bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fanzine e socioeducação: Um resgate de subjetividade para adolescentes confinadas
Authors: Machado Érica Babini , Dinu Vitória , Dos Anjos Milena Trajano , Nunes Elaine
Published: July 2024

RESUMOA vivência em estabelecimentos fechados leva à mortificação do sujeito, dada a perda da autonomia, a degradação etc. A partir dessa realidade, as autoras realizaram atividade de extensão em unidade de internação de adolescentes do sexo feminino, em Recife, no ano de 2014-2015 que visava trabalhar a subjetividade das mesmas. A proposta foi realizar vivências com temas como amor, beleza, amizade, futuro... para em seguida confeccionar Fanzines. A atividade grupal, com manejo de corte e colagem, a confiança entre os “do mundão” e as internas e a saída da unidade para expor e vender o trabalho em atividade específica de aproximação da Universidade com a comunidade – SIUCS – atingiu o objetivo de “empoderá-las” e “sair mentalmente” da casa de internação, pois afinal são meninas, e o Estado negligencia essa realidade. O que as adolescentes, no ócio em vivem, na profanação de suas crenças e de seu próprio eu, a que são sujeitadas, apenas desejavam era estojo de maquiagem, bonecas, motos... desejavam, sobretudo brincar. O projeto Fanzine foi uma pequena possibilidade de fazer com que as adolescentes pensassem não só na dicotomia prisão x “mundão”, mas também no que elas desejam, nas pessoas que são, nos sonhos que vivem latentes em seu interior e no futuro que têm pela frente.PALAVRAS-CHAVEMedida socioeducativa de internação; Mortificação; Extensão universitária; Empoderamento juvenil. ABSTRACTLife in prison transforms subjectivities, leading them to mortification, due to lack of autonomy, degration etc. From this reality, the authors performed an university extension program in a female juvenile detention facility in Recife in 2014-2015 which aimed to work their subjectivity. The proposal was to make experiences with themes such as love, beaty, friendship, future... to, after on, make original fanzines. The group activity, with cutting and gluing handling, the confidence between inmates and people from “the world” and the exit of the detention facility to expose and to sell the work in specific activity of approach between the University and the community - SIUCS - reached the objective of "empower them" and "mentally leave" the detention facility, because after all they are girls, and the State neglects this reality. What adolescents, in idleness in life, in the profanation of their beliefs and of their own self, to which they are subjected, only wished for was a makeup kit, dolls, motorcycles... they wanted, especially, to play. The Fanzine project was a small possibility of making teenagers reflect not only about the prison x worldview dichotomy, but also about what they want, about the person they are, about the dreams that lie dormant in their interior and about the future that lies ahead.KEYWORDSJuvenile detention facility; Mortification; University extension program; Juvenile empowerment.
A defesa dos direitos humanos e a extensão universitária em âmbito penal e penitenciário
Authors: Rotta Almeida Bruno , Pimentel Elaine , Melo Juliana Gonçalves
Published: July 2024

O Dossiê objetivou reunir artigos sobre aportes teóricos e experiências de luta, projetos e ações extensionistas (aportes teóricos ou práticos originados ou desenvolvidos pela Universidade) em torno do sistema penal e prisional, em diferentes áreas de atuação, tendo como público-alvo pessoas privadas de liberdade, funcionários e operadores em geral.
A Case of a Penile Necrosis in a Patient with Simultaneous Fournier’s Gangrene and Priapism
Authors: Bakkali Issaoui Zakaria , Gaudan Ayoub , Kharbach Youssef , Abdelhak Khallouk
Published: July 2024

Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal and genital areas, characterized by severe complications and a high mortality rate. The occurrence of concurrent priapism is extremely rare and carries a very poor prognosis. We report the case of a 74-year-old male patient with no medical history who presented with FG of the scrotum and penis associated with simultaneous priapism. He received intravenous antibiotic therapy, cavernous aspiration, and surgical debridement. In the following days, the penis became completely necrotic. A total penectomy was performed with a perineal urethrostomy following complete wound closure. There are only a few documented cases in the medical literature of simultaneous Fournier's gangrene and priapism. Consequently, there is no established protocol for managing this rare occurrence. When gangrene extends to the penis, cavernous aspiration is not recommended as it tends to exacerbate penile necrosis in the majority of cases. However, early administration of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, surgical debridement, and urinary diversion are necessary to prevent necrosis and sepsis.
Intraoperative Ultrasound guided Palliative Radiofrequency Ablation of Unresectable Nonmetastatic Pancreatic Malignancies: A Pilot Observational Study
Authors: Iancu Ioana , Bartos Adrian , Ciobanu Lidia , Andra Ciocan , Pojoga Cristina , Brinzila Sandu , Breazu Caius , Al Hajjar Nadim
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims: Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable pancreatic tumors represents a palliative method in selected patients. The lack of standardization of the technique used as well as the non-homogeneous immediate and long-term results from the reports in the literature made us evaluate in a pilot study the application of a standardized technique through a surgical approach, with the evaluation of the immediate and long-term results.
Methods: Ten consecutive patients diagnosed with unresectable nonmetastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma were referred for radio-frequency ablation by surgical approach. For that, a UniBlate (AngioDinamics®) internal cooled electrode was used, under intraoperative ultrasound guidance. We analysed the morbidity, mortality and survival associated with this procedure. The median follow-up period was 12 months.
Results: Intraoperative ultrasound was essential for guiding the procedure. No mortality and no major postoperative complications after intraoperative tumoral ablations were noted. The median survival after the procedure was 7.5 months.
Conclusions: Radiofrequency intraoperative ablation of unresectable pancreatic tumors is a feasible procedure, with low morbidity and mortality if standardized, being noninferior to palliative chemotherapy alone in regards with survival. A larger study is necessary to demonstrate the potential benefits in survival, the role of multidisciplinary selection being also mandatory.
Chromosomal abnormalities in children as a predictor of the development of congenital heart and vascular diseases
Authors: Selska Z.V. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sadova O.R. , Bobrova V.I. , Popov K.E. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Ukraine,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common of all congenital abnormalities in children and cover a wide range of lesions. They can manifest as minor defects and very complex combined lesions that are incompatible with life. CHDs occur on average in 8-10 cases per 100 live births. The complexity and diversity of cardiovascular defects is traditionally explained by multifactorial etiology, due to the interaction between several genes and environmental factors (the so-called “polygenic model”), but chromosomal abnormalities are often the leading factor in the occurrence of CHDs. The importance of studying chromosomal pathology in the context of CHD lies in the possibility of identifying specific genetic markers that are predictors of the development of these conditions. The aim - to analyze the current research data on the frequency of CHDs in children with chromosomal pathology; find out the structural features and possibilities of correction of these defects; evaluate the prognostic possibilities of genetic counseling in the prevention and early detection of congenital cardiovascular system pathology in children with chromosomal defects. The most common chromosomal abnormalities and their impact on the development of the child’s cardiovascular system are considered, and the current state of research in this area is reflected. Clinical signs of the main types of chromosomal abnormalities, their cardiac and extracardiac manifestations are presented. It is established that the largest proportion of CHDs in patients with chromosomal abnormalities are septal defects, which are usually associated with impaired development of endocardial cushions due to an imbalance in the expression of genes located on the affected chromosomes. Genetic testing for congenital cardiovascular abnormality can potentially improve prognosis by providing valuable information on personalized health care, confidence in clinical diagnosis, and patient follow-up. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.
Mathematical modeling of the dynamics of newborns’ morbidity and mortality in Ukraine by 2026
Authors: Vezhnovets T.A. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korotkyi O.V. , Orabina T.M. , Gurianov V.G. , Marushko Y.V. , Pysariev А.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Bogomolets National Medical University of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: July 2024

The aim is to produce the model of the Ukrainian newborns’ morbidity and mortality dynamics by 2026. Materials and methods. Statistical data from Ukrainian healthcare institutions that provided perinatal care during the period from 2012 to 2022 were analyzed, based on Form 21 'Report on Medical Assistance to Pregnant Women, Women in Labor, and Postpartum Women for the Year 20__'. For mathematical modeling, the authors applied univariate regression models, and assessed the quality of the models using the Pearson correlation coefficient or coefficient of determination R². The differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05. The authors used MedCalc® Statistical Software version 22.009 for data treatment. Results. By 2026, the authors forecast that in Ukraine the proportion of newborns who are born sick or become ill will increase to 27.01% (p<0.001). From 2012 to 2022, the morbidity rate per 1,000 newborns increased from 188.67 in 2012 to 392.76 in 2022 (p<0.001). Particularly rapid growth was identified during the period from 2021 to 2022. In 2026, further increase in this indicator is forecasted under a polynomial regression model scenario to 763.98 per 1,000 newborns, and under a linear scenario to 551.20 per 1,000 newborns (p<0.001). From 2012 to 2022, there was a decrease in the mortality rate of newborns who were born sick or became ill. In 2012, 2 out of every 100 such newborns died, while in 2022, the figure was one child. By 2026, a further decrease in the mortality rate of newborns for specific diagnoses is forecasted. Conclusions. By 2026, an increase in the incidence of newborn diseases due to poor management of pregnancy and childbirth is predicted, along with a decrease in mortality among sick newborns, due to the high-tech neonatal care in perinatal centers. To reduce the incidence of newborn diseases, it is necessary to develop an effective strategy for improving perinatal care, aimed at enhancing the quality of pregnancy and childbirth management, and strengthening neonatal care in the context of increasing morbidity. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the clinical base. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Early strength and durability of tannery sludge/metakaolin based geopolymer as concrete pavement repair material
Authors: Jin Mantong , Yang Ganghong , Wang Zhuohui , Zhao Peisen , Zheng Xinrun , Pan Zhiyan , Wu Jiangfan
Published: July 2024

Approaches to synthesising rapid geopolymer repair materials made from tannery sludge (TS) and metakaolin (MK) were explored to investigate the treatment and utilisation of TS. The setting time and 1-day compressive strength were taken as indicators for evaluating the performance of the TS/MK geopolymer as a repair material. The effects of the silica/alumina molar ratio (A), sodium oxide/silica molar ratio (B), water/cement (w/c) ratio (C) and TS content (D) were determined, and the durability of the geopolymer was also studied. The optimum formula (A = 2.58, B = 0.33, C = 0.67 and D = 10%) met the requirements for a pavement repair material. The final setting time of the optimum formula was 102 min, the 1-day compressive strength was 21.0 MPa and the chromium leaching concentration was 7.52 mg/l. The geopolymer also exhibited good resistance to high temperatures, acid rain and freeze–thaw processes. A geopolymer repair material that exhibited high early strength and stable performance at later stages was thus synthesised. Microstructure was examined using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy, and it was found that a decrease in geopolymer gelation and increases in the pore size and porosity resulted in a decrease in the properties of the repair material.
Digestibilidad ileal aparente de la proteína, en pollos de engorde alimentados parcialmente con torta de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis)
Authors: Alcivar Cobeña José Luis , Martínez-Pérez Madeleidy , Figueroa-Toalombo María , Salazar-Salazar Lizeth
Published: July 2024

This research was conducted at the experimental farm “Andil” of the State University of the South of Manabí, Cantón Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador, with the aim of evaluating the ethological behavior of the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of Cobb 500 chickens in individual cages. 36 male chickens were used which were distributed in four treatments with different inclusion levels of sacha Inchi cake (SIC): T1 = control, without SIC, T2 = 10 % SIC, T3 = 20 % SIC and T4 = 30 % SIC. A Completely Randomized Design (DCA) was used for the statistical analysis, where each treatment had 12 repetitions, locating one animal per experimental unit. The results determined that chickens had a good response in quickly adapting to the cages, in addition to not reporting mortality and accepting food. The apparent ileal digestibility of DM did not show a difference between the treatments, while the N differed between the control group and the inclusion of T4 with 30 % (SIC), which was higher for the latter (85.20 vs 90.23 %). The results allow to conclude that the ethological behavior of the animals is not affected and good indices of ileal digestibility of DM and N are obtained when adding SIC in the diet of broilers.
Fenomenología de la narración audiovisual para la formación ética empleando el “anime”
Authors: Casallo Mesías Víctor Francisco
Published: July 2024

Ethic formation faces the challenge of being understandable for students, but, aboveall, of being expressed in their own ways of understanding and discussing their lives, in orderto be relevant. One especially attractive form among children and young people is audiovisualcommunication, whose formative potential has been usually understood in instrumental terms,when not absolutely denied. This article presents a phenomenological proposal to dialogicallyelaborate in the classroom the problematization of duty centered ethics, as it is dramatized in twoJapanese animation productions (“anime”). In first place, it discusses phenomenologically howto understand the formative potential of the experience of watching an animated narrative. Insecond place, it claims that the phenomenological reinterpretation of the categorical imperativecan overcome its disconnection from the affective dimension of the ethical subject and his factualcontexts of action to focus on the caring of the human condition of vulnerability. In third place,it shows how the previous discussions are elaborated in two “anime”, which allow students toexperientially involve themselves in these ethical interpellations and offer teachers the opportunityto embrace their student’s insights in a dialogical learning experience understood narratively.It concludes summarizing the opportunities and challenges presented to teachers from thisperspective of the meaning of audiovisual creations in the education activity.
Solid Waste in Urban Areas: A Multidimensional Statistical Approach on Irregular Disposal and Burning in the Municipality of Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais
Authors: Coelho Arthur Campos , Costa Alexandre Sylvio Vieira da
Published: July 2024

The improper disposal of urban waste is a global concern, especially in large cities considering aspects of environmental and visual pollution. This study provides a detailed analysis of the municipality of Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, identifying local nuances and a better understanding of this issue to support decisions for corrective actions. It assesses the persistence and incidence of waste burning at irregular disposal sites in the municipality, emphasizing its environmental and health impacts. This work utilized a combined approach of georeferenced mapping with Google Earth Pro images, complemented by in-situ checks with GPS devices. The statistical analysis of the collected data was performed using the PSPP software. Statistical analyses were supported by contingency tables, the application of the chi-square test, Phi, Cramer's V, and Odds Ratio, evaluating the characteristics of the associations. A strong association was identified between the persistent disposal of solid waste in undeveloped areas and the presence of tree pruning and gardening waste. The research also demonstrated a significant association of areas with signs of burning that were located in public spaces. Additionally, a significant statistical association was confirmed at sites where paper and plastic disposals and burning were identified. This research expands the understanding of disposal practices in urban contexts and provides a replicable model of combined georeferenced analysis with physical checks, in addition to the risks to public health and the environment. The results obtained demonstrate direct implications for waste management policies, raising awareness of the consequences of improper disposal and burning.
Successful School Principals in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Schools: A Grounded Theory Research from Turkish Context
Authors: Duran Ali , Cemaloğlu Necati
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to delve into the characteristics, professional competencies, leadership attitudes, and behaviors of successful school principals (SSPs) in socioeconomically disadvantaged schools. Utilizing a systematic grounded theory method (SGTM), we conducted research in the provinces of Amasya, Çorum, Samsun, and Tokat in Türkiye. Purposeful and theoretical sampling methods were employed to recruit successful school principals, deputy principals, teachers, students, and parents from secondary schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education (MoNE). The data draws on unstructured individual and focus group interviews, as well as documents and observations. All the data obtained were inductively analyzed through open, axis, and selective coding stages. Based on the codes, sub-categories, categories, themes, and dimensions from the analyses, we designed the Contextual Successful School Principalship Model (CSSPM), which falls into four dimensions as follows: individual, managerial, organizational, and instructional. SSPs in this study mostly tend to display paternalistic leadership attitudes and behaviors in terms of dedication and self-sacrifice, serving, intrinsic motivation, and influencing stakeholders. They exhibit almost all the attitudes and behaviors of servant leadership, act according to some national and moral values, and experience national attitudes such as patriotism and nationalism intensely. By giving importance to the academic socialization of students' mothers, successful school principals exhibit transformational and instructional leadership behaviors. They act strategically to directly involve mothers in enhancing student achievement, demonstrating their commitment to fostering an inclusive and supportive educational environment.
Determination of Teacher Qualifications from the Perspective of Stakeholders: Rubric Development Study
Authors: Yaman Süleyman , Bal İncebacak Belgin , Sarışan Tungaç Aslı
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to develop a rubric to determine the qualifications of teachers, one of the most important elements of education. There are many measurement tools in the literature. One of the alternative and authentic assessment tools is rubrics, also known as rubrics. Rubrics have been defined in many studies in the literature. In the study, the rubric development stages suggested by Goodrich Andrade were taken into account. The rubric was created after the reliability studies of the rubric form were completed. In the research, an analytical rubric with 37 items was developed to be used in determining ‘the qualified teacher.’ The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of the developed measurement tool was found to be .96. Based on the results obtained from the research, it can be stated that the developed rubric is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in the qualitative evaluation of teachers teaching all levels. The findings showed that the rubric had high agreement and reliability values among different stakeholder groups. Therefore, it can be said that this study provides a basis for Türkiye in determining teacher qualifications for science education, especially in the field of education. The developed rubric serves as a valid and reliable measurement tool, contributing to the objective assessment of teacher performance across all levels of the education process.
Standardized Protocol for Transect Set-up and Palm Inventory for the DOPAMICS Research Program v1
Authors: Engel Julien , Mabobet Kevin , Testé Marc , Brousseau Louise
Published: July 2024

We describe the protocol developed as part of the ERC-funded DOPAMICS research program for setting up transects and conducting palm inventories in three forested pre-Columbian sites in French Guiana: MC87 near Régina, the "Grand plateau" in the CNRS Nouragues Research Station, and Mont Galbao near Saül. The objective of this field survey was to assess the distribution of Neotropical palms and to conduct following geoarchaeological surveys, and soil and palm sampling. In each study site, a transect approximately 1,000 metres long was set up from a pre-Columbian ring ditch and extended through the surrounding landscape. The transects were positioned to span different levels of human occupation (from pre-Columbian ring ditch hills with strong evidence of human occupation, RH, to adjacent hills or slopes with no or sparse evidence of pre-Columbian occupation, AH) and different microhabitats (including well-drained terra-firme and waterlogged bottomlands). Palms were inventoried over a band of 20 metres in width around the central line. This protocol is made open access under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY). It details the inventory strategy and steps, and the material needed with the aim to encourage future reuses of this protocol for the same or similar research purposes, and to improve the reproducibility of the research conducted. Reuse of this protocol must credit the authors and mention its DOI.
Corrosion resistance improvement of steel AISI 4140 by using a titanium/titanium nitride multilayer coating system
Authors: Correa Faber , Caicedo Julio César , Aperador William , Rincón Carlos Alberto , Bejarano Gilberto
Published: July 2024

