bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A. YA. ZAKS, TEACHER OF THE TVER WOMEN'S TEACHER'S SCHOOL NAMED AFTER P. P. MAKSIMOVICH, IN THE AUTO-BIOGRAPHIC MEMORY OF A. M. NIKOLSKAYA
Authors: Белова Анна Валерьевна
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена восстановлению неизвестных деталей исторической биографии преподавателя Тверской женской учительской школы имени П.П. Максимовича и Тверского педагогического института, основоположника экскурсионной работы в СССР, организатора Института методов внешкольной работы Арта Яковлевича Закса. На основе исследования неопубликованных автобиографических документов Александры Михайловны Никольской анализируются неизвестные факты общественной и частной жизни педагога, выясняется сопряженность личного и исторического прошлого. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам источниковедческого потенциала женской автобиографической памяти, зафиксированной в эго-документах, гендерным особенностям памяти. В заключении делается вывод о том, что «количественная» достоверность женской социальной памяти, связанная с датировкой событий, может уступать «качественной» информации о реакции на произошедшее.

The article is devoted to the restoration of unknown details of the historical biography of the teacher of the Tver women's teacher's school named after P.P. Maksimovich and the Tver Pedagogical Institute, the founder of excursion work in the USSR, the organizer of the Institute of Out-of-School Work Methods Art Yakovlevich Saks. On the basis of a study of the unpublished autobiographical documents of Alexandra Mikhailovna Nikolskaya, unknown facts of the teacher's public and private life are analyzed, and the interconnection between the personal and historical past is revealed. Special attention is paid to the problems of source study potential of women's autobiographical memory, recorded in ego-documents, gender peculiarities of memory. In conclusion, it is concluded that the «quantitative» reliability of women's social memory associated with the dating of events may be inferior to the «qualitative» information about the reaction to the event.
EVERYDAY LIFE OF SCHOOLSTUDENTS P. P. MAKSIMOVICH
Authors: Ермишкина Ольга Константиновна
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются вопросы организации быта (жилье, питание, одежда) и досуга учениц школы П.П. Максимовича и их влияние на формирование мировоззрения будущих учительниц. Рассматривается процесс адаптации учениц к новым бытовым условиям, особенности социализации в новом коллективе. Отмечается, что трансформация бытовой культуры воспитанниц происходила под влиянием социально-культурной обстановки в городе и норм, принятых в школе: правильные и здоровые правила гигиены, неформальные, творческие традиции в постановке внеклассной работы, уникальная атмосфера взаимовыручки, поддержки, доверия между учителями и ученицами, разнообразные формы досуга. Формирование у воспитанниц новых правил и привычек в повседневной жизни сопровождало процесс трансформации их социальной роли и приобщения к традициям русского учительства Статья написана на основе материалов фонда редких книг Научной библиотеки ТвГУ, фонда школы П.П. Максимовича в Государственном архиве Тверской области, воспоминаний преподавателей и учениц школы.

The article discusses the issues of organizing everyday life (housing, food, clothing) and leisure of the schoolchildren of P.P. Maksimovich and their influence on the formation of the outlook of future teachers. The process of adaptation of schoolgirls to new living conditions, features of socialization in a new team are considered. It is noted that the transformation of the everyday culture of the pupils took place under the influence of the socio-cultural situation in the city and the norms adopted at school: correct and healthy rules of hygiene, informal, creative traditions in the organization of extracurricular work, a unique atmosphere of mutual assistance, support, trust between teachers and students, various forms of leisure. The formation of new rules and habits among the pupils in everyday life accompanied the process of transformation of their social role and introduction to the traditions of Russian teaching. The article was written on the basis of materials from the fund of rare books of the Scientific Library of Tver State University, the fund of the P.P. Maksimovich in the State Archives of the Tver Region, memoirs of teachers and schoolgirls.
P.P. MAKSIMOVICH SCHOOL AND THE EDUCATIONAL PRO-CESS IN RUSSIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Authors: Леонтьева Татьяна Геннадьевна
Published: December 2020

В статье прослеживается процесс развития и совершенствования школьного образования в Тверской губернии в связи с открытием и деятельностью в 1870-е гг. частной школы для подготовки учительниц. Показано, что в этот период объективно стоящие перед страной задачи интенсификации сельскохозяйственного производства основательно сдерживались косностью крестьянской массы. В этой связи актуализировалась проблема распространения в сельской среде знаний и навыков, способных преодолеть традиционную отсталость и морально «приподнять» основную массу производителей. Наиболее успешно действовать в этом направлении могли лица, тесно связанные с крестьянской жизнью. Под этим углом зрения рассмотрен вклад в образовательный процесс частной(затем - земской) учительской школы, открытой видным общественным деятелем П.П. Максимовичем.

