bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicação De Princípios Da Indústria 4.0 Em Cervejarias Artesanais: Gestão Do Controle De Qualidade Via Aplicativo E Realidade Aumentada.
Authors: JáCCOMO GABRIELLE DE PAIVA , SIERRA ISABELLA DE SOUZA , CATAPAN MÁRCIO FONTANA
Published: December 2021

Cervejarias artesanais, apesar de terem suas especificidades, tendem a ter um processo de produção parecido. Atualmente o controle de qualidade é feito por tirada de dados registrados manualmente em formulários de papéis para serem digitalizados posteriormente, e por se tratar de processos detalhados, somente o responsável o realiza. Essas diferentes etapas de manipulação de dados podem acarretar em erros por falha humana, e somente uma pessoa poder desempenhar essa função acarreta na não tirada dos dados em sua ausência. Assim, esta pesquisa propõe o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo mobile, dentro do contexto da Indústria 4.0, responsável pelo armazenamento de dados e utilizando a Realidade Aumentada (R. A.) como recurso visual no processo de controle de qualidade por meio de instruções modeladas em 3D e animadas. As aplicações foram desenvolvidas a partir de visitas de campo na Bastards Brewery, em Pinhais - PR, e foram testadas na fábrica pela biotecnologista, que aprova a digitalização e centralização dos dados no aplicativo e atesta a interatividade da interface e a didática das animações em R.A, afirmando que o recurso possibilitaria que leigos realizassem a tarefa. ,
Formation and Analysis of Synonyms in English
Authors:   Student, Uzbekistan State World Languages University Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Rashidova Durdona
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the formation and analysis of synonyms in English. For the implementation of the communicative and expressive functions of language, accuracy, expressiveness, a large semantic variety of vocabulary, the ability to strictly differentiate concepts, convey more and more subtle shades of thought and feeling are necessary. The need to differentiate the concept, to express the shades of thoughts and feelings, brings synonyms to life.
COVID-19 and Rheumatology
Authors: Graf César
Published: December 2021

Since the beginning of the Pandemic, declared by the WHO in January 2020 as a public health emergency, the world population has been submerged in a state of revolution of health, social and geopolitical order, with the pharmaceutical industry and scientists having to prioritize the development of vaccines and governments to experiment with preventive measures aimed at reducing contagion and transmission, in order to strengthen, restructure and reorganize the deficient health systems of developing countries.
Levels of type I interferon in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Erramuspe C. , Racca M. , Siemsen M. , Pelosso M. , Quaglia M. , Tissera Y. , Alonso C. , Savio V. , Albiero J. , Gobbi C. , Alba P. , Boffelli L. , Maccioni M. , Demarchi M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: type I interferon (IFN) is a cytokine that plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Different levels of this cytokine could explain the heterogeneity of this pathology and be useful to evaluate its activity.
Objectives: to determine the serum type I IFN levels in patients with SLE and evaluate its usefulness as a biomarker of activity. Material and Method: 16 patients with SLE (ACR 1997) and 16 controls. Methods: Disease activity (SLEDAI-2K), organ damage (SLICC), type I IFN (HEK-Blue- IFNα/β), anti-dsDNA antibodies (Indirect Immunofluorescence), anti-ENA antibodies (ELISA), C3-C4 (Immunoturbidimetry). Statistics: InfoStat/Instat/MedCalc. P values <0.05 were statistically significant.
Results: an increase in IFN concentration was observed in the SLE group respect to the control (p <0.05). Patients with IFN values above the cut-off point were associated with the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies (OR: 13.33; p<0.05). Hypocomplementemic patients and those with a SLEDAI-2K score greater than 8 had higher IFN levels compared to patients with normal complement and a lower index score, respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusions: these results suggest the importance that the determination of IFN type I could have for the monitoring of SLE activity.
Hypertrophic pachymeningitis and orbital tumor associated with Granulomatosis with polyangiitis: report of a clinical case
Authors: Argüello S. , Avatte M. , Larocca R. , Movía R.
Published: December 2021

A 65-year-old patient, with a diagnosis of Granulomatosis with Polyangeitis (GPA) of 18 years of evolution, whose debut was with respiratory failure and hemoptysis, receiving induction treatment with corticosteroids together with cyclophosphamide, and then maintenance treatment with azathioprine 150 mg per day, with periods of flare-up of the disease that responded to treatment with corticosteroids for short periods. He came to the clinic for a 3-month-long chronic headache refractory to treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), associated with left ocular proptosis and ipsilateral orbital pain. presenting elevated acute phase reactants (ers and c-reactive protein). It is evidenced by brain magnetic resonance with gadolinium, enhancement of the cerebral dura and cerebellum store, also presenting formation in the left orbit.
Estágio Supervisionado na Formação Inicial de Professores de Matemática: limites e possibilidades
Authors: Pires Maria Auxiliadora Lisboa Moreno , Mendes Iran Abreu
Published: December 2021

O estudo tem por objetivo discutir as demandas atuais de professores que ensinam Matemática num cenário de pandemia a partir do mapeamento na internet de pesquisas e estudos sobre a utilização de recursos tecnológicos para aulas remotas.  Trata-se de um estudo do mapeamento das principais tendências apontadas por especialistas em trabalhos recentes divulgados na internet, nos media de modo geral. Para análise recorreu-se a um conjunto de lives na internet de instituições como a Sociedade Brasileira de Educação Matemática (SBEM), as de Ensino Superior, Secretarias de Educação etc. além de outras fontes como publicações atualizadas de jornais e revistas do país, documentos oficiais do Ministério de Educação e dos sindicatos de professores de alguns estados. O estudo contribuiu para a reflexão e divulgação de alternativas metodológicas para o ensino de Matemática em ambiente de aprendizagem virtual, nos tempos atuais.

