bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEY APPROACHES TO THE LEGAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Kuteynikov Dmitry L. , Izhaev Osman A. , Zenin Sergey S. , Lebedev Valerian A.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this article is to identify the features of legal approaches to the regulation of public relations arising in connection with the emergence of artificial intelligence systems in the European Union, the United States of America, the People’s Republic of China and the Russian Federation. The authors conducted a review of regulatory legal acts in the field of functioning of artificial intelligence systems adopted or under consideration in these jurisdictions. In the course of the study, the key features of the approaches used to legal regulation were identified. The paper argues that the EU plans to use a risk-based approach and impose regulatory requirements on subjects, depending on the degree of a threat to security and human rights that the use of artificial intelligence poses. The USA prefer not to create a preventive system of legal regulation, their approach involves the regulation of public relations on the basis of the existing regulatory framework. China has adopted ambitious development concepts in the field of functioning of artificial intelligence and robotics, innovations are being introduced into the public space more actively than in the EU and the USA due to centralized regulation. At the same time, the research concludes that in the process of adopting regulatory legal acts, the state reserves a lot of opportunities for unlimited participation in the activities of private companies and also actively introduces innovations to create a unified system of control over all areas of social life. The concept adopted in the Russian Federation is based on the identification of cross-cutting legal problems, industry-wide and sectoral tasks of legal regulation. The authors come to the conclusion that within this concept, industry-wide tasks do not fully cover the stated problems and, accordingly, are aimed at their partial resolution. In particular, it does not provide for the tasks of ensuring transparency and accountability of artificial intelligence’s algorithms.
CHINA'S COMPETITIVENESS AS AN INVESTOR FOR RUSSIA IN GENERAL AND FOR THE ENERGY SECTOR IN PARTICULAR
Authors: Wang Jilu
Published: April 2022

The article the assessment of the China competitiveness is carried out taking into account geopolitical and economic factors. In terms of geopolitics, attention is paid to such initiatives as “Pivot to the East”, “One Belt One Road” and the initiative of countering the spread of COVID-19. In the context of economic indicators, an integral assessment of China's competitiveness as an investor is conducted on the basis of such indicators as the level of GDP, the global competitiveness index, the indicator of investment activity of China in the world and in Russia, as well as the indicator of investment activity in the energy sector of Russia, the number of Chinese investment energy projects and their current number. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that, China has an exceptional competitive advantage from the point of view of geopolitics and macroeconomics. However, within the energy sector, China has been losing ground due to a decrease in investment activity.
NEW NON-R EGI ONAL PARTNERS OF LATIN AMERICA: CHALLENGES AND LESSONS FOR RUSSIA
Authors: Chirkin S. A.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the trade and economic relations of Latin American countries with individual non-regional partners represented by Japan, South Korea, India and Turkey. The main focus is on the evolution of the foreign economic relations of these countries with the Latin American region and the efforts of the governments of these states to develop them. The main features and trends of bilateral economic cooperation are revealed. The main indicators of trade and economic interaction of the studied countries with the Latin American region are given. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the situation with the conclusion of bilateral trade agreements. There is a clear desire on the part of Turkey to develop a dialogue with Latin American countries in the field of military-technical cooperation. A comparative analysis of the level and content of foreign economic relations with Latin America of the mentioned countries and Russia is carried out. It is concluded that recently there has been a noticeable intensification of trade and economic cooperation between Latin America and Japan, South Korea, India and Turkey, which creates certain challenges for the Russian Federation in terms of increasing the supply of export products to the region. In conclusion, a number of recommendations are formulated to increase the pace of cooperation between Russia and Latin-American countries in the context of increasing competition in the region from other states.
Integrated Approach to Rising the Level of Social and Economic Development of the Region Based on Tourism: Coordinated Development on Regional, Sectoral and Micro-Levels
Authors: Boldyreva S. B.
Published: April 2022

There are various mechanisms of developing tourism on the regional level, which are based on different methods and approaches. The article shows that managing tourism on the region level is carried out within the frames of classic functions of the management theory. At the same time the sectoral level of the coordinated development of tourism is closely related to the regional one and it can be attributed, as well as the regional one, to the mezzo-level of tourism management. In our opinion, it is necessary to distinguish these levels of coordinated development. The need to single out the sectoral level of coordinated development of tourism today is connected with wide proliferation, both in practice and in theory, the ideas of cluster approach to the development of travel industry. To analyze and work out proposals dealing with upgrading mechanisms of managing social and economic development of the region on the basis of tourism on the regional, sectoral and micro-levels it is possible to use the integrated approach.
Volunteering as a Principle Trend in Today’s World
Authors: Zakharova T. I. , Sadykova K. V. , Lebedev A. A.
Published: April 2022

Nowadays volunteer organizations are becoming more and more popular, which promotes building the trend towards socially oriented business by implementation of corporate volunteering programs. The growth in volunteer projects number fosters volunteer centers emergence all over the world and a serious impact of volunteer projects motivates a deeper study of this phenomenon. It should be pointed out that at present society is going through an active stage of passing over from situational volunteering to more systematic and deliberate functioning. The authors show that this fact is connected with the global development of culture of corporate social responsibility in our country and in the world and therefore, with introduction of standards and principles of corporate social responsibility in the in-company environment of organizations.
Recent Advancement of Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Carrier
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Biharee Avadh , Vyas Amber , Thareja Suresh , Jain Akhlesh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background:

Biomedical applications of polymersomes have been explored, including drug and
gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, the delivery of anticancer agents, and various diagnostic
purposes.

