bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrofuels from Excess Renewable Electricity at High Variable Renewable Shares: Cost, Greenhouse Gas Abatement, Carbon Use and Competition
Authors: Millinger Markus , Tafarte Philip , Jordan Matthias , Hahn Alena , Meisel Kathleen , Thrän Daniela
Published: May 2020

Increasing shares of variable renewable electricity (VRE) generation are necessary for achieving high renewable shares in all energy sectors. This results in increased excess renewable electricity (ERE) at times when supply exceeds demand. ERE can be utilized as a low-emission energy source for sectorcouplingthroughhydrogenproductionviaelectrolysis, whichcanbeuseddirectlyorcombined with a carbon source to produce electrofuels. Such fuels are crucial for the transport sector, where renewable alternatives are scarce. However, while ERE increases with raising VRE shares, carbon emissions decrease and may become a limited resource with several usage options, including carbon storage (CCS). These counteracting eﬀects for the electrofuel production have not been analysed before. Here we perform a model based analysis for the German case until 2050, with a general analysis for regions with a high VRE reliance. Results indicate that ERE-based electrofuels can achieveagreenhousegas(GHG)abatementof74MtCO2eqyearly(46%ofcurrentGermantransport emissions) by displacing fossil fuels, at high fuel-cell electric vehicle (FCEV) shares, at a cost of 250320 € t CO2eq−1. The capital expenditure of electrolysers was found not to be crucial for the cost, despitelowcapacityfactorsduetovariableEREpatterns. Carbonwilllikelybecomealimitingfactor when aiming for stringent climate targets and renewable electricity-based hydrocarbon electrofuels replacing fossil fuels achieve up to 70% more GHG abatement than CCS. Given (1) an unsaturated demandforrenewablehydrocarbonfuels,(2)asaturatedrenewablehydrogendemandand(3)unused ERE capacities which would otherwise be curtailed, we ﬁnd that carbon is better used for renewable fuel production than being stored.
Electronic Couplings in the Reduced State Lie at the Origin of Color Changes of Ommochromes
Authors: Figon Florent , Casas Jérôme , Ciofini Ilaria , Adamo Carlo
Published: May 2020

In the colorful world of pigments and dyes, the chemical reduction of chromophores usually leads to bleaching because of π-conjugation interruption. Yet, the natural phenoxazinone-based ommochrome pigment called xanthommatin displays a bathochromic (i.e. red) shift upon two-electron reduction to its corresponding phenoxazine, whose electronic origins are not completely disclosed. In this study, we investigated, at quantum chemical level, a series of phenoxazinone/phenoxazine pairs that was previously explored by UV-Vis spectroscopy (Schäfer and Geyer, 1972), and which displays different hypsochromic and bathochromic shifts upon reduction. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Time-Dependent DFT (TDDFT) have been applied to compute their optical properties in order to find a rational explanation of the observed photophysical behavior. Based on our results, we propose that the electro-accepting power of auxochromes and their conjugation facilitate intramolecular charge-transfers across the phenoxazine bridge by lowering unoccupied molecular orbitals via electronic and geometric couplings, leading ultimately to bathochromy. Our findings therefore suggest new potential ways to adjust the color-changing ability of phenoxazinones in technological contexts. Overall, this model extends our mechanistic understanding of the many biological functions of ommochromes in invertebrates, from tunable color changes to antiradical behaviors.
Unsupervised Attention-Guided Atom-Mapping
Authors: Schwaller Philippe , Hoover Benjamin , Reymond Jean-Louis , Strobelt Hendrik , Laino Teodoro
Published: May 2020

Knowing how atoms rearrange during a chemical transformation is fundamental to numerous applications aiming to accelerate organic synthesis and molecular discovery. This labelling is known as atom-mapping and is an NP-hard problem. Current solutions use a combination of graph-theoretical approaches, heuristics, and rule-based systems. Unfortunately, the existing mappings and algorithms are often prone to errors and quality issues, which limit the effectiveness of supervised approaches. Self-supervised neural networks called Transformers, on the other hand, have recently shown tremendous potential when applied to textual representations of different domain-specific data, such as chemical reactions. Here we demonstrate that attention weights learned by a Transformer, without supervision or human labelling, encode atom rearrangement information between products and reactants. We build a chemically agnostic attention-guided reaction mapper that shows a remarkable performance in terms of accuracy and speed, even for strongly imbalanced reactions. Our work suggests that unannotated collections of chemical reactions contain all the relevant information to construct coherent sets of reaction rules. This finding provides the missing link between data-driven and rule-based approaches and will stimulate machine-assisted discovery in the chemical domain.

Code is available at: https://github.com/rxn4chemistry/rxnmapper
Assessment of Drug Utilization Pattern, Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in A South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Mannam Madhavi , Nalluri Lavanya , Pingili Ravindrababu , Sudagani Jaidev , Kilaru Naveenbabu
Published: May 2020

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in the working-age population across the globe. The objective of the present study was to assess the drug utilization pattern, risk factors and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a south Indian tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 745 subjects (386 with diabetic retinopathy and 359 without diabetic retinopathy). Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was measured and risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy were determined by calculating odds ratios using graph-pad prism statistical software and drug utilization pattern was assessed. Retinopathy was significantly higher in the subjects who are married, uneducated, housewives, urban residents, no income group and risk factors were comorbidities (other diseases, hypertension, endocrine diseases, history of cardiovascular diseases, HbA1c, high serum creatinine, duration of diabetes (5-10 years and >10 years, physical inactivity, junk foods (weekly once and weekly twice), soft drinks occasionally and tea/ coffee (daily twice). Metformin (38.21%), combination of Insulin Isophane and Insulin Regular (16.75%), Insulin Regular (15.18%), combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (11.51%), Glimepiride (7.85%), combination of Metformin and Vildagliptin (7.85%) were most commonly prescribed anti-diabetic drugs to the T2DM patients with retinopathy. The present study revealed that risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy were multiple
CRIMINAL SANCTIONS AND ACTIONS IN RELIGIOUS JUSTICE CRIME LAW ENFORCEMENT
Authors: Nuryanto Carto
Published: May 2020

Victims of drug abuse in the mandate of the Act should the victim run a rehabilitation, will remain in reality the victim immediately subjected to criminal penalties, so that there is a non-compliance with the law enforcement system carried out by the authorities with statutory regulations, weaknesses in the criminal sanction policy and actions in law enforcement in handling the current drug crime, as well as how the reconstruction of criminal sanctions policies and actions in the enforcement of the drug crime control system in realizing religious justice.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY THROUGH SHARIA ONLINE TRANSACTIONS IN TRADITIONAL MARKETS IN INCREASING COMMUNITY ECONOMY
Authors: Ilmih Andi Aina , Hartono Kami , Musofiana Ida
Published: May 2020

This research focuses on the use of digital technology through sharia online transactions in traditional markets in the City of Semarang. Then analyze the legal policies governing the use of digital technology through sharia online transactions in Indonesia and determine the impact of the use of digital technology through sharia online transactions in the Semarang traditional market. This research uses empirical legal research methods, with descriptive-analysis method. Based on research that has been done, the legal arrangements for the use of digital technology through sharia online transactions in Traditional Markets are regulated in Act Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) and the impact of using digital technology through sharia online transactions includes both positive and negative impacts. Positive impacts include: Industrial productivity has increased; encourage MSMEs to enter e-commerce; facilitate the promotion and marketing activities of a product; and more new services are making it easier for the economy and business. As well as the negative impacts, among others: the easier transactions are prohibited and the more cases of lawlessness occur in online trading.
POLITICAL REFORM OF LABOR PROTECTION LAW IN THE GLOBALIZATION ERA
Authors: Arpangi Arpangi
Published: May 2020

In its development, economic globalization has created an affiliation between the local economy and the international economy. It resulted in an extraordinary blow to the economic system in third world countries that were trying to become developed countries. It can be seen in the issue of protecting workers' welfare, which is not fair. So, this article intends to discuss related to the protection of workers' welfare in the era of globalization and the weaknesses that affect the protection of labor rights in the era of globalization, which can't realize justice for workers. The article is expected to be able to stimulate each party to re-discuss the issue of protecting labor welfare in the current era of globalization in Indonesia. The results of research produced are The factors that influence injustice in protecting workers' welfare in Indonesia are Legal rule factors, Influence Factors of Globalization can also be concluded that the failure of labor law politics in Indonesia will have an impact on the increasing poverty rate in Indonesia due to increasing unemployment in Indonesia as one of the effects of the flood of foreign workers in Indonesia with the number of employment that is running low.
JURIDICAL STUDIES AGAINST DIVERSION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Authors: Setyowati Indah , Musofiana Ida
Published: May 2020

The diversion provisions in the juvenile justice system law whether it has prevented children from the negative effects of the Criminal Justice System. By the way, all children who have problems with the law put the best interests of the child. The method of approach is the statutory approach and the comparative approach. Primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials obtained by the author will be analyzed using the method of systematic interpretation, namely interpretation by looking at the relationship between the rules in an interdependent law.The result, diversion is a settlement of child cases that are carried out outside formal justice with the aim of preventing children from stigmatizing children who are dealing with the law must be in accordance with the purpose of diversion in The Beijing Rules. Whereas in Indonesia, the diversion provisions in the Criminal Justice System Act of the Child are still included in the criminal justice system by giving stronger stigmatization to children who are in conflict with the law and so it is not in accordance with the purpose of diversion in The Beijing Rules. So the diversion provisions in the Child Criminal Justice System Law do not yet reflect the principle of child protection as mandated by the Child Protection Act and the Child Criminal Justice System Law. Where the diversion in the Child Criminal Justice System Law has not fully mandated the principle of the best interests of children viewed from the perspective of child protection, with a view of all issues by placing the child's position as first and foremost.
RE-ACTUALIZATION OF PANCASILA VALUES ON LAW ESTABLISHMENT IN THE ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION ERA
Authors: Triyanti Ninuk
Published: May 2020

