bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skimmianine: Natural Occurrence, Biosynthesis, Synthesis, Pharmacology
and Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Son Ninh The
Published: December 2022

Background:

For years, plant materials collected from members of the family Rutaceae
have been the subject of various phytochemical and pharmacological studies. In such works, skimmianine
(SM) is a secondary metabolite type furoquinoline alkaloid, which can be seen as a major
component available in medicinal plants of the family Rutaceae. Although there have been numerous
phytochemical and biological experiments, a brief review of this compound is insufficient.

Objective:

The current review with the most aim is to provide information on its natural occurrence,
structural features, biosynthesis, synthesis, pharmacological values, and pharmacokinetic action

Methods:

The list of references was gathered from the following databases: Google Scholar, Pub-
Med, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Medline. In the meantime, “skimmianine” either
alone, or combined “phytochemistry”, “biosynthesis”, “synthesis”, “pharmacology”, and “pharmacokinetics”
was taken into consideration, to search for references.

Results:

Accumulative evidence indicated that many Rutaceae plants, such as genus Zanthoxylum,
were associated with the presence of alkaloid SM. Biosynthesis of organic hetero-tricyclic compound
SM started from anthranilic acid, whereas its short synthetic steps were initially derived from 2,4,7,8-
tetramethoxyquinoline. SM established a great role in pharmaceutical aspect since it possessed antimicrobial,
antiparasitic, antiinsect, antiplatelet, antidiabetic, antiviral, cholinesterase inhibitory, analgesic,
cardiovascular, and estrogenic activities, especially cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity.
Pharmacokinetic progress of SM in rats mostly involved the changes of double bond C2-C3 and
methoxy groups.

Conclusion:

Pharmacological properties justify its usage in drug development. However, some aspects,
such as the extensive mechanism of action, structure-activity relationship, toxicological, and
clinical studies, demand more research.
Quercetin and Its Role in Reducing the Expression of Pro-inflammatory
Cytokines in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Aleebrahim-Dehkordi Elahe , Soveyzi Faezeh , Arian Ali Sam , Hamedanchi Neda Faal , Hasanpour-Dehkordi Ayda , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: December 2022

Osteoarthritis is the most common human joint disease in the world. It is also one of the
most common skeletal muscle defects, destructive joint changes, and the leading cause of disability
and reduced quality of life. Destructive changes in inflammatory joints are associated with a
range of biochemical events, including the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines. Cytokines
are protein compounds that play an essential role in causing and regulating inflammation. A balance
between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is crucial in maintaining a stable
body. In some inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis, the balance between these compounds
is disturbed, and the balance shifts to pre-inflammatory cytokines. For this reason, researchers
today are trying to find an effective way to reduce inflammation and treat osteoarthritis
by using certain compounds. Current treatments for osteoarthritis, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drugs, glucocorticoids, and hyaluronic acid, are mainly based on reducing pain and
inflammation. However, they have limited effects in controlling symptoms and improving the
patient's quality of life. Also, due to the high level of side effects, synthetic drugs have led to the
identification of compounds of natural origin to give patients a chance to use painkillers and antiinflammatory
drugs with fewer side effects. This review study aimed to present the role of quercetin
as a natural compound in reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in osteoarthritis.
This study also discusses the relationship between inflammation and cartilage destruction and
other inflammation-related factors caused by cytokines.
Levothyroxine Sodium - Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy
for Hypothyroidism: A Review of Patent Literature
Authors: Upadhyay Uddeshya , Vora Pratik Ashwinbhai , Patel Rakesh , Prajapati Bijal
Published: December 2022

Background:

Levothyroxine Sodium is a thyroid hormone replacement therapy
for Hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine Sodium is approved to treat Hypothyroidisim, to suppress
thyroid hormone release from cancerous thyroid nodules, and to prevent the growth
of goiters. In addition, it is also used to treat conditions such as myxedema, cretinism, and
obesity.

Objective:

This assessment highlights the overview of the recent patents of Levothyroxine
Sodium. This review includes patents grouped in sections like product patents, process patents,
and composition-related patents, along with the treatment methodology. The objective
of this article is to impel pseudoscientists to all existing patents in a solitary place.

Methods:

Data were gathered from various internet-based resources, including Patentscope
® (WIPO), Worldwide Espacenet® (EPO), Google Patents, and InPASS (Indian
patent database).

Results:

Several new processes and composition-related patents of Levothyroxine Sodium
have been reported. Further, due to the problem of photosensitivity, oxidation during development,
and stability of Levothyroxine Sodium formulation, several excipients are tried
in these patents to stabilize the same. However, the formulation of Levothyroxine Sodium
with better characteristics needs to be developed.

