bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Primary ectopic axillary breast cancer: a case series
Authors: Sghaier S. , GHalleb M. , Marghli I. , Bouida A. , Ben Hassouna J. , Chargui R. , Rahal K.
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Ectopic breast tissue is present in 2–6% of women. Ectopic breast cancer represents an uncommon disease accounting for about 0.3% of all breast neoplasms, limiting the available evidence. Thus, we aim to report long-term outcomes in five cases treated at our institution.

Case series

Our Tunisian patients’ median age was 48 years (33–60 years), and the median follow-up was 8 years (4–10 years). The ectopic breast tissue was located four times in the right axilla. The median tumor size was 25 mm (15–55 mm). Four of the patients underwent a wide local excision and axillary lymph node dissection. Three of those women had positive lymph nodes; thus, they received adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. The patient with a negative lymph node (case 5) had adjuvant radiation therapy and hormonal therapy. One of the patients (case 1) had a positive supraclavicular lymph node and received radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. The latter developed a locoregional relapse after 4 years and was treated with mastectomy and chemotherapy. One patient (case 4) had a distant metastasis after 2 years of follow-up and received chemotherapy. The three other patients were free of relapse during their follow-up period.

Conclusion

Primary axillary breast carcinoma is a rare entity. Despite the paucity of literature, our findings and authors’ recommendations suggest that local excision can be performed safely with promising outcomes in this subset of patients.
TRIM28 inhibits alternative lengthening of telomere phenotypes by protecting SETDB1 from degradation
Authors: Wang Chuanle , Songyang Zhou , Huang Yan
Published: July 2021

Background

About 10–15% of tumor cells extend telomeres through the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, which is a recombination-dependent replication pathway. It is generally believed that ALT cells are related to the chromatin modification of telomeres. However, the mechanism of ALT needs to be further explored.

Results

Here we found that TRIM28/KAP1 is preferentially located on the telomeres of ALT cells and interacts with telomeric shelterin/telosome complex. Knocking down TRIM28 in ALT cells delayed cell growth, decreased the level of C-circle which is one kind of extrachromosomal circular telomeric DNA, increased the frequency of ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia bodies (APBs), led to telomere prolongation and increased the telomere sister chromatid exchange in ALT cells. Mechanistically, TRIM28 protects telomere histone methyltransferase SETDB1 from degradation, thus maintaining the H3K9me3 heterochromatin state of telomere DNA.

Conclusions

Our work provides a model that TRIM28 inhibits alternative lengthening of telomere phenotypes by protecting SETDB1 from degradation. In general, our results reveal the mechanism of telomere heterochromatin maintenance and its effect on ALT, and TRIM28 may serve as a target for the treatment of ALT tumor cells.
Computer simulation algorithm of gymnastics formation change path based on wireless sensor
Authors: Chen Bingxin , Kuang Lifei , He Wei
Published: July 2021

Today with the rapid development of the information age, the exchange of science and technology has brought closer the closeness of countries, and our country has also begun to conduct in-depth research on WSN. This research mainly discusses the computer simulation algorithm of gymnastics formation change path based on wireless sensor. In this research, an improved Leader-Follower method is designed. In the research of gymnastics formation transformation of mobile nodes in the wireless sensor network environment, the traditional three types of nodes are divided into four categories according to the different formation responsibilities, namely, coordinator, beacon node, master mobile node (Leader), slave mobile node (Follower). After it accurately locates itself with the help of the information of the beacon node, the information should be sent out in the form of broadcast, and the coordinator sends the information to the host computer through the serial port for tracking display. In order to enable the mobile nodes in the network to keep the current gymnastic formation moving toward the target point after completing the gymnastic formation transformation, this paper uses the l-φ closed-loop control method to modify the gymnastic formation in real time. The method based on the received signal strength is selected to realize the positioning of the beacon node to the mobile node, and combined with the positioning engine in the core processor CC2431 of the mobile node, efficient and low-energy wireless positioning can be realized. Multiple mobile nodes coordinate with each other to control communication between each node in a wireless manner, and sense their own heading angle information through geomagnetic sensors, so as to make judgments and adjustments on the maintenance and transformation of the current gymnastics formation. During the formation change, after analysis, it is concluded that the maximum offset of Follower2 from the ideal path in the process of traveling to the desired position in the triangular queue is + 0.28 m. This research effectively realized the computer simulation of autonomous formation.
Obstructive sleep apnea increases the risk of cardiovascular damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis of imaging studies
Authors: Lu Mi , Wang Zhenjia , Zhan Xiaojun , Wei Yongxiang
Published: July 2021

Background

We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiac as well as coronary impairment evaluated using imaging modalities. Finding of this study will provide more robust evidence regarding OSA-induced cardiovascular damage.

Methods

We systematically searched through PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases for relevant literatures on the association between OSA and cardiovascular damage evaluated using imaging modalities, and manually searched the references of selected articles for additional relevant articles. For each clinical parameter relevant to the meta-analysis, we first evaluated the methodological heterogeneity of the relevant studies and thereafter pooled the data together using fixed effect or random effect model. The difference in the relevant indices of cardiovascular damage between OSA patients and controls was evaluated using the standardized mean difference.

Results

Of the 82 articles included in the final systematic analysis, 20 studies explored the association between OSA and coronary atherosclerosis. OSA patients had higher rate of coronary atherosclerosis assessed by coronary artery calcification score and plaque volume. Moreover, the severity of OSA and coronary atherosclerosis displayed a positive correlation. The rest of the studies (n = 62) evaluated cardiac alterations in OSA patients. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 46 studies yielding 3082 OSA patients and 1774 controls were pooled for the meta-analysis. For left cardiac structure and function, OSA patients exhibited significantly wider left atrial diameter; higher left atrium volume index; wider left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and left ventricular mass; higher left ventricular mass index; wider interventricular septum diameter and posterior wall diameter; and higher left ventricular myocardial performance index (allp < 0.05). In addition, compared with controls, left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly decreased in OSA patients (p = 0.001). For right cardiac structure and function, OSA patients displayed a significant increase in right ventricular diameter and right ventricular myocardial performance index (bothp < 0.001). Finally, compared with controls, OSA patients displayed significant decrease in tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and RV fractional area change (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

Overall, this systematic review and meta-analysis provides imaging evidence in support that OSA patients are at a higher risk of developing coronary atherosclerosis and display cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.
Delay-dependent passivity analysis of nondeterministic genetic regulatory networks with leakage and distributed delays against impulsive perturbations
Authors: Senthilraj S. , Saravanakumar T. , Raja R. , Alzabut J.
Published: July 2021

This work is concerned with the problem for stochastic genetic regulatory networks (GRNs) subject to mixed time delays via passivity control in which mixed time delays consist of leakage, discrete, and distributed delays. The main aim of this paper is constructing a passivity-based criteria under impulsive perturbations such that the proposed GRNs are stochastically stable. Based on the Lyapunov functional method and Jensen’s integral inequality, we obtain a new set of novel passivity based delay-dependent sufficient condition in the form of LMIs, which can be determined via existing numerical software. Finally, we propose numerical simulations to show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Jumping into a Healthier Future: Trampolining for Increasing Physical Activity in Children
Authors: Schöffl Isabelle , Ehrlich Benedikt , Rottermann Kathrin , Weigelt Annika , Dittrich Sven , Schöffl Volker
Published: July 2021

Objectives

Physical activity in children and adolescents has positive effects on cardiopulmonary function in this age group as well as later in life. As poor cardiopulmonary function is associated with higher mortality and morbidity, increasing physical activity especially in children needs to become a priority. Trampoline jumping is widely appreciated in children. The objective was to investigate its use as a possible training modality.

Methods

Fifteen healthy children (10 boys and 5 girls) with a mean age of 8.8 years undertook one outdoor incremental running test using a mobile cardiopulmonary exercise testing unit. After a rest period of at least 2 weeks, a trampoline test using the mobile unit was realized by all participants consisting of a 5-min interval of moderate-intensity jumping and two high-intensity intervals with vigorous jumping for 2 min, interspersed with 1-min rests.

Results

During the interval of moderate intensity, the children achieved $$\dot{V}{O}_2$$

V
̇

O
2

-values slightly higher than the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and during the high-intensity interval comparable to the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) of the outdoor incremental running test. They were able to maintain these values for the duration of the respective intervals. The maximum values recorded during the trampoline test were significantly higher than during the outdoor incremental running test.

Conclusion

Trampoline jumping is an adequate tool for implementing high-intensity interval training as well as moderate-intensity continuous training in children. As it is a readily available training device and is greatly enjoyed in this age group, it could be implemented in exercise interventions.
Assessing the feasibility of a classroom-based visual attention training program targeting academics for students with extremely low IQ
Authors: Archambault Catherine , Tullo Domenico , Clark Emma , Faubert Jocelyn , Bertone Armando
Published: July 2021

Background

This feasibility study investigated the viability of implementing a cognitive-based training program (NeuroTracker) and assessing its potential effects on academic performance for adolescents with extremely low IQ.

Methods

Twenty-six adolescents aged between 11 and 16 years with a Wechsler-based IQs in the extremely low range (MIQ= 56.00,SDIQ= 13.89) completed 15 training sessions on either the NeuroTracker or an active control task; math and reading performance were assessed using clinically validated instruments before and after training. Recruitment and retention rates, adherence, and properties of the academic measures were assessed.

Results

All recruited participants completed 15 training sessions within a 6-week period. Eighty-three percent of participants meeting initial inclusion criteria completed all stages of the study from baseline to post-intervention assessments. Some limitations of the academic measures were identified.

Conclusions

Results suggest that implementing NeuroTracker as a classroom-based intervention and using clinically validated outcome measures is feasible with this population.
Posttraumatic stress disorder intervention for people with severe mental illness in a low-income country primary care setting: a randomized feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Ng Lauren C. , Serba Eyerusalem Getachew , Dubale Benyam W. , Fekadu Abebaw , Hanlon Charlotte
Published: July 2021

Background

In this protocol, we outline a mixed-methods randomized feasibility trial of Brief Relaxation, Education and Trauma Healing (BREATHE) Ethiopia. BREATHE Ethiopia is a culturally and contextually adapted intervention for PTSD in participants with severe mental illness. BREATHE Ethiopia maps onto the World Health Organization’s guidelines for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment in low- and middle-income country primary care settings.

Methods

Specifically, this study includes a non-randomized pre-pilot (n = 5) and a randomized feasibility trial comparing BREATHE Ethiopia to Treatment as Usual (n = 40) to assess trial procedures, acceptability, and feasibility of intervention delivery, and investigate potential effectiveness and implementation. In a process evaluation, we will collect data that will be critical for a future fully randomized controlled trial, including the numbers of participants who are eligible, who consent, who engage in treatment, and who complete the assessments, as well as the feasibility and acceptability of assessments and the intervention. Qualitative data on facilitators and barriers to intervention delivery and quantitative data on provider fidelity to the intervention and participant and provider satisfaction will also be collected. Quantitative assessments at baseline, post-treatment, 1-month follow-up, and 3-month follow-up will assess change in mental health symptoms and functional impairment and hypothesized intervention mechanisms, including knowledge about PTSD, stigma, trauma-related cognitions, and physiological arousal.

Discussion

Findings from this study will inform a future fully-powered randomized controlled trial, and if found to be effective, the intervention has the potential to be integrated into mental healthcare scale-up efforts in other low-resource settings.

Trial registration

Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04385498) first posted May 13th, 2020; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04385498?term=ethiopia&cond=PTSD&draw=2&rank=1.
Concretizing the Christian Nation
Authors: Haynes Naomi
Published: July 2021

In October 2015 the Zambian president broke ground on a new National House of Prayer, a building project meant to reaffirm the country's status as Africa's only self-proclaimed “Christian nation.” Over the next four years architects produced three separate sets of plans for the House of Prayer, images of which were circulated among Zambian Christians, primarily church leaders. Each set of plans has provoked conversations about what the House of Prayer should look like. This article shows how discussions of the building's aesthetic features were connected to the theological-political possibilities of Christian nationalism, crystalizing around two competing models of how to go about making Zambia a (more) Christian nation. By tracing the tension between these models through architectural and aesthetic debates, this article shows the link between images and the theological-political imagination. It therefore builds on anthropological analyses of other parts of the world that have emphasized the political power of aesthetics as more than representations of already existing ideas—that is, as an ideologically and politically productive force in its own right.
Selective recruitment for pollen and nectar sources in honeybees
Authors: Arenas Andrés , Lajad Rocío , Farina Walter
Published: July 2021

Honeybees (Apis mellifera) use cues and signals to recruit nestmates to profitable food sources. Here, we investigated whether the type of resource advertised within the colony (i.e. pollen or nectar) correlates with the choices of recruits at the feeding site. We observed that pollen recruits preferred to collect pollen once arrived for the first time at the feeding site, while nectar recruits preferred to forage sucrose solutions. Bees recruited by foragers carrying both resources showed intermediate preferences. Studying the plasticity of this response, we found that nectar recruits have a low probability of switching to pollen collection, yet pollen recruits were likely to switch to sucrose solution of increasing concentrations. Our results show that cues associated with the advertised resource type correlate with the foraging tendency of recruits for pollen and sucrose solution, a feature that would guarantee an efficient resource collection.
Interprofessional grant writing seminar for early career faculty in a small, isolated teaching center
Authors: King India , Christopher Andrea , Hansen Ann , Student Ami , Sordahl Jeff , Naidoo Sarah , Nguyen Elaine , Ambert-Pompey Sarai , Fisher Amber , Tivis Rick , Smith C. Scott
Published: July 2021

Small, isolated teaching centers have difficulty mentoring interprofessional junior faculty in research methods and grant writing. Peer mentoring programs for grant writing at larger institutions have been successful. In this short report, we describe our program that leveraged mentor experience using four framing seminars followed by project refinement in three-person peer groups and monthly mentored works in progress meetings. In its first year, ten faculty from medicine, psychology, and pharmacy completed the program and successfully obtained six funded grants. Five of the projects transitioned from single profession applications to interprofessional applications as participants connected and profession-specific expertise was identified. Refinements for future cohorts are discussed.
Excess Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Sabbatini Amber K , Robicsek Ari , Chiu Shih‐Ting , Gluckman Ty J
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

The extent to which the COVID‐19 pandemic has affected outcomes for patients with unplanned hospitalizations is unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To examine changes in in‐hospital mortality for patients without COVID‐19 during the first 10 months of the pandemic (March 4, 2020 to December 31, 2020).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS

Observational study of adults with unplanned hospitalizations at 51 hospitals across 6 Western states.

EXPOSURES

Unplanned hospitalizations occurring during the spring COVID‐19 surge (March 4 to May 13, 2020; Period 1), an intervening period (May 14 to October 19, 2020; Period 2), and the fall COVID‐19 surge (October 20 to December 31, 2020; Period 3) were compared with a pre‐COVID‐19 baseline period from January 1, 2019, to March 3, 2020.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

We examined daily hospital admissions and in‐hospital mortality overall and in 30 conditions.

RESULTS

Unplanned hospitalizations declined steeply during Periods 1 and 3 (by 47.5% and 25% compared with baseline, respectively). Although volumes declined, adjusted in‐hospital mortality rose from 2.9% in the pre‐pandemic period to 3.5% in Period 1 (20.7% relative increase), returning to baseline in Period 2, and rose again to 3.4% in Period 3. Elevated mortality was seen for nearly all conditions studied during the pandemic surge periods.

CONCLUSION

Pandemic COVID‐19 surges were associated with higher rates of in‐hospital mortality among patients without COVID‐19, suggesting disruptions in care patterns for patients with many common acute and chronic illnesses.
Rousseau’s General Will
Authors: Caporioni Giovanni
Published: July 2021

The advance of populist parties in the European Union can be interpreted as the sign of an expanding “frustration” about representation in a political sphere oppressed by economic austerity. In this context, the modern philosophical roots of an alternative conception of democracy, based on direct participation, appear to be worth of a careful scrutiny. This paper focuses on the notion of the General Will as described in The Social Contract. After a critical review of the antithetical conceptions of the General Will suggested by Rousseau, a coherent interpretation is proposed, obtained through an analysis of the text taken as a “self- -sufficient” unity: the General Will is pure “ambition” for an unknown common good, shared by all the members of a political community. However, it is argued that the participatory “machinery” of General Will is fundamentally incapable of resolving three serious problems that undermine the foundations of Rousseau’s ideal “République”, namely, 1. How the citizens can identify the common good without errors; 2. How the citizens can develop an ethical dimension by themselves, without any external influence; 3. How single individuals, seen not as active citizens but as passive subjects of the State, can protect themselves from the abuses of power.
Unintended Effects of Advertising: An Updated Qualitative Review
Authors:   Villanova University, USA, Xu Jie
Published: July 2021

Like most strategic communication efforts, advertising produces both intended and unintended effects. However, there has been little systematic effort to synthesizing the unintended effects of advertising. This paper attempt to fill the gap in the literature. A thematic review was conducted to review the dimensions, types, and theories concerning the unintended effects of advertising. Variations of unintended effects in valence, levels of analysis, time lapse, content specificity, and audience types were discerned, on the basis of which a typology of nine unintended effects was proposed, including confusion, materialism, idealization, stereotypes, boomerang, violence, creativity, job performance and economic growth. The implications and directions for future research were discussed. It is hoped that the conceptual dimensions and types of unintended effects presented in this paper will serve as an evolving framework for endeavors to enhancing the theory and practice of advertising.
Reconceptualizing Cognitive Media Effects Theory and Research Under the Judged Usability Model
Authors: Lee ByungGu , McLeod Douglas M.
Published: July 2021

This review synthesizes the existing literature on cognitive media effects, including agenda setting, framing, and priming, in order to identify their similarities, differences, and inherent commonalities. Based on this review, we argue that the theory and research on each of these cognitive effects share a common view that media affect audience members by influencing the relative importance of considerations used to make subsequent judgments (including their answers to post-exposure survey questions). In reviewing this literature, we note that one important factor is often ignored, the extent to which a consideration featured in the message is deemed usable for a given subsequent judgment, a factor called judged usability, which may be an important mediator of cognitive media effects like agenda setting, framing, and priming. Emphasizing judged usability leads to the revelation that media coverage may not just elevate a particular consideration, but may also actively suppress a consideration, rendering it less usable for subsequent judgments. Thus, it opens a new avenue for cognitive effects research. In the interest of integrating these strands of cognitive effects research, we propose the Judged Usability Model as a revision of past cognitive models.
Psychology of Agenda-Setting Effects. Mapping the Paths of Information Processing
Authors: McCombs Maxwell , Stroud Natalie J.
Published: July 2021

