bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A-Train estimates of the sensitivity of the cloud-to-rainwater ratio to cloud size, relative humidity, and aerosols
Authors: Smalley Kevin M. , Rapp Anita D.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Precipitation efficiency has been found to play an important role in constraining the sensitivity of the climate through its role in controlling cloud cover, yet its controls are not fully understood. Here
we use CloudSat observations to identify individual contiguous shallow cumulus cloud objects and compute the ratio of cloud water path to rainwater (WRR) path as a proxy for warm-rain efficiency.
Cloud objects are then conditionally sampled by cloud-top height, relative humidity, and aerosol optical depth (AOD) to analyze changes in WRR as a function of cloud size (extent).
For a fixed cloud-top height, WRR increases with extent and environmental humidity following a double power-law distribution, as a function of extent.
Similarly, WRR increases, holding average relative humidity at or below 850 mb constant.
There is little relationship between WRR and AOD when conditioned by cloud-top height, suggesting that, once rain drop formation begins, aerosols may not be as important for WRR as cloud size and depth.
Consistent with prior studies, results show an increase in WRR with sea-surface temperature. However, for a given depth and SST, WRR is also dependent on cloud size and becomes larger as cloud size increases. Given that larger objects become more frequent with increasing SST, these results imply that increasing precipitation efficiencies with SST are due not only to deeper clouds with greater cloud water contents but also to the propensity for larger clouds which may have more protected updrafts.
Spatio-temporal variations in lateral and atmospheric carbon fluxes from the Danube Delta
Authors: Maier Marie-Sophie , Teodoru Cristian R. , Wehrli Bernhard
Published: February 2021

Abstract. River deltas, with their mosaic of ponds, channels and seasonally inundated
areas, act as the last continental hot spots of carbon turnover along the
land–ocean aquatic continuum. There is increasing evidence for the important role of riparian wetlands in the transformation and emission of terrestrial carbon to the atmosphere. The considerable spatial heterogeneity of river deltas, however, forms a major obstacle for quantifying carbon emissions and their seasonality. The water chemistry in the river reaches is defined by the upstream catchment, whereas delta lakes and channels are dominated by local processes such as aquatic primary production, respiration or lateral exchange with the wetlands. In order to quantify carbon turnover and emissions in the complex mