bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Guidance and Counselling Need in Tanzania: Needs Assessment for Primary School Pupils of Iringa Municipality
Authors: Lubawa Dorothy
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the study was to identify the guidance and Counselling needs for primary school pupils. This study applied a Cross-sectional study design. Data were collected through questionnaires, structured interviews, and focus group discussion. The study involved 205 respondents; 155 primary school pupils, 26 primary school teachers, four guidance and counselling teachers, 10 educational administrators and 10 parents. The findings showed that pupils experienced some problems/needs and communicated them to their significant people and received help. The findings also revealed that pupils had some problems/needs which did not receive any help from the significant people although they were communicated to them. Likewise, the findings revealed that pupils had problems/needs which they found difficult to communicate to their significant people. Also, it was clear that the significant people around the primary school children were aware of the guidance and counselling needs of the pupils. The study concludes that social problems were the most outstanding problems/needs which primary school pupils experienced and shared easily with their significant others; psychological and developmental problems/needs are the most outstanding problems/needs which did not receive appropriate help from the significant people although they were communicated to them. The study recommends that guidance and counselling programmes in the schools be strengthened by employing trained professional counsellors to meet pupils’ problems and needs.
The Choice of Subject Combinations among Students in Secondary Schools and the Quest of Future Careers among Graduates in Tanzania
Authors: Ntawigaya Noel Julius
Published: January 2024

It is common for many employees, especially for the most recent young graduates in Tanzania, to complain that they have entered professions which are not of their interest. This incongruity has been due to lack of knowledge on the right choice of subjects against their future career/aspirations. It is from this reason, the current study examined factors influencing students’ choices of subjects in Tanzanian secondary schools. This study adopted mixed-methods research approach, with a cross-sectional design. It involved 165 respondents – 5 heads of schools, 25 teachers and 135 students from 5 selected secondary schools. The study employed questionnaires and interviews to collect data. The findings revealed that 60% of students were not aware of the subject combinations to study. Alongside, 60% of students were not comfortable on the subject combinations they were studying. Also, 68% of reported that their parents were not involved in a discussion with their children on the subject choice and future careers. It was further revealed that, teachers rarely influenced students’ choices of subjects. It was therefore recommended that, there should be an orientation to students on the choices of subjects in relation to future careers when they enter secondary schools. This should go along with parents’ encouragement to their children dreams.
A CBT-Based Intervention Model for Computer Anxiety Management among first-year students at the National Open University of Nigeria in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Oyadeyi Joseph Babajide
Published: January 2024

The study investigated the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in treating computer phobia among distance learning first-year students in south-western Nigeria. The moderating effects of age and gender were examined. Technology Acceptance Model was taken as the framework for the study, with the pre-test-post-test control group quasi-experimental design, where 55 computer anxious students first-year students who met the screening criteria were randomly allocated into the CBT and the Control groups. For screening, the Computer Anxiety Scale Revised (=0.89) with a norm of 60.0 was used, while Computer Anxiety Rating Scale (=0.86) was utilised to measure the criterion variable. Treatment lasted eight weeks using the CBT training guides. Data analysis was conducted using covariance and post-hoc multiple classification analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Participants mean age was =32.70, with 65.5% females. It was found that the treatment group was significantly affected by the management of computer anxiety among NOUN freshmen (F(1,46) = 42.492, p0.05, =0.480). Participants in the CBT had the least adjusted mean (=27.260), and the control group had a higher adjusted mean score (= 39.733). Participants in the treatment groups and the control group are significantly affected by age when it comes to computer anxiety (F(2,123)=4.548, p0.05, 0.090). There is a significant effect of age in the management of computer anxiety among the participants; gender did not significantly impact computer anxiety. It is recommended that educational and counselling psychologists should employ this therapy to reduce computer anxiety. Service providers should consider age in computer appreciation training for distance learners.
Teachers Involving Parents (TIP): Comparing Tanzanian In-service and Pre-service Teachers' Beliefs on Parental Involvement
Authors: Malingumu Winfrida Saimon , Kigobe Janeth , Amani Jaquiline
Published: January 2024

In this study, we compared in-service and pre-service teachers’ perceptions of parental involvement. The study involved 106 in-service teachers from 55 primary schools and 509 pre-service teachers from five teacher colleges. Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler’s model of parental involvement and its questionnaire was used to assess pre-service and in-service teacher’s general beliefs about parental involvement, the importance of specific parental involvement activities, teachers’ beliefs about parent’s efficacy for helping a child succeed in school, and teacher beliefs on the importance of parental involvement in promoting girls education. The parametric test (independent sample t-Test) indicated similarities and differences in pre-service and in-service teacher beliefs on parental involvement. Findings showed more significant means for pre-service teachers on general beliefs about parental involvement and teachers’ beliefs on parents’ efficacy in helping a child succeed in school. Results showed more significant means for in-service teachers’ beliefs on the importance of specific involvement practices and equal means for both pre and in-service teachers on teachers’ beliefs on the importance of parent involvement in promoting girls’ education. This study recommends including parental involvement in teacher education curriculum and ongoing professional development to in-service teachers to stimulate effective parents’ involvement in children’s education.  Funding information:The authors received funding from the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR-UOS) for a JOINT project “A capacity building teacher training to enhance parental involvement in primary education as a key factor in child literacy” (JOINTTZ2020JOI031A101).
The Influence of Learning Environment in the Mastering of 3rs in Public Primary Schools in Nyang’hwale District – Tanzania
Authors: Stanslaus Nyaswe , Msoroka Mohamed
Published: January 2024

This study investigated the influence of the learning environment in the mastering 3Rs in public primary schools in Nyang’hwale District, Tanzania. The study was guided by three objectives namely: factors that lead to pupils’ failure to master 3Rs from standard one up to standard three in public primary schools in Nyang’hwale District, Tanzania, how school environment supports pupils to master 3Rs in public primary schools in Nyang’hwale District. The other objective was to find out the solutions on how we can improve the mastering of the 3Rs to secondary school pupils in Nyang’hwale District. The study used a mixed research approach where both qualitative and quantitative approaches approach were applied. The sample size of the study was 106 respondents, who were obtained through percentages. The participants were selected using simple random sampling stratified sampling and purposive sampling while data of the study were collected through questionnaires and interview guides. Quantitative data were coded through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 edition and were analysed by thematic analysis technique.  On their part, qualitative data were analysed through content after being grouped. The analysed data were presented in charts, graphs, Tables and explanations. The findings of the study show that there was poor mastery of the 3Rs among primary school pupils in Nyang’hwale District. Most of the primary school pupils in Nyang’hwale District were found to have the problem of poor mastering of the   3Rs. In addition, the findings indicate that the teaching and learning environment had a great influence on the mastering of the 3Rs to primary school pupils in Nyang’hwale District. The study recommends that Teachers should implement strategic teaching methodologies and apply current teaching and learning materials.
Mitigating the Effects of Fire Outbreaks in Secondary Schools: Strategies for Safeguarding Children at Risk in Tanzania
Authors: Amuli, Alphonce J. , Mbepera Joyce Germanus , Kambuga Yusuph M.
Published: January 2024

This paper investigated alternative strategies for safeguarding Tanzania children from school fire disasters. The study was guided by change management theory. Data were collected from four secondary schools from two regions of Tanzania Mainland. A qualitative approach was employed and data were collected through face-to-face interviews, Focused Group Discussions and physical observations. The study involved 101 participants – 61 students, 35 teachers, 3 Heads of Schools and 2 members of the School Board. The study revealed that improved school infrastructures, provision of education to people, building harmony with the community, improved school security, installation of firefighting facilities in schools and identification of sources of fire were the appropriate strategies to manage fire. Combined efforts of the school, community, government and education supporters are of paramount importance for mitigating regular fire outbreaks in secondary schools.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ON LEARNER-CENTRED TEACHING IN TANZANIA: PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCE OF TUTORS [LECTURERS] IN TEACHER EDUCATION COLLEGES
Authors: N. Josta, L.
Published: January 2024

The study explored the perceptions and experience of tutorsâ€™ professional development on learner-centred teaching in teacher education colleges. Specifically, it investigated the tutorsâ€™ perceptions of learner-centred approaches, experience of tutors on the effective training programme on learner-centred teaching, and the different models, which exposed tutors to the learner-centred approaches in teaching milieu. This is a qualitative case study design that involved documentary reviews, interviews, reflective journals, and focus group discussion to gather information. The study involved 12 participants obtained from three randomly selected teacher education colleges in Tanzania - south highlands zone. Data analysis employed the thematic analysis and computer software including NVivo 10. Results showed that tutors varied in their understanding about LCA depending on the training of the individual tutor attended which influenced their implementation of the new approach in practice. The study revealed that effective training programmes equipped tutors with knowledge and skills on new teaching approaches and transferred them to job practice. Such training programmes were based on individual, departmental, workplace, community, and experiment as well as initial teacher professional training, mostly supported by the government and international agencies. The study recommends the need for the government to ensure that all tutors irrespective of their subject specialisation should be equipped with the required pedagogical competencies through a focused training model on new approaches and transfer the training effectively in practice.Â Key words: Teacher education, leaner-centred teaching, professional training models, transfer of training, tutors.
PEDAGOGICAL LEADERSHIP IN TEACHER TRAINING FOR SOCIO- ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN TANZANIA: THE CASE OF OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA
Authors: F. Mulengeki,
Published: January 2024

