bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seropositivity of COVID-19 Among Healthy Voluntary Blood Donors and Its Association with Blood Groups: A Reflection of Burden of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Cases in The District of South Gujarat
Authors: Kumar M Kiran , Bhuva Dimel , Patel Snehal , Shah Ankita , Kavishvar Abhay
Published: September 2022

Introduction: First case of COVID-19 in the district was reported on 19th March 2020, thereby increasing exponentially, presenting with various symptoms to having few or no symptoms, posing challenge to prevent disease transmission by being a significant source of infection. This study conducted to assess relationship between COVID-19 infection within blood groups and burden of reported cases in the district to seropositivity among donors.
Methodology: This is a prospective observational study from second largest blood bank of south Gujarat, catering to a population of seven million, 4916 donors from the month of August 2020 to May 2021 participated in the study.
Observations: Seropositivity was found to be 54.6%, with higher prevalence (68.63%) among female compared to male (54.45%), there was no statistical difference among age groups & RH groups, blood group AB was found to have highest seropositivity followed by A, B and O group. First time donors seropositivity was higher compared to frequent donors among the study participants. Seropositivity among donors was positively corelated with RTPCR Positivity rate reported in the district.
Conclusions: Looking at similar trend of active surveillance and its correlation to blood bank positivity, we urge policy makers to strengthen hospital-based surveillance for real time insights.
A Time-Motion Analysis of An Urban Immunization Facility in The Konkan Region of India
Authors: Chopade Rahul , Kamate Ravikiran Padmakar , Bhaisare Kalpalata Abhiman
Published: September 2022

Context/Background: Time motion studies involve the collection of data regarding the amount of time necessary to perform a specific movement or task by individuals or groups of people. Thus, hospital administrators can determine how much time is needed to execute that activity and whether the time is used efficiently and whether there is any possibility of improvement.
Aims/Objectives: To study the operational efficiency of an immunization clinic attached to the urban health training centre. To assess the perception of patients regarding the health service delivery in the immunization OPD.
Methodology: It was an observational study carried out in the immunization clinic of an urban health training center attached to a tertiary medical college, in the Konkan region of India for over 6 months. About 300 patients were included in the study.
Results: According to 23.34% of study participants, the total time was too long. 24% of study participants were not satisfied with the total time taken while 48.33% of study participants were satisfied with the total time.
Conclusions: Management of time at various levels of the healthcare system is a need for the hour and necessary remedial actions should be initiated for optimal functioning of the healthcare system.
Ortaokul Öğretmenlerinin Öğrenci Velilerinden Beklentileri
Authors: MANOLOVA YALÇIN Oksana , NURYYEVA Aygul
Published: September 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokulda eğitim almakta olan öğrencilerin daha nitelikli eğitim alabilmeleri için öğretmenlerin öğrenci velilerine yönelik beklentilerinin neler olduğunu saptamaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji modeli uygun görülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesine bağlı resmi ortaokulda 20 ve özel ortaokulda görev yapmakta olan 20 ortaokul öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmış, görüşmeler yüz yüze yapılmış ve içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda ortaokul öğretmen görüşleri üç kategori altında toplanmıştır. Bu temalar “Veli-öğrenci ilişkisi, istenen ve istenmeyen davranışlar”, “Veli-öğretmen ilişkisi, istenen ve istenmeyen davranışlar”, “Veli-okul ilişkisi” olarak belirlenmiştir. Ortaokul öğretmenleri veli-öğrenci ilişkisine yönelik en çok çocuğun derslerini takip etmeli, çocuğuna sorumluluk vermeli, çocuğuyla yakından ilgilenmeli ve çocuğun teknoloji kullanımını kontrol altına almalı, veli-öğretmen ilişkisine yönelik öğretmenle işbirliği ve iletişim içinde olmalı, saygı duymalı, veli-okul ilişkisine yönelik veli toplantılarına devamlı katılım sağlanmalı olarak belirtmişlerdir.
Tailoring the structural and optical properties of zinc oxide with addition of bismuth oxide prepared by two step process
Authors: SANUSI Saedah Munirah , MOHAMED Ruziana , AHMAD Nurin Jazlina , MUHAMAD Myzatul Azlyn
Published: September 2022

This study was done to investigate the impact of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) composites on the zinc oxide (ZnO) properties for varistor applications. ZnO-Bi2O3 samples were prepared using a two-step process, precipitation, and solid-state method. Bi2O3 was added into ZnO at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mol%). All samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV visible spectroscopy. XRD results have shown that the crystallite size of ZnO-Bi2O3 samples became smaller when Bi2O3 was added from 0.5 mol% to 1.0 mol%. However, the crystallite size of ZnO-Bi2O3 increased over 1.0 mol% of Bi2O3 concentration. The smallest particle and grain size of ZnO-Bi2O3 appeared when composite at 1.0 mol% concentration of Bi2O3. The homogeneity and smallest grain size might be suitable to be used for varistor application. The absorbance of ZnO-Bi2O3 decreased as the Bi2O3 concentration increased. Therefore, adding Bi2O3 at various concentrations into the ZnO host material can tailor its structural and optical properties.
A molecular dynamics simulation study to investigate the effect of C60 on thermo- mechanical and elastic properties of DGEBA/DETA nanocomposites
Authors: TALUKDAR Dhritiman , HALDER Sudipta , DAS Subhankar , GOYAT M.S. , MISHRA Abhishek Kumar
Published: September 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the effect of  fullerenes (C60) on the thermal and mechanical properties of a cross-linked epoxy system composed of epoxy resin DGEBA and curing agent DETA. Hence, a comparative investigation was performed on the thermal and mechanical properties of DGEBA/DETA reinforced with 2.3 wt% C60 and neat epoxy systems. Properties such as glass transition temperature (GTT), coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), and elastic properties at different cross-linking densities. Simulation results indicated that the GTT of the epoxy increased by about 25 K due to the presence of C60. The effect of C60 on the CTE was very less, and at higher crosslinking densities, an increase in CTE before the glass transition was observed.   It was also observed that the effect of C60 on mechanical properties is dependent on the crosslinking density. The young’s modulus of the epoxy/C60 system at a high strain rate showed a drastic decrease as compared to the neat epoxy system at higher crosslinking densities. The highest value of young’s modulus of the epoxy/C60 system was observed at 65% crosslinking density.
Sm3+ doped Mn-Zn mixed ferrites: Synthesis and characterization
Authors: SHRIVASTAVA Anjali , SHRIVASTAVA A. K.
Published: September 2022

Pure and Samarium (Sm3+) doped Mn-Zn ferrites were synthesized using Co-precipitation method. The Sm3+ concentration varied from 0.1% to 0.3%. This was added to the solution during the synthesis of Mn-Zn ferrites (Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) at room temperature. The precipitate so obtained was annealed at 200℃ for 4 h and then crushed to powder. The powdered material was subjected to structural, morphological, compositional, optical and magnetic characterization. XRD shows cubic spinal structure with crystallite size of the order of 6 nm. TEM and SEM images show spherical particles are in good agreement with XRD data. EDAX indicates stoichiometry of elements present in material. FTIR shows various functional groups and doped samarium. VSM for pure Mn:Zn ferrite show hysteresis with high magnetization, coercivity and low remanence. All the magnetic parameters decrease on 0.1% Sm3+ doping. These parameters get increased, compared to values at 0.1% doping, on increasing Sm3+ doping to 0.2%. On further increasing Sm3+ doping to 0.3%, the magnetic parameters show insignificant changes. VSM shows that Sm3+ affects magnetic properties significantly only at lower doping concentrations. These changes are due to Sm3+ substitution at tetrahedral and octahedral positions. The ionic radii mismatch in between Samarium and iron influence the magnetic parameters of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4.
Progress of water desalination applications based on wettability and surface characteristics of graphene and graphene oxide: A review
Authors: ELTIGANI Husam Hussein Ibrahim , BOONYONGMANEERAT Yuttanant
Published: September 2022

Seawater desalination techniques have been continuously developed to tackle the water scarcity problems. This review article provides comprehensive discussion on the progress of water desalination applications that utilize the unique wettability and surface characteristics of graphene and graphene oxides, which are being employed as ultrafiltration membranes in either a monolayer or multilayer nanosheet configuration. The interaction of water with graphene materials and their wetting characteristics as well as the controlling factors are examined.  Particularly, the designs and roles of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanopores and nanochannels are discussed. A focus is also made on recent developments of graphene membrane with respect to water flow, salt rejection and durability.
The Influence of Different Crystal Modifiers on Ultra-Low Embodied Energy Curing Fiber-Reinforced Cement Composites
Authors: SONPRASARN Passakorn , PRAKAYPAN Wichit , POLSILAPA Sureerat , KONGKAJUN Nuntaporn , LAITILA Edward A. , CHUANKRERKKUL Nutthita , CHAKARTNARODOM Parinya
Published: September 2022

Fiber-reinforced cement composites (FRCC) are widely used in the construction of houses and commercial buildings in many countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, the European countries, and the Asian countries such as China, India, and Thailand.  Conventionally, the FRCC is manufactured from Portland cement, silica sand, and cellulose fiber using the so-called autoclaved curing under a designate hydrothermal condition to accelerate the hydration reaction resulting in superior properties.  However, the autoclave-curing process needs a huge investment and generates highly environmental impact specially greenhouse gases due to its heavy energy consumption.  Hence, this research aims to develop the FRCC with lowering embodied energy via the energy-free moisture curing process.  The use of different crystal modifiers (CM) including synthetic tobermorite, alumino-silicate complex, and modified lithium compound in addition of the usual FRCC composition to drive the hydration kinetic and then properties achieved were characterized by the relevance of higher heat of hydration.  Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to reveal the favorable effects of appropriate CM through the microstructure.  The results approved that the FRCC with qualified mechanical performance and densified microstructure was successfully produced by using the appropriate moisture curing condition and CM. Additionally, using alumino-silicate complex as CM at 3% of cement weight produced FRCC with the highest modulus of elasticity of 9,067 ± 492 MPa, and the lowest % water absorption of 27.42 ± 1.65 %.
Hypoglycemic and in vitro antioxidant activities of Stereospermum kunthianum stem bark hydromethanol extract
Authors: ODE Julius O. , NWINYI Florence , EGUA Maxwell O. , ONAKPA Monday M. , AKANDE Ganiyat M. , ONOJA Samuel O. , MIKAIL Hudu G. , AKUMKA David D. , ADAMU Mohammed
Published: September 2022

This study investigated Stereospermum kunthianum stem bark hydromethanol extract for hypoglycemic and in vitro antioxidant activities. Phytochemical analyses were performed to determine the components of the extract.  In vitro antioxidant activities of the extract were assessed with 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and ferric reducing /antioxidant power assays. An oral acute toxicity study to determine the safe dose of the extract was conducted in albino Wistar rats. Evaluation of the extract's hypoglycemic activities on blood glucose levels of normal, glucose loaded and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were performed. The extract contained various constituents, including saponins, terpenes, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, alkaloids, and steroids.  1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay proved more sensitive, showing a concentration-dependent increase in antioxidant capacity of the extract, which peaked at 71.8% relative to ascorbic acid (92.9%) at the highest test concentration (400 μg mL-1). The rats tolerated Stereospermum kunthianum extracts with the oral LD50 of more than 5000 mg kg-1. Interestingly, various doses (100-400 mg kg-1) of the extract were effective in causing significant (p≤0.05) reductions in the blood glucose levels of normoglycemic, glucose challenged and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats when compared to their controls. The results suggest that the stem bark extract of S. kunthianum was a relatively safe herbal extract, rich in phytochemicals, possessed good antioxidant activity, with potential anti-diabetic effects.
Increasing liana biomass and carbon stocks in tropical dry evergreen forests of southern India
Authors: NATH Snigdha , BABU Kanda N. , DAR Ashaq A. , PARTHASARATHY Narayanaswamy
Published: September 2022

Tropical forests act as a great carbon reservoir covering about 30% of the global carbon content, however, structural alteration of these forests caused by forest disturbances adversely affects the carbon cycle. One such structural change happening in these tropical forests is the increasing dominance of lianas (woody climbers). Among various tropical forest types, lianas are an integral constituent of the tropical dry evergreen forests (TDEFs) found in peninsular India. A re-inventory of lianas was carried out to observe temporal changes in basal area and carbon stock in two 1-ha permanent plots of two disturbed tropical dry evergreen forest sites (TDEF; Oorani -OR and Puthupet - PP) over a 19-year interval (2001-2020). The total basal area in OR and PP increased respectively by 2.26 m2 ha-1 and 0.93 m2 ha-1. The total biomass and the carbon stock in OR and PP increased by 82% and 51% respectively. The dominant species Strychnos lenticellata showed an increase in its basal area by three-fold in OR, whereas, in PP, a marginal increase of 4% was observed. The lower diameter class (1-6 cm) showed an increase in basal area in OR and PP by 101% and 16% respectively. The mid-diameter class (6-11 cm) was the top contributor of the total biomass/carbon in both OR and PP in the latest re-inventory (2020). The present results show that lianas, although known to negatively affect the forest biomass/carbon stock, play an important role in carbon sequestration, thus providing insights into their ecological importance which will certainly be useful in proposing strategies for the conservation of this forest type dominated by lianas.
Great doctors and scientists from the East: from princes of Persia, to icons of Asian science
Authors: SHAHRAJABIAN Mohamad Hesam , SUN Wenli
Published: September 2022

Asian scholars especially from Iran and China preserved most of the wisdom and knowledge of antiquity in their writing and they had great influence even on both European traditional and modern medical sciences. The current searching was done by the keywords in main indexing systems including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science as well as the search engine of Google Scholar. Avicenna famous book was Canon, which reviewed all medical knowledge studied by the ancient Greek and Muslim scientists. Avicenna has introduced many medicinal plants and herbs and its knowledge influenced by both Eastern and Western traditional science. Rhazes was a great Persian alchemist, musician, mathematician, philosopher and physician. Bian Que was one of the most famous medical man and physician in ancient China who attached particular importance to the changes in the pulse examination. He is known as the founder of traditional Chinese medicine, and his four diagnostic methods were inspection, smelling and listening, inquiry, and palpation. Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, and Ge Hong were eclectic philosophers who dedicated his life to searching for physical immortality and traditional Chinese medicine, which he thought was attainable through alchemy. Sun Simiao also valued sanitation, exercise and disease prevention. Li Shizhen, a famous Chinese scholar who compiled a highly influential material medica. It is recommended to survey on their rules in different majors with details in future studies to make a better connection between modern and historical medical science.
Diversity of butterflies in Victoria Park Reserve Forest, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
Authors: TRIVEDI Devanshi , MAKWANA Vishal M. , SHUKLA Ashish H. , DODIA Pravinsang P.
Published: September 2022

Documentation of biodiversity is crucial for examining the health of ecosystems. Many species act as an ecological indicator due to their susceptibility to changes in a particular environment. Butterflies, providing vital ecosystem services, respond uniquely to urbanization and can be a good tool for the assessment of the well-being of the habitat. The present study, one of its first kind in the particular habitat, provides a comprehensive outlook on the species diversity and abundance of butterflies at Victoria Park Reserve Forest, an urban forest area in Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. The survey was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019 across all seasons. A total of 69 species belonging to 45 genera and five different families were recorded. The most diverse family was Lycaenidae (33.33%), followed by Nymphalidae (31.88%), Pieridae (21.74%), Papilionidae (7.25%), and Hesperiidae (5.80%). Junonia , was the dominant genus with six species. Out of the total recorded species,12 species are listed under the Least Concern category of the IUCN red list and 57 species are Not Evaluated. Seasonal variation in the number of species was observed, which shows the highest number of species in September (n=63) and the lowest in May (n=22). The abundance of the butterfly community was found to be highest during August (26.37%) and the lowest during February (1.85%). This study provided an understanding of the butterfly community in the habitat and would encourage further research for habitat restoration in the reserve forest.
Inhibitory potential of rutin on lipopolysaccharide-induced toxicity and inflammatory response of raw U937 cells and macrophages
Authors: OKOKO Tebekeme , ROBERT Faith O.
Published: September 2022

Rutin is an important flavonoid found in plants with enormous pharmacological activities in various experimental models while lipopolysaccharide is an amphipathic glycolipid with potent inflammatory activity. The protective effect of rutin on lipopolysaccharide-mediated cytotoxity and inflammatory effect on U937 cells and macrophages was investigated. U937 cells were incubated with or without rutin (50 - 200 µM) and later exposed to lipopolysaccharide (5 µg/mL). Cell viability and the production of reactive oxygen species were later analyzed. In the other experiment, the cells were differentially-induced to macrophages and incubated with or without rutin before lipopolysaccharide exposure. The secretion of cytokines and expression of some transcription factors and enzymes were analyzed. It revealed that incubating cells with lipopolysaccharide alone caused significant cell death and production of reactive oxygen species which were reduced when cells were pre-incubated with rutin. Exposure of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide also resulted in significant secretion of both TNF-α and IL-6 which was reduced by rutin. Endotoxin also enhanced the expression of the transcription factors (NF-κB and iNOS) while reduced the expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. The lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in transcription were significantly reduced when macrophages were pre-incubated with rutin. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Comparative morphological and anatomical traits of Adenia lobata (Jacq) Engl. and Adenia cissampeloides (Planch. ex Benth.) Harms. (Passifloraceae)
Authors: CHIMEZIE Ekeke , AGOGBUA Josephine U.
Published: September 2022

Comparative morph-anatomical studies of leaf, stem, and tendril were carried out on two Adenia species to enhance the delimitation of the species. The Adenia species have alternate phyllotaxy, simple leaf, glands at the base of their petioles, hypostomatic, similar stomata types, solitary crystal, similar vascular bundle type, tanniferous cells, and dorsiventral leaves. Both species have tetracytic and anomocytic stomata in addition A. lobata had paracytic, and anisocytic stomata. Mucilaginous cells or cavities occurred in the petiole, leaf lamina, midrib, stem, and the tendril of A. cissampeloides but were only observed in the tendril and upper epidermis of A. lobata. The mucilaginous and tanniferous cells were more abundant in A. cissampeloides compared to A. lobata and could account for the reason why A. cissampeloides is used as fish poison. The sclereids in A. cissampeloides are surrounded by lignified cells while the ones in A. lobata do not have such feature. Also, xylem cells in the A. cissampeloides tendril are thicker compared to A. lobata. This could be attributed to the fact that the fruits in A. cissampeloides are directly attached to the tendril. The outline and number of vascular bundles in the midrib and petiole differed among the two species. In A. lobata, the ridge averaged 130 µm thick and 73.76 µm in A. cissampeloides. The analysed characteristics are valuable in the delimitation of these Adenia species.
Effect of magnetic treatment of irrigation water on germination, growth, yield and popping-quality of popcorn under deficit irrigation
Authors: YUSUF Kamorudeen O. , TOKOSI Rukayat O. , RAJI Mubaraq
Published: September 2022

Popcorn is an important crop that is grown for consumption and snacks production in Nigeria however; it has low production and poor yield to meet the demand in the country. This study was conducted to determine the effect of magnetic treatment of irrigation water (MTIW) on the percentage germination (GP), growth rate (GR), popping-quality and yield of popcorn under deficit irrigation. MTIW was produced by passing the water through pipe surrounded with neodymium magnet rated 1.3 Tesla. Popcorn (FRESHTOP variety) was planted in 16 buckets for MTIW and 16 buckets for non-magnetic water (NMW, as control). Four levels of water application as the treatments with 100% water requirements (1.5 liters), 80% (1.2 liters), 60% (0.9 liters) and 50% (0.75 liters) were applied to the popcorn irrigated with MTIW or NMW and monitored for 100 days. The popcorn was thinned to 1 bucket-1 and grown in a garden shed of 5 by 5m and 3m high at the center and 2.5m at the edges. GP of the popcorn at 100%, 80%, 60% and 50% for MW were 75%, 88%, 75%, 63% and for NMW, were 50%, 63%, 50% and 50%, respectively. Mean grain yield after shelled for 100%, 80%%, 60% and 50% with MTIW were 43.43, 50.86, 39.65 and 35.80 g/bucket and corresponding grain yield for NMW were 29.20, 39.43, 37.27 and 28.41 gbucket-1. Water applied at 80% produced the highest yield. MTIW increased the yield of popcorn by 48.73%, 28.88%, 6.39% and 26.01% for 100%, 80%, 60% and 50%, respectively. MTIW is recommended for growing ‘FRESHTOP’ variety popcorn.
Escherichia coli infection, a negative prognostic factor on the evolution of patients with surgical diseases
Authors: CRISAN Corina M. , PANDREA Stanca L. , TOMPA Manuela , MOCAN Teodora , PUIA Aida , MOCAN Lucian
Published: September 2022

The bacterium Escherichia coli, one of the most studied bacteria in the world, with the greatest epidemiological impact, includes both commensal and pathogenic strains, with a genome that can be extremely varied both in size and genetic content, and it also can produce numerous diseases with specific symptoms. The vast majority of these strains can cause severe gastrointestinal diseases, hemolytic uremic syndrome, hemorrhagic colitis, renal failure and even death. Hemolytic uremic syndrome can be a consequence of the presence of Escherichia coli infection in gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, uremia in patients with and without the declared renal comorbidity, was negatively correlated with the response to antibiotic treatment. The increase of uremia above 92 mg/dl increases the risk of death. The highest risk categories include people with kidney disease like comorbidities starting with admission in surgical and intensive care wards in IRGH Cluj-Napoca, having as main diagnosis of hospitalization surgical digestive diseases. The occurrence of Coli pathogen infection was associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in patients included in the study. In these patients, it was noticed the need to introduce therapy with increasingly complex antibiotic formulas, which lead to an increase in the duration and cost of hospitalization. In the studied group, due to E coli infection at admission, uremia had an average value of 23.99mg/dl +/-8.987(SD) in the case of patients without kidney disease, the number of patients with normal uremia values ​​was lower than that of those with increased values ​​of uremia. In the case of patients with confirmed kidney disease, uremia had mean values ​​of 65.76 mg/dl +/-52.41(SD). At discharge, both in the case of patients with renal disease and in the case of those without confirmed renal disease, the number of patients with normal values ​​of uremia was higher than those with pathological values, this proportion being reversed in the case of deceased patients where the number of patients with values pathological urea levels were significantly higher than those with normal values, proving kidney damage.
Isovitexin restores sevoflurane‑induced cognitive dysfunction by mediating autophagy through activation of the PGC‑1α/FNDC5 signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Yuanyuan , Chen Qibin , Wu Bin , Sun Lin
Published: September 2022

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a severe neurological complication. How to improve the cognitive impairment caused by sevoflurane, a most common inhaled anesthetic, remains a question worthy of studying. Isovitexin (IVX) is a trihydroxyl flavonoid that is a naturally bioactive ingredient found in various medicinal plants and has antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and
neuroprotective properties. The role of IVX in anesthetic‑induced nerve injury is rarely reported and the mechanisms are unclear.
In this study, we found that IVX improved the cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane in rats. It inhibited sevoflurane‑induced cell apoptosis. In addition, IVX increased sevoflurane‑induced autophagy in rat brain. Mechanically, IVX activated the PGC‑1α/FNDC5 pathway in rat brain, and depletion of FNDC5 could inhibit the neuroprotective function of IVX. In conclusion, our results suggested that IVX restored sevoflurane‑induced cognitive dysfunction by mediating autophagy through the activation of the PGC‑1α/FNDC5 pathway.
Assessment of Brewery Wastewater and Potential Inline Practices to Curb Wastewater from Breweries
Authors: Babu Aremanda R , Tekleweyni D , Ghebregziabher S , Tuquabo A
Published: September 2022

Beer brewing appertains to the extraordinary quality of water accompanying greater volumes of consumption, consequently rendering preeminent amounts of waste. Apart from technological demand, mental barriers predicate significant causes for the huge quantities of wastewater generated from breweries. However, by adopting best management practices, modern plants have succeeded to restrict water consumption up to 3.7 - 4.7 L/L of beer sold. Currently, Asmara Breweries (ABCSC) of Eritrea alone produces approximately 150,000 bbls of beer/year, and a weekly survey is organized to perceive the brewing process intensely to assess the critical performance indicators such as water use ratio and wastewater discharge ratio. Approximately, 14% of excess annual water consumption acquainted against BA benchmarks and wastewater to freshwater is estimated as 0.872 while BA benchmark at 0.55. Chase water and bottle cleaning water collectively contribute to 84% of total effluents. Direct reuse of chase water for rinsing or chasing reduces immensely freshwater consumption. Bottle cleaning water accredits plant CIP program after simple physicochemical treatment. Well-organized practices through employee involvement will lead to achieving internationally competitive performance indicators.
Аспекты формирования системы производственных процессов в условиях степной засушливой зоны Южного Урала
Authors: Канатпаев Санжар Сабетович
Published: September 2022

Своевременность и соблюдение требований агротехники в условиях степных засушливых регионов обуславливают стабильность продуктивности полей и конкурентоспособности предприятий. В условиях ограниченного ресурсного обеспечения в целях увеличения рабочих периодов, прежде всего посевных и уборочных работ, необходим переход на многопольные севообороты, обеспечивающие рациональную плодосмену, более полную загрузку техники и биологическую защиту возделываемых культур. Целью данного исследования является составление системы производственных процессов земледелия с учетом природно-климатических условий и специфики специализации конкретного хозяйства на примере ООО «Совхоз Брединский», специализирующегося на производстве твердых сортов пшеницы, а также молока и мяса крупного рогатого скота. Показано влияние разных вариантов технологий уборки урожая и послеуборочной обработки почвы на накопление зимних осадков и содержание запасов влаги в метровом слое почвы перед началом посевных работ. Так, на поле, убранном методом очеса, содержание продуктивной влаги 140,2 мм, на поле с низкой стерней 103,5 мм, а на поле с осенним боронованием с оставлением кулис 110,9 мм. Для обеспечения специализации производства были сформированы на основе ресурсосберегающей технологии почвозащитного земледелия три типа севооборотов: кормовой с размером поля 800 га (овес + нут, твердая пшеница, кукуруза на силос, твердая пшеница, суданская трава + нут, твердая пшеница), по технологии No-Tiil с размером поля 1200 га (лен, пшеница, нут, пшеница), зерновой с размером поля 1200 га (пар, твердая пшеница, ячмень, подсолнечник + донник, донник на сенаж или семена, твердая пшеница, ячмень, овес + нут, твердая пшеница). Полученная структура посевных площадей позволяет производить посев за 30 дней восемью агрегатами К744 и двумя МТЗ 1221, а уборку восемью комбайнами типа Acros 585 за 60 дней.
Результаты исследований процесса смешивания сыпучих кормов в аэродинамическом смесителе
Authors: Николаев Владислав Николаевич , Зязев Евгений Владимирович
Published: September 2022

