bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Earthquake Magnitude on Lives Lost During Shock
Authors: Gaya Faruk Ibrahim , Bara damu Aminu , Abdullahi Ahmad , Zanuwa Mu’azu Audu , Muhammad Adamu Kamaludeen , Idris Shehu Umar , Abdu Ali
Published: October 2021

Earthquake is one of the catastrophic natural disasters in the history of mankind which consumed hundreds and thousandsof human lives every year. Attitude of man in handling natural environment make earthquakes inevitable. The study wasdesign to examine the impact of earthquake magnitude on lives loss during earthquakes. Data adopted for study are solelysecondary data which include; journals, textbooks, published and unpublished document. Sampled was derived using purposivesampling techniques, earthquakes that lives were loss during their occurrence characterized with 6.0Mw and above wereselected as sample. Regression analysis, maps QGIS software, tables and graphs were used for data analysis in study. Theresult of the research indicate a fair relation among studied variables. Figure 1 Multiple R=0.073, Figure multiple=0.454and Figure multiple R=0.452. Multiple R determine the nature of relation between study variables, the close the value ofmultiple R is to 1 the strong the relationship. Which means fair relationship exist between earthquake magnitudes and liveloss during 1990-2019 earthquakes. And R2 result Figure 1, 1% of the lives lost during earthquakes 1990-1999 are determineby earthquake magnitude, R2 result in Figure 4 indicated 21% of the lives lost during earthquakes 2000-2009 are determineby earthquake magnitude and R2 result in Figure 6 demonstrate 20% of the lives loss during earthquakes 2010-2019 aredetermine by earthquake magnitudes. Significant F results are Figure 1 significant F =0.613, Figure 4 significant F=0.001 andFigure 6 significant F=0.0004. Two out of the three significant F result indicated that the result of the research is reliablewhile one result indicated that the result is less reliable. However, the result of the research signifies, other factors such aspopulation density of the area where the earthquakes occur, the geological structure of the areas where the earthquake takeplace, the time at which the earthquake occur i.e. night or during daylight and precipitation also trigger earthquakes in a fewkilometer depth influence number lives lost during earthquake.
Comparative analysis of surgical interventions for postoperative ventral hernia in obese patients
Authors: Kravchenko B.S. , Klimenko A.V. , Klimenko V.N. , Sergееva L.N.
Published: October 2021

The problem of surgical treatment of post­operative ventral hernias remains relevant today. Currently, a large number of methods of surgical interventions for hernias of the anterior abdominal wall have been proposed, the variety of which requires systematization and analysis of the immediate and distant results of treatment. Goal: to analyze the effectiveness of laparoscopic hernia repair in patients with postoperative ventral hernia with a body mass index of 30 kg/m2. The results of treatment of 29 patients with postoperative ventral hernia were analyzed. Men – 8 (27.5%), women – 21 (72.5%). In 16 (55.2%) patients (main group) laparoscopic intraperitoneal onlay mesh – IPOM was performed, in 13 (44.8%) patients (comparison group) open hernia repair with fixation of the mesh graft in the Sublay position was performed. The analysis of the duration of the surgical intervention indicates that with open hernia repair, there is a significant increase in the duration of the surgical intervention, p˂0.0001. Comparison of the duration of operations in both groups depending on the body mass index also indicates the dependence of the duration of surgery on this indicator. Thus, in the comparison group, there was a tendency to an increase in the duration of the operation with an increase in the body weight of patients with a significant difference in the duration of the operation between the main group and the comparison. The duration of a patient's stay in the hospital and the occurrence of respiratory complications correlates with the level of postoperative pain and the duration of surgery. Postoperative complications in the form of fluid accumulations in the wound area of the abdominal wall depend on the method of surgery and the location of the mesh graft. The use of laparoscopic – IPOM in obese patients significantly improves the results of surgery by reducing the level of postoperative pain, shortening the duration of surgery, and the absence of complications in the early and late postoperative period. When choosing the method of surgical intervention in patients with postoperative ventral hernia, laparoscopic IPOM should be preferred.
Dilema quirúrgico: perdida de habilidades quirúrgicas abiertas a cirugía mínimamente invasiva
Authors: Pérez Mendoza Karla Katherine , Alvarado Muñoz Sergio Geovanny , González Jara Juan Carlos , Moreira Duran Katerine Lilibeth
Published: October 2021

En los últimos 100 años la cirugía ha tenido un avance extraordinario, es cada vez más científica y su campo de investigación abre nuevos senderos. Continuamente se buscan nuevos procedimientos y nuevos abordajes desde cirugía mínimamente invasiva hasta abordajes virtuales a través de cirugía robótica. La cirugía es el término utilizado tradicionalmente para describir los procedimientos (llamados procedimientos quirúrgicos) que implican realizar incisiones o suturar tejidos para tratar enfermedades, lesiones o deformidades. La elección del tipo de cirugía a aplicar es fundamental para la adecuada exposición del campo quirúrgico que permita asegurar el control total del procedimiento realizado logrando el éxito de la cirugía y un posoperatorio favorable. Entre los principales tipos de cirugía se encuentran, la cirugía abierta, la cual tiene una serie de limitaciones y desventajas, entre las que resaltan que necesita incisiones muy amplias, existe mayor riesgo de infección, mayor dolor postoperatorio, mayor tiempo de reposo, recuperación más lenta y alta más tardía. Por su parte la cirugía mínimamente invasiva se realiza a través de incisiones muy pequeñas o sin necesidad de incisión, es una técnica quirúrgica que ha desplazado poco a poco a la cirugía abierta. El enfoque general del presente trabajo es dar a conocer el porqué del dilema quirúrgico por la pérdida de habilidades quirúrgicas abiertas a cirugía mínimamente invasiva, sus definiciones, tipos, ventajas, desventaja y como se proyecta este tipo de cirugía en el futuro. Los resultados se obtuvieron mediante el desarrollo de una investigación de tipo bibliográfica, que permite concluir que la perdida de habilidades quirúrgicas abiertas reside en las ventajas que la cirugía mínimamente invasiva tiene sobre la cirugía convencional, entre las que destacan, menor sangrado operatorio, menor dolor posquirúrgico y pronto restablecimiento de la vía oral, menor tiempo de hospitalización posquirúrgica, mejor efecto cosmético y calidad de vida, pronta reincorporación a la vida cotidiana, uso temprano de terapia adyuvante.
Farklı Tür Agregalarla Üretilen Silindirle Sıkıştırılmış Betonların Özellikleri
Authors: KILIÇ İsmail , SAVAŞ Ahmet Okan
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada, farklı tür agregalardan üretilen silindirle sıkıştırılmış beton (SSB) örneklerinin özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bağlayıcı olarak CEM I 42,5 R Portland çimentosu, dolomit, bazalt, mermer ve iki farklı tür kalker olmak üzere beş farklı agrega, doğal kum ve şebeke suyu kullanılmıştır. Agrega örnekleri üzerinde sıkışık ve gevşek birim hacim ağırlık, özgül ağırlık, su emme, Los Angeles parçalanma direnci tayini ve elek analizi deneyleri yapılmıştır. Farklı tür agregalarla yapılan karışımlarda su/çimento oranı 0,35 olarak sabit tutulmuştur. Dolomit, bazalt, mermer, iki farklı tür kalker olmak üzere beş farklı agreganın her biri 12-19 mm kırmataş II, 4-12 mm kırmataş I ve 0-4 mm kırmataş tozu olarak kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca farklı agrega ile üretilen betonların her birinde 0-4 mm boyutunda doğal kum kullanılmıştır. 7 ve 28 günlük basınç dayanımlarının belirlenmesi için 15 cm çapında ve 30 cm yüksekliğinde silindir, 28 günlük eğilme dayanımı için ise 15 cm×15 cm×75 cm boyutlarında prizmatik kiriş örnekler üretilmiştir. Eğilme dayanımı testinden önce 28 günlük prizmatik kiriş numunelerden yararlanılarak ultrases geçiş hızı ve dinamik elastisite modülü değerleri belirlenmiştir.
On Estimation of P(Y<X) in Case Inverse Kumaraswamy Distribution
Authors: Abdul Hameed Bsma , Salman Abbas N. , Kalaf Bayda Atiya
Published: October 2021

The estimation of the stressـ strength reliability of Invers Kumaraswamy distribution will be introduced in this paper based on the maximum likelihood, moment and shrinkage methods. The mean squared error has been used to compare among proposed estimators. Also a Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed methods in this paper.
Certain Family of Multivalent Functions Associated With Subordination
Authors: Mahmood Zainab H. , Shihab Buthyna N. , Jassim Kassim A.
Published: October 2021

The main objectives of this pepper are to introduce new classes. We have attempted to obtain coefficient estimates, radius of convexity, Distortion and  Growth theorem and other related results for the classes
فاعلية مدخل المهام في تنمية المفاهيم النحوية لدي طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: جبار غني الأسدي زينة
Published: October 2021

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تعرف فاعلية المهام النحوية على طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة ، واعتمدت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي (مجموعة تجريبية ، ومجموعة ضابطة ) وكانت العينة من طلاب المرحلة المتوسطة وتم اختيار مدرسة متوسطة نافع بن هلال للبنين في مركز محافظة بابل ومن ادوات البحث أعداد اختبار لمهام المفاهيم النحوية ، وتوصلت الباحثة الى مجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات والمقترحات المثبتة في البحث ، ومن النتائج التي توصلت اليها الباحثة بحسب الفرضية الصفرية هو تفوق المجموعة التجريبية التي درست مدخل المهام على المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية
مهارة الثقافة الرقمية لمدير مدرسة المستقبل في ضوء متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين دراسة ميدانية لمدراء مدارس مرحلة الأساس
Authors: الريح يوسف أحمد ابوعاقلة أحمد
Published: October 2021

هدف هذا البحث تعرّف امتلاك مهارة الثقافة الرقمية لمدير مدرسة المستقبل في ضوء متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين من وجهة نظر مدراء مدارس مرحلة الأساس إضافة الي معرفة المعوقات التي تواجه وتحول دون أن يتمكنوا من امتلاك تلك الكفايات، ولتحقيق ذلك اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي وصمم أداة للقياس هي الاستبانة اشتملت علي (4) محاور، وفقا لأسئلة وأهداف البحث وقد تم تحكيمها من قبل (11) خبيرا وذلك للتأكّد من الصدق الظاهري للأداة. وللتحقق من معامل ثبات الأداة تم تطبيقها على عينة استطلاعية فبلغ معامل الثبات للأداة ككل(0,931) وذلك باستخدام معادلة (الفا كرو نباخ ) و جاء  معامل الصدق (0,965) مما يشير الي قوة الاداة في الثبات والاتساق الداخلي ،  وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من (قادة) مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة، تم أخذ عينة منهم بلغت (225) ، حيث كان الإناث (154) ، بينما الذكور (71) وقد أسفرت  نتائج البحث عن ضعف الاستجابة لصيانة الأجهزة المختلفة في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة ، كما كشفت عن ضعف محتوى التدريب الالكتروني في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة ؛ إضافة لتقليدية التطبيقات المستخدمة في المدرسة في مدارس مرحلة الأساس بولاية الجزيرة وأوصى البحث  بتضمين متطلبات القرن الحادي والعشرين ضمن سلم الترقي الإداري  لمديري مدارس مرحلة في الأساس ولاية الجزيرة، إضافة لتعيين فني حاسوب في مدارس مرحلة الاساس ليشرف علي  صيانة الأجهزة  وتشغيل التطبيقات المتجددة إضافة إلى مزيد من التعاون بين شركات الاتصال الرئيسة  - زين ، سوداني ،MTN  - وزارة التربية والتعليم خدمة للمجتمع في مجالي: التدريب لمدراء مدارس على استخدام الأجهزة الحديثة، وتوفير التطبيقات الحديثة و خدمات الانترنت للمدارس بسعر أقل.
تحليل بنية الجملة والميزات النحوية لنصوص الكتابة باللغة الإنجليزية كلغة ثانية
Authors: Abed Saleh Mohammed
Published: October 2021

