bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Postsecondary Attitudes Toward Persons with Disabilities: A Comparison of College Students With and Without Disabilities
Authors: Upton Thomas D. , Harper Dennis C. , Wadsworth John
Published: June 2019

This study compared disability knowledge, frequency and intensity of contact, and multidimensional and disability-specific attitudes of 923 college students with (n = 71) and without (n = 852) disabilities at a large Midwestern university. Data indicated participants with disabilities rated themselves as having more extensive disability knowledge and greater frequency and intensity of disability contact as compared to participants without disabilities. Furthermore, scenario date suggested (a) participants with disabilities perceived the subjects of the scenarios as more deserving of college educational accommodation than did their peers without disabilities, (b) both groups of participants chose subjects of scenarios with more obvious educational limitations as deserving of accommodation more frequently than they chose subjects with less obvious limitations, and (c) out of 10 types of educational accommodation, all participants selected similar accommodations across the 12 presented disabilities. Study implications for rehabilitation counselors and future research are suggested.
Managing Disclosure of Psychiatric Disabilities to Employers
Authors: MacDonald-Wilson Kim L.
Published: June 2019

Deciding about disclosure of psychiatric disabilities to an employer is an issue with multiple facets and is regarded as a topic in rehabilitation with few accepted simple answers. Much of the published literature related to disclosure describes the legal guidelines governing disclosure, dilemmas regarding the disclosure decision, and personal accounts regarding telling an employer or keeping this information secret. The few studies published on disclosure are primarily qualitative in nature, describing issues, experiences, or benefits and risks for people with psychiatric disabilities. Although a handful contains quantitative data about disclosure within a larger study on accommodations or supported employment, little information is provided on the process of disclosure. This article examines the benefits, risks, and other factors to consider in making the disclosure decision, reviews the guidelines in the literature about the disclosure process, and proposes practical guidelines to decide about disclosure and to successfully accomplish disclosure of psychiatric disabilities in the workplace.
Psychiatric Rehabilitation: A Means of De-stigmatizing Severe Mental Illness
Authors: Garske Gregory G. , McReynolds Connie J.
Published: June 2019

Many individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) have a unique set of disabilities that interfere with their life goals. In addition, many of these people must also deal with another obstacle, the stigma associated with mental illness. The purpose of this paper is to address how this population has been stigmatized, both externally and internally. The focus will then be turned to psychiatric rehabilitation, an effective means of de-stigmatizing the lives of people with SMI.
Rehabilitation Counselors' Attitudes Toward Harm Reduction Measures
Authors: Havranek Joseph E. , Stewart Jay R.
Published: June 2019

A set of issues which rehabilitation and other counselors must evaluate in their attitudes toward treatment modalities has to do with chemical use/abuse as it relates to counselor attitudes toward treatment and measures identified as “harm reduction”. Two measures of harm reduction which had been adopted primarily in Europe, and are now being used in communities in the United States, are needle exchange and methadone treatment. In order to examine rehabilitation counselors' attitudes toward these measures, a brief confidential survey was mailed to each member of the Ohio Rehabilitation Association about their attitudes toward such measures, as well as demographic information about the respondents. This information was then examined to provide the statistical data examined, which in turn resulted in the conclusions and recommendations to the study.
Operationalizing the Concept of Empowerment During the Vocational Assessment Process
Authors: Power Paul W.
Published: June 2019

The empowerment concept has gained more attention over the past decade. How this concept can be implemented in selected phases of the vocational assessment process is discussed. The highlighted phases are the interview, involvement in other assessment approaches, interpretation of results, and rehabilitation planning. Particular emphasis is given to the interview, and suggestions are provided on how to utilize this approach to enhance consumer empowerment.
Age, Work, and Disability: Rehabilitation at the End of the Worklife
Authors: Barros-Bailey Mary , Fischer Jerome , Saunders Jodi L.
Published: June 2019

Older workers engaging in vocational rehabilitation services have received little attention in the vocational rehabilitation literature. However, older workers are the fastest growing sector of the United States labor market and they are predicted to become a greater proportion of vocational rehabilitation caseloads as they remain in the worliforce longer, or increasingly enter or re-enter the labor market. Research indicates that as people age, the probability of acquiring a disability increases dramatically. Regardless of when or how someone acquired a disability, understanding the elements particular to the rehabilitation counseling of older workers with disabilities is important. This paper explores the various demographics, issues, trends, and elements rehabilitation counselors could consider in working with older Americans with disabilities. Rehabilitation counselors need to become aware of these issues with older workers and retool in order to service this sector of the population more efficiently. Implications for the rehabilitation counseling practitioner and service delivery options are also presented.
Job Burnout Among Public Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Templeton Mary Cates , Satcher Jamie
Published: June 2019

Job burnout among public rehabilitation counselors was explored using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), which measures three components of burnout: (a) emotional exhaustion, (b) depersonalization, and (c) personal accomplishment. Using multiple regression analyses, perceived administrative support was predictive (p < .001) of both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Having clearly defined work procedures was predictive (p < .05) of personal accomplishment. Using a 2 (gender) X 2 (race) X 2 (certification status) X 2 (agency location) X 2 (work setting) X 3 (type of degree) X 2 (partnered status) MANOVA. White counselors were found to have higher levels (p < .05) of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization than African American counselors.
U.S. – Brazil Student Exchange Program: Perspectives of Brazilian Professors
Authors: da Costa Valdelúcia Alves , Hübner Maria Martha Costa , Buchalla Cássia Maria , Rodrigues Paulo dos Santos , Ventura Dora Fix
Published: June 2019

This article discusses the perspectives of the Brazilian professors who are participating in the Consortia para a Liderança Futura e Recursos Humanos para o Suporte à Inclusão Social de Pessoas com Necessidades Especiais. Ongoing activities to conduct the Consortia's student exchange at the Universidade Federal Fluminense and Universidade de São Paulo are described. Information about the impact of the Consortia and its continuing challenges in Brazil is presented. Commentary on the Consortia's implications for international rehabilitation counseling and education is also provided.
Managing Occupational Stress: A Challenge for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Garske Gregory G.
Published: June 2019

Occupational burnout is considered endemic to human service professionals, including those who work as rehabilitation counselors. Generally identified as a reaction to ongoing stress, burnout can be defined as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced accomplishment which can occur among individuals who do “people work” of some kind. The burned out human service provider is prone to health problems, psychological impairment, loss of self-esteem, and a growing dissatisfaction with the job. The focus of this paper will be on human service related occupational stress, along with individual and organizational strategies and renewal. One of the guiding principles of preventative stress management is that individuals, along with organizations are responsible for health and well-being. In rehabilitation, the quality of the counselor-client interaction and service may well depend on the service provider's level of job satisfaction and well-being.
The Effects of Participant and Service Characteristics on the Employment Outcomes of RSA Consumers with Visual Impairments: A Follow-up on Agency-Type
Authors: Estrada-Hernández Noel
Published: June 2019

As a follow up to previous studies, this article explores the role of personal and service characteristics and Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) agency type on the attainment of employment outcomes of persons with visual impairments. Results of the stepwise regression analysis indicated that the variables of age, education, and gender best predicted the employment outcomes of these consumers with visual impairments. Although statistically significant, agency type did not affect the income of VR consumers with visual impairments. Results suggested that agencies exclusively for persons with visual impairments have similar rates of success as general VR agencies.
The Relationship between Substance Use Disorders and Unsuccessful Case Closures in Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies
Authors: Hollar David
Published: June 2019

Vocational rehabilitation (VR) services can be challenging for certain persons with disabilities, particularly persons with mental illness, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and substance use disorders (SUD). This study focused on successful (status 26) and unsuccessful (status 28) closures contained in the Longitudinal Study of the Vocational Rehabilitation Services Programs (LSVRSP). Individuals with ADHD, mental illness, physical disabilities, SUD, and learning disabilities had the lowest successful closure rates (43.2%, 45.5%, 50.6%, 51.3%, and 51.4%, respectively). Consumers reported a need for additional services, lack of job availability, family problems, discrimination, and transportation issues as leading reasons for unsuccessful closure. The results indicate a need for more comprehensive services directed towards persons with behavioral disabilities.
An Exploratory Investigation of Rehabilitation Counselors' Perceived Readiness to Undertake Substance Use Disorder Screening in Vocational Rehabilitation
Authors: Glenn Margaret K. , Keferl Joseph
Published: June 2019

Screening for problems related to substance use occurs routinely in many systems of care and human services. However, at present, there is no universally accepted process for performing such a screening in the state-federal vocational rehabilitation system. This exploratory study analyzes data obtained from rehabilitation counselors participating in a substance use disorder screening implementation initiative. The responses provide preliminary information regarding rehabilitation counselors' perceived readiness to undertake such an initiative and potential barriers to its successful implementation.
The Relationship Between Substance Use Disorders and Unsuccessful Case Closures in Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies
Authors: Hollar David , McAweeney Mary , Moore Dennis
Published: June 2019

Vocational rehabilitation (VR) services can be challenging for certain persons with disabilities, particularly persons with mental illness, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and substance use disorders (SUD). This study focused on successful (status 26) and unsuccessful (status 28) closures contained in the Longitudinal Study of the Vocational Rehabilitation Services Programs (LSVRSP). Individuals with ADHD, mental illness, physical disabilities, SUD, and learning disabilities had the lowest successful closure rates (43.2%, 45.5%, 50.6%, 51.3%, and 51. 4%, respectively). Consumers reported a need for additional services, lack of job availability, family problems, discrimination, and transportation issues as leading reasons for unsuccessful closure. The results indicate a need for more comprehensive services directed towards persons with behavioral disabilities.
Judgment Deferred: Reappraisal of Rehabilitation Counseling Movement Toward Licensure Parity
Authors: Tarvydas Vilia M. , Leahy Michael J. , Zanskas Stephen A.
Published: June 2019

Fifteen years have passed since an analysis of the position of rehabilitation counselors in the national counselor licensure movement by Tarvydas and Leahy. This article addresses the question of how well their efforts to achieve licensure parity with other counselors have fared. This question will be addressed by discussing (a) rehabilitation counseling developments that have influenced licensure progress, (b) shifts in the nature of professionalization and efforts toward rehabilitation counseling parity, and (c) counselor licensure trends and rehabilitation counseling status within them. Specific recommendations are provided that would assist the field of rehabilitation counseling in meeting the urgent challenges that confront them in consolidating its position in the maturing counselor licensure movement before it is further disadvantaged.
Rehabilitation Counselor Education Accreditation: History, Structure, and Evolution
Authors: Shaw Linda R. , Kuehn Marvin D.
Published: June 2019

This review examines some of the critical factors that influenced the evolution of rehabilitation counselor education accreditation. The article discusses the history and structure of the accreditation process and the activities that have occurred to maintain the relevancy and viability of the process. Major issues that the Council on Rehabilitation Education (CORE) has addressed in recent years are highlighted and examples are provided to illustrate the scope and importance of the accreditation process. Commentary is included to help the reader understand the issues that CORE will be addressing and the directions that may become priorities in the future.
Professional Identity and the Future of Rehabilitation Counseling
Authors: Patterson Jeanne B.
Published: June 2019

This article describes a vision of rehabilitation counseling, wherein both the profession of rehabilitation counseling and the diverse roles of rehabilitation counselors are recognized and valued by rehabilitation counselors, the general public, and other professionals in promoting social justice and equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities. Using parallels with psychology, this article describes opportunities and challenges related to the visibility and centrality of rehabilitation counseling in society. Marketing is a key element in moving rehabilitation counseling from a fringe activity to a central, well-known profession. Recommendations to make rehabilitation counseling central to society include rehabilitation professional associations and other constituencies (a) working together to market the profession, which can capitalize on the ever-expanding number of career opportunities for rehabilitation counselors and (b) leveraging resources for the common good while respecting our differences.
Behavior Modification in Rehabilitation Facilities: a Review
Authors: Couch Robert H. , Allen Conrad M.
Published: June 2019

Application of behavior modification procedures within a variety of rehabilitation facility settings are reviewed. The review indicates the efficacy of the approach for facility adjustment service programs. The authors caution against hastily conceived behavior modification programs and offer suggestions for attaining basic minimal skills for successful implementation of behavior modification within rehabilitation settings. The 45 cited references may prove helpful to those contemplating a facility based behavior modification program.
Rehabilitation Workshops: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
Authors: Hutchison Jack
Published: June 2019

The function of sheltered workshops is changing once more, toward extended employment side-by-side with rehabilitation services. Financing facilities and providing enough of them will continue to be a problem. Congress and the Department of Labor are scrutinizing workshops for their effectiveness. Future effectiveness of workshops depends in large part on the cooperation that can be achieved between workshops and State agencies. Suggestions are offered for improving workshop-agency cooperation, with a discussion of the guidelines developed by the Council of State Administrators.
The Disabled in the Labor Market
Authors: Olshansky Simon
Published: June 2019

Persons with disabilities enter and progress in the labor market much as do other minority group members. However, some have not only to cope with the discriminatory practices of employers but also with problems of self-management which stem directly from their disability. Employers tend to hire the best persons available. They view job applicants as risk carriers, and feel little moral responsibility for their employment. In large measure they are quite satisfied with their hiring policies and practices. Finally, for some disabled persons there may exist a conflict between social and self acceptance because of the social pressure to become what they cannot become non-disabled.
NRCA-AMVETS Auxiliary Scholarship Winners for 1973
Authors: Tester Albert , Morgan John B.
Published: June 2019

The National Rehabilitation Counseling Association and the American Veterans of World War II Auxiliary have established national $1,000 and $500 cash scholarships to be awarded to students enrolled full time in Graduate Rehabilitation Counseling Programs. An annual search for wtnners is conducted through state, regional, and national competition. The winner of the top national NRCA-AMVETS Scholarship is the guest of both the AMVETS Auxiliary and NRCA at their annual meetings for the presentation of the scholarship.

Each contestant must submit a brief essay which serves as one facet of the judging criteria along with scholastic and faculty evaluation criterion. The Journal is pleased to print the essays of the first and second place winners.
A Content Analysis of Common Concerns of Persons with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Marini Irmo , Bhakta Madhuri V. , Graf Noreen
Published: June 2019

A content analysis was conducted of letters to the editor of two physical disability-related magazines: New Mobility and Paraplegia News. Over 160 letters to the editor published from February 2001 through March 2007 were reviewed. Results indicated that despite the over 18 year old Americans with Disabilities Act, the most frequently categorized issue addressed in the letters pertained to accessibility. Adaptive aid equipment was the second most frequently cited issue, with contributors inquiring or providing information regarding low- and high-end cost adaptive aids/assistive technology. The third most frequent concern was health issues, with letter writers inquiring or providing information about treating secondary conditions for persons with physical disabilities. The implications for these and other related concerns for persons with physical disabilities are explored. Recommendations to rehabilitation counselors for engaging in advocacy efforts are provided.
Psychosocial Characteristics of Twice-exceptional Individuals: Implications for Rehabilitation Practice
Authors: Wood Susannah , Estrada-Hernández Noel
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this article is to discuss the unique personal and psychosocial characteristics of twice-exceptional individuals (a person who has a disability and is regarded as gifted or talented). This article focuses on the description of those characteristics which relate to psychosocial adaptation and attitudes toward disabilities and giftedness. Emphasis is placed on rehabilitation professionals' awareness and knowledge of such characteristics. This knowledge is needed to skillfully develop tailored interventions that will lead into positive education, counseling, or employment outcomes for these individuals. Implications for rehabilitation education, practice, and research are also discussed.
Employment Outcome Rates of African American Versus White Consumers of Vocational Rehabilitation Services: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Moore Corey L. , Ferrin James Micheal , Haysbert Nineveh , Brown Sharon , Cooper Paul , Diebel Jerry , Washington Andre , Sassin John , Manyibe Edward , Azadian Marnie , Cantrell Chyrle
Published: June 2019

This research examined the relationship between race/ethnicity and rehabilitation outcomes as measured by closure status for VR consumers across two different target populations: persons with mental retardation and those who are deaf/hard-of-hearing. The researchers employed a meta-analysis to test the association between the predictor and criterion variables using select Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA-911) driven studies. Data analyzed represent consumer case file information collected during the fiscal years of 1995-1996 through 1997-1998, the time period following passage of the 1992 Rehabilitation Act Amendments and implementation of the resulting Rehabilitation Cultural Diversity Initiative. The meta-analysis identified a significant relationship between race/ethnicity and closure status for each target population. African Americans with hearing loss and those with mental retardation were significantly less likely to achieve closure success when compared to Whites with respective disabilities. These findings and several implications for practice/service and disability policy are discussed.
Predicting Employment Outcomes of Individuals with Disabilities: Attitudes and Perceived Barriers to Work
Authors: Martz Erin , Schiro-Geist Chrisann , Broadbent Emer D. , Crandall Lee A.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine whether perceived physical, financial, and psychological barriers (e.g., negative attitudes about returning to work), demographic, social-support, and work-related variables predicted successful rehabilitation among clients exiting a state-federal vocational rehabilitation (VR) system. A logistic regression was conducted with successful employment as the outcome. Participants' age, employers' participation in a Tax Break program, and having Medicaid at application were significant predictors of successful rehabilitation in the full model, while the first two variables (i.e., age and employers' participation in a work incentive) were significant predictors in the trimmed model. These findings are briefly discussed in terms of rehabilitation implications and directions for future research.
Motivational Interviewing and Vocational Rehabilitation: A Review with Recommendations for Administrators and Counselors
Authors: Manthey Trevor , Jackson Casey , Evans-Brown Peg
Published: June 2019

This article reviews research which supports the use of Motivational Interviewing (MI) as an evidence-based practice (EBP) within vocational rehabilitation (VR). A large body of data indicates that motivation is an important element in returning to work, and initial studies using MI in the employment field are encouraging. Vocational rehabilitation counseling shares foundational principles with MI, suggesting that MI may fit well within the VR context. This article contains application suggestions for both VR administrators and counselors. An illustration of how MI could be used in the VR field is provided, and unique challenges for the application of MI within the VR context are discussed.
Veterans, Military Sexual Trauma and PTSD: Rehabilitation Planning Implications
Authors: Cater Janet K. , Leach Jerry
Published: June 2019

Military sexual trauma (MST) can cause mental and physical illness in both men and women. It can also influence behavior and the ability to work with others. MST encompasses a range of unwanted sexual attentions ranging from gender harassment to sexual coercion and gang rape. Sexual assaults in the military continue to rise with an 11% increase reported for fiscal year 2009, including a 16% rise in the Afghanistan and Iraq war zones. This paper includes (a) a brief overview of MST; (b) how MST affects female veterans; (c) how MST affects male veterans; (d) the interrelationship of MST, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other mental health problems; (e) MST and its effect on quality of life; (j) current effective MST therapeutic treatments; and (g) rehabilitation considerations.
Assessment, Treatment, and Vocational Implications of Combat Related PTSD in Veterans
Authors: Salisbury Aaron Gray , Burker Eileen J.
Published: June 2019

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a potentially disabling condition among combat veterans. Often misunderstood, misdiagnosed, stigmatized, and improperly treated, veterans do not know where to seek appropriate services. The prevalence of combat related PTSD is reviewed. The symptoms of PTSD are described, common assessment measures are presented, treatment modalities are discussed, and vocational implications are described. Suggestions are made for rehabilitation counselors to be able to work within multidisciplinary teams to treat veterans with PTSD and to better accommodate veterans' readjustment to noncombatant life.
Gender, Culture, and Attitudes Toward People with Psychiatric Disabilities
Authors: Hampton Nan Zhang , Zhu Yanan
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of gender and culture on attitudes toward people with psychiatric disabilities (PWPD). Two hundred and forty university students from Asian, Latino, and European American cultural backgrounds participated in the study. The Opinions about Mental Illness scale was used to measure attitudes, and the Level of Contact Scale was used to measure the covariant – contact with PWPD. A 2 (gender) x 3 (culture) MANCOVA was performed. Results indicated that female students in all three ethnic groups had more positive attitudes toward PWPD than did male students. Of the three ethnic cultural groups, European American students had the most positive view of PWPD, and Latino American students had the least positive view of PWPD. Implications of the results for rehabilitation counselors and researchers are discussed.
Less-Educated Workers in a Skills-Based Economy: Can the Gap be Bridged?
Authors: Hankins A. Bentley
Published: June 2019

With our national discourse focused on the lingering joblessness caused by the Great Recession, there is much debate as to whether our economic recovery is being hindered by cyclical or structural unemployment. The general consensus is that cyclicalfactors are the primary determinants of our labor surplus. However, many are concerned that structural factors, such as skills mismatches, are also contributing to our stagnant economy. Either way, it appears that less-educated workers have been the hardest hit by our economic downturn. Though disconcerting, this is not surprising as less-educated workers often lack the adaptability necessary to make a successful work adjustment. In this article, the predicament less-educated workers are currently facing is examined from a person-environment correspondence perspective. The increased importance of possessing adaptive and functional skills in an unstable labor market is also discussed. Finally, policy proposals for rehabilitation leaders and practice recommendations for rehabilitation counselors are presented.
Weight Loss Surgery Among Obese Women: Employment Expectations and Outcomes
Authors: Correra Adriana , Valdez Cynthia , Graf Noreen M.
Published: June 2019

This study utilized the Weight Loss Surgery and Work Expectations (WLSWE) questionnaire to examine the pre surgery expectations and post surgery outcomes for 80 women following WLS surgery. In comparing pre and post WLS expectations and results, improvement was found in increased confidence and relationships at work. Using paired samples t-tests, results demonstrated that women who had WLS reported improvement in ease of getting hired, work performance, work motivation, work discrimination by others, social activities with coworkers, ease of promotion, and completing physical work tasks.
Use of Evidence-based Practice in Rehabilitation Counseling: Facilitating Recovery and Community Integration for Persons with Schizophrenia
Authors: Carpenter Vickie R. , Bemacchio Charles , Burker Eileen J.
Published: June 2019

Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric disorder that affects 1% of the population worldwide. Symptoms of schizophrenia can add to or take away from a person's normal range of behavior, may cause permanent cognitive impairments, and may vary greatly from one individual to another. The course of the illness is variable, precluding an accurate summary of long-term outcomes. However, many professionals still deny that stability and remission are possible. Providing hope of recovery is at the core of rehabilitation counseling. Every client with schizophrenia should be instilled with hope that he or she may become stable or experience complete remission. Through empirical research, multiple pharmacological and psychosocial evidence-based treatments have emerge for people with schizophrenia. Better clinical and vocational outcomes are associated with the use of these treatments. This paper offers a thorough explanation of schizophrenia and provides rehabilitation counselors with information about the best evidence-based practices to use when working with clients who have schizophrenia.
Family Systems Changes Following Traumatic Brain Injury: Adult Sibling Perspectives
Authors: Degeneffe Charles Edmund , Gagne Lynn M. , Tucker Mark
Published: June 2019

The purpose of the present study was to gain an understanding of family outcome, adjustment, and needs following traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the perspectives of adult siblings. An American sample of 277 adult siblings of persons with TBI responded to the question, “What impact has your sibling's TBI had on your family (e.g., parents, other siblings, etc.)”? Responses were analyzed through constant comparative textual analysis. Responses were grouped into four themes including a) the consequences of providing care, b) family system impacts, c) evolved attitudes and beliefs, and d) how families provide care. From the perspective of adult siblings, TBI presents outcomes which both strengthen and compromise family systems. The uniqueness of the sibling bond reveals information about family systems not accessible through other relationships.
Factors Affecting Vocational Rehabilitation Service Use among Latino Men with HIV/AIDS: A National Perspective
Authors: Datti Paul A. , Conyers Liza M. , Boomer K. B.
Published: June 2019

Latino men are an ethnically and racially diverse group who are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and unemployment. State vocational rehabilitation (VR) services represent viable service options for many people living with HIV/AIDS; however, little is known about factors that predict use of these services by Latinos. This study examines predictors of VR use among a national sample of Latino men with HIV/AIDS (n = 311) who completed the National Working Positive Coalition - Vocational Development and Employment Needs Survey. Using the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations as framework, key predictor variables were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Receipt of public benefits (p < .001) and knowledge of VR (p < .001) increased odds of VR use. As confidence in ability to maintain a job (p < .05) and general health perception (p < .05) increased, so did odds of VR use. Study limitations, practical implications, and future research recommendations are included.
Conceptualizing the Use of Cognitive Interventions Among Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Who Experience Depression
Authors: Diallo Abdoulaye , Saladin Shawn P. , Groomes Darlene A.G , Fischer Jerome , Hansmann Sandra
Published: June 2019

Depression can affect the lives of all persons and can have especially profound implications on those with cognitive limitations; however, depression need not be an insurmountable roadblock to employment for persons with intellectual disabilities. Cognitive interventions - such as life story approach, socio-cognitive, and rational emotive behavior therapy-can be effective for litigating problems with depression among those with cognitive limitation including employment-related barriers due to depression. This article reviews how counselors can use cognitive interventions' behavioral and cognitive components to assist those with intellectual disabilities with depression
Compassion & Self-compassion: Exploration of Utility as Potential Components of the Rehabilitation Counseling Profession
Authors: Stuntzner Susan
Published: June 2019

Compassion and self-compassion are two constructs emerging within the research as useful agents in reducing negative thoughts, feelings, and outcomes while also promoting positive ones. To date, these constructs have not been studied or applied to the rehabilitation counseling profession or the needs ofindividuals with disabilities. In an effort to bridge this gap and to enhance rehabilitation counseling professionals' awareness of their potential value, an in-depth review of the literature and research on these two constructs was conducted. Throughout this article, compassion and self-compassion are more clearly conceptualized and barriers which may hinder their development are discussed. A review of empirical research is provided to help demonstrate their usefulness as potential healing agents in the lives of individuals with disabilities. Recommendations are proved to rehabilitation counseling professionals who work with persons with disabilities.
New Immigrating Racial and Ethnic Populations and “Trends Impacts” on State Vocational Rehabilitation Agencies
Authors: Cross Kenyotta Eugene , Moore Corey L. , Manyibe Edward O. , Aref Fariborz , Washington Andre L. , Umadjela Ahondju , Sanders Perry R. , Payma Hossein Sarjeh , Pandey Jyoti , Cyprian Dionna
Published: June 2019

Current migration trends and projections indicate that the United States (U.S.) population continues to increase and diversify. Consequently, the numbers of new citizens and legalized permanent residents with disabilities from traditionally underserved racial and ethnic populations are expected to grow at an accelerated rate—roughly 1 million new citizens and legal permanent residents annually. These unceasing migration patterns raise concerns about the capacity of state vocational rehabilitation agencies (SVRAs) across the U.S. to effectively respond to this growing crisis. There exists a serious need to forecast these trends' impacts on SVRA systems capacity to serve persons with disabilities from these new and emerging racial and ethnic populations and communities. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the available peer reviewed literature and policy on multicultural migration trends and select SVRA systems forecast implications. A set of recommended approaches are presented that can be used to inform, guide, and forge future research directions.
Depressive Disorder Symptoms and Unemployment Among Individuals with Disabilities: Analysis of the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Authors: Mugoya George C. T.
Published: June 2019

The relationship between unemployment and poor health outcomes, such as depression, is well documented. Numerous studies show that levels of unemployment and depressive disorders are disproportionately high among individuals with disabilities compared to those without disabilities. However, very little has been done to examine the association between employment and depressive disorder symptoms among individuals with disabilities. The present study, evaluates the association between depressive disorder symptoms and unemployment taking onto account gender and ethnicity among working age individuals with disabilities in the general population. The study utilizes data from the 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results showed that unemployment among individuals with disabilities is not only high, but there were significant gender and ethnic differences. Significant gender and ethnic differences were also found in reports of depressive disorder symptoms. After adjustments for potential confounders were made, unemployment was significantly predictor of depressive disorder symptoms for women from all ethnicities. While among men unemployment significantly predicted depressive disorders among White and Black men. There is need for effective and targeted public policy programs to increase employment outcomes for individuals with disabilities especially minorities and women. Vocational rehabilitation counselors need to assess individuals with disabilities for depressive disorder symptoms and offer appropriate treatment/referral where necessary.
Assessing Faculty Attitudes toward Universal Design Instructional Techniques
Authors: Dallas Bryan K. , Sprong Matthew E.
Published: June 2019

Rehabilitation counselors (RCs) routinely work in postsecondary settings serving students with disabilities and interact with campus faculty, staff, and/or administrators on behalf of students they serve. The purpose of the study was to utilize the Inclusive Teaching Strategies Inventory (ITSI) to measure faculty attitudes towards inclusive teaching strategies. The ITSI survey includes items related to traditional academic accommodations, but also includes items related to Universal Design (UD) instructional techniques. The survey was sent electronically to 1,621 faculty at a Midwestern research University and 397 faculty members participated. Results of the study validate findings from previous research on faculty attitudes and concluded that factors such as previous disability-related training and having taught students with disabilities, influenced attitudes toward accommodations and UD instructional concepts. Faculty age and years of teaching experience were not factors associated with attitudes as measured by the ITSI. RCs employed in postsecondary settings may use the results of this study as a guide when interacting or training faculty regarding accommodations or UD instructional techniques. RCs may also consider administering the ITSI to specific faculty populations on their respective campuses as a precursor to training. Implications for RCs employed in postsecondary settings are provided.
Clinical Supervisors' Perceptions of Counselor Characteristics Associated with Effective and Well-Balanced Practices
Authors: Glenn Margaret , Leppma Monica , Thorne Kendra
Published: June 2019

Counselors are expected to have certain personal attributes and professional skills to be effective in their work. Personal wellness is viewed as a significant contributor to counselor effectiveness and is included in the expectations of instructors, advisors, supervisors, and employers. The purpose of the present study was to identify characteristics of effective and well-balanced counselors by directly engaging those who have provided clinical supervision to this population. Twenty-seven counseling supervisors (encompassing rehabilitation, school, addictions, and mental health specialty areas) brainstormed 71 elements in response to the following question: What are the characteristics of a counselor in your field who is effective and well-balanced? These were condensed to 37 elements, and supervisors then categorized them into four categories: Counseling Skills, Solution Focused, Personal Characteristics, and Taking Care of Self. The academic research team independently sorted these clusters into four categories: Counseling Skills, Organization and Management Skills, Personal Characteristics, and Well-being. Comparisons of the products created by the two groups revealed a difference in perceptions in the arena of Personal Characteristics. The academic team was more likely to use the Personal Characteristics category than the field supervisors. Implications for counselor education and supervision regarding the conceptualization of skills vs. traits are discussed.
Emerging Adults with Disabilities: Theory, Trends, and Implications
Authors: Meyer Jill M. , Hinton Vanessa M. , Derzis Nicholas
Published: June 2019

Emerging adulthood, a relatively new and promising developmental period coined by Arnett (2000), has come to the forefront of the developmental psychology literature. Emerging adulthood is defined as the developmental period between late adolescence and young adulthood that includes individuals between 18-29 years old. As a developmental period, emerging adulthood applies to all individuals, including those with disabilities. Although there have been numerous studies on youth with disabilities, this population has not been studied from the vantage point of Arnett's concept of “emerging adulthood.” The purpose of this manuscript is to explore the primary theoretical constructs of emerging adulthood: (a) self-exploration (e.g., identity development); (b) uncertainty; (c) self-focus; (d) transition; and (e) optimism, as well as the social trends and implications. Emerging adulthood provides insight that has implications for the educational and rehabilitation services for young adults, including transition services.
Paving Access for Veterans Employment through Holistic Transition: Practice Implications when Working with Veterans
Authors: Gillums Sherman
Published: June 2019

No single cause can be linked to the high rates of veteran unemployment in the U.S. today. Despite efforts on the part of corporations, the social sector, and government to boost veteran hiring, the problem persists. Research has shown the effectiveness of holistic “disability-based” intervention in opening sustainable employment opportunities for persons with severe disabilities. Based on studies that suggest “veteran status” and the unique issues it imports for today's transitioning service members, it can become a barrier to employment. This finding supports the notion of a “veteran-based” intervention approach for veterans who are not disabled but face challenges that require intensive intervention and sustained engagement. A new, more holistic approach must address veteran-specific barriers to employment in order to deliver services that lead to a reduction in veteran unemployment.
Employment of Latinos with Disabilities: The Impact on Academic/Work Self-Concept
Authors: Becton Alicia B. , Fischer Jerome , Ysasi Noel A. , Diallo Abdoulaye , Castillo Yuleinys A.
Published: June 2019

As the projected growth of Latinos in the United States is substantially high and unemployment rates significantly low, the need exists for rehabilitation professionals to be aware of factors affecting successful employment outcomes. Subsequently, self-concept has been considered a contributing factor affecting employment outcomes, although varying results exist. In view of job placement services often provided through vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies and/or community rehabilitation programs (CRP), this study investigated the relationship of various self-concept variables and academic/work concept as measured by the Tennessee Self Concept Scale 2 (TSCS2) with job placement practice. Results indicated significant relationships among Identity and Satisfaction, and Academic/Work self-concept. In addition, Family, Physical, and Identity self-concepts were positively correlated with number of days in job placement services prior to employment. Implications for rehabilitation professionals, and future research are discussed.
Stewardship, the Accreditation Merger, and Opportunities for Growth
Authors: Zanskas Steve
Published: June 2019

The CORE/CACREP merger has occurred. Rehabilitation counselors and rehabilitation counseling educators now have a choice of how they proceed. In this essay I promote embracing the change and following a path that requires leadership, stewardship, and vision. In my opinion the merger presents rehabilitation counseling educators and practitioners with an opportunity to participate and craft the evolution of our profession.
Rehabilitation Counseling: Emerging Opportunities in the 21st Century
Authors: Wehman Paul
Published: June 2019

The skillset required to be an effective rehabilitation counselor has become increasingly more complex in previous decades. To meet this demand, rehabilitation counselors (RCs) must establish requisite skills for translating empirically-based methods into clinical application. In the 21st century, there are several specific topic areas in which rehabilitation counselors should be adept. These include the use of a dual customer approach, provision of culturally responsive services to minority populations, provision of services for individuals with severe physical disabilities, familiarity with pertinent legislation at the state and federal level, and an understanding of emerging technology that can assist individuals with disabilities in the workplace. Competency in these areas must come from fieldwork or other applied opportunities, in addition to postsecondary coursework. This article will provide an in-depth look at each topic area.
The Use of Employment/Vocational Rehabilitation Services for Persons with HIV/AIDS and Substance Abuse: A potential Health Benefit
Authors: Diallo Abdoulaye , Vang Chia , Rivas Belinda , Aguirre Antonio , Flowers Carl , Kwan Ngai
Published: June 2019

This study investigates Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) services related to competitive employment closure among non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), and Hispanics with HIV/AIDS and substance use disorder (SUD). Data of 4150 was extracted from the Rehabilitation Services Administration (RSA-911) database. Descriptive statistics and multi-variate analysis showed consumers who received SSI and Medicare were less likely to be employed than those who did not, and, NHW who received rehabilitation counseling and guidance benefited the most compared to NHB who did not. Rehabilitation counselors can assist minorities with HIV/AIDS and SUD secure employment given the positive effects of employment for this population. Health professionals should consider incorporating employment, using VR services in their treatment strategies, while making sure clients with different racial ethnicity background benefit equally from all VR services.
National Survey of State Vocational Rehabilitation Agency and Veterans Affairs Interagency Collaborations: An Emerging Conceptual Framework for Co-Serving Veterans of Color with Disabilities
Authors: Johnson Jean E. , Moore Corey L. , Aref Fariborz , Washington Andre L. , Ward Courtney , Webb Kelsey
Published: June 2019

This national study examined the perceptions of state vocational rehabilitation agency (SVRA) administrators (N = 39) about SVRA and United States Department of Veterans Affairs Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (VA-VR&E) Program co-service practices that could facilitate improved employment outcomes among veterans of color (i.e., African Americans, Native Americans or Alaskan Natives, Latinos, and Asian Americans or Pacific Islanders) with disabilities. The investigators collected data using a survey of promising co-service practices and collaborations, and their subsequent analysis yielded 11 key themes that were catalogued into the following five domains; job placement services, referral services, cultural diversity, co-service agreements, and co-agency procedures. Generated findings informed the development of an emerging conceptual framework for a new “SVRA and VA-VR&E Co- Service Model” presented herein that could be considered for future evaluation and adoption by these agencies.