bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leader‐following consensus of multiple uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems under denial‐of‐service attacks
Authors: Li Baoxing , Han Tao , Xiao Bo , Zhan Xi‐Sheng , Yan Huaicheng
Published: October 2022

In this thesis, we investigate a novel problem of security performance and consensus of multiple uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems (ELSs) under denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks. First, we address how to make the system still function properly when the communication channel is cut off with intermittent DOS attacks by means of an event‐triggered mechanism. At the same time, due to the uncertainty of the system there, we introduce an exosystem to generate signals so that the global information can be observed normally by distributed observers. Then, ELSs can be consensus while still ensuring its security. Furthermore, on the basis of this adaptive distributed observer functioning in the system, the problem for multiple ELSs of leader‐following consensus is solved by using the Lyapunov method and the deterministic equivalence principle. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
Extended sliding mode observer‐based high‐accuracy motion control for uncertain electro‐hydraulic systems
Authors: Nguyen Manh Hung , Dao Hoang Vu , Ahn Kyoung Kwan
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a novel robust backstepping control strategy is introduced to achieve high‐accuracy tracking performance for electro‐hydraulic servo systems (EHSSs) without velocity information in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. Firstly, system dynamics of the studied EHSS considering parameter deviations, modeling errors, and unknown external loads which are grouped into lumped mismatched and matched disturbances in the mechanical system and pressure dynamics, respectively, are developed. On the basis of the sliding mode theory, two extended sliding mode observers (ESMOs) are originally established to simultaneously estimate the immeasurable angular velocity of the actuator, and lumped mismatched and matched uncertainties. As a consequence, an observer‐based controller is designed using the conventional backstepping technique to ensure a highly accurate tracking position control. In addition, the stability of the observer and overall closed‐loop control system is conclusively proven through the Lyapunov theory. Finally, several numerical simulations for an EHSS with a hydraulic rotary actuator are conducted to demonstrate the advantage of the recommended method compared to the existing well‐known extended state observer‐based control approaches.
Digital twin‐assisted fault diagnosis system for robot joints with insufficient data
Authors: Song Zelong , Shi Huaitao , Bai Xiaotian , Li Guowei
Published: October 2022

The robot joint is an important component of the construction robot, and its fault diagnosis can ensure the exact execution of building jobs, stable operation, and timely prevention of probable safety mishaps. However, deep learning‐based fault diagnosis needs a multitude of measured fault data, which is difficult to obtain for various reasons. To solve the problem of insufficient data, a digital twin‐assisted fault diagnosis system for robot joints is proposed. First, a simplified dynamics model of the robot joint is developed to generate the virtual entity data which can be used as the X‐domain data for the digital twin model. Second, a CycleGAN‐based digital twin model is proposed to map the virtual entity (X‐domain) data to the physical entity (Y‐domain) utilizing only a small amount of measured data. In the end, a test‐rig for the robot joint is built to simulate the robot's working conditions, and the CNN‐ResNet classifier is utilized to verify the effectiveness of the simulated data generated by the digital twin model. The results show that the fault diagnosis accuracy can be increased from 32.5% to 98.86% utilizing only 400 sets of measured data.
1.1: Invited Paper: OLED Micro‐display using RGB Direct Patterning Technology
Authors: Hoon Jung Jae , Kim Chiwoo , Young Sung Dong , Hwan Choi Myong , Kwak Byunghun , Jung Kiro
Published: October 2022

To enhance the performance of OLED Micro‐display, we developed the ultra‐high resolution RGB direct patterning of OLED Micro‐display. 3,000ppi FMM by UV Laser process was used and this FMM is manufactured by our unique Laser Patterning process. To improve the luminous efficiency of the OLED Micro‐display device, the RGB dual stack structure was implemented and RGB color filter was applied to improve the color purity.
14.4: Inkjet Printing Patterned Quantum Dot Microarrays
Authors: Zhang Pingping , Lu Weitong , Li Jianjun , Yang Gaoling , Zhong Haizheng
Published: October 2022

Quantum dot color conversion technology (QDCC) has attracted extensive interest in display due to its high performance, low cost, and easy integration. However, due to the limited thickness and nonuniform morphology, the color convention pixels generally exhibit a low performance accompanied by blue light leakage or optical crosstalk. Here, we report the fabrication of quantum dot (QD) microarrays by using photocurable QD ink. The resulting QD microarrays exhibit 3D morphology with hemisphere shape without coffee‐ring effect as well as strong photoluminescence, which is desirable for QDCC applications. We demonstrate the dominant role of UV curable inks and surface functionalized substrate in controlling the shape of microarrays, where a large contact angle (66°) and large height to diameter ratio (0.35) can be achieved. The fabrication of 3D QDs microarrays opens up new opportunities in a variety of applications including Micro‐LED and near‐field display.
14.5: Perovskite Quantum Dot Color Conversion Pattern Fabricated by an In‐situ Inkjet Printing
Authors: Tian Mengyao , Lan Xi , Ye Fanghao , Li Guijun
Published: October 2022

Inkjet printing technology has broad application prospects in the manufacture of optoelectronic devices due to its advantages of mask‐free and high material utilization. However, the coffee ring effect during printing can make the morphology non‐uniform and has not been thoroughly explored. In this work, we used a high‐precision in‐situ inkjet printing system to print low‐viscosity perovskite precursor inks on substrates to generate color‐converting films. The viscosity of the perovskite precursor solution was improved by changing the ratio of the 5‐AVABr additive, coupled with the choice of DMF with a higher boiling point as the solvent, which greatly reduced the evaporation of the solvent at the edge of the droplet, driving the formation of Marangoni flow which can result a uniform surface of droplets, culminating in a microarray of coffee‐free rings. Notably, the perovskite can be crystallized in situ during printing without additional annealing, relying on a pumping system to assist the solvent evaporation. With the additive, the photoluminescence quantum yield of the film increased to 39%. The size of each pixel in microarrays was controlled to be less than 60 μm and 400 pixels per inch (PPI) is realized. Our work paves the way for large‐area, high‐efficiency production of perovskite color conversion films.
15.2: Design and Realization of Full‐Color VHG Holographic Waveguide Display
Authors: Shen Zhongwen , Wang Chuang , Weng Yishi , Zhang Yuning
Published: October 2022

To realize the chromatic display function of VHG holographic waveguide display system, we firstly study the preparation process and holographic peformance of color‐sensitive acrylate based photopolymer. Based on the prepared photopolymer, we fabricated the RGB holographic waveguide device with the multiwavelength laser exposure method. Thus, for verifying the display function of the prepared device , the chromatic holographic waveguide near‐eye display module using the LCoS projector engine was developed. The application potential of the color‐sensitive photopolymer in holographic waveguide was also demonstrated.
16.1: Invited Paper: Measurement of Perceived Pixel Luminance of Large LED Displays
Authors: Mou Xi , Mou Tongsheng , Jiang Yong , Wan Niancheng , Xiong Jie
Published: October 2022

Large screen LED displays are becoming increasingly popular. The human eye has a resolution of 1/60 degree, so at very close viewing the LED chips may be more easily seen because LED screens have a larger pixel pitch than traditional display technologies, unlike OLEDs and LCDs. In large LED displays, the perceived luminance of the pixels is highly dependent on the viewing distance and FOV. The paper examines the perceived pixel luminance of a large screen LED display at different viewing distances and field of views. Additionally, stray light was examined and discussed. The results indicated that the perceived pixel luminance can be significantly different under different viewing distances and FOVs. For future LED display performance evaluation, it would be advantageous to have a measuring device with high resolution that mimics the human eye's angular resolution in perceived pixel luminance.
16.3: Towards High Precision One Shot EOL Testing for Acquiring Pixel Level Luminance Data
Authors: Rotscholl Ingo , Liu Bob , Krüger Udo
Published: October 2022

In this contribution, we present and validate a DeMURA procedure using a one‐shot approach that does not require massive oversampling. It bases on on‐site calibration of the imaging condition in the setup by a specific teach pattern. It has only to be performed for the first sample. Slight misalignments of following displays are then automatically corrected. After that, the luminance of each display can be measured with a single measurement. The proposed method has the potential to facilitate high‐precision calibration of pixel‐level luminance under much more relaxed sampling conditions and higher speed compared to current methods.
18.2: Invited Paper: Design of Naked Eye Light Field Display Based on Micro‐LED
Authors: Wei XiaoDan , Li JinQiu , Lu ZengXiang
Published: October 2022

The realization of naked eye light field display is a century‐long dream of human being. It is also a hot spot for scientific and technological development today. Among the various technical routes for realizing light field display, the route based on beam control has more potential of mass production than volumetric three‐dimensional methods and holographic methods. The key link of this route is to produce directional pixels or tensor pixels. We have proposed a method to realize light field display by using Micro‐LED to create directional and tensor pixels, and have developed a proprietary driver IC which can be driven by Dynamic Allocation Sparse(DAS) method. With the support of motion scanning technology and eye tracking technology, our naked eye light field display system based on this driver IC can make full use of the characteristics of Micro‐LED's high response speed and high brightness. This method can greatly reduces the amount of physical pixel resources and driving resources required by the light field display. At the same time, it effectively solves the problems encountered when Micro‐LED is used for display, such as huge transfer difficulty, low product yield, poor consistency, color offset and so on. As the luminous efficiency of Micro‐LED increases and the size is further reduced, this method will make it possible for light field displays to enter millions of households.
20.3: Weighted Simultaneous Algebra Reconstruction Technique (wSART) for Additive Light Field Synthesis
Authors: Gao Chen , Dong Linqi , Xu Liang , Liu Xu , Li Haifeng
Published: October 2022

We apply an iterative weighting scheme for additive light field synthesis. Unlike previous work optimizing additive light field evenly over viewpoints, we constrain the optimization to deliver a reconstructed light field of high image quality for viewpoints of large weight.
21.1: Invited Paper: Inkjet Printing Perovskite Quantum Dot Light‐emitting Devices
Authors: Li Danyang , Peng Junbiao
Published: October 2022

Perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) for full‐color display based on ink‐jet printing technology are increasingly attractive because of their excellent optical and electronic properties, such as high defect tolerance, high color purity, widely tunable emission wavelength, etc. However, the formation of the perovskite high‐quality film with pixel size is related to the contact properties with the hole transport layer. Here, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H‐Perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (POTS) is introduced to modify the hole transport layer to obtain a uniform perovskite film. An efficient matrix PeLED via ink‐jet printing is reported.
24.3: High Efficient Persistent Luminescence from F�rster resonance Energy Transfer Processes
Authors: Lin Faxu , Wang Haiyang , Cao Yifeng , Huang Huahua , Yang Zhiyong , Chi Zhenguo
Published: October 2022

