bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lebensrealität und Rente
Authors: Karger-Kroll Anna
Published: February 2021

The current pension debate focuses primarily on the issue of generational equity. However, this work addresses problems that do not concern intergenerational but intragenerational distribution processes in the statutory pension system: Given the plurality of forms of employment and lifestyles, the ‘structural conservatism’ of this system, including its normative concepts of the conventional employment relationship and the average family, appears to have become a challenge. Accordingly, this work presents inconsistencies and inequalities that result from this confrontation. At the same time, it offers a benchmark that allows for a normative assessment of the discrepancies it points out, viewed from a Christian social–ethical perspective.
Modalités et structures causales dans la philosophie des principes de Damascius
Authors: Pelin Alexandru
Published: February 2021

This book is a puzzle inspired by the fresh, colourful rolling landscapes of Gruyère, where a wise man once asked me, “Does the castle over the mountain exist if nobody sees it?” “Yes,” I answered, “as we have all learned that what we know is not always what reality is.” We agree that theoretical ‘knowledge’ needs practical confirmation within reality. But what if we find reality in its very essence, intelligence or knowledge, as Neoplatonists did? The unknown would become unreal, void. When investigating the existence of a cause of all things—the One origin—Damascius, the last head of Plato’s Academy (which closed in 529), writes about its complete ineffability: its lack of position and absence in relation to reality, whether intelligible or not. This void is further reversed into a theoretical framework that defines causality as a global, systemic condition of the world as a whole.

About the author: Alexandru Pelin is a philosopher and cyber security professional.
Heidegger and the Mystical Tradition
Authors: Schürmann Reiner , Guercio Francesco ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

The text presented here is an edited transcription of a thirteen-page unpublished typescript titled “Heidegger and the Mystical Tradition” by Reiner Schürmann. It dates back to the time following the completion of Schürmann’s book on Meister Eckhart and exhibits the preliminary conception of the former’s famous ‘practical a priori.’ Focusing on the relation between Heidegger’s meditative thinking and a mystical tradition inaugurated by Meister Eckhart, the text retrieves the steps of the latter’s path to Releasement as a practical transformation of existence (Part I). In so doing, it provides a detailed account of Releasement as the condition for a peculiar experience of thinking “in which one fundamental attitude manifests itself throughout an itinerary of human existence and which tends to make this itinerary the very condition for the understanding of truth.” By hinging on Heidegger’s different acceptations of ‘letting-be’—as well as on his verbal understanding of Being as Anwesen (presencing) and Ereignis (appropriation-event)—the text indicates Releasement as the coincidence of Being’s and man’s ways to be and shows how it is in the very “urgency of a new existence and thought” that the proximity between Heidegger and Meister Eckahrt’s mystical tradition comes to the fore.
The Emissary, Act Three
Authors: Marcel Gabriel , Traub Maria , Sweetman Brendan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2021

Act Three of Gabriel Marcel’s play, The Emissary, is presented here in English for the first time. The introductory essay introduces Marcel and several of his best known themes, especially the distinctions between problem and mystery, and primary and secondary reflection. Focusing on the relationship between experience and conceptual knowledge, it discusses Marcel’s attempt to argue philosophically for a return to ordinary experience. The role of drama and art in the recovery of the realm of mystery is also highlighted. The play illustrates these themes at the concrete level as it raises many of the challenging situations and moral dilemmas that emerged from the occupation of France by a brutal enemy during World War II. The realities of deceit, betrayal and blackmail are all in the air, as are real worries about reprisals, violence, and irreparable loss. In a moving, gripping drama, Marcel portrays the occupation as an occasion for deep soul-searching among the characters, in the midst of great suffering and loss, and, rather than passing easy judgment, he suggests a journey toward healing, one inspired by compassion, honesty, courage, and faith.
The Smicronychini of southern Africa (Coleoptera, Curculionidae): Review of the tribe and description of 12 new species
Authors: Haran Julien M.
Published: February 2021

This study reviews the species of the tribe Smicronychini Seidlitz, 1891 found in southern Africa. In total, 18 species are recognized in this region, 12 of them being described as new (Sharpia madibai sp. nov., Afrosmicronyx cycnii sp. nov., A. louwi sp. nov., A. marshalli sp. nov., A. nebulosipennis sp. nov., Smicronyx pseudocoecus sp. nov., S. australis sp. nov., S. drakensbergensis sp. nov., S. gracilipes sp. nov., S. paucisquamis sp. nov., S. san sp. nov., S. similis sp. nov.). The following genera and species are newly reported from this area: Afrosmicronyx Hustache, 1935; Sharpia Tournier, 1873; Smicronyx pauperculus Wollaston, 1864; S. albosquamosus Wollaston, 1854 and S. namibicus Haran, 2018. New host plant taxa and plant associations for the tribe are reported among the families Gentianaceae Juss., Orobanchaceae Vent. and Convolvulaceae Juss. A key to species and images of the habitus of adults and male genitalia are provided.
Histologic and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of 65 Placentas From Women With Polymerase Chain Reaction–Proven Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection
Authors: Levitan Daniel , London Viktoriya , McLaren Rodney A. , Mann Justin David , Cheng Ke , Silver Michael , Balhotra Kimen Singh , McCalla Sandra , Loukeris Kristina
Published: February 2021

Context.—

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to have effects outside of the respiratory system. Placental pathology in the setting of maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains a topic of great interest because earlier studies have shown mixed results.

Objective.—

To ascertain whether maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with any specific placental histopathology, and to evaluate the virus's propensity for direct placental involvement.

Design.—

Placentas from 65 women with polymerase chain reaction–proven SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent histologic evaluation using Amsterdam consensus group criteria and terminology. Another 85 placentas from women without SARS-CoV-2 constituted the negative control group. A total of 64 of the placentas from the SARS-CoV-2–positive group underwent immunohistochemical staining for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein.

Results.—

Pathologic findings were divided into maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion, chronic inflammatory lesions, amniotic fluid infection sequence, increased perivillous fibrin, intervillous thrombi, increased subchorionic fibrin, meconium-laden macrophages (M-LMs) within fetal membranes, and chorangiosis. There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of any specific placental histopathology between the SARS-CoV-2–positive and SARS-CoV-2–negative groups. There was no immunohistochemical evidence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in any of the 64 placentas that underwent staining for viral nucleocapsid protein.

Conclusions.—

Our study results and a literature review suggest that there is no characteristic histopathology in most placentas from women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Likewise, direct placental involvement by SARS-CoV-2 is a rare event.
Procedure for Assessing the Investment Attractivenessof Foreign Markets.Comparative Analysis of Former USSR Countries
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Department Management, Muradyan Andranik
Published: February 2021

One of the natural stages of development of the enterprise is the desire to expand its business abroad. Globalization, global trade integration, technology development, the emergence of political, economic, customs unions, the existence of international courts of arbitration, the emergence of elements of world culture and other factors reduce the barriers between potential investors and countries to internationalization. This phenomenon has a positive impact on the decisions of companies in diff erent parts of the world about the expansion abroad. The main goal of a foreign investor who plans to internationalize is making the most optimal choice of a foreign market where prevailing realities on business environment will enable the achievement of competitive advantage. Because of this, before internationalization, foreign investors should evaluate the investment attractiveness of all potential directions of internationalization in order to be able to realistically assess their own capabilities in these markets and assess all the risks and opportunities that may arise during the operation. The quality of the analysis which assess the level of investment attractiveness of potential directions has a large impact on the success of the company abroad. The article presents the procedure of comparative analysis taking as an example former USSR countries at the macro level.
Social Media Content Headlinesand Their Impact on Attracting Attention
Authors:   Department of Commerce and Marketing, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland, Jeganathan Kishokanth , Szymkowiak Andrzej ,   Department of Commerce and Marketing, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland
Published: February 2021

Social media is an important source of product information for many users. Marketing in social media is based not only on building a community around the brand, but social media is used as a way to reach a defi ned group of users with a marketing message. These users are shown content, including promoted posts, which is to draw their attention, interest and get them to action, i.e. click on the link and read the article promoting an event or product. In this article, we investigated how the diff erent headline wordings (question, traditional, forward referring) aff ect the desire to read the article. An experiment was conducted on 75 participants, which confi rmed that the header has a large eff ect size. The ANOVA analysis was carried out in two stages, additionally taking into account the importance and general interest in the subject of the article by users. Finally, the possible business implications, limitations, and directions for future research were identifi ed.
Cutting Commentary: Celestina, Spectacular Discourse, and the Treacherous Gloss
Authors: Brocato Linde
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Algunas observaciones acerca del comienzo de La Celestina
Authors: Mitxelena Itziar
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
How Many Sisters Had Celestina?: The Function of the Invisible Characters
Authors: Deyermond Alan D.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Hacia una historia de la recepción de Celestina, 1499-1822
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
La resistencia a la tragicomedia: Giraldi Cintio y una polémica sobre Celestina
Authors: Cabranes-Grant Leo
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Actas de comprobación de la existencia de los restos de Fernando de Rojas (1968)
Authors: (Comisión) Ayuntamiento de Talavera de la Reina
Published: February 2021

N/A
La Puebla, Talavera y de Rojas (1993)
Authors: Martín Aragón-Adrada Julián
Published: February 2021

N/A
La Tragicomedia de Calixto y Melibea (1993)
Authors: Valverde Azula I.
Published: February 2021

N/A
«...Y otros treynta officios»: The Definition of a Medieval Woman's Work in Celestina
Authors: Rouhi Leyla
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Celestina de Fernando de Rojas: documento bibliográfico (vigésimo segundo suplemento)
Authors: Snow Joseph T. , Colomina Lola
Published: February 2021

N/A
Bienvenido Morros, ed. La Celestina
Authors: Vicente Luis Miguel
Published: February 2021

N/A
Itziar Michelena, Algunas observaciones acerca del comienzo de «Celestina»
Authors: Martín Óscar
Published: February 2021

N/A
Insultos, pullas y vituperios en Celestina
Authors: Albuixech Lourdes
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Los amores citadinos de Calisto y Melibea
Authors: Lacarra Lanz Eukene
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Celestina como intertexto en La pícara Justina
Authors: Bermúdez Berta
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Dos problemas de interpretación: 1. «Calisto ha seydo» (Auto I, escena 1ª); 2. «No te duele a ti en ese lugar» (Auto XI, última escena)
Authors: Botta Patrizia
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Celestina in Venice: Piety, Pornography, Poligrafi
Authors: Kallendorf Hillaire
Published: February 2021

Este ensayo es una contribución a la historia de la recepción de la Celestina entre escritores y lectores hispanohablantes, y posiblemente judíos, que vivían en Venecia durante los siglos dieciséis y diecisiete. Como tal utiliza la metodología del campo de estudio conocida como la Historia del libro para explorar las circunstancias de producción y consumo de este artefacto cultural. ¿Quién quería publicar una edición en español de la Celestina en Venecia en 1556? ¿Y quién la quería leer? Aun más, ¿quién hubiera querido suprimir o prohibir tal libro? Tras un estudio cuidadoso de los prefacios y dedicatorias, los grabados ilustrativos, el aparato lexicográfico y las anotaciones marginales hechas por dos lectores tempranos distintos, la autora encuentra unas respuestas a estas preguntas en la cultura literaria de los poligrafi y su preocupación binaria entre la piedad y la pornografía.
La traducción catalana de Celestina
Authors: Ugarte Ballester Xus
Published: February 2021

En 1914 se publica la primera y hasta ahora única traducción de Celestina al catalán. Su autor es Antoni Bulbena Tusell (1854–1946), bibliógrafo, gramático y traductor muy prolífico. Bulbena traslada al catalán más de cincuenta obras: castellanas, especialmente de Cervantes, francesas, italianas, inglesas, rusas, etc. El artículo analiza en profundidad las versiones paremiológicas de la Comèdia de Calist & Melibea, por dos razones fundamentales: por un lado, los proverbios en Celestina son esenciales para enriquecer el lenguaje de numerosos personajes y, por el otro, la recopilación de frases proverbiales constituye una de las principales actividades bibliográficas de Bulbena. Éste expone en el proemio los criterios de traducción de los 383 paremias de Celestina, que hemos recogido en forma de anexo, precedidos de la versión original.
La magia en el Entretenimiento de Orfeo y Eurídice
Authors: Lara Alberola Eva
Published: February 2021

Este artículo analiza el aspecto mágico en Orfeo y Eurídice. Entretenimiento, inserto en la Comedia de Santa Catalina, del Padre Hernando de Ávila, que se representó en 1596. En este texto, la hechicería posee un papel muy relevante y se pone en práctica por parte de varios personajes: los gitanos, que reflejan la magia popular o vulgar; Orfeo, que realiza invocaciones a Plutón; y Jumento, el contrapunto burlesco que logra desatar la furia de los infiernos. Por otra parte, se establecen interesantes paralelismos entre esta pieza, La Celestina de Rojas y algunas otras obras pertenecientes al género celestinesco, puesto que existen importantes similitudes.
La parodia de la carta de amores en la Segunda Celestina
Authors: Navarro Gala María Josefa
Published: February 2021

Feliciano de Silva en su Segunda Celestina sigue el tratamiento burlesco del amor que hizo Rojas, pero a través de las cartas de amores que se intercambian tres parejas de extracción social muy diferente. Silva muestra así la extravagante deformación de este género epistolar, que tantos éxitos había cosechado en las admirables obras de Diego de San Pedro, a la vez que ofrece un jocoso muestrario epistolar del que se sirve para denunciar su trivialización y degradación moral.
Fernando de Rojas. La Celestina. Edición, introducción y actividades de Santiago López-Ríos
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
La Celestina y Seniloquium
Authors: Cantalapiedra Erostarbe Fernando
Published: February 2021

El cotejo entre Seniloquium y La Celestina refleja la presencia en ambas obras de unos ciento cincuenta pasajes similares: lugares e ideas comunes, refranes y sentencias, pero ello no implica, ni mucho menos, que exista entre ellas algún tipo de dependencia textual sino sencillamente que están utilizando la misma lengua de uso.
The Theatrics of the Auto de amores in the Tragicomedia called Celestina
Authors: Cocozzella Peter
Published: February 2021

Unas cuantas obras pertenecientes a la segunda mitad del siglo XV, escritas algunas en catalán y otras en castellano, han despertado el interés de un grupo de hispanistas, quienes las consideran representativas del llamado «auto de amores», género poco conocido y prácticamente olvidado. Aquí se intenta revalidar el género, indagando la viabilidad de esas obras como piezas teatrales. A la vez  se explora la función primordial del auto de amores como exemplum, a base del cual es  posible  elaborar  una  composición  literaria  de  extraordianria  complejidad.  Se perfila, así, la hipótesis de un caso especial de integración —el que atañe al proceso de asimilación del auto en cuestión en el plan estructural de la Tragicomedia de Calisto y Melibea.
Manuel da Costa Fontes, The Art of Subversion in Inquisitorial Spain. Rojas and Delicado. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 2005
Authors: Conde Juan Carlos
Published: February 2021

N/A
Celestina sic et non: ¿libro escolar-universitario?
Authors: Canet Vallés José Luis
Published: February 2021

Se plantea en este artículo la posibilidad de que la Celestina haya nacido en un ambiente universitario, en este caso el de la Universidad de Salamanca, y estuviera pensada la obra para un público escolar-universitario, propiciada su edición en la imprenta por diferentes corrientes intelectuales que promueven la reforma de la enseñanza, con la posible intervención de Alonso de Proaza como editor.
La Celestina en el Índice: Argumentos de una censura
Authors: Gagliardi Donatella
Published: February 2021

¿Debe considerarse la Celestina obra perversa y pervertidora o más bien un libro de moralidad ejemplar? ¿Puede su final catártico compensar las blasfemias y los deleites lascivos que la constelan? ¿La malicia está sólo en los ojos de los lectores viciosos o acecha escondida en los renglones del texto? Éstas y otras cuestiones son las que religiosos y preceptistas fueron planteándose, con creciente inquietud, a medida que se consolidaba el éxito editorial de la Tragicomedia. El presente artículo hace un recorrido por tres siglos de censura literaria, reconstruyendo y analizando los argumentos de los moralistas que acabaron por determinar, a finales del XVIII, la condena integral de la Celestina.
La Celestina. Versión de Daniel Suárez Marzal. Teatro Rehio (Buenos Aires). Octubre-Noviembre de 2007
Authors: Zubillaga Carina
Published: February 2021

N/A
La conciencia de Melibea
Authors: Mier Laura
Published: February 2021

En este trabajo analizo cómo Melibea es un personaje caracterizado coherentemente por su conciencia, su gran conocimiento de sí misma y del lugar en el que vive, teniendo en cuenta las diferentes perspectivas y teorías que han analizado este personaje previamente. Su comportamiento es fácilmente comprensible teniendo en cuenta su pertenencia a la esfera privada y pública de la sociedad y el juego que lleva a cabo entre las dos para conseguir vivir el amor sin consecuencias públicas, cosa que queda truncada al morir Calisto en su propia casa.
Las tres primas del entorno celestinesco y una nota sobre el tema del linaje
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

Este estudio pretende escudriñar el texto celestinesco para reunir toda la evidencia relevante al probable parentesco real entre Elicia, Areusa, y Lucrecia, las «tres primas». Esta documentado que «prima» era un término afectuoso entre las mujeres trabajando en la prostitución: en Celestina, sin embargo, sin excluir ese sentido al referirse a las tres mujeres estudiadas, parece demostrable que un verdadero parentesco de sangre une a las tres.
In memoriam, Alan Deyermond
Authors: Canet Vallés José Luis
Published: February 2021

N/A
La melancolía de Calisto
Authors: Morros Mestres Bienvenido
Published: February 2021

Rojas evita mencionar la palabra melancolía porque no quiere incurrir en la contradicción de relacionar ese temperamento con la enfermedad de amor que ha decidido atribuir a su protagonista. Estaba al corriente de las ideas que al respecto habían formulado los médicos más importantes de la Edad Media. De todas ellas comulga con las que había sostenido Bernardo Gordonio en su obra titulada Lilio de la medicina. El profesor de Montpellier había creído que la terapia sexual no era demasiado eficaz para combatir la enfermedad de amor porque la provocaba un  temperamento, el melancólico, poco apto para su práctica. En la Celestina, no acaba de estar claro por qué Calisto no se ha curado de su enfermedad: si por haber practicado poco o mucho la terapia sexual.
José Antonio Bernaldo de Quirós, «Comedia de Calisto y Melibea». Hacia «La Celestina» anterior a Fernando de Rojas, Madrid, ed. Manuscritos, 2010. 270 pp.
Authors: Prieto de la Iglesia Remedios
Published: February 2021

N/A
«El falso boezuelo con su blando cencerrar»: or The Pantomime Ox Revisited
Authors: Seniff Dennis P.
Published: February 2021

No disponible.
Ciriaco Morón Arroyo, 2nd ed., Sentido y forma de la «Celestina»
Authors: Corfis Ivy A.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Regula Rohland de Langbehn, ed. Fernando de Rojas, Celestina
Authors: Snow Joseph T.
Published: February 2021

N/A
Conectados y enganchados (al teléfono móvil inteligente)
Authors: Ollé Candela
Published: February 2021

¿Al entrar en un transporte público has mirado alguna vez a tu alrededor y has contado cuántos pasajeros están con los ojos clavados en la pantalla del teléfono móvil? O a la salida de una escuela, ¿te has fijado en cuántos padres reciben a sus hijos mientras utilizan el teléfono? Estamos constantemente conectados —solo nos supera Singapur en número de teléfonos inteligentes por habitante—, pero ¿podemos decir que también estamos enganchados? El programa #SalvadosConectados nos sirve para iniciar la reflexión.
Kafka y la felicidad
Authors: Creus Amalia
Published: February 2021

Mucho se ha especulado sobre la relación entre la tristeza y la creatividad. Las raíces de esta idea se remontan a la antigüedad; Aristóteles ya había señalado la tendencia a la melancolía de las personalidades geniales, una apreciación que, a lo largo de la historia, ha calado en nuestro imaginario gracias a artistas, escritores y poetas con vidas desgarradas, experiencias trágicas y sentimientos encontrados. Vincent Van Gogh, Ernest Hemingway, Edvard Munch o Camille Claudel son, entre muchos, ejemplos emblemáticos.
¿No tenemos escapatoria? Publicidad intrusiva a prueba de bloqueos
Authors: Compte Pujol Marc
Published: February 2021

Pocas cosas dan más rabia que los anuncios intrusivos que nos persiguen allá donde vamos, y muy especialmente en el contexto digital. No importa qué hacemos ni si lo hacemos desde un ordenador o desde un dispositivo móvil. Internet se ha convertido en las Guillerias del s. XXI, llenas de bandoleros esperando asaltarnos cuando menos lo esperamos. Quizá no nos roban nuestras posesiones materiales, como hacían con nuestros antepasados, pero sí que nos roban nuestro tiempo y nuestra paciencia.
La protección del menor en internet: antecedentes y desafíos
Authors: Clares Gavilán Judith
Published: February 2021

Las nuevas redes sociales y las nuevas plataformas de consumo audiovisual bajo demanda con contenido en abierto como YouTube se presentan como muy golosas para las nuevas generaciones.
Rosas y films
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: February 2021

Este 21 de abril se inaugura el I Festival Internacional de Cine de Barcelona - Sant Jordi (BCN Film Fest), un nuevo evento cultural que nace con vocación de convertirse en un referente dentro del denso ecosistema de festivales cinematográficos albergados por la ciudad. Su fórmula incluye treinta y cinco películas, ocho días para disfrutarlas, invitados tan ilustres como Bertrand Tavernier o Richard Gere, una apuesta decidida por el componente educativo y un lema: “Un día para el libro y la rosa... una semana para el cine”.
The kinase PDK1 is critical for promoting T follicular helper cell differentiation
Authors: Sun Zhen , Yao Yingpeng , You Menghao , Liu Jingjing , Guo Wenhui , Qi Zhihong , Wang Zhao , Wang Fang , Yuan Weiping , Yu Shuyang
Published: February 2021

The kinase PDK1 is a crucial regulator for immune cell development by connecting PI3K to downstream AKT signaling. However, the roles of PDK1 in CD4+ T cell differentiation, especially in T follicular helper (Tfh) cell, remain obscure. Here we reported PDK1 intrinsically promotes the Tfh cell differentiation and germinal center responses upon acute infection by using conditional knockout mice. PDK1 deficiency in T cells caused severe defects in both early differentiation and late maintenance of Tfh cells. The expression of key Tfh regulators was remarkably downregulated in PDK1-deficient Tfh cells, including Tcf7, Bcl6, Icos, and Cxcr5. Mechanistically, ablation of PDK1 led to impaired phosphorylation of AKT and defective activation of mTORC1, resulting in substantially reduced expression of Hif1α and p-STAT3. Meanwhile, decreased p-AKT also suppresses mTORC2-associated GSK3β activity in PDK1-deficient Tfh cells. These integrated effects contributed to the dramatical reduced expression of TCF1 and ultimately impaired the Tfh cell differentiation.
Divergence in alternative polyadenylation contributes to gene regulatory differences between humans and chimpanzees
Authors: Mittleman Briana E , Pott Sebastian , Warland Shane , Barr Kenneth , Cuevas Claudia , Gilad Yoav
Published: February 2021

While comparative functional genomic studies have shown that inter-species differences in gene expression can be explained by corresponding inter-species differences in genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, co-transcriptional mechanisms, such as alternative polyadenylation (APA), have received little attention. We characterized APA in lymphoblastoid cell lines from six humans and six chimpanzees by identifying and estimating the usage for 44,432 polyadenylation sites (PAS) in 9518 genes. Although APA is largely conserved, 1705 genes showed significantly different PAS usage (FDR 0.05) between species. Genes with divergent APA also tend to be differentially expressed, are enriched among genes showing differences in protein translation, and can explain a subset of observed inter-species protein expression differences that do not differ at the transcript level. Finally, we found that genes with a dominant PAS, which is used more often than other PAS, are particularly enriched for differentially expressed genes.
Theory for the optimal detection of time-varying signals in cellular sensing systems
Authors: Malaguti Giulia , ten Wolde Pieter Rein
Published: February 2021

Living cells often need to measure chemical concentrations that vary in time, yet how accurately they can do so is poorly understood. Here, we present a theory that fully specifies, without any adjustable parameters, the optimal design of a canonical sensing system in terms of two elementary design principles: (1) there exists an optimal integration time, which is determined by the input statistics and the number of receptors; and (2) in the optimally designed system, the number of independent concentration measurements as set by the number of receptors and the optimal integration time equals the number of readout molecules that store these measurements and equals the work to store these measurements reliably; no resource is then in excess and hence wasted. Applying our theory to the Escherichia coli chemotaxis system indicates that its integration time is not only optimal for sensing shallow gradients but also necessary to enable navigation in these gradients.
The temporal and spectral characteristics of expectations and prediction errors in pain and thermoception
Authors: Strube Andreas , Rose Michael , Fazeli Sepideh , Büchel Christian
Published: February 2021

In the context of a generative model, such as predictive coding, pain and heat perception can be construed as the integration of expectation and input with their difference denoted as a prediction error. In a previous neuroimaging study (Geuter et al., 2017) we observed an important role of the insula in such a model but could not establish its temporal aspects. Here, we employed electroencephalography to investigate neural representations of predictions and prediction errors in heat and pain processing. Our data show that alpha-to-beta activity was associated with stimulus intensity expectation, followed by a negative modulation of gamma band activity by absolute prediction errors. This is in contrast to prediction errors in visual and auditory perception, which are associated with increased gamma band activity, but is in agreement with observations in working memory and word matching, which show gamma band activity for correct, rather than violated, predictions.
Rapport om tidlig marin ressursutnyttelse i Altafjord-området basert på tidlige historiske kilder
Authors: Henriksen Jørn Erik
Published: February 2021

Rapporten er en kommentert gjennomgang av et bredt utvalg eldre skriftlige kilder, relevante faghistoriske studier og lokalhistorisk litteratur vedrørende utnyttelse av marine/akvatiske ressurser i Altafjordområdet. Siktemålet var å utrede opplysninger om hvilke ressurser som tradisjonelt har blitt utnyttet til hvilke tider og i hvilke deler av undersøkelsesområdet. Redskapstyper og fangstteknologi benyttet i utnyttelse av akvatiske ressurser, er så langt mulig redegjort for. Det antydes hvilke ressurser og fangstmetoder som kan ha vært anvendt også i forhistorisk tid.
Kildene ga inntrykk av en fiskerik fjord med de rikeste havfiskeriene i fjorden nord for Talvik, sommer som vinter. Håndsnørefiske var den dominerende fisketeknologien frem til 17-1800-tallet, men kildene viser variasjon i eldre fiskemetoder.  Fiskerier i de grunnere fjordbunnene har i perioder vært økonomisk lønnsomme.  Semi-passive fiskeredskaper har i forhistorien mest sannsynlig vært brukt på grunne havpartier.
Laksefiskeriene i Altaelva dominerer kildene fullstendig med hensyn til utnyttelse av anadrom fisk. Intensivt stengsel- og garn/notfiske dominerte, men bruk av tradisjonelle fiskemetoder som lystring og enklere varianter av stengselfiske fortsatte inn i moderne tid.
Kildene gir inntrykk av gode forekomster av fjordkobbe over det meste av fjorden. Områdene ved Rafsbotn og partier av Altaelva er eneste område av fjorden beskrevet som særskilt gode fangststeder for fjordkobbe.
Kildene fremhever de rike forekomstene av hval generelt i Altafjorden, men fokuserte spesielt på store bardehvalarter i området ved Bossekop – Rafsbotn og Talvik vinterstid.
Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of a mitochondrial membrane-associated protein Cbs2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wu Dan , Zhu Guanyu , Zhang Yufei , Wu Yan , Zhang Chunlei , Shi Jiayi , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yuan Xiaohuan
Published: February 2021

Background

Mitochondria are unique organelles that are found in most eukaryotic cells. The main role of the mitochondria is to produce ATP. The nuclear genome encoded proteins Cbs1 and Cbs2 are located at the mitochondrial inner membrane and are reported to be essential for the translation of mitochondrial cytochrome b mRNA. Genetic studies show that Cbs2 protein recognizes the 5′ untranslated leader sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b mRNA. However, due to a lack of biochemical and structural information, this biological process remains unclear. To investigate the structural characteristics of how Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) Cbs2 tethers cytochrome b mRNA to the mitochondrial inner membrane, a preliminary X-ray crystallographic study was carried out and is reported here.

Methods

The target gene from S. cerevisiae was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The PCR fragment was digested by the NdeI and XhoI restriction endonucleases and then inserted into expression vector p28. After sequencing, the plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli C43 competent cells. The selenomethionine derivative Cbs2 protein was overexpressed using M9 medium based on a methionine-biosynthesis inhibition method. The protein was first purified to Ni2+-nitrilotriacetate affinity chromatography and then further purified by Ion exchange chromatography and Gel-filtration chromatography. The purified Se-Cbs2 protein was concentrated to 10 mg/mL. The crystallization trials were performed using the sitting-drop vapor diffusion method at 16 °C. The complete diffraction data was processed and scaled with the HKL2000 package and programs in the CCP4 package, respectively.

Results

Cbs2 from S. cerevisiae was cloned, prokaryotic expressed and purified. The analysis of the size exclusion chromatography showed that the Cbs2 protein peaked at a molecular weight of approximately 90 KDa. The crystal belonged to the space group C2, with unit-cell parameters of a = 255.11, b = 58.10, c = 76.37, and β = 95.35°. X-ray diffraction data was collected at a resolution of 2.7 Å. The Matthews coefficient and the solvent content were estimated to be 3.22 Å 3 Da-1 and 61.82%, respectively.

Conclusions

In the present study Cbs2 from S. cerevisiae was cloned, expressed, purified, and crystallized for structural studies. The molecular weight determination results indicated that the biological assembly of Cbs2 may be a dimer.The preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies indicated the presence of two Cbs2 molecules in the asymmetric unit. This study will provide an experimental basis for exploring how Cbs2 protein mediates cytochrome b synthesis.
Mental health status and quality of life in elderly patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Tang Min , Wang Song-Hao , Li Hui-Lin , Chen Han , Sun Xin-Yi , Bian Wei-Wei , Sheng Jing , Ma Shao-Jun
Published: February 2021

Background

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among elderly individuals. Patients with CHD are at high risk for mental health disorders, and psychological issues may affect the quality of life (QoL) of these patients. Nevertheless, there is little evidence regarding the psychological issues and QoL of patients with CHD among the elderly population. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between comorbidities and mental status as well as QoL among elderly patients with CHD.

Methods

Overall, 216 patients were included in this cross-sectional, observational, single-center study. The demographics and clinical manifestations of the patients were collected from electronic medical records. All patients were interviewed using the Chinese version of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) to assess the mental health status and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) to assess the QoL.

Results

In total, 96 men and 120 women, with a mean age of 71.69 ±  8.30 years, were included. When controlling for the patients’ sex, marital status and stroke, multiple stepwise linear regression analyses suggested that for CHD patients, comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus had the significant influence on average positive factors (Coef., 5.809; 95% CI [2.467–9.152] p = 0.001); when controlling for the patients’ sex, marital status and type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple stepwise linear regression analyses suggested that for CHD patients, comorbid stroke had the significant influence on average positive factors (Coef., 8.680; 95% CI [4.826–12.534]; p < 0.001); when controlling for the patients’ sex, marital status, type 2 diabetes mellitus and stroke, multiple stepwise linear regression analyses suggested that for CHD patients, comorbid primary hypertension had the significant influence on phobic anxiety (Coef., 0.178; 95% CI [0.010–0.347]; p = 0.038).

Conclusions

For elderly CHD patients, comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and stroke were at risk for psychological problems and lower QoL. Our findings may guide patients and clinicians to make better decisions and achieve better outcomes.
Biomarker identification of isolated compartments of the cell wall, cytoplasm and vacuole from the internodal cell of characean Nitellopsis obtusa
Authors: Gylytė Brigita , Jurkonienė Sigita , Cimmperman Reda , Šveikauskas Vaidevutis , Manusadžianas Levonas
Published: February 2021

Cells of characean algae are attractive for plant cell physiologists because of their large size and their close relation to higher plant cells. The objective of our study was to evaluate the purity of the compartments (cell wall, cytoplasm with plastids, mitochondria, nuclei and endomembrane system, and vacuole) separated mechanically from the internodal cells of Nitellopsis obtusa using enzymatic markers. These included α-mannosidase and malate dehydrogenase, vacuolar and cytoplasmic enzymes, respectively. The biomarkers applied revealed the degree of compartment contamination with the material from unwanted cell parts. The cell wall was contaminated slightly by vacuole and cytoplasm residuals, respectively by 12.3 and 1.96% of corresponding biomarker activities. Relatively high activity of vacuolar marker in the cell wall could be associated with the cell vacuoles in the multicellular structure of the nodes. The biomarkers confirmed highly purified vacuolar (99.5%) and cytoplasmic (86.7%) compartments. Purity estimation of the cell fractions enabled reevaluating nCuO related Cu concentrations in the compartments of charophyte cell. The internalisation of CuO nanoparticles in N. obtusa cell occurred already after 0.5h. In general, the approach seems to be useful for assessing the accumulation and distribution of various xenobiotics and/or metabolites within plant cell. All this justifies N.obtusa internodal cells as a model organism for modern studies in cell biology and nanotoxicology.
Comprehensive analysis of AHL gene family and their expression under drought stress and ABA treatment in Populus trichocarpa
Authors: Wang Hanzeng , Leng Xue , Yang Jia , Zhang Mengqiu , Zeng Minzhen , Xu Xuemei , Wang Fude , Li Chenghao
Published: February 2021

The AT-hook motif nuclear-localized (AHL) family is a plant transcription factor family, which plays an important role in growth and development and stress responses. We identified and analyzed 37 AHL genes in poplar (Populus trichocarpa). Phylogenetic analysis classified the PtrAHL members into three subfamilies based on their conserved domain. All PtrAHL paralogous pairs evolved under purifying selection. The promoter analysis revealed the presence of stress-related and phytohormone-related cis-elements of the PtrAHL genes. Our analysis of the tissue-specific expression pattern of PtrAHL genes indicated their significance in tissue and organ development. Network-based prediction suggested that PtrAHL genes may interact with histone deacetylases (HDAC) and participate in the development of organs, such as roots. Drought negatively impacts plant growth and development. ABA is produced under osmotic stress condition, and it takes an important part in the stress response and tolerance of plants. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that PtrAHL genes were induced by drought stress and ABA treatment. These insights into the expression of PtrAHL genes under stress provide a basis for PtrAHL gene functional analysis. Our study will help develop new breeding strategies to improve drought tolerance in poplar.
Quality Indicators for Error Minimisation in Histopathology: Experience at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Azad Sheenam , Kala Pooja Sharma
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Quality Indicators (QI) are parameters defined by Quality Management System (QMS) in a laboratory to assess and monitor quality of results generated. A regular and periodic review of these QI also help improves the quality of laboratory results. These QI are often under-utilised or less commonly followed-up in histopathology laboratory/Surgical Pathology. Aim: This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate QI and their role in improving the quality in histopathology. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in histopathology laboratory of a Tertiary Care Hospital and Teaching Institute located in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India from January, 2016 to June, 2018. A set of nine QI were evaluated biannually and the data was analysed using ANOVA test followed by Post-hoc Tukey’s test. Results: During the study period, number of unacceptable samples (QI-1) was zero. Number of errors at registration and/or accession (QI-2) was five (0.05% with respect to total number of specimens). Completeness of equipment (QI-3) and performance in External Quality Assurance Programs (EQAP) (QI-4) were satisfactory throughout. Number of amended reports (QI-5) were three (0.03%). There were two (0.02%) complaints/negative feedbacks from users (QI-7). QI-8 (laboratory safety and environment) and QI-9 (effectiveness of document control system) were maintained during the study period. Turn Around Time (TAT) (QI-6) as a QI which was deranged mostly (4.5%). Reasons for delayed TAT were further analysed. It was found that pre-analytical factors were the common and statistically significant reasons behind the delayed TAT as compared to analytical and post-analytical ones. Root cause analysis and future preventive actions were undertaken accordingly to improve the quality. Conclusion: Periodical review of QI helps in understanding the flaws in the analytic cycle and appropriate actions undertaken accordingly helps in improving the quality in histopathology.
Salmonella Newport Gastroenteritis in an Adult- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Baby Poornima , Babu Aishwarya
Published: February 2021

Salmonella Newport is a major cause of food-borne infection which occurs due to consumption of contaminated food items. Stool sample from a suspected case of enteric fever was received in the Central Microbiology Laboratory of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Southern India. The bacterial isolate was identified on the basis of Gram Staining, cultural characteristics and biochemical reactions as Salmonella species. Agglutination for serotyping was done and it was found to be agglutinable by only Polyvalent O antiserum. For further speciation, the isolate was sent to the National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (NICED), Kolkata, West Bengal, India and was identified as Salmonella enterica serotype Newport. The patient responded well to ciprofloxacin therapy. As the diagnosis of Non-Typhoidal Salmonellosis (NTS) is often challenging, patients with suspected Salmonella infections are usually given empirical antibiotic therapy which can cause an increase in drug resistant NTS.
D-dimer: A Marker of Severity in COVID-19
Authors: Saravanan B , Vasuki S , Pabithadevi BM , Saradha M , Erusan R Raskin , Alagesan S , Kalyanaraman Shantaraman
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The ever-growing number of COVID-19 patients stresses upon the need to identify effective yet readily available predictors of disease severity to ensure better clinical outcomes. D-dimer is a fibrin specific degradation product derived by enzymatic action of plasmin on factor XIIIa cross-linked fibrin. It serves as an ideal marker for activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. Identification of coagulopathy as an important complication in COVID-19 patients has brought to focus D-dimer as a possible predictor of clinical severity in patients. Aim: In this study, we analysed the role of D-dimer levels in assessing the clinical severity of the COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 217 in-patients of Tirunelveli Medical College in this single centre observational study and classified them into asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe according to “Clinical Management Protocol: COVID 19”, by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Director General of Health Services. D-dimer was estimated in the separated plasma, using latex based assay using semi-automated coagulation analyser. Data were presented as percentages for categorical variables and median±Inter Quartile Range (IQR) for continuous variables. Chi-square test was used to compare the D-dimer values between symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the 217 cases, 88.9% were asymptomatic cases, 8.8% presented with mild clinical severity and 2.3% had moderate clinical presentation. In our study population, the Mean±SD and Median±IQR of D-dimer values (in ng/mL) were 223.4±230.6 and 157.0±187.7, respectively. The mean D-dimer value was found to increase as the category of our study group ascended from asymptomatic patients to mild and moderate clinical cases. It was noted that 91.1% of the cases who had D-dimer values <500 ng/mL were asymptomatic. Also, the odds of patients with high levels of D-dimer being clinically symptomatic was 5.5 times more than the odds of patients with D-dimer levels <500 ng/mL. Conclusion: Elevation of D-dimer levels associated with the severity of clinical course of patients infected with SARS CoV-2 when compared to patients with mild or asymptomatic clinical presentations.
Urbanization, Carbon Dioxide Emission, and Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria
Authors: Akomolafe Kehinde John , Madu Anigbogu Chukwuebuka , Ebenezer Alatise Kayode
Published: February 2021

This study examines the effects of carbon dioxide emission and urbanisation on total agricultural production, livestock production and crop production in Nigeria. The data span from 1981 to 2014. In other to avoid endogeniety problem, the relationship among the variables was modelled using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result implies that carbon dioxide emission impacts total agricultural, total livestock and total crop production positively, but it was negative in the case of urbanization. More so, the effect of carbon dioxide emission and urbanization increase overtime.