bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Moiré flat bands in strongly coupled atomic arrays
Authors: Dams D. , Beutel D. , Garcia-Santiago X. , Rockstuhl C. , Alaee R.
Published: March 2023

Moiré effects arise from stacking periodic structures with a specific geometrical mismatch and promise unique possibilities. However, their full potential for photonic applications has yet to be explored. Here, we investigate the photonic band structure for an atomic stack of strongly coupled linear arrays in the dipolar regime. A moiré parameter θ is used to parameterize a relative lattice constant mismatch between the two arrays that plays the role of a 1D twist angle. The system’s interaction matrix is analytically diagonalized and reveals the presence of localized excitations which strongly enhance the density of optical states in spectral regions that can be controlled via the moiré parameter. We also confirm our findings by numerical simulations of finite systems. Our work provides a better understanding of photonic moiré effects and their potential use in photonic devices such as optical sensors and light traps.
Hacking measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
Authors: Lu Feng-Yu , Ye Peng , Wang Ze-Hao , Wang Shuang , Yin Zhen-Qiang , Wang Rong , Huang Xiao-Juan , Chen Wei , He De-Yong , Fan-Yuan Guan-Jie , Guo Guang-Can , Han Zheng-Fu
Published: March 2023

Decoy-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is regarded as one of the most promising protocols since it is physically immune to all fatal detection-side attacks. However, the loopholes in the source side still open side channels to eavesdroppers. Previous work has indicated that a system is insecure if its decoy-state modulation is inaccurate, but a practical method for Eve to exploit the inaccurate modulation is still absent. In this work, we propose a practical hacking method and provide a detailed theoretical analysis. Using our method, we experimentally hacked a MDI-QKD system and successfully obtained all final keys. By demonstrating the hacking experiment, we hope to bring attention to source-side security and provide inspiration for the development of protocols with better source-side security.
Konzepte für sichere wallets in dezentralen Identitätsökosystemen
Authors: Bastian Paul , Kraus Micha , Fischer Jörg
Published: March 2023

Dezentrale Identitätsökosysteme bieten vielversprechende Lösungen für vielfältige Anwendungen in der Privatwirtschaft und öffentlichen Verwaltung. Die Anwendungen haben dabei sehr unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse und regulierte Umgebungen stellen hohe Sicherheitsanforderungen an die wallet und die von ihr verwalteten credentials. Gleichzeitig bietet der Smartphone-Markt ein fragmentiertes Feld an Sicherheitslösungen. Wir untersuchen die sicherheitstechnischen Voraussetzungen einer mobilen, nativen Wallet-Architektur für selbstbestimmte Nutzende und bewerten die vorhandenen sicherheitstechnischen Lösungsbausteine für hardwaregebundene Schlüsselspeicher, Biometrie sowie Gegebenheiten der Betriebssysteme Android und iOS. Die regulatorischen Anforderungen werden durch Maßnahmen wie Gerätebindung, Nutzerbindung sowie Authentisierung der wallet und der anfragenden Partei adressiert. Wir analysieren und bewerten die verschiedenen Varianten und Ausprägungen und leiten daraus einen interoperablen und privatsphäreorientierten Prozess für die vertrauenswürdige Ausstellung und Verifikation von Identitätsnachweisen ab und beschreiben das zugrunde liegende Vertrauensmodell. Wir diskutieren die Vorteile und Nachteile des Systems und geben einen Ausblick auf die weiteren Entwicklungen der Wallet-Sicherheit.
Impacts of COVID-19 on reproductive health service provision, access, and utilization in Ethiopia: Results from a qualitative study with service users, providers, and stakeholders
Authors: Chekol Bekalu Mossie , Muluye Samuel , Sheehy Grace
Published: March 2023

Ethiopia has made significant improvements to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in recent decades, yet the COVID-19 pandemic brought new challenges to SRH service delivery. In the early months of the pandemic, health facility and health management information system data showed reductions in SRH service utilization, however more evidence is needed on ongoing SRH impacts to inform policy and program decision-making. Our study aimed to assess the impacts of COVID-19 on SRH service utilization and access from the perspective of providers, clients, and stakeholders in Addis Ababa and Amhara Regional State. We collected data from May through July 2021 via six focus group discussions with health service providers, 50 in-depth interviews with SRH service clients and 15 key informant interviews with policy and programmatic stakeholders. All audio recordings were transcribed and translated from Amharic into English. Data were coded and analyzed for content and themes using Excel and NVivo 10. We found that COVID-19 and associated public health mitigation measures had consequences on SRH prioritization, funding, and service delivery. Efforts to halt the spread of COVID-19, such as gathering and transportation restrictions, also reduced access to SRH services. Fear of infection, costly and inaccessible transportation, commodity stockouts, and limited service availability all impeded access to and use of SRH services. For some women, this meant losing timely access to contraception and subsequently facing unwanted pregnancies. Providers experienced increased workloads, anxiety, and stigma as possible sources of infection. Our findings offer useful learnings for program and policy stakeholders aiming to meet SRH needs during the pandemic, and during times of crisis more broadly.
Diversity of bacterial community in the rhizosphere and bulk soil of Artemisia annua grown in highlands of Uganda
Authors: Aidah Namuli , Engeu Ogwang Patrick , Baptist Tumuhairwe John , Muwanika Vincent B. , Johnson Mayega , Joel Bazira
Published: March 2023

High land areas in Uganda are suitable for the farming ofArtemisia annua. However, harvestedA.annuafrom these areas contain varying concentrations of antimalarial components. This may be attributed to variation in soil properties which affect vegetative growth characters, yield and active compounds ofA.annua. Thus, bacterial composition and physiochemical properties of soil from Kabale and Kabarole high land areas whereA.annuais grown were studied. The study objective was to determine the diversity of bacterial community in the rhizosphere and bulk soil ofA.annuagrown in highlands of Uganda. Composition of bacterial community was analyzed by amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes on an Illumina Miseq platform. A total of 1,420,688 read counts was obtained and clustered into 163,493 Operational Taxonomic Units ((OTU). Kabarole highland had more OTUs (87,229) than Kabale (76,264). The phylum Proteobacteria (34.2%) was the most prevalent followed by Acidobacteria (17.3%) and Actinobacteria (15.5%). The bacteria community in the two highlands significantly differed (p <0.05) among all phyla except Proteobacteria. The main genera in bulk soil were povalibacter, brevitalea, nocardioides, stenotrophobacter, gaiella and solirubrobacter. Sphingomonas, ramlibacter paludibaculum and pseudarthrobacter were the main genera inA.annuarhizospheric soil.
Evaluating the adoption of voice recognition technology for real-time dictation in a rural healthcare system: A retrospective analysis of dragon medical one
Authors: Onitilo Adedayo A. , Shour Abdul R. , Puthoff David S. , Tanimu Yusuf , Joseph Adedayo , Sheehan Michael T.
Published: March 2023

Background

In 2013, Marshfield Clinic Health System (MCHS) implemented the Dragon Medical One (DMO) system provided by Nuance Management Center (NMC) for Real-Time Dictation (RTD), embracing the idea of streamlined clinic workflow, reduced dictation hours, and improved documentation legibility. Since then, MCHS has observed a trend of reduced time in documentation, however, the target goal of 100% adoption of voice recognition (VR)-based RTD has not been met.

Objective

To evaluate the uptake/adoption of VR technology for RTD in MCHS, between 2018–2020.

Methods

DMO data for 1,373 MCHS providers from 2018–2020 were analyzed. The study outcome was VR uptake, defined as the median number of hours each provider used VR technology to dictate patient information, and classified as no/yes. Covariates included sex, age, US-trained/international medical graduates, trend, specialty, and facility. Descriptive statistics and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed. Stata/SE.version.17 was used for analyses. P-values less than/equal to 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

Of the 1,373 MCHS providers, the mean (SD) age was 48.3 (12.4) years. VR uptake was higher than no uptake (72.0% vs. 28.0%). In both unadjusted and adjusted analyses, VR uptake was 4.3 times and 7.7 times higher in 2019–2020 compared to 2018, respectively (OR:4.30,95%CI:2.44–7.46 and AOR:7.74,95%CI:2.51–23.86). VR uptake was 0.5 and 0.6 times lower among US-trained physicians compared to internationally-trained physicians (OR:0.53,95%CI:0.37–0.76 and AOR:0.58,95%CI:0.35–0.97). Uptake was 0.2 times lower among physicians aged 60/above than physicians aged 29/less (OR:0.20,95%CI:0.10–0.59, and AOR:0.17,95%CI:0.27–1.06).

Conclusion

Since 2018, VR adoption has increased significantly across MCHS. However, it was lower among US-trained physicians than among internationally-trained physicians (although internationally physicians were in minority) and lower among more senior physicians than among younger physicians. These findings provide critical information about VR trends, physician factors, and which providers could benefit from additional training to increase VR adoption in healthcare systems.
A three protein signature fails to externally validate as a biomarker to predict surgical outcome in high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Hawarden Amy , Price Marcus , Russell Bryn , Wilson Godfrey , Farrelly Laura , Embleton-Thirsk Andrew , Parmar Mahesh , Edmondson Richard
Published: March 2023

Introduction

For patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, complete surgical cytoreduction remains the strongest predictor of outcome. However, identifying patients who are likely to benefit from such surgery remains elusive and to date few surgical outcome prediction tools have been validated. Here we attempted to externally validate a promising three protein signature, which had previously shown strong association with suboptimal surgical debulking (AUC 0.89, accuracy 92.8%), (Riester, M., et al., (2014)).

Methods

238 high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer samples were collected from patients who participated in a large multicentre trial (ICON5). Samples were collected at the time of initial surgery and before randomisation. Surgical outcome data were collated from prospectively collected study records. Immunohistochemical scores were generated by two independent observers for the three proteins in the original signature (POSTN, CXCL14 and pSmad2/3). Predictive values were generated for individual and combination protein signatures.

Results

When assessed individually, none of the proteins showed any evidence of predictive affinity for suboptimal surgical outcome in our cohort (AUC POSTN 0.55, pSmad 2/3 0.53, CXCL 14 0.62). The combined signature again showed poor predictive ability with an AUC 0.58.

Conclusions

Despite showing original promise, when this protein signature is applied to a large external cohort, it is unable to accurately predict surgical outcomes. This could be attributed to overfitting of the original model, or differences in surgical practice between cohorts.
The novel narrative technique uncovers emotional scripts in individuals with psychopathy and high trait anxiety
Authors: Gawda Barbara
Published: March 2023

Mental representations are of great importance for understanding human behaviour. The aim of this article is to present an innovative way to assess emotional scripts, which are a form of mental representations of emotional events, based on an analysis of narratives and their contents. Theoretical background on emotional schemas and scripts is provided along with information about types of related measures. Then, a rationale is presented for introducing an assessment of scripts related to specific emotions such as love, hate, and anxiety in a psychopathological context. This is followed by a perspective explaining the procedure of the relevant technique based on narrative data analysis. The technique has been successfully applied in two studies [I study (n– 200), II study (n– 280)]. A total of 1440 narratives about specific emotions have been analyzed to identify the indicators of scripts. The psychometric properties of the proposed technique have been established such as reliability, inter-rater agreement, and accuracy. The results show the value of the assessment of emotional script in individuals, particularly with high psychopathy and high trait anxiety. The contents of love and hate scripts are an illustration of cognitive distortions and deficits in the emotional information processing in individuals with psychopathy. The method enables the collection of informative data on romantic love, hate, and anxiety scripts which provides insight into how people may perceive and experience emotions and how they behave emotionally. Future research should focus on verification of the technique in other types of psychopathology and on the improvement of computer software dedicated to the narrative technique described in this paper.
Fitting and validation of an agent-based model for COVID-19 case forecasting in workplaces and universities
Authors: Kumaresan Vignesh , Balachandar Niranjan , Poole Sarah F. , Myers Lance J. , Varghese Paul , Washington Vindell , Jia Yugang , Lee Vivian S.
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 forecasting models have been critical in guiding decision-making on surveillance testing, social distancing, and vaccination requirements. Beyond influencing public health policies, an accurate COVID-19 forecasting model can impact community spread by enabling employers and university leaders to adapt worksite policies and practices to contain or mitigate outbreaks. While many such models have been developed for COVID-19 forecasting at the national, state, county, or city level, only a few models have been developed for workplaces and universities. Furthermore, COVID-19 forecasting models have rarely been validated against real COVID-19 case data. Here we present the systematic parameter fitting and validation of an agent-based compartment model for the forecasting of daily COVID-19 cases in single-site workplaces and universities with real-world data. Our approaches include manual fitting, where initial model parameters are chosen based on historical data, and automated fitting, where parameters are chosen based on candidate case trajectory simulations that result in best fit to prevalence estimation data. We use a 14-day fitting window and validate our approaches on 7- and 14-day testing windows with real COVID-19 case data from one employer. Our manual and automated fitting approaches accurately predicted COVID-19 case trends and outperformed the baseline model (no parameter fitting) across multiple scenarios, including a rising case trajectory (RMSLE values: 2.627 for baseline, 0.562 for manual fitting, 0.399 for automated fitting) and a decreasing case trajectory (RMSLE values: 1.155 for baseline, 0.537 for manual fitting, 0.778 for automated fitting). Our COVID-19 case forecasting model allows decision-makers at workplaces and universities to proactively respond to case trend forecasts, mitigate outbreaks, and promote safety.
Multiple sclerosis and COVID-19: A retrospective study in Iran
Authors: Sedighi Behnaz , Haghdoost Aliakbar , Jangipour Afshar Parya , Abna Zohre , Bahmani Shamimeh , Jafari Simin
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Previous studies suggested a higher rate of COVID-19 infection in patients with multiple sclerosis than in the general population, and limited studies addressed the impact of COVID-19 and its vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis in Iran. We decided to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 infection, the effects and side effects of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods

We used the data of the patients with multiple sclerosis registered in a referral clinic in Kerman, one of the large cities in Iran (a population of 537,000 inhabitants), to explore the association between demographic variables, the history of COVID-19 vaccination, and the clinical outcomes.

Results

Of the 367 participants in this study, 88.3% received the COVID-19 vaccine, 35.4% were confirmed COVID-19 cases, and the incidence of COVID-19 was much higher before vaccination (24.5% before vaccination versus 10.1% after vaccination). The multivariable logistic regression model showed that male gender (OR = 2.64, 95% confidence interval: 1.21, 5.74) and current employment (OR = 3.04, 95% confidence interval: 1.59, 5.80) were associated with an increased risk of COVID-19. The only factor associated with the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccination was the type of vaccine (AstraZeneca).

Conclusion

Our findings showed that the vaccination protected MS cases considerably against COVID-19. In addition, the side effects of the vaccines were not noticeably high in these cases as well. Among all COVID-19 vaccines, AstraZeneca had the most common side effects, so people must be aware of them before vaccination. The male gender and employment were the most important variables in the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis in our study.
Modelos Ecológicos del Desarrollo aplicados al consumo de drogas ilícitas: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Scoppetta Orlando , Ortiz Garzón Eliana Ivette
Published: March 2023

El consumo de drogas ilícitas constituye un asunto de relevancia social y de salud pública. Los modelos ecológicos enriquecen la explicación de las variaciones en el consumo de sustancias ilícitas, al facilitar la inclusión de los factores individuales y del contexto en el que las personas se desenvuelven. Esta revisión rápida tiene como objetivo identificar los conceptos sobre modelos ecológicos utilizados en la investigación sobre el consumo de drogas, cuáles son los niveles de determinación previstos y cuáles factores asociados al consumo de drogas de índole personal, familiar y del contexto social amplio. A partir de 22 manuscritos incluidos en la fase final de la revisión se identificó una decena de denominaciones para los modelos ecológicos, así como niveles de determinación personal, familiar y del contexto social. Se perfilan los modelos ecológicos como estructuras conceptuales flexibles, dinámicas y con posibilidades de sustentar políticas públicas integrales con mejores resultados.
Otimismo no trabalho: uma revisão integrativa sobre a produção científica brasileira e internacional
Authors: de Souza Josiele Maria , Silva Narbal , Tolfo Suzana Rosa
Published: March 2023

Esta revisión integradora tuvo como objetivo sistematizar las producciones científicas nacionales e internacionales sobre el optimismo en el trabajo. Se analizaron las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, SCOPUS y Scielo Brasil y el Banco Brasileño de Tesis y Disertaciones. Los estudios que relacionaban el optimismo con la optimización de máquinas, tratamientos médicos y procesos administrativos fueron excluidos de este artículo, además de los estudios que abordan el optimismo de la salud, sin tener que ver con el trabajo. Los resultados de esta investigación corroboran lo que la literatura ha dicho sobre los efectos positivos que causa el optimismo en la vida del trabajador, influyendo en la salud física, mental y laboral. Los estudios han demostrado que el optimismo se ha relacionado con variables como el liderazgo, la resiliencia, la autoestima, la autoconfianza, la autoeficacia, la satisfacción laboral, la esperanza, la motivación, la proactividad y el compromiso en el trabajo. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los artículos encontrados no estaban relacionados con la definición del concepto de optimismo en la investigación, centrándose solo en citar los beneficios relacionados con la construcción. Se concluye que la investigación sobre el optimismo en el entorno laboral brasileño es aún escasa y reciente, mostrando una brecha que puede explorarse, principalmente con estudios cualitativos y mixtos.
Validación de Experimentos Cognitivos con PEBL y Wundt ́s Lab
Authors: Muñoz Olano Juan Francisco , Torres Villate Michelle Natalia , Zavala Fonseca Yeferson Antonio
Published: March 2023

Se llevó a cabo un análisis de las características de validez y confiabilidad de pruebas experimentales computarizadas. Fue un estudio psicométrico, con 267 participantes y 589 aplicaciones pareadas de pruebas. Mediante análisis discriminante, se identificaron cuatro pruebas computarizadas PEBL y tres pruebas computarizadas Wundt´s Lab, consistentes con medidas óptimas de esfuerzo cognitivo (x2 = 647.6, gl = 6, p < .05), a diferencia de tres pruebas PEBL y cuatro pruebas Wundt´s Lab, que no mostraron tal evidencia. Un análisis de confiabilidad por Guttman de dos mitades, fue de .80. Adicionalmente, Se encontraron convergencias entre los desempeños de pruebas Mental Rotation de PEBL y Wundt´s Lab (F = 3.1, gl = 1, p = .81), así como asociaciones pareadas entre desempeños de pruebas de memoria operativa verbal y visoespacial, de atención y de percepción del movimiento. Finalmente, también se evidenciaron asociaciones relevantes entre los resultados de los participantes en las pruebas y la variable sexo. Los resultados apoyan la existencia de características psicométricas en siete pruebas computarizadas, haciendo relevante su uso en diversos campos de la evaluación cognitiva.
Relación entre el uso problemático de Facebook y la evitación experiencial en jóvenes colombianos
Authors: González-Santos Bianda Jeni , Puerta-Cortés Diana Ximena , Ramirez Calderón Natalia
Published: March 2023

Las tecnologías facilitan la comunicación y la interacción, e influyen en los comportamientos y actitudes. Sin embargo, pueden generar impacto negativo cuando interfiere en las actividades cotidianas con repercusión, en la salud mental, física y social. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre el uso problemático de Facebook, la evitación experiencial y los componentes de la teoría biopsicosocial. El estudio de tipo exploratorio con diseño transversal no experimental. En total participaron 677 jóvenes colombianos, que diligenciaron de manera voluntaria los cuestionarios de datos sociodemográficos, la escala de Aceptación y Acción-II (AAQ-II) y la escala de Adicción a Facebook de Bergen (BFAS). Los resultados muestran que los hombres presentaron mayor uso problemático de la red social y puntuaron más alto en los componentes de abstinencia y conflicto. Se encontró una relación positiva entre el uso problemático, la evitación experiencial y todos los componentes de la teoría biopsicosocial. En conclusión, la evitación experiencial aporta a la comprensión del uso problemático de Facebook desde el análisis funcional y la teoría biopsicosocial orienta en la identificación de la sintomatología adictiva, estos hallazgos permiten direccionar futuras intervenciones.
Interaction Mechanism of Inhibition of Palmitic Acid and α Selinene Targeting FabH and FabI Enzymes in Escherichia coli: In Silico Study
Authors: Aulia Tia , Suci Mulyani Nies Suci , Asy'ari Mukhammad
Published: March 2023

Investigation studies of the interaction mechanism of palmitic acid and α-selinene in inhibiting FabH and FabI enzymes have been studied using an in silico approach. FabH (Beta-Ketoacyl-ACP Synthase III) and FabI (Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase) enzymes are two enzymes that are targets for the inhibition of candidate antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to determine the strongest candidate between palmitic acid and α-selinene as an antibacterial agent for Escherichia coli. The method used in this study is a random and directed molecular docking method using the Autodock Vina program, which is integrated into PyRx 0.8 software. The results of the molecular docking simulation include the pattern and strength of interaction between the ligand and the FabI and FabH enzymes. The interaction pattern includes the cluster pattern, the ligand poses on the protein surface, and the interaction strength based on the binding affinity value. Based on the results of random docking simulation data analysis, it was shown that the majority of α-selinene occupied the position of cluster 1 of the FabI enzyme and palmitic acid in cluster 2 of the FabH enzyme. Based on the binding affinity value, palmitic acid has a weaker interaction strength on the FabH enzyme (-5.7 kcal/mol) than on the FabI enzyme (-7.1 kcal/mol). The interaction strength of α-selinene on the FabI enzyme (-7.3 kcal/mol) was stronger than that of the FabH enzyme (-6.9 kcal/mol). The interaction strength of α-selinene in both FabI and FabH enzymes was greater than that of palmitic acid. α-selinene is projected to have a better potential as an antibacterial agent against Escherichia coli than palmitic acid based on its greater interaction strength.
VITAMIN C, VITAMIN D DAN IMUNITAS PASIEN COVID-19
Authors: Aisy Saskia Rohadatul , Rizal Ahmad , Simanjuntak Betty Yosephin
Published: March 2023

Latar belakang: Pada tahun 2020 wabah Virus Corona (Covid-19) menyebar hampir di seluruh Negara. Cara untuk mengatasi Covid-19 yaitu dengan peran vitamin C dan D. Vitamin C memiliki sifat antioksidan yang mampu melindungi sel dan jaringan tubuh dari kerusakan oksidatif. Sedangkan vitamin D berperan meningkatkan innate imunity yang akan menghambat aktivitas bakteri Covid-19.Tujuan: Penlitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji artikel tentang suplementasi vitamin C dan vitamin D terhadap imunitas pasien covid-19.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian (ulasan) literatur pada 10 artikel dengan menggunakan database Google Scholar, Pubmed dan Science Direct terbitan tahun 2019-2021. Studi ini diawali penyeleksian artikel  dengan diagram Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Kriteria yang digunakan adalah artikel yang diakses secara penuh ( full text) dalam format pdf  menggunakan bahasa Inggris dengan kata kunci vitamin C, vitamin D dan Covid-19.Hasil: Literatur review ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 artikel yang terdiri masing-masing 5 artikel tentang vitamin C dan vitamin D. Pemberian suplementasi vitamin C dapat mengurangi gejala, meningkatkan kesadaran dan menurunkan risiko kematian akibat Covid-19. Suplementasi vitamin D berpengaruh terhadap lama hari rawat di rumah sakit, kebutuhan oksigen dan peningkatan serum 25(OH)D sehingga dapat mempercepat penyembuhan Covid-19.Simpulan: Vitamin C berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan sistem imun dan berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Vitamin D dapat berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan sistem imun bawaan dan sistem imun adaptif, sehingga dapat mempercepat penyembuhan infeksi Covid-19.
Odchody učitelů z profese: Přehledová studie
Authors: Kostelecká Yvona , Valášková Vincejová Eva
Published: March 2023

Teachers are a key component of any education system. Any attempts to improve the quality of education must start with building a quality, stable and sufficiently robust teacher base. However, this represents a huge challenge for many economies, as many countries are currently struggling with a shortage of quality teachers, mainly because many teachers leave profession. This puts pressure on policymakers and researchers to understand the teacher labour market and find appropriate mechanisms to retain quality teachers. This text identifies the reasons that lead teachers to leave their profession through a systematic literature review based on the analysis of 69 international studies published in journals indexed by the Web of Science. An almost endless list of potential risk and protective factors were mentioned in the studies, the salience of which may vary in different cultural contexts. Only thorough knowledge of the local context can determine which set of research-driven policies is the most appropriate for a given state, locality, or school.
„Odporność bibliotek” – analiza SWOT w kontekście doświadczenia pandemii
Authors: Kisilowska-Szurmińska Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników analizy SWOT dotyczącej polskich bibliotek publicznych po doświadczeniu pandemii, w kontekście budowania przez nie odporności instytucjonalnej oraz udziału w rozwijaniu odporności społeczności lokalnych, w których funkcjonują. W tekście omówiono zjawisko odporności bibliotek na podstawie dostępnej literatury przedmiotu, zaprezentowano wyniki analizy SWOT i wnioski dotyczące oceny odporności placówek będących przedmiotem badania. Zwrócono uwagę na mocne strony bibliotek, na brak zarządzania kryzysowego i potrzebę jego wdrożenia.
Mappa mundi w kodeksie Jakuba z Kowalewic (BUP Rkp. 1746) a Historia Brittonum Nenniusza
Authors: Nowak Łukasz
Published: March 2023

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi analizę treściową mappae mundi zawartej w kodeksie Jakuba z Kowalewic (BUP Rkp. 1746),  próbę odpowiedzi na pytania o proweniencję wpisanego w  nią tekstu i jej autora oraz orientacyjne określenie czasu jej powstania. Ponadto poddano analizie listy prowincji  wpisane zarówno w mapy typu T-O, jak i te zmieszczone  poza nimi, w zebranych kodeksach zawierających analogiczny tekst do tego z poznańskiego kodeksu,  pochodzący pierwotnie z IX-wiecznego dzieła autorstwa Nenniusza pt. Historia Brittonum. Artykuł prezentuje wyniki poszukiwania w polskich zbiorach map typu T-O, które  mogły być wzorem dla mapy znajdującej się w kodeksie Jakuba z Kowalewic. Podjęto również próbę analizy  treściowej listy prowincji wpisanej w mapę oraz wskazania różnic i cech wspólnych w znalezionych mapach i  egzemplarzu w kodeksie Rkp. 1746.
Od JHP KABA do Deskryptorów Biblioteki Narodowej – wdrożenie zasad katalogowania Biblioteki Narodowej w Bibliotece Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu
Authors: Dwornik Agnieszka
Published: March 2023

W artykule przedstawiono proces zmiany zasad katalogowania w Bibliotece Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu – odejście od JHP KABA i wdrożenie zasad katalogowania z zastosowaniem Deskryptorów Biblioteki Narodowej. Opisano przesłanki, jakie zainicjowały zmianę, etapy przygotowań oraz wdrożenie nowego sposobu opracowania. Porównane zostały zarówno zawartość informacyjna danych bibliograficznych w poprzedniej i nowej metodzie opracowania, jak i ich funkcjonalność we wdrożonym systemie nowej generacji Alma z wyszukiwarką Primo VE. Oceniono również przydatność nowych danych dla użytkowników biblioteki akademickiej. Zakres chronologiczny artykułu obejmuje lata 2015–2022. Praca ma charakter studium przypadku z zastosowaniem metody porównawczej i analizy piśmiennictwa.
Bioretention Model for Urban Runoff Treatment in a Tropical Climate: A Case Study at the Universiti Sains Malaysia
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Woon Khee Ling , Goh Hui Weng ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Chang Chun Kiat ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Juiani Siti Fairuz ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Zakaria Nor Azazi ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Model for Urban Storm Water Improvement Conceptualism (MUSIC) software has been widely used to predict the treatment and performance of stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) such as bioretention for decision-making purposes in stormwater management. However, the calibration of bioretention models based on pollutant runoff characteristics in the tropics is rarely studied. This paper presents the calibration of bioretention model parameters using MUSIC software to treat polluted runoff in a tropical climate. The bioretention model was simulated based on a pilot study at the Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) engineering campus to evaluate the flow rate and pollutant’s reduction performance. Two stages of calibration were conducted, with the first stage to calibrate the inflow and pollutant concentrations, and the second stage to further calibrate the k-C* model to fit the experimental results. The validation of the model was done using the percentage bias between modeled and experimental data to evaluate the accuracy of bioretention modeling using MUSIC software. Overall, the accuracy of this model increased after calibration and can be accepted, as the performance of bioretention models for total suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus removal percentage are good or very good (-13%, -4%, and -39% respectively), whereas the flow rate reduction is satisfactory (17%).
The Menaechmi
Authors: Zhmud Leonid
Published: March 2023

In the mid-first century BC Geminus of Rhodes, a scientist and philosopher close to Posidonius, composed a comprehensive Theory of Mathematical Sciences, in the surviving fragments of which the numerous characters are referred to plainly by name, with some of them being namesakes of other, more well-known mathematicians and philosophers. This paper tries to set apart the namesakes of Geminus, of which there are four in his fragments: Theodorus, Hippias, Oenopides, and Menaechmus.
Fuzzy induced controller for optimal power quality improvement with PVA connected UPQC
Authors: Simhachalam Ravada , Goswami Agam Das
Published: March 2023

The major power quality issues in grid are voltage fluctuations and harmonics. For better power quality of the power system during disturbances on the grid, the UPQC device is utilized to maintain voltage magnitude and reduced harmonics. At the DC link of UPQC along with the capacitor, a renewable PV source is connected which contributes in voltage compensation by the series VSC and harmonics compensation by the shunt VSC. For stable DC voltage generation from PV source a modified P&O MPPT with DC reference is included controlling the boost converter connected to PV source. The controllers of VSCs are operated by feedback loop synchronized schematics with voltage reference generation in series VSC control and current reference generation in shunt VSC control. The shunt control is updated with hybrid Fuzzy-PI controller replacing the traditional PI controller further improving the power quality of the grid. The hybrid Fuzzy-PI varies the K

p
and K

i
gains as per the error generated by the DC voltage comparison concerning 25 rule-base for each gain. A comparative performance analysis is done with both the controllers in the shunt converter and the results are generated using MATLAB Simulink software.
Importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rejeki Purwo Sri , Witarto Bendix Samarta , Witarto Andro Pramana , Rifdah Salsabila Nabilah , Wafa Ifan Ali , Utami Dita Mega , Izzatunnisa Nabilah , Kencono Wungu Citrawati Dyah , Khaerunnisa Siti , Sakina  , Fazleen Mohd Fathil Nur Ezza
Published: March 2023

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been shown to have a favorable effect on many diseases as a complementary therapy and is a critical component of healthy living. During the pandemic era, physical activity has been promoted for resistance against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is scarce evidence on whether MVPA could reduce the infectivity and susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of MVPA on morbidity, mortality, and duration of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients. We performed a comprehensive search of five online databases for eligible studies up to September 9, 2021. Meta-analyses were conducted to determine the association between MVPA and COVID-19-related morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. The odds ratio (OR) was applied as the summary statistic for the primary outcomes. Secondary analyses were conducted to evaluate the difference in the metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) between the outcome and non-outcome groups with the mean difference as the pooled effect. This meta-analysis included eight observational studies. We found that MVPA significantly reduced the odds of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR=0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85–0.92), hospitalization (OR=0.56; 95% CI=0.35–0.92), and mortality (OR=0.42; 95% CI=0.21–0.81) due to COVID-19 compared to no physical activity. METs≥500 min/week were linked to decreased morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 (OR=0.94 [95% CI=0.90–0.98]; OR=0.56 [95% CI=0.38–0.83]). COVID-19 patients with MVPA demonstrated a lower risk of COVID-19-related morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality compared to those who were less active, highlighting the importance of an active lifestyle despite the pandemic situation where such activities are limited.
Clinical profile of Laron dwarfism – experience from a tertiary care institute in Chennai
Authors: Sethuraman Chidambaram , Venkatasamy Seenivasan
Published: March 2023

Objectives

Laron dwarfism is a rare genetic disorder first reported among Israeli jewish children, subsequently about 350 cases cases have been reported worldwide. We aim to describe the clinical profile of nine children with Laron dwarfism from Institute of Child Health, Chennai.

Methods

Analysis of case records from 2010 to 2018.

Results

Male:female ratio is 6:3. Mean age of the children at the time of diagnosis was 3 years. All children were extremely short, and mean height Z score (SD) was −7.7(0.8). All children had characteristic facies with no hypoglycaemic episodes. Microcephaly was present in four children out of which two had developmental delay. Three out of six boys had micropenis. All children had low insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and high basal growth hormone (GH) with a mean (SD) of 39.6 (11.2) ng/mL.

Conclusions

Suspicion of Laron syndrome should be high when child presents with features of Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) with extreme stunting.
The crystal structure of 5,10-bis(2-methoxyethyl)-5,10-dihydro-[1,2,3,4]tetrathiocino[5,6-b:8, 7-b′]diindole, C22H22N2O2S4
Authors: Ni Ming , Ni Penghui
Published: March 2023

C22H22N2O2S4, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.4865(14) Å, b = 11.756(2) Å, c = 12.863(2) Å, α = 69.693(2)°, β = 70.812(2)°, γ = 72.170(2)°, V = 1109.6(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0280, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0753, T = 296(2) K.
Trabalhadores negros entre a escravidão e a liberdade
Authors: Da Silva Silveira Helen
Published: March 2023

Este artigo aborda a temática dos trabalhadores em escravidão e liberdade (1863-1905), na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, interior do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. As fontes a serem utilizadas são o livro de batismo de cativos desta cidade (1863-1873) e uma foto dos trabalhadores da linha férrea de 1905. Objetivo deste trabalho não é fazer uma cobertura ampla do período, dado que não se dispõe de fontes para tal, mas evidenciar que a população negra foi parte da classe trabalhadora local em ambos os períodos históricos, tanto em escravidão, quanto em liberdade. E também demonstrar que é possível trabalhar com essa temática mesmo nos “confins meridionais.”
Professores e Trabalhadores
Authors: Da Silveira Nobre Clivya
Published: March 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar de que maneira um grupo de professores aposentados do Curso de História da Faculdade de Filosofia de Natal (FAFIN), posteriormente chamada Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras (FFCL), construiu representações da formação ofertada no Curso e das condições do trabalho docente, no período anterior à incorporação do Curso à Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), em 1968. Para isso, foram analisadas entrevistas feitas com os docentes da primeira e segunda gerações, em 2006 e em 2018. Foram mobilizados os conceitos de Trabalho (LEFEBVRE, 2013), Geração (SIRINELLI, 1986), Fonte Oral (PORTELLI, 2016) e Memória (NORA, 1993). Foi utilizada a metodologia de análise de fontes orais. Foi notável a influência nesse processo do objetivo de atender demandas do tempo presente da produção das fontes orais, pela circunstância comemorativa dos momentos (efemérides dos 50 e 60 anos do Curso).
“Pra não dizer que não falei das flores” e “Tropicália”
Authors: Eduardo da Silva Pereira Carlos
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo visa colocar em perspectiva as canções Pra Não Dizer Que Não Falei Das Flores de Geraldo Vandré e Tropicália de Caetano Veloso, buscando traçar um comparativo entre as duas músicas evidenciando diferenças estéticas e de forma e o contexto no qual estavam inseridos os intérpretes. Na primeira seção desse texto serão levantados tópicos importantes em relação à observação dos objetos de estudo e será abordado um panorama do campo da oposição cultural à ditadura civil-militar. Na segunda seção a análise das duas canções é feita colocando em perspectiva as questões estéticas e técnicas de cada música com debates importantes já levantados por outros autores. Na última seção as reflexões finais pontuam uma breve conclusão sobre o texto e situam o debate estabelecido e as possibilidades comparativas entre as duas canções. Além disso, levantamos a questão do papel da arte e dos artistas no cenário político brasileiro atual.
As representações do colono em Erechim em Gatos à Paisana (1962) de Gladstone Osório Mársico
Authors: Elisa Zinani Rodrigues Gláucia
Published: March 2023

O artigo analisa as representações do colono no romance, Gatos à Paisana do escritor erechinense Gladstone Osório Mársico (1927-1976). A proposta é analisar as representações da colônia e dos colonos de um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul em meados do século XX, a partir de Gatos à Paisana publicada em 1962, nela contém reflexões sobre o período (1900-1962), em Erechim, na narrativa nomeado ficticiamente como Boa Vista. O estudo, em termos teóricos metodológicos, dialoga com a História Cultural e situa-se na fronteira entre a Literatura e a História. O cruzamento de fontes inclui revisão bibliográfica, fonte oral e utiliza para a análise o conceito de representações de Roger Chartier.
Large strain creep analysis of composite thick-walled anisotropic cylinders
Authors: Vinod Arya
Published: March 2023

Creep analysis of a thick-walled composite anisotropic cylinder under internal pressure and considering large strains is presented. Using a threshold creep law for composite materials, expressions for stresses, strains, and strain rates are derived for several anisotropic cases. Numerical results, presented through several graphs and tables, depict the effect of anisotropy on the stress, strain, and strain rate distributions. Since for a specific type of material anisotropy described in the paper, these quantities are found to have the lowest values at the inner radius (the potential location of cylinder failure). It is concluded that by employing such an anisotropic material for the design of a thick-walled cylinder a longer service life for the cylinder may be achieved.
Crime against the natural environment – ecocide – from the perspective of international law
Authors:   University of Gdańsk, Poland, Nyka Maciej
Published: March 2023

Deep, human induced, environmental changes become a global danger for the whole population. A form of reaction to those dangers as well as possibility of reversing the risks can be a deeper insight into the legal instruments of environmental liability – including the criminal liability for environmental harm. While national legal systems seem to succeed in introducing instruments of criminal liability of environmental crimes, the international law seems not to follow this trend. It is even hard to specify what constitutes the environmental crime according to international law. The evolution of international law in this field has shown many and unsuccessful attempts to bring environmental crimes into the catalogues of crimes recognized by international law. The most promising fora for identification of international crimes against environment seems to be the International Criminal Court (ICC). Potential use of ICC for identification and effective realization of criminal liability of environmental damage has however its limits.
Legal aspects of green-branding
Authors:   University of Bialystok, Poland, Rutkowska-Sowa Magdalena , Poznański Paweł ,   University of Warsaw, Poland
Published: March 2023

Trade mark law reflects economic and social trends. With the shift towards an economy based on sustainable development, the rise of environmental awareness among consumers, and the growing popularity of eco-marketing, marks containing indications such as „green”, „eco” or „bio” appear increasingly on the market. Such labels can inform and assist consumers in purchasing products that comply with the eco-requirements, strengthen the competitiveness of producers by promoting the least environmentally damaging products, offering higher quality products, and consequently encouraging both parties to act in an eco-friendly manner. Their registration is possible, but more difficult than for „classic trade marks” submitted for protection before the patent offices. This text is intended to provide an overview of the registration requirements of so-called „green trade marks”. The study mainly used the formal-dogmatic method. Based on an analysis of the European Union Intellectual Property Office practice and the judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, authors indicate the applicable interpretation of EU trade mark law. They analyze binding restrictions taking into account the interests of both individual market players and the public. This issue has not yet been commented on by the doctrine. Eco-labels and symbols, which can be used by entities meeting criteria that are defined by certification bodies are outside the scope of this review.
Energy security in Poland – transformation and role of nuclear energy
Authors:   Doctoral School of Social Sciences, University of Bialystok, Poland, Betkowski Piotr
Published: March 2023

Currently, Poland is facing the challenge of energy transformation towards a zero-emissional energy system. In this article author presents basic assumptions of Poland’s energy security system. Moreover, a particular focus is set on replacement of coal power plant, which are currently a fundament of Polish electricity production system. Therefore, in this article is examined a several aspects of transformation of national energy mix with analise of nuclear energy as a potentially significant part of future energy security fundament. This article also presents the possibilities of implementing various types of nuclear power facilities, as well as de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates in the Polish nuclear law.
Cyfryzacja jako determinanta międzynarodowej konkurencyjności gospodarki. Przypadek krajów Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
Authors:   Wydział Ekonomiczno-Informatyczny, Filia Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku w Wilnie, Grynia Alina
Published: March 2023

Purpose – The aim of the article is to assess the role of digital transformation in shaping the competitiveness of the national economy on the example of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Research method – Analysis of the literature on the subject and deductive reasoning were employed. A comparative analysis of the level of overall international competitive-ness and digital competitiveness of the CEE countries was based on the studies of the International Development Management Institute (IMD). Results – The level of digitization in individual countries of the European Union varies. The conducted research has shown a significant impact of the progress in the field of digitization on the international competitiveness of the CEE region. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Technological change generates great benefits, but can also disrupt the functioning of the economy. Assuming that the develop-ment of new technologies will continue, it is necessary to intensify research on the problem of the impact of digitization on competitiveness. The article is a voice in the discussion on the role of digital transformation in the context of the competitiveness of the economy.