bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ECONOMIC POLICIES OF THE US AND TRADE WAR WITH CHINA
Authors:   University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Arshad Aasia , Kakar Jalal UD Din ,   University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
Published: November 2022

This article highlights the dynamics of US China trade war. It provides the political, military and economic efforts of these countries to save their interests in the region through this conflict. This research tries to find out the answer of research puzzle that “When the US and China already have deep economic interdependence then why they have involved in trade war against each other”? This research has employed qualitative methodology within the post positivist paradigm. The lens of Strategic Hedging Theory is applied to find the answers of research questions. For Data Analysis directed content analysis with more focus on manifest approach has been applied. The core findings of the study are that the continuous diplomatic and political engagement can bring peace. Trade war has resulted in a sharp decline in bilateral trade. The policies and political vision of china is to acquire the position of Chen One in the globe. The US is considering China as a threat to its hegemony. It’s endeavoring to enhance bilateral and multilateral as well as political, economic and defense deals with allies and rivals to undertake Chinese growth and progress. Key words: Strategic Hedging, Politics, Hegemon, Economy, Trade War, China, United State of America.
AUTOMATIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION THROUGH SMART LEGAL CONTRACTS
Authors:   College of Law, Government College University, Faisalabad Pakistan, Saeed Muhammad Arif ,   Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan, Muhammad Aas ,   Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Published: November 2022

Purpose – Smart contracts minimise transaction costs and boost efficiency. Smart contracts are costly, single-use, and inefficient. This study proposes a smart contract mechanism to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study examines smart contract research history, models, and platforms to highlight their flaws. Based on typical contract content, a smart contracts model is built. Findings – This paper describes smart contract operation using several models. Decomposing smart contracts into sub-contracts facilitates global implementation. Then, smart contract benefits and deployment strategies are examined. Here's an illustration of how smart contracts will affect our lives. Originality/value – Smart contract is expanding. This article describes smart contract structure and functioning. Keywords: AI, 4th IR, Applicability, international law, Smart contracts.
Controladores biológicos para la reducción de índices aédicos
Authors: Traverso Huarcaya Marco Fabriccio , Traverso Castillo Camila Alejandra , Norma Antonio Michelle , Castillo Rodriguez María Nelly
Published: November 2022

Ante la ausencia de vacunas eficaces para las arbovirosis transmitidas por el vector A. aegypti y la resistencia a insecticidas se hace necesario buscar alternativas, donde resalta el control biológico con el uso del larvicida microbiológico Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti). Como objetivo, se propuso determinar los índices aédicos y el uso de Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis como controlador biológico de Aedes aegypti en la localidad de Huánuco, Perú durante el segundo semestre de 2019. La investigación fue experimental de corte transversal con una muestra de 263 viviendas distribuidas en cinco bloques. Como instrumento se usó la observación y reporte de fichas a través de la inspección de cada vivienda en dos momentos, inicial y final, separadas por un lapso de 90 días. Para el análisis de los datos se usó estadística descripctiva a través de Epidat 3.0, obteniendo IA, IR e IB. Como resultado, de las 236 casas inspeccionadas, 51% (120/236) fueron no intervenidas y 49% (116/236) fueron intervenidas con Bacillus thuringiensis, de las casas no intervenidas (120/236) en la fase inicial 59% fueron positivas (con la presencia de algún estadío de A. aegypti) y en la fase final fue de 63%, por otra parte, en las casas intervenidas con Bacillus thuringiensis (CCB) (116/236) en la fase inicial 61% (71/116) estaban positivas y la fase final hubo un descenso a 32% (37/116). En conclusión, se sugiere que la aplicación de Bti constituye un componente adecuado para el manejo de poblaciones larvales de A. aegypti, en la ciudad de Perú.
Breaking infodemic: discovering SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Saavedra-López Miguel A. , Campos-Ugaz Walter Antonio , Turpo Chaparro Josué Edison , Mamani-Benito Oscar , Carranza Esteban Renzo Felipe , Garay-Argandoña Rafael , Álcazar Aguilar Oscar Omar , Rodríguez-Vargas Martha C. , Ponce-Meza Jacqueline C. , Hernández Ronald M.
Published: November 2022

By December 2019, multiple cases of unexplained pneumonia were reported in some hospitals in the city of Wuhan, China. Since then, it had been confirmed that it corresponded to an acute respiratory infection caused by a new coronavirus that spread quickly, becoming pandemic in a very short time. On the other hand, this pandemic forced confinement for months, something unprecedented. In that time, millions of people went online for entertainment, education, etc. Consequently, the use of the Internet increased, bringing, on the one hand, online education, and entertainment on the Internet, ensuring social distancing; and on the other hand, it brought new new risks to human life, among them rumors. In this way and given the large number of publications that could denote the level of misinformation about COVID-19 and the impact it could have on global public health, various scientific publications were analyzed and identified from a bibliometric point of view. Potential relationships between the descriptors obtained from the bibliometric search were identified. The results were conglomerated into 5 clusters: Cluster 1, related to studies on access to information provided on COVID-19; cluster 2 shows the list of studies that have been carried out on the information on the COVID-19 vaccine, cluster 3 analyzes the different responses given by conspiracy theories, rumors and misinformation about COVID-19, the Group 4 shows cross-sectional and longitudinal research on COVID-19 and the information it provides to the health sector, and cluster 5 represents studies on scientific production and communication that have contributed to global health during the pandemic.
Selection of a modern strategy for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome with elevated ST segment
Authors: Shukurova S. M. , Kabirzoda R. H. , Radzhabova G. M. , Rakhmatulloev H. F. , Faizulloev A. I.
Published: November 2022

The review is based on the analysis of current literature data on acute coronary syndrome (ACS): definition, epidemiology, classification, and methods of modern therapy methods. The article presents in detail the premedication and reperfusion strategies of introduction with an emphasis on a differential approach in the choice of therapy depending on the state of the ST-segment elevation. According to the literature the choice of treatment differs in patients with ACS with ST. The results of multicenter studies on the use of anticoagulant therapy in ACS and the need for double anticoagulant therapy against the background of the use of statins, ACE inhibitors, and beta blockers are presented.
Cognitive impairment in patients with hypothyroidism and possibilities of its correction
Authors: Chernyadeva E. V.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To identify and correct cognitive impairment in patients with hypothyroidism.

Materials and methods. The study included 76 patients with primary hypothyroidism. All patients were divided into 2 groups: compensated and decompensated hypothyroidism. In addition to general clinical, and hormonal blood tests all participants in the study underwent ultrasound of the thyroid gland and ECG, the neurophysiological study of cognitive evoked potentials, and testing according to the Montreal cognitive function assessment scale.

Results. In the majority of patients with a lack of thyroid hormones, cognitive impairments were detected, which increase with worsening compensation for hypothyroidism according to the results of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale testing. The study of evoked potentials in patients with hypothyroidism revealed an increase in latency and a decrease in the amplitude of the P300 indicator, indicating the presence of cognitive deficit. The addition of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate to hormone replacement therapy in patients with hypothyroidism significantly improves cognitive performance more than hormone monotherapy.

Conclusions. This study showed the need to identify cognitive impairments in patients with primary hypothyroidism, and their correction with the help of complex therapy increases the cognitive potential and the effectiveness of their treatment.
Multiple complications of postbulbar parapapillary ulcer combined with arteriomesenteric compression of the duodenum
Authors: Kadyrov D. M. , Tabarov Z. V. , Kodirov F. D. , Saidaliev Sh. Sh. , Sharipov V. Sh.
Published: November 2022

The article explores a clinical observation of a giant postbulbar parapapillary duodenal ulcer with multiple combined complications in the form of penetration into the pancreas, acute gastroduodenal bleeding and subcompensated stenosis occurred against the background of arterio-mesenteric compression of the duodenum in the subcompensation stage. The long course of the disease contributed to the development of alimentary dystrophy, cachexia and severe anemia. After stopping the bleeding, carrying out adequate preoperative preparation, the patient underwent Roux-en-Y gastric resection to “turn off” the ulcer with demucosation of the antrum and formation of the epipyloric stump of the duodenum according to the method modified in the clinic. The postoperative period was complicated by the development of a fistulous variant of duodenal stump suture failure, which was conservatively eliminated. The patient recovered.
PROBLEMS FACING SMALL FARMERS AND AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURS INSOMEVELLAGES OF DIYALA GOVERNORATE
Authors: Abdel Aziz Abbbas Jassim , Abd A-Wahab Amer , Habib Abd Jalal
Published: November 2022

Small enterprises represent one of the economic sectors that many countries in the world are interested in. The study was conducted in five villages in Diyala Governorate, and field information was taken on the information through a random sample of 120 respondents from the 2400 research community .The results of the research showed that there were 13 problems were repeat the answer 3 which had a great influence on farmers with small agricultural enterprises. The average response to these problems ranged from 2.51 to the problems of the security situation and 2.02 to the problem of using old methods of production. These findings also confirmed that 4 problems have a moderate impact on stallholder farming enterprises The average response to these problems ranged from 1.97 to the problem of the high wages of hired labor and 1.87 to the problem of lack of legal cover for small enterprises. While there were 3 low - impact problems, their impact is weak and related 1 the average response to these problems ranged 1.77 the problem of the lack of awareness of the establishment of small-scale agriculture. The results show there is a significant correlation between the farmer`s opinions and both educational level and age.
Use of Moringa oleifera in chickens and its effect on Productive and Economic parameters
Authors: González-Eras Gloria Estefanía , Vargas-González Oliverio Napoleón , Sánchez-Quinche Ángel Roberto
Published: November 2022