Conclusion:

Extensive exposure has been carried out towards various processes for the
preparation of Levothyroxine Sodium and the composition of the same. This sort of dynamic
exploration will clear the path for many generic players, which will lead to the reduction
of the expense of the composition and accordingly enhance global health care at a
less expensive cost.
Emergency Department Preparedness toward a Future Pandemic: Safety Management Response Pyramid
Authors: Al Haliq Samer , Khraisat Omar , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad , Al Jumaan Mohammed , Alqudah Zainab , Williams Brett
Published: December 2022

Background:

Hospitals and other healthcare facilities play a crucial role in national and local responses to emergencies, such as communicable disease outbreaks. In our region, hospital management has established mechanisms for developing and implementing a hospital emergency safety management program, which is designed to ensure the effective management of the risks of internal and external emergencies, including pandemics.

Aim:

To assess and explore the preparedness of the emergency departments in Saudi Arabia at tertiary hospitals toward a future pandemic.

Methods:

A cross-sectional survey was conducted at tertiary hospitals. One hundred forty healthcare providers who are working in the emergency department were surveyed, and the response rate was 75% (105).

Results:

Participants were predominately female (60 (57.1%)), with a bachelor’s degree (72 (68.6%)) and had more than 10 years of experience in their profession (46 (43.8%)). The study revealed that, namely, the junior emergency department staff were poorly trained on average all areas of pandemic preparedness. Healthcare providers reported that the highest implemented measures related to safety/ infection control, emergency department management, and response were, respectively: support N95 respirator fit testing (2.77 (SD = 0.44)), infection prevention techniques (2.85 (SD = 0.39)) and provide criteria for patient assessment (2.72 (SD = 0.51)). On the other hand, the lowest implemented measures were for a unit pandemic safety plan, palliative care, and determined alternate transport resources with a mean of 2.04 (SD = 0.75), 2.22 (SD = 0.83), and 2.19 (SD = 0.80) respectively.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study support the need for formalized pandemic preparedness training, developing a pandemic safety plan to protect the community and healthcare professionals, improving palliative care during and after the pandemic, and defining strategies to allocate healthcare resources.
A Review on Green Synthesis of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Jyoti Archana , Kushwaha Smriti , Baranwal Jyoti , Singh Swastika
Published: December 2022

In recent decades, green synthesis is increasingly being employed for more environmentally
friendly processes and constitutes one central theme of research and development in both academic and
industrial chemistry. “Green Chemistry” refers to the design of products and processes that imply the
reduction or elimination of substances that are harmful to life or the environment. Due to the benefits of
green synthesis, such as reduced waste and expense, not just pharmaceutical firms but also other chemical
industries have begun to take steps towards it. Green synthesis techniques include using green solvents,
catalysts, and other materials. This review article illustrates the utilization of sustainable methods in the
synthesis of biologically active compounds via different green methodologies, such as green solvents,
green catalyst, green media, etc. We hope that this chapter will provide a quick overview of the different
aspects of green chemistry.
Nanomaterials: Potential Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Chidre Prabhurajeshwar , Chavan Ashajyothi , Mallikarjunaiah Navya Hulikunte , Revanasiddappa Kelmani Chandrakanth
Published: December 2022

Nanotechnology is a promising science with new aspects to fight and prevent various diseases
using nanomaterials. The capability to expose the structure and functions of biosystems at the
nanoscale level supports research leading to development in biology, biotechnology, medicine and
healthcare. This is predominantly advantageous in treating microbial infections as an alternative to antibiotics.
However, widespread production, and use and misuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence
of multiple-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria. Due to infectious diseases from these
drug-resistant pathogenic strains, human mortality rates have consistently increased and are becoming
an epidemic in our society. Consequently, there is a strong demand for developing novel strategies and
new materials that can cope with these problems. The emergence of nanotechnology has created many
new antimicrobial options. The small size of these nanomaterials is suitable for carrying out biological
operations. Several metals and metal oxides, such as silver, copper, gold, zinc oxide and iron oxide
nanoparticle types, have shown toxicity toward several pathogenic microbes. Metal-based nanoparticles
have been broadly examined for a set of biomedical applications. According to the World Health
Organization, the reduced size and selectivity of metal-based nanoparticles for bacteria have established
them to be effective against pathogens, causing concern. Metal-based nanoparticles are known
to have non-specific bacterial toxicity mechanisms, which not only make the development of resistance
by bacteria difficult, but also widen the spectrum of antibacterial activity. Metal-based nanoparticle
efficiency studies achieved so far have revealed promising results against both Gram-positive
and Gram-negative bacteria. Here we discuss the potential nanomaterials to either treat microbial resistance
or induce the development of resistance. However, fundamental research is required to focus
on the molecular mechanism causing the antimicrobial activity of nanomaterials.
Managerial skills as a determinant of international negotiation
Authors: Gonzalez Marin Yesid , Arias Vargas Francisco Javier , Garcés Giraldo Luis Fernando
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The development of managerial skills during the last two decades, in managers, makes a great difference in the effectiveness of employees and theorganization's overall performance. The difficulties evoked by managers involved in international business are due to socio-cultural differences, legal conditions, and lifestyles. Objective: To analyze managerial skills as a function of international business. Reflection: Under a commercial relations approach, managerial skills are acquired and learned to produce expected results with maximum certainty that allow companies to expand their markets globally. Conclusions: The traditional approaches referred to managerial skills in terms of the competencies to be achieved by managers in organizations are based on leadership, understood as the ability to train and developcommon actions, under common objectives.
The Gendered Revolutionary Body: Memory and Resistance in "Torre das Donzelas"
Authors: Rashkin Elissa J.
Published: December 2022

In her 2018 documentary Torre das Donzelas (Maidens’ Tower), Susanna Lira explores the experiences of women who were political prisoners during the dictatorship via interviews and a spatial recreation of the women’s cellblock of the Tiradentes prison, known as the Torre das Donzelas. Lira creatively employs set design and sound as discursive elements that complement the women’s testimony and broaden its portrayal of memory and haunting; moreover, as this article argues, the older women (senhoras) who embody past and present political resistance enable the film to contest conventional expectations regarding guerrillas, political prisoners, and the romantic, masculine notion of revolution.
Improved micropropagation and salinity tolerance of strawberry (Fragaria X ananssa L) cv. Albion
Authors: Alhamza Juameer Raghad Abd , Assi Obaid Ayad , Ayed Yousif Shatha
Published: December 2022

Gamma-ray has been used to increase genetic variation to obtain salt-tolerant plants in strawberries.The protocol was established to multiply strawberry cv. Albion from runner segments cultured on multiplication Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium contain 0.5 mg l-1 of 6-benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.1 mg l-1 of Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Cultures were irradiated with gamma rays at (0, 20, 50, 100) Gy after 30 days, and the irradiated and unirradiated shoots were exposed to different concentrations of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) (6,10,14, 22) dS m-1. The results showed the superiority of doses 20 and 50 Gy in giving the highest rate of the number of shoots reached (9.25 and 8.44) shoot explant-1. The treatment 6 dS m-1 NaCl with 20 Gy was superior in giving the highest fresh

4.75 g and dry weight 0.36 g. A significant increase of proline was observed in the shoots irradiated with a dose of 50 Gy and grown on a medium with 22 mg l-1 of NaCl, as it reached 34.36 (‎µm‎ proline g-1 fresh weight) compared 6 dS m-1 and unirradiated media and the highest enzyme activity of (POD) was )263.50 units g-1 FW ( when treated with 100 Gy grown on a medium with 22 ds m-1 of salt. While the dose exceeded 20 Gy without adding salt, as it gave the highest activity of (CAT) enzyme, reaching )4.042 units g-1 FW(. It was observed that multiplication was generally restricted, depending on the increase in salt applications and gamma rays.

Keywords: BA, NAA, Fragaria, Micropropagation, mutation gamma ray. Salt tolerance.
Impact of organic, biological and mineral fertilizations on the mineral content of potato sprouts and tubers planted in gypsum soils
Authors: Sahar Alhamadani Najm Abdallah , Al Ma'amery A. A. K.
Published: December 2022

The study was carried out during the 2021 spring planting season at the Fallujah palm station belonging to the Department of Horticulture, the Ministry of Agriculture, in gypsum soil to study the Impact of organic Fertilization and inoculation with P.sudomonas bacteria, Trichoderma harzanium and Mineral fertilization on the growth and yield of potatoes of Burren variety, Experiment included three factors. The addition of fertilization recommendation by 100% ( M100) led to a significant increase in the content of major nutrients (N, P, K) in the vegetative part, which amounted to 1.35, 0.25 and 1.42 percent, respectively, and in the tubers which amounted to 1.22, 0.21 and 1.28%, respectively. And the starch in the tubers reached 12.89 g. plant-1, while adding half of the Fertilization recommendation (M50) gave the lowest rates for the traits mentioned earlier. The double and triple interactions gave significant results in growth characteristics, yield and mineral content.

Keywords: Potatoes, Organic fertilization, Bio-fertilizations, Mineral fertilization, yield.
Effect of D-Aspartic acid on the level of some sex hormones and the biochemical parameters of the blood of Shami Bucks
Authors: Ahmad Ali Shehab , Sabbar Atiyah Safaa
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted at the Animal Production Department/ College of the Agriculture/ University of Diyala from 15/9/2021 to 15/10/2021 to investigate the effect of injecting D-aspartic amino acid in Shami Bucks on some blood biochemical and hormonal characteristics. Twelve's Shami Bucks aged between 1.5-2 years, and body weight ranged between 35-40 kg. The animals were divided into four groups (treatments) with three replicates among each group as follows, T1 (control group) was injected with normal saline only, T2, T3 and T4 groups were injected i.m. with D-aspartic acid as follows, 125 mg, 250 mg and 375 mg for T2, T3 and T4 groups respectively, every 48 hours in the afternoon. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein, and serum was taken and stored at -20 ° C until analyzed. The results of the present study also indicated significant differences (P<0.05) of FSH (1.37±2.59, 1.45±0.89, 1.87±1.76 and 0.77±0.45) and LH (1.96±1.56, 2.19 ± 0.22, 2.22±1.44 and 1.11±1.30) respectively for the T2, T3 and T4 treatments as compared with the T1 (control group). The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of total protein (6.23±0.02, 6.26±0.39, 6.46±1.23 and 4.35±0.12), albumin (4.36±1.24, 4.56±1.00, 4.75±1.34 and 3.34±0.11), globulin (1.87±1.33, 1.70±0.11, 1.71±0.01 and 1.01±1.22) and blood urea (6.45±0.23, 6.43±1.39, 6.56±1.56 and 5.22±1.25) respectively for the T2, T3 and T4 treatments as compared with the T1 (control group). While no significant differences between all experimental treatments in the concentrations of thyroid hormones (T4, T3), cholesterol and triglycerides. It can be concluded from the present study that injection of D-aspartic acid had a significant effect on some biochemical blood traits and the level of pituitary sex hormones.

Keywords: D-Aspartic acid, Shami Bucks, biochemical parameters, sex hormones
Study of genetic analysis of individual hybrids derived by the half-diallel cross of some Lycopersicon esculantum mill
Authors: Abd Al-Shammari Aziz Mahdi , Hamid Al- Obaiday Abdul Rasoul
Published: December 2022

The study was conducted for the first season of 2020 in the field of the College of Agriculture \ Diyala University which the seeds of the first generation F1 hybrids were produced for six strains that were selected according to the genetic distance among them and resulted in 15 hybrids by applying for the half diallel crossing program. In the second year, the seeds of individual hybrids were planted with their parents and a hybrid Commercial common boob cat for comparison within a field experiment to evaluate the field performance of these produced hybrids according to the design of complete randomized sectors and with three replications. The differences were tested according to the LSD test. The result showed that the highest hybrid strength compared with the highest parents for the trait of plant height 43.34 cm, number of fruits 48.20%, plant yield 77.27%, TSS ratio 41.83%, fruit content of vitamin C 33% and sugar content 25.86% for the above traits, respectively. As for the common commercial hybrid, Boob cat was 64.20%, 121.23%, 43.92%, 55%, 109.36% and 46.65%, respectively. As for the union ability, the father gave c.c. Orang (5) had the highest general combined ability for plant height which amounted to 3.972. For the number of fruits, plant yield and TSS, Father Rose (1) showed the highest general union ability, which amounted to 4.136, 0.358 and 0.095, respectively, while the vitamin C and sugars ratio were recorded by the fathers (5) Red P.t (2) and Amish Pa.(4). The highest general federating ability amounted to 1.937 and 0.975 respectively while the highest union ability for plant height in 1×5 hybrids reached 33.375 and for TSS and sugars the hybrid showed1×3The highest ability of a particular union was 1.60 and 1.77, respectively. Regarding the characteristics of fruit number and yield of a plant, the 1×2 hybrid was superior in a proportion of 16.71 and 1.11 for vitamin C, and the 3×4 hybrid was superior in a ratio of 8.06. As for the percentage of heritability was high compared to the strict sense, indicating the importance of non-host gene action of genes in the inheritance and manifestation of the trait. The mean of the degree of dominance was higher than one for all the mentioned traits, which evidences the participation of super dominance of genes in the manifestation of the trait. Keywords: half-diallel, boob cat, genetic distance, Lycopersicon esculantum
Detection of heat shock protein 70 genes (HSP70) polymorphism and its relationship with some productive and reproductive traits in local Iraqi goat
Authors: Razoqi Waheb Oras , AL-Azzawi Salih Hassan
Published: December 2022

The study was conducted on 30 local goats in the Diyala / Al-Khalis governorate belonging to goat breeders. The experimental samples' laboratory work was completed in the College of Agriculture - the University of Diyala and the Office of Scientific Progress - Al-Harithiya - Baghdad from 11/13/2021 to 6/7/ 2022. This study is to demonstrate the relationship between the genetic phenotypes of the heat shock gene (HSP70)in the productive and reproductive to the reproductive and effective performance of local Iraqi female goats. The percentage of genotypes for the C1653T mutation site in the goat sample was 53%, 37% and 10% for the CC, CT and TT genotypes, respectively, and the allelic frequency were 0.71 and 0.29 for the C and T alleles, respectively. The chi-square value was not significant between the genotypes. The genetics indicates that the population is in a state of (Hardy Weinberg) equilibrium (p < 0.05), which suggests that there is no selection pressure in favor of a specific genetic structure for this genetic locus. This mutation had a high effect (P<0.01) on the mortality rate, where the CT genotype was 27% superior to the two genotypes CC, which was 13%, and then the TT genotype had no mortality. As for the traits of milk production (daily and total), it was observed through this study that there was a balance for this mutation in this direction so that there is resistance to heat stress, which negatively affects milk production as the animal is in a state of harmony between resistance to heat stress and milk production. As for growth traits, the C1653T mutation had no significant effect on growth traits. There were no significant differences between the birth weight and weight gain genotypes. Still, concerning the importance of weaning, it was noted that the CC and TT genotypes were superior to the CT genotype (11.92 and 11.92). 11.70 and 10.17) kg, respectively. Keywords: Hsp70, Milk, litter size.Polymorphism, Iraqi goats.
Government Challenges in Simplifying Tobacco Excise Rate Structure to Minimize Excise Avoidance of Cigarette Manufacturer in Indonesia
Authors: Tambunan Maria R.U.D. , Nurvrianto M. Nova
Published: December 2022

