bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTIVE METHODS AND MEDIAS USED IN HEALTH PROMOTION ABOUT ADOLESCENT HEALTH PRODUCTION
Authors: Sari Ida Puspita
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Adolescence is a period that determines the pattern of formation of later health status in adulthood. The phase toward the final adolescent will require a lot of effort to be more maximal. It’s because when starting adolescence, someone psyche becomes unstable, so it’s need for assistance. Risk behavior generally starts in this period. Aims: To summarize the scattered research on adolescent health to gain a more complete and varies illustration of the methods and media that have been used in adolescent health promotion and its effectiveness. Methods: The method used in writing this article is the literature review. The articles includes several books, journals, and health profile books issued by the agency. Results: The methods and media used to carry out health promotion in adolescents must be based on analysis of the situation. In addition, it also looks at the age patterns of target so that they can be interested. The method of deliver greatly influences the target's response to information. A more effective method is a method which combines many human senses. It also necessary to insert an atmosphere breaker for methods that can make boredom if done over a long time and monotonous. Conclusion: Social media is suitable to be used as an intermediary for delivering information in accordance with the frequency of teenagers accessing social media on a daily basis. Peer education and the involvement of education on reproductive health in the curriculum is a method that can improve adolescent understanding of reproductive health.
VOLTAGE ON THE POWER ELECTRIC DIODES OF A THREE-PHASE BRIDGE COMPENSATION CONVERTER WITH ONE COMMUTATING LINK
Authors: Boiko Valerii , Shkardun Olexander
Published: November 2023

The operating conditions of power electric diodes of a three-phase bridge compensation converter with one commutating link, which consists of a three-phase capacitor battery and a three-phase group of fully controlled devices, are investigated. This technical solution makes it possible to ensure the recharging of the capacitors of the commutating link and the control of the energy process of the converter. At the same time, the operating conditions of its power equipment also change. The main content of the study is the analysis of the components of the reverse voltage of the power electric diodes of the compensation part of the converter and the dynamics of its change during the regulation of the electromagnetic process by transistors of the commutating link. This is required when determining the class of diodes in the case of introducing a converter according to the scheme under study into production. The study of the magnitude and form of the reverse voltage was carried out for two modes: the transistors of the commutating link are controlled within the framework of the operation of the power electric diodes of their phase and the next one. The volume of research is limited to the analysis of processes at a single frequency of control pulses. As a result, it was proved that on the power electric diodes of the compensation part of the converter, the reverse voltage is less than on other valves. The reason for this is the commutating voltage of the capacitors, which, superimposed on the line voltage of the secondary winding of the converter transformer, reduces the maximum value of the reverse voltage curve of the electric diodes.
EUROPEAN OFFSHORE NETWORK WITH WIND POWER PLANTS
Authors: Kyryk Valerii , Shtefyrtsa Yelyzaveta
Published: November 2023

Problems The growth of electricity consumption and the change in climatic conditions present society with the challenge of ensuring sustainable and ecologically clean electricity production. For many countries, especially in the European Union, the transition to sustainable and ecologically clean energy sources has become a priority.

Objective A general overview and analysis of trends in the development of the network of offshore wind power plants located in the open sea on the continental shelf of European countries

Methodology of implementation The strategy for the development of a single European offshore network with wind power plants was used for research. The study of the effectiveness and advantages of offshore power plants was carried out in the variability of the advanced countries of the European Union..

Results An overview of the electric power industry of European countries that pursue an active policy in the field of offshore energy is given. The statistics on the generation of wind energy, the number and development of wind turbines in Europe are given. The main projects that have been implemented or are in the process of preparation have been considered. An analysis of the measures introduced by the European Union to increase the use of wind energy and reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and achieve carbon neutrality was performed.

Conclusions The European offshore network with wind power plants has become an important component of sustainable energy development in the region. Statistics on the development of offshore wind energy indicate that European countries are actively working on the development of this sector, investing significant efforts and resources.
MANAGEMENT OF FUEL CONSUMPTION OF 200 MW POWER UNIT WHEN OPERATING IN FREQUENT START-UP MODE
Authors: Peshko Vitalii , Lishchuk Sergii
Published: November 2023