This research was carried out at the Santa Inés farm (Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Técnica de Machala), El Oro Province, Ecuador. The main objective was to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on the productive and economic parameters of Cobb 500 chickens. For the biosecurity and well-being of the birds, a pre-established managemet for open-shed systems in the area was used, applying a basic vaccination schedule to the chickens. For the experiment, a Completely Random Design (CRD) was applied, using 200 Cobb 500, newborn mixed chickens (male and female), distributed in 5 treatments and evaluated for 35 days, each treatment had 4 experimental units of 10 chickens. The disposition of the groups was as follows: control (T1) to which only the basal diet; T2, T3, T4 and T5 in which 1, 2, 3, 4% of M. oleifera leaf meal was administered in the feed, respectively. The variables evaluated were: live body weight, feed consumption and accumulated water, feed conversion ratio, mortality, productive efficiency factor, kilograms of meat per square meters (m2) and economic expenses. To determine the possible differences, the statistical software Statgraphics Centurion XV.I.®, was used. A parametric analysis of one factor (ANOVA), prior to the assumptions of normality and homogeneity was used. In order to discriminate among the means, the Bonferroni multiple comparison procedure was applied with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that there is an effect on live weight and feed intake, because diets with an inclusion greater than 3% were negatively influenced in the first 3 weeks of life of the animal, while the rest of the variables were not affected.
Adaptations and innovations: Analyzing food system organizations' responses to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hammelman Colleen , Turner Dylan
Published: November 2022

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, food systems have been affected by supply-chain disruptions, shifting employment trends, and increasing prices that change organization and business operations, increase food insecurity, and influence the broader economy. Much of the early scholarship regarding pandemic trends pointed to root causes in the corporate food regime and called for seeing the crisis as an opportunity for transformational change. Relying on surveys and in-depth interviews with food system stakeholders, this paper describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food businesses and organizations in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. We examined the challenges created during the pandemic and related responses by stakeholders. Our research found that the pandemic’s impacts have been mixed. Most stakeholders identified both barriers and opportunities, reporting great upheaval and disruption but also new opportunities for innovation and collaboration. We argue that, while many positive innovations and quick responses were generated, ongoing challenges are indicative of widespread food system vulnerabilities created by a corporate food regime that produces thin margins while limiting the ability of stakeholders to pursue transformational change. Much of the existing literature considers the pandemic’s effects on individual producers and eaters, as well as large-scale structural shifts, yet less attention has been paid to the responses of food system organizations and businesses. This research contributes to food systems literature through its focus on food system actors to better understand how the food system is changing during the pandemic.
Etnografar Clarice: por uma didática do olhar, do ouvir, do escrever e do sentir
Authors: Scorsolini-Comin Fabio , Pacífico Soraya Maria Romano
Published: November 2022

Este ensaio objetiva refletir sobre a construção de um método para a investigação da autoria em Clarice Lispector, no campo da análise do discurso pêcheutiana. Visando a traçar um percurso metodológico, recorre-se à articulação entre literatura, psicanálise e ciências sociais, compondo uma bricolagem científica e metodológica. São destacadas a necessidade de considerar os elementos biográficos, materiais e históricos da obra de Clarice e, também, as posições-autor assumidas não apenas por ela, mas também pelo analista do discurso em sua escrita e na produção de gestos de interpretação. Aos vértices eminentemente destacados no fazer do antropólogo – o olhar, o ouvir e o escrever – incluímos a necessidade do sentir como possibilidade de afetação do pesquisador pelo seu campo, no caso, pela obra de Clarice Lispector. O etnografar no contexto da pesquisa sobre a autoria, nesse sentido, é empregado como metáfora para uma afetação da, na e através da escrita.
Literatura e expressão de emoções: o caso “Otelo”
Authors: Fianco Francisco , Trombetta Gerson
Published: November 2022

O presente texto tem como tema a questão das emoções na literatura a partir de uma perspectiva filosófica. Ainda que tradicionalmente desprezadas na filosofia, uma incursão pelos estudos de estética nos mostra que ela, literatura, pode ajudar a entender filosoficamente as emoções a partir de, pelo menos, três aspectos: como recalibração, como compreensão e como clarificação. A partir desta construção conceitual, analisaremos as emoções presentes na tragédia Otelo, de Shakespeare.
Do gesto repetido ao gozo afirmativo: a escrita da repetição em "Água viva", de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Silva Gilson Antunes da
Published: November 2022

Objetiva-se evidenciar como, por meio da repetição, opera-se a passagem para um gesto afirmativo em Água viva, de Clarice Lispector. Tomo como hipótese a ideia de que, pela ação iterada, o sujeito que narra, faz um mergulho na pulsão dionisíaca para afirmar a tragicidade da vida. Para sustentar essas ideias, leio a obra sob um viés comparatista, à luz dos pressupostos teóricos advindos da Psicanálise de orientação lacaniana e da Filosofia nietzscheana. Trata-se, portanto, de um trabalho de natureza bibliográfica que entrecruza o discurso literário com outros saberes, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar e comparatista.
Kentleşme Baskısı Altında Havza Alanları: İstanbul İncelemesi
Authors: AKBULUT BAŞAR Ayşe , İMREN GÜZEL Burcu
Published: November 2022

