bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strategi Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik
Authors: ulum nindia alfiyatul
Published: July 2023

studi ini mengeksplor peran guru dalam proses interaksi belajar mengajar, minat siswa, strategi pembelajaran, dan hasil pembelajaran
Concerted Efforts To Downplay The Milestones Of The Republic Of Türkiye And Turkish History
Authors: Tulun Teoman Ertuğrul
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the commemorations and milestones significant to Turkish history from 1915 to 1923, a tumultuous period of warfare and nation-building marked by the Battle of Gallipoli and the Turkish War of Independence. This research argues that the concerted efforts represent a strategy to defame the Turks and the Republic of Türkiye, serving as a distraction from the notable Turkish victories and establishment of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. Further, the study uncovers recent attempts to construct an overarching narrative of Christian genocide, led predominantly by certain lobby groups and diaspora factions in Western Europe and the USA. This discourse dangerously oversimplifies and distorts historical complexities and is often manipulated for geopolitical gains. Finally, the analysis highlights the significant influence of the Armenian and Greeks lobby in promoting anti-Turkish sentiment. This paper serves to address these distortions and argues for academic scrutiny that is both nuanced and contextually informed.
ANALISIS DAMPAK GAME ONLINE FREE FIRE TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SDIT 1 ADZKIA
Authors: meisari Lani
Published: July 2023

Abstrak Game online merupakan salah satu dari beberapa hiburan yang saat ini populer dikalangan siswa sekolah dasar. Dampak dari bermain game online bagi siswa ada dua yakni dampak positif dan dampak negatif.
Keep your trial on track: A data visualization approach to data collection monitoring in clinical trials
Authors: ROCHA THIAGO AUGUSTO HERNANDES , Staton Catherine A. , Minja Linda , Ngowi Kennedy , de Souza João Vítor Perez , Phillips Ashley J , Zadey Siddhesh , Boshe Judith , Vissoci Joao Ricardo Nickenig , Mmbaga Blandina
Published: July 2023

Background: Ensuring the quality of data collected in clinical trials can be a challenging task. Additional challenges arise in trials deployed in emergency department settings where factors such as low participant enrollment and loss of follow-up may be more prevalent. In this study, we describe the development of a data quality dashboard platform to provide real-time information on critical aspects of trial management for the trial “A Pragmatic Randomized Adaptive Clinical Trial to Investigate a Culturally Adapted Brief Negotiational Intervention for Alcohol Use in the Emergency Department in Tanzania” (NIH/NIAAA R01AA027512, PI Staton; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04535011) .Methods: We used an open-source solution named Shiny, based on the R programming language to develop a data quality monitoring dashboard to assess key parameters from an adaptive clinical trial. Briefly, the indicators included in the dashboard and the system requirements were defined after a needs assessment process addressing the specifications requested by trial sponsors and regulatory policies. Results: The resulting dashboard (available at: http://rapid-1698.vm.duke.edu:3842/pract/) is capable of providing real-time information on various aspects of trial management, including enrollment trends, record errors and missing data, patient follow-up status, and patient safety. The automated nature of the tool allows trial investigators and staff to inspect the data at a glance, without the need for direct access to sensitive data and coding skills. Overall, the integration of the dashboard into the trial management process increased the efficiency that decisions are made, thus ensuring adherence to regulatory policies and improving the care provided to patients.Conclusions: This work shows that data visualization solutions such as dashboards can aid in the management of clinical trials by addressing complex tasks and improving adherence to protocols and guidelines. However, it is important to note that the findings of this study may not be generalizable to other clinical trials with different designs, protocols, software, or infrastructures.
Tangible Resources and Effective E-Learning Implementation in Selected Ugandan Public Universities
Authors: Mugizi Wilson
Published: July 2023

This study assessed the influence of tangibles resources on the effective implementation of e-learning during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic era in public universities in Uganda. The concept of tangible resources was based on Resource Based View Theory. Universities' tangible resources for e-learning were operationalized in terms of ICT teaching facilities, access to ICT facilities, e-library resources, and university ICT implementation policies. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from a sample of 312 academic staff using a questionnaire survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings revealed that access to ICT facilities and university ICT policy positively and significantly predicted e-learning implementation. However, ICT teaching facilities and libraries e-resources positively but insignificantly predicted e-learning implementation. The conclusions of the study were to the effect that access to ICT facilities and universities' ICT policies are imperative for the implementation of e-learning. Nevertheless, ICT teaching facilities and libraries' e-resources do not necessarily lead to the effective implementation of e-learning. The study recommended that university managers should make effort to ensure that ICT facilities are accessible to lecturers and students, and develop policies guiding the implementation of e-learning. University managers should also make university ICT resources and library e-resources more accessible to lecturers and students.
Psychological effects of multisensory VR exposure-based autobiographical memory retrieval
Authors: Ceciu Ramona L. , Cirneci Dragos
Published: July 2023

The advance of virtual reality technology has allowed it to be used as a research tool for enhancing cognitive functioning or to improve current therapy treatments for different types of mental disorders. The objective of this study was to test the immersion effect and psychological effects of a new multisensory VR exposure-based autobiographical memory retrieval procedure (combining image, sound, odor and movement) by comparison with the odor-evoked autobiographical memory procedure. The procedure combines 3D images, sound, odor and movement in order to trigger autobiographical retrieval. Stimuli used are chosen by the participants as being relevant for a period of their life that they consider important, full of satisfaction. We found that multisensory VR exposure-based autobiographical memory retrieval induced a presence effect above the value considered average, also reduced momentary stress (although not significantly different from odor-evoked autobiographical memory procedure) and managed to increase the level of optimism, significantly more than odor-evoked autobiographical memory procedure. We proposed that multisensory VR exposure-based autobiographical memory retrieval procedure can be integrated into an inter-disciplinary “cyber-psychological” approach combining technology and psychology for reducing stress and boosting optimism.
Transporting Heat Flux From the US and Europe to Antarctica Guided by Regional Seismic Structure
Authors: Zhang Shane , Ritzwoller Michael
Published: July 2023

Subglacial geothermal heat flux affects the dynamics of the Antarctic ice sheet but is poorly known. We estimate heat flux across West Antarctica and the interior of East Antarctica by transporting heat flux observations from the contiguous US and Europe, based on seismic structure with a lateral resolution of about \qty{100}{km}. We transport with three Machine Learning models across a hierarchy of complexity (Linear Regression, Decision Tree, and Random Forest). We have validated the models within the US and Europe and cross-validated them between the two continents. The uppermost mantle shear wavespeed is the primary predictor. The geographical patterns can be reasonably reproduced but the variability tends to be underestimated. Antarctic heat flux estimates are highly consistent between the three Machine Learning models, but we report the Decision Tree results. In West and East Antarctica, respectively, we estimate subcontinental-scale heat flux values of $64\pm \hfu{7}$ (spatial mean $\pm$ standard deviation) and $53 \pm \hfu{3}$. Heat flux varies regionally across West Antarctica from \hfu{50} to \hfu{83} and across East Antarctica from \hfu{50} to \hfu{74}. Particularly high heat flux occurs in the western Transantarctic Mountains and Marie Byrd Land in West Antarctica and the lowest heat flux occurs in Victoria Land, the Wilkes Subglacial Basin, the Vostok Subglacial Highland, and south of Maud Subglacial Basin in East Antarctica. We estimate systematic errors including a constant shift in the continental average (\hfu{2.5}) and a variability (higher highs, lower lows) of $25\%$ from the continental average, along with an average random error of about \hfu{13} in West Antarctica and \hfu{10} in East Antarctica. Our estimates are consistent with a recent seismically-based study by \textcite{Shen_etal_2020} but are significantly lower in West Antarctica than a magnetically-based study by \textcite{Martos_etal_2017}. To resolve such inconsistencies, validation of all proxies against heat flux observations outside Antarctica is needed.
Narrative Identity May or May Not Be Related to Well-Being: Comment on Gehrt et al. (2023)
Authors: Syed Moin
Published: July 2023

Comments on Gehrt, T. B., Nielsen, N. P., Hoyle, R. H., Rubin, D. C., & Berntsen, D. (2023). Narrative identity does not predict well-being when controlling for emotional valence. Memory, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2023.2218632, arguing that the authors' claims went beyond their data. Also makes a broader argument for the need for methodological rigor in the study of narrative identity.
Confidence ratings do not distinguish imagination from reality
Authors: Dijkstra Nadine , Mazor Matan , Fleming Stephen M
Published: July 2023

Perceptual reality monitoring refers to the ability to distinguish internally triggered imagination from externally triggered reality. Such monitoring can take place at perceptual or cognitive levels – for example, in lucid dreaming perceptual experience feels real but is accompanied by a cognitive insight that it is not real. We recently developed a paradigm to reveal perceptual reality monitoring errors during wakefulness in the general population, showing that imagined signals can be erroneously attributed to perception during a perceptual detection task. In the current study, we set out to investigate whether people have insight into perceptual reality monitoring errors by additionally measuring perceptual confidence. We used hierarchical Bayesian modelling of confidence criteria to characterize metacognitive insight the effects of imagery on detection. Over two experiments, we found that confidence criteria moved in tandem with the decision criterion shift, indicating a failure of reality monitoring not only at a perceptual, but also at a metacognitive level. These results further show that such failures have a perceptual rather than a decisional origin. Interestingly, offline queries at the end of the experiment revealed global, task-level insight, which was uncorrelated with local, trial-level insight as measured with confidence ratings. Taken together, our results demonstrate that confidence ratings do not distinguish imagination from reality during perceptual detection. Future research should further explore the different cognitive dimensions of insight into reality judgements and how they are related.
Ten Tips for Running Behavioral Experiments Using Human Participants
Authors: Konovalov Arkady
Published: July 2023

The calls for open science have led to significant positive developments in research on human behavior. However, many methodological issues specific to behavioral science remain overlooked. Here I review eight key questionable practices that are ubiquitous in interdisciplinary research.
On the difficulty of rational number formats
Authors: Spitzer Markus , Ruiz-Garcia Miguel , Strittmatter Younes , Moeller Korbinian
Published: July 2023

Rational numbers pose a significant challenge in mathematics education. A recent suggestion was to facilitate learning by designing a curriculum that introduces the different formats of rational numbers (i.e., fractions, decimals, and percentages), starting with the easiest. However, conclusive evidence on the respective difficulty of the different rational number formats is largely missing. Additionally, difficulty may be not only influenced by the format itself but also by other factors such as problem types (e.g., visualization, calculation, and word problems) and characteristics (e.g., common/different denominators for fractions) and a comprehensive analysis of the influence of these factors on the difficulty of rational numbers is missing. To address this gap, we analyzed a large-scale dataset (58,341 students; 3.8 million problems) from an intelligent tutoring system. Our comparative analysis between formats revealed small but significant differences (<4%) in difficulty. However, within each format, we observed substantial variation in difficulty (ranging from approximately 90% to 50% accuracy) driven by problem types, with visualization problems yielding the highest accuracy, followed by mere calculation and word problems. Moreover, specific characteristics such as common/different denominators for fractions and the positioning of digits around the decimal point for decimals also influenced the difficulty. These findings suggest that the difficulty of rational numbers depends more on problem types and characteristics within each format rather than the format itself. Therefore, curriculum design may prioritize facilitating learning across types and characteristics within rational number formats rather than making changes to the curriculum based on the formats alone.
Letting go of the Grail: Falsifying the theory of ‘true’ eyewitness identifications
Authors: McCormick Kym Michelle , Semmler Carolyn
Published: July 2023

Various formal and informal models of eyewitness memory have been proposed. While serving to guide both the construct and analytical frameworks of research within the field, these models have yet to be critically tested through a process of empirical falsification. This study addresses this gap by critically testing four hypotheses: the hypotheses that eyewitness memory possesses both (1) random-scale and (2) monotonic-likelihood representation; the hypothesis that eyewitness memory data is (3) accurately predicted by high-threshold (HT) models; and the hypothesis that a mathematical model of eyewitness identification provides a (4) good representation of the psychological constructs of eyewitness memory and decision making. After investigating the Block-Marschak inequalities test for random-scale and monotonic-likelihood representation and developing a new critical test for the falsification of the high threshold (HT) models, two experiments were conducted online with a total of 5,056 participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk. Experiment 1 collected k-AFC probabilities for lineup sizes k ∈ {2,…,7}. Experiment 2 collected identification and ranking probabilities from a simultaneous 8-item lineup using a 3 (strong, weak, very weak memory) x 2 (low vs high expectation) x 2 (target-present vs target-absent) between-subject experimental design. Eyewitness identification outcomes were shown to have both random-scale and monotonic likelihood representation, thus allowing for development of a mathematical model. The 2HT models of eyewitness memory were falsified and superseded by an alternative surviving model—signal detection theory (SDT). Finally, the predictive ability of the unequal-variance (UV) SDT model of simultaneous lineup identification (assuming a MAX decision rule) was confirmed, as was the independence of the model’s parameters and its generalizability across task structures. It was concluded that the UV-SDT class of models provide an evidence-based account of eyewitness identification behavior, support the measurement of empirical eyewitness identification data, and have facilitated a shift towards the building of stronger scientific evidence.
Teaching actively open-minded thinking online: encouraging effects of a serious computer game and an online module
Authors: Erceg Nikola , Andrić Lara , Bosilj Leonarda , Britvić Fedra Dolores , Čeko Ante , Dedić Magdalena , Diatlovska Stefani , Jakopović Mirta , Jakopović Tamara , Jelić Dominik , Komlinović Tesa , Kostanić Marija , Leverić Nikolina , Neznanović Iva , Ostoić Fran , Prevendar Magdalena , Tadijan Martina , Tokić Lucija , Vukasović Matej , Zahirović Anisa , Mikac Una , Palanović Antun , Ružojčić Mitja , Kovačić Maja Parmač , Galic Zvonimir
Published: July 2023

Actively open-minded thinking (AOT) represents a standard for good judgment and decision making and people differ in their proneness to this way of thinking. Studies show that people inclined to AOT are less erroneous and biased on decision-making tasks, hold less unwarranted beliefs and are more accurate in a range of judgments. However, there are very few studies that tested the possibility of teaching AOT. In this study, we report results of an experiment in which we tested the effectiveness of our two newly developed online interventions for teaching AOT, a serious computer game and an online module. Results showed weak but encouraging effects of these interventions. Compared to the control group, the interventions managed to somewhat reduce overconfidence and myside bias, and in the short run increase participants' tendency to be actively open-minded in various everyday situations.
Youth Partner Engagement in the Development of an Integrated Care Pathway for the Treatment of Adolescents with Depression
Authors: Prebeg Matthew , Relihan Jacqueline , Darnay Karleigh , McCann Emma , szatmari peter , Henderson Joanna , Courtney Darren
Published: July 2023

