bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroplasticity pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuro-optometric rehabilitation in ischemic stroke – a brief review
Authors: BULBOACA Adriana Elena , STANESCU Ioana , NICULA Cristina , BULBOACA Angelo
Published: April 2021

Neuroplasticity is an essential phenomenon underlying on neurorehabilitation process, by which the brain can remodel the dysfunction consequent to a lesion. Ischemic brain lesions are the most frequent brain lesions often associated with visual function disability. Experimental and clinical studies established that visual function disability can impede the neurorehabilitation therapy efficiency. Neuro-optometric therapy has been proved to significantly improve the patient outcome after brain lesions. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this process are yet to be deciphered. Current knowledge regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ischemic lesions and neuroplasticity as a reparation process offers real support to a more efficient neurorehabilitation therapy that can contribute to the improvement of life quality in stroke patients.

Keywords: neuroplasticity, neuro-optometric rehabilitation, ischemic stroke,
Modern views on the role and place of gerontological rehabilitation in the nation's health improvement system
Authors: РROKOPCHUK Yulia , VOLYANSKAYA Veronika , SERAFIMOVA Elvira , GUSHCHA Sergey , PLAKIDA Alexander
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the aging process (theory of aging, mechanism, concept of the aging process, physiological and functional changes that negatively affect the condition of a patient with a gerontological profile). Geriatric rehabilitation is discussed, including physical (professional geriatric rehabilitation based on rehabilitation centers) and mental rehabilitation. It is shown that medical and psychological rehabilitation, which includes psychocorrection and psychotherapy, is essential. The paper assesses the rehabilitation possibilities (rehabilitation algorithms involving both natural and preformed physical factors) in gerontological patients suffering from various somatic diseases

Keywords: aging, geriatric rehabilitation, medical and physical rehabilitation, medical and psychological rehabilitation,
Rehabilitation Challenges in Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies
Authors: TROFIN Dan , MATEI Daniela , STAMATE Teodor , WALTHER Bild , TROFIN Daniela Marilena
Published: April 2021

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a burdensome progressive neuromuscular disease, with a great impact upon quality of life. Unlike other types of neuromuscular dystrophies, which have onset in early childhood and severely limit the life expectancy, LGMD is usually diagnosed at young adulthood age. Since no etiological treatment is currently available, physiotherapy and generally, rehabilitation therapy, are mandatory for preserving the functional capabilities of the muscles for as long as possible. Exercise therapy, electrical stimulation or novel therapies such as exoskeleton devices aim towards alleviating the impact of disability. It is ideal that muscular dystrophy should be assessed in interdisciplinary clinics (physical therapy, neurology, cardiology, pneumology, surgery and orthopedics) for proper long-term care.
Keywords: LGMD, muscle strength, rehabilitation, quality of life,
In vivo antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of hesperidin and its cyclodextrin inclusion compounds
Authors: CORCIOVĂ Andreia , IVĂNESCU Bianca , ABABEI Daniela Carmen , BURLEC Ana Flavia , MIRCEA Cornelia , BILD Veronica
Published: April 2021

Introduction. This study aims to evaluate the antinociceptive activity on inflammatory and non-inflammatory nociception models, as well as the anti-inflammatory action of hesperidin and its inclusion compounds with beta-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. Material and method. For these experiments, we employed nociception models using thermal, chemical and pressure stimuli and an inflammation model for the evaluation of inflammatory edema by plethysmometer test. Results and discussions. The obtained results demonstrate that the HES-βCD inclusion compounds exhibited antinociceptive action predominantly on experimental non-inflammatory nociception models, while HES-HP-βCD exhibited anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities predominantly in inflammatory nociception models. Conclusions. This research may be the starting point for future studies regarding the improvement of biopharmaceutical qualities of HES by encapsulation in cyclodextrins.
Keywords: hesperidin, cyclodextrin inclusion compunds, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory activity,
Access to post-stroke physical rehabilitation after acute reperfusion therapy– the neglected link in ischemic stroke management: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: RADU Răzvan Alexandru , TERECOASĂ Elena Oana , CĂȘARU Bogdan  , ENACHE Iulian , GHIȚĂ Cristina , TIU Cristina
Published: April 2021

Background: The burden of stroke is high in Romania and data regarding access to post – stroke rehabilitation are almost non–existent. We aimed to determine the percentage of patients who benefited from post–stroke rehabilitation and to describe the most common rehabilitation settings.
Methods: A structured telephone-based questionnaire regarding access to post–stroke rehabilitation therapy and outcomes was administered to all patients with ischemic stroke who benefited from reperfusion therapy in a tertiary center in 2019.
Results: 211 stroke patients received reperfusion therapy during the studied period. Out of these, 208 patients were included in the initial analysis and 109 patients were deemed eligible for post–stroke rehabilitation therapy. 57 patients (55.8%) performed post–stroke rehabilitation. In-hospital rehabilitation was reported by 35 patients (32.1%) with a median length of hospital stay of 14 days. 28 patients (25.6%) performed home based physical therapy with a median frequency of 3 sessions per week. 12 patients (11.1%) were admitted to nursing homes. Compared to stroke patients who did not perform in–hospital rehabilitation, those who did were younger (median age 65 years vs. 73 years, p=0.01) and more likely to have moderate–severe post–stroke disability (mRS score 3 – 5 at discharge 80% vs. 59.4%, p=0.03). mRS score at discharge ≤ 2 was a significant predictor for not pursuing post-stroke rehabilitation (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Approximately 50% of the stroke patients treated with reperfusion therapies were eligible for post–stroke rehabilitation and approximately 50% of them had access to rehabilitation therapy while only 30% had access to in-hospital rehabilitation.
Keywords: Stroke rehabilitation; Eastern Europe; Romania; Rehabilitation Center; Physical Therapy,
Substantiation of the additional prescription of magnetotherapy in the complex of rehabilitation of children with concomitant diseases of the nervous system during remission of cancer
Authors: SHAPOVALOVA Наnna , SHMAKOVA Iryna , MOKIIENKO Andrii , GUSHCHA Sergey , PLAKIDA Alexander
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The increase in the number of children with oncological diseases requires development of effective methods of medical rehabilitation. Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of the use of low-frequency magnetotherapy (LFMT) in children with diseases of the nervous system, manifested in the period of remission of oncological diseases (OD) in the complex of sanatorium rehabilitation (SRR). Methods: Children with OD at the stage of rehabilitation in a sanatorium underwent a clinical examination: medical history, concomitant pathology, complaints, clinical examination, assessment of neurological status; instrumental studies: electroencephalography (EEG) - assessment of the bioelectrical activity of the brain; echoencephalography (EchoEG) - assessment of CSF dynamics; Doppler ultrasound (USDG) - assessment of cerebral circulation. For 25 children with concomitant diseases of the nervous system during the period of OD remission (17 people) and solid tumors (8 people), in addition to the general complex of SRR, magnetotherapy was prescribed for the cervical-collar zone according to the following method: magnetic induction 20 - 30 mT, exposure 10 - 15 minutes, every other day, for a course of 5 procedures. Results: The use of the therapeutic complex TFR with the additional prescription of magnetotherapy can reliably reduce childrenʹs complaints in remission of the OD for the impaired activity of the nervous system. According to the USDG indicators, statistically significant positive changes in cerebral hemodynamics were established. The results of ultrasound echoEG indicate the improvement of CSF dynamics. According to the EEG data, positive changes in the state of brain electrogenesis were established. Conclusion: The effectiveness of LFMT in children in the period of remission of oncohematological diseases with concomitant diseases of the nervous system has been substantiated.
Keywords: children, oncological diseases, sanatorium rehabilitation, low-frequency magnetic therapy,
Therapeutic plasma exchange in neuroimmune diseases. Rehabilitation in myasthenia gravis patients treated with apheresis procedures
Authors: CATANĂ Maria-Gabriela , SAVA Mihai , ROMAN-FILIP Corina
Published: April 2021

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is an extracorporeal blood purification technique which removes large molecular weight particles, like autoantibodies, from plasma. Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is a newer technique in which plasma is not entirely removed, only the antibodies, using special filters. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a well-known autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies against postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and fluctuating weakness, sometimes life-threatening. TPE is a therapeutic modality well established in MG with a positive recommendation based on strong consensus of class III evidence and in the category I of American society for apheresis. There are no adequate randomized control trial, but many cases report short-term benefit from plasma exchange in MG especially MGC. We analyzed the cases of neuroimmune disorders that were presented to our Emergency Care Unit between 2012-2020 and we concluded that good acceptance of procedure (TPE/DFPP) was observed in 72% of patients. TPE is cost-effective rapid therapy for myasthenic crisis and progressive myasthenia gravis. It reduces ICU stays and improves outcome.All in all recent studies show that the combination of rehabilitation and other forms of treatment, appropriately selected activities contribute to alleviating the symptoms of the disease, improving physical fitness, increasing muscle strength, and thus improving the quality of life. Keywords: therapeutic plasma exchange, plasmapheresis, neuroimmune disorders,rehabilitation,
Dynamic factor models
Authors: Κριμπάς Νικόλαος
Published: April 2021

Αυτή η διατριβή παρουσιάζει και συνοψίζει μια ευέλικτη και πρόσφατα αναπτυγμένη στατιστική μέθοδο για την αξιολόγηση και ανάλυση μεγάλων συνόλων δεδομένων για ανάλυση χρονοσειρών. Τα Factor Models χρησιμοποιούνται ευρέως στη μακροοικονομική για να αποκαλύψουν τις σχέσεις μεταξύ των μεταβλητών και να εκμεταλλευτούν τις πληροφορίες που είναι διασκορπισμένες σε χιλιάδες οικονομικές μεταβλητές που είναι διαθέσιμες σήμερα. Τα μοντέλα VAR χρησιμοποιούνται ευρέως στη μακροοικονομική ανάλυση και οι εκτιμώμενοι παράγοντες μπορούν να εισαχθούν στο σύστημα VAR προκειμένου να επιτευχθεί μείωση διαστάσεων και να αποφευχθεί η έλλειψη μεταβλητής μεροληψίας.Το πρώτο μέρος αυτής της διατριβής ασχολείται με μια εκτενή βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση των μοντέλων παραγόντων και την ανάπτυξή τους μέσω των παραλλαγών που έχουν παρουσιαστεί στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία. Ως εκ τούτου, αναπτύχθηκαν μοντέλα παραγόντων τόσο στο πεδίο του χρόνου όσο και στο πεδίο των συχνοτήτων, με βάση τις παραδοχές σχετικά με τη συμπεριφορά του ιδιοσυγκρατικού όρου (ακριβές και κατά προσέγγιση) και των δυναμικών παραγόντων που μπορεί να είναι στατικοί ή δυναμικοί. Επιπλέον, μια εκτεταμένη ανασκόπηση της εμπειρικής βιβλιογραφίας που χρησιμοποιεί μοντέλα Factor για την εκτίμηση της συμπεριφοράς του επιχειρηματικού κύκλου, της νομισματικής μετάδοσης, των δεικτών οικονομικής κατάστασης και των θεμάτων πρόβλεψης. Στην επόμενη ενότητα δίνεται ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις τεχνικές εκτίμησης στον τομέα χρόνου και συχνότητας μαζί με τους αλγορίθμους εκτίμησης που παρέχονται. Στην τελευταία ενότητα χρησιμοποιείται ένα μοντέλο στατικού και δυναμικού παράγοντα στις ελληνικές σειρές πληθωρισμού για την αποσύνθεση του ελληνικού πληθωρισμού σε κοινά στοιχεία. Η ανάλυση στατικών παραγόντων αποκαλύπτει τις τιμές αγαθών που παρουσιάζουν κοινή μεταβλητότητα στην ελληνική οικονομία και υποδηλώνει την ανάγκη εκτίμησης ολοκληρωμένων μέτρων πληθωρισμού που θα χρησιμοποιηθούν για διαρθρωτική ανάλυση και πρόβλεψη. Επιπλέον, χρησιμοποιείται η ανάλυση δυναμικών παραγόντων προκειμένου να αποσυντεθεί ο Ελληνικός πληθωρισμός σε διάφορους δείκτες τιμών που αντιπροσωπεύουν βασικά μακροοικονομικά σοκ στην οικονομία. Παρέχεται προσεκτική εξέταση της συσχέτισης της μεταβλητότητας του πληθωρισμού με τους εκτιμώμενους δείκτες και διεξοδική εξέταση του σχετικού βάρους των αναμενόμενων νομισματικών κρίσεων με διάφορα μέτρα της νομισματικής πολιτικής.
Η εκπαιδευτική διοίκηση στην τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Λόζγκα Ευαγγελία
Published: April 2021