The article traces the process of development and improvement of school education in the Tver province in connection with the opening and operation of a private school for wominteachers training in the 1870s. It is shown that during this period, the objective tasks facing the country to intensify agricultural production were thoroughly restrained by the inertia of the peasant mass. In this regard, the problem of spreading knowledge and skills in the rural environment that can overcome the traditional backwardness and morally «lift» the bulk of producers was updated. Only persons closely connected with peasant life were able to act successfully in this direction. From this point of view, the contribution to the educational process of a private (then - Zemstvo) school opened by a prominent public figure P.P. Maksimovich is considered.
MATERNITY HOUSE IN THE SOVIET CITY OF THE MIDDLE OF THE XX century: MEDICAL, SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGI-CAL AND MATERIAL-HOUSE ASPECT
Authors: Жидченко Александр Владимирович
Published: December 2020

Статья посвящена анализу роли родильного дома в жизни советской городской жительницы в 1950-1960-е гг. сквозь призму медицинского, социально-психологического и материально-бытового аспекта. В данный период происходит формирование нового образа родильного дома, связанного с представлениями о квалифицированной медицинской помощи, безопасностью родов, а также соответствующими церемониями и традициями при рождении ребёнка. Однако декларируемый официальной советской пропагандой образ родильного дома и реальное положение дел в городских роддомах не всегда соответствовали друг другу. В ходе соотнесения двух этих образов был выявлен ряд противоречий, которые формировали реальный облик и реальное место родильного дома в советском городе в 1950-1960-е гг.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the role played by a maternity home in the life of a Soviet urban resident in the 1950s-1960s. through the prism of medical, sociopsychological and material-everyday aspects. During this period, a new image of the maternity hospital is being formed, related to the notions of qualified medical care, the safety of childbirth, as well as the corresponding ceremonies and traditions at the time of the birth of the child. However, the image of the maternity hospital declared by the official Soviet propaganda and the real state of affairs in the city maternity homes did not always correspond to each other. During the correlation of these two images, a number of contradictions were identified that formed the real appearance and the real place of the maternity hospital in the Soviet city in the 1950s-1960s.
HEROISM AS AN IDEOLOGICAL CONCEPT OF STALIN’S ERA
Authors: Савин Андрей Иванович
Published: December 2020

Автор показывает, как большевики трансформировали в 1910-е - 1930-е гг. положение марксизма, согласно которому единственно важными акторами и героями истории являются народные массы. В период Гражданской войны большевики частично пересмотрели марксистские взгляды на роль героической личности в истории и начали процесс постепенной индивидуализация героев, первой формой которой стало формирование культа павших героев. Курс на индивидуализацию советских героев в годы Гражданской войны нашёл своё развитие в создании первых институциональных героев - кавалеров ордена Красного Знамени. Период нэпа знаменовался релятивацией концепта индивидуального героизма, и на роль героев в полном соответствии с марксистской догмой предлагались целые рабочие коллективы. В середине 1930-х гг. произошёл окончательный переход от догматической марксистской трактовки героизма к новаторскому для большевиков пониманию ключевой роли отдельных героев. По мнению автора, это было обусловлено необходимостью появления героев, персонально олицетворяющих социалистическое строительство и являющихися необходимыми примерами для выработки советской идентичности.

The article focuses on the origins of ideological concept of soviet heroism during 1910-1930s. Basing on the variety of literature data and archival sources, the article demonstrates how Bolsheviks have transformed one of the key statements of Marxism - that the only truly important actors and heroes of history are the masses. Pragmatic consequences of Civil War victory forced Bolsheviks to partially reconsider Marxist views on the role of heroic personality in history, and they started to gradually individualize the heroes. The first step was forming the cult, dedicated to Fallen Heroes. Individualization of soviet heroes during the Civil War logically resulted in the creation of first institutionalized heroes: recipients of the Order of the Red Banner. During NEP the concept of individual heroes began to change. During 1920s, egalitarian ideas once again began to triumph heroization of individual people. In full accordance with Marxist dogma, whole labor collectives were nominated as heroes. Transition from dogmatic Marxist understanding of heroism to innovative, for Bolsheviks, understanding of key role of distinct heroes finalized during 1930s, because of the necessity in heroes, who would personally embody social construction, while being absolutely necessary for emulation and the emergence of soviet identity.
LEGISLATION CONCERNING FOREIGNERS IN THE RUSSIAN EM-PIRE IN XVIIIth - FIRST QUARTER OF THE XIXth CENTURY
Authors: Кокорина Галина Алексеевна
Published: December 2020

Рассматривается положение иностранцев, находящихся на территории Российской империи. Проанализированы законодательные акты, связанные с приездом и условиями проживания иностранных подданных. Появившиеся, еще при Петре I, права и привилегии для иностранных специалистов, в дальнейшем, позволили им стать привилегированной ячейкой российского общества. Продолжательницей Петра I в деле развития правового положения иностранцев стала императрица Екатерина II. Рассмотрена политика веротерпимости, проводимая монархами, которая сочеталась и с тенденцией ограничения влияния католических священников на православное население. К концу XVIII в. в законодательстве сложились общие правила для иностранцев в отношении въезда, выезда, юрисдикции, владения имуществом и отправления религии.

