bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The sanctions factor of transformation of the Russian and world economy
Authors: Loginov Boris , Tolmachev Petr , Surma Ivan , Rudneva Anastasiya , Sekacheva Alla , Seregina Antonina , Fadeeva Inna , Smirnov Evgeniy
Published: May 2023

The monograph analyzes the most significant consequences for the Russian and world economy of the sanctions restrictions imposed by the collective West against Russia from 2014 to September 2022, shows their genesis, explains the real reasons for their introduction, among which the tasks are not only to inflict maximum damage to the Russian economy, but also to hide the failures of their economic development behind the sanctions screen, to shift the blame on Russia for the weakening of its economies in competition with the rapidly gaining weight of new countries — actors of the world economy. The legal norms of the American law CAATSA (Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act) of 2017 and related decrees of the President of the United States are considered in detail.
It is recommended for study by researchers, employees of state bodies responsible for making decisions in foreign economic policy, specialists in the field of foreign economic activity, students of specialized universities, anyone interested in sanctions issues.
Finance and credit
Authors: Golodova Zhanna , Zhilkina A.N. , Rybakova O.M.
Published: May 2023

The textbook reveals the basic concepts and segments of the financial market — the money market, the foreign exchange market, the securities market and the credit market. The features of the functioning and regulation of the subjects of the credit system are considered. The principles and mechanisms of formation of public finances and finances of commercial organizations are outlined. The characteristics of the tax and budget systems, the insurance sector are given. Along with the theoretical provisions, the textbook analyzes the current problems of the Russian economy.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students of the direction "Economics", studying the disciplines "Finance", "Finance and Credit", "Money, credit, banks", "Financial system", as well as for students of business schools, graduate students and teachers.
Development of Automated Leaf Disease Detection in Pomegranate Using Alexnet Algorithm
Authors: Wakhare Prashant B. , Kandalkar Jayash A. , Kawtikwar Rushikesh S. , Kalme Sonali A. , Patil Rutvija V.
Published: May 2023

Agriculture plays a crucial part in the overall growth of the country. Smart agriculture provides today's farmers a help in decision making. Farmers or professionals typically monitor crops for disease detection and identification by using traditional methods. Many techniques are designed to improve the productivity and quality of the crops, but the disease prediction of the existing techniques leads to loss of productivity and quality. Overcoming these issues this paper aims to develop a system to detect Bacterial Blight and Alternaria using Alexnet algorithm at early seedling stage. The main objective is to detect two major diseases Bacterial Blight and Alternaria using Alexnet algorithm. The dataset of pomegranate leaf images total 1245 was created which was unavailable for these diseases, 80% of dataset is used for the training part another 20% is used for the testing part. For evaluating the performance of Alexnet algorithm, the performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall was considered. Results showed a high accuracy rate of 97.60% and this developed pomegranate leaf diseases detection system is better than other algorithm in terms of accuracy, loss, recall. Developed system has loss of 0.1(scaled between 0-1) which is very less comparative to other similar models. Finding of this paper is Dataset was created which was unavailable and proposed approach have high accuracy than others through which we can detect diseases at very early seedling stage.
Characterization of the rat pituitary capsule: Evidence that the cerebrospinal fluid filled the pituitary cleft and the inner side of the capsule
Authors: Gómez-Domínguez Edgar Giovanhi , Toriz César Gabriel , González-Pozos Sirenia , González-del-Pliego Margarita , Aguirre-Benítez Elsa Liliana , Pérez-Torres Armando , Flores-Martinez Yazmin Monserrat , Solano-Agama Carmen , Rodríguez-Mata Verónica , García-Godínez Alejandro , Martínez-Fong Daniel , Mendoza-Garrido María Eugenia
Published: May 2023

In humans, the pituitary gland is covered by a fibrous capsule and is considered a continuation of the meningeal sheath. However, in rodents some studies concluded that only the pars tuberalis (PT) and pars nervosa (PN) are enwrapped by the pia mater, while others showed that the whole gland is covered by this sheath. At PT the median eminence subarachnoid drains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to its cisternal system representing a pathway to the hypothalamus. In the present study we examined the rat pituitary capsule to elucidate its configuration, its physical interaction with the pituitary border and its relationship with the CSF. Furthermore, we also revisited the histology of the pituitary cleft and looked whether CSF drained in it. To answer such questions, we used scanning and transmission electron microscopy, intracerebroventricular infusion of Evan´s blue, fluorescent beads, and sodium fluorescein. The latter was measured in the pars distalis (PD) and various intracranial tissues. We found a pituitary capsule resembling leptomeninges, thick at the dorsal side of the pars intermedia (PI) and PD, thicker at the level of PI in contiguity with the PN and thinner at the rostro-ventral side as a thin membrane of fibroblast-like cells embedded in a fibrous layer. The capsule has abundant capillaries on all sides. Our results showed that the CSFs bathe between the capsule and the surface of the whole gland, and ciliate cells are present in the pituitary border. Our data suggest that the pituitary gland intercommunicates with the central nervous system (CNS) through the CSF.
Policy learning from influenza and the preparedness of the public health sector: 2006/2007 influenza season in Latvia
Authors: Beinarovica Ieva Daniela
Published: May 2023

Due to globalization and continuous mutation and development of various pathogens, infectious diseases have transcended the public health sector and become issues of Global Public Health Security. Influenza – an infectious disease that is both a cyclical, yearly occurrence and the cause of several deadly global pandemics – regularly challenges the public health sector thus providing opportunities for policy learning and evidence bases policy change. By applying the Algorithm for continuous analysis of policy learning and policy change, this publication investigates whether and how policy learning and policy change took place in Latvia after the 2006/2007 influenza season, when a record number of infection cases was registered. Although the conclusions of this publication cannot be generalized, it provides valuable insights for future research, especially for the analysis of the management of the Covid-19 pandemic in Latvia.
Prediksi Kategori Kelulusan Mahasiswa Menggunakan Metode Regresi Logistik Multinomial
Authors: Syahranita Rafika , Suhartono Suhartono , Zaman Syahiduz
Published: May 2023

Students must meet certain goals to earn a degree but can extend their time at university or drop out (DO). The problem of dropping out of students has become an important issue for tertiary institutions to ensure the success or graduation of students and reduce dropouts. DO can affect the accreditation of the tertiary institution. The quality of higher education institutions in Indonesia is measured based on accreditation from the National Accreditation Board for Higher Education or BAN-PT. One of the main standards measured is the Quality of Students and Graduates. The quality of educational accreditation is measured by the percentage of student graduation and the university's strategy to retain students. To predict student graduation based on graduation time categories, researchers collected academic data from students in 2012-2018 at the Informatics Engineering Study Program, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The variables used as predictors are gender, type of entry pathway, and grade point average from semesters one to six. The resulting model was evaluated to obtain an accuracy value of 85.5%, a precision of 78.5%, a recall of 93.9%, and a micro f1-score of 89.8%. An accuracy value of 85.5% indicates that the system can classify properly using the logistic regression model.
Analisis Klasifikasi Broken Home pada Anak Menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier
Authors: Supiyandi Supiyandi , Hussein Almanna , Gunawan Irwan , Harjo William Lutfi Rahman
Published: May 2023

Broken home is a term that defines a situation in a family where most people handle no harmony, happiness, or peace. The impact of a broken home on a depressed family on children who can experience mental, emotional, and behavioral changes that are uncontrolled and undirected. Therefore, a classification is needed to categorize a child in a family as a broken home or not. The classification process will apply the Naïve Bayes Classifier classification method by taking into account the factors that refer to the statement that a child is called a broken home. With this classification, it is hoped that it can help know what and how a broken home child can be called a broken home and with this classification, it is expected that parents can minimize broken homes in children in the future by paying attention to the determining factors.
Las medidas económicas de Argentina frente a la pandemia del covid-19 y la crisis mundial
Authors: Harari Ianina , Biz Damián
Published: May 2023

La aparición del covid-19 obligó a los Gobiernos a tomar medidas que restringie-ron la actividad económica en diverso grado. En la Argentina, la crisis económica ya estaba presente, pero se profundizó y alcanzó niveles históricos con la pan-demia. Con el relevamiento de fuentes y estadísticas oficiales, examinamos las medidas adoptadas por el Gobierno argentino y sus resultados a partir del análi-sis de la dinámica de mediano plazo. Proponemos realizar este abordaje incorpo-rando en el estudio las tendencias económicas en el ámbito mundial y nacional, evidenciando cómo la aparición del coronavirus y sus efectos inmediatos fueron catalizadores de una crisis que era preexistente.
ntención de compra de productos falsificados en el consumidor futbolístico de la provincia de Tungurahua (Ecuador): un acercamiento a su conciencia de marca
Authors: Quinga Carrill Jonathan Ricardo , Chipantiza Guamán Cynthia Guadalupe , Moreno Gavilanes Kléver Armando
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar los factores que afectan la actitud de los consumidores hacia los productos falsificado de moda deportiva y su intención de compra en la provincia de Tungurahua (Ecuador). Se realizó una encuesta a 382 personas que fueron evaluadas según el constructo de influencia social, ma-terialismo, conciencia de valor, riesgo percibido, conciencia de marca, actitud ha-cia la falsificación, e intención de compra según el nivel correlacional. Los resul-tados indican que la conciencia de valor, el materialismo y la influencia social se relacionan positivamente con la actitud de los consumidores hacia los productos de moda falsificados, lo que eventualmente conduce a la intención de compra. De esta forma, se concluye que los consumidores del grupo de bajos ingresos son conscientes del valor y la marca, de manera que perciben un bajo riesgo que influye en su actitud hacia los productos de moda falsificados.
NOAA Satellite Weather Stations: State of the Art, Perspective and Future Projection
Authors: Peña-Becerra Julián , Estupiñán-Cuesta Edith Paola , Martínez-Quintero Juan Carlos
Published: May 2023

This document presents a documentary review of the impact done by ground satellite stations linked to NOAA's meteorological satellites, highlighting the implementation of software defined radio and some possible applications that could be given to satellite stations in terms of data and information processing. This work is done in order to find the main characteristics of these satellite communications systems and several applications, which are oriented towards the monitoring of natural phenomena for documentation and prevention; presenting the projection with the implementation is in Cloud and research through years.
Simulador de electromiografía de superficie
Authors: Gallo-Padilla Juan Camilo , Espinosa-Medina Ricardo Alonso , Ramon-Valencia Jairo Lenin
Published: May 2023

El estudio de señales electromiográficas en tiempo de una pandemia mundial ha sido reducido, puesto que la posibilidad de asistir a un laboratorio de bioseñal ha sido nula para algunas personas, en el presente artículo se propone un simulador de electromiografía de superficie (sEMG) con aplicación pedagógica. Para esto se caracterizó una señal de sEMG real, obteniendo características de amplitud y frecuencia para los eventos relajación y contracción voluntaria de un musculo. Las señales características de relajación y contracción se simularon mediante señales periódicas, así como los ruidos más frecuentes que contaminan la señal (artefactos por movimiento, 60Hz de la línea eléctrica y transmisiones de radio). Las señales constan de 21 armónicos (11 para el estado de contracción y 10 para el de relajación), sumadas y acondicionada con amplificadores operacionales. Las señales de sEMG obtenidas, presentan características similares a las señales reales. Esta simulación de EMG puede ser utilizada en el desarrollo de dispositivos que necesiten de la captura de señales EMG.
Prototipo telemático de visión artificial para el reconocimiento de características en personas y vehículos
Authors: Suárez-Mosquera Fanny , Ballén-Martínez Cristian Dangelis , Castang-Montiel Gerardo Alberto
Published: May 2023

En un mundo cada vez más conectado con la tecnología y con la creciente necesidad de seguridad en todos los aspectos de la vida, surge este proyecto donde se abordará el problema de seguridad en los establecimientos educativos, pero que puede ser utilizado en muchos ámbitos, como en hospitales, parqueaderos, transportadoras de valores, aeropuertos, entidades militares, etc. Este prototipo tiene como objetivo el reconocimiento de patrones (Placas Vehiculares) y de características (Patrones Faciales), una de las premisas principales del actual proyecto fue la utilización de software libre, para crear una solución acertada y de fácil utilización.
Generador axial para un generador eólico de baja potencia, selección, diseño y simulación en COMSOL multiphysic
Authors: Piracoca-Peralta Sindy Tatiana , Rivas-Trujillo Edwin , Montaña-Quintero Henry
Published: May 2023

Los generadores de flujo axial son máquinas utilizadas en sistemas de generación eólica, y dado el creciente interés por las energías renovables a pequeña escala se requiere buscar nuevas configuraciones que permitan enfrentar el aumento de las necesidades energéticas a nivel mundial.  En este documento se analiza la selección, diseño y simulación de tres topologías de un generador de imanes permanentes de flujo axial de doble rotor para aplicaciones de baja velocidad y baja potencia (10 watios), las cuales se modelan aplicando el método de elementos finitos en el software COMSOL 2D, como aporte al proyecto de investigación Topologías de Generador Eólico de Baja Potencia, gracias a este método es posible optimizar el diseño y observar la densidad de flujo magnético en los dientes del estator, entrehierro y polos magnéticos. Los resultados obtenidos se comparan tomando como referencia la potencia de salida generada bajo las cargas de 10, 40,100, 150 y 260 ohmios, además indican que las topologías 1 y 3 (puramente sin núcleo y estado ranurado) presentan un mejor comportamiento tanto en vacío como bajo carga, al buscar reducir el peso de la maquina implementado una matriz tipo HALBACH en los polos magnéticos de los rotores.
Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with mesosulfuron methyl and mesosulfuron methyl + florasulam + MCPA isooctyl to manage weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmad , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , Iqbal Mudassar , Yaqoob Neelam , Javaid Muhammad Mansoor , Maqbool Rizwan , Elnaggar Nehal , Oraby Hesham
Published: May 2023

Nanoherbicides are articulated by empowering the potential of nanotechnology for the efficacious delivery of chemical or biological herbicides with the aid of nanomaterial‐based herbicide combinations. Therefore, the goal of this work was to investigate the chitosan nanoparticles loaded with mesosulfuron methyl and mesosulfuron methyl + florasulam + (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) MCPA isooctyl herbicides as a possible environmentally benign substitute to manage weeds in wheat. Due to intriguing characteristics including biocompatibility, low allergenicity, biodegradability, and nontoxicity, chitosan biopolymers as sustainable chitin derivatives have received intense scrutiny in the biomedical business. The manufactured nanoparticles were characterized by using ultraviolet absorbance, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The average particle size as revealed by SEM was 40–70 nm in a cluster form with the porous structure. The maximum absorption peaks of both nanoparticles of mesosulfuron methyl and mesosulfuron methyl + florasulam + MCPA isooctyl were 330 and 360 nm. The FT-IR analysis showed an intensive peak at 2θ value of 30.55° for mesosulfuron methyl and 32.79° for mesosulfuron methyl + florasula + MCPA isooctyl, which correspond to the 78 and 198 planes of the anatase phase, respectively. The nanoparticles were sprayed at the third to fourth leaf stages of the targeted weeds. Seven different doses were applied. A total of 100% mortality and visual injury were caused by the chitosan-based nanoparticles of both herbicides at the recommended dose of standard herbicide. The 5-fold lower dose showed the minimum chlorophyll content (5.75%), plant height (2.35 cm), fresh biomass (1.08 g), and dry biomass (0.33 g) of a weed mixture. For the same traits, the herbicide nanoparticles at 10-fold lower dose of commercial herbicides exhibited a similar effect as the recommended dose. Nanoherbicides could recuperate the conventional herbicide effectiveness by enhancing the stability and reducing the toxicity.
Multigenic prognosis assessment model for nasopharyngeal carcinoma via a modified meta-analysis approach
Authors: Sim Chor-Chien , Ui-Hang Sim Edmund , Lee Choon-Weng , Narayanan Kumaran
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Currently, clinically relevant multigene-based prognostic assessment models for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are limited. This paper reports a novel NPC prognosis assessment model based on multiple established NPC-associated biomarkers.

Methods

We used a modified meta-analysis approach to retrieve eligible studies and analyse the data. Different prognostic biomarkers and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS) data were extracted and tabulated from eligible studies. We then used the formula based on Parmar et al. to determine OS (expressed as HR with 95 % CI). Prognosis assessment risk scores assigned to the logarithm of HR were the basis for interpreting the multigene prognosis assessment model. Finally, we explained the biological significance of this model using a multigenic NPC oncogenesis network system.

Results

We constructed a multigenic NPC prognosis assessment model consisting of 10 prognostic biomarkers to determine the OS rate in NPC patients. Based on the biomarkers’ expression patterns, the model could determine 1,023 possible OS rates of NPC patients. The risk score derived determines the prognosis status of the NPC patients. The higher the total risk assessment score, the poorer the prognosis. An NPC-associated network involving all ten biomarkers was also derived.

Conclusions

We provided a novel multigenic NPC prognosis assessment model comprising ten prognostic biomarkers on OS rate in NPC patients. A conceptual molecular-based pathophysiological network of NPC oncogenesis supported the biological relevance of this model.
The effect of krill oil on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice
Authors: Şahin Yaşar , Devrim Alparslan Kadir , Alçığır Mehmet Eray , Şenol Ali , Ekici Hüsamettin , Devrim Tuba , Sudağıdan Mert , Yıldırım Ebru , Çınar Miyase , Türkmen Merve Bişkin , Peker Seydi Ali
Published: May 2023

Objectives

This study investigated the effect of krill oil (KO) on liver damage caused by acetaminophen (APAP).

Methods

In the present study, the control and APAP groups were given distilled water by gavage for 14 days. In addition, the KO and APAP+KO groups were given 500 mg/kg krill oil by gavage for 14 days. At the end of 14 days, 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (saline solution) administration was applied intraperitoneally to the control and KO groups. Meanwhile, 220 mg/kg acetaminophen was administered to the APAP and APAP+KO groups. While some biochemical parameters in plasma were examined, some oxidative stress parameters in plasma and liver tissue were evaluated. Apoptotic and inflammatory responses of some primer sequences determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) in liver tissue. After histopathological examination of liver tissue, immunohistochemical analysis was performed with Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (Wif-1), beta-catenin (β-Catenin), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG).

Results

The Wif-1 positivity in hepatocytes increased significantly in the APAP group (5.29 ± 0.71) compared to the control (1.14 ± 0.51), and KO (2.14 ± 0.55) groups (p<0.001). The 8-OHdG positivity in hepatocytes increased significantly in the APAP group (19.57 ± 0.58) compared to the control (0.43 ± 0.20), KO (3.57 ± 0.48), and APAP+KO (4.00 ± 2.53) groups (p<0.001).

Conclusions

As a result, krill oil could be used as a nutritional supplement to protect the liver against acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
Essential oil extraction for all: A flexible and modular system for citrus biomass waste
Authors: Armenta Edson E. , Coronado Marcos A. , Ayala José R. , León José A. , Montes Daniela
Published: May 2023

The essential oil industry is a growing sector that generates 5.41 billion USD annually worldwide. Essential oils are widely used in medicine, agriculture, and perfumery. Although there are available systems in the market for domestic essential oil extraction, replacing the entire equipment in case of repair or malfunction can be costly. To address this problem, a pilot-scale essential oil extractor system was developed that operates through hydrodistillation. This system was used to process various citrus wastes such as green and yellow lemons, oranges, grapefruits, and Eucalyptus globulus. A factorial design was performed, and the best conditions were used to extract other biomass residues. GC-MS analysis revealed that the primary compound for orange, grapefruit, and green lemon essential oils is D-imonene, with 95.4%, 95.5%, and 49.2%, respectively. For yellow lemon the primary compound appeared to be D-limonene with 73.0% content, though the GC/MS data were less clear, and for eucalyptus, it is eucalyptol with 71.0%. The estimated production costs were 0.01 USD/mL, 0.04 USD/mL, 0.06 USD/mL, 0.07 USD/mL, and 0.15 USD/mL for orange, grapefruit, green lemon, yellow lemon, and eucalyptus essential oils, respectively. Therefore, the developed system is a competitive option for pilot-scale essential oil extraction.
Linguistic Single-Valued Neutrosophic Multi-Criteria Group Decision Making Based on Personalized Individual Semantics and Consensus
Authors: Tian Zhang-Peng , Xu Fu-Xin , Nie Ru-Xin , Wang Xiao-Kang , Wang Jian-Qiang
Published: May 2023

