bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prática teatral no ensino de Ciências: limites e possibilidades
Authors: Felippe Mariana Gonçalves , Silva Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo investiga o teatro como metodologia pedagógica a ser trabalhada no ambiente escolar, como forma de facilitar a apreensão pelos alunos de conceitos científicos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Pretendeu-se trabalhar a dinâmica teatral através de práticas desenvolvidas com base no diálogo freireano, pedagogia comprometida com a emancipação. O projeto foi realizado na Escola Municipal Leonor Pinto Thomaz, em Sorocaba, São Paulo. Além dos referenciais teóricos de Freire, a obra de Augusto Boal foi adotada como diretriz para desenvolver e analisar as possibilidades de implementar uma prática teatral emancipatória no processo de ensino-aprendizagem em ensino de Ciências da Natureza, utilizando como categoria de análise o diálogo dialético, que envolve processos de problematização e de contextualização, elementos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de uma prática crítica e humanizadora. Os resultados apontam novas possibilidades de trabalhar educação e teatro, que objetivam um possível enraizamento da prática teatral no desenvolvimento de um currículo crítico no âmbito da educação básica.
A questão da formação dos professores do ensino básico na Guiné-Bissau: desafios e perspectivas do governo nos anos de 1975-1986
Authors: Cá Cristina Mandau Ocuni , Cá Lourenço Ocuni
Published: July 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo procurar entender como o governo do Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde lidou com a questão da formação dos professores nos primeiros anos da independência, considerando que a Guiné- -Bissau havia se tornado independente de Portugal e precisava romper com o passado implantado pelo colonizador, num período em torno de quase cinco séculos sem que aquele se preocupasse com a educação do colonizado. A metodologia da pesquisa é de natureza analítica, pois é aquela de maior profundidade com relação aos resultados obtidos, cujas fontes são pesquisa de campo e pesquisa bibliográfica.
La Palmera, elemento identitario en el paisaje de Huerta del Bajo Segura, España
Authors: Canales Martínez Gregorio , López Pomares Alejandro
Published: July 2017

La palmera, por sus múltiples aprovechamientos (agrícola, constructivo, ritual e industrial), ha sido tradicionalmente un elemento identitario en el paisaje huertano del bajo segura. En las últimas décadas su presencia se ha restringido, al perder las funciones que antaño cumplía, a lo que se ha unido la plaga del picudo rojo y la comercialización masiva con fines ornamentales para las nuevas áreas residenciales. El artículo aborda la presencia de esta especie en el territorio desde diversas visiones y en diferentes épocas: la estética de la literatura de viajes, la productiva de los tratados científicos o la emocional de las obras de creación.
La venganza de la geografía. Cómo los mapas condicionan el destino de las naciones. Robert D. Kaplan (2013)
Authors: Espinosa López Rodolfo
Published: July 2017

La venganza de la geografía. Cómo los mapas condicionan el destino de las naciones. Barcelona. RBA Libros S.A. Primera edición en español. Traducción de Laura Martín de Dios. Pasta dura, (478) págs.
Desafios ao desenvolvimento do assentamento rural Coroa Verde, Município de Barra do Rocha, Estado da Bahia, Brasil.
Authors: Bahia de Aguiar Paulo César , Bruno Nelma Lima , Sampaio Luiz Augusto Grimaldi , Costa Larissa Corrêa do Bomfim
Published: July 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo central analisar os principais desafios ao desenvolvimento do Assentamento Rural Coroa Verde. Associado a esse objetivo geral tem-se os seguintes objetivos específicos: caracterizar socioeconomicamente o  assentamento; identificar as principais dificuldades do assentamento no âmbito produtivo; analisar os principais desafios ao desenvolvimento do assentamento no âmbito econômico (produtivo) e social. A pergunta de investigação que norteou a  pesquisa se concentra na seguinte questão: quais os principais desafios atuais existentes para o desenvolvimento do Assentamento Rural Coroa Verde? Como metodologia utilizou-se de técnicas de documentação direta (pesquisa de campo), e  técnicas de documentação indireta (pesquisa bibliográfica e documental). Fez-se levantamento do índice pluviométrico da região de inserção do assentamento correspondente aos anos de 2010 a 2014, através de dados levantados junto ao INMET – Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, e levantamento de dados em campo e observações in loco.Como tratamento dos dados e informações, procedeu-se a construção de gráficos, quadros e tabelas – e posterior análise e interpretação.A partir dos resultados puderam-se constatar desafios a serem superados no assentamento no que se refere ao processo produtivo, dentre os quais a substituição de práticas prejudiciais como a utilização de fertilizantes, adubos químicos e inseticidas, por práticas consideradas limpas (manejo natural). Constatou-se a necessidade de se trabalhar o cooperativismo entre os assentados tanto no processo de produção quanto de comercialização dos produtos e, também, a adoção de artifícios para  melhor aproveitamento do recurso “água”, de forma especial a água da chuva, através do desenvolvimento de sistemas de captação e armazenamento nas áreas produtivas. Importante se faz ainda o acompanhamento aos assentados desde o apoio técnico à produção, à capacitação, ao acesso a crédito, e para a agregação de valor aos seus produtos, e melhorar o senso de coletivismo e cooperação, além de mais oportunidades aos jovens.Palavras chave: Desenvolvimento Rural. Sustentabilidade. Produção Agrícola. Cooperativismo. Realidade Socioeconômica
Aspectos da morfologia urbana e as diferenças socioespaciais no espaço urbano do município de Álvares Machado, São Paulo, Brasil.
Authors: Trombeta Letícia Roberta , Soares Fernanda Bomfim
Published: July 2017

