bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Update on the Sociomicrobiology of Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Biofilm Development
Authors: Passos da Silva Daniel , Schofield Melissa , Parsek Matthew , Tseng Boo
Published: October 2017

Bacteria are social creatures that are able to interact and coordinate behaviors with each other in a multitude of ways. The study of such group behaviors in microbes was coined “sociomicrobiology” in 2005. Two such group behaviors in bacteria are quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm formation. At a very basic level, QS is the ability to sense bacterial density via cell-to-cell signaling using self-produced signals called autoinducers, and biofilms are aggregates of cells that are attached to one another via a self-produced, extracellular matrix. Since cells in biofilm aggregates are in close proximity, biofilms represent an ecologically relevant environment for QS. While QS is known to affect biofilm formation in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive species, in this review, we will focus exclusively on Gram-negative bacteria, with an emphasis on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We will begin by describing QS systems in P. aeruginosa and how they affect P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. We then expand our review to other Gram-negative bacteria and conclude with interesting questions with regard to the effect of biofilms on QS.
Fabrication of Ordered SnO2 Nanostructures with Enhanced Humidity Sensing Performance
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Juyan , Ding Chao , Bai Gang , Xu Jie , Ren Qingying , Li Jinze
Published: October 2017

Ordered SnO2 nanostructures were prepared as humidity sensors by nanosphere lithography with the magnetron sputtering technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns of SnO2 nanostructures show that all intense diffraction peaks correspond to the crystallographic planes of SnO2. The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) mage shows that these SnO2 nanostructures exhibited a classic honeycomb structure. The resistance of this sensor was measured to show that the resistance of the sensor decreases with an increase from lower relative humidity (RH) to higher RH. Additionally, the longest response/recovery time was 32 s/42 s for 11–96% RH. The hysteresis for the SnO2 nanostructure sensor was <5%.
Magnetic Field Sensing Based on Bi-Tapered Optical Fibers Using Spectral Phase Analysis
Authors: Herrera-Piad Luis , Haus Joseph , Jauregui-Vazquez Daniel , Sierra-Hernandez Juan , Estudillo-Ayala Julian , Lopez-Dieguez Yanelis , Rojas-Laguna Roberto
Published: October 2017

A compact, magnetic field sensor system based on a short, bi-tapered optical fiber (BTOF) span lying on a magnetic tape was designed, fabricated, and characterized. We monitored the transmission spectrum from a broadband light source, which displayed a strong interference signal. After data collection, we applied a phase analysis of the interference optical spectrum. We here report the results on two fabricated, BTOFs with different interference spectrum characteristics; we analyzed the signal based on the interference between a high-order modal component and the core fiber mode. The sensor exhibited a linear response for magnetic field increments, and we achieved a phase sensitivity of around 0.28 rad/mT. The sensing setup presented remote sensing operation and low-cost transducer magnetic material.
Real-Time Monitoring of Water Content in Sandy Soil Using Shear Mode Piezoceramic Transducers and Active Sensing—A Feasibility Study
Authors: Kong Qingzhao , Chen Hongli , Mo Yi-lung , Song Gangbing
Published: October 2017

A quantitative understanding of soil water content or soil water status is of great importance to many applications, such as landslide monitoring, rockfill dam health monitoring, precision agriculture, etc. In this paper, a feasibility study was conducted to monitor the soil water content in real time using permanent embedded piezoceramic-based transducers called smart aggregates (SAs). An active sensing approach using a customized swept acoustic wave with a frequency range between 100 Hz and 300 kHz was used to study the wave attenuation in the soil in correlation to soil moisture levels. Two sandy soil specimens, each embedded with a pair of SAs, were made in the laboratory, and the water percentage of the soil specimens was incrementally decreased from 15% to 3% during the tests. Due to the change of the soil water status, the damping property of the soil correspondingly changes. The change of the damping property results in the variation of the acoustic wave attenuation ratios. A wavelet packet-based energy index was adopted to compute the energy of the signal captured by the SA sensor. Experimental results show a parabolic growth curve of the received signal energy vs. the water percentage of the soil. The feasibility, sensitivity, and reliability of the proposed method for in-situ monitoring of soil water status were discussed.
Estimation of the Driving Style Based on the Users’ Activity and Environment Influence
Authors: Sysoev Mikhail , Kos Andrej , Guna Jože , Pogačnik Matevž
Published: October 2017

New models and methods have been designed to predict the influence of the user’s environment and activity information to the driving style in standard automotive environments. For these purposes, an experiment was conducted providing two types of analysis: (i) the evaluation of a self-assessment of the driving style; (ii) the prediction of aggressive driving style based on drivers’ activity and environment parameters. Sixty seven h of driving data from 10 drivers were collected for analysis in this study. The new parameters used in the experiment are the car door opening and closing manner, which were applied to improve the prediction accuracy. An Android application called Sensoric was developed to collect low-level smartphone data about the users’ activity. The driving style was predicted from the user’s environment and activity data collected before driving. The prediction was tested against the actual driving style, calculated from objective driving data. The prediction has shown encouraging results, with precision values ranging from 0.727 up to 0.909 for aggressive driving recognition rate. The obtained results lend support to the hypothesis that user’s environment and activity data could be used for the prediction of the aggressive driving style in advance, before the driving starts.
Command Disaggregation Attack and Mitigation in Industrial Internet of Things
Authors: Xun Peng , Zhu Pei-Dong , Hu Yi-Fan , Cui Peng-Shuai , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2017

