bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LETRAMENTO DIGITAL: O INSTAGRAM COMO RECURSO PEDAGÓGICO
Authors: Guimarães Renata Lopes Cipriano , Silva Cícero da
Published: February 2024

Este artigo objetiva compreender como o Instagram pode ser utilizado enquanto recurso pedagógico em uma escola pública brasileira. O estudo integra uma pesquisa mais ampla intitulada “Letramento Digital: uso de recursos digitais por professores e alunos em uma escola de ensino médio”, vinculada à Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins. O estudo está alicerçado no campo da Linguística Aplicada e na perspectiva dos estudos do letramento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e se enquadra como um estudo de caso e de campo. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de janeiro e dezembro de 2021 por meio de observação da rede social (Instagram) da escola-campo e captura de vídeos e imagens publicadas. Os resultados permitem afirmar que as redes sociais podem contribuir para o processo de educação e, ainda, aproximar a escola da comunidade, dos alunos e dos professores quando estes estão fora dos muros escolares, mantendo um estreito relacionamento entre os diferentes atores, mas isso apenas se o Instagram tiver objetivo de ensinar e não apenas de divulgar as ações escolares.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA LIDERANÇA POSITIVA E OS PRINCÍPIOS QUE PREDOMINAM NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Oliveira Thyago Vinicius Marques , Pinheiro Eduarda Lourranne dos Santos
Published: February 2024

As organizações precisam de inúmeros fatores e recursos para funcionarem, mas elas não se regulam sozinhas, a gestão é simplesmente o que contribui para que tudo aconteça dentro do ambiente de trabalho. A boa liderança é uma ação do líder, na qual se torna chave principal para o crescimento das organizações, e se bem aplicada tem a capacidade de potencializar as ações dos liderados, em virtude disso nota-se a necessidade de ser amplamente abordado este assunto dentro das organizações, juntamente com a aplicação de investimentos na qualificação não somente dos liderados, mas também dos líderes. A pesquisa classificou-se como sendo de abordagem qualitativa, de revisão bibliográfica. Este trabalho teve como objetivo abordar sobre a influência da liderança positiva dentro da administração pública e os princípios presentes para o bom funcionamento da gestão. Diante disso verifica-se que apesar das diferenças entre setor público e privado, a liderança é fundamental em ambos os tipos de organizações, pois é ela que se atuada de forma positiva, tem o impacto de tornar ambientes de trabalho mais alegres, menos monopolizadores e consequentemente mais produtivos.
Factors Associated with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Perimenopausal Women
Authors: Ivanović Radenko , Joksimović Bojan , Čančar Vladimir , Marić Helena , Matović Draženka , Lalović Nenad , Pavlović Radiša , Milosavljević Miloš , Milosavljević Jovana , Janković Slobodan
Published: February 2024

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common health problems encountered in women of the perimenopausal age group. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of functional AUB in perimenopausal women, and to identify predictors of the occurrence of functional AUB in perimenopausal women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 45 women with complaints of AUB admitted to the gynecology ward in the University Hospital in Foča, and 45 women without AUB who underwent a gynecological examination in the Primary Health Center in Foča, Bosnia and Herzegovina. We included women with AUB who had a normal ultrasound finding without obvious genital or cervical lesions, and who were not on hormonal therapy. The existence of AUB was determined on the basis of a clinical examination by a gynecologist and existing medical documentation. A logistic regression model was used to assess the possible relationship between the occurrence of the functional AUB and the risk factors for its occurrence. Results: The mean patient age was 48.38 ± 2.40 years. There was no significant difference in age, frequency of physical activity, or previous use of oral contraceptives between the two groups of patients divided by the presence of the functional AUB in perimenopause. The logistic regression model showed that age (p = 0.008), high values of body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.001), consumption of alcohol and cigarettes on a daily basis (p = 0.001), and hypertension (p = 0.046) represented significant risk factors associated with functional AUB in perimenopausal women. Conclusions: During routine exams of women approaching menopause, gynecologists should emphasize the harms of smoking and alcohol use, as well as the significance of non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods for the treatment of obesity and hypertension.
Value of Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound in Quantitative Assessment of Early Diminished Ovarian Reserve During Perimenopause
Authors: Ma Yunfei , Wu Yiyun
Published: February 2024

Background: To evaluate the value of transvaginal three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound (3D-PD-US) in quantitative assessment of early diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) among perimenopausal women. Methods: A total of 166 perimenopausal women with DOR were selected from February 2019 to December 2022, including 63 in the early stage and 103 in the mid-to-late stage. Ovarian reserve was assessed by biochemical testing and 3D-PD-US imaging. Biochemical indicators included antimüllerian hormone (AMH), basal serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2). 3D-PD-US indicators involved ovarian volume (OV), antral follicle number (AFC), vascularization index (VI), blood flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI). The accuracies of two methods were compared. Results: There were significant differences in OV, AFC, VI, FI, and VFI between the early DOR group and the mid-to-late DOR group (all p < 0.05). FSH had significant negative correlations with OV, AFC, VI, FI and VFI, with correlation coefficients of –0.342, –0.381, –0.179, –0.123, and –0.175, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: 3D-PD-US may serve as a quantitative method for early detection of DOR in perimenopausal women.
A New Leu714Arg Variant in the Converter Domain of MYH7 is Associated with a Severe Form of Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Golubenko Maria V. , Pavlyukova Elena N. , Salakhov Ramil R. , Makeeva Oksana A. , Puzyrev Konstantin V. , Glotov Oleg S. , Puzyrev Valery P. , Nazarenko Maria S.
Published: February 2024

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most frequent autosomal dominant disease, yet due to genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, and phenotype variability, the prognosis of the disease course in pathogenic variant carriers remains an issue. Identifying common patterns among the effects of different genetic variants is important. Methods: We investigated the cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in a family with two patients suffering from a particularly severe disease. Searching for the genetic variants in HCM genes was performed using different sequencing methods. Results: A new missense variant, p.Leu714Arg, was identified in exon 19 of the beta-myosin heavy chain gene (MYH7). The mutation was found in a region that encodes the ‘converter domain’ in the globular myosin head. This domain is essential for the conformational change of myosin during ATP cleavage and contraction cycle. Most reports on different mutations in this region describe severe phenotypic consequences. The two patients with the p.Leu714Arg mutation had heart failure early in life and died from HCM complications. Conclusions: This case presents a new likely pathogenic variant in MYH7 and supports the hypothesis that myosin converter mutations constitute a subclass of HCM mutations with a poor prognosis for the patient.
Impact of Growth Hormone on Microglial and Astrocytic Function
Authors: Tavares Mariana R. , Wasinski Frederick , Metzger Martin , Donato. Jose
Published: February 2024

The role of growth hormone (GH) in the central nervous system (CNS) involves neuroprotection, neuroregeneration, formation of axonal projections, control of cognition, and regulation of metabolism. As GH induces insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in many tissues, differentiating the specific functions of GH and IGF-1 in the organism is a significant challenge. The actions of GH and IGF-1 in neurons have been more extensively studied than their functions in nonneuronal cells (e.g., microglial cells). Glial cells are fundamentally important to CNS function. Microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and tanycytes are essential to the survival, differentiation, and proliferation of neurons. As the interaction of the GH/IGF-1 axis with glial cells merits further exploration, our objective for this review was to summarize and discuss the available literature regarding the genuine effects of GH on glial cells, seeking to differentiate them from the role played by IGF-1 action whenever possible.
Peripheral Blood Non-Coding RNA as Biomarker for Schizophrenia: A Review
Authors: Xie Mengtong , Zhang Yanchi , Yan Lijuan , Jin Mengdi , Lu Xiaoyu , Yu Qiong
Published: February 2024

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex and heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder that lacks objective diagnostic indicators and the pathogenesis remain unclear. Genetic factors may exert a significant impact on the development of the condition. While obtaining brain tissue for biopsy in the course of adjuvant diagnosis of SCZ patients may not be possible, the collection of peripheral blood is more accessible and easier to implement. In recent years, the development and application of RNA sequencing technology has made seeking biomarkers of SCZ becomes more feasible. There is emerging evidence suggesting that certain non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) are distinctly different in the peripheral blood of SCZ patients and healthy controls. Although the mechanisms remain unclear, these aberrantly expressed ncRNAs may be intimately associated with the onset and development of SCZ and may be of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of SCZ. Therefore, we reviewed the expression of distinct types of ncRNAs that have been found in the peripheral blood of SCZ patients and explored their potential application as diagnostic biomarkers of SCZ. Differentially expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood of SCZ patients could not only serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SCZ but may also have implications for advancing understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of SCZ and elucidating the complex etiology of SCZ. Early diagnostic biomarkers obtained directly from peripheral blood are of great significance for the timely diagnosis and treatment of SCZ. Our review will enhance the comprehension of molecular mechanisms of SCZ and contribute to the identification of promising ncRNAs in peripheral blood for both diagnosis and therapy of SCZ.
Is CRT Optimization Obsolete? A Referral Center’s Experience
Authors: Saleem-Talib Shmaila , Duineveld Mirjam D. , Schipper Jurjan C. , Hauer Arnaud D. , Ramanna Hemanth , de Groot Natasja M.S. , Scheffer Michael G.
Published: February 2024