To διοικητικό και ηγετικό έργο των Πρυτανικών Αρχών (Π.Α.) των ελληνικών πανεπιστημίων συνιστά ένα κρίσιμης σημασίας ζήτημα, δεδομένης της σπουδαιότητας των ίδιων των πανεπιστημίων, και ταυτόχρονα ένα επίκαιρο και δύσκολο θέμα, δεδομένων των σύγχρονων εξελίξεων που επισυμβαίνουν διεθνώς στον χώρο της ανώτατης εκπαίδευσης και της πολυπλοκότητας που χαρακτηρίζει το ίδιο το έργο αντίστοιχα. Μάλιστα, στο πλαίσιο του μεταβαλλόμενου τοπίου που έχει διαμορφωθεί για τα πανεπιστήμια υπό το φως των ραγδαίων σύγχρονων εξελίξεων, σοβαρές ενστάσεις εγείρονται για την τάση που παρατηρείται διεθνώς να ισχυροποιείται ο ρόλος των ανώτατων πανεπιστημιακών διοικούντων και να υποστηρίζεται η ανάγκη για άσκηση ισχυρής διοίκησης και ηγεσίας στα πανεπιστήμια, προκειμένου αυτά να προσαρμοστούν στα νέα δεδομένα, με τις ενστάσεις αυτές να εδράζονται στην ιδιαίτερη φύση των πανεπιστημιακών οργανώσεων, ένα ζήτημα που είναι, πάντως, ανοιχτό στο σχετικό ερευνητικό πεδίο. Παράλληλα, το έργο που επιτελεί η ηγέτιδα ομάδα των πανεπιστημίων αποτελεί μέχρι και σήμερα μια παραμελημένη θεματική, τόσο στην ελληνόγλωσση όσο και στην ξενόγλωσση βιβλιογραφία. Σκοπός, λοιπόν, της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν να διερευνηθούν, κατά το δυνατόν, πολύπτυχα και σε βάθος το ατομικό διοικητικό έργο του Πρύτανη και του Αντιπρύτανη, καθώς και το έργο που ασκούν συλλογικά ως Π.Α., όπως επίσης και τα καίρια ζητήματα που αφορούν τα υπό διερεύνηση αξιώματα (π.χ. τρόπος εκλογής, εκλέκτορες, θητεία), με στόχο παράλληλα να διαπιστωθεί εάν πράγματι η διοίκηση και η ηγεσία στα πανεπιστήμια είναι ιδιάζουσες. Για την επίτευξη του παραπάνω σκοπού διεξήχθησαν 15 συνεντεύξεις-ελίτ σε δείγμα Πρυτάνεων και Αντιπρυτάνεων που διατελούσαν στις υπό εξέταση θέσεις σε διάφορα ελληνικά πανεπιστήμια και σε διαφορετικά χρονικά διαστήματα. Η ανάλυση των ερευνητικών δεδομένων επέφερε έναν πλούτο πρωτογενών στοιχείων, που μπορούν να φανούν χρήσιμα στους ιθύνοντες της εκπαιδευτικής πολιτικής, στους μελλοντικούς ερευνητές, αλλά και σε όσους ασκούν ή επιθυμούν να ασκήσουν διοίκηση και ηγεσία στο ανώτατο επίπεδο των πανεπιστημίων. Στα γενικά συμπεράσματα στα οποία καταλήγει η παρούσα διατριβή ανήκει η ενδεχομενικότητα της άσκησης του έργου των Π.Α. και της παραγωγής αποτελεσμάτων, λόγω μιας σειράς δυναμικών παραγόντων που το επηρεάζουν, οι οποίοι εξηγούνται και απορρέουν από την ιδιαίτερη και ιδιάζουσα φύση των πανεπιστημιακών οργανώσεων.
Effectiveness of interventions to reduce adverse outcomes among older adults following emergency department discharge: Protocol for an overview of systematic reviews
Authors: Conneely Mairéad , Robinson Katie , Leahy Siobhán , Trépel Dominic , Jordan Fionnuala , Galvin Rose
Published: April 2021

Background: Older adults are frequent users of Emergency departments (ED) and this trend will continue due to population ageing and the associated increase in healthcare needs. Older adults are vulnerable to adverse outcomes following ED discharge. A number of heterogeneous interventions have been developed and implemented to improve clinical outcomes among this cohort. A growing number of systematic reviews have synthesised evidence regarding ED interventions using varying methodologies. This overview aims to synthesise the totality of evidence in order to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce adverse outcomes in older adults discharged from the ED.

