bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of manure injection on spatial variability in soil nitrate, carbon, and small grain growth
Authors: Hilfiker Derek R. , Maguire Rory O. , Ferreira Gonzalo , Thomason Wade E. , Stewart Ryan D.
Published: December 2023

Manure injection alters the spatial distribution of manure by concentrating it in a subsurface band which can lead to differential soil nutrient distribution and growth in small grains. This study assessed the effects of fall manure applications on soil NO3‐N, active carbon, and small grain growth compared to broadcasting and a no manure control. Soil samples were taken to represent whole plot soil means for all treatments, while in‐band (IB) and between‐band (BB) soil samples were taken in injected plots to assess nutrient spatial distribution after injection. Small grain forage samples were also taken IB and BB to assess the effects of manure injection on small grain growth. Soil samples were analyzed for NO3‐N, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), and carbon mineralization (C‐min), while small grain dry matter (DM) yield and forage quality parameters were measured from plant samples. Manure injection did not result in any differences between whole plot injection and broadcast soil NO3‐N concentrations. However, injection resulted in initially elevated soil NO3‐N concentrations IB compared to BB. There were no differences in soil POXC or C‐min under manured versus unmanured soils, nor between IB and BB samples. Manure injection did not increase small grain DM yield or forage quality compared to broadcasting, nor were these measurements altered IB and BB. Even though manure injection altered the spatial distribution of soil NO3‐N, it did not affect soil C‐min, POXC, or small grain growth under the conditions seen in this study. Therefore, differential small grain growth and quality is likely not a concern under injection.
Post‐translational modifications linked to preclinical Alzheimer's disease–related pathological and cognitive changes
Authors: Abiose Olamide , Rutledge Jarod , Moran‐Losada Patricia , Belloy Michael E. , Wilson Edward N. , He Zihuai , Trelle Alexandra N. , Channappa Divya , Romero America , Park Jennifer , Yutsis Maya V. , Sha Sharon J. , Andreasson Katrin I. , Poston Kathleen L. , Henderson Victor W. , Wagner Anthony D. , Wyss‐Coray Tony , Mormino Elizabeth C.
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION

In this study, we leverage proteomic techniques to identify communities of proteins underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk among clinically unimpaired (CU) older adults.

METHODS

We constructed a protein co‐expression network using 3869 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins quantified by SomaLogic, Inc., in a cohort of participants along the AD clinical spectrum. We then replicated this network in an independent cohort of CU older adults and related these modules to clinically‐relevant outcomes.

RESULTS

We discovered modules enriched for phosphorylation and ubiquitination that were associated with abnormal amyloid status, as well as p‐tau181 (M4: β = 2.44, p < 0.001, M7: β = 2.57, p < 0.001) and executive function performance (M4: β = −2.00, p = 0.005, M7: β = −2.39, p < 0.001).

DISCUSSION

In leveraging CSF proteomic data from individuals spanning the clinical spectrum of AD, we highlight the importance of post‐translational modifications for early cognitive and pathological changes.
Family therapy and infant mental health: exploring the potential space
Authors: Opie Jessica E. , McIntosh Jennifer E.
Published: December 2023

For this special issue, we sought perspectives on the contributions of the infant to their family's development, including recovery from intergenerational trauma and the contribution of the family to the infant's relational security. This special issue features a series of 12 invited papers from a diverse group of professionals, including infant mental health specialists, Indigenous and non‐Indigenous family therapists, academic family therapy teaching staff, and developmental psychology and systemic researchers. The contributions span several methodologies – ranging from curated conversations and qualitative research to conceptual insights, theoretical discussions, intervention reports, and new intergenerational empirical data. Through this editorial, we provide a brief overview of the collective works, spotlighting the invaluable synergistic contributions that infant mental health and family therapy approaches provide, while highlighting the untapped potential at their intersection.
MIL‐68(In)‐derived In2O3/In2S3/C: In situ synthesis and efficient visible‐light photocatalytic H2O2 generation
Authors: Zhang Xia , Qiao Haimeng , Zhang Qi , Hu Wanruo , Sun Zhongqiao , Han Yide , Meng Hao
Published: December 2023

Photocatalytic reduction of O2 to generate H2O2 shows an excellent environment friendly nature and the controllable H2O2 concentrations and is found the prospect of applications in H2O2‐assisted redox. In this paper, MIL‐68(In) is chosen as a sacrifice precursor to construct a multi‐component photocatalyst of In2O3/In2S3/C by integrated in situ sulfidation and pyrolysis routes. The resulting In2O3/In2S3/C inherited the geometry of MIL‐68(In) and represents the hollow microtube with rough surface. The photocatalytic activity of the In2O3/In2S3/C in H2O2 generation is investigated systematically, and the contrast tests were conducted over the In2S3/MIL‐68 synthesized by in situ sulfidation but without subsequent pyrolysis, to explore the advantages of the In2O3/In2S3/C heterostructure. The best photocatalytic H2O2 evolution is observed by the In2O3/In2S3/C with a value of 934.6 μmol/L within 1 h, which is higher than that by In2S3/MIL‐68 and other previously reported photocatalysts. The photoelectrochemical analyses and ESR measurements clarify that contact heterojunction and matched band potentials are responsible for the effective separation of electrons and holes, and the O2·‐ are the main active species in the photocatalytic H2O2 evolution. The outstanding photocatalytic activity, structure stability, and the easily regulated H2O2 concentrations render the In2O3/In2S3/C the prospect applications in the H2O2‐assisted redox reactions.
Value co‐creation in cultural heritage information practices: Literature review and future agenda: An Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) paper
Authors: Zhao Yuxiang Chris , Lian Jingwen , Zhang Yan , Song Shijie , Yao Xinlin
Published: December 2023

