bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantifying changes over 1 year in motor and cognitive skill after transient ischemic attack (TIA) using robotics
Authors: Simmatis Leif E. R. , Scott Stephen H. , Jin Albert Y.
Published: August 2021

Recent work has highlighted that people who have had TIA may have abnormal motor and cognitive function. We aimed to quantify deficits in a cohort of individuals who had TIA and measured changes in their abilities to perform behavioural tasks over 1 year of follow-up using the Kinarm Exoskeleton robot. We additionally considered performance and change over time in an active control cohort of migraineurs. Individuals who had TIA or migraine completed 8 behavioural tasks that assessed cognition as well as motor and sensory functionality in the arm. Participants in the TIA cohort were assessed at 2, 6, 12, and 52 weeks after symptom resolution. Migraineurs were assessed at 2 and 52 weeks after symptom resolution. We measured overall performance on each task using an aggregate metric called Task Score and quantified any significant change in performance including the potential influence of learning. We recruited 48 individuals to the TIA cohort and 28 individuals to the migraine cohort. Individuals in both groups displayed impairments on robotic tasks within 2 weeks of symptom cessation and also at approximately 1 year after symptom cessation, most commonly in tests of cognitive-motor integration. Up to 51.3% of people in the TIA cohort demonstrated an impairment on a given task within 2-weeks of symptom resolution, and up to 27.3% had an impairment after 1 year. In the migraine group, these numbers were 37.5% and 31.6%, respectively. We identified that up to 18% of participants in the TIA group, and up to 10% in the migraine group, displayed impairments that persisted for up to 1 year after symptom resolution. Finally, we determined that a subset of both cohorts (25–30%) experienced statistically significant deteriorations in performance after 1 year. People who have experienced transient neurological symptoms, such as those that arise from TIA or migraine, may continue to experience lasting neurological impairments. Most individuals had relatively stable task performance over time, with some impairments persisting for up to 1 year. However, some individuals demonstrated substantial changes in performance, which highlights the heterogeneity of these neurological disorders. These findings demonstrate the need to consider factors that contribute to lasting neurological impairment, approaches that could be developed to alleviate the lasting effects of TIA or migraine, and the need to consider individual neurological status, even following transient neurological symptoms.
Physicochemical characterization and microbiology quality of the Pentadesma butyracea fruit pulp collected from various parks in Benin
Authors: Ayegnon Bernolde Paul , Chabi Ifagbémi Bienvenue , Akogou Folachodé Ulrich Gildas , Kayodé Adéchola Pierre Polycarpe
Published: August 2021

In Benin,P. butyraceafruit pulp undergoes significant post-harvest loss due to its low valorization. The collected fruits in five parklands from a survey of transformer's perception were characterized through their visual observations, the determination of their dimensions and pulp proportions. The nutritional value of pulp was evaluated through its chemical characterization. The results of this study revealed that four shapes (ellipsoid, globular, ovoid, ellipsoid twisted) identify the physical aspect ofP. butyraceafruits in theP. butyraceaparklands. The average length, diameter at the equator, mass and pulp proportion of fruits were 130.93 mm, 86.98 mm, 125.63 g and 35.79%, respectively. The physicochemical characterization showed that theP. butyraceafruit pulp contained 3.37–3.41 pH, 3.33–4.61% protein, 20.37–20.78% fiber, 2.78–3.57% ash, 6.31–6.51% crude lipid, 85.77–86.47% moisture, 21.54–23.22 mg/mL total phenolics, 0.73–1.03% titratable acidity, 65.10–66.94% carbohydrates, 335.75–338.99 kcal calorie and minerals (Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn). The antioxidant activity result showed that theP. butyraceafruit pulp is a valuable source of antioxidant pigments. Faecal coliforms are not detected in pulps and the aerobic mesophilic bacteria, yeasts and moulds, andStaphylococcus aureuswere below detection level inP. butyraceafruit pulps.
High-content image-based analysis and proteomic profiling identifies Tau phosphorylation inhibitors in a human iPSC-derived glutamatergic neuronal model of tauopathy
Authors: Cheng Chialin , Reis Surya A. , Adams Emily T. , Fass Daniel M. , Angus Steven P. , Stuhlmiller Timothy J. , Richardson Jared , Olafson Hailey , Wang Eric T. , Patnaik Debasis , Beauchamp Roberta L. , Feldman Danielle A. , Silva M. Catarina , Sur Mriganka , Johnson Gary L. , Ramesh Vijaya , Miller Bruce L. , Temple Sally , Kosik Kenneth S. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Haggarty Stephen J.
Published: August 2021

