bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STABILITY OF CELLULAR RETAINING STRUCTURE FOR SATURETED SOILS
Authors: Al-Murshde Kareem R. , Kadhim Kadhim N. , Alkassar Hana'a M.
Published: June 2023

Series of laboratory tests have been carried out on one (single) circular and diaphragm cells of different width to height ratio (0.75, 1.00), to study the stability of cellular retaining structures in saturation soils. The tests include the following factors, such as the effect of berm ratios (back fill of cell) (0.2H, 0.4H) , embedment depth ratios (0.2H, 0.4H ), other factors such as cell width and soil type were studied too.
Three types of soils are used subbase, sand passing sieve No.4 and river sand. Where used models statistically to find out relationship between the berm, embedment depth, and horizontal displacement after applying failure load .
OPTIMAL DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE SLAB PANELS
Authors: Saleh Abdul Ridha , Abid Shahatha Muaid Adnan
Published: June 2023

The research has prepared programmed mathematical techniquesby Visual basic language for analysis, design and calculating the optimization of precast prestress hollow core slab panels. The research deals with the optimization byadoptingthe modified Hooke-Jeevs methodwhich is considered as a very suitable method especially for problems have many constraints.The formalizing of objective function was discussed according to required purpose.The aim of the study is to discuss three parameters (optimum weight, optimum cost and optimum live load). It isfound that the average void percentage ratioregarding the optimum weightis about (50%) whereby the section tendsto be in a shape where the voids become less than thickness and widthtake into consideration that the section is subjected to all the constraints (voids percentagetends to be much more than the regularcase), aswell as, it is foundthat the average of void percentage ratioconcerning withthe optimum cost is about (41%). The research also adopted preparing designable tables whichare informative and easy in use practically for different kind of hollow core slab sections, it isfound from the prepared maximum live load tables that the deflection restrictsthe span length not less than (60%), furthermore that adding toppingslab (5cm) thickness increase the span length about (16-20) %for thicknesses(15-22) cm.
USING OF GEOTHERMALENERGY (WELLWATER) FOR COOLING PURPOSE IN NAJAF TECHNICAL INSTITUTE (PART 1)
Authors: AL-Yasiri Abdulkadhum J.K , Muhammed Montadher A.
Published: June 2023

The industrial using of wells water in Iraq for buildings air conditioning are unknown or limited. So to state the benefits of this natural source an experimental and theoretical study in this field was established inorder to be funded by ministry of higher education to do larger cooling systems. The study concern on the ground water found in Najaf Institute which locate at Najaf sea south of Iraq. As a starting step the climate conditions was studied to determine the temperatures in a different periods of the year. The results proofed the benefits of temperature difference between the well water and the studying halls.Two studying halls were chosen, one of them used an air conditioner(capacity 2 ton) ,the other used well water cooling system. The temperature difference between two halls were taken ,as well as, the electricity consuming. A theoretical –experimental procedure was used to make design of cooling system. The heat load for the hall ,temperatures and velocity of water and air were measured.
QUANTIZATION MATRIX FOR MEDICAL IMAGE COMPRESSION USING FRAMELET TRANSFORM
Authors: Sabri Atheer Alaa , Sultan Nora Hussam
Published: June 2023

In this paper, two quantization matrices are proposed that is suitable to compress medical images using framelet transform. Also two algorithms are suggested to compress medical images. One of them is used for grayscale and color medical images while the second is used for grayscale medical images only. It is found that the first proposed quantization matrix is better than the second in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR). While the second proposed quantization matrix is faster than the first. The work suggested in this paper is compared with wavelet and multiwavelet based algorithms and other previously related works and it is found that the quantization matrices proposed are most suitable for compression medical images with framelet transform and framelet transform is the best compression method for medical images.
EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY OF CONCRET FILL ALUMINUM TUBULAR COLUMN UNDER AXIAL LOADS
Authors: Nasser Kadhim Zuboon
Published: June 2023

This work deals with an experimental and computational study was carried out on the structural behavior of circular concrete filled aluminum tubular columns subjected to increasing axial load. Twenty four specimens were tested to investigate the effect of diameter, D/t ratio and slenderness ratio of a aluminum tube on the load carrying capacity of the concrete filled tubular columns. Diameter to wall thickness ratio between 23.3 ≤ D/t ≤ 47.8, and the length to tube diameter ratio of 3 ≤ L/D ≤ 10 was investigated. The structural performance of the concrete-filled aluminum tube columns (CFTa) was investigated using constant concrete cylinder strengths of 24.2 MPa.The main purpose of the computational study aimed to investigate the potential of using fuzzy inference system (FIS) to predict the strength of the composite columns. Fuzzy inference system (FIS) model has been provided to be very effective in predicting the ultimate strength of aluminum-concrete composite columns. The average values of ratios of experimental to predicted ultimate loads are 1.001 forthe Sugeno FIS model. The circular hollow section tubes were fabricated by extrusion using 6061-T6 heat-treated aluminum alloy
DEVELOPING A NEW HYBRID SAFETY CAR-FOLLOWING MODEL
Authors: Al-Jameel Hamid Athab
Published: June 2023

For more than five decades, car-following models have been developed based on different theoretical backgrounds and conditions. The importance of these models belongs to their representation of longitudinal movement for any simulation model. Therefore, the accuracy of the car-following model is still the core of strength of any simulation model. For the purpose of this study, a hybrid car-following model has been developed to represent “go and stop” conditions. These conditions mostly occur in a weaving section. This model has been developed as a corner stone for a microscopic simulation model of representation of driver behaviour at a weaving section. A new condition that improves a driver behaviour in a situation at which the driver should not accelerate under specific condition as approaching from decelerated leading vehicle. Some assumptions of this model have been adopted from the CARSIMmodel. After developing this model using Visual Compact Fortran (version 6.5), the developed model has been calibrated with a set of field data from Germany. The results show that this model is more reasonable than other models such as Paramics, VISSIM, AIMSUNand CARSIMusing the same set of data. This model show significantly improvement in representing the reality than the others.
THE BEARING CAPACITY OF A CIRCULAR FOOTING ON GYPSEOUS SOIL BEFORE AND AFTER IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Aziz Laith Jawad , Abdulsatter Suhad
Published: June 2023

Bearing capacity of soil is an important factor in designing circular footing. It is directly related to foundation dimensions and consequently its performance. The calculations for obtaining the bearing capacity of a soil needs many varying parameters, for example soil type, depth of foundation, unit weight of soil, etc. In this work, the comparison between the values of bearing capacity of circular footing on gypseous soil before and after improvement determined by two different methods, the first method using compacted cement dust (Case1). The improvement were performed by making trench under the footing filled with compacted cement dust (at its optimum moisture content) at three depths [(Depth of trench, D =Width of trench, B =2 * the radius of footing R); (D=2B=4R) ; (D=3B=6R)], the trench had the same footing Dimensions, The second method is reinforcing gypseous soil with biaxial geogrids (Case2) have been shown to be an effective method for improving the ultimate bearing capacity of granular soils.
THREE DIMENSIONAL DCT AND TEMPORAL SECONDARY CLUSTERING BASED VIDEO STEGANOGRAPHY
Authors: Thahab Ahmed Toman
Published: June 2023

Security of data transmission is one of the important factors in communication between two parties. Steganography is a part of image processing that applies to the principle that hidden data is concealed in such a way that a part from the two communicating parties knowledge the procedure of hiding method. In this paper, a steganography method using the video file as a cover is used to hide secret data video benefiting from the insignificancy exploited by the temporal DCT domain in the video cover. A two-dimensional transform is applied on the video footage; the coefficients in the transform domain between the frames are gathered into groups. Another DCT transform is applied on the one dimensional array of each group. The secret binary data are embedded using a dynamic insertion strategy. Experimental results showed that the algorithm produces a high quality stego-video whereas, the Peak signal to noise ratio is reached to 46 dB for particular parameters. The normalized correlation is in the range of (0.999-1) which means that stego-video is highly correlated to the cover video. This states that the algorithm is secure and does not arouse suspicions that secret data is concealed.
LAMINAR FLAME SPEED MODEL AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF FORMATION DIFFUSION FLAME
Authors: Majhool Ahmed Abed Al-Kadhem
Published: June 2023

This work paid special attention on the laminar flame speed in a piloted methane-air in jet diffusion flame due to the strong nonlinearity of chemical reaction process where an extension for the unsteady laminar flamelet model is required. The purpose for doing that is set for two folds. The partial differential equations for solving the combustion model required the representation of laminar flame speed in it and the advanced combustion modeling which is promising step. The probability density function required the laminar flame speed to be modelled as a function in terms of the mixture fraction to perform the integration. The laminar flame speed model is discussed, and the results are compared with the experimental database with good accuracy. The model specifies the conditional laminar flame speed and the difference against the gas flow velocity.Â
STABILITY ENHANCEMENT BASED ON DISTRIBUTED GENERATION UNITS IN AL-NAJAF AL-ASHRAF ELECTRICAL NETWORK
Authors: Al-Rubayi Rashid Hameed , Hasan Zaid Tariq
Published: June 2023

The operation and structure of distribution system are changing with the integration of Distributed Generation (DG) units, where these units may have effect on power losses, stability, voltage profile, power quality and other quantities. Therefore the optimum location, size and number of DG units are necessary to avoid the negative impacts on electric power system. In this work, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is used to find the optimal number and locations of DG in order to minimize the active power losses. The thermal limit of transmission lines and transformers was studied to detect the lines or transformers which exceed the limit in order to process it. The voltage stability of distribution network has been investigated, using L index method.Â
OPTIMUM MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDWATER PUMPING BY USING SIMULATED ANNEALING TECHNIQUE
Authors: A. Abbas Sarmad
Published: June 2023

A two dimensional mathematical model is developed to simulate a groundwater flow regime of the upper part of Quaternary Deposites, in the Teeb area, Missan province. The optimum management of groundwater flow is developed by a linking simulation-optimization model. In this study, MODFLOW, 98 packages are used to simulate the groundwater flow system in unconfined aquifer. This model is integrated with an optimization model (Modular Groundwater optimizer) which is based on the simulated annealying (SA). Fixed well location case was undertaken by running the model with adopted calibrated parameters. The optimum value of pumping rate estimated through this study is (108320 m3/day), this value is compared with another previous work which based on genetic algorithm GA for the same area. The results of comparison showed that the optimum value obtained by SA is higher than the one obtained from GA by 18.35% for the same piezometric head draw down that indicate, the SA gives higher value than GA in this study.
A COMPARISON STUDY BETWEEN TWO MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF GROUNDWATER FLOW SIMULATION IN TEEB AREA, MISSAN PROVINCE
Authors: Al-Rekabi Wisam Sabeeh
Published: June 2023

Two-dimensional mathematical models are developed to simulate the flow regime of the upper part of Quaternary Deposits by two approaches finite difference and finite element. The suggested conceptual model, which is advocated to simulate the flow regime of aquifer is fixed for one layer, i.e. the activity of the deeper aquifer is negligible. The models are calibrated using trial and error procedure in two stages, steady state followed by unsteady state. Calibrated value of hydraulic conductivity and specific yield using MODFLOW (finite difference) and MICROFEM (finite element) simulations for both steady and unsteady states ranged (1-10) m/day while the specific yield ranges between (0.1- 0.4). For steady state condition, the mean absolute errors are 0.249 and 0.133 for MODFLOW and MICROFEM respectively. For unsteady state condition, the mean absolute errors are 0.025 and 0.02 for MODFLOW and MICROFEM respectively. The results of MODFLOW and MICROFEM shows that the flow in the study area from northeast to southwest.
DRYING SHRINKAGE OF CEMENT MORTAR REINFORCED WITH WASTE OFFICE PAPER FIBERS
Authors: Abdulabbas Zainab Hasan
Published: June 2023

In this investigation, the influence of using waste office paper fibers (WOPF) on the behavior of drying shrinkage in cement mortar have been presented. Cement mortar specimens size of (25×25×285) mm and a length change measuring apparatus including a dial gauge capable of measuring the length accurately to ±0.002 mmhave been used to study free drying shrinkage of cement mortar according to ASTM C596 –01 method.The workability of cement mortar reinforced with WOPF was assessed by using flow table test method. WOPF was added to the cement mortar in five ratios (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%) by weight of cement with two categories. In first one WOPF added after being soaked in water for 24 hours while in the second one WOPF added after being soaked in cooking oil for 48 hours. The total mixes were 10 in addition to the reference mix (the 11thmix) which is made without WOPF. The results of the study indicated that the increase in WOPF ratio led to reduce in workability. In first category, when WOPF ratio increased to 0.4%, the flow percent still within 110±5%, and when WOPF ratio increased to 0.6% and above the flow percent clearly reduced. While in second category, when WOPF added, the flow percent dropped obviously for all ratios. Drying shrinkage percent increased when WOPF was added to mixes compared with reference mix for all ratios used in both categories except the fifth ratio (i.e. WOPF 1%) in which the drying shrinkage percent decreased at age of drying 11, 18, 25 days for first category and at age of 18 and 25 days for second category. Drying shrinkage percent of mixes has equal ratio of WOPF in the both categories had the same tendency in variation with time. The loss of weight percent variation for all the mixes is approximately linear. The loss of weight percent of category I is more than that of category II.
EFFECT OF WEB OPENING ON THE AXIAL LOAD CAPACITY OF STEEL COLUMNS WITH COLD FORMED THIN WALLED SECTION (CFS)
Authors: AlJallad Sadjad Amir , Al-Thairy Haitham
Published: June 2023

