bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of pre-emptive incisional bupivacaine block on postoperative pain after coeliotomy in dogs
Authors: Pavlidou Kiriaki , Papazoglou Lysimachos
Published: March 2021

PICO question

Is there an effect on analgesia following coeliotomy in dogs after a block with local anaesthetics?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

All the available evidence for this PICO question comes from clinical trials and one experimental/pharmacology study. All the studies were randomised; 5/7 were blinded clinical studies and 4/7 studies were prospective

Strength of evidence

Moderate

Outcomes reported

It is not clear if the use of a local anaesthetic including bupivacaine or lidocaine as incisional blocks minimises the postoperative pain especially in the first 24 hours, as the results are not statistically significant between the groups

Conclusion

In conclusion, bupivacaine or lidocaine can minimise the postoperative pain but more clinical trials are needed

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
USE OF MICE AS EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALSIN LABORATORIES THATREFER TO THE PRINCIPLES OF ANIMAL WELFARE: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Mutiarahmi Citra Nur , Hartady Tyagita , Lesmana Ronny
Published: March 2021

Kesejahteraan hewan coba mencakup dua masalah utama yaitu pemeliharaan umum dan penanganan selama prosedur eksperimental. Kedua masalah utama tersebut berkaitan dengan perlakuan yang diberikan oleh peneliti sejak awal hewan coba diterima hingga penelitian berakhir. Penelitian yang menggunakan hewan percobaan terutama secara etis harus menerapkan prinsip replacement, reduction, dan refinement (3R), serta prinsip lima kebebasan hewan yaitu (1) bebas dari rasa lapar dan haus, (2) bebas dari rasa tidak nyaman, (3) bebas dari rasa nyeri, luka dan penyakit, (4) bebas dari rasa takut dan stres, dan (5) bebas untuk mengekspresikan tingkah laku alamiah. Penerapan kaidah kesejahteraan hewan dalam penelitian ini bertujuan meminimalisir stres pada hewan dan diharapkan dapat memberikan hasil penelitian yang lebih akurat.
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUE FOR DERMATOPHYTE IDENTIFICATION ISOLATED FROM PETS IN JAKARTA AND BOGOR
Authors: Endrawati Dwi , Pribadi Eko Sugeng , Indrawati Agustin , Kusumaningtyas Eni
Published: March 2021

Dermatophytosis is one of the superficial mycoses which causes skin health problems in pet animals. This study conducted molecular characterization using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) on specimens obtained from patients suspected of dermatophytosis in several clinics in DKI Jakarta Province and Bogor City. Fifty samples of skin scrapings from patients suspected of clinically dermatophytosis were collected and analyzed by conventional and molecular techniques. The Research aimed to identify dermatophyte that were isolated from pet animals using PCR-RFLP technique. The primers of ITS 1, ITS 4, Chytin Synthase, and cutting enzymes of Dde1 were used in this Research. Four specimens off 50 spesimens were tested positive using direct and culture PCR examination techniques. Based on the sequencing results, Microsporum canis was identified in four spesimens. Specimens that were positive for dermatophytes followed by RFLP using the Dde 1 enzyme. The results of the study showed that molecular techniques were a reliable way to determine the high-precision dermatophytes in diagnosing dermatophytosis. The Results also showed that molecular arrangement of B1 isolate was different from three other isolates.
Types of Justice in Contractual Relationships
Authors: Briket Denis
Published: March 2021

To analyze the manifestations of social injustice in various situations in society, it is necessary first of all to study how it arises in interpersonal interaction. In the studies of foreign authors on this issue, the logic inherent to the theory of social exchange by G. Homans appears implicitly or explicitly. The article describes which theories Homans based on when creating his concept, how the individual’s actions are influenced by the “rewards” and “costs” received by him, and why Homans wasnot afraid to defend the methodological principle of psychological reductionism. This paper discusses the propositions of this theory and their applicability in assessing the phenomenon of social justice, whether it is a distributional, procedural or interactional orientation. Distributive justice examines how the parties to social exchange assess the fairness of the “rewards” received; to the sphere of procedural studies – the “honesty” of the procedures and processes by which the distribution of “rewards” is made; the area of interest of the interactionist direction is the actor himself, who participates in the process of social exchange. The article also examines the specifics of such types of social exchange as contractual and mutual. A contractual type of social exchange is a relationship in which agreements and conditions are jointly established, thanks to which it becomes possible to receive “rewards”. In contrast to contractual social exchange, mutual exchange is not supported by any legal restrictions. The article describes why the hypothesis that the contractual type of social exchange will be viewed by the participants as more equitable has not been confirmed. In addition, this paper analyzes the suitability of using contractual and mutual social exchange in the context of G. Homans theory of social exchange, and the relevance of their consideration within the framework of the concept of “rewards” and “costs”.
Models of Physician’s Behavior in the Situation of Assignment Paid Procedures
Authors: Andreeva Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

