bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Синтез и биологические свойства (z)-2-ариламидо-N-(1,3-дигидрокси-1-(4-нитрофенил)-пропан-2-ил)-3-арилакриламидов
Authors: Оганесян А. А. , Тосунян С. Р. , Агабабян А. Г. , Алексанян Е. Р. , Оганнесян Н. А. , Макичян А. Т. , Топузян В. О.
Published: April 2022

Реакцией ненасыщенных 5(4Н)-оксазолонов с (2S)-2-амино-1-(4-нитрофенил)пропан-1,3-диолом осуществлен синтез и описаны физико-химические характеристики 1-(4-нитрофенил)пропан-1,3-диол-2-амидов N-замещенных α,β-дегидроаминокислот. Приведены результаты их взаимодействия с эритроцитарной ацетилхолинэстеразой (АХЭ) и плазменной бути-рилхолинэстеразой (БуХЭ) человека. Также иследованы антирадикальные свойства этих соединений. Установлено, что все синтезированные соединения обладают слабой антихолинэстеразной и антирадикальной активностью, исключение составляют производные α,β-де-гидротирозина.
Ranking of Identified Barriers in Implementation of Six Sigma in Indian Industries
Authors:   Finolex Academy Of Management & Tech, Ratnagiri, India., Naik Mahadev
Published: April 2022

From last decade, six sigma is a primary statistical tool for process improvement and also quality improving techniques. The main aim is to study the six sigma methodology and the barriers affecting its implementation and finding solutions to this barrier in Indian MSMEs. This study proposes a composite framework using Modified Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA). The SWARA is used to determine the factors (i.e. barriers) weightings. Which recognize the six sigma barriers and to prioritize the barriers in six sigma implementation. As this methods is among the recent member of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)-family and have found its approach in straighten out number of MCDM problems. Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method- SWARA is a Simplistic and less monochrome method as compared with other MCDM methods .The judgement of SWARA method is based on expert’s capability and experience. This method considers the facts that one attribute is of higher or lower significance than other attributes .This method finds significance ratio of attributes for making decisions. This Study may give remarkable statute to the decision-makers and domain experts to build up their arrangement of organizational activity for short terms as well as for the long haul for MSMEs in implementing six sigma in Indian Industries. Barriers were prioritise and then ranked by using SWARA method. Key Words: Six sigma, Barriers, MCDM and SWARA.
Early Return to Play After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Is It Worth the Risk?
Authors: Török László , Jávor Péter , Török Katalin , Rárosi Ferenc , Hartmann Petra
Published: April 2022

Objective To compare the outcomes of a 6-month-long accelerated rehabilitation with a 12-month-long rehabilitation. There is no consensus on the optimal duration of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Trends in the past decades have shifted towards accelerated programs, often resulting in a return to play (RTP) at 4–6 months, postoperatively. However, longer rehabilitation cycles have recently experienced renaissance due to a greater understanding of graft remodeling.Methods Adult athletes who underwent ACLR between 2015 and 2018 by the same surgeon were included and followed-up prospectively for 24 months. Participants were allocated into two groups based on their RTP (6 months vs. 12 months) and compared with graft elongation, reoperation rate, and sports career (quit or continue) outcomes.Results Fifty-four patients underwent accelerated rehabilitation and 92 completed conventional rehabilitation. The accelerated rehabilitation was significantly associated with graft elongation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=9) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=0), p<0.001—and need for reoperation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=5) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=1), p=0.026. Although the relationship between rehabilitation time and quitting competitive sports did not reach significance at 0.05 level (p=0.063), it was significant when p<0.1, thereby showing a clear trend.Conclusion Accelerated rehabilitation increased graft elongation risk. Knee laxity ≥3 mm measured at 6 months after ACLR should be accompanied by RTP time frame re-evaluation. Arthrometry checkups or routine magnetic resonance imaging shortly after RTP may be considered in cases of accelerated rehabilitation.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 15, No. 2
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: April 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2022
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 11, No. 3
Authors: Smith Wendy
Published: April 2022

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 11, No. 3
Teaching About Police Brutality Through Music
Authors: Engle Anna
Published: April 2022

I taught 2nd year high school students at a private girl’s school in Japan about police brutality and the African American experience through songs by four different African American artists: Michael Jackson, Beyoncé, James Brown and Alicia Keys. Other resources utilized in this elective class included the film “The Hate U Give” (2018), interviews and videos on YouTube and an original interview with an African American teacher working at the school.  Utilizing music and many other primary sources, this course helped students improve their English, learn about American culture, and reflect on challenging current events. While the topic was linguistically difficult for English language learners, I introduced vocabulary from the songs and other sources, prepared pre-viewing guides, and regularly checked for comprehension through discussion questions and collecting student work. The students seemed to appreciate being able to discuss a difficult, relevant topic, and their vocabulary related to the subject matter steadily improved. Students also seemed to enjoy the materials used to teach the content matter.
Les Bijoux de la Kardashian : pour un enseignement renouvelé de la B.D en classe de FLE
Authors: Burg Gaëlle
Published: April 2022

