bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poor outcome with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for bone marrow failure and MDS with severe MIRAGE syndrome phenotype
Authors: Sarthy Jay , Zha Ji , Babushok Daria , Shenoy Archana , Fan Jian-Meng , Wertheim Gerald , Himebauch Adam , Munchel Ashley , Taraseviciute Agne , Yang Samuel , Shima Hirohito , Narumi Satoshi , Meshinchi Soheil , Olson Timothy S.
Published: March 2018

Key Points

Success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MIRAGE syndrome may be limited by syndrome-specific comorbidities.

SAMD9 mutations associated with MIRAGE syndrome are a newly described cause of congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Exosomal microRNA-32-5p induces multidrug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Fu Xiao , Liu Mengjie , Qu Shengyang , Ma Jiequn , Zhang Yamin , Shi Tingting , Wen Hongqing , Yang Yujuan , Wang Shuhong , Wang Jing , Nan Kejun , Yao Yu , Tian Tao
Published: March 2018

Background

Multidrug resistance is the main obstacle for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. miR-32-5p is involved in HCC progression but its function in multidrug resistance is still unclear. Here we aim to find out the function of miR-32-5p in inducing multidrug resistance and its underlying mechanisms of transforming sensitive cell to resistant cell.

Methods

We detected the expression of miR-32-5p and PTEN in the multidrug-resistant cell line (Bel/5-FU) and the sensitive cell line (Bel7402), HCC and para-carcinoma liver tissues through real-time PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified PTEN is the target of miR-32-5p. Exosomes from sensitive and multidrug resistant cell line were obtained and confirmed through ultracentrifuge and Nano Analyzer. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments, rescue experiments, a PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor, an exosome biogenesis inhibitor, and nude mice xenograft models were used to determine the underlying mechanisms of miR-32-5p and PTEN, as well as exosomal miR-32-5p in inducing multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo.

Results

miR-32-5p was significantly elevated but PTEN was reduced in Bel/5-FU. An inverse correlation between miR-32-5p and PTEN was confirmed in HCC cell lines and patients; moreover, high expression of miR-32-5p and low expression of PTEN were positively associated with poor prognosis. Over-expression of miR-32-5p activated the PI3K/Akt pathway by suppressing PTEN and induced multidrug resistance via exosomes through promoting angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Conclusions

Our study demonstrated that the multidrug-resistant cell, Bel/5-FU delivers miR-32-5p to sensitive cell, Bel7402 by exosomes and activates the PI3K/Akt pathway to further induce multidrug resistance by modulating angiogenesis and EMT.
Adherence intervention for HIV-infected persons who use drugs: adaptation, open trial, and pilot randomized hybrid type 1 trial protocol
Authors: Claborn Kasey , Becker Sara , Operario Don , Safren Steve , Rich Josiah D. , Ramsey Susan
Published: March 2018

Background

HIV-infected people who use drugs (PWUD) exhibit the highest rates of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV. This contributes to poor treatment outcomes, increased morbidity and mortality, and HIV transmission. However, current interventions fail to address the unique barriers to adherence faced by this population. Life Steps is a brief, single session intervention that demonstrated increased ART adherence among HIV-infected individuals. This study protocol seeks to improve clinical practice by adapting Life Steps for HIV-infected PWUD and adding a brief motivational intervention addressing drug use. This intervention will incorporate educational, motivational, and behavioral skills components specifically aimed at improving adherence and linkage to substance use treatment among HIV-infected PWUD.

Methods

This project will consist of three phases using a mixed-methods approach. In Phase 1, qualitative interviews with HIV-infected PWUD and community providers, coupled with feedback from an expert review panel, will be used to enhance the existing Life Steps manual and interventionist training protocol. In Phase 2, the prototype will be pilot tested and qualitative exit interviews with HPWUD will identify the strengths and limitations of the intervention. Data regarding feasibility, acceptability, and barriers to delivery will guide modifications to finalize a modified Life Steps-Drug Use (LS-DU) protocol. In Phase 3, a pilot type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial will examine the effectiveness of LS-DU relative to a health education intervention control condition on ART adherence and viral load data at 1-, 3-, and 6-months. Data regarding clinic readiness for implementation and intervention sustainability potential will be collected.

Discussion

This protocol will adapt and evaluate an intervention to improve adherence among HIV-infected PWUD. Results of this study will provide significant data on the acceptability, initial effectiveness, and sustainability potential of an adherence intervention for a high risk and underserved population.

Trial registration NCT02907697
Agent-based models and industrial organization theory. A price-competition algorithm for agent-based models based on Game Theory
Authors: Sanchez-Cartas Juan Manuel
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Simulating markets using agent-based models must consider pricing. However, the strategic nature of prices limits the development of agent-based models with endogenous price competition.

Methods

I propose an agent-based algorithm based on Game Theory that allows us to simulate the pricing in different markets. I test the algorithm in five theoretical economic models from the industrial organization literature.

Results

In all cases, the algorithm is capable of simulating the optimal pricing of those markets. It is also tested in two more cases: one in which the original work fails to predict the optimal outcome, and another one that is quite complex to solve analytically. Lastly, I present two potential extensions of this algorithm: one dynamic, and another one based on quantity competition.

Conclusions

This algorithm opens the door to the extensive inclusion of pricing in agent-based models, but also, it helps to establish a link between the industrial organization literature and the agent-based modeling.
Community mental health in rural India: the Shifa project in Padhar Hospital, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Ebenezer Johann A. , Drake Robert E.
Published: March 2018

People with severe mental disorders in rural India have minimal access to mental health services. Project Shifa entails outreach to patients and families in 75 villages in rural central India. A team of local health workers led by one psychiatrist provide assessment, medications, education and follow-up services.
How do doctors deliver a diagnosis of dementia in memory clinics?
Authors: Dooley Jemima , Bass Nick , McCabe Rose
Published: March 2018

Background

Dementia diagnosis rates are increasing. Guidelines recommend that people with dementia should be told their diagnosis clearly and honestly to facilitate future planning.

Aims

To analyse how doctors deliver a dementia diagnosis in practice.

Method

Conversation analysis was conducted on 81 video-recorded diagnosis feedback meetings with 20 doctors from nine UK memory clinics.

Results

All doctors named dementia; 59% (n = 48) approached the diagnosis indirectly but delicately (‘this is dementia’) and 41% (n = 33) approached this directly but bluntly (‘you have Alzheimer's disease’). Direct approaches were used more often with people with lower cognitive test scores. Doctors emphasised that the dementia was mild and tended to downplay its progression, with some avoiding discussing prognosis altogether.

Conclusions

Doctors are naming dementia to patients. Direct approaches reflect attempts to ensure clear diagnosis. Downplaying and avoiding prognosis demonstrates concerns about preserving hope but may compromise understanding about and planning for the future.

Declaration of interest

None.
CD36 Modulates Fasting and Preabsorptive Hormone and Bile Acid Levels
Authors: Shibao Cyndya A , Celedonio Jorge E , Tamboli Robyn , Sidani Reem , Love-Gregory Latisha , Pietka Terri , Xiong Yanhua , Wei Yan , Abumrad Naji N , Abumrad Nada A , Flynn Charles Robb
Published: March 2018

Context

Abnormal fatty acid (FA) metabolism contributes to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The FA receptor CD36 has been linked to risk of metabolic syndrome. In rodents CD36 regulates various aspects of fat metabolism, but whether it has similar actions in humans is unknown. We examined the impact of a coding single-nucleotide polymorphism in CD36 on postprandial hormone and bile acid (BA) responses.

Objective

To examine whether the minor allele (G) of coding CD36 variant rs3211938 (G/T), which reduces CD36 level by ∼50%, influences hormonal responses to a high-fat meal (HFM).

Design

Obese African American (AA) women carriers of the G allele of rs3211938 (G/T) and weight-matched noncarriers (T/T) were studied before and after a HFM.

Setting

Two-center study.

Participants

Obese AA women.

Intervention

HFM.

Main Outcome Measures

Early preabsorptive responses (10 minutes) and extended excursions in plasma hormones [C-peptide, insulin, incretins, ghrelin fibroblast growth factor (FGF)19, FGF21], BAs, and serum lipoproteins (chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoprotein) were determined.

Results

At fasting, G-allele carriers had significantly reduced cholesterol and glycodeoxycholic acid and consistent but nonsignificant reductions of serum lipoproteins. Levels of GLP-1 and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were reduced 60% to 70% and those of total BAs were 1.8-fold higher. After the meal, G-allele carriers displayed attenuated early (−10 to 10 minute) responses in insulin, C-peptide, GLP-1, gastric inhibitory peptide, and PP. BAs exhibited divergent trends in G allele carriers vs noncarriers concomitant with differential FGF19 responses.

Conclusions

CD36 plays an important role in the preabsorptive hormone and BA responses that coordinate brain and gut regulation of energy metabolism.
Recent advances in antiviral interferon-stimulated gene biology
Authors: Schoggins John W.
Published: March 2018

The interferon response protects cells from invading viral pathogens by transcriptionally inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), some of which encode effectors with varied antiviral functions. As screening technologies improve and mouse model development quickens, more ISGs are continually being identified, characterized mechanistically, and evaluated for protective rolesin vivo. This review highlights selected recent findings of ISG effectors that contribute to our understanding of the interferon antiviral response.
Social Connections Within Executive Teams and Management Forecasts
Authors: Ke Ruihao , Li Meng , Ling Zhejia , Zhang Yuan
Published: March 2018

We examine the role of teamwork within the top executive teams in generating management forecasts. Using social connections within the executive team to capture the team’s interaction, cooperation, and teamwork, we find that social connections among team members are associated with higher management forecast accuracy, consistent with economic theories that information is dispersed within a firm and with sociology insights that social connections facilitate information sharing. Further analyses show that the association between social connections and forecast accuracy is stronger when the teams are just beginning to work together, when their firms face more uncertainty or adversity, and when the CEOs are less powerful. Our results hold for a subsample of executive teams that experience pseudo exogenous shocks to their social connectedness. Taken together, our results underscore the importance of teamwork among executives in the forecast generation process.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.
Η διδασκαλια της γραμματικης στο πλαισιο της επικοινωνιακης
Authors: Tsitsanoúdis Nikoletta , Mítsi Antonía
Published: March 2018

