bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interdisciplinary pressure cooker: environmental risk communication skills for the next generation
Authors: Cumiskey Lydia , Lickiss Matthew , Šakić Trogrlić Robert , Ali Javed
Published: November 2019

Abstract. This article presents a “pressure cooker” approach for building
interdisciplinary risk communication capacity in young professionals via
an intensive 24 h workshop. The event successfully brought together 35
participants from around the world to work on real-world environmental
hazard/risk communication challenges for two areas in Mexico. Participants
worked in interdisciplinary teams, following a three-step iterative process,
with support from mentors and a range of specialists to develop risk
communication outputs. Feedback surveys indicate that the workshop met its
goal of improving participants' knowledge of risk communication and
interdisciplinary working. The workshop resulted in an interdisciplinary
community of researchers and practitioners, including organisers,
participants and supporting specialists, which was still active after the event. It is
recommended that such interdisciplinary workshops are used to build the capacity
to tackle complex challenges, such as risk communication, but they require
further testing. Insights into the design and implementation of such
interdisciplinary workshops are given (e.g. team design, use of preparatory
materials, and engagement of specialists and local stakeholders are
presented), including critiques of challenges raised by the workshop
participants. Guidance is provided to those interested in applying a
pressure cooker approach and further adaptations of the approach are
welcomed.
Seismic hazard maps of Peshawar district for various return periods
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Khan Usman , Iqbal Qaiser , Ahmad Naveed
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Peshawar District has been conducted in for a grid size of 0.01. The seismic sources for the target location are defined as the area polygon with uniform seismicity for which, the earthquake catalogues were obtained from different worldwide seismological network data. The earthquake catalogues obtained in different magnitude scale was converted into moment magnitude using regression analysis. The homogenized catalogue was then further subdivided into shallow crustal and deep subduction zone earthquake events for which, the seismic source parameters were obtained using Bounded Gutenberg-Richter Recurrence law. The seismic hazard maps were prepared in term of PGA at bedrock using the different ground motion attenuation relationships. The study shows that; the selection of appropriate ground motion prediction equation is an important factor in deciding the seismic hazard of Peshawar District. The inclusion of deep subduction earthquake does not add significantly to the seismic hazard. The calculated seismic hazard map for shallow crustal earthquake after including the epistemic uncertainty was in close agreement to that developed by BCP-2007 for a return period of 475 years on bedrock. The seismic hazard maps for other return periods i.e., 50, 100, 250, 475 and 2500 years were then prepared.
What Can Our Writing Do in the World?: The Feminist Praxis of Publishing Student Writing
Authors: Savonick Danica
Published: November 2019

In the digital age, scholars are increasingly arguing that one of the best ways to teach writing is by assigning students to write for audiences beyond the classroom. In this article, I argue that this praxis of publishing student writing is not merely a response to the internet, but has also been crucial to genealogies of feminist pedagogy, and that attending to this genealogy can help us think in more nuanced terms about the transformative potential of publishing student writing today.
Mapping Queer Space(s) of Praxis and Pedagogy
Authors: Gogats Jake
Published: November 2019

In this re-view of Mapping Queer Space(s) of Praxis and Pedagogy, I eschew standards of book reviewing and instead aim to provide a pedagogical model for reading the text in question. By writing in a "scattered" format inspired by one of the text's chapters, I both show and tell the reader the effect the text has had on me. Rather than focusing on summary and evaluation, then, I write primarily about the different uses of "queer" in different chapters as a way of introducing the reader to queer studies and exemplifying a genuine response to the experience of reading the book.
White Fears of Dispossession: Dreyer's English, The Elements of Style, and the Racial Mapping of English Discourse
Authors: Lisabeth Laura
Published: November 2019

Dreyer's English, by Benjamin Dreyer, the Senior Copy Editor for Random House, and Strunk and White's The Elements of Style are two extraordinarily popular and commercially successful guides to English language usage that belong to a genre best described as discursive maps for language as racialized, classed and gendered territory. This review traces the history of these books to the nineteenth century "conversation handbooks" and etiquette guides that became popular in a time of shifting class boundaries Precise prescriptives for behavior and for polite conversation helped the aspirational middle-class groom themselves for genteel company. Many of these guides were published during the Reconstruction Era, and were filled with dispositions toward correct language that communicate a kind of outrage from fear of social, cultural and economic dispossession, a telltale mark of White Supremacy. These dispositions still exist in the rhetoric of both Dreyer and E.B. White and are carried through the structural racism of standardized English into educational spaces. Discourses of meritocracy are found in both the classroom and the global neoliberal workplace where "English has been turned into a product (in all senses of the word)..."Though the promotion of English is presented as a way of expanding one’s multilingual resources, it reduces one’s repertoire, as it is often learned/taught at the cost of local languages” (Canagarajah 13). As Canagarajah sees "multilingual communities [finding] spaces for voice, renegotiation, and resistance” (Translingual Practices 56), so can we make students aware of the gatekeeping and power of English by sharing its historical context.
Examining interaction effects among land-use policies to reduce household vehicle travel: An exploratory analysis
Authors: Choi Kwangyul , Paterson Robert
Published: November 2019

Numerous studies have suggested that land-use policies can reduce vehicle travel through mode shifting and reduced trip lengths and generation of fewer or more efficient trips. The findings from previous studies also suggest that the combined effect of two or more land-use policies can be significant, although the effects of individual policies appear to be modest. These studies present area-wide impacts of land-use policies on travel and suggest that their effects are additive. However, very little is known about how each land-use policy interacts with the others at different levels of development intensity to reduce vehicle travel. In this study, we explore how three well-known land-use strategies (densification, mixed-use development, and street network improvement) interact with each other by testing possible combinations of land-use factors and focus on how these interactive effects vary by the level of development intensity. Employing ordinary least squares regression analysis using a dataset created for the Austin metropolitan statistical area (MSA) (using 2006 Austin Travel Survey data), we examine the impact of land use on household vehicle travel. Our findings suggest that interaction effects occur, but they vary by development intensity. The results of this study show the importance of considering both threshold (development intensity) and interaction (combination of policies) effects in understanding how land-use factors do and do not affect travel (based on their interactive opposed to only their direct and additive effects). Though this paper uses data from just one MSA and thus is merely suggestive, it does point to a possibly more nuanced use of the commonly prescribed planning and design policy variable to account for variation in effectiveness based on differences in development intensity. For example, we find that greater land-use intensification has higher efficacy in changing vehicle travel behavior in areas with relatively higher development intensity. Future research should include data from a broader array of metropolitan areas and incorporate additional predictor variables that were unavailable for this analysis.
La doctrina kantiana de la definición en las lecciones de lógica (1770-1782)
Authors: Martínez Luciana
Published: November 2019

En este artículo se analiza la doctrina kantiana de la definición. Se estudia el desarrollo de esa doctrina en las lecciones de lógica del período precrítico, a partir de su comparación con la teoría de las definiciones de Meier. Se sostiene que Kant organiza su estudio a partir de los aspectos escogidos por Meier, pero es crítico de sus tesis.
“Distinguishing ourselves from the other Religions”: Confessional Conflicts and Their Influence on the Early Moravian Danish West Indies Mission
Authors: Marquardt Frank
Published: November 2019

Beginning in the 1740s, an increasing amount of anti-Moravian polemics was published through the eighteenth century. Scholars from various denominations marked many of Zinzendorf’s theological ideas as controversial or even heretical. The question arises: how did disputes in Europe influence Moravian missions overseas? With a micro-historical perspective this article focuses on how local missionaries’ decisions in the Danish West Indies were impacted by struggles between Moravians and members of the Reformed and the Danish Lutheran churches. Suggestions and guidelines from leading figures like August Gottlieb Spangenberg, David Nitschmann, and Johannes von Watteville played an important role in the way the missionaries tried to cope with these disputes and reflected on their own Moravian identity. By tracing the missionaries’ self-representation as well as adaptations to their religious practices, this article develops a better understanding of the Moravians’ entanglement in a dynamic colonial setting.
“As on the day of Pentecost”: Revivalism, John Greenfield, and the Memory of August 13, 1727
Authors: Burkholder Jared S.
Published: November 2019

As a central part of the Moravian Church’s origin story, the experience of renewal that took place in Berthelsdorf on August 13, 1727, has become part of the Moravians’ collective memory. Imbued with spiritual significance, the event has often been compared to the biblical Pentecost. In commemorating the event, Moravians have continued to draw meaning from the story of August 13, though its significance at times reflected differing impulses. In the American context, August 13 has served as a precedent for seeking experiences of revival. As some Moravian congregations, particularly in the south, organized protracted meetings, revivals could coincide with August 13 commemoration. In the twentieth century, proponents of evangelistic campaigns, who worked to establish institutional support for their activity, also used the memory of August 13 to support evangelical methods and a greater emphasis on the Holy Spirit’s Pentecostal power. Perhaps the best example is John Greenfield, a minister and traveling evangelist who adopted evangelical revival techniques and authored a popular book on August 13. Greenfield, and others during this time, not only used a revival and Holiness paradigm to interpret the events of 1727, but conceived of the Moravian tradition as historically aligned with Anglo-American evangelicalism.
Efectividad de las estrategias de enseñanza implementadas en la asignatura de Seminario de Formación Integral
Authors: Muñoz González Álvaro Antonio
Published: November 2019

La participación activa y beligerante de los docentes universitarios en la implementación de estrategias de enseñanza juega un papel importante en la inclusión y motivación de los estudiantes por su desarrollo personal. En las carreras de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Jurídicas, donde se imparte la asignatura de Seminario de Formación Integral, se han implementado diversas estrategias de enseñanza, por ello este artículo1 analiza la efectividad de las mismas; La metodología empleada está basada en un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental descriptivo de corte trasversal. Entre los resultados encontrados con una muestra de 13 docentes seleccionados y 280 estudiantes de las carreras de esta facultad, destaca que la actitud de los docentes difiere en cada uno de los grupos seleccionados en esta investigación, ya que, a pesar de trabajar con planificaciones y estrategias didácticas homologadas, derivadas del trabajo de colectivos docentes, cada docente imprime un toque particular a su trabajo cotidiano y esto impacta en la efectividad de las estrategias. Se determina que las técnicas empleadas por los docentes a la hora de impartir la clase de Seminario de Formación Integral lograron alcanzar una efectividad limitada, puesto que no todos los estudiantes las calificaron como buenas, motivadoras, ajustadas a la realidad, expectativas de formación y utilidad profesional.
Comparison of Factors Associated With Run-Off-Road and Non-Run-Off-Road Crashes in Kansas
Authors: Roy Uttara , Dissanayake Sunanda
Published: November 2019

This study examines the trends, characteristics, as well as contributory causes associated with run-off-road (ROR) and non-run-off-road (NROR) crashes. Likelihood ratios of these causes for ROR crashes with respect to NROR crashes are assessed using the Bayesian Statistical Approach. Nighttime, weekends, adverse weather, rural area, gravel and curved roads, higher speed limits, wet and icy road surface, and utility vehicles are found to be the common characteristics of ROR crashes. Fell asleep, ill or medical condition, driving under the influence, too fast for conditions, tires and wheels, strong winds, freezing rain, shoulders, ruts, holes, and bumps are found to have the greatest likelihood ratios and as such have a greater role in contributing to ROR crashes than NROR crashes.
Enhance and Protect Portfolio Returns: A Dynamic Put Spread Optimization
Authors: De Giuli Maria Elena , Montagna Dennis , Naldi Federica , Tanda Alessandra
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper is to structure and optimize a dynamic put spread strategy to build an enhancement and protection portfolio. To implement the investment strategy a short put option acting as enhancement and a long put option providing protection are combined: the resulting put spread is modeled, thus assuming a dynamic configuration, depending on market conditions. The investment parameters and objectives are then translated into a proper optimization algorithm. The optimization procedure is implemented and backtested on S&P500 Index as the underlying asset, and it shows that the algorithm actually results in an optimal configuration of the final put spread. The backtest additionally exhibits that the optimized strategy provides an overall over-performance with respect to the underlying asset. The paper presents a novel approach when implementing put spread strategy to enhance and protect portfolio by explicitly modeling the implied volatility and volatility skew, and dynamically adjusting the portfolio depending on market conditions.
Regressie en progressie in beleidsevaluatie
Authors: Mevissen Jos
Published: November 2019

Regressie en progressie in beleidsevaluatie

Beleidsevaluatie richt zich steeds naar informatiebehoeften en technische mogelijkheden. Hierdoor is het gebruik van cijfermatige informatie toegenomen. Met name bestaande data worden, met steeds betere analysetechnieken, ingezet omdat ze beschikbaar zijn en relatief goedkoop. Dit gaat echter ten koste van de validiteit en diepgang van onderzoek. Dat is in zekere zin een regressie, een achteruitgang. We zien echter ook progressie in het beleidsonderzoek. In de eerste plaats komt er steeds meer belangstelling voor de zogenoemde mixed methods-benadering. Ten tweede is er een groeiende belangstelling voor participerende, interactieve en responsieve vormen van onderzoek. Er ontstaat weer meer oog voor de wereld achter de cijfers, het hoe en waarom van beleid, en vooral voor de mensen in die wereld.
Participatie en de energietransitie: juridisch instrumentarium in een veranderende context
Authors: Akerboom S. (Sanne)
Published: November 2019

Participatie en de energietransitie: juridisch instrumentarium in een veranderende context

Dit artikel gaat in op het belang van participatie in de energietransitie, de wijze waarop participatie thans is geïmplementeerd en beoordeeld wordt door de rechter, de nieuwe participatie-instrumenten zoals die worden voorgesteld in de Omgevingswet, de Klimaatwet en het Klimaatakkoord en een analyse van deze instrumenten.
Selected life quality variables of women treated surgically due to intertrochanteric femur fractures in the aspect of nursing and rehabilitation standards
Authors: Kamińska Małgorzata , Golec Joanna , Czechowska Dorota
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The aim of presented study was to evaluate selected quality of life indicators for women treated surgically due to intertrochanteric femur fractures in terms of implementation of physiotherapeutic and nursing standards.

