign (South Africa) basins, power plants of various regions. The chemical and mineralogical composition of Ukrainian ash microspheres was analyzed in comparison with foreign counterparts (South Africa, Great Britain, etc.), other types of microspheres (glass, ceramic) and expanded perlite. The advantages of aluminosilicate microspheres of technogenic origin (ASM) over other lightweight fillers are noted.
One of the most problematic areas is the lack of an objective comparative assessment of Ukrainian ash microspheres in terms of the influence of the structure-forming bonds Si–O, Si–O–Si and Si–O–Al on the physicochemical properties and energy and reactivity of their surface. It was established that the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio in their composition is within 1.46–1.87 against 1.53–1.64 in South African ASM and 4.81–5.61 in swollen pearlites, which ensures the content of crystalline phases (mullite, quartz) from 36 wt. % in Trypil microspheres to 53 wt. % in Kurakhove microspheres. The latter have a minimal content of Si–O–Si bonds (the I0/I ratio in the 1029 cm–1 band is 1.25 versus 6.71 in Burstyn ASM).
The revealed features of changes in the chemical and mineralogical composition of microspheres, as well as structure-forming bonds, are fully correlated with the content of adsorbed water and OH and CH groups in the surface layer of the latter and, as a result, the energy state and reactivity of ASM. A quantitative assessment of their wettability with water (0.32–0.106) and under the condition of tgδ (0.196–0.4490) is given. The availability of such information makes it possible to clearly classify Ukrainian ash microspheres according to the degree of efficiency of use, taking into account their advantages in the composition of composite materials on various types of binders and to assess the presence of interchangeability in the context of a special situation in Ukraine.
An investigation into the financial challenges affecting the success of entrepreneurs in South Africa
Authors: Nkwinika Eugine , Olufemi Akinrinde Olawale
Published: December 2023

The object of this study is the financial difficulties that impacted the success of business owners in Hatfield, Gauteng province, South Africa. Compared to a global failure rate of 50 %, five out of every seven entrepreneurs in Hatfield, South Africa fail during the first year of operation. This study aimed at looking into the relationship between entrepreneur failure and financial literacy. The methodology employed in this study is interpretive philosophy-based qualitative research. An ethnographic research technique was also used to analyze the current economic condition of business owners in Hatfield. The population was sampled using non-probability purposive sampling techniques. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather the study's leading source of data. The primary research results are thematically examined while also considering the secondary sources. Eliminating financial and liquidity constraints was listed as a goal of financial literacy. Findings garnered revealed that financial, liquidity and credit restrictions are the primary causes of business failures in Hatfield. The lack of financial resources for new businesses in Hatfield, as revealed, prompted several liquidity issues in Hatfield, and further lowers the growth rate of Hatfield businesses. It was discovered that Hatfield's entrepreneurs usually experienced premature failure due to inadequate financial education and training. Impliedly, Hatfield business owners possessed poor cash management, defaulting on loan payments due to lack of financial education. Conversely, only few entrepreneurs and business owners in Hatfield, South Africa possess financial literacy competence with the necessary skills needed to better analyze their financial statements appropriately and increase profitability of their business. The practical implication of this finding is that, most entrepreneurs have high possibility to experience premature business liquidity when they have low or no financial literacy.
Development of a multi-criteria destruction management model for a better urban transport system quality
Authors: Kelilba Mounira , Chaib Rachid , Verzea Ion
Published: December 2023

The object of the research is the urban transport quality. The problem to be solved in the course of the study to optimize current planning systems while reducing human impact on managing daily disruptions that affect urban transport quality and citizen well-being. This will allow all buses to run on time and all users to travel in good conditions. This study aims to address the most critical problems of the growing demand for public transportation, the inability to meet these demands, and the approved ineffectiveness of existing planning.
In the course of the research, it is proposed to apply a model for managing daily disturbances that used a developed algorithm based on four major aspects. These aspects include admitting all actors into the system, collecting real-time data, processing data to manage their exploitation and destruction as quickly as possible, and even achieving an ideal operational strategy to handle potential disruptions to the system.
Authors’ proposal for achieving this goal involves two types of hardware and software architectures, taking into consideration the use of modern technological innovations and their potential application. While ensuring a good flow of information, which contributes greatly to the proper functioning of the network and even to the proper management of disturbances in real-time. To validate this work, it is possible to simulate an application of this model on an existing situation of a transport line in the city of Constantine (Algeria), already studied in a previous study to see the evolution of the situation in terms of quality reflected by the journey time.
As a result of the research, it is shown that positive feedback and improvement were observed after the first simulation of the application. This result only encourages the application of this proposed approach, which could ensure a better quality of service offered to the users. In the future, the application of this proposed approach could be the revolution of the field of urban transport in Algeria, which is the pillar of the viability, productivity, and efficiency of a city and the well-being of the citizens.
Determination of the heat transfer coefficient between pellets and air during the modernization of a pelletizing tower based on industrial research
Authors: Nichvolodin Kostiantyn , Sklabinskyi Vsevolod
Published: December 2023

The object of research is the heat transfer coefficient between pellets and air flow in industrial granulation towers. The problem lies in the difficulty of optimizing the heat transfer process. As a result of experiments and analysis, it was shown that each granulating tower for the production of mineral fertilizers has unique properties that significantly affect the efficiency of heat transfer. There are general mathematical models, but for accurate modeling and optimization of heat transfer, the unique characteristics of each production must be taken into account. The results showed that creating an accurate mathematical model for each specific fertilizer production is a difficult task due to the large number of unmeasured or difficult to reconcile factors.
The method of calculating the heat transfer coefficient for the granulator tower obtained in the course of the work derives from a set of researches on the production of mineral fertilizers. This approach is based on the analysis of technical parameters and granulation composition of the product. The developed method makes it possible to reliably ensure the operating conditions of the device during modernization and changes in production volumes. These results are important for both practical and theoretical purposes. They can be used to accurately predict the operating conditions of equipment during modification and productivity growth. According to the research results, this approach allows obtaining fairly reliable data for forecasting the thermodynamic conditions of the tower equipment in the event of its modernization and transition of the granulation tower to the production of an increased amount of products. The specified method was tested in calculations of production modernization at urea production plants (Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative (Iffco), India), Rustavi Azot LLC (Georgia), Grodno Azot LLC (Republic of Belarus) and others. This method has proven to be quite reliable in predicting the possible need for an additional amount of air supplied to the tower and forming requirements for the operating parameters of rotary vibrating granulators in the event of a significant increase in the load on the float in the tower and an increase in the amount of products planned for release.
Establishing thermal balance during the cooling system improvement of an air-cooled engine
Authors: Mekroud Abdessalem , Bidi Lyas , Boukebbab Salim , Boulahlib Mohamed Salah , Chaib Rachid
Published: December 2023

The object of research is the air-cooling system, for F4L912 direct injection diesel engine (mounted on the bench), manufactured by the Motor Enterprise (EMO). It is a naturally aspirated inline 4-cylinder engine. Maximum engine power is 49 kW obtained at maximum speed rotation of 2300 rpm. Air cooling is a critical aspect of engine performance, and studying it experimentally can provide valuable insights into the engine's thermal behaviour and efficiency. One of the most problematic places is the high local temperature of the 4th cylinders sleeves. An innovative improvement of the cooling system is proposed. It is based on increasing the cooling air flow. It consists in the installation of new driving pulleys of the blowing turbine with different diameters. The use of these new pulleys allowed moderating the wall temperature of the liner and the cylinder head of the 4th cylinder and the thermal rebalancing of the engine. Significant improvements have been noted in cylinder wall temperature, exhaust gas temperature, and lubricating oil temperature. Drawing up the heat balance enabled us to quantify the useful work, the heat lost in the cooling water, the heat lost through the exhaust gases, the heat carried away by the lubricating oil and other losses (losses not accounted for). It is clear from the results that the high temperature in the engine has indeed been reduced and the cooling performance of the whole engine has been improved. The results show that the increase in airflow produced an improvement in cooling conditions as well as a reduction in exhaust gas temperatures which will have a significant impact on reducing NOx emissions. In future work, it is planned to improve the cooling system of the Emo F4L912 engine, by studying the effects of the geometry, number, and inclination of the turbine blades on the air flow supplied.
Development of oil extraction screening methodology taking into account innovative methods using the example of the Ukrainian field
Authors: Martus Olena , Cvetkovic Branimir
Published: December 2023

The object of research in the paper is the process of fluid transfer through the pore space of the reservoir rock. The traditional method of estimating oil recovery by flooding has a large number of uncertainties. In this study, to address limitations of the current approach to determining oil production, let’s introduce a systematic algorithm aimed at enhancing result precision.
The methodology for calculating the oil recovery coefficient for determining the amount of oil that can be extracted by flooding is presented. In this work, the step-by-step process of determining the oil recovery coefficient was analytically established, which achieves a certain degree of accuracy due to the inclusion of a number of methods of calculation of scientists from different countries of the world. In particular, the lithofacies distribution of the reservoir using the kriging method, the use of a representative elementary volume (REV) to increase the accuracy of determining the irreducible water saturation of each facies, and the use of the Buckley-Leverett equation in the calculation of the oil recovery coefficient are proposed. The number of facies (sandstone, argillaceous sandstone, siltstone) was determined on the example of the B-16n horizon of the «Ukrainian deposit» and the oil recovery coefficients were calculated for each separately (0.53, 0.47, 0.29). Further determination of the average oil recovery coefficient is described in the researched and requires close integration of the obtained data in three-dimensional space, as it allows to calculate the fraction of facies content in the reservoir volume.
The use of the proposed action algorithm will help to build a more reliable three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, will lead to a much lower degree of uncertainty of reservoir properties, and in particular irreducible water saturation, as well as more accurate distribution of lithological properties using kriging. Also, this methodology for calculating the oil recovery coefficient involves the use of the Buckley-Leverett equation and fractional flow curves, the data of which are based on relative permeabilities and depend on the irreducible water saturation determined in the laboratory for each lithofacies.
These techniques justify the collection of additional core material, the importance of lithofacies dismemberment of the formation and are closely integrated in the three-dimensional space, which makes it possible to simulate the existing processes, reproduce the proposed methodology and perform the forecast.