bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Determination, Quantitative Evaluation and Comparative Insecticidal Potential of Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil and Its Major Constituents in the Management of Two Stored Pests Sitophilus Zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) And Corcyra Cephalon
Authors: Perera A.G.W.U. , Karunaratne M.M.S.C. , Chinthaka S.D.M.
Published: March 2020

Eco-chemical control based on essential oil mediated plant-insect interactions is an alternative method to the unsystematic use of insecticides, due to advanced structural diversity and allelopathic potential of essential oils. In this sense, present work was aimed at qualitative and quantitative investigation of chemical composition and the evaluation of insecticidal activities of Ruta graveolens essential oil and its major constituents against Sitophilus zeamais and Corcyra cephalonica in stored maize. Fresh leaves were subjected to hydrodistillaton and the chemical composition of oil was studied. Essential oil and its major constituents were then assessed for their allelopathic activity on test insects. Fifty components were identified, where long chain aliphatic 2-methyl ketones predominated the oil as major constituents. Results revealed strong concentration-, insect species- and time-dependent toxicities, in which oil caused 100 % mortalities at concentrations of 1.52 and 0.46 µL/cm2 against S. zeamais and C. cephalonica respectively after 24 hours of exposure. In aliphatic 2-methyl ketone series, respective congeners having odd and even number of carbon atoms were more effective on S. zeamais and C. cephalonica. These findings provide a scientific basis for the eco-potential of using essential oil of R. graveolens and its major constituents in integrated insect pest management programs.
Comparison on Detection Results of Pathogen Nucleic Acids for Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Lung Infection Infants Between Uighur Nationality and Han Nationality
Authors: Lu Linglong
Published: March 2020

Objective: To analyze the detection results of pathogen nucleic acids for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of lung infection infants from Uighur nationality and Han nationality. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the 318 infants with lung infection who were admitted to the hospital from April 2018 to April 2019. According to their nationality, they were divided into Uighur nationality group (190 cases) and Han nationality group (128 cases). The BALF specimens were collected to test pathogen nucleic acid. The distribution and positive rates of [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus A (IFA), influenza virus B (IFB), parainfluenza virus type 1 (PIV I), parainfluenza virus type 2 (PIV II), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV III)], bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) in both groups were observed and compared. Results: The virus detection for RSV, ADV and PIV III were on the top three in BALF from the children in both groups. The total positive rate of virus examination in Uighur nationality group was higher than that in Han nationality group (P<0.05). BALF in both groups was mainly on Streptococcus pneumoniae. The total positive rate of bacteria, MP and detection rate of chlamydia were higher in Uighur nationality group were higher than those in Han nationality group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The pathogen nucleic acid examination for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in infants with lung viral infection is in the majority, mainly on RSV virus infection. The positive rates of virus, bacteria, MP and CP of children in Uighur nationality are high than those in Han nationality.
Clinical Efficacy of Mixing Natural Teeth and Implant Supported Denture Sleeve
Authors: Zhao Rigetu , Miao Yu , Yang Hui , Yu Yunzhi , Huo Huan , Kang Kai
Published: March 2020

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of Mixing natural teeth and implant supported denture sleeve, and provide reference for clinical treatment. Methods: 46 patients with Molarless in hospital from December 2010 - December 2014 were selected, patients were randomly divided into observer group and control group, two groups of patients were designed and planted natural teeth fixed bridge and natural teeth and implants mixed support sleeve denture, regular follow patients and the surrounding alveolar bone height changes, 5-year cumulative retention rate, clinical efficiency and other indicators. Results: During clinical observation, patients with no obvious symptoms, the use of feel good, no loose superstructure situation. Two groups of patients were 2 cases of patients with implant loosening occurs, the amount of bone resorption annual observation group (0.22 ± 0.10) mm less than the control group (0.24 ± 0.08) mm, but no significant difference (P> 0.05), clinical observation group efficiency (100%) was significantly higher (72.3%) (P <0.05), the observation group study implants 5-year cumulative retention rate was 94.4%. Conclusion: Mixing natural teeth and implant - supported telescopic denture success rate of 100% was observed during the clinical results were satisfactory, with use value.
Application Principle of Digital Animation Technology in Experimental Teaching
Authors: Ma Xiaolin , Zhu Mengmeng , Zhang Hangqi
Published: March 2020

With the continuous development and improvement of social science and technology, the “learning-oriented” teaching method is proposed, the traditional experimental teaching methods in colleges and universities are insufficient to meet the needs of experimental teaching. By studying the role and advantages of digital animation technology in experimental teaching, analyzing the application principle of digital animation in laboratory teaching, it is proposed to strengthen the application of digital animation technology in experimental teaching, give full play to the advantages of digital animation technology, and improve the quality of  experimental teaching to promote students’ learning efficiency in experimental teaching.
Nudging towards tax compliance: A fieldwork-informed randomised controlled trial
Authors: Vainre Maris , Aaben Laura , Paulus Alari , Koppel Helleka , Tammsaar Helelyn , Telve Keiu , Koppel Katre , Beilmann Kaia , Uusberg Andero
Published: March 2020

Changing complex behaviors such as tax evasion may require several behavioral interventions, or nudges. We developed a tailored compound intervention approach to increase employers’ payroll tax compli-ance in Estonia’s construction industry. First, we used anthropological methods to gain insights into the deci-sion processes of employers and employees in the industry (Study 1, N=16). These insights were combined with behavioral decision-making principles to design an intervention e-mail with the aim to strengthen per-ceived risks and weaken descriptive norms of non-compliance as well as to strengthen collaborative and weaken adversarial construal of tax authority. The compound intervention was tested using a three-armed non-blinded randomized controlled trial (Study 2, N=4770) involving all employers whose declared wages were below 70% of the industry’s average. The intervention significantly increased declared payroll taxes by 5.1% to 6.1% on average across the two treated groups over a 3-month follow-up period (p< .0001) and was therefore effective. It remains unclear which constituent nudges of our compound intervention were crucial for this effect. These findings suggest that the compound intervention approach may be a feasible avenue for designing effective interventions in under-studied contexts.
Reparación laparoscópica de hernia hiatal gigante
Authors: Correa Restrepo Julieta , Morales Uribe Carlos Hernando , Toro Vásquez Juan Pablo
Published: March 2020

Introducción. La reparación laparoscópica es el estándar de tratamiento en hernia hiatal gigante. Sin embargo, a pesar de su baja morbilidad, la tasa de recurrencia sigue siendo alta. Nuestro objetivo fue describir los resultados de la reparación laparoscópica de hernia hiatal gigante, independientemente de la técnica de cruroplastia empleada. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo de pacientes llevados a reparación laparoscópica de hernia hiatal gigante en el periodo 2009-2017. Se analizaron los datos demográficos, la técnica quirúrgica, las complicaciones y la estancia hospitalaria. Se revisaron los resultados de la endoscopia, la radiografía de vías digestivas altas y la escala de síntomas GERD-HRQOL, obtenidos luego de un año de cirugía. Resultados. Se incluyeron 44 pacientes con un tamaño promedio de la hernia de 7 cm. Se practicó cruroplastia con sutura simple en 36,4 %, sutura más refuerzo con politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE) o dacrón, en 59,1 %, y se usó malla en 4,5 %. Hubo 12 complicaciones, la estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 3,5 días y no hubo mortalidad. Se encontró recurrencia endoscópica o radiológica en 6/20 pacientes, todas pequeñas y asintomáticas. En 23 pacientes, la escala GERD-HRQOL reportó un valor promedio de 7,7 y 78 % de satisfacción. Solo un paciente requirió cirugía de revisión. Conclusión. El método preferido de reparación laparoscópica de la hernia hiatal gigante es la cruroplastia sin malla, técnica asociada a baja morbilidad y adecuado control de los síntomas. La tasa de recurrencia es similar a la reportada en la literatura. Se requieren estudios prospectivos con seguimiento completo a largo plazo para validar estos resultados.
Hemopericardio por disparo sin lesión cardíaca, descripción de un mecanismo de trauma
Authors: Da Costa Medeiros Bruno José , Oliveira Araujo Antonio , Daumas Pinheiro Guimarães Adriana Daumas Pinheiro Guimarães
Published: March 2020

Introducción. Durante muchos siglos, las heridas del corazón se consideraron fatales. Actualmente, el trauma cardíaco sigue siendo una de las lesiones más letales. Los resultados de pacientes con lesión cardíaca penetrante pueden variar de lesiones letales a arritmias que se resuelven espontáneamente. El hemopericardio en el trauma generalmente es debido a la lesión cardíaca penetrante, pero el saco pericárdico puede llenarse de sangre de grandes vasos y de la ruptura de la arteria pericardiofrénica asociada a laceración pericárdica contusa.
Métodos. Para la organización de este estudio, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la literatura científica. Dos casos fueron observados por el equipo de Cirugía General al describir este raro mecanismo de trauma.
Resultados. Descripción de una causa diferente de hemopericardio, ocasionada por la sangre de la cavidad peritoneal.
Discusión. En los casos presentados, la lesión por arma de fuego rompió la barrera entre las cavidades pericárdica y peritoneal (diafragma), colocando cavidades con diferentes niveles de presión, favoreciendo la entrada de sangre de la cavidad peritoneal al saco pericárdico.
Conclusión. En los casos observados el proyectil pasó muy cerca del corazón, pero sin lesionarlo. La ruptura de la superficie diafragmática del pericardio permitió que la presión de la cavidad peritoneal se igualara con la presión del pericardio.
Quiloperitoneo espontáneo en el embarazo
Authors: Burgos Luna Juan Manuel , Páez Diana Marcela , Hincapié María Alejandra , Fernández P Paula Andrea , Escobar María Fernanda
Published: March 2020

Introducción. El quiloperitoneo consiste en la presencia de fluido linfático en la cavidad intraabdominal, complicación poco descrita en el embarazo y cuyas repercusiones no están bien establecidas.

Reporte de caso. Se presenta el caso de una mujer gestante con embarazo de 36,5 semanas, sin comorbilidades, hospitalizada por presentar cifras tensionales elevadas asociadas a síntomas de encefalopatía hipertensiva y bradicardia fetal sostenida; se le practicó una cesárea urgente en la cual se evidenció corioperitoneo incidental. La tomografía computarizada abdominal de control no demostró alteraciones.

Discusión. Se descartaron las principales causas del quiloperitoneo, las cuales son neoplasia maligna y trauma. Se consideró que se trataba de un quiloperitoneo espontáneo posiblemente relacionado con la congestión pélvica propia del embarazo, por vasodilatación secundaria al influjo hormonal, aumento de la presión intraabdominal y contribución del volumen ascítico por la preeclampsia, que genera ruptura traumática de los vasos linfáticos.

Conclusión. La ascitis quilosa es una entidad poco frecuente que puede verse asociada con el embarazo. Es fundamental el criterio acertado del ginecoobstetra para determinar tempranamente la etiología.
Optimal Sample Allocation Under Unequal Costs in Cluster-Randomized Trials
Authors: Shen Zuchao , Kelcey Benjamin
Published: March 2020

Conventional optimal design frameworks consider a narrow range of sampling cost structures that thereby constrict their capacity to identify the most powerful and efficient designs. We relax several constraints of previous optimal design frameworks by allowing for variable sampling costs in cluster-randomized trials. The proposed framework introduces additional design considerations and has the potential to identify designs with more statistical power, even when some parameters are constrained due to immutable practical concerns. The results also suggest that the gains in efficiency introduced through the expanded framework are fairly robust to misspecifications of the expanded cost structure and concomitant design parameters (e.g., intraclass correlation coefficient). The proposed framework is implemented in the R package odr.
Causal Inference With Two Versions of Treatment
Authors: Hasegawa Raiden B. , Deshpande Sameer K. , Small Dylan S. , Rosenbaum Paul R.
Published: March 2020

Causal effects are commonly defined as comparisons of the potential outcomes under treatment and control, but this definition is threatened by the possibility that either the treatment or the control condition is not well defined, existing instead in more than one version. This is often a real possibility in nonexperimental or observational studies of treatments because these treatments occur in the natural or social world without the laboratory control needed to ensure identically the same treatment or control condition occurs in every instance. We consider the simplest case: Either the treatment condition or the control condition exists in two versions that are easily recognized in the data but are of uncertain, perhaps doubtful, relevance, for example, branded Advil versus generic ibuprofen. Common practice does not address versions of treatment: Typically, the issue is either ignored or explicitly stated but assumed to be absent. Common practice is reluctant to address two versions of treatment because the obvious solution entails dividing the data into two parts with two analyses, thereby (a) reducing power to detect versions of treatment in each part, (b) creating problems of multiple inference in coordinating the two analyses, and (c) failing to report a single primary analysis that uses everyone. We propose and illustrate a new method of analysis that begins with a single primary analysis of everyone that would be correct if the two versions do not differ, adds a second analysis that would be correct were there two different effects for the two versions, controls the family-wise error rate in all assertions made by the several analyses, and yet pays no price in power to detect a constant treatment effect in the primary analysis of everyone. Our method can be applied to analyses of constant additive treatment effects on continuous outcomes. Unlike conventional simultaneous inferences, the new method is coordinating several analyses that are valid under different assumptions, so that one analysis would never be performed if one knew for certain that the assumptions of the other analysis are true. It is a multiple assumptions problem rather than a multiple hypotheses problem. We discuss the relative merits of the method with respect to more conventional approaches to analyzing multiple comparisons. The method is motivated and illustrated using a study of the possibility that repeated head trauma in high school football causes an increase in risk of early onset cognitive decline.
Survey Pemanfaatan Medicinal Herbs untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas dan Kesehatan Ternak Ruminansia di Bengkulu
Authors: Suteky T. , Dwatmadji Dwatmadji , Soetrisno E.
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan tanaman obat lokal yang dipergunakan untuk peningkatan produktivitas dan kesehatan ternak ruminansia di Bengkulu. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap 75 petani di Bengkulu, semi stuktur quisioner dipergunakan sebagai pedoman untuk bertanya seperti nama tanaman yang dipergunakan, bagian yang dimanfaatkan, cara penggunaannya, dan termasuk bahan lain yang ditambahkan. Setiap tumbuhan yang disebut oleh responden dicatat nama lokal untuk identifikasi nama ilmiahnya. Pada penelitian ini studi literatur dipergunakan untuk mengetahui nama ilmiah/latin dan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimianya. Data dianalisis secara deskripstif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tercatat ada 33 medicinal herbs yang dipakai oleh petani peternak, tanaman tersebut masuk dalam 16 genus dan 14 famili. Medicinal herbs dari famili Zingiberaceae yang terdiri dari 7 species merupakan tanaman yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan, sedangkan 13 famili yang lain diwakili 1 species setiap familinya. Curcuma longa Linn dan Curcuma domestica merupakan medicinal herbs yang paling banyak dipergunakan untuk meningkatkan nafsu makan, mencegah penyakit, bloat, infestasi parasit internal, dan luka. Pemberian tanaman obat secara per oral merupakan metode yang paling banyak dipergunakan diikuti dengan cara topikal. Nama ilmiah dan komponen fitokimia dipelajari berdasarkan studi literatur. Medicinal herbs yang dipergunakan oleh petani peternak kebanyakan merupakan kitchen herbs dengan demikian tanaman ini relatif aman untuk ternak ruminansia.
Islam dan Kuasa Seksualitas Perempuan di Indonesia
Authors: ZA Tabrani , Idris Saifullah , hayati
Published: March 2020

Gagasan yang menumbuh pada relasi kuasa tak ayal menumbuhkan bibit-bibit kekerasan seksual terhadap perempuan. Perempuan hanya dilihat sebagai seonggok daging bernama tubuh seksual. Subjek yang melihat adalah laki-laki. Melihat di sini dimaknai sebagai penguasa tatapan. Foucault menganasir hal ini sebagai tindakan kekuasaan-pengetahuan yang menerapkan strategi kekuasaannya untuk mengatur [seksualitas] perempuan. Ada histerisasi tubuh perempuan yang menunjukkan bahwa tubuh [perempuan] dikaitkan dengan tubuh sosial untuk menjamin kesuburan dan semua bentuk kewajiban yang datang dari keluarga termasuk kehidupan anak. Jadi tubuh perempuan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari tanggung jawab biologi dan moral. Khasanah fikih klasik hingga hari ini masih memberikan kacamata patriarki yang sarat bias gender dalam mengatur seksualitas perempuan.
Governments Should Compel Leading Medical Journals to Correct Flaws and Mistakes Concerning COVID-19
Authors: Wu Jianqing
Published: March 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has gotten out of control, from a few cases to nearly 170,000 cases in the U.S. It is predicted that about 80% people will get the disease with estimated 2.2 million deaths. The world population is 7.8 billion and about 6.2 billion will get the disease. About 180 million may die from the disease. A far worse consequence is that a large number of people will suffer lung disability permanently. I will show that leading medical journals’ editorial policies and review practices are primarily responsible for this disaster. It is time to completely fix medical journals’ review system. I urge all lawmakers in Western nations to wear masks.
Utilitas Media Sosial Smartphone dalam Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan
Authors: Utomo Andri Wahyu
Published: March 2020

Masyarakat di era teknologi saat ini cenderung bebas, individual dan bersifat egosentrisme. Hal ini tentunya berdampak pada semua aspek kehidupan manusia. Saat ini perkembangan teknologi membuat perubahan yang sangat pesat baik, ekonomi, pendidikan, dan lainya. Smartphone pada saat ini telah digunakan oleh semua kalangan masyarakat baik pengusaha, pendidikan, ekonomi tinggi, ekonomi rendah, masyarakat biasa, dan pada saat ini pelajar sudah dominan meggunakan smartphone yang canggih. Didalam dunia pendidikan yaitu Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan yang merupakan pendidikan secara utuh melibatkan tiga ranah yaitu aspek kognitif (pengetahuan), afektif (perasaan/sikap) dan psikomotor (keterampilan gerak). Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan tidak terlepas dari perkembangan manusia di dunia, dengan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang tercipta. Pada era informasi saat ini, informasi menjadi sangat berharga dan menjadi tolak ukur perkembangan suatu masyarakat. Teknologi informasi pada saat ini menawarkan peluang bagi peningkatan dan kemudahan efisiensi kerja. Media sosial sebagai salah satu sarana informasi dan alat komunikasi yang memfasilitasi hubungan antara satu dengan lainnya. Semakin berkembangnya teknologi informasi dan telekomunikasi saat ini berdampak baik untuk perkembangan pembelajaran. Kemudahan dalam media sosial pelayanan informasi yang dimanfaatkan melalui web atau jejaring sosial lainnya seperti Facebook, Instagram, Youtube, WhatsApps, Tweeter dan media sosial yang lain merupakan jejaring sosial yang berdominasi digunakan masyarakat, dimana pemanfaatannya dapat digunakan didalam pembelajaran dan tugas belajar, hal ini berguna untuk meningkatkan kemampuan/keterampilan siswa, mengembangkan pikiran berwawasan luas mengenai pendalaman materi, praktikum maupun tugas tambahan belajar.
Dopaminergic modulation of stress-induced alterations in goal-directed behaviour and associated brain activation
Authors: van Ruitenbeek Peter , Quaedflieg Conny W.E.M. , Hartogsveld Bart , Smeets Tom
Published: March 2020

