bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design, Manufacturing, and Control of a Pneumatic-Driven Passive Robotic Gait Training System for Muscle-Weakness in a Lower Limb
Authors: Li I-Hsum , Lin Yi-Shan , Lee Lian-Wang , Lin Wei-Ting
Published: October 2021

We designed and manufactured a pneumatic-driven robotic passive gait training system (PRPGTS), providing the functions of body-weight support, postural support, and gait orthosis for patients who suffer from weakened lower limbs. The PRPGTS was designed as a soft-joint gait training rehabilitation system. The soft joints provide passive safety for patients. The PRPGTS features three subsystems: a pneumatic body weight support system, a pneumatic postural support system, and a pneumatic gait orthosis system. The dynamic behavior of these three subsystems are all involved in the PRPGTS, causing an extremely complicated dynamic behavior; therefore, this paper applies five individual interval type-2 fuzzy sliding controllers (IT2FSC) to compensate for the system uncertainties and disturbances in the PRGTS. The IT2FSCs can provide accurate and correct positional trajectories under passive safety protection. The feasibility of weight reduction and gait training with the PRPGTS using the IT2FSCs is demonstrated with a healthy person, and the experimental results show that the PRPGTS is stable and provides a high-trajectory tracking performance.
Noise Improvement of a-Si Microbolometers by the Post-Metal Annealing Process
Authors: Oh Jaesub , Song Hyeong-sub , Park Jongcheol , Lee Jong-Kwon
Published: October 2021

To realize high-resolution thermal images with high quality, it is essential to improve the noise characteristics of the widely adopted uncooled microbolometers. In this work, we applied the post-metal annealing (PMA) process under the condition of deuterium forming gas, at 10 atm and 300 °C for 30 min, to reduce the noise level of amorphous-Si microbolometers. Here, the DC and temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) measurements of the devices as well as 1/f noise analysis were performed before and after the PMA treatment, while changing the width of the resistance layer of the microbolometers with 35 μm or 12 μm pixel. As a result, the microbolometers treated by the PMA process show the decrease in resistance by about 60% and the increase in TCR value up to 48.2% at 10 Hz, as compared to the reference device. Moreover, it is observed that the noise characteristics are improved in inverse proportion to the width of the resistance layer. This improvement is attributed to the cured poly-silicon grain boundary through the hydrogen passivation by heat and deuterium atoms applied during the PMA, which leads to the uniform current path inside the pixel.
Toward Capturing Scientific Evidence in Elderly Care: Efficient Extraction of Changing Facial Feature Points
Authors: Hirayama Kosuke , Chen Sinan , Saiki Sachio , Nakamura Masahide
Published: October 2021

To capture scientific evidence in elderly care, a user-defined facial expression sensing service was proposed in our previous study. Since the time-series data of feature values have been growing at a high rate as the measurement time increases, it may be difficult to find points of interest, especially for detecting changes from the elderly facial expression, such as many elderly people can only be shown in a micro facial expression due to facial wrinkles and aging. The purpose of this paper is to implement a method to efficiently find points of interest (PoI) from the facial feature time-series data of the elderly. In the proposed method, the concept of changing point detection into the analysis of feature values is incorporated by us, to automatically detect big fluctuations or changes in the trend in feature values and detect the moment when the subject’s facial expression changed significantly. Our key idea is to introduce the novel concept of composite feature value to achieve higher accuracy and apply change-point detection to it as well as to single feature values. Furthermore, the PoI finding results from the facial feature time-series data of young volunteers and the elderly are analyzed and evaluated. By the experiments, it is found that the proposed method is able to capture the moment of large facial movements even for people with micro facial expressions and obtain information that can be used as a clue to investigate their response to care.
Does Bed Sharing with an Infant Influence Parents’ Sexual Life? A Scoping Review in Western Countries
Authors: Vousoura Eleni , Ekizoglou Chryssa
Published: October 2021

