bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GESTION DES DECHETS LIQUIDES : CAS DES UNITES INDUSTRIELLES DE BAMAKO
Authors:   Universite des Sciences Techniques et Technologiques de Bamako (USTTB), Faculte des Sciences et des Techniques (FST)., Coulivaly Ousmane , Oumarou Toure Abdoulkadri ,   Laboratoire National de lEau du Mali (LNE)., Domoc Djiguiba ,   Faculte DHistoire et de Geographie (FHG)., Kola Toure Boucar ,   Universite des Sciences Techniques et Technologiques de Bamako (USTTB), Faculte des Sciences et des Techniques (FST)., M. Zabero Sidi ,   Universite Ahmed BABA du Mali (UPAB)., Doucoure Ousmane ,   Universite des Sciences Techniques et Technologiques de Bamako (USTTB), Faculte des Sciences et des Techniques (FST)., Maiga Yacouba ,   Universite des Sciences Techniques et Technologiques de Bamako (USTTB), Faculte des Sciences et des Techniques (FST)., S. Maiga Mohamed ,   Universite des Sciences Techniques et Technologiques de Bamako (USTTB), Faculte des Sciences et des Techniques (FST).
Published: January 2025

Laccroissement de la population accompagne par laugmentation des besoins de consommations ont engendre une production importante des eaux usees domestiques et industrielles surtout dans les villes africaines en general et au Mali en particulier au Mali. Les rejets se font tres souvent dans les ecosystemes naturels sans traitement prealable entrainent des effets nefastes sur le cadre de vie et de la sante de la population. Cest dans ce cadre que cette etude a ete conduite afin devaluer la problematique de la gestion des dechets liquides dans les unites industrielles de Bamako et determiner leur charge polluante. Ellea ete effectuee aupres de vingt-deux (22) unites industrielles de Bamako en faisant un choix aleatoire raisonne. Letude a ete effectuee en faisant, dune part,des enquetes pour lidentification des problemes de gestion des eaux usees et excretas et, dautre part, des analyses au laboratoire sur les parametres de pollution pour determiner la charge polluante des industries. A lissue de letude, il resulte que 50% des industries rencontrent des problemes devacuation des eaux usees. La plupart dentre elles, soit 65% des industries de Bamako ne disposent pas douvrages de pretraitement adequats des eaux usees.Si elles disposent,ce sont simplement des fosses a puisard pour retenir les eaux usees sans pretraitement. Les industries, les collectivites et les structures techniques sont toutes conscientes que la mauvaise gestion des eaux usees a des impacts negatifs sur la sante. La determination de la charge polluante a permis de classer les industries en trois categories qui sont les industries a charge polluante elevee, moyenne et moderee.
TEMPPERATURE AND IRRADIANCE EFFECTS, IN QUASI-STATIC REGIME, ON THE CONVERSION EFFICIENCYOF A BIFACIAL SILICON SOLAR CELL UNDER POLYCHROMATIC ILLUMINATION
Authors:   Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar / Senegal., TOURE Ibrahima , DIAO Amadou ,   Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar / Senegal., BOIRO Mountaga ,   Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar / Senegal., NDIAYE Adama ,   Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar / Senegal., MBODJI Senghane ,   Research Team in Renewable Energies, Materials and Laser, Department of Physics, UFR SATIC, Alioune Diop University, Bambey / Senegal.
Published: January 2025

In this work, a theoretical study of the effects of temperature and irradiance on a bifacial silicon solar cell is presented. To achieve this, the bifacial solar cell placed under polychromatic illumination, is the site of a photocreation of minority carriers whose movement is governed by the continuity equation. Solving this continuity equation allowed us to determine the density of the minority carriers photogenerated in the base of the cell as a function of temperature, irradiation and junction recombination velocity. From the expression of the minority carrier density, those of the photocurrent density, photovoltage, power and conversion efficiency have been deduced. When the ambient temperature of the medium varies from 290 K to 320 K, the power and efficiency of the solar cell decrease. On the other hand, for irradiance values between 100 W.m-2 and 400 W.m-2, we see an increase in power and conversion efficiency.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI PARADIGMA INTEGRASI ILMU PENGETAHUAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI KEAGAMAAN ISLAM
Authors: Machrus  , Yusriyah  , Mohamad Sobirin  , Mishbah Khoiruddin Zuhri
Published: January 2025

The change from the State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Walisongo to the State Islamic University (UIN) Walisongo has influenced the scientific paradigm. The scientific fields taught and developed by UIN Walisongo are increasingly diverse so that a new paradigm is needed, which is reflected in the vision of UIN Walisongo, namely ‘Leading Islamic Research University Based on the Unity of Science for Humanity and Civilisation in 2038’. The consequence of the vision requires all stakeholders at UIN Walisongo to be involved in realising it, so the understanding of UIN Walisongo's vision must be lived by the entire academic community, including students. This study aims to determine the extent to which students of UIN Walisongo understand the vision of UIN Walisongo. This research is a qualitative research with an interview and field study approach. The results of this study indicate that students of UIN Walisongo understand the vision with the following details: 60% of students use the strategy of local wisdom, 30% of students use the strategy of humanisation of Islamic sciences, and 10% of students use the strategy of spiritualisation of general sciences.
The ‘wholeness’ in and of Godan!
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, Ashoka University, India, Pawar Nitya
Published: January 2025

This paper delves into the intricacies of translation through an in-depth analysis of Gordon C. Roadarmel’s English rendition of Munshi Premchand’s renowned novel, Godan. The novel, a poignant exploration of social, economic, and personal conflicts in pre-independence India, revolves around the protagonist, Hori, a peasant whose desire to own a cow leads him through trials and tribulations, ultimately resulting in his destruction. Roadarmel’s translation, titled The Gift of a Cow, has faced mixed reviews, with scholars such as Ludo Rocher and Robert O. Swan offering varying perspectives on its linguistic fidelity and readability. The paper engages with Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s critique of the translation, particularly her assertion that it appears “boringly literal” and lacks a sense of the original as a whole. The discussion expands to explore the broader question of what it means for a translation to appear as a whole. The analysis focuses on Roadarmel’s choices in translating metaphors and idioms, arguing that a close reading of the text, rather than adherence to a singular translation approach, contributes to the wholeness of the translated work. This investigation seeks to enrich the understanding of meaning-making in translation practices, emphasizing the nuanced relationship between the translator and the text.
Application of Spatial Econometric Analysis to Assess the Convergence of Budget Revenues of Russian Regions
Authors: Patlasov D. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose of the study. Within the framework of this study, attention is focused on the assessment of convergence using the budget revenues of the regions of Russia per capita as a key index. Currently, research in the field of economic growth and macroeconomics remains in the center of attention of the scientific community and government agencies, as they play a key role in shaping the development strategies of regions and countries as a whole. In this context, one of the essential aspects is the assessment of convergence, that is, the process of convergence of economic indexes between different regions.

Materials and methods. The study examines key methods and models of spatial econometric analysis, such as unconditional convergence, global Moran indexes, etc. Much attention is paid to the interpretation and formation of economically sound conclusions based on the results of econometric modeling.

Results. This article is devoted to the application of spatial econometric analysis in the context of the study of differentiation of economic development of Russian regions. Spatial regression analysis is a tool for studying the relationships between various economic variables in various geographical areas, while considering various dependencies and spatial autocorrelation.

Conclusion. The results of the study have empirical significance for political and economic decision-making at the regional and national levels. The article provides an important contribution to the methodology of econometric analysis in macroeconomics, expanding the understanding of the relationships between economic variables in various geographical areas.
Statistical Thinking: Problems of Definition and Formation
Authors: Karmanov M. V.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the article is to attract the attention of professional environment to the problems of statistical thinking formation in Russia. Unfortunately, at present there is not yet a clear understanding of the scientific definition of “statistical thinking”, which brings notable difficulties in the process of developing a mechanism and taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of statistical thinking in society, especially among young rising generations. The paper concludes that in the existing circumstances it is extremely important to consolidate the efforts of the statistical community aimed at concretizing the content of statistical thinking and solving the problems related to the extended reproduction of its direct carriers.
Construction of a Sparse Covariance Matrix Based on Statistical Data Analysis and Its Use in Choosing an Optimal Portfolio of Securities
Authors: Gorelik V. A. , Zolotova T. V.
Published: January 2025

Purpose of the study. The aim of the study is to develop a new method for finding an optimal portfolio of securities based on suboptimization using a sparse covariance matrix, and to create a program based on it to automate the procedure for selecting an investment strategy.

Materials and methods. The paper presents one of the possible formalizations of a two-criterion investment problem – setting the problem for the maximum expected portfolio yield with an upper limit on the standard deviation. At the same time, the calculation of the standard deviation of a portfolio with a sparse matrix of covariances of financial instruments’ yields is justified. A solution to a two-criterion problem based on the use of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions is given. All necessary primary calculations and studies are performed in Microsoft Excel; the functions of the Python programming language are used for automation and implementation of the graphical interface.

Results. The analysis of the methods used to make investment decisions was carried out and the use of each of them for specific stock market data was justified. To automate analytical approaches to finding the optimal investment strategy with full, partial and absent correlation dependence, a program and a graphical interface were created using the Python programming language libraries. The software product was tested on the example of the investment process with real data of the Russian stock market. The initial data in this study were quotes of shares of Russian companies for the period from 01.01.2019 to 31.12.2021, taken from the Yahoo Finance website. The choice of each of the shares was based on the results of the fundamental and technical analysis.

Conclusion. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the proposed method of finding the optimal strategy using a sparse covariance matrix is a suitable tool for an active investment strategy. The technical implementation of the proposed method - the use of the Python programming language to create a graphical interface – allows automating the process of constructing an investment strategy.
Software Implementation of the Epps-Pulley Criterion in Matlab Modeling Environment
Authors: Tipikin A. A. , Prusakov A. A. , Timoshenko N. A.
Published: January 2025

Purpose. Modeling systems and programming platforms provide broad opportunities for the use of statistical tools in research activities. Since the normal distribution is one of the most common distribution laws, the criterion for checking the sample for normality is in high demand among statistical assessment tools, among which the Epps-Pulley test has the status as one of the most powerful tests to check the deviation of the distribution from the normal one. There are a number of implementations of this test in the R and Python languages. However, this test is not implemented in one of the most popular Matlab modeling software. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop a software implementation of the Epps-Pulley criterion in the Matlab environment and verify the correctness of the performed calculations.

Materials and methods. We implemented the calculation of EppsPulley statistics by two methods – classical, using cycles, and matrix-vector, using linear algebra operations. The classical method requires calculating the intermediate values necessary to obtain the criterion statistics using two independent cycles, the second cycle being a double one, in which one cycle is nested within the other. The matrix-vector method requires fewer lines of code by performing calculations using linear algebra operations on matrices and vectors. We obtained critical statistical values for the sample size ranging from 8 to 1000 elements with two-dimensional linear interpolation of tabular values. We used an approximation by a beta function of the third kind for a sample of over 1000 elements.

Results. An assessment of the computational efficiency of the methods showed that the cyclic approach is about three times higher than the matrix-vector approach in terms of consumed time, which is presumably associated with the processing of insignificant elements in triangular matrices when performing component-by-component operations. The correctness of the software implementation of the Epps-Pulley criterion was tested on several examples, which confirmed the compliance of the calculated values of the criterion statistics, as well as the critical values of statistics, with known data. We carried out a criterion statistical evaluation based on the empirical values of the error of the first kind. We obtained the error values correspondence to the specified significance levels. We performed comparative estimates of the Epps-Pulley test with the Anders-Darling and Shapiro-Wilk tests in terms of the criterion empirical power. Evaluation results are tabulated. The software implementation of the Epps-Pulley test is published on the MATLAB Central Internet resource and is available for free use.
Transaction Costs in Digital Coordinates
Authors: Galazova S. S.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the problems of studying transaction costs through the prism of the concept of an “extended enterprise” in the digital economy, defines evolutionary approaches to the study of transaction costs, classifies the classification features of transaction costs, the structure and methods of accounting for transaction costs, and also proposes a model of the relationship between transaction and transformation costs in analog and digital economies, which allows a more comprehensive consideration of changes in t transaction costs in digital coordinates.
PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL EM PROGRAMAS DE COMPUTADOR REGISTRADOS NO INPI
Authors: Silva Thiago Alexandre T. de Holanda , Santos João Paulo Lima , Uchôa Sílvia Beatriz Beger
Published: January 2025

Existe uma crescente de registros de programa de computador com foco em Inteligência Artificial (IA). O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento prospectivo de programa de computador sobre IA. Foram consultadas as plataformas Web of Science, Scopus e a base de dados do Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (INPI) em busca de artigos científicos e programas sobre IA registrados entre 2011 e 2023. Foram encontrados 107 registros de programas relacionados com a temática, sendo mais da metade submetidos nos últimos 3 anos. Foram identificadas as principais linguagens de programação, tipos e campos de aplicação dos programas e os principais artigos sobre IA. Ao final, foi gerado, utilizando o software de mineração de dados Weka e os dados coletados nas bases científicas, um modelo preditivo para registro de programas sobre IA. Observou-se a relação forte entre a quantidade de publicações científicas e o número de registros de programa de computador na base INPI, com coeficiente de correlação de Person 0,939.
UNLOCKING THE BRAZILIAN POTENTIAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGIES TO ATTAIN SDG 2 – ZERO HUNGER
Authors: Santos Wagna Piler Carvalho dos , Quintella Cristina M. , Pires Edilson Araújo
Published: January 2025

