bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Optimal Parameters for GPS Cycle Slip Detection Algorithm
Authors: Ogaja Clement , Bilich Andria , Bennett Richard A.
Published: December 2023

Accurate detection of cycle slips is vital for geodetic GNSS-based positioning with carrier phase data, and for the quality control of GNSS data processing for various applications. Typically, cycle slip detection algorithms use certain parameters, such as a scale factor of the root-mean-square (RMS) of residuals of linear combinations and an ionospheric threshold value, to flag potential cycle slips. The performance of an algorithm will depend on the values assigned for such parameters. It is important that the parameter values are optimized such that the algorithm minimizes the rates of both missed slips and false detections. In this paper we evaluate two parameters (a scale factor, k, of Melbourne-Wübbena and ionosphere free residual RMS and an ionospheric residual threshold, h) to determine their optimal values for cycle slip detection. We show that in the worst-case scenario involving only small slips of magnitudes ranging from 1 to 3 cycles, there is an optimal range of values which resulted in 93 to 97% success rate without any false detections. For the data quality considered in this study, we recommend an RMS scale factor of k = 6 and an ionospheric residual threshold of h = 0.3 as the optimal values for the cycle slip detection with at least 97% success rate. In the absence of formal confidence limits, we note that combinations of values in the range of 6 ≤ k ≤ 8 and 0.3 ≤ h ≤ 1.0 resulted in at least 90% success rate with zero false detections, which gives some indication of the sensitivity of the algorithm’s performance to the specific choice of the parameter values.
Dissimilar transient liquid phase bonding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy to Inconel 625 superalloy: Effect of bonding temperature on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties
Authors: Zorriatolhosseini Behnam , Mirsalehi Seyyed Ehsan , Shamsi Faezeh
Published: December 2023

The present study investigated the effect of bonding temperature on the dissimilar transient liquid phase (TLP) bonded IN-625/Ti-6Al-4V dissimilar joints using a thin foil of pure copper as the interlayer. The samples were bonded in a vacuum chamber at 900, 930, and 960°C for 60 min. The results indicated the occurrence of different intermetallic compounds such as Ti2Cu, TiCu2, TiCu, NiTi, and Ni3Ti at different bonding temperatures, and it was concluded that in all the samples, isothermal solidification was accomplished. Maximum shear strength of 278 MPa was achieved at 930 ℃. At lower bonding temperatures, the presence of porosities and cracks decreases the shear strength. At higher temperatures, a high-volume percentage of intermetallic compounds embrittled the specimen and reduced its shear strength. The results of scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces revealed the formation of extensive cleavage fracture and river-like patterns in all samples, indicating a brittle failure mode.
Feasibility and usefulness of cognitive monitoring using a new home-based cognitive test in mild cognitive impairment: A prospective single arm study
Authors: Lee Kyung Won , Hong Yun Jeong , Yang Eun Jin , Lee Si Baek , Kim Seong Hoon , Na Seunghee , Kim Young-Do , Park Jeong Wook
Published: December 2023

Background: The risk of dementia is increased in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Despite the plethora of in-person cognitive tests, those that can be administered over the phone are lacking. We hypothesized that a home-based cognitive test (HCT) using phone calls would be feasible and useful in non-demented older adults. We aimed to assess feasibility and validity of a new HCT as an optional cognitive monitoring tool without visiting hospitals.
Methods: Our study was conducted in a prospective design during 24 months. We developed a new HCT consisting of 20 questions (score range 0–30). Participants with MCI (n = 38) were consecutively enrolled and underwent annual follow-ups during 24 months. Associations between HCT scores and in-person cognitive scores and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers were evaluated. In addition, HCT scores in MCI participants were cross-sectionally compared with age-matched cognitively normal (n = 30) and mild AD dementia (n = 17) participants for discriminative ability of the HCT.
Results: HCT had good intra-class reliability (test-retest Cronbach’s alpha 0.839). HCT scores were correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), verbal memory delayed recall, and Stroop test scores but not associated with AD biomarkers. HCT scores significantly differed among cognitively normal, MCI, and mild dementia participants, indicating its discriminative ability. Finally, 32 MCI participants completed annual follow-up evaluations, and 8 progressed to dementia. Baseline HCT scores in dementia progressors were lower than those in non-progressors (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: The feasibility and usefulness of the HCT were demonstrated in older adults with MCI. HCT could be an alternative option to monitor cognitive decline in early stages without dementia.
Determinants of khat use among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma town public hospitals Southwest Ethiopia,2022.
Authors: Genna Kedir Mohammed , Girma Shimelis , Soboka Matiwos , Alemu Bezaye
Published: December 2023

