bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of Psychiatric Features in Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Starks Jamie , Rosenbloom Michael
Published: May 2017

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) refers to a group of neurodegenerative disorders that affects the frontotemporal cortices, resulting in progressive decline affecting cognitive and behavioral function. FTD is most commonly divided into three clinical syndromes: behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and two language variants, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia and nonfluent/agrammatic variant primary progressive aphasia. bvFTD may present with symptoms that overlap with psychiatric disorders. Treatment in FTD is symptomatic rather than disease-modifying, consisting of both nonpharmacological behavioral interventions as well as pharmacological treatments such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and neuroleptics. This review discusses a diagnostic approach to FTD followed by a review of the literature on both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for the commonly observed psychiatric symptoms in this patient population.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(5):246–257.]
Delirium Versus Dementia: A Diagnostic Conundrum in Clinical Practice
Authors: Varghese Ranji , Irfan Muna
Published: May 2017

A common requested psychiatric consultation in a hospital setting is for evaluation of an elderly patient with observed changes in cognition and/or agitation. The underlying question is often whether the case represents delirium or preexisting dementia. In cases such as these, identifying the root cause can be a diagnostic quandary in that the patient may have underlying dementia and is inherently an unreliable source. When collateral information from people familiar with the patient is limited, behavioral observations, bedside mental status examination, historical information by medical and nursing staff, and diagnostic tests can be useful. This review attempts to assist the physician in differentiating a patient with delirium from a patient with an underlying dementing process. Additionally, the article reviews the epidemiology, predisposing and precipitating factors, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of the patient who presents with observed changes in cognition and/or agitation. [

Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(5):239–245.

]
Psychiatric Disease in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Maiser Samuel , Tiryaki Ezgi
Published: May 2017

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable, and fatal neurodegenerative disease associated with average survival of 2 to 5 years. ALS is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons resulting in extremity weakness, dysarthria, dysphagia, and respiratory failure. Despite the serious nature of ALS, the mental health of patients with ALS can be relatively preserved; however, unrecognized and untreated mental illness can have a significant impact on quality of life and outcomes. Cognitive and behavioral changes can be prevalent and affect the management of patients. There are also important mental health implications for the caregiver. This article reviews the current understanding of psychiatric disease in patients with ALS. [

Psychiatr Ann
. 2017;47(5):258–262.

]
Native Oxide Growth on Silicon Micro-Pillars
Authors: Kabalan Amal
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a study on monitoring the native oxide growth on silicon micro-pillars. It also presents a comparison between the rates of oxide growth on pillars fabricated using the reactive ion etching (RIE) approach and the metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) approach. The native oxide growth is monitored using photoluminescence (PL) measurements. PL measurements showed that native silicon oxide grows at a higher rate on MACE pillars compared to RIE pillars. SEM images showed that the MACE pillars exhibit a porous outer layer while the RIE pillars show a dense outer layer. It is concluded that the porosity of the pillars enhances the native oxide growth.
Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets Fillers on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Cast Aluminum Matrix Composites
Authors: Seretis Georgios V. , Kouzilos Georgios , Polyzou Aikaterini K. , Manolakos Dimitrios E. , Provatidis Christopher G.
Published: May 2017

Recently, many studies on the production of graphite/graphene reinforced aluminum-matrix composites using different fabrication methods, such as powder or semi-powder method, have been performed. However, cast aluminum/graphite or aluminum/graphene composites have not been widely investigated and the research on this production method mainly focuses on 3D graphite particle reinforcements. In this study, the use of a 2D graphene structure, i.e. graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), in the production of cast Al/GNP composites is investigated. Graphene nanoplatelets reinforced cast aluminum matrix composites were produced using aluminum alloy as matrix material and different graphene nanoplatelets contents. Specimens were cast into a heated rectangular steel mold, the temperature of which was 100°C. All specimens underwent tensile and bending tests as well as hardness measurements and microstructural investigation. Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) was considerably increased, simultaneously with a slight decrease of elongation at break, in the case of 0.1 wt% graphene nanoplatelets addition. Regarding bending performance, a slight increase was observed as well. The flexural behavior for 0.1 wt% graphene nanoplatelets addition was exactly the same with the matrix material. The graphene nanoplatelets content found to affect both the surface and the chemical composition of the interdendritic region. After 0.1 wt%, further increase of the wt% graphene nanoplatelets content lead to formation of aluminum carbides (Al4C3) at the grain boundaries, with a consequent drop on the mechanical performance of the Al/GNPs composite.
Presentación
Authors: Puchades Pla Rosa
Published: May 2017

Presentación del pimer número de la revista Ciencia, Técnica y Mainstreaming Social (CITECMA).
El uso creativo en diseño a través de códigos en silencio; el braille como ejemplo
Authors: Torres Cantón Sonia
Published: May 2017

