bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fecal microbiota transplantation reverses insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: A randomized, controlled, prospective study
Authors: Wu Zezhen , Zhang Bangzhou , Chen Fengwu , Xia Rongmu , Zhu Dan , Chen Baolong , Lin Aiqiang , Zheng Chuyan , Hou Ducheng , Li Xiaoyu , Zhang Shuo , Chen Yongsong , Hou Kaijian
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Recent studies have shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) improved the metabolic profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet the effectiveness in reversing insulin resistance and increasing metformin sensitivity in T2DM patients have not been reported. In this study, we evaluated the improvements of T2DM patients and their gut microbiota by FMT alone and FMT plus metformin.

Methods

A total of 31 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were randomized to intervention by metformin, FMT, or FMT plus metformin in the study. Patients were followed up at baseline and week 4 after treatment. Blood and stool samples were collected and subject to analyze clinical parameters and microbial communities by metagenomic sequencing, respectively.

Results

FMT alone and FMT plus metformin significantly improved the clinical indicators HOMA-IR and BMI in T2DM, besides fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and hemoglobin A1c that were also controlled by metformin. Donor microbiota effectively colonized in T2DM with slightly higher colonization ration in FMT than FMT plus metformin within 4 weeks, resulting in increased microbial diversity and community changes from baseline after treatment. A total of 227 species and 441 species were significantly alerted after FMT and FMT plus metformin, respectively. FMT were significantly associated with the clinical parameters. Among them, Chlorobium phaeovibrioides, Bifidibacterium adolescentis and Synechococcus sp.WH8103 were potential due to their significantly negative correlations with HOMA-IR.

Conclusions

FMT with or without metformin significantly improve insulin resistance and body mass index and gut microbial communities of T2DM patients by colonization of donor-derived microbiota.
Sub-seasonal to seasonal drivers of dry extreme rainfall events over Northeast Thailand
Authors: Abatan Abayomi A. , Collins Matthew , Babel Mukand S. , Khadka Dibesh , De Silva Yenushi K.
Published: January 2023

The interannual El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation (BSISO) strongly modulate sub-seasonal to seasonal rainfall variability, leading to dry extreme rainfall events (DEREs) over Northeast (NE) Thailand. In this study, the ability of climate models to simulate the ENSO-BSISO-induced DEREs and associated synoptic features are evaluated using self-organizing maps. Observed DEREs occur most frequently during ENSO Neutral and La Niña conditions, when enhanced convection is located over central India and the Bay of Bengal. The intensity of observed DEREs are strengthened during El Niño when enhanced convection is observed over the western Pacific region. The climate models exhibit a diverse frequency of DEREs during ENSO phases, with some models showing better skill than others. On intraseasonal time scales, observed DEREs are favored when enhanced BSISO convection in phases 3–5 is located over the Bay of Bengal and the western Pacific region. Five models out of the 19 examined capture the observed pattern during BSISO phases 4 and 5, while only three models capture the BSISO phase 3 behavior. Composite maps of observed DEREs during the combined BSISO and ENSO conditions indicate that BSISO convection increases (decreases) DERE frequency during El Niño and Neutral (La Niña) phase(s). Climate models can simulate the occurrence of dry events associated with the combined BSISO and ENSO phases, but they do so in different BSISO phases.
Exploring the hidden connections between information channel use and pro-environmental behavior among recreational anglers of the shore-based shark fishery in Florida, United States
Authors: Guay Jessika D. , Brooks Jill L. , Chapman Jacqueline M. , Medd Hannah , Cooke Steven J. , Nguyen Vivian M.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Shore-based shark fishing in Florida is a relatively low-cost and easy-access fishery which attracts a wide variety of experienced and inexperienced anglers leading to concerns about proper handling methods of captured fish that are released either voluntarily or to comply with regulations. Proper handling methods can help reduce post-release mortality among sharks, many of which are threatened with extinction. Therefore, we considered proper handling methods as a pro-environmental behavior, which has been linked with the use of different information channels to increase conservation knowledge.

Methods

We used data from an online questionnaire to understand where anglers of this fishery obtain information about fishing skills with a particular focus on fish handling techniques and best practices for catch-and-release. Then we included their main information channels in a series of hierarchical regression models with perceived conservation knowledge and support for fishery management to explain pro-environmental behavior regarding shark conservation.

Results

We found that most anglers learned about shore-based shark fishing through interpersonal communications with friends and family, but typically use the internet to learn more about fishing skills. While information channel use was not significantly associated with pro-environmental behavior, it was significantly associated with support for fisheries management, which in turn was associated with pro-environmental behavior among respondents.