Background
Khat (Catha edulis) is a fresh green leaf commonly chewed for its stimulating effects. Khat chewing is rising at an alarming rate and adversely affects biological, social or psychological complications causing adverse pregnancy outcomes negatively affecting the health of the mother and the fetus. Although evidence has indicated significant prevalence of khat chewing, there is limited study on determinants of khat use among pregnant women.
Objective
To assess determinants of khat use among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Jimma town public hospitals, 2022.
Methods
Institutional based unmatched case-control study design was employed in Jimma town public hospitals from September 1 to October 30, 2022. Sample size was determined by Statcal version 7 of Epi Info and a total of 300 study participants were selected. A consequative sampling method was used. Cases and controls were proportionally allocated for each hospital. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) using a structured questionnaire. The data was checked, coded, and entered into EpiData version 4.6 and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression were computed. The odds ratio and 95%confidence level was used to measure the strength of the association. Predictor variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression analysis was taken as statistically significant determinant factors for pregnant women.
Results
A total of 300 respondents, 100 cases and 200 controls participated in the study. Income below poverty line (AOR = 2.33; 95%CI: 1.32–4.11), occupation being housewife (AOR = 3.42; 95%CI: 1.50–7.82), mental distress (AOR = 2.49; 95%CI: 1.39–4.50), pre-pregnancy khat use (AOR = 2.67;95%CI:1.42–5.00), partner khat use (AOR = 4.23; 95%CI: 2.34–7.65) and presence of producers/sellers in home (AOR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.13–3.66) were found to be independent predictors of khat use in pregnant women.
Conclusion
The study revealed that khat use results from multiple factors. Therefore, it is important to integrate the prevention, early identification and intervention of khat use as component of treatment modality for pregnant women with their partner during antenatal visit.
Health care provider payment schemes across nine Central and Eastern European countries – a comparative analysis
Authors: Ndayishimiye Costase , Tambor Marzena , Behmane Daiga , Dimova Antoniya , Džakula Aleksandar , Dūdele Alina , Erasti Barbora , Gaál Péter , Habicht Triin , Hroboň Pavel , Murauskienė Liubovė , Palicz Tamás , Scîntee Silvia Gabriela , Šlegerová Lenka , Vladescu Cristian , Dubas-Jakóbczyk Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

Health care provider payment schemes consist of a complex set of arrangements used to influence provider behavior towards specific health policy objectives. The study aimed at: 1) providing a structured, comparative overview of current payment methods in selected Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries for different health care providers; 2) identifying and comparing major changes in payment schemes since 2010. Methods included: 1) development of a theoretical framework and data collection form; 2) desk research; 3) national experts’ consultations; 4) comparative analysis. The results indicate that the nine CEE countries (Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, and Romania) show numerous similarities in provider payment method mix and in the general direction of the changes conducted in this field since 2010. Output-based payment methods prevail across all countries and types of providers. Primary health care (PHC) providers are characterized by the most diverse payment method mix, while both PHC and hospital inpatient care have experienced the most substantial changes in their payment schemes within the last 13 years. The most frequently conducted changes focused on modifying existing payment methods (e.g. detailing payment categories), and applying additional methods to pay for specific services or performance (e.g. fee-for-service, bonus payments). The objectives of conduced change were often similar, thus, there is high potential for a shared, cross-country learning.
Irrational beliefs are associated with the experience of negative feelings in positive situations. The role of biased positive appraisals in mixed feelings
Authors: Tiba Alexandru , Drugaș Marius , Sîrbu Ioana , Trip Simona , Bora Carmen , Miclăuș Daiana , Voss Laura , Sanislav Ioana , Rat Lavinia , Borz Feliciana , Petriuc Rafaela , Domuta Miruna , Pop Simona
Published: December 2023

Appraisals are important processes involved in both healthy and pathological emotional experiences. Realistic appraisals are required for healthy positive and negative emotions. Instead, biased appraisals are involved in cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders. We examined a specific type of biased appraisal, irrational beliefs, and their relationships with the experience of negative and neutral feelings, along with positive feelings in positive situations. 115 participants imagined eight positive situations and endorsed their ratings and appraisals of the situations and feelings they would experience in each situation. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between biased appraisals and negative, neutral, and mixed feelings in response to positive situations. Results showed that participants who react to positive situations by endorsing high levels of biased appraisals reported experiencing more mixed feelings in positive situations. We also observed that mixed feelings are inversely related to functional positive feelings in positive situations. This research is the first to evidence irrational beliefs as a specific type of biased appraisal process involved in the experience of mixed feelings. Suggestions for the processes involved in well-being, the negative effects of positive fantasies, and mixed emotions are made.
Green preparation and evaluation of anti-psoriatic activity of vesicular elastic nanocarriers of kojic acid from Aspergillus oryzae N12; repurposing of dermo-cosmetic lead
Authors: Moussa Ashaimaa Y. , Abbas Haidy , Zewail Mariam , Gaafar Passent M.E. , Ibrahim Nehal
Published: December 2023