Este artículo presenta un breve análisis descriptivo de algunos proyectos relevantes donde se utiliza el braille entendido desde un concepto metafórico de silencio visual, como una mirada capaz de ver a través de otros sentidos. El trabajo muestra una selección de libros ilustrados y obras táctiles con el objetivo de ofrecer el encuentro inclusivo entre vidente e invidente. Estamos acostumbrados siempre a una lectura visual, pero ¿y si utilizásemos las manos y otros sentidos? Nuestra motivación es contribuir hacia nuevas áreas en un interés por resaltar la necesidad de un mundo tangible, una nueva forma de imaginar y mirar la realidad. Finalmente, el texto plantea un punto de reflexión al avance tecnológico como nueva frontera de accesibilidad, observamos desarrollos importantes que permiten construir la comunicación gráfica proponiendo experiencias sensoriales y momentos de interacción.
Imágenes para el cambio
Authors: Heras David
Published: May 2017

Eitorial número 5. Gráfica social
Risactivismo y resistencia gráfica UMF vs. CANVAS
Authors: Díaz Sonia , Martínez Gabriel
Published: May 2017

Transcripción de una entrevista imaginaria realizada por Un Mundo Feliz a Srdja Popovic, activista y director de CANVAS (Centro para la Aplicación de Acciones Estratégicas de No Violencia). El texto está compuesto íntegramente con citas entresacadas del libro "Cómo hacer la revolución. Instrucciones para cambiar el mundo" escrito por Srdja Popovic con la colaboración de Matthew Miller y editado en 2015 por Malpaso.
Compromiso gráfico
Authors: EME Revista
Published: May 2017

Proyectos de diseñadores e ilustradores comprometidos socialmente.

Caroline Selmes
Cristina Bonora
Mikel Casal
Patricia Bolinches
Nacho Clemente
Cita con... Beehive Collective y Projecte Úter. Dos ejemplos de gráfica política frente a la hegomonía cultural
Authors: Taño Elías
Published: May 2017

En el ámbito gráfico contemporáneo, existe una serie de proyectos muy interesantes, en los que varios colectivos y grafistas ponen de manifiesto nuevas formas de visibilizar problemas que no lo son tanto. Es el caso de Beehive Collective, ubicado en Machias, estado de Maine (Estados Unidos). Una organización artística sin ánimo de lucro, conducida al 100% por voluntarios, que usa el arte gráfico como herramienta educativa a la hora de comunicar historias de resistencia ante la globalización corporativa. Otro proyecto que replica este espíritu es Projecte Úter, ubicado en mallorca.
Endometrial Receptivity and Scoring for Prediction of Implantation and Newer Markers
Authors: Malhotra Narendra , Singh Amreen , Gupta Pallavi
Published: May 2017

How to cite this article

Malhotra N, Malhotra J, Singh A, Gupta P, Malhotra N. Endometrial Receptivity and Scoring for Prediction of Implantation and Newer Markers. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):143-154.
Liquid-based Cytology vs Conventional Cytology as a Screening Tool for Cervical Cancer in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Singh Uma , Singh Nisha , Qureshi Sabuhi , Foruin Sakshi , Negi Neha , Agarwal Gargi
Published: May 2017

Aim

To evaluate and compare the efficacy of liquid-based cytology (LBC) with conventional cytology (CS) as a screening tool for cervical cancer in postmenopausal women.

Materials and methods

This was an observational crosssectional study conducted over one year. Subjects were recruited from patients attending the outpatient department of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Pap smear and LBC were taken in all subjects. In cases with suspected lesions, the discrepancy between Pap smear and LBC and colposcopy was found.

Results

Pap smear reported 14.3% inadequate smears in women with postmenopausal changes and 5% inadequate smears in women without postmenopausal changes. In contrast, LBC reported no inadequate smear. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.011). Cervical neoplasia was ruled out in 53.6% cases by Pap smear and 75.8% cases by LBC. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.002).

Conclusion

Liquid-based cytology offers better results in detecting cervical pathology when compared with Pap smear. Liquid-based cytology could be better as a screening method, especially in postmenopausal women in which the screening is challenging due to menopause-induced anatomical and hormonal changes.

Clinical significance

Cervical cancer is the most common genital cancer among Indian women. Postmenopausal women are at higher risk for developing cervical cancer. Low estrogenic state poses a challenge for detection of cervical cancer by CS in postmenopausal women. We investigated LBC as a better cervical cancer screening tool in this age group.

How to cite this article

Qureshi S, Singh U, Foruin S, Negi N, Agarwal G, Singh N. Liquid-based Cytology vs Conventional Cytology as a Screening Tool for Cervical Cancer in Postmenopausal Women. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):159-163.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Care Health Center of North India
Authors: Rani Rekha , Nigam Asha
Published: May 2017

Objective

To establish the rate of seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among pregnant women in tertiary care health centre of North India.

Materials and methods

We included 2058 antenatal women attending the antenatal opd in our hospital S.N. Medical college Agra from January 2015 to 2016. All pregnant women attending antenatal OPD at their first antenatal visit were screened for HBsAg and verbally informed regarding study.

