bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients With Left Spatial Neglect Also Neglect the “Left Side” of Time
Authors: Saj Arnaud , Fuhrman Orly , Vuilleumier Patrik , Boroditsky Lera
Published: November 2013

Previous research suggests that people construct mental time lines to represent and reason about time. However, is the ability to represent space truly necessary for representing events along a mental time line? Our results are the first to demonstrate that deficits in spatial representation (as a function of left hemispatial neglect) also result in deficits in representing events along the mental time line. Specifically, we show that patients with left hemispatial neglect have difficulty representing events that are associated with the past and, thus, fall to the left on the mental time line. These results demonstrate that representations of space and time share neural underpinnings and that representations of time have specific spatial properties (e.g., a left and a right side). Furthermore, it appears that intact spatial representations are necessary for at least some types of temporal representation.
Recent Case Law Regarding Functional Behavioral Assessments
Authors: Losinski Mickey L. , Katsiyannis Antonis , Ryan Joseph B.
Published: November 2013

While functional behavioral assessments (FBAs) are currently federally mandated requirements, public schools have not been provided clear federal guidance concerning what constitutes an acceptable FBA through Individuals With Disabilities Education Act or related regulations. The purpose of this article is to examine recent rulings regarding FBAs and the implications these cases hold for students with disabilities and FBAs.
The Influence of Student Teaching Experiences on Preservice Music Teachers’ Commitments to Teaching
Authors: Kelly Steven N.
Published: November 2013

This study concerned preservice students’ commitments to teaching music by comparing potential influencing factors encountered during the student teaching experience. Specific questions were as follows: (a) How committed to teaching were preservice students at the beginning of their student teaching experiences compared with at the end of their experiences? (b) What extent do certain factors influence preservice music teachers’ commitments to teaching at the beginning and at the end of their student teaching experiences? (c) What extent do certain factors influence preservice teachers from not becoming a teacher at the end and at the beginning of their student teaching experiences? (d) What extent would an opportunity to perform on a regular basis influence a preservice teachers’ decision to become a music teacher? Participants completed a pre-/postexperience survey indicating the extent that a variety of factors may influence their commitments to teaching music. Findings showed participants remained committed to teaching after their student teaching experiences and would most likely choose to teach than perform.
Efficacy of Handheld Electronic Visual Supports to Enhance Vocabulary in Children With ASD
Authors: Ganz Jennifer B. , Boles Margot B. , Goodwyn Fara D. , Flores Margaret M.
Published: November 2013

Although electronic tools such as handheld computers have become increasingly common throughout society, implementation of such tools to improve skills in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities has lagged in the professional literature. However, the use of visual scripts for individuals with disabilities, particularly those with autism spectrum disorders, has been demonstrated to be effective, though frequently in static formats. Thus, this study involved the implementation of an alternating-treatment design to investigate the effects of tablet computer-based visual scripts on vocabulary use in three 8- to 14-year-old children with autism. Results indicated that all the participants showed increased use of verbs or nouns with the treatment materials, all the participants required less invasive prompts as the project progressed, and one participant had mixed results in the spontaneous use of nouns, increasing in their use in treatment and nontreatment conditions.
Development of a nursing intervention to prepare frail older patients for cardiac surgery (the PREDOCS programme), following phase one of the guidelines of the Medical Research Council
Authors: Ettema Roelof GA , Hoogendoorn Marga E , Kalkman Cor J , Schuurmans Marieke J
Published: November 2013

Background:

In older patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, the timely identification and preparation of patients at risk for frequent postoperative hospital complications provide opportunities to reduce the risk of these complications.

Aims:

We developed an evidence-based, multi-component nursing intervention (Prevention of Decline in Older Cardiac Surgery Patients; the PREDOCS programme) for application in the preadmission period to improve patients’ physical and psychosocial condition to reduce their risk of postoperative complications. This paper describes in detail the process used to design and develop this multi-component intervention.

Methods:

In a team of researchers, experts, cardiac surgeons, registered cardiac surgery nurses, and patients, the revised guidelines for developing and evaluating complex interventions of the Medical Research Council (MRC) were followed, including identifying existing evidence, identifying and developing theory and modelling the process and outcomes. Additionally, the criteria for reporting the development of complex interventions in healthcare (CReDECI) were followed.

Results:

The intervention is administered during a consultation by the nurse two to four weeks before the surgery procedure. The consultation includes three parts: a general part for all patients, a second part in which patients with an increased risk are identified, and a third part in which selected patients are informed about how to prepare themselves for the hospital admission to reduce their risk.

