bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Boronizing Treatment on Fe–Mn–Al–Si–C Steel
Authors: Casteletti L. C. , Takeya G. S. , Neto A. L. , Picon C. A. , Totten G. E.
Published: February 2016

Austenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Si–C steel provides excellent cold formability and lower density compared to conventional stainless steels. These steels owe their corrosion and oxidation resistance to their aluminum and silicon contents, and the stability of their gamma phase is due to manganese and carbon alloying elements. The production of a boride layer with high hardness can significantly increase its surface hardness and consequently its wear resistance. In this work, Fe–31Mn–7.5Al–1.3Si–0.9C steel samples were subjected to a boriding treatment for 4 h at 900°C. The composition of the bath was 90 % borax and 10 % aluminum. Boride layers with high hardness levels were obtained (1900 HV). There was also a marked increase in wear resistance of the material.
Images at Work
Authors: Baader Hannah , Weinryb Ittai
Published: February 2016

In recent years the field of art history has seen a shift in the historical understanding of the material object, drawing further attention to historical experience and potential historical efficacy as a means of historical interpretation. Anthropologists and art historians alike have established viable interpretive schemes for the exploration of material objects. This essay outlines the various problems encountered in articulating notions about the historical efficacy of an object.
Image, Object, Art
Authors: Wolf Gerhard
Published: February 2016

Through “conversation” with a more than four thousand-year-old Chinese vessel, this essay engages with some of the fundamental principles of the discipline of art history espoused in recent decades. In particular, it situates Bildwissenschaft and thing theory and the material turn within ongoing debates on art and artifacts and delineates a more fluid approach to the study of image, object, art (Bild, Ding, Kunst).
Sfrp5 mediates glucose-induced proliferation in rat pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Guan Binbin , Li Wenyi , Li Fengying , Xie Yun , Ni Qicheng , Gu Yanyun , Li Xiaoying , Wang Qidi , Zhang Hongli , Ning Guang
Published: February 2016

The cellular and molecular mechanisms of glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation are poorly understood. Recently, secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (encoded by Sfrp5; a Wnt signaling inhibitor) has been demonstrated to be involved in β-cell proliferation in obesity. A previous study demonstrated that glucose enhanced Wnt signaling to promote cell proliferation. We hypothesized that inhibition of SFRP5 contributes to glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation. In this study, we found that the Sfrp5 level was significantly reduced in high glucose-treated INS-1 cells, primary rat β-cells, and islets isolated from glucose-infused rats. Overexpression of SFRP5 diminished glucose-stimulated proliferation in both INS-1 cells and primary β-cells, with a concomitant inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway and decreased cyclin D2 expression. In addition, we showed that glucose-induced Sfrp5 suppression was modulated by the PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, we conclude that glucose inhibits Sfrp5 expression via the PI3K/AKT pathway and hence promotes rat pancreatic β-cell proliferation.
María, la mujer (¿la diosa?) que consuela
Authors: Velasco Carmiña Navia
Published: February 2016

En este artículo la autora toma como punto de partida reflexiones en torno a las re- presentaciones contradictorias de María de Nazaret en el pensamiento teológico, las cuales son incomprensibles para un creyente corriente. La autora se pregunta por los motivos reales o imaginarios que generan y agrandan permanentemente este nudo.
Espiritualidad mariana y diáspora afrocolombiana
Authors: López Maricel Mena
Published: February 2016

En este artículo la autora se aproxima a algunas raíces espirituales de las comunida- des afro a partir de la praxis mariana bajo el lema María, madre y hermana de los pobres. A partir de este postulado, la autora explora temas como identidad, espiritualidad y diálogo interreligioso como ejes transversales importantes para un diálogo que ema- na desde la praxis de las comunidades pobres. estos temas insinúan un reencuentro con las raíces, las fuentes: quiénes somos, qué nos mueve, para qué, para desde allí ampliar la mirada hacia el horizonte de la pluralidad religiosa en el que indudable- mente está sumergido el continente latinoamericano.
Fe desde abajo y teología entre culturas
Authors: Cobarrubias Diego Irarrazabal
Published: February 2016

Desde un nivel experiencial se presenta la relación intercultural entre pueblos latinoamericanos, esta interculturalidad también se da en un ámbito religioso; lo cual lleva a plantear una relación entre lo socio-cultural y la espiritualidad, en un segundo momento se revisan las vivencias católicas del pueblo, se sigue con la figura de Cristo desde Latinoamérica y se finaliza con creencia en Dios por encima de los ídolos.
Jesucristo y el pluralismo religioso: aproximación a la comprensión de la persona de Jesús en las religiones.
Authors: Vargas Sergio Andrés Mendoza , Mojica Javier Aníbal Moreno
Published: February 2016

Este artículo expone cinco aproximaciones teóricas para el abordaje de la compresión de la persona de Jesús en las religiones. En la primera parte, se presenta un acercamiento a modo de barrido sistémico en cuanto a la persona de cristo en las grandes religiones: Islámica, Hinduista, Budista. En la segunda, se realiza un abordaje referente al cristianismo y las religiones desde las posturas exclusivistas, inclusivistas y pluralistas, como propuestas elaboradas para el acercamiento al estudio, comprensión e interpretación de Jesús en las religiones. En la tercera parte, se conceptualiza sobre el problema de la pluralidad de mediadores en contraste con la persona de Cristo y las plurales manifestaciones de Dios en la historia, abordadas desde las grandes religiones. En el último apartado se describe la postura representada por la teología de la liberación desarrollada en América Latina y el Caribe en diálogo con las religiones en lo pertinente a la interpretación y comprensión de Jesús de Nazaret.
La polémica genealogía de la moral de Friedrich Nietzsche: buceos y balbuceos.
Authors: Echeverri Santiago Borda-Malo
Published: February 2016

Este ensayo crítico se concentra en la polémica obra del pensador alemán, en su autorizada versión del especialista Andrés Sánchez Pascual, teniendo en cuenta su introducción y notas. Procuro ceñirme al ritmo del libro, desglosando paso a paso su contenido, pero atreviéndome a asumir una posición crítica desde la teología, pues —en nuestra modesta argumentación no solo teórica sino existencial— ciertas imprecisiones bíblico-teológicas del filósofo ameritan que uno se desmarque del ámbito filosófico. Son apenas “buceos” y “balbuceos” que no intentan dogmatizar, pero sí aclarar algunos tópicos.
Conceptos y clasificación de las capacidades físicas.
Authors: Gutiérrez Fernando Guío
Published: February 2016

Este artículo da a conocer  algunos de los conceptos y clasificaciones relacionados con las capacidades físicas, y a la vez pretende generar la discusión y reflexión sobre la temática, pues es común en el lenguaje actual del campo profesional denominarlas de múltiples maneras.  Además, es importante considerar  que las capacidades físicas constituyen una base importante para la adquisición y desarrollo de la condición física y de otras habilidades más complejas, por  lo tanto, es fundamental retomar  algunos de sus términos  y definiciones de tal manera que se pueda establecer un consenso y claridad sobre los conceptos utilizados.
Evaluación educativa y de los aprendizajes en educación física: aproximaciones conceptuales
Authors: Gutiérrez Fernando Guío
Published: February 2016

La evaluación constituye una de las prácticas permanentes en el ejercicio del docente; sin embargo, es a la vez uno de los temas de mayor complejidad y requiere constante reflexión. Sobre ella se asumen diversas posturas teóricas, en las cuales se plantean discusiones que en ocasiones tienden a generar dudas. En este sentido, son fundamentales las aproximaciones que posibiliten abordar la evaluación desde una concepción más comprensiva o de tal forma que se constituyan en fundamento para entender este complejo proceso.
Confiabilidad de los registros obtenidos por medio de dos sistemas de posicionamiento global en actividades de desplazamiento humano
Authors: Pachón Jeison Daniel Salazar , Obando David Armando Chaparro , Tordi Nicolás
Published: February 2016

El presente estudio examinó  la confiabilidad de los registros de dos sistemas de posicionamiento global (global positioning systems  [GPS]), Garmin310XT y FRWDB600,  sobre  las distancias  recorridas a diferentes  velocidades,  tras un protocolo a pie y otro  en bicicleta realizados  en una pista atlética.  Esta información se comparó con el trayecto  real de recorrido, hecho a partir  del cálculo: ritmo de recorrido (r) = distancia recorrida (d) x tiempo  de recorri- do, y se controló con un metrónomo Sport Beeper. Los participantes fueron dos jóvenes de edad  media  22 años  ± 1, activos  físicamente. En los resultados, se observaron diferencias  entre los registros de ambos sistemas GPS; el protocolo a pie Garmin tuvo un porcentaje de concordancia de 101,1%, mientras que FRWD presentó  103%. En el protocolo en bicicleta se obtuvo 103,4% y 101,6%, respectivamente. Se concluyó  que el uso de GPS es más fiable cuando  las velocidades  de desplazamiento humano son bajas  o moderadas  para  el sistema Garmin  (7-14 km/h), ya que al ser más altas la fiabilidad  de la información podría  ser menor, mientras  que el sistema FRWD presentó  mayor confiabilidad en velocidades moderadas (14-22 km/h).
Relación entre la ansiedad precompetitiva, el clima deportivo y su efecto sobre el rendimiento de un grupo de taekwondistas universitario de Bogotá
Authors: Ballesteros Yehira , Vallejos Lorena
Published: February 2016

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito examinar las relaciones entre ansiedad
precompetitiva, con el instrumento CSAI-2, el clima deportivo, con el SCQ, y su efecto en el rendimiento deportivo, a través de la medición longitudinal, en tres campeonatos de la Asociación Colombiana de Universidades (Ascún). La muestra estuvo conformada por un grupo de taekwondistas universitario de Bogotá. Los resultados arrojaron que la ansiedad precompetitiva y el clima deportivo predicen el rendimiento, pero solo se encontraron correlaciones significativas entre ansiedad precompetitiva y rendimiento en la segunda medición realizada. Además, este artículo pretende promover futuras investigaciones relacionadas con las artes marciales y las intervenciones con las variables psicológicas estudiadas.
El rol de las prácticas artísticas inmersas en los procesos de formación motriz en la Facultad de Cultura Física Deporte y Recreación
Authors: Albarracin Giraldo Jacquelin
Published: February 2016

El presente artículo habla sobre el aporte de artes como el teatro físico, la danza y la música en los procesos de formación motriz con los estudiantes de la Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación. Se partió de experiencias y aprendizajes vividos en el aula de clase y del trabajo sensocorpo-creativo relacionado directamente con los contenidos o las temáticas sustentadas en el Proyecto Educativo del Programa (PEP). Presenta reflexiones orientadas hacia los procesos en la enseñanza de las artes que van más allá de un fin en sí mismo, en busca de articular lo propuesto en la acción motriz, en reciprocidad con los contenidos de las técnicas corporales y somáticas que implican movimiento y conciencia.
Softening electronic institutions to support natural interaction
Authors: Murray-Rust Dave , Papapanagiotou Petros , Robertson Dave
Published: February 2016

A necessary feature of social networks is a model of interaction which is followed on the network---some structure which coordinates activity between the participants. These interaction models are typically implicit, making it a challenge to both design and communicate the protocols for interaction and coordination. Electronic institution systems are one of the principal ways in which multi-agent systems engineers address this issue of coordination in complex interactions between groups of agents. In electronic institutions, interaction models can be concisely specified as protocols which encode the norms which computational agents follow. However, the formality and the up-front costs of discovering and choosing to engage with these systems has limited their applicability to human interaction. The vast majority of human (and, increasingly, automated) social interaction is now taking place in social media systems where social norms are softer concepts regulated essentially by the people involved. Being able to leverage the power of electronic institutions in these systems would ease the application of computational intelligence in support of social tasks.We describe a method by which electronic institutions can act in synergy with these sorts of social media streams and, in doing so, we define a ``softer'' style of system that, nevertheless, retains connection to precise specifications of coordination. In addition, we question the tacit assumption that participating agents deliberately join appropriate institutions. Although our method is independent of choice of social media stream (given a few standard characteristics of these) we describe an implementation of the method using Twitter as a target media stream.We illustrate the utility of our approach with an example which benefits from computational coordination, but where the use of a traditional EI would have prohibitive up-front costs. As well as a trace of a synthetic version, we demonstrate the functioning of a complete implementation which can run the example, and discuss how minimal the end-user configuration to setup complex examples can be.
IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN VISOR GEOESPACIAL EN LA WEB SOBRE RECURSO HÍDRICO PARA EL ACUÍFERO JACÓ, GARABITO, PUNTARENAS, 2014
Authors: Núñez Solís Christian
Published: February 2016

Con el propósito de difundir y comunicar con mayor eficiencia investigaciones concernientes al recurso hídrico, se ha implementado una propuesta de Visor Geoespacial en la Web para el acuífero de Jacó de Garabito, Puntarenas, información desarrollada por el Laboratorio de Hidrología Ambiental (LHA) de la Universidad Nacional (UNA) durante los años 2012 y 2014. El sistema se plantea a partir de la importancia del almacenamiento, gestión y comunicación de la información geográfica, como esta debe ser normalizada e interoperable, almacenada y administrada en una base de datos espacial y publicada a través del Internet basado en un Geoportal. Todo esto con el aporte de los programas de código abierto como herramienta para el tratamiento de los datos.

 

ABSTRACT
 In order to effiiently share and communicate research regarding water resources, a Geospatial Web Viewer application has been implemented with data related to water resources for the aquifer of Jaco, Garabito, Puntarenas. This information was provided by the Laboratory of Hydrology Environmental (LHA, for its name in Spanish) of the Nacional University (UNA) during 2012 and 2014. The system is based on the importance of storing, managing, and communicating geographic information; this is, they way in which this information should be standardized and interoperable, stored and managed in a  database space and posted on the Internet based on Web Mapping. All this with the support of open code programs as a tool for processing the data.

 

 
Association of Dietary Variety and Diversity With Body Mass Index in US Preschool Children
Authors: Fernandez Carmen , Kasper Nicole M. , Miller Alison L. , Lumeng Julie C. , Peterson Karen E.
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Dietary variety and diversity are recommended in dietary guidelines, but their association with BMI in US preschool-aged children is unknown. This study examined predictors of dietary variety and diversity and their association with child BMI z score (BMIz).

METHODS:

Primary caregivers responded to a food frequency questionnaire. Child anthropometry was obtained concurrently (n = 340) and prospectively (n = 264). Dietary variety scores and dietary diversity scores were computed. Multivariable linear regression was used to model predictors of these scores and their association with BMIz concurrently and BMIz change per year prospectively.

RESULTS:

The sample was 49.4% boys; 69.4% of the primary caregivers were non-Hispanic white and 46.2% had a high school education or less. Girls and older children had greater Fruit and Vegetable Variety (gender: P = .03, age: P < .001), Healthy Foods Variety (P = .02, P < .001), and Dietary Diversity (P = .04, P = .03) scores. Older children also had greater scores for Overall Variety (P < .001) and Moderation Foods (eg, high-fat, high-sugar foods recommended to be consumed in moderation) (P < .001). Having a non-Hispanic white primary caregiver (versus not) was associated with lower Dietary Diversity (P = .01). Greater Healthy Variety, Overall Variety, and Dietary Diversity were associated with greater annual increases in BMIz prospectively (β[SE] = 0.009 [0.004], P = .04; β[SE] = 0.007 [0.003], P = .02; β[SE] = 0.003 [0.001], P = .02, respectively), adjusted for energy intake.

CONCLUSIONS:

Greater dietary variety and diversity were prospectively associated with higher BMIz. Targeting dietary variety and diversity as an obesity prevention strategy in children requires careful consideration.
Response to A.J. Ammerman 'The Dynamics of Modern Land Use and the Acconia Survey'
Authors: Davis Jack L. , Sutton Susan B.
Published: February 2016

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Ancient Bones and Modern Myths: Ninth Millennium BC Hippopotamus Hunters at Akrotiri Aetokremmos, Cyprus?
Authors: Bunimovitz Shlomo , Barkai Ran
Published: February 2016

Recent excavations at Akrotiri Aetokremmos, Cyprus, stirred up great excitement among students of Mediterranean Archaeology and palaeozoology, since they were presented as revealing for the first time on the island a large deposit of Pleistocene fauna - mainly pygmy hippopotamus - in association in artifactual material. It was further claimed that humans may have been responsible for the extinction of some of the endemic Cypriot fauna. A re-examination of the data from the site questions the existence of the ninth millennium BC hippopotamus hunters on Cyprus and addresses the more general issues of how archaeologists observe the archaeological record, give meaning to it, and reconstruct the human past.
Measuring the Natural Rate of Interest Redux
Authors: Laubach Thomas T. , Williams John C.
Published: February 2016

Persistently low real interest rates have prompted the question whether low interest rates are here to stay. This essay assesses the empirical evidence regarding the natural rate of interest in the United States using the Laubach-Williams model. Since the start of the Great Recession, the estimated natural rate of interest fell sharply and shows no sign of recovering. These results are robust to alternative model specifications. If the natural rate remains low, future episodes of hitting the zero lower bound are likely to be frequent and long-lasting. In addition, uncertainty about the natural rate argues for policy approaches that are more robust to mismeasurement of natural rates.
Indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentrations on the Mpumalanga highveld – A case study
Authors: Wernecke B , Language B , Piketh S.J , Burger R.P
Published: February 2016

The household combustion of solid fuels, for the purpose of heating and cooking, is an activity practiced by many people in South Africa. Air pollution caused by the combustion of solid fuels in households has a significant influence on public health. People mostaffected are those considered to be the poorest, living in low-income settlements, where burning solid fuel is the primary source of energy. Insufficient data has been collected in South Africa to quantify the concentrations of particulate emissions that peopleare exposed to, especially the respirable fraction, associated with the combustion of solid fuels. The aim of this paper is to gain an understanding of the particulate matter (PM) concentrations a person living in a typical household in a low income settlement in theSouth African Highveld is exposed to. It also seeks to demonstrate that the use of solid fuels in the household can lead to indoor air pollution concentrations reaching levels very similar to ambient PM concentrations, which could be well in excess of the NationalAmbient Air Quality Standards, representing a major national public health threat. A mobile monitoring station was used in KwaDela, Mpumalanga to measure both ambient particulate concentrations and meteorological conditions, while a range of dust/particulate monitors were used for indoor and personal particulate concentration measurements. Indoor and personal measurements are limited to the respirable fraction (PM4) as this fraction contributes significantly to the negative health impacts. The sampling for this case study took place from 7-19 August 2014. Highest particulate matter concentrations were evident during the early mornings and the early evenings, when solid fuel burning activities were at their highest. Indoor and personal daily average PM4 concentrations did not exceed the 24h National Ambient PM2.5 Standard of 65 μg/m3 nor did they exceed the 24h National Ambient PM10 Standard of 75 μg/ m3. The outdoor PM2.5 concentrations were found to be below the standards for the duration of the sampling period. The outdoor PM10 concentrations exceeded the standards for one day during the sampling period. Results indicate that, although people in KwaDelamay be exposed to ambient PM concentrations that can be non-compliant to ambient standards, the exposure to indoor air, where solid fuel is burnt, may be detrimental to their health.
Climate change impacts on mean wind speeds in South Africa
Authors: Herbst L , Rautenbach H
Published: February 2016

Climate change could potentially affect a number of variables that impact the dispersal of and human exposure to air pollutants, as well as climate dependent sectors such as wind energy. This study attempted to quantify the projected changes in seasonal daily mean wind speeds for South Africa around the mid-21st century (2051-2075) under two different atmospheric heat pathways. Seasonal daily mean wind speed increases rarely reach 6% and decreases occur to a maximum of 3% and are variable between different seasons and areas within the country. In all seasons except December-January-February, wind speeds are projected to increase in the Highveld region, suggesting that air pollution dispersing conditions could increase. Wind direction at the 850hPa-level show minor changes, except over the Western and Eastern Cape provinces.
Herausforderungen aktueller IT-Entwicklungen
Authors: Hauff Thomas , Söffing Stefan
Published: February 2016

Virtualisierung, Cloud Computing und servicebasierte Architekturen sind Innovationen aus der IT, die langsam aber sicher in der Automatisierungstechnik Einzug halten. Auf der Namur-Hauptsitzung 2015 hat der Namur-Arbeitskreis 2.11 Industrielle IT/Leittechnik in einem Workshopbeitrag das Thema Automatisierungsysteme im Kontext aktueller IT-Entwicklungen aufgegriffen. Die Anforderungen der Automatisierungstechnik bezüglich Lebenszykluskonzepten und Verfügbarkeit bleiben bestehen und müssen mit den neuen Trends in Einklang gebracht werden. In diesem Beitrag werden die wichtigsten Aspekte dieser Entwicklungen dargestellt. Deren Nutzen und Risiken sollen 2016 mit den Anbietern diskutiert werden, um daraus Anwendungsempfehlungen und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten für die Anwender abzuleiten.
Automation Security Risk Assessment
Authors: Runde Markus , Speth Walter , Steffen Thomas , Thiell Christoph
Published: February 2016

Um Security-Schutzmaßnahmen für die Automatisierungstechnik sinnvoll zu implementieren, wird eine Entscheidungsgrundlage benötigt. Eine Risikoanalyse, die Werte erfasst und ermittelt, kann das leisten. Der Beitrag stellt praktische Herangehensweisen zur Durchführung von Risikoanalysen vor, die eine Auswahl von hinreichenden Schutzmaßnahmen erlaubt.
Pentru o istorie a punctuației românești
Authors: Chirilă Adina
Published: February 2016

În practica realizării edițiilor academice pentru textele românești din epoca veche și premodernă, chiar atunci cînd se înregistrează cu scrupulozitate, în aparatul critic, și sînt comentate în ample studii lingvistice și filologice variantele fonetice, morfologice, sintactice și lexicale pe care le cunoaște un text, erorile grafice, omisiunile și interpolările ș.a., problema punctuației este rezolvată în mod tacit, prin adăugarea unei punctuații sintactice raționale, după norma modernă. Procedeul are unele avantaje pentru cititorul de azi, însă, în fapt, falsifică textul, întrucît pune pe seama autorului originar, fie și neintenționat, faptele unui agent secundar: editorul. În plus, inexistența la noi a releveelor arheologice perfecte ale acestor texte—care să pună în evidență și habitudinile mai mult sau mai puțin conștientizate și constante ale scribilor din vechime—face imposibilă, deocamdată, alcătuirea unei istorii a punctuației românești. Rămîne aceasta un deziderat însă, a cărui realizare depinde de reevaluarea obiectivă a practicii editoriale contemporane.￼
The Homeric poems in Romanian attire. A diachronic analysis (II)
Authors: Bârlea Petre Gheorghe
Published: February 2016

In this article we continue the diachronic analysis of the Romanian versions of the Homeric poems, cf. Bârlea (2015c). The triple perspective of the approach is being maintained: a) the evolution of international Homeric studies, which facilitates evermore detailed and exact editions of the Homeric texts; b) the evolution of the literary Romanian language in the period considered (1837–2012), with some references to older periods; c) the differences between translational choices. This time we are concerned with more distinct domains in the language structure of the translations—phonological-morphological and lexical-semantic aspects. Special attention is paid to linguistic localizations, closely linked to the mentalities and historical realities of the Romanian space of circulation of these successive translations from Homer. In the first case, we have concentrated on the problems of orthography and stress, while in the second we have considered not only the diachronic distributions of word forms and meanings, but also their diastratic and diatopic location.
Traducerea: între ce se poate traduce și ce trebuie tradus
Authors: Jeanrenaud Magda
Published: February 2016

Pornind de la o tulburătoare interpretare a lui Jacques Derrida, studiul de față își propune să investigheze și încearcă să explice blocajul ce intervine în versiunile englezești, franceze și românești (semnate de Antoine Berman, Alexis Nouss, Steven Rendall, Catrinel Pleșu etc.) ale celebrului text al lui Walter Benjamin, Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers, atunci cînd traducătorii transpun în cele trei limbi țintă cele două citate cuprinse în acesta: un citat din Mallarmé, lăsat netradus de Benjamin însuși, și un altul, din Pannwitz. Într-un fel sau altul, ambele citate au o formă discursivă ce lasă să se întrevadă o sintaxă ce se abate deliberat de la normă, ca și cum ar fi deja niște „traduceri”. Analiza mai pune în evidență și comportamentul (cumva o dominantă a psihologiei traducătorilor?) celor ce au transpus textul benjaminian, comportament marcat de obsesia lizibilității văzută ca o trăsătură congenitală a oricărei traduceri, chiar și atunci cînd textul original nu tinde spre aceasta. De unde și dilema, dureroasă, legată de spinoasa chestiune a intenționalității textului (nu doar de tradus)...
On the graphic adaptation of proper names in the first Romanian translation of the Septuagint (Ms. 45)
Authors: Gînsac Ana-Maria
Published: February 2016

Among the difficulties that have always challenged the translators of the Bible one can mention the adaptation of proper names in each idiom. Certain biblical proper names were adapted into Romanian when the first translations of fragments belonging to the Old and the New Testaments were performed. However, most biblical proper names were adapted into Romanian for the first time in the translation of the Septuagint performed by Nicolae Spătarul (Milescu) in the second half of the 17th century and preserved in a manuscript copy (the Romanian manuscript no. 45) from the same century. The main source of this translation was an edition of the Septuagint issued in Frankfurt in 1597. In accordance with the spirit of literalism in Bible translation in that period, the main tendency of translators and reviewers was to preserve, as much as possible, the original form of proper names as they appeared in the source-text, attempting, at the same time, to integrate them in the formal system (graphy, declension) of the Romanian language. Starting from the formal particularities of the names in the source-text, we aim at describing certain aspects related to the graphic principles that the transposition of proper names from the Greek source into Ms. 45 was based upon.
Sala de aula digital: uma introdução à cultura digital para educadores
Authors: Oliveira Carlos Alexandre Rodrigues de , Oliveira Júnior José Geraldo Fernandes
Published: February 2016

Resenha por Carlos Alexandre Rodrigues de Oliveira e José Geraldo Fernades Oliveira Júnior. Review by Carlos Alexandre Rodrigues de Oliveira and José Geraldo Fernades Oliveira Júnior. A obra resenhada tem como objetivo ressaltar que as novas tecnologias estão cada vez mais difundidas na sociedade, o que faz com que o dia a dia das crianças e dos jovens esteja imerso nesse novo ambiente. Assim, a escola não pode manter-se isolada desse processo de mudança e a inclusão dessa cultura digital na sala de aula faz-se cada vez mais urgente. Diante disso, essa obra oferece ferramentas para que educadores possam fundamentar e utilizar a cultura digital a serviço de sua principal atividade: a arte de educar.
O novo aluno
Authors: Ribeiro Talita Miranda , Nascimento Giovane
Published: February 2016

RESUMO:Na história da existência do homem, percebe-se que o sujeito, de acordo com sua época, vem se transformando até chegar ao contexto presente do século XXI. Do Sujeito do Iluminismo centrado, unificado, rígido, passando pelo Sujeito Sociológico interacional – eu, o outro e a sociedade –, flexível, até chegar ao Sujeito Pós-Moderno, atual, flutuante, em construção, demandado por representações culturais. É com base neste último sujeito, contemporâneo, que propomos neste trabalho uma análise dos indivíduos, hoje interligados às novas tecnologias, junto à instituição escolar. O presente estudo aborda questões que se referem ao novo aluno e ao novo professor que a atualidade, com seus avanços tecnológicos, vêm transformando. Aponta-se, ainda, a necessidade de se repensar as práticas educacionais, que parecem já não atender com êxito à realidade atual da escola. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escola. Novas Tecnologias. Contextualização. Aprendizagem Significativa. ABSTRACT:In the history of man's existence is perceived that the subject, according to his age, has been transformed to reach the present context of the XXI century. Subject-centered, unified, disk Enlightenment, through interactional Sociological Subject - I and the other society, flexible, until the Postmodern Subject, current, floating in construction, defendant cultural representations. Based on this last subject we propose in this paper an analysis of the reality of these individuals, now linked to the new technologies, with the school institution. This study addresses issues that relate to the new student and new teacher that today with its technological advances are transforming. It highlights the need to rethink educational practices, it seems that no longer meet successfully the current reality of the school.KEYWORDS: School. New Technologies. Contextualization. Meaningful Learning.
Memória de Ruy Cinatti: uma entrevista com Peter Stilwell
Authors: Braga Duarte Drumond
Published: February 2016

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Antígona, Hamlet, Odiseo y Don Quijote
Authors: Barnés Vázquez Antonio
Published: February 2016

Antígona y Hamlet, dos nobles que sufren el abuso de poder de sus respectivos tíos, protagonizan dos de las tragedias más célebres de la historia de la literatura. Odiseo y don Quijote realizan famosos viajes en cumplimiento de un particular destino en medio de abundantes difi cultades. La comparación de los cuatro personajes hace resaltar las concomitancias y las diferencias, contribuyendo a su vez a delinear el carácter de cada uno
El combate individual en los libros de caballería a la luz de sus motivos
Authors: Bueno Serrano Ana Carmen
Published: February 2016

Este trabajo propone un análisis de la función de los combates individuales en los libros de caballerías con unos pocos ejemplos al hilo del discurso que demuestren la contribución que desde la perspectiva de estudio de las constantes de contenido, que se han llamado motivos, puede hacerse a desentrañar la compleja, y a veces alambicada, poética de lo caballeresco. El rastreo de los materiales permite concluir que se selecciona del combate judicial aquello que mejor se amolda a los intereses de la prosa y que, sin que sirva de precedente, hay una correspondencia perfecta entre modelos contemporáneos, motivos folclóricos y motivos caballerescos
Estudio multidisciplinario del paciente con anemia de Fanconi
Authors: García de Teresa Benilde , Rodríguez Alfredo , Frías Sara
Published: February 2016

La anemia de Fanconi es el trastorno medular hereditario más frecuente; sin embargo, es una enfermedad rara cuya prevalencia mundial se estima de 1 a 5 por millón de habitantes. Se ha calculado que la frecuencia de portadores es de 1 en 300, aunque en algunos grupos, como los judíos Askenazí o los gitanos españoles, la frecuencia de portadores es de hasta 1 en 70.1 En México se desconocen estos datos pero en el Laboratorio de Citogenética del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría se diagnostican anualmente cerca de 10 casos nuevos de entre unas 80 muestras provenientes de múltiples instituciones de salud de la República.