Economic globalization which is characterized by the strengthening of capitalist liberalism greatly influences the legal order in Indonesia, so that much national legislation is found in the economic field that is loaded with capitalist liberals that do not reflect the values of the Pancasila. This research is intended to explain the importance of re-actualizing the Pancasila values and how to re-actualize the Pancasila values in the formation of laws in the economic field. The results showed that the re-actualization of the values of Pancasila n the formation of laws was an important requirement and as a means to achieve the goals of the country, namely to realize the welfare of the people. The method of actualizing Pancasila values in the formation of laws is carried out through 4 (four) stages in the process of forming laws, namely through the stages of planning the law, the stage of drafting the bill, the stage of discussion of the bill and the stage of ratification of the bill into law.
Diagnostic and treatment delays in breast cancer in association with multiple factors in Pakistan
Authors: Majeed Imran , Ammanuallah Rana , Anwa Abdul Wahed , Rafique Hafiz M. , Imran Faiza
Published: May 2020

Background: Breast cancer has the highest incidence rate among all types of cancer worldwide. There is strong evidence that delay in presentation to an oncologist may lead to a decrease in survival. Aims: This study explores factors causing diagnostic and treatment delays among the breast cancer patients enrolled in Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, from 2016 to 2018. Methods: Data from 372 patients were collected, including tumour characteristics, first symptoms, knowledge and experience of breast cancer, first visit to a doctor, etc. We calculated the patient, physician, treatment, system and total delay intervals. Results: Breast cancer cases showed longer mean patient delay in older women (> 50 years) in comparison with younger women. Women with painless lump as the initial symptom showed the longest delay with median total delay 280 days (25th and 75th percentiles 140 and 410 days respectively). Initial symptoms were correlated with total delay (P = 0.036). Educated women showed shorter delay in treatment compared with illiterate women (P = 0.068). Rural residence showed significant delay (P = 0.007). Lump size showed correlation with delay (P = 0.039). Patients with low household income (< Rs 10 000) had greater delay in diagnosis (P = 0.027) and actively employed women showed shorter delay (P < 0.0001). Unmarried women were diagnosed earlier than married (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Women showed delay in presentation due to lack of resources and lack of awareness about the disease. They presented late due to fear of surgery and chemotherapy. Using traditional treatment methods leads to diagnosis of the disease at more advanced stages.
Rapid reviews for rapid decision-making during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Norway, 2020
Authors: Fretheim Atle , Brurberg Kjetil G , Forland Frode
Published: May 2020

In response to urgent needs for updated evidence for decision-making on various aspects related to coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the Norwegian Institute of Public Health established a rapid review team. Using simplified processes and shortcuts, this team produces summary reviews on request within 1–3 days that inform advice provided by the institute. All reviews are published with explicit messages about the risk of overlooking key evidence or making misguided judgements by using such rapid processes.
Membangun orientasi pelanggan untuk meningkatkan salesperson consulting performance
Authors: Udayana Ida Bagus Nyoman , Herniwati Titisari , Purnama Ida Ayu
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence and relationship between variables that can improve sales consultant performance. For this reason, an understanding of customer needs and desires is something that is urgent for the success of an organization. An organization that can properly understand customer tastes can directly or indirectly influence the performance of salesperson. Through the training included here is sharing experiences with colleagues, especially salespeople who are considered outstanding. This research method uses a sample of 150 salesperson who perform the main task of selling. Purposive sampling is used for sampling techniques. The data that has been collected is carried out screening and trimming data. Data screening is carried out to test the consistency of respondents' answers by looking at extreme standard deviations. While trimming data is intended to test the consistency of the contents of respondents' answers between closed answers and open answers. Validity and reliability tests are conducted to test the validity and consistency of the respondents' answers. The results showed that, market orientation, sales adaptation, and developing customer orientation had a significant positive effect on sales consultant performance. The customer orientation variable most influences the performance of the sales force. Sales orientation and market orientation influence customer orientation. In addition, sales orientation, market orientation, and customer orientation influence sales consulting. Sales orientation can increase if coupled with the ability of salespeople to carry out their duties, always paying attention to customer satisfaction. Implications of research results thus we need salespeople who have high innovation and creativity to respond to the needs of a very dynamic market. Business management especially in micro and small businesses must pay attention to the needs and desires of customers and fulfill them (customer orientation), and also provide solutions to problems faced by customers.
The information technology industrial revolution and its role in building business strategy of global retail
Authors: Ellitan Lena
Published: May 2020

The need to process the rate of information more and more quickly, forcing companies to continue on innovate in the field of information technology and devices. A large wave flow and information flow must be immediately processed and used by the company to be able to maintain and improve its business performance. This article will focus on the discussion of the success of the giant global retail and how information technology supports its success and existence. Information technology is also the reason why conventional retail is unable to compete with online retail or e-commerce. Information technology is a catalyst for complementary change, which triggers new innovations that complement each other in business processes, such as finding new ways to reach customers, and new ways to communicate with suppliers and consumers. In other words, information technology has helped build the business strategy of global retail players in developing their business strategies. Likewise what happens in the global retail industry, they will continuously evolve to follow developments in Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. This 4.0-era global retail company is a pioneer that utilizes the industrial revolution and builds its own dynasty in new retail models introduced by the global retail industry.
II. Meşrûtiyet Sonrası İstanbul Medreselerinde Talebeye Sunulan İâşe Olanakları
Authors: AYAR Talip
Published: May 2020