The Russian healthcare system provides a set of free and paid diagnostic and therapeutic services. Although, when prescribing additional paid services, a specific doctor is provided with the situation of choice. The doctor is faced with a set of ethical and professional motivators, one of which is paid services as a source of additional medical income. What do doctors do in this situation, what strategies do they choose and what motivates their decision? Conducted and analyzed in-depth interviews (18 interviews, Tver, 2018) with doctors of different specialties revealed several patterns of doctor’s behavior when prescribing paid services. The data analyzed in the tactics of grounded theory allowed the author to build several models of doctor’s behavior, where such choices are associated with certain system of professional and personal values. The described models are conventionally named by author: “Making money”, “Polypragmasia”, “Collegiality”, “Man-System”, “One and a half rates”, “Out of the system”, “Avoidance”.The constructed models of behavior of doctors show that the appointment of additional optional procedures is associated not only with the doctor's desire to earn money, but also can be explained by a more complex combination of reasons, working conditions, formal and informal social norms, as well as the basic values of the doctors themselves.
Usage of Social Networks and Socialization of Russian Teenagers
Authors: Solodnikov Vladimir , Zaitseva Anastasia
Published: March 2021

The article concentrates on the correlation between a measure of Russian teenagers’ socialization and the use of social media in their everyday life. Now a personal computer, a smartphone or other gadgets, providing an Internet connection, are a widespread attribute of the everyday life.
Moreover, young people (sometimes defined as generation Z) regard their online presence (including social media) as a natural element of their lives. This said, the use of social media, on one hand, blends seamlessly with their attempts at (intimate) personal communication or academic/professional activity and can be a positive socialization factor at this stage of their life. On the other hand, there are voices saying that the intensity of online communication (‘excessive Internet use’) could create additional barriers for offline communication, have negative effects of their psychological well-being and hinder socialization of teenagers. The article contains arguments describing a low positive link between social media use (time spent, number of online friends, etc.) and socialization of Russian teenagers (measured with an index, based on several parameters: school performance, participation in academic competitions, in school governance, etc.). The conclusions are based on two online surveys (qualitative and quantitative one), conducted in 2020, and secondary analysis.
Russian Identity and School Education: Contemporary Context
Authors: Endryushko Anna
Published: March 2021

The article examines the construction of Russian identity in the doctrinal space of the educational sphere. The evolution of state educational standards in the post-Soviet period is analyzed from documents that only regulate the content of school education to program documents that form the educational functions of the school, as well as the formation of Russian civic identity as one of the main goals. The results of content analysis of documents of federal state standards of primary, basic, general education of a new generation (adopted in 2009–2012) are presented. A quantitative analysis of the text showed that with the stated goal of forming a Russian civic identity, its civic component is significantly inferior to the cultural one, and with a meaningful analysis, the dominance of the emotional and normative-value components is obvious, while the behavioral aspect of Russian identity is very weakly expressed. It is concluded that this approach contributes to the formation of “blind patriotism”, hindering the development of the behavioral aspects of civic identity and the formation of public activity of schoolchildren.
Motivation and Motivation Profiles of the Employees in a Modern Organization
Authors: Kharchenko Vera
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study of staff motivation in a large financial company in a case study format. The technique of V. I. Gerchikov to determine the motivational profiles of employees: instrumental, professional, patriot, boss, lumpen. The experience of research conducted using this technique contains limited information on how to implement such research in organizations, and what results can be obtained. The features of the implemented research are the format of the survey (internally, HR research), the motivation of respondents (the possibility of obtaining a personal report), the format for presenting the results (the report and infographics on the internal portal), the breadth of analysis of the data obtained (analytics for certain categories of employees) and the nature of the research – applied.
The test results allowed us to understand various aspects of motivation and motivational profiles of employees by category (position, length of service, gender). In the studied organization, the most common were professional and instrumental motives, but employees of different positions differed in terms of motivation and in motivational profiles. Professional motives are more typical for managers, and instrumental ones for specialists. Seniority in the company affects the change in motivation: if professional and patriotic motives are more typical for newcomers, then over time professional and instrumental ones begin to prevail.
The most common employee profiles in an organization are “instrumental” and “professional”. An analysis of the differences in the distribution of employee profiles revealed that there are more “professionals” among managers (56%), and among employees working with clients – “instrumentalists” (60%). Employees with profiles “professional-instrumental” and “instrumental-professional” are widespread in the studied company. The results obtained were taken into account when adjusting the current motivation system and personnel development programs.
An Analysis of Feeding Pattern Factors in Infants at Kencong Public Health Center
Authors: Noviyanti Laila Auliya , Rachmawati Dwita Aryadina , Sutejo Ika Rahmawati
Published: March 2021

The feeding pattern in toddler is an effort and a way for mothers to provide food to toddler with the aim that the toddler eating needs are sufficient, both in quantity and nutritional value. There are factors that influence the feeding pattern in toddler, namely the level of maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition, maternal education level, household income, mother's occupation, and the number of family members. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the feeding pattern in toddler at ​​Kencong Public Health Center. The type of research that will be conducted is analytical survey research with a cross sectional approach. The sample of this study is mothers who have children aged 12 months to 59 months in the working area of ​​Kencong Public Health Center. The sample size in this study is 70 samples using stratified random sampling. The majority of the sex of the toddler in this study were male and aged 12-36 months. The majority of mothers in this study are aged 26-35 years, graduated from high school, did not work, have sufficient knowledge of toddler nutrition, and included to have sufficient toddler feeding patterns. The majority has small family and the household income of the respondents was mostly below the regional minimum wage. The results of this study there are factors that influence the feeding pattern in toddler in the work area of ​​Kencong Public Health Center; there are the mother's education level (p= 0,000 dan r= 0,824), the level of maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition (p= 0,000 dan r= 0,895) and household income (p= 0,000) which means the degree of correlation in the category is very strong.

Keywords: The feeding pattern in toddler, the factors that influence the feeding pattern in toddler
Comparison of Sodium Levels in Patients with Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease Whose Using New and Re-use Hemodialyzer in Hemodialysis Installation RSD dr. Soebandi Jember
Authors: Hermansyah Yuli , Novidyawati Firda , Azis Ayu Munawaroh
Published: March 2021

Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the most common medical case in the world. Stage V CKD defined as a condition where the renal function decrease progressively, marked by the GFR  <15/ml/minute/1,73 m2, with or without kidney damage history for three months. Patients diagnosed with Stage V CKD often needs kidney replacement therapy, one of which is hemodialysis. The cost needed for hemodialysis was considered as too expensive, forcing lots of medical staff in most countries using the method known as re-use hemodialyzer. Re-use hemodialyzer is a term for using the same hemodialyzer (or hemodialysis machine) for the same patient but on a different therapy session. The main purpose for this research is to investigate the sodium level in patients with Stage V CKD whose using new and re-use hemodialyzer in Hemodialysis Installation of RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. Analytic Observational Study is used for this research combined with Cross Sectional Study in December 2018. Total of 19 samples chosen with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Collected data is analyzed using paired t-test. The conclusion that can be obtained from this research is that there is no significant difference between sodium level in patients with Stage V CKD whose using new and re-use hemodialyzer (p=0,904). The effectivity and quality of the hemodialyzer is thought to be the main factor for this result.

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, sodium, re-use hemodialyzer
The Effectiveness of Tamarindus indica Extract in Total Osteoblast Cell of Male Wistar Rat’s Femur Bone Induced by Aluminium
Authors: Pratiwi Indah , Normasari Rena , Prasetyo Rony
Published: March 2021

Aluminum is widely used in life but includes non-essential metals toxic to the human body that most accumulates in the femur. Aluminum is toxic because it increases the number of free radicals resulting in oxidative stress that causes osteoblast apoptosis. Tamarindus indica has the most potent antioxidant effect on the seed. The polyphenol content in Tamarindus indica seed are myricetin, procyanidin B2, and caffeic acid. Antioxidants in Tamarindus indica seed have mechanism of donating electrons from the -OH group in the phenolic ring to stop oxidative chain reactions and prevent the formation of hydroxyl radicals and lipid peroxidation that play a role in cell apoptosis. The purpose of this study  to determine the effect of giving Tamarindus indica extract on the total osteoblasts of femur bone in male wistar rats induced by aluminum. This research is a true experimental in vivo with randomized post-test only control group design using 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups. Aluminum is given orally dose 300mg/kgBB and Tamarindus indica extract dose 25, 50, 100mg/kgBB for 10 weeks. The results of this study indicate the average total of osteoblasts in groups K, P1, P2, P3, P4 are 15.21 ± 1.71; 18.48 ± 3.65; 17.8 ± 7.05; 17.13 ± 1.16; 16.74 ± 5.71. Data analysis used the Kruskal Wallis test. The results of data analysis showed that there was no significant differences in all groups (p = 0.581). Based on the results of this study, Tamarindus indica extract that was given to male wistar rats induced by aluminum for 10 weeks had no effect on the total osteoblasts.
Lay Voluntary Doula Caring for the Childbearing Woman and Her Partner
Authors: Wikberg Anita Maria , Bondas Terese Elisabet
Published: March 2021

