bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electroosmotic Drag Coefficient of Proton Exchange Membrane as a Function of Relative Humidity
Authors: Braff William , Mittelsteadt Cortney K.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Degradation Investigation of PEM Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts under an Accelerated Electrochemical Stressing: Support Corrosion
Authors: Shao Yuyan , Kou Rong , Wang Jun , Viswanathan Vish , Kwak Ja Hun , Liu Jun , Wang Yong , Lin Yuehe
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Enhancing the Performance of Non-noble Metal Catalysts for the Reduction of O2 in PEM Fuel Cells: Is the Adsorption of Iron the Limiting Factor for Increasing the Site Density of the Catalysts?
Authors: Herranz Juan , Lefèvre Michel , Dodelet Jean-Pol
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In Situ and Real Time Monitoring of Electrochemical Oxidation Behaviors Occurred at Platinum Nanoparticles' Surface
Authors: Imai Hideto
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Pt Assisted Carbon Corrosion Behavior in PEMFC Electrode
Authors: Park Sangsun , Lee Junghyun , Kim Jinson , Shul Yonggun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Temperature Dependence of Oxygen Reduction Activity at Carbon-Supported Pt Alloy Catalysts Prepared by the Nanocapsule Method
Authors: Yano Hiroshi , Sakamoto Jun , Okaya Kazuki , Uchida Makoto , Uchida H. , Watanabe Masahiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
PtRu Multilayer Nanorods with Controllable Bimetallic Sites as Methanol Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: Yoo Sung Jong , Kim Dong-Yu , Sung Yung-Eun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Current Mapping of a Diagnostic Modeling Cell
Authors: Yuan Xiao Zi , Gu Elton , Sun Colin , Wang Haijiang , Wu Jinfeng , Martin Jonathan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A First Principles Study of the Poisoning Effects of Sulfur on Pt3Co(111)
Authors: Pillay Devina , Johannes Michelle D. , Baturina Olga , Garsany Yannick , Swider-Lyons Karen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrocatalyst Design for an Elevated Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Bocarsly Andrew B. , Niangar Ellazar
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Composite Electrode Elaboration in Aqueous Media for LiFePO4: Feasibility and Processing
Authors: Porcher Willy , Jouanneau Severine , Lestriez Bernard , Guyomard Dominique
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Investigation of Nonlinear Mechanisms Governing Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Performance
Authors: Kreller Cortney R. , Adler Stuart
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electric-Field Effects in Solid-State Ionic Devices
Authors: Blackburn Bryan M. , Van Assche F. Martin , Wachsman E. D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
SAXS/DSC/WAXD Study of Polymer Electrolyte for Zn Rechargeable Nanostructured Galvanic Cells
Authors: Turkovc Aleksandra , Dubcek Pavo , Pavlovic Mladen , Lucic-Lavcevic Magdy , Rakic Mario , Bernstorff Sigrid
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Cell Manipulation System for Single-Cell Microarray Analysis
Authors: Matsunaga Tadashi , Tanaka Tsuyoshi , Takeyama Haruko
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Preparation of BaxSr1-xTiO3 Films on TiN/Si by a Hydrothermal-Galvanic Couple Method
Authors: Chan Pei-Hsuan , Lu Fu-Hsing
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Measurement of Hydrogen Entry from Chloride Containing Basic Solution during Wet and Dry Corrosion Cycles
Authors: Komatsu Atsushi , Nishikata Atsushi , Tsuru Tooru
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect of Pyridine on Mild Steel Corrosion in 1 M HCl in the Absence and Presence of Potassium Iodide
Authors: Baghaei Ravari Fatemeh , Dadgarinezhad Athareh
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A Wireless Sensor for Monitoring Corrosion and Chloride
Authors: Srinivasan Rengaswamy , Carkhuff Bliss , Phillips Terry
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Devitrification of Fe-Based Amorphous Metal SAM1651 and the Thermal Effect on Corrosion Behavior
Authors: Ha Hung , Miller Jason , Payer Joe H.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Metallurgical and Physical Factors in Improving the Corrosion Resistance of Thermally Sprayed Semi-Amorphous Al-Co-Ce Coatings
Authors: Tailleart Nicole R. , Gauthier Ben , Eidelman Shmuel , Scully J. R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Behaviour of Ti-based Bulk Metallic Glass and Nano-crystalline Alloys for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Qin Fengxiang , Wang Xinmin , Kawashima Asahi , Asami Katsuhiko , Sugiyama Naota , Yoshimura Masahiro , Inoue Akihisa
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Corrosion Behavior of Steel re-bars in Mortar, Containing Waste Products
Authors: Koleva Dessi , Van Breugel Klaas , De Wit J.H.W.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Hybrid Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells with Anatase Titanium dioxide Nanotubes Arrays from Liquid Phase Deposition using ZnO Template
Authors: Rattanavoravipa Thitima , Sagawa Takashi , Yoshikawa Susumu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrodeposition of Cu-ZnO and Mn-Cu-ZnO Nanowires/tubes for Synthesis of Ethanol
Authors: Gupta Mayank , Kalpathi Vinod , Spivey James
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Photo-Curable Polymer/Silica nanocomposite for Passivation of Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)
Authors: Shin Hyunho , Choi Sung-Hwan , Han Bo-Yong , Kim Kyungpil , Yoo Jae-Soo , Kim Chang-Keun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrical Properties of high-k ALD HfO2 deposited on strained Si Layers Epitaxially grown on Si0.8Ge0.2/Si Substrates
Authors: Shrestha Pragya R. , Gu Diefeng , Tapily Kandabara , Baumgart H.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Enhanced Photonic Band Gap and Defect Structure of Diamond Based Photonic Crystals using ALD Hafnium Oxide Coating
Authors: Thitsa Makhin , Gu Diefeng , Baumgart H. , Albin Sacharia
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Hot Carrier Reliability of ALD HfSiON Gated MOSFETs with Different Compositions
Authors: Chen H. W. , Chen S. Y. , Liu C. H. , Chiu F. C. , Huang H. S.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Al2O3/ZrO2/Al2O3 High-k Dielectric Stacks on Germanium Substrates Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition at High and Low Temperatures
Authors: Bethge Ole , Abermann Stephan , Henkel Christoph , Bertagnolli Emmerich
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Role of Vacancies and Oxygen for Setting up an Efficient Getter for Cu and Ni in Silicon Wafers
Authors: Kot Dawid , Kissinger Gudrun , Haeckl Walter , Sattler Andreas , Von Ammon Wilfried
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
An investigation of Material Design for Gettering
Authors: Matsukawa Kazuhito , Shirai Koun , Katayama-Yoshida Hiroshi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Modeling and Optimization of Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Naser Mohamed A. , Deen M. Jamal , Thompson David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Epitaxial Deposition of SiC onto 4H SiC using a Hollow Cathode
Authors: Soukup Rodney J. , Ianno Natale , Huguenin-Love James , Lauer Noel , Hubicka Zdenek
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Polarity Inverted GaN for Photonic Crystal Biosensor Applications
Authors: Tompkins Randy P. , Nightingale Josh , Yeldandi Satish , Yalamanchili Hyma , Hamza Bashar , Kinard Jacob , Jo Kyoo , Dawson Jeremy , Cao Xian-An , Timperman Aaron , Hornak Lawrence , Korakakis Dimitris , Myers Thomas
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Label-free In Situ Selection of DNA-Molecules using GaN Nanowires Based Extended-Gate FET Sensor
Authors: Ganguly Abhijit , Chen Chin-Pei , Chen Kuei-Hsien , Chen L-C.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Design, Characterization, and Integration of Nanometric Objects with Chip-scale Platforms for Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Porter Marc D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Novel Nanocrystal Flash Memory by the Sol-gel Method
Authors: Wu Chi-Chang , Ko Fu-Hsiang , Liu Pin-Lin , Tsai Yi-Jen , Yeh Chen-Chich , Yang Wen-Luh
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Characteristics of Al/SiNX/a-Si /SiON/Si Structure using a-Si Thin Films as a Charge Trap Layer
Authors: Cho Jaehyun , Son Hyukjoo , Jung Sungwook , Choi Byoung D. , Yi Junsin
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Resistive Switching Solid State Brain Neocortex-like Device for Advanced Non-volatile Logic Applications
Authors: Sasago Yoshitaka , Terao Motoyasu , Kinoshita Masaharu , Ono Kazuo , Kurotsuchi Kenzo , Takemura Riichiro , Fujisaki Yoshihisa , Takaura N.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Plasma Activation for Low Temperature Wafer Bonding
Authors: Dragoi Viorel , Plach Thomas , Murauer Franz , Hingerl Kurt
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Capacitance Transient study of the Electrical Properties of the Bonding Interface in a (110)/(100) Direct-Silicon-Bonded (DSB) Wafer
Authors: Lu Jinggang , Park Yongkook , Yu Xuegong , Rozgonyi George
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Fabrication and Characterization of Semiconducting ZnO nanofiber for Advanced Environmental Sensing
Authors: Zyung Taehyoung , Lee Su-Jae , Park Jin-Ah , Moon Jaehyun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Reactive Ion Etching of ZnO Using a Cl2/Ar Mixture
Authors: Hsueh Kuang-Po , Hou Ren-Jie , Kuo Cheng-Huang , Tun Chun-Ju
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
ZnO Nanorods for Controlling Cell Behavior
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Chu Byung Hwan , Ren F. , Keselowsky Benjamin G. , Lele Tanmay
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ge Quantum Well Modulators on Si
Authors: Miller David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
SiCP Selective Epitaxial Growth in Recessed Source/Drain Regions yielding to Drive Current Enhancement in n-channel MOSFET
Authors: Bauer Matthias , Machkaoutsan Vladimir , Weeks Doran , Zhang Yangting , Thomas Shawn , Verheyen Peter , Kerner C. , Clemente F. , Bender Hugo , Shamiryan D. , Loo Roger , Hoffmann T. , Absil Philipe , Biesemans Serge
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Improvement of High-Capacity Nickel-metal Hydride Batteries using Easy sSacking Technology
Authors: Higaki Kenjin , Nagashima Ikuo , Kouzaki Daisuke , Shibata Yasunori , Kitagawa Eisaku , Terada Seiji
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Mathematical Modeling of Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: White R. E.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In Flight Dimensional and Compositional Tuning of Metal Nanocatalysts for Carbon Nanotube Growth
Authors: Chiang Wei-Hung , Sankaran R. M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Computation of Impedance Spectra in Samaria Doped Ceria
Authors: Ciucci Francesco , Goodwin David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
General and Specific Solvation of Tetraalkylammonium Ions in Donor Solvents
Authors: Fry Albert J.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Diffusion of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl Derivatives of Variable Hydrophobicity in Tropocollagen I Solution
Authors: Liu Chi Kin , Valle Judith , Slowinska Katarzyna
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
BioCapacitor ~ A Stand Alone, Self-Empowered Wireless Glucose Sensing System~
Authors: Hanashi Takuya , Tsugawa Wakako , Nakayama Daisuke , Yamazaki Tomohiko , Tomiyama Masamitsu , Ikebukuro Kazunori , Sode Koji
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Au Nanoparticle Based Biosensing Platform
Authors: Raj C.R. , Das Ashok Kumar
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Biophysical Electroanalysis of Human Caco-2 Tissue utilizing Microstructured Biosensors
Authors: Wanzenboeck Heinz D. , Forouzan Sahar S. , Bertganolli Emmerich , Guell Iris , Wirth Michael , Gabor Franz
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Determination of Antigens by Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Using Ru(bpy)32+-doped Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Hasuck , Seo Hyo-Ju , Oh Jungwook , Kim Yang-Rae
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Pyrolyzed Porphyrin Non-platinum Oxygen Reduction Catalysts: Structure-to-Properties Correlations
Authors: Olson Tim , Pylypenko Svitlana , Atanassov P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Investigation of Cu Deposition Reaction on Corronene Adsorbed Au(111)
Authors: Sawaguchi Takahiro , Yoshimoto Soichiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Evaluation of the Catalytic Electrodes to Generate Oxygen Bubbles for the Electroflotation Process.
Authors: Pérez Rosalina , Oropeza Mercedes , Oscar López , Gradilla Israel
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Theoretical Study of the Adsorption and Dissociation of Oxygen on Pt3Ni Alloy Nano-particles for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Shirvanian P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
In situ Characterization of Pt/Rh/SnO2 Catalysts for Ethanol Oxidation
Authors: Marinkovic Nebojsa , Li Meng , Sasaki Kotaro , Frenkel Anatoly , Kowal Andrzej , Adzic Radoslav
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Solar-Powered Electrochemical Oxidation of Organic Compounds Coupled with the Cathodic Production of Molecular Hydrogen
Authors: Park Hyunwoong , Vecitis Chad D. , Hoffmann Michael R.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
An Electroanalytical System for Arsenic in Water
Authors: Carter M. , Stotter Jason , Pierce Michael
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Titanium Dioxide Mediated Solar Photocatalytic Degradation of Metalaxyl in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Kawamato Yuka , Kaneco Satoshi , Katsumata Hideyuki , Suzuki Tohru , Ohta Kiyohisa
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Corrosion of Carbon Steel AISI 1020 Immersed in Exopolysaccharide Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Caceres Luis , Lizama Catherine , Aravena Carmen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
An XAFS Study of Niobium Chloride in the Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl Imidazolium Chloride/Aluminum Chloride
Authors: Roeper Donald , O'Grady William , Pandya Kumi , Cheek Graham T.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Preparation of Alloy Nanoparticles by a Simultaneous Sputter Deposition of Au and Ag onto Ionic Liquids
Authors: Okazaki Ken-ichi , Kiyama Tomonori , Hirahara Kaori , Tanaka Nobuo , Kuwabata Susumu , Torimoto Tsukasa
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Influence of Bath Composition on Ti Electrolysis in CaF2-CaO-TiO2 Melt
Authors: Takenaka Toshihide , Sugawara Mitsuru , Matsuyama Akihiro , Kawakami Masahiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
The Role of Chromium in the Hot Corrosion of Metals
Authors: Otsuka Nobuo , Rapp Robert A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Solubility of Calcium in CaCl2-CaO
Authors: Shaw Stephen , Watson Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ionic Liquid and Polyionic Electrolytes for Fuel Cells and Lithium Batteries
Authors: Angell C Austen
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
New Flame-Retardant Electrolytes for Li-Ion Capacitors and Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Iwama Etsuro , Honda Youki , Shimodate Fumitaka , Segawa H. , Ino Y. , Ogihara N. , Naoi Katsuhiko
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Controlled Interfacial Synthesis of MnO2 and its Application in Aqueous Supercapacitors
Authors: Roberts Alexander J. , Chandra Amreesh , Slade Robert C. T.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Artificial Siderophore-Modified Au electrode for Adsorption and Sensing Microbe
Authors: Tanabashi Hirohito , Inomata Tomohiko , Eguchi Hiroshi , Funahashi Yasuhiro , Ozawa Tomohiro , Masuda Hideki
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Highly Sensitive Detection of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin by Electrochemiluminescence Using Immunoliposome
Authors: Egashira Naoyoshi , Morita Shin-ichi , Mitoma Yoshiharu , Hifumi Emi , Uda Taizo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based Immunosensor for Sensitive Detection of Thyroxine
Authors: Kim Sook Jin , Dhesingh Ravi Shankaran , Kawaguchi Toshikazu , Miura Norio
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Layer-by-Layer Nano Self-Assembly of pH Sensors Based on Polyelectrolytes and Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Lee Dongjin , Cui Tianhong
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Nanowires Synthesis and Characterization for Their Chemical Sensor Application
Authors: Li J. , Lu Yijiang , Deepak Jyoti
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Three Experimental Verifications on LixFePO4: (i) Bulk Miscibility Gap, (ii) Air Exposure Effect, and (iii) Lithium Diffusion
Authors: Yamada Atsuo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Relating Quench Rate with Performance for Sol-gel Derived Na(Ni1/2Mn1/2)O2 Cathode Materials
Authors: Zhang Yao , Whitacre Jay
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Property of LiMn2O4 Thin Films Synthesized by PLD Method on Various Substrates
Authors: Sonoyama Noriyuki , Iwase Khosuke , Takatsuka Hironori , Matsumura Tadaaki , Imanishi Nobuyuki , Takeda Y. , Kanno Ryoji
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ni-63 Schottky Barrier Nuclear Battery
Authors: Desai Priya , Ulmen Benjamin , Lee Jin , Moghaddam Saeed , Masel Richard I. , Miley George
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ionic Conductivities of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Polymer Membrane by Group Contribution Method
Authors: Kim Joo Wan , Bae Young Chan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Adsorption Behavior of Chloride Anion on Au(111) and its Effect on Electrochemical Copper Deposition: in-situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study
Authors: Chien Cheng-Yen , Lee Yuh-Lang
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Further Understanding of Polyoxometallate Modified Titania Electrodes for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Herring Andrew M. , Vallett Paul J. , Kuo Mei-Chen , Furtak Thomas E. , Turner John , Lusk Mark T.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Characterization of Metal Hexacyanoferrates for Potential Application as Redox Mediator in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Rutkowska Iwona A. , Kulesza P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Infiltrated Electrodes for Intermediate-temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhao Fei , Chen Frank , Xia ChangRong
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Development of Nitrous Oxide Enzyme Sensor Based on Direct Electron Transfer
Authors: Tsugawa Wakako , Shimizu Hitomi , Tatara Masahiro , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Sode K.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Phynox® Surface Modification by Organophosphonic Acid and PEG Fragments for Improvement of its Haemocompatibility
Authors: Devillers Sebastien , Cuvelier Nathalie , Delhalle Joseph , Mekhalif Zineb
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Molecularly Templated Polymer Matrix Films for Biorecognition Processes: Sensors for Evaluating Oxidative Stress and Redox Buffering Capacity
Authors: Stobiecka Magdalena , Debb Jeffrey , Hepel Maria
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Development of Glucose Biosensor Using Flexible, Transparent Carbon Nanotube Films
Authors: Pham Xuan-Hung , Bui Minh-Phuong N. , Li Cheng Ai , Han Kwi Nam , Seong Gi Hun
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrocatalytic Formal [2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions between Anodically Activated Aliphatic Enol Ethers and Unactivated Olefins Possessing an Alkoxyphenyl Group
Authors: Okada Yohei , Akaba Ryoichi , Chiba Kazuhiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Poly-para-aminophenol Films: Impedance Characteristics
Authors: Haque Inam U. , Bano Kiran , Iqbal Shahid
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Passivation Kinetics of Carbon Steel in Simulated Fuel-Grade Ethanol
Authors: Lou Xiaoyuan , Singh Preet
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Sub-Surface Electrochemical Effects on the Spontaneous Deposition of Cerium Conversion Coatings on Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Treu Becky L. , Pinc William , Joshi Simon , Fahrenholtz William , O'Keefe Matthew
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Deterministic Modeling of the Effect of Acetic Acid in the Corrosion of Low-Carbon Steel by Carbon Dioxide.
Authors: Rosas-Camacho Omar , Urquidi-Macdonald M. , Macdonald Digby
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Reduction of Scratch on Brush Scrubbing in Post CMP Cleaning by Analyzing Contact Kinetics on Ultra Low-k Dielectric
Authors: Gu Xun , Nemoto Takaneo , Teramoto Akinobu , Ito Takashi , Ohmi Tadahiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Performance of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li4Ti5O12 with Different Cell Designs
Authors: Wu Huiming , Belharouak Ilias , Amine Khalil
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
A New Synthesis Approach Towards Tailor-made Polyanionic Compounds Displaying Li /Na Electrochemical Activity
Authors: Recham Nadir , Dupont Loic , Courty Mathieu , Djellab Karim , Larcher Dominique , Armand Michel , Tarascon Jean-Marie
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Mixed Metal Nitride Clusters in Fullerene Cages: From DySc2N@C76 to Lu2CeN@C80 - Invited
Authors: Yang Shangfeng , Popov Alexey A. , Zhang Lin , Tarabek Jan , Dunsch Lothar