Methods: To identify relevant reviews, the following databases will be searched: Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Databases of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, PubMed, MEDLINE, Epistemonikos, Ageline, Embase, PEDro, Scopus, CINAHL and the PROSPERO register. The search for grey literature will include Open Grey and Grey Literature Reports. Systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials will be analysed to assess the effect of ED interventions on clinical and process outcomes in older adults. Methodological quality of the reviews will be assessed using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool. The review will be reported in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Summary of findings will include a hierarchical rank of interventions based on estimates of effects and the quality of evidence.

Discussion: This overview is required given the number of systematic reviews published regarding the effectiveness of various ED interventions for older adults at risk of adverse outcomes following discharge from the ED. There is a need to examine the totality of evidence using rigorous analytic techniques to inform best care and potentially develop a hierarchy of treatment options.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42020145315 (28/04/2020)
Finite-Memory Strategies in POMDPs with Long-Run Average Objectives
Authors: Chatterjee Krishnendu , Saona Raimundo , Ziliotto Bruno
Published: April 2021

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) are standard models for dynamic systems with probabilistic and nondeterministic behaviour in uncertain environments. We prove that in POMDPs with long-run average objective, the decision maker has approximately optimal strategies with finite memory. This implies notably that approximating the long-run value is recursively enumerable, as well as a weak continuity property of the value with respect to the transition function.
O TERREIRO DE CANDOMBLÉ MANSO GONGOMBIRA DINHANGA NGINJI COMO ESPAÇO DE EDUCAÇÃO NÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Da Silva Conceição Ailma , Oliveira Miranda Eduardo
Published: April 2021

A presente produção textual tem rebatimento na história de vida de uma mulher negra, candomblecista e pedagoga que vislumbra nas suas memórias as potencialidades para repercutir a efetivação da Lei 10.639/03 no seu ato de mediar a formação dos seus educandos. Sendo assim, o artigo tem como objetivo identificar como os espaços não escolar que compõem um terreiro de Candomblé Manso Gongombira Dinhanga Nginji favorece na construção da identidade negra das crianças que convivem em suas territorialidade. Acreditando nas diversas potencialidades de ensino que existem dentro de um terreiro de candomblé, para tal, utilizamos a metodologia das Narrativas Autobiográficas para alcançar os dados necessários. Verificando através de relatos como essas crianças de terreiro aprenderam os valores indenitários afro-brasileiros. A importância de estudar esse tema tem como intuito identificar fatores que encontramos nesse espaço não escolar que contribui para que as crianças constituam seus valores indenitários da cultura afro-brasileira.
O TRABALHO COM GÊNERO MEME EM SALA DE AULA: potencialidades para a formação do leitor
Authors: Silva João Miller Da , Botelho Stela Mara , Ferreira Helena Maria
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo elege como objeto de reflexão as potencialidades do gênero memes para a formação do leitor. Essa pesquisa teve por intento compilar estudos que versam sobre o gênero meme - uma manifestação cultural que tem recebido destaque nos últimos tempos na internet. Assim, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo: (i) apresentar um estudo sobre o gênero memes e destacar o que estes trabalhos discutem sobre suas aplicações em sala de aula, e (ii) analisar, a partir da perspectiva do gênero do discurso memes, o conteúdo temático, o plano composicional e o estilo de linguagem do gênero meme.Para a consecução do objetivo proposto foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico, com vistas a fundamentar teoricamente o trabalho embasado por Bakhtin (2003), Braga (2018), Horta (2015), Santos (2013), entre outros. Além da pesquisa teórica, este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma análise de três memes em vídeo. Tais análises apresentam um foco direcionado para o conteúdo temático, o plano composicional e o estilo do meme. Espera-se que as reflexões decorrentes deste trabalho possa iluminar o percurso formativo de professores, potenciais leitores, uma vez que o trabalho com meme em sala de aula, além de mobilizar o interesse do aluno para a aprendizagem, pode favorecer a ampliação de várias habilidades relacionadas aos multiletramentos.
Joãozinho da Goméia: Rei do Candomblé e Rei da Mídia
Authors: Freitas Ricardo Oliveira de
Published: April 2021

O texto analisa a importância do uso de recursos de mídia e de expressões em arte pelo Rei do Candomblé para a reconfiguração do campo religioso afro-brasileiro e para a construção de um imaginário social sobre o candomblé. Afirma que as aparições em mídia, mais que permitirem a Joãozinho do Goméia ocupar um lugar de destaque no mercado da oferta de serviços mágico-religiosos, contribuíram para desmistificar a imagem do candomblé como relacionado à selvageria, à barbárie, ao exercício de falsa medicina, à obscenidade, à anormalidade mental, à delinquência e a um sem número de representações negativas que recaíam sobre essas religiões. Reconhece que Joãozinho, através da efetiva exploração das formas plásticas e da riqueza estética das religiões afro-brasileiras, contribuiu para positivar a imagem dessas religiões junto à esfera pública política, à esfera de visibilidade midiática e, por extensão, à opinião pública, nos termos de Habermas (1984), além de criar uma arena paralela, alternativa e radical, nos termos de Fraser (1985) e Downing (2002), respectivamente. Ao extrapolar os limites do universo religioso afro-brasileiro e promover, através da recorrente presença em mídia, o diálogo entre a sociedade brasileira mais ampla e o universo religioso afro-brasileiro, Joãozinho deu forma não somente à uma nova cultura religiosa afro-brasileira, num tipo de luta pela significação, através da positivação midiática e representacional da Goméia, do candomblé angola ou das religiões afro-brasileiras, mas à importante e consolidado projeto de valorização da cultura negra no Brasil e nas Américas.
Como as festas de terreiro ajudaram a construir o prestígio e o status do Rei do Candomblé Joãozinho da Goméia entre São Caetano e Duque de Caxias (1948-1971).
Authors: Nascimento Andrea Dos Santos
Published: April 2021

João Alves Torres Filho foi o nome civil do pai de santo Joãozinho da Goméia queconstruiu uma trajetória de sucesso no panteão das religiões afro-brasileiras entre 1948 e 1971. Oinicio deste caminho se dá em Salvador onde era conhecido pelo nome de João da Pedra Preta porconta do caboclo que o inseriu nos mistérios do candomblé e o transformou em uma aclamadaliderança afro-religiosa. O intuito deste artigo é apresentar parte do projeto de ascensão social dePai João centrado nas festas que aconteciam no terreiro de São Caetano(Salvador) e Duque deCaxias na Baixada Fluminense. Eram festas especificas para Iansã, Obaluaê, Oxossi; para oCaboclo Pedra Preta e festas de saídas de Iaôs, onde o pai de santo negociava status, poder eprestígio com chefes de polícia, delegados, militares de alta patente, políticos influentes, artistas,gente do café soçaite carioca, lideranças candomblecistas e chefes de tendas umbandistas. Por meiodesta análise podemos exemplificar como Pai João construiu um Império religioso chamadoGoméia, e como a imprensa dá visibilidade a este Império, transformando-o em Tata Londirá, umarealeza do panteão afro-religioso.
Candomblés e carnavais: corpos desfilantes de Joãozinho da Goméia
Authors: BORA Leonardo Augusto , Haddad Gomes Porto Gabriel , Ferreira Natal Vinícius
Published: April 2021

O trabalho investiga a presença de Joãozinho da Goméia enquanto “destaque de luxo” em desfiles de escolas de samba da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, no final da década de 1960 e no início da década de 1970. Objetiva-se, com isso, o estabelecimento de conexões entre o universo dos “barracões” das religiões de matrizes africanas e a complexidade dos “barracões” das agremiações carnavalescas. De início, as relações históricas entre escolas de samba, cosmogonias negro-africanas e sociabilidades de terreiros são problematizadas, com base em proposições teóricas de nomes como Paul Gilroy e Muniz Sodré. Num segundo momento, a partir da prospecção bibliográfica e do recorte de fragmentos jornalísticos, são apresentados apontamentos sobre a importância dos destaques de carnaval, com ênfase em personagens desempenhados por João da Goméia em desfiles de 1969 e 1970, em escolas como Império Serrano, Império da Tijuca e Imperatriz Leopoldinense. Depois, as lentes investigativas são direcionadas para a reinterpretação visual de algumas fantasias utilizadas pelo Babalorixá, conforme o proposto no decorrer do desfile de 2020 do GRES Acadêmicos do Grande Rio, cujo enredo Tata Londirá: o Canto do Caboclo no Quilombo de Caxias dedicou um “setor” (o equivalente a um capítulo de uma narrativa) aos corpos desfilantes do personagem homenageado. Conclui-se, por fim, que João da Goméia pode ser compreendido enquanto agente mediador que transitava por círculos culturais distintos, mesclando, na sua corporeidade carnavalesca, os saberes trocados nos terreiros de Candomblé e as vivências nas quadras (outrora chamadas “terreiros”) e nos barracões do “maior show da Terra”.
A PRESENÇA DA AUSÊNCIA DA GOMEIA EM DUQUE DE CAXIAS
Authors: Dos Santos Adriana Batalha
Published: April 2021

As décadas que separam a Gomeia, construída por Pai João e sua comunidade de terreiro, da Gomeia que conheci, através da pesquisa, legaram para aquele espaço uma progressiva ruína, além da dispersão material e simbólica da herança de seu glorioso passado. Neste artigo desenvolvo um esforço de olhar para o que sobrou da Gomeia no bairro de Copacabana em diálogo com memórias coletivas locais  e identificar  presenças que a habitam, mantendo-a viva.
NARRATIVAS E SEUS ENCANTAMENTOS - Entre zuelas e axós de Tata Londirá
Authors: Mendes Jackeline Rodrigues , Ferreira Marta
Published: April 2021

Neste texto pretendemos abordar a construção de narrativas em uma perspectiva decolonial a partir de Tata Londirá, pai de santo conhecido como Joãozinho da Goméia, que tem um papel singular na visibilidade do candomblé do século XX. A noção de narrativa e suas relações com o encantamento em práticas afrodiásporicas pretende ser discutida pelo deslocamento da dicotomia colonial posta entre sociedades orais e sociedades letradas, entre oral-escrito que colocou uma centralidade da noção de escrita apenas atrelada ao verbal. Tal divisão relegou tais práticas apenas ao âmbito da oralidade como forma de oposição e ausência de escrita. Pretendemos, a partir das zuelas (cantos) e axós (vestimentas do candomblé) de Tata Londirá, discutir os modos de produção das narrativas no candomblé de Joãozinho da Goméia e as relações que podem ser estabelecidas entre encantamento e a produção de outros modos de escrita. Além disso, discutimos a força de narrador de Tata Londirá ao transpor para fora dos muros dos terreiros tais narrativas em toda sua estética, visualidade e encantamento.
Da caverna à internet: evolução e desafios da liberdade de expressão
Authors: Barroso Luís Roberto
Published: April 2021

Desde o início dos tempos, a liberdade de expressão sempre foi o tormento dos donos do poder: do poder político, do poder econômico e do poder religioso. Uma conquista obtida lenta e paulatinamente no curso da história, que só começa a se afirmar, efetivamente, com as revoluções liberais. Desde a Independência, todas as Constituições brasileiras, a começar pela de 1824, asseguraram a liberdade de expressão. Desafortunadamente, sempre houve larga distância entre intenção e gesto, num dramático desencontro entre o discurso oficial e o comportamento dos governos. Uma das marcas do regime militar foi o longo período de censura à liberdade de expressão em suas diferentes modalidades, aí incluídas a liberdade de imprensa e de criação artística. Não por outra razão, o texto constitucional de 1988 foi verdadeiramente obsessivo ao tratar da matéria, o que fez em uma pluralidade de dispositivos. Em lugar de assegurar a liberdade de expressão genericamente, vedando a censura e outras intervenções estatais, a Constituição dedicou diversas normas específicas ao tema. Há algumas questões contemporâneas que dividem divide corações e mentes.
O "campo de concentração do Alguidar" e a simetria constitucional: uma análise do direito à moradia no contexto do Estatuto da Igualdade Racial
Authors: Do Canto Vanessa Santos
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho aborda a proposta do conceito “campo de concentração do alguidar” desde a perspectiva da “simetria constitucional”, aparentemente pacificada na teoria e na prática jurídica. Discute o direito à moradia desde as possibilidades do conceito de “moradia digna”, utilizada no âmbito do ordenamento jurídico interno e o conceito de “moradia adequada”, utilizada no âmbito das agências multilaterais, notadamente após a aprovação da Lei n. 12.288/2010, denominada Estatuto da Igualdade Racial. O objetivo é propor um método de análise no âmbito da Teoria do Estado que articule o acúmulo das discussões jurídicas no âmbito das ações afirmativas com “recorte racial” às atuais questões colocadas pela atuação do Poder Judiciário no contexto de um deslocamento do discurso “racialista” ao discurso de “etnogênese” nos Poderes do Estado.
An update to remedial avenues for complaints about poor care in the NHS
Authors: Sonar Ulhas , Eevuri Maheswara Reddy , Kolpattil Sangeetha , Kumar Shyam
Published: April 2021

As an institution, the NHS is liable to respond and act on any concerns or complaints against the services it provides. NHS organisations should provide Patient Advice and Liaison Services as a first point of contact for patients, carers and/or relatives. Complaints raised by patients or their representatives should be investigated in an open, evidence-based way, aiming to resolve the issue to the fullest satisfaction of the complainant within an agreed time frame, while maintaining strict confidentiality. Complainants should be safeguarded and supported with appropriate advice. If a satisfactory resolution is not provided within 6 months, the complainant has the right to escalate the issue to the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman. With this in mind, the aim of this article is to provide an overview for NHS staff regarding the avenues available for complainants.
Liquefaction potential along with pore water pressure generation of coastal sand of Digha in West Bengal, India
Authors: Ray Pinak
Published: April 2021

Stress controlled cyclic triaxial tests have been done on coastal sand of Digha, West Bengal, India, at different frequencies, confining pressures, and relative densities and cyclic stress ratios. Number of cycles for initial liquefaction (NL) has been determined for that number of cycle when excess pore pressure ratio has become equal to 1. Significant influences of density of sand, confining pressure and number of cycles for initial liquefaction on coastal Digha sand have been found. The test results have shown that increasing density of sand increases liquefaction potential, whereas cyclic strength of sand decreases with increase of confining pressure. An empirical correlation has been developed on cyclic strength of sand based on these parameters and this correlation fits quite well with the observed experimental results. Bender Element tests have been performed to determine maximum shear modulus (Gmax) of Digha sand at different densities and confining pressures. A high correlation coefficient between cyclic strength and Gmax of Digha sand at any NL has been found. A new pore water pressure generation model has been introduced for this sand along with upper bound and lower bound curves to predict excess pore water pressure build up due to seismic loads.
Electrooxidation of simulated wastewater containing pharmaceutical amoxicillin on thermally prepared IrO2/Ti
Authors: Appia Thiery Auguste Foffié , Ouattara Lassiné
Published: April 2021

The electrooxidation of amoxicillin (AMX) on the iridium oxide electrode thermally prepared (400°C) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and preparative electrolysis. Physical characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that the IrO2 electrode has a rough surface with pores' presence. In cyclic voltammetry, the oxidation of AMX occurs directly at the anode's surface or via the higher degree oxide of iridium oxide (IrO3).  It is noted that the oxidation process of AMX can be controlled by diffusion combined with the phenomenon of adsorption. In preparative electrolysis, the effect of several parameters has been investigated. These are the current density, the support medium, the initial pH. The findings obtained show a weak degradation of amoxicillin. The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction rate is less than 11% under our experimental conditions, indicating that the IrO2 electrode leads to the parent compound's conversion. Also, the degradation of the organic compound is favored in a very acidic medium.

Furthermore, the effect of inorganic ions such as SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, Cl- was evaluated. Investigations show that these ions' effects are diverse, with COD reduction rates ranging from 2.47%; 2.68%; 7.7%; 16.41%, and 71.65%, respectively, in the absence and the presence of SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, Cl- ions. SO42- have virtually no effect on enhancing the degradation of amoxicillin. PO43- ions provide a slight improvement in amoxicillin degradation. As for nitrate ions, their influence is 2.31 times that of phosphate ions. Chloride ions improve the performance of the electrooxidation of amoxicillin on IrO2 very significantly. The presence of chloride ions makes it possible to go from 2928.35 (absence of inorganic ions) to 33.19 kWh per Kg of COD. This represents an energy gain of over 98%.
321  W high-efficiency continuous-wave green laser produced by single-pass frequency doubling of narrow-linewidth fiber laser
Authors: Su Mengqi , You Yang , Quan Zhao , Shen Hui , Li Qiurui , Liu Wansheng , Qi Yunfeng , Zhou Jun
Published: April 2021

In this study, a high-power continuous-wave green laser for copper processing is investigated. The laser is produced by single-pass second-harmonic generation (SHG) of a narrow-linewidth fiber laser. Based on Sellmeier equations, the factors (e.g., fundamental wave linewidth, temperature, and angle) that decide LBO noncritical phase matching are theoretically analyzed for optimizing the SHG setup. A narrow-linewidth polarization-maintained fiber laser is used as the fundamental laser with a linewidth of 20 GHz and polarization extinction ratio of greater than 15 dB. Type I noncritical phase-matching LBO is used as the nonlinear crystal in the SHG. A green laser (up to 321 W) is obtained from a 784 W fundamental laser with a conversion efficiency of 40.9%. The green laser is near-diffraction-limited and has a

M

2

factor of 1.07.
Large inter-stock differences in catch size-at-age of mature Atlantic salmon observed by using genetic individual origin assignment from catch data
Authors: Koljonen Marja-Liisa , Masuda Michele , Kallio-Nyberg Irma , Koskiniemi Jarmo , Saloniemi Irma
Published: April 2021

Genetic individual assignment of river stock of origin of mixed stock catch fish offers a tool to analyze size differences among river stocks. Data on the genetically identified river stock of origin of individual fish from commercial mixed stock catches were used to compare the catch size-at-age of mature Atlantic salmon catch fish (Salmo salar) from different rivers in the Baltic Sea. In this application of genetic mixed stock modeling, individual assignments of the river stock of origin were analyzed together with length- and weight-at-age data for individual catch fish. The use of four genetic stock identification based methods was compared for defining the length distributions of caught mature salmon in different river stocks. The catch data included information on maturing salmon in the northern Baltic Sea over the years 2000–2013. DNA microsatellite data on 17 loci and information on the smoltification age were used to assign spawners to their stock of origin. All of the compared methods for using probabilistic stock of origin data in our case yielded very similar estimates of the final mean length distributions of the stocks. The Bayesian mixture model yielded slightly more conservative estimates than the direct probability method, threshold method, or the modified probability method. The catch size between spawners of a same sex and age from river stocks differed significantly and the differences were large. The mean catch weight of 1-sea-winter old mature males in different rivers varied from 1.9 kg to 2.9 kg, from 5.1 kg to 7.5 kg for 2-sea-winter old males, from 5.0 kg to 7.2 kg for 2-sea-winter old females, and from 8.2 kg to 10.8 kg for 3-sea-winter-old females. The mean size of caught wild salmon spawners in each year-class was on average smaller than that of the hatchery-reared and sea ranched stocks.
Differences in factors associated with anemia in Haitian children from urban and rural areas
Authors: Palacios Ana M. , Freeland-Graves Jeanne H. , Dulience Sherlie Jean-Louis , Delnatus Jacques Raymond , Iannotti Lora L.
Published: April 2021

Background

In Haiti, differences in the prevalence of anemia between urban and rural areas have been observed.

Objective

To identify moderating factors that may help explain the difference in the prevalence of anemia in children from poor urbanvs. rural areas of Haiti.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used secondary data from urban and rural school-based trials that assessed the effectiveness of a nutrition intervention. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02747524. A total of 300 rural- and 981 urban- children between 2.5–13 years of age were included in this analysis. Effect modification in a binary logistic generalized linear mixed model was conducted using sample weights in SPSS®version 26. Models were adjusted for age and income. School cluster was included as random effect.

Results

In rural areas, stunting was more prevalent in children with anemiavs. no anemia, (16.6%, and 6.3%, P = 0.008), respectively. Also, rural children with anemia lived with fewer adultsvs. rural children with no anemia, (x¯= 2.83±1.29, and 3.30±1.54, P = 0.005), respectively. In poor urban areas, helminth morbidities were more frequent in children with anemiavs. no anemia, (21.9% vs. 13.9, P = 0.011), respectively. In the combined sample, stunting, [AOR = 2.05; 95%CI (1.32–3.18)], age [AOR = 0.89; 95%CI (0.85–0.93)], and households with more adults [AOR = 0.77; 95%CI (0.67–0.87)] were associated with anemia. Effect modification by place of residence was observed in households with more adults (t = 3.83, P<0.001). No other nutritional, dietary, sanitation or morbidity factors or effect modifiers were observed.

Conclusions

In this sample, factors associated with anemia differed in poor urban and rural children from Haiti including family structure and helminth morbidities. Stunting and lower age increased the odds of anemia in the combined sample. Family structure appears to have an important role in anemia, and further research understanding the influence of family structures in anemia is needed.
Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency and perinatal outcomes in southern India
Authors: Finkelstein Julia L. , Fothergill Amy , Krisher Jesse T. , Thomas Tinku , Kurpad Anura V. , Dwarkanath Pratibha
Published: April 2021

Background

Vitamin B12deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. Few prospective studies have investigated vitamin B12status early in pregnancy, and its links to infant vitamin B12status, particularly in India where the burden of vitamin B12deficiency is estimated to be the highest globally. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of maternal vitamin B12biomarkers with neonatal vitamin B12status.

Methods

Pregnant women (~12 weeks’ gestation) were enrolled in a perinatal cohort study in Bangalore, India. Total vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), and homocysteine concentrations were evaluated in maternal samples at enrollment and in neonates at birth using cord blood. Linear and binomial regression models were used to evaluate the associations of maternal vitamin B12biomarkers with neonatal vitamin B12status and perinatal outcomes.

