bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic calculation of ternary Al–Ca–Mg phase equilibria
Authors: Gröbner Joachim , Kevorkov Dmytro , Chumak Igor , Schmid-Fetzer Rainer
Published: February 2022

The ternary Al –Ca –Mg phase equlibria were investigated using X-ray diffraction methods, metallography, scanning electron microscopy with energy- and wave-length-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, and differential thermal analysis. The phase diagram was determined in the complete composition range. Large ternary solubilities were found for the binary phases CaMg2, Al2Ca and Al3Ca8. Microstructures of samples with compositions near the ternary monovariant eutectic L → CaMg2 + Al2Ca show remarkable rod-like crystals that are identified as intergrowth between CaMg2 and Al2Ca. A consistent thermodynamic model was developed using the Calphad method incorporating all experimental data. It was used to calculate all pertinent phase equilibria of the Al –Ca –Mg system.
Residual stresses in forged IN718 turbine discs
Authors: Cihak Ulrike , Staron Peter , Marketz Wilfried , Leitner Harald , Tockner Johann , Clemens Helmut
Published: February 2022

Residual stresses play an important role in the production of forged components like turbine discs. Variations in the processing parameters can lead to different residual stress states, which complicate subsequent processing steps, e. g. turning to the final shape. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the residual stress evolution during thermo-mechanical processing and the resulting distortions during machining is essential in order to optimize the manufacturing process with respect to cost efficiency and quality of the product. Consequently, the development of residual stresses in a forged turbine disc made of nickel-based superalloy IN718 was simulated using a finite element (FE) model. The experimental verification of the model was done by independently performed neutron strain scanning. For the studied forged and subsequently water-quenched disc the obtained residual stresses agree well with the stresses predicted by the used FE.
Thin-film InGaAs metamorphic buffer for telecom C-band InAs quantum dots and optical resonators on GaAs platform
Authors: Sittig Robert , Nawrath Cornelius , Kolatschek Sascha , Bauer Stephanie , Schaber Richard , Huang Jiasheng , Vijayan Ponraj , Pruy Pascal , Portalupi Simone Luca , Jetter Michael , Michler Peter
Published: February 2022

The GaAs-based material system is well-known for hosting InAs quantum dots (QDs) with outstanding optical properties, typically emitting at a wavelength of around 900 nm. The insertion of a metamorphic buffer (MMB) can shift this emission to the technologically attractive telecom C-band range centered at 1550 nm. However, the thickness of common MMB designs (>1 μm) limits their compatibility with most photonic resonator types. Here, we report on the metal–organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth of a novel InGaAs MMB with a nonlinear indium content grading profile designed to maximize plastic relaxation within minimal layer thickness. This allows us to achieve the necessary transition of the lattice constant and to provide a smooth surface for QD growth within 180 nm. Single-photon emission at 1550 nm from InAs QDs deposited on top of this thin-film MMB is demonstrated. The strength of the new design is proven by integrating it into a bullseye cavity via nano-structuring techniques. The presented advances in the epitaxial growth of QD/MMB structures form the basis for the fabrication of high-quality telecom nonclassical light sources as a key component of photonic quantum technologies.
A generalized method for calculating plasmoelectric potential in non-Mie-resonant plasmonic systems
Authors: Xu Yunkun , Fan Yulong , Qing Ye Ming , Cui Tie Jun , Lei Dangyuan
Published: February 2022

Since its first observation in 2014, plasmoelectric potential (PEP) has drawn a great deal of research interest in all-metal optoelectronics and photochemistry. As an optical thermodynamic phenomenon induced by the electron number dependent equilibrium temperature in plasmonic nanostructures, the early theoretical model developed for calculating PEP is only applicable to Mie-resonant nanostructures, such as a gold nanosphere on a conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate, where the transfer efficiency of hot electrons from gold to ITO can be analytically determined. Without the presence of the substrate, the temperature increase on the gold nanosphere induced by plasmonic absorption was calculated on the basis of thermal radiation in vacuum, which probably over-estimates the actual temperature increase in comparison to realistic experimental conditions. Here, we propose an equilibrium-thermodynamics computational method to quantify the actual efficiency of plasmon-induced electron transfer between a non-Mie-resonant metallic nanostructure and a conductive substrate and hence determine the resultant plasmoelectric potential. With a less than 2.5% relative error in predicting the steady-state temperature of a Mie-resonant nanoparticle in vacuum, and a more strict evaluation of the plasmonic local heating induced temperature increase in a single plasmonic nanostructure or an array of such structures under continuous-wave illumination (CWI), our generalized method provides a robust and accurate approach for quantifying PEP in various plasmonic-particle (array)-on-film nanocavities.
Nanophotonic devices based on magneto-optical materials: recent developments and applications
Authors: Qin Jun , Xia Shuang , Yang Weihao , Wang Hanbing , Yan Wei , Yang Yucong , Wei Zixuan , Liu Wenen , Luo Yi , Deng Longjiang , Bi Lei
Published: February 2022

Interaction between light and magnetism in magneto-optical (MO) nanophotonic devices has been actively studied in the past few years. The recent development of MO all-dielectric resonators and metasurfaces has led to the emergence of various novel MO phenomena that were not observed in their bulk counterparts. For example, a large s-polarized transverse MO Kerr effect can be observed at magnetic resonance wavelength, which cannot exist in the bare MO films. We review recent developments in nanophotonic devices based on MO materials and focus on different modes and related MO effects in nanophotonic structures with emphasis on recently discovered new MO phenomena in magnetoplasmonics and all-dielectric nanostructures, such as dark mode, all-dielectric Mie resonance and waveguide mode. Further, we discuss the potential applications of these nanostructures for biological/chemical sensing, magnetic field sensing, and magnetic field-controlled active and nonreciprocal metasurfaces.
Automation Processes in the Port Industry and Union Strategies: The Case of Antwerp
Authors: Bottalico Andrea
Published: February 2022

Automation represents a sensitive issue in the debate between social actors of the port-maritime industry. Automation produced a contraction of the number of dockworkers since the 1960s. However, the idea that technological innovation will produce the disappearance of work is not sustained by empirical evidence. For this reason, trade unions have been particularly watchful. Despite the discourses about robotization carried out by supply chain operators, the paradigm of the post-COVID logistics chain is still based upon the human labor cost. During the pandemic there has been a transformation in working conditions not in terms of replacing people with robots, but rather of the robotization of workers to obtain the maximum productive exploitation at the minimum wage allowed. The purpose of this article is to provide an analysis of labor relations and workers organizing in light of the automation processes in the European port of Antwerp. The article focuses on how working conditions and jobs are potentially impacted by automation in ports, and on how workers disruptive strategies are resisting to these dynamics. The following questions have been answered: How do trade unions and dockworkers respond to automation? What are the strategies implemented in the bargaining processes?
A highly sensitive nanobiosensor based on aptamer-conjugated graphene-decorated rhodium nanoparticles for detection of HER2-positive circulating tumor cells
Authors: Sadeghi Mahdi , Kashanian Soheila , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Askari Esfandyar , Haghiralsadat Fateme , Tofighi Davood
Published: February 2022

Assessment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) tumor marker status is an impressive factor in screening, diagnosing and monitoring breast cancer (BC). The electrochemical biosensor is a revolutionary method in cancer diagnosis, which is used in this research to detect HER2+circulating tumor cells. The electrochemical activity, size, shape, and morphology of the synthesized nanomaterials were analyzed. The hybrid nanocomposite established by the coupling of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGONs) and rhodium nanoparticles (Rh-NPs) on the surface of graphite electrode resulted in improved surface area, electrochemical activity, and biocompatibility. The graphite electrode-based aptasensor (g-aptasensor) demonstrated exceptional performance against HER2-overexpressed SKBR3 cancer cells, with a linear dynamic range of 5.0 to 10.0 × 104 cells/mL, an analytical limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1.0 cell/mL, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 3.0 cells/mL. The G-rich DNA aptamers can fold into an intermolecular G-quadruplex, which specifically bind to the target molecule. Consequently, the advantages of this highly efficient nanocomposite platform include broad dynamic range, high specificity, selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and low cost. These characteristics indicate that the fabricated nanobiosensor has a high potential for use in detecting and monitoring HER2 level for the care of BC patients and clinical diagnosis.
Media Exposure and Risk Perception as Predictors of Engagement in COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior Across Two Cultures
Authors: Hu Xuechen , Gao Xingjian , Xu Wenzhen , Takai Jiro
Published: February 2022

Purpose

This study examined the psychological and social factors that affect the performance of preventive behaviors toward COVID-19, by testing a model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Our model featured media exposure and social networking site (SNS) involvement, and we tested it in two highly contrasted cultures regarding COVID-19 attitudes: U.S. and Japan.

Method

An online survey collected 300 samples for each culture. Participation was voluntary, for monetary compensation through crowd-sourcing platforms.

Findings

Overall, the results showed a good fit of our TPB model in each culture. Media exposure was a major predictor of risk perception in both cultures, while engagement in SNS predicted intention to perform preventive behavior for the Japanese only, and personal hygiene was found to be a significant predictor of protective behavior once again only for the Japanese.

Implications and Value

While there were differences in the variables affecting preventive behaviors, overall, our proposed model proved to be robust across both cultures. Implications were made on differences between tight and loose cultures, as represented by Japan and the US, regarding COVID-19 preventive attitudes.
Organic food consumption and eating habit in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Ben Khadda Zineb , Ezrari Said , Radouane Nabil , Boutagayout Abdellatif , El Housni Zakariae , Lahmamsi Haïtam , Zahri Aziz , Houssaini Tarik Sqalli , El Ghadraoui Lahsen , Elamine Youssef , Guiné Raquel P. F.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the current study is to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected eating behavior and directed toward organic food and bioproducts consumption in the North African region especially Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia as well as identify the variables that may affect the eating behavior of these population. Data were collected using an anonymous online survey on 1,244 respondents from Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia. The results showed that the confinement did influence the consumption of healthy food to enhance people’s immune system so as to prevent infection by the COVID-19, and other diseases. Moreover, academic level, gender, and country of residence were diversely correlated with the eating behavior during COVID-19 confinement. The understanding of people’s eating behavior will help the public health to reshape future policies toward organic and bio-based food production; moreover, some further nutritional recommendations could be concluded to maintain a global better health status and improve body defence mechanism.
Confessional Discourses, Radicalizing Traditions: On John Caputo and the Theological Turn
Authors: Sands Justin
Published: February 2022