This paper is based on the new teaching principles concerning grammar, in the frame ofcommunicative approach and the utilization of communicative function of language.Specifically, we present the first results of a teaching test on students of an elementarygreek school. There are involved pupils of the fifth class of the 2nd elementary schoolof New Erithrea in Attica. Children received extracts from literary and other textsincluded in the referential discourse and especially in the kind of description.ΤΟ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟ ΒΛΕΜΜΑ – O OLHAR GREGO - No.1/2016 – UERJ - Brasil18The basic position emerging concerns the utilization of authentic texts producednaturally and directly reflect the mechanisms by which grammatical phenomena servecommunication.As concluded, the acquisition of grammar is a multilayered and complex process.Νew knowledge is not mechanically added to the existing one, but is incorporated in away that contributes to the reorganization of the previous experience of the student andrebuilds the whole grammatical system. This means that the assessment of grammarcannot be reduced to a limited phenomenon. On the contrary, the development of thisgrammatical phenomenon in a communicative use is required.
Working for rider safety
Authors: Williams Claire
Published: March 2018

With the imminent launch of BETA Safety Week, British Equestrian Trade Association executive director Claire Williams discusses the new annual initiative to promote rider safety
Tuberculosis on the intensive care unit
Authors: Passi Neha N , Buckley Jim
Published: March 2018

Patients with tuberculosis admitted to the intensive care unit represent a small (1–3%) yet significant subset of the global tuberculosis burden. This article reviews current evidence supporting the diagnosis and management of patients with tuberculosis admitted to an intensive care unit from a combination of cohort studies and national and international tuberculosis guidelines. This review considers admission, diagnosis, mechanical ventilation, infection control, treatment and prognosis of patients with tuberculosis admitted to an intensive care unit. It highlights both diagnostic and management challenges and areas where ambiguity remains and further evidence is required.
Analisis Bidang Longsor Menggunakan Pendekatan Terpadu Geolistrik, Geoteknik Dan Geokomputer di Negeri Lima Ambon
Authors: Souisa Matheus , Hendrajaya Lilik , Handayani Gunawan
Published: March 2018

Telah digunakan banyak metode untuk mengkaji permasalahan longsor dari sudut pandangan pendekatan satu-disiplin, interdisiplin maupun multidisiplin. Beberapa metode sedang dikembangkan untuk dipadukan dalam investigasi longsor selama dekade terakhir ini, fokus studi diarahkan menggunakan pendekatan investigasi multidisiplin seperti survei geolistrik, geoteknik dan geokomputasi untuk menentukan potensi longsor sehingga dapat meminimalisir bencana longsor. Hasil kajian memberikan bidang gelincir terletak pada kelompok resistivitas menengah dengan jenis pasir atau pasir lempungan yang menindih kelompok resistivitas tinggi yang berupa batulempung keras (bedrock). Berdasarkan nilai faktor keamanan lereng, bidang gelincir ini berada pada keadaan kurang stabil. Sedangkan penerapan geokomputasi menunjukkan lokasi kajian ditafsirkan berada dalam zona bahaya yang tinggi sehingga sangat berpotensi adanya longsor susulan. Dari hasil kajian terpadu, lokasi kajian masih dalam kondisi tidak aman dan bisa terjadi longsor susulan jika dipicu oleh faktor luar. Untuk meminimalisir longsor susulan dengan menurunkan muka air tanah adalah menggunakan model tol air dengan memanfaatkan sungai-sungai kecil/besar yang terdapat di bawah lereng/tebing untuk dapat dialirkan air pada musim hujan
Gestão de dados de pesquisa: um panorama da atuação da União Europeia
Authors: Cavalcanti Márcia Teixeira , Sales Luana Farias
Published: March 2018

Se, na década passada, as discussões que se iniciaram pelos anos de 1970 ainda ocupavam o espaço acadêmico sobre qual o posicionamento que a comunidade científica seguiria em relação aos meios e modos de divulgação de sua produção, mais um elemento surge para aumentar o debate: a necessidade de compartilhamento dos dados da pesquisa. Cada vez mais os dados de pesquisa passam a ter um papel significativo dentro do cenário científico mundial. A proposta deste trabalho é realizar um mapeamento dos repositórios de dados de pesquisa existentes nos países membros da União Europeia, inclusive realizando um levantamento que quantifique o número de repositórios de dados existentes nestes países. Foi acessado o link de cada país relacionado, disponível no documento do Openaire intitulado “Overview of Open Access in the EU member states”, fazendo uma revisão sistemática sobre a existência e a quantidade de repositório de dados de pesquisa e como descrevem seu funcionamento. Como resultado, o artigo apresenta uma sistematização do panorama atual da gestão de dados de pesquisa e dos repositórios existentes e um panorama geral das políticas implementadas e em desenvolvimento na UE.
Evolución, ética y religión Introducción al pensamiento de Francisco J. Ayala
Authors: Bermejo Diego
Published: March 2018