Приготовление высококачественных кормовых смесей непосредственно в сельскохозяйственных предприятиях требует разработки новых конструкций смесителей. Комбинирование нескольких технологических операций в одном устройстве для приготовления смеси из сыпучих компонентов является актуальной задачей, и для решения ее предложена эффективная конструкция аэродинамического смесителя. В аэродинамическом смесителе реализован способ приготовления смеси за счет совместной дозированной подачи воздуха и ее кормовых компонентов в одну камеру смешивания путем создания в ней разрежения центробежным вентиляторным колесом. Цель исследования – экспериментальное обоснование основных конструктивно-режимных параметров аэродинамического смесителя сыпучих кормов, обеспечивающих высокое качество их смеси. В результате определяющими качественные и количественные показатели были выбраны следующие: количество лопаток центробежного колеса k = 8 шт.; частота вращения центробежного лопастного колеса ω = 318 с–1; количество всасывающих патрубков m = 6 шт.; высоты лопаток колеса h = 0,078 м. Выполнение нескольких технологических операций аэродинамическим смесителем позволяет снизить энергоемкость процесса приготовления сыпучей кормовой смеси при достаточной производительности в условиях сельскохозяйственных предприятий. При работе на выбранных рациональных параметрах производительность аэродинамического смесителя в производственных условиях составила 2 т/ч, при удельных энергетических затратах 0,55 кВт·ч/т и при высоком качестве смеси 93–95 %.
Метаболический статус и функциональная активность щитовидной железы у животных при однократном и длительном воздействии ацетамиприда
Authors: Герунова Людмила Карповна , Гонохова Марина Николаевна , Герунов Владимир Иванович , Шитиков Виталий Вячеславович , Онищук Алисия Алексеевна
Published: September 2022

Препараты, нарушающие гормональную регуляцию гомеостаза, представляют опасность для животных. Целью работы была оценка риска тиреотоксического действия неоникотиноидного инсектицида ацетамиприда и его роли в нарушении регуляции гомеостаза при однократном воздействии и длительном введении в организм животных. В эксперименте использовали пять групп беспородных белых крыс (самцов) в возрасте 4 месяцев с массой тела 260,0±10,0 г. Первая группа была контрольной, вторая получала 1/2 LD50 однократно, третья, четвертая, пятая группы – по 1/100 LD50 в течение 30, 60 и 90 суток соответственно. При острой интоксикации отмечали повышение уровня амилазы панкреатической на 30,03 %, щелочной фосфатазы – в 1,9 раза, а также креатинкиназы – в 3 раза на фоне снижения уровня Т4 на 36,67 % относительно контрольных значений. Хроническая интоксикация животных в течение 30 суток приводила к повышению уровня амилазы панкреатической (на 21,28 %), щелочной фосфатазы (в 2 раза) и креатинкиназы (на 81,60 %) на фоне повышения уровня Т4 в 2,5 раза. Отмеченная закономерность в изменении биохимических показателей сохранялась и спустя 60 суток после начала опыта. Через три месяца регистрировали статистически значимое повышение уровня глюкозы на 15,77 % по сравнению с контролем, что может быть связано с угнетением продукции инсулина. Уровень Т4 в этот период снизился на 41,97 %, а также отмечалось снижение уровней щелочной фосфатазы и креатинкиназы. Результаты исследования указывают на нарушение метаболического статуса при изменении функциональной активности щитовидной железы.
Кортикостерон и его роль в формировании лейкоцитарного пула крови у лабораторных животных при действии стрессоров
Authors: Кинзерский Федор Михайлович , Дерхо Марина Аркадьевна , Cереда Татьяна Игоревна
Published: September 2022

Дана оценка реакции организма грызунов на стресс, сопровождающийся выбросом в кровь кортикостерона и изменением лейкоцитарного состава крови, при действии иммобилизационного и вибрационного стрессора. Установлено, что 2-часовое воздействие стресс-факторов сопровождается активацией в организме лабораторных крыс компонентов гипоталамо-гипофизарно-надпочечниковой оси, определяя увеличение концентрации кортикостерона в крови. Уровень гормона в модели иммобилизационного стресса максимально возрастает через 1 час после прекращения действия стрессора (в 2,15 раза, р = 0,99); в модели вибрационного стресса – через 4 часа (в 2,54 раза, р = 0,99). В лейкоцитарном компоненте крови при действии стрессоров увеличивается количество нейтрофилов и уменьшается лимфоцитов. Количественная выраженность изменений согласовывается с динамикой кортикостерона в крови крыс в ходе развития стресс-реакции. Величина лейко-гормональных индексов ИСЛК (индекс соотношения лимфоцитов и кортикостерона), ИСНК (индекс соотношения нейтрофилов и кортикостерона) и ИИНЛК (интегрального индекса нейтрофилов, лимфоцитов и кортикостерона) в модели иммобилизационного стресса максимально возрастает через 1 час после прекращения стрессовой нагрузки, превышая фоновые значения в 2,45; 1,38 и 3,94 раза (р = 0,99); в модели вибрационного стресса – через 4 часа после стрессирования, отличаясь от исходных данных в 3,11; 1,43 и 5,54 раза (р = 0,99). Наибольшей информативностью среди лейко-гормональных индексов обладает ИИНЛК, что позволяет рекомендовать его к использованию при гематологической оценке стресса в различных экспериментах.
Формирование алгоритма определения экономической эффективности ветеринарных мероприятий, включающих вакцинацию цыплят-бройлеров
Authors: Никитин Иван Николаевич , Журавель Нина Александровна , Мифтахутдинов Алевтин Викторович
Published: September 2022