Discussion

These findings can inform public educational outreach efforts to spread awareness of proper handling techniques and reduce instances of post-release mortality in sharks.
Sex-related differences in incidence, phenotype and risk of sudden cardiac death in inherited arrhythmia syndromes
Authors: Asatryan Babken , Barth Andreas S.
Published: January 2023

Inherited Arrhythmia Syndromes (IAS) including long QT and Brugada Syndrome, are characterized by life-threatening arrhythmias in the absence of apparent structural heart disease and are caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding cardiac ion channels or associated proteins. Studies of large pedigrees of families affected by IAS have demonstrated incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. Biological sex is one of several factors that have been recognized to modulate disease severity in IAS. There is a growing body of evidence linking sex hormones to the susceptibility to arrhythmias, yet, many sex-specific disease aspects remain underrecognized as female sex and women with IAS are underinvestigated and findings from male-predominant cohorts are often generalized to both sexes with minimal to no consideration of relevant sex-associated differences in prevalence, disease manifestations and outcome. In this review, we highlight current knowledge of sex-related biological differences in normal cardiac electrophysiology and sex-associated factors that influence IAS phenotypes.
Shared gene characteristics and molecular mechanisms of macrophages M1 polarization in calcified aortic valve disease
Authors: Qin Ming , Chen Qian , Li Ning , Xu Xiangyang , Wang Chuyi , Wang Guokun , Xu Zhiyun
Published: January 2023

Background

CAVD is a common cardiovascular disease, but currently there is no drug treatment. Therefore, it is urgent to find new and effective drug therapeutic targets. Recent evidence has shown that the infiltration of M1 macrophages increased in the calcified aortic valve tissues, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to explore the shared gene characteristics and molecular mechanisms of macrophages M1 polarization in CAVD, in order to provide a theoretical basis for new drugs of CAVD.

Methods

The mRNA datasets of CAVD and M1 polarization were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. R language, String, and Cytoscape were used to analyze the functions and pathways of DEGs and feature genes. Immunohistochemical staining and Western Blot were performed to verify the selected hub genes.

Results

CCR7 and GZMB were two genes appeared together in hub genes of M1-polarized and CAVD datasets that might be involved in the process of CAVD and macrophages M1 polarization. CCR7 and CD86 were significantly increased, while CD163 was significantly decreased in the calcified aortic valve tissues. The infiltration of M1 macrophages was increased, on the contrary, the infiltration of M2 macrophages was decreased in the calcified aortic valve tissues.

Conclusion

This study reveals the shared gene characteristics and molecular mechanisms of CAVD and macrophages M1 polarization. The hub genes and pathways we found may provide new ideas for the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of M1 polarization during CAVD process.
Bayesian network analysis of panomic biological big data identifies the importance of triglyceride-rich LDL in atherosclerosis development
Authors: Voros Szilard , Bansal Aruna T. , Barnes Michael R. , Narula Jagat , Maurovich-Horvat Pal , Vazquez Gustavo , Marvasty Idean B. , Brown Bradley O. , Voros Isaac D. , Harris William , Voros Viktor , Dayspring Thomas , Neff David , Greenfield Alex , Furchtgott Leon , Church Bruce , Runge Karl , Khalil Iya , Hayete Boris , Lucero Diego , Remaley Alan T. , Newton Roger S.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

We sought to explore biomarkers of coronary atherosclerosis in an unbiased fashion.

Methods

We analyzed 665 patients (mean ± SD age, 56 ± 11 years; 47% male) from the GLOBAL clinical study (NCT01738828). Cases were defined by the presence of any discernable atherosclerotic plaque based on comprehensive cardiac computed tomography (CT). De novo Bayesian networks built out of 37,000 molecular measurements and 99 conventional biomarkers per patient examined the potential causality of specific biomarkers.

Results

Most highly ranked biomarkers by gradient boosting were interleukin-6, symmetric dimethylarginine, LDL-triglycerides [LDL-TG], apolipoprotein B48, palmitoleic acid, small dense LDL, alkaline phosphatase, and asymmetric dimethylarginine. In Bayesian analysis, LDL-TG was directly linked to atherosclerosis in over 95% of the ensembles. Genetic variants in the genomic region encoding hepatic lipase (LIPC) were associated with LIPC gene expression, LDL-TG levels and with atherosclerosis.

Discussion

Triglyceride-rich LDL particles, which can now be routinely measured with a direct homogenous assay, may play an important role in atherosclerosis development.

Clinical trial registration

GLOBAL clinical study (Genetic Loci and the Burden of Atherosclerotic Lesions); [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01738828?term=NCT01738828&rank=1], identifier [NCT01738828].
Gender, ethnic, and socioeconomic differences in access to catheter ablation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Hamade Hani , Jabri Ahmad , Mishra Pooja , Butt Muhammad Umer , Sallam Sherin , Karim Saima
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Female patients, patients from racial minorities, and patient with low socioeconomic status have been noted to have less access to catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study using a large population database (Explorys) to evaluate the gender, racial and socioeconomic differences in access of catheter ablation therapy in patient with atrial fibrillation.