In practical linguistic multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems, words may indicate different meanings for various decision makers (DMs), and a high level of group consensus indicates that most of the group members are satisfied with the final solution. This study aims at developing a novel framework that considers the personalized individual semantics (PISs) and group consensus of DMs to tackle linguistic single-valued neutrosophic MCGDM problems. First, a novel discrimination measure for linguistic single-valued neutrosophic numbers (LSVNNs) is proposed, based on which a discrimination-based optimization model is built to assign personalized numerical scales (PNSs). Second, an extended consensus-based optimization model is constructed to identify the weights of DMs considering the group consensus. Then, the overall evaluations of all the alternatives are obtained based on the LSVNN aggregation operator to identify the ranking of alternatives. Finally, the results of the illustrative example, sensitivity and comparative analysis are presented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Knowledge and practice of caregivers for the management of their febrile children: Bangladesh perspective
Authors: Ishrat Nazme Nure , Shahnabi Jafran Sardar , Sultana Jesmin
Published: May 2023

Background: Fever is the most common pediatric symptom and one of the most prevalent public health issues, which warrants frequent visits to the doctors. Evidence-based practices are widely lacking due to a scarcity of knowledge regarding the management of febrile children. Objective: This study aims to determine caregivers' knowledge and practices for managing their febrile children and to assess the factors influencing these practices. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at two military hospitals in Bangladesh. The study subjects comprised a convenient sample of 350 caregivers attending the OPD with a feverish child under twelve years. Results: Knowledge about fever management was deficient in the majority of participants, in terms of fever definition, the Paracetamol dose, and frequency. Most of the participants were worried about febrile convulsions. Unsatisfactory practices were observed in regards to faulty temperature measurement, giving inadequate fluid to febrile children, and preferring antibiotics to reduce body temperature. Maternal age, education level of the mother, income of the family, number of children, occupation of the mother, type of family, and history of recurrent illness in children were found to be significantly associated with the knowledge and practice level of parents. Conclusion: Poor knowledge and unsatisfactory practice of the parents regarding the management of their febrile children lead to undue concern, which increases the burden on healthcare facilities. It provides insight for healthcare providers to enhance parental expertise by offering evidence-based information and spreading awareness in the community to augment the general outcomes of febrile episodes in children.
Virtual Reality to Assess Resident Recognition of Impending Respiratory Failure During COVID-19
Authors: Odum James D. , Real Francis J. , Rice Joshua , Meisman Andrea , Sahay Rashmi , Zhang Bin , Zackoff Matthew W.
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES

To assess the performance of pediatric residents in recognizing a decompensating patient with impending respiratory failure and appropriately escalating care using a virtual reality (VR) simulated case of an infant with bronchiolitis after an extended period of decreased clinical volumes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

METHODS

Sixty-two pediatric residents at a single academic pediatric referral center engaged in a 30-minute VR simulation on respiratory failure in a 3-month-old admitted to the pediatric hospital medicine service with bronchiolitis. This occurred in a socially distant manner across the Zoom platform during the COVID-19 pandemic (January–April 2021). Residents were assessed on their ability to (1) recognize altered mental status (AMS), (2) designate clinical status as “(impending) respiratory failure,” and (3) escalate care. Statistical differences between and across postgraduate year (PGY) levels were examined using χ2 or Fisher’s exact test, followed by pairwise comparison and posthoc multiple testing using the Hochberg test.

RESULTS

Among all residents, 53% successfully recognized AMS, 16% identified respiratory failure, and 23% escalated care. No significant differences were seen across PGY levels for recognizing AMS or identifying respiratory failure. PGY3+ residents were more likely to escalate care than PGY2 residents (P = .05).