The position of foreigners in the territory of the Russian Empire is considered. Legislative acts related to the arrival and living conditions of foreign nationals are analyzed. The rights and privileges for foreign specialists, which appeared under Peter I, allowed them to become a privileged cell of Russian society. The successor of Peter I in the development of the legal status of foreigners was the Empress Catherine II. The article considers the policy of religious tolerance pursued by monarchs, which was combined with the tendency to limit the influence of Catholic priests on the Orthodox population. By the end of the eighteenth century, legislation had established General rules for foreigners with regard to entry, exit, jurisdiction, possession of property and the exercise of religion.
KATA PENGANTAR SEURI ‘TERTAWA’ DALAM BAHASA SUNDA
Authors: Maemunah Emma
Published: December 2020

Sundanese is one of the languages that have interface words. Almost all Sundanese verbs have interface words which serve as an introduction to an activity. One of them is the verb seuri 'laugh' which has a lot of interface words. This study aims to describe the components of interface words of seuri 'laugh' in Sundanese and explain the semantic function of those interface words. The data interface words were obtained from the Sundanese dictionary and short stories written in Sundanese. This descriptive-qualitative study used paraphrasing and classification techniques. The results show that there are 18 lexemes of  seuri 'laugh' in Sundanese, they are barakatak, belengéh, bélényeh,cakakak, calakatak, cengir, ceukeukeuk, ceuleukeuteuk, cikikik, éléngéh, gakgak, gelenyu,  ger, gikgik, irihil, key, nyéh, dan séréngéh. The function of semantic interface words of seuri 'laugh' is to show happiness, show indulgence, endure shame, nervousness, awkwardness, pain, disgust, smell something bad, and laugh at something while joking and to show the nature of people who always smile.Bahasa Sunda merupakan salah satu bahasa yang memiliki kata pengantar. Hampir semua verba bahasa Sunda memiliki kata pengantar yang berfungsi sebagai pengantar suatu kegiatan. Salah satunya verba seuri ‘tertawa’ yang memiliki banyak sekali kata pengantar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan komponen makna kata pengantar seuri ‘tertawa’ dalam bahasa Sunda dan menjelaskan fungsi semantis medan makna kata pengantarseuri ‘tertawa’ tersebut. Data kata pengantar diperoleh dari kamus dan cerita-cerita pendek berbahasa Sunda. Penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif ini menggunakan teknik parafrase dan pengklasifikasian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 18 leksemkata pengantar seuri ‘tertawa’ dalam bahasa Sunda, yaitu barakatak, belengéh, bélényeh, cakakak, calakatak, cengir, ceukeukeuk, ceuleukeuteuk, cikikik, éléngéh, gakgak, gelenyu,  ger, gikgik, irihil,  key, nyéh, dan séréngéh. Fungsi semantis kata pengantarseuri ‘tertawa’ adalah untuk menunjukkan kebahagiaan, menunjukkan kemanjaan, menahan rasa malu, gugup, canggung, sakit, jijik, mencium bau tidak enak, atau, menertawakan sesuatu sambil bersenda gurau serta menunjukkan sifat orang yang murah senyum.
HTR6 and SSTR3 ciliary targeting relies on both IC3 loops and C-terminal tails
Authors: Barbeito Pablo , Tachibana Yuki , Martin-Morales Raquel , Moreno Paula , Mykytyn Kirk , Kobayashi Tetsuo , Garcia-Gonzalo Francesc R
Published: December 2020

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the most common pharmacological target in human clinical practice. To perform their functions, many GPCRs must accumulate inside primary cilia, microtubule-based plasma membrane protrusions working as cellular antennae. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying GPCR ciliary targeting remain poorly understood. Serotonin receptor 6 (HTR6) and somatostatin receptor 3 (SSTR3) are two brain-enriched ciliary GPCRs involved in cognition and pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease and cancer. Although the third intracellular loops (IC3) of HTR6 and SSTR3 suffice to target non-ciliary GPCRs to cilia, these IC3s are dispensable for ciliary targeting of HTR6 and SSTR3 themselves, suggesting these GPCRs contain additional ciliary targeting sequences (CTSs). Herein, we discover and characterize novel CTSs in HTR6 and SSTR3 C-terminal tails (CT). These CT-CTSs (CTS2) act redundantly with IC3-CTSs (CTS1), each being sufficient for ciliary targeting. In HTR6, RKQ and LPG motifs are critical for CTS1 and CTS2 function, respectively, whereas in SSTR3 these roles are mostly fulfilled by AP[AS]CQ motifs in IC3 and juxtamembrane residues in CT. Furthermore, we shed light on how these CTSs promote ciliary targeting by modulating binding to ciliary trafficking adapters TULP3 and RABL2.
Um retrato de aspectos históricos da formação de professores no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa De
Published: December 2020