In the context of insufficient maneuvering capacities in the United Energy System of Ukraine, 200 MW power units are used to cover peak loads in variable operating modes. At the same time, there is a deterioration in the economic performance of power equipment. The efficiency of power generation directly depends on the operating modes of the power unit. Therefore, the task was set to develop a system to rationalize operating modes in order to increase efficiency. The average annual specific fuel consumption was chosen as the objective function. To calculate the specific consumption during the year, the method of bringing all losses during start-up and stationary operation to similar consumption of conventional fuel was used. The following factors were selected as optimization factors: the power unit operation time during the year, the total number of starts from different thermal states for 1 year, and the proportion of starts from different thermal states. The limits of change in the factors were chosen as follows: the number of hours of power unit operation ti from 2000 to 6500 hours per year; annual number of starts ni from 25 to 75 times per year; the share of starts from the cold state of metal CSi from 0.1 to 0.9; the share of starts from the hot state GSj within the share of all starts (hot and un-cooled) from 0 to 1 The developed mathematical model allows to estimate fuel consumption for all possible combinations of operational factors. To demonstrate the operation of this system, calculations were performed for a specific 200 MW power unit with a TP-100 power boiler and a K-200-130 steam turbine. The main parameters of the power unit operation mode were determined using the start-up map and the operating instructions developed by the manufacturer. The calculations established a rational distribution of operating parameters, at which the consumption of conditional fuel is 334-340 g.c.f./kWh. It has been established that the rational number of hours of power unit operation is ti = 5500-6500 h/year, with the annual number of starts ni = 25-36 year-1, while the share of starts should be: from the cold state of the metal CSi = 0.72-0.9; from the hot state HSj = 0.1-0.28; from the un-cooled state USi,j = 0-0.18, and then the difference between the most rational and irrational operating modes is 16.5 % (fuel consumption of 55 g.c.f /kWh).
CONTROL OF VOLTAGE MODES AS A MEANS OF LOAD REGULATION
Authors: Kalinchyk Vasyl , Borichenko Olena , Kalinchyk Vitalii , Meita Olexander , Pobigaylo Vitaliy
Published: November 2023

The article substantiates the regulation of power consumption modes of production facilities due to the management of voltage modes in the power supply system. It is shown that the regulation of electricity consumption with the help of consumers - regulators (CR) is quite often associated with losses that occur when the CR is turned off. Studies have shown that the management of voltage modes in the power supply system, which affects its level, can play a positive role in increasing the efficiency of the optimization of power consumption modes. It is shown that a comprehensive solution to the problem of power consumption management is expedient both at the expense of CR control and the influence on the voltage regimes of the power supply system. It is shown that the regulating effect of the load is characterized by static characteristics. Solving the problem of forming static characteristics is possible in two ways: through active experiments and based on the integration of static characteristics of individual consumers. Experimental studies were conducted to identify the static characteristics of the load. Experiments were carried out on transformers of the main step-down substation of the chemical industry enterprise, equipped with on-load tap-changers. Experimental static characteristics with linear changes are constructed. The parameters of the model are determined by the method of least squares. Constructed experimental and analytical static characteristics. The voltage mode control procedure for load regulation is implemented in the power consumption control system.
Digital Confrontation between USA and China: Economic and Political Dimensions
Authors: Tsvetkova N. , Sytnik A.
Published: November 2023

China turned out to be the only rival to the US in terms of producing digital products sold in the global market. Digital confrontation, previously defined as economic competition between the United States and China in the fields of development, production, application, and control over digital products and social media platforms, has been transformed into political and ideological deterrence. The United States maintains its leadership in the world of technological innovations and is aimed at rolling back China’s informational activity in social media and its digital products from the markets of both the United States and target regions and countries indicated as a concern of US national security. The administration of Biden has intensified this confrontation by introducing the so-called policy of digital split with China limiting its access to US innovations, blocking social media platforms, and creating an anti-Chinese alliance in cyberspace. This study assesses China’s actions in cyberspace, including issues of digital expansion in African, Asian, and Latin American countries; information campaigns in social networks; and cyber-attacks in the United States. The countermeasures of the United States against the technological growth and expansion of China have been identified in the areas including the establishment of an anti-Chinese digital coalition, the policy of digital connectivity in the Asia-Pacific region, the bilateral cyber diplomacy, and restrictions on the dissemination of Chinese digital products and social networks in the United States. The study concludes that the United States has embarked on a large-scale reduction in China’s technological growth and cyberpower over the next three to five years.
Military-Technical Cooperation between Turkey and Azerbaijan: The Road to Integration?
Authors: Guzaerov R.
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the military-technical cooperation between Turkey and Azerbaijan. The evolution of the development of relations between Ankara and Baku in this area is presented. It is noted that for the first decades Turkey was cautious about military cooperation with Azerbaijan, largely limited to issues of training, superstructure of institutions, etc. The regulatory and legal framework of Turkish-Azerbaijani military cooperation is presented. The influence of the coup attempt in Turkey and the 4-day war on the relations of the countries is analyzed, which resulted in the intensification of interaction between the countries. The results of this interaction are presented in the form of an analysis of the 44-day war and the Shusha Declaration. It is concluded that the states seek to create a military-political union.
The exploration and research of family education in the context of Chinese culture
Authors:   University of Dundee, Chen Jing
Published: November 2023

Family education is highly valued in China, both at the national level and locally, in individual families. As a result, the state encourages schools, kindergartens, and communities to hold regular public lectures on family education. In addition, over recent generations Chinese parents have gradually reduced their control over their children and given them more autonomy. This has resulted in Chinese parents’ views on education becoming more closely aligned to those in the West. This article discusses this evolving situation from the perspective of a Chinese early-years educator, who also draws on personal experience of the UK education system.
CVM: Crossbar-Based Circuit Verification Through Modeling
Authors: Datta Rajesh
Published: November 2023

The implementation of Boolean functions using Nano crossbar- based switching lattices has been suggested as a substitute for conventional CMOS-based approaches in digital circuits . This alternative may satisfy the needs of future electronic designs, con- sidering the expected end of Moore’s law. This study introduces CVM, a Crossbar-based circuit Verification through Modeling tech- nique
Evaluating Metabarcoding Markers for Identifying Zooplankton and Ichthyoplankton Communities to Species in the Salish Sea: Morphological Comparisons and Rare, Threatened or Invasive Species
Authors: Stepien Carol A. , Schultz Haila K. , McAllister Sean M , Norton Emily L , Keister Julie E.
Published: November 2023

Zooplankton and ichthyoplankton community assessments depend on species diagnostics, yet morphological identifications are time consuming, require taxonomic expertise, and are hampered by lack of diagnostic characters –particularly for larval stages. Metabarcoding can identify multiple species in communities from short DNA sequences in comparison to reference databases. To evaluate species resolution across phylogenetic groups and food webs of zooplankton and ichthyoplankton, we compare five metabarcode mitochondrial (mt)DNA markers from gene regions of (a)cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, (b) cytochrome b, (c) 16S ribosomal RNA, and (d) 12S ribosomal RNA for DNA extracted from net tows in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean’s Salish Sea across seven sites and two seasons. Species resolved by metabarcoding are compared to invertebrate morphological identifications and biomass estimates. Results indicate that species resolution for different zooplankton and ichthyoplankton taxa can markedly vary among gene regions and markers, and in comparison to morphological identifications. Thus, researchers seeking “universal” metabarcoding should take caution that several markers and gene regions likely will be needed; all will miss some taxa and yield incomplete overlap. Species resolution requires careful attention to taxon marker selection and coverage in reference sequence repositories. In summary, combined multi-marker metabarcode and morphological approaches improve broadscale zooplankton diagnostics.
A Review of the Scope of Wearable Ultrasonic Sensors for Ischemia Monitoring
Authors: Brophy Evan , Imtiaz Masudul
Published: November 2023

Ischemia, the inadequate blood flow, can arise from pre-existing or traumatic events, remain an undetectable issue, and impact the body's ability to provide oxygen to necessary limbs, organs, muscles, or tissue. New technology involving wearable ultrasonic devices allows medical professionals to gain real-time insight into the cardiovascular system of their patients. A non-invasive, postage-stamp-sized ultrasonic sensor can be attached to a patient, allowing for continuous monitoring of the patient’s blood pressure outside of the hospital. After reviewing 16 papers on ultrasonic sensors, this paper intends to review the current use of wearable ultrasonic sensors and the advantages and limitations of the technology used to obtain accurate blood pressure readings. This review will bring attention to the evolving and expanding world of wearable ultrasonic sensors for medical applications.
Assessment of Standard Surgical Excision Efficacy and Analysis of Recurrence-Associated Factors in 343 Cases of Nasal Basal Cell Carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Baltrušaitytė Karolina , Zacharevskij Ernest , Pilipaitytė Loreta , Braziulis Kęstutis , Petkevičius Arūnas
Published: November 2023

In Caucasians, basal cell carcinoma, a type of non-melanoma skin cancer, is most often found on the nose. This presents challenges for surgeons due to anatomical, functional, and aesthetic concerns. The study aimed to evaluate the distribution of tumor localization, size, morphological subtypes, surgical outcomes, radicality levels, and their correlation with recurrence rates. The research utilized data from the Hygiene Institute Health Information Centre. A retrospective analysis encompassed 343 cases of nasal skin cancer over a four-year period from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022. The research cohort comprised 252 female and 91 male participants, averaging 75,2 years old. Tumors were most found on the left sidewall of the nose (25.4%) and the dorsum (24.8%). The infiltrative morphological subtype was predominant (70.8%). Standard surgical excision with fasciocutaneous plastic was the preferred surgical procedure. Radical excision was achieved in 79.0% of lesions, while 16.9% were incompletely excised. Non-radically excised tumors exhibited a significantly higher recurrence rate (24.1%) compared to those with radical excision (6.3%). In nasal reconstruction, diverse surgical techniques are essential for precise adaptation based on factors like tumor characteristics and patient needs. Despite surgeons' careful adherence to excision guidelines, the potential for non-radical procedures cannot be entirely eliminated.
Effects of Perceived Value on Sustainable Behavioral Intention among Pilates Participants: Focusing on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB)
Authors: Kim Sukkyu , Ha JungHee
Published: November 2023

This study examined the relationships between attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention through the perceived value of Pilates participants. The par-ticipants of this study were 301 Pilates students using Pilates studios located in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongbuk Province. The participants were selected by convenient sampling, a non-probability sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 24.0. The results can be summarized as follows. First, among the three sub-factors of perceived value, functional and social values had a positive effect on attitude. Second, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, which are three main components of the Theory of Planned Behavior, had a positive effect on the behavioral intention for Pilates. These results suggest that Pilates instructors require meticulous planning and efforts to develop an en-vironment for promoting spontaneous interest and participation to attract students and engage their attention and interest in the field.
Gene Expression Profiling of Post Mortem midbrain of Parkinson’s Disease patients and Healthy Controls
Authors: Salemi Michele , Ravo Maria , Lanza Giuseppe , Schillaci Francesca A. , Ventola Giovanna Maria , Marchese Giovanna , Salluzzo Maria Grazia , Cappelletti Graziella , Ferri Raffaele
Published: November 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) stands as the most prevalent degenerative movement disorder, characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. In this study, we assessed the transcriptome by analyzing post-mortem mRNA extracted from the substantia nigra of individuals with PD and healthy controls. A total of 16,148 transcripts were identified, with 92 mRNAs displaying differential expression between PD and control groups. Specifically, 33 mRNAs were significantly upregulated, while 59 mRNAs were downregulated in PD compared to controls. The identification of statistically significant signaling pathways, with an adjusted p-value threshold of 0.05, unveiled noteworthy insights. Particularly, enriched categories included cardiac muscle contraction (involving genes such as ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 (ATP1B2), solute carrier family 8 member A1 (SLC8A1), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX2)), GABAergic synapse (involving GABA type A receptor-associated protein like 1 (GABARAPL1), G protein subunit beta 5 (GNB5), and solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SLC38A2)), autophagy (involving GABARAPL1 and tumor protein p53-inducible nuclear protein 2 (TP53INP2)), and Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis (involving amphiphysin (AMPH)). These findings uncover new pathophysiological dimensions underlying PD, including the involvement of cardiac muscle contraction and specific mitochondrial activity. This knowledge not only contributes to better diagnostic precision but also paves the way for the development of new targeted therapies.Keywords: mRNAs; RNA sequencing; Parkinson’s disease; transcriptome analysis; substantia nigra
Effect of the Molybdenum Content on Wear and Corrosion Behavior of Fe-B Based Surface Alloyed Layer
Authors: Kocaman Engin
Published: November 2023

In this study, Fe-Mo-B based hardfacing electrodes containing different amounts of Mo were coated on an AISI 1020 steel substrate using the electric arc welding method. The findings show that molybdenum is highly effective on the microstructure and minor changes in the coating composition affect the phases and morphological properties. In the hardness tests, an increase of 73% was achieved in the Fe14Mo2B4 based hardfacing coating compared to the base material and a 30% increase compared to the Fe16B4 based coating. The highest macro hardness value was measured as 56.4 HRC and the highest phase hardness was measured as 3228 HV in the FeMo2B2 phase. The lowest wear rate was measured in the Fe14Mo2B2 based coating. The wear rate of the Fe14Mo2B4 based coating was 8.1 times lower than that of the substrate material and 4.7 times lower than that of the Fe16B4 based coating. According to corrosion test results, the highest corrosion resistance was obtained in Fe16B4 based coating. The current density value of the Fe16B4 based coating was measured to be 13.6 times lower than that of the substrate material.
Tentaclins – a Novel Family of Phage Receptor-Binding Proteins That Can Be Hypermutated by DGR Systems
Authors: Baykov Ivan K. , Tikunov Artem Y. , Babkin Igor V. , Fedorets Valeria A. , Zhirakovskaia Elena V. , Tikunova Nina V.
Published: November 2023

Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) are prokaryotic systems providing rapid modification and adaptation of target proteins. In phages, the main targets of DGRs are receptor-binding proteins that are usually parts of tail structures and the variability of such host-recognizing structures enables phage adaptation to changes on the bacterial host surface. Sometimes, more than one target gene containing a hypermutated variable repeat (VR) can be found in phage DGRs. The role of mutagenesis of two functionally different genes is unclear. In this study, several phage genomes that contain DGRs with two target genes were found in the gut virome of healthy volunteer. Bioinformatics analysis of these genes indicated that they encode proteins with different topology; however, both proteins contain the C-type lectin (C-lec) domain with a hypermutated beta-hairpin on its surface. One of the target proteins belongs to a new family of proteins with a specific topology: N-terminal C-lec domain followed by one or more immunoglobulin domains. Proteins from the new family were named tentaclins after TENTACLe+proteIN. The genes encoding such proteins were found in the genomes of prophages and phages from the gut metagenomes. We hypothesized that tentaclins are involved in binding either to bacterial receptors or intestinal/immune cells.
Evaluation of Non-planar Tool Interaction in Milling of Shaped Surfaces Using a Copy Milling Cutter
Authors: Varga Ján , Kender Štefan , Kaščák Ľuboš , Rohaľ Vladimír , Spišák Emil
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, when milling complex parts or curved surfaces, we encounter several problems that must be taken into account in the production process. There are various factors that affect the quality and accuracy of production. The main objective of this paper was to analyze the size of the effective tool diameter when machining a shaped surface with respect to the selected position, namely at the perpendicular position of the tool. At the same time, the distribution of the engagement area on the tool surface was evaluated by extracting the area content and volume data at the point of contact. The experiment was also intended to highlight the importance of the choice of finishing strategy in a CAM system. The results showed that the tool engagement size corresponded to the extracted data describing the area and volume size for each tool position with respect to the curvature of the surface. The negative deviations obtained by the scanning method were due to machining close to the tool centre, which was affected by the changing effective tool diameter.
Toughness Characterization and Toughening Mechanism of Diamond-like Carbon Films
Authors: Yu Xiang , Wang Yonghui , Hou Guangqiang , Ye Jingyan , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: November 2023

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have a promising tribological application in green precision manufacturing, but their toughness represents a serious issue in the way of their application perspective. The film thickness is on the micrometer scale and makes conventional methods unsuitable for its toughness characterization. The absence of an accepted method for characterizing the DLC toughness has hindered the related research on the development of toughening methods and understanding the mechanism. This work intends to explore a relatively simple and acceptable characterization method to measure the film toughness. Moreover, toughening mechanisms of DLC films are proposed during the characterization to reveal the toughening mechanism. The toughness can be fully characterized through combining impact toughness and scratch toughness. The impact toughness can be obtained by observing the size of the indentation and the crack state around the indentation in the impact experiment. The scratch toughness could be assessed by combining the scratch morphology and Crack Propagation Resistance (CPRS). The improvement of film toughness should be carried out from two aspects: preventing microcrack initiation and suppressing crack propagation. Appropriate doping of non-carbide metal particles can effectively improve the toughness of the film, and there are seven main factors affecting the toughening of the film. Five toughening mechanisms of non-carbide metals from film preparation to test stage are revealed during the investigation of the change patterns.
Unveiling the Molecular Signature of High-Temperature Cooking: GC-MS Profiling of Sucrose and Histidine Reactions and Its Derivatives Induce Necrotic Death on THP1 Immune Cells
Authors: Periasamy Vaiyapuri Subbarayan , Athinarayanan Jegan , A Alshatwi Ali
Published: November 2023

High-temperature cooking process like frying, baking, smoking, or drying can induce chemical transformations in conventional food ingredients, causing deteriorative modifications. These reactions, including hydrolytic, oxidative, and thermal changes, are a common occurrence and can result in alterations to the food's chemical composition. In this study, a combination of sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) was transformed through a process of charring or pyrolysis. The GC-MS profiling study showed that when sucrose and histidine (Su-Hi) are exposed to high temperatures (≈240°C), they produce carbonyl and aromatic compounds including beta-D-Glucopyranose, 1,6-anhydro (10.11 %), 2-Butanone, 4,4-dimethoxy- (12.89 %), 2(1H)-Quinolinone-hydrazine (5.73%), Benzenamine (6.35%), 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 1-[(3,4-dimethylbenzoyl)oxy]- (5.82%), Benzene-(1-ethyl-1-propenyl) (5.62%), and 4-Pyridinamine-2,6-dimethyl (5.52%). The compounds mentioned have the ability to permeate the cell membrane and contribute to the development of cell death by necrosis in human immune cells. The evidence available suggests that a specific set of pyrolytic compounds may pose a risk to immune cells. This investigation reveals the complex relationship between high-temperature cooking-induced transformations, compound permeation inside the cells, and downstream cellular responses, emphasizing the significance of considering the broader health implications of food chemical contaminants.
Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Breeding Line ‘Triumph’ with High Symbiotic Responsivity
Authors: Zorin Evgeny A. , Sulima Anton S. , Zhernakov Aleksandr I. , Kuzmina Daria O. , Rakova Valeria A. , Kliukova Marina S. , Romanyuk Daria A. , Kulaeva Olga A. , Akhtemova Gulnara A. , Shtark Oksana Y. , Tikhonovich Igor A. , Zhukov Vladimir A.
Published: November 2023

Pea (Pisum sativum L.), like most legumes, forms mutualistic symbioses with nodule bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The positive effect of inoculation is partially determined by the plant genotype, thus, pea varieties with high and low symbiotic responsivity have been described, but the molecular genetic basis of this trait remains unknown. Here, we compare the symbiotically responsive breeding line ‘Triumph’ of grain pea with its parental cultivars ‘Vendevil’ (a donor of high symbiotic responsivity) and ‘Classic’ (a donor of agriculturally valuable traits) using genome and transcriptome sequencing. We show that ‘Triumph’ inherited one-fourth of its genome from ‘Vendevil’, including the genes related to AM and nodule formation, and reveal that under combined inoculation with nodule bacteria and AM fungi, ‘Triumph’ and ‘Vendevil’, in contrast to ‘Classic’, demonstrate similar up-regulation of the genes related to solute transport, hormonal regulation and flavonoid biosynthesis in their roots. We also identify the gene PsGLP2, whose expression pattern distinguishing ‘Triumph’ and ‘Vendevil’ from ‘Classic’ correlates with difference within the promoter region sequence, making it a promising marker for the symbiotic responsivity trait. The results of the study may be helpful for future molecular breeding programs aimed at creation of symbiotically responsive cultivars of pea.
Resilient Nurses, COVID-19 Care and Beyond: Longitudinal Study of Psychology, Values and Self-Actualization
Authors: Adam-Bagley Chris , Abubaker Mahmoud , Sawyerr Alice
Published: November 2023

The present paper presents findings from the follow-up of 185 of these nurses who had been involved in the front-line care of COVID-19 patients in urban centres in Northern England, during and after the “second wave” of COVID patients in November, 2020. Measures of adjustment, stress (including PTSD), and Maslowian self-actualization were added to earlier measures of personality, adjustment, work-life stress, and career intention. Cluster analysis identified three types in the 2020-2023 cohort: I ‘Actualizing Professionals’; (N=62); II ‘Strong Professionals’ (N=56); III ‘Highly Stressed Nurses’ (N=45). These latter very stressed nurses included all nurses (N=16) identified as having PTSD symptoms.
Molecular Beam Epitaxy of Pd-Fe Graded Magnetic Films for Standing Spin-Waves Control
Authors: Yanilkin Igor V. , Gumarov Amir I. , Golovchanskiy Igor A. , Kiiamov Airat G. , Gabbasov Bulat F. , Yusupov Roman V. , Tagirov Lenar R.
Published: November 2023

: The paper demonstrates the capabilities of the molecular beam epitaxy method for deposition of ferromagnetic Pd-Fe alloy thin films with variable composition across the thickness possessing therefore graded magnetic properties. An approach to realize a concentration profile through the temperature control of an effusion cell during the deposition is described in detail. Using this technique, graded ferromagnetic films were synthesized that reveal a possibility to control the spectrum of standing spin waves in them. The limitations of creating graded Pd-Fe films are discussed, associated with the thermal inertia of the effusion cells, as well as with possible phase separation.
Methodology for the Identification of Vehicle Congestion Based on Dynamic Clustering
Authors: Reyes Gary , Tolozano-Benites Roberto , Lanzarini Laura , Estrebou César , Bariviera Aurelio F. , Barzola-Monteses Julio
Published: November 2023

Addressing sustainable mobility in urban areas has become a priority in today’s society, given the growing population and increasing vehicular flow in these areas. Intelligent Transportation Systems have emerged as innovative and effective technological solutions to address these challenges. Research in this area has become crucial, as it contributes not only to improve mobility in urban areas, but also to positively impact the quality of life of its inhabitants. To address this, a dynamic clustering methodology for vehicular trajectory data is proposed which can provide an accurate representation of the traffic state. Data was collected for the city of San Francisco, a dynamic clustering algorithm was applied and then an indicator was applied to identify areas with traffic congestion. Several experiments were also conducted with different parameterizations of the forgetting factor of the clustering algorithm. The results showed in terms of precision that the dynamic clustering methodology achieved high match rates compared to the congestion indicator applied to static cells.
Pattern and Determinants of Chemical and Drug Overdose Poisoning, Makkah, Saudi Arabia 2018-2019
Authors: Al-Khattabi Ghanim
Published: November 2023

Background: Poisoning is a challenging medical condition facing health care providers, as it usually results in serious outcomes in terms of morbidities or mortalities. Poisoning is a challenging medical condition facing health care providers, as it usually results in serious outcomes in terms of morbidities or mortalities. The lack of or inadequate information about the circumstances, substances and populations at risk are considered barriers to the actual prevention of poisoning and effective intervention strategies in Saudi Arabia. The aim of the current study was to describe the pattern and determinants of chemical and drug overdose poisoning in Makkah.Subjects and methods: All reports of chemical and drug overdose poisoning delivered to the Environmental Health and Occupational Safety Department in Makkah over two years (2018-2019) were reviewed.Results: The total number of cases reported in 2018 was 209 cases, while it reached 42 cases in 2019. The overwhelming majority of the cases were Saudi (91.6%), with a slight predominance of males (57.4%) over females (42.6%). Generally, almost two-thirds of the cases occurred in children below 13 years (61.4%), most of the poisoning cases resulted from drug overdose (63.3%), while 34.7% were chemical poisoning. The most common drug poisoning was attributed to analgesics followed by antiepileptics, antihypertensive drugs, antipsychotics and antimicrobials, while cleaning and detergent agents were the most commonly poisoned chemicals. The majority of these agents were taken by the oral route. Children's chemical poisoning was significantly higher than that in older age groups (p<0.05). All intentional poisoning occurred in adults; the great majority of them (88.9%) used drug overdosing rather than chemical substances.Conclusion and recommendations: The current study results are consistent with most of the previous studies carried out in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Further in-depth studies are needed to elaborate other social and demographic factors associated with chemical and drug overdose poisoning. Public health plans, policies and legislations should be implemented to reduce these factors. Intensive supervision of children is needed. Suicidal poisoning patients should seek psychiatric help to limit the possibility of attempting suicide again in the future. Furthermore, efforts are needed to plan and implement health education programs about the factors proven in the current study to be significantly related to chemical and drug overdose poisoning.
Analysis of Variable-Stiffness Characteristics of Variable-Stiffness Elastic Actuator
Authors: Peng He , Wang Xia , Geng Dexu , Xu Wenzhi
Published: November 2023

In order to improve the stiffness of the flexible robot,this paper proposes a variable-stiffness elastic actuator to improve the rigidity of flexible robots. The actuator integrates the working principles of a pneumatic drive, wedge structure, and particle blockage. the tensile stiffness of the actuator is nonlinearly negatively correlated with the air pressure because of the structural and material properties.The compressive stiffness and lateral stiffness increases nonlinearly as air pressure increases, being 3and 121 times greater at 0.17 MPa compared to 0 MPa, respectively. Beyond 0.17 MPa, the two stiffness of the actuator experiences incremental growth due to wedge impedance forces.
The Effect of Nudging on Compliance with Individual Prevention Measures against COVID-19: An Online Experiment on Greek University Students
Authors: Emmanouil Ioannis , Diamantis Manolis , Niakas Dimitris , Aletras Vassilis
Published: November 2023

Nudging has often been suggested as a means to promote health care efficiency and effectiveness by influencing behavior without restricting choice; its usefulness however has not been adequately assessed. We examined the effect of an altruistically framed awareness message about the novel coronavirus on the intention to comply with individual prevention measures against infection. 425 Greek postgraduate students, that were randomly assigned into a treatment and a control group, filled out a questionnaire on compliance and future intention to comply with six preventive measures. Results indicate that the altruistic message did not manage to influence intention to comply. Moreover, compliance was positively associated with risk perception, whereas women showed both higher compliance and risk perception than men. Vulnerability to novel coronavirus and positive vaccination status against it were accompanied by greater perception of risk, while the personal history of COVID-19 was associated with lower intention to comply, lower risk perception and higher health risk preferences. We conclude that nudging interventions should be evaluated before being adopted in practice, taking into account timing, target groups and means of communication.
Effect of the Flavonoid Rutin on the Modulation of the Enteric Nervous System in Experimental Model of Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: De Jesus Livia Bacelar , Frota Annyta , De Araújo Fillipe Mendes , Jesus Rafael Leonne Cruz de Jesus , Costa Maria de Fatima Dias , Silva Darizy Flavia , Gois Marcelo Biondaro , Baccan Gyselle Chrystina , Da Silva Victor Diogenes Amaral , Costa Silvia Lima
Published: November 2023

Recent discoveries have shown that enteric glial cells play an important role in different neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), which is characterized by motor dysfunctions caused by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substance nigra pars compacta and non-motor symptoms including gastrointestinal dysfunction. In this study we observed the modulatory effects of the flavonoid rutin on enteric glia in a PD animal model. Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to stereotaxic injection with 6-hydroxydopamine or saline, treated or not with rutin (10 mg/Kg) for 14 days. Intestinal segments (ileum and colon) were collected to analyze tissue reactivity and immunohistochemistry for neurons (HUc/d) and enteric glial cells (S100b) in the myoenteric plexuses. Behavioral tests demonstrated that treatment with rutin im-proved the motor capacity of parkinsonian animals, and also improved intestinal transit without interfering with the cell population; rutin treatment modulated reactivity of the ileal musculature by muscarinic activation, reducing relaxation through the signaling pathway of nitric oxide donors, and increasing the longitudinal contractility of the colon musculature in parkinsonian animals. Rutin demonstrated modulatory activities on the enteric nervous system, bringing relevant answers about the effect of the flavonoid in this system and po-tential application for PD adjuvant treatment.
Predicting Students' Progress in Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Authors: He Guijia , Huang Chengwei , Yang Steven , Ouh Eng Lieh , Ju Ran , Chen Yuanmi , Zhu Xiaoming
Published: November 2023

