bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI PENCARIAN MASJID TERDEKAT DI WILAYAH JAKARTA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA DIJIKSTRA BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Riama Sibarani  , Adhit Dede Paridudin
Published: April 2023

Permasalahan yang sering dihadapi bagi orang-orang pendatang ataupun yang singgah untuk melakukan sholat berjamaah di masjid adalah ketidaktahuannya dimana masjid-masjid terdekat yang ada di sekitar. Menurut data dari kementrian agama republik indonesia khusus nya di wilayah jakarta barat tercatat ada 576 masjid di wilayah tersebut, dengan banyaknya masjid tersebut peneliti menerapkan suatu aplikasi berbasis andorid, dimana nanti pengguna dapat menggunakannya untuk mencari rute-rute masjid terdekat di sekitar pengguna
ANALISIS PERSEPSI PENGGUNA SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK UNIVERSITAS SATYA NEGARA INDONESIA DENGAN TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL ( TAM)
Authors: Riama  Sibarani
Published: April 2023

Pengadopsian dan pengembangan sistem informasi merupakan investasi yang mahal. Meskipun demikian, investasi yang mahal belum tentu mendapatkan sistem yang berkualitas dan sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan oleh organisasi. Keberhasilan implementasi sistem dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor yang komplek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Variabel-variabel apa saja yang mempengaruhi penerimaan user terhadap SIAKAD USNI dan menguji faktorfaktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat penerimaan SIAKAD USNI di lingkungan civitas akademik USNI sebagai pengguna internal. Model yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat penerimaan SIAKAD USNI adalah Usability dan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Adapun variabel atau konstruk yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibatasi hanya pada tiga konstruk utama pada TAM, yaitu persepsi pengguna terhadap kemudahan (perceived ease of use), persepsi pengguna terhadap kegunaa/manfaat (perceived usefulness), dan sikap pengguna terhadap penggunaan (attitude toward using). Sedangkan variabel Usability menggunakan tujuh kriteria, yaitu accessibility, customization & personalization, Download Speed, Ease of Use, error, navigation dan site content.
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL (SEM) FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KEPUASAN DAN LOYALITAS MAHASISWA
Authors: Riama Sibarani
Published: April 2023

This researchs aims to examined and analyzed the direct effect of image, university, lecturer competence and service quality toward satisfaction and loyalty student. This study also examines and analyzes the indirect effect of the image of the college, lecturer competence, and service quality on student satisfaction and student loyalty as a mediating variable. The sample in this research were USNI students using simple randomsampling and purposive sampling methods. The sample criteria are students who have studied at least 4 (four) semesters. The variables analyzed are College Image, Lecturer Competence and Service Quality, satisfaction and loyalty. The methods and analysis tools are SEM and Path Analysis.
ANALISA RISIKO KECELAKAAN KERJA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE FMEA (FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS)
Authors: Fari Fatullah
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the study was to analyze the risk of work accidents using the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method at the Bukit Tua ORF project at PT Raga Perkasa Ekaguna, Madura in 2018. The study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed the ranking of severity scale, failure mode with the highest scale with a value of 10 is the object falling on the lifting by crane activity and on the type of accident the collapsing excavation wall fell upon workers on the activity. The smallest severity scale of failure mode is exposed to UV rays for a long time with a scale of 2. The occurance scale, the highest cause of failure mode is a sling or broken steel rope with a value of 7 in lifting by crane activities. As for the occurance scale, the lowest cause of failure mode is the distance between workers too close to the value of 1 on the activities of road, drainage, foundation. The highest scale of detection, cause of failure mode is to ensure the condition of the equipment before work begins with a value of 7 in lifting by crane activities. The lowest detection scale is the distance between workers too close to the value 1. The highest RPN calculation result is the lifting by crane activity that causes the object to fall, with an RPN value of 490. Improvement of Fishbone diagram results, to humans or workers by providing training on hazards caused by lifting by crane activities, the chief coordinator or supervisor is expected to always supervise the performance of his subordinates. Machines, by conducting routine checks on each of the tools used in crane lifting activities. Regular company checks can schedule regular repairs to these tools. The method, by making SOPs and lifting plans correctly that is by using the right calculations, can be done by coming directly to the work area and doing simulations using cranes that will be used as well as seeing the material to be raised in this activity. So that the data obtained to make SOP and or lifting plan are accurate so that it gets a precise calculation. Environment, by installing barriers or prohibited signs to pass, so that no unauthorized person enters the area during the appointment. Check the condition of the soil so that it remains stable in the lifting area by the crane.
"FEMINIST RHETORIC IN BARACK OBAMA AND HILLARY CLINTON’S DISCOURSE "
Authors:   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Voina Andreea Nicoleta , Țîrlea Ada Maria ,   Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca
Published: April 2023

November 8, 2016, marked the beginning of a new era in the American political setting. The Obama era was known as a period of great opening, minority friendly approach and liberal vision. Of the two candidates that were running for office in 2016, Hillary Clinton seemed to have the most similar approach to the now former president of the USA, Barack Obama; Clinton was framed as the de facto carrier and enforcer of Obama’s legacy. Feminist approaches are not gender determined; Obama himself has made a mark as a feminist leader. Clinton ran for the highest office as a pioneer of women’s representation in politics. The aim of this paper is to discover the similarities between Obama’s discursive style and Hillary’s approach. Through critical discourse analysis, we launch this research in order to emphasize gender negotiations, in terms of both content and style.
DIE UNSICHERHEITSVERMEIDUNG IN DER DEUTSCHEN UND IN DER RUMÄNISCHEN WERBUNG
Authors:   West University of Timișoara, Lavrits Patrick
Published: April 2023

Die Dimension der Unsicherheitsvermeidung ist ein Ausdruck für die Toleranz bzw. Akzeptanz von allgemein bestehe nder Unsicherheit. Sie bringt zum Ausdruck, in welchem Maße Regelungen und Sicherheitsvorkehrungen erwünscht sind. Im Falle einer hohen Ausprägung der Unsicherheitsvermeidung werden genaue Regelungen und strikte Verhaltensvorgaben gefordert, um Unsicherhei ten zu vermeiden. Hingegen ist eine niedrige Unsicherheitsvermeidung Zeichen für Akzeptanz von mehr Unsicherheit in unbekannten Situationen. Wenn die Gesellschaft in Bezug auf Ungewisses und Unbekanntes tolerant ist, dann bestehen wenige explizite Regeln u nd Richtlinien. Die Unsicherheitsvermeidung kann auch an der Ausführung der Werbung, der Interaktionen zwischen den Personen und der Art der dargestellten Personen erkannt werden, wie auch an der Art und Weise der Übermittlung der Botschaft und der Beeinflu ssung und Erreichung der Zielgruppe in den unterschiedlichen Kulturen.
Divergent ko‘rinishdagi biologik populyatsiya sistemalarining avtomodel yechimlari asimptotikasi
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, R D j a b b a r o v   O , R Z a r i p o v a   A , U S o d i q o v a   U
Published: April 2023

Ushbu maqolada chiziqsiz ajratish usuli yordamida chiziqsiz biologik populyatsiya masalalarining turli avtomodel yechimlar asimptotikalarining bosh hadlari olingan. Bu asimptotikalar nochiziqli masalani sonli yechganda muhim hisoblangan boshlang’ich yaqinlashish sifatida foydalaniladi.Ushbu maqolada chiziqsiz ajratish usuli yordamida chiziqsiz biologik populyatsiya masalalarining turli avtomodel yechimlar asimptotikalarining bosh hadlari olingan. Bu asimptotikalar nochiziqli masalani sonli yechganda muhim hisoblangan boshlang’ich yaqinlashish sifatida foydalaniladi.
OBTAINING SEMICONDUCTOR CdS, CdSe AND CdSe/ZnS CORE/SHELL NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR COMPOSITES WITH POLYMERS
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, F I s h a n k u l o v   A , R T u r s u n o v a   N , R E r g a s h e v a   D , F K h a l i l o v   K , G G a l y a m e t d i n o v   Y u , K M u k h a m a d i e v   N
Published: April 2023

In this work, high-performance CdS, CdSe and CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals with good luminescence were colloidally synthesized at high temperature and incorporated into micrometer-sized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spheres formed by suspension polymerization reaction. CdS, CdSe and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots obtained by the colloid method were stabilized with oleic acid and their optical properties were studied. It was observed that the intensity peaks of quantum dots did not change after modification to PMMA polymer.
Microscopic and macroscopic flow models of traffic management
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, M Nazarov F , Sh Eshtemirov B , Sh Saydullayev Q
Published: April 2023

Today, the issue of video data processing is very urgent. For example, determining the purpose of human behavior, analyzing economic networks, identifying and eliminating traffic jams on the streets, etc. Nowadays, the increase in the number of vehicles moving on the roads creates traffic jams on the city streets. This makes it urgent to eliminate traffic jams, especially in tourist cities. First of all, the causes of traffic congestion should be identified, traffic congestion can have various causes, such as insufficient capacity, unrestricted demand, traffic light delays, pedestrians crossing the roads at the wrong place , wrong location of sidewalks and etc. Therefore, there is a need to simulate and optimize traffic control to better meet this growing demand. In this research paper, microscopic and macroscopic traffic flow models are reviewed and their properties are discussed to determine which one is suitable for use in this study.
Uch o`lchovli fazoda Laplas maydoni uchun Karleman formulasi
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, J o l g ` o s h M a r d o n o v
Published: April 2023

Ushbu maqolada Laplas maydoni uchun qo`yilgan Koshi masalasi yechimi Karleman formulasi orqali ifodalangan
Isolation, identification and optimization of exopolysaccharide-based bioflocculant synthesis by soil bacteria Bacillus atrophaeus NR-12
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, D i l n o z a A m r i d d i n o v a , R u s t a m o v a N i g o r a
Published: April 2023

Bioflocculants are polysaccharide-based, biodegradable macromolecules synthesized by soil microorganisms. A bacterium prodicing an extracellular bioflocculant wasisolated from the salty and dry soil and identified as Bacillus atrophaeus. Effects of culture conditions including carbon sources, nitrogen sources, pH, shaker speed on bioflocculant production were studied. Isolate comparative analysis of 16S rRNA sequence identified the isolate to have 99% similarity to Bacillus atrophaeus and it was deposited in the GenBank as Bacillus atrophaeus NR- 2 with accession number OP679007. The strain was characterized by ability to grow and synthesize the bioflocculant in alkaline conditions – pH 11. It was supposed that the strain can overcome adverse effects of environment – alkalinity and salinity by enhanced production of bioflocculant in stress. In the optimized medium (sucrose and tryptone used as C/N sources) the strain produced 4.76 mL bioflocculant.
PEDAGOGIK KADRLAR MALAKASINI OSHIRISH UCHUN MOSLASHUVCHAN ELEKTRON TAʼLIM TIZIMINI MODELLASHTIRISH
Authors:   Samarqand davlat universiteti, S Djuraev A , E Obidov A
Published: April 2023

Mazkur maqolada Pedagogik kadrlar malakasini oshirish uchun moslashuvchan elektron taʼlim tizimini modellashtirish tavsifi berilgan. Аxborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalarining faol rivojlanishi jahon taʼlim tizimiga katta taʼsir koʼrsatmoqda. Аnʼanaviy taʼlim texnologiyalari faol rivojlanayotgan elektron taʼlim bilan almashtirilmoqda.
IOT Based Smart Cart System
Authors: B Amsalakshmi , G N Jeevikaa Shri , M Sindhiya , Manikandan Dr. R. P.S
Published: April 2023

The use of trolleys in the shopping industry has always been very popular, especially among customers who frequently stop by the mall or supermarket to shop for their necessities. People need trolleys to make it easier for them to carry their groceries and other luggage. There are various types of trolleys according to their respective uses. Still, the trolleys in the shopping industry commonly used today can only help users carry goods from one place to another. However, this traditional type of trolley is still lacking in being a perfect fit in the shopping industry. It does not help reduce the crowds and the enormous queue in terms of inconvenience. In metro cities purchasing and shopping at super shops, big malls is a daily activity. At the billing counter the customer will prepare the bill using bar code reader which is a time-consuming process and will creates the long queues at billing counters. By implementing this smart machine, it will minimize human efforts and also automate the billing procedure. So, in our prototype we are using RFID technology for identification of the purchased product and it reduces the scanning time of the consumer. Key Word: Customers, Billing, Time Consuming, Smart Machine, Scanning Time.
Impact of Emotional Intelligence and Employee Turnover on Leadership Effectiveness in the Banking Sector
Authors: Iqbal Sobia , Khan Kamran , Gul Raazia
Published: April 2023

Expressive leadership is fundamental to intellect performance. They’re the most important part of anorganization’s success or failure. This study shows the relationship between Leadership Effectivenessas demonstrated by individuals in the work position with a primary objective to study and investigate therelationship between Emotional Intelligence (Self-Awareness, Self-Driven Motivation, IntellectualStimulation, and Interpersonal Skills) and Employee Turnover in the Banking Sector of Pakistan. Asample of 166 spearheads was collected through the questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale tomeasure the data. The PLS smart has been used to analyze the data. The results of the study showedthat Emotional Intelligence factors and Employee Turnover have an affirmative and constructiverelationship with Leadership Effectiveness.
Tiềm năng ức chế sự lây truyền vi-rút SARS-CoV-2 qua đường miệng của keo ong
Authors: Huỳnh Tố Trâm , Đặng Thị Thắm , Trần Thị Phương Thảo
Published: April 2023

Thế giới đang nỗ lực nghiên cứu và phát triển các biện pháp để đối phó với đại dịch toàn cầu nghiêm trọng COVID-19 do vi-rút Corona SARS-CoV-2 gây ra. Mặc dù phần lớn sự chú ý đang tập trung vào trục lây nhiễm mũi - phổi, SARS-CoV-2 cũng có thể lây truyền qua xoang miệng. Men chuyển angiotensin 2 (ACE2) hiện diện trong tế bào và mô miệng có thể là cửa ngõ xâm nhập của SARS-CoV-2. Keo ong (hỗn hợp nhựa tự nhiên do ong mật sản xuất) có thể ức chế sự liên kết giữa ACE2 với vi-rút. Keo ong còn cho thấy tác động có lợi ở bệnh nhân COVID-19. Do đó, sử dụng keo ong để phòng ngừa lây nhiễm qua xoang miệng có thể là một biện pháp bổ sung giúp ngăn chặn sự lây truyền SARS-CoV-2 và góp phần chống lại đại dịch COVID-19.
Developing indicators for monitoring and evaluating the primary healthcare approach in health sciences education at the University of Cape Town, South Africa, using a Delphi technique
Authors: Datay M I , Irlam J , Singh S , Walters F , Namane M
Published: April 2023

Background. The Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), University of Cape Town (UCT) adopted the primary healthcare (PHC) approach as its lead theme for teaching, research and clinical service in 1994. A PHC working group was set up in 2017 to build consensus on indicators to monitor and evaluate the PHC approach in health sciences education in the FHS, UCT.Objective. To develop a set of indicators through a Delphi technique for monitoring and evaluating the PHC approach in health sciences curricula in the FHS, UCT.
Methods. A national multidisciplinary Delphi panel was presented with 61 indicators of social accountability from the international Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet) for scoring in round 1. Nineteen PHC indicators, derived from a mnemonic used in the FHS, UCT for teaching core PHC principles, were added in round 2 to the 20 highest ranked THEnet indicators from round 1, on recommendation of the panel. Scoring criteria used were relevance (in both rounds), feasibility/measurability (round 1 only) and application of the PHC indicators to undergraduate and postgraduate teaching and assessment (round 2 only).
Results. Of the 39 indicators presented in the second round, 11 had an overall relevance score >85% based on the responses of 16 of 20 panellists (80% response rate). These 11 indicators have been grouped by learner needs (safety of learners – 88%, teaching is appropriate to learners’ needs and context – 86%); healthcare user needs (continuity of care – 94%, holistic understanding of healthcare – 88%, respecting human rights – 88%, providing accessible care to all – 88%, providing care that is acceptable to users and their families – 87%, providing evidence-based care – 87%); and community needs (promoting health through health education – 88%, education programme reflects communities’ needs – 86%, teaching embodies social accountability – 86%).
Conclusion. The selected indicators reflect priorities relevant to the FHS, UCT and are measurable and applicable to undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. They provided the basis for a case study of teaching the PHC approach to our undergraduate students.
Early online
Authors: Dangor Ziyaad , Lala Sanjay , Verwey Charl , Reubenson Gary , White Debbie , Moore David , Jeena Prakash , Masekela Refileo , Zar Heather
Published: April 2023

Bronchiolitis, a common reason for infant hospitalisation in South Africa (SA), is caused by viral pathogens. Bronchiolitis is typically an illness of mild to moderate severity that occurs in well-nourished children. Hospitalised SA infants frequently have severe disease and/or coexisting medical conditions, and these cases of bronchiolitis may have bacterial co-infection that requires antibiotic therapy. However, the existence of widespread antimicrobial resistance in SA warrants the judicious use of antibiotics. This commentary describes: (i) common clinical pitfalls leading to an incorrect diagnosis of bronchopneumonia; and (ii) considerations for antibiotic therapy in hospitalised infants with bronchiolitis. If antibiotics are prescribed, the indication for their use should be clearly stated, and antibiotic therapy must be stopped promptly if investigations indicate that bacterial co-infection is unlikely. Until more robust data emerge, we recommend a pragmatic management strategy to inform antibiotic use in hospitalised SA infants with bronchiolitis in whom bacterial co-infection is suspected.
Relativistic spin transport theory for spin-1/2 fermions
Authors: Gao Jian-Hua , Sheng Xin-Li , Wang Qun , Zhuang Peng-Fei ,   Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, School of Space Science and Physics, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China,   INFN-Firenze, Via Giovanni Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI, Italy,   Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Published: April 2023

Global polarization effect is an important physical phenomenon reflecting spin-orbit couplings in heavy ion collisions. Since STAR’s observation of the global polarization of \begin{document}$\Lambda$\end{document} hyperons in Au+Au collisions in 2017, this effect has attracted a lot of interests in the field. In the hot and dense matter produced in heavy ion collisions, the spin-orbit couplings come from non-local collisions between particles, in which the orbital angular momentum involves the space and momentum information of the colliding particles, so it is necessary to describe the particle collisions with spin-orbit couplings in phase space. In addition, the spin-orbit coupling is a quantum effect, which requires quantum theory. In combination of two aspects, the quantum kinetic theory based on covariant Wigner functions has become a powerful tool to describe the global polarization effect. In this paper, we introduce the quantum kinetic theory for spin-1/2 Fermion system based on Wigner functions as well as the spin transport theory developed on this basis. The recent research progress of spin transport theory provides a solid theoretical foundation for simulating the space-time evolution of spin polarization effects in heavy ion collisions.
Opinión de los consumidores de carne con relación al uso de antibióticos y sacrificio de animales en la producción porcina
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Estay Espinoza Tamara
Published: April 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la opinión de los consumidores de carne hacia la solución más adecuada para los cerdos enfermos, su apoyo al tratamiento con antibióticos para animales enfermos con diferentes probabilidades de recuperación después del tratamiento y del conocimiento sobre el uso de antibióticos en su opinión. El estudio fue realizado en Chile, y consistió en aplicar una encuesta a 1827 participantes, utilizando un cuestionario presencial o un cuestionario en línea. La mayoría de los participantes consideró que la solución más adecuada para cerdos enfermos era llevarlos a corrales hospitales y usar antibióticos para que mejoren, lo cual se relacionó con el bajo nivel de conocimiento de los encuestados sobre el uso de antibióticos. Además, a medida que los animales tenían mayor probabilidad de recuperarse, los consumidores prefirieron el uso de antibióticos. No obstante, la mayoría de los encuestados desaprobó en consumo de animales alojados en corrales hospitales probablemente debido a la preocupación de las personas por la seguridad alimentaria al momento de comprar productos cárnicos. Las personas que estaban involucradas en la producción animal se mostraron más a favor del uso de antibióticos en cerdos enfermos y en la aprobación del consumo de partes sanas de estos animales. Los resultados obtenidos por la preferencia de los participantes a realizar todos los esfuerzos para recuperar los cerdos insalubres, incluida la aplicación de antibióticos, pero no usarlos para la producción de alimentos, indica una desconexión entre las expectativas de los consumidores y las prácticas de la industria.
Efecto de la vegetación y condiciones hídricas en la regeneración de especies leñosas de la región de clima tipo mediterráneo de Chile central
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Araneda Sanhueza Francisca
Published: April 2023

La regeneración de plantas leñosas es crítica para procesos de sucesión y recuperación de la vegetación después de perturbaciones antrópicas. Los ecosistemas mediterráneos presentan importantes sequías estivales, alta variabilidad espacial e interanual de las precipitaciones y de la humedad de los hábitats, y han sido afectados por fuertes perturbaciones antrópicas históricamente, generando una estructura parchosa de la vegetación. En esta tesis se evaluó el efecto del nivel de precipitación anual, condiciones de humedad producidas por la posición topográfica (ladera vs fondos de quebrada) y tipo de parche de vegetación (bosque, espinal, matorral y sitio abierto), en la abundancia y riqueza de especies leñosas de la regeneración en la zona central de Chile. El estudio incluyó 20 localidades distribuidas en un gradiente latitudinal (32-36 °S). En cada localidad se evaluó una posición topográfica de ladera de exposición sur y un fondo de quebrada aledaño a un curso de agua temporal o permanente. En cada localidad y posición topográfica se muestrearon entre 15 y 20 plots de 1 m2 en cada tipo de parche de vegetación. Las localidades fueron clasificadas en 3 clases de nivel de precipitación anual media (xérica, intermedia y mésica). En cada plot se registró todos los individuos < 1m diferenciando dos clases de altura (<0,5 m y 0,5-1 m) de especies leñosas para luego calcular la abundancia total y riqueza de especies de cada clase de regeneración. Los resultados indican que la regeneración natural de menor tamaño se incrementa hacia parches de mayor cobertura vegetacional, es mayor en condiciones de fondos de quebrada y en localidades de mayor precipitación, al menos en los parches de vegetación con presencia de cobertura leñosa. La regeneración de mayor tamaño presenta un patrón relativamente similar, aunque se reducen las diferencias entre posiciones topográficas y tipos de parche de vegetación. Sin embargo, la regeneración más avanzada mostró una fuerte reducción en abundancia y riqueza en comparación a la clase de menor tamaño. Los resultados sugieren que la regeneración es facilitada por la cobertura leñosa adulta, y se incrementa hacia condiciones de mayor humedad abiótica. Sin embargo, la extremadamente baja regeneración avanzada sugiere que algunas especies pueden estar sufriendo procesos de extinción local debido a la reducción de las precipitaciones en la última década, y que actualmente existe un nulo o escaso avance sucesional en sitios abiertos de laderas y fondos de quebrada respectivamente. Por ello, los sitios abiertos, especialmente en hábitats de ladera, representan la principal condición de hábitat que requiere medidas de restauración en este tipo de ecosistema semiárido.
Habilitando el paisaje antártico : infrastructura de control para el cuidado del ecotono costero de Isla Ardley
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Arquitectura, Debarbieri Domenica
Published: April 2023

En Antártica existen diversos asentamientos humanos, los cuales debido a la lejanía dependen de una red de transporte mayor, es decir a la necesidad de otros continentes para suministros. De tal manera las dinámicas naturales, en otras palabras la biodiversidad, están en permanente contacto con las dinámicas antrópicas asociadas al turismo, la ciencia y la red logística de transporte, lo cual genera una tensión que aumenta constantemente (Lynch, Crosbie, Fagan & Naveen, 2016). Desde aquí se identifican las bahías costeras como epicentros de biodiversidad y de actividad antrópica, reconociendo Bahía Fildes como uno de los lugares de la Península Antártica donde la tensión entre lo antrópico y lo natural es comparativamente alta, por ser la puerta de acceso principal desde Sudamérica y su desarrollo como núcleo de actividad logística. A su vez en paralelo representa una de las mayores áreas descubiertas de hielo en el continente, donde se manifiesta un complejo y frágil ecosistema emergente del deshielo, el cual se ha visto amenazado por la constante actividad humana (Peter, Braun, Janowski, Nordt, Nordt & Stelter, 2013). Dicho esto, tanto la ciencia como el turismo generan beneficios a nivel global, sin embargo estas actividades al no estar bien reguladas generan un impacto en el medio y amenazan su condición natural. De tal manera, esta investigación busca explorar formas de proyectar en Antártica, en las que ciencia y turismo congenien con el paisaje de manera articulada y controlada, con el fin de fomentar los beneficios que estas actividades generan cuando son gestionadas adecuadamente y minimizar su impacto directo en el ecosistema. Por ende el proyecto se emplaza en la costa de Isla Ardley, un territorio rico en lo cultural y ecológico vecino a Fildes, viéndose afectado por la dinámica antrópica de la bahía además de la actividad científica y turística desarrollada en su territorio. Desde los principios del diseño resiliente y el desarrollo sostenible, se plantea una infraestructura de control capaz de mediar y articular de mejor manera la relación entre la ciencia y el turismo con el ecotono costero, con el fin de minimizar el impacto que estas actividades generan actualmente. Con la infraestructura se habilitará el territorio evitando degradarlo, a través de un recorrido dinámico que al establecer un itinerario, permite a los visitantes experimentar los atributos paisajísticos del lugar, sin tocar el suelo y erosionar el medio. Finalmente, con la intensión de generar un vínculo mayor entre el humano y el paisaje, se incorpora un centro de interpretación ligado al turismo educativo, con el objetivo de conservar el medio desde la conciencia medioambiental.
Characterization of the dwarf galaxy population in the Centaurus A environment
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Astrofísica, Ribbeck Valenzuela Karen X.
Published: April 2023

We report photometric properties of the dwarf galaxy population in the Centaurus A group, along with 51 new dwarf candidates based on the optical u’g’r’i’z’ imaging of 22 deg^2 centered on the nearby giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 as part of The Survey of Centaurus A’s Baryonic Structures (SCABS) program. Morphological analysis of the new candidates shows surface brightness profiles are well represented by a single component Sérsic models with an average Sérsic index of  = 0.85 ± 0.05. The candidates present luminosities of -12 ≤ Mv ≤ -7 mag, corresponding to stellar masses of 7.5 ≥ log M/M☉ ≥ 4.5, which extend the size-luminosity relation toward fainter luminosities and smaller sizes for known dwarf galaxies outside the Local Group (LG), and are consistent with properties of nearby dwarf spheroidal galaxies. I will discuss the stellar population properties of the newly discovered galaxy sample and compare their properties to other dwarf galaxy samples in the nearby Universe.
Evolution of the Galaxy Cluster Red Sequence from Redshift 0.2 to 1.5
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Astrofísica, Gutiérrez Hernández Lorena
Published: April 2023

In this thesis, we present a study of the population of early-type galaxies in 115 clusters at 0.2 < z < 1.5, imaged with the F200LP/UVIS and F110W/IR filters of the Wide Field Camera 3 on the Hubble Space Telescope. We aim to investigate the evolution of the red sequence parameters (zero-point, slope, and intrinsic scatter) in the color-magnitude plane to constrain its members’ history and epoch of star formation. To accomplish this, we carefully selected the galaxies belonging to the red sequence, dismissing all contamination from the background and late-type galaxies into the clusters. Then, we used a robust linear fitting method to obtain the red sequence parameters in the rest frame. Finally, we compared the evolution of the zero-point with that of the color in stellar population synthesis models with different metallicity, formation red-shift, and e-folding time. We find that, as the redshift increases, the zero-point moves towards blue, the slope becomes steeper, and the observed scatter increases. On the other hand, the mean color of the clusters evolves slowly and is highly similar in systems at the same redshift, located in random directions in the universe. Therefore, the change of the zero-point is in agreement with the passive evolution of early galaxies in the present cosmological scenario. At the same time, we attribute the slope evolution to archaeological downsizing in conjunction with the progressive build-up of the red sequence. Finally, we constrain the epoch and period of stellar population formation to a strip diagonally crossing the τ - zf plane.
Treatment externalities and community-driven development : evidence from Nicaragua
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía, Díaz Díaz Ela Koritza
Published: April 2023

Do social interactions with neighbors have an impact on participation in cooperative organizations? Using data from a representative sample of beneficiaries from a community-driven development program in Nicaragua, I exploit exposure to a random variation in the number of neighbors assigned to treatment from a field experiment to measure the impact of interactions. I also introduce a binary choice model with social interactions. The model predicts that ones' participation can be complementary or substitute from their neighbors. My results are congruent with strategic substitution. One more neighbor assigned to treatment within a 500-meter distance reduces participation in productive and community organizations by 2.34 and 0.8 percentage points, respectively. These results do not seem to be driven by anticipatory effects in the control group. Moreover, these impacts are larger for those who borrow their neighbors' inputs and have stronger ties with them.
Cuarentenas y violencia intrafamiliar : evidencia para Chile
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Economía, Fajardo Erices Felipe Stefano
Published: April 2023