Clinical Hospital in Krakow (5WSK) within the period from January 2015 to December 2016. At that time, 145 women with intertrochanteric femur fracture were admitted to the hospital. The age of the patients ranged between 58 and 92 years, with an average of 83.6 years. The following questionnaires and score scales were used to assess the quality of life: Short Pfeiffer Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale, SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, Barthel scale, HOOS scale, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) by Yesavage, the author’s questionnaire on rehabilitation care problems related to urinary tract infections, bed sores, pneumonia, gastrointestinal disorders, gastrointestinal infections and thromboembolic complications as well as survival rate.

Results and conclusions: 1. The quality of life of women operated because of intertrochanteric femoral fractures using an intramedullary Gamma nail had deteriorated in both short and long-term observation. 2. Maintenance and individualization of nursing standards and rehabilitation in women treated surgically due to intertrochanteric femoral fractures had a positive effect on the overall process of their treatment. 3.The level of physical activity declared by women operated due to intertrochanteric femur fracture prior to the occurrence of these fractures, has a signifi cant effect on their functional results in short and long-term observation. The higher the level of physical activity of these patients before the fracture, the more favourable was the functional outcome. 4. The level of mood and self-acceptance of the disease in women treated surgically for this fracture had signifi cant impact on the process of their nursing as well as rehabilitation, and on functional status in short and long-term follow-up. The higher the level of mood and self-acceptance of the disease in these women, the better the process of their nursing, rehabilitation and the functional outcome.
Enzyme activity: acetylcholinesterase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in winter swimmers
Authors: Piech Michał , Ptaszek Bartłomiej , Teległów Aneta , Marchewka Jakub , Mardyła Mateusz
Published: November 2019

Study aim: The aim of the study was to show changes in the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in winter swimmers between the end (April) and beginning of the consecutive winter swimming season
(November).

Material and methodology: The study group consisted of 16 winter swimmers (non-training males) from the Krakow “Kaloryfer”
[Radiators] Winter Swimming Club, regularly undergoing submersion in cold water at a temperature of 2-7.2ºC for
a maximum of three minutes during the winter swimming season. The tests were carried out at the end and before the beginning
of the following winter season using the method of spectrophotometry.

Results: Analysing the average values of enzymes after (April) and before the next (November) winter bathing season, there
was a decrease in the activity of AChE [U/gHb] by 18.26% and G-6-PD [U/gHb] by 22.11% in men undergoing winter baths.

Conclusions: Regular use of winter bath treatments results in increased enzyme activity: AChE and G-6-PD; and while break
in winter swimming reduces the activity of these enzymes.
The effect of robot therapy assisted by surface EMG on hand recovery in post-stroke patients. A pilot study
Authors: Dziemian Katarzyna , Kiper Aleksandra , Baba Alfonc , Baldan Francesca , Alhelou Mahmoud , Agostini Michela , Turolla Andrea , Kiper Pawel
Published: November 2019

Background: Hemiparesis caused by a stroke negatively limits a patient’s motor function. Nowadays, innovative technologies such as robots are commonly used in upper limb rehabilitation. The main goal of robot-aided therapy is to provide a maximum number of stimuli in order to stimulate brain neuroplasticity. Treatment applied in this study via the AMADEO robot aimed to improve finger flexion and extension.

Aim: To assess the effect of rehabilitation assisted by a robot and enhanced by surface EMG.

Research project: Before-after study design.

Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 10 post-stroke patients enrolled for therapy with the AMADEO robot for at least 15 sessions. At the beginning and at the end of treatment, the following tests were used for clinical assessment: Fugl-Meyer scale, Box and Block test and Nine Hole Peg test. In the present study, we used surface electromyography (sEMG) to maintain optimal kinematics of hand motion. Whereas sensorial feedback, provided by the robot, was vital in obtaining closed-loop control. Thus, muscle contraction was transmitted to the amplifier through sEMG, activating the mechanism of the robot. Consequentially, sensorial feedback was provided to the patient.

Results: Statistically significant improvement of upper limb function was observed in: Fugl-Meyer (p = 0.38) and Box and Block (p = 0.27). The Nine Hole Peg Test did not show statistically significant changes in motor skills of the hand. However, the functional improvement was observed at the level of 6% in the Fugl-Meyer, 15% in the Box and Block, and 2% in the Nine Hole Peg test.

Conclusions: Results showed improvement in hand grasp and overall function of the upper limb. Due to sEMG, it was possible to implement robot therapy in the treatment of patients with severe hand impairment.
Prawo do swobodnego przemieszczania się w przypadkach bezdomności migrantów wewnątrzunijnych
Authors: Mostowska Magdalena
Published: November 2019

The article examines interpretations of freedom of movement and access to social assistance within the EU Directive 2004/38. Examples of EU migrants’ homelessness are shown to demonstrate the confusing circularity in the regulations. The paper goes on to the development of local governments’
and voluntary organizations’ practice of limiting support to EU migrants in homelessness.
Narrower interpretations of the right to reside are a basis for refusing access to benefits or even shelter.
Repressive public space practices lead sometimes even to deportations. These interpretations,
practices and public discourse are shown on the examples of the Netherlands, the UK and Sweden.
Interpretations of the European law, practices and public debate are tools that limit exercising the
right to free movement by socially defining and categorising homeless EU migrants as persons
whose rights are dependent on their position on the labour market.
Analysis of public discourse on religious minorities in Turkey after the coup attempt of 15th July 2016
Authors: Szkudlarek Magdalena
Published: November 2019

The aim of this paper is to follow and analyse the public discourse on religious minorities in Turkey after the failed coup d’état of 15th July 2016. However either Turkish state’s policy or social attitudes towards these groups have always been controversial and their real position has always differed from their legal status, the author decided to put a hypothesis that the coup attempt is indeed what has significantly affected the way they are being perceived by mass media in Turkey and hence, by Turkish public opinion. Thus, the purpose of this analysis is to study the chosen media content concerning religious minorities and to answer the question how the post-coup reality affects the situation of persons belonging to these groups. In order to achieve this goal several research methods specific for political science and humanities are applied and Polish, English and Turkish language sources are widely referred in the article.
The role of sports and music in public diplomacy: the case of Kosovo
Authors: Hajdari Labinot
Published: November 2019

This article elaborates the influence of sports and music on the diplomatic position of Kosovo. Despite being a new country and struggling with political recognition and diplomatic relations, Kosovo has gained popularity through the global success of its citizens in sports and music. An analysis of international media has shown that there is a significant correlation between the success of individuals in changing diplomatic approaches towards Kosovo and redefinition of constraints towards its citizens. Moreover, the image of a country built through success stories of individuals has a significant effect on the general international public and has changed the negative perception of the country. Kosovo here is used as an example to illustrate how sports and cultural diplomacy have been more successful than classical diplomacy.
THE EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND MATERIAL
HARDNESS ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE
SLIDING PAIR WC-42CrMo4 UNDER STARVED LUBRICATION
Authors: GAŁDA Lidia , SMYKLA Jan
Published: November 2019

Ceramic materials are more and more popular in industrial applications. Machine elements made of ceramic
materials are characterized by long durability, especially those elements that work in hard operating conditions.
In this paper, the results of tribological examinations of WC-42CrMo4 sliding pair are presented. Tribological
tests were realized with the T-11 stand with the ball-on-disc sliding pair. For lubrication, the machine mineral
oil L-AN 46 was used. The analysis showed that surface roughness significantly affected the tribological
performance of tested sliding pairs. Steel samples were characterized with various hardnesses in the range of
22-42 HRC and this feature also effected on friction coefficient. Statistical analyses of the achieved results
were made using the 3-level PS/DC 32 design. According to the statistical analysis, the quadratic functions
describing the dependence for friction coefficient on surface roughness and material hardness were obtained.
The most unfavourable surface roughness was after the grinding process, but the best was those after the
lapping process which allows the smallest friction coefficient.
THE INFLUE NCE OF CUTTING FLUID CONTAINING ZINC
ASPARTATE ON THE WEAR OF CUTTING TOOLS DURING
TURNING
Authors: MADEJ Monika , KOWALCZYK Joanna , OZIMINA Dariusz , NOWAKOWSKI Łukasz , KULCZYCKI Andrzej
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of tests of the wear of cutting tools following the process of facing with
lubrication with cutting fluids. The tests were carried out on a CNC lathe with the use of two cutting fluids:
one based on mineral oil and the other containing zinc aspartate. After machining, the tool wear was measured
using a stereoscopic inspection microscope. Observation of surface morphology and identification of elements
was performed using a scanning electron microscope with a EDS analyser. Measurements of the geometric
structure of the surface of turned elements were performed using an optical profilometer. The non-toxic
coolant with zinc aspartate used in the tests resulted in the formation of surface layers enriched with zinc
compounds, which directly translated into the improvement of technological quality of the workpiece.
Impact of Family Psychoeducation Intervention on Relapse Prevention in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Niksalehi Sara , Namazi Sholeh , Tashk Monavar , Bavaghar Samaneh , Afandi Malan , Jamalizadeh Farangis
Published: November 2019

