bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surfen and oxalyl surfen decrease tau hyperphosphorylation and mitigate neuron deficits in vivo in a zebrafish model of tauopathy
Authors: Alavi Naini Seyedeh Maryam , Yanicostas Constantin , Hassan-Abdi Rahma , Blondeel Sébastien , Bennis Mohamed , Weiss Ryan J. , Tor Yitzhak , Esko Jeffrey D. , Soussi-Yanicostas Nadia
Published: March 2018

Background

Tauopathies comprise a family of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease for which there is an urgent and unmet need for disease-modifying treatments. Tauopathies are characterized by pathological tau hyperphosphorylation, which has been shown to correlate tightly with disease progression and memory loss in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. We recently demonstrated an essential requirement for 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate in pathological tau hyperphosphorylation in zebrafish, a prominent model organism for human drug discovery. Here, we investigated whether in vivo treatment with surfen or its derivatives oxalyl surfen and hemisurfen, small molecules with heparan sulfate antagonist properties, could mitigate tau hyperphosphorylation and neuronal deficits in a zebrafish model of tauopathies.

Results

In vivo treatment of Tg[HuC::hTauP301L; DsRed] embryos for 2 days with surfen or oxalyl surfen significantly reduced the accumulation of the pThr181 tau phospho-epitope measured by ELISA by 30% and 51%, respectively. Western blot analysis also showed a significant decrease of pThr181 and pSer396/pSer404 in embryos treated with surfen or oxalyl surfen. Immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed that treatment with surfen or oxalyl surfen significantly decreased the AT8 tau epitope in spinal motoneurons. In addition, in vivo treatment of Tg[HuC::hTauP301L; DsRed] embryos with surfen or oxalyl surfen significantly rescued spinal motoneuron axon-branching defects and, as a likely consequence, the impaired stereotypical touch-evoked escape response. Importantly, treatment with hemisurfen, a surfen derivative devoid of heparan sulfate antagonist activity, does not affect tau hyperphosphorylation, nor neuronal or behavioural deficits in Tg[HuC::hTauP301L; DsRed] embryos.

Conclusion

Our findings demonstrate for the first time that surfen, a well-tolerated molecule in clinical settings, and its derivative, oxalyl surfen, could mitigate or delay neuronal defects in tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease.
Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of root canal morphology in mandibular first molars in a Chinese population: a clinical study
Authors: Ni Na , Cao Shen , Han Lei , Zhang Linkun , Ye Jing , Zhang Chengfei
Published: March 2018

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of mandibular first molars in a Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods

In this study, CBCT images of 900 mandibular first molars were evaluated for the following details: (1) number of roots, (2) number of apical foramina, (3) frequency distribution of root canal configurations defined in accordance with Vertucci’s classification, and (4) frequency of occurrence of middle mesial (MM) canal.

Results

Overall, 74.9% of the evaluated mandibular first molars possessed two roots, and 55.4% exhibited three apical foramina. The evaluated teeth exhibited a relatively high prevalence of type IV canals in mesial (M) roots (76.8%) and type I canals in the distal (D) (79.4%), distobuccal (DB) (98.7%), and distolingual (DL) (100%) roots. There were no significant differences in the number of roots, incidence of apical foramina, or distribution of different canal configurations of mandibular first molars between men and women (P > 0.05). 1.9% of mandibular first molars possessed three mesial canals, and the highest frequency of occurrence of MM canals (4.1%) was among Chinese people below the age of 30 years.

Conclusions

CBCT scanning facilitates identification of the root canal system. In order to increase the success rate of treatment, it is important to obtain information about the variable morphology of root canals before endodontic treatment.

Trial registration

TJSKE20160412. Registered 12 April 2016.
SIRveNIB: Selective Internal Radiation Therapy Versus Sorafenib in Asia-Pacific Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chow Pierce K.H. , Gandhi Mihir , Tan Say-Beng , Khin Maung Win , Khasbazar Ariunaa , Ong Janus , Choo Su Pin , Cheow Peng Chung , Chotipanich Chanisa , Lim Kieron , Lesmana Laurentius A. , Manuaba Tjakra W. , Yoong Boon Koon , Raj Aloysius , Law Chiong Soon , Cua Ian H.Y. , Lobo Rolley R. , Teh Catherine S.C. , Kim Yun Hwan , Jong Yun Won , Han Ho-Seong , Bae Si-Hyun , Yoon Hyun-Ki , Lee Rheun-Chuan , Hung Chien-Fu , Peng Cheng-Yuan , Liang Po-Chin , Bartlett Adam , Kok Kenneth Y.Y. , Thng Choon-Hua , Low Albert Su-Chong , Goh Anthony S.W. , Tay Kiang Hiong , Lo Richard H.G. , Goh Brian K.P. , Ng David C.E. , Lekurwale Ganesh , Liew Wei Ming , Gebski Val , Mak Kenneth S.W. , Soo Khee Chee ,   on behalf of Asia-Pacific Hepatocellular Carcinoma Trials Group
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Selective internal radiation therapy or radioembolization (RE) shows efficacy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) limited to the liver. This study compared the safety and efficacy of RE and sorafenib in patients with locally advanced HCC.

Patients and Methods

SIRveNIB (selective internal radiation therapy v sorafenib), an open-label, investigator-initiated, phase III trial, compared yttrium-90 (90Y) resin microspheres RE with sorafenib 800 mg/d in patients with locally advanced HCC in a two-tailed study designed for superiority/detriment. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 and stratified by center and presence of portal vein thrombosis. Primary end point was overall survival (OS). Efficacy analyses were performed in the intention-to-treat population and safety analyses in the treated population.