A compreensão das possibilidades de ser professor dos primeiros anos da escolaridade requer entendimentos sobre a história da profissão e que não podem ser alheios às prescrições legais. Dessa maneira, compreender o(s) modo(s) que esse profissional vem se constituindo requer o estudo da legislação que, em cada época, revela novas perspectivas ou reforça características já consolidadas pela tradição. O presente artigo apresenta um caminho possível de retratar alguns aspectos históricos da formação do professor no Brasil, a partir do século XIX, com a criação das Escolas Normais no país, até o surgimento dos cursos superiores em Pedagogia, atualmente responsáveis pela formação de professores da Educação Infantil e dos primeiros anos do Ensino Fundamental. A leitura de documentos legais e pesquisas sobre o tema nos revelam traços de uma formação que sofreu muitas mudanças oriundas do cenário político, econômico e social das diferentes épocas vividas pelo país e que apresentou certo grau de descontinuidade relativamente aos seus objetivos.
O lúdico na EJA multisseriada e a avaliação de um recurso didático
Authors: Beraldi Gabriel Moreira , Mattos Francisco Roberto Pinto
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar dados recolhidos por meio de questionários semiestruturados em três turmas da EJA multisseriada de uma unidade da Escola SESI-RJ. Dessa forma, procuramos responder à seguinte pergunta de investigação: De que forma o uso de um recurso didático lúdico na EJA multisseriada pode favorecer a construção de conhecimentos acerca da filosofia escolar? Para tanto, foram adotados objetivos específicos a saber: construir uma sequência didática para aulas de Filosofia na EJA multisseriada; construir um jogo filosófico, a partir da análise dos dados obtidos em diário de campo; aplicar o jogo em sala de aula. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação realizada com 66 alunos de três turmas de Ensino Médio multisseriado da em modalidade EJA da Escola SESI-RJ. Os dados da aplicação do jogo foram recolhidos por meio de questionário semiestruturado e analisados por modelo de caráter qualitativo, cotejando com o referencial teórico que embasa este estudo. Os resultados apontaram para um desejo crescente desses alunos em terem aulas com metodologias inovadoras, sobretudo lúdicas, pois proporcionam aprendizagens na diversão e o desenvolvimento de competências sociais como a interação.
Tecnologias digitais para o ensino de paleontologia: análise de dispositivos móveis
Authors: Brasil Gabriela Dipicoli , München Silvia Vieira , Schwanke Cibele
Published: December 2020

A disseminação da cultura digital propiciou a ampliação do universo tecnológico, a extensão de novas metodologias educacionais e a inovação do conhecimento. As Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC) favorecem ambientes de ensino e de aprendizagem que, somadas às Metodologias Ativas (MA), oportunizam novas propostas didáticas que colocam o estudante como protagonista na construção de seu conhecimento. Hoje, as tecnologias estão presentes no ambiente escolar e no cotidiano dos alunos de diversas formas, sendo comum o uso do smartphone. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem por objetivo identificar aplicativos de dispositivos móveis (Apps) que abordem a temática paleontológica e analisar suas potencialidades educacionais. Como metodologia, adotou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza básica e viés exploratório, utilizando como base a pesquisa documental de Apps gratuitos e em idioma português, disponíveis na loja Play Store do sistema Android. Como resultados, foram encontrados quatro aplicativos a partir dos termos de busca utilizados: fóssil, paleontologia e tempo geológico, demonstrando uma expressiva carência de aplicativos nesta área. No entanto, considera-se que os aplicativos podem colaborar para aproximar a contextualização da temática paleontológica no ensino de Ciências e na sala de aula.
A arte e as demandas da educação do Século XXI
Authors: Almeida Bruno Gomes de
Published: December 2020

Um dos paradigmas vigentes na discussão sobre as necessárias mudanças na educação é a ideia de proporcionar experiências que viabilizem uma aprendizagem mais ativa para os estudantes, desenvolvendo e aprimorando competências fundamentais para suas vidas, como, por exemplo, autonomia, criatividade, empatia e colaboração. Capacidades que podem encontrar na experimentação artística uma importante aliada. Assim, o texto apresenta uma reflexão a respeito das contribuições possíveis entre a arte-educação e as demandas do Século XXI, sobretudo, através de uma ótica interessada em refletir sobre uma possível dimensão mais utilitária e prática da relação entre arte e educação. Isto é, o quanto as habilidades desenvolvidas pela arte-educação são das mais fundamentais para o mundo de hoje, perpassando dimensões cognitivas, intrapessoais e interpessoais. Desta forma, além de explicitar essas questões por meio de autores da arte-educação, também são apresentados exemplos de iniciativas de pesquisas e práticas educacionais que já evidenciam o quanto a imprescindível relação entre arte e educação é um dos assuntos mais relevantes para iniciativas que buscam promover uma aprendizagem mais ativa e significativa.
Aprendizagem visível de siderurgia para estudantes do curso técnico em metalurgia
Authors: Santos Luciano Miguel Moreira dos , Reis Orimar Batista dos , Silva Jeferson Rodrigues da
Published: December 2020

