bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infection Related Immunoglobulin-M Antibodies Cross Reactive with Human Leucocyte Antigens
Authors: Güleç Derya , Kilicaslan Ayna Tulay , Soyöz Mustafa , Yılmaz Nisel , Şirin Cem , Pirim Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

Objective: The first required feature for the patients, who will undergo allotransplantation, is HLA compatibility between donor and the recipient. In this study, it was aimed to indicate whether IgM antibodies that are produced during acute infection phase affect crossmatch tests or not, in addition to hitches that can occur in HLA incompatible transplants. Methods: Eighty-two patients with acute infection due to only one infectious agent and high serum IgM antibody levels were involved in this study. The patients had no alloimmunization (blood transfusion, pregnancy, and/or previous transplants). Fifty-five healthy individuals were used as HLA antigen source in order to evaluate Ab-Ag lymphocytotoxicity reactions. Results: The infectious agent distribution in the sera samples were as 25.6% Anti-Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (EBV VCA), 14.6% Anti-Cytomegalovirus (CMV), 17.1% Anti-Toxoplasma, 11% Anti-Hepatitis A Virus (HAV), 7.3% Anti-Rubella, 7.3% Anti-Varicella zoster virus (VZV), 4.9% Anti-Brucella, 3.7% Anti-Mumps, 2.97% Anti-Parvovirus B19, 1.9% Anti-Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1, and 3.7% Anti-HBc. IgM antibody and HLA antigen reactions were analyzed by lymphocytotoxicity method in terasaki plates using peripheral blood lymphocytes of 55 healthy individuals. Conclusion: In lymphocytotoxicity test, the distribution of reactions that IgM antibodies gave to HLA antigens without class I-II differentiation according to infections were identified as 50% Brucella, 50% VZV, 44.4% HAV, 41.7% CMV, 42.9% EBV, 35.7% Toxoplasma, and 33.3% Rubella.
The Prognostic Significance of Modified Lymph Node Ratio and LODDS in HER-2(+) Breast Cancer
Authors: Özkan Fatma , Unek Ilkay Tugba , Ünal Olçun Ümit , Emiroğlu Mustafa , Leblebici Asım , Ellidokuz Hülya , Ümit Bayol Naciye , Demir Gönül , Akar Harun
Published: August 2021

Objective: The overexpression of human epidermal growht factor-2 (HER-2) receptor is detected in 20% of patients with breast cancer. The prognosis is poor in patients with HER-2(+) breast cancer not receiving systemic therapy. Modified lymph node ratio (mLNR) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) are the novel ratio-based classifications of lymph nodes in breast cancer. In literatüre, the data about the prognostic significance of mLNR ve LODDS is limited in patients with HER-2(+) breast cancer. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of mLNR and LODDS in patients with HER-2(+) breast cancer. Method: This study included 75 patients who were treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab for the diagnosis of HER-2(+) breast cancer between 2008-2013. The patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or patients without axillary dissection were excluded from the study. Results: The mean disease-free survival and overall survival were 126.36±4.38 months (range: 117.78-134.95) and 128.87±3.32 months (range: 122.37-135.38), respectively. The mean disease-free survival was 127.30 months in patients with mLNR≤ 0.5 and 118.08 months in patients with mLNR> 0.5 (p=0.690). When the patients were classified into three groups according to LODDS values as LODDS1 (LODDS≤ -1.0), LODDS2 (-1.00), the mean disease-free survival were 128.65 months, 114.07 months and 111.78 months, respectively (p=0.641). Conclusion: In this study, patients with HER-2(+) breast cancer were divided into risk groups according to mLNR and LODDS values, and a survival difference that could be clinically meaningful was observed between the groups, but was not statistically significant. There is a need for studies involving more patients on this subject. Our study highlights the prognostic significance of mLNR and LODDS in HER-2(+) breast cancer. Dividing HER-2(+) breast cancer into risk groups through mLNR and LODDS will help clinicians to develop optimal treatment and follow-up strategies.
The Investigation of Streptococcus Agalactiae Colonization in Last Trimester Pregnants by Using Standard Culture and Molecular Methods
Authors: Kuru Nurhadiye , Kuru Oguzhan , Tüten Abdullah , Gonullu Nevriye
Published: August 2021

Objective: We aimed to detect and compare group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization in pregnant women at third trimester using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and culture methods. Methods: Vaginal swab specimens were taken for screening of GBS from 100 women between 35-37 weeks of gestation who were attending to antenatal outpatient unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty from May 2014 to September 2014. Results: Rates of GBS colonization was %5 and %7 by culture and real-time PCR methods, respectively. Using culture as the gold standard; sensitivity and specificity for real-time PCR were 100% and 97.9%, respectively. Any significant difference was not detected between GBS colonization with age groups, education levels, number of previous pregnancies, smoking habits, history of antibiotic use, and contraceptive method. Conclusion: Real-time PCR technique has proven to be as sensitive as the culture method. Also, real-time PCR may provide a rapid diagnostic tool for GBS detection potentially allowing a more effective intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis and lower infant morbidity and mortality. However, the inability to use PCR test in every laboratory and its high cost creates a handicap.
Assessment of the Last Decades Studies and Developments in Broilers Nutrition
Authors: Niyonshuti Eric , Kırkpınar Figen
Published: August 2021

The poultry industry has advanced remarkably over the past 30 years. In particular, broiler production has been the most successful than any other sector in the animal industry. Production standards of broilers have continuously improved over this period, with modern broilers reaching a live average weight of 2.5 kg at 33 – 35 days. Today, under normal conditions, a broiler chicken can gain an average weight of 65 g per day and can attain 1.5 feed conversion ratio (FCR). Genetic selection brought about by breeding companies has played a big part in the improvements of broiler growth, and advances in nutritional management have provided about 10 to 15% of these changes. In conclusion, future broiler nutrition studies are going to be continued on the plane of economic criteria, determination of alternative feedstuffs and their cultivation, production of new feed additives, sustainability, and food or product quality. However, broiler nutrition studies are expected to contain not only pure and applied nutrition but also to answer and to enlighten some discussed issues such as to support animal welfare, consumer health, and ecological equilibrium. In this review, the latest improvements in feed formulation with much attention on metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP), feeding systems and feed presentation, use of feed additives to enhance feed use and broiler performance are discussed.
Manufacturing and Modeling of Hybrid Polymer Composites by Using Multiple-Nonlinear Regression Analysis
Authors: Yılmaz Muhammed , Savran Melih , Öncül Mustafa , Sever Kutlay
Published: August 2021

In this study, artichoke stem particles (AS) and wollastonite mineral (W) were used as an organic and inorganic fillers in order to improve the mechanical properties of polypropylene (PP). In this regard, PP-based composites containing AS and W were produced as non-hybrid and hybrid materials using a high-speed thermokinetic mixer. Mechanical properties of polymer composites were investigated by the tensile test. Experimental results reveal that the highest elastic modulus for PP-W and the highest tensile strength for PP were obtained while the lowest ultimate strain value was gained using PP-W-A. Then, multiple nonlinear regression analysis was employed to determine the effect of weight ratios of wollastonite mineral and artichoke stem particles in polypropylene on elastic modulus, tensile strength and ultimate strain. Experimental results were expressed second order (tensile strength), third order (elastic modulus) and fourth order (ultimate strain) mathematical models. The results show that the proposed models have well fitted with the experimental results. The coefficient of determination (R2) values were found between 0.95 and 1 in all models. Also, boundedness check control of the proposed models which gives information about whether models are realistic or not was carried out by calculating the maximum and minimum values produced by the relevant model.
Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6082 Against Different Counterparts
Authors: Ayvaz Safiye İpek , Ayvaz Mehmet
Published: August 2021

In this study, the effect of different counterparts on the wear resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloy was investigated. In tests using pin-on-disk method, 6 mm diameter Al2O3, 100Cr6 and WC-6Co balls were used as counterparts. The tests were carried out using 500 m sliding distance and 5N load. The lowest specific wear rate was measured as 7.58x10-4 mm3/Nm in WC-6Co / AA6082 couple, and the highest value was measured as 9.71x10-4 mm3/Nm in 100Cr6/AA6082 couple. In the Al2O3/AA6082 couple, the specific wear rate of the AA6082-T6 sample was determined as 8.23x10-4 mm3/Nm. While it was observed that the dominant wear type in the 100Cr6/AA6082 pair was abrasive wear, oxidation wear and oxide tribofilm were detected in the WC-6Co/AA6082 and Al2O3/AA6082 couple besides the abrasive wear.
Doğal Liflerin Özelliklerine Atmosferik Plazma İşleminin Etkileri
Authors: Alattas Huda , Demir Aslı
Published: August 2021

Maddenin dördüncü̈ hali olarak kabul edilmekte olan plazma, iyonlar, elektronlar, serbest radikaller, fotonlar, uyarılmış ve uyarılmamış haldeki nötr atomlar ve moleküller oluşturmaktadır. Fizikokimyasal modifikasyonlardan olan plazma, materyalin, temel özelliklerini değiştirmeden sadece yüzeyde çeşitli modifikasyonların oluşmasını sağlamaktadır. Günümüzde kâğıt endüstrisinde, biyoloji ve biyomedikal, materyal aşındırma veya sertleştirme teknolojisinde, uzay sanayisinde, yarı iletken teknolojisinde, elektronik cip yapımında, iletişim teknolojisinde, elmas yapımında, kaplama ve dekorasyon teknolojisinde, sterilizasyon ve arıtma sistemlerinde, güneş enerjisi ve optik sanayisinde, otomobil ve tekstil endüstrisi gibi birçok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Plazma teknolojisi doğal liflerin gerek ön terbiyesi gerekse boyama ve bitim işlemlerinde klasik yöntemlere kıyasla hem enerji hem kimyasal madde tüketimi açısından bir çok avantaja sahiptir. Çevresel tedbirlerin öneminin arttığı günümüzde plazma teknolojisi ekolojik bir yöntem olarak geleceğe yönelik bir uygulamadır. Hidrofilik veya hidrofobik özellik kazandırma, özellikle kaplama ve kompozit uygulamalarında adhezyonun iyileştirilmesi ve tekstil yüzeylerine istenen fonksiyonel özelliklerin kazandırılması amacıyla uygulanan plazma işlemiyle yüzey modifikasyonu, son yıllarda birçok araştırmacının ilgisini çekmektedir. Özellikle giderek artan çevresel endişeler nedeniyle tekstil endüstrisinde plazma teknolojisi çok daha güncel bir yöntem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Geleneksel yaş kimyasal işlemlere alternatif ekonomik ve ekolojik bir yöntem olan plazma sadece materyalin yüzeyinde etkili olduğu için, lifin temel özelliklerini bozmadan, su gereksinimi olmadan, çok az veya hiç kimyasal kullanmadan tekstil materyallerine fonksiyonellik kazandırmasının yanında işlemler esnasında herhangi bir kirlenme ve toksik atık açığa çıkmadığı için de son derece avantajlı bir yöntemdir. Bu derlemenin amacı: atmosferik basınç plazma teknolojisinin doğal liflere uygulanmasını ve işlem sonrası bu liflerin kimyasal ve morfolojik özelliklerinde meydana gelen değişimlerin, temas açısı ölçümü ve SEM gibi farklı yöntemlerle yapılan karakterizasyonlarının incelenmesidir.
The Role of Perfusion Computed Tomography as a Predictor of Pancreatic Necrosis in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Klimova N. V. , Darvin V. V. , Bazhukhina I. V. , Gaus A. A.
Published: August 2021

The presented article analyzes the data obtained as a result of the applied imaging methods of the study of 38 patients admitted to the surgical department of the Surgut Regional Clinical Hospital with suspicion of acute pancreatitis. The main criterion for inclusion in the study was the period from the onset of the initial symptoms of the disease, which did not exceed three days. In the hospital, all patients underwent perfusion computed tomography (PCT) in the first 3 days and subsequently, in accordance with national recommendations, multislice computed tomography (MSCT) with bolus intravenous contrast enhancement for 3–5 days. In 31,5 % of cases (12 out of 38 patients), a violation of the perfusion characteristics of the pancreatic parenchyma corresponding to ischemic tissue damage was diagnosed. MSCT with bolus intravenous contrast enhancement confirmed the presence of a formed zone of necrosis of the pancreatic tissue in 21 % of patients. In 10,5 % of cases, progression of ischemic damage to the pancreatic tissue was not revealed by MSCT, which was confirmed by further observation of this group of patients. Based on the study, conclusions were drawn about the ability of perfusion CT to serve as an effective predictor of pancreatic necrosis, which makes it possible to choose the optimal surgical tactics at the early stages of treatment of such patients.
Correlation of 11C-Methionine Combined Positron Emission and Computed Tomography and Ki-67 Proliferation Index in Pretreatment Assessment of Cerebral Gliomas
Authors: Skvortsova T. Yu. , Savintceva Zh. I. , Zakhs D. V. , Gurchin A. F. , Kholyavin A. I. , Zabrodskaya Yu. M. , Trofimova T. N.
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study was to explore the correlation between 11С-methionine (Met) uptake measured by combined positron emission and computed tomography (PET/CT) in newly diagnosed cerebral gliomas and tumor proliferative activity as measured by Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI).

The results of PET/CT with 11С-methionine (PET-Met) of 236 adult patients with pretreated glial brain tumors were included in retrospective analysis. The final diagnosis of glioma according to WHO classification of CNS tumors (2007) was based on both histology and immunohistochemistry using Ki-67 antibodies. On PET-Met tumor-to normal brain uptake ratio (TBR) was calculated by dividing maximum Met uptake in the tumor (hot spot 10 mm in diameter) to activity concentration in the contralateral cortex. The Spearmen rank correlation test was used to analyze the relationships between TBR and Ki-67 LI.

PET-Met analysis showed that TBR increases with an increase in the aggressiveness of the glial tumor. The differences of TBR values between gliomas grade II vs III and grade III vs IV were significant (p < 0,001). Among grades II-III gliomas Met uptake was significantly higher in oligodendroglial and mixed gliomas than in astrocytomas (p < 0,001), but the differences did not depend on Ki-67 LI.

Correlation analysis demonstrated significant correlation between Ki-67 LI and TBR values (r = 0,49, p < 0,05, Spearman rank test). With analyzing glioma subgroups TBR values correlated with Ki-67 LI in diffuse astrocytomas (r = 0,52, p < 0,05), oligodendrogliomas (r = 0,40, p < 0,05), oligoastrocytomas (r = 0,47, p < 0,05) and in high-grade gliomas (r = 0,45, p < 0,05) but not in low-grade gliomas. Comparison between TBR value and Ki-67 LI in each glioma showed a lack of coincidence in 22 % of cases (high Met uptake but low Ki-67 LI and vice versa). The main reasons for such discrepancies were tumor molecular biology or incorrect biopsy target.

Met uptake in diffuse gliomas correlates with proliferative activity which justifies the use of PET-Met for glioma grading. In case of mismatch between two biomarkers one should rely on the indicator that implies a higher aggressiveness of the glioma.
The Normal Anatomy of the Brain Pathways: What the Neuroradiologist Needs to Know (Literature Review)
Authors: Filatov A. S. , Kremneva E. I. , Matrosova M. S. , Trubitsyna V. V. , Dobrynina L. A. , Krotenkova M. V.
Published: August 2021

Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) allows imaging of most brain pathways, quantifying their integrity and even suggesting a leading mechanism of damage (demyelination or ischemia). However, it is difficult to use this technique without a good knowledge of the anatomy. This article provides an overview of the literature on the structure and function of the main brain pathways.
A NEW METHOD FOR CONSTANT ESTIMATE STABILITY OF COMPLEX WITH EDTA
Authors: PEREIRA F. C. , LIMA F. J. S.
Published: August 2021

The present work describes a new methodology in analytical chemistry, which makes it possible to calculate the stability constant (equilibrium or formation) of the coordination compounds generated between all metallic cations in the periodic table, except for alkali metals (group 1 ) together with the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid binder. The system is simple to use, inexpensive, and allows the knowledge of the size of the conditional formation constants for all metals coordinated with the complexing agent to be investigated at any pH value investigated. In addition, the method is also extensive for other binders having the same chemical reaction property as ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid performs with metal ions in the same stoichiometric bonding ratio. For the execution of this study, solutions of copper (II) cation was employed, at a concentration of 1.0x10-2 mol L-1 and the complexing agent, also presenting the same concentration of metal. The assay was conducted in a buffering system consisting of ammonium hydroxide and ammonium chloride salt at a constant pH of 10.0. The method allows its use in experimental procedures developed both in a chemical laboratory and in a classroom, used during the theoretical activities. The chelating agent has a wide spectrum of application in the food product industries, also in the generation of cleaning materials in general, as well as in the photography industry, textile production, paper manufacture and the like, rubbers and the like, polymers and derivatives, among other production lines intended for its manufacture for human consumption.
IR-SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF IMMOBILIZATION OF SELENIUM COMPOUNDS ON BIOMODIFIED COLLAGEN
Authors: GLOTOVA I. A. , GALOCHKINA N. A. , SELEMENEV V. F. , PEREGONCHAYA O. V. , SOKOLOVA S. A.
Published: August 2021

The aim of the work was to research the spectral characteristics of collagen substances bioengineered by using complex collagenolytic proteases preparation obtained before and after the immobilization of selenium compounds in acidic and alkaline media and to comparate the degree of interaction of selenium preparations with collagen matrix upon immobilization and its influence on the conformation of protein molecules. The results of the immobilization of selenium preparations on biomodified collagen by the IR spectroscopy method are presented, analyzed, and discussed. Biomodified collagen was obtained from beef trimming waste (veins and tendons) by sequential peroxide-alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis with the food collagenase preparation. The following sources of selenium were used as compounds with bioprotective properties for subsequent immobilization on biomodified collagen proteins: 4,4-di[3(5-methyldiprazolil)]selenide (DMDPS) with the content of 0,657g DMDMS in 100 cm3 and sodium selenite. Spectrograms are carried out for products of biomodification of collagen before sorption of compounds of selenium, (at the rate of 1.2 g-6 of selenium on 1 g of collagen) in acid (рН =5) and alkaline (рН =10) environments at a research of influence of compounds of selenium on IR spectrums of products of biomodification of collagen. It was established, that the immobilization takes place by a chemical reaction of selenium preparations with functional groups of the side chains of protein molecules, and its degree varies in the range Na2SeO3 (pH=5) > 4,4-di[3(5-methyldiprazolil)]selenide (DMDPS) > Na2SeO3 (pH=10). It is shown that under the interaction of selenium products with collagen, there is no change in the conformations of its molecules occurred.
TECHNOLOGY FOR PROGNOSIS OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF HAND AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF DUPUYTREN’S DISEASE (CONTRACTURE)
Authors: MIKUSEV G. I. , BAIKEEV R. F. , MAGOMEDOV R. O. , MIKUSEV I. E. , MISHAKIN T. S.
Published: August 2021

Dupuytren’s disease is an acute and multifaceted problem that affects not only medicine but also psychology, social life, since a person who has lost the ability to perform his/her socially significant functions experiences moral and physical suffering. From the first description of Dupuytren’s disease to the present, questions of etiology, pathogenesis, classification, treatment methods, and features of the preventive measures of this disease remain debatable. Therefore, the main goal of the paper was to analyze the technology for predicting the functional state of the hand after surgical treatment of Dupuytren’s disease (contracture). The study was conducted at the Department of Hand Microsurgery of the Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. The total number of patients under observation was 258, age 21-80 years. The research results were grouped into 6 combinations. It has been determined that three groups of factors affect the recovery degree: A (gender, age, examination period, severity); B (place of residence, physical and mental work, bad habits); C (surgeon's experience, types of operations, anaesthesia, section, skin plastic, reconstructive treatment, healing, etc.). It has been found that it is possible to achieve full restoration of the function of the wrist on the right hand in 67.5% of patients and on the left hand in 59.9% of patients in periods of more than one year.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TYPE AND PRECEDING CROP ON THE SUPPRESSION OF FUSARIUM BY INDIGENOUS SPORE-FORMING BACTERIA
Authors: PRAZDNOVA E. V. , GOROVTSOV A. V. , CHISTYAKOV V. A. , VASILCHENKO N. G. , KUKHARENKO L. E.
Published: August 2021

Restoring and improving soil fertility, increasing the productivity of cultivated plants is one of the objectives of agricultural production. The aim of the present work was to study the antagonistic interactions between the soil bacteria of the order Bacillales and phytopathogenic fungi. The spore-forming soil bacteria attract increasing interest as biocontrol agents, but little is known about the influence of local soil conditions on the development of antagonism in indigenous bacterial strains. This can lead to unsuccessful attempts of bacterial antagonists isolation. To determine the sequences of primary nucleotide DNA, the authors used the Sanger sequencing method, the detection of sequencing products was performed automatically, using themethod of capillary electrophoresis. Homology of at least 97% was considered as the criterion for classifying a microorganism as a certain species. This study presents new data on the influence of soil type and preceding crop on the level of antagonism against Fusarium and Plectosphaerella. The results show that both the soil type and preceding crop influence the fungal-bacterial antagonistic interactions. The strongest antagonistic activity among all bacterial isolates was found in bacteria isolated from AlbicPhaeozem. The highest antagonistic activity against F. graminearum was shown by strains that were isolated from soils on which winter wheat was the preceding crop.
CALCULATION OF THE NONEQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS CONSISTING OF AN AGGREGATE OF LOCALLY-EQUILIBRIUM SUBSYSTEMS
Authors: RYNDIN V. V.
Published: August 2021

The basis of SLT is the postulate of nonequilibrium, according to which there is an objective property of matter – “nonequilibrium”, which characterizes the uneven distribution of matter and motion in space. A new formulation of the SLT is given in relation to the set of locally equilibrium subsystems that make up the nonequilibrium system: when real (irreversible) processes occur, the nonequilibrium of the isolated system (IS) decreases, and in reversible processes the nonequilibrium in the system of locally equilibrium subsystems does not change (the increment of one kind of nonequilibrium completely compensated by a decrease in the disequilibrium of some other kind). The maximum work that can be done when the nonequilibrium system goes into equilibrium is considered as a quantitative characteristic of the nonequilibrium system. The article provides a calculated confirmation of the theoretical provisions of the concept of nonequilibrium and its mathematical apparatus by examples of determining the loss of IS disequilibrium during operation of a heat engine performing an irreversible cycle and the nonequilibrium state of an adiabatic system (AS). Schemes of an IS consisting of a hot body, the environment, and a working fluid performing a temperature-imperfect Carnot cycle are given, as well as an AS consisting of the environment and a working fluid, upon expansion of which work is given to an external work receiver. It is shown that the external work of the adiabatic system should be determined not by the decrease in the thermodynamic potential of the working fluid, as is generally accepted, but by the decrease in the potential of all AS bodies (the working fluid and the environment). As a result, analytical expressions are obtained for the practical calculation of nonequilibrium and its reduction during real processes in systems consisting of an aggregate of locally-equilibrium subsystems, which is new in thermodynamics.
BASIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PROFESSIONAL PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGISTS
Authors: NAGIMZHANOVA K. M. , BAIMANOVA L. , MAGAVIN S. Sh. , ADZHIBAEVA B. Zh. , BETKENOVA M. S.
Published: August 2021

Changes in the system of higher professional education that are currently taking place are associated with the search and creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of general and professional competencies that allow future specialists to realize their personal and creative potential. Therefore, the main objective of the paper was to analyze the basics of the psychological and professional personality development of future teachers-psychologists. To achieve this objective, the authors employed the analysis method, subject-activity, and personality-oriented methodological approaches. It was established that the physiological and professional development of educational psychologists, especially in the early stages, plays a decisive role in laying the foundations for the welfare of the community. It was determined that to solve psychological problems (of adults and children), practitioners require in-depth knowledge of the discipline, the application of creative skills. The becoming of a teacher-psychologist continues throughout their entire professional career. The university lays the foundation for professionally significant and personal qualities of a specialist, which subsequently ensure the professional becoming of the personality in the process of psychological and pedagogical activity. Based on the graphic data, the authors established the features of the development of the main components and their relationship in the structure of personal readiness. The presented research will contribute to the maturation of personal readiness for the professional activities of future teachers-psychologists.
COMPETITIVE PECULIARITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES’ PRODUCTS
Authors: UKUBASSOVA G. S. , AMIRBEKOVA A. B. , PRIMZHAROVA K. K. , DARIBAYEVA A. K. , ISMAILOVA D. T.
Published: August 2021

Industrial enterprises are improving their financial performance to achieve their development goals. The source of development can serve as a developed strategy and a specialized version of the program, which is based on the achievement of certain financial indicators. Particularly, it can be the issue of constant ensuring of profit, and of the increase and optimization of internal processes which are considered as a basis of steady functioning of the enterprise. Consideration of what can be viewed as the competitiveness of production, namely determines the relevance of the study. The novelty of the study is in the fact that not only a certain strategy in achieving the targets is considered as the basis of competitiveness, but also a strategy for the formation of internal sustainable environment of the enterprise, which can be implemented considering the needs of production and its potential development. As a basis for increasing the competitiveness of the chemical industry and sustainable operation of the enterprise, the authors consider the internal environment. The implementation of the increase in internal resistance is expected to be conducted based on the evaluation of the system of external cooperation. The practical significance of the work is determined by the need to form a certain relationship between internal stability and the possibilities of external change.
THE EFFECT OF THIN DIELECTRIC LAYERS AT SILICON ON INTERCONNECTION HEATING DYNAMICS AT THERMAL SHOCKS
Authors: SKVORTSOV A. A. , ZUEV S. M. , KORYACHKO M. V. , SKVORTSOVA A. A.
Published: August 2021

