bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of selenium intervention in gut microbiota homeostasis and gene function in mice with breast cancer on a high-fat diet
Authors: Li Yinan , Liu Min , Kong Bingtan , Zhang Ganlin , Zhang Qing
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effect of selenium on gut microbiota in mice with breast cancer under a high-fat diet.

Methods

A total of 12 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups: 4 T1 + selenium+ high-fat diet group and 4 T1 + high-fat diet group. Mice were injected with 4 T1 cells on the right 4th mammary fat pad and kept on a high-fat diet. Fecal samples were collected, and DNA was extracted for metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Relevant target genes and pathways were annotated and metabolically analyzed to explore the intervention effect of selenium on breast cancer in the high-fat diet state.

Results

Selenium supplementation in the high-fat diet altered the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in mice with breast cancer. The gut microbial composition was significantly different in the selenium intervention group, with an increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia phyla and species such as Helicobacter ganmani, Helicobacter japonicus, and Akkermansia muciniphila, while phyla, such as Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Deferribacteres, and Spirochaetes, and species, such as Prevotella sp. MGM2, Muribaculum intestinale, Lactobacillus murinus, and Prevotella sp. MGM1, were decreased. Functional analysis revealed differential expression of genes related to carbohydrate-active enzymes, pathogen–host interactions, cell communication, cell auto-induction, membrane transporters, and virulence factors. Furthermore, 37 COGs and 48 metabolites with rising metabolic potential in the selenium intervention group were predicted.

Conclusion

Selenium alters the homeostasis of gut microbiota in mice with breast cancer on a high-fat diet, affecting their composition, abundance, and associated metabolism. These findings suggest that the mechanism involves interfering with gut microbiota homeostasis, leading to altered synthesis of tumor-associated proteins and fatty acids and inducing tumor cell apoptosis and pyroptosis.
High expression of COPZ2 is associated with poor prognosis and cancer progression in glioma
Authors: Geng Zhi , Mu Chunyan , Qiu Yuxiang , Tang Yuchen , Su Mingyu , Tang Chuanxi , Zhang Lei
Published: July 2024

Background

Coatomer protein complex zeta 2 (COPZ2) is a member of heptameric coatomer protein complex I and has been reported to be involved in various tumors. However, COPZ2’s potential involvement in glioma remains to be explored.

Methods

The COPZ2 expression and related clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TIMER2.0 and the Ualcan database were utilized to assess the COPZ2 expression in various tumors. Univariable, multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier methods, nomogram analysis, and ROC curve analysis were carried out to assess the relationship of COPZ2 and other prognostic factors with glioma. The LinkedOmics database was used to predict the potential biological mechanism of COPZ2 in glioma. We also conducted in vitro experiments to evaluate the functional role and mechanism of COPZ2 in glioma cell lines.

Results

We found that COPZ2 was highly expressed in glioma and it was associated with age and WHO grades. Kaplan–Meier survival curves, Cox analysis, nomogram analysis, and ROC curve showed that COPZ2 was a disadvantageous factor in poor glioma prognosis. The functions of COPZ2 and co-expression genes were significantly associated with neutrophil-mediated immunity, granulocyte activation, and response to interferon-gamma. In addition, COPZ2 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells. Mechanistically, COPZ2 suppressed tumor development by participating in the regulation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated that the elevation of COPZ2 was associated with the prognosis and progression of glioma, and it might be a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for glioma.
Dependability Assessment of a Dual-Axis Solar Tracking Prototype Using a Maintenance-Oriented Metric System
Authors: Rotar Raul , Petcuț Flavius Maxim , Susany Robert , Oprițoiu Flavius , Vlăduțiu Mircea
Published: July 2024

This study presents a numerical method for evaluating the maintainability of a dual-axis solar tracking system that can be deployed in residential areas for improved energy production. The purpose of this research manuscript is threefold. It targets the following objectives: (i) First, we present the construction of a self-sufficient dual-axis solar tracking system based on a low-power electronic schematic that requires only one motor driver to control the azimuth and elevation angles of the photovoltaic (PV) panel. The automated system’s main electronic equipment comprises 1 × Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller unit (MCU), 1 × TB6560 stepper driver module, 2 × stepper motors, 2 × relay modules, 1 × solar charge controller, 1 × accumulator, and 1 × voltage convertor. Additional hardware components such as photoresistors, mechanical limit switches, rotary encoders, voltage, and current sensors are also included to complete the automation cycle of the solar tracking system. (ii) Second, the Arduino Mega 2560 prototyping board is replaced by a custom-made and low-cost application-specific printed circuit board (ASPCB) based on the AVR controller. The MCU’s possible fault domain is then further defined by examining the risks of the poor manufacturing process, which can lead to stuck-at-0 (Sa0) and stuck-at-1 (Sa1) defects. Besides these issues, other challenges such as component modularity, installation accessibility, and hardware failures can affect the automated system’s serviceability. (iii) Third, we propose a novel set of maintenance-oriented metrics that combine the previously identified variables to provide a maintainability index (MI), which serves as a valuable tool for evaluating, optimizing, and maintaining complex systems such as solar tracking devices. The experimental data show that the computed MI improves the system’s maintainability and enhances repair operations, increasing uptime.
Macrophage-Stimulating 1 Polymorphism rs3197999 in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Brylak Jan , Nowak Jan K. , Dybska Emilia , Glapa-Nowak Aleksandra , Kierkuś Jarosław , Osiecki Marcin , Banaszkiewicz Aleksandra , Radzikowski Andrzej , Szaflarska-Popławska Anna , Kwiecień Jarosław , Buczyńska Anna , Walkowiak Jarosław
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), often necessitates long-term treatment and hospitalizations and also may require surgery. The macrophage-stimulating 1 (MST1) rs3197999 polymorphism is strongly associated with the risk of IBD but its exact clinical correlates remain under investigation. We aimed to characterize the relationships between the MST1 rs3197999 genotype and the clinical characteristics in children and adolescents with IBD within a multi-center cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: Clinical data included serum C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, activity indices (PUCAI, PCDAI), anthropometric data, pharmacotherapy details, surgery, and disease severity. Genotyping for rs3197999 was carried out using TaqMan hydrolysis probes. Results: The study included 367 pediatric patients, 197 with Crohn’s disease (CD) (40.6% female; a median age of 15.2 years [interquartile range 13.2–17.0]) and 170 with ulcerative colitis (UC) (45.8% female; a median age of 15.1 years [11.6–16.8]). No significant relationships were found between MST1 genotypes and age upon first biologic use, time from diagnosis to biological therapy introduction, PUCAI, PCDAI, or hospitalizations for IBD flares. However, in IBD, the height Z-score at the worst flare was negatively associated with the CC genotype (p = 0.016; CC: −0.4 [−1.2–0.4], CT: −0.1 [−0.7–0.8], TT: 0.0 [−1.2–0.7)]). The TT genotype was associated with higher C-reactive protein upon diagnosis (p = 0.023; CC: 4.3 mg/dL [0.7–21.8], CT 5.3 mg/dL [1.3–17.9], TT 12.2 mg/dL [3.0–32.9]). Conclusions: This study identified links between MST1 rs3197999 and the clinical characteristics of pediatric IBD: height Z-score and CRP. Further studies of the associations between genetics and the course of IBD are still warranted, with a focus on more extensive phenotyping.
A Contemporary Review of Blood Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Yadav Sumeet K. , Hussein Guleid , Liu Bolun , Vojjala Nikhil , Warsame Mohamed , El Labban Mohamad , Rauf Ibtisam , Hassan Mohamed , Zareen Tashfia , Usama Syed Muhammad , Zhang Yaqi , Jain Shika M. , Surani Salim R. , Devulapally Pavan , Bartlett Brian , Khan Syed Anjum , Jain Nitesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Blood transfusion is a common therapeutic intervention in hospitalized patients. There are numerous indications for transfusion, including anemia and coagulopathy with deficiency of single or multiple coagulation components such as platelets or coagulation factors. Nevertheless, the practice of transfusion in critically ill patients has been controversial mainly due to a lack of evidence and the need to consider the appropriate clinical context for transfusion. Further, transfusion carries many risk factors that must be balanced with benefits. Therefore, transfusion practice in ICU patients has constantly evolved, and we endeavor to present a contemporary review of transfusion practices in this population guided by clinical trials and expert guidelines.
Caudiquinol: A Meroterpenoid with an Intact C20 Geranylgeranyl Chain Isolated from Garcinia caudiculata
Authors: Valmiki Maya , Teo Stephen Ping , de Resende Pedro Ernesto , Gibbons Simon , Ganesan A.
Published: July 2024

The tropical Garcinia genus of flowering plants is a prolific producer of aromatic natural products including polyphenols, flavonoids, and xanthones. In this study, we report the first phytochemical investigation of Garcinia caudiculata Ridl. from the island of Borneo. Fractionation, purification, and structure elucidation by MS and NMR resulted in the discovery of two meroterpenoids. One was a benzofuranone lactone previously isolated from Iryanthera grandis and Rhus chinensis, and the second was a new hydroquinone methyl ester that we named caudiquinol. Both natural products are rare examples of plant meroterpenoids with an intact geranylgeranyl chain.
Phenolic Profiles in Olive Leaves from Different Cultivars in Tuscany and Their Use as a Marker of Varietal and Geographical Origin on a Small Scale
Authors: Borghini Francesca , Tamasi Gabriella , Loiselle Steven Arthur , Baglioni Michele , Ferrari Stefano , Bisozzi Flavia , Costantini Sara , Tozzi Cristiana , Riccaboni Angelo , Rossi Claudio
Published: July 2024

