bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Matter-mineral characteristics of technogene placers – potential sources of precious metals (on the example of the Nizhneselemdzhinsky gold-bearing node of Priamurye, Russia)
Authors: Kuznetsova Inna V. , Safronov Petr P. , Moiseenko Natalya V.
Published: March 2019

Over tens of years of mining and processing of ores and placers of gold in the world a huge amount of wastes originated in the form of spoil heaps and tailing dumps, in which the content of valuable components allow them to be considered a real additional resource of precious metals. The aim of the work was to establish the changes that took place in time in the spoil heaps of gold mining and to determine the prospects of the technogene placers as a potential source of the precious metal. The investigations were carried out with the use of the methods of the analytical raster electron microscopy and mineralogical and atomic-absorption analyses. On the example of the Nizhneselemdzhinsky gold-bearing node of Priamurye we have done the compatative analysis of the mineral and granulometric composition of the original and developed placers. It is shown that through the technogenesis the mineral composition of the deposits changes including the process of decomposition of the lead and iron minerals with a partial reduction to a native metal. In addition to the native gold in the technogene placers there have been found the following minerals with a high content of the precious metal: rutile, monazite, magnetite, metallic lead, galena, ilmenite, and zircon. The content of free gold in dumps is 190 mg/m3 in the average. The main amount of it (about 83%) consists of the fine gold (< 0.5 mm). We have studied the chemical composition of the native gold and associated rocks. It has been established that the gold has a multiphase composition. The phases are for the most part the gold amalgams and have two-, three-, and four-component compositions (Au-Hg, Au-Ag-Hg, Au-Hg-Pb, Au-Ag-Hg-Pb). About 30% of gold of the technogene placers have a high standard of fineness (~980‰). Almost all native gold is in close intergrowths with the rock-forming matrix of different composition: hydroalumosilicates, oxides, and hydroxides of Fe, Mn, and Pb, highly carbonaceous and carbon-bearing formations, and so on. Under the action of the physicochemical and biochemical process in the technogene placers different transformations of the native gold take place: purification at the expense of the silver evacuation; decomposition of the minerals-concentrators of gold; precipitation of micro- and nano-gold at the geochemical barriers with the formation of the so-called “new” gold (from nanoformations to micro- and macroforms). Through the operation of the technogene placers one should take into account the fact that the ore minerals in them have high concentrations of heavy metals and radioactive elements, and the gold has a complicated multiphase and multicomponent composition, and ¾ of it is amalgamated. The data obtained give the additional information for the elaboration of technologies for the development of the prospective gold-bearing technogene placers.
Shallow seismic sounding based on ellipticity analysis of microtremor
Authors: Davydov Vadim A.
Published: March 2019

A brief review is carried out of the previous study about the spectral ratios of horizontal and vertical components of microseismic oscillations displacement. The basic principles of resonant boundaries allocation and the construction of deep sections based on the H/V relations (ellipticity) are considered. A description of the equipment used, the method of recording and processing microseismic noise are presented. The main goal of the research work is to clarify the nature of the connection between the ellipticity of microseisms with geological features and the correctness of constructing deep sections based on them. The initial data are the amplitude spectra of the components of microseismic signal, obtained using the fast Fourier transformation. In the course of experimental work it was found that the spectral relations retain their characteristic features regardless of the azimuth of observations. A number of practical examples compare microseismic sections with results from other geophysical methods and drilling information. The results obtained indicate the complex nature of the ellipticity of microseismic noise under different conditions, however, they make it possible to determine the main interfaces between the upper part of the geological section. Resonant boundaries emitted by microtremor are often located near refractive seismic boundaries. This is consistent with the theory that resonance effects occur at the interface between two media with a high contrast of acoustic impedance.
Methods for ensuring of stable operate of steam-water wells
Authors: Shulyupin Aleksandr N.
Published: March 2019

The conditions for the stable operation of the steam-water geothermal well are considered on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics reflecting the dependence of the bottomhole pressure on the flow rate for the well and the feed aquifer. When the position of the static water level is below the wellhead, these conditions determine the principle possibility of the steam-lift production of the fluid in the self-discharge regime. When constructing the characteristics of the well, it is necessary to take into account the dependence of the external wellhead pressure, determined by the flow downstream from the wellhead, on the flow. A sufficient condition for stable steam-lift operation is the finding of a working point (the intersection of characteristics) on the ascending branch of the characteristic of the well. In the presence of factors that inhibit the development of instability at the wellhead, the possibility of steam-lift operation while finding a working point and on the descending branch near the extremum of the well characteristic is not ruled out.
Some methods of changing the characteristics of a well and an aquifer that contribute to the achievement of the required location of the working point are considered. The importance of choosing the method of excitation of a well and the technology of its implementation in the presence of the required location are noted. The reasons for appearance of difficulties of the steam-lift operation of the well are indicated. It is recommended, having faced in practice with such difficulties and having found the reasons for their occurrence, choose the most appropriate ways of eliminating them, preferring the simplest in the implementation the methods that, in case of failure, will not interfere with further attempts to provide the necessary mode of operation.
Polytene chromosomes reflect functional organization of the Drosophila genome
Authors: Sidorenko D. S. , Zykova T. Yu. , Khoroshko V. A. , Pokholkova G. V. , Demakov S. A. , Larsson J. , Belyaeva E. S. , Zhimulev I. F.
Published: March 2019

Polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster are a convenient model for studying interphase chromosomes of eukaryotes. They are giant in size in comparison with diploid cell chromosomes and have a pattern of cross stripes resulting from the ordered chromatid arrangement. Each region of polytene chromosomes has a unique banding pattern. Using the model of four chromatin types that reveals domains of varying compaction degrees, we were able to correlate the physical and cytological maps of some polytene chromosome regions and to show the main properties of genetic and molecular organization of bands and interbands, that we describe in this review. On the molecular map of the genome, the interbands correspond to decompacted aquamarine chromatin and 5’ ends of ubiquitously active genes. Gray bands contain lazurite and malachite chromatin, intermediate in the level of compaction, and, mainly, coding parts of genes. Dense black transcriptionally inactive bands are enriched in ruby chromatin. Localization of several dozens of interbands on the genome molecular map allowed us to study in detail their architecture according to the data of whole genome projects. The distribution of proteins and regulatory elements of the genome in the promoter regions of genes localized in the interbands shows that these parts of interbands are probably responsible for the formation of open chromatin that is visualized in polytene chromosomes as interbands. Thus, the permanent genetic activity of interbands and gray bands and the inactivity of genes in black bands are the basis of the universal banding pattern in the chromosomes of all Drosophila tissues. The smallest fourth chromosome of Drosophila with an atypical protein composition of chromatin is a special case.  Using the model of four chromatin states and fluorescent in situ hybridization, its cytological map was refined and the genomic coordinates of all bands and interbands were determined. It was shown that, in spite of the peculiarities of this chromosome, its band organization in general corresponds to the rest of the genome. Extremely long genes of different Drosophila chromosomes do not fit the common scheme, since they can occupy a series of alternating bands and interbands (up to nine chromosomal structures) formed by parts of these genes.
Optogenetic regulation of endogenous gene transcription in mammals
Authors: Omelina E. S. , Pindyurin A. V.
Published: March 2019

Despite the rapid development of approaches aimed to precisely control transcription of exogenous genes in time and space, design of systems providing similar tight regulation of endogenous gene expression is much more challenging. However, finding ways to control the activity of endogenous genes is absolutely necessary for further progress in safe and effective gene therapies and regenerative medicine. In addition, such systems are of particular interest for genetics, molecular and cell biology. An ideal system should ensure tunable and reversible spatio-temporal control over transcriptional activity of a gene of interest. Although there are drug-inducible systems for transcriptional regulation of endogenous genes, optogenetic approaches seem to be the most promising for the gene therapy applications, as they are noninvasive and do not exhibit toxicity in comparison with druginducible systems. Moreover, they are not dependent on chemical inducer diffusion rate or pharmacokinetics and exhibit fast activation-deactivation switching. Among optogenetic tools, long-wavelength light-controlled systems are more preferable for use in mammalian tissues in comparison with tools utilizing shorter wavelengths, since far-red/near-infrared light has the maximum penetration depth due to lower light scattering caused by lipids and reduced tissue autofluorescence at wavelengths above 700 nm. Here, we review such light-inducible systems, which are based on synthetic factors that can be targeted to any desired DNA sequence and provide activation or repression of a gene of interest. The factors include zinc finger proteins, transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), and the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these DNA targeting tools in the context of the light-inducible gene regulation systems.
ЦЕНОВЫЙ ФАКТОР ПРИ ИМПОРТЕ ДЕФИЦИТНЫХ ВИДОВ МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ
Authors: (Grigory Yu. Boyarko) Боярко Григорий Юрьевич , (Vitaly Yu. Khatkov) Хатьков Виталий Юрьевич
Published: March 2019

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью изучения влияния фактора цены на товарные потоки российских импортозависимых минеральных продуктов. Цель работы: изучение изменений мировых цен на импортозависимые минеральные продукты; определение видов имортозависимого минерального сырья, объемы и доли импорта которых зависят от ценового фактора. Методы: статистический, графический, логический. Результаты. За период 1996–2016 гг. выросли мировые цены на следующие импортозависимые минеральные продукты: цинковый концентрат, барит, графит, олово рафинированное, хлорид натрия (каменная соль), бентонит, сода, цирконовый концентрат, глинозем, плавиковый шпат, хромовый концентрат, полевой шпат, диоксид титана (титановый пигмент), бокситы, каолин и огнеупорные глины. Мировые цены снизились на рутиловый концентрат и борную кислоту. Выгодность импортных поставок товарных минеральных продуктов с ценами ниже мировых очевидна, но только при условии стабильности их поставок. Но при этом вероятно быстрое прекращение импортных поставок. Определенную тревогу вызывает группа полной импортозависимости с ценами ниже мировых – марганцевые руды, марганец металлический, плавиковый шпат и феррониобий, поставки которых могут быть прекращены по неэкономическим (политическим) причинам. Необходимо создание национальных добывающих производств, хотя бы частично закрывающих дефицит этих товаров. Ценовый фактор действует, стимулируя при высоких мировых ценах снижение объемов импорта бокситов, бентонита, соды и молибденового концентрата и увеличение импортозависимости при снижении мировых цен для цинкового концентрата и полевого шпата. Выделяется группа товарных видов минерального сырья с импортными ценами на уровне мировых, изменения объемов импорта которых регулируется неценовыми факторами – олово рафинированное, ферровольфрам, бура, силикомарганец, ферромарганец, графит и ферромолибден. В критическую группу с преобладанием неценовых факторов входят также импортозависимые продукты: вольфрамовый концентрат, борная кислота, хлорид натрия (каменная соль), хромовый концентрат, феррохром, диоксид титана (титановый пигмент).
КАРБОНАТНЫЕ КОРЫ НА ФАСАДАХ ЗДАНИЙ И СООРУЖЕНИЙ ГОРОДА ТЮМЕНИ: РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ И ФАКТОРЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: (Andrey A. Novoselov) Новоселов Андрей Андреевич , (Alexander O. Konstantinov) Константинов Александр Олегович
Published: March 2019

Актуальность работы. Карбонатные коры, наросты и выцветы, формирующиеся на фасадах различных зданий и сооружений в результате выщелачивания компонентов строительных материалов, таких как цемент, бетон, известняк, являются наиболее распространенными видами техногенного минералообразования в условиях городской среды. В отличие от непрочных сталактитов и сталагмитов, формирование которых наблюдается только в определенных условиях, подобные образования широко распространены. Развитие карбонатных кор, наростов и выцветов на фасадах зданий не только свидетельствует о процессах разрушения связующих компонентов строительных конструкций, но и оказывает негативное воздействие на эстетическую привлекательность объектов городской архитектуры. Натёчные образования кальцита заполняют микротрещины и неровности поверхностей облицовочных материалов, что приводит к интенсификации процессов разрушения и требует проведения дорогостоящих мероприятий по очистке фасадов. Исследования, посвященные изучению карбонатных новообразований на фасадах различных зданий и сооружений, немногочисленны. Цель работы: выявление особенностей минерального состава, строения и возможных механизмов образования карбонатных кор и натеков, формирующихся на фасадах зданий и сооружений города Тюмени в различных условиях; определение факторов, способствующих данному явлению. Методы: выявление и систематизация объектов городской архитектуры, подверженных процессам формирования карбонатных новообразований, поляризационная и инвертированная микроскопия в прозрачных шлифах, СЭМ-ЭДС, рентгеноструктурный анализ. Результаты. Карбонатные коры и натеки существенно различаются по особенностям строения, минеральному составу и вероятным механизмам формирования в зависимости от конкретного местоположения. Четко разделяются коры, развивающиеся на вертикальных и горизонтальных поверхностях: первые – плоские, достаточно тонкие и имеют слоистую структуру, вторые – плотные и характеризуются глобулярным строением. Формирование карбонатных новообразований происходит при значительном участии живых организмов, а процессы биогенного осаждения кальцита происходят синхронно с хемогенным. Четких связей между возрастом или местоположением конкретных объектов и интенсивностью формирования карбонатных кор не выявлено; соответственно данный процесс скорее обусловлен конструктивными особенностями конкретных сооружений и качеством строительных материалов.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО ВЫСОКРЕМНИСТОГО АЛЮМОСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО СЫРЬЯ В ГЛИНОЗЕМНОМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Authors: (Maxim A. Ivanov) Иванов Максим Анатольевич , (Vyacheslav I. Pak) Пак Вячеслав Игоревич , (Anton Yu. Nalivayko) Наливайко Антон Юрьевич , (Alexander S. Medvedev) Медведев Александр Сергеевич , (Sergey S. Kirov) Киров Сергей Сергеевич , (Galina G. Bozhko) Божко Галина Геннадьевна
Published: March 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена ограниченными запасами в нашей стране низкокремнистого алюмосодержащего сырья для производства металлургического глинозема по способу Байера. Поэтому руководство глиноземных комбинатов закупает данное сырье за рубежом (Гвинея, Бразилия, Ямайка). Стоимость транспортировки данного сырья с каждым годом становится все дороже и дороже, что повышает себестоимость металлургического глинозема. Также не стоит забывать о политических рисках, что еще больше усугубляет данную проблему. Следовательно, необходим переход на использование отечественного высококремнистого алюмосодержащего сырья, менее качественного, однако его запасы, находящиеся в непосредственной близости от глиноземных комбинатов, составляют сотни миллиардов тонн. Цель: исследование отечественной рудной базы высококремнистого алюминий содержащего сырья, определение первоочередных сырьевых источников и их месторождений, изучение характеристик сырья для оценки возможности его использования для производства металлургического глинозема. Объект: высококремнистые алюмосодержащие каолиновые глины сибирских месторождений. Проведенные исследования. Выполнен химический, фазовый, гранулометрический, микроструктурный, микрорентгеноспектральный и термогравиметрический анализы каолиновой глины Трошковского месторождения. Результаты. Анализ отечественной рудной базы позволил выявить наиболее крупные месторождения высококремнистого алюминиевого сырья, пригодного для получения металлургического глинозема. Установлено, что наиболее перспективным является Трошковское месторождение. Преимуществами данного месторождения являются огромные запасы высококремнистого алюмосодержащего сырья, высокая степень изученности месторождения и благоприятные инженерно-геологические условия. Проведенные исследования каолиновой глины Трошковского месторождения позволили сделать вывод, что глина данного месторождения может быть использована для получения металлургического глинозема по кислотно-щелочной технологии.
Effects of food restriction on energy metabolism in male Apodemus chevrieri from Hengduan mountain region of China
Authors: Zhu Wan-long , Chen Li-xin , Gong Xue-na , Zhang Hao
Published: March 2019

To investigate the relationship between the energy strategies in response to food restriction and the levels of metabolism in small mammals, body mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity were measured in Apodemus chevrieri that were subjected to different levels of food restriction (FR). The results showed that cold-exposed group had significantly increased RMR and NST, but decreased body mass and survival rate after being restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake compared with their counterparts maintained at room temperature. A. chevrieri with higher RMR consumed higher food intake than individuals with lower RMR, whereas no differences were observed in body mass and survival rate between two groups after being restricted to 80% of ad libitum food intake. The results suggest that A. chevrieri characterized by higher levels of metabolism are sensitive to periods of FR, providing a support for the “metabolism switch hypothesis”.
Studies on productive performance of Red Kandhari cattle in their breeding tract of Maharashtra
Authors: Bainwad D.V. , Thombre B.M. , Londhe G.K.
Published: March 2019

The productive performance of Red Kandhari cattle were studied at different locations in the breeding tract. The idea behind the collection of data in breeding tract of Red Kandhari cattle from the farmers and breeders herd of Red Kandhari rather than on the organized farm to obtain the real picture of productive performance of breed in the breeding tract. The productive traits often help in judging the economic value of the animal. The overall least square means for lactation milk yield (LMY) of Red Kandhari cattle was recorded as 417.28 + 1.09 kg. The effect of block and season were found significant to highly significant on LMY whereas, the effect of colour was found non-significant. The overall least square means for peak milk yield (PMY) of Red Kandhari cattle was recorded as 2.63 + 0.01 kg. The effect of block, colour and season were found non-significant on PMY. The overall least square means for days to reach peak milk yield (DRPMY) of Red Kandhari cattle was recorded as 39.48 + 0.09 days. The effect of block, colour and season were found non-significant on DRPMY. The overall least square means for lactation period (LP) of Red Kandhari cattle was recorded as 242.64 + 0.46 days. The effect of block was found highly significant on LP whereas, the effect of colour and season were found non-significant. The overall least square means for dry period (DP) of Red Kandhari cattle was recorded as 180.79 + 0.56 days. The effect of block and colour were found non-significant on DP whereas, the effect of season was found significant. The improvement in productive characteristics of indigenous breeds has become essential to make the economically viable dairy animals.
Autologous platelet rich plasma for regeneration of tendon injuries in horses
Authors: Roshini S.Tina , Arunprasad A. , William B.Justin , Jeyaraja K. , Priyadharshini K.
Published: March 2019

Digital flexor tendon injuries are the most common cause of early retirement and economic loss in the equine industry due to the poor healing tendency of the tendons. This study was conducted to improve the quality of tendon healing by using Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma incorporated collagen scaffold. Using ultrasound guidance, autologous Platelet Rich Plasma with and without collagen scaffold was engrafted intra-lesionally into 12 affected digital flexor tendons of 11 horses and healing was assessed periodically. Lameness score decreased in all the horses and the therapeutic outcome of intra-lesional engraftment of Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma with collagen scaffold was found to be superior in terms of clinical outcome, ultrasonographic and biochemical assessment. Ultrasonography served as an effective tool for diagnosis and for evaluation of healing tendon injuries.
Effect of Strelitzia nicolai seed arils containing bilirubin on Sprague Dawley rats
Authors: Dwarka Depika , Singh Sanil , Thaver Veneesha , Baijnath Himansu
Published: March 2019

The discovery of the only human pigment bilirubin in the arils of Strelitzia nicolai, has opened up a new avenue in medical sciences. Previously, bilirubin was regarded as a toxic compound. Conversely, current case studies show somewhat pre-eminent levels of bilirubin in the body can act as a powerful antioxidant. This study attempted to provide a basis for identifying potential acute toxicities related to arils that comprise bilirubin. Twelve Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group A was the control and was administered 1% Tween 20. The other groups were orally dosed with the seed aril extract (250ìg/ml/kgbwt) once a day. After 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours one experimental group and the control were sacrificed. Haematological and histological studies indicated a possibility of kidney damage. However, the possibility of the extract causing this damage can be ruled out because this trend was seen in the control groups as well. This study reveals that an acute trial is insufficient in order to determine the toxicity of this extract. Further chronic studies need to be carried out.
Optimization of operational parameters for mechanized harvesting of mung-bean (Vignaradiata (L.) Wilczek) with combine harvester
Authors: Dogra Baldev , Kumar Dinesh , Dogra Ritu , Bains T.S. , Manes G.S
Published: March 2019

The present study was aimed at optimizing operational and crop parameters influencing the mechanized harvesting and threshing of mung-bean crop with combine harvester. Two varieties of summer mung-bean SML-668 and SML-832 and one variety of kharif mung-bean ML-818 were selected for the study. Concave clearance was kept as 25 mm at front side and 10 mm from rear side. The height of cut the crop ranged from 8-9.5 cm. Threshing efficiency was more than 98% at cylinder peripheral speeds C3 and C4 in all varieties except SML-832. The percent grain damage was higher for higher cylinder peripheral speed and lower for higher forward speed. The grain damage ranged from 1.54 – 3.22 percent for C1, C2 and C3 cylinder peripheral speed in all crop varieties. Peripheral speed of 18.91 m/s and forward speed of 1.5 km/h was found to be optimum for harvesting mung-bean with combine harvester for all crop varieties.
Time series change in pulse scenario in India with special reference to Haryana
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Dutt Ishwar
Published: March 2019

Pulses are an important ingredient of the vegetarian diet of Indian masses. Pulses are a major source of protein predominantly among Indian vegetarian people making their diets more balanced and nutritive. In this study, analysis has been done to help out the researcher and policy makers to take decisions regarding future initiatives and programmes. In India during 2016-17 pulses were grown over an area of 29.27 million hectare producing 22.4 million tones with yield of 765 kg / per hectare. The cropping area of pulses in Haryana as compared to India is almost decreasing. The trend of contribution of pulses by Haryana at national level is also decreasing which reduces from 0.81 million tons in 1970-71 to 0.06 million tons in 2016-17. In India, about 5.63 to 10.90 percent share of food grains production is pulses. The percentage growth rate in the cropped area as well as in production of total pulses in India shows much fluctuation but serious downfall Haryana. The cropped area, production and productivity of total pulses in India shows positive trend from 10th Five Year Plan, however it is found reverse in Haryana. The highest per capita availability of pulses in a 1971-72 which was 51.22 grams per day and the lowest per capita availability of pulses in 2003-04 i.e. 10.6 grams per day in India.
Morpho-Physiological responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars to drought stress
Authors: Kýymaz Sultan , Beyaz Ramazan
Published: March 2019

Common bean (P. vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume in the diet of people and drought stress causes severe yield loss in this crop. This study was conducted to investigate morpho-physiological responses, yield and WUE of four common bean (P. vulgaris L.) cultivars (namely : “Sarýkýz”, “Sazova”, “Kýrk günlük”, and “Gina”) under different (I1.00: 100%-control of field capacity, I0.75: 75% of field capacity and I0.50: 50% of field capacity) water regimes. The investigation was conducted in a pots and experiments were carried out randomized plot design with ten replicates. The results of this investigation show that yield, yield components, LRWC, leaf area and chlorophyll contents were reduced, while WUE increase depending on the different water regimes in all cultivars. Consequently, cv. “Gina” may have the potential to be used in drought areas.
Degrees of adequacy: the disclosure of levels of validity in language assessment
Authors: Weideman Albert
Published: March 2019