En classe de FLE, la BD reste souvent instrumentalisée pour l’enseignement de la langue et fait rarement l’objet d’une approche intégrée où elle serait étudiée pour elle-même, dans sa dimension artistique, à la fois littéraire et iconographique. Le manque de théorisation didactique pour ce média, de formation des enseignant-e-s ou encore leur méconnaissance du « neuvième art » et de ses mécanismes producteurs de sens expliquent ce constat. Notre article plaide pour un renouvellement de l’enseignement de la BD en classe de langue à travers une approche littéraire et propose des pistes pédagogiques à partir des Bijoux de la Kardashian de François Vignolle, Julien Dumond et Grégory Mardon (2019).
Éveil aux langues, justice sociale et réconciliation avec les peuples Autochtones : aperçu d’une recherche menée dans le contexte ouest-canadien
Authors: Lemaire Eva
Published: April 2022

Dans cet article, on explore les connexions possibles entre l’éveil aux langues et les pédagogies autochtones dans le but de familiariser les élèves francophones de l’ouest canadien aux langues ancestrales parlées par les Métis, un des trois peuples autochtones reconnus par le Canada ; et ce dans le but d’éduquer à la réconciliation et à la justice sociale. Après avoir expliqué brièvement le contexte social et éducatif, on expliquera la démarche pédagogique et didactique adoptée, en collaboration avec la communauté métisse et le milieu enseignant ; et on donnera quelques exemples d’activités de classe visant spécifiquement à éveiller les élèves, au-delà des langues présentées, aux réalités autochtones et aux enjeux de société contemporains.
Eine Untersuchung der Lesekompetenzen im ersten Lernjahr Frühfranzösisch bei Schülerinnen und Schülern mit und ohne (Schrift-)Sprachstörungen
Authors: Rindlisbacher Barbara
Published: April 2022

Das vorliegende Forschungsprojekt liefert erstmals Grundlagenwissen zu den französischen Lesekompetenzen von Drittklässlerinnen und Drittklässlern mit und ohne (Schrift-)Sprachstörungen. Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Lesekompetenzen in der Erstschriftsprache Deutsch einen positiven Einfluss auf den Erwerb von französischen Lesekompetenzen haben. Ausserdem konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass sich bereits nach einem Lernjahr Unterschiede in verschiedenen Teillesekompetenzen zwischen den Lernergruppen feststellen lassen. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für eine frühzeitige Erfassung verschiedener Teillesekompetenzen und eine explizite Didaktik und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Lehrpersonen bei denjenigen Schülerinnen und Schülern, die geringe Sprachlernstrategien aufweisen.
Who gets to be the hero(ine)? Analysing female and male role models in Japanese textbooks of English as a foreign language
Authors: Ronci Martina
Published: April 2022

Research on textbooks of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Japan has pointed out issues in gender and ethnic representation. Sustained efforts to achieve equal representation of both subjects have led to more balanced contents, but the problem has not yet been overcome. The aim of this paper is to address how the ‘role model’ genre found in Japanese EFL high school textbooks perpetuates negative stereotypes and ideologies through consistent misrepresentation. The findings point to an under-representation of female, foreign and diverse characters, often relegated to submissive archetypes (such as nature and environmental concerns) as opposed to the athletes, winners and successful individuals portrayed by active Japanese male characters.
La représentation des femmes dans les manuels de français pour l'enseignement tertiaire des langues étrangères dans les écoles secondaires en Allemagne
Authors: Korell Johanna Lea
Published: April 2022

L'article analyse la représentation des personnes de sexe féminin dans les manuels de FLE et examine leur (in)égalité de traitement avec les personnes de sexe masculin. Pour ce faire, la langue, les illustrations et les champs thématiques sont analysés au moyen d'un catalogue de questions développé. L'état de la recherche sur les études de genre en didactique du français est brièvement esquissé et l'importance des manuels pour la promotion d'une conscience de genre chez les apprenants est mise en évidence. Les principaux résultats de l'analyse sont ensuite présentés, les implications pour les enseignants sont déduites et des recommandations sont formulées sur la manière de promouvoir et d'approfondir la conscience de genre des apprenants.
sessismo nella collocazione del lessico dei manuali di italiano L2
Authors: Nitti Paolo
Published: April 2022

In questo saggio si propongono i risultati di un’analisi della presenza di usi linguistici sessisti all’interno della manualistica scolastica riferita all’insegnamento dell’italiano come L2, sulla base di un campione rappresentativo di libri di testo. In particolare, è stato creato un corpus relativo a un campione di 50 libri di testo di italiano L2, selezionati con una data di pubblicazione successiva al 2015, in modo da valutare le soluzioni linguistiche più recenti. Il corpus è stato interrogato in merito alla collocazione sintattica di alcuni lessemi (“mamma”, “papà”, “signore”, “signora”) e ambiti di vita (il lavoro, le professioni e la casa) selezionati sulla base dell’impiego potenzialmente sessista (Nitti, 2020).
Auguri e figlie femmine
Authors: Santoro Giuliana
Published: April 2022

Per prepararsi adeguatamente al cinquantesimo anniversario dell’introduzione del diritto di voto e di eleggibilità delle donne, il 7 febbraio 2021, la nipote di due donne ammesse alle urne nel 1971 passa al vaglio il suo modo di esprimersi e di pensare per verificare se la parità di genere, mezzo secolo più tardi, è presente anche nella lingua che parliamo tutti i giorni.
Mediazione e repertori plurilingui nel Villaggio delle lingue: nuovi strumenti per la didattica e la valutazione
Authors: Lopopolo Olga , Zanasi Lorenzo
Published: April 2022

Il contributo descrive il ruolo e le modalità della mediazione nell’ambito del “Villaggio delle lingue”, un contesto simulato di interazione comunicativa plurilingue che rappresenta sia uno strumento didattico action-oriented e basato su task, per focalizzare l’attenzione degli studenti sui processi comunicativi in L1, L2, L3 e in lingue sconosciute, sia un metodo empirico di elicitazione dei dati linguistici per analisi linguistiche e valutazione delle competenze.

Il “Villaggio delle lingue” permette, all’interno della classe, di creare scenari di apprendimento linguistico di volta in volta diversi, in cui gli studenti agiscono come attori sociali, impegnandosi nella negoziazione e nella mediazione linguistica in vista di un obiettivo comune. Nel 2018, all’interno del progetto RepertoirePluS il “Villaggio” è stato somministrato dall’Istituto di linguistica applicata di Eurac Research in 7 classi delle scuole secondarie di 1° e 2° grado (scuole in lingua italiana, tedesca e scuole nelle valli ladine) della Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano. Attraverso un caso di studio si osserveranno le strategie messe in atto dagli studenti per mobilitare i propri repertori linguistici e semiotici con lo scopo di raggiungere una comunicazione efficace in contesti di plurilinguismo.
La médiation en tant que moyen d’intervention sociale – Perspectives pour une responsabilité assumée entre impératif éthique et devoir déontologique
Authors: Cavalli Marisa
Published: April 2022

La médiation est non seulement un thème à la mode. Elle constitue un très vaste domaine au croisement d’optiques disciplinaires les plus diverses qui, chacune, fournit sa propre définition de la notion selon ses propres finalités et paramètres. L’espace ici imparti ne permet pas d’en tracer un historique ne serait-ce que dans le domaine de l’éducation ou dans celui, plus restreint, de la didactique des langues et des cultures. Si divers auteurs s’y sont essayés pour ce qui concerne ce dernier domaine (cf. par exemple, Zarate et alii 2002, North & Piccardo 2016, Huver & Lorilleux (eds) 2018, Lorilleux & Huver (eds) 2018), il est pour le moins surprenant de vérifier à quel point les références communes ou simplement convergentes sont peu nombreuses.
Sprachmittlung – Mediation im Fremdsprachenunterricht. Kompetenz und Bildungsziel
Authors: Reimann Daniel
Published: April 2022

Der GeR des Jahres 2001 (Europarat 2001) war ein Initialmoment für eine neuerliche Reflexion und Integration sprachmittelnder Aktivitäten in den Fremdsprachenunterricht, doch war das dort zugrunde gelegte Konstrukt aus heutiger Perspektive eher rudimentär. Gleichwohl stellt der GeR „Mediation“ als vierten und komplexesten Modus kommunikativer Sprachaktivitäten neben Rezeption, Produktion und Interaktion (Europarat 2001, 25f.). Schulpraxis, Bildungsadministration und Fremdsprachenforschung haben in den etwa 15 vergangenen Jahren zahlreiche Ansätze der Entwicklung und Evaluation von Sprachmittlungskompetenz vorgelegt. Durch die Veröffentlichung des Companion Volume zum GeR im Jahr 2018 (Europarat 2018), in dem der „Mediation“ große Bedeutung beigemessen wird, ist Sprachmittlung – Mediation europaweit und darüber hinaus erneut und spürbar ins Bewusstsein der Fremdsprachendidaktik und Schulentwicklung gerückt worden. Nun ist das Konzept „Mediation“ im Companion Volume so weit gefasst, dass sich die Frage stellt, inwieweit es in unterrichtlichen Aktivitäten des Fremdsprachenunterrichts und in ihrer Evaluation überhaupt erfasst werden kann oder inwieweit es sich nicht um ein übergeordnetes, fächerübergreifend zu denkendes Bildungsziel handelt – und wie sich Bildungssysteme verhalten sollen, die den GeR zum Anlass genommen hatten, Sprachmittlung vor allem als sinngemäße Übertragung von Texten aus einer Sprache in eine andere Sprache zu operationalisieren (vgl. z.B. DGFF 2018, Reimann 2019). Der Beitrag wird vor diesem Hintergrund 1.) das Konstrukt Sprachmittlung im GeR des Jahres 2001 rekapitulieren und exemplarisch seine Operationalisierung im deutschen Bildungskontext der vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnte vorstellen, 2.) Konstrukt, Skalen und Deskriptoren im neuen Referenzrahmen des Jahres 2018 vorstellen,  3.) diese vor  dem Hintergrund bisher etablierter Operationalisierungen reflektieren und 4.) Anregungen für ein erweitertes Mediationskonzept in der Praxis des schulischen Fremdsprachenunterricht geben, wie sie sich aus dem Companion Volume ergeben können.
Die «attività connesse con lo scritto»: heilige Kuh oder goldenes Kalb der Sprachendidaktik?
Authors: Thonhauser Ingo
Published: April 2022

Nella tradizione dell’insegnamento delle lingue seconde, le attività connesse con lo scritto hanno sempre avuto un ruolo di preminenza, sia che siano servite per la lettura e l’esercitazione di aspetti grammaticali o particolari strutture linguistiche, sia che abbiano fornito la base per la valutazione degli allievi. Raramente si era messo in discussione il ruolo o l'importanza dello scritto quale principale veicolo didattico: una sorta di “vacca sacra” che solo l’avvento dei nuovi approcci negli anni ‘70, strutturo-globali dapprima e comunicativi in seguito, ha permesso di sottoporre ad una primo sguardo critico. Negli ultimi due decenni le acque hanno comunque cominciato a muoversi con decisione. Nel campo della ricerca, ma anche fra gli insegnanti, la discussione si è sviluppata anche nel campo delle L2, stimolata da analoghe preoccupazioni nell’area della lingua materna e da un nuovo interesse della psicologia cognitiva.” (Einleitung der  Ausgabe 3/1995 Hervorhebung von mir)
Tra Babylonia e Prometeo: la ricerca di un nuovo futuro
Authors: Ghisla Gianni
Published: April 2022

Prima di un nuovo inizio, Babylonia volge lo sguardo su trent'anni di lavoro di successo, mentre la Fondazione Lingue e Culture si appresta a concludere il suo viaggio. Che sia il momento dei bilanci? Forse. Ma i bilanci, soprattutto quando redatti dal punto di vista soggettivo di un protagonista, comportano la non banale tentazione di una trasfigurazione idealizzante o, alternativamente, di un’autolegittimazione di stampo pessimistico. In occasione del ventesimo anniversario di Babylonia, avevo già redatto un bilancio attraverso la presentazione dei miei punti di vista. Mi pare ora giusto che quel tentativo rimanga tale, eccezion fatta per piccole reminiscenze a cui non intendo rinunciare. Concludevo quel saggio, sottolineando la necessità di "nuove narrazioni", capaci di proporre qualcosa di diverso per il futuro, soprattutto per la Svizzera.
Quel desiderio resta attuale. Perché se i tempi sono cambiati, radicalmente e profondamente, ciò è avvenuto nella direzione che già si profilava allora, oggi ancora rafforzata dalla pandemia di Covid che stiamo vivendo.
Pandhouder, ken uw grenzen
Authors: Sardjoe M.P.R.
Published: April 2022

Pandhouder, ken uw grenzen

In deze bijdrage wordt ingegaan op de bijzondere positie van pandhouders ten opzichte van andere crediteuren (ook in faillissement) en mogelijke begrenzingen van die positie, bijvoorbeeld op grond van de Faillissementswet en de Wet homologatie onderhands akkoord. Daarnaast wordt een specifiek voorbeeld van een begrenzing besproken uit het vonnis in het D-Reizen-faillissement van 28 mei 2021, waarbij de rechtbank toetst of sprake is van misbruik van bevoegdheid door de pandhouder. Dit vonnis wordt eveneens besproken in het licht van andere rechtspraak over dit onderwerp, met als algemene conclusie dat de (separatisten)positie van pandhouders niet onbegrensd is.
Zicht op het meten van effecten van de handhaving door de Belastingdienst
Authors: van der Hel Lisette , Goslinga Sjoerd , Siglé Maarten
Published: April 2022

Zicht op het meten van effecten van de handhaving door de Belastingdienst

Onder andere de Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid bepleit dat toezichthouders de maatschappelijke opbrengsten van hun werk centraler stellen in hun beleid. Dat maakt het inzicht in de effecten van hun handelen steeds belangrijker. Dat geldt ook voor de Belastingdienst. Dit artikel beschrijft hoe het evalueren van de effecten van de handhaving door de Belastingdienst zich de afgelopen jaren heeft ontwikkeld en welke lessen daaruit zijn te leren over het meten van effecten door toezichthouders. Wij stellen vast dat sprake is van een toenemende aandacht voor evaluaties in het fiscale domein, maar dat effectmeting nog geen integraal onderdeel is van het werk van de Belastingdienst. Sommige van de geïdentificeerde uitdagingen zijn hardnekkig, maar bij andere – zoals het expliciteren van de beleidstheorie – zijn positieve ontwikkelingen zichtbaar. Toezichthouders zijn gebaat bij een systematisch en gestructureerd evaluatieproces dat is ingebed in de werkwijze van de toezichthouder en dat een samenhangend en onderbouwd resultaat van de uitgevoerde activiteiten laat zien om zo de toegevoegde waarde van het toezicht inzichtelijk te maken. Een strategie waar effectmeting onderdeel van is, een duidelijke visie op evalueren, centrale coördinatie, een evaluatieagenda en kortcyclisch evalueren helpen naar ons idee om beter in te spelen op hetgeen het toezicht in de huidige tijd vraagt en om tegelijkertijd de uitdagingen die kleven aan het uitvoeren van effectmetingen beter het hoofd te kunnen bieden.
It’s your mooooove: Why teaching with games should be like ｖａｐｏｒｗａｖｅ (and not nightcore)
Authors: York James
Published: April 2022

👤 There’s no need to rush gameplay in a classroom.
🏁 20 minutes at the end of the week? Too short.
🌺 Take your time. Give students time. Slow it down.
🌴 Good Ludic Language Pedagogy is like ｖａｐｏｒｗａｖｅ; not nightcore.
🌊 #LudicLanguagePedagogy #vaporwave
Traffic Flow Indicators Analysis to Determine Causes of Vehicular Congestion
Authors: Diaz Carlos , Beltran Karen , Diaz Cesar , Baena Alejandra
Published: April 2022