Metal‐free organic systems with persistent room temperature phosphorescence (pRTP) have attracted considerable attention due to their long‐lived emission (over 0.1 s) after removal of the excitation, plus their advantages of good biocompatibility and facile functionality.[1] Thus, organic pRTP materials show great potential applications in bioimaging, information storage, and optical sensing. A variety of organic pRTP materials have been developed by promoting the intersystem crossing and suppressing the non‐radiative decay as much as possible. However, their pRTP emissions were generally in the spectral region of below 600 nm, for whether crystalline phosphors or polymeric systems, let alone emission in NIR region of over 750 nm.[2]
25.3: Integrated Self‐Capacitance Touch Panel for Flexible OLED Display
Authors: Lu Feng , Li Zhe , Zhou Zihan , Zhang Jing , Yao Qijun , Ding Yuan , Lu Yung-Sheng , Chuang Jui-Chuan , Chen Chien-Chuan
Published: October 2022

Designs of self‐capacitance “on‐cell” touch panel were implemented in a 6.2inch foldable OLED panel with single‐layered sensor pattern. The test results showed that the self‐capacitance “on‐cell” touch panel has high sensitivity even with TFTs connected in serial of the sensor channels. Weaker retransmission effect was also found compared with its mutual‐capacitance counterpart. The self‐capacitance touch panel has shown great potential of application in future OLED display products.
26.3: Synchronously micro‐patterning and nano‐welding silver nanowires for high‐performance transparent electrodes
Authors: Wang Ting , Liu Gui-Shi , Luo Yunhan , Yang Bo-Ru
Published: October 2022

Transparent electrodes (TEs) are the core and key of flexible electronic devices. Silver nanowires (AgNW) networks are the predominant flexible TEs due to their low cost, high performance, and flexibility. However, additional treatments are generally required to lower the high contact resistance between AgNWs and to achieve patterning of AgNW network for practical applications. Here, we use diphenyliodonium nitrate (DPIN) as an AgNW modifier to allow plasmonic welding and patterning transfer of the nanowire network with assistance of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). AgNW patterns with high resolution down to 3 μm are then obtained via Plateau‐Rayleigh instability and ultrasonication in water without involving photoresist and etching.
27.4: Design of Double Freeform Lens for Mini‐LED Backlight Modules
Authors: Yang Ling , Jin Peng , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang , Feng Qibin
Published: October 2022

Mini light‐emitting diodes (Mini‐LEDs) have been considered as promising light sources for direct‐lit backlight modules (BLU). To achieve uniform illumination, double freeform lenses are usually employed to redistribute rays from Mini‐LEDs. The traditional design method of a single lens under the point light source can achieve high uniformity on the observation plane. However, in the array configuration, especially when the horizontal distance between Mini‐LEDs is not equal to the vertical distance, the uniformity decreases when it is applied under the extended light source. To solve this problem, a lens design method is proposed in this paper to satisfy the requirement on uniformity. Firstly, the illuminance value is numerically calculated based on array configuration and illuminance superposition method. Then we optimize the illuminance distribution curve with the feedback method. A double freeform lens is designed based on the optimized illuminance curve. On the target plane, the simulation results show that compared with the traditional method of lens design, the uniformity improves from 77.69% to 88.03%. The design method is simple, effective, and easy to implement.
36.3: A Dynamic Contrast Enhancement Method for TV Picture Quality Improvement
Authors: Tian Qichong , Yang Jianfeng , Qiu Junfeng , Chen Yixin , Xie Renli
Published: October 2022

Images or videos displayed in TV usually have undesirable contrast, due to different imaging environments or imaging devices. There are numerous contrast adjustment methods in TV picture quality improvement solutions. However, most of these methods produce undesirable enhancement results. In order to deal with this problem, a contrast enhancement method is proposed to dynamically improve picture quality for TV display. This method uses histogram distribution and APL (Average Pixel Level) of the considered image to compute the corresponding adjust curve. Then the obtained mapping curve is applied to the whole image for improving contrast. The proposed method has been applied on a smart TV. Results demonstrate this method has good performance in terms of enhancing image contrast and maintaining image naturalness.
37.1: Invited Paper: Nanosheet High Mobility SnO2‐SnO Complementary TFTs for System‐on‐Display and Monolithic Three‐Dimensional Integrated Circuit
Authors: Chin Albert , Yen Te Jui , Gritsenko Vladimir
Published: October 2022

The top‐gate 4.5‐nm‐thick SnO2 nanosheet nTFT has the high 136 cm2/Vs field‐effect mobility (μFE), sharp 1.5×108 on‐current/off‐current (ION/IOFF), and fast turn‐on subthreshold slope (SS) of 108 mV/decade. The top‐gate 7‐nm‐thick nanosheet SnO pTFT has a high μFE of 4.4 cm2/Vs, large ION/IOFF of 1.2×105, and SS of 526 mV/decade. These CTFTs will enable the system‐on‐panel (SoP) and Monolithic Three‐Dimensional (3D) Integrated Circuit (IC).
39.1: Invited Paper: High Performance Red and Green Phosphorescent Emitters Suitable for BT.2020 Color Gamut
Authors: Wang Jing , Xie Menglan , Liu Qi , Pang Huiqing , Zhang Cuifang , Sang Ming , Zhang Qi , Cai Wei , Kwong Raymond , Xia Sean
Published: October 2022

We developed a novel, deep red phosphorescent emitter (DRD‐II), with a photoluminescence (PL) spectrum as narrow as 30 nm at full‐width‐half‐maximum (FWHM). A top‐emission red organic light emitting device (OLED) built with DRD‐II achieved a current efficiency (CE) of 59 cd/A, operating voltage of 3.2 V and lifetime to 95% of initial brightness (LT95) over 20,000 h at a drive current of 10 mA/cm2 with CIE (x, y) = (0.707, 0.293). We also developed a green phosphorescent organic emitter (GD) whose PL spectrum shows FWHM of 30 nm and peak wavelength (λmax) of 523 nm. A top‐emission green OLED was built with this GD and reached CE of 171 cd/A, voltage of 3.3 V and LT95 > 1,300 h at 10 mA/cm2 with CIE (x, y) = (0.169, 0.777). This is, to our knowledge, the best efficiency and lifetime combination ever reported for a green OLED at this CIE y. Combining these red and green emitters with a commercial blue OLED at CIE (0.131, 0.046), we are able to cover 97% of the BT.2020 color gamut. Through optical simulation, we also provide guidance to further improve red and green emitters. It is found that a red emitter with smaller FWHM not only maintains saturated color at a shorter peak wavelength but also gains luminance efficiency owing to the elimination of longer wavelengths. On the other hand, the simulation demonstrates that it is indeed challenging for phosphorescent green emitters to satisfy BT.2020. Nevertheless, it is possible to reach CIE y = 0.785 with a narrow line shape and minimal shoulder peak.
41.2: Invited Paper: Preparation and Optic‐Property of Dichroic Dyes Doped Thin PDLC Films
Authors: Li Xiaolian , Han Donggang
Published: October 2022

Intelligent dimming film is a new type of electrooptic response film material. Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is prepared by evenly dispersing polymer into liquid crystal material. Among them, liquid crystal molecules show excellent electro‐optical properties, while polymers provide good mechanical and processing properties.They have great application prospects in large area flexible display, intelligent building materials dimming glass, intelligent transportation, intelligent sensing and other fields, so they are widely concerned by researchers.
45.1: Improving Lifetime of High‐Efficiency Blue OLED Based on Thermally Activated Sensitized Fluorescence
Authors: Li Guomeng , Li Yilang , Jia Xiaoqin , Zeng Lichang
Published: October 2022

As a promising technology toward high‐efficiency OLED, thermally activated sensitized fluorescence (TASF) has encountered major obstacles toward achieving sufficient operational lifetime when it comes to deep blue emission that is desirable for display applications. We have systematically investigated various factors affecting TASF OLED stability, and successfully improved device lifetime by using a TADF sensitizer with a fast reverse intersystem crossing rate (kRISC).
46.3: Invited Paper: 7.1 inch full color flexible Micro‐LED display based on Topgate IGZO backplane
Authors: Zeng Limei , Zhang Xin , Yao Jiangbo , Chen Ke Hsu , Xie Xiangwei , Fan Jack , Ye Yanxi , Tung Kai Liu , Yang Rongjuan , Shao Haibing , Fang Song , Luo Chuanbao , Yang Xiaobo , Fu Jianguo
Published: October 2022

This paper proposed a prototype of flexible 7.1 inch full color micro‐LED display. The resolution is 320RGB×270 and pixel pitch is 0.432mm. Top‐gate IGZO backplane is suitable for flexible micro‐LED display with its high stability and good TFT characteristics. We adopted elastomer stamp transfer technology to transfer red, green, and blue micro‐LEDs to substrate. The micro‐LED size is 35um×25um and the luminance of the prototype can reach beyond 500nits.
46.4: Laser Processes for MicroLED Display Manufacturing
Authors: Li Stephen , Haupt Oliver
Published: October 2022

The market for MicroLED displays is strongly growing in all segments from very small AR/VR to very large TV and signage displays. For a successful market adoption costs of MicroLED displays must be significantly reduced. The entire supply chain is working on different proposals. Roadmaps have already shown where MicroLED sizes need be reduced to 5 μm while the processing times of such displays must be reduced by factors. It is obvious that more precision processing equipment with increased throughput is needed to fulfil future market requirements. Laser are known for their precision and scalability and therefore a key to successful commercialization of MicroLED displays. In this paper we will describe the two critical processes during MicroLED manufacturing, the Lift‐Off process where the Gallium Nitride (GaN) MicroLED's need to be released from the growth wafer, and later be transferred to a substrate.
47.2: A New Generation of LCD's Based on Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals Showing Uniform and Stable Orientation
Authors: Lapanik Valeri , Timofeev Sergei
Published: October 2022

The object of the research is new ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) compositions with a wide temperature range of SmC* phase and the fabrication of a fast switching mechanically stable display with improved electro‐optical properties. The aim of the work is to synthesize new highly viscous non‐chiral compounds and to develop on their basis in combination with known ferroelectric compounds with a large value of spontaneous polarization of mixtures stable to mechanical deformations. As a result, the influence of the length of nonchiral molecules and the viscosity of the compositions on the mechanical stability of the alignment was investigated. The relationship between the surface anchoring energy of the alignment materials and the viscoelastic properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals is described. For our investigation we synthesized new non‐chiral smectic C compounds containing four or five attached phenyl rings, so called 4,4'‐di‐substituted quaterphenyls 4,4'‐di‐substituted‐pentaphenyls which have in series‐connected benzene rings, but not separated by bridging fragments. We found that the switching of FLC mixtures with such compounds is much faster compared to mixtures containing compounds with the same quaterphenyl or pentaphenyl fragment in chiral molecules. New ferroelectric liquid crystal compositions with optimized parameters have been designed. The possibility to develop FLC displays with switching time less than 10 μs and stable against mechanical deformations and independent of the type of alignment material and pretilt angle was shown.
54.2: Invited Paper: Flat Liquid Crystal Microlens Based on Spatially‐variant Photoalignment
Authors: Guo Zhenghao , Chen Kexu , Ye Huapeng , Zhou Guofu
Published: October 2022