The conceptualization of validity remains contested in educational assessment in general, and in language assessment in particular. Validation and validity are the subjective and objective sides of the process of building a systematic argument for the adequacy of tests. Currently, validation is conceptualized as being dependent on the validity of the interpretation of the results of the instrument. Yet when a test yields a score, that is a first indication of its adequacy, or validity. As the history of validity theory shows, adequacy is further disclosed with reference to the theoretical defensibility (“construct validity”) of a language test. That analogical analytical disclosure of validity is taken further in the lingually analogical question of whether the test scores are interpretable, and meaningful. This paper will illustrate these various degrees of adequacy with reference mainly to empirical analyses of a number of tests of academic literacy, from pre-school level tests of emergent literacy, to measurements of postgraduate students’ ability to cope with the language demands of their study. Further disclosures of language test design will be dealt with more comprehensively in a follow-up paper. Both papers present an analysis of how such disclosures relate to a theoretical framework for responsible test design. Grade van toereikendheid: die ontsluiting van vlakke van geldigheid in taaltoetsing Opsomming Om geldigheid te konsepsualiseer bly 'n betwiste saak in opvoedkundige meting in die algemeen, en in taalassessering in die besonder. Geldigmaking en geldigheid kan respektiewelik opgevat word as die subjektiewe en objektiewe kante van die sistematiese argument wat gevoer kan word vir die toereikendheid van toetse. Tans word geldigmaking gekonseptualiseer as afhanklik van die interpretasie van die resultate van die instrument. Tog is dit so dat wanneer 'n toets 'n punt oplewer, dit 'n eerste aanduiding is van sy geldigheid. Soos die geskiedenis van geldigheidsteorie ook aantoon, word daardie toereikendheid verder ontsluit met verwysing na die teoretiese regverdiging (konstrukgeldigheid) van 'n taaltoets. Daardie logies-analitiese ontsluiting van geldigheid word verder geneem in die analogies linguale vraag: Is die toetsresultate interpreteerbaar en betekenisvol? Hierdie artikel illustreer hierdie verskillende grade van geldigheid met verwysing na empiriese analises van toetse van akademiese geletterdheid, vanaf voorskoolse toetse van ontluikende geletterdheid tot by metings van nagraadse studente se vermoë om die eise van akademiese diskoers te hanteer. Verdere ontsluitings van taaltoetsontwerp word vollediger hanteer in 'n opvolgartikel. Beide artikels bied 'n analise van hoe sulke ontsluitings verband hou met 'n teoretiese raamwerk vir verantwoordelike toetsontwerp.
FILOSOFIE OP POTCHEFSTROOM DIE AFGELOPE EEU (1917-2017) Deel 4: Op die tweesprong?
Authors: van der Walt Barend
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT PHILOSOPHY AT POTCHEFSTROOM THE PAST CENTURY (1917-2017). Part 4: At the cross-roads? Three previous articles in this journal reviewed the history of philosophy at Potchefstroom from the beginning of the previous century up to about 2009. In this and the next contribution the writer, acting again as a fly on the wall, provides a peephole on the current situation at the end of 2017. As the subtitle suggests, it seems that Christian philosophy at Potchefstroom has arrived at the cross-roads. Different reasons, like the on-going secularisation of the North-West University have contributed to the situation. A cause for differences within the School of Philosophy may also be that lecturers from outside the tradition of a Reformational approach are critical about the traditional Christian philosophical approach of more than a century. Since his viewpoint is one clear example of such an alternative approach the academic training, publications and viewpoint of Prof Anné H. Verhoef will be investigated in detail in a last (fifth) contribution. The present article about the main contours of a Reformational approach in philosophy serves as a necessary background from which the philosophical theology of Verhoef will be analysed and evaluated in the conclusion of this series. SAMEVATTING In drie vorige artikels in hierdie tydskrif is die geskiedenis van filosofie op Potchefstroom vanaf die begin van die vorige eeu tot ongeveer 2009 behandel. In hierdie en die volgende bydrae bied die skrywer, weer ŉ vlieg teen die muur, ŉ volgende kyk op die huidige situasie teen die einde van 2017. Soos die subtitel van die huidige artikel aandui, wil dit voorkom asof die Potchefstroomse Christelike filosofie tans voor ŉ tweesprong te staan gekom het. Verskillende redes kan daarvoor aangevoer word, soos die voortgaande sekularisering van die Noordwes-Universiteit (NWU). ŉ Oorsaak vir die verskille binne die Skool vir Filosofie kan moontlik ook daarin gesoek word dat dosente van buite die tradisionele Christelik-Reformatoriese tradisie bygekom het en die denkgemeenskap van meer as ŉ eeu nie deel nie. As een voorbeeld van so ŉ alternatiewe visie sal die akademiese agtergrond, publikasies en standpunt van prof. A.H. Verhoef in ŉ laaste (vyfde) bydrae in besonderhede nagegaan word. Die huidige artikel oor die hoofkontoere van ŉ Reformatoriese wysbegeerte dien as agtergrond waarteen die filosofiese teologie van Verhoef in die slotartikel analiseer en evalueer sal word.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GLAUCOMA STUDY OUTCOMES USING HEIDELBERG LASER RETINAL TOMOGRAPHY (HRT 3) AND OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (RTVUE-100)
Authors: Lvov V. A , Fabrikantov O. L , Machekhin V. A
Published: March 2019

84 patients (150 eyes) with different studies of glaucoma, glaucoma suspects and healthy eyes were examined. Using HRT and OCT similar parameters of the optic disc, peripapillary retina and macula area were studied. Optical coherence tomography (RTVe-100 OCT) and Heidelberg laser retinal tomography (HRT-3) have almost the same opportunities for early diagnosis of glaucoma.
CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF USING CYCLOFERON IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE OPTIC NEURITIS ASSOCIATED WITH HERPESVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Povaliaeva D. A , Egorov V. V. , Smoliakova G. P , Danilova L. P
Published: March 2019

The clinical study involved 55 people aged from 17 to 36 years old with acute optic neuritis (ON) associated with HVI. Data analysis showed that more significant positive dynamics was noted in patients, who received additional muscle injections of Cycloferon. The method of etiotropic therapy at ON, associated with HVI, developed by us, allows to shorten recovery time and improve functional results of treatment.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SCLEROPLASTIC OPERATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH PROGRESSIVE MYOPIA WITH LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP. NEW POSSIBILITIES OF DRUG TREATMENT OF PROGRESSIVE MYOPIA
Authors: Trufanova L. P , Balalin S. V
Published: March 2019

