bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of Hungarian futures studies in light of international journal articles
Authors: Nováky Erzsébet , Kristóf Tamás
Published: June 2022

This article offers an overview of the evolution of Hungarian futures studies via a systematic literature review of articles with at least one Hungarian futurist (co-)author, published in high-ranking international or English-language Hungarian journals. The review reveals how researchers from a relatively small European country, where central planning had been applied for decades, have made their way to the pages of prestigious international journals and disseminated their results in a diverse range of articles to the global research community. The number of these publications has increased decade by decade. Results of statistical-based literature review demonstrate that research period and research topic are in strong association with the quality of journal articles, yet scientometric features of Hungarian futurist (co-)authors are not significant in this aspect. However, spectacular clustering of articles can be accomplished based on the citation statistics of Hungarian futurist (co-)authors.
The mismatch between morphological and molecular attribution of three Glossogobius species in the Mekong Delta
Authors: Truong Ngon T. , Phan Gieo H. , Lam Tran T. H. , Nguyen Ton H. D. , Khang Do T. , Tran Men T. , Tran Nam S. , Dinh Quang M.
Published: June 2022

Background

The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is the granary for the whole country, providing animal and plant resources, especially fish. Among the fish species, the genusGlossogobiusare the majority. Until now, research for this species has been solely relied on fish morphology for identification. Hence, the present study aimed to describe the morphological variations of the morphologically identified gobies and to validate them at the molecular level through the sequencing of the barcode region, the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to preliminary provide fundamental information for conservation.

Results

The mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I genes were amplified successfully with an approximate size of 650-680 bp. Their morphometries were quite different, and the genetic distance (p-value) among groups and within groups ranged from 0.00 to 0.12. The similarity of the COI gene sequences between the analyzed samples and in the NCBI database was from 87.01 to 100%. The specimens ofG. aureus,G. giurisandG. sparsipapilluswere interspersed in small branches of the phylogenetic tree with a low genetic distance highlighting that the genetic diversity of COI gene was low among species. Therefore, it is recommended that a combination of morphological method and mtCOI DNA barcoding is required for accurate classification.

Conclusion

This study helps determine three distinct lineages ofGlossogobiusspecies, so an appropriate strategy can be proposed for exploitation and conservation.
Retinal vascular occlusion in patients with the Covid-19 virus
Authors: Shiroma Helio F. , Lima Luiz H. , Shiroma Yuri B. , Kanadani Tereza C. , Nobrega Mario J. , Andrade Gabriel , de Moraes Filho Milton Nunes , Penha Fernando M.
Published: June 2022

Background

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome with dyspnea, anosmia, fever, and cough. Few studies describing ocular findings have been reported. The current case series, reports the clinical findings and natural history of patients with retinal vascular occlusion after COVID-19 infection.

Case presentations

Patients from multiple Brazilian hospitals who had clinical and laboratory diagnoses of COVID-19 with retinal vein or arterial occlusion were analyzed retrospectively. The baseline demographics, clinical presentations of COVID-19, comorbidities, risk factors for thromboembolic events, and use of anticoagulant drugs were reviewed. The relevant clinical findings associated with the retinal vascular occlusive event, management, and outcomes were reported. Fourteen cases of retinal vascular occlusion within 3 months of the laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection were identified. Three of which required hospitalization for COVID-19 management. Eight cases had central retinal vein occlusion, three branch retinal vein occlusion, one hemispheric retinal vein occlusion, and two central arterial occlusion. The mean patient age at presentation was 48 years; the visual acuity ranged from light perception to 20/20. Nine patients received intravitreal injections of anti-angiogenic drugs and one received ketorolac tromethamine drops for the management of secondary macular edema; four were untreated.

Conclusions

COVID-19 patients may rarely have ocular manifestations of the disease. It was presented a case series of vascular occlusion events that may be related to COVID-19 infection, since these thrombotic events are actively involved in the disease pathophysiology. These cases emphasize the need for further investigation of ocular complications associated with this disease.
Protective efficacy of an RBD-based Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) particle vaccine in llamas
Authors: Rodon Jordi , Mykytyn Anna Z. , Cantero Guillermo , Albulescu Irina C. , Bosch Berend-Jan , Brix Alexander , Audonnet Jean-Christophe , Bensaid Albert , Vergara-Alert Júlia , Haagmans Bart L. , Segalés Joaquim
Published: June 2022

Ongoing outbreaks of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continue posing a global health threat. Vaccination of livestock reservoir species is a recommended strategy to prevent spread of MERS-CoV among animals and potential spillover to humans. Using a direct-contact llama challenge model that mimics naturally occurring viral transmission, we tested the efficacy of a multimeric receptor binding domain (RBD) particle-display based vaccine candidate. While MERS-CoV was transmitted to naïve animals exposed to virus-inoculated llamas, immunization induced robust virus-neutralizing antibody responses and prevented transmission in 1/3 vaccinated, in-contact animals. Our exploratory study supports further improvement of the RBD-based vaccine to prevent zoonotic spillover of MERS-CoV.
A rare case of hepatic ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Katiyar Glory , Fernandes Yasmin , Lawande Shikha , Kumar Pawan , Vernekar Jeevan A.
Published: June 2022

Background

Hepatic pregnancy is an uncommon ectopic site of gestational sac implantation. Clinical signs and symptoms simulate digestive or hepatobiliary diseases, making this a less common clinical diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis increases the risk of rupture and life threatening torrential hemorrhage. Detailed abdomino-pelvic ultrasound confirms the diagnosis, and MRI along with CT angiography guides the management.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 25-year-old multiparous female who presented with right hypochondrial and lumbar pain. Ultrasound demonstrated live ectopic gestational sac attached to the inferior surface of segment VI of liver with perigestational hematoma and patient underwent successful surgical excision with segmental resection of liver.