Palavras chave: Estágio Supervisionado. Aulas remotas. Ambiente de Aprendizagem virtual.
Vivências no ensino de Álgebra no 7° ano em contexto remoto a partir de uma experiência no Estágio Supervisionado
Authors: Das Chagas Isadora Barbosa , Ferreira Ana Rafaela Correia
Published: December 2021

Este artigo é um produto das discussões e práticas vivenciadas na disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) por meio de Ensino Remoto Emergencial diante da Pandemia de Covid-19. Destacamos os estudos e as discussões realizadas entre a estagiária e sua professora supervisora, durante as aulas de Matemática, especialmente sobre o ensino de Álgebra com foco na introdução ao estudo de equações. A partir de atividades práticas da sala de aula, busca-se refletir sobre duas perspectivas: uma delas é a análise das aulas de equação no 7° ano a partir de estudos sobre pensamento algébrico na Educação Matemática em contexto de Ensino Remoto Emergencial; a outra é o desenvolvimento desse estágio supervisionado e suas contribuições para formação do futuro professor. Utilizamos a transcrição das aulas síncronas realizadas, além das tarefas realizadas durante o trabalho assíncrono. Como referencial analítico, optou-se por alguns estudos da área de Educação Matemática, em especial, do ensino de Álgebra, bem como acerca de experiências de ensino, em contexto remoto. Concluímos que as práticas realizadas no estágio supervisionado, ainda que de maneira remota, contribuíram para vivência docente da estagiária e fortaleceram sua capacidade de mobilizar referenciais teóricos para responder as demandas que surgem em uma sala de aula de Matemática. As tarefas desenvolvidas com os estudantes do 7° ano nas aulas remotas sinalizaram a persistência de dificuldades no estudo de Álgebra e vivências importantes na formação do futuro professor.
Estágio Supervisionado na formação de professores de Matemática, na modalidade a distância: reflexos da pandemia
Authors: Araújo Helenice Maria Costa , Marin Douglas , Souza Junior Arlindo José de
Published: December 2021

Neste texto apresentamos os resultados de um estudo realizado por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso, cujo objetivo foi analisar as mudanças que ocorreram na componente curricular de Estágio Supervisionado, no curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, na modalidade à distância, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, no contexto de pandemia do COVID 19. Nos baseamos na conceituação de modelos pedagógicos conhecido por Arquitetura Pedagógica para analisar os dados gerados no estudo, sendo organizado por quatro aspectos: organizacionais, instrucionais ou de conteúdo, metodológicos e os tecnológicos. Destacamos como resultados os seguintes pontos: (i) fortalecimento na relação professor formador/professor supervisor /estagiário; (ii) mudança de postura do professor supervisor; (iii) o aluno-estagiário sendo o centro das interações; (iv) maior difusão da tecnologia. Esses pontos nos ajudam a reafirmar, que o estágio curricular é um espaço onde privilegia o aprendizado da futura profissão docente.
Para além das aparências: desafios e percepções diante da oferta do Estágio Supervisionado na Licenciatura em Matemática do IFCE campus Cedro no contexto do ensino remoto
Authors: Lima Francisco José de , Da Silva Roberta
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever e discutir sobre estratégias de ações para a oferta das disciplinas de Estágios Supervisionados no formato remoto, como alternativa face ao período de suspensão das atividades de ensino presenciais. Com abordagem qualitativa, o trabalho caracteriza-se como estudo de caso e tomou como objeto de análise documentos que tratam sobre a retomada do componente curricular nas licenciaturas, com enfoque de análise no plano de trabalho do curso de Matemática do IFCE, campus Cedro e seus desdobramentos. As discussões apontam proposições e orientações institucionais para a realização dos estágios no formato remoto e seu respectivo plano de execução no curso, discorrendo sobre memórias, desafios e percepções de futuros professores, ressaltando-se a impossibilidade de contato com professores formadores e professores regentes assim como o impedimento da convivência com o ambiente pedagógico da escola e com suas rotinas de trabalho. Além desses aspectos, destacam-se a falta de estrutura para o trabalho remoto, principalmente, energia elétrica, acesso à internet, computadores e aparelhos celulares, além de ausência de espaços adequados em domicílios da maioria desses professores e estudantes, elementos que implicam em dificuldades e limitações para a realização do trabalho pedagógico e, consequentemente, do Estágio Supervisionado em Matemática.
Estágio Supervisionado na formação inicial do docente de matemática no contexto do ensino remoto: reflexões sobre a experiência do Instituto Federal de Brasília - Campus Estrutural
Authors: Souza Juliana Campos Sabino de , Soares Wembesom Mendes
Published: December 2021

