bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pochonia suchlasporia
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Zare R. , Games W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Pochonia suchlasporia
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Both varieties parasitize nematode eggs, rarely insect larvae. HOSTS: NEMATODA: var.
suchlasporia: Heterodera
spp., more rarely
Globodera rostochiensis
(DACKMAN 1990); var.
catenata
: also
Heterodera avenae
(ZARE
et al.
, 2001). INSECTA:
Lymantria dispar
(gipsy moth,
Lepidoptera
) (CARROLL, 1987, as
Verticillium coccosporum
; ZARE
et al.
, 2001). Also isolated from soil. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Mainly temperate (EUROPE, NORTH AMERICA: USA, Canada) but also reported from Cuba (HIDALGO-DIAZ
et al.
, 2000). TRANSMISSION: Soil- and air-borne.
Echidnodella natalensis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Inácio C. A. , Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Echidnodella natalensis
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Parasitic on living leaves, apparently with biotrophic nutrition. HOSTS:
Eugenia zuluensis
(
Myrtaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne ascospores and conidia.
Echidnodes rhoina
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Inácio C. A. , Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Echidnodes rhoina
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Parasitic on living leaves, apparently with biotrophic nutrition. HOSTS:
Rhus lucida, R. mucronata, R. schlechteri
(
Anacardiaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne ascospores.
Polystomella caulicola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Inácio C. A. , Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Polystomella caulicola
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Parasitic on living stems, not causing significant necrosis. HOSTS:
Asparagus
sp. (
Liliaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. None reported. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne ascospores.
Septoria rhamni-catharticae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Septoria rhamni-catharticae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOSTS:
Rhamnus alaternus, R. cathartica, R. pallasii, R. purshiana
(
Rhamnaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Algeria. NORTH AMERICA: USA. ASIA: Armenia, Republic of Georgia [
www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm
]. EUROPE: Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by airborne or splash-dispersed conidia.
Septoria sisymbrii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Septoria sisymbrii
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot, leaf spot of watercress (ANON., 1984), drying of the leaves. HOSTS:
Dentaria laciniata, Descurainia incisa, D. richardsonii
subsp.
incisa, Nasturtium microphyllum, N. officinale, Sisymbrium altissimum, S. columnae, S. irio, S. junceum, S. loeselii, S. officinale, S. orientale, S. polymorphum, S. septulatum, S. sinapistrum, S. strictissimum
(
Brassicaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. ASIA: Armenia, Republic of Georgia [http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/gruzmaps/index.htm], India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Russia (West Siberia, Far East), Tadjikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Great Britain, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: Not reported, but almost certainly by airborne or splash-dispersed conidia.
Cyttaria hookeri
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Gamundí I. J. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Cyttaria hookeri
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: A highly evolved and highly specific obligate parasite causing cankers only on branches of
Nothofagus
species. Fruitbodies only appear on the cankers; this fungus does not cause wood decay. HOSTS:
Nothofagus antarctica, N. obliqua
(?),
N. pumilio, Nothofagus
sp. (
Fagaceae
) [about 75% of all records are from
N. antarctica
]. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquén, Río Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén, La Araucanía, Magallanes y Antártica Chilena, Bío-Bío). Highest recorded altitude: 1800m. TRANSMISSION: Not known, but presumably infection is by wind-dispersed ascospores. The reasons postulated by INGOLD (1988) for evolution of the golf ball shape of fruitbodies of
Cyttaria espinosae
Lloyd [
IMI Descriptions
No. 1593] are doubtless also valid for this species.
Ascochyta tenerrima
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ascochyta tenerrima
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution (USA, Armenia, China, Georgia, Russia, Turkey, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, UK, Irish Republic, Italy, Poland, Portugal and Ukraine), and hosts (
Lonicera bella, Lonicera caprifolium, Lonicera caucasica, Lonicera fragrantissima, Lonicera japonica, Lonicera orientalis, Lonicera periclymenum, Lonicera prolifera, Lonicera tartarica, Lonicera xylosteum, Sambucus ebulus, Sambucus nigra, Sambucus racemosa, Symphoricarpos albus, Viburnum lantana
and
Viburnum opulus
).
Seifertia azaleae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Seifertia azaleae
[
Pycnostysanus azaleae
]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution (Canada, USA, Panama, China, Georgia, Japan, Nepal, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, Denmark, Germany, UK, Irish Republic, Italy, France, Netherlands, Poland and Switzerland), and hosts (
Azalea
spp. [
Rhododendron
spp.],
Rhododendron groenlandicum, Leucopogon costatus, Podocarpus hallii
[
Podocarpus cunninghamii
],
Pteridiospora
sp.,
Rhododendron altaclarense
[?
Rhododendron
'altaclerense'],
R. arborescens, R. californicum
[
R. macrophyllum
],
R. catawbiense, R. daurica
[
R. dauricum
],
R. ferrugineum, R. flavum
[
R. luteum
],
R. indicum, R. japonicum
[?
R. molle
subsp.
japonicum
],
R. ledebourii, R. macrophyllum
,
R. maximum, R. nudiflorum
[
R. periclymenoides
],
R. pleianthum
and
R. ponticum
).
Cintractia limitata
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Pérez J. M. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Cintractia limitata
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution (Congo, Reunion, Togo, Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, India and Indonesia) and hosts (
Cyperus
spp. including
C. iria, C. esculentus
and
C. rotundus
).
Tilletia ayresii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Pérez J. M. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Tilletia ayresii
[
Conidiosporomyces ayresii
]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism (ovary smut or bunt of
Panicum
and
Setaria
), its transmission, geographical distribution (Cameroon, Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Congo Democratic Republic, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Belize, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Sri Lanka) and hosts (
Hyparrhenia subplumosa, Panicum coloratum, P. maximum, P. megastachyum, P. parviflorum
[
Digitaria parviflora
],
P. schinzii, Setaria longiseta, S. pallide-fusca
[
S. pumila
subsp.
pallidefusca
],
S. paniculifera, S. pumila, S. sphacelata
and
Urochloa fasciculata
[
U. fusca
]).
Lachnellula subtilissima
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Lachnellula subtilissima
, which is generally regarded as a saprobe, although reports exist of
L. subtilissima
causing minor damage to
Pinus contorta
plantations in Finland and causing cankers on conifers in the Himalaya. Information is included on its transmission, geographical distribution (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Newfoundland, Ontario, Quebec), USA (California, Colorado, Connecticut, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Washington, Wyoming), Dominican Republic, Chile, Republic of Georgia, India, Japan, Pakistan, Russia, Korea Republic, New Zealand, Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, UK, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland) and hosts (
Abies
spp.,
Cedrus
sp.,
Larix
spp.,
Picea
spp.,
Pinus
spp.,
Pseudotsuga menziesii
and
Tsuga mertensiana
).
Coccomyces pampeanus
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cabarroi M. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Coccomyces pampeanus
, which is not associated with any disease, but is known only from ascomata fruiting on pale areas of dead leaves. Information is included on its geographical distribution (Costa Rica, Guadeloupe, Argentina, Chile, Colombia and Venezuela) and hosts (dead leaves of
Eryngium paniculatum, Heliconia
sp.,
Musa
sp. and
Tillandsia
sp.).
Corynelia nipponensis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

C. nipponensis
is described and illustrated. Information on the host (
Podocarpus macrophyllus
), geographical distribution (Japan) and dispersal of
C. nipponensis
is provided.
Parasympodiella clarkii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

Descriptions are given of
Parasympodiella clarkii
including information on its geographical distribution (USA (New York), Cuba, Czech Republic, UK and Ukraine), hosts (
Byrsonema crassifolia, Picea sitchensis, Pinus nigra, P. sylvestris
and
Pinus
sp.), other associated organisms (
Camposporium cambrense, Cylindrium griseum, Myxomycota, Polyscytalum verrucosum
and
Sympodiella acicola
), biology and conservation status.
Phaeostalagmus peregrinus
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Phaeostalagmus peregrinus
, which colonies are found on dead decaying, rarely on dying, conifer leaves. Information is included on its geographical distribution (Czech Republic and UK), hosts (
Castanea sativa, Picea
sp. and
Pinus sylvestris
), diagnostic features, biology and conservation status.
Hamaspora rubi-sieboldii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Hamaspora rubi-sieboldii
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, i.e. leaf rust of
Rubus
species. Details are given of its transmission, geographical distribution (China (Anhui and Guizhou), India (Assam and Manipur), Japan (Kyushu, Okinawa and Shikoku), Nepal, Philippines and New Guinea (Morobe)) and hosts (
Rubus ellipticus, R. macgregorii, R. pectinellus, R. phoenicolasius
and
R. sieboldii
).
Cronartium quercuum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Cronartium quercuum
. Information is included on the diseases caused by the organism, i.e. stem gall rust of
Pinus
species and leaf rust of
Quercus
species. Details are given of its transmission, geographical distribution (Canada (Ontario), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington DC [District of Columbia], Wisconsin and Wyoming), Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Guyana and Cuba) and hosts (
Pinus banksiana, P. caribaea, P. clausa, P. echinata, P. elliottii, P. glabra, P. halepensis, P. kesiya, P. leiophylla
var.
chichuahuana, P. massoniana, P. montezumae, P. nigra, P. oocarpa, P. palustris, P. patula, P. pinaster, P. ponderosa, P. pungens, P. radiata, P. resinosa, P. rigida, P. serotina, P. sylvestris, P. taeda, P. thunbergii, P. virginiana, Castanea dentata, Castanopsis chrysophylla, Quercus agrifolia, Q. alba, Q. bicolor, Q. chrysolepis, Q. coccinea, Q. dumosa, Q. garryana, Q. ilicifolia, Q. imbricaria, Q. laurifolia, Q. macrocarpa, Q. marilandica, Q. myrtifolia, Q. nigra, Q. palustris, Q. phellos, Q. prinoides, Q. prinus
[
Quercus montana
],
Q. pumila, Q. rubra, Q. stellata, Q. suber, Q. velutina, Q. virginiana, Castanea mollissima, Castanea pumila, Castanea sativa, Castanopsis argentea
and
Castanopsis diversifolia
).
Mycosphaerella rubi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Mycosphaerella rubi
, which sometimes causes lesions on leaves of
Rubus caesius
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Kenya, Libya, Mauritius, South Africa, Zimbabwe)), North America (Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin), South America (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay, Venezuela), Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, China (Sichuan), Georgia, India, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia (Kurgan oblast, Primorskyi krai, Tiumen oblast, Tomsk oblast), South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Australasia (Australia, New Zealand (as exotic)), Caribbean (American Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico), Europe (Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, former Czechoslovakia, Estonia, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Astrakhan oblast, Kabardino-Balkarskaya Autonomous Republic, Krasnodarskyi krai, Kursk oblast, Leningrad oblast, Moscow oblast, Oryol oblast, Perm oblast, North Ossetia-Alania Autonomous Republic, Samara oblast, Saratov oblast, Stavropolskyi krai, Tambov oblast, Tatarstan, Tula oblast, Tver oblast, Udmurtia, Ufa oblast, Voronezh oblast), Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine)) and hosts (
Rubus
spp.).
Ravenelia berkeleyi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ravenelia berkeleyi
, which sometimes causes rust symptoms on
Chamaecrista absus
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Tanzania, Zambia, Mexico, India (Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh), Sri Lanka and Cuba) and hosts (
Chamaecrista absus
(syn.
Cassia absus
),
Chamaecrista hispidula
(syn.
Cassia hispidula
)).
Ravenelia schweinfurthii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ravenelia schweinfurthii
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Ethiopia, Guinea, Sudan, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe) and hosts (
Entada abyssinica
(syn.