This study describes and illuminates voluntary lay doula caring during childbearing for the woman and her partner. The theoretical perspective is based on Eriksson's theory of caritative caring. Latent qualitative content analysis was chosen using semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of nine voluntary unpaid lay doulas in a Nordic nongovernmental organization. Caring as incubating, messaging, alleviating, and enabling offers a new understanding of doula care as tailored continuous caring to benefit the birth experience of both parents. This core of caring might also provide a mutual basis for collaboration between voluntary doula care and professional midwifery care.
DETERMINAN PENDAPATAN USAHA PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ro'ikayah Siti Nur , Laila Nisful
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian yang dilakukan pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia tahun 2015-2019 dilakukan dengan tujuan agar dapat melihat pengaruh jumlah pembiayaan, ukuran, dan Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) yang  mempunyai pengaruh atas pendapatan usaha yang dimilikinya. Laporan keuangan Bank Umum Syariah (BUS) digunakan sebagai data yang nantinya untuk diteliti. Peneliti menganalisis data melalui metode regresi linier berganda. Peneliti menggunakan sampel laporan keuangan serta sesuai dengan kriteria sampel yang dimiliki oleh 11 Bank Umum Syariah. Teknik yang dipakai dalam memperoleh sampel yakni yang sesuai dengan ketentuan atau purposive sampling. Dari penelitian ini, dihasilkan bahwa secara parsial jumlah pembiayaan memberikan hasil/pengaruh yang signifikan, ukuran bank memberikan hasil/pengaruh yang signifikan, dan dana pihak ketiga tidak berdampak signifikan atas pendapatan usaha Bank Umum Syariah. Sedangkan secara simultan jumlah pembiayaan, ukuran bank, dan dana pihak ketiga mempunyai dampak yang signifikan atas pendapatan usaha BUS di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Jumlah Pembiayaan, Ukuran Bank, Dana Pihak Ketiga, Pendapatan Usaha. ABSTRACTResearch conducted at Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia in 2015-2019 was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of the amount of financing, size, and Third Party Funds (TPF) which have an influence on the business income they have. The financial reports of Islamic Commercial Banks (BUS) are used as data which will be examined later. Researchers analyzed data using multiple linear regression methods. Researchers used a sample of financial statements and in accordance with the sample criteria owned by 11 Islamic Commercial Banks. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. From this research, it is concluded that partially the amount of financing provides a significant result / effect, the size of the bank gives a significant result / effect, and third party funds do not have a significant impact on the operating income of Islamic Commercial Banks. Meanwhile, simultaneously the amount of financing, bank size, and third party funds have a significant impact on the operating income of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia.Keywords: Total Financing, Bank Size, Third Party Funds, Operating Income.
THE BRICOLAGE OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND ZAKAT MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ramadhani Novitasari Putri , Qadri Resi Ariyasa , Kurniawan Agus
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi akuntabilitas pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia serta menganalisis dampak penerapan finansial teknologi dalam kerangka akuntabilitas pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan framework systematic literature review. 3 pertanyaan utama dirumuskan untuk mengakomodir framework systematic literature review. Diperoleh dua puluh empat artikel yang diterbitkan pada jurnal nasional maupun internasional terakreditasi. Hasil analisis terhadap seluruh artikel tersebut adalah akuntabilitas pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia diwujudkan dalam bentuk laporan keuangan yang disusun oleh organisasi pengelola zakat dengan mengacu pada PSAK 109. Penyelesaian masalah terkait rendahnya akuntabilitas pengelolaan zakat di Indonesia dapat diatasi melalui penerapan finansial teknologi dalam pengelolaan zakat oleh organisasi pengelola zakat. Namun demikian, masih dibutuhkan regulasi pemerintah yang mengatur lebih rinci mengenai bagaimana pelaksanaannya.Kata Kunci: Finansial Teknologi Syariah, Akuntansi Syariah, Zakat, Indonesia. ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the implementation of zakat management accountability in Indonesia and to analyze the impact of the application of financial technology in the accountability framework of zakat management in Indonesia. We employed the systematic literature review framework as a methodology to achive the research’s objectives. Three main questions were formulated to accommodate the systematic literature review framework. Twenty-four articles published in accredited national and international journals were obtained. The results of our study indicate that the accountability of zakat management in Indonesia is manifested in the form of financial reports prepared by the zakat management office with reference to PSAK 109. Solving problems related to the low accountability of zakat management in Indonesia can be overcome through the application of financial technology. However, there is still a need for government regulations that regulate in more detail on how to implement the financial technology.Keywords: Sharia Financial Technology, Sharia Accounting, Zakat, Indonesia.
DAMPAK WAKAF PRODUKTIF DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR GRIYA KHADIJAH PUSPAS UNAIR
Authors: Budianto Arif , Fanani Sunan
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini merupakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana wakaf produktif terhadap pembangunan infrastruktur Griya khadijah di PUSPAS Universitas Airlangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif- deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus dimana penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara,dokumentasi dan observasi. Teknik pengumpulan data primer diperoleh dengan wawancara dengan nazhir PUSPAS Universias Airlangga dan pengelola Griya khadijah. kemudian, dilakukan triangulasi dan dianalisis untuk mendapatkan hasil kesimpulan. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui buku teks, jurnal ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa nazhir PUSPAS Universitas Airangga menerima dan mengelolah wakaf produktif berupa wakaf uang dan wakaf manfaat temporer dari wakif berupa satu unit rumah di jalan kalikepiting dimana rumah wakaf temporer itu di bangun/direnovasi menjadi griya khadijah akan menghasilkan manfaat untuk mauquf alaih(mahasiswi) berupa tempat tinggal mahasiswi yang di dalamnya terdapat program pembinaan dan pengembangan karakter bagi mahasiswi.Kata kunci : wakaf, wakaf produktif, pembangunan, nazhir PUSPAS Universitas Airlangga. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to determine the role of productive waqf in the development of Griya Khadijah infrastructure at PUSPAS Universitas Airlangga. This study used a qualitative-descriptive approach with a case study method where this research was conducted by interview, documentation and observation. Primary data collection techniques were obtained through interviews with nazhir PUSPAS Universias Airlangga and the manager of Griya Khadijah. the results of the interview will be triangulated and analyzed to get the conclusion. Secondary data were obtained through text books and relevant scientific journals. The results of this study indicate that Nazhir PUSPAS Airlangga University receives and manages productive waqf in the form of cash waqf and temporary benefit waqf from waqf in the form of a house on Kalikepiting street. The temporary waqf house is built or renovated into a khadija griya which will produce benefits for mauquf alaih (female students) in the form of student residences in which there is a program of coaching and character development for female students..Keywords: waqf, waqf Productive, Infrastructure, Nazhir , Nazhir PUSPAS Airlangga University.
A Rare Complication After Incisional Hernia Repair; Mesh Migration into the Ileum: A Case Report
Authors: ÜNAL Yılmaz , KÜÇÜK Berkay , TUNCAL Salih , PEKCİCİ Mevlüt Recep
Published: March 2021