O presente relato de experiência é resultado de uma reflexão sobre a oferta das disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado na Licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal de Brasília - Campus Estrutural no contexto do ensino remoto. O ensino remoto debatido neste relato ocorreu nos anos de 2020 e 2021 devido à crise sanitária provocada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19). Em virtude dessa pandemia, as aulas presenciais foram suspensas, na maior parte das escolas brasileiras, sendo adotado o ensino remoto. Ao longo do relato será descrito como foi a oferta das disciplinas de estágio supervisionado II e III no referido curso e serão debatidos seus impactos e desafios. O desenho estrutural do relato de experiência se deu inicialmente por uma pesquisa bibliográfica, também foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de forma a compreendermos a importância do Estágio Supervisionado na formação inicial de professores e contextualizarmos a temática no ensino remoto, além de apresentarmos percepções dos vários atores envolvidos na execução do Estágio Supervisionado em formato remoto. Assim, realizou-se o levantamento de informações em documentos oficiais norteadores da formação de professores, portarias ou resoluções recentes correlatas ao ensino remoto, atas de Colegiado, Planos de Trabalho do Estágio supervisionado, Relatórios de Frequência, Fichas de Avaliação, formulários específicos do componente curricular, diários de classe, apresentação dos trabalhos dos alunos da disciplina, dentre outros. Foram analisados os dados das referidas turmas referentes aos semestres de 2020.1, 2020.2 e 2021.1, sendo 14 alunos de Estágio II e 13 alunos de Estágio III.  Alguns alunos da Licenciatura em matemática destacaram que foi uma experiência interessante, pois aprenderam bastante quanto ao uso de tecnologias no ensino de matemática, outros alunos citaram, nas aulas de estágio e nos relatórios, o quanto aprenderam durante esse período de estágio supervisionado sobre o uso de diversas possibilidades tecnológicas e estratégias relacionadas ao ensino de matemática. Ressalte-se, ainda, que diversos graduandos relataram dificuldades referente a realização dos estágios, os desafios foram vários, tendo que improvisar espaços de estudo, enfrentando problemas de conexão e de ruídos, desmotivação, dentre outros fatores.
O ESTÁGIO CURRICULAR SUPERVISIONADO NA COMPREENSÃO DE LICENCIANDOS: PERSPECTIVAS, DESAFIOS E APRENDIZAGENS
Authors: Felcher Carla Denize Ott , Ferreira André Luis Andrejew
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar as perspectivas e os desafios compreendidos por estagiários que vivenciaram as experiências do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado, assim como as aprendizagens nelas construídas. Trata-se de uma investigação predominantemente qualitativa, com análise de questionários pré-estágio e pós-estágio, ambos com questões abertas e também análise de portfólios virtuais construídos pelos estagiários ao longo do período de estágio.  Os dados produzidos apontam que, entre perspectivas e desafios, os estagiários citaram: aprendizagem matemática por parte dos estudantes; organização, planejamento e uso de metodologias diversificadas. Em relação às aprendizagens construídas, lidar com os imprevistos foi a mais citada. Por fim, os estagiários consideram a experiência significativa e de grandes aprendizagens, contribuindo para reafirmar a escolha profissional, ou seja, ser professor de Matemática.
Estágio Supervisionado em Matemática e a Espiral Formativa: uma experiência vivenciada em aulas presenciais e remotas
Authors: Miola Adriana Fatima de Souza , Jorge Nickson Moretti , Pereira Patrícia Sandalo
Published: December 2021

Este trabalho foi construído no Grupo de Pesquisa Formação e Educação Matemática, apresentando um diálogo das atividades do estágio curricular supervisionado desenvolvido em dois momentos, que foram o presencial, a partir de uma pesquisa de doutorado com licenciados do curso de Matemática, e no remoto, vivenciadas em uma disciplina de estágio supervisionado para o ensino médio. Ambas as atividades, nos dois formatos, foram fundamentadas na perspectiva metodológica da Espiral Formativa. Tem como objetivo articular o que atualmente estamos percebendo no estágio curricular supervisionado de forma remota e um formato de estágio presencial. Consideramos, desse modo, que o estágio presencial possibilita a vivência do futuro professor no seu campo de trabalho, que é parte fundamental para construção do ser docente. Já no estágio remoto, identificamos que embora os espaços de trabalho tenham sido modificados pelas medidas de biossegurança devido a covid-19, exigindo novas ferramentas educacionais, enfrentamos muitos desafios, mas também experimentamos muitas possibilidades de ensino, principalmente no que se refere aos recursos digitais. Outro ponto que destacamos é que a metodologia adotada na perspectiva colaborativa teve grande contribuição na formação de professores no modo presencial, assim como no modo remoto, por ser uma abordagem que valoriza a reflexão docente.
The oath in labour arbitrations: Critiquing an arbitrator’s prerogative to swear in witnesses
Authors: Matlou Dennis
Published: December 2021

Can the oath, affirmation, or admonishment really be selectively administered on some witnesses but not on others? Sworn testimony is one of the most important features of the law of evidence. It is central not only to the continental system of law but also the common-law system on which our South African law of evidence is based. Witnesses testifying in formal court proceedings are required by statute law to swear an oath or make an affirmation or be admonished as to the truth of their testimony. But why is the same requirement not obligatory in statutory labour tribunals, where presiding officers have the prerogative to decide if they require witnesses to be sworn in prior to testifying? In this article, I criticise this prerogative for being ill-conceived, and advocate for its amendment.
The influence of aging treatment on the microstructural and mechanical behavior by ultra-micro hardness tester in Ni-rich NiTi alloy
Authors: Le Sénéchal Naiara Vieira , Teixeira Rodolfo , Rodrigues Patrícia Freitas , Ribeiro Shimeni Baptista , Paula Andersan dos Santos
Published: December 2021

The present study aims to assess the superelasticity behavior in Ni-rich NiTi alloy wire produced by rotary forging process. The thermomechanical process involved four steps of hot working at 800ºC, two steps of cold working with solution heat treatment at 800ºC between them, and subsequently a solution heat treatment (950ºC during 2 hours) followed by aging treatment at 350, 400 and 450 ºC during 30 minutes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and instrumented ultra-micro hardness testers evaluated the present phase at each aged sample and were compared with their mechanical behavior. The results put in evidence the work-hardening effect on a forged condition associated with the final step of cold rotary forging. The solution treatment promotes stress relaxation and precipitate dissolution. The sample heat-treated shows the presence of the precipitated (Ni4Ti3) and R phase. The presence of these precipitates is beneficial because precipitation-hardening increases the yield strength of austenite, which in turn contributes to better functional stability.
O PNAIC e a produção de textos escritos: uma reflexão acerca do material formador
Authors: Martinelli dos Santos Lainy , Bomfante dos Santos Zaira
Published: December 2021

O presente trabalho consiste em uma reflexão a respeito dos cadernos de formação do Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC), programa de formação continuada de professores alfabetizadores. O objetivo do estudo consiste na compreensão do modo com que os cadernos trazem o ensino e a aprendizagem da Língua escrita, dando ênfase para a produção de texto, seu conceito e aplicação no processo de Alfabetização. Ancoramos nossa visão de Linguagem na perspectiva sociointeracional, a partir das contribuições de Bakhtin (1992), compreendendo-a como um espaço dialógico, potenciador de interações sociais e desenvolvimento humano. Adotamos, para o estudo, a pesquisa bibliográfica como metodologia, observando as teorias e atividades presentes nos materiais didáticos disponibilizados pelo Pacto. Entendemos que o PNAIC nasce como uma política educacional para melhoria da educação no campo da Alfabetização. Portanto, compreender os conceitos e teorizações presentes nos cadernos acerca da Língua escrita nos indica o tipo de educação que se pretende desenvolver nas salas de aula. Podemos afirmar, portanto, que as ações realizadas pelo PNAIC constituíram intervenção necessária para melhoria do processo de Alfabetização. No entanto, devemos nos alertar para o fato de que os problemas na Alfabetização não serão sanados somente pelo professor. É necessário desviar o olhar para além dos profissionais, creditando mudança a todos os contextos escolares, desde a formação docente às estruturas físicas.
teatro no papel
Authors: Souza Lemos Taiana
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivos difundir e refletir sobre  estratégias para o ensino de teatro desenvolvidas de maneira emergencial no contexto da pandemia pela Covid-19. Serão apresentadas estratégias elaboradas por uma docente que atua na Rede Municipal de Educação de Salvador.  A intenção de refletir sobre ensinar teatro sem interação via internet tendo como via de comunicação material apenas orientações e tarefas impressas em p&b, traz à tona a necessidade de olhar criticamente para o contexto político em que o ensino remoto está inserido, as condições estruturais para alcançar as/os estudantes e como o ensino de teatro é especificamente atingindo em decorrência da ausência de fundamentos e condições que propiciem o ensinamento de uma linguagem artística essencialmente presencial.
Experiências artístico-pedagógicas com estudantes do Ensino Médio da Rede Pública do estado do Maranhão
Authors: Passos do Nascimento Andressa , Nascimento Cabral Fonseca Michelle
Published: December 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar o processo de composição estética-artístico dos estudantes-atores/ atrizes que participaram da montagem do espetáculo “O Cavaleiro do Destino”, uma produção artística realizada com estudantes do ensino médio da escola Liceu Maranhense. Entende-se que os processos pedagógicos são também processos artísticos, por isso, utilizamos a análise de documentos (entrevistas, relatórios, plano de aulas), baseados na genética teatral, assim como as metodologias utilizadas nas oficinas e as estratégias/técnicas utilizadas para composição da encenação, tendo como base principal os autores Grotowski (1997), Ferancini (2003). Realizamos, assim, com essa linguagem artística, um movimento tático de reinvenção do cotidiano escolar, a partir das oficinas. Por fim, trago como formato de ensino, oficinas extracurriculares, que agregam ao ensino do teatro, e como um estudo sobre o corpo abre os caminhos de um redescobrimento maior de si.
Ensino para o Ensino das Artes
Authors: Moratori Roberta , Morila Ailton Pereira
Published: December 2021

Este artigo, ao caminhar em direção aos sentidos na-da formação docente, encontra em descaminhos a possibilidade de fazer sentido através de uma práxis da desenformação docente, sobretudo dos docentes das-nas Artes. O desenformar enquanto tirar da fôrma no desinformar convocando os sentidos em experimentações e estudos na perspectiva de ficcionar o real para poder pensá-lo, busca trazer funcionamento ao hífen da aprendizagem-ensino, da teoria-prática, do conteúdo-forma, do sensível-inteligível, conferindo o movimento em tempo-espaço necessário ao conhecer, para poder ignorar.
PAULO FREIRE VIVO
Authors: Fontenele Leão Fernando Antônio , De Albuquerque Figueiredo João Batista
Published: December 2021

A Pandemia de Covid-19 tem nos exigido mudanças de hábitos para atender a medidas sanitárias. Essa situação tem gerado posições divergentes na sociedade entre quem se dispõe a cumprir as diretrizes e entre quem reivindica liberdade para agir como bem entender. Discussões sobre liberdade passam a ser comumente vistas em postagens de redes sociais e em manifestações de rua. Mas de que tipo de liberdade essas pessoas estão falando? E o que essa liberdade tão falada hoje tem a ver com a liberdade que discutimos constantemente com as/os estudantes na práxis diária, de base freireana? Esse texto, então, parte de um assombro: como a palavra liberdade pode ser empregada para embasar posturas completamente opostas? Discutiremos o tema da liberdade, em Paulo Freire, em diálogo com uma experiência concreta de ensino-aprendizagem, com estudantes de Licenciatura em Teatro, do IFCE. Na disciplina Metodologia do Ensino em Teatro, a turma organizou e realizou uma ação de extensão universitária, com atividades de arte/educação, em um território camponês, na Chapada do Apodi, Ceará, com base numa perspectiva libertadora. A experiência apresenta um caminho possível para a construção do que Freire considera ser uma educação como prática da liberdade
Entre o invento e o já sabido
Authors: Bezerra de Souza Henrique
Published: December 2021

O artigo reflete sobre as possibilidades que a ação docente possui para agenciar processos artístico-pedagógicos que fomentem a autonomia das pessoas participantes, de modo que elas se vejam capazes de elaborar, organizar, criticar e fruir um processo cênico. Para tanto, toma como ponto de observação algumas das inquietações que surgem nas orientações de estágio curricular supervisionado do curso de Licenciatura em Teatro da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC). Por meio delas, traça um paralelo com as reflexões freireanas a respeito do universo vocabular como um ponto de partida possível para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem em teatro. Por fim, analisa um exemplo vivenciado em um destes campos de estágio, relacionando os acontecimentos à reflexão aqui empreendida
On elevating the reliability of the hygienic assessment of water quality of natural sources of drinking water supply
Authors: Rakhmanin Yury A. , Rosental Oleg M.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. As new toxic substances accumulate in water bodies, improving the reliability of the hygienic assessment of water quality is put forward in the first place. For the correct solution of this problem, it is relevant to use the direct comparison of deterministic quantities such as the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of toxic pollutants with the result of its measurements (C) and methods of approach for evaluating the results of research. Material and methods. To improve the reliability of hygienic assessment of water quality in the proposed method tolerance control, envisaging the elucidation of the implementation type inequality and estimation of the probability of this event: where is the risk of false imprisonment. The number of concurrent measurements of water quality parameters guaranteeing an acceptable level of risk of error of research results is established by the authority of sanitary-epidemiological supervision, receiving a limited level of tolerable error taking into account the possibilities of metrological assurance of conformity assessment/quality of water and its normative level. Results. It is shown that in cases when the compliance of controlled safety indicators is evaluated, the values of which are limited on both sides, as is the case when studying the physiological usefulness of water, it is necessary to establish a two-way range of values of the permissible probability of violation of the specified requirements. Conclusion. First installed: the rule “if it is impossible to argue that controlled water quality indicators do not meet hygienic requirements. Thus requirements are met” is not equivalent to the law “if the indicators meet the requirements, then they can’t be inappropriate”, which more reliably indicates compliance with these requirements.
Accumulation of heavy metals in the soil – plant system in areas with the developed mining industry
Authors: Allayarova Guzel R. , Larionova Tatiana K. , Daukaev Rustem A. , Afonkina Svetlana R. , Aukhadieva Elvira A. , Kurilov Mikhail V. , Musabirov Dmitriy E. , Zelenkovskaya Evgeniya E. , Fazlieva Anna S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The proximity of mining enterprises to settlements contributes to the pollution of the soil cover with heavy metals. Crops grown in garden plots accumulate chemical elements and are an intermediate link in the “soil - plant - human” chain. Purpose of the work. Assessment of the level of anthropogenic load on the territory adjacent to the mining enterprise, based on the study of the translocation of metals in the soil - plant system. Materials and methods. For the purpose of hygienic assessment of the chemical composition of the soil and vegetable products grown on it, the content of 7 microelements was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. With the help of the coefficient of concentration of a chemical substance (Kc) and the total indicator of pollution (Zc), the level of chemical contamination of soils was determined. Using the total coefficient of anthropogenic load (Ka.n. = ∑Ci/PDUi), the territory was ranked according to the contamination of vegetables with toxic elements. The rate of accumulation of metals by vegetable crops was assessed by the coefficient of biological absorption (Ax) and the index of biochemical activity of the species (BAS). Results. The soil cover in the district is contaminated with a complex of metals, the content of gross forms of which exceeds the MPC by up to 1.9 times, mobile - up to 4.6 times. At a distance of up to 5 km around the mining enterprise, the maximum indicators of the total soil pollution (Zc = 44-65) have been established. Lead and zinc are elements of “biological accumulation” for all types of studied vegetable products grown in the zone of influence of the mining enterprise; cadmium is additionally concentrated in beets and carrots, and nickel in carrots. In vegetable samples, exceeding the permissible levels of cadmium and lead was noted. The most significant accumulation of heavy metals was found in the southern, southeastern, northern and northwestern directions from emissions. Conclusion. To eliminate the toxic effects of heavy metals in vegetables produced in the zone of influence of mining enterprises, it is recommended to include additional monitoring of nickel and zinc content in the social and hygienic monitoring system.
Xenobiotics and products of their transformation in wastewater (literature review)
Authors: Savostikova Olga N. , Mamonov Roman A. , Turina Irina A. , Alekseeva Anna V. , Nikolaeva Natalya I.
Published: December 2021