Entadopsis abyssinica
)),
Entada africana
(syn.
Entada sudanica
,
Entadopsis sudanica
,
Pusaetha africana
) and
Entada wahlbergii
(syn.
Entadopsis wahlbergii
).
Ravenelia zygiae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ravenelia zygiae
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Sierra Leone and Uganda) and hosts (
Albizia zygia
and
Albizia gummifera
).
Taeniolella beschiana
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Taeniolella beschiana
, a parasite of
Cladonia
spp. Information is included on morphology, associated organisms and substrata, geographical distribution (North America, USA, Alaska), Asia (Russia), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, UK, England, Scotland), dispersal/transmission, conservation status and taxonomic position.
Dactylospora parasitica
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Dactylospora parasitica
, a biotrophic parasite or parasymbiont of lichens of the genera
Ochrolechia
and
Pertusaria
. Information is included on morphology, associated organisms and substrata, geographical distribution (Africa (Azores), North America (USA, Minnesota, Washington), Asia (Turkey), Australasia (New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine, UK, England, Scotland, Wales)), dispersal/transmission, conservation status and taxonomic position.
Dactylospora parellaria
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Dactylospora parellaria
, a biotrophic parasite or parasymbiont of lichen species,
Ochrolechia parella
and
Pertusaria
(records need confirmation). Information is included on morphology, associated organisms and substrata, geographical distribution (Africa (Azores), North America (Canada, British Columbia), Asia (Russia), Europe (Austria, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Sweden, UK, England, Northern Ireland, Scotland)), dispersal/transmission, conservation status and taxonomic position.
Lamproderma ovoideum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Krivomaz T. I. , Michaud A. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Lamproderma ovoideum
, a nivicolous myxomycete (slime mould). Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (USA (Colorado, Oregon), Macquarie Island, Japan, Australia (New South Wales and Tasmania), New Zealand, Austria, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, UK, and Ukraine), hosts (
Empetrum nigrum
,
Larix
sp.,
Nardus stricta
,
Rubus
sp.,
Vaccinium myrtillus
, and
Physarum vernum
), interactions and habitats.
Ramularia urticae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ramularia urticae
, which sometimes causes severe damage to
Urtica
leaves. Some information is given on its interactions and habitats, economic impacts, dispersal and transmission and conservation status, along with its geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia), USA (Alaska, California, Idaho, Iowa, Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming), Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Uzbekistan, New Zealand, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (
Urtica angustifolia, Urtica breweri, Urtica cannabina, Urtica dioica, Urtica ferox, Urtica galeopsifolia, Urtica gracilis, Urtica holosericea, Urtica kioviensis, Urtica laetevirens, Urtica lyallii, Urtica membranacea, Urtica pilulifera, Urtica platyphylla, Urtica procera, Urtica urens, Urtica
sp. and
Urticastrum divaricatum
).
Cercosporella jaapiana
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Cercosporella jaapiana
, which sometimes causes severe damage to
Goniolimon
and
Limonium
leaves. Some information on its interactions and habitats, economic impacts, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with its geographical distribution (Armenia, Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Uzbekistan, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Norway, Poland, Romania, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (
Goniolimon eximium, G. tataricum, Limonium gmelinii, L. humile, L. hypanicum, L. meyeri, L. otolepis, L. platyphyllum, L. vulgare, L. vulgare
subsp.
serotinum
and
Limonium
sp.).
Zasmidium subsanguineum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Zasmidium subsanguineum
, which sometimes causes severe damage to
Maianthemum
and
Convallaria
leaves. Some information is given on its interactions and habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status, along with its geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec), USA (Alaska, California, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin), Kazakhstan, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine) and hosts (
Convallaria majalis, Maianthemum bifolium, M. canadense, M. dilatatum, M. racemosum
var.
amplexicaule
and
Maianthenum
sp.).
Didymosphaeria oblitescens
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Hayova V. P. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Didymosphaeria oblitescens
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Kenya, Canada (British Columbia, Ontario), USA (Alabama, Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Minnesota, New Jersey, Utah), Argentina, Venezuela, Brunei Darussalam, China, Republic of Georgia, India (Bihar, Rajasthan, West Bengal), Maldives, Pakistan, Taiwan, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (
Microdiplodia rosarum, Alnus
sp.,
Arbutus menziesii, Arbutus unedo, Arundo donax, Poaceae, Barleria prionotis, Berberis
sp.,
Bryophyllum
sp.,
Cadaba farinosa, Camellia japonica, Carya
sp.,
Casuarina equisetifolia, Cercidium microphyllum, Cornus sanguinea, Cornus sericea subsp. sericea, Cornus
sp.,
Coronilla emerus, Dodonaea viscosa, Dryas octopetala, Fraxinus excelsior, Gaultheria shallon, Gossypium
sp.,
Cortaderia selloana, Humulus lupulus, Hydrangea
sp.,
Indigofera
sp.,
Jasminum frutescens, Lantana camara, Leycesteria
sp.,
Livistona
sp.,
Lonicera caprifolium, Lupinus
sp.,
Malus
sp.,
Margyricarpus setosus, Mesembryanthemum
sp.,
Pinus sylvestris, Prunus persica, Quercus garryana, Rhododendron ponticum, Rosa canina, Rosa villosa, Rosa sempervirens, Rosa
sp.,
Rubus caucasicus, Rubus caesius, Rubus fruticosus, Rubus idaeus, Rubus inermis, Rubus
sp.,
Saccharum munja, Saccharum officinarum, Salix caprea, Salix glauca, Smilax
sp.,
Solidago canadensis, Strelitzia reginae, Platycladus orientalis, Tilia
sp.,
Trachycarpus fortunei
and
Viburnum opulus
).
Saccothecium sepincola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Hayova V. P. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Saccothecium sepincola
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Morocco, Canada (British Columbia), USA (Florida, North Carolina, Oregon, Virginia, Washington), Chile, Armenia, Republic of Georgia, India (Uttar Pradesh), Pakistan, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia-Hercegovina, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Leningradskaya oblast), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and UK), hosts (
Aruncus sylvestris, Celtis planchoniana, Cornus sanguinea, Cornus
sp.,
Corylus avellana, Crataegus laevigata, Crataegus pojarkoviae, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Forsythia intermedia, Hippophae rhamnoides, Laurus nobilis, Philadelphus
sp.,
Pistacia mutica, Populus tremula, Rosa canina, Rosa centifolia, Rosa moschata, Rosa multiflora, Rosa pendulina, Rosa trachyphylla, Rosa
sp.,
Rubus amoenus, Rubus discolor, Rubus floridus, Rubus fruticosus, Rubus idaeus, Rubus laciniatus, Rubus leucodermis, Rubus grabowskii, Rubus villicaulis, Rubus
sp.,
Physocarpus opulifolius, Spiraea salicifolia
and
Staphylea pinnata
) and associated fungi (
Leptosphaeria fuscella, Valsa ceratosperma, Valsa ambiens
and
Valsa
sp.).
Trichia varia
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Krivomaz T. I. , Michaud A. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Trichia varia
, found on dead wood, bark, fallen leaves and occasionally on dung. Some information on its morphology, associated organisms and substrata, interactions and habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Algeria, Burundi, Congo Democratic Republic, Rwanda, South Africa, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Canada [Alberta, British Columbia, Nunavut, Ontario and Quebec], Mexico, USA [Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Iowa, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Pennsylvania, Texas, Washington and West Virginia], Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, South Shetland Islands, Armenia, Bhutan, China [Hebei, Heilongjiang and Jilin], Republic of Georgia, India [Uttar Pradesh], Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Australia [Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia], New Zealand, Bahamas, Jamaica, Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK and Vatican City).