The concept of Need for Orientation introduced in the early years of agenda-setting research provided a psychological explanation for why agenda-setting effects occur in terms of what individuals bring to the media experience that determines the strength of these effects. Until recently, there had been no significant additions to our knowledge about the psychology of agenda-setting effects. However, the concept of Need for Orientation is only one part of the answer to the question about why agenda setting occurs. Recent research outlines a second way to answer the why question by describing the psychological process through which these effects occur. In this review, we integrate four contemporary studies that explicate dual psychological paths that lead to agenda-setting effects at the first and second levels. We then examine how information preferences and selective exposure can be profitably included in the agenda-setting framework. Complementing these new models of information processing and varying attention to media content and presentation cues, an expanded concept of psychological relevance, motivated reasoning goals (accuracy versus directional goals), and issue publics are discussed.
A review and analysis of patterns of design decisions in recent media effects research
Authors: Potter W. James
Published: July 2021

This essay presents a critical analysis of patterns of research design decisions exhibited by authors of recently published empirical tests of media effects. The content of 211 articles published from 2010 to 2015 in six core communication journals were analyzed to document the design decisions made by the authors concerning their use of theory, sampling, measurement, and experiments. We also recorded the amount of variance explained by their tests and use this indicator of strength of findings to explain the patterns of methodological design decisions. The findings indicate that authors of these studies commonly select weaker design options over stronger ones. The reasons for these patterns are explored then critiqued leading to a series of recommendations calling for an evolution in thinking in the areas of method, theory, and paradigm. The methods recommendations attempt to increase (a) awareness of the advantages and disadvantages of options available for each design decision, (b) an understanding that often assumptions made to justify the selection of an option are faulty, and (c) a commitment to meeting a higher degree of challenges. The theory recommendations focus on increasing an understanding about why designers of most tests of media effects ignore the many theories available when designing their studies. And the paradigm recommendations focus on examining more critically the assumptions we make about the nature of human beings, the purpose of our research as challenges evolve, and the defaults in practices we have established in an exploratory phase.
Video Games as a Multifaceted Medium: A Review of Quantitative Social Science Research on Video Games and a Typology of Video Game Research Approaches
Authors: Ivory James D.
Published: July 2021

Although there is a vast and useful body of quantitative social science research dealing with the social role and impact of video games, it is difficult to compare studies dealing with various dimensions of video games because they are informed by different perspectives and assumptions, employ different methodologies, and address different problems. Studies focusing on different social dimensions of video games can produce varied findings about games’ social function that are often difficult to reconcile— or even contradictory. Research is also often categorized by topic area, rendering a comprehensive view of video games’ social role across topic areas difficult. This interpretive review presents a novel typology of four identified approaches that categorize much of the quantitative social science video game research conducted to date: “video games as stimulus,” “video games as avocation,” “video games as skill,” and “video games as social environment.” This typology is useful because it provides an organizational structure within which the large and growing number of studies on video games can be categorized, guiding comparisons between studies on different research topics and aiding a more comprehensive understanding of video games’ social role. Categorizing the different approaches to video game research provides a useful heuristic for those critiquing and expanding that research, as well as an understandable entry point for scholars new to video game research. Further, and perhaps more importantly, the typology indicates when topics should be explored using different approaches than usual to shed new light on the topic areas. Lastly, the typology exposes the conceptual disconnects between the different approaches to video game research, allowing researchers to consider new ways to bridge gaps between the different approaches’ strengths and limitations with novel methods.
Cenário e perspectivas do sistema alimentar brasileiro frente à pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Proença Rossana Pacheco da Costa , Kraemer Mariana Vieira dos Santos , Rodrigues Vanessa Mello , Proença Lúcio Costa , Camargo Rafaella Guimarães Moraes , Domene Semírames Martins Álvares
Published: July 2021

Introdução. Sistemas alimentares resilientes são estratégicos para a soberania de uma nação, especialmente em crises sanitárias. Objetivo. Refletir sobre alguns aspectos do sistema alimentar hegemônico no Brasil frente à pandemia de Covid-19. Desenvolvimento. A partir de uma descrição do cenário pré-pandemia, são expostos alguns desdobramentos conhecidos sobre a qualidade de vida e do ambiente, bem como as consequências que potencialmente levaram a tal condição de fragilidade dos sistemas alimentares, que é fértil para o desencadeamento de crises como a atual. Finalmente, o artigo trata das possibilidades de transição para um sistema alimentar mais justo, localizado, inclusivo e regenerativo. Considerações finais. Não basta fomentar sistemas alimentares saudáveis; é necessário desinvestir em sistemas degenerativos, focados em beneficiar a arrecadação ou a balança comercial. Isso implica reconfigurar e redirecionar uma parte maior das políticas e recursos públicos relacionados com o uso da terra, liberando espaço e recursos financeiros, políticos e sociais para nutrir sistemas alimentares que resultem em benefícios mais sistêmicos.
Caminhos para articulação da Educação Alimentar e Nutricional com o currículo escolar: relato de experiência no contexto do ensino fundamental
Authors: Macêdo Venâncio dos Santos Ana Beatriz , Souza Guilherme Silva Freire de , Mendonça Ilis Nogueira , Nonato Larissa Ferreira Tavares , Alves Maria das Graças Diniz , Oliveira Maria dos Aflitos Soares de , Araújo Raymme Ramos de , Domingos José Douglas Bernardino , Silva Jhulia Evilys Dias da , Rodrigues Lucas Moura , Costa Thalia Amannara Melo da , Palmeira Poliana De Araújo
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Este artigo visa relatar a experiência da construção e implementação de ações de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) transversais aos componentes do currículo escolar do ensino fundamental. Método: As ações foram realizadas entre agosto e dezembro de 2020 em uma escola pública na Paraíba, com base em conteúdos previstos no Marco de EAN para as políticas públicas e no Guia alimentar para a população brasileira, transversalmente associados ao desenvolvimento cognitivo e conteúdos de português e matemática. Resultados: Nos resultados foram descritas as estratégias aplicadas nas ações de EAN e na articulação com componentes curriculares da escola, segundo a idade escolar dos alunos. Com a vivência observou-se, no recurso lúdico, como jogos e contação de histórias, uma estratégia necessária ao engajamento dos alunos nas ações. A articulação entre EAN e o currículo escolar foi viável devido à disponibilização do planejamento pedagógico em curso por todos os professores da escola. O desenvolvimento de ações de EAN adaptadas à idade escolar do aluno garantiram melhor aprendizado e participação dos escolares. Conclusão: As ações transversais de EAN são desafiadoras e demandam criatividade, vínculo entre os educadores e a equipe da escola e planejamento adequado à realidade territorial e das turmas.
O PROCESSO DE REGIONALIZAÇÃO EM MINAS GERAIS: BREVE ABORDAGEM SOBRE REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE BELO HORIZONTE, REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO VALE DO AÇO E PROJETO DE LEI COMPLEMENTAR (PLC) 11/15 PARA INSTITUIÇÃO DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE MONTES CLAROS
Authors: Bernardes Brenda Melo , Melo Júlia Cerqueira
Published: July 2021

Introdução: Minas Gerais é um estado que desempenha alto poder de polarização nacional, entretanto, apesar de sua extensão territorial, possui apenas duas regiões metropolitanas consolidadas, a saber Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte (RMBH), instituída pela Lei Complementar Federal n° 14, de 1973, e a Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço (RMVA), instituída pela Lei Complementar Estadual nº 51/98 (alterada pelas Leis Complementares Estaduais nº 90/2006 e nº 122/2012). Essas regiões metropolitanas apresentam características distintas em relação à escala territorial e especificidades de uso e ocupação. Ademais, destaca-se também na rede urbana de Minas Gerais a cidade de Montes Claros, que exerce forte poder de influência regional no Norte de Minas, havendo interesse de instituição de uma região metropolitana por parte de seus gestores a partir do Projeto de Lei Complementar (PLC) nº 11/15. Objetivo: Assim, define-se como objetivo geral deste artigo abordar brevemente acerca da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, da Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço e sobre o Projeto de Lei Complementar (PLC) nº 11/15 para instituição da Região Metropolitana de Montes Claros. Métodos: A pesquisa, de caráter qualitativo, utiliza como técnicas a análise documental, a partir da consulta a dados estatísticos do IBGE, e de documentos legais; e bibliográfica, por meio da análise da caracterização das regiões em estudo em artigos e publicações acadêmicas. Resultados: São relacionados no artigo os critérios legais para instituição das regiões metropolitanas, um breve histórico sobre a consolidação das regiões metropolitanas em Minas Gerais e investigação sobre as especificidades das Regiões Metropolitanas de Belo Horizonte, do Vale do Aço e do Projeto de Lei para instituição da Região Metropolitana de Montes Claros. Conclusão: Em considerações finais é destacado que, embora as regiões metropolitanas analisadas apresentem distinções em termos de porte populacional e escala territorial, ambas comungam problemas de gestão socioeconômica e demandam a adoção de políticas públicas integradas para desenvolvimento mais equilibrado.
The multidisciplinary team severe asthma day case assessment and its impact on patient care
Authors: Holmes Leanne-Jo , Sheehan Reyenna , Elsey Lynn , Allen David
Published: July 2021

People with severe and difficult to control asthma can be a complex and heterogenous group of patients often with multiple comorbidities. Living with this disease imposes a huge physical and psychological burden upon the patient which requires a comprehensive, systematic and patient-focused assessment, using a wide range of clinical expertise from within the multidisciplinary team.

This article describes a severe asthma systematic and multidimensional day case assessment, and the positive benefits that the authors perceive it offers for patient care. These benefits include a confirmed diagnosis, consideration of alternative diagnosis, enhanced adherence, medication optimisation, access to and gatekeeping of high-cost specialist medications, improved patient self-management skills and signposting to appropriate therapies. As a consequence, they believe that this facilitates better patient outcomes through a reduction in corticosteroid exposure, exacerbations and hospitalisation.

This severe asthma multidisciplinary team day case approach offers more than just physical benefits when compared with the traditional medical model. Patient feedback reports an excellent patient experience, feeling listened to, understood, empowered and hopeful for the future.
Trajectories of social justice within social stratification: towards a Bourdieusian reading of social class for social workers
Authors: Flynn Susan
Published: July 2021

Vies towards social justice in the social work academy and elsewhere have too frequently been imprecise, rhetorical and definitionally opaque. This article pursues a rigorous and theoretically exact treatment of the matter of social class for social workers, towards presenting set parameters for operationalising social justice. The research base of the article is social stratification scales drawn from the social sciences, upon which a bespoke and composite conceptual frame is applied. Within this, the Bourdieusian theory of capital, extended and applied within Bonnycastle’s relational illustrative model of social justice, supports both an economic and non-materialist reading of class. The intention is to assist social workers in understanding and therefore contesting social class inequality, towards creating a more egalitarian and socially just society.
LUXURIA MAURETANIAE. ¿LA EXPLOTACIÓN DE LOS PRODUCTOS DE LUJO COMO CAUSA DE LA CONQUISTA?
Authors: Pons Pujol Dr. Lluís
Published: July 2021

Se ha propuesto que la causa de la conquista del reino de Mauritania en época de Calígula fuera el deseo de explotar algunos recursos naturales, considerados de lujo. Analizamos los datos aportados por las fuentes literarias y epigráficas. Concluimos que la explotación de estos recursos, por si sola, no puede considerarse la causa de la conquista.
Por la «flexibilidad de plantillas». La influencia de la patronal en el diseño del sistema de relaciones laborales español, 1979-1986
Authors: Sánchez-Mosquera Marcial
Published: July 2021

El artículo analiza la influencia de la Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales (CEOE) en el diseño del sistema de relaciones laborales durante la transición y el inicio de la democracia. Pese a la posición de debilidad de partida, con un sistema muy rígido de contratación, costes laborales en ascenso, fuerte conflictividad y falta de partido político de referencia, la CEOE consiguió influir en las políticas laborales y generar un diseño institucional favorable a sus intereses como organización y los de sus representados. En la consecución de tales objetivos se vio notablemente favorecida por la competencia sindical y el impulso de liberalización económica del primer Gobierno socialista. El resultado fue un sistema más flexible, aunque fuertemente fragmentado y no bien articulado; compatible con la gobernanza corporatista, de costes laborales y sociales moderados, y conflictividad baja y declinante.
Esbozos para un atlas de geografía del arte
Authors: Bonastra Quim
Published: July 2021

La geografía y el arte han tenido una relación productiva desde hace siglos que continua en la actualidad de un modo mucho más fuerte que nunca. Voy a empezar este texto repasando estas relaciones en las últimas décadas dentro del marco del giro espacial y del giro creativo o estético para ver los tipos de aproximación que cada una de las disciplinas hace de la otra. A continuación, voy a utilizar una instalación artística de la que soy coautor para mostrar cómo se puede construir conocimientos geográficos a partir de un trabajo con el arte.
En las fronteras de lo urbano. Presentación
Authors: Tapada-Berteli Teresa
Published: July 2021

Los artículos incluidos en este número monográfico proceden de las intervenciones que los respectivos autores  y autoras realizaron los días 30 y 31 de mayo de 2019, en el marco del Seminario “En las fronteras de lo urbano: espacios urbanos extremos”, organizado por el grupo de investigación interuniversitario [espais crítics] dedicado al estudio, debate y práctica del pensamiento espacial crítico
Zero drift suppression method of a distributed feedback fiber laser hydrophone
Authors: Zhao Chen , Zheng Baichao , Zhao Junpeng , Yang Yong , Wang Xuefeng
Published: July 2021

A zero drift suppression method of a distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser hydrophone is studied. The working principle of the DFB fiber laser hydrophone and the cause, phenomenon, and influence of zero drift are briefly introduced. The design idea and implementation method of the zero drift suppression method are described in detail. The differential cross-multiplication demodulation method is improved by adding closed-loop feedback control to the appropriate stage, and the zero drift problem is solved without any hardware modification. Simulation analysis and experiments are performed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. The experimental results show that the zero drift suppression method can effectively stabilize the static operating point of the DFB fiber laser hydrophone.
Design of highly sensitive refractive index sensors in the visible region utilizing metal layer assisted guided modes
Authors: Pandey Vipul , Pal Suchandan
Published: July 2021

We present a systematic comparison of the metal layer assisted guided mode resonance-based sensing structures with the traditional guided mode resonance-based sensing structures sharing identical design parameters for various two-dimensional square hole and pillar grating type lattice configurations. The surface and volume integrals of the electromagnetic field intensity profiles at resonance have been computed for all the considered structures to show that the waveguide-pillar-based structures offer the strongest interaction between the resonant modes and the sensing region, resulting in a superior sensitivity. Further insights into the nature of metal assisted guided mode resonance-based sensors and the ways to generate a strong resonant response are reported for the visible range of operation.
Color polarization demosaicking by a convolutional neural network
Authors: Sun Yuanyuan , Zhang Junchao , Liang Rongguang
Published: July 2021