Microlenses have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the emergent demand in the booming stereoscopic imaging industry and highly integrated optical systems. In this study, we propose a customized approach to design liquid crystal microlens (LCM) for subwavelength focusing, based on the vectorial Rayleigh‐Sommerfeld (VRS) method and the trust region algorithm. It is demonstrated that the computation time and computing resources can be greatly reduced by using our proposal when compared to the commercial software. Both the polarization of the incidence and diffraction field is taken into account in the design, which makes it more reliable. We fabricated the LCM by using photoalignment technology based on the digital micromirror device (DMD), and experimentally characterized the focusing performance of the sample. A Frank‐Oseen model is also established to simulate the mechanical properties of the liquid crystal (LC) layer and analyze the effect of the transition region on the LC directors.
56.5: High Temperature Operation Stability Optimization for Flexible Automotive AMOLED by Rational Design
Authors: Mou Xin , Huang Xing , Zhang Lin , Liang Cuicui , Lu Hongting , Xiang Lian , He Xueying , Feng Youxiong
Published: October 2022

High temperature operation (HTO) stability is of importance for automotive AMOLED. The CIEy of white image decreased dramatically after long‐term operation at 85°C which made the color white became purple. We analyzed the image quality issue and found the root cause. The image quality after HTO was optimized by IRC algorithm compensation, BP and PCB design.
P‐1.2: Improvement of Mobility and Reliability of a‐IGZO TFTs by Dual‐Gate Driving
Authors: Luo Chuanbao , Kai Zhou , Xian Xiujuan , Zhang Lijun , Seo Hyun-Sik , Zhang Xin , Yao Jiangbo
Published: October 2022

In this work, a IGZO thin‐film transistor with double‐gate structure is studied to realize high mobility and strong reliability simultaneously. Enhancement‐mode operation that is essential to the constitution of a low‐power digital circuitry and high current demand of mini‐LED and micro‐LED display is easily achieved when the top and bottom gate electrodes are tied together. The device mobility and the subthreshold swing are improved from 16.2 cm2/Vs and 0.29V/dec to 22.4 cm2/Vs and 0.24V/dec, respectively, compared with the single‐gate (SG) structure. High mobility is attributed to the dual channel of double gate coupling. Finally, the mechanism of NBTiS improvement also has clarified in terms of energy band and electric field of the double gate structure.
P‐1.3: The Improve of Pixel Design and Circuit Signal on Short Time Image Sticking for Flexible AMOLED
Authors: Tang Xia , Wei Yue , Liu Tingliang , Guo Yonglin , Yang Guoqiang , Yang Xu , Deng Lei , Zhang Yi , Fu Yongyi
Published: October 2022

The simulation model of short time image sticking (IS‐ST) of AMOLED displays was established. The impact of black plane circuit pixel design and work voltage had been studied. Pixel with good simulated IS‐ST had been optimized by decreasing the parasitic capacitance of M3 node and VDD line (C_M3_VDD) and the Length of switch TFT (TFT L). And IS‐ST also can be improved by Reducing the L0 gray data voltage (VGMP) and Vinit voltage (Vinit). All the solutions proposed above had been applied on our AMOLED display product, thus reaching the achievement that IS‐ST value decreases from 8 JNCD to 5.5JNCD at 0s.
P‐1.11: High‐mobility ZnO thin‐film transistors with HfO2/Al2O3 bilayer dielectric
Authors: Li Qi , Dong Junchen , Wang Jingyi , Xu Dengqin , Han Dedong , Wang Yi
Published: October 2022

We investigate high‐performance ZnO thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with a HfO2/Al2O3 bilayer high‐κ gate dielectric. The effects of atomic layer deposition process temperature (80, 100, 120, and 140 °C) of Al2O3 dielectric layer on device performance of ZnO TFTs are examined. When the process temperature is at 100 °C, the devices show the best electrical properties, such as a field‐effect mobility of 34.12 cm2/Vs, a subthreshold swing of 105.70 mV/decade, and an on‐off current ratio over 108. Besides, of all the devices, TFTs with 100 °C‐Al2O3 show the best stability with 0.2 and –0.1 V threshold voltage shift under positive and negative gate‐bias stress, which may probably due to the high‐quality interface between the active layer and dielectric layer. This work presents great potential of the ZnO TFTs in applications of advanced displays.
P‐2.3: The Development of Virtual Reality Technology and the Origin of the Metaverse
Authors: Wang Chuang , Zhao Sensen , Wang Lijun
Published: October 2022