Mutations in MAPT (microtubule-associated protein tau) cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD). MAPT mutations are associated with abnormal tau phosphorylation levels and accumulation of misfolded tau protein that can propagate between neurons ultimately leading to cell death (tauopathy). Recently, a p.A152T tau variant was identified as a risk factor for FTD, Alzheimer's disease, and synucleinopathies. Here we used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from a patient carrying this p.A152T variant to create a robust, functional cellular assay system for probing pathophysiological tau accumulation and phosphorylation. Using stably transduced iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells engineered to enable inducible expression of the pro-neural transcription factor Neurogenin 2 (Ngn2), we generated disease-relevant, cortical-like glutamatergic neurons in a scalable, high-throughput screening compatible format. Utilizing automated confocal microscopy, and an advanced image-processing pipeline optimized for analysis of morphologically complex human neuronal cultures, we report quantitative, subcellular localization-specific effects of multiple kinase inhibitors on tau, including ones under clinical investigation not previously reported to affect tau phosphorylation. These results demonstrate the potential for using patient iPSC-derived ex vivo models of tauopathy as genetically accurate, disease-relevant systems to probe tau biochemistry and support the discovery of novel therapeutics for tauopathies.
Lung ultrasound may support internal medicine physicians in predicting the diagnosis, bacterial etiology and favorable outcome of community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Mearelli Filippo , Casarsa Chiara , Trapani Alessandro , D’agaro Pierlanfranco , Moras Cristina , Spagnol Francesca , Pellicori Federica , Nunnari Alessio , Massolin Alice , Barbati Giulia , Biolo Gianni
Published: August 2021

To assess the usefulness of lung ultrasound (LUS) for identifying community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among adult patients with suspected lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and for discriminating between CAP with different cultural statuses, etiologies, and outcomes. LUS was performed at internal medicine ward admission. The performance of chest X-ray (CXR) and LUS in diagnosing CAP in 410 patients with suspected LRTI was determined. All possible positive results for pneumonia on LUS were condensed into pattern 1 (consolidation + / − alveolar-interstitial syndrome) and pattern 2 (alveolar-interstitial syndrome). The performance of LUS in predicting culture-positive status, bacterial etiology, and adverse outcomes of CAP was assessed in 315 patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for diagnosing CAP by LUS was significantly higher than for diagnosis CAP by CXR (0.93 and 0.71, respectively; p < 0.001). Pattern 1 predicted CAP with bacterial and mixed bacterial and viral etiologies with positive predictive values of 99% (95% CI, 94–100%) and 97% (95% CI, 81–99%), respectively. Pattern 2 ruled out mortality with a negative predictive value of 95% (95% CI, 86–98%), respectively. In this study, LUS was useful in predicting a diagnosis of CAP, the bacterial etiology of CAP, and favorable outcome in patients with CAP.
SCAMP2/5 as diagnostic and prognostic markers for acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Yue Can , Xie Siting , Zhong Jiaying , Zhao Haijun , Lin Zhijuan , Zhang Li , Xu Bing , Luo Yiming
Published: August 2021

The secretory carrier-associated membrane proteins (SCAMPs) are associated with the development of multiple human cancers. The role of SCAMPs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however, remains to be identified. In the present study, we explored expression patterns and prognostic value of SCAMPs and network analysis of SCAMPs-related signaling pathways in AML using Oncomine, GEPIA, cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, DAVID and Metascape databases. Genetic alteration analysis revealed that the mutation rate of SCAMP genes was below 1% (9/1272) in AML, and there was no significant correlation between SCAMPs gene mutation and AML prognosis. However, the SCAMP2/5 mRNA levels were significantly higher in AML patients than in healthy controls. Moreover, high mRNA expressions of SCAMP2/4/5 were associated with poor overall survival, which might be due to that SCAMP2/4/5 and their co-expressed genes were associated with multiple pathways related to tumorigenesis and progression, including human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, acute myeloid leukemia, mTOR and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. These results suggest that SCAMP2/4/5 are potential prognostic markers for AML, and that SCAMP2 and SCAMP5 individually or in combination may be used as diagnostic markers for AML.
Translocation of intracellular CD24 constitutes a triggering event for drug resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Huth Hugo Werner , Castro-Gomes Thiago , de Goes Alfredo Miranda , Ropert Catherine
Published: August 2021

The capacity of tumor cells to shift dynamically between different states could be responsible for chemoresistance and has been commonly linked to the acquisition of stem cell properties. Here, we have evaluated the phenotype switching associated with drug resistance in breast cancer cell lines and cell lineage obtained from Brazilian patients. We have highlighted the role of the cancer stem cell marker CD24 in the dynamics of cell plasticity and the acquirement of drug resistance. We showed that the translocation of CD24 from cytosol to cell membrane is a triggering event for the phenotype change of breast tumor cells exposed to drug stress. Here, we provide evidence that the phenotype switching is due to the presence of a cytosolic pool of CD24. Importantly, the cellular localization of CD24 was correlated with the changes in the dynamics of p38 MAPK activation. A strong and continuous phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK led to the overexpression of Bcl-2 after treatment in persistent cells presenting high density of CD24 on cell membrane. This phenotype enabled the cells to enter in slow-down of cell cycle, after which several weeks later, the dormant cells proliferated again. Importantly, the use of a p38 activity inhibitor sensitized cells to drug treatment and avoided chemoresistance.
Possible route to efficient thermoelectric applications in a driven fractal network
Authors: Mondal Kallol , Ganguly Sudin , Maiti Santanu K.
Published: August 2021

