bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência da frutosemia crônica sobre parâmetros de crescimento e desenvolvimento, maternos, fetais, bioquímicos e estresse oxidativo de ratas wistar
Authors: Zin Luana , Tonello Ana , Silvane Souza  , Cichota Luiz Carlos , Amaral Alexandre Umpierrez , Denti Irany Achiles
Published: October 2021

Neste estudo objetivamos descrever os efeitos da administração crônica de frutose sobre parâmetros gestacionais, crescimento e desenvolvimento, bioquímicos e estresse oxidativo  de ratas Wistar. Trata-se de um experimento onde foram utilizadas duas gerações de ratas (Rattus norvegicus) da linhagem Wistar prenhas, provenientes do Biotério da URI distribuídas nos grupos controle (6 animais) e tratado (24 animais). Após a constatação da prenhes os animais foram separados em grupos, tratados com ração contendo frutose nas concentrações (65,40,30 e 20%) da ração diária contendo frutose e as do grupo controle recebeu ração normal. Os resultados mostraram alterações no peso ao desmame da primeira geração, no número e no peso dos fetos da segunda geração, comparados aos controles. Testes bioquímicos mostraram alterações estatisticamente significativas na ureia, creatinina, colesterol total, triglicerídeos e glicemia. A enzima Aspartato Amino Transferase (AST) e Alanina Amino Trasnferase (ALT) mostraram alterações para os grupos 65 e 20%. No tecido hepático a concentrações do ácido tiobarbitúrico (TABRS) mostrou alterações para os grupos 40 e 20%; sulfidrilas paro o grupo 20%; atividade da Glutationa Oxidada (GSH) para os grupos 40 e 30% e Catalase (CAT) para o grupo 30%. Os mesmos marcadores mostraram alterações para TBARS e sulfidrilas para o grupo 20%; GSH para o gruo 30%; Superóxido Dismutase (SOD) para o grupo 65% e CAT nos grupos 30 e 20%, no tecido renal, comparados ao grupo controle. Os dados são consistentes e evidenciam o envolvimento da frutose na redução da fecundidade, na gênese de distúrbios do metabolismo lipídico, glicêmico, da função hepática, renal e indução do estresse oxidativo. O estudo aponta para a vulnerabilidade do período gestacional relativo a ingestão de dietas ricas em frutose e a redução do consumo seria promissora para a prevenção do baixo peso ao nascer, dos distúrbios devidas ao metabolismo hepático, renal, lipídico, glicêmico e de estresse oxidativo.
Cognitive Principles of Information Coverage in Literary Texts in English and Uzbek
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, National Institute of Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzod of the Academy of Arts of Uzbekistan, Tairova Feruza Fayzullaevna
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the cognitive principles of information coverage in literary texts in English and Uzbek. A literary text, resulting from a combination of such texts and artistic activities that form an artistic discourse can be fully described in the form of a certain structured space of a number of artistic images. These images are formed in the consciousness of the author and the reader, as participants in artistic communication, peculiar linguistic forms of existence of aesthetic-artistic concepts, they can be characterized as a unit used to teach linguo-cognitive analysis of the proposed artistic discourse. Within the framework of psycholinguistics, the mechanisms of perception and generation of speech were investigated, as well as the mechanisms of studying language as a system of signs that is preserved in human consciousness.
Collaborative Strategies for Teacher-Led Professional Development among Teachers of English
Authors:   Simiyu, Simiyu Irene
Published: October 2021

This article reports on an action research study that involved teachers of English leading their own professional development, while establishing the collaborative strategies that they can use to do this. Teachers collaborating in professional development is a departure from the traditional modes where teachers are taken through presentations that are meant to equip them with what facilitators feel they need to know about classroom practices. In this study, the teachers identified their individual challenges with practice and then worked in collaboration with a colleague to overcome them. This was done through the use of a number of collaborative strategies that find support in research studies on teacher learning. The findings bring out practical collaborative strategies that can improve the classroom practices of teachers as well as their collegial relationships.
Cost accounting: A tool for the management decision making process in Nigeria
Authors: Paul Olanitori Idowu , Veronica Fadakinte Bukola , Lawrence Olemija Temidayo
Published: October 2021

The study, cost accounting, as a tool for management decision making process is targeted at exploring the various ways which cost accounting information could help the management of enterprises especially manufacturing and processing companies in the formation of polices and making of sound and reliable decisions. In order that this purpose could be proven, the researcher formulated various relevant research questions and also two major hypotheses were also formulated. Interview was conducted with the aid of instrument known as questionnaires which were administered to the staff of Tisco’s Pharmaceutical. Chi-square (X2) method was used for testing the hypotheses under the research. Findings exposed that cost accounting is an aid to management decision making. Also, to be clear of every sentiment, relevant literatures complied in authorities in the relevant fields were reviewed. The opinion of authorities was not different, showing that costing information is necessary for fixing selling price, valuation of inventory, inventory control, labour remuneration, waste reduction, capacity utilization, cost control ascertainment of profitability. Thus, the study proves that cost accounting is a tool for management decision making process in any organisation either in public and private sector.
Keteladanan Guru Akidah Akhlak Dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa Mts Swasta Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura
Authors: Hasibuan Marhan
Published: October 2021