يوفر تحليل نصوص متعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية الثانية  لغرض بناء الجملة فرصة للتعرف على مهاراتهم الكتابية والبناء عليها. يمكن للمدرسين أيضًا تحديد نقاط الضعف لدى الطلاب في الكتابة ويمكنهم استخدام استراتيجيات مختلفة لتطوير مهاراتهم في الكتابة. يُلاحظ أن الغرض من كل نص يتم تحديده من خلال اللغة والوسيلة المستخدمة للتعبير عن أهداف الكتابة لغويًا وعمليًا. استخدم التحليل الكمي والنوعي في هذا البحث  لتحليل النصين من أجل اكتشاف الأخطاء النحوية والنحوية.  حيث تم اختيار نصوص من المستويين الثاني والرابع من احد مراكز تعلم اللغة الانكليزية. سيبدأ هذا البحث في تحليل الجمل البسيطة والمركبة والمعقدة على التوالي.  بعض من نتائج هذا البحث هو  يواجه كلا الكاتبين بعض الصعوبات في علامات الترقيم والتكملة  وايضا المتعلم ذات المستوى الثاني لديه صعوبات في تكوين جملة كاملة مثل موافقة الفاعل والفعل بينما المتعلم ذات المستوى الرابع يواجه صعوبة في كتابة جمل طويلة.
Presentasi_Imunisasi
Authors: Nisa Nur Rahma
Published: October 2021

Imunitas berasala dari kata imun, kebal atau resisten anak di imunisasi berarti di berikan kekebalan terhadap suatu penyak, anak kebal atau resisten terhadap suatu penyakit tetapi belum tentu kebal terhadap penyakit yang lain. Imunisasi adalah suatu upaya untuk menimbulkan atau meningkatkan kekbalan seseorang secara aktif terhadap suatu penyakit, sehingga apabila suatu saat terpajan dengan penyakit tersebut tidak akan sakit atau hanya mengalami sakit ringan.
KESEHATAN IBU HAMIL
Authors: Nurmaeni Putri
Published: October 2021

Di Indonesia banyak terjadi kasus Kekurangan Energi Kronis terutama yang kemungkinan disebabkan karena adanya ketidak seimbangan asupan gizi (energi dan protein), sehingga zat gizi yang dibutuhkan tubuh tidak tercukupi. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan pertumbuhan tubuh baik fisik ataupun mental tidak sempurna seperti yang seharusnya. Pada Ibu hamil yang menderita Kekurangan Energi Kronis mempunyai risiko kematian ibu mendadak pada masa perinatal atau risiko melahirkan bayi dengan berat lahir rendah (BBLR)
BOSNA-HERSEK’İN BÖLÜNMESİ KONULU SLOVENYA BELGESİ BUK-YTO-BONN YETKİLERİNİN DEVAM ETTİRİLMESİNİN GEREKLİLİĞİNİ TEYİT ETMEKTEDİR
Authors: Tulun Teoman Ertuğrul
Published: October 2021

Bir süre önce yayınlamış olduğumuz “Bosna-Hersek’te Barışı Uygulama Konseyi ile Yüksek Temsilcilik Ofisi Neden Devam Etmelidir?” başlıklı AVİM analizimizde Barışı Uygulama Konseyi’nin (BUK) yetkilerinin, Bonn Yetkileri dahil olmak üzere, devam ettirilmesinin, anayasası çerçevesinde Bosna-Hersek’in egemenliği ve toprak bütünlüğünün korunması için gerekli olduğu görüşünü savunmuştuk.. Bu bağlamda, BUK Yönlendirme Kurulu’nun bir üyesi olan Türkiye’nin, Bosna-Hersek ile müstesna bağları olan bir Balkan ülkesi olarak, Yüksek Temsilcilik Ofisi’nin (YTO) devamı konusundaki kararların şekillendirilmesinde etkili olmak konusunda kabiliyeti ve sorumluluğu olduğunun altını çizmiştik. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin bu süreçte, geçmişte yapmış olduğu gibi, Bosna-Hersek’in egemenliğini ve toprak bütünlüğünü sadakatle savunup, Bosna-Hersek’i bölme yaklaşımlarına güçlü bir biçimde karşı çıkması gerektiğini vurgulamıştık.
KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI TINJAU DARI PARITAS DAN USIA
Authors: rahmayanti
Published: October 2021

Anemia pada ibu hamil sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas manusia yang akan dilahirkan dan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) generasi yang akan datang. Selain itu, anemia pada ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan kejadian abortus, prematus, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), serta dapat menyebabkan kematian pada ibu hamil pada waktu dan sesudah melahirkan. Anemia merupakan masalah yang dialami oleh 41,8% ibu hamil di dunia. Sekitar setengah dari kejadian anemia tersebut disebabkan karena defisiensi besi. Adapun prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di dunia yaitu diperkirakan Afrika sebesar 57,1%, Asia 48,2% , Eropa 25,1% dan Amerika 24,1% (WHO 2015). Prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Indonesia menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013 sekitar 37,1%.yaitu ibu hamil dengan kadar Hb kurang dari 11,0 gram/dl, dengan proporsi yang hampir sama antara di kawasan perkotaan (36,4%) dan perdesaan (37,8%) Infodatin Gizi (2015).
Perilaku Masyarakat Berdampak Bencana Banjir
Authors: Yusup
Published: October 2021