A cyber-physical attack in the industrial Internet of Things can cause severe damage to physical system. In this paper, we focus on the command disaggregation attack, wherein attackers modify disaggregated commands by intruding command aggregators like programmable logic controllers, and then maliciously manipulate the physical process. It is necessary to investigate these attacks, analyze their impact on the physical process, and seek effective detection mechanisms. We depict two different types of command disaggregation attack modes: (1) the command sequence is disordered and (2) disaggregated sub-commands are allocated to wrong actuators. We describe three attack models to implement these modes with going undetected by existing detection methods. A novel and effective framework is provided to detect command disaggregation attacks. The framework utilizes the correlations among two-tier command sequences, including commands from the output of central controller and sub-commands from the input of actuators, to detect attacks before disruptions occur. We have designed components of the framework and explain how to mine and use these correlations to detect attacks. We present two case studies to validate different levels of impact from various attack models and the effectiveness of the detection framework. Finally, we discuss how to enhance the detection framework.
Adaptive Microwave Staring Correlated Imaging for Targets Appearing in Discrete Clusters
Authors: Tian Chao , Jiang Zheng , Chen Weidong , Wang Dongjin
Published: October 2017

Microwave staring correlated imaging (MSCI) can achieve ultra-high resolution in real aperture staring radar imaging using the correlated imaging process (CIP) under all-weather and all-day circumstances. The CIP must combine the received echo signal with the temporal-spatial stochastic radiation field. However, a precondition of the CIP is that the continuous imaging region must be discretized to a fine grid, and the measurement matrix should be accurately computed, which makes the imaging process highly complex when the MSCI system observes a wide area. This paper proposes an adaptive imaging approach for the targets in discrete clusters to reduce the complexity of the CIP. The approach is divided into two main stages. First, as discrete clustered targets are distributed in different range strips in the imaging region, the transmitters of the MSCI emit narrow-pulse waveforms to separate the echoes of the targets in different strips in the time domain; using spectral entropy, a modified method robust against noise is put forward to detect the echoes of the discrete clustered targets, based on which the strips with targets can be adaptively located. Second, in a strip with targets, the matched filter reconstruction algorithm is used to locate the regions with targets, and only the regions of interest are discretized to a fine grid; sparse recovery is used, and the band exclusion is used to maintain the non-correlation of the dictionary. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed approach can accurately and adaptively locate the regions with targets and obtain high-quality reconstructed images.
An Improved Method of Pose Estimation for Lighthouse Base Station Extension
Authors: Yang Yi , Weng Dongdong , Li Dong , Xun Hang
Published: October 2017

In 2015, HTC and Valve launched a virtual reality headset empowered with Lighthouse, the cutting-edge space positioning technology. Although Lighthouse is superior in terms of accuracy, latency and refresh rate, its algorithms do not support base station expansion, and is flawed concerning occlusion in moving targets, that is, it is unable to calculate their poses with a small set of sensors, resulting in the loss of optical tracking data. In view of these problems, this paper proposes an improved pose estimation algorithm for cases where occlusion is involved. Our algorithm calculates the pose of a given object with a unified dataset comprising of inputs from sensors recognized by all base stations, as long as three or more sensors detect a signal in total, no matter from which base station. To verify our algorithm, HTC official base stations and autonomous developed receivers are used for prototyping. The experiment result shows that our pose calculation algorithm can achieve precise positioning when a few sensors detect the signal.
Low-Cost Interrogation Technique for Dynamic Measurements with FBG-Based Devices
Authors: Díaz Camilo , Leitão Cátia , Marques Carlos , Domingues M. , Alberto Nélia , Pontes Maria , Frizera Anselmo , Ribeiro Moisés , André Paulo , Antunes Paulo
Published: October 2017

Fiber Bragg gratings are widely used optical fiber sensors for measuring temperature and/or mechanical strain. Nevertheless, the high cost of the interrogation systems is the most important drawback for their large commercial application. In this work, an in-line Fabry–Perot interferometer based edge filter is explored in the interrogation of fiber Bragg grating dynamic measurements up to 5 kHz. Two devices an accelerometer and an arterial pulse wave probe were interrogated with the developed approach and the results were compared with a commercial interrogation monitor. The data obtained with the edge filter are in agreement with the commercial device, with a maximum RMSE of 0.05 being able to meet the requirements of the measurements. Resolutions of 3.6 pm and 2.4 pm were obtained, using the optical accelerometer and the arterial pulse wave probe, respectively.
Screening and Biosensor-Based Approaches for Lung Cancer Detection
Authors: Wang Lulu
Published: October 2017