In this paper, an experimental study has been presented to investigate the effects of web opening on the behavior and failure of steel columns with cold formed thin walled sections (CFS) subjected to axial compressive load. Twenty small scale steel columns with cold formed box and channel sections and a total length of 500 mm have been considered in the experimental tests. Ten of the tested steel columns specimens have a box section with dimensions of (100×100×2) mm (height × width× thickness), and the other ten columns specimens have a channel sections with dimensions of (100×50×2) mm (height × width× thickness). To investigate the effect of the number and the shape of web opening on the axial compressive strength of steel columns, each ten columns with same cross section shape was divided into three groups of three columns in addition to the reference column which has no web openings. All groups of columns have same opening area which is located at the web of the section, but each group has a different opening shape (square, rectangular, and circular shapes), and each steel column within each group has different numbers of opening distributed along column length (one, two, and three openings). Each steel column specimens was subjected to an increasing static load up to column failure which indicated by the reloading of the test machine. The study has shown that for most of the tested columns, increasing the numbers of web openings results in decreasing the column axial strength compared to the reference steel column. The maximum percentage of the reduction in the columns axial compressive strength caused by the presence of web opening was found to be about 30% and 45% of the reference columns strength for columns with box and channel shape sections, respectively. It has also been found that the reduction in the axial compressive strength of the column specimens caused by the presence of web openings is lower for the circular shape openings compared to that for rectangular and/or square shape web openings.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR DETERMINE MANNING'S COEFFICIENT WITH DIFFERENT SLOPES AND CHANNEL BED MATERIALS
Authors: A.Merry Marwa
Published: June 2023

Water resources and hydraulic engineering projects have been upward rapidly in all over the world, accordingly the prediction of roughness coefficient is essential criteria to design open channels, and related hydraulic structures. The aims of this research are to find out the effect of changing beds materials and discharge on coefficient of roughness (n), the beds that used in the tests are smooth which represented by original channel bed (steel plate), rough bed material which is a gravel bed and waved bed .The experimental work was performed in a rectangular flume with dimension of (15 m* 0.3 m* 0.45 m) long, wide and deep, respectively with different value of slope (1:200 and 1:500) to analyze slope effect on coefficient of roughness in addition to the effect of channel bed material. The experimental work showed that The coefficient of roughness reduced when the discharge increases for specified slope and channel bed, The slope of the channel and bed roughness is the main factors affected on determining  coefficient of roughness and when the channel slope increases the coefficient of roughness increases, the coefficient of roughness is decreased when using smooth bed and it is increased when channel bed is waved. The percentage change in the Manning coefficient due to changing in slope and channel bed  is (112.6%) when slope equal to (1/200) and the channel bed changed from smooth to rough , (184%) when the bed changed from rough to waved, and (33.6%) when channel bed changed from rough to waved. And for (1/500) slope, the percentage change in the Manning coefficient equal to (33.5%) when the bed changed from smooth to rough, (80%) when changed from smooth to waved, and (33.1%) when changed from rough to waved.
THE USE OF WATER QUALITY INDEX TO EVALUATE GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN WEST OF BASRAH WELLS
Authors: AHMED HAMDAN AHMED NASEH
Published: June 2023

Groundwater is an important natural resource necessary for drinking use for many societies all over the world, particularly in the rural areas. Due to water shortage problem in southern part of Iraq, the need arises to use the ground water especially in west of Basrah governorate, where it is considered as an important agricultural area in Iraq that supplies other areas of the country by main vegetable crops. Twenty-seven wells were chosen to be study cases for hydrochemical sampling and analyzing to determine the physical and chemical properties then compared with the requirements of World Health Organization (WHO 1993), and different water classifications, to estimate the groundwater suitability for different purposes. The collected samples in the field were analyzed for total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, major cations like magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium and anions like chloride, nitrate, carbonate, bicarbonate, and sulphate, in the laboratory. Water Quality Index (WQI) was used to assess the suitability of groundwater from the study area for human consumption. It has been calculated for each sample taken from wells and were compared to the standard guideline values as recommended by the (WHO) for drinking and public health in order to have an indication of the present quality of groundwater. According to the overall evaluation of the sites, almost all the parameters analyzed are above the desirable limits of WHO, therefore it was concluded that the quality of groundwater from the studied areas were not suitable for domestic purposes and far from drinking water standards.
A NEW CHAOTIC MAP FOR GENERATING CHAOTIC BINARY SEQUENCE
Authors: Falih Saad Muhi
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a new quadratic map (NQM) is proposed. Using this NQM, a chaotic signal can be generated directly by assuming an initial condition to NQM which can be converted into binary sequence to get a chaotic binary sequence. The chaotic binary sequences that were evolved in this system are typically broadband and noise-like sequence. However, because of these properties the chaotic binary sequence generating potentially provides an important class of signals which can be utilized in various communication systems. The results showed that the presented method generates a chaotic binary sequence with several advantages, such as the stability, broadband, difficult to predict, noise-like, and high randomness statistical properties.
THE ELECTROCHROMIC PROPERTY OF WO3 THIN FILM PREPARING BY MAGNETRON SPUTTERING UNDER VARIOUS CRYSTAL STRUCTURES
Authors: A. Shukur Haider
Published: June 2023

Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) thin films with a various crystal structure have been fabricated by a magnetron sputtering method. The effect of changing of crystal structure on the Electrochromic (EC) property was investigated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been employed to investigate morphology and structure. For EC measurement, 0.1M LiClO4 aqueous solution was used as electrolyte, and Pt and Ag/AgCl were used for counter and reference electrodes respectively. WO3 thin film with a various structure has been obtained by changing reactive gas (Ar) gas and O2 flow rates. Fabricated WO3 thin films with 002 and 112 crystal structures have a high Electrochromic (EC) response.
Kinetic and mechanistic study of oxidation of phenyl thiourea by pyridinium chlorochromate in aqueous DMF medium
Authors: Munna Lal Meena
Published: June 2023