El debate de la teoría de la evolución sigue vivo en torno a cuestiones fronterizas suscitadas desde la ética y desde la religión. Francisco J. Ayala, biólogo darwiniano y científico humanista, propone un equilibrio elegante en las relaciones entre ciencia, ética y religión, contra fundamentalismos cientistas y religiosos, considerando la teoría darwiniana de la selección natural como un regalo para la ciencia y para la teología, y defendiendo la compatibilidad de ambas para una visión más rica de la vida humana. Los tres apartados de este escrito pueden valer como una primera introducción al pensamiento filosófico del profesor Ayala, que piensa desde la ciencia, pero más allá de la ciencia: 1) la revolución darwiniana (la ciencia como cuestión de hecho), 2) la naturaleza humana biológica y cultural (la ética como cuestión de valor) y 3) la complementariedad entre ciencia y religión (la religión como cuestión de sentido).
Naturaleza humana en perspectiva Biohermenéutica
Authors: Conill Sancho Jesús
Published: March 2018

Me propongo mostrar que tanto la naturalización, ahora también en versión neurológica, como la tecnologización contemporáneas son fruto de interpretaciones que pretenden ofrecer una nueva imagen del hombre, por ejemplo, a través de fórmulas como la de «homo poieticus» (incluso cabría decir «neuropoieticus»). Pero la cuestión decisiva es ver si a partir de estas nuevas imágenes se puede reconstruir la realidad personal, manteniendo las pretensiones expresadas mediante el valor de dignidad de la persona humana o quedan realmente sustituidas por otras que rebasan el sentido humanizador, por el que desde diversas tradiciones nos comprendemos e intentamos mejorar la vida humana. A tal efecto, quisiera aprovechar no sólo el siempre fecundo pensamiento aristotélico, sino también el kantiano y nietzscheano, en versión hermenéutica, y su enlace con la tradición de la filosofía española de Ortega, Zubiri y Laín, porque creo que ofrecen una base adecuada para incorporar y articular los nuevos conocimientos neurocientíficos y las propuestas de intervención tecnocientíficas.
Bioética para el siglo XXI: construyendo esperanza
Authors: Cortina Adela
Published: March 2018

La bioética del siglo XXI se ve enfrentada al reto de colaborar en la construcción de un mundo justo y sostenible. El artículo analiza el nacimiento de la bioética como bioética cívica de las sociedades pluralistas en el contexto de las éticas aplicadas, su evolución hasta conformar una bioética global, su actual estructura, los retos a los que enfrenta y, por último, el tipo de razón práctica desde el que debería orientar su tarea si es que quiere alcanzar sus objetivos.
Deletion of the Cold Thermoreceptor TRPM8 Increases Heat Loss and Food Intake Leading to Reduced Body Temperature and Obesity in Mice
Authors: Reimúndez Alfonso , Fernández-Peña Carlos , García Guillermo , Fernández Rubén , Ordás Purificación , Gallego Rosalía , Pardo-Vazquez Jose L. , Arce Victor , Viana Félix , Señarís Rosa
Published: March 2018

The coupling of energy homeostasis to thermoregulation is essential to maintain homeothermy in changing external environments. We studied the role of the cold thermoreceptor TRPM8 in this interplay in mice of both sexes. We demonstrate that TRPM8 is required for a precise thermoregulation in response to cold, in fed and fasting.Trpm8−/−mice exhibited a fall of 0.7°C in core body temperature when housed at cold temperatures, and a deep hypothermia (<30°C) during food deprivation. In both situations, TRPM8 deficiency induced an increase in tail heat loss. This, together with the presence of TRPM8-sensory fibers innervating the main tail vessels, unveils a major role of this ion channel in tail vasomotor regulation. Finally, TRPM8 deficiency had a remarkable impact on energy balance.Trpm8−/−mice raised at mild cold temperatures developed late-onset obesity and metabolic dysfunction, with daytime hyperphagia and reduction of fat oxidation as plausible causal factors. In conclusion, TRPM8 fine-tunes eating behavior and fuel utilization during thermoregulatory adjustments to mild cold. Persistent imbalances in these responses result in obesity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe thermosensitive ion channel TRPM8 is required for a precise thermoregulatory response to cold and fasting, playing an important role in tail vasoconstriction, and therefore heat conservation, as well as in the regulation of ingestive behavior and metabolic fuel selection upon cooling. Indeed, TRPM8-deficient mice, housed in a mild cold environment, displayed an increase in tail heat loss and lower core body temperature, associated with the development of late-onset obesity with glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunction. A persistent diurnal hyperphagia and reduced fat oxidation constitute plausible underlying mechanisms in the background of a deficient thermoregulatory adjustment to mild cold ambient temperatures.
Programa Bracero y Guerra Fría: auge y declive, 1942–1964
Authors: Vézina Catherine
Published: March 2018

El Programa Bracero, creado por Estados Unidos y México en 1942 durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, se mantuvo hasta 1964. Los estudios sobre este programa señalan la importancia de los intereses domésticos de Estados Unidos para explicar la longevidad del mismo. El presente artículo se enfoca en los factores estratégicos propios de la lógica de la Guerra Fría que intervinieron en la decisión de mantener o cancelar este programa bilateral de trabajo temporal agrícola. Mediante un examen atento sobre la época del auge y del declive del programa, se replantean estos debates dentro del contexto nacional, pero también bilateral y panamericano.

The Bracero Program, created by the United States and Mexico during the Second World War, survived until 1964. Studies that look at this program generally signal the importance of domestic factors in the United States to explain its longevity. This article analyzes dynamics of Cold War logic that played a role in the decision of whether to maintain or cancel this bilateral program for migratory agricultural work. By carefully examining the rise and fall of the program, these debates are reconsidered within a national context, as well as one that is bilateral and Pan-American.
Analysis of Financial Distress with Springate and Method of Grover in Coal In BEI 2012 - 2016
Authors: Hungan Agnes Gracia Devina , Sawitri Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2018

The coal industry is one of the largest contributors to the state budget of more than 40 billion annually, so the declining coal industry and the condition of every coal company in Indonesia are of particular concern to the government. This study examines how the level of financial distress of coal mining companies IDX 2012 - 2016 when analyst with Springate method and Grover method, and which method is most appropriate in predicting financial distress in coal companies. From the results of the calculation with the both methods are Obtained results there are some coal companies are declared to have financial distress with both methods and obtained the result that the Grover method is the most appropriate methods in predicting financial distress.
Vaiko išklausymo reikalavimas šeimos bylose
Authors: Limantė Agnė , Račkauskaitė-Burneikienė Aistė
Published: March 2018

The article analyses the duty of hearing of the child in parental responsibility cases. It firstly discusses the international, regional and national instruments establishing such duty upon the courts. Then it seeks to define the duty of hearing of the child and its limits. Particular attention is paid to the different practice of states when implementing this child’s right in practice.
Tracing the Instances of Plea Bargaining in the Lithuanian Criminal Justice System
Authors: Garbatavičiūtė Simona
Published: March 2018

This Article aims to overview procedural grounds in the Lithuanian criminal justice system that relate to the concepts of simplified and negotiated justice, in particular to the concept of plea bargaining. Specifically, the research seeks to examine the procedures of simplified examination of evidence in court, accelerated proceedings and the procedure of penal order as foreseen in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Lithuania (hereinafter referred to as the CCP). This research aims to highlight similarities between the aforementioned procedures and the concept of plea bargaining.
Asociacijų priskyrimo viešojo administravimo subjektams problematika
Authors: Vitkutė Evelina Agota Agota
Published: March 2018

The article analyses legal regulation stipulating that associations, authorized by special laws, may perform public administration functions and case law that defines when such associations are or, on the contrary, are not regarded as public administration subjects; the rationale of such legal regulation and case law is assessed. Also, it is also analysed how activities of associations, authorized to perform public administration functions, are compliant with the doctrine of associations’ autonomy from the public government. It is concluded that possibility for the said associations to act in the field of public administration has constitution grounds and it is recommended for the courts to apply unified functional test for assessing the activities of such associations in the field of public administration. Also, it is suggested to clearly distinguish a separate category of associations, establishment, structure and functions thereof, are determined by specific laws.
A review and update of vertebral fractures due to metastatic tumors of various sites to the spine: Percutaneous vertebroplasty
Authors: Mansoorinasab Mohamad , Abdolhoseinpour Hesam
Published: March 2018

Background

Vertebral fractures (VFs) are the most usual convolution of metastatic tumors and the vertebral column is the third most ordinary site for painful bone metastases and remains a chief factor of morbidity in cancer patients.

Methods

In this paper, we investigated the previous literature on the status of clinical and prospects for the use of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with polymethylmethacrylate as a remedial alternative for the therapy of refractory pain resulting from malignant vertebral compression and pathologic fractures associated with metastatic tumors of various sites in numerous studies. The scientific document for this remedy, containing safety, immediate and long-term efficacy, and outcome measures, and also the risks of complications, was analyzed in detail.

Results

PVP is a safe, feasible, reliable, effective, and useful procedure, a minimally invasive treatment, and a significant tool for reduction of pain and the relief of pain symptoms.

Conclusions

This method can be employed as a further or narcotic remedy in elected patients. The techniques of PVP present a novel alternative therapy for diverse metastases with potentially large application.
Giant internal iliac artery aneurysm successfully treated with endovascular stent-graft placement
Authors: Hatzidakis Adam , Touloupakis Emmanuel , Charalambous Stavros , Reppa Despoina , Karagiannakidis Efstratios
Published: March 2018

An 88-year-old male patient of high surgical risk was presented with left sciatic pain symptoms and a palpable pulsatile left lower abdominal mass. He was operated 8 years ago for a large infrarenal aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a giant 161 mm left internal iliac aneurysm with multilocular appearance and left sacral bone erosion causing the symptoms. Endovascular repair was successfully performed using a monotubular iliac stent-graft. Follow-up CTA showed absence of contrast enhancement and a fully thrombosed sac. Patient recovered completely and was discharged 1 month after the procedure in a relatively good condition, nevertheless sciatic symptoms remained.
Establishing methods for isolation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous from carious deciduous teeth
Authors: Zainuri Masagus , Putri Ratih Rinendya , Bachtiar Endang W.
Published: March 2018

Aim

This study aims to establish the isolation method of stem cells from pulp tissue of carious deciduous teeth.

Methods

The teeth were soaked in 1% povidone–iodine solution for about 1 min followed by washing in PBS with 1% antibiotic–antimycotic thrice. Dental pulp tissue was removed by extirpation, and then cultivated in the culture medium. Characterization of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) was carried out using human MSC analysis kit with positive markers CD90, CD73, and CD105, but negative for expressions of CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR. Differentiation capacity of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) was determined by staining with Alizarin S, Alcian Blue, and Oil Red O.

Results

There is no contamination after 3 days of culture. SHED derived from dental pulp were expressions of 99.2% of positive marker and 0.3% of the negative marker. At passage 5, SHED was differentiated into osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte types of cells in the induction medium.

Conclusion

SHED derived from carious deciduous teeth can be used as a source of stem cell for regenerative medicine.
Paraoxonase 1 activities and its gene promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (-108, -126, and -162) in diabetes mellitus
Authors: Emami Asefesadat , Tajadini Mohamadhasan , Zeinalian Mehrdad , Keshvari Mahtab , Asgary Sedigheh
Published: March 2018

Background

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme is known enzyme with, aryl esterase, phosphatase, peroxidase, and lactonase activities. According to some studies, the activity of PON1 enzyme is decreased in type 2 diabetic patients. We analyzed the enzyme activity and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distribution on promoter regions (-108, -126, and -162) in type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic individuals to reveal the likely relationship between PON1 activity and its gene promoter polymorphisms.

Methods

On the whole, 98 diabetic and 104 non-diabetic individuals were examined in this study. The enzyme activity and the genotypes were studied using spectrophotometry, real-time PCR-HRM, and sequencing techniques, respectively.

Results

There was no meaningful difference in enzyme activity between two under-studied groups (P.V = 0.671). Moreover, no meaningful difference was also seen between two groups in terms of the frequency of polymorphism -108 (P.V = 0.277). The frequencies of SNPs -126 and -162, however, showed a meaningful difference between two groups (P.V = 0.000 and P.V = 0.017, respectively).

Conclusions

We indicated PON1 activity could be similar in DM-2 patients and non-DM-2 individuals. The significant role of SNP -108 in PON1 activity in DM-2 patients compared with non-DM-2 individuals was confirmed in the study too. On the other hand, the role of -162 and -126 SNPs in causing diabetes cannot be easily overlook because of a meaningful difference of their distribution in understudied groups. However, they may be attributed to DM-2-associated genes.
Study Habits of Medical Students: An Analysis of which Study Habits Most Contribute to Success in the Preclinical Years
Authors: Liles Jenny , Vuk Jasna , Tariq Sara
Published: March 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Academic performance during the first two years of medical school is an important predictor of success on the United States Medical Licensing Exam Step 1. Research is lacking into what study methods successful students use, with success being defined as achieving a grade point average of above 90% in all or in most of the courses in the preclinical years.This study sought to identify specific study habits that successful students use and to demonstrate an association between preclinical grades and Step 1 scores. In this study, an anonymous survey was sent to first, second, and third year medical students that included various questions about their study habits, as well as their course grades (A, B, C, or fail) and, if applicable, their Step 1 score. Results demonstrated statistically significant differences existed between Step 1 scores and grades in the second year of medical school, with A students earning higher scores. A students tended to attend class, limit use of online lectures, study for 6-8 hours a day, and review lectures the same day they were given significantly more than B and C students did. This study demonstrates that certain study habits are employed consistently by successful students. These study habits should be shared with medical students early in the preclinical years to help students reach maximum potential both in class and on Step 1, which in turn will allow students to match into their choice of residency.
Obtención de una Denominación de Origen Protegido de origen animal en Ecuador en base a la normativa europea
Authors: Maldonado Manuel Esteban , Casals Costa Ramón , Such Martí Xavier , Narváez Riofrío María Cristina
Published: March 2018

La poca adaptabilidad de los productos tradicionales frente a la globalización hace que pierdan mercado. Dado que una de las principales limitaciones para estos productos es su comercialización bajo estándares mínimos de calidad, surge la pregunta ¿Es posible obtener productos tradicionales con una calidad reconocible? En la UE la respuesta a esta pregunta se encuentra básicamente en el marco de las Denominaciones de Origen Protegidas (DOP). Una DOP otorga un valor agregado al producto bajo un concepto general de calidad, definida por su propia identidad, permitiéndole aproximarse a los estándares esperados por el consumidor. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar un ejercicio para una propuesta local para la obtención de una DOP en Ecuador, estudiando previamente los principios generales para una denominación de origen ecuatoriana, comparándolos con la visión europea de una DOP. Para ellos se ha definido el alcance general de su implementación. Se ha estudiado el marco legal para su implementación. Por último, se ha desarrollado un pliego de condiciones en base al “Queso de Hoja de Cayambe”, que podría servir como referencia para la implementación de una DOP en cualquier otro producto. Concluyendo que, para el funcionamiento de una DOP en el Ecuador, es necesario encontrar flexibilidad administrativa, voluntad política y participación científica; pudiéndose usar este trabajo como herramienta de partida para el desarrollo de proyectos comunitarios agropecuarios y alimentarios.
Técnicas de remediación de metales pesados con potencial aplicación en el cultivo de cacao.
Authors: Casteblanco Javier Andrés
Published: March 2018

El cacao (Theobroma cacao)  a nivel mundial ha aumentado su área sembrada y rendimiento por hectárea, sin embargo actualmente los productores se enfrentan a una fuerte legislación emanada por la Unión Europea respecto a los contenidos máximos de plomo y cadmio que deben tener los chocolates que contienen una cantidad mayor o igual al 50% de sólidos de cacao.  En base a una revisión de los trabajos realizados alrededor del mundo y que han sido publicados en los últimos tres años en bases de datos mundiales se presentan en primera instancia los problemas ocasionados en las personas por el consumo de alimentos contaminados por metales pesados y  las rutas a través de las cuales se puede contaminar el cacao, desde su siembra hasta su procesamiento. A continuación y dando cumplimiento a el objetivo de la revisión se muestran las técnicas de remediación (fitoremediación y bioremediación) que han obtenido buenos resultados respecto a la limpieza de suelos contaminados o que evitan la traslocación de los contenidos de plomo y cadmio del suelo a varios cultivos de interés comercial para tener opciones de potencial aplicación en las zonas cacaoteras de Colombia o cualquier parte del mundo. De los resultados obtenidos se resalta la importancia que tiene la implementación de un sistema integrado de remediación de suelos que incluya la incorporación gradual de árboles nativos, plantas herbáceas, plantas acuáticas, biochar, bacterias y micorrizas arbusculares.
Principios fundamentales en torno a la calidad del agua, el uso de bioindicadores acuáticos y la restauración ecológica fluvial en Ecuador
Authors: Terneus Jácome Esteban , Yanez-Moretta Patricio
Published: March 2018

El presente trabajo se desarrolló como complemento al componente de restauración ecológica contemplado dentro del marco de acción del Plan de Gestión Ambiental del FONAG (Fondo para la conservación del Agua), institución adscrita al Municipio de Quito. El documento forma parte de una línea base de información que gira en torno a la construcción de un escenario adecuado para emprender actividades de restauración ecológica fluvial, en los ambientes en los que ésta fuera necesaria.  A nivel municipal es importante que las consideraciones que aquí se discuten así como las iniciativas de restauración ecológica fluvial se inserten como un componente más dentro de los planes de gestión ambiental que cada gobierno local (GAD) tenga que emprender en el territorio de su jurisdicción, y se lo aborde como un elemento que requiere un permanente seguimiento y monitoreo para detectar oportunamente los cambios en la calidad y cantidad del agua que se puedan presentar en una determinada zona y se puedan tomar las acciones de manejo que correspondan.
Tratamiento de aguas residuales con cargas industriales con oxidación avanzada en sistemas convencionales
Authors: Sánchez Renato Gabriel , García Gualoto Katty J.
Published: March 2018

En las regiones rurales de América Latina los sistemas de tratamiento de agua residuales se basan en tecnologías convencionales como las fosas sépticas. Estos sistemas de tratamiento no soportan índices de biodegradabilidad menores a 0,4 medidos en forma de DBO5/DQO, valores que se obtienen cuando en el agua se encuentran contaminantes refractarios; que a su vez se los asocia en la mayoría de los casos con la intromisión de agua residual industrial.En estos casos los sistemas de tratamiento convencionales no cumple las normativas para los cuales fueron diseñados; y por tanto se pierde la inversión pública para construirlos. Es por esto que en la presente investigación se elevó el índice de biodegradabilidad de este tipo de eﬂuentes, para lo cual se usó agua residual doméstica mezclada con lixiviado y eﬂuente industrial obtenida de la quebrada Chasinato en la provincia de Tungurahua en Ecuador,en la cual se obtuvo un índice de biodegradabilidad de 0,22enDBO5/DQO. A este eﬂuente se le aplicó un proceso de oxidación avanzada de Fenton modiﬁcado, con lo cual se incrementó el índice de biodegradabilidad y se evitó reducir el pH, ya que en grandes volúmenes esto resulta muy costoso. Las concentraciones óptimas de reactivos fueron de FeSO4/H2O2 = 1 y C6H8O7/H2O2 = 2; con la colocación de 10 mg/L de H2O2, con lo cual se aumentó el índice de biodegradabilidad a un valor de 0,46 que es un valor satisfactorio para tratarse en sistemas convencionales como son las fosas sépticas; además de una reducción de la DBO5 y DQO en eﬁciencias de 12,54%; 44,4% respectivamente.
Remoción de ácido sulfhídrico por microorganismos sobre lodos activados en aguas residuales de la industria alimenticia
Authors: Santillán Quiroga Luis Miguel , Paredes Pacheco Lorena Paola
Published: March 2018

La importancia del siguiente trabajo radica en implementar un tratamiento de remoción de H2S con un bajo impacto ambiental. El objetivo fue el de evaluar microorganismos eﬁcientes para la remoción de ácido sulfhídrico sobre lodos activados de las aguas residuales industriales. Se construyó un bioﬁltro con microorganismos eﬁcientes, lodo activado y material ﬁltrante. Se inocularon durante tres semanas en lodos 21 litros de microorganismos eﬁcientes activado, controlando parámetros como pH, temperatura, humedad, oxígeno y luz solar, garantizando las condiciones aptas de desarrollo de bacterias fotosintéticas, ácido lácticas y levaduras. El muestreo del agua residual se realizó en la caja de revisión más cercana al punto de descarga al alcantarillado de La Ibérica, y para su análisis a la salida del bioﬁltro, tomando una muestra con tres repeticiones cada semana, durante 21 días, para conocer la concentración inicial, intermedia y ﬁnal de H2S y el porcentaje de remoción alcanzado en el tratamiento. Los resultados de la investigación dictaminaron que los microorganismos eﬁcientes aumentaron la carga microbiana de los microorganismos endógenos en el lodo, consiguiendo un mejor crecimiento de la biopelícula y logrando la reducción de la concentración de H2S de 3,68 mg/L a 0,45 mg/L, alcanzando un porcentaje de remoción del 70,35%. El presente trabajo analiza que a mayores tiempos de retención se da una mejor actuación de microorganismos eﬁcientes en el tratamiento. La utilización de microorganismos eﬁcientes en la remoción de H2 S, resulta rentable por sus tiempos cortos de actuación y bajos costos de aplicación.
Alfabetización digital en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual leve. Un estudio de caso en la ciudad de Saltillo, México
Authors: Aguirre Martínez Rocío Isabel , De Casas Moreno Patricia , Paramio-Pérez Gema
Published: March 2018

The development of new technologies is causing rapid changes in the school curriculum. In this way, it is necessary to emphasize the training and learning, by part of the students, of a correct digital lite-racy due to the rise of the Internet. In this line of study, it should be noted that there is a sector of the population, which presents an intellectual disability in any society. In this sense, the present study is to evaluate the development of the communicative ability in young people with mild intellectual disability, using an electronic environment that stimulates the behavior and ability to process information that will enable to launch media literacy for the good interaction in their own environment. The methodology in this research is quantitative, using an evaluation model based on the dimensions selected to study. In this way, we analyzed a total of 6 subjects, belonging to the Center of Attention (CAM) of Saltillo, Coahuila (Mexico). Among the most relevant conclusions, it can be noted that delay in respect to a good media literacy. However, the study clarifies that interest was awakened in the young people for the digital platforms, despite the fact that educational institutions do not support this teaching methodology.
La estructura comunicativa y social de los cuerpos académicos en México
Authors: Beltrán Poot Augusto David
Published: March 2018

The objective of this work is to describe the communicative and social structures found in the groups of researchers that make up the academic bodies in Mexico. A qualitative-phenomenological study was used, where interviews and observations were carried out in a particular context, as well as the analysis of 150 academic products on the subject. The results describe that the academic bodies maintain a closed social and communicative structure, tending not to share work proposals with the other professors, but open inwards, since they accept the work of others, guaranteeing with this, that the academic bodies achieve its consolidation, situations that generate tension in the work environment.
Presupuesto participativo: una revisión de la investigación científica y sus implicaciones democráticas del 2000 al 2016
Authors: Buele Nugra Irene Gisel , Vidueira Mera Pablo
Published: March 2018

Since the 1900s, a new form of democracy has emerged, where the social representation is reinforced and the citizens participate in the public policy and they determine the budget for their location. The level of diffusion and application of participatory budgeting is unknown. The implications caused for democratic processes are also unknown. In this context, a systematic literature review of publications indexed from 2000 to 2016 was conducted. Using the software NVivo for qualitative analysis and using matrices the following information was organized, analyzed and synthesized: title, author, year of publi-cation, research line and application of common themes. The results show to Porto Alegre in Brazil as the area of greatest application of this methodology, the political will as the main factor of success, and a time of controversy in the process.
Una experiencia radial escolar y comunitaria en Pilcaniyeu, Río Negro, Argentina
Authors: Navarro Nicoletti Felipe , Aguirre Jimena Isabel
Published: March 2018

Community radio stations are initiatives that -within the educational framework- make voices and claims visible, as well as strengthening participative social dynamics. The present paper aims at analyzing various communication theories within the educational field from the viewpoint of the community school radio “Hueney”, which constitutes a significative experience that places value on the everyday lives of rural youth engaging with their environment. This work presents a qualitative and analytical methodo-logy through the use of interviews made to relevant participant members of the aforementioned radio station. The conclusions reflect that the radio not only as a means of support, understood as mediation of the voices of the surrounding community and bond that strengthens the cultural and social identity.
Peroxidase-linked lectin assay to determine neuraminidase-inhibiting antibodies using reassortant influenza viruses v1
Authors: A. Desheva Yulia , A. Smolonogina Tatiana , A. Sychev Ivan
Published: March 2018

The NA inhibition test using large molecular fetuin substrate is believed to be the most specific method to detect antibodies against influenza virus neuraminidase. To avoid cross-reacting with hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies we have prepared several reassortant A/H7N1 viruses containing the NA of A/California/07/09(H1N1)pdm, А/New Caledonia/20/1999(H1N1) or A/Vietnam/1203/04(H5N1), and the hemagglutinin derived from A/equine/Prague/1/56(H7N7) influenza virus. Adjustment and validation of the NI test with the reassortant viruses included the determination of the viruses working concentration and selection of optimal conditions for the enzymatic reaction.
Mycobacteria DNA extraction using bead disruption - Manual method v1
Authors: Camp Patrick , Farrell David , Robbe-Austerman Suelee
Published: March 2018

This method is best used on colonies grownon solid media and subcultures in 7H9 liquid media. This method is high yeilding and is very efficient for short read NGS. It is not appropriate for direct tissue or fecal extraction. It is also not appropriate for liquid media containing high amounts of egg yolk. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this protocol is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable.