bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un flamine provincial des Alpes-Maritimes à Embrun. Flaminat provincial, incolatus et frontière des Alpes-Maritimes
Authors: Arnaud Pascal
Published: July 2011

L'inscription CIL XII. 81, découverte à Embrun, nous apprend qu'un duumvir et décurion de cette cité a géré la charge de flamine des Alpes-Maritimes. Cette inscription date probablement de la fin du IIe ou du début du IIIe s. de notre ère. Pour expliquer cette anomalie, il n'est ni nécessaire de rajeunir la pierre jusqu'à l'époque tétrarchique ni défaire intervenir une quelconque extension des Alpes-Maritimes jusqu'à Embrun dès le Haut-Empire. Inscrit dans la tribu Papiria, et non dans la Quirina, qui est la tribu d'Embrun, ce personnage est certainement originaire de Vence, qui est à ce jour la seule cité des Alpes-Maritimes inscrite dans la tribu Papiria. Un examen des droits et des devoirs qui s'attachaient aux incolae montre qu'ils pouvaient gérer des fonctions électives dans leur cité de résidence sans en avoir la citoyenneté, mais conservaient l'intégralité de leurs devoirs envers leur cité d'origine, dont eux-mêmes et leur descendance demeuraient citoyens. De même que sous le règne de Commode, un citoyen de Salinae (Castellane), dans les Alpes-Maritimes, et décurion de Forum Iulii, en Narbonnaise, a été flamine des Alpes-Maritimes, de même, en tant que citoyen de Vence, L. Allius Vérinus, quoique domicilié à Embrun, dans les Alpes-Cottiennes, a été appelé à assumer le flaminat provincial des Alpes-Maritimes.
Une production de céramique à vernis noir dans la région de Béziers (Hérault) entre la fin du IIe s. et le milieu du Ier s. av. J.-C. : emprunt indigène ou présence italienne précoce ?
Authors: Mauné Stéphane , Sanchez Corinne
Published: July 2011

La découverte, dans l'actuel département de l'Hérault, de témoins d'une production d'imitations de céramique à vernis noir sur un établissement rural antique situé au nord de Béziers constitue un nouvel indice de la romanisation progressive qui touche les campagnes de Gaule Transalpine entre la fin du IIe s. et le milieu du Ier s. av. J.-C. Le contexte archéo-historique micro-régional, le faciès de cette production et l'insertion du site de Saint-Jean-du-Causse dans un réseau d'établissements ruraux entretenant d'étroites relations topographiques avec la centuriation précoloniale Béziers B permettent d'évoquer, à titre d'hypothèse, la présence locale d'un groupe de potiers italiens. Replacées dans la problématique plus large de la présence italienne rurale en Transalpine occidentale, ces données peuvent nous renseigner sur les balbutiements de l'économie domaniale en Gaule méridionale et nous invitent, en définitive, à bien prendre la mesure des spécificités historiques de cette partie de la Province.
La métallurgie extractive du fer dans la Montagne Noire (France) à l'époque romaine. Nouveaux documents
Authors: Domergue Claude , Jarrier Catherine , Tollon Francis
Published: July 2011

L'article présente les trois étapes des recherches paléosidérurgiques menées depuis 1989 sur le site romain du domaine des Forges (Les Martys, Aude) : découverte des premiers fourneaux (1989-1991), campagne d'expérimentations in situ (1991), études en laboratoire et nouvelles découvertes (1991-1993) qui conduisent à une deuxième série d'expériences (juin 1999).
L'esplanade du pré Blanchon : un nouvel ensemble monumental à Riez (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence)
Authors: Borgard Philippe , Bouet Alain
Published: July 2011

Les fouilles menées en 1994 et 1997 dans la partie occidentale de l'agglomération de Riez ont permis de sortir de leur isolement les quatre colonnes appartenant à un temple, seul vestige aujourd'hui visible dans ce secteur. Ces travaux ont en effet partiellement dégagé, immédiatement à l'est, une vaste esplanade bordée de portiques, témoignage d'un espace public (sanctuaire, forum ?) daté de la deuxième moitié du Ier s. ap. J.-C. Une occupation antérieure a également été mise en évidence. Apres l'abandon du monument, la zone -comme le site du groupe cathedral primitif sur l'autre rive du Colostre- est fortement réoccupée durant l'Antiquité tardive.
Révision d'inscriptions de Marseille
Authors: Gascou Jacques
Published: July 2011

A reexamination of six funerary inscriptions in the Musée Borély of Marseille allows a better reading of these documents than that which was proposed by O. Hirschfeld, and afterwards W. Froehner (and E. Espérandieu for the last of them) as well as a more precise dating. Commentaries on these six inscriptions are provided.
Les Dérivées-des-Sigillées Paléochrétiennes de Saint-Pierre de Vence (Eyguières, B.-du-Rh.)
Authors: Rigoir Yves , Pelletier Jean-Pierre , Poguet Michel
Published: July 2011