Psoriasis is a skin disorder characterized by impaired epidermal differentiation that is regularly treated by many systemic drugs with numerous side effects. Our present work aims to investigate an efficient topical bio-friendly vesicular system loaded with kojic acid as an alternative way for the management of psoriasis to avoid systemic toxicity. To achieve our goal, kojic acid was isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus oryzae N12 obtained from the stems of Tecomaria capensis (Bignoniaceae). Kojic acid-loaded spanlastics were prepared by ethanol injection technique; employing span 60 along with birj35 and cremophor rh40 as edge activators with the complete in vitro characterization of kojic acid-loaded spanlastics. The optimal formulation displayed spherical morphology under transmission electron microscopy, optimum particle size of 234.2 ± 1.65 nm and high entrapment efficiency (87.4 ± 0.84%). The selected formulation demonstrated significant sustained drug release compared with the drug solution. Kojic acid-loaded spanlastics demonstrated superior relief of psoriasis symptoms and the ability to maintain healthy skin with the least changes in mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines compared to kojic solution in vivo studies. Moreover, in vivo, histopathological studies confirmed the safety of topically applied spanlastics. Concisely, our results suggest that a topically applied vesicular system loaded with kojic acid could lead to expansion in the dermo-cosmetic use of kojic acid as a natural bio-friendly alternative for occasionally used systemic anti-psoriatic drugs.
The Role of Spectral Resonance Imaging in The Diagnosis and Evaluation of Various Brain Lesions
Authors: ALRefaei Mohamad , khattab Khalid , tarabishi Siham
Published: December 2023

Background: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is a recently discovered safe diagnostic tool, which measures the concentration of metabolites in brain tissues and lesions studied by magnetic resonance.
Objective: To highlight and activate this modern diagnostic procedure and benefit from it in diagnosing brain tumors, white matter lesions, studying tumor necrosis cases, radiation necrosis, and other brain lesions.
Study
Method: This technique was adopted at Al-Mouwasat University Hospital starting from 2010 and the study was conducted as a complementary study to solve many neurological diagnostic dilemmas. The study was conducted in the Radiology Department at Al-Mouwasat University Hospital and some cases from private hospitals in Damascus city in cooperation with the Neurology and Neurosurgery departments. The study is based on performing an MRI then determining the region for which we perform Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy that shows brain metabolites such as Choline - Creatine - Alanine - N-acetyl aspartate - Lactate - Lipids, and others.
Results: Through the follow-up of clinical cases and the application of different spectral diagram analysis, an increase in the diagnosis of tumorous and non-tumorous brain lesions was noticed with very high diagnostic accuracy especially in evaluating cases after surgical intervention and radiation therapy. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy technique has boosted the diagnosis of gliomas to 88%, and also the measurement of Choline value can be relied upon in confirming the diagnosis of brain tumors as it increases by 88% and helps in evaluating tumor necrosis after intervention. The study was conducted on the Lactate metabolite where its severe increase was noticed in cases of cerebral infarction to a rate exceeding 90% and it increases by 78% from cases of cerebral impairment due to oxygen deficiency.
Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is an important and effective diagnostic tool in evaluating neurological lesions. It was adopted globally and applied on a limited scale in Damascus city and was activated in the MRI unit and Radiology department at Al-Mouwasat University Hospital. The aim of this study is to highlight it and draw the attention of clinicians in order to reach a certain or accurate diagnosis for cases and various diagnostic dilemmas for the benefit of patients and to alleviate the burden on surgeons and clinicians.
Secondary polycythemia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Alsagheer Besher Mhd Badr , Kanawati Masa Mhd Radwan , Ali Diaa Haj , Al-Bardan Hussam
Published: December 2023

Background: Secondary polycythemia is an important complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, also it is very significant to search for the causes of the disease and how to treat it by treating the obstructive pulmonary cause. It is a renaissance in the world of medicine that expands our horizons of research and thinking about the pulmonary origin as a cause of one of the most important blood lesions in public. We can combat it and modify its patterns before it occurs in the first place.
Materials and methods: A cohort study was conducted in Damascus Hospital in the Syrian Arab Republic in the city of Damascus from April 2023 to November 2023.
The study included all patients admitted to the Thoracic Internal Medicine Department and suffering from COPD. All patients presenting with other problems, anemia, and other hematological diseases were excluded
Results: A sample of 149 patients with COPD participated in the study, the majority were males with a percentage of 77.9%, the largest percentage were from the group of (56-70) years with a percentage of 61.1%, 94% of the total participants were smokers, and the most risk factor was Biofuels 23.5%.
The predominant symptom was dyspnea from the third grade and it was seen in 91.3%, the presence of secondary polycythemia was seen in 34%, hypoxia in 78%, and smoking in 94%
Conclusion: Giving chronic obstructive pulmonary disease special importance in terms of management and limiting its spread contributes effectively to reducing the severity of the disease and thus alleviating its consequences, especially secondary polycythemia, as it is a fundamental cause of its occurrence.
Optimization of Tissue Culture Medium for Little-leaf Mockorange (Philadelphus microphyllus A. Gray) by Adjusting Cytokinin and Selected Mineral Components
Authors: Khajehyar Razieh , Tripepi Robert , Love Stephen , Price William J.
Published: December 2023

