bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antifungal Activity of Finished Chromium Tanned Leather Containing Thyme and Tea Tree Essential Oils
Authors: Gendaszewska Dorota , Wionczyk Barbara , Bednarek Agata , Boniecki Paweł
Published: November 2022

Leather products provide an ideal environment for microbial growth. In order to prevent the appearance and spread of various types of microorganisms, it is treated with selected biocides and even essential oils. The aim of this paper was to investigate the antifungal activity of selected essential oils applied to finished chromium tanned leather which is intended for leather fancy products. Antifungal activity was evaluated according to the PN-EN 14119: 2005 standard. Four finished chromium tanned leathers were tested, each of which was soaked in the following essential oils: tea tree essential oil at a concentration of 1, 2 and 5% and thyme essential oil at concentration of 1, 2 and 5%. The results obtained indicated that leather finishing with thyme essential oil showed the antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum and Candida albicans strains. The application of 5% thyme essential oil to leather samples inhibited the growth of all strains tested. Using tea tree essential oil on leather samples showed a antimicrobial effect only against Candida albicans. The application of essential oils in the leather finishing process may be an alternative to biocides used in the tanning industry.
On Some Properties of Difference Operator with Some Characterizations
Authors: Fathima Dowlath , Ganie Abdul Hamid
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we introduce the generalized spaces of the form ℋ(f, g, Δ
n
m
), where ℋ represents one of the spaces ℓ∞, c or c
0.The köthe duals corresponding to these spaces will be computed and construction of the Schauder bases for ℋ ∈ {c, c
0} will be given. Also, some matrix characterizations concerning these spaces will be computed. Moreover, the characterization of some classes of compact operators on the spaces ℓ∞(f, g, Δ
n
m
)and c
0(f, g, Δ
n
m
)by employing the Hausdorff measure of non-compactness will be determined.
Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children with type 1 diabetes and their families in Al-Madinah
Authors: Ismail Abeer , Alrehaili Nadeen , Alluhaybi Ghufran , Alreefi Nora , Albeladi Rawabi
Published: November 2022

Background: Control of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children is very difficult due to non-adherence to therapy. Children with T1DM appear to have a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than their healthy peers in regular situations, which is likely due to the challenges given by their medical illnesses. This study aimed at assessing the effect of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown on children with T1DM in the Al-Madinah region of Saudi Arabia regarding their adherence to medications, effects on lifestyle, and development of diabetic complications.
Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted using a questionnaire filled out by parents that were distributed through the WhatsApp group for parents of children with T1DM receiving regular follow-up at the Maternity and Children's Hospital. The questionnaire assessed the children's adherence to medication and healthy lifestyles before and during the lockdown.
Results: A total of 200 children with T1DM were included in the study, 117 females and 83 males. In terms of the average duration of diabetes, 103 of the participants (51.5%) had diabetes for between 1 and 5 years. There was a significant change in adherence to medication and healthy lifestyle before and during lockdown (14.74 ± 3.09 vs. 14.35 ± 3.24) (p = 0.044). A significant difference (p < 0.001) in the average daily blood glucose before and during the quarantine was also observed (208.95 ± 61.71 mg/dl vs. 231.38 ± 73.83 mg/dl).
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown had a significantly negative impact on children with T1DM.
Otolaryngologic Manifestations of Kabuki Syndrome
Authors:   University Of Michigan, J Stanley Jeffrey
Published: November 2022

Kabuki syndrome is a genetic disorder first described in Japan in the 1980s. It was so named because characteristic facial features of the disorder were thought to resemble the facial features and makeup of actors in the Kabuki Theater.
The pattern of Patients Presenting as Vertigo to the OPD Services at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kashmir: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:   Directorate Of Health Services, Hussain Rather Rouf
Published: November 2022

Vertigo is a symptom of vestibular dysfunction with a sensation of motion (most commonly rotational motion). It is one of the common presenting complaints in primary care institutions and emergency departments.
Manual de microbiología periodontal.
Authors: Contreras Rengifo Adolfo , Jaramillo Echeverry Adriana , Peláez Moreno Melissa , Quisoboni Eguizabal Jorge , Giraldo Vásquez Daniel , Enrique Botero Javier , Moreno Correa Sandra Milena , Pérez Laura
Published: November 2022

Las periodontitis en los humanos están relacionadas con una compleja microbiota en donde aproximadamente 30-40 especies de bacterias que incluyen las arqueas, están implicadas de un total de las 800 especies que han identificado en la microbiota oral y que hoy se considera la segunda microbiota mas compleja del cuerpo humano, después de la intestinal. Adicionalmente, algunos virus con aquel de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), el citomegalovirus y el virus de Epstein Barr y especies de Cándida o aquellos denominados superinfectantes se han asociado con también la destrucción periodontal. Estos microorganismos se incrementan en las periodontitis y en las gingivitis, y su control, disminución y erradicación, se asocia con la salud periodontal y gingival. De esta forma y en general, un incremento en las especies de bacilos móviles Gram negativos se asocian con mayor riesgo sufrir de periodontitis, y también conocemos que existen algunas especies compatibles con la salud gingival y periodontal en donde predominan las especies Gram positivas y especies como Veilonella, Actinomices y Streptococcos orales. Los tratamientos anti infecciosos y que son exitosos reducen la presencia y los conteos de los patógenos periodontales e incrementan las especies compatibles con salud en las bolsas y surcos periodontales. Este manual compila un esfuerzo iniciado hace 27 años por el Grupo de Medicina Periodontal, sus investigadores de la Escuela de Odontología, para estudiar y comprender la etiología y patogénesis de las periodontitis en los humanos, y es además, una herramienta didáctica dirigida a los estudiantes de odontología y residentes de las diversas especialidades de la Odontología, para que se familiaricen con el diagnostico microbiológico periodontal, dirigido a mejorar el tratamiento el pronostico de los pacientes con periodontitis que afectan a un 52% de los adultos Colombianos.
Assessment of some immunological parameters for patients with diabetes mellitus infected with Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Shahad saad Dahhaam  , Shihab Ahmed Mohammed
Published: November 2022

The current study was conducted on patients with diabetes mellitus and those infected with Entamoeba histolytica of those who were admitted and arrived in Salah El-Din General Hospital and some civil laboratories in the city of Tikrit/Salah El-Din Governorate for the period from 1/3/2021 to 1/4/2022 at ages ranging from 20-60 years. The Microscopic examination was used to detect the infection with Amoebiasis in 300 diabetes pations, and also immunological methods were used to measure some criteria (IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, IgM, IgG, IgA), the results indicated a significant increase in The concentration of antibodies (IgM, IgG, IgA) was 14.5 ± 273.3, 116.0 ± 1345.0 and 38.5 ± 441.9 mg/dl, respectively, compared with the control group. The total and complements (C3, C4) were 8.35±65.0, 21.4±222.0 mg/dl, respectively, compared with the control group. 11.6±142.2, 3.94±28.80 mg/dl, respectively, and C-reactive protein (CRP) was 6.300±22.30 mg/dl, 0.937± 2.975 mg/dl in comparison to the control group, and cytokinetics (IL-10, TNF- α) were 9.32± 46.00 and 31.8 ±92.9 pg/ml, respectively, in comparison to the negative control group, 1.21 ±6.48 and 7.18 ±19.60 pg/ml, respectively
Estimation of Furosemide Spectrophotometrically in Pharmaceutical preparations by Oxidative Coupling Reaction
Authors: Abdul Majeed Khorsheed Ahmed  , Zahraa Turhan Wehbe Ahmed2
Published: November 2022

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method was described for the determination of Furosemide (FUR). The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction between Furosemide and 1-Naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid in the presence of potassium permanganate to form a yellow colored product with maximum absorptions at 465nm, which is soluble in water. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 3 to 23㎍.ml-1 with a molar absorptivity of 1.065×104 L.mol-1.cm-1, and Sandell's sensitivity of 0.0310㎍.cm-2, respectively. The correlation coefficient of 0.9994, with recovery average % of 99.948. Limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.971㎍.ml- 1 and 3.237 ㎍.ml -1 and a relative standard deviation (RSD) % of 0.641 to 0.812. The proposed method has been used to successfully determine furosemide in pharmaceutical formulations (Tablet).
Determination of the Zinc level in Environmental and Biological Samples in Baiji City by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Hasan
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to measure Zinc levels in environmental and biological samples. The method was tested with three types of samples, including soil, water, and human blood serum. In this method, 50 samples from each soil, water, and human blood serum were used. The water and soil samples were collected from the Baiji oil refinery, while the human blood serum was collected from the patients in the Baiji hospital. The total Zinc concentration in the environmental and biological samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results of the Zinc determination were obtained from the samples taken from the soil for each site under examination. The following values showed the mean average concentration for each site, respectively. site 1 (15±3.5), site 2 (11.5±1.1), site 3 (14.5)  ±0.5), and site 4 (13.8±3.8) µg/g. Moreover, the Zinc concentration in the water samples was between 3-14.3 µg/ mL. The Zinc concentration in the blood serum samples of the control and the healthy group was 598 ± 32 µg/mL, and in the patient group was 450 ± 16 µg/mL.
A case of severe corneal-conjunctival xerosis in a 3-year-old child with alimentary vitamin A deficiency
Authors:   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (eye) for children and adults, St. Petersburg, Kozyreva A.A. , Petrova E.S. ,   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (eye) for children and adults, St. Petersburg, Stoycheva M.M. ,   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (eye) for children and adults, St. Petersburg, Ershova R.V. ,   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (eye) for children and adults, St. Petersburg, Frolov O.A. ,   Diagnostic Center No. 7 (eye) for children and adults, St. Petersburg
Published: November 2022

Purpose is to present a rare clinical case of «dry eye syndrome» in vitamin A deficiency. Xerophthalmia due to avitaminosis A is also typical mainly for residents (mainly children) of the countries of South and East Asia, some parts of Africa, the Middle East and Latin America. However, such patients can also be found in our country (children with poor absorption of vitamin A, with severe allergies, etc.). The pathogenesis of the pathology under consideration is the underdevelopment of epithelial and goblet cells of the conjunctiva, the differentiation of which is normally regulated by vitamin A metabolites. As a result, squamous metaplasia of the epithelium develops, followed by keratinization of the conjunctiva, which can later lead to keratomalacia, a xerotic corneal ulcer, and its perforation. Keywords: corneal-conjunctival xerosis, dry eye syndrome, ocular surface xerosis, hypovitaminosis A
Eye complications after coronavirus
Authors:   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Plyaskina U.S. , Biryukov V.V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Frolov M.A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Vorobyeva I.V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Published: November 2022

Purpose. Identification of complications in patients in the post-reconvalescence period after suffering COVID-19 and proof of the relationship of these complications with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Material and methods. We recruited and studied patients in the amount of 68 people of different age categories, from 20 to 65 years old with confirmed COVID-19 cases. For the subjects, we performed basic ophthalmic examinations, as well as ultrasound, pupillography, Worth's test, four-point test, cover test, and determination of the Hirschberg angle of strabismus. Results. We identified patients with uveitis (36 %), heterotropia (13 %), of which 3 subjects were diagnosed with ptosis and anisocoria (4 %), thrombosis of the CVS branches (7 %), partial hemophthalmos (12 %). In the remaining cases (32 %), no ocular manifestations were found. Conclusions. The virus is really capable of infecting the organ of vision. After the studies, we consider the nervous tissue of the eye and its vessels to be the main targets of the coronavirus. Of greatest interest is the possibility of its neurotropicity, since some subjects suffer from deep innervation of the cranial nerves. This, in turn, gives us a platform for further study of the coronavirus, its capabilities and the impact of its nonnervous tissue of the visual analyzer. Keywords: coronavirus, ocular complications, uveitis, iridocyclitis, heterotropia, ptosis, anisocoria, CVD branch thrombosis, hemophthalmos
Chronic ophthalmochlamydial infections
Authors:   Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan State Medical University of Turkmenistan named after Myrat Garryev Scientific and Clinical Center of Eye Diseases, Rejepova A.S. , Annayeva G.H. ,   Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan State Medical University of Turkmenistan named after Myrat Garryev Scientific and Clinical Center of Eye Diseases, Ovezova A.A. ,   Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan State Medical University of Turkmenistan named after Myrat Garryev Scientific and Clinical Center of Eye Diseases, Atajanova S.A. ,   Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of Turkmenistan State Medical University of Turkmenistan named after Myrat Garryev Scientific and Clinical Center of Eye Diseases
Published: November 2022

Eye lesions in the structure of chlamydia occupy one of the leading places, the proportion in adults ranges from 3 to 30 % of all cases of conjunctivitis. 130 patients with sluggish chronic conjunctivitis aged 19–50 years were examined, including 90 women and 40 men. The duration of the disease was from 3 months to 5 years. The traditional cytological method was used as the main diagnostic method to determine the etiological cause of chronic inflammation. According to the results of clinical and laboratory examination of patients with chronic conjunctivitis, chlamydial infection was detected in 9.2 % of cases with the presence of dry eye syndrome (DES) – in 6.2 %. Thus, it is necessary to improve the quality of timely diagnosis of acute chlamydial infection, without leading to a chronic form of the disease. The traditional cytological method remains quite informative for the diagnosis of conjunctival ophthalmochlamydia. Keywords: chronic conjunctivitis, chlamydial infection, conjunctival scraping, cytogram, Prowacheck – Halberstadter inclusions
Surgical treatment results of purulent corneal ulcers in HIV patients
Authors:   Kemerovo Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Sozurakova E.A. ,   Kemerovo State University, Grоmakina E.V. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tretyak E.A. ,   Kemerovo Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Shchigareva S.O. ,   Kemerovo Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Tkacheva M.B. ,   Kemerovo Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital, Pomeshkina E.E. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: November 2022

Purulent corneal ulcers – severe inflammatory disease, often with unfavourable outcome. Therapeutic keratoplasty of this disease is the main treatment way. The total number of HIV cases in Russia and throughout the world is permanently increasing. 75 % of HIV-infected have ophthalmology manifestations, among all of them only 5 % is infection corneal lesions. The information about patients initial immune status could contribute to the successful surgical results. Results of surgical treatment of corneal ulcer in HIV-patients was analysed. Period of operations was from 2018 to 2022 years and the clinical base was Kemerovo Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital. Among patients were 2 females and 4 males, the age was from 36 to 72 years old. Penetrating keratoplasty for emergency reasons with tectonic or organ preservation aims was made for all of them. Retrospective analysis showed that transparent engraftment of the transplant was better after the only operation. The secondary keratoplasty was needed in 50 % cases. Corneal leucoma after the keratoplasty and the previous infection was in patients with 10 years HIV-infection in the anamnesis regardless of the number of keratoplasty and young ages of patients. Transparent condition of transplant was for the period from 4 months to 2 years and there were only uveitis after keratoplasty, there were not any cases of endophthalmitis. Keywords: purulent corneal ulcer; HIV-infection; keratoplasty
Retrospective analysis of complicated panuveitis associated with COVID-19
Authors:   Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky, Tatarenko I.G. , Pavlova O.V. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky, Nikolaeva G.A. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky, Tsurova L.M. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky, Radaikina M.V. ,   Samara Regional Clinical Ophthalmological Hospital named after T.I. Eroshevsky
Published: November 2022

The work is devoted to the analysis of the development of possible causes of severe panuveitis in COVID-associated patients. The article considers 4 clinical cases of postcoid panuveitis involving orbital tissues with activation of saprophytic microbial flora, which ended with removal of the eyeball. A morphological study of the removed eyes was carried out. The mechanisms of development of postcovoid panuveitis are considered (a scheme is proposed). Recommendations of extended examinations and correction of the generally accepted therapy of panuveitis are given. Keywords: coronovirus, COVID-19, panuveitis, developmental pattern, orbital lesion, microbial complication, enucleation, morphology
Clinical case of acanthamoebic keratitis. Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment
Authors:   Sverdlovsk region state budgetary healthcare institution “Сentral city hospital №2”, Yekaterinburg., Filimoshkina I.A. , Orlova O.L. ,   Sverdlovsk region state budgetary healthcare institution “Сentral city hospital №2”, Yekaterinburg.
Published: November 2022

Acanthamoebic keratitis (AK) is a serious disease caused by the simplest acanthamoeba. Often it is associated with the wearing of contact lenses (CL) (80 –90 %). The article describes a clinical case of AK of both eyes associated with wearing soft contact lenses (MCL). The diagnosis was based on the patient's complaints, medical history and clinical presentation. Treatment was performed both topically and systemically and long-term follow-up on an outpatient basis. As a result, the active inflammatory process was stopped. Subsequently, in a calm period, the patient underwent through keratoplasty, reconstruction of the anterior chamber of the right eye. At the moment, the patient's vision allows him to lead a full life without any restrictions. Conclusions were drawn from this example: 1) determining the etiology of keratitis is extremely difficult; 2) CL users are obliged to know the risks and rules of wearing CL; 3) AK treatment is a long, difficult, not always successful and experimental process. The issue of patient routing and timely operative treatment under the compulsory health insurance system remains relevant. Keywords: аcantamoeba, acanthamoebic keratitis, clinical case, contact lenses, drug treatment
Observation of a patient with acute retinal necrosis for a long period of time
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Arbenyeva N.S. , Bratko V.I. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk, Trunov A.N. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk,   Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Chernykh V.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Novosibirsk
Published: November 2022

The medical and social significance of one of the most severe inflammatory diseases of the posterior segment of the eye, which includes acute retinal necrosis (ARN), is determined by the high degree of disability of patients. ARN occurs in somatically healthy people, but occurs more often among people suffering from immunosuppressive diseases or receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The diagnosis of ARN is made on the basis of clinical examination data according to the criteria developed in 1994 by the American Society of Uveitis Specialists. The prognosis of ARN is relatively unfavorable: the pathological process leads to practical blindness in 64 %, in 60 % there is a significant decrease in visual acuity. ARN is complicated by the development of retinal detachment in 65–75 %. Treatment of ARN includes intensive antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory therapy. Purpose: description of the observation of a patient with acute retinal necrosis over a long period of time. Material and methods. A long-term clinical observation of a patient with acute retinal necrosis for the period from 2008 to 2021 is presented. The patient underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, optical coherence tomography of the macular area, and ultrasound. Results. The development of ARN in the patient was observed after ARVI. Antiinflammatory treatment of ARN and surgical treatment of complications were carried out in the conditions of the academician S.N. Fyodorov Federal State Institution National Medical Research Center «Intersectoral Research and Technology Complex «Eye microsurgery» Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation», Novosibirsk Branch. The presented clinical case allows us to demonstrate the severe course of the pathological process and the development of serious complications. Timely conservative, laser and surgical treatment, active dynamic monitoring, despite the unfavorable prognosis for vision, made it possible to maintain residual vision in the patient. Conclusions. ARN is an important problem that requires further study and development of effective methods for early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of recurrence of this disease. Keywords: acute retinal necrosis; anti-inflammatory treatment
Prediction of corneal complications in patients with paralytic lagophthalmos
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kaluga branch, Gushchina M.B. , Tereshchenko A.V. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kaluga branch, Afanasyeva D.S. ,   V.P. Vyhodcev Eye Hospital, Omsk, Nadtochiy A.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Paralytic lagophthalmos can be accompanied by the development of severe complications up to the loss of visual functions and even the eye as an organ. Purpose. To identify the causes of severe corneal complications in patients with paralytic lagophthalmos. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 114 clinical cases of paralytic lagophthalmos. All the patients received tear replacement therapy. For diagnostics, all of them underwent ophthalmological examination, corneal estesiometry, eyeball mobility assessment, Schirmer test 1, photography of the corneal surface with and without fluorescein staining, Hertel exophthalmometry, measurement of the ocular slit parameters and determination of the severity of Bell's symptom. Results. In patients with preserved corneal sensitivity and a positive Bell's symptom, the cornea was transparent. Although, in patients with normal corneal sensitivity and a weakened Bell's symptom, regardless of the severity of lagophthalmos, there was epithelial roughness in the lower parts of the cornea and uneven staining were noted. All the patients with decreased corneal sensitivity had neurotrophic keratopathy with various pathological changes of the cornea, up to perforation, in combination with pronounced uneven staining of the epithelium over its entire surface. Conclusion. In paralytic lagophthalmos, the risk of developing corneal complications increases significantly in patients with decreased corneal sensitivity and weakened or negative Bell's symptom on the affected side. Keywords: Bell's symptom, protective function of the eyelids, facial nerve, oculomotor nerve, trigeminal nerve, tear replacement therapy, neurotrophic keratopathy
Risks of uveitis recurrence in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors:   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Dmitrieva A.A. , Dmitriev E.V. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Saint Petersburg
Published: November 2022

This paper analyses the medical cases of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis with eye damage. The analysis results show that basic methotrexate chemotherapy singly or in combination with genetically engineered biological drugs is the most effective solution for controlling the disease process of uveitis. Reduction of age-specific dosage or withdrawal of drugs with sustained clinical laboratory remissions of uveitis bears the risks of recurrence or occurrence of damage to the membranes of the eye. Keywords: uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis, therapy
Surgical treatment of the ophthalmological complications of the adnexa in patients with corneal ulcer. A clinical case
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Tambov branch, Tambov, Ivolgina I.V.
Published: November 2022

Corneal ulcer is destructive and inflammatory changes in the cornea of the eye, with damage to the epithelium and melting of the deeper layers, accompanied by the formation of an ulcer. The lack of effect of drug treatment may be accompanied by a complication – corneal perforation, which is an absolute indication for surgical treatment: autoconjunctival corneal plasty, various types of keratoplasty. A clinical case of ophthalmic complications of the adnexa of the eye in patients with corneal ulcer, observed in the Tambov branch of the «Eye Microsurgery» complex is presented. The patient underwent therapeutic lamellar keratoplasty with autoplasty of the cornea with a conjunctival flap and temporary blepharoplasty. In the postoperative period a violation of the position of the lower eyelid (eversion), nonclosure of the palpebral fissure was revealed. The causes of this pathology were: involutional lysis of the retractor, its detachment during autoplasty of the cornea with a conjunctival flap, inflammation and scarring of the conjunctiva, and the formation of symblepharon. The patient was diagnosed with a complete ectropion of the tarsal plate – «tarsal ectropion», symblepharon and lagophthalmos. Combined surgical treatment was performed: dissection of symblepharon with plastic surgery of the conjunctival cavity, fornix and transplantation of a free mucosal flap from the lip; elimination of ectropion (refixation of the lower eyelid retractor with fixation to the tarso-orbital fascia) and blepharorrhaphy. The presence of complex ectropions of degree IV requires a combination of different techniques, and the need for conjunctival transplantation also arises. Surgical treatment of symblepharon with plasty with a free mucosal flap from the lip makes it possible to restore the anatomy of the eyelid, conjunctival cavity and fornix. Entropion of the lower eyelid can be eliminated by creating a duplication, refixation of the retractor to the inferoposterior edge of the cartilage and fixation to the tarsoorbital fascia. A positive result has been achieved as a result of combined treatment, which consists in restoring the protective function of the eyelids, maintaining residual visual functions, and eliminating the risk of losing the eye as an organ. It was also possible to improve the quality of life of the patient, relieving him of lacrimation, corneal dryness. Keywords: corneal ulcer, keratitis, ectropion, lagophthalmos
What can we learn from Deferred Tax Accountig?
Authors: Görlitz Anna
Published: November 2022

