bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS IN BLOOD PLASMA OF PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS AFTER SARS-CoV2 INFECTION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tuharov Yurij , Dvorshchenko Kateryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

Background. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) in 2019 caused the development of pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since its onset, many symptoms of the disease have been associated with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as with long-term sequelae in patients with COVID-19. Among these symptoms are various categories of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis. It is known that the osteoarthritis development is associated with oxidative stress and excessive production of free radicals. Proteins are highly sensitive to oxidation by free radicals, so the level of their oxidative modification reflects the oxidant-antioxidant balance in the body. Methods. The study was aimed at determining the content of products of oxidative modification of proteins in the blood plasma of patients with osteoarthritis after SARS-CoV2 infection. All study participants were further divided into three experimental groups: Group I - conditionally healthy people, Group II – patients with grade 2/3 knee osteoarthritis, and Group III - patients with grade 2/3 knee osteoarthritis who suffered a mild or moderate COVID-19 6–9 months ago. The content of the products of oxidative modification of proteins was determined by the level of carbonyl derivatives, which are detected by the reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Processing of research results was carried out using generally accepted methods of variational statistics. Results. It was established that the content of products of oxidative modification of proteins (aldo- and keto-derivatives of neutral and basic nature) increased in the blood plasma of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joints who contracted COVID-19. The detected changes indicate a violation of the oxidative-antioxidant balance and the development of oxidative stress in the body of patients with knee osteoarthritis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions. Modification of the structure of blood plasma proteins can lead to loss of their biological function and disruption of metabolic processes in patients with osteoarthritis after the coronavirus disease.
Participant Experiences from a Randomized Controlled Trial of Heated Yoga for Depression
Authors: Nyer Maren B. , Ding Grace A. , Norton Richard J. , Nagaswami Megha V. , Tuchman Sylvie , Fisher Lauren B. , Hopkins Lindsey B. , Giollabhui Naoise Mac , Koontz Jill , Mason Ashley E. , Cusin Cristina , Foster Simmie , Yeung Albert , Jain Felipe A. , Sorensen Chloe E. C. , Streeter Chris , Miller Karen K. , Fava Maurizio , Uebelacker Lisa , Mischoulon David
Published: October 2024

Despite decades of research on yoga and depression, subjective experiences of participants in these studies have rarely been reported, and never in individuals receiving heated yoga for depression. We examined patient-reported qualitative findings from an 8-week randomized controlled trial of heated yoga for depression. Eighty medically healthy participants with moderate-to-severe depression were randomized to 8 weeks of at least twice-weekly heated yoga classes, derived from Bikram yoga, or a waitlist control. Fifty-seven participants received a clinician-administered exit interview at intervention completion/study withdrawal. The exit interview assessed: (1) how participants felt immediately following the heated yoga sessions (acute effects), (2) what they liked or found helpful about heated yoga over the 8-week intervention (positive effects), and (3) what they disliked/did not find helpful over the 8-week intervention (negative effects). Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Acute improvements in depressive symptoms (i.e., immediately following yoga) were the most commonly reported (n = 44, 77.2%), followed by overall positive effects on depressive symptoms (i.e., over the course of the 8-week intervention; n = 33, 57.9%), including improvements in sleep (n = 10, 17.5%), energy (n = 13, 22.8%), mood (n = 18, 31.6%), motivation (n = 2, 3.5%), and concentration/decision-making (n = 5, 8.8%). Overall negative effects (i.e., over the course of the 8-week intervention) included dislike of various aspects of the intervention (n = 19, 33.3%), such as instruction (n = 7, 12.3%), difficulty (n = 7, 12.3%), repetitiveness (n = 3, 5.3%), class length (n = 2, 3.5%), and boredom (n = 7, 12.3%). Most participants reported both overall positive and negative effects (n = 37, 64.9%). Of the rest, 19 (33.3%) reported only overall positive effects, and 1 (1.8%) reported only overall negative effects. Most participant experiences were positive. Negative effects were less common and primarily involved dislike of different aspects of the heated yoga. The findings support strong acceptability and subjective improvement in depressive symptoms in depressed individuals.
Visual detection of road cracks based on improved U-Net and morphological operations
Authors: Song Jiayuan , Chen Gang , Hu Zhiqiang
Published: October 2024

Road cracks are a common road traffic safety problem. Methods such as manual measurement of cracks do not facilitate large-scale inspections, which affects the normal operation of roads and the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. In this paper, a visual measurement technique based on
convolutional neural networks and morphological operations is proposed for automated and efficient detection of road cracks. This method adopts the U-Net network as the infrastructure, changes the backbone feature extraction network to the VGG-16 network and introduces multiple indicators
to establish a new loss function to alleviate the sample imbalance problem. Finally, the crack features are combined to perform morphological operations on the image to enrich the recovered detail features. After experiments on the road crack dataset, this method has better crack segmentation
capability and reliability compared to other algorithms.
YOLO-HLT: improved lightweight printed circuit board surface defect detection algorithm based on YOLOv5
Authors: Yang Bohao , Liu Wei , Wang Zhenzhen
Published: October 2024