CONCLUSIONS

In the setting of an extended period with decreased clinical volumes during the COVID-19 pandemic, pediatric residents across all PGY levels demonstrated challenges with identifying (impending) respiratory failure and appropriately escalating care during VR simulations. Though limited, VR simulation may serve as a safe adjunct for clinical training and assessment during times of decreased clinical exposure.
Comparison of Mental Health Estimates by Sociodemographic Characteristics in the Research and Development Survey 3 and the 2019 National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Leanna Moron , Irimata Katherine , Parker Jennifer
Published: May 2023

This report compares national and subgroup estimates of any level of major depressive disorder (depression) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) symptoms (mild, moderate, or severe) among the U.S. adult population from two data sources, the 2019 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the third Research and Development Survey (RANDS 3).
HOUSEHOLD AS A SUBJECT OF FINANCIAL RELATIONS
Authors: V. O. Hneusheva
Published: May 2023

Households are considered as a separate sphere of the financial system of Ukraine, which carry out active influence on the development of domestic economy. The basic functions of housekeeping in a market economy are shown.
Analysis of influencing of terms of coupling on the factor of wear of combs of the wheel pairs of locomotives
Authors: Afanasov A. M. , Kyiko A. I. , Arpul’ S. V.
Published: May 2023

Analysis of influencing of terms of coupling on the factor of wear of combs of the wheel pairs  of locomotives
A Constituição, os juros e a economia
Authors: FARO CLOVIS DE
Published: May 2023

Resumo A promulgação da Constituição Brasileira de 1988, restabeleceu a chamada Lei da Usura. Segundo este antigo regulamento, que nunca foi revogado, mas que se tornou ineficaz devido às altíssimas taxas de inflação que vivemos há muito tempo, a taxa de juro, em termos nominais, não pode ultrapassar os 12% ao ano. Com o objetivo de inovar, ao mesmo tempo em que ignorava a sempre vigente lei da oferta e da demanda, a Constituição de 1988 estabeleceu esse teto em termos reais. O artigo enfoca não apenas as dificuldades de medir a taxa efetiva de juros que incide sobre os empréstimos bancários, mas também a tarefa quase impossível de a medir em termos reais. A conclusão inevitável é que esta nova versão da Lei da Usura também se tornará ineficaz na prática.
Flexibilidade dinâmica, cooperação e eficiência econômica: anotações
Authors: TAUILE JOSÉ RICARDO
Published: May 2023

Resumo Este artigo trata dos novos padrões de competitividade que estão sendo estabelecidos no capitalismo contemporâneo por um ambiente mais cooperativo entre os agentes econômicos. Argumenta-se que a eficiência econômica pode ser atribuída a formas contemporâneas de cooperação nos níveis básicos da organização social da produção, empurrando a arena da competição para cima. Desempenhos ainda mais eficientes de tecnologias de automação flexíveis parecem pressupor ambientes cooperativos intrafirmas e interfirmas, radicalmente afastando-se dos padrões de relação conflituosa anteriores do capitalismo moderno. Tanto é verdade que um dos pilares da economia ortodoxa, a saber, a teoria da empresa, vem sofrendo profundas modificações para lidar com esses novos fatos da vida econômica contemporânea.
Recuperar a capacidade de investimento da economia brasileira para garantir o desenvolvimento
Authors: LACERDA ANTÔNIO CORRÊA DE
Published: May 2023

Resumo A gradual abertura da economia brasileira com a consequente maior exposição ao mercado internacional, a revisão do papel do Estado, assim como o processo de desregulamentação exigem uma nova postura em face desses aspectos. A necessidade de propiciar as condições mínimas necessárias para a recuperação dos investimentos na economia brasileira se mostra crucial num cenário de modernização e competitividade. Isso exige a combinação de políticas macroeconômicas que incentivem esse processo assim como a ação individual dos agentes no sentido da busca de melhora do padrão de qualidade e produtividade.
A questão da estabilização nos anos 80: um enfoque institucional
Authors: PAULANI LEDA MARIA
Published: May 2023

Resumo Este artigo trata da relação entre instituições e problemas de estabilização. Seu objetivo é demonstrar que a consideração das instituições pode fornecer respostas para questões que a análise macroeconômica convencional não tem conseguido. A principal questão é: por que, no Brasil, do início da década de oitenta em diante, a taxa de inflação não cai para níveis civilizados, mas não passa por um processo hiperinflacionário? A abordagem é aquela fornecida pela “Nova Economia Institucional” (NIE) e a hipótese provisória é que a indexação formal - uma instituição alocativa criada pelo governo militar - (PAEG, 1967) - teria deslocado a instituição constitutiva e fundamental, ou seja, o dinheiro, a moeda oficial. Como resultado desse processo - um processo distinto na América Latina pelo sinal oficial e legal da indexação brasileira -, a elevação recorrente dos preços teria se transformado em uma instituição.
Sobre o “horizontalismo” da oferta da moeda: tréplica ao Professor Cardim de Carvalho
Authors: COSTA FERNANDO NOGUEIRA DA
Published: May 2023

Resumo Esses comentários constituem uma análise sobre a resposta de Cardim de Carvalho a um exame crítico da teoria da moeda de Keynes. Essa teoria pressupunha a inelasticidade da oferta em relação à demanda como um atributo necessário do dinheiro. Este artigo examina porque Basil Moore sustenta a abordagem “horizontalista”.
Integração regional, comércio triangular e recomendações de política: o caso da indústria brasileira de química fina
Authors: CORREA PAULO GUILHERME
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo examina a ocorrência de “esquemas triangulares de comércio” na exportação de produtos químicos finos para o Brasil de outros países do Mercosul entre 1989 e 1992 e sugere possíveis medidas contrárias do governo. Mostra-se que o aumento repentino das importações brasileiras de produtos químicos finos do Uruguai corresponde a um esquema comercial “triangular” entre os dois países e um terceiro e sugere a adoção de regras de origem mais precisas do que as acordadas nas recentes negociações do Mercosul, permitindo ganhos da integração para acumular principalmente para os países membros.
Filtro de preços: um algoritmo de acompanhamento de lucro setorial
Authors: TRAVASSOS FERNANDO CARIOLA
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo retoma o doutorado do autor. principais aspectos e resultados da tese. Apresenta um algoritmo que permite medir variações de marcações setoriais sem usar dados contábeis das firmas. Esse instrumento tem a capacidade de descontar o impacto das variações nos preços relativos e na produtividade dos insumos, a partir da variação dos preços finais do setor. O teste do algoritmo revelou uma clara correlação positiva entre variações de marcação e grau de concentração industrial, maior e mais significativo no período de recessão (1980-1983) do que no período de crescimento (1977-1980).
Convergência entre as rendas per capita estaduais no Brasil
Authors: FERREIRA AFONSO HENRIQUES BORGES , DINIZ CLÉLIO CAMPOLINA
Published: May 2023

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta, em sua primeira seção, as evidências disponíveis sobre a evolução da distribuição interestadual e inter-regional de renda no Brasil, entre os anos de 1970 e 1985. A principal conclusão é que uma clara tendência à convergência do estado e as rendas regionais por capital prevaleceram no período mencionado. Na seção 2, são apresentadas algumas explicações para a tendência observada, enquanto, na seção final, são discutidas as perspectivas de que a convergência da renda per capita tenha sido mantida no período pós-1985, para o qual não há dados disponíveis, e continuará a prevalecer no futuro.
CYSTIC PANCREATIC LESIONS: IMAGING VERSUS ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS-HOW TO IMPROVE DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY?
Authors: Vieira Rafael Mello Fontolan , Souza Junior Arthur Soares de , Kerche Leandra Ernst
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cystic lesions are a group of pancreatic neoplasms with different behavior and risk of malignancy. Imaging diagnosis and differentiation of these lesions remain a challenge. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging and post-operative pathologic diagnoses of Pancreatic cystic lesions in a University Hospital of São Paulo State. METHODS: A total of 39 patients with surgically diagnosed Pancreatic cystic lesions were enrolled, as a study cohort from 2009 to 2019. Preoperative radiological and final pathological diagnosis was correlated to measure computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, choledochal pancreatic cyst, mucinous cystadenoma, serous cystadenoma, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and pancreatic pseudocyst were classified as neoplastic cysts. RESULTS: It was noted that 27 patients (69.23%) had preoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, 11 patients (28.20%) had preoperative computed tomography only, and 1 patient had preoperative magnetic resonance imaging only. The values for diagnoses made only with computed tomography (p=0.47) and from the combination of computed tomography+magnetic resonance imaging (p=0.50) did also point to moderate agreement with the anatomopathological findings. The values pointed to a fair agreement for the diagnosis of mucinous cystadenoma (p=0.3), moderate agreement for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (p= 0.41), good agreement for serous cystadenoma (p=0.79), and excellent agreement for choledochal pancreatic cyst (p=1), pancreatic pseudocyst (p=0.84), and Frantz tumor (p=1) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging have an equivalent diagnostic agreement with an anatomopathological diagnosis for differentiating benign from malignant Pancreatic cystic lesions and in suggesting a specific diagnosis. There is no statistical difference between the use of computed tomography alone and computed tomography+magnetic resonance imaging in the improvement of diagnostic accuracy.
Fadiga e satisfação por compaixão em profissionais oncológicos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Saura Ana Paula Neroni Stina , Valóta Izabel Alves das Chagas , Santos Maiara Rodrigues dos , Silva Rodrigo Marques da , Calache Ana Lucia Siqueira Costa
Published: May 2023

Resumo Este artigo busca identificar fatores que podem promover ou prejudicar a qualidade de vida profissional dos profissionais oncológicos segundo critérios de fadiga e satisfação por compaixão. Utilizou-se estudo bibliográfico descritivo, tipo revisão integrativa, sem recorte temporal. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, MEDLINE e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde para a pesquisa analisada por três revisores independentes. Incluíram-se estudos primários nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Realizaram-se análise para alcançar os objetivos propostos neste estudo e síntese dos dados para a apresentação em tabelas e categorias temáticas. Como resultados, selecionaram-se 18 artigos para análise entre os 909 encontrados. Evidenciou-se que fatores sociodemográficos, internos e externos aos indivíduos podem alterar a qualidade de vida profissional. Concluiu-se que características intrínsecas e subjetivas, bem como aspectos do ambiente de trabalho, contribuíram para o desenvolvimento da fadiga por compaixão e da satisfação por compaixão.
Family and the care of older adults with Alzheimer disease: a scoping review
Authors: Silva Pedro Victor de Carvalho , Silva Caléo Moisés Pinto da , Silveira Edilene Aparecida Araujo da
Published: May 2023

Abstract Objective to identify scientific evidence, in the context of the home, available on family care to elderly people with Alzheimer’s disease. Method this is a scoping review according to JBI®, through a search strategy in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, LILACS and BDENF databases. The analysis of the identified material was performed by three independent reviewers. The extracted data were analyzed and synthesized in a narrative way. Results of the 1,546 studies found, 17 were kept for review and their content was summarized and divided into ten types of care: 1) Protection and supervision; 2) Hygiene and comfort; 3) Food and hydration; 4) Social and leisure; 5) Oral hygiene; 6) Drug treatment; 7) Communication; 8) Independence; 9) Cognitive exercises; and 10) Pressure injury prevention. Conclusion and implications for practice there is a lack of studies on the actions carried out by family caregivers and, especially, research on interventions. Care is performed empirically and without professional guidance. It is necessary to invest in research and training for family caregivers.
Norm Contestation for Strategic Effect: Legal Narratives as Information Advantage
Authors: Sari Aurel
Published: May 2023

Telling stories is intrinsic to legal practice. Clients, lawyers, and courts constantly tell stories about the facts and the law to make sense of the world around them. Legal narration is thus a familiar feature at the domestic as well as at the international level. In formal venues, legal storytelling is subject to arange of procedural and substantive requirements. For example, not everyone enjoys standing before a particular court. By contrast, in informal venues, few if any such conditions apply. Press releases, official statements and social media posts provide legal actors with considerable latitude and communicative freedom to give their version of events. Much of this has emancipatory potential, as it can lend a voice to those who lack representation in more formal circumstances. However, it also enables actors to engage in legal discourse, and to spin their stories, without the various checks and balances that apply in formal settings. Legal narratives are also a source of conflict, polemics and even misinformation. The purpose of this article is to take a closer look at the role that legal narratives play in the contestation of, and contestation through, international norms. The article argues that legal narratives display certain distinct features that set them apart from other types of storytelling. Specifically, they are marked by normative constraints imposed by the formal nature of legal reasoning and interpretation and by the logic of rhetoric and the policy choices they are meant to serve. These two features – the formalism of the law and the demands of rhetoric and instrumentalism – pull legal narratives in different directions. Outside formal processes and venues, this tension becomes acute. In the absence of epistemic scrutiny by experts and authorities, legal narratives may stray far from the formalism of the law in pursuit of competing goals. Where these goals gain the upper hand, attaining an information advantage may become their primary purpose, a point the article illustrates with reference to the justifications Russia offered for its invasion of Ukraine in 2022. In such circumstances, legal narratives may invoke the language and authority of the law not just unpersuasively, but falsely.
Of Norms and Ambiguity: The Contested Authority of UN Security Council and African Union in the Use of Force in Africa
Authors: Iyi John-Mark
Published: May 2023

There has been a renewed interest in the debates on the use of force. This resurgence in academic and policy circles can be attributed to the new wave of military interventions after the initial hiatus of the Global War on Terror period. The recent cases of the use of force are once again raising pertinent legal questions regarding the responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security which is vested in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) by the United Nations (UN) Charter. This authority, exemplified by the UNSC control of the use of force has been challenged by unilateral recourse to force by States, coalitions of States and regional organisations. The African Union (AU) has developed regional legal frameworks which may contest some established legal norms on the use of force, including the primary responsibility of the UNSC to authorise the use of force for the maintenance of international peace and security. In this article, I delineate these norm contestations and identify specific modes of such contestations in UNSC-AU relationship within the frameworks of their respective constitutive treaties. I draw on the idea of norm localisation and subsidiarity to understand the African Union’s approach to its relationship with the UNSC, the ways in which these norm contestations impact that relationship and how the contestations affect the norm on the use of force.
RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE SUBJECT AND OBJECT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: SOCIAL CONTEXT AND SYSTEMIC PRINCIPLES
Authors:   Dobrov Institute for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kubalskyi Oleh
Published: May 2023

The issue of subject-object relevance of science as an important socio-cultural phenomenon in the world of dynamic turbulence is updated. The role of science in the life of man and society is determined. An assumption is put forward regarding the content certainty of the concepts of the subject and the object of scientific knowledge in accordance with the scientific paradigms that arise in different historical eras. The fundamental connection between the level of scientific and technological development and the adequacy of cognitive scientific organizational means has been revealed. It is emphasized that at the level of the knowledge society, science is a means of resisting the phenomena of social turbulence. The specific interaction of the subject and the object of scientific knowledge determines their significance, which changes during the cognitive process. The definitions of the subject of scientific knowledge and the object of scientific knowledge are mutually determined and cannot be given in advance and without reference to a certain paradigm of scientific knowledge. Scientific communication plays a decisive role in the continuity and correctness of the transmission of scientific knowledge. Science constantly communicatively clarifies the significance of the interaction between the subject and the object of scientific research as a component of scientific normativity. It was determined that discussions about the essence of science and its place in a socially turbulent society help to determine the priorities of the scientific development of modern humanity, the key problems of scientific knowledge and the prospects for their solution.