Conclusions:

Following the MRC guidelines, an extended, stepwise, multi-method procedure was used to develop the multi-component nursing intervention to prepare older patients for cardiac surgery, creating transparency in the assumed working mechanisms. Additionally, a detailed description of the intervention is provided.
Unlocking funding for childhood diabetes in the UK
Authors: Vizard Mark
Published: November 2013

The evolution of the Best Practice Tariff (BPT) for paediatric diabetes can help clinicians unlock funding for what are currently under-resourced services for childhood diabetes. To drive up the quality of care for children and young people with diabetes in the UK, the NHS must recognise the value of building robust data sets, and embrace technologies that enable such data to be shared and maximised across the system. Greater use of technologies that are developed in collaboration with clinicians to reflect and respond to real-world service needs can help create an invaluable evidence base for increased BPT funding – and in the process, drive improved patient outcomes in paediatric diabetes.
Altered expression of inflammation-associated genes in oviductal cells following follicular fluid exposure: Implications for ovarian carcinogenesis
Authors: Lau Angela , Kollara Alexandra , John Elizabeth St , Tone Alicia A , Virtanen Carl , Greenblatt Ellen M , King W Allan , Brown Theodore J
Published: November 2013

Evidence indicates that high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) may originate from lesions within the distal fallopian tube epithelium (FTE). Our previous studies indicate that fallopian tube epithelial cells from carriers of germline mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes exhibit a pro-inflammatory gene expression signature during the luteal phase, suggesting that delayed resolution of postovulatory inflammatory signaling may contribute to predisposition to this ovarian cancer histotype. To determine whether exposure of tubal epithelial cells to periovulatory follicular fluid alters expression of inflammation-associated genes, we used an ex vivo culture system of bovine oviductal epithelial cells. Oviductal cells grown on collagen IV-coated transwell membranes assumed a cobblestone appearance and immunocytochemistry for FoxJ1 and Pax8 indicated that both ciliated and secretory epithelial cells were maintained in the cultures. Oviductal cells were exposed to human follicular fluid or culture medium for 24 h following which total cellular RNA was extracted at various time points. Expression of genes associated with inflammation was determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Exposure to follicular fluid transiently increased the transcript levels of interleukin 8 ( IL8) and cyclooxygenase 2 ( PTGS2), and decreased the expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase ( SOD2) , glutathione peroxidase 3 ( GPX3), disabled homolog 2 ( DAB2), and glucocorticoid receptor ( NR3C1). Tumor necrosis factor ( TNF) and IL6 levels were also decreased while those of nicotinomide phosphoribosyltransferase ( NAMPT) were unaffected. This study demonstrates that periovulatory follicular fluid can act directly upon oviductal epithelial cells to alter gene expression that might contribute to early carcinogenic events. Furthermore, these findings illustrate the potential use of bovine oviductal cells to study signaling events implicated in ovarian carcinogenesis.
Consumption experience in retail environments: A literature review
Authors: Antéblian Blandine , Filser Marc , Roederer Claire
Published: November 2013

Experience has emerged as a research topic in marketing, as a result of the efforts many retailers have made in creating experiential offerings. The academic literature on experience first focused on antecedents and the search for an experience, and on the outcomes of experience, before investigating the actual content of an experience. Retailers’ strategies can be analyzed using frameworks based either on consumers’ participation in the production of the experience or on the extraordinary or ordinary aspects of an experience. The integrating model developed in this research helps to capture the consumer’s shopping experience in virtual as well as physical shopping environments.
Online international outshopping experience: Proposition of a research model
Authors: Boeuf Benjamin , Sénécal Sylvain
Published: November 2013

International outshopping when performed on the internet has hardly been investigated. Based on a literature review, this article develops a conceptual framework identifying online outshopping antecedents. Six antecedents and a moderating variable of online purchase intention are proposed. Implications and research avenues are discussed.
Mental imagery and its determinants as factors of consumers emotional and behavioural responses: Situation analysis in online shopping
Authors: Lao Aurély
Published: November 2013

This research highlights the positive influence of self-mental imagery and its antecedents on mixed anticipated emotions and purchase intention and impulse purchase of e-consumers. The results show that the choice of stimuli used in the presentation of a product on e-retail websites can significantly influence mental imagery and behavioural consumer responses. Some theoretical and managerial implications are proposed. Research avenues derived from the study’s limitations are underlined.
Impact of thymoglobulin prior to pediatric unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation on immune reconstitution and clinical outcome
Authors: Lindemans Caroline A. , Chiesa Robert , Amrolia Persis J. , Rao Kanchan , Nikolajeva Olga , de Wildt Arianne , Gerhardt Corinne E. , Gilmour Kimberly C. , B. Bierings Marc , Veys Paul , Boelens Jaap J.
Published: November 2013

Key Points

For good immune reconstitution and fewer viral reactivations, thymoglobulin should be omitted in cord blood transplants. Because omission of thymoglobulin is associated with higher acute GVHD rates, further improvement of outcome may require individualized dosing.
Neutropenia-associated ELANE mutations disrupting translation initiation produce novel neutrophil elastase isoforms
Authors: Tidwell Timothy , Wechsler Jeremy , Nayak Ramesh C. , Trump Lisa , Salipante Stephen J. , Cheng Jerry C. , Donadieu Jean , Glaubach Taly , Corey Seth J. , Grimes H. Leighton , Lutzko Carolyn , Cancelas Jose A. , Horwitz Marshall S.
Published: November 2013

Key Points

ELANE mutations in the first codon and Kozak sequence yield amino-terminally truncated NE lacking pre and pro sequences. The study implies that sometimes NE coding sequence changes are incidental and noncoding ELANE variants are pathogenic.
Thrombopoietin promotes NHEJ DNA repair in hematopoietic stem cells through specific activation of Erk and NF-κB pathways and their target, IEX-1
Authors: de Laval Bérengère , Pawlikowska Patrycja , Barbieri Daniela , Besnard-Guerin Corinne , Cico Alba , Kumar Rajiv , Gaudry Murielle , Baud Véronique , Porteu Françoise
Published: November 2013

Key Points

TPO specifically activates Erk and NF-κB pathways in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Erk and NF-κB cooperate to trigger their common target, Iex-1, and DNA-PK-dependent NHEJ activation in HSPCs upon irradiation.
The risk of venous thrombosis in individuals with a history of superficial vein thrombosis and acquired venous thrombotic risk factors
Authors: Roach Rachel E. J. , Lijfering Willem M. , van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid , Helmerhorst Frans M. , Rosendaal Frits R. , Cannegieter Suzanne C.
Published: November 2013

Key Points

Superficial vein thrombosis combined with an acquired thrombotic risk factor increases the risk of venous thrombosis 10- to 100-fold. If confirmed, these findings have important implications for the future prevention of venous thrombosis.
A novel strategy for classifying the output from an in silicovaccine discovery pipeline for eukaryotic pathogens using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Goodswen Stephen J , Kennedy Paul J , Ellis John T
Published: November 2013

Background

An in silico vaccine discovery pipeline for eukaryotic pathogens typically consists of several computational tools to predict protein characteristics. The aim of the in silico approach to discovering subunit vaccines is to use predicted characteristics to identify proteins which are worthy of laboratory investigation. A major challenge is that these predictions are inherent with hidden inaccuracies and contradictions. This study focuses on how to reduce the number of false candidates using machine learning algorithms rather than relying on expensive laboratory validation. Proteins from Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium sp., and Caenorhabditis elegans were used as training and test datasets.

Results

The results show that machine learning algorithms can effectively distinguish expected true from expected false vaccine candidates (with an average sensitivity and specificity of 0.97 and 0.98 respectively), for proteins observed to induce immune responses experimentally.

Conclusions

Vaccine candidates from an in silico approach can only be truly validated in a laboratory. Given any in silico output and appropriate training data, the number of false candidates allocated for validation can be dramatically reduced using a pool of machine learning algorithms. This will ultimately save time and money in the laboratory.
The vertebrate ancestral repertoire of visual opsins, transducin alpha subunits and oxytocin/vasopressin receptors was established by duplication of their shared genomic region in the two rounds of early vertebrate genome duplications
Authors: Lagman David , Ocampo Daza Daniel , Widmark Jenny , Abalo Xesús M , Sundström Görel , Larhammar Dan
Published: November 2013

Background

Vertebrate color vision is dependent on four major color opsin subtypes: RH2 (green opsin), SWS1 (ultraviolet opsin), SWS2 (blue opsin), and LWS (red opsin). Together with the dim-light receptor rhodopsin (RH1), these form the family of vertebrate visual opsins. Vertebrate genomes contain many multi-membered gene families that can largely be explained by the two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) in the vertebrate ancestor (2R) followed by a third round in the teleost ancestor (3R). Related chromosome regions resulting from WGD or block duplications are said to form a paralogon. We describe here a paralogon containing the genes for visual opsins, the G-protein alpha subunit families for transducin (GNAT) and adenylyl cyclase inhibition (GNAI), the oxytocin and vasopressin receptors (OT/VP-R), and the L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CACNA1-L).

Results

Sequence-based phylogenies and analyses of conserved synteny show that the above-mentioned gene families, and many neighboring gene families, expanded in the early vertebrate WGDs. This allows us to deduce the following evolutionary scenario: The vertebrate ancestor had a chromosome containing the genes for two visual opsins, one GNAT, one GNAI, two OT/VP-Rs and one CACNA1-L gene. This chromosome was quadrupled in 2R. Subsequent gene losses resulted in a set of five visual opsin genes, three GNAT and GNAI genes, six OT/VP-R genes and four CACNA1-L genes. These regions were duplicated again in 3R resulting in additional teleost genes for some of the families. Major chromosomal rearrangements have taken place in the teleost genomes. By comparison with the corresponding chromosomal regions in the spotted gar, which diverged prior to 3R, we could time these rearrangements to post-3R.

Conclusions

We present an extensive analysis of the paralogon housing the visual opsin, GNAT and GNAI, OT/VP-R, and CACNA1-L gene families. The combined data imply that the early vertebrate WGD events contributed to the evolution of vision and the other neuronal and neuroendocrine functions exerted by the proteins encoded by these gene families. In pouched lamprey all five visual opsin genes have previously been identified, suggesting that lampreys diverged from the jawed vertebrates after 2R.
Life based on phosphite: a genome-guided analysis of Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Schink Bernhard , Simeonova Diliana D
Published: November 2013

Background

The Delta-Proteobacterium Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans is a type strain of the genus Desulfotignum, which comprises to date only three species together with D. balticum and D. toluenicum. D. phosphitoxidans oxidizes phosphite to phosphate as its only source of electrons, with either sulfate or CO2 as electron acceptor to gain its metabolic energy, which is of exclusive interest. Sequencing of the genome of this bacterium was undertaken to elucidate the genomic basis of this so far unique type of energy metabolism.

Results

The genome contains 4,998,761 base pairs and 4646 genes of which 3609 were assigned to a function, and 1037 are without function prediction. Metabolic reconstruction revealed that most biosynthetic pathways of Gram negative, autotrophic sulfate reducers were present. Autotrophic CO2 assimilation proceeds through the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. Additionally, we have found and confirmed the ability of the strain to couple phosphite oxidation to dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia, which in itself is a new type of energy metabolism. Surprisingly, only two pathways for uptake, assimilation and utilization of inorganic and organic phosphonates were found in the genome. The unique for D. phosphitoxidans Ptx-Ptd cluster is involved in inorganic phosphite oxidation and an atypical C-P lyase-coding cluster (Phn) is involved in utilization of organophosphonates.

Conclusions

We present the whole genome sequence of the first bacterium able to gain metabolic energy via phosphite oxidation. The data obtained provide initial information on the composition and architecture of the phosphite–utilizing and energy-transducing systems needed to live with phosphite as an unusual electron donor.
CD26 Expression on T-Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) Line Karpas 299 is associated with increased expression of Versican and MT1-MMP and enhanced adhesion
Authors: Havre Pamela A , Dang Long H , Ohnuma Kei , Iwata Satoshi , Morimoto Chikao , Dang Nam H
Published: November 2013

Background

CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) is a multifunctional membrane protein with a key role in T-cell biology and also serves as a marker of aggressive cancers, including T-cell malignancies.

Methods

Versican expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR and Western blots. Gene silencing of versican in parental Karpas 299 cells was performed using transduction-ready viral particles. The effect of versican depletion on surface expression of MT1-MMP was monitored by flow cytometry and surface biotinylation. CD44 secretion/cleavage and ERK (1/2) activation was followed by Western blotting. Collagenase I activity was measured by a live cell assay and in vesicles using a liquid-phase assay. Adhesion to collagen I was quantified by an MTS assay.

Results

Versican expression was down-regulated in CD26-depleted Karpas 299 cells compared to the parental T-ALCL Karpas 299 cells. Knock down of versican in the parental Karpas 299 cells led to decreased MT1-MMP surface expression as well as decreased CD44 expression and secretion of the cleaved form of CD44. Parental Karpas 299 cells also exhibited higher collagenase I activity and greater adhesion to collagenase I than CD26-knockdown or versican-knockdown cells. ERK activation was also highest in parental Karpas 299 cells compared to CD26-knockdown or versican-knockdown clones.

Conclusions

Our data indicate that CD26 has a key role in cell adhesion and invasion, and potentially in tumorigenesis of T-cell lines, through its association with molecules and signal transduction pathways integral to these processes.
Protein kinase RNA- like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) signaling pathway plays a major role in reactive oxygen species (ROS)- mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress- induced apoptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Zhong-Wei , Zhu Hai-Tao , Chen Kun-Lun , Dong Xin , Wei Jin , Qiu Chuan , Xue Jia-Hong
Published: November 2013

Background

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is considered one of the mechanisms contributing to reactive oxygen species (ROS)- mediated cell apoptosis. In diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), cell apoptosis is generally accepted as the etiological factor and closely related to cardiac ROS generation. ER stress is proposed the link between ROS and cell apoptosis; however, the signaling pathways and their roles in participating ER stress- induced apoptosis in DCM are still unclear.

Methods

In this study, we investigated the signaling transductions in ROS- dependent ER stress- induced cardiomocyte apoptosis in animal model of DCM. Moreover, in order to clarify the roles of IRE1 (inositol - requiring enzyme-1), PERK (protein kinase RNA (PKR)- like ER kinase) and ATF6 (activating transcription factor-6) in conducting apoptotic signal in ROS- dependent ER stress- induced cardiomocyte apoptosis, we further investigated apoptosis in high- glucose incubated cardiomyocytes with IRE1, ATF6 and PERK- knocked down respectively.

Results

we demonstrated that the ER stress sensors, referred as PERK, IRE1 and ATF6, were activated in ROS- mediated ER stress- induced cell apoptosis in rat model of DCM which was characterized by cardiac pump and electrical dysfunctions. The deletion of PERK in myocytes exhibited stronger protective effect against apoptosis induced by high- glucose incubation than deletion of ATF6 or IRE in the same myocytes. By subcellular fractionation, rather than ATF6 and IRE1, in primary cardiomyocytes, PERK was found a component of MAMs (mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes) which was the functional and physical contact site between ER and mitochondria.