Many different chemical pollutants get into the hydrosphere with wastewater. An essential source of xenobiotic transfer into the aquatic environment is wastewater treatments plants. The widespread use of drugs, personal care products, cosmetic products, household chemicals, disinfectants and insecticides is directly reflected in their presence in the aquatic environment. It is the reason for the appearance of these chemical components and products of their transformation in surface waters, groundwater, and drinking water. Besides, various industries lead to the formation of a large amount of wastewater contaminated with textile dyes, oil products, silicones, phenols and their derivatives, phthalate ethers, bisphenol A and other substances capable of causing harm to water bodies, harming aquatic biota or even inflicting damage to ecosystems. Substances that have entered wastewater can be transformed into many other compounds during water purification and afterwards under environmental factors. The transformation products can be more toxic than the parent compounds, and some can convert back to the parent compounds under various factors. The search of sources describing researches dedicated to pollutants and their transformation in aqueous systems was carried out in the English-speaking text databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Research Gate, Springer Link and scientific electronic library - eLIBRARY.ru.
Impact of forest fire smoke on the state of the central nervous system of rats
Authors: Sosedova Larisa M. , Vokina Vera A. , Novikov Mikhail A. , Andreeva Elizaveta S. , Rukavishnikov Viktor S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The adverse negative effect of forest fire smoke on human health represents a unique interdisciplinary challenge to the scientific community. The influence of forest fire smoke on locomotor activity, cognitive indices, and brain bioelectrical activity parameters in exposed rats is presented. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on outbred white male rats. The animals of the experimental group were exposed to smoke inhalation forest fire for one day. Immediately after the end of the exposure, the animals were examined, including testing in an open field and Morris water maze, as well as an electroencephalographic examination. Results. At twenty-four-hour exposure to wildfire smoke in the model, conditions showed increasing motor and research activity of male rats against the backdrop of growing anxiety. Disorders of indicators of spatial memory and navigation learning were not revealed. On the encephalogram of the exposed animals, in comparison with the control group, the δ-rhythm range predominated, more pronounced in the leads of the right hemisphere. A decrease in the power spectrum and the average amplitude β1-rhythm, as well as a tendency to decrease the average amplitude of θ-rhythm, were revealed. The indices of the primary EEG rhythms did not have statistically significant differences when compared with the control group. Conclusion. The results showed that forest fire smoke leads to changes in the bioelectric activity of brain structures and dysregulation of individual behaviour in animals, all of which may indicate the formation of increased levels of stressing beyond physiological adaptation.
Air pollution in the working area of the laboratories of the petrochemical complex – a risk factor for reproductive health disorders in female workers
Authors: Gainullina Makhmuza K. , Karimova Lilija K. , Muldasheva Nadeshda A. , Valeeva Elvira T. , Munasipova Kadriya F. , Yakutova Aigul Kh. , Karimova Firuza F.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Protection of women’s health who combine work with maternity and care for children is one of the most critical areas of state social policy. The professional activity of female workers in harmful working conditions is associated with the impact of production factors on their bodies, which may also pose a potential danger to their reproductive health. According to Service of State Statistics (Rosstat), in the Russian Federation in 2017-2018, 22.8-23.4% worked in conditions that did not meet sanitary and hygienic standards, in the Republic of Bashkortostan - 20.6-21.7% of female workers. Materials and methods. The working conditions of female workers engaged in laboratory and analytical activities at petrochemical enterprises were studied. One hundred twenty measurements of noise, vibration, microclimate were carried out, 3074 air samples of the working area were selected and analyzed. The coefficient of summation of chemicals with a unidirectional effect of action and reproductive toxicity is calculated. Results. Hygienic studies found that female workers at the petrochemical complex were exposed to harmful chemicals, whose concentrations in the air of the working area were determined below the maximum allowable. These substances have a different nature of action on the body, including potentially dangerous to reproductive health. The summation coefficient of chemical substances with unidirectional effects and reproductive toxicity was in the range from 1.04 to 1.53, which, according to Guideline R.2.2.2006-05, corresponds to Class 3.1 of working conditions. There was an intensity of the labour process due to the three-shift nature of the work. Conclusion. Laboratorians, chemical engineers of the petrochemical complex were exposed to combined exposure to chemicals belonging to 2-4 hazard classes, many of which had a unidirectional mechanism of action and at the same time represented, to some extent, a potential hazard to women’s reproductive health. The overall assessment of working conditions of female workers corresponds to harmful class - 3.1, which requires the development of measures to reduce the occupational risk of violations of reproductive health.
Neurophysiological signs of changes in the functional state of the nervous system in patients with vibration disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shevchenko Oksana I. , Rusanova Dina V. , Lakhman Oleg L.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Neurofunctional state is an essential criterion in assessing the quality of the regulatory mechanisms of autonomic and somatic functions that determine the prognosis and course of vibration disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Objective of the study is to identify neurophysiological signs of changes in the functional state of the nervous system in patients with vibration disease caused by the combined effects of local and general vibration (VD com.) in combination with DM2. Materials and Methods. The group I included (n = 33) - VD com. patients, group II - 30 cases with VD com., burdened with DM2. We used neuroenergy mapping (NEM), registration of somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP). Statistica software was used for statistical processing. Results. Analysis of the severity of changes in DC-potential level in both groups established a statistically significant predominance of persons with an increased average DC-potential level. In group II, when compared with group I, there was an increase in the latency of components N9, N10, N11, N13, N18, N20, N25, N30, bipolar DC-potential level Cz-Pz, local DC-potential level in the central lead of the right hemisphere, decrease in DC-potential level in the central parietal region, bipolar pote ntials Fpz -Ts, Cz-Td, Pz-Oz. As a result of discriminant analysis, the following signs were obtained: indices of the latent period of the peak N13, the duration of the interpeak interval N10-N13, DC-potential level of the central parietal, right central, frontal right, frontal central leads. Discussion. The presence of DM2 in VD com. patients accompanied by disturbances in the neurofunctional state caused by a slowdown in the passage of an afferent impulse at the peripheral and central levels, a decrease in energy exchange in the frontal, central-parietal regions with its increase in the occipital, temporal parts of both hemispheres. Conclusion. Neurophysiological signs of changes in the functional state of the nervous system in VD com. patients with DM2 are a decrease in DC-potential level in the parietal central, frontal central, an increase in the latent period of the peak N13, the duration of the inter-peak interval N10-N13, DC-potential level in the central and frontal regions of the right hemisphere of the brain.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of hepatoprotector in acute liver damage by various toxicants in the experiment
Authors: Timasheva Gulnara V. , Bakirov Ahat B. , Mukhammadieva Guzel F. , Smolyankin Denis A. , Khusnutdinova Nadezhda Yu. , Karimov Denis D.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Acute liver damage with ethanol and its surrogates and chemicals remains an urgent problem. Therefore, studies of the use of hepatoprotector in acute liver damage by various toxicants in the experiment are relevant. The purpose of this study is an experimental evaluation of the use of ademetionine in the early stages of the toxic effects of carbon tetrachloride and ethanol. Materials and methods. The therapeutic effect of the drug “Heptor” in acute intoxication with carbon tetrachloride (subcutaneous administration at a dose of 2 g/kg) and ethanol (oral administration at a dose of 4 g/kg weight) was studied. Studies of metabolic processes in the liver were carried out based on biochemical parameters of rat blood serum. Results. The studies showed that normalization of metabolic processes was observed after introducing “Heptor” against the background of exposure to both toxicants. The therapeutic effect of ademetionine in the case of carbon tetrachloride intoxication had a positive impact after 24 hours of administration and persisted after 72 hours of the experiment. These provisions were based on the results obtained: the restoration of the activity of marker enzymes of hepatocytes (AsAT, AlAT, LDH), the concentration of uric acid and cholesterol, and the indicators of protein metabolism were revealed. The introduction of ademetionine after ethanol intoxication helped restore the function of hepatocytes, which led to the normalization of protein metabolism. The drug stopped hyperenzymemia, which confirmed its membrane-protective properties. Conclusion. “Heptor” has a regenerating, detoxifying and membrane-protective effect in acute liver lesions with carbon tetrachloride and ethanol. The obtained data confirm the universality of this drug, based on the possibility of using various mechanisms of therapeutic action, which allows us to recommend ademetionine as a hepatoprotector to prevent early liver damage when exposed to high doses of multiple toxicants.
Characteristics of the risk to the health of the population of the oil-producing region associated with environmental factors
Authors: Valeev Timur K. , Rakhmanin Yury A. , Suleymanov Rafail A. , Malysheva Alla G. , Gimranova Galina G. , Rakhmatullin Nail R. , Rakhmatullina Liliana R. , Baktybaeva Zulfiya B.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The activities of enterprises engaged in the production, preparation, transportation and primary processing of oil are associated with the formation and accumulation of a large amount of waste (spent drilling fluids, drilling mud, oil sludge, spent catalysts, etc.), which leads to pollution of environmental objects and can contribute to the formation of adverse effects on public health. Materials and methods. The sanitary and hygienic state of atmospheric air, soil, the water of surface (rivers, lakes) and underground (wells, wells, springs) water sources, the water of centralized water supply systems in the territories of large oil fields the Republic of Bashkortostan is carried out. The origins of information were data from many years of in-house research, the regional information fund of the Sanitary Hygienic Monitoring, and departmental laboratories. Results. Studies have found that in areas of oil production, the content of chemicals in concentrations exceeding hygienic standards is detected: in the atmospheric air - dihydrosulfide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide; in underground waters - chlorides, sulfates, nitrates, iron, strontium, increased mineralization and general hardness; in the soil - sulfates, chlorides, nitrates, petroleum products. Contamination of water from underground water sources and atmospheric air can contribute to the risk of adverse effects from individual organs and systems, as well as carcinogenic hazards. Based on the results of the study, ecological and hygienic recommendations were developed. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the level of public health risk associated with environmental factors in the oil-producing region was assessed, and a set of hygienic measures was justified.
Biomarkers of ageing in the study of occupational harm impacts (literature review)
Authors: Karimov Denis D. , Kudoyarov Eldar R. , Mukhammadiyeva Guzel F. , Ziatdinova Munira M. , Baigildin Samat S. , Yakupova Tatiana G.
Published: December 2021

Aging is an individual, complex biological process, modulated by internal and external factors, characterized by a progressive loss of biological / physiological integrity, which leads to body dysfunction, increases vulnerability and death. Influence of activity type on aging rate has been convincingly shown in many studies, which makes it possible assess differences in aging rate of workers, exposed various occupational factors, conditions, work nature and intensity in certain professional and seniority groups, adequately reflects health state and can predict effectiveness of human labor activity. As integral indicator, it can help identify individuals at risk of age-related disorders, serving as a measure of relative fitness and predicting later life disability and mortality, regardless of chronological age. The article provides an overview of the main measuring ageing rate methods based on biomarkers, such as functional (“Kiev model”, WAI) and molecular genetic biomarkers (determination of telomere length, β-galactosidase enzyme activity) of human ageing, applicable in occupational medicine. The review discusses the main requirements for biomarker sets compilation, methods applicability and reliability, mathematical approaches to biological age calculating, and some workers biological age calculating problems. This allows assuming the great potential for using biological age to assess the impact of working conditions and work nature on workers’ ageing rate to prevent disability and improve quality of life.
The impact of training future optometrists in community health centers
Authors: Moy Amy , Reilly Jennifer , Jimmerson Jonathon
Published: December 2021

Community health centers are a rewarding and rich career choice for future optometrists. As primary eye care providers, optometrists in these multi-disciplinary settings have the potential to make significant and lasting impacts on patients of underserved populations, to increase awareness surrounding cultural diversity and impact on healthcare, and to advocate for healthcare equity. This article discusses why community health centers can be a career destination for current and prospective optometry students, and provides examples of making an impact as a health center optometrist.
An Analytical Study of Working Capital Management of Selected Cement Companies in India
Authors: Abdulkareem Ahmed Mahdi , Chakrawal Alok Kumar
Published: December 2021

This article is to analyze and evaluate working capital management of selected cement companies.  The main purpose of this study is to find out the liquidity position of selected cement companies in India, five companies were selection .The duration of study is five years start from 2015-16 to 2019-20. Two ratios were used for the analysis of data: current ratio quick ratio. To test hypothesis ANOVA was used. The major findings of the study indicate that there are significance difference in the quick ratio and current ratio of selected cement companies. Based on the data analysis, there is a mixed trend in the current ratio during the year 2015-16 to 2019-20. The analysis also shows the ups and down in the quick ratio of the selected cements companies during the period of 5 year. It indicates that there is mixed trend in quick ratio during the year 2015-16 to 2019-20. Removing short-term debt from balance sheet allow companies to have better  quick and current ratios and allow to save some of liquidity  in the near term and put in to better use.  Companies are suggested to adopt more aggressiveness in maintaining their current rasio.
Public Funding of Research into Ethnological Activities in Andalusia (Spain): Boosting the Academic Career of Researchers
Authors: Jiménez de Madariaga Celeste , García del Hoyo Juan José
Published: December 2021

The advent of democracy in Spain and the establishment of the different autonomous communities marked the beginning of a process to transfer political, economic and other competences over Culture and Cultural Heritage. Following its creation in 1984, the Ministry of Culture of the Andalusian Autonomous Government incorporated a Directorate-General for Cultural Assets into its organisational structure and embarked on an ambitious programme of actions to support Andalusian historical heritage, including creation of a management structure, enactment of a specific heritage law and budget allocations for protection tasks. From the outset, a type of heritage little known until then emerged: ethnological heritage. Dynamic actions were also promoted to fund research into this area, including grants for ethnological activities, financing for publications and funding for ethnological symposiums.
This paper analyses the different ethnological activities carried out and their funding, and assesses the extent to which this investment favoured the professional development of teaching staff in the field of Social Anthropology in Andalusia, specifying the marginal effects and differentiating them according to gender and university size using binary choice models (Logit).