bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toll-like receptor 4-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress induces intestinal paneth cell damage in mice following CLP-induced sepsis
Authors: Wang Yijie , Zhang Dapeng , Li Congxin , Wu Xue , He Chen , Zhu Xiaolin , Zhao Haiyan , Mu Lingjie
Published: September 2022

A marked elevation of TLR4 was observed in various organs of septic mice. The mechanism of TLR4 in intestinal epithelial cell damage in sepsis remains unclear. CLP mice models were used to assess the role of TLR4 in intestinal Paneth cell damage by histological, polymerase chain reaction, western-blot analyses. The ileal expression of TLR4 was increased by more than five-fold after CLP. CLP significantly increased 7-day mortality and was associated with a higher murine sepsis score (MSS), closely related with increased TLR4 expression. Histological staining revealed that a reduced number of Paneth cells, accompanied by reduced lysozyme and defensin alpha 5(DEF-5) expression as detected by PCR. Of note, the expression levels of ATF6, XBP1 and CHOP increased in the ileal of the sepsis group. Meanwhile, the uncleaved p90 ATF6 was markedly reduced and cleaved p50 ATF6 was increased in the sepsis group. Intriguingly, The TAK-242 had improved intestinal mucosal injury, reduced the expression of ATF6, XBP1 and CHOP and relieved the cleavage of ATF6. We found that increased the expression level of TLR4 in the ileal of CLP mice promoted the depletion of Paneth cell and reduced LYZ and DEF-5 expression. Furthermore, our findings suggested that TLR4-mediated the hyperactivation of ER stress, via activating the ATF6/CHOP pathway, might be one of the mechanisms associated with Paneth cells loss and dysfunction during intestinal barrier impairment of sepsis.
The effect of gelatin as pore expander in green synthesis mesoporous silica for methylene blue adsorption
Authors: Ulfa Maria , Prasetyoko Didik , Trisunaryanti Wega , Bahruji Hasliza , Fadila Zahra Ayu , Sholeha Novia Amalia
Published: September 2022

Mesoporous silica NSG had been synthesized while employing gelatin as a natural template to successfully increase the particle size and expand the pore diameter of NSG. All silica samples exhibited a similar XRD pattern with a broad peak centred at 2θ = 22.9°, as the characteristic of amorphous silica. FTIR results showed that the reduction of Si–O–Si symmetric stretching vibrations at 1075 cm−1 was due to the use of a high percentage of gelatin. Moreover, TEM analysis displayed the mesoporous channels in the form of a honeycomb structure with a diameter of ± 6 nm. Gelatin enhanced the surface area of silica from 467 to 510 m2/g, the pore volume from 0.64 to 0.72 cc/g and expanded the pore diameter from 3.5 nm to 6.0 nm. The expansion of the ordered mesopores with the increase of P123: gelatin ratios was elucidated by the pore size distribution. The adsorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) was improved on mesoporous silica with an expanded pore dimension to give 168 mg/g adsorption capacity within 70 min.
Characteristic distribution and molecular properties of normal cellular prion protein in human endocrine and exocrine tissues
Authors: Koyama Sachiko , Noguchi Hideko , Yagita Kaoru , Hamasaki Hideomi , Shijo Masahiro , Yoshimura Motoi , Inoshita Kohei , Sasagasako Naokazu , Honda Hiroyuki
Published: September 2022

Prion disease is an infectious and fatal neurodegenerative disease. Human prion disease autopsy studies have revealed abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) deposits in the central nervous system and systemic organs. In deer, chronic wasting disease has also become a global problem, with PrPSc in saliva and feces. Therefore, understanding normal cellular prion proteins (PrPc) characteristics in human systemic organs is important since they could be a PrPSc source. This study used western blotting and immunohistochemistry to investigate endocrine and exocrine tissues, such as the human pituitary, adrenal, submandibular glands and the pancreas. All tissues had 30–40 kDa PrP signals, which is a slightly higher molecular weight than normal brain tissue. Most cytoplasmic PrP-positive adenohypophyseal cells were immunopositive for nuclear pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1. The adrenal medulla and islet cells of the pancreas were PrP-positive and colocalized with chromogranin A. The duct epithelium in the submandibular gland and pancreas were immunopositive for PrP. This study reports the characteristic molecular properties and detailed tissue localization of PrPc in endocrine and exocrine tissues, which is important for infection control and diagnosis.
Synthesis of vinyl-based silica nanoparticles by sol–gel method and their influences on network microstructure and dynamic mechanical properties of nitrile rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Ghamarpoor Reza , Jamshidi Masoud
Published: September 2022

Non-agglomeration and dispersion of silica nanoparticles in polymers and their interfacial interactions to polymer matrix are the most important factors that influence nanocomposites performance. In this work, vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) as a low VOC emission coupling agent was used for surface modification of silica nanoparticles to prepare better dispersion in nitrile rubber (NBR) and improve its interfacial interactions to silica nanoparticles. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy demonstrated successful attachment of VTES molecules on the surface of silica nanoparticles. Dispersion of the modified silica nanoparticles in NBR matrix was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy and rubber process analysis. Results demonstrated that VTES significantly improved dispersion of nanoparticles in rubbery matrix. The bound rubber content showed that VTES effectively built a bridge between the silica nanoparticles and the rubber matrix that led to promising mechanical performances and strong interfacial interactions. Effect of nanoparticle content on the mechanical performances (static/dynamic) of the NBR was evaluated. It was found that higher modulus and reinforcement indices was obtained at 3 and 5 wt% of nanoparticles. Moreover, these composites had extremely low rolling resistance, the best wet skid resistance and the lowest Heat-Build up.
The prevention of home-cage grid climbing affects muscle strength in mice
Authors: Ueno Hiroshi , Takahashi Yu , Murakami Shinji , Wani Kenta , Miyazaki Tetsuji , Matsumoto Yosuke , Okamoto Motoi , Ishihara Takeshi
Published: September 2022

