Stand for researching the impact interaction of the working bodies of a fruit shaker with a tree trunk
Authors: Krupych О. ,   Lviv National Environmental University, Semen Y. , Krupych S. , Kudrynetskyi R. , Dumych V. ,   Lviv National Environmental University,   Institute  of Mechanics and  Automation of Agroindustrial Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,   Institute  of Mechanics and  Automation of Agroindustrial Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine,   Lviv  branch  state  scientific  organization  “Leonid  Pogorilyy  Ukrainian scientific research institute of forecasting and testing of machinery and technologies for agricultural production”
Published: July 2024

urpose. Reduction of tree bark damage due to conducting experiments in laboratory conditions with a stand for researching impact interaction of working bodies with a tree trunk simulator. Methods. The methods of designing physical models of objects and technological processes were used to conduct experiments in laboratory conditions, including for the study of the shock interaction of the working bodies of fruit-harvesting machines with the trunks of fruit trees. Methods for checking the adequacy of physical models in relation to real objects are also used. Results. To carry out laboratory studies to determine the main parameters of the impact process of the working body of a shaker (impact roller) with a tree trunk, a laboratory installation consisting of a stand and a measuring part is proposed. The stand includes a physical model of the tree, made in the form of a two-armed lever with an axis in the middle. At one end of the lever, a tree stump simulator of different diameters is attached. The lever mechanism ensures the movement of the stem simulator in the vertical direction during the impact. The blow is applied to the imitator of the trunk directly or through an intermediate body. Before carrying out experiments on the proposed laboratory installation, it is necessary to check the adequacy of the physical model and the real tree. The criterion of adequacy is the acceleration of the barrel simulator at the point of impact under the same conditions. To perform the following series of experiments, the height of the cage lift (speed of impact), the mass of the working body, the diameter of the stem simulator is changed, and in accordance with the diameter and height of the application of the disturbing force, the combined mass, stiffness and damping of the tree model are set. In the case of research on the working body of an impact shaker equipped with protective aprons, the aprons and the force of pressing them against the die simulator also change. Conclusions. The proposed stand will allow experiments to be carried out in laboratory conditions to determine the parameters of the impact process of working bodies with the trunk of a tree, for practical and theoretical substantiation of the main parameters of shakers fruit-harvesting machines, by increasing the number of experiments and expanding the range of researched factors affecting this process. On the stand, it is possible to change the parameters of the physical model of the tree depending on the diameter of the trunk, and with the help of copra to generate the necessary impact force. Keywords: laboratory stand, shaker, impact, physical model of a tree, fruit picking.