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Asymmetric Cyclopropanation and Epoxidation of Olefins Catalyzed by Chiral Metallo-Bis Binaphthyl Strapped Porphyrins - Invited
Authors: Rose Eric , Gallo Emma , Fantauzzi Simone , Raoul Nicolas
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Novel Organometallic Coupling Reactions in Porphyrin Synthesis - Invited
Authors: Senge Mathias O.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Compounds I by Photo-Oxidation of Compounds II - Invited
Authors: Newcomb Martin
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Synthesis of π-expanded Porphyrins and Corroles - Invited
Authors: Gryko Daniel T. , Voloshchuk Roman , Lewtak Jan
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Large Prismatic Cell Design Evaluation using Multi-Scale Multi-Dimensional Lithium-Ion Battery Model
Authors: Kim Gi-Heon , Smith Kandler A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
New Tools, New Knowledge: Enabling Innovative Environmental Research
Authors: Baer Don R. , Lea Alan , Wang Chongmin , Zelenyuk Alla
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Direct Bioelectrocatalysis of Glycerol and Other Biofuels for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Minteer S. , Arechederra Robert
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Oxygen Sensors: Enhanced Performance and Catalyst Testing
Authors: Gann Stephen M. , Paul David
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Bioelectrochemical Properties of Trametes versicolor Laccase-Polyazetidine Prepolymer-MWCNT Integrated System with Several Redox Mediators
Authors: Tortolini Cristina , Frasconi Marco , Favero Gabriele , Mazzei Franco
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Gel Hybrid Material as Sensing Gate of CHEMFET
Authors: Josowicz Mira , Mayo India S , Jonke Alex , Janata Jiri
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ni-63 Microirradiators and Applications
Authors: Steeb Jennifer , Josowicz Mira , Janata Jiri
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Rapid Growth of ~cm Long Ag Nanowires and Sulfuring of Ag Nanowires as High Performance H2S Gas Sensor at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Chiu-Yen , Chen Lih-Juann
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrochemical Catalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction by Pt Ultrathin Layers Deposited on Au Single Crystal Electrodes
Authors: Hayashi Naoko , Song Chunli , Notsu Hideo , Yagi Ichizo , Kondo Toshihiro
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Membrane Concepts for Medium Temperature Fuel Cells
Authors: Schuster Michael , Kreuer Klaus D.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
X-Ray Absorption Characterization of Polyaniline-Derived Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Cathode Electrocatalysts
Authors: Ferrandon Magali , Myers Deborah , Kropf Arthur Jeremy , Wu Gang , Zelenay Piotr
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Bulk and Grain Boundary Conductivities as Function of Temperature and Oxygen Partial Pressure of Scandia-stabilized Zirconia Co-doped with Yttria and Ceria
Authors: Preis Wolfgang , Egger Andreas , Waldhäusl Jörg , Sitte Werner , De Carvalho Eduarda , Irvine John
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Fabrication and Generation of Intermediate Temperature Operating SOFC based on Y-doped BaZrO3 Proton Conducting Oxides
Authors: Iguchi Fumitada , Nagai Masahumi , Sata Noriko , Yugami Hiroo
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Simulations of Heat and Mass Transfers in Tubular Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell
Authors: Klein Jean-Marie , Deseure Jonathan , Bultel Yann
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Durability of Anode-supported SOFCs Stack using La(Ni,Fe)O3 Cathode
Authors: Yoshida Yoshiteru , Komatsu Takeshi , Chiba Reiichi , Yokoo Masayuki , Hayashi Katsuya , Orui Himeko , Arai Hajime
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Determination of the Anode Flow Distribution in a SOFC Stack at Nominal Operating Conditions by EIS
Authors: Dekker Nico , Van Wees J. F. , Rietveld B. G.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Ab Initio Thermokinetic Modeling of LSM{001} Surface Properties for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Lee Yueh-Lin , Morgan Dane
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Patterns in Anodic Conversions of Olefins
Authors: Schaefer Hans J. , Krumme Wiegand , Sommer Bernd
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Star-Shaped Trinuclear Organometallic Complexes: Three-Center Electron Transfer and Mixed Valency in C3-Symmetric Trindene-Based Assemblages
Authors: Santi Saverio , Donoli Alessandro , Bisello Annalisa , Ceccon Alberto
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electroreduction of Nitrocyclopropanes
Authors: Couture-Martin Frédéric , Cristea Cecilia , Sardahsti Alireza , Chapuzet Jean Marc , Lessard Jean
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Discovery of RGB Emission Probe Based on Firefly Bioluminescence
Authors: Maki Shojiro A.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Isolating Individual Grains in 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel for Electrochemical Experimentation
Authors: Policastro Steve , Pique Alberto , Martin Farrel , Natishan Paul
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect of Chloride Ions on the Selective Dissolution of Alfa Brass
Authors: Awadh Shaimaa M. , Al Kharafi Faiza , Ateya Bader
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Corrosion of Titanium in Acid and Alkaline Solutions
Authors: Donne Scott W. , Utomo Wahyu
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Through The Corrosion Protection Of Al-2024 Alloy With Carbon Black/Epoxy-Amine Nanocomposite Coating.
Authors: Foyet Adolphe , Te-Hui Wu , Van der Ven Leo , Kodentsov Sacha , Gijsbertus De With , Van Benthem Rolf
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Effect Of Organosilicon Self-Assembled Nanolayers On Improving Anticorrosion Properties Of Polymeric Coatings On Iron And Aluminum
Authors: Petrunin Maxim A. , Maksaeva Ludmila B. , Yurasova Tatiana , Terekhova Elena
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Novel Approaches in Designing Protective Coatings for Magnesium Alloys
Authors: Makhlouf Abdel Salam H. , Farahat Mahmoud
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Deposit of Chromium Layers from Trivalent Chrome Electrolytes.
Authors: Bohnet Jens , Romankiewicz Katja
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Understanding The Effect Of Flux Chemistry On Creep Corrosion
Authors: Reid Michael , Collins Maurice
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electrical Properties of Lanthanum-Scandate Gate Dielectric Directly Deposited on Ge
Authors: Bera M.K. K. , Song J. , Kakushima Kuniyuki , Ahmet Parhat , Tsutsui K. , Sugii N. , Hattori T. , Iwai Hiroshi
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Electron Beam Induced Orientation Selective Epitaxial Growth of CeO2(100)/Si(100) Structures using Absorption Electron Imaging System
Authors: Inoue Tomoyasu , Shigenari Shida
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Experimental Studies of Carbon Enhanced Lead-Acid Cells: Pulse Tests and Related Mechanisms
Authors: Burke Andrew F.
Published: February 2020

Abstract not Available.
Modified Hybrid Discriminant Analysis Methods and Their Applications in Machine Learning
Authors: Huang Liwen
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a new hybrid discriminant analysis method, and this method combines the ideas of linearity and nonlinearity to establish a two-layer discriminant model. The first layer is a linear discriminant model, which is mainly used to determine the distinguishable samples and subsample; the second layer is a nonlinear discriminant model, which is used to determine the subsample type. Numerical experiments on real data sets show that this method performs well compared to other classification algorithms, and its stability is better than the common discriminant models.
Pediatric Collagenous Gastroenterocolitis Successfully Treated with Methotrexate
Authors: Beinvogl Beate C. , Goldsmith Jeffrey D. , Arumugam Ramalingam , Kennedy Michelle , Mokalla Mani , Rufo Paul A. , Verhave Menno
Published: February 2020

A two-and-one-half-year-old previously healthy female presented with a ten-week history of watery diarrhea, nonbilious and nonbloody emesis, and low-grade fevers. She was found to have severe hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia. Her symptoms persisted, and she became dependent on parenteral nutrition. Biopsies obtained during subsequent endoscopic and colonoscopic studies revealed findings consistent with collagenous gastroenterocolitis. She responded to an empiric course of prednisone, but her symptoms recurred shortly after transitioning to oral budesonide. After successful reinduction with intravenous prednisone, intramuscular methotrexate was initiated. She remained asymptomatic during a 15-month course of therapy, and she continued to do well clinically until approximately nine months after weaning off methotrexate. At that point, she experienced a recurrence of diarrhea, and repeat endoscopic evaluation confirmed collagenous colitis. This responded nicely to a short course of oral budesonide, and she has since remained asymptomatic and off any therapy.
Pyramidal Part-Based Model for Partial Occlusion Handling in Pedestrian Classification
Authors: Thu M. , Suvonvorn N.
Published: February 2020

Pedestrian detection and classification are of increased interest in the intelligent transportation system (ITS), and among the challenging issues, we can find limitations of tiny and occluded appearances, large variation of human pose, cluttered background, and complex environment. In fact, a partial occlusion handling is important in the case of detecting pedestrians, in order to avoid accidents between pedestrians and vehicles, since it is difficult to detect when pedestrians are suddenly crossing the road. To solve the partial occlusion problem, a pyramidal part-based model (PPM) is proposed to obtain a more accurate prediction based on the majority vote of the confidence score of the visible parts by cascading the pyramidal structure. The experimental results on the proposed scheme achieved 96.25% accuracy on the INRIA dataset and 81% accuracy on the PSU (Prince of Songkla University) dataset. Our proposed model can be applied in the real-world environment to classify the occluded part of pedestrians with the various information of part representation at each pyramid layer.
Variations in Naturalistic Driving Behavior and Visual Perception at the Entrances of Short, Medium, and Long Tunnels
Authors: Fu Xinsha , He Shijian , Du Jintao , Wang Xiaofei , Ge Ting
Published: February 2020

Driver behavior and visual perception are very important factors in the management of traffic accident risk at tunnel entrances. This study was undertaken to analyze the differences in driving behavior and visual perception at the entrances of three types of tunnels, namely, short, medium-length, and long tunnels, under naturalistic driving conditions. Using three driving behavior indicators (speed, deceleration, and position) and two visual perception indicators (fixation and saccade), the driving performance of twenty drivers at six tunnels (two tunnels per condition) was comparatively analyzed. The results revealed that the speed maintained by the drivers prior to deceleration with braking under the short-tunnel condition was significantly larger than that under the medium- and long-tunnel conditions and that the drivers had a greater average and maximum deceleration rates under the short-tunnel condition. A similar general variation of driver visual perception appeared under the respective tunnel conditions, with the number of fixations gradually increasing and the maximum saccade amplitude gradually decreasing as the drivers approached the tunnel portal. However, the variation occurred approximately 60 m earlier under the short-tunnel condition than under the medium- and long-tunnel conditions. Interactive correlations between driving behavior and visual perception under the three conditions were established. The commencement of active deceleration was significantly associated (with correlation factors of 0.80, 0.77, and 0.79 under short-, medium-, and long-tunnel conditions, respectively) with the point at which the driver saccade amplitude fell below 10 degrees for more than 3 s. The results of this study add to the sum of knowledge of differential driver performance at the entrances of tunnels of different lengths.
Asthma in Pregnancy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Whole-Course Management, and Medication Safety
Authors: Wang Huijie , Li Na , Huang Huaqiong
Published: February 2020

Asthma in pregnancy is a health issue of great concern. Physiological changes and drug compliance during pregnancy can affect asthma control in varying degrees, and the control level of asthma and the side effects of asthma medications are closely related to the adverse perinatal outcomes of mother and fetus. This article provides an update on the available literature regarding the alleviating or aggravating mechanism of asthma in pregnancy, diagnosis, disease assessment, and systematic management, to provide a new guidance for physician, obstetric joint doctor, and health care practitioner.
Query Privacy Preserving for Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Liu X. , Zhang X. , Yu J. , Fu C.
Published: February 2020

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are increasingly involved in many applications. However, communication overhead and energy efficiency of sensor nodes are the major concerns in WSNs. In addition, the broadcast communication mode of WSNs makes the network vulnerable to privacy disclosure when the sensor nodes are subject to malicious behaviours. Based on the abovementioned issues, we present a Queries Privacy Preserving mechanism for Data Aggregation (QPPDA) which may reduce energy consumption by allowing multiple queries to be aggregated into a single packet and preserve data privacy effectively by employing a privacy homomorphic encryption scheme. The performance evaluations obtained from the theoretical analysis and the experimental simulation show that our mechanism can reduce the communication overhead of the network and protect the private data from being compromised.
Biomedical Research Meets Toxicology: How In Vitro Chromosome Instability Methods Can Contribute to Carcinogenicity Prediction
Authors: Stolz Ailine , Becker Markus , Wistorf Elisa , Ertych Norman
Published: February 2020

Cancer is a major health concern and a leading cause of mortality. The reliable identification of carcinogens and understanding of carcinogenicity has become a main focus of biomedical research and regulatory toxicology. While biomedical research applies cellular in vitro methods to uncover the underlying mechanisms causing cancer, regulatory toxicology relies on animal testing to predict carcinogenicity of chemicals, often with limited human relevance. Exemplified by chromosome instability–mediated carcinogenicity, we discuss the need to combine the strengths of both fields to develop highly predictive and mechanism-derived in vitro methods that facilitate risk assessment in respect to relevant human diseases.
Targeting the SAGA and ATAC Transcriptional Coactivator Complexes in MYC-Driven Cancers
Authors: Mustachio Lisa Maria , Roszik Jason , Farria Aimee , Dent Sharon Y.R.
Published: February 2020

Targeting epigenetic regulators, such as histone-modifying enzymes, provides novel strategies for cancer therapy. The GCN5 lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) functions together with MYC both during normal development and in oncogenesis. As transcription factors, MYC family members are difficult to target with small-molecule inhibitors, but the acetyltransferase domain and the bromodomain in GCN5 might provide alternative targets for disruption of MYC-driven functions. GCN5 is part of two distinct multiprotein histone-modifying complexes, SAGA and ATAC. This review summarizes key findings on the roles of SAGA and ATAC in embryo development and in cancer to better understand the functional relationships of these complexes with MYC family members, as well as their future potential as therapeutic targets.
A Novel Splice Variant of HYAL-4 Drives Malignant Transformation and Predicts Outcome in Patients with Bladder Cancer
Authors: Lokeshwar Vinata B. , Morera Daley S. , Hasanali Sarrah L. , Yates Travis J. , Hupe Marie C. , Knapp Judith , Lokeshwar Soum D. , Wang Jiaojiao , Hennig Martin J.P. , Baskar Rohitha , Escudero Diogo O. , Racine Ronny R. , Dhir Neetika , Jordan Andre R. , Hoye Kelly , Azih Ijeoma , Manoharan Murugesan , Klaassen Zachary , Kavuri Sravan , Lopez Luis E. , Ghosh Santu , Lokeshwar Bal L.
Published: February 2020

Purpose:

Poor prognosis of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer that often metastasizes drives the need for discovery of molecular determinants of bladder cancer progression. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, including CD44, regulate cancer progression; however, the identity of a chondroitinase (Chase) that cleaves chondroitin sulfate from proteoglycans is unknown. HYAL-4 is an understudied gene suspected to encode a Chase, with no known biological function. We evaluated HYAL-4 expression and its role in bladder cancer.

Experimental Design:

In clinical specimens, HYAL-4 wild-type (Wt) and V1 expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR, IHC, and/or immunoblotting; a novel assay measured Chase activity. Wt and V1 were stably expressed or silenced in normal urothelial and three bladder cancer cell lines. Transfectants were analyzed for stem cell phenotype, invasive signature and tumorigenesis, and metastasis in four xenograft models, including orthotopic bladder.

Results:

HYAL-4 expression, specifically a novel splice variant (V1), was elevated in bladder tumors; Wt expression was barely detectable. V1 encoded a truncated 349 amino acid protein that was secreted. In bladder cancer tissues, V1 levels associated with metastasis and cancer-specific survival with high efficacy and encoded Chase activity. V1 cleaved chondroitin-6-sulfate from CD44, increasing CD44 secretion. V1 induced stem cell phenotype, motility/invasion, and an invasive signature. CD44 knockdown abrogated these phenotypes. V1-expressing urothelial cells developed angiogenic, muscle-invasive tumors. V1-expressing bladder cancer cells formed tumors at low density and formed metastatic bladder tumors when implanted orthotopically.

Conclusions:

Our study discovered the first naturally-occurring eukaryotic/human Chase and connected it to disease pathology, specifically cancer. V1-Chase is a driver of malignant bladder cancer and potential predictor of outcome in patients with bladder cancer.
Os termos da política de Roberto Esposito
Authors: Cordeiro Roan Costa
Published: February 2020

Esta resenha apresenta o livro Termos da política, do filósofo italiano Roberto Esposito. Destacando-se o caráter abrangente de sua abordagem, tal obra permite vislumbrar o pensamento de seu autor enquanto crítica dos conceitos que desafiam o pensamento político contemporâneo, articulando-o por meio dos termos comunidade, imunidade e biopolítica.
Contra o gênio: a ciência da arte no Humano, demasiado humano de Nietzsche
Authors: Oliveira Jelson Roberto de
Published: February 2020

Pretende-se analisar a crítica de Nietzsche à noção de gênio em Humano, demasiado humano, obra que marca a ruptura com a fase geralmente conhecida como “metafísica de artista”, cujas influências principais são a filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer e o projeto musical de Richard Wagner. Partir-se-á de uma explanação sobre a contraposição estabelecida por Nietzsche entre ciência e metafísica para, a partir daí, examinar como a tarefa estética se transforma numa ciência da arte, entendida como uma análise histórico-fisio-psicológica da atividade do artista. Pretende-se, com isso, demonstrar como o mote central da crítica nietzschiana se dirige à ideia romântica de gênio, à qual é contraposta a ideia de um trabalhador da arte.
The Interplay of Demographic, Economic, and Social History
Authors: Wrigley E. Anthony
Published: February 2020

Historical narrative commonly involves both description and explanation. The nature of the information available to historians gives rise to problems that seldom appear in other disciplines. For example, it is not possible, given the nature of historical data, to conduct controlled experiments to resolve uncertainties concerning the cause of a given event. It is normally the case that the concept of negative and positive feedback is a more appropriate framework for this purpose than causation. Such a framework can be used in discussing the interplay of demographic behavior, urban growth, and occupational change in facilitating England’s escape from the constraints suffered by all organic economies. Comparison of the contrast in this regard between England and continental Europe helps to clarify the nature of the divergence between the island and the continent over a period of 300 years, from the mid-sixteenth to the mid-nineteenth century.
Quantifying Interdisciplinary History: The Record of (Nearly) Fifty Years
Authors: Gutmann Myron P.
Published: February 2020

From its very beginnings, the JIH published articles that embraced quantitative methods, but in its effort to engage as many disciplines as possible, it did much more. Over the nearly fifty years of its publishing history, it has continued to publish variegated interdisciplinary material and, in the process, to present leading-edge research. Within the last ten years, however, the journal has acquired a new role in a much more international context. The emergence of new quantitative methods has permitted the JIH to redefine interdisciplinarity. Immense data sets, with modes of interpretation drawn from the social sciences as well as from the humanities, natural sciences, and medicine, will certainly continue to revolutionize future research in history and cognate disciplines.
Two new Amphilochida (Amphipoda: Amphilochidea) associated with the bioinvasive Tubastraea coccinea fromTodos-os-Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil
Authors: ALVES JESSIKA , NEVES ELIZABETH , JOHNSSON RODRIGO
Published: February 2020

Two new species of amphipods associated with the bioinvasive coral Tubastraea coccinea from Todos-os-Santos Bay are described. The bioinvasive sun coral is known for competing with native coral species, which shelter a big diversity of associated fauna, especially amphipods. Leucothoe oxumae sp. nov. shows acute rostrum, antenna 1 about 1/4 of body length; gnathopod 1 carpochelate, propodus with 5 anterodistal robust setae; gnathopod 2 propodus fusiform, slightly serrated on palmar margin and posterodistal corner of epimeral plate 3 produced and rounded. Stenothoe ogumi sp. nov. is unique by showing a pronounced and developed maxilliped inner plate, gnathopod 2 propodus palm pointed with slightly undulated processes and two developed ones near hinge of dactylus and palmar margin beset with dense fringe of long setae. Updated taxonomic key to Leucothoe and Stenothoe species from Brazil are provided.
On the taxonomy and distribution of Varanus salvator andamanensis Deraniyagala, 1944 (Reptilia: Varanidae), including a redescription of the type specimens and a discussion about its allopatric co-occurrence with V. s. macromaculatus on the Nicobar Islands
Authors: SAMARASINGHE DINAL J. S. , KOCH ANDRÉ , HARIKRISHNAN SURENDRAN , MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI KELUM , CHANDI MANISH
Published: February 2020

We provide a detailed redescription of the two original type specimens of the little-known, endemic Andaman water monitor, Varanus salvator andamanensis Deraniyagala, 1944. Examination of further voucher specimens allows for an expanded morphological diagnosis of this island taxon and comparison with other currently recognized subspecies of the wide-spread Southeast Asian water monitor. Based on the specimens examined, V. s andamanensis is characterized by a homogenous black dorsal background colour, with five to seven, more or less distinctive transverse rows of small spots or ocelli, light yellowish dots arranged sporadically between transverse spot/ocelli rows on the body, light yellowish coloured spots distributed sporadically throughout both forelimbs and hind limbs; 17–18 prominent rows of light spots continuing from base of tail to its tip dorsally with sporadically arranged dots on lateral sides of tail; and higher scale counts in transverse dorsal scale rows. Based on photographic evidence and examination of museum specimens, V. s. andamanensis inhabits both the Andaman and southern Nicobar Islands, which politically belong to the Republic of India. In addition, we confirm the presence of V. s. macromaculatus in the northern and central Nicobar Islands, thus providing evidence for the allopatric co-occurrence of two different water monitor subspecies in these remote archipelagos.
Effect of Thresholding Using Groundtruth Pixel Intensities on Lung Image Database Consortium-Image Database Resource Initiative Lung Cancer Dataset
Authors: Jenkin Suji R. , Bhadouria Sarita Singh , Wilfred Godfrey W.
Published: February 2020

Thresholding is a primitive and one of the common operations performed on images for segmentation. They are widely being used in processing of medical images too. When intensity based operations are performed on images for segmentation and separation of specific regions of interest,
the discriminability of these intensity based operations are to be analyzed. Discriminability refers to the capacity of the operation to isolate through segmentation, the region of interest (ROI) from the rest of the region unambiguously without performing any other region specific operations
such as template based or other complex operations. In this paper, we provide some of our efforts made to identify the discriminability of thresholding operation on the Lung Image Database Consortium-Image Database Resource Initiative (LIDC-IDRI) lung cancer dataset.