Background: Family psychoeducation is considered as an intervention focused on individual rehabilitation of mental disorders through improving the caregiver’s awareness about their family member’s illness, risk factors, and treatment component and relapse prevention strategies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of family psychoeducation on patients’ relapse and length of stay in hospital. Methods: In this retrospective study, registered data in the health information management unit, including demographic data, acute symptoms and signs and medical history, was used and sample selection was done through a purposive sampling procedure. Participants consisted of 2192 patients with severe mental disorders admitted to Ibn Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran since 2009 to 2014. The recipients of psychoeducation comprised all immediate family members of the patients in psychiatric hospital who were available at time of discharge. Subjects were receiving standard pharmacologic treatment and one session of individual family psychoeducation interventions. The psychoeducation was presented by a psychologist and a nurse upon patient discharge day from hospital between 2011 and 2014. The findings including recurrence rate and admission durations were compared with data collected during the three years leading to the intervention (2009 to 2011). Data was assessed through Paired-sample t-test. Results: The results revealed that receiving psychoeducation by family can positively affect the rate of readmission (t = 41.30, P < 0.001) and the length of stay in hospital (t = 39.10, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Since psychoeducation of caregivers can be significantly influential in reducing the recurrence rate and duration of hospitalization, it is advisable after discharge for patients suffering from chronic mental disorders.
The All-Happy God
Authors: Stenberg Joseph ,   The Society of Christian Philosophers
Published: November 2019

Is God happy? In the tradition of classical theism, the answer has long been “Yes.” And, just as God is not merely powerful, but all-powerful, so too God is not merely happy, but all-happy or infinitely happy. Far from being empty praise, God’s happiness does important work, in particular, in explaining both human existence and human destiny. This essay is an attempt to give divine happiness the serious philosophical treatment it deserves. It turns out that, as with many divine traits, ascribing all-happiness to God is not without potential problems. I raise and attempt to address what I take to be the most serious problem, which I call “The Subjective Problem of Evil.”
What is the Value of Faith For Salvation? A Thomistic Response to Kvanvig
Authors: Rooney James Dominic ,   The Society of Christian Philosophers
Published: November 2019

Jonathan Kvanvig has proposed a non-cognitive theory of faith. He argues that the model of faith as essentially involving assent to propositions is of no value. In response, I propose a Thomistic cognitive theory of faith that both avoids Kvanvig’s criticism and presents a richer and more inclusive account of how faith is intrinsically valuable. I show these accounts of faith diverge in what they take as the goal of the Christian life: personal relationship with God or an external state of affairs. For this reason, more seriously, the non-cognitivist project likely requires rejecting traditional Christianity and its picture of salvation.
Why Collaborative Robots Must Be Social (and even Emotional) Actors
Authors: Fischer Kerstin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: November 2019

In this article, I address the question whether or not robots should be social actors and suggest that we do not have much choice but to construe collaborative robots as social actors. Social cues, including emotional displays, serve coordination functions in human interaction and therefore have to be used, even by robots, in order for long-term collaboration to succeed. While robots lack the experiential basis of emotional display, also in human interaction much emotional expression is part of conventional social practice; if robots are to participate in such social practices, they need to produce such signals as well. I conclude that if we aim to share our social spaces with robots, they better be social actors, which may even include the display of emotions. This finding is of empirical as well as philosophical relevance because it shifts the ethical discussion away from the question, how social collaborative robots should be, to the question, what kinds of human-robot collaborations we want.
La búsqueda de información, la selección y creación de contenidos y la comunicación docente
Authors: Cabanillas García Juan Luis , Lungo González Ricardo , Torres Carvalho José Luis
Published: November 2019

La sociedad de la información y del conocimiento ha crecido a pasos agigantados en la docencia a partir del auge de la educación a distancia y la inclusión de las TIC. Esto implica que los docentes deben ser, y sentirse digitalmente competentes para poder desarrollar su labor de forma eficaz. Hemos desarrollado un estudio para analizar tres de los parámetros que definen la competencia digital, en docentes de la provincia de Badajoz: el tratamiento de la información, la selección y creación de contenidos y la comunicación docente. Junto a estas variables, hemos incluido parámetros sociodemográficos que nos ayuden a definir cuáles son claves dentro de la configuración de la competencia digital docente, como son el género, la edad, la experiencia, la titulación académica máxima, el nivel educativo de docencia y la población del municipio de docencia. Los resultados han indicado que, prioritariamente, el profesorado otorga mayor importancia al tratamiento de la información y que, tanto la edad como la titulación académica del docente, son variables fundamentales, ya que, a medida que aumenta la edad y mejora la formación del docente, mejoran las variables que configuran la competencia digital, capacitando al profesorado para una labor docente correcta en términos digitales y, por ello, más adaptados a las necesidades de la escuela contemporánea.
El uso de dispositivos móviles como estrategia educativa en la universidad
Authors: Mangisch Gustavo Carlos , Mangisch Spinelli María Del Rosario
Published: November 2019