Osmanlı Devleti’nde, kuruluş yıllarından itibaren ilmî ve kültürel kurumların, varlığına özen gösterilmiştir. Bu kurumlar fizikî şartları, mimarî özellikleri ve sosyal donatılarıyla temsil ettiği amaca uygun şekilde inşâ edilmiştir. İlmî ve kültürel müesseselerin ilk sırasında yer alan medreseler yapılırken de benzer düşüncelerle hareket edilmiştir. Bir taraftan medreselerin fizikî şartları hazır hale getirilmiş; diğer taraftan eğitim-öğretim faaliyetinin içerisinde bulunacak kişilerin bütün ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaya yönelik alt yapı hazırlanmıştır. Söz konusu ihtiyaçların hemen tamamı vakıflar vasıtasıyla giderilmiştir. Vakıflar, eğitim-öğretimin yanı sıra talebenin iâşe/yeme-içme, ibâte/barınma ve maddî desteklerini/burslarını temin etmiştir. Bu süreçte talebenin iâşe ihtiyacı genellikle, medreselerin civarında yapımı gerçekleştirilen imâretler tarafından karşılanmıştır. Ancak XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren vakıf gelirleri azalmış, iâşe ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında kısıtlamaya gidilmiştir. Dolayısıyla her geçen gün medrese talebesinin, imâretlerden faydalanma olanağı sıkıntılı hale gelmiştir. Bütün bunlara rağmen, İstanbul ölçeğinde düşündüğümüzde, ikisi hariç diğer imâretlerin kapatıldığı II. Meşrûtiyet’in (1908) hemen sonrasına kadar talebenin iâşe ihtiyacı, büyük oranda imâretlerden karşılanmıştır. Ancak Osmanlı’nın son dönemlerinde imâretlerin işleyişinde karşılaşılan problemler giderilemeyince ve imâretler kuruluş amaçlarının dışında fonksiyon icrâ etmeye başlayınca, bu kurumların kapatılması yoluna gidilmiştir. Gelinen bu nokta, medrese talebesinin iâşe olanaklarını da etkilemiştir. Dolayısıyla bu makalede, medrese talebesi için geleneksel iâşe olanaklarının değişime uğradığı II. Meşrûtiyet sonrası esas alınarak, ne tür bir uygulamaya yer verildiği, yaşanan değişimin talebeye nasıl yansıdığı incelenecektir. Makale hazırlanırken öncelikle arşiv belgelerine, dönemin kroniklerine ve çalışmaya katkı sağlayacak diğer kaynaklara başvurulacaktır.
Abbâsȋler Döneminin İlk Mehdisi Muhammed b. Abdullah ve Onun Mehdiliği ile İlgili Rivayetlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ESER Mithat
Published: May 2020

Tarih ve hadis kaynaklarımızda adaleti yeryüzüne hâkim kılacak kurtarıcı kişiyi ifade eden mehdinin farklı özelliklerini belirten rivayetler mevcuttur. “İsmi ismime, babasının ismi babamın ismine uygun” şeklinde tarif edilen mehdi hadisinin tarihte ilişkilendirildiği ilk kişi, Hz. Hasan’ın torunlarından “Nefsü’z-Zekiyye” lakaplı Muhammed b. Abdullah’tır. Böylece o, Abbâsî Devleti’ndeki ilk mehdi olarak kaynaklara yansımıştır. İlk defa Mugîre b. Saîd tarafından ona mehdi denildiği ve onun ilgili rivayeti delil olarak getirdiği görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla rivayetin Şiî eğilimli kaynaklara girişinin kaynağı burası olmalıdır. Öte taraftan aynı rivayetler, Üçüncü Abbâsî Halifesi Muhammed b. Abdullah için de kullanılmıştır. Hatta onun Mehdi lakabı kaynaklarımızda adının önüne geçmiştir. Böylece rivayetimiz Sünnî kaynaklarda da görülmeye başlamış ve hadis kaynaklarında ilgili mehdi rivayetleri yerini almıştır. Sünnî kaynaklarda konumuzla ilgili olan mehdi rivayetleri, Ebû Dâvud ve Tirmizî’nin sünenlerinde ve başka hadis kaynaklarında geçmektedir. Dört farklı şekilde gördüğümüz hadis rivayetlerinin senetleri genel itibariyle zayıftır. Hasen olduğu kabul edilen bir rivayetin senedindeki Ebü’n-Nücûd Âsım b. Behdele’nin iyi bir kıraat âlimi olmakla birlikte hadisçiliğinde ihtilaf vardır. Konumuzla ilgili mehdi rivayeti birçok tarih kaynağımızda nakledilmiştir. Ancak bunun, bazı tarihçiler tarafından Muhammed Nefsü’z-Zekiyye, bazıları tarafından ise Üçüncü Abbâsî Halifesi Muhammed b. Abdullah ile ilişkilendirilmesi dikkat çekmektedir. Hatta söz konusu rivayetin Abbâsî Halifesi Müstekfî’nin oğlu Ebü’l-Hasan Muhammed b. Abdullah için de kullanıldığı ifade edilmiştir. Bu durum da hadis ilmi açısından zayıf olan rivayetin, tarihin farklı dönemlerinde siyasete malzeme olarak kullanıldığını açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.
Uma proposta de análise de itens da prova preparatória para o Enade aplicada aos discentes de engenharia civil do IFMG – Campus Avançado Piumhi
Authors: Costa Milene Cunha , Lima Samuel Henrique Oliveira , Soares Denilson Junio Marques
Published: May 2020

