bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pílula mágica da gripezinha: a narrativa da cloroquina nos grupos bolsonaristas de WhatsApp durante a pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: De Sá Cardoso Tarcísio , Correia Lima Ferreira Gomes Renata , Sadao Nakagawa Fabio , Miranda de Oliveira Nakagawa Regiane
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho analisa o modo como se construiu o universo narrativo da cloroquina como cura/tratamento para a Covid-19 nos grupos de WhatsApp bolsonaristas. Para tal, exploram-se duas linhas argumentativas com base na possibilidade de haver a produção e manutenção de uma teoria conspiratória focada na lógica dicotômica do bem contra o mal. O primeiro argumento destaca a maneira como a narrativa dos benevolentes se estrutura em defesa de uma crença autossustentada sobre a eficácia do produto, que, de acordo com Cassam (2019), caracteriza um "vício epistêmico". O segundo refere-se à construção da narrativa por meio de uma rede de posições ideologicamente orientadas para criar antagonistas, que interpretamos à luz da noção de "baixa polícia", a partir de Rancière (1996, 2014). Como estratégia metodológica de análise, foi elaborada uma cronologia entre as principais mensagens sobre a cloroquina difundidas em grupos bolsonaristas, acessadas por meio do Monitor de Whatsapp, desenvolvido pela UFMG. A relação cronológica das mensagens permitiu apreender as dominâncias de cada fase da construção narrativa, de modo a reuni-las em uma rede discursiva, cuja análise tenta responder à questão investigada.
Palavras- chave: Universo narrativo da cloroquina. WhatsApp bolsonaristas. Semiótica.
Poder oracular e ecossistemas digitais de comunicação:
Authors: Nascimento Leonardo Fernandes , De Freitas Castro Fonseca Paulo , Pereira de Jesus Juciane , Batista de Oliveira Jéfte
Published: October 2021

O Brasil tem se consolidado como um exemplo negativo para a gestão da crise sanitária na pandemia. Apesar disso, levantamentos recentes indicam que uma parte significativa da população mantém intacto seu apoio e confiança no governo federal e em sua estratégia de gestão da Covid-19. A fim de contribuir para a compreensão sobre como se caracterizam a epistemologia e a arquitetura comunicacional digital do bolsonarismo, este trabalho analisa, a partir do referencial teórico dos estudos sociais da ignorância, os debates sobre a pandemia de Covid-19 em um grupo de apoiadores do presidente Bolsonaro no Telegram. A partir de 188.198 mensagens de texto compartilhadas no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2020, foram filtradas e analisadas as comunicações relacionadas com três posicionamentos controversos do governo federal: a oposição às medidas de distanciamento social, a defesa do uso da hidroxicloroquina como tratamento precoce para a Covid-19 e, por fim, a negligência e/ou descrédito em relação à vacinação. Argumentamos ser possível compreender a atuação do presidente Bolsonaro como um exercício de poder oracular de um líder populista digital. Isto seria possibilitado pela a arquitetura das comunicações em redes digitais bolsonaristas, que se configuram como um ecossistema midiático multiplataforma baseado na sensação de uma conexão direta entre líder e povo. Além disso, a análise aponta que, ao contrário de negar a credibilidade e legitimidade da ciência, o bolsonarismo opera demarcações de fronteiras de ignorância por dentro da própria ciência. 
Palavras-chave: Covid-19, ignorância, bolsonarismo.
A Secure Three Factor-Based Authentication Scheme for Telecare Medicine Information Systems With Privacy Preservation
Authors: Chatterjee Kakali
Published: October 2021

Telecare Medicine Information System (TMIS) is now attracting field for remote healthcare, diagnosis and emergency health services etc. The major objective of this type of system is to provide medical facilities to patients who are critically ill and unable to attend hospitals or put in isolation for observations. A major challenge of such systems is to securely transmit patients' health related information to the medical server through an insecure channel. This collected sensitive data is further used by medical practitioners for diagnosis and treatment purposes. Therefore, security and privacy are essential for healthcare data. In this paper, a robust authentication protocol based on Chebyshev Chaotic map has been proposed for adequate security while transmitting data. The privacy preservation is maintained by a rule set which mainly controls the views. A detailed security analysis was performed for the proposed scheme.
An Effective Intrusion Detection System Using Homogeneous Ensemble Techniques
Authors: Masoodi Faheem Syeed , Abrar Iram , Bamhdi Alwi M.
Published: October 2021

In this work, homogeneous ensemble techniques, namely bagging and boosting were employed for intrusion detection to determine the intrusive activities in network by monitoring the network traffic. Simultaneously, model diversity was enhanced as numerous algorithms were taken into account, thereby leading to an increase in the detection rate Several classifiers, i.e., SVM, KNN, RF, ETC and MLP) were used in case of bagging approach. Likewise, tree-based classifiers have been employed for boosting. The proposed model was tested on NSL-KDD dataset that was initially subjected to preprocessing. Accordingly, ten most significant features were identified using decision tree and recursive feature elimination method. Furthermore, the dataset was divided into five subsets, each one them being subjected to training, and the final results were obtained based on majority voting. Experimental results proved that the model was effective for detecting intrusive activities. Bagged ETC and boosted RF outperformed all the other classifiers with an accuracy of 99.123% and 99.309%, respectively.
A Quantitative Method for Measuring Health of Authoritative Name Servers
Authors: Adiwal Sanjay , Rajendran Balaji , Pushparaj Shetty D.
Published: October 2021

The Domain Name System - DNS is regarded as one of the critical infrastructure component of the global Internet because a large-scale DNS outage would effectively take a typical user offline. Therefore, the Internet community should ensure that critical components of the DNS ecosystem - that is, root name servers, top-level domain registrars and registries, authoritative name servers, and recursive resolvers - function smoothly. To this end, the community should monitor them periodically and provide public alerts about abnormal behavior. The authors propose a novel quantitative approach for evaluating the health of authoritative name servers – a critical, core, and a large component of the DNS ecosystem. The performance is typically measured in terms of response time, reliability, and throughput for most of the Internet components. This research work proposes a novel list of parameters specifically for determining the health of authoritative name servers: DNS attack permeability, latency comparison, and DNSSEC validation.
An Investigation to the Industry 4.0 Readiness of Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors: Peng Guochao , Chen Si , Chen Xi , Liu Caihua
Published: October 2021

The visions of what constitutes Industry 4.0 is an industry based on gains in efficiency and productivity enhancements supported by integrated, smart information systems. This has caused information systems strategic misalignment that present a severe barrier to national and organizational aspirations. This paper studies the readiness of manufacturing companies for Industry 4.0 by using a case study of Chinese multinational enterprise in the aluminum production sector. The research design follows a rigorous grounded theory approach, which consisted of 41 semi-structured interviews in 7 different company branches. Based on this case study, the paper proposes an IS strategic misalignment model that identifies three levels of misalignment that need to be resolved before the vision of the smart industry can be realized. Six main categories of causes and five main categories of consequences of IS strategic misalignment are presented. This study contributes to the IS alignment literature and provides important implications for the achievement of Industry 4.0 in practice.
Critical Care Nurses’ Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A US National Survey
Authors: Guttormson Jill L. , Calkins Kelly , McAndrew Natalie , Fitzgerald Jacklynn , Losurdo Holly , Loonsfoot Danielle
Published: October 2021

Background

Given critical care nurses’ high prepandemic levels of moral distress and burnout, the COVID-19 pandemic will most likely have a tremendous influence on intensive care unit (ICU) nurses’ mental health and continuation in the ICU workforce.

Objective

To describe the experiences of ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods

Nurses who worked in ICUs in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic were recruited to complete a survey from October 2020 through early January 2021 through social media and the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. Three open-ended questions focused on the experiences of ICU nurses during the pandemic.

Results

Of 498 nurses who completed the survey, 285 answered the open-ended questions. Nurses reported stress related to a lack of evidence-based treatment, poor patient prognosis, and lack of family presence in the ICU. Nurses perceived inadequate leadership support and inequity within the health care team. Lack of consistent community support to slow the spread of COVID-19 or recognition that COVID-19 was real increased nurses’ feelings of isolation. Nurses reported physical and emotional symptoms including exhaustion, anxiety, sleeplessness, and moral distress. Fear of contracting COVID-19 or of infecting family and friends was also prevalent.

Conclusions

Intensive care unit nurses in the United States experienced unprecedented and immense burden during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding these experiences provides insights into areas that must be addressed to build and sustain an ICU nurse workforce. Studies are needed to further describe nurses’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify effective resources that support ICU nurse well-being.
Pyrite and pyrrhotite in a prograde metamorphic sequence, Hyland River region, SE Yukon: implications for orogenic gold
Authors: Padget C D W , Pattison D R M , Moynihan D P , Beyssac O
Published: October 2021

The distribution of pyrite and pyrrhotite is documented within an andalusite-sillimanite type (high-temperature, low-pressure) metasedimentary succession exposed in the Hyland River region of southeastern Yukon, Canada. The following metamorphic zones are
recognized: chlorite, biotite, cordierite/staurolite (porphyroblast-in), andalusite, sillimanite, and K-feldspar + sillimanite. Pyrite occurs in the chlorite zone through the biotite zone, while pyrrhotite occurs from the chlorite zone to K-feldspar + sillimanite zone. The pyrite-pyrrhotite
transition, therefore, occupies an interval in the chlorite and lower biotite zones that is terminated upgrade by a pyrite-out isograd in the upper part of the biotite zone or lowest grade part of the cordierite/staurolite zone. Pressure and temperature conditions of the rocks were estimated from
phase equilibrium modelling and from Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material (RSCM) thermometry. Modelling indicates pressures of 3.7-4.1 kbar with temperatures of ~425 °C at the biotite isograd, 560-570 °C for chlorite-out/porphyroblast-in, ~575 °C for andalusite-in,
575-600 °C for the sillimanite isograd, and 645-660 °C at the K-feldspar + sillimanite isograd. RSCM temperatures are greater than or equal to 420 °C in the Chl zone, 500 °C at the Bt isograd, 525-550 °C for porphyroblast-in isograd, ~550 °C at the And isograd, and
580 °C at the Sil isograd. These results suggest the pyrite-pyrrhotite transition occurs from less than or equal to 420°C to ~560 °C. Thermodynamic modelling shows 0.6 wt. % H2O is released during metamorphism over the ~140 °C interval of the pyrite-pyrrhotite
transition. The gradual release of fluid in the biotite zone is interpreted to have broadened the pyrite-pyrrhotite transition compared to other studies that predict a small interval of vigorous fluid release associated with volumetric chlorite consumption. Samples from the pyrite-pyrrhotite
transition zone contain lower whole rock and pyrite Au values than samples from unmetamorphosed/lower rocks, suggesting that Au was removed from the rock at conditions below the pyrite-pyrrhotite transition (<420 °C). The chlorite zone and higher-grade metamorphic rocks of the Hyland
River area do not appear to be a plausible source region for orogenic gold.
God Abhors Corruption: Some Thoughts on Acts 5:1-11with special reference to the South African Countercorruption Efforts
Authors: Speckman McGlory
Published: October 2021

Corruption has become a buzz word the world-over today. South Africa is no less affected by it than are other countries. Many counter-corruption measures have been devised from a political perspective with no visible results. This reflection is an attempt to introduce a religious intervention. The article argues that the narrative of Ananias and Sapphira (Acts: 1-11) has all the elements of corruption as we know it today as well as a decisive response to it. Redaction criticism is employed in reading the narrative of Ananias and Sapphira with particular reference to the South African counter-corruption efforts. The reading reveals that God abhors corruption, this being inferred from the ‘double-deaths’ of the corrupt couple. A conclusion is therefore reached that drastic action against perpetrators is imperative and that trustees of state authority who fail to act against corruption and its perpetrators do not deserve to be rewarded with office
Carmen Rovira Gaspar, Historian of Mexican Thought. Conviction, Constancy, Solidarity
Authors: Mora García José Luis
Published: October 2021

This article traces a profile of the life of Carmen Rovira whose relationship with the National Autonomous University of Mexico spans more than seventy years. Daughter of Spanish exile, exiled herself, she inherited a good part of the ideals of her parents and has dedicated her life to the history of Mexican philosophy in its Ibero-American and cosmopolitan projection. He has left a well-trained team that ensures the continuity of a necessary philosophical enterprise for Mexico and for the Spanish and Portuguese-speaking community within the framework of international relations that must be respectful of the differences of the different communities in order to build a solid coexistence. human.
Щодо необхідності розроблення та впровадження системи військово-медичних стандартів у Збройних Силах України
Authors: Livinskyi V. G. , Zhakhovsky V. O. , Ivanko O. M. , Ivchuk V. M. , Serebryakov O. M.
Published: October 2021

Вступ. Системне реформування у сфері національної безпеки та оборони в Україні висуває високі вимоги до медичного забезпечення ЗС України. Одним із ефективних механізмів впливу держави на якість надання медичної допомоги військовослужбовцям є стандартизація медичного забезпечення, що спрямована на досягнення оптимального ступеня впорядкування в системі військової охорони здоров’я шляхом розроблення та впровадження норм, вимог, правил, технологій, робіт, послуг, що застосовуються в охороні здоров’я.

Мета. Обґрунтування необхідності розроблення системи військово-медичних стандартів та визначення порядку їх впровадження у систему медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил (ЗС) України.

Матеріали та методи. Використано законодавчі та нормативно-правові акти з питань охорони здоров’я, керівні документи щодо медичного забезпечення ЗС України, інформаційно-довідкові матеріали, монографії та наукові статті щодо опрацювання та провадження стандартів надання медичної допомоги, а також керівні документи з медичного забезпечення збройних сил держав-членів НАТО. Об’єкт дослідження – система медичного забезпечення ЗС України. Предмет дослідження – система військово-медичних стандартів у ЗС України. Методи дослідження: бібліографічний, аналітичний, системного підходу, узагальнення, прогностичний.

Результати. Вивчено та проаналізовано нормативно-правові акти, що визначають організацію та порядок медичного забезпечення ЗС України, необхідність впровадження військово-медичних стандартів у діяльність медичної служби, а також керівні документи з медичного забезпечення збройних сил держав-членів НАТО. Проведено дослідження стану розроблення та впровадження системи військово-медичних стандартів у ЗС України та встановлено, що до цього часу робота щодо стандартизації медичного забезпечення ЗС України не набула системного характеру, розроблено лише окремі документи з питань стандартизації надання медичної допомоги, підготовки військовослужбовців з тактичної медицини та медичного постачання. Загальна система військово-медичних стандартів у ЗС України залишається нерозробленою та не впровадженою.

Висновки. Робота щодо розроблення та впровадження системи військово-медичних стандартів у медичне забезпечення ЗС України залишається незавершеною, а система військово-медичних стандартів нерозробленою, що викликає необхідність проведення науково-дослідної роботи із зазначеної проблеми.
PEMANFAATAN FITUR GAMIFIKASI DARING MAZE CHASE–WORDWALL SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DIGITAL MATA KULIAH STATISTIKA DAN PROBABILITAS
Authors: Khairunisa Yuyun
Published: October 2021

Gamifikasi adalah proses penggabungan aturan dalam game, yaitu pola, rancangan, dan mekanika game yang bertujuan untuk mengubah kegiatan non-game ke dalam kegiatan pembelajaran agar lebih menarik bagi penggunanya. Hal itulah yang ingin dibuktikan dalam penelitian ini karena game diyakini dapat memberikan berbagai keuntungan dari aspek psikologis pengguna baik secara kognitif, emosional, maupun sosial sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat dan interaktivitas peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Terdapat beberapa plattform gamifikasi daring yang banyak digunakan salah satunya adalah wordwall. Penulis memanfaatkan salah satu fitur daring pada platform tersebut lalu melakukan evaluasi terhadap capaian pembelajaran. Hasilnya adalah nilai sebagai tolok ukur capaian pembelajaran yang diperoleh mahasiswa setelah memanfaatkan fitur gamifikasi ini lebih besar dibandingkan sebelum fitur gamifikasi daring tersebut digunakan.
Abdominal Distension after Myomectomy: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Radiology -National oncology institute –Mohamed V University-Rabat-Morocco, Othman Ayouche
Published: October 2021

We report the case of a 43-year-old woman who had a laparoscopic uterine fibroid resection, admitted for rapid progressive abdominal distention, and for whom MRI and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse peritoneal leiomyomatosis. This begnin pathology is rarely described in the literature and its knowledge and important because of the pseudotumoral morphological appearance.
EXAMINING THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTITIONERS IN MANAGING MENTAL HEALTH IN WORKPLACES
Authors: Ochieng Olayo , Kamau Lewis
Published: October 2021

Purpose: This paper sought to examine the role of human Resource practitioners in managing mental health in workplaces.

Methodology: An exploratory research methodology was used in this study. Exploratory research design is used to study a problem that is not clearly defined. It is carried out to gain a better understanding of the problem at hand but will not provide conclusive results. The study examined the studies that have been carried out on the subject. This means that the study was based on a desk review of existing studies and documented statistics. In addition, it cited the legal framework on mental health. A narrative analysis was performed and at this point the information was interpreted by comparing the results with the results of other empirical studies. This information was interpreted using the “stories in the stories” and linked to the existing literature.

Results: Human Resource practitioners are faced with a lot of tough situations. One of such key challenges is learning that an employee is struggling with mental health. The study found that human Resource practitioners are not well educated on the subject. Thus, their initial response to employees with mental health has impacted negatively on the employees.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This paper aimed to enrich knowledge on the role of human Resource practitioners (HRP) in addressing mental health. The paper recommends scholars and human resource practitioners to conduct further research since the work environment has evolved in the past decade, and has been affected by major technological development and the health pandemic. Further, the study recommends labour industry stakeholders to train HRM on how to handle employees with mental health. It recommends the occupational safety and health laws should be amended to require organizations to have mental health policy. Finally, the health policy responses to the crisis therefore need to focus on both physical and mental health interventions.
The Impact of Participative Decision-Making on Organizational Commitment: A Study among Employees of Mobile Telecom Companies in Yemen
Authors: Sanad Salah , S. Anitha
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The study aimed at examining the relationship between participative decision-making and organizational commitment among employees working in mobile telecom companies in Yemen.
Approach/Methodology/Design: This study is descriptive-analytical. The study population comprised the employees working at the four mobile telecom companies in Sana'a, Yemen's capital city (Yemen Mobile, Sabafon, MTN and Y-Telecom). One hundred twenty questionnaires were collected and were valid for the data analysis. Different statistical tools, including regression analysis and correlation coefficients, were applied, and data were analyzed using SPSS.
Findings: The regression analysis output shows a significant positive relationship between participative decision-making and affective commitment (β = 0.48, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the regression analysis shows a significant positive relationship between participative decision making and continuance commitment (β = 0.59, p < 0.001). In addition, the significance of regression analysis tested using the regression coefficients shows a significant positive relationship between participative decision-making and normative commitment (β = 0.72, p < 0.001).
Practical Implications: The study recommends that the companies managers need to motivate and inspire their employees to actively participate in the decision-making process to enhance their level of organizational commitment.
Originality/value: The study presents evidence from a new setting where insufficient analysis has been performed to investigate the direct relationship between the variables tested.
Contextualización de la cuarta revolución industrial, Industria 4.0, Industria 5.0 y tecnología 5G con el sector Defensa y Seguridad
Authors: Arciniegas Londoño Laura , Corzo Ussa German Darío
Published: October 2021

En el siguiente artículo de investigación se expone de manera académica la conceptualización y diferenciación de términos tales como: cuarta revolución industrial, industria 4.0, industria 5.0 y tecnologías 5G. Los cuales, por el pasar de los años, han sido confundidos y generalizados por su procedencia tecnológica. De esta manera, en primer lugar se desarrolla una contextualización histórica con respecto a las etapas que han acontecido sobre la revolución industrial, seguido de una explicación teórica fundamentada con una revisión de literatura para explicar el significado de cada concepto. Luego se realiza una consideración de cómo estos componentes de orden tecnológico aportan y crean un ambiente más dinámico en aspectos claves como la competitividad, defensa y seguridad en las naciones. Se concluye que la tecnología articulada en la industria y las comunicaciones son un factor importante al equiparar y enfrentar el desarrollo del poder militar como una de las necesidades de primer nivel, pues es una actividad de Estado el proteger los intereses y objetivos vitales de la nación.
Demenzsensible Architektur.
Authors: Dietz Birgit
Published: October 2021

Immer mehr Menschen werden immer älter. Mit dem Älterwerden gehen häufig kognitive Einschränkungen und demenzielle Erkrankungen einher. Für diese Menschen ist eine Architektur gefordert, die die Sinneseinschränkungen berücksichtigt und vor allem Sicherheit und Orientierung bietet.

Der Fokus des Buches liegt auf der besonders sorgfältigen Gestaltung der Lebensräume für ältere Menschen. Es werden zunächst die altersbedingten Beeinträchtigungen von Körper und Geist ausführlich erläutert und daraus folgernd die möglichen baulichen Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung beschrieben. Mithilfe vieler Praxisbeispiele aus dem häuslichen Umfeld, aus Pflegeheimen und Krankenhäusern gibt das Buch Planern und Architekten sowie allen Interessierten ganz konkrete Empfehlungen und Planungshinweise an die Hand.
Simulation und Regelung von Resonanzversuchsständen zur Untersuchung der Bauteilermüdung.
Authors: Herrmann Ralf
Published: October 2021

Im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit steht die Entwicklung eines Konzepts zur flexiblen Auslegung von innovativen Resonanzversuchsständen, um Ermüdungsuntersuchungen an großen Bauteilen im Langzeitfestigkeitsbereich zu realisieren. Bei einem Resonanzversuchsstand wird der schwingungsfähige Probekörper durch eine harmonische Kraftanregung mittels Unwuchtantrieben nahe der Eigenfrequenz belastet und aufgrund der schwachen Dämpfung des Schwingungssystems eine Vervielfachung der Beanspruchung des Bauteils erzeugt. Durch die entwickelte Simulationsumgebung kann bei jeder Versuchsauslegung ein komplettes digitales Modell des Resonanzversuchsstands erstellt werden, welches das elektrische, regelungstechnische und mechanische Verhalten des geplanten Experiments virtuell vor der Umsetzung simuliert und so die Realisierbarkeit mit den gewählten Antriebskomponenten und die Qualität der Beanspruchungserzeugung geprüft werden. Das Resonanzversuchsstandskonzept wurde erfolgreich an drei Resonanzversuchsständen realisiert und dabei die Prüfdauer um den Faktor 4 verkürzt und der Energiebedarf um den Faktor 792 im Vergleich zu konventioneller hydraulischer Prüftechnik reduziert.
Development of Digital Resources for the Digital Library
“Scientific Heritage of Russia”
Authors: Lopukhina Anna , Rybakova Anastasiya , Kirillov Sergey
Published: October 2021

The paper describes methods of formation and presentation of digital
objects of various types (printed publications, archival materials, museum objects, audio and video materials) for the Digital Library “Scientific Heritage of
Russia”. A digital publishing hardware and software system has been created
within the framework of the digital library project. The digital publishing hardware and software system consists of five subsystems: dispatching subsystem,
content description subsystem, digitization subsystem, generating digital publications subsystem and content control and storage subsystem. Dispatching subsystem organizes the work on content creation. Content description subsystem
describes objects of the digital library. Digitization subsystem produces digital
copies of library items, archival and museum objects. Digital publications subsystem creates the final products: digital books, 3D models, etc. Content control
subsystem controls the quality of the scanned books and metadata.
Algorithms for Integration of Unstructured
Mathematical Documents into the Common Digital
Space of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Gafurova Polina , Elizarov Alexander , Lipachev Evgeny
Published: October 2021

Algorithms for documents metadata formation of unstructured
digital mathematical collections are proposed. They are based on the use of
search queries to such open scientific resources of the World Wide Web as
DBPedia, Wikidata, Wikipedia, Freebase. The developed algorithms made it
possible to generate metadata in cases where it is very difficult or even
impossible to extract it from document using text analytics methods. The
results of applying these algorithms in the process of forming fundamental
metadata sets of retro-collections included in the Lobachevskii Digital
Mathematical Library ((Lobachevskii-DML, https://lobachevskii-dml.ru/) are
presented. The composition of the main set of metadata complies with the
requirements of the European Digital Mathematical Library (EuDML). The
xml-language based on the Archive and Log Exchange Tag Package (NISO
JATS) was used to represent the metadata.
National Research Computer Network of Russia
as an Infrastructure and Service Platform
for a Common Digital Space of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Abramov Alexey , Evseev Anton , Gonchar Andrey , Shabanov Boris
Published: October 2021

The contribution provides general information on the
architecture of the National Research Computer Network (NIKS), operated
and developed by JSCC RAS on the assignment of the Ministry of Science
and Higher Education of the Russian Federation since 2019. The structure of
the service platform of NIKS in the context of the current state and
development prospects within the framework of the project of comprehensive
network modernization for 2021–2024 is presented. The opportunities
provided by NIKS for enhancement of a common digital space of scientific
knowledge of the country, increasing the level of accessibility, information
security and network protection of its resources and services are denoted.
Individual scientific services, information technology services and services
for collective use functioning on the basis of the NIKS infrastructure, built,
including on massively exploited technologies of federated authentication and
developed in cooperation with the global research and education community
are introduced and discussed. Special attention is paid to the national identity
federation of Russia in the field of science and education, implemented and
promising projects and services under its umbrella.
Beneficios de las técnicas agroecológicas, una experiencia con mujeres de una comunidad rural en México
Authors: Vázquez Toris Rosalía , Solís Oba M. Myrna , Rojas Serrano Coral , Castro Rivera Rigoberto , Aguilar Benitez Gisela , Solis Oba Aída , Rappo Miguez Susana
Published: October 2021

La agroecología es la integración de la investigación, educación, acción y cambio que trae como resultado la sustentabilidad a todas las partes del sistema alimentario: ecológico, económico y social. Técnicas agroecológicas como el uso de fertilizantes orgánicos tales como la composta, vermicomposta y digestato (efluente de los biodigestores después de la digestión anaerobia), contribuyen a reducir problemas ambientales y sociales, a través de métodos y procesos de un modelo de agricultura sustentable. Este proyecto se realizó entre 2015 y 2017 con mujeres de la comunidad rural de San Simón Coatepec, Puebla, México. Se inició con un estudio de generación de residuos, posteriormente se ofrecieron talleres para la apropiación de técnicas agroecológicas, consistentes en la preparación de digestato, composta y vermicomposta, utilizando sus residuos domésticos y de la comunidad. Posteriormente cada participante construyó un huerto de traspatio para cultivar diferentes vegetales mediante camas biointensivas. Al finalizar el proyecto las mujeres reconocieron que la aplicación de técnicas agroecológicas les permitió cosechar sus productos vegetales libres de agroquímicos y vender los excedentes. Además de sentirse más independientes y con más autoestima. La apropiación de técnicas agroecológicas es una manera en la cual las mujeres de comunidades rurales pueden obtener beneficios económicos, sociales y ambientales.
A High-Resolution Monitoring Approach of Canopy Urban Heat Island using Random Forest Model and Multi-platform Observations
Authors: Chen Shihan , Yang Yuanjian , Deng Fei , Zhang Yanhao , Liu Duanyang , Liu Chao , Gao Zhiqiu
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Due to rapid urbanization and intense human activities, the urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a more concerning climatic and environmental issue. A high spatial resolution canopy UHI monitoring method would help better understand the urban thermal environment. Taking the city of Nanjing in China as an example, we propose a method for evaluating canopy UHI intensity (CUHII) at high resolution by using remote sensing data and machine learning with a Random Forest (RF) model. Firstly, the observed environmental parameters [e.g., surface albedo, land use/land cover, impervious surface, and anthropogenic heat flux (AHF)] around densely distributed meteorological stations were extracted from satellite images. These parameters were used as independent variables to construct an RF model for predicting air temperature. The correlation coefficient between the predicted and observed air temperature in the test set was 0.73, and the average root-mean-square error was 0.72 °C. Then, the spatial distribution of CUHII was evaluated at 30-m resolution based on the output of the RF model. We found that wind speed was negatively correlated with CUHII, and wind direction was strongly correlated with the CUHII offset direction. The CUHII reduced with the distance to the city center, due to the de-creasing proportion of built-up areas and reduced AHF in the same direction. The RF model framework developed for real-time monitoring and assessment of high-resolution CUHII provides scientific support for studying the changes and causes of CUHII, as well as the spatial pattern of urban thermal environments.
On the potential of a neural network-based approach for estimating XCO2 from OCO-2 measurements
Authors: Bréon François-Marie , David Leslie , Chatelanaz Pierre , Chevallier Frédéric
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In David et al (2021), we introduced a neural network (NN) approach for estimating the column-averaged dry air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) and the surface pressure from the reflected solar spectra acquired by the OCO-2 instrument. The results indicated great potential for the technique as the comparison against both model estimates and independent TCCON measurements showed an accuracy and precision similar or better than that of the operational ACOS (NASA’s Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space retrievals – ACOS) algorithm. Yet, subsequent analysis showed that the neural network estimate often mimics the training dataset and is unable to retrieve small scale features such as CO2 plumes from industrial sites. Importantly, we found that, with the same inputs as those used to estimate XCO2 and surface pressure, the NN technique is able to estimate latitude and date with unexpected skill, i.e. with an error whose standard deviation is only 7° and 61 days, respectively. The information about the date mainly comes from the weak CO2 band, that is influenced by the well-mixed and increasing concentrations of CO2 in the stratosphere. The availability of such information in the measured spectrum may therefore allow the NN to exploit it rather than the direct CO2 imprint in the spectrum, to estimate XCO2. Thus, our first version of the NN performed well mostly because the XCO2 fields used for the training were remarkably accurate, but it did not bring any added value. Further to this analysis, we designed a second version of the NN, excluding the weak CO2 band from the input. This new version has a different behaviour as it does retrieve XCO2 enhancements downwind of emission hotspots, i.e. a feature that is not in the training dataset. The comparison against the reference Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and the surface-air-sample-driven inversion of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) remains very good, as in the first version of the NN. In addition, the difference with the CAMS model (also called innovation in a data assimilation context) for NASA Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space (ACOS) and the NN estimates are significantly correlated. These results confirm the potential of the NN approach for an operational processing of satellite observations aiming at the monitoring of CO2 concentrations and fluxes.
Evolution of mean ocean temperature in Marine Isotope Stage 4
Authors: Shackleton Sarah , Menking James A. , Brook Edward , Buizert Christo , Dyonisius Michael N. , Petrenko Vasilii V. , Baggenstos Daniel , Severinghaus Jeffrey P.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Deglaciations are characterized by relatively fast and
near-synchronous changes in ice sheet volume, ocean temperature, and
atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, but glacial inception occurs more
gradually. Understanding the evolution of ice sheet, ocean, and atmosphere
conditions from interglacial to glacial maximum provides insight into the
interplay of these components of the climate system. Using noble gas
measurements in ancient ice samples, we reconstruct mean ocean temperature
(MOT) from 74 to 59.7 ka, covering the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5a–4
boundary, MIS 4, and part of the MIS 4–3 transition. Comparing this MOT
reconstruction to previously published MOT reconstructions from the last and
penultimate deglaciation, we find that the majority of the last
interglacial–glacial ocean cooling must have occurred within MIS 5. MOT
reached equally cold conditions in MIS 4 as in MIS 2 (−2.7 ± 0.3 ∘C relative to the Holocene, −0.1 ± 0.3 ∘C
relative to MIS 2). Using a carbon cycle model to quantify the CO2 solubility pump, we show that ocean cooling can explain most of the
CO2 drawdown (32 ± 4 of 40 ppm) across MIS 5. Comparing MOT to
contemporaneous records of benthic δ18O, we find that ocean cooling
can also explain the majority of the δ18O increase across MIS 5 (0.7 ‰
of 1.3 ‰). The timing of ocean warming and cooling in
the record and the comparison to coeval Antarctic isotope data suggest an
intimate link between ocean heat content, Southern Hemisphere high-latitude climate,
and ocean circulation on orbital and millennial timescales.
Collection and analysis of a global marine phytoplankton primary-production dataset
Authors: Mattei Francesco , Scardi Michele
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Phytoplankton primary production is a key oceanographic
process. It has relationships with marine-food-web dynamics, the global carbon cycle and Earth's climate. The study of phytoplankton production
on a global scale relies on indirect approaches due to the difficulties of field campaigns. Modeling approaches require in situ data for calibration and
validation. In fact, the need for more phytoplankton primary-production data was highlighted several times during the last decades. Most of the available primary-production datasets are scattered in various
repositories, reporting heterogeneous information and missing records. We
decided to retrieve field measurements of marine phytoplankton production
from several sources and create a homogeneous and ready-to-use dataset. We
handled missing data and added variables related to primary production which
were not present in the original datasets. Subsequently, we performed a
general analysis highlighting the relationships between the variables
from a numerical and an ecological perspective. Data paucity is one of the main issues hindering the comprehension of
complex natural processes. We believe that an updated and improved global
dataset, complemented by an analysis of its characteristics, can be of
interest to anyone studying marine phytoplankton production and the
processes related to it. The dataset described in this work is published in
the PANGAEA repository (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.932417) (Mattei and Scardi, 2021).
Socio-meteorology: flood prediction, social preparedness, and cry wolf effects
Authors: Sawada Yohei , Kanai Rin , Kotani Hitomu
Published: October 2021

Abstract. To improve the efficiency of flood early warning systems (FEWS), it is important to understand the interactions between natural and social systems. The high level of trust in authorities and experts is necessary to improve the likeliness of individuals to take preparedness actions responding to warnings. Despite a lot of efforts to develop the dynamic model of human and water in socio-hydrology, no socio-hydrological models explicitly simulate social collective trust in FEWS. Here we develop the stylized model to simulate the interactions of flood, social collective memory, social collective trust in FEWS, and preparedness actions responding to warnings by extending the existing socio-hydrological model. We realistically simulate the cry wolf effect, in which many false alarms undermine the credibility of the early warning systems and make it difficult to induce preparedness actions. We found (1) considering the dynamics of social collective trust in FEWS is more important in the technological society with infrequent flood events than in the green society with frequent flood events; (2) as the natural scientific skill to predict flood events is improved, the efficiency of FEWS gets more sensitive to the behavior of social collective trust, so that forecasters need to determine their warning threshold by considering the social aspects.
Exploring the combined use of SMAP and Sentinel-1 data for downscaling soil moisture beyond the 1 km scale
Authors: Meyer Rena , Zhang Wenmin , Kragh Søren Julsgaard , Andreasen Mie , Jensen Karsten Høgh , Fensholt Rasmus , Stisen Simon , Looms Majken C.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Soil moisture estimates at high spatial and temporal resolution are of great value for optimizing water and agricultural management. To fill the gap between local ground observations and coarse spatial resolution remote sensing products we use SMAP and Sentinel-1 data together with a unique dataset of ground based soil moisture estimates by cosmic ray neutron sensors (CRNS) and capacitance probes to test the possibility of downscaling soil moisture to the sub-kilometre resolution. For a study area with diverse land use in Denmark we first show that SMAP soil moisture and Sentinel-1 backscatter time series correlate well with in situ observations of CRNS. Sentinel-1 backscatter in VV and VH polarization both show a strong correlation with CRNS soil moisture at higher spatial resolutions (20 m–400 m) and exhibit distinct and meaningful signals at different land cover types. At a first glance satisfying statistical correlations with CRNS soil moisture time series and capacitance probes are obtained using the SMAP Sentinel-1 downscaling algorithm. However, the spatial distribution of soil moisture pattern is inconclusive. Accounting for different land use in the downscaling algorithm improved the spatial distribution slightly. However, the investigated downscaling algorithm cannot fully account for the vegetation dependency at sub-kilometre resolution. The study implies that further research is needed in the modification of the downscaling algorithm to produce representative soil moisture pattern at fine scale, however backscatter signals appear informative.
Contrasting dynamics of hydrological processes in the Volta River basin under global warming
Authors: Dembélé Moctar , Vrac Mathieu , Ceperley Natalie , Zwart Sander J. , Larsen Josh , Dadson Simon J. , Mariéthoz Grégoire , Schaefli Bettina
Published: October 2021

Abstract. A comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of climate change on water resources of the West Africa Volta River basin is conducted in this study, as the region is expected to be hardest hit by global warming. A large ensemble of twelve general circulation models (GCM) from CMIP5 that are dynamically downscaled by five regional climate models (RCM) from CORDEX-Africa is used. In total, 43 RCM-GCM combinations are considered under three representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The reliability of each of the climate datasets is first evaluated with satellite and reanalysis reference datasets. Subsequently, the Rank Resampling for Distributions and Dependences (R2D2) multivariate bias correction method is applied to the climate datasets. The corrected simulations are then used as input to the fully distributed mesoscale Hydrologic Model (mHM) for hydrological projections over the twenty-first century (1991–2100). Results reveal contrasting changes in the seasonality of rainfall depending on the selected greenhouse gas emission scenarios and the future projection periods. Although air temperature and potential evaporation increase under all RCPs, an increase in the magnitude of all hydrological variables (actual evaporation, total runoff, groundwater recharge, soil moisture and terrestrial water storage) is only projected under RCP8.5. High and low flow analysis suggests an increased flood risk under RCP8.5, particularly in the Black Volta, while hydrological droughts would be recurrent under RCP2.6 and RCP4.5, particularly in the White Volta. Disparities are observed in the spatial patterns of hydroclimatic variables across climatic zones, with higher warming in the Sahelian zone. Therefore, climate change would have severe implications for future water availability with concerns for rain-fed agriculture, thereby weakening the water-energy-food security nexus and amplifying the vulnerability of the local population. The variability between climate models highlights uncertainties in the projections and indicates a need to better represent complex climate features in regional models. These findings could serve as a guideline for both the scientific community to improve climate change projections and for decision makers to elaborate adaptation and mitigation strategies to cope with the consequences of climate change and strengthen regional socio-economic development.
A statistical definition of the Antarctic marginal ice zone
Authors: Vichi Marcello
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The marginal ice zone (MIZ) is a transitional region between the open ocean and pack ice. This region is circumpolar in the Antarctic, with different sea ice types depending on the season and the sector of the Southern Ocean. The MIZ extent have traditionally been inferred from satellite-derived sea-ice concentration (SIC, one of the essential climate variables), using the 15–80 % range as indicative of sea ice with MIZ characteristics. This proxy has been proven effective in the Arctic, where there is a good correspondence between sea-ice type and sea-ice cover. It is less reliable in the Southern Ocean, where sea-ice type is less linked to the concentration value, since wave penetration and free drift conditions have been reported with 100 % cover. I propose an alternative definition of the MIZ that is based on statistical properties of the SIC and its spatial and temporal variability. The indicator is derived from the standard deviation of daily SIC anomalies, which is often employed in the climate sciences. The use of a monthly climatological mean as the baseline allows to capture changes due to both the seasonal advancement/retreat and the local weather-driven variability typical of less consolidated sea-ice conditions. This method has been tested on the available climate data records to derive maps of the MIZ distribution over the year. It reconciles the discordant seasonal extent estimates using the SIC threshold, which is now independent of the used algorithm. This indicator also allows to derive the climatological probability of exceeding a certain threshold of SIC variability, which can be used for ship navigation, design of observational networks and for testing the skills of sea-ice models in forecasting or climate mode.