Little-leaf mockorange is a native plant species with desirable characteristics for landscape use. The need to conserve specific genotypes and the difficulty of seed propagation and stem cutting propagation make axillary shoot micropropagation a good option for this species. A series of experiments were completed individually with the goal to improve in vitro propagation protocols by evaluating different types of cytokinins [benzylaminopurine (BA), kinetin (Kin), zeatin (Zea), meta-topolin (MT), and thidiazuron (TDZ)] at 0, 1.1, 2.2, 4.4, or 8.8 µM. Selected minerals (0 to 60 mM or 0 to 45 mM N, 0 to 500 µM or 0 to 100 µM Fe, 0 to 3 mM Ca, 0 to 1.5 mM Mg, or 0 to 1.25 mM P) were also tested separately in the tissue culture medium; the base medium was ½ strength MS in these mineral experiments. At the end of each experiment (8 or 12 weeks), plant growth characteristics including number of axillary shoots, shoot height, and dry weight were determined. Of the six cytokinins tested, Zea produced the largest increase in shoot growth. Supplementation with 1.1 µM Zea resulted in the most shoot dry weight, almost 2.5-fold more than control shoots. Shoots on 0.55, 1.1, or 2.2 µM Zea were at least 64% taller than control shoots. Shoots placed on regular ½ strength MS basal salts, described above, and/or media lacking the nutrient of interest, were used as a positive and negative control treatments. For each separate mineral tested, the best concentration for optimum shoot growth was the concentration of that mineral used in ½ strength MS medium. A medium containing mineral concentrations of 30 mM N, 50 µM Fe, 1.5 mM Ca, 0.75 mM Mg, and 0.625 mM P, and 1.1 µM Zea should be used to produce the optimum in vitro shoot growth of little-leaf mockorange.
Modeling Short-term Yield Changes in Sweet Pepper Based on Dry Matter Production and Fruit Growth
Authors: Homma Masaru , Higashide Tadahisa , Ahn Dong-Hyuk
Published: December 2023

Large fluctuations in fruit set and fresh yield are issues associated with the production of sweet pepper. Fluctuations in fresh yield (i.e., flush) result in improper labor distributions and price fluctuations for growers. Modeling the fruit set is a promising way to improve the profits of growers and allow the arrangement of labor distribution and logistics. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model for predicting the short-term yield changes of sweet pepper by integrating two sub-models: one model for predicting the production of total dry matter and one model for predicting the individual fruit growth. We hydroponically grew four sweet pepper cultivars (Artega, Nagano, Nesbitt, and Trirosso) in a greenhouse to investigate the accuracy of the proposed model. Comparisons between observed and predicted fresh yields showed that the peaks and troughs of fresh yields were accurately predicted, regardless of cultivar differences. The average root mean square error between them was within the range of 0.24 to 0.39 t⋅ha−1⋅d−1. Therefore, growers will be able to predict short-term yield changes of sweet pepper by obtaining coefficients for predicting the production of total dry matter and fruit growth curve of the cultivar scheduled to be cultivated.
Changes in energy costs of post-cyclic deformation of cement composites
Authors: Pinus B. I. , Korneeva I. G.
Published: December 2023

