bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of surgical guide in fully guided dental implant surgery
Authors: Al-Anssari Hussein Bassim , Al-Anee Auday M. , Al-Demirchi Jehan Yawez
Published: February 2023

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to assess the precision of the surgical guide in static fully guided dental implant surgery.Materials and methods: This research was done on partly edentulous patients whose situations were straightforward and did not require bone or soft tissue augmentation. Fourteen patients (ranging in age from 25 to 70) received 40 dental implants at the dental implant unit, oral and maxillofacial surgery center, Gazi Alhariri Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad. Using a surgical guide, the dental implants were guided into the most prosthetically-appropriate location. To evaluate the accuracy of the surgical guide in terms of angular deviation, entry point, and implant depth. The actual post-operative implant position was compared to the designed implant position prior to surgery.Results: The mean for the angular deviation between the designed and post-operation actual implant position was (3.83 ± 2.85) degrees, the depth difference was (1.09 ± 0.81 ) millimeters, and the entry point deviation was (0.91 ± 0.73 ) millimeters.Conclusion: The current study revealed that there was no significant difference between the designed and actual implant position regarding all three variables at a P-value of (0.05). Neither biological nor mechanical complications occurred.
Default Network is Associated with Wise Advising from the 2nd- but not the 3rd- Person Perspective
Authors: Hu Chao S. , Zheng Yanbin , Dong Guang-heng , Glassman Harley , Huang Chenli , Xuan Ran
Published: February 2023

Providing advice to others is an important component of wisdom. We conducted a study to test the hypothesis that the Default Mode Network (DMN) is associated with wisdom when advising from a self-referential perspective. This is due to the involvement of the DMN in reflecting on personal life experiences. Altogether, 52 healthy Chinese adults provided advice on various life dilemmas using a second- or third-person perspective after receiving a resting-state functional MRI scan. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was measured in regions of the DMN and the whole brain during resting states. Moreover, trained raters rated the participants' advice on three wisdom subcomponents (i.e., metacognitive humility (MH), meta-level flexibility, and perspective-taking). The results showed that participants felt a significantly smaller psychological distance from the second- than the third-person perspective when advising protagonists on life dilemmas. Relatedly, the rostral ACC was significantly more associated with MH when advising from the second-person perspective, while the dorsal ACC was more associated with MH from the third-person perspective. The precuneus and calcarine showed significantly greater association with perspective-taking from the second- than the third-person perspective. Therefore, wise advising from distinct perspectives and psychological distances may be differentiated in the brain.
SIRT4 is an independent prognostic factor in bladder cancer and inhibits bladder cancer growth by suppressing autophagy
Authors: Cai Guohao , Wang Huaiwen , Chen Weijia , Liu Shan , Huang Guoyu
Published: February 2023

Background
Nucleosome-localized sirtuin 4 (SIRT4) was found to function as an oncogene and tumor suppressor genes in different tumors, respectively. However, the clinical significance of SIRT4 in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) has not been assessed, as well as the analysis of the function of SIRT4 in BLCA.
Methods
In this study, we assessed the levels of SIRT4 protein in BLCA tissues and its association with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival time of BLCA patients by immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarrays containing 59 BLCA patients. Then, we constructed BLCA cell lines (T24) with overexpression or interference SIRT4 by lentiviral infection. The effects of SIRT4 on the proliferation, migration and invasive ability and of T24 cells were investigated using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, wound healing assays, migration and invasion assays. Moreover, we also investigated the effect of SIRT4 on cell cycle and apoptosis of T24 cells. Mechanistically, we explored the relationship between SIRT4 and autophagy and its role in the inhibition of BLCA.
Results
We found by immunohistochemistry that SIRT4 protein levels were reduced in BLCA and that lower SIRT4 levels were associated with larger tumor volumes, later T-staging and later AJCC staging in BLCA patients and were an independent prognostic factor in BLCA patients. Overexpression with SIRT4 significantly inhibited the proliferative viability, scratch healing capacity, migratory capacity, and invasive capacity of T24 cells while interfering of SIRT4 had the opposite effect. Moreover, overexpression with SIRT4 significantly inhibited cell cycle and increased the apoptosis rate of T24 cells. Mechanistically, SIRT4 inhibits BLCA growth by suppressing autophagic flow.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that SIRT4 is an independent prognostic factor for BLCA, and that SIRT4 function as tumor suppressor role in BLCA. This suggests a potential target for SIRT4 in the diagnosis and treatment of BLCA.
Association of Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Insertion/ Deletion Gene Polymorphism with Preeclampsia Susceptibility in Egyptian women
Authors: Azab Eman Fawzy El , El-kader Rabab Gad , Ali Sameh A. Mohammed , Shaaban Esraa Ibrahim A. , El-Eshmawy Mohamed A. , Hamid Dina Abdel , El-Beltagy Nanis S. , Salem Eman T. , Elsaid Afaf M. , Anber Nahla
Published: February 2023