The StuFo-Expo gives me the opportunity to make my research accessible to a broad, interdisciplinary public as part of my doctoral project. I also get the chance to get to know research topics, results and methods across disciplines. It is a unique project that connects students with one another and promotes important student skills. The topic of my research is the value relevance of deferred taxes. I am investigating the question of whether deferred taxes provide additional information for various stakeholders when predicting future corporate development. To do this, I analyze the almost 1,800 available annual financial statements of all companies listed in the DAX Prime Standard between 2007 and 2018. The poster I submitted shows that deferred taxes help forecast the development of the market value of equity up to two years in advance. Deferred tax assets as probable future tax repayments contribute positively to the company value and therefore to the market value, and deferred tax liabilities as probable future tax payments contribute negatively to the company value and therefore to the market value. I can also prove that the supplementary reporting on deferred taxes is rated negatively by market participants. Possible reasons for this are the high complexity of the information and the lack of transferability of this information to balance sheet and income statement figures. Interview studies also show that trust in deferred taxes and the associated reporting is low, as stakeholders suspect that deferred taxes are at least partially used for accounting policy.
Social Belonging - A Cue to Success?!
Authors: Gordalla Barbara
Published: November 2022

Currently, the percentage of female students in STEM majors is about 17% lower than in other majors. What factors lead to this situation? A variety of factors impact student choice and persistence. The underlying master's thesis examined the relationships between gender, social belonging, belonging uncertainty, stereotype fit, and chilly climate. In particular, the focus was on exploring the influence of social belonging on selected success parameters (identification, expectation of success, turnover intention, grade point average, and number of third attempts to pass an exam performance). It also examined whether Stereotype Fit acts as a mediator on the relationship between gender and Social Belonging. The study was based on an online survey at the Faculty of Physics at the TU Dresden. The results show that women reported lower scores in Social Belonging and Stereotype Fit, and higher scores in Belonging Uncertainty. Identification was predicted by both Social Belonging and Belonging Uncertainty. Expectation of success was significantly affected by gender and Social Belonging. For grade point average and turnover intention, Social Belonging was the only significant predictor. The number of third attempts was positively predicted by Belonging Uncertainty. The hypothesis that Stereotype Fit is a mediator could not be supported by the data. Instead, exploratory mediation analyses show that Social Belonging and Belonging Uncertainty are more likely to be mediators of the relationship between gender and Stereotype Fit. All results suggest that Social Belonging is an important factor for women's success in STEM fields. Therefore, it can be inferred that promoting Social Belonging in college would have a positive impact on women's success. Current research shows that Social Belonging can be increased through low-cost and brief interventions. Implementation of promotional opportunities in the educational context is recommended as part of further research. My sincere thanks go to Dr. Anika Ihmels for the empowering supervision during the master thesis as well as the Faculty of Physics, its Equal Opportunity Officer and the FSR Physics, who made the survey possible and supported it.
Rocket Engine on a Student Budget
Authors: Lederer Gregor
Published: November 2022

A technical project alongside the University courses can deepen the understanding and increase the motivation for the subject of choice. As a student, there is often a hurdle to start such a project because of a lack of inspiration. And even after overcoming this, the costs associated with such a project may put students off. With my project I show how a 3rd semester Mechanical Engineering student can design and manufacture a rocket engine with all testing components on a student budget. Cost structure and resource planning are explained in detail. I launched the project in December 2020 and in September 2021 it was presented at the StuFoExpo21. A general curiosity for the topic and a basic understanding of mechanical engineering was sufficient for starting the project. Importantly, I gained the most valuable knowledge during the implementation of the project, through active failure-iteration and reading specialised literature. The project is focussed on the design and manufacturing of a rocket engine and its testing components. A special feature is the cooling jacket of the combustion chamber. It has been 3D printed in the SLUB Makerspace, a facility at TU Dresden. Further work packages of the project were the programming of sensors and control systems, first open-air combustion tests of the injector head, safety checks and a Risk & Safety analysis. The first testing and other preliminary work were performed in collaboration with fellow students. During the entire design and manufacturing process I was in continuous exchange with the research group “Space Transportation” of the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at TU Dresden. Special thanks go to Dipl.-Ing. Jan Sieder-Katzmann and Dipl.-Ing. Maximilian Buchholz for their help during this process. For 2022 I plan a test campaign of the rocket engine to collect sensor data and to perform engine thrust measurements.
Exploring farmers´ motivation for collective action : A Q study on collaboration in Dutch agri-environment schemes
Authors: Schneider Margarethe
Published: November 2022