Value co‐creation as a research topic has been a critical proposition of interest to a wide range of disciplines. In recent years, the field of cultural heritage has also developed a range of information practices to promote different forms of value co‐creation. While the body of literature has begun to accumulate, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of conceptual foundations and how value co‐creation is implemented in cultural heritage information practices. This paper conducted a hermeneutic literature review to understand and conceptualize the core aspects of value co‐creation in various cultural heritage information works. In particular, this paper provides a research mapping of the genres of co‐creation in cultural heritage information practices, the actors, and the roles played by the stakeholders. Further, this review provides an overview of the dominant value co‐creation models in the cultural heritage field. It distills the drivers of value co‐creation and the core value consequences that arise from a process perspective. Finally, this paper puts forward a thematic, theoretical, and methodological agenda for future work based on these findings. The review contributes to the literature by proposing an integrated conceptual framework that summarizes the core elements of value co‐creation in cultural heritage information practices. The framework also serves as a call for action, providing a general understanding of the conceptual foundation for future research.
Design of a high‐power collimating optical system based on Fresnel lenses
Authors: Sun Chang Cheng , Zhang Yun Cui , Wang Yan , Chen Ai Lin , Xu Zhe , Zou Yanqiu , Xu Jiyu , Wang Shuai
Published: December 2023

In light‐emitting diode (LED) illumination (e.g., LED maritime lighting for ships), creating a uniform light environment for optical systems is an important challenge. In this study, we present a high‐power collimating system based on Fresnel lenses, which allows high‐brightness LED illumination in the earlier‐mentioned remote distance. The work presented in this article focuses on improving the power, compacting the optical structure, and promoting the brightness of the spot. To prove the claims, the system with a total power of 1 kW is designed. The system consists of a 27 W LED array, a freeform surface lens array, and a confocal Fresnel lens array. In comparison with the traditional optical system, the optical structure shortens from 390 to 120 mm, and the divergent angle decreases from 3° to 2. Meanwhile, the illuminance of the system is obtained as high as 230 lx at the near field of 200 m and 3.0 lx at the far field of 1.5 nautical miles. This new method provides a practical and effective way to solve the problem of low power, insufficient illuminance, and long optical structure for LED array illumination, which is suitable for remote illumination and guidance of ships.
REVERBA couples the circadian clock to Leydig cell steroidogenesis
Authors: Baburski Aleksandar Z. , Becin Alisa P. , Travicic Dijana Z. , Medar Marija L J. , Andric Silvana A. , Kostic Tatjana S.
Published: December 2023

The involvement of the molecular clock in regulating cell physiological processes on a specific time scale is a recognized concept, yet its specific impact on optimizing androgen production in Leydig cells has been unclear. This study aimed to confirm the role of the REVERBA (NR1D1) gene in controlling the transcription of key genes related to Leydig cell steroid production. We investigated daily variations by collecting Leydig cells from rats at various times within a 24‐h period. Chromatin immunoprecipitation study showed a time‐dependent pattern for genes linked to steroid production (Nur77, Star, Cyp11a1, and Cyp17a1), which closely matched the 24‐h REVERBA levels in Leydig cells, peaking between zeitgeber time (ZT) 7–11. To understand the physiological significance of REVERBA's interaction with promoters of steroidogenesis‐related genes, Leydig cells from rats at two different times (ZT7 and ZT16; chosen based on REVERBA expression levels), were treated with either an agonist (GSK4112) or an antagonist (SR8278). The results revealed that the REVERBA agonist stimulated gene transcription, while the antagonist inhibited it, but only when REVERBA was sufficiently present, indicating a reliance on REVERBA's circadian fluctuation. Moreover, this REVERBA‐dependent stimulation had a clear impact on testosterone production in the culture medium, underscoring REVERBA's involvement in the circadian regulation of testosterone. This study indicates that REVERBA, in addition to being a core component of the cellular clock, plays a key role in regulating androgen production in Leydig cells by influencing the transcription of critical steroidogenesis‐related genes.
Sustainable practices in the animal health industry: A stakeholder‐based view
Authors: Saha Krishnendu , Yarnall Matt , Paladini Stefania
Published: December 2023

The animal health industry provides treatments and pharmaceuticals for live animal welfare and it is essential to ensure food security and meet sustainable development goals (SDGs). Still, its complexity makes it difficult to identify the driving factors in the adoption of sustainability practices let alone offer recommendations to foster their implementation, resulting in a comparative lack of academic research in this area and several gaps in the overall comprehension of the phenomenon. Building on the stakeholder theoretical framework and adopting multi‐country field research, this article offers both a theoretical and empirical contribution, highlighting the role of stakeholder perceptions in driving the adoption of ESI (environmental sustainable initiatives) and emphasising the need for effective communication, transparency and a consistent educational framework. Our findings also demonstrate that, by adopting overarching sustainability approaches such as the ‘One Health’ philosophy, animal health firms can integrate environmental sustainability initiatives into their operations, embedding the expectations and priorities of various stakeholders. This holistic approach will not only promote the well‐being of animals and humans but also help protect ecosystems and ensure the long‐term viability of the veterinary pharmaceutical industry.
Viability of sustainable logistics practices enabling circular economy: A system dynamics approach
Authors: Jayarathna Chamari Pamoshika , Agdas Duzgun , Dawes Les
Published: December 2023

Transitioning toward a circular economy (CE) offers a promising avenue for achieving sustainable logistics systems. Nevertheless, the assessment of sustainable logistics practices (SLPs) in the CE context presents challenges due to the inherent dynamism and complexity of logistics systems. This study aims to assess SLPs toward a CE by employing a system dynamics analysis. Specifically, we focus on four sustainability practices: green purchasing (GP), eco‐design (ED), reverse logistics (RL), and green transportation (GT). These practices are assessed in terms of economic, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainability performance using a hypothetical case study centered on pallet manufacturing and distribution system. The results revealed that the RL practice yields improved economic and social performance, while GT enhances environmental performance more significantly when compared to the other three practices. Our analysis shows RL as a promising practice that enhances overall sustainability performance. This model serves as a valuable tool for decision‐makers aiding them in the prioritization of sustainability practices based on their performance within various CE strategies.
Schwann cells acquire a repair phenotype after assembling into spheroids and show enhanced in vivo therapeutic potential for promoting peripheral nerve repair
Authors: Chen Shih‐Heng , Wang Hsin‐Wen , Yang Pei‐Ching , Chen Shih‐Shien , Ho Chia‐Hsin , Yang Pei‐Ching , Kao Ying‐Chi , Liu Shao‐Wen , Chiu Han , Lin Yu‐Jie , Chuang Er‐Yuan , Huang Jen‐Huang , Kao Huang‐Kai , Huang Chieh‐Cheng
Published: December 2023

The prognosis for postinjury peripheral nerve regeneration remains suboptimal. Although transplantation of exogenous Schwann cells (SCs) has been considered a promising treatment to promote nerve repair, this strategy has been hampered in practice by the limited availability of SC sources and an insufficient postengraftment cell retention rate. In this study, to address these challenges, SCs were aggregated into spheroids before being delivered to an injured rat sciatic nerve. We found that the three‐dimensional aggregation of SCs induced their acquisition of a repair phenotype, as indicated by enhanced levels of c‐Jun expression/activation and decreased expression of myelin sheath protein. Furthermore, our in vitro results demonstrated the superior potential of the SC spheroid‐derived secretome in promoting neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglion neurons, enhancing the proliferation and migration of endogenous SCs, and recruiting macrophages. Moreover, transplantation of SC spheroids into rats after sciatic nerve transection effectively increased the postinjury nerve structure restoration and motor functional recovery rates, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of SC spheroids. In summary, transplantation of preassembled SC spheroids may hold great potential for enhancing the cell delivery efficiency and the resultant therapeutic outcome, thereby improving SC‐based transplantation approaches for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration.
Anatomical consideration of ultrasonography‐guided intraoral injection for temporal tendinitis
Authors: Kim Soo‐Bin , Bae Hyungkyu , Lee Kang‐Woo , Hu Kyung‐Seok , Abe Shinichi , Kim Hee‐Jin
Published: December 2023

Temporal tendinitis is characterized by acute inflammation often resulting from mechanical stress, such as repetitive jaw movements associated with jaw opening and closing and teeth clenching. Treatment for temporal tendinitis typically involves the administration of local anesthetic or corticosteroid injections. However, the complex anatomical structure of the coronoid process, to which the temporalis tendon attaches, located deep within the zygomatic arch, poses challenges for accurate injections. In this study, we aimed to establish guidelines for the safe and effective treatment of temporal tendinitis by using intraoral ultrasonography (US) to identify the anatomical structures surrounding the temporalis tendon and coronoid process. US was performed using an intraoral transducer on 58 volunteers without temporomandibular joint disease. The procedure involved placing the transducer below the occlusal plane of the maxillary second molar. Measurements were taken for the horizontal distance from the anterior border of the coronoid process, observed at the midpoint (MP) of the US images, and the depth of the coronoid process and temporalis muscle from the oral mucosa. The anterior border of the coronoid process was visualized on all US images and classified into three observed patterns at the MP: type A (anterior to the MP, 56.2%), type B (at the MP, 16.1%), and type C (posterior to the MP, 27.7%). The temporalis muscle was located at a mean depth of 3.12 ± 0.68 mm from the oral mucosa. The maxillary second molar is an intraoral landmark for visualizing the anterior border of the coronoid process. The new location information obtained using intraoral US could help identify the safest and most effective injection sites for the treatment of temporal tendinitis.
Millennials' brand legitimacy judgements amid a global crisis: A deeply rooted affair
Authors: Nkuna Khanyisa Brenda , Erasmus Alet C. , Olivier Johan
Published: December 2023