The aim of this research is to analyses the government challenge to simplify tobacco excise rate structure to minimize excise avoidance potentially performed by Cigarette Manufacture in Indonesia. Indonesia government manages to simplify the structure of tobacco excise rate from previously 12 layers into 5 layers as planned in 4 years roadmap (2018 - 2021). The aim of this initiative is to minimize excise avoidance practices, that is expected to optimize tobacco excise revenues. This policy involves various actors and gets the pros and cons of stakeholders. Basically, simplifying tobacco rate structure objective should be to discourage cigarettes consumption. This research is descriptive qualitative research, data was collected through desk study and field study through in-depth interview with key informants. The results showed that consumption control before and after the initiatives (regulated by 146 /PMK.10 /2017) did not show a positive trend. Meanwhile, there was an intervention from the tobacco industry on the process of policy formulation and the difficulty of getting agreement in the policy formulation process from related stakeholders. Finally, the initiative to further simplifying the layers has been decided to postpone in 2019.This research clearly shows that competition among stakeholders exists. The government even on the difficulty and dilemma situation to make policy decision on what priority it should undertake firstly.
Assessing E-Leadership in the Public Sector during the COVID-19 Pandemic in ASEAN
Authors: Dwianto Rahmad Agus
Published: December 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic period is a challenge for leaders, which has spurred the implementation of e-leadership, especially in the public sector. This article discusses changes in public sector e- leadership practices in ASEAN countries. The research was based on a qualitative research design. Data analysis used NVivo application on secondary data from various recent scientific articles and World Bank data. The results show that the practice of e-leadership in the public sector has experienced a multiplicity of changes that have affected several aspects including organizational culture, time management, use of information technology in carrying out tasks, and meeting media. Digital literacy, transparency, and time hours indicators are important in assessing the condition of e-leadership before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Multitasking remains a challenge during crises. Leadership ability and knowledge of leadership in digital technology is one of key factors that influence success
Collective Organizational Engagement to Enhance Organizational Performance: Case of Indonesia Office Services
Authors: Rulinawaty Rulinawaty , Darojat Ojat , Sudrajat Ajat
Published: December 2022

To increase the awareness on the role of employee engagement besides the individual analysis level and a lack of studies focused on the employee’s involvement at the level of organizational, the study aims at investigating the antecedents of COE as mediating variable to increase the organizational performance. The study was conducted for 6 months to enable a deep understanding and evaluation on organizational performance. A non-purposive sampling with purpose sampling technique deployed with multi resources respondent represented organizations method (top manager, middle managers, head department and selected employee). Data analyzed for 380 respondents with Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS 22. Statistical outputs described that the green work design, OCB Organizational Resources, and Innovative Concordance Culture highly considered as the antecedent of COE in developing the organizational performance. The findings also claimed that all hypotheses proposed are accepted. This study strengthens the relationship between the COE and HRM and Enbridge the gaps existed which is informed and extended the area of field research. In another hand, this research contributed on engagement in some ways, such as extending the study on the engagement in the level of organization and provided the solutions secondly, investigating the COE as a main mechanism of the most crucial human resources. This research also developed the antecedents of COE and also highlighted how the top management could strategically increase the performance based on the organizational resources and the leverage the collective engagement continuously pursuit the strategic organizational goals.
Mitigating Youth Unemployment through Pre-service experience Acquisition under Parent-Employer Collaborative arrangements
Authors: Kymabadde Kiyita M.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the possibility and challenges of redressing graduate unemployment through parent-employer collaboration that revolves around of remuneration of pre-service em-ployment. The paper used a qualitative research design involving a review of grey literature from published articles and reports on theories and challenges of global, regional and Uganda’s youth unemployment, particularly graduate unemployment and the strategies being applied to mitigate it. Paper findings show the potential for adopting the proposal, given the benefits it is likely to generate for parents, fresh graduates, employers and the government. The proposed arrangement equips fresh graduates with practical working experience which enhanc-es job prospects; employer obtains value added from fresh graduate services at lower cost, and an opportunity to recruit the graduate as a permanent employee; the parent enjoys reduced cost incurred on spending on endless search for jobs by students. Both the government and society benefit through lower social costs due to reduced time graduates spend unemployed as well as greater contribution realized from their work. Findings make significant contribution to knowledge and practice on alleviating graduate unemployment, through parent-employer col-laboration that generates benefits for parents, fresh graduates, employers and the government
Good Governance, International Organization and Policy Transfer: A Case of Indonesian Bureaucratic Reform Policy
Authors: Arwanto Arwanto , Anggraini Wike
Published: December 2022

In this paper we discuss the connection between the concept of good governance and bureaucratic reform policy. Improving bureaucracy performance can be achieved by implementing good governance. However, another argument posits the notion that bureaucratic reform can lead the way to achieving good governance. Therefore, this paper assesses the relationship between the concept of good governance and bureaucratic reform in Indonesia. The research was based on content analysis technique that analysed the relevancy of good governance criteria and content of policy document, which were supplemented by interviews. Subsequently policy analysis was done using a policy transfer lens. Research findings showed that good governance influences Indonesian bureaucratic reform policy and international organizations have played significant part in influencing the Indonesian government to adopt good governance.
Impact of Agile Organization and Leadership on Employee Experience: Case Study UPTD (Technical Implementing Service Unit) Digital Service Center, Geospatial Data and Information of West Java Provincial Government (Jabar Digital Service)
Authors: Adhikersa Ridhwan , Kumorotomo Wahyudi , Djunaedi Achmad , Hadna Agus Heruanto
Published: December 2022

This research is a mixed study that analyzes the implementation of agile organization and agile leadership, and analyzes the impact of its implementation on employee experience at the Technical Implementing Service Unit Digital Service Center, Geospatial Data and Information of West Java Provincial Government called Jabar Digital Service (JDS) This research was conducted by searching for information on civil servants (PNS) and ex- pert employees about organizational and leadership methods applied in Jabar Digital Service. Concepts of agile organization and agile leadership and researching quantitatively the perception of employee experience of expert employees on the implementation of agile conceptions to organization and leadership in Jabar Digital Service using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial Least Square (PLS) method was compared. This study shows that the implementation of agile organization and agile leadership can be applied in government organizations that are in fact rigid about change which is also shown by the level of positive perception of expert employees on the employee experience in the Jabar Digital Service environment.
Mahathir Mohamad in Public Policy and Politics of Malaysia
Authors: Haryono Endi , Ziegenhain Patrick
Published: December 2022

This article deals with the political and social achievements, but also the shortcomings of Mahathir Mohamad as the long-term prime minister of Malaysia. Based on a thorough and critical literature review the authors discuss first Mahathir’s reaction to the financial crisis in 1997/98 and the upcoming reformasi movement. Then, they analyze the conditions for the re-emergence of Mahathir as opposition leader in the mid-2010s and his role in the surprising election victory of the Pakatan Harapan coalition in 2018. Mahathir, a charismatic leader in Malaysia during the 1980s and 1990s, has contributed an important role in the development and change of politics in Malaysia. The victory of the opposition coalition in the 2018 election would be hardly possible without him. His political comeback prior to the election made headlines in Malaysian media and raised high hopes for a more democratic Malaysia.
AI-Based Chatbot
Authors: Saxena Aarush
Published: December 2022

Abstract: A chatbot is software used to develop interaction between a user/human and a computer/system in natural language, similar to human chats. Chatbots converse with the customer in a discussion following input from a human and a response to the customer. It makes the user believe that he is chatting with a human while chatting with the computer. The chatbot application helps the student to get information about the college admission process and get quick answers from anywhere with an internet connection. This chatbot system reduces the workload of the admissions department by providing students or parents with the information they need and also reduces the workload of the department, which has to constantly answer all the students' questions.
A Comparative Study of Bamboo Reinforced Vs Steel Reinforced Concrete Structure
Authors: Rathod Swatej
Published: December 2022

Abstract: The building industry is the leading consumer of energy and materials in the majority of nations. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tensile strength. To obtain tensile strength, steel is added as reinforcement in concrete. Bamboo has a high compressive and tensile strength. As a result, the use of bamboo as a structural building material is gaining popularity, Bamboo is one of the oldest building materials on the planet. Bamboo is been used for bridges, scaffolding, dwellings, and other temporary structures from early times. This review paper is a theoretical demonstration of the extensive use of bamboo as reinforcement in construction and its detailed use in substitution for steel. The goal is to find ways to make the use of bamboo reinforced concrete beams simple, efficient, and cost-effective
Algorithm for Calculating the Parameters of a Garden Boom Sprayer for Pesticide Application
Authors: Smirnov I. G. , Lichman G. I. , Marchenko L. A.
Published: December 2022