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are increasingly popular for online learning. These systems use adaptive algorithms to recommend relevant content based on students' profiles. However, instructors need to periodically assess students' performance to ensure learning outcomes and adjust strategies accordingly. Our objective is to predict students' progress in advance, enabling teachers to make quicker decisions and facilitating the iterative process of adaptive algorithms. For this study, we collected a dataset from ALIN, an online learning platform, consisting of over 5,000 students' learning records and test results. Using this dataset, we conducted experiments employing various machine learning algorithms. The results indicate that learning behavior contributes to improving forecast performance, while students' progress strongly correlates with their previous test results. Additionally, we discovered that students' progress can be indirectly predicted by forecasting their scores. Furthermore, by breaking down overall scores into several distinct components and predicting individual scores for each component, the accuracy of the forecasts can be improved.
Management of Knee Pain in Osteoarthritis with Orthobiologics and Corticosteroid Injection: More Questions than Answers
Authors: Schmitz Christoph , Alt Christopher , Alt Eckhard
Published: November 2023

A recent study published in Nature Medicine (Mautner et al., Nat Med 2023 Nov 2. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02632-w. Epub ahead of print) reported findings regarding a four-arm parallel, multicenter, single-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial with 480 patients, aimed at comparing the therapeutic effectiveness of orthobiologic interventions against corticosteroid injections for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). The study concluded that, one-year post-treatment, all orthobiologic therapies examined were equivalent in effectiveness to each other and to corticosteroid injections. While we commend the scope and methodological rigor of the trial, the publication could be enhanced by a more comprehensive presentation of data to support the conclusions drawn. Particularly, the omission of baseline data for primary outcomes, the missing context to evaluate absolute values, the lack of discussion regarding interindividual variability, and the unexpectedly favorable results for corticosteroids that contrast the established literature, are areas that merit additional examination and insight. Here we aim to highlight these points for consideration, and advocate for the release of supplementary data to facilitate a comprehensive understanding and utilization of this rich dataset.
Understanding Kinesiophobia: Predictors and Influence on Early Functional Outcomes in Patients with Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Aleksić Milica , Dubljanin Raspopović Emilija , Selaković Ivan , Tomanović Vujadinović Sanja , Kadija Marko , Milovanović Darko , Zaslansky Ruth
Published: November 2023

Kinesiophobia (fear of movement) has been recognized as a significant barrier to recovery and rehabilitation in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Our goal was to identify predictors of kinesiophobia and examine its correlation with early functional outcomes in TKA recipients. On the first and fifth postoperative days (POD1 and POD5), we evaluated pain using the International Pain Outcomes Questionnaire (IPO-Q) and created multidimensional pain composite scores (PROs). Functional status on POD 5 was determined by the Barthel index, 6-minute walking test, and knee range of motion. Kinesiophobia was measured on POD5 using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with kinesiophobia. Among 75 TKA patients, 27% exhibited kinesiophobia. The final regression model highlighted PRO1 (OR=1.6, CI=1.1-2.5), PRO2 (OR=2.1, CI=1.3-3.5), and education level (OR=0.6, CI=0.04-10.6) as significant kinesiophobia predictors. On POD5, those with kinesiophobia showed increased dependency, slower gait, and poorer knee extension recovery. Pain is a significant predictor of kinesiophobia after TKA. Furthermore, kinesiophobia has a significant impact on early functional outcomes after surgery. Using composite pain scores for pain evaluation offers a more comprehensive approach to understanding the connection between pain and kinesiophobia.
A Review of Recent Advancements in Sensors Employed in Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Shields Emily , Imtiaz Masudul
Published: November 2023

Multiple entities use unmanned underwater drones for various functions, but how can they navigate underwater at such depths without a pilot? It is essential to understand how different unmanned underwater drones, such as remotely operated and autonomous underwater vehicles, function with underwater sensing technology. As each unmanned underwater drone has its function, the combination or chief use of the sensors is equally essential to recognize. Different underwater drone designs can be more cost-effective when a human is not on board as it can lead to a smaller, streamlined design in which oxygen and pressure control need not be a factor. Without considering oxygen limitations, these underwater drones can remain submerged for extended periods. These underwater vehicles operate autonomously or in conditions that may leave the individuals controlling the trajectory relying upon these sensors. It is also necessary to review how these sensors work, how they are implemented, and how they can help the public. This review was performed to address these research questions and provide an overview of sensors employed by unmanned underwater vehicles.