bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An AI & ML Based Detection & Identification in Remote Imagery: State-of-the-Art
Authors: Hashmi Hina , Dwivedi Rakesh , Kumar Anil
Published: September 2022

Remote Imagery and the allied processing have been a matter of curiosity among researchers for a long, and have achieved various fruitful milestones in various facets. From the near past, due to the entrance and buzz of AI & ML based computing, remotely sensed imagery & allied processing technology are growing rapidly and continuously expanding towards multiple important services- like land surveying, traffic surveillance, and various earth science disciplines. As Artificial intelligence has become the charm of researchers, machine learning and deep learning have been proven as the most commonly used and highly effective techniques for object detection. AI & ML based object segmentation &detection makes this area hot and fond to the researchers again with the opportunities of enhanced accuracy in the same. A vast literature is available from a long past till now related to the development of various techniques proposed in this area. In this paper, we have explored the major techniques of image processing for object detection and identification from remote imagery, including the current research directions and future directives. This literature survey is basically focused on analyzing and summarizing the past and recent work done in this field through a chronological sequence of research done for object detection and identification in remotely sensed imagery.
The Identification Method of the Sources of Radiated Electromagnetic Disturbances on the Basis of Measurements in the Near-Field Zone
Authors: Trzcinka Krzysztof
Published: September 2022

The paper presents results of tests of a simple device, consisting in the location of a source of disturbance emission by means of measurements within the near field with manual positioning of the measuring probe. The effectiveness of the source of disturbance location was finally verified by a positive result of the radiated emission tests in the EMC laboratory using a standardised method.
The Context for Government Regulation of Obesity Around the Globe: Implications for Global Policy Action
Authors: Campbell Amy T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Governments have many “whys” and “hows” to address obesity. While there are similarities, the “why,” “how,” “what,” and “who” behind action are strongly influenced by context, the importance of which is critical for international policy understanding of governmental obesity regulation. Context for Government to Address Obesity & Regulating through Law: Context, e.g., health system and political structure, affects government authority and motivation to address obesity. This snapshot highlights key contextual features to ground law's role in addressing obesity. Comparison of Common Government Approaches to Obesity: Two leading approaches — information and economic incentives — are featured, and major developments shared. Trends and themes emerge, notably the prominence of economic incentives (but divergent uses and targets), and the necessity of incremental strategies. Conclusion and Policy Implications: Contextual complexity cautions against drawing the wrong conclusions: what works in one place may not simply transfer and work in another. And yet, comparative analysis can strengthen the search for transnational measures of policy effectiveness (e.g., equity) and inform discussion of next steps to confront obesity in a diverse but interconnected global society.
Type-0 singularities in the network flow – Evolution of trees
Authors: Mantegazza Carlo , Novaga Matteo , Pluda Alessandra
Published: September 2022

The motion by curvature of networks is the generalization to finite union of curves of the curve shortening flow. This evolution has several peculiar features, mainly due to the presence of junctions where the curves meet. In this paper we show that whenever the length of one single curve vanishes and two triple junctions coalesce, then the curvature of the evolving networks remains bounded. This topological singularity is exclusive of the network flow and it can be referred as a “Type-0” singularity, in contrast to the well known “Type-I” and “Type-II” ones of the usual mean curvature flow of smooth curves or hypersurfaces, characterized by the different rates of blow-up of the curvature. As a consequence, we are able to give a complete description of the evolution of tree–like networks till the first singular time, under the assumption that all the “tangents flows” have unit multiplicity. If the lifespan of such solutions is finite, then the curvature of the network remains bounded and we can apply the results from [T. Ilmanen, A. Neves and F. Schulze, On short time existence for the planar network flow, J. Differential Geom. 111 2019, 1, 39–89] and [J. Lira, R. Mazzeo, A. Pluda and M. Saez, Short–time existence for the network flow, preprint 2021] to “restart” the flow after the singularity.
Post-treatment symptomatic improvement of the eastern Indian ADHD probands is influenced by CYP2D6 genetic variations
Authors: Chatterjee Mahasweta , Saha Sharmistha , Maitra Subhamita , Ray Anirban , Sinha Swagata , Mukhopadhyay Kanchan
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Symptomatic remediation from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-associated traits is achieved by treatment with methylphenidate (MPH)/atomoxetine (ATX). We have analyzed the association of functional CYP2D6 variations, rs1065852, rs3892097, rs1135840, and rs1058164, with ADHD in the Indian subjects.

Methods

Subjects were recruited following the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders. Trait scores were obtained from the Conner’s Parents Rating Scale-Revised. After obtaining informed consent, blood was collected for DNA isolation, and genotyping was performed by PCR or TaqMan-based methods. Probands were treated with MPH or ATX based on age, symptoms, and drug availability. Treatment outcome was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Data obtained was analyzed to identify the association of CYP2D6 variations and the SLC6A3 rs28363170 with the treatment outcome.

Results

The frequency of rs1135840 “G” and rs1065852 “G” was higher in the male ADHD probands. Bias in parental transmission (p=0.007) and association with higher trait scores were observed for rs1065852 “A”. Independent influence of rs1065852 on ADHD was also observed. Probands carrying rs1065852 ‘GG’, rs1135840 ‘CG’, and rs28363170 10R exhibited significant symptomatic improvement with MPH, while probands with rs1135840 ‘CC’ and rs28363170 9R showed improvement after ATX treatment.

Conclusions

ADHD probands having specific CYP2D6 genetic variations respond differentially to pharmaceutical intervention.
Machine learning, artificial intelligence, and chemistry: How smart algorithms are reshaping simulation and the laboratory
Authors: Kuntz David , Wilson Angela K.
Published: September 2022

Machine learning and artificial intelligence are increasingly gaining in prominence through image analysis, language processing, and automation, to name a few applications. Machine learning is also making profound changes in chemistry. From revisiting decades-old analytical techniques for the purpose of creating better calibration curves, to assisting and accelerating traditional in silico simulations, to automating entire scientific workflows, to being used as an approach to deduce underlying physics of unexplained chemical phenomena, machine learning and artificial intelligence are reshaping chemistry, accelerating scientific discovery, and yielding new insights. This review provides an overview of machine learning and artificial intelligence from a chemist’s perspective and focuses on a number of examples of the use of these approaches in computational chemistry and in the laboratory.
Apprendre à être créatif : une étude comparative du développement de la créativité comme compétence numérique en milieu d’apprentissage riche en technologies
Authors: Léger Michel
Published: September 2022

Ce travail de recherche présente les résultats d’une étude comparative sur le développement de la créativité, menée auprès de deux groupes d’élèves du secondaire, l’un ayant appris dans un milieu riche en technologies (laboratoire de fabrication numérique) et l’autre, ayant reçu un enseignement dans un environnement d’apprentissage plus traditionnel. L’étude explore la relation possible entre la pensée créative (variable dépendante et indicateur de compétence numérique) et l’environnement d’apprentissage (variable indépendante catégorique). Des analyses par test t pour échantillons appariés ont révélé que la pensée créative semble s’améliorer de façon significative dans les groupes ayant appris en milieu riche en technologies.
Climate and Daily Life in the Roman Sahara
Authors: Bloomfield Kevin
Published: September 2022

This paper focuses on the garrison stationed at the frontier fort of Gholaia (Bu Njem), located in the Tripolitanian interior, throughout the sixty years of the outpost’s existence during the third century CE. It asks how the military community functioned on a day-to-day basis while living in an oasis environment. The study makes use of the extensive epigraphic material recovered at the fort. It includes not only 150 ostraca but also a poem documenting the travails of life in the desert, written by the commanding centurion and placed in the encampment’s bathhouse. Analysis of the available evidence identifies three immediate and persistent vulnerabilities that the occupation of Gholaia precipitated—namely, the oasis’s inadequacy to feed its residents, an insufficient supply of wood to meet the population’s demands, and the presence of endemic disease. It finds that the garrison was able to limit the danger imposed by the challenges, but not solve them on a permanent basis, through modifications to the normal practices of army life found at any legionary encampment in the empire. In so doing, the institution and operation of these behaviors on the part of the soldiers acquired newfound significance. The climatic context of the desert oasis imparted an immediacy to the performance of everyday life by making mere existence at the fort so perceptibly arduous.
Planning coastal Mediterranean stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) reforestations as a green infrastructure: combining GIS techniques and statistical analysis to identify management options
Authors: Portoghesi Luigi , Tomao Antonio , Bollati Simone , Mattioli Walter , Angelini Alice , Agrimi Mariagrazia
Published: September 2022

Mediterranean stone pine reforestations are common characteristics of the Italian Tyrrhenian coast, which mostly maintain uniform and monolayered stand structures. However, improving structural diversity is an effective climate change adaptation strategy in forest management. The aim of this study was to implement a methodology which allows distinct reforested areas such as a single green infrastructure to be managed according to the surrounding land use and the characteristics of the forest stands. 240 hectares of Mediterranean stone pine forests located along a 16 km strip of the Lazio coast (Central Italy) were mapped. Twelve attributes describing the pine stands and showing possible constraints for future management decisions were associated to each forest patch. A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to group the pinewood patches according to their similarity level and five different groups were identified. For each group, different silvicultural methods were proposed to guide the compositional and structural evolution of the stands, in order to make them suitable for providing services required locally and increasing overall diversity at landscape scale. The results of the study highlight how coastal land uses can offer effective inputs to differentiate the management of forest systems and therefore achieve greater variety and resilience in the landscape over time. This approach is particularly useful in the case of very homogeneous stands such as the stone pine reforestations under study.
The negative association of lower body fat mass with cardiometabolic disease risk factors is partially mediated by adiponectin
Authors: Gradidge Philippe Jean-Luc , Jaff Nicole G , Norris Shane A , Toman Marketa , Crowther Nigel J
Published: September 2022

Gluteofemoral fat correlates negatively with a number of cardiometabolic disease risk factors, but the mechanisms involved in these relationships are unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that gluteofemoral fat attenuates the risk of cardiometabolic disease by increasing blood adiponectin levels. This was a cross-sectional study in which arm, leg, gluteofemoral, abdominal s.c. and visceral fat levels were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 648 African females. Fasting serum adiponectin, lipid, insulin and plasma glucose levels and blood pressure were measured. Relationships between variables were analysed using multivariable linear regression and structural equation modelling. Adiponectin correlated positively (β = 0.45, P < 0.0001) with gluteofemoral fat in a multivariable regression model that included age, height, and arm, s.c. and visceral fat levels. In further regression models, there was a negative correlation of gluteofemoral fat with fasting glucose (β = −0.28; P < 0.0001) and triglyceride levels (β = −0.29; P < 0.0001) and insulin resistance (HOMA; β = −0.26; P < 0.0001). Structural equation modelling demonstrated that adiponectin mediated 20.7% (P < 0.01) of the association of gluteofemoral fat with insulin resistance and 16.1% (P < 0.01) of the association with triglyceride levels but only 6.67% (P = 0.31) of the association with glucose levels. These results demonstrate that gluteofemoral and leg fat are positively associated with adiponectin levels and that the negative association of lower body fat with insulin resistance and triglyceride levels may partially be mediated by this adipokine. Further studies are required to determine other factors that mediate the effect of lower body fat on cardiometabolic disease risk factors.
Structural and morphological properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles dopped by Boron atoms
Authors: Mironyuk Ivan , Mykytyn Igor , Vasylyeva Hanna
Published: September 2022

The phase composition and morphology of boron-containing TiO2 nanoparticles obtained by the sol-gel method were investigated. The solution of titanium aqua complex [Ti (OH2)6]3+‧3Cl- was used as a precursor. Borate acid Н3ВО3 (promoter of the formation of rutile) was used as a modified reagent. A single-phase rutile TiO2 was obtained at a concentration of borate acid in the reaction mixture, which causes the formation of a 0.5В-TiO2 sample. The particles of 0.5В-TiO2 samples were in the villi-form, with a diameter of 0.8-1.2 nm, and a length of 16-24 nm.

With an increase of the Н3ВО3 concentration in the reaction mixture, synthesized oxide materials (samples of 1.0В-TiO2 and 1.5В-TiO2) contain 70 % and 57% of anatase respectively, in addition to rutile phase.  Titanium-borate monodentate molecules Ti(OH)3OB(OH)2‧2Н2О were formed during the synthesis of the 0.5B-TiO2 rutile sample.  The interatomic distance of Ti-O in these particles is commensurate with the average length of the Ti-O – bond of TiO6 rutile octahedra. During the polycondensation process, the distance of the Ti-O molecule-promoter was reproduced as a pattern in the following octahedra of rutile crystals.

Two types of titanium-borate molecules are formed in the reaction medium, during the synthesis of 1.0В-TiO2 and 1.5В-TiO2 samples. Molecules with a bidentate mononuclear structure Ті(ОН)2О2ВОН‧2Н2О in which the interatomic distance of Ti-O is commensurate with the average length of the Ti-O –bond in the anatase octahedra was formed. Therefore, titanium-borate molecules of the second type act as a promoter of the formation of the TiO2 anatase phase.
Effect of different thickness of the layers of cross-laminated timber made from Chinese fir on the mechanical performance
Authors: Wang Xinmeng , Que Yilin , Hu Yunhui , Jiang Guichao , Que Zeli
Published: September 2022

Under the premise of an unchanging total thickness in cross-laminated timber (CLT) made from Chinese fir, research into the effect of different CLT laminate thicknesses on the mechanical performance (bending and shear performance) was performed using the existing CLT static analysis theory to calculate and compare the bending performance of CLT specimens. The results showed that at constant total thickness the bending performance increased, the shear performance worsened, and the destruction mode of the CLT structure became simpler with an increase in the CLT laminate thickness. Increasing the odd to even layer thickness ratio effectively improved the bending and shear performance of the CLT specimens for a certain percentage range.
Mycoremediation of copper: Exploring the metal tolerance of brown rot fungi
Authors: Akgul Ayfer , Akgul Ali
Published: September 2022