Conclusions

ROS- stimulated activation of PERK signaling pathway takes the major responsibility rather than IRE1 or ATF6 signaling pathways in ROS- medicated ER stress- induced myocyte apoptosis in DCM.
MicroRNA-124-3p inhibits cell migration and invasion in bladder cancer cells by targeting ROCK1
Authors: Xu Xianglai , Li Shiqi , Lin Yiwei , Chen Hong , Hu Zhenghui , Mao Yeqing , Xu Xin , Wu Jian , Zhu Yi , Zheng Xiangyi , Luo Jindan , Xie Liping
Published: November 2013

Background

Increasing evidence has suggested that dysregulation of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to human disease including carcinogenesis and tumor metastasis in human. miR-124-3p is down-regulated in various cancers, and modulates proliferation and aggressiveness of cancer cells. However, the roles of miR-124-3p in human bladder cancer are elusive. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the biological functions and its molecular mechanisms of miR-124-3p in human bladder cancer cell lines, discussing whether it has a potential to be a therapeutic biomarker of bladder cancer.

Methods

Three human bladder cancer cell lines and samples from ten patients with bladder cancer were analyzed for the expression of miR-124-3p by quantitative RT--PCR. Exogenetic overexpression of miR-124-3p was established by transfecting mimics into T24, UM-UC-3 and J82 cells, after that cell proliferation and cell cycle were assessed by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Colony-forming assay. Cell motility and invasion ability were evaluated by wound healing assay and transwell assay. Tissue microarray, and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against ROCK1, MMP2 and MMP9 was performed using the peroxidase and DAB methods. The target gene of miR-124-3p was determined by luciferase assays, quantitative RT--PCR and western blot. The regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by miR-124-3p was analyzed by western blot.

Results

miR-124-3p is frequently down-regulated in bladder cancer both in three bladder cancer cell lines, T24, UM-UC-3, J82 and clinical samples. Overexpression of miR-124-3p induced G1-phase arrest in T24, UM-UC-3 and J82 cell lines and suppressed cell growth in colony-forming assay. miR-124-3p significantly repressed the capability of migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells. In addition, ROCK1 was identified as a new target of miR-124-3p. ROCK1, MMP2, MMP9 were up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues. Furthermore, we demonstrated miR-124-3p could inhibit bladder cancer cell epithelial mesenchymal transfer, and regulated the expression of c-Met, MMP2, MMP9.

Conclusions

miR-124-3p can repress the migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells via regulating ROCK1. Our data indicate that miR-124-3p could be a tumor suppressor and may have a potential to be a diagnostics or predictive biomarker in bladder cancer.
Abnormal expression of paxillin correlates with tumor progression and poor survival in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Dong-liang , Wang Zhi-qiang , Ren Chao , Zeng Zhao-lei , Wang De-shen , Luo Hui-yan , Wang Feng , Qiu Miao-zhen , Bai Long , Zhang Dong-sheng , Wang Feng-hua , Li Yu-hong , Xu Rui-hua
Published: November 2013

Background

Paxillin (PXN) has been found to be aberrantly regulated in various malignancies and involved in tumor growth and invasion. The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of PXN in gastric cancer is still unclear.

Methods

The expression of PXN was determined in paired gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues by Western blotting and real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of PXN in 239 gastric cancer patients. Statistical analysis was applied to investigate the correlation between PXN expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients. Additionally, the effects of PXN on gastric cancer cell proliferation and migration were also evaluated.

Results

PXN was up-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines as compared with adjacent normal tissues and normal gastric epithelial cell line GES-1. Overexpression of PXN was correlated with distant metastasis (P = 0.001) and advanced tumor stage (P = 0.021) in gastric cancer patients. Patients with high PXN expression tended to have poor prognosis compared with patients with low PXN expression (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PXN expression was an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.020). Moreover, ectopic expression of PXN promotes cell proliferation and migration in AGS cells whereas knockdown of PXN inhibits cell proliferation and migration in SGC7901 cells.

Conclusions

PXN plays an important role in tumor progression and may be used as a potential prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.
Comparing long term impact on ovarian reserve between laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy and open laprotomy for ovarian endometrioma
Authors: Zaitoun Moustafa M , Zaitoun Mohamed Moustafa , El Behery Manal M
Published: November 2013

Objective

To compare the long term impact on ovarian reserve between laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy with bipolar electrocoagulation and laparotomic cystectomy with suturing for ovarian endometrotic cyst.

Patient and method(s)

121 patients with benign ovarian endometroitic cysts were randomised to either laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy using bipolar electrocoagulation (61 patients) or laparotomic ovarian cystectomy using sutures (60 patients). Serum follicle-stimulating hormone, Antimullerian hormon, Basal antral follicle Count, mean ovarian diameter, and ovarian stromal blood flow velocity were measured at 6, 12 and 18 months after surgery and compared in both groups.

Result(s)

A statistically significant increase of serum FSH was found in the laproscopic bipolar group at 6-, 12 and 18-month postoperativly compared to open laparotomy suture group. Also, a statistically significant decrease of the mean AMH value occurred in laproscopic bipolar group at 6-, 12 and 18-month follow- up compared to open laparotomy suture group. Basal antral follicle number, mean ovarian diameter and peak systolic velocity were significantly decreased during the 6-, 12,18 -month follow-up in laproscopic bipolar group compared to open laparotomy suture group.

Conclusion(s)

After laproscopic ovarian cystecomy for endometrioma all pareameter of ovarian reseve are significantly decreased on long term follow up as compared to open laprotomy.
HLA Class II Haplotypes Differentiate Between the Adult Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Types II and III
Authors: Flesch B. K. , Matheis N. , Alt T. , Weinstock C. , Bux J. , Kahaly G. J.
Published: November 2013

Background:

Genetics of the adult autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) is poorly understood.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to gain further insight into the genetics of the adult APS types.

Site:

The study was conducted at a university referral center.

Methods:

The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles, haplotypes, and genotypes were determined in a large cohort of patients with APS, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and type 1 diabetes and in healthy controls by the consistent application of high-resolution typing at a four-digit level.

Results:

Comparison of the allele and haplotype frequencies significantly discriminated patients with APS vs AITD and controls. The HLA class II alleles DRB1*03:01 *04:01, DQA1*03:01, *05:01, DQB1*02:01, and *03:02 were observed more frequently (P < .001) in APS than in AITD and controls, whereas the alleles DRB1*15:01, DQB1*03:01, and *06:02 were underrepresented in APS vs AITD (Pc < .001) and controls (Pc < .01), respectively. The DRB1*03:01-DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01 (DR3-DQ2) and DRB1*04:01-DQA1*03:01:DQB1*03:02 (DRB1*04:01-DQ8) haplotypes were overrepresented in APS (Pc < .001). Combination of both haplotypes to a genotype was highly prevalent in APS vs AITD and controls (Pc < .001). Dividing the APS collective into those with Addison's disease (APS type II) and those without Addison's disease but including type 1 diabetes and AITD (APS type III) demonstrated DR3-DQ2/DRB1*04:01-DQ8 as a susceptibility genotype in APS III (Pc < .001), whereas the DR3-DQ2/DRB1*04:04-DQ8 genotype correlated with APS II (Pc < .001). The haplotypes DRB1*11:01-DQA1*05:05-DQB1*03:01 and DRB1*15:01-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*06:02 are protective in APS III but not in type II (Pc < .01).

Conclusions:

HLA class II haplotypes differentiate between the adult APS types II and III. Susceptible haplotypes favor the development of polyglandular autoimmunity in patients with AITD.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Left Ventricular Mechanics: A Three-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Study
Authors: Tadic Marijana , Ilic Sanja , Kostic Nada , Caparevic Zorica , Celic Vera
Published: November 2013

Context:

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT) is associated with left ventricular (LV) remodeling. The LV mechanics has not been previously assessed by two- and three-dimensional (2DE and 3DE) speckle tracking imaging in the SHT patients.

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to investigate LV mechanics by 2DE and 3DE speckle tracking in the SHT patients and evaluate the influence of levothyroxine therapy on LV remodeling.

Design:

We conducted a prospective study. All SHT patients received levothyroxine therapy and were followed up for 1 year after the euthyroid state had been achieved.

Setting:

The study was performed at a university hospital.

Patients:

We included 54 untreated women with SHT and 40 healthy control women who were of similar age.

Main Outcome Measures:

The 2DE strain and strain rates, 3DE volumes, 3DE strain, and thyroid hormones levels were assessed.

Results:

The 2DE LV longitudinal and circumferential strain and systolic and early diastolic strain rates were significantly decreased in the SHT patients before therapy in comparison with the controls or the SHT patients after therapy. The 3DE LV cardiac output and ejection fraction were significantly reduced in the SHT patients at baseline compared with the controls or patients after 1 year of treatment. The 3DE LV longitudinal and radial strains were significantly lower in the SHT group before treatment in comparison with the controls or patients after therapy, whereas the 3DE LV circumferential and area strains gradually increased from untreated SHT patients, among the treated SHT patients, to the controls.

Conclusion:

SHT significantly affects LV deformation assessed by 2DE and 3DE speckle tracking. The improvement of LV mechanics after 1 year of levothyroxine treatment is significant but incomplete.
Spatial and temporal variation in the hydrodynamic landscape in intertidal salt marsh systems
Authors: Wilson Miranda L. , Webster Donald R. , Weissburg Marc J.
Published: November 2013