A very important set of Dérivées des Sigillées paléochrétiennes ware was discovered in Saint-Pierre villa at Eyguières (Bouches-du-Rhône). The inventory of shapes and patterns with ehristian symbols points out to the origin of these productions: South Provence and Rhône valley. Stratigraphy gave chronological marks (Vth and VIth centuries A.D.) which are seldom encountered for this ware.
Nouveau regard sur la chasse et l'élevage dans le sud et le sud-est de la Gaule, aux IVe et Ve s. ap. J.-C. et l'exemple de Constantine (B.-du-Rh.)
Authors: Columeau Philippe
Published: July 2011

L'examen de l'insertion des données obtenues par l'étude de la faune à Constantine dans leur contexte régional met en- évidence la grande variété de l'élevage et de la consommation de la viande au cours du V s. ap. J.-C. La comparaison avec les sites du sud de la Gaule, en fonction de leur statut et de leur position géographique, fait observer une distribution des modes d'exploitation des ressources en viande au sein d'ensembles infra micro régionaux (avec notamment des différences entre les rives nord et sud de l'étang de Berre). Ces ensembles sont rendus mieux visibles par l'examen de la distribution des moutons et des chèvres au sein du groupe des caprinés. Les résultats sont mis en relation avec les données naturelles et la mise en place de la grande transhumance, en confirmant son caractère tardif.
Un dépôt monétaire de bronzes romains datant du Ve siècle ap. J.-C. à « Boussargues » (Argelliers, Hérault)
Authors: Hollard Dominique
Published: July 2011

This hoard of 72 coins is dated drom the middle of the IVth century to a coin minted at Lugdunum or Arelate when Constantine the 3rd was reigning. This hoard was discovered during the excavations of the chalcolithic settlement of Boussargues at Argilliers (Hérault) in 1991.
Villa/vicus : de la forme de l'habitat aux réseaux de peuplement
Authors: Bertoncello Frédérique
Published: July 2011

One way of thinking about villa and 'vicus consists of inquiring about means of characterizing these two kinds of settlements in a surface archaeological survey. According to this perspective rural settlement typologies using automatic classification method of sites from their surface look give a proper investigation field. The results of a typology established from 93 first century A. D. sites in the Var departement point out to the awkwardness of classification to make out clearly what is a villa or a group settlement. The descriptive appliance mainly based upon formal qualities of settlements does not allow us to discern which type of settlement is encountered. We have to look upon their insertion into the frame of contemporary settlements by analysis, the shape and the composition of the population net they belong to. A model of the local settlements nets in Frejus area during the 1st century A.D. points out to a specific geographic repartition of Villae and group settlements and the existence of nets of different structures according to their polarisation ta villae or settlements.
La villa de Sainte-Colombe et le soi-disant vicus de Travers à La-Balme-les-Grottes (Isère). Réinterprétation des données archéologiques
Authors: Royet Robert , Faucher Frank
Published: July 2011

A systematic survey has been carried out on the site of a so-called vicus localised between La Brosse and Travers hamlets (La-Balme-les-Grottes, Isère). Rather than a vicus, several villae and bank-settlement surrounded by many outbuildings were distinguished. A finest exam of the most important site, localised around the Sainte Colombe church, threw a light on his evolution. Last, this survey compared results of differents prospection methods.
Un dépôt de deniers découvert dans la station routière d'Ambrussum (Villetelle, Hérault)
Authors: Berdeaux Le Brazidec Marie-Laure
Published: July 2011

En 2002, un petit trésor de 43 deniers, enfoui au cours de la première moitié du IIIe siècle dans un mur qui s'est effondré vers le milieu du IVe siècle, a été découvert dans les fouilles d'un bâtiment de la station routière d'Ambrussum, accompagné de bijoux et de dés à jouer. Ce dépôt est ici analysé et comparé à des ensembles de composition proche. Il permet également de faire le point sur les trésors de la même période trouvés dans la région.
Structural Diversity of Metallosupramolecular Assemblies from Cu(phen)2+ (phen = 1,10‐Phenanthroline) Building Blocks and 4,4′‐Bipyridine
Authors: Seidel Rüdiger W. , Goddard Richard , Hoch Constantin , Oppel Iris M.
Published: July 2011

Attempts to crystal engineer metallosupramolecularcomplexes from Cu(phen)2+ building blocks and the prototypical,rod‐like, exo‐bidentate ligand 4,4′‐bipyridine (4,4′‐bipy) by layering techniques are described. Reactions of Cu(phen)2+ (phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline) with 4,4′‐bipy in the presence of NO3– counterions yielded two distinct, discrete, dinuclear, Ci symmetric, dumbbell‐typecomplexes, [{Cu(NO3)2(phen)}2(4,4′‐bipy)] (1) and [{Cu(NO3)(phen)(H2O)}2(4,4′‐bipy)](NO3)2 (2), depending upon the mixture of solvents used for crystallization. In compound 1, a mono‐ and a bidentate nitrato group coordinate to Cu2+, whereas in 2 the monodentate nitrato groups are replaced by aqua ligands, which introduce additional hydrogen‐bond donor functionality to the molecule. The crystal structure of 1 was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis at 296 and 110 K. Upon cooling, a disorder‐order transition occurs, with retention of the space group symmetry. The crystal structure of 2 at room temperature was reported previously [Z.‐X. Du, J.‐X. Li, Acta Cryst. 2007, E63, m2282]. We have redetermined the crystal structure of 2 at 100 K. A phase transition is not observed for 2, but the low temperature single‐crystal structure determination is of significantly higher precision than the room temperature study. Both 1 and 2 are obtained phase‐pure, as proven by powder X‐ray diffraction of the bulk materials. Crystals of [Cu(phen)(CF3SO3)2(4,4′‐bipy)·0.5H2O]n (3), a one‐dimensional coordination polymer, were obtained from [Cu(CF3SO3)2(phen)(H2O)2] and 4,4′‐bipy. In 3, Cu(phen)2+ corner units are joined by 4,4′‐bipy via the two vacant cis sites to form polymeric zig‐zag chains, which are tightly packed in the crystal. Compounds 1–3 were further studied by infrared spectroscopy.
Carlism and Crisis in Spain 1931–1939
Authors: Blinkhorn Martin
Published: July 2011