Steel 4140 is widely used for fabrication of machines components with hardness between 25 and 35 Rockwell C (HRC). However, life time of this steel is limited by its low wear and corrosion resistance. In order to enhance its corrosion behavior, multilayer of Ti/TiN were deposited onto 4140 steel samples by d.c. reactive magnetron sputtering using a high purity titanium target (99.9) in an Ar/N2 atmosphere. With the purpose to study the influence of the layer number on the rate of corrosion of deposited films, multilayer of [Ti /TiN] were growth with 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 bilayers and a 3 µm constant thickness for all samples. The grown phases and chemical composition were analyzed by x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) respectively. Additionally, the uncoated and coated steel samples were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel’s polarisation curves. A corrosion rate reduction of approximately 87% was found for the steel sample coated with 20 bilayers of Ti/TiN compared with the uncoated, and of 25% related to the sample coated with 1 bilayer. This evidences the positive effect of the period increase of the multilayered Ti/TiN thin films on their corrosion resistance.
Column Generation Algorithm: A revision from its application to the Student Assignation Problem
Authors: Maya Pablo Andrés
Published: July 2024

The Column Generation Algorithm (CGA) is commonly cited in the bibliography as alternative to solve large scale optimization problems. This article deals with the description of the GC algorithm in the context of the student assignation to the public schools. Some of the wea�nesses and shortcomings encountered in the implementation and application to a real problem are discussed and some strategies to sort it out are presented. This work pointed out how the CGA could be used within a general Branch and Price procedure to solve problems with additional constrains.
Design of the Automatic System for an Electroplating Pilot Plant. Part I: Hierarchical Petri Nets Model
Authors: Zapata Germán , Hoyos Bibian , Quintero Luis
Published: July 2024

The description of the design and automation of a hard nickel electroplating pilot plant using rectangular pulse current is presented. For the automation of this process the Petri nets (PN) are described and used, starting from their more basic form and justifying why to use higher levels of abstraction or extensions of the same ones. These levels include the IPN (Interpreted PN), HPN (Hierarchical PN) and, finally, as a complement to this article the use of the HCPN (Hierarchical Colored PN). The results are reflected in the reduction of the pattern complexity due to the properties of modularization of the nets of higher level.
Data networking evolution: Toward an all-optical n all-optical communications platform
Authors: Puerto-Leguizamón Gustavo , Ortega Beatriz , Capmany José , Cardona-Urrego Karen , Suárez-Fajardo Carlos
Published: July 2024

An introduction to optical networks in which the evolution undergone by such networks is presented in order to manage the future demand on the transport of IP traffic is described. This evolution has been boosted by the deployment of all optical devices featuring all optical processing capabilities. Similarly, an all optical packet router is presented based on the label swapping paradigm with the ability to route and forward IP packets at 10 Gb/s. The proposed router is able to process variable length packets and its performance is experimentally verified.
Characteristics of vehicle routing for food distribution in Aburra’s Valley
Authors: Correa Andres Felipe , Gómez Héctor Manuel , Loaiza Jhon Fredy , Lopera Diana Catalina , Villegas Juan Guillermo
Published: July 2024

This paper reports the results of a survey of vehicle routing decisions of food industries located in Aburra’s Valle (Colombia). The survey includes the elements of the vehicle routing process: type of decisions, special constraints, goals, tools, advantages and disadvantages of the methods currently in use. Finally, some opportunities to improve the distribution process are identified.
Use of chemical methods to synthesize SnO2 -TiO2 nanopartícles
Authors: Montenegro Hernández Alejandra , Cerón Nathalie Marcela , Rodríguez Páez Jorge Enrique
Published: July 2024

In this work, chemical routes were used to synthesize SnO2 -TiO2 ceramic powders: precipitation and polymeric precursor (Pechini) methods. The ceramics powders were characterized by Differential thermal and thermal gravimetric analysis (DTA/TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X Ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesized ceramic powders presented nanometric sized and high chemical purity.
Educational software for the teaching of the dynamics and control of shell and tube heat exchangers
Authors: Machuca Fiderman , Urresta Oscar
Published: July 2024

The present work shows the software structure developed for teaching and learning of the dynamics and control of shell and tubes heat exchangers. The program shows (numerical and graphical mode) the dynamic behavior in open and closed loop under different design parameters and variable operations conditions. The software allows changing operation and design conditions such as temperature and flow inlet in shells and tubes, number and length of tubes, inside and outside diameter of tubes, number of passes, shell outside diameter and fouling factor.
Distributed generation scheme analysis as an option for colombian electrical system
Authors: Mantilla González Juan Miguel , Duque Daza Carlos Alberto , Galeano Urueña Carlos Humberto
Published: July 2024

This article presents an analysis about the pertinence of the implementation of distributed generation systems in Colombia. Different experiences of this type of generation schemes adopted in several countries are explored, making a special emphasis on the economic and environmental results, and on the improvement of the electrical supply reliability reported by different authors. A characterization of the Colombian electrical sector is made, through an historical synthesis of its evolution until its present state. Finally, a comparison between the described cases and the current state of the national electrical sector is presented, defining advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of distributed generation in Colombia, as well as, conditions for an effective and permanent positioning of these technologies in power schemes similar to those in Colombia. This work concludes with the real possibility for the implementation of distributed generation systems under conditions of government stimulus for the development of generation technologies based on renewable energies and co-generation.
Implementation of a bus with natural gas articulated motor in Colombia’s massive transportation system: A technical study
Authors: Mantilla-González Juan Miguel , Galeano Carlos , Acevedo Helmer , Duque Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