Lay Abstract

The spatial and temporal variability of water flow at the scale of ecological processes in aquatic systems such as estuaries is not well understood. Current sampling schemes used to assess the impact of water flow on ecological processes are limited in their ability to encompass adequate spatial and temporal variability, confound spatial and temporal patterning, and do not provide clear connections to values of turbulent flow parameters. We examined spatial and temporal variation of water flow within and among four sites in Wassaw Sound, Georgia, USA, corresponding to different tidal types (i.e., neap, mean, and spring tides). Variation in water flow within the sites was similar and highly correlated at locations up to 20 m but was highly variable among distant sites. Some flow parameters also showed strong dependence on the site. Furthermore, flow parameters did not correlate with each other, indicating that specific parameters need to be identified to correctly assess the effect of water flow on ecological interactions. We provide several suggestions to improve current sampling schema, which include taking flow measurements concurrently with ecological experimentation, minimizing sequential sampling designs, and sampling water flow at similar spatial and temporal scales as ecological experimentation. Consideration of these issues should provide a better way in which to assess the interaction between water flow and ecological processes and help generate testable hypotheses that incorporate how these interactions may vary spatially and temporally.
Ionic versus Electronic Ferroelectricity in Donor–Acceptor Molecular Sequences
Authors: Horiuchi Sachio , Kobayashi Kensuke , Kumai Reiji , Ishibashi Shoji
Published: November 2013

Molecular displacement in an alternating chain of donors and acceptors triggers ferroelectric switching of large electric polarization with a low electric field in some charge-transfer complexes. While the displacement of a point charge (i.e., static charge) provides a good picture of the polarization for spin-Peierls-type transition in an ionic complex of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and p-bromanil (BA), it completely fails to explain both the magnitude and direction of the observed spontaneous polarization in the neutral-ionic transition of TTF–p-chloranil (CA). The most spectacular behavior is that the TTF cations are displaced toward the anode and the CA anions toward the cathode. Recent experimental and theoretical research has highlighted the strong effects of dynamic electrons traveling in the intermolecular space of TTF–CA. The new “electronic ferroelectricity” mechanism can also be envisioned as a powerful guide for guaranteeing high-performance dielectric and related electronic functionalities, especially for organic molecular systems.
Surface Modification Method for Adhesion of Gels
Authors: Abe Hidekazu , Hara Yusuke , Maeda Shingo , Hashimoto Shuji
Published: November 2013

We successfully realized the adhesion of cationic gels in aqueous solution by a method of surface modification with an anionic polymer chain. The adhesion force of the gel, which originates in the electrostatic interaction between the cationic gel surface and anionic polymer chain, is controlled by the solution pH because poly(acrylic acid) with –COO− and poly(N,N′-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide) gel with –NH+(CH3)2 were used. With the proposed method, we can select the electric charge of each gel surface to adhere to anionic or cationic gels.
Non-invasive, non-radiological quantification of anteroposterior knee joint ligamentous laxity
Authors: Russell D. F. , Deakin A. H. , Fogg Q. A. , Picard F.
Published: November 2013

Objectives

We performed in vitro validation of a non-invasive skin-mounted system that could allow quantification of anteroposterior (AP) laxity in the outpatient setting.

Methods

A total of 12 cadaveric lower limbs were tested with a commercial image-free navigation system using trackers secured by bone screws. We then tested a non-invasive fabric-strap system. The lower limb was secured at 10° intervals from 0° to 60° of knee flexion and 100 N of force was applied perpendicular to the tibia. Acceptable coefficient of repeatability (CR) and limits of agreement (LOA) of 3 mm were set based on diagnostic criteria for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insufficiency.

Results

Reliability and precision within the individual invasive and non-invasive systems was acceptable throughout the range of flexion tested (intra-class correlation coefficient 0.88, CR 1.6 mm). Agreement between the two systems was acceptable measuring AP laxity between full extension and 40° knee flexion (LOA 2.9 mm). Beyond 40° of flexion, agreement between the systems was unacceptable (LOA > 3 mm).

Conclusions

These results indicate that from full knee extension to 40° flexion, non-invasive navigation-based quantification of AP tibial translation is as accurate as the standard validated commercial system, particularly in the clinically and functionally important range of 20° to 30° knee flexion. This could be useful in diagnosis and post-operative evaluation of ACL pathology. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2013;2:233–7.
Urinary Cannabinoid Disposition in Occasional and Frequent Smokers: Is THC-Glucuronide in Sequential Urine Samples a Marker of Recent Use in Frequent Smokers?
Authors: Desrosiers Nathalie A , Lee Dayong , Concheiro-Guisan Marta , Scheidweiler Karl B , Gorelick David A , Huestis Marilyn A
Published: November 2013

BACKGROUND

There is extended urinary excretion of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) in abstinent frequent cannabis smokers. We characterized THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH, cannabidiol, cannabinol, THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide disposition in urine of frequent and occasional cannabis smokers, and we propose a model to predict recent cannabis smoking.

METHODS

Frequent and occasional smokers resided on a closed research unit and smoked one 6.8% THC cannabis cigarette ad libitum. Urinary cannabinoids were quantified in each void by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry within 24 h of collection.

RESULTS

No urine samples had measureable THC, 11-OH-THC, cannabidiol, or cannabinol. THCCOOH, THC-glucuronide, and THCCOOH-glucuronide were measurable in all frequent smokers' urine and 60%, 100%, and 100% of occasional smokers' urine samples, respectively. Pre- and postdose maximal concentrations (non- and creatinine normalized) and probability of being positive were significantly higher in frequent smokers' samples. THC-glucuronide concentrations peaked 0.6–7.4 h after smoking; THCCOOH and THCCOOH-glucuronide concentrations were highly variable. At the newly adopted THCCOOH 175-μg/L World Anti-Doping Agency decision limit, only 50% of frequent smokers were positive 0–6 h postdose; no occasional smokers' samples were positive. An absolute %difference of ≥50% between 2 consecutive THC-glucuronide–positive samples with a creatinine-normalized concentration of ≥2 μg/g in the first sample predicted cannabis smoking with efficiencies of 93.1% in frequent and 76.9% in occasional smokers within 6 h of first sample collection.

CONCLUSIONS

These controlled urinary cannabinoid data provide a possible means of identifying recent cannabis intake in cannabis smokers' urine within a short collection time frame after smoking.
A critical comparison of methods for evaluating Arts and Dementia programmes
Authors: Goulding Anna
Published: November 2013

The aim of providing a close reading of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of reminiscence groups for people with dementia and an evaluation of a pilot arts programme for people with dementia is to compare evidence from the paradigms of health and arts. Whilst the RCT is the gold standard of research in Health, the qualitative approach favoured by arts may be able to capture subtle shifts in participants’ affect. Although RCTs are beyond the budget of small arts organizations, there are lessons to be learnt in terms of study design – the use of control groups, random allocation, the blinding of researchers to the intervention participants receive, regular data collection points and the use of validated quantitative scales. There is already considerable pressure on small arts organizations to provide effective evaluation that satisfies a range of stakeholders, and adopting the suggested methodologies would require considerable support in terms of resource and expertise. While the focus of this article is on arts and health work for older people, the principal of comparing a RCT with a general evaluation has relevance for arts programmes with health outcomes for a range of participants.
A return to ordinariness: How does working alongside people who use mental health service effect theatre students’ attitudes to mentalillness?
Authors: Rowe Nick , Forshaw Nicola , Alldred Gemma
Published: November 2013

This article reports on the experiences of a group of five undergraduate theatre students working alongside people who use mental health services. Our aim was to study any changes in students’ attitudes over the period when they were making theatre with people with mental health problems. At first students were keen to define ‘mental illness’ and to draw clear lines between people who had or did not have mental health problems. They were likely to notice differences and attribute these to mental illness and they were keen to understand how they could help people through theatre. The most striking consequence of students’ contact was a change from regarding people who use mental health services as ontologically different, highly vulnerable and in need of special care and treatment to engaging with them as theatre makers and learners: a relationship and a purpose far more familiar to students. We have called this ‘a return to ordinariness’.
Improvising on the ward: Exploring somatic dance and potential in paediatric health care
Authors: Dowler Lisa
Published: November 2013

This article documents the pilot From Where You Are project, which researched the effects of improvised, somatic dance practice with children and young people on the Neuromedical and Oncology wards of Alder Hey Children’s Hospital (AHCH), UK, in 2008–2009. It considers how the non-judgemental, inclusive and implicitly phenomenological methodology of dance improvisers, whose practice is informed by somatic and environmental approaches, is particularly appropriate and successful in a clinical setting. This is substantiated through an interpretive phenomenological approach, incorporating first-person description and case studies, and provides tangible evidence of the benefits of this practice in paediatric health care.
Reperforming memories: Using the reminiscence theatre archive as a resource for new intergenerational work
Authors: Lilley Heather , Derbyshire Harry
Published: November 2013

In 2012 the University of Greenwich acquired the reminiscence theatre archive of Pam Schweitzer, founder and former Artistic Director of Age Exchange Theatre Company. This article is an account of our first performance project using the archive in collaboration with student volunteers and Schweitzer herself, to explore the possibilities for activating the archive materials through reperformance. Through a process of devising new plays from the archived transcripts of elderly people’s memories, and then performing them in local Sheltered Housing units, the project was designed to enable an assessment of what ongoing benefits the archive might bring to the teaching, research, student experience and community engagement activities of the drama programme. The project has offered indications as to how Schweitzer’s well-known reminiscence theatre methods can be adapted for working with archived materials; and the research findings suggest some of the challenges and possible new directions that might be taken, in the continued reuse of the Reminiscence Theatre Archive.
Reviews
Authors: Watley George , Blatner Adam , Kossak Mitchell , Hickley Niall
Published: November 2013

Theatre, Education and Performance, Helen Nicholson (2011) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 245 pp., ISBN: 9780230574236, p/bk, £17.99

Theatre for Change: Education, Social Action and Therapy, Robert J. Landy and David T. Montgomery (2012) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 337 pp., ISBN: 978-0-230-24366-8, p/bk, $30.00

Expressive Arts in the Winds of Change, 10th International Conference of the International Expressive Arts Therapy Association, Double Tree Hotel, Berkeley, CA, 14–17 March 2013

Exploring where Poetry and Therapy Intersect: Two workshops delivered by Diana Hedges and Reamonn O’Donnchadha, PoetryReach, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland, 23 March 2013