bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Situaciones de aprendizaje STE(A)M: oportunidades de una formación docente para la educación ciudadana
Authors: Lupión Cobos Teresa , Valencia Ruiz Juliana , Torres Blanco Verónica
Published: July 2024

La reforma curricular LOMLOE enfatiza una educación basada en competencias mediante situaciones de aprendizaje favorecedoras para la formación ciudadana del alumnado. Este trabajo analiza las oportunidades ofrecidas por proyectos STE(A)M, diseñados en el marco de un programa de innovación docente con intervención colaborativa universidad-escuela. Promoviendo la actualización docente, se planificó una instrucción formativa que ofreciese pautas didácticas para elaborar situaciones de aprendizaje utilizando la contextualización y la indagación científica escolar como estrategias didácticas. Se seleccionó la problemática ambiental sobre un entorno cercano para implicar al alumnado en la toma de decisiones y en actuaciones ciudadanas para la sostenibilidad, tratando de desarrollar sus competencias clave y pensamiento crítico. Analizamos la actuación con instrumentos validados, valorando las dimensiones del pensamiento crítico, las componentes del tratamiento STE(A)M y las capacidades científico-indagativas que pueden implicarse en el conocimiento y competencias del alumnado, establecido fortalezas y debilidades y aportando mejoras para futuras situaciones de aprendizaje.
La Regenta (2023) de Marisa Manchado, una ópera contemporánea española atemporal
Authors: Noheda Carmen
Published: July 2024

Resumen. La presente investigación aborda la trayectoria operística de Marisa Manchado, con especial atención al proceso creativo de su última ópera La Regenta, estrenada en las Naves del Español en Matadero el 24 de octubre de 2023. Desde sus primeras incursiones en el género hace treinta años, Manchado ha perseguido, además de un enfoque feminista, la espontaneidad e inmediatez al desentrañar la complejidad psicológica de sus personajes y ambientes escénicos. La Regenta surge de la estrecha colaboración con Amelia Valcárcel, quien percibió el potencial de adaptar la novela de Leopoldo Alas, Clarín, a la ópera dos décadas atrás. La versión camerística coproducida por el Teatro Real y el Teatro Español, con dirección de escena de Bárbara Lluch, nos introduce en el imaginario visual y auditivo de un entorno cruel y opresivo. El análisis de la partitura junto con los testimonios del equipo artístico nos permitirá explorar las posibilidades creativas de una dramaturgia musical que apunta a la apertura y flexibilidad interpretativas, sin atenerse a ningún espacio ni tiempo concreto, mientras profundiza en una compleja red de conflictos emocionales de la que nadie está a salvo en La Regenta.
The Nature of Love: Corporeality, Drama and the Musical Poetics of the Female Human Voice in Monica Maffía’s ‘La anémona y el jabalí’
Authors: Celda Real Olga
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In La anémona y el jabalí [The Anemone and the Boar] by Mónica Maffía, codes related to corporeality, musical poetics, semiotics, hermeneutics, poetry, gender, history, ideological positions and social significance are present at the core of this interdisciplinary play located in the precise time of specific dates before the Spanish Civil War breaks in 1936. In the play, female voices tell their stories in a demarcated spatial setting in which socio-ideological capital and ‘cultural values resonate throughout the bodies that constitute them’ . In this radical dramaturgical product, the dualism between mind and body is linked by the female voices of the female bodies on stage, whose expressive agency delivers meaning and action of socio-historical significance. Moving away from the rooted narratives of nostalgia associated with the Spanish Civil War’s imaginary, La anémona y el jabalí presents instead a fluid socio-cultural product, in which the intertwining of the female voice and poetics crafts a dramaturgical work on the multifaceted nature of love in precise chronotope.
Frontera de Valldemosa’s Equinotación and the Nineteenth-Century Textbook Controversies It Sparked
Authors: Pizà Antoni
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Francisco Frontera de Valldemosa (1807-1891) published the first edition of his treatise, generally known as Equinotación, in 1837. The book purported to simplify musical notation by reducing the complex system of clefs to only three. From the moment it became public his clef method became controversial. First, it sparked a long controversy in the Revue et gazette musicale de Paris regarding the system’s originality, usefulness, and possible plagiarism. Subsequent editions decades later also sparked debates and even a couple of lawsuits, as reflected in several articles in the Gaceta musical barcelonesa. At the bottom of these polemics and under the guise of music-theoretical arguments there were the commercial interests of the textbooks’ authors.
Keywords. Equinotación, Francisco Frontera de Valldemosa, Jose Gil y Navarro, musical notation, textbooks, music theory and solfège methods, Revue et gazette musicale de Paris, Gaceta musical barcelonesa.
Arte, feminismo y cuerpo político. Estrategias de lucha activista en la performance de Regina José Galindo
Authors: Monleón Pradas Mau
Published: July 2024

Resumen. El presente texto titulado Arte, feminismo y cuerpo político, presenta una investigación acerca de la obra del artista guatemalteca Regina José Galindo y aborda proyectos realizados en un período que abarca veintitrés años de su trayectoria, entre 1999 y 2022.
Se analiza un total de 14 obras en las que la artista utiliza diferentes estrategias en la performance, donde el cuerpo se torna en herramienta política y de lucha activista. La violencia de género está presente en todas las obras de la artista, en las que la documentación fotográfica y en formato video-performance es fundamental para escribir la historia de sus procesos de visibilización, concienciación, y de su compromiso feminista a lo largo de este periodo.
Formation of a state approach to the accumulation of human potential through the prism of the importance of education
Authors: Gorokhova Svetlana Sergeevna
Published: July 2024

The subject of the research is a scientifically based concept of human development as the basis for the formation of a socially oriented state policy, as well as the idea of "human capital" derived from it. The paper pays attention to the historical aspects of the formation of the worldview approach under study. The issues of introducing the concept of "human potential" into the economic, political and legal environment of modern states are considered. The factors influencing the progressive development of human potential are investigated, with an emphasis on the role of education in this field in general, and higher education in particular. The article analyzes the specific features of the functioning of the modern educational environment of the Russian Federation, as well as factors influencing the process of integration of education, science and practice in Russia and in the world. Within the framework of the conducted research, the entire complex of formal and logical methods of cognition was used, statistical as well as comparative legal methods were used. The main conclusion of the study is to identify the need, justified by the current situation, for the formation of a new, scientifically based state approach to the accumulation of human potential of our state, formed through the prism of increasing the role of higher education institutions in the formation of both the human potential of the country as a whole and the individual human capital of each individual. The paper notes that higher education institutions, contributing to this capital in the form of high-quality education and scientific research, which is in demand in the realities of the innovative economy, become a key link in the formation of a reliable chain linking the success of the economy, the prosperity of the nation and the well-being of each member of society, which, ultimately, will overcome the existing ones at the present stage difficulties.
Evaluation of Gremlin-1 as a therapeutic target in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
Authors: Horn Paul , Norlin Jenny , Almholt Kasper , Viuff Birgitte M , Galsgaard Elisabeth D , Hald Andreas , Zosel Franziska , Demuth Helle , Poulsen Svend , Norby Peder L , Rasch Morten G , Vyberg Mogens , Fleckner Jan , Werge Mikkel Parsberg , Gluud Lise Lotte , Rink Marco R , Shepherd Emma , Northall Ellie , Lalor Patricia F , Weston Chris J , Fog-Tonnesen Morten , Newsome Philip N
Published: July 2024

Gremlin-1 has been implicated in liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) via inhibition of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling and has thereby been identified as a potential therapeutic target. Using rat in vivo and human in vitro and ex vivo model systems of MASH fibrosis, we show that neutralisation of Gremlin-1 activity with monoclonal therapeutic antibodies does not reduce liver inflammation or liver fibrosis. Still, Gremlin-1 was upregulated in human and rat MASH fibrosis, but expression was restricted to a small subpopulation of COL3A1/THY1+ myofibroblasts. Lentiviral overexpression of Gremlin-1 in LX-2 cells and primary hepatic stellate cells led to changes in BMP-related gene expression, which did not translate to increased fibrogenesis. Furthermore, we show that Gremlin-1 binds to heparin with high affinity, which prevents Gremlin-1 from entering systemic circulation, prohibiting Gremlin-1-mediated organ crosstalk. Overall, our findings suggest a redundant role for Gremlin-1 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, which is unamenable to therapeutic targeting.
Distinct neural mechanisms underlying perceptual and attentional impairments of conscious access
Authors: Noorman Samuel , Stein Timo , Fahrenfort Johannes J , van Gaal Simon
Published: July 2024

This study investigates failures in conscious access resulting from either weak sensory input (perceptual blindness) or unattended input (attentional blindness). Participants viewed a Kanizsa stimulus with or without an illusory triangle within a rapid serial visual presentation of distractor stimuli. We designed a novel Kanizsa stimulus that contained additional ancillary features of different complexity (local contrast and collinearity) that were independently manipulated. Perceptual performance on the Kanizsa stimulus (presence vs. absence of an illusion) was equated between the perceptual (masking) and attentional (attentional blink) manipulation to circumvent common confounds related to conditional differences in task performance. We trained and tested classifiers on electroencephalogram (EEG) data to reflect the processing of specific stimulus features, with increasing levels of complexity. We show that late stages of processing (∼200-250 ms), reflecting the integration of complex stimulus features (collinearity, illusory triangle), were impaired by masking but spared by the attentional blink. In contrast, decoding of local contrast (the spatial arrangement of stimulus features) was observed early in time (∼80 ms) and was left largely unaffected by either manipulation. These results replicate previous work showing that feedforward processing is largely preserved under both perceptual and attentional blindness. Crucially however, under matched levels of performance, only attentional blindness left the processing of more complex visual features relatively intact, likely related to spared lateral and local feedback processes during inattention. These findings reveal distinct neural mechanisms associated with perceptual and attentional blindness and thus contribute to a comprehensive understanding of distinct neural stages leading to conscious access.
Basal ganglia output - entopeduncular nucleus - coding of contextual kinematics and reward in the freely moving mouse
Authors: Verma-Rodríguez Anil K , Ramírez-Jarquín Josué O , Rossi-Pool Román , Tecuapetla Fatuel
Published: July 2024

The entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) is often termed as one of the output nuclei of the basal ganglia owing to their highly convergent anatomy. The rodent EPN has been implicated in reward and value coding whereas the primate analogue internal Globus Pallidus has been found to be modulated by some movements and in some circumstances. In this study we sought to understand how the rodent EPN might be coding kinematic, reward, and value parameters, particularly during locomotion. Furthermore, we aimed to understand the level of movement representation: whole-body or specific body parts. To this end, mice were trained in a freely moving two-alternative forced choice task with two periods of displacement (Return and Go trajectories) and performed electrophysiological recordings together with video-based tracking. We found 1) robust reward, but not value, coding. 2) Spatio-temporal variables better explain EPN activity during movement compared to kinematic variables, while both types of variables were more robustly represented in reward-related movement. 3) Reward sensitive units encode kinematics similarly to reward insensitive ones. 4) Population dynamics that best account for differences between these two periods of movement can be explained by allocentric references like distance to reward port. 5) The representation of paw and licks is not mutually exclusive, discarding a somatotopic muscle-level representation of movement in the EPN. Our data suggest that EPN activity represents movements and reward in a complex way: highly multiplexed, influenced by the objective of the displacement, where trajectories that lead to reward better represent spatial and kinematic variables. Interestingly, there are intertwining representations of whole-body movement kinematics with single paw and licking variables. Further, reward and kinematic coding are not mutually exclusive, challenging the notion of distinct pathways for reward and movement processing.
Predictive models for secondary epilepsy within 1 year in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Liu Jinxin , He Haoyue , Wang Yanglingxi , Du Jun , Liang Kaixin , Xue Jun , Liang Yidan , Chen Peng , Tian Shanshan , Deng Yongbing
Published: July 2024

Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is a significant complication that has a negative impact on the prognosis and quality of life of ischemic stroke patients. We collected medical records from multiple hospitals and created an interpretable machine learning model for prediction
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We collected medical records, imaging reports, and laboratory tests from 21459 patients with a history of ischemic stroke in several hospitals. We conducted traditional univariable and multivariable statistics analyses to compare and identify important features. Then the data was divided into a 70% training set and a 30% testing set. We employed the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique method to augment the positive class in the training set. Nine commonly used methods were used to build machine learning models, and relevant prediction metrics were compared to select the best-performing model. Finally, we used SHAP(SHapley Additive exPlanations) for model interpretability analysis, assessing the contribution and clinical significance of different features to the prediction
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In the traditional regression analysis, complications such as hydrocephalus, cerebral hernia, uremia, deep vein thrombosis; significant brain regions included the involvement of the cortical regions including frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, subcortical region of basal ganglia, thalamus and so on contributed to PSE. General features such as age, gender, and NIHSS(the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, as well as laboratory indicators including WBC count, D-dimer, lactate, HbA1c and so on were associated with a higher likelihood of PSE. Patients with conditions such as fatty liver, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, and low HDL had a higher likelihood of developing PSE. The machine learning models, particularly tree models such as Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM, demonstrated good predictive performance with an AUC of 0.99
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The model built on a large dataset can effectively predict the likelihood of PSE, with tree-based models performing the best. The NIHSS score, WBC count and d-dimer were found to have the greatest impact
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Proteomic landscape of tunneling nanotubes reveals CD9 and CD81 tetraspanins as key regulators
Authors: Manzano Roberto Notario , Chaze Thibault , Rubinstein Eric , Penard Esthel , Matondo Mariette , Zurzolo Chiara , Brou Christel
Published: July 2024

Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are open actin- and membrane-based channels, connecting remote cells and allowing direct transfer of cellular material (e.g. vesicles, mRNAs, protein aggregates) from cytoplasm to cytoplasm. Although they are important especially in pathological conditions (e.g., cancers, neurodegenerative diseases), their precise composition and their regulation were still poorly described. Here, using a biochemical approach allowing to separate TNTs from cell bodies and from extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs), we obtained the full composition of TNTs compared to EVPs. We then focused to two major components of our proteomic data, the CD9 and CD81 tetraspanins, and further investigated their specific roles in TNT formation and function. We show that these two tetraspanins have distinct non-redundant functions: CD9 participates in stabilizing TNTs, whereas CD81 expression is required to allow the functional transfer of vesicle in the newly formed TNTs, possibly by regulating docking to or fusion with the opposing cell.
Mechanism of action of miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediation
Authors: Liu Dong , Guan Yan
Published: July 2024

Background

miRNAs are small, conserved, single-stranded non-coding RNA that are typically transported by exosomes for their functional roles. The therapeutic potential of exosomal miRNAs has been explored in various diseases including breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, skin diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and glioma. Pathophysiological processes such as cellular inflammation, apoptosis, necrosis, immune dysfunction, and oxidative stress are closely associated with miRNAs. Internal and external factors such as tissue ischemia, hypoxia, pathogen infection, and endotoxin exposure can trigger these reactions and are linked to miRNAs. Paraquat-induced fibrosis is a protracted process that may not manifest immediately after injury but develops during bodily recovery, providing insights into potential miRNA intervention treatments.

Rationale

These findings could potentially be applied for further pharmaceutical research and clinical therapy of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis, and are likely to be of great interest to clinicians involved in lung fibrosis research.

Methodology

Through a literature review, we identified an association between miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p and their involvement in the Wnt signaling pathway. This allowed us to deduce the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory interactions involved in paraquat-induced lung fibrosis.

Results

miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p play roles in body repair processes, and pulmonary fibrosis can be considered a form of reparative response by the body. Although the initial purpose of fibrotic repair is to restore normal body function, excessive tissue fibrosis, unlike scar formation following external skin trauma, can significantly and adversely affect the body. Modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is beneficial in alleviating tissue fibrosis in various diseases.

Conclusions

In this study, we delineate the association between miR-15a-5p and miR-152-3p and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, presenting a novel concept for addressing paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Ascertaining the Curriculum Relevance of the Special Program Journalism in Select Public Secondary Schools in Caraga Region
Authors: De Los Santos Rhoda , Grana Levita
Published: July 2024

The study delves into the impact and effectiveness of the Special Program in Journalism (SPJ) by examining the experiences and perspectives of graduates from select public secondary schools in Caraga Region – XIII. The primary aims include profiling the pioneering SPJ graduates, assessing the development of their journalistic skills, and evaluating the benefits derived from completing the program. Utilizing a tracer study approach, data was collected through surveys and thematic analysis to capture the graduates' feedback on the strengths and weaknesses of the SPJ curriculum, particularly focusing on the availability of journalism facilities and technological resources. Results revealed that while graduates acknowledged the program's strengths in enhancing writing, speaking, and lay-outing skills, they also highlighted deficiencies in access to essential tools like speech laboratories and digital cameras. The study concludes that improving journalism facilities is crucial for enhancing the program's effectiveness and ensuring graduates are well-equipped for journalism careers. Additionally, establishing a monitoring and evaluation tool is recommended to track the long-term impact of the SPJ program on graduates' professional trajectories.
Body Mass Index, Eating Habits and Physical Activities of College Students at Catanduanes State University Panganiban Campus
Authors: Salvador Rowel
Published: July 2024

The transition from high school to university is a critical phase when students struggle to make healthy eating choices with adequate nutrition, affecting their academic status. This descriptive-correlational research investigated the body mass index, eating habits, and physical activities of one hundred twenty-four (124) Bachelor of Elementary Education college students at Catanduanes State University, Panganiban Campus, Catanduanes, Philippines. The researcher used the mean frequency to tabulate the result of the student’s socio-demographic profile, physical activities, and eating habits and the Pearson chi-square to determine the relationship of the variables. Analyzed data on sex revealed that the majority or 50.80% of the respondents have normal BMI, only 3 or 2.42% are obese; year level, majority or 29.03% are first year while 0.80% or 1 is irregular; family income is below Php 9,520; physical activities, majority or 54.83% “rarely” exercise while only 0.81% does it “usually”; eating habits, the respondents “seldom” skip meals aside from majority “seldom” eat the aforementioned list of foods by mealtime. No correlations were established between sex, physical activities, and BMI only along variable-eating habits (Pearson chi-square 14.484, p= 0.025). Thus, healthy eating habits constitute improved food knowledge and education, meal planning, participation in food preparation, and exercise, which reinforces a higher level of physical fitness associated with an increase in academic achievement.
Análise de resenhas comparativas entre o Sétimo Selo e Big Sur
Authors: Foohs Marcelo Magalhães
Published: July 2024

O presente estudo investiga as interpretações dos estudantes sobre o existencialismo através da análise comparativa de dois filmes: O Sétimo Selo e Big Sur. Utilizando resenhas elaboradas pelos alunos, o estudo examina como os conceitos existencialistas são percebidos em sua representação na mídia cinematográfica. Referências teóricas incluem trabalhos de pensadores existencialistas e teóricos da comunicação e do cinema. A análise revelou categorias complexas de representação de conteúdo, como a busca por sentido, a representação do feminino e críticas às abordagens cinematográficas. Os resultados destacam a eficácia da análise crítica de filmes como ferramenta educacional, sugerindo áreas para pesquisas futuras, como a exploração das representações do feminino no existencialismo cinematográfico e a análise das abordagens contemporâneas dos diretores sobre temas existenciais.
The Relationship Between Lower Vitamin D Levels and Hearing Loss in Older Adults
Authors: Lee Yun Ji , Jung Jun Ho , Chung Jong Woo
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a sensorineural disease that is associated with a number of factors. In addition to age, sex, environment, lifestyle, and comorbidities are all known to be related to ARHL as well. The prevalence of ARHL can be reduced by controlling the adjustable factors that cause it. Vitamin D levels are strongly related to calcium metabolism, which can affect ARHL. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D and ARHL.Subjects and Methods: A total of 1,104 subjects aged >65 years were enrolled from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2010-2012. Every participant received both an audiological assessment and a nutritional survey. The association between ARHL and serum vitamin D concentration was analyzed using logistic regression analyses with complex sampling adjusted for confounding factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking status, mobility, and bone mineral density.Results: Our multivariable analysis revealed that males in the group with lower serum levels of vitamin D (< 20 ng/mL) had a higher prevalence of ARHL (odds ratio, 1.638, 95% confidence interval, 1.058-2.538, p=0.027).Conclusions: This finding suggests that lower serum levels of vitamin D are associated with ARHL in the older male population.
Test-Retest Reliability of Tone Burst-Induced 500 Hz Air-Conduction Masseter Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Ramesh Keerthi , Thirunavukkarasu Kumaran , Alagendraraja Ramsankar Sujjuri
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Masseter vestibular evoked myogenic potential (mVEMP) is a newly developed tool which is used to assess the vestibulo-trigeminal neural and saccular functioning pathways. Recently, this test was added to a full test battery for evaluating the brainstem of people with neurological disorders and other vestibular diseases. For any test to qualify as a standard test, the test must have high reliability across all testing windows. Hence, the present study focused on validating the reliability of mVEMP in a large population.Subjects and Methods: The study included 50 healthy participants with normal hearing. All the participants were tested using mVEMP and underwent retest within a month after the initial test. All parameters (latencies, peak-to-peak amplitude, asymmetric ratio) were observed for both sessions. To determine the statistically significant differences between and across the sessions, non-parametric tests such as Mann–Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used.Results: The test-retest reliability of all parameters were observed. The reliability was fair-to-good for P11 and N21 latencies. The other parameters showed less significance. There were no significant differences in sex and ear comparisons between and across the sessions.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the mVEMP is a reliable test which can be used to assess peripheral vestibular system dysfunction and neurological conditions.
Digital Therapeutics in Hearing Healthcare: Evidence-Based Review
Authors: Kim Noori , Nakamura Keisuke Alexander
Published: July 2024

Digital therapeutics (DTx) in hearing research have emerged as a new category of therapies providing evidence-based intervention via digital means, such as software, smartphone apps, or websites. However, although relatively new, they are not well-established. In this article, we review DTx technologies in hearing research fields, focusing on three categories: prevention and diagnosis, aid (assistance), and cure (digital medicine). We observe that most DTx systems require interactions with users (or patients) without the direct support of clinical professionals to obtain or collect medical evidence; this makes training (or education) features crucial to the therapy’s success. In this view, this article discusses the education or training functions of the current DTx and their contribution and purposes. The impact of emerging artificial intelligence (AI) on DTx in hearing research is being explored, and the future of DTx concerning AI integration is being discussed. We believe that this work will contribute to a better understanding of the current and future DTx technological advancements and, in particular, shed light on the field of hearing research.
Digital Literacy Among Agricultural Extension Agents in North Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Sugihono Chris , Hariadi Sunarru Samsi , Wastutiningsih Sri Peni
Published: July 2024

This study assesses the digital literacy of agricultural extension agents in North Maluku Province, Indonesia, and its implications for service delivery. A survey of 252 extension agents, conducted from November 2022 to February 2023, employed a validated questionnaire based on five key indicators: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) usage, digital data and information literacy, digital communication and collaboration, digital learning and extension skills, and digital identity and security literacy. Descriptive statistical analysis revealed an overall digital literacy level of 54.3% (SD = 10.8), indicating moderate proficiency. While ICT skills proficiency was high (61%), proficiency in other areas was lower, ranging from 50.8% to 55%. Younger agents and those with higher educational levels demonstrated higher digital literacy. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions by government and academic institutions to bolster the digital capabilities of agricultural extension agents, thereby enhancing their capacity to leverage digital technologies for effective service provision in North Maluku's agricultural sector.
Effects of Flour Extract of Leaves of Terminalia catappa (L) on Aeromonas Motile Septicemia in Cyprinus carpio (L) Larvae
Authors: Nuryani Adilah , Ardiansyah  , Amrullah  , Indrayani  , Dahlia  , Rusli
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Terminalia catappa (L) leaf flour extract in controlling Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) disease caused by A. hydrophila in common carp larvae. The research method used in this study is an experimental method using a complete randomized design (RAL). This research consists of 2 stages; in vitro and in vivo tests using T. catappa leaf extract. In vitro test, T. catappa leaf extract consists of 5 different doses; The treatments consisted of 0 (negative control), 20, 40, 80, and 100 g L-1 T. catappa leaf flour extract and Stroptomycinsulphate 0.005 g (positive control). In vivo test, 3 best doses were selected based on the diameter zone of inhibition; 60, 80, and 100 g L-1, with positive (using Stroptomycinsulphate 0.005 g and untreated sample (without T. catappa leaf flour extract), each with 3 replicates. The results showed that using T. catappa leaf flour extract can significantly increase the fish's immune response, resistance, and survival. Duncan's further test showed that the 100 g L-1 dose treatment revealed an increase in immune response and survival rate compared to the F and G treatments.
Deferasirox demonstrates a dose‐dependent reduction in liver iron concentration and consistent efficacy across subgroups of non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassemia patients
Authors: Taher Ali T. , Porter John B. , Viprakasit Vip , Kattamis Antonis , Chuncharunee Suporn , Sutcharitchan Pranee , Siritanaratkul Noppadol , Galanello Renzo , Karakas Zeynep , Lawniczek Tomasz , Habr Dany , Ros Jacqueline , Zhang Yiyun , Cappellini M. Domenica
Published: April 2013

The 1‐year THALASSA study enrolled 166 patients with various non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (NTDT) syndromes, degrees of iron burden and patient characteristics, and demonstrated the overall efficacy and safety of deferasirox in reducing liver iron concentration (LIC) in these patients. Here, reduction in LIC with deferasirox 5 and 10 mg/kg/day starting dose groups is shown to be consistent across the following patient subgroups—baseline LIC/serum ferritin, age, gender, race, splenectomy (yes/no), and underlying NTDT syndrome (β‐thalassemia intermedia, HbE/β‐thalassemia or α‐thalassemia). These analyses also evaluated deferasirox dosing strategies for patients with NTDT. Greater reductions in LIC were achieved in patients dose‐escalated at Week 24 from deferasirox 10 mg/kg/day starting dose to 20 mg/kg/day. Patients who received an average actual dose of deferasirox >12.5–≤17.5 mg/kg/day achieved a greater LIC decrease compared with the ≥7.5–≤12.5 mg/kg/day and >0–<7.5 mg/kg/day subgroups, demonstrating a dose–response efficacy. LIC reduction across patient subgroups was generally consistent with the primary efficacy analysis with a similar safety profile. Am. J. Hematol. 88:503–506, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
budC knockout in Klebsiella pneumoniae for bioconversion from glycerol to 1,3‐propanediol
Authors: Guo Xinkun , Fang Huiying , Zhuge Bin , Zong Hong , Song Jian , Zhuge Jian , Du Xingxing
Published: April 2013

2,3‐Butanediol (2,3‐BD) is a major by‐product of 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PDO) fermentation by Klebsiella pneumoniae ZG25. It not only consumes large amounts of its carbon source and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to diminish synthesis of 1,3‐PDO, but also serves as an obstacle to high‐purity 1,3‐PDO in downstream processes. To decrease the formation of 2,3‐BD and make an intrinsic improvement in 1,3‐PDO production, the budC gene in K. pneumoniae, coding 2,3‐BD dehydrogenase, which is a key gene of the 2,3‐BD pathway, was successfully knocked out using the Red recombination system described in this paper. The results of the mutant fed‐batch fermentation showed that the 1,3‐PDO concentration, productivity per cell dry weight, and conversion rate increased to 880 mmol L−1, 22.0 mmol L−1 h−1, and 0.700 mol mol−1, respectively, increasing by 10%, 15%, and 11% compared with the parent strain. Meanwhile, 2,3‐BD was still found in fermentation broth with the 2,3‐BD metabolic pathway blocked, which implies that K. pneumoniae possesses a pathway of the 2,3‐BD cycle as a replenishment pathway.
Investigation of biochemical biorefinery sizing and environmental sustainability impacts for conventional bale system and advanced uniform biomass logistics designs
Authors: Argo Andrew M , Tan Eric CD , Inman Daniel , Langholtz Matt H , Eaton Laurence M , Jacobson Jacob J , Wright Christopher T , Muth David J , Wu May M , Chiu Yi‐Wen , Graham Robin L
Published: April 2013

The 2011 US Billion‐Ton Update1 estimates that there are enough agricultural and forest resources to sustainably provide enough biomass to displace approximately 30% of the country's current petroleum consumption. A portion of these resources are inaccessible at current cost targets with conventional feedstock supply systems because of their remoteness or low yields. Reliable analyses and projections of US biofuels production depend on assumptions about the supply system and biorefinery capacity, which, in turn, depend on economics, feedstock logistics, and sustainability. A cross‐functional team has examined optimal combinations of advances in feedstock supply systems and biorefinery capacities with rigorous design information, improved crop yield and agronomic practices, and improved estimates of sustainable biomass availability. Biochemical‐conversion‐to‐ethanol is analyzed for conventional bale‐based system and advanced uniform‐format feedstock supply system designs. The latter involves ‘pre‐processing’ biomass into a higher‐density, aerobically stable, easily transportable format that can supply large‐scale biorefineries. Feedstock supply costs, logistics and processing costs are analyzed and compared, taking into account environmental sustainability metrics. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Considering water availability and wastewater resources in the development of algal bio‐oil
Authors: Chiu Yi‐Wen , Wu May
Published: April 2013

This study aims to quantify water appropriation and the potential production of algal bio‐oil using freshwater and municipal wastewater effluent (MWW) as an alternative water resource. The county‐level analysis focuses on open‐pond algae cultivation systems located in 17 states in the southern United States. Several scenarios were developed to examine the water availability for algae bio‐oil production under various water resource mixing MWW and freshwater. The results of the analysis indicate that water availability can significantly affect the selection of an algal refinery site and therefore the potential production of algal bio‐oil. The production of one liter of algal bio‐oil requires 1036–1666 L of water at the state level, in which 3% to 91% can be displaced by MWW, depending on the biorefinery location. This water requirement corresponds to a total of 25 billion liters of bio‐oil produced if the spatially and temporally available MWW effluent together with 10% of total available freshwater are used. The production of algal bio‐oil is only 14% of estimated production under the assumption that all of the water demand can be fulfilled without any restriction. In addition, if only the spatially and temporally available effluent is used as the sole source of water, the total bio‐oil production is estimated to be 9 billion liters. This study not only quantifies the water demands of the algal bio‐oil, but it also elucidates the importance of taking water sustainability into account in the development of algal bio‐oil. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Constraint‐based strain design using continuous modifications (CosMos) of flux bounds finds new strategies for metabolic engineering
Authors: Cotten Cameron , Reed Jennifer L.
Published: April 2013

In recent years, a growing number of metabolic engineering strain design techniques have employed constraint‐based modeling to determine metabolic and regulatory network changes which are needed to improve chemical production. These methods use systems‐level analysis of metabolism to help guide experimental efforts by identifying deletions, additions, downregulations, and upregulations of metabolic genes that will increase biological production of a desired metabolic product. In this work, we propose a new strain design method with continuous modifications (CosMos) that provides strategies for deletions, downregulations, and upregulations of fluxes that will lead to the production of the desired products. The method is conceptually simple and easy to implement, and can provide additional strategies over current approaches. We found that the method was able to find strain design strategies that required fewer modifications and had larger predicted yields than strategies from previous methods in example and genome‐scale networks. Using CosMos, we identified modification strategies for producing a variety of metabolic products, compared strategies derived from Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolic models, and examined how imperfect implementation may affect experimental outcomes. This study gives a powerful and flexible technique for strain engineering and examines some of the unexpected outcomes that may arise when strategies are implemented experimentally.
Graphene‐Assisted Room‐Temperature Synthesis of 2D Nanostructured Hybrid Electrode Materials: Dramatic Acceleration of the Formation Rate of 2D Metal Oxide Nanoplates Induced by Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets
Authors: Sung Da‐Young , Gunjakar Jayavant L. , Kim Tae Woo , Kim In Young , Lee Yu Ri , Hwang Seong‐Ju
Published: April 2013

A new prompt room temperature synthetic route to 2D nanostructured metal oxide–graphene‐hybrid electrode materials can be developed by the application of colloidal reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets as an efficient reaction accelerator for the synthesis of δ‐MnO2 2D nanoplates. Whereas the synthesis of the 2D nanostructured δ‐MnO2 at room temperature requires treating divalent manganese compounds with persulfate ions for at least 24 h, the addition of RGO nanosheet causes a dramatic shortening of synthesis time to 1 h, underscoring its effectiveness for the promotion of the formation of 2D nanostructured metal oxide. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the accelerated synthesis of 2D nanostructured hybrid material induced by the RGO nanosheets. The observed acceleration of nanoplate formation upon the addition of RGO nanosheets is attributable to the enhancement of the oxidizing power of persulfate ions, the increase of the solubility of precursor MnCO3, and the promoted crystal growth of δ‐MnO2 2D nanoplates. The resulting hybridization between RGO nanosheets and δ‐MnO2 nanoplates is quite powerful not only in increasing the surface area of manganese oxide nanoplate but also in enhancing its electrochemical activity. Of prime importance is that the present δ‐MnO2–RGO nanocomposites show much superior electrode performance over most of 2D nanostructured manganate systems including a similar porous assembly of RGO and layered MnO2 nanosheets. This result underscores that the present RGO‐assisted solution‐based synthesis can provide a prompt and scalable method to produce nanostructured hybrid electrode materials.
The Nature of the UC Double Bond: Pushing the Stability of High‐Oxidation‐State Uranium Carbenes to the Limit
Authors: Cooper Oliver J. , Mills David P. , McMaster Jonathan , Tuna Floriana , McInnes Eric. J. L. , Lewis William , Blake Alexander J. , Liddle Stephen T.
Published: April 2013

Treatment of [K(BIPMMesH)] (BIPMMes={C(PPh2NMes)2}2−; Mes=C6H2‐2,4,6‐Me3) with [UCl4(thf)3] (1 equiv) afforded [U(BIPMMesH)(Cl)3(thf)] (1), which generated [U(BIPMMes)(Cl)2(thf)2] (2), following treatment with benzyl potassium. Attempts to oxidise 2 resulted in intractable mixtures, ligand scrambling to give [U(BIPMMes)2] or the formation of [U(BIPMMesH)(O)2(Cl)(thf)] (3). The complex [U(BIPMDipp)(μ‐Cl)4(Li)2(OEt2)(tmeda)] (4) (BIPMDipp={C(PPh2NDipp)2}2−; Dipp=C6H3‐2,6‐iPr2; tmeda=N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine) was prepared from [Li2(BIPMDipp)(tmeda)] and [UCl4(thf)3] and, following reflux in toluene, could be isolated as [U(BIPMDipp)(Cl)2(thf)2] (5). Treatment of 4 with iodine (0.5 equiv) afforded [U(BIPMDipp)(Cl)2(μ‐Cl)2(Li)(thf)2] (6). Complex 6 resists oxidation, and treating 4 or 5 with N‐oxides gives [{U(BIPMDippH)(O)2‐ (μ‐Cl)2Li(tmeda)] (7) and [{U(BIPMDippH)(O)2(μ‐Cl)}2] (8). Treatment of 4 with tBuOLi (3 equiv) and I2 (1 equiv) gives [U(BIPMDipp)(OtBu)3(I)] (9), which represents an exceptionally rare example of a crystallographically authenticated uranium(VI)–carbon σ bond. Although 9 appears sterically saturated, it decomposes over time to give [U(BIPMDipp)(OtBu)3]. Complex 4 reacts with PhCOtBu and Ph2CO to form [U(BIPMDipp)(μ‐Cl)4(Li)2(tmeda)(OCPhtBu)] (10) and [U(BIPMDipp)(Cl)(μ‐Cl)2(Li)(tmeda)(OCPh2)] (11). In contrast, complex 5 does not react with PhCOtBu and Ph2CO, which we attribute to steric blocking. However, complexes 5 and 6 react with PhCHO to afford (DippNPPh2)2CC(H)Ph (12). Complex 9 does not react with PhCOtBu, Ph2CO or PhCHO; this is attributed to steric blocking. Theoretical calculations have enabled a qualitative bracketing of the extent of covalency in early‐metal carbenes as a function of metal, oxidation state and the number of phosphanyl substituents, revealing modest covalent contributions to UC double bonds.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis and Characterization of LaCa2Fe2GaO8.
Authors: Luo Kun , Hayward Michael A.
Published: April 2013

The title compound is prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of La2O3, SrCO3, Ga2O3, and Fe2O3 (flowing Ar, 1300 °C, 80 h) and characterized by neutron powder diffraction and magnetic measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Magnetic Properties of Ba5Ce1.25Mn3.75O15, a New 10H‐Polytype in the Ba—Ce—Mn—O System.
Authors: Macias Mario A. , Mentre Olivier , Colis Silviu , Cuello Gabriel J. , Gauthier Gilles H.
Published: April 2013

The new title compound is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of BaCO3, MnCO3, and CeO2 (air, 1000—1350 °C, 172 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Polymorph of Potassium Chromate(III), β‐KCrO2, and Reinvestigation of α‐KCrO2.
Authors: Ali Naveed Zafar , Nuss Juergen , Jansen Martin
Published: April 2013

Dark green single crystals of β‐KCrO2 are obtained by further annealing of α‐KCrO2 (Ag crucible, 773 K, 200 h) which is synthesized by the azide/nitrate route from stoichiometric mixtures of KN3, KNO3, and Cr2O3 (Ag crucible, 853 K, 5 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd2+‐Incorporated Perovskite CaPd3M4O12 (M: Ti, V).
Authors: Shiro Kentaro , Yamada Ikuya , Ikeda Naoya , Ohgushi Kenya , Mizumaki Masaichiro , Takahashi Ryoji , Nishiyama Norimasa , Inoue Toru , Irifune Tetsuo
Published: April 2013

Novel A‐site ordered perovskites CaPd3Ti4O12 and CaPd3V4O12 are synthesized (stoichiometric mixture of CaO, PdO, TiO2 or VO2; Au capsule, 15 GPa, 1000°C, 30 min, quenching).
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of a C2‐Symmetric Chiral 1,2‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene Ligand via Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition.
Authors: Mori Fumiya , Noguchi Keiichi , Tanaka Ken
Published: April 2013

A novel ligand is prepared and tested in rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation reactions of alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Decyanation of Inert Carbon—Cyano Bonds.
Authors: Patra Tuhin , Agasti Soumitra , Akanksha Akanksha , Mati Debabrata
Published: April 2013

A general protocol for the Ni‐catalyzed decyanation of aryl, alkyl, and benzyl nitriles using 1,1,3,3‐tetramethyldisiloxane as a hydride source is elaborated.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective O‐Nitrosocarbonyl Aldol Reaction of β‐Dicarbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Baidya Mahiuddin , Griffin Kimberly A. , Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: April 2013

The synthetic value of this protocol is demonstrated by preparation of the antibacterial (S)‐kjellmanianone (XVI).
ChemInform Abstract: AgOTf Catalyzed Hydration of Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Das Rima , Chakraborty Debashis
Published: April 2013

This is the first report of gold‐free silver catalysis for hydration of terminal alkynes to the Markovnikov addition product.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Trifluoromethylation of Aromatic Aldehydes by Cooperative Catalysis with (IPr)CuF and Quinidine‐Derived Quaternary Ammonium Salt.
Authors: Wu Shaoxiang , Zeng Wei , Wang Qi , Chen Fu‐Xue
Published: April 2013

Enhanced catalytic activity and higher enantioselectivities, compared to the previously published methods, arise from the in situ generation of active [(IPr)CuCF3] species.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Catalyst‐Free Synthesis of β‐ and γ‐Hydroxy Sulfides Using Diaryliodonium Salts and Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Vaddula Buchi Reddy , Varma Rajender S. , Leazer John
Published: April 2013

This reaction has a high regioselectivity for the substitution of the primary hydroxy group.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—N Cross‐Coupling of N′‐Monosubstituted Sulfondiimines with Aryl Bromides.
Authors: Candy Mathieu , Bohmann Rebekka Anna , Bolm Carsten
Published: April 2013

The present general method for the N‐arylation of sulfondiimines with aryl bromides provides access to novel functionalized N,N′‐disubstituted products.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Protocol for the Hiyama Cross‐Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by Palladium on Carbon.
Authors: Monguchi Yasunari , Yanase Takayoshi , Mori Shigeki , Sajiki Hironao
Published: April 2013

Optimized reaction conditions including Pd‐C as the catalyst and water as a promotor are developed for the Hiyama cross‐coupling reaction of aryl halides with arylsilanes to synthesize biaryls (III) (21 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective C—N Bond Formation Through C—H Azolation of Indoles Promoted by Iodine in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wu Wen‐Bin , Huang Jing‐Mei
Published: April 2013

This is a mild and highly selective method for the azolation of indole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Broensted Acid Catalyzed Cycloadditions — Efficient Enantioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolidines, Pyrazolines, and 1,3‐Diamines from N‐Acyl Hydrazones and Alkenes.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Maji Modhu Sudan , Kuecuek Hatice Baspinar , Atodiresei Iuliana
Published: April 2013

Chiral pyrazolines and their derivatives are a common motif in biologically active compounds.