Oxidation of Phenyl Thiourea by pyridinium chlorochromate in aqueous DMF medium, containing perchloric acid has been studied. The rate of reaction was found to be of first order with respect to [PCC], [PTU] and [H+]. The increase in the rate of oxidation with increase in acidity indicates the involvement of a protonated chromium(VI) species in the rate-determining step. the rate of reaction increased with increase in dielectric constant of the reaction medium., which indicates that there is involvement of an ion–dipole type of interaction in the rate-determining step. The activation parameters have been evaluated. On the basis of the experimental findings, a suitable mechanism and rate law has been proposed.
Human Mimic Chatbot
Authors: M.V. Vijaya Saradhi  , Swajan Reddy Gaddampally  , Sai Kumar Chamarla  , Arun Reddy Cheluveru  , Adityan Tamarapu
Published: June 2023

A Telegram bot that lets users enter a contact's name and a text file for a chat serves as the project's entry point. The bot turns the conversation data into a structured pandas dataframe after extracting it. The chatbot is then trained using the conversation data and the Microsoft Dialogue GPT model so that it can produce responses resembling those of the selected contact. The model is then deployed to the Hugging Face repository after training is finished, and users are given access to a run.py file. This Python programme interacts with WhatsApp using Selenium to keep track of new messages from the chosen contact. The chatbot concept is applied to construct an appropriate reply when a new message is received, automating the reply procedure. The project's benefits include improved productivity, tailored responses, and easy integration with well-liked messaging platforms. As the chatbot responds to incoming messages in line with the conversational style of the designated contact, users may now concentrate on their activities without the need for frequent manual engagement. The project does, however, have several drawbacks, such as its reliance on the reliability and accessibility of the offered conversation history. Future improvements might use sentiment analysis, context awareness, and advanced natural language processing techniques to overcome these restrictions and improve the effectiveness of the chatbot.
Analysis of Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) Refinery as Sulfur Emission Control Unit at PT X, Indonesia
Authors: Pertiwi Andarani  , Mutiara Nuriza Rahmawati Priyatna
Published: June 2023

PT X is an Indonesian oil and gas processing industry. Recognizing the potential harm posed by gas emissions from oil and natural gas processing, PT X is actively working to control air pollution. One of their initiatives involves the construction of a Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) refinery to reduce sulfur gas emissions, particularly from H2S, by converting them into liquid sulfur products. The SRU refinery effectively processes approximately 73% of the H2S gas emitted during production. In January 2023, air quality measurements were conducted on stack 94-F-403 SRU, revealing the following results: the average concentration of SO2 emissions was 14.69 mg/m3, and the average concentration of NO2 emissions was 3.04 mg/m3. These measurements indicate that both parameters fall below the quality standards set by the Indonesian Minister of Environment Regulation No. 13 of 2009, which defines acceptable emission limits for the oil and gas industry. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the emissions from stack 94-F-403 SRU are classified as non-polluting, adhering to the Indonesian government's quality standards. PT X's commitment to environmental responsibility is evident through their implementation of the SRU refinery, which significantly reduces gas emissions and ensures compliance with regulatory requirements.
Femoral hip osteoporotic fracture risk in Jordanian cohort and their relationships with hypertension and antihypertensive drugs
Authors: Suhair Shaher Tarawneh  , Mohammad Muneer Mahmoud Obeidat  , Ruba Basem Ata Ayesh  , Ola Elias Abd Alaziz Alnatsheh  , Alaa Mohammad Abedrabbu Alfaraheed  , Farah Ahed Al-Adaileh
Published: June 2023

Background: Osteoporosis and hypertension (HTN) are frequent and often coexisting diseases among the elderly. Recent studies suggested that both diseases may share the same etiopathology. Moreover, the treatment of hypertension can either positively or negatively affect the bone mineral density (BMD) and consequently, either improving or worsening the patients’ osteoporosis statuses, respectively. Aim: The primary aim of this study is to determine the odd ratios, pearson and spearman correlations, and the distribution rates of the HTN statuses and their corresponding anti-HTN medications, in addition to other investigated comparative variables, across two categorized cohorts; the lower risk of femoral hip osteoporotic fracture (fHOPF) cohort [Cohort I] versus the higher fHOPF cohort [Cohort II], in Jordanian cohort. Methods: The investigated studied participants were either allocated to non-HTN versus HTN cohorts (Cohort I vs Cohort II, respectively). Also, the anti-HTN medications were categorized into 6 major medication’s group; Group I-VI. Both aforementioned categorized 2 patients’ cohorts and 6 medications’ groups were analyzed via chi square test to express the comparison results as distribution rates strength of associations (odd ratios), Pearson chi-square statistic (χ 2), Goodness of Fit (G-Test of independence), and Pearson (r) and Spearman (ρ) correlations. Patients who were on thiazide or thiazide like diuretics with ACEIs or ARBs had the lowest incidence rate of higher risk of fHOPF (50%), followed by patients who were on BBs with thiazide or thiazide like diuretics (66.7%), CCBs with thiazide or thiazide like diuretics (85%), CCBs with ACEIs or ARBs (85.7%), and lastly for patients who took CCBs with or without BBS (100%) [R & ρ [-0.390±0.081 &-0.362±0.068], χ 2 & G-Test [18.685 & 18.805], p-Value [0.002 &0.002]]. Results: Overall, 206 participants who were clinically diagnosed for osteoporotic fracture risk at our rehabilitation and rheumatology clinic between Sep 2021 and Nov 2021, were studied to investigate the differences of the various investigated independent variables across the 2 dichotomized HTN related cohorts; Cohort I-II. In this study, 49.03% (101 of the eligible patients) were allocated to the non-HTN affected cohort (Cohort I) and 50.97% (101 of the overall participants) were comparatively allocated to the HTN affected cohort (Cohort II). Conclusion: The thiazide or thiazide like diuretics and ACEIs or ARBs, alone or in combination, may positively improve the femoral hip bone mineral densities and consequently mitigate the risk of osteoporotic fractures.
Educating students with autism through ICT during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Taxiarchis Vouglanis  , Anna Maria Driga
Published: June 2023

The closure of schools due to the pandemic led to the forced implementation of distance education. For students with autism, this also meant an interruption of the support they were receiving. Parents were asked to provide this support without having the proper training. The interruption of the operation of schools and the transfer of education to the home, also meant a change in the routine of autistic children, an element that caused them an even greater burden.
Review of Proliposomal Gel for Transdermal drug delivery system
Authors: Hirenkumar Gajubhai Patel  , Sanjay Kumar Jain  , Vijay Nigam
Published: June 2023

Proliposomes are an innovative kind of carrier-mediated drug delivery that offers numerous advantages over traditional liposomes. The conventional liposomes are susceptible to oxidation or hydrolysis, as well as sedimentation, aggregation, or fusion with other substances. While, proliposomes are far more stable than liposomes, making them better suited for the delivery of pharmaceuticals. They are a dry, free-flowing, granular substance that, when it comes in touch with water or a biological fluid inside the body, instantly transforms into a liposomal dispersion. Future systems for delivering medications could be proliposomes. They have achieved a considerable improvement in resolving the stability, bioavailability, and solubility of poorly soluble medicines difficulties associated with liposomes with their non-invasive drug administration into or across the skin. They are a better alternative to the liposomal vesicular system because of their increased physical and chemical stability and potential for scalability for commercial viability. Because they are in dry powder form, they can be manufactured into unit dose forms like tablets, capsules, and beads, among other things. Because of all these advantages, proliposomes have been used for a variety of medical applications.
Kontekstualisasi Injil dalam Praktik Rumengkom
Authors: Losu Claudia Pricillia , Koan Cindy Quartyamina , Tampake Tony
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This paper intended to provide a critical analysis of the efforts to contextualise the Gospel through the practice of rumengkom by Minahasa Christians. Eating together or rumengkom for the Minahasa community has a special meaning and is indirectly interpreted as a form of theological expression typical of the Minahasa community. As time goes by, the church gives a different meaning to the practice by understanding it as a form of contextualisation of the Gospel. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach in Yobel Uluindano Church of Minahasa (GMIM). The results of the research were then analysed with the lens of the anthropological approach model of contextual theology. The results of this study showed that the effort to contextualise the gospel by the church has obscured the theological value that already exist in the practice of rumengkom.Abstrak. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk memberikan analisis kritis terhadap upaya kontekstualisasi Injil melalui praktik rumengkom oleh umat Kristiani Minahasa. Makan bersama atau rumengkom bagi masyarakat Minahasa memiliki makna yang sangat berharga dan secara tidak langsung dimaknai sebagai bentuk ungkapan teologis khas masyarakat Minahasa. Seiring berjalannya waktu gereja memberikan pemaknaan yang berbeda terhadap praktik rumengkom dengan memahaminya sebagai bentuk kontekstualisasi Injil. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif di Gereja Masehi Injili di Minahasa (GMIM) Yobel Uluindano. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis dengan lensa model pendekatan antropologis teologi kontekstual. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya kontekstualisasi Injil yang dilakukan gereja telah mengaburkan nilai teologis yang sebenarnya sudah ada dalam praktik rumengkom.
Not The Nineveh, But Jonah: Exploring God’s Mercy in The Book of Jonah
Authors: Sin Sia Kok
Published: June 2023

Many scholars argue that the book of Jonah is about God’s mercy for Nineveh. However, I argue that the focus of this book is God’s mercy for Jonah, the stubborn, disobedient, and reluctant prophet. We can find that indeed God’s mercy was for Nineveh by relenting his judgment to the repented Nineveh, but it was not the focus of God in this book. If the focus is the Nineveh, the book of Jonah could end with chapter three which states God relented his judgment on the Nineveh. This study was conducted with narrative method to the whole narrative of the book of Jonah. This study showed that from chapter one to chapter four, God dealt mercifully to Jonah who had to deal with his struggles as God’s prophet. We can see how God dealt mercifully with Jonah through this book. I conclude that a narrative reading of the entire narrative of the book of Jonah can produce a different interpretation from the existing one.
Explosive activity of Chikurachki volcano in January–February of 2023 (Paramushir Island, Northern Kuril Islands)
Authors:   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS, Degterev A.V. , Chibisova M.V. ,   Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics of the Far Eastern Branch of RAS
Published: June 2023

The first information about the eruption of Chikurachki volcano in 2023 (Paramushir Island, Northern Kuril Islands) obtained on the basis of satellite and visual data is presented. In the period from January 28 to February 8, 2023, another explosive eruption of Chikurachki volcano, which in its nature was similar to the previous five episodes of explosive activity of the volcano that occurred throughout 2022. The volcano activity was characterized by the manifestation of moderate volcanic activity: both separate explosions and phases of a relatively calm and prolonged (several hours) emission of an ash-gas mixture were observed. In total, in the period from January 28 to February 8 of 2023, eight ejections were recorded at a height of 2.5 to 4.5 km a.s.l. Ash plumes were directed mainly to the east and northeast, their length was 100–155 km. Given the high activity and explosive nature of the activities of Chikurachki volcano in recent years, during which extended ash plumes form, the volcano is potentially dangerous for international and local airlines.
THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC CONCEPTS IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT OF MUSEUM WAYANG DAN ARTEFAK PURBALINGGA
Authors: Purwaningsih Dyah Raina , Yulianita Nadia Gitya , Prasetyoningsih Tri Wahyu Setiawan
Published: June 2023

The article discusses translation techniques applied in the translation of culture-specific concepts in the description text  of Museum Wayang dan Artefak Purbalingga. Culture-specific concept is one of the common types of non-equivalence at word level resulted from the absence of cultural concepts in the target language. To cope with this problem, a translator is provided with translation techniques proposed by many translation scholars. This research applied the theory of translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir. Based on the analysis, the most frequently-used technique is borrowing technique. The technique is relatively common to apply in translating culturally-bound terms that do not have one-to-one correspondence. The most common non-equivalence problem at word level to find is problem of culture-specific concepts. It is because the text describes the puppets displayed there, and to be more specific, puppets are parts of Indonesian culture, a precious cultural heritage.  Therefore, many culturally-bound words or terms are kept original.
“OSOB WALIKAN”: ENVISIONING HOW MALANGESE MAINTAIN THEIR EXISTENCE
Authors: Fadhillah Syahnidar Ravena , Sudarwati Emy
Published: June 2023

Osob Walikan, commonly referred to as Walikan Malang, can be widely used in the social life of Malang people. Developed from a code language, this language still exists even though it already served its purpose and developed into a Malang local language. This paper investigates the current perception of Malangese toward Walikan and its relationship with the maintenance of the Walikan language, which is a local code street language that has shifted to become an urban language. This qualitative study uses questionnaires and interviews to gather the data. The findings showed that there are 3 main perceptions of Malangese towards Walikan: a language as an identity, cultural heritage, and symbol of solidarity. The majority of participants agreed that Walikan is important and needs to be preserved because Walikan has its values for the Malang people. The main method of preservation is to use this language actively in communication so that there are always active speakers to prevent the decline of language use.
VALENCY OF CHILD SPEECH IN THE YOUTUBE CHANNEL “STEVE TV SHOW”: SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Izzah Linatul Laili , Indah Rohmani Nur
Published: June 2023

Current linguistic studies tend to investigate sentence structure to determine the form of valency in written sentences. However, the study of valency in verbal communication still needs more exploration. This study investigated the types of valency and its arguments used by Ariana Jalia, a 6-year-old child, in her spontaneous utterances during the interview on ‘Steve TV Show’. As a qualitative descriptive study, the purpose was to gain a deep understanding of valency and its arguments found in the child's speech. In the field of semantics, the findings of this study indicated that the utterances produced by Ariana contained four types of valency zero, twelve types of valency one, and three types of verb valency. In addition, the semantic analysis investigated the thematic roles assigned to the argument verbs used by the child. Viewed from the agents, themes, causes, and topics of what Ariana described in her narrative, she employed transitive verbs. The findings shed light on the way children used language in informal and conversational settings and how they constructed sentences with different verb structures to convey their thoughts and ideas. It also highlights the importance of understanding the grammatical structures used by children in order to better support their language development. The need for further research suggests that there is still much to be learned about the early stages of language development and how children use language in various settings.
THE COMPARISON OF PHONEME PRONUNCIATION PHONOLOGICAL INTERFERENCE OF ق [Q] IN SUNDANESE AND JAVANESE SPEAKERS
Authors: Fitria Siti Aulia Nazarul , Al Farisi Mohamad Zaka
Published: June 2023

