bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioacoustics characterization and habitat use of glass frogs in El Salvador
Authors: Álvarez Calderón Francisco Samuel , Henríquez Vladlen , Pocasangre Orellana Xochilt , Argueta Rivera José Guadalupe , Chica Argueta Erwin Arquímides
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Glass frogs occur from Mexico to South America, and, their taxonomy and distribution are currently debated. In El Salvador, the only species is thought to be Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni, but it may instead be Hyalinobatrachium viridissimum. In any case, the species is scarcely recorded and understudied. Objective: To estimate the species distribution in the Río Lempa basin, and to compare its call with available records. Methods: We used local volunteers to sample 53 sites in Cabañas and Morazán, El Salvador, during the rainy season (September to November); these were visited once in 2019 and once in 2020. Volunteers counted individuals along transects from 6 to 8 pm and recorded some calls with cell phones. Results: We counted 361 individuals, added 53 new localities (mainly deciduous broad-leaved forest and agricultural systems). Abundance was more related with elevation and forest cover, than with river characteristics. Our evaluation of 32 calls found differences in the peak frequency between these glass frog populations and those of H. fleischmanni and H. viridissimum comb. nov. Conclusion: Salvadorian glass frogs are more widespread than previously recorded, their distribution is more related with elevation and forest than with rivers types, and their taxonomic status remains unsolved.
Estudio de caso: Evaluación de riesgo por arsénico, en bajas concentraciones, para trabajadores agrícolas de Cartago, Costa Rica
Authors: Morales Mora Eric , Barrantes Jiménez Kenia , Beita Sandí Wilson , Chacón Jiménez Luz
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El arsénico, elemento que puede ser nocivo para la salud humana, es abundante en el ambiente. Fue una de las primeras sustancias reconocidas como cancerígenas y su presencia en el agua es común en América Latina. Sus niveles en fuentes de agua son relevantes para la toma de decisiones y control sanitario. Este estudio es el primero en América Latina con un modelo matemático de riesgo y carga de enfermedad. Objetivo: Evaluar la exposición a niveles bajos de arsénico en trabajadores agrícolas, de una cuenca costarricense, con esta nueva técnica. Métodos: Muestreamos arsénico en tres puntos a lo largo del río Purires, Cartago, entre septiembre de 2011 y agosto de 2012. Usamos estimaciones de “valor censurado”; evaluación de riesgos con modelos exponenciales cuadráticos y simulaciones de Monte Carlo para determinar el riesgo de cáncer, según tipo y vía de exposición durante el riego, para trabajadores agrícolas. Resultados: Las concentraciones no difirieron por sitio, pero fueron mayores en la época seca. El nivel de riesgo y la carga de enfermedad no fueron aceptables. La carga de enfermedad es un indicador más riguroso que el cálculo individual de probabilidad. Nuestro nivel de riesgo estimado es bajo en comparación con estudios hechos fuera de la región, pero no es comparable con trabajos anteriores en América Latina, basados en un método diferente. Conclusión: Hace una década, en la cuenca Purires, las concentraciones de arsénico eran más altas en la época seca y el nivel de riesgo y la carga de enfermedad no eran aceptables.
Implementation of the principles of financial governance in service companies
Authors: Fatmawatie Naning , Endri Endri
Published: September 2022

The principles of financial governance that can be used to guide the design of service organizations are accountability, efficiency, transparency, legitimacy, and inclusiveness (Lockwood, Davidson, Curtis, Stratford, & Griffith, 2010). Financial governance mechanisms are also important for institutions for business continuity (Gennaro & Nietlispach, 2021). This study aims to analyze the principles of financial governance of companies traveling for Hajj and Umrah services. The research uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological method that describes and gives meaning to the data. Data were obtained through interviews with the president’s director, director of operations, and finance department. Based on the results of data analysis, it shows that the five principles of financial management that become one unit can be implemented in the form of 1) binding and saving independently, guaranteeing the commitment of both parties; 2) determining packages and costs to facilitate Hajj pilgrims with various requests for facilities; 3) pay for departure, meaning that the company only receives payment after confirmation and schedule of departure; 4) bookkeeping is carried out on every financial transaction that has an impact on account changes; and 5) Infaq and empowerment as a form of redistribution of income and community welfare. The implementation of the five principles of financial governance from this study can be adopted for Hajj and Umrah travel agencies, especially in Muslim-majority countries.
A MOSQUE BUILT WITH THE ÇANTI TECHNIQUE IN ZONGULDAK/ÇAYCUMA: AKÇAHATİPLER VILLAGE MOSQUE
Authors: MISIRLI Arif
Published: September 2022

Wood has been the main traditional building material for centuries in the northern parts of Anatolia and has been used in different types of buildings. Mosques built with the “çantı technique”, which is defined as the wooden masonry construction system used in the Black Sea Region; although it is seen intensely in the region, it is among the cultural assets that are in danger of extinction due to the deterioration of the wooden material. Within the scope of this study, the çantı construction technique and the çantı mosque tradition in Anatolia are discussed, and the Çaycuma Akçahatipler Village Mosque, located in the Western Black Sea Region, has been examined. The study aims to reveal the characteristics of the period by making an architectural analysis of the Çaycuma Akçahatipler Village mosque, which is one of the examples of çantı mosques, and by examining both historically close and architectural features comparatively with similar examples.

In this study, qualitative research methods such as literature research and interviews with individuals were supported by fieldwork. With the findings based on photography, on-site measurements, drawings and observations, spatial and facade analysis of Çaycuma Akçahatipler Village Mosque were made and its structural features were mentioned. The building shows a rectangular plan without a portico, developing in the direction of the north-south axis perpendicular to the mihrab wall. The corner connections of the building were constructed using the “kurtboğazı” technique, by the general situation. While the building draws attention with its monumental dimensions, it is important in terms of presenting an example of a çantı mosque located in the Western Black Sea Region and preserved until today. This study is a preliminary documentation study to increase the visibility of the structure and ensure that it is protected. It is also known that the “çantı” construction system is used not only in mosques but also in residential architecture in the village. It can be stated that the “çantı” construction system, which is a product of the 7000-year-old wooden construction tradition, is also extremely important in terms of historical continuity, with its use in buildings serving different functions in Akçahatipler Village.
The calculation and optimal allocation of transmission capacity in natural gas networks with MINLP models
Authors: Bu Yaran , Wu Changchun , Zuo Lili , Chen Qian
Published: September 2022

The transmission capacity of gas pipeline networks should be calculated
and allocated to deal with the capacity booking with shippers. Technical
capacities, which depend on the gas flow distribution at routes or
interchange points, are calculated with a multiobjective optimization
model and form a Pareto solution set in the entry/exit or point-to-point
regime. Then, the commercial capacities, which can be directly applied
in capacity booking, are calculated with single-objective optimization
models that are transformed from the above multiobjective model based on
three allocation rules and the demand of shippers. Next, peak-shaving
capacities, which are daily oversupply or overdelivery amounts at inlets
or deliveries, are calculated with two-stage transient optimization
models. Considering the hydraulic process of a pipeline network and
operating schemes of compressor stations, all the above models are
mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems (MINLPs). Finally, a case
study is made to demonstrate the ability of the models.
A comparison of central-tendency and interconnectivity approaches to clustering multivariate data with irregular structure
Authors: Tozer Mark , Keith David
Published: September 2022

Abstract Questions: Most clustering methods assume data are structured
as discrete hyper-spheroidal clusters to be evaluated by measures of
central-tendency. If vegetation data do not conform to this model, then
vegetation data may be clustered incorrectly. What are the implications
for cluster stability and evaluation if clusters are of irregular shape
or density? Location: Southeast Australia Methods: We define
misplacement as the placement of a sample in a cluster other than
(distinct from) its nearest neighbour and hypothesise that optimising
homogeneity incurs the cost of higher rates of misplacement. The
Chameleon algorithm emphasises interconnectivity and thus is sensitive
to the shape and distribution of clusters. We contrasted its solutions
with those of traditional non-hierarchical and hierarchical
(agglomerative and divisive) approaches. Results: Chameleon-derived
solutions had lower rates of misplacement and only marginally higher
heterogeneity than those of k-means in the range 15–60 clusters, but
their metrics converged with larger numbers of clusters. Solutions
derived by agglomerative clustering had the best metrics (and divisive
clustering the worst) but both produced inferior high-level solutions
clusters to those of Chameleon by merging distantly-related clusters.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that Chameleon may have an advantage
over traditional algorithms at when data exhibit discontinuities and
variable structure, potentially producing more stable solutions (due to
lower rates of misplacement), but scoring lower on traditional metrics
of central-tendency. Chameleon’s advantages are less obvious in the
partitioning of data from continuous gradients, however its graph-based
partitioning protocol facilitates hierarchical integration of solutions.
Frequency adaptive wavelet pyramid for noisy machinery fault diagnosis with multiple sensors
Authors: Tian Aosheng , Zhang Ye , Ma Chao , Chen Huiling , Zhou Shilin , Sheng Weidong
Published: September 2022

The fusion of multiple monitoring sensors is crucial to improve the
accuracy and robustness of machinery fault diagnosis. However, existing
fault diagnosis methods may underestimate the interference of noise in
the multi-sensor fusion process, leading to unsatisfied performance. To
handle this problem, this paper proposes a deep model based on the
frequency adaptive wavelet pyramid. First, an adaptive frequency
selection strategy is designed to prune the seriously polluted
frequencies and only retain some key frequencies. Then, the
self-attention mechanism is used to perform information fusion on the
selected frequency bands of different sensors. Finally, a wavelet fusion
pyramid is adopted by repeating the fusion process at multiple wavelet
decomposition levels. In this way, different sensors can be fused in a
more fine-grained manner. The experimental results on two
multi-sensor-based fault diagnosis datasets demonstrate the anti-noise
capability of our proposed method.
Aerial roots elevate indoor plant health: physiological and morphological responses of three high-humidity adapted Araceae species to indoor humidity levels
Authors: Rasmussen Amanda , Sheeran Laura
Published: September 2022

Heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a global increase in
urban greenspace appreciation. Indoor plants are equally important for
improving mental health and air quality but despite evolving in humid
(sub)tropical environments with aerial root types, planting systems
ignore aerial resource supply. This study directly compared nutrient
uptake preferences of aerial and soil-formed roots of three common
houseplant species under high and ambient relative humidities. Growth
and physiology parameters were measured weekly for Anthurium
andreanum, Epipremnum aureum and Philodendron scandens grown in
custom made growth chambers. Both aerial and soil-formed roots were then
fed mixtures of nitrate, ammonium and glycine, with one source labelled
with N to determine uptake rates and maximum
capacities.Aerial roots were consistently better at nitrogen uptake than
soil roots but no species, root type or humidity condition showed a
preference for a particular nitrogen source. All three species grew more
in high humidity, with aerial roots demonstrating the greatest biomass
increase. Higher humidities for indoor niches, together with fertiliser
application to aerial roots will support indoor plant growth. We discuss
how these conditions and growth outcomes will further improve air
pollution reductions and human comfort, mental and physical health.
Disease Perception and Coping Style of Patients with Diastasis Recti Abdominis Using the Biopsychosocial Model: An Interview Study
Authors: WU Lina , Lu Xueqin , TU Qiongyao , WEI Tingting , HU Liyang , HUANG Mengyan , YOU Lianlian , Lu Zhongqiu , XU Hongbo
Published: September 2022

Objective：Discussing the influence of Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA)
on patients’ social, psychological, and biological experiences, It tries
to direct the patients’ attention to DRA. Meanwhile, how patients deal
with DRA is summarised to provide effective measures to help them,
provide reference for medical staff in managing DRA. Design: An
observational and descriptive study design Setting: Zhejiang Province,
China Sample：Female diagnosed with DRA. Methods: A purposive sampling
method was adopted when selecting female DRA participants for
semi-structured interviews based on their disease perception with the
Colaizzi seven-step analysis method being used for analysis. Main
outcome measure: DRA people’s perception and response to disease
Results: In the interviews, three themes, and 10 sub-themes, were
extracted 1) Inadequate disease perception (including a lack of
aetiology cognition, incomplete prevention knowledge, and insufficient
treatment knowledge), 2) The disease as a daily inconvenience (including
body image disorder, abdominal muscle weakness, poor pelvic floor
strength, backache, and a psychological burden), and 3) Varying
attitudes and management responses to DRA (including positive and
negative responses). Conclusion: Patients awareness of their DRA should
be improved to consider whether any of their physical or mental
discomfort experienced in daily life is related to this condition. DRA’s
management should be holistic and comprehensive— including a simple
symptomatic treatment— along with emotional, psychological, and
behavioural coping strategies. Tweetable Abstract: DRA is common among
women and has adverse effects on patients. The exploration of DRA helps
to promote disease perception of DRA and promote women’s health.
Nocturnal Synchronization and Synergy of Interactive Inhibitory and Stimulatory Systems Secondary to Light Dark Cycle Modulation Dictates Timing of Birth and Pregnancy Duration: A Hypothesis III
Authors: Hegazy Ali
Published: September 2022

Objective: The clock that measures the duration of pregnancy consists of
two interacting timers: an interval timer measuring the overall length
of gestation, and a circadian timer defining when within a 24-hour cycle
birth occurs, and they have not been definitively established or
systematically studied and our objectives to study pregnancy interval
and circadian timers. Design: Research Study Setting: Portiuncula
University Hospital, Ireland Population: N/A Methods: This study
investigated the current evidence-based literature and research that may
support our proposed hypothesis, accompanied by a 40-second 3D
animation. Main Outcome Measures: N/A Results: Gestation is divided into
five clinical phases, growth, maturation, transition, parturition, and
involution secondary to light-dark cycle modulation of the interactive
inhibitory and stimulatory systems. During the maturation phase (30-37
weeks), the inhibitory system transiently wears off due to cortisol
modulation. This occurs alongside the modulation of melatonin and
oxytocin, and the latter induces contractions of the stimulatory system,
resulting in nocturnal synchronization and synergy of the two systems
and causing the cervix to lose its strength by transforming it into the
lower uterine segment. Pregnancy interval and circadian timers are
achieved by a single mechanism, that is, exponential uterine wall
tension (EUWT) failure, secondary to the complete loss of cervical
resistance nocturnally. Conclusion: The creation, autonomic maintenance,
and eventually autonomic termination of the EUWT make gestation an
autonomic cycle with constant intervals and circadian timers. There is
evidence-based support for the hypothesis which will have an impact on
obstetric practice and maternal and family welfare.
Transforming the Nutrition Care Model for Infants with Cystic Fibrosis: a qualitative study of clinicians’ perspectives
Authors: Ong Thida , Bell Sarah , Britto Maria , Gamel Breck , McNamara Sharon , Ramsey Bonnie , Barton Krysta S.
Published: September 2022

Clinician perspectives may inform health service strategies to meet
optimal nutrition needs for infants with cystic fibrosis (CF). We
conducted a qualitative study with CF-specialized dietitians (RDs) and
physicians between July to December 2020 to characterize the current
state of infant nutrition care delivery and organize input into a
conceptual model to inform CF care program strategies. Among 42
participants, 36 completed survey responses and 6 completed interviews;
93% were RDs. Three global themes emerged in the current care model:
nutrition management, family-centered connections, and collaborative
care delivery. Within nutrition management clinicians emphasized
providing education, setting goals, and maintaining adequate follow-up
with families. Under family-centered connections clinicians expressed
the need to foster relationships with families and link families to
resources for assistance to social stressors such as food insecurity.
Collaborative care delivery for clinicians interviewed was defined by
sharing expertise from across the interdisciplinary team. Based on the
timing of this study, clinicians reported compelling examples for
various modes of telehealth and home weight monitoring to facilitate and
support these domains of nutrition care, including potential advantages
for education, supporting family needs, and communication. We integrate
these themes to propose a conceptual model for integration of in-person
and telehealth activities to enhance quality infant CF nutrition care
delivery. Future implementation can refine this model through testing of
practical telehealth interventions to optimize nutrition outcomes for
infants with CF.
Alternative Therapeutic Approach in the Treatment of Warner and Wilson-Jones Syndrome of the Scalp in Pediatric Patient
Authors: THABOUTI Marwa , Fetoui Nadia Ghariani , Jouini Wafa , Sriha Baderedine , Denguezli Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Warner and Wilson-Jones syndrome (WWS), is a rare entity. We report a
pediatric case of 6-year-old patient, referred to our department for
recurrent nodules of the scalp following removal of capillary
hemangioma. Intralesional corticosteroids infiltration was decided
without recurrence until today.
Siblings with Systemic Erythema and Papules
Authors: Tang Pengyue , Li Ping
Published: September 2022

Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is an unusual and acquired
immune-mediated disease. Although cases of NLE among siblings have been
reported, they all have the same or similar manifestations. We first
report 2 cases of presentation of cutaneous NLE to occur in two siblings
with significantly different cutaneous manifestations.
Angiosarcoma of the caecum
Authors: Stevanovic Dejan , Mitrovic Nebojsa , Jasarovic Damir , Lazic Aleksandar , Lukic Branko
Published: September 2022

Introduction. Primary angiosarcomas arising from the digestive system are rare, representing less than 1% percent of the malignant sarcomas. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Colorectal involvement is exceedingly uncommon and is a harbinger of a poor prognosis with widespread metastasis. Diagnosis is often delayed due to non-specific symptoms and pathology which mimics other tumors. Case outline. A 52-year-old woman was presented to the emergency room in July 2021, complaining of protracted malaise, and rapid fatigue and occasional sweating. Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the abdomen and small pelvis revealed the existence of lobular, well vascularized, supravesical lesion, located along the anterior contour of the uterine corpus, in the convolutes of the small intestine. The patient was subjected to operative treatment with curative intent. Intraoperatively, a completely tumor-altered caecum was verified Standard histopathological examination demonstrated a high grade epithelioid angiosarcoma with severe pleomorphism and solid growth pattern. The control MSCT of abdomen and small pelvis which was done 12 months after the operation did not show the existence of any pathological lesions. Conclusion. Both clinical and pathological diagnoses of colorectal angiosarcoma are challenging. Patients are presenting non-specific symptoms, which can lead to mismanagement and late diagnosis. A pathological diagnosis relies on immunohistochemical staining for endothelial markers. In limited tissue biopsies, it can be easily misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or gastrointestinal stromal tumor. For now, surgical treatment with R0 resection seems to be the only effective treatment modality.
Optimal design of heat dissipation modules for high-power LED based on the Taguchi method
Authors: Liu Chien-Chung , Sheen Maw-Tyan , Wang Shin-Fuh
Published: September 2022

The semiconductor component of InGaN-based blue light-emitting diodes (LED) emits white light when combined with a yellow phosphor mixture. However, owing to the lattice dislocations and defect points in GaN, it exhibits a high thermal resistance, which leads to heat accumulation and an increase in temperature. This is problematic as overheating causes LED to produce dark spots and lines and reduces the luminous flux and optical power of high-power LED. In this study, we propose a variety of optimal structures for heat-transfer modules and apply the proposed architectures in the assembly of high-power LED. First, the high-power LED substrate was coated with a film of aluminum nitride. Then, copper fins were connected to the vacant spaces in the circuit boards to increase the surface area of the heat-transfer region. The Taguchi method was used to identify the optimal substrate thickness, fin arrangement, and fin depth for the effective heat dissipation in a 12 W high-power LED. A dielectric layer was grown on the surface of the aluminum nitride film to serve as a passivation layer to insulate the patient. The passivation layer reduces the physical damage caused by thermal stress, thereby improving the service life and characteristics of heat-transfer modules. The proposed design not only yields a stable LED substrate (with low thermal stress) but also induces reliable heat transfer.
Study on the fuel jet evolution under trans/supercritical conditions and different environment pressure conditions
Authors: Wu Wei , Ba Jin , Zhao Lun , Xiao Gang , Xie Maozhao
Published: September 2022

In Liquid Rocket Engines or Internal Combustion Engines, increasing the inlet
fuels temperature or chamber pressure exceeding its critical point is
capable of improving the combustion efficiency. Under these conditions, the
thermophysical and transport properties have an important effect on fluids
mixing and combustion process. In this study, the fuel of n-heptane injected
into a multi-species environment are simulated by Large Eddy Simulations and
the performance of the injected fuel temperature and different chamber
conditions are compared in conjunction with high accuracy equation of state
and transport properties. The results show that as the injected temperature
or the chamber pressure increase, the penetration length and density
gradient decrease, while the width of mixing layer increase. The results
obtained in this investigation indicated that for the single injection
condition, by increasing the fuel inlet temperature or chamber pressure, the
essence is to reduce the initial density ratio, thereby reducing the density
stratification between the jet and environment gas, which is beneficial to
the jet mixing and combustion process.
Wind action on whirling flame characteristics
Authors: Wang Yawei , Fan Weipeng , Gao Ye , Chow Wan-Ki , Lai Joseph , Chow Cheuk-Lun , Cheng Chi-Honn
Published: September 2022

The behavior of whirling flame above a pool fire under cross wind was studied
using a small wind tunnel. Whirling flames with different heat release rates
were generated by an experimental rig. Effect of different wind speeds on the
whirling flame was studied by an oil pool of two different diameters. Lateral
images of the whirling flame collected were analyzed. Results show that under
cross flow, the whirling flame was deflected along the direction of incoming
flow. With the increase in wind speed, the deflection angle
increased gradually. The angle also increased with the increase in pool
diameter. When the cross flow increased to a certain value, the flame stopped
swirling, and changed to an irregular shape. The maximum cross wind speed of
the flame that did not stop flame rotation decreased with diameter. Crosswind
with lower speed would raise the temperature of the whirling flame. When the
wind speed was higher than a critical value, the temperature was reduced
because burning rate decreased.
Shell-side flow study and structural optimization of a double helical-like flow heat exchanger
Authors: Gu Xin , Gao Wei , Li Menghong , Shi Qiming , Cao Kan
Published: September 2022

A double helical-like flow heat exchanger model was built, its shell-side flow state was studied by the CFD method, and the difference in heat transfer performance between it and the torsional flow heat exchanger was compared. From the numer?ical simulation results, it is found that the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop are improved by 7.07-8.93% and 15.50-18.22%, respectively at the same flow rate, and the comprehensive performance expressed as Nu/f 1/3 is improved by 21.84-24.08%. Using the orthogonal test method to optimize the shell-side struc?ture, it is found that the comprehensive performance is influenced by the two factors of spacing/groups and angle of baffles, and the influence of the deflection angle of two adjacent groups of baffles is very small, and the optimal structural combi-nation of comprehensive performance is 30-0-70/11 (the angle of baffles is 30?, the deflection angle of two adjacent groups of baffles is 0?, the spacing between two adjacent sets of baffles is 70 mm, and the number of baffle groups is 11). The reliability and feasibility of the simulation method were verified by experiments.
Chemical, radiative, and dilutive effects of CO2 addition on soot formation in jet A-1 kerosene co-flow diffusion flame
Authors: Yang Yu , Li Qing , Zhu Jiajian , Zhou Bo
Published: September 2022

With the development of aviation industry, it is urgently to investigate the soot formation properties of aviation kerosene to better control the soot emissions. The dilutive, chemical and radiative effects of CO2 on the soot inception, condensation and hydrogen abstraction acetylene addtion (HACA) growth processes in laminar co-flow Jet-A1 kerosene diffusion flames were numerically investigated by employing detailed chemical mechanisms and soot sectional models. The results showed that the addition of CO2 dramatically decreased the maximum temperature (by 92 K) and soot volume fraction (by 41.0%). The dilutive effect of CO2 contributed the most to the decrease of temperature and soot volume fraction. It also was the main factor in the decrease of soot inception, condensation and HACA growth processes. The chemical effect of CO2 had little impact on the decomposition of fuels into light hydrocarbons, but obviously limited the growth of light hydrocarbons to A1. The radiative effect of CO2 decreased the maximum temperature and soot volume fraction by 13 K and 5.2% (from 1.92-1.82 ppm). It had little impact on the soot inception, condensation and HACA growth rates.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emission from cigar burner combustion system and comparison of their content in fly ashes
Authors: Marinkovic Ana , Buha-Markovic Jovana , Savic Jasmina , Mladenovic Milica , Petrov Nevena
Published: September 2022

Agricultural biomass is considered a preferred RES in Serbia because of its availability and suitability to limit the use of fossil fuel resources and reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, constant work has been done to develop technologies that enable its utilization for energy purposes. As an example of these efforts, in the Agricultural Corporation PKB, the soybean straw cigarette-type combustion system has been applied for greenhouse heating for over a decade. However, many volatile and semivolatile organic compounds are emitted directly into the atmosphere or concentrated in ash particles during agricultural biomass combustion. Since some of the emitted compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are toxic, monitoring their concentrations in fly ash is recommended. Literature data regarding PAHs content in agricultural biomass ashes are insubstantial, especially in Serbia. For that purpose, PAHs contents in the cyclone and stack fly ashes of soybean straw were investigated and compared. In addition, the emission factors, toxicity, carcinogenicity and benzo[a]pyrene equivalence concentrations were determined and used to estimate the potential environmental impact of these ashes. As a result, stack ash has been shown to have a higher potential environmental risk than cyclone ash. Hence, an assessment of using soybean straw as a feed fuel in a real cigarette-type combustion plant regarding PAHs emission is given. These results provide important information for optimizing combustion conditions and assisting the local entities in managing air pollution and control policies in Serbia.
Effects of elastic pillars on fluid-flow and heat transfer enhancement in a micro-channel
Authors: Ye Mingzheng , Yang Xian , Wang Jin , Vujanovic Milan , Sundén Bengt
Published: September 2022

In this paper, periodic vortices are generated by a fluid passing a cylindrical obstacle, d, near the micro-channel inlet. Two elastic pillars are arranged on the walls, and the effect of the pillar spacing on heat transfer performance is studied using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Euler method. With the spacing of 10d, the small pillar amplitude of 2 ?m is not conducive to the generation of vortices. The flexible vortex generator has higher heat transfer efficiency and lower pressure loss than the rigid vortex generator. The two pillars with no spacing generate isolated vortices, and the mixing of these vortices is insufficient downstream the pillars. It is found that with the pillar spacing of 5d, the overall performance factor is significantly higher than that with the pillar spacing of 0d and 10d in the Reynolds number range of 800 to 1100. The average Nusselt number with the spacing of 5d increases by 19.2% compared to that with the spacing of 0d at the Reynolds number of 1000. When the Reynolds number is 1100, the overall performance factor is 43% higher than that with a single rigid pillar. The vortices are periodically generated by the two pillars with the 5d spacing, and the disturbance to the boundary layer enhances the heat transfer downstream the region in the micro-channel.
Suppression effect of CaCo3, NaCl, and NH4H2PO4 on gas-fat coal dust explosion pressure and flame characteristics
Authors: Liu Tian-Qi , Zhao Xuan , Tian Wei-Ye , Jia Rui-Heng , Wang Ning , Cai Zhi-Xin
Published: September 2022

Coal dust explosion is a major accident affecting the safety of coal mine production. In order to control coal dust explosion, using inert dust to suppress explosion is one of the effective methods. Taking the gas-fat coal as the research object and CaCO3, NaCl, and NH4H2PO4 as the inert dust, the suppression effect of inert dust on gas-fat coal dust explosion pressure and flame is studied. It is found that when the gas-fat coal dust particle size is 48~58 ?m, both the maximum pressure and the farthest distance of flame reach the maximum value. Among the three inert dusts, NH4H2PO4 has the best suppression effect, followed by NaCl, and CaCO3 has the worst suppression effect on explosion. The smaller the particle size of
Comparison between clear aligners and 2 × 4 mechanics in the mixed dentition: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: da Silva Vinicius Merino , Ayub Priscila Vaz , Massaro Camila , Janson Guilherme , Garib Daniela
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To compare the efficacy and efficiency between clear aligners and 2 × 4 fixed appliances for correcting maxillary incisor position irregularities in the mixed dentition.

Materials and Methods

The sample comprised 32 patients from 7 to 11 years of age randomly allocated into two parallel treatment groups: the clear aligners group, 14 patients (6 girls, 8 boys) with a mean initial age of 9.33 years (standard deviation [SD] = 1.01) treated with clear aligners; and the fixed appliances group, 13 patients (9 girls, 4 boys) with a mean initial age of 9.65 years (SD = 0.80) treated with partial (2 × 4) fixed appliances. Digital models were acquired before treatment and after appliance removal. Primary outcomes were incisor irregularity index and treatment time. Secondary outcomes were arch width, perimeter, length, size and shape, incisor leveling, incisor mesiodistal angulation, plaque index, and white spot lesion formation (International Caries Detection and Assessment System index). Intergroup comparisons were evaluated using t-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests with Holm-Bonferroni correction (P < .05).

Results

Treatment time was approximately 8 months in both groups. No intergroup differences were observed for changes in any of the variables. Similar posttreatment arch shapes were observed in both groups.

Conclusions

Clear aligners and 2 × 4 mechanics displayed similar efficacy and efficiency for maxillary incisor position corrections in the mixed dentition. The choice of appliance should be guided by clinician and family preference.
Safety Assessment of Conventional and Biological Systemic Therapy in Older Adults with Psoriasis, a Real-world Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Ter Haar Elke L.M. , Ten Bruin Eline E. , Bronkhorst Ewald E. , Borgonjen Rinke J. , Kleinpenning Marloes M. , Kop Else N. , Visch M. Birgitte , Van de Kerkhof Peter C.M. , De Jong Elke M.G.J. , Lubeek Satish F.K.
Published: September 2022

Optimal selection of systemic therapy in older adults with psoriasis can be challenging, due to sparse evidence-based guidance. This multicentre retrospective study investigated the safety of systemic therapy with causality assessment in a real-world cohort of older adults (≥ 65 years) with psoriasis. Data from 6 hospitals on (serious) adverse events were collected, causality assessment performed and incidence rate ratios calculated. Potential predictors for adverse events-occurrence were studied using multivariable logistic regression analysis. In total, 117 patients with 176 treatment episodes and 390 patient-years were included, comprising 115 (65.3%) and 61 (34.7%) treatment episodes with conventional systemic therapy and biologics/apremilast, respectively. After causality assessment, 232 of 319 (72.7%) adverse events remained and were analysed further, including 12 serious adverse events. No significant differences in incidence rate ratios were found between the systemic treatment types. In regression analysis, increasing age was associated with causality assessed adverse events-occurrence (odds ratio 1.195; p=0.022). Comorbidity, polypharmacy, and treatment type were not associated with causality assessed adverse events-occurrence. In conclusion, increasing age was associated with a higher causality assessed adverse events-occurrence. Causality assessed serious adverse events were rare, reversible and/or manageable in clinical practice. In conclusion, the safety profile of systemic antipsoriatic therapy within this population is reassuring.
Corrigendum: Patch Testing with Propolis of Different Geographical Origins in a Baseline Series
Authors: Nyman Gunnar S. A. , Giménez‐Arnau Ana Maria , Grigaitiene Jurate , Malinauskiene Laura , Paulsen Evy , Hagvall Lina
Published: September 2022

Abstract is missing (Corrigendum)
Caregiving Burden among Family Caregivers of People with Advanced Cancer: A Literature Review
Authors: Liu Zhu
Published: September 2022

This literature review focus on the research methods, levels, influencing factors and types of family caregiver burden caring patients with advanced cancer, aiming to improve medical worker’s understanding of caregiver burden, provide a basis for building their support system, and produce new insights for nursing practice and research in the future.
Isolation and Characterization of Endophytes Against Bacterial Blight of Pomegranate
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (173 230), India, Karn Monika , Sharma Satish K. ,   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (173 230), India, Sharma Anju ,   Dept. of Basic Sciences, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (173 230), India, Pal Joginder ,   Dept. of Plant Pathology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agriculture University, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh (176 062), India
Published: September 2022

The endophytic study was undertaken during 2019–2020 at department of plant pathology, Dr, YS Parmar UHF, Nauni, Solan (HP), India against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae inciting bacterial blight of pomegranate. Endophytes which we used, either endophytic bacteria or fungi have been isolated from four different genotypes/cultivars (Wild pomegranate, Kandhari, G-137 and Sindhuri) of pomegranate to study the isolation procedure and characterization of the endophytic microbes that colonize pomegranate plants. The huge diversity among the endophytic microbes and the host plants hinders a uniform protocol for isolation of endophytes and the establishment of inciting agent of bacterial blight. The most common technique that is currently used involves a thorough surface sterilization followed by fragmentation of the plant tissue and dilutions, culture of the fragments onto agar plates for endophytic bacteria and fragmentation of leaf bits after thorough surface sterilization onto agar plate for endophytic fungi. Among 27 and 19 bacterial and fungal endophytes, three potential microbes of each were selected after in vitro assay against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae which causes bacterial blight disease, and were identified based on morphological, biochemical, and cultural characteristics, respectively. This is the first report of endophytic microbes from the leaves of Punica granatum genotypes/cultivars in Himachal Pradesh, India. Future studies will determine the potential application of these isolates in biological control, growth promotion, enzyme production and colonization in host for induction of defense mechanism against bacterial blight disease of pomegranate.
Effect of Haulm Cutting, Size of Seed Tubers/Seed Pieces and Intra-Row Spacings on Tuber Yield and Economics of Potato Production
Authors:   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (474 020), India, Singh Shiv Pratap , Sadawarti M. J. ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (474 020), India, Katare S. ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (474 020), India, Dua V. K. ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh (171 001), India, Rawal S. ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh (2501 10), India, Sharma S. K. ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (474 020), India, Kumar Manoj ,   ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh (2501 10), India
Published: September 2022