This is a study in English of the Carlist Movement, the extreme right-wing party in Spain, during the climactic decade of the 1930s. Carlism represents the oldest existing movement of the traditionalist right in Europe. In 1931 Carlists had already been in conflict with Spanish liberalism and leftism for over a century, seeking to reverse the trends of the nineteenth century and restore a religiously inspired corporative monarchy and harmonious society. During the 1930s they attacked and plotted the overthrow of the democratic Second Republic, participated in the rising of 1936 and then played a major political and military role within Nationalist Spain. Dr Blinkhorn discusses Carlism's internal politics, power struggles and sources of support; its ideology; its relations with other elements in the Spanish right, principally Falangism and Catholic conservatism; its attitude towards the Republic, liberalism and the left; its view of contemporary events elsewhere in Europe; its stress on paramilitarism and conspiracy against the Republican regime; and its wartime role.
The Origin of Christology
Authors: Moule C. F. D.
Published: July 2011

This book is about the processes by which Christians of the first century came to understand Jesus as they did. Some writers represent these as 'evolutionary', as though a merely human teacher came to be thought of as a divine figure (a new species, so to speak). Professor Moule suggests that 'development' is a preferable analogy, implying not the evolution of a new species of figure, but the development of understanding of what was there in Jesus from the beginning. The author re-examines four familiar characterizations of Jesus as 'the Son of Man', 'the Son of God', 'Christ' and 'Lord'; then he considers the reflexion in the Pauline epistles of an experience of Jesus as more than individual. In his concluding chapter Professor Moule speculates, in dialogue with Dr Haddon Willmer, about the implications of his findings for Christian doctrine. The book, which earned for the author the Collins Biennial Religious Book Award in 1977, embodies his 1974 Moorhouse Lectures in Melbourne, Australia. It was first published in June 1977.
A Handbook to the Geology of Cambridgeshire
Authors: Reed Frederick Richard Cowper
Published: July 2011

Beneath Cambridgeshire's towns, villages, farmland, hills, fens and waterways lie the rocks that display a variety of geological landscapes. Basement rocks are buried under sandy deposits from ancient tropical seas. The rising and tilting of the land due to large-scale movements permitted water flows that produced gradual alterations. Glaciation, erosion and dramatic variations in climate all wrought more rapid changes. The consequences of these processes are revealed in this scholarly 1897 account of the geology of Cambridgeshire, which integrated the latest research then available. Proceeding from the most ancient to the most recent beds, systematic consideration is given to the features, distribution and modes of formation, as well as the economic implications of the various strata. Discussions of palaeontology, including detailed lists of site-specific fossils, and of water supply are also provided. An appendix, lists, maps, memoirs and other publications of H.M. Geological Survey from 1814 to 1897 are included.
Electrical Researches of Henry Cavendish
Authors: Cavendish Henry
Published: July 2011

Henry Cavendish (1731–1810), the grandson of the second duke of Devonshire, wrote papers on electrical topics for the Royal Society, but the majority of his electrical experiments did not become known until they were collected and published by James Clerk Maxwell a century later, in 1879, long after other scientists had been credited with the same results. Among Cavendish's discoveries were the concept of electric potential, which he called the 'degree of electrification'; an early unit of capacitance, that of a sphere one inch in diameter; the formula for the capacitance of a plate capacitor; the concept of the dielectric constant of a material; the relationship between electric potential and current, now called Ohm's Law; laws for the division of current in parallel circuits, now attributed to Charles Wheatstone; and the inverse square law of variation of electric force with distance, now called Coulomb's Law.
The Constitution Violated
Authors: Butler Josephine
Published: July 2011

Josephine Elizabeth Butler (1828–1906) was a prominent English feminist who was best known for her controversial campaigns concerning the welfare and civil rights of prostitutes. In 1869 she became the leader of the campaign to limit the extension of the Contagious Diseases Acts. These Acts aimed to control the spread of venereal diseases in the armed forces through mandatory internal examinations and imprisonment for women accused of prostitution. Butler's campaign was instrumental in having the Acts repealed in 1886. In this volume of 1871, Butler denounces the Acts for denying accused women their civil rights, and discusses how repeal, together with universal suffrage and constitutional reform, would prevent this situation from recurring. Butler was one of the first feminists to frame her arguments explicitly through female experiences, and this volume illustrates her approach. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=butljo
A Garden Diary
Authors: Lawless Emily
Published: July 2011

Emily Lawless (1845–1913) was a novelist and a prominent figure in the political circles of nineteenth-century Ireland. Although her grandfather had been an Irish patriot with United Irishmen sympathies, Lawless herself remained emphatically opposed to Home Rule. Her novels often explored Ireland's troubled past and present: her first success was Hurrish (1886) which was set in Galway during the Land League campaigns and was dedicated to her friend Margaret Oliphant. Although Lawless enjoyed literary success, her personal life was marked by tragedy: her father and two of her sisters committed suicide. Despite her great love for Ireland, Lawless eventually became disillusioned with its politics and moved to England. In this work, Lawless intersperses an account of a year spent tending to her garden in Surrey, with autobiographical and philosophical ruminations. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=lawlem
Roubiliac's Work at Trinity College Cambridge
Authors: Esdaile Katherine Ada McDowall
Published: July 2011

First published in 1924, Katherine A. Esdaile's study of Roubiliac (1702–1762) provides a fascinating insight into the work of this great late-baroque sculptor, who was born in France but spent most of his working life in England. The Introduction outlines the history behind the world-renowned collection at Trinity College, Cambridge, describing Roubiliac's distinctive 'vivid and intense' style. Esdaile tells of the sculptor's passion for perfection and his habit of sacrificing sleep for art. Twenty illustrations of Roubiliac's work are reproduced – including the busts of Isaac Newton, Francis Bacon and Francis Willoughby – and each is accompanied by detailed notes on the provenance of the work and special points of note. Enlightening and informative, this short book still fulfils the author's aim for the reader to find 'a new source of artistic pleasure, a new interest in the glories of Cambridge'.
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Manuscripts in the Library of Gonville and Caius College
Authors: James Montague Rhodes
Published: July 2011

M. R. James (1862–1936) is probably best remembered as a writer of chilling ghost stories, but he was an outstanding scholar of medieval literature and palaeography, who served both as Provost of King's College, Cambridge, and as Director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, and many of his stories reflect his academic background. His detailed descriptive catalogues of manuscripts owned by colleges, cathedrals and museums are still of value to scholars today. James' catalogue of the extensive manuscript holdings of Gonville and Caius College was first published in two volumes in 1907-8, and a supplement appeared in 1914. Now reissued in two volumes, it will be welcomed by librarians and researchers alike.
Travels and Discoveries in the Levant
Authors: Newton Charles Thomas
Published: July 2011

C. T. Newton (1816–1894) was a British archaeologist whose great interest was in Greek and Roman artefacts. He studied at Christ Church, Oxford, before joining the British Museum as an assistant in the Antiquities Department. Newton left the Museum in 1852 to explore the coasts and islands of Asia Minor, returning in 1861 as Keeper of the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities. First published in 1865, these volumes contain an account of his travels and archaeological investigations around the Aegean and the coast of Turkey between 1852 and 1859. Using a series of letters written during his travels, Newton describes his archaeological discoveries together with valuable observations on contemporary Greek and Turkish culture. He also provides an account of his excavation of the tomb of Mausolus of Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. Volume 2 describes his discovery and excavation of this legendary building.
The Midnight Sky
Authors: Dunkin Edwin
Published: July 2011

When Edwin Dunkin (1821–1898) published this book in 1869, it was received with widespread acclaim by both professional astronomers and the reading public. Dunkin, a distinguished astronomer who published widely in academic journals and later served in the prestigious roles of Deputy Astronomer Royal (1881–1884) and President of the Royal Astronomical Society (1880), is still best known for this work of popular astronomy that has functioned as an indispensable tool for generations of amateurs. Chapter 1 derives from Dunkin's famous 'The Midnight Sky at London' articles, previously published in Leisure Hour, which describe the London midnight sky during each month of the year. Other chapters cover the Southern Hemisphere, the constellations, the properties of fixed stars, the solar system, and meteors and shooting stars. The volume is well illustrated with star maps and engravings. It is a classic work of popular nineteenth-century astronomical writing.
Antiquités Celtiques et Antédiluviennes
Authors: Boucher de Perthes Jacques
Published: July 2011

Amateur geologist and archaeologist, Boucher de Perthes (1788–1868) was the first to establish the existence of man in Europe in the Pleistocene period. Although his three-volume work resulted from over ten years of excavations in the gravel pits of the Somme Valley, Boucher de Perthes' assertions were doubted by contemporaries. His conclusion was based on the simultaneous discovery of flint tools and human remains. These doubts appeared justified when a human jaw uncovered during one of his excavations turned out to be a hoax. De Perthes' findings later received support from the British Royal Society, sparking an explosion of scientific research on evolution. De Perthes was elected an officer of the Légion d'Honneur, and served as President of the Société d'Emulation d'Abbeville (Competitiveness Society) for seventeen years. Volume 1 reports the findings of excavations from 1837 to 1846. Published in Paris in 1847, it includes 80 illustrative plates.
The Christian Ecclesia
Authors: Hort Fenton John Anthony
Published: July 2011