Results

A total of 42 women had positive HBsAg results. The mean age was 25.7 years, average parity of 2.3. All the 42 women positive for HBsAg were advised for HBeAg testing. And among these four were tested positive for HBeAg. There were no statistically signi ficant association between sociodemographic characterstics evaluated age, gravidity, marital status and educational level and HBsAg status. In our study out of 42 HBsAg positive women two were found to be equally infected with HIV this implies the coinfection rate in our study was 0.09%. The association between HIV and HBsAg was not statistically significant in our study.

Conclusion

Hepatits B remains a significant health problem in India. Programmes for prevention and control of hepatitis B should represents a priority for the government and health services in India. The first step in tackling the HBV disease burden in India is to have a more accurate assessment of the burden of the disease. This is possible with multicentric population based studies.

How to cite this article

Garg R, Nigam A, Singh S, Singh R, Singh S, Rani R. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Care Health Center of North India. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):164-168.
Birth Weight for Gestational Age Centile Charts for Low-risk Population of Islamabad Capital Territory: A Hospital-based Study and Cross-country Comparison
Authors: Tasnim Nasira , Hanif Ayesha , Aziz Hadia
Published: May 2017

Objective

To establish birth weight percentile charts for gestational age based on prospectively collected data for Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) urban/rural low-risk population presenting at Mother and Child Health (MCH) Center, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan, and crosscountry comparison.

Place and duration of study

The study was conducted for a period of 6 months (January 2014—June 2014) at MCH Center Unit II, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (SZABMU-PIMS), Islamabad, Pakistan.

Study design

Comparative cross-sectional study.

Materials and methods

Data of low-risk women from ICT urban/rural population presenting at MCH Center, PIMS were prospectively maintained, entered in Excel sheet, and later analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21. The confounding factors that affect the fetal growth including gestational diabetes, hypertension, history of intrauterine growth restriction, and medical disorders were excluded. The 5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 95th centile birth weight charts were calculated for gestational age between 32 and 41 weeks and were compared with those of other countries. The gestational age was calculated by clinical obstetrician or estimates by early ultrasound if available.

Results

A total of 1,744 singleton live births were analyzed. The birth weights at 5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 95th centile were calculated at 32 to 41 weeks of gestation. Cross-country comparison of birth weight at 50th centile of ICT population is comparable with other countries till 37 weeks and lower after 37 weeks, except Indian population. The birth weight at 90th centile at all gestations (32—41 weeks) was comparable with other populations. However, the birth weight at 10th centile for ICT population is far below than the other countries except Indian population.

Conclusion

The updated birth weight for gestational age centile charts may be utilized as reference charts for ICT population and may be extrapolated to Pakistani population until the availability of national database.

How to cite this article

Tasnim N, Hanif A, Aziz H. Birth Weight for Gestational Age Centile Charts for Low-risk Population of Islamabad Capital Territory: A Hospital-based Study and Cross-country Comparison. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):169-172.
Is Body Weight a Telltale of Preeclampsia?
Authors: Kumari Neha , Dash Kusum , Singh Roopam
Published: May 2017

Introduction

Increased body weight is a major epidemic for a developed country, and is also expanding to developing countries. It is measured as the body mass index (BMI). Control of body weight gain, where weight gain in adequate proportion is indicated, is a major challenge before, during, and after pregnancy.

Aim

To find out whether the increased value of BMI as measured at 20 to 24 weeks of gestation can be used to predict the development of preeclampsia.

Objective

To study the role of increased value of BMI in development of preeclampsia in normal pregnancies.

Materials and methods

A case—control retrospective study was conducted on pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic of Bokaro General Hospital, Jharkhand, India. About 220 pregnant women, who attended the antenatal clinic, in 20 to 24 weeks of gestation, were included after proper written consent for study.

Results

About 220 patients were included in our study, who attended the antenatal clinic between 20th and 24th weeks of pregnancy. In our study, the maximum proportion of participants’ BMI ranges between 22 to 24 and 24 to 26 kg/m2. In our study, we found with increase of BMI value, the percentage of preeclampsia development increases.

Conclusion

In view of our results, counseling about body weight and its management should be known to the women before, during, and after pregnancy.

How to cite this article

Kumari N, Dash K, Singh R. Is Body Weight a Telltale of Preeclampsia? J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):179-181.
Successful Percutaneous Mitral Valve Balloon Valvuloplasty during Third Trimester
Authors: Sree G Sindhu , Shivanagappa Mamatha , Manoli Nandish
Published: May 2017

Rheumatic mitral stenosis is the most common acquired valvular lesion in pregnant women. The overall mortality is 1%, but can go up to 5% in those patients with New York Heart Association class III and IV symptoms. Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV) is the procedure of choice in the treatment of rheumatic mitral stenosis. The PMBV is usually done in the first or second trimester, but in the third trimester, PMBV is a less common procedure. A 24-year-old gravida 2 para 1 living 1 with 35 weeks of gestation with previous lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) presented with breathlessness and swelling of lower limbs. Evaluation revealed rheumatic mitral stenosis of moderate severity with moderate mitral regurgitation with cardiac failure. Hence, PMBV was done, which resulted in increase of mitral valve area from 0.6 to 1.7 cm2. She had marked symptomatic improvement, and cesarean section was done at 36 weeks 5 days for previous LSCS with preterm premature rupture of membranes. The postoperative period was uneventful. Our report reinforces the fact that third trimester PMBV is safe and effective during pregnancy with no untoward effect on the fetus.

How to cite this article

Shivanagappa M, Sree GS, Roy P, Manoli N. Successful Percutaneous Mitral Valve Balloon Valvuloplasty during Third Trimester. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):182-184.
Conservative Management of 12 Weeks Cervical Pregnancy following in vitro Fertilization
Authors: Shah PK , Chaudhari Hemangi K , Mantri Neelima , D'souza Natasha
Published: May 2017

A 30-year-old, third gravid with two previous abortions, with in vitro fertilization conception with 11 weeks and 6 days of gestation, came with complaints of mild bleeding per vaginum. Ultrasonography revealed a live pregnancy in the cervical canal corresponding to 12 weeks of gestation. Single dose of intramuscular methotrexate 1 mg/kg was given. Three days postmedical management, transvaginal ultrasound-guided intracardiac instillation of potassium chloride 1.5 mL was carried out. Injection methotrexate, 4 mL, was instilled in the amniotic cavity. On day 5 postprocedure, patient had a bout of severe vaginal bleeding for which emergency vaginal exploration was carried out. Products of conception were suctioned out and placenta was removed. Hemostatic cervical vascular sutures were taken on either side to occlude the descending branch of cervical artery. A Foley catheter (18F) was inserted in the cervical canal and distended with 60 mL of normal saline, thereby compressing the placental bed from within the cervical canal. Hemostasis was achieved and maintained.

How to cite this article

Shah PK, Chaudhari HK, Mantri N, D'souza N. Conservative Management of 12 Weeks Cervical Pregnancy following in vitro Fertilization. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):185-189.
Survey of Glycemic Control Protocols in Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Units
Authors: Badge Vaishali S , Ashiqe FM
Published: May 2017

Perioperative Hyperglycaemia can lead to sepsis, mediastinitis, prolonged mechanical ventilation, cardiac arrhythmias, increased ICU and hospital stay. The different centres follow different protocols to treat hyperglycaemia and still there is a controversy regarding the tight sugar control protocol. This survey was carried out to find the appropriate protocol regarding glycaemic control in various centres in UK.

How to cite this article

Badge VS, Ashiqe FM. Survey of Glycemic Control Protocols in Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Units. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(1):24-25.
Transfusion Requirements in Anemic Patients undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Badge Vaishali S , Skinner Henry
Published: May 2017

Cardiac surgery is one of the largest consumer of blood and blood products in medicine. The transfusion rate in cardiac surgery accounts to almost 40-90%. Although lifesaving, it still increases the risk of allergic reactions, risk of transmission of infection, increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to find out causes of anaemia and requirement of blood or blood products in cardiac surgical patients.

How to cite this article

Badge VS, Skinner H. Transfusion Requirements in Anemic Patients undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(1):26-27.
Identifying the Spatial Distribution of Dental Outreach Program in London, Ontario
Authors: Kalman Les
Published: May 2017

The impact of oral health on total health and personal well-being has been well documented. Unfortunately, many individuals suffer from the effects of poor oral health and cannot seek dental care due to financial limitations. The Dental Outreach Community Service (DOCS) program at the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry at Western University, functions to provide free dentistry to those individuals within an educational context. This report looks at the spatial distribution of family income and the spatial representation of the DOCS program in London, Ontario, between 2008 and 2015. A DOCS spatial distribution map has been generated to illustrate the association.

How to cite this article

Kalman L. Identifying the Spatial Distribution of Dental Outreach Program in London, Ontario. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(1):1-4.
Prevalence of Maxillofacial Fractures in Southern Provinces of India
Authors: Shankar VN , LNU Ashwini
Published: May 2017

Objective

The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of maxillofacial fractures in southern provinces of India.

Materials and methods

Data of a total of 2,037 patients were analyzed retrospectively over a period of 3 years, i.e., from 2010 to 2013, from various maxillofacial trauma centers of Karnataka, India.

Results

Study revealed that the maxillofacial fractures had male (87.5%) preponderance and its peak incidence was during 20 to 30 years of age. Isolated mandibular fractures were the most common type of fractures with 1,035 patients (50.81%), followed by isolated midface fractures in 526 patients (25.82%). Among midface fractures, zygomatic bone and arch were most frequently involved.

Conclusion

Mandible was the frequent site involved. Among maxillary fractures, zygomatic bone and arch were more often involved.

How to cite this article

Shankar VN, Ashwini. Prevalence of Maxillofacial Fractures in Southern Provinces of India. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(1):5-7.
An island in the stratosphere – On the enhanced annual variation of water vapour in the middle and upper stratosphere in the southern tropics and subtropics
Authors: Lossow Stefan , Garny Hella , Jöckel Patrick
Published: May 2017

Abstract. The annual variation of water vapour exhibits a distinct isolated maximum in the middle and upper stratosphere in the southern tropics and subtropics, peaking typically around 15° S in latitude and close to 3 hPa (~ 40.5 km) in altitude. This enhanced annual variation is primarily related to the Brewer–Dobson circulation and hence also visible in other trace gases. So far this feature has not gained much attention in the literature and the present work aims to add more prominence. Using Envisat/MIPAS (Environmental Satellite/Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) observations and ECHAM/MESSy (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Hamburg/Modular Earth Submodel System) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) simulations we provide a dedicated illustration and a full account for the reasons of this enhanced annual variation.
Self-similar growth of a bimodal laboratory fan
Authors: Delorme Pauline , Voller Vaughan , Paola Chris , Devauchelle Olivier , Lajeunesse Éric , Barrier Laurie , Métivier François
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Using laboratory experiments, we investigate the growth of an alluvial fan fed with two distinct granular materials. Throughout the growth of the fan, its surface maintains a radial segregation, with the less mobile sediment concentrated near the apex. Scanning the fan surface with a laser, we find that the transition between the proximal and distal deposits coincides with a distinct slope break. A radial cross section reveals that the stratigraphy records the signal of this segregation. To interpret these observations, we conceptualize the fan as a radially symmetric structure that maintains its geometry as it grows. When combined with slope measurements, this model proves consistent with the sediment mass balance and successfully predicts the slope of the proximal–distal transition as preserved in the fan stratigraphy. While the threshold-channel theory provides an order-of-magnitude estimate of the fan slopes, driven by the relatively high sediment discharge in our experimental system, the actual observed slopes are 3–5 times higher than those predicted by this theory.
Dynamics of water fluxes and storages in an Alpine karst catchment under current and potential future climate conditions
Authors: Chen Zhao , Hartmann Andreas , Wagener Thorsten , Goldscheider Nico
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Climate change projections indicate significant changes to precipitation and temperature regimes in European karst regions. Alpine karst systems can be especially vulnerable under changing hydro-meteorological conditions since snowmelt in mountainous environments is an important controlling process for aquifer recharge, and is highly sensitive to varying climatic conditions. The current study presents an investigation of present and future water fluxes and storages at an Alpine karst catchment using a distributed numerical model. A delta approach combined with random sampling was used to assess the potential impacts of climate changes. The study site is characterized by high permeability (karstified) limestone formations and low permeability (non-karst) sedimentary flysch. The model simulation under current conditions demonstrates that a large proportion of precipitation infiltrates into the karst aquifer as autogenic recharge. Surface runoff in the adjacent non-karst areas partly infiltrates into the karst aquifer as allogenic point recharge. Moreover, the result shows that surface snow storage is dominant from November to April, while subsurface water storage in the karst aquifer dominates from May to October. The climate scenario runs demonstrate that varied climate conditions significantly affect the spatiotemporal distribution of water fluxes and storages: (1) the total catchment discharge decreases under all evaluated future climate conditions. (2) The spatiotemporal discharge pattern is strongly controlled by temperature variations, which can shift the seasonal snowmelt pattern, with snow storage in the cold season (December to April) decreasing significantly under all change scenarios. (3) Increased karst aquifer recharge in winter and spring, and decreased recharge in summer and autumn, partly offset each other. (4) Impacts on the karst springs are distinct; the permanent spring presents a robust discharge behavior, while the estavelle is highly sensitive to changing climate. This analysis effectively demonstrates that the impacts on subsurface flow dynamics are regulated by the characteristic dual flow and spatially heterogeneous distributed drainage structure of the karst aquifer. Overall, our study suggests that bespoke hydrological models tailored to the specific subsurface characteristics of an Alpine karst catchment are needed to understand climate change impact.
Future extreme precipitation intensities based on historic events
Authors: Manola Iris , van den Hurk Bart , De Moel Hans , Aerts Jeroen
Published: May 2017