Las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación han causado un gran impacto en todas las actividades humanas. Con la irrupción de los teléfonos inteligentes se ha acelerado un proceso profundo de transformación en la disponibilidad y el acceso al conocimiento. La educación, y particularmente la universidad, están interpeladas por estas nuevas tecnologías que utilizan frecuentemente tanto los alumnos como los docentes para el funcionamiento de muchas actividades de su vida personal, pero: ¿logran incorporase adecuadamente a la práctica educativa? La investigación se realizó a través de una metodología cualitativa de carácter descriptivo, que recoge el testimonio del uso que se hace de los dispositivos móviles en la universidad y los contextos que condicionan estos comportamientos. El estudio aporta información relevante sobre las aplicaciones que le dan los profesores y alumnos de la universidad a sus dispositivos móviles, vinculadas con los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, y aporta información significativa sobre el impacto y el potencial uso de las TIC en la educación universitaria, para favorecer la política en materia de desarrollo tecnológico y digital en la universidad y contribuir a las decisiones en materia de desarrollo e inversión del área tecnológica. En la perspectiva del debate y luego de un análisis interpretativo-crítico de la información obtenida en el trabajo, se sugieren algunos hallazgos identificados en el estudio, propuestas de mejora que permitan optimizar los planes de virtualización y el uso de dispositivos móviles y posibles nuevos interrogantes que se abren a partir de la investigación.
Bosque semántico: ¿educación/enseñanza/aprendizaje a distancia, virtual, en línea, digital, eLearning…?
Authors: García Aretio Lorenzo
Published: November 2019

Ya desde sus inicios, la educación a distancia se mostró con unas bases teóricas débiles. Esa problemática se agrandó con la integración en los procesos educativos de las tecnologías avanzadas. De ahí surgió un bosque semántico que ha venido enredando cada vez más todo el armazón teórico de esta modalidad educativa. Desde las últimas décadas del siglo pasado, han proliferado denominaciones en torno a este concepto de educación a distancia que con las tecnologías digitales no hizo más que crecer. Partimos en nuestro trabajo de revisar esas múltiples denominaciones del fenómeno educativo no presencial para derivar hacia la que nos parece más adecuada, “educación a distancia”. Analizamos los dos términos que componen ese concepto, “educación”, frente a enseñanza, aprendizaje o instrucción, y “distancia”, frente a electrónico, en línea, virtual o digital, argumentando en cada caso su vigencia total en la sociedad actual.  Finalmente, tratamos de ofrecer una definición de este concepto que pretendemos integradora de otras formas actuales de educar mediante el soporte digital, destacando las ideas del diálogo (comunicación e interacción educativas), didáctico (visión pedagógica de logros de aprendizajes valiosos) y mediado (componente tecnológico necesario al producirse el acto educativo con separación física). Así, definimos la educación a distancia como diálogo didáctico mediado entre docentes de una institución y los estudiantes que, ubicados en espacio diferente al de aquellos, pueden aprender de forma independiente o grupal.
Nucleolar dynamics and interactions with nucleoplasm in living cells
Authors: Caragine Christina M , Haley Shannon C , Zidovska Alexandra
Published: November 2019

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been recognized as one of the key cellular organizing principles and was shown to be responsible for formation of membrane-less organelles such as nucleoli. Although nucleoli were found to behave like liquid droplets, many ramifications of LLPS including nucleolar dynamics and interactions with the surrounding liquid remain to be revealed. Here, we study the motion of human nucleoli in vivo, while monitoring the shape of the nucleolus-nucleoplasm interface. We reveal two types of nucleolar pair dynamics: an unexpected correlated motion prior to coalescence and an independent motion otherwise. This surprising kinetics leads to a nucleolar volume distribution, p⁢(V)∼V-1, unaccounted for by any current theory. Moreover, we find that nucleolus-nucleoplasm interface is maintained by ATP-dependent processes and susceptible to changes in chromatin transcription and packing. Our results extend and enrich the LLPS framework by showing the impact of the surrounding nucleoplasm on nucleoli in living cells.
Antigen presentation and tumor immunogenicity in cancer immunotherapy response prediction
Authors: Wang Shixiang , He Zaoke , Wang Xuan , Li Huimin , Liu Xue-Song
Published: November 2019

Immunotherapy, represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), is transforming the treatment of cancer. However, only a small percentage of patients show response to ICI, and there is an unmet need for biomarkers that will identify patients who are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. The fundamental basis for ICI response is the immunogenicity of a tumor, which is primarily determined by tumor antigenicity and antigen presentation efficiency. Here, we propose a method to measure tumor immunogenicity score (TIGS), which combines tumor mutational burden (TMB) and an expression signature of the antigen processing and presenting machinery (APM). In both correlation with pan-cancer ICI objective response rates (ORR) and ICI clinical response prediction for individual patients, TIGS consistently showed improved performance compared to TMB and other known prediction biomarkers for ICI response. This study suggests that TIGS is an effective tumor-inherent biomarker for ICI-response prediction.
The HCN domain couples voltage gating and cAMP response in hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels
Authors: Porro Alessandro , Saponaro Andrea , Gasparri Federica , Bauer Daniel , Gross Christine , Pisoni Matteo , Abbandonato Gerardo , Hamacher Kay , Santoro Bina , Thiel Gerhard , Moroni Anna
Published: November 2019