Early diagnosis of lung cancer helps to reduce the cancer death rate significantly. Over the years, investigators worldwide have extensively investigated many screening modalities for lung cancer detection, including computerized tomography, chest X-ray, positron emission tomography, sputum cytology, magnetic resonance imaging and biopsy. However, these techniques are not suitable for patients with other pathologies. Developing a rapid and sensitive technique for early diagnosis of lung cancer is urgently needed. Biosensor-based techniques have been recently recommended as a rapid and cost-effective tool for early diagnosis of lung tumor markers. This paper reviews the recent development in screening and biosensor-based techniques for early lung cancer detection.
Laser-Interferometric Broadband Seismometer for Epicenter Location Estimation
Authors: Lee Kyunghyun , Kwon Hyungkwan , You Kwanho
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we suggest a seismic signal measurement system that uses a laser interferometer. The heterodyne laser interferometer is used as a seismometer due to its high accuracy and robustness. Seismic data measured by the laser interferometer is used to analyze crucial earthquake characteristics. To measure P-S time more precisely, the short time Fourier transform and instantaneous frequency estimation methods are applied to the intensity signal ( I y ) of the laser interferometer. To estimate the epicenter location, the range difference of arrival algorithm is applied with the P-S time result. The linear matrix equation of the epicenter localization can be derived using P-S time data obtained from more than three observatories. We prove the performance of the proposed algorithm through simulation and experimental results.
Effect of MgO Underlying Layer on the Growth of GaOx Tunnel Barrier in Epitaxial Fe/GaOx/(MgO)/Fe Magnetic Tunnel Junction Structure
Authors: Narayananellore Sai Krishna , Doko Naoki , Matsuo Norihiro , Saito Hidekazu , Yuasa Shinji
Published: October 2017

We investigated the effect of a thin MgO underlying layer (~3 monoatomic layers) on the growth of GaOx tunnel barrier in Fe/GaOx/(MgO)/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junctions. To obtain a single-crystalline barrier, an in situ annealing was conducted with the temperature being raised up to 500 °C under an O2 atmosphere. This annealing was performed after the deposition of the GaOx on the Fe(001) bottom electrode with or without the MgO(001) underlying layer. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction patterns after the annealing indicated the formation of a single-crystalline layer regardless of with or without the MgO layer. Ex situ structural studies such as transmission electron microscopy revealed that the GaOx grown on the MgO underlying layer has a cubic MgAl2O4-type spinel structure with a (001) orientation. When without MgO layer, however, a Ga-Fe-O ternary compound having the same crystal structure and orientation as the crystalline GaOx was observed. The results indicate that the MgO underlying layer effectively prevents the Fe bottom electrode from oxidation during the annealing process. Tunneling magneto-resistance effect was observed only for the sample with the MgO underlying layer, suggesting that Ga-Fe-O layer is not an effective tunnel-barrier.
A Search-and-Rescue Robot System for Remotely Sensing the Underground Coal Mine Environment
Authors: Zhao Jingchao , Gao Junyao , Zhao Fangzhou , Liu Yi
Published: October 2017

This paper introduces a search-and-rescue robot system used for remote sensing of the underground coal mine environment, which is composed of an operating control unit and two mobile robots with explosion-proof and waterproof function. This robot system is designed to observe and collect information of the coal mine environment through remote control. Thus, this system can be regarded as a multifunction sensor, which realizes remote sensing. When the robot system detects danger, it will send out signals to warn rescuers to keep away. The robot consists of two gas sensors, two cameras, a two-way audio, a 1 km-long fiber-optic cable for communication and a mechanical explosion-proof manipulator. Especially, the manipulator is a novel explosion-proof manipulator for cleaning obstacles, which has 3-degree-of-freedom, but is driven by two motors. Furthermore, the two robots can communicate in series for 2 km with the operating control unit. The development of the robot system may provide a reference for developing future search-and-rescue systems.
Feed-in Tariff Pricing and Social Burden in Japan: Evaluating International Learning through a Policy Transfer Approach
Authors: Tanaka Yugo , Chapman Andrew , Sakurai Shigeki , Tezuka Tetsuo
Published: October 2017

Feed-in tariff (FiT) policy approaches for renewable energy (RE) deployment are employed in many nations around the world. Although FiTs are considered effective in boosting RE deployment, the issue of increasing energy bills and social burden is an often-reported negative impact of their use. The FiT has been employed in Japan since 2012, following after many developed countries, and, as was experienced in other nations, led to a social burden imparted on society significantly higher than initial government estimates. Although policy decision making does not necessarily reflect international policy experience, it is still prudent to ask how international policy experiences of social burden increase were considered within the Japanese approach. In this research, we analyzed the transfer process by adapting a conventional model to develop more objective observations than was previously possible, by setting a benchmark for evaluation based on prior international experiences. We identified two streams of policy transfer, each led by different actors; the government and representatives of the National Diet of Japan (Diet). Both actors were exposed to the same experiences, however the interpretation, application to policy development and priority settings employed were vastly different. Although the framework can only assess policy learning processes, we have found that the government undertook a reasonable and rational process toward learning, while, on the other hand, the modified bill developed by the Diet members did not thoroughly derive learnings in the same way, due to cognitive and political reasons, and specifically, the issue of limiting social burden was not addressed.
Exploring the Trends in Nitrogen Input and Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Agricultural Sustainability
Authors: Yuan Shen , Peng Shaobing
Published: October 2017