Results

A total of 2.2 million patients were identified as having atrial fibrillation and 62,760 underwent ablation. Females had ablation in 2.1% of cases while males received ablation in 3.4% of cases. Caucasians had ablation in 3.3% of cases, African Americans in 1.5% of cases and other minorities in 1.2% of cases. Individuals on medicaid underwent ablation in 1.6% of cases, individuals on medicare and private insurance had higher rates (2.8 and 2.9%, respectively). Logistic regression showed that female patients (OR 0.608, CI 0.597–0.618, p < 0.0001), patients who are African American (OR 0.483, CI 0.465–0.502, p < 0.0001), or from other racial minorities (OR 0.343, CI 0.332–0.355, p < 0.0001) were less likely to undergo ablation. Patient with medicare (OR 1.444, CI 1.37–1.522, p < 0.0001) and private insurance (OR 1.572, CI 1.491–1.658, p < 0.0001) were more likely to undergo ablation.

Conclusion

Female gender, racial minorities, low socioeconomic status are all associated with lower rates of catheter ablation in management of atrial fibrillation.
A regionally verified method for fusion indexes of gas outbursts in adjacent seams within close coal seam groups
Authors: Zhang Shuai
Published: January 2023

To effectively solve the problem of regional verification of gas outbursts adjacent to close coal seam groups, a method of regional verification and index fusion of the working face was proposed to promote the general idea of advanced detection, index fusion, and the determination of the critical values, inspection, and verification. Based on the engineering background of Xiaotun Coal Mine and advanced geological exploration, drilled holes were arranged in key locations and consisted of small intervals between layers, thickened coal seams, and geological structural belts. Moreover, fusion indexes were selected according to the statistical analysis of laboratory tests and on-the-spot measurements, which can be used to determine that the critical value of the residual gas content of the fusion indexes of the six adjacent upper coal seams is 8 m3/t and K1 is 0.50 ml/g.min1/2. The results illustrate that the method for measuring residual gas content and the fusion index of the K1 value during the effect test of regional prevention measures is convenient and effective for advanced regional verification of adjacent coal seams, which can also provide a reference and guiding significance for the regional verification of adjacent coal seams of gas outbursts under similar conditions.
Velocity changes after the 2021 MS 6.4 Yangbi earthquake based on passive image interferometry
Authors: Zhou Cong , Fu Lei , Shi Kexu , Zeng Xiangzhi , Zhang Pei
Published: January 2023

An MS 6.4 earthquake occurred in Yangbi, Yunan Province, China, on 21 May 2021. The epicenter was on the blind branch fault in the west of the Weixi–Qiaohou–Weishan fault, but no surface rupture was obvious. In the present study, the continuous vertical component of waveforms that were recorded in six nearby permanent stations was collected and the noise cross-correlation and autocorrelation techniques were utilized to investigate velocity changes that were induced by the Yangbi Earthquake. Velocity changes based on the single-station autocorrelation method reveal mainly coseismic declines, and a maximum of .09% was recorded in the EYA station. Results from the cross-correlation technique show both positive and negative velocity changes, and these lasted for approximately 3 months. The volumetric strain that was generated by the Yangbi Earthquake at a depth of 5 km exhibits an obvious four-quadrant distribution. Station pairs in the dilatation region (e.g., EYA–HEQ) mainly display a decrease in velocity, whereas those in the contraction region (e.g., BAS–TUS, TUS–YUL, and LUS–TUS) show an increase in velocity. Based on the depth sensitivity of scattered waves, velocity changes that were obtained using the noise cross-correlation involve the highest weight coefficients near the related two stations. Regarding stations of one station pair in different stress loading regions, the static stress of the station that is nearest to the epicenter exerted a greater impact on the velocity change. The observed velocity changes are likely attributed to a combination of near-surface physical damage and static stress changes. The validation of clock errors with magnitudes of seconds that were obtained using the noise cross-correlation and effects of these errors on measured velocity changes are also discussed.
The impact of Holocene deglaciation and glacial dynamics on the landscapes and geomorphology of Potter Peninsula, King George Island (Isla 25 Mayo), NW Antarctic Peninsula
Authors: Heredia Barión Pablo A. , Strelin Jorge A. , Roberts Stephen J. , Spiegel Cornelia , Wacker Lukas , Niedermann Samuel , Bentley Michael J. , Pearson Emma J. , Czalbowski Nadia T. Manograsso , Davies Sarah J. , Schnetger Bernhard , Grosjean Martin , Arcusa Stephanie , Perren Bianca , Hocking Emma P. , Kuhn Gerhard
Published: January 2023

The timing and impact of deglaciation and Holocene readvances on the terrestrial continental margins of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) have been well-studied but are still debated. Potter Peninsula on King George Island (KGI) (Isla 25 de Mayo), South Shetland Islands (SSI), NW Antarctic Peninsula, has a detailed assemblage of glacial landforms and stratigraphic exposures for constraining deglacial landscape development and glacier readvances. We undertook new morphostratigraphic mapping of the deglaciated foreland of the Warszawa Icefield, an outlet of the Bellingshausen (Collins) Ice Cap on Potter Peninsula, using satellite imagery and new lithofacies recognition and interpretations, combined with new chronostratigraphic analysis of stratigraphic sections, lake sediments, and moraine deposits. Results show that the deglaciation on Potter Peninsula began before c. 8.2 ka. Around c. 7.0 ka, the Warszawa Icefield and the marine-facing Fourcade Glacier readvanced across Potter Peninsula and to the outer part of Potter Cove. Evidence of further readvances on Potter Peninsula was absent until the Warszawa Icefield margin was landward of its present position on three occasions: c. 1.7–1.4 ka, after c. 0.7 ka (most likely c. 0.5–0.1 ka), and by 1956 CE. The timing of Holocene deglaciation and glacier fluctuations on Potter Peninsula are broadly coeval with other glacier- and ice-free areas on the SSI and the northern AP and likely driven by interactions between millennial–centennial-scale changes in solar insolation and irradiance, the southern westerlies, and the Southern Annular Mode.
The necessary optimization of the data lifecycle: Marine geosciences in the big data era
Authors: Lee Taylor R. , Phrampus Benjamin J. , Obelcz Jeffrey
Published: January 2023

In the marine geosciences, observations are typically acquired using research vessels to understand a given phenomenon or area of interest. Despite the plateauing of ship time and active research vessels in the last decade, the rate of marine geoscience data production has continued to increase. Simultaneously, there exists large quantities of legacy data aggregated within data repositories; however, these data are rarely curated to be both discoverable and machine-readable (i.e., accessible). This results in inefficient use, or even omission, of high-quality data, that is, both increasingly important to utilize and impractical to recollect. The proliferation of newly acquired data, and increasing importance of legacy data, has only been met with incremental evolution in the methods of data integration. This paper describes some improvements at each stage of the data lifecycle (acquisition, curation, and integration) that could align the marine geosciences better with the “big data” paradigm. We have encountered several major issues coordinating these efforts which we outline here: 1) geologic anomalies are the primary focus of data acquisition and pose difficulty in understanding the dominant (i.e., baseline) marine geology, 2) marine geoscience data are rarely curated to be accessible, and 3) aforementioned issues preclude the use of efficient integration tools that can make optimal use of data. In this paper, we discuss challenges and solutions associated with these issues to overcome these concerns in future decades of marine geoscience. The successful execution of these interconnected steps will optimize the lifecycle of marine geoscience data in the “big data” era.
Lagged response of summer precipitation to solar activity in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Yuting , Wang Chi
Published: January 2023

In the context of more frequent extreme precipitation worldwide, the Sun’s influence on global or regional rainfall patterns has attracted much attention. Due to its vital importance to Chinese industrial and agricultural production, the precipitation property in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) remains a hot issue. Although previous works have implied the plausible influence of solar activity on precipitation in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the time-lagged effect is still an open question. In this paper, we adopt the China-Z index (CZI) to represent the original precipitation data, which is proposed to monitor moisture conditions over China and is more sensitive to solar activity. We explore the lagged correlations between summer precipitation in the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and solar activity. The China-Z index in June-July is negatively correlated with the sunspot number in July of the preceding year, giving a time lag of 11 months. Based on the composite analysis, we suggest that solar activity possibly modulates the precipitation by influencing the local moisture and its vertical movement through the sea-land thermal contrast and the associated East Asian summer monsoon on a much larger scale.
Research on real estate 3D modeling based on integration of physical entity and property entity
Authors: Zhang Jiyi , Yang Fan , Shi Zhifeng , Zhang Chi , Zhou Liangchen
Published: January 2023

The essence of three-dimensional (3D) real estate modeling is to build a 3D model that meets the requirements of the registration business in the information world according to the objective form of real estate objects and relevant legal provisions on real estate registration. It is the application of digital twin technologies in the field of real estate registration. In recent years, scholars have carried out much research and made a number of representative achievements in the field of 3D real estate modeling. Many countries and regions have started to implement 3D real estate registration. However, different countries have different legal provisions on real estate registration. Compared with other countries and regions in the world that have implemented 3D real estate registration, China’s 3D real estate registration is still in the exploratory stage. Although Chinese scholars have conducted much research from the perspectives of the 3D real estate registration mode, modeling method, legal framework, etc., existing studies mainly focus on the geometric modeling of physical entities and ignore the research on integrated modeling of physical entities and property right entities of real estate objects. Meanwhile, existing research results lack a combination with real estate registration practice. This research is one of the core contents of the pilot construction of Xinyi City’s two-dimensional (2D) and 3D integrated real estate electronic license registration. Combined with the real estate registration business practice in Xinyi City, this paper has developed a multilevel 3D real estate property rights modeling technology that integrates the physical entities and property right entities of the real estate registration object. The research results were applied to the real estate registration management of Xinyi City, supporting the issuance of the first 2D and 3D integrated real estate registration electronic license in Jiangsu.
Design thinking capabilities in the digital world: A bibliometric analysis of emerging trends
Authors: Dragičević Nikolina , Vladova Gergana , Ullrich Andre
Published: January 2023

Recent research suggests that design thinking practices may foster the development of needed capabilities in new digitalised landscapes. However, existing publications represent individual contributions, and we lack a holistic understanding of the value of design thinking in a digital world. No review, to date, has offered a holistic retrospection of this research. In response, in this bibliometric review, we aim to shed light on the intellectual structure of multidisciplinary design thinking literature related to capabilities relevant to the digital world in higher education and business settings, highlight current trends and suggest further studies to advance theoretical and empirical underpinnings. Our study addresses this aim using bibliometric methods—bibliographic coupling and co-word analysis as they are particularly suitable for identifying current trends and future research priorities at the forefront of the research. Overall, bibliometric analyses of the publications dealing with the related topics published in the last 10 years (extracted from the Web of Science database) expose six trends and two possible future research developments highlighting the expanding scope of the design thinking scientific field related to capabilities required for the (more sustainable and human-centric) digital world. Relatedly, design thinking becomes a relevant approach to be included in higher education curricula and human resources training to prepare students and workers for the changing work demands. This paper is well-suited for education and business practitioners seeking to embed design thinking capabilities in their curricula and for design thinking and other scholars wanting to understand the field and possible directions for future research.
Does a cooperative training design influence pre-service teachers’ perceived quality of life?
Authors: Legrain Pascal , Lesellier Jeremy , Sanchez-Larrea Sophie , Escalie Guillaume
Published: January 2023

Purpose

One of the main challenges of teacher education is to prepare pre-service teachers (PSTs) to implement various instructional models that promote the quality of learning at school. Beyond individualistic efforts and competition, cooperative learning (CL) environments provide PSTs with opportunities to experience positive interpersonal relationships and support. However, both instructional content knowledge acquisition and motivation for serenely implementing learning environments later in classrooms depend on PSTs being trained to make links between theory, research, and practice. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of CL instructional programs on PSTs’ quality of life in light of their motivation and competencies for teaching in comparison with traditional direct instruction in the physical education (PE) setting.

Method

After a pre-test, 69 PE-PSTs were randomly assigned to one of the following three training conditions comprising a theoretical presentation of CL designs coupled with (a) a Learning Jigsaw experience (LJE), (b) a Teaching Jigsaw experience focused on instructional acts (TJE), and (c) a Direct Instruction experience (DI).

Results

Although integrating CL into the PE-PST training program positively influenced instructional content knowledge acquisition, unexpected results related to participants’ motivation were obtained when the instructor made links between theory, research, and practice focusing on the teaching activity during Jigsaw training sessions.

Discussion

Recommendations for planning innovative conditions in PE-PSTs’ training with respect to CL instruction and quality of life are discussed.
Prediction analysis of academic dropout in students of the Pablo de Olavide University
Authors: Cuevas López Mercedes , Díaz-Rosas Francisco , Díaz-Mohedo María Teresa , Vicente-Bújez Manuel Ricardo
Published: January 2023

Academic dropout among university students represents one of the problems faced by educational systems. This preliminary study presents an approach to the phenomenon of academic failure at the Pablo de Olavide University in Spain through the determination of the factors linked to students continuing with their studies, and the subsequent establishment of risk groups. The study consisted of applying an instrument to diagnose the risk of academic dropout among a sample of 70 students from the Pablo de Olavide University (from now on, UPO). The instrument was applied at the beginning of the second semester. Unlike the objective posed by the aforementioned authors (the search for factors linked to students continuing their university studies), the use that we made of the survey was to predict non-persistence (dropout). The average overall score achieved for all of the items allows us to confirm that the student population surveyed seems to be more oriented to continuing with their studies than dropping out, although 15.71% of them show a high risk of dropping out, and most notably more than half of those taking a degree in Business Studies present this high level of risk. In the case of the UPO students the direct associations between the independent variables regarding the dependent variable were present in all of the factors (attitude and behavior, commitment, socio-economic background, and motivation) with a value of p lower than 0.05. Comparing these data to those obtained with students from different universities in Andalusia, it was found that the risk groups of UPO students are less inclined to dropping out than those from other universities, and their level of commitment is lower, although their attitude and behavior are somewhat better. Finally, socio-economic background is a less significant factor for UPO students.
The high-performance linear scan imaging system of terahertz Si-based blocked-impurity-band detector
Authors: Wu Jianqing , Tao Jia-Jia , Zhang Chuansheng , Zhang Haoxing , Zhang Lei , Chen Dong , Wang Xiaodong
Published: January 2023

Terahertz (THz) Si-based blocked-impurity-band (BIB) detector is becoming the overwhelming choice for applications in space-based instruments, airborne, and imaging systems. A high-performance linear scan imaging system based on the THz Si-based BIB detector is designed. Through the optimized design of cryogenic Dewar and a suitable optical system, the imaging system reduces background stray radiation, and then improves the THz imaging performance of the detector. At the temperature of 4.2 K and the bias of 2.6V, the blackbody peak responsivity of the Si-based BIB detector is 23.77A/W, while the dark current is 4.72×10−11 A and the corresponding responsivity non-uniformity is less than 6.8%. Moreover, the experiment results show that the noise equivalent temperature difference (NETD) of the whole system reaches 10mK, and the spatial resolution reaches 50 µm. This work is beneficial to the larger scale array integrated BIB imaging system.
Serum microcystin-LR levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A Chinese nested case-control study
Authors: Lin Ying , An Rongjing , Wu Chunli , Liu Huixia , Deng Jing , Tan Hongzhuan , Chen Lizhang , Chen Mengshi , Ma Shujuan
Published: January 2023

Background

Previous experimental studies have reported an association between microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and glucose homeostasis, but whether exposure to MC-LR is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) requires further epidemiological study. This study aims to explore the effects of MC-LR on GDM.

Methods

A prospective nested case-control study was performed in the Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital (HPMCHH) in South China. A total of 119 patients with GDM and 238 controls were enrolled in the study. The two independent samples t-test, or chi-square test was used to compare the difference between the GDM group and the non-GDM group. Binary logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) by controlling for confounders.

Results

The cumulative incidence of GDM in our sample was 13.7%. The detection rate of MC-LR in the GDM group were significantly higher than those in the control group (44.2% vs. 29.4%; p=0.007). Our results show that an elevated serum MC-LR level in the first trimester of pregnancy was related to an increased risk of GDM (OR: 1.924; 95% CI: 1.092-3.391; p<0.05). When stratified by age, educational level, parity, and passive smoking, significantly relationships were observed among those aged >30 years, lower income, higher education, none passive smoking, and more likely to be multiparous.

Conclusions

Our data reveals that serum MC-LR level in the first trimester is independently associated with GDM.
Role of paraspinal muscle degeneration in the occurrence and recurrence of osteoporotic vertebral fracture: A meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Zhi , Shi Tengbin , Li Wenwen , Sun Jun , Yao Zhipeng , Liu Wenge
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Recently, the effects of paraspinal muscle degeneration on osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) have attracted the attention of researchers; however, studies are limited, and their results vary. Hence, this study aimed to determine the role of paraspinal muscle degeneration in the occurrence and recurrence of OVF.

Methods

Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline, the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were comprehensively searched for relevant studies. Studies comparing the cross-sectional area (CSA) or fatty infiltration (FI) of the paraspinal muscles (including the psoas (PS), erector spinae plus multifidus (ES+MF), quadratus lumborum) in patients with and without initial OVF, or with and without recurrent OVF were included and analyzed.

Results

Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Seven studies investigated the effects of paraspinal muscles on initial OVF, and the overall results revealed significantly lower CSAES+MF (SMD: -0.575, 95% CI: -0.866 to -0.285) and CSAPS (SMD: -0.750, 95% CI: -1.274 to -0.226), and higher FI (SMD: 0.768, 95% CI: 0.475 to 1.062) in the fracture group. Meanwhile, four studies evaluated the effects of the paraspinal muscles on recurrent OVF, and the pooled results demonstrated significantly higher FI (SMD:0.720, 95% CI: 0.258 to 1.182) in the refracture group, although no significant difference in CSAES+MF (SMD: -0.103, 95% CI: -0.395 to 0.189) was observed between the two groups.

Conclusions

Paraspinal muscle degeneration plays a role in the occurrence and recurrence of OVF. Assessing the paraspinal muscles may be useful for identifying high-risk populations.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42021276681).
Potential therapeutic effect of NK1R antagonist in diabetic non-healing wound and depression
Authors: Li Mingyu , Ma Hao , Zhang Shunuo , Peng Yuan , Ding Liang , Zhang Yixin , Min Peiru
Published: January 2023

Diabetes is a global disease with huge impacts on patients due to its complications, among which non-healing wounds and depression are common and challenging. The neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) inhibitor, aprepitant has been broadly applied for an antidepressant effect in depressive patients. Recent literature has indicated a therapeutic effect of downregulation in NK1R to diabetes-related fracture, cardiomyopathy, gastroparesis, and ocular surface disorders. In this study, differential expression genes in diabetes and depression were analyzed based on several RNA sequencing datasets from the GEO database to confirm NK1R in the overlapping set. Interaction network and gene set enrichment analysis were subsequently conducted. As a result, NK1R-related genes took part in angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), collagen deposition, and inflammation in diabetes and depression. In vivo, the downregulation of NK1R was proved to promote vascular proliferation and enhance diabetic wound healing, which provides a potential therapeutic target for the management of diabetic non-healing wounds and depression.
Identification of bi-allelic KIF9 loss-of-function variants contributing to asthenospermia and male infertility in two Chinese families
Authors: Meng Zhixiang , Meng Qingxia , Gao Tingting , Zhou Hui , Xue Jiajia , Li Hong , Wu Yibo , Lv Jinxing
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Asthenozoospermia (AZS) is a leading cause of male infertility, affecting an estimated 18% of infertile patients. Kinesin proteins function as molecular motors capable of moving along microtubules. The highly conserved kinesin family member 9 (KIF9) localizes to the central microtubule pair in the flagella of Chlamydomonas cells. The loss of KIF9 expression in mice has been linked to AZS phenotypes.

Methods

Variant screening was performed by whole exome sequencing from 92 Chinese infertile patients with AZS. Western blot was used to was used for analyzing of candidate proteins expression. Patients’ sperm samples were stained with immunofluorescent to visualise proteins localization and were visualised by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine axoneme structures. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to verify the binding proteins of KIF9. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was used to evaluate the efficiency of clinical treatment.

Results

Bi-allelic KIF9 loss-of-function variants were identified in two unrelated Chinese males exhibiting atypical sperm motility phenotypes. Both of these men exhibited typical AZS and suffered from infertility together with the complete absence of KIF9 expression. In contrast to these KIF9-deficient patients, positive KIF9 staining was evident throughout the flagella of sperm from normal control individuals. KIF9 was able to interact with the microtubule central pair (CP) component hydrocephalus-inducing protein homolog (HYDIN) in human samples. And KIF9 was undetectable in spermatozoa harboring CP deletions. The morphologicy of KIF9-deficient spermatozoa appeared normal under gross examination and TEM. Like in mice, in vitro fertilization was sufficient to overcome the fertility issues for these two patients

Discussion

These findings indicate that KIF9 associates with the central microtubules in human sperm and that it functions to specifically regulate flagellar swinging. Overall, these results offer greater insight into the biological functions of KIF9 in the assembly of the human flagella and its role in male fertility.
The effect of low volume high-intensity interval training on metabolic and cardiorespiratory outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Yang , Ou Yiran , Wang Ke , Wang Zhenghao , Zheng Xiaofeng
Published: January 2023

Aims

The present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to investigate the effect of low volume high-intensity interval training (LVHIIT) on the metabolic and cardiorespiratory outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

Relevant articles were sourced from PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to October 2022. The study search strategy and all other processes were implemented in accordance with the PRISMA statement.

Results

Five randomized controlled trials that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in this meta-analysis. The LVHIIT group had significantly lower fasting blood glucose levels (RR= -1.21; 95% CI= -2.02— -0.40, p = 0.0032) and HbA1c levels (RR= -0.65; 95% CI= -1.06— -0.23, p = 0.002) and higher levels of insulin resistance indicator HOMA-IR (RR= -1.34; 95% CI = -2.59— -0.10, p = 0.03) than the control group. Moreover, our results show that LVHIIT can reduce body mass (RR = -0.94, 95% CI = -1.37— -0.51, p<0.0001) and body mass index (RR = -0.31, 95% CI = -0.47— -0.16, p<0.0001). LVHIIT had a better therapeutic effect on blood lipid metabolism, such as total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides. However, the change in fasting insulin levels was not statistically significant (RR= -1.43; 95% CI = -3.46— 0.60, p =0.17). Furthermore, LVHIIT reduced the systolic blood pressure (RR =-4.01, 95% CI = -4.82 – -3.21, p<0.0001) and improved peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) compared to the control group (RR= 5.45; 95% CI = 1.38 – 9.52, p =0.009).

Conclusion

After a certain period of LVHIIT, glycaemic control, insulin resistance, body weight, lipid profile and cardiorespiratory outcomes were significantly improved in T2DM patients.
System optimization of steam generation in the dual-flash compound circulation system
Authors: Hao Zhang , Yanting Zhang , Lin Wang , Jingyu Xu , Zheng Huang , Guangzhi Zhang , Yunlong Zheng
Published: January 2023

Concentrating on the problem of massive energy loss in the compressor, expansion valve, and the other components present in the high-temperature heat pump system under extensive temperature lift, the dual-flash compound circulation system is proposed and the thermodynamic model of the dual-flash compound circulation system was established. The article combines the multivariate simulated annealing algorithm, utilizes the system COP as the optimization goal, and completes the calculation of the thermodynamic parameters in the steady-state of the system that is based on satisfying the conditions of the system process. Using R245fa as the refrigerant, the condensation temperature is set within the range of 110°C–140°C for the model calculation. The results show that, compared to the traditional two-stage compression system under the same environment, the COP of the dual-flash compound circulation system can be increased up to 5.71%–12.13%, and the exergy efficiency can be increased by 5.11%–10.71%, respectively. Besides, steam production per unit refrigerant is also increased by 3.79%–5.14%. Finally, the feasibility of the theoretical model is verified by simulation, and it is concluded that the dual-flash compound circulation system has better steam production performance at the extensive temperature lift and the elevated condensation temperature.
Spatio-temporal variation of PM2.5 pollution in Xinjiang and its causes: The growing importance in air pollution situation in China
Authors: Yao Xuefeng , Ge Baozhu , Li Aibing , Chen Guanjun , Fan Fan , Xu Danhui , Wang Yuge , Tang Xiao , Kong Lei , Wang Zifa
Published: January 2023

Due to the differences in topographic features, water vapor distribution and emission structures between the north and south of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (hereinafter Xinjiang), the air pollution exhibits remarkable spatial heterogeneity in this region. In this study, Xinjiang is divided into four regions from north to south at the municipality scale based on the data from air quality monitoring sites recorded from 2013–2019, namely, the clean area in the north of northern Xinjiang (region I), the heavily polluted area of the Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi region (region Ⅲ), the moderately polluted area in the north of southern Xinjiang (region Ⅱ), and the severely polluted area in the south of southern Xinjiang (region Ⅳ). For highly polluted regions in northern and southern Xinjiang, regions Ⅲ and Ⅳ are compared with those typical polluted regions in central and eastern China, and the spatio-temporal variation characteristics and the causes of PM2.5 pollution in each sub-region are discussed. The results show that the region Ⅲ is a typical area with anthropogenic air pollution source, where the occurrence frequency of PM2.5 pollution with the intensity of moderate level or above (18%) is higher than the most heavily polluted area in central and eastern China (16%, regions from the south of North China to the west of Huang-Huai). The region IV is a typical area affected by dust weather, where the pollution frequency being about 52% is much higher than that in other typical polluted regions. In addition, under the combined effects of anthropogenic sources and dust aerosols, the pollution duration in region II is prolonged. Therefore, in contrast to the remarkable improvement of air quality in central and eastern China, the air pollution in typical regions of Xinjiang has become relatively more severe in recent years. Moreover, as Xinjiang is in the upstream of the central and eastern China in the mid-latitude westerlies, the heavy pollution due to sand and dust, anthropogenic sources and their mixing effects has a far-reaching impact on the downstream areas, further highlighting the growing importance of pollution prevention and control in Xinjiang.
Research on compensation standards for cultivated land protection based on a value-added benefit model in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wang Yuejian , Yan Xin , Wang Lei , Xia Baofei , Yang Guang , Fan Zili
Published: January 2023

This study examines the content of the compensation standard measurement for cultivated land protection to effectively address the imbalance between local economic development and cultivated land protection. The empirical analysis relies on a value-added benefit model. Using the grain supply and demand balance method, 14 prefectures (cities) in Xinjiang were divided into cultivated land deficit/surplus areas, and based on the theory of value-added benefits of converting cultivated land to construction land, a compensation standard measurement system for cultivated land protection was established, and correction coefficients such as potential urban development intensity and government payment capacity were introduced to accurately determine the realistic compensation standard for cultivated land protection in areas that are paid and receive compensation. The results of the study found that the total surplus area of cultivated land in Xinjiang is 271.57 × 104 hm2, which is in surplus overall, while within Xinjiang, four states (cities) are cultivated land deficit areas, which are also the areas that need to pay compensation amounts, and 10 states (cities) are cultivated land surplus areas, which receive compensation payments. The average compensation standard for cultivated land protection in Xinjiang is 24.27 × 104 RMB/hm2, while the compensation standard for cultivated land protection in each state (city) is mainly influenced by the benchmark land price and the comprehensive value of cultivated land, of which the benchmark land price is the core factor affecting the compensation standard. In terms of the total amount of compensation, the total amount of compensation paid for cultivated land protection in Xinjiang is 5,323.93 × 108 RMB, which is paid by the provinces where cultivated land is scarce, and in terms of the provinces, by the four compensation areas to the remaining 10 reimbursement areas, for which we put forward policy suggestions such as adopting diversified forms of compensation, alleviating financial pressure, financing through multiple channels, securing sources of funding, establishing cultivated land protection compensation standards, dynamic measurement platforms, and supervision and management mechanisms to realize long-term compensation mechanisms for cultivated land. The study is conducive to clarifying the rights and responsibilities of cultivated land protection, mobilizing the motivation of the main actors in cultivated land protection, and promoting balance and harmony between regional economic development and cultivated land protection.