The analysis of the level of vehicular congestion that occurs in the surrounding sectors of the downtown neighborhood in the city Villavicencio, Colombia specifically on Alfonso López Avenue and both of its main intersections are presented. The results of the analysis of the measurements of the speeds that were obtained taking the different modes of transportation such as private, public (taxis and buses), and plate method. Speeds were taken at peak and off-peak hours in the morning and afternoon for 15 continuous days through cycles that incorporate a series of fluid and congested traffic or combined taking into account the relationship variables between flow, velocity, density, interval, and spacing. Additionally, at intersections, traffic flow indicators were obtained to propose a solution that allowed improving the level of service on each one using the simulation tool Synchro. The previous analysis seeks to contribute to the discussion about the impact of the different modes of transportation on traffic congestion, the road and signals infrastructure, and how to diagnose and propose solutions to improve mobility.
Ultra-short heart rate variability and Poincaré plots
Authors: Gallardo Jose , Bellone Giannina , Risk Marcelo
Published: April 2022

The short-term heart rate variability records of 5 minutes are currently considered very extensive compared to other indicators of health and well-being of people, such as body weight, blood glucose, blood pressure, etc. To find records of indicators less than 5 minutes, ultra-short heart rate variability, equivalent to the short-term heart rate variability, samples registers of 5 minutes is used to extract SS (stress score index) and S / PS (sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio) from the Poincaré diagram and correlate with the time and frequency domain of a group of subjects. To do this, the electrocardiographic signals were recorded for 300 seconds at rest then, the cardiotachograms (RR series) were calculated and used as a gold standard, and cardiotachogram were also calculated at intervals of 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 seconds to perform the analysis of concordance with the gold standard. We use concordance analysis: Spearman, Bland, and Altman correlation, and Cliff's delta. This study set out to, that the indicator S/PS -- proposed for the analysis of the autonomic balance -- could be regarded as an alternative for traditionally be used LF/HF (Low Frequency / High Frequency) of the frequency domain or SD21 (SD2 / SD1) of the graphic Poincaré domain. In addition, the SS times within records of 120 seconds, were equivalent to those of short-term HRV and S/PS of 90 seconds. This finding, while preliminary, suggests that a reduction in measurement times will make it possible to increase the use of heart rate variability analysis. In future investigations, it might be possible to use these indicators in different populations and use of different pre-processing methods.
Gold price prediction using the Box-Jenkins methodology
Authors: Babatunde Abdulrauph , Igboeli Uchenna
Published: April 2022

Information on the speculation and trading of gold abounds. Investors are attracted to moving their funds to gold as guaranteed storage of wealth, while traders capitalize on the dynamism of the market to build capital. The ups and downs in the price of gold and other precious metals can be predicted with proven mathematical and artificial intelligent algorithms. This study used machine learning algorithm in the price prediction of gold over a ten-year period. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was used in the experiment, while Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) evaluation metrics were used in the evaluation of the performance of the various ARIMA models. The results obtained in the study proved that ARIMA could achieve high prediction performance over the entire period of prediction. The best prediction outcome of 98.23% was obtained during the 52-week period.
Capacity Analysis of Channel Inversion Using Space-Time Block Coding with Transmit Power Control
Authors: Erdem Nergis , Ertas Tuncay
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we analyze channel inversion with transmit diversity in terms of capacity and bit error rates in correlated fading. We obtain the Shannon capacity of Rayleigh fading channel under channel inversion using spatially correlated dual branch orthogonal space-time block coding, in comparison with the optimal power and rate adaptation policy, and provide a simple fixed-rate power adaptation policy to invert the Rayleigh fading into additive white Gaussian noise channel, and obtain the bit error rates using binary phase-shift keying modulation with/without channel inversion. It is found that the correlation generally causes a loss in capacity, which becomes more distinct with channel inversion relative to the optimal power and rate adaptation policy, especially when power correlation is greater than 0.5, and hinders otherwise possible full inversion. Transmit power truncation introduces power gain over full inversion, which manifests itself as an increase in capacity and a decrease in bit error probability. This gain increases with decreasing truncation level of the allowed peak transmit power. Inverting with truncation, a gain of about 19 dB in signal-to-noise ratio is obtained over classical single-antenna transmission without inversion. This gain may be further increased by a combination of truncation and correlation levels, as the correlation surprisingly turns to advantage when the normalized permitted peak-power is below 2 dB. However, the gain is normally accompanied by lower throughput or bandwidth expansion for a fixed data rate due to outage.
Cohesive DS-PID and FQL Control Mechanisms to Enhance the Performance of the Electric Vehicle System
Authors: Siva Subramanian A. P. , Sutha B. S. , Aravind Britto K. R.
Published: April 2022

