bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro plant propagation and crop improvement in Lisianthus (Lisianthus Russelianus Hook.)
Authors: Pop Rodica , Cantor Maria , Buta Erzsebet , Csete Iudita
Published: December 2016

Romania assists at the present time to an increase of production crops for ornamental plants and as a consequence an increased demand of planting material. Thus, improvements of the current multiplication methods are sought after. Lisianthus russelianus Hook. (Eustoma grandiflorum Grise.) is a relatively new floral crop to the international market, known for beautiful flowers of various colors and for having a long vase life. This study focused on the development of an efficient protocol for rapid regeneration of this species following known basic and applied aspects of lisianthus biotechnology but exploring new potentials. In the course of experiments conducted, for in vitro multiplication there were used nodal segments (1.5 cm) with axillary buds from three F1 hybrids ‘Echo Lavender’, ‘Flamenco White’, ‘Mirage Pastel Pink’ that were inoculated on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.50 mg 1-1 TDZ, 1.0 mg 1-1 BAP and 0.50 mg 1-1 AIA. The results show that the medium with BAP was most effective for obtaining the highest shoots number compared to medium containing TDZ. For rooting induction, two different concentrations of auxin IBA 0.5 mg 1-1 and 1.5 mg 1-1 were used simultaneously on MS basal medium. The highest roots number occurred when using 1.5 mg 1-1 IBA. Both the number of shoots and rooting regeneration were dependent on the cultivar. The highest shoots number was achieved for ’Mirage Pastel Pink’ hybrid (6.91) on the medium containing 1.0 mg 1-1 BAP and 0.50 mg 1-1 IAA.
Comparative study of non-ionic contrast agents Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 in myelography in dogs
Authors: Lăcătuș Radu , Purdoiu Robert Cristian , Filip Ardelean , Matei Ileana , Muntean Maximiliean , Papuc Ionel
Published: December 2016

Introduction: An essential quality of non-ionic contrast agents is that of containing in their chemical composition, elements with high atomic weight, which determine an increasing absorption of the X-ray beam and this will cause intense radiopacity. The possibilities for radiological exploration with non-ionic contrast agents are very wide. Currently the radiological examination with contrast agent no longer constitutes a risky step in medical diagnosis. Aims: To highlight the importance of using the non-ionic contrast agents Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 in dog’s myelography and to compare the changes induced in cerebrospinal fluid and blood biochemical constituents by the administration of those non-ionic contrast substances. Materials and Methods: To determine the influence of non-ionic preparations Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 on cerebrospinal fluid and on some haematological parameters were included in the study a total of 10 dogs. Results: Myelographies with Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 in dogs with severe spinal condition negatively influence biochemical and haematological blood status, being necessary to take preventive measures. Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 administration cause a slight sensitization of liver with blood biochemical parameters return to normal within 24-48 hours. Conclusion: Non-ionic contrast agents Optiray 350 and Ultravist 370 offer a very good opacification of the subarachnoidian space, but because it causes liver sensitization, we recommend using them with caution and only after a prior check of liver function.
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY STANDING LAPAROSCOPY AND INGUINAL CELIOTOMY APPROACH OF THE CRYPTORCHID CANADIAN PONY STALLION – CASE REPORT
Authors: Igna Cornel , Dascalu Roxana , Bumb Daniel , Sicoe Bogdan , Schuszler Larisa
Published: December 2016