Conclusions

Primary hepatic ectopic pregnancy is a very rare entity. Importance resides in maintaining a high level of suspicion along with timely radiological investigations for successful clinical outcome.
RAD51B Harbors Germline Mutations Associated With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Fanfan , Ding Ding , Lin Cong , Cunningham Dea , Wright Michael , Javed Ammar A. , Azad Nilo , Lee Valerie , Donehower Ross , De Jesus-Acosta Ana , Le Dung T. , Pishvaian Michael , Shin Eun Ji , Lennon Anne Marie , Khashab Mouen , Singh Vikesh , Klein Alison P. , Roberts Nicholas J. , Hacker-Prietz Amy , McPhaul Thomas , Burkhart Richard A. , Burns William R. , Narang Amol , Zaheer Atif , Fishman Elliot K. , Thompson Elizabeth D. , Anders Robert , Yu Jun , He Jin , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Zheng Lei , Liu Dongbing , Wu Kui , Laheru Daniel A.
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE

Genetic alterations in many components of the homologous recombination, DNA damage response, and repair (HR-DDR) pathway are involved in the hereditary cancer syndromes, including familial pancreatic cancer. HR-DDR genes beyond BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, and PALB2 may also mutate and confer the HR-DDR deficiency in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

METHODS

We conducted a study to examine the genetic alterations using a companion diagnostic 15-gene HR-DDR panel in PDACs. HR-DDR gene mutations were identified and characterized by whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing. Different HR-DDR gene mutations are associated with variable homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) scores.

RESULTS

Eight of 50 PDACs with at least one HR-DDR gene mutation were identified. One tumor with BRCA2 mutations is associated with a high HRD score. However, another tumor with a CHEK2 mutation is associated with a zero HRD score. Notably, four of eight PDACs in this study harbor a RAD51B gene mutation. All four RAD51B gene mutations were germline mutations. However, currently, RAD51B is not the gene panel for germline tests.

CONCLUSION

The finding in this study thus supports including RAD51B in the germline test of HR-DDR pathway genes.
Diabetic Retinopathy May Be a Predictor of Stroke in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Zicheng , Cao Dan , Zhuang Xuenan , Yao Jie , Chen Ruoyu , Chen Yesheng , Zheng Kangyan , Lu Peiyao , Zhang Liang
Published: June 2022

Background

It is unclear whether diabetic retinopathy (DR) can be a predictor of stroke. In this research context, the objective of our study was to investigate whether there is a significant association between DR and stroke in diabetic patients by meta-analysis.

Methods

After a systematic search of studies in electronic databases, we screened all studies reporting the risk of DR status and stroke incidence and calculated their odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs). The effects of type of diabetes and severity of DR were also considered for subgroup analysis.

Results

We included 19 studies involving 45 495 patients. A pooled HR = 1.62 (1.28-2.06) were found for the risk of DR and stroke in diabetic patients. In a subgroup analysis performed on the type of diabetes, the results showed a significant association between stroke incidence and DR status in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (OR: 1.78; 95% CI, 1.53-2.08), but this association was not conclusive in type 1 diabetes (T1D) (OR: 1.77; 95% CI, 0.48-6.61). The results of the subgroup analysis with diabetes severity showed that both mild and moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) status and severe NPDR and worse status significantly increased the risk of stroke with HRs of 2.01 (1.45-2.78) and 2.27 (1.52-3.39), respectively.

Conclusion

DR status in diabetic patients is associated with an increased risk of stroke. This correlation was robust in patients with T2D, but uncertain in T1D. Based on this result, we have perhaps found the new factor for stroke management, so we analyzed the necessity and advantages of considering DR as a factor for stroke screening and risk management in our studies.
Δημόσια Διοίκηση και Κακοδιαχείριση
Authors: Παναγιωτοπούλου Θεοδώρα
Published: June 2022

Το φαινόμενο της διαφθοράς δυστυχώς αποτελεί πλέον ένα διαχρονικό και παγκόσμιο γεγονός το οποίο έχει λάβει ανησυχητικές διαστάσεις σε όλες τις χώρες με αποτέλεσμα πλέον να αποτελεί έναν παράγοντα αποσταθεροποίησης αρκετών συστημάτων όπως είναι αυτό της υγείας και ειδικότερα στην Ελλάδα και στους Οργανισμούς Τοπικής Αυτοδιοίκησης (ΟΤΑ). Λαμβάνοντας ως δεδομένο ότι τα κοινωνικά στρώματα με χαμηλότερες εισοδηματικές απολαβές εξαρτώνται σε μεγαλύτερο ποσοστό από τις δημόσιες δομές υγείας και οι οποίες ουσιαστικά λόγω του φαινομένου της διαφθοράς αυτές γίνονται ακριβότερες, το ζήτημα γίνεται περισσότερο κρίσιμο για τις χώρες όπου οι δημόσιοι πόροι είναι ήδη σε περιορισμένο ποσοστό όπως είναι για παράδειγμα η Ελλάδα. Αναφορικά με τους ΟΤΑ, οι δήμοι και οι Περιφέρειες αυτοί βρίσκονται αρκετά κοντά στον πολίτη και συνεπώς στην πρώτη γραμμή της χώρας με αρμοδιότητες για την διαχείριση των διαθέσιμων πόρων και των παροχών βασικών υπηρεσιών οι οποίες εκτείνονται από την φροντίδα των παιδιών, την στέγαση την υγεία και την γενικότερη κοινωνική μέριμνα. Από τη διαχείριση των αποβλήτων, των υδάτων, του περιβάλλοντος και της προστασίας του καθώς επίσης και τις αδειοδοτήσεις επιχειρήσεων και τους πολεοδομικούς σχεδιασμούς. Ωστόσο σε επίπεδο τοπικής αυτοδιοίκησης οι κίνδυνοι εκδήλωσης κάποιων μορφών διαφθοράς είναι αρκετά υψηλός, εξαιτίας κυρίως του μεγάλου εύρους αρμοδιοτήτων που έχουν εκχωρηθεί στους συγκεκριμένους οργανισμούς με αποτέλεσμα να δημιουργούνται περιθώρια φαινομένων διαφθοράς. Είναι σημαντικό λοιπόν να εδραιωθεί ένα κλίμα εμπιστοσύνης μεταξύ των πολιτών και των συστημάτων υγείας καθώς και των ΟΤΑ καθώς το συγκεκριμένο φαινόμενο παραβλέπεται ορισμένες φορές και δεν αντιμετωπίζεται ιδιαιτέρως όταν αποτιμάται ο βαθμός διείσδυσής της στις τοπικές κοινωνίες. Συνεπώς είναι εξαιρετικά επιτακτική η ανάγκη ανάληψης εξειδικευμένων προσεγγίσεων που να αντιμετωπίζουν σε αποτελεσματικό βαθμό το αρνητικό αντίκτυπο της διαφθοράς στις καθημερινές δραστηριότητες των πολιτών.
Development and quality assessment of a dedicated PET/SPECT/CT prototype for molecular imaging
Authors: Ρουχωτά Μαρία-Τίνα
Published: June 2022