Incisional hernia repair is often done by mesh products and the results are usually favorable. Many mesh products are designed to be used in the peritoneal cavity in conjunction with increased use of laparoscopic repairs. To prevent mesh adhesion to the underlying organs, adding a second layer containing a more inert substance is designed and many studies demonstrate its efficiency. However, some complications may occur ranging from simple seromas to mesh rejection or migration. This is a case presentation of a 74 year old female patient, who previously underwent incisional hernia repair by polypropylene mesh, and who presented to our clinics with acute abdomen.
PANKREAS KANSERİ
Authors: KOÇATAKAN Pınar , ATASEVEN Hilmi
Published: March 2021

Pankreas kanseri, dünyada yaygın kanser çeşitleri arasında 14. sırada, kansere bağlı mortalite sıralamasında 7. sırada yer almaktadır. İnsidansı giderek artmakta olup erken tanı ve tedavinin önemi büyüktür. Agresif yapısından dolayı hızlı yayılır ve ölümcül sonuçlar doğurur. Zamanında tanı konulmuş hastalarda küratif tedavi şansı cerrahi rezeksiyon (Whipple ameliyatı) ile sağlanabilir. Tedavi sonrası nükslerin görülmesi ne yazık ki sürpriz değildir. Değiştirilebilir risk faktörleri için gerekli önlemler alınmalı, riskli grupta yer alan kişilere tarama çalışmaları yapılmalıdır. Erken tanı ve tedavi için gerekli hassasiyet gösterilmesi önem arz etmektedir.
Up Regulation in Transcript Abundance of Plastidic Isoforms of Antioxidant Enzymes and Accumulation of Compatible Osmolytes Impart Tissue Tolerance to Salinity Stressed Wheat Plants
Authors: Sathee Lekshmy , Sairam Rajkumar , Chinnusamy Viswanathan
Published: March 2021

The response of salt tolerant wheat genotype (Kharchia 65), and sensitive cultivars (HD2687, HD2009, WL711) to vegetative stage salinity stress (for 4 weeks) were studied at 1.1 (control), 9.1 (S1) and 14.2 (S2) dSm-1 salinity levels. Based on relative change in Membrane stability, PSII efficiency, retention of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, Kharchia 65 showed better tolerance to salinity than other genotypes considered. To understand the role of different component mechanisms, expression of genes involved in ion exclusion, antioxidant defence and compatible osmolyte synthesis were analysed. Expression of SOS1 (plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter), NHX (vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter), Ionic (sodium exclusion) and tissue tolerance (Sodium compartmentation, compatible solute accumulation and antioxidant defence) mechanisms were analysed in leaves of the genotypes after 4 weeks of salinity stress. Expression assay and the content of respective constituents indicated that apart from the well-known ion exclusion ability, Kharchia 65 also showed high level of tissue tolerance resulting in high early vigour and maintenance of growth rate afterwards. In Kharchia 65, sensing of salinity stress at plasma membrane activates NADPH Oxidase (RBOH) genes and generate ROS at apoplast. Apoplastic ROS triggers calcium influx and activates calcium signaling genes of SOS pathway (SOS1 and NHX). ROS generated from organelles chloroplast, peroxisome and mitochondria triggers cellular oxidative burst. ROS and calcium activates MAPK genes and downstream transcription factors, NAC and bZIP. MAPK signaling induces cellular antioxidant and compatible osmolyte biosynthesis and imparts tissue tolerance to salinity.
Machine Learning-Based Pulse Wave Analysis for Early Detection of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using In Silico Pulse Waves
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Jin Weiwei , Liang Fuyou , Alastruey Jordi
Published: March 2021

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is usually asymptomatic until rupture, which is associated with extremely high mortality. Consequently, early detection of AAAs is of paramount importance in reducing mortality; however, most AAAs are detected by medical imaging incidentally. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of machine learning-based pulse wave (PW) analysis for the early detection of AAAs using a database of in silico PWs. PWs in the large systemic arteries were simulated using one-dimensional blood flow modelling. A database of in silico PWs representative of subjects (aged 55, 65 and 75 years) with different AAA sizes was created by varying the AAA-related parameters with major impacts on PWs – identified by parameter sensitivity analysis – in an existing database of in silico PWs representative of subjects without AAA. Then, a machine learning architecture for early detection of AAAs was proposed, which was trained and tested using the new in silico PW database. The parameter sensitivity analysis revealed that the AAA maximum diameter and stiffness of the large systemic arteries were the dominant AAA-related biophysical properties that significantly influence the PW. The simulated PW indexes extracted from the database showed that the PW was not only influenced by the presence of an AAA but was also significantly affected by multiple cardiovascular parameters that compromised the detection of AAAs by using individual PW indexes. Alternatively, the trained machine learning model performed well in classifying normal and AAA conditions using digital photoplethysmogram PWs from the database. These findings suggest that machine learning-based PW analysis is a promising approach for AAA screening using PW signals acquired by wearable devices.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Indonesia’s Leading Agricultural Commodities Export to India
Authors: Rosyidi Ibnu Muchtar , Irianto Heru , Purnomo Sutrisno Hadi
Published: March 2021

Indonesia's trade balance to India had been decreasing since 2013. That has been affected by the downward trend in agricultural export value of Indonesia. This problem has raised Government’s attention to increase the export performance. This research aimed to analyze the determinants of Indonesia’s leading agricultural commodities export to India. Panel data regression model was explored to analyze secondary data of the range year 2001 to 2017. The factors examined in this study were India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, Rupiah exchange rate, export price of Indonesia agricultural commodities and India’s import tariff. Model testing used the Chow, Hausman and Lagrange tests to compare and select the best model. The determinant of the variables testing used statistical and classical assumption tests. The results showed that India’s real GDP per capita has positive influence to the export value which means an increase in the purchasing power of trading partners would increase the value of exports. The Rupiah exchange rate has negative influence to the export value which means that the depreciation of rupiah to dollar causes a decrease in the export value. The export price of Indonesia’s agricultural commodities have positive influence on the export value, however the tariff has no effect. The policy that can be suggested to the government is to provide support and encourage domestic producers to increase exports to India.
Food Diversification: Strengthening Strategic Efforts to Reduce Social Inequality through Sustainable Food Security Development in Indonesia
Authors: Rahmanto Fajar , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Kasiwi Aulia Nur
Published: March 2021

Potential food resources can be utilized through food diversification as a part of the government's efforts to minimize socio-economic inequality with sustainable food security development program. The purpose of this study was to observe the role of food diversification in reducing social inequality through sustainable food security development. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with secondary data collection techniques which include data references as well as documentation related to food security development. The results showed that in Indonesia, food diversification program has an impact on increasing income, household resilience and welfare with a decrease in the number of the rural poor population of 4.7% (from 16.31 people to 15.54 people). It was positively correlated with the increase in farmers' income by (IDR) 30.37 million per capita increase (4.47%). Then, followed by the level of food security in the district area reached 80.53% (335 regions) and for urban areas amounted to 92.85% (91 regions). National food security can be achieved through maximizing the potential use of food resources at the regional level, by diversifying food based on local wisdom and optimally local resources. It can be concluded that food diversification is a policy that can be used by the government to increase community economic income and reduce poverty and social inequality.
Identifying the Factors Contributing to the Volume of Coffee Export from North Sumatra to the United States, Malaysia and Japan
Authors: Sihombing Fransisca Natalia , Supriana Tavi , Ayu Sri Fajar
Published: March 2021

The fluctuation of coffee export from North Sumatra to the three primary destination countries, including the United States, Malaysia and Japan, has never been reported simultaneously. The research was aimed to analyze the factors affecting the volume of coffee export from North Sumatra to the United States, Malaysia and Japan. The research was conducted in November 2019 until March 2020. This study employed secondary data, which were obtained from the Statistics of Sumatera Utara, International Coffee Organization, Bank Indonesia and Trading Economics in the time series of 34 years (1986 until 2019). The data were analyzed using the quantitative descriptive method with the panel data regression analysis by applying the Chow and Hausman tests with the Eviews 10 software. The analysis results show that the Free on Board (FOB) value, Indonesia Coffee Prices (ICP), Rupiah Exchange Rate (RER), Gross Domestik Product (GDP) per capita and coffee yield simultaneously and significantly affected the Coffee Export Volume (CEV) from North Sumatra to the United States, Malaysia and Japan. The FOB value, ICP and coffee yield had a partially significant positive effect on the CEV from North Sumatra to the three countries. The GDP per capita had a partially significant negative effect, while the RER did not put significant effect on the CEV. The FOB value, ICP and coffee yield are necessary to be increased for maintaining and supporting a rise in the volume of coffee export from North Sumatra.
Improving the Management of Parthenium hysterophorus to Enhance Okra Production through the Application of Chemicals, Adjuvants and Plant Extract Blends in Pakistan
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Hayyat Muhammad Sikander , Mumtaz Qaisar , Safdar Muhammad Ehsan , Rehman Fazal Ur , Ilahi Haroon , Tampubolon Koko
Published: March 2021