 

 
La probanza de don Diego de San Francisco Tehuetzquititzin
Authors: Castañeda de la Paz María
Published: February 2016

En este trabajo se dará a conocer la probanza que don Diego de San Francisco Tehuetzquititzin, gobernador de Tenochtitlan entre 1541 y 1554, mandó a elaborar en 1546. Se trata de un documento inédito, cuya importancia radica en la información quep roporciona sobre el activo papel que tuvo Tehuetzquititzin durante la Conquista y los primeros años de la Colonia. Un personaje que defendió con ahínco sus intereses, pero al que le tocó vivir en un mundo de grandes cambios, en los que vio cómo se lesionaban gravemente sus derechos y privilegios.
Presentación
Authors: O'Meara Carolyn , Hernández Triviño Ascención
Published: February 2016

Presentación
Rede Médicos-Sentinela como Instrumento de Vigilância em Saúde [Pública]
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Paula , Fonseca Rita Carvalho , Matias-Dias Carlos
Published: February 2016

As atuais estratégias de saúde europeias preconizam um reforço do papel da saúde pública, exigindo dos decisores a capacidade de defender e potenciar a saúde dos indivíduos e das populações em todas as políticas. Na persecução deste objetivo, a saúde pública deve ser baseada em evidência, informação e conhecimento. Deste modo, a vigilância em saúde pública que desde o século XIX é tida como um importante instrumento de saúde pública, assume um papel central na sua prática por levar à produção e disseminação de informação de saúde necessária ao planeamento, implementação e ações de saúde pública. No âmbito da prática da saúde pública, as estimativas de frequência de doenças necessárias para o controlo de surtos, definição de necessidades em saúde e avaliação de ganhos em saúde nem sempre estão disponíveis para a totalidade da população pelo que a utilização de sistemas de vigilância sentinela se assume vantajosa na vigilância de doenças de elevada prevalência. No âmbito das doenças crónicas, a definição de um sistema de vigilância centrado na atividade dos especialistas de Medicina Geral e Familiar afigura-se como o mais adequado, dado o crescente papel do médico de família na gestão da doença crónica. Em Portugal, existe uma rede sentinela (Rede Médicos-Sentinela)que ao longo de 25 anos se tem ocupado da descrição de fenómenos de saúde através da estimativa de taxas de incidência sendo que, alguns dos problemas estudados são alvo de programas prioritários. Assim, considera-se que a Rede Médicos-Sentinela possa ser perspetivada como um sistema de vigilância de doenças crónicas em Portugal.
Procriação Assistida em Mulheres Transplantadas: Experiência de uma Unidade de Medicina da Reprodução e Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Vale-Fernandes Emídio , Póvoa Ana Margarida , Soares Sandra , Calejo Lucinda , Xavier Pedro , Sousa Sónia , Beires Jorge , Montenegro Nuno
Published: February 2016

Doenças em estádio terminal cursam tipicamente com distúrbios do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-ovário, com consequente anovulação e infertilidade. A transplantação de órgãos sólidos aumentou a sobrevida e melhorou a capacidade reprodutiva das mulheres com este tipo de patologia. Embora a adopção seja uma possibilidade, a mulher transplantada infértil tem direito à sua autodeterminação reprodutiva com recurso a técnicas de procriação medicamente assistida. As gravidezes em mulheres transplantadas são de alto risco, mas não parece existir evidência de diferenças no desfecho obstétrico e neonatal nas grávidas transplantadas sujeitas a procriação assistida, comparativamente a gravidezes espontâneas. A utilização de técnicas de procriação assistida em mulheres transplantadas constitui um desafio médico, ético e psicossocial, cuja abordagem deve ser multidisciplinar, para assegurar o sucesso reprodutivo sem comprometer a função do órgão transplantado ou a saúde materna, permitindo o nascimento de uma criança saudável. A literatura existente mantém-se escassa. São apresentados três casos clínicos.
A Neurologist’s Hard Day’s Work: Impact of Inpatient Neurology Consultation in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Rocha Helena , Monteiro Ana , Gomes Tiago , Grilo Miguel , Carvalho Marta
Published: February 2016

Introduction: Consultation of hospitalized patients under the responsibility of other specialties is a very demanding work. However, it is often under-recognized and poorly documented. The aim of the present study was to assess the burden of the inpatient neurology consultation in a Portuguese hospital and to evaluate the performance of our Neurology department regarding this issue.Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted during 2013, reviewing clinical and demographic data.Results: Over one year, the neurologists of our department evaluated 632 inpatients. The commonest reasons for consultation were altered mental state/behavior, focal neurological deficit and seizures. Requests came mainly from medical departments but also from Intermediate and Intensive Care Units. Neurologists suggested further investigation in almost one half of patients and management changes in a similar proportion of patients. A new diagnosis could be established in 63% of cases and the most frequent diagnosis were neurological manifestations of systemic disorders, epilepsy and cerebrovascular disease. Our intervention had impact on the care of 68% of patients.Discussion and Conclusion: Different studies in the literature support our findings and highlight the economic and patient care benefits of this activity. Our results suggest that neurological inpatient observation generates useful interventions for the clinical management of these patients.
Burnout em Profissionais da Saúde Portugueses: Uma Análise a Nível Nacional
Authors: Marôco João , Marôco Ana Lúcia , Leite Ema , Bastos Cristina , Vazão Maria José , Campos Juliana
Published: February 2016