Discosia artocreas
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Discosia artocreas
, found on old living, withering and fallen leaves. Some information on its morphology, associated organisms and substrata, interactions and habitats, infraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Canada, Mexico, USA [Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia and Wisconsin], Chile, Ecuador, Burma, China [Shaanxi], Republic of Georgia, India [Assam, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Uttaranchal], Japan, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia, Turkey, Spain [Canary Islands], Australia [Queensland], Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine and UK).
Fuscopannaria ignobilis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Fuscopannaria ignobilis
, a widespread epiphytic lichen-forming fungus, usually found on deciduous trees, but sometimes also on evergreens, occurring on both closed canopy forests and open areas, away from the sea and often at higher altitudes in the Iberian Peninsula. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Kenya, northwest Africa), North America (USA), Europe (Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, UK)).
Glutinoglossum glutinosum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Glutinoglossum glutinosum
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (Canada (British Columbia and Ontario), Mexico and USA (Connecticut, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Vermont and Virginia)), Central America (Costa Rica), Asia (Bhutan, China (Sichuan and Yunnan), India (Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand), Nepal, Japan and Philippines), Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda, Portugal (Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands)), Australasia (Australia (Victoria) and New Zealand), Caribbean (Puerto Rico), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland and UK)). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.
Exserohilum antillanum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Castañeda Ruíz R. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Exserohilum antillanum
, which is found on dead leaves and other plant debris in forest soil. Some information on its habitat, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Caribbean (Cuba)) and associated organisms (Plantae).
Arthopyrenia salicis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Aguirre-Hudson B. , Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Arthopyrenia salicis
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Algeria, USA (Alabama, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nebraska and South Dakota), Armenia, Papua New Guinea, Turkey, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irish Republic, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Komi Republic, Krasnodar Krai, Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Republic of Adygea, Republic of Dagestan and Tver Oblast), Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (
Salix elegans, Arthonia punctiformis, A. radiata, Lobaria
sp.,
Naetrocymbe nitescens, N. punctiformis, Acer
sp.,
Aesculus
sp.,
Alnus glutinosa, Betula
sp.,
Carpinus
sp.,
Castanea sativa, Corylus avellana, Crataegus
sp.,
Fagus
sp.,
Fraxinus excelsior, Fraxinus
sp.,
Ilex
sp.,
Pistacia lentiscus, Populus tremula, Populus
sp.,
Quercus marilandica, Q. robur, Quercus
sp.,
Salix elaeagnos, Salix
sp.,
Sorbus
sp. and
Trentepohlia
sp.).
Leptorhaphis laricis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Aguirre-Hudson B. , Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Leptorhaphis laricis
. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Belgium, France, Germany, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain and UK), hosts (
Larix
sp.,
Betula
sp.,
Calluna
sp.,
Cedrus atlantica, C. deodora, Cedrus
sp.,
Fraxinus
sp.,
Genista germanica, Genista
sp.,
Pinus wallichiana, Pinus
sp. and
Quercus
sp.) and associated organisms (
Arthonia punctiformis, Naetrocymbe punctiformis
and
Trentepohlia
sp.).
Phacellium episphaerium
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Andrianova T. V. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Phacellium episphaerium
, a plant parasite, with records on living, dying and dead leaves. This species is known to be found in mixed broadleaf semi-natural woodland, but from the known geographical distribution and the distribution of associated plants. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), North America (Canada (British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Nunavut), USA (Wisconsin)), Arctic (Svalbard and Jan Mayen), Asia (China, Japan, Russia, Korea Republic, Uzbekistan), Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Leningrad oblast), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, former Yugoslavia)) and hosts (
Cerastium
spp.,
Stellaria
spp. and some other members of the Caryophyllaceae). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.
Protoventuria arxii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Protoventuria arxii
. This species has been recorded on living leaves where it is likely to be mildly parasitic and, more often, on attached and fallen dead leaves and twigs, in litter on sandy acid soil in domestic garden, parkland, botanical gardens and in mixed woodland. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Maine, New Hampshire)), Europe (Italy, Switzerland, UK)) and hosts (
Rhododendron
spp.). No reports of negative economic impacts of this fungus have been found.
Lasiosphaeris hispida
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Lasiosphaeris hispida
, which is apparently saprobic on dead bark and wood (often decorticated and/or rotten). Some information on its habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Morocco), Central America (Costa Rica), North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario)), Mexico, USA (Alabama, California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Ohio, Oregon, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Washington and Wisconsin), Asia (Georgia Republic and India (Himachal Pradesh)), Australasia (New Zealand), Caribbean (Puerto Rico), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Russia (Novgorod oblast), Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine and UK)) and associated organisms and substrata.
Ulocladium leve
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Castañeda Ruíz R. F. , Zhang X. G. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Ulocladium leve
. Nothing is known about the natural habitat of this fungus, the only record being an isolation from soil. Some information on dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Asia (China (Anhui))).
Leptogium cochleatum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Leptogium cochleatum
. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Sao Tome and Principe, South Africa, Tanzania), North America (Canada (Nova Scotia), Mexico, USA (Alabama, Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Virginia)), Central America (Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Bahia, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Colombia, Ecuador, French Guina, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela), Asia (China (Beijing, Yunnan), India (Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, West Bengal), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, North Korea, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Russia (Primorsky Krai), Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam), Atlantic Ocean (Bermuda, Cape Verde, Portugal (Azores, Madeira), Spain (Canary Islands), St Helena), Australasia (Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria), New Zealand, Norfolk Island), Caribbean (Cuba, Guadeloupe), Europe (Austria, Croatia, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Krasnodar Krai), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, former Yugoslavia), Indian Ocean (Mauritius), Pacific Ocean (New Caledonia, USA (Hawaii), Vanuatu)). This species is used in the British Isles as an indicator when making ecological assesments.
Myriophacidium aphyophyllicum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Myriophacidium aphyophyllicum
, found on dead leaves of evergreen members of the Fagaceae. Some information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (USA (California, Oregon)) and hosts (
Chrysolepis chrysophylla, C. sempervirens, Quercus sadleriana
and
Rhododendron macrophyllum
).
Pseudohelotium pineti
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Pseudohelotium pineti
found on dead and whitened needles of
Pinus sylvestris
. Some information on its morphology, habitats, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (Canada (Manitoba, Sasktachewan), USA (Maryland, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia), India (Jammu and Kashmir), Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Komi Republic, Leningrad Oblast, Pskov Oblast, Republic of Karelia), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and UK) and hosts (
Pinus
spp.).
Glugea heraldi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

This article describes the morphology, morphometrics, and geographical distribution of the fish parasite
Glugea heraldi
infecting fish of the family Syngnathidae (pipefish, seadragons and seahorses) in brackish waters of subtropical east coast of North America. This parasite can only be found in New York and Florida.
Glugea stephani
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

This article describes the morphology, morphometrics, and geographical distribution of the parasite
Glugea stephani
infecting marine fish of the family Pleuronectidae (dabs or righteye flounders) in western Europe and North America with infections resulting in tumours in muscles, connective tissue of the intestinal tract, and ovaries. This parasite is endemic to Canada, USA, UAE, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Lithuania, Netherlands, Russia, Ukraine, and UK.
Glugea weissenbergi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

This article describes the morphology, morphometrics, and geographical distribution of the parasite
Glugea weissenbergi
infecting largely freshwater fish of the family Gasterosteidae (sticklebacks) in temperate eastern North America. This parasite is only endemic in Maryland, USA.