The current study was designed to investigate the association of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (I / D) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility and clinical pattern of preeclampsia among Egyptian cases from the Nile Delta region. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including Serum levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione-s-transferase, superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide, glutathione peroxidase, endothelin-1, and interleukin-6 as a pro-inflammatory biomarker, were assessed by Elisa. In this study, genotyping, and allelic frequencies of the ACE I/D (rs4646994) variant with preeclampsia susceptibility was about 38.2%. In addition, the results revealed that the ACE/ID (rs4646994) genotype distribution was associated with preeclampsia in the studied population from the Nile Delta region of Egypt. Frequencies of the D allele and DD genotype were significantly increased, while frequencies of the I allele and ID genotype were significantly decreased in the preeclampsia patients when compared with the control subjects (P = 0.014, OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.254–3.233 for DD) and (P = 0.016, OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.061-2.10 for D). Our findings suggest the association between rs4646994 and susceptibility to preeclampsia in Egyptian cases from the Nile Delta region. Examining the impact of ACE gene variants on preeclampsia may be a valuable method for locating and treating women at risk. Moreover, the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme DD genotype and D allele were associated with preeclampsia as risk factors for Egyptian women. There was a significant association between the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and pro-inflammatory biomarker of preeclampsia compared to the healthy group, with P < 0.05.
Experimental Study on Light Weight Concrete using Plastic Waste as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
Authors: Mozumder R. S. , Abedin M. M. , Islam M. T.
Published: February 2023

Waste from plastic materials is outstripped due to the growth of industrialization and urbanization. Plastic materials are non-biodegradable; decomposition is not possible all the time. Recycled plastic materials by using concrete, will be a great deal for plastic management for a certain period. Aims to measure the optimum percentage of plastic in concrete without a reduction in concrete strength. The goal of this experimental investigation is to clarify the shear cracking behavior of reinforced concrete beams with the combination of fine aggregates such as Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (RPET) and Polypropylene (PP) in the weight fraction of fine aggregate. Using the provision of Mix Design ACI 211.1-91, the M28 concrete grade was created. The mechanical characteristics and shear performance were examined for concrete made utilizing various hybrid combinations. Plastic materials were collected and passed through a No-4 sieve (4.76mm). Reinforced concrete beams(750mm*150mm*150mm) and cylinder specimens of concrete (100mm diameter and 200mm height) were made by the mixture of plastic materials as a percentage of total fine aggregate in the mix (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%). The beams were conducted for the shear capacity test and the cylinder specimens for the compressive test and tensile splitting test. The beams are reinforced with two 12 mm steel bars in the tension zone of the beam with a proper clear cover. The experimental findings demonstrate which partial replacement of fine aggregate produced the best outcomes and also analyze shear behavior and fracture development.
Compensating small data with large filters for accurate liver vessel segmentation
Authors: Chen Wen , Zhao Liang , Bian Rongrong , Li Qingzhou , Zhao Xueting , Zhang Ming
Published: February 2023

Background: Segmenting liver vessels on computed tomography images is essential for diagnosing liver diseases, planning surgeries and delivering radiotherapy. Nevertheless, identifying vessels is a challenging task due to the tiny cross-sectional areas occupied by vessels, which has posed great challenges for vessel segmentation, such as limited features to be learned and difficult to construct high-quality as well as large-volume data.
Methods: We present an approach that only requires a few labeled vessels but delivers significantly improved results. Our model starts with vessel enhancement by fading out liver intensity and generates candidate vessels by a classifier fed with a large number of image filters. Afterwards, the initial segmentation is refined using Markov random fields.
Results: In experiments on the well-known dataset 3D-IRCADb, the accuracy is improved to 0.99, and the averaged Dice coefficient is lifted to 0.63. These results are significantly better than those obtained from existing machine-learning approaches and comparable to those generated from deep-learning models.
Conclusion: Sophisticated integration of large number filters is able to pinpoint effective features from liver images that are sufficient to distinguish vessels from other liver tissues under a scarcity of large-volume labeled data. The study can shed light on medical image segmentation, especially for those without sufficient data.
Development of Silica-Collagen Composite as Corneal Substitute through Sol-Gel Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Mandal Dibyendu , Chattopadhyay Himadri , Halder Kumaresh
Published: February 2023

The inherent properties of the healthy cornea, namely its strength, transparency and precise curvature enable it to withstand external injury and provides resistant to intraocular pressure, also allowing 95% transmission of incoming lightand providing 70% of the focusing power of the eye. Corneal transparency is dependent on the specific arrangement of collagen within the stroma. The research thrives for synthesis of a composite comprised of Collagen, the basic protein that can be abundantly found in human body and silica which is biosafe and biocompatible to physiological system and can act as a scaffold for tissue engineering and drug delivery. The starting materials of the synthesis are diluted Silica precursor and two types of collagen-I and III. Collagen type III is predominantly found on the epithelium and endothelium of the cornea which can enhance the mechanical property and optical property of the hybrid. Sol Gel technique has been applied for the synthesis of the composite and finally lyophilized after the pH has been stabilized around 7.2-7.4 to obtain dehydrated silica collagen composite. Optical property of the developed composite closely mimics the collagen hybrids from earlier work in this field. The composite exhibits crystallinity due to the presence of silica as it evidenced from its XRD plot. Other material characterizations, viz. FTIR and SEM have been performed on the sample to identify the microstructural nature of the composite.
Study on Central Tearing Properties of Kapton Membrane
Authors: Liu Yan , Wang Zechen , Fan Lei , Chen Yixian
Published: February 2023

