bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internações hospitalares no Brasil por transtornos do disco intervertebral
Authors: Gomes Danyane Simão , Reis Juliana Ribeiro Gouveia , Saturnino Alanna Simão Gomes , Ventura Renato
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Os problemas crônicos da coluna vertebral, incluindo os transtornos dos discos intervertebrais, são importantes fatores causadores de comorbidades entre adultos, os quais podem necessitar de internação hospitalar, impactando diretamente nos gastos públicos. Objetivos: identificar a frequência de internações hospitalares devido a transtornos discais e os valores gastos por estes serviços hospitalares públicos no Brasil. Material e métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo transversal e quantitativo, cujos dados foram obtidos em agosto de 2024, por meio de informações sobre Morbidade Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), disponibilizados pelo DATASUS, no período entre janeiro de 2021 a junho de 2024. As informações foram extraídas são referentes à Classificação Internacional das Doenças (CID): “Doenças do sistema osteomuscular e do tecido conjuntivo”, na lista morbidades – transtornos discais cervicais e outros transtornos discais intervertebrais na faixa etária de 20 a 59 anos, de ambos os sexos. Resultados e discussão: Entre janeiro de 2021 a junho de 2024 houve 33848 internações hospitalares devido aos transtornos discais, sendo a maior frequência encontrada na região sudeste (15136 casos). Quanto aos valores gastos por serviços hospitalares no Brasil devido a estes transtornos, encontrou-se um total de R$ 114717233,15. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que o número de internações hospitalares no Brasil por transtornos discais é preocupante, já que poderia ser prevenido, além disso, dispende alto gasto público. Desta forma, destaca-se a necessidade de ações de promoção e prevenção da saúde, com atuação da equipe da atenção básica, na prevenção de comorbidades relacionadas a este tipo de disfunção.
Effects of Tocilizumab on mortality and hospital length of stay in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vieira Guilherme Nicácio , Mohr Eduarda Talita Bramorski , Lubschinski Tainá Larissa , Remualdo Robson Juan , Rosa Julia Salvan da , Kretzer Iara Fabrícia , Demarchi Izabel Galhardo , Dalmarco Eduardo Monguilhott
Published: February 2025

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays an important role in the progression of COVID-19, reinforcing the possible efficacy of treatment with Tocilizumab (TCZ). However, there is no scientific confirmation that proves the real effectiveness of TCZ on mortality or length of hospital stay in patients with SARS-CoV-2. To update the evidence on TCZ treatment in patients with COVID-19 based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. We carried out searches based on the acronym PICOS in 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane and Web of Science). The assessment of methodological quality was carried out using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool Risk of Bias 2 (RoB-2). The certainty of the evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE approach). The quantitative analysis was conducted using the software Review Manager 5.4. Of the 327 articles identified, 12 were included. Mortality was not influenced by treatment with TCZ compared to placebo or standard treatment (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.82-1.04; p=0.17; I2=0%, p=0.63), and the certainty of the evidence was low. Five studies were considered for length of hospital stay (mean difference: -2.61; 95% CI from -5.41 to 0.19; p=0.07; I2=99%, p<0.001), the cumulative evidence it was very low. The risk of bias was low in 10 included studies. TCZ was not efficient in reducing mortality in patients with COVID-19 during hospital admission, but the true effect may be substantially different from the estimated effect. For length of hospital stay, the use of TCZ in patients with COVID-19 did not show a significant reduction in length of stay.
Adenocarcinoma de retossigmoide em uma gestante: um relato de caso
Authors: Almeida Gustavo Henrique Silva , Muller Rafael , Morais Isabella Cristina Oliveira , Vidal Heloísa Malaquias , Neto Sidney Ferreira de Moraes , Cintra Karla Cristina , Piassa João Pedro Monteiro
Published: February 2025

O câncer colorretal (CCR) em gestantes é uma condição rara ocorrendo em média em 1 a cada 13.000 gestações. Seu diagnóstico pode ser difícil devido as alterações fisiológicas provocadas pela gravidez, sendo o tumor na maioria das vezes diagnosticado em fase avançada. Exames complementares como raio-x, ultrassonografia, sigmoidoscopia e ressonância magnética são considerados seguros durante a gestação, sendo a primeira opção nessas pacientes. O tratamento é multifatorial e envolve diversos fatores éticos, devendo ser levado em consideração a saúde do binômio mãe-feto, sendo de suma importância a idade gestacional e estágio do tumor. Neste relato, apresentamos o caso de uma gestante de 18 semanas com quadro de abdomen agudo obstrutivo devido adenocarcinoma colorretal no qual foi realizao tratamento cirúrgico.
Retrato epidemiológico da tuberculose drogarresistente no Brasil entre os anos de 2013 e 2023
Authors: Silva Helen Rosa Magalhães da , Silva Joyce Tavares da , Prado Morgana Kelly Borges
Published: February 2025

A tuberculose (TB) é uma infecção causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis, um bacilo aeróbio, altamente patogênico e resistente a diversos medicamentos. A resistência medicamentosa é um fator que contribui para o aumento na disseminação do bacilo e consequente dificuldade na erradicação da doença. Compreender os fatores que implicam na incidência da TB e da TB-DR no Brasil, pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas mais efetivas. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose droga-resistente (TB-DR) no Brasil entre 2013 e 2023. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo a partir de dados extraídos do sistema de notificação do Ministério da Saúde, o Tabnet - DATASUS. Os dados foram tabulados no software Microsoft Excel® e analisados para identificar possíveis características associadas à prevalência da TB-DR. A análise dos dados revelou um aumento progressivo de casos de TB e de TB-DR entre 2013 e 2023. Fatores de risco, como a presença de comorbidades, o abandono do tratamento e condições socioeconômicas adversas, foram identificados como determinantes significativos da resistência medicamentosa. Conclui- se que implementar políticas públicas que promovam a prevenção e o tratamento das comorbidades, a redução das desigualdades sociais e a prevenção do abandono do tratamento são ações essenciais na luta contra a TB-DR no Brasil.
Uso da dietoterapia chinesa e da alimentação cardioprotetora brasileira no contexto da hipertensão arterial e do diabetes tipo 2: revisão integrativa
Authors: Ferreira Emerson Pinheiro , Menezes Amanda Caroline Cardoso Corrêa Carlos , Alencar Kamila de Freitas
Published: February 2025

As Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT), como hipertensão arterial (HA) e diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), são graves problemas de saúde pública no Brasil e no mundo, contribuindo significativamente para a mortalidade. O Guia de Alimentação Cardioprotetora, elaborado pelo Ministério da Saúde e o Hospital do Coração (HCor), promove uma dieta saudável que objetiva a prevenção de DCNT, utilizando um sistema de cores para facilitar a adesão às recomendações alimentares no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). A Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PNPIC) do sistema único de saúde (SUS) encoraja o uso de abordagens integrativas, incluindo a Medicina Tradicional Chinesa (MTC) e a dietoterapia chinesa, na prevenção e recuperação da saúde. A MTC, fundamentada nas teorias do Yin e Yang e dos cinco elementos, utiliza alimentos para promover saúde e tratar doenças, de acordo com as necessidades individuais. Estudos demonstram que a dietoterapia chinesa pode complementar tratamentos convencionais para HA e DM2. Este artigo descreve e analisa as diretrizes brasileiras e a dietoterapia chinesa, destacando as semelhanças e diferenças entre as práticas nutricionais ocidentais e chinesas. Também explora a integração dessas abordagens no SUS, possibilitando uma nova forma de atendimento dietoterápico preventivo aos pacientes com HA e DM2.
Aptidão física na PMPR: impactos da periodicidade do TAF na manutenção da saúde e eficiência operacional dos policiais militares
Authors: Paulo Hericson Augusto Cruz de , Cruz Cleiton José
Published: February 2025

Este estudo aborda a relação entre a periodicidade do Teste de Aptidão Física (TAF) e a eficiência operacional dos policiais militares da Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR), considerando a importância da aptidão física para o desempenho das funções policiais. Objetiva-se verificar os impactos da realização anual do TAF sobre a manutenção da aptidão física e a promoção de um estilo de vida saudável. Para tanto, foi adotada uma metodologia qualitativa, com abordagem exploratória, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e análise documental das normativas institucionais da PMPR. Desse modo, observou-se que a baixa frequência da avaliação compromete a motivação para a prática contínua de atividades físicas e enfraquece a cultura do condicionamento físico dentro da corporação. Conclui-se que a periodicidade do TAF deve ser revista, com a sugestão de redução do intervalo entre os testes, a fim de melhorar a preparação física, a saúde ocupacional e a eficiência operacional dos policiais militares, contribuindo para a segurança pública.
Reabilitação cirúrgico-protética de mutilação ocasionada por trauma com arma de fogo: relato de caso
Authors: Sena Júlia Damaris Barros de , Silva Franklin Barbosa da , Azevedo Louan Soares de , Aguiar Felipe Muniz
Published: February 2025

Lesões que são causadas por armas de fogo, preocupam muita a sociedade, em especial a saúde pública. Devido aos danos que podem causar, muitas vezes de maneira irreversível. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de um paciente com mutilação maxilofacial causada por arma de fogo. Paciente do gênero masculino, 40 anos, compareceu a clínica odontológica da Universidade Nilton Lins relatando ausência de elementos dentários devido o trauma por arma de fogo. O tratamento proposto foi o cirúrgico-protético, com bridectomia e confecção de prótese parcial removível obturadora. Foi realizada a moldagem anatômica dos arcos, e, nos modelos observou-se a impossibilidade de reabilitação do arco inferior. Após o delineamento, foi indicada a construção de prótese parcial removível com grampo de ação de ponta em I no 23, nos dentes 14, 15 e 17 grampos circunferenciais de Ackers. Como conector maior preconizou-se um chapeado palatino parcial com prolongamento da grade retentiva do acrílico na região da comunicação. Seguiu-se para a moldagem de trabalho pela técnica da moldagem dupla, o modelo resultante foi encaminhado para a confecção da armação metálica. Após a prova desta, foram construídos a porção obturadora e o plano de orientação em cera 7, após ajustes de ambos, o conjunto foi montado em articulador. Os dentes artificiais foram provados com sucesso e a prótese foi polimerizada. Ao fim, foi feita a instalação e ajuste oclusal. A prótese obturadora foi o melhor tratamento proposto.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 Secreted from Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Glutathione Levels Alleviates Osteoarthritis via Paracrine Rejuvenation of Senescent Chondrocytes
Authors: Cho Gun Hee , Bae Hyun Cheol , Lee Yu Jeong , Yang Ha Ru , Kang Hyewon , Park Hee Jung , Wang Sun Young , Kim You Jung , Kang Heun-Soo , Kim In Gyu , Choi Byung Sun , Han Hyuk-Soo
Published: February 2025

Senescent chondrocytes, which are increased in osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage, promote cartilage defects and the senescent knee microenvironment by inducing senescence to surrounding normal chondrocytes by secreting senescence-associated secretory proteins. Many studies have used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat OA, but MSC treatment remains challenging for clinical application owing to MSC quality control, engraftment, and fibrocartilage regeneration. Here, rather than relying on the direct regeneration of MSCs, we present a novel strategy to suppress OA by MSC-mediated senescent chondrocyte targeting via the paracrine activity of MSCs, thereby improving the knee microenvironment. First, to enable quality control of umbilical cord MSCs, priming MSCs by supplementing human platelet lysate (hPL) greatly enhanced MSC functions by increasing cellular glutathione levels throughout serial passaging. Intra-articular injection of primed MSCs successfully suppressed OA progression and senescent chondrocyte accumulation without direct regeneration. Indirect coculture with primed MSCs using transwell ameliorated the senescence phenotypes in OA chondrocytes, suggesting paracrine rejuvenation. Based on secretome analysis, we identified insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) as a key component that induces paracrine rejuvenation by primed MSCs. The rejuvenation effects of IGF2 act through autophagy activation through the up-regulation of autophagy-related gene expression and autophagic flux. To cross-validate the effects of secreted IGF2 in vivo, knockdown of IGF2 in primed MSCs substantially abolished its therapeutic efficacy in a rabbit OA model. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that hPL supplementation enables MSC quality control by increasing MSC glutathione levels. The therapeutic mechanism of primed MSCs was secreted IGF2, which induces paracrine rejuvenation of senescent OA chondrocytes by activating autophagy.
Trends and Challenges in Social Studies Textbook Research - Focused on Research Areas by Period and Subject Group -
Authors: Yu Jong Youl
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the trends and issues in social studies textbook research, identify underexplored research areas, and propose future research directions. To achieve this, 578 papers published in five major academic journals focusing on social studies education in primary and secondary schools were analyzed. The research results indicate that interest in social studies textbooks is increasing, and analysis on social phenomena and foreign textbooks is being actively conducted. Although there are considerable researches on textbook development and reconstruction, there is a lack of theoretical and empirical studies on the principles of content organization, which calls for improvement. Additionally, research on the use and changing perceptions of AIDT(AI Digital Textbook) needs to be strengthened. In comparative studies of textbooks, the lack of longitudinal analysis suggests a need for supplementation. Moreover, while research on foreign textbooks is concentrated on Japan and China, it should be expanded to include various countries such as Germany, and there is a need to strengthen research on reading materials, graphs, infographics, inquiry activities, and illustrations.
Development of a Teaching and Learning Framework for Elementary Social Studies Utilizing Generative AI
Authors: Jeong Young Sik , Cheon Ho Seong
Published: February 2025

The GLAD model developed in this study is based on the decision-making learning model of social studies and is divided into six stages as follows. The lesson planning stage includes verifying AI requirements, curriculum analysis, learner analysis, and learning environment analysis. The lesson design stage comprises setting learning objectives, presenting situations and recognizing problems, understanding facts and exploring knowledge, understanding and exploring values, developing alternatives and making decisions, social participation and outcome evaluation, as well as meta-reading and emotional experiences. In the lesson implementation stage, teacher activities involve guiding learning objectives, presenting decision-making scenarios, supporting knowledge exploration and derivation, facilitating value exploration and decision-making, assisting in the decision-making process, and confirming and evaluating activity records. Student activities include confirming learning objectives, identifying and defining problems, verifying hypotheses and deriving knowledge, recognizing and clarifying values, reviewing alternatives and predicting outcomes, and acting and observing based on their decisions. AI activities in this stage consist of guiding AI usage, providing examples and supporting materials, predicting outcomes based on hypotheses, anticipating results aligned with values, supporting the comparison and prediction of alternatives, and assisting in activity record analysis and evaluation. Finally, the lesson feedback stage includes lesson analysis, evaluation, and improvement.
Practices and Meanings of Social Studies Classes on Jeju 4·3: A Self-Study of a Middle School Social Studies Teacher
Authors: Kim Hong Tak
Published: February 2025

The generational transmission of Jeju 4‧3 after the 4‧3 is a calling of the times. The most effective and formal way to achieve this generational transmission to the post-experience generation of Jeju 4‧3 is through school education. Despite the importance of Jeju 4‧3 education, there is a lack of research addressing the practical aspects of education on Jeju 4‧3. Therefore, this study aims to examine the practices and educational significance of classes on Jeju 4‧3 conducted by a social studies teacher at a middle school in Jeju. To this end, the researcher, a social studies teacher at K Middle School in Hagwi-ri, Aewol-eup, Jeju City, conducted a self-study. Through this self-study, the researcher reflected on classes on Jeju 4‧3 practiced from 2023 to 2024 and on the teacher as the principal agent of these class practices. In 2023 and 2024, the researcher practiced classes titled ‘Peaceful Times: Focusing on Human Rights Violations and Restoration of Jeju 4‧3’ and ‘Those Left Behind After Jeju 4‧3: Breaking the Enforced Silence and Advancing Beyond Jeju 4‧3 Special Act’ in the third-and first-year social studies classes, respectively. Practicing 4‧3 classes based on achievement standards within the social studies curriculum over these two years holds meanings such as implementing community-based social studies education, teaching transitional justice, teaching difficult history, and overcoming teachers’ self-censorship. Finally, the researcher suggested tasks for collaboration among the Office of Education, teacher education institution to support the implementation of Jeju 4‧3 classes by teachers. It is hoped that this study will contribute to broadening the horizon of social studies class research and Jeju 4‧3 education research with themes of state violence and truth and justice.
Pengambilan Keputusan Etis Konsultan Pajak: Ethical Sensitivity, Ethical Judgment dan Self Efficacy
Authors: Syahbana Khairuni , Ratnawati Vince , Wahyuni Nita
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of ethical sensitivity, ethical judgement, and self-efficacy on ethical decision-making. The respondents were tax consultants with a total of 44 people as the primary data source. The study used Multiple Linear Regression analysis. It was found that the variables of ethical sensitivity, ethical judgment and self efficacy had a positive effect on ethical decision-making. A person is able to understand and interpret ethically, evaluate his or her personal regarding ethical or not actions, as well as the belief in organizing and taking action to accomplish a particular task. So that decisions can be held accountable in accordance with ethics. Tax consultants apply a directed interpretation of ethical issues, and are able to make correct assessments objectively, professionally, and fairly. Tax consultants must also do their job well so that decisions will be ethical. Not only Auditors, Lecturers, Accountants, or Consumers who make ethical decisions, but as tax consultants must instill ethics in their decision-making.
EGOLEM, DIGITÁLNÍ SIMULÁTOR PACIENTA
Authors:   Oddělení biokybernetiky  Ústav patologické fyziologie 1. LF UK, Kulhánek Tomáš , Kofránek Jiří ,   Oddělení biokybernetiky  Ústav patologické fyziologie 1. LF UK
Published: February 2025

Vyvinuli jsme simulátor virtuálního pacienta, který se skládá z figuríny pacienta, která dýchá, makety přístroje ECMO, která se chová jako reálný přístroj a webového simulátoru, který jednak ukazuje co se děje uvnitř pacienta, posílá a přijímá údaje z makety přístroje ECMO a posílá a přijímá údaje z figuríny virtuálního pacienta. Matematický model za simulátorem řídí dýchání figuríny. Máme implementovaný model přenosu krevních plynů a webový simulátor ukazuje vliv selhávání plic a srdce na koncentrace rozpuštěných krevních plynů v těle a vliv léčby přístroje ECMO.
Didaktika sociální interakce v intenzivní péči
Authors:   Ústav zdravotnických věd Lékařská fakulty univerzity, Beharková Natália
Published: February 2025

Příspěvek prezentuje specifické pojetí výuky ve studijním programu Intenzivní péče s využitím interaktivních přístupů a online nástrojů. U předmětů zaměřených na osvojení si praktických dovedností a posílení soft skills studentů je důležité využívat interaktivní přístupy ve výuce a aktivizující výukové metody. V předmětu Didaktika sociální interakce v intenzivní péči je studentům k dispozici i e-learning, který byl vytvořen ve spolupráci s odborníky zabývajícími se osobami se specifickými potřebami. Vytvořený studijní materiál podporuje teoretické znalosti studentů, vhodně doplňuje potřebné praktické schopnosti studentů a zkvalitňuje připravenost studentů pro klinickou praxi. Významnou součástí e-learningu je vytvoření videí s pojmy a frázemi v českém znakovém jazyce, které souvisí s ošetřovatelskou péčí a zdravotnictvím.
FULLY INTEGRATED DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION OF BREAST LESIONS IN DIGITAL MAMMOGRAM
Authors:   Carebot s.r.o. Vyšehradská 430/41, Hrubý Robert , Kvak Daniel ,   Carebot s.r.o. Vyšehradská 430/41, Chromcová Anna ,   Carebot s.r.o. Vyšehradská 430/41, Biroš Marek ,   Carebot s.r.o. Vyšehradská 430/41
Published: February 2025

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer affecting women. Detection of suspicious lesions on mammographic images is considered a challenging task due to the variability of lesion sizes and shapes, the problematic margins of the findings, and some extremely small lesions that are difficult to localize. With the increasing availability of digitized clinical archives and the development of complex deep learning (DL) methods, we are witnessing a trend towards the integration of robust computer-aided detection (CAD) systems to assist in the automatic segmentation of lesions on mammograms to aid in the diagnosis of breast cancer. This study presents deep learning–based automatic detection algorithm (DLAD), directly implemented in picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to aid in improving the radiologist’s workflow. The proposed DLAD is evaluated on INbreast dataset with a sample size of n=138 (71 [51.45%] BI-RADS 4/5/6 images, 67 [48.55%] BI-RADS 1 images). Preliminary results show a sensitivity of 0.9296 [95% CI 0.8701-0.9891], specificity of 0.7273 [0.6207-0.8339] and IoU of 0.5661, indicating a low false negative rate while maintaining a reasonable false positive rate.
E-LEARNING VE VÝUCE VOLITELNÉHO PŘEDMĚTU ZKUŠENOSTI Z AKADEMICKÝCH LET PANDEMIE COVID - 19 (MEFANET)
Authors:   Tkáňová ústředna Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Měřička Pavel , Gregor Jiří ,   Tkáňová ústředna Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Navrátil Pavel ,   Urologická klinika Lékařské fakulty  University Karlovy v Hradci Králové  a Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové,  Česká republika
Published: February 2025

Autoři srovnávají způsob využití e-learningu před pandemií COVID 19 a v průběhu pandemie při výuce volitelného předmětu na Lékařské fakultě UK v Hradci Králové. Dostupnost e-learningového kursu přispěla ke zvýšení zájmu studentů o volitelný předmět. E-learningovou výuku studenti hodnotili kladně, nepovažovali však za možné, aby zcela nahradila klasickou výuku.
DIAGNOSTIKA NORMOTENZNÍHO HYDROCEFALU POMOCÍ STROJOVÉHO UČENÍ
Authors:   Oddělení biokybernetiky,  Ústav patologické fyziologie 1. LF UK, Mládek Arnošt , Bradáč Ondřej ,   Neurochirurgická klinika 2. LF UK a FN  Motol
Published: February 2025

Nitrolební tlak (ICP) představuje jeden z nezastupitelných parametrů neurointenzivní péče a jako takový je předmětem intenzivního vědeckého výzkumu. Diagnostický význam ICP je podmíněn dvěma faktory: i) umístěním centrální nervové soustavy v pevné kostěné schránce, kdy lokální expanzivní procesy (nádory, abscesy, krvácení) se, i při relativně malých objemech, mohou projevit nitrolební hypertenzí; ii) specifickou vlastností centrální nervové soustavy reagovat relativně uniformně na různé patologické situace, neboť etiologicky různá difuzní poškození nervové tkáně vedou k rozvoji edému, který je opět příčinou elevace ICP. Komplikací monitorace ICP je nutnost neurochirurgického zavedení tlakového čidla do nitrolebního prostoru, a s tím souvisejících rizik jako krvácení, neuroinfekce a traumatizace tkáně. Nitrolební tlak je více než číslo na monitoru, přestože je na tuto informaci v klinické praxi často redukován. Podobně, jako jde informační obsah EKG vysoko nad rámec výpočtu tepové frekvence, pochopení dynamiky ICP nám může mnohé napovědět nejen o aktuálním stavu, ale i prognóze pacienta. Předkládaná studie se týká matematické analýzy ICP signálu z lumbálního infuzního testu (LIT) prováděného v rámci diferenciálně diagnostické baterie pro identifikaci syndromu normotenzního hydrocefalu (NPH). Standardní vyhodnocení LIT stojí na výpočtu jediné hodnoty – výtokového odporu Rout, na základě které je odhadnuta reakce pacienta na trvalou drenáž CSF s přesností ~ 62%. Za použití moderních metod strojového učení jsme sestavili algoritmus, který na základě až 48 příznaků vypočtených z ICP signálu klasifikuje pacienta jako (ne)vhodného kandidáta pro zkratovou operaci, a to s přesností až ~82%. Navržený algoritmus má tak potenciál v budoucnu plně nahradit stávající zlatý diagnostický standard, 5-denní lumbální drenáž (ELD), která je však spojena s rizikem infekce, nitrolební hypotenzní cefaleou a finančními náklady na hospitalizaci.
The Prenuptial Agreement and its Features
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, Ivangorod, Russian Federation, Dadashova E.G.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the issue of the concept of a marriage contract, the rights and obligations of spouses when concluding, changing and terminating a marriage contract. The issue of legal measures for concluding a prenuptial agreement during a civil marriage and before the registration of a civil marriage is being investigated, the issue of termination of a prenuptial agreement by agreement of the parties and in court is also being investigated. The analysis of judicial practice on the issue of termination of a marriage contract is carried out.
Prospects for the Development of Business Partnerships in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State Economic University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuchina A.S. , Lysikov P.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State Economic University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the key features of business partnerships in comparison with other forms of legal entities in the Russian Federation. The article emphasizes business partnerships as potentially effective and demanded means for attracting investment resources into the economy. The problems hindering the active use of business partnerships in the Russian Federation are formulated. It is concluded that the advantages, of course, there are advantages of business partnerships, but they do not cover the disadvantages, which calls into question the prospects for their further development.
The Formation of the Concept of the Standard of Proof in the Russian Legal Doctrine and its Relation to Other Categories of Evidentiary Law
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Nakhova E.A. , Tsarkova D.V. ,   Russian State University of Justice, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the formation of the standard of proof in the Russian legal doctrine based on the historical aspect of the Anglo-Saxon and Romano-German legal families. The interrelation of the standard of proof with the process of proof, the subject of proof, is also revealed. The authors state the position on the differentiation of the legal categories "subject of proof" and "standard of proof". The subject of proof is understood to be legally significant circumstances that are important for the proper consideration and resolution of the dispute. The standard of proof can be described as a criterion (model of proof) according to which the court makes a decision in favor of the party that has successfully coped with the duties of proof.
Institute of Legal Responsibility in The System of Constitutional Legal Understanding
Authors:   Pushkin Leningrad State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Romashova M.R.
Published: February 2025

The institution of legal liability is analyzed as a form of legal state within which individuals and legal entities are obliged to endure and are undergoing the negative consequences of committing active (actions) and passive (inactions) illegal acts. In the context of constitutional legal understanding, the institution of legal responsibility is proposed to be considered as a structural and functional element of the mechanism for applying the constitution, which in this context represents a universal means of regulatory and protective influence - a normative legal act of the highest legal force and direct action. The institution of constitutional responsibility in the form of early removal from office of representatives of public authority is studied. It is concluded that this institution is complex in nature, involving either intersectoral (removal of the president from office as part of the impeachment procedure) or ethical and legal (removal from office on the basis of “loss of trust”, “committing an act discrediting honor and dignity”) character.
Analisis kelayakan performansi optical distribution point (ODP) pada optical network terminal (ONT) berdasarkan splitter 1:8
Authors: Muzaki Wayoi Cahya , Alam Syah , Surjati Indra
Published: February 2025

Teknologi yang semakin canggih menyebabkan kebutuhan manusia akan kecepatan data sangat tinggi untuk memberikan keseimbangan terhadap teknologi. Upaya untuk menunjang teknologi tersebut menggunakan teknologi Fiber to The Home (FTTH) sebagai transmisinya. Lokasi wilayah yang menggunakan teknologi FTTH tersebut berada di daerah Padalarang, Bandung Barat. Penelitian ini menganalisa serat optik dengan penggunaan splitter 1:8 melalui metode perhitungan Power Link Budget, pengukuran alat menggunakan Optical Power Meter (OPM), serta digunakan aplikasi simulasi Optisystem dan Google Earth. Hasil penelitian didapatkan receive sensitivity Power Link Budget sebesar -16,78 dBm untuk ODP dan -18,79 dBm untuk ONT. Terdapat selisih sebesar 9,18% antara hasil pengukuran dan perhitungan menggunakan metode Power Link Budget pada ODP, sebesar 7,5% antara pengukuran dan perhitungan menggunakan metode Power Link Budget pada ONT, sebesar 3,78% antara pengukuran dengan hasil simulasi Optisystem pada ODP, sebesar 1,97% antara pengukuran menggunakan OPM dengan hasil simulasi Optisystem pada ONT. Berdasarkan pemantauan kelayakan performansi jaringan yang dilakukan selama 2 minggu, didapatkan nilai rata-rata receive sensitivity untuk ODP sebesar -18,32 dBm. Pada ONT dilakukan pengukuran pada port 4,6, dan 8 di perangkat ODP menghasilkan nilai receive sensivity sebesar -19,35 dBm, -20,26 dBm, dan -20,95 dBm. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai telah memenuhi standar ITU-T G.984, yakni Pr lebih dari -27 dBm. Performansi jaringan Fiber to The Home yang dilakukan di daerah Padalarang, Bandung Barat sesuai PT. Telkom berdasarkan pengukuran yang dilakukan.
Analisis pengaruh harmonisa dalam implementasi pengaturan tegangan berbasis dimmer Arduino pada motor AC
Authors: Jakariya  , Eliana Bella
Published: February 2025

Motor listrik AC memiliki karakteristik tidak bisa dikontrol ketika dihubungkan pada sumber beban sehingga motor tersebut langsung bekerja secara maksimal dengan putaran nominal. Normalnya ketika berjalan motor listrik akan menyerap arus sebanyak dua sampai tiga kali dari arus nominalnya sehingga bisa membuat MCB trip jika digunakan dalam aplikasi skala kecil. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pengaturan tegangan dengan menggunakan dimmer Arduino sehingga ketika dihubungkan dengan sumber tegangan motor mampu untuk disuplai tegangan secara bertahap. Dimmer Arduino sendiri merupakan rangkaian kontrol tegangan berdasarkan TRIAC dimana penggunaan komponen elektronika daya ini akan menyebabkan harmonisa, dimana efek dari harmonisa ini membuat penambahan rugi-rugi pada motor listrik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dimaksudkan melihat dampak aplikasi dimmer Arduino pada motor AC pompa air skala laboratorium. Adapun metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan percobaan eksperimental dimmer Arduino dirancang pada box tertentu kemudian motor pompa air 1 fasa dilakukan pengujian sebelum dan sesudah pemasangan dimmer untuk melihat parameter kinerjanya menggunakan alat ukur Power Quality meter Fluke 434. Hasilnya berdasarkan level tegangan yang diatur dari 50 V sampai 213 V dengan harmonisa tertinggi berada pada tegangan 50 V sebesar 100,3% dan terendah pada tegangan 213 V 20%. Dengan kondisi ideal, motor dikontrol pada tegangan 115 V menghasilkan kinerja penyaluran air 0,128 L/s dengan daya 74,75 Watt.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS V DI SDN 122340 PEMATANG SIANTAR
Authors: Sihombing Chintani , Sianturi Eduardo , Sipahutar Lamtumio , Nora Selvia , Tampubolon Joki
Published: February 2025

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh model pembelajaran guided discovery learning terhadap hasil belajar IPA di kelas V. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian kuantitatif quasi eksperimental dengan metode control-group Pre-tes Pos-tes. Populasi  dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa SD Negeri 122340 Pematangsiantar dan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VA dan VB SD Negeri 122340 Pematangsiantar, teknik smapel yang digunakan ialah simple sampling random dengan dua variabel yaitu : variabel bebas (X) yaitu model pembelajaran guided disovery learning dan variabel terikat (Y) yaitu hasil belajar IPA . Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah berupa tes yang berlangsung pada tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Sebelum adanya perlakuan, soal terlebih dahulu soalnya di uji cobakan ke SD Negeri 122380 Jl. Kain Suji, setelah dilaksanakannya uji coba dapat diperoleh bahwa dari 30 soal yang diuji cobakan terdapat 6 soal yang tidak valid dan 24 soal valid. Hal ini soal yang valid akan digunakan pada saat penelitian di SD Negeri 122340 Pematangsiantar. Adapun uji analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Uji-T. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka diperoleh t hitung sebesar 11,123 dan t tabel di peroleh sebesar 0,3494, sehingga t hitung > t tabel, yang mana Ha diterima dan H0 di tolak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran guided discovery learning  terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Negeri 122340 Pematangsiantar.
 