O presente artigo busca destacar o papel da morfologia urbana na análise da produção do espaço urbano e de diferenciação socioespacial, principalmente a partir das formas urbanas na cidade de Álvares Machado, localizado no Oeste Paulista. Para isso realizou-se a articulação entre diversos conceitos e referenciais teórico-metodológicos de produção do espaço urbano, diferenciação socioespacial, morfologia urbana, formas urbanas e loteamentos fechados, que foram necessários para  compreender a dinâmica urbana estabelecida na cidade de Álvares Machado, tais como: Lefebvre (1972), Sposito (2011), Botelho (2007), Carlos (2007), Capel (2005), Lamas (2011), Whitacker e Miyazaki (2012), Caldeira (2000), Magrini (2013), entre outros. Assim, foi possível compreender os processos de produção do espaço urbano que geram diferenças socioespaciais nesse território e sua interface com loteamentos fechados como enclaves fortificados voltados ao mercado de consumo imobiliário.Palavras chave: morfologia urbana, produção do espaço urbano, diferenças socioespaciais, residenciais fechados, Álvares Machado.
Geografía de los espacios cotidianos: ¿qué espacios para la jornada única en la educación básica y media?.
Authors: Espinosa López Rodolfo
Published: July 2017

A propósito de la jornada única, se trata, en síntesis, de ampliar el horizonte espacial de estudiantes y profesores, incorporando nuevas miradas y criterios de análisis para comprender y valorar los espacios que habitan. Al mismo tiempo, de involucrar a los educadores en dinámicas de participación y también de aprendizaje sobre sus propias prácticas espaciales y los ambientes de aprendizaje en que realizan su tarea docente.Palabras claves: jornada única, espacios cotidianos y ambientes de aprendizaje.
La Gestión de Riesgo a Desastres en Costa Rica: síntesis del III Congreso Nacional de Gestión de Riesgo a Desastres y Adaptación al Cambio Climático
Authors: Chavarría Córdoba José Alfredo , Barrantes Castillo Gustavo , Quesada Román Adolfo
Published: July 2017

Costa Rica es un país expuesto a una diversidad de condiciones naturales y sociales que favorecen el riesgo de desastres. Diversos actores realizan acciones para su prevención y mitigación, así como planificación territorial, investigación, socialización, formación, y atención cuando se presentan situaciones de emergencia. Existe, además, una creciente conciencia de la necesidad de establecer acciones inter y multidisciplinarias de cara a una efectiva gestión de riesgo a desastres (GRD), y de la relevancia de la participación de la población y de las diversas instituciones públicas, en especial los gobiernos locales.Esas acciones e iniciativas pretenden ser armonizadas con los más recientes enfoques conceptuales y metodológicos, a través de instrumentos como la Política Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo 2016­2030, el Plan Nacional de Gestión del Riesgo 2016­2020, y la Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático; una tarea compleja pero necesaria, cuyos avances pueden valorarse en congresos nacionales.Los tres congresos nacionales que hasta el momento se han realizado desde 1988, han permitido valorar esos avances y el rumbo que sigue el país sobre esas acciones; el tercero y más reciente de ellos no fue la excepción.Este artículo sintetiza los aspectos relevantes de dicho congreso, así como la diversidad de planteamientos que se hicieron; muchos de ellos referidos a las condiciones que impone el cambio climático.Palabras clave: Cambio Climático; Gestión  del Riesgo a Desastres; Modelo de Desarrollo; Ordenamiento Territorial; Sostenibilidad.
El problema de los cultivos transgénicos en América Latina: una "nueva" revolución verde.
Authors: Segrelles Serrano José Antonio
Published: July 2017

El reciente avance de la bioingeniería y de la agricultura transgénica en América Latina se inserta en el marco de las tradicionales y desiguales relaciones centro-periferia cuyo precedente mas significativo lo constituye la denominada revolución verde, que extiende en el agro latino-americano los métodos intensivo de la producción y el control de la firmas agroalimentarias transnacionales sin que haya ninguna solución para sus problemas más acuciantes: el injusto reparto de la propiedad de la tierra, la pobreza rural, la dependencia alimentaria y el deterioro ambiental.La nueva revolución verde que representa la agricultura transgénica puede acabar por darle el golpe de gracia al campo latinoamericano, pues bajo la excusa de ayudar a ala eliminación del hambre ene l mundo, las grandes corporaciones biogenéticas transnacionales están llevando a cabo una ofensiva productiva y comercial que sin duda sumirá a estos países una vez mas en la dependencia agraria, genética, económica, política, tecnológica y alimentaria, al mismo tiempo que conllevara categóricas transformación espaciales y económicas en el medio rurarl de los países de la región, toda vez que la expansión de los cultivos transgénicos puede relacionarse con un nuevo impulso del capitalista internacional y con el alejamiento de un aprovechamiento agrorrural sostenible y respetuoso con los ecosistemas y con la sociedad.
Los efectos de la globalización en la transformación de las estructuras espaciales urbanas en América Latina.
Authors: González Sousa Roberto , Laguna Coral Manuela
Published: July 2017

En este artículo se analizan las condiciones creadas por la globalización en la dinámica del espacio latinoamericano, con énfasis en el espacio urbano. La primera parte sitúa en el contexto global de la reestructuración del espacio resultado, entre otros factores, del cambio en el mapa político del mundo y la crisis del modelo fordista. Seguidamente se presta atención a la competitividad en la propuesta de la CEPAL Transformación Productiva con Equidad  y su principal obstáculo: la esencia de la globalización en la transformación del espacio urbano a partir de referencias y ejemplos de ciudades seleccionadas. Se destaca La Habana como un ejemplo de ciudad en la que se realizan grandes esfuerzos para crear un espacio que garantice la calidad de vida de su población. A modo conclusiones. Se reflexiona sobre las principales consecuencias de la inserción de las ciudades latinoamericanas a la modernidad, marcada por el incremento de la pobreza y la segregación socioespacial.
Análisis multirriesgos de los desastres naturales del Chocó, durante las tres últimas décadas: 1970-2000.
Authors: Mosquera Machado Silvia Del Carmen
Published: July 2017

El departamento del Choco, situado en el Angulo noroccidental de Colombia, es una zona singular por su posición geográfica. Las características geológicas, tectónicas, hidrológicas y meteorológicas de esta región forman un sistema geofísico complejo, con un alto riesgo de ocurrencia de catástrofes naturales. La historia del departamento ha sido una sucesión de catástrofes naturales relacionadas con los movimientos telúricos, la alta pluviosidad, la red hidrológica y las inestabilidades de terreno. El objetivo de este estudio es incrementar el conocimiento de los desastres naturales a través de la identificación y caracterización de los desastres naturales a través de la identificación y caracterización de los desastres naturales ocurridos durante las tres últimas décadas, para obtener un elemento básico de entrar para la mitigación del riesgo. Se propone el uso de los SIG, para la creación de la base de datos georeferenciada del departamento y el tratamiento y análisis de los datos. Entre los resultado de este estudio se cita la creación de la primera base de datos goereferenciada de los desastres naturales del Choco y la estimación del porcentaje de impacto de los desastres por tipo de fenómeno natural causante. Se calcularon además los valores de las pérdidas causadas por los desastres en miles de dólares americanos en las principales ciudades del departamento por tipo de fenómenos detonantes del desastre.
Las bases de datos globales y SIG en la toma de decisiones:oportunidades y limitaciones.
Authors: Santana Rodriguez Luis Marino , Escobar Martinez Francisco
Published: July 2017

El acceso a bases de datos fiables y a herramientas capaces de manejar y analizar los mismos con eficacia se ha visto, desde los años 70, como una necesidad acuciante para el apoyo a las labores de prevención y alivio en casos de desastre. En este sentido. La Universidad Católica de Lovaina,  está realizando notables esfuerzos para obtener y difundir datos relevantes de los desastres y sus efectos para cada país. Aunque estos no fueron recogidos originariamente para su integración en un SIG, el hecho de estar referidos a países permite una fácil geocodificacion e integración a otras bases de datos, posibilitando así análisis más integrales desde una perspectiva espacial.El objetivo del presente artículo es, por un lado, mostrar las oportunidades que ofrecen los SIG en las tareas relativas a la toma de decisiones ante eventos de desastres naturales, y, por otro, alertar  sobre las dificultades y limitaciones que las herramientas cartográficas en general y los SIG en particular encuentra a la hora de utilizar adecuadamente este tipo de bases de datos globales. Para ello, se parte con una descripción de la base de datos recogida por Naciones Unidas y disponibles a través del CRED/ EM-DAT; a continuación se detalla el proceso seguido para su integración en un SIG y las posibilidades que este ofrece a la hora de realizar búsquedas y análisis. Por último, se detallas los problemas encontrados para la representación cartográfica, adoptando América Latina como ejemplo de aplicación, y se establecen una serie de recomendaciones para una optima recolección y explotación de datos globales en un entorno SIG.
ORDENAMIENTO TERRITORIAL COMO POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE UNA MIRADA TÉCNICA Y PARCIAL A UNA COMPLEJA Y CONTEMPORÁNEA
Authors: Sánchez Mazo Liliana María , Gutiérrez Tamayo Alberto León
Published: July 2017

Como eje de la reflexión, se plantean ante las exigencias de la sociedad contemporánea, nuevos contenidos para el ordenamiento territorial, considerándolo como proceso social, político, temporal y estratégico, en contexto. Esta consideración emerge como respuesta posible ante los vacíos que ha dejado su implementación parcial en Colombia con un énfasis marcado en el tratamiento físico-espacial del territorio. Proponer nuevos contenidos en esta materia, conduce a la configuración de lineamientos de política pública desde una perspectiva normativa y estratégica en los cuales la formación de actores se convierte en estrategia central, entendida como reto para la Geografía y las Ciencias Sociales.
GEOGRAFÍA Y SALUD, UNA VISIÓN DE PASADO Y PRESENTE.
Authors: Peña Jenny , Perdomo Lina María , Cuartas Daniel Elías
Published: July 2017

Los actuales problemas de salud pública de una sociedad cada vez más urbanizada requieren de abordajes sistémicos en el que deben participar diversas disciplinas. La geografía como disciplina, que estudia el espacio geográfico en el que ocurren los eventos en salud, requiere reconocer que la relación hombre – ambiente desde tiempos remotos ha involucrado de diferente forma elementos geográficos y la manera como dichos elementos se materializaron en la comprensión e intervención de la enfermedad, dependió de enfoques como la visión mágica de la enfermedad, el determinismo de la naturaleza, la teoría de los miasmas, las topografías médicas, la geografía médica y actualmente lo que se ha denominado geografía de la salud. Estas visiones y marcos conceptuales no necesariamente se desarrollaron sincrónicamente, por el contrario fueron el resultado de las rupturas propias del desarrollo de la sociedad occidental y de la sociedad del conocimiento.
EL TERRITORIO Y SU ORDENAMIENTO: REFLEXIONES CONCEPTUALES ALREDEDOR DE LA MODERNIDAD.
Authors: Quintero Mallungo Bayron
Published: July 2017

Partiendo de la premisa según la cual el territorio no es un mero contenedor  de acontecimientos sino, por el contrario, un actor dinámico y determinante de las formas de interacción social, política, económica y cultural; el presente documento pretende rastrear y leer la manera en que la cuestión territorial se ha venido modificando, ontológica y epistemológicamente, a través del tiempo, acudiendo para ello a una separación analítica de la modernidad en tres períodos: la premodernidad, la modernidad sólida y la modernidad líquida. En este contexto, se realiza una caracterización de cada etapa apoyada en material cartográfico pertinente y, posteriormente, con el objetivo incentivar la discusión, se plantea una yuxtaposición de conceptos y realidades espaciales, amparada bajo el concepto de territorialidades superpuestas y, a partir de allí, se propone una aproximación al caso colombiano, dada su complejidad.
Prensa y manipulación en "La Guerra del Fin del Mundo"
Authors: Patiño Millán Carlos
Published: July 2017

Reconocido como escritor, ensayista y periodista,el peruano Mario Vargas Llosa conoce las diferencias existentes entre objetividad y subjetividad,y las distancias que hay entre la realidad real y mundo imaginado. Así, cabría leer su novela total La guerra del fin del mundo como un gran fresco sobre el Brasil finisecular: ahí están los proyectos nacionales,la pobreza, la arbitrariedad, los sincretismos religiosos, el tránsito modernizador del Imperio a la República, las luchas partidistas, los iluminismos propios de fin de siglo, la represión, la manipulación de la prensa, los gestos y sacrificios heroicos, el amor en la época, etc. ¿Quién alega que Vargas Llosa no está(re)escribiendo la historia desde la ficción? Vargas Llosa no estuvo ahí, no presenció los hechos,pero nos muestra, en tono y en espíritu, los imaginarios de aquellos tiempos.
KEPUASAN PENGGUNA JASA TRANSPORTASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS
Authors: Saribanon Euis , Sitanggang Rohana , Amrizal Amrizal
Published: July 2017

This study aims to analyze and describe the direct and indirect effects between service quality and ticket fare through customer satisfaction to achieve customer loyalty of Perum DAMRI Land Transport service at central office /Prime Pull Perum Damri in Jakarta. The population is Perum DAMRI customers who have used the services of Perum DAMRI several times for several destinations. While the sample is Perum DAMRI customers in the Region of DKI Jakarta of 125 respondents, using purposive sampling. The analysis used in this research is Path Analysis Method. The calculations indicate that the variables of service quality to customer satisfaction is significant. Based on calculations, it is indicated that the ticket fare variable to consumer satisfaction is significant. Consumer satisfaction can be an intervening variable between service quality and loyalty of consumers. Consumer satisfaction can be an intervening variable between the ticket fare to the customers’ loyalty. Based on the test results, the variable of consumer satisfaction on customer loyalty is significant, Adjusted R Square (R2) of 0.981 shows that 98.1 % of the variance or consumer loyalty is determined by the independent variables and intervening variables in the regression equation
KESELAMATAN BERLALU LINTAS DI KOTA BOGOR
Authors: Kurniati Ni Luh Wayan Rita , Setiawan Indra , Sihombing Sarinah
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of rider discipline, motor condition and road, on traffic safety. This research is a quantitative research using path analysis method. The population of this study were 42,625 riders of KS Tubun and Tajur roads. The sample is 684 riders with sample technique using incidental sampling. The results showthat traffic safety (X3) is strongly influenced by motorist discipline (X1) and Motor and Road conditions (X2). Safety in traffic will increase if the means of traffic infrastructure,Motor and Road conditions are function properly asthe vehicle equipments, traffic signs,markers, road user safety equipment, road conditions, and other traffic support facilities
Luis de Morales. Influencias indirectas e interrelación de escuelas españolas: nuevas obras
Authors: Mateo Gómez Isabel
Published: July 2017

Se dan a conocer nuevas obras de Morales sujetas a la interrelación de escuelas españolas y no leonardescas.
USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE IMPACT OF VIETGAP PROGRAM ON THE HEALTH OF FARMERS IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Bảo Châu Trần Huỳnh
Published: July 2017

Abstract:

This study estimates the impact value of the VietGAP program when applied to vegetable production on the health of farmers in Thua Thien Hue province. By employing the propensity score matching (PSM) method, our findings show that the VietGAP program has a significant impact on farmers’ health. In particular, the program reduces farmers’ health problems due to pesticide exposure by 15.6 %, 22.9 %, 25.5 %, and 23.6 %, respectively, from four types of matching. This study provides evidence of the positive impacts of the VietGAP program on the health status of farmers in Thua Thien Hue province. It is therefore hoped that the production, consumption, and management solutions provided by the VietGAP program can encourage farmers to use environment-friendly agricultural practices.

Keywords: propensity score matching (PSM) method, VietGAP program, farmers’ health
No, Prime Minister: Revisiting Diefenbaker and the “Pearsonalities”
Authors: McKercher Asa
Published: July 2017

John Diefenbaker has been portrayed as having been out of his league in foreign affairs. In part, his lack of foreign policy successes have been blamed on his poor relationship with Canadian diplomats, who he feared were “Pearsonalities” loyal to former Liberal foreign minister Lester Pearson. Yet, historians have largely dismissed Diefenbaker's suspicions. First revisiting the poor relationship between Diefenbaker and the diplomats, this article then focuses on one highly divisive policy issue: the prime minister's rhetorical war against the Soviet Union, notably a campaign, carried out from 1960–62, to have the un pass a resolution condemning Soviet colonialism. Commentators have been unkind toward this campaign, in part because it was so obviously driven by domestic political calculations but also, and relatedly, because it sparked a feud between the prime minister and Canadian diplomats. As this article makes clear, there were in fact Pearsonalities actively working against Diefenbaker on this issue, a finding that raises questions about the Canadian tradition of civil service loyalty and that fits within the ongoing historiographical trend of adding nuance to the study of Diefenbaker's foreign policy.
Modeling Long-Term Highway Staffing Requirements for State Transportation Agencies
Authors: Li Ying , Taylor Timothy R. B. , Dadi Gabriel B. , Sturgill Roy E.
Published: July 2017

State transportation agencies (STAs) across the country face many challenges in repairing and enhancing highway infrastructure to meet rapidly increasing transportation needs. One of these challenges is maintaining an adequate and efficient agency staff. To effectively plan for future staffing levels, STAs need a method for forecasting long-term staffing requirements. However, the methods currently in use cannot function without well-defined projects; therefore, making long-term forecasts is difficult. This paper seeks to develop a dynamic model that captures the feedback mechanisms within the system that determines highway staffing requirements. The system dynamics modeling method was used to build the forecasting model. The formal model was based on dynamic hypotheses derived from a literature review and interviews with transportation experts. Qualitative and quantitative data from literature and federal and state databases were used to support the values and equations in the model. The model integrates STAs’ strategic plans, funding situations, and staffing strategies and determines future staffing levels and will hopefully fill the absence of long-term forecasting tools at STAs. Standard system dynamics validation procedures were used to test the model, after which input data specific to the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet were used to calibrate the model and to simulate an expected retirement wave and search for solutions to address temporary staffing shortages.
Use of Carbon Nanotubes to Improve Fracture Toughness of Polymer Concrete
Authors: Douba Ala Eddin , Emiroglu Mehmet , Tarefder Rafiqul A. , Kandil Usama F. , Reda Taha Mahmoud
Published: July 2017

Bridge deck overlays often require materials that are durable and easy to apply and that have a long fatigue life. In many applications, polymer concrete (PC) has been chosen not only because it meets such requirements but also because it offers additional features such as high friction. However, the service life of PC overlays is reduced, and cracking occurs because of the continuous increase in traffic loads. This paper investigates the use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to improve the fracture toughness and fatigue service life of PC. Pristine MWCNTs (P-MWCNTs) and MWCNTs functionalized with carboxyl (COOH-MWCNTs) were used at 0.0- (neat), 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, and 2.0-wt.% contents. Three-point bending tests of notched beams were carried out in which the loading rate was controlled by crack mouth opening displacement. Direct tension tests were also used to examine the effect of MWCNTs on the tensile properties of PC. The results showed that MWCNTs improved the fracture toughness of PC by up to 56% and 112% for P-MWCNTs and COOH-MWCNTs, respectively. Samples prepared with P-MWCNTs showed increased ductility; samples with COOH-MWCNTs provided increased tensile strength. Microstructural analysis with a scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed how different types of MWCNTs at different weight contents influenced the behavior of PC.
Modernizing and Streamlining Waterborne Traffic Paint Specifications
Authors: Greyson Eric , Metla Dhara , Gallagher Joy , Schall Donald
Published: July 2017

Quick-dry waterborne traffic paints have dramatically improved since their introduction more than 25 years ago, largely because of improvements in waterborne polymer technology. Paints today can be designed to better meet the needs of the pavement marking industry, but the improved performance is only realized when specifications are kept up to date. Because of the many separate specifying agencies, there is significant disparity in specifications in terms of approach, requirements, test types and procedures, and language. Furthermore, specifications are commonly filled with historical remnants (i.e., tests that are outdated or redundant or that do not predict or correlate with performance in the field). This paper draws on three decades of laboratory and field trial data to demonstrate some of the variation in performance from one paint to another and to provide some guidance on what types of tests and specifications can help a road authority ensure it is getting good quality traffic paint. The data are presented to outline and propose strategies for updating, improving, and streamlining waterborne traffic paint specifications.
Laboratory-Based Retroreflectivity Assessment of Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
Authors: Pike Adam M.
Published: July 2017

Pavement markings are often supplemented with raised retroreflective pavement markers (RRPMs) to provide increased visibility, especially in wet nighttime conditions. To provide adequate visibility, highway agencies need to replace their markings and markers before they reach inadequate levels of performance. Currently, there are no quantitative visibility performance requirements for in-service RRPMs. Most markers are replaced on the basis of visual inspection or predetermined replacement schedules. This paper presents an initial investigation into the impacts of different measurement systems and different geometries on the quantitative evaluation of the visibility of RRPMs. A key question was how the different measurement geometries affected the retroreflective performance of RRPMs. The research found that when the observation angle was held at 0.2° and the entrance angle increased, the coefficient of luminous intensity also increased. This finding was true for every color and brand of marker for the geometries tested. There was a notable drop in performance when the evaluation geometry was changed from pavement marker geometry to pavement marking geometry. When the photometric range was used, the pavement marking geometry resulted in data that were 7.8% of the values from the standard marker geometry. Charge-coupled device photometer measurements resulted in pavement marking geometry results that were on average 6.7% of the value of the RRPM geometry. These values being close indicated that the two measurement types were comparable and that the markers could consistently be evaluated at the two distinct geometries.
Ohio Bridge Condition Index: Multilevel Cost-Based Performance Index for Bridge Systems
Authors: Fereshtehnejad Ehsan , Hur Jieun , Shafieezadeh Abdollah , Brokaw Mike
Published: July 2017

Ohio has one of the largest portfolios of transportation assets with the second largest number of bridges in the United States. These bridges, of varying ages, comprise diverse configurations and structural features and are exposed to various environmental conditions and service loads. These factors, among others, pose a significant challenge in evaluating the performance of these assets and managing their safety and serviceability. This paper presents a practical and efficient measure called the bridge condition index (BCI) for the reliable condition assessment of Ohio bridges through the effective use of the Ohio Department of Transportation’s bridge databases. The Ohio BCI (OBCI) is intended to evaluate bridges at the element, component, bridge, and network levels and reflect the impact on the condition of the system of existing defects as well as maintenance, repair, and replacement actions for the condition enhancement of individual elements. To compare the direct and indirect consequences to users and agencies of various condition states of bridges, a unified metric based on cost is proposed for the OBCI formulation. This index is demonstrated for a real bridge in Ohio. To examine the efficiency of the OBCI, the results are compared with the bridge health index, which is a common bridge performance metric. The proposed metric can assist in the proper maintenance of transportation systems and effectively enhance their efficiency, safety, and capacity.
Geschmacksstörung (Dysgeusie) und Radioiodtherapie des Schilddrüsenkarzinoms
Authors: Drzezga Alexander , Dietlein Markus
Published: July 2017

Geschmacksstörungen (Hypo-, Dysgeusie) nach Radioiodtherapie des Schilddrüsenkarzinoms stellen in der Abgrenzung zur Xerosto mie eine separate Komorbidität dar. Bei der Hypogeusie handelt es sich um die Folge einer Sialadenitis kleiner muköser Speicheldrüsen - der Geschmacksdrüsen - in Nachbarschaft zu den Geschmacksknospen. Klinisch relevant werden die Hypo- und Dysgeusie zumeist durch Wechselwirkungen mit einer Begleitmedikation, zuvorderst Psychopharmaka und Tranquilizer. Sofern medizinisch vertretbar, sollten bei Dysgeusie nebenwirkungsbehaftete Medikamente ersetzt werden. Weitere Noxen sollten eliminiert werden (Nikotinkarenz, Wechsel der Zahnpflegeprodukte). Mit Bezug auf eine Radioiodtherapie mit relativer Indikation sollte die Patientenaufklärung mögliche Behandlungsalternativen benennen. Die Risikoaufklärung sollte die möglichen klinischen Konsequenzen aus einer Sialadenitis (Xerostomie, Dysgeusie, Kariesanfälligkeit, trockenes Auge, Tränenträufeln durch Obstruktion des Tränenkanals) komplett beschreiben. Die Möglichkeiten der131 I-Aktivitätsreduktion sollten risikoadaptiert genutzt werden. Ob darüber hinaus die Anwendung von rhTSH zur Risikominimierung des Dysgeusie hilfreich ist, bleibt aufgrund heterogener Beobachtungsdaten unklar. Der Nuklearmediziner sollte um die multifaktoriellen Zusammenhänge in der Genese einer Dysgeusie wissen, falls sich der Patient nach Radioiodtherapie ratsuchend an den Nuklearmediziner wendet.
Prevalence Of Obesity Among Elderly Participants Of A Health Education Service
Authors: Lucena Adriana Lira Rufino de , Matos Suellen Duarte de Oliveira , Andrade Smalyanna Sgren da Costa , Brito Karen Krystine Gonçalves de , Diniz Iraktânia Vitorino , Aguiar Elizabeth Souza Silva de , Freitas Fabiana Ferraz Queiroga , Moreira Gerlane Ângela Da Costa , Silva Mirian Alves da , Vieira Kay Francis Leal , Soares Maria Júlia Guimarães Oliveira , Carvalho Michelle Alves de , Oliveira Simone Helena Dos Santos , Costa Marta Miriam Lopes
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND: the detection of obesity is shown relevant considering that with aging there is progressive loss of lean body mass and increased the proportion of body fat, and also metabolic changes and reduced physical activities that require increased energy and weight loss, contributing to obesity installation, which in turn exert implications on health and social life of the elderly. Before with these consequences of obesity and its impact on the health of the elderly, the study aimed to identify the prevalence of obesity among elderly participants of a university extension project.

METHOD: Exploratory and descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The sample is constituted by 96 elderly people of both sexes registered in the project.

RESULT: It appears that the 37 elderly people (38.54%) had some degree of obesity. Obesity classification prevailed 57.63% of non-obese overweight status, while among the obese, 67.57% is in obesity I.

CONCLUSION: It is believed that knowing this reality helps medical and nursing actions in promotion of strategies of healthy lifestyles and encouragement, making interaction for personal responsibility in training for self-care and improved quality of life.
The Assessment of Foreign Direct Investment Influence on The Country’s Economic Competitiveness
Authors: Danilevičienė Irena , Lukšytė Vilma
Published: July 2017

The value of investment is constantly growing in todays world.Foreign direct investments are like a way of capital attraction, which ensures the regional development. Investors are given freedom of choice and most of the attention is traditionally devoted to increasing the flow of investments. The article analyzes the complex issue of the influence of foreign direct investment for the growth of the country’s economic competitiveness. The object of the article is direct foreign investment. The objective of this article is to evaluate the influence of foreign direct investments to the countries economic competitiveness. The following tasks have been implemented: to analyze the scientific literature of define conception of the foreign direct investment, to analyze factors of foreign direct investment promote attraction, to assess the influence of foreign direct investment for economic competitiveness. In this article, the following methods of analysis are used: an analysis and summarize of the scientific literature, the theoretical and practical statements matching method, analysis of the statistical data.
Constraining the Physical State of the Hot Gas Halos in NGC 4649 and NGC 5846
Authors: Paggi Alessandro , Kim Dong-Woo , Anderson Craig , Burke Doug , D’Abrusco Raffaele , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Fruscione Antonella , Gokas Tara , Lauer Jen , McCollough Michael , Morgan Doug , Mossman Amy , O’Sullivan Ewan , Trinchieri Ginevra , Vrtilek Saeqa , Pellegrini Silvia , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Brodie Jean
Published: July 2017

We present results of a joint Chandra/XMM-Newton analysis of the early-type galaxies NGC 4649 and NGC 5846 aimed at investigating differences between mass profiles derived from X-ray data and those from optical data, to probe the state of the hot interstellar medium (ISM) in these galaxies. If the hot ISM is at a given radius in hydrostatic equilibrium (HE), the X-ray data can be used to measure the total enclosed mass of the galaxy. Differences from optically derived mass distributions therefore yield information about departures from HE in the hot halos. The X-ray mass profiles in different angular sectors of NGC 4649 are generally smooth with no significant azimuthal asymmetries within 12 kpc. Extrapolation of these profiles beyond this scale yields results consistent with the optical estimate. However, in the central region (

kpc) the X-ray data underpredict the enclosed mass, when compared with the optical mass profiles. Consistent with previous results, we estimate a nonthermal pressure component accounting for 30% of the gas pressure, likely linked to nuclear activity. In NGC 5846 the X-ray mass profiles show significant azimuthal asymmetries, especially in the NE direction. Comparison with optical mass profiles in this direction suggests significant departures from HE, consistent with bulk gas compression and decompression due to sloshing on ∼15 kpc scales; this effect disappears in the NW direction, where the emission is smooth and extended. In this sector we find consistent X-ray and optical mass profiles, suggesting that the hot halo is not responding to strong nongravitational forces.
The Evidence of Radio Polarization Induced by the Radiative Grain Alignment and Self-scattering of Dust Grains in a Protoplanetary Disk
Authors: Kataoka Akimasa , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Pohl Adriana , Muto Takayuki , Nagai Hiroshi , Stephens Ian W. , Tomisaka Kohji , Momose Munetake
Published: July 2017

The mechanisms causing millimeter-wave polarization in protoplanetary disks are under debate. To disentangle the polarization mechanisms, we observe the protoplanetary disk around HL Tau at 3.1 mm with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), which had the polarization detected with CARMA at 1.3 mm. We successfully detect the ring-like azimuthal polarized emission at 3.1 mm. This indicates that dust grains are aligned with the major axis being in the azimuthal direction, which is consistent with the theory of radiative alignment of elongated dust grains, where the major axis of dust grains is perpendicular to the radiation flux. Furthermore, the morphology of the polarization vectors at 3.1 mm is completely different from those at 1.3 mm. We interpret the polarization at 3.1 mm to be dominated by the grain alignment with the radiative flux producing azimuthal polarization vectors, while the self-scattering dominates at 1.3 mm and produces the polarization vectors parallel to the minor axis of the disk. By modeling the total polarization fraction with a single grain population model, the maximum grain size is constrained to be

, which is smaller than the previous predictions based on the spectral index between ALMA at 3 mm and the Very Large Array at 7 mm.
Proposal for an index to evaluate dichotomous keys
Authors: Sinh Nguyen Van , Wiemers Martin , Settele Josef
Published: July 2017

Dichotomous keys are the most popular type of identification keys. Studies have been conducted to evaluate dichotomous keys in many aspects. In this paper we propose an index for quantitative evaluation of dichotomous keys (Edicho). The index is based on the evenness and allows comparing identification keys of different sizes.
Rénovation urbaine post-industrielle et mise en ambiance méditerranéenne à Kawasaki : une rédemption par le pastiche ?
Authors: Bocquet Denis
Published: July 2017

Dans un centre-ville où une ancienne usine Toshiba constituait une friche industrielle coupant la ville en deux et où les flux de passagers des trains de banlieue arrivant de Tokyo se déversaient sans réellement donner à l’espace une consistance d’urbanité, les autorités municipales de Kawasaki décidèrent, à la fin des années 1990, de confier à deux architectes étrangers, Jon Jerde et Ricardo Bofill, le soin de travailler sur les ambiances urbaines. Les solutions retenues jouent toutes les deux sur la mise en scène d’un caractère méditerranéen et sur la construction de toutes pièces d’une atmosphère urbaine transplantée. L’objet du présent article est d’analyser comment ce décalage, créé dans la fiction culturelle d’un référent déplacé, reflète certaines tendances contemporaines de l’urbanisme post-moderne et thématisé, illustre le choix du pastiche comme voie de création d’urbanité face aux impasses de la foi en la puissance urbaine de la technologie, et invite à réfléchir sur les caractères mêmes de ce qui fonde l’urbanité.
Influence of Heat-Treatment and Rolling Conditions on the Mechanical Warm Forming Properties of Twin-Roll Cast AZ31
Authors: Berge Franz , Moses Marie , Kawalla Rudolf , Ullmann Madlen
Published: July 2017

Magnesium sheets are used for wide-ranging applications in the automotive sector. In contrast to conventional magnesium processing routes for strips, twin-roll casting (TRC) and hot rolling is a cost-efficient production process for magnesium strips and sheets. As part of previous research strategies, the optimization of the thermomechanical treatment of magnesium alloys has resulted in excellent mechanical properties for the component design. However, the previously determined results at room temperature cannot be correlated with the warm forming behaviour during the component production. This is due to different deformation mechanisms, which are active at various temperatures. For TRC material, there is a lack of knowledge about the influence of heat-treatment and rolling on the final mechanical properties at hot working temperatures. This article depicts the investigations done on the influence of heat-treatment and hot rolling conditions on the mechanical properties of AZ31 strips at tensile deformation temperatures of 20 °C and 300 °C.
Metal Forming Aspects of Cyclic Severe Plastic Deformation of Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloys Using MaxStrain Device
Authors: Komarov Victor , Khmelevskaya Irina , Korpala Grzegorz , Kawalla Rudolf , Prokoshkin Sergey
Published: July 2017

The effect of severe plastic deformation using MaxStrain (MS) device which is a part of the Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator of rolling and forging processes on the structure and functional properties of Ti–50.0 at.% Ni shape memory alloy has been studied. The use of the MS module allows performing SPD of the material under isothermal conditions with precise control of the deformation parameters. The deformation temperature was lowered from 370 to 330 °C. The accumulated true strain varied from e=4.6 to 9.5. Structure features were studied by the transmission electron microscopy. The maximum completely recoverable strain was determined by a thermomechanical method using a bending mode for strain inducing. A mixed submicrocrystalline and nanosubgrained structure with average grain/subgrain size below 100 nm was formed using SPD at 330 °C. A very high completely reсoverable strain (9.3%) was obtained against a reference treatment (2.5%).
Correlation Image Analysis of Surface Roughness
Authors: Abul’hanov S.R. , Skuratov Dmitrii Leonidovich , Khaimovich Alexander I.
Published: July 2017

The authors proposed a procedure for determining parallel matchmarks in the halftone image of the rough surface. The analysis of micron-scale asperities was carried out in black and white. Relationships between coordinates of variable pixel-value sections of the microasperities under investigation were identified using the correlation analysis. The authors determined the asymmetrical distribution of various grayscales in the image of the polished surface. For that reason, the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was found to identify microrelief regularities that enabled to determine peaks of parallel matchmarks available on the rough surface.It is necessary to apply special filtration in order to determine periodicity of linear matchmarks which will remove point inclusions from the surface image (carbides, impurities, impregnated particles, etc.). Small inclusions in the image of the surface being analyzed are considered to be the “noise” while conducting the correlation analysis.The findings are relevant for quality control of optical surfaces. The developed program for calculating the correlation coefficient may be built into a product automatic control system used in bulk production.
V-Shape Part Bending Process Realized in Tool with Elastic Elements
Authors: Nesterenko Elena
Published: July 2017

A simultaneous process of bending and correction of V-shape workpiece to get 90 ̊ with usage of elastic element in combined tool is represented. During banding a plastic deformation process accompanied with elastic deformation inside workpiece takes place that turn to reflexing after stress load is finished (reflexing - changing of received geometric parameters of workpiece). That influence on radius and banding angle accuracy of a workpiece. Elastic elements, produced from spring steel and placed on die and piston are used to correct geometry during final stage of bending due to happened inside them elastic stresses. A banding-correcting of 90 ̊ V-shape workpiece with usage of elastic elements model technique was implemented. Model technique discover positive influence of elastic elements: reflex angle value decreases 5-8 times, workpiece has correct strain-stress condition, correct geometry and minimum dimension deviation.
Product Development of High Power Electronics for High Reliability Applications
Authors: Teixeira Tiago M. L. , Bevan Juan
Published: July 2017

The goal of this study was to achieve an improvement on power conversion based on SiC High Power Electronic devices at high temperature (+220°C). Two different devices (a SiC Schottky Diode & a Schottky Diode Bridge Rectifier) were studied using different substrates, die attach materials and die. Positive results were achieved; it was found a strong relationship between wire bond strength and die attach material; it was evident the two different die chosen for the study resulted in different electrical performance on the devices; and that, from the arrays of tests, there was no evident data to prefer one of the two substrates chosen for the study.