The study analyses the phonological interference of phoneme pronunciation [q] by Sundanese and Javanese speakers compared with Arabic speakers. The researchers used a descriptive comparative qualitative method. The researchers listened, took notes, and documented the voice recordings of male students from the Sundanese and Javanese ethnic groups when reading the Qur'an to collect research data and analyse it using Praat software version 6.2.13. From the results of the recordings, Sundanese-speaking students and Javanese speakers would then be compared with reference speakers, namely Syekh Sa'ad Al-ghamidi, who has the capability of reciting verses from the Qur'an. The research results indicated phonological interference in the phoneme [q] when Sundanese and Javanese male students read the Qur'an. The factor contributing to the occurrence of pronunciation errors in the phoneme [q] was the transfer of SL and JL elements when using AL. Errors occurred due to deviations from the proper language rules. The research is expected to have positive implications, minimizing interference and increasing fluency in reading the Qur'an.
Hubungan antara Resolusi Konflik dengan Kepuasan Pernikahan pada Remaja Menikah Dini
Authors: Oktaviana Rina , Piraini Piraini
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between conflict resolution and marital satisfaction in early married adolescents. This research design uses quantitative research. The research instrument used is the Conflict Resolution Scale and the Marriage Satisfaction Scale. The subjects involved in this study amounted to 161 early married couples who were obtained using purposive sampling technique. The data obtained were then analyzed using simple regression, namely, to make an estimate of the value of the variables. This study shows that there is a significant relationship between conflict resolution and marital satisfaction in Adolescent couples married early in Talang Jaya Village (p0.001; R Square 0.251).
Strategi Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Film Gara-Gara Warisan
Authors: Amaliavanti Zhafirah , Wulandari Badriyah
Published: June 2023

A movie, as a literary work in the form of an audio-visual medium, is a dialogue-driven depiction of everyday life. In a movie, dialogue consists of utterances with a function, allowing characters to express themselves and convey a message. The purpose of the politeness strategy in the language is to facilitate the delivery of messages without harming the speaking partner's face. Therefore, the objective of this study is to discover and describe language politeness strategies in the Gara-Gara Warisan movie. This study employs a descriptive-qualitative methodology. While the approach in this study is the listening method and the advanced techniques, namely The Free Conversation Listening Technique (SBLC). Furthermore, the techniques used are transcript techniques and note-taking techniques. This study indicated that the most prevalent politeness approach is a positive politeness strategy and without utilizing any strategy (bald-on-record strategy), as opposed to a negative politeness strategy and an off-record politeness strategy.
Analisis Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Instruksional terhadap Kualitas Kerja Guru di SMK Perguruan Al Washliyah Petumbukan Deli Serdang
Authors: Saragih Kayamuddin , Elfrianto Elfrianto , Pratiwi Sri Nurabdiah
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of instructional leadership on teacher job quality in the work environment, organizational culture, and work motivation on teacher performance towards job satisfaction at Al Washliyah Petumbukan Vocational School in Deli Serdang. The population in this study is all teachers at Al Washliyah Petumbukan Vocational School, which is 68 people. Due to the population not reaching 100 people, all of them were used as the total sample. The research instrument used was a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. The results of the study show a positive and significant influence of instructional leadership (X1), achievement motivation (X2), and quality of work life (X3) together on job satisfaction. The magnitude of this influence is indicated by the coefficient of determination R2 (R square) = which means that collectively Job Satisfaction influences teacher performance by 63.0% and the remaining 37.0% is determined by other factors.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Era Digital: Problematika dan Solusi dalam Pengembangan Media
Authors: Haq Samsul
Published: June 2023

Stakeholders in the education world are striving to use technology as a tool to advance education, especially in the learning of Arabic language. By combining various media such as audio, visual, and text, learning can be improved and deepened compared to using only one type of media. Arabic is the second foreign language taught in Indonesia, so it is important to utilize technology in learning this language. Therefore, this research aims to describe the problems and solutions of Arabic language learning in the development of learning media. This research uses a qualitative design method and data is obtained from articles and reading sources related to the discussion topic. It can be concluded that linguistic problems include phonetics, morphology, and structure, while non-linguistic problems include learning motivation, learning facilities, teaching methods, learning time, and learning environment. Meanwhile, language learning problems also vary depending on the age of the students and different learning environments. Solutions in media development must be adjusted to linguistic and non-linguistic problems.