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is a well-established therapy for patients with heart failure (HF). However, 30% of HF patients do not show any improvement in clinical status after CRT implantation. In this study, we report our echocardiography-based CRT optimization methodology, in daily practice at our CRT referral center. Methods: We included 350 ambulatory patients, who were referred to our center for optimization after CRT implantation. A protocol-driven echocardiographic approach for adjusting mechanical dyssynchrony, whereby adjusting for ventriculoventricular (VV) delays with strain and atrioventricular (AV) delays with Doppler echocardiography was performed. We defined changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes as outcome variables in the evaluation of the CRT outcomes. Results: Optimization was obtained in 288 (82%) patients. VV and AV timings were adjusted to 61% and 51%, respectively. In 3%, biventricular pacing was turned off and in 3% left ventricular (LV) only pacing was programmed. The LVEF and NYHA class showed significant improvements in all patients who underwent CRT optimization. Conclusions: CRT optimization remains valuable in improving LVEF and functional status measured using the NYHA class in all patients receiving CRT devices.
Correlation between Lactate Dehydrogenase to Albumin Ratio and the Prognosis of Patients with Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Ye Lili , Lu Jianhong , Yuan Meng , Min Jie , Zhong Lei , Xu Junfei
Published: February 2024

Background: Cardiac arrest (CA) is a common event in the intensive care unit (ICU), which seriously threatens the prognosis of patients. Therefore, it is crucial to determine a simple and effective clinical indicator to judge the prognosis of patients after a CA for later treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio (LAR) and the prognosis of patients after a CA. Methods: The clinical data of participants was obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV, v2.0; 2008 to 2019). According to the 30-day prognosis, patients were divided into a survivors group (n = 216) and a non-survivors group (n = 304). The optimal LAR threshold was determined using restricted cubic spline (RCS), which divided patients into a high LAR group (≥15.50, n = 257) and a low LAR group (<15.50, n = 263). The ICU hospitalization and 30-day accumulative survival curves of the two groups were plotted following the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the relationship between the LAR and the prognosis of CA patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the LAR on 30-day all-cause mortality, and sensitivity analysis was used to check the reliability of the findings. Results: A total of 520 patients with CA were enrolled and the 30-day mortality was 58.46%. The LAR in the non-survivors group was higher than in the survivors group. The RCS showed a linear trend relationship between the LAR and the mortality risk in patients during their ICU stay and 30 days; moreover, as the LAR increased, so did the risk of mortality. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve showed that compared with the low LAR group, the cumulative survival rates of ICU hospitalization and 30 days were lower in the high LAR group among CA patients (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that an elevated LAR (≥15.50) was an independent risk factor for mortality during ICU stay and 30 days (p < 0.005). ROC analysis suggested that the LAR was superior to the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in predicting the 30-day all-cause mortality in CA patients (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.676, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.629–0.723). To verify the reliability of our findings, we performed sensitivity analyses and found that the findings were reliable. Conclusions: An elevated LAR might be a predictor of mortality in patients following a CA during ICU hospitalization and 30 days, thereby it can be used to provide a reference for the clinical management of these patients.
Bridging Over Troubled Waters—How the United States 2018 Heart Allocation System Altered Transplant Bridging Strategies
Authors: James Les , Smith Deane E.
Published: February 2024

As we approach the five-year anniversary of the 2018 heart allocation system in the United States, it is imperative to consider the changing landscape of mechanical circulatory support and the strategies used to bridge patients into heart transplants. This manuscript reviews the history of the heart allocation system, as well as the conditions that led to its multiple revisions. We discuss initial outcomes following the implementation of the new allocation system, including the impact on waitlist mortality and post-transplant outcomes. We also give special consideration to changes in bridging strategies using venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO), intra-aortic balloon pumps, and durable left ventricular assist devices (LVADs).
Chest Pain: Wellens Syndrome Due to Spontaneous Dissection of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery — A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Clemente Giuseppe , Quaranta Cosimo , Basso Maria Grazia , Pintus Chiara , Rizzo Giuliana , Vullo Celeste , Bruno Silvia , Castro Francesca , Puccio Danilo , Nola Roberto , Novo Giuseppina , Corrado Egle , Tuttolomondo Antonino
Published: February 2024

Wellens syndrome is an abnormal electrocardiographic pattern characterized by biphasic (type A) or deeply inverted (type B) T waves in leads V2–V3. It is typically caused by temporary obstruction of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery due to the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque leading to occlusion. Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome and even a rarer cause of Wellens Syndrome. It occurs when an intramural hematoma forms, leading to the separation of the tunica intima from the outer layers and creating a false lumen that protrudes into the real lumen, ultimately reducing blood flow and thus resulting in myocardial infarction. Here we report a case of SCAD presenting as an acute coronary syndrome with self-resolving chest pain, slightly elevated myocardial necrosis markers and electrocardiographic changes consistent with Wellens pattern type A first, and type B afterwards, that were not present upon arrival to the emergency department.
Quality of Life and Safety Outcomes after First-Line Treatment of Symptomatic AF with Cryoablation or Drug Therapy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Song Qingchun , Tan Haoyu , Yang Benli , Liu Hongduan , Fan Chengming
Published: February 2024

Background: Cryoablation has emerged as a recognized interventional strategy for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Numerous trials have investigated cryoablation as a first-line therapy for AF. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of cryoablation on quality of life (QoL) and safety outcomes compared to antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) in patients with symptomatic AF. Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing cryoablation and AADs as first-line treatments for AF until May 2023. Continuous outcome data were analyzed using mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and dichotomous outcome data were analyzed using relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. The primary outcomes assessed were QoL and serious adverse events. Results: Our analysis included four RCTs involving 928 patients. Cryoablation was associated with a significant improvement in the AF Effect on Quality of Life (AFEQT) score (3 trials; MD 7.46, 95% CI 2.50 to 12.42; p = 0.003; I2 = 79%) and EQ-VAS score (2 trials; MD 1.49, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.86; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%) compared to AAD therapy. Additionally, cryoablation demonstrated a modest increase in EQ-5D score from baseline compared to AAD therapy, with no statistically significance (2 trials; MD 0.03, 95% CI –0.01 to 0.07; p = 0.07; I2 = 79%). Furthermore, the rate of serious adverse events was significantly lower with cryoablation compared to AAD therapy (4 trials; 11.8% vs. 16.3%; RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54–1.00; p = 0.05; I2 = 0%). Cryoablation was also associated with a reduction in overall adverse events, incidence of persistent AF, hospitalizations, and additional ablation. However, there was no significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular events and emergency department visits between the two treatment groups. Conclusions: Cryoablation, as a first-line treatment for symptomatic AF patients, significantly improved AF-specific quality of life and reduced serious adverse events, as well as overall adverse events, persistent AF, hospitalizations, and additional ablation compared to AADs.
The genus Fomitopsis (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) reconsidered
Authors: Spirin V. , Runnel K. , Vlasák J. , Viner I. , Barrett M.D. , Ryvarden L. , Bernicchia A. , Rivoire B. , Ainsworth A.M. , Grebenc T. , Cartabia M. , Niemelä T. , Larsson K. H. , Miettinen O.
Published: February 2024

Based on seven- and three-gene datasets, we discuss four alternative approaches for a reclassification of Fomitopsidaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota). After taking into account morphological diversity in the family, we argue in favour of distinguishing three genera only,
viz. Anthoporia, Antrodia andFomitopsis. Fomitopsis becomes a large genus with 128 accepted species, containing almost all former Fomitopsis spp. and most species formerly placed in Antrodia, Daedalea and Laccocephalum. Genera
Buglossoporus, Cartilosoma, Daedalea, Melanoporia, Neolentiporus, alongside twenty others, are treated as synonyms of Fomitopsis. This generic scheme allows for morphologically distinct genera in Fomitopsidaceae, unlike other schemes we considered.
We provide arguments for retaining Fomitopsis and suppressing earlier (Daedalea, Caloporus) or simultaneously published generic names (Piptoporus) considered here as its synonyms. Taxonomy of nine species complexes in the genus is revised based on ITS, ITS +TEF1,
ITS +TEF1 +RPB1 and ITS +TEF1 +RPB2 datasets. In total, 17 species are described as new to science, 26 older species are reinstated and 26 currently accepted species names are relegated to synonymy. A condensed identification key for all accepted species in the
genus is provided.
A good transition is just key”: The views and experiences of disability support staff in supporting autistic students transition to university
Authors: Davies Jade , Bagnall Charlotte
Published: February 2024

Background: The transition to university can be challenging for all students. However, the transition to university might be especially challenging for autistic students because of changes in routines, environments, and expectations. Support during this period is important for well-being and academic success, yet autistic students report facing barriers when accessing adequate support. Although disability support staff play a vital role, their perspectives regarding effective transition support have been overlooked.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 disability support staff from seven UK universities to examine the following: (1) the support they offer autistic students during the transition to university and (2) their recommendations for improving support. We analyzed the data using content analysis and reflexive thematic analysis.Results: Staff described the transition to university as an ongoing process rather than an event in time. They also highlighted that the transition to university transition is complex and multidimensional, involving simultaneous changes across various life domains. Relatedly, they reported offering diverse academic (e.g., in-class support) and nonacademic (e.g., social groups) transition supports. Nonetheless, they acknowledged barriers in providing comprehensive support, including lacking resources and relying on students to self-advocate their needs. We generated three overarching themes related to staff’s recommendations for improving transition support for autistic students: (1) a need for comprehensive preparation and sustained support, (2) fostering positive communication between stakeholders, and (3) curating an accessible and inclusive university culture.Conclusion: Although disability support staff demonstrate dedication toward facilitating successful transitions for autistic students, barriers exist limiting effective support provision. Implementing universal design principles may foster accessibility and alleviate pressures on individual services. Enhancing communication between stakeholders could also optimize transition support.
Wave Scattering by an Isolated Cyclogeostrophic Vortex
Authors: Uncu Jeffrey , Grisouard Nicolas
Published: February 2024

The propagation paths of oceanic internal tides are influenced by their interactions with vortices. We examine the scattering effect that an isolated vortex in (cyclo)geostrophic balance has on a rotating shallow-water plane wave. We run a suite of simulations in which we vary the non-dimensional vorticity of the vortex, $Ro$, the relative scale of the vortex size to the Rossby radius of deformation, $Bu$, and the size of the vortex compared to the plane wave wavelength, $K$. We compare the scattered wave flux pattern to ray-tracing predictions. Ray tracing predictions are relatively insensitive to $K$ in the $10.2$, it plateaus following a sigmoid
The effect of global and regional solar shading on climate: A simulation study
Authors: Agyemang-Oko Ernest , Yang Hu , Shi Xiaoxu , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: February 2024

The potential climate impact of solar geoengineering is examined using climate model simulations by artificially reducing the incoming solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere. Climate scenario simulations indicate that a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide (2xCO2) induces a surface temperature rise which is amplified over the poles primarily during the respective winter. The warming also causes intensification and poleward shift of the global precipitation pattern. In our model, a 2.1% globally uniform solar reduction can largely compensate the global mean warming caused by a doubling of CO2. We find that solar shading is efficient to restore the temperature at the region where the background sunshine is strong, regionally at low-latitudes, seasonally during summer. Solar shading would lead to an overall weakening of the global hydrological cycle, resulting in a large-scale drought. A 3.6% solar reduction in the tropics can largely reduce the tropical and global warming as well. However, it reduces the precipitation at the central tropics, while increase the precipitation over the monsoon region. Comparatively, a 14% solar reduction over the poles can effectively prevent the polar summer temperature increase and sea-ice retreat. However, caused by the increased temperature gradient, polar solar shading increases the storm activity at high-latitudes, especially during summer when the solar reduction reaches its maximum amplitude. Our simulations show that solar shading could be an effective way to stabilize the polar cryosphere. Nevertheless, it has a strong impact on the hydrological cycle and provides a heterogenous regional climate signal.
Cultural challenges for adapting behavioral intervention frameworks: A critical examination from a cultural psychology perspective
Authors: Fischer Ronald , Karl Johannes Alfons
Published: February 2024

We introduce the bias and equivalence framework to highlight how concepts, methods, and tools from cultural psychology can contribute to successful cultural adaptation and implementation of behavioral interventions. To situate our contribution, we provide a review of recent cultural adaptation research and existing frameworks. We identified 68 different frameworks that have been cited when reporting cultural adaptations and highlight three major adaptation dimensions that can be used to differentiate adaptations. Regarding effectiveness, we found an average effect size of z¬r = .24 (95%CI .20, 29) in 24 meta-analyses published since 2014, but also substantive differences across domains and unclear effects of the extent of cultural adaptations. To advance cultural adaptation efforts, we outline a framework that integrates key steps from previous cultural adaptation frameworks and highlight how cultural bias and equivalence considerations in conjunction with community engagement help a) in the diagnosis of behavioral or psychological problems, b) identification of possible interventions, c) the selection of specific mechanisms of behavior change, d) the specification and documentation of dose effects and thresholds for diagnosis, e) entry and exit points within intervention programs, and f) cost-benefit-sustainability discussions. We provide guiding questions that may help researchers when adapting interventions to novel cultural contexts.
Are Beliefs about “Being a Man” Associated with White American Men’s Self-Perceptions about Confronting Racism?
Authors: Simon Stefanie , Reiman Anna
Published: February 2024

We examined the relationship between White American men’s endorsement of precarious manhood (i.e., the belief that manhood is a status that must be earned, needs to be demonstrated in public, and can be lost) and their beliefs about confronting racism targeting Black people. Three preregistered studies revealed that White men from the U.S. who scored higher on precarious manhood beliefs were less motivated to confront racism (Studies 1 & 3; Ns=398 & 447), reported they would view themselves negatively if they confronted racism (Studies 1-3), and reported more negative attitudes toward Black people in general (Study 3). Exploratory free-response data from Study 2 (N=366) showed that the more strongly White men endorsed precarious manhood, the less likely they were to report they would feel proud of themselves for confronting racism. Together, these findings suggest that White men’s precarious manhood beliefs may represent a hindrance to confronting racism.
Convergence of emotions: Correlational and experimental evidence for emotional contagion and egocentricity
Authors: Tam Katy Yuen Yan , van Tilburg Wijnand A. P. , Chan Christian Shaunlyn
Published: February 2024

