bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-1) Infection among Iranian Blood Donors: First Case-Control Study on the Risk Factors
Authors: Hedayati-Moghaddam Mohammad , Tehranian Farahnaz , Bayati Maryam
Published: November 2015

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is an endemic condition in Northeast Iran and, as such, identification of risk factors associated with the infection in this region seems to be a necessity. All the possible risk factors for HTLV-1 seropositivity among first-time blood donors were evaluated in Mashhad, Iran, during the period of 2011–2012. Blood donation volunteers were interviewed for demographic data, medical history, and behavioral characteristics and the frequencies of risk factors were compared between HTLV-1 positive (case) and HTLV-1 negative (control) donors. The data was analyzed using Chi square and t-tests. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for the infection. Assessments were carried out on 246 cases aged 17–60 and 776 controls aged 17–59, who were matched based on their ages, gender, and date and center of donation. Logistic analysis showed low income (OR = 1.53, p = 0.035), low educational level (OR = 1.64, p = 0.049), being born in the cities of either Mashhad (OR = 2.47, p = 0.001) or Neyshabour (OR = 4.30, p < 0001), and a history of blood transfusion (OR = 3.17, p = 0.007) or non-IV drug abuse (OR = 3.77, p < 0.0001) were significant predictors for infection with HTLV-1. Lack of variability or small sample size could be reasons of failure to detect some well-known risk factors for HTLV-1 infection, such as prolonged breastfeeding and sexual promiscuity. Pre-donation screening of possible risk factors for transfusion-transmissible infections should also be considered as an important issue, however, a revision of the screening criteria such as a history of transfusion for more than one year prior to donation is strongly recommended.
Multiple Time-Scale Monitoring to Address Dynamic Seasonality and Storm Pulses of Stream Water Quality in Mountainous Watersheds
Authors: Lee Hyun-Ju , Chun Kun-Woo , Shope Christopher , Park Ji-Hyung
Published: November 2015

Rainfall variability and extreme events can amplify the seasonality and storm pulses of stream water chemistry in mountainous watersheds under monsoon climates. To establish a monitoring program optimized for identifying potential risks to stream water quality arising from rainfall variability and extremes, we examined water chemistry data collected on different timescales. At a small forested watershed, bi-weekly sampling lasted over two years, in comparison to three other biweekly sampling sites. In addition, high-frequency continuous measurements of pH, electrical conductivity, and turbidity were conducted in tandem with automatic water sampling at 2 h intervals during eight rainfall events. Biweekly monitoring showed that during the summer monsoon period, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), and dissolved ion concentrations generally decreased, but total suspended solids (TSS) slightly increased. A noticeable variation from the usual seasonal pattern was that DO levels substantially decreased during an extended drought. Bi-hourly storm event samplings exhibited large changes in the concentrations of TSS and particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC; DOC) during intense rainfall events. However, extreme fluctuations in sediment export during discharge peaks could be detected only by turbidity measurements at 5 min intervals. Concomitant measurements during rainfall events established empirical relationships between turbidity and TSS or POC. These results suggest that routine monitoring based on weekly to monthly sampling is valid only in addressing general seasonal patterns or long-lasting phenomena such as drought effects. We propose an “adaptive” monitoring scheme that combines routine monitoring for general seasonal patterns and high-frequency instrumental measurements of water quality components exhibiting rapid responses pulsing during intense rainfall events.
La pénétration des groupes saxons et anglo-saxons dans le Ponthieu entre la fin du IV e et le milieu du VI e siècle
Authors: Soulat Jean
Published: November 2015

The implantation of Saxon and Anglo-Saxon groups along the Channel coasts between the late 4th century and the second half of the 6th century, has always raised multiple questions. First, about the nature of these migrations, the size of the populations who came to theses regions, the role of these groups of people and their social status in relation to the local populations. Thanks to the inventory and the study of Saxon and Anglo-Saxon grave-goods in Merovingian Gaul, these maritime migrations are now very well understood and replaced within the historical context of the period. Ponthieu remains the first territory to welcome these groups of foreigners from Germany and Britain. The case of the cemetery of Vron is the first example which shows the evolution from Saxons to Anglo-Saxons during the late 4th and the second half of the 6th century. Between the Canche and Somme valleys, there are other examples of important cemeteries like La Calotterie, Nouvion-en-Ponthieu and Waben, which also proves the penetration of foreign minorities in Ponthieu during the Merovingian Period.
La reconstitution du costume d’Arégonde. Nouvelles propositions
Authors: Périn Patrick
Published: November 2015