Η παρούσα διατριβή, με τίτλο «Ανάπτυξη και αξιολόγηση ποιότητας ενός πρωτοτύπου PET/SPECT/CT συστήματος για μοριακή απεικόνιση», στοχεύει στην ανάπτυξη εργαλείων για καινοτόμο έρευνα στον τομέα της νανοτεχνολογίας, μέσω της εκμετάλλευσης και επέκτασης μιας υποδομής για απεικόνιση μικρών ζώων. Στόχοι αυτού του έργου ήταν η αναβάθμιση του υπάρχοντος συστήματος, η ολοκλήρωση της αξιολόγησης της απόδοσής του, προκειμένου να πιστοποιηθεί και να χρησιμοποιηθεί από εξωτερικούς ερευνητές, να δημιουργηθεί μια πλατφόρμα απεικόνισης για in vivo μελέτες απεικόνισης NP και να κατασκευαστεί μια πλατφόρμα προσομοίωσης για να διερευνήσει τις απεικονιστικές ιδιότητες των NP.Η διατριβή έχει οργανωθεί σε 6 κεφάλαια. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο, γίνεται μια σύντομη εισαγωγή, με το επιστημονικό υπόβαθρο και τις σύγχρονες μεθοδολογίες που βρίσκονται σε εφαρμογή. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, το Πειραματικό Μέρος, παρουσιάζονται οι Μέθοδοι, τα Υλικά και τα Αποτελέσματα. Η αξιολόγηση του συστήματος, η δημιουργία της πλατφόρμας προσομοίωσης και η αξιοποίηση του συστήματος σε προκλινικά ερευνητικά έργα, παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, Συζήτηση, συζητείται η τρέχουσα κατάσταση της προκλινικής έρευνας και συνδέεται με το παρουσιαζόμενο έργο και το αντικείμενο εργασίας. Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο επισημαίνονται τα κύρια συμπεράσματα αυτής της εργασίας. Σε ξεχωριστό πέμπτο κεφάλαιο, παρουσιάζονται οι εκπαιδευτικές δραστηριότητες, οι πιστοποιήσεις και η αναβάθμιση του εργαστηρίου που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί στο πλαίσιο αυτού του έργου και επέτρεψαν τις μελλοντικές δραστηριότητες τόσο της υποψηφίου διδάκτορα όσο και του ερευνητικού εργαστηρίου. Στο τελευταίο έκτο κεφάλαιο, προσφέρονται όλες οι δραστηριότητες Διάχυσης των αποτελεσμάτων που επιτεύχθηκαν στο πλαίσιο του έργου που παρουσιάζεται.Συνοψίζοντας, το έργο αυτό κατάφερε να καλύψει τους στόχους είχαν αρχικά τεθεί.
Το χορηγικό μνημείο του Νικίου και οι λίθοι του στην Υστερορρωμαϊκή πύλη της Ακροπόλεως
Authors: Μπάρτζης Δημήτριος
Published: June 2022