An essential attribute of many fractal structures is self-similarity. A Sierpinski gasket (SPG) triangle is a promising example of a fractal lattice that exhibits localized energy eigenstates. In the present work, for the first time we establish that a mixture of both extended and localized energy eigenstates can be generated yeilding mobility edges at multiple energies in presence of a time-periodic driving field. We obtain several compelling features by studying the transmission and energy eigenvalue spectra. As a possible application of our new findings, different thermoelectric properties are discussed, such as electrical conductance, thermopower, thermal conductance due to electrons and phonons. We show that our proposed method indeed exhibits highly favorable thermoelectric performance. The time-periodic driving field is assumed through an arbitrarily polarized light, and its effect is incorporated via Floquet-Bloch ansatz. All transport phenomena are worked out using Green’s function formalism following the Landauer–Büttiker prescription.
A boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) based probe for selective passive sampling of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) indoors
Authors: Nodeh-Farahani Danial , Bentley Jordan N. , Crilley Leigh R. , Caputo Christopher B. , VandenBoer Trevor C.
Published: August 2021

A BODIPY-based probe for the selective passive sampling of indoor air pollutant nitrous acid is characterized by UV-Vis and high-resolution MS, undergoes rapid reaction, and provides sensitive detection.
Stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-1,3-bis(α,β-unsaturated carbonyl)-isoindolines from aldehydes and phenacyl azides under metal free conditions
Authors: Prasad Budaganaboyina , Phanindrudu Mandalaparthi , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu , Kamal Ahmed , Tiwari Dharmendra Kumar
Published: August 2021

We report herein our observation of an unprecedented stereoselective synthesis of 2H-isoindolin-1,3-ylidenes from 2-formylphenyl acrylates and phenacylazide in the presence of piperidine.
Biofunctional chemistry and reactivity of biogenic acrolein for cancer diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Pradipta Ambara R. , Tanaka Katsunori
Published: August 2021

Acrolein holds excellent potential as a biomarker in various oxidative stress-related diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and inflammatory disorders.
Operando mechanistic and dynamic studies of N/P co-doped hard carbon nanofibers for efficient sodium storage
Authors: Wang Liaoliao , Wang Juan , Ng Dickon H. L. , Li Sheng , Zou Bobo , Cui Yingxue , Liu Xianhu , El-Khodary Sherif A. , Qiu Jingxia , Lian Jiabiao
Published: August 2021

In situ Raman analysis reveals that Na+ adsorbs on the surface/defective sites of N/P-HCNF and inserts randomly into its turbostratic nanodomains in the dilute state, facilitating fast Na+ diffusion kinetics for efficient sodium storage.
Iridium-catalyzed C3-selective asymmetric allylation of 7-azaindoles with secondary allylic alcohols
Authors: Sawano Takahiro , Matsui Takeshi , Koga Marina , Ishikawa Eri , Takeuchi Ryo
Published: August 2021

An Ir/chiral phosphoramidite complex catalyzes C3-selective asymmetric allylic allylation of 7-azaindoles with secondary racemic alcohols.
Mechanically responsive crystalline materials
Authors: Sun Changquan Calvin , Reddy C. Malla
Published: August 2021

Guest editors Changquan Calvin Sun and C. Malla Reddy introduce the CrystEngComm themed issue on ‘Mechanically responsive crystalline materials’.
Formation of oxygen vacancies in Li2FeSiO4: first-principles calculations
Authors: Zhang Lihong , Wu Shunqing , Shuai Jianwei , Hou Zhufeng , Zhu Zizhong
Published: August 2021

The oxygen vacancy (left panel) and the vacancy formation energy as a function of temperature and pressure (right panel).
Improving persistent luminescence in pressure-tuned CsPbBr3 nanocrystals by Ce3+ doping
Authors: Tian Meng , Gao Yang , Zhou Pengyu , Chi Kailin , Zhang Yu , Liu Bao
Published: August 2021

The photoluminescence of CsPbBr3:Ce quantum dots can be persisted until 2.25 GPa. The lifetimes of CsPbBr3:Ce QDs were adversely shortened with increasing pressure, which was related with the reducing surface traps.
Lifting the discrepancy between experimental results and the theoretical predictions for the catalytic activity of RuO2(110) towards oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Divanis Spyridon , Frandsen Adrian Malthe , Kutlusoy Tugce , Rossmeisl Jan
Published: August 2021

The high catalytic activity of RuO2(110) towards the oxygen evolution reaction is explained theoretically by considering an alternate reaction pathway for this catalyst.
Carburized cobalt catalyst for the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Shen Xianfeng , Luo Dan , Ma Chenwei , Suo HaiYun , Yan Lai , Zhang Tianfu , Liu Xi , Wen Xiaodong , Li Yongwang , Yang Yong
Published: August 2021

Catalysts with Co, Co3C, and Co2C phases are synthesized by controlling the carburization time. The catalyst with Co3C phase exhibits the highest activity in FTS reaction. DFT calculations reveal the high intrinsic activity of Co3C.
Mechanochemical synthesis of mononuclear gold(i) halide complexes of diphosphine ligands with tuneable luminescent properties
Authors: Deák Andrea , Jobbágy Csaba , Demeter Attila , Čelko Ladislav , Cihlář Jaroslav , Szabó Pál T. , Ábrányi-Balogh Péter , Crawford Deborah E. , Virieux David , Colacino Evelina
Published: August 2021

A mechanochemical method was developed for the synthesis of Au(XantPhos)X (1: X = Cl; 2: X = I) and Au(N-XantPhos)Cl (3) complexes.
Intake of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) fermented milk before drinking alcohol reduces acetaldehyde levels and duration of flushing in drinkers with wild-type and heterozygous mutant ALDH2: a randomized, blinded crossover controlled trial
Authors: Trachootham Dunyaporn , Whanmek Kanyawee , Praengam Kemika , Temviriyanukul Piya , Santivarangkna Chalat
Published: August 2021

Alcohol consumption leads to acetaldehyde accumulation which is carcinogenic. Drinking LGG fermented milk before alcohol intake reduces blood and salivary acetaldehyde levels especially in people with mutant aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene (ALDH2).
Enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency of the BiOCl/Bi3O4Cl composite modified with WO3 for environmental purification under visible light
Authors: Chakraborty Ashok Kumar , Ganguli Sumon , Bera Sandipan
Published: August 2021

The role of WO3 in enhancing the photocatalytic behavior of the composite photocatalyst towards the decomposition of organic pollutants in the environment under visible light has been demonstrated.
Highly diastereoselective spiro-cyclopropanation of 2-arylidene-1,3-indanediones and dimethylsulfonium ylides
Authors: Huang Jie , Sun Shaofa , Ma Ping , Wang Jian , Lee Kevin , Xing Yalan , Wu Yang , Wang Gangqiang
Published: August 2021

High diastereoselectivity, mild conditions and excellent functional group compatibility.
A polydopamine-gated biodegradable cascade nanoreactor for pH-triggered and photothermal-enhanced tumor-specific nanocatalytic therapy
Authors: Chen Fanghui , An Peijing , Liu Ling , Gao Zhiguo , Li Yaojia , Zhang Yuchen , Sun Baiwang , Zhou Jiancheng
Published: August 2021

We report a pH-triggered cascade nanoreactor that could locally boost oxidative stress via increasing ˙OH generation and GSH depletion, showing great potential in tumor-specific nanocatalytic therapy.
Correction: Single nucleotide detection using bilayer MoS2 nanopores with high efficiency
Authors: Sen Payel , Gupta Manisha
Published: August 2021

Correction for ‘Single nucleotide detection using bilayer MoS2 nanopores with high efficiency’ by Payel Sen et al., RSC Adv., 2021, 11, 6114–6123, DOI: 10.1039/D0RA10222A.
Chaotic diffusion of the fundamental frequencies in the Solar System
Authors: Hoang Nam H. , Mogavero Federico , Laskar Jacques
Published: August 2021

The long-term variations in the orbit of the Earth govern the insolation on its surface and hence its climate. The use of the astronomical signal, whose imprint has been recovered in the geological records, has revolutionized the determination of the geological timescales. However, the orbital variations beyond 60 Myr cannot be reliably predicted because of the chaotic dynamics of the planetary orbits in the Solar System. Taking this dynamical uncertainty to account is necessary for a complete astronomical calibration of geological records. Our work addresses this problem with a statistical analysis of 120 000 orbital solutions of the secular model of the Solar System ranging from 500 Myr to 5 Gyr. We obtain the marginal probability density functions of the fundamental secular frequencies using kernel density estimation. The uncertainty of the density estimation is also obtained here in the form of confidence intervals determined by the moving block bootstrap method. The results of the secular model are shown to be in good agreement with those of the direct integrations of a comprehensive model of the Solar System. Application of our work is illustrated on two geological data sets: the Newark-Hartford records and the Libsack core.
Future Benefits of Microorganism on Leather Defects in The Industrial Production of Protease
Authors: Kurniawati Novita , Lusiana Eka , Agus Fitriyanto Nanung , Zainal Abidin Mohammad , Rakhmatulloh Satyaguna , Erwanto Yuny , Bachruddin Zaenal , Rusman  , Myra Yusiati Lies , Pertiwiningrum Ambar
Published: August 2021

Article, pickle, and wet blue leather defects used for this study were fromthe Balai Besar Karet college, Kulit dan Plastik, D.I Yogyakarta (BBKKP YK), Indonesia. Meanwhile, the microorganisms in leather defects were grown in vitro at A-minimal mineral (MM) and B-lowest (1/200 v/v) nutrient media. A nitrogen source of 2% Sigma-Aldrich bovine gelatine was added to each medium. Furthermore, 1cm2 of each leather defect was sliced and immersed into the in vitro media for 7 days in an open-air rotary incubation with ambient temperature at 28° C to 30° C. The first or conventional method was the rubbing of ose cotton into the solid media, while the second isolation method was the centrifugationof liquid growth medium at 15.1G for 20 minutes. Moreover, the four microbial isolates were fromglossy yellow colonies A and B as wel as white colonies. These colonies were incubated at 38° C and the four microbes produce proteases after growing for at least 7days in liquid media and 24 hours less in solid media. The protease test produced gases on the pickle leather defects using a test tubeglass of 0.8cmdiameter and 15cmlong. Therefore, the chemical tanning process on leather defects creates a unique ecosystem of microorganisms as collagen proteins change and become thekeyto their growth.
Water holding capacity of Swamp Buffalo muscles raised with and without proper herd health
Authors: Fhaisol M.A. , Rosly S. , Nasyatul E.M.H. , Lokman I. , Hasliza A.H. , Zamri M.S. , Zuki A.B.
Published: August 2021

Fresh meat is composed of 70-75% water. Meanwhile, water holding capacity (WHC) affects storage quality, appearance, eating experience, and also contributes to loss of profit for meat entrepreneurs. WHC is influenced by the species, sex, breed, farming practices, as well as post-slaughter storage and handling. Swamp buffalo meat is leaner compared to cattle, goats, and sheep. Therefore, this study aims to determine the WHC of swamp buffalo muscles raised with two herd health programs at different aging periods. A total of 24 months old male swamp buffalo (n=4) was raised with a proper herd health protocol (HHP) and another (n=6) without a proper herd health protocol (NHHP). The drip loss (DL), thawing loss (TL), and cooking loss (CL) for longissimus dorsi (LD), supraspinatus (SS), and semitendinosus (ST) muscles were evaluated on day 1, 7, and 14. Based on the results, only SS and ST from NHHP showed significant differences (P≤0.05), while DL, LD, SS, and ST of the HHP and NHHP also differed significantly (P≤0.05). Furthermore, the TL and CL for all the muscles showed significant differences (P≤0.05) at day 7 of aging in the NHHP group, while on day 14, both were significantly higher in LD and ST muscles of NHHP compared to the HHP group. Therefore, the results showed that the muscles of the HHP group had a better WHC compared to NHHP.
Relationship Between Sheep Farmer’s Characteristics with the Animal and Environmental Health Management Practices in Batur Village, Banjarnegara, Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim Alek , Setyo Wibowo Deny , Gede Suparta Budisatria I , Widayanti Rini , Tunas Artama Wayan
Published: August 2021

The success of animal husbandry is supported by good animal and environmental health management practices. This study examined the correlation between the sheep farmer’s characteristics and the animal and environmental health management practices. The data collected by direct interviews with 48 respondents in Batur Village, Banjarnegara. Indonesia. The aspects of animal (exercise, grooming, wool shearing, supplement feeding, and water drinking) and environmental (sheepfold sanitation, waste processing, and waste removal) health management practices were divided into three categories, namely low, medium, and high levels. The results showed that 83.3% of respondents were in the low-level following by medium (14.6%) and high (2.1%) levels of animal health management. Furthermore, on the environmental health management shows, 27.1% of respondents were in the low level, 60.4% in the medium level, and 12.5% in the high level. There was a significant relationship between farmers’ characteristics (informal education, livestock farming experience, and the number of sheep) and animal health management practice. A significant relationship was also shown between formal education, livestock purpose, livestock experience, and number of sheep by farmers toward environmental health management practice. It may conclude that the low and medium levels of animal and environmental health management practices were dominant in Batur Village.
Sustainability and feasibility assessments of nanobubble aeration technology in economic-socio environment of Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming
Authors: Susanti Lily , Utomo Suyud Warno , Takarina Noverita Dian
Published: August 2021

Penaeus vannamei shrimp farming in Indonesia is faced with several challenges in the environmental, economic, and social aspects. Therefore, this study aims to assess the benefits of novel nanobubble aeration systems for the ecosystem, businesses, and communities. This is an experimental study conducted by comparing P. vannamei post larva 10 reared at a density of 2000 inds./L in a pond treated with nanobubble and without treatments (control). Furthermore, the Net Present Value (NPV) and payback period were calculated to assess the economic feasibility of nanobubble, while community interviews were used for the social sectors. Based on the results, environmental wastes of shrimp farming in form of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were reduced by 9% from 2.58 mg/l (95%CI: 0,91, 4,25) in control compared to 2.35 mg/l (95%CI: 0,86, 3,84) in treatment. Furthermore, the revenues from post larva sales for five years and nanobubble investment costs showed that the estimated NPV was IDR 64,824,374 with a payback period of 1.7 years. The interviews on traditional shrimp farming showed that 61.1% to 72.2% of community members agreed on the use of nanobubble aeration to support livelihoods. Therefore, the use of nanobubbles is feasible to support sustainable P. vannamei farming.
The effect of heat and disinfectants on the viability of infectious bursal disease virus
Authors: Nuradji Harimurti , Setya Adji Rahmat , Ayu Besticia Qadrina
Published: August 2021

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) has been reported in Indonesia since 1983 and has become an endemic disease. IBD virus is known to be quite resistant to physical and chemical reagents compared to other viruses, causing this disease is hard to be eradicated. This study aims to evaluate the effect of heat and disinfectants on the viability of the IBD virus. This study was conducted using a local isolate of IBDV obtained from IRCVS. The virus was exposed to heat and disinfectant. Heat treatment was conducted by exposing the virus to 560C and 600C for 30, 60, 120, and 300 minutes. Similarly, the virus was also treated with two disinfectants, virkon and sodium hypochlorite (bleach) for 30, 60, 120, and 300 minutes with different concentrations. Results showed that the virus can be inactivated at a temperature of 800C and 560C for 120 and 300 minutes, respectively. Virkon at a concentration of 1:200 and 1:400 was able to inactivate the virus at 30, 60, 120, and 300 minutes, while sodium hypochlorite 0.5% requires at least 60 minutes to inactivate the virus.
Isolation, identification, and antimicrobial sensitivity test of bacteria isolated from the rectal swab of african pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica)
Authors: Kelana Hanindyani Astari , Cantya Prakasita Vinsa , Kristian Adi Yosua , Budi Pitojo Teguh , Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni Agnesia
Published: August 2021