Brazil is working towards achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) of Zero Hunger, but reapeared on the world hunger map in 2019-20. This study seeks to identify the technologies existing in Brazil to address food security challenges effectively. A total of 5,084 patents from 45 food technological fields were analyzed in the Worldwide Espacenet database, using the International Patent Classification (IPC), spanning from 2000 to 2019. The key technologies comprise cocoa products, flour/dough, animal food, dairy products, preserved/ripened/canned products, nutritional modification/dietary products, microorganisms/enzymes for food, coffee/tea, sucrose production, new plants, and seafood. Academic patents encompass high-nutritional-value biodiversity products, indicating potential future specialties. Conversely, non-academic technologies mainly revolve around traditional colonial products exported as low-priced commodities.
PROPOSTA DE MODELO DE TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOGIA PARA A INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA GRANDE DOURADOS
Authors: Camargos Renan Mendes , Silva Luan Carlos Santos
Published: January 2025

Este estudo propõe um modelo de transferência de tecnologia (TT) para apoiar a internacionalização da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), considerando a complexidade, as barreiras e as possibilidades desse processo. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o estudo de caso como metodologia. Foram analisados documentos e realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores, docentes e técnicos administrativos da UFGD, com o objetivo de entender ações anteriores de internacionalização, identificar barreiras e oportunidades, além de explorar percepções. A originalidade deste estudo reside na adaptação do Modelo de Transferência de Tecnologia de Eficácia Contingente de Bozeman para o contexto da internacionalização universitária. O modelo proposto organiza-se em quadrantes, descrevendo características essenciais da instituição, das pessoas envolvidas e do ambiente, de forma a compreender e facilitar a internacionalização. Além disso, o estudo apresenta sugestões práticas para que a alta gestão melhore as condições internas e promova a internacionalização. A compatibilidade entre TT e internacionalização é evidenciada, oferecendo uma abordagem pragmática para esse desafio. Ao integrar TT como ferramenta para enfrentar as dificuldades da internacionalização, o estudo contribui teoricamente com novas perspectivas. O modelo proposto fornece uma compreensão abrangente das bases necessárias para uma internacionalização bem-sucedida e destaca a importância da TT nesse contexto. Os resultados oferecem insights importantes para a alta gestão da UFGD, sugerindo readequações na gestão e no organograma, com o intuito de superar barreiras institucionais e financeiras, possibilitando o fortalecimento das ações internacionais.
Features of development and progression of diffuse lamellar keratitis after different types of excimer laser correction of myopia: long-term observation
Authors: Lysenko N.R.
Published: January 2025

Background. Thanks to the significant advancements in vision correction, excimer laser surgery has become one of the most common methods for treating ametropia. However, like any medical interventions, there are intra- and postoperative complications, including diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK). According to M. Moshirfar, K.M. Durnford, A.L. Lewis (2021), its incidence after the LASIK procedure is 4.3 %, and according to P. Sahay and R.K. Bafna (2021), this figure reaches 18.9 %. With FemtoLASIK, the incidence of DLK ranges from 0.5 to 37.5 % or more, according to the data provided by A. Leccisotti and S.V. Fields (2021). P. Kanclerz, R. Khoramnia (2021) reported that the risk factors for DLK include the formation of a thin corneal flap and the implementation of FemtoLASIK technology. The purpose was to investigate the characteristics of development and progression of diffuse lamellar keratitis after various types of excimer laser correction of myopia over long-term follow-up. Materials and methods. The research was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine from 2021 to 2024. It was a prospective, cohort-based, and non-interventional study. A total of 180 patients (360 eyes) were enrolled and divided into two groups. Participants in the first group (182 eyes) underwent LASIK, while in the second group (178 eyes), FemtoLASIK was performed. All patients underwent dynamic postoperative monitoring, including visual acuity, biomicroscopy, tonometry, keratopachymetry, and other tests to detect complications, particularly DLK. The frequency and clinical course of DLK were assessed at 6 months, 1, 1.5, and 2 years after surgery. Results. At the 1.5-year follow-up, one patient in the first observation group had DLK grade III in one eye (0.56 %). By the 2-year mark, no clinical signs of DLK were observed in this group. In the second observation group, DLK grade III was found in 6 eyes (3.37 %) at 1.5 years, and this figure remained consistent 2 years after. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.01). Conclusions. Our study found that DLK after LASIK was not observed after 2 years of follow-up. The incidence of DLK after FemtoLASIK at the 2-year follow-up was 3.37 %, which was statistically significant compared to LASIK. The clinical course and manifestations of DLK after LASIK and FemtoLASIK didn’t differ at all follow-up intervals.
Mechanisms of early diabetic retinopathy development (experimental study)
Authors: Usenko K.O.
Published: January 2025

Background. The study of the diabetic retinopathy (DR) mechanisms should be comprehensive and include the assessment of various interconnected cellular and molecular processes initiated by hyperglycemia. The purpose was to study the mechanisms for the development of the initial stage of DR in an experiment in order to determine the main and secondary pathological processes in the re­tina. Materials and methods. Diabetes mellitus and DR were modeled in male Wistar rats by a single injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg; Sigma-Aldrich Co, China). On the 28th day of the experiment, immunohistochemical studies were performed using monoclonal antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), heavy neurofilaments, caspase-3 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), S100 protein (Master Diagnostica, USA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; Invitrogen, USA). Results. Early manifestations of DR included edema and detached retinal layers, dilation of the venous bed with microthrombosis, formation of diffuse zones of ischemia, foci of pathological angiogenesis (microaneurysms), degeneration of ganglion cells, retinal nuclear layer thinning. Astrocytes, Müller cells and their processes actively expressed GFAP and S100 protein, which indicated the development of reactive gliosis. Calcium overload in these cells could contribute to their death through apoptosis, which was confirmed by an eleva­ted caspase-3 expression. A significant increase in the VEGF expression by macroglia whose processes formed tight couplings around the retinal capillaries could stimulate pathological angiogenesis. The development of neurodegeneration was confirmed by a significant decrease in the expression of neurofilaments in the nerve fiber layers and an increase in the neuronal damage marker, NSE. Conclusions. Excessive activation of macroglia (reactive gliosis) can be considered a primary link in the pathogenesis of DR whose correction can complement anti-VEGF therapy or be used separately to prevent the development of DR in the early stages.
Design and Analysis of Non-Contact Power Supply System for Wireless Monitoring Node of Ship's Water Lubricated Bearing
Authors: Li Chengfeng , Wang Nan
Published: January 2025

The wireless sensor monitoring node for the online monitoring of various parameters of the ship's water-lubricated bearing rotates with the shaft during its operation. Therefore, how to ensure a continuous power supply to the node under the rotating working condition is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a non-contact power supply method is adopted to design a magnetically coupled inductive non-contact power supply system, and experimental verification is carried out. Firstly, the non-contact power supply method is described, a node energy consumption model is established for the existing wireless monitoring nodes, and the energy consumption test is conducted. Then, a magnetically coupled inductive non-contact power supply system is designed, and the output of the system circuit is simulated and analyzed. Finally, the experimental test of the power supply system is carried out to study various factors that affect the performance of the power supply system. The research results show that the rotational speed is not the key factor affecting the power supply effect of the system, and the air gap of the coupling mechanism is the key factor affecting the power of the power supply system. The output power of the power supply system increases with the increase of the air gap, and the output efficiency decreases with the increase of the air gap. Considering the influence of the efficiency factor of the power supply system, the 5mm air gap is the optimal working air gap of the power supply system, and the system output power can reach 15.9 W at this time.
Integration and Innovation of Traditional Skills and Modern Design in Art Education
Authors: Gou Xiaofang
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of socio-economic conditions and the acceleration of globalization, the art education community is continually exploring methods to integrate traditional techniques with modern design education, thereby fostering innovation. This study selects representative traditional Chinese craft techniques, such as paper-cutting, blue calico printing, and ceramic painting, and examines how these skills are applied and their innovative significance in modern design teaching. The research employed in-depth interviews and case study methods, involving teachers and students from 20 renowned art institutions, and conducting detailed case studies on 5 exemplary student design works. By comparing traditional teaching models with modern design teaching models that incorporate traditional skills, this study explores the new applications and possibilities of traditional crafts in modern design education. The results indicate that the introduction of traditional crafts not only enhances the cultural significance and aesthetic value of design works but also inspires students' innovation and practical abilities. In teaching practices, the combination of traditional crafts and modern design technologies, through creative transformation and adaptation, can effectively enrich the content of art education and provide students with new means of expression and ways of thinking. This study calls for art educators to focus on the protection and inheritance of traditional craft skills and to organically combine their wisdom with modern design education to achieve cultural innovation and the modernization of education.
Reconciliation and Redemption Through Rewriting the Past in Ian McEwan’s Atonement: A Moral Reckoning
Authors: Verma Rashmi
Published: January 2025

Ian McEwan’s Atonement explores the complex relationship between fiction and reality, with a particular focus on how storytelling functions as a means of redemption and reconciliation. At the heart of the novel lies the character of Briony Tallis, whose wrongful accusation of rape disrupts the lives of several characters. As Briony grows older, she attempts to atone for her past actions by writing a novel that reimagines the events leading to the crime, attempting to craft a narrative in which justice prevails. This article examines the role of fiction and storytelling in the novel, arguing that McEwan uses these themes to explore the boundaries between imagination and truth, the ethical implications of revising history, and the ways in which writing can serve both as a tool for personal redemption and as a form of moral reckoning.
Negotiating Identities: Hybridity and Cultural Entanglements in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth
Authors: Verma Rashmi
Published: January 2025

Zadie Smith’s White Teeth offers a compelling exploration of the complex processes of identity formation and cultural negotiation in postcolonial Britain. Employing Homi K. Bhabha’s concept of hybridity as a theoretical framework, this paper examines the intersections of race, culture and history within the narrative. Bhabha’s notion of hybridity emphasizes the “third space,” a liminal zone where cultural identities are negotiated and redefined. In White Teeth, hybridity is both a site of conflict and possibility, reflecting the multifaceted realities of diasporic communities in Britain. This research paper argues that White Teeth articulates the challenges and potentials of hybrid identities through its characters, their histories and the broader socio-political milieu.
Physicochemical characterization of soil occupied by carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in Morocco
Authors: ttaleb Ismail E , Aoujdad Jalila
Published: January 2025

Carob tree cultivation requires a good understanding of soil nutrient availability. Therefore, several farmers and other stakeholders have little scientific knowledge in soil standards for carob cultivation. This study aims to characterize and assess the physicochemical quality of carob soils to improve crop production. Data collection involved soil sampling at 0-20 and 20-40 cm depth beneath carob trees in 19 different regions of Morocco for 2019 year. Obtained results on the physicochemical analyses of the soil (texture, pH (H2O), electrical conductivity (EC), total limestone, organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), C/N ratio, assimilable phosphorus (P)) indicated that soils from various studied stations exhibited sandy loam texture, with neutral to slightly alkaline pH values (ranging from 6.39 to 7.62). Regarding other elements, the soils of all studied stations have a content of organic carbon not exceeding 5.11%, an organic matter ranging from 0.62 to 8.70% and a content of total nitrogen below 1.82%, while C/N ratio in soils is relatively higher. However, in all the stations, soil is considered low in available phosphorus. Total limestone contents are higher in different stations. Furthermore, soil electrical conductivity ranges from low value (0.15 mS/cm) to moderate value (2.34 mS/cm). For the most variables, small differences in soil physicochemistry are found between different stations. These findings may elucidate the carob trees’ adaptability to various soil types.
Keywords: Carob tree, Ceratonia siliqua L., soil characterization, soil texture, nutrient availability, pH, electrical conductivity, Morocco.
Investigating the Biological Impact of Melatonin on Male Albino Mice: A Comprehensive Characterization
Authors: ALQaragholy Hanan H.
Published: January 2025

Melatonin (Mel) is a chemical that has been found in bacterial, higher plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. The plant extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to find Mel. Mel concentrations differed greatly, according to the data. The aim of this study was to see how Mel generated from Ziziphus spina-christi leaves affected thyroid, liver enzymes, and lipid profiles in male albino mice. Twenty male mice were divided into four groups, each containing five mice, and were administered intraperitoneally (i.p) injections of Mel in three doses (4, 7 and 10 mg/ml), except for the control group, which received only a dose of normal saline solution. In comparison to the control therapy, the results showed that the Mel dose of 10 mg/ml had the greatest impact on lowering the levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), lowering the levels of the liver enzymes Alanine transaminase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and Total serum bilirubin (TSB) and lowering lipid profile (cholesterol (CHO), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG)). In addition to raising the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in mice's blood serum with substantial variations from the control therapy. The review summarizes, this evidence implicates Mel in a broad range of effects with a significant regulatory influence over many of the body's physiological functions.
Keywords: Blood serum, Medicinal plants, tryptophan, Rhamnaceae family, methanol, TLC and pineal gland.
Profile of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Leaves under Different Shading Treatments
Authors: Purba Deddy Wahyudin , Suswati Suswati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to assess the impact of shading treatment variations on soybean leaf metabolites. The research was conducted as follows: (i) planting several soybean varieties under different shading intensities; (ii) extracting metabolic substances from soybean leaves through maceration; (iii) identifying the extracted substances using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); and (iv) analyzing changes in primary metabolic substances. This study applied different shading treatments to various local soybean varieties: Anjasmoro, Mutiara 1, Denasa 1, Denasa 2, Dena 1, and Dena 2. The results indicate that among the different varieties and shading treatments, the highest isoflavone content was observed in Dena 2 with shading treatment on producing plants (1.820 g), followed by Anjasmoro with shading treatment on non-producing plants (1.788 g), and Dena 2 with no shading treatment (1.780 g). In addition, the statistical analysis revealed that shading treatments show significant differences only in extract mass content treated using fermentation on day 1 (p-value = 0.011) and day 3 (p-value = 0.039). These findings provide valuable insights for the scientific cultivation, management, and large-scale breeding of soybeans, specifically offering guidance on optimal shading levels for improved growth and metabolite production.
Keywords: Photosynthetic efficiency, isoflavone accumulation, crop management, metabolic profiling, shading effects.
The Role of Zakat in Poverty Alleviation and Farmer Welfare; the Theoretical Review
Authors: Mongkito Abdul Wahid , Samdin Samdin
Published: January 2025