In recent decades, fungal roles in bioremediation of toxic contaminants such as potentially toxic elements (PTEs) residing in soil, waste water, and landfills have been studied. Bioremediation is an alternative way to deal with toxic contaminants in the environment. Some decay fungi are able to remove metals by producing metabolites, such as oxalate, which can react with metal ions and generate insoluble forms of metal:crystal complexes. Brown-rot fungi have the ability to produce extracellular oxalate in significant amounts, and this is closely related to chelation of copper by precipitating to copper oxalate crystals. Copper-tolerant brown-rot fungi have a potential role in a bioremediation system by depolymerizing the structure of wood treated with copper-based wood preservatives and adapting to copper through increased oxalate production and formation of copper oxalate crystals. The focus of this review is to suggest that copper-tolerant brown-rot fungi could be a viable option for use in future mycoremediation practices.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the molecular patterns regulating prickle reduction in grafted Zanthoxylum armatum
Authors: Wang Yi , Feng Fayu , Yuan Xiaolong , Hao Jiabo , Guo Yongqing , Lu Bin
Published: September 2022

Grafting has been found to effectively reduce the prickly nature of Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. A comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on stems (JJ) and leaves (JY) of grafted stems (SJ) and leaves (SY) of non-grafted Zanthoxylum armatum seedlings. The authors obtained 3097, 2124, 5995, and 5043 differentially expressed genes from JJ vs. SJ, JY vs. SY, JY vs. JJ, and SY vs. SJ with 17 co-expressed genes. The RNA-seq results were confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. Function annotations showed that many DEGs enriched plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interaction. Secondary metabolites associated with stress-related hormones and defense were noticeably up-regulated in grafted plants. However, key enzymes regulating lignin synthesis were slightly down-regulated in grafted plants. Additionally, grafted plants had several noticeable up-regulated stress-response TFs (transcription factors), including NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC1/2), ERF (ethylene response factor), MYB (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog), bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix), and WRKY. This study generated abundant sequences for elucidating the genetic differences between grafted and non-grafted Z. armatum.
Review of connections for timber-concrete composite structures under fire
Authors: Shi Danrong , Hu Xiamin , Hong Wan , Zhang Jing , Du Hao
Published: September 2022

A timber-concrete composite structure has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, and low carbon, and has wide application prospects. However, the effects of fire on timber-concrete composite structures are complicated. It is important to study the fire performance of connections and their influencing factors for the promotion and application of timber-concrete composite structures. This paper summarizes the research progress of connections for timber-concrete composite structures under fire. Firstly, research on the performance of connections in timber-concrete composite structures under fire is introduced, including screwed connections, notched, and grooved connections, and steel truss plate connections. Secondly, the calculation methods focused on connections of timber-concrete composite structures under fire are introduced. Finally, the main points of modeling timber-concrete composite structures under fire are also briefly introduced.
White Tongue Because of Uremic Stomatitis as a Sign of Advanced Kidney Disease
Authors: Hasselfeld Kathryn , Van Ingen Jessica , Chandler Grace , Williams Leah , Osborne Christina , Blanchette Eliza
Published: September 2022

We present a case of a previously healthy adolescent male who initially presented to his primary care physician with the chief complaint of a “large and white tongue,” who subsequently was diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and associated uremic stomatitis. This patient required admission to a PICU for acute renal replacement therapy with intermittent hemodialysis, and his hospital course was complicated by generalized tonic-clonic seizures. ESKD is difficult to diagnose in the pediatric population because these patients are often asymptomatic in the early stages given the insidiousness of underlying disorders. Renal disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child with a white tongue not being the result of oral candidiasis.
Responsible Governance in Containing the Spread of COVID-19 in a Developing State
Authors: Mukherjee Debarshi , Chakraborty Subhayan , Bhadra Subhasis , Hasan Khandakar Kamrul , Jena Lokesh Kumar , Debnath Ranjit
Published: September 2022

Aim. The study aims to evaluate the government policy implementation in tackling the global pandemic and framing universal policies for responsible governance. It also measures the impact of training interventions and non-training implications in containing the spread of COVID-19 at the grassroots level.

Methods. The samples were drawn empirically from pathological tests conducted over 23 weeks to precisely examine the success of the State Government's approach in lowering COVID-19 mortality and spread. Through trend analysis, the outcome has been predicted. The study establishes a link between acknowledged ideas and government practices, providing insight into how relevant the implementation of planned state-craft programs is.

Results. The findings indicated that government-imposed policies account for timely pandemic containment, and even a tiny developing state lacking advanced medical facilities and technology can set an example in combating the epidemic.

Conclusions. The temporal analysis is based on the inputs acquired from government publications and other sources, allowing us to assess policy initiatives that encompass training interventions and non-training implications as prioritized by the State Government. The paper shows that a good emergency preparedness and response system is needed to prevent huge losses in any sector. This includes the already-struggling health sector, which India needs to put first to avoid more tragedies.
A New Window on Interaction: Does Mindfulness Play a Role?
Authors: Khonamri Fatemeh , Soleimani Masha , Gadušová Zdenka , Pavera Libor
Published: September 2022

Aim. The paper aims to investigate the students interactions engaged in mindful tasks in an English reading classroom. It attempts to explore whether there is any connection between being mindful and having a good interaction.
Methods. For the research a case study approach was utilised, in which eight BA students majoring in English language and literature at the University of Mazandaran participated. They were divided into two groups of non-mindful and less mindful, each having four members based on their scores from Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The data was collected in three sessions of critical reading practice, in which both groups were engaged in different forms of critical reading tasks. The less mindful group was encouraged to engage in some mindful activities prior to the critical reading tasks. All the sessions were video recorded and then transcribed for analysis. The transcribed data were analysed by the researcher and a second rater.
Results. The results of the data analysis demonstrated that there were some minor differences in interactions of non-mindful and less-mindful group in critical reading tasks. The less-mindful group seemed to have more interactions than the non-mindful one.
Conclusions. Due to the study limitations the results cannot be generalised.
Originality. Mindfulness is a fairly new concept in English language teaching which is attracting attention as an alternative to promote learning. However, within the context of education, there have also been a select few studies that have focused on the benefits of mindfulness in English reading classrooms.
Covid-19 Pandemic and Human Rights – Myth or Reality?
Authors: Tvrdoň Miroslav , Akimjak Amantius , Slobodova Novakova Katarina , Biryukova Yulia Nickolaevna
Published: September 2022

Aim. During the pandemic situation of Covid-19, various true or false information about the spread, treatment, prevention, and vaccination against Covid-19 began to spread in the media, as well as in the real world. It is necessary to fight against various hoaxes on the basis of modern and especially scientifically documented information.
Method. This study addresses human rights and change in society before and during the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The authors of the study worked with specific texts and with the help of literary and textual analysis, as well as analytical and synthetic methods. Basic human rights and freedoms during the pandemic were pointed out, together with various myths which circulate among non-professional individuals
Results. The results of the study confirm that the pandemic situation of Covid-19 requires constant explanation, exploration, and confirmation of professional and scientific studies by experts in the media as well as within the social life of people, just to reject various hypotheses of people who are not experts in the field and who disseminate false and scientifically and technically unsubstantiated information.
At-Risk Youth in the Context of Current Normality – Psychological Aspects
Authors: Hlad Ľubomir , Konečná Irena , Žalec Bojan , Majda Peter , Ionescu Tiberius Constantin , Biryukova Yulia Nickolaevna
Published: September 2022

Aim. At-risk individuals have many forms, often it is the two opposing sides of a personality which can ultimately implement risky behaviour only to accept an individual into a peer group.
Concept. The risky behaviour of young people and children currently associated with a  consumer society aggravated by the pandemic situation Covid-19 is the subject of interest in professional as well as scientific research of various professionals who work in different areas of life.
Methods. This study deals with the risks, social, but also individual consequences of at-risk youth, which occur at all levels of society. In the study, we proceeded in an analytical-synthetic way, interpreting and ascertaining the results of various other scientific and professional studies by foreign authors who deal with the given issue.
Results. The study confirms that risky behaviour requires a constant approach to educating a young person through not only the family but also the school environment, which allows a new perspective on risky youth behaviour.  However, it is very important to integrate young people into society to see the risks of their behaviour not only for themselves. but for a narrower or wider community.
Conclusion. The scientific articles and contributions offered in this study point out the risky behaviour of young people, the risks of behaviour not only for individuals but also for groups, it points out the possible causes, reasons, but also consequences of risky behaviour.
The „Book of the Judge”. On the Importance of Kierkegaard’s Journals and Papers
Authors: Kralik Roman , Binetti Mária J. , Kondrla Peter
Published: September 2022

Aim. Our main purpose is  to explain the connection between the work and the intimate existence of Søren Kierkegaard, and how freedom operates in both of them. 
Concept. The article makes visible new writing ways that open from within Kierkegaard's work. Analytical reading of Kierkegaard's Journals and the comparative interpretation of the rest of Kierkegaard's work in terms of communicative styles and explains the genesis and location and type of communication of the Journals within the framework of the Kierkegaardian Corpus.  
Results.  Kierkegaard’s philosophy is present and indicates the extremely personal place in which the author possessed its work.  
Conclusions. We conclude the unavoidable importance of the Journals for the interpretation of Kierkegaard's work. The reason why the Journals are for Kierkegaard's „The Book of the Judge” lies in the direct, personal and intimate communication of its writing. Existence as free and self-conscious action constitutes the core of the article. On it rests the personal development of the individual and the incommensurable value of his life and work.
Lifelong Learning and Development for Social Workers
Authors: Budayová Zuzana , Svoboda Michal , Kóša Marek , Tudose Catalina , Molchanova Irma Igorevna
Published: September 2022

Aim. In the paper, the authors demonstrate the influence of the education and educational level of social workers on the quality of social work as a profession that helps people in unfavorable situation. They point to the importance of lifelong learning, which is essential for advancing the knowledge and competences of social workers in practice.
Concept. Lifelong education for social workers is currently a necessity for their functioning not only on the basis of the rapid, dynamic changes in their problems and social clients, but also for rapid and dynamic changes in the use of methods and techniques of social work.
Method. The study deals with the educational development of employees in the profession of social worker. It defines and identifies forms of continuous education of social workers, which can have different methods and which can result in different competencies of a social worker.
Results. The study confirms that the lifelong learning of social workers requires constant access to support and information about education, but also to set opportunities and thus facilitate access to the education of social workers. It is necessary to realise that the competences of the social worker must be in accordance with the education that the social worker has.
Conclusion. The scientific articles and contributions that we offer in this study point to lifelong learning, which has the effect of expanding the possibilities of a social worker’s work with several types of clients, increases his competences and thus acquires a lot of knowledge and skills that are subsequently applied in practice.
Sacral Architecture in Finland and its Community Forming Role
Authors: Lewandowska Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Maciej
Published: September 2022

Aim. The subject of this article is the role of the Finnish Church institution and its influence on shaping the local community. The article presents the possibilities of using and shaping the interiors of temples, depending on the period in which they were created and the function they were to perform.
Methods. The authors of the article present the role of Church institution in Finland from the Middle Ages to the present day. The historical educational role of the church and its contemporary community-building function will be outlined. The authors will also present how these assumptions translate into shaping its architecture.
Results and conclusion. Despite the considerable secularization of society, the Protestant church in Finland still plays a central role in the local community. The church, with its dominant and educational role in the past, became a companion of the inhabitants, providing them with spaces adapted to their needs, regardless of their age or religion. Once limited, single-space forms of temples, today with an extensive program function as local cultural centers and meeting places adapted to the needs of their users.
Developing General and Subject Competences of Primary School Pupils in the Context of Integrated Education: the Case of one Lithuanian School
Authors: Ponomariovienė Jovita , Jakavonytė-Staškuvienė Daiva
Published: September 2022

Aim. The aim of the research is to provide a scientific justification for the integrated development of general and subject-specific competences of primary school pupils.
Methods. The exploratory qualitative case study was conducted in a private school in Lithuania. The integrated activities covered the content of Lithuanian language and science education, as well as general competences such as communication and digital competences. The activity was implemented in grade 4 with 12 pupils (8 boys and 4 girls). A semi-structured interview with the class teacher was also conducted.
Results and conclusion. The data from the empirical study were analysed according to the following thematic clusters: interest in the activity, group work, searching for information in the encyclopaedia and in electronic sources, working with a robot when integrating the digital skills and the content of science education, descriptions of animals as a summarising and consolidating activity. The study found that if the educational process is well thought out, if the pupils are interested, they can work independently and support each other in explaining the content, while the teacher becomes an observer, a facilitator, and can concentrate on the pupils’ individual activities during this process. Well-designed tasks with the robot develop not only digital literacy skills, but also the reinforcement of subject content related to the use of concepts.
Originality. The case study provides valuable insights into the implementation of an educational process that integrates general and subject-specific competences, and the detailed description of the activities shows which tasks support students’ independent learning.
Studying the Innovative Flax Pulling Process in Apparatuses with Transverse Pulling Channels
Authors: Rostovtsev Roman A. , Kovalev Mixail M. , Perov Gennady A. , Prosolov Sergey V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. During fiber-flax harvesting, the working tools of pulling units actively interact with the flax plants. The flax pulling unit with transverse tape-disc pulling channels is characterized by the separation of technological plant flows resulting in the loss of seeds and damage to the flax stems. The aim of the work is the theoretical and experimental substantiation of changes in the design of the pulling units with transverse tape-disc pulling channels by eliminating the separation of technological plant flows during flax pulling.
Materials and Methods. Experimental studies to substantiate the parameters and modes of the pulling unit operation were carried out according to available and newly developed methodologies, while the evaluation of flax products was carried out according to current GOSTs (Russian National standards). There was determined the influence of the flax ripeness stages, flax yield, and a type of pulling unit on the indicators of separation of technological plant flows and on seed losses. The influence of the pulling unit type, operating width of the pulling section, and the pulling unit speed on the indicators of processing flax straw was also established.
Results. There was obtained the dependence for determining the flax stem base elongation, taking into account the seed boll cohesion. The design of the modernized flax pulling unit was used to assess the effect of reducing the flax stem base elongation and eliminating the separation of technological plant flows during pulling on the reduction of seed loss and increase in the yield of flax longs. In the improved flax harvester, the frame elements are positioned behind the pulling unit. Thanks to the modernization of the pulling unit, the flax straw was of higher quality: 1.5 numbers at THLN-1.9M and 1.25 numbers at THLN-1.9P.
Discussion and Conclusion. The modernized pulling unit THLN-1,9M during flax harvesting in the stage of early yellow ripeness, compared with the unit THLN-1,9P, can reduce seed loss by 1.4-2.0%, increased output of long fiber by 1.3%. The production of flax longs increases to 0.45 of its number.
Automated Train Coordinate Determination System with Self-Tuning of the Decision Function
Authors: Tarasov Evgeny M. , Tarasova Anna E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The problem of determining the train coordinates on the approach section to the crossing is associated with the impact of destabilizing factors on the information primary detector ? the rail line with distributed parameters. This leads to an error in calculating train coordinates. The aim of the study is to develop and scientifically substantiate the principle of building a system for calculating train coordinates with self-tuning of the decision function under the influence of significant destabilizing factors on the information primary sensor.
Materials and Methods. To solve the problem of reliable determination of train coordinates, we propose a two-phase principle for forming the decision function. At the first stage, by means of a training sample of images and using the learning principle, the decision function (model) of the system for calculating train coordinates is determined. When the train enters a fixed-length approach section, the mismatch is determined by comparing the calculated coordinate with the fixed one. The second stage is the self-tuning of the coefficients of the decision function until the required accuracy is achieved.
Results. The article shows the stages of forming the decision function by two-dimensional images; there was developed and tested an algorithm for self-turning of the decision function under the influence of various destabilizing factors. Through using 6 attributes of components of current and voltage vectors at the rail line input, 6 solving functions were obtained. Various combinations of two-dimensional images were used as polynomial arguments.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study results confirm the feasibility of forming decision function and its self-tuning. The maximum error in calculating coordinates for various combinations ranges from 9.97% (199.34 m) to 4.57% (91.49 m). The error of determination of 5% for two decisive functions satisfies the safety requirements, since in a 45-second time interval to activate an automatic crossing signal, a distance of 100 m is covered in 3 seconds, i.e. the elapsed time is only 3 seconds in a 45 second interval.
Syi’ah dan Tafsir al-Mīzān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān karya Muḥammad Ḥusein al-Ṭabātabā’ī
Authors: Anshori Anshori
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the interpretation of Muhammad Husein al-Tabataba’i on QS. al-Zumar (39): 65 and QS. al-Baqarah (2): 136 in his commentary, al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an. This study aims to show that there is a side of moderation in the interpretation of al-Ṭabataba'i which leads to the Sunni meaning, in this case, the interpretation of monotheism. The research method used in this study is descriptive analysis, which is to collect related data and then analyze it. The data analysis used refers to what is offered by Huberman & Miles, namely, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions or verification. The results of this study indicate that the interpretation of al-Ṭabataba'i on QS. al-Zumar (39): 65 and QS. al-Baqarah (2): 136 is different from the interpretation of the Shiites, in this case, the interpretation of al-Kulaini. Al-Ṭabataba'i interprets the word shirk in QS. al-Zumar (39): 65 by associating partners with Allah as is the case with the Sunnis, not associating partners with the Imams, as interpreted by al-Kulaini. Then also interpret the word of God "qulu amanna billah ..." in QS. al-Baqarah (2) 136 by witnessing faith in Allah and also in the Prophets, differs from the interpretation of al-Kulaini which explains that what is meant by "believing in what Allah has sent down" is believing in Ali, Fatima, Hasan, Husein, and the Imams after them.
Ancestors, Goddesses, Ritual and Politics
Authors: Martin Matthew
Published: September 2022

This article will recount the author’s fieldwork in Bhaktapur, Nepal, between 2015 and 2016, during two separate stints, which coincided with the aftermath of an earthquake that occurred in April 2015. The author conducted his research with a family of dancer-mediums in Bhaktapur—known locally as the Banmalas—in an area known as Kamalvin?yak. Annually, from October to June, the Banmalas perform a series of ritual performances in and around Bhaktapur. During these rites, each medium embodies a member of a goddess-family (Navadurg?) whose respective shrines encircle Bhaktapur’s borders. Broadly, this article will introduce the family’s traditions, rituals and political affinities, whilst also highlighting the importance of combining group-centred fieldwork with a cross-sectional study for scholars of contemporary religion.
Stout, Adam. 2020. Glastonbury Holy Thorn: Story of a Legend
Authors: Penicka-Smith Sarah
Published: September 2022

Stout, Adam. 2020. Glastonbury Holy Thorn: Story of a Legend. Glastonbury: Green & Pleasant Publishing. xiii + 154 pp. ISBN 978-1-9162686-0-9 (hbk). £12.99.
The Role of Latent Iron Deficiency and Its Subsequent Correction in Adolescent Boys' Functional Performance
Authors: Shadrina I. L. , Balashova E. A.
Published: September 2022

Background. Iron deficiency remains the most frequent nutrient deficiency in the world. Its negative impact on the physical and psychomotor development determines the importance of its timely, fast, and complete correction. Thus, the clinical efficacy of iron supplementation and its effect on body function, especially in latent iron deficiency (LID), is still insufficiently studied.