VR virtual reality technology is an emerging human‐computer interaction technology, which brings a variety of near‐real experiences to users, and has extremely broad application prospects in many fields such as education, medical care, retail and games. The explosion of the metaverse concept in 2021 will push VR technology to a new stage of development. Virtual reality technology is the technical cornerstone of the Metaverse. This paper sorts out the generation and development of virtual reality technology, expounds the origin of the Metaverse, and provides a certain reference value for the development of virtual reality and the Metaverse.
P‐2.8: Research on multi‐user interaction design in augmented reality
Authors: Zhao Sensen , Wang Lijun , Song Jianwen
Published: October 2022

Augmented reality, as an expanded branch of virtual reality, is different from traditional virtual reality technology to achieve full immersion virtual environment, it can superimpose virtual objects into the real environment. The user can wear the display device (HoloLens2) to support the interaction of real and virtual objects. Existing devices can basically realize the three technical requirements of augmented reality technology, namely virtual and real fusion, real‐time interaction. Augmented reality technology has been increasingly applied in the fields of medical treatment, education, entertainment, simulation design and so on. In view of the above characteristics and requirements of multi‐user collaborative interaction, it is not difficult to see that although these principles are not the same, they all emphasize the support of interaction between users.
P‐2.9: The Research of Multi‐user Cooperative Interaction Model in Augmented Reality
Authors: Wang JingLiang , Zhao Sensen , Wang Lijun
Published: October 2022

This paper provides a review of the application equipment in multi‐user collaborative design, and analyzes and prospects by reviewing the existing interaction models in the HCI field and the CSCW field. The collaborative interaction of multiple users in the augmented reality environment has become more prominent in academic research and engineering applications. Augmented reality technology has been successfully applied in medical, education, entertainment, simulation design and other related fields. However, as far as we know, the current research on interaction in augmented reality mainly focuses on the three aspects of physical interaction, three‐dimensional interaction and mobile interaction, but there is less research about multi‐user collaborative interaction. Therefore, this article conducts a comprehensive review of the research in this field from 1998 to 2021. As more and more users are accepting augmented reality as an interactive technology, the demands of collaborative task and technology demand have been increasing among multi‐users. However, there are still some problems in existing research such as the immaturity of the collaborative application of augmented reality and the lack of interactive models for guiding the design of collaborative applications in the augmented reality environment. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze an effective collaborative interaction model to promote the realization of a prototype interaction system, so as to promote the application of augmented reality technology in collaborative interaction.
P‐3.10: Mini LED Technology Trend and Innovative Application
Authors: LIU Sha , WANG Dan , QIU Yun , JIANG Mingxiao , MA Shiqing , SUN Xiao , ZHANG pingqi , JIANG Yingji , XU Xiaoling , WU Jun
Published: October 2022

Mini LED has been one of the hottest topics in the display field in recent years. As one of the key innovative types of the display field, Mini LED has been applied to Security, Traffic and Monitoring professional display markets, as well as IWB, Conference rooms, Sports events and other commercial display markets. In this paper, Mini LED will be taken into another potential business opportunities in the cinema scene. It can not only be used in cinema screens, but also achieve a more diversified and immersive performance through LED virtual shooting. It enables the content production of film and television, advertising into a more automated and intelligent era, and we also believe that it will continue to bring more and more incredible and impressive visual experience for us in the near future. At that time,there will be some changes in the film industry chain, and a part of the work in the later stage will be in advance, which will also bring about the distribution difference of the value chain.
P‐3.13: A Polarization Modulated Directional Backlight Autostereoscopic Display
Authors: Fan Yunjia , He Yong , Chen Xuehao , Zhou Jianying
Published: October 2022

Directional backlight autostereoscopic display (DBAD) is capable of separating the imaging source with the illumination source, hence providing a glasses‐free 3D display with viewing freedom, homogeneous illuminance, high resolution and low crosstalk [1]. DBAD forms an autostereoscopic pair by quickly refreshing the LCD and switching two responding light sources for full resolution display, giving rise to an additional temporal crosstalk because of the finite responding speed to retaining the former image during the refreshing process [2]. On the other hand, a polarizer barrier can be applied for autostereoscopy [3]. To realize simultaneous displaying of an autostereoscopic pair instead of quickly refreshing left and right parallax images, we combine the polarization modulation with DBAD, which can project backlight with different polarized directions to different spatial directions. An orthogonal‐polarized directional backlight‐based autostereoscopic display is then proposed and demonstrated with low crosstalk and high uniformity.
P‐4.3: Research on the effect of Vgh on LCD screen luminosity
Authors: DING Tengfei , WEI Zhan , WANG Shijun , WANG Yang , LIANG Haiyao , CHEN Xi , Xue Hailin
Published: October 2022

In this paper, the change of screen luminosity is studied by adjusting the Vgh voltage and controlling the charging of the pixel. Under the checkerboard screen, the luminosity of the first row of pixels after the black block decreases as Vgh decreases. Compared with the original set VGH voltage (12V), when Vgh is 7V and BV, the corresponding pixel luminosity has a difference of 6.27% and 2.15% respectively; and when Vgh is 9V, the pixel luminosity difference is small. Observing the visual effects, it is found that when Vgh is BV, there is poor line afterimage, but when Vgh is 9V, there is no afterimage. The luminosity change of the first row of pixels after the black block has a certain correlation with the visual effect of the afterimage. At the same time, it is found that under the grayscale picture, the luminosity of the screen increases with the decrease of Vgh, which is considered to be caused by the recoil voltage (Δ Vp). As Vgh decreases, ΔVp decreases, thereby increasing pixel luminosity.
P‐5.5: Research of laser cleaning technique application for mini/micro‐led
Authors: Feng Sha , Liu Chao , Wang Lili , Zhai Ming
Published: October 2022

This paper studies laser cleaning for mini & micro COG products. Research shows that laser cleaning has great advantages, which can realize accurate position cleaning and remove various pollution. The adjustment of laser cleaning process parameters can improve the adhesion of substrate surface and realize mass production application on the premise of ensuring low surface damage.
P‐6.3: The Analysis and Improvement of TFT Vth Shift Effect on AMOLED Panel Lifetime Test†
Authors: AI Yu , XIE Xuewu
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the problem in quick drop of luminance on the initial stage of AMOLED lifetime test, from experiment results, the quick drop of luminance is caused by TFT Vth shift. Present actions include the TFT device stability improvement and aging the TFT device before lifetime test to stable state which can increase the panel lifetime.
P‐7.3: Research on Touch Input System Based on In‐Graphic Identification
Authors: Xu Sheng , Qiu Junfeng , Chen Yixin , Tian Qichong , Yang Jianfeng , Xie Renli
Published: October 2022

In response to the high hardware requirements of traditional touch input systems, this paper proposes a new system for touch input based on In‐Graphic recognition. Unlike In‐Cell, On‐Cell and other hardware‐based touch input systems, this system uses the method of hiding the input information in the graphic (In‐Graphic), and then uses an algorithm to identify the content with the logo in the display image and complete the input function, which is a touch input system that relies on software algorithms. The system can make a medium to large size screen into a smart screen with touch input function with little increase in hardware cost, and realize a multi‐purpose screen, greatly enhancing the user experience.
P‐7.9: Autostereoscopic Imaging Based on Mutual Filtering of Sum and Ratio Real‐Amplitude Images
Authors: Ezhov Vasily A.
Published: October 2022

A conceptual layout of the direct‐view autostereoscopic imaging comprises a real‐amplitude (hereinafter — amplitude) sum AIΣ imager and an amplitude ratio AIΞ imager. The AIΣ imager reproduces the sums of the brightness values of two adjacent image elements of the left L and right R view images. The AIΞ imager reproduces the ratio of the brightness values of the L or R adjacent view images to the sum of them. The mutual filtering of the AIΣ and AIΞ amplitude distributions during two operation cycles forms L and R full‐screen resolution images in the left ZL and right ZR observation zones. The layout geometry theoretically allows to improve accommodation‐convergence matching for human (observer) visual system as two informational matrices located at different distances from the observer's eyes. The AIΣ and AIΞ imagers can be implemented in the form of conventional amplitude liquid crystal (LC) matrices.
P‐7.20: Depth‐enhanced Integral Imaging 3D Display System
Authors: Ma Xiao-Li , Zhang Han-Le , Xing Yan , Cui Hong-Yu , Wang Qiong-Hua
Published: October 2022

A depth‐enhance integral imaging (InIm) 3D display system is proposed. Two InIm 3D displays that are placed vertically and be used in the proposed system by combining a transmissive mirror device (TMD) and a semi‐transparent mirror (STM) to enhance the depth. Due to the distance between the two InIm 3D displays and the TMD is different, so the 3D display proposed achieves the extension of depth of field (DOF). The experimental results demonstrate the validity of our proposed system.
P‐7.21: The Main Technologies of Large Size 8K LCD Display System
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Wang Xin , Guan Enhui , Leng Changlin , Yang Fan , Wang Quanzhong , Wu Congrui , Wang Hong , Zhang Zhiguo , Chen Shuo , Wang Xin
Published: October 2022

In recent years，BOE has launched many excellent display products and has been adhering to the research of 8K technology, while leading related technologies. In 2021, we launched a new large size smart display terminal system. In this paper, a new hardware system and several key technologies are proposed for large‐size 8K display terminals. In this paper, it is focused on introducing the system architecture of the hardware system, the design of the high zones Mini‐LED backlight and driver system, the realization of high color gamut display, and the solution and effect of eyesafe about display.
P‐8.1: High‐performance AlGaInP Based Red Micro‐LED†
Authors: Zhanghu Mengyuan , Huang Wenjun , Yang Hang , Lin Yonghong , Wang Zhaojing , Wang Kai , Liu Zhaojun
Published: October 2022

AlGaInP‐based red light‐emitting diode (LED) arrays are a promising technology. However, due to the difficulty of mesa etching, the small size of red Micro‐LEDs is easily affected by edge effects, resulting in low light output power and difficult to meet the requirements of lighting display. We introduce the fabrication method of flip‐chip red Micro‐LED and exhibit the fabrication of devices with good electrical properties and stable optical properties.
P‐8.5: Research on LED Pad Design in Glass‐based Mini LED Backlight
Authors: Pang Bin , Fan Wenjin , Xie Xiaodong
Published: October 2022

In the past two years, the field of glass‐based mini LED backlight has developed rapidly. In this article, experimental research on the design of the LED pad is conducted, including the Cu thickness, stack‐up structure and pad size. The experimental results show that after the LED is solidified, the copper at the bonding pad is consumed and intermetallic compounds (IMC) are formed. The IMC has a granular morphology, dispersed in the solder layer. The main components of IMC are Cu6Sn5 and Ag3Sn. When the copper thickness on the pad increases from 0.6um to 3.6um in turn, the proportion of IMC in the solder layer increases significantly. The formation of IMC can improve the connection strength, but too much IMC will reduce the mechanical strength and the rework times. The fundamental method is to suppress the reaction rate of the Cu layer and the SnAgCu solder. The Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG) process is a feasible method, because the Ni layer can effectively reduce the formation rate of IMC, and Au layer can effectively prevent the Cu of the LED pad from being oxidized. In addition, when the expansion of the BP pad relative to the LED bump increases, the die bonding yield is also significantly improved. These verification results could provide reference for future mini LED product design and production.
P‐8.7: Research on Micro‐LEDs Flip Chip Interconnection Technology
Authors: Xie Shifeng , Wang Hao , Liu Zhaojun
Published: October 2022

The pixel unit of Micro‐LEDs is below 100 μm (P0.1) and is integrated on a chip with high density. The miniaturized Micro‐LEDs has higher luminous brightness, resolution and color saturation, as well as faster display response speed. Micro‐LEDs is expected to be applied to augmented reality (AR) miniature projection devices and car head‐ups that require higher brightness, super large display billboards and other special display application products.
P‐8.10: A New Method for Extending the Storage Time of MLED BP
Authors: Wang Shengnan , Huang Jing , Lv Shuaishuai , Chen Yu , Wang Liantao
Published: October 2022

This paper studies the oxidation of the pad and the bonding lead caused by the long‐term storage of MLED BP. By analyzing the laminated structure and materials of the pad and the bonding lead, studying the oxidation mechanism, the experimental plan is designed and verified, and the actual verification is carried out. Finally, through the design of three actual verification results, namely:deoxidizer plus vacuum; deoxidizer plus vacuum plus nitrogen;deoxidizer plus vacuum plus nitrogen plus vacuum, we find the plan 3 witch is deoxidizer plus vacuum plus nitrogen plus vacuum is the best plan to extend the storage time by 2 weeks from one week to three weeks.This method provides a reference for subsequent product storage.
P‐10.5: Flexible Sensing Array of A‐Si TFT for X‐ray Imaging Application
Authors: Tu Cheng-Che , Guo Yu-Wen , Tai Ya-Hsiang
Published: October 2022

The investigation in device characteristics of amorphous silicon (a‐Si) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) on the flexible substrate will benefit the application of bending and irradiation. The actual flexible sensing array is also fabricated to do further testing and demonstration.
X-Linked Ichthyosis: New Insights Into a Multi-System Disorder
Authors: Wren Georgina H. , Davies William
Published: October 2022

Background

X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) is a rare genetic condition almostexclusively affecting males; it is characterised by abnormal desquamation and retentionhyperkeratosis, and presents with polygonal brown scales. Most cases resultfrom genetic deletions within Xp22.31 spanning the STS (steroid sulfatase)gene, with the remaining cases resulting from STS-specific mutations. For manyyears it has been recognised that individuals with XLI are at increased risk ofcryptorchidism and corneal opacities.

Methods

We discuss emerging evidence that such individuals are alsomore likely to be affected by a range of neurodevelopmental and psychiatrictraits, by cardiac arrhythmias, and by rare fibrotic and bleeding-relatedconditions. We consider candidate mechanisms that may confer elevatedlikelihood of these individual conditions, and propose a novel commonbiological risk pathway.

Results

Understanding the prevalence, nature and co-occurrence ofcomorbidities associated with XLI is critical for ensuring early identificationof symptoms and for providing the most effective genetic counselling andmultidisciplinary care for affected individuals.

Conclusion

Future work in males with XLI, and in new preclinical andcellular model systems, should further clarify underlying pathophysiologicalmechanisms amenable to therapeutic intervention.
Ultra‐Narrow Linewidth Photo‐Emitters in Polymorphic Selenium Nanoflakes
Authors: Hussain Naveed , Ahmed Shehzad , Tepe Hüseyin U. , Huang Kai , Avishan Nardin , He ShiJie , Rafique Mohsin , Farooq Umar , Kasirga Talip Serkan , Bek Alpan , Turan Rasit , Shehzad Khurram , Wu Hui , Wang Zhiming
Published: October 2022

Photoluminescence (PL) in state‐of‐the‐art 2D materials suffers from narrow spectral coverage, relatively broad linewidths, and poor room‐temperature (RT) functionality. The authors report ultra‐narrow linewidth photo‐emitters (ULPs) across the visible to near‐infrared wavelength at RT in polymorphic selenium nanoflakes (SeNFs), synthesized via a hot‐pressing strategy. Photo‐emitters in NIR exhibit full width at half maximum (Γ) of 330 ± 90 µeV, an order of magnitude narrower than the reported ULPs in 2D materials at 300 K, and decrease to 82 ± 70 µeV at 100 K, with coherence time (τc) of 21.3 ps. The capping substrate enforced spatial confinement during thermal expansion at 250 °C is believed to trigger a localized crystal symmetry breaking in SeNFs, causing a polymorphic transition from the semiconducting trigonal (t) to quasi‐metallic orthorhombic (orth) phase. Fine structure splitting in orth‐Se causes degeneracy in defect‐associated bright excitons, resulting in ultra‐sharp emission. Combined theoretical and experimental findings, an optimal biaxial compressive strain of −0.45% cm−1 in t‐Se is uncovered, induced by the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch at the selenium/sapphire interface, resulting in bandgap widening from 1.74 to 2.23 ± 0.1 eV. This report underpins the underlying correlation between crystal symmetry breaking induced polymorphism and RT ULPs in SeNFs, and their phase change characteristics.