Diderma niveum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Kryvomaz T. I. , Michaud A. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Diderma niveum
, a myxomycete which occurs on dead dry leaves, twigs, fallen bark, dead wood, and decaying moss. Some information on its interactions and habitats, economic impacts, intraspecific variation, dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (AFRICA: Algeria, Morocco, Rwanda; NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario), Mexico, USA (Alaska, California, Colorado, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, North Carolina, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wyoming); CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica; SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela; ANTARCTICA: Antarctic Peninsula, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; ASIA: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand), Japan, Kazakhstan (Almaty Oblast, West Kazakhstan), Nepal, Pakistan, Russia (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Kamchatka Krai), Turkey; AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Tasmania), New Zealand; EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Leningrad Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Murmansk Oblast), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine; UK; Pacific OCEAN: USA (Hawaii)) and associated organism and substrata (Animalia:
Agathidium
sp.; Plantae: Bryophyta indet.;
Deschampsia cespitosa
(leaf);
Empetrum nigrum
subsp.
hermaphroditum
(shoot);
Fagus sylvatica
(leaf, twig); Gramineae indet. (litter);
Juniperus communis
var.
saxatilis
(leaf, twig),
J. sabina
(leaf, twig); Magnoliophyta indet.;
Nothofagus pumilio
(wood);
Picea schrenkiana
;
Pinus sylvestris
(bark); Plantae indet. (bark, litter, stem, wood);
Polytrichum juniperinum
;
Vaccinium myrtillus
(stem, twig),
V. uliginosum
(stem); Protista:
Diderma meyerae
).
Thecaphora affinis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Cannon P. F. , Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Thecaphora affinis
, found in dead fruits of the host plant (Astragalus), infecting and destroying the seeds, the spore mass granular, dark reddish brown, ± completely filling the fruit cavity; host fruits somewhat swollen in external view, but otherwise not visibly affected. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (Colorado)), Asia (China (Gansu), Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan), Russia (Altai)) and Europe (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia (Smolensk Oblast), Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, UK)).
Loma morhuae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Loma morhuae
, which infects
Gadus morhua
(fish family Gadidae) off the northern east coast of North America; infections developing in the host cytoplasm (but not in nerve tissues), without diplokarya, and resulting in tumours (also known as 'xenomas') in which the host nucleus is centrally located. Some information on its dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (Newfoundland, Nova Scotia))).
Memnoniella dichroa
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: Minter D. W.
Published: July 2021

A description is provided for
Memnoniella dichroa
, which can be found almost always on dead and rotting plant material. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, dispersal and transmission, habitats and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Mexico, USA (Florida, Kansas, Ohio)), Asia (China (Sichuan), Japan, Thailand, Turkey), Australasia (Australia (ACT), New Zealand), Caribbean (Cuba), Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Ireland, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Pskov Oblast, Republic of Karelia), UK)).
Oidium heveae
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: July 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Oidium heveae
Steinm. Hosts: Rubber (
Hevea brasiliensis
). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Congo, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Asia, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sarawak, Sabah, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, Australasia & Oceania, Papua New Guinea, South America, Brazil, Sao Paulo.
Peronospora farinosa
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: July 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Peronospora farinosa
(Fr.) Fr. Hosts: Beet (
Beta vulgaris
) and other
Beta
spp., spinach (
Spinacia oleracea
),
Chenopodium
spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Asia, Afghanistan, Burma, China, Hong Kong, India, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, USSR, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Britain, Channel Islands, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Sardinia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Manitoba, Alberta, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Central America & West Indies, Guatemala, South America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Sao Paulo, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay.
Phytophthora citrophthora
. [Distribution map].
Authors: UK, CAB International
Published: July 2021

A new distribution map is provided for
Phytophthora citrophthora
(R. E. Smith & E. H. Smith) Leonian. Hosts: (
Citrus
spp.) and related genera. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Algeria, Angola, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa, Tunisia, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Bangladesh, China, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Fujian, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Georgia, Hong Kong, India, Bengal, Gujarat, Jammu, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Korea, Lebanon, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen Arab Republic, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, Fiji, Cook Islands, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Europe, Cyprus, France, Corsica, Greece, Italy, Sardinia, Sicily, Portugal, Spain, UK, England, North America, Mexico, USA, Arizona, California, Gulf States, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Ohio, Central America & West Indies, Barbados, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Jamaica, Martinique, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, South America, Argentina, Brazil, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Chile, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.