There were performed a retrospective study of scleroplasty results in patients with progressive myopia (1282 eyes) and a prospective study of patients with myopia after scleroplasty (192 eyes). The age of patients is from 5 to 17 years, mean age is (12,5 ± 0,07) years. The observation period is from 1 to 7 years. The studies showed slowing rate of myopia progression after sclera operations in the majority of operated patients - in 92 % of cases. The maximum stabilizing effect of scleroplasty is observed one year after the operation. After 4 years and 7 years after operation the stabilizing effect is reduced. The combination of weakness of accommodation, constantly redundant tension of accommodation (CRTA) and finding intraocular pressure values in the upper normal range indicate the progression of myopia. The use of 0,005 % solution of Latanoprost (Prolatan) in the complex treatment of patients with myopia leads to normalization of intraocular pressure, increase of corneal hysteresis and rigidity index of corneoscleral membrane, as well as increase in the coefficient of accommodative response and decrease in the coefficient of the ciliary body microfluctuations.
Semiosis in Communication: Differences and Similarities
Authors: Drăgan Nicolae Sorin
Published: March 2019

In a world of global communication, where everyone’s life depends increasingly on signs, language and communication, understanding how we relate to otherness, to differences in all their forms and aspects becomes more and more relevant. Today, we often understand the differences in terms of adversity or opposition and forget the value of the similarities.
Ready for the Homeland
Authors: Damcevic Katarina , Rodik Filip
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes nationalistically motivated online hate speech on selected right-wing public Facebook pages in Croatia. The rise of historical revisionism and populism paved the way for the growing presence of hate speech, with the most salient example being the resurfacing of the World War II fascist salute Za dom spremni (“Ready for the Homeland”) across different communicative situations. We account for the online dynamic of Za dom spremni as well as for the most frequent expressions of xenophobia that accompany the salute by presenting data gathered between 2012 – 2017 using Facebook Graph API. From the total of 4.5 million postings published by readers, those containing Za dom spremni and its variations were filtered and followed by the frequency and prevalence of the accompanying notions. By relying on cultural semiotics, we highlight the socio-communicative functions of hate speech on two levels. Firstly, the notion of the semiosphere helps us illustrate how hate speech is used to reproduce the idea of Croatianness as the dominant self-description. Secondly, we examine how the dominant self-description maintains the boundary between us and the other by merging diverse textual fragments and how their perseverance depends on the communicative situations they enter online.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS FERRAMENTAS DA GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE PARA A GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NAS EMPRESAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA NA BASE DE DADOS SCOPUS
Authors: Zahaikevitch Everaldo Veres , Gura Andréia , Fonseca Maria Helena , Bittencourt Juliana Vitoria Messias , Francisco Antônio Carlos de
Published: March 2019

As ferramentas da gestão da qualidade podem auxiliar as empresas na busca pela excelência no desempenho das suas atividades e gerar vantagens competitivas, porém esse processo envolve pessoas e para que o sucesso da empresa seja constante é importante gerir o conhecimento. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma análise bibliométrica na base de dados Scopus referente ao tema “Contribuição das ferramentas da gestão da qualidade para a gestão do conhecimento nas empresas”. Foram efetuadas três buscas na base de dados delimitando os anos de 1995 a 2015, onde na primeira busca foram encontrados 4926 artigos, na segunda busca 498 artigos e por fim na terceira busca 80 artigos, dos quais apenas 21 encontravam-se na íntegra. Após a busca os artigos foram avaliados quanto ao número de publicações anuais, o maior número de publicações por países, periódicos que tiveram acima de 10 publicações no período delimitado, áreas que publicaram acima de 100 artigos e publicações classificadas por Universidades. Pode-se encontrar como resultados que apesar de aumentarem as publicações com o passar dos anos, as publicações relacionadas ao tema pesquisado ainda não atingem um número relevante.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA PERSPECTIVA POLITÉCNICA
Authors: Dos Santos Jomar Borges , Rosset Michele
Published: March 2019

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar dados referentes ao momento atual da pesquisa de mestrado em andamento no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – ProfEPT, no âmbito do Instituto Federal do Paraná – IFPR, intitulada Educação Física e Educação Profissional: contribuições na perspectiva politécnica. Para tanto, serão apresentados elementos referentes à revisão bibliográfica e documental realizadas até agora, tendo como base a Educação Física e a Educação Profissional no Brasil, no caso da revisão bibliográfica e no caso da análise documental. Além disso, são apresentadas as perspectivas de continuidade da pesquisa, com o intuito de contribuir para a relação entre a Educação Física e Educação Profissional, com base na perspectiva politécnica.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS: SALA DE AULA INVERTIDA - UM NOVO JEITO DE APRENDER
Authors: Rodrigues Lilian , CORRÊA EVANDRO ANTÔNIO , Santos Bruna , Padula Paz Daiane
Published: March 2019

Novos processos de informações, gerados, principalmente pela internet, fazem a diferença hoje entre os que sabem fazer escolhas (o conhecimento) e os que só sabem ver as informações. Fazer escolhas, analisar, comparar, ser competente é, portanto hoje, o maior desafio que vamos mostrar aos nossos alunos. Como escolher as respostas certas, relacionando-as entre milhares de informações que recebe para formular as perguntas certas, as questões importantes para gerar novas informações. A sala de aula invertida propõe a inversão completa do modelo de ensino. Sua proposta é prover aulas menos expositivas, mais produtivas e participativas, capazes de engajar os alunos nos conteúdos e melhorar a utilização do tempo e conhecimento do professor. A sala de aula invertida é uma estratégia de aprendizagem combinada com o objetivo de melhorar o envolvimento e os resultados do aluno. Com a tecnologia da informação e comunicação presente na vida dos indivíduos, é comum encontrar alunos que utilizam dispositivos eletrônicos, logo a escola não pode ficar afastada dessa realidade. Cabe então ao professor o papel de organizar sequências didáticas que tomem o material instrucional como base para, por meio de metodologias ativas, levar o aluno a refletir, analisar, aplicar, resolver problemas e casos de ensino. O objetivo desta revisão é realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica compreensiva sobre a sala de aula invertida, baseada em autores da área: BERGMANN, J.; SAMS (2016), BISHOP e VERLEGER (2013), MORAN (2014), VALENTE (2014), entre outros.
Analysis of acoustic insulation in traditional wooden architecture hotel building
Authors: Nering Krzysztof , Ziarko Bartłomiej , Stypuła Krzysztof
Published: March 2019

This paper presents evaluation of vibroacoustical requirements in the context of impact and airborne sound insulation in hotel building. This building represents traditional wooden architecture present in southern Poland. Similar structures can be found all around Europe in mountainous areas. Due to fact that there are little information about acoustic conditions of such buildings, this paper gives measured values of sound insulation of typical solutions used in this architecture. In order to define if requirements of current polish standard PN-B-02151-03:2015 for hotel buildings are met, impact sound level and airborne sound insulation of representative partitions were measured. Measurement conducted in presented building shows issues connected with non-sufficient airborne sound insulation of internal partitions – timber log walls. Due to its low mass and, in simplification, homogenous structure, its sound insulation is far from meeting requirements. Considering timber structural ceiling and reinforced concrete floor present in hotel building requirements of impact sound level and airborne sound insulation are met. The solution of weak acoustic conditions of walls is proposed as plasterboard pre-wall with mineral wool inside.
Parameter optimization design of rotor dynamic vibration absorber
Authors: Liu Zi Liang , Zhang Qin , Cao Yan Bo , Xu Qi , Yao Hong Liang , Wen Bang Chun
Published: March 2019

The dynamic vibration absorber, which is adopted to suppress the unbalanced vibration of rotor, is optimized for the optimal parameters in this paper. This paper proposes a parameter optimization method for dynamic vibration absorbers and seeks parameters of a dynamic vibration absorber with better vibration suppression performance. Firstly, the frequency response function of the dynamic vibration absorber-rotor coupling system is obtained by using the finite element method. Then, basing on the optimal mathematical model, the optimal design variables are solved with the adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm. Also, an example is used to prove the validity of the optimization design method mentioned in this paper. Further, in order to master the influence of deviation from the optimal value on the suppressing vibration effect, the vibration suppression performance changes of the dynamic vibration absorber whose parameters deviate from the optimal value are analyzed. The results show that: compared with conventional design method, this method is more superior; The dynamic vibration absorber with optimal parameters has better vibration suppression performance; At the same degree deviated from the optimal value, the stiffness has a more remarkable influence on the vibration suppression performance than damping for suppressing the first resonance; For the dynamic vibration absorber which is adopted to suppress the fixed-frequency vibration, the influence of stiffness deviation on the vibration suppression performance appears an obvious interval which is related to working speed.
Selection of the oil-free bearing system for a 30 kW ORC microturbine
Authors: Breńkacz Łukasz , Żywica Grzegorz , Bogulicz Małgorzata
Published: March 2019

The article discusses results of the analyses of various bearing systems for the rotor of an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) microturbine with an electric power of 30 kW. It is impossible to choose the appropriate bearing system taking into account only basic parameters of the bearings. When designing a new power turbine, it is important to conduct the dynamic and strength analysis of the entire rotor-bearings-supporting structure system. The nominal rotational speed of the newly designed single-stage axial-flow turbine is 40,000 rpm. The turbine will be powered using the vapour of a low-boiling working medium. The chosen working medium cannot be used in combination with all materials that are commonly used for turbine constructions. An additional requirement was that the turbogenerator must be oil-free. The temperature of the working medium directed to the rotor blades could exceed a value of 200 °C. Three bearing systems were considered: bearings lubricated with a low-boiling fluid (in the liquid form), gas bearings lubricated with the vapour of a low-boiling medium and rolling bearings. Since the rotors used in those three systems have different geometries, their dynamic properties vary as well. The rotor dynamics analyses were carried out using computer programs belonging to the MESWIR environment, which had been developed at the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IMP PAN) in Gdańsk. The computational model, based on the finite element method, was used to prepare graphs on which are presented vibration amplitudes as functions of the rotational speed. The computational model, based on the finite element method, served to perform calculations on the basis of which graphs presenting vibration amplitudes as functions of the rotational speed were prepared. Moreover, vibration trajectories of individual nodes of the computational model were shown. Besides analyses of the bearings themselves, calculations were also carried out to assess the dynamic properties of the rotors supported by those bearings in a wide range of rotational speeds. As a result of the conducted analyses, the concept of an innovative turbogenerator was created. Its rotor can operate at a very high rotational speed, and the bearings do not require oil lubrication.