Many established clothing brands did not survive the global COVID‐19 pandemic, while some unexpectedly departed from countries such as South Africa which is a gateway for clothing imports in Africa. This raised questions about consumers' legitimacy perceptions of clothing brands, hence brands' worthiness of support during trying times. This study subsequently investigated Millennials' beliefs about clothing brands' appropriateness (pragmatic legitimacy); ethical worthiness, and potential to support self‐worth (cognitive legitimacy), arguing that this cohort, based on considerable market size and particular interest in clothing, significantly influences brands' survival in the marketplace. Uniquely integrating the Classical Delphi Technique, a focus group discussion and Means‐End‐Chain (MEC) analysis in a 3‐phase mixed method endeavour (involving N = 53; N = 10 and N = 350 participants respectively), the study identified Millennials' preferred clothing brand attributes and the related consequences associated with brands worthy of support. Using MEC's series of hierarchical value maps, findings were translated in terms of the underlying predominant values that direct Millennials' brand choices. ‘Hedonism’ and ‘security’ subsequently emerged as the predominant personal values—per Schwartz's (1994) value continuum—that drive Millennials' brand legitimacy inferences, suggesting pertinent approaches in retail to satisfy consumers' needs. Recommendations for future research include a differentiation of gender differences, and other demographic segments to facilitate market segmentation, and a follow‐up quantitative study. Implications for retail and business strategy are presented.
Novel Bidentate Amine Ligand and the Interplay between Pd(II) and Pt(II) Coordination and Biological Activity
Authors: Oliveira Laiane S. , Rosa Letícia B. , Affonso Daniele D. , Santos Igor A. , Da Silva Jennyfer C. , Rodrigues Gustavo C. , Harris Mark , Jardim Ana Carolina G. , Nakahata Douglas H. , Sabino José R. , de Carvalho João E. , Miguel Danilo C. , Ruiz Ana Lucia T. G. , Abbehausen Camilla
Published: December 2023

Pt(II) and Pd(II) coordinating N‐donor ligands have been extensively studied as anticancer agents after the success of cisplatin. In this work, a novel bidentate N‐donor ligand, the N‐[[4‐(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]methyl]‐2‐pyridinemethanamine, was designed to explore the antiparasitic, antiviral and antitumor activity of its Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes. Chemical and spectroscopic characterization confirm the formation of [MLCl2] complexes, where M=Pt(II) and Pd(II). Single crystal X‐ray diffraction confirmed a square‐planar geometry for the Pd(II) complex. Spectroscopic characterization of the Pt(II) complex suggests a similar structure. 1H NMR, 195Pt NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS(+) analysis of DMSO solution of complexes indicated that both compounds exchange the chloride trans to the pyridine for a solvent molecule with different reaction rates. The ligand and the two complexes were tested for in vitro antitumoral, antileishmanial, and antiviral activity. The Pt(II) complex resulted in a GI50 of 10.5 μM against the NCI/ADR‐RES (multidrug‐resistant ovarian carcinoma) cell line. The ligand and the Pd(II) complex showed good anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 activity with around 65 % reduction in viral replication at a concentration of 50 μM.
Assessing the effect of cultural practices on Mississippi corn production: 1. Grain yield
Authors: Dew James , Li Xiaofei , Oglesby Camden , Fox Amelia A. A. , Sharma Ramandeep Kumar , Singh Gurbir , McCoy Justin , Kaur Gurpreet , Gajula Praveen , Dhillon Jagmandeep
Published: December 2023

Improved management strategies are needed to increase corn (Zea mays L.) production. This study aimed to determine suitable cultural practices for improved corn production in Mississippi. Two experiments were setup side‐by‐side (addition/deletion) at Verona and Stoneville, MS, from 2020 to 2022. A randomized complete block design was implemented that included two row configurations (single‐ and twin‐row), two plant populations (32,000 and 40,000 plants acre−1), and six combinations of nutrients with or without a fungicide. Nutrients including nitrogen (N) 210 and 280 lb acre−1, phosphorus (P) 40 lb acre−1, potassium (K) 100 lb acre−1, elemental sulfur (S) 20 lb acre−1, zinc (Zn) 10 lb acre−1, and fungicide at 3.72 oz acre−1 were applied. In the addition trial, nutrients plus fungicide were added incrementally, whereas in the deletion trial these were withheld in a stepwise manner. Among the tested factors, row configuration impacts were the most consistent among all site‐years; specifically, twin‐rows resulted in higher yield compared to single‐row. Additionally, higher plant population under irrigated conditions (Stoneville) resulted in greater yield compared to rainfed conditions (Verona). Higher rate of N and fungicide application affected grain yield positively, but these agronomic benefits were not economically feasible. This study determined that application of different nutrients can enhance the yield to a limited extent, and farmers should consider the economic investment of fertilizer and fungicides. Moreover, producers should balance yield and profit by taking soil testing and fertilizer prices into consideration.
Switchable Redox and Thermo‐Responsive Supramolecular Polymers Based on Cyclodextrin‐Polyoxometalate Tandem
Authors: Khlifi Soumaya , Yao Sa , Falaise Clément , Bauduin Pierre , Guérineau Vincent , Leclerc Nathalie , Haouas Mohamed , Salmi‐Mani Hanene , Roger Philippe , Cadot Emmanuel
Published: December 2023

Supramolecular polymers built from stimuli‐responsive host‐guest interactions represent an attractive way of tailoring smart materials. Herein, we exploit the chaotropic effect of polyoxometalates and related host‐guest properties to design unconventional polymer systems with reversible redox and thermo‐responsive sol‐gel transition. These supramolecular networks result from the association of cyclodextrin‐based oligomers and Keggin‐type POMs acting as electro‐active crosslinking agents. The structure and the dynamics of such self‐assembly systems have been investigated using a multiscale approach involving MALDI‐TOF, viscosity measurements, cyclic voltammetry, 1H‐NMR (1D and DOSY), and Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering. Our results reveal that the chaotropic effect corresponds to a powerful and efficient force that can be used to induce responsiveness in hybrid supramolecular oligomeric systems.
Ru(II)‐Catalyzed ortho C—H Allylation of N‐Aryl‐7‐azaindoles with 2‐Methylidene Cyclic Carbonate
Authors: Zhang Jing , Luo Quan‐Jian , Wang Han‐Chi , Li Jin‐Heng , Sun Bo
Published: December 2023

Comprehensive Summary

A Ru(II)‐catalyzed ortho allylation reaction of N‐aryl‐7‐azaindole with readily available 2‐methylidene cyclic carbonate has been developed. This reaction is an effective pathway for synthesizing 7‐azaindole derivatives with a wide scope of substrates and high yields. In addition, the method can be extended to the allylation of other heterocyclic compounds and several cyclic carbonates, highlighting the practicality of this strategy for synthesis.
Organic Synthesis through Radical Innovation: Frustrated Radical Pairs†
Authors: Hu Zhibin , Cheng Zengrui , Jiao Ning
Published: December 2023

Frustrated Lewis Pairs (FLPs) represent a unique class of interactions in Lewis acid‐base chemistry, driven by spatial hindrance or incongruent orbital energy levels that hinder the formation of effective coordination bonds. FLPs have received significant attention for their application in activating small molecules and facilitating organic synthesis reactions. Recent developments have led to the emergence of Frustrated Radical Pairs (FRPs) as an extension of the radical family. FRPs are formed from FLPs through Single Electron Transfer (SET) and exhibit the ability to activate a variety of chemical bonds. While research on FLPs is well‐established, investigations into FRPs in organic reactions remain limited. This review highlights the current state of FRPs in organic synthesis, delves into mechanistic insights, explores their potential, and underscores the challenges in this emerging field.
Interleukin‐4 and Interleukin‐17 are associated with coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Chenyang , Liu Sheng , Yang Yunxiao , Kamronbek Raimov , Ni Siyao , Cheng Yunjiu , Zhou Can , Yan Huiyuan , Li Li , Liu Hao , Wang Yu , Qin Yanwen , Yin Chengqian , Zhang Ming
Published: December 2023

Introduction

The present study aimed to examine the correlation between serum cytokine levels and the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), a leading cause of mortality globally, which is known to have a strong association with inflammatory factors. The study further sought to determine the predictors of CAD to distinguish patients with coronary artery lesions from those suspected of having CAD.

Methods and Results

In this study, 487 patients who underwent coronary angiography as a result of suspected CAD but without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were recruited. The serum levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ were measured using a multiplexed particle‐based flow cytometric assay technique. The results of the study revealed that the levels of IL‐4, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, IFN‐α, and IFN‐γ in the CAD group were significantly lower compared to those in the non‐CAD group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that two serum cytokines (IL‐4 and IL‐17), one protective factor (high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL‐C]), and three risk factors (sex, smoking, and diabetes) were independently predictive of CAD. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the combined use of these predictors in a multivariate model demonstrated good predictive performance for CAD, as evidenced by an area under the curve value of 0.826.

Conclusion

The results of the study indicated that serum IL‐4 and IL‐17 levels serve as independent predictors of CAD. The risk prediction model established in the research, which integrates these serum cytokines (IL‐4 and IL‐17) with relevant clinical risk factors (gender, smoking, and diabetes) and the protective factor HDL‐C, holds the potential to differentiate patients with CAD from those suspected of having CAD but without AMI.
Urologist practice divestment from radiation vault ownership and treatment patterns for prostate cancer
Authors: Faraj Kassem S. , Kaufman Samuel R. , Herrel Lindsey A. , Maganty Avinash , Oerline Mary K. , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K.
Published: December 2023

Background

Urologists practicing in single‐specialty groups with ownership in radiation vaults are more likely to treat men with prostate cancer. The effect of divestment of vault ownership on treatment patterns is unclear.

Methods

A 20% sample of national Medicare claims was used to perform a retrospective cohort study of men with prostate cancer diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. Urology practices were categorized by radiation vault ownership as nonowners, continuous owners, and divested owners. The primary outcome was use of local treatment, and the secondary outcome was use of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A difference‐in‐differences framework was used to measure the effect of divestment on outcomes compared to continuous owners. Subgroup analyses assessed outcomes by noncancer mortality risk (high [>50%] vs. low [≤50%]).

Results

Among 72 urology practices that owned radiation vaults, six divested during the study. Divestment led to a decrease in treatment compared with those managed at continuously owning practices (difference‐in‐differences estimate, −13%; p = .03). The use of IMRT decreased, but this was not statistically significant (difference‐in‐differences estimate, −10%; p = .13). In men with a high noncancer mortality risk, treatment (difference‐in‐differences estimate, −28%; p < .001) and use of IMRT (difference‐in‐differences estimate, −27%; p < .001) decreased after divestment.

Conclusions

Urology group divestment from radiation vault ownership led to a decrease in prostate cancer treatment. This decrease was most pronounced in men who had a high noncancer mortality risk. This has important implications for health care reform by suggesting that payment programs that encourage constraints on utilization, when appropriate, may be effective in reducing overtreatment.
Green finance: Evidence from large portfolios and networks during financial crises and recessions
Authors: Argentiero Amedeo , Bonaccolto Giovanni , Pedrini Giulio
Published: December 2023

In this article, we study the relevance of green finance from a portfolio and a network perspective. The estimates are derived from a regularized graphical model, which allows us to deal with two important issues. First, we refer to the curse of dimensionality, as we focus on a relatively large set of companies. Second, we explicitly take into account the heavy‐tailed distributions of financial time series, which reflect the impact of crises and recessions. Focusing on a time interval spanning across well‐known tail events, from the US subprime crisis to the recent outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, we show that the selected green stocks offer a relevant contribution to the minimization of the overall portfolio risk. Moreover, they outperform the gray assets in terms of risk, profitability, and risk‐adjusted return in a statistically significant way. These findings are consistent with the estimates obtained from the network analysis. Indeed, the gray stocks exhibit a greater connection within the dynamic networks and, then, are more exposed to the risk of a greater propagation of negative spillover effects during stressed periods. Interestingly, the relevance of the green stocks increases when moving from the standard Gaussian to the leptokurtic setting. The policy implications suggested by these results induce policymakers to undertake synergistic interventions with private finance aimed at supporting a green economy and environmentally responsible companies.
The path towards sustainability: The role of internal stakeholders and management accounting in a dialogic perspective
Authors: Broccardo Laura , Mauro Sara Giovanna
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the conditions under which an international organisation has adopted a successful approach to sustainability, focusing on the engagement (and perceptions) of internal actors at the operational level and on the management accounting tools that enhance and support a dialogic approach to sustainability. This study is based on an in‐depth analysis of CNH Industrial, a leading company in sustainability commitment. Data were collected through document analysis and in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with operational managers, thus using primary and secondary data. The study reveals how the internal stakeholders' dialogue is conducted and how stakeholders' engagement is built while implementing a strategy based on sustainability, highlighting the circular top‐down and bottom‐up attitude, based on a ‘convergence approach’. In this context, management accounting systems act as dialogic accounting tools. The research pays attention to internal stakeholders, analysing the creation of dialogue even through management accounting tools, which paves the way to new sustainable opportunities with a convergence approach, and drawing a picture of the relevant factors in the path to sustainability.
Hybrid passivity‐based control of a three single‐phase star‐connected unidirectional five‐level rectifier with a space vector pulse‐width modulation algorithm for voltage balance
Authors: Cheng Hong , Yang Daokuan , Wang Cong , Wang Ning , Tian Changgeng
Published: December 2023

The unidirectional multilevel rectifier has been used in numerous industrial applications due to its reduced active power switches, higher power density, and lower cost compared to conventional bidirectional converters. Recently, the unidirectional five‐level rectifier has been proposed for its lower device stress and the potential for extension to higher levels. However, it adopts a conventional linear proportional integral (PI) control strategy and sinusoidal pulse‐width modulation (SPWM) method, resulting in a complex control structure, particularly for the balance control of the midpoint voltage, and suboptimal dynamic performance. To address this issue and enhance system's large‐scale stability, a hybrid passivity‐based control (PBC) strategy, along with a simplified mathematical model, has been proposed. The hybrid PBC control strategy includes an outer loop active disturbance rejection (ADR)‐PI controller and inner loop PBC controller, providing a simple overall control structure and strong anti‐interference ability. Additionally, a space vector pulse‐width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm has been briefly introduced and applied to further improve the recovery and balance speed of the DC‐side capacitor voltages. Simulation and experiment results have validated the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid PBC strategy and the SVPWM algorithm.
Environmental DNA reflects spatial distribution of a rare turtle in a lentic wetland assisted colonization site
Authors: Nordstrom Bethany , Budd Alyssa , Mitchell Nicola , Cornish Caitlin , Byrne Margaret , Kuchling Gerald , Jarman Simon
Published: December 2023

Conservation translocations require robust post‐release monitoring to evaluate their success, which can be challenging to implement and maintain. Monitoring techniques that can account for the dispersal and cryptic nature of translocated animals are necessary to provide critical information on persistence and distribution. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive environmental DNA (eDNA) assay specific to the critically endangered western swamp turtle (Pseudemydura umbrina), a species currently undergoing trials of assisted colonization. Actively filtering sufficient volumes of water in lentic systems is difficult due to high concentrations of clogging particulates, therefore we assessed the viability of passive sampling in a controlled environment by submerging filter membranes and directly extracting DNA. Active sampling detected P. umbrina with a 97.6% detection rate, whereas passive sampling resulted in an 8.3% detection rate. We then used a fine‐scale eDNA sampling design and radio‐tracked translocated P. umbrina at the assisted colonization wetland to investigate eDNA dispersal and spatial monitoring resolution. We detected P. umbrina at 42% (7/17) of eDNA sample sites, and the probability of a positive eDNA detection was negatively associated with the distance of P. umbrina from the sampling site, indicating limited eDNA dispersal from the source. Systems with low natural mixing and limited eDNA dispersal provide an opportunity for high‐resolution spatial and temporal monitoring via targeted eDNA approaches. This is beneficial for monitoring rare species in these systems, as such high‐resolution results can provide insights into species presence, distribution, and microhabitat use.
Implementation of offline iterative hybrid simulation based on neural networks
Authors: Gao Fukang , Tang Zhenyun , Du Xiuli
Published: December 2023

Real‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is a testing method that combines numerical simulation and physical testing, enabling large‐scale or even full‐scale tests of large and complex engineering structures using the existing experimental facilities. At present, the accuracy and stability of RTHS are limited by the loading device and numerical solution efficiency. The experimental method was improved based on the neural network, and an off‐line iterative hybrid simulation method based on neural networks was implemented. Taking the tuned damping structure as examples, the dynamic metamodels of the tuned mass damper and tuned liquid damper were established based on the long‐short time memory (LSTM) neural network, and the model was iteratively simulated globally with the 9‐story benchmark model to calculate the response of the damping structure. The error of damper reaction predicted by LSTM neural network model is within 5.16%. The global iterative method can converge after a limited number of iterations, and the peak error of the structural response is within 7.85%.
Saromacrophorins A–C, Rare Sesquiterpene‐Hydroquinone Hybrids from the Deep‐Sea‐Derived Fungus Sarocladium terricola 494 a
Authors: Xie Ya‐Ping , Wang Yuan , Zhang Kai , Liu Qing‐Mei , Yan Qing‐Xiang , Zou Zheng‐Biao , Xu Yan‐Qin , Liu Guang‐Ming , Huang Xiao‐Fang , Yang Xian‐Wen
Published: December 2023

Three new sesquiterpene‐hydroquinone hybrids, saromacrophorins A–C (1–3) were isolated from the deep‐sea‐derived fungus Sarocladium terricola 494a, along with nine known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD calculations. Noteworthily, compound 1 is a rare 5′,6′‐dihydroxymacrophorin and compound 3 is the first example of macrophorin possessing 4′S‐configuration. Compound 4 showed potent anti‐food allergic activity with an IC50 value of 18.9 μM.
Locational citizenship, exclusion and inclusion. The case of street children in Ethiopia
Authors: Adefris Dereje , Gatbel Kuany , Moss Sigrun Marie
Published: December 2023

Public space is a possible site for grounding a social psychology of citizenship. Locational citizenship speaks to the right to have a place in public space. Certain groups are however often excluded. Drawing on individual interviews and focus group discussions with street children in Gambella Town, Ethiopia, this study explores how street children talk about their lives on the street. The results demonstrate the children's lack of inclusion in locational citizenship, and how public space becomes contested space when different groups use these places in ways that clash. The children also speak to processes of inclusion, both among groups of street children, and kindness from individual adults in their environment. These children's their stories of both exclusion and inclusion are crucial to the developing social psychology of citizenship. The study emphasizes exclusion and inclusion as processes, and the children's active handling of their street life. We also problematizes the division between private and public space when the former is often no longer an available space for these children.
Multiscale dynamic time‐domain simulation of regional integrated energy considering seasonal load difference
Authors: Li Yafei , Qian Kejun , Liu Yi , Xie Ying
Published: December 2023

To improve the multiscale dynamic dispatching and distribution capacity of regional integrated energy, a multiscale dynamic time‐domain dispatching model of regional integrated energy with seasonal load difference is proposed. The master–slave game coordination planning model of regional comprehensive energy multiscale dispatching is constructed, and the difference fusion model of regional comprehensive energy multiscale dynamic dispatching is established by using the active and reactive power coordination control method according to the influence factors of voltage deviation and line overload absorption. Maximize the weight factors of the positive contribution of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power to the active distribution network. On the basis of the quantitative regulation analysis method of demand response power based on the equivalent slope of the load curve, establish an energy absorption capacity analysis model of seasonal load differentiation. On the basis of the dynamic interaction between different systems, a multiscale dynamic time‐domain analysis and dynamic simulation model of regional integrated energy is constructed by using the method of PV absorptive capacity assessment on both sides of demand uncertainty, to achieve multiscale dynamic time‐domain feature extraction of integrated energy and integrated scheduling of seasonal load differences. The simulation results show that the multiscale dynamic time‐domain allocation of regional comprehensive energy using this method improves the energy dispatching and balanced allocation capability, and the time‐domain dynamic allocation capability is good. Considering the terminal load demand and the electricity price demand formulated by the distribution network investment operators, the seasonal load response and comprehensive dispatching capability are improved.
Action mechanism of axial flow on windage loss in open shaft‐type gap with CO2
Authors: Hu Lehao , Deng Qinghua , Liu Zhouyang , Li Jun , Feng Zhenping
Published: December 2023