To address color polarization demosaicking problems in polarization imaging with a color polarization camera, we propose a color polarization demosaicking convolutional neural network (CPDCNN), which has a two-branch structure to ensure the fidelity of polarization signatures and enhance image resolution. To train the network, we built a unique dual-camera system and captured a pairwise color polarization image dataset. Experimental results show that CPDCNN outperformances other methods by a large margin in contrast and resolution.
Giga-voxel multidimensional fluorescence imaging combining single-pixel detection and data fusion
Authors: Soldevila F. , Lenz A. J. M. , Ghezzi A. , Farina A. , D’Andrea C. , Tajahuerce E.
Published: July 2021

Time-resolved fluorescence imaging is a key tool in biomedical applications, as it allows to non-invasively obtain functional and structural information. However, the big amount of collected data introduces challenges in both acquisition speed and processing needs. Here, we introduce a novel technique that allows to acquire a giga-voxel 4D hypercube in a fast manner while measuring only 0.03% of the dataset. The system combines two single-pixel cameras and a conventional 2D array detector working in parallel. Data fusion techniques are introduced to combine the individual 2D and 3D projections acquired by each sensor in the final high-resolution 4D hypercube, which can be used to identify different fluorophore species by their spectral and temporal signatures.
Apical Membrane Expression of Distinct Sulfated Glycans Is a Characteristic Feature of Ductules and Their Reactive and Neoplastic Counterparts
Authors: Hoshino Hitomi , Akama Tomoya O. , Uchimura Kenji , Fukushima Mana , Muramoto Akifumi , Uehara Takeshi , Nakanuma Yasuni , Kobayashi Motohiro
Published: July 2021

Intrahepatic bile ducts transport bile between bile canaliculi and the extrahepatic bile duct. The luminal surface of this tract is lined by a layer of biliary epithelial cells, or cholangiocytes, which secrete mucins consisting of scaffold proteins and O-glycosidically linked carbohydrate side chains. Although mucin core proteins have been extensively investigated, the structure and function of carbohydrate side chains have not. Here, we demonstrate that distinct sulfated glycans positive for MECA-79, R-10G, and 297-11A, but not 5D4, monoclonal antibodies are expressed in the cytoplasm of cells of large-sized ducts and in the apical membrane of cells in ductules, and that R-10G immunolabeling is partially eliminated by endo-β-galactosidase digestion, supporting the presence of N-acetylglucosamine-6- O-sulfated N-acetyllactosamine structures. We observed comparable apical membrane-predominant staining in ductular reactions seen during regeneration that occurs in various liver diseases and in cholangiolocarcinoma, a subtype of small duct-type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Apical membrane expression of distinct sulfated glycans in large duct-type iCCA was negligible. Intriguingly, under pathological conditions, endo-β-galactosidase digestion almost completely eliminated R-10G immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that apical membrane expression of distinct sulfated glycans is a characteristic feature of ductules and their reactive and neoplastic counterparts
Selection of stimulus parameters for enhancing slow wave sleep events with a neural-field theory thalamocortical model
Authors: Torres Felipe A. , Orio Patricio , Escobar María-José
Published: July 2021

Slow-wave sleep cortical brain activity, conformed by slow-oscillations and sleep spindles, plays a key role in memory consolidation. The increase of the power of the slow-wave events, obtained by auditory sensory stimulation, positively correlates with memory consolidation performance. However, little is known about the experimental protocol maximizing this effect, which could be induced by the power of slow-oscillation, the number of sleep spindles, or the timing of both events’ co-occurrence. Using a mean-field model of thalamocortical activity, we studied the effect of several stimulation protocols, varying the pulse shape, duration, amplitude, and frequency, as well as a target-phase using a closed-loop approach. We evaluated the effect of these parameters on slow-oscillations (SO) and sleep-spindles (SP), considering: (i) the power at the frequency bands of interest, (ii) the number of SO and SP, (iii) co-occurrences between SO and SP, and (iv) synchronization of SP with the up-peak of the SO. The first three targets are maximized using a decreasing ramp pulse with a pulse duration of 50 ms. Also, we observed a reduction in the number of SO when increasing the stimulus energy by rising its amplitude. To assess the target-phase parameter, we applied closed-loop stimulation at 0°, 45°, and 90° of the phase of the narrow-band filtered ongoing activity, at 0.85 Hz as central frequency. The 0° stimulation produces better results in the power and number of SO and SP than the rhythmic or random stimulation. On the other hand, stimulating at 45° or 90° change the timing distribution of spindles centers but with fewer co-occurrences than rhythmic and 0° phase. Finally, we propose the application of closed-loop stimulation at the rising zero-cross point using pulses with a decreasing ramp shape and 50 ms of duration for future experimental work.