Being exposed to acute stress may cause people to behave more habitual, which purportedly is associated stress-induced increased dopamine release. In contrast, experimental rises in systemic dopamine levels have been shown to increase goal-directed behaviour and, thus, decrease habitual control. Whether experimentally increased dopamine functioning can modulate stress-induced reductions in goal-directed behaviour and its neural substrates, is currently unknown. To assess whether increased dopamine functioning reduces stress effects on goal-directed behaviour, 100 participants were recruited who were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in a 2x2 between participants design. Participants underwent a stress induction protocol (Maastricht Acute Stress Test; MAST) or a control procedure and received methylphenidate (40 mg, oral) or placebo. In a well-established instrumental learning paradigm, participants were trained to learn stimulus-response-outcome associations, after which rewards were selectively devalued and participants’ goal-directed behaviour was assessed at peak cortisol/methylphenidate concentrations in a magnetic resonance imaging scanner to assess brain activation. The MAST effectively increased physiological measures of stress (salivary cortisol, blood pressure) and subjective stress. Methylphenidate also increased cortisol levels over time. While stress selectively reduced goal-directed behaviour, this effect was not modulated by methylphenidate. However, methylphenidate modulated stress effects on activation in paracingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate associated with expected value representation in goal-directed behaviour. Our neuroimaging data suggest increased dopamine levels reverse stress-induced changes in brain activation associated with goal-directed behaviour. These effects may be relevant for preventing stress-induced relapse in addictive behaviour.
The Relationship Between Multisensory Temporal Processing and Schizotypal Traits
Authors: Dalal Tyler C. , Muller Anne-Marie , Stevenson Ryan A
Published: March 2020

Recent literature has suggested that atypical sensory processing observed in schizophrenia may contribute to clinical symptomatology. Specifically, multisensory temporal processing was shown to be strongly associated with hallucination severity. Here, we explored whether this relationship extends to a broader spectrum of schizotypal traits, in line with the DSM-5’s shift towards a more dimensional approach to diagnostic criteria within Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Fifty-one participants completed an audiovisual temporal order judgment task as a measure of multisensory temporal processing and self-reported levels of schizotypal traits using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. These data revealed two novel findings. First, less precise multisensory temporal processing was related to higher overall levels of schizotypal traits. Second, this relationship was specific to the cognitive-perceptual domain, and more specifically, the Unusual Perceptual Experiences and Odd Beliefs or Magical Thinking measures. Previous literature has shown that less precise multisensory temporal processing was related to the severity of hallucinations in schizophrenia. These findings provide a novel, direct extension of this previous work by demonstrating that this relationship applies to traits across the schizophrenia spectrum, including at the subclinical level.
Where's the wine? Heavy social drinkers show attentional bias towards alcohol in a visual search conjunction task
Authors: Pennington Charlotte Rebecca , Shaw Daniel
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: Research indicates that high consumers of alcohol exhibit attentional bias (AB) towards alcohol-related cues, suggestive of a cognitive mechanism that might drive substance seeking. Many tasks that measure AB (e.g., visual probe, addiction Stroop), however, are limited by their reliance on non-appetitive control cues, the serial presentation of stimuli, and their poor internal reliability. The current study employed a visual conjunction search (VCS) task capable of presenting multiple alcoholic and non-alcoholic appetitive cues simultaneously to assess whether social drinkers attend selectively to alcoholic stimuli. To assess the construct validity of this task, we examined whether alcohol consumption and related problems, subjective craving, and drinking motives predict alcohol-specific AB. Design & Setting: A VCS task was performed in a laboratory setting, which required participants to detect the presence of appetitive alcoholic (wine, beer) and non-alcoholic (cola, lemonade) targets within arrays of matching and non-matching distractors. Participants: Data from 99 participants were assessed (MAge = 20.77, SD = 2.98; 64 [65%] females), with 81.8% meeting the threshold for harmful alcohol consumption (MAUDIT = 12.89, SD = 5.79). Measurements: Self-reports of alcohol consumption and related problems (AUDIT), subjective craving (Alcohol Craving Questionnaire Short Form) and drinking motives (Drinking Motives Questionnaire Short Form) were obtained, and the VCS task measured response times for the correct detection of alcoholic and non-alcoholic targets. Findings: Participants were significantly quicker to detect alcoholic relative to non-alcoholic appetitive targets (p < .001, dz = .41), which was predicted positively by AUDIT scores (p = .013, R2 = .06%). The VCS task achieved excellent reliability (α > .79), superior to other paradigms. Conclusions: The Visual Conjunction Search task presents as a highly reliable method for assessing alcohol-related attentional bias, and shows that heavy social drinkers prioritise alcoholic cues in their immediate environment.
Machine Learning to Analyze Single-Case Data: A Replication and Extension
Authors: Lanovaz Marc J
Published: March 2020

Recently, Lanovaz et al. (2020) have found that machine learning algorithms may adequately control for Type I error rate and power when analyzing single-case graphs. However, the study limited most of its analyses to simulated datasets. To replicate and extend this study, we applied the four machine learning models developed by Lanovaz et al. (2020) to a previously published nonsimulated dataset. On average, the four models produced lower proportions of false positives than well-established methods to analyze AB graphs (i.e., the dual-criteria and conservative dual-criteria methods). These results support the use of machine learning to analyze single-case graphs, but further replication by an independent research team using educational and clinical data remains necessary.
Índice de sorción como estimador de la capacidad de retención de fósforo en suelos
Authors: Pose Nélida N. , Zamuner Ester C.
Published: March 2020

Los sistemas de producción agrícola y ganadera, con cantidades importantes de ingreso de fósforo (P) al suelo, pueden causar pérdidas de P hacia aguas superficiales. Las investigaciones en los últimos años se han orientado a los mecanismos de la retención de P en diferentes tipos de suelos y a buscar índices o parámetros que se asocien a requerimientos de fertilización y contaminación del medio ambiente. Tradicionalmente, los parámetros de retención de P se han estudiado mediante isotermas de adsorción y estimación de capacidad buffer. Dado que la técnica empleada es compleja y demanda bastante tiempo como para análisis de rutina, en investigaciones más recientes se propone como alternativa el índice de sorción de P (PSI). El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión bibliográfica, y analizar y discutir las variaciones en la técnica de determinación y en las ecuaciones de cálculo utilizadas por diferentes investigadores para cuantificar el PSI. La bibliografía muestra diferencias en la metodología para realizar el índice de un solo punto (relación suelo:solución, cantidad de P agregado, temperatura y tiempo de equilibrio, etc.) y en la ecuación para calcular el PSI. Estas diferencias no han permitido estandarizar la metodología, dificultando la comparación de resultados.
Primer reporte de Phytophthora sojae y sus patotipos afectando soja en Uruguay
Authors: Sans Agustina , Rodríguez Marcelo , Silva Paula , Stewart Silvina
Published: March 2020

La podredumbre de raíz y base de tallo causada por Phytophthora sojae es una enfermedad que causa mermas importantes en el cultivo de soja en el mundo y en la región. Este es el primer reporte de este patógeno afectando soja en Uruguay. Para 14 aislados de P. sojae obtenidos de plantas sintomáticas se determinaron siete razas/patotipos diferentes utilizando un set de 14 diferenciales usados internacionalmente para tal fin. El 57 % de los aislados pertenecieron a un único patotipo (vir1b, 3a, 3b, 5), los seis aislados restantes pertenecieron cada uno a un patotipo diferente incluyendo algunas razas conocidas como raza 4, 14 y 25. Conocer los patotipos que predominan en el país resulta fundamental para la selección por resistencia dentro de un programa de mejoramiento de soja, y a su vez para determinar su compatibilidad con las variedades comerciales.
Growth of Wheat Plants Submitted to the Application of the Growth Regulator Trinexapac-ethyl and Vigor of the Produced Seeds
Authors: Koch Felipe , Aisenberg Geison Rodrigo , Monteiro Manoela Andrade , Pedó Tiago , Zimmer Paulo Dejalma , Villela Franscisco Amaral , Aumonde Tiago Zanatta
Published: March 2020

The use of growth regulators in wheat aims to reduce problems caused by the lodging of plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and vigor expression of wheat seeds treated with a growth regulator and the fertilization of plants to achieve high yields. The cultivar used was OR Topázio, the treatments consisted of the combination of five rates of the trinexapac-ethyl [0 – no application; 200; 400; 600 e 800 mL of the commercial product ha-1] and eight harvesting dates [14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98 e 112 days after emergence ]. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a factorial scheme 5 x 8 (five rates and eight harvest dates) with four repetitions. The total dry matter, dry matter production rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, conversion efficiency of solar energy, photoassimilate partition, harvest index, and seedling emergence index were evaluated. Allocation of total dry matter, relative growth rate, plant height and harvest index were reduced by the growth regulator, with varied intensity according to the rate applied. The net assimilation rate was reduced in plants subjected to 400, 600 and 800 mL ha-1. The seedling emergence and the speed of emergence index were not affected by the action of the growth regulator.
Actualización del factor erosividad de la lluvia en Uruguay
Authors: Pérez Bidegain Mario , Piaggio Juan Manuel , Baethgen Walter , García Préchac Fernando
Published: March 2020

La Ecuación Universal de Pérdida de Suelos (USLE) y su versión revisada (RUSLE) son los modelos de estimación de pérdidas de suelos incorporados en el programa EROSION 6.0. Este último es la herramienta empleada para planificar el uso del suelo y cumplir con la reglamentación vigente en términos de conservación de suelos en Uruguay. El objetivo de esta nota técnica fue emplear la metodología propuesta por Renard y Freimund (1994) para actualizar los valores de factor R en el programa EROSION 6.0. Asimismo, persigue los siguientes objetivos específicos: evaluar el efecto del largo de la serie empleada en la estimación del factor R y comparar los nuevos valores estimados con los que actualmente se emplean. La base de datos empleada para la estimación del Factor R cubre los registros pluviométricos mensuales del período 1980-2009 en diferentes localidades de Uruguay. Las ecuaciones empleadas en este trabajo permitieron actualizar los valores de factor R y obtener magnitudes del mismo que concuerdan con valores de factor R publicados en la bibliografía especializada de la región limítrofe. El intercepto y la pendiente de la línea de regresión entre el factor R promedio de 30 años empleando las Ecuaciones 1 y 2 no fue distinto de cero (P < 0,29) y uno (P < 0,70), respectivamente. El largo de la serie pluviográfica empleada afecta el valor de factor R estimado. Dada la alta variabilidad interanual de las precipitaciones se recomienda emplear las estimaciones basadas en 30 años de información pluviométrica.
ПРОБЛЕМИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ СУЧАСНОЇ КУЛЬТУРНО-ДОЗВІЛЛЄВОЇ СФЕРИ: ВІТЧИЗНЯНИЙ ДОСВІД
Authors: Кучина Н. І.  , Глущук О. Г.  , Манелюк Д. І.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the problems and perspectives of the development of the modern cultural and leisure sphere on the example of domestic experience. The current circumstances of large-scale changes in sociocultural development are forcing scientists to develop new approaches to improve the functioning of the cultural and leisure sphere, capable of responding to the challenges of the realities of today. Considering many years of observations and own scientific research, information about the basic problems of the industry in the article is grouped into three blocks: nationwide, regional and specific. Taking into account the necessity of systematic solution of problematic issues both at the sectoral level and at the level of individual organization, the research proposes to develop perspective ways of development of cultural and leisure sphere taking into account information development of society and consumer interests of the population. At the same time, any systematic measures aimed at eliminating at least some of these problems by local authorities or the community can be considered as effective means of developing a modern cultural and leisure sphere.
ИВАН ФРАНКО И УКРАИНСКАЯ МУЗЫКА
Authors: Юрий Новиков  , Антон Генкин
Published: March 2020

The article considers the contribution to Ukrainian in the music of the late 19th - early 20th centuries of the poet, public figure, researcher Ivan Franko. Advocating Western Ukrainian folklore, the poet turned to journalism and music criticism. Ukrainian composers created romances, choirs, cantatas, oratorios, vocal-symphonic cantatas, symphonic poems, radio dramas, operas, ballets based on poems by Ivan Frank. The special attention of Ivan Franko to Ukrainian folklore is noted.
CRITERIA AND SELECTION PROCEDURE OF VIDEO MATERIALS FOR BUILDING PRE-SERVICE FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS’ SPEECH PRODUCTION COMPETENCE
Authors: Anna Boyko
Published: March 2020

The article describes the process of video materials’ criteria selection for building pre-service food technologist’s speech production competence and the procedure of video materials selection according to these criteria. The article defines the definition of selection criteria and determines factors were considered in the process of video materials’ selection criteria specification.
ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ТА ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ФОНДОВОГО РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Смагло О. В.
Published: March 2020

Today, the Stock market of Ukraine is at the stage of its formation and is lagging far behind the stock markets of industrialized countries. Against this background, the study of current conditions and peculiarities of development of stock exchange trading and infrastructure of Ukraine becomes extremely relevant for the national economy.The stock market of Ukraine is in a state today that ensures its transition from the sphere of servicing of capital circulation to an independent sector of the economy, since one of the main indicators of the state of the economy of any country is the stock market, which is very keenly responsive to any changes in the state. The functioning of the stock market depends primarily on strong infrastructure, which creates the right conditions for the issue and further circulation of securities.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION MECHANISM
Authors: Davyd Shatirishvili
Published: March 2020

The theoretical aspects of application of information and communication mechanism in the field of public transport are defined. The object of study is the field of public land transport services. The purpose of the article is to analyze the world experience in implementing information and communication mechanism and substantiate the need for the use of appropriate technologies in the public administration of the sphere of services in the land public transport in the capital city. The conceptual foundations of creating smart-cities are revealed. The attention is focused on the information and communication technologies as one of the areas of smart-specialization of the city of Kyiv. The world tendencies of introduction of the information-communication or smart-technologies are presented. The problems of functioning of urban transport system are revealed. The feasibility of introducing an intelligent transport system has been proved. The key issues that need to be addressed to improve the current situation in the field of the land public transport in the city of Kyiv are outlined. There is also an emphasis on improving the performance of the carrier-company. The relationship between the information- communication, regulatory, organizational, financial mechanisms is revealed. The need to involve the city dwellers in the development of the management decisions is emphasized.
JEOPOLİTİKTE MEKAN KAVRAMI
Authors: DEMİR Tarık
Published: March 2020

Çalışmada jeopolitik biliminde çok
tartışılan mekân kavramının anlam dünyası ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu
bağlamda mekân kavramının anlam dünyası ilk önce felsefi ve etimolojik açıdan,
daha sonra da jeopolitik açıdan incelenmiştir. Mekân kavramı gerek felsefi ve
kökenbilimsel bakımdan gerekse çeşitli jeopolitik teorilerin görgül tarih
içerisindeki uygulamaları bakımından incelemeye tabi tutulduğunda, bu kavramın
insan-çevre etkileşimi ya da insan-çevre birlikteliği temelinde bir varoluşsal
anlam dünyasına sahip olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Çalışmada mekân kavramının
öncelikle farklı dünya dillerindeki karşılıkları yorumsamacı bakış açısından incelenmiş;
daha sonra da Alman, Amerikan, Rus, Çin ve Japon jeopolitik düşünce okullarının
mekân kavramına bakış açısı kısaca ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
The Application of Pilates Exercises for Optimization of Functional State of Students’ Bodies
Authors: Leshkevich Sergey Anatolevich , Leshkevich Vadim Anatolevich , Lipovaya Nataliya Nikolaevna , Potyomkina Elena Ivanovna , Kargina Svetlana Yurevna
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the study of the possibility of applying Pilates exercises for optimization of the functional state of students’ bodies by performing the basic principles of technology and its implementation in students’ educational process. The characteristic of basic Pilates exercises is given. Among those exercises are: twisting, body-rocking, and strain of the spine bone. Methods of research. During the study the methods that allow us to assess the dynamics of the functional state of the body (determination of heart rate, blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), hypoxic samples «Stange and Genchi», the Rufier tese, the Kerdo index, Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, assessment of general state, activity and mood) were applied. The results presented indicate the effectiveness of the Pilates exercises implementation in the program on the subject «Physical Culture» for optimization the functional state and improvement of bodies of female students at the age of 17-20 years. It is concluded that this set of exercises increases the efficiency and effectiveness of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, physical performance, as well as reduce the level of state and trait anxiety, and the activity of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.
Organizational and Content Aspects of Implementation of Inclusive Education
Authors: Polyakova Nadezhda Petrovna , Silanteva Svetlana Nikolaevna , Trofimova Valentina Ivanovna
Published: March 2020

This article discusses the implementation of a model of inclusive education in general education organizations and the construction of an educational route for students with disabilities. It is through the substantive and organizational sections of the adapted basic general education programmes that special conditions are created and observed to ensure that children with special needs and disabilities have equal access to quality education in general education organizations, taking into account the peculiarities of their psychophysical development and the recommendations of psychological, medical and pedagogical commissions. The main aim of the study is to systematize and improve the professional competencies in supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups on the development of adapted basic general education programs of educational organizations. In order to achieve the aim of this study, the following analytical methods have been employed: retrospective analysis of scientific literature, content analysis of periodical press and proceedings of scientific conferences on the subject; as well as practical methods (including own experience of working in the fields of specialized education and advanced training). In addition, BE of FVE “Chuvash Republican Institute of Education of the Ministry of Education of Chuvashia” proposed a program of advanced training “Organizational and Substantive Aspects of Inclusive Education,” based on legal, theoretical and methodological principles. The results of the conducted study show that supervisors and teachers – members of the working groups – are gaining significant practical knowledge of developing adapted basic general education programmes. It can be concluded that the planned results of the program suggest elimination of professional deficiency concerning the organizational and substantive issues of constructing an educational route for children with disabilities in conditions of inclusive education, as well as development of adapted basic general education programs of an educational organization.
Menopausal Status Impairs Acute Inflammatory Recovery from Resistance Exercise
Authors: Kullman Emily , Axelrod Christopher L. , Kullman Emily , Little Kathleen D. , Sparks Kenneth E.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of menopausal status on inflammatory responses to a
single bout of resistance exercise (RE). Twenty pre- (N=10) or post- menopausal (N=10) women aged 18-
65 years had one repetition maximum (1RM) determined for the chest and leg press, leg and biceps curl,
vertical pull down, triceps and leg extension exercises. On a separate day, participants completed a session
of full body resistance exercise (RE) during which subjects performed three sets of 10 repetitions at 75%
1RM for the aforementioned exercises. Blood samples were obtained prior to, immediately, and one hour
after exercise. Changes in interleukin-6, -10, and transforming growth factor beta (IL-6, -10, and TGF-β1)
were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). IL-6 significantly increased (P<0.05)
over time in both groups. Immediately post exercise levels of IL-10 were significantly lower (P<0.05) in
the post-menopausal group. Changes in IL-10 correlated with 17β-estradiol levels (r2=0.45, P<0.001).
Menopausal status impaired inflammatory recovery following acute RE. These changes may be attributed
to menopause-induced perturbations to the hormonal milieu.
MECHANISM OF ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY OF THE MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE
Authors: CHERCHYK L.M.
Published: March 2020

Topicality. The activities of modern enterprises are characterized by a mismatch of environmental and economic interests, an inefficient policy in the field of environmental security, which leads to negative external and internal consequences. Therefore, tools need to be improved to ensure the environmental security of the enterprise. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for the formation of a mechanism for ensuring environmental security of the enterprise. The objectives of the study are: to clarify the essence of environmental security, its mechanism of maintenance; definition of principles, criteria, prerequisites for the formation of a mechanism for ensuring environmental security; substantiation of the purpose, goals, functions, structure of this mechanism.
Research results. Theoretical and methodological formation provisions of the mechanism of ensuring the ecological security of the enterprise, which consist in the refinement of such elements of methodology as basic theories and paradigms, approaches according to which the subject area, target orientations, subject-object structure, criteria, methods, determine the content content of the components of this mechanism. Determined the essence of the mechanism of ensuring the environmental security of the enterprise as a set of institutions, principles, levers, methods and instruments of influence to ensure such conditions of its (enterprise’s) functioning, which guarantee the achievement of economic and social development goals, prevent (minimize) destructive impact and preserve (improvement) of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the external environment of the enterprise. A functional approach to meaningful filling of the mechanism as a set of the following blocks has been developed: formation of institutional conditions for ensuring the environmental security of the enterprise; organizational and information analytical support; goal setting; substantiation of the strategic set of enterprise development; development of environmental policy; strategic planning; choice of instruments of legal, economic, technical, organizational character; control. Conclusion. Ensuring the ecological security of enterprises is possible only through the selection of such a set of effective instruments of influence on all processes and spheres of its activity within a single mechanism, which will allow timely identification and prevention of internal and external threats to the development of the enterprise, to realize the set goals without harming the environment.