Youth engagement is increasingly being recognized as a valuable and necessary component of youth mental health research, though literature on practical strategies for implementing youth engagement principles is still in its infancy. This article outlines youth engagement activities for a multi-component intervention, specifically an integrated care pathway (ICP) for Major Depressive Disorder in adolescents (MDD-A). The roles of youth partners, and the extent of their involvement at various research stages are described. Tangible recommendations that can be applied across research studies are provided. Successes and lessons learned are discussed, highlighting the importance of involving youth early in the research process and recognizing lived experience as an expertise in its own right.
Regulating Emotions About Secrets
Authors: Bianchi Valentina , Greenaway Katharine Helen , Slepian Michael , Kalokerinos Elise Katherine
Published: July 2023

Secrecy is common and psychologically costly. Research shows that secrets have high emotional stakes, but no research has directly tested how people regulate their emotions about secrets. To fill this gap, we conducted an experimental study (Study 1), then moved to studying secrecy ‘in the wild’ to capture regulatory processes as they unfold in everyday life (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 1 (N=498), people reported using putatively maladaptive strategies to regulate emotions about secrets compared to matched non-secrets. In two daily diary studies (N Study 2=174, 1059 surveys; N Study 3=240, 2764 surveys), participants reported engaging in acceptance, distraction, and expressive suppression most—and social sharing least—to manage emotions about secrets. Moreover, in testing which kinds of secrets required most regulation, Study 3 suggested that significant, negative, and socially harmful secrets were associated with greater use of maladaptive strategies like rumination and suppression, while secret immorality, discoverability, and controllability did not differentially predict regulation strategies. Our findings indicate that when regulating emotions about their secrets, people appear to prioritize their intention to keep secret information hidden, despite the well-being costs of enacting this intention. Thus, the regulation profile of secrecy does not appear to be an adaptive one, though our findings do point to potential methods of managing secrets in more beneficial ways.
Can behavioural genetics advance the study of children’s play?
Authors: Francis Gill Althia , Toseeb Umar
Published: July 2023

This article discusses how play research can draw on genetically sensitive data to investigate individual differences in children’s play and tackle questions relating to the origin and function of play in child development. Recent advances in genetic research show that human traits are heritable in that they are partially influenced by individual differences in DNA and behavioural traits show significant substantial genetic associations with the environment. How this relates to play is currently unclear as there is a lack of published studies using methodologies from quantitative genetic techniques like twin studies, genome-wide association studies, and polygenic modelling to study play in an ethically appropriate way. We suggest that variables related to children, their parents, and their genetic propensities can be used to explore linkages between play, children’s developmental outcomes and the environment. Such work can potentially help us better understand how play functions as a developmental mechanism.
Group as a biological market: Eliminating reputation concern decreases ingroup-favouring cooperation and punishment
Authors: Arai Sakura , Tooby John , Cosmides Leda
Published: July 2023

Accumulating evidence suggests that group is a cue of reputation-based partner choice: it evokes an assumption that one is being recognized and evaluated as a cooperation partner and thereby triggers reputation concern. For instance, studies have demonstrated that people cooperate more with ingroup than outgroup members, but this bias disappears when the beneficiary does not know the donor is a fellow ingroup member and, thus, is unlikely to evaluate the donor as a partner. Here, we further examined this hypothesis by (i) testing whether people avoid reputation-harming behaviour, such as second-party punishment, and (ii) manipulating anonymity instead of membership knowledge. Across three experiments (N = 723), participants were less likely to punish ingroup than outgroup partners, while cooperating more with ingroup partners. However, when participants were anonymous, the degree to which people favoured ingroup decreased regardless of study setting (online vs. in-person) or sample (convenience vs. college). That is, without reputation concern, people donated less to ingroup members and were less hesitant to punish them. The results illustrate that our mind perceives one’s group as a “market” for cooperation partners and employs a default reputation-management strategy—up-regulating motivations to cooperate while down-regulating punitive motivations—unless other cues challenge its necessity.
A comprehensive item-level examination of Conscientiousness’ underlying structure across three large samples
Authors: Phillips Nathaniel Luke , Van Til Kaela , Lynam Donald , Miller Josh
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Conscientiousness is among the strongest predictors of individual differences in major life outcomes. Yet decades of work understanding the optimal lower-order structure of Conscientiousness has not rectified the differences that remain among existing models and measures. To precisely measure its relations to major life outcomes, it is necessary to work toward a comprehensive, replicable conceptualization of the construct’s structure. Methods: The present pre-registered study used three samples (Ns = 446, 406, & 424) to explore the domain’s latent structure with item-level “bass-ackward” factor analyses and evaluate the resulting structure’s interpretability, parsimony, and replicability. Participants completed self-report measures of Conscientiousness and criteria in its nomological network (e.g., FFM traits, externalizing behavior, disinhibitory traits; informant reports were collected as well). Results: The factor analyses identified five interpretable and replicable factors (i.e., Deliberation, Order, Industriousness, Self-Discipline, and Dependability) using predominant measures of general personality. An additional factor (i.e., Traditionalism) was introduced in the six-factor solution when the item pool was expanded to include less widely used measures of general personality. Conclusion: The authors discuss the item composition of each factor, their relation to existing models and measures of the domain’s structure, their association with relevant criteria, and the general implications of conceptualizing Conscientiousness using flexible, item-level factor analysis.
Mental Health Penalties of Childbearing in a Family Friendly Welfare State
Authors: Hart Rannveig Kaldager , Baranowska-Rataj Anna , Dang Thang , Kravdal Øystein , Syse Astri
Published: July 2023

Having a child changes both stressors and joys in life profoundly, with implications for mental health. The evidence of effects of childbearing on mental health beyond the perinatal period is scarce. Few studies account for underlying mental health differences between parents and childless. We analyze full population register data of ~229,000 Norwegian men and women, who had a first child 2010-2018. We estimate fixed effects/event study models on person-year records, with the number of mental health consultation in primary care as outcome. We compare men and women who have a first child to a control group of not-yet-parents, and test empirically that the groups are comparable. Our main predictor is the duration to/from first birth. Our results are consistent with parenthood causing an increase in mental health consultations for men: Mental health consultations increase sharply after the birth of a first child, and the results are robust to alternate specifications. For women, the results are less robust. Our findings have clear policy relevance, as the health of parents has implications for their labor supply and supply of additional children.
Laws of Economics under Socialism
Authors: Gindler Allen
Published: July 2023

This article argues that praxeology, as a general theoretical approach, can explain the emergence of the socialist doctrine. However, socialist laws of economics cannot be derived from praxeology. It is specifically shown that the immutability of market economic laws does not allow society to achieve a full-fledged communist reality. Using the Soviet Union as an example, this article demonstrates that the market economy cannot be eradicated, despite government efforts, but is omni- present even if it is ostensibly outlawed. Also, this article demonstrates that Ludwig von Mises’s conclusion about the principal impossibility of economic calculation under socialism is fully applicable to the highest stage of communism, as theorized in Marxism. In relation to socialism in a broader sense, as the collectivization of the means of production grows, the magnitude of the impairment of economic calculation grows with it. Socialist thinkers failed to rebuff Mises’s reasoning because all their proposals violated the economic uncertainty principle: the exact price structures before the exchange are unknown and are in superposition.
Combating Climate-Induced Health Threats Through Co-Constitutive Risk (CCR) Messaging: A One Health Communication Approach
Authors: Landrum Asheley R. , Motta Matt , Stecula Dominik
Published: July 2023

Climate-facilitated spread of mosquito-borne pathogens to new environments elevates the importance of policies that limit greenhouse gas emissions as well as the development and uptake of new pharmaceutical interventions. Whereas past research attempts to bolster support for both through either climate or health risk communication, fewer attempt to combine the risks borne by climate change and infectious disease with a single messaging intervention, i.e., co-constitutive risk messaging (CCR), a strategy of an integrative approach we call One Health Communication. In a pre-registered experiment embedded in a nationally representative survey (N = 2,200), we test whether CCR messaging impacts support for pharmaceutical interventions to minimize dengue fever health risks and/or policy efforts to mitigate climate change. We find that CCR messages are generally effective at increasing support for pharmaceutical interventions aimed at ameliorating the health risks posed by dengue fever. Moreover, we find suggestive evidence that people who hold more-collectivistic worldviews are especially receptive to messages that emphasize the public (vs the personal) health risks of dengue fever. In post hoc exploratory analyses, we show that CCR messages effect public support for climate change mitigation policies among those who express doubts about human-caused climate change. We conclude by discussing the usefulness of CCR messaging, and One Health Communication approaches more broadly, in various strategic communication contexts and considering additional avenues for future research.
Multispecies Vikings: Animals, people, and cyborgs in the Late Iron and Viking Ages
Authors: Eriksen Marianne Hem , Ratican Claire
Published: July 2023

Several stimulating studies over the last decades have shown how animals played a major role in Viking ritual practice and cosmology. Simultaneously, social theory has moved leaps and bounds in decentring humans as the default masters of the world, rather accepting that the world is and always has been more-than-human. Recent turns to animals, multispecies archaeology and post-anthropocentrism provide powerful new thinking tools that cast many of our assumptions about the world in a radically new light. This chapter approaches the role of animals in the Viking Age anew through case studies of animals in burial and animals in ritual deposition in settlements. Are these animal bodies straightforward expressions of 'property', 'wealth' or 'sacrifice'? How do we approach past practices that do not fit our preconceived categories and notions?
Machine learning in healthcare: Mirage or miracle for breaking the costs dead-lock?
Authors: Ayoubi Charles
Published: July 2023

The ageing population in all developed economies and the limited productivity characterizing the healthcare sector are leading to alarmingly increasing costs. The current rapid advances in machine learn-ing (ML), a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI), offer new automation and prediction capabilities that could, if properly integrated, help address the healthcare costs deadlock. Are ML-driven solutions the ap-propriate ingredient to produce this necessary transformation, or are they condemned to face the same destiny as previous attempts to remodel healthcare delivery? This paper aims at bringing first elements to answer this question by providing both qualitative and quantitative evidence on the development of ML in healthcare and discussing the organizational and institutional conditions for the ML potential to be real-ized. Building on a novel search methodology for publications and patents in ML and on hospital surveys, our results reveal two major observations. On the one hand, while the publication rate in the field has tripled in the last decade, the level of patenting in ML applied to healthcare has so far been relatively low. This result has several potential explanations, such as the early stage of the technology, its rapid growth, and the emergence of new business models based on data accumulation and appropriation rather than patenting. On the other hand, the bulk of firms’ publications are produced by IT firms rather than by com-panies in healthcare. This last observation seems to be driven by the disruptiveness of the new ML tech-nology allowing the entry of new actors in healthcare. The technology producers benefit from their mas-tery of ML and the lack of investment and capabilities among health experts.
Model Komunikasi Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Pada Program Operasi Kasih Sayang Penertiban Pelajar di Serdang Bedagai
Authors: Indrawati Yenira Vegi
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proses komunikasi, faktor pendukung dan penghambat serta menganalisis model komunikasi pada program Operasi Kasih Sayang Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologo, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pelaksanaan program Operasi Kasih Sayang Satpol PP Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai selalu mengutamakan pendekatan komunikasi antarpribadi secara persuasif sedangkan tindakan koersif menjadi penyelesaian akhir melalui sanksi untuk mencegah kembali terjadinya penyimpangan perilaku pelajar dalam membolos sekolah. Konstruksi pesan yang dilakukan Satpol PP sangat bergantung dari terbentuknya interaksi dan intensitas komunikasi dalam melakukan pendekatan terhadap para pelajar yang ditertibkan dalam Operasi Kasih Sayang, serta disesuaikan dari latar belakang, pendidikan, sikap keterbukaan dan perasaan dari para pelajar. simpulan model komunikasi pada program Operasi Kasih Sayang menggambarkan pelaksanaan aktivitas komunikasi antarpribadi dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak yang menjadi mitra Satpol PP Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dengan memberikan ruang interaksi dan komunikasi secara dinamis, simultan dan berulang-ulang dengan tujuan mengubah sikap pelajar ke arah yang lebih positif.
Fear of Missing Out dan Kasus Seks Bebas Pada Remaja di Wilayah Hukum Polres Batubara
Authors: Muchlis Sri , Mailin  , Azhar  , Teuku Faisal  , Batubara Ahmad Fauzi
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak Fear of Missing Out (FoMo) terhadap perilaku seks bebas pada remaja di wilayah hukum Polres Batubara. FoMo adalah ketakutan dari seseorang untuk ketinggalan informasi apapun di media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara, serta kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa penggunaan media sosial secara berlebihan akan menciptakan FoMo. Dampak FoMo bukan hanya diartikan sebagai menatap layar ponsel dalam waktu yang lama. Lebih dari itu, FoMo atau kecanduan dalam bermedia sosial membuat kita lupa akan batasan-batasan yang harus dijaga, sehingga terpengaruh hal negatif. Salah satunya menjadi pemicu perilaku seks bebas pada remaja. Menurut data Unit Perlindungan Anak dan Perempuan (PPA) Polres Batubara, Pada tahun 2019 silam, terjadi 93 kasus, di tahun 2020 terjadi 126 kasus, dan sejak awal Januari hingga Juni 2021 telah  terjadi  62 kasus. Penyebab seluruh kasus yang mereka tangani tidak lain adalah FoMo
Strategi Komunikasi Taruna Siaga Bencana Dalam Mensosialisasikan Urgensi Mitigasi Bencana di Kota Medan
Authors: Tanjung Rachma Sari , Sikumbang Ahmad Tamrin , Winda Kustiawan
Published: July 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui strategi komunikasi Tagana, efektivitasnya, dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam penanggulangan bencana di Kota Medan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan pengolahan dan analisis data diawali dengan reduksi data yang terkumpul dilapangan, kemudian menyajikan data dan menarik kesimpulan. Informan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Kepala Dinas Sosial Kota Medan, Sekretaris Dinas Sosial Kota Medan, Koordinator Jabatan Fungsional Perlindungan Sosial Korban Bencana Alam, Koordinator Jabatan Fungsional Perlindungan Sosial Korban Bencana Sosial,  dan Koordinator Tagana Kota Medan, Strategi komunikasi Tagana Pertama, serta perencanaan yang dilakukan meliputi persiapan, penilaian kerentanan bencana, membangun komunikasi dengan instansi terkait, dan menyiapkan bantuan yang mampu dalam hal penanggulangan bencana. Temuan penelitian meliputi strategi komunikasi. melakukan geladi bersih, simulasi bencana, dan pelatihan. Kedua, efisiensi strategi komunikasi Tagana yang mendorong masyarakat untuk selalu siap menghadapi bencana dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang pentingnya penanaman pohon dan kebersihan lingkungan. Selain itu, Tagana telah mengajarkan masyarakat setempat untuk mengadakan diskusi kota siaga bencana di setiap sub-wilayah, mengajar siswa melalui program Tagana go to school, siap untuk merencanakan kerjasama dalam pemerintahan dan para stakeholder. Ketiga, mereka menghadapi perbedaan teknis, semantik, manusia dan individu sebagai hambatan komunikasi
Forms of Ocular Larval Toxocariasis in Childhood. A Review
Authors: Krásný Jan , Šach Josef
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to present an outline of forms of ocular manifestations of visceral larva migrans in children, as illustrated by the extensive photographic documentation. Ocular larval toxocariasis (OLT) has various clinical manifestations even in childhood age, in which age representation has an influence. The most common is presence of peripheral granuloma of the eye, frequently with a tractional vitreal streak leading from the retinal periphery to the optic nerve papilla. This is followed by granuloma of the posterior pole of the eye, usually reaching from the macular landscape to the central retinal periphery, always with vitritis. In children OLT may be manifested also in affliction of the optic nerve (cystic granuloma of the head of the optic nerve or neuropathy with vitreal reaction), fulminant endophthalmitis and in rare cases also diffuse chorioretinitis. The diagnosis rests upon a clinical ophthalmological finding, as well as laboratory examination of the levels of antibodies with potential eosinophilia. Histological examination may demonstrate spherical polypoid ossification in the choroid at the posterior pole of the eye as a consequence of fibrotisation and calcification, proceeding from the surrounding area of the absorbed larva. General combined treatment with antihelminthics and corticosteroids is arduous and does not always produce the desired effect in the sense of a satisfactory improvement of visual acuity. In differential diagnostics, manifestations of OLT in small children are still associated with retinoblastoma and a clinical picture of other intraocular diseases.
Visual Outcomes, Contrast Sensitivity, and Satisfaction with Multifocal Intraocular Lens Blended Technique: Late Mid-term Results
Authors: Blanco Nicolas Alberto , Tello Alejandro , Galvic Virgilio , Mogollón Elizabeth Mendoza
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To describe clinical visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction after cataract surgery with blending implantation of ReSTOR (Alcon laboratories) multifocal intraocular lenses.
Material and Methods: A single-arm, non-randomized prospective study assessed patients undergoing cataract surgery with ReSTOR® +2.50 intraocular lens in the dominant eye and +3.00 add in the fellow eye between January 2015 to January 2020.
Results: In total, 47 patients (94 eyes) were enrolled, 28 women and 19 men. The average age at surgery time was 64 ±8 years, average postoperative follow-up was 45.4 ±7.0 months, with a minimum of 18.9 months. Postoperative binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was on average 0.07 logMar (Snellen 20/24), uncorrected binocular intermediate visual acuity at 65 cm was 0.07 logMar (20/24), uncorrected binocular near visual acuity at 40 cm was 0.06 logMar (20/23). Contrast sensitivity under photopic and scotopic conditions, with and without glare, remained at the upper limit of normality. 98% of patients were quite satisfied or very satisfied. 87% did not require glasses for any activities, either at distant vision, nor at near vision.
Conclusions: Cataract surgery with ReSTOR® IOL blended vision showed medium-term satisfactory visual results, achieving spectacle independence and a high level of satisfaction.
Changes of Surgically Induced Corneal Astigmatism and Position of Artificial Intraocular Lens over Time
Authors: Popov Ivajlo , Juhas Ján , Kopálová Kamila , Krásnik Vladimír
Published: July 2023

Aims: To analyze changes in surgically induced corneal astigmatism and artificial intraocular lens (IOL) stability over time following cataract surgery. To compare the interchangeability of measurements between an automatic keratorefractometer (AKRM) and a biometer.
Material and methods: In this prospective observational study, the above-mentioned parameters were collected from 25 eyes (25 subjects) on the first day, first week, first and third month after uncomplicated cataract surgery. We used IOL-induced astigmatism (difference between refractometry and keratometry) as an indirect indicator of IOL stability change. We used the Blant-Altman method to analyze consistency between devices.
Results: At the above time points, surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) decreased as follows: 0.65 D; 0.62 D; 0.60 D and 0.41 D (in the first day, week, month and third month respectively). Astigmatism induced by changes of the position of the IOL varied as follows: 0.88 D; 0.59 D; 0.44 D and 0.49 D. Changes in both parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Neither the measurements of the astigmatism value nor the astigmatism angle showed a statistically significant difference between the devices (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Both surgically induced astigmatism and astigmatism induced by IOL decreased over time, in which both changes were statistically significant. The decrease in SIA was most pronounced between the first and third month after surgery. For IOL-induced astigmatism, the greatest decrease was within the first month after surgery. The differences in measurement between the biometer and AKRM were statistically insignificant, but the clinical interchangeability between the given methods is questionable, especially with regard to measurement of the astigmatism angle.
Ocular Discomfort in Professional Polo-Water Players: A Practical Experience with Topical Hyaluronic Acid and Glycuronate Enoxolone
Authors: La Mantia Ignazio , Bannò Paolo , Scollo Paolo , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: July 2023

Aims: Professional polo-water athletes are exposed to chlorine in the swimming pool. Chlorine is an irritant agent, so polo-water athletes commonly experience irritative eye symptoms. Hyaluronic acid and glycuronate enoxolone exert anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activity. Therefore, the present practical experience explored the efficacy and safety of eye drops containing both components.
Material and Methods: The current study included 59 professional polo-water athletes. The ocular surface disease index (OSDI) and dry eye-related quality of life (QoL) score (DEQS) questionnaires were used to assess the efficacy. Subjects took the eye drops for one month. The study consisted of a baseline visit (T0) and an end-treatment one (T1).
Results: Athletes experienced a significant improvement in symptoms and QoL as assessed by OSDI and DEQS scores (p < 0.001 for both).
Conclusion: The present study showed that professional polo-water athletes frequently experience ocular discomfort associated with swimming pool attendance. Eye drops with hyaluronic acid and glycuronate enoxolone can significantly relieve eye symptoms and improve the quality of life in these athletes.
Prof. Dr Carl Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt (1812–1887): His Life and Work During his Ophthalmological Career in Prague
Authors: Ivanišević Milan
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the life and work in Prague of the famous ophthalmologist Carl Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt (1812‒1887).
The paper presents data on his stay in Prague while studying Medicine and working as a private physician and ophthalmologist. Professor von Arlt was Head of the Chair of Ophthalmology at Charles University. He was Director of the Eye Clinic at Prague General Hospital from 1849 to 1856. A detailed description is given of his residences and their appearance today. Very little has been written about this aspect, so the paper will be a supplement to his impressive biography. A brief, chronological, systematic and concise biography is also provided, including details of his family and his contributions to Ophthalmology.
During his 25-year stay in Prague (1831–1856), he commuted between the city centre and the General Hospital where he worked. He changed the location of his residence five times. It is important to note and not to forget where one of the greatest ophthalmologists of the 19th century worked and resided in Prague.
Rheohemapheresis in the Treatment of Dry Form of AMD. A Case Report
Authors: Stěpanov Alexandr , Langrová Hana , Studnička Jan , Burova Marya
Published: July 2023

Aim: We present a case report of a patient with dry form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in whom we monitored the effect of rheohemapheresis (RhF) treatment over 6 years.
Methods: A 67-year-old man was examined in April 2014 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové for metamorphopsia and decreased visual acuity of the left eye. The patient received general treatment for hypercholesterolemia with Lipfix 10 mg once a day (atorvastatin 10 mg). The cholesterol level in the blood was 3.41 mmol/l, the lipid profile was normal. The patient’s previous ocular medical history was unremarkable.
The patient reported ocular complaints over the course of the last year, the main symptom of which was image distortion on the Amsler grid on the left eye. Baseline best corrected visual acuity of the left eye was 6/10. Visual acuity in the right eye was 6/6. In both eyes, the findings on the anterior segment corresponded to the patient’s age, with the exception of incipient cortical cataract. On the fundus of both eyes, the border of the optic nerve was demarcated, in the macula of the left eye there were a number of soft confluent drusen, in the central periphery there were no pathological changes. On the fundus of the right eye the finding was similar, but to a lesser degree. Optical coherence tomography on the macula of the left eye showed drusoid ablation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), with accumulation of hyperreflectivities below the RPE. Pattern-reversal electroretinography (pERG): showed a slightly prolonged retention of the activity of the central region of the retina (p50 wave) and ganglion cells (N95 wave). Multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in the central 30° of the retina was within normal limits. Electroretinography (ERG) demonstrated physiological photopic and scotopic rod activity. The patient was treated with 8 RhF procedures, two per week, with a 2-week interval, and the pulse was repeated 4 times.
Results: We noted a gradual resorption of soft drusen in the patient, with attachment to the RPE line according to OCT examination at the following six-monthly check-ups over the next 6 years. Visual acuity of both eyes was maintained at the baseline values at the last check-up in April 2020, the area of soft drusen was significantly reduced. The function of the rod, cone system and the central region of the retina mfERG fluctuated only to an insignificant degree during the entire follow-up period, with a tendency towards a slight increase in activity after RhF treatment.
Conclusion: We noted an improvement of the anatomical and functional findings in a patient with dry form of AMD during a 6-year follow-up period after RhF treatment. The visual acuity of the affected eye remained at the baseline values.