This article explores the theological turn through the work of John Caputo, who famously transitioned from a philosopher of religion to a “weak theologian,” and later as a “radical theologian.” In so doing it argues that Caputo’s work as a radical theologian is an attempt at a practical performance of religion without religion: he inhabits the discourse of theology while radicalizing the tradition against itself. This article will show the value of this theological approach and how Caputo needs to directly inhabit this discourse as a theologian – confessing to be a theologian, becoming one of “their own” – to change theology’s trajectory. This trajectorial shift is felt both inside the academy and within the church itself. Caputo’s transformation from a philosopher to a theologian is a move from a (philosophical) description to a (theological) prescription. It is a transition from theory to praxis, and he could not do this without inhabiting that praxis’ context and its discourses. In doing so, and perhaps unintentionally, Caputo surprisingly respects critics like Dominique Janicaud, whose strident critique against the theological turn was at its apotheosis during Caputo’s transition: Caputo never ventures into crypto-theology nor does he sneak in prescription under the guise of a “phenomenology,” as many philosophers of religion are wont to do. Rather, he sees that one needs to embody the discourse to change it, which, ironically, is a position that would gain the approval of both Dominique Janicaud and traditional theology.
Research progress of catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds over Mn-based catalysts – a review
Authors: Sui Chao , Zeng Shiping , Ma Xiangyu , Zhang Yue , Zhang JingXin , Xie XiaoMei
Published: February 2022

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, environmental pollution has become more severe. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be originated from the following sources: domestic, mobile and industrial sources. As important air pollutants, VOCs could cause serious harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, removing VOCs has become a priority research direction of ecological issues. Among the many elimination methods, catalytic oxidation approaches are among the most effective and economical methods which can transform VOCs into CO2 and H2O. MnOx catalysts are among the most active catalysts, which can be further modified by different cations such as Cu2+, Co2+, Cr3+, Ni2+ and Ce4+ to form mixed oxides to improve the catalytic oxidation of VOCs activity. Moreover, MnOx can be loaded on the carrier, improving the redox and oxygen storage capacity and improving its stability and activity. This review explores the structure, preparation and oxidation state of Mn-based catalysts.
Real-Time Visual Biofeedback via Wearable Ultrasound Imaging Can Enhance the Muscle Contraction Training Outcome of Young Adults
Authors: Huang Zi-Hao , Ma Christina Z.-H. , Wang Li-Ke , Wang Xiao-Yun , Fu Siu-Ngor , Zheng Yong-Ping
Published: February 2022

Huang, Z-H, Ma, CZ-H, Wang, L-K, Wang, X-Y, Fu, S-N, and Zheng, Y-P. Real-time visual biofeedback via wearable ultrasound imaging can enhance the muscle contraction training outcome of young adults. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 941–947, 2022—Real-time ultrasound imaging (RUSI) can serve as visual biofeedback to train deep muscle contraction in clinical rehabilitative settings. However, its effectiveness in resistance training in sports/fitness fields remains unexplored. This article introduced a newly developed wearable RUSI system that provided visual biofeedback of muscle thickening and movement and reported its effectiveness in improving the training outcomes of muscle thickness change (%) during dynamic contraction. Twenty-five healthy young men participated and performed pec fly exercise both with and without RUSI biofeedback. Statistical analysis was conducted to examine the reliability of the measurements and the immediate effects of (a) RUSI biofeedback of muscle contraction and (b) training intensity (50 vs. 80% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM]) on the pectoralis major (PMaj) thickness change measured by ultrasound images. In addition to significantly high inter-contraction reliability (ICC3,1 > 0.97), we observed significantly increased PMaj thickness change for both training intensities upon receiving biofeedback in subjects, compared with without biofeedback (p < 0.001). We also observed significantly larger PMaj thickness change at 80% of 1RM compared with 50% of 1RM (p = 0.023). The provision of visual biofeedback using RUSI significantly enlarged the magnitude of PMaj thickness change during pec fly exercises, potentially indicating that RUSI biofeedback could improve the ability of targeted muscle contraction of PMaj in healthy young adults. To our knowledge, this study has pioneered in applying RUSI as a form of biofeedback during weight training and observed positive effectiveness. Future iterations of the technique will benefit more subject groups, such as athletes and patients with neuromuscular disorders.
A Digital Image Analysis Technique for Improved Strain Measurement in Geosynthetic Tensile Testing
Authors: Poggiogalle Tyler M. , Meehan Christopher L. , Clarke-Sather Abigail R. , Talebi Majid
Published: February 2022

Tensile testing of geosynthetics for measurement of strength and stiffness plays a critical role in the selection and specification of these materials for civil engineering applications. Measurement of the tensile properties of geotextiles is commonly performed via the wide-width strip method, where wide-width specimens are gradually strained to failure while being held in tight-gripping jaws or wrapped roller grips. During testing, material strains are inferred from the relative displacement of the grips. This approach does not properly account for slippage of the material in the gripping jaws or around the roller grip windings. Moreover, it inherently assumes a uniform distribution of strain across the tested specimen, which is often not the case at failure, as can readily be observed from visual examination of tested specimens. To address these issues, this paper utilizes a simple digital image analysis technique, implemented using open source software tools, to improve strain measurements in geosynthetic tensile testing. The presented technique is simple to use, low-cost, and can be deployed easily using readily available technology, making this technique useful for geotechnical engineering practitioners and laboratory testing managers in a production environment. Results from wide-width geotextile tensile tests on a polypropylene woven fabric are presented and analyzed using this technique; tests conducted using both tight-gripping jaws and wrapped roller grips show significant slippage, stress concentrations, and nonuniform strains. The technique that was utilized allowed for improved strain characterization across the entirety of a given tested specimen, which in turn yielded enhanced interpretation of geotextile test results.
Irish Grassland Research — main achievements and advancements in the past 60 yrs and where to progress to next
Authors: O’Donovan M. , Dillon P. , Conaghan P. , Hennessy D.
Published: February 2022

In the last 60 yr Irish grassland production has increased substantially in no small part due to high-quality fundamental grassland research. Increased production from grassland has arisen from improved understanding (research and practice) of soil and plant nutrition, plant physiology and variety improvement, while improved understanding of feed evaluation, ruminant nutrition, grazing management and silage technology has contributed to increased utilisation of grassland. Annual grass DM production varies from 12.7 to 15.0 t DM/ha based on Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine grass variety trials. More recent data from PastureBase Ireland indicate that average annual grass production (2020) on efficient dairy and dry stock farms is 13.5 and 10.0 t DM/ha, respectively. Ireland is now one of the world leaders in grassland research, particularly in the area of grazing utilisation, the development and use of grassland databases, decision support systems and grass selection indices for grass varieties. Future pasture-based systems must extend beyond food production to deliver additional benefits to farmers, to consumers and the wider society. Future systems will require more robust grazing animals with healthier functional traits, more diverse swards supporting improved animal performance and require fewer fertiliser and chemical inputs, and will support more biodiversity and enhanced carbon storage.
Le tinkering au cœur du processus de résolution de problèmes en contexte de fabrication numérique à l’école
Authors: Furlong Caitlin , Léger Michel
Published: February 2022

À l’ère du 21e siècle, la littérature scientifique fait ressortir la résolution de problèmes comme l’une des compétences les plus recherchées par les employeurs à travers le monde. Cependant, peu d’écrits semblent s’être penchés sur le développement de cette compétence à l’école, surtout en contexte numérique. Au Nouveau-Brunswick, un changement de finalités de l’école implique davantage un enseignement axé sur les compétences, dont la résolution de problèmes. Par conséquent, appuyés par les écrits en technopédagogie, de nouveaux milieux d’apprentissage tels que les laboratoires de fabrication numérique peuvent représenter des environnements propices au développement de la résolution de problèmes. À partir d’un devis qualitatif interprétatif mené dans les laboratoires de fabrication numérique de deux écoles au Nouveau-Brunswick, l’analyse des résultats de la présente étude permet d’identifier le tinkering comme concept central dans les processus de résolution de problèmes. Notre recherche permet aussi de pointer vers d’autres éléments conceptuels importants entourant ce processus tel que l’étayage pédagogique et le degré d’autonomie des élèves. Enfin, notre étude confirme que la résolution de problèmes n’est pas un processus linéaire ; elle se déroule plutôt de façon itérative et peut être influencée par le niveau de compétences numériques des élèves.
A Cardiac Surgery Mini-Elective Increases Specialty Knowledge Acquisition Among Pre-Clinical Medical Students
Authors: Coyan Garrett , Kilcoyne Maxwell , Aranda-Michel Edgar , Serna-Gallegos Derek , Kilic Arman , Kinnunen Angela , Sultan Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

Background: The introduction of integrated thoracic surgery residency programs has led to increased recruitment efforts of medical students to pursue a career in cardiac surgery. With little representation of cardiac surgery in medical school curriculum, we assessed a cardiac surgery mini-elective's efficacy in improving perceived knowledge among medical students.
Methods: Preclinical medical students were offered the opportunity to participate in a cardiac surgery mini-elective, which consisted of five 2-hour sessions. These sessions consisted of didactic and simulation components and covered topics including cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), aortic disease, aortic valve replacement (AVR), transplant and left ventricular assist devices (LVAD), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Students completed pre- and post-session surveys describing their perceived knowledge in these topics.
Results: Overall, 22 students completed at least one session of the mini-elective. Fourteen (73.7%) of the students were male. Fifteen (68.2%) students completed at least three out of five sessions. The post-session survey responses showed significantly higher perceived knowledge compared with pre-session responses for all survey prompts of all five sessions. The CPB/ECMO and aortic disease sessions showed the greatest increase in post-session familiarity and perceived knowledge after the session (P < 0.001) compared with the CABG, AVR, and transplant/LVAD sessions (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Beyond developing interest in cardiac surgery, these data indicate that a well-planned didactic and surgical simulation program may build confidence in students' knowledge of various cardiac surgical topics. Further studies will need to address how this increase in perceived ability lasts over time and impacts career selection.
On Asymptotic Regge Trajectories of Heavy Meson Resonances
Authors: Bugaev K.A. , Nikonov E.G. , Sorin A.S. , Zinovjev G.M.
Published: February 2022

We performed the analysis of the asymptotic behavior of Regge trajectories of nonstrange and strange mesons and found that thewidth of heavy hadrons for these trajectories cannot linearly depend on their mass. Such a finding clearly demonstrates that a widely spread belief on the linear mass dependence of the resonance width contradicts the linearity of Regge trajectories on theMandelstam variable s. Using the data on masses and widths for ρJ––, ωJ––, aJ++,, and fJ++ mesons with the spin values J ≤ 6 and for K*J mesons with J ≤ 5, we extracted the parameters of the asymptotically linear Regge trajectories predicted by the finite-width model of quark gluon bags. It is shown that the parameters obtained for the data sets B and D are consistent with the cross-over temperaturedetermined by the lattice QCD simulations at the vanishing baryonic density and with the kinetic freeze-out temperature of early hadronizing particles found in relativistic heavy ion collisions at and above the highest SPS energy. Comparing the resonance width of sets B and D evaluated at the masses of Z and W bosons, respectively, we discovered that the calculated width values match that of the gauge bosons. We argue that such matches provide us with indirect, but the first experimental evidence for the compositeness of Z and W bosons. Based on these findings, we assume that Z,  W, and Higgs bosons have the Regge trajectories which are similar to the asymptotic trajectories of the studied mesons. The predictions for the masses and widths of the Regge partners of Z and W bosons and for the mass dependence of the widths of Higgs boson Regge partners along with the values for the mass and width of the scalar Higgs mesons are made as well.
To the Statistical Description of the Structure Formation in Coulomb-like Systems
Authors: Lev B.I. , Zagorodny A.G.
Published: February 2022

A new solution to the problem of the calculation of the partition function for a Coulomb-like system is proposed. The quantum-field-theory approach is used to give a statistical description of a system of interacting particles with due regard to an arbitrary spatially inhomogeneous configuration. The formation of structures in a Coulomb-like system is analyzed and applied to thedusty plasma treatment. A necessary condition for the crystal formation in a three-dimensional system of dust particles is obtained. In the one-dimensional case, an exact solution for the spatial distribution of charged particles is presented.
Kinetics of Thermal Excitation of a Molecule in a Condensed Medium
Authors: Teslenko V.I. , Iatsenko D.Y.
Published: February 2022

A microscopic model of thermal excitation of the vibrational ground state of a molecule interacting with a condensed medium is developed. The master equation for the evolution of occupancies of vibrational levels is derived. The rate constant limiting the process of molecular thermal excitation is determined analytically. It is shown that while this quantity is independent of the temperature at low temperatures, by coinciding with a rate speed limit for quantum transitions due to the uncertainty principle, it rises rather linearly with the temperature at high temperatures according to the Einstein's relation for adiabatic transitions.
Kinetics of Charge Transfer Processes in Molecular Junctions
Authors: Petrov E.G.
Published: February 2022

A kinetic master equation for state populations of a quantum system comprised of separate quantum subsystems, is derived. The equation allows one to describe the charge transfer processes in molecular junctions, where the molecule operates as a transmitter of electrons between the electrodes. Special attention is given to the derivation of contact and distant rate constants responsible for the formation of sequential (hopping) and direct (distant) components of the current, as well as for the time evolution of molecular state probabilities.
Low-mass Diffraction Dissociation at the LHC. Role of the Background
Authors: Jenkovszky L.L. , Kuprash O.E. , Magas V.K.
Published: February 2022

A dual model with a nonlinear proton Regge trajectory in the missing mass (M2X) channel is constructed. A background based on a direct-channel exotic trajectory, developed and applied earlier for the inclusive electron-proton cross section description in the nucleon resonance region, is used. The parameters of the model are determined from the extrapolations to earlier experiments. Predictions for the low-mass (2 < M2X < 8 GeV2) diffraction dissociation cross sections at the LHC energies are given.
Determination of the Frequency Dispersion Region of the Transport Coefficients of Classical Liquids Depending on the Character of Attenuation of Relaxing Flows
Authors: Odinaev S.
Published: February 2022

We consider the frequency dispersion region of the dynamic shear viscosity coefficient ηs (ω) of simple liquids obtained by the method of kinetic equations, where the equilibrium structure of a liquid is restored according to the diffusion law or exponentially. At a certain choice of the intermolecular interaction potential Φ (|r|) and the equilibrium radial distribution function g0 (|r|), the coefficient ηs (ω) for liquid argon was numerically calculated as a function of the density ρ, temperature T, and frequency ω. The obtained theoretical values of the shear viscosity ηs (ω) are in a satisfactory quantitative agreement with experimental data. It is shown that the frequency dispersion region of ηs (ω) obtained on the basis of the diffusive mechanism, i.e. structural relaxation, is large (~ 105 Hz). In the case of the exponential attenuation of the viscous stress tensor, this region is narrow (~ 102 Hz), which agrees both with acoustic measurements and the results of a phenomenological theory.
Гібридизація компонент у тонких гранульованих плівках нанокомпозита C60−Cu
Authors: Дмитренко О.П. , Павленко О.Л. , Куліш М.П. , Заболотний М.А. , Корнієнко М.Є. , Брусенцов В.А. , Рибій В.М. , Шпілевський Е.М.
Published: February 2022

Методом вакуумного співосадження атомів міді і молекул С60 одержано тонкі гранульовані плівки нанокомпозита С60–Cu ізвмістом Cu 80 ат.%, 34 ат.% та 8 ат.%. Ці плівки відпалювали при температурі 473 К протягом 10, 20, 30 годин у вакуумі. Для плівок з меншим вмістом атомів міді вже після осадження спостерігається різке зменшення відносної інтенсивності та розширення дипольно активної у раманівському розсіянні коливної моди Ag(2), чутливої до перенесення зарядів від атомів металу до С60. З відпалом зменшення її інтенсивності супроводжується зростанням інтенсивності і розширенням смуги коливної моди Нg(8). Крім того, з відпалом зростає інтенсивність триплетного випромінювання. Аналогічні процеси, але із запізненням, відбуваються у гранульованій плівці з більшим вмістом атомів міді. Трансформація спектрів коливань і фотолюмінесценції вказує на полімеризацію та руйнування молекул С60, яке відбувається за рахунок дифузії атомів міді з гранул у середовище С60 з подальшим встановленням між ними хімічної взаємодії за рахунок перенесення зарядів від атомів металу до фулеренів.
Critical Phenomena and Phase Transitions in Large Lattices within Monte-Carlo Based Non-perturbative Approaches
Authors: Kaupužs J. , Rimšāns J. , Melnik R.V.N.
Published: February 2022

Critical phenomena and Goldstone mode effects in spin models with the O(n) rotational symmetry are considered. Starting with Goldstone mode singularities in the XY and O(4) models, we briefly review various theoretical concepts, as well as state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulation results. They support recent results of the GFD (grouping of Feynman diagrams) theory, stating that these singularities are described by certain nontrivial exponents, which differ from those predicted earlier by perturbative treatments. Furthermore, we present the recent Monte Carlo simulation results of the three-dimensional Ising model for lattices with linear sizes up to L = 1536, which are very large as compared to L ≤ 128 usually used in the finite-size scaling analysis. These results are obtained, using a parallel OpenMP implementation of the Wolff single-cluster algorithm. The finite-size scaling analysis of the critical exponent η, assuming the usually accepted correction-to-scaling exponent ω ≈ 0.8, shows that η is likely to be somewhat larger than the value 0.0335 ± 0.0025 of the perturbative renormalization group (RG) theory. Moreover, we have found that the actual data can be well described by different critical exponents: η = ω =1/8 and ν = 2/3, found within the GFD theory.
Universal Level Designations for Hospitalized Pediatric Patients in Evacuation
Authors: Lin Anna , King Mary A. , McCarthy David C. , Eriksson Carl O. , Newton Christopher R. , Cohen Ronald S.
Published: February 2022

Children comprise approximately 22% of the population in the United States.1 In a widespread disaster such as a hurricane, pandemic, wildfire or major earthquake, children are at least proportionately affected to their share of the population, if not more so. They also have unique vulnerabilities including physical, mental, and developmental differences from adults, which make them more prone to adverse health effects of disasters.2–4 There are about 5000 pediatric critical care beds and 23 000 neonatal intensive care beds out of 900 000 total hospital beds in the United States.5 While no mechanism exists to consistently track pediatric acute care beds nationally (especially in real time), a previous study6 showed a 7% decline in pediatric medical-surgical beds between 2002 and 2011. This study also estimated there are about 30 000 acute care pediatric beds nationally. Finding appropriate hospital resources for the provision of care for pediatric disaster victims is an important concern for those charged with triaging patients in a major event.
Orientation dependence of the fracture mechanisms in (V,Al)N coatings determined by micropillar compression
Authors: Schoof Markus R. , Gibson James S. K.-L. , Karimi Aghda Soheil , Hans Marcus , Schneider Jochen M. , Korte-Kerzel Sandra
Published: February 2022

Transition metal aluminium nitrides produced by physical vapour deposition are widely used as hard, protective coatings in the manufacturing industries. To optimise coatings wear resistance while maintaining fracture toughness, an understanding of the mechanisms linking the microstructure and the orientation-dependent fracture behaviour is required. (V,Al)N coatings were synthesised by direct current and high power pulsed magnetron sputtering. Uniaxial compression testing was performed using micropillars oriented between 0° and 90° with respect to the growth direction to assess the effect of microstructure on the fracture behaviour. We show here that different fracture mechanisms are active depending on the alignment of grains and loading direction. The fracture behaviour could be divided into three classes associated with column buckling, decohesion or shearing and no significant difference between the specimens induced by the deposition process could be observed.

Graphical abstract
A interdisciplinaridade no estágio supervisionado: (in) congruências na prática escolar
Authors: Astigarraga Andrea Abreu , Vieira Sabóia Railane Bento
Published: February 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar e analisar as (in) congruências encontradas na práxis interdisciplinar no Estágio Supervisionado em Educação Infantil. O contexto da pesquisa foi o Curso de Pedagogia da UVA, Ceará, e nas escolas públicas de um município cuja proposta pedagógica enfatiza avaliação externa no Infantil V e os eixos de Linguagens e Códigos. Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Devido à ausência de documentação escrita e/ou virtual sobre currículo recentemente formulada, recorremos à entrevista com a coordenadora da Educação Infantil no supracitado local de pesquisa. Além deste instrumento metodológico, incluímos aplicação de questionário com 43 acadêmicas do sétimo e do oitavo períodos.  Os resultados apontam como incongruências: a dificuldade inicial na aceitação dos estagiários pelos gestores e professores; a aplicação das provas externas no mesmo período do estágio nas turmas do Infantil V; a exigência de mudança na estrutura e nos temas dos projetos para adequação aos eixos de Linguagens e Códigos, entre outros.  Por outro lado, reconhecemos como congruências: a criação de um espaço de diálogo com as professoras e gestoras escolares; aceitação e fortalecimento das práticas lúdicas; a superação da fragmentação de conhecimentos, de forma a contribuir significativamente na formação das (os) pedagogas (os), aliando teoria e prática.
Summary Approximation Method for a Third Order Multidimensional Pseudoparabolic Equation
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS, Beshtokov Murat , Vodakhova Valentina ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Shkhanukov-Lafishev Mukhamed ,   Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS
Published: February 2022

In this paper we study the first initial-boundary value problem for a multidimensional pseudoparabolic equation of the third order. Assuming the existence of a regular solution to the problem posed, an a priori estimate is obtained in differential form, which implies the uniqueness and stability of the solution with respect to the right-hand side and initial data. A locally onedimensional difference scheme is constructed and an a priori estimate in the difference form is obtained for its solution. The stability and convergence of the locally one-dimensional difference scheme are proved. Numerical calculations are performed using test examples to illustrate the theoretical calculations obtained in this work.
Cerebral venous thrombosis: imaging patterns
Authors: Oliveira Isabela Magalhães , Duarte Juliana Ávila , Dalaqua Mariana , Jarry Vinicius Menezes , Pereira Fernanda Veloso , Reis Fabiano
Published: February 2022

Abstract Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon condition that is potentially reversible if properly diagnosed and promptly treated. Although CVT can occur at any age, it most commonly affects neonates and young adults. Clinical diagnosis is difficult because the clinical manifestations of CVT are nonspecific, including headache, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, and focal neurologic deficits. Therefore, imaging is crucial for the diagnosis. Radiologists should be able to identify the findings of CVT and to recognize potential imaging pitfalls that may lead to misdiagnosis. Thus, the appropriate treatment (anticoagulation therapy) can be started early, thereby avoiding complications and unfavorable outcomes.
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT versus 111In-octreotide scintigraphy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: a prospective study
Authors: Cavicchioli Marcelo , Bitencourt Almir Galvão Vieira , Lima Eduardo Nóbrega Pereira
Published: February 2022

Abstract Objective: To compare 68Ga-DOTA-DPhe1,Tyr3-octreotate (68Ga-DOTATATE) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings with those of conventional 111In-octreotide scintigraphy in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Materials and Methods: This was a single-center prospective study including 41 patients (25 males; mean age, 55.4 years) with biopsy-proven NETs who underwent whole-body 111In-octreotide scintigraphy and whole-body 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. The patients had been referred for tumor staging (34.1%), tumor restaging (61.0%), or response evaluation (4.9%). Images were compared in a patient-by-patient analysis to identify additional lesions, and we attempted to determine the impact that discordant findings had on treatment planning. Results: Compared with 111In-octreotide scintigraphy, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT revealed more lesions, the additional lesions typically being in the liver or bowel. Changes in management owing to the additional information provided by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT occurred in five patients (12.2%), including intermodal changes in three (7.3%) and intramodal changes in two (4.9%). In addition, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT yielded incidental findings unrelated to the primary NET in three patients (7.3%): Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid, bowel non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and a suspicious breast lesion. Conclusion: We conclude that 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is superior to conventional 111In-octreotide scintigraphy for the management of NETs because of its ability to determine the extent of the disease more accurately, which, in some cases, translates to changes in the treatment plan.
Da Lei de Titius-Bode ao embate entre a Matéria Escura e a Dinâmica de Newton Modificada: uma trajetória epistemológica pela Astronomia
Authors: Lima Nathan Willig , Alves-Brito Alan , Nascimento Matheus Monteiro
Published: February 2022

Nos cursos de licenciatura, usualmente, as discussões sobre Epistemologia são feitas de forma desconectada das discussões técnicas, muitas vezes realizadas apenas em disciplinas específicas. Buscando romper com esse abismo entre os conteúdos técnicos e pedagógicos das licenciaturas em Física, apresentamos uma análise de um curso de extensão sobre Astrofísica e Epistemologia, oferecido para professores de ciências e licenciandos de Física. Nesse curso, diferentes episódios da Astronomia e Astrofísica foram discutidos à luz de diferentes concepções epistemológicas. Nosso objetivo era permitir que os alunos refletissem sobre suas próprias concepções, confrontando-as com as diferentes possibilidades apresentadas. Para avaliar a intervenção, foi realizado um pré-teste e pós-teste, em que os participantes expressavam sua concordância com 10 enunciados sobre natureza da ciência. As respostas foram analisadas usando o método estatístico de Escalonamento Multidimensional. Nossos resultados mostram que, inicialmente, as respostas não apresentavam consistência interna e os participantes exibiam o mesmo grau de concordância em relação a visões concorrentes sobre a natureza da ciência. Após o curso, os participantes passaram a se posicionar de forma mais coerente, concordando com características de uma mesma visão epistemológica e se afastando de visões concorrentes.
SUDDENLY, TEACHER! PATHS TAKEN BY NURSES SEARCHING FOR TEACHER TRAINING
Authors: Ribeiro-Barbosa Juliana Costa , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Corrêa Adriana Katia , Souza Daniela Maysa de , Medina-Moya José Luis
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the paths taken by the nurse-teachers of the Nursing technical course in search of their training for the teaching career. Method: a qualitative and cross-sectional research study, carried out with nurses who teach at the Nursing technical course of a Technical School of the Unified Health System in Ceará. The data were collected through a focus group in October 2019, and analyzed according to Bardin's thematic content analysis, with the aid of the Qualitative Data Analysis Software. Results: the paths for nurses' teacher training permeate their motivation to enter the teaching career, whose reasons are related to the difficulty finding a job in the assistance area, invitation to teach, job opportunity or existence of some need; initial performance in teaching, which emphasizes mid-level; and by training itself, which had its need confirmed and, from the participants' perspective, met through participation in institutional qualifications and personal search for specialization courses. Conclusion: the paths taken by nurse-teachers in search of their training for the teaching career are related to the reasons why they enter teaching, with their initial performance in teaching and with teacher training itself, regarding verification of their need and ways accessed for such qualification. The nurse's prior training for the teaching practice ultimately points to professional excellence and appreciation and commitment to the Unified Health System. Thus, it becomes imperative to (re)formulate policies that consider the complexity and professionality of teaching, with a view to expert teaching training and performance.
Prevalência de transtornos mentais comuns entre estudantes de Medicina durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Cardoso Ane Caroline Cavalcante , Barbosa Larissa Almeida de Oliveira , Quintanilha Luiz Fernando , Avena Kátia de Miranda
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Common mental disorders (CMD) have been frequently identified among university students in the health area, especially in Medicine. It is believed that characteristics inherent to the course have a potential influence on the student’s mental health. When adding the pandemic context, with its inherent social restrictions, the psychological determinants related to the unknown pathology and the fear of the rapid spread of the new coronavirus, there is the possibility of increasing the risk factors for psychological distress in this population. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of CMD among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing its main determinants in the academic, social and economic spheres. Method: Cross-sectional study, carried out with 388 medical students in Salvador/BA., Data on sociodemographic and academic aspects, life habits, comorbidities and symptoms of non-psychotic disorders were collected using the Google Forms platform, measured by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Results: The prevalence of CMD was 39.7% among medical students, with 47.4% in the basic cycle, 40.3% in the clinical cycle and 12.3% in the internship period. Among the factors associated with the emergence of CMD are sedentary lifestyle, smoking, use of substances that enhance academic performance, dissatisfaction with one’s academic performance, poor sleep quality, lack of appetite, frequent headaches, poor digestion, suicidal ideation and sadness. There was a higher rate of non-psychotic mental disorders among women, with no difference regarding the academic cycle and the administrative type of the educational institution. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant prevalence of CMD was demonstrated among female, white, single medical students who live with family members and do not have their own income. Although studies suggest an increase in the prevalence among university students at the present time, the data from the present study remain in agreement with the literature data prior to the pandemic, showing that the medical course itself is the main risk factor for higher rates of CMD in this population. However, further studies on the long-term impact of the pandemic on the mental health of university students are still necessary.