Considerando a necessidade cada vez maior de se produzir avaliações consistentes, capazes de fornecer informações válidas sobre seus respondentes, este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar dois provões aplicados aos discentes do curso de Bacharelado em Engenharia Civil do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais – Campus Avançado Piumhi e comparar seus resultados. Trata-se de uma avaliação aplicada semestralmente aos estudantes, visando a oferecer-lhes um preparo para o Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE). Para isto, foram considerados três índices psicométricos provenientes da Teoria Clássica dos Testes: dificuldade, discriminação e confiabilidade. Também foram realizados Testes de hipóteses para verificar se estes provões apresentaram resultados equiparáveis. Estas análises foram realizadas com o auxílio do software estatístico R. Os resultados demonstram que os valores de referência, dispostos na literatura, não foram, em sua maioria, atingidos, apontando para a necessidade de uma revisão sistemática no processo de elaboração dessas provas e de um debate sobre os diferentes resultados obtidos por estudantes matriculados em períodos distintos no curso.
Palavras-chave: Teoria Clássica dos Testes (TCT). Engenharia Civil. Software R.
 
A proposal for analysing the items of the Enade preparatory assessment applied to civil engineering students of Instituto Federal Minas Gerais - IFMG - Campus Avançado Piumhi
Abstract
Considering the increasing need to produce consistent assessments able to provide valid information about your respondents, this article has the objective of analyzing two tests applied to students of the Bachelor’s Degree in Civil Engineering course of the IFMG – Campus Avançado Piumhi (Federal Institute of Minas Gerais - Piumhi Advanced Campus) and compare your results.This is an evaluation applied to the students every semester, aiming to offer them a preparation for The National Assessment of Students Performance (ENADE). For this, it were considered three psychometric indexes from the Classical Theory of Tests: difficulty, discrimination and reliability. Statistical hypothesis testing were also performed to verify whether these tests had comparable results. These analyzes were carried out with the aid of statistical software R.The results show that the reference values, presented in the literature, were mostly not reached, pointing toward the need for a systematic review in the elaboration of these tests, besides a debate on the different results obtained by students enrolled in different periods of  the course.
Keywords: Classical Theory of Tests (CTT). Civil Engineering. Software R.
Mediating communication – ELF and flexible multilingualism perspectives on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
Authors: Leung Contant , Jenkins Jennifer
Published: May 2020

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is a major international benchmarking resource used for curriculum development and assessment. The elaboration of the concept of multilingual mediation in the 2018 Companion Volume of the CEFR is a timely addition to the original publication in 2001. Amongst other things, it acknowledges an important aspect of contemporary language communication. In this article we examine the ways in which multilingual mediation is characterized and operationalized in the rating scales and the associated descriptors. We argue that some significant dimensions of mediation, such as emotional intelligence, can only be understood in context and they cannot be easily rated on any exonormative scale. Drawing on data from English as a Lingua Franca research, we show that the tendency to portray mediation as largely concerned with cross-lingual information transfer is a partial capture; it misses the agentive richness in multilingual communication that can dynamically open up semantic spaces and generate fluid discourse interactions. We suggest that there is room for more flexible reckoning of mediation to allow for situated language sensibilities and practices in discourse interaction.
Translanguaging for and as learning with youth from refugee backgrounds
Authors: Van Viegen Saskia
Published: May 2020

Although host countries generally integrate refugees into public education, wide-spread and comprehensive understanding of teaching and learning with children and youth who have experienced forced displacement and migration remains an unmet goal within most education systems. This article explores the educational needs of these children and youth, exploring teacher perceptions of and approaches to students’ language and literacy practices. Sharing insights from case study research conducted in one Canadian school, the article discusses how educators at the school drew upon and engaged students’ linguistic resources as key to student learning, relationships and engagement, catalyzing new configurations of language in education. Analyzing these processes through a translanguaging theory of language, the article discusses how teachers and students engaged “translanguaging instinct” and created “translanguaging spaces” (Li, 2018) in their classrooms to support teaching and learning. Finally, the article proposes a three-dimensional matrix for teachers to use in reflecting on language teaching and learning, comprising axes of (1) teacher- and student-initiated translanguaging; (2) planned and spontaneous engagements with translanguaging; and (3) translanguaging as either a scaffold or a resource for learning. Illustrated with examples from practice and elaborated with teacher reflections, the article describes why such approaches are of critical importance in response to circumstances of forced migration and resettlement of vulnerable populations. Findings arising from this work further support and respond to the call for nuanced understanding of how translanguaging practice and pedagogy materialize within situated educational contexts.
“Writing like a health scientist”: A translingual approach to teaching text structure in a diverse Australian classroom
Authors: Ollerhead Sue , Crealy Isobel , Kirk Rebecca
Published: May 2020

In multilingual Australian classrooms, one of the biggest challenges for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) learners is mastering the academic language they need to succeed at school. Unlike everyday language, academic language refers to the abstract, complex and challenging language that students need to understand, evaluate, synthesise and report on ideas that they learn in the classroom. It may include, for example, discipline-specific vocabulary, or textual conventions typical for a content area. As Goldenberg (2008) says: “If we want students to think like mathematicians, read like historians, write like scientists, we need to teach them these ways of thinking reading and writing” (p. 9). For CALD students in Australian mainstream classrooms, who learn subject content through English, mastery of academic language can prove particularly challenging if they are restricted to “English only” approaches to show what they know and can do. In contrast, a translanguaging approach can enable students to utilize any of the features in their full linguistic repertoires to demonstrate what they know and can do in relation to classroom content (Garcia, Johnson & Seltzer, 2017). This paper reports on an empirical research project that investigated the role of translanguaging (Garcia, 2009) in teaching academic language to CALD students, by setting up collaborative activities in which students worked together to draw upon all of their language and cultural knowledge. During this project, the first author, an academic researcher, collaborated with two classroom teachers (both of whom co-authored this paper) to explore various ways in which teachers could mobilise multilingual teaching pedagogies to support the students’ access to and engagement with language and literacy learning. In providing a finely grained account of how a translanguaging approach was applied to literacy and oracy work in a Health Sciences unit, this article demonstrates clearly how CALD students’ linguistic resources are fundamental to their cultural identities, and that enabling students to access all of these resources can lead to deeper and richer learning experiences.
Eroding the monolingual monolith
Authors: French Mei , Armitage Janet
Published: May 2020

Australian schools are increasingly linguistically and culturally diverse places, and yet, the monolithic weight of the “monolingual mindset” (Clyne, 2008) still hulks at the centre of Australian education systems. Despite this, there is increasing recognition of the value of multilingualism, and the importance of incorporating students’ home languages and multilingual abilities into teaching and learning. Teachers, teacher educators and curriculum developers seek guiding principles for multilingual approaches and examples of effective strategies which can be adapted and translated for diverse educational contexts. This paper suggests some principles which support effective multilingual pedagogy, illustrated with examples from students learning English as an additional language or dialect (EALD) and their teachers in two South Australian secondary schools. At a foundational level, a multilingual stance underpins the success of multilingual pedagogies. Attention to both vertical and horizontal dimensions of multilingualism (Heugh, 2018) is central to effective multilingual pedagogy. Additionally, the expertise of both students and teachers must be recognised and specified. Multilingual students are experts in using and managing their multilingual repertoires for interaction and learning, while teachers are responsible for learning design, teaching school literacies, and maintaining a supportive learning environment. A key to success is that multilingual pedagogies are developed from and respond to students’ existing multilingual practices. It is hoped that these principles can help extend discussion around the use of multilingual resources and translanguaging practices in school-based learning, and give impetus to collaboration engaging students, teachers and researchers in action research and development of multilingual pedagogies. In this way, Australian education might begin to emerge from the shadow of the monolingual monolith.
Editorial
Authors: DUARTE SHAYTNER CAMPOS
Published: May 2020

Editorial
META ANALISIS PENGARUH TEKANAN PENANGKAPAN TERHADAP UKURAN RAJUNGAN (Portunus pelagicus) DI TELUK BANTEN
Authors: Susanto Adi , Irnawati Ririn , Mustahal  , Nurdin Hery Sutrawan , Marliana Yeni , Kurniasih Anggi , Widowati Niken , Murniasih Tya Rizki , Affandi Nuriman
Published: May 2020

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is an important economical fishery commodity for fishermen in Banten Bay that are caught using gill nets and collapsible traps. The increasing of fishing pressure has highly potential to reduce the quality of the catch as exposed in previous studies. However, the comprehensive, and time series analysis of the previous research results have not been conducted. The purpose of this study is to analyze the variations of blue swimming crab caught in Banten Bay through a combination of meta-analysis techniques, fishing trials and field obser-vations to determine the effect of fishing activities on swimming crab sizes, and evaluate the status of swimming crab fisheries in Banten Bay. Standard mean difference from 10 different studies was used as a meta-analysis parameter. The results of the meta-analysis showed that fishing activities were conducted from 2004 to 2018 had a significant effect on the decreasing of the swimming crab size. The average of swimming crab carapace width caught in 2019 approximately 121.66 mm. The proportion of legal swimming crabs in 2014, 2015 and 2019 was more than 80%, so that the status of swimming crab fisheries in Banten Bay is still environmentally friendly.Keywords: carapace width, meta analysis, fisheries, Portunus pelagicus, blue swimming crab
PERHITUNGAN GT KAPAL IKAN BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DI INDONESIA DAN PEMODELAN KAPAL DENGAN DIBANTU KOMPUTER (STUDI KASUS KAPAL IKAN MUNCAR DAN PRIGI)
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Baidowi Achmad , Yulianto Eko Sulkhani
Published: May 2020

A gross tonnage (GT) is a volume capacity of fishing vessel regarding its role in the fisheries resource utilization and management affairs. Information regarding GT is important, hence there is a need to conduct measurement in objective manner. The result of GT recalculation conducted by the Ministry of Transportation on under 30 GT fishing vessels showed that there is a significant difference between the documented GT and recalculated GT which indicates a massive mark down. Consequently, most of owners decline the later result as it goes higher and has impact on operational cost. Regarding that problem, this paper investigates the GT calculation process in Indonesia. In order to provide objective measurement, this research compares the existing GT calculation method and numerical computation. The result reveals that both methods produced different GT, which is about 32% gap for fishing vessels in Muncar and 27% gap in Prigi.Keywords: Gross tonnage, fishing boat, measurement, numerical computation
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING USERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD THE YOUTUBE ADS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PURCHASE INTENTION
Authors: Nabila Shifa , Achyar Adrian
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTResearch Purposes – This study aims to identify five factors in YouTube advertising (entertainment, informativeness, customization, irritation and credibility) which might effect on ad value, and attitude toward YouTube ads, leading to purchase intention of consumers.Methods – The study uses conceptual models where their hypothesis is that the ad value is positively correlated with respect to the attitude toward YouTube ads, which then affects consumer’s purchase intention.Result – This study found that entertainment, customization, and credibility is positively effected to advertising value on YouTube, where ad value has a positive effect on attitude toward YouTube ads and purchase intention of consumer.Research limitations – For this study, our respondents include 248 active YouTube users in Indonesia that will be used for data collection and analysis.Originality/value – In addition, this study found that irritation is negatively effected to advertising advertising value on YouTube, and informativeness has no effect on advertising value on YouTube.Keywords: Ad value, attitude toward YouTube ads, credibility, customization, entertainment, informativeness, irritation, purchase intention.
PENGARUH RISIKO KREDIT DAN RISIKO LIKUIDITAS TERHADAP NET INTEREST MARGIN SESUAI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI PADA BANK UMUM DI INDONESIA PERIODE 2010 - 2017
Authors: Hidayat Arief Anwar , Rizkianto Eko
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh risiko kredit dan risiko likuditas terdapat net interest margin sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi pada bank umum di Indonesia periode 2010-2017. Desain/Metodologi/Pendekatan – Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode analisis fixed effect model GLS Temuan – Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh yang negatif terhadap net interest margin, risiko kredit memiliki pengaruh yang negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap net interest margin, risiko likuiditas memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap net interest margin, risiko kredit sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh yang negatif terhadap net interest margin, risiko likuiditas sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh yang negatif terhadap net interest margin, interaksi risiko kredit dengan risiko likuiditas berpengaruh positif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap net interest margin, dan interaksi risiko kredit dengan risiko likuiditas sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi memiliki pengaruh yang negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap net interest margin Keterbatasan penelitian – Penelitian ini hanya menggunakan sampel 58 bank umum konvensional, Penelitian ini tidak mengklasifikasikan tipe kepemilikan sebagai bank domestik dan bank asing dan penelitian ini hanya meneliti sebagian faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi net interest margint. Originality/value – Penelitian ini menggunakan sejumlah variabel yaitu pertumbuhan ekonomi, risiko kredit, risiko likuiditas, risiko kredit sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi, risiko likuiditas sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi, interaksi risiko kredit dengan risiko likuiditas, interaksi risiko kredit dengan risiko likuiditas sesuai pertumbuhan ekonomi. Variabel kontrol pada penelitian ini adalah beban bank, modal bank, dan ukuran bank Keywords: Bank, net interest margin, pertumbuhan ekonomi, risiko kredit, risiko likuiditas
Formation of Three Selected AGEs and their Corresponding Intermediates in Aldose‐ and Ketose‐lysine Systems
Authors: Xue Chaoyi , Shi Zhenhua , He Zhiyong , Wang Zhaojun , Qin Fang , Chen Jie , Zeng Maomao
Published: May 2020

Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) could be formed with α‐dicarbonyl compounds as intermediates; however, simultaneous determination of AGES as well as their precursors and intermediates have rarely been mentioned, so as to investigate the reaction. In this work, lysine was reacted with aldoses (galactose, glucose) and ketoses (fructose, sorbose) to investigate the effects of sugar type and heating temperature. Two high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed to quantify AGEs and the corresponding α‐dicarbonyl compounds. The results demonstrated that aldoses were more prone to form intermediates and final products than ketoses from the point of view of absorbance (at 294 and 420 nm). Aldose systems were prone to form glyoxal, whereas ketose systems tended to generate methylglyoxal and 3‐deoxyglucosone. The relative reaction activity of sugars in forming Nε‐carboxymethyl‐lysine depended upon heating temperature for aldose and ketose systems. The aldose was more liable to generate Nε‐Carboxyethyl‐lysine (CEL) than ketose, with the CEL generation for each sugar occurred in the order galactose > glucose > sorbose > fructose. The obvious differences between different types of sugars suggest that further research is needed on the degradation of sugars to form intermediates and on the reaction of α‐dicarbonyl to generate AGEs.
LIXO E OS PROBLEMAS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: De Oliveira Maria Aparecida Santos , De Miranda Maria Geralda
Published: May 2020