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have become more popular and attractive in recent days, due to their benefits of zero carbon emissions, cost effectiveness, reduced maintenance, and effectiveness. In which, controlling the speed of motor and proper power regulation are the important tasks for designing the EV systems. For this purpose, various control techniques have been developed in the existing works, but it limits with the major problems of reduced efficiency, increased error output, and high time consumption. To solve these problems, this paper intends to develop an advanced and novel optimization-based control algorithms for controlling the speed of motor and regulating the output power of EV systems. Here, the Maximum Peak Point Control (MPPT) technique is utilized to extract the increased amount of power from the PV panels. Then, the Dual Fold Luo (DFLuo) DC-DC converter topology is utilized to regulate the output DC power to improve the battery storage of the EV system. Consequently, the optimization-based Dynamic Supervision-PID (DS-PID) control mechanism is employed to recognize the maximum power from PV to generate the control pulses for switching activities. After that, the Fractional Quadratic Linearizer (FQL) control technique is utilized for controlling the speed of BLDC motor, in which the current limiter controls the speed based on the input features of the brake and the speed of motor running at each time instant. During the simulation evaluation, the results of the proposed control mechanisms are validated and compared using various performance measures.
Cases of Misunderstanding
Authors: Tsvetkova Elena Teofilova ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The article reviews cases of unsuccessful implicatures and possible reasons for misunderstanding the speaker’s meaning. The focus is on explaining misunderstanding with the graded salience hypothesis. Under review are examples of cases where the conventional meaning and intended meaning differ thus resulting in a misunderstanding. The graded salience hypothesis offers an explanation of how we understand expressions based on personal preference priority, so the main argument made is that in cases of misunderstanding the speaker and the listener prioritize different meanings attributed to the same expression due to differences in knowledge, personal background, familiarity with the expression in particular usage, etc. There are also cases of scalar implicatures where the inference meaning is not always the same. In such cases, the speaker’s meaning could be misunderstood if the listener considers a different meaning of the scalar expression as more salient than the one the speaker wishes to convey.
The Missing Link of Machine Learning in Healthcare
Authors: Ibanga Diana-Abasi , Peppe Sara ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The aim of this article is to show how the ambivalent nature of reality might impact artificial intelligence (AI) use in medicine. The work illustrates that machine learning (ML) modelling requires some significant levels of data straight-jacketing to be efficient. However, data objectification will be counter-productive in the long run in AI-enabled medical contexts. The problem is that the ambivalent nature of realities requires a non-objectified modelling process, which is missing in machine learning at the moment. On the basis of this, the study hypothesizes that AI-enabled medicine will continue to depend largely on human intelligence to be efficient at least for the foreseeable future. The implication of this is that intelligent machines should be viewed as co-workers with man. The study draws from the theories of ontology in the Western continental tradition (especially the Heideggerian ontology) and the African philosophical tradition to ground the discourse.
Rationality of Wisdom-Inquiry and Redefining the Tasks of Universities
Authors: Müürsepp Peeter , Jakubik Maria ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The article addresses the two sides of the work of Nicholas Maxwell – his criticism of science and his call to bring about a revolution in academia encouraging it to become much more effective in tackling the real problems humanity is facing. I would use: It focuses on the connection of these two aspects of Maxwell’s work and provides a critical analysis of Maxwell’s conceptual framework. It is argued here that the two sides of Maxwell’s whole conception are not necessarily connected, and do not have to be. Academia can be more effectively organized even without a change in our understanding of science. Maxwell has argued that academia has to aim at making wisdom rather than knowledge its goal. The knowledge-inquiry framework that currently prevails should be exchanged for wisdom-inquiry. Maxwell has explained his understanding of wisdom in several publications, while not being fully consistent in his explanations of what wisdom-inquiry has to embrace. In addition, Maxwell’s original approach to rationality goes against traditional attitudes. Maxwell is definitely critical of the Enlightenment but his attitude to Romanticism remains unclear. Related to these, the article addresses the future tasks of universities.
The Butchered Faunal Remains from Nahal Tillah, an Early Bronze Age I Egypto-Levantine Settlement in the Southern Levant
Authors: Beller Jeremy A. , Greenfield Haskel J. , Levy Thomas E.
Published: April 2022

The examination of butchering technology and patterns from archaeological sites provides insight into various socio- economic aspects of past societies, including diet, technology, and cultural identity. This study presents the analysis of 183 butchered animal bones recovered from the Early Bronze Age I site of Nahal Tillah, located on the northern fringe of the Negev Desert, Israel, in an effort to elucidate some of this information. The butchered assemblage is comprised primarily of domestic taxa, of varying ages, which exhibit a range of butchery-mark types that are the result of the full suite of butchering-related activities—from slaughter to toolmaking. As such, this report contributes to understanding the butchering practices and subsistence economy of early sedentary societies of the southern Levant.
Sweating the Small Stuff: Microdebris Analysis at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel
Authors: Brown Annie , Greenfield Haskel J. , Maeir Aren M.
Published: April 2022

Most modern excavations intensively collect data from flotation, including both light and heavy fractions. While the light fraction (floated) is usually extensively analyzed by archaeobotanists, the heavy fraction or microdebris is often ignored or minimally examined since it requires intensive efforts at the microscopic level to recover and identify the remains. In recent years, a few studies have demonstrated the utility of intensive examination of the microdebris from archaeological sites as a means for investigating behavior on the microscopic level. When collected systematically across surfaces, the analysis of microdebris allows for the identification of different activities and deposits that are often less visible with macroscopic remains. This paper describes the goals and collection methods for microdebris analysis and presents some preliminary analysis of the microdebris from the excavations of the Early Bronze III nonelite residential neighborhood at Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel. The results demonstrate that various types of materials are deposited differen- tially between depositional contexts. Some types of deposits yield very little microdebris (e.g., alleyways), while others are characterized by their abundance (e.g., room interiors). Consequently, the systematic collection and analysis of con- textually differentiated microdebris samples from across archaeological surfaces can help guide excavation strategies since it allows for certain deposits to be clearly targeted for intensive examination..
On the Path to the Place of Rest
Authors: Di Cerbo Cristiana , Jasnow Richard
Published: April 2022