Abstract. In a warmer climate, it is expected that precipitation intensities will increase, and form a considerable risk of high impact of precipitation extremes. This study applies three methods to transform a historic extreme precipitation event in the Netherlands to a similar event in a future warmer climate, thus compiling a future weather scenario. The first method uses an observation-based non-linear relation between the hourly observed summer precipitation and the antecedent dew-point temperature (the Pi-Td relation). The second method simulates the same event by using the convective-permitting NWP model Harmonie, for both present day and future warm conditions. The third method is similar to the first method, but applies a simple linear delta transformation to the historic data by using indicators from The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) '14 climate scenarios. A comparison of the three methods shows comparable intensity changes, ranging from below the Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) scaling to a 3 times CC increase per degree of warming. In the NWP model, the position of the events is somewhat different, due to small wind and convection changes, the intensity changes somewhat differ with time, but the total spatial area covered by heavy precipitation does not change with the temperature increase. The Pi-Td method is simple and time-efficient, compared to numerical models. The outcome can be used directly for hydrological and climatological studies, and for impact analysis, such as flood-risk assessments.
Fractal analysis of urban catchments and their representation in semi-distributed models: imperviousness and sewer system
Authors: Gires Auguste , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia , Schertzer Daniel , Ochoa-Rodriguez Susana , Willems Patrick , Ichiba Abdellah , Wang Li-Pen , Pina Rui , Van Assel Johan , Bruni Guendalina , Murla Tuyls Damian , ten Veldhuis Marie-Claire
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Fractal analysis relies on scale invariance and the concept of fractal dimension enables one to characterize and quantify the space filled by a geometrical set exhibiting complex and tortuous patterns. Fractal tools have been widely used in hydrology but seldom in the specific context of urban hydrology. In this paper, fractal tools are used to analyse surface and sewer data from 10 urban or peri-urban catchments located in five European countries. The aim was to characterize urban catchment properties accounting for the complexity and inhomogeneity typical of urban water systems. Sewer system density and imperviousness (roads or buildings), represented in rasterized maps of 2 m  ×  2 m pixels, were analysed to quantify their fractal dimension, characteristic of scaling invariance. The results showed that both sewer density and imperviousness exhibit scale-invariant features and can be characterized with the help of fractal dimensions ranging from 1.6 to 2, depending on the catchment. In a given area consistent results were found for the two geometrical features, yielding a robust and innovative way of quantifying the level of urbanization. The representation of imperviousness in operational semi-distributed hydrological models for these catchments was also investigated by computing fractal dimensions of the geometrical sets made up of the sub-catchments with coefficients of imperviousness greater than a range of thresholds. It enables one to quantify how well spatial structures of imperviousness were represented in the urban hydrological models.
Quantitative, time-resolved detection of CH4 concentrations in flows for injection analysis in CNG engines using IR absorption
Authors: Bauke Stephan , Golibrzuch Kai , Rotter Frank , Wackerbarth Hainer , Thiele Olaf , Berg Thomas
Published: May 2017

Abstract. The reduction of CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions is an important driving force for the development of modern engines. Especially in the transport sector, the use of alternative fuels like methane, the main component of compressed natural gas (CNG), is an applied measure to achieve this goal. This work describes the development of an optical measurement system for accurate quantification of CH4 densities in gas flows based on broadband absorption of infrared light, i.e. non-dispersive IR absorption spectroscopy (NDIR). We demonstrate the capability of the system to achieve high time resolution as well as high measurement accuracy and precision. The optical set-up of the system is designed for usage at the inlet manifold of CNG-fuelled spark ignition engines. It allows for detailed analysis of the mixture formation during single engine cycles. CH4 densities can be determined by monitoring the infrared light attenuation around 3.3 µm caused by the ν3 anti-symmetric C–H-stretch vibration. We calculate the nonlinear relation between transmittance and CH4 density from absorption cross sections calculated from the HITRAN database. The theoretical transmittance signals are corrected for spectral influences of the bandpass filter, the detector sensitivity, the fibre transmittance and the emission spectrum of the light source in order to calculate CH4 densities directly from the measured transmittance. A calibration function corrects remaining differences between experimental and simulated values and improves the accuracy. We show that the sensor system is capable for determination of air–fuel ratios (λ-values) and demonstrate the dynamic quantification of a CH4 injection into a flow channel under various flow conditions. Furthermore, we present the first measurements with a prototype probe capable of measurements inside the inlet manifold of a four-stroke spark ignition engine. We validate the detection strategy in experiments with premixed gases using a modified inlet geometry and demonstrate its application under standard engine operation with port fuel injection while varying the injection parameters.
A multi-centennial record of past floods and earthquakes in Valle d'Aosta, Mediterranean Italian Alps
Authors: Wilhelm Bruno , Vogel Hendrik , Anselmetti Flavio S.
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Mediterranean Alpine populations are particularly exposed to natural hazards like floods and earthquakes because of both the close Mediterranean humidity source and the seismically active Alpine region. Knowledge of long-term variability in flood and earthquake occurrences is of high value since it can be useful to improve risk assessment and mitigation. In this context, we explore the potential of a lake-sediment sequence from Lago Inferiore de Laures in Valle d'Aosta (Northern Italy) as a long-term record of past floods and earthquakes. The high-resolution sedimentological study revealed 76 event layers over the last ca. 270 years; 8 are interpreted as most probably induced by earthquakes and 68 by flood events. Comparison to historical seismic data suggests that the recorded earthquakes are strong (epicentral Medvedev–Sponheuer–Kárník (MSK) intensity of VI–IX) and/or close to the lake (distance of 25–120 km). Compared to other lake-sediment sequences, Lago Inferiore de Laures sediments appear to be regionally the most sensitive to earthquake shaking, offering a great potential to reconstruct the past regional seismicity further back in time. Comparison to historical and palaeoflood records suggests that the flood signal reconstructed from Lago Inferiore de Laures sediments represents the regional and (multi-)decadal variability of summer–autumn floods well, in connection to Mediterranean mesoscale precipitation events. Overall, our results reveal the high potential of Lago Inferiore de Laures sediments to extend the regional earthquake and flood catalogues far back in time.
Field test of wake steering at an offshore wind farm
Authors: Fleming Paul , Annoni Jennifer , Shah Jigar J. , Wang Linpeng , Ananthan Shreyas , Zhang Zhijun , Hutchings Kyle , Wang Peng , Chen Weiguo , Chen Lin
Published: May 2017