На основе анализа ветеринарных мероприятий АО «Тюменский бройлер», ООО «Агрохолдинг «ЮРМА», ООО «Равис – птицефабрика Сосновская», АО «Уралбройлер», ООО «Уральская мясная компания», ООО «Магнитогорский птицеводческий комплекс» представлен сформированный алгоритм определения и расчет экономической эффективности ветеринарных мероприятий по вакцинации цыплят-бройлеров. Он основан на определении структуры видов ветеринарных мероприятий и установлении авторского метода расчета экономического эффекта и стоимости продукции, полученной трудом ветеринарных работников посредством проведения вакцинации. Удельный вес профилактики желудочно-кишечных и респираторных болезней путем применения антибиотиков занимал от 13,32 до 47,46 %. На птицефабрике с напольным содержанием доля обработок против эймериоза в структуре ветеринарных мероприятий составляла 20,18 %. Удельный вес вакцинации на разных птицефабриках варьировал от 39,54 до 60,88 %. В условиях каждого предприятия осуществляется иммунизация против ньюкаслской болезни, инфекционного бронхита кур и инфекционной бурсальной болезни. Стоимость доли продукции, полученной в результате вакцинации, на разных предприятиях колебалась от 96,88 тыс. до 372,12 тыс. руб., затраты на ее проведение – от 62,85 тыс. до 246,69 тыс. руб. Экономическая эффективность мероприятий по вакцинации цыплят-бройлеров против отдельных болезней составляет от 0,06 до 2,02 руб. на один рубль затрат. Выбор вакцин и методов их введения при реализации программы вакцинации цыплят-бройлеров позволит увеличить экономическую эффективность вакцинации цыплят-бройлеров на 16,09–18,90 %.
Penggenapan Janji Allah berdasarkan Nehemia 6:15 dalam Mendidik Anak
Authors: Bani Yulianus , Yuli Purwisasi
Published: September 2022