Zakat is a must to implement which has been proven to be an instrument for equal distribution of income to alleviate poverty and socio-economic disparities in society. This research aims to reveal the latest research regarding the role of zakat in poverty alleviation and prosperity. Then map previous research findings and gaps regarding the role of zakat in poverty alleviation and prosperity; and reveal the role of zakat in the welfare of farmers. This research uses a literature study paradigm. They used secondary data from 71 journals. The scientific journal search technique used the keywords "the role of Zakat in alleviating poverty and welfare of farmers" in the latest publication period between 2014 and 2024. Discussions regarding the role of zakat in alleviating poverty and welfare are generally carried out in Indonesia, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tanzania, Brunei Darussalam, Bangladesh, and Malaysia. Research intensity (number of journals) in the rice line shows an increase. The results of previous studies agree that zakat has quite important potential as a key instrument in distributing financial resources to be used by zakat recipients to get out of the poverty line. The results of the next analysis are research findings that specifically state that zakat has begun to shift to the agricultural sector. In particular, research regarding zakat for the welfare of farmers began to be carried out in 2016-2024. The focus of the analysis is distribution scenarios, driving factors for zakat payments, models for empowering zakat recipients, implementation barriers, and most recently the focus on implementing agricultural zakat for financial inclusion by strengthening institutions. Several predictors that are widely discussed by researchers and need to be studied further are the role of zakat on poverty and welfare through labor absorption to overcome unemployment and income inequality.
Analysis of Production Function in Layer Chicken Business in Soppeng District
Authors: Anang Hasraful , Kadir Syahriadi
Published: January 2025

Production function is one method to understand the effect of production inputs used in an effort to achieve maximum profit. This study aims to identify how the use of inputs has an influence on the production of layer eggs in Soppeng Regency. The research was conducted from August to October 2023 in Soppeng Regency. The number of samples was 67 layer breeders located in each sub-district in Soppeng Regency using Nonprobability sampling technique. Data were collected through observations and interviews. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the Cobb-Douglass production function model, and tested through simultaneous tests and partial tests. Independent variables consisted of seedlings, labor, cage area, farmer experience, Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccine, Avian Influenza (AI) vaccine, concentrate feed, ground corn feed and bran feed. The dependent variable included production (eggs). The study showed tshat the use of inputs of seedlings, labor, cage area, farmer experience, Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccine, concentrate feed, and ground corn feed had a significant effect on egg production of laying hens in Soppeng Regency, while the variable Avian Influenza (AI) vaccine and, bran feed did not have a significant effect on egg production of laying hens in Soppeng Regency. So the practical implication of this research is that layer breeders in Soppeng Regency can increase egg production by focusing on the use of quality seeds, efficient labor, optimal utilization of cage area, increasing the experience and knowledge of farmers, as well as, the use of Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccine, concentrate feed and ground corn feed, while the use of Avian Influenza (AI) vaccine and bran feed should be re-evaluated because it does not have a significant impact on production.
Keywords: Cobb-Douglass, Production Function, Production Inputs, Egg Production, Laying Hens.
Islamic Financing Policy Scenario in the Agricultural Sector: Interpretative Structural Model Approach
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad Yasir , Maulana Hafiizh
Published: January 2025

Access to capital for farmers requires the intermediation function of Islamic financing amidst high business risks. The research aims to identify the appropriate construction of Islamic financing products in the agricultural sector to increase access to capital in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The research method uses the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) Analysis model. The study of Islamic agricultural financing was carried out with 3 structural elements namely purposes, constraints and policy recommendations. The findings of the research results establish 3 policy clusters. First, the construction of a parallel greeting contract model between Islamic Banking, Rice Mills, and Agents in the Warehouse Receipt System scheme. Second, strengthening farmers' access to Islamic financial institutions and adjusting Sharia financial contracts in farming capital at the central and regional levels. Third, Islamic Cooperative microfinance institutions and financial arrangements for Islamic financing in the agricultural sector. This research recommendation provides valuable insights and practical solutions for implementing Islamic financial products with an agribusiness system approach based on feasibility studies of financial arrangements and risk mitigation for agricultural financing.
FTIR Analysis of Pesticide Active Ingredients into Seasonal Vegetables: Ensuring Food Safety and Raising Awareness
Authors: Uddin Mithu Md. Mejbah , Shormela Sadia Akter
Published: January 2025