The paper discusses the role Teacher Education and Training can play to make schools instrumental in fighting poverty. It utilizes the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP) of 2005 in Tanzania to argue for type of leadership and teaching strategies which schools can adopt to realize desired socio-economic and cultural transformation, and poverty reduction goals. Data were collected and analyzed from various documents and interviews with leaders and teachers of relatively successful schools in the country which showed that, as an approach, pedagogical leadership techniques could enable student learning transcending beyond immediate school borders to the homes and wider community, hence considered an ideal approach for managing education and schools in Tanzania of NSGRP era. However, the findings also show the approach as working more effectively in decentralized educational systems with administrative and curricular decisions made at lower levels including the grassroots. It was also found that teachers are prime movers of any educational reform, thus a need for re-orientation of teacher education curriculum for both pre-service and in-service participants to enable coping with pedagogical techniques of teaching and leading schools. The paper therefore endorses the inclusion of pedagogical leadership values in Teacher Training programmes if they are to yield NSGRP desired outcomes, genuine decentralization of management and administration of education and training, and re-orientation of teachers every time there are changes to enable them cope with new changes and demands.
THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF TANZANIA STUDENTâ€™S VOICES ON e-LEANRING
Authors: K. Rwegelera, M
Published: January 2024

The rapid growth of Information Technology (IT) has made learning to happen very quickly. Keeping pace with these changes requires new outlook and deep thinking of how we should acquire knowledge and skills and the way how we should develop learning materials.Â  The advent of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and the Internet has greatly influenced the way knowledge is conveyed.Â  This has resulted in the wide application of e-learning or (electronic learning.) In Education e- learning is referred to as the use of Information and Communication technologies. Elearning ranges from simple applications like e-mail, Internet searching, the use of CD and DVDs for learning purposes.Â Â  E-learning technologies have great potential in facilitating course delivery to students at OUT taking into account the spread of students all over the country and beyond; to date there are 32 OUT centres.Â  e-learning advantages has attracted OUT because the University sees it as an unavoidable strategy for quality and flexible education hence wider e-leaning application started in 2005/2006.Though elearning approach has good expectations for educational dissemination to OUT students, still its application is associated with many challenges. This study was carried out on 114 OUT students using a qualitative research approach. The aim was to identify the challenges facing students using eleaning in their learning process. The findings of the study revealed a number of challenges associated withÂ Â Â Â  course delivery, distance, inadequate knowledge in the use of internet in searching materials, luck of computers and inadequate infrastructure, According to the findings, elearning does not seem to fulfill its mission as it was originally anticipated. The study recommends the use of print to be supplemented by electronic learning (e-learning). an orientation for new students on the use of computers and internet search for study materials.Â  Other issues are beyond the Open University implementation.
Desain Bahan Ajar Logaritma Berbasis Pembuktian Matematis
Authors: Hamidah Ida , Susilawati Susilawati , Meiria Rahmasari Shafira
Published: January 2024

Abstractt

Proof problems are often considered difficult by most students, especially in logarithmic material. These difficulties arise due to the lack of interesting learning resources that discuss logarithms, especially on mathematical proving abilities. The purpose of this research is to design logarithmic teaching materials based on mathematical proof. The subjects in this study were 23 students of SMA 1 Sumberjaya, Majalengka Regency, Indonesia, consisting of 23 students in class X IPA-2. This research is a pre-research of the 4P development design study adapted from the Thiagarajan model, et al. namely: (1) Definition; (2) Design; (3) Development; and (4) deployment. In this study, the stages carried out are limited to stage 3, namely development. The deployment phase will be carried out again later. The method used in this study is kualitatif method with several data collection techniques in the form of tests of students' mathematical proving abilities in logarithmic material, interviews, and teaching material validation questionnaires. Based on the results of the study, it showed that teaching materials were in the proper category with a very good predicate with a percentage of 88.93% from material experts and in the appropriate category with a good predicate of 85.08% from media experts. The results of the practicality test on students amounted to 82.5% indicating that the teaching materials that have been made have a practicality category with a good predicate.

 

Abstrak

Masalah pembuktian seringkali dianggap sulit oleh sebagian besar siswa terutama pada materi logaritma. Kesulitan tersebut muncul dikarenakan kurangnya sumber belajar menarik yang membahas materi logaritma terutama pada kemampuan pembuktian matematis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendesain bahan ajar logaritma berbasis pembuktian matematis. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 1 Sumberjaya, Kabupaten Majalengka, Indonesia sebanyak 23 siswa kelas X IPA-2. Penelitian ini merupakan pra penelitan dari penelitian desain pengembangan 4P yang diadaptasi dari model Thiagarajan, et al. yaitu : (1) Pendefinisian; (2) Perancangan; (3) Pengembangan; dan (4) penyebaran. Dalam penelitian ini, tahapan yang dilakukan dibatasi sampai tahap 3 yaitu pengembanga. Tahap penyebaran akan dilakukan kembali kemudian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan beberapa teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes soal kemampuan pembuktian matematis siswa dalam materi logaritma, wawancara, dan angket validasi bahan ajar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bahan ajar berada dalam kategori layak dengan predikat sangat bagus dengan persentase sebesar 88,93% dari ahli materi dan kategori layak dengan predikat bagus sebesar 85,08% dari ahli media. Hasil uji praktikalitas terhadap siswa sebesar 82,5% menunjukan bahwa bahan ajar yang telah dibuat memiliki kategori kepraktisan dengan predikat bagus.
Előszó
Authors: K. Németh András , Máté Gábor
Published: January 2024

A Wosinsky Mór Megyei Múzeum, a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Bölcsészettudományi Kar Néprajz–Kulturális Antropológia Tanszéke és a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Pécsi Akadémiai Bizottságának Filozófia-, Történettudomány- és Néprajztudományok Szakbizottsága 2021. szeptember 21-én rendezte meg A rác/balkáni népesség településtörténete és anyagi kultúrája a hódoltságkori Dél-Dunántúlon című tudományos konferenciát Szekszárdon, a Wosinsky Mór Megyei Múzeumban.
Study of Prevalence of Oral Diseases in The Population of District Buner Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Fozia  , Asif Muhammad , Azam Hafiz Mahmood , Achakzai Wali Muhammad , Saddozai Shagufta , Rahat Amina , Aziz Tariq , Azeem Tahir , Rehman Hameed Ur , Bibi Ghazala , Saeed Kausar
Published: January 2024

Background: Oral diseases, prevalent globally, pose significant health challenges, especially in regions with limited healthcare resources. District Buner, in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, is one such area where oral health has received minimal attention. The study of oral diseases in this region is crucial for understanding the health needs of its population and for implementing effective public health interventions.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of oral diseases in District Buner and to identify the major contributing factors to these conditions, thereby informing targeted healthcare strategies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to October 2020 in all tehsils of District Buner. Data collection was based on questionnaires administered to both dentists and patients. Approximately 20 to 25 dentists from various healthcare facilities, including government hospitals and private clinics, participated in the study. The questionnaires for dentists consisted of ten open-ended questions, while those for patients included fifteen close-ended questions. The sample size was 508 individuals, representing various age groups and genders. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistical methods to determine prevalence rates and associations.
Results: The study revealed that the most common oral diseases were dental caries (90%), gingivitis (63%), periodontitis (59%), pulpitis (43%), TMJ disorders (23%), and oral cancer (5%). Dental caries was notably prevalent across all age groups, with a higher incidence in children. Gingivitis was observed more in females, particularly during pregnancy. Periodontitis and gingivitis showed a greater prevalence in males, often associated with smoking. Pulpitis was more common in females, while TMJ disorders were evenly distributed among genders. Oral cancer was the least prevalent disease.
Conclusion: The study underscores the critical need for improved oral health awareness and preventive care in District Buner. The high prevalence of various oral diseases, influenced by factors such as dietary habits, smoking, and gender-specific issues, calls for comprehensive public health strategies. These strategies should include education on oral hygiene, increased access to dental care, and integration of oral health into general healthcare services.
The Effect Of Financial Distress And Liquidity On Audit Report Lag
Authors: Suherni  , Juardi
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of Financial Distress and Liquidity on Audit Report Lag. The sample used in this study is the Property and Real Estate that is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and published Financial Statements successively in the 2019-2021 period with 46 sample companies. The independent variables of this research are Financial Distress measured by the Z Score (Dummy) and Liquidity measured by the Current Ratio. The dependent variable of this study is the Audit Report Lag as measured by Dummy. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling method with certain criteria, during the research period. The analytical method used is Logistic Regression which is called Report Lag. processed using SPSS 22. The results of this study indicate that Financial Distress does not affect Audit Report Lag while Liquidity has a negative and significant effect on Audit Report Lag.
Politik Hukum Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pesta Rakyat
Authors: Resi Jatri  , Paisol Burlian  , Qodariah Barkah
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji Politik Hukum Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pesta Rakyat. Permasalahan pada penelitian yaitu bagaimana politik hukum pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 17 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pesta Rakyat di Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara, faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya Peraturan Daerah dan bagaimana prosesnya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research), yang dalam mengumpulkan datanya dilakukan secara langsung dari lokasi penelitian yaitu di Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sumber data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari wawancara kepada anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daearah Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara, sekretaris dewan, tokoh agama dan tokoh masyarakat mengenai Peraturan Daerah Tentang Pesta Rakyat terkait larangan pesta malam. Sumber data sekunder yaitu sumber data yang diperoleh dari catatan-catatan atau buku-buku yang terkait pada permasalahan yang penulis kaji. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara adalah salah satu produk peraturan perundang-undangan tingkat daerah yang dibentuk oleh Kepala Daerah bersama dengan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah. Kewenangan daerah dalam membentuk Peraturan Daerah secara legalitas ditegaskan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 Tentang pemerintahan Daerah dan secara teknis diatur lebih lanjut dalam Peraturan Perundang-undangan lainnya. Dalam pembentukan daerah tidaklah mudah karena memerlukan pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang cukup terutama tentang teknik pembentukannya, sehingga Peraturan daerah yang dibentuk tidak bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan dan kepentingan umum.
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI DESA RASAU JAYA II DALAM UPAYA PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH LOKAL MENJADI PUPUK CAIR ORGANIK SPESIFIK TANAMAN CABAI
Authors: Ivansyah Okto , Mutaqin Zaenal , Muliani Muliani , Rizal Muhammad , Yama Danie Indra , Widyastuti Ragil Putri , Achmad Dwi Isyana , Fakhrudin Jaini , Ali Muhammad , Suci Ida Ayu
Published: January 2024

Salah satu komoditas yang biasa dikembangkan di wilayah ini adalah cabai besar dengan hasil produksi 4,19 ton. Dalam mendukung program pemerintah mengenai peingkatan produksi pangan nasional, salah satu yang menjadi fokus adalah komoditas hortikultura, dalam hal ini cabai. Komoditas ini merupakan salah satu komoditas yang banyak dikonsumsi dan memiliki nilai jual tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu penyluhan, praktek pembuatan pupuk organik cair dan evaluasi hasil kegiatan pada khlayak sasaran Kelompok Tani Karang Taruna. Hasil pupuk organik cari spesifik tanaman cabai mempunyai hara lengkap, seluruh peserta mengetahui inforamasi mengenai produk pupuk organik cari saat pelatihan oleh tim PPM Politeknik Negeri Pontianak, hasil analisis finansial dari pengelolahan limbah lokal menjadi pupuk organik cari ini cukup potensial untuk menginkatkan petani di dareah Rasau Jaya.
Evaluation of the Impact of Second Trimester Cervical Cerclage on Perinatal Outcomes: The Experience of a Single Tertiary Centre
Authors: Aydın Şenel Selvi
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of patients who underwent cervical cerclage and the contribution of this procedure to the continuation of pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: The records of patients who underwent cervical cerclage with McDonald method in the perinatology clinic of Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City Hospital  between October 2021 and September 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. The study included 58 cases diagnosed with cervical insufficiency in which cerclage was performed between the 14th and 25th weeks of pregnancy. According to the cerclage indication, patients were divided in two groups as elective cerclage (with history indication) and emergency cerclage (with physical examination and ultrasonography indication). Demographic characteristics, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of the cases were recorded.

Results: Out of the 58 cases included in the study, 57 of them were singleton pregnancies, and one was a twin pregnancy. The patients' mean age was 29.7±5.3 years. The elective cerclage group consisted of 23 cases and the emergency cerclage group consisted of 35 cases. Among the patients applied cerclage, 8 (15.1%) delivered before 24 weeks, 5 (9.4%) delivered between 25-28 weeks, 3 (5.7%) delivered between 29-32 weeks, 10 (18.9%) delivered between 33-36 weeks, and 27 (50.9%) delivered at 37 weeks or later. Elective cerclage patients had a lower mean gestational age (15.6±2.5 weeks) compared to emergency cerclage patients (20.9±2.7 weeks), and the interval for elective cerclage (17.1±7.5 weeks) was statistically longer than that for emergency cerclage (12.6±6.9 weeks) (p: 0.031).

Conclusion: In our study, it has been observed that both elective and emergency cerclage in patients with cervical insufficiency extend the duration of pregnancy, and reduce the incidence of second-trimester loss and preterm birth.
Price decisions, values, and cost management:
Authors: Bjørnenak Trond , Mathias Liboriussen Jakob
Published: January 2024

This paper suggests the paradigm of pragmatic constructivism as a novel and fruitful way for researchers to explore pricing approaches in practice. To do so, the paper leverages pragmatic constructivism’s concept of reality integration to discuss four classical pricing approaches. These approaches are: i) the economist approach; ii) the cost-plus pricing approach; iii) the competition-based pricing approach; and iv) the customer-based pricing approach. Our findings suggest that pricing literature within the fields of economics, marketing and strategy often is not able to to sufficiently take the complex reality of practice into account. Specifically, we argue that the literature takes too reductionistic approaches to the pricing phenomenon. This paper agrees with the marketing- and strategy-based pricing literature’s critique of the assumptions of the neoclassical theory of the firm. However, in contrast to this literature, we argue that the cost-plus and competition-based pricing approaches are still highly relevant. Based on our findings, we suggest that the practice-paradigm of pragmatic constructivism may be a fruitful departure point for future research to develop a richer and broader understanding of pricing in practice that potentially could lead to more advanced pricing conceptualisations.
Sandkærgårds lade i Grønhøj fra 1791
Authors: Atzbach Rainer
Published: January 2024

Sandkærgård’s barn at Grønhøj from 1791The Potato Germans’ only surviving secular building

This article explores to what degree German immigrants imported, adopted or transformed building traditions during their ‘colonisation’ of the sparsely settled heathland of Alhede to the west of Viborg in the late 18th century. The last surviving secular building of the so-called Potato Germans, the barn at the farm of Sandkærgård, is presented as a case study. Between 1760 and 1763, King Frederik V of Denmark invited German immigrants from southern Hesse and Palatinate to settle in the heathlands to the west of Viborg. He aimed to intensify the agricultural use of this sandy, barren and sparsely populated land. About 300 families answered his call and began establishing new settlements in the Alhede area. They saw no future in their homeland, which had been devasted by wars, while the Prussian Seven Year’s War and the so-called French-Indian War prevented them from emigrating to America or Russia. But the new settlers quickly discovered that the heathland was not as fertile as advertised, and neither did the Danish government keep its promises of support. While most immigrants left Denmark again, about 60 families remained in the Alhede.The barn at Sandkærgård is – apart from the parish church in Frederiks – the last preserved building from the immigration period. It has been dendrochronologically dated to 1791. Its half-timbered, single-storey construction without aisles matches fine contemporary Danish buildings. Its sparse use of braces, its single chain of rails on all sides and its roof construction all correspond to common developments in barns in the late 18th century, when the older reversed assembly roof went out of use. One feature, the elevated central part of the eave, has been perceived as a foreign trait rooted in the Hessian or Palatinate building tradition. But there are no evident parallels to this building in the immigrants’ homeland, while the elevated part is documented on the island of Als in northern Schleswig. Perhaps (German-speaking?) craftsmen from Als were engaged in building the new settlements. The barn at the farm of Sandkærgård therefore documents a process of integration and assimilation, where immigrants adopted the cultural traditions and workmanship of their new home.
Socialreformen 1933 i Hørsholm
Authors: Jensen Hans Jørgen Winther
Published: January 2024

Socialreformen 1933 i Hørsholm. En verden til forskel.
La investigación científica sobre el uso de influencers en la gestión de las marcas: estado de la cuestión
Authors: Sanz-Marcos Paloma , Melendez González-Haba Guadalupe , Castillo-Díaz Ana , Vergara Enrique
Published: January 2024

Este artículo analiza las publicaciones científicas sobre los influencers en las redes sociales con objeto de explorar su relación en torno a las estrategias de branding. Para ello se lleva a cabo una revisión sistemática de estos conceptos a través de una búsqueda de artículos científicos que contempla las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. A partir de una muestra de un total de 74 publicaciones académicas revisadas por pares se advierte que las temáticas que relacionan las estrategias de influencers con el brand management son relativamente escasas. El incipiente crecimiento de los estudios científicos sobre el marketing de influencer unido al empleo de metodologías, en su mayoría de tipo exploratorio, en redes sociales, explican una tendencia centrada en el abordaje de estos perfiles desde una perspectiva mayoritariamente interesada en esclarecer cuestiones relacionadas con la ética, determinar las técnicas persuasivas empleadas por los influencers u observar su relación con los públicos desde una perspectiva social. Se aprecia la necesidad de continuar nutriendo una línea de investigación sólida que vincule el estudio de los influencers a las posibles implicaciones con respecto a las estrategias de marca.
Deletrear a Freire
Authors: Sañé Díaz-Santos Francesc D'Assís
Published: January 2024

Pasados unos años del centenario del nacimiento del autor nordestino Paulo Reglus Neves Freire (Paulo Freire), su obra parece ser más necesaria que nunca. ¿Quiénes son los oprimidos hoy en día? ¿Siguen vigentes las estrategias y trucos de los opresores? Un repaso por el texto fundacional de la pedagogía crítica, La pedagogía del oprimido, nos dará las pistas para poder aplicar las enseñanzas del maestro hoy en día con tal de buscar una vez más nuestro lugar en el cosmos. En este pequeño artículo, intentaré superponer parte de las ideas expuestas por Freire en su opus magnum con las inquietudes y paradojas de la contemporaneidad.
Que papel desempenha a educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável na formação docente
Authors: Dos Santos Camila Rodrigues , Melo Elda Silva do Nascimento
Published: January 2024

O artigo em questão apresenta um recorte da tese de doutorado que se propôs a analisar a representação social de um grupo de professores sobre o “ser docente”, a partir da interface entre a Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) e a própria representação social do grupo e suas implicações no “fazer docente”, a partir da formação continuada. A pesquisa desenvolvida teve como lócus três distintos campos, sendo duas instituições de ensino no Brasil e uma na Espanha. Neste artigo, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa que investiga a perspectiva dos docentes em relação à Educação para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (EDS). O suporte teórico-metodológico abrange a nova Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, uma iniciativa da UNESCO, e os Encontros Reflexivos Dialogais (ERDs), conforme proposto por Morais (2019). A partir dos ERDs apresentamos a análise das reflexões e diálogos com professores de um Centro de Ensino Primário (CEIP) em Valência, Espanha. Assim, objetivou-se compreender a relação do fazer docente com a Educação para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Destaca-se como achados da pesquisa que os docentes espanhóis assumem o compromisso em oferecer uma educação integral, alinhada às necessidades prementes de nosso planeta, apontando os diálogos relacionados diretamente com os desafios contemporâneos, visando uma educação mais sustentável e integral.
Transexualidad y clandestinidad en el Franquismo
Authors: Salinas Soto Andrea
Published: January 2024

Al término de la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939) se produce la imposición de la dictadura franquista (1939-1975), que abogará por mantener el sistema de correspondencia sexo-género tradicional capaz de perpetuar la institución familiar y la natalidad, para lo que las disidencias sexuales e identitarias serán reprimidas. La escasa experiencia transgénero que se había experimentado momentos previos a la dictadura será reducida al silencio y a la clandestinidad, produciéndose así un cambio en los espacios de sociabilización donde los transexuales tendrán que integrarse en la sociedad a través de la ocultación de su ser. A través de esta revisión bibliográfica por algunas de las obras que han abarcado la cuestión de la transexualidad y el travestismo en el franquismo, se pretende hacer un acercamiento al pasado más reciente para comprender como fue el tratamiento de estas realidades en la dictadura.
La guerra del otro: la guerra civil desde Gibraltar
Authors: Ponce Alberca Julio
Published: January 2024

Un observatorio muy interesante para contemplar la Guerra civil fue la colonia británica de Gibraltar. Este asunto ha sido escasamente estudiado pese a los numerosos testimonios de españoles y británicos que pasaron por la Roca en aquellas trágicas fechas. Se ha hablado con frecuencia de la solidaridad y simpatía de los países democráticos con el gobierno republicano español que, en el caso de Gibraltar, se tradujo en la ayuda y el apoyo recibido por los refugiados españoles de manos de las organizaciones sindicales británicas. Eso encierra una parte de la verdad porque, también, hubo otros sectores que depositaron su crédito en las fuerzas sublevadas. De todo ello hay pruebas tanto literarias como archivísticas.
Elena Soriano: una escritora en lucha contra la censura franquista
Authors: Linuesa Torrijos Estefanía
Published: January 2024

Durante el régimen franquista, las escritoras se enfrentaron a una doble adversidad: la censura y la opresión de un sistema patriarcal. A pesar de las restricciones, escritoras como Elena Soriano desafiaron estas ataduras y produjeron obras literarias que resaltan en el panorama de la posguerra española. Sus novelas abordan temas considerados tabú y critican la estructura patriarcal y la marginalización de las mujeres, lo que provocó que tuvieran que enfrentarse a la tijera censora. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar la incidencia de la censura editorial en el universo literario de la escritora y, concretamente, en la trilogía Mujer y hombre.
Investigation of methane formation processes during waste disposal in the northern territories
Authors: Zabelina Alexandra  Victorovna
Published: January 2024

Methane is one of the most significant greenhouse gases. Unlike carbon dioxide, methane is a short – lived greenhouse gas with a lifetime of about 10 years, however, due to significantly higher greenhouse activity (according to scientists, it is at least 25 times greater than that of carbon dioxide), its effect on total global warming is very significant. Global warming processes have the greatest impact on the biosphere and ecosystem of the Arctic territories. The melting of permafrost can lead to changes in soil composition and geological processes. Therefore, the formation of methane in the Arctic and subarctic territories is quite an urgent issue. The purpose of this work is to study the amount of methane released in landfills of municipal solid waste. The article discusses the results of a study of methane formation processes at landfills close to the post-operational period. The data in the work were obtained by applying the technology of drilling an array of municipal waste. The article considered the polygons of the Subarctic and Arctic zones. The paper presents averaged data on the results of methane extraction at various landfills. It was found that the volume fraction of methane in the composition of landfill gas from the waste array disposed of over the past two years can reach 61%. However, in the approved methodology for calculating emissions from landfills of municipal solid waste (MSW), accounting for emissions over the past two years is advisory in nature, which creates prerequisites for adjusting the methodology based on the results of instrumental measurements. The results obtained make it possible to more accurately assess the carbon units obtained by introducing the best available technologies at MSW landfills, which is especially important in the framework of the implementation of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic for the period up to 2035.
Novel grey wolf optimizer based parameters selection for GARCH and ARIMA models for stock price prediction
Authors: Bagalkot Sneha S. , A Dinesha H. , Naik Nagaraj
Published: January 2024

Stock price data often exhibit nonlinear patterns and dynamics in nature. The parameter selection in generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models is challenging due to stock price volatility. Most studies examined the manual method for parameter selection in GARCH and ARIMA models. These procedures are time-consuming and based on trial and error. To overcome this, we considered a GWO method for finding the optimal parameters in GARCH and ARIMA models. The motivation behind considering the grey wolf optimizer (GWO) is one of the popular methods for parameter optimization. The novel GWO-based parameters selection approach for GARCH and ARIMA models aims to improve stock price prediction accuracy by optimizing the parameters of ARIMA and GARCH models. The hierarchical structure of GWO comprises four distinct categories: alpha (α), beta (β), delta (δ) and omega (ω). The predatory conduct of wolves primarily encompasses the act of pursuing and closing in on the prey, tracing the movements of the prey, and ultimately launching an attack on the prey. In the proposed context, attacking prey is a selection of the best parameters for GARCH and ARIMA models. The GWO algorithm iteratively updates the positions of wolves to provide potential solutions in the search space in GARCH and ARIMA models. The proposed model is evaluated using root mean squared error (RMSE), mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The GWO-based parameter selection for GARCH and ARIMA improves the performance of the model by 5% to 8% compared to existing traditional GARCH and ARIMA models.
Disentangled self-attention neural network based on information sharing for click-through rate prediction
Authors: Wang Yingqi , Ji Huiqin , He Xin , Yu Junyang , Han Hongyu , Zhai Rui , Wang Longge
Published: January 2024

With the exponential growth of network resources, recommendation systems have become successful at combating information overload. In intelligent recommendation systems, the prediction of click-through rates (CTR) plays a crucial role. Most CTR models employ a parallel network architecture to successfully capture explicit and implicit feature interactions. However, the existing models ignore two aspects. One limitation observed in most models is that they focus only on the interaction of paired term features, with no emphasis on modeling unary terms. The second issue is that most models input characteristics indiscriminately into parallel networks, resulting in network input oversharing. We propose a disentangled self-attention neural network based on information sharing (DSAN) for CTR prediction to simulate complex feature interactions. Firstly, an embedding layer transforms high-dimensional sparse features into low-dimensional dense matrices. Then, the disentangled multi-head self-attention learns the relationship between different features and is fed into a parallel network architecture. Finally, we set up a shared interaction layer to solve the problem of insufficient information sharing in parallel networks. Results from experiments conducted on two real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed method surpasses existing methods in predictive accuracy.
Aves sin nido: inmigrantes y racismo en "Charapo" (2016) de Pablo D. Shang
Authors: Carvajal Gustavo
Published: January 2024

La novela Charapo de Pablo D. Sheng ha sido leída de dos maneras contrarias. Por un lado, algunos críticos la consideran un aporte valioso a la narrativa nacional por su temática. Como afirma Patricia Espinosa, Charapo explora las experiencias de los inmigrantes peruanos en Santiago, tema esporádicamente abordado en la ficción chilena reciente. Ciertos elementos propios del realismo literario en la novela sustentan esta lectura. Un tono realista social que retrata la violencia y el racismo que sufren los migrantes en el Chile contemporáneo caracteriza sus primeras secciones. Por el contrario, otros comentaristas han advertido sobre la controvertida representación del otro racial en la novela. Esta mirada está alerta a elementos en el texto que representan las experiencias de inmigrantes excesivamente apegadas a imágenes de pobreza y brutalidad. Este artículo demostrará cómo Charapo intenta resolver esta problemática de acuerdo con la agenda antirracista que atraviesa la novela. Específicamente, se estudiarán las estrategias narrativas y representacionales que buscan desmantelar el realismo que estructura el discurso dominante que racializa al otro inmigrante en el Chile neoliberal actual.

Palabras claves: inmigración, racismo, identidad, novela chilena.
Ficciones musicalizadas: propuesta de lectura intermedial de dos cuentos chilenos recientes.
Authors: Mundaca Alejandro
Published: January 2024

La poesía ha sido el principal género relacionado a la música en la literatura chilena, sin embargo, la narrativa contemporánea también muestra referencias incipientes que son interesantes. Por ello, en este artículo me enfoco en la Antología del cuento chileno reciente (2022), donde identifico dos obras que incorporan la música de tradición escrita a su trama narrativa, permitiéndome explorar su metodología, efectos y funcionamiento, los cuales han sido utilizados por reconocidos autores modernos y contemporáneos. En concreto, empleo dos categorías de Werner Wolf que caracterizan la de la ficción: la tematización explícita y la imitación implícita de la música clásica. Una lo hace por medio de una narrativa que problematiza estereotipos musicales y otra cuyas voces se despliegan de forma similar al sujeto, respuesta y contrasujeto musical de una fuga.
Memoria y tiempo en la poesía de Pedro Lastra
Authors: Burgos Pérez Fernando
Published: January 2024

Un estudio sobre los modos con los que el curso de la temporalidad y los desplazamientos de la memoria constituyen singularidades de sostenida arquitectura en la poesía de Pedro Lastra. Aspecto que fundamenta la realización de un imaginario del poeta chileno que comprende diversas dimensiones desde las existenciales hasta las metafísicas de modo que la memoria se hace aliada de traslaciones de impredecible curso. Asimismo, se examina en la poesía de Lastra la temporalidad como una noción de duración desatada a través de la memoria lo cual supone, siguiendo la línea de pensamiento de Deleuze en su interpretación de Bergson, que tal dimensión se logra en la activación de la conciencia y de la libertad (lo abierto en el decir de Heidegger) como dos elementos esenciales en su proceso de plasmación artística.
Presentación Dosier
Authors: Fischer Carl , Franken María Angélica
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
La hija del silencio
Authors: Calderón Le Joliff Tatiana
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Presentación del cuento “Seguridad ciudadana”, de Ramón Díaz Eterovic
Authors: González Marcelo
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
“Seguridad ciudadana” (transcripción hecha por el autor)
Authors: Díaz Eterovic Ramón
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Grínor Rojo. "La novela chilena. Literatura y sociedad"
Authors: Molina Lorca Cristóbal
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen