bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solidão e Depressão: Relações com Características Pessoais e Hábitos de Vida em Universitários
Authors: Barroso Sabrina Martins , Oliveira Nadyara Regina de , Andrade Valéria Sousa de
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este trabalho avaliou a solidão e a depressão em universitários, verificando sua relação com hábitos, características do curso e suporte social. Participaram 574 universitários. Utilizou-se a Escala de Solidão UCLA-BR, Escala de Suporte Social, Questionário sobre a Saúde do Paciente e questionário complementar. Houve triagem para depressão em 38,7% dos estudantes e 53% sentia solidão mínima. A maioria dos estudantes fazia quatro ou mais refeições, dormia entre 6 e 8 horas, considerava ter amigos e lazer. Não fumavam, mas bebiam. Houve correlação entre solidão e depressão (rho = 0,42) e dessas condições com hábitos dos universitários, área do curso e suporte social. Conclui-se que o estado emocional de universitários avaliados é preocupante e intervenções são necessárias.
A Perspectiva Transdisciplinar da Psicanálise
Authors: Coutinho Denise Maria Barreto , Fonteles Camila Santos Lima
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Se a interdisciplinaridade foi condição necessária para a construção do campo psicanalítico, a transdisciplinaridade fornece elementos que justificam a pertinência da psicanálise como meio de produção de conhecimento na universidade. Ao estabelecer pontes com diferentes campos, fazendo aquele edifício teórico ser atravessado por marcas outras e modificar-se, Freud transmitiu uma verdadeira experiência, instituindo uma nova episteme. O artigo introduz o contexto de elaboração da obra freudiana e apresenta a hipótese de que há uma antecipação da interdisciplinaridade em Freud. Em seguida, apresenta os termos interdisciplinaridade e transdisciplinaridade. Por fim, defende a tese de que o estatuto da psicanálise corresponde mais à práxis transdisciplinar do que ao simples diálogo ou integração interdisciplinar.
Idosos em Tratamento Quimioterápico: Relação entre Nível de Estresse, Sintomas Depressivos e Esperança
Authors: Silva Natália Michelato , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Oliveira Rafaela Azevedo Abrantes de , Storti Luana Baldin , Souza Isabela Maria Oliveira , Formighieri Paulo Fernandes , Marques Sueli
Published: December 2019

RESUMO A prevalência do câncer entre idosos tem aumentado nas últimas décadas. O tratamento oncológico pode acarretar aumento dos níveis de estresse e depressão. Nesse cenário, a esperança tem sido definida como um dos recursos relevantes de enfrentamento. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a relação entre estresse, sintomas depressivos e esperança em idosos submetidos a tratamento quimioterápico. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com amostra não-probabilística de 123 idosos vinculados a um hospital geral público terciário do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostram que os idosos apresentavam elevados níveis de estresse percebido e de esperança; 71,5% não manifestavam sintomas depressivos. Níveis de estresse e esperança foram correlacionados negativamente, assim como sintomas depressivos e níveis de esperança, sugerindo que a esperança pode ter efeitos benéficos sobre o estresse e depressão.
Foucault, governamentalidade neoliberal e subjetivação
Authors: Ferreira Neto Joao Leite
Published: December 2019

Resumo O artigo visa compreender as posições teórico-políticas de Foucault construídas a partir de 1978, com o estabelecimento das noções de governamentalidade e subjetividade como eixos de suas pesquisas. Discute-se aspectos histórico-institucionais relacionados ao seu deslocamento teórico na direção do tema do governo e seu afastamento da esquerda, fontes biográficas e textos do autor publicados entre 1978 e 1980. Em segundo lugar, analisa-se uma entrevista sobre a crise do sistema de seguridade social, buscando entender seu posicionamento em relação ao tema. Conclui-se que Foucault utilizou tanto de contribuições marxistas, quanto neoliberais, evitando reduzir a política ao enfrentamento entre dois projetos, mas considerando-a um campo complexo de estratégias plurais. A subjetividade coloca-se para Foucault na interface entre a política e a ética.
Economic-behavioral Analysis of Delinquent Acts Based on the Report of Juvenile Offenders in Confinement
Authors: Holanda Ariela Oliveira , Oliveira-Castro Jorge
Published: December 2019

Abstract From a behavioral-economic approach of delinquent behavior, this research aimed to identify potential consequences that could alter the cost of crime from the offender’s perspective. A questionnaire prepared to assess the level of informational and utilitarian reinforcement and punishment of these consequences was answered by 118 juvenile offenders in confinement. The reported level of informational reinforcement did not predict the level of multiplicity of offenses committed. The reported levels of utilitarian reinforcement, informational punishment, and utilitarian punishment predicted this level of multiplicity. Only the level of utilitarian punishment decreased the likelihood of an offender having been involved in more types of criminal acts. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Reading Comprehension, Learning Strategies and verbal reasoning: Possible Relationships
Authors: Trassi Angélica Polvani , Oliveira Katya Luciane de , Inácio Amanda Lays Monteiro
Published: December 2019

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the level of reading comprehension in elementary school students; to verify differences between school years for the Cloze test; investigate possible relationships between reading comprehension, learning strategies and verbal reasoning, and verifying whether verbal reasoning can predict the other variables. The participants were 470 students from grades 2 to 9 from the public network of a city in the north of Paraná, who answered the Cloze test and the Assessment Scale of Learning Strategies. Of the total sample, 45 students were selected to respond to the Wechsler Scale Verbal Scale of Abbreviated Intelligence. The sample presented a level of independent reading comprehension, and significant differences were found among students of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th years in comparison to the other school years. Statistically significant and positive correlations were obtained between the constructs, and the verbal reasoning showed to predict the other variables.
Relations Between Family Support and Character Strengths in Adolescents
Authors: Noronha Ana Paula Porto , Silva Elaine Nogueira da , Dametto Denise Martins
Published: December 2019

Abstract This study aimed to verify whether family support has an impact on the development of character strengths in adolescents. For this purpose, we analyzed data from 304 elementary and high school students, with ages ranging from 13 and 20, of both sexes. The results indicated that the character strengths with greater predictive power over the three factors of the Perception of Family Support Inventory (Inventário de Percepção do Suporte Familiar -IPSF) were gratitude, vitality and creativity. In addition, it was observed that some strengths were more present in the regression analyses, in two of the three factors of the IPSF, namely: love, wisdom, love of learning, creativity and modesty. It is believed that if the family is capable to offer an environment that provides room for the development of character strengths in adolescents, these positive characteristics may be experienced more frequently and in other situations.
Evidence of Validity of a Modern Homonegativity Measure against Gays and Lesbians
Authors: Lima Kaline da Silva , Tenório Juliana Maria Vieira , Romário Francisco , Melo Luã Medeiros Fernandes de , Andrade Josemberg Moura de
Published: December 2019

Abstract The goal of this research was to adapt and obtain validity evidence of the Modern Homonegativity Scale (MHS), which is set by two parallel forms with 12 items, one of them referring to gays (MHS-G) and the other referring to lesbians (MHS-L). In the first study 418 heterosexuals between 18 and 58 years old (M = 24,9; SD = 7,23), mostly women (66,3%) living at João Pessoa-PB (50,5%) answered. Both scales have shown as unidimensional and containing a high degree of internal consistency. The second study had the participation of 273 heterosexuals between 18 and 55 years old (M = 23,7; SD = 6,33), mostly women (69%). The confirmatory factor analysis showed satisfactory adjustment indexes for the proposed model and the Item Response Theory (IRT) demonstrated a good degree of discrimination and variation of the difficulty parameters. Therefore, we may conclude MHS is psychometrically valid, easily applicable and can be used in research contexts.
Papel do Vocabulário para as Habilidades de Compreensão Leitora
Authors: Guimarães Silvia Brilhante , Mousinho Renata
Published: December 2019

Resumo O presente estudo explorou a relação da medida de vocabulário da Escala WISC-III com as habilidades de precisão de leitura de palavras e de compreensão de texto, com 174 crianças, matriculadas no 3º e 4º anos do ensino fundamental. Identificou-se evidência de predição do vocabulário na compreensão de texto, mesmo depois do controle da precisão de leitura de palavras, da consciência fonológica e morfológica, e da memória de curto prazo. O mesmo não foi encontrado para a leitura de palavras. Os resultados indicam que o vocabulário medido pelo teste do WISC-III se relaciona com as habilidades de leitura, mas tem papel preditivo apenas na compreensão de texto. Esses achados são discutidos à luz da teoria do Modelo Simples de Leitura e da Hipótese Qualidade Lexical.
Bifactor Invariance Analysis of Student Conceptions of Assessment Inventory
Authors: Matos Daniel Abud Seabra , Brown Gavin Thomas Lumsden , Gomes Cristiano Mauro Assis
Published: December 2019

Abstract Student conceptions of the purposes of assessment are an important aspect of self-regulated learning. This study advances our understanding of the Student Conceptions of Assessment Inventory (SCoA) by examining the generalizability of the factorial structure of the SCoA using bifactor analysis and conducting cross-cultural invariance testing between Brazil and New Zealand. Eight different models were specified and evaluated, with the best model being adopted for invariance testing. This research adds to our understanding of the cross-cultural properties of the SCoA because the introduction of the bifactor model resulted in metric equivalence between countries, which had previously had only partial metric equivalence. Future studies should attempt to create more items around several SCoA constructs.
Exercício da Atenção e Resolução de Problemas em Atividades Cotidianas da Infância
Authors: Ramos Daniela Karine
Published: December 2019

Resumo Este trabalho investiga a relação entre as atividades cotidianas desempenhadas na infância e as funções cognitivas de resolução de problemas e de atenção. Dentre as atividades cotidianas, analisaram-se a leitura, a prática de esportes, o acesso ao computador e a interação com games. Para tanto, aplicou-se um questionário organizado em três partes, contemplando dados do perfil das crianças, o registro da frequência das atividades cotidianas consideradas e a avaliação da presença de comportamentos tomados como indicadores do desempenho da capacidade de resolução de problema e de atenção. O questionário foi respondido pelos responsáveis das crianças, considerando sua percepção. Analisaram-se os resultados de uma amostra de 162 crianças na faixa etária de 6 a 11. Os resultados indicaram a associação entre a leitura e a atenção, e entre o acesso ao computador e o jogar games com a capacidade de resolução de problemas.
Análise da Estrutura Interna da Bateria de Avaliação Intelectual de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Wechsler Solange Muglia , Machado Wagner de Lara , Ribeiro Rosangela Kátia Sanches Mazzorana , Souza Adriana Ferreira de , Schneider Priscila , Goetz Everley , Costa Wedja , Costa Carlos Irineu Granja
Published: December 2019

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a estrutura interna e a relação das habilidades cognitivas avaliadas pela Bateria de Avaliação Intelectual de Adultos (BAIAD). A amostra foi composta por 963 indivíduos (615 F, 348 M), idades entre 15-64 anos (M = 21, DP/SD/DS = 8). A BAID é composta de sete subtestes: sinônimos, antônimos, analogias, pensamento lógico, pensamento viso-espacial, memória visual-auditiva, rapidez de raciocino. A análise de itens permitiu a redução da BAIAD e índices de precisão de 0,99. A análise confirmatória seguiu o modelo CHC (inteligência cristalizada, inteligência fluída e um fator geral - G) e indicou seu ajuste aos dados. A análise de rede que buscou explorar a relação entre os pares dos indicadores cognitivos e o agrupamento das comunidades apoiou o modelo teórico. Conclui-se que a BAIAD possui evidências de validade e índices de precisão adequados para avaliar a inteligência de adultos.
In vitro haemostatic efficacy of aqueous, methanol and ethanol plant extracts of three medicinal plant species in Palestine
Authors: Omar G. , Abdallah L. , Barakat A. , Othman R. , Bourinee H.
Published: December 2019

Abstract The haemostatic efficacy of different extract types of Satureja thymbra L., Thymbra spicata L. (Lamiaceae) and Verbascum fruticulosum Post. (Scrophulariaceae) was evaluated in this study via the Prothrombin time (PT) and Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) analysis. Aqueous, methanol and ethanol extracts of the examined plant species leaves were prepared to a final concentration 50 mg/mL. In vitro PT and aPTT assays were conducted on normal platelet poor plasma blood samples by a digital coagulation analyzer. The obtained results revealed anticoagulation activity of all investigated plant species with observed variations among them. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of T. spicata as well as the aqueous extract of S. thymbra prolonged PT values significantly (p < 0.05). While, all V. fruticulosum extract types have had no significant effect on the PT values. The recorded aPTT data showed that all aqueous extracts have had a significant effect on the blood haemostasis as they increased aPTT values in all plant species under study. Out of which, both the ethanol and methanol extracts of T. spicata and methanol extract of S. thymbra showed similar effect. Of great concern, it was clearly noticed that the aqueous and ethanol extract of T. spicata and the aqueous extract of S. thymbra possess the strongest anticoagulation effect as they increased both PT and aPTT values significantly relative to the control (p < 0.05). The variable anticoagulation bioactivity among the studied plant species could be referred to the various solvents degrees of solubility of different phyto-constituents. Thus, the efficacy of the plant species extracts evaluation as anticoagulants or coagulants were related to the plant species and to the solvent of extraction.
Potential of some autochthonous wild plants of Burundi for vegetable oil and valuable compounds production
Authors: Niyukuri J. , Raiti J. , El Qarnifa S. , El Abbassi A. , Hafidi A.
Published: December 2019

Abstract Twelve species of indigenous plants have been studied in order to valorize some natural resources of Burundi (Eastern Africa) to investigate possibilities of vegetable oil production. Physicochemical properties and oil contents were determined from seeds harvested through five ecogeographic zones. From oilcake extracts, total sugars contents, proteins (TPrC), polyphenolic (TPhC), and flavonoids were quantified using spectrophotometry. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of oilcake extracts was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-b-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. All oil contents obtained were found to be quite similar to those of common oleaginous seeds. The two highest were found in Parinari curatellifolia (61.44 ± 4.81% Dry Matter) and Myrianthus arboreus (48.26 ± 5.96% DM). More than half of the species have shown TPrC ranging from 10 to 24% dry matter of oilcake (DM). Brachystegia longifolia was revealed exceptionally stronger antioxidant potential: effectiveness antiradical of 163.06 ± 26.29 mL/μg.min (DPPH assay) and reducing power of 2618.21 ± 161.22 GAE/100 g DM (FRAP assay). TPhC were positively correlated (p < 0.05) to the antioxidant activity. This pioneering work on these wild species highlight the potential for producing vegetable oil and valuable biomolecule sources likely for food, cosmetics, pharmacy and industry.
Assessing the growth of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) (Linnaeus, 1758) in four salinities, under experimental conditions
Authors: Mardones A. , Vega R. , Encina F. , Pichara C. , González K. , De los Rios P. , Peña B.
Published: December 2019

Abstract Studies in Salvelinus alpinus, Arctic charr, indicate that it has a low capacity to hyposmorregulatory or adaption to sea in winter periods in Arctic waters. The investigation finds to determinate the rank optimum of salinity to can cultivate this species at Chile. The weight adequate was determined to join on the sea by analysis of gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, that it was found between the ranks 80-130 g, with 14.5 U/mg. It underwent evaluation of fish growth of 72 g salinities from 0 (control), 18, 25 and 33 g/L (sea water) for 94 days. The results indicate that the largest increases were obtained in brackish water. T18 g/L and T25 g/L achieved growth of 25% and 19% on day 94 and term sampling respectively. It is important to mention that the 8% that survived in seawater introduced percentages growth 16.6% equivalent to brackish water and control. These results suggest that Salvelinus alpinus can grow in seawater, with levels of Na+, K+-ATPase similar to those submitted by Salmo salar with a weight not less than 80 g.
Comparison of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae Messastrum gracile (Chlorophyceae) in alternative culture media
Authors: Sipaúba-Tavares L. H. , Scardoeli-Truzzi B. , Fenerick D. C. , Tedesque M. G.
Published: December 2019

Abstract Growth and biological conditions of Messastrum gracile were evaluated to compare the effect of photoautotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation on the increase of biomass production and chemical conditions cultured in macrophyte and commercial culture media. The growth rate (k) of M. gracile was different in the culture media, higher in mixotrophic cultivation for Lemna minor culture medium, whilst to Eichhornia crassipes and NPK culture media were higher in photoautotrophic cultivation. Mean lipid contents in photoautotrophic cultivation were 8.2% biomass dry weight, whereas they reached 19% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Protein contents were below 48% biomass dry weight in photoautotrophic cultivation and 30% biomass dry weight in mixotrophic cultivation. Messastrum gracile cultured in macrophyte culture media (E. crassipes and L. minor) and NPK culture medium provided satisfactory results with regard to lipid and protein contents in mixotrophic and photoautotrophic cultivations, respectively. Lipid and protein contents in alternative media were higher or similar to the CHU12 commercial culture medium.
Accessing the subterranean ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in native and modified subtropical landscapes in the Neotropics
Authors: Martins Mila Ferraz de Oliveira , Thomazini Marcílio José , Baretta Dilmar , Brown George Gardner , Rosa Marcio Gonçalves da , Zagatto Mauricio Rumenos Guidetti , Santos Alessandra , Nadolny Herlon Sérgio , Cardoso Guilherme Borges Xarão , Niva Cintia Carla , Bartz Marie Luise Carolina , Feitosa Rodrigo Machado
Published: December 2019

Abstract: Several studies have characterized and delimited subterranean ant assemblages. Soil extraction, one of the methods employed to access this fauna, employs the removal of monoliths. One of the most widely used methods for the extraction of soil sampling is called TSBF (developed by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme). This method provides relevant data about the species associated with the soil. In the present study we characterized assemblages of subterranean ants using the TSBF method in different subtropical areas of the Neotropics. We considered two sampling designs in different localities. The first design resulted in 315 TSBF samples obtained from layers at distinct depths. The second design resulted in 270 TSBF samples and 270 epigaeic pitfall trap samples. This material was used to delimit the species that occur exclusively in the subterranean stratum (TSBF) and that are not found on the soil surface. A total of 281 species were recorded. Of these, 57 can be considered subterranean, based on their occurrence in subterranean strata. We also verified that the highest occurrence of ants was in the first 10 cm of soil depth. Due to the importance of using methods that efficiently extract the subterranean ant fauna in studies, we suggest the TSBF method should be used to sample ants or to associate this method with epigaeic pitfall traps to delimit strictly subterranean assemblages in specific community stratification studies.
A tradução de jogos para smartphones na sala de aula de ensino de tradução
Authors: Esqueda Marileide Dias , Fernandes Isabella Coelho
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Apesar do crescimento da indústria de videogames nos últimos anos, planejar uma disciplina de tradução e localização desse tipo de produto para cursos de graduação em Tradução torna-se uma tarefa complexa, particularmente devido ao acesso limitado a materiais autênticos oriundos das empresas desenvolvedoras de jogos, que temem o vazamento de informações e a pirataria. Assim, este trabalho descreve possibilidades para o ensino da tradução e localização de videogames, a partir da manipulação dos ativos linguísticos de jogos de código aberto para smartphones, com vistas a demonstrar as possíveis demandas tradutórias a eles relacionados e prospectando sua inserção na formação de tradutores.
Map, Foundations, Recipe, Burden: Teachers’ Conceptual Metaphors on Lesson Planning
Authors: Alarcón Paola , Díaz Claudio , Tagle Tania , Vásquez Víctor , Inostroza María Jesús , Quintana Marcela , Ramos Lucía
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Conceptual metaphor constitutes both the theoretical framework and a tool for eliciting and analyzing data in this qualitative research study. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of conceptual metaphors for unpacking research participants’ conceptualizations about lesson planning in Chilean schools. An eliciting metaphor questionnaire was designed to require respondents to complete the statement “lesson planning is like…because…”. The data were analyzed through content analysis for metaphors, as follows: pre-analysis, labeling, classification, categorizing, peer judgment. The questionnaire was applied to 54 Chilean teachers from different schools. Four metaphor categories were obtained: Map, Foundations, Instructions, Burden.
O impacto das propriedades fonológicas das palavras em tarefas de consciência fonológica
Authors: Dias Roberta Freitas , Mezzomo Carolina Lisbôa
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto da extensão de palavra, da complexidade silábica e das propriedades segmentais - modo articulatório (MA) em tarefas de consciência fonológica, em crianças com desenvolvimento fonológico típico e com desvio fonológico. Participaram 80 sujeitos, na faixa etária dos 6:0, divididos em: grupo com desenvolvimento fonológico típico (GDFT) e grupo com desvio fonológico (GDF). Elaborou-se duas tarefas de consciência fonológica: segmentação silábica e identificação segmental. Foram analisadas a extensão de palavra, a complexidade silábica e as propriedades segmentais (MA). Utilizou-se o teste Qui-Quadrado, significância de 5%. Para extensão de palavra, os resultados foram significantes para os dois grupos, com segmentações corretas, principalmente, para dissílabas. Para a complexidade silábica, palavras formadas por onset complexo foram significantemente segmentadas corretamente, apenas pelo GDFT. Quanto às propriedades segmentais (MA), palavras com coda formada por líquida não lateral foram segmentadas de forma correta pelo GDFT. O GDFT obteve porcentagens de acertos, significantemente, maiores para a tarefa silábica e o total de acertos comparado ao GDF. As propriedades fonológicas analisadas influenciaram no desempenho das tarefas de consciência fonológica aplicadas. O grupo GDF obteve resultados inferiores nas tarefas aplicadas comparado ao grupo GDFT.
Construção Identitária no Processo de Aprendizagem de Língua e Cultura em Autobiografia de Imigrante
Authors: Romero Tania Regina de Souza , Casais Allysson Augusto S.
Published: December 2019

RESUMO Este artigo discute o processo de construção identitária do docente de línguas, partindo de autobiografia de um professor de inglês, ex-imigrante nos E.U.A. Dentro de enquadre qualitativo, enfoca embates pessoais vivenciados durante a aprendizagem do inglês e de inserção na cultura estadunidense, bem como significações construídas em experiências docentes iniciais. Sustentam o estudo conceituações sobre a intricada natureza da identidade do professor de línguas (Barkhuizen, 2017) e o papel da agência para o desenvolvimento pessoal (Lantolf e Thorne, 2006). A narrativa é, ainda, analisada linguisticamente com base no Sistema de Avaliatividade. Resultados apontam o protagonismo das emoções na constituição identitária.
Revalidation of Saccocoelioides bacilliformis (Digenea, Haploporidae) parasitizing species of Astyanax (Characiformes, Characidae) from southern Brazil
Authors: Gallas Moisés , Utz Laura R. P.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT In Argentina, Saccocoelioides bacilliformis Szidat, 1973 was described from specimens collected probably in Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758), but latter it was synonymyzed with Saccocoelioides octavus Szidat, 1970. During the examination of digenetic trematodes collected in different species of Astyanax Baird & Girard, 1854 from southern Brazil, we found specimens identified as Saccocoelioides. A detailed comparison of the morphology of the two species revealed that they should be considered valid, thus this study proposes the revalidation of S. bacilliformis. The traits that allowed the revalidation were: body shape, position of the caecal bifurcation, and the extension of the uterus and vitellarium. Parameters of infections are provided for the first time in addition to records of new hosts and new locality.
Richness of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) depends on the area and habitat structure in semideciduous forest remnants
Authors: Teles Thiago S. , Ribeiro Danilo B. , Raizer Josué , Linzmeier Adelita M.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT The total area of a habitat patch can increase the local species richness both directly (through balance between immigration and extinction) and indirectly (by increasing the habitat heterogeneity and/or as an effect of sample effort). More heterogeneous environments present a wider variety of resources and conditions, allowing species to coexist through niche differentiation. This study shows that the diversity of Chrysomelidae depends on the area and habitat structure of semideciduous forest remnants. We sampled 16 remnants with Malaise traps in August 2012 to March 2013. In order to characterize the habitat, the area, structural heterogeneity of the understory, coverage and canopy height were measured. These variables were used in a path analysis to determine their direct and indirect effects on leaf beetle diversity. A total of 450 specimens from 99 species and five subfamilies were captured. The total area and the understory heterogeneity presented a positive effect on species richness, while canopy cover exerted a negative one. The canopy height only had a negative and indirect effect on leaf beetle richness. In such fragments with more area and more open spaces, plant abundance and richness tend to be higher and favor the coexistence of many Chrysomelidae species.
Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects in a case series of canine hyperadrenocorticism: 115 cases (2010-2014)
Authors: Martins Francisco S.M. , Carvalho Guilherme Luiz C. , Jesus Luciana , Pöppl Álan Gomes , González Félix H.D.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Diseases’ clinical-epidemiological characterization assists in directing the diagnosis. The objective of this study was to describe epidemiological, clinical and laboratorial aspects of a case series of canine hyperadrenocorticism (HAC). One-hundred fifteen records of dogs diagnosed by the low dose dexamethasone suppression test and/or ACTH stimulation test were evaluated. Of the cases, 81.3% were HAC ACTH-dependent and 18.7% HAC ACTH-independent. Females were more affected, representing 69.3% of the cases. The mean age was 10.3±2.5 years and 64.9% were gonadectomized. Most of the patients were small size dogs, weighting less than 10kg (73.9%). The most frequent breeds were: Poodle (27%), Dachshund (17.4%), and Yorkshire Terrier (10.4%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were polyphagia (86%), polydipsia (82.6%), polyuria (80%), abdominal enlargement (82.6%), thin skin (79.1%), muscular weakness (78.3%) and panting (74.8%). However, eventually unusual HAC-associated signs would be present in some dogs in a more important way compared with the classic disease´s clinical signs. The CBC showed neutrophilia (66%), eosinopenia (58.3%) and lymphopenia (42.6%) as main hematological abnormalities. The most common findings in serum biochemistry were increased alkaline phosphatase activity (81.74%), increased ALT activity (62.6%), hypercholesterolemia (66%) and hypertriglyceridemia (54.7%). Urinalysis revealed hyposthenuria in 14.9% and isostenuria in 13.5%; besides proteinuria in 50% of the cases. Abdominal ultrasound showed bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (92.2%) with adrenal asymmetry in 20.8% of the cases, in addition to hepatomegaly (80.9%), biliary sludge (67.8%) and hepatic hyperechogenicity (47.8%). It was concluded that small size gonadectomized female dogs, mainly Poodles and Dachshunds, presented higher frequency in the population studied, and that the main changes observed in clinical and complementary tests were polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia, abdominal enlargement, adrenal hyperplasia, increased phosphatase alkaline and hyperlipidemia. These results corroborated to a better disease characterization at Brazil. This work concluded that the population studied resembles the profile describe in European and North American epidemiologic studies, and that the HAC dog´s clinical picture looks similar worldwide.