Lixo corresponde a todos os resíduos gerados pelas atividades humanas que é considerado sem utilidade e que entrou em desuso, e é um fenômeno puramente humano. Rigorosamente, na natureza não existe lixo, pois tudo no ambiente agrega elementos de renovação e reconstrução. O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar alguns aspectos envolvidos com a questão do lixo eletrônico e o uso da logística reversa para minimizar seus efeitos no meio ambiente. Além de contextualização histórica a respeito do tema, o estudo também abordou a estratégia industrial chamada de obsolescência programada e o e-waste (lixo eletrônico), seu conceito e suas consequências para a sociedade. Foram discutidos também questões atinentes à Logística Reversa como forma de minimizar os efeitos causados pelo lixo eletrônico ao meio ambiente, bem como a análise de legislação vigente sobre eliminação de resíduos sólidos.
SOBERANIA DOS ESTADOS E AUTONOMIA DOS POVOS: QUIS CUSTODIET IPSOS CUSTODES? UM BREVE OLHAR CRÍTICO
Authors: De Abreu Laura Dutra
Published: May 2020

O protagonismo da vontade dos povos acima da soberania. Este é um dos principais pilares do pensamento crítico de Luigi Ferrajoli. A presente reflexão busca alinhar a junção contemporânea de soberania dos Estados e a regulação do Direito, trazendo, no entanto, os sujeitos para dentro da narrativa, tirando-os do lugar de passivos que aderem à norma imposta, para efetivos cidadãos corresponsáveis pela regulação dos Estados soberanos, não o atual inverso.
COMPLIANCE NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA SOBRE A NATUREZA DO INSTITUTO NO SETOR PÚBLICO DIANTE DE OUTROS MECANISMOS DE CONTROLE
Authors: Dos Santos Mariana Costa
Published: May 2020

A sociedade brasileira, nos últimos anos, sofreu mudanças na maneira de combater a corrupção do setor público e privado, principalmente após a condenação de agentes públicos do mais alto escalão do país depois do caso “Mensalão” e a recente operação “Lava-Jato”. Neste sentido, a legislação do país acompanhou o movimento da sociedade e trouxe ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro o instituto do compliance. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar de que forma os programas de compliance aplicados na esfera pública podem auxiliar o ente público no combate à corrupção em seus órgãos e no serviço público. Além disso, o artigo apresenta busca analisar de forma crítica sobre a implantação desses programas dentro de um contexto que já é regido por normas de conduta, inclusive constitucionais, mecanismos de controle e prevenção de riscos.
GESTÃO PÚBLICA E A PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR
Authors: Cruz Carlos Henrique , De Oliveira Igor Lacerda , De Miranda Maria Geralda
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho consiste em uma abordagem sobre a participação popular na área da gestão pública. A Constituição do Brasil de 1988 trouxe mecanismos para democratizar e também incentivar a participação popular efetiva na seara pública. Com essas novas regras o Brasil assegura os direitos dos cidadãos em participar efetivamente nas tomadas de decisão governamentais. Para realizar esta pesquisa foram utilizados critérios para busca e seleção dos estudos em bases de dados que relacionassem os temas jurídicos da gestão pública e participação popular para uma melhor compreensão da análise desta revisão sistêmica. Concluiu-se que, mesmo com toda a informação atualmente disponível com a internet, a população ainda não se encontra bem informada sobre os seus direitos de participar da gestão pública, muitas vezes não sabendo nem os direitos que possui. As possibilidades de participação aumentaram significativamente. No entanto, é necessário ampliar o envolvimento dos cidadãos no controle social da gestão pública.
CORREIOS AÉREOS MILITARES: ALIADOS DA ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL DA FAB NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Antunes Claudia Maria Sousa , De Brito Maria Lúcia Valada
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho visa empreender o estudo do processo de criação e implantação do Correio Aéreo Nacional, a princípio como um meio dual, de adestramento dos pilotos militares e de integração nacional e que, em determinado momento, tornou-se um veículo para a execução de ações assistencialistas, por parte do Governo Federal. A História do Correio Aéreo Nacional (CAN) relaciona-se com a inclusão social de populações da Amazônia e a integração nacional. Busca-se resgatar uma parte da História da aviação desde a escola francesa do ensino de pilotos no Campo dos Afonsos até sua dissociação e transferência do Exercito para a Aeronáutica brasileira. Parte-se do princípio de que o processo de escolhas do Comando da Aeronáutica (COMAER), além de ser estratégico, pode salvar vidas.