O uso de materiais manipulativos aplicados ao princípio de conservação da massa nos balanços siderúrgicos, mediante o desmembramento das moléculas dos componentes do minério, dos metais e da escória foi utilizado na quantificação da aprendizagem relacionada aos estilos de aprendizagem. Empregou-se uma metodologia de pesquisa mista, sendo majoritariamente quantitativa: verificação de estilos de aprendizagem por meio do Novo Índice de Estilos de Aprendizagem (N-ILS) e provas sobre balanço de massa para o cálculo de Tamanho de Efeito, conforme estabelecido pelo laboratório em Aprendizagem Visível, de Hattie. Entre os resultados obtidos, destaca-se o Tamanho de Efeito calculado para a prática pedagógica, que, em média, nas três turmas avaliadas, foi de 0,63. Valor superior ao referencial 0,40, considerado como uma intervenção média satisfatória e compatível com os valores de Tamanhos de Efeitos de metodologias semelhantes. Na parte qualitativa da pesquisa, realizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas nas quais foi possível compreender que os alunos perceberam a própria aprendizagem. Este estudo inovou ao calcular o Tamanho de Efeito aliado aos Estilos de Aprendizagem e contribui para o entendimento de práticas de aprendizagem colaborativas usando material manipulativo.
A importância do livro didático na integralização e aulas de Química em escola pública
Authors: Rocha Carlos Jose Trindade da , Farias Sidilene Aquino de
Published: December 2020

Nos atos de ensino do professor de Química, o livro didático (LD) é muito mais do que um simples instrumento de leitura e trata-se de um recurso já consolidado na escola. Neste âmbito, o principal objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a utilização do LD nas integralições de aula de Química de professores do ensino médio em escolas públicas na região amazônica. Para isso, com abordagem qualitativa e características descritivas, realizamos um recorte de pesquisa, selecionando dados de um professor (Pq1) e o que trabalhou a estequiometria no ensino de Química. Os resultados apontam para limitações formativas e instrumentais para estratégias de ensino que se aproxime ou se tornem potenciais para o ensino por investigação. Portanto, os docentes devem estar mais bem preparados para selecionar o LD, de modo a estabelecer uma definição do que ele representa, visando entender sua função em suas integralições de aulas de Química.
Potential impact of creative infusion on perceptions and behaviors of visitors: theory and evidence from tourism
Authors: Kunt Sinem , Gulcan Bilgehan
Published: December 2020

This study aims to synthesize creative infusion with the theory of inoculation. It is sought to reveal the potential impact of this synthesis’ application on the perceptions and behaviors of visitors. Relationships among variables are assessed using Solomon Four Group and Factorial Modeling based on experimental designs. The data are gathered from tourists (n = 451) at the Seven Churches sites (Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Sardis, Philadelphia, Thyatira and Laodicea) in Turkey. Model results indicate that perceived creative infusion has a significant impact on revisits and recommendations. This is the first study which examines the relationship between perception and behavior by synthesizing creative infusion with inoculation theory in the tourism literature. Furthermore, it is a new contribution to the tourism literature through its revealing that inoculation theory also works in synthesis with creative infusion in the field of destination marketing as previously shown in such fields as behavioral science, communication, marketing and social psychology.
The curse of Vagrancy in Pakistan
Authors: Ume Laila  , Najma Sadiq  , Tahir Mehmood  , Muhammad Farhan Fiaz
Published: December 2020

Poverty and Vagrancy are an interlinked phenomenon, and the boundaries are blur as to which one leads to the other. Among many social issues, Pakistan faces the challenge of homelessness to date. The ratio of vagrancy and beggars is higher in the poorer provinces, which leads to unavoidable and difficult circumstances. The terms Vagrancy and begging, often interchanged, are analyzed in the following study, in addition to the legal steps taken for curbing it – not through occasional police crackdowns, but rather through well-established mechanisms.
Organizational Performance and its Affect on Job Satisfaction
Authors: Najma Sadiq  , Ume Laila  , Tooba Rehan Haqqi  , Muhammad Ali
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to find the existing relationship between organizational performance and its effect on the level of job satisfaction. However, given the importance of employee satisfaction on corporate performance, many companies do not pay due attention to this problem due to the lack of understanding among senior management in these companies of its value and influence on the behavior and productivity of employees. In this study we have conducted a thorough research by interpreting results for calculating job satisfaction and finding relationship with organizational performance. This study uses exploratory approach and analyzes data numerically which was obtained by conducting a survey through random sampling.
The Assessment of Risk Management & Engineering Management Practices at Project Planning Phase on Performance of Construction Projects
Authors: Shahid Iqbal  , Nabeel Ehtisham  , Syed Farqaleet K. Bukhari  , Shahid Mahmood
Published: December 2020

Project Risk management is known as an important workout for the achievement of desired objectives for the construction projects. Success in construction project is quantified by attaining its enactment in terms of project quality, project cost, project time, project safety. Construction projects in Pakistan, typically in the whole world have a high risk of being pointedly late and over budget. However, a bit of schedule and cost related risks are unavoidable in any construction project around the world.