İstanbul, Türkiye’nin en kalabalık şehri olup anomalik biçimde büyüme göstermektedir. Kent nüfusundaki artış, doğal arazi örtüsü, sulak alanlar vb. diğer doğal, ekolojik alanları doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bu etkilerin başlıcalarından biri kentsel havzalar üzerinde olmaktadır. Küresel iklim değişikliği ve doğal kaynakların sürdürülebilirliğinin kentsel planlama gündeminde yer alması, mega kent için su yönetimi ve havza alanlarının önemini artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul'daki içme suyu havza alanları üzerindeki kentleşme baskısının mevcut durumu analiz edilerek yakın gelecek için bir tahmin yapılmakta ve mevcut arazi kullanım verileri ile mevcut yasal-idari koşullar birlikte incelenmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre İstanbul’daki içme suyu havzaları içerisinde en büyük yapılaşma baskısının, Terkos üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Terkos havza alanı mutlak koruma alanında 1291, kısa mesafe koruma alanında 3635 adet yapı bulunmaktadır. Terkos'taki mutlak koruma alanındaki yapı stokunun tüm havza bölgelerindeki mutlak koruma alanındaki yapı stokuna oranı %31,28'dir. Terkos, hem kısa mesafeli hem de mutlak koruma alanı içinde en fazla yapı bulunan havza alanıdır. Mevcut duruma ek olarak, Kanal İstanbul gibi mega projeler ve yapılaşma trendleri, Terkos'taki yapı yoğunluğunun yakın zamanda artacağını göstermektedir. Su ekosistemlerin sürdürülebilirliği su havzalarına bağlıdır. Bu nedenle havzalar için entegre su kaynakları yönetimi planlarına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Su kaynakları üzerinde yetki sahibi kurumlar arasında düzenlemelerin ve denetim mekanizmasının oluşturulması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir.
A case of blunt abdominal trauma resulting in significant bladder injury (AAST grade IV)
Authors: Bheenick Divya
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Bladder injuries are uncommon and its diagnosis is often missed. However, in patients presenting with blunt abdominal trauma, bladder, and other lower urinary tract injuries must be ruled out using adequate investigations.

Case Report: A 33-year-old male presented to the Emergency Department 24 hours after a fall, complaining of lower abdominal pain and inability to void. Examination revealed a mildly distended abdomen with no signs of peritonism. A random bladder scan showed a volume of 583 mL. Basic investigations showed the patient to be in acute kidney injury (AKI) stage III with a creatinine of 350 mmol/L. Clinical findings were suggestive of a bladder injury. However, due to the rarity of such cases, clinicians reviewing the patient did not think of a bladder injury as one of the differential diagnoses. Instead of also requesting for a computed tomography (CT) cystography, only a trauma CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast was requested which demonstrated an intraperitoneal bladder injury. The patient was taken to theater for an emergency laparotomy and repair of a 4 cm bladder laceration. According to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification, the patient had a Grade IV bladder injury. A cystogram performed 4 weeks after the surgery showed no urine leak and the urethral catheter was removed. Fortunately, no harm was brought to the patient.

Conclusion: Intraperitoneal bladder injuries, if missed, can be associated with serious morbidities and even increase the risk of mortality.
ALÜMİNYUM LEVHA TAMİRİNDE HASAR HATTI VE YAMA ÖLÇÜLERİNİN ÇEKME GERİLME DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: ŞİŞMAN Abdullah
Published: November 2022

In this study, in the repair of angled channel aluminum plates; The effects of channel angle and patch sizes on tensile stress behavior were investigated experimentally. For this purpose, aluminum 2024 T3 sheets with angled channels with varying channel angles were prepared. These plates were subjected to tensile loads and their failure loads were investigated experimentally. Then, using DP460 adhesive material, angled channel aluminum 2024 T3 sheets were repaired using double-sided lap joints with aluminum 2024 T3 patches of varying sizes, and the repaired samples were subjected to tensile load, the effect of channel angle and patch size change on failure loads and stress behaviors in repair was also experimentally examined and the success of the repair was evaluated.
O TEXTO LITERÁRIO NA EJA: LEITURA DE MUNDO, LEITURA DE SI
Authors: Porte Daniela
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho tem por escopo o relato de experiência na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), centrada na perspectiva do letramento literário (COSSON, 2007) e na percepção teórica do texto literário como manifestação da plena funcionalidade da linguagem (COSERIU, 1993). O romance Iracema, de José de Alencar (1865) será ponto de partida para descrição de atividade centrada na leitura do texto literário.
Reflexões sobre Gênero e Raça na obra Olhos d’Água de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Marylin da Silva Santos Anne
Published: November 2022