Experimenters and treatment methods are the major contributors to data variability in behavioral neuroscience. However, home cage characteristics are likely associated with data variability. Mice housed in breeding cages spontaneously exhibit behavioral patterns such as biting into the wire grid and climbing on the grid lid. We aimed to clarify the effect of covering the stainless steel wire grid lid in commonly used home cage with Plexiglas to prevent climbing on muscle strength in mice. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of climbing prevention on activity and anxiety-like behavior, and the impact of climbing prevention during the postnatal development period and adulthood on muscle strength. Muscle strength, anxiety-like behavior, and locomotor activity were assessed by a battery of tests (wire hang, suspension, grip strength, rotarod, elevated-plus maze, and open field tests). Mice prevented from climbing the wire grid during postnatal development displayed lower muscle strength than those able to climb. Moreover, mice prevented from climbing for 3 weeks following maturity had weakened muscles. The muscle strength was decreased with 3 weeks of climbing prevention in even 1-year-old mice. In summary, the stainless steel wire grid in the home cage contributed to the development and maintenance of muscle strength in mice.
The effect of maternal anaemia on low birth weight among newborns in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Engidaw Melaku Tadege , Eyayu Tahir , Tiruneh Tegenaw
Published: September 2022

Low birth weight is an indicator of maternal-related multifactorial problems such as malnutrition, illness, and work overload. As a result, low birth weight is associated with maternal anaemia, and both of them were significant public health issues in developing nations. Low birth weight and anaemia are caused by insufficient nutrient intake, which is especially severe during pregnancy. So, this study aimed to assess the effect of maternal anaemia during the late trimester on low birth weight among newborns in Northwest Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 211 participants for the primary data collection. Face-to-face interviews were used to collect data, while blood samples were collected using standard operating procedures. For further analysis, the data file was imported into Stata version 16 (MP) software. The binary logistic regression model was used to investigate significant factors related to low birth weight. Finally, the statistical significance of the variables was determined using a p value of ≤ 0.05. The prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in the late trimester and newborns was 34 (16.11%, 95% CI: 11.42, 21.78) and 64 (30.33%, 95% CI: 24.20, 37.01), respectively. The mean ± standard deviation of the newborn babies' weight was 3.19 ± 0.49 kg. The proportion of low birth weight among newborns was 26 (12.32%, 95% CI: 8.20, 17.53%). The independent effect of anaemia on low birth weight was 4.19 times while all other factors were constant (COR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.70, 10.30). Maternal educational status [unable to read and write (AOR = 10.94, 95% CI: 1.74, 68.58) and attained secondary education (AOR = 8.06, 95% CI: 1.53, 42.36)], and maternal anaemia (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI: 1.29, 9.55) were associated with low birth weight after adjusting with all other variables. In this study, the proportion of low birth weight was high. Here, maternal anaemia alone had a significant independent role in the development of low birth weight. Maternal education status and anaemic conditions were associated with low birth weight among newborns. Early detection and treatment of maternal anaemia during pregnancy is crucial with the usual nutritional-related care.
Topical nitroglycerin to detect reversible microcirculatory dysfunction in patients with circulatory shock after cardiovascular surgery: an observational study
Authors: Greenwood John C. , Talebi Fatima M. , Jang David H. , Spelde Audrey E. , Tonna Joseph E. , Gutsche Jacob T. , Horak Jiri , Acker Michael A. , Kilbaugh Todd J. , Shofer Frances S. , Augoustides John G. T. , Bakker Jan , Brenner Jacob S. , Muzykantov Vladimir R. , Abella Benjamin S.
Published: September 2022

Persistent abnormalities in microcirculatory function are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with circulatory shock. We sought to identify patients with acutely reversible microcirculatory dysfunction using a low-dose topical nitroglycerin solution and handheld videomicroscopy during circulatory shock after cardiac surgery. Forty subjects were enrolled for the study, including 20 preoperative control and 20 post-operative patients with shock. To test whether microcirculatory dysfunction is acutely reversible during shock, the sublingual microcirculation was imaged with incident dark field microscopy before and after the application of 0.1 mL of a 1% nitroglycerin solution (1 mg/mL). Compared to the control group, patients with shock had a higher microcirculation heterogeneity index (MHI 0.33 vs. 0.12, p < 0.001) and a lower microvascular flow index (MFI 2.57 vs. 2.91, p < 0.001), total vessel density (TVD 22.47 vs. 25.90 mm/mm2, p = 0.005), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV 90.76 vs. 95.89%, p < 0.001) and perfused vessel density (PVD 20.44 vs. 24.81 mm/mm2, p < 0.001). After the nitroglycerin challenge, patients with shock had an increase in MFI (2.57 vs. 2.97, p < 0.001), TVD (22.47 vs. 27.51 mm/mm2, p < 0.009), PPV (90.76 vs. 95.91%, p < 0.001), PVD (20.44 vs. 26.41 mm/mm2, p < 0.001), venular RBC velocity (402.2 vs. 693.9 µm/s, p < 0.0004), and a decrease in MHI (0.33 vs. 0.04, p < 0.001. Thirteen of 20 patients showed a pharmacodynamic response, defined as an increase in PVD > 1.8 SD from shock baseline. Hemodynamics and vasoactive doses did not change during the 30-min study period. Our findings suggest a topical nitroglycerin challenge with handheld videomicroscopy can safely assess for localized recruitment of the microcirculatory blood flow in patients with circulatory shock and may be a useful test to identify nitroglycerin responsiveness.
Efficient biodegradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate by a novel strain Nocardia asteroides LMB-7 isolated from electronic waste soil
Authors: Chang Tian-Tian , Lin Zhi-Wei , Zhang Liu-Qing , Liu Wei-Bing , Zhou Ying , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: September 2022