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels control spontaneous electrical activity in heart and brain. Binding of cAMP to the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD) facilitates channel opening by relieving a tonic inhibition exerted by the CNBD. Despite high resolution structures of the HCN1 channel in the cAMP bound and unbound states, the structural mechanism coupling ligand binding to channel gating is unknown. Here we show that the recently identified helical HCN-domain (HCND) mechanically couples the CNBD and channel voltage sensing domain (VSD), possibly acting as a sliding crank that converts the planar rotational movement of the CNBD into a rotational upward displacement of the VSD. This mode of operation and its impact on channel gating are confirmed by computational and experimental data showing that disruption of critical contacts between the three domains affects cAMP- and voltage-dependent gating in three HCN isoforms.
Entry by multiple picornaviruses is dependent on a pathway that includes TNK2, WASL, and NCK1
Authors: Jiang Hongbing , Leung Christian , Tahan Stephen , Wang David
Published: November 2019

Comprehensive knowledge of the host factors required for picornavirus infection would facilitate antiviral development. Here we demonstrate roles for three human genes, TNK2, WASL, and NCK1, in infection by multiple picornaviruses. CRISPR deletion of TNK2, WASL, or NCK1 reduced encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), poliovirus and enterovirus D68 infection, and chemical inhibitors of TNK2 and WASL decreased EMCV infection. Reduced EMCV lethality was observed in mice lacking TNK2. TNK2, WASL, and NCK1 were important in early stages of the viral lifecycle, and genetic epistasis analysis demonstrated that the three genes function in a common pathway. Mechanistically, reduced internalization of EMCV was observed in TNK2 deficient cells demonstrating that TNK2 functions in EMCV entry. Domain analysis of WASL demonstrated that its actin nucleation activity was necessary to facilitate viral infection. Together, these data support a model wherein TNK2, WASL, and NCK1 comprise a pathway important for multiple picornaviruses.
En sang til (livs)motet - en undring omkring fenomenet livsmot
Authors: Thorsen Rolf
Published: November 2019

Reflections on life courage

This essay addresses various aspects of the phenomenon of “life courage”. The approach is phenomenological and draws on a Danish tradition of life philosophy. The aim is not to find definitions, but to approach the topic cautiously to reveal new aspects of the phenomenon. The text is an outer and inner journey through experience, art, literature and poetry. This journey starts by dwelling on the apparent absence of courage for life in situations of extreme darkness. Later in the essay, light gradually appears, accompanied by increased life courage.
Håp og livsmot i sykdomsfortellinger etter hjerneslag
Authors: Kitzmüller Gabriele
Published: November 2019

Hope and life courage in illness narratives after stroke
This essay illuminates the meaning of hope and life courage in the narratives of Tomas and Maria, a couple who had experienced the life changing consequences of Maria’s stroke. Hope is supported by the couple’s strong and loving relationship and by empathy and caring in their relationships with professional caregivers. In this way, the relational component of hope is revealed as the most important prerequisite for maintaining hope. The analysis demonstrates that life courage and hope are strongly needed for trust in the future and rehabilitation efforts. However, careless and unprofessional attitudes and practices of clinicians may lead to loss of control, poorer self-image and hopelessness. To support the hope of patients and relatives, clinicians must show caring attitudes and use both medical and humanistic knowledge. They should not devalue the phenomenon of hope as unrealistic.
Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance and Interrelationships for Agronomic and Yield Traits of Sorghum B-Lines under Different Environments
Authors: Al-Naggar A. M. M. , El-Salam R. M. Abd , Hovny M. R. A. , Yaseen Walaa Y. S.
Published: November 2019

Information on heritability and trait association in crops assist breeders to allocate resources necessary to effectively select for desired traits and to achieve maximum genetic gain with little time and resources. The objectives of this investigation were to determine the amount of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and strength of association of yield related traits among sorghum lines under different environments in Egypt. Six environments with 25 sorghum B-lines were at two locations in Egypt (Giza and Shandaweel) in two years and two planting dates in one location (Giza). A randomized complete block design was used in each environment with three replications. Significant variation was observed among sorghum lines for all studied traits in all environments. Across environments, grain yield/plant (GYPP) showed positive and significant correlations with number of grains/plant (r = 0.71), days to flowering (r = 0.47), 1000-grain weight (r = 0.16) and plant height (PH) (r = 0.19). In general, the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Combined across the six environments, the highest PCV and GCV was shown by PH trait (95.14 and 43.57%) followed by GYPP (36.42 and 30.78%), respectively, indicating that selection for high values of these traits of sorghum would be effective. GYPP and PH traits showed high heritability associated with high genetic advance from selection, indicating that there are good opportunities to get success in improvement of these traits via selection procedures. Results concluded that PH is good selection criterion for GYPP and therefore selection for tall sorghum plants would increase grain yield.