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are extensively utilised in assembling electronic devices. During mass production, various surface defects may occur, necessitating effective defect detection. Traditional manual inspection, relying on personal experience, is subjective. With the advancement
of artificial intelligence, considerable research has been conducted on automating PCB defect detection. However, addressing the low accuracy and poor real-time performance of existing methods remains a challenge, particularly in identifying small defects against the complex background of
PCB substrates. In this paper, an enhanced you only look once-hybrid lightweight transformer (YOLO-HLT) model based on YOLOv5 for PCB surface defect detection is proposed. The three convolutions hybrid lightweight transformer (C3HLT) module replaces the cross-stage partial networks bottleneck
with C3 module in the backbone (feature extraction network), enhancing feature extraction and obtaining global information. Additionally, the three convolutions hybrid lightweight attention (C3HLA) module is introduced to the neck (feature fusion network) part for more effective feature fusion
and contextual information aggregation. Furthermore, to improve small target detection accuracy, a novel feature fusion layer is introduced in YOLO-HLT. Anchor box clustering using the K-means++ algorithm is also optimised. Experiments are conducted on a dataset from Peking University, demonstrating
that YOLO-HLT achieves an mAP50 of 98.3% and a recall of 96.4%, which are 3.7% and 3.0% higher, respectively, than YOLOv5s. Moreover, YOLO-HLT achieves 144.93 frames per second (fps), surpassing the 112.36 fps of YOLOv5s.
Role of Sounds in “The Primer: Children in Majdanek Camp” Exhibition at Majdanek State Museum
Authors: Posłuszna Joanna , Posłuszny Łukasz
Published: October 2024

“The Primer: Children in Majdanek Camp” is an educational exhibition devoted to the pre-war and camp fate of Jewish, Polish and Belarusian children. The exhibition is located in barrack 53 of KL Majdanek. The exhibition can be characterized as a scenographic, photographic and sound installation. The cacophony of sounds made by children playing during school breaks, their voices and the testimony of adult prisoners overlap. This overlap represents the palimpsest structure of time made of sounds. The sound aspect of the exhibition plays a key role in the reception of the exhibition. The time before the war is symbolized by the cheerful sounds of children. The time spent in the camp is not represented by the terrifying sounds of crying or screaming; it is replaced by a chorus of voices testifying to past events and is accompanied by the quiet sounds of a lullaby. Attention is drawn to the elements of the audiosphere of the exhibition – they illustrate children’s camp experiences, abandoning historical descriptions and boards, and using only eyewitness accounts and deeply symbolic objects. The exhibition is an interesting case of using relatively simple, yet strongly influencing the imagination of visitors, affective tools. Thanks to this, it was possible to avoid trivialization and oversimplification, as well as the information glut and didacticism known from conventional museums.
Perfectionism vs Social Media Awareness of One’s Own Appearance among a Group of Emerging Adults
Authors: Podniesiński Marcel , Pirogowicz Aleksandra , Mącik Dorota
Published: October 2024

The article attempts to analyze the relationship between three perfectionism scales, such as rigid perfectionism, self-critical perfectionism and narcissistic perfectionism, and one’s own appearance on social media among a group of emerging adults. The final sample size for the analysis was 174 participants aged 18 to 24 years. Methods used were the Big Three Perfectionism Scale (BTPS) and the Appearance-Related Social Media Consciousness Scale (ASMC) translated into Polish. The conducted reliability analyses showed a satisfactory level of internal consistency. Hypotheses were confirmed using linear regression analysis. The gender of the subjects and time spent on social media were also taken into account. Self-critical perfectionism was shown to explain variation in the social media self-awareness dimension to a greater extent than rigid perfectionism. Lower severity of the narcissistic perfectionism dimension was shown to explain variability in the social media self-awareness dimension to a lesser extent than self-critical perfectionism. Differences were observed between the perfectionism styles manifested in the context of social media appearance awareness among men and women. The presumed mechanisms explaining the results: comparison bias with dissimilar models, satisfaction of the need for self-validation, and differences in goals and motivations for social media usage.
Locus of Control and Emotional Responses as Determinants of Young People’s Preferred Coping Strategies in Social Conflict Situations
Authors: Borecka-Biernat Danuta
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to determine what role locus of control and emotional responses play in generating destructive (aggressive, avoidance, submissive) and constructive (task-oriented) coping strategies among adolescents in a situation of social conflict. The study made use of the Locus of Control Questionnaire (KBPK) by Krasowicz and Kurzyp-Wojnarska, the Three-Factor Inventory of Personality States and Traits (TISCO) by Spielberger and Wrześniewski, and the Questionnaire for Examination of Coping Strategies in a Social Conflict Situation (KSMK) by Borecka-Biernat. Empirical research was conducted in junior high schools and included 893 adolescents (468 girls and 425 boys) aged 13–15. The study results demonstrate that stronger external locus of control over positive and negative consequences of events and anger or anxiety reaction to conflict situations co-occurs with a tendency for destructive (aggressive, evasive, submissive) coping with conflict, while adolescent’s stronger internal locus of control over positive and negative consequences of events and curiosity reaction create greater opportunities for constructive (task-oriented) coping with a social conflict situation.
Word in the Teacher’s Hands (Word as a Didactic Tool)
Authors: Braumová Zdeňka
Published: October 2024

The teacher is bound to the word. The word can be a carrier of information, but also, e.g., a mood, forming relationships in the classroom. Through the word, the teacher interacts with others, especially pupils. The word can teach, educate, learn, share, but it also has a negative aspect when it does not interest, does not develop, deceives and leads to quarrels. The word has (no) power, not only in the school environment. The paper shows whether and how dialogue takes place in a selected school practice. Non-participant observation has been chosen as the method to investigate dialogue in schools. It was observed how communication takes place, how and what questions are asked, how they are answered, the atmosphere in the classroom, the role of the teacher, etc. This provided concrete information on how dialogue takes place in practice, what its attributes might be. The specific context of the teaching situation was captured in order to make recommendations for developing effective communication and relationships in a school environment where group diversity is natural and desirable.
Correlación y concordancia entre índice de masa corporal y perímetro abdominal para la detección de sobrepeso u obesidad en la población peruana, 2022
Authors: Guevara Tirado Alberto
Published: October 2024

Introducción: el índice de masa corporal y el perímetro abdominal son medidas antropométricas que podrían ser concordantes en la población peruana para el cribado de sobrepeso u obesidad. Objetivo: analizar la correlación y concordancia entre las pruebas de índice de masa corporal y perímetro abdominal para la detección de sobrepeso u obesidad en adultos peruanos. Metodología: estudio observacional, analítico y transversal basado en datos de la encuesta nacional demográfica de salud familiar. La población fue de 28960 adultos. Las variables fueron: índice de masa corporal y perímetro abdominal. Se utilizó la prueba V de Cramer, t de student, correlación de Spearman y kappa de Cohen. Resultados: hubo una asociación fuerte entre índice de masa corporal y perímetro abdominal en mujeres (V=0,701), moderada en hombres (V=0,632). En la prueba kappa de Cohen, ambas variables concordaron sustancialmente en mujeres (kappa=0,677) y moderadamente en hombres (kappa=0,580). Mediante el Odds Ratio, las mujeres con índice de masa corporal elevado tuvieron una probabilidad 97,22 veces mayor de perímetro abdominal elevado, mientras que en hombres con índice de masa corporal elevado fue 110,76 veces mayor. La correlación de Spearman fue muy alta y positiva en ambos sexos Conclusiones: el perímetro abdominal y el índice de masa corporal están asociados y correlacionados significativamente en adultos peruanos, presentaron una concordancia sustancial en mujeres y moderada en hombres. Se sugiere priorizar el uso del perímetro abdominal, debido a que distingue sobrepeso u obesidad según sexo, optimizándolo mediante la determinación de un punto de corte ajustado a la población peruana.
Seroprevalencia de toxoplasmosis en gestantes y recién nacidos: estudio de serologías IgG e IgM en un periodo de 4 años
Authors: Samudio Domínguez Gloria Celeste , Vera Franco Carlos Francisco , Centurión Espínola Rosa del Carmen , Soulodre Sthefany
Published: October 2024

Introducción: la toxoplasmosis es una parasitosis que causa infecciones graves en inmunocomprometidos y recién nacidos. El estado serológico de la madre influye en la posibilidad de transmisión al feto si la infección es contraída durante el embarazo. Es necesario conocer la prevalencia de esta afección en gestantes como primer paso para realizar acciones tendientes a conocer la carga real de la enfermedad y disminuir esta patología. Objetivo: determinar la seroprevalencia IgG e IgM de toxoplasmosis de gestantes y recién nacidos periodo de enero 2017 a enero 2021. Metodología: se incluyeron las gestantes en su periodo periparto inmediato y recién nacidos hasta la semana de vida extrauterina. Se midió IgG e IgM en sangre periférica por método ECLIA. El tamaño muestral calculado fue de 800 por grupo, para el periodo de estudio. Muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Resultados: fueron incluidos 2524 recién nacidos y 2029 gestantes. Las prevalencias de IgG fueron de 97,5 % y 97 % para gestantes y recién nacidos respectivamente, y la IgM: 4,7% y 1,9 % para mujeres y recién nacidos respectivamente. Las tendencias de las seroprevalencias se mantuvieron constantes para IgG para ambos grupos, mientras que la IgM presentó una leve tendencia al aumento. Conclusiones: la seroprevalencia de IgG fue cercana al 100 % en ambas poblaciones, probablemente debido a la transferencia transplacentaria de IgG, sin embargo, se nota un porcentaje pequeño de IgM, probable marcador de infección aguda.
Ética Clínica, Social y de Salud Pública: reflexiones y desafíos en la atención a dilemas éticos
Authors: Cabral de Bejarano María Stella , Recalde Ibarra Felipe , Martínez Núñez Imelda
Published: October 2024