The di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) degrading strain LMB-7 was isolated from electronic waste soil. According to its biophysical/biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis, the strain was identified as Nocardia asteroides. Optimal pH and temperature for DEHP degradation were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively, and DEHP removal reached 97.11% after cultivation for 24 h at an initial concentration of 400 mg/L. As degradation intermediates, di-butyl phthalates, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate and 2-ethylhexanol could be identified, and it could be confirmed that DEHP was completely degraded by strain LMB-7. To our knowledge, this is a new report of DEHP degradation by a strain of Nocardia asteroides, at rates higher than those reported to date. This finding provides a new way for DEHP elimination from environment.
Greenhouse warming and anthropogenic aerosols synergistically reduce springtime rainfall in low-latitude East Asia
Authors: Ryu Young-Hee , Min Seung-Ki
Published: September 2022

Low-latitude East Asia, particularly southern China, has experienced a markedly decreasing springtime rainfall in recent years whereas rainfall trends are weak in mid-latitude East Asia. Details of human influences on this contrasting feature remain uncertain. This study provides a quantification of the relative roles of greenhouse warming and aerosols in the observed spring rainfall trends over East Asia using a state-of-the-art numerical model. Greenhouse warming drives more rapid temperature increases over high-latitude East Asia potentially associated with reduced spring snow than the western North Pacific, which induces an anomalous anticyclone over the East China Sea. This circulation change results in a northwestward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high, reducing rainfall at low latitudes while moderately increasing rainfall at mid-latitudes. In contrast, anthropogenic aerosols reduce rainfall in both low- and mid-latitude East Asia. Hence, the two anthropogenic factors synergistically reduce rainfall at low latitudes, with a stronger contribution of greenhouse warming (~34%) than aerosols (~17%). In mid-latitude East Asia, their contributions are offset, resulting in weak rainfall trends. Further, the anthropogenic influences are found to be relatively larger under drier conditions, suggesting that a more severe drought can occur in low-latitude East Asia under future drought-conducive conditions.
GAGE is a method for identification of plant species based on whole genome analysis and genome editing
Authors: Hao Lijun , Xu Wenjie , Qi Guihong , Xin Tianyi , Xu Zhichao , Lei Hetian , Song Jingyuan
Published: September 2022

Whole genomes of plants should be ideal databases for their species identification, but unfortunately there was no such method before this exploration. Here we report a plant species identification method based on the whole Genome Analysis and Genome Editing (GAGE). GAGE searches for target sequences from the whole genome of the subject plant and specifically detects them by employing a CRISPR/Cas12a system. Similar to how Mendel chose Pisum sativum (pea), we selected Crocus sativus (saffron) to establish GAGE, in which we constructed a library containing all candidate target sequences. Taking a target sequence in the ITS2 region as an example, we confirmed the feasibility, specificity, and sensitivity of GAGE. Consequently, we succeeded in not only using GAGE to identify Cr. sativus and its adulterants, but also executing GAGE in the plants from different classes including angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns, and lycophytes. This sensitive and rapid method is the first plant species identification method based on the whole genome and provides new insights into the application of the whole genome in species identification.
Housing-temperature reveals energy intake counter-balances energy expenditure in normal-weight, but not diet-induced obese, male mice
Authors: John Linu Mary , Petersen Natalia , Gerstenberg Marina Kjærgaard , Torz Lola , Pedersen Kent , Christoffersen Berit Østergaard , Kuhre Rune Ehrenreich
Published: September 2022

Most metabolic studies on mice are performed at room temperature, although under these conditions mice, unlike humans, spend considerable energy to maintain core temperature. Here, we characterize the impact of housing temperature on energy expenditure (EE), energy homeostasis and plasma concentrations of appetite- and glucoregulatory hormones in normal-weight and diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL/6J mice fed chow or 45% high-fat-diet, respectively. Mice were housed for 33 days at 22, 25, 27.5, and 30 °C in an indirect-calorimetry-system. We show that energy expenditure increases linearly from 30 °C towards 22 °C and is ~30% higher at 22 °C in both mouse models. In normal-weight mice, food intake counter-balances EE. In contrast, DIO mice do not reduce food intake when EE is lowered. By end of study, mice at 30 °C, therefore, had higher body weight, fat mass and plasma glycerol and triglycerides than mice at 22 °C. Dysregulated counterbalancing in DIO mice may result from increased pleasure-based eating.
Reconstitution of monoterpene indole alkaloid biosynthesis in genome engineered Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Dudley Quentin M. , Jo Seohyun , Guerrero Delia Ayled Serna , Chhetry Monika , Smedley Mark A. , Harwood Wendy A. , Sherden Nathaniel H. , O’Connor Sarah E. , Caputi Lorenzo , Patron Nicola J.
Published: September 2022

Monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a diverse class of plant natural products that include a number of medicinally important compounds. We set out to reconstitute the pathway for strictosidine, a key intermediate of all MIAs, from central metabolism in Nicotiana benthamiana. A disadvantage of this host is that its rich background metabolism results in the derivatization of some heterologously produced molecules. Here we use transcriptomic analysis to identify glycosyltransferases that are upregulated in response to biosynthetic intermediates and produce plant lines with targeted mutations in the genes encoding them. Expression of the early MIA pathway in these lines produces a more favorable product profile. Strictosidine biosynthesis was successfully reconstituted, with the best yields obtained by the co-expression of 14 enzymes, of which a major latex protein-like enzyme (MLPL) from Nepeta (catmint) is critical for improving flux through the iridoid pathway. The removal of endogenous glycosyltransferases does not impact the yields of strictosidine, highlighting that the metabolic flux of the pathway enzymes to a stable biosynthetic intermediate minimizes the need to engineer the endogenous metabolism of the host. The production of strictosidine in planta expands the range of MIA products amenable to biological synthesis.
Cystathionine β-synthase as novel endogenous regulator of lymphangiogenesis via modulating VEGF receptor 2 and 3
Authors: Hatami Niloofar , Büttner Christian , Bock Felix , Simfors Sara , Musial Gwen , Reis André , Cursiefen Claus , Clahsen Thomas
Published: September 2022

Lymphangiogenesis is a key player in several diseases such as tumor metastasis, obesity, and graft rejection. Endogenous regulation of lymphangiogenesis is only partly understood. Here we use the normally avascular cornea as a model to identify endogenous regulators of lymphangiogenesis. Quantitative trait locus analysis of a large low-lymphangiogenic BALB/cN x high-lymphangiogenic C57BL/6 N intercross and prioritization by whole-transcriptome sequencing identify a novel gene responsible for differences in lymphatic vessel architecture on chromosome 17, thecystathionine β-synthase (Cbs). Inhibition of CBS in lymphatic endothelial cells results in reduce proliferation, migration, altered tube-formation, and decrease expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) and VEGF-R3, but not their ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Also in vivo inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis is significantly reduce in C57BL/6 N mice after pharmacological inhibition of CBS. The results confirm CBS as a novel endogenous regulator of lymphangiogenesis acting via VEGF receptor 2 and 3-regulation and open new treatment avenues in diseases associated with pathologic lymphangiogenesis.
Low-dose radiation exaggerates HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction by gut microbiota through PA-PYCR1 axis
Authors: Ju Zhao , Guo Peiyu , Xiang Jing , Lei Ridan , Ren Guofeng , Zhou Meiling , Yang Xiandan , Zhou Pingkun , Huang Ruixue
Published: September 2022

Co-exposure of High-fat-diet (HFD) behavior and environmental low-dose radiation (LDR) is common among majority occupational workers, but the synergism of this co-exposure in metabolic health is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on the regulation of HFD accompanied by LDR-associated with metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. Here, we reported that Parasutterella was markedly elevated in the gut microbiota of mice in co-exposure of HFD and LDR, accompanied by increased pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid (PA) level in both intestine and plasma. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from mice with co-exposure HFD and LDR with metabolic dysfunction resulted in increased disruption of metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance and increased PYCR1 (Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1) expression. Mechanistically, intestinal barrier was damaged more serious in mice with co-exposure of HFD and LDR, leading high PA level in plasma, activating PYCR1 expression to inhibit insulinAkt/mTOR(AKT kinase-transforming protein/Serine threonine-protein kinase) signaling pathway to aggravate HFD-induced metabolic impairments. This study suggests a new avenue for interventions against western diet companied with low dose radiation exposure-driven metabolic impairments.
A review of arsenic mitigation strategies in community water supplies with insights from South Asia: options, opportunities and constraints
Authors: Bhowmik Tridip , Sarkar Soumyajit , Bhattacharya Animesh , Mukherjee Abhijit
Published: September 2022

A critical review of arsenic mitigation strategies, including technologies, practices, opportunities, and challenges, to bridge the knowledge gap between academic research and field applications.
Magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregate based on ionic liquid modification as a novel immobilized biocatalyst for phytosterol esterification
Authors: Bin Zou , Ting Feng , Yan Yan , Feng Liu , Adesanya Idowu Onyinye , Hongbo Suo
Published: September 2022

Novel immobilized enzyme CRL-FIL-CLEAs@Fe3O4 with enhanced activities and stabilities was successfully prepared by a cross-linked lipase aggregate method for phytosterol esterification.
MoS2-catalyzed selective electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes in an aqueous environment
Authors: Huang Shuquan , Jin Yangxin , Zhang Man , Yan Kai , Feng Shien-Ping , Lam Jason Chun-Ho
Published: September 2022

The development of an active Earth-abundant metal electrocatalyst for biomass-derived organic materials valorization can greatly benefit the growth of a sustainable biorefinery.
Metabolite variations in the sera of HIV+ patients after an oral administration of effervescent glutamine and in comparison to non-HIV individuals by NMR
Authors: Martins Lucas Gelain , Fregonesi Natália , Bazotte Roberto Barbosa , Visentainer Jeane Eliete Laguila , Tasic Ljubica
Published: September 2022

It was demonstrated that effervescent glutamine supplementation in HIV+ individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) increased CD4+ T lymphocytes, decreased inflammation biomarkers, and brought health benefits.
Synthesis of semicoke-based geopolymers as delivery vehicles for slow release of herbicides
Authors: Chen Hongxia , Yan Haiyan , Cao Peiyu , He Yufeng , Song Pengfei , Wang Rongmin
Published: September 2022

A novel carrier of semicoke-based geopolymer was prepared and applied for site-specific targeted release and recycling of herbicides.
Embedding an extraordinary amount of gemifloxacin antibiotic in ZIF-8 framework with one-step synthesis and measurement of its H2O2-sensitive release and potency against infectious bacteria
Authors: Soltani Sajjad , Akhbari Kamran
Published: September 2022

GEM@ZIF-8 has DLC = 69.82% and DLE = 89.03%, with controlled release dependent on H2O2 concentration, and it shows significant antibacterial activity.
Uniform soluble support for the large-scale synthesis of sequence-defined macromolecules
Authors: De Franceschi Irene , Mertens Chiel , Badi Nezha , Du Prez Filip
Published: September 2022

A monodisperse soluble support is used as an effective tool for the large-scale, liquid-phase synthesis of sequence-defined macromolecules. This uniform support allows for direct characterisation and leads to a single peak in mass spectrometry.
Ultra-sensitive luminescence thermometry based on MgNb2O6:Dy3+/Pr3+ thermochromic phosphors
Authors: Zhong Lei , Jiang Sha , Wang Xihui , Wang Yutong , Xie Jialiang , Li Yanru , Huang Binyao , Wang Yongjie , Xiang Guotao , Li Li , Zhou Xianju , Yin Min
Published: September 2022

A novel ultra-sensitive ratiometric luminescence thermometry strategy combining the redshift of the charge transfer band with dramatic quenching of the intervalent charge transition in MgNb2O6:Dy3+/Pr3+ thermochromic phosphors.
CRISPR/Cas9-based coronal nanostructures for targeted mitochondria single molecule imaging
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Na Na , Ouyang Jin
Published: September 2022

Protein delivery nano-corona (PDNC) was constructed to spatially selectively image mitomiRs, switched on by CRISPR system. High-sensitivity strategy with single-molecule imaging technique can be applied to cell identification and early diagnosis.
Long-life superlithiation of few-layered covalent organic nanosheets via graphene quantum dots/carbon nanotube stabilized three-dimensional architecture
Authors: Chen Xiudong , Ci Chenggang , Sun Weiwei , Chen Shuangqiang , Liu Hao , Wang Yong
Published: September 2022

The graphene quantum dots/CNT stabilized few-layered hyper-conjugated covalent organic nanosheet is synthesized and exhibits excellent electrochemical performance for lithium-organic batteries.
Black phosphorus-based nanohybrids for energy storage, catalysis, sensors, electronic/photonic devices, and tribological applications
Authors: Fan Shuangqing , Li Jing , Cao Hao-Qiang , Liu Xuhai , Cao Minghui , Liu Tong , Xu Ting , Su Jie
Published: September 2022

In this review, we summarize several important BP-based nanohybrids and the majority of the reported synthetic routes, properties as well as applications of the nanohybrids.
Rational design of coral ball-like MoS2/N-doped carbon nanohybrids via atomic interface engineering for effective sodium/potassium storage
Authors: Sun Junwei , Jiao Shilong , Jing Laiying , Lian Gang , Cui Deliang , Wang Qilong
Published: September 2022

Coral ball-like MoS2/N–C nanohybrids were designed and prepared purposely by a wet-chemistry approach with subsequent annealing as superior electrode materials for SIBs and PIBs.
A generic intelligent routing method using deep reinforcement learning with graph neural networks
Authors: Huang Wanwei , Yuan Bo , Wang Sunan , Zhang Jianwei , Li Junfei , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: September 2022

Routing optimization is a well‐known and established topic with the fundamental goal of operating networks efficiently. Traditional optimization heuristics may suffer from performance penalty as it mismatches actual traffic, while artificial intelligence (AI) which has undergone a renaissance recently is gradually being applied to the network optimization and has shown excellent advantages. Especially deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is investigated as a key technology for routing optimization with the goal of enabling networks self‐driving. Therefore, we contributed in this paper a novel approach for practical intelligent routing method using DRL with GNN, which could be easily implemented as a northbound application on the SDN controller. Our method can not only output continuous control actions for routing optimization but also learn from some networks and generalize to other unseen ones. In order to emphasize the generalization and practicality of the intelligent routing method, we deploy it in a real SDN network for experimentation rather than simulation. The results show that the method can keep on optimizing the routing of traffic in other networks of different topologies after the training is stable. And compared with hop‐based OSPF, the optimal load‐balancing algorithm and the recent intelligent routing DROM, it reduces network delay by 16.1%, 19.6% and 14.3%, respectively, but at the expense of flow‐table space within the acceptable range.
Collaborative 3D face alignment and head pose estimation with frontal face constraint based on RGB and sparse depth
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yu Huimin
Published: September 2022

A collaborative multi‐task learning framework is proposed for integrating 3D face alignment and head pose estimation using RGB and sparse depth with a frontal face constraint. Most previous works involve using dense depth images to exploit spatial information, but the acquisition of high‐resolution dense depth images is not always available due to the limitation of the image capture device. Besides, the existing multi‐task learning methods have the problem of insufficient learning since they have not bridged the semantic gap between both tasks. In this letter, integrating 3D face alignment and head pose estimation into a collaborative multi‐task learning framework is proposed, which is supervised by a frontal face constraint. In addition, sparse depth is incorporated into the network to provide additional facial geometrical information. A UV position map is generated to conduct face alignment, and a head pose vector is output to predict the head orientation. The performance on AFLW2000‐3D dataset is evaluated, and the minimum quantization errors are achieved for both tasks when compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed method.
STLRF‐Stack: A fault prediction model for pure electric vehicles based on a high dimensional imbalanced dataset
Authors: Tian Sheng , Li Jia , Zhang Jinming , Li Chengwei
Published: September 2022

Fault prediction is an important part of the safe operation and maintenance of pure electric vehicles, and it is crucial to predict faults efficiently and accurately. To address the problems that the pure electric vehicle fault prediction model has less than ideal prediction effect and classification bias to most classes due to unbalanced data set categories and high dimensionality of features, this paper firstly obtains a low dimensional balanced dataset based on hybrid sampling and joint feature selection. Then the classification ability of the model is improved through ensemble learning. Finally, a new hybrid model STLRF‐Stack is proposed to realize efficient fault prediction of pure electric vehicles. This paper is validated on a real operating dataset of pure electric vehicles. The experimental results show that the prediction effect of the hybrid model proposed in this paper is better than that of the single model and related literature. In addition, this model can successfully predict the fault 5 min before the actual fault of electric vehicles occurs, which provides the drivers with the opportunity of accident prevention and early treatment. Therefore, the model has specific feasibility and practical application value.
A slotline‐fed wideband dipole with filtering gain response
Authors: Yang Guo , Li Mengjie , Xiang Lei , Xiao Ruqi , Qian Yuwen , Qi Shishan , Wu Wen
Published: September 2022

A slotline‐fed wideband filtering dipole with tuneable radiation nulls is presented in this paper. The proposed wideband filtering dipole is fed by the microstrip–slotline cross‐junction. On account of the open‐circuit fed‐transmission‐line structure (OFTL) loaded on the extending line of microstrip–slotline cross‐junction, the wideband dipole generates two radiation nulls distributed at the lower and upper fringe of the operating band. The OFTL structure not only bring the filtering response but also can move the two radiation nulls simultaneously and keep the in‐band radiation performance unchanged. To validate the proposed approach, the wideband filtering dipole is fabricated, and the measured results are consistent with simulated results. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 22.4% (3.49–4.37 GHz), and the gain within passband is about 2.7 dBi. Moreover, the out‐of‐band radiation suppression levels are more than 20 and 10 dB within lower stopband (2.21–2.88 GHz) and upper stopband (4.92–5.78 GHz), respectively.
Height information aided 3D real‐time large‐scale underground user positioning
Authors: Tang Chengkai , Zhang Cunle , Zhang Lingling , Zhang Yi , Song Houbing
Published: September 2022

Due to the cost of inertial navigation and visual navigation equipment and lake of satellite navigation signals, they cannot be used in large‐scale underground mining environment. To solve this problem, this study proposes a large‐scale underground 3D real‐time positioning method with seam height assistance. This method uses the ultra wide band positioning base station as the core and is combined with seam height information to build a factor graph confidence transfer model to realise 3D positioning. The simulation results show that the proposed real‐time method is superior to the existing algorithms in positioning accuracy and can meet the needs of large‐scale underground users.
Analysis of yellowing phenomenon caused by electrical and thermal degradation in the interface of cross‐linked polyethylene cable joints
Authors: Yoon Sungho , Son Hyeongwook , Ko Hyeongsang , Kim Jeongtae
Published: September 2022

Yellowing phenomena have been frequently observed at the interface between the cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation and the semiconducting rubber in the joint when a failure occurs at the end bushing in gas (EBG) of the XLPE transmission cable joint. It is known that lubricants deteriorate thermally and electrically, which is related to connection material failure. In this study, in order to analyse the cause of the yellowing phenomenon in the XLPE cable termination, modelled experiments including liquid silicone rubber (LSR) semiconducting rubber and ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) semiconducting rubber were carried out with the long‐term electrical and thermal deterioration, and the degree of deterioration was investigated through chemical analysis and visual inspection. As a result, it was found out that the yellowing phenomenon of the lubricant at the joint interface was caused by partial discharges deterioration and was accelerated by thermal deterioration. Also, it is shown that LSR absorbs lubricant, whereas EPDM does not absorb lubricant but extracts surfer compound, which directly affects yellowing and solidification of lubricant. In addition, it is revealed that the micro‐bubbles produced in the lubricant may provide a fundamental cause of partial discharges, which results in the yellowing phenomena.
Extended radio halo of the supernova remnant CTB87 (G74.9+1.2)
Authors: Reich Wolfgang , Reich Patricia , Kothes Roland
Published: September 2022

Context. Breaks in the radio spectra of supernova remnants (SNRs) reflect the maximum energy of either shock-accelerated electrons or – in the case of pulsar wind nebulae – of electrons injected by the central pulsar. Otherwise, the break may result from energy losses due to synchrotron ageing or it is caused by energy-dependent diffusion. A spectral steepening of the plerionic SNR CTB87 at around 11 GHz was observed in the 1980s, but a recent analysis of CTB87’s energetic properties based on new radio data raised doubt on it. CTB87 consists of a central compact component surrounded by a diffuse, centrally peaked, almost circular halo. Missing faint halo emission due to insufficient sensitivity of early high-frequency observations may be the reason for the reported spectral break.

Aims. We intend to clarify the high-frequency spectrum of CTB87 by new sensitive observations.

Methods. We used the broad-band λ2 cm receiver at the Effelsberg 100-m telescope for sensitive continuum observations of CTB87 and its halo in two frequency bands.

Results. The new λ2 cm maps of CTB87 show halo emission with a diameter of about 17′ or 30 pc for a distance of 6.1 kpc in agreement with lower-frequency data. The measured flux densities are significantly higher than those reported earlier.

Conclusions. The new λ2 cm data establish the high-frequency continuation of CTB87’s low-frequency spectrum. Any significant high-frequency spectral bend or break is constrained to frequencies well above about 18 GHz. The extended halo of CTB87 has a faint counterpart in γ rays (VER J2016+37) and thus indicates a common origin of the emitting electrons.
Analysis of an HDG method for the Navier–Stokes equations with Dirac measures
Authors: Leng Haitao
Published: September 2022

In two dimensions, we analyze a hybridized discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method for the Navier–Stokes equations with Dirac measures. The approximate velocity field obtained by the HDG method is shown to be pointwise divergence-free and H(div)-conforming. Under a smallness assumption on the continuous and discrete solutions, a posteriori error estimator, that provides an upper bound for the L2-norm in the velocity, is proposed in the convex domain. In the polygonal domain, reliable and efficient a posteriori error estimator for the W1,q-seminorm in the velocity and Lq-norm in the pressure is also proved. Finally, a Banach’s fixed point iteration method and an adaptive HDG algorithm are introduced to solve the discrete system and show the performance of the obtained a posteriori error estimators.
Erfahrungen und Resilienz von Mitgliedern des Hygieneteams
während der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie
Authors: Schulz-Stübner Sebastian , Hauer Thomas , Nopper Katharina
Published: September 2022

Hintergrund Die SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie hat Mitarbeitende im Gesundheitswesen
vor vielfältige Herausforderungen gestellt: Dies betrifft sowohl
inhaltlich-praktische Aspekte, als auch psychologische Fragen bei der
Verarbeitung des Geschehens. Fragestellung und Ziele: Zielsetzung der
vorliegenden Arbeit war die Evaluation der Erfahrungen der Mitglieder der
Hygieneteams während der Pandemie und die Analyse der
Selbsteinschätzung der eigenen Situation zur Ermittlung von
möglichen Resilienzfaktoren.

Material und Methoden Während des Freiburger Infektiologie- und
Hygienekongresses 2021, der unter Coronamaßnahmen in Präsenz
stattfand, wurde eine Fragebogenaktion durchgeführt. Die deskriptive
Auswertung erfolgte mittels Excel. Zur Prüfung auf statistische
Signifikanz mit einem p<0,05 wurde der Chi-Quadrat-Test (SPSS Statistic
Standard-Version) verwendet.

Ergebnisse 391 Fragebögen von 750 verteilten Bögen konnten
ausgewertet werden. 48% des Gesamtkollektivs waren
Hygienefachkräfte, 12% Hygienebeauftragte in der Pflege (sog.
Link Nurses), 12% Medizin-/Krankenhaushygieniker, 17%
hygienebeauftragte Ärzte, 1% Betriebsärzte oder
Ärzte im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst und 10% fielen
unter verschiedene Bereiche des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens,
edukative Einrichtungen und Industrie (Sonstige). 72% der Befragten
waren weiblich, 25,3% männlich, 0,2% divers und
2,5% machten keine Angaben. Weiter ausgewertet wurden die 349
Fragebögen der Mitglieder des Hygieneteams im engeren Sinne
(Hygienefachkräfte, Hygienebeauftragte in der Pflege,
Krankenhaushygieniker und hygienebeauftragte Ärzte). Die Befragten gaben
ein hohes Selbstgefühl der Fachkompetenz, Wichtigkeit ihrer
Tätigkeit und Wertschätzung an und ein niedriges Maß an
Ängsten oder Hoffnungslosigkeit. Gut ein Viertel der Befragten
berichtete über Ärger und Frustration ohne
Beeinträchtigung der Motivation. Hauptinformationsquelle war das Robert
Koch-Institut (RKI). Soziale Medien wurden überwiegend schlecht
beurteilt. Die innerbetriebliche Zusammenarbeit und die Kooperation mit den
Gesundheitsämtern wurden mehrheitlich als gut bewertet.

Schlussfolgerung Unsere Befragung zeigt ein hohes Maß an Resilienz
der Hygieneteams in der Pandemie trotz offensichtlicher Probleme bei Material,
Logistik und Personal, wobei selbst empfundene Fachkompetenz und die
entgegengebrachte Wertschätzung als wesentliche protektive Faktoren
angesehen werden können. Die aus den Erfahrungen abgeleiteten
Verbesserungsvorschläge hinsichtlich Infrastruktur, Kommunikation und
Planung für zukünftige Ereignisse sollten beachtet und umgesetzt
werden und dürfen auch nach Übergang der Pandemie in eine
endemische Phase mit normalisierter Versorgungsstruktur nicht wieder in
Vergessenheit geraten. Damit kann nicht nur die Resilienz der Hygieneteams
erhalten werden, sondern auch eine Stärkung des Gesamtsystems erreicht
werden.
Vernix caseosa
Authors: Paling Petra , Koch Ulrich
Published: September 2022

Vernix caseosa, die Haut Neugeborener bedeckende Käseschmiere, ist ein
vergleichsweise neues homöopathisches Arzneimittel, zu dem v. a.
inzwischen viele Verlaufsbeobachtungen vorliegen. Hierbei bestätigt sich
die sich aus der Signatur ergebende Annahme, dass das zentrale Thema das
Gefühl der Schutzlosigkeit, Durchlässigkeit und eine dadurch
entstehende Überreizung darstellt. Neben einer Übersicht
über die bislang zu Vernix caseosa verfügbare Literatur werden
dazu Kasuistiken vorgestellt.
Guarea trichiloides – ich stecke fest in einem fortdauernden
Kampf um Würde und Recht
Authors: Kellinghaus Heinz
Published: September 2022

Es wird der Fall eines 62-jährigen Mannes beschrieben, der aus
politischen Gründen in seiner Jugend aus dem Iran fliehen musste. Mit
hohem moralischem Anspruch an sich und alle Menschen kämpft er
unnachgiebig gegen das Unrecht in der Welt und um seine Würde. Der
Druck, den er sich dabei macht, und sein Ehrgeiz engen ihn ein und
führen zu körperlichen Beschwerden. Staphysagria und Anacardium
liegen nahe, zeigen aber keine Wirkung. Guarea trichiloides (Guare.) erweist
sich als das Simile. Die Darstellungen von Guare. durch J. Scholten und M. Yakir
ergänzen sich gut hinsichtlich des Verständnisses für
diesen Patienten.
Assessment of Dyslipidemia, Lipid Ratios, and Atherogenic Indices as Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Prediabetic and Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Rathi Himani , Kumar Raman , Goyal Bela , Kant Ravi , Mirza Anissa Atif , Rana Satyavati , Naithani Manisha
Published: September 2022

Background Uttarakhand is a small state in northern India that comprises mixed population with people dwelling in both hilly and plain areas. Globally, diabetes mellitus (DM) has already been considered to be a pandemic. Furthermore, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) significantly increase mortality and morbidity in patients suffering from DM. Additionally, dyslipidemia has been identified as an important marker in the development of atherosclerosis and ultimately CVD in patients of prediabetes and diabetes. Thus, the identification of subjects with dyslipidemia in prediabetes might be fruitful in lowering their progression to diabetes and ultimately in decreasing incidences of CVD. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess dyslipidemia via the calculation of atherogenic indices (AI) and lipid ratios in prediabetic and diabetic groups attending tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand.

Materials and Methods This study reviewed retrospective biochemical data of 500 study subjects from e-hospital software of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh. All study subjects were divided into three groups: 122 controls, 137 prediabetics, and 241 diabetics based on the American Diabetes Association criteria. Study subjects were evaluated for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, and AI (total cholesterol [TC]/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDLc], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDLc]/HDLc, TC-HDLc/HDLc, triglycerides [TG]/HDLc).

Results Results showed that TC, TG, LDLc, and AI were significantly higher, and HDLc was significantly decreased in prediabetic and diabetic groups compared with controls. Furthermore, HbA1c showed significant positive correlation with lipid profile and AI except atherogenic coefficient (TC-HDL/HDL).

Conclusion In conclusion, the current study showed the presence of dyslipidemia in both prediabetic and diabetic groups underlining their importance for screening at the prediabetic stage. Hence, we also recommend screening of the prediabetic group for dyslipidemia to arrest the development of early cardiovascular complications.
18F-FDG Whole-Body PET-MR in Primary Hepatic Lymphoma Mimicking Focal Nodular Hyperplasia
Authors: Basheer Shyma , Kumar Gauthaman Dinesh , Subramanyam Padma , Palaniswamy Shanmuga Sundaram
Published: September 2022

Primary hepatic lymphomas are rare hepatic malignancies which are often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Early accurate diagnosis is essential as the patients can be treated successfully with chemotherapy, eluding the need for surgery. We present a case of primary hepatic lymphoma which mimicked as focal nodular hyperplasia with normal biochemical tumor markers, and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) whole-body positron emission magnetic resonance showed intense FDG uptake in the large hepatic lesion. The patient subsequently underwent right hepatectomy, and histopathology revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
Atypical Muscular Sarcoidosis Involvement Revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Lucinian Yousif A. , Martineau Patrick , Pelletier-Galarneau Matthieu
Published: September 2022

We present the case of a 65-year-old woman with known pulmonary and muscular sarcoidosis who presented with dyspnea. FDG-PET/CT revealed unsuspected active myositis of multiple muscle groups, including the neck, and was useful in monitoring treatment response.