In this volume Christina Di Cerbo and Richard Jasnow publish 92 Demotic graffiti, along with several ostraca and mummy bandages, from Theban Tombs 11, 12, Tomb-399-, and environs recorded and studied under the aegis of the Spanish Mission at Dra Abu el-Naga directed by José Galán. These texts from the mid-second century BCE were inscribed on the tomb walls by workers of the Ibis and Falcon cult, who used the New Kingdom tombs as burial places for mummified birds dedicated to the gods Thoth and Horus. This varied corpus of texts includes not only votive formulae and lists of names, but, most unusually, labels for chambers and halls to guide the men depositing the mummies through the labyrinthine catacombs. The cult workers also recorded important burials and memorialized events of special significance, as when a massive conflagration broke out that consumed several mummies and damaged the tomb walls. The Missions conservators recovered many hitherto virtually invisible graffiti. Numerous inscriptions posed daunting epigraphic challenges; the text editors employed computer applications, especially DStretch, in order to enhance the digital images forming the basis for decipherment. In an introductory chapter Galán discusses the work of the Spanish Mission at Dra Abu Naga and recounts the complicated history of this important area of the Theban Necropolis down to the Roman period. The graffiti illustrate how New Kingdom tombs were reused for the sacred animal cult in the Ptolemaic period. Francisco Bosch-Puche and Salima Ikram contribute a detailed chapter analyzing the archaeological context of the graffiti and the material evidence for the animal cult in the site. The volume, a holistic study of this area at the twilight of Pharaonic history, represents a true collaboration between archaeologists and philologists.
La formación del Archivo Municipal de Barbastro
Authors: Nasarre Rodríguez Ángel
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del siguiente estudio es el conocimiento del proceso que propició la creación de un espacio archivístico único que custodiase la documentación municipal en la ciudad de Barbastro. A mediados del siglo XIV la ciudad fue asaltada por el ejército francés quedando destruida en su mayor parte. Por ello durante el siglo XV se plantearon diferentes soluciones a la problemática de la custodia documental. Será en el siglo XVI cuando se empiecen unas obras destinadas al establecimiento de unas dependencias que den albergue a dicho repositorio, acabando de esta forma con la incertidumbre en la recuperación de los testimonios.
La belleza hecha rutina: los privilegios rodados como instrumento de comunicación de la monarquía castellana (1252-1350)
Authors: Arias Guillén Fernando
Published: April 2022

Este artículo explora el contexto de producción de los privilegios rodados entre 1252 y 1350. En este periodo, estos diplomas poseían, al mismo tiempo, un carácter excepcional y rutinario, ya que eran documentos solemnes de enorme sofisticación y belleza que se producían de manera regular en la cancillería regia castellana. Esta paradoja, junto con su capacidad para llegar a todos los confines del reino, los convertía en instrumentos de comunicación fundamentales para la monarquía castellana. A pesar de la progresiva burocratización de la cancillería regia y la producción de miles de estos diplomas, la emisión de los privilegios rodados continuó teniendo un significado especial, asociado al inicio de cada reinado y a momentos de gran significación política.
Al-Ándalus en la cultura de masas contemporánea: una aproximación al caso del videojuego
Authors: Venegas Ramos Alberto
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo deseamos abordar tres problemas: el porqué de la limitada representación de al-Ándalus en la cultura artística de masas contemporánea, y más concretamente en el medio del videojuego, el porqué de la deformación de ese mismo pasado en las escasas obras que lo representan y los problemas que ello plantea para la difusión y recepción de la historia de al-Ándalus en los nuevos medios tecnológicos. Para ofrecer las respuestas adecuadas basaremos nuestro estudio en el análisis de distintas obras que representan ese momento a través de tres marcos: la evolución del recuerdo y la memoria de al-Ándalus en distintos medios audiovisuales tanto nuevos como tradicionales, los nuevos aportes de la cultura visual para el estudio del pasado en medios audiovisuales y los propios estudios dedicados al videojuego de historia. Aunque nuestra preocupación principal será el medio del videojuego, las conclusiones y respuestas que ofrezcamos en este trabajo podrán extenderse a otros medios como el cine o la televisión.
Deudas y embargos. La otra cara de las compraventas de esclavos en la Mallorca de principios del siglo XV
Authors: Burguera Puigserver Victòria A.
Published: April 2022

El presente artículo indaga en uno de los aspectos más desconocidos de las compraventas de esclavos: la existencia de un porcentaje de operaciones fallidas, en las que las deudas de sus propietarios implicaron el embargo de bienes o incluso de los mismos esclavos, concebidos como garantías de pago. La isla de Mallorca se presenta aquí como uno de los lugares más apropiados para centrar este estudio, dada la reconocida importante presencia de esclavos en época bajomedieval y la pervivencia de fuentes de carácter judicial que permiten reseguir las órdenes de embargo. Estas informaciones, presentes entre la correspondencia del gobernador del reino, corroboran la existencia de unas operaciones que hasta el momento podían ser solo intuidas, puesto que no aparecían de forma explícita en la documentación notarial, la más usada para el estudio de las transacciones de esclavos.
El papel de la funcionalidad en la clasificación tipológica de las inscripciones: la concepción integral del monumento epigráfico. Un primer acercamiento
Authors: García Morilla Alejandro
Published: April 2022

Durante los últimos años, han proliferado de forma exponencial los estudios sobre epígrafes medievales. Son muchas las disciplinas desde las que se ha abordado su estudio: la Filología, la Historia, la Historia del Arte y, como es lógico, la propia Epigrafía medieval. El resultado ha sido muy productivo y ha permitido que la crítica epigráfica se cuestione algunos aspectos relacionados con el concepto y con el método. Una de las que más literatura está generando es la funcionalidad o finalidad de los epígrafes y desde qué perspectiva debe ser analizada esta. Del mismo modo, también se ha puesto el foco sobre la mayor o menor adecuación de clasificar las inscripciones en orden a su formulación textual y sobre si resulta necesario para un estudio integral de los epígrafes. La relación que existe entre estas dos cuestiones y sobre su interpretación dentro de las coordenadas espacio-temporales que dio origen a esas inscripciones es la piedra angular de este trabajo que presentamos y que pretende hacer una primera reflexión sobre la aplicación del método epigráfico para la clasificación tipológica de las inscripciones.
Welfare concerns associated with captive lions (Panthera leo) and the implications for commercial lion farms in South Africa
Authors: Green J , Jakins C , Asfaw E , Parker A , de Waal L , D'Cruze N
Published: April 2022

Breeding and housing wild animals in captive environments can pose challenges for their welfare. In South Africa, thousands of lions (Panthera leo) are bred and raised at commercial captive breeding facilities, so called ‘lion farms’, for use in tourism, trophy hunting and traditional medicine. To gain a better understanding of the potential welfare challenges faced by lions on farms we reviewed 91 peer-reviewed articles relating to lion welfare, identified via a systematic review of the scientific literature. Across these studies, we identified 170 different terms relating to negative behaviours and physical health afflictions. The majority of these terms were associated with disease and injury (124; 73%), followed by negative behaviours (19; 11%), negative mental experiences (15; 9%), nutritional concerns (7; 4%), and environmental challenges or discomfort arising from the animal's surroundings (5; 3%). Of the 91 articles, 32 (35%) focused on data concerning captive lions. Only two studies focused specifically on data obtained from lion farms in South Africa, whilst the remainder reported on data collected from zoos, wildlife parks, sanctuaries, game reserves and private ownership. Our preliminary review of the scientific literature draws attention to some of the challenges associated with caring for lions in captivity, and outlines the potential significance of these welfare challenges for commercial lion farms. Our data highlight the apparent lack of scientific research involving captive lion welfare generally, particularly data collected at commercial breeding facilities in South Africa and the consequences this could have for the welfare of thousands of lions within the industry.
Relationship Quality Between Stepdaughters and Stepfathers from the Children’s Perspective
Authors: Utami Jemima Christian , Lentari Fransisca Rosa Mira
Published: April 2022

Stepfather–stepdaughter relationship quality is linked to the child’s psychological well-being and stepfamily stability. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the dynamics of these relationships among sociodemographically diverse stepfamilies including families in different cultures. The aim of this research was to explore two Indonesian young women’s interpretations of the quality of their relationships with their stepfathers. The phenomenological study was conducted via interviews, and the women discussed their experiences in depth. The women’s perceptions of the quality of their connections with their stepfathers were primarily influenced by their stepfathers’ to build the relationships. The five dimensions of the theory of relationship quality were applied to assessing the women’s relationships with their stepfathers, and both women reported their relationships as largely negative, although one did have some positive memories. Suggestions are offered for future research that can expand on these findings, for instance through collecting data from all involved biological parents and stepparents.
Prevalence of Hypertension and Related Characteristics: Perspectives from an Outpatient Podiatric Medical Clinic
Authors: Cooperman Steven R. , Shofler David W. , Lemon Byron , Richardson Jordan , Sathananthan Airani
Published: April 2022

Background: Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition in the general population, conferring a high risk of significant morbidity and mortality. Associated with the condition are many well-characterized controllable and noncontrollable risk factors. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of hypertension in the outpatient podiatric medical clinic setting and to determine the relevance of hypertension risk factors in this setting.

Methods: A survey tool was created to characterize relevant risk factors, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were recorded. Descriptive statistics were generated after conclusion of enrollment. Analysis was also performed to determine the relationship between individual risk factors and systolic blood pressure.

Results: Of the 176 patients, 56 (31.8%) had an incidentally high blood pressure at intake, including 18.5% of patients without a known history of hypertension and 38.5% with a known history of hypertension. Three risk factors were found to be significantly associated with increasing systolic blood pressure: weight (P = .022), stress level (P = .017), and presence of renal artery stenosis (P = .021). There was also a near–statistically significant inverse relationship between systolic blood pressure and amount of time spent exercising (P = .068).

Conclusions: Overall, a relatively high prevalence of incidental hypertension was identified, including among patients not previously diagnosed as having hypertension. Consideration of risk factors and awareness of the prevalence of the condition can be useful for practitioners, even as they manage presenting podiatric medical concerns. Future investigations may consider interventional or preventive strategies in the outpatient clinic setting.