Results

A total of 63.2% of women had vitamin B12deficiency (<148 pmol/L), 87.2% had vitamin B12insufficiency (<221 pmol/L), and 47.3% had impaired vitamin B12status (vitamin B12<148 pmol/L and MMA>0.26μmol/L) at enrollment; 40.8% of neonates had vitamin B12deficiency, 65.6% were insufficiency, and 38.1% had impaired vitamin B12status at birth. Higher maternal vitamin B12concentrations at enrollment were associated with increased neonatal vitamin B12concentrations (β(SE): 0.40 (0.05); p<0.0001) and lower risk of neonatal vitamin B12deficiency (Risk Ratio [RR]: 0.53; 95% CI: [0.43, 0.65]; p<0.0001). Maternal vitamin B12deficiency (RR: 1.97 [1.43, 2.71]; p<0.001), insufficiency (RR: 2.18 [1.23, 3.85]; p = 0.007), and impaired vitamin B12status (RR: 1.49 [1.13, 1.97]; p = 0.005) predicted a two-fold increase in the risk of neonatal vitamin B12deficiency at birth.

Conclusions

The prevalence of vitamin B12deficiency was high early in pregnancy and predicted neonatal vitamin B12status. Future research is needed to determine the role of vitamin B12in the development of pregnancy and infant outcomes, and to inform screening and interventions to improve maternal and child health.
Prevalence and factors which influence early antenatal booking among women of reproductive age in Tanzania: An analysis of data from the 2015-16 Tanzania Demographic Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey
Authors: Moshi Fabiola V.
Published: April 2021

Background

Early initiation of the antenatal clinic is vital as it allows early detection, management, and prevention of problems that may occur during pregnancy time. The analysis aimed to determine the prevalence and factors which influence early antenatal booking among women of reproductive age in Tanzania.

Method

The study used data from the 2015–16 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey (2015–16 TDHS-MIS). A total of 6924 women of active reproductive age from 15 to 49 were included in the analysis. Both univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to determine predictors of early antenatal booking.

Results

Only 1586 (22.9%) of pregnant women had early antenatal booking. After adjusted for the confounders, factors which influenced early antenatal booking were age of a woman [20 to 34 years, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.554 at 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.213–1.993, and more than 34 years, AOR = 1.758 at 95% CI = 1.306–2.368]; wealth status [rich, AOR = 1.520 at 95% CI = 1.282–1.802]; education level [higher education, AOR = 2.355 at 95% CI = 1.36–4.079]; parity [Para 2 to 3, AOR = 0.85 at 95% CI = 0.727–0.994 and Para 5+, AOR = 0.577 at 95%CI = 0.465–0.715]; zones [Unguja, AOR = 0.433 at 95% CI = 0.284–0.658 and Pemba, AOR = 0.392 at 95% CI = 0.236–0.649].

Conclusion

Early antenatal booking in Tanzania is extremely low. Women who were more likely to initiate antenatal visits within the first 12 weeks are those from well-off families, those with higher education, primiparity women, and those from Tanzania mainland urban. The innovative interventional study is highly recommended to come up with an effective strategy to improve timing for antenatal booking.
Normative values of the vibration perception thresholds at finger pulps and metatarsal heads in healthy adults
Authors: Ekman Linnéa , Lindholm Eero , Brogren Elisabeth , Dahlin Lars B.
Published: April 2021

Aims

To establish normative values of vibration perception thresholds (VPTs), using multi-frequency vibrometry at finger pulps and at metatarsal heads of the foot in healthy adults. We also aimed to investigate factors that could potentially affect VPTs such as age, sex, height, weight, foot- or handedness and skin temperature.

Methods

VPTs were examined in 924 healthy and randomly selected subjects in the southern Sweden (mean 46 years; 628 women and 296 men). Inclusion criterias were adult subjects (>18 years) in considerable health without diabetes mellitus or other nerve affecting disorders. VPTs were measured at the finger pulps of index and little finger, as well as the first and fifth metatarsal heads of the foot, through multi-frequency vibrometry using the VibroSense Meter® I device. Patient characteristics were recorded and skin temperature was measured before assessment of VPTs.

Results

We present normative values of VPTs for a large population of both male and female subjects in various ages. VPTs detoriated as age increased (0.09–0.59 dB per year; p<0.001), i.e. progressing with normal aging. Increasing skin temperature affected VPTs in finger pulps, but not at metatarsal heads, with -0.2 to -1.6 dB, i.e. vibration perception improved with higher temperatures. Height was only found to affect the VPTs of metatarsal heads (250 Hz: 0.42 dB per cm). Sex, weight and handedness did not affect the VPTs.

Conclusion

We investigated the normative values of VPTs and presented affecting factors as age, skin temperature and height. With these results, VPT testing through multi-frequency vibrometry is enabled to be used in a clinical practice as a diagnostic tool when investigating neuropathy and other neurological disorders.
Inference in skew generalized t-link models for clustered binary outcome via a parameter-expanded EM algorithm
Authors: Tovissodé Chénangnon Frédéric , Diop Aliou , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: April 2021

Binary Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) is the most common method used by researchers to analyze clustered binary data in biological and social sciences. The traditional approach to GLMMs causes substantial bias in estimates due to steady shape of logistic and normal distribution assumptions thereby resulting into wrong and misleading decisions. This study brings forward an approach governed by skew generalized t distributions that belong to a class of potentially skewed and heavy tailed distributions. Interestingly, both the traditional logistic and probit mixed models, as well as other available methods can be utilized within the skew generalized t-link model (SGTLM) frame. We have taken advantage of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm accelerated via parameter-expansion for model fitting. We evaluated the performance of this approach to GLMMs through a simulation experiment by varying sample size and data distribution. Our findings indicated that the proposed methodology outperforms competing approaches in estimating population parameters and predicting random effects, when the traditional link and normality assumptions are violated. In addition, empirical standard errors and information criteria proved useful for detecting spurious skewness and avoiding complex models for probit data. An application with respiratory infection data points out to the superiority of the SGTLM which turns to be the most adequate model. In future, studies should focus on integrating the demonstrated flexibility in other generalized linear mixed models to enhance robust modeling.