Objective. The aim of the study is to identify the effect of iron supplementation in various dosages on functional performance of healthy adolescent boys but considering the initial iron levels.

Methods. The study covered teenage boys 12–17 years old from I and II health groups studying in Samara Cadet Corps. All children were divided into groups according to the examination results (CBC, serum ferritin level): study group — 20 children with iron deficiency (3 children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were not included in this analysis), and the control group — 99 children. All children received iron supplements for 30 days: children with LID — 2.5 mg/kg/day, healthy children — 15 mg/day.

Results. Normalization of serum ferritin was achieved only in 75% (16) of children after 30 days of iron intake. The mean timed expiratory capacity was 20" (16 ± 25) in healthy and 17.5" (11.25 ± 21.75) in iron deficiency (p = 0.081) group. There is a tendency to prolong the breath retention time on exhalation after supplementation in LID group (p = 0.068). The recovery time of heart rate before supplementation was 118.8 ± 71.7" in study group and 168.0 ± 98.5" in control group (p = 0.045) according to the results of the Martin – Kushelevsky test. After supplementation it has decreased only in study group (p = 0.009). The children's muscle strength in compared groups did not differ before (p = 0.486) and after (p = 0.567) supplementation, however, it has increased in the control group regarding the initial values (p = 0.003). Physical fitness indicators in both groups did not differ before supplementation. Study group significantly improved the running time by 60 m (p = 0.038) after supplementation. Control group has shown positive dynamics for three indicators: pulling out from suspension on high bar (p = 0.019), long jump (p = 0.026), and running at 60 m (0.018). Moreover, there were no differences between study and control groups after supplementation.

Conclusion. Iron deficiency has moderate negative effect on adaptive respiratory and cardiovascular capabilities and fatigue. Iron supplementation mainly improves the indicators of cardiovascular system in case of iron deficiency, and indicators of muscle strength and physical fitness in case of normal iron levels.
Time-varying dynamic analysis of factors affecting the levels of underpricing, average pricing, and overpricing of the US dollar in global derivatives markets
Authors: Kuzu Mehmet
Published: September 2022

Purpose- The aim of this study is to calculate the coefficient parameters of the factors affecting the pricing in the low, average, and overpricing intervals and points of the US Global dollar index and then to investigate the dynamic historical effects of these parameters.
Methodology in the study, "Quantile Regression" to calculate parameter differences in pricing intervals and "Kalman Filtering" methods to calculate their historical dynamic effects.
Findings- In the design of the study, The intervals are 0.5-0.95 incremental overpricing, 0.5 (Median) average, and 0.05-0.5 (Median) underpricing (low-pricing). The study's results show that model 0.4. quantile has respectively the highest value R2 and adjusted R2 values, approximately 53.2 percent and 49.1 percent. Additionally, the probability value of all 19 estimated models is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. While the coefficients of the Baltic Dry Index (at 5%), the Global gold prices (at 5%), and the US 10-year bond yields (10%) are negative, the coefficients of the Nasdaq (10%) and Vix (5% and 10%) have positive signs. These variables are significant in the underpricing quantiles that conducted interval of the US Dollar index (0.05-0.5) in the research design. The price point that represents the median value yields the same results. From that point of view, only the Vix index is significant and only at a 10% level. The Baltic Dry Index (5%), Bitcoin and Gold prices (5% and 10%), US 10-year interest rates-yields (5%), and CDS premium are among the factors that are relevant in the high-quantile overpricing range of the US Dollar index (0.05-0.5). (5 percent and 10 percent ), Although the variables' coefficients are negative, the coefficients for inflation (at 5% and 10%), Nasdaq (at 5%), and the VIX index (10%) are positive. The dynamic coefficients determined historically and dynamically using the Kalman filtering technique in all quantiles have had the same values.
Conclusion- Since Kalman analysis and quantile regression analysis have different theoretical background, parameter differences in underpricing and overpricing periods may be eliminated when historical dynamics are examined. As a result, even though the findings of quantile regression and the results of Kalman analysis were roughly parallel, the predicted parameters for some variables did not closely match the effects of either technique. The literature has noted that research utilizing both methodologies might run into such statements that can be encountered in the study’s findings under comparable circumstances (Bernardi v., 2016: 34). Additionally, as the geopolitical risk index conveys countercyclical hazards, the rising geopolitical risks in the historical coefficients raised the US dollar index, according to Kalman's study.

Keywords: Global US dollar ındex, derivatives markets, exchange rate shocks
JEL Codes: F30, F31, G13