Το χορηγικό μνημείο του Νικίου έχει τη μορφή δωρικού ναΐσκου, εξάστυλου πρόστυλου σε κάτοψη με βαθύ πρόναο και είναι το μεγαλύτερο του είδους του στην Αθήνα. Οικοδομημένο την ίδια χρονιά με το μνημείο του Θρασύλλου, το 320/319 π.Χ., βρίσκεται δυτικά του Διονυσιακού Θεάτρου στο ανατολικό άκρο της Στοάς του Ευμένους. Εκεί έστεκε μέχρι και το μέσον του 3ου αι. μ.Χ. οπότε αποσυναρμολογήθηκε προσεκτικά, προκειμένου το οικοδομικό του υλικό να επαναχρησιμοποιηθεί για την οχύρωση της δυτικής πρόσβασης της Ακρόπολης. Τούτο συνέβη, κατά ορισμένους ερευνητές στα χρόνια του αυτοκράτορα Βαλεριανού εν αναμονή βαρβαρικών επιθέσεων και κατ’ άλλους μετά το 267 μ.Χ. ύστερα από την καταστροφή της Αθήνας από την επιδρομή των Ερούλων. Στο πρώτο μέρος της παρούσας εργασίας εξετάζεται η αρχιτεκτονική του χορηγικού μνημείου του Νικίου. Η συστηματική εξέταση των διαθέσιμων αρχιτεκτονικών μελών οδήγησε σε αποσαφήνιση άγνωστων έως τώρα πτυχών της αρχικής μορφής του, όπως το ακριβές ύψος των τοίχων και των κιόνων, η καθ’ ύψος δομή των τοίχων παραστάδων του σηκού και η μορφή του θυραίου τοίχου, ο οποίος διέθετε σύνθετο τριπλό άνοιγμα, πιθανόν με πεσσούς. Παράλληλα εξετάστηκαν θέματα συγκριτικής ανάλυσης, όπως η τυπολογία των εξάστυλων πρόστυλων κτηρίων, οι αρχιτεκτονικές μορφές –οι οποίες έχουν ως πρότυπο τα Μνησίκλεια Προπύλαια–, οι οικοδομικές πρακτικές, καθώς και το μετρητικό σύστημα που εφαρμόστηκε στον σχεδιασμό.Στο δεύτερο μέρος της διατριβής εξετάζεται η υστερορρωμαϊκή πύλη της Ακρόπολης με έμφαση στη διερεύνηση του τρόπου οικοδόμησής της με επανάχρηση αρχιτεκτονικών μελών από το χορηγικό μνημείο, από όπου προκύπτουν εκτός των άλλων νέα στοιχεία για την αρχική μορφή των πλευρικών πύργων. Επίσης γίνεται απόπειρα ερμηνείας του πλεονάζοντος αρχιτεκτονικού υλικού από το μνημείο του Νικίου –που βρέθηκε διάσπαρτο στη δυτική και βόρεια κλιτύ της Ακρόπολης–, προτείνοντας τρεις εναλλακτικές θεωρίες, οι οποίες έχουν ως επίκεντρο την υπόθεση ενός φιλόδοξου αρχιτεκτονικού σχεδίου για τη δυτική οχύρωση της Ακρόπολης, το οποίο τελικά δεν πραγματοποιήθηκε. Παράλληλα αναπτύσσονται θέματα που αφορούν σε μια πολύ ειδική περιπτωσιολογία του ευρύτατου φαινομένου της ανακύκλωσης λίθων στην αρχιτεκτονική, η οποία αφορά στα αποκαλούμενα «περιπλανώμενα» κτήρια. Πρόκειται για την πρακτική της διάλυσης, μεταφοράς και εκ νέου συναρμολόγησης κτηρίων, με τη χρήση κατάλληλης σήμανσης των λίθων, που γνώρισε ιδιαίτερη άνθηση στην Αττική και σε άλλες περιοχές μεταξύ 1ου αι. π.Χ. και 2ου αι. μ.Χ. Ωστόσο η περίπτωση της διάλυσης του μνημείου του Νικίου για την οικοδόμηση της υστερορρωμαϊκής πύλης, όπως επίσης και η επισκευή της εσωτερικής κιονοστοιχίας του σηκού του Παρθενώνα, φανερώνουν ότι η συγκεκριμένη πρακτική και η σχετική τεχνογνωσία γνώρισαν συνέχεια έως τα τέλη του 3ου αι. μ.Χ. Με βάση σχετικές ενδείξεις δεν αποκλείεται το ενδεχόμενο να υπήρξαν και άλλα σημεία στον υστερορρωμαϊκό περίβολο της Αθήνας, όπου να εφαρμόστηκαν ανάλογες μέθοδοι επανάχρησης οικοδομικού υλικού για την κατασκευή απαιτητικών τμημάτων, όπως η ανωδομή πύργων.
Ανάπτυξη μεθόδων για την in vivo ποσοτικοποίηση της ελεύθερης ρίζας του σουπεροξειδίου στους οργανισμούς
Authors: Ζησιμόπουλος Δημήτριος
Published: June 2022

Η μελέτη παρουσιάζει μια νέα μέθοδο που εντοπίζει την ελεύθερη ρίζα O2•−, μέσω ποσοτικοποίησης του 2-υδροξυεθιδίου (2-ΟΗ-Ε+), με ευαισθησία ~30 fmoles με χρωματογραφία λεπτής στιβάδας υψηλής απόδοσης (High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography/ΗPTLC). Η μέθοδος απομονώνει το 2-ΟΗ-Ε+ μετά από την εκχύλισή του με το ανιονικό απορρυπαντικό SDS (σε συγκέντρωση 18 φορές μεγαλύτερη από τη κρίσιμη μικυλλιακή συγκέντρωση) μαζί με συγκεκριμένα οργανικά/ανόργανα αντιδραστήρια, και το διαχωρισμό του από τα μόρια εθίδιο (Ε+) και διεθίδιο (di-Ε+), μέσω της HPTLC. Η ποσοτικοποίηση του 2-ΟΗ-Ε+ βασίζεται στα μέγιστα ex/em στα 290/540 nm, και για τα E+ και di-E+ στα 295/545 nm. Οι πιο σημαντικές καινοτομίες της παρούσας μεθόδου είναι η ανάπτυξη πρωτοκόλλων για (α) την αποτελεσματική εκχύλιση (με το SDS) και (β) την ευαίσθητη ποσοτικοποίηση (με την HPTLC) του 2-OH-E+ (καθώς και των E+ και di-E+) από τα περισσότερα βιολογικά συστήματα (ζώα, φυτά, κύτταρα, υποκυτταρικά οργανίδια, υγρά). Η μέθοδος εκχυλίζει το 2-ΟΗ-Ε+ (εξουδετερώνοντας τους ισχυρούς δεσμούς μεταξύ των τεταρτοταγών τους N+ και των αρνητικά φορτισμένων ομάδων στα φωσφολιπίδια, το DNA κ.λπ.) μαζί με το υδροεθίδιο (HE), προστατεύει και τα δύο μόρια από βιολογικές οξειδάσες, ενώ εκχυλίζει/ποσοτικοποιεί τις ολικές πρωτεΐνες (υδρόφιλες/υδρόφοβες) για να εκφράζονται τα επίπεδα της ελεύθερης ρίζας O2•− ανά βάρος πρωτεΐνης. Επίσης, η μέθοδος χρησιμοποιεί επίσης το SDS (σε συγκέντρωση 80 φορές μικρότερη από τη CMC) για να εκχυλίσει/απομακρύνει/πλύνει το 2-ΟΗ-Ε+ από την εξωτερική μεμβράνη κυττάρων/οργανιδίων και έτσι να ποσοτικοποιείται με ακρίβεια το εσωτερικό περιεχόμενο του 2-ΟΗ-Ε+. Η νέα μέθοδος εφαρμόστηκε σε ενδεικτικά βιολογικά συστήματα, στα οποία η πρόκληση του οξειδωτικού stress (καταπόνηση) έγινε: (1) με τεχνητό τρόπο μέσω της χορήγησης σε ποντικούς της ουσίας paraquat, η οποία είναι γνωστή για τις οξειδωτικές ιδιότητες και την επαγωγή ελευθέρων ριζών, και (2) με φυσιολογικό τρόπο σε φύλλα κουνουπιδιού μέσω της έκθεσής τους σε φως.
La identidad y el discurso monárquicos en la prensa franquista: 1968, un año clave para la restauración borbónica
Authors: del Marco Marrón Fernando
Published: June 2022

Pese a los intentos de la dictadura franquista por evitar que el monarquismo tuviera presencia en la prensa española, los juanistas no cejaron en su propósito por difundir la histórica identidad monárquica del país a través de los medios de comunicación, principalmente el diario ABC. Ya la Ley Fraga permitirá cierta pluralidad informativa a partir de 1966, encontrándose en el año 1968 una ocasión idónea para ensalzar la próxima restauración del trono de los Borbones a la muerte del dictador, sobre todo ponderando el apoyo de la juventud española.
Atividade física como fator de proteção para sintomas do climatério
Authors: Costa Juliene Gonçalves , Souza Tállita Cristina Ferreira de , Dias Priscila Aline , Nakamura Priscila Missaki , Puga Guilherme Morais
Published: June 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a associação entre os sintomas e qualidade de vida (QDV) no climatério com o nível e intensidade da atividade física (AF), índice de massa corporal (IMC), utilização de terapia hormonal da menopausa (THM) e nível de escolaridade. O estudo foi realizado com 641 mulheres climatéricas, com 56 ± 6 anos de idade, que preencheram o Índice de Kupperman-Blatt (IKB) e Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) para avaliar os sintomas do climatério, a Escala de Cervantes (EC) para avaliar a QDV, o Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física – versão curta (IPAQ) para avaliar AF e perguntas sobre peso, estatura, uso de THM e nível de escolaridade. Foi realizado a correlação de Spearman no software SPSS 26 e a regressão logística binária no software Stata 14.0, adotando-se um p < 0,05. Ter nível de escolaridade universitário (IKB = 44%), praticar mais de 150 minutos de AF total/semana (IKB = 48%) e mais de 10 minutos de AF vigorosa/semana (IKB = 36%), são fatores de proteção para sintomas vasomotores, fraqueza, cefaleia, parestesia, vertigem, artralgia ou mialgia, palpitações, formigamentos e sintomas relacionados ao humor moderado/acentuado. Ter IMC normal (EC = 43%), nível de escolaridade universitário (EC = 46%) e praticar mais de 150 minutos de AF total/semana (EC = 61%), são fatores protetores de proteção para melhor QDV. Para sintomas psicológicos, somáticos e urogenital, avaliados pelo MRS, não houve associação com os fatores de exposição. Assim, atingir as recomendações de AF, ter nível de escolaridade universitário e o IMC normal são fatores de proteção para sintomas climatéricos moderados e acentuados e QDV.
Effects of Air Quality on Housing Location: A Predictive Dynamic Continuum User-Optimal Approach
Authors: Yang Liangze , Wong S. C. , Ho H. W. , Zhang Mengping , Shu Chi-Wang
Published: June 2022

Recent decades have seen increasing concerns regarding air quality in housing locations. This study proposes a predictive continuum dynamic user-optimal model with combined choice of housing location, destination, route, and departure time. A traveler’s choice of housing location is modeled by a logit-type demand distribution function based on air quality, housing rent, and perceived travel costs. Air quality, or air pollutants, within the modeling region are governed by the vehicle-emission model and the advection-diffusion equation for dispersion. In this study, the housing-location problem is formulated as a fixed-point problem and the predictive continuum dynamic user-optimal model with departure-time consideration is formulated as a variational inequality problem. The Lax-Friedrichs scheme, the fast-sweeping method, the Goldstein-Levitin-Polyak projection algorithm, and self-adaptive successive averages are adopted to discretize and solve these problems. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the characteristics of the proposed housing-location choice problem with consideration of air quality and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the solution algorithms.
Análise dos ethé de Marielle Franco
Authors: Lessa Cláudio H , Bicalho Adriana Célia da Silva , Rio Verde Dilma Campelo , Moreira Lucimara
Published: June 2022

Neste artigo, analisamos a construção do ethos prévio e discursivo de Marielle Franco, brasileira negra, atuante ativista pelos direitos humanos, que procurou mudar sua realidade e a de outras mulheres em situações análogas a dela, mas teve seu sonho interrompido pela morte violenta da qual foi vítima. Para compreender as pretensões de validez desses discursos, utilizamos como instrumentais teórico-metodológicos as concepções de ethos da Análise do Discurso, predominantemente de vertente francesa, representadas por Maingueneau (2004, 2008), Charaudeau (2004, 2008), Amossy (2008) e Abreu-Aoki (2016) aplicadas em três textos do gênero entrevista, realizadas com Marielle. Procuramos detectar na materialidade linguística elementos que pudessem nos mostrar como se constituiria o processo de projeção de ethé na e pela enunciação da ex-deputada em suas alocuções nas entrevistas, a partir do exame de formas linguísticas que realizam os atos alocutivo (de endereçamento ao interlocutor); elocutivo (pelo qual o enunciador marca sua posição em relação ao que diz) e delocutivo (asserções e representação de discursos do outro no fio do dizer). O estudo serviu-nos para mostrar como ela mobilizou, ações e fatos da vida para construir uma imagem que pudesse levá-la ao poder público e, com isso, dar visibilidade às demandas daqueles representados por ela.
Economia e/ou saúde: uma análise pragmática do posicionamento do governo Bolsonaro no ambiente digital durante a pandemia
Authors: Figueira Mayra Duarte , Neves-Hora Lídia Gurgel , Hora Daniel
Published: June 2022

Em consonância com as práticas sociais não virtuais, as interações nos ambientes digitais podem consolidar discursos que refletem solidariedade, justiça social e dignidade humana, mas também o contrário disso, como reforço à desigualdade social, e construção de ódio e desinformação. Este artigo propõe uma análise, sob a perspectiva pragmática, de uma publicação do presidente da República brasileiro, Jair Messias Bolsonaro,  na rede social Facebook, em 8 de julho de 2020, um dia após o anúncio de seu teste positivo para covid-19, e dos comentários realizados na postagem. Para isso, baseamo-nos na elaboração dos enquadres e footing (GOFFMAN ([1979] 2002), bem como nas representações socialmente construídas pela quebra das máximas conversacionais, propostas por Grice (1982). Apoiamo-nos nas ferramentas da ciência de dados e na Análise do Discurso Digital (PAVEAU, 2014, 2017) para analisar a linguagem em seu ambiente/contexto nativo on-line, inclusive com as informações do algoritmo.Constatamos, pois, que os enquadres de Jair Bolsonaro revelam uma produção discursiva que prioriza aspectos não sociais e legitimam um desprezo pelos cuidados sanitários durante o período da pandemia e essa circulação e da ocupação discursiva no ambiente digital é corroborada pelos interlocutores na postagem em análise.
“Ele é um irresponsável” – efeitos de pathos visados em capas da Veja sobre a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Rebello Ilana Da Silva
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho, baseando-se, sobretudo, na teoria Semiolinguística de Análise do Discurso de Charaudeau, a partir de um corpus midiático atual, investiga a patemização em capas da Veja, disponíveis no site da revista, dos anos de 2020 e 2021, sobre a pandemia do coronavírus. Pelo viés da Semiolinguística, a emoção é estudada a partir dos efeitos visados, do processo discursivo pelo qual a emoção pode ser suscitada. Parte-se da hipótese de que a Veja legitima e veicula seu discurso ideológico, pondo em evidência determinadas escolhas e noticiando o que julga importante saber, de uma maneira particular, não-transparente. Textos verbal e não verbal não são uma reprodução fiel do fato bruto, mas uma interpretação impregnada de ideologia. Outra hipótese é a de que a revista apela diretamente para as emoções do sujeito destinatário, provocando a espetacularização da notícia e, consequentemente, produzindo polêmica. Nesse sentido, o estudo aponta que as capas da Veja funcionam como uma espécie de “espelho social”, ao concretizarem o projeto previamente planejado de construção de sentidos, quer lógicos, ideológicos, emocionais, estéticos quer de outra natureza do Eu-comunicante.
O debate sobre aporofobia promovido pelo Padre Júlio Lancellotti nas redes sociais: uma análise semiolinguística
Authors: Melo Mônica Souza
Published: June 2022

Nosso artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a repercussão das publicações do padre Júlio Lancelotti no instagram, ao longo do mês de janeiro de 2022 que denunciavam a prática da aporofobia pela adoção de uma “arquitetura hostil” em várias cidades brasileiras. Interessam-nos, especificamente, os comentários que se opõem às publicações de Lancelotti e que reproduzem e reforçam o sentimento de aversão ao pobre que o padre denuncia.  Para empreender nossa análise, adotamos como eixo teórico a análise semiolinguística do discurso, de Patrick Charaudeau, em especial a noção de imaginário sociodiscursivo e os procedimentos relativos ao modo de organização argumentativo, definidos por esse autor. Tal análise nos permitiu constatar que as publicações que apoiam as atitudes de aporofobia citam argumentos que reforçam uma série de imaginários negativos associados à imagem da pessoa em situação de rua, que a colocam como um ser nocivo à população em geral, o que faz com que essas publicações tenham o potencial de incitar os leitores a fomentarem um sentimento de aversão ao pobre.
Button batteries in the ear, nose and throat: a novel survey of knowledge of UK advanced nurse practitioners
Authors: Lotfallah Andrew , Al-Hity Shams , Rodrigues Rodney , Hamzah Aisha , Kumar Ravi , Darr Adnan
Published: June 2022

Background:

Button battery (BB) impaction in the ear, nose and throat can result in significant morbidity. Advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs) are increasingly responsible for initial patient assessment and prompt escalation to otolaryngologists for definitive management.

Aim:

Our novel national study aimed to assess ANPs' knowledge with respect to the assessment and management of patients with BBs in the ear, nose and throat.

Method:

A national 13-point survey was disseminated among ANPs over a 2-week period. Knowledge was assessed through eight multiple choice questions with a maximum attainable score of 21.

Findings:

A total of 242 responses were analysed. Knowledge deficits were identified in all domains (mean overall score 8.5/21), including presenting clinical features, preliminary investigations and intervention strategies. The overwhelming majority of respondents (97%; n=234) advocated for further training.

Conclusion:

A need for further education has been highlighted by this surveyed cohort of ANPs. Implementation of standardised protocols, virtual resources and simulation platforms may address knowledge deficits.
Case study: night compression use in a patient with Milroy's disease
Authors: Chohan Ambreen , Sumner Simon , Olivier Mairi , Whitaker Justine
Published: June 2022

Aim:

Lymphoedema is associated with dysfunctional lymphatics, tissue fibrosis and inflammatory changes in the skin and local tissue. Ensuring compression supports tissue health is crucial to managing lymphoedema. Providing patients with safe compression which enhances their tissue health is paramount when supporting their 24-hour self-management regimens. This case study explores the use of a new compression garment in two sitting positions in an adult with primary lymphoedema.

Method:

An 18-year-old female (body mass index 25.2 kg/m2) with Milroy's disease was recruited. She attended two separate 1-hour sessions to evaluate tissue oxygenation (StO2) in chair-sitting and long-sitting (sitting up with a supported back and legs horizontal) positions. Following removal of her usual class 2 (20–30 mmHg) flat-knit compression hosiery, StO2 was recorded for 20 minutes: pre-, during and post the application of an adjustable compression garment (Lohmann & Rauscher) to the right leg.

Results:

In the long-sitting position, StO2 levels started high at baseline (94.5%), and were relatively maintained both during and post-a short 20-minute intervention (94.1%). In the chair-sitting position, StO2 levels were significantly lower at baseline (52%), showing a 77% increase during the intervention (92%), followed by a small 9% decrease post-intervention (83.7%).

Conclusion:

This compression garment significantly increased StO2 levels in the chair-sitting position, while maintaining the effects of the patient's compression stockings, in the long-sitting position. Similar to non-lymphoedematous limbs, the patient's normal prescription hosiery maintains StO2. Through implementation of the short intervention sessions, night compression garments may have the potential to improve tissue health in individuals with primary lymphoedema, encouraging self-management and offering a potential night compression solution where the need arises in a 24-hour management plan.
An alternative method for identification of industrial tomato hybrids using NIRS
Authors: Santana Igor Galvão , Brito Annelisa Arruda de , Aguiar Fernanda Campos de Oliveira , Campos Luiz Fernandes Cardoso , Corrêa Gilmarcos de Carvalho , Nascimento Abadia dos Reis , Cunha Junior Luís Carlos
Published: June 2022

The use of high productive-potential hybrids was one of the reasons for the increase in productivity in the agricultural segment of tomatoes for industrial processing. Thus, among the cultivars available on the market, in general, those that combine greater productivity with quality and that satisfy the needs of industries are chosen. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the best time to implement near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as an alternative method for identifying industrial tomato hybrids. Seeds from the hybrids: CRV8126, H9553, HMX4890, TPX28699 were used and 10 spectra were collected from a set of 20 seeds, from cotyledonary leaves of ten seedlings at 15 days after sowing (DAS) and from the true leaf of ten seedlings at 30 DAS. The results showed that the technique of spectroscopy in the near-infrared range, associated with multivariate analysis, allowed the discrimination of the studied hybrids. The phase in which the best results were obtained in the identification of each hybrid was in the seed, obtaining accuracy values above 90.00% and sensitivity of 100.00%, which proves the use of this instrumental technique on a portable scale for tomato hybrids with a high assertiveness rate.
Enhanced poling and infiltration for highly efficient electro-optic polymer-based Mach-Zehnder modulators
Authors: Taghavi Iman , Dehghannasiri Razi , Fan Tianren , Tofini Alexander , Moradinejad Hesam , Efterkhar Ali. A. , Shekhar Sudip , Chrostowski Lukas , Jaeger Nicolas A. F. , Adibi Ali
Published: June 2022

An ultra-narrow 40-nm slotted waveguide is fabricated to enable highly efficient, electro-optic polymer modulators. Our measurement results indicate that VπL’s below ∼ 1.19 V.mm are possible for the balanced Mach-Zehnder modulators using this ultra-narrow slotted waveguide on a hybrid silicon-organic hybrid platform. Our simulations suggest that VπL’s can be further reduced to ∼ 0.35 V.mm if appropriate doping is utilized. In addition to adapting standard recipes, we developed two novel fabrication processes to achieve miniaturized devices with high modulation sensitivity. To boost compactness and decrease the overall footprint, we use a fabrication approach based on air bridge interconnects on thick, thermally-reflowed, MaN 2410 E-beam resist protected by an alumina layer. To overcome the challenges of high currents and imperfect infiltration of polymers into ultra-narrow slots, we use a carefully designed, atomically-thin layer of TiO2 as a carrier barrier to enhance the efficiency of our electro-optic polymers. The anticipated increase in total capacitance due to the TiO2 layer is negligible. Applying our TiO2 surface treatment to the ultra-narrow slot allows us to obtain an improved index change efficiency (∂n/∂V) of ∼ 22% for a 5 nm TiO2 layer. Furthermore, compared to non-optimized cases, our peak measured current during poling is reduced by a factor of ∼ 3.
Enhanced chiral sensing in achiral nanostructures with linearly polarized light
Authors: Liu Wenen , Deng Longjiang , Guo Yang , Yang Weihao , Xia Shuang , Yan Wei , Yang Yucong , Qin Jun , Bi Lei
Published: June 2022

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures can generate large superchiral near fields owing to their intrinsic chirality, leveraging applications for molecule chirality sensing. However, the large structural chirality of chiral nanostructures poses the risk of overshadowing molecular chiral signals, hampering the practical application of chiral nanostructures. Herein, we propose an achiral nanorod that shows no structural chirality and presents strong superchiral near-fields with linearly polarized incidence. The mechanism of the strong superchiral near-field originates from the coupling between the evanescent fields of the localized surface plasmon resonance and incident light. The enhanced near-field optical chirality at the corners of the nanorods reached 25 at a wavelength of 790 nm. Meanwhile, the sign of optical chirality can be tuned by the polarization of the incident light, which provides a convenient way to control the handedness of the light. Furthermore, the enantiomers of D- and L-phenylalanine molecules were experimentally characterized using an achiral platform, which demonstrated a promising nanophotonic platform for chiral biomedical sensing.
High-quality fiber Bragg grating inscribed in ZBLAN fiber using femtosecond laser point-by-point technology
Authors: Chen Lin , Fu Cailing , Cai Zhihao , Shen Pengsheng , Fan Yu , Zhong Huajian , Du Chao , Meng Yanjie , Wang Yiping , Liao Changrui , He Jun , Bao Weijia
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the fabrication of a high-quality fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in ZBLAN fiber by using an efficient femtosecond laser point-by-point technology. Two types of FBG, e.g., high coupling coefficient and narrow bandwidth grating, are successfully obtained. The coupling coefficient is strongly dependent on the grating order and pulse energy. A second-order FBG with an ultrahigh coupling coefficient of 325 m−1 and reflectivity of 97.8% is inscribed in the ZBLAN fiber. A pair of FBGs with a narrow FWHM of 0.30 and 0.09 nm are also demonstrated.
LED-pumped Cr:LiSAF laser system operating at 100 Hz based on a multipass amplifier
Authors: Taleb Hussein , Blanc Catherine Le , Thellier Elio , Pichon Pierre , Druon Frédéric , Balembois François , Georges Patrick
Published: June 2022