Identification of the problems found at the research location, namely: 1. Students are less active in participating in Akidah Akhlak lessons in the form of active discussions, actively asking or answering questions, actively giving opinions regarding the implementation of learning and teaching activities carried out online or online. 2. Students lack interest in learning in the subjects of Akidah Akhlak so that students do not understand the material of student moral development. 3. Teachers in the field of Akidah Akhlak have not implemented innovative and creative learning strategies in classroom teaching activities so that students are not actively involved in learning activities. The type of research used in this research is Classroom Research (Elfanany, 2014) with a field approach (field research), namely the researcher tries to maximally reveal facts, qualitative research is carried out. natural and man-made phenomena (Moleong, 2010). The subjects in this study were the head of the Madrasah, teachers of Akidah Akhlak studies, school operational staff and students. The sources of data in the implementation of this research are the head of the Madrasa as the subject as well as the object of research and the teacher of Akidah Akhlak in MTs. Private Jam'iyah Tanjung Pura. Data analysis techniques: 1) observation, 2) interviews, and 3) documentation. Test the validity of the data in this study using a credibility test conducted by triangulation. The results of the study show: (1) Learning and teaching activities in the field of Akidah Akhlak study class VII private MTs Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura have been running effectively and efficiently. Although learning and teaching activities are carried out with strict attention to health protocols, learning is still carried out online (in the network) and offline (outside the network), (2) the example of teachers in the field of Akidah Akhlak studies has played a very important role in carrying out the learning system, especially in shaping character. student learning grade VII MTs. Private Jam'iyah Mahmudiyah Tanjung Pura, (3) The process of character building for grade VII students of Private Jam'iyah MTs Tanjung Pura has been running effectively and efficiently, as evidenced by the results of observations at the research location and the results of interviews with informants that the example of a teacher of Akidah Akhlak can shape character. student learning, especially in the field of study of Akidah Akhlak.
Penerapan Metode Wahdah Dalam Meningkatkan Hafalan Al-Qur’an Siswi Asrama Tahfidz MAN 2 Langkat
Authors: Al Qadri Muammar , Ilhamsyah Avif
Published: October 2021

The Wahdah method is a method of memorizing the Qur'an by reciting one by one the verses that will be memorized repeatedly. Not a few of the students complained about the difficulty of memorizing the Qur'an, it was due to the large number of students who did not know about the methods that could be used in memorizing the Qur'an. In order to memorize the Qur'an becomes lighter, of course as a student must understand the methods that can be applied in memorizing. This research is a qualitative descriptive study which was carried out on the Tahfidz Dormitory students of MAN 2 Langkat. The sources of research data in this study are the results of observations, documentation and interviews with research informants. The findings of this study indicate that the majority of students apply the wahdah method in improving their memorization. Many students do not know the name of the method they use in memorizing the Qur'an, through this interview they reveal their way of memorizing after which the researcher concludes. The students apply this method because they find it easy with the method it uses. The application of the Wahdah Method in the Tahfidz Dormitory of MAN 2 Langkat greatly affects the memorization of the Qur'an of the Tahfidz Dormitory students. The implementation of the wahdah method begins with improving the reading, then after the reading is good enough, it is continued by memorizing one verse by one until it reaches one page. After that the memorization is deposited to the supervisor or teacher. The memorization of the Qur'an of the Tahfidz Dormitory MAN 2 Langkat students increased after the use of the wahdah method. Students find it easier to memorize the Qur'an..
Pengaruh Honor terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di YPI Al Amanah Cibinong - Bogor
Authors: Aliyudin Muhammad , Junaedi Dedi , Prasetyo Agung
Published: October 2021

The background of this research is that there are still teachers who show low performance. The problems that have been identified include teacher honorarium allowances. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine the effect of teacher honorarium allowances on improving teacher performance at the Al Amanah Islamic Education Foundation, Cibinong, Bogor. The research method used is a quantitative method. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis, quantitative analysis and hypothesis testing. The results showed Teacher honorarium allowances (variable X) have a significant contribution and have a very high effect and the direction of a positive relationship to the variable increasing teacher performance at the Al Amanah Education Foundation, Cibinong, Bogor is 74.5% and 25.5% increase in teacher performance is influenced by other factors.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan Anak di Era Covid- 19
Authors: Rukiat Rukiat , Nurmionawati Nurminawati
Published: October 2021

This study aims to find out how the role of parents in children's education in the Covid-19 era, explain the various barriers to online learning, and explain the various efforts of parents to overcome obstacles to online learning at home, given the importance of children's education in the Covid-19 era. produced a generation of ulil albab in the village of Sukajadi rt 03. In this study, the researcher tried to find out what roles parents had to play, the obstacles and also the efforts that needed to be made in the online learning process in the village of Sukajadi rt 03. Hope this research provides inspiration for other parents, or for researchers and readers in general, as an additional reference that is used by the wider community.
PERAN ORANGTUA PADA KELUARGA DALAM MENCEGAH COVID 19
Authors: Asmayanti Asmayanti , Syarif Ahmad , Laelasari Eda
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the role played by parents during the pandemic in preventing the spread of covid-19 to families. The research method used is qualitative with an exploratory case study design that is used to obtain information on the role of parents in the family in preventing Covid-19 transmission. In this study, respondents were 5 families in Depok. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, respondents were given the initials R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, interviews were developed based on related literature. Respondents for this study were parents from several families. The results of this study are that there are several obstacles experienced by parents, namely disciplining family members in undergoing health protocols and increasing costs for obtaining personal hygiene tools during the Covid-19 pandemic, as for the efforts that can be made in overcoming these problems are parents as guides, educators, carers, developers and supervisors. Specifically, it shows that the role of parents in preventing Covid-19 is to maintain and ensure that all family members adopt a clean and healthy lifestyle during the Covid-19 pandemic
Hubungan Karakter Disiplin dengan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Azizah Nurmala , Ma'mun Syukron , Riyanto Riyanto
Published: October 2021

This research was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between teenagers and student morals. The type of research used in this research is (Field Research) or field research with a quantitative approach, data collection techniques, namely by questionnaires, documentation, and interviews. The sample in the study was 30 people with the Proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The data obtained were analyzed using the Product Moment correlation coefficient. Based on the results of data analysis with Product Moment correlation, the results obtained by the value of r_xy = 0.71, the value of r_xy = 0.71, whose magnitude ranges from 0.70 to 0.90 indicates that there is a positive correlation or relationship between variable X and variable Y and including at a strong or high correlation.r table at a significance level of 5% = 0.374 and a significance level of 1% = 0.478 with df = 28, this indicates that r_xy is greater than r table (rxy> r table) both at the 5% significance level (0.71> 0.374) and a significance level of 1 % (0.71> 0.478). So it can be concluded that there is a strong correlation or relationship between emotional intelligence and the learning achievement of class V MIS Mathlaul Anwar Bojonggede.
Hubungan Teori Belajar Sibernetik dengan Efektivitas Pembelajaran Aqidah Akhlaq
Authors: Rahmansyah Rahmansyah , Aidil_Nur Muhammad , Khalidin Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Cybernetic learning theory which has an average result of 51.75, median of 49, mode of 46.8, variance of 30.19 and standard deviation of 5.49, can be accepted with a significant tolerance limit. This indicates a positive and significant relationship. The effectiveness of learning aqidah morals of students at MTs IKABA Gebang has an average result of 52.7, median of 53.6, mode of 53, variance of 17.85 and standard deviation of 4.22 acceptable with a positive and significant tolerance limit. There is a positive relationship and significant on cybernetic learning theory with the effectiveness of students' aqidah morals learning at MTs IKABA Gebang with a regression line Y= 22.37 +0.61 X. There is a significant correlation between cybernetic learning theory and the effectiveness of students learning aqidah morals at MTs IKABA Gebang after the regression test with the product moment formula with a calculated result of 0.833 with a strong or high level of relationship. From the results of the research conducted by the researchers, it is known that cybernetic learning theory is well applied and able to contribute to the effectiveness of students' moral aqidah learning at MTs IKABA Gebang, for that it is hoped that teachers will be able to apply cybernetic learning theory well so that the impact on students can have a more positive effect
Penerapan Pembelajaran Tahfidzul Al-Qur’an untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Siswa di MTs Teladan Gebang
Authors: Ramayani Putri , Saleh Muhammad , Azmi Fauzan
Published: October 2021

This research is motivated by a phenomenon that occur in schools where most of the students have high intellectual intelligence and emotional intelligence but do not have good morals. Thus, through tahfidz learning, they are expected to be able to realize that spiritual intelligence is important for their morals so that they can growup to be a generation that has good potential and also good morals. Based on this background, the writer wishes to discuss it in his thesis and take the title of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve students' spiritual intelligence at MTs Exampel Gebang. This research focused on:(1) How is the concept of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve the spiritual intelligence of students at MTs Exampel Gebang? (2) How is the implementation of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve students' spiritual intelligence at MTs Exampel Gebang? (3) How is the implications of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve students' spiritual intelligence at MTs Exampel Gebang. The purposes of this researchare (1) To describe the concept of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve the spiritual intelligence of students at MTs Exampel Gebang; (2) To describe the implementation of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve students' spiritual intelligence at MTs Exampel Gebang; (3) To describe the implications of tahfidzqur'an learning to improve students' spiritual intelligence at MTs Exampel Gebang. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection technique uses observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. Check the validity of the data using extension of participation, observer perseverance, and triangulation. The results of the research are (1) The concept of tahfidzqur'an learning aims to train students to love the Qur'an and become a superior person from within themselves in the form of personality and spiritual intelligence; (2) The implementation of tahfidz learning includes arranging sincere intentions, with parental permission, diligent and patient in memorizing, leaving any immorality behind and keep away from harm. There are two methods used by the tahfidz teacher, namely the bin nadzar method and the murajaah method; (3) The implications of tahfidzqur'an learning make students have a high sense of empathy and always be grateful.
Surgical Treatment of Incompetent Perforator Veins by
Subfascial Ligation
Authors: Goud chandra shekhar
Published: October 2021

Background: Chronic venous ulceration of the leg is a common
presentation in surgical clinics. Although, the majority of ulcers
can be healed by simple compression. Some chronic ulcers with
venous competencies require correction surgeries. We in the
current study tried to study the role of Cockett and Dodd's
operation of subfascial ligation of below-knee perforator veins
in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the
Department of General Surgery, Prathima Institute of Medical
Sciences, Naganoor, Karimnagar. N=40cases of varicosities of
the lower limbs with perforatorincompetence with or without
saphenofemoral incompetence. The patients were treated with
perforator ligationalone with the Cockett and Dodd method
or in combination with the stripping procedure.
Results: The clinical classification shows C5 healed venous
ulcers and C6 active venous ulcers. 64% of cases belonged to
these two categories and no case of C1 was found in our study.
Perforator incompetence only was found in n=25 cases where
perforator ligation alone was done given in table 4. In n=15
cases, perforator ligation and stripping with or without ligation
of sphenopopliteal junction was done. The minimal mean
duration of stay was 5.5 days the maximal mean duration of
stay was 8.0 days.
Conclusion: Open subfascial perforator ligation by Cockett and
Dodd's procedure is a good procedure in the treatment of
primary varicose veins with perforator incompetence. The rates
of complications can be largely reduced by careful patient
selection and skill full operative techniques. Follow-up of
patients must be done at intervals for the development of new
incompetent perforating veins and varicosities which may lead
to the recurrence of ulcer formation.
O PAPEL DA HIDROTERAPIA EM TRATAMENTO COM IDOSOS
Authors: Gomes Soares Thayla , Brandão Amorim Patrícia
Published: October 2021

O processo de envelhecimento é responsável por alterações funcionais e motoras do corpo humano, faz parte do ciclo natural e orgânico. Objetivo: sintetizar qual a função da hidroterapia no processo de redução destes riscos, bem como na condução dos exercícios em idosos. Métodos: Fora realizada uma consulta bibliográfica no período de 1990 a 2021, usando como base de dados os sites Pubmed e Scielo, em seguida uma entrevista via Gooole forms com 10 idosos que praticam a Hidroterapia. Resultados: O envelhecimento é compreendido como um período em que o indivíduo encontra-se mais propenso a doenças e agravos, visto que suas condições fisiológicas são reduzidas com o passar dos anos. A atividade física atua como promotora na redução destes riscos. E se tratando de idosos, a hidroterapia é uma das mais indicadas atualmente, visto seus benefícios e suas características. Conclusão: a pratica de atividades físicas são responsáveis por promover a saúde e o bem estar. A hidroterapia atua como promotora da volta de equilíbrio, da marcha e dos cognitivos sensores em idosos. Atua entre as mais diversas doenças, sejam reumáticas, neurológicas ou motoras, além de reestabelecer o convívio entre os idosos.
Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea) of Northeastern and Western Mindanao, Philippines: The Potential Role of Marine Protected Areas in Maintaining Diversity and Abundance
Authors:   1 MSU Naawan Foundation for Science and Technology Development, Inc., De Guzman Asuncion , Quiñones Mariefe ,   Mindanao State University at Naawan
Published: October 2021

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are considered strategic tools in conserving biodiversity and maintaining stocks of valuable resources. We assessed sea cucumbers in five provinces in northeastern and western Mindanao to describe the state of diversity and abundance and evaluate the role of MPAs in sustaining stocks of exploited species. We identified 36 species of sea cucumbers from fishery-independent surveys on shallow reef flats and deeper reef slopes, of which 33 species (92%) belong to order Aspidochirotida and three species belong to Order Apodida. The majority are shallow-water holothurians occurring on reef flats and seagrass beds, while a few species are found along reef slopes or in fresh catches by fishers sold to local traders or processors in some sites. Nine species are considered high-value to the global trepang trade but occur at low densities, while the rest are abundant or common species with low commercial value. Species richness (S=17-30 spp.) varies across sites, but species composition similarity is relatively high (Sørensen’s SQ = 0.62-0.78). Mean population densities and variances of high-value species are significantly higher inside enforced MPAs than in non-MPA sites(t-test, p <0.05; F-test, p<0.005) across five survey sites. The abundance of high-value H. scabra in Tubajon and H. fuscogilva in Capayas Island demonstrates the critical role of MPAs in conserving biodiversity, maintaining population levels, and ensuring natural recruitment of sea cucumber resources. Urgent management measures such as formulating a national management plan, regulating harvests, and establishing no-take MPAs are recommended.
Factors Associated with Catch-up Growth in Term, Asymmetrical Small-for-Gestational Age Infants in the First Year of Life
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Sivakumar Sundar , Arunprasath Thasma Santhanakrishnan , Ramanan Padmasani Venkat
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Catch-up growth (CUG) in small-for-gestational age (SGA) infants is essential for their overall development. Knowledge about the factors influencing CUG might be critical in their effective management. Hence this study was performed with the aim of identifying factors that may influence CUG in SGA infants. Methods: Asymmetrical SGA infants born at term were included in the study as per defined criteria, and their demographic details were recorded. Anthropometric data, feeding practice details, and intercurrent illnesses data were collected on follow-up at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12–15 months of age. Catch-up growth weight was defined as improvement of weight to the normal range of -2 to +2 weight-for-age Z score (WAZ). Analysis was carried out using SPSS Expand 17 software. Chi-square test was used to find association between variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to measure effect. A P value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of 324 SGA infants born at term, 119 completed 12–15-month follow-up, of which 69.7% had achieved CUG weight. Exclusive breastfeeding >4 months, continued breastfeeding until 12–15 months, and absence of diarrheal episodes were positively associated with CUG. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, and maternal overweight/obesity were negatively associated with CUG. Maternal education status, conception age, gravida status, mode of delivery, vitamin D and iron supplementation, and intercurrent respiratory infections were not associated with CUG. On multivariate analysis, continued breastfeeding and absence of diarrheal episodes were independent factors associated with CUG. Conclusion: Breastfeeding practice, especially continued breastfeeding, and the absence of diarrheal illness are the key determinants for achieving CUG weight in term SGA infants, particularly in settings where resources are limited.
Deep Epicardial Laceration after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Fried Regev Noa , Slutsky Tzachi ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Lev-Ran Oren ,   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Ishai Yaron ,   Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, Schwarzfuchs Dan ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
Published: October 2021

Effective chest compressions have been proven to be a key element in a successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, unintended injuries have been described in the medical literature for decades, including major intrathoracic injuries. We present a case of an 80-year-old man after a successful CPR who was later diagnosed with deep epicardial laceration as a result of effective chest compressions.
Hohle Aluminiumstrukturbauteile durch Salzkerne im Druckguss
Authors: Becker Marcel
Published: October 2021

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Herstellung hohler Strukturen im Druckgießverfahren durch die Verwendung von Salzkernen. Die Herstellung der Salzkerne erfolgt hierbei aus der schmelzflüssigen Phase im Druckgießverfahren. Dadurch können bisher nicht darstellbare Strukturen im Druckgießverfahren abgebildet und Bauteile mit hoher Funktionsintegration und Gewichtsersparnis aus Leichtmetallen hergestellt werden. Unterschiedliche Salzzusammensetzungen und die Einflüsse signifikanter Prozessparameter bei der Herstellung von Salzkernen wurden untersucht. Einflüsse der Salzkerne auf das Gussgefüge der Aluminiumlegierung und die mechanischen Eigenschaften konnten nachgewiesen werden. Abschließend konnte ein Demonstrator für eine untere A-Säule entwickelt werden, die im Druckgießverfahren als Hohlprofil durch das Umgießen mit Aluminiumschmelze von Salzkernen hergestellt wurde.

Inhalt

Danksagung....................III

Kurzfassung .................. VI

Abstract ..................... IX

1 Einleitung und Motivation ....1

2 Stand der Technik.............4

2.1 Einsatz verlorener Kerne im Druckgießverfahre.......4

2.1.1 Sandkerne im Druckguss ...........................4

2.1.2...
El capital y el filosofar de las comunidades ancestrales en el siglo XXI: complejidad y dialéctica crítica en Nuestra América
Authors: Valqui Cachi Camilo , Avelino García Raúl
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo centra su análisis en el complejo filosofar de las Comunidades Ancestrales, expresión histórica concreta de la compleja vida comunitaria, de las circunstancias, historia, lenguas y culturas, particularmente de Nuestra América. Busca someter a crítica la compleja dialéctica entre el capital como sistema y las Comunidades Ancestrales del Siglo XXI, como verdaderas civilizaciones, que el colonialismo europeo y las recolonizaciones, máxime estadounidenses, no solo las sometieron, sino también las devastaron y excluyeron, vía las cruzadas civilizatorias de los violentos procesos de acumulación de capital, que desbordaron y desbordan barbarie, genocidio, terrorismo, ecocidio, extractivismos, despojos y principalmente el epistemicidio, que continúa ahora, mediante las recolonizaciones epistémicas, académicas, culturales y educativas. No obstante, estas civilizaciones ancestrales y sus complejas racionalidades resistieron y resisten hoy, imbricadas al pensamiento crítico del Siglo XXI, a la lucha de clases y a todas las batallas contra la moderna esclavitud del trabajo asalariado y contra la moderna esclavitud de la Naturaleza, emergen como alternativas radicales a la crisis y a la decadencia civilizatoria del capital. En este contexto se aborda la sabiduría de los Na Savi, de México.
The Cretaceous physiological adaptation of angiosperms to a declining pCO2: a modeling approach emulating paleo-traits
Authors: Bres Julia , Sepulchre Pierre , Viovy Nicolas , Vuichard Nicolas
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The Cretaceous evolution of angiosperm leaves towards higher vein densities enables unprecedented leaf stomatal conductance. Still, simulating and quantifying the impact of such change on plant productivity and transpiration in the specific environmental conditions of the Cretaceous remain challenging. Here, we address this issue by combining a paleo proxy-based model with a full atmosphere–vegetation model that couples stomatal conductance to carbon assimilation. Based on the fossil record, we build and evaluate three consistent proto-angiosperm vegetation parameterizations under two end-member scenarios of pCO2 (280 and 1120 ppm) for the mid-Cretaceous: a reduction of leaf hydraulic or photosynthetic capacity and a combination of both, supported by a likely coevolution of stomatal conductance and photosynthetic biochemistry. Our results suggest that decreasing leaf hydraulic and/or photosynthetic capacities always generates a reduction of transpiration that is predominantly the result of plant productivity variations modulated by light, water availability in the soil, atmospheric evaporative demand and pCO2. The high pCO2 acts as a fertilizer on plant productivity that strengthens plant transpiration and water-use efficiency. However, we show that proto-angiosperm physiology does not allow vegetation to grow under low pCO2 because of a positive feedback between leaf stomatal conductance and leaf area index. Our modeling approach stresses the need to better represent paleovegetation physiological traits. It also confirms the hypothesis of a likely evolution of angiosperms from a state of low leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic capacities at high pCO2 to a state of high leaf hydraulic and photosynthetic capacities linked to leaves with more and more veins together with a more efficient biochemistry at low pCO2.
ESD Ideas: A weak positive feedback between sea level and the planetary albedo
Authors: Marzeion Ben
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Since the planetary albedo of Earth above ocean is typically lower than above land surface, increasing sea level reduces the planetary albedo. This causes a feedback that is very weak on the global scale, but significantly positive. Its amplitude can be assumed to be higher locally and to grow with the considered timescale.
A review of last interglacial sea-level proxies in the western Atlantic and southwestern Caribbean, from Brazil to Honduras
Authors: Rubio-Sandoval Karla , Rovere Alessio , Cerrone Ciro , Stocchi Paolo , Lorscheid Thomas , Felis Thomas , Petersen Ann-Kathrin , Ryan Deirdre D.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We use a standardized template for Pleistocene sea-level
data to review last interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage 5 – MIS 5) sea-level indicators along the
coasts of the western Atlantic and southwestern Caribbean, on a transect
spanning from Brazil to Honduras and including the islands of Aruba,
Bonaire, and Curaçao. We identified six main types of sea-level
indicators (beach deposits, coral reef terraces, lagoonal deposits, marine
terraces, Ophiomorpha burrows, and tidal notches) and produced 55 standardized data
points, each constrained by one or more geochronological methods. Sea-level
indicators are well preserved along the Brazilian coasts, providing an
almost continuous north-to-south transect. However, this continuity
disappears north of the Rio Grande do Norte Brazilian state. According to
the sea-level index points (discrete past position of relative sea level in
space and time) the paleo sea-level values range from ∼ 5.6 to 20 m above sea level (a.s.l.) in the continental sector and from ∼ 2 to 10 m a.s.l. in the Caribbean islands. In this paper, we address the uncertainties
surrounding these values. From our review, we identify that the coasts of
northern Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, and Venezuela would
benefit from a renewed study of Pleistocene sea-level indicators, as it was
not possible to identify sea-level index points for the last interglacial
coastal outcrops of these countries. Future research must also be directed
at improving the chronological control at several locations, and several
sites would benefit from the re-measurement of sea-level index points using
more accurate elevation measurement techniques. The database compiled in
this study is available in spreadsheet format at the following link:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5516444 (Version 1.02; Rubio-Sandoval et al.,
2021).
The interpretation of temperature and salinity variables in numerical ocean model output and the calculation of heat fluxes and heat content
Authors: McDougall Trevor J. , Barker Paul M. , Holmes Ryan M. , Pawlowicz Rich , Griffies Stephen M. , Durack Paul J.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The international Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10)
defined the enthalpy and entropy of seawater, thus enabling the global ocean heat content to be calculated as the volume integral of the product of in situ density, ρ, and potential enthalpy, h0 (with reference sea pressure of 0 dbar). In terms of Conservative Temperature, Θ, ocean heat content is the volume integral of ρcp0Θ, where cp0 is a constant “isobaric heat capacity”. However, many ocean models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
Phase 6 (CMIP6) as well as all models that contributed to earlier phases,
such as CMIP5, CMIP3, CMIP2, and CMIP1, used EOS-80 (Equation of State – 1980) rather than the updated TEOS-10, so the question arises of how the salinity and temperature variables in these models should be physically interpreted, with a particular focus on comparison to TEOS-10-compliant observations. In this article we address how heat content, surface heat fluxes, and the meridional heat transport are best calculated using output from these models and how these quantities should be compared with those calculated from corresponding observations. We conclude that even though a model uses the EOS-80, which expects potential temperature as its input temperature, the most appropriate interpretation of the model's temperature variable is actually Conservative Temperature. This perhaps unexpected interpretation is needed to ensure that the air–sea heat flux that leaves and arrives in atmosphere and sea ice models is the same as that which arrives in and leaves the ocean model. We also show that the salinity variable carried by present TEOS-10-based
models is Preformed Salinity, while the salinity variable of EOS-80-based
models is also proportional to Preformed Salinity. These interpretations of
the salinity and temperature variables in ocean models are an update on the
comprehensive Griffies et al. (2016) paper that discusses the interpretation of many aspects of coupled Earth system models.
Nunataks as barriers to ice flow: implications for palaeo ice sheet reconstructions
Authors: Mas e Braga Martim , Selwyn Jones Richard , Newall Jennifer C. H. , Rogozhina Irina , Andersen Jane L. , Lifton Nathaniel A. , Stroeven Arjen P.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Numerical models predict that discharge from the polar ice sheets will become the largest contributor to sea-level rise over the coming centuries. However, the predicted amount of ice discharge and associated thinning depends on how well ice sheet models reproduce glaciological processes, such as ice flow in regions of large topographic relief, where ice flows around bedrock summits (i.e. nunataks) and through outlet glaciers. The ability of ice sheet models to capture long-term ice loss is best tested by comparing model simulations against geological data. A benchmark for such models is ice surface elevation change, which has been constrained empirically at nunataks and along margins of outlet glaciers using cosmogenic exposure dating. However, the usefulness of this approach in quantifying ice sheet thinning relies on how well such records represent changes in regional ice surface elevation. Here we examine how ice surface elevations respond to the presence of strong topographic relief that acts as an obstacle by modelling ice flow around and between idealised nunataks during periods of imposed ice sheet thinning. We find that, for realistic Antarctic conditions, a single nunatak can exert an impact on ice thickness over 20 km away from its summit, with its most prominent effect being a local increase (decrease) of the ice surface elevation of hundreds of metres upstream (downstream) of the obstacle. A direct consequence of this differential surface response for cosmogenic exposure dating is a delay in the time of bedrock exposure upstream relative to downstream of a nunatak summit. A nunatak elongated transversely to ice flow is able to increase ice retention and therefore impose steeper ice surface gradients, while efficient ice drainage through outlet glaciers produces gentler gradients. Such differences, however, are not typically captured by continent-wide ice sheet models due to their coarse grid resolutions. Their inability to capture site-specific surface elevation changes appears to be a key reason for the observed mismatches between the timing of ice-free conditions from cosmogenic exposure dating and model simulations. We conclude that a model grid refinement over complex topography and information about sample position relative to ice flow near the nunatak are necessary to improve data–model comparisons of ice surface elevation and therefore the ability of models to simulate ice discharge in regions of large topographic relief.
The role of sublimation as a driver of climate signals in the water isotope content of surface snow: laboratory and field experimental results
Authors: Hughes Abigail G. , Wahl Sonja , Jones Tyler R. , Zuhr Alexandra , Hörhold Maria , White James W. C. , Steen-Larsen Hans Christian
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Ice core water isotope records from Greenland and Antarctica are a valuable
proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction, yet the processes influencing the
climate signal stored in the isotopic composition of the snow are being
challenged and revisited. Apart from precipitation input, post-depositional
processes such as wind-driven redistribution and vapor–snow exchange processes at and below the surface are hypothesized to contribute to the isotope climate signal subsequently stored in the ice. Recent field studies have shown that surface snow isotopes vary between precipitation events and co-vary with vapor isotopes, which demonstrates that vapor–snow exchange is an important driving mechanism. Here we investigate how vapor–snow exchange processes influence the isotopic composition of the snowpack. Controlled laboratory experiments under forced sublimation show an increase in snow isotopic composition of up to 8 ‰ δ18O in the uppermost layer due to sublimation, with an attenuated signal down to 3 cm snow depth over the course of 4–6 d. This enrichment is accompanied by a decrease in the second-order parameter d-excess, indicating kinetic fractionation processes. Our observations confirm that sublimation alone can lead to a strong enrichment of stable water isotopes in surface snow and subsequent enrichment in the layers below. To compare laboratory experiments with realistic polar conditions, we completed four 2–3 d field experiments at the East Greenland Ice Core Project site (northeast Greenland) in summer 2019. High-resolution temporal sampling of both natural and isolated snow was conducted under clear-sky conditions and demonstrated that the snow isotopic composition changes on hourly timescales. A change of snow isotope content associated with sublimation is currently not implemented in isotope-enabled climate models and is not taken into account when interpreting ice core isotopic records. However, our results demonstrate that post-depositional processes such as sublimation contribute to the climate signal recorded in the water isotopes in surface snow, in both laboratory and field settings. This suggests that the ice core water isotope signal may effectively integrate across multiple parameters, and the ice core climate record should be interpreted as such, particularly in regions of low accumulation.
Covid-19 salgını sürecinde uzaktan eğitimde Türkçe dersine ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri
Authors: BULUT Seyfettin , SUSAR KIRMIZI Fatma
Published: October 2021

COVID-19 salgını süreciyle birlikte zorunlu olarak uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. İlkokul öğrencilerinin gelişimsel özellikleri ve okul tecrübeleri düşünüldüğünde uzaktan eğitim sürecinin incelenmesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı sınıf öğretmenlerinin COVID-19 salgını sürecinde uzaktan eğitimde Türkçe dersinde neler yaşadığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum deseni tercih edilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan dokuz soruluk açık uçlu soru formuyla toplanmıştır. Formlar dijital ortama aktarılarak gönüllü olarak katılmak isteyen ve farklı sınıf kademelerinde görev yapan öğretmenlere ulaştırılmıştır. Yapılan içerik analizi sonucunda araştırmacıların görüş birliği yüzdesi %80’in üzerinde çıkmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda uzaktan eğitimde kontrol zorluğu, hareketsizlik, eksik katılım, düşük motivasyon sorunları yaşandığı, öğrencilerin konuşmak istemedikleri ve yazma ürünü oluşturamadıkları, teknolojinin aksayan yönlerinin uzaktan eğitime zarar verdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca öğretmenler, fırsat eşitliği sağlanarak doğru etkinlik tasarımıyla yapılacak uzaktan eğitimin etkili olacağını ifade etmektedir. Edinilen sonuçlardan yola çıkılarak öğrenme eksiklerinin tamamlanacağı telafi eğitimleri ile dijital yetkinliği ve fırsat eşitliğini sağlama çalışmalarının yapılması önerilmektedir.
Conceptualisation of Critical Literacy and Argumentative Writing as an Essential Tool for the Development of Dialectic Reasoning among Students
Authors: Jimola Folasade Esther , Olaniyan Ayomiku Samuel
Published: October 2021

Critical literacy is a skill needed for academic and intellectual achievement, lifelong learning, discourse, future job prospects and other endeavours. Although it is instrumental to developing social interactions and relationships, some students cannot think critically and contribute meaningfully to spoken/written discourse because they do not possess the necessary skills and strategies. One way of developing critical literacy is through argumentative writing.  Often, some students perceive argumentative writing as a complex and complicated skill in spite of its importance to their academic and lifelong goals. This paper discusses the importance of critical literacy and explores how argumentative writing can help develop this skill to salvage this situation. The article concluded that students should be exposed to the rudiments of argumentation to become critical literates who can critically scrutinise, appraise, and interpret information for their academic development and social transformation.
CALCULATION OF EXTREME SURGES IN THE DON RIVER MOUTH IN 2013 AND 2014
Authors:   Zubov State Oceanographic Institute, FILIPPOV YU. G.
Published: October 2021

The results of model calculations of water level at the sea border of the Don River delta under extreme surges are presented. The solution method is briefly described, empirical formulas for the drag coefficient are given. The results of model simulations of water level are in agreement with observational data.
APPLICABILITY OF MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE PREDICTION OF HEAVY PRECIPITATION FOR THE PERM REGION: A CASE STUDY FOR THE SUMMER OF 2019
Authors:   Perm State University, VETROV A.L. , KOSTAREV S.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University
Published: October 2021

The multimodel ensemble technique for predicting heavy rain ( 15 mm/12 hours) in the Perm region with a lead time of 15 and 27 hours is analyzed. The quality of precipitation forecasts from GFS, GEM, ICON global hydrodynamic models and from the WRF-ARW model with 3 and 9-km grid spacing is assessed. For the summer of 2019, the GEM was found to provide the highest quality of heavy rain forecasts. The averaging over the ensemble of global models causes a sharp decrease in the number of false alarms and in the probability of detection. The scheme of global models combination consisting in the filtration of the GEM heavy rain forecasts and in the averaging of GFS, GEM, and ICON forecasts at the remaining points is developed. Application of the proposed scheme increases the reliability of short-range forecasts of heavy frontal rains in summer in the Perm region as compared to any separate model.
Walking Through a Maze: The Struggles of Accountancy Students with Online Learning in the Context of the COVID-19
Authors: Lopena Grace L. , Padilla Nenette D. , Madrigal Dennis V.
Published: October 2021

This descriptive phenomenological paper reflects the students' lived experiences metaphorically likened to 'walking through a maze,' their struggles with online learning in the context of COVID-19 construed as obstacles. Such experiences play a role in their academic successes or failures, shaped by various factors like learning environment, peers, instructors, living situations, and curriculum. Given the COVID-19 pandemic and urgency for remote learning, it becomes imperative to understand the effects of this abrupt change. Thus, this paper seeks to narrate the lived experiences of accountancy students from a higher education institution (HEI) in Bacolod City. Four participants were selected for in-depth interviews through a gatekeeper who was the Accountancy program head. Through a thematic analysis, findings revealed the students' difficulties. These struggles, however, were integral to cultivating resilience and capacity for adaptation. While the concluding outlook is perceived as positive, the need to mitigate the effects of students' negative lived experiences remains crucial.