Convergence of emotions between people is ascribed in one area of research to the transfer of others’ emotions to oneself (emotional contagion), and in another as a projection of one’s own emotions onto others (emotional egocentricity). The current research sought to reconcile these two accounts by testing them simultaneously in a correlational study that measured these processes (Study 1, N = 88), and an experiment that manipulated both (Study 2, N = 329). Findings replicate the phenomenon that participants’ emotions tended to converge with the emotional expressions displayed by others. We found evidence for both emotional contagion—where others’ emotional expressions influenced that of participants—and evidence for emotional egocentricity—where participants projected their own emotions onto others. The latter occurs when others’ emotional expressions are ambiguous. These findings break new ground in the important area of emotional contagion by showing, for the first time, the cumulative effects of these processes.
Stage 2 Registered Report: Testing mediumship accuracy with a triple-blind protocol
Authors: Tressoldi Patrizio , Liberale Laura , Sinesio Fernando
Published: February 2024

In this study, we investigated if self-defined mediums could retrieve information about specific deceased persons in an unconventional way, that is, without retrieving the information from the parents or friends of the deceased person or by other conventional means. To our knowledge, this is the first registered report related to this phenomenon.Our experimental design is triple-blinded: the mediums and their interviewer will only know the first name of the deceased person and the requesting person. The deceased person's parents or close friends will not interact in any way with the medium. Furthermore, they will be blind about which of two lists of information (readings) paired with deceased persons of the same gender is related to their parents or friends. Accuracy of information has been analyzed by three criteria: (1) percentage of correct identification of the readings related to the requested person; (2) comparison of the global scores (on a scale of 1 to 6) assigned to the intended readings with that of control readings; and (3) comparison of the difference between the percentage of correct minus incorrect information identified in the intended readings with that of the control readings.Results: Only criteria 2, was confirmed. This registered report can be an example of how it is possible to study a controversial phenomenon, such as mediumship, with the best methodological scientific tools.
The Psychology of Science Rejection
Authors: Rutjens Bastiaan T , Hornsey Matthew
Published: February 2024

On the back of concerns that society is entering a post-truth, “anti-enlightenment” phase, the last decade has seen an explosion of research on the psychology of science rejection. Traditional understandings of this phenomenon have relied on so-called deficit models: that rejection of science is underpinned by lack of exposure to information or an inability to process scientific information. In this chapter we discuss two recent approaches that supplement this understanding: (1) the Attitude Roots model, which focuses on the role of ideologies, worldviews, identities and fears in shaping science beliefs, and (2) the Psychological Distance to Science model, which views science rejection as a downstream consequence of people perceiving science as detached from the self in the here and now. By building bridges across these approaches, we hope to pave the way for future research efforts aimed at uncovering a more complete understanding of the causes of science rejection across domains. This understanding is important for further theory development, and is a key ingredient for crafting strategies and interventions to defuse the myriad problems associated with science rejection.
Effects of Phonological Awareness and Rapid Automatized Naming on Early Reading and Spelling in Brazilian Children: A longitudinal study
Authors: Silva Patrícia Botelho , Cardoso Amanda Douat , Serpa Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira , de Abreu Pascale Engel , Macedo Elizeu Coutinho
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The development of strong literacy skills requires foundational skills, and literacy difficulties may arise if these skills are insufficiently developed. Among the significant predictors of early literacy skills are phonological awareness (PA) and rapid automatized naming (RAN). The predictive impact of these factors is modulated by variables like grade level, instructional methods, and the orthographic and linguistic characteristics of the language used for literacy education. Objectives. This study investigates the influence of PA and RAN on the literacy development of children in the process of learning to read and write in the Portuguese language. Methods. Eighty-three children (47% girls) were selected as participants from two private primary schools in Brazil, and they were monitored over a span of three consecutive school years. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to determine the stability of the RAN internal structure at each grade level and to identify potential measurement bias. Longitudinal path analysis was employed to explore the developmental relationships between PA, RAN and reading and spelling skills in Portuguese. Results. The findings showed that PA was a strong predictor of word-level reading, sentence-level reading, and spelling. Phonemic awareness emerged as the most reliable predictor of all three literacy abilities. RAN predicted word- and sentence-level reading: Both alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric components were found to be predictors of the literacy process, with the alphanumeric component exhibiting a more pronounced effect on word reading with advanced schooling. Conclusion. This study showed that both PA and RAN made important contributions to literacy development in Portuguese, with the alphanumeric of RAN component exhibiting a more pronounced effect on word reading with advancing schooling deferentially from the PA. However, the predictive power of these abilities varied depending on the grade level and specific literacy domain assessed.
Improving Attention Using Wearables via Haptic and Multimodal Rhythmic Stimuli
Authors: Whitmore Nathan , Chan Samantha , Zhang Jingru , Chwalek Patrick , Chin Sam , Maes Pattie
Published: February 2024

Rhythmic light, sound and haptic stimuli can improve cognition through neural entrainment and by modifying autonomic nervous system function. However, the effects and user experience of using wearables for inducing such rhythmic stimuli have been under-investigated. We conducted a study with 20 participants to understand the effects of rhythmic stimulation wearables on attention. We found that combined sound and light stimuli from a glasses device provided the strongest improvement to attention but were the least usable and socially acceptable. Haptic vibration stimuli from a wristband also improved attention and were the most usable and socially acceptable. Our field study (N=12) with haptic stimuli from a smartwatch showed that such systems can be easy to use and were used frequently in a range of contexts but more exploration is needed to improve the comfort. Our work contributes to developing future wearables to support attention and cognition.
Kognitive Aktivierung in der Unterrichtsinteraktion. Eine qualitativ-rekonstruktive Analyse zu Passungsverhältnissen im Mathematikunterricht
Authors: Schreyer Patrick
Published: February 2024

Kognitive Aktivierung gilt als ein zentrales Merkmal der Unterrichtsqualitätsforschung. Ein kognitiv aktivierender Unterricht soll Schüler*innen dazu anregen, intensiv über Lehrinhalte nachzudenken, um ein vertieftes Verständnis zu erlangen. Über die grundlegende Anregung hinausgehend untersucht diese Arbeit aus einer qualitativ-rekonstruktiven Perspektive, wie Schüler*innen auf verschiedene Impulse im Unterricht eingehen und welche dynamischen Interaktionen im Lehr- und Lernprozess daraus resultieren. Durch die Anwendung der Dokumentarischen Methode auf Unterrichtsvideos aus dem Mathematikunterricht der Sekundarstufe I werden drei distinkte Aktivierungstypen identifiziert. Dieser Ansatz ermöglicht es, kognitive Aktivierung nicht nur als didaktisches Prinzip zu fassen, sondern auch die interaktionalen Zusammenhänge und die Art und Weise der Prozessierung potenziell kognitiv aktivierender Impulse im Unterricht besser zu verstehen.
Labor Market Information System: A Review of Some Practices
Authors: Shrestha Rajendra
Published: February 2024

Accurate and up-to-date labor market information system, which is conducted with the involvement of public decision markers, technical and vocational education and training (TVET) practitioners, employers and their associations, employee associations, training providers and learners, is an essential feature of a successful TVET system. Similarly, engagement of multiple TVET stakeholders is an important component of overall skills development system which leads to developing responsive labor market skill needs, supporting prioritized economic sectors to foster dialogue among the stakeholders to maintain balance demand and supply of labor right. It enhances integration of labor market requirements in the overall training and skills development cycle and ensures that trainees acquire market-relevant skills for their employability and self-employment. In the context of changing labor market conditions, collecting, compiling, analyzing, and disseminating current and future needs from the TVET customers can support better matching for training and employment. As labor markets are constantly evolving and changing, labor market analysis therefore needs to be conducted on a regular basis so that real time labor market information can be obtained. But the active and regular labor market information process is underexplored in a developing country like Nepal. The main objective of the article is to explore the common practices of Nepali labor market information system and the problems faced by the TVET system. Thus, the article addresses the information gap by diving deep into the clear understanding of labor market, practices of labor market information processes in some South Asian countries, including Nepal and issues and challenges facing the Nepali labor market information process.
Enhancing Performance of Health Assistants through Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Better Healthcare Access
Authors: Basnet Rojina , Karki Pyakurel Chetan
Published: February 2024

This is a review article exploring critical role of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs in advancing capacities of health assistants and consequently strengthening healthcare access to the rural population in Nepal. The review was planned in the wake of the existing literatures on the study area that lacks a comprehensive examination to explores the role of health assistants in Nepal's healthcare delivery and assess the importance of TVET on their performance. A methodical literature search was conducted using various electronic databases like Google scholar and PubMed applying specific keywords, such as “Health Assistant", "Health Care Access", "Technical Education", "Vocational Education and Training”. It encompassed the studies published in the English language without limiting publication date, while the involved two authors independently evaluated the published articles' eligibility. These authors also carried out data extraction, culminating in a narrative summary of the findings. Of the total 37 literatures, most of them reported health assistant trained through TVET, play a vital role in improvement of healthcare access, thereby addressing the challenges. They bridge gaps in medical access, provide essential care, and promote community well-being, particularly in the underserved areas. TVET programs enhance skills through practical experiences and comprehensive training, resulting into significant improvement in healthcare access, especially in rural regions. Integrating innovative teaching methods and collaborations further enhances health assistant preparedness. Challenges, such as funding limitations and rural-urban divides persist, but opportunities exist in e-learning initiatives, partnerships, and professional development to improve health assistant education. Improving healthcare in Nepal by inculcating better skills to health assistants can address many healthcare problems.
«Altre anestesie»
Authors: Bottero Stefano
Published: February 2024