In order to master the tearing properties of Kapton membrane, the main material of the inflatable antenna reflector, research on the tearing property of Kapton membrane has been carried out based on experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The effects of the slit angle and the temperature on the tearing properties of the membrane were respectively considered in two groups of central tearing tests, and the whole slit propagation and failure forms of the membrane were analyzed. According to the test results, it is found that four theories were used to predict its tearing strength under different slit angles, and based on goodness of fit, Thiele empirical formula can better predict the tearing strength of Kapton membrane. XFEM (Extended finite element method) was used to simulate the slit expansion of membrane materials. The results showed that the simulation method could not only well reflect the whole slit propagation of membrane, but also accurately obtain the tearing strength of membrane materials. This paper is the first time to accumulate data for the tearing properties of Kapton menbrane. The conclusions and research methods can provide references for the inflatable structure design and structural safety evaluation of Kapton membrane in engineering applications.
Effects of Ethyl Gallate and Propyl Gallate on Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in C57BL/6J Mice: Preventive and Protective
Authors: Chougule Priyanka Raju , sangaraju rajendra , patil pradeep B , Qadri SSYH , panpatil virendra , bhanoori manjula , Sinha Sukesh Narayan
Published: February 2023

Objective and design: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory condition of the digestive system marked by oxidative stress, leukocyte infiltration, and elevation of inflammatory mediators. In this study, we demonstrate the protective effect of Ethyl gallate (EG), a phytochemical, and Propyl gallate (PG), an antioxidant, given through normal drinking water (DW) and copper water (CW) in various combinations, which had a positive effect on the amelioration of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6J mice.
Materials and methods: We successfully determined the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and Antioxidant enzymes by ELISA, tracked Oxidative/Nitrosative stress (RO/NS) by in vivo imaging (IVIS) using L-012 chemiluminescent probe, disease activity index (DAI), histopathological and morphometric analysis of colon in DSS-induced Colitis in a model.
Results: The results revealed that oral administration of Ethyl gallate and Propyl gallate at a dose of 50 mg/kg considerably reduced the severity of colitis and improved both macroscopic and microscopic clinical symptoms. The limits of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IFN-γ) in colonic tissue were considerably reduced in the DSS+EG-treated and DSS+PG-treated groups, compared to the DSS alone treated group. IVIS imaging of animals from the DSS+EG and DSS+PG treated groups showed a highly significant decrease in RO/NS species relative to the DSS control group, with the exception of the DSS+PG/CW and DSS+EG+PG/CW treated groups. We also observed lower levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) and higher levels of GST and superoxide dismutase (SOD). In addition, we showed that the EG, PG, and EG+PG-treated groups had a healing impact on DAI score, body weight, and colon length in mice with DSS-induced colitis. In this 21-day study, mice were treated daily with test substances and were challenged to DSS from day 7 to 14.
Conclusion: Our study highlights the protective effect of ethyl gallate and propyl gallate in various combinations which, in pre-clinical animals, serves as an anti-inflammatory drug against the severe form of colitis, indicating its potential for the treatment of IBD in humans. In addition, propyl gallate was investigated for the first time in this study for its anti-colitogenic effect with normal drinking water and reduced effect with copper water.
A half-discrete Hilbert-type inequality in the whole plane with the constant factor related to cotangent function
Authors: You Minghui
Published: February 2023

In this work, by the introduction of some parameters, a new half-discrete kernel function in the whole plane is defined, which involves both the homogeneous and the non-homogeneous cases. By employing some techniques of real analysis, especially the way of weight function, a new half-discrete Hilbert-type inequality with the new kernel function, as well as its equivalent Hardy-type inequalities are established. Moreover, it is proved that the constant factors of the newly obtained inequalities are the best possible. Lastly, assigning special values to the parameters, some new half-discrete Hilbert-type inequalities with special kernels are presented at the end of the paper.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 26D15, 26D10; Secondary 47B38.
Sinonasal Renal Cell Like Adenocarcinoma; A Report of Rare Entity with Emphasis on its Association with Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome
Authors: AlMadan Nasser , AlMohammed Abdulrahman , Bardisi Mahmoud , AlGhamdi Doaa
Published: February 2023

Background
Sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma (SNRCLA) is a rare entity that was introduced to head and neck tumors classification on 2017 as an emerging entity. Clinically, it could be asymptomatic or show non-specific symptoms like epistaxis, nasal obstruction, or hyposmia. Diagnosis of the lesion is challenging, especially in small biopsies, and requires utilization of clinical, radiological, histopathological and ancillary tests for accurate characterization of the lesion. There is around 20 cases reported in the literature with 3 cases associated with VHL syndrome.
Case Presentation
A 41 years old female with a nasal mass for two years ago that presented initially as frequent epistaxis from the right side. Histopathological examination revealed proliferation of clear cells associated with hemorrhagic background forming follicular and glandular structure and dense eosinophilic secretion. Tumor cells were diffusely positive for CK7, EMA, and Inhibin while were negative for CK20, P63, CK 5/6, CD10, RCC, TTF1, PAX8, CEA, and GATA3. Proliferation index (KI67) was less than 5% (Figure.3). The diagnosis was consistent with sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma. The patient has no recurrence and no symptoms after 1 year.
Conclusion:
Our study report a rare case of SNRCLA with discussion of the histological features and its association with VHL syndrome.
Periodontitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Yu Feiyan , Wu Dongchao , Han Chong , Wang Qianqian , Yang Yang , Li Yi , Qin Rao , Xu Linkun , Chen Yue , He Dongning
Published: February 2023

Background
Previous observational and epidemiological studies have reported the association between periodontitis (PD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, evidence from long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the causal relationship between PD and NAFLD.
Methods
Genetic information for individuals of European ancestry with PD (17,353 clinically diagnosed cases and 28,210 controls) and NAFLD (8,434 clinically diagnosed cases and 770,180 controls) were obtained using published genome-wide association study statistics, following which we conducted two-sample bivariate Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses. Various techniques such as inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods were used to calculate the causal relationship between exposure and the result.
Results
No causal effect of genetically determined PD on NAFLD existed (odds ratio [OR] = 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90–1.10, P = 0.95). Furthermore, no causal effect of NAFLD on PD was observed in the reverse MR analysis (OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.92–1.13, P = 0.63). No heterogeneity was observed between individual single nucleotide polymorphisms pursuant to the heterogeneity assessment (Q > 0.1). Horizontal pleiotropy pursuant to the outcomes of MR-Egger regression and MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier overall tests (P > 0.1) were less likely to distort the causal relationship between PD and NAFLD.
Conclusion
Collectively, we did not find substantial evidence to support a causal association between PD and NAFLD in this bidirectional MR study.
Clinical relevance:
Periodontitis does not seem to be a risk factor for worsening of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Viscosity for Eight Gaseous and Vapor Mixtures: Revisited from Experiment between 297 K and 638 K. Final and Preliminary Values for the Interaction Viscosity and for the Product of Molar Density and Diffusion Coefficient in the Limit of Zero Density
Authors: Vogel Eckhard
Published: February 2023

Low-density viscosity measurements on eight gaseous and vapor mixtures between 297 K and 638 K, originally performed using oscillating-disk viscometers, were re-evaluated after improved re-calibration. The relative combined expanded (k=2) uncertainty of the re-evaluated data is 0.2 % near room temperature and increases to 0.3 % at higher temperatures. The re-evaluated data were converted into quasi-isothermal viscosity data. Those for carbon dioxide-ethane, propane-isobutane, and methanol-triethylamine could be used to determine the zero-density and initial density viscosities, etamix(0) and etamix(1). The etamix(0) data for carbon dioxide-ethane agree almost perfectly with viscosity values theoretically computed for the nonspherical potential of the intermolecular interaction. Three procedures were applied to determine the interaction viscosity, etaij(0), and the product of molar density and diffusion, (rho Dij)(0), both in the limit of zero density. In a first procedure only applicable for the three mentioned mixtures, etaij(0) values were derived from the etamix(0) data additionally requiring Aijast values (ratio between effective cross sections of viscosity and diffusion). This procedure should provide the best results when it is possible to use Aijast values computed for the nonspherical potential. This was only feasible for carbon dioxide-ethane, for which the experimentally based etaij(0) and (rho Dij)(0) data perfectly agree with theoretically calculated values. For the seven other mixtures, the resulting data represent only preliminary ones. The second and third procedures were applied to the six vapor mixtures methanol with triethylamine, benzene, and cyclohexane and benzene with toluene, p-xylene, and phenol. The resulting data showed a density dependence and were extrapolated to zero density.
Mobility of trace elements underneath irrigated agricultural fields: implication of dryland soil and water quality along the Rio Grande Valley
Authors: Sosa Emmanuel , Ma Lin , Engle Mark , Jin Lixin
Published: February 2023

Trace elements are loaded to agricultural soils through irrigation, application of pesticides and fertilizers, potentially deteriorating soil quality, and contaminating underlying groundwater resources. In western Texas along the Rio Grande valley, cropland is developed on floodplain sediments of different particle sizes, where intensive irrigation mobilizes the salts, nutrients and trace elements from the agricultural fields. This study focuses on seven trace elements (As, Pb, P, Zn, V, B, and Fe) in soils and natural waters at a pecan orchard in Tornillo, Texas, to understand their geochemical behaviors and toxicity. Soluble forms of these trace elements were predominantly loaded onto soils through irrigation water. Soil amendments also contributed, and were important sources for nutrients Zn and P. Trace element sequestration was examined through sequential extraction, and the acid leachable fractions of soil samples contained much higher concentrations than water leachable salt fractions, suggesting co-precipitation with secondary carbonate and Al/Fe oxyhydroxide phases. Solubility of V and Fe are controlled by redox conditions, and dictated by flood irrigation events and thus fluctuations in groundwater table. Above soils of finer particles, where water infiltration is limited, and salts and pedogenic carbonates mostly accumulate, trace elements also become concentrated, without draining to the shallow groundwater and drainage canals. The trace element concentrations in shallow groundwaters were variable, but generally much lower for P and much higher for Zn than those in irrigation waters or soil waters. Natural soils have surprisingly high concentrations of trace elements, even more so than some agricultural soils, probably due to movement of solutes from shallow groundwaters via the capillary force over much longer timescales under dryland conditions. This interpretation is supported by the finer particle sizes observed at the bottom of the natural soil core. Our study highlights that irrigation has modified the water dynamics, the geochemical conditions, and thus the mobility versus retention of trace elements in soils.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and belowground herbivore interact to determine plant productivity and subsequent conspecifics performance by changing plant metabolites
Authors: Wang Dingli , Pan Mengqin , Biere Arjen , Ding Jianqing
Published: February 2023

Insect herbivores and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) often occur simultaneously on a host plant, altering plant morphological and biochemical traits and thereby not only affecting each other’s performance, but also plant interactions with subsequent above- or belowground herbivores. Here, we investigate the combined effects of AMF and above- and belowground herbivory on plant productivity and performance of subsequent above- and belowground herbivores. We conducted a 3×2 full-factorial experiment with three factors of ‘Herbivory (no herbivory, leaf herbivory, and tuber herbivory) and two factors of ‘AMF inoculation’ (no AMF inoculation and AMF inoculation) in the tuber-plant, potato (Solanum tuberosum). We showed that both AMF and tuber herbivory increased tuber biomass and tuber primary metabolites (protein, starch). Tuber herbivory reduced the performance of subsequent conspecifics feeding on leaves potentially via increased leaf levels of phenolics, α-solanine and α-chaconine. By contrast, it increased the performance of subsequent conspecifics feeding on tubers potentially via increased protein, however, only in plants inoculated with AMF. This indicates that the belowground facilitation among conspecific insects was contingent upon the presence of AMF. Leaf herbivory did not affect subsequent above- or belowground insect performance. These feedings improve our understanding of the ecological consequences of antagonists and mutualists interactions mediated by phytochemistry, especially for agroecosystems.
Green and low-cost synthesis of N and P double doped porous carbon derived from Sonchus arvensis L for simultaneous electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid
Authors: Sun Qiaoqian , Liang Xiaolong , Liu Zuohua , Li Gong , Zhang Yijiao , Jin Siwei , Pu Hongchen , Yin Miao , Yu Jinyin , Yan Wanying , Fa Huanbao , Yin Wei
Published: February 2023

N and P double doped porous carbon derived from Sonchus arvensis L at different carbonization temperatures (700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C) were prepared by a simple one-step activation pyrolysis for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of AA, DA and UA. Compared with SaL-700 and SaL-900, the Sal-800 show excellent electrochemical sensing ability. Therefore, further electrochemical sensing studies were carried out by using SaL-800. The linear range of AA was 200-6000 μM., the sensitivity was 0.06 μA·μM-1·cm-2, and the detection limit was 76 μM (S/N=3). The sensitivity of DA was 9.81 μA·μM-1·cm-2(0.5-20 μM) and 39.69 μA·μM-1·cm-2(20-90 μM), and the detection limit was 0.11 μM (S/N=3). The sensitivity of UA was 0.81 μA·μM-1·cm-2(10-100 μM) and 4.05 μA·μM-1·cm-2(100-900 μM), and the detection limit was 2.70 μM (S/N=3). In addition, satisfactory results have been obtained for the determination of AA, DA and UA in normal human serum, which provides a new research direction for the construction of electrochemical sensors in the future.
Combining local cryoablation with PD-L1 blockade synergistically eradicates established murine lung cancer by modulating mitochondrial in PD-1+CD8+ T cell
Authors: Zhai Jia-Wei , Lv Lei-lei , Wu Jia-juan , Zhang Yao-xin , Shen Yu , Qu Qiu-xia , Chen Cheng
Published: February 2023

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has shown improvement in overall survival for lung cancer in clinical trials. However, monotherapies have limited efficacy in improving outcomes and benefit only a subset of patients. Combination therapies targeting multiple pathways can augment an immune response to improve survival further. Here, we demonstrate that combinatorial anti-PD-L1/cryoablation therapy generated a synergistic antitumor activity in the established lung cancer model. Importantly, it was observed that this favorable antitumor immune response comes predominantly from the PD-1 + CD8 + T cells generated after the combination therapy, referred as improvement of IFN-γ production and mitochondrial metabolism, which resembled highly functional effectors CD8 + T cells. Notably, the cellular levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen and membrane potential excessively coincided with alteration of IFN-γ secretion in PD-1 + CD8 + T subset. So far, anti-PD-L1/cryoablation therapy selectively derived the improvement of depolarized mitochondria in PD-1 + CD8 + T cell subset, subsequently rebuild the anti-tumor function of the exhausted CD8 + T cells. Collectively, there is considerable interest in anti-PD-L1 plus cryoablation combination therapy for patients with lung cancer, and defining the underlying mechanisms of the observed synergy.
Exosome-transmitted FOSL1 from cancer-associated fibroblasts drives colorectal cancer stemness and chemoresistance through transcriptionally activating ITGB4
Authors: Lin Shanshan , Zhu Bo
Published: February 2023

Background
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been proved to facilitate colorectal cancer (CRC) development, either with boosting chemo-resistance by communicating with CRC cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.
Methods
Relative expressions of FOSL1 and ITGB4, either with their correlations in CRC tissues were assessed using qRT-PCR analysis. Also, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed for evaluating the prognosis. Identification of CAFs was determined by the detection of specific makers (α-SMA, FAP, and FSP1) using western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Cell proliferation, self-renewal capacity and cell apoptosis were estimated by CCK-8, sphere-formation and flow cytometry assays. Transcriptional regulation of FOSL1 on integrin β4 (ITGB4) was confirmed using ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays.
Results
Increased FOSL1 and ITGB4 in CRC tissues was both positively correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. Interestingly, FOSL1 was enriched in the CAFs isolated from CRC stroma, instead of ITGB4. Co-culture CRC cells with CAFs-conditioned medium (CAFs-CM) increased FOSL1 expression, promoted cell proliferation and oxaliplatin resistance, these effects could be blocked by exosome inhibitor (GW4869). Under the treatment of CAFs-derived exosomal FOSL1, CRC cells exhibited stronger proliferative ability and oxaliplatin resistance.
Conclusion
Our results uncovered that CAFs-derived exosomes could transfer FOSL1 to CRC cells, thereby promoting CRC cell proliferation, stemness, and oxaliplatin resistance by transcriptionally activating ITGB4.
A New ANN Technique for Short-Term Wind Speed Forecasting Based on SCADA System Data in Turkey
Authors: Reja R. K. , Amin Ruhul , Tasneem Zinat , Abhi Sarafat Hussain , Ali Md. Firoj , Badal Md. Faisal Rahman
Published: February 2023

The restored interest now receives renewable energy due to the global decline in greenhouse gas emanations and fossil fuel combustion. The fasted growing energy source, wind energy generation, is recognized as a clean energy source that has grown fast and is used extensively in wind power-producing facilities. This study’s short-term wind speed estimations are made using a multivariate model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) that combines several local measurements, including wind speed, wind direction, LV active power, and theoretical power curve. The dataset was received from Turkey’s SCADA system at 10-minute intervals, and the actual data validated the expected performance. The research took wind speed into account as an input parameter and created a multivariate model. To perform prediction outcomes on time series data, an algorithm such as an artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized. The experiment verdicts reveal that the ANN algorithm produces reliable predicting results when metrics like MSE and RMSE are considered.
Comparison of electromagnetically impacted and electromagnetic forming limit curves for AA5182-O aluminum alloy sheet
Authors: Liu Wei , Wu Jinjie , Liu Jili , Meng Zhenghua , Li Jiaqi , Huang Shangyu
Published: February 2023

The strain paths of electromagnetic forming limit curve are usually limited due to the restricted design of coil, die or workpiece. The electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment was suggested to obtain the high speed forming limit curve of AA5182-O aluminum alloy sheet. The hemispherical punch was pushed by the drive plate with the Lorentz forces to impact the workpiece. The cross section method was used to determine the experimental limit strains of workpieces. The electromagnetic and mechanical fields were sequentially coupled for numerical simulation of the electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment, and the equivalent plastic strain increment ratios of the necking and safe zones were calculated to determine the simulated limit strains. A series of linear strain paths were attained to contain the uniaxial tension to biaxial tension states. The experimental and simulated forming limit curves showed good agreement to validate the electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment. The electromagnetically impacted forming limit curve was compared with the quasi-static and electromagnetic forming limit curves. Although the electromagnetically impacted forming limit curve is lower than the electromagnetic one, it is higher than the quasi-static one.
Fragrance compounds analysis of chrysanthemum
Authors: Wang Zhiling , Zhao Xin , Tang Xiaowei , Yuan Yixin , Xiang Mengxia , Xu Yanjie , Hong Bo , Gu Zhaoyu
Published: February 2023

Chrysanthemum morifolium is one of the four major cut flowers in the world and has important ornamental and economic value. Flower fragrance is an important ornamental character of chrysanthemum, especially for tea and edible chrysanthemum, and the excellent fragrance determines its commercial value. At present, however, chrysanthemum is mostly chrysanthemum fragrance and medicinal fragrance, and the research on chrysanthemum flower fragrance mainly focuses on the composition and content of fragrancetic substances, and there is no clear classification of fragrance types. Here, we divided chrysanthemum fragrance into six categories by sensory evaluation, and detected the fragrance components and contents of every representative chrysanthemum with different fragrance types by GC-MS. In addition, we analyzed the genetic conservative substances of fruity fragrance chrysanthemum with multi-functional development potential, which provided a theoretical basis for creating new chrysanthemum germplasm with specific fragrance types, which was conducive to accelerating the biological breeding process of chrysanthemum with new fragrance types.
Rickettsia infection rate along an altitudinal gradient as influenced by population genetic structure of Ixodid ticks
Authors: Regilme Maria Angenica F. , Sato Megumi , Tamura Tsutomu , Arai Reiko , Sato Marcello Otake , Ikeda Sumire , Watanabe Kozo
Published: February 2023

Ixodid ticks, such as Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis flava, are important vectors of tick-borne diseases in Japan, such as Japanese spotted fever caused by Rickettsia japonica (i.e., the pathogen). This study describes the population genetic structure and gene flow of I. ovatus and H. flava and their Rickettsia infection rates along an altitudinal gradient. A total of 346 adult I. ovatus and 243 H. flava were analyzed for the presence of Rickettsia by targeting the 17kDA, gltA, rOmpA, and rOmpB genes. Population genetic structure was performed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) marker. The Rickettsia infection rates were 13.26% in I. ovatus and 6.17% in H. flava. For I. ovatus, the global FST value revealed significant genetic differentiation among the different populations, whereas H. flava showed non-significant genetic differentiation. The cox1 I. ovatus cluster dendrogram showed two cluster groups, while the haplotype network and phylogenetic tree showed three genetic groups. The two cluster groups and the three genetic groups found in I. ovatus showed a significant difference in their Rickettsia infection rates and mean altitude per group. No significant differences were found in the mean altitude or Rickettsia infection rates of H. flava. Our results suggest that low gene flow in the I. ovatus populations have caused spatially heterogenous Rickettsia infection rates along the altitudinal gradient. This information is essential in understanding the relationship between the tick vector, its pathogen, and environmental factors, such as altitude.
Milling performance of Ti2AlNb by DC short electric arc machining based on different electrode materials
Authors: Yin Xianhe , Zhou Jianping , Chen Xiaokang , Guo Xunjun , Wang Bingbing , Xu Yan
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a novel efficient and sustainable electrical discharge machining method, referred to as short electric arc machining (SEAM), is proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency, severe tool wear, and high cost of Ti2AlNb machining by traditional methods. The mechanism of SEAM with different voltages and tool electrode materials (W70Cu30, high-purity graphite, copper-plated graphite, and 304 stainless steel) is studied using a DC power supply, and the workpiece material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Sa), and relative tool wear rate (RTWR) are analyzed. In addition, the surface morphology, cross-sectional morphology, elemental distribution, and microhardness of Ti2AlNb after processing are investigated. The experimental results show that under 28 V, the W70Cu30 electrode achieves the highest MRR of 2571 mm3/min, which is higher than that of the other three electrode materials. It has also the lowest RTWR of the electrode and a relative electrode loss of only 0.0974%. The lowest surface roughness and heat affected layer of the workpiece after machining are 53.2 µm and 56.54 µm, respectively. The absolute difference of the width of the cross-section of the workpiece is the smallest, and the hardness of the recast layer of the workpiece is close to the hardness of the base metal, which is conducive to further processing.
Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in urban-rural interfaces: community structure associated with pathogen monitoring in the largest metropolitan region in Brazil
Authors: Brito João Eduardo Cavalcanti , Mello Beatriz Gagete , Gaeta Natália Carrillo , Batista Juliana Maria Nunes , Brito Tiago Roberto , Agostinho Washington , Brandão Paulo Eduardo , Heinemann Marcos Bryan , Dias Ricardo Augusto
Published: February 2023