Crop production is threatened by the increased nitrogen (N) input and declining N use efficiency (NUE). Information on total N input from planted seeds/tubers, atmospheric deposition, irrigation water, crop residues, animal manure, biological N fixation, and synthetic N fertilizer and NUE based on these N inputs in China’s crop production is limited. We calculated the amount of various N inputs and NUE based on 117 primary crops from 1961 to 2012 in China. The total N input increased from 8.0 Mt in 1961 to 60.8 Mt in 2012. The substantial shift in the types of N input was observed from animal manure and biological N fixation toward synthetic N fertilizer. Animal manure plus biological N fixation and synthetic N fertilizer accounted for 70.9% and 6.8% of total N input in 1961, respectively, and these values were changed to 15.7% and 74.0% in 2012. Partial factor productivity of applied synthetic N and crop’s recovery efficiency of total N input declined substantially during the study period. These results suggest that it is essential to reduce synthetic N input and increase NUE with improved crop management practices and N-efficient crop varieties to achieve the sustainability of crop production in China.
A Systemic Tool and Process for Sustainability Assessment
Authors: Villeneuve Claude , Tremblay David , Riffon Olivier , Lanmafankpotin Georges , Bouchard Sylvie
Published: October 2017

Sustainability assessment is a growing concern worldwide with United Nations’ Agenda 2030 being implemented. As sustainability refers to the consideration of environmental, social and economic issues in light of cultural, historic—retrospective and prospective—and institutional perspectives, appropriate tools are needed to ensure the complete coverage of these aspects and allow the participation of multiple stakeholders. This article presents a scientifically robust and flexible tool, developed over the last 25 years and tested in different cultural and development contexts to build a framework for sustainability assessment of policies, strategies, programs and projects in light of Agenda 2030. A selected case study conducted on a major mining project in Québec (Canada) illustrates the Sustainable Development Analytical Grid performance for sustainability assessment. This tool and process is part of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals Acceleration Toolkit; it is one of the most adaptable, addresses all 17 SDGs and is fully accessible for free. Other advantages and limitations of the tool and process are discussed.
The Emissions of Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Nitrous Oxide during Winter without Cultivation in Local Saline-Alkali Rice and Maize Fields in Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Hao , Tang Jie , Liang Shuang , Li Zhaoyang , Yang Ping , Wang Jingjing , Wang Sining
Published: October 2017

Agricultural ecosystems are important contributors to atmospheric greenhouse gasses (GHGs); however, in situ winter emission data in saline-alkali fields are scarce. Gas samples were collected during different periods, from three rice (R1–R3) and three maize (M1–M3) fields with different soil pH levels and salinity conditions. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the rice and maize fields decreased with decreasing temperature during the freezing period and increased with the rising temperature during the thawing period, with the majority of winter CO2 emissions occurring during these two periods. Peaks in methane (CH4) emissions were observed during the freezing period in the rice fields and during the snow-melting period in the rice and maize fields. CH4 emissions in the rice fields and CH4 uptake rates in the maize fields were significantly (P < 0.05) related to surface soil temperature. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions remained relatively low, except for during the peaks observed during the snow-melting period in both the rice and maize fields, leading to the high GHG contribution of the snow-melting period throughout the winter. Higher pH and salinity conditions consistently resulted in lower CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions, CH4 uptake, and lower global warming potential (GWP). These results can contribute to the assessment of the GWP during winter in saline-alkali regions.
Lattice-Based Revocable Certificateless Signature
Authors: Hung Ying-Hao , Tseng Yuh-Min , Huang Sen-Shan
Published: October 2017

Certificateless signatures (CLS) are noticeable because they may resolve the key escrow problem in ID-based signatures and break away the management problem regarding certificate in conventional signatures. However, the security of the mostly previous CLS schemes relies on the difficulty of solving discrete logarithm or large integer factorization problems. These two problems would be solved by quantum computers in the future so that the signature schemes based on them will also become insecure. For post-quantum cryptography, lattice-based cryptography is significant due to its efficiency and security. However, no study on addressing the revocation problem in the existing lattice-based CLS schemes is presented. In this paper, we focus on the revocation issue and present the first revocable CLS (RCLS) scheme over lattices. Based on the short integer solution (SIS) assumption over lattices, the proposed lattice-based RCLS scheme is shown to be existential unforgeability against adaptive chosen message attacks. By performance analysis and comparisons, the proposed lattice-based RCLS scheme is better than the previously proposed lattice-based CLS scheme, in terms of private key size, signature length and the revocation mechanism.
The Complementary Perspective of System of Systems in Collaboration, Integration, and Logistics: A Value-Chain Based Paradigm of Supply Chain Management
Authors: Jaradat Raed , Adams Frank , Abutabenjeh Sawsan , Keating Charles
Published: October 2017

The importance and complexity of the problems associated with coordinating multiple organizations to configure value propositions for customers has drawn the attention of multiple disciplines. In an effort to clarify and consolidate terms, this conceptual research examines both supply chain management (SCM) and system of systems (SoS) literature to postulate, from a value-chain perspective, what roles integration and collaboration play in helping supply chains satisfy customer requirements. A literature review analysis was used to identify the commonalities and differences between supply chain management and system of systems approaches to examining interfirm coordination of value creation efforts. Although a framework of integration and collaboration roles in value creation is proposed, further empirical testing of the concept is required to substantiate initial conclusions. The concepts proposed may help clarify where strategic and operational managers need to focus their efforts in coordinating supply chain member firms. The incorporation of SoS engineering into the supply chain field will draw the linkage between the constituent principles, and concepts of Systems Theory as appropriate for the supply chain management field. This is the first effort to reconcile two separate but parallel scholarship streams examining the coordination of multiple organizations in value creation. This research shows that there are some methodologies, principles, and methods from the SoS field that can supplement supply chain management research. Mainly due to a unit of analysis issue, systems based approaches have not been in the mainstream of supply chain management field development.
Elucidating the Role of Host Long Non-Coding RNA during Viral Infection: Challenges and Paths Forward
Authors: Lemler David J. , Brochu Hayden N. , Yang Fang , Harrell Erin A. , Peng Xinxia
Published: October 2017

Research over the past decade has clearly shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are functional. Many lncRNAs can be related to immunity and the host response to viral infection, but their specific functions remain largely elusive. The vast majority of lncRNAs are annotated with extremely limited knowledge and tend to be expressed at low levels, making ad hoc experimentation difficult. Changes to lncRNA expression during infection can be systematically profiled using deep sequencing; however, this often produces an intractable number of candidate lncRNAs, leaving no clear path forward. For these reasons, it is especially important to prioritize lncRNAs into high-confidence “hits” by utilizing multiple methodologies. Large scale perturbation studies may be used to screen lncRNAs involved in phenotypes of interest, such as resistance to viral infection. Single cell transcriptome sequencing quantifies cell-type specific lncRNAs that are less abundant in a mixture. When coupled with iterative experimental validations, new computational strategies for efficiently integrating orthogonal high-throughput data will likely be the driver for elucidating the functional role of lncRNAs during viral infection. This review highlights new high-throughput technologies and discusses the potential for integrative computational analysis to streamline the identification of infection-related lncRNAs and unveil novel targets for antiviral therapeutics.
Comprehensive investigation of the electronic excitation of W(CO)6by photoabsorption and theoretical analysis in the energy region from 3.9 to 10.8 eV
Authors: Mendes Mónica , Regeta Khrystyna , Ferreira da Silva Filipe , Jones Nykola C , Hoffmann Søren Vrønning , García Gustavo , Daniel Chantal , Limão-Vieira Paulo
Published: October 2017

High-resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption measurements in the wavelength range of 115–320 nm (10.8–3.9 eV) have been performed together with comprehensive relativistic time-dependent density functional calculations (TDDFT) on the low-lying excited sates of tungsten hexacarbonyl, W(CO)6. The higher resolution obtained reveals previously unresolved spectral features of W(CO)6. The spectrum shows two higher-energy bands (in the energy ranges of 7.22–8.12 eV and 8.15–9.05 eV), one of them with clear vibrational structure, and a few lower-energy shoulders in addition to a couple of lower-energy metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) bands reported in the literature before. Absolute photoabsorption cross sections are reported and, where possible, compared to previously published results. On the basis of this combined experimental/theoretical study the absorption spectrum of the complex has been totally re-assigned between 3.9 and 10.8 eV under the light of spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effects. The present comprehensive knowledge of the nature of the electronically excited states may be of relevance to estimate neutral dissociation cross sections of W(CO)6, a precursor molecule in focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) processes, from electron scattering measurements.
L’adoption à l’épreuve du transgénérationnel
Authors: Eiguer Alberto
Published: October 2017

Le présent travail essaie d’éclairer, d’une part, l’influence de l’hérédité transgénérationnelle dans l’évolution de la famille, et de jeter, d’autre part, une lumière sur certaines dérives liées aux entraves dans l’accomplissement de l’adoption. Dans ce but, l’auteur étudie le modèle théorique et pratique de la psychanalyse familiale. Il interroge la fonction de la transmission en précisant ses domaines d’intervention. L’adoption s’accomplit grâce à l’intégration de l’enfant dans la généalogie. Par la présentation de trois vignettes de thérapie familiale psychanalytique, l’auteur révèle les difficultés de ce processus, ses écueils et les moyens de les aborder. Chemin faisant, apparaît l’intérêt d’interroger la place de chacun des parents dans ses hésitations à intégrer la généalogie de l’autre, et à se positionner par rapport à l’inscription de l’enfant dans une lignée.
Doutes, refus et créativité : aléas des transmissions à l’adolescence
Authors: Benoit Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2017

Les générations se succèdent et ne se ressemblent pas, néanmoins chaque génération souhaite transmettre différents éléments et principes à celle qui lui succède. D’une part, par l’éducation et la pédagogie, les adultes espéreraient offrir aux adolescents des connaissances, un savoir-vivre, des valeurs culturelles. Mais au-delà, la génération des adultes souhaiterait avoir également transmis aux adolescents un fonctionnement psychique qui leur apporte le bien-être. Le processus adolescent, par son désir d’autonomisation, s’oppose souvent à toute transmission qui s’inscrirait dans la filiation au profit de transmissions issues des liens d’affiliation qu’offrent les pairs ou les nouveaux modes de vie de la jeunesse.
Épigénétique et transmission : vers une quatrième dimension
Authors: Apter Gisèle
Published: October 2017

En psychopathologie, la transmission transgénérationnelle de la vulnérabilité aux troubles comme celle des troubles eux-mêmes nous fascine depuis longtemps. Si sa compréhension nous échappe toujours, elle constitue une sorte de ligne d’horizon, une illusion nécessaire qui nous ferait espérer prévenir l’émergence des troubles, ou du moins soigner les fragilités actuelles pour en protéger la génération suivante. L’épigénétique est venue ajouter une quatrième dimension à cette transmission, en complément des trois autres, génétique, comportementale et symbolique ou culturelle. Des caractères « acquis » par l’expression nouvelle de ces gènes inactifs à la génération précédente sont transmis à la génération suivante. L’environnement y joue un rôle essentiel. Les conséquences actuelles pour la psychopathologie et les modèles de compréhensions développées par ces recherches en pleine expansion ouvrent ainsi de nouvelles perspectives. Saurons-nous les explorer ?
Ce que le bébé transmet aux adultes
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: October 2017

Après avoir évoqué l’enfant que l’on a été ou que l’on pense avoir été, l’auteur resitue la problématique de la transmission trans- et intergénérationnelle au regard de la théorie de l’après-coup. Après quoi, il envisage les différentes modélisations actuellement disponibles pour rendre compte d’une dynamique de transmission ascendante, soit du bébé vers les adultes qui en prennent soin (les identifications projectives de W.R. Bion, la théorie de l’attachement et les mécanismes de l’accordage affectif).
Une transmission possible en psychanalyse ?
Authors: Lauru Didier
Published: October 2017

La formation du psychanalyste et la transmission sont au coeur des débats des psychanalystes depuis son origine. L’auteur se réfère à la relation entre Freud et Ferenczi, l’enfant terrible de la psychanalyse, comme exemple d’une transmission compliquée mais possible entre psychanalystes. Plus tard Lacan, en proposant la procédure de la passe pour interroger le passage de l’analysant à l’analyste, tente de renouveler les modalités de la transmission entre analystes et la formation du psychanalyste. L’analyste serait-il en formation continue ?
Chapitre 5. Les applications des nanotechnologies dans les domaines agricole et alimentaire
Authors: El Badawi Lamia
Published: October 2017

Dans un avis de 2012, le comité consultatif commun d’éthique à l’Inra et au Cirad s’est prononcé sur les applications avérées et potentielles des nanotechnologies dans les domaines agricole et alimentaire. Il préconise l’adoption de mesures suffisantes d’évaluation et de gestions des risques pour l’heure encore insuffisantes. Il préconise également de faire des chercheurs des interlocuteurs privilégiés non seulement des autorités publiques sanitaire et environnementale mais aussi des citoyens qui ne perçoivent pas l’intérêt pratique de ces technologies.
Chapitre 6. Cells’ safety in Europe: Towards an ethical safety
Authors: Rial-Sebbag Emmanuelle , Mahalatchimy Aurélie , Duguet Anne-Marie
Published: October 2017

Pour encourager et maximiser l’utilisation du matériel biologique humain en Europe, la Commission européenne a adopté une Directive mère en 2004 (Directive 2004/23/CE) et deux Directives techniques en 2006 (Directives 2006/17/CE et 2006/86/CE) complétées en 2015. Ce cadre encourage le don de tissus et de cellules à des fins de transplantation dans le respect de la protection de la santé publique. Un des objectifs de la Directive 2004/23/CE est de garantir un haut niveau de sécurité pour les donneurs et les receveurs en matière de transplantation. Par conséquent, ces directives visent à harmoniser les différentes mesures relatives à la sécurité interne (sécurité des cellules) et externe (relatives aux établissements de stockage, de préparation et de distribution de tissus et de cellules et aux personnels) de l’utilisation médicale des cellules humaines. Cependant, malgré l’adoption d’une législation que l’on peut estimer comme complète, le cadre juridique de l’Union Européenne pour les cellules ne peut pas être considéré comme totalement harmonisé et soulève de nombreuses questions éthiques pour lesquelles l’Union a eu à se positionner. Dans cet article, nous analyserons les dilemmes éthiques et juridiques posés par la qualification d’agent thérapeutique des cellules humaines : éléments du corps ? médicaments ? Nous étudierons les moyens mis en œuvre par l’Union Européenne pour traiter ces dilemmes bioéthiques. Nous discuterons, enfin, de l’impact de cette qualification en termes de sécurité en présentant les mesures de sécurité adoptées au niveau de l’Union ainsi que leurs limites, mesures qui ne devraient pas se borner aux seules exigences techniques posées par les directives mais devraient inclure une dimension éthique.
Chapitre 8. Le régime « spécifique » de responsabilité du fait des produits sanguins
Authors: Byk Christian
Published: October 2017

Fondé sur le régime de responsabilité des produits défectueux tel qu’organisé par la directive européenne du 25 juillet 1985, la responsabilité du fait des produits sanguins ne constitue donc pas un véritable régime spécifique. Toutefois, le droit européen laisse aux Etats une marge d’appréciation dans la mise en œuvre de la directive à l’égard des produits de santé. Tel est le cas notamment avec l’exonération pour risque de développement.
La jeunesse rurale en Amérique latine
Authors: Kessler Gabriel , Núñez Pedro , Labarthe Sunniva
Published: October 2017

La jeunesse rurale en Amérique latine a été longtemps une question presque invisible pour les sciences sociales et les politiques publiques. Cette situation a commencé à changer depuis le milieu des années quatre-vingt, mais il s’agit d’un domaine de recherche encore à ses débuts. L’article est une mise en revue de l’état actuel des recherches sur la jeunesse rurale dans la région, présentant les principales conclusions de celles-ci, ainsi que d’importantes lacunes présentes. Les sujets traités comprennent la définition de la jeunesse rurale et de l’identité, les relations familiales et le genre, les problèmes d’éducation, le travail, la participation politique et sociale, les migrations et les jeunes des peuples originaires. Bien qu’à première vue, la plupart des sujets ne diffèrent pas des thèmes habituels des études sur la jeunesse urbaine, les résultats marquent les particularités de ces jeunes vis-à-vis de leurs pairs urbains.
Lost Experience : Statuts d’Emerson dans la série Lost
Authors: Dulong Guillaume
Published: October 2017

Lost est une série polysémique qui mobilise, à cet effet, le trope de l’homonymie. Nombre de protagonistes portent le même patronyme que des personnalités historiques ce qui interroge le thème de l’utopie et de la société idéale. Or l’antagoniste principal constamment refoulé dans la série, de la saison 2 à la saison 5, Benjamin Linus, est « personnifié » par un acteur dénommé Michael Emerson, patronyme homonyme du philosophe américain Ralph Waldo Emerson dont Cavell dit qu’il est l’un des pères fondateurs refoulés de la pensée américaine. À quelle condition pouvons-nous considérer que cette homonymie réelle constitue une référence pour comprendre la narration fictive sans courir le risque de prendre nos désirs pour des réalités ? Notre thèse est que Lost encourage une telle prise de risque. Le récit est une expérience narrative, dans le sillage de l’essai éponyme d’Emerson. Il nous incite à nous faire confiance, oser affirmer que chacun d’entre nous est spécial, afin de penser une subjectivité télévisée et une intime reconnaissance, en rupture avec la posture du voyeur égocentré du téléspectateur standard.
Technological Trends for 5G Networks Influence of E-Health and IoT Applications
Authors: Brito Jose Marcos C.
Published: October 2017

The fifth generation of mobile communications networks (5G) is currently in the standardization process, which is expected to be completed in 2020. For this new generation, new applications and scenarios are imposing new performance requirements in addition to higher data rates. Specifically, the Internet of Things (IoT) and e-health applications have very important economic roles in 5G networks and define particular performance requirements that must be considered when defining the technologies for 5G networks. In this paper, the author discusses the influence of e-health and IoT applications on the technological trends for 5G networks.
Smartwatch as an Assistive Technology
Authors: Vuković Marin , Car Željka , Pavlisa Jasmina Ivšac , Mandić Lidija
Published: October 2017

Wearables may have notable potential as an assistive technology for persons with various difficulties. Although quite popular, smartwatches' niches are still revealing. One of them is definitely in the domain of assistive technology due to their communication and location features. Positioning features enable parents or caregivers to know the whereabouts of child or persons with disabilities, thus increasing their safety. The paper presents smartwatch tracking system for people with complex communication needs with emphasis on detection of smartwatch wearer's common movement routes. The application is a result of multidisciplinary research performed in the area of information and communication technology, as an assistive technology aiming to explore the technological possibilities of connecting new generations of mobile devices and their technological supplements, or wearables, in order to establish a different communication and location aids.
A Comparative Study of FFT, DCT, and DWT for Efficient Arrhytmia Classification in RP-RF Framework
Authors: Marasović Tea , Papić Vladan
Published: October 2017

Computer-aided ECG classification is an important tool for timely diagnosis of abnormal heart conditions. This paper proposes a novel framework that combines the theory of compressive sensing with random forests to achieve reliable automatic cardiac arrhythmia detection. Furthermore, the paper evaluates the characterization power of FFT, DCT and DWT data transformations in order to extract significant features that will bring the additional boost to the classification performance. The experiments – carried out over MIT-BIH benchmark arrhythmia database, following the standards and recommended practices provided by AAMI – demonstrate that DWT based features exhibit better performances compared to other two feature extraction techniques for a relatively small number of random projected coefficients, i.e. after considerable (approx. 85%) dimensionality reduction of the input signal. The results are very promising, suggesting that the proposed model could be implemented for practical applications of real-time ECG monitoring, due to its low-complexity.
 Importância da prática baseada em evidências nos processos de trabalho do enfermeiro / Importance of evidence-based practice in nurse's work processes
Authors: Reichembach Danski Mitzy Tannia , Oliveira Gabriella Lemes Rodrigues de , Pedrolo Edivane , Lind Jolline , Johann Derdried Athanasio
Published: October 2017

Atualmente, práticas e condutas de saúde devem embasar-se na melhor evidência disponível, assunto enfatizado no meio acadêmico de diversos países. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir acerca da Prática Baseada em Evidências no processo de trabalho da enfermagem. Trata-se de estudo teórico-reflexivo, baseado na literatura científica e análise crítica dos autores. A Prática Baseada em Evidências surge como um movimento para uso criterioso de resultados de pesquisas científicas na tomada de decisão clínica. O principal desafio para o cuidado baseado em evidências é a sua implementação, pois traduzir o conhecimento em ação é processo complexo. Esta reflexão nos coloca à frente do desafio da atuação de profissionais da saúde na transformação e adequação de sua prática clínica. É fato que as últimas décadas foram marcadas por um aumento na produção de pesquisas científicas nacionais para subsidiar a Prática Baseada em Evidências, entretanto a lacuna entre pesquisa e prática ainda prevalece. É preciso conscientizar os profissionais, gestores, e principalmente usuários e pacientes sobre a importância de combater as barreiras para a incorporação desta prática, buscando a melhoria dos processos de trabalho em todas as suas dimensões de atuação.
Autoatenção em saúde e o uso de plantas medicinais no contexto familiar de escolares/Health self-care and the use of medicinal plants in the family context of students
Authors: Mendieta Marjoriê Da Costa , Heck Rita Maria , Piriz Manuelle Arias , De Souza Andrieli Daiane Zdanski , Ceolin Silvana
Published: October 2017

Objetivou-se conhecer ações de autoatenção em saúde adotadas no contexto familiar de escolares, do meio urbano e rural e a sua relação com as plantas medicinais. Consistiu em uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, fundamentada no referencial de Autoatenção. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e julho de 2014, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada gravada no domicílio dos familiares de escolares. A análise foi realizada por meio da Proposta Operativa, emergindo os temas: O cuidado com a saúde em ações de autoatenção amplas e Cuidados na prevenção da doença em ações de autoatenção restritas. Os resultados apontam a constante articulação entre as formas de autoatenção ampla e restrita, no meio urbano e rural, incluindo as plantas medicinais, a automedicação, a vigilância de sintomas e consultas em unidades de saúde. Essa interlocução constante reafirma que a autoatenção inclui diversos cuidados interligados, sem excluir nenhum tipo, demonstrando que a população não nega uma por utilizar a outra e, sim, articula constantemente as práticas. No entanto, os profissionais da saúde não estão atuando de maneira articulada, o que é percebido pela população. Isso sugere a necessidade destes profissionais considerarem as práticas culturais de cuidado, promovendo a saúde de forma integral e articulada.
The Structure of the MHC Class I Molecule of Bony Fishes Provides Insights into the Conserved Nature of the Antigen-Presenting System
Authors: Chen Zhaosan , Zhang Nianzhi , Qi Jianxun , Chen Rong , Dijkstra Johannes M. , Li Xiaoying , Wang Zhenbao , Wang Junya , Wu Yanan , Xia Chun
Published: October 2017

MHC molecules evolved with the descent of jawed fishes some 350–400 million years ago. However, very little is known about the structural features of primitive MHC molecules. To gain insight into these features, we focused on the MHC class I Ctid-UAA of the evolutionarily distant grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The Ctid-UAA H chain and β2-microglobulin (Ctid-β2m) were refolded in vitro in the presence of peptides from viruses that infect carp. The resulting peptide-Ctid-UAA (p/Ctid-UAA) structures revealed the classical MHC class I topology with structural variations. In comparison with known mammalian and chicken peptide-MHC class I (p/MHC I) complexes, p/Ctid-UAA structure revealed several distinct features. Notably, 1) although the peptide ligand conventionally occupied all six pockets (A–F) of the Ag-binding site, the binding mode of the P3 side chain to pocket D was not observed in other p/MHC I structures; 2) the AB loop between β strands of the α1 domain of p/Ctid-UAA complex comes into contact with Ctid-β2m, an interaction observed only in chicken p/BF2*2101-β2m complex; and 3) the CD loop of the α3 domain, which in mammals forms a contact with CD8, has a unique position in p/Ctid-UAA that does not superimpose with the structures of any known p/MHC I complexes, suggesting that the p/Ctid-UAA to Ctid-CD8 binding mode may be distinct. This demonstration of the structure of a bony fish MHC class I molecule provides a foundation for understanding the evolution of primitive class I molecules, how they present peptide Ags, and how they might control T cell responses.