Este artigo desenvolve uma análise da obra Olhos d’Água (2014) de Conceição Evaristo. No livro, seus contos retratam as representações das imagens relacionadas às mulheres negras e a característica de subalternidade a que este grupo é relegado na sociedade. Evaristo empreende a descolonização das mulheres negras colocando-as em um espaço discursivo de libertação do legado colonialista. A autora através das suas personagens também trata da condição feminina na sociedade e à violência às mulheres negras. O suporte teórico que norteia a análise está baseado principalmente nas obras de autores que discutem os conceitos de lugar de fala, subalternidade, feminismo negro, literatura feminina e a intersecção de gênero, etnia e classe social, como Djamila Ribeiro (2017 e 2019) e Gayatri C. Spivak (2010).
Antropología de la Pesca en Chile
Authors: Retamales Alvaro
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo realiza un breve recorrido por los estudios en ciencias sociales y particularmente en antropología sobre la pesca artesanal y el fenómeno marino-costero de Chile. Para ello se ha consultado una serie de autores vinculados a este campo de estudio en el último tiempo. Chile es un país y un territorio de tradición marítima. Más allá de su naturaleza geográfica, este factor adquiere cada vez más relevancia cuando profundizamos en su arqueología, su historia y su cultura actual. Para comprender todo lo anterior, las ciencias sociales, y en particular la antropología, lentamente avanzan para cristalizar sus esfuerzos en un campo de estudio consolidado. Frente a un contexto donde la globalización amenaza cada vez más el futuro de la biodiversidad marina, donde las comunidades costeras se ven constantemente impactadas por el extractivismo, se hace necesario comprender cómo las ciencias sociales y en particular la antropología ha asumido la problemática. Este artículo propone aproximarse a un estado del arte del fenómeno socio marino costero, realizando una breve panorámica por algunos de sus elementos clave y así ir urdiendo antecedentes para la antropología de la pesca en Chile.
Al ritmo del sol, bajo la tutela de los ancestros. Performance ritual en la Peña del Medio durante el Tardío-Inca, Paicuqui (Antofagasta de la Sierra, Provincia de Catamarca)
Authors: Cohen María Lorena , Ponce Agustina , Puente Verónica
Published: November 2022

Presentamos la interpretación sobre actores, tiempos, paisajes y corporalidad involucrados en celebraciones rituales desarrolladas en la “Peña del Medio” para el período Tardío-Inca en la localidad de Paicuqui, Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca (Argentina). El empleo de herramientas de la arqueología del paisaje, complementadas con estudios de crónicas y etnografías publicadas, junto a conversaciones con la gente de la localidad, nos permitió llegar a una caracterización de tales prácticas. Sumado a lo anterior, presentamos nuevos datos obtenidos recientemente en un análisis integral que incluye los espacios de la cumbre con los del faldeo de la peña. Proponemos que estas celebraciones se conformaron como performances que posibilitaron la integración y cohesión de colectivos diversos, mediante rituales dirigidos a entidades tutelares como el Sol, los Ancestros y los Cerros.
Asociacionismo empresarial chino en Chile. Territorio, liderazgos y actores sociales
Authors: Moraga Jorge , Saavedra Adrian , Garcés Alejandro , Wu Qingjun
Published: November 2022

Este artículo analiza las actuales asociaciones empresariales chinas en Chile, considerando sus formas de composición, institucionalización de jerarquías y legitimación de sus prácticas, por una parte ante el estado chino y por otra, ante el estado y la sociedad chilena. Las entrevistas y trabajo etnográfico con 19 asociaciones empresariales chinas en Chile permiten plantear que 1) articulan relaciones territoriales específicas con sus espacios de origen, 2) su membresía y liderazgos se construyen a partir de la generación de deudas monetarias y simbólicas entre actores individuales e institucionales, 3) tienden a consolidar mecanismos de mediación entre los intereses de sus miembros, las políticas estatales en origen y su acomodo en las estructuras sociales y políticas en Chile.
La beneficencia médica como eficacia simbólica. Etnografía en la Gota de Leche de Santiago de Chile
Authors: Leyton Daniela
Published: November 2022

En el presente texto buscamos problematizar sobre la beneficencia en la Gota de Leche, institución médica y benéfica fundada el año 1911 por el Patronato Nacional de la Infancia para ir en apoyo de madres y sus hijos desvalidos. A partir de un trabajo etnográfico realizado durante el año 2015 analizamos las estrategias producidas por las y los trabajadores de la institución en torno a la beneficencia, a través del concepto de eficacia simbólica trabajado desde la antropología médica crítica. Planteamos que la beneficencia médica, permitiría sustentar la reproducción de clase y una forma de atención en la institución mediante las ayudas a las madres y sus hijos(as). Principalmente, producto de las acciones del pasado realizadas por las llamadas cooperadoras: mujeres de la elite santiaguina, antiguas voluntarias y benefactoras de las Gotas de Leches. De manera que, la eficacia simbólica de la beneficencia médica daría cuenta de un proceso histórico-social en los modos de atender la salud y cuidados materno-infantil de los grupos más pobres, otorgando un relato ordenador de la realidad a los trabajadores de la institución, en un contexto social marcado por la vulnerabilidad y el sufrimiento, que resulta ser expresión de desigualdades sociales estructurales.
Phytochemical and antioxidant screening of Cocculus hirsutus and Calycopteris floribunda
Authors: Abbagoni Saidulu , Edupuganti Sujatha , Rani G. Jhansi
Published: November 2022

Cocculus hirsutus and Calycopteris floribunda are two important Indian medicinal plants that are having multiple health benefits in traditional medicine. The current research aims to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of ethanolic extracts of the selected plants using standard protocols. The Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were estimated by Folin–Ciocalteu & Aluminum chloride colorimetric methods respectively. Invitro antioxidant activity by DPPH and NO free radical scavenging assay. Results unveiled that the total phenolic content for the ethanolic extract of C. hirsutus and C. floribunda are 157.46±1.12 & 113.25±1.03 GAE per gram of sample in dry weight (mg/g) and total flavonoid content was 69±1.05 & 58±1.23 of RE per gram of sample in dry weight (mg/g) respectively. In the DPPH assay, ethanolic extract of C. hirsutus is effective to inhibit (71.02%) the DPPH free radicals with IC50 values 48.10µg/ml at higher doses that are comparable to standard ascorbic acid (79.26%, IC50 =38.39µg/ml) followed by C. floribunda (65.24%, IC50 =60.49µg/ml). Similarly, in the NO free radical scavenging assay, C. hirsutus (75.19%) exhibited the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 44.43µg/ml followed by C. floribunda (71.02%, IC50 =52.14µg/ml).
Compost production potential in ecotourism Bukit Cemeng, Bangli
Authors: Posmaningsih D. A. A. , Jana I Wayan , Suiraoka I Putu
Published: November 2022

Bukit Cemeng is one of the newly opened tourist attractions in Bangli Regency. Waste management is one of the concerns of Bukit Cemeng management. So far, the waste generated is only done by landfilling and burning so as not to pollute the environment. This type of research is study applied with design random group. Sampling units are waste generated in Bukit Cemeng Ecotourism.  Research carried out replication as much 3 times for see stability of the manufacturing process compost from organic waste generated in Ecotourism Hill whiny. Based on results study obtained that average heavy waste generated in Bukit Cemeng ecotourism is 7.175 kg, average waste volume is 0.23 m3 and density waste 33.27 kg/m3. There is no difference in the quality of Carbon, Nitrogen and Potassium in the three replications of processing waste into compost, meaning that the resulting Carbon Nitrogen, and Potassium values are stable. There is difference nitrogen quality in three replications processing rubbish it means the Nitrogen value produced no stable. Compost produced at Bukit Cemeng Ecotourism Fulfill requirements quality compost based on SNI 19-7030-2004.
The impact of human resource accounting on financial performance(case study: Industry-oriented companies admitted to the Tehran stock exchange)
Authors: Kashanipour Mohammad , Farooji Rukhsare Zormand
Published: November 2022

Human resources have a significant role in the development of the organization. Human resource accounting helps measure the cost and value of the organization's human resources and helps managers make critical decisions about employees. This study mainly investigates the impact of human resource accounting on financial performance in industry-oriented companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange by using the panel data approach from 2001-2017. The results show that organizational profitability has a positive and significant effect on human resource accounting, and asset return and stock return have a negative but insignificant effect on human resource accounting.
SEARCH OF PATTERNS OF EARLY COLONIAL SCHOOLS: CASE STUDIES IN DHAKA
Authors: Naqi Md. Ali , Mridha A.M.M.H.
Published: November 2022

Education involves traditions and heritages of a society. A school presents and develops not merely the functional requirements of a society but also gives shape to the moral structure and the aesthetic doctrines of its members. In the process of westernization our society experienced a major thrust in the educational sector during the middle of the 19th century resulting in the establishment of a number of schools in Dhaka City. These schools were started in colonial buildings constructed earlier for different purposes. As time passes by the Image of these schools got attached with the Images of those buildings and has perished a deep impression in the minds of the educated class. But, now it seems that these buildings are becoming extinct to meet the present demands of the 20th century society. Improper and unsympathetic additions and alterations are destroying the environment and Images that has been developed through years. This study attempts to find out the existing conditions of the described schools in relation to the functions they perform and Forms they establish. Moreover, the growing patterns of the building blocks and facilities are studied also to develop some guidelines for future extensions and additions without hampering the long lasting Image and symbolic coding that the society has already accepted as Ideals.
IMPACT OF VILLAGE TREE SPECIES ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HARDBOARD IN KHULNA HARDBOARD MILLS LTD., BANGLADESH
Authors: Hannan M.O. , Khan M.N. I. , Chowdhury A.H. , Hasnin S.M.M.
Published: November 2022

The conventional raw materials of Khulna Hardboard Mills Ltd. (KHML) has been only sundri (Heritiera fomes). Due to recent shortfall in raw material supply from the Sundarbans, KHML is now using several village tree species in mixture with sundri. The study was undertaken to assess the changes in physical and mechanical properties of hardboard produced from the mill owing to introduction of some village tree species. The samples were collected and tested for modulus of rupture (MOR) and changes in thickness and weight after immersion in water. Weight and thickness changes of the samples were found significantly higher than that for sundri and US Standard class-1 Hardboard Specifications. A significant correlation was found between weight and thickness changes. The MOR values were found significantly lower than that of sundri and but significantly higher than that of US standard class-1 Hardboard Specifications (minimum) value which indicates that the strength properties of the boards produced from mixed species is satisfactory with respect to US standard but unsatisfactory with respect to sundri.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF TERRACE SOIL IN THE MADHUPUR TRACT OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Bhuiyan M. R. , Shams M. I. , Khan M. N. I. , Kabir M. A.
Published: November 2022

Terrace soil samples collected from Tangail District, Bangladesh, were analyzed to ascertain chemical properties and nutrient status. The study was conducted in the Tejgaon soil series, which is one of the dominant soil series of terrace soil. The soil is acidic and non saline. Fertility status of the topsoil is moderate but sub soil is low in fertility. The soil contains optimum amount of K, Fe, Cu and Mn but the amount of Ca, Mg, N, S, and B are not in optimum level. The fertility status of the soil is gradually decreasing. Phosphorous deficiency of soil is very much below critical level.
RESPONSES AND PERCEPTIONS OF PEOPLE WHILE COPING WITH FLOOD AND RIVERBANK EROSION IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Hasan Mahmudul , Haque Shamim M. , Saroar Md. Mustafa
Published: November 2022

This paper investigates responses and perceptions of people while coping with flood and river erosion (of the banks and charlands) in a large a river of Bangladesh. A literature review provides an understanding of river erosion in the large rivers of Bangladesh, particularly the Padma, Jamuna, and Brahmaputra. Based on the study of secondary sources, an empirical survey is conducted of affected people (from the banks and the charlands) of the Jamuna River in Sirajganj District. The empirical study investigated responses and perceptions of people in the vulnerable areas while coping with flood and riverbank erosion. The responses of people, as found from the study, can be categorized into three major types. These are responses through structural measure; responses in agricultural coping; and responses through human safety measures. It is also found that despite extreme poverty, fragile socio-economic condition and lack of any support from government agencies, majority of these people coped well with these natural disasters. This study identified two major perception types of people while coping with this disaster, a pessimistic one and an optimistic one. Though both of these groups suffered a lot from riverbank erosion and flood, it is found that the crucial way to overcome these natural calamities is to have a positive mental attitude, an adventurous soul, hardworking mentality, and a flexible outlook towards life. Vulnerable people, particularly the weak, poor, and frightened, often lose their hopes, and suffer the most. The Government and non-governmental agencies, in these erosion prone areas, can play a vital role to support and rehabilitate these affected weakened people. They can provide monetary, material, infrastructural and informational support to them till they stand on their own feet to withstand the setbacks.
Budgetary Controls and Financial Performance of Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) in Kenya
Authors:   Management University of Africa, Kemunto Debrah , Cheluget John ,   Management University of Africa
Published: November 2022

Micro financing institutions in Kenya showed a high growth rate since they were established in 1997 and legislation passed in 2006 with the micro finance Act which became active in 2008. The research sought to determine exactly how budget controls influence financial performance of micro finance organizations (MFIs) in Kenya. The objectives of the study were to establish the effect of budget planning on the performance of MFIs; to figure out the impact of budget control on the performance of MFIs in Kenya; to establish the impact of budget plan analysis on the economic efficiency of MFIs and to assess the impact of budget coverage on the financial performance of MFIs in Kenya. The research study was anchored on the Priority Based Budgeting Theory, Goal-setting theory as well as the Accountancy theory. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The target population was 713 employees of the 14 MFIs in Kenya. Purposive sampling was adopted to select a sample size of 70 top and mid-level managers. Data was obtained via structured questionnaires as well as an interview schedule. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with the help of SPSS. The study used a multiple regression model to show the relationship between the study variables. The findings revealed an R squared of 0.872 which means that the independent variables contribute up to 87.2% of the changes in the dependent variable and adjusted R squared of 0.864 at 95% significance level, implying that the budgetary controls adopted in this study (Reporting, Planning, Evaluation, Coordination) jointly explained 87.2 percent of the variation in performance of the MFIs in Kenya. The study also found that budget planning as an aspect of budgetary control had a positive and significant effect on the performance of MFIs in Kenya (β =105, p=.016<.05), budget coordination as an aspect of budgetary control had a positive and significant effect on the performance of MFIs in Kenya (β =.162, p=.005<.05), budget evaluation as an aspect of budgetary control had a positive and significant effect on the performance of MFIs in Kenya (β =.240, p=.005<.05), and finally that budget reporting had a positive and significant effect on the performance of MFIs in Kenya (β =.398, p=.000<.05). The study concluded that budgetary control practices adopted had positive and significant effect on the performance of MFIs in Kenya. The study thus recommended that recommends that the microfinance institutions should consider enhancing the budgetary control measures such as budget planning, budget coordination, budget evaluation and budget reporting as ways of enhancing their performance. Keywords: Budgetary Controls, Financial Performance, Microfinance Institutions
Sostenibilità economica e transizione ecologica: l’apporto giuridico buddhista
Authors: Bilotti Domenico
Published: November 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Osservazioni propedeutiche: la crescente rilevanza di un approccio metodologicamente propenso alla riconversione ambientale e alla solidarietà sociale - 2. Caratteristiche generali idonee a proporre le dottrine buddhiste come case study di precipua significatività - 3. Le tracce di una riflessione culturalmente orientata: l’eredità dei maestri canonici - 4. Gli insegnamenti del Buddha come principi di una taumaturgia giuridica interculturale - 5. L’astensione curativa: una nozione rafforzata di condotte omissive - 6. Un bilancio casistico: materiali di studio sui rapporti tra il buddhismo e le istituzioni statali - 7. Possibile conclusione a partire dallo stato dell’arte: il buddhismo tra dottrina, rito e habitus.

Sustainability and environmental transition: the legal Buddhist contribution

ABSTRACT: We are currently experiencing an increasing attention on the economic sustainability and the environmental issues. This process still merely seems a theoretical declaration because its concrete efforts are appearing weak and fragile. The aim of this essay is to underline the possibility of a better comprehension of those sets of problems by studying the spiritual and legal contribution of Buddhism: a not theistic axiology that implies a renewed approach to ecology and economics, able to determine methodological consequences even in the sphere of public law.
I ministri di culto in Italia
Authors: Cavana Paolo
Published: November 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. La nozione di ministro di culto nell’ordinamento italiano - 2. Origini storiche della figura civilistica del ministro di culto - 3. Principi ispiratori dell’attuale normativa sui ministri di culto - 4. La normativa sui ministri di culto: le fonti - 5. Disposizioni restrittive sui ministri di culto - 6. I ministri di culto nel diritto penale - 7. I ministri di culto nella legislazione pattizia - 8. Ministri di culto e giurisdizione confessionale, tra autonomia e tutela dei diritti - 9. Il sostentamento dei ministri di culto - 10. La remunerazione del ministro di culto: natura della prestazione e tutela giurisdizionale - 11. Le molteplici attività socialmente rilevanti dei ministri di culto - 12. Problemi, vecchi e nuovi, e prospettive di riforma - 13. Osservazioni conclusive.

The ministers of religion in Italian law

ABSTRACT: This contribution analyses the status of ministers of religion in the Italian legal system. It starts from a description of the historical foundations, which lies in Nineteenth-century liberal legislation, and arrives at a synthetic representation of the regulations currently in force in the unilateral State law and in the Concordat and Treaty legislation. The regulatory evolution, which is still in progress, describes the transition from a uniform and homogeneous concept of minister of religion, inspired by the Catholic priest and placed at the basis of a mostly restrictive legislation, to a more articulate and comprehensive one, reflecting the growing confessional pluralism of Italian society and the assertion of the right to religious freedom. This new approach represents the premise for a legislation that increasingly aims at protecting and promoting the status and the manifold activities of ministers of religion, particularly in the context of the strong enhancement of the Welfare State and of the Third sector. Finally, the article focuses on some problematic issues of the current legislation and on the apparent paradox that, in the face of a more favorable State legislation, nowadays the status of the minister of religion, and in particular that of the Catholic priest - who still represents the main reference for Italy’s legislation - is undergoing a strong identity crisis in the ecclesial order, thus posing a series of problems also for society at large.
Year-to-Year Comparison of Virginia’s Hepatitis Education and Patient Connection Referral on Release Program Outcomes for those Recently Released from Incarceration
Authors: A.B. Caldwell Sylvia , Knick-Kemp Terry , Dillingham Rebecca , Fuller Trey
Published: November 2022

Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to outline the Virginia Hepatitis Education and Patient Connection. Referral on Release (HEPC-RoR. This program for increasing access to treatment for hepatitis C for those recently released from incarceration, including first-year outcomes, quality improvement practices that were implemented post first year, and second year program data. Using this information, we hope to inform organizations attempting to implement similar programs of potential challenges and corresponding solutions. Alternatively, we hope to share potential program designs for organizations that have identified a need for programs to support linkage to care for those recently released from incarcerated. Recent Findings After analyzing first-year program data, we identified areas for improvement. Based on these findings, the team implemented new processes. After a review of the second-year data, we found significant improvement in clinical data, program workflow, and data quality from the previous year. A change in workflow allowed us to collect additional correct contact data, connect more patients to care and ultimately to cure their hepatitis C. Our database, which was redesigned following year one, provided formatting changes allowing for expedited data extraction and review. The process between facilities also improved, streamlining efforts and alleviating some strain associated with limited staffing. Summary Following the review of first-year HEPC-RoR data, program strengths and weaknesses were identified, and a quality improvement plan was developed to addresses areas of need. Changes included more frequent and varied outreach, follow-ups to community partners for confirmation of appointments and lab results, and a redesigned database for more comprehensive data collection. Second-year program data found significant clinical outcomes, such as an 86.7% linkage to care rate and a 23.5% cure rate, and improved referral and database quality.
The Regulation of the Investment in Crypto-Assets and its role in the growth of International Trade
Authors:   Master of Laws (LL.M) in International Commercial law, Ain shams University- Faculty of Law., Mustafa Mustafa G.
Published: November 2022

This article discusses the importance of enacting a regulatory framework for investing in Crypto-Assets where the need for this arose after the advent of blockchain technology and the accompanying development, The volume of trading on cryptocurrencies has increased, and Non-fungible Tokens (NFTs) have become the focus of many investors in every country in the world and are sold for a huge price. Crypto-assets are attracting investors, especially because of their features such as encryption and ease of proof of ownership equally, many countries seek to invest in crypto-assets to ensure that they have an additional financial resource that increases the volume of GDP. Crypto-assets have also played an important role in international trade by facilitating trade financing operations. Crypto-assets have helped remove traditional barriers and eliminate risks that have hindered investors, and the international trade process is proceeding more smoothly and efficiently. During this time, it was necessary to examine and discuss how to enact regulatory frameworks for investing in crypto-assets, ensuring that people and countries make the best use of them, and also prevent money-laundering and terrorist financing that might accompany it.