The paper presents the results of experimental and analytical generalization of energy costs for deformation and destruction of concretes and polypropylene-fibro-reinforced concretes, previously subjected to cyclic loads of various amplitudes and durations. A multicomponent model of costs (work) with regard to the physical regularities of monotonic compression process was proposed, and the ambiguity of their changes in cyclic tests was established. Standard prismatic samples (100 × 100 × 400 mm) of two series in the initial and post-cyclic states were tested: group “A” – N = 200 cycles with amplitude η = 0.6 and group “B” – 50 cycles with η = 0.8. The study involved an original methodology of multifactor automated control of resistance parameters in cyclic mode of different intensity and in post-cyclic resistance under axial compression, which enables the processes of interaction with the external environment to be more adequately modeled and their consequences to be analyzed. The tests were carried out using an ʺInstron-5989ʺ complex with automatic process control within a specially developed program and with records of all monitored parameters conforming to the diagram method for calculating the strength of reinforced concrete elements. Energy indicators proved their high sensitivity and informativity, as well as the possibility to be used for developing functional criteria-based models of low cycle fatigue.
Typological factors of urban development of inconvenient lands in the structure of Irkutsk riparian zones
Authors: Bobryshev Dmitriy V. , Neronova A. I.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers the main approaches to organization and development of inconvenient lands in a city structure. The aim was to develop an interdisciplinary research model and to design an urban development plan for the territories of floodplains with a high level of flooding. The main objectives of the study consisted in identification of factors for assessing the urban development capacity of territories with various degrees of flooding; determination of principles for increasing the urban development capacity of wetland areas; formation of methods for urban development of inconvenient lands, taking into account landscape planning factors of the floodplain complex organization. The paper considered the main approaches to organizing inconvenient urban areas as a whole. However, most attention was paid to the wetland areas of vast floodplains from the standpoint of geotechnical, biotechnical and urban morphological methods of organizing the territory. The methodology of territory assessment and transformation via methods of geoplastics was developed in the process, and the basic principles of sustainable landscape-planning pattern of the urban fabric under conditions of flooding were formulated. As a result, a model of territory organization was developed based on the methods of urban landscaping and building morphotypes on the example of Irkutsk.
Study into the efficiency of additive infrared heating of industrial buildings in areas with low outside temperatures
Authors: Grebneva O. A. , Lavygina O. L. , Alekseev A. V.
Published: December 2023

Heating of industrial buildings is a complex and labor-consuming task requiring major financial investments. The complexity of this task grows in the case of large-size construction objects and strict requirements to their reliability, economic performance, and energy efficiency. The problem is even more complicated in those Russian regions, where low temperatures remain for a longer period of time. Significant financial investments are caused by the wear and obsolescence of the existing heating systems, leading to enormous heat losses. Due to the large size of the considered property types, it is difficult to select heating equipment that could provide the required temperatures inside the building while meeting all the aforementioned requirements. The solution can be found in the currently popular industrial infrared heaters, which provide both uniform heating of the building or room in question under significant energy savings. The application of infrared heaters as the main heating system equipment makes it possible to organize zonal (additive) heating of buildings of any type and purpose allowing different air temperatures even inside a single room. In this paper, a numerical study of the efficiency of additive heating systems with gas infrared emitters was carried out using a warehouse building as an example. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, the economic justification of the proposed technical solution was provided.
BIM as a means of end-to-end design, construction, and operation
Authors: Dmitrieva T. L. , Yashchenko V. P. , Kuryshov I. A.
Published: December 2023

Contemporary technologies are developing at a tremendous speed. The growing computing power of modern processors and rapid technological development – all of this undoubtedly requires new information processing and systematization tools. BIM modeling technology is an essential tool in the design, construction, and even operation of buildings and structures. This technology allows the end-to-end design of various objects, as well as systematization of information in a single information model. This work investigates the effectiveness of BIM technologies in the processes of design, construction, and operation of buildings and structures, as well as the development of information modeling technologies. The research is carried out using the examples of two hospital complexes, i.e., the HUS Bridge in Helsinki and the National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev). Advantages of applying information modeling methods in the construction of socially significant and critical facilities are demonstrated. The conducted study proved the efficiency of modern BIM solutions, particularly in terms of reducing the construction period, determining the unified information and communication space, eliminating conflicts, and automated calculation of the most important design, construction, and operational parameters. BIM outperforms conventional design methods in terms of the possibility of developing a strategy for the implementation of the construction project, integrated management of graphic data, and creating structurally and architecturally complex facilities.
Research into the frost resistance of cast foam plastics in multilayer wall envelopes Natalia A. Emelyanova
Authors: Emelyanova N. A.
Published: December 2023

The possibility of using Poroplast CF02 cast composites under winter conditions as thermofillers for multilayer wall enclosures of residential and public buildings was investigated. The use of cast composites as a thermo-insulating component in multilayer enclosures has long been considered as a technologically convenient, functionally effective, and reliable solution. When organizing year-round construction works with the use of cast composites, the influence of ambient conditions (temperature and humidity) on the kinetics of thermal insulation parameters should be taken into account. It is thermal insulation that should be considered as an operational durability criterion. Cyclic T-W tests were conducted in accordance with standardized regulatory methods. A comparative assessment of the thermo-insulating parameters of Poroplast CF02 cast composite samples was performed under varied polymerization conditions and after cyclic freezing and thawing of different intensities. The results of experimental studies into the stability of the thermal characteristics of Poroplast CF02 cast insulators under the conditions simulating their work in multilayered enclosure structures of buildings in severe climate areas are presented. The conducted experimental study confirmed the stability of Poroplast CF02 cast insulators under different natural polymerization conditions. The determining role of environmental humidity on the kinetics of such insulators was demonstrated.
Digital Technologies, Social Media, Global and Local Languages in Southeast Asia
Authors:   Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (FASS), Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, McLellan James
Published: December 2023