Abstract. In this paper, a field test of wake-steering control is presented. The field test is the result of a collaboration between the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and Envision Energy, a smart energy management company and turbine manufacturer. In the campaign, an array of turbines within an operating commercial offshore wind farm in China have the normal yaw controller modified to implement wake steering according to a yaw control strategy. The strategy was designed using NREL wind farm models, including a computational fluid dynamics model, Simulator fOr Wind Farm Applications (SOWFA), for understanding wake dynamics and an engineering model, FLOw Redirection and Induction in Steady State (FLORIS), for yaw control optimization. Results indicate that, within the certainty afforded by the data, the wake-steering controller was successful in increasing power capture, by amounts similar to those predicted from the models.
Cell Site Simulators: A Call for More Protective Federal Legislation
Authors: DeGeer Laura
Published: May 2017

It is unquestioned that many American citizens place great value on maintaining privacy from the spying eyes of government. After the 2013 leak of classified NSA information by CIA employee Edward Snowden, there has been a continuous conversation regarding the protection of technological privacy—the personal information that we store on our desktops, laptops, tablets, and phones. Of these technologies, cell phones are possibly the most central to our everyday lives. We carry our phones nearly everywhere with us, usually clenched tightly in our palms. They contain our personal and work emails, text messages with loved ones, catalogs of pictures documenting the recent months and years of our lives, our banking information, and secrets that may be too private to keep where others may stumble upon them. The American government and state officials are utilizing a newly developed device that directly affects this cellular privacy. These devices are called cell site simulators. With cell site simulators, officials are able to mimic cell towers and collect cellular data from any and all phones within a given geographic area. This information enables officials to pinpoint where a certain cell phone is located, and they are then able to use that information in a variety of different ways. The devices can be effective in narcotics investigations, tracking avalanche and kidnapping victims, as well as in other non-criminal investigations. The most obvious benefit of cell site simulators is large-scale crime reduction, but at what cost? The device is relatively new, so few states have developed legislation concerning its use, and Congress has not codified any guiding acts. There have been several Supreme Court decisions concerning personal privacy and its relation to physical searches of cell phones and the data contained therein, as well as the use of technological surveillance in constitutionally protected areas. However, there is yet to be a decision concerning the constitutionality of searches using cell site simulators. It is imperative that Congress draft a clear, in-depth bill enumerating when, how, and by whom a cell site simulator may be used. When drafting the bill, several considerations must be taken into account, including Supreme Court jurisprudence concerning Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures and the current status of legislation in each state of the United States. These considerations are addressed and discussed in turn.
Building Bridges Between the Civil Rights Movements of People with Disabilities and Those with Terminal Illness
Authors: Tucker Kathryn L.
Published: May 2017

The movement for disability rights in the United States is grounded on a bedrock commitment to empowering the individual with autonomy and independence. Despite this foundation, a sharp line has been drawn by much of the disability advocacy community when it comes to the autonomy of a mentally competent terminally ill patient to choose a more peaceful death through aid in dying. This exercise of autonomy has largely been opposed by the disability advocacy community. This Article proposes that given the common principles shared by these two social justice movements and evidence from two decades of open practice in the United States that shows that no risk arises for people with disabilities when aid in dying is available, it is time for the disability advocacy community to reexamine and evolve its position on aid in dying. This evolution has the potential to benefit both advocacy communities.Part I discusses the principles common to the movements for disability rights and end-of-life liberty, demonstrating how they are virtually identical. Part II reviews arguments advanced by proponents of end-of-life liberty in favor of empowering terminally ill patients with more options, specifically including aid in dying, and those advanced by disability rights advocates against this position. In Part III, the data from nearly twenty years of openly practiced aid in dying in the United States is reviewed. Particular focus is given to how data regarding this practice relates to persons with disabilities. Finally, Part IV suggests that it is timely and strategic for the disability advocacy community to reconsider its opposition to aid in dying, and it sets forth indicators that such reconsideration is emerging.
Asesinato premeditado de Slobodan Selenic: una mirada sobre la guerra en Yougoslavia
Authors: ApIc Mina
Published: May 2017

En Un asesinato premeditado de Slobodan Selenic todo idealismo está puesto bajo sospecha. El mundo burgués, con sus normas, valores, códigos y conveniencias se rompe en pedazos bajo las botas de los coroneles comunistas vencedores de la guerra. Selenic contrapone dos guerras: la de Yugoslavia y la Segunda Guerra Mundial, por boca de un viejo burgués, que ayuda a la heroína a escribir la vida intima de su abuela, y sus dos amores, símbolos del comunismo y de la burguesía culta de Belgrado. Él examina las ventajas y los abusos, pero se distancia nítidamente de una visión idealista tanto por lo que se refiere a la lucha contra el nazismo en la Segunda Guerra Mundial, como al establecimiento de un mundo más igualitario, más adecuado a las necesidades autenticas del ser humano, representado por el estado comunista, instaurado inmediatamente después de la contienda.
William Faulkner: La guerra es un negocio
Authors: Arroyo Fernández Alejandro
Published: May 2017