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the conditions of development of micro-and nanoelectronics, it is necessary to pay attention to resistive switching systems, which are the basis in the structures of these areas of electronics. The work deals with the investigation of the role of thin dielectric layers of silicon oxide and nitride on interconnection heating dynamics at monocrystalline silicon plates. The leading method to the study of this problem is the method of experiment, which allows identifying the features of the influence of the dielectric sublayer on the thermal regimes of multilayer systems. It is shown that passage of current pulses (amplitude up to 6x1010 A/m² and duration up to 600 μs) leads to thermal damage of interconnections right up to breaking the electric circuit. The character of destruction strongly depends on the quality of deposition of dielectric and metal films as well as on the state of the dielectric-metal interface. It was found that the oscillograms of the inclusion, taken during the passage of a current pulse, clearly reflect the change in the dimensional (h2) and thermal (λ2) parameters of the dielectric sublayers; considered the thermal degradation mechanisms of the aluminum metallization systems with thin dielectric sublayers related to its melting; it was found that formation of melted zones is related to local reduction of film cross-section and consequently to the appearance of a melted zone that coagulates into drops in the course of current pulse passing and promotes breaking the electric circuit. The proposed method can be applied to assess the thermal properties of thin films of dielectrics.
ASSESSMENT OF DURABILITY OF COATINGS IN DIFFICULT STRESS CONDITIONS
Authors: GETMANOV A. G. , RABINSKIY L. N.
Published: August 2021

The mechanical properties of protective powder coatings based on epoxy-polyester applied to steel substrates were studied. The mechanical characteristics of coatings, as well as their influence on the behavior of samples under mechanical loading, were determined. Tests of samples with coatings, created by Nano indentation methods, with subsequent processing of experimental data using standard analytical simplified models and using numerical finite element modeling were performed. In tensile tests it was demonstrated that presence of coatings leads to changes in the nature of fracture of the samples. In stability tests, the results of experimental data were compared with the results of analytical and numerical calculations, which demonstrated the effect of coatings on the stability of thin-walled samples. The mechanical properties of samples with coatings
on one or both sides of the sample were studied, which also confirmed the elastic modulus of the studied coatings at a level of up to 10 GPa (with the average value for bulk materials up to 3.5 GPa). In the process of testing at elevated temperature, the importance of ensuring tight clamping of the samples was established, in the absence of which significant increase in the measurement error takes place. Due to temperature deformations, stiffness of the samples is reduced and, accordingly, deviate from conditions of hard seal assumed in calculations. The results obtained are aimed at developing an understanding about mechanical properties, as well as about methods for changing and calculating mechanical properties, thin protective coatings used in various industries and, in particular, a wide class of coatings used to protect aircraft structural components from corrosion.
BIOECOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL REMEDIATED WITH POLYMERIC SORBENTS
Authors: VASILIEV S. I. , FOMINA N. V. , LAPUSHOVA L. A. , FEDOTOVA A. S. , ZHURAVLEV D. N.
Published: August 2021

The anthropogenic impact on ecosystems around developed oil fields has caused environmental issues that affect all habitats of living organisms. The sorption method is considered the most efficient and environmentally acceptable for the removal of petroleum substances from the soil. The advantages of polymeric sorbents are the ability to remove various contaminants to almost any residual concentration, absence of secondary contaminants, and sorption process controllability. The enzymatic activity of soil is an indicator of its ecological state and it can be used to assess the degree of contamination, the intensity of exposure, and efficiency of remediation. The enzymic analysis is performed by studying the activity levels of enzymes involved in different biochemical processes in soil. This can give more reliable information on changes in the state of the soil. In this research, the bioecological diagnostics of oil-contaminated soil was carried out by studying oxidative enzyme (catalase) and hydrolytic enzymes (urease, protease, and invertase) before and after application of sorbents. Based on a comparison of data obtained in study of enzyme and cellulolytic activity of the soil with a change in the total microbial count, morphological and biological properties of soil microorganisms and hematological, biochemical changes in biological models with regard to application rates of sorbent, it was revealed a correlation between the indices of biological activity of the soil, quantitative and specific composition of microorganisms. Chemical reactions occurring in the soil, associated with metabolism, decomposition, and synthesis of organic substances, migration of chemical compounds, mobilization of nutrients, are carried out with the help of enzymes. High sensitivity, accuracy, relative simplicity and easy operation of methods for determining the activity of soil enzymes allowed them to be used in studies in assessing the intensity and direction of biochemical processes that are essential for soil life and fertility. The activity of soil served an integral indicator of the environmental impact.
ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC MICROSCOPY RESULTS BASED ON COMBINING THE INFILTRATION METHOD WITH DIFFERENT RESTORATION TECHNOLOGIES AND IN VITRO INVESTIGATION OF ENAMEL FOCAL DEMINERALIZATION TREATMENT AT THE DEFECT STAGE
Authors: SEVBITOV A. , DAVIDYANTS A. , KUZNETSOVA M. , DOROFEEV A. , MIRONOV S.
Published: August 2021

Currently, a large number of methods for caries prevention and treatment have been developed and implemented. However, the problems with the extension and development of this process are redoubling every year. Against this background, it is urgent to develop methods that prevent the development of this pathology. To date, long-term results of treatment of caries in the staining stage by infiltration have been obtained. This technique makes it possible to stop the development of the carious process at the spot stage by impregnating pathologically altered tissues with a methacrylate-based drug, which stabilizes the development of caries and creates conditions for the restoration of damaged areas. But the question of using Icon for the treatment of focal demineralization of enamel in the defect stage is still relevant. The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of enamel focal demineralization treatment based on the application of the infiltration method in combination with various restoration technologies. The research was conducted on 30 selected teeth, which were removed for various reasons and had not been previously treated endodontically. After mechanical cleaning of the tooth surface from the plaque on the vestibular surface of all samples was created artificial demineralization of enamel in the defect stage. A point defect was created on the vestibular surface of all samples within the demineralization zone using spherical boron. Then the infiltration with Icon (DMG) was carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the teeth were divided into 6 groups of 5 samples each. The study revealed a dependence between the choice of filling material and the size of the prepared cavity. In cases in which the cavity is extensive, using composite materials with traditional consistency and compomers is preferable. If the cavity is small, then fluid materials (composites or compomers) can be used to restore the defect because these materials spread evenly throughout the tooth cavity due to their liquid consistency.On the experimental model, it was possible to establish the effectiveness of the combination of the infiltration method with Icon preparation and restoration with light curing filling materials.
DEFLECTED STATE OF SEMICONDUCTOR NEAR-CONTACT REGION AT ELECTRODEGRADATION OF METALLIZATION TRACK ON ITS SURFACE
Authors: SKVORTSOV A. A. , ZUEV S. M. , KORYACHKO M. V. , VOLOSHINOV E. B.
Published: August 2021

It is well known that a nonhomogeneous state of stress occurs in compounds of dissimilar materials upon heating. Uon the assessment of the strength of the joints, it is necessary to factor in the physical specifications of the soldered elements, the geometric dimensions and temperature conditions of their operation. The purpose of the research was to perform the stress-strain state analysis of the contact zone of a semiconductor upon electrodegradation of a metallization track on its surface. Thin-film metal-semiconductor structures were researched. As substrates, it was used phosphorus-doped silicon single-crystal wafers oriented in the (111) and (100) directions, with a resistivity in the range p = 1 ... 0.01 Ω.cm, and a 30 ... 50 μm n-epitaxial layer was deposited on a part of the wafers. As a conductive metal film, aluminum 1 ... 2 μm thick was used. The test structure was formed by optical photolithography. The oscillograms of the U(t) inclusion in the process of passage of the current pulse were taken by the corresponding probes from potential sites and recorded by a digital storage oscilloscope. An estimation procedure for the semiconductor stressed region at local surface heating of a metallized surface area with electric pulse was given. The calculated size of deformed silicon substrate region was compared with the experimental one under passage of square electric pulses. It was estimated the deflected region that depends on duration and amplitude of electric pulse. A considerable nonuniformity of the metallization track after electric pulse passage was fixed experimentally.
THE POLYMER-CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS DISCHARGE CHAMBER FOR THE ELECTRIC ROCKET ENGINE
Authors: NIGMATZYANOV V. V. , POGODIN V. A. , RABINSKIY L. N. , SITNIKOV S. A.
Published: August 2021

This study discusses the creation of heat-resistant dielectric composite material based on organosilicon polymers for the manufacture of gas discharge chamber (GDC) for the electric rocket engine (ERE). A binder has been proposed that meets the high requirements for vibration resistance and electromagnetic permeability of GDC in the megahertz range of electromagnetic waves. Based on this binder filled with silicon nitride powder, GRС was designed; this product was fully tested as part of laboratory 200 kW ERE. The research of structural transformations that occur during heating of materials was carried out by synchronous thermal analysis. The material obtained in the result of the experiment, the basis of which was SiSiB®PVMQ filled with Si3N4 60% by mass, is characterized by a number of properties that are structured and described in this study. As a result of the study, it was demonstrated that the studied material is characterized by heat resistance up to 400 ºС. On the basis of these materials, the authors produced a GDC, which was tested as part of a laboratory model. It was established that the increase in mass loss over 400 °C is due to the initiation of the process of thermal degradation of the main polymer chain.
TOWARDS REDUCING COMPUTATIONAL EFFORT IN VORTEX INDUCED VIBRATION PREDICTIONS OF A CYLINDRICAL RISER.
Authors: VIDYA C. , SHEEJA J. , SEKAR M.
Published: August 2021

