bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Melanoma Classifier with VGG16-CNN
Authors: Adewunmi Mary
Published: August 2021

Melanoma is the most severe kind of skin cancer that is becoming more common in the Western world. This is still thought to be caused primarily by exposure to the sun. Patients with malignant melanoma have a wide range of prognoses; however public awareness initiatives encouraging early detection have resulted in considerable reductions in mortality rates. This disease primarily affects Caucasian men and women and has a terrible prognosis once it has spread to other parts of the body. As a result, early detection of this malignancy is critical for patient treatment success.

In this paper, we present an experimental result of a Melanoma Image Classifier using the VGG16 model for preprocessing the images dataset. Thedataset comprises 4596 image samples with 2239 images for training, 2239 images formodel validationand 118 images for testing the model. The resultant images were trained with a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) Sequential model of a learning rate of 0.0001,adam optimizer with binary cross-entropy as loss and accuracy as a metric. The model yields an accuracy of 93%, thereby outperforming other Deep learning models. The approach is viable and effective, and it achieves the preliminary goal of classifying melanoma lesion images.
Produções da máquina desejanteambiental na composição de currículos nômades
Authors: Pessoa Helen Moura
Published: August 2021

Este texto busca ressaltar uma educação ambiental decolonial como máquina desejante, que pode produzir subjetivações, promover agenciamentos e criar novas perspectivas de vida e de relações. Ao buscar pelas produções dessa máquina nas instituições de ensino, a pesquisa encontra possibilidades nos estudos em conexão com as comunidades-escolas-universidades (como uma rede indissociável). Assim, problematiza as potências que esses estudos podem promover nos currículos e em nossas pesquisas. Nas considerações, ressalta que as produções/pesquisas podem criar reexistências nas novas potências de agir, sentir, imaginar e pensar, sugerindo a invenção de currículos nômades, que se abrem aos agenciamentos ecocomunitários nas possíveis tentativas de recriar a capacidade de pensar e agir juntos.
A Educação Ambiental no Documento Curricular Referencial do Ceará
Authors: Sales Miranda Raquel , Crosara Maia Leite Raquel
Published: August 2021

O interesse em entender como a Educação Ambiental (EA) está presente no Documento Curricular Referencial do Ceará (DCRC), se deve ao fato de que esse documento é a base para a construção dos currículos escolares do Ceará. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é: ‘Analisar como a EA está presente no DCRC’. Para isso, foi realizada a análise documental do DCRC a partir da busca das palavras-chave: ‘EA’ e ‘Ambiental’, conforme Behrend, Cousin e Galiazzi (2018). Concluiu-se que no DCRC há a presença da EA prioritariamente nas disciplinas de Ciências e Geografia e há uma abordagem naturalista e conservacionista da EA no documento, exceto nos temas integradores (transversais), que apresentam uma abordagem crítica.
A questão da (auto) identificação de comunidades tradicionais em teses e dissertações em Educação Ambiental do Brasil
Authors: Jiménez Sánchez Laura del Pilar , Feiteiro Cavalari Rosa Maria
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar teses e dissertações brasileiras em Educação Ambiental com comunidades/populações tradicionais, identificando as denominações usadas para os grupos sociais foco das produções e o respeito à autoidentificação das mesmas. Fez-se uma seleção das produções encontradas no banco do projeto “EArte Brasil” e no banco da Capes e da BDTD. A pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo “estado da arte” analisou vinte e nove teses e dissertações, das quais somente sete fazem referência à “autoidentificação” das comunidades. A designação feita por pessoas externas às comunidades pode determinar que os grupos sociais que recebem a denominação sejam vistos como “passivos”. Tais representações são comuns no contexto das Ciências Sociais herdeiras do colonialismo ocidental que deixa de reconhecer seu papel nos processos de dominação global. É necessário construir diálogos horizontais nas pesquisas para dar visibilidade à realidade das comunidades como parte da luta por justiça socioambiental.
Aportaciones de las buenas prácticas de enseñanza para el mejoramiento docente en educación superior
Authors: Carlos-Guzmán Jesus Jose
Published: August 2021

Interesados por mejorar la calidad de la docencia impartida en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES), integramos investigaciones sobre los buenos docentes, realizadas tanto por el autor como por otros investigadores. Estos estudios se distinguen por haber empleado diferentes metodologías, ser realizados en distintas épocas y en diversos lugares; no obstante, hay grandes coincidencias. Los resultados fueron agrupados en cinco categorías que describen al buen docente: 1) su capacidad didáctica y dominio de los temas enseñados, 2) tener unas adecuadas relaciones interpersonales con los alumnos, 3) la transcendencia que da a su labor, 4) poseer ciertas visiones y creencias sobre la docencia y por 5) la motivación, compromiso y responsabilidad con la que desempeña su función. Lo integrado lo usamos para fundamentar una política educativa que las instituciones de educación superior podrían aplicar para: la selección de los nuevos docentes, el fomento y aprecio de la buena docencia, utilizarlos como criterios en la evaluación docente y en los programas de estímulos a la productividad académica y apoyar la formación docente. Deseamos que lo propuesto contribuya a que la buena docencia sea una práctica común en las instituciones educativas y no solo resultado aislado de motivaciones y compromisos personales.
A Utopia for Abu Dhabi
Authors: Marshall Alan
Published: August 2021

“Cities grow great only when citizens plant trees whose shade they will not live to enjoy.” Arab proverb
Development of comparative investigation method for timing chain wear analysis using oscillating tribometer
Authors: Paulovics László , Kuti Rajmund , Rohde-Brandenburger Jan , Tóth-Nagy Csaba
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the development of a test procedure to investigate timing chain components under abrasive stress on a tribometer. Engine developers use cost and time expensive engine dynamometer tests to investigate timing chain life expectancy under different conditions. Tribometer tests are fast and cost effective, but these use standardized specimen material and geometry that greatly differ from the original tribological system of the timing chain. Manufacturing specimens from the original chain material using the original technology is complicated; surface quality and hardness properties cannot be guaranteed. The aim of research was to develop a test method for rapid and cost-effective comparison of engine lubricants, timing chain materials or coatings, as well as to assess the wear resistance of the chain to contaminants.  Various uncontaminated and carbon black blended lubricants were compared using standard-based ball-on-disc tribometer tests to tribometer tests using actual timing chain components (bush-on-pin test) of a Diesel engine. Lubricants were ranked in terms of coefficient of friction and wear. Results showed that bush-on-pin tests were comparably suitable for testing lubricants when evaluated against standard ball-on-disc tribometer tests.
Integration of BIM in architecture and structural engineering education through common projects
Authors: Ajtayné Károlyfi Kitti , Szalai Dóra , Szép János , Horváth Tamás
Published: August 2021

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the most significant developments in architecture and civil engineering in recent years, therefore it becomes increasingly important to promote its integration into university education. Currently, several universities worldwide offer BIM courses in architecture and civil engineering programs, while many others are under the process of integrating BIM into their curricula. The goal of this research is the implementation of BIM into higher education (Széchenyi István University, Hungary) by integrating the architectural, structural, and mechanical engineering disciplines. An important advantage of the university is that the architecture and civil engineering programs belong to the same faculty, which allows students to work together on common projects. A new course was performed in the previous semester, in which the students are designing contemporary buildings as case studies.  In this paper, the results of the integration process are presented and evaluated based on the trainers’ and students’ experiences.
TÜRK KREDİ SİGORTASI SEKTÖRÜ HASAR-PRİM GELİŞİMİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: ŞAHİN Arzu
Published: August 2021

Ticari alacaklara güvence veren sigorta türü olan kredi sigortasının ticaret ve iktisadi büyümeye olan katkısı uluslararası ve ulusal yazında güncelliğini koruyan bir alandır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de 2001-2018 döneminde kredi sigortasının prim geliri ve hasar ödemelerinin gelişimi ve ekonomik büyüme göstergeleri ile ilişkileri korelasyon analizi ile incelenmiştir. Ekonomik büyümeyi; milli gelir ve ihracat büyüme oranları ile çek, senet ve banka kredisi şeklindeki borçların geri ödenmeme düzeyi temsil etmiştir. İncelenen dönemde küresel sektörel gelişmelere paralel olarak, Türkiye resmi ve özel kredi sigortası piyasasında prim gelirleri azalmış ve hasar ödemeleri artmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre; analiz döneminde milli gelir ve ihracat artışı, kredi sigortası prim geliri büyümesi ile pozitif ve kredi sigortası hasar/prim oranı ile negatif ilişkilidir. Ayrıca prim gelirleri değişimi ile geri ödenmeme oranları negatif korelasyona sahiptir. Bu sonuçlar, kredi sigortası prim gelirlerinin artışının ve hasar oranları azalışının ekonomik genişleme dönemleri ile bağlantılı olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
MANİYERİZM SANAT ANLAYIŞINDA ORAN-ORANTI VE PERSPEKTİF SORUNSALI VE VURGU
Authors: GEÇEN Fahrettin , DEDE Bayram
Published: August 2021

Maniyerizm 1520 – 1580 (1600) yılları arasında Floransa ve Roma’da eş zamanlı olarak görülmeye başlamış olan bir sanat akımıdır. Maniyerizm sanat anlayışında özellikle figürlerde görülen abartılar sonucu meydana gelen oran-orantı problemlerin nedenlerini ve perspektif ile meydana gelen figür ve mekan problemlerini ortaya çıkarmak ve bu sanat anlayışında vurgunun öneminin ortaya çıkması araştırmanın amaçlarını oluşturmaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yapılan araştırma da verilere ulaşmak için literatür taraması yapılmıştır. Araştırmada yer alan resimlerin analizi için betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada toplamda beş resim analiz edilmiştir. Örnekleme alınan resimlerde oran-orantı, perspektif ve vurgu özellikle ele alınıp irdelenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak Maniyerist ressamlar bazı eserlerinde en önemli olması gereken yerlere dikkati çekmek için istediği alanları abartarak yâda küçülterek, ışık etkisini kullanarak dikkati oraya çekerek vurgulayarak amaçladığı mesajı iletmeye çalışmıştır. Bu dönem sanatçıları havada uçuşan figürleri yâda üst üste yığılmış figürleri imgeleyerek mekândan kurtarmışlardır. Resim yâda heykelin natüralist ve ideal tavırlarının dışına çıkıp kuralları bozup izleyiciyi vurguladıkları alana yönlendirmişlerdir.
HİSSE SENEDİ PİYASALARINDA OYNAKLIK YAYILIMI ANALİZİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: AKKAYA Murat
Published: August 2021

Bu makalede Borsa İstanbul ve Türkiye için oynaklık yayılımı sonuçları verilmektedir. Oynaklık öngörülemezlik, belirsizlik ve de risk ile ilişkilidir. Finansta oynaklık ise genellikle hisse senedi fiyatı gibi bir finansal değişkenin zaman içinde yukarı veya aşağı hareket etme oranı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Oynaklık yayılımı da, bir finansal piyasada oluşan şokun diğer piyasalardaki oynaklığı etkilemesi veya farklı finansal piyasalar arasındaki risk geçişkenliğidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ocak 2008 - Nisan 2020 döneminde günlük hisse senedi getirilerini kullanarak asimetrik etkileri dikkate alan EGARCH modelleri kapsamında gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan piyasalardan Borsa İstanbul’a doğru oluşan oynaklık yayılımını analiz etmektir. Çalışma sonucunda, asimetrik etki parametresinin (𝜃) % 1 düzeyinde negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu görünmektedir. Bu durum asimetrik etkinin, yani kaldıraç etkisinin Borsa İstanbul’da geçerli olduğunu göstermektedir. Oynaklık Dow Jones Borsa’sından Borsa İstanbul’a doğru yayılmaktadır. Ayrıca USD/TRL ve TLLIBOR değişkenleri Borsa İstanbul’un oynaklığı üzerinde etkilidir.
EĞİTİMİN POLİTEKNİKLEŞTİRİLMESİ: FELSEFESİ VE UYGULAMALAR
Authors: DEMİR Okay , AKÇA Arif
Published: August 2021

Her zaman okullar ve toplumlar üzerinde etkili olan felsefe, özünde, bir arayış olup gelişim, değişim ve dönüşüm süreçleri için vazgeçilmezdir. Felsefenin bir alt dalı olan eğitim felsefesi ise eğitsel amaçlar söz konusu olduğunda devreye girmektedir. Dünyanın birçok yerinde eğitsel sorunlara çözüm aramak için, eğitim felsefesinin farklı türlerinden yararlanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın konusu da, bu eğitsel sorunlara, diyalektik materyalizmin penceresinden çözüm arayan politeknik eğitim ve uygulamalarıdır. Araştırmada tarihsel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış ve veriler, doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada politeknik eğitim, öncelikle, kavramsal olarak ele alınmıştır. Sonrasında politeknik eğitim, içerdiği eğitim felsefesi açısından incelenmiş ve son olarak da uygulamaya yön veren düşünürlerin görüşleri ışığında, Sovyet Rusya özelinde, eğitim uygulamalarına yer verilmiştir. Politeknik eğitim anlayışına açıklık getirmek amacıyla yazılmış bu çalışmada, her ne kadar ülkemizde tamamıyla uygulanması mümkün görünmese de eğitim uygulamalarında, politeknik eğitimin felsefesinden ilham alınarak birtakım düzenlemelerin yapılabileceği umulmaktadır.
TÜRK ve YUNAN DERS KİTAPLARINDA BİLİM ADAMLARI
Authors: TOPÇU Ersin
Published: August 2021

Devletlerin, varlığının manevi temellerini ve milleti arasındaki bağı kuvvetlendirmek amacıyla her daim ihtiyaç duyduğu en büyük güç, geçmişten kalanlar içerisinde en kıymetli miras kabul edilen kültür ve medeniyet olmuştur. İşte bu nedenle devletlerin eğitim programlarında bilim adamları özelinde kendi medeniyet tarihlerine nasıl yer verdikleri son derece önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı da Türkiye ve Yunanistan’da ilkokul, ortaokul ve lisede okutulan, içeriğinde doğrudan ya da dolaylı bir şekilde tarih konuları ihtiva eden Hayat Bilgisi, Sosyal Bilgiler ve Tarih ders kitaplarında bilim insanlarına nasıl ve ne kadar yer verildiğini karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde ortaya koymaktır. Nitel yöntemlerden özel durum çalışmasının kullanıldığı araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Türkiye’de okutulan ders kitaplarında adı geçen bilim adamlarından % 42’si diğer medeniyet gurubuna mensupken, Yunanistan ders kitaplarında ise adı geçen Müslüman bilim adamlarının oranı sadece % 1’dir. Sonuç olarak Yunan ders kitaplarında tamamen etkili olan Avrupa merkezci bakış açısı, aynı oranda olmasa da Türk ders kitaplarında da söz konusudur.
İKLİM DEĞİŞİKLİĞİNİN TARIMSAL FAALİYETLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: BAHÇECİLİK SEKTÖRÜ ÜZERİNE AMPİRİK BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: USLU Hakan
Published: August 2021

İklim değişikliği nedeniyle sıcaklıklardaki hızlı artış ve yağışlardaki mevsimsel dengesizlikler tüm dünyada birçok sektörü etkilediği gibi Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesi için büyük öneme haiz bahçe bitkileri üretimini de etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bölge ekonomisinin can damarı olan tarım sektörü içinde son yıllarda hızla artan bahçe bitkileri üretiminin iklim değişikliğinden nasıl etkilendiğini ampirik yöntemlerle analiz etmektir. Spesifik olarak, çalışma bölgede yer alan 9 ili ve 1995-2019 yıllarını kapsayan panel veri seti kullanarak bahçe bitkileri üretim alanı ve miktarının ortalama sıcaklık ve yağış miktarı değişiminden nasıl etkilendiğini ekonometrik modeller ile tahmin etmektedir. Çalışma bulguları bahçecilik için kullanılan üretim alanlarının ortalama sıcaklık ve yağışlardaki değişimlerden olumlu etkilendiğini ancak üretim miktarının yağışlardaki mevsimsel değişmelerden olumsuz etkilendiğini göstermiştir. Sektörün büyüklüğü ve bölge için önemi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda ampirik olarak yapılan bu çalışmanın alanında ilk olması hem ilgili literatüre önemli bir katkıda bulunacak hem de politika yapıcıların bu sektöre yönelik atacağı adımlarda yol gösterici olacaktır.
Acid-base Management in Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Surya Sonny Lesmana , Hadinata Yudi
Published: August 2021

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) merupakan alat penunjang fungsi sirkulasi dan pernapasan pasien yang biasa digunakan ketika menjalani pembedahan jantung atau pembuluh darah besar. Selama prosedur CPB, kondisi hipotermia dipertahankan untuk menurunkan kebutuhan oksigen dan laju metabolisme. Kondisi hipotermia akan mempengaruhi keseimbangan asam-basa pada tubuh. Manajemen asam-basa selama prosedur CPB dicapai dengan menggunakan metode a-stat atau pH-stat. Pada metode a-stat, manajemen asam-basa dilakukan dengan menjaga pHa 7.4 dan PaCO2 40 mmHg pada suhu 37oC tanpa penambahan CO2 oksigen untuk menjaga total CO2 tetap konstan. Sedangkan, pada metode pH-stat, diberikan CO2 oksigen untuk menjaga PaCO2 40 mmHg dan pHa 7.4 secara in vivo. Masih banyak perdebatan terkait waktu penerapan masing-masing metode. Pada level mikrosirkulasi, manajemen a-stat terbukti memberikan keuntungan pada otak dan mengurangi insidensi postoperative cerebral dysfunction. Sedangkan, metode pH-stat dilaporkan meningkatkan risiko emboli otak, sehingga tidak disarankan untuk pasien yang memiliki risiko tinggi gangguan aliran darah otak. Namun, terdapat pula laporan yang menyatakan pH-stat bermanfaat pada operasi bedah jantung anak. Berdasarkan hal itu, usia pasien dapat menentukan waktu penggunaan metode a-stat dan pH-stat. Satu indikasi primer penggunaan pH-stat adalah selama proses pendinginan saat deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), sedangkan metode a-stat lebih baik digunakan selama selective cerebral perfusion (SCP) dan rewarming.
Diameter dan Indeks Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Berkorelasi dengan Central Venous Pressure (CVP) pada Pasien Kritis yang Menggunakan Ventilasi Mekanik di Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Authors: Laksono Buyung Hartiyo , Fatoni Arie Zainul , Yuwono Vilda Prasastri , Asmoro Aswoco Andyk
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Pengukuran central venous pressure (CVP) merupakan salah satu metode guiding deresusitasi pada pasien dengan kasus tertentu. Kenaikan nilai CVP 1 mmHg dikaitkan dengan peningkatan angka kejadian acute kidney injury (AKI). Namun sebagai sebuah metode yang invasif, pemasangan CVP memiliki risiko yang perlu diperhatikan. Di sisilain, pengukuran diameter dan indeks IVC yang bermuara di atrium kanan dengan menggunakan ultrasonografi (USG) non-invasif dinilai mampu untuk memprediksi nilai CVP pada pasien. Namun beberapa penelitian hubungan antara CVP dengan diameter dan indeks IVC memberikan hasil yang kontroversial.Tujuan: Penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai CVP dengan diameter dan indeks IVC.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional pada 30 pasien yang dilakukan ventilasi mekanik dan pemasangan CVC di unit perawatan intensif. Parameter CVP, diameter minimum dan maksimum inferior vein cava (IVC mak, IVC min), distensibillity index (DI-index), dan aortacaval index (Cava/Ao index) diukur. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi pada SPPS 18.0 (p<0.05).Hasil: Didapatkan korelasi signifikan antara CVP dan semua variabel yang diuji (IVC mak, IVC min, DI-index, dan Cava/Ao index) (p<0.05), dengan korelasi terkuat antara CVP dan IVC min (R= 0,908). Korelasi bersifat positif, kecuali antara DI-index dan CVP.Kesimpulan: Parameter IVC min, IVC mak, Cava/Ao- index, dan DI-index signifikan berkorelasi kuat dengan CVP. Korelasi terjadi bersifat positif, kecuali antara DI-index dan CVP.
Analisis Sistem Skoring APACHE II dan SOFA Terhadap Outcome di Intensive Care Unit RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya
Authors: Fauziyah Habibah Teniya Ariq , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Lestari Pudji , Maulydia Maulydia
Published: August 2021

Latar belakang: Intensive care unit (ICU) adalah suatu ruangan dari rumah sakit yang khusus untuk merawat pasien yang menderita penyakit, cedera, atau komplikasi yang mengancam jiwa. Pasien yang sedang dilakukan perawatan di ICU dapat diperkirakan prognosisnya menggunakan sistem skoring.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara sistem skoring acute physiological chronic health evaluation (APACHE II), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) hari pertama, SOFA hari ketiga, SOFA hari kelima dengan outcome pasien di ICU RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.Metode: Prospektif studi analitik observasional. Pengumpulan data dari rekam medis ICU RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Subjek penelitiannya adalah pasien berumur ≥17 tahun yang dirawat di ICU minimal lima hari untuk kemudian dibandingkan sistem skoring APACHE II, SOFA hari pertama, SOFA hari ketiga dan SOFA hari kelima terhadap outcome pasien. Sampel penelitian bulan September 2019 hingga Januari 2020 sebanyak 110 pasien, namun yang masuk kriteria inklusi hanya 30 pasien. Data dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS 16 menggunakan uji spearman dan scatter plot.Hasil: Dari 30 pasien ICU, 56.7% berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 43.3% berjenis kelamin perempuan, kelompok umur terbanyak 46-65 tahun (50%), indeks massa tubuh (IMT) tertinggi pada kategori IMT Normal (60%), diagnosis terbanyak adalah Sepsis sebanyak 14 pasien. (46.7%), pasien tanpa komorbiditas lebih dominan 15 pasien (50%), kondisi akhir pasien lebih banyak pada pasien yang hidup 18 pasien (60%). Hasil uji Spearman dan scatter plot menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara SOFA hari kelima dengan outcome ICU (p <0.05).Kesimpulan: Sistem penilaian SOFA hari kelima dapat memprediksi outcome ICU. Sedangkan APACHE II dan SOFA pada hari pertama dan ketiga tidak dapat memprediksi outcome ICU.
Risk of Psychiatric Problems for People with Negative Psychosocial Impacts in Compared to Positive Attitude during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yuliana .
Published: August 2021

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has negative or positive psychosocial impacts on society. Fear, uncertainty, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and suicide are the negative psychosocial impacts. These psychosocial impacts may cause psychiatric problems. This paper aims to describe the risk of psychiatric problems for people with negative psychosocial impacts in comparison to positive attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This systematic literature review used these keywords: ‘fear’, ‘uncertainty’, ‘COVID-19’, ‘psychiatric problem’ , and ‘society’. The search engines used were PubMed and Science Direct. There were 302 papers from PubMed and 134 papers from Science Direct at the beginning. To ascertain the quality of the selection, the process was done twice. Narrative reviews were excluded. Finally, 19 manuscripts were selected for review. PRISMA guidelines were used in the reviewing procedures.Results: From 18 cross-sectional studies and one randomized control trial, it was found that females and the elderly are prone to anxiety and depression. Other risk factors are low income, signs of infection, previous contact history with COVID-19 patients, too much information about COVID-19, and pseudoscientific beliefs. Positive protective factors are good self-talk skills, coping strategy mechanisms, compliance with the rules, and a high level of mental resilience.Conclusion: Anxiety and depression prevention related to Covid-19 can be done through strengthening the positive protective factor and minimize the risk factors. COVID-19 pandemic should be seen as an opportunity to strengthen positive mental attitudes.
The Effect of Different Precursor Concentration on The Synthesis of CaO Nanoparticles with Coprecipitation Methods for Palm Oil Transesterification Catalysis
Authors: Andarini Novita , Farida Ria Sherly , Haryati Tanti
Published: August 2021

Calcium oxide nanoparticles was prepared by coprecipitation method using calcium acetate as precursor and calcined at 800 °C for 6 hours. This work studied the effect of different precursor concentrations on the size of calcium oxide obtained and its applicated for palm oil transesterification catalysis. Characteristics of samples were measured by XRD and SEM et al techniques. The results showed that the diffraction pattern of CaO has the same diffraction pattern as the XRD standard diffraction pattern from the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS). Calcium oxide analysis using SEM shows the morphology of particles that agglomerate almost all variations in precursor concentration. The particle size increases with increasing precursor concentration. The smallest particle size of 55.758 nm was produced on solid CaO from the lowest precursor concentration of 0.05 M. The catalytic activity of activated calcium oxide nanoparticle compound was tested in the production of methyl esters. The conversion of triglycerides in palm oil into methyl esters was 90.34%.Keywords: nanoparticles, calcium oxide, coprecipitation, precursor, catalys, metyl ester
Recombinant Production and One-Pot Purification for Enhancing Activity of Haloacid Dehalogenase from Bacillus cereus IndB1
Authors: Ratnaningsih Enny , Sunaryo Sulistiya Nirta , Idris Idris , Putri Rindia Maharani
Published: August 2021

In recent years we have witnessed the emergence of organohalogen utilization in various chemical-based industries, particularly polymer-based, agricultural, and pharmaceutical sectors. Despite this, organohalogen compounds are actually very dangerous to the environment, as they are difficult to be naturally degraded and generally toxic to organisms. A green and biocompatible method to overcome this issue is by employing enzymes that could convert organohalogens into non-toxic compounds, such as the class of enzymes known as haloacid dehalogenases. To enhance the activity of haloacid dehalogenase isolated from local strains of Bacillus cereus IndB1, we have developed a recombinant expression system using pET-bcfd1 plasmid in E. coli BL21 (DE3) host cells. Following enzyme production, we also demonstrated a one-pot purification system for the expressed dehalogenase, harnessing the presence of His-tag in the recombinant clones. Purification was carried out using Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography, using imidazole eluent with a concentration gradient of 10 mM to 500 mM. The enzyme activity was tested against the monochloroacetic acid (MCA) substrate according to the Bergmann and Sanik method, and the protein content in the solution was measured using the Bradford method. The purity of the enzyme after one-pot purification was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analyses, showing a single band of 40 kDa in size. Remarkably, the purified haloacid dehalogenase specific activity was increased by 12-fold compared to its crude enzyme extract. Therefore, the expression and purification system developed in this study allow further exploration of dehalogenases from local strains as an efficient catalyst for MCA biodegradation.Keywords: recombinant expression, haloacid dehalogenase, monochloroacetic acid, enzyme purification
Artículo de prueba CROSSREF
Authors: Gomez Laureano
Published: August 2021

Artículo de prueba para verificar CROSSREF
Anticonvulsive and anti-epileptogenesis effects of Echinacea purpurea root extract, an involvement of CB2 receptor
Authors: Gholami Masoumeh , Amri Jamal , Pazhoohan Saeed , Sadegh Mehdi
Published: August 2021

Objectives

Phytocannabinoids beyond the Δ9-tetrahy-drocannabinol have shown anticonvulsive effects. Also, alkylamides from Echinacea purpurea have been proved as cannabinomimetics. We examined the effect of the hydroalcoholic root extract of E. purpurea on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced tonic–clonic seizures and kindling model of epileptogenesis and the involvement of CB2 receptors as the mediator of this effect.

Methods

Male Wistar rats (200 ± 20 g) were used. Single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of PTZ (80 mg/kg) was used to induce tonic–clonic seizures. The kindling model of epileptogenesis was induced by daily injections of PTZ (37 mg/kg; i.p. for 15 days). Latency and duration of the stages were monitored for analysis. The hydroalcoholic root extract of E. purpurea was injected (i.p.) 20 min before seizure induction at the doses of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. CB2 receptor antagonist SR144528 was injected (0.1 mg/kg; i.p.) 20 min before the Echinacea injection.

Results

In the tonic–clonic model, pretreatment with E. purpurea at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased latencies to S2–S6, while it significantly decreased S6 duration and mortality rate. SR144528 injection before the injection of 100 mg/kg of E. purpurea significantly prevented the effects of the extract on S4–S6 latencies. In the kindling model, E. purpurea at the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly delayed epileptogenesis and decreased mortality rate, while SR144528 injection before the injection of 100 mg/kg of E. purpurea significantly blocked this effect of the extract.

Conclusions

These findings revealed the anticonvulsive and antiepileptogenesis effects of the E. purpurea root extract, which can be mediated by CB2 receptors.
Construction of a family of non-stationary combined ternary subdivision schemes reproducing exponential polynomials
Authors: Zhang Zeze , Zheng Hongchan , Pan Lulu
Published: August 2021

In this paper, we propose a family of non-stationary combined ternary

(

2
m
+
3

)

\left(2m+3)

-point subdivision schemes, which possesses the property of generating/reproducing high-order exponential polynomials. This scheme is obtained by adding variable parameters on the generalized ternary subdivision scheme of order 4. For such a scheme, we investigate its support and exponential polynomial generation/reproduction and get that it can generate/reproduce certain exponential polynomials with suitable choices of the parameters and reach

2
m
+
3

2m+3

approximation order. Moreover, we discuss its smoothness and show that it can produce

C

2
m
+
2

{C}^{2m+2}

limit curves. Several numerical examples are given to show the performance of the schemes.
Effects of chemical modification and nanotechnology on wood properties
Authors: Bi Wenzhai , Li Haitao , Hui David , Gaff Milan , Lorenzo Rodolfo , Corbi Ileana , Corbi Ottavia , Ashraf Mahmud
Published: August 2021

As a green material, wood is widely used in building decoration, railway construction, and other fields. However, the wood itself has inherent defects of being easy to absorb water and deform, rot, and decrease in strength. The physical and mechanical strengths and stability of artificial fast-growing forest wood are even worse. As wood modification can improve the dimensional stability, durability, strength, and other properties of wood, it has been widely used. Chemical modification is the main method of wood modification. The development of nanotechnology has brought more possibilities for wood modification. Owing to the extensive literature available, this article summarizes the representative achievements of wood chemical modification and nanotechnology. The principle, production process, advantages, and disadvantages of various wood chemical modification methods were analyzed, compared, and evaluated. Finally, according to the application status of wood-modified materials, the problems existing in the current wood chemical modification methods and the application of nanotechnology, and the development trend in the future are analyzed.
Smart stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for the cancer therapy – nanomedicine
Authors: Murugan Baranya , Sagadevan Suresh , Fatimah Is , Oh Won-Chun , Motalib Hossain Mohd Abd , Johan Mohd Rafie
Published: August 2021

Nanomedicine is ongoing current research in the applications of nanotechnology for cancer therapy. Simply from a technology perspective, this field of research has an enormous broadening and success to date. Recently, nanomedicine has also made inroads in the treatment of cancer. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles are an emerging field of research because its targeting capacity is of great interest in the treatment of cancer. The responsive nanoparticles are efficient in encountering different internal biological stimuli (acidic, pH, redox, and enzyme) and external stimuli (temperature, ultrasounds, magnetic field, and light), which are used as smart nanocarriers for delivery of the chemotherapeutic and imaging agents for cancer therapy. In-depth, the responsive nanocarrier that responds to the biological cues is of pronounced interest due to its capability to provide a controlled release profile at the tumor-specific site. The outlook of this review focuses on the stimuli-responsive nanocarrier drug delivery systems in sequence to address the biological challenges that need to be evaluated to overcome conventional cancer therapy.
Sonic Environments as Systems of Places: A Critical Reading of Husserl’s Thing and Space
Authors: Nitsche Martin
Published: August 2021

This article offers a thorough and critical reading of Husserl’s Thing and Space. This reading is principally motivated by the effort to methodologically design a phenomenological–topological approach to the research of lived sonic environments. In this book, Husserl lays foundations of phenomenological topology by understanding perceptions as places and defining, consequently, the space as a system of places. The critical reading starts with pointing out the ambiguity of location in Thing and Space, which consists mainly in the insufficient implementation of the distinction between the location and the localization. Further investigations then reveal the roots of this ambiguity in both the preference of visual perception and the omission of subjective aspects of kinesthesia. The article critically examines Husserl’s notion of the appended localization that expresses the marginalization of (among others) acoustic experience. In conclusion, the article utilizes the critical findings to formulate the project of a place-based (phenomenological–topological), medium-centered, and multi-sensory approach to sonic environments.
Radiochemical separation and purification of non-carrier-added silicon-32
Authors: Veicht Mario , Mihalcea Ionut , Cvjetinovic Đorđe , Schumann Dorothea
Published: August 2021

32Si (T
1/2 = 153(19) y) is an extremely rare, naturally-occurring isotope that has been considered as a geochronometer suitable for radiometric dating over the time span from 100 to 1000 years ago – a time span that has proved rather difficult to explore in this manner. Past attempts to determine the 32Si half-life have resulted in a wide range of values possessing significant uncertainties because only low-activity samples could be made available for such measurements. Utilizing the 590 MeV ring cyclotron at PSI, megabecquerel quantities of 32Si have been produced by exposing metallic vanadium discs to high-energy protons in order to induce spallation. A radiochemical separation procedure has been successfully developed and applied to the irradiated discs as part of the SINCHRON project, based on a combination of ion-exchange and extraction resins. The process was shown to be reliable and robust with a high chemical yield. Radiochemically pure 32Si solutions with activity concentrations of up to several kBq/g can be produced to perform individual measurements (AMS, ICP-MS, LSC) for various studies. Thus, a careful redetermination of the 32Si half-life has become feasible to begin the first steps toward the confident implementation of this radionuclide for geochronological purposes.
Nutzung eines kommerziellen EMK-Systems als Bestandteil einer Kibble-Waage
Authors: Rogge Norbert , Fröhlich Thomas
Published: August 2021

Eine Planck-Waage ist eine einfach bedienbare und vergleichsweise kostengünstige Umsetzung des Kalibrierprinzips einer Kibblewaage. Zu diesem Zweck besteht das Gesamtsystem möglichst aus kommerziell verfügbaren Komponenten wie z.B. einer Wägezelle nach dem Prinzp der elektromagnetischen Kraftkompenastion. Diese dient sowohl der Aufnahme des Masseprüflings im Wägemodus, als auch zur Führung im Bewegungsmodus. Da Abweichungen vom Idealverhalten bezüglich Kraft- und Momentenaufnahme sowie der Bewegungstrajektorie großen Einfluss auf das Messergebnis haben, müssen diese analysiert und im Messprozess berücksichtigt werden.
Analyse eines fehlerkompensierten Lasertriangulationssystems
Authors: Kienle Patrick , Fest Nicholas E. , Larasati Agnia D. , Wang Kun , Köhler Michael H. , Jakobi Martin , Koch Alexander W.
Published: August 2021

Die Lasertriangulation ist eine wichtige und häufig eingesetzte Messmethode in der absoluten Abstandsmessung. Dabei ist eines der Hauptprobleme, dass diese sehr anfällig gegenüber Verschiebungen des optomechanischen Aufbaus ist. So können bereits geringe Temperaturänderungen zu signifikanten Messabweichungen führen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Kompensationsaufbau analysiert, mit dem wesentliche Fehlerquellen der Lasertriangulation eliminiert werden können. Durch thermische Simulationen wird gezeigt, dass sich durch die Kompensation bei Temperaturänderungen unter realen Bedingungen eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Messergebnisse erreichen lässt. Durch die Erweiterung der Kompensation um eine Berücksichtigung der Verschiebung der Kompensationsoptik kann die Messabweichung zusätzlich reduziert werden.
Schätzung des Verschleißvolumens an Gleitlagern
Authors: Bote-Garcia José-Luis , Gühmann Clemens
Published: August 2021

Zur Entwicklung eines Systems zur Vorhersage der restlichen Lebensdauer eines Gleitlagers ist es notwendig, den fortschreitenden Verschleiß quantitativ zu überwachen. Hierzu soll ein Datensatz über den Verlauf mehrerer Verschleißexperimente an Gleitlagern erstellt werden. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Überwachung des Verschleißes durch Messung von Rundheits- und Oberflächenprofilen vor und nach einem Experiment. Das Oberflächenprofil kann zur Erkennung und Überwachung des Einlaufvorgangs verwendet werden. Dahingegen kann mit dem Rundheitsprofil das Verschleißvolumens über die gesamte Lebensdauer des Gleitlagers ermittelt werden. Hierzu wird ein Vorgehen zur Schätzung des Verschleißvolumens beschrieben. Die Unsicherheit des Vorgehens wird analysiert, wobei sich zeigt, dass das Vorgehen eine gute Genauigkeit besitzt und die Unsicherheit durch die manuelle Einstellung der Messpositionen induziert wird. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit können Schwellenwerte für messbares Verschleißvolumen ermittelt werden.
Erfassung geometrischer Daten des Schmelzbades zur Regelung eines WAAM-Prozesses
Authors: Richter Andreas , Scheck Maxim , Gehling Tobias , Bohn Christian , Wesling Volker , Rembe Christian
Published: August 2021

Als Möglichkeit individuelle oder komplexe Produkte aus unterschiedlichen Materialien automatisiert, schnell und kostengünstig zu fertigen, gewinnt der 3D-Druck immer mehr an Bedeutung. Unter 3D-Druck werden mehre Verfahren zusammengefasst. Ein weit verbreitetes Verfahren ist das additive Aufbringen von Kunststoffschichten, um beispielsweise komplexe Modelle zu „drucken“. Dabei wird das erzeugte Produkt nicht durch subtraktive Fertigungsverfahren, wie Drehen oder Fräsen, erzeugt. Eine Möglichkeit Metalle additiv zu fertigen ist das „Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)“ zur additiven Erzeugung einer Struktur. Die Anwendung von Lichtbogenschweißen als additives Verfahren stellt besondere Anforderungen an die Mess- und Regelungstechnik. Hier wird ein Messsystem vorgestellt, mit dem die Breite des Schmelzbades innerhalb einer Frequenz von 40 Hz bei einer Latenz von 25 ms erfasst wird und an einen Regler weitergegeben wird.
Thermal entry flow problem for Giesekus fluid inside an axis-symmetric tube through isothermal wall condition: a comparative numerical study between exact and approximate solution
Authors: Khan Muhammad Waris Saeed , Ali Nasir
Published: August 2021

The thermal entry flow problem also known as the Graetz problem is investigated for a Giesekus fluid model. Both analytical (exact) and approximate solutions for velocity are obtained. The nondimensional pressure gradient is numerically obtained via the mean flow rate relation. The energy equation along with the Giesekus fluid velocity is analytically solved for the constant wall temperature case by using the classical separation of variable method. This method transforms the energy equation into a Sturm–Liouville (SL) boundary value problem. The MATLAB solver bvp5c is employed to compute the eigenvalues and the related eigenfunctions numerically. The impact of mobility parameter and Weissenberg number on local Nusselt number, mean temperature, and average Nusselt number is discussed and displayed graphically. It is also found that the presence of the Weissenberg number elevates the Nusselt numbers. Further, the presence of the mobility parameter of the Giesekus fluid model delays the prevalence fully developed conditions in both entrance and fully developed regions. The comparison between approximate and exact solution is also presented. It reveals that both solutions have an exact match with each other for smaller values of mobility parameter and Weissenberg number. However, there is a deviation for larger values of both parameters.
Insight into the dynamics of non-Newtonian carboxy methyl cellulose conveying CuO nanoparticles: significance of channel branch angle and pressure drop
Authors: Li Botong , Chen Yuhang , Huang Zhong , Meng Yahui
Published: August 2021

Branching channels are commonly emerged in a considerable variety of engineering applications, in which most of the fluids present non Newtonian behavior, such as in chemical processes. It is noted that in the material forming process, when one suspends nanoparticles in a basic non Newtonian fluid, a completely new non Newtonian fluid is formed with different rheological characteristics from the former ones. In our present numerical research, considering the side branches inclined at varying angles, we focus on the fluid flow and heat transfer of the laminar power-law nanofluid in a rectangular branching channel under the influences of generalized Reynolds number. Both the consistency coefficient and power-law index of the non Newtonian nanofluid, different from those of the base fluid, are described by empirical formula, dependent on the nanoparticle quantity. Finite element method is applied in the research. It is found that a smaller branch angle α can cause a larger fluctuation in pressure near the branched region. Furthermore, negative pressures exist both in the main and side branch with some certain inclination angle. Above all, the new extensive results of velocity contours, temperature, concentration contours along with pressure drop of the changing rheological models provide detailed information for studies on non Newtonian nanofluids in many intricate industrial applications.
Protein Nanoparticles Modified with PDGF-B as a Novel Therapy After Acute Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Takagishi Soh , Arimura Koichi , Murata Masaharu , Iwaki Katsuma , Okuda Tomohiro , Ido Keisuke , Nishimura Ataru , Narahara Sayoko , Kawano Takahito , Iihara Koji
Published: August 2021

Treatment options for cerebral infarction beyond the time window of reperfusion therapy are limited, and novel approaches are needed. PDGF-B is considered neuroprotective; however, it is difficult to administer at effective concentrations to infarct areas. Nanoparticles (NPs) are small and stable; therefore, we modified PDGF-B to the surface of naturally occurring heat shock protein NPs (HSPNPs) to examine its therapeutic effect in cerebral infarction. PDGF-B modified HSPNPs (PDGF-B HSPNPs) were injected 1 d after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (t-MCAO) in CB-17 model mice. We analyzed the infarct volume and motor functional recovery at 3 and 7 d. PDGF-B HSPNPs were specifically distributed in the infarct area, and compared with HSPNPs alone, they significantly reduced infarct volumes and improved neurologic function 3 and 7 d after administration. PDGF-B HSPNP administration was associated with strong phosphorylation of Akt in infarct areas and significantly increased neurotrophin (NT)-3 production as well as reduced cell apoptosis compared with HSPNPs alone. Moreover, astrogliosis in peri-infarct area was significantly upregulated with PDGF-B HSPNPs compared with HSPNPs alone. Treatment with PDGF-B HSPNPs might be a novel approach for treating cerebral infarction.
Effects of Cooling Temperatures via Thermal K2P Channels on Regeneration of High-Frequency Action Potentials at Nodes of Ranvier of Rat Aβ-Afferent Nerves
Authors: Kanda Hirosato , Tonomura Sotatsu , Gu Jianguo G.
Published: August 2021

Temperature-sensitive two-pore domain potassium channels (thermal K2P) are recently shown to cluster at nodes of Ranvier (NRs) and play a key role in action potential (AP) regeneration and conduction on Aβ-afferent nerves. Cooling temperatures affect AP regeneration and conduction on Aβ-afferent nerves but the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Here, we have performed patch-clamp recordings directly at the NR in anex vivotrigeminal nerve preparation. We have characterized the effects of cooling temperatures on intrinsic electrophysiological properties and AP regeneration at the NR on rat Aβ-afferent nerves, and determined whether and how thermal K2P channels may be involved in the effects of cooling temperatures. We show that cooling temperatures from 35°C to 15°C decrease outward leak currents, increase input resistance, depolarize resting membrane potential (RMP), broaden AP width and increase latency of AP threshold at the NR. We further demonstrate that cooling temperatures impair regeneration of high-frequency AP trains at the NR. The effects of cooling temperatures on the intrinsic electrophysiological properties and regeneration of high-frequency AP trains at the NR can be partially reversed by BL-1249 (BL), arachidonic acid (AA), and intra-axonal protons, three thermal K2P activators, indicating the involvement of thermal K2P channels. Moreover, we show that at cooling temperatures there are interplays among thermal K2P channels, RMPs, and voltage-gated Na+channels, which together limit regeneration of high-frequency AP trains at the NR. Our findings demonstrate a new role of thermal K2P channels in temperature-dependent conduction of high-frequency sensory signals.
Коректність рівнянь радіаційної повзучості, що враховують напруження і накопичену незворотну деформацію в моделі радіаційного розпухання опроміненого матеріалу
Authors: Чирков О. Ю.
Published: August 2021

Наведено результати аналізу коректності визначальних рівнянь радіаційної повзучості, що дозволяють описувати неізотермічні процеси непружного деформування з урахуванням радіаційного розпухання і радіаційної повзучості матеріалу за умов нейтронного опромінення, високих температур і пошкоджуючої дози. Розглядаються сучасні моделі радіаційного розпухання і радіаційної повзучості, в яких враховується пошкоджуюча доза, температура опромінення, вплив напруженого стану і накопиченої незворотної деформації на процеси радіаційного розпухання і радіаційної повзучості матеріалу. На основі загальних результатів аналізу про сильномонотонні та ліпшиць-неперервні оператори визначено умови, які забезпечують коректність сформульованих рівнянь радіаційної повзучості. За результатами аналізу встановлено, що врахування накопиченої незворотної деформації в моделі стисненого розпухання сприяє послабленню обмежень на можливе розпухання матеріалу і вихідні дані, що забезпечують коректність визначальних рівнянь радіаційної повзучості.