bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PECULIARITIES OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CRITERIA OF CRIMES OF VIOLENCE COMMITTED IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Унтеров Владимир Анатольевич
Published: October 2020

Эффективное предупреждение преступлений, совершаемых в местах лишения свободы, предполагает обязательный анализ криминологических особенностей преступной деятельности, представляющих собой количественно-качественные параметры конкретного вида пенитенциарной преступности. Насильственная преступность, являясь одним из наиболее опасных видов преступности, безусловно, требует особого внимания криминологов, в том числе пенитенциаристов. Совершение подобных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях свидетельствует о неэффективности уголовно-исполнительной системы России в части, прежде всего, профилактической работы. В свою очередь предупреждение насильственных преступлений в исправительных учреждениях невозможно без понимания причин и условий их совершения, личностных особенностей тех, кто их совершает, а также без анализа фактических обстоятельств их совершения. Рассмотренные автором в настоящей статье количественно-качественные параметры насильственной пенитенциарной преступности позволяют воссоздать объективную картину данного вида деликтов, что необходимо для совершенствования профилактической деятельности в учреждениях уголовно-исполнительной системы. Учет этих показателей, как представляется, позволит существенно снизить (минимизировать) насильственную преступность в местах изоляции от общества, что является одним из важнейших направлений уголовно-исполнительной политики нашего государства.

Effective crimes’ prevention committed in places of deprivation of liberty presupposes an obligatory analysis of criminological features of criminal activit, which are quantitative and qualitative criteria of a specific type of penitentiary crime. Violent crime being one of the most dangerous types of crime, undoubtedly requires special attention of criminologists, including penitentiaries. Committing such crimes in correctional institutions testifies to the ineffectiveness of the penal system in Russia in terms of, first of all, preventive work. In turn, the prevention of violent crimes in correctional institutions is impossible without understanding the reasons and conditions for their commission, the personal characteristics of those who commit them, as well as without analyzing the actual circumstances of their commission. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of violent penitentiary crime considered by the author in this article make it possible to recreate an objective picture of this type of tort, which is necessary to improve preventive activities in the institutions of the penal system. Taking these indicators into account, it seems, will significantly reduce (minimize) violent crime in places of isolation from society, which is one of the most important areas of the penal policy of our state.
Evaluation of Administration Time and Adherence Rates of Morning vs. Bedtime Dosing of Antihypertensive Medications
Authors: Perry Laura , Surowiec Suzanne , Danso Danielle , Kerobo Omuwa , Anugwom Ashley , Couvertier Kihara
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the time of day patients administer antihypertensive medications. Secondary objectives were to evaluate medication adherence rates between morning and bedtime dosing and possible barriers to bedtime administration.

Methods
A single-center, cross-sectional study using a mixed-methods model containing a retrospective chart review and telephone survey was administered to hypertensive patients at a multidisciplinary, private practice clinic. Patients above the age of 18 with a diagnosis of hypertension were eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoint was the number of patients administering one or more antihypertensive medications at bedtime. Secondary endpoints were medication adherence and potential barriers of adherence to bedtime dosing.

Results
A total of 139 responses were collected. Most patients (75.5%) administered all antihypertensive medications in the morning, with only 24.5% of patients administering at least one antihypertensive medication at bedtime. Adherence was higher for medications administered in the morning compared to medications administered at bedtime, 87.8% and 79.4%, respectively. Limitations to this study include the single-center design and potential for patient recall and reporting bias when using self-reported data.

Conclusion
Results of this study suggest that the prevalence of bedtime administration of antihypertensive medications is low. Although self-reported adherence rates were higher with morning dosing compared to bedtime dosing, adherence rates for bedtime dosing were still promising. Future studies should be conducted to expand on existing morbidity and mortality evidence as well as prevalence of and adherence to bedtime dosing of antihypertensive medications.
Association Between Sleep Medications and Falls and Fall-related Worries in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Nguyen Kathy , Watanabe Jonathan
Published: October 2020

Background

Falls are the leading cause of unintentional fatal and nonfatal injuries in seniors. Sleep medications are associated with adverse events risk in older adults. The objective of this study is to quantify the relationship between different levels of sleep medication use with falls and fall-related worries in United States adults aged 65 years and older using a nationally representative sample.

Methods

Using the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study, survey-weighted multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between participants who reported sleep medication use and the outcomes: falls in the last month, falls in the last year, multiple falls in the last year, fall-related worries, and limitation of activities due to fall-related worries.

Results

In adjusted analyses, older adults who used sleep medications every night compared to non-users of sleep medications were at increased odds of falls in the last year with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.51 (95% confidence limit [CL] 1.27, 1.78) and of multiple falls with an OR = 1.67 (95% CL 1.35, 2.06). For those who used sleep medications less than every night compared to non-users, there were no statistically significant increased odds of fall outcomes. Older adults who used sleep medication most nights (5–6 nights per week) and every night compared to non-users had increased odds of having fall-related worries with an OR = 1.61 (95% CL 1.06, 2.45) and an OR = 1.32 (95% CL 1.11, 1.58), respectively.

Conclusion

Older adults who use sleep medication every night are at greater odds of experiencing falls and having fall-related worries. Increased involvement by pharmacists in the community setting and pharmacist-led comprehensive medication reviews are efforts that may reduce sleep medication use and result in fewer falls in older adults.
Desafío Diagnóstico
Authors: Chan Martha P
Published: October 2020

Se trata de recién nacido de sexo masculino, tercer producto de madre de 27 años, G3P2C0A0, con #5 controles prenatales, iniciados al quinto mes de gestación, tipaje O Rh positivo, VDRL no reactor y VIH negativo, quien nace vía vaginal a las 40 semanas de gestación, sin complicaciones en hospital de primer nivel. Al examen físico presenta hoyuelo a nivel lumbar por encima del pliegue interglúteo, por lo que es referido para completar estudios y decidir manejo.
Influence of Robotic Mechanotherapy in Various Combinations with Non-Invasive Electrostimulation of Muscles and Spinal Cord on the Postural Balance in Children with Severe Forms of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Nikityuk I.E. , Kononova E.L. , Ikoeva G.A. , Solokhina I.Yu
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Postural disorders are significant in severe forms of cerebral palsy (CP).
The aim of the work was to study the effect of locomotor training in combination with transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord and functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the muscles of the lower extremities on the restoration of the function of maintaining a vertical posture in children with III level of limitation of motor activity according to the GMFCS classification.
Materials and methods. 20 patients with CP at the age from 8 to 12 years old were examined. Patients of the main group (10 children) received 15 sessions of 45 minutes rehabilitation in the ≪Lokomat≫ robotic simulator in the sequence: 1) ≪Lokomat≫ in combination with FES, 2) ≪Lokomat≫ in combination with transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord, 3) ≪Lokomat≫ in combination with FES and transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord. The intervals between courses were 6 months. Patients from the control group (10 children) underwent only locomotor training.
Results. The dynamics of regaining control of the upright posture in children was evaluated by the method of stabilometry, which revealed the active response of the musculoskeletal system in patients of the main group only in the case of combined robotic mechanotherapy and FES. This was manifested in a significant increase in the amplitude of oscillations A of the pressure center, a clear increase in the variance of the parameters of the LFS parameter, and a decrease in the strength of the correlation between the parameters LFS and A towards normalization. However, with a combination of locomotor training with FES and transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord, there were no convincing signs of improving the regulation of the vertical posture.
Conclusion. It is suggested that multilevel neurostimulation of patients with CP is necessary, which may be more effective, since it will affect the central components of motor activity.
Modern Opportunities of Medical Rehabilitation of Children with Chronic Constipation
Authors: Rassulova M.A. , Talkovsky E.M. , Alexandrova O.Yu. , Smirnov A.N.
Published: October 2020

This article reviews the methods of medical rehabilitation used in the complex treatment of children with chronic constipation.
Medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation is a complex system of measures that include rational nutrition, medication therapy, physiotherapy, kinesotherapy, massage, etc.
The main objectives of the medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation are normalization of the passage through the intestines, improvement of tone of the pelvic floor muscles, restoration of the defecation reflex.
The article describes the methods of physiotherapy used in the treatment of chronic constipation in children in combination with diet, daily regimen, drug treatment, physiotherapy exercises and massage: amplipulse therapy, interference therapy, ultrasound therapy, percutaneous electroneurostimulation, fluctotuorization, high-intensity magnetic therapy, transient transduction. The methods of balneotherapy are widely used: the internal and external use of mineral waters, as well as heat therapy and peloidotherapy. Natural and artificial physical factors are assigned differentially, taking into account the type of intestinal motility disorder.
One of the promising directions of modern physiotherapy is to study the combined and combined use of two physical factors that increase the effectiveness of the medical rehabilitation program for children with chronic constipation. Methods of medical and psychological correction are of great importance in the medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation.
The medical rehabilitation of children with chronic constipation is carried out taking into account the individual program of medical rehabilitation of the child, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of medical rehabilitation and the patient’s quality of life.
Compensatory Strategies in Children with Upper Limbs Deformities due to Amioplasia
Authors: Agranovich O.E., , Savina M.V., , Oreshkov A.B. , Blagoveshchensky E.D.
Published: October 2020

Amyoplasia is the most severe form of arthrogryposis and is characterized by congenital multiple joint contractures, hypoplasia or aplasia of skeletal muscles, and limited or complete lack of self-service. The use of compensatory movements allows patients to be partially or completely independent in daily life.
The goal. Based on their own observations and literature, describe compensatory and compensatory movements in children with amyoplasia with upper limb lesions, which patients use in performing basic self-care skills.
Material and methods. From 2008 to 2019 we examined, 236 patients with amyoplasia (10 months to 16 years old) with a typical lesion of the upper extremities and limitation of self-care. Depending on the nature of the existing anatomical and functional disorders and the level of segmental muscle damage, all patients with amyoplasia were divided into 4 groups. Compensatory movements were studied in each group of patients.
Results. The study showed that children's compensatory movements are numerous and depend on the degree of muscle function disorders of the upper and lower extremities, the rate of psychomotor development of the child. Elbow is a key joint to determine the functional independence in daily life. In cases of extensor contracture in the elbow patients have severe functional disorders and need personal assistance.
Conclusions. Compensatory movements in children with amyoplasia are useful and help to adapt in daily life and compensate for the loss (or insufficiency) of movements in the joints. Compensatory movements in children are different. They are determined by the range of passive and active movements in the joints of the upper and low extremities.
PRINCIPLES OF TEAM BUILDING IN PROJECT ACTIVITY
Authors: Ермолаева М.В. , Кокуева Ж.М. , Погодина А.В.
Published: October 2020

Статья посвящена особенностям процесса формирования команды проекта. Показано, что этот процесс обусловлен специфическими свойствами команд, которые позволяют отличать их от коллективов, характеризуемых жесткой структурой подчинения. Выявлено, что к числу таких свойств команды относится интеграция интеллектуальных и личностных ресурсов, нахождение и использование внутренних резервов, которые нельзя вовлечь в управление административными методами, отсутствие группового давления. Показано, что процесс командообразования должен строиться на основе анализа компетенций и ролей каждого члена команды, а также их интеграции в совместную работу.

The article is devoted to the features of the team building process in project teams. It is shown that this process is due to the specific properties of teams, which make it possible to distinguish them from the collective characterized by a rigid subordination structure. It has been revealed that such team properties include the integration of intellectual and personal resources, finding and using internal reserves that cannot be involved in the management of administrative methods, and the absence of group pressure. It is shown that the team building process should be based on an analysis of the competencies and roles of each team member, as well as their integration into joint work.
THE AESTHETIC ASPECT OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Завалишина Д.Н.
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается одно из проявлений творческого способа существования человека в профессии - эстетическое «измерение» его трудовой активности. Выделяются три формы реализации эстетического отношения в труде: оценка другими людьми (потребителями, коллегами) продуктов труда человека по эстетическим критериям красоты, гармонии и соразмерной завершенности; эстетическое «измерение» процесса труда («красивая работа»); эмоционально-эстетическое воздействие результатов и процесса работы человека, например педагога, на других людей. Показывается позитивное влияние эстетического «измерения» на актуализацию личностных потенциалов специалистов в опасных видах труда.

We consider one of the manifestations of the creative way of human existence in the profession - the aesthetic "dimension" of his labor activity. There are three forms of implementation of the aesthetic attitude in work: evaluation by other people (consumers, colleagues) of human labor products according to aesthetic criteria of beauty, harmony and proportionate completeness; aesthetic "measurement" of the labor process ("beautiful work"); emotional and aesthetic impact of the results and process of a person's work, for example, a teacher, on other people. The positive influence of the aesthetic "dimension" on the actualization of personal potentials of specialists in dangerous types of work is shown.
Plasenta Dekolmanı İçin Risk Faktörleri, Maternal ve Perinatal Sonuçlar; Tek Merkezin 5 Yıllık Deneyimi
Authors: ULUUTKU Gizem Berfin , ERGİN Başak , KALE İbrahim , BAYIK Rahime
Published: October 2020

ÖZET

Amaç: Çalışmamızda plasenta dekolmanı için risk faktörlerini tespit etmek, doğum haftasına göre maternal ve perinatal sonuçlarını değerlendirmek.

Gereçler ve Yöntem: Ocak 2014 ve Ocak 2019 yılları arasında Ümraniye Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ndeki doğum kayıtları retrospetif olarak tarandı. 20. gebelik haftasından sonra sezaryene alınan ve klinik olarak plasenta dekolmanı tanısı alan 142 hasta değerlendirmeye alındı. Plasenta dekolmanı tanısı operasyon esnasında retroplasental veya intraplasental hematomun izlenmesiyle konulmuştur. Çalışma tekil gebeliklerle planlanmış ve 5 hasta çoğul gebelik nedeniyle çalışma dışı bırakılmış, toplam 137 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi.

Bulgular ve Sonuç : Çalışmaya alınan olguların %49,6’sının (n=68) hastaneye başvuru sebebi kanama, %28,5’inin (n=39) sancı, %10,9’unun (n=15) su gelişi, %0,7’sinin (n=1) düşme, %1,5’inin (n=2) miad aşımı, %3,6’sının (n=5) mide bulantısı, baş ağrısı olduğu gözlenirken %5,1’inin (n=7) sadece kontrol amaçlı başvurduğu gözlenmiştir. Olguların %31,4’ünde (n=43) kan ve kan ürünleri replasmanı uygulanmıştır. Bebeklerin %32,8’inde (n=45) YDYBÜ yatışı gerekmezken, %42,3’ünün (n=58) yeni doğan yoğun bakım ünitesi (YDYBÜ) yatışı sonrasında taburcu olduğu, %9,5’inin (n=13) YDYBÜ yatışı esnasında ex olduğu izlenmiştir. %15,3’ünün (n=21) ise intrauterin ex fetüs (IUEF) olduğu gözlenmiştir. Plasenta dekolmanı maternal ve perinatal morbidite ve mortaliteyi aşikâr biçimde artırmaktadır. Literatürde normal gebe popülasyonundaki oranları ile kıyaslandığında çalışmamızda hipertansif hastalıklar, intrauterin gelişme geriliği, proteinüri ve plasenta previa olgularının plasenta dekolmanında anlamlı şekilde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Plasenta dekolmanına neden olan risk faktörlerinin bilinmesi, gebelerin yönetiminde ve doğum komplikasyonlarının azaltılmasında yarar sağlayacaktır.
A büntetés-végrehajtási szervezet védekezése a koronavírussal szemben
Authors: Tóth Tamás
Published: October 2020

The Hungarian Prison Service has developed in a fast response to the situation a special protection system for health and safety of the captives and the staff. The measurements released during the pandemic attendance served and ensured in a complex way that in Hungary no captives with coronavirus disease has been found until now. The positive value judgement of professional decision makers and of the society have proofed for commanders and staff the results of a legal and professional fulfilment of tasks. One of the most important lessons in containment of the coronavirus pandemic is that the most effective way of protection can be, until the appearance of a proofed effective vaccine, responsible attitude and connecting to that the compliance with preventive measurements.
Emberközelségbe vinni a rendőrséget!
Authors: Hertelendi Lajos
Published: October 2020

With Dr. Péter Orbán, retired police lieutenant-general, I intend to present the career of a man, whose work, leading and human abilities are exemplary. He is honoured still today, and hopefully his life will stay as an example for many young police cadets who intend to make one’s carrier in this work. Our personal talk for presentation of his career I want to begin with a sentence worth considering as a wisdom saying: “At recruitment I used to say: Everyone who wants to become a policeman should think through this decision as he will not grow rich, but a safe and modest income will be always secured. He will have good colleagues but he will have to go through a lot of convulsions beside labour.”
A Novel Machine Learning Approach to Disentangle Multitemperature Regions in Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Rhea Carter , Hlavacek-Larrondo Julie , Perreault-Levasseur Laurence , Gendron-Marsolais Marie-Lou , Kraft Ralph
Published: October 2020

The hot intracluster medium (ICM) surrounding the heart of galaxy clusters is a complex medium that comprises various emitting components. Although previous studies of nearby galaxy clusters, such as the Perseus, the Coma, or the Virgo cluster, have demonstrated the need for multiple thermal components when spectroscopically fitting the ICM’s X-ray emission, no systematic methodology for calculating the number of underlying components currently exists. In turn, underestimating or overestimating the number of components can cause systematic errors in the emission parameter estimations. In this paper, we present a novel approach to determining the number of components using an amalgam of machine learning techniques. Synthetic spectra containing a various number of underlying thermal components were created using well-established tools available from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The dimensions of the training set was initially reduced using principal component analysis and then categorized based on the number of underlying components using a random forest classifier. Our trained and tested algorithm was subsequently applied to Chandra X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster. Our results demonstrate that machine learning techniques can efficiently and reliably estimate the number of underlying thermal components in the spectra of galaxy clusters, regardless of the thermal model (MEKAL versus APEC). We also confirm that the core of the Perseus cluster contains a mix of differing underlying thermal components. We emphasize that although this methodology was trained and applied on Chandra X-ray observations, it is readily portable to other current (e.g., XMM-Newton, eROSITA) and upcoming (e.g., Athena, Lynx, XRISM) X-ray telescopes. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/XtraAstronomy/Pumpkin.
Re-examining the Radial Distributions of M13 Multiple Populations
Authors: Smolinski Jason P. , Hoogendam Willem B. , Van Kooten Alex J. , Benac Peyton , Bruce Zachary J.
Published: October 2020

We seek to resolve the tension in the literature regarding the presence of radially segregated multiple populations in the Galactic globular cluster M13. Previous studies of this nearby cluster have presented discordant results about the degree of dynamical mixing in M13's inner region. Using ground-based (UBVI) photometry, we show that cumulative radial distributions of stars on the blue and red sides of the red giant branch are statistically identical. Interestingly, these results are obtained using data from large-aperture, ground-based telescopes as well as a more modestly sized instrument, and both are in agreement with previous work done using Hubble Space Telescope and Strömgren photometry. Results are derived using the C

U,B,I
index, shown to be sensitive to compositional differences. We discuss our conclusions that the chemically distinct populations within M13 may be dynamically mixed in the context of published results from simulations.
Appropriate uses of EICAT protocol, data and classifications
Authors: Kumschick Sabrina , Bacher Sven , Bertolino Sandro , Blackburn Tim M. , Evans Thomas , Roy Helen E. , Smith Kevin
Published: October 2020

The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) can be used to classify alien taxa according to the magnitude and type of their environmental impacts. The EICAT protocol, classifications of alien taxa using the protocol (EICAT classification) and the data underpinning classifications (EICAT data) are increasingly used by scientists and practitioners such as governments, NGOs and civil society for a variety of purposes. However, the properties of the EICAT protocol and the data it generates are not suitable for certain uses. Therefore, we present guidelines designed to clarify and facilitate the appropriate use of EICAT to tackle a broad range of conservation issues related to biological invasions, as well as to guide research and communication more generally. Here we address common misconceptions and give a brief overview of some key issues that all EICAT users need to be aware of to take maximal advantage of this resource. Furthermore, we give examples of the wide variety of ways in which the EICAT protocol, classifications and data can be and have been utilised and outline common errors and pitfalls to avoid.
MAcroecological Framework for Invasive Aliens (MAFIA): disentangling large-scale context dependence in biological invasions
Authors: Pyšek Petr , Bacher Sven , Kühn Ingolf , Novoa Ana , Catford Jane A. , Hulme Philip E. , Pergl Jan , Richardson David M. , Wilson John R. U. , Blackburn Tim M.
Published: October 2020

Macroecology is the study of patterns, and the processes that determine those patterns, in the distribution and abundance of organisms at large scales, whether they be spatial (from hundreds of kilometres to global), temporal (from decades to centuries), and organismal (numbers of species or higher taxa). In the context of invasion ecology, macroecological studies include, for example, analyses of the richness, diversity, distribution, and abundance of alien species in regional floras and faunas, spatio-temporal dynamics of alien species across regions, and cross-taxonomic analyses of species traits among comparable native and alien species pools. However, macroecological studies aiming to explain and predict plant and animal naturalisations and invasions, and the resulting impacts, have, to date, rarely considered the joint effects of species traits, environment, and socioeconomic characteristics. To address this, we present the MAcroecological Framework for Invasive Aliens (MAFIA). The MAFIA explains the invasion phenomenon using three interacting classes of factors – alien species traits, location characteristics, and factors related to introduction events – and explicitly maps these interactions onto the invasion sequence from transport to naturalisation to invasion. The framework therefore helps both to identify how anthropogenic effects interact with species traits and environmental characteristics to determine observed patterns in alien distribution, abundance, and richness; and to clarify why neglecting anthropogenic effects can generate spurious conclusions. Event-related factors include propagule pressure, colonisation pressure, and residence time that are important for mediating the outcome of invasion processes. However, because of context dependence, they can bias analyses, for example those that seek to elucidate the role of alien species traits. In the same vein, failure to recognise and explicitly incorporate interactions among the main factors impedes our understanding of which macroecological invasion patterns are shaped by the environment, and of the importance of interactions between the species and their environment. The MAFIA is based largely on insights from studies of plants and birds, but we believe it can be applied to all taxa, and hope that it will stimulate comparative research on other groups and environments. By making the biases in macroecological analyses of biological invasions explicit, the MAFIA offers an opportunity to guide assessments of the context dependence of invasions at broad geographical scales.
A framework for prioritising present and potentially invasive mammal species for a national list
Authors: Bertolino Sandro , Ancillotto Leonardo , Bartolommei Paola , Benassi Giulia , Capizzi Dario , Gasperini Stefania , Lucchesi Marco , Mori Emiliano , Scillitani Laura , Sozio Giulia , Falaschi Mattia , Ficetola Gentile Francesco , Cerri Jacopo , Genovesi Piero , Carnevali Lucilla , Loy Anna , Monaco Andrea
Published: October 2020

The European Union (EU) has recently adopted a regulation on invasive alien species that foresees the possibility of developing lists of species of National Concern. We developed a prioritisation process for alien mammals already established in Italy, but not yet included in the EU list (n = 6 species) and a systematic horizon-scanning procedure to obtain ranked lists for those species that are already introduced worldwide or traded in Italy (n = 213). Experts were asked to score these species, by evaluating their likelihood of establishment and spread and the magnitude of their potential impacts on biodiversity, economy, human-health and society. The manageability of each species was also evaluated, both for the proritisation and the horizon-scanning processes. We produced five lists that ranked species according to their potential spread and impacts and their manageability. These will allow policy-makers to select outputs according to a balance between risk assessment and risk management, establishing priorities for alien species management at the national level.
A fractional Landweber iterative regularization method for stable analytic continuation
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Qianchao , Li Xiaoxiao
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we consider the problem of analytic continuation of the analytic function $g(z) = g(x+iy)$ on a strip domain Ω = $\{z = x+iy\in \mathbb{C}|\, x\in\mathbb{R}, 0 < y < y_0\}$, where the data is given only on the line $y = 0$. This problem is a severely ill-posed problem. We propose the fraction Landweber iterative regularization method to deal with this problem. Under the a priori and a posteriori regularization parameter choice rule, we all obtain the error estimates between the regularization solution and the exact solution. Some numerical examples are given to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed methods.
Learning Portfolio and Proactive Learning in Higher Education Pedagogy
Authors: Köpeczi-Bócz Tamás
Published: October 2020

Industry 4.0 requires highly skilled, sophisticated workers and entrepreneurs, and continuous training is essen-tial for them, and its scene is increasingly shifting to higher education. For this reason, higher education peda-gogy must go through continuous innovation. In this article, we present a model experiment of VET teacher training, which consists of a so-called proactive learning method and a portfolio-based evaluation process. In the pedagogical model, the student-teacher relationship focuses on the preparation process before the classroom meeting. During proactive learning, the student prepares for the lesson using ICT systems, gets to know his / her classmates, collects and processes data. By combining his impressions, his own written works, his reflec-tions during the learning process, he creates a kind of developmental history and work description, which is the actual portfolio. Portfolio as an assessment method is an integral part of the proactive learning model. Portfolio implementation requires a proactive learning model, and in this model, portfolio is the most appropriate as-sessment method. One of the aims of our experiment is to investigate whether performance measurement in higher education pedagogy can be carried out through portfolio-type evaluation. Another aim of our experiment is to examine whether the efficiency of knowledge transfer in higher education pedagogy can be improved through a proactive learning process.
 Taxas de cesarianas em um hospital universitário a partir da classificação de Robson/Cesarean section rates in a university hospital based on the Robson classification
Authors: Reis Agnes Maria , Beltrame Renata Cristina Teixeira , Arantes Rayssa Basilio Santos , Correa Áurea Cristina de Paula , Martins Debora Pereira
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: descrever as taxas de cesáreas de um hospital universitário a partir da Classificação de Robson. Método: descritivo e transversal, realizado a partir de dados do Sistema de Informações de Nascidos Vivos dos partos ocorridos em um hospital universitário, entre 2015 e 2017. Resultados: houve aumento progressivo da via de parto cesárea e a consequente manutenção da elevada taxa geral de cesariana. Quantidade considerável das parturientes possuía condições obstétricas favoráveis para o parto vaginal e, caso tivesse sido acompanhada por enfermeiras (os) obstétricas (os), poderia ter aumentado a sua possibilidade de ter um parto vaginal. O maior grupo da Classificação de Robson foi o de multíparas, com cesárea anterior e gestação a termo (grupo 5), que provavelmente está relacionado ao número elevado de cesariana identificado em primíparas (grupo 1) e a limitações dos métodos de indução para o trabalho de parto. Conclusão: o uso da Classificação de Robson permitiu conhecer, com maior especificidade, o perfil das mulheres submetidas à cesárea no serviço, o que pode subsidiar a elaboração de estratégias mais efetivas e condizentes com a realidade no enfrentamento das taxas elevadas de cesariana.
 Percepções de residentes em urgência e emergência sobre sua formação: desafios para a aprendizagem / Perceptions of residents in urgency and emergency about their training: challenges for learning
Authors: Artico Geisiane Aparecida , Soares Rezende Lopes Maria Tereza , Santos Ferreira de Omena Malenna Beattriz , Fernandes Cardoso da Silva Rodrigues Thamires , Bellini Cardoso Luana Cristina , Trindade Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida , Lopes de Moraes Gil Nelly
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: identificar a percepção de profissionais integrantes de um Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Urgência e Emergência acerca de sua formação. Método: estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo, desenvolvido com residentes do segundo ano de um programa de residência multiprofissional. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre junho a agosto de 2018, por meio de entrevista individual e semiestruturada. Para processamento dos dados utilizou-se o software IRAMUTEQ®, e a análise ancorou-sena modalidade temática. Resultados: participaram 11 residentes, entre enfermeiros, farmacêuticos e psicólogos. Da convergência entre a organização dos dados e da análise emergiram duas categorias: Contribuições da residência para o desenvolvimento profissional; Desarticulação entre o eixo transversal e o específico. Considerações Finais: a residência proporcionou aos participantes experiências de aprendizado teórico-prático, compartilhamento de conhecimentos e saberes, por meio de discussões de casos clínicos por equipe multiprofissional. Entretanto, notou-se intensa insatisfação com a organização do programa e o processo de trabalho, devido à escassez de aporte teórico dos docentes e preceptores, e também sua dificuldade para articular as atividades assistenciais e educacionais de forma multi e interdisciplinar, além da sobrecarga de trabalho com consequente desvio de suas atividades.
 Autocuidado de feridas crônicas no ambiente domiciliar: uma análise na perspectiva de Dorothea Orem / Self-care of chronic wounds in the household environment: an analysis from the perspective of Dorothea Orem
Authors: Kindel Maria Elisa , Jung Walnice , Witt Regina Rigatto , Costa Idevânia Geraldina , Lazzari Daniele Delacanal , Carballo Kety Bernardes
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Analisar o autocuidado de pessoas com feridas crônicas no domicílio. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo exploratório. Participaram 20 pacientes de um ambulatório de Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados ocorreu de setembro a outubro de 2016, por meio de entrevistas. A análise de conteúdo identificou três categorias que foram discutidas à luz do referencial de Orem: Demanda terapêutica do autocuidado, Competências dos indivíduos para o autocuidado e Competências da enfermagem para o gerenciamento do autocuidado. Resultados: Identificou-se como demanda terapêutica alterada de autocuidado o aumento da necessidade de repouso, devido à dor. Quanto ao desenvolvimento: restrição de atividades diárias de vida, por limitação no deslocamento. Quanto aos desvios de saúde: déficits de competência (automedicação, desconhecimento sobre curativos e complicações). O autocuidado foi influenciado por fatores internos (desconhecimento, dúvidas) e externos (assistência médica, valorização dos procedimentos curativos e provisão de material). A competência da Enfermagem foi acionada na identificação da ferida, realização de curativos e orientações. Considerações finais: Este contexto apresenta potencialidades para a promoção do autocuidado, seja pela implementação de protocolo instituído para o tratamento de feridas, ou para capacitação dos profissionais voltada para um atendimento mais resolutivo e que englobe os aspectos da prevenção, promoção e reabilitação em saúde.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SARS-COV-2 IN BRAZIL – A NEW CHALLENGE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
Authors: Romero Nicolino Rafael , Teixeira Paiva Marcelo , De Castro Teotônio Helena , Paulo Batista Marco , Stefanie Fonseca de Oliveira Camila
Published: October 2020

In December 2019, a new disease was identified in China. From the investigation of cases of pneumonia of indefinite origin, researchers came to the identification of a new coronavirus, called SARS-CoV-2. Causing more than 3.5 million cases and nearly 250.000 deaths between December 2019 and May 2020, COVID-19 was declared a Pandemic by the WHO in March 2020 and since then major consequences and changes in the daily lives of the world population have been occurring. Elucidating its epidemiology, knowing its associated risk factors are fundamental points to combat COVID-19.
TOPICS ON MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NOVEL CORONAVIRUS SPECIES SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Letícia Domingues Molinari Bruna
Published: October 2020

Since December 2019, a new coronavirus species named SARS-CoV-2 has been related to thousands of cases of severe respiratory disease worldwide, been considered a public health issue. Molecular comparisons between isolates from SARS-CoV-2 and other coronavirus species showed identity levels around 79% with the human strain SARS-CoV. However, sequence homology analysis showed that the most closely related known viruses with SARS-CoV-2 are two bat SL-CoVs (~89%), revealing similar evolutionary relationships and evidences that bats can act as reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2. Despite this, viral RNA has been detected in two dogs and two cats belonging to SARS-CoV-2 infected owners, in Hong Kong and Belgium, and in one tiger maintained at the Bronx Zoo in New York City. Additionally, ferrets and cats are found to be highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 in an experiment carried out in a controlled environment. However, there is no evidence of these animals acting as reservoirs of the virus. Despite the high genetic identity found among SARS-CoV-2 strains, mutations have been identified, mostly in the structural protein S gene, but until now, there is no enough evidence to relate specific mutation in the viral genome to a higher number of infected patients or death.
CHALLENGES OF THE MEDICAL TEAM DURING HOSPITAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED COVID-19
Authors: Cruz de Castro Nicolino Natali , Tatiana Granja-Salcedo Yury
Published: October 2020

In December 2019, a new disease was identified in China. From the investigation of cases of pneumonia of undefined origin, researchers came to the identification of a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2. The health sector in Brazil is facing a huge load from the disease pandemic. Since February 26, 2020, when the first case of COVID-19 was registered in São Paulo, the Unified Health System, which offers universal access to health services, and the private sector face a growing pressure and overload on the system, with 241 thousand cases, 16 thousand deaths and 8 million of tests performed. In the most affected regions, health systems are near to the collapse - the result of years of fragmentation and decades of financial cuts, and deprivations of human and technical resources. This scenario never before faced in most of western countries, but already seen in eastern countries, is a major challenge for health teams and health managers in Brazil. This review aims to elucidate the main challenges of the hospital team in the management of patients suspected of COVID-19 during the 2020 pandemic in Brazil.
A new eco-friendly packaging material made of straw and bioplastic
Authors: Rossi Giuseppe , Conti Leonardo , Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Marvasi Massimiliano , Monti Massimo , Rotini Federico , Togni Marco , Barbari Matteo
Published: October 2020

Packaging waste is cause for serious concern. Each year hundreds of millions of tons of packaging are produced, therefore solutions that drastically reduce their environmental impact are urgently needed. While the recycling of metal, wood, paper and cardboard packaging has been significantly improved, an efficient recycling or disposal of some plastics is not yet feasible. The European Union implemented various regulations concerning packaging and packaging waste and set some relevant short to medium-term targets for recycling and disposal rates. Over the last decade, the global trend of the eco-sustainable packaging market is heading in the same direction. The aim of this research is to develop an innovative and sustainable composite material for the production of tertiary packaging based on the combination of natural fibres and biodegradable biopolymers. In particular, the experimental application entailed the creation of prototypes consisting of a material made of straw and biodegradable plastic Mater-Bi® which is named NeoPalea. The new material was prototyped to verify its physical characteristics and to determine its potential use to replace current not-biodegradable packaging. The results show a good match with the characteristics of current polymers, suggesting that this material can be used as a potential substitute in packaging applications.
Rapid assessment of fertilizers manufacturing methods by means of a novel waveguide vector spectrometer
Authors: Iaccheri Eleonora , Berardinelli Annachiara , Ciavatta Claudio , Ragni Luigi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to test the suitability of a waveguide spectrometer, as a rapid and cheap tool to discriminate between different fertilizers according to two different manufacturing methods, such as granulation and blending. The tested instrument is a waveguide vector spectrometer, patented in 2016, that operates in the range 1.6-2.7 GHz, giving both spectral phase and gain measurements. Granulated and blended fertilizers were dehydrated and pulverized to avoid possible interferences due to the water content and the geometry of the sample. The spectral data were analysed by multivariate statistical analysis [principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA)] in order to obtain a discrimination tool considering the whole hidden spectral information. PC1 (95% of the explained variance) and PC2 (4% of the explained variance) are shown to explain most of the spectral variability. A tendency to group samples according to the different production methods can be seen, even if the discrimination is influenced by the different chemical compositions of fertilizers. However, PLS-DA models correctly classified 100% of the samples into granulated and blended classes using spectra obtained by waveguide spectroscopy. Despite being preliminary, the tests carried out on a small number of samples show how the technique coupled with PLS-DA models could be able to discriminate between the analysed fertilizers by means of their spectral signature and according to the manufacturing method, if the chemical composition is kept constant. Further tests are necessary to validate the model, also considering the possibility of grouping fertilizers on the basis of their similar composition.
Performance on the Single-Legged Step Down and Running Mechanics
Authors: Schreiber Cassidy , Becker James
Published: October 2020

