bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Children’s Clothing Virtual Simulation Immersive Design and Show Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Jingyu Dai , Hongyu Dai , Jianxing Wang , Xuanzi Wang
Published: November 2021

In view of the inconvenient display of children’s clothing, the poor experience of designers when modifying sample clothes, and the immature display of children’s clothing, which affects the rational judgment of fashion buyers, this paper puts forward the modular design method of children’s clothing virtual fitting. This research uses Lectra CAD software to make children’s clothing pattern, Clo3D for virtual modular design, and “Insanda children’s clothing virtual design and show” for virtual try-on and show. The simulation results show that the research can effectively improve the efficiency of designers and buyers, can save costs, and can be effectively applied in the commercial field. At the same time, it provides a practical basis for the development of children’s clothing virtual display technology and the formulation of standards related to children’s clothing in the future.
An Intelligent Evaluation Method of Information Course Teaching Effect Based on Image Analysis
Authors: Chen HaiDong , Zhang JuFang
Published: November 2021

Due to its own limitations, the traditional teaching quality evaluation method has been unable to adapt to the development of information-based curriculum teaching. Therefore, the establishment of a scientific and intelligent teaching effect evaluation method will help to improve the teaching quality of college teachers. To solve the above problems, a student fatigue state evaluation method based on the quantum particle swarm optimization artificial neural network is proposed. Firstly, face detection is realized by adding three Haar-like feature blocks and improving the AdaBoost algorithm of a weak classifier connection. Secondly, in order to effectively improve the image imbalance, the MSR algorithm is used to enhance the face data image, which is effectively suitable for network training. Then, by readjusting the connection mode, the DenseNet is improved to fully reflect the local detail feature information of the low level. Finally, quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is used to optimize the DenseNet structure, which makes the optimization of network structure more automatic and solves the uncertainty of manual selection. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a good detection effect and prove the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed method.
An Attractive Approach Associated with Transform Functions for Solving Certain Fractional Swift-Hohenberg Equation
Authors: Alaroud Mohammad , Tahat Nedal , Al-Omari Shrideh , Suthar D. L. , Gulyaz-Ozyurt Selma
Published: November 2021

Many phenomena in physics and engineering can be built by linear and nonlinear fractional partial differential equations which are considered an accurate instrument to interpret these phenomena. In the current manuscript, the approximate analytical solutions for linear and nonlinear time-fractional Swift-Hohenberg equations are created and studied by means of a recent superb technique, named the Laplace residual power series (LRPS) technique under the time-Caputo fractional derivatives. The proposed technique is a combination of the generalized Taylor’s formula and the Laplace transform operator, which depends mainly on the concept of limit at infinity to find the unknown functions for the fractional series expansions in the Laplace space with fewer computations and more accuracy comparing with the classical RPS that depends on the Caputo fractional derivative for each step in obtaining the coefficient expansion. To test the simplicity, performance, and applicability of the present method, three numerical problems of the time-fractional Swift-Hohenberg initial value problems are considered. The impact of the fractional order

β

on the behavior of the approximate solutions at fixed bifurcation parameter is shown graphically and numerically. Obtained results emphasized that the LRPS technique is an easy, efficient, and speed approach for the exact description of the linear and nonlinear time-fractional models that arise in natural sciences.
A Job‐Shop Scheduling Problem with Bidirectional Circular Precedence Constraints
Authors: Pongchairerks Pisut
Published: November 2021

This paper introduces a job‐shop scheduling problem (JSP) with bidirectional circular precedence constraints, called BCJSP. In the problem, each job can be started from any operation and continued by its remaining operations in a circular precedence‐relation chain via either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. To solve BCJSP, this paper proposes a multilevel metaheuristic consisting of top‐, middle‐, and bottom‐level algorithms. The top‐ and middle‐level algorithms are population‐based metaheuristics, while the bottom‐level algorithm is a local search algorithm. The top‐level algorithm basically controls a start operation and an operation‐precedence‐relation direction of each job, so that BCJSP becomes a JSP instance that is a subproblem of BCJSP. Moreover, the top‐level algorithm can also be used to control input parameters of the middle‐level algorithm, as an optional extra function. The middle‐level algorithm controls input parameters of the bottom‐level algorithm, and the bottom‐level algorithm then solves the BCJSP’s subproblem. The middle‐level algorithm evolves the bottom‐level algorithm’s parameter values by using feedback from the bottom‐level algorithm. Likewise, the top‐level algorithm evolves the start operations, the operation‐precedence‐relation directions, and the middle‐level algorithm’s parameter values by using feedback from the middle‐level algorithm. Performance of two variants of the multilevel metaheuristic (i.e., with and without the mentioned extra function) was evaluated on BCJSP instances modified from well‐known JSP instances. The variant with the extra function performs significantly better in number than the other. The existing JSP‐solving algorithms can also solve BCJSP; however, their results on BCJSP are clearly worse than those of the two variants of the multilevel metaheuristic.
A Modified TODIM Based on Compromise Distance for MAGDM with q‐Rung Orthopair Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers
Authors: Wan Benting , Huang Juelin , Zhang Xiaolu
Published: November 2021

The q‐rung orthopair fuzzy number (q‐ROFN) has been recently developed by Yager and has been widely applied in handling real‐life decision‐making problems. To enhance its usefulness in dealing with complex practical issues, this paper first proposes the new concept of q‐rung orthopair trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (q‐ROTrFNs) which is a new and useful extension of q‐ROFNs. Then, we investigate the operation of q‐ROTrFNs and develop a new ranking method for q‐ROTrFNs. We also propose a new q‐rung orthopair trapezoidal fuzzy Hamming distance measure. More important, we develop a useful q‐rung orthopair trapezoidal fuzzy modified TODIM group decision‐making method. In this method, a new q‐rung orthopair trapezoidal fuzzy weighted aggregating (q‐ROTrFWA) operator is developed to integrate individual decision matrices into the collective decision matrix, and a q‐rung orthopair trapezoidal fuzzy distance measure‐based compromise approach is proposed to determine the relative dominance degree of alternatives. It is worth to mention that the modified TODIM method not only expands the freedom of decision makers but also allows decision makers to choose the appropriate risk preference parameter. Finally, a case study on health management of hypertensive patients is conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the modified TODIM group decision‐making method, and the developed method is further verified by comparison analysis with the existing methods and sensitive analysis of different parameters.
Needle-Free Jet Injectors’ Geometry Design and Drug Diffusion Process Analysis
Authors: Wang Yunfei , Yue Long , Hu Lechuan , Wang Jing
Published: November 2021

In order to study the injection and diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of a needle-free jet injectors (NFJIs) in detail and understand the influence of different nozzle geometry on the diffusion process of the drug, in this paper, numerical simulations were performed to study the diffusion process of the drug in the subcutaneous tissue of NFJIs with cylindrical nozzle. On this basis, the differences of the drug diffusion process with different nozzle geometries were analyzed. The results show that the drug diffused in the shape of ellipsoid in the subcutaneous tissue. The penetration of the drug into the subcutaneous tissue is deeper under the condition of conical nozzle and conical cylindrical nozzle at the same time. However, it takes longer to spread to the interface between skin and subcutaneous tissue in reverse.
Prevalence of Bovine Rotavirus and Coronavirus in Neonatal Calves in Dairy Farms of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Preliminary Study
Authors: Debelo Motuma , Abdela Hayat , Tesfaye Asaminew , Tiruneh Abebaw , Mekonnen Gudina , Asefa Zerihun , Moje Nebyou
Published: November 2021

Background. Bovine rotavirus (BRV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are the most common viral agents in neonatal calf diarrhea and result in serious economic consequences. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiology of those viruses in randomly selected dairy farms of Addis Ababa. Methods. A cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to April 2019 using a probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique. A total of 110 calves, less than 30 days of age, from 57 dairy herds were involved in the study. Associated factors of herds and calves were collected using semistructured interviews from farm owners and through physical observation of selected calves. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed using the sandwich ELISA method. Data generated from both semistructured interviews and laboratory investigation were analyzed using STATA_MP version 15. Results. From the total 110 calves, 42 (38.18%) had diarrhea during the survey. The prevalence of bovine rotavirus and coronavirus was 3.64% (4/110) and 0.91% (1/110), respectively. Diarrhea, feeding colostrum timing, and sex of the neonatal calves had statistically significant association with bovine rotavirus infection (p < 0.05). All rotavirus‐positive neonatal calves were identified in small scale dairy farms and in dairy farms that reported mortality though they lack statistically significant association. Only one coronavirus case was detected among the neonatal calves. The case was identified among small scale herds and in a herd with diarrheal cases. The sex of the coronavirus calf was female, diarrheic, and among 11‐20 days old. Conclusion. The prevalence of rotavirus and coronavirus infections in neonatal calves was seldom in dairy farms of the study area. Rotavirus was more common than coronavirus, and further studies should be initiated on other (infectious and noninfectious) causes of neonatal calf diarrhea in the area.
Forward Design Method of Avionics System Based on Communication
Authors: Peng Yuyang
Published: November 2021

With the rapid development of computer technology, electronic technology, and control technology, communication-based avionics systems can provide greater potential for the improvement of aircraft combat capabilities. Moreover, during the flight, passengers have an increasing demand for space communications. How to provide passengers with a communication-based aerospace electronic system that is indistinguishable from the ground during the flight is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. The research on the forward design method of this system has been highly valued by experts at home and abroad. This article is a communication-based forward design method for avionics systems. Based on the development of aerospace data communication technology, this article discusses the advantages of the application of the CCSDS (Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems) protocol in the design of aerospace electronic communication systems. This research designs the technical scheme of the entire aerospace communication electronic system and refers to the relevant CCSDS protocol to complete the design of the distributor’s fast transmission telemetry package and the distributor’s slow transmission telemetry package. This article introduces the two existing architectures of the integrated avionics system, compares and analyzes them, and then elaborates the integrated avionics system architecture based on trusted computing and the trust chain transfer mechanism. The experimental results show that the method designed in this paper uses the NBSP basic protocol in an aeronautical communication environment with a nesting depth of 2 s. When the data transmission delay is 2 s, the NBSP scheme is 0.9 and the NERON scheme is 0.4. This shows that the design method of this study is able to meet the requirements of the system and technical indicators.
Prevention of Diabetes in Overweight/Obese Adults through Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine: Study Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pang Bing , Zhang Yue-Ying , Hu Hua-Jie , Sun Ye , Cao Ai-Mei , Lu Chun-Qian , Zhang Wei-Hua , Ni Qing
Published: November 2021

Background. Early intervention in prediabetes can prevent or delay the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Traditional Chinese patent medicine (TCPM) is widely used in China to prevent T2DM. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCPMs for preventing T2DM. Method/Design. This study is a multicenter, cohort study with two arms. A total of 600 participants will be recruited. The participants will be divided into either intervention or control groups according to their own desire, and the exposure factor is the application of TCPMs. All participants will be encouraged to lead a healthy lifestyle, and the intervention group also used TCPMs based on syndrome differentiation. Incident diabetes and normalization of blood glucose are indexes of end point. Safety assessments and adverse event monitoring will also be conducted. The treatment duration is set for 24 weeks, and we will follow-up for another 2 years. Discussion. This trial may provide initial evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of TCPMs plus lifestyle intervention (LI) compared to LI alone for preventing T2DM and provide a comprehensive intervention plans that choose suitable TCPMs for diabetes prevention according to syndrome differentiation. Trial Registration Number. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ID: ChiCTR1900023541, registered on 1 Jun 2019. The version identifier is 2018121702.
Antioxidant Effects of Protocatechuic Acid and Protocatechuic Aldehyde: Old Wine in a New Bottle
Authors: Zhang Shijun , Gai Zhibo , Gui Ting , Chen Juanli , Chen Qingfa , Li Yunlun
Published: November 2021

Phenolic compounds are naturally present as secondary metabolites in plant-based sources such as fruits, vegetables, and spices. They have received considerable attention for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties for protection against many chronic disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. They are categorized into various groups based on their chemical structure and include phenolic acids, flavonoids, curcumins, tannins, and quinolones. Their structural variations contribute to their specific beneficial effects on human health. The antioxidant property of phenolic compounds protects against oxidative stress by up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants, scavenging free radicals, and anti-apoptotic activity. Protocatechuic acid (PCA; 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid) and protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL; 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) are naturally occurring polyphenols found in vegetables, fruits, and herbs. PCA and PAL are the primary metabolites of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, which have been shown to possess pharmacological actions including antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of PCA and PAL by comprehensively summarizing their pharmacological properties reported to date, with an emphasis on their mechanisms of action and biological properties.
PEI-PEG-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Tanshinone IIA and Serve as a Gene Transfer Vector
Authors: Zhu Yinxing , Yue Miao , Guo Ting , Li Fang , Li Zhifeng , Yang Dazhuang , Lin Mei
Published: November 2021

Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) and gene therapy both hold promising potentials in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. However, low solubility and poor bioavailability of TanIIA limit its clinical application. Similarly, gene therapy with GPC3-shRNA, a type of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) capable of silencing the glypican-3 (GPC3) expression, is seriously limited due to its susceptibility to nuclease degradation and high off-target effects. In the present study, polyethyleneimine (PEI)-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-PEG) were used as a drug carrier. By encapsulating TanIIA into MSN-PEG, we synthesized MSN-TanIIA-PEG nanoparticles and observed the involved characteristics. This was followed by exploration of antitumor activity on the HepG2 cell lines in vitro. Meanwhile, in order to construct GPC3-shRNA plasmids, a shRNA sequence targeting GPC3 was synthesized and cloned into the pSLenti-U6 vector. Accordingly, the performance of MSN-PEG as a gene transfer carrier for GPC3-shRNA gene therapy of HCC in vitro was evaluated, including transfection efficiency and DNA binding biological characteristics. The results indicated successful encapsulation of TanIIA in MSN-PEG, which had satisfactory efficacy, favorable dispersity, suitable particle size, and sustained release effect. The in vitro anti-HCC effects of nano-TanIIA were greatly improved, which outperformed free-TanIIA in terms of proliferation and invasion inhibition, as well as apoptosis induction of HCC cells. As expected, MSN-PEG possessed excellent gene delivery capacity with good binding, release, and protection from RNase digestion. Using MSN-PEG as a gene carrier, the plasmids were successfully transfected into HepG2 cells, and both the mRNA and protein expressions of GPC3 were significantly downregulated. It was thus concluded that a sustained release TanIIA delivery system for HCC treatment was synthesized and that MSN-PEG could also serve as a gene transfer carrier for gene therapy. More interestingly, MSN-PEG may be a potential delivery platform that combines TanIIA and GPC3-shRNA together to enhance their synergistic effect.
The Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Detection of Pathogen in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Sputum Samples of Patients with Pulmonary Infection
Authors: Shi Wanghui , Zhu Shanshan
Published: November 2021

Objective. To uncover the application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the detection of pathogen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sputum samples. Methods. Totally, 32 patients with pulmonary infection were included. Pathogens in BALF and sputum samples were tested simultaneously by routine microbial culture and mNGS. Main infected pathogens (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and their distribution in BALF and sputum samples were analyzed. Moreover, the diagnostic performance of mNGS in paired BALF and sputum samples was assessed. Results. The pathogen culture results were positive in 9 patients and negative in 13 patients. No statistical differences were recorded on the sensitivity (78.94% vs. 63.15%,

p
=
0.283

) and specificity (62.50% vs. 75.00%,

p
=
0.375

) of mNGS diagnosis in bacteria and fungus in two types of samples. As shown in mNGS detection, 10 patients’ two samples were both positive, 13 patients’ two samples were both negative, 7 patients were only positive in BALF samples, and 2 patients’ sputum samples were positive. Main viruses mNGS detected were EB virus, human adenovirus 5, herpes simplex virus type 1, and human cytomegalovirus. Kappa consensus analysis indicated that mNGS showed significant consistency in detecting pathogens in two samples, no matter bacteria (

p
<
0.001

), fungi (

p
=
0.026

), or viruses (

p
=
0.008

). Conclusion. mNGS showed no statistical differences in sensitivity and specificity of pathogen detection in BALF and sputum samples. Under certain conditions, sputum samples might be more suitable for pathogen detection because of invasiveness of BALF samples.
Nano-Hydroxyapatite Gel and Its Effects on Remineralization of Artificial Carious Lesions
Authors: Juntavee Apa , Juntavee Niwut , Sinagpulo Ainaj Nuñez
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Nano-hydroxyapatite gel (NHG) has never been investigated for enamel remineralization. This study evaluated the effects of two concentrations of NHG on remineralization of an artificial carious lesion in comparison with nano-HA toothpaste (NHT) and fluoride varnish (FV). Materials and Methods. Carious lesions were prepared on 100 enamel samples and divided into 5 groups: FV, NHT, 20% NHG, and 30% NHG. One untreated (NT) group was left as control. The hardness of the surface was evaluated before, during, and after remineralization. Microhardness at various phases and the percent recovery of hardness (%HR) were determined and analyzed with ANOVA. Polarized-light micrographs (PLM) were evaluated for depth of the carious lesion. Results. Significantly different remineralization capability was indicated for tested agents (

p
<
0.05

). NHT was significantly capable of remineralization greater than NHG, FV, and NT (

p
<
0.05

). No noticeable difference in %HR between 20% NHG and 30% NHG (

p
>
0.05

) was found. Decreasing in the depth of caries lesion was notified by PLM as applying either NHT or NHG as greater than FV, with no reduction in the depth for NT. Conclusions. Nano-HA both in toothpaste and gel form was capable of remineralization better than fluoride varnish. Comparable remineralization of 20% versus 30% NHG was evidenced. NHG for both concentrations was recommended as a capable remineralizing agent for caries remineralization. Clinical Significance: This study indicated that an application of nano-HA gel is an attractive route to deliver the material and can be more effective and less toxic than conventional formulations and provide its effectiveness directly at the site of action, especially for a noncooperative young child and medicinally intimidated patients who may face with inconvenience in using toothbrush and toothpaste for hygiene control.
G-Expansibility and G-Almost Periodic Point under Topological Group Action
Authors: Ji Zhanjiang
Published: November 2021

Firstly, the new concepts of

G
−

expansibility,

G
−

almost periodic point, and

G
−

limit shadowing property were introduced according to the concepts of expansibility, almost periodic point, and limit shadowing property in this paper. Secondly, we studied their dynamical relationship between the self-map

f

and the shift map

σ

in the inverse limit space under topological group action. The following new results are obtained. Let

X
,
d

be a metric

G

−

space and

X

f

,

G
¯

,
 

d
¯

,
σ

be the inverse limit space of

X
,
G
,
d
,
f

. (1) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent map, then we have

A

P

G
¯

σ

=

Lim

←

A

p

G

f

,
f

. (2) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent surjection, then the self-map

f

is

G
−

expansive if and only if the shift map

σ

is

G
¯

−

expansive. (3) If the map

f
:
X
⟶
X

is an equivalent surjection, then the self-map

f

has

G
−

limit shadowing property if and only if the shift map

σ

has

G
¯

−

limit shadowing property. The conclusions of this paper generalize the corresponding results given in the study by Li, Niu, and Liang and Li . Most importantly, it provided the theoretical basis and scientific foundation for the application of tracking property in computational mathematics and biological mathematics.
An Efficient Parallelized Ontology Network-Based Semantic Similarity Measure for Big Biomedical Document Clustering
Authors: Li Meijing , Chen Tianjie , Ryu Keun Ho , Jin Cheng Hao
Published: November 2021

Semantic mining is always a challenge for big biomedical text data. Ontology has been widely proved and used to extract semantic information. However, the process of ontology-based semantic similarity calculation is so complex that it cannot measure the similarity for big text data. To solve this problem, we propose a parallelized semantic similarity measurement method based on Hadoop MapReduce for big text data. At first, we preprocess and extract the semantic features from documents. Then, we calculate the document semantic similarity based on ontology network structure under MapReduce framework. Finally, based on the generated semantic document similarity, document clusters are generated via clustering algorithms. To validate the effectiveness, we use two kinds of open datasets. The experimental results show that the traditional methods can hardly work for more than ten thousand biomedical documents. The proposed method keeps efficient and accurate for big dataset and is of high parallelism and scalability.
The Effect of Translucency and Surface Treatment on the Flexural Strength of Aged Monolithic Zirconia
Authors: Giti Rashin , Abbasi Benika
Published: November 2021

Aims. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of the degrees of translucency in different types of monolithic zirconia as well as the aging and surface treatment with airborne particle abrasion on the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia. Materials and Methods. Sixty bar-shaped specimens were fabricated from three different types of presintered monolithic zirconia (n = 20 per group) including low translucent (LT) (DD Bio ZW iso, high strength zirconia, Dental Direkt, Germany), high translucent (HT) (DD Bio ZX2 98, high translucent zirconia, Dental Direkt, Germany), and multilayered system (ML) (DD cubeX2®ML, multilayer, cubic zirconia system, Dental Direkt, Germany). Each monolithic zirconia group was equally subdivided according to be either air-abraded with 110 µm aluminium oxide particles or left untreated (control). After thermocycling, the flexural strength was measured by using a universal testing machine. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc and independent samples t-test were used for the statistical analyses (P < 0.05). Results. Surface treatment and types of zirconia were found to have a significant interaction (P = 0.010). Having controlled the effect of surface treatment, the flexural strength of HT and LT zirconia was found to be significantly higher than the ML zirconia system (P ≤ 0.001). Airborne particle abrasion could significantly decrease the flexural strength of monolithic zirconia only in ML zirconia (P = 0.002). Conclusions. Multilayered zirconia system had the lowest flexural strength among all groups. Moreover, the flexural strength of this system was attenuated by surface treatment with airborne particles abrasion.
Research on Modern Book Packaging Design under Aesthetic Evaluation Based on Deep Learning Model
Authors: Li Yuanyuan
Published: November 2021

The development of information technology has led to the rapid development of modern book packaging design. Book packaging design is different from painting. It is a kind of design process that combines artistry and practicality and has double characteristics. With the continuous progress of society, people’s requirements for book packaging design have become higher and higher, and modern book packaging design has become an important topic in the field of art design. To this end, this paper introduces the machine learning algorithms used in this paper, including the AdaBoost algorithm and the SVR algorithm. Specifically, it includes the principles and specific implementation steps for AdaBoost classification algorithm and SVR regression algorithm, as well as evaluation indexes of AdaBoost classification and SVR regression analysis. Realization of physical books reflects artistry, creativity, professionalism, popularity, and vitality of books in the packaging and design of books in the electronic information era. The stimulation effect of this paper starts from packaging design, inspection mechanism, and brand psychology to get the superior design in modern book packaging design.
Music Segmentation Algorithm Based on Self-Adaptive Update of Confidence Measure
Authors: Li Jianhua
Published: November 2021

To improve the accuracy of music segmentation and enhance segmentation effect, an algorithm based on the adaptive update of confidence measure is proposed. According to the theory of compressed sensing, the music fragments are denoised, and thus the denoised signals are subjected to short-term correlation analysis. Then, the pitch frequency is extracted, and the music fragments are roughly classified by wavelet transform to realize the preprocessing of the music fragments. In order to calculate the confidence measure of the music segment, the SVM method is used, whereas the adaptive update of the confidence measure is studied using reliable data selection algorithm. The dynamic threshold notes are segmented according to the update result to realize music segmentation. Experimental results show that the recall and precision values of the algorithm reach 97.5% and 93.8%, respectively, the segmentation error rate is low, and it can achieve effective segmentation of music fragments, indicating that the algorithm is effective.
Lightweight Neural Network-Based Viewport Prediction for Live VR Streaming in Wireless Video Sensor Network
Authors: Chen Xiaolei , Cao Baoning , Ahmad Ishfaq
Published: November 2021

Live virtual reality (VR) streaming (a.k.a., 360-degree video streaming) has become increasingly popular because of the rapid growth of head‐mounted displays and 5G networking deployment. However, the huge bandwidth and the energy required to deliver live VR frames in the wireless video sensor network (WVSN) become bottlenecks, making it impossible for the application to be deployed more widely. To solve the bandwidth and energy challenges, VR video viewport prediction has been proposed as a feasible solution. However, the existing works mainly focuses on the bandwidth usage and prediction accuracy and ignores the resource consumption of the server. In this study, we propose a lightweight neural network-based viewport prediction method for live VR streaming in WVSN to overcome these problems. In particular, we (1) use a compressed channel lightweight network (C-GhostNet) to reduce the parameters of the whole model and (2) use an improved gate recurrent unit module (GRU-ECA) and C-GhostNet to process the video data and head movement data separately to improve the prediction accuracy. To evaluate the performance of our method, we conducted extensive experiments using an open VR user dataset. The experiments results demonstrate that our method achieves significant server resource saving, real-time performance, and high prediction accuracy, while achieving low bandwidth usage and low energy consumption in WVSN, which meets the requirement of live VR streaming.
A Leader‐Follower Formation Control of Multi‐UAVs via an Adaptive Hybrid Controller
Authors: Ali Zain Anwar , Israr Amber , Alkhammash Eman H. , Hadjouni Myriam
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to offer an adaptive hybrid controller for the formation control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) leader‐follower configurations with communication delay. Although numerous studies about the control of the formation exist, very few incorporate the delay in their model and are adaptive as well. The motivation behind this article is to bridge that gap. The strategy consists of an adaptive fuzzy logic controller and a Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) controller where the logic controller fines/tunes the PID controller gains. The controller also consists of an integrator that raises the order of the system which helps reduce the noise and steady‐state errors. The simulations confirm that the proposed technique is robust and satisfies mission requirements. Moreover, the flying formations of the swarm were created by a B‐spline curve based on a simple waypoint. The main contribution of this study is to present a model where the formation remains stable during the whole flight, errors are within the optimal range, and the time delays are manageable.
SFRP2 Improves Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ma Tianyi , Huang Xiaohui , Zheng Haoxiao , Huang Guolin , Li Weiwen , Liu Xinyue , Liang Jingjing , Cao Yue , Hu Yunzhao , Huang Yuli
Published: November 2021

Background. The mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis are essential for maintaining the bioenergy function of mitochondria in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Previous studies have revealed that secreted frizzled‐related protein 2 (SFRP2) is beneficial against apoptosis and oxidative stress. However, no research has confirmed whether SFRP2 regulates oxidative stress and apoptosis through mitochondrial function in DCM. Methods. Exposure of H9C2 cardiomyocytes in high glucose (HG) 25 mM and palmitic acid (PAL) 0.2 mM was used to simulate DCM in vitro. H9C2 cells with SFRP2 overexpression or SFRP2 knockdown were constructed and cultured under glucolipotoxicity or normal glucose conditions. An SD rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was generated using a high‐fat diet combined with a low‐dose STZ injection. Overexpression of SFRP2 in the rat model was generated by using an adeno‐associated virus approach. CCK‐8, TUNEL assay, and DHE staining were used to detect cell viability, and MitoTracker Red CMXRos was used to detect changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. We used qRT‐PCR and western blot to further explore the mechanisms of SFRP2 regulating mitochondrial dynamics through the AMPK/PGC1‐α pathway to improve diabetic cardiomyocyte injury. Results. Our results indicated that SFRP2 was significantly downregulated in H9C2 cells and cardiac tissues in T2DM conditions, accompanied by decreased expression of mitochondrial dysfunction. The mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced, and the cells were led to oxidative stress injury and apoptosis. Furthermore, the overexpression of SFRP2 could reverse apoptosis and promote mitochondrial function in T2DM conditions in vitro and in vivo. We also found that silencing endogenous SFRP2 could further promote glucolipotoxicity‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, accompanied by downregulation of p‐AMPK. Conclusion. SFRP2 exerted cardioprotective effects by salvaging mitochondrial function in an AMPK‐PGC1‐α-dependent manner, which modulates mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial biogenesis, reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. SFRP2 may be a promising therapeutic biomarker in DCM.
Algorithms for Picking and Distribution of Online Orders in New Retail Enterprises
Authors: Zhong Weiya , Cui Jia
Published: November 2021

This paper studies joint algorithms of order picking and distribution in new retail enterprises. The problem will consider many factors, such as the type of goods, picking time, batch capacity of distribution, distribution time, and distribution cost. First of all, the research problems are summarized as mathematical programming problems. Then, a genetic algorithm and comparison algorithms are proposed. Finally, the rationality of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithms are verified by computational experiments, and management enlightenments are revealed.
[Retracted] Low‐Latency and High‐Concurrency 5G Wireless Sensor Network Assists Innovation in Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Guo Yuge
Published: November 2021

This paper first analyzes the existing optimization models and methods based on low‐latency and high‐concurrency 5G wireless sensor networks and focuses on some research results based on the physical layer, data link layer, and network layer. After that, the energy‐constrained cross‐layer optimization algorithm of the joint physical layer and network layer and the cross‐layer optimization algorithm based on reliable transmission are analyzed and compared. According to the ideological and political education cycle and network connectivity of wireless sensor networks, the existing definition of the ideological and political education cycle of wireless sensor networks was questioned and its irrationality was demonstrated. Firstly, we introduce the system model, energy capture model, and energy consumption model of this scheme; then, calculate the energy consumption of the node sending and receiving data and analyze the maximum throughput that the node can provide for data transmission to perform mathematical modeling. In a balanced ideological and political education cycle, the optimal solution is given. Finally, it introduces distributed high‐throughput routing for EH‐WSNs based on low latency and high concurrency and gives a performance comparison with the shortest path routing scheme. The energy consumption of each part of the node is analyzed in a comprehensive and in‐depth manner, and the direction of the energy optimization strategy of the network node and its sensor network is pointed out. On this basis, this article proposes a new definition of the network ideological and political education cycle: the ideological and political education cycle of the wireless sensor network is equal to the ideological and political education cycle of the first joint in the network that fails due to energy exhaustion. Based on this definition, the wireless sensor network is analyzed, and the cross‐layer (physical layer, data link layer, and network layer) optimization mathematical model of the wireless sensor network ideological and political education cycle is established. The two data collection schemes proposed in this paper are simulated under the conditions of no‐delay ideological and political education cycle and different time‐delayed ideological and political education cycles. The simulation results show that the model is better than both in terms of network life and data integrity.
Systematic Pan-Cancer Characterization of Nuclear Receptors Identifies Potential Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Jiang Junjie , Yuan Jiao , Hu Zhongyi , Xu Mu , Zhang Youyou , Long Meixiao , Fan Yi , Montone Kathleen T. , Tanyi Janos L. , Tavana Omid , Chan Ho Man , Zhang Lin , Hu Xiaowen
Published: November 2021

The nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily is one of the major druggable gene families, representing targets of approximately 13.5% of approved drugs. Certain NRs, such as estrogen receptor and androgen receptor, have been well demonstrated to be functionally involved in cancer and serve as informative biomarkers and therapeutic targets in oncology. However, the spectrum of NR dysregulation across cancers remains to be comprehensively characterized. Through computational integration of genetic, genomic, and pharmacologic profiles, we characterized the expression, recurrent genomic alterations, and cancer dependency of NRs at a large scale across primary tumor specimens and cancer cell lines. Expression levels of NRs were highly cancer-type specific and globally downregulated in tumors compared with corresponding normal tissue. Although the majority of NRs showed copy-number losses in cancer, both recurrent focal gains and losses were identified in select NRs. Recurrent mutations and transcript fusions of NRs were observed in a small portion of cancers, serving as actionable genomic alterations. Analysis of large-scale CRISPR and RNAi screening datasets identified 10 NRs as strongly selective essential genes for cancer cell growth. In a subpopulation of tumor cells, growth dependencies correlated significantly with expression or genomic alterations. Overall, our comprehensive characterization of NRs across cancers may facilitate the identification and prioritization of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the selection of patients for precision cancer treatment.

Significance:

Computational analysis of nuclear receptors across multiple cancer types provides a series of biomarkers and therapeutic targets within this protein family.
CRISPR/Cas9-Induced DNA Damage Enriches for Mutations in a p53-Linked Interactome: Implications for CRISPR-Based Therapies
Authors: Jiang Long , Ingelshed Katrine , Shen Yunbing , Boddul Sanjaykumar V. , Iyer Vaishnavi Srinivasan , Kasza Zsolt , Sedimbi Saikiran , Lane David P. , Wermeling Fredrik
Published: November 2021

Inactivating p53 mutations are the most abundant genetic alterations found in cancer. Here we show that CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-stranded DNA breaks enrich for cells deficient in p53 and in genes of a core CRISPR–p53 tumor suppressor interactome. Such enrichment could predispose to cancer development and thus pose a challenge for clinical CRISPR use. Transient p53 inhibition could suppress the enrichment of cells with these mutations. The level of DNA damage response induced by an sgRNA influenced the enrichment of p53-deficient cells and could be a relevant parameter in sgRNA design to limit cellular enrichment. Furthermore, a dataset of >800 human cancer cell lines identified additional factors influencing the enrichment of p53-mutated cells, including strong baseline CDKN1A expression as a predictor for an active CRISPR–p53 axis. Taken together, these data provide details about p53 biology in the context of CRISPR-induced DNA damage and identify strategies to enable safer CRISPR use.

Significance:

CRISPR-mediated DNA damage enriches for cells with escape mutations in a core CRISPR–p53 interactome, which can be suppressed by transient inhibition of p53.
Project 2025: Proposals for the Continued Success of Drug Development in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pollyea Daniel A. , Barrett John , DiNardo Courtney D. , Michaelis Laura C. , Roboz Gail J. , Le Robert Q. , Norsworthy Kelly J. , de Claro R. Angelo , Theoret Marc R. , Pazdur Richard
Published: November 2021

The Food and Drug Administration Oncology Center of Excellence initiated Project 2025 to develop 5-year goals in specific areas of oncology drug development. This meeting, in October 2020, brought together a panel of regulators and academic experts in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) to discuss opportunities to maximize the success that has recently occurred in AML drug development. The panel discussed challenges and opportunities in clinical trial design and novel endpoints, and outlined key considerations for drug development to facilitate continued growth in the field.
Reg4 Interacts with CD44 to Regulate Proliferation and Stemness of Colorectal and Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Bishnupuri Kumar S. , Sainathan Satheesh K. , Ciorba Matthew A. , Houchen Courtney W. , Dieckgraefe Brian K.
Published: November 2021

Regenerating Gene 4 (Reg4) is highly upregulated in gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies including colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Numerous studies demonstrated an association between higher Reg4 expression and tumor aggressiveness, intrinsic resistance to apoptotic death, and poor outcomes from GI malignancies. However, the precise receptor and underlying signaling mechanism have remained unknown. Although we previously reported a Reg4-mediated induction of EGFR activity in colorectal cancer cells, a direct interaction between Reg4 and EGFR was not observed. This study is focused on identifying the cell surface binding partner of Reg4 and dissecting its role in colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer growth and stem cell survival. In vitro models of human colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer were used to evaluate the results. Results of this study find: (i) Reg4 interacts with CD44, a transmembrane protein expressed by a population of colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer cells; (ii) Reg4 activates regulated intramembrane proteolysis of CD44 resulting in γ-secretase–mediated cleavage and release of the CD44 intracytoplasmic domain (CD44ICD) that functions as a transcriptional activator of D-type cyclins involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation and Klf4 and Sox2 expression involved in regulating pluripotency of cancer stem cells; and (iii) Reg4 significantly increases colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and their clonogenic potential in stem cell assays.

Implications:

These results suggest that pro-proliferative and pro-stemness effects of Reg4 are mediated through γ-secretase–mediated CD44/CD44ICD signaling, hence strategies to disrupt Reg4-CD44-γ-secretase-CD44ICD signaling axis may increase cancer cell susceptibility to chemo- and radiotherapeutics.
Association between Preoperative Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Late Arteriovenous Fistula Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cohort Study
Authors: Hu Shouliang , Wang Dan , Ma Tean , Yuan Fanli , Zhang Yong , Gao Xiaoli , Lei Qingfeng , Cheng Junzhang
Published: November 2021

Background: Inflammation appears to be at the biological core of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) dysfunction, and the occurrence of AVF dysfunction is related to high death and disability in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Despite several studies on the correlations between AVF dysfunction and inflammatory indicators, how AVF dysfunction is related to the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is much unclear. We hypothesize that preoperative MLR is associated with AVF dysfunction in Chinese HD patients. Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, totally 769 adult HD patients with a new AVF created between 2011 and 2019 were included. Association of preoperative MLR with AVF dysfunction (thrombosis or decrease of normal vessel diameter by >50%, requiring either surgical revision or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) was assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: The patients were aged 55.8 ± 12.2 years and were mostly males (55%). During the average 32-month follow-up (maximum 119 months), 223 (29.0%) patients had permanent vascular access dysfunction. In adjusted multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses, the risk of AVF dysfunction was 4.32 times higher with 1 unit increase in MLR (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1–9.11). Compared with patients with MLR <0.28, HRs associated with an MLR of 0.28–0.41 and ≥0.41 are 1.54 (95% CI: 1.02–2.32) and 3.17 (2.18–4.62), respectively. Conclusions: A higher preoperative MLR is independently connected with a severer risk of AVF dysfunction in HD patients. Its clinical value should be determined in the future.
Therapy of Angiosarcoma with Thalidomide and Lenalidomide
Authors: Mattes M. Jules , Mattes Jeffrey A. , Groisberg Roman , Mattes Malcolm D.
Published: November 2021

Angiosarcoma is an uncommon malignancy with a poor prognosis. Systemic therapy options for patients with metastatic disease generally have limited effectiveness. In this case study, a 73-year-old male with metastatic angiosarcoma who previously declined chemotherapy and developed progressive disease after checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy elected to try thalidomide based on 6 case reports describing its effectiveness. Thalidomide resulted in stable disease for 9 months, but due to severe neuropathy as a side effect, lenalidomide was then substituted for thalidomide. The patient continued to have stable disease on lenalidomide for an additional 16 months and ongoing. This is the first case study to report on effective treatment of angiosarcoma with lenalidomide. Further investigation of lenalidomide in the management of angiosarcoma is warranted.