Introduction: Burnout is a psychological syndrome, characterized by a state of high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment, which leads to erosion of personal, professional and health values. This study reports the incidence of burnout in Portuguese Healthcare professionals.
Material and Methods: Burnout in Portugal’s health professionals was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey, using a zero (never) to six (always) ordinal scale, on a sample of 1 262 nurses and 466 physicians with mean age of 36.8 year (SD = 12.2) and 38.7 (SD = 11.0), respectively. Participants came from all national districts (35% Lisbon, 18% Oporto, 6% Aveiro, 6% Setúbal, 5% Coimbra, 5% Azores and Madeira), working in hospitals (54%), Families’ Health Units (30%), Personalized Health Units (8%) and other public or private institutions (8%).
Results: Analysis of MBI-HSS scores, stratified by district, revealed that both types of professionals had moderate to high levels of burnout (M = 3.0, SD = 1.7) with no significant differences between the two groups. Vila Real (M = 3.8, SD = 1.7) and Madeira (M = 2.5, SD = 1.5) were the regions where burnout levels were higher and lower, respectively. Burnout levels did not differ significantly between Hospital, Personalized Health Units and Families’ Health Centers. Professionals with more years in the function were less affected by Burnout (r = -0.15). No significant association was observed with the duration of the working day (r = 0.04). The strongest predictor of burnout was the perceived quality of working conditions (r = -0.35).
Discussion: The occurrence of the burnout syndrome in Portuguese health professionals is frequent, being associated with a poor working conditions perception and reduced professional experience. The incidence of the burnout syndrome shows regional differences which may be associated with different and suboptimal conditions for health care delivery. Results suggest the need for interventions aimed at improving working conditions and initial job training of health professionals, as requisites for a good professional practice and personal well-being.
Conclusions: At the national level, between 2011 and 2013, 21.6% of healthcare professionals showed moderate burnout and 47.8% showed high burnout. The perception of poor working conditions was the main predictor of burnout occurrence among the Portuguese health professionals.
Decidualização Ectópica: Uma Entidade Esquecida
Authors: Mendes Joana , Costa Antónia
Published: February 2016

Introduction: Although ectopic decidualization is an entity often underdiagnosed, it may have adverse clinical impact on maternal-fetal morbimortality. The objective of this study was to review the scientific evidence regarding the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and therapeutic approach on this issue.
Material and Methods: The search for this literature review was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, through the query (‘deciduosis’ OR ‘ectopic decidualization’ OR ‘ectopic decidua’ OR ‘ectopic decidua reaction’), considering articles of all evidence levels published up to 31/06/2014.
Results: Ectopic decidualization is, usually, a benign condition, asymptomatic and does not require therapeutic intervention. It occurs mostly during pregnancy, with complete regression in the postpartum period. The frequency of the diagnosis depends on the clinical suspicion and its location, being the omentum and the ovary the most common sites. When symptomatic, the main clinical manifestations are genital bleeding and hemoperitoneum. Differential diagnosis includes malignant disease and histopathological confirmation is essential in these situations. The low index of suspicion may lead to a biopsy, which can have serious adverse outcomes due to the high friability of these lesions.
Discussion and Conclusion: The recognition of this entity and its clinical features are essential for the management of these patients. On one side this allows an early and proper medical approach in severe cases, on the other side (the majority of cases) maintaining an expectant attitude avoiding iatrogeny, does not compromise, in most cases, the favorable outcome of ectopic decidualization.
A Neurologist’s Hard Day’s Work: Impact of Inpatient Neurology Consultation in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Rocha Helena , Monteiro Ana , Gomes Tiago , Grilo Miguel , Carvalho Marta
Published: February 2016

Introduction: Consultation of hospitalized patients under the responsibility of other specialties is a very demanding work. However, it is often under-recognized and poorly documented. The aim of the present study was to assess the burden of the inpatient neurology consultation in a Portuguese hospital and to evaluate the performance of our Neurology department regarding this issue.
Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted during 2013, reviewing clinical and demographic data.
Results: Over one year, the neurologists of our department evaluated 632 inpatients. The commonest reasons for consultation were altered mental state/behavior, focal neurological deficit and seizures. Requests came mainly from medical departments but also from Intermediate and Intensive Care Units. Neurologists suggested further investigation in almost one half of patients and management changes in a similar proportion of patients. A new diagnosis could be established in 63% of cases and the most frequent diagnosis were neurological manifestations of systemic disorders, epilepsy and cerebrovascular disease. Our intervention had impact on the care of 68% of patients.
Discussion and Conclusion: Different studies in the literature support our findings and highlight the economic and patient care benefits of this activity. Our results suggest that neurological inpatient observation generates useful interventions for the clinical management of these patients.
Respons Kultural Masyarakat Sasak Terhadap Islam
Authors: Asnawi Asnawi
Published: February 2016

Islam reached Lombok island at sixteenth century, approximately at 1545. Its well-known spreader was an expedition from Java led by Sunan Prapen son of Sunan Giri, one of the famous wali songo (nine religious leaders, the Islam spreader in Java). Before Islam reached this island, according to some historian, the indigenous Sasak—appellation to indigenous of Lombok people—had had their own traditional religion, Boda. Sometimes Boda was also called Majapahit Religion.

Method of spreading Islam at early time of Islam in this island was called three-linked system. A religious leader coming from Java had to teach three indigenous people and then made them be religious leaders. After mastering what was taught they were considered religious leaders and, in turn, respectively have to teach another three candidates. This method of spreading gained effective outputs on one hand, but on other hand it also shaped a kind of viewpoint among indigenous people that the religious obligatories such as daily praying and fasting are only the duty of religious leaders not of common people.

Such unexpected point of view in turn has polarized the people into two groups, religious leaders and their common disciples. The later have point of view that they only do what their religious leader and king ask them to do, and this was the embryo of a local Islamic syncretism known as Wetu Telu. After time of Sunan Prapen, the Tuan Guru—a special call to Lombokness religious leaders—take responsiblity on islamization in this island, especially to the Wetu Telu disciples.