Vegetables are consequently experiencing great yield losses due to weed infestation. Weed management is extremely important for sustainable crop production in all cropping systems. This review paper aimed to provide general information and alternative recommendations for the management of Parthenium hysterophorus weed by chemicals, adjuvants and plant extracts in okra. Different strategies have been used to control parthenium, but no single management solution is sufficient to handle parthenium; hence, different management options need to be combined. Only an integrated approach will achieve effective control over this weed. In areas where parthenium natural enemies are absent, chemical control is an important method of managing this weed. In the control of this plant, the use of chemical herbicides such as chlorimuron ethyl, glyphosate, atrazine, ametryn, bromoxynil and metsulfuron are considered to be efficient. Moreover, various plants have allelopathic potential and attempts have been made to use them in parthenium control. Three allelopathic grasses, namely, Achyranthes aspera, Syzygium cumini and Acacia nilotica are able to minimize the plant growth and inhibit early seedling growth of exotic weed P. hysterophorus. The results recommend that the control of parthenium in okra and other summer vegetables using chemical herbicides with single and combination mode of action is still effective compared to the use of plant extracts. The use of herbicides by adding adjuvants has the potential to minimize the use of excessive herbicides.
KAPASITAS GESER BALOK BETON BERTULANG HVFA MEMADAT SENDIRI DENGAN KADAR FLY ASH 50% TERHADAP BETON NORMAL
Authors: Aryono. Ilham , Budi Agus Setiya , Saifullah Halwan Alfisa
Published: March 2021

Penggunaan material alternatif pengganti semen sebagai penyusun beton semakin banyak ditemukan. Salah satunya adalah fly ash. Fly ash adalah sisa pembakaran batubara berupa partikel halus yang mengandung banyak silica (SiO2). Kandungan silica sangat cocok untuk reaksi kimia pembentukan beton. Pada penelitian ini, kadar kandungan semen akan diganti dengan fly ash sebanyak 50% pada pembuatan balok beton bertulang baja high volume fly ash self compacting concrete (HVFA-SCC) dan dibandingkan dengan beton normal. Balok uji berukuran 10 cm x 15 cm dengan panjang 150 cm. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah uji kapasitas geser pada umur 28 hari dengan menggunakan alat uji loading frame dan memasang dial gauge di titik tengah bentang dan titik pembebanan pada 1/3 panjang balok. Hasil dari pengujian ini adalah nilai beban dan lendutan yang dapat diterima hingga mengalami keruntuhan geser. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, nilai kapasitas geser HVFA-SCC lebih besar dibandingkan beton normal, yaitu sebesar 32,125 kN untuk HVFA-SCC dan sebesar 20,500 kN untuk beton normal.

 
Yerel Yönetimler ve Erişilebilir Kentler: Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği’ne Üye Belediyeler Örneği
Authors: SÖYLEMEZ Adnan
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Küresel ölçekte yaşanan salgın ve salgın sonrası devletler tarafından uygulamaya geçirilen kısıtlamalar sonrasında erişilebilirlik kavramı daha fazla önem kazanmıştır. Kentte sunulan hizmetlere karantina veya sokağa çıkma yasağı gibi uygulamalar sonrasında erişememe durumu aslında o kentte ikamet eden dezavantajlı gruplar için yaşam boyu devam etmektedir. Bu bakımdan kentsel alanlara veya mekânlara erişememe, ulaşımda karşılaşılan kısıtlar kolaylıkla çözülebilecek ve bütçe içerisinde çok maliyetli olmayan sorunlardır. Kentsel sağlık göstergelerini belirleyerek sağlıklı kent kriterlerini belirleme amacıyla ortaya çıkan “sağlıklı şehir hareketi” ülkemizde de “Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği” kurumsal yapısıyla faaliyet yürütmektedir. Sözkonusu birliğe üye olan belediyelerin erişilebilirlik ile yürüttükleri faaliyetlerin genel durumunun ne olduğu bu araştırmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır.

Tasarım/Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı bir kent yaşamını kent bireylerine sunabilmek gayesi ile çalışmalarını sürdüren “Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği”ne üye kentlerden verilerine ulaşılabilenlerden sağlıklı kent göstergelerinden biri olan erişilebilir bir kent adına yaptıkları çalışmalar ele alınmıştır. Kentlerden elde edilen verilerle desteklenen çalışmada, erişilebilir bir kent önünde en büyük engel olarak yasal mevzuat değil yerel yönetimlerin uygulamalardan kaynaklı eksiklikleri görülmektedir.

Bulgular: Kentlerden elde edilen verilerle desteklenen çalışmada, erişilebilir bir kent önünde en büyük engel olarak yasal mevzuat değil yerel yönetimlerin uygulamalardan kaynaklı eksiklikleri görülmektedir.

Özgünlük/Değer: Diğer alanlarda yoğun olarak çalışılmasına karşın erişilebilirlik ile ilgili çalışmalar “Sağlıklı Kentler Birliği” özelinde hiç değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu bakımdan erişilebilirlik kavramına katkı sağlayabilecek sonuçlara ulaşması araştırmanın özgün değerini oluşturmaktadır.
FUTSAL DRIBBLING TRAINING MODEL WITH TOOLS FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Setiawan Asep
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study to produce a variety of futsal dribbling training models with effective and tested media for Junior High Schools (SMP). The research method used in this research is the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model using five stages and the research subjects are three futsal extracurricular trainers in Junior High Schools (SMP). This research begins with a analysis, product planning, development, implementation and evaluation. The instruments used in this study included an assessment questionnaire for experts to test the validity of the variety of futsal dribbling training models with media tools and an assessment questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of the model by futsal extracurricular trainers in Junior High Schools (SMP). The data analysis technique used in this research is the percentage descriptive analysis technique. This study produces a variety of training models that meet the established criteria, are valid and effective. Research recommendations should be made before the dissemination of the futsal dribbling training model using the media as a tool for junior high schools (SMP) to be tried again to athletes / students to make it more effective and efficient.
ANALYSIS OF BATTING CRICKET EXERCISES BEGINNERS JAKARTA’S ATHLETES U-17
Authors: Mastri Juniarto  , Rizky Nurulfa
Published: March 2021

Abstract Batting is a major component in the game of Cricket. Batting is collecting value by hitting the ball and holding the ball and running to swap places with other runners, and if the ball hits the stump then the batsman is declared out. This study discusses the analysis of batting techniques in the game of Cricket U-17 beginner athletes in DKI Jakarta. The subjects in this study were novice athletes from Jakarta U-17 athletes, who were junior high and high school students who had just joined the cricket team. The method in this research uses descriptive qualitative research. With a sample of 60 athletes who are members of the Jakarta U-17 beginner athletes. The results showed that, it showed that the category of batting training facilities and infrastructure for U-17 athletes in DKI Jakarta was 86.04% on average. These results illustrate that batting facilities and infrastructure are in very good category. Furthermore, in the category of results of the application of batting training for U-17 athletes in DKI Jakarta, it shows that the average is 74.94%. These results illustrate that the application of batting in the category is good and the results of batting for U-17 athletes in DKI Jakarta show that the average is 53.36%. These results illustrate that the batting in the category is sufficient. The results of field observations and analysis in the Batting Cricket exercise are explained as follows: 1) The results of the training that are not optimal are a form of not being properly absorbed by the Batting exercises performed by the coach. 2) The need to adjust the training program adopted from outside as well as the training model and media used in training, to suit the characteristics of the athlete. 3) Batting is the main component for all Cricket athletes. So every beginner athlete in DKI Jakarta U-17 Cricket must master the maximum technique of Batting Cricket.
Irene Zavattero (ed.), L’uomo nel pensiero di Bonaventura da Bagnoregio, Aracne, Canterano (RM) 2019 (Flumen Sapientiae. Studi sul pensiero medievale, 11), PP. 372, ISBN 9788825525922.
Authors: Manzon Tommaso
Published: March 2021

Review of: 

Irene Zavattero (ed.), L’uomo nel pensiero di Bonaventura da Bagnoregio, Aracne, Canterano (RM) 2019 (Flumen Sapientiae. Studi sul pensiero medievale, 11), PP. 372, ISBN 9788825525922.
Borges, Leibniz y la metafísica de los espejos
Authors: Gaiada Griselda
Published: March 2021

Escéptico por vocación, Borges defendió, pese al vasto reservorio filosófico que animó su obra, una concepción de la metafísica singularmente provocativa: la metafísica no es más que una rama de la literatura fantástica. A partir de esta fórmula, que prima facie parece invalidar a aquélla en sus pretensiones epistémicas, abordaremos ciertas conexiones entre las letras de Borges y las de Leibniz con relación a lo que llamaremos una ‘metafísica de los espejos’. Borges invocará a menudo el nombre de Leibniz y llevará a cabo la ‘realización literaria’ de un conjunto de tesis especialmente caras al filósofo. Aunque distantes en tiempo y lugar, un ‘diálogo’ parece producirse entre ambos en el cenáculo de una tradición común.
Iamblichus and Plutarch on Inspiration
Authors: Simonetti Elsa Giovanna
Published: March 2021

This article argues that the works of Plutarch of Chaeronea (c. 45–120 AD) exerted a significant influence on Iamblichus of Chalcis (c. 245–325 AD), with specific reference to his theory of prophetic inspiration. This analysis is expressly concerned with the works that Plutarch and Iamblichus devoted to divination: the Delphic dialogues and De mysteriis, respectively. Its objective is to show that Iamblichus was influenced by Plutarch’s works, and to understand whether he tried to emend the doctrines and arguments of his predecessor in his attempt to adapt Platonic doctrines to his own original views on theology and ritual. Exploring the connections between Plutarch and Iamblichus will also provide the opportunity to delve into the conceptual ruptures and continuities characterising the history of Platonism during the first centuries AD.
Fernando José Pancorbo, Joseph Penso De Vega, La creación de un perfil cultural y literario entre Ámsterdam y Livorno, Leo S. Olschki, Firenze 2019 (Storia dell’ebraismo in Italia. Studi e testi, 31), PP. XII + 198, ISBN 9788822266651
Authors: Elmaleh Sandrine
Published: March 2021

Review of: 

Fernando José Pancorbo, Joseph Penso De Vega, La creación de un perfil cultural y literario entre Ámsterdam y Livorno, Leo S. Olschki, Firenze 2019 (Storia dell’ebraismo in Italia. Studi e testi, 31), PP. XII + 198, ISBN 9788822266651.