The LED-pumping technology is used for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, to develop a complete master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system including a multipass amplifier. A pumping head using an original slab architecture is developed integrating a Cr:LiSAF slab pumped by 2112 blue LEDs via a Ce:YAG luminescent concentrator. The slab configuration enables the reaching of a large number of passes—up to 22—together with access to efficient cooling, allowing for a repetition rate scale up. For 22 passes, the amplifier delivers pulses with energy up to 2.4 mJ at 10-Hz repetition rate with a gain of 4.36 at 825 nm. A complete study of the MOPA is described, concluding in nearly constant performances versus the repetition rate, up to 100 Hz.
Ten simple rules for improving communication among scientists
Authors: Bautista Carla , Alfuraiji Narjes , Drangowska-Way Anna , Gangwani Karishma , de Flamingh Alida , Bourne Philip E.
Published: June 2022

Communication is a fundamental part of scientific development and methodology. With the advancement of the internet and social networks, communication has become rapid and sometimes overwhelming, especially in science. It is important to provide scientists with useful, effective, and dynamic tools to establish and build a fluid communication framework that allows for scientific advancement. Therefore, in this article, we present advice and recommendations that can help promote and improve science communication while respecting an adequate balance in the degree of commitment toward collaborative work. We have developed 10 rules shown in increasing order of commitment that are grouped into 3 key categories: (1) speak (based on active participation); (2) join (based on joining scientific groups); and (3) assess (based on the analysis and retrospective consideration of the weaknesses and strengths). We include examples and resources that provide actionable strategies for involvement and engagement with science communication, from basic steps to more advanced, introspective, and long-term commitments. Overall, we aim to help spread science from within and encourage and engage scientists to become involved in science communication effectively and dynamically.
Identifying control ensembles for information processing within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuit
Authors: Vich Catalina , Clapp Matthew , Rubin Jonathan E. , Verstynen Timothy
Published: June 2022

In situations featuring uncertainty about action-reward contingencies, mammals can flexibly adopt strategies for decision-making that are tuned in response to environmental changes. Although the cortico-basal ganglia thalamic (CBGT) network has been identified as contributing to the decision-making process, it features a complex synaptic architecture, comprised of multiple feed-forward, reciprocal, and feedback pathways, that complicate efforts to elucidate the roles of specific CBGT populations in the process by which evidence is accumulated and influences behavior. In this paper we apply a strategic sampling approach, based on Latin hypercube sampling, to explore how variations in CBGT network properties, including subpopulation firing rates and synaptic weights, map to variability of parameters in a normative drift diffusion model (DDM), representing algorithmic aspects of information processing during decision-making. Through the application of canonical correlation analysis, we find that this relationship can be characterized in terms of three low-dimensional control ensembles within the CBGT network that impact specific qualities of the emergent decision policy: responsiveness (a measure of how quickly evidence evaluation gets underway, associated with overall activity in corticothalamic and direct pathways), pliancy (a measure of the standard of evidence needed to commit to a decision, associated largely with overall activity in components of the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia), and choice (a measure of commitment toward one available option, associated with differences in direct and indirect pathways across action channels). These analyses provide mechanistic predictions about the roles of specific CBGT network elements in tuning the way that information is accumulated and translated into decision-related behavior.
Reconstructing the history of founder events using genome-wide patterns of allele sharing across individuals
Authors: Tournebize Rémi , Chu Gillian , Moorjani Priya
Published: June 2022

Founder events play a critical role in shaping genetic diversity, fitness and disease risk in a population. Yet our understanding of the prevalence and distribution of founder events in humans and other species remains incomplete, as most existing methods require large sample sizes or phased genomes. Thus, we developedASCENDthat measures the correlation in allele sharing between pairs of individuals across the genome to infer the age and strength of founder events. We show thatASCENDcan reliably estimate the parameters of founder events under a range of demographic scenarios. We then applyASCENDto two species with contrasting evolutionary histories: ~460 worldwide human populations and ~40 modern dog breeds. In humans, we find that over half of the analyzed populations have evidence for recent founder events, associated with geographic isolation, modes of sustenance, or cultural practices such as endogamy. Notably, island populations have lower population sizes than continental groups and most hunter-gatherer, nomadic and indigenous groups have evidence of recent founder events. Many present-day groups––including Native Americans, Oceanians and South Asians––have experienced more extreme founder events than Ashkenazi Jews who have high rates of recessive diseases due their known history of founder events. Using ancient genomes, we show that the strength of founder events differs markedly across geographic regions and time––with three major founder events related to the peopling of Americas and a trend in decreasing strength of founder events in Europe following the Neolithic transition and steppe migrations. In dogs, we estimate extreme founder events in most breeds that occurred in the last 25 generations, concordant with the establishment of many dog breeds during the Victorian times. Our analysis highlights a widespread history of founder events in humans and dogs and elucidates some of the demographic and cultural practices related to these events.
Distinct developmental and degenerative functions of SARM1 require NAD+ hydrolase activity
Authors: Brace E. J. , Essuman Kow , Mao Xianrong , Palucki John , Sasaki Yo , Milbrandt Jeff , DiAntonio Aaron
Published: June 2022

SARM1 is the founding member of the TIR-domain family of NAD+hydrolases and the central executioner of pathological axon degeneration. SARM1-dependent degeneration requires NAD+hydrolysis. Prior to the discovery that SARM1 is an enzyme, SARM1 was studied as a TIR-domain adaptor protein with non-degenerative signaling roles in innate immunity and invertebrate neurodevelopment, including at theDrosophilaneuromuscular junction (NMJ). Here we explore whether the NADase activity of SARM1 also contributes to developmental signaling. We developed transgenicDrosophila linesthat express SARM1 variants with normal, deficient, and enhanced NADase activity and tested their function in NMJ development. We find that NMJ overgrowth scales with the amount of NADase activity, suggesting an instructive role for NAD+hydrolysis in this developmental signaling pathway. While degenerative and developmental SARM1 signaling share a requirement for NAD+hydrolysis, we demonstrate that these signals use distinct upstream and downstream mechanisms. These results identify SARM1-dependent NAD+hydrolysis as a heretofore unappreciated component of developmental signaling. SARM1 now joins sirtuins and Parps as enzymes that regulate signal transduction pathways via mechanisms that involve NAD+cleavage, greatly expanding the potential scope of SARM1 TIR NADase functions.