The windage loss in rotor‐stator gap has an important effect on rotating machinery, especially with higher rotational speed and fluid density. However, the mechanism of axial flow on windage loss in open shaft‐type gap is hardly studied in most literature. To clarify it, the influences of axial Reynolds numberReuand rotational Reynolds numberReωon skin friction coefficientCfare investigated, and flow characteristics are analyzed with different gap geometry, radius ratioη. First, the results reveal that theCfremains constant whenReuis less than 2.8 × 104and increases rapidly asReuwhenReu ≥ 2.8 × 104, which indicates that the effect of axial velocityuonCfis negligible for lowReu. The positive relative deviationΔsuggests that the axial flow makes windage loss andCfrise. Besides, a larger number of Taylor vortexes fill with gap when the effect of the centrifugal force is larger than that of the inertial force, but they gradually disappear asReu. Subsequently, theCfandΔincrease asη, highlighting that the effect ofuon windage loss andCfis more prominent for largerη. The fact that vorticity near walls is larger than that at the center of gap reveals that windage loss arises from the interaction between walls and fluid rather than the dissipation with fluid itself. Finally, the model ofCfin shaft‐type gap is proposed in differentReωranges based on numerical results, and the maximum sum of squares error of 1.02 × 10−5and minimalR2of 0.969 satisfy the requirement of fitting accuracy and indicate that the fitting model can accurately predictCf. The conclusions significantly help predict windage loss in open shaft‐type gap with axial flow, and further improve the design for generators of supercritical CO2turbine‐alternator‐compressor unit.
Heat transfer characteristics of water flow through a single rock fracture: The combined effects of shear and surface roughness
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhuang Ying , Huang Na , Jiang Yujing
Published: December 2023

An accurate understanding of the heat transfer of water through rock fractures is essential for the extraction and utilization of thermal energy from high‐temperature rock masses. A systematic numerical simulation based on the double‐rough‐walled model has been presented to investigate the shear effect on convective heat transfer in rough rock fractures. On the basis of the modified successive random additions algorithm, four different self‐affine surfaces were generated and utilized to establish the 3D double‐rough‐walled fracture models. The fluid flow and heat transfer were simulated by directly solving the Navier–Stokes equation and energy conservation equation, respectively. The combined effects of shear and surface roughness on the heat transfer were investigated. The results show that the heat within rough‐walled fractures transfers preferentially along the main fluid flow channels, and the areas of fast and slow thermal transmission fit well with the high‐ and low‐flow regions, respectively. As shear advances, the heat transfer coefficient firstly increases, then decreases slightly and finally stabilizes within a certain range, in which stabilization occurs earlier in fracture with a larger joint roughness coefficient. The effect of surface roughness on heat transfer shows an opposite trend during shearing. When the shear displacement is small, the enhancement effect of surface roughness that provides larger heat transfer areas dominates the heat transfer. As shear displacement continues to increase, this enhancement effect will be gradually weakened until the decreasing effect that bumps on the rough‐walled surface hinder the fluid flow dominates the heat transfer.
State of charge estimation for lithium‐ion battery pack based on real vehicle data and optimized backpropagation method by adaptive cross mutation sparrow search algorithm
Authors: Feng Juqiang , Cai Feng , Wu Long , Zhang Xing , Huang Kaifeng
Published: December 2023

In response to the issues of traditional backpropagation (BP) neural networks in state of charge (SOC) estimation, including easy convergence to local optima, slow convergence speed, and low accuracy, this paper proposes a novel adaptive crossover mutation strategy and dynamic sparrow search algorithm to optimize BP networks' initial values and thresholds (ACMSSA‐BP). The proposed method is based on the sparrow search algorithm, where the number of producers and scroungers is adjusted through an adaptive factor. This improvement effectively transitions the search process from extensive full exploration to localized fine‐tuning search. In the position update phase of the producers, crossover mutation and dynamic search strategies are introduced to increase the diversity of good populations, prevent the algorithm from converging to local optima, and maintain its local search capability in the later stage. Using real transportation data from coal mining flame‐proof tracked vehicles, we applied correlation theory to extract model feature parameters and constructed a training data set to estimate the SOC. The results of both static and dynamic validation experiments have indicated that the ACMSSA‐BP method has delivered impressive performance in predicting SOC, as reflected in the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and mean absolute percentage error values of less than 1.5%, 1.5%, and 1.6%, respectively. Compared with BP, SSA‐BP, CMSSA‐BP, PSO‐BP, and NARX_NN methods, the ACMSSA‐BP approach demonstrates enhanced accuracy in estimation, significant robustness, and impressive generalization capabilities.