Salmonella spp. prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and risk factor determination in Colombian swine farms
Authors: Giraldo-Cardona Juan P. , Gualdrón-Ramírez Daniela , Chamorro-Tobar Iliana , Pulido-Villamarín Adriana , Santamaría-Durán Natalia , Castañeda-Salazar Rubiela , Zambrano-Moreno Corina , Carrascal-Camacho Ana K.
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: To determine Salmonella spp. prevalence/seroprevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns and risk factor identification associated with its presence in Colombian swine farms. 504 samples (Faeces, swabs and environment samples) were obtained from 21 farms distributed in four geographical regions in Colombia. Salmonella spp. microbiological and molecular detection were determined by two Salmonella spp. MDS3M™ and MALDI-TOF MS assays, respectively. In addition, for serological evaluation 231 serum samples were analyzed employing ELISA Salmonella Pigtype®-Salmonella Ab (QUIAGEN®). Additionally, 41 isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using broth microdilution technique (Panel B1016-180 Beckman Coulter NC72®) and verified with WHONET 2016 software. Risk factors were assessed from a survey and analyzed for statistical significance by U Mann-Whitney test. An 8.9% prevalence (n=45) and 38.1% (n=88) seroprevalence were determined. All isolates presented 100% antimicrobial susceptibility against amikacin. However, resistance against penicillin, tetracycline, cefuroxime and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was present in more than 50% of evaluated strains. Risk factors associated with Salmonella spp. presence were surface water use, rough-surfaced on floors, presence of hoppers as feeders and worker’s boots. Bacteria were present in animals and environmental samples from evaluated farms. Animal contact and/or exposure with the microorganism were also evident in obtained serological response. Bacteria presence depended on management practices and infrastructure, likewise antibiotic use, supplemented in the diet may have induced an increase in Salmonella spp. antimicrobial resistance.
Experimental poisoning by Crotalaria lanceolata and Crotalaria pallida seeds in broilers
Authors: Savaris Thaiza , Biffi Claudia P. , Ogliari Daiane , Wicpolt Nathalia , Molossi Franciéli Adriane , Melchioretto Elaine , Gardner Dale , Gava Aldo
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Crotalaria lanceolata E. Mey. and Crotalaria pallida Aiton. are leguminous plants of family Fabaceae found in most of the Brazilian territory. They were initially used as green manure and due their easy spread they are currently considered weeds in crops. Soybean and corn contamination can occur through the mechanical harvesting of these grains along with seeds of the Crotalaria species, which end up in the formulation of feed for production animals. Crotalaria spp. genus has toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA). Most plant species belonging to this genus can cause acute or chronic liver injury. In a first stage, one-day old broilers were divided into three groups: Group A (C. pallida seeds), Group B (C. lanceolata seeds), and Group C (Control). Groups A and B were divided into five subgroups, each with eight broilers, which received the following doses of the respective seeds in feed as of the 7th day of age: daily doses of 0.4%, 0.8% and 2.5%, and single doses of 15% and 25%. Four broilers in each study group were euthanized at 28 days of age - completing 21 days of seed consumption, and the four remaining broilers were euthanized at 42 days of age - completing 35 days of seed consumption. In a second stage, experiments were conducted using seeds of both the aforementioned plants with 28-day old broilers. These were divided into three groups of four animals each: Group D (C. pallida seeds) and Group E (C. lanceolata seeds), which received the respective seeds at daily doses of 1% and 2% in feed for 20 days, and Group F (Control). These broilers were euthanized when they were 80 days old. C. lanceolata seeds showed higher toxicity to broilers than C. pallida seeds, both supplied as of the 7th day of life. Clinical signs included inappetence, ruffled feathers, and brown diarrhea. The following gross lesions were observed: subcutaneous edema, ascites, hydropericardium, yellowish liver with hypertrophy or atrophy and enhanced lobular pattern, and distended gallbladder. Histologic lesions present in all birds in varying degrees were characterized by tumefaction and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes. The following clinical conditions and gross lesions were observed in the broilers: hepatocyte megalocytosis and karyomegaly, slight biliary epithelial hyperplasia, eosinophilic spheroids, and nuclear invagination with loss of hepatocyte cord architecture.
Herbaspirillum seropedicae as a degrading bacterium of monofluoroacetate: effects of its inoculation in goats by ingesting Amorimia septentrionalis and the concentrations of this compound in plants sprayed with the bacterium
Authors: Pessoa Danielle A.N. , Lopes José Radmacyo G. , Souza Emanuel M. , Campos Édipo M. , Medeiros Rosane Maria T. , Cook Daniel , Lee Stephen T. , Riet-Correa Franklin
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT: Herbaspirillum seropedicae is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium capable of using toxic compounds as a source of carbon. Bacteria with this capacity can be used to make animals resistant to plant poisoning containing monofluoroacetate (MFA), such as Amorimia septentrionalis. The aim of this study was to evaluate if H. seropedicae is efficient in the degradation of MFA present in A. septentrionalis and if the inoculation of this bacterium in goats confers protection to A. septentrionalis intoxication. Two experiments were performed: in the first experiment 12 goats were divided into 2 groups. Goats in Group 1 were orally administered a solution containing the H. seropedicae bacterium for 10 days. From day 10 onwards, they received a daily dose of 5g/kg of A. septentrionalis with the bacteriauntil clinical signs of intoxication were observed. Group 2 goats received only the plant at the same dose, also until the observation of clinical signs of intoxication. The amount of MFA found in A. septentrionalis used in the experiment with goats was 1.6±0.058μg/mg. The total plant dose ingested by all goats in Group 1 was 80.83±12.81g/kg (129.33±20.50mg/kg MFA), which were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those of Group 2 goats (39.16±19.08g/kg plant and 62.66±30.53mg/kg MFA). Group 1 goats took an average of 16.16±2.56 days to develop clinical signs of intoxication, significantly longer (p=0.0012) than Group 2 goats (7.83±3.81 days). Two Group 2 goats died on the same day that they developed clinical signs of intoxication. At necropsy of these two animals, no significant changes were observed. In the second experiment, samples of A. septentrionalis were sprayed with a solution containing H. seropedicae. Before and eight days after spraying, the samples were pressed and dried for quantitation of MFA. The amount of MFA present in samples of A. septentrionalis 8 days after spraying with H. seropedicae was significantly lower (p=0.017) than that found prior to spraying. It can be concluded that administration of H. seropedicae in goats is capable of causing greater resistance to A. septentrionalis intoxication, and spraying the plant with this bacterium significantly reduces the amount of MFA in the plant.
Relationship between overweight at 6 years of age and socioeconomic conditions at birth, breastfeeding, initial feeding practices and birth weight
Authors: ROSA Letícia Cabral Domingos da , TRAEBERT Eliane , NUNES Rodrigo Dias , GHIZZO FILHO João , TRAEBERT Jefferson
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective To review the relationship between overweight at 6 years of age and socioeconomic conditions at birth, breastfeeding, early feeding practices and birth weight. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 473 six-year-old schoolchildren from public and private schools living in a municipality in Southern Brazil. Sociodemographic and breastfeeding data and other initial feeding practices were obtained through interviews with the mothers at home. Birth weight and gestational age were obtained from the child’s health card. Anthropometric data of the schoolchildren were collected during school visits. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed using the Poisson Regression between the independent variables and overweight. Results The prevalence of overweight was 33.2%; 83.2% of the children were breastfed and out of these, 48.4% were breastfed only in the first six months. Non-breastfed children exhibited a 20% higher overweight prevalence (PR=1.20; 95%CI 1.13; 1.28). Children with exclusive breastfeeding for six months exhibited a lower overweight prevalence (PR=0.94; 95%CI 0.89; 0.99). Conclusion In this study, breastfeeding showed to be a protective factor for overweight.
Nutritional status of elderly assisted in primary care and their relationship with social determinants of health
Authors: BANDEIRA Georgia Ferreira da Silva , MOREIRA Rafael da Silveira , SILVA Vanessa de Lima
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT Objective To review the influence of social determinants of health in the nutritional status of the elderly assisted in a primary care Unit in a Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, community. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical approach. The universe was composed of 129 elderly attending a family health unit in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The data were collected according to a protocol. The effect of the association of independent variables with the body mass index was estimated using hierarchical logistic regression models, simple and multiple multinomial. The significance level was set at 5%. Results There was a higher percentage of elderly people with excess weight (52.34%) in the assessment of body mass index. On analysis of the Mini nutritional assessment, the risk of malnutrition was 38.76%. On analysis of the calf circumference 13.39% of the elderly were malnourished. In the final model, the criteria for maintaining the elderly patients were the following: excess weight, marital status, hypertension, osteoarthritis and sewer destination. Elderly widowers had a higher chance (OR=5.17) of having excess weight and not to have sewage network serving their home and be hypertense (OR=2.71 e 2.83). The fact that the elderly have osteoarthritis also indicated a greater chance (OR=3.76) that they present excess weight. Conclusion Among the social determinants of health, the nutritional status of the elderly was associated with marital status, high blood pressure, osteoarthritis and basic sanitation. The social setting of the elderly is associated with their nutritional status.
Bronchodilator test in extreme old age: Adverse effects of short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonists with clinical repercussion and bronchodilator response
Authors: Melo Saulo Maia d'Avila , Oliveira Larissa Alves de , Rocha Rodrigo dos Anjos , Wanderley José Lucas Farias
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate chronological age as a limiting factor to perform the bronchodilator test, determine significant adverse effects of short-acting beta 2 agonists with clinical repercussions, and assess bronchodilator response in extreme-old-age patients who undergo the spirometry test. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study. The sample was extracted from the database (spirometer and respiratory questionnaire) of a pulmonary function service. Patients over 90 years old were included in the research, and we evaluated their bronchodilator response and its significant adverse effects that may have clinical repercussions related to the bronchodilator. RESULTS: A sample of 25 patients aged 92.12 ± 2.22 years (95% CI, 91.20 - 93.04), with a minimum age of 90 years and a maximum of 97 years and a predominance of females with 72% (18/25). The bronchodilator test was performed in 84% (21/25) of the patients. The bronchodilator response was evaluated in 19 of the 21 patients (90.47%) who underwent the bronchodilator test. Two tests did not meet the criteria of acceptability and reproducibility. No clinical adverse effects were observed with the bronchodilator medication (salbutamol) during or after the exam. CONCLUSIONS: Chronological age is not a limiting factor for the bronchodilator test, short-acting beta-2 agonists did not present adverse effects with significant clinical repercussion and were useful in the diagnosis and therapeutic guidance of extreme-old-age patients.
Electronic prescription: frequency and severity of medication errors
Authors: Rosa Mário Borges , Nascimento Mariana Martins Gonzaga do , Cirilio Priscilla Benfica , Santos Rosângela de Almeida , Batista Lucas Flores , Perini Edson , Couto Renato Camargo
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and severity of prescriptions errors with potentially dangerous drugs (heparin and potassium chloride for injection concentrate) before and after the introduction of a computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system. METHODS: This is a retrospective study that compared errors in manual/pre-typed prescriptions in 2007 (Stage 1) with CPOE prescriptions in 2014 (Stage 2) (Total = 1,028 prescriptions), in two high-complexity hospitals of Belo Horizonte, Brasil. RESULTS: An increase of 25% in the frequency of errors in Hospital 1 was observed after the intervention (p<0.001). In contrast, a decreased error frequency of 85% was observed in Hospital 2 (p<0.001). Regarding potassium chloride, the error rate remained unchanged in Hospital 1 (p>0.05). In Hospital 2, a significant decrease was recorded in Stage 2 (p<0.001). A reduced error severity with heparin (p<0.001) was noted, while potassium chloride-related prescription severity remain unchanged (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and severity of medication errors after the introduction of CPOE was affected differently in the two hospitals, which shows a need for thorough observation when the prescription system is modified. Control of new potential errors introduced and their causes for the adoption of measures to prevent these events must be in place during and after the implementation of this technology.
Cardiac and extra-cardiac pathologies in patients with acute arterial occlusion
Authors: Kaygin Mehmet Ali , Halici Umit , Tort Mehmet , Yildiz Ziya , Dag Ozgur
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate cardiac and extra-cardiac pathologies in patients who were operated for acute arterial occlusion. METHODS: Between March 2010 and March 2018, a total of 120 patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute arterial occlusion were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS: 84 (70%) and 27 (22. 5%) of the patients had cardiac and extra-cardiac pathologies, respectively. In 9 (7. 5%) of the cases, no reason for arterial occlusion could be found. Pure atrial fibrillation was found in 39 (32. 5%) patients. Atrial fibrillation and cardiac valvular pathologies were detected in 45 patients (37. 5%). Among those with a cardiac valvular pathology, 9 patients (7. 5%) had pure mitral stenosis, 21 patients (17. 5%) had moderate to advanced mitral stenosis with tricuspid regurgitation, 9 patients (7. 5%) had 20-30 mitral regurgitation with 30 tricuspid regurgitation, 3 patients (2. 5%) had moderate mitral stenosis, 30-40 tricuspid regurgitation and 20-30 aortic stenosis, and 3 patients (2. 5%) had 30 mitral regurgitation, 10- 20 tricuspid regurgitation, calcific moderate aortic stenosis, and coronary artery disease. Among those 27 patients with an extra-cardiac pathology, 21 patients (22. 5%) had peripheral artery disease, 3 patients (2.5%) had an abdominal aortic aneurysm, and 3 patients (2. 5%) had Behçet's Disease. CONCLUSION: Cardiac and extra-cardiac pathologies should be kept in mind in patients with acute arterial occlusion. Thus, detected pathologies could be treated, and the development of additional peripheral emboli could be prevented.
Seasonal variation of clinical characteristics and prognostic of adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit
Authors: Galvão Glaucia , Mezzaroba Ana Luiza , Morakami Fernanda , Capeletti Meriele , Franco Filho Olavo , Tanita Marcos , Feronato Tiago , Charneski Barbara , Cardoso Lucienne , Andrade Larissa , Grion Cintia
Published: December 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate seasonal variations of clinical characteristics, therapeutic resource use, and outcomes of critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2011 to December 2016 in adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a University Hospital. Data were collected on the type of admission, APACHE II, SOFA, and TISS 28 scores at ICU admission. Length of hospital stay and vital status at hospital discharge were recorded. A significance level of 5% was adopted. RESULTS: During the study period, 3.711 patients were analyzed. Patients had a median age of 60.0 years (interquartile range = 45.0 − 73.0), and 59% were men. The independent risk factors associated with increased hospital mortality rate were age, chronic disease, seasonality, diagnostic category, need for mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs, presence of acute kidney injury, and sepsis at admission. CONCLUSION: It was possible to observe variations of the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients; summer months presented a higher proportion of clinical and emergency surgery patients, with higher mortality rates. Sepsis at ICU admission did not show seasonal behavior. A seasonal pattern was found for mortality rate.