The field experiments were conducted during two consecutive rabi seasons (October – February) during 2019–20 and 2020–21 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India located in west central plains of India. Highest emergence of potato plants was recorded with the planting of 40 g whole tubers. Growth attributes viz. plant height (58.6 cm) and number of compound leaves (56.7) were recorded highest with 40 g seed piece/whole tuber. Planting of 120 g seed tubers, 10 cm intra row spacing and 114 days haulm cut recorded highest number of small tubers i.e. 3,43,000 ha-1, 3,07,000 ha-1 and 3,26,000 ha-1, respectively. Highest total number of tubers was recorded at 114 DAP haulm cut (9,08,000 ha-1), planting of 120 g seed tubers (9,62,000 ha-1) and 10 cm intra row spacing (8,53,000 ha-1). Highest total tuber yield was recorded with 114 DAP haulm cut (59.1 t ha-1), 120 g planted seed tubers (55.5 t ha-1) and 20 cm intra row spacing (49.7 t ha-1). Highest cost of cultivation was recorded with the use of 120 g seed (Rs. 386483 ha-1) and intra row spacing of 10 cm ` 264261 ha-1. Highest net return (Rs. 364084 ha-1) was recorded with 114 DAP haulm cut, planting with 40g seed size tubers (` 329822 ha-1) and intra row spacing of 20 cm (Rs. 322499 ha-1). Highest benefit-cost ratio was recorded with 114 DAP haulm cut (2.6) planting with 20 g seed size tubers (3.3) and intra row spacing of 20 cm (2.8).
Genetic Variability in Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Authors:   Dept. of Vegetable Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (173 230), India, Dev H.
Published: September 2022

The present investigations were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during kharif season (April–November), 2011. The objective of the study was to assess the genetic variability of 40 diverse genotypes of ginger collected from different parts of the country including one recommended variety Himgiri as check. These genotypes had shown considerable variability for all the parameters studied. The observations were recorded on emergence, number of tillers and leaves plant-1, leaf length and breadth, plant girth and height, length, girth, core diameter and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes, number of primary and secondary rhizomes plant-1, yield plant-1 plot-1ha-1, incidence of rhizome rot, dry matter and oleoresin content. The genotypic coefficients of variability (GCV) were moderate for number of secondary rhizomes plant-1, weight of primary and secondary rhizomes and yield plant-1 plot-1 ha-1, whereas, the phenotypic coefficients of variability (PCV) were moderate for emergence, number of tillers and leaves plant-1, number of secondary rhizomes plant-1, weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes, yield plant-1 plot-1 ha-1, oleoresin content and incidence of rhizome rot. High heritability coupled with high and moderate genetic gain was observed for yield plot-1 ha-1 and weight of mother, primary and secondary rhizomes indicating the importance of these characters for selection. It indicated that these traits were amenable to selection. The overall assessment showed that there was wide variability among ginger genotypes which has important implication for breeding ginger for yield and quality attributes.
SMART HOME SYSTEM WITH RADIO FREQUENCY USING BLYNK APPLICATION
Authors: Dwiansyah Rafif Okta , Prasetya Dedi Ary
Published: September 2022

Over time, technology has been embedded in our daily lives and will develop more and more rapidly. Because everything can facilitate us in activities, especially in a house. But the problem arises how we manage and control electronic equipment efficiently and comfortably. In this study, an intelligent control system based on IoT (Internet of Things) technology has been suggested to solve the above problem, namely with a smart home control system based on IoT (Internet of Things) with a radio frequency of 433 MHz as a command to send and be forwarded to several receivers on each - each relay uses an IoT (Internet of Things) application, namely Blynk on a smartphone, it can also be controlled manually using a wireless button control and can be controlled remotely with a frequency of 433mhz. Through a series of control modules, such as switch modules, radio frequency control modules, you can directly control all kinds of household appliances. With smart phone can also communicate with smart center controller via wireless router via Wi-Fi interface. Because it has a radio frequency of 433 MHz as the bottom control layer, tools can be added to or removed from the control system very easily. And this control system functions as a switch that is connected to several receivers to each relay.
Rancang Bangun Monitoring Dan Controlling Pemakaian Daya Berbasis Internet Of Things (Iot)
Authors: Rusdi Muh. Farid , Hamdani H , Hamma H
Published: September 2022

Kebutuhan daya listrik setiap konsumen berbeda-beda tergantung pada banyaknya pemakaian. Namun sering kali pemakaian daya pada sebuah bangunan tidak terkontrol, sehingga terkadang terjadi beban lebih (overload) sehingga arus yang mengalir juga akan semakin besar. Pada Penelitian ini dibuat sistem monitoring tegangan, arus, frekuensi dan daya menggunakan teknologi android yang dikoneksikan dengan mikrokontroler serta dapat memutuskan aliran listrik yang dapat diakses melalui aplikasi Android. Prosedur perancangan merupakan tahapan untuk merancang rangkaian yang dibutuhkan dalam pembuatan alat monitoring. Proses perancangan dan pembuatan alat monitoring ini melalui beberapa tahap meliputi studi literatur, perancangan perangkat keras (hardware), perancangan perangkat lunak (software).Dari pengujian yang dilakukan, alat rancangan monitoring daya listrik telah bekerja sesuai dengan apa yang diinginkan. Alat ini dapat mengontrol, monitoring dan melakukan penyimpanan data pada aliran listrik yang dapat diakses melalui website/aplikasi yang terhubung melalui internet. Bahkan, keakuratan pembacaan alat ukur pada alat rancangan ini memilki perbandingan error yang kecil dengan alat ukur yang biasanya digunakan, terdapat rata-rata error pada pembacaan nilai tegangan dan arus sebesar 0,33% dan 3.06%.