L’articolo presenta una riflessione critica su Historiae di Antonella Anedda (Einaudi, 2018). L’analisi è condotta secondo una metodologia parimenti ermeneutico-testuale e critico-filosofica, ed è focalizzata sulle implicazioni e sulle declinazioni dell’orizzonte tragico nel frangente compositivo del testo. Particolare attenzione è dedicata alle questioni di concezione poetica e ontologica dell’autrice, affrontate con approccio comparatistico. Lo scopo dello studio è quello di fornire un approfondimento sul tema, allargato, del tragico aneddiano, che risponde programmaticamente alla definizione di effettività metastorica, in quanto implicazione di irrimediabilità esistenziale.
 
English title: «Other Anesthetics». Reflections on Poetics and Tragic Ontology in Historiae
The article presents a critical reflection on Antonella Anedda’s Historiae (Einaudi, 2018). The analysis focuses on the declinations of the concept of tragic in the poietic scope of the text. A methodology both hermeneutic and critical-philosophical is adopted. The research addresses the poetic and ontological conception of the author and approaches them comparatively. The main purpose is to provide an insight into Anedda’s literary perspective on the theme of tragic, which she identifies as a metahistorical effectiveness determined by existential irremediability.
«Onzi tandu naro una limba mia»
Authors: Cianfoni Mario
Published: February 2024

L’articolo si propone di analizzare la produzione in lingua sarda di Antonella Anedda. A partire dalla raccolta Dal balcone del corpo si mettono in evidenza i principali snodi tematici connessi a questa particolare zona creativa della poesia aneddiana, relazionandoli con quelli maggiori presenti anche negli altri libri della poetessa. A conclusione del discorso si propone una interpretazione che indaga i motivi e le implicazioni intertestuali comportate dalla scelta del dialetto sardo, inteso dall’autrice come una lingua “ibrida” che di necessità si relaziona con il proprio vissuto esistenziale.

 

The article aims to analyze Antonella Anedda's poems in Sardinian language. Starting from the collection Dal balcone del corpo, the article point out the major themes inside Anedda’s works and investigates reasons and intertextual implications involved in the choice of the Sardinian dialect, understood by the author as a "hybrid" language that necessarily relates to one's own existential experience.
La caduta di Icaro
Authors: Bassi Giulia
Published: February 2024

A partire dal dialogo tra arte, ambienti raffigurati e scrittura nelle prose di Geografie, il saggio indaga i dispositivi formali adottati da Anedda nella rappresentazione degli spazi. Vengono prese in analisi le strategie narrative utilizzate per scardinare la dialettica tra spazio umano, risultato di una stratificazione temporale e culturale, e paesaggio indipendente dalla presenza umana: questa postura antiantropocentrica, insieme con gli elementi formali che ne derivano, fanno reagire l’opera di Anedda con la linea darwiniano-leopardiana che, nel Novecento, arriva fino a Italo Calvino.
 
English title: 'The Fall of Icarus. On spaces and forms in Anedda's Geografie'
Starting from the dialogue between art, depicted environments and writing in the prose of Geografie, this essay investigates the formal devices adopted by Anedda in representing spaces. The essay analyzes the narrative strategies used to unhinge the dialectic between human space, as a result of temporal and cultural stratification, and landscape, as a space independent from human presence: this anti-anthropocentric posture, together with the formal elements that derive from it, make Anedda's work react with the Darwinian-Leopardian line that, in the twentieth century, reaches an author like Italo Calvino.
Soglie dell'impermanenza
Authors: Baldacci Alessandro
Published: February 2024

The article focuses on the relevance of space in Antonella Anedda's work, understood as an experience of openness to reality and history, as well as loss of protection and guarantees. It is then highlighted how the author's poetics of space can be usefully placed in dialogue with Benjamin's reflection in the Passages on "threshold experiences". Subsequently, the article aims to show the peculiarity of the reception by Anedda of the German-speaking poet Paul Celan, in an ethical rather than an aesthetic or merely existential key, starting precisely from a proximity regarding the relationship between the poetic word and "threshold words", between silence and the need to speak (and testify), in both authors.