Abstract: The teaching of God's promises comes from the Bible. God's promise is something that cannot be separated from the identity of God. God's promise is very important for the Israelites as evidence of the revelation of faith from Abraham, Isaac and Jacob who is known as the living God. God's promise is a manifestation of absolute truth because once God promises then He will fulfill His promise. If God's promise is not fulfilled, it can be said that God's promise is relatively changing according to the situation and this is one proof that it is not God. Children must believe in God's promises in life as a provision for their faith in the future. The future generations of this nation must have coverage under any circumstances God is still with His children. Parents have a role in explaining and providing children with evidence from the Bible for God's fulfillment for the Israelites and believers today. God this is so important because it was commanded by Moses to be delivered to the Israelites. The Israelites were to teach all the statutes and promises of God to their children from generation to generation day and night. All of this is intended so that they know their identity as children of God. The results of this study provide evidence that God's promise is the realization of absolute truth. God's promises are absolute truths that every human of His choice must believe.Abstrak: Pengajaran tentang janji Allah murni bersumber dari Alkitab. Janji Allah merupakan hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari jati Diri Allah. Janji Allah sangat penting bagi umat Israel sebagai bukti penyataan iman dari Abraham, Ishak dan Yakub yang dikenal sebagai Allah yang hidup. Janji Allah merupakan wujud kebenaran absolut karena sekali Allah berjanji maka Ia akan menggenapi janjiNya. Jika janji Allah tidak digenapi maka dapat dikatakan bahwa janji Allah itu sifatnya relative karena berubah sesuai situasi dan ini salah satu bukti bukan Allah.  Anak-anak harus menyakini janji-janji Allah dalam hidup sebagai bekal imannya di masa depan. Generasi masa depan bangsa ini harus memiliki pengharapan bahwa dalam situasi apapun Allah tetap menyertai anak-anakNya. Orang tua memiliki peran untuk menjelaskan dan memberikan bukti-bukti dari Alkitab kepada anak-anak penggenapan Allah bagi umat Israel dan orang percaya masa kini. Allah melihat hal ini sangat penting karena itu diperintahkan kepada Musa untuk disampaikan kepada orang Israel. Orang Israel harus mengajarkan semua ketetapan dan janji-janji Allah kepada anak-anak mereka turun temurun siang dan malam. Semua ini bertujuan agar mereka mengetahui identitasnya sebagai anak-anak Allah. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa janji Allah merupakan realisasi kebenaran absolut. Janji Allah adalah kebenaran absolut yang harus dipercayai oleh setiap manusia pilihanNya.
Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Keluarga sebagai Upaya Mereduksi Perilaku Kekerasan terhadap Anak
Authors: Agata Bulanda , Arifianto Yonatan Alex , Yahya Yahya
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Education for the family is a part that has no boundaries, education in this family is like our worship with the Lord Jesus Christ, which we exalt, glorify and even worship without limits and which are not seen from space, pleace and time. In fact, education in churches and schools has its limits, while Christian education in the family or household is a real education where this education is given to children, with one goal being to act as a motivator for children to turn to God, with the other goal of PAK towards families being as a train the cohesiveness of a family, especially both parents when educating their children, so that children can see the harmony in their family, children can fell that in their family there is warmth when both parents educate children with all sincerity, full of love and love, there the child will be able to see the existence of family harmony in seeking God, and on the other hand both parents will also be able to see the development of the child, and more importantly for both parents must be able to set an example and good example for their children.Abstrak: Pendidikan dalam keluarga adalah bagian yang tidak ada batasanya, pendidikan dalam keluarga ini seperti ibadah kita dengan Tuhan Yesus Kristus yang kita tinggikan, agungkan bahkan yang sering kali disembah yang tanpa batas dan yang tidak dilihat dari ruang, tempat serta waktu. Malahan pendidikan yang ada digereja dan sekolah ada batasannya, sedangkan pendidikan Kristen didalam keluarga atau rumah tangga adalah pendidikan yang real adanya dimana pendidikan ini diberikan kepada anak, dengan satu tujuannya adalah sebagai penggerak untuk anak-anak terhadap Tuhan, dengan tujuan PAK lainnya terhadap keluarga adalah sebagai melatih kompaknya sebuah keluarga terutama kedua orang tua ketika mendidik anak-anaknya, sehingga anak-anak dapat melihat adanya keharmonisan didalam keluarganya, anak-anak dapat merasakan bahwa dalam keluarganya ada kehangatan pada saat kedua orang tua mendidik anak dengan segala ketulusan hati, penuh cinta dan kasih sayang, disitu anak akan dapat melihat adanya keharmonisan keluarga dalam mencari Tuhan, serta disisi lain kedua orang tua juga akan dapat melihat pekembangan anak, dan yang lebih penting bagi kedua orang tua harus bisa memberi contoh dan teladan yang baik, untuk anak-anaknya.
Model Pembelajaran Pendidikan Keluarga berdasarkan Ulangan 6:4-9 dalam Pembinaan Iman Anak di Era Disruptif
Authors: Adam Alexius , Sandri Mapela
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Fostering faith in children becomes the task of parents. In particular, in the disruptive era, on the one hand, it is a challenge for parents, but on the other hand as an opportunity in the development of faith and potential of children. Not all parents have faced challenges in the disruptive era in carrying out the duties and responsibilities of fostering children's faith. The development of technology makes children addicted to gadgets so that it has an impact on their faith life. This study aims to obtain an overview of the learning model based on Deuteronomy 6:4-9 by exploring text analysis which can then be used as a reference or implementation for parents in carrying out child faith development in the disruptive era. This research uses a qualitative approach with hermeneutic studies. The results of this study found that the learning model that parents can apply in child development based on Deuteronomy 6:4-9 is through teaching repeatedly, talking about God's Word that is not limited by time and space, binding and writing it down. In the era of technology in carrying out the task of faith coaching, parents in teaching repeatedly by using or utilizing technological media that are not limited by time and space, so that children's faith development will be more effective in describing the child's spiritual life.Abstrak: Pembinaan iman pada anak-anak menjadi tugas orang tua. Secara khusus di era disruptif di satu sisi menjadi tantangan bagi orang tua, namun di sisi lain sebagai peluang dalam pengembangan iman dan potensi anak. Tidak semua orang tua sudah siyap menghadapi tantanga di era disruptif dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggungjawab pembinaan iman anak. Perkembangan teknologi membuat sebagaian anak kecanduan gadget sehingga berdampak pada kehidupan imannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang model pembelajaran yang didasarkan pada Ulangan 6:4-9 dengan melakukan eksplorasi analisis teks yang kemudian dapat dijadikan acuan atau implementasi bagi orang tua dalam melakukan pembinaan iman anak di era disruptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kajian hermenutika. Hasil kajian ini ditemukan bahwa model pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan orang tua dalam pembinaan anak berdasarkan Ulangan 6:4-9 yaitu melalui mengajar secara berulang-ulang, membicarakan Firman Tuhan yang tidak dibatasi oleh ruang dan waktu, mengikatkan dan menuliskannya. Dalam era disruosi teknologi dalam melaksanakan tugas pembinaan iman, orang tua dalam mengajar secara berulang-ulang dengan menggunakan atau memanfaatkan media teknologi yang tidak dibatasi oleh ruang dan waktu, sehingga pembinaan iman anak akan menjadi lebih efektif dalam mendewasan kehidupan rohani anak.
Continuity of Carer in English Maternity Services – Challenges AND Opportunities
Authors: Walsh Denis
Published: September 2022

In this article, Denis Walsh explores the evidence for continuity of carer, the strategic drivers for Better Births as well as the barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Drawing upon his extensive clinical and research experience, Denis also considers evidence from Australia and New Zealand to explore these issues
Humanisation of Childbirth: 6. Midwifery technology – midwifery practice for the humanisation of birth
Authors: Newnham Elizabeth
Published: September 2022

In this sixth article of the 19th Midwifery basics series on humanising birth, Elizabeth Newnham talks more about the concept of Midwifery technology – knowledge of the art and skill of midwifery – introduced in the fourth paper of the series. Given the wide-ranging public health problem of over-medicalisation, high intervention rates, and current trends of combating one intervention with yet another instead of looking back to physiology, it is vital that midwives continue collecting, sharing and researching midwifery knowledge and practice. Different to obstetric knowledge, or practice guidelines, midwifery knowledge needs to include knowledge of the ebbs and flows of birth physiology, of women’s experiences and of keeping out of the way of birth as much as knowing when to step in.