Context

Previous authors have shown associations between kinematics on the single-legged step down (SLSD) and running mechanics. Therefore, the SLSD may be a useful tool for identifying runners with poor running mechanics when 2- or 3-dimensional gait analysis is not available. However, the associations between SLSD performance and running kinetics, as well as the influences of sex and muscle strength on these relationships, remain unclear.

Objective

To evaluate whether kinematics on the SLSD predict kinematics and kinetics while running and whether the relationships differ between men and women and are mediated by muscle strength.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Biomechanics research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Fifty highly trained runners (25 men, 25 women; age = 27.8 ± 9.2 years, height = 1.69 ± 0.26 m, mass = 66.3 ± 15.0 kg, running distance = 45.2 ± 19.1 mile/wk [72.32 ± 30.56 km/wk]).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Relationships between kinematics on the SLSD and kinematics and kinetics during running were evaluated. We also assessed whether muscle strength moderated these relationships.

Results

For men, linear regression revealed that peak hip adduction (R2 = 0.306, P = .012), internal rotation (R2 = 0.439, P = .002), knee valgus (R2 = 0.544, P = .001), and rearfoot eversion (R2 = 0.274, P = .008) on the SLSD were strongly predictive of kinematics during running. In women, only peak hip internal rotation (R2 = 0.573, P = .001), knee valgus (R2 = 0.442, P = .001), and rearfoot eversion (R2 = 0.384, P = .012) predicted running kinematics. In women, total medial collapse on the SLSD predicted peak hip-adductor moment (R2 = 0.364, P = .001) during running. None of the relationships were moderated by muscle strength in either men or women.

Conclusions

Kinematics during the SLSD predicted kinematics while running in both men and women but only predicted kinetics while running in women. Given that none of the relationships between SLSD performance and running mechanics were moderated by muscle strength, clinicians should assess movement quality and strength independently.
Peripancreatic fluid collections, plastic stents, and different sub-types of metal stents
Authors: Al Lehibi Abed , Al Jabri Abdullah , Abbarh Shahem , Al Balkhi Areej , Al Otaibi Nawwaf , Almasoudi Thamer , Al Mtawa Abdullah , AlGhamdi Adel , Al Eid Ahmad , Al Ghamdi Ahmed , Al Khathlan Abdullah , Qutub Adel , Al Sayari Khalid , Ahmad Shameem
Published: October 2020

Background:

Peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are a frequent complication of acute pancreatitis. Symptomatic PFCs may need to be drained, and there are multiple endoscopic accessories that can facilitate the procedure. This paper aims to compare the success rate, number of procedures required for resolution and adverse events rate for PFCs EUS-guided drainage with plastic stents and lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS).

Methods:

This is a retrospective analysis of a consecutive sample of patients that was collected from 2013 – 2019. The medical records of these patients were reviewed, and the outcomes for each type of stent (plastic vs LAMS, and different subtypes of LAMS) were compared in terms of clinical success, number of re-interventions needed, and adverse events.

Results:

A total of 33 patients (23 males) were treated for PFCs with EUS-guided drainage and stenting. The patients' ages ranged between 14 and 85 years (mean ± SD: 43.5 ± 19 years). Overall, there was no difference between plastic stents and LAMS in terms of symptomatic recovery (P = 0. 24), but metal stents had better results with regards to radiological resolution (P = 0.03), and were associated with a higher number of necrosectomies (P = 0.029). Adverse events occurred more frequently in patients who had plastic stents, but direct comparison between the two groups showed that the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.2). Stratification for different LAMS subtypes showed no difference in terms of symptomatic or radiological resolution (P =0.49), number of rescue procedures (P = 0.41), and adverse events (P = 0.81).

Conclusion:

Our study, along with the current available evidence, suggests a slight advantage of metal stents over plastic stents in terms of clinical success, need for rescue procedures, and incidence of adverse events. Furthermore, it provides empirical evidence that the different sub-types of LAMS perform similarly when compared against each other.