Introducción: este estudio vincula premisas y fundamentaciones éticas, para el análisis de dimensiones involucradas en el diseño de políticas públicas de salud y reformas de salud, desde la perspectiva social, del ámbito clínico y de salud pública. Metodología: se utilizaron recursos tecnológicos y plataformas de búsqueda, aplica criterios de inclusión y exclusión para seleccionar artículos originales relevantes, a través de revisión sistematizada de la literatura, en bases de datos Medline, Ibecs, Pubmed, Scielo, BVS, Scopus, Web of Science, en inglés y español, acerca de la ética desde la perspectiva clínica, social y de la salud pública, organizando la información en tablas científicas. Resultados: las condiciones de vida digna de individuos de cualquier estrato social, se relacionan a las garantías de atención sanitaria y preservación de condiciones de vida que impactan directamente en la salud y el bienestar, debiendo ser respaldados por las instituciones y la sociedad. Conclusión: los marcos regulatorios, conectados a los derechos humanos, deben garantizar el acceso equitativo a la atención a la salud, sin discriminación, en el marco de la participación comunitaria, la privacidad y el dialogo social, influyendo en la formulación de políticas, la rendición de cuentas, la prevención de conflictos de interés y la evaluación continua de la efectividad, conducentes al más alto impacto de las intervenciones en salud.
Eritrodermia posterior a infección por Chikungunya: un reto diagnóstico
Authors: Da Ponte Rojas María Noemí , Montiel Centurion Judith Nelsi , Contreras Claudia Romina , Aldama Caballero Arnaldo Benjamín Feliciano
Published: October 2024

La eritrodermia es un síndrome inflamatorio cutáneo grave que se caracteriza por eritema y descamación generalizada en más del 90 % del cuerpo. Este síndrome puede ser la etapa final de diversas enfermedades dermatológicas o el inicio de ciertas patologías como la psoriasis, que es la causa más común. Las enfermedades febriles son causa de exacerbaciones de psoriasis. Se cree que el virus actúa como un superantígeno y activa la inmunidad celular causando cambios inmunológicos con clínica variada en individuos predispuestos. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino que debuta con una forma grave de psoriasis posterior a infección por chikungunya.
Methods, Techniques and AI Solutions in the Age of Hostilities. Online Hate Speech Trilogy (vol. 3)
Authors: Van Schenck Reed ,   Universidad Internacional de Excelencia, Chulvi Ferriols Berta ,   Universidad de Valencia, Rosso Paolo ,   Universidad de Valencia, Fernandez De La Hoz Zeitler Karoline ,   Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations of the Spanish Government, Oboler Andre ,   La Trobe University, Kumarage Tharindu ,   Arizona State University, Bhattacharjee Amrita ,   Arizona State University, Garland Joshua ,   Arizona State University, Malini Fábio ,   Federal University of Espírito Santo, do Nascimento Oliveira Jéssica ,   Federal University of Espírito Santo, Herkenhoff Coelho Moura Gabriel ,   Federal University of Espírito Santo, Magalhães Mariana ,   University of Porto, Alves Sara ,   University of Porto, Bernardo Márcia ,   University of Porto, Martins Ana Filipa ,   University of Algarve, Mendes da Silva Bruno ,   University of Algarve, Martins Alexandre ,   University of Algarve, Costa Susana ,   University of Algarve
Published: October 2024

This is the third book in the Online Hate Speech Trilogy. It focuses on presenting methods for detecting, analysing, and combating toxic language on the Internet. Alongside the legal dilemmas born from a desire to punish hate speech disseminators, identifying online hate speech is one of the biggest challenges in the field of studies on violent narratives and virtual attacks. The authors analyse the challenges of identifying violent narratives through automation, the advantages of manually coding social media posts, and the opportunities offered by AI in this field of research.
Mastering occlusion: The key to implant success
Authors: Dhami Rahul , Kumar Varun , Talele Shubham
Published: October 2024

Implant Protected Occlusion is important for extending durability of dental implants and prostheses. This occlusal approach minimizes the forces applied to the crestal bone and the implant interface. By minimizing these stresses, Implant-Protected Occlusion helps keep implant loads within individualized physiological limits thereby reducing the risk of damage. Occlusal overload can lead to various biomechanical complications including early implant failure, crestal bone loss, screw loosening, restoration and component failures, porcelain and prosthesis fractures and peri-implant diseases.
A comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity and corrosion resistance between titanium and stainless steel orthodontic mini implants: An in vitro study
Authors: Chaudhary Tahreem , Sayyed Sofiya , Kalia Ajit , Hegde Ashwith , Mirdehghan Nasim , Shaikh Waheed
Published: October 2024

Micro-implants made from metals, have been developed and modified to apply to many of the orthodontic situations one of which is absolute anchorage. The continuous use of metals in oral cavity has led to a great number of laboratory and clinical studies on the damaging effects of this products to person’s general health. Owing to this, it is must to rule out the best mini-implant with least cytotoxicity and high corrosion resistance.