Abstract. It is noted that for the rational use of pesticides in industrial horticulture, it is necessary to reduce their consumption practicing the local treatment of each plant, uniform distribution of the working fluid at a set rate while treating a tree’s or a shrub’s crown. The analysis of the technical equipment of modern industrial horticulture in Russia reveals an insufficient level of mechanization in terms of managing the parameters of both the technological process and machinery. (Research purpose) To develop an algorithm for calculating the parameters of a boom garden sprayer when treating fruit plants with pesticides, to ensure their high-quality application, reduce losses and eliminate the risks of environmental pollution. (Materials and methods) The research is based on analytical methods of optimization offered by applied mathematics, the theory of choosing the parameters of agricultural mobile machines, criteria for assessing the quality of the working fluid distribution during the fruit plant treatment, data on the crown shape of the trees and shrubs being cultivated. (Results and discussion) It was established that the amount of working fluid per unit length of the perimeter and the quality of distribution depend on the shape of the spray jet distribution diagram, the degree of the distribution diagrams overlap, the distance between the boom and the tree’s or shrub’s axis of symmetry, the distance of the nozzles from the boom, the shape of the distribution diagram. Analytical dependencies were obtained to calculate the rate (dose) of pesticides and the quality of their distribution over the treated surface. (Conclusions) An algorithm for the analytical calculation of a boom garden sprayer parameters was developed, which makes it possible to evaluate the impact on the rate of applying pesticides and on the quality of distributing the pesticide working liquid, characterized by the variation coefficient. At the same time, the following parameters were taken into account: the distribution diagram of the pesticide working fluid, the number of nozzles on the vertical sprayer boom, the height of their location on the boom, the distance from the boom to the crown surface, the distance between the boom and the trunk of the tree treated, the crown perimeter. The algorithm was verified for specific parameter values: the distance of 1.0 meter from the vertical boom to the axis of the tree (shrub) trunk; the distance of 0.5 meter between the nozzles and the vertical bar, the height of the nozzles on the vertical bar of 0.3, 0.8 and 1.3 meter, the working fluid flow rate of 2.5 liters per minute, the coefficient characterizing the distribution diagram of 5.61. The dose of the pesticide working solution to apply was calculated as follows: 174.6 liters per hectare with a coefficient of variation of 4.94 percent, which corresponds to the agrotechnical requirements.
Development of a Distributor Disc for Mineral Fertilizers With Variable Application Rate
Authors: Teterin V. S. , Panferov N. S. , Pekhnov S. A.
Published: December 2022

Most of the cultivated fields in Russia are acknowledged to have irregular contours, therefore mineral fertilizers are applied irrationally at the field boundaries. To eliminate this problem, the manufacturers of solid mineral fertilizer spreaders offer several technological solutions: in most cases, the application area is limited by changing the granule flight path. (Research purpose) To develop a distributor disc for a variable application area to use in mineral fertilizer spreaders equipped with variable rate application systems. (Materials and methods) The trajectory for applying mineral fertilizer granules was estimated depending on the bend angle of the distributor disk blade. We designed 3D disk models with a variable blade bend angle from 0 to 25 degrees, which were uploaded into the RealFlow program for the subsequent simulation of solid mineral fertilizer distribution. (Results and discussion) The coordinates were obtained for mineral fertilizer granules that dropped from the disk and landed on the surface. We built graphs of the mineral fertilizer distribution on the field surface. It was found out that changing the bend angle of the distributor disc blade within a 20-degree range makes it possible to vary the granule flight path within 10 meters of width and 8 meters of length, respectively. We developed a design of a mineral fertilizer distributor disk with an adjustable application rate. (Conclusions) A disk design was proposed for a smooth change in the blade bend angle within up to 25 degrees, which will allow the use of this system in conjunction with automated rate application systems, improve the distribution accuracy of solid mineral fertilizers and ameliorants in the boundary, edge and wedge-shaped sections of fields.
Principles of Forming Machine and Technology Systems for Integrated Mechanization and Automation of Technological Processes in Crop Production
Authors: Lobachevskiy Y. P. , Tsench Y. S.
Published: December 2022

It is noted that the urgent need for improving the country's food supply, expanding the range of field crop cultivation led to the shift from the development of single machines to creating machine systems, that is, complexes of well-balanced, coordinated integrated technologies and technical means. (Research purpose) To determine the principles of forming a machine and technology system, that reflect the state and development of mechanized and automated processes of agricultural production in certain periods of the country economy development. (Materials and methods) It is found out that for achieving this goal, it was necessary to fundamentally change the approach to creating new machines and equipment, to shift from the segmental development of single, unrelated machines to creating technical complexes, well-balanced and coordinated technically and technologically, and able to perform full cycles of work on cultivating a wide range of crops, in other words, to start creating Machine Systems. (Results and discussion) It is identified that during the implementation of the Machine Systems, there were created effective complexes of agricultural machinery in our country: high-speed arable and tilled tractors of various classes, self-propelled grain and forage harvesters, and other important types of agricultural machines. (Conclusions) It is proved that the continuously developing scientific and technical potential ensured the solution of major national economic problems, including the creation of Machine Systems. It is established that as the Machine Systems evolved, priority was given to improving reliability, safety, energy and resource saving, power/weight ratio, expanding functionality, multiplicativity, improving operators’ working conditions, quality of work, unifying components, and further increasing productivity.
Put to the test: science communication in crisis situations
Authors: Guenther Lars
Published: December 2022

Risk and crisis situations can put science communication to the test, but systematic approaches to science communication in relation to crisis communication are still missing. “Science communication in times of crisis”, edited by Pascal Hohaus and published in 2022, is about this relationship. The book review provides an overview, a summary, and a short criticism of this edited volume. As will be outlined, while the book is a valuable contribution to the field, its overall aims could have been more strongly tied together.
A Network of Argumentation Schemes and Critical Questions
Authors: Pyon Sung-Jun , Ri Yong-Sok
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we devise a network that consists of argumentation schemes and critical questions that participants in debates can use to easily construct arguments that attack or support former arguments. As a prototype, we build a potential network of argumentation schemes and critical questions with a practical reasoning scheme at its center. The usefulness of a NASCQ in constructing and reconstructing complex arguments and in formal argumentation is also explored along with argumentation more broadly.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TRUST DENGAN SELF DISCLOSURE PADA REMAJA PUTRI PENGGUNA TIKTOK
Authors: Boer Pradana Yitami , Pratama Mario
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTIntroduction There is an increase in the use of social media, one of which is TikTok social media which is dominated by teenagers, especially young women. The aim of this research is to find out the relationship between trust and self disclosure in young women using TikTok in Padang City.

Methods In this study using quantitative methods with a population of young women who are domiciled in the city of Padang. The sample in this study was 209 respondents and used purposive sampling technique. The measuring instrument uses a trust scale and a self disclosure scale.

Results Based on the results of the analysis using product moment analysis, the correlation coefficient (R) = 0.595 with a significant value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05) means that there is a positive relationship between trust and self-disclosure in young women using TikTok in Padang City.

Conclusions Thus, it shows that the higher the trust, the higher the level of self-disclosure among young women using TikTok in Padang City.

Keywords: trust, self disclosure, adolescent women using TikTok

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan Terjadinya peningkatan penggunaan media sosial, salah satunya media sosial TikTok yang didominasi oleh remaja khususnya remaja putri. Penelitian yang dilakukan memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara trust dengan self disclosure pada remaja putri pengguna TikTok di Kota Padang.

Metode Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan populasi remaja putri yang domisili di Kota Padang. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 209 responden dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Alat ukur menggunakan skala trust dan skala self disclosure.

Hasil Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan analisis product moment didapatkan koefisien yang korelasi (R) = 0.595 dengan nilai signifikan sebesar p= 0,000 (p< 0,05) artinya terdapat hubungan yang positif antara trust dengan self disclosure pada remaja putri pengguna TikTok di Kota Padang.

Kesimpulan Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi trust maka akan semakin tinggi tingkat self disclosure pada remaja putri pengguna TikTok di Kota Padang.

Kata kunci: trust, self disclosure, remaja putri pengguna TikTok
Penelitian Hukum Interdisipliner Reza Banakar: Urgensi dan Desain Penelitian Sosio-legal
Authors: Afandi Fachrizal
Published: December 2022

How to position the socio-legal studies concept within legal research is to cause heated debate in Indonesia and other countries. One of the leading scholars in the field who is widely recognised as a socio-legal theorist and has dedicated his time to answering this inquiry is Professor Reza Banakar. He is a scholar and researcher who has intensively published his works on socio-legal theory and methodology. As Banakar believed, at the theoretical level, it is necessary to emphasise the need to consider and integrate internal legal views with external legal views where the lawyers’ perspective must be integrated with the social environment. Besides, the need for a more reflective perspective of legal scholars on the law. Both of which must be able to transcend the dichotomy between law and society. Considering that only a few legal scholars understand how to conduct empirical research, Banakar offers eight-point guidelines for designing socio-legal research. Starting from how to determine research topics, write the literature review, formulate problems, write theoretical frameworks, research methods, research ethics, collect and analyse data and draw conclusions.

Abstrak

Pertanyaan tentang bagaimana seharusnya memosisikan konsep dasar studi sosio-legal di antara aras penelitian hukum telah menjadi perdebatan yang telah lama terjadi baik di Indonesia maupun di negara-negara lain. Salah satu nama besar dalam dunia akademik hukum yang dikenal luas sebagai akademisi dan teoretisi terkemuka yang mendedikasikan waktunya untuk menekuni perdebatan ini adalah Profesor Reza Banakar. Dia dikenal sebagai penulis dan peneliti yang secara intensif memublikasikan karya-karyanya yang fokus pada metodologi dan teori sosio-legal. Dalam tataran teoretis, menurutnya perlu ditekankan pentingnya mempertimbangkan dan memadukan pandangan hukum internal dengan pandangan hukum eksternal di mana perspektif praktisi hukum harus terintegrasi dengan lingkungan sosial selain juga perlunya sudut pandang ilmuwan tentang hukum yang lebih reflektif yang keduanya harus mampu melampaui batasan dikotomi antara hukum dan masyarakat. Menyadari bahwa tidak banyak penstudi hukum yang memahami bagaimana melakukan penelitian empiris, Banakar menawarkan delapan poin panduan untuk merancang penelitian sosio-legal. Dimulai dari bagaimana menentukan topik penelitian, tinjauan pustaka, merumuskan permasalahan, menulis kerangka teori, menulis metode penelitian, pentingnya etika penelitian, data serta menulis analisis dan kesimpulan yang baik.