This paper shows the results of the performance of an articulated prototype bus fueled with compressed natural gas (CNG). The results will be used to establish the technical viability of the fleet implementation in the massive transport systems of the largest Colombian cities. In order to carry out the evaluation, some SAE recommended practices were modified to set with this kind of bus. Main performance parameters were obtained. The tests were made in two different cities the first one was Bogotá, Colombia’s capital with 10 million inhabitants and located at 2600 meters above sea level (masl). The second city was Cali, with 4 million inhabitants and located at 900 masl. The results show that it is feasible to implement this articulated bus in the city of Cali, whereas in Bogota some modifications in the fuel system are needed, since the bus prototype does not fulfill the acceleration requirements imposed by the local authorities for massive transport systems. On the other hand the fuel consumption is similar to that of the articulated buses fueled with diesel fuel that actually operate in Bogotá.
Production and characterization of porous bodies of synthetic hydroxyapatite
Authors: González Jazmín , Escobar Diana Marcela , Ossa Claudia Patricia
Published: July 2024

The gel-casting process has been used for the preparation of ceramic and metallic materials making it possible to obtain shapes with controlled microstructure and mechanical properties. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a bioactive ceramic, due to its capacity to form chemical bonds with the bone tissue but, it has low mechanical resistance. In this work HA foams were prepared using gel-casting, with two solid percentages, 40 and 50%. The obtained foams were characterized by X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and compression tests. Results show that the foams have open and interconnected pores with sizes close to 100 µm. Mechanical tests indicate that the compressive strength increases by increasing solid percentage. The high potential of this process is demonstrated for the fabrication of porous bodies to be used in reconstructive surgery.
Dynamic and static measurements of small strain moduli of toyoura sand
Authors: Builes Manuel , García Edwin , Riveros Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

A series of triaxial tests were performed on specimens made of Toyoura sand having different dry densities. Very small unloading/ reloading cycles were applied to obtain “static” Young’s modulus. Furthermore, as the “dynamic” measurements, two types of wave propagation techniques were applied; one using Bender elements, and the other one using piezoelectric actuators to excite primary and secondary waves. Based on these static and dynamic measurements, we discuss the following aspects: 1) the difference among the three types of dynamic measurements, 2) the relationships between the dynamic and static measurement results and 3) the effects of stress stateinduced anisotropy and dry densities of the specimens.
Emission patterns of urban air pollution
Authors: Puliafito Enrique , Allende David
Published: July 2024

The estimation of air quality and greenhouse emissions at urban centres is based on detailed source inventories, pollution and meteorological monitoring data and an adequate modelling capability. These inventories are normally assembled either in a top-down or bottom-up approach, depending on the available information and the desired spatial and temporal resolution. In this paper we ﬁ rst present the inventories calculated under both methods, for the city of Mendoza, Argentina. The emission estimations are spatially distributed using a geographical information system leading to an urban emission pattern or grid. This emission grid is used to compute the air pollutant concentrations, which are calculated using two dispersion algorithms: ISC3P and CALPUF. Finally the results are compared with data from monitoring stations.
Study of the ceramic processing of clays from “La Codicia” (Guapi, Colombia) for their potential use in the elaboration of ceramic pieces
Authors: Muñoz Chaves Javier Andrés , Muñoz Menese Rodrigo Arbey , Mancill Paulino , Rodríguez Páez Jorge Enrique
Published: July 2024

In this work the characteristics of a clay from the region of Guapi, Cauca, Colombia were determined. Also, a methodology was established to defi ne the conditions to conform ceramic pieces. Chemical structure, characteristic composition and thermal behavior of raw material were determined using X-ray fl uorescence, (FRX), X- ray diffraction (DRX) and thermal gravimetric analysis (ATD/TG), respectively. Different stages of the ceramic processing were studied paying attention to dosage of the ceramic pastes, pressing of the pieces, drying and sintering. Variables controlled were shaping pressure, lost of weight, time of drying, density in green and sintering temperature, among others. To achieve an appropriate drying it was necessary to maintain the samples in a controlled humidity atmosphere during about 7 days. Independent of the composition of the pastes, sintering above 1000 °C was necessary to obtain high density samples considering that at 950 °C des-density of samples was observed probably due to “Ostwald ripening” type phenomenon.
Cold fl ow properties of palm oil biodiesel
Authors: Benjumea Pedro Nel , Ramiro Agudelo John , Ríos Luis Alberto
Published: July 2024

The faulty performance of palm oil biodiesel at low temperatures constitutes its main quality drawback and limitation to use this alternative fuel for diesel engines either as a neat fuel or blended with conventional diesel fuel derived from petroleum. In this work, several alternatives for improving the cold fl ow properties of palm oil biodiesel are evaluated. The production of biodiesel using branched-chain alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-butyl alcohol and isopentyl alcohol allows the production of palm oil alkyl esters having cloud and pour points lower than those of methyl esters. Substituting isopropyl for the methyl group allows reductions in the cloud and pour points of 8 and 21 ºC, respectively. Palm oil isopropyl esters have a cloud point 10 ºC lower than the corresponding methyl esters. The cloud point of the palm oil biodieseldiesel fuel blends linearly increases with mixture biodiesel content. In the case of the tested blends there may be fuel fi lterability problems only at temperatures below -4 ºC. This work also presents the effectiveness of two commercial additives used to reduce the cold fi lter plugging point of neat biodiesel and the tested blends. The results obtained showed that by using such additives it is only possible to obtain reductions in the B5 blend cold fi lter plugging point when the lowest additive concentration was used.
A 3D evaluation of electrical variables in a thigh regarding magnetic stimulation of femoral diaphysis fractures
Authors: Moncada María Elena , Cadavid Héctor
Published: July 2024

The behavior of electrical variables induced in a 3D thigh geometric model with femoral diaphyseal fracture stimulated magnetically is examined. A methodology for construction of each patient thigh conformed by six scale models, including the fracture shape with blood material was developed. A pair of Helmholtz coils is added to the geometric model as a stimulation source. The stimulation signal is between 0,5 -2 mT and 5-100 Hz. The results refl ect the importance of the thigh geometries, the magnetic fi eld and intensity with the magnitude and polarity of the induced electric fi eld, and the frequency and magnetic fi eld with the induced current density. This methodology does not require additional expenses to the conventional treatment.
Husk of rice as source of SiO2
Authors: Rodríguez-Páez Jorge Enrique , Macíaz-Pinto Diego , Arcos Claudia Andrea
Published: July 2024

The husk of rice contains high levels of silica when calcined. This work was carried out to study the nature of the organic components where the silicon complexes are nucleated and the best conditions for the synthesis of SiO2. The husk of rice and silica were analized by SEM, DRX, FTIR, TGA. The husk was treated with HCl to eliminate impurities as Fe, Na, K, etc. The results show that silica nucleates in the external part of the husk, composite of cellulose. SiO2 is amorphous, with a high specific surface (~2772 m2 /g), arbitrary morphology and nanometric size (< 200 nm).
Jacobsen’s catalyst anchored on Al-MCM-41 and NH2 group modiﬁed Si-MCM-41 as heterogeneous enantioselective epoxidation catalyst using in situ generated dimethyldioxirane as oxidant
Authors: Cubillos Jairo , Hölderich Wolfgang
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se investigó la actividad catalítica del catalizador de Jacobsen inmovilizado en Al-MCMC-41 y en NH2-Si-MCM-41 en la epoxidación enantioselectiva de tres olefinas proquirales, utilizando dimetildioxirano generado in situ como agente oxidante. Con este agente oxidante, el catalizador no sufrió cambios significativos en su estructura química. El catalizador se reutilizó exitosamente, cuando se inmovilizó por enlace químico covalente a través del ligando de salen.
Char morphology characterization from pulverized coal: a review
Authors: Rojas Andrés , Barraza Juan
Published: July 2024

Char is the solid remainder from coal when subjected to volatile matter extraction at high temperatures in inert atmosphere and at short residence time (devolatilisation process). Generally, this process is carried out in fluidized bed reactors, in drop tube furnace and electrical meshes. The operation conditions, such as atmosphere type, heating rate, temperature and pressure, and coal characteristics, such as rank, petrographic composition and microlitotypes, produce morphologic changes in the char structure and different solid remainder types is obtained. These morphologic differences directly affect the combustion process characteristics. In this paper, the historical development of the char morphologies classification is summarized. Initially, the classification was carried out by manual analysis, and actually automatic image analysis is used. However, different classifications were reported in the literature, which led to the need for a unified system of classification. Recently, ICCP (International for Committee Coal and Organic Petrology) introduced a morphology char classification system.
A new algorithm for feature selection based on rough sets theory
Authors: Caballero Yailé , Álvarez Delia , Baltá Analay , Bello Rafael , García María
Published: July 2024

Rough Sets Theory has opened new trends for the development of data analysis techniques. In this theory, the notion of reduct is very significant, but obtaining a reduct in a decision system is an expensive computing process although very important in data analysis and new discoveries. Because of this, it has been necessary to develop different variants to calculate reducts. The present work looks into the utility that offers Rough Sets in feature selection and a new method is presented with the purpose of calculate a good reduct. This new method consists of a greedy algorithm that uses heuristics to work out a good reduct in acceptable times. Experimental results obtained by using different data sets are presented.
Survey of clustering techniques for mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Correa Blanca Alicia , Ospina Laura , Hincapié Roberto Carlos
Published: July 2024

Clustering methods allow fast connection and also better routing and topology management of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). In this paper a survey of clustering techniques for MANET is presented and some preliminary concepts for designing clustering algorithms are introduced. These concepts relate to network topology, routing schemes, graph partitioning and mobility algorithms. In addition, some of the most popular clustering techniques, such as Lowest-ID heuristic, Highest degree heuristic, DMAC (distributed mobility-adaptive clustering), and WCA (weighted clustering algorithm), among other techniques are described. The aim is to illustrate the main concepts concerning clustering techniques in mobile ad hoc networks.
Subpopulation best rotation: a modification on PSO
Authors: Barrera-Alviar Jorge , Peña Jorge , Hincapié Roberto
Published: July 2024

This paper deals with a modification on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), an original topology whose use can be justified to optimize multimodal functions. The analysis is further verified by some proofs, using different benchmark functions with asymmetric initialization. The method is optimistic and may be a starting point for further discussions.
Professional competences: Strategy for curriculum transformation in Industrial Enginering
Authors: Tirado Luis Javier , Estrada Jairo , Jairo Raúl , Solano Hernando , Alfonso Diego , Restrepo Guillermo , Delgado Juan Felipe , Ortiz Delfín
Published: July 2024

This study presents the concept of competences as successful performance of a job or occupation by effectively combining knowledge, skills, values and attitudes in a defined context. Then the pedagogical and didactical importance of designing a curriculum based on competences is presented, following general procedures that begin with an evaluation of the current training plan, followed by an evaluation of the industrial, professional and social environment. Finally, a competence map, problematical nodes and learning projects are designed.
The study is concluded by presenting a map of professional competences applied to Industrial Engineering, in which global competences, composed of units and elements of competence, divided into skills, knowledge, values, attitudes, fields of application and evidences develop from the mission of this professional.
Structural health monitoring methodology for simply supported bridges: numerical implementation
Authors: Riveros Jerez Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

Structural health monitoring of civil structures is currently receiving great amount of attention by researchers due to the economic impact and life-safety implications of early damage detection. Current visual inspection techniques, which aim to detect local damage, can be used in conjunction with a structural health monitoring system to inspect more localized regions. This paper presents a structural health monitoring methodology for simply supported bridges, which is divided into four steps; the first step deals with the optimum location of sensors using the concept of Fisher information matrix, the second and third steps use ambient excitation sources for system identification and the final step employs the Bayesian probabilistic approach to detect structural damage sites. A finite element model of a scaled bridge is used to carry out this numerical implementation. The results show that the proposed methodology can be implemented in the railway system of Medellín. The repetitive pattern of simply supported bridges can greatly facilitate the implementation of damage monitoring systems for the whole railway system.
Use of a flow balance method for the evaluation of the hydrologic behavior of the wetland “ciénaga de Cachimbero”
Authors: Molina Giraldo Nelson , Piza Torres Carolina , Wills Toro Álvaro
Published: July 2024

The Wetland “ciénaga de Cachimbero”, located in the municipality of Cimitarra, Santander, has ecological and environmental importance for the region. It has been inventoried by the Ministry of the Environment and been catalogued as Palustral. A combined modeling and experimental approach to the hydrology of the wetland was carried out aiming at establishing a temporal evaluation scheme; the principal components of the water balance were determined. A scheme of observation and analysis of the hydrological variables, allowing the modeling of the flow balance, was implemented. The main objective of this work was then to formulate a dailyscale operative model of the natural hydrology behavior of the wetland aimed at the prediction of the temporal patterns of the water level and volume variations. It was found that the hydrology behavior is primarily controlled by the rain patterns, the morphometric characteristics of the basin (bathymetry), the evapotranspiration processes, and the flow patterns of the river that communicates the wetland with the Magdalena River.
Analysing the enhancement edges of the Bouguer gravity anomaly map using sunshading method (area of the Tangier-Tetuan, Morocco)
Authors: Bakkali Saad , Amrani Mahacine
Published: July 2024

Sunshading is a powerful tool for the enhancement of edges in images. Given the azimuth and elevation of a source of illumination, it calculates the reflectance from a surface which is composed of the data to be interpreted. It is a standard tool used in the interpretation of geophysical potential field data. Aerial and terrestrial gravimetric surveys were carried out in the region of Tangier-Tetuan. From the observed and measured data of gravity Bouguer a gravity anomaly map was prepared. This paper reports the results and interpretations of the sunshaded maps of Bouguer gravity anomaly of the Tangier-Tetuan area using image processing. Filtering analysis based on classical image process. Operator image process, such as contrast enhancement, is used as well. This paper also presents the results obtained from this image processing analysis of the enhancement edges of the Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the Tangier-Tetuan zone.