Olive leaves are a rich source of polyphenols with healthful properties and represent one of the most abundant waste products of olive oil production. The aims of this study were to explore the phenolic composition of olive leaves from the three main Tuscan cultivars (Leccino, Moraiolo and Frantoio) collected in Siena and Grosseto provinces and to investigate the possible use of these compounds as varietal and geographic origin markers. Discriminant factorial analysis (DFA) was used for distinguishing between different cultivars and locations. Apigenin and caffeoyl-secologanoside showed significant differences between cultivars. DFA showed that ligstroside, apigenin and luteolin have the most influence in determining the differences between sites, whereas total polyphenols, olacein and hydroxytyrosol acetate allowed for separation between leaves from the same province. The results of the present study indicate that concentrations of phenolic compounds, measured through high-resolution mass spectrometry, can be used as a marker for both the cultivar and of geographical origin of olive leaves, and possibly of olive-related products, as well as across small geographic scales (less than 50 km distance between sites).
Lysosomal Activation Mediated by Endocytosis in J774 Cell Culture Treated with N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Magaña-Trejo Brenda I. , Tenorio-Barajas Aldo Y. , Cisneros Bulmaro , Altuzar Victor , Tomas-Velázquez Sergio , Mendoza-Barrera Claudia , Garrido Efrain
Published: July 2024

Safety and effectiveness are the cornerstone objectives of nanomedicine in developing nanotherapies. It is crucial to understand the biological interactions between nanoparticles and immune cells. This study focuses on the manufacture by the microfluidic technique of N-trimethyl chitosan/protein nanocarriers and their interaction with J774 cells to elucidate the cellular processes involved in absorption and their impact on the immune system, mainly through endocytosis, activation of lysosomes and intracellular degradation. TEM of the manufactured nanoparticles showed spherical morphology with an average diameter ranging from 36 ± 16 nm to 179 ± 92 nm, depending on the concentration of the cargo protein (0, 12, 55 μg/mL). FTIR showed the crosslinking between N-trimethyl chitosan and the sodium tripolyphosphate and the α-helix binding loss of BSA. TGA revealed an increase in the thermal stability of N-trimethyl chitosan/protein nanoparticles compared with the powder. The encapsulation of the cargo protein used was demonstrated using XPS. Their potential to improve cell permeability and use as nanocarriers in future vaccine formulations was demonstrated. The toxicity of the nanoparticles in HaCaT and J774 cells was studied, as well as the importance of evaluating the differentiation status of J774 cells. Thus, possible endocytosis pathways and their impact on the immune response were discussed. This allowed us to conclude that N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles show potential as carriers for the immune system. Still, more studies are required to understand their effectiveness and possible use in therapies.
Effects of Ellagic Acid on Vaginal Innate Immune Mediators and HPV16 Infection In Vitro
Authors: Promsong Aornrutai , Chuerduangphui Jureeporn , Levy Claire N. , Hladik Florian , Satthakarn Surada , Nittayananta Wipawee
Published: July 2024

Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic phytochemical found in many plants and their fruits. Vaginal epithelial cells are the first line of defense against pathogen invasion in the female reproductive tract and express antimicrobial peptides, including hBD2 and SLPI. This study investigated the in vitro effects of EA (1) on vaginal innate immunity using human vaginal epithelial cells, and (2) on HPV16 pseudovirus infection. Vaginal cells were cultured in the presence or absence of EA, and the expression of hBD2 and SLPI was determined at both transcriptional and translational levels. In addition, secretion of various cytokines and chemokines was measured. Cytotoxicity of EA was determined by CellTiter-blue and MTT assays. To investigate the ability of EA to inhibit HPV16 infection, EA was used to treat HEK-293FT cells in pre-attachment and adsorption steps. We found significant increases in both hBD2 mRNA (mean 2.9-fold at 12.5 µM EA, p < 0.001) and protein (mean 7.1-fold at 12.5 µM EA, p = 0.002) in response to EA. SLPI mRNA also increased significantly (mean 1.4-fold at 25 µM EA, p = 0.01), but SLPI protein did not. Secretion of IL-2 but not of other cytokines/chemokines was induced by EA in a dose-dependent manner. EA was not cytotoxic. At the pre-attachment step, EA at CC20 and CC50 showed a slight trend towards inhibiting HPV16 pseudovirus, but this was not significant. In summary, vaginal epithelial cells can respond to EA by producing innate immune factors, and at tested concentrations, EA is not cytotoxic. Thus, plant-derived EA could be useful as an immunomodulatory agent to improve vaginal health.
Soil Solution Properties of Tropical Soils and Brachiaria Growth as Affected by Humic Acid Concentration
Authors: Valenciano Murilo Nunes , de Morais Everton Geraldo , Rosa Sara Dantas , Silva Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

The soil solution is the compartment where plants uptake nutrients and this phase is in equilibrium with the soil solid phase. Changes in nutrient content and availability in the soil solution can vary among soil types in response to humic acid concentrations, thereby affecting Brachiaria growth. However, there are no studies demonstrating these effects of humic acid application on different soil types and how they affect Brachiaria growth. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of humic acid concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, and 60 mg kg−1 carbon-humic acid) on Brachiaria brizantha growth and soil solution properties of contrasting tropical soils. Plants were grown for 35 days in greenhouse conditions in pots containing Sandy Entisol, Clayey (Red Oxisol), and Medium Texture (Red-Yellow Oxisol). Soil solution was assessed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), carbon, and nutrient content. Shoot and root dry matter, as well as macro and micronutrients accumulation in the shoot, were determined. In a soil type-dependent effect, pH, EC, and concentrations of nutrients in solutions changed in response to carbon-humic acid concentration. In the less-buffered soils, Sandy Entisol and Red-Yellow Oxisol, the addition of 30–40 mg kg−1 carbon-humic acid increased root proliferation by 76–89%, while Brachiaria biomass produced in all soils increased by approximately 30%. Levels of carbon in solution were high (>580 mg L−1) and varied depending on the investigated soil type. Though solution carbon contents did not appear to be a driving factor controlling the positive effects of humic acid concentrations on Brachiaria dry matter, there was a direct relationship between other properties and nutrient content in the soil solution, and Brachiaria dry matter production.
Seasonal and Spatial Variations in Particulate Matter, Black Carbon and Metals in Delhi, India’s Megacity
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Garg Anchal , Sharma Khyati , Nadeem Uzma , Sarma Kiranmay , Gupta Naresh Chandra , Kumar Ashutosh , Pandey Alok Kumar
Published: July 2024

This study explores the spatial patterns of particulate matter (PM) in the megacity of Delhi. A GRIMM aerosol spectrometer is used to analyze different aerodynamic diameters (PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0), inhalable, thoracic, and alveolic particles, and black carbon (BC) at six prominent locations in Delhi during summer and winter. Additionally, metals (Pb, Fe, Ca, Al, Zn), along with silicon and sulfur, are analyzed using an ED-XRF spectrometer over the sampling locations during the summer season. The sampling site data are interpolated using the Kriging method to generate spatial maps to explore the air pollution problem in Delhi. East Delhi is observed to be the most polluted site, while Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University (GGSIPU) is the least polluted site. We further observe a high correlation between Al-Fe, Al-Ca, Zn-Pb, Ca-Fe, and S-Zn, indicating their common source of emission. Aerosols are also found to be highly enriched with metals like Al, S, Fe, Zn, and Pb, suggesting strong anthropogenic sources of these metals. Construction activities, resuspended dust, an increased number of vehicles, faulty agricultural practices, and soil could be recognized as major sources of the particulate concentration in an urban area like Delhi.
Study into the Impact of the Pandemic on Travel Patterns within the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Rodrigues Eunice Horácio de Souza de Barros Teixeira , Turini Larissa Rodrigues , Caetano Joyce Azevedo , Baltar Marina Leite de Barros , de Oliveira Cintia Machado , Ribeiro Glaydston Mattos , Orrico Filho Rômulo Dante
Published: July 2024

Despite the ending of social distancing and post-pandemic return to normal activities, the impacts of COVID-19 on urban mobility persist, particularly with regard to public transport. Consequently, this study looks into the post-pandemic changes in travel patterns, seeking to comprehend the effects on the municipalities and suggest helpful measures geared to achieving more sustainable patterns following the lockdown isolation. The chosen case study is the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study was divided into four distinct phases, namely understanding the problems, choosing the study area, field research and making recommendations based not only on the literature but on consultation with operators and experts. The methodological process involves the analysis of data from the field research, to assess any changes in patterns that may have been identified. The results show the changes in the means of travel, with emphasis on a preference for app-based transport services, to the detriment of sustainable transport. The study also shows the challenges facing public transport and the relationship between the choice of travel means and the socioeconomic profile of the passenger.
An Intelligent Vehicle Price Estimation Approach Using a Deep Neural Network Model
Authors: Alnajim Thuraya , Alshahrani Nouf , Asiri Omar
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the market for used-vehicle trade in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has grown significantly. This is due to the high cost of new vehicles that are not affordable by most buyers and lifting the ban on women drivers. Recently, several online websites for selling vehicles are available with different functions. However, estimating the vehicle price is based on traditional calculation methods, and this is inaccurate in several selling situations, as there are many factors that may affect the vehicle price, and these factors must be taken into consideration when estimating the vehicle’s price. Therefore, there is high demand to develop an automated vehicle price estimation system through adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. Hence, this paper proposes an efficient vehicle price estimation system through developing an efficient deep neural network (DNN) model. The developed DNN model has been trained using a recent collected dataset for used-vehicle prices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The developed system has been validated using a recent vehicle price dataset, and the obtained results are compared with seven different machine learning models and showed a promising regression accuracy. In addition, we developed a reliable graphical user interface (GUI) for the purpose of allowing the user to estimate the price of any vehicle using the pre-trained DNN model.
Development of Kotta Cinna Site Museum in Medan City, 2008-2023
Authors: Nainggolan Jelita Tua , Batubara Abdul Karim
Published: July 2024

his study explores the development of the Kotta Cinna Site Museum in Medan City from 2008 to 2023. The background of this research underscores the importance of cultural heritage preservation amidst rapid urbanization and the role of museums as cultural institutions in education and conservation. The primary research question posed is how the Kotta Cinna Site Museum has evolved over this period and its impact on the local community. The research methodology includes literature review, in-depth interviews with stakeholders, and field observations. The findings indicate significant advancements in the museum's facilities, collections, and educational programs, contributing to heightened public awareness of cultural heritage importance. The author concludes that despite challenges in funding and management, the Kotta Cinna Site Museum has positively impacted cultural preservation and community education.
Kembar Mayang Tradition in Javanese Wedding Ceremony in Dusun VI, Nagur Village, Tanjung Beringin District, Serdang Bedagai Regency
Authors: Lestary Ayu , Naldo Jufri , Yasmin Nabila
Published: July 2024

This research employs qualitative methods with an anthropological approach to understand the significance of the Kembar Mayang tradition in Javanese weddings. The anthropological approach investigates human societies and behaviors, focusing on cultural practices and their meanings. Data collection was conducted through a combination of library research, field observations, and interviews with relevant sources to ensure the validity of the information and comprehensive documentation. The study reveals that Javanese people view marriage as sacred, filled with rituals imbued with prayers for a harmonious domestic life. One prominent tradition in Javanese weddings is Kembar Mayang, symbolizing the union of two hearts into one, reflecting shared goals for a peaceful and blessed household. The Kembar Mayang ritual, made of flowers and leaves, embodies important cultural values and is essential in traditional Javanese wedding ceremonies.
Mythology in Sulalatus Salatin Manuscript
Authors: Andina Rizki Dwi , Rohani Laila , Syam Abdi Mubarak
Published: July 2024

This research delves into the Sulalatus Salatin manuscript, exploring its historical context and content to identify and describe the myths embedded within, reflecting the Malay society around the 15th century. The study aims to deepen the understanding of the Sulalatus Salatin manuscript and the prevalent myths of that era. Utilizing the historical method, the research encompasses three stages: identifying the research problem, collecting data, and analyzing content through a textology approach to comprehend past societal views on mythology. Data collection involves library research to find relevant studies, skimming the text to examine each chapter, and documenting various sources such as documents, notes, and archives. The results reveal that the Sulalatus Salatin manuscript narrates the reigns of the Malay Sultanate of Malacca, depicting Malay values such as philosophy, ethics, leadership, aesthetics, language, and religion. The manuscript records events related to the rise, glory, and downfall of the Malay Kingdom of Malacca in 1511 CE, highlighting the introduction of Islam and Malacca's role as a center of Islamic education.
Tracing the Footsteps of Local Wisdom: An Analysis of Tha'buthaan Culture in Arjasa District, Jember Regency, Viewed from the Seven Cultural Elements
Authors: Safitri Nur , Ambarsari Novita , Fafaisa Roihatus , Arifin Ilfiana Firzaq
Published: July 2024

Tha'buthaaan art in Arjasa District, Jember, East Java, is one of the oldest arts that still exists today. This art has high cultural and historical value and reflects the identity of the local community. This research aims to understand the existence of tha'buthaan art in Arjasa District from an anthropological perspective. The method used is qualitative with an anthropological approach, collecting information through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The results of the research prove that this tha'buthaan has social, cultural, and religious functions. The existence of tha'buthaan art is faced with various challenges, which also require efforts from various parties, not just artists. These efforts must be made to maintain this art. By understanding the extent of this art from an anthropological perspective, it is hoped that it can help in conservation efforts and promote the significance of traditional arts in the modern era.
DNA Methylation-Mediated GPX4 Transcriptional Repression and Osteoblast Ferroptosis Promote Titanium Particle-Induced Osteolysis
Authors: Dong Jian , Ruan Binjia , Zhang Lijun , Wei Ai , Li Chuling , Tang Neng , Zhu Linxi , Jiang Qing , Cao Wangsen
Published: July 2024

Metal wear particles generated by the movement of joint prostheses inevitably lead to aseptic osteolytic damage and ultimately prosthesis loosening, which are aggravated by various types of regulated cell death of bone. Nevertheless, the exact cellular nature and regulatory network underlying osteoferroptosis are poorly understood. Here, we report that titanium particles (TP) induced severe peri-implant osteolysis and ferroptotic changes with concomitant transcriptional repression of a key anti-ferroptosis factor, GPX4, in a mouse model of calvarial osteolysis. GPX4 repression was accompanied by an increase in DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) 1/3a/3b and hypermethylation of the
Gpx4
promoter, which were partly mediated by the transcriptional regulator/co-repressor KLF5 and NCoR. Conversely, treatment with SGI-1027, a DNMT-specific inhibitor, resulted in marked reversal of
Gpx4
promoter hypermethylation and GPX4 repression, as well as improvement in ferroptotic osteolysis to a similar extent as with a ferroptosis inhibitor, liproxstatin-1. This suggests that epigenetic GPX4 repression and ferroptosis caused by the increase of DNMT1/3a/3b have a causal influence on TP-induced osteolysis. In cultured primary osteoblasts and osteoclasts, GPX4 repression and ferroptotic changes were observed primarily in osteoblasts that were alleviated by SGI-1027 in a GPX4 inactivation-sensitive manner. Furthermore, we developed a mouse strain with
Gpx4
haplodeficiency in osteoblasts (
Gpx4
Ob+/−
) that exhibited worsened ferroptotic osteolysis in control and TP-treated calvaria and largely abolished the anti-ferroptosis and osteoprotective effects of SGI-1027. Taken together, our results demonstrate that DNMT1/3a/3b elevation, resulting GPX4 repression, and osteoblastic ferroptosis form a critical epigenetic pathway that significantly contributes to TP-induced osteolysis, and that targeting DNMT aberration and the associated osteoferroptosis could be a potential strategy to prevent or slow down prosthesis-related osteolytic complications.
Low-Level Laser Therapy for Improvement of In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Patients with Recurrent Implantation Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jafarabadi Mina , Farbod Yasaman , Shariat Mamak
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Numerous strategies have been investigated for addressing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) and enhancing endometrial receptivity, yet agreement on the optimal intervention remains elusive. Our investigation endeavors to assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pregnancy outcomes in individuals who have undergone a minimum of three unsuccessful embryo transfer cycles (ET). Methods: In our randomized single-blinded clinical trial, we enrolled thirty females with a medical history of RIF who were eligible for frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). Through a random allocation sequence, the participants were divided into two groups. The LLLT was performed one cycle before blastocyst transfer in 15 cases using a New Age BIOLASER device (New Age Co., Italy) with a 900-milliwatt power output and an 850-nm wavelength. The irradiation sessions were conducted transabdominal on the hypogastric area. The considered outcomes were biochemical pregnancy, identified by a positive blood pregnancy test, and clinical pregnancy, confirmed through visualization of the gestational sac using ultrasonography. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 34.17 years, and they had undergone three to seven previous embryo transfers. There was no significant difference in basic characteristics between the group undergoing laser treatment and the control group. However, the laser-treated group exhibited elevated rates of both biochemical and clinical pregnancies compared to the control group (46.7% vs. 33.3%; P==0.710 and 33.3% vs. 20.0%; P=0.682 respectively). Conclusion: To our knowledge, this study represents the first single-blinded randomized clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of LLLT pretreatment in individuals with RIF. The findings propose that LLLT may potentially enhance biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates among RIF patients.
The effect of a period of detraining followed by resistance training on fibrosis, angiogenesis, and cardiac dimensions of male Wistar rats
Authors: Nobahar Masome , Ahmadi Fatemeh , Mirdar Harijani Shadmehr
Published: July 2024

Background and aims: Resistance training is associated with certain cardiovascular adaptations. However, a lack of exercise may affect it. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of detraining followed by resistance training on the fibrosis, angiogenesis, and cardiac dimensions of male Wistar rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 20 male Wistar rats at the age of five weeks were randomly divided into control, training, control+detraining, and training+detraining groups. The control (8 weeks) and control+detraining (11 weeks) groups were placed in their respective cages with 24-hour free access to food and water and did not exercise for eight weeks. The resistance training+detraining and resistance training groups performed eight weeks of the resistance training protocol. The resistance training+detraining group did not do any type of training after the training period of 3 weeks. The results were analyzed by SPSS version 18. Results: In terms of fibrosis, there was a significant difference between the control and control+detraining groups (P=0.001), between control and training groups (P=0.001), and between control+detraining and training+detraining groups (P=0.001). In addition, a significant difference was found between the training and training+detraining groups in terms of fibrosis (P=0.001). In terms of angiogenesis, a significant difference was observed between the control and training groups (P=0.001) and between the training and training+detraining groups (P=0.007). Conclusion: Resistance training could reduce fibrosis and increase cardiac angiogenesis in rats. Based on the findings, fibrosis increased significantly in the detraining period compared to the active period, and angiogenesis was also reduced due to detraining.
A systematic review of the impact of apical patency on postoperative pain
Authors: Rezvani Samira , Eghtesad Mohammad Amin , Kouchakzadeh Amir
Published: July 2024

Background and aims: Apical patency (AP), a technique in endodontics, involves keeping a small opening in the apical foramen during root canal instrumentation. However, there has been a debate about its effect on postoperative pain. To clarify this issue, this systematic review aimed to study the literature and determine the impact of AP on postoperative pain after endodontic procedures. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, up to November 2, 2023. Studies on the relationship between AP and postoperative pain in endodontic treatments were included in this research. Relevant articles were independently screened, and data were extracted based on our study aims. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trial studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicated that among the included studies, six demonstrated no differences between the AP and non-AP (NAP) groups in terms of postoperative pain scores. In addition, four studies reported a decrease in operative pain in the AP group compared to the NAP group, and only one study showed that AP increases postoperative pain. However, conflicting evidence was observed in a subset of studies; there were no significant differences between the AP and NAP groups in terms of the postoperative pain scores. Conclusion: Compared with NAP, AP does not intensify the postoperative pain in teeth with vital and necrotic pulp.
IDENTIFICATION AND DETECTION OF THE NATURE OF NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN CONTINUOUSLY CAST BILLETS FROM STEEL 26KHGMF
Authors: GALAGAN V.V. ,   Volgograd State TechnicaL University, KIRILICHEV M.V. , RUTSKIY D.V. , ZYUBAN N.A. , PRUSOVA E.V. , TITOV K.E. ,   Volgograd State TechnicaL University,   Volgograd State TechnicaL University,   Volgograd State TechnicaL University,   Volgograd State TechnicaL University,   JSC “FNPTs “Titan-Barricades”
Published: July 2024

The article presents data on the identification of inclusions in metal samples of continuously cast blanks. The counting and identification of inclusions was carried out using the automatic particle analyzer EDAX Particle/Phase Analysis Software. The study established the predominant type of non-metallic inclusions. It is shown that a large proportion of inclusions are endogenous and have a steelmaking nature of origin. It is shown that inclusions are unevenly distributed over the section of the cast workpiece, and the axial volumes of the workpiece have the maximum contamination. At the same time, the distribution of oxide and oxysulfide inclusions is opposite, which is associated with the course of liquation processes during solidification.
Revolution of Duplicated Music
Authors: Bårdsen Thomas
Published: July 2024

This article explores the evolution of early commercial music production and the shift from selling original recordings to duplicated copies. It focuses on the introduction of the pantographic duplication technique, which allowed for successful mass production of phonograph cylinders. The pantograph copied cylinders mechanically, using the same blank cylinders as original recordings. This made the two products difficult to distinguish. The music industry kept this process of duplication a secret, selling duplicated copies labelled “original” and “master” quality. Recent research reveals that mechanical duplication through the pantographic method was more extensive than previously acknowledged, with millions of copies produced in a short timeframe. The author commissioned the production of a contemporary pantograph copy of a cylinder recording. Its analysis uncovered characteristic sounds and defects, such as additional mechanical noise, deteriorated signal-to-noise ratio, errors in the time axis, and excess harmonic distortion. These signatures can help differentiate between original recordings and pantographic copies in archive collections. Understanding the implications of early duplication techniques also contributes to a better understanding of the development of the music industry and its recording practices.
Turner Sendromlu Çocuklarda Otoimmün Tiroidit Sıklığı
Authors: Güray Atilla , Şaşihüseyinoğlu Ayşe Şenay , Bundak Rüveyde
Published: July 2024

Amaç:Turner sendromlu (TS) hastalarda tiroid fonksiyonları, tiroid ultrasonografi (USG) bulgularını değerlendirmek ve otoimmün tiroidit (Hashimoto tiroiditi) sıklığını saptamak.
Materyal ve metod: Turner sendromu tanısı konulan 25 hasta ( yaş ortalaması 16.3±4.44 yıl ) ve 25 sağlıklı kız çocuğu ( yaş ortalaması 16.3±3.66-yıl) kontrol grubu olarak çalışmaya alındı. Her iki grup klinik, sitogenetik özellikleri yönünden değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya alınan tüm çocuklarda tiroid fonkiyon testleri (TFT), otoimmün tiroidite yönelik antitiroglobulin (anti TG) ve tiroid peroksidaz antikorları (anti TPO) ve tiroid USG incelemeleri yapıldı.Test sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde Ki-kare, Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon Rank Sum ve lineer korelasyon testleri kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Yapılan çalışma sonucunda TS tanısı alan 25 hastanın sitogenetik analizinde 13 olguda (% 52) 45,X0 ; 9’unda (%36) olguda X kromozomunda mosaisizm, 3’ünde (%12) X kromozomunda yapısal anomali saptandı.TS’lu hastaların 7’sinde (%28) TFT bozukluğu, otoantikor pozitifliği veya anormal USG bulgularını içeren tiroid patolojisi mevcuttu.Tiroid otoantikor varlığı TS grubunda anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p=0.03). Anti TG ve anti TPO pozitifliği 5 hastada (% 20) saptandı. Antikor saptanmayan TS’lu hastalardan sadece 1’inde hipotiroidi mevcuttu. Kontrol grubunda TFT normal sınırlarda idi. TS hastalarında hipotiroidi, kontrol grubuna göre istatiksel olark anlamlı olarak daha fazla idi (p<0. 05). Tiroid antikorları pozitif olan 5 hastanın 3’ünde tiroid USG’de lenfositik tirodit bulguları bulunmaktaydı. Lineer korelasyon ile tiroid antikor pozitifliği ve patolojik USG bulguları değerlendirildiğinde iki parametre arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı(p<0,05). HT tiroidit ile karyotip arasında anlamlı bir istatiksel ilişki yoktu (p>0,05)
Sonuç:Çalışmamızda elde edilen %20 oranında antitiroid antikor pozitifliği TS ‘da otoimmün tiroidit sıklığının yüksek olduğunu desteklemektedir. Tiroid antikor pozitifliği ve patolojik USG bulguları koreledir.
Rephrasing the Lengthy and Involved Proof of Kristof’s Theorem: A Tutorial with Some New Findings
Authors: Ogasawara Haruhiko
Published: July 2024

Kristof’s theorem gives the global maximum and minimum of the trace of some matrix products without using calculus or Lagrange multipliers with various applications in psychometrics and multivariate analysis. However, the underutilization has been seen irrespective of its great use in practice. This may partially be due to the lengthy and involved proof of the theorem. In this tutorial, some known or new lemmas are rephrased or provided to understand the essential points in the proof. ten Berge’s generalized Kristof theorem is also addressed. Then, the modified Kristof and ten Berge theorems using parent orthonormal matrices are shown, which may be of use to see the properties of the Kristof and ten Berge theorems.
Diseño de una intervención pedagógica hibrida en la promoción de un aprendizaje lingüístico e intercultural
Authors: Cubero Karol
Published: July 2024

This review paper addresses the need to infuse intercultural learning in the language classroom. The body of literature offers evidence of language approaches and methods that can potentially benefit the foreign/second language classroom by shifting from traditional practice to more active, participatory, and interculturally infused teaching. Teaching a foreign/second language comprehensively requires the inclusion of the intercultural component to equip learners with the ability to interact in increasingly intercultural contexts. Therefore, this paper proposes a model to design language and intercultural tasks in the language classroom. The methodology applied in this paper is based on a qualitative approach by reviewing the literature to gather insights to facilitate an intercultural approach based on a hybrid pedagogy merging Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and Project-based Learning (PBL), designing a model to implement an intercultural language experience centered on learners. Results suggest that language educators can provide positive learning opportunities for students to develop intercultural competence when planning and mediating intercultural language tasks in the foreign/second language classroom. Language learners can amplify their competencies and language skills in more authentic and meaningful ways when the instruction is infused with intercultural elements. The design described can serve as an intercultural language model to teach and develop intercultural communicative competence intended to improve communication across cultures.
Greenwashing in green finance and measures to prevent it
Authors: Buchinskaya O. N.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To study the phenomenon of greenwashing in the spheres of green bonds issuance and banks’ activities.

Objectives. To show the degree of study of the problem in foreign and Russian scientific literature; to analyze the methods of combating greenwashing; to estimate the probability of greenwashing in the financial sphere in Russia.

Methods. The author used the methods of bibliographic analysis, studied the legislation and documentation of banking organizations in the context of greenwashing prevention.

Results. The author traces the growth of cases of greenwashing in the financial sphere, shows the main forms of its manifestation emphasized in modern scientific literature. As a result of the analysis of the European Union (EU) legislation on counteraction to financial greenwashing the ineffectiveness of the EU measures on prevention of unfair behavior of issuers of “green” bonds and banking institutions is proved. The analysis of the Russian practice of green finance shows the low demand for the services of green bond verifiers and the low degree of state control over this sphere, which may affect the spread of financial greenwashing in Russia. Based on the results of the analysis of the sphere of counteraction to greenwashing in the sphere of green finance in Russia, the main directions of improvement of the domestic policy of counteraction to greenwashing are proposed.

Conclusions. Greenwashing is an urgent problem for the development of green finance. The measures taken by the EU to regulate the green bond market do not lead to a reduction in greenwashing and even provoke its development. Measures on state control and tougher penalties for greenwashing are more effective than the emphasis on information disclosure. This seems significant not only for the European market, but also for the Russian market, which will have to face this problem. It is necessary to develop measures to detect and overcome unfair behavior of participants of Russian financial markets, including the development of state control mechanisms, a unified methodology for assessing green bonds and issuers’ reporting, as well as the responsibility of issuers and verifiers when greenwashing is detected. Equally important are incentives for banks to finance green projects and control of the banking system in the framework of greenwashing prevention.
Development of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation in the field of waste management
Authors: Spirina L. I.
Published: July 2024

Aim. To build a system of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management.

Objectives. To develop a model of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management; to offer directions and forms of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the investigated sphere.

Methods. The author used the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and classification, as well as modeling. Legislative acts of the Russian Federation (RF), data of official governmental sites of the RF and the Republic of Bashkortostan, scientific articles, monographs, periodicals in the field of ecological monitoring of territories, data of the public-law company “Russian Ecological Operator” (PPC “REO”), statistical collections devoted to the researched subject served as a methodological basis for model building.

Results. The author of the article proposes a model of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation, which includes the definition of ratings of regions, forms and directions, assessment of risks and effectiveness of inter-territorial interaction and cooperation. It is argued that interaction and cooperation in this area can be realized through participation in investment for the creation of infrastructure facilities for waste management; through participation in tenders on the electronic trading platform for the purchase of secondary raw materials; construction of eco-industrial parks, allowing to reduce to the maximum the amount of waste going to landfill; awareness-raising activities to popularize the principles of closed-cycle economy; eco-volunteering, creation of an eco-monitoring system.

Conclusions. The model of interterritorial interaction and cooperation in the sphere of waste management proposed by the author allows to improve its quality, to ensure the efficiency of territorial development, viability of waste management infrastructure, full utilization of the potential of regions and the sphere of waste management.
Dampak Jahalah Terhadap Keabsahan Akad Jual-Beli
Authors: Fuadi Fatih
Published: July 2024

The principle and the basic law of muamalah is permissible, unless there is a proof that does not allow it. It is also in transaction activities muamalah. However, there are many transaction of muamalah become damaged due to several things, among others the element of uncertanty (jahalah). This literature research using content analysis to provide information related of jahalah. The conclution of this article that every jahalah can lead to disputes that damage the contract that has been agreed between both parties. According to Hanafiah scholars there are several forms of baiâ€™ al-fasiq, among the the jahalah. Jahalah has three levels namely jahalah fakhisyah, jahalah yasirah and jahalah mutawashittah. It is conclude inthis study that any muamalah contact containing the elemant of the jahalah is invalid or void. It depends to the principle of transparency, prudence and avoidence of damage (mafsadat) in muamalah.