Keywords : Model Pembelajaran, Guided Discovery Learning, Hasil Belajar, IPA
PENYULUHAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT BERBASIS DIGITAL UNTUK DESA WISATA
Authors: Adha Howardi Visza , Astari Silvy , Suhanda Mya Yuwanita
Published: February 2025

Community service is organized by lecturers at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Baiturrahmah University. The aim of this activity is to provide digital-based community empowerment outreach for tourism villages in Nagari Koto Nan Duo, Batang Kapas District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, on August 10 2024, West Sumatra Province. Villages are the smallest government units that play an important role in sustainable development through village autonomy, as mandated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. With increasing digital penetration in Indonesia, including in rural areas, digital-based community empowerment has become relevant and potential. This empowerment includes building information technology infrastructure, increasing digital literacy, developing the creative economy, and digital marketing. Previous research has shown the success of digital-based empowerment programs in various villages, such as creative economy development, digital tourism, and website-based public services. This article aims to describe digital-based village community empowerment practices, providing guidance for policy makers, facilitators and academics in optimizing the potential of technology to improve the welfare of village communities. It is hoped that this program can be a sustainable solution to support rural development in the digital era.
Keywords: Extension, Digital Based, Tourism Village.
Evaluation of biomechanics of distalization lateral group of maxillary teeth supported by miniscrews applied by the method of mathematical modelling
Authors: Fink A.K. , Oborotistov N.Yu. , Merkulov M.A. , Statnik E.S. , Ignatyev S.D.
Published: February 2025

The distalization of the lateral group of the maxillary teeth which supported by orthodontic miniscrews is a quite common procedure during orthodontic treatment. The article presents for thefirst time an analysis of biomechanics of distalization of lateral group of the teeth beingsupported by infrazygomatic miniscrew and miniscrew placed on the pyramidal processof the palatine bone applied by the method of mathematical modelling. In the mathematicalsimulation we used parameters of periodontium, bone tissue, geometric dimension of teeth andbracket system. The distribution of stresses and deformations in the area of periodontal ligamentsand teeth was obtained, the optimal force of activation of orthodontic pull for distalization to theinfrazygomatic miniscrew (150–170 g) and miniscrew on the pyramidal process of the palatinebone (240 g) was determined. The results obtained are statistically processed and applied inclinical practice.
Investigation of experimental domestic microhybrid and nanohybrid composite materials by colorimetry
Authors: Shalamay L.I. , Mendosa E.Y. , Maiorov E.E. , Lampusova V.B. , Oksas N.S. , Kosov S.A.
Published: February 2025

The article investigates experimental domestic microhybrid and nanohybrid composite materials with a colorimetric installation developed by the authors. The technical characteristics of the installation are given, the methodology of the measurements is described. The obtained chromaticity parameters show that all the stud-ied microhybrid and nanohybrid composites have char-acteristics near the color characteristics of the standards.
Using of low frequency ultrasound for professional oral hygiene orthodontic patients with aligners
Authors: Atabieva R.T. , Mustafaev M.S. , Batyrbekova F.R.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study was to establish a professional oral hygiene regimen using low-frequency ultrasound for patients with aligners. 42 adult patients with aligners were observed for a year. The study established the optimal modes for the combined use of ultrasonic cleaning and the use of Air flow technology for patients with aligners:
1. Before starting treatment: cleaning with a dental ultrasonic scaler (with a solution of neutral 2% sodium fluoride mouth rinse) in combination with Air flow abrasive technology for final cleansing;
2. Once a quarter – cleaning with a dental ultrasonic scaler (with a solution of 2% sodium fluoride for mouth rinse) in combination with Air flow abrasive technology – 3 times a year.
“Os Escravos do Sr. Manoel Maurício, Convidaram, sem Licença de Seu Senhor, Diversos Companheiros em Número de Dezesseis, para um ‘Samba’"
Authors: Ramos Danilo da Silva , Silva Alysson dos Anjos
Published: February 2025

Como o samba, no século XIX, atuava como uma prática de (re)existência e sociabilidade entre os/as escravizados/as, mesmo sob repressão? O objetivo geral deste estudo é discutir os processos de (re)existências nos sambas durante o século XIX, a partir da análise de fontes da imprensa nacional. A metodologia consistiu na catalogação de 1179 fontes de periódicos disponíveis na hemeroteca digital da Biblioteca Nacional, utilizando a leitura crítica dessas fontes para identificar menções ao samba e suas implicações na vida dos/as escravizados/as. Os resultados indicam que o samba foi uma prática constante entre os/as escravizados/as, mesmo sob forte repressão, além de funcionar como um espaço de sociabilidade e afetos. As implicações científicas e sociais da pesquisa destacam a importância de trazer a memória dos/as escravizados/as ao campo de estudos do lazer, contribuindo para discussões sobre reparação histórica nesse âmbito.
MELAYU ISLAM BERAJA: IDENTITAS NASIONAL BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Authors: Setyadi Maitsa Hanifa
Published: February 2025

Brunei Darussalam is the only country that maintains the form of an absolute monarchy in Southeast Asia, after independence from British colonialism. This form of government cannot be separated from the strong influence of an Islamic kingdom that upholds Malay customs. This research will look at the history of the formation of Brunei Darussalam's identity, starting from the history of the state of Brunei Darussalam, the establishment of the Melayu Islam Beraja identity, to the dynamics between the government and its people. Research was carried out using historical methods consisting of data collection processes (heuristics), data validation (critic), interpretation, and historiography. The results of the research show that in the course of the country's history, it was not only Bruneian Malays or Muslims who became the people of Brunei. The state has made adjustments such as holding citizenship tests with ease for those who are Muslim. For cosmopolitan communities, this treatment may be considered discriminatory. However, this step is in fact still being implemented and has been proven to be able to maintain the stability of the country, both politically and economically.
PAYUNG HUKUM TERHADAP PROFESI DOKTER DALAM MENGHADAPI PERSELISIHAN MEDIS
Authors: Anita Rahayu  , Rokhmat  , Vera dumonda silitonga  , M. Nasser  , Tri Agus suswantoro
Published: February 2025

Administrative policies or legal provisions in hospital health services certainly regulate procedures for providing adequate and appropriate health services in accordance with hospital service standards, operational standards and professional standards. The problems raised in this research are 1). What is the legal protection for the medical profession in dealing with medical disputes, and 2). What are the hospital's responsibilities towards doctors in dealing with medical disputes? The type of research that will be used in this research is normative juridical which refers to legal norms contained in statutory regulations. The approach used is the Legal Approach and Conceptual Approach and the data obtained is secondary data consisting of primary legal material, secondary legal material and tertiary legal material. To analyze the data using qualitative analysis. The results of this research are legal protection for the medical profession in handling medical disputes with patients, namely doctors who have carried out their duties in accordance with professional standards, service standards and standard operational procedures are entitled to legal protection. and the hospital as the person responsible will take a series of steps. First, form an instrument whose task is to assist directors, for example the legal commission, to handle legal aspects related to matters relating to errors by health workers or several incidents of irregularities as emergencies
Perspektif Hukum Pada Hak Pasien Atas Informasi Dalam Pelayanan Pembedahan
Authors: Parlin Julius , Buaton Tiarsen
Published: February 2025

Tindakan pembedahan merupakan tindakan berisiko tinggi terhadap pasien yang dapat berakhir dengan kecacatan dan kematian, meski bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi jika tidak dilakukan. Informasi medis yang termasuk didalammnya persetujuan tindakan pembedahan (informed consent) harus didapatkan pasien beserta keluarga oleh dokter terutama terkait dengan risiko dan komplikasi medis. Informasi medis harus tetap dijaga kerahasiaanya sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi pasien dan dokter. Penelitian yuridis normatif ini berfokus pada pengaturan hak pasien terhadap informasi dalam pelayanan pembedahan dan dampak bagi pelanggaran terhadap informasi layanan pembedahan oleh dokter dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konsep serta dianalisis secara deskriptif dan preskriptif. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hak pasien atas informasi pelayanan pembedahan telah dilindungi oleh Undang-undang RI Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan, Permenkes RI Nomor 36 Tahun 2012 tentang Rahasia Kedokteran, dan Permenkes Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 Tentang Rekam Medis; pelanggaran hukum terhadap hak pasien atas informasi pelayanan pembedahan oleh dokter telah diatur dalam kode etik profesi kedokteran, kitab undang-undang hukum perdata  Pasal 1365, Kitab undang-undang Pidana Pasal 351, dan hukum administratif yang terkait dengan kerahasiaan informasi dan pelanggaran perikatan janji (verbintenis).
Kerahasiaan Medis dan Data Pasien Dalam Catatan Rekam Medis Elektronik Sesuai Dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 24 Tahun 2022
Authors: Suwani Suwani , Prasetyo Teguh , Arimbi Diah , Jaeni Ahmad
Published: February 2025

Dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis Elektronik mewajibkan semua fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan menjalankan sistem Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME). Terdapat kendala – kendala seperti kesulitan dalam mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber yang tersebar di departemen-departemen berbeda dan potensi bocornya data rekam medis elektronik. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Bagaimana pengaturan kerahasiaan medik dalam Permenkes No. 24 Tahun 2022, dan Bagaimana tanggung jawab hukum Pemerintah dalam perlindungan rekam medis elektronik yang bocor dan merugikan hak-hak pasien? Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam tulisan ini yaitu yuridis normatif, mengacu kepada norma-norma hukum yang ada dalam Perundang-Undangan. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu Pendekatan Undang-Undang dan Pendekatan Konseptual serta data yang diperoleh yaitu data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Pemerintah bertanggungjawab dalam hal pengaturan kerahasiaan medis dan kebocoran data pasien di rekam medis elektronik dengan cara Regulasi dan Pengawasan, Pencegahan dan Deteksi Keamanan Data, Penegakan Hukum, Bantuan dan Pemulihan, serta Evaluasi dan Perbaikan Sistem.
Analisis Yuridis Informed Consent Dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Venia Venia , PH. Agustinus , Nasser M. , Bungin Sator Sapan
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis yuridis terhadap praktik informed consent dalam pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Fokus utama penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi kerangka hukum yang mengatur hak pasien untuk mendapatkan informasi yang memadai sebelum menerima perawatan medis. Penelitian ini merinci Undang-Undang No. 17 tahun 2023 serta peraturan kesehatan, kode etik kedokteran, dan putusan mahkamah agung yang mendukung proses informed consent. Melalui pendekatan hukum perdata dan pidana, penelitian ini menganalisis aspek ius contractu dan ius delicto yang terlibat dalam pembentukan hak dan kewajiban antara dokter dan pasien. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi implikasi kedudukan informed consent terhadap perubahan dinamika hubungan antara dokter dan pasien, khususnya dalam evolusi dari pola paternalistik menuju hubungan kontraktual. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang landasan hukum informed consent dalam praktik pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Implikasi temuan penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi pada upaya melindungi hak-hak pasien, menjaga integritas praktik kesehatan, dan memperkuat tanggung jawab hukum dokter dalam menyediakan informasi yang cukup kepada pasien.