Michel Fleury, der 1957 die Ausgrabungen von Edouard Salin unter der Basilika von Saint-Denis wieder aufgenommen hatte, entdeckte 1959 einen Sarkophag (Nr. 49) mit einer weiblichen Toten, die die außergewöhnliche Qualität ihrer Grabbeigaben und die Erhaltung der organischen Überreste ihrer Kleidung auszeichnete. Ein Goldring mit dem Namen ARN EGVNDIS und einem zentralen als REGIN E entzifferten Monogramm erlaubte die Verstorbene als Königin Arnegundis, eine von Gregor von Tours erwähnte Gemahlin Chlothars I. (511-561) und Mutter Chilperichs I., zu identifizieren. In Anbetracht des 539 angesetzten Geburtsdatums Chilperichs (tatsächlich wurde er 534 geboren) und einer anthropologischen Schätzung, die das Todesalter der Verstorbenen um 45 Jahre veranschlagte, wurde für ihren Tod die Zeit um 565/ 570 berechnet. Da diese Datierung nicht mit der des deutlich jüngeren Grabinventars übereinstimmte, bezweifelten mehrere Forscher, dass es sich bei der Verstorbenen tatsächlich um die von Gregor von Tours erwähnte historische Persönlichkeit handelte. Vor kurzem wurden das etwa dreißig Jahre lang verschollene Skelett der Toten aus dem Grab 49 und die mitgegebenen organischen pflanzlichen und tierischen Überreste wiederentdeckt. So bot sich die Gelegenheit den Fall wieder aufzurollen. Nun ist gesichert, dass die Tote etwa 61 jährig (± drei Jahre) um 580 starb, was der archäologischen Datierung der Grabbeigaben und folglich der historischen Identifizierung der Verstorbenen besser entspricht. Die erneute Überprüfung der organischen Überreste stellt zudem Michel Fleurys und Albert France-Lanords Rekonstruktion der Kleidung Arnegundis’ in Frage. Im

Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF) wurden die Beigaben aus Gold und Silber und die diese zierenden Granate analysiert. Diese Untersuchungen haben neue Erkenntnisse sowohl bezüglich der Legierungen als auch bezüglich der Herkunft der Granate gebracht.
Les apports de l’expérimentation archéologique à la connaissance des monnayages mérovingien
Authors: Leroy Benjamin
Published: November 2015

Nous présentons ici les résultats d’une expérimentation archéologique conduite dans le cadre d’un Master d’Archéologie médiévale, consacré aux monnayages mérovingiens armoricains. Son objectif était de mieux appréhender les aspects techniques de l’organisation monétaire, de l’acquisition des métaux à la frappe, et de mettre en place une typochronologie de ces émissions de la fin du VIe au VIIIe siècle après J.-C.
Le village mérovingien de Serris au coeur de la ville nouvelle
Authors: Escher Katalin , Gentili François
Published: November 2015

Von 2005 bis 2007 wurde eine Reihe von medienwirksamen Aktionen durchgeführt : Ausstellungen, 3D Modelle, Modelle, experimentelle Archäologie, Grabungsbesichtigungen, um einen Dialog zwischen den Archäologen, den Mandatsträgern und den Bewohnern der ville nouvelle herzustellen. Dieser Dialog hat zu einer dauerhaften, bescheidenen doch symbolischen Realisierung geführt : der Schaffung eines multimedial-interaktiven Terminals mit einem Modell im Herzen des neuen Stadtzentrums, an der Stelle des Fundplatzes Serris " les Ruelles".
Agglomeration Effects and Firm Performance in Cultural Value Chain
Authors: Usero Belén , Del Brío Jesús
Published: November 2015

The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between location and performance of cultural firms. The authors explore the sources of agglomeration benefits in cultural industries from the supply side and the demand side. In the context of Spain, the results show that the geographic
concentration of cultural firms has a positive and significant influence in firm performance. Moreover, the results show asymmetric benefits of colocation by their position in the cultural value chain. The article discusses specifically the importance of the agglomeration concept for tourism,
notably in some areas of Spain like Madrid or Catalonia. This article includes information to policy makers and entrepreneurs of the importance of business clustering and how cultural industries can generate a greater attraction for tourism.
DNA‐based identification of Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae)
Authors: Schmiderer Corinna , Lukas Brigitte , Ruzicka Joana , Novak Johannes
Published: November 2015

Premise of the study:

For the economically important species Calendula officinalis, a fast identification assay based on high‐resolution melting curve analysis was designed. This assay was developed to distinguish C. officinalis from other species of the genus and other Asteraceae genera, and to detect C. officinalis as an adulterant of saffron samples.

Methods and Results:

For this study, five markers (ITS, rbcL, 5′ trnK‐matK, psbA‐trnH, trnL‐trnF) of 10 Calendula species were sequenced and analyzed for species‐specific mutations. With the application of two developed primer pairs located in the trnK 5′ intron and trnL‐trnF, C. officinalis could be distinguished from other species of the genus and all outgroup samples tested. Adulterations of Calendula DNA in saffron could be detected down to 0.01%.

Conclusions:

With the developed assay, C. officinalis can be reliably identified and admixtures of this species as adulterant of saffron can be revealed at low levels.
Ru complexes of Hoveyda–Grubbs type immobilized on lamellar zeolites: activity in olefin metathesis reactions
Authors: Balcar Hynek , Žilková Naděžda , Kubů Martin , Mazur Michal , Bastl Zdeněk , Čejka Jiří
Published: November 2015

Hoveyda–Grubbs type catalysts with cationic tags on NHC ligands were linker-free immobilized on the surface of lamellar zeolitic supports (MCM-22, MCM-56, MCM-36) and on mesoporous molecular sieves SBA-15. The activity of prepared hybrid catalysts was tested in olefin metathesis reactions: the activity in ring-closing metathesis of citronellene and N,N-diallyltrifluoroacetamide decreased in the order of support MCM-22 ≈ MCM-56 > SBA-15 > MCM-36; the hybrid catalyst based on SBA-15 was found the most active in self-metathesis of methyl oleate. All catalysts were reusable and exhibited low Ru leaching (<1% of Ru content). XPS analysis revealed that during immobilization ion exchange between Hoveyda–Grubbs type catalyst and zeolitic support occurred in the case of Cl− counter anion; in contrast, PF6− counter anion underwent partial decomposition.
A decision-making model to design a sustainable container depot logistic network: the case of the port of Valencia
Authors: Palacio Antonio , Adenso-Díaz Belarmino , Lozano Sebastián
Published: November 2015

In this paper, the design of a maritime container depot logistic network in a hinterland is studied. Containers are a basic tool in multimodal product transportation and all related operations have an impact on the environment due to different externalities such as noise, atmospheric and visual pollution. A three objective optimization model is used to minimize the total network cost, the environmental impact generated by the road transport operations associated with the depots (TI) and the environmental impact generated by the setting up and maintenance of the depots (FI). To determine the environmental impacts of each depot, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) is used in both cases. In addition, a fuzzy multiobjective optimization approach has been used to solve the problem. The application case study is based on the Port of Valencia (Spain).
DATA PRE-PROCESSING FOR NEURAL NETWORK-BASED FORECASTING: DOES IT REALLY MATTER?
Authors: Oscar CLAVERIA Oscar CLAVERIA , MONTE Enric , TORRA Salvador
Published: November 2015

This study aims to analyze the effects of data pre-processing on the forecasting performance of neural network models. We use three different Artificial Neural Networks techniques to predict tourist demand: multi-layer perceptron, radial basis function and the Elman neural networks. The structure of the networks is based on a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) approach. We use official statistical data of inbound international tourism demand to Catalonia (Spain) and compare the forecasting accuracy of four processing methods for the input vector of the networks: levels, growth rates, seasonally adjusted levels and seasonally adjusted growth rates. When comparing the forecasting accuracy of the different inputs for each visitor market and for different forecasting horizons, we obtain significantly better forecasts with levels than with growth rates. We also find that seasonally adjusted series significantly improve the forecasting performance of the networks, which hints at the significance of deseasonalizing the time series when using neural networks with forecasting purposes. These results reveal that, when using seasonal data, neural networks performance can be significantly improved by working directly with seasonally adjusted levels.
Geležies, mangano ir drumstumo kitimas Vilniaus miesto vandentiekyje
Authors: Albrektienė Ramunė
Published: November 2015

Vilniaus miesto gręžtinių šulinių vandenyje yra per dideli kiekiai gamtinės geležies ir mangano, kurių netirpios formos didina vandens drumstumą. Todėl UAB bendrovėje „Vilniaus vandenys“ įdiegti vandens gerinimo įrenginiai, šalinantys iš geriamojo vandens geležį ir manganą ir mažinantys vandens drumstumą. Vandens mėginiai buvo imami iš įvairių vandentiekio tinklo vietų ir atliekami bendrosios geležies, mangano ir drumstumo tyrimai, stebimi šių rodiklių kitimai vandentiekio tinkluose. Nustatyta, kad nors šių rodiklių koncentracijos vandentiekio tinkluose kinta, tačiau neviršija leistinų HN 24:2003 normų.
Vandens skaitiklių patikros įrenginiai ir jų kalibravimo rezultatai
Authors: Bončkus Andrius , Zygmantas Gediminas
Published: November 2015

Lietuvoje yra daugiau kaip 1,5 mln. įvairaus pralaidumo vandens skaitiklių, kurių patikrai įsteigta daugiau kaip dešimt laboratorijų, naudojančių 32 vandens skaitiklių kalibravimo įrenginius. Darbe pateiktos pagrindinės patikros įrenginių schemos ir nurodyti metrologiniai reikalavimai, keliami šiems įrenginiams. Parodyta, kad reikiamų parametrų vandens srautą galima pasiekti dviem būdais – naudojant pastovaus lygio baką arba tiekiant vandenį siurbliais, kai vandens talpykla būna pakankamo dydžio. Pateikti laboratorijų lyginimo rezultatai, gauti kalibruojant daugiasrautį šalto vandens skaitiklį, rodo, kad rezultatų patikimumą lemia ne tik įrangos kokybė, bet ne mažiau svarbi yra ir laboratorijos personalo profesinė kompetencija.
Paviršinių nuotekų nuosėdų (gatvėje ir nuotekų valymo įrenginiuose) granuliometrinės sudėties tyrimai
Authors: Cholomskytė Ginta , Mažeikienė Aušra
Published: November 2015

Vandentvarkoje siekiant optimalaus nuotekų tinklų naudojimo, aktualu įvertinti vandeniui nelaidžiame paviršiuje susidarančių nuosėdų granuliometrinę sudėtį. Straipsnyje pateikti Vilniaus miesto paviršinių nuotekų valymo įrenginiuose sukauptų nuosėdų ir nuo Kalvarijų gatvės važiuojamosios dalies ir Greičiūno g. 35 pramoninės aikštelės paviršiaus surinktų sąšlavų granuliometrinės sudėties tyrimo rezultatai. Tyrimai parodė, kad paviršinių nuotekų valymo įrenginių (Verkių ir Karoliniškių) nuosėdas apie 80 % sudarė pačios smulkiausios dalelės, kurių dydis mažesnis nei 0,25 mm. Nuo važiuojamosios dalies ir pramoninės aikštelės paviršiaus surinktų sąšlavų granuliometrinė sudėtis parodė, kad mažesnės kaip 0,25 mm dalelės sudarė tik 25–35 %. Siekiant išvengti stambesnių teršalų dalelių poveikio nuotekų tinklams, rekomenduojama gatves šluoti.
Nuosėdų, susidarančių paviršinių nuotekų nusodinimo talpose, granuliometrinės sudėties tyrimas
Authors: Laučytė Daiva , Dauknys Regimantas
Published: November 2015

Vienas iš svarbiausių paviršinių nuotekų valymo tikslų – pašalinti skendinčias medžiagas iš paviršinių nuotekų. Šiuo tikslu dažniausiai naudojamos įvairios nusodinimo talpos. Nusodinimo veiksmingumas jose apibūdinamas pagal susidariusių nuosėdų granuliometrinę sudėtį. Šiuo tikslu buvo pasirinkti du Vilniaus mieste esantys paviršinių nuotekų valymo įrenginiai: Karoliniškių ir Verkių. Nustatyta nuosėdų granuliometrinė sudėtis parodė, kad stambesnės dalelės (1–10 mm) nusėdo arčiau įtėkio, t. y. 10 metrų atkarpoje nuo įtėkio, o smulkesnės (0,001–1 mm) – arčiau ištėkio.
Paviršinių nuotekų valymo įrenginiuose susidarantys nuosėdų kiekiai ir jų dinamika ateityje
Authors: Lubytė Ernesta
Published: November 2015

Didėjant paviršinių valymo įrenginių skaičiui, taip pat didėja ir valymo įrenginiuose sukauptų nuosėdų/dumblo kiekiai. Nuosėdos gali būti užterštos įvairiomis organinėmis medžiagomis, naftos produktais ir kitais teršalais. Per metus iš keturių Vilniaus paviršinių nuotekų valymo įrenginių susikaupia apie 700 m3 nuosėdų/dumblo, o įgyvendinus Vilniaus miesto bendrojo plano sprendinius šis kiekis gerokai padidėtų, ir toliau susidarant šioms nuosėdoms 2025 metais jau susikauptų apie 75 600 m3 nuosėdų/dumblo.
Įrengimo sąlygų įtaka srauto matuoklių metrologinėms charakteristikoms
Authors: Maslauskas Eugenijus , Zygmantas Gediminas
Published: November 2015

Darbe nagrinėjama įrengimo sąlygų įtaka elektromagnetinių ir turbininių srauto matuoklių metrologinėms charakteristikoms. Buvo tyrinėti vienodo vardinio skersmens (DN50) matuokliai esant 0,5–50 m3/h debitų diapazonui. Matavimai buvo atlikti, skaitiklius iš abiejų pusių prijungus vadinamaisiais standartiniais vamzdžiais (Dvid = 50,5 mm) – padidinto (55,2 mm) ir sumažinto (46,2 mm) skersmens. Be to, buvo tiriama tarpinių kiaurymės ( ∅ 50, ∅ 45 ir ∅ 40) įtaka. Matavimai parodė, kad turbininis srauto matuoklis jautriausiai reaguoja sumažinus tiek vamzdžio skersmenį, tiek ir tarpinę kiaurymę, o papildoma paklaida dėl skersmens sumažinimo gali padidėti net iki 25 %.
Paviršinių nuotekų taršos ir debito tyrimai Kauno mieste
Authors: Rudys Gediminas , Rimeika Mindaugas
Published: November 2015

Šio darbo tikslas – nustatyti lietaus nuotekų užterštumo kitimą skirtingais metų laikais Kauno mieste. Tyrimams buvo pasirinkti du didžiausi Kauno miesto lietaus nuotekų baseinai, pagal kuriuos galima spręsti apie bendrą miesto teritorijos struktūrą. Tyrimų rezultatai parodė, kad didžiausia problema yra paviršinėse nuotekose skendinčios medžiagos, tuo tarpu organinių teršalų ir naftos produktų koncentracijos nesiekia maksimalaus leistino taršos lygio, leidžiamo išleisti į atvirus vandens telkinius. Todėl pagrindinis lietaus nuotekų valymo tikslas – skendinčių medžiagų pašalinimas.
Paviršinių nuotekų kiekiai iš urbanizuotų ir pramoninių teritorijų Vilniaus mieste
Authors: Sauk Valerijus , Baltrušaitis Martynas , Dauknys Regimantas
Published: November 2015

Urbanizuotos teritorijos plėtra verčia daugiau dėmesio skirti paviršinių nuotekų infrastruktūros plėtrai. Paviršinių nuotekų kiekis ir kokybė yra būtini kriterijai vertinant poveikį aplinkai. Tirti buvo pasirinkta Vilniaus miesto lietaus surinkimo sistema. Paviršinių nuotekų kiekis buvo apskaičiuotas taikant tyrimų metodikoje pateiktas formules. Lietingiausi metai per analizuojamuosius aštuonerius metus (2000–2007) Vilniaus mieste buvo 2006-ieji. Tais metais iš viso susidarė apie 720 00 m3 paviršinių nuotekų, o lietingiausias mėnuo buvo rugpjūtis.
Reliability Testing of the Psychosocial Vital Signs Assessment Tool
Authors: Spade Charlotte M. , Fitzsimmons Kathleen , Houser Janet
Published: November 2015

The current article describes preliminary psychometric testing of the Psychosocial Vital Signs (PVS) Assessment Tool, a tool for assessing psychosocial variables of health to enhance holistic patient-centered care. The five psychometric measurements of the PVS Assessment Tool include four patient self-reporting items: (a) perception, (b) support, (c) coping, (d) anxiety, and one clinician observation item of (e) anxiety level. A simple psychometric design was used for testing the PVS Assessment Tool for internal reliability among the five measurement items and interrater reliability of the clinician observation item of anxiety level. A convenience sample of nursing students was used to test the tool. Thirty-two tools were used for testing internal reliability and 29 paired tools were used for interrater reliability testing of the clinician observation item. A Cronbach's alpha of 0.806 determined satisfactory internal reliability and a Cohen's kappa of 0.808 determined satisfactory interrater reliability. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
, 53(11), 39–45.]
Self-Rated Mental Health: Screening for Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Women Exposed to Perinatal Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Kastello Jennifer C. , Jacobsen Kathryn H. , Gaffney Kathleen F. , Kodadek Marie P. , Bullock Linda C. , Sharps Phyllis W.
Published: November 2015

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the validity of a single-item, self-rated mental health (SRMH) measure in the identification of women at risk for depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Baseline data of 239 low-income women participating in an intimate partner violence (IPV) intervention study were analyzed. PTSD was measured with the Davidson Trauma Scale. Risk for depression was determined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. SRMH was assessed with a single item asking participants to rate their mental health at the time of the baseline interview. Single-item measures can be an efficient way to increase the proportion of patients screened for mental health disorders. Although SRMH is not a strong indicator of PTSD, it may be useful in identifying pregnant women who are at increased risk for depression and need further comprehensive assessment in the clinical setting. Future research examining the use of SRMH among high-risk populations is needed. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services
,
53
(11), 32–38.]
EVALUATION OF INTIMAL HYPERPLASIA AND THROMBOSIS AFTER IMPLANTATION OF PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN IIIa MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY-ELUTING STENT IN NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBIT AORTA OR ILIAC ARTERIES
Authors: Zhang Dechuan , Yin Tieying , Du Feifei , Du Dingyuan , Tan Lili , Gregersen Hans , Wang Guixue
Published: November 2015

Since the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was first introduced into China in 1984, this procedure has become widely accepted as an important step in coronary revascularization. This study aims to evaluate intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis after implantation of platelet glycoprotein IIIa monoclonal antibody (mAb)-eluting stent in the New Zealand white rabbit abdominal aorta or iliac artery by comparing CT angiography and pathological experiments. The antibody-eluting stents were prepared by the passive absorption method. Arterial intima in the stented segment and 0.5 cm adjacent to the stented site were observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cross-sectional staining. Endothelialization and thrombosis on the stent surface were visualized by CT angiography and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technique in animals surviving from 1 to 12 weeks. Compared to stainless steel stents, the surface of antibody-eluting stents was covered with a complete endothelial layer after four weeks. Both CT angiography and pathological results showed intimal hyperplasia (p < 0.05) after 12 weeks. Therefore, pathological methods are the goldern standard for evaluation of intimal hyperplasia while CT angiography has a higher specificity in demonstrating the intimal changes after stent implantation for 12 weeks. The mAb-eluting stent has the potential to prevent thrombosis formation due to the interaction of stent with blood, and decreases the stenosis ratio by inhibiting neointima proliferation.
UNIAXIAL AND BIAXIAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN SAPHENOUS VEIN
Authors: Rassoli Aisa , Fatouraee Nasser , Shafigh Mohammad
Published: November 2015

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death in the world and are closely related to blood dynamics and wall mechanical properties of vessels. This makes the study of mechanical properties of arteries and veins essential. In this regard, study on common vessels used in bypass grafting operations is of special importance due to the frequency of this surgery. Human saphenous vein is one of the vessels used for bypass surgeries. The objective of the present study is to characterize the behavior of human saphenous vein using uniaxial and biaxial planar tests. Forty human saphenous samples were obtained after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). The planar tensile tests were performed on the tissue specimens by applying loads along two directions. These tests provided the force-displacement curves. The stress-strain curves from uniaxial tests were modeled with a mathematical function and the Young modulus was obtained in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. Measured data of uniaxial tests were then fitted into a hyperelastic four-parameter Fung-type model and also an isotropic Mooney–Rivlin model. The biaxial stress-stretch curves were fitted to a hyperelastic anisotropic four-parameter Fung-type model and a five-parameter Mooney–Rivlin model. The specimens showed some degrees of anisotropy. In both uniaxial and biaxial tests, specimens showed stiffer behaviour in longitudinal as opposed to circumferential directions. The stretch ratio in the circumferential direction was much higher than in the longitudinal orientation.
Teaching science and mathematics to students with visual impairments: Reflections of a visually impaired technician
Authors: Maguvhe Mbulaheni
Published: November 2015

This study reports on factors that limit the participation of blind and partially sighted learners in mathematics and science education. Since the teacher, still remains one of the most crucial factors in any education system, the researcher deemed it important to investigate the role of the teacher as understood by a blind technician in promoting the participation of blind and partially sighted learners in mathematics and science subjects, which few of these learners take beyond primary school. A case study was conducted interrogating a blind technician, who regards himself as an unqualified scientist, in his understanding of various school factors that could entice blind and partially sighted learners to participate in mathematics and science education, and to promote their retention in related professions. The participant thus drew from his own experiences of the school environment and wider concentric social institutions. A semi-structured interview schedule was followed and the responses were recorded by mutual consent. Analysis was conducted based on questions put to the participant. The study revealed that teacher motivation and mentorship in mathematics and science methodologies and the use of tools for learner empowerment are lacking. It further revealed that teachers lack the requisite skills in special education to harness learner potential in mathematics and science. This situation necessitates government action in teacher training and development.
Les infections par Toxoplasma Gondii chez les mammifères marins échoués sur les côtes françaises et roumaines
Authors: Le Corre Anne-Claire
Published: November 2015

Toxoplasma gondii infections in stranded marine mammals in France and Romania.

Marine mammals are major sentinel species for the research concerning contamination of marine environment by terrestrial pathogens and are early warnings for the emergence or resurgence of infectious diseases. Protozoal parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp. and the helminth parasites Trichinella spp. can infect many species of marine mammals worldwide. T. gondii and Trichinella spp. zoonotic infections are a matter of concern for human health, because consumption of marine mammal meat is frequent in some regions of the world.

Extensive seroprevalence investigations have been made in some parts of the world, showing a high presence of T. gondii infections in marine animals, yet little is known about it in France and Romania. This study indicates the exposure of cetaceans and pinnipeds from France and Romania to T. gondii and should be pursued by large-scale studies. This is the first report on the detection of T. gondii

antibodies in cetaceans and seals in France and Romania and the first identification of T. gondii in a sperm whale.
Development Impact Fees: A Vehicle or Restraint for Land Development?
Authors: Bae Sang-Seok , Kwon Sung-Wook , Coutts Christopher , Park Sang-Chul , Feiock Richard Clark
Published: November 2015

Although development impact fees have been used by local governments for decades, it is still not well understood how this tool serves its fundamental policy goal of growth management. Previous studies have shown that impact fees can serve as either a vehicle or restraint for land development. By using panel data from Florida counties in the U.S., this study shows that the use of impact fees precipitates local development by increasing the value of developable parcels. Impact fees allow developers to pursue more development activities as they bear the imposed fees.
Summertime ozone formation in Xi'an and surrounding areas, China
Authors: Feng T. , Bei N. , Huang R. , Cao J. , Zhang Q. , Zhou W. , Tie X. , Liu S. , Zhang T. , Su X. , Lei W. , Molina L. T. , Li G.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. In the study, the ozone (O3) formation is investigated in Xi'an and surrounding areas, China using the WRF-CHEM model during the period from 22 to 24 August 2013 corresponding to a heavy air pollution episode with high concentrations of O3 and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm). The WRF-CHEM model generally performs well in simulating the surface temperature and relative humidity compared to the observations and also reasonably reproduces the observed temporal variations of the surface wind speed and direction. The convergence formed in Xi'an and surrounding areas is favorable for the accumulation of pollutants, causing high concentrations of O3 and PM2.5. In general, the calculated spatial patterns and temporal variations of near-surface O3 and PM2.5 are consistent well with the measurement at the ambient monitoring stations. The simulated daily mass concentrations of aerosol constituents, including sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, elemental and organic carbon, are also in good agreement with the filter measurements. High aerosol concentrations in Xi'an and surrounding areas significantly decrease the photolysis frequencies and can reduce near-surface O3 concentrations by more than 50 μg m−3 (around 25 ppb) on average. Sensitivity studies show that the O3 production regime in Xi'an and surrounding areas is complicated, varying from NOx to VOC-sensitive chemistry. The industry emissions contribute the most to the O3 concentrations compared to the natural and other anthropogenic sources, but still do not play a determined role in the O3 formation. The complicated O3 production regime and high aerosol levels constitute a dilemma for O3 control strategies in Xi'an and surrounding areas. In the condition with high O3 and PM2.5 concentrations, decreasing various anthropogenic emissions cannot efficiently mitigate the O3 pollution, and a 50 % reduction of all the anthropogenic emissions only decreases near-surface O3 concentrations by less than 14 % during daytime. Further studies need to be performed for O3 control strategies considering manifest changes of the emission inventory and uncertainties of meteorological field simulations.
Oxidative potential of ambient water-soluble PM2.5 measured by Dithiothreitol (DTT) and Ascorbic Acid (AA) assays in the southeastern United States: contrasts in sources and health associations
Authors: Fang T. , Verma V. , Bates J. T. , Abrams J. , Klein M. , Strickland M. J. , Sarnat S. E. , Chang H. H. , Mulholland J. A. , Tolbert P. E. , Russell A. G. , Weber R. J.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. The ability of certain components of particulate matter to induce oxidative stress through catalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo may be one mechanism accounting for observed linkages between ambient aerosols and adverse health outcomes. A variety of assays have been used to measure this so-called aerosol oxidative potential. We developed a semi-automated system to quantify oxidative potential of filter aqueous extracts utilizing the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay and have recently developed a similar semi-automated system using the ascorbic acid (AA) assay. Approximately 500 PM2.5 filter samples collected in contrasting locations in the southeastern US were analyzed using both assays. We found that water-soluble DTT activity on a per air volume basis was more spatially uniform than water-soluble AA activity. DTT activity was higher in winter than in summer/fall, whereas AA activity was higher in summer/fall compared to winter, with highest levels near highly trafficked highways. DTT activity was correlated with organic and metal species, whereas AA activity was correlated with water-soluble metals (especially water-soluble Cu, r=0.70–0.91 at most sites). Source apportionment models, Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and a Chemical Mass Balance Method with ensemble-averaged source impact profiles (CMB-E), suggest a strong contribution from secondary processes (e.g., organic aerosol oxidation or metal mobilization by formation of an aqueous particle with secondary acids) and traffic emissions to both DTT and AA activities in urban Atlanta. Biomass burning was a large source for DTT activity, but insignificant for AA. DTT activity was well correlated with PM2.5 mass (r=0.49–0.86 across sites/seasons), while AA activity did not co-vary strongly with mass. A linear model was developed to estimate DTT and AA activities for the central Atlanta Jefferson Street site, based on the CMB-E sources that are statistically significant with positive coefficients. The model was used to estimate oxidative potential at this site over the period 1998–2009. Time-series epidemiological analyses were conducted to assess daily emergency department (ED) visits data for the five-county Atlanta metropolitan area based on the estimated 10 year backcast oxidative potential. Results suggest that estimated DTT activity was associated with ED visits for both asthma/wheeze and congestive heart failure, while AA activity was not linked to any health outcomes. The findings point to the importance of both organic components and transition metals from biomass burning and mobile sources to adverse health outcomes in this region.
An optical particle size spectrometer for aircraft-borne measurements in IAGOS-CARIBIC
Authors: Hermann M. , Weigelt A. , Assmann D. , Pfeifer S. , Müller T. , Conrath T. , Voigtländer J. , Heintzenberg J. , Wiedensohler A. , Martinsson B. G. , Deshler T. , Brenninkmeijer C. A. M. , Zahn A.
Published: November 2015

Abstract. The particle number size distribution is an important parameter to characterize the atmospheric aerosol and its influence on the Earth's climate. Here we describe a new Optical Particle Size Spectrometer (OPSS) for measurements of the accumulation mode particle number size distribution in the tropopause region onboard a passenger aircraft (IAGOS-CARIBIC observatory (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System – Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container)). A modified "KS93 particle sensor" from RION Co., Ltd. together with a new airflow system and a dedicated data acquisition system are the key components of the CARIBIC OPSS. The instrument records individual particle pulses in the particle size range 130–1110 nm diameter (for a particle refractive index of 1.47-i0.006 for an upper tropospheric (UT) aerosol particle) and thus allows the post-flight choice of the time resolution and the size distribution bin width. The CARIBIC OPSS has a 50 % particle detection diameter of 152 nm and a maximum asymptotic counting efficiency of 98 %. The instruments measurement performance shows no pressure dependency and no coincidence for free tropospheric conditions. The size response function of the CARIBIC OPSS was obtained by a polystyrene latex calibration in combination with model calculations. Particle number size distributions measured with the new OPSS in the lowermost stratosphere agreed within a factor of two in concentration with balloon-borne measurements over western North America. Since June 2010 the CARIBIC OPSS is deployed once per month in the IAGOS-CARIBIC observatory.
El Evento ‘Museo’: Aportes sobre el campo teórico de la Museología (1955-2015)
Authors: Scheiner Tereza
Published: November 2015

Desde hace mucho tiempo hemos defendido la idea de que Museo no es solo una institución, sino que debe ser entendido también como un proceso, fenómeno, flujo o acontecimiento. En el escenario contemporáneo del conocimiento, es fundamental que se pueda percibir al Museo más allá de su forma institucionalizada: solamente así será posible comprender con alguna precisión y profundidad sus nuevas formas de presentación y las relaciones que se establecen entre este fenómeno y las nuevas representaciones sociales. Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones sobre el tema a partir del análisis de autores del campo museal, haciendo especial énfasis en los argumentos de base teórico-filosófica, o de base comunicacional, a partir de los cuales la Museología se ha estructurado como campo disciplinario.
La exposición temporal temática como lugar de encuentro de la creatividad de los visitantes y del conservador
Authors: Dufresne-Tassé Colette , O’Neill Marie-Clarté , Marin Dana
Published: November 2015

Descripción del proceso creativo del visitante adulto de tipo gran público y de los principios que guían la creatividad del conservador en el momento en que concibe una exposición temporal temática.
Mecánicas emocionales y proyectivas en las estrategias de activación patrimonial y museística
Authors: Díaz Balerdi Iñaki
Published: November 2015

Las mecánicas patrimoniales se han basado tradicionalmente en factores racionales, marginando aquellos de carácter más emotivo o relacional. Además, en los últimos tiempos el sesgo economicista las ha obligado a buscar la rentabilidad y participar en el juego de la oferta y la demanda, con unos resultados muy poco esperanzadores. Cambiar ese estado de cosas pasa por cambiar radicalmente las estrategias puestas en marcha, basarse en la interlocución, conocer las relaciones entre el patrimonio y los colectivos sociales y, sobre todo, cambiar nuestra manera de pensar en el patrimonio.
El uso de los yacimientos arqueológicos musealizados. Contextualización y caracterización de sus visitas en el ámbito de la Costa Brava
Authors: Alcalde Gabriel , Burch Josep
Published: November 2015

A principios del siglo XX el yacimiento arqueológico de Empúries abrió sus puertas a las visitas. Desde aquellos momentos hasta nuestros días numerosos yacimientos de la zona están preparados para ser visitados. Estas actuaciones, en muchas ocasiones, se encuentran relacionadas con su uso como elementos de atracción turística. En este trabajo se analizan las características del uso de estos yacimientos por parte de sus visitantes y se hace un especial hincapié en el interés de situar estas visitas en el contexto más general de las estancias turísticas o las salidas excursionistas.
La creación de valor en el museo y la sociomuseología
Authors: Fernández Dos Reis Díez Ana Mercedes
Published: November 2015

Los museos tienen normalmente mucha dificultad en justificar su existencia y en demostrar su valor real y su contribución al desarrollo de las comunidades a las que sirven. El coste del mantenimiento de un museo, después de inaugurado, nunca parece estar justificado para las tutelas y financiadores que lo promovieron. El museo, grande o pequeño, puede ser un elemento esencial en el desarrollo cultural del conjunto social, pero necesita tener una actividad que lo justifique y que su labor sea reconocida. Para contribuir con eficacia debe compartir con la comunidad su misión y sus actividades y para probar su valor debe tener sistemas de evaluación que permitan verificar si su labor de investigación y acción sobre el patrimonio, de promoción de la cultura y la ciudadanía y de colaboración con escuelas y asociaciones, reduce el fracaso escolar, aumenta la participación en la vida y cultura o contribuye a la cohesión social y a la formación de ciudadanos más responsables y solidarios. La Sociomuseología estudia estos campos de la actividad del museo, acompaña experiencias y propone soluciones a estas dificultades.
La Fundación Manuel Benedito: Problemática de un museo de autor
Authors: Rodríguez de la Esperanza María Jesús
Published: November 2015

Se presenta la Fundación Manuel Benedito como ejemplo de museo privado, sin financiación externa, para explicar cómo es la actualidad de este tipo de instituciones ante la crisis económica y cuál es el futuro que se les presume, dando alternativas para su subsistencia.
Synchronous Diaphragmatic Flutter Secondary to Primary Hypoparathyroidism in a Dog
Authors: Vrabelova Daniela , Gilor Chen , Habing Amy , Schober Karsten E. , Johnson Susan
Published: November 2015

A 3 yr old, spayed, female miniature mchnauzer was presented for rhythmic, spontaneous contractions of the abdominal wall and across the costal arches. The rate of contractions coincided with the heart rate and increased during exercise. The dog was diagnosed with primary hypoparathyroidism based on low plasma ionized calcium and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations. Fluoroscopic exam confirmed the diagnosis of a synchronous diaphragmatic flutter. Treatment of the hypocalcemia led to resolution of the diaphragmatic flutter.
Bilateral temporomandibular joint dislocation in a 26-month-old child: A rare emergency
Authors: Khilji Muhammad Faisal , Malik Aftab Khalid
Published: November 2015

Bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is very rare in children with only three cases previously reported in the literature. We report a case of a 26-month-old female child who presented to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital with complaints of inability to close her mouth and drooling of saliva for the last two hours. Clinical examination and X-ray of the TMJ revealed bilateral TMJ dislocation. Bilateral TMJ reduction was achieved with the Hippocratic method after giving analgesia and procedural sedation. The child was able to close her mouth post-reduction, and was discharged with post-TMJ reduction instructions given to the mother and with maxillofacial clinic follow up. Our report is the first case of a child presenting to the emergency department with bilateral TMJ dislocation.
Tracking access, utilization and health system responsiveness to inform evidence-based health care policy: The case of Qatar
Authors: Hussin Altijani H. , Ali Faleh M.H. , Reka Husein , Gjebrea Orsida
Published: November 2015

Background: From 2004 to 2010, the population of Qatar increased by 128%, from 744,029 to 1,699,435 inhabitants. This sharp rise in population led to declines in per-capita health care personnel and hospital bed capacity. Aims and objectives: To examine patient and provider characteristics associated with health system performance measures, the variation in these measures between Qataris and non-Qataris, and whether these measures have changed over time. Methods: We examine access, utilization, health system responsiveness and satisfaction measures, using multivariate regression analysis based on health surveys from 2006 and 2010. For purposes of representativeness, 2006 analysis applied population weights, and 2010 analysis applied weights constructed by using age, gender, nationality and occupation, based on the 2010 Census. Results: For access, we find no differences between Qataris and non-Qataris in the probability of having a usual source of care (USC). For utilization, Qatari women are 67% more likely than non-Qatari women to have an inpatient stay; both Qatari men and women are more likely to have any outpatient visits (48% and 35%) compared to non-Qataris. For health system responsiveness, for outpatient care, those who go to private clinics report higher ratings than those who go to Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) centers in 2006. Those who go to private clinics, private hospitals and other/employer clinics report higher ratings than those who go to PHCC centers in 2010. For satisfaction with the health care system, non-Qataris are twice as likely as Qataris to report high satisfaction in 2006. Conclusions: We find that satisfaction with outpatient services for public providers is lower than ratings for private providers, most significantly for waiting times (odd ratio of 1.20 [0.15] vs. 0.77 [0.08]). For satisfaction with the health care system, non-Qataris are twice as likely as Qataris to report high satisfaction; although for access, we find no difference between Qataris and non-Qataris in the probability of having a USC.

Policy implications include improving public services, increasing provider capacity and improving access to private providers. In addition, a major policy action was the launch of a mandatory social health insurance scheme in 2013, which enabled choice of provider and access to public and private providers. As such, increased provider capacity, public private partnerships, and competition between public and private providers are likely to improve services among public providers, including waiting times.
Opportunity Types, Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Authors: Hechavarría Diana M. , Welter Chris
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there are differences in the degree of innovation as moderated by the type of opportunity pursued – found or formed – among social and non-social start-ups. The authors aim to further the discussion on opportunity types by drawing on an expansive data set, the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics I and II, to test the notion of opportunity types and their implications for innovation among social entrepreneurs. The findings suggest that social ventures are, on average, considerably more innovative than other kinds of start-ups. Furthermore, the authors find evidence which suggests that social entrepreneurs pursuing formed opportunities are less likely to be innovative.