Within the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy, agri-environment schemes (AES) have been designed to address the degradation of the natural environment caused by agriculture. To improve the schemes’ ecological effectiveness, a collective approach focusing on a landscape instead of a single farm level is recommended. This approach is rarely applied across Europe except for the Netherlands, where all AES have to be realised collectively since 2016. As participation in the schemes is voluntary, understanding farmers’ motivation to join is crucial since the uptake and implementation of measures is prerequisite for achieving any effects. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore Dutch farmers’ motivation to participate in collective AES and to find out about the scheme’s main advantages and disadvantages perceived by the farmers. A Q study with 15 farmers from six provinces shows three dominant motivational views: a collective-oriented, a business-oriented and an environment-oriented perspective. All farmers unites their affection and care for nature, which is accompanied by different levels of problem awareness and affiliation to the collective. Financial compensation is deemed important by all, yet rather as necessary mean to enable required changes in farming practices than as additional source of revenue. While the Dutch schemes can still be further improved to allow for more flexibility, a better integration of the farmers’ knowledge and enhanced communication, all farmers dismiss many caveats related to collective action, indicating a potential to promote the Dutch approach beyond national borders.
Machine Learning in Detecting Auditory Sequences in Magnetoencephalography Data : Research Project in Computational Modelling and Simulation
Authors: Shaikh Mohd Faraz
Published: November 2022

Does your brain replay your recent life experiences while you are resting? An open question in neuroscience is which events does our brain replay and is there any correlation between the replay and duration of the event? In this study I tried to investigate this question by using Magnetoencephalography data from an active listening experiment. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique used to study the brain activity and understand brain dynamics in perception and cognitive tasks particularly in the fields of speech and hearing. It records the magnetic field generated in our brains to detect the brain activity. I build a machine learning pipeline which uses part of the experiment data to learn the sound patterns and then predicts the presence of sound in the later part of the recordings in which the participants were made to sit idle and no sound was fed. The aim of the study of test replay of learned sound sequences in the post listening period. I have used classification scheme to identify patterns if MEG responses to different sound sequences in the post task period. The study concluded that the sound sequences can be identified and distinguished above theoretical chance level and hence proved the validity of our classifier. Further, the classifier could predict the sound sequences in the post-listening period with very high probability but in order to validate the model results on post listening period, more evidence is needed.
Die globale Fragmentierung der Klimafinanzierung : Ein Mehr-Ebenen Ansatz mit Fokus auf Deutschland
Authors: Grünauer Philipp
Published: November 2022

Climate neutrality is being put on the political agenda of an increasing number of countries around the world, including Germany and Europe. The goal of achieving greenhouse gas neutrality in Europe by 2050 is a politically agreed consensus through the European Green New Deal. But how should an ecological, economic and social transformation of this magnitude be financed? As diverse and plural as the effects of climate change are, the political and financial cooperation for mitigating and adapting to climate change is decentralized and fragmented. The master's thesis therefore examines the question: What does the degree of fragmentation of global climate finance depend on and how can this be empirically recorded? Starting from a theoretical perspective of fragmented climate finance, German, European and global actors are evaluated with the help of a visual network analysis and structural patterns are interpreted with regard to the degree of fragmentation. Post-colonial structures, changes in norms and sectoral shifts can thus be worked out, as can changes in the constellations of actors and their types. As a result, the German level can be interpreted as largely synergetically fragmented. The European level, on the other hand, is mostly cooperatively fragmented, while the global level is viewed as cooperatively to conflictively fragmented. The innovative approach of evaluating cooperation in climate finance using OECD data in a network analysis is associated with both opportunities and risks. In addition to the content-related results, the method reflection therefore contributes to a scientific discourse on the meaningfulness, usability and didactics of the method in international relations.
Pulp Production by Acetosolv Process
Authors: Barth Winfried
Published: November 2022

Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth and a fascinating compound for a vast variety of applications. It is mostly received from wood, thus it is a renewable resource and a CO2 storing material. One of the most important cellulose products are pulp and paper. The major goal of this work was to obtain a material with a high amount of cellulose through a pulping process of wood. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the wood bers and to remove a component of wood, which is called lignin (deligni cation). The conventional way to delignify wood is the Kraft process that causes serval problems like contamination of lignin with sulfur and the emission of toxic volatile sulfur compounds. Hence, there are alternative processes without sulfur, such as the Acetosolv process. It uses simple chemicals like acetic acid and is easy to handle. After cutting a spruce tree (Picea abies L. Karst.), debarking and chipping, the wood chips were cooked in the laboratory. The research included the chemical analysis of the obtained pulp and the manufacturing and testing of paper sheets. The yield of pulp ranged widely due to the di erent parameters of the cooking. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy were used to observe the decrease of aromatic substances (lignin) and the acetylation of the pulp. With the means of Design of Experiments and statistical analysis the most important factors were identi ed and a mathematical regression model was calculated. The manufactured paper sheets showed good mechanical properties and high transparency. Finally, the Acetosolv process could be considered as a contribution to the upcoming bio-based economy because, in addition to the cellulose bers, the industry would be capable of adding value utilization of the separated lignin. It could be one step to a more sustainable paper and pulp production.
Synergistic activation of RARβ and RARγ nuclear receptors restores cell specialization during stem cell differentiation by hijacking RARα-controlled programs
Authors: Koshy Aysis , Mathieux Elodie , Stüder François , Bramoulle Aude , Lieb Michele , Colombo Bruno Maria , Gronemeyer Hinrich , Mendoza-Parra Marco Antonio
Published: November 2022

How cells respond to different external cues to develop along defined cell lineages to form complex tissues is a major question in systems biology. Here, we investigated the potential of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)–selective synthetic agonists to activate the gene regulatory programs driving cell specialization during nervous tissue formation from embryonic carcinoma (P19) and mouse embryonic (E14) stem cells. Specifically, we found that the synergistic activation of the RARβ and RARγ by selective ligands (BMS641 or BMS961) induces cell maturation to specialized neuronal subtypes, and to astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursors. Using RAR isotype knockout lines exposed to RAR-specific agonists, interrogated by global transcriptome landscaping and in silico modeling of transcription regulatory signal propagation, revealed major RARα-driven gene programs essential for optimal neuronal cell specialization and hijacked by the synergistic activation of the RARβ and RARγ receptors. Overall, this study provides a systems biology view of the gene programs accounting for the previously observed redundancy between RARs, paving the way toward their potential use for directing cell specialization during nervous tissue formation.
MUSIC LEARNING IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN AN ELECTRONIC ENVIRONMENT. DIFFICULTIES, PROBLEMS, POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Authors:   Primary School „Ekzarh Antim І“, Plovdiv, Hristova Lyubomira
Published: November 2022

Using the cloud platform Google for Education, the usage of various instruments in music lessons, so as to support and complement the methodology in music education is highly important in the contemporary education. Music education is not an exception, on the contrary – a music teacher should answer a number of issues that have to be resolved in the process of teaching, according to his technical and technological skills, the age of students, the school features – classes, etc. Teacher’s talking time is reduced during the lesson, which is definitely in favour of students, so that they are active participants in the educational process, they are taught by the teacher to infer meaning of new terminology, to use the previous knowledge in a context which definitely activates their students’ schemata and contributes to their future development in different educational spheres.
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES WITH INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES – A TOOL FOR MOTIVATION IN THE PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors:   University „Prof. Dr Asen Zlatarov“, Burgas, Dimitrova Krasimira , Andonova Diyana ,   Primary school „Mikhail Lakatnik“, Burgas
Published: November 2022

The development of computer and Internet technologies leads to changes in all spheres of historical life. Searching, finding and processing information to acquire completely new dimensions. Internet technologies enable the dissemination of information, cooperation, communication and interaction. Educational resources that can be used with students of different ages have an important place. Through them, learners are motivated for learning activities, overcome the stress of a possible wrong answer, have fun, use educational games. This article explores the possibilities of using Internet applications to create educational resources and games and applications in elementary school. Sample resources designed to work with students, future educators, during the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 school years are provided.
CODING WITH PYTHON AT 6TH GRADE. CREATE ANIMATED OBJECTS. KEYBOARD OBJECT MOVEMENT CONTROL
Authors:   University „Prof. Dr Asen Zlatarov“, Burgas, Papancheva Rumyana , Glushkova Todorka ,   Plovdiv University „Paisii Hilendarski“, Plovdiv
Published: November 2022

The paper presents an example lesson plan for teaching the school subject Computer Modelling and ICT at 6th grade. The focus is on coding with Python. Ways of creating animated objects are presented. The control of the movement of an object from the computer keyboard is programmed. Keywords: computer modelling, animation, keyboard control, coding, Python.
ISONIT. AN INTERDISCIPLINARY LESSON IN 4-TH GRADE
Authors:   First Primary School „St. Cyril and St. Methodius“, Gotse Delchev, Valcheva Gergana
Published: November 2022

The lesson „Isonit“ is an example of successful combination between the traditional and the innovative, between different disciplinary subjects, combined with care and passion by the students themselves. They love to be creative. During the „Interest Activities“ classes, the fourth graders welcome with eager the unorthodox topics, which, some of them are getting familiar for the first time. This eagerness of theirs I used to introduce them to the world of thread art, where by using strings with different colours one can create a beautiful picture. The class was conducted as a multidisciplinary, as it combined a few different subjects in the making – Literature, History, Music, and Interest Activities. From the world of fairytales we were transferred to the game „Who wants to be a millionaire?“, we sang one of the most beautiful songs from the Pirin area, and started embroidering with the colourful string to create a beautiful pictures. Pictures which managed to amaze all people attending in the classroom. Keywords: wood, thread, interweaving, dexterity, creativity.