Vibrations induced by flow, generally referred to as vortex induced vibrations, are of great importance in the design of marine risers. These flexible cylindrical risers undergo vibrations of very high amplitude when the vortex shedding frequency matches the natural frequency of the riser. Such vibrations are capable of putting the safety of crew working on offshore platforms in question. Hence the prediction of response of such structures is considered very important. Although a lot of numerical work has been done in this field treating the problem as a two-way fluid structure interaction, the fact that these works demand very high computational efforts has not made it pertinent where high end computing resources are not readily available. A quick prediction of the structural response of such slender structures needs to be handy to the engineers at times of need. This paper addresses a solution technique for such a problem through an economical method for quick and reliable prediction of riser response under vortex induced vibration utilizing minimum computational effort for moderate Reynolds number (Re = 3 x 105). Two dimensional flow simulations are carried out using RANSE based CFD followed by the uniform mapping of hydrodynamic forces on to the three dimensional riser. The grid used for the numerical simulation has been well validated against wind-tunnel experimental results for Re= 5.3 x 104. Hydrodynamic forces corresponding to the first three harmonics of natural frequency of the riser have been used as input in the structural solver to analyse the response using finite element method. Trajectories of the cylinder in the first three modes of vibration have been obtained, a typical eight figure pattern which is characteristic for lock-in vibration. It is found that the method is quite effective in the quick computation of flow induced vibration problems for low and moderate Reynolds numbers.
ADSORPTION STUDY OF CRYSTAL VIOLET AND MALACHITE GREEN DYES IN ZEOLITIC MATERIAL
Authors: KLUNK M. A. , DASGUPTA S. , DAS M. , WANDER P. R. , SHAH Z.
Published: August 2021

Violet crystal and malachite green are dyes used in the textile industry. These organic compounds are toxic agents capable of polluting water resources as well as destroying the existing biota in this location. The decolorization of textile effluents has always been a global problem, but it has accentuated over time with increasing scale operation and changes in the origin of the dyes used. Decolorization of wastewater achieved by physically removing the dye from the water or by destroying its chromophore group. Adsorption is referred to as one of the most efficient and feasible methods for discoloring an effluent. Molecular sieves (zeolites) showed to be an efficient alternative in the discoloration of textile effluents when compared to other processes in the industry. Sodalite is a zeolite that has the ability to adsorb the azo functional groups related to color. The focus of this work is to use sodalite in the process of discoloration of a synthetic solution of crystal violet and malachite green. The experiments performed by varying the contact times between the zeolitic material and the synthetic solutions of the dyes. The results revealed that both dyes had a decolorization process. According to analyzes, greater times of contact (12, 24, 48, and 72 hours) with sodalite is more efficient in the removal color. A decisive factor in this process is the higher Si/Al ratio (2.5) of sodalite that potentiates the process and efficiency of the experiments.
ATTITUDE TOWARDS TECHNOLOGY FOR PRE-SERVICE SCIENCE TEACHERS IN INDONESIA: AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS
Authors: ROSIDIN U. , MASKUR R. , KADARITNA N. , SAPUTRA A.
Published: August 2021

Technological knowledge and skill are crucial for teachers and pre-service teachers because they have a direct effect on performance, learning quality, and wider world access. Many studies showed that the ability of a teacher in technology-integrated pedagogy is influenced by their attitude towards technology. The aim of this study was to use exploratory factor analysis in examining the structural factors, the preference level and the interrelationship among components of attitude towards technology. Data was collected from 150 pre-service science teachers in Lampung University by using traditional survey method. Additionally, variance, mean values comparison, and Cronbach Alpha coefficients were analyzed in explaining the contributions of items and factors to the overall attitude towards technology. Pearson correlation analysis was also conducted to find out the relationship among components. The results confirmed the validity of instrument with loading factors ranging from 0.427–0.882. In addition, the total Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0.810 which informed a high internal consistency of instrument with five components of technological attitude account for 77.82% of variance. Specifically, the perceived consequence of technology is identified as a dominant attitudinal preference of preservice science teachers in Indonesia, followed by career aspirations and gender difference. Pearson productmoment analysis revealed a significant correlation among components of attitude towards technology.
UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTROLYTIC CONDUCTIVITY BY SECONDARY METHOD USING CELL TYPE D
Authors: HINDAYANI A. , ZUAS O. , ELISHIAN C. , ARISTIAWAN Y. , HAMIM N.
Published: August 2021

Electrolytic conductivity measurement is one of the important parameters to evaluate the concentration of dissolved substances in a solution and has been widely used in various fields of life, science, and technology. It was being used for process control and quality assurance. The traceability of the measuring results is a crucial requirement to guarantee reliability. The electrochemistry laboratory - chemical metrology Indonesia has started to develop a secondary method for electrolytic conductivity measurement. The objective of this work is to provide a traceability chain for electrolytic conductivity measurement in Indonesia through secondary reference material of Potassium Chloride (KCl) 1 M. The secondary reference material of KCl 1 M can be used as a standard for calibrating the conductivity meter, especially in seawater analysis. The secondary reference material that is developed has an electrolytic conductivity value of about 111 mS/cm and was measured using cell type D from ZMK, Germany. This cell is made from glass with two platinization electrodes inside. The distance of the electrodes is 60 mm, and the diameter of the electrode is 20 mm. The uncertainty measurement was estimated according to the ISO GUM recommendation by identifying all possible uncertainty sources in the electrolytic conductivity measurement process. The result showed that the expanded uncertainty of electrolytic conductivity measurement for KCl 1 M by a secondary method using cell type D was 0.33% at k=2 for 95% confidence level with a repeatability of the measurements and cell constant as the biggest sources of uncertainty which contributed as 80% and 17%, respectively.