bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Different Depressants on Oxidised Copper Ores Flotation
Authors: Jiang Tai Guo , Fang Jian Jun , Zhang Tie Min , Wang Shan , Mao Ying Bo
Published: April 2014

For refractory oxidised copper ores of Huidong Sichuan province, studing the different depressants on the influence of oxidised copper ores flotation behavior. The results showed that: the depressanting effect of the combination of sodium hexametaphosphate primarily is better. When the dosage of the combination of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium humate reagent is 300 g/t, ratio is 2:1,the recovery of copper concentrate is 83.31and the grade is 19.01 in the closed circuit experiment.
The Top Loading Antenna with Fractal Photonic Crystal Used in TD-LTE System
Authors: Lin Bin , Lin Ting , Ge Yang , Wang Rong Rong , Guo Yong Ping , Lin Zhi Da
Published: April 2014

The performance of antenna has the conclusive influence to the performance of mobile communication terminal; one excellent-performance antenna can improve the communication quality of communication device greatly. With the developing of broadband wireless communication technology, the fourth generation mobile communication technology has advanced day after day, and will turn into practical soon. This article aim at the demand of the fourth generation mobile communication technologys standard of TD-LTE, combined with the fractal technology, photonic crystal texture and top loading technique, designing a fractal photonic crystal top loading antenna which can work in 2.6GHz frequency band, and make simulate analysis to the performance of antenna and make the sample of antenna to test. The result from simulation and test shows this antenna has a low return loss and the work bandwidth is big, which is suitable for the fourth generation mobile communications TD-LTE system.
Heat Flow Calculation Based on Seismic Data
Authors: Yang Rui , Wu Neng You , Yuan Yuan , Su Ming , Qiao Shao Hua , Cong Xiao Rong , Yu Jia Shun
Published: April 2014

Heat flow calculation is a reliable method to estimate the vibration about temperature, main factors of the existence of marine gas hydrates below seafloor. It would increase the accuracy of resources volume estimating and reduce cost of exploration significantly. Depth of Bottom Simulating Reflectors (BSRs), known as the base of gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), is a critical variable in this calculation. It should be recognized and mapped using the good quality three-dimensional (3D) pre-stack migration seismic data. By introducing heat flow derived from the depths of BSRs, this method would improve the resolution of the profiles and the quality of imaging and can be used in the specific areas.
Books Rank with Modified PageRank Algorithm
Authors: Bai Han , Lv Wei , Liao Xun
Published: April 2014

This paper analyzes the operational characteristics of the library. Based on this, the author improve the traditional PageRank algorithm to rank for similar books. This innovation is that according to the characteristics of the PageRank algorithm, reduced times, books, readers, book by three to a unified relationship plane up, through the matrix solution to the PageRank relations in the initial value problems return, and achieve the algorithm.
Kinematical Modeling for Terrain Following Algorithm of Vehicles Moving on the Ground
Authors: Zhang Wen Hui , Guo Feng , Zhou Huan , Lin Zhi An , Lin Ji Ming
Published: April 2014

In this paper, a common kinematic model of the terrain following algorithm is proposed for the simulation of vehicles moving on the ground. In this model, Euler angles are adopted to describe vehicles' motion attitudes and corresponding rotation matrices are constructed for transformations between coordinate systems. The motion control is divided into moving forward/back and turning because of the mass grid about rigid vehicles. The modeling of turning, a problem always ignored by others, is particularly and accurately analyzed in this model. Based on kinematics, our model is computationally simpler than dynamical models, so it is more suitable for large-scale virtual simulation systems that need to animate many vehicles at the same time.
Parameterization of Masks for Tight Wavelet Frames and Multiple Pseudoframes and Applications in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Yu Yu Min
Published: April 2014

Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of engine ering, physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mecha nical systems. In this work, the construction of 4-band tight wavelet frames with symmetric proper-ties using symmetric extension and parameterization of the paraunitary matrix. The notion of an 4-band generalized multiresolution structure of subspace is proposed. The characteristics of affine pseudoframes for subspaces is investigated. The construction of a generalized multiresolution structure of Paley-Wiener subspace of is studied. The pyramid decomposition scheme is obta-ined based on such a generalized multiresolution structure and a sufficient condition for its exist-ence is presented. A constructive method for affine frames of based on a generalized multi-resolution structure is presented.
A New Functional Approach for Searching Optimal Reservoir Rule Curves
Authors: Ding Yi Fan , Tang De Shan , Meng Zhen Zhu
Published: April 2014

Rule curves are guidelines for long term reservoir operation. An efficient optimization technique is required to find the optimal rule curves that can mitigate water shortage in long-term operation. A new functional approach was proposed to search the optimal rule curves of reservoir. The results indicated that the situations of water shortage and excess release water of using the new approach are smaller than the situations of using the existing rule curves.
Calculation Method on Process Capability Index of True Position Based on Maximum Material Condition
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Gao Jin Gang
Published: April 2014

This paper focuses on process capability evaluation method for position tolerance under maximum material condition. Due to application of maximum material condition the position tolerance specification varies individually for each part, the approach of percentage normalization is introduced to calculate position process capability index. Bush is taken as an example, and true position percentage normalization of 30 parts are calculated. Considering the true position constitution relative to position tolerance at maximum material condition, related individual percentages are used to express the result and the same tolerance size 100% is obtained as for a unilateral tolerance. Process Capability index is calculated with Minitab software.
Finite Element Simulation Analysis on Space KX-Joint
Authors: Wang Yong Sheng , Wu Li Hua
Published: April 2014

The finite element model of the space KX-Joint was established using ANSYS software, and the failure mode and ultimate bearing capacity of KX-joint were researched. Calculation results show that the surface of chord wall on the roots of compression web members was into the plastic in K plane, and the holding pole without the plastic area and the local buckling failure happened in the surface of chord wall on the roots of Compression Web Members in X plane; The bearing capacity of the joint increased with the Chord diameter, which was appears in the form of power function.
Distributed SWAT Model for Ecological Remediation Project Assessment
Authors: Wei Yu Hang , Tang De Shan , Ding Yi Fan
Published: April 2014

In arid area, ecological remediation aims at decreasing soil erosion by foresting. Distributed SWAT model is further improved model of integrated model, capable of analyzing the relation between river runoff, sediment and land use change by human activities. In this study, distributed SWAT model is built in the Heihe River Basin to simulate watershed water and sand conditions, and natural state of river runoff and sediment without ecological remediation project is estimated. Significant differences are observed between the estimated natural state runoff and sediment and conditions after the remediation projects. This provides valuable reference for effect assessment of Heihe River Basin ecological remediation project.
Research on Training Strategy of College Teacher's Information Literacy in Information Environment
Authors: Huang Le Hui , Gui Bin
Published: April 2014

Improving information literacy of college teacher has great importance for teachers to imporve teaching ability and teaching effect. The paper introduces the necessity of college teachers information literacy training, the connotation of college teachers information literacy, and strategy of improving the information literacy of university teacher.
Study on the Relationship between the Diameter and the Stress Concentration
Authors: Zhao Jian Qin , Wang Zhi
Published: April 2014

In order to find out how much a relief groove can change the stress distribution in a shaft, In this paper, finite element technology and test technique have been used to study the stress concentration dates caused by a escape by different shaft models. Their diameters are all less than M30mm. The research solutions show that the stress concentration coefficients caused by the escapes grow with the increase of the diameters. The pressure on the shaft should be reduced to about 0.68 times of the normal one so that the shafts have the same lifetime as before. Stress concentration coefficient is the only parameter to estimate the stress concentration degree. The calculate dates were compared with the test one in this paper in order to check the models accuracy. The conclusions show that the error rate is less than 5%.It can be taken as a new method to replace the destructive test in the design products.
A New Method to Quickly Optimize the Thickness of Multi-Holes Plate
Authors: Wu Sheng Bin , Liu Xiao Bao
Published: April 2014

The theory of plates and shells is not adapted to design thickness for the multi-holes plates in engineering. A new method to quickly optimize the thickness based on the finite element method theory was put forward. The method combined the theory of plate with the finite element method to establish a mathematical model and analyzed the influences of load, constraint and complexity on design error. The practices demonstrated that the proposed design method is effective and feasible.
Layout Topology Optimization for Inner Stiffeners of Excavator's Boom
Authors: Wu Sheng Bin , Liu Xiao Bao
Published: April 2014

Aimed at the layout of inner stiffeners in excavator's boom, this paper puts forward an optimization method for the layout of box structure 's inner stiffeners and layout topology optimizes based on Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO). Analyzed the boom with the finite element method under the bucket digging condition, the results show that the inner stiffeners obtained by this method can improve the stress concentration phenomenon and the high stress distribution areas. The practices demonstrated the proposed method is effective and feasible.
Based on Dynamic Simulation Optimization of CNC Cutting Parameter Database System is the Key Technology Research
Authors: Li Chuan Jun , Zhao Zhan Fu
Published: April 2014

Put forward a kind of based on B/S three layer architecture model of cutting parameter database system, the establishment of a complete effective cutting data model used to describe the dynamics simulation optimization of the parameters in the software and the other elements in the process of cutting.At the same time, the establishment of a database contact dynamics simulation optimization software, realized the database support for the typical dynamic simulation optimization software, the development of the corresponding database management system, and completed the cutting data transfer between different data structure.
The HST Load Feedback Automatic Speed Regulating Device Design for Combine Harvester
Authors: Zheng Yu Qing , Zhang Zhi Hong , Ni Xi Li
Published: April 2014

In order to slove the problem that the combine harvester safety belt is often burned out because of machine’ driving forward fast and excessive feeding, it describes an new HST automatic speed regulating device based on the feedback signal from the torque load real-time inspection. This device can effectively avoid the bad case occurrence of safety belt burning out, so it can assure the harvester stability and production efficiency increase dramatically during working process.
The Study of Arc Teethed Automotive Synchronous Belt's Transmission Stability
Authors: Shi Yao Chen , Li Zhan Guo , Yang Xiu Guang
Published: April 2014

The vibration of belt affected the transmission stability of automotive synchronous belt. The mathematical model of longitudinal vibration was established through analyzing the longitudinal vibration of automotive synchronous belt. Developed the vibration dynamic measurement device, aiming at RU style arc teethed synchronous belt transmission process, measured the variety of amplitude over time at the middle of the belt span obtained the rules of amplitude and frequency change along with the rotation speed. It is of certain importance to improving the transmission stability of arc teethed synchronous belt.
Truss Optimization Based on the Evolutionary Structural Optimization
Authors: Hu Xing Guo , Cheng He Ming
Published: April 2014

The Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) as an important structural topology optimization method has been widely used in many fields of engineering optimization. However, due to some technical constraints, the use of ESO for the truss optimization is relatively less. A method for truss optimization that combines the ESO method and the Stress Ratio method is proposed in this paper. This method solves the problems of ESO for truss optimization that the sectional area of bars cannot be changed and the speed of optimization cannot be easily controlled. It can be widely used in truss optimization and can get the same good result as other methods (such as GA and SA, etc.). Furthermore, the method proposed in this paper has the advantage that it can be easily programmed in the commercial software (such as Ansys and Abaqus, etc.) owing to its relatively simple optimization principle.
Finite Element Analysis of the Chassis for Sugarcane Leaf Cutting Off Returning to Field Machinery
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Yu Xing , Tang Yan Qin , Zhang Dian Wu , Xu Zhen Hua , Lu Jia Xian
Published: April 2014

By modeling of sugarcane leaf cutting off returning to field machinery chassis and loading, this paper simplifies reasonably several different conditions of the chassis to the two forms. The finite element is used for the solution of the problem by using ANSYS software, solving the node stress contour of the chassis. Compared the maximum stress in the most dangerous working conditions to the allowable stress of the material, the result verifies the chassis strength to meet the design requirements. According to the vibration of the chassis at work, analyzing the first sixth modal of the chassis, and comparing with excitation frequency shows that the design of the chassis avoids the excitation frequency, which does not cause resonance at work. The results show that the chassis meets the design requirements.
Process Study for Forming a Precise Spline
Authors: Lim Seong Sik , Yoon Deog Jae , Lee Geun An , Choi Ho Joon , Kim Yeon Ku , Lim Seong Joo
Published: April 2014

A tubular shafts have been considered for weight reduction and high quality in the automobile industry. However, in the case of long and thin tubular shafts, it is very difficult to form an internal spline under a cold extrusion process due to folding and buckling. In this study, multi-stage forming is applied to form precise teeth shape in a long and thin tubular shaft. The effects of die diameter and thickness of the material are investigated and analyzed to determine the number of processes based on a FE simulation. Extrusion experiments have been performed to verify the results obtained in the FE simulation. It is confirmed through these tests that a long spline shaft with high dimensional accuracy and improved mechanical properties is formed.
The Design of Vertical Seat Frame
Authors: Chen Shi Yong , Han Mei , Huang Yan Chun
Published: April 2014

It is significant to transport hot-rolled steel coil vertically by seat frame in 70t universal gondola for ensuring safety and improving efficiency. According to the basic requirements of loading and reinforcement in railway freight traffic, studies the conditions of coil transported vertically, carries out a rational design of the seat frame combined with the characteristics of 70t universal gondola, finally uses a way of finite element simulation to prove its feasibility.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on Water Mist Fire Suppression for Cooking Fog Discharge Pipe
Authors: Xie Zheng Wen
Published: April 2014

FDS simulation software was used to establish the full size lampblack physics model of single wind pipe, using the orthogonal design method design of analog calculation conditions, research in the nozzle pressure, the droplet radius, nozzle, flow quantity and injection angle parameters under different conditions of water mist fire extinguishing effect. Based on a full-scale combustion and water mist fire extinguishing experiment, the water mist fire suppression was observed and test analysis etc, to better understand the flue water mist fire extinguishing feasibility, provides the theory basis for the design of efficient, reliable flue fire extinguishing system.
Neural Networks Attitude Decoupling Controller Design of Dual-Ducted SUAV Based on ADRC System
Authors: Gao Tong Yue , Wang Dong Dong , Fei Tao , Ge Hai Lang
Published: April 2014

This dual-ducted SUAV is a nonlinear and strong coupling of multiple-input and multiple-output system, and particularly between the pitch and roll channels channel coupling is strong, in order to implement effective control, it must be decoupled. The traditional methods are difficult to achieve effective control of the strong coupling of multivariable systems. Neural network which has a strong learning ability, is able to learn from the sample and can adapt to changing learning condition. Thus, the neural network can be used to simulate the learning process of operator, and operating characteristics information of objects can be excavated from the measured data, and accordingly change the parameters of the controller and decoupling network. This paper presents a attitude control algorithm of the dual-ducted SUAV which combine ADRC algorithms with neural network decoupling control algorithm, to design a SUAV decoupling controller. The simulation results showed that the attitude control channels between the pitch and roll were independently of each other, indicating a good solution to decouple the coupling between the pitch and roll channels based on neural network algorithm.
Analyze for Vertical Vibration of the In-Wheel Motor Electric Vehicle Based on Power Flow Method
Authors: Xu Guang Hui , Wang Yan Yang , Li Yi Nong , Sun Wei
Published: April 2014

The vertical vibration of the in-wheel motor electric vehicle (IWM-EV) induced by large unsprung mass is analyzed based on power flow method. The simulation results show that due to the unsprung mass increase of IWM-EV, energy consumption of the suspension and wheel is increasing, which will cause adverse effects on not just the ride comfort but the maneuver stability. To decrease the effect, a new kind of vibration mitigation measure of the vehicle body absorber combined with an active hybrid control integrated the sky-hook and ground-hook methods is developed. The effectiveness of this measure is verified.
Edge Resonances of Circular Cylinders
Authors: Feng Fei Long , Lin Shu Yu , Shen Zhuang Zhi
Published: April 2014

Based on modal decomposition, an explicit formula for edge resonance solution in circular cylinders is presented here. Using the bi-orthogonality relation and singular value decomposition, the method could get the exact edge resonance frequency of circular cylinders. The calculation results are compared with numerical simulation results for verification.
Generation Review on the Production Line Development of Foam Glass at Home and Abroad
Authors: Cui Su Ping , Zhang Ji Guang , Tian Ying Liang , Sun Shi Bing , Wu Zhong Wei , Liu Wen Cai
Published: April 2014

According to domestic and international history of foam glass, the foam glass development situation of the United States, France, Japan, the former Soviet Union and China was specifically introduced. Moreover ,the foam-glass-production-lines history was divided by generations and the production-lines characteristics each generation was presented in detail. Compared with the production scale ,investments and unit production cost of foam glass production line on different generations ,we could find that building high-generation production lines, increasing productivity, improving quality, reducing costs and enhancing competitiveness will be the development trend of foam glass industry in the future.
Impact of the Wenchuan Earthquake on Construction Index Using an EMD-Based Event Analysis Method
Authors: Hu Xu Dong , Song Yu
Published: April 2014

The impact of certain extreme events on the construction index is of greatly importance which could be viewed as a huge turning to the index. In the paper, the Wenchuan Earthquake of China would be chosen as the extreme event and an EMD-based (Empirical Mode Decomposition) analysis approach would be used to test the earthquake’s impact. In the proposed method, a t-test is necessary to prove the significant level which could say the earthquake did have huge influence on the change of the construction index (399235.SZ) measured in Shenzhen stock market. Then the time series would be decomposed into six different modes and one residue which represent different turnings with different fluctuations and an average trend. Different fluctuations are caused by different factors but there is only one or several dominant modes can reflect the impact caused by certain extreme event which is the Wenchuan Earthquake of China in this study. Through a step-by-step analysis based on the EMD-based analysis approach, a simple solution would be obtained to estimate the huge impact caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake on the construction index which we name an EMD-based event analysis method.
Effect of Solution Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wrought 316LN Stainless Steel
Authors: Wu Huan Chun , Yang Bin , Zhang Ming Xian , Wang Sheng Long , Shi Y. Z.
Published: April 2014

The effect of forging and solution temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316LN stainless steel has been investigated by optical microscope, tensile testing machine and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the average grain size of the steel was refined from 150μm to 70μm after forging and solution treatment. With increasing solution temperature, the tensile strength and yield strength decreased. On the contrary, the elongation of the steel increased with increasing solution temperature except at 1200°C. The tensile strength of the samples forged at 1100°C is better than those of the samples forged at 1000 and 1200°Cafter solution treatment. Tensile fracture morphologies observation showed that all the specimens have ductile fracture morphologies. With increasing solution temperature, the toughness of the steel becomes better and better except at 1200°C. Both the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 316LN stainless steel have been improved after forging at 1100°C and following by solution treatment at 1150°C.
Research of Martensite Bands in the Core of 82B Wires
Authors: Wang Meng , Sun Zu Qing , Li Long Fei
Published: April 2014

The character of microstructure in the segregation of 82B wire with two different stelmor control cooling procedures and kinetics of eutectoid transformation of segregation through thermal simulation in the range of 400-600°C were researched. The longitudinal section segregation microstructure and composition were analyzed by OMSEMWDS. The thermal simulation results show that the length of martensite segregation bands is decreased holding 10-40s above 500°C, and martensite band in the core of wire where the content of Mn and Cr elements is higher than matrix because of segregation. Furthermore, Stelmor control cooling experiments in the high speed wire mill confirms that there is a critical temperature500°C to 82B wire above which the eutectoid transformation in the segregation is possible, and enough time above the critical temperature in the Stelmor control cooling lids is the key to optimizing procedure.
Shear Localization and Microstructure Evolution in AlMgMnEr Alloy during Dynamic Deformation
Authors: Yin Jia Ming , Li Bo Long , Nie Zuo-Ren
Published: April 2014

The dynamic mechanical property and microstructure evolution in localized shear deformation was investigated in the Al-5.6%Mg-0.75%M-0.25%Er alloy cold rolled to 80% reduction by using Gleeble 3500 compression at the strain rate of 0.01~500s-1. The results show that both a critical strain rate and strain were required for the formation of local shear band under high strain rate compression. The initial Lamellar Boundaries (LBs) in the matrix region are parallel to the rolling direction (RD), with average boundary spacing of 0.25μm; The LBs within the shear bands region have a angle of 20° with RD, whose boundary spacing is ranging from 0.1 to 0.2μm. The LBs gradually rotate to an angle of 20° with RD and finally become wavy shape during the dynamic deformation.
Study on Microstructure and Property of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Casting Alloy during Solution and Aging Treatment
Authors: Wei Li Jun , Li Bo Long , Guan Liu Yi , Nie Zuo-Ren
Published: April 2014

The effect of the alloying elements Cu and Mg, the solution and artificial aging process on the microstructure and property were investigated. Solution treatment was carried out at 535 ± 5°C in different time for the Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloy, and the artificial aging was carried out at 160 ± 5°C and 175 ± 5°C and190 ± 5°C in different time. The microstructure has been investigated by Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). We found that most of Cu and Mg element in the alloy gathered and formed multivariate composite phase at grain boundaries. With the increasing of solid solution time, the intermetallic phases will be dissolution into the matrix, and if the solid solution time is long enough, they will be distributed uniformly in alloy. With the increase of the aging temperature, the time for aging peak will be shorter, but the peak will be lower. Finally, we determine the optimum heat treatment process is 535°C × 12h + 175°C × 8h。
Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber Concrete
Authors: Sun Hong Quan , Zhou Wen Hui , Wei Chao Yi
Published: April 2014

With the methods of studying conventional concrete mechanical performance, the influence of concrete performance on the rubber powder replacement rate is investigated. Based on the test data, the relationship of between the elastic modulus and the rubber powder replacement rate is fitted. The results show that the concrete slump decreases with the rubber substitution rate increasing. The compressive strength of the cube of the concrete, the axial compressive strength and the elastic modulus go down in different degree with the increment of the rubber substitution rate.
Synthesis of Silica-Core/Polymer-Shell Microcapsule via Double In Situ Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Yang Jian Jun , Yang Wen Long , Wu Qing Yun , Zhang Jia Nan , Wu Ming Yuan
Published: April 2014

Carboxylic waterborne polyurethane was synthesized with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyether glycol (PPG) and 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA) as major materials, and terminated with C=C by using β-hydroxyethyl ethacrylate (HEMA). And then 2, 2-azobis (isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) and cumene hydroperoxide (CHPO)/tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), as a representative of different kinds of initiators, were employed to prepare SiO2/polymer composites via double in situ miniemulsion polymerization, in which the prepared waterborne polyurethane was used as a reactive surfactant. The morphology of SiO2/polymer, the microstructure and thermal properties were characterized and discussed. The results indicated that the morphologies of SiO2/polymer composites initiated by AIBN with waterborne polyurethane as surfactant, which showed core-shell microcapsulated structure with SiO2 microsphere fabricated inside the shells of polymer, were different from the products prepared by conventional surfactant. Morphological evolution of the particles with polymerization and their dependence on types of initiator played key roles in achieving the microencapsulated shapes.
Research on Automobile Coupled Vibration between Transmission Shaft and Drive Axle Gears
Authors: Xu Jin Li , Lu Lei , Cao Xing Sheng , Wei Bo
Published: April 2014

Coupled vibration between transmission shaft and drive axle gears is one of the main factors influencing NVH in the FR transmission system. Based on the transmission shaft and drive axle gears, using UG to establish three-dimensional model, establishing flexible-body dynamics model and solving coupling vibration laws of transmission shaft and drive axle gears by ADAMS, and analyzing influencing factors on coupled vibration between transmission shaft and drive axle gears.It is of theoretic significance, for design parameters and installation matching between transmission shaft and drive axle gears.
Experiment Investigation on Mechanical Property of Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Lv Yan
Published: April 2014

Based on the mechanical properties experiment of the glass fiber reinforced concrete with 0%0.6%0.8% and 1% glass fiber volume fraction, the mechanics property such as tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength and flexural elasticity modulus are analyzed and compared with the plain concrete when the kinds of fiber content changes. The research results show that the effect of tensile strength and flexural strength can be improved to some extent, which also can serve as a reference or basis for further improvement and development the theory and application of the glass fiber reinforced concrete.
Fabrication of Copper-Based Superhydrophobic Surface through Template Deposition
Authors: Wang Qing Cheng , Yang Xiao Dong , Shang Guang Rui
Published: April 2014

Experiment prepared polystyrene microspheres with a diameter of 722nm, the template of polystyrene microspheres obtained through the self-assembly. The copper atoms fill the voids of the template by electrochemical deposition, after removing template, copper surface obtain regular arrangement of spherical cave structure. Copper surface with spherical cave modified fluorosilane by chemical method, The contact angle of the surface is 156.3 ° through contact angle measuring. Superhydrophobicity of prepared copper surface is because of two important factors, one is regular microstructure of spherical cave, the other is modification of fluoroalkylsilane.
Investigation of Metal Peeling Failure of Ti/Ni/Ag Metal Thin Films on Silicon Wafers
Authors: Wang Yun Feng , Chen Hai Yang , Zhang Biao , Liu Wen Bin , Ma Xiao Jie , Du Xiao Hui
Published: April 2014

In this paper, failure analysis was conducted to investigate the root cause of Ti/Ni/Ag film peeling from silicon wafer surface. SEM and Edax analysis revealed that peeling was found at Ti/Si interface, and no contamination elements, such as C, H, O, were existed. VK Analyzer was used to measure the surface roughness, and the results revealed that the peeling failure was due to the low surface roughness resulted from excessive polishing after wafer back grinding process. Experiments for changing rabbling polishing method for bubbling polishing one were done expecting to realize high uniformity of surface roughness, and the results showed that roughness uniformity was greatly improved, and no peeling metal was left on the blue tape.
A Study on Steamed Stuffed Bun Preservation with Multiple Gas Media Package at Room Temperature
Authors: Jia Xiao Yu , Zheng Yan Li , Li Xi Hong , Liu Xia , Hao Xiao Lei , Luo Jin Shan , Ma Wen
Published: April 2014

Effects of different methods of gas package on Steamed stuffed bun at room temperature in its shelf life were investigated. The Steamed stuffed bun were packaged under air, N2 ,CO2,or O2, respectively, and then stored 45 days at 25°Cafter the high temperature sterilization. After the sterilization and during storage, the changes of Colorimetric, TPA , and Total viable count were determined. The results showed that carbon dioxide packaging can fully maintain the colorimetric in the high-temperature sterilization. Combining the results of the TPA and other results, carbon dioxide packaging has a better elasticity and chewiness. The package in carbon dioxide could improve the quality of steamed stuffed bun.
Research on Antimicrobial Activity and Packaging Performance of Degradable Protein Films
Authors: Lei Qiao , Huang Zhi Ying , Pan Jia Zhen , Bao Jian Qiang , Xun Qian Nan , Jiang Shuo , Zhang Yu Ting
Published: April 2014

The degradable protein film-forming materials contained 5% whey protein isolate (WPI), 2% sodium caseinate (NaCas) and 50% glycerol,which was the optimal formula obtained by uniform design method of previous work. The antimicrobial activity and packaging performance of WPI-NaCas degradable protein films were discussed by addition of nanoTiO2 at different concentrations (0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20g•(200ml)-1) in film-forming solution.The results showed that nanoTiO2 and protein films showed a certain degree of compatibility.Addition of nanoTiO2 could improve tensile strength and elongation at break of the protein films and decrease WVP values of the films,but decrease light transmittance,increase haze of the protein films. The degradable protein films suited for using below150°C.And,nanoTiO2 incorporated into protein films had antimicrobial activity against both E.coli and S.aureus.
TEOS Hydrolysis Method Synthesize Nano Silica and Biocompatibility Research
Authors: Li Xin Xin , Wang Zhi Long , Yao Nin , Li Yi , Liang Yan
Published: April 2014

Nano silica spheres are synthesized by the TEOS hydrolysis method. The XRD pattern shows that the samples’ strongest peaks are significantly broadened. Series samples are all silica single phase. From the photos of TEM we can see that the samples’ surfaces have a good dispersion and spherical morphology. The Hela cell proliferating activity is assessed by MTT assay. The cell’s morphology and Annexin Hoechst 33342 staining are employed to determine apoptosis in Hela cells. Result shows that cytocompatibility becomes better with the lower concentrations of sample. 24h and 48h cells stained photograph shows that in the concentrations of nano silica 50μg·ml-1, the cell structure is normal and nucleus is complete.
Analyses of Flow Field and Heat Exchange about Limestone Grain in the Preheater
Authors: Liu Yong Gang , Zhang Xiao Yang , Zheng Jing Yang , Xie Jin Fa
Published: April 2014

According to the structural features of the vertical preheater, the 2-dimention finite element models are set up for the section of the preheater with different arrangement and diameters for the limestone grains. The situation of gas-solid two-phase flow between the limestone grains and the hot air in the preheater is simulated by the discrete particle model. Based on the heat transfer theory, the convection heat transfer coefficient between the limestone grains and the hot air is deduced by means of the experimental correlation of the air cross-flow tube bundles. On the simulation of the 2-dimention finite element model of the vertical preheater based on the FLOTRAN module of ANSYS, the temperature field, pressure field and velocity field of the limestone grains are obtained. The results show that there is a little change of convection heat transfer coefficient by varying the arrangement of limestone grains. The convection heat transfer coefficient is improved by employing the limestone grains with little diameter. The larger the gap between the grains is, the larger the convection heat transfer coefficient is.
Analysis on the Reasons of 500kV High-Voltage Disconnectors Hoop Fracture
Authors: Liu Shuang , Cui Wei Tan , Zhang Hong Wu , Ma Yong Quan
Published: April 2014

The fracture reasons of 500kV high-voltage disconnectors hoops were analyzed. The fracture appearance, composition of chemical elements, metallographic, mechanical properties of the fractured hoops were investigated by ICP-AES, SEM, optical microscope, brinell hardness tester, universal testing machine. The test results that one reason is substandard products of this batch hoop. The composition of chemical elements and mechanical properties is fails to comply with applicable standards prescribed and the casting defects are found. Another reason is that the large pre-tightening force and tightens reverse order.
Peculiarities of Structure and Texture of High-Strength Cu-Nb Composites
Authors: Popova E.N. , Popov Vladimir V.
Published: April 2014

The evolution of structure of high-strength heavily deformed Cu-Nb composites processed by two different methods (melt-and-deform and bundle-and-deform) is briefly reviewed based on the authors’ (with their coauthors) original studies and the available publications. Specific features of their texture are considered. In particular, it is demonstrated that the ribbon-like Nb filaments possess not only the sharp fiber texture but the limited texture with components characteristic of cold-drawn Nb. The semi-coherent and amorphous state of Cu/Nb interfaces is discussed. The thermal stability of single-core and multi-core wires is considered. The effect of Zr and Ti doping on the structure and mechanical properties is demonstrated.
The Influence of Strontium on the Microstructure of Cast Magnesium Alloys Containing Aluminum and Calcium
Authors: Dybowski Bartlomiej , Rzychoń Tomasz , Chmiela Bartosz
Published: April 2014

The influence of strontium addition on the microstructure of a Mg-9Al-2Ca alloy was investigated. The microstructure of Mg-9Al-2Ca-xSr alloys consists of α-Mg, (Mg,Al)2Ca with C15 structure, Al4Sr and AlxMny phases. The addition of strontium decreases the grain size of the α-Mg phase and decreases the aluminum content dissolved in the α-Mg solid solution. Moreover, the volume fraction of the Al4Sr phase increases with increasing strontium content. Strontium does not influence on the volume fraction of (Mg,Al)2Ca phase.
A Balancing Procedure for a Modular Tool Set
Authors: Rathgeb J. , Janousch C. , Merkel Markus , Jungk C.
Published: April 2014

The innovative core of this paper is the development, simulation and experimental validation of a modular tool set for the production of different window contour types made of wood. Caused by the modular structure and the high rotational speed in wood machining, an essential objective in the development of a modular tool set is to achieve close customer defined tolerances. This can only be achieved with a good balancing grade. To determine the unbalance, a parametric 3D-CAD-model of the validation model is imported into a Multi Body Simulation (MBS) software and analyzed numerically. The results of these simulations are then validated by experimental analysis on a balancing machine.
Identification and Prediction of Surface Topography with Regard to Variable Conditions of Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Valíček Jan , Harničarová Marta , Koštial Pavel , Jančíková Zora , Zavadil J. , Kušnerová Milena
Published: April 2014

Contribution of the work consists in creation of a mathematical model (algorithm) for prediction of technological parameters of the two-high rolling stand DUO 210 Sva and Q110 at change of the absolute reduction Δh, for example for a deep-drawing steel and of the brand KOHAL grade 697 and low carbon steel, as well as generally speaking for any rolled material. It is possible to identify and predict on the basis of this algorithm an instant state of surface topography in respect to variable technological conditions. On this basis it is then possible to calculate and plot individual main technological parameters.
Design and Experiment of Ultrasonic Anemometer Using TDC-GP2 Time-to-Digital Converter
Authors: Du Han Yu , Qin Ming
Published: April 2014

An ultrasonic anemometer using TDC-GP2 high-accuracy time measuring chip is studied in this paper, the design of software and hardware parts and principle of flying time measurement using TDC-GP2 chip are also discussed in detail. Under this scheme, a prototype has been fabricated, with simpler circuit architecture. A wind tunnel experiment of the prototype was conducted, the test result shows that the ultrasonic anemometer can measure wind speed up to 39.9m/s, and the measurement error does not exceed 0.3m/s when wind speed is below 10m/s, or 3 percentage when its above 10m/s. Wind directions vary from 0 to 359 degree can be detected with accuracy of 3 degree.
AFM Fast Tip Approach Based on Fiber Optic Sensor
Authors: Chen Dai Xie , Yin Bo Hua , Ju Yu , Lin Yun Sheng , Chu Ming Zhang , Li Han
Published: April 2014

As AFM tip approach speed is one of the key factors for AFM industrial on-line detection application, a sectional fast tip approach method composed of rough approach and mild approach processes is introduced here. In rough approach process, AFM tip can be approached by step motor to certain distance upon the sample surface with high speed, as a homemade dual-channel reflective intensity modulated fiber optic displacement sensor (DC-RIMFODS) can be integrated to AFM scan head easily to detect the stop position. While continued with mild approach process after rough approach, step motor can run slowly with a common PI feedback controller for Z scanner to make the tip get in touch with sample surface softly. Experimental results show that with the well-defined fiber optical sensor positioning accuracy and repeatability, the tip-sample distance can be limited in certain range after rough approach with 1mm/s high speed, and the whole AFM tip approach process can be finished in 20s by continuing with mild approach, while the initial tip-sample distance is about 10mm.
Design of Guided Shell Inclination Measurement and Display System Based-on MEMS Accelerometer
Authors: Han Jun Li , Ma Xing , Yang Xiao Hong
Published: April 2014

Based on the analysis of inclination principle Using MEMS acceleration sensor,we design the divided voltage circuit and regulating circuit.This article based on the MCU minimum system,using MEMS acceleration sensor for development and application, and the angle information can be displayed by LCD or PC.The inclination measurement precision can reach ± 0.2 °,so it can be used for measuring the pose of guided shell , airplane, missiles and other aerocraft construction, also can be used in geological exploration and other fields.
Optical and Electrical Properties of P-Type N-Doped ZnO Film
Authors: Sun Ya Juan , Wang Wan Xing
Published: April 2014

Since ZnO is a wide band gap (3.37 eV) semiconductor with a large exitonic binding energy (60 meV), it has been considered as a candidate for various applications, such as ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes and laser diodes. For the applications of ZnO-based optoelectronic devices, it is necessary to produce n and p type ZnO films with the high quality. Since ZnO is naturally n-type semiconductor material due to intrinsic defects, such as oxygen vacancies, zinc interstitials, etc., it is easy to produce n-type ZnO with high quality. However, it is difficult to produce low-resistive and stable p-type ZnO due to its asymmetric doping limitations and the self-compensation effects of the intrinsic defects. According to the theoretical studies, p-type ZnO can be realized using group-V dopants substituting for O, such as N, P and As. Among them, N has been suggested to be an effective acceptor dopant candidate to achieve p-type ZnO, because that nitrogen has a much smaller ionic size than P and As and the energy level of substitutional NOis lower than that of substitutional POand AsO.Transparent p-type ZnO: N thin films have been fabricated using the pulsed laser deposition method at deposition temperatures 800 °C under the O2and N2mixing pressure 6Pa. N-doped ZnO films were deposited on sapphire substrate using metallic zinc (99.999%) as target. The structural, optical and electrical properties of the films were examined by XRD, UV-visit spectra and Hall effect measurement. We found that thin film contain the hexagonal ZnO structure. The Hall effect measurement revealed that the carrier concentration is 5.84×10181/ cm3, and Hall mobility is 0.26 cm2/Vs, electrical resistivity is 4.12ohm-cm. Film thickness is 180nm. Besides, Visible light transmittance is more than 80%, and calculative band-gap is 3.1 eV, which is lower than ZnO.
Control for Multi-DOF Micro-Order Planar Motion Stage Based on Sliding Mode Observer
Authors: Dian Song Yi , Xiang Guo Fei
Published: April 2014

In this paper, a novel partial sensorless control (PSC) has been tailored to multi-DOF precision positioning issue for Sawyer motor-based planar motion stage. For the position estimation, a Sliding Mode Observer based technique has been implemented. We investigate the positioning performance on open-loop, closed-loop and PSC by experiments. The results of experiments have verified that PSC is an available way to maintain travel range and reduce the cost for precise position sensing while without so much sacrifice on positioning accuracy comparing with closed-loop control in all-axis for the stage.
Analysis of Influencing on the Ground Calibration for PIG Based on Seasons
Authors: Liu Hong , Song Xiao Peng , Zhang Guo Jun , Liu Meng Ran , Jian Ze Ming
Published: April 2014

In order to achieve accurate positioning of the detector in the pipeline, explore the affection of the different seasons and soil moisture on the ground calibration, then ground marking studies by MEMS acoustic vector sensor is proposed. To select four seasons in one year to do comparative experiment, analysis the signals and drawn the angle table. Secondly, we select the most accurate period, to research the impact of the dry soil and wet soil. The results show that: The result of direction on Autumn is the most accurate season, the difference between angle of the measurement point and the true angle can be achieve to 1.051 degrees; On Winter, the relative error is the largest, the orientation angle is the most inaccurate; it is more accurate when the soil is dry than it in wet soil. Far-reaching meaning has been provided in this research.
The Triaxial Angular Rate Measurement System Based on Two MEMS Accelerometers Used for Rotating Carrier
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ming , Zhao Dai Di , Shang Jian Yu , Cui Xing , Liu Jun
Published: April 2014

Considering that the MEMS Gyroscope used in rotating carrier has the problems of small range and low measurement accuracy, the tri-axial angular rate measurement system based on two MEMS accelerometers used for rotating carrier was presented in this paper. The system has the advantages of large measurement range, anti-high overload, simple structure, small volume and low price. From the principle of the tri-axial angular rate measurement system, the mathematical model of the system was established and the mechanics model of the system was discussed. The different processing method of the output signal in each condition was summarized based on the mechanics model. Finally, the semi-physical simulation experiment was done to verify these theories. The experimental results show that the system scheme is feasible and has obvious advantages in the range and measurement accuracy.