This article aligns with the theme, “Overcoming Adversity, Embracing Change: Addressing Challenges in Language and Culture in Asia”, and with the call for papers for this conference. It takes an optimistic but critical stand on questions of digital technologies, including social media in multilingual societies. The telephone, radio, television and more recently the internet were all in their turn (wrongly) seen as heralding the demise of normal face-to-face communication, and as threatening the continued existence of minority indigenous languages in multilingual nations. But the Chinese traditional saying, “A crisis is an opportunity riding a dangerous wind”, remains relevant in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. Technologies are not in themselves language-specific, nor are they necessarily biased towards powerful, global languages. Social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram and others do not force users to shift towards Spanish, Mandarin, Arabic or English. I discuss examples of mixed language use in Southeast Asian social media contexts, taking up the point raised by Deterding (2020, 175) in his article based on his keynote presentation at the previous conference in this series: “perhaps trying to analyse the different languages in Brunei as distinct entities is flawed. In the modern globalised world, languages no longer belong in distinct boxes that can be neatly labelled”. The key argument is that the mixing of local vernacular and powerful global languages does not necessarily signal an impending language shift. On the contrary, such hybrid discoursal practices in social media may be viewed as a minority language maintenance and survival strategy.
The Use and Features of Malaysian English Lexemes as Social Media Hashtags
Authors:   English Language Studies, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Mohd Nasir Nur Fatima Wahida , Abdul Rahim Hajar ,   English Language Studies, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, How Cherish ,   English Language Studies, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: December 2023

Social media has changed the way societies all over the world communicate in this modern age. Studies on this research area have shown that of the various forms available, hashtags (#) have a higher means of attraction, as they often produce social media trends and innovative linguistic items that are developed through several approaches, including the use of non-native English varieties. This interesting trend is the motivation for the current study, which explores how features of Malaysian English (ME) lexemes, are used as social media hashtags. To date, linguistic research on social media in the Malaysian context has focused on identifying the use of Malay and English slang words in general. There is relatively little research on the use of localised ME lexemes as hashtags in social media. The current study addresses this gap by employing a cross-sectional survey of the use and practice of a list of 30 ME lexemes by Malaysian speakers and a content analysis of the morpho-syntactic features of these lexemes as social media hashtags based on valid hashtag taxonomies from previous research. The study found that popular ME hashtags used in social media posts are mostly composed of short strings in the form of the # + two words and # + code-switching variation. Interestingly, the analysis of the morpho-syntactic features of one particular ME lexeme with distinct characteristics led to the development of a new category, namely “# + discourse particle”.
Multipole groups and fracton phenomena on arbitrary crystalline lattices
Authors: Bulmash Daniel , Hart Oliver , Nandkishore Rahul
Published: December 2023

Multipole symmetries are of interest in multiple contexts, from the study of fracton phases, to nonergodic quantum dynamics, to the exploration of new hydrodynamic universality classes. However, prior explorations have focused on continuum systems or hypercubic lattices. In this work, we systematically explore multipole symmetries on arbitrary crystal lattices. We explain how, given a crystal structure (specified by a space group and the occupied Wyckoff positions), one may systematically construct all consistent multipole groups. We focus on two-dimensional crystal structures for simplicity, although our methods are general and extend straightforwardly to three dimensions. We classify the possible multipole groups on all two-dimensional Bravais lattices, and on the Kagome and breathing Kagome crystal structures to illustrate the procedure on general crystal lattices. Using Wyckoff positions, we provide an in-principle classification of all possible multipole groups in any space group. We explain how, given a valid multipole group, one may construct a consistent lattice Hamiltonian and a low-energy field theory. We then explore the physical consequences, beginning by generalizing certain results originally obtained on hypercubic lattices to arbitrary crystal structures. Next, we identify two apparently novel phenomena: an emergent, robust subsystem symmetry on the triangular lattice, and an exact multipolar symmetry on the breathing Kagome lattice that does not include conservation of charge (monopole), but instead conserves a vector charge. This makes clear that there is new physics to be found by exploring the consequences of multipolar symmetries on arbitrary lattices, and this work provides the map for the exploration thereof, as well as guiding the search for emergent multipolar symmetries and the attendant exotic phenomena in real materials based on nonhypercubic lattices.
Performance versus resilience in modern quark-gluon tagging
Authors: Butter Anja , Dillon Barry M. , Plehn Tilman , Vogel Lorenz
Published: December 2023

Discriminating quark-like from gluon-like jets is, in many ways, a key challenge for many LHC analyses. First, we use a known difference in PYTHIA and HERWIG simulations to show how decorrelated taggers would break down when the most distinctive feature is aligned with theory uncertainties. We propose conditional training on interpolated samples, combined with a controlled Bayesian network, as a more resilient framework. The interpolation parameter can be used to optimize the training evaluated on a calibration dataset, and to test the stability of this optimization. The interpolated training might also be useful to track generalization errors when training networks on simulations.
Moroccan call centers operators’ work motivation and job satisfaction: An empirical and bidirectional analysis
Authors: Belhaj Soulami Marwa , Loulidi Sofia
Published: December 2023