Seluruh Negara di Dunia memiliki permasalahan di lingkungan sekirtanya yakni di sebabkan keadaan alam dan manusia itu sendiri. Salah satunya ialah Negara Indonesia yang memiliki wilayah terbesar yang di dalamnya sungguh kaya akan dengan sumber daya alam akan tetapi sunggung memperhatinkan karena sumber daya alamnya sering di maanfaatkan tetapi tidak di perbarui kembali dengan ketentuan dan penyesuaian yang ada itu lah yang disebabkan oleh perilaku manusia. Manusia memiliki perilaku baik dan tidak baik, baik dan tidaknya itu dapat di nilai oleh peristiwa atau kejadian yang terjadi salah satunya ialah bencana banjir yang mana bencana banjir sangat lah mengancam suatu di kehidupan masyarakat maupunn mahluk lainnya yakni memakan korban jiwa, hilangnya tempat tinggal dan sebagainya. Maka dari sekarang lah perlu adanya tindak tegas dan bimbingan terhadap masyarakat untuk bisa menjadikaan lingkungan tetap terjaga walupun setiap kali mengunakan sumber daya alamnya.
KONSEP DASAR DALAM MEMPELAJARI MATA KULIAH ALGORITMA PEMROGRAMAN
Authors: PUTRI FARAH MUTIA
Published: October 2021

Dalam algoritma terdapat urutan langkah dalam menyelesaikan sebuah masalah. Langkah - angkah tersebut disusun secara sistematis. algoritma ialahsuatu tata cara dalam mengurutkan langkah - langkah yang berintegrasi, penggunaan dalam menyelesaikan masalah memiliki metode khusus dalam penyelesai suatau masalah yg nyata(Webster Dictionary).Algoritma memiliki tujan supaya kita dapat membiasakann diri dalam melaksanakan sistem perencanaan dari suatu masalah yang dihadapi. Denganpermasalahan tersebut dapat diselesaikan dengan perencanaan yang matang agar dalam menyelesaikan masalah kita dapat mengoptimalkan solusi yang tepat.Dengan begitu, penyelesaian masalah tidak bisa dilakukan tanpa menggunakan perencanaan. Pembelajaran suatu program sangat berbeda dengan pembelajaran suatu bahasa pemrograman. Saat pembelajaran program terdapat mengenai strategi tata cara dalam penyelesain sebuah masalah, masalah ini akan diungkapkan dalam wujud algortima yang sederhana mudah untuk dipahami dan dibaca sehingga dapat dituangkan lebih lanjut kedalam bahasa pemrograman. Belajar membuat program adalah belajar tentang strategi atau cara menyelesaikan suatu masalah, yang diungkapkan dalam bentuk algoritma yang mudah dibaca dan dipahami yang selanjutnya dituangkan dalam bahasa pemrograman. Sifat dari mempelajari program yang memahami persoalan, analisa dan sintesis.
Thermal comfort and energy performance of personal comfort systems (PCS): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Song Wenfang , Zhang Ziran , Chen Zihao , Wang Faming , Yang Bin
Published: October 2021

Personal comfort systems (PCSs) that are energy efficient have been widely used indoors to improve occupant thermal comfort and acceptability under a variety of indoor temperatures. Although numerous studies have shown that the use of PCSs has beneficial effects, definitive conclusions on the effectiveness of PCSs on thermal comfort enhancement have yet to be drawn. Furthermore, detailed analyses of specific indoor conditions that may be the most promising are lacking. As a result, a comprehensive meta-analysis review was conducted to summarize, analyze, and compare findings from eligible documented studies on the effects of various PCSs on occupants’ perceptual responses. Besides, the energy performance of various PCSs was examined. The effects of total cooling or heating area as well as types of PCSs, on occupants’ perceptual responses were specifically addressed. This meta-analysis and systematic review serve as a foundational reference source for the selection of highly energy-efficient and effective personal comfort systems to improve thermal comfort of indoor occupants.
Prevention strategies for refractive errors in users of electronic display screens: a systematic rapid review of the literature
Authors: Lema Sofia , Hernández José Esteban , García Andrea Carolina Reyes , Palencia-Sánchez Francisco
Published: October 2021

The prevalence of refractive errors has been increasing over time, and its correlation with the increase in time spent in front of electronic media and screens has been studied. However, the literature regarding prevention strategies for this phenomenon is scarce compared to that found for other conditions associated with the use of video terminals such as computer vision syndrome and dry eye syndrome. This review aims to compile the main prevention strategies for refractive errors, specifically myopia, associated with the use of electronic media. For this, a systematic rapid review of the literature in databases and gray literature databases was carried out, finding that the general recommendations focus on increasing outdoor exposure at least 120 minutes a day, maintaining a distance of at least 30 minutes. cm from the device screen, take breaksduring reading sessions and do blinking exercises, among others, as well as clinical measures such as the use of ophthalmic drops with atropine, glasses or multifocal lenses, and orthokeratology.
An Eigenvalue Analysis of Damping in Optical Thin Plasmas
Authors: Fajardo J. , Contreras Pedro L. , Ibañez S. M. H.
Published: October 2021

In this work, the behaviour of magneto-hydrodynamic waves in optically thin plasmas considering dissipative processes, thermal and magnetic diffusion, a given ionization, and the heating and cooling functions are investigated for several particular cases. A numerical eigenvalues analysis of the dimensionless secular equations according to various cases is performed for the entire set of MHD equations.
Antioxidant Activity and Nutritional Properties of Freshly Tapped Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer) Sap
Authors: Sivaji Maathumai , Aheeshan B.
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the antioxidant activity and the nutritional profile of the freshly tapped palmyra sap. Samples were collected in pre-sterile sample collection bottles from different parts of Jaffna peninsula and immediately transferred into an ice box. Pooled samples were centrifuged (1000rpm, 5 minutes) and the supernatant is stored at the refrigerator (4℃) for nutritional, and antioxidant analysis. The results exhibit that fresh sap consists of Na (15.3±0.14 mg/100g) and K (22.6±0.12 mg/100g), while the total ash content was 0.62±0.45 (g/100g). The total sugar content of the sap was 16.43±0.07(g/100g) and the reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar content were 2.16±0.32 (g/100g), 14.27±0.04 (g/100g) respectively. Sap exhibited a relatively low amount of fat 0.02±0.01 (mg/100g). DPPH scavenging activity with regard to IC 50 value was  1.36±0.35 mg/mL, and the total phenolic content and ascorbic acid content were recorded as 186±12.27(mg GAE/100g), 12.16±0.31 (mg/100g) respectively. It can be concluded that the fresh sap of palmyra is a good source of antioxidant properties and nutritional value.
ПРОБЛЕМА ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ЧАСТКИ ДЕРЖАВИ У ПРОЄКТІ ДОРОЖНЬОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА НА ЗАСАДАХ КОНЦЕСІЇ
Authors: Юрченко Анна
Published: October 2021

In the proposed article, an attempt is made to resolve one of the most pressing issues that arise when justifying the implementation of road construction projects on a concession basis. This is a question of state participation in co-financing the project. The task has a double limitation. On the one hand, the opportunities for state participation in such projects are limited by the financial resources of the State Road Fund. On the other hand, the state's participation is limited by the project's internal capacity to provide sufficient cash flow.The criteria for selection of projects implemented in the transport sector were studied. Additional requirements for the adequacy of expected cash flows have been formulated for projects that are expected to be implemented on a concession basis. The first step involves determining the creditworthiness of the project. The second is to ensure the required rate of return for private investors. The third step determines the need for state participation in co-financing the project and its respective share.
Entre o gosto artístico e o espetáculo popular: Alinor Azevedo e o argumento de Cidade ameaçada
Authors: Melo Luís Alberto Rocha
Published: October 2021

Este artigo discute a contribuição de Alinor Azevedo ao cinema brasileiro dos anos 1950-60. Para tanto, contextualizo o debatesobre a importância do argumento e do roteiro na afirmação de um cinema popular de qualidade. Como estudo de caso, discuto o filme Cidade ameaçada (Roberto Farias, 1960), com argumento escrito por Alinor Azevedo. Também são examinadas as relações entre a escrita do argumento e do roteiro e as formas de financiamento vigentes a partir da segunda metade dos anos 1950.
ALCALOSE METABÓLICA INDUZIDA POR BICARBONATO DE SÓDIO: MECANISMOS DE AÇÃO, DOSE UTILIZADA E EFEITOS SOBRE O DESEMPENHO EM CICLISMO DE ALTA INTENSIDADE
Authors: Correia-Oliveira Carlos Rafaell , Kiss Maria Augusta Peduti Dal'Molin , Kiss Maria Augusta Peduti Dal'Molin
Published: October 2021

A relação entre a alcalose metabólica e o desempenho esportivo tem sido investigada ao longo dos anos através de manipulações e alterações do pH sanguíneo e muscular. Entre as formas de manipulação do pH, o bicarbonato de sódio (NaHCO3) é o componente químico mais utilizado quando se pretende induzir um estado de alcalose sanguínea previamente ao exercício. Tem sido demonstrado que a ingestão aguda de 0,3 g?kg-1 de massa corporal (MC) de NaHCO3 parece ser eficaz em melhorar o desempenho em eventos de alta intensidade se consumido em torno de 90 minutos antes do exercício. Para a ingestão crônica, uma dose de 0,5 g?kg-1?dia-1 de MC dessa substância durante 5-6 dias seria benéfica para o exercício de alta intensidade. Esses seriam os limites em ambos os protocolos para induzir um estado de alcalose metabólica e posteriormente melhorar o desempenho sem promover ou atenuando qualquer sintoma relacionado à sensações desconforto gastrointestinal. Entretanto, alguns estudos tem revelado que a utilização outros protocolos de administração de NaHCO3 também foram eficazes em melhorar o desempenho, ao passo que outros não acharam nenhuma melhora no desempenho após a ingestão dessa substância. Dessa forma, serão abordados na presente revisão os principais aspectos envolvidos na ingestão aguda e crônica de NaHCO3, dando um enfoque aos mecanismos de ação dessa substância, especificações acerca do tipo de dose utilizada e seus efeitos sobre o desempenho em ciclismo de alta intensidade.
GANTI RUGI DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA ANTARA JAMAAH UMROH DENGAN PT FIRST TRAVEL ATAS KEGAGALAN PEMBERANGKATAN UMROH
Authors: Ayu puspita Lita , Setiyadi Tri
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi pada realita yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat bahwa PT First Travel sebagai penyelenggara perjalanan ibadah umroh (PPIU) yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 dan Peraturan Menteri Agama Nomor 8 Tahun 2018 sehingga telah mengakibatkan kerugian terhadap konsumen jamaah umroh. PT First Travel tidak menjalankan kewajiban sebagai pelaku usaha dan tidak memenuhi hak-hak konsumen jamaah umroh. Hubungan hukum yang bermula dar perjanjian jual beli jasa perjalanan umroh, konsumen akan diberangkatkan sesuai yang dijanjikan PT First Travel yakni 6 bulan setelah pelunasan pembayaran. Namun perjanjian ini diingkari PT First Travel sehingga harus bertanggungjawab untuk ganti rugi terhadap konsumen karena telah melakukan kelalaian dan kesalahan yang mengakibatkan jamaah gagal untuk berangkat umroh.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab PT First Travel yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dalam memberikan kompensasi dan/atau ganti rugi kepada konsumen jamaah umroh tidak dilaksanakan oleh PT First Travel, dan upaya hukum yang dilakukan dalam praktik yang terjadi di lapangan konsumen jamaah umroh dalam mempertahankan haknya untuk mendapat ganti rugi berakhir pada penyelesaian sengketa dengan mengajukan gugatan secara perdata kepada Pengadilan Negeri Depok.

Kata Kunci : First Travel, Tanggung jawab, Ganti Rugi, Penyelesaian Sengketa
Association of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s Disease: New Entity or Coincidence? A Case Series
Authors: Vrillon Agathe , Deramecourt Vincent , Pasquier Florence , Magnin Éloi , Wallon David , Lozeron Pierre , Bouaziz-Amar Élodie , Paquet Claire
Published: October 2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia have a strong clinical, genetic, and pathological connection but association of ALS with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is seldom reported. We report a series of 5 cases of AD associated with ALS. Our patients presented with cognitive deterioration with episodic memory impairment meeting criteria for AD. ALS occurred subsequently in all cases and its phenotype was not homogenous. Amyloid process was confirmed in four cases with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. One case underwent postmortem exam, demonstrating hallmarks lesions of both diseases. This series highlights that ALS-AD phenotype could be a specific underexplored entity.
A text-based multi-span network for reading comprehension
Authors: Chen Deguang , Ma Ziping , Wei Lin , Zhu Yanbin , Ma Jinlin , Gong Yuanwen , Zhou Jie
Published: October 2021

Text-based reading comprehension models have great research significance and market value and are one of the main directions of natural language processing. Reading comprehension models of single-span answers have recently attracted more attention and achieved significant results. In contrast, multi-span answer models for reading comprehension have been less investigated and their performances need improvement. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a text-based multi-span network for reading comprehension, ALBERT_SBoundary, and build a multi-span answer corpus, MultiSpan_NMU. We also conduct extensive experiments on the public multi-span corpus, MultiSpan_DROP, and our multi-span answer corpus, MultiSpan_NMU, and compare the proposed method with the state-of-the-art. The experimental results show that our proposed method achieves F1 scores of 84.10 and 92.88 on MultiSpan_DROP and MultiSpan_NMU datasets, respectively, while it also has fewer parameters and a shorter training time.
ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ЯК ЕЛЕМЕНТ ГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ АПК ПІВНІЧНИХ РЕГІОНІВ
Authors: Mustafayev Aziz , Naydenov Nikolay , Naydenova Tatyana , Zakhariev Radoslav Lyubomirov
Published: October 2021

The investment potential of the agro-industrial complex is a key element in the development of its economic system - the locomotive for improving the quantitative and qualitative parameters of this system. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essential phenomena of the investment potential of the agro-industrial complex of the regions of the north, to ensure its fullness and feasibility. The subject of the research is the identification of the role and importance of the main structural elements in the processes of formation and use of investment potential. The methods of economic research were: analysis and synthesis, system and complex approach, methods of studying economic operations, generalizations, historical and logical method, scientific abstractions, drawing and tabular methods. The establishment of the hypothesis consists in observing periodic changes in the state of the investment potential of the agro-industrial complex of the regions of the north. Summary of the main material. The main emphasis is placed on providing reliable sources of investment in the agro-industrial complex of the regions of the north with the necessary tangible and intangible assets - the transfer of their spheres and enterprises to a high-tech industrial and intellectual basis. The originality and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the investment potential is a key factor in the development of the economic potential of the agro-industrial complex of the regions of the north. The conclusions and prospects for further research are that the more full and high-quality investment potential the agro-industrial complex has, the easier it is to ensure its high efficiency and competitiveness, to strengthen the economic system as a whole.
Problems of Community Policing in Terms of Quarantine Restrictions
Authors: Селюков В. С. , Макаренко В. С.
Published: October 2021

There have been a large number of such events in the world over the past year that cannot be called ordinary. The most difficult of them is the public challenge of spreading the COVID-19 coronavirus. Ukraine is not an exception to the countries affected by the pandemic. Measures to overcome this problem involve the coordinated work both of all government agencies and society. The police, as one of the agencies that directly enforces certain restrictions caused by anti-epidemic measures, and the contact of the population and the authorities on law enforcement activity, must master new ways of carrying out professional activities.

The pandemic has complicated all public relations in the country without exception. Forms of realization of law enforcement function did not become an exception. Thus, the powers of the police have expanded to some extent due to the need to respect human rights’ restrictions in the context of combating the spread of the disease. Such functions are necessary, but their availability and necessity are questionable from the point of view of the population. The police have the duty to stop the offenses and prosecute those who violate the law regarding certain restrictions caused by the pandemic. At the same time, the majority of the population does not take seriously the appeals of health care authorities and quarantine requirements. This complicates the difficult relationship between the police and the public, since the latter does not perceive police activity in this case as legal and necessary. This leads to exacerbation of conflicts and contradictions. The constant confrontation between these entities significantly affects the level of security and quality of law enforcement activity.

The relevance of the study is explained by the importance of police actions in the context of ensuring the compliance of the population with quarantine restrictions. Besides, a large amount of negative material on the Internet provokes the population to negative perception of police activities. However, it may be successful period for the formation of trust, partnership between the police and the population in regard to the situation where solving the problem (spread of the pandemic) requires the mobilization of both the population and the government.

Given the above, the authors of the article have analyzed the key problems of community policing in terms of today’s challenges. The authors have developed propositions to improve the forms, methods and techniques of policing to maintain the appropriate level of public confidence in its activities.

The obtained results can be further used in scientific and practical activities. The work can become a basis for further research, ground for the implementation of new forms of activities by practical units. The results of the study should be also taken into account during further rule-making activities.
Actitud de los propietarios de MYPIMES de comercio hacia la negociación con proveedores: Un análisis de clúster
Authors: Londoño-Aldana Emperatriz , Navas-Rios Maria Eugenia
Published: October 2021

El protagonismo tanto económico como social alcanzado por las MIPYMES de comercio (tiendas de barrio), en Colombia, las ha llevado a poseer más del 60% de participación en el mercado de productos de gran consumo en detrimento de la participación de las grandes superficies en este mismo mercado. Sin embargo la capacidad de negociación con los proveedores es mínima dado el tamaño de cada unidad productiva. En consecuencia, el presente trabajo se aborda desde la  percepción que tiene el tendero de los tres elementos que él considera importantes frente a los proveedores se refieren a la capacidad de negociación, motivación para incrementar las compras y flexibilidad en los pagos. Para determinar los distintos segmentos o grupos de establecimientos comerciales se ha utilizado un tipo de técnica dentro de las denominadas genéricamente cluster análisis o análisis de grupos. En concreto, se ha aplicado un modelo descendente (breaking down), que está basado en el algoritmo de Howard y Harris, dado el tamaño de la muestra. Se han identificado cuatro grupos que con base en sus características particulares se han denominado: Sumiso, Explotados, Independientes y Líderes.Palabras Clave: venta por mostrador, calidad, variedad y precio de productos, crédito, trato a clientes, ubicación del establecimiento, oferta de todos los productos de la canasta familiar.
Cartagena de Indias: Globalizada desde su origen, fragmentada en su presente
Authors: Goyeneche-González Fredi Eduardo
Published: October 2021

El siguiente es un documento que pretende realizar una transversalización de la historia social de Cartagena de Indias con la intención de mostrar cómo esta se fue transformando en una ciudad globalizada desde sus inicios en función no solo de la diversidad étnica y cultural connatural a las diversas nacionalidades que llegaron a ella en condiciones de conquistadores y colonizadores mixturadas con las etnias aborígenes y la de los esclavos que fueron traídos para efectos de explotación económica pero que no impidió que se construyera simultáneamente una cierta identidad de cartagenidad peor que luego, producto de esa misma globalización y diferenciación excluyente de interés, ha tomado un rumbo que la fragmenta socialmente y destruye su sentido de identidad local.Palabras clave: Historia económica, Globalización, Economía pública, libertad de mercados, crecimiento económico.
La planeación agregada analizada desde el enfoque de la dinámica de sistemas
Authors: Vergara-Schmalbach Juan Carlos , Quesada-Ibargüen Victor Manuel , Manga-Altamar Melissa , Guardo-Vega Mario
Published: October 2021

El reciente interés que ha despertado la dinámica de sistemas como método para analizar los sistemas de producción a partir de la modelación de sistemas simplificados, ha permitido a investigadores probar diferentes estrategias aplicables en la planificación de la producción. En este artículo se muestra la utilidad de la dinámica de sistemas como herramienta para modelar sistemas de producción, aplicándola al desarrollo de un caso de planeación agregada. La ilustración del proceso y explicación de los resultados brindan al lector la posibilidad de comprender la importancia de esta herramienta en el análisis de situaciones reales para la toma de decisiones en entornos productivos.Palabras Clave: Análisis dinámico, Producción, Capacidad, Métodos de Simulación
La financiación del déficit del Gobierno Central: Sus costos económicos y la independencia del Banco Central en Colombia desde 1991
Authors: Parada-Corrales Jairo , Albor-Cepeda Cristina
Published: October 2021

Las finanzas del Gobierno Nacional Central de Colombia desde 1991 reflejan un patrón explosivo en el crecimiento de la carga de intereses de la deuda sobre el PIB, alcanzando niveles superiores al 4% Este comportamiento está estrechamente relacionado con la política de endeudamiento basada en las colocaciones de títulos de deuda en el mercado financiero a tasas oligopsónicas fijadas por el grupo de bancos compradores denominado Creadores de mercado. El presente trabajo va dirigido a establecer los efectos macroeconómicos de la reorientación de la política financiera de los déficits del gobierno central colombianos desde 1991, indagando a nivel teórico, institucional y empírico en las causas del crecimiento explosivo de la deuda pública interna observado desde que la Constitución de 1991, inspirada en los preceptos ortodoxos del Consenso de Washington y del Nuevo Consenso en Macroeconomía. Dichos preceptos privilegiaron la inflación objetivo y la imposibilidad de la emisión monetaria como una alternativa más económica para el financiamiento del gobierno central, lo cual obligó al Gobierno a acudir a recursos en el mercado financiero interno a costos económicos y sociales superiores a los incurridos en décadas precedentes.
Determinantes del Desempleo: Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Yánez-Contreras Martha , Cano-Hernández Kelly del Carmen
Published: October 2021

El desempleo es una problemática que tiene efectos importantes a nivel económico, social e inclusive familiar y personal. El presente artículo muestra los resultados de una revisión de literatura relacionada con aspectos históricos, teóricos y empíricos del desempleo. Los resultados indican que los primeros planteamientos teóricos se hallan en la escuela clásica y en el keynesianismo, conduciendo a los tipos de desempleo friccional, estructural y cíclico. Por otra parte, la teoría del capital humano tiene relevancia en el análisis del desempleo, pues determina en cierta forma la movilidad de empleados en puestos de trabajo. En el análisis empírico, se ha encontrado relación del desempleo con factores socio-demográficos, económicos e institucionales. Respecto al primero, se hallan la edad y estrato socioeconómico del individuo. En cuanto a lo económico se encuentran la política monetaria y el ciclo económico, mientras que en el ámbito institucional la reforma laboral también ha incidido en el comportamiento del desempleo.
Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral, una reflexión cualitativa en las universidades del departamento de la Guajira
Authors: Arismendy-Morales Melvis Josefina , Santis-Aguas Evelio José
Published: October 2021