Bed sharing—the sharing of a sleeping surface by parents and children—is a common, yet controversial, practice. While most research has focused on the public health aspect of this practice, much less is known regarding its effect on the marital relationship. The aim of the present study was to conduct a scoping review on the impact of parent–infant bed sharing sleeping practices on the sexual and marital relationship of couples. The qualitative synthesis of six studies on this topic suggests that overall, bed sharing does not exert a significant negative impact on family functioning; when it does, it appears to be related to incongruent parental beliefs and expectations, especially when bed sharing is not an intentional choice of sleep arrangement, and there are other confounding factors such as fatigue and psychological distress. Suggestions for future studies and clinical implications are discussed.
CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Governance in Affecting Australian Listed Construction and Property Firms’ Trading Activity
Authors: Hijjawi Mahmoud , Lee Chyi Lin , Marzuki Jufri
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to examine whether and to what extent overconfident CEOs affect Australian real estate investment trusts’ (A-REITs) property investment activities during their tenure as the CEO of A-REITs, covering the period 2000–2019. A-REITs’ property investment and disposal activities are separately modelled against CEOs shares in their companies (an indicator of CEO overconfidence), as well as other controlled variables. We found that around 68% of A-REIT CEOs are overconfident over the study period. However, our empirical results also indicated that CEO overconfidence did not have a profound impact on A-REITs’ investment activities, either property acquisitions or disposals. This could be explained by high corporate governance of A-REITs. Specifically, Australian construction and property companies are the leading market players in sustainability. As publicly quoted companies, listed property and construction companies, particularly A-REITs could be exposed to various managerial issues, including corporate CEO overconfidence and its influence on the investment decision-making process. However, this managerial issue could be minimized via an enhancement of corporate governance that is a key pillar of sustainability. The mitigation of corporate overconfidence and implementation of corporate governance mechanisms makes REITs more accountable to their investors. The implications of the findings have also been discussed.
Measuring Customer Reservation Price for Maintenance, Repair and Operations of the Metro Public Transport System in Qatar
Authors: Larumbe Jaime
Published: October 2021

Getting to know the price that users assign to maintenance, repair and operations (MRO) has arisen as an essential consideration in gathering financial sustainability for metro public transport systems. The current research reveals customer reservation price for MRO in the main metro stations in Qatar. The purpose of the present work is to assess the willingness to pay for MRO services in eight metro stations in Doha in order to have a better understanding of user preferences. Qualitative research was carried out employing primary and secondary source of information. Primary data was collected by means of a mixture of data accumulation approaches: key informant meetings and focus-group conversations. Secondary data was collected from the account books, contracts, recordings of trans-actions, statements of work and activity reports given by the local rail committees. A stated preference investigation was applied through open text format questions to more than 1000 customers, and a Poisson regression model was used to evaluate the considerations affecting every higher value. Outputs reveal normal customer reservation prices per month and per train journey. The results also indicate a significant willingness to pay differential among the studied railway stations. The study of the decisive considerations elicits that the degree to which the MRO service can exclude paying consumers, the attending of rail conferences and the possibility of using another rail station are related with the customer reservation price. The outputs of this research are significant for railway public authorities willing to set up reasonable, adequate and realistic fares that support fund competent railway systems in Qatar.
“White” Space and Organic Claims on Food Packaging: Communicating Sustainability Values and Affecting Young Adults’ Attitudes and Purchase Intentions
Authors: Margariti Kostoula
Published: October 2021

The development of organic food products has proliferated over the past few decades, alongside the use of “white” space on products’ packaging as an element that communicates quality and sustainability values. Despite a growing interest towards green products, sustainable business practices and aesthetics, there is not enough evidence on how specific design elements (i.e., “white” space) of organic food packaging could affect consumers’ brand perceptions, attitude towards the brand (Abr) and purchase intentions (PI). The present study seeks to unveil the role of “white” space as a packaging design element on the effectiveness of organic food products. Based on a content analysis of 406 international packaging designs it establishes the widespread coexistence of organic products with extended, in shades of gray “white” space. A between-subjects experiment with 305 young adults builds on the associations between “white” space and sustainability, and provides evidence on the proposed serial mediation model with perceived naturalness, quality and trustworthiness, and Abr as mediators in the relationship between organic food products and PI, especially when the packaging uses extended “white” space. Pertinent managerial implications with respect to effective packaging design that promotes sustainability values and generates positive attitudes and behaviors towards organic foods are underlined.
Does Leadership Matter in Performance of Social Enterprises in South Korea?
Authors: Chang Seokwon , Jeong Mugoan
Published: October 2021

In social enterprises, which are hybrid organizations that create social and economic values, the role of leaders is important to achieve goals. However, prior research on social enterprises overlooked the importance of a leader, and some research that considered leadership was insufficient to concern the characteristics of social enterprises. This study aims to find whether there is no problem in applying the leadership emphasized in a profit-firm to a non-profit-firm such as a social enterprise, since social enterprises pursue economic and social objectives simultaneously. To do so, we examined the effects of four leadership styles (transactional leadership, transformational leadership, servant leadership, and entrepreneurship) used mainly in commercial enterprises on the performance of social enterprises. In review of prior studies, it was assumed that transactional leadership would not have a significant effect on performance, and the other three kinds of leadership were hypothesized to have a positive effect on performance. Additionally, to clarify the relationship between leadership and performance of social enterprises, leader trust and calling were considered as mediators. Using the list of Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency, questionnaires were distributed via e-mail to employees of 318 social enterprises located in Seoul, and 251 copies were collected and analyzed. The results of this study show that transactional leadership only affects economic performance and does not show significance with the rest of the variables as was expected. Transformational leadership had positive relationships with variables considered as performances of social enterprises, and the mediating effects of leader trust and calling were also verified. Entrepreneurship was positively related to three performances of social enterprises, but servant leadership had a positive relationship with organizational commitment. This study contributes to highlighting the need for research to find appropriate leadership styles that focus on the characteristics of social enterprises.
On a Vector-Valued Measure of Multivariate Skewness
Authors: Loperfido Nicola
Published: October 2021