Results

A total of 360 patients were randomly assigned (RE, 182; sorafenib, 178) from 11 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. In the RE and sorafenib groups, 28.6% and 9.0%, respectively, failed to receive assigned therapy without significant cross-over to either group. Median OS was 8.8 and 10.0 months with RE and sorafenib, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.9 to 1.4; P = .36). A total of 1,468 treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were reported (RE, 437; sorafenib, 1,031). Significantly fewer patients in the RE than sorafenib group had grade ≥ 3 AEs (36 of 130 [27.7%]) v 82 of 162 [50.6%]; P < .001). The most common grade ≥ 3 AEs were ascites (five of 130 [3.8%] v four of 162 [2.5%] patients), abdominal pain (three [2.3%] v two [1.2%] patients), anemia (zero v four [2.5%] patients), and radiation hepatitis (two [1.5%] v zero [0%] patients). Fewer patients in the RE group (27 of 130 [20.8%]) than in the sorafenib group (57 of 162 [35.2%]) had serious AEs.

Conclusion

In patients with locally advanced HCC, OS did not differ significantly between RE and sorafenib. The improved toxicity profile of RE may inform treatment choice in selected patients.
EGFR Genotyping of Matched Urine, Plasma, and Tumor Tissue in Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Rociletinib, an EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor
Authors: Goldman Jonathan W. , Karlovich Chris , Sequist Lecia V. , Melnikova Vlada , Franovic Aleksandra , Gadgeel Shirish M. , Reckamp Karen L. , Camidge D. Ross , Pérol Maurice , Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius , Liu Stephen V. , Yu Helena A. , Soria Jean-Charles , Socinski Mark A. , Mekhail Tarek M. , Solomon Benjamin J. , Natale Ronald B. , Otterson Gregory A. , Papadimitrakopoulou Vassiliki , Langer Corey J. , Neal Joel W. , Despain Darrin , Yurasov Sergey , Litten Jason B. , Erlander Mark , Raponi Mitch , Wakelee Heather A.
Published: March 2018

Purpose

Liquid biopsies represent an attractive alternative to tissue biopsies, particularly rebiopsies, in determining patient eligibility for targeted therapies. Clinical utility of urine genotyping, however, has not been explored extensively. We evaluated epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) T790M detection in matched urine, plasma, and tissue and the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer treated with rociletinib.

Methods

Tissue (n = 540), plasma (n = 482), and urine (n = 213) were collected from evaluable patients enrolled in TIGER-X, a phase I/II study. Genotyping was performed by therascreen EGFR testing in tissue, BEAMing in plasma, and a quantitative short footprint assay (Trovera) in urine, which was used to further examine discordant samples.

Results

Positive percent agreement with tissue T790M results was similar for urine (82%; 142 of 173) and plasma (81%; 313 of 387) genotyping. Urine and plasma together identified more patients who were T790M positive (92%) than tissue alone (83%) among matched samples (n = 177). The ability to identify mutations in plasma was strongly associated with M stage ( P < .001); rate of T790M detection for patients with M1a/M0 disease increased from 54% for plasma alone to 85% when urine and plasma were both examined. Objective response rates of patients who were T790M positive were comparable between tumor (34%), plasma (32%), and urine (37%).

Conclusion

Clinical response to rociletinib was comparable irrespective of whether T790M status was identified by liquid or tissue biopsy. Combined, urine and plasma identified a higher percentage of patients who were T790M positive than tumor genotyping alone and improved detection of T790M, particularly in the absence of distant metastases. These findings support the noninvasive analysis of urine and plasma before tumor rebiopsy when assessing T790M status.
Immunosensors Made with Layer-by-Layer Films on Chitosan/Gold Nanoparticle Matrices to Detect D-Dimer as Biomarker for Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Rodrigues Valquiria C , Moraes Marli L , Soares Juliana C , Soares Andrey C , Sanfelice Rafaela , Deffune Elenice , Oliveira Osvaldo N
Published: March 2018

We report on immunosensors to detect D-dimer, a biomarker of venous thromboembolism, which are made with layer-by-layer (LbL) films containing immobilized anti-D-dimer monoclonal antibody alternated with a layer of chitosan/gold nanoparticles (AuNpChi). Detection was due to irreversible adsorption of the antigen D-dimer on its corresponding antibody according to a Langmuir-Freundlich model, thus giving rise to ellipsoidal structures in scanning electron microscopy images whose size and number increased with D-dimer concentration. The chemical groups involved in the adsorption process were inferred from polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption (PM-IRRAS) through changes in the amide and carbonyl bands. Detection of D-dimer was made with electrical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The latter was the most sensitive with a detection limit of 9 × 10−4 µg/mL, sensitivity of 0.27 × 10−6 A/µgmL−1 with linear increase from 0 to 1 µg/mL. The selectivity of the immunosensor made with AuNpChi/anti-D-dimer film was verified by noting negligible changes in the cyclic voltammograms when exposed to typical interferents in biological fluids.
Multi-species consumer jams and the fall of guarded corals to crown-of-thorns seastar outbreaks
Authors: Kayal Mohsen , Ballard Jane , Adjeroud Mehdi
Published: March 2018

Outbreaks of predatory crown-of-thorns seastars (COTS) can devastate coral reef ecosystems, yet some corals possess mutualistic guardian crabs that defend against COTS attacks. However, guarded corals do not always survive COTS outbreaks, with the ecological mechanisms sealing the fate of these corals during COTS infestations remaining unknown. In August 2008 in Moorea (17.539° S, 149.830° W), French Polynesia, an unusually dense multi-species aggregation of predators was observed feeding upon guarded corals following widespread coral decline due to COTS predation. Concurrent assaults from these amplified, mixed-species predator guilds likely overwhelm mutualistic crab defense, ultimately leading to the fall of guarded corals. Our observations indicate that guarded corals can sustain devastating COTS attacks for an extended duration, but eventually concede to intensifying assaults from diverse predators that aggregate in high numbers as alternative prey decays. The fall of guarded corals is therefore suggested to be ultimately driven by an indirect trophic cascade that leads to amplified attacks from diverse starving predators following prey decline, rather than COTS assaults alone.
Ethanol production using vegetable peels medium and the effective role of cellulolytic bacterial (Bacillus subtilis) pre-treatment
Authors: Promon Salman Khan , Kamal Wasif , Rahman Shafkat Shamim , Hossain M. Mahboob , Choudhury Naiyyum
Published: March 2018

Background: The requirement of an alternative clean energy source is increasing with the elevating energy demand of modern age. Bioethanol is considered as an excellent candidate to satiate this demand.

Methods:Yeast isolates were used for the production of bioethanol using cellulosic vegetable wastes as substrate. Efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol was achieved by the action of cellulolytic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis).  After proper isolation, identification and characterization of stress tolerances (thermo-, ethanol-, pH-, osmo- & sugar tolerance), optimization of physiochemical parameters for ethanol production by the yeast isolates was assessed. Very inexpensive and easily available raw materials (vegetable peels) were used as fermentation media. Fermentation was optimized with respect to temperature, reducing sugar concentration and pH.

Results:It was observed that temperatures of 30°C and pH 6.0 were optimum for fermentation with a maximum yield of ethanol. The results indicated an overall increase in yields upon the pretreatment ofBacillus subtilis; maximum ethanol percentages for isolate SC1 obtained after 48-hour incubation under pretreated substrate was 14.17% in contrast to untreated media which yielded 6.21% after the same period. Isolate with the highest ethanol production capability was identified as members of the ethanol-producingSaccharomycesspecies after stress tolerance studies and biochemical characterization using Analytical Profile Index (API) ® 20C AUX and nitrate broth test. Introduction ofBacillus subtilisincreased the alcohol production rate from the fermentation of cellulosic materials.

Conclusions:The study suggested that the kitchen waste can serve as an excellent raw material in ethanol fermentation.
Taxa: An R package implementing data standards and methods for taxonomic data
Authors: Foster Zachary S.L. , Chamberlain Scott , Grünwald Niklaus J.
Published: March 2018

The taxa R package provides a set of tools for defining and manipulating taxonomic data. The recent and widespread application of DNA sequencing to community composition studies is making large data sets with taxonomic information commonplace. However, compared to typical tabular data, this information is encoded in many different ways and the hierarchical nature of taxonomic classifications makes it difficult to work with. There are many R packages that use taxonomic data to varying degrees but there is currently no cross-package standard for how this information is encoded and manipulated. We developed the R package taxa to provide a robust and flexible solution to storing and manipulating taxonomic data in R and any application-specific information associated with it. Taxa provides parsers that can read common sources of taxonomic information (taxon IDs, sequence IDs, taxon names, and classifications) from nearly any format while preserving associated data. Once parsed, the taxonomic data and any associated data can be manipulated using a cohesive set of functions modeled after the popular R package dplyr. These functions take into account the hierarchical nature of taxa and can modify the taxonomy or associated data in such a way that both are kept in sync. Taxa is currently being used by the metacoder and taxize packages, which provide broadly useful functionality that we hope will speed adoption by users and developers.
The effectiveness of exercise-based vestibular rehabilitation in adult patients with chronic dizziness: A systematic review
Authors: Kundakci Burak , Sultana Anjum , Taylor Alan J , Alshehri Mansour Abdullah
Published: March 2018

Background:Dizziness is a non-specific term used by patients to describe several symptoms ranging from true vertigo, light headedness, disorientation or sense of imbalance. Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is a specific form of exercise-based therapy programme aimed at alleviating the primary and secondary problems of a vestibular pathology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of exercise-based vestibular rehabilitation in adult patients with chronic dizziness.

Methods:The following five databases were searched: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, the Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, PubMed, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Scopus (Elsevier). Two investigators independently reviewed all articles and a systematic review of literature was performed using the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The articles were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: (1) randomised controlled trial, (2) people with chronic dizziness, (3) adults aged 18 or over, (4) exercise-based VR, (5) VR exercises compared with sham or usual care, non-treatment or placebo and (6) only studies published full text in English.

Results: The initial search identified 304 articles, four of which met the criteria for analysis. All studies involved some form of vestibular rehabilitation, including vestibular compensation, vestibular adaptation and substitution exercises. These exercises were compared with usual medical care (three studies) or placebo eye exercise (one study). The Vertigo Symptom Scale was the most commonly used outcome measure to assess subjective perception of symptoms of dizziness (three studies). According to the PEDro scale, three studies were considered to be of high quality, and one was rated as fair. 

Conclusions:This review suggests that exercise-based vestibular rehabilitation shows benefits for adult patients with chronic dizziness with regard to improvement in the vertigo symptom scale, fall risk, balance and emotional status.
Effective Contract in the System of Stimulation of Labor of Young Teachers (on the Example of University of Moscow)
Authors: Мельничук Ю. , Mel'nichuk Yu.
Published: March 2018

At present time, in our country, the question of the reproduction of the human and scientific potential of education is acute. In this connection, the problem arises of attracting and securing young teachers in higher educational institutions. Its decision is hampered by the fact that the level of income of young university teachers is half the average salary in professional areas in the study region, most likely this is due to the fact that an effective contract as a measure of incentives for teachers under 35 years of age practically does not work. The primary empirical information used in this article was collected by the questionnaire method. Two surveys were conducted: the first teachers of higher education institutions of all age cohorts and the second teacher up to 35 years old. In the course of the study, it was found that the currently effective contracts for young teachers do not work in full force. This is due to the fact that most often there are no separate performance indicators for young teachers, as well as criteria for existing indicators, in the first years of scientific and pedagogical experience are practically not achievable.
A genius ways to continue your learning!
Authors: Yates Laura
Published: March 2018

Laura Yates reveals why education should be seen as a voyage of discovery rather than a chore
The art and science of personal excellence
Authors: MacLeavy Christine
Published: March 2018

Christine Macleavy considers communication in dentistry, the importance of good listening skills and understanding non-verbal signals
Hey presto!
Authors: Wake Charlotte
Published: March 2018

Charlotte Wake considers both the magic – and the reality – of our social media activity
A is for… Action!
Authors: Dawson Trudie
Published: March 2018

Trudie Dawson suggests a fruitful career demands excellence in choice of mentors, good reflective practice and the well-observed creation of any personal development plan
Confidentiality - it's essential
Authors: Collier Andrew
Published: March 2018

Andrew Collier discusses a fundamental requirement of patient trust
Collaboration vs competition: how we can work together for stronger results
Authors: Shorr Mara , Shorr Jay
Published: March 2018

As the owner of an aesthetic practice, it can be easy to get bogged down in competing against rival companies. However, collaborating with businesses, rather than competing with them, can be a much better use of your time. Mara Shorr and Jay Shorr discuss how to build connections that can be beneficial for everyone involved, turning potential rivals into partners and friends
Rejuvenation of the lower face with soft-tissue fillers and neuromodulators
Authors: Collier Helena
Published: March 2018

This paper reviews the literature, according to the hierarchy of available evidence, surrounding the safety and efficacy of soft-tissue fillers and neuromodulators in lower facial rejuvenation. The author will take into consideration the anatomical structures and functionality of this region of the face, explore the multifactorial changes that occur at the distinct anatomical layers and discuss the restoration of these structures. The article will also briefly assess the safety profile of soft-tissue fillers and neuromodulators.
Discovery of a new source of botulinum toxin could have several implications
Authors: Fromage Gemma
Published: March 2018

Botulinum toxin, usually found on the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, has been found for the first time on a strain of Enterococcus in a cow's gut. This has many implications and may prove to be valuable in the treatment of a vast range of therapeutic indications, says Gemma Fromage. It has also raised concerns that in the future, botulinum toxin could end up on an antibiotic resistant strain of Enterococcus
General Data Protection Regulations: advice for aesthetic practitioners
Authors: Di-scala Naomi
Published: March 2018

Data protection regulations coming into force in May 2018 will involve extensive updates to the data protection laws that are in place. This will affect every business across the country, says Naomi Di-Scala, and it is important that aesthetic practitioners have an understanding of how these changes will impact the running of their service, particularly due to the sensitivity of personal data that it holds
Why exclude?
Authors: Sullivan Karen
Published: March 2018

Exclusion can sometimes be a necessary last resort, but increasingly the evidence is pointing to many ‘offenders’ for whom this solution is just not appropriate. Karen Sullivan explains
Bullying versus ‘banter’…
Authors: Evans Martha
Published: March 2018

When does playful ‘joshing’ turn into something hurtful? And when does that become bullying? As planning begins for Anti-Bullying Week 2018, Martha Evans considers how teachers can tell the difference
Ideas to teach critical thinking
Authors: Burnage Steve
Published: March 2018

Thinking skills are highly prized in today's world. Steve Burnage offers teachers some strategies to develop skills in critical thinking and problem-solving in lessons and across the curriculum
AVALIAÇÃO DA PRODUTIVIDADE DE CULTIVARES DE SOJA EM GARANHUNS-PE
Authors: Viana Jeandson Silva , Da Silva Abraão Cícero , Gonçalves Edilma Pereira , Cordeiro Junior José Jairo Florentino , Félix Cathylen Almeida , De Oliveira José Fábio Ferreira , Dos Santos Alessandro , Silva Julio César De Almeida
Published: March 2018

A soja é uma oleaginosa muito estudada no Brasil, mas que ainda não há pesquisas consolidadas de adaptação para Pernambuco. O experimento teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho e adaptação de cinco cultivares de soja no Agreste Meridional Pernambucano. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco cultivares de soja: BRSMG 810C, BRSMG 752 S, BRS 326, BRS Sambaíba e BRS Tracajá, distribuídas em quatro blocos ao acaso. As características avaliadas foram: massa de 100 sementes, número de dias para o florescimento, números de dias para frutificação, acamamento, altura das plantas, número de nó por plantas, stand final, biomassa fresca da parte aérea, produtividade de vagem e produtividades de grãos. As cultivares BRS 326 e BRS SAMBAÍBA, por apresentarem sua alta produção de biomassa fresca são interessantes para a produção de forragem. A BRS MG 810C é a cultivar mais recomendada para plantio em Garanhuns-PE.
BATATAS CHIPS: CARACTERÍSTICAS DE EMBALAGEM, TECNOLÓGICAS E DE IMAGEM
Authors: Salomão Danielle Ulbricht , Ferreira Amanda Rios , Neves Elisa Cristina Andrade , Rocco Luiz Amadeu Campedelli Moreira , Barbin Douglas Fernandes , Clerici Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva
Published: March 2018

O consumo de batatas chips está ligado ao ritmo acelerado de vida devido ao seu baixo custo e praticidade, entretanto, apresentam altos teores de carboidratos, lipídeos e sódio, que são nutrientes diretamente ligados a doenças crônicas não transmissíveis como diabetes, hipertensão e obesidade. Este trabalho visou avaliar características tecnológicas, informações nutricionais e embalagens de batatas chips de cinco marcas (A, B, C, D e E) comercializadas em Campinas (SP). Nas embalagens foram analisadas as informações nutricionais, peso, atmosfera interna e tipo de material e nos produtos cor, fraturabilidade, espessura e imagens. Os resultados foram avaliados por análise de variância (ANOVA), que se significativa, foi aplicado o teste de Scott-Knott (p≤0,05). As embalagens utilizadas foram do tipo laminadas metalizadas, ou apenas de polipropileno, não possuíam atmosfera modificada e suas rotulagens estavam de acordo com a legislação brasileira vigente. As fatias de batatas chips apresentaram espessura entre 1,0 mm e 1,2 mm, coloração não uniforme e com diferença entre as diferentes marcas em relação aos parâmetros de cor a* e b*. Nas análises de imagem verificou-se nas fatias de batata das marcas A, B e C regiões mais claras, devido à gelatinização do amido durante fritura, apresentando maiores áreas propensas a quebra, contribuindo para a fraturabilidade. As marcas apresentaram porções maiores do que as referidas na legislação e rotulagem, podendo confundir o consumidor na hora da escolha. Além disso, a legislação brasileira não traz diretrizes de rotulagem específica para teor de sódio ou sabor de batatas chips, o que poderia guiar a escolha do consumidor.
TRAVESSIA E ROTAS das Literaturas Africanas de Língua Portuguesa (Das profecias libertárias às distopias contemporâneas)
Authors: Secco Carmen Lúcia Tindó
Published: March 2018

Será discutida a importância do ensino das Literaturas Africanas em tempos de perda de utopias. Num segundo momento, será apresentado um panorama amplo do percurso dessas recentes literaturas, nascidas sob o signo das profecias libertárias, e que, hoje, vivem, também, o desencanto contemporâneo. Letras, que embora consideradas, ainda, menores pela maioria das Universidades Brasileiras, alertam, como as demais litaeraturas atuais, para o desmoronamento da Verdade, do Progresso, da Ética. O escritor moçambicano Mia Couto e o angolano José Eduardo Agualusa, por exemlo, possuem contos, cujos cenários são aeroportos, lugares em trânsito que problematizam alegoricamente o estilhaçamento identitário póscolonial.Pepetela, outro autor angolano. que em 1997 recebeu o Prêmio Camões,evidencia, com o romance O Desejo de Kianda (1995), as ruínas de uma Angola distópica, onde, parodiando Marx, “tudo que é sólido desmancha no ar”.
A®MAR A HISTÓRIA: engenhos e lições na literatura modernista e no cinema moderno
Authors: Novaes Claudio Cledson
Published: March 2018

Discutiremos nos romances Amar, verbo intransitivo (1927) e Menino de Engenho (1932), de Mário de Andrade e de José Lins do Rego, respectivamente, a tensão do diálogo entre as teses modernistas dos anos 1920/30, ou seja, o regionalismo agrário nordestino e o urbano paulista; articulando estas teses literárias com as suas adapta- ções no cinema moderno brasileiro dos anos 1960/70, observando os impasses da política cultural nos filmes Lição de Amor (1975) e Menino de Engenho (1965), dirigidos respectivamente por Eduardo Escorel e Walter Lima Jr.
AVANÇOS E AMBIGUIDADES do pós-colonialismo no limiar do século 21
Authors: Bonnici Thomas
Published: March 2018

Após quase cinqüenta anos de Estudos Pós-coloniais na Literatura e sua consolidação no mundo acadêmico em várias universidades, inclusive brasileiras, é necessário refletir e problematizar essa nova estética. Em primeiro lugar, analisam-se os conceitos fundamentais do pós-colonialismo, tais como a tipologia colonial, a colonização européia, a objetificação do nativo, a diáspora, a hibridização, a resistência, o revide, a releitura de material textual e a reescrita de obras canônicas. A partir dessa teoria, analisam-se questões sobre o sujeito pós-colonial na literatura; os instrumentos de poder pela mímica e pela paródia; o problema do entrelaçamento de raça, etnia e gênero; o relacionamento entre a teoria pós-colonial autóctone e a eurocêntrica; a desconstrução do cânone literário. Parece que os Estudos Pós-coloniais abrem novas perspectivas não apenas para nos revelar os sistemas de poder e suas influências, mas, de modo especial, nos fornecem parâmetros para investigações mais profundas e eticamente mais corretas do material textual oriundo de excolônias.
O silêncio do delator: um inventário de perdas
Authors: Fonseca Aleilton
Published: March 2018

A resenha trata do livro "O silêncio do delator", romance de José Nêumanne Pinto (São Paulo: A Girafa, 2004, 541 pág.)
A morte do poeta
Authors: Pedrosa Celia
Published: March 2018

A resenha trata do livro  de Eduardo jardim: "Mário de Andrade; a morte do poeta", Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2005, 155 p.
Apresentação - Légua e Meia - n.03 - 2005
Authors: Seixas Cid
Published: March 2018

Apresentação
DIÁLOGO ENTRE EURICO ALVES E MANUEL BANDEIRA
Authors: Dórea Juraci
Published: March 2018

Relato dos poemas trocados por Eurico Alves e Manuel Bandeira
O luar através dos altos ramos (Para que servem mesmo os poetas?)
Authors: Brasileiro Antônio
Published: March 2018

Para que servem os poetas em tempos indigentes? Esta é a pergunta do filósofo Martin Heidegger, referindo-se ao poeta Friedrich Hoelderlin. Nosso estudo refaz esta pergunta, trazendo-as para os nossos tempos, ao tempo em que questiona a pretensão dos poetas de ensinar aos homens.
Folha de Rosto e Sumário
Authors: Novaes Claudio
Published: March 2018

Folha de Rosto e Sumário
Guimarães Rosa: o cantador das veredas imerso na modernidade
Authors: De Carvalho Valverde Luiz Antonio
Published: March 2018

O artigo estabelece seu olhar sobre a figura de Riobaldo, como homem da modernidade, racional e reflexivo, mas perdido diante dos mistérios do mundo. Entre ser joguete do destino ou governá-lo, muitas possibilidades se constroem e exigem respostas, que são aqui discutidas.
Tangendo a vida, cantando a boiada e grafando o Brasil rural: notas biográficas lançadas na caderneta de campo do vaqueiro Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Rios Márcia
Published: March 2018

O artigo apresenta, pelos olhos do vaqueiro Zito, em entrevista publicada na Revista Cult, um retrato do escritor Guimarães Rosa e aponta para a singularidade do mundo rural como vivenciado por ele. Contrasta-se a imagem do erudito e do homem simples, capaz de juntar-se aos vaqueiros, mas também de traduzir o mundo rural em reflexão.
A construção da narrativa em Primeiras Estórias
Authors: Veiga Benedito
Published: March 2018

O trabalho examina as possibilidades de interpretação das Primeiras Estórias, propondo a ideia de que toda a ambiguidade da sequenciação das estórias, as “primeiras” e as “segundas”, é discutida em Pirlimpsiquice, em um jogo metafórico/simbólico.
Representações da mulher assassinada no fait divers: uma análise nos jornais The Times, Daily News e Diário Gaúcho
Authors: Moraes Ana Luiza Coiro
Published: March 2018

O artigo tem como tema o fait divers, investigando através de pesquisa documental as notícias veiculadas nos jornais The Times e Daily News a respeito de mulheres assassinadas por Jack, o Estripador, no século XIX, e a cobertura do Diário Gaúcho ao caso de uma jovem morta pelo ex-namorado em 2015. Caracterizando brevemente o gênero jornalístico e o gênero ficcional que surgiram juntos nas páginas dos jornais, e onde Barthes (1971) e Meyer (1996) reconhecem semelhanças, busca-se nos fait divers identificar um específico elemento comum às narrativas do folhetim: a personagem. E, ao investigar o que têm em comum as personagens de ficção e as personagens “reais”, o estudo conclui que estas são um importante fator de aproximação entre os critérios de seleção e a forma como são veiculados os assuntos que se noticiam e aqueles que compõem a temática das obras ficcionais.
AUTOMATIC WINDING GENERATION USING MATRIX REPRESENTATION - ANFRACTUS TOOL 1.0
Authors: Ouamara Daoud , Dubas Frédéric , Benallal Mohamed Nadjib , Randi Sid Ali , Espanet Christophe
Published: March 2018

This paper describes an original approach dealing with AC/DC winding design in electrical machines. A research software called “ANFRACTUS Tool 1.0”, allowing automatic generation of all windings in multi-phases electrical machines, has been developed using the matrix representation. Unlike existent methods, where the aim is to synthesize a winding with higher performances, the proposed method provides the opportunity to choose between all doable windings. The specificity of this approach is based on the fact that it take only the slots, phases and layers number as input parameters. The poles number is not requested to run the generation process. Windings generation by matrix representation may be applied for any number of slots, phases and layers. The software do not deal with the manner that coils are connected but just the emplacement of coils in each slot with its current sense. The waveform and the harmonic spectrum of the total magnetomotive force (MMF) are given as result.
Productivity of Brachiaria decumbens in a Mixed-Culture with Pueraria phaseloides in Different Manure and Dolomite Administration Level into Suboptimal Land
Authors: Herdiawan Iwan
Published: March 2018

Productivity improvement of forage in suboptimal land can be done in various ways, such as through manure and ameliorant treatment. Manure and dolomite is required by soil on suboptimal land, a combination of both can supply nutrients and improve soil biophysics. The research materials used in this study were B. decumbens, Pueraria phaseloides, manure, and dolomite. Randomized Block Design (RBD) in 3x3 factorial was applied. The dose of manure and dolomite are the first and second factors respectively, each treatment has 3 replications times. Variables measured were biomass production, dry matter production, carrying capacity, and nutrient content of forage. Results showed that the highest (P<0.05) biomass production produced by the 10 t/ha manure and 2 ton/ha dolomite treatment by 1,638.94 g/m2 compared to the other treatments, and the lowest was achieved in the control by 543.75 g/m2. Carrying capacity of B. decumbens and P. phaseloides on 10 ton/ha manure was the highest (P<0.05) by 0.08 AU compared to the other treatments. Super dolomite administration by 1 ton/ha significantly (P<0.05) produced the highest carrying capacity by amount of 0.83 AU. Manure and dolomite administration significantly (P<0.05) improved the nutritional content of B. decumbens and P. phaseloides.
Study of BMP15 gene polymorphism in Boer, Kacang, and Boerka goats
Authors: Batubara Aron , Elieser Simon , Sumantri Cece
Published: March 2018

The bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) gene or commonly called FecX (fecundity chromosome X) is a gene that controls the prolific properties. This study aims to identify the mutation of BMP15 gene and to analyze its polymorphism in Boer, Kacang, and Boerka goats. The total of 50 female goat bloods were identified using PCR-Sequencing method, 17 Boer, 16 Kacang and 17 Boerka respectively. BMP15 gene amplification resulted fragment with the length of 141 bp. Genotyping of BMP15 gene produced three genotypes. The result showed that BMP15 gene found two polymorphic SNP were analyzed by genotype frequency, allele frequency, heterozygosis and equilibrium of genotype in all population was detected by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test (χ2). Sequence analysis results of BMP15 gene showed that there were two mutation between adenine (A) and guanine (G) bases and determination of genotype BMP15 gene produces three genotypes showed that there were GG, GA and AA. In conclusion, there was found the mutation of BMP15 gene in Boer, Kacang and Boerka goats and genetic polymorphism were identified using PCR-Sequencing method.
Key Words: BMP15 Gene, PCR-Sequencing, Prolific, Genetic Polymorphism, SNP
Production performance of HyCole, New Zealand White Rabbits and its reciprocal
Authors: Brahmantiyo Bram , Raharjo Yono C. , Prasetyo L. H.
Published: March 2018

New Zealand White rabbits (NZW) has been known as broiler rabbit that has been well adapted in Indonesia. HyCole rabbits were imported from France that were selected for high reproduction and growth rate. This study was aimed to evaluate the productivity of HyCole and New Zealand White rabbits and their reciprocal as the basis to develop broiler rabbit which adaptive to tropical climate. Forty heads of doe (PBPB) and 17 heads of buck (PAPA) of HyCole rabbit, and 30 heads of doe and 6 heads of buck of New Zealand White rabbits (NN) were used. The ration was given according to IRIAP standard ration (18 % CP, 2500 kcal ME/kg and 14 % CF). The diet was provided in the morning and the evening, and drinking water was provided ad libitum. Reproductive performance of does (litter size at birth, litter size at wean, mortality and weekly does body weight) and the kit’s growth performance (weekly body weight from weaning until the age of 20 weeks) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using the SAS program (SAS 2001). Rabbits growth data were periodically analyzed by Gompertz model (Blasco & Gomez 1993). HyCole rabbit which was bred in Indonesia had production performance better than NZW rabbit and PAN crossbred (HyCole bucks x NZW does) had the potential to be bred as superior rabbit adaptive to tropical climate because they had hybrid vigor of the number of litter size at birth and kit’s growth rate.
Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken
Authors: . Hasnelly , Iskandar Sofjan , Sartika Tike
Published: March 2018

One of local chicken breeds develop in Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP) is local SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken. This new improved local-meat-type breed was released with Ministry Agriculture Decree Number 39/Kpts/PK.020/1/2017 on 20th January 2017. SenSi-1 Agrinak was originally selected from native Sentul chicken breed obtained from Ciamis district in West Java Province. Selection criteria were two feather colors of grey or black spotted white (pucak), which were applied to both males and females. Pea-comb type was also one criterion for males, applied at the age of 10 weeks. Live weight at the age of 10 weeks with the selection intensity of 25% was applied to each generation of males chicken. Selection proceeded for six generations. Selection program was carried out under standard feed formulae containing around 17% crude protein with 2850 kcal ME/ kg, and containing other nutrients following the ones recommended for modern chicken of White Leghorn. Observation was conducted on each of about 2000 young chickens of grey and of Pucak SenSi-1 Agrinak both males and females age of 10 and 84 weeks. Results showed that grey SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken in total population, had: i) Grey feather color distribution of 55.51% in males, and 60.77% in females; ii) Yellow shank color of 52.51% in males, and 33.33% in females; iii) Pea type comb of 90.98% in males, and 89.23% in females; iv). Ten weeks live weight of 886.38+142.93 g/bird in males, and 739.17+ 118.87 in females. Pucak SenSi-1 Agrinak chicken in total population, had: i) Pucak feather color of 75.65% in males, and 8330% in females; ii) Yellow shank color of 51.91% in males, and 36.59% in females; iii) Pea type comb of 91.55% in males, and 92.28% in females; iv) Ten weeks live weight of 908.76+ 130.98 g/bird in males, and 750.53+ 110.56 g/bird in females. Whilst for grey SenSi-1 Agrinak male chicken after selection had live weight at 10 weeks old of 1015+107 g/bird, and for Pucak SenSi-1 Agrinak male chicken was 1051+76 g/bird. This initial performance information for those two breeds of considerably improved local chicken can be used as the base of information for SenSi-1 Agrinak breed for male line of meat type of local chicken breeding.
The growth of local white muscovy growth during starter and grower period
Authors: Susanti Triana , Purba Maijon
Published: March 2018

Livestock animals with relatively fast growth and great body weight are potential as a producer of meat. In Indonesia, the local muscovy, especially the feathered white is one of the meat-producing livestock. However, an analysis of the growth on local white muscovy is still rarely done. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the point of inflection as growth variables, thus simplifying the preparation of development programs of local white muscovy. A total of 168 of the local unsex white muscovy were examined for their growth since the DOD until 112 days of age. The data of growth i.e. body weight individually examined in every two weeks. The data were analyzed using Gompertz model. The result obtained was the growth equation of local white Muscovy based on the model of Gompertz: Y=2591.3*exp (-3.8636*exp-0.0272*t). Based on these equations, the point of inflection of the local white muscovy occurred at the age of 50 days with a weight of 953.29 g. The maximum body weight gain achieved was 2591.30 g. It is conclude that the growth of local white muscovy was relatively slow, but the body weight was very heavy.
Evaluation of four pasture legumes species as forages and cover crops in oil palm plantation
Authors: Hutasoit Rijanto
Published: March 2018

Pasture legumes is a very high quality of forage. The limited land is the problem of its development. Integration with oil palm plantations is one of the potentials for its development. This study was aimed to investigate the productivity of several legumes (Arachis glabrata, Stylosanthes guianensis, Clitoria ternatea, and Chamaecrista rotundifolia) as forages and cover crop. The potential tests were conducted in oil palm area of 4608 m2, in a complete block design with four treatments (legume species) and three replications. Parameters observed were: Legum production, leaf/stem ratio, chemical composition of legume, concentration of N, P in the soil, microbes in the soil, leguminous digestibility and palm fruit production. Results showed that the highest legume production (DM) was (P<0.05) in the species of Clitoria ternatea (16.15 tons ha-1year-1), the highest leaf/stem ratio (P<0.05) was in the Arachis glabrata (2.09). The chemical composition (DM) did not differ (P>0.05) ranged from 33.75 to 35.75%, the organic matter (OM) varied greatly (P<0.05) the highets was in Clitoria ternatea. The highest Crude protein (P<0.05) was in Clitoria ternatea 17.84%. NDF concentrations did not differ (P>0.05). The lowest ADF concentration (P<0.05) was in Chamaecrista rotundifolia. The concentration of N in the soil indicated that early year of activity was similar (average 0.10%), at the end of activity increased (P<0.05) in treatment Stylosanthes guianensis (0.16%). The highest population of N-fixation bacteria of 1.76x109 and phosphate solvent of 9.8x105 were in the treatment of Clitoria ternatea. Production of fresh fruit bunches of the palm was relatively similar (P>0.05) ranged from 16.52-19.21 tons ha-1year-1. It is concluded that Clitoria ternatea is the best species of legume tested as forage and cover crop in oil palm plantations.
Primordial germ cells profiles incubated for 24 hours in phosphate buffer saline [-] solution
Authors: Kostaman Tatan , Sopiyana Soni
Published: March 2018

Gonadal development is a sequential process that can be divided into three major events: the PGCs migration, sex determination and gonadal differentiation. This study was aimed to see the development of PGCs isolated from the gonads of embryos after being incubated for 7 days and then was incubated using a solution of Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) [-]. The developing gonad can be isolated from 7 days old chick and can be incubated at a temperature of 37.8oC in a solution of PBS [-]: without Ca2+ and Mg2+. The release of gonadal PGC was observed within 1, 8, 16, and 24 hours after the embryonic gonad was placed in a PBS solution [-]. The results showed that PGCs can be separated from gonadal tissues and can be collected by entering the developing gonad to the PBS [-] solution. The highest percentage of PGCs and survival rate was obtained after gonad was incubated for 1 hour and was not different with 8 hours (P>0.05). Those result was significantly different (P<0.05) with the 16 and 24 hours incubation. The highest purity rate percentage was in the 8 hours incubation, but did not show a significant difference (P>0.05) with the 1 and 16 hours incubation. The percentage of the purity differed (P<0.05) after the 24 hours incubation. It can be concluded that the most appropriate incubation time to obtain PGCs from the KUB chicken embryonic gonad is no more than 8 hours.
Contamination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in dairy cow farms
Authors: Rachmawati Faidah , Ariyanti Tati
Published: March 2018

E. coli serotype O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that endangers human health. Cattle are the main reservoir of this bacterium. E. coli O157:H7 that come out of the livestock can contaminate the surrounding environment, dairy products, meat, vegetable or fruit crops, so it can act as a source of infection and disease in humans. This research was conducted to identify the contamination of E. coli O157:H7 on dairy cow farms so the current situation is known. Sampling area for this research was dairy cow farm in Depok, Cianjur, Sukabumi, and Bandung. Types of samples taken are cow anal swab or fresh feces and livestock drinking water. Isolation of E. coli bacteria was done on mTSB media, agar MacConkey, and Eosin Methylene Agar. Identification of bacteria as E. coli O157:H7 was done by biochemical test and for serotype determination was used agglutination test using monospesifik antiserum for O157 and H7. The results of research showed that of the total 178 samples had 126 (70.8%) samples containing E. coli bacteria. Of the 126 samples containing E. coli bacteria, 94 (74.6%) were determined as E. coli serotype O157:H7. The presence of E. coli O157:H7 contaminants on dairy cow farms, their potential impacts on human health, prevention and control of the disease is discussed in this paper.