Una de cada tres mujeres en el mundo ha experimentado violencia física o sexual durante su vida. La pandemia del COVID-19 y las medidas de confinamiento, que han afectado al 50 por ciento de la población mundial, han intensificado el entorno de riesgo de violencia, particularmente sobre mujeres y niños. Utilizando la variación temporal y territorial en la aplicación de cuarentenas locales en Chile evidenciamos un incremento de 17 por ciento en el número de víctimas de violencia intrafamiliar (VIF) en las comunas expuestas a cuarentena, medido por las víctimas de VIF en procesos de detenciones flagrantes, principalmente asociado con agresiones físicas a mujeres durante los fines de semana en horario no laboral. Adicionalmente, constatamos una disminución del 23 por ciento en las denuncias realizadas por víctimas de VIF en las comunas en cuarentena. El aumento de víctimas en flagrancia de VIF y la disminución de denuncias asociadas a VIF en comunas en cuarentena resulta aun mayor en comunas con problemas de hacinamiento. Esta evidencia resulta consistente con un mayor costo de denuncia que enfrentan las víctimas de VIF bajo medidas de aislamiento forzado en un marco de negociación intrafamiliar: un aumento de las agresiones y una disminución en las denuncias por parte de las víctimas.
Psychosocial stress effects on attentional control mediated by brain oscillatory activity
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Medicina, Palacios García Ismael José
Published: April 2023

La atención es una función cognitiva crucial. Se está reorientando constantemente mediante factores ‘Top-Down’ y ‘Bottom-Up’. Algunos estudios han sugerido que los estados relacionados con el estrés pueden alterar el equilibrio entre dichos factores. Sin embargo, los mecanismos neuronales subyacentes a esos cambios, no han sido bien estudiados hasta la fecha. Aquí exploramos los correlatos neurales del estrés psicosocial y el impacto diferencial de sus componentes fisiológicos y psicológicos sobre una tarea de atención. Cuarenta y dos participantes sanos fueron sometidos a EEG, mientras fueron expuestos a la prueba de estrés social TSST o a un protocolo Control comparable. Inmediatamente antes y después de dichos protocolos los participantes realizaron una tarea de atención. La respuesta al estrés se verificó midiendo los cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca, la concentración de cortisol salival y la puntuación en la escala de ansiedad STAI. Como era esperado, el estrés psicosocial indujo un aumento del cortisol salival, la frecuencia cardíaca y la ansiedad auto-reportada. Los sujetos estresados tuvieron peor precisión en la tarea atencional que los controles. Este efecto se correlacionó directamente con el nivel de ansiedad auto-reportado. La ansiedad también se correlacionó con la frecuencia cardíaca y la respuesta del cortisol salival. Curiosamente, los ensayos correctos en el grupo de control se asociaron con un aumento en la actividad oscilatoria cerebral de tipo gamma (30-65 Hz). Por el contrario, los ensayos correctos del grupo de estrés se correlacionaron con un aumento de la actividad beta (12-30 Hz). La actividad beta se correlacionó positivamente con la ansiedad y negativamente con la precisión atencional, mientras que la banda gamma no se correlacionó con ninguna de las medidas. Finalmente, se reportó un acoplamiento de frecuencia entre la señal cardíaca y la actividad oscilatoria cerebral. En particular, se encontró que los intervalos R de la respuesta cardíaca estaban se acoplaron específicamente con la fase de la actividad cerebral en frecuencias del rango beta beta. Sorprendentemente, el acoplamiento disminuyó después de la inducción del estrés psicosocial. En conjunto, los resultados destacaron: 1) la relevancia de la ansiedad dependiente del estrés para comprender los efectos del estrés social sobre el control atencional. La experiencia subjetiva de la ansiedad es aparentemente más relevante en esta temporalidad que la respuesta fisiológica, que estaría jugando un papel indirecto al afectar la percepción del estado corporal actual, 2) las estrategias cognitivas diferenciales y los mecanismos neurales a través del cual los sujetos estresados pueden lograr la tarea. Tales observaciones podrían tener importantes implicaciones en el diseño de intervenciones terapéuticas para tratar el estrés social y el estrés en general.
Characterization and Evaluation of New Sunflower Genotypes
Authors: Kumar S. Praveen , Singh Lakshman , Dudhe M. Y. , Praveen Shama , Gupta Priyanka , Surendra Thellam
Published: April 2023

The current investigation was planned to characterize the sunflower accessions based on DUS descriptors and to determine the level of genetic variability for sunflower genotypes. Thirty-three sunflower genotypes including checks were morphologically characterized using Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPV& FRA) and other descriptors during rabi2021-22 at the department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the sunflower genotypes, suggesting genotypes had enough variability. Various morphological characters were studies which showed good extent of variation among genotypes. Large variation was recorded for strip colour and for ray floret colour differentiation which can utilize to identify the genotype at seed stage and at flowering stage and may serve as morphological markers to identify the accessions. Genotypes with black colored seedviz., GMU-837, GMU-934, GMU-78, and GMU-55 can be utilized for the development of breeding material and populations. All of the characteristics under study recorded larger phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), which implies that environmental influence was more in their expression. High heritability along with genetic advance was observed for by plant height and days to maturity, which indicates selection of these traits at early generation would be effective.
Effects of Hydrogel on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil
Authors: Patel Kamal Kishor , Shah Ajay Kumar , Latare A. M.
Published: April 2023

This experiment was performed at the Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha (BHU) Mirzapur, as a pot culture study, from November 2018 to March 2019–20. This experiment is a completely randomised design, taking three replications with six treatments, i.e., T1: Control, T2: 5 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T3: 10 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T4: 15 g kg-1 Hydrogel, T5: 20 g kg-1 Hydrogel, and T6: 25 g kg-1 Hydrogel. The soil was incubated with different doses of hydrogel for 120 days. The samples were collected after incubation, processed in a laboratory, and analysed for physical and chemical properties of soil. The results demonstrated that the use of hydrogel had a significant impact on the various soil properties, particularly the water holding capacity and bulk density of the soil. Other soil properties that were significantly influenced were particle density, porosity, electrical conductivity, soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. However, the application of hydrogel did not influence the pH of soil or the organic carbon content of soil. The application of hydrogel at a rate of 25 g kg1 showed the highest values of available N, P, K, and S content in soil as well as the water holding capacity. In some soil properties, the treatment containing 25 g kg-1 hydrogel was found to be statistically equivalent to that containing 20 g kg-1 hydrogel.
Treatment of Eosinophilic Annular Erythema With Benralizumab
Authors: Moro-Bolado Fernando , Martínez-Montalvo Laura , Al-Wattar-Ceballos Omar , Galindo-Bonilla Pedro Ángel , García-Arpa Mónica
Published: April 2023

This case report describes an 83-year-old woman with a generalized pruritic eruption comprising annular and polycyclic plaques on the face, neck, trunk, and extremities with changing appearance.
Integration of Extracellular Matrices into Organ‐on‐Chip Systems
Authors: Kutluk Hazal , Bastounis Effie E. , Constantinou Iordania
Published: April 2023

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex, dynamic network present within all tissues and organs that not only acts as a mechanical support and anchorage point but can also direct fundamental cell behavior, function, and characteristics. Although the importance of the ECM is well established, the integration of well‐controlled ECMs into Organ‐on‐Chip (OoC) platforms remains challenging and the methods to modulate and assess ECM properties on OoCs remain underdeveloped. In this review, current state‐of‐the‐art design and assessment of in vitro ECM environments is discussed with a focus on their integration into OoCs. Among other things, synthetic and natural hydrogels, as well as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) used as substrates, coatings, or cell culture membranes are reviewed in terms of their ability to mimic the native ECM and their accessibility for characterization. The intricate interplay among materials, OoC architecture, and ECM characterization is critically discussed as it significantly complicates the design of ECM‐related studies, comparability between works, and reproducibility that can be achieved across research laboratories. Improving the biomimetic nature of OoCs by integrating properly considered ECMs would contribute to their further adoption as replacements for animal models, and precisely tailored ECM properties would promote the use of OoCs in mechanobiology.
Designing formative assessments to improve anatomy exam performance
Authors: Kingston Amanda K. , Garofalo Evan M. , Cardoza Kristinmae , Fisher Rebecca E.
Published: April 2023

Formative assessments are primarily used as a tool to gauge learning throughout an anatomy course. They have also been demonstrated to improve student mastery and exam performance, although the precise nature of this relationship is poorly understood. In this study, it is hypothesized that formative assessment questions targeting higher cognitive levels, integrating topics from multiple lessons, and including visuospatial elements will increase student exam performance. Formative and summative questions provided to students during the Clinical Anatomy block at the University of Arizona College of Medicine—Phoenix between 2015 and 2018 were assessed for cognitive level, integration of targeted learning objectives, and presence or absence of visuospatial elements. These variables were entered into a hierarchical linear model along with demographic variables for each cohort to assess the relationships between these variables and cohort performance on exam questions. The best predictor of exam performance was the inclusion of constituent learning objectives within the formative assessment. Additionally, students performed better on exam questions with visuospatial elements when the targeted learning objectives were also associated with visuospatial elements on the formative assessment. Surprisingly, the cognitive level of formative questions and the integration of learning objectives within them were not correlated with student exam performance. This study demonstrates the importance of including a broad range of topics in formative assessments and highlights a potential benefit of adopting consistent question formats for formative assessments and exams.
The Future Workforce of the Environmental Laboratory
Authors: Adams Hunter , Morin Erin , Holloway Nicole , Cottrell Ashley , Thames Becky , Gillis Leah , Wangsness Kathryn , Loudon Jennifer , Wright Sarah
Published: April 2023

Key Takeaways

The environmental laboratory workforce is aging out and needs creative solutions to recruit and retain skilled staff to perform physical, microbial, chemical, and radiological tests.

There are immediate needs for chemists to work in radiochemistry and to conduct analyses for per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances and other contaminants of emerging concern.

Promoting the water and wastewater industry and developing the industry workforce require education through public outreach, internships, fellowships, and citizen science.
Science communication from a course‐based undergraduate research experience
Authors: Teter Ken
Published: April 2023

Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) provide an efficient mechanism to provide many students with an original research project. CUREs often culminate in a capstone poster presentation, but reports on these classes usually focus on the preparation and execution of the project rather than communication of the results. This article summarizes a CURE‐associated research seminar that focuses on developing the communication and interpersonal skills required for the production and presentation of a conference poster. The class is designed to provide students with the tools and confidence for effective communication of their research. From the two class offerings to date, the 18 participating students have received five awards from 19 conference presentations.