The canonical skewness vector is an analytically simple function of the third-order, standardized moments of a random vector. Statistical applications of this skewness measure include semiparametric modeling, independent component analysis, model-based clustering, and multivariate normality testing. This paper investigates some properties of the canonical skewness vector with respect to representations, transformations, and norm. In particular, the paper shows its connections with tensor contraction, scalar measures of multivariate kurtosis and Mardia’s skewness, the best-known scalar measure of multivariate skewness. A simulation study empirically compares the powers of tests for multivariate normality based on the squared norm of the canonical skewness vector and on Mardia’s skewness. An example with financial data illustrates the statistical applications of the canonical skewness vector.
Cogging Torque Reduction in PMSM in Wide Temperature Range by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Duan Xiaoshuai , Zhang Xinhua , Tang Yongbin , Hao Minghui
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a wide temperature range permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is designed, which can be used as the servo mechanism of an electric actuator in a missile. Considering the operating characteristics of the actuator with large environmental temperature change and large temperature rise, the magnetic material characteristics at different temperatures are analyzed, and the influence of eccentric magnetic poles on the cogging torque is deduced. In order to reduce cogging torque in a wide temperature range, the poles of the motor are optimized based on the response surface method. By utilizing temperature rise calculations, the scheme that may exceed the maximum working temperature of the material is eliminated. Then, the response surfaces of the cogging torque with pole arc coefficient, thickness and asymmetry at different temperatures are established, and the optimal value ranges of the three parameters are determined. The minimum upper limits of cogging torque and meeting the specified output torque at different temperatures are used as the judging criteria, and the optimal schemes for different working environments are determined. Finally, a prototype is developed, and the output torque is more than 10 N·m, and the cogging torque is less than 0.2 N·m in a wide temperature range.
Description of (Hyper-)Fragments in Hadron-Induced Reactions
Authors: Gaitanos Theodoros
Published: October 2021

In this article we review the important role of non-equilibrium dynamics in reactions induced by ions and hadron beams to understand the fragmentation processes inside hadronic media. We discuss the single-particle dynamics in specific sources such as spectators in heavy-ion collisions and residual nuclear targets in hadron-induced reactions. Particular attention is given to the dynamics of hyperons. We further discuss the question regarding the onset of local instabilities, which are relevant for the appearance of fragmentation phenomena in nuclear reactions. We apply the theoretical formalism, that is, semi-classical transport embedded with statistical methods of nuclear fragmentation, to reactions induced by light ions and hadron beams. We discuss the results of nuclear fragmentation and, in particular, examine the formation of hypernuclei. Such studies are important for obtaining a deeper understanding of the equation of state in fragmenting matter and are relevant for forthcoming experiments, such as PANDA at FAIR and J-PARC in Japan.
Three-Dimensional MHD Modeling of Interplanetary Solar Wind Using Self-Consistent Boundary Condition Obtained from Multiple Observations and Machine Learning
Authors: Yang Yi , Shen Fang
Published: October 2021

Three-dimensional (3-d) magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) modeling is a key method for studying the interplanetary solar wind. In this paper, we introduce a new 3-d MHD solar wind model driven by the self-consistent boundary condition obtained from multiple observations and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) machine learning technique. At the inner boundary, the magnetic field is derived using the magnetogram and potential field source surface extrapolation; the electron density is derived from the polarized brightness (pB) observations, the velocity can be deduced by an ANN using both the magnetogram and pB observations, and the temperature is derived from the magnetic field and electron density by a self-consistent method. Then, the 3-d interplanetary solar wind from CR2057 to CR2062 is modeled by the new model with the self-consistent boundary conditions. The modeling results present various observational characteristics at different latitudes, and are in better agreement with both the OMNI and Ulysses observations compared to our previous MHD model based only on photospheric magnetic field observations.
Evolution of Data Formats in Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
Authors: Nigro Cosimo , Hassan Tarek , Olivera-Nieto Laura
Published: October 2021

Most major scientific results produced by ground-based gamma-ray telescopes in the last 30 years have been obtained by expert members of the collaborations operating these instruments. This is due to the proprietary data and software policies adopted by these collaborations. However, the advent of the next generation of telescopes and their operation as observatories open to the astronomical community, along with a generally increasing demand for open science, confront gamma-ray astronomers with the challenge of sharing their data and analysis tools. As a consequence, in the last few years, the development of open-source science tools has progressed in parallel with the endeavour to define a standardised data format for astronomical gamma-ray data. The latter constitutes the main topic of this review. Common data specifications provide equally important benefits to the current and future generation of gamma-ray instruments: they allow the data from different instruments, including legacy data from decommissioned telescopes, to be easily combined and analysed within the same software framework. In addition, standardised data accessible to the public, and analysable with open-source software, grant fully-reproducible results. In this article, we provide an overview of the evolution of the data format for gamma-ray astronomical data, focusing on its progression from private and diverse specifications to prototypical open and standardised ones. The latter have already been successfully employed in a number of publications paving the way to the analysis of data from the next generation of gamma-ray instruments, and to an open and reproducible way of conducting gamma-ray astronomy.
Development and Evaluation of a Threshold-Based Motion Cueing Algorithm
Authors: Kraft Edward , He Ping , Rinderknecht Stephan
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a motion cueing algorithm (MCA) without a frequency divider is proposed, which aims to reproduce the longitudinal reference acceleration as far as possible via tilt coordination. Using a second-order rate limit, the human perception thresholds can directly be taken into account when parameterizing the MCA. The washout is compensated by tilt coordination and means of feedback from the translational acceleration. The proposed MCA is compared with the classical washout algorithm and the compensation MCA based on selected qualitative metrics and their workspace demand. In addition, a subjective study on the evaluation of the MCA was conducted. The results show that even high washout rates are not noticeable by the test subjects. Overall, the MCA was rated as very good.
Edge-Based Licence-Plate Template Matching for Identifying Similar Vehicles
Authors: Manana Mduduzi , Tu Chunling , Owolawi Pius Adewale
Published: October 2021

This paper presents licence-plate recognition for identifying vehicles with similar licence-plates. The method uses a modified licence-plate recognition pipeline, with licence-plate template matching replacing character segmentation and recognition. Only edge detection is used, combined with a method for calculating line ratio to locate and extract licence-plates. The extracted licence-plate templates are then compared for licence-plate matching. The results show that the method performs well in differing circumstances, and that it is computationally cost-effective. Results also show that licence-plate template matching is a reliable method of identifying similar vehicles, and has a lower computational cost when compared with character segmentation and recognition.
Changes in Serum Lipid Profiles among Canine Patients Suffering from Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: Assawarachan Sathidpak Nantasanti , Chuchalermporn Piyathip , Maneesaay Phudit , Thengchaisri Naris
Published: October 2021

Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans. However, the association between serum lipids and canine chronic hepatitis remains unknown. In this study, serum lipids, hepatic profiles, and hepatic ultrasound scores of healthy dogs and dogs with chronic hepatitis were evaluated. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in dogs with chronic hepatitis. There were 62.2% of dogs with chronic hepatitis accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, or both. Positive correlations were observed between serum ALT and cholesterol (r = 0.8287, p < 0.01), serum ALP and cholesterol (r = 0.8436, p < 0.01), serum GGT and cholesterol (r = 0.5640, p < 0.01), serum bile acid and cholesterol (r = 0.3310, p < 0.01) and serum ALP and triglycerides (r = 0.2582, p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between ultrasound scores of diseased dogs with and without hypertriglyceridemia and diseased dogs with and without hypercholesterolemia. Canine chronic hepatitis is associated with hyperlipidemia. A significant positive association was identified between hyperlipidemia, especially hypercholesterolemia, liver enzymes, and bile acid concentration in dogs suffering from chronic hepatitis. The underlying mechanisms connecting hyperlipidemia and canine chronic hepatitis remain elusive.
An Exploratory Analysis of the FAIRTRADE Certified Producer Organisations
Authors: Ruggeri Giordano , Corsi Stefano
Published: October 2021

The main objective of this research was to provide an exploratory analysis of the Fairtrade producer organisations’ network, focusing mainly on the revenues that certified organisations derive from their participation in Fairtrade. Using descriptive statistics and regression techniques, we analysed the Fairtrade affiliated organisations from the comprehensive dataset on worldwide Fairtrade certified producers. The database comprises 1016 producer organisations and plantations, distributed in 65 developing countries during 2015 including all products and countries. We identified some features of farmer organisations that affect the creation of revenues, and we investigated the fraction of revenues that producer organizations derive from FT compared to their overall revenues. The results highlight the different approaches to FT by the certified organisations and do not reveal any dominance in terms of revenues by any type of producer organisations or by organisations involved in FT for the longest time. This research contributes to deepening the knowledge about Fairtrade operations and provide useful information to the debate on the role of Fairtrade in developing profitable value chains for producer organisations in developing countries.
Grounds for the pledge occurrence
Authors: Grigorieva Anna Gennadievna
Published: October 2021

The article demonstrates that in the modern world, a pledge is the most reliable way to ensure the performance of obligations, and, therefore, the issues related to the grounds for the pledge occurrence are quite relevant. The author determines that the pledge arises only on the basis of an agreement between the pledgor and the pledge holder, but also by virtue of the law, which allows protecting the interests of the weak party as much as possible, giving it the opportunity to get satisfaction of its claims from the value of the pledged property. The article can be used when giving lectures and conducting practical classes in the field of Jurisprudence.
Issues of musical and vocal education of theater students
Authors: Kin Vyacheslav Kondratievich
Published: October 2021

The author considers the problem of training specialists in the field of Acting and shows that the need of theaters for actors of a "synthetic" kind (with universal voice capabilities, with a high degree of musicality) is dictated by the increasing role of musical elements in a modern performance and is also determined by the search in modern directing. Theatrical practice demonstrates that the musicality of an actor is a crucial quality of acting. Today, in general, as always, the issues of organizing and implementing vocal education for future actors are among the most complex and energy-intensive. First-year students who come to the theater program track at the higher educational institution either do not have any preliminary vocal training at all, or are trained at the elementary level. Nevertheless, it should be noted that some of them were trained to play musical instruments and have musicality. The article deals with the specifics of working with students, aimed mainly at the formation of basic singing skills, which are associated with the acoustic properties of sound, high singing position, vocal diction, breathing, voice science, i.e. all the things that make up the technology of singing professionalism. Meanwhile, the author shows that this work is not with students of the vocal department, but with future actors of the drama theater. And our task is to educate an artistic and creative person, a participant in the dramatic process, which is all theatrical activity.
The features of project activities in healthcare
Authors: Fursov Valentin Vladimirovich , Moshkov Vladimir Valerievich , Fursov Ilya Valentinovich , Fursov Ivan Valentinovich
Published: October 2021

Despite the importance of issues related to the implementation of the national project «Healthcare» and the federal projects it includes, in particular the Federal Project «Providing medical organizations of the healthcare system with qualified personnel», the scientific literature does not fully cover the issues related to the implementation of project activities in this area, both in terms of the procedure for developing and approving projects of the appropriate level and in terms of making changes to existing projects of national, federal, regional and departmental significance. This article provides an overview of the basic regulatory acts of the legislation regulating project activities in the Russian Federation and examines the structure of project activities in general, as well as the implementation of the Federal Project «Providing medical organizations of the healthcare system with qualified personnel», which is part of the national project «Healthcare». Special attention is paid to the monitoring of the Federal Project and the structure of its indicators, including target, main and additional ones.
Methodological development of children's interactive classes in the museum
Authors: Davydova Sofya Aleksandrovna
Published: October 2021

The article describes the features of developing interactive programs for primary school students in the context of a literary museum and the successful experience of involving colleagues in this process. Speaking about such a form of museum work as a children's interactive lesson, the author draws attention to the specifics of both the preparation process and the conduct of the children's lesson itself. Working on such projects requires non-standard approaches, which are mostly not typical for classical museum studies. The very idea of a children's lesson arises from the desire of museum staff to tell about a particular topic in a language that is understandable and close to the children's audience. Every museum employee who has experience in conducting children's excursions knows that for young visitors, tactile sensations play an important role in cognition, as well as knowledge of the specifics of its functioning. Thus, an important task of the museum worker is to maintain a balance between attracting the children's audience and storing memorial exhibits.
Types of cultural tourism in China
Authors: Ying Liu
Published: October 2021

The author shows that the specificity of modern cultural tourism is largely due to the fact that at present, the standard of living is gradually improving, and people begin to feel the lack of satisfaction caused by material factors, so they are looking for new ways to get spiritual expression. There are many types of cultural tourism in China, but this issue has not been sufficiently studied. The article presents various types of cultural tourism as a synthesis of various studies which is of importance and can be used in the practice of popularizing culture and spreading ideas about the cultural heritage of any country.
The past, the present and the future of nanotechnologies
Authors: Nagy János B.
Published: October 2021

Artists from the time of Mesopotamia or Egypt and in the Middle Ages astonished us with various coloured Stained-glass windows, prepared with the help of metal nanoparticles.

The paper will deal with zeolites, nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. The latter will be developed more extensively, because we have founded the Nanocyl company, selling carbon nanotubes and it has become the best European company. One carbon nanotube is 100,000 times thinner than a human hair, it is very light – twice as light as aluminium –, its mechanical resistance is much higher than that of steel and it conducts electricity better than metal conductors. The use of carbon nanotubes is very important in nanotechnology. For example, with the help of coiled carbon nanotubes, the weight of a single nanoparticle can be measured, it is equal to one femtogram (10−15 gram). Carbon nanotubes are used in car spray painting to cancel the build-up of static electricity. With the help of carbon nanotubes, it is possible to decrease the velocity of flame propagation, when they are included in composite materials. Carbon nanotubes are also very good as sensors for toxic gases. Their uses will take up the most part of this paper.

The future of nanotechnology will be illustrated by nanomachines, by the lift between the Earth and the Moon, and by graphene (one single sheet of graphite). The use of carbon nanotubes will be evoked in waste water cleaning, in the production of drinking water from seawater.
Production of Biopolymer Foams Based on Polylactic Acid Plasticized With Lactic Acid Oligomer
Authors: Litauszki Katalin , Kmetty Ákos
Published: October 2021

In our work, we modified polylactic acid biopolymer using oligomeric lactic acid. We have successfully plasticised polylactic acid compounds with 5, 10, 20 wt% oligomeric lactic acid using a liquid dosing system connected to a compounder extruder. The produced compounds were foamed with an exothermic chemical foaming agent. The density of the foams was measured and the fracture surfaces were examined by electron microscopy to assess the homogeneity of the cell structure. Based on this, we believe that the plasticising effect of oligomeric lactic acid is undeniable, but a processing temperature of 190 °C is not optimal for the foaming process. In the future, the production of biopolymer foam structures with a higher density reduction can be achieved by reducing and optimizing the foam processing temperature.
Future Structural Materials of High Speed Generators Used in Supercritical CO2 Based Power Plant Applications
Authors: Nagy András , Jankovics István , Máté Márton
Published: October 2021

The aim of this paper is to present the applicability of one of the promising achievements in the fields of materials science and mechanical engineering, which provides a solution to one of the problems of the new generation power plants. One promising area of research aimed at increasing the efficiency of electricity generation is discussed in this article on the characteristics of super-critical carbon dioxide power plant cycles and the properties of high-speed generators that can be used in such power plants. The applicability of amorphous materials in the construction of high-speed electrical machines can solve the efficiency problem of such machines, enabling its use in new generation power plants.
The formation and stability of bulk amorphous and high entropy alloys
Authors: Szabó Attila , Bán Krisztián , Hlinka József , Pásztor Judit , Lovas Antal
Published: October 2021

Two kinds of phase stabilization mechanism are discussed and compared: the first is characteristic of the formation of bulk amorphous alloys, in which the high supercooling ability of multicomponent liquids is responsible for the glassy phase stabilization. Here the hindered nucleation of crystalline phases is the center phenomenon. The origin of this hindering is the slowing atomic mobility in the supercooling melt. In contrast the melt supercooling is negligible during the high entropy alloy formation. It is believed that stability of the crystalline single fcc phase is the consequence of the characteristic of high configurational entropy at high temperatures. However, the significance of this entropy-dominated stabilization is overestimated in several references. It has been concluded that transition metal contraction (arising from the d electron participation in the overall bonding state) does also contribute to the high temperature stability of fcc single phase in the high entropy alloys.
Multimodal Metabolic Imaging Reveals Pigment Reduction and Lipid Accumulation in Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Lee Hyeon Jeong , Chen Zhicong , Collard Marianne , Chen Fukai , Chen Jiaji G. , Wu Muzhou , Alani Rhoda M. , Cheng Ji-Xin
Published: October 2021

Objective and Impact Statement
. Molecular signatures are needed for early diagnosis and improved treatment of metastatic melanoma. By high-resolution multimodal chemical imaging of human melanoma samples, we identify a metabolic reprogramming from pigmentation to lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in metastatic melanoma.
Introduction
. Metabolic plasticity promotes cancer survival and metastasis, which promises to serve as a prognostic marker and/or therapeutic target. However, identifying metabolic alterations has been challenged by difficulties in mapping localized metabolites with high spatial resolution.
Methods
. We developed a multimodal stimulated Raman scattering and pump-probe imaging platform. By time-domain measurement and phasor analysis, our platform allows simultaneous mapping of lipids and pigments at a subcellular level. Furthermore, we identify the sources of these metabolic signatures by tracking deuterium metabolites at a subcellular level. By validation with mass spectrometry, a specific fatty acid desaturase pathway was identified.
Results
. We identified metabolic reprogramming from a pigment-containing phenotype in low-grade melanoma to an LD-rich phenotype in metastatic melanoma. The LDs contain high levels of cholesteryl ester and unsaturated fatty acids. Elevated fatty acid uptake, but not
de novo
lipogenesis, contributes to the LD-rich phenotype. Monounsaturated sapienate, mediated by FADS2, is identified as an essential fatty acid that promotes cancer migration. Blocking such metabolic signatures effectively suppresses the migration capacity both
in vitro
and
in vivo
.
Conclusion
. By multimodal spectroscopic imaging and lipidomic analysis, the current study reveals lipid accumulation, mediated by fatty acid uptake, as a metabolic signature that can be harnessed for early diagnosis and improved treatment of metastatic melanoma.
Green’s Terminological principles and methods: an analysis on the pioneering work of Scientific Tamil
Authors: Markandan Rubavathanan
Published: October 2021

This research paper attempts to provide a details descriptive analysis on the terminological work done by Samuel Fisk Green, an American Medical Missionary as part of the Scientific Tamil initiatives in the nineteenth century in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Green being a foreign or more accurately an alien to Tamil language started to teach western medicine in Tamil at his own Medical College at Manipay and translated medical science related books from European languages into Tamil to enhance medium of instruction and disseminate healthcare information within community. During the translation process he was in need of terminology development on specific terms and he developed terminological principles and methods such as term creation, term formation, paraphrasing, compounding, borrowing, transliteration, derivation and others to use to create accurate and appropriate equivalents that could support beginners to communicate successfully in scientific Tamil language. Thus this descriptive analytical paper provides a details analysis of the significant contribution made by Green on Terminology while providing an indebt insight to the both novice as well as experienced future researchers. Further it will support the policy and strategies concerning scientific Tamil language with the hope of promotion of scientific and technical communication.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM PADA SMA NEGERI DI KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Purnamasari Wulan Safriani , Goon Pelipus , Setyasih Iya' , Saputra Yulian Widya , Anwar Yaskinul
Published: October 2021

Online learning is one of the new policies in the education sector due to the global pandemic, namely COVID-19. This online learning policy is expected to continue to support the achievement of educational goals. Effectiveness in learning is often measured as a standard for achieving educational goals. Google classroom as a digital-based education platform is considered capable of being a learning link between teachers and students. The implementation of this research is to determine the effectiveness of online teaching and learning activities using Google Classroom at SMA Negeri 1, SMA Negeri 3, SMA Negeri 7 and SMA Negeri 8. This research is quantitative descriptive. The population used in this study were students in grades X, XI, and XII and high school teachers in the city of Samarinda.  Data retrieval was carried out using google forms, learning outcomes documents, and interviews, then the analytical technique used was the interactive model of analysis by comparing the results of the google form questionnaire, learning outcomes, and interviews. The results of the study illustrate that online geography learning using google classroom ranges from 51% -75% only and is considered less effective due to several factors, namely network constraints, quota costs and and google classroom used in this study is not optimal. In addition, when face-to-face learning using google meet only 30% - 50% of students who follow it and some teachers do not carry out face-to-face for fear of burdening students. As a result, teachers only provide materials, media, videos, and assignments in Google Classroom, even though the average student learning outcomes are above the KKM. The conclusion in the study shows the use of google classroom when learning geography online is less effective.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI KELAS X IPS 3 MATERI LITOSFER DI SMA NEGERI 1 KABILA KABUPATEN BONEBOLANGO
Authors: Surahmi Suci , Lihawa Fitryane , Yusuf Daud
Published: October 2021

The Use of Animated Video Media in Improving Students’Learning Outcomes on Geography Subject of Lithosphere Topic: A Study Conducted in Senior High School, SMAN Kabila, Bone Bolango Regency. The objective of this classroomaction research is to improve students’ learning outcomes by the application of animated video media on the subject of geography of the lithosphere topic; it was conducted in senior high school SMAN Kabila, Bone Bolango Regency. This study relied on the data of students’ learning outcomes, which were from multiple-choice test. Further, as many as 33  this study comprised two cycles i.e., cycle I and II. According to the result of cycle 1, out of 33 students, 17 students met the standard score, while the remaining 16 ( 53,33% ) was the opposite. The percentage increased in cycle II, where 26 students ( 86,67% ) were able to meet the minimum standard, and only 23,33% were yet to satisfy the standard completion. All in all, the use of animated video media improves students’ learning outcomes in the site area.
Kollektív márkák és önszerveződés a Szekszárdi borvidéken
Authors: Mike Károly , Kucsera Bence
Published: October 2021

Hogyan tartja fenn és növeli hírnevét egy bortermelő közösség? Milyen intézményi formákban hozza létre az ehhez szükséges kollektív márkáit? Terepmunkán alapuló esettanulmányunk a Szekszárdi borvidék példáján vizsgálja e kérdéseket. Eredményeink szerint a kollektív márkák nem a hivatalos hegyközségi keretben jönnek létre. Kisebb termelői csoportok hozzák létre őket, alternatív – informális, magánjogi és önkormányzati elemeket kombináló – intézményi megoldásokat keresve. Sokrétű, összetett rendszer alakul ki, tükrözve az intézményépítés innovatív, kísérletező és konfliktusokkal terhes jellegét.
La Geografía en el IPGH
Authors: Pena Héctor Óscar José
Published: October 2021

La Geografía estuvo presente en la gestación del Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia (IPGH), forma parte de su nombre y lo viene acompañando en su importante trayectoria institucional.Durante noventa y dos años fue partícipe necesario en el inicial proceso de organización y desarrollo. Su evolución científica respondió a nuevos desafíos y fue adaptando su paradigma junto con las modernas tecnologías, para continuar siendo una herramienta fundamental para cumplir los objetivos de este organismo especializado de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA).Su enfoque transversal y su flexibilidad para el trabajo científico conjunto, le otorgan especial vigencia para actuar ante los grandes problemas que vive América, dentro de un mundo globalizado.
EVALUATING EXPERIENCE WITH ANORECTAL MANOMETRY IN AN OUTPATIENT SETTING
Authors: Kovalev Sergey , Khitaryan Alexander , Shtilman Michael , Orekhov Alexey , Alibekov Albert , Golovina Anastasiya , Achabaeva Aishat
Published: October 2021

Purpose of the study: 1) Evaluating application of anorectal manometry in an outpatient setting. 2) Determination of reference manometric and point criteria for normal rectal sphincter indicators and Fecal Incontinence (FI) according to anorectal manometry data using a Peritron anal sensor. Materials and methods: The retrospective study was based on the results of anorectal manometry using Peritron equipment (Cardio Design Pty Ltd, Australia) on 1200 patients with various proctological diseases, who were examined and treated at the Center for Outpatient Proctology of the surgical department of Railway Clinical Hospital (Rostov-on-Don, Russia) from 2015 to 2020. All patients were divided into 4 groups in accordance with the clinical classification of Fecal Incontinence (FI) developed at the National Coloproctology Research Center and the obtained results. As a subjective assessment, the Cleveland Fecal Incontinence Scale (Wexner) was used, and objectively, the results of anorectal manometry using the Peritron sphinctometer. Results: Our manometric data enabled to develop a reliable indicator scale of normal sphincter function and various degrees of fecal incontinence according to the Peritron findings and allowed to recommend the device for a wider introduction into clinical practice, in particular in coloproctology, to perform anorectal manometry.
Earlysurgical treatment of acu te coronary syndrome in patients with ST -segm ent elevation (at < h24), arrhy thm iccomp lications and severe mitral regu rgitation
Authors: Mykhaylichenko Vyacheslav , Kostyamin Yuri , Lutsenko Yuri , Baziyan-Kukhto Naira , Parshin Dmitry , Turna Elvira
Published: October 2021

Treatment outcomes of acute coronary syndrome in 108 patients with ST-segment elevation (after more than 24 hours) complicated by arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter) and subsequently developed severe (degrees 2 and 3) mitral insufficiency were analyzed. We elaborated an algorithm for the sequence of interventions. All the patients had coronary angiography and stenting of the symptom-dependent artery during the first 2 days after the admission. Depending on the localization of the left ventricular myocardial infarction zone, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 68 (63%) patients with anterior wall and apex infarction; 23 (21.3%) patients with posterior wall infarction; 17 (15.7%) patients with lower wall infarction. It was revealed that patients, who had undergone revascularization in the early stages, had a statistically significant increase in the main indicators of myocardial contractility, in contrast to patients receiving only conservative therapy. In the observation group, sinus rhythm was restored in all patients 1–4 days after hospitalization. 12 patients underwent emergency electrical cardioversion on the day of admission. In 31 patients, sinus rhythm was restored within the first 24 hours during therapy prior to revascularization. In 39 patients, sinus rhythm was restored during therapy on days 3–5 after primary revascularization. In 26 patients, sinus rhythm was restored 2–4 days after complete revascularization. Based on the study, several conclusions can be drawn: in conditions of heart failure, revascularization is best to perform at the earliest possible stage. The optimal values of vital functions for performing revascularization can be considered: systolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mm Hg; heart rate ≤ 110 beats per minute. In primary surgical treatment, it is most optimal to revascularize only the symptom-dependent artery. Reintervention for complete revascularization is most effective and safe 10–14 days after the initial intervention. The use of emergency electrical cardioversion in those patients in the preoperative period is fully justified, despite the existing risks. Application of our algorithm helps to restore sinus rhythm, reduce the degree of mitral regurgitation and reduce mortality.