As a common part-time and full-time position in the Moroccan context, call center operators are directly associated with value creation. They hold great potential and future due to their relevance to the information technology industry, especially in Morocco, as a developing country. Thus, managers unsurprisingly strive to maintain highly motivated and satisfied call center operators. This paper aims to examine the ever-trending link between work motivation and job satisfaction in both possible directions of the cause-effect pattern, each variable being alternately the dependent one at a time. A survey was conducted using a quantitative approach and convenience sampling among 137 Moroccan call center operators from local districts. The research model analysis was based on an exploratory factor analysis and a full structural equation modeling. The empirical findings displayed positive and significant links within the reversed logic of the relationship (M2: satisfaction → motivation) for a good number of sub-hypotheses (R2 = –0.78, R2 = 0.85, R2 = 0.81, R2 = 0.66 for p < 0.05), whereas the model M1 consisting of the traditional path motivation → satisfaction could not be empirically supported (R2 < 0.5, p < 0.05). Work motivation is recognized to have a significant effect on job satisfaction in the human resource literature; however, the outcomes spotted a novel significant impact within the reversed logic of the relationship. Managers should consequently be aware of the evident complementarity between work motivation and job satisfaction since each appears to enhance the other.
AcknowledgmentThis paper is partly supported by University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah of FEZ, Morocco (USMBA).
Evaluation of Hypertension and Renal Function in Preeclamptic Women: A Follow-Up Study at 6th Week of Postpartum
Authors: Ayguler Ebru , Anik Ilhan Gokce
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVES: Chronic hypertension stands as the primary contributing factor for cardiovascular ailments among women who have experienced preeclampsia. The purpose of this research is to examine how often preeclamptic symptoms persist at the postpartum 6th week.
STUDY DESIGN: The study included 50 singleton pregnant women in the third trimester who were diagnosed with preeclampsia according to ACOG criteria, were older than 18 years, had no known hypertension before the 20th gestational week, had no additional systemic disease, did not use medication, had no fetal chromosomal or structural abnormalities and delivered within 24-48 hours of hospitalization.
RESULTS: The mean age of preeclamptic pregnant patients was 29.26±7.15 years, the mean gestational week was 35.6±2.8, and the mean BMI was 31.3±4.9. Twenty (40%) of 50 preeclamptic patients had severe preeclampsia. The mean decrease in systolic blood pressure was 34.6±15.2 mmHg, while the mean decrease in diastolic blood pressure was 22.88±11.68 mmHg (p<0.001). The decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at postpartum 6th week was statistically significant. The mean change in 24-hour urine protein value at postpartum 6th week was 2313.52 ± 2696.48 and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). There were 14 patients (28%) with persistent hypertension and 19 patients (38%) with persistent proteinuria.
CONCLUSIONS: Although preeclampsia is considered a complication of pregnancy, persistent hypertension, and proteinuria after delivery show us that preeclampsia is a disease that threatens maternal health even after delivery. These women should be followed up long-term period.
The Effects of Korean Celebrities on Millennial & Gen Z Purchase Intention In Indonesia’s Beauty Industry
Authors: Jordy Adam , Yulianti Mega A. , Chloe Nadya , Romy Reynaldi , Hasibuan Sartika Sari
Published: December 2023

This research aims to find the effect of using Korean celebrities towards purchase intention using several criteria in Indonesia’s beauty industry. The data were collected by distributing online surveys to the public with age criteria of Gen-Z and Millenials in Indonesia who like or adore Korean celebrities. Thus, Convenience sampling method was applied. Questionnaires acquired and recorded using a five point comparative scale. Exploratory factor and multiple regression analysis were used in analyzing criteria on customers’ purchase intention. Three aspects affecting purchase intention were identified, namely, connectedness towards celebrities, attitude towards celebrities, and celebrities cause-fit. Results from regression analysis proved that the connectedness and celebrities cause-fit have significant positive effects on customers’ purchase intention. Results from this research intended to help marketers when planning on using Korean celebrities as their brand ambassador. Marketers can acquire meaningful perception of factors that have significant impact in influencing customers’ purchase intention.
Nem protagonismo e nem autonomia
Authors: Costa Nayara Ferreira , Nogueira Silvia Cristina Conde
Published: December 2023

O ano letivo de 2022 marca a implementação do Novo Ensino Médio (NEM) no Brasil. O estado amazonense está, desde a conversão da Medida Provisória nº 746/2016 na Lei nº 13.415/2017, alinhado com as ações do governo federal. A pesquisa realizada utilizou o método histórico-dialético e construiu uma análise documental das Resoluções nº 83 e nº 84 de 2021 - do Conselho Estadual de Educação do Amazonas (CEE/AM) e a netnografia da implementação do NEM no estado por meio da página do Instagram da secretaria de educação durante o período de 14/12/2021 até 24/01/2022. Os resultados demonstraram que o processo de implementação do NEM no cenário amazonense é tomado por ações unilaterais e hierárquicas e que a rede estadual e os estudantes são entes passivos nesse processo. A implementação do NEM no Amazonas tem caráter impositivo e tecnocrático, logo, nem fomenta a autonomia e nem favorece o protagonismo juvenil.
The Pragmatism of Polyphenols and Flavonoids Application as Drugs, from an
Academic Lab to a Pharmacy Shelf
Authors: Woźniak-Budych Marta , Bajek Anna , Kowalczyk Oliwia , Giamberini Marta , Montornes Josep M. , Staszak Katarzyna , Tylkowski Bartosz
Published: December 2023

Polyphenols and flavonoids, naturally occurring compounds found abundantly in plants, have
gained considerable attention in recent years due to their potential health benefits. Research exploring their
bioactive properties has revealed promising therapeutic applications in various diseases. This article aims to
provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate journey from academic laboratory discoveries to the availability
of polyphenols and flavonoids as drugs on pharmacy shelves. It was shown that the transformation of these
natural compounds into effective therapies is a promising avenue for enhancing human health. Yet, fully realizing
this potential necessitates sustained scientific exploration, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and continued
investment in research and development. This article underscores the importance of sustained collaboration
and investment as key pillars of progress towards innovative and effective therapies.
Chemical Probes Review: Choosing the Right Path Towards Pharmacological Targets in Drug Discovery, Challenges and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ahuja Ashima , Singh Sonia , Murti Yogesh
Published: December 2023

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Chemical probes are essential for academic research and target validation for disease
identification. They facilitate drug discovery, target function investigation, and translation studies.
A chemical probe provides starting material that can accelerate therapeutic values and safety
measures for identifying any biological target in drug discovery. Essential read outs depend on
their versatility in biochemical testing, proving the hypothesis, selectivity, specificity, affinity
towards the target site, and valuable in new therapeutic approaches. Disease management will
depend upon chemical probes as a primitive tool to ascertain the physicochemical stability for in
vivo and in vitro studies useful for clinical trials and industrial application in the future. For cancer
research, bacterial infection, and neurodegenerative disorders, chemical probes are integrated
circuits which are on pipeline for the drug discovery process Furthermore, pharmacological modulators
incorporate activators, crosslinkers, degraders, and inhibitors. Reports accessed depend on
their structural, mechanical, biochemical, and pharmacological characterization in drug discovery
research. The perspective for designing any chemical probes concludes with the utilization of
drug discovery and identification of the potential target. It focuses mainly on evidence-based
studies and produces promising results in successfully delivering novel therapeutics to treat cancers
and other disorders at the target site. Moreover, natural product pharmacophores like rapamycin,
cephalosporin, and β-lactamase are utilized for drug discovery. Chemical probes revolutionize
computational-based study design depending on identifying novel targets within the
database framework. Chemical probes are the clinical answers for drug development and goforward
tools in solving other riddles for scientists and researchers working in this industries.
Vyadhi-Kshamatava: An Immunotherapeutic Concept in Ayurveda
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Sharma Alok
Published: December 2023

Ayurveda mainly focuses on treating diseases which aims at disease prevention. According
to ayurveda, a disease is caused by inappropriate intellect, constitution, moral conduct,
karma, and inappropriate contact with sensory perceptions such as sound, touch, vision, taste,
and smell. These factors influence how diseases present themselves, whether they are mild, severe,
acute, chronic, easily treatable, or incurable. The concept of "Vyadhikshamatva" in Ayurveda
represents the fundamental principles of immunity. Ayurveda uses the terms "Vyadhi" and
"Kshamatva" to describe illness and adaptation, respectively. According to Ayurveda, an imbalance
in the Doshas leads to the development of diseases. In Ayurveda, immunity is referred to as
"Vyadhikshamatva" and according to ayurvedic biology, Vyadhikshamatva can be correlated
with the concept of immunity. Sahaja bala, Kalaja and yuktikrita bala refer to innate immunity
and acquired immunity. The current work is focused on the concept of immunity in ayurveda.
Various literatures have been collected from various sources such as ancient textbooks and references
to highlight ayurvedic immunity concept and the management of disease by executing different
ayurvedic principles. The result highlights the concept of Vyadhikshamatva as mentioned
in Ayurvedic text which is considered Immunity. Therefore, the present work could contribute to
ayurvedic biology and explore the concept of Vyadhikshamatva with the immunity in future.