Of the 181 Brazilian bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera), 46,7% occur in urban areas. However, little is known about the influence of these environments on species’ ecology, and few studies about urban bat community structure in Brazil have been published to date. The urbanization process, however, potentially lead to critical ecological changes in bat communities’ intra and interspecific pathogenic transmissions dynamics. Conversely, few published papers detected pathogens in urban bats. The present work aimed to perform bat captures in a preserved-rural-urban gradient from 2021 to 2022 to investigate how urbanization influences their richness, relative abundance, and activity degree. Most captured bats were Phyllostomidae, especially Sturnira lillium, Artibeus lituratus, A. fimbriatus, Glossophaga soricina, and Platyrrhinus lineatus, among others. From preserved-rural towards urban areas the lesser the bat richness, the higher the relative abundance of the captured bats. Noise level, luminosity and relative humidity correlated with bat abundance. The proportion of genders, sexually active bats and their size (weight, right forearm length, and body mass index) were stable throughout the investigation. Still, the proportion of pregnant females was higher in Spring and the number of juveniles in Summer, evidencing the seasonality of reproduction. No viruses (rabies and coronavirus), Salmonella spp. and Leptospira spp. were detected in the sample. Still, several Enterobacteria were isolated, evidencing a significant role of bats in the circulation of pathogens of medical and veterinary interest. These results are crucial in the pursuit of an harmonious coexistence between humans, bats and domestic animals in areas with different levels of anthropization.
Maturity Grading of Jujube for Industrial Applications Harnessing Deep Learning
Authors: Mahmood Atif , Tiwari Amod Kumar , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Ali Mohd. Mohsin
Published: February 2023

Jujube is one of the popular fruits that possess high nutritional components and have economic value. Grading of jujube is a post-harvest process applied in the fruit industry for the tasks like fruit quality check, fruit species identification, price labelling, edibility duration estimation, safety, etc. This research investigates the proposed customised-CNN model and two classical models (i.e., VGG16 and AlexNet) for grading jujube fruits according to their stages of maturity. Primarily, jujube of four different maturity grades was identified on the field and collected from the field manually and their images were captured through a machine vision system. Further, image pre-processing and augmentation were performed to get the training/testing-ready dataset. Finally, a customised-CNN model was deployed and grading performance was examined over the original and augmented dataset using performance metrics of precision, sensitivity, and F1-measure. Furthermore, the model's classification accuracy was compared to that of classical models, where the proposed model surmounts both the classical models. Results reveal that the proposed model attained a high grading accuracy of 99.44% and 97.53% over the augmented and original datasets respectively. Also, the computation time and training parameters count were reduced to almost one-tenth and one-third of that of the VGG16 and AlexNet models. Results advocate that the classical model could be replaced with the proposed customized-CNN model and can be further investigated for other fruits for better classification accuracy, reduced parameters and reduced computational time.
The association between adherence to Alternative Healthy Diet Index (AHEI) and severity, disability, duration, and frequency of migraine headache among women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khalili Pardis , Mirzababaei Atieh , Abaj Faezeh , Harsini Asma Rajabi , Hajmir Mahya Mehri , Clark Cain C. T. , Mirzaei Khadijeh
Published: February 2023

Background
Migraine is a common brain disorder with pain characteristics that can be defined by moderate to severe unilateral throbbing pain, worsening in physical activity, and can be associated with nausea. Migraine headaches can be caused by numerous factors, including diet. This study aimed to assess the association of adherence to Alternative Healthy Diet Index (AHEI) and severity, disability, duration, and frequency of migraine headache.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 266 women (18 to 50 years old) who suffered with migraines, who visited the brain and neurology clinics of Khatam al-Anbia and Sina hospitals and the professional headache clinic in Tehran, were selected. Anthropometric measurements and demographic information were collected. Dietary intake in the past year was assessed using a semi-quantitative, 147-item, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). AHEI was calculated based on FFQ, and episodic migraine was diagnosed by a neurologist. The Migraine Disability Assessments (MIDAS) questionnaire was used to evaluate migraine disability and migraine severity, visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaire was used to measure pain, and duration and frequency were ascertained via questionnaire.
Results
People with high adherence to AHEI, compared with low adherence, had a 43% reduction in headache duration in the crude model (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34, 0.97; P = 0.03), which remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.31, 0.99; P = 0.04). However, other variables, VAS, MIDAS and frequency of headache in month, were not significant.
Conclusion
Regarding the association between migraine headache and AHEI, the results of our study showed that people with high adherence of AHEI had a reduction in duration of migraine. Further studies are suggested to better evaluate and understand this association.
Awareness and Perception of Preprints in the Scholarly Community: A Study on India and the SAARC Region
Authors: Das Susmita , Gutam Sridhar
Published: February 2023

A survey of 356 respondents was conducted in April and May 2020 to collect their views and experiences with publications and preprints. Most respondents were from India and were in the field of agricultural science. The survey found that "Journal's Impact Factor" was considered the most important factor when choosing a suitable journal for publication. Most respondents had paid Article Processing Charges (APCs) for their publications, with funding coming from various sources such as project funds, institutional support, and personal funds. Respondents expressed trust in preprints and preferred to use institutional repositories as their preprint platform. The main drivers for sharing preprints were increased indexing, citation and visibility, and the inclusion of preprints in the assessment. Most respondents never cited preprints and reported that their pre-prints had never been cited. Additionally, most respondents reported never editing or withdrawing their pre-prints.