El condado de yoknapatawpha muestra el desarrollo de Estados Unidos desde un sistema tradicional de estructura patriarcal relacionado con el entorno natural y rural, a una sociedad contemporánea desarrollada en el ámbito socio-económico cercana al capitalismo. El contexto histórico y el marco socio-económico son elementos compositivos básicos en la literatura faulkneriana. Los efectos y consecuencias de la Guerra de Secesión y la Primera y la Segunda Guerra Mundial resultan fundamentales para establecer un paralelismo entre la evolución de la comunidad sureña y la nación americana. William Faulkner crea un microcosmos representativo de la historia americana.
Lo cuqui va a la guerra: estrategias de comunicación probélicas en videojuegos japonesesLo cuqui va a la guerra: estrategias de comunicación probélicas en videojuegos japoneses
Authors: Galván Jerez Enrique
Published: May 2017

al igual que las películas o la literatura, los videojuegos también pueden expresar una visión positiva de la guerra. Por ejemplo, son parte de la propaganda de ejércitos, como el de EE.UU., o de grupos terroristas, como Hizbolá. En el caso de los videojuegos japoneses, estos son interesantes por sus estrategias comunicativas inusuales dentro de un país que fomenta la cultura antibélica. Este artículo investiga cuáles son estas estrategias retóricas en dos videojuegos: Squishy Tank (2010), de Success, y Valkyria Chronicles (2008), de Sega. Para ello, se aplicarán los conceptos estéticos japoneses del kawaii, lo adorable, y el moe, la identificación y el fetichismo con un personaje ficticio.
Réquiem por Istria: la pérdida de la Italia balcánica en la obra de Fulvio Tomizza
Authors: Gómez Martínez MaiRoberto
Published: May 2017

Una de las muchas consecuencias de la II Guerra Mundial fue el trazado de nuevas fronteras. así, numerosos territorios pasaron a formar parte de otros estados. Es el caso de la península de Istria que, siendo italiana desde el final del primer contingente, pasó a Yugoslavia en 1954. Por este motivo, los cientos de miles de italianos que allí vivían tuvieron que elegir entre el exilio en Trieste o vivir bajo el nuevo régimen comunista del mariscal Tito como una minoría étnica. Este panorama político-social es el que retrata Fulvio Tomizza, cuya obra es un réquiem por la tierra perdida.
columbus de Werner Egk: una ópera sobre Cristóbal Colón en la Alemania nazi
Authors: GutIérrez Meza José Elías
Published: May 2017

Columbus, primera ópera del músico alemán Werner Egk (1901-1983), fue compuesta como ópera radiofónica. Su primera transmisión se realizó en 1933, poco tiempo después del nombramiento de Adolf Hitler como canciller de Alemania, y fue duramente criticada. Sin embargo, un año después se presentó como concierto en Múnich y en 1941 se estrenó una versión para escenario en la Ópera de Fráncfort. Incluso se representó tras la caída del régimen nazi y el compositor preparó una tercera versión en 1951. En este trabajo se estudia cómo esta ópera, ajena e inclusive contraria a los principios ideológicos del nazismo, consiguió insertarse dentro de su cultura oficial.
El regreso de la Segunda Guerra Mundial ‘In Our Time’: post-memoria, historia y narración en The Soldier’s return y Son of War de Melvyn Bragg
Authors: Howes Christina
Published: May 2017

This paper examines how Melvyn Bragg, British journalist, broadcaster and writer, portrays the aftermath of World War Two on family and community in The Soldier’s Return (1999) and Son of War (2001). I contend that Bragg’s apparently simplistic and minimalist style approximates what Michael Rothberg (2000) terms as traumatic realism. By blending the ordinary and the domestic with the extraordinary, he manages to evoke a meaningful absence and traumatic undertones at the same time as resonating with historical ‘truth’. Thus, I conclude that through the tension between an outer naivety and underlying disturbances, Bragg’s post-memorial discourse achieves a public disclosure which hitherto remained, primarily, in the intimate realm of postwar family life.
La poesía como lección de historia, Matei Vişniec, «En la mesa con Marx» («La masă cu Marx»)La poesía como lección de historia, Matei Vişniec, «En la mesa con Marx» («La masă cu Marx»)
Authors: Lambru Angelica
Published: May 2017

Tras una sucinta presentación de las principales coordenadas del exilio literario rumano, el artículo se propone revelar algunos aspectos de la originalidad poética de Matei Vişniec, escritor rumano de expresión francesa, que se define como un «exiliado afortunado». El poema propuesto, «En la mesa con Marx» («La masă cu Marx»), representa el eje del libro con el mismo título, publicado en Rumanía, en 2011. Su lectura explícitamente política lo conecta con otro texto que circuló como manifiesto anti-comunista en los años previos a la caída del régimen comunista, el poema titulado «El velero» («Corabia»). Parábola de la complicidad y de la culpa colectiva, «En la mesa con Marx» es una poética lección de historia sobre elecciones sociales erradas, con desenlaces fatales para la humanidad.