: The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity and corrosion resistance of Titanium and Stainless steel Orthodontic mini-implants.

The sample comprised of 20 mini-implants which were divided into 4 groups, each group consisted of 5 mini-implants.2 groups of Titanium mini-implant and 2 groups of Stainless Steel mini-implant. Subsequently, each sample was submerged in artificial saliva for 60 and 90 days, at 37°C. After this, saliva with the mini-implant corrosive product extracts were evaluated for cytotoxicity and the mini-implants were tested for corrosion resistance.

In intergroup comparison for cytotoxicity, significant values seen with Orlus mini-implants and least significant values with Favanchor mini-implants. Whereas, for corrosion resistance, a highly significant difference seen for values between all the 4 mini-implants with higher values in Favanchor mini-implants.

There was a highly significant difference for all the 4 mini-implants, with least cytotoxicity seen in Titanium mini-implants than Stainless Steel mini-implants. Mini-implants of all the 4 groups exhibited good corrosion resistance, with comparatively high corrosion resistance seen in Titanium mini-implants than Stainless Steel mini-implants.
Dentigerous cyst- A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kaur Rupinder , Singh Harmunish , Grewal Pushpinder
Published: October 2024

Dentigerous cysts are the common type of developmental odontogenic cyst that encloses the crown of unerupted tooth. Dentigerous cyst develops by the accumulation of fluid between reduced enamel epithelium and tooth crown and is attached to the tooth at cemento-enamel junction. They are more common in males than in females and occurs mostly in permanent dentition. The majority of dentigerous cysts involves mandibular third molars, maxillary canines, mandibular premolars and maxillary third molars. This article presents a case of unilateral mandibular dentigerous cyst associated with impacted mandibular third molar in a patient treated by enucleation.
Vivid vascular encounter:pyogenic granuloma: A case report
Authors: Kaliappan Nivedha , Sree S Lakshmi , Sundaram Rajasekar
Published: October 2024

Pyogenic granuloma, despite its name is not truly a granuloma and does not involve pus. It is a benign vascular lesion that can develop on the skin and mucous membranes, including the oral cavity. The term "pyogenic granuloma" is misleading because it suggests the presence of pus, which is not a characteristic feature of this lesion. In the oral cavity, the gingiva is commonly affected by pyogenic granuloma, although these lesions can also appear on the lips, tongue and other mucosal surfaces. The present case report is about the management of a 62-year-old female patient who presented with a bright red colour swelling on the buccal aspect of gingiva in relation to 22,23. After thorough systemic and local evaluation the patient was subjected to excisional biopsy and the histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis.
The American elections - 2024 in the Canadian socio-political discourse
Authors: Issraelyan Evgenia
Published: October 2024

The 2024 US presidential election occupies a very important place on Canada's socio-political agenda. Dramatic episodes and scandalous lawsuits are closely watched by the politics, the business community, experts and the general public. Public opinion polls reflecting the electoral preferences of Canadians, identify clearly expressed anti-Trump sentiments. The Trudeau Government began to prepare in advance for this election. Canadian negotiators are promoting the idea of mutually beneficial partnerships not only for Canada, but also for the United States, and are intensively establishing contacts with the entourage of both presidential candidates.
The US R&D Funding: current trends
Authors: Supyan Victor
Published: October 2024

The article examines the current trends in funding R&D in the USA in the third decade of 21st Century. The author analyses the structure of sources and performance of expenditures for science in the USA. It is found out that the leading sector of R&D funding in the US is business. This sector also occupies the leading positions in R&D expenses in applied research and development. As for basic research is concerned it is concentrated mostly at the universities and at government-owned laboratories.
The US are the leading country in overall R&D expenses in the world. It also take third position in the share of R&D expenditures in country’s GDP.
The "Abraham Accords" J. Biden Administration Foreign Policy before and after October 7, 2023
Authors: Tsaregorodtseva Galina
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the place of the "Abraham Accords" in the foreign policy of J. Biden before and after the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, the factors that influenced the US Middle East course in 2021-2024, as well as the transition from a policy of "relentless diplomacy" to full support for Israel and refusal to further expand the "Accords".
THE ROLE OF CAPITAL FORMATION IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Baku Engineering University, Valiyev Jeyhun A.
Published: October 2024

Countries need capital to replace old equipment used to produce goods and services. If a country is unable to replace capital goods as existing capital reaches the end of its useful life, then production declines. As a general rule, the higher the capital formation of an economy, the faster the economy will increase its aggregate income. Because the production of more goods and services will lead to an increase in the level of national income. The article discusses the role of capital in the country's economy. The importance of capital and the economic policy conducted in this direction is emphasized in the development of foreign countries. An analysis was made based on the macroeconomic indicators of the first quarter of 2023 in Azerbaijan. It is clear from the analysis that the state attaches importance to this field in our country. In January-March 2023, the gross domestic product of 30.3 billion manats was produced by enterprises, organizations and individual entrepreneurs operating in the country, and funds in the amount of 3523.1 million manats were directed to the fixed capital. As a result of this, new industrial parks with modern capital are operating in our country, and new industrial parks are currently being built in the territories freed from occupation.
TRANSFER OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS TO AGRICULTURE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF PARTICIPATION OF DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics, Kulov Aslan R.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses some problematic issues of the transfer of scientific developments to agriculture in the context of increasing geostrategic tension and economic sanctions imposed against Russia by unfriendly countries. In the course of the research, the processes of formation of economic societies at scientific re-search institutes of the agrarian profile were analyzed, trends and dynamics of the effectiveness of the functioning of such organizations were revealed. Special attention is paid to the activation of the formation of development institutions and the role of the state in financing to support the creation and development of technology transfer centers that commercialize the results of intellectual activity of scientific organizations and educational institutions of higher education. It is noted that despite the use of incentive measures by the state, the pace of formation of agrotechnoparks in the country remains insufficient. And, one of the reasons for the relatively low rates is the imperfection of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of preferences provided to both innovative companies and agricultural producers introducing advanced scientific and technical achievements into the real sector. It is noted that despite the growth in the mass of profits of agricultural organizations, low innovative activity cannot but raise questions related to both the government's policy in stimulating investment in the real sector of the economy and the approach of agricultural business owners to the possibility of increasing the competitiveness of their enterprises in the market of agricultural raw materials and agricultural products. It is proposed to change the structure of the preferences provided in the direction of expanding such components as tax incentive measures, primarily for attracted capital in the form of direct investments. Also, a promising direction may be the formation of a unified digital platform of the all-Russian format with free access to information resources and mandatory placement of research results and innovative products for the most complete information of commodity producers about the available advanced technologies and other achievements of agricultural science.
ACCOUNTING (FINANCIAL) REPORTING FRAUD: THE ESSENCE, GOALS AND CONSEQUENCES FOR THE ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Kursk Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Azzheurova Ksenia Y.
Published: October 2024

The article examines the features of fraud with accounting (financial) statements, the purpose of which is to provide false information about the financial condition of an organization or distort financial results in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the company and fraudulently obtain appropriate financing from investors, creditors, government agencies or other interested parties. The relevance of the research on the chosen issue is due to the fact that at present the falsification of accounting (financial) statements is one of the most important accounting problems both in Russia and in countries with developed market economies. The study presents data separately for each selected category of fraudulent activities in terms of the volume of their commission during the study period. Also, this article highlights the existing schemes of fraud with accounting (financial) statements and the possible motives for its distortion. Based on the results of the conducted research, the consequences of fraud with accounting (financial) statements are disclosed and possible solutions to this issue are highlighted.
APPROACH TO VECTORIZATION OF DRAWINGS OF DESIGN DOCUMENTATION ON PAPER
Authors:   Joint Stock Company «AST», Basov Oleg Olegovich , Demin Oleg Dmitrievich ,   Joint Stock Company «AST», Noskov Dmitry Aleksandrovich ,   Joint Stock Company «AST»
Published: October 2024

The work proposes a solution to the problem of vectorization and machine interpretation of drawings of design documentation on paper, which provides the ability to automate the transfer of images of products, parts and assembly units into CAD systems. A number of neural network architectures have been proposed for detecting and recognizing the main elements of a drawing (frame, title block, specification, views, projections and sections), inscriptions, dimension and extension lines, as well as primitives that directly describe the product. For hierarchical and interconnected vectorization, a mechanism for semantic segmentation of drawings based on a graph neural network is proposed. The results of the implementation of the main stages of solving the problem of vectorization of design drawings are presented.
Smart Homes with Voice Activated Systems for Disabled People
Authors: Busatlic Bekir , Dogru Nejdet , Lera Isaac , Sukic Enes
Published: October 2024

Smart home refers to the application of various technologies to semi-unsupervised home control It refers to systems that control temperature, lighting, door locks, windows and many other appliances. The aim of this study was to design a system that will use existing technology to showcase how it can benefit people with disabilities. This work uses only off-the-shelf products (smart home devices and controllers), speech recognition technology, open-source code libraries. The Voice Activated Smart Home application was developed to demonstrate online grocery shopping and home control using voice comments and tested by measuring its effectiveness in performing tasks as well as its efficiency in recognizing user speech input.
Lotka-Volterra Model with Two Predators and Their Prey
Authors: Hadžiabdić Vahidin , Mehuljić Midhat , Bektešević Jasmin
Published: October 2024

In this paper will be observed the population dynamics of a three-species Lotka-Volterra model: two predators and their prey. This simplified model yields a more complicated dynamical system than classic Lotka-Volterra model. We will give the conditions under which one of the predators becomes extinct and when the coexistence between predators is possible. Given will be sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions for certain classes of Cauchy’s solutions of Lotka-Volterra model. The behavior of integral curves in the neighborhoods of an arbitrary integral curves will be considered.
The implementation of the Quality Costs Methodology in the Public Transport Enterprise in Macedonia
Authors: Mitreva Elizabeta , Pancev Donco , Gjorshevski Hristijan , Filiposki Oliver , Metodijeski Dejan
Published: October 2024

The implementation of TQM (Total Quality Management) strategy in the public transport enterprises in Macedonia means improving the quality of services through examination of business processes not just in terms of defining, improvement and design of the process, but also improvement of productivity and optimization of the costs of quality. The purpose of this study is to point out the importance of determining the quality of the transport services, its methods, and techniques for measurement of the optimization of business processes in particular. The analysis of the quality costs when providing transport services can help managers to understand the impact of poor quality on the financial results and the bad image it gives to the enterprise. In this study, we proposed and applied the model for better performance and higher efficiency of the transport enterprise, through the optimization of business processes, change in the corporate culture and use of the complete business potentials. The need for this methodology was imposed as a result of the analysis made in the company in terms of whether is it doing an analysis on the costs of quality or not. The benefits from the utilization of this model will not only lead to increasing the business performance of the transport enterprise, but this model will also serve as a driving force for continuous improvements to the satisfaction of all stakeholders.
Blade Group Fatigue Life Calculation under Resonant Stresses
Authors: Petreski Zlatko , Tasevski Goce
Published: October 2024

The results of the simulations of the blade group resonant stresses in a FE environment and fatigue life calculation are presented in this paper. Numerical calculation for determination of natural frequencies, mode shapes and dynamic stresses, based on FEM and NISA package is used. Analyses are made on the blade group with three blades with rectangular cross section and typical turbine blades with taper, pretwist and asymmetric airfoil as well. The influence of the position of the lacing wire on the resonant stresses is analyzed. Three-dimensional finite element models of the blade group are made by using twenty node isoparametric solid elements. The number of degrees of freedom is different for each model (more than 30000 DOF). The fatigue life and consequent life prediction according the stress load history of the blades is made. The results of the investigation are given in tables and graphics.
Glycyrrhiza Volatiles Mediate the Host Preference of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)1
Authors: Gao Wenjia , Dong Pei-Pei , Abduriyim Shamshidin , Wang Xiushuang
Published: October 2024

Licorice of the taxonomic genus Glycyrrhiza is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Its large-scale cultivation is threatened by insect pests, including the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Our study (1) examined the preference of B. tabaci for G. uralensis Fischer ex de Candolle, G. glabra L., and G. inflata Batalin through caged trials; (2) identified the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by the three Glycyrrhiza species using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS); and (3) screened the olfactory behavior responses of B. tabaci to the key VOCs identified. The caged host preference trial showed that B. tabaci had a clear preference for G. uralensis over G. inflata and G. glabra. Through HS-GC-MS analysis, we identified 26, 33, and 31 VOCs from G. uralensis, G. glabra, and G. inflata, respectively. (3Z)-Hexen-3-ene-1-yl acetate, trans-3-hexen-1-ol, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, 3-carene, and β-pinene were selected for further olfactory response assays on the basis of variable importance projection values and quantity differences. From these, we learned that cis-3-hexene-1-ol and trans-3-hexene-1-ol, abundant in G. uralensis, attract B. tabaci, whereas 3-carene and β-pinene, abundant in G. inflata, repel B. tabaci. The different VOCs from these three species of licorice may be primary factors affecting the preference for and feeding on cultivated licorice by B. tabaci. Our results will facilitate studies on the potential of using selected VOCs for managing B. tabaci, perhaps in push–pull strategies of their use against the pest.
Risk Assessment and Remediation Options for Oil-Contaminated Soil and Groundwater: A Comparative Analysis of Chemical, Physical, And Biological Treatment Methods
Authors: Atemoagbo Oyarekhua Precious
Published: October 2024

Oil contamination of soil and groundwater poses significant environmental and health risks, prompting this study to evaluate the effectiveness, costs, and environmental impacts of various treatment methods. A comprehensive review of 50 case studies and research papers reveals that biological treatment methods, specifically biodegradation and phytoremediation, achieve the highest contaminant removal rates (85-95%) at lower costs ($50-100/m3), outperforming chemical oxidation and solvent extraction (60-80%, $100-500/m3) and physical methods (40-70%, high energy consumption). Furthermore, risk assessment indicates biological methods pose the lowest environmental risks, while chemical methods pose the highest. Sensitivity analysis underscores the importance of site-specific conditions and contaminant levels. Overall, the results suggest biological treatment methods, particularly biodegradation, as the most effective and cost-efficient option for oil-contaminated soil and groundwater remediation.
Modeling Economic Relationships: A Statistical Investigation of Trends and Relationships
Authors: Precious Atemoagbo, Oyarekhua , Aisha Abdullahi, , Peter Siyan,
Published: October 2024

En aquest article, l'objectiu és abordar el cas de Líbia a partir de l'anàlisi de conceptes de manca de consciència col·lectiva i desorientació política, i a partir de la crucialitat de la violència intraestatal. La concentració està en els anys: 2012 i 2013, quan Líbia entrava en una nova transformació radical.
Assessing the Quality of Ship Crew Members in Sewage Pollution Prevention Practices on Marine Environmental Protection: A Case of Dar Es Salaam – Zanzibar Ropax Vessels
Authors: Lema Jackline , Mwendapole Msabaha , Mugisha Edrick
Published: October 2024

The maritime industry is crucial for global trade, but it also significantly impacts the marine environment, particularly through sewage pollution. This study assesses the quality of ship crew members in sewage pollution prevention practices on marine environmental protection, focusing on ROPAX vessels operating between Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar. The stud aims to assess the quality of ship’s crew members in training and education, experience and the number of crew in sewage pollution prevention practices. The study collected data from 80 respondents, whereby both questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using T-test, Chi-square test, Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The study finding revealed that significant deficiencies in awareness and training among crew members regarding MARPOL Annex IV regulations, with many respondents rating their understanding as very low or low. This lack of knowledge, compounded by insufficient formal training programs, hampers the effective implementation of pollution prevention measures. The study recommends a multifaceted approach, including enhanced training, financial support for compliance, and stronger regulatory oversight to improve environmental protection practices. These findings provide crucial insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to reduce the environmental impact of the Tanzanian maritime industry and protect marine ecosystem.
Analysis Of City Government And Farming Community Partnership In Food Security Policy: Urban Farming Program
Authors: Aisyah Jasmine Tantirasari  , Agus Subianto  , M. Husni Tamrin
Published: October 2024

The urban farming program is the city government policy to overcome the food security problem for the community's welfare. The study aims to discuss the partnership between the city government and the urban farming community in an urban farming program. It utilizes agricultural land and urban garden as the place for urban agroecological transformation as part of urban food security policy through the partnership capacity theoretical approach from Mathers, et al. This analytic descriptive study uses the case survey method, and data collection is obtained from the unstructured in-depth interview, focus group discussion, and observation in Jeruk urban village in Lakarsantri district in Surabaya. The findings show the success of the partnership between the department of food security and agriculture in Surabaya and Sri Sedono farmer group in the management of the integrated agricultural center. Urban farming program is influenced by mutual consensus which is beneficial to increase crop productivity. However, the result also indicates that the skill base factor is not optimal because of the limited personnel in PPL. Furthermore, the farmers are concerned about adopting new plant varieties. We suggest that the urban farming program can be sustainable and needs to increase the number of personnel in PPL. In addition, it is necessary to increase the entrepreneurial spirit of farmers so that they have innovation values to adopt new crop varieties, and the discipline through the increase of intensity assistance from PPL towards independent, skilled, and professional farmers.
Analysis of Influence of Total Quality Management on Performance of Parastatals in Kenya
Authors: Paul Oduor Juma , Gulali Donald Indiya , Mise Jairo Kirwa
Published: October 2024

From competitive and survival perspectives, the ability to identify dynamics in an environment and timely respond by choosing convenient management approaches, is vital in prosperity of parastatals. Universally, Total Quality Management is one of emerging management trends that ensure this. There is limited evidence linking these in Africa, and specifically in Kenya. From several performance reports including 2021/2022, performance of some parastatals in Kenya is below average (2.40). They register low performance regularly thus implying inadequate total quality management practices. Past studies investigated effect of individual constructs of total quality management leaving composite effect unattached. This study sought to analyze impact of total quality management on performance of parastatals and was guided by resource based View theory. Census approach was applied with 34 as target population, 102 respondents, out of which 12 respondents were for sampling after cluster technique and 86 for actual study. Questionnaires were administered for data harvesting and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Content analysis ensured validity while Cronbach’s alpha tested reliability. Reliability results shows coefficient of 0.818 implying that the instrument was reliable. The findings reveal that TQM had 71.7% significant effect on performance. The study concludes that total quality management has a significant and positive effect on the performance of parastatals in Kenya and recommends that parastatals in Kenya should embrace as a useful strategy for enhancing performance.
Riesgo de confusión. Hacia una crítica del aparato fotográfico
Authors: León Cannock Alejandro
Published: October 2024

Para nadie es un secreto que las imágenes ocupan un rol fundamental en las distintas esferas que componen la cultura y que le dan forma a nuestra vida cotidiana (a nuestros ideales, deseos, valores, sueños, creencias, etc.). Como dice Joan Fontcuberta: «(…) habitamos la imagen y la imagen nos habita».
The Future Without You de Max Pinckers y Thomas Sauvin
Authors: León Cannock Alejandro
Published: October 2024

The Future Without You es un fotolibro que divierte y perturba en igual medida. A través de un cuidadoso y crítico trabajo de archivo1, los fotógrafos Max Pinckers (Bélgica, 1988) y Thomas Sauvin (Francia, 1983) han creado una obra que, a primera vista, parece un nostálgico recorrido por la era de los 90, una época en la que las computadoras personales comenzaban a insertarse en el entorno laboral, prometiendo eficiencia y prosperidad.