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT BY STANDING LAPAROSCOPY AND INGUINAL CELIOTOMY APPROACH OF THE CRYPTORCHID CANADIAN PONY STALLION – CASE REPORT   Cornel IGNA1*, Roxana DASCALU1, Daniel BUMB1, Bogdan Sicoe1, Larisa SCHUSZLER1 1 Banat’s University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, Romania *Corresponding author, e-mail: ignacornel@gmail.com Keywords: cryptorchidectomy, inguinal celiotomy, laparoscopic, stallion pony Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has become an accepted method of identification and removal of intra-abdominal testes in the horse. Wilson and Madison – 1989 describe the use of laparoscopy to diagnose an abdominal retained testes. Since then numerous laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy techniques have been described. Aims: In the encountered specialty literature there are few reports in which standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy could not be performed in stallions including miniature horse too. Because there are no informations regarding laparoscopic surgery in large animals in romanian literature this report describes the surgical management of a Canadian pony diagnosed with partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism at which laparoscopic castration has failed and the removal of the retained testicle has been made through inguinal celiotomy. Materials and Methods: A 4-year-old unilaterally cryptorchid Canadian pony was admitted for castration. The left testis was in the scrotum, but neither the right testis nor the right epididymis could be located by external palpation of the right inguinal canal. The proposed treatment was laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy with pony standing in stock. With a long-handled forceps inserted into the abdominal cavity, the testis cord is gently grasped and moderate traction without success in bringing the testicle into the abdomen - retained testis. After the failure of laparascopic cryptorchidectomy but having an exact diagnosis - partial abdominal unilaterally cryptorchidism, we have proceeded to open cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach with pony anesthetized and positioned in dorsal recumbency. Results: This case report reveals that the major disadvantage of the cryptorchidectomy by flank approach is the inability to remove an inguinally retained testis. Conclusion: If the location of the testis is unknown, the standing laparoscopic diagnose can be decisive. Cryptorchidectomy via inguinal approach and noninvasive method for identifying and everting the vaginal process by traction of the inguinal extension of the gubernaculum testis are commonly facile procedure.
TREATMENT OF DOGS WITH ORAL MELANOMA RECURRENCE BY DIODE LASER EXCISION
Authors: Igna Cornel , Bumb Daniel , Sicoe Bogdan , Dascalu Roxana , Schuszler Larisa
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Treatment of oral melanomas utilizes the surgical excision-resection (Culp et al., 2013) and/or radiation therapy (Proulx et al., 2003), chemotherapy with carboplatin (Brockley et al., 2013), immunotherapy (Ottnod et al., 2013). Treatment based on surgical excision is usually palliative (Freeman et al., 2003). Aims: In the literature even though there are data concerning the prognosis of oral melanomas in dogs after surgery, are missing data after laser excision. Taking into account these findings we wished to present our experience regarding three cases of oral melanoma recurrence and immediate and long term laser surgery results. Materials and Methods: The casuistry consisted of three dogs with recurrent oral malignant melanomas, subjected to surgical reintervention. The initial diagnosis was melanotic melanoma in stage I or II. The animals were brought back at different time intervals from originally excision with electric scalpel. Before reintervention, dogs were subjected to clinical, paraclinical exam and biopsy. Excision of the tumor mass was made with an optical fiber hawing a diameter of 400µm, at a power of 10W and a wavelength of 940 nm with a diode laser. At 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after laser reintervention the dogs were reexamined. Results: Average time in which appeared canine oral melanoma relapse was 58.6 days. After reexamination all cases where reinstatement in stage I. Operators times were held in conditions of comfort with wide access, minimum bleeding, effective hemostasis. After surgery at 24 hours on the intervention place a slight local redness, without swelling and bleeding was observed. Palpation revealed initially also a slight local sensitivity which completely disappeared in 48 hours. There were no grasping and chewing disturbances. Macroscopic healing occurred in 7-9 days. At last recheck performed at 12 months there were no evidences of tumour recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: Diode laser excision of oral malignant melanoma in dogs can be an alternative palliative procedure to invasive surgical resection procedures. The average of free recurrence and metastasis time after laser surgery has exceeded 360 days in these three cases.
The Influence of Solar Radiation on the Antioxidant Systems in Blood of Dairy Cows and the Processing of the Data Using Wavelets Transforms
Authors: Pusta Dana Liana , Sobolu Rodica , Andrei Sanda , Raducu Camelia , Pop Ioana , Tabaran Alexandra , Reget Oana , Borzan Mihai , Pasca Ioan
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this paper was to observe if in cattle, exposed to the solar radiation, could be noticed a certain reaction of the organism related to the oxidative stress. The study was made in the period May - August 2014, on a group of 16 Romanian Simmental dairy cows, kept on pasture during the day. The processing of the determined data were made using wavelet transforms (In-Place Fast Haar Wavelets Transform). The results of the experiment shown that when Temperature Humidity Indexes (THI) are higher than 72 (the superior limit for thermal comfort in cattle), the oxidative stress appeared in dairy cows. This oxidative stress was mainly manifested by the increasing of superoxide dismutase with 95% in August compared to May, followed by the increasing of the catalase with 79% and of glutathione peroxidase with 13%. The increasing of the antioxidant enzymes level was directly co-related with THI. We considered that the determination of the antioxidant enzymes level was an appropriate model for studying the influence of hot environment on the oxidative status of dairy cows. The wavelets transforms can be easier applied to practical data compared to the classical statistical methods.
STRUCTURAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE EPITHELIUM LINING THE LAMB EPIGLOTTIS
Authors: Rus Vasile , Ruxanda Flavia , Matosz Bianca , Ratiu Cristian , Gal Adrian Florin , Miclaus Viorel
Published: December 2016

Epiglottis presents a central axis covered by mucosa. The aim of this study was highlighting the type of epithelium lining the lamb epiglottis. Thus, we histologically processed the epiglottis from 3 lambs. The epithelium lining the whole epiglottis surface is non-keratinized stratified squamous, with different thickness from one side to the other. Hence, on the pharyngeal side the epithelium is twice as thick as the one found on the laryngeal side.
In Vitro Sensitivity Research Concerning Some Microorganisms at Hydroxyquinoline and Cupric Derivatives Deposited onto Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Rapuntean Sorin , Pop Alexandru , Miclaus Vasile , Garbo Corina , Chirila Flore , Rapuntean Gheorghe , Fit Nicodim , Farcau Horea , Tomoaia-Cotisel Maria
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT Introduction: The preparations based on hydroxyquinoline, in various combinations, are used in medicine, being shown to have an inhibitory effect against bacteria, molds, fungi, parasites, and viruses, but also having other beneficial effects mentioned in other medical conditions (anti-cancer, anti-degenerative, anti-inflammatory). Aims: In vitro susceptibility testing of microorganisms: bacteria (Gram positive and Gram negative), yeast (Candida spp.,) and unicellular algae (Prototheca spp.) at the preparations based on hydroxyquinoline (HQ) and its cupric derivatives deposited on hydroxyapatite (HAP). Materials and methods: There were tested microbial strains of the following genera: Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Bacillus, Candida, and Prototheca. The tested products (developed in the Laboratory for Nanobiomaterials Synthesis, Center of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, UBB Cluj-Napoca) were developed in three versions: 1) HQ–Cu2+–HAP1; 2) HQ–Cu2+–HAP2; and 3) NHQ–Cu2+–HAP2, where NHQ stands for nitro hydroxyquinoline. Determination of the inhibitory effect was conducted by diffusion technique in nutrient agar, according to CLSI 2013 standards, with necessary adaptations for testing of products made in the form of suspensions. Results: Following interpretation, it was found that the inhibition zones, arising from the antimicrobial effect of the tested products showed variability in size, depending on the test product and the microbial strain: Escherichia coli (8-10 mm), Staphylococcus sp. (17.6 - 23.2 mm), Micrococcus spp. (24.4 - 27.6 mm), Bacillus spp. (14.0 - 16.0 mm), Candida spp. (20.4 - 25.2 mm), Prototheca spp. (20.8 - 30.0 mm). From the three tested products, the best efficacy was found at the product no. 3 (NHQ – Cu2+ – HAP2), followed by no. 1 (HQ– Cu2+–HAP1) and no. 2 (HQ–Cu2+–HAP2). Conclusions: The inhibitory effect was bactericidal, manifested more intensively against Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts, and prototheca. Such products, prepared in the form of suspensions, may have practical application in the prevention and treatment of skin or hooves disorders. No resistance phenomena are recorded. Keywords: copper, hydroxyapatite, hydroxyquinoline, microorganisms, sensitivity.
Methods for Diagnosing Some Malignant Neoplasms of the Canine Nasal Mucosa
Authors: Balint Emilia Florica , Dumitrescu Florin , Mihai Iuliana , Manolescu Nicolae
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study is to highlight the easiest method of investigation (nasal lavage or rhinoscopy) depending on the animal condition. 18 dogs were investigated, which presented at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, with respiratory distress due to obstruction of the nasal cavities. The sampling for cytological diagnosis was done using the two techniques, the nasal lavage and rhinoscopy. It is most useful to try the lavage first, because it is less invasive, and only then, if case of poor cellularity after centrifugation, or in case of a inflammatory process with unfavourable post-treatment evolution, endoscopy will be used. Cytomorphological diagnosis using, after rhinoscopy or nasal lavage, have evidentiated the following forms of nasal cancer: 10 cases out of 18 were epithelial neoplasms of the olfactory mucosa; 6 cases out of 18 were nerve tumors (malignant melanoma, estesiocarcinoma); 2 cases out of 18 were mesenchymal tumors (osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma). The nasal lavage is a good sampling method but has the disadvantage of sometimes encountering an acute or chronic inflammatory process that can shield the tumor process.
Therapeutic efficacy and safety evaluation of erythrocyte concentrate used in dogs
Authors: Barabasi Ildiko , Stefanut Cristina , Ognean Laurent
Published: December 2016

Therapeutic efficacy and safety evaluation of erythrocyte concentrate used in dogs 1Ildikó BARABÁSI, 1Cristina ȘTEFǍNUȚ, 1Laurenţ OGNEAN 1University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400037, Manastur street, no.3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania *Corresponding author: lognean@yahoo.com   Keywords: dogs, erythrocyte concentrate, hematocrit, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, transfusion therapy Introduction: The minimum dose of whole blood products as well as erythrocyte concentrate has been under a lot of debate, new equations for calculating the optimal dose being made up from a large variety of hematologists (Kisielewicz et al 2014; Helm and Knottenbelt, 2010; Gibson, 2007). Aim: The therapeutical efficacy of erythrocyte concentrates in dogs with different types of anemia by measuring the hematocrit level 6 hours after the transfusion and a complete blood count 5 days post-transfusion therapy. Materials and methods: Blood tests were performed with ADIVA hematological analyzer; the 6 hour post-transfusion hematocrit was determined by a micro hematocrit. On admission every patient received a routine blood test that included 40 hematological parameters and 21 biochemical parameters. In addition, a detailed examination of the blood smears was also performed by the ADIVA hematological analyzer with 26 parameters that mostly referred to red blood cell and white blood cell morphology. Blood typing was done using the RapidVet quick test kit. Patients received only type specific blood and to limit transfusion reaction occurrences, in addition, a crossmatch test was performed before every transfusion. Statistical analysis was accomplished with GraphPadInStat 3.0 and the graphical depiction of the obtained results was made using the Origin 8.5. graphics program. Results: Statistical analysis reveal that the total red blood cell count underwent very significant changes (p=0.0052) as well as the hemoglobin (p=0.0085). The hematocrit had an extremely significant evolution (p=0.0002). As far as the other hematological parameters are concerned, none underwent statistically significant evolutions from first day of transfusion (T0) until five days post-transfusion therapy (T5). Conclusion: The erythrocyte concentrate can be used safely even in critically ill or immune-suppressed patients and even in patients with an exaggerated immune response. A clear dosage of this blood product has not been set yet, every administration has to be tailored to the patient’s needs.
Microbiological Quality Evaluation of Various Types Of Traditional Romanian Cheese Through Advanced Methods
Authors: Tabaran Alexandra , Dan Sorin Daniel , Reget Oana Lucia , Cordea Darius Victor , Magdas Alina Dana , Mihaiu Marian
Published: December 2016

Raw milk represents a nutritive environment for a number of pathogens, like Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157: H7, Staphylococcus aureus etc. This fact can cause a serious of foodborne outbreaks associated to the consumption of contaminated milk and derivated products. The traditional processing of raw milk in poor hygiene conditions can pose a serious microbiological risk. The study aimed at evaluating the incidence of pathogen bacteria in ripened traditional cheese by advanced biochemical and molecular methods in order to reveal the possible risk of consumer exposure. The study was applied on 150 samples of riepened cheese from the follwoing types: salted teleme cheese and „Burduf” cheese and „Năsal” cheese. The traditional teleme cheese presented an average value of the total E. coli count in between 11.06±0.52-38.33±2.76 cfu/g. The risk represented by the presence of E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus is low within the first steps of ripening, being absent after 28 months of ripeneing in the teleme cheese samples. The Staphylococcus aureus load was in between 3.82±0.12 log cfu/g for the first period of ripeneing in „Burduf” cheese and 0.27±0.56 log cfu/g after the second period of maturation, following a descendant pathway towards the last period of ripening. In „Năsal” cheese we isolated the specific Brevibacterium linens, which gives the characteristics of this type of cheese, but also Micrococcus spp., in 35% and lactic streptococci in  20%. The traditional cheese evaluated represent a low risk of contamination given that no sample investigated has exceeded the maximum limits allowed by the legislation and no pathogen bacteria isolated.
Synthesis and hydration of alite-calcium sulfoaluminate cement
Authors: Chitvoranund Natechanok , Winnefeld Frank , Hargis Craig W. , Sinthupinyo Sakprayut , Lothenbach Barbara
Published: December 2016

An alite-calcium sulfoaluminate (ACSA) clinker containing approximately 50% alite and 10% ye'elimite was synthesised at 1300°C using a laboratory furnace and 1% calcium fluoride (CaF2) as a mineraliser, ground and blended with 5% anhydrite. The hydration mechanism of the resulting ACSA cement was investigated experimentally using quantitative X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry, as well as by thermodynamic modelling. During the first hours, mainly alite reacts. Ye'elimite starts to dissolve significantly after 2 d, as it is predominately present as inclusions within the alite matrix and thus reacts only after sufficient alite has dissolved to expose the ye'elimite domains within the clinker particles. The main hydration products are calcium–silicate–hydrates (C–S–H), ettringite, monosulfate and portlandite. Mortars prepared using the ACSA cement rapidly develop compressive and flexural strength at early ages corresponding to the fast hydration reactions. It was estimated that the manufacture of this ACSA clinker releases about 11–12% less carbon dioxide than the production of Portland cement clinker.
Óbitos Decorrentes de Ruptura de Aneurisma de Aorta Abdominal no Instituto Médico Legal de Belo Horizonte, 2006–2011
Authors: Polyanna Helena Coelho Bordoni  , Ana Paula Silva Gontijo  , Bianca Dias Rangel  , Leonardo Santos Bordoni
Published: December 2016

O aneurisma de aorta abdominal roto (AAAr) é uma condição clínica de extrema gravidade cursando com óbito de forma rápida, muitas vezes antes de ser possível o atendimento médico. A prevalência real na população geral é difícil de ser mensurada pelo baixo número de autopsias nestes casos e pela limitação da informação nas declarações de óbito. Como o AAAr pode produzir morte súbita e inesperada, apresenta interesse médico-legal, pois pode ser necessária uma necropsia forense para a exclusão de eventuais causas de mortes externas, particularmente nas mortes súbitas em menores de 40 anos. No presente estudo foram avaliados todos os casos fatais de AAAr necropsiados no Instituto Médico Legal de Belo Horizonte no período de 2006 a 2011. Foram recuperados 40 casos, dos quais a maior parte era do sexo masculino (75%), branca (45%), com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos (70%), com alterações morfológicas cardíacas (60%) e com sinais de edema pulmonar (56,8%). A maioria dos casos recebeu atendimento médico previamente ao óbito (62,5%). Na amostra estudada, apenas quatro indivíduos (10%) apresentava idade inferior a 40 anos.
Exploring Universal Partnerships and Putative Marriages as Tools for Awarding Partnership Property in Contemporary Family Law
Authors: Bonthuys Elsje
Published: December 2016

Following upon the Supreme Court of Appeal’s judgment in Butters v Mncora, which broadened the criteria and consequences of universal partnerships in cohabitation relationships, this article investigates the potential of universal partnerships and putative marriages to allocate rights to share in partnership property in other intimate relationships. It traverses several instances in which marriages are not recognised - bigamous marriages, Muslim and Hindu religious marriages and invalid customary marriages – examining whether the wives in these marriages could use universal partnerships and putative marriages to claim a share in property. It then considers the use of universal partnerships to obtain a share of property in civil marriages out of community of property. It concludes by pointing out several issues which are in need of clarification and where the common law should be developed to give effect to fundamental constitutional rights.
Islamic Law in Past and Present
Authors: Matthee Jacques Louis
Published: December 2016

This contribution provides a review of the book entitled "Islamic Law in Past and Present" authored by Matthias Rohe and published by Brill in 2015.
The Rules of an Occupational Retirement Fund and the Problem of Defaulting Employers: A Reconsideration of Orion Money Purchase Pension Fund (SA) v Pension Funds Adjudicator
Authors: Nkosi Thulani
Published: December 2016

This paper reflects on the ongoing challenges presented by certain employers who, whilst deducting occupational retirement fund contributions from their employees' salaries, fail to pay over those contributions to the relevant occupational retirement funds. These employers also often fail to register themselves or their employees as participating members of occupational retirement funds when they are supposed to. Such failures to register with the relevant occupational retirement funds and to pay over fund contributions have disastrous effects on the employees who are at the receiving end of these unlawful practices. This is the case because employees lose the value and use of their salaries through the deductions, and also the benefits of their occupational retirement funds.

Although the Pension Funds Act 24 of 1956 is sufficiently responsive and provides adequate mechanisms to guide against this scourge, it is this paper's argument that occupational retirement funds themselves have not done their bit in enforcing the Pension Funds Act. The failure on the part of the funds to enforce the Pension Funds Act by ensuring that fund contributions are collected from participating employers has resulted in, and continues to result in, untold losses on the part of the employees. Properly considered, the paper submits that the failure by occupational retirement funds to enforce the Pension Funds Act has the potential of unjustifiably limiting several of the employee members' constitutional rights.

It is not good enough, so argues the paper, for occupational retirement funds to have rules that prohibit them from paying retirement fund benefits where no contributions have been received. It is also not good enough for courts and the office of the PFA to blindly enforce the rules of occupational retirement funds without consistently subjecting them to the Pension Funds Act and the Constitution for validity and legality. It is on this basis that the case of Orion Money Purchase Pension Fund (SA) v Pension Funds Adjudicator is challenged. The case is authority for the principle that the only available remedy to an employee who has been cheated out of retirement fund benefits owing to the employer's failure to make fund contributions is one that compels the fund to calculate those outstanding contributions and demand that total sum from the employer. For various reasons this does not address the problem of defaulting employers, which can be addressed only by properly enforcing the Pension Funds Act and also consistently subjecting the rules to the Act in cases of disputes.
Two new species of Epeolini from northern Chile, with the first record of Triepeolus for the country and a key to Chilean species of Doeringiella (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Packer Laurence
Published: December 2016

Triepeolus cecilyae Packer, new species, and Doeringiella mamabee Packer, new species, both from the far north of Chile are described and illustrated.  Both are known from single male specimens despite considerable search effort in the area of their provenance.  The former species is the first of the genus recorded from Chile.  A key to the three species of Doeringiella Holmberg known from Chile is provided.  Caupolicana dimidiata Herbst is recorded as a likely host of D. gigas (Spinola).
Two new genera of Cretaceous dustywings in amber from northern Myanmar (Neuroptera: Coniopterygidae)
Authors: Engel Michael S.
Published: December 2016

Two new genera and species are added to the fauna of dustywings (Coniopterygidae) preserved in Upper Cretaceous (earliest Cenomanian) amber of northern Myanmar, doubling the described diversity from this deposit.  One genus is of the subfamily Aleuropteryginae and described as Achlyoconis heptatrichia Engel, new genus and species.  This species is noteworthy for the infumate and patterned wings and unique presence of seven prominent setae positioned on thickenings occurring along the length of the forewing media.  Paranimboa litotes Engel, new genus and species, is representative of the subfamily Coniopteryginae and distinctive among Mesozoic groups for the unbranched Rs, among other traits.  In addition, a peculiar larva preserved alongside the holotype of P. litotes is described.  While having a prothoracic and head form similar to aleuropterygines as well as a labial palpus with only two palpomeres, diagnostic for Coniopterygidae, the antenna bears four articles rather than the two present in crown-group dustywings.  A revised key to the genera of Cretaceous Coniopterygidae is provided.
Intractosoma: Toward an Epistemology of Complexity Based on Intra-acting Bodies
Authors: Suryanarayanan Sainath
Published: December 2016

In this essay, I argue for an epistemology of complexity that is centered on intra-acting—always already interacting and becoming—bodies. I utilize analyses of the politics of knowledge concerning honey bee declines and gene-environment interaction research to outline a feminist-oriented epistemology in terms of multisensorial corporealities that I call “intractosoma.” I argue that re-organizing the production of observation, reduction, and difference along the lines of an intractosomal epistemology of complexity would lead to a more accurate understanding of complex phenomena, and entail a different politics in which the constructed distance between observers and observed can no longer absolve observers of “response-ability.” By shifting the locus of concern to always already enmeshed bodies, I seek to open analyses to a plurality of observers with their associated blind-spots and power dynamics, and a multiplicity of forms of knowing and becoming, beyond instrumentation, computation and quantification..
Chlorophyll Extraction in Cyanobacteria v2
Authors: Schmelling Nicolas
Published: December 2016

This protocol should be used for chlorophyll extraction in cyanobacteria. The equation for calculating the exact chlorophyll content can be found at the end of this document. You might want to measure the optical density (OD) of you cyanobacteria culture at 750 nm. Use BG11 medium or water as the reference solution. You need the OD of your culture to normalize the cholorphyll concentration to the number of cyanobacteria. Calculate chlorophyll content (adapted from Lichtenthaler 1978) Chl [µg/ml] = OD665nm x 13.9 [µg/ml] x dilution factor of culture You can take less than 1 ml, but note the dilution factor for the calculation later on, e.g. : 1 ml sample = dilution factor of 1 500 µl sample =dilution factor of2 100 µl sample = dilution factor of 10
Shifting Approaches to Planning Theory: Global North and South
Authors: Watson Vanessa
Published: December 2016

Planning theory has shifted over time in response to changes in broader social and philosophical theory as well as changes in the material world. Postmodernism and poststructuralism dislodged modernist, rational and technical approaches to planning. Consensualist decision-making theories of the 1980s took forms of communicative and collaborative planning, drawing on Habermasian concepts of power and society. These positions, along with refinements and critiques within the field, have been hegemonic in planning theory ever since. They are, in most cases, presented at a high level of abstraction, make little reference to the political and social contexts in which they are based, and hold an unspoken assumption that they are of universal value, i.e. valid everywhere. Not only does this suggest important research methodology errors but it also renders these theories of little use in those parts of the world which are contextually very different from theory origin—in most cases, the global North. A more recent ‘southern turn’ across a range of social science disciplines, and in planning theory, suggests the possibility of a foundational shift toward theories which acknowledge their situatedness in time and place, and which recognize that extensive global difference in cities and regions renders universalized theorising and narrow conceptual models (especially in planning theory, given its relevance for practice) as invalid. New southern theorising in planning is drawing on a range of ideas on societal conflict, informality, identity and ethnicity. Postcolonialism and coloniality have provided a useful frame for situating places historically and geographically in relation to the rest of the world. However, the newness of these explorations still warrants the labelling of this shift as a ‘southern theorizing project’ in planning rather than a suggestion that southern planning theory has emerged.
Border Lines and Crossing Points: A Response to Andreas Rutkauskas’ Photographs of the Canadian-U.S. Border
Authors: Rutkauskas Andreas , McManus Karla
Published: December 2016

Abstract | Written in response to the project Borderline by photographer Andreas Rutkauskas, this essay reflects on the historic, cultural, political, and geographical tensions visually and viscerally experienced along the Canada-US border. Both as an emblem and physical manifestation of the modern nation-state that maintains its authority through the control and surveillance of its boundary, the Canada-US borderline evokes questions about vernacular and official land use, indigenous and settler territorial rights, and the cultural identity inherent in place. Responding to the border points as fraught cultural spaces, Rutkauskas uses his camera to reflect on the visual and spatial similarities—and outright banal ordinariness—found along the vast boundary. Focusing on the western-Canadian portion of the Borderline series, this essay understands Rutkauskas’s photographs as a reflection on the continued human transformation of the landscape. Ultimately, this project provokes the viewer to ask what it means to share an environment divided not by ecology, architecture, or ethnicity but by the arbitrariness of national authority.Résumé | Écrit en réponse au projet Borderline du photographe Andreas Rutkauskas, cet essai est une réflexion sur les tensions historiques, culturelles, politiques et géographiques visuellement et viscéralement vécues le long de la frontière Canda-États-Unis. A la fois un emblème et une manifestation physique de la nation-état moderne qui maintient son autorité à travers le contrôle et la surveillance de ses frontières, la frontière entre le Canada et les États-Unis soulèvent des questions sur l’utilisation du sol officielle et vernaculaire, les droits autochtones et les droits des colons en rapport avec le territoire et l’identité culturelle inhérente. Considérant les points de passage entre frontières comme des espaces culturels tendus, Rutkauskas utilise son objectif pour réfléchir aux similarités visuelles et spatiales- et à l’ordinaire banal- que l’on trouve au long de cette vaste frontière. En se concentrant sur la section de la série Borderline qui porte sur l’ouest canadien, cet essai interprète les images de Rutkauskas comme une réflexion sur l’intervention humaine constante sur l’environnement. Ultimement ce projet pousse le spectateur à découvrir ce que signifie partager un environnement séparé non par l’écologie, l’architecture ou l’ethnicité mais par une autorité nationale arbitraire.
Leaving to Return: A Photographic Case Study in Western Canada
Authors: Gardiner Thomas , Zeleny Kyler
Published: December 2016

Abstract | Adopting a collaborative framework, this paper utilizes Thomas Gardiner’s project Western Canada (2005-2010) as a catalyst for exploring the concept of a photographic community in the Canadian West. The article considers how Hollywood’s production of feature films has appropriated landscapes in Western Canada to represent American spaces. Furthermore, the article discusses how the absence of an established photographic canon in the Canadian West and the lack of institutional opportunities to assist in fostering a photographic community create particular conditions for photographic practitioners in the region. Thomas Gardiner and Kyler Zeleny’s work is discussed in relation to their multi-locational working methods. These methods include formal training and relationship building that primarily takes place outside of rural centres. The concept of a renewed photographic vision is discussed through the frame of place attachment and its relation to photographers who leave the Canadian West only to return to document once familiar spaces. In lieu of a textual conclusion, a collaboratively negotiated sequence of images between Gardiner and Zeleny serves as a dialogical exercise that is intended to draw the reader towards the imaginative work of place-making.Résumé | À travers un cadre collaboratif, cet article aborde le projet Western Canada (2005-2010) de Thomas Gardiner comme un catalyseur afin d’explorer le concept de communauté photographique dans l’Ouest canadien. Y est examiné l’impact de l’appropriation des paysages de l’Ouest du Canada par les productions filmiques hollywoodiennes en quête d’un cadre américain à rabais. À ce titre, l’article questionne également l’absence d’un canon photographique établi lié à l’Ouest canadien et la rareté des ouvertures institutionnelles apte à créer une tradition ou à tout le moins une communauté de praticiens dans cette aire géographique. Les travaux de Thomas Gardiner et de Kyler Zeleny sont ainsi examinés en lien avec leurs méthodes de « multi-localisation », méthodes qui incluent un entrainement formel et le développement d’aptitudes relationnelles, et qui prennent place surtout à l’extérieur des centres ruraux. Enfin, le concept de regard photographique renouvelé est exploré dans l’article à travers la lorgnette de l’attachement affectif au lieu et son influence sur les photographes ayant quitté le Canada dans le passé et y revenant pour mettre en scène des lieux qui leur furent familiers. À la place d’une conclusion traditionnelle, l’article offre une séquence d’images produites collectivement par Gardiner et Zeleny et qui servent en quelque sorte d’exercice dialogique afin d’attirer l’attention du lecteur sur le pouvoir d’évocation de la construction du lieu en photographie.
Wood Grain Elevators: Architecture Engrained on the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Piwowar Ali
Published: December 2016

Abstract | This essay examines the tangible and intangible cultural heritage of the wooden grain elevators across the prairies. As wooden elevators become obsolete as a result of changing agricultural technology, they are facing neglect, abandonment, and demolition. While these elevators were once purely functional structures, their unintentional monumentality has contributed to their relationship with prairie people, fostering individual and communal identity. The wooden elevators are explored in the context of the past, present, and future using archival research, site visits, and interviews. The town of Indian Head, SK is a case study. The micro-history of Indian Head permits an understanding of the relationship between elevators and other prairie towns. The concept of living heritage is employed to investigate the tangible and intangible cultural heritage associated with grain elevators using a temporal framework. Living heritage is both an action and theory—a way of thinking and acting towards the past—which sets the stage for a multifaceted discourse concerning place, time, and people relating to the wooden grain elevators across the prairie provinces. This essay substantiates the importance of the wooden grain elevators to prairie people and prescribes an architectural response for adaptive reuse.Résumé | Cet essai explore l’héritage concret et abstrait des ascenseurs à grain en bois au travers de la région des Prairies. Au fur et à mesure que ces ascenseurs devinrent obsolètes, un résultat des changements dans la technologie agricole, ils furent négligés, abandonnés et détruits. Bien que ces ascenseurs fussent autrefois des structures à but purement fonctionnel, leur stature monumentale par inadvertance a influencé les relations que les habitants des Prairies entretiennent avec ces-derniers, encourageant une identité individuelle et communautaire. Le passé, le présent et le futur de ces ascenseurs ont été étudiés par le biais de recherches d’archives, de visites de sites et d’entretiens. La ville d’Indian Head, SK est une étude de cas. La micro-histoire d’Indian Head permet de comprendre la relation entre ces ascenseurs et les habitants de villes des Prairies. Le concept d’héritage vivant est utilisé pour examiner l’héritage culturel concret et abstrait qui est associé aux ascenseurs à grains dans un cadre temporel. L’héritage vivant est à la fois un acte et une théorie ; une manière de penser et de se comporter envers le passé, qui ouvre la porte à une discussion complexe sur l’espace, le temps et les gens en lien avec les ascenseurs à grain en bois dans la région des Prairies. Cet essai fournit des preuves sur l’importance de ces ascenseurs pour les habitants des Prairies et propose une solution architecturale pour une réutilisation adaptée.
The Road to Here? Placing Community within Western Canada’s Resource Landscape
Authors: MacMahon Eamon , Granzow Mike , Jones Kevin Edson
Published: December 2016

Abstract | The western-Canadian landscape has been deeply shaped by its intimate economic, cultural, and social ties to resource extraction. In this short essay we use the photography of Canadian photographer Eamon Mac Mahon to explore how the West’s shifting resource landscape has reconfigured relationships between community and place. Contrasting nostalgic and idealized visions of remote place-based resource communities with scenes of globally linked infrastructure networks, Mac Mahon’s photographs highlight tensions between shifting economies and ideas of community. Read as palimpsests of place, we argue that, when considered together, Mac Mahon’s photographs offer an important ambivalence, unsettling straightforward readings of boom and bust. In a context of continual upheaval and change, we read Mac Mahon’s photographs as signposts on the road to emergent constellations of place and community in the Canadian West.Résumé | Le paysage de l’ouest canadien a été grandement façonné au niveau économique, culturel et social par son rapport à l’extraction des ressources. Dans ce court essai, l’œuvre photographique du photographe canadien Eamon Mac Mahon est employé afin d’explorer la façon dont les changements dans le bassin de ressources de l’ouest ont reconfiguré les relations entre les communautés et leur environnement. Les images de Mac Mahon soulignent la tension entre l’économie changeante et le concept de communauté en comparant les pensées nostalgiques et idéalisées des communautés éloignées, expliquées par l’extraction de ressources, avec les réseaux d’infrastructures mondiaux. Lu comme palimpsestes de lieux, nous estimons que l’ensemble des photographies de Mac Mahon suggère une ambivalence importante, perturbant les interprétations traditionnelles d’expansion et de récession. Dans un contexte de bouleversement et de changement continu, nous interprétons les photographies de Mac Mahon comme témoin du changement dans les relations entre les communautés de l’ouest canadien et leur environnement.
Hemodynamic effects of cycle ergometer in critical cancer patients: relation length of stay and type of treatment
Authors: Lins Wylisson Marcelo Almeida , Leão Ana Cristina Machado , Bergmann Anke
Published: December 2016

Introduction: In recent years, with the implementation of new chemotherapy protocols, radiation and surgery, there was an improvement in cancer patient’s prognosis. However, both the treatment and the disease itself generate a series of complications, worsening clinical condition, which may lead to the need for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Physical therapy works on physical and functional recovery of these individuals, using manual and / or mechanical features, among them the cycle ergometer is gaining prominence, but there is in the literature any study evaluating the use of this technique in critical cancer patients. Objective: To evaluate the influence length of stay and type of treatment on hemodynamic behavior in response to an active cycle ergometer in cancer patients in intensive care. Methods: We performed a single active intervention cycle ergometer lower limb (no load) for 10 minutes. The variables included heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure, which were evaluated in four stages: rest, 5 and10 minutes of activity and 10 minutes of recovery. Data on the patient and his or her medical history were previously obtained from their medical records. Results: The study included 23 patients, most were males; under the age of 65; hospital stays shorter than 14 days. It was observed that elderly patients, females, patients with a long hospital stay greater than 14 days, and patients in a clinical hospital showed higher variations in heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and systolic blood pressure during the entire activity. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that no individual had clinical complications during exercise. Hemodynamic changes occurred more frequently in the group of elderly patients, clinical and longer hospital stays.
The prevalence and severity of syndrome Z in severely obese male patients on the waiting list for bariatric surgery. A cross‑sectional study protocol
Authors: Perez Eduardo A. , Junior Wilson Rodrigues , Silva Anderson Soares , Urbano Jessica Julioti , Lottenberg Carina , Brunetti Ana Carolina Monteiro , Alves Vera Lucia dos Santos , Oliveira Patrícia Clemente , Peixoto Roger André Oliveira , Oliveira Ezequiel Fernandes , Nacif Sergio Roberto , Santos Israel Reis dos , Ilias Elias Jirjoss , Malheiros Carlos Alberto , Oliveira Luis V F , Stirbulov Roberto
Published: December 2016

Introduction: The Syndrome Z (SyndZ) has been drawing scientific community’s attention on the past years. It is characterized by the interaction between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). On its turn, MetS is knew for the association with various metabolic disturbances occurring simultaneously in the same patient, those of which include central obesity, systemic hypertension (SH), glucose intolerance or insulin resitance, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and elevated serum triglycerides. OSA is a prevalent condition all over the world, and presents potential adverse health outcomes, with a particular impact in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, OSA and MetS present important cardiovascular risk factors, that when superimposed can mean a higher cardiovascular morbi-mortality. This associated pathogenesis has not been completely elucidated. Objectives: A pilot study to determine the prevalence and severity of SyndZ in severely obese female patients on the waiting list for bariatric surgery. Methods/Design: This cross-sectional study will be conducted with severely obese female patients, on waiting list for bariatric surgery, from the Santa Casa de Misericordia de São Paulo Hospital, in the city of Sao Paulo (Brazil). Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data will be collected, as well as blood’s biochemical analysis. The patients will also undergo standard overnight polysomnography at the Sleep Laboratory of Nove de Julho University.