Atelerix albiventrisandHystrix javanicawere widely known as pets or livestock in Indonesia, but there has been no study about bacteria from the rectal swab before. This study aims to isolate, identify, and analyze the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated bacteria from the rectal swab ofAtelerix albiventrisandHystrix javanica. Rectal swab samples were cultured on blood agar plate and identified by selective media and biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial sensitivity test. The result shows that the bacteria identified from the rectal swab samples ofAtelerix albiventrisareEscherichia coli(75%) andProteus mirabilis(25%), meanwhile the bacteria identified fromHystrix javanicaareEscherichia coli(100%). The identifiedEscherichia colifound from the sample is sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Fosfomycin, Kanamycin, Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, and Trimethoprim; and resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin G. The identifiedProteus mirabilisis sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Kanamycin, and Trimethoprim; intermediate to Enrofloxacin; and resistant to Erythromycin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, and Tetracycline. This research concludes that the bacteria found from the rectal swab ofAtelerix albiventrisandHystrix javanicaare bacteria with similar species and characters.
Coastal disaster mitigation through shoreline changes analysis in Pariaman city
Authors: Paldi Donal Azria , Andriani
Published: August 2021

Disasters caused losses and damage to the coastal areas of Pariaman City. The construction costs for development in coastal areas are relatively expensive. Early good research must be done to monitor shoreline changes and reduce losses and damage in the coastal areas of Pariaman City. The method used to monitor shoreline changes using satellite images with GIS techniques. The coastal change analyzes is studied including coastal erosion and sedimentation. In this study, disaster mitigation and impacts reduction caused by coastal changes are the final purposes. The losses and damage due to coastal changes were monitored during a certain time. The results of this study are aimed to make a solution for disaster mitigation in coastal areas caused by the shoreline changes in Pariaman City.
Sliding failure analysis of a gabion retaining wall at km 31+800 of Lubuk Selasih – Padang city border highway, Indonesia
Authors: Hanafi  , Gusti Putra Hendri , Andriani
Published: August 2021

In August 2010, there was a landslide on the down-slope of national road section at Km 31+800 Lubuk Selasih – Padang City Border. In order to prevent further damage, it was necessary to make an immediate repair by constructing a gabion retaining wall. Since this repair was so urgent, physical and mechanical soil parameters for the stability analysis were determined from literature data. The stability analysis considered dangers of overturning, sliding, and soil bearing capacity. For the sliding stability analysis, the value for friction considered only the interaction between the soil and the base of the retaining wall, with the assumption that the contact area was equal to the total area of the entire base of the retaining wall. After the construction was completed, sliding failure occured due to pressure from the backfill embankment. This research performs a reanalysis of the retaining wall stability using soil and gabion parameters determined from field investigation and laboratory testing. In this reanalysis the friction contact area was assumed to be between the soil and the wire mesh of retaining wall. With these parameters and assumption, the main cause of sliding failure became clear, indicating that this approach increased the accuracy of stability analysis for gabion retaining walls.
CPT - DR - D50 correlations of sands for liquefaction potential analysis
Authors: Hakam A , Warzuqni S , Adji BM , Junaidi  , Muharani IF , Mardhatillah
Published: August 2021

Liquefaction assessment is the main stage in determining the potential liquefaction in a certain site. In order to assess the potential liquefaction, the values of physical and mechanical properties of the soil are very important. Two main parameters that are essentially needed to determine the liquefaction potential in a sand deposit; those are relative density and men particle size. In Indonesia, CPT is a testing method that is very practically famous and often conducted in the field. Assessment of Liquefaction Potential will be cheap and valuable by using the results of the CPT test. For this reason, this paper describes the results of conducted research to obtain the values of the relative density and mean particle size based on the outcomes of the CPT test: those are cone resistance (qc) and friction ration (Rf). The relationship between qc-Rf and Dr-D50 is accelerated by conducting a series of tests on soil samples with variations in the value of relative density and average particle size. The test results are plotted in a graph as well as in the terms of mathematical formulations to figure out for the relationship between CPT values and Dr-D50 in detail for sands. This research is very useful to assess the liquefaction potential in a particular area with very satisfying results
Performance of asmetric structures reviewed with based plastic design performance (case study of application on building in Pekan Baru)
Authors: Sunaryati Jati , Nidiasari  , Alfadian
Published: August 2021

Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD) is a structural analysis that can be used to review structural performance. This method is increasingly popular to be used in the earthquake-prone area. This method is based on energy method that can be applied to steel or concrete structures. Meanwhile, Indonesia has already SNI 1726:2102 to be used as a guide in designing the thrust load to review the level of structural performance. Both of these things need to be used as a reference in areas that were initially considered safe from the earthquake but based on the development of earthquake micro zonation maps, it is very possible to become potential areas that also become earthquake regions. For this reason, the case of the structure that was built in the Pekanbaru area was taken. From the analyses of structural behavior, the structure that applied PBPD has greater displacement than the structures that apply the thrust load of SNI 1726: 2012. The percentage of displacement that occurred was 8-37 %. Based on performance analysis, the structures according to PBPD shows a better level of performance to the application of SNI 1726: 2012 thrust load.
Effect of stirrup type on shear capacity of reinforced concrete members with circular cross section
Authors: Hartati Dewi Sri , Thamrin Rendy , Zaidir  , Taufik
Published: August 2021

An experimental study of shear behaviour of reinforced concrete members with solid circular cross sections is presented. The test variables were ratio of longitudinal reinforcement and type of stirrups. The test was carried out on nine beams. Three beams were designed without stirrups, three with closed hoop stirrups, and the other with spiral stirrups. All tested beams were subjected to two-point monotonic loads. The test results showed that all beams without stirrups failed due to the shear force. Beams with hoop or spiral stirrups failed in flexural mode. The flexural capacity of beams with hoops and spiral stirrups was similar but the beams with spiral stirrups showed a slightly higher ductility. Analytical predictions showed that the chosen numerical model predicted the test result with good accuracy.
Controlled reduction of graphene oxide via hydrogen plasma for tuning sensitivity and recovery time of rGo based oxygen gas sensor
Authors: Fraih Ali Jabbar , Mutlaq Huda Musa
Published: August 2021

Graphene with high electronic transport, large surface-to-volume ratio and nanometer thickness is excellent for gas sensing applications. However, its sensitivity and recovery face serious limitations in practical considerations. In this study, graphene oxide (Go) sheets were synthesized and exposed to hydrogen (H2) plasma to reduced it into a reduced graphene oxide (rGo) in a controlled procedure. In this regard, Go sheets were irradiated with plasma at different times and their electrical properties were evaluated. The results showed that with increasing bombardment time from 2 to 8 min, the conductivity of the sheets increased but for a longer time no significant increase was observed compared to 8 min. Raman spectroscopy also showed that the increase in plasma radiation led to an increase in defects within the sheets. The appearance of defects in rGo improved its sensitivity to oxygen (O2) gas, but nevertheless reduced its recovery time. Therefore, by introducing the plasma bombardment process in a completely controlled way, we showed that the sensitivity and recovery time of rGo can be effectively tuned.
LHC Computing – the First 3 Decades
Authors: Sheirs Jamie
Published: August 2021

Computing for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN arguably started shortly after the commencement of data taking at the previous machine – LEP – some would argue it was even before. Without specifying an exact date, it was certainly prior to when today’s large(st) collaborations, namely ATLAS and CMS, had formed and been approved and before the LHC itself was given the official go-ahead at the 100th meeting of the CERN Council in 1995. Approximately the first decade was spent doing research and development; the second – from the beginning of the new millennium – on grid exploration and hardening; and the third providing support to LHC data taking, production, analysis and most importantly obtaining results.
Browser-based visualization framework Tracer for Outreach & Education
Authors: Sharmazanashvili Alexander , Udzilauri Nikoloz , Kobakhidze Shota , Todua Luka , Zurashvili Nino , Kverenchkhiladze Irakli
Published: August 2021

Education & outreach is an important part of HEP experiments. With outreach & education, experiments can have an impact on the public, students and their teachers, as well as policymakers and the media. The tools and methods for visualization enable to represent the detectors’ facilities, explaining their purpose, functionalities, development histories, and participant institutes. In addition, they make it possible to visualize different physical events together with important parameters and plots for physics analyses. 3D visualization and advanced VR (Virtual Reality), AR (Augmented Reality) and MR (Mixed Reality) extensions are the keys for successful outreach & education. This paper describes requirements and methods for the creation of browser-based visualization applications for outreach & education. The visualization framework TRACER is considered as a case study.
An intelligent Data Delivery Service for and beyond the ATLAS experiment
Authors: Guan Wen , Maeno Tadashi , Bockelman Brian Paul , Wenaus Torre , Lin Fahui , Padolski Siarhei , Zhang Rui , Alekseev Aleksandr
Published: August 2021

The intelligent Data Delivery Service (iDDS) has been developed to cope with the huge increase of computing and storage resource usage in the coming LHC data taking. iDDS has been designed to intelligently orchestrate workflow and data management systems, decoupling data pre-processing, delivery, and main processing in various workflows. It is an experiment-agnostic service around a workflow-oriented structure to work with existing and emerging use cases in ATLAS and other experiments. Here we will present the motivation for iDDS, its design schema and architecture, use cases and current status, and plans for the future.
Updates on usage of the Czech national HPC center
Authors: Svatoš Michal , Chudoba Jiří , Vokáč Petr
Published: August 2021

The distributed computing of the ATLAS experiment at LHC has used computing resources of the Czech national HPC center IT4Innovations for several years. The submission system is based on ARC-CEs installed at the Czech Tier2 site (praguelcg2). Recent improvements of this system will be discussed here. First, there was a migration of the ARC-CE from version 5 to 6 which improves the reliability and scalability. A shared filesystem built on top of sshfs 3.7 no longer represents performance bottleneck. It provided an order of magnitude better transfer performance. New Singularity containers with full software stack can easily fit default resource limits on the IT4I cluster filesystem. A new submission system, allowing sequential running of payloads in one job, was set and adapted to HPC’s environment, improving usage on worker nodes with very high number of cores. Overall, the whole infrastructure provides significant contribution to resources provided by praguelcg2.
Methods of Data Popularity Evaluation in the ATLAS Experiment at the LHC
Authors: Beermann Thomas , Chuchuk Olga , Di Girolamo Alessandro , Grigorieva Maria , Klimentov Alexei , Lassnig Mario , Schulz Markus , Sciaba Andrea , Tretyakov Eugeny
Published: August 2021

The ATLAS Experiment at the LHC generates petabytes of data that is distributed among 160 computing sites all over the world and is processed continuously by various central production and user analysis tasks. The popularity of data is typically measured as the number of accesses and plays an important role in resolving data management issues: deleting, replicating, moving between tapes, disks and caches. These data management procedures were still carried out in a semi-manual mode and now we have focused our efforts on automating it, making use of the historical knowledge about existing data management strategies. In this study we describe sources of information about data popularity and demonstrate their consistency. Based on the calculated popularity measurements, various distributions were obtained. Auxiliary information about replication and task processing allowed us to evaluate the correspondence between the number of tasks with popular data executed per site and the number of replicas per site. We also examine the popularity of user analysis data that is much less predictable than in the central production and requires more indicators than just the number of accesses.
Samba and CERNBox: Providing online access to Windows-based users at CERN
Authors: Lo Presti Giuseppe , Brosa Iartza Aritz , Bukowiec Sebastian
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the experience in providing CERN users with direct online access to their EOS/CERNBox-powered user storage from Windows. In production for about 15 months, a High-Available Samba cluster is regularly used by a significant fraction of the CERN user base, following the migration of their central home folders from Microsoft DFS in the context of CERN’s strategy to move to open source solutions.

We describe the configuration of the cluster, which is based on standard components: the EOS-backed CERNBox storage is mounted via FUSE, and an additional mount provided by CephFS is used to share the cluster’s state. Further, we describe some typical shortcomings of such a setup and how they were tackled. Finally, we show how such an additional access method fits in the bigger picture, where the storage is seamlessly accessed by user jobs, sync clients, FUSE/Samba mounts as well as the web UI, whilst aiming at a consistent view and user experience.
WLCG Token Usage and Discovery
Authors: Bockelman Brian , Ceccanti Andrea , Dack Thomas , Dykstra Dave , Litmaath Maarten , Sallé Mischa , Short Hannah
Published: August 2021

Since 2017, the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) has been working towards enabling token based authentication and authorisation throughout its entire middleware stack. Following the publication of the WLCG Common JSON Web Token (JWT) Schema v1.0 [1] in 2019, middleware developers have been able to enhance their services to consume and validate the JWT-based [2] OAuth2.0 [3] tokens and process the authorization information they convey. Complex scenarios, involving multiple delegation steps and command line flows, are a key challenge to be addressed in order for the system to be fully operational. This paper expands on the anticipated token based workflows, with a particular focus on local storage of tokens and their discovery by services. The authors include a walk-through of this token flow in the RUCIO managed data-transfer scenario, including delegation to FTS and authorised access to storage elements. Next steps are presented, including the current target of submitting production jobs authorised by Tokens within 2021.
Experience with Rucio in the wider HEP community
Authors: Barisits Martin , Beermann Thomas , Cameron David , Clark James Alexander , Di Maria Riccardo , Fronzé Gabriele Gaetano , Johnson Ian , Lassnig Mario , Serfon Cédric , Vaandering Eric W
Published: August 2021

Managing the data of scientific projects is an increasingly complicated challenge, which was historically met by developing experiment-specific solutions. However, the ever-growing data rates and requirements of even small experiments make this approach very difficult, if not prohibitive. In recent years, the scientific data management system Rucio has evolved into a successful open-source project that is now being used by many scientific communities and organisations. Rucio is incorporating the contributions and expertise of many scientific projects and is offering common features useful to a diverse research community. This article describes the recent experiences in operating Rucio, as well as contributions to the project, by ATLAS, Belle II, CMS, ESCAPE, IGWN, LDMX, Folding@Home, and the UK’s Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC).
Preparing for HL-LHC: Increasing the LHCb software publication rate to CVMFS by an order of magnitude
Authors: Bocchi Enrico , Blomer Jakob , Couturier Benjamin , Burr Christopher , van der Ster Dan
Published: August 2021

In the HEP community, software plays a central role in the operation of experiments’ facilities and for reconstruction jobs, with CVMFS being the service enabling the distribution of software at scale. In view of High Luminosity LHC, CVMFS developers investigated how to improve the publication workflow to support the most demanding use cases. This paper reports about recent CVMFS developments and infrastructural updates that enable faster publication into existing repositories. A new CVMFS component, the CVMFS Gateway, allows for concurrent transactions and the use of multiple publishers, increasing the overall publication rate on a single repository. Also, the repository data has been migrated to Ceph-based S3 object storage, which brings a relevant performance enhancement over the previously-used Cinder volumes. We demonstrate how recent improvements allow for faster publication of software releases in CVMFS repositories by focusing on the LHCb nightly builds use case, which is currently by far the most demanding one for the CVMFS infrastructure at CERN. The publication of nightly builds is characterized by a high churn rate, needs regular garbage collection, and requires the ability to ingest a huge amount of software files over a limited period of time.