It was found out that the engineers were generally nominated earlier the design phase of any project. Due to this reason maximum projects did not get the advantage from SMEs at the planning stage of the project. This study also supports that project managers who are engineers be involved in construction projects site selection, in preliminary budget and schedule development by using good Engineering Management Practices.
Money Demand Balances and Exchange Rate Policy in Pakistan: An ARDL and Non-ARDL Analysis
Authors: Shazia Sana  , Shahnawaz Malik  , Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh  , Muhammad Hanif Akhtar
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the impact of exchange rate on the money demand balances in Pakistan by applying linear and non-linear ARDL approach. The purpose of study is not only examining the impact of exchange rate and demand for money but also to analyze that whether demand for money in Pakistan is stable or not. For the estimation of money demand function yearly data are used from the 1972 to 2019. The findings of linear ARDL suggest that exchange rate and demand for money balances are positively related. Moreover, Non-linear ARDL exhibit that positive and negative shocks in exchange rate have mixed findings for money demand while asymmetric test shows that exchange rate has symmetric effects for money demand. Stability test suggest the stable money demand in Pakistan.
INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PROSPECTS OF INCREASING RURAL LABOR COSTS IN RUSSIAN REGIONS
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, SVETLOV N.M.
Published: December 2020

The paper proposes the methodology for estimating the effect of climate change on the prospects of increasing agricultural workers’ wages and the stocks reserved for wages, providing this capacity is employed. The methodology relies on the scenario analysis, which is conducted using the economic model of partial equilibrium in the agricultural markets of Russia’s regions (federal subjects). The capability of increasing agricultural workers’ wages is measured by means of the shadow prices of regional agricultural labor resources. It has been found that in the majority of the federal subjects the wages in agriculture are economically reasonable and the same situation extends to the modelled warming scenario. However, 21 federal subjects are characterized by the unused capacity of wages increase in agriculture. The prevailing influence of climate warming on this capacity is negative for all but five regions (federal subjects), where the effect is opposite. The largest positive effect is possible in the Orel region and Zabaykalsky krai. The study entails two practical conclusions: it is recommended, first, to eliminate obstacles to the use of the existing capabilities for higher wages, including those that emerge due to the failures in risk management; second, to proactively respond to reduced demand in agricultural workers caused by warming via distributing the funds aimed at developing alternative labor and entrepreneurship opportunities according to the expected labor demand reduction in a particular region.
PRODUCTIVITY OF WHITE AND BROWN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA) DEPENDING ON THE SOWING PERIOD AND SEEDING RATE
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, ZHIRNYKH S.S.
Published: December 2020

The formation of high productivity of any agricultural crop largely depends on the sowing period and the seeding rate. It is generally accepted that mustard is less demanding as to the sowing period. However, the moist topsoil is more favorable for better development of the root system in an early sowing period, respectively, such crops will be easier to tolerate spring-summer drought.Mustard reacts very strongly to the seeding rate and, accordingly, to the nutritional area for plants, which is caused by its biological characteristics. So, for example, very dense and, on the contrary,rare crops will be unproductive. Based on this, field experiments to study the effect of sowing terms and seeding rates on the yield of aboveground mustard biomass were laid in 2017–2019 in the experimental fields of the Udmurt Scientific Research Institute of RAS UdmFRC UB. The author studied the formed productivity of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) – the Raduga variety, brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) – the Nika variety, depending on the sowing period – 1 (control), 2, 3 decades of May and the seeding rate – 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 (control), 3.5 and 4.0 million germinating seeds/ha. The study found that in the considered years, mustard seedlings got enough moisture with sufficient precipitation in May-June, as a result of which the sowing period of mustard did not significantly affect its yield. So, on average for the three studied years, the нушв of white mustard was 15.32–15.52 t/ha, brown mustard – 12.88–13.96 t/ha. The highest yield of both types of mustard was formed at a seeding rate of 3.0–4.0 million germinating seeds/ha, for white mustard – 15.64–17.11 t/ha, brown mustard – 13.66–14.85 t/ha.
GRIGORY MATVEEVICH LOZA AS AN OUTSTANDING SCIENTIST - AGRARIAN ECONOMIST AND VASKHNIL ACADEMICIAN
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, BAUTIN V.M.
Published: December 2020

The paper is dedicated to Grigory M. Loza, the outstanding scientist-agrarian economist,VASKhNIL academician, who made a great contribution to the development of domestic agricultural economics. The author emphasizes his role and outlines his activities carried out in Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy and in the VASKHNIL Department of Farm Production Economics and Organization.
Socio-economic risk factors of hypertension in the elderly
Authors: Tsygankova D. P. , Fedorova N. V. , Krivoshapova K. E. , Maksimov S. A. , Indukaeva E. V. , Shapovalova E. B. , Artamonova G. V. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To assess the frequency of detection of essential hypertension in persons aged over 60 years depending on the socio-economic risk factors.

Material and Methods. A total of 582 people aged 60 to 70 years were studied. All participants were surveyed to determine the level of education, income, professional affiliation, and family composition. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 6.0 software. The significance level for statistical hypothesis testing in the study was <0.05.

Results and Discussion. Hypertension occurred in 87.2% of rural residents and in 84.6% of urban residents (p = 0.429). This condition was diagnosed in 82.7% of men and 86.1% of women (p = 0.339). Regression analysis showed that holding a managerial position was associated with an increase in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 3.1 mmHg (p = 0.013). Formal marriage or common-law marriage was associated with an increase in mean SBP by 2.4 mmHg (p = 0.034) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 2.2 mmHg (p = 0.002). Living in rural areas was associated with decreased mean DBP by 1.66 mmHg (p = 0.015). The prevalence rates of hypertension were 90.5% in widows and 73.7% in women who had never been married (p = 0.031). No statistically significant differences were found between men with different marital status; however, the maximum prevalence of hypertension was observed among divorced men; the minimum prevalence was observed among widowers.

Conclusions. There was no difference in the frequency of detection of hypertension between urban and rural older adults. The highest prevalence of hypertension among women was observed in widows; the lowest prevalence was found in women who had never been married. Among men, the highest prevalence of hypertension was observed in divorced persons; the minimum prevalence was detected in widowers, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Artificial neural networks in prediction of atrial fibrillation in men with coronary artery disease
Authors: Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Dyachkov S. M. , Gorbatenko E. A.
Published: December 2020

Aim. The aim of the study was to select, based on mathematical apparatus of artificial neural networks (ANN), the most sen- sitive parameters for creating an ANN model aimed at prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) in men with coronary artery disease (CАD).

Material and Methods. The study focused on data of men from the register of coronary angiography with angiographically proven coronary artery disease: the main group comprised 180 men with AF; the comparison group comprised 713 men of comparable age without AF. The ANN mathematical model, a multilayer perceptron with one hidden layer, was used to assess the risk of AF. The initial group of patients was divided into three samples: the training, test, and control samples.

Results. Patients with AF were significantly less likely to be employed in budget organizations (55.0% vs 63.7%, p = 0.040) and more often showed higher (III–IV) heart failure NYHA classes (49.2% vs 21.1%, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (30.2 [27.4; 33.2] kg/m2 vs 29.0 [26.1; 32.3] kg/m2, p = 0.002), and higher echocardiographic indices of the left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass (163.7 [144.5; 192.4] g/m2 vs 143.9 [126.1; 169.0] g/m2, p < 0.001), left (25.8 [24.1; 29.1] mm/m2 vs 25.6 [23.9; 27.5] mm/m2, p = 0.020) and right ventricular dimensions, and the left atrial diameter (23.6 [21.7; 25.7] mm/m2 vs 21.1 [19.7; 22.7] mm/m2, p < 0.001). The group of AF patients had higher rate of hemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation (48.2% vs 14.1%, p < 0.001). In this group of patients, the index of aortic root dimensions (7.7 [16.4; 19.0] mm/m2 vs 18.3 [17.8; 20.0] mm/m2, р = 0.002) and LV ejection fraction (EF) were lower (49 [42; 56]% vs 56 [47; 60]%, p < 0.001); coronary calcification (23.2% vs 15.7%, p = 0.024 ) and proximal lesions of the right coronary artery (RCA) (28.3% vs 22.7%, p = 0.025) were detected more often. The final model, which included 10 parameters, had the diagnostic accuracy of 85%, sensitivity of 85%, and specificity of 86%.

Conclusion. Atrial fibrillation in men with coronary artery disease can be predicted by ANN model that takes into account the presence of significant mitral regurgitation, extra-budgetary employment, severity of heart failure, coronary calcification, proximal lesion of RCA, BMI, echocardiographic indexes of left heart, aortic root dimensions, and LV EF.
Software implementation for diagnostic decision-making based on multiparametric ultrasonography parameters of breast masses
Authors: Goncharova A. B. , Busko E. A.
Published: December 2020

Purpose. To build a system for making diagnostic decisions based on multiparametric ultrasound examination of the mammary gland.

Material and Methods. A total of 277 women with various complaints of breast diseases were examined using a wide range of ultrasound technologies, including elastography and contrast enhancement. To verify the lesions, the patients underwent histological or cytological examination. The results of ultrasound examination, histological and cytological conclusions were entered into the database. The system was trained with 219 patient samples selected from the database. The patient’s samples were grouped according to the visual ultrasound characteristics. The data groups’ analysis allowed the compilation of a table with relative frequencies (probability) of symptoms for this diagnosis. Based on the convolution and the Bayesian method, the system for support of the medical decision by age, clinical picture, and ultrasound diagnostics results were built. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for software implementation in the initial database.

Conclusion. The proposed decision support system allows us to determine the probability of malignancy and standardize decision-making in the differential diagnosis of breast masses.
Regulatory information: The principles and prospects of development at the stage of creating a single digital contour in health care
Authors: Starodubov V. I. , Sidorov K. V. , Zarubina T. V.
Published: December 2020

Aim. The aim of the study was to consolidate the principles and rules for building a regulatory and reference space based on the analysis of previous phases of implementation to prioritize the development and to create a single digital contour in health care.

Information sources. Data were obtained from the Regulatory Service at the Federal Registry of Regulatory and Reference Information (RRI), regulations of the Russian Ministry of Health in the field of information technology development, and the methodical and conceptual documents of the federal project “Creation of the integrated digital contour in healthcare based on the uniform state health information system”.

Results. The stages of creating a single system of regulatory and reference information in the health sector over the past decade were analyzed taking into account the continuity of goals and objectives consistently presented in the conceptual and strategic documents that define the process of creating unique state health information system, as well as the experience of their solution. The analysis allowed to formulate the basic principles of development, namely: central management, structural unity, functional unity, information unity, and prioritization of tasks. Consolidation of principles and rules provided the basis for a scientific and methodical approach to further development of a single RRI system at the stage of creating a single digital contour in health care and shaping priorities of the development.

Conclusion. At the stage of creating a single digital contour in health care, which has been approached by many countries, including Russia, the importance of a ubiquitous language of communication increases dramatically and, as the events associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have shown, the readiness of information systems directly determines the readiness of society to meet challenges and to protect the population.
Development of computer-based methodology for remote advanced training of medical doctors
Authors: Karas S. I. , Kolganov S. O. , Kochetkov S. B. , Grakova E. V. , Balakhonova M. V. , Datsyuk V. V. , Nozdrin G. K. , Sergeev M. V. , Kasinskaya E. S. , Kara-Sal E. E. , Arzhanik M. B. , Gabelko E. A. , Titova A. R.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To formulate the methodology for developing the interactive virtual computer simulations with a rating assessment of trainees’ decisions and the capability of remote access.

Material and Methods. The methods of knowledge engineering were used to extract and formalize expert knowledge about the structure, significance, and relevance of clinical diagnostic information. The materials for creating virtual computer simulations were based on texts from the archival medical records, laboratory data, and multimedia results of instrumental methods of study. A three-tier network architecture was applied to provide the capabilities of remote access. It was organizationally represented by three components: a client layer, a business logic layer, and a data layer. Data transfer was provided by the Web protocols while microservices represented the infrastructure.

Results. The information was formalized and structured after expert analysis and identification of significant diagnostic and prognostic data. The process included defining the domain model, identifying the aggregates and connections between them, and designing software and user interfaces. Possible solutions for trainees are now presented in the form of interactive reference lists. The artifacts of the user’s work are saved in the storage represented by the module for working with the server file system and the object-relational database management system. Each task module contains static and interactive blocks of information. The purpose of static blocks is to provide trainees with the necessary information for making clinical and diagnostic decisions. The interactive blocks allow selecting one or more solutions from the list. The content and sequence of further information presentation are determined by the trainees’ answers to the questions of an interactive block. Trainees’ decision-making competencies are evaluated using the rating system. The final personal rating is calculated as a multiplication of all coefficients related to the trainees’ decisions. This approach integrates a rating system with the trajectory chosen by the trainee for task completion.

Conclusions. The distance learning technologies, developed for clinical disciplines in this study, are quite new and innovative. The repository of virtual computer simulations is under development to improve the methodological support of remote clinical training.
Cloud decision support service in cardiology based on formalized knowledge
Authors: Gribova V. V. , Petryaeva M. V. , Shalfeeva E. A.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the service for support of diagnostic decision-making in cardiology. The general principles for the development and conceptual architecture of smart service and its information and software components are described. The features of diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cardiac diseases on the medical portal of the IACPaaS cloud platform are presented.
Antithrombotic therapy in patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation after direct myocardial revascularization
Authors: Kirgizova M. A. , Eshmatov O. R. , Bogdanov Yu. I. , Batalov R. E. , Popov S. V.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin as part of antithrombotic therapy (ATT), namely, to study the frequency of bleeding and thromboembolic complications in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after direct myocardial revascularization in combination with radiofrequency isolation of pulmonary veins.

Material and Methods. A total of 44 patients (36 men) aged 44–77 years (average age of 63.5 ± 7.8 years) with coronary heart disease, indications for direct myocardial revascularization, and AF were included in the study from 2014 to 2016. The observation period was 24 months.

Results. Warfarin was one of the components of ATT in 20 patients (48%). However, the target values of international normalized ratio (INR) within the therapeutic range for over 70% of the time were achieved only in seven patients. Two patients who were taking warfarin without achieving target INR values for 24 months suffered from ischemic stroke. One patient taking warfarin (without regular INR control) had gastrointestinal bleeding requiring hospitalization and conservative therapy; ten patients had minor bleedings (nasal and gingival bleeding). All patients, who suffered from thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications and had inadequate warfarin intake, were recommended to switch to direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). Thirteen patients (29%) were administered with DOAC: five patients took rivaroxaban 20 mg/day, four patients took dabigatran 300 mg/day, and four patients took apixaban 10 mg/day. DOAC therapy was administered in combination with one of the antiplatelet drugs (aspirin or clopidogrel). In the case of DOAC administration, only minor bleedings were observed: one patient had hemorrhoidal bleeding and four patients had nasal bleedings, which did not require hospitalization, medical intervention, or suspension of anticoagulant therapy. There were no other adverse events in patients taking DOAC.

Conclusions. Patients administered with DOAC as a part of antithrombotic therapy after coronary bypass surgery and surgical epicardial radiofrequency isolation of the pulmonary veins had lower incidence rates of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications compared with the rates in patients taking warfarin. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups due to the small sample size.