Objectives:

Polymersomes, which are self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymers, have received a lot of attention
in drug delivery approaches. This review represents the methods of preparation of polymersomes, including
thin-film rehydration, electroformation, double emulsion, gel-assisted rehydration, PAPYRUS method,
and solvent injection methods, including various therapeutic applications of polymersomes.

Methods:

Data was searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct through searching of the
following keywords: Polymersomes, methods of preparation, amphiphilic block copolymers, anticancer drug
delivery

Results:

Polymersomes provide both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug delivery to a targeted site, increasing
the formulation's stability and reducing the cytotoxic side effects of drugs.

Conclutions:

Polymersomes have the potential to be used in a variety of biological applications, including drug
and gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, delivery of anticancer agents, as well as in various
diagnostic purposes. Recently, polymersomes have been used more frequently because of their stability, reducing
the encapsulated drug's leakage, site-specific drug delivery, and increasing the bioavailability of the drugs
and different diagnostic purposes. The liposomes encapsulate only hydrophilic drugs, but polymersomes encapsulate
both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in their cores.
Neuroproteomics Chip-Based Mass Spectrometry and Other Techniques for Alzheimer’s Disease Biomarkers – Update
Authors: Pomilio Alicia B. , Vitale Arturo A. , Lazarowski Alberto J.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of growing interest given that there is cognitive damage and symptom onset acceleration. Therefore, it is important to find AD biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease progression, and discrimination of AD and other diseases.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to update the relevance of mass spectrometry for the identification of peptides and proteins involved in AD useful as discriminating biomarkers.

Methods:

Proteomics and peptidomics technologies that show the highest possible specificity and selectivity for AD biomarkers are analyzed, together with the biological fluids used. In addition to positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is widely used to identify proteins and peptides involved in AD. The use of protein chips in SELDI technology and electroblotting chips for peptides makes feasible small amounts (μL) of samples for analysis.

Results:

Suitable biomarkers are related to AD pathology, such as intracellular neurofibrillary tangles; extraneuronal senile plaques; neuronal and axonal degeneration; inflammation and oxidative stress. Recently, peptides were added to the candidate list, which are not amyloid-β or tau fragments, but are related to coagulation, brain plasticity, and complement/neuroinflammation systems involving the neurovascular unit.

Conclusion:

The progress made in the application of mass spectrometry and recent chip techniques is promising for discriminating between AD, mild cognitive impairment, and matched healthy controls. The application of this technique to blood samples from patients with AD has shown to be less invasive and fast enough to determine the diagnosis, stage of the disease, prognosis, and follow-up of the therapeutic response.
Managing Apoptosis in Lung Diseases using Nano-assisted Drug Delivery System
Authors: Shukla Monu K. , Dubey Amit , Pandey Sadanand , Singh Sachin K. , Gupta Gaurav , Prasher Parteek , Chellappan Dinesh K. , Oliver Brian G. , Kumar Deepak , Dua Kamal
Published: April 2022

Several factors exist that limit the efficacy of lung cancer treatment. These may be tumor-specific
delivery of therapeutics, airway geometry, humidity, clearance mechanisms, presence of lung diseases, and
therapy against tumor cell resistance. Advancements in drug delivery using nanotechnology based multifunctional
nanocarriers, have emerged as a viable method for treating lung cancer with more efficacy and fewer adverse
effects. This review does a thorough and critical examination of effective nano-enabled approaches for
lung cancer treatment, such as nano-assisted drug delivery systems. In addition, to therapeutic effectiveness,
researchers have been working to determine several strategies to produce nanotherapeutics by adjusting the
size, drug loading, transport, and retention. Personalized lung tumor therapies using sophisticated nano modalities
have the potential to provide great therapeutic advantages based on individual unique genetic markers and
disease profiles. Overall, this review provides comprehensive information on newer nanotechnological prospects
for improving the management of apoptosis in lung cancer.
Urine Metabolites as a Predictor of Warfarin Response Based on INR in Atrial
Fibrillation
Authors: Bawadikji Abdulkader Ahmad , Teh Chin-Hoe , Kader Muhamad Ali Bin Sheikh Abdul , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Ibrahim Baharudin
Published: April 2022

Background:

Warfarin is an anticoagulant with wide inter-individual variations in drug responses monitored
based on the International Normalized Ratio (INR). It is commonly prescribed for atrial fibrillation (AF) and
stroke. Oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin) reduce the risk of getting a stroke but increase the risk of hemorrhage.
The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) pharmacometabonomics technique is useful for determining drug
responses. Furthermore, pharmacometabonomics analysis can help identify novel biomarkers of warfarin outcome/
INR stability in urine.

Objectives:

The focus of this research was to determine if urine metabolites could predict the warfarin response
based on INR in patients who were already taking warfarin (identification; phase I) and to determine if urine metabolites
could distinguish between unstable and stable INR in patients who had just started taking warfarin (validation;
phase II).

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted. Ninety urine samples were collected for phase 1, with 49 having
unstable INR and 41 having stable INR. In phase II, 21 urine samples were obtained, with 13 having an unstable INR
and eight having a stable INR. The metabolites associated with unstable INR and stable INR could be determined
using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results:

Multivariate logistic regression (MVLR) analysis showed that unstable INR was linked with seven regions.

Discussion:

The urine pharmacometabonomics technique utilized could differentiate between the urine metabolite
profiles of the patients on warfarin for INR stability.

Conclusion:

1H-NMR-based pharmacometabonomics can help lead to a more individualized, controlled side effect
for warfarin, thus minimizing undesirable effects in the future.
MetaConClust - Unsupervised Binning of Metagenomics Data using Consensus Clustering
Authors: Sharma Anu , Sinha Dipro , Mishra Dwijesh Chandra , Rai Anil , Lal Shashi Bhushan , Kumar Sanjeev , Farooqi Moh. Samir , Chaturvedi Krishna Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background:

Binning of metagenomic reads is an active area of research, and many unsupervised machine learning-based techniques have been used for taxonomic independent binning of metagenomic reads.

Objective:

It is important to find the optimum number of the cluster as well as develop an efficient pipeline for deciphering the complexity of the microbial genome.

Method:

Applying unsupervised clustering techniques for binning requires finding the optimal number of clusters beforehand and is observed to be a difficult task. This paper describes a novel method, MetaConClust, using coverage information for grouping of contigs and automatically finding the optimal number of clusters for binning of metagenomics data using a consensus-based clustering approach. The coverage of contigs in a metagenomics sample has been observed to be directly proportional to the abundance of species in the sample and is used for grouping of data in the first phase by MetaConClust. The Partitioning Around Medoid (PAM) method is used for clustering in the second phase for generating bins with the initial number of clusters determined automatically through a consensus-based method.

Results:

Finally, the quality of the obtained bins is tested using silhouette index, rand Index, recall, precision, and accuracy. Performance of MetaConClust is compared with recent methods and tools using benchmarked low complexity simulated and real metagenomic datasets and is found better for unsupervised and comparable for hybrid methods.

Conclusion:

This is suggestive of the proposition that the consensus-based clustering approach is a promising method for automatically finding the number of bins for metagenomics data.
PBX1 Participates in Estrogen-mediated Bladder Cancer Progression and
Chemo-resistance Affecting Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Wan Yinxu , Zhao Yang , Che Jizhong , Tian Aimin , Zhang Gang , Xu Yankai , Li Shuhang , Liu Songlin
Published: April 2022

Background:

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common cancer associated with high morbidity and
mortality worldwide. Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1) has been reported to be involved
in tumor progression.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to explore the specific role of PBX1 in BCa and its underlying
mechanisms.

Methods:

The relative expressions of PBX1 in muscle-invasive BCa tissues and cell lines were analyzed
through RT-qPCR and western blotting. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to analyze the relationship
between PBX1 levels and survival status. Co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) and chromatin immunoprecipitation
(ChIP)-qPCR assays were adopted to verify the interaction between PBX1 and Estrogen
receptors (ERs) and explore the estrogen receptors (ERs)-dependent genes transcription.

Results:

PBX1 was upregulated in invasive BCa patients and BCa cells, positively associated with tumor
size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and poorer survival status. The overexpression of
PBX1 promoted cell growth, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and cisplatin
resistance in BCa cells, while the silence of PBX1 showed opposite effects. Furthermore, PBX1 interacted
with ERs and was required for ER function. PBX1 overexpression aggravated the tumorpromoting
effect of estrogen on BCa cells, while it partially suppressed the inhibitory effects of ER
antagonist AZD9496 on BCa cells.

Conclusion:

This study revealed that PBX1 participated in estrogen mediated BCa progression and
chemo-resistance through binding and activating estrogen receptors. Hence, PBX1 may serve as a potential
prognostic and therapeutic target for BCa treatment.
Management of Cardiac Patients in Epidemic Outbreak
Authors: Nola Iskra Alexandra , Francula-Zaninovic Sonja
Published: April 2022

In times of COVID-19 epidemic/pandemic, cardiac patients are vulnerable group with
many specific conditions that could aggravate their condition. In this narrative review, we present
possible measures adequate in managing cardiac patients in epidemic outbreak. An overview of the
role of cardiologists and Crisis Management Team in management of cardiac patients is given.
Protocols and measures implemented in COVID-19 crises are presented in light of risk assessment
and disease prevention of cardiac patients and measures that should be taken for each cardiac condition.
Specificity of epidemics calls for specific measures in addressing cardiac patients as part of
the affected population. Many possible outcomes could be expected in an epidemic outbreak in relation
to cardiovascular diseases, but tailored measures will keep cardiac patients safe. Proposed
preventive measures for cardiac patients could be implemented in existing protocols for epidemic
outbreak.
The Role of Plant-based Products in the Prevention of Neurological Complications
Authors: Vellapandian Chitra , S Ankul Singh
Published: April 2022

Background:

Neurological complications are most likely to be fatal and cause loss of
ability to function or care for self. These include Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive impairment.
The main aim of the review is to determine the effects of various drugs and their cognitive risk
with the need to opt for herbal therapy as an adjuvant in treating neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s
disease with lesser-known side effects.

Methods:

Involved a detailed literature survey which was performed through an online database,
such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed. The study included randomized
trials and original research conducted by herbal supplements on animal models to assess
the expression of upregulation of signalling pathways. Various studies involved in treating dementia,
neurological disorders, Alzheimer disease, and cognitive dysfunction were included.

Results:

found that various studies involved plant-based products were showing improvement in
prevention of disease and signalling pathways with lesser-known side effects.

Conclusion:

it was observed that plant-based products play a major role in the prevention of neurological
complications. Herbal medicines could most suitably prevent Alzheimer’s risk with less
known side effects in contrast with the existing treatment patterns. However, to improve the utility
of herbal medicines, more evidences from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials need to be addressed.
MicroRNA-7 Regulates Insulin Signaling Pathway by Targeting IRS1,
IRS2, and RAF1 Genes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bhushan Ravi , Rani Anjali , Gupta Deepali , Ali Akhtar , Dubey Pawan K.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Small non-coding micro RNAs (miRNAs) are indicated in various metabolic processes and play a critical role in disease pathology, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to examine the altered expression of miRNAs and their target genes in placental tissue (PL), cord blood (CB), and maternal blood (MB) of matched non-glucose toler-ant (NGT) and GDM mother.

Methods:

In a case-control study, micro-RNA was quantified from forty-five serum (MB n = 15, CB n = 15, and PL n = 15) and matched placental tissue using stem-loop RT-qPCR followed by target prediction, network construction and functional and pathways enrichment analysis. Further, target genes were veri-fied in-vitro through transfection and RT-qPCR.

Results:

Five miRNAs, namely hsa-let 7a-5P, hsa-miR7-5P, hsa-miR9-5P, hsa-miR18a-5P, and hsa-miR23a-3P were significantly over-expressed (p < 0.05) in all three samples namely PL, CB, and MB of GDM patients. However, the sample-wise comparison reveals higher expression of miRNA 7 in MB while lowest in CB than control. Furthermore, a comparison of fold change expression of target genes discloses a lower expression of IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in MB while comparatively higher expression of NRAS in MB and CB. In-vitro validation reveals lower expression of IRS1/2 and RAF1 in response to overexpression of miR-7 and vice-versa. Thus it is evident that increased miRNA7 expression causes down-regulation of its target genes IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in GDM mother compared to control. Further, target prediction, pathway enrichment, and hormone analysis (significantly higher FSH & LH in MB of GDM compared to NGT) revealed insulin signaling, inflammatory and GnRH signaling as major path-ways regulated by miRNA7.

Conclusions:

Thus, an elevated level of miRNA7 may be associated with the progression of GDM by al-tering the multiple pathways like insulin, GnRH, and inflammatory signaling pathways via targeting IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1, implicating a new therapeutic target for GDM.
Relationship between Nutritional Status, Frailty, and Cognitive Function among Elderly at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh General Hospital Banjarmasin
Authors: Cahyawati Wiwit Agung Sri Nur , Panghiyangani Roselina , Muslim Muhammad Syauqi Abid , Rahman Novia Belinda
Published: April 2022

The elderly often have nutritional problems. The risk of malnutrition can stimulate the prevalence of frailty and declining cognitive function in the elderly. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status, frailty, and cognitive function in the elderly at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Hospital Banjarmasin. This study was analytic observational using a cross-sectional method. A sample of 93 elderly was obtained using a total sampling technique according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The nutritional status assessment was done using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results showed that the mean of Mini Nutritional Assessment score was 12.00±2.126, the average frailty score was 4.41±1.872, and the average value of cognitive function was 25.98±2.923. Data were analyzed using the Spearman's non-parametric correlation test with a 95% confidence level. The correlation test results between nutritional status and frailty obtained p=0.000 and r=-0.490. The correlation test results between nutritional status and cognitive function obtained p=0.000 and r=0.595. In short, there is a relationship between nutritional status on frailty and cognitive function in the elderly at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh General Hospital Banjarmasin, it means that the good nutritional status in the elderly, the risk of frailty syndrome will decrease and improve cognitive function.
Effectiveness of 0.1% Retinol Serum and Astaxanthin Gel on Skin Photoaging
Authors: Setyanto Boedhy , Murlistyarini Sinta , Florensia Dea
Published: April 2022

Skin photoaging is cumulative skin damage due to chronic environmental exposure, especially ultraviolet (UV) light, which interferes with the keratinocyte and fibroblast syntheses by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Retinol can improve wrinkles, pigmentation, elasticity, firmness, brightness, and various signs of photoaging on the skin. Astaxanthin is a powerful antioxidant that protects the skin from UV rays, inhibits MMP, and stimulates collagen production. This case report presents 2 cases of women complaining about deep skin wrinkles, dullness, and looseness. Physical examination in the facial region revealed wrinkles when resting in the first patient and wrinkles during motion in the second patient. The first patient was diagnosed Glogau III photoaging, while the second patient was diagnosed Glogau II photoaging. Both patients received astaxanthin gel therapy and SPF 33 sunscreen cream every morning, as well as 0.1% retinol serum every night. There was an improvement after six weeks. Astaxanthin and retinol 0.1% can be used as photoaging therapy. Adequate use of photoprotection is also necessary to prevent the worsening of photoaging.
Epidermoid Cyst of Sole
Authors: Kurniasih Wuriandaru , Widiatmoko Arif
Published: April 2022

An epidermoid cyst is benign cystic tumor coated with squamous epithelium and contains keratin. It generally appear on the body parts which have pilosebaceous follicles, such as head, neck, and body. The manifestation of the disease is a skin-colored, mobile, painless nodule with a punctum in the center. Epidermoid cyst of sole is often similar to clavus, callus, and verruca plantaris. However, epidermoid cyst of sole is rare because the area is without pilosebaceous follicles. The etiopathology is believed due to trauma that causes implantation of epidermal cells into the dermis layer, thus triggering the formation of epidermoid cysts. This case report a girl with an epidermoid cyst of sole that was initially thought as a verruca plantaris and clavus. A 14-year-old girl complained about a bump on her right foot that got bigger during nine months. The lesions surface was slippery, and the patient felt pain when walking. The patient denied any trauma or changing footwear with friends or relatives. Examination in the right lateral plantar pedis region, a nodule was found skin-colored, round, measuring 2x2 cm, and solitary. The patient was planned to undergo excochleation, but since a white cystic mass was found during the operation, it was continued with extirpation surgery. The histopathological examination results showed a stroma with keratin, which was concluded as an epidermoid cyst. In the case of epidermoid cysts with atypical clinical symptoms and unusual lesion locations, histopathological examination is required for a definite diagnosis.
Correlation between Nurse Practice and Pre-hospital Ambulance Service Satisfaction in Bali
Authors: Sanjana I Wayan Edi , Wihastuti Titin Andri , Muslihah Nurul
Published: April 2022

The pre-hospital emergency service was the first guard of nursing and treatment delivery. The pre-hospital ambulance service could be used to offer first aid to the patient or victim who experienced trauma or non-trauma with unpredictable condition. The improvement of service quality on emergency sector was required to assure that the health service was given and performed well. This research was aimed to analyze the correlation between nurse practice and pre-hospital ambulance service satisfaction in Bali. The correlative analytic research method and cross sectional approach were exerted to accomplish this research. The total sample was 271 respondents which were consisted of 144 patients and 127 nurses. The result of Spearman-rank referred p value 0.024; r 0.189 which it was indicated a significant relation between nurse practice and pre-hospital ambulance service satisfaction in Bali. The nurse practice was instituted through educational degree and training experience. The improvement of nurse practice value was in line with the pre-hospital ambulance service satisfaction value in Bali.
Effect of Brick kilns emissions on land, water, agriculture production, socio-economic and livelihood status: A Review
Authors: Saxena Kulbhushan , Jeet Pawan , Singh A. K. , Sundaram P. K. , Upadhyaya A. , Patel S. K. , Sarkar Bikash
Published: April 2022

Rapid growth in population leads to urbanization resulting in considerable land use, land covers changes, and creates a sequence of environmental and food security problems. Due to speedy urbanization the agricultural lands has been converted into no-agricultural activity such as brick production. Brick kilns required larger areas for brick production and it removes agriculturally productive topsoil rich in clay, soil organic matter content and others important soil nutrient that is viable for agricultural growth. In addition to the removal of fertile top soil, brick kilns making process also emits harmful gases into the atmosphere. This harmful gaseous emission from brick kilns impacts the available natural resources and livelihood nearby it. Its emission results in decreased land and plant productivity, lowered ground water levels, and particularly leads to air pollution. It was found that neighbouring areas of brick kilns has low organic matter content and soil nutrients, and high soil electrical conductivity and low pH. It also changes the chemical and biological characteristics of soil and water. A change in physical, chemical and biological parameters of soil and water leads to reduce cultivated areas, and finally reduces agricultural production and productivity. It also directly impacts the food production system and could threaten the livelihood of present and future generations by degrading agricultural soil and consequently also eroding the economic basis of farmers.
Effect of Post Shooting Spray and Covering Material on Banana Bunch on its Yield Attributes and yield
Authors: KACHA HITESH LAXMIDAS , PARADVA DR , PATEL MJ
Published: April 2022

The experiment was carried out during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 at the Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, B. A. College of Agriculture, AAU, Anand to study the “Effect of post shooting spray and covering material on bunch for yield, yield attributes of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) cv. Grand Naine”. The experiment comprises of involving six levels of post shooting sprays namely; control, humic acid 2 %, 2, 4-D 30 mg/l, gibberellic acid (GA3) 100 mg/l, CPPU 4 mg/l and sulphate of potash (SOP) 2 % with two levels of bunch covering material viz., non- woven material bag and blue colour polyethylene sleeve (6 % perforated) bag covering. Experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) with three repetitions. Post shooting sprays were given twice i.e. 1st spray after complete opening of inflorescence and 2nd spray after 30 days of first spray with covering the bunch immediately after second spray. The results of present investigation banana bunches sprayed GA3 100 mg/l with non-woven material bag covering was recorded significantly maximum bunch length, length of finger, girth of finger, weight of bunch and fruit yield.
Effect of nutripriming treatments on growth parameters of riceseedlings in nursery tray
Authors: Ancy U A , Latha A , Stanly N M
Published: April 2022

An experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Mannuthy, Kerala to evaluate the effect of nutripriming on tray nursery technique in rice. Nutripriming treatments viz. priming with 0.1% urea, 0.01% borax, 0.05% ZnSO4, combinations of urea with borax and ZnSO4, combination of urea, borax and ZnSO4, 1% Pseudomonas fluorescens and 1% PGPR mix I were applied to seeds grown in seedling trays filled with growing media containing 60% rice husk 154 charcoal + 20% soil + 20% coir pith compost. Combined application of urea, zinc and borax was superior with respect to growth parameters of seedling and mat characteristics. Higher Ca, Mg, S and B uptake was also observed in this treatment. Hence, nutripriming with 0.1% Urea + 0.05% ZnSO4 + 0.01% Borax was found to be a better practice for quality tray nursery production in rice.
मृदाविहीन खेती में सिंचाई निर्धारण एवं पोषक तत्त्व प्रबंधन
Authors: कुमारी आरती , उपाध्याय आशुतोष , कोले तन्मय कुमार , . पवनजीत
Published: April 2022

भारत में, बढ़ती जनसंख्या के साथ, मिट्टी और जल संसाधनों की प्रति व्यक्ति उपलब्धता दिन-ब-दिन कम होती जा रही है और देश में फसल उत्पादन के लिए उनकी बढ़ती कमी इसके कुशल उपयोग के महत्व पर प्रकाश डालती है। सिंचाई और फर्टिगेशन रणनीतियाँ मिटटी और बागवानी फसल प्रकार के प्रति बहुत संवेदनशील होती है और इसलिए उपयुक्त सिंचाई एवं पोषक तत्त्व प्रबंधन अतिआवश्यक है। इस लेख के माध्यम से मृदाविहीन खेती में सिंचाई निर्धारण एवं पोषकतत्व प्रबंधन पर विस्तृत प्रस्तुतीकरण कर किसानो को इस तकनीक को अपनाने एवं सफल क्रियान्वयन के लिए जागरूक करने का प्रयास किया गया है।
भारत की विभिन्न प्रमुख चारा उत्पादन प्रणालियों का जल उत्पादकता मूल्यांकन
Authors: देबनाथ मृदुस्मिता , अहमद अकरम
Published: April 2022

भारत में शहरीकरण और आर्थिक विकास ने भोजन की आदत (शाकाहारी से मांसाहारी) को बदल दिया है। पशुओं के चारे उत्पादन के लिए अधिक मात्रा में पानी की आवश्यकता होती है। देश के घटते जल संसाधनों ने सिंचाई के पानी को मापने के लिए सिंचाई जल मीटर के कार्यान्वयन को और अधिक लोकप्रिय बना दिया है। भारत में मुख्य रूप से उगाए जाने वाले चारे में शामिल हैं: मक्का, जई, कोइक्स, एनबी हाइब्रिड, गिनी घास, लेग्युमिनस बरसीम, लोबिया आदि । चारे वाली फसलों की जल उत्पादकता 3 से 32 किलो/ घनमीटर तक भिन्न है। फ़ीड और चारा वर्गों में एक फ़ीड के भीतर जल उत्पादकता अत्यधिक परिवर्तनशील है और इसलिए क्षेत्र में उपलब्ध पानी के अनुसार फ़ीडिंग की सिफारिशें की जानी चाहिए।
Strategies for Up-scaling Agricultural Prosperity in North East Region
Authors: सिन्हा पंकज कुमार , प्रकाश कृष्ण , केरकेट्टा शिल्पी , गुप्ता दीपक कुमार
Published: April 2022

देश में कृषि क्षेत्र में पूरे क्षेत्र और इसके संबद्ध क्षेत्रों में असमान उत्पादन और उत्पादकता जो की भारत के पूर्वी क्षेत्र विशेषकर उत्तर पूर्व क्षेत्र में और अधिक गहरा होता जा रहा है। कृषि विकास रणनीतियों को भारतीय कृषि अनुसंधान परिषद (आईसीएआर), कृषि विज्ञान केंद्र (केवीके), राज्यों के सम्बंधित कृषि विभागों, वित्त पोषण संगठनों, निजी क्षेत्र के संगठनों और जमीनी संगठनों जैसे संस्थानों की मदद से अनुसंधान, विस्तार और शिक्षा को एकीकृत करके संसाधनों, स्थितियों और लोगों की जरूरतों और प्राथमिकताओं के आधार पर विकसित करने की आवश्यकता है। पूर्वोत्तर क्षेत्र में कृषि की गहनता को उनकी अनूठी कृषि-पारिस्थितिकीय के साथ-साथ सामाजिक-आर्थिक व्यवस्था पर विचार करके और कृषि से सम्बंधित क्षेत्रों जैसे फसलों के बीच परस्पर निर्भरता और तालमेल के एकीकरण के साथ पारिस्थितिक और आर्थिक रूप से टिकाऊ कृषि विकल्पों जैसे बागवानी, पशुधन, मत्स्य पालन, वानिकी और संबंधित प्राकृतिक संसाधन की पहचान करने की आवश्यकता है।
जलवायु परिवर्तन के बदलते परिदृश्य में कार्बन संग्रहण द्वारा कृषि उत्पादकता में वृध्दि
Authors: सुभाष नटराजा , सिंह ओंकार , . ब्रम्ह्दत्त , . शिवांगी
Published: April 2022

वायुमण्डल में बढ़ती हुई कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड की सांद्रता धीरे-धीरे पृथ्वी को गर्म कर रही है जिसके कारण लगातार जलवायु परिवर्तन हो रहा है और इसका प्रत्यक्ष रूप से कृषि उत्पादन पर प्रभाव पड़ रहा है। इस लेख के माध्यम से बढ़ती हुई कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड का मिट्टी में संग्रहित करने के बारे में विस्तार से चर्चा किया गया है।
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Mobile Mental Well-being Program (Noom Mood): Single-Arm Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: McCallum Meaghan , Ho Annabell Suh , Mitchell Ellen Siobhan , May Christine N , Behr Heather , Ritschel Lorie , Mochrie Kirk , Michaelides Andreas
Published: April 2022

Background

The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and general distress has risen in recent years. Mobile mental health programs have been found to provide support to nonclinical populations and may overcome some of the barriers associated with traditional in-person treatment; however, researchers have voiced concerns that many publicly available mobile mental health programs lack evidence-based theoretical foundations, peer-reviewed research, and sufficient engagement from the public.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of Noom Mood, a commercial mobile cognitive behavioral therapy– and mindfulness-based program.

Methods

In this single-arm prospective cohort study, individuals who joined Noom Mood between August and October 2021 completed surveys at baseline and 4-week follow-up. Per-protocol analyses included those who completed both surveys (n=113), and intention-to-treat analyses included all participants (N=185).

Results

A majority of the sample reported that the program is easy to use, they felt confident recommending the program to a friend, and they perceived the program to be effective at improving stress and anxiety. There were significant improvements in anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, depressive feelings, emotion regulation, and optimism in both the per-protocol and intention-to-treat analyses (all P<.001). Participants reported benefiting most from learning skills (eg, breathing and cognitive reframing techniques), interacting with the program features, and gaining awareness of their emotions and thought patterns. Participants also made a number of suggestions to improve product functionality and usability.

Conclusions

Results suggest that Noom Mood is feasible and acceptable to participants, with promising preliminary outcomes. Future studies should build on these results to evaluate the effects of Noom Mood using more rigorous designs.
Home Delivery of Water for Caries Prevention in Latinx Children (“Sediento por una Sonrisa,” Thirsty for a Smile): Protocol for a Single-Arm Feasibility Study
Authors: Cunha-Cruz Joana , Ko Linda K , Mancl Lloyd , Rothen Marilynn L , Harter Catherine , Davis Stephen , Koday Mark
Published: April 2022

Background

Dental caries has significant public health implications afflicting young children. In addition to low social economic status, the most prominent risk factor for early childhood caries is sugar in the diet, particularly sugar-sweetened beverages. Dental treatment for caries in young children is commonly performed under general anesthesia and a significant proportion of children require repeated treatment. Interventions to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage consumption could lead to reduced rates of retreatment for dental caries in young children.

Objective

This protocol describes the rationale, design, and methods of the “Thirsty for a Smile” feasibility study. The aim of the study is to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of a dietary intervention promoting water consumption in lieu of sugar-sweetened beverages among young patients, mostly from Latino heritage.

Methods

This protocol describes a single-arm feasibility study. Twenty-one dyads of children and their caregivers will be recruited. Children between 2 and 9 years old who recently had treatment under general anesthesia for early childhood dental caries will be eligible to participate. The intervention has two components: (1) environmental, in which bottled water is delivered to participants’ homes; and (2) behavioral, in which caregivers will receive patient-centered counseling to increase children’s water intake and reduce sugar-sweetened beverages consumption. Dental caries and anthropometric data will be collected at examination during baseline and final visits. The primary outcome is feasibility and secondary outcomes are acceptability and appropriateness of the intervention.

Results

Funding has been obtained from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research and the University of Washington approved the study. The feasibility study was conducted from March to November 2019.

Conclusions

This feasibility study will test the study processes prior to a two-arm randomized controlled trial to determine feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and study procedures. This study may provide useful information for other researchers attempting to test similar interventions.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR1-10.2196/37200
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes of a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Based Mobile Mental Well-being Program (Noom Mood): Single-Arm Prospective Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: McCallum Meaghan , Ho Annabell Suh , Mitchell Ellen Siobhan , May Christine N , Behr Heather , Ritschel Lorie , Mochrie Kirk , Michaelides Andreas
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and general distress has risen in recent years. Mobile mental health programs have been found to provide support to nonclinical populations and may overcome some of the barriers associated with traditional in-person treatment; however, researchers have voiced concerns that many publicly available mobile mental health programs lack evidence-based theoretical foundations, peer-reviewed research, and sufficient engagement from the public.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of Noom Mood, a commercial mobile cognitive behavioral therapy– and mindfulness-based program.

METHODS

In this single-arm prospective cohort study, individuals who joined Noom Mood between August and October 2021 completed surveys at baseline and 4-week follow-up. Per-protocol analyses included those who completed both surveys (n=113), and intention-to-treat analyses included all participants (N=185).

RESULTS

A majority of the sample reported that the program is easy to use, they felt confident recommending the program to a friend, and they perceived the program to be effective at improving stress and anxiety. There were significant improvements in anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, depressive feelings, emotion regulation, and optimism in both the per-protocol and intention-to-treat analyses (all P<.001). Participants reported benefiting most from learning skills (eg, breathing and cognitive reframing techniques), interacting with the program features, and gaining awareness of their emotions and thought patterns. Participants also made a number of suggestions to improve product functionality and usability.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that Noom Mood is feasible and acceptable to participants, with promising preliminary outcomes. Future studies should build on these results to evaluate the effects of Noom Mood using more rigorous designs.
Predictive risk of death models for patients with femoral neck fracture in intensive care units:machine learning (Preprint)
Authors: Ai Zisheng , Xu Lingxiao , Liu Jun , Han Chunxia
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Femoral neck fracture (FNF) accounts for approximately 3.58% of all fractures in the entire body, exhibiting an increasing trend each year. According to a survey, in 1990, the total number of hip fractures in men and women worldwide was approximately 338000 and 917000, respectively. In China, FNFs account for 48.22% of hip fractures.Currently, a large number of studies have been conducted on postdischarge mortality and mortality risk in patients with FNF. However, there have been no definitive studies on in-hospital mortality or its influencing factors in such patients with severe FNF admitted to the ICU.

OBJECTIVE

Three machine learning methods were used to construct a nosocomial death prediction model for patients admitted to intensive care units to assist clinicians in early clinical decision-making.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted using femoral neck fracture patient information from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) III. After balancing the dataset using the SMOTE algorithm, patients were randomly separated into a 70% training set and a 30% testing set for the development and validation, respectively, of the prediction model. Random forest, XGBoost, and BP neural network prediction models were constructed with nosocomial death as the outcome. Model performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The predictive value of the models was verified in comparison to the traditional logistic model.

RESULTS

A total of 366 patients with femoral neck fractures were selected, including 48 cases of in-hospital death. Data from 636 patients were obtained by balancing the dataset with the in-hospital death group: survival group as 1:1. The three machine learning models exhibited high predictive accuracy, and the AUC of the random forest, XGBoost, and BP neural networks were 0.98, 0.97, and 0.95, respectively, all with higher predictive performance than the traditional logistic regression model. Ranking the importance of the feature variables, the top ten feature variables that were meaningful for predicting the risk of in-hospital death of patients were vitamin D, lactate, creatinine, the Simplified Acute Physiology Score（SAPS） II, calcium, loss in ICU, white blood cell, age, BMI and CK.

CONCLUSIONS

Death risk assessment models constructed using machine learning have positive significance for predicting the in-hospital mortality of severe patients and provide a valid basis for reducing in-hospital mortality and improving patient prognosis.