Es una reflexión para la disertación cualitativa a una investigación realizada por Arismendy (1) para la obtención del título en Magister en Gerencia Empresarial de la Universidad “Doctor Rafael Belloso Chacin” de Maracaibo en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, acerca del enfoque de la relación existente entre el Clima Organizacional y el Desempeño Laboral en las universidades del departamento de La Guajira en Colombia, soportada desde teóricos como: Chiavenato (2), Brunet (3), Goncalves (4) Gibson y otros (5). Se plantea una situación problémica que busca incentivar la perspectiva cualitativa del mismo fenómeno estudiado, planteando premisas en las relaciones existentes entre el clima organizacional y el desempeño laboral; se propone un enfoque epistemológico desde la fenomenología de Husserl (6), con un método elegido dentro de la tradición cualitativa de la etnográfica planteado por Morse (1985) y otros, y un diseño del proceso para una nueva investigación sugerido por Bonilla y Rodríguez (7). Se plantean propósitos e interrogantes de caracteristicas cualitativas para la discusión respecto a los resultados concluyentes en el estudio realizado por Arismendy (1), los cuales pueden plantearse desde las perspectivas teóricas diversas acerca del fenómeno para encontrar la mayor significancia de datos cualitativos, de acuerdo a la oralidad de funcionarios informantes claves en el escenario de un análisis integral.
OVERVIEW OF DISTANCE ENERGY TRANSMISSION MEANS FOR POWERING AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN SAFETY
Authors: Halil V. , Zakurdai S. , Scurikhin V. , Donets O. , Zubenko D.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the issues of autonomous operation of electrical agricultural equipment based on the transmission of electricity over a distance. The main point of this article is that tractors that work in the field are driven by electric motors, with the need to use expensive batteries. The issues of the impact and safety of this technology on the environment and humans are considered.
The main problem of the creation, maintenance and operation of transport equipment, including agricultural equipment, is the high cost of maintenance and fuel, which are constantly increasing. In addition, the environmental problem, which has become so acute in recent years, global warming, the fuel crisis and the need to transfer all transport equipment to electric traction, make us look for new ways to solve the problem of environmental pollution and save resources, especially non-renewable energy sources.
The use of electrical energy for traction of agricultural machinery that work in the fields or in other industries has been used for a long time, and in the early stages of the development of transport, it was electric transport that occupied the main part, before the invention of the internal combustion engine.
Including at the Kharkov Tractor Plant there were developments (and still are), a prototype of the use of electric motors as the main unit for movement.
Based on the above, it is obvious that electric traction for transport is obviously environmentally friendly and safe, although there are a number of limitations in this matter as well, but the unresolved problems of the limited use of the storage battery force us to look for new sources of energy.
This article proposes to consider the possibility of using electric traction for agricultural machinery with the supply of operating tractors in the fields with the help of a directed electromagnetic wave with its transformation into electrical energy, which will be supplied to the electric motor.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ROUGHNESS FORECASTING MODEL OF COATING OF NON-RIGID ROAD PAVEMENT COATING
Authors: Batrakova A. , Sarkisian H. , Zakharova E.
Published: October 2021

To ensure safe, comfortable driving at high speeds, a strong, even surface is required for the entire life of the pavement. In this regard, the issue of predicting changes in the equality of coverage over time is very important. The article considers the peculiarities of changing the longitudinal equality of the road surface. Purpose is to improve the model of forecasting the equality of non-rigid pavement. Methods – analytical and experimental.
The analysis of existing decisions on the issue of forecasting the equality of coverage is performed. The most important factors influencing the change in the equality of road coverage have been identified. Based on the analysis of theoretical models and a number of experimental data, an improved model for predicting the equality of coverage of non-rigid pavement is proposed. MathCAD and MS Excel were involved in the development of an improved model that takes into account the most important factors. The model of change of coverage roughness, where increase in the roughness index over time is considered as a function of such parameters, is improved: the modulus of pavement elasticity (actual or required); the number of load cycles for t years of pavement operation; the share of trucks in the traffic flow; the factor of safety margin of the pavement structure. The adequacy of the developed model of changing the roughness of coverage is confirmed by statistical processing of experimental data obtained by the thesis author and other researchers on public roads with different service life, and calculated data under the theoretical model. The Pearson correlation coefficient between experimental and calculated data is more than 0.95, which indicates the adequacy of the developed model.
Compared to the well-known models of forecasting coverage roughness, the improved model allows to apply a wider range of values of the general equivalent modulus of elasticity of pavement design (from 100 MPa to 600 MPa) and to receive forecast values of roughness for service life of non-rigid pavement over 5 years.
Acoso escolar: diferencias en contextos educativos rural y urbano, en alumnado adolescente
Authors: Mendoza-González Brenda , Cervantes-Herrera Ana del Refugio , Pedroza-Cabrera Francisco Javier
Published: October 2021

El estudio del acoso escolar desde una perspectiva ecológica y social permitirá sentar las bases para construir programas de atención y prevención, considerando las características del contexto. Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer diferencias en secundarias públicas rurales y urbanas, con respecto a variables de género, el tipo de acoso escolar empleado, disponibilidad para solicitar apoyo, y los roles que se exhiben al participar en episodios de acoso escolar. Los resultados permiten señalar que tanto en el contexto rural como urbano, no hay diferencias de género con respecto al tipo de agresión que usan para dañar; respecto a los roles con los que participan en episodios de acoso escolar, se identifica que en ambos contextos son los mismos roles; sin embargo, los urbanos usan más la agresión grave y los rurales la exclusión, los alumnos en el contexto urbano están más dispuestos a solicitar ayuda que los del entorno rural.