This is one of the best-known works of Fenton Hort (1828–1892), Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. Compiled in 1897, it is a posthumous record of a series of lectures delivered by Hort in 1888 and 1889, covering the origins and development of the early Church. Starting with a discussion on the meaning of 'ecclesia', Hort traces church history from the New Testament accounts of the Last Supper and the Resurrection to the problems Christianity faced in the second century. Hort conveys his meaning with absolute clarity, taking a scrupulous, almost scientific approach in his consideration of literary evidence. Four of his sermons are also included, and the book itself stands as a record of the last words spoken in public by Hort. The Christian Ecclesia provides a fascinating account of the beginnings of Christianity and is one of the most significant works by this prolific nineteenth-century theologian.
Specimens of Hausa Literature
Authors: Robinson Charles Henry
Published: July 2011

Hausa is an African language originating in Niger and northern Nigeria and spoken widely in West and Central Africa as a trading language. This anthology of Hausa texts (mainly Islamic religious verse and historical narratives) was the first publication supported by the short-lived Hausa Association, formed in 1891 to promote the study of the Hausa language and people. Under its aegis the Reverend C. H. Robinson went on to produce a Hausa Grammar in 1897 and a Dictionary in 1899, making great advances in Western knowledge of the language, despite the fact that some in the field criticised him for his relatively short exposure to Hausa-speaking countries. With facsimile reproductions of the manuscripts at actual size, the texts collected in this book were the first published specimens of Hausa writing. Each text is transcribed into in roman script and an English translation is given on facing pages.
Five Months on the Yang-Tsze
Authors: Blakiston Thomas Wright
Published: July 2011

Thomas Wright Blakiston (1832–1891) was an army officer, explorer and naturalist who served with the British forces in Ireland, Nova Scotia and the Crimea before being posted to Canton during the second Opium War in 1859. While in Canton, Blakiston organised an expedition up the Yangtsze river and Five Months on the Yang-tsze (1862) is his account of his experiences navigating 'one of the greatest rivers in the world a distance of eighteen hundred miles'. Despite the region being subject to extensive insurgency, Blakiston was able to travel 900 miles further up the river than any European before him except Jesuits wearing local attire. His narrative, divided into nineteen chapters with illustrations by Alfred Barton, contains many observations relating to the politically volatile situation in China as well as descriptions of the local landscape, flora and fauna. It remained the standard account of the region for fifty years.
Telescopic Work for Starlight Evenings
Authors: Denning William Frederick
Published: July 2011

William F. Denning (1848–1931) was a British astronomer famous for his planetary observations and meteor studies. Elected president of the Liverpool Astronomical Society in 1887, he wrote a series of articles on telescopes for the society's journal, which were brought together and republished in 1891 under the title Telescopic Work for Starlight Evenings. Intended as a contribution to popular astronomy, this book provides a varied introduction to telescopes and their usage. The opening essay traces the development of the telescope from antiquity, through Galileo and Newton's contributions in the seventeenth century, to contemporary progress in astronomy. Other chapters provide practical advice for conducting planetary observation and detailed studies of particular planets, as well as facts and figures about meteors and how to compute their orbit. This book provides a fascinating insight into the evolution of astronomy and will be a valuable resource for historians of science and amateur astronomers.
The System of the Stars
Authors: Clerke Agnes Mary
Published: July 2011

Agnes Mary Clerke (1842–1907) published The System of the Stars in 1890 when she was a well-established popular science writer. The volume was intended to bring the educated public up to date with the progress made during the nineteenth century in the field of sidereal astronomy. The work was one of the first publications to be illustrated with astrophotography: it contains five astronomical photographs of nebulae. Such photographs had significant impact on the reception and popular acceptance of astrophotography as scientific data. In The System of the Stars, Clerke used the photographs to argue that the natural beauty and symmetry of the universe, displayed by astrophotography, proved the existence of a creator. The work is an important piece of popular Victorian scientific literature, and remains significant today in the context of the nineteenth-century intellectual debates on the relationship between the sciences and religious belief.
History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages
Authors: Gregorovius Ferdinand
Published: July 2011

Ferdinand Gregorovius (1821–1891) was a celebrated German medieval historian. After studying philosophy and theology at the University of Königsberg, Gregorovius moved to Rome in 1852, and became immersed in researching the medieval history of the city. First published in 1872, his monumental study of medieval Rome was the first modern account of the subject, and became the standard reference. This English translation of the fourth German edition appeared between 1894 and 1902. In his work Gregorovius discusses the political, social and cultural changes in the city from 400 to 1534, making extensive use of primary sources. Gregorovius also includes the Renaissance in his study, showing how medieval thought and events influenced political and cultural life and thought during the Renaissance. Volume 2 covers the period 568–800, analysing the weakening of Byzantine authority in Rome and the political events surrounding the coronation of Charlemagne.
History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages
Authors: Gregorovius Ferdinand
Published: July 2011

Ferdinand Gregorovius (1821–1891) was a celebrated German medieval historian. After studying philosophy and theology at the University of Königsberg, Gregorovius moved to Rome in 1852, and became immersed in researching the medieval history of the city. First published in 1872, his monumental study of medieval Rome was the first modern account of the subject, and became the standard reference. This English translation of the fourth German edition appeared between 1894 and 1902. In his work Gregorovius discusses the political, social and cultural changes in the city from 400 to 1534, making extensive use of primary sources. Gregorovius also includes the Renaissance in his study, showing how medieval thought and events influenced political and cultural life and thought during the Renaissance. Volume 3 covers the period 800–1000 including the decline of the Holy Roman Empire and the weakening of the Papacy in the tenth century.
Bibliopegia
Authors: Hannett John
Published: July 2011

John Andrews Annett was the pseudonym of John Hannett, a printer and a pioneer in the study of modern and historical bookbinding methods. Bibliopegia, or the Art of Bookbinding, first published in 1835 and enlarged the following year, was frequently republished and revised, and remains an important work on the subject. The author claims that it is the first practical manual on bookbinding to be published in England, derived from his own professional expertise and from recent French works on the topic. He explains every aspect of the process, from the folding of the sheets of paper and sewing, to the final finishing. He also discusses the various tools and machines in use, and provides a glossary of technical terms. This book is still a very valuable one for bookbinders and conservators, providing information on dyes and chemicals used in the 1830s as well as sewing and binding techniques.
Plants of New South Wales
Authors: Müller Ferdinand von
Published: July 2011

Sir Ferdinand von Müller (1825–1896) was a botanist renowned for his research on the native plants of Australia. After emigrating from Germany in 1847, he was appointed Government Botanist of Victoria in 1853 and subsequently Director of the Royal Botanic Garden, Melbourne, which post he held until 1873. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1861 and was knighted in 1879 for his services to Australian botany. This volume, first published in 1885, contains Müller's botanical survey of the plants found in the Australian state of New South Wales. Including an introduction by prominent Australian botanist William Woolls (1814–1893), the survey divides the flora into scientific orders, with short descriptions of genera and species. Both native and introduced plants are included in the survey. This volume offers valuable insights into the composition of Australian flora at the time of publication.
Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon
Authors: Layard Austen Henry
Published: July 2011

Sir Austen Henry Layard (1817–1894) was one of the leading British archaeologists of the nineteenth century. His excavations provided important evidence about ancient Mesopotamia, particularly about the Assyrian civilisation, and his books - part travel writing, part specialised archaeological studies - are beautifully evocative. First published in 1853, this two-volume study follows the earlier Nineveh and its Remains (1849). It describes Layard's second expedition to the Near East, in 1845, which led to the identification of Kouyunjik as the great Assyrian capital Nineveh. In this richly illustrated book, Layard focuses on the description and interpretation of ruins, as he tells of the discovery of the lost palace of the Assyrian king Sennacherib (eighth century BCE) in northern Iraq. Volume 1 is an account of the excavations at Kouyunjik, and also describes a journey along the Khabur river in Syria, where Layard assesses the influence of Assyrian art on the region.
Principles of Geometry
Authors: Baker H. F.
Published: July 2011

Henry Frederick Baker (1866–1956) was a renowned British mathematician specialising in algebraic geometry. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1898 and appointed the Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry in the University of Cambridge in 1914. First published between 1922 and 1925, the six-volume Principles of Geometry was a synthesis of Baker's lecture series on geometry and was the first British work on geometry to use axiomatic methods without the use of co-ordinates. The first four volumes describe the projective geometry of space of between two and five dimensions, with the last two volumes reflecting Baker's later research interests in the birational theory of surfaces. The work as a whole provides a detailed insight into the geometry which was developing at the time of publication. This, the third volume, describes the principal configurations of space of three dimensions.
Reflections upon the Education of Children in Charity Schools
Authors: Trimmer Sarah
Published: July 2011

Sarah Trimmer was an experienced Sunday and charity school educator, remembered for her popularization of images and fables in children's textbooks. Trimmer's ideas were already well respected during her lifetime and many of her books saw multiple editions, eliciting the interest of such figures as Queen Charlotte and the Dowager Countess Spencer. Her Reflections upon the Education of Children in Charity Schools, first published in 1792, was one of several books she wrote to advise her readers on how to approach the Christian education of the poor. In it, Trimmer passionately advocated for the utility of charity schools, provided that they followed a more age-appropriate and critical curriculum, which she conveniently published as separate editions. Those interested in the history of education, social history, the Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge, or the changing voice of female authorship will benefit from this book.
Letters for Literary Ladies
Authors: Edgeworth Maria
Published: July 2011

One of the foremost authors of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Maria Edgeworth (1768–1849) made the project of women's education the pillar of her career. Letters for Literary Ladies (1795), her first published work, takes up this question in earnest, offering a staunch defence of women's intellectual training and an impassioned warning against its neglect. The first two letters likely draw from an exchange between Richard Edgeworth, Maria's father, and his friend Thomas Day, presenting arguments for and against educating young women in the sciences and philosophy. The 'Letters of Julia and Caroline' illustrate this debate in epistolary form, dramatising both sides of the argument. The final 'Essay on the Noble Science of Self-Justification' serves as a wry critique of women's own self-deceptions. Complex and provocative, Letters for Literary Ladies demonstrates Edgeworth's early exploration of the subject that would define her career.
Memoirs of the Court of Queen Elizabeth
Authors: Aikin Lucy
Published: July 2011

Lucy Aikin (1791–1864) was a prolific writer of educational and historical works. She was a highly educated woman, influenced by her aunt, the educationalist and writer Anna Laetitia Barbauld. First published in 1818 and subsequently reprinted, Memoirs of the Court of Queen Elizabeth focuses on the art, literature, manners and morals of the period, with brief biographies of important individuals. Drawing on published sources rather than archival material, it is a clear and readable narrative that reveals the author's critical insight. This social and personal rather than political approach to history was shared by many nineteenth-century women writers, who stressed the role of women in history, rather than relegating them to the sidelines as most male historians did. Volume 2 covers the period from 1571 to Elizabeth's death in 1603. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=aikilu
The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria
Authors: Dennis George
Published: July 2011

George Dennis (1814–1898) was a British antiquarian who was the first modern investigator of ancient Etruria and Etruscan archaeological remains. After visiting Etruria several times between 1842 and 1847, Dennis entered the diplomatic service, becoming pro–consul to Sicily in 1863. These volumes, first published in 1848, are the result of his travels in Etruria and contain the first scholarly account of Etruscan archaeological sites. Originally written as a guide for tourists who wished to see ancient sites beyond the familiar Roman remains, the book describes the antiquities in each Etruscan city in great detail, with major centres such as Veii having a section each for the city and cemetery remains. Illustrated with images of antiquities, architectural remains and plans of the larger sites, this volume provides valuable information on sites which have since been lost, destroyed or damaged. Volume 2 includes the sites of Chiusi and Perugia.
Journal of a Tour in Asia Minor
Authors: Leake William Martin
Published: July 2011

William Martin Leake (1777–1860) was a British military officer and classical scholar specialising in reconstructing the topography of ancient cities. He was a founding member of the Royal Geographical Society and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1815. After his retirement in 1815 he devoted the rest of his life to topographical and classical studies. This volume, first published in 1824, contains Leake's descriptions and reconstruction of the classical topography in a region of modern Turkey reaching from the Gulf of Izmit to the Mediterranean. Using information gained during his travels in the region between 1799 and 1800 together with ancient accounts of the area, Leake correlates existing geography and ancient ruins with classical accounts to identify ancient sites. Leake's precise observations and detailed descriptions were influential in shaping the study of classical topography and continue to provide valuable information for ancient sites of the region.
The Life of Charlotte Brontë
Authors: Gaskell Elizabeth Cleghorn
Published: July 2011

Published two years after the novelist's death, this two-volume work is the first and the best-known of the many biographies of the Brontë family. Written by the novelist Elizabeth Gaskell (1810–65), the book was instrumental in the creation of the Brontës' public image as a family set apart by literary genius and personal tragedy. Gaskell's chief source for the biography was some 350 letters between Charlotte and her friend Ellen Nussey, letters which Charlotte's husband had asked Nussey to destroy after his wife's death, fearing they would damage her reputation. Volume 1 consists of 14 chapters and covers the Brontë ancestry, Charlotte's time at school and as a governess, her juvenilia, the 'deplorable conduct' of her laudanum-addicted brother Branwell, and the publication of her poems, along with those of her sisters Anne and Emily, in the volume Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell in 1846.
Judicial Review in an Age of Moral Pluralism
Authors: Den Otter Ronald C.
Published: July 2011

Americans cannot live with judicial review, but they cannot live without it. There is something characteristically American about turning the most divisive political questions - like freedom of religion, same-sex marriage, affirmative action and abortion - into legal questions with the hope that courts can answer them. In Judicial Review in an Age of Moral Pluralism Ronald C. Den Otter addresses how judicial review can be improved to strike the appropriate balance between legislative and judicial power under conditions of moral pluralism. His defense of judicial review is predicated on the imperative of ensuring that the reasons that the state offers on behalf of its most important laws are consistent with the freedom and equality of all persons. Den Otter ties this defense to a theory of constitutional adjudication based on John Rawls's idea of public reason and argues that a law that is not sufficiently publicly justified is unconstitutional, thus addressing when courts should invalidate laws and when they should uphold them even in the midst of reasonable disagreement about the correct outcome in particular constitutional controversies.
The Israeli Supreme Court and the Human Rights Revolution
Authors: Meydani Assaf
Published: July 2011

This book explains the reciprocal relations between the Supreme Court and the Israeli political system. It is based on a unique approach that contends that the non-governability of the political system and an alternative political culture are two key formal and informal variables affecting the behavior of several political players within the Israeli arena. The analysis illustrates the usefulness of such a model for analyzing long-term socio-political processes and explaining the actions of the players. Until this model changes significantly, the decisions of the High Court of Justice express the values of the state and enable Israel to remain a nation that upholds human rights. The Court's decisions determine the normative educational direction and reflect Israel's democratic character with regard to the values of human rights.
Mirrors and smoke: A. V. Hill, his Brigands, and the science of anti-aircraft gunnery in World War I
Authors: Van der Kloot William
Published: July 2011

In 1916 Captain A. V. Hill was transferred from the infantry to the Ministry of Munitions to work on anti-aircraft gunnery. He determined the three-dimensional coordinates of flying objects by placing two mirrors far apart. The mirrors were viewed from a fixed distance above them and observers simultaneously marked the position of the object. He gathered brilliant men, most too old or too young for conscription, who became known as Hill's Brigands. They determined the coordinates of the explosions of shots fired with different fuse settings and fitted them with the ballistic equations to construct accurate gunnery tables. They solved the puzzle of erratic fuse timing at high altitudes. They developed apparatus to locate aircraft by sound. Travelling groups of Brigands worked with anti-aircraft gunners, which Hill regarded as the dawn of operations research. Hill was as adept at leading scientists as he was at doing science.
Rituximab for childhood refractory nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Iijima Kazumoto
Published: July 2011

Several therapies including immunosuppressive agents have been shown to be effective and safe for frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome/steroid‐dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRNS/SDNS) and steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. It is evident, however, that a substantial number of children are still refractory to treatment despite these therapies. Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody, which inhibits CD20‐mediated B‐cell proliferation and differentiation. It was first introduced for the treatment of B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma and was subsequently administered to patients with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, or immunocomplex glomerulonephritis. Recently, a number of case reports and non‐controlled clinical trials have suggested that rituximab may be effective for children with refractory nephrotic syndrome. Controlled prospective trials, however, are required to establish the value of rituximab in refractory nephrotic syndrome. The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in childhood‐onset refractory nephrotic syndrome. The Research Group of Childhood‐onset Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome (RCRNS) conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multi‐center clinical trial (RCRNS‐01) and an open‐label, multi‐center, pharmacokinetic clinical trial (RCRNS‐02). These two trials were investigator‐initiated, registration‐directed clinical trials designed to apply Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare approval for the use of rituximab for childhood‐onset refractory FRNS/SDNS in Japan. RCRNS‐01 could be the first study to clarify whether rituximab is effective and safe for childhood‐onset refractory FRNS/SDNS.
Pathway Analysis of Acinetobacter baylyi: A Combined Bioinformatic and Genomics Approach
Authors: Singh Shailza , Joshi Priyanka , Chopade Balu A.
Published: July 2011

Acinetobacter spp., source of numerous nosocomial infections, deserves a close attention as various multidrug resistance strains are being discovered worldwide. Acinetobacter baylyi is chosen because of its high competence for natural transformation, and its ability to undergo direct homology‐based recombination. An in silico comparative analysis of the metabolic pathways of the host Homo sapiens and the pathogen Acinetobacter baylyi was performed by using BLASTp search. This search is against the non‐redundant database restricted to the Homo sapiens subset. Sixteen unique pathways identified enlisted a total of 183 drug targets of which 31 belong to the metabolic pathways unique to pathogen having no human homolog. Of these potential drug targets enlisted, RmlA enzyme (d‐glucose‐1 phosphate thymidylyltransferase) is the first enzyme in the polyketide sugar unit synthesis metabolic pathway, which leads to the formation of l‐rhamnose. In gram‐negative bacteria, l‐rhamnose is one of the important residues of the O‐antigen of lipopolysaccharide, a key determinant factor for the virulence of these species. Moreover, these proteins are highly conserved among microorganisms, and therefore, conclusions drawn from the structure of a protein from one species will have strong implications for the corresponding enzyme structure of another origin. Homology modeling of RmlA was performed by MODELLER and the PMDB ID obtained is PM0076419. Further, molecular docking studies were performed for RmlA, which might aid drug design for nosocomial infections.
Radiation efficiency of a guitar top plate linked with edge or corner modes and intercell cancellation
Authors: Torres Jesús Alejandro , Boullosa Ricardo R.
Published: July 2011

This paper was based on a theoretical framework to determine strong and weak radiation by a guitar top plate, vibrating through deflections hard to analyze: multipolar mode shapes. The air–structure interaction was examined in terms of edge modes or corner modes, and considering even or odd number modes. A numerical model was implemented and experimentally calibrated, exhibiting several advantages exploring the coupling between vibratory and acoustic waves in a top plate. Two analyses were applied detecting high or low radiation efficiency for the structure. First, the addition of volume velocity for odd numbers of poles and cancellation for even numbers were examined. In fact, both behaviors can happen at the same time, as it was shown for a corner radiator case used as an example. Second, the ratio between bending and acoustic wavenumbers was explored. To illustrate the importance of this ratio, some theoretical features of a more efficient radiator than the corner mode were exposed in an edge mode example. Labeling multipolar mode shapes as efficient or inefficient radiators showed to be a useful alternative analyzing the top plate behavior. It can be applied knowing the nodal lines of the vibration pattern and estimating the bending and acoustic wavelengths.