Bangladesh's agriculture sector heavily relies on the use of pesticides for pest control and production. However, improper use and unsafe handling practices can lead to the bio-accumulation of pesticide active ingredients in vegetables, causing high farmer exposure and adverse health effects. This study aimed to detect the presence of pesticide active ingredients in raw vegetables using Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). The study involved four fruit vegetables (Eggplants, Tomatoes, Bitter gourd, Green-bean) and 11 different pesticides used by farmers. The results showed that the most widely applied pesticides were moderately toxic WHO class II pesticides. Organophosphate, Neonicotinoid, and fungicide were found in fruits vegetables (Green bean, bitter gourd & eggplant). Food contamination is a serious concern for developing countries, including Bangladesh. Improper pesticide application can lead to a buildup of agrochemical active ingredients on plants' edible portions, potentially absorbing into the food chain. Programs like farmer’s field school, integrated pest management, and the department of agricultural extension's awareness program can help enhance knowledge about effective pesticide usage and prevent health issues related to personal health and safety. It is crucial to limit and avoid misuse and overdose of pesticides in vegetables to prevent the distribution of pesticide molecules and prevent acute and chronic health complications.
The Effect of Innovation Application on the Competitiveness of Small Pig Farm in Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Hoang Qui Nguyen , Guntoro Budi
Published: January 2025

The growth in Vietnamese consumption and development has led to the expansion of the pig sector and increased competition from other markets. The study included 260 small-scale pig producers selected through a random sampling method. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the impact of (1) social profiles on innovations at pig farms and (2) innovations on the competitiveness at pig farms. The findings revealed that predominantly male farmers, with an average age of 50 and a mean experience of 10 years. A total of 60% did not utilize new innovations for production, although they did have access to knowledge on the pig market. The survey found that production innovations received the greatest ranking compared to other innovations while market innovation were the lowest one. About 70% of farms exhibited a high level of competitiveness, while no farms were found to have a poor level of competitiveness. The study observed that gender, education, occupation, experience, and pig units affected innovation scores. Enhancing the perception of market innovation and organizational innovation leads to a higher degree of competitiveness for farmers. It can be concluded that competitiveness is influenced by innovations, and their farms were competitive based on self-evaluation.
Keywords: Pig farming, innovation, competitiveness, sustainable development, social demographics, farm management.
Cooking Oil Price Volatility in the Consumer Market and Wholesalers Market in Indonesia
Authors: Nendissa Doppy Roy , Pellokila Marthen R.
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the price fluctuations of cooking oil in the Indonesian consumer and wholesale markets using the Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) model across January 2018 to January 2024 period that encompasses the period of study. This study covered the period measuring from January 2018 to January 2024. As per conclusions drawn upon the tests for stationarity, the series has become non-stationary after a second difference. An analysis of the results indicates substantial and even large amounts. Consumer price’s ARCH (α) and GARCH (β) coefficients are 0.569707, and the coefficients for wholesale prices are 1.29 and -0.13 respectively. This indicates that there is the presence of persistent volatility (α + β > 0) in the market. In view of these results, it is very clear that certain policy measures need to be put in place. Such measures should include the stabilization of the delivery mechanism through proper stock management and strategic price mechanisms to avoid wide fluctuations in price. Two other factors that may help in price variations stability are increasing market openness and promoting location diversification of supply sources.
The Adoption Process to Technology Biosecurity and Vaccination in the Dispersal of Foot and Mouth Disease Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Rismayanti Rismayanti
Published: January 2025

Adopting biosecurity and vaccination technology is one of the steps that can be taken to overcome and minimize FMD disease in beef cattle farming. This study aims to analyze the farmer's adoption of biosecurity and vaccination technology in the spread of FMD. The research was conducted from November to December 2023 in Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The sample size was 99 farmers whose animals were infected or not infected with FMD. Data collection methods began with observation and interviews using a questionnaire. The data analysis used was qualitative descriptive analysis using a rating scale. Research variables in the adoption process include knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation. The results showed that the technology adoption process at the knowledge stage was categorized as moderate, the persuasion stage was categorized as high, the decision stage, the implementation stage, and the confirmation stage were categorized as moderate. The average difference from the stages of the technology adoption process of implementing biosecurity and vaccination as a whole is categorized as moderate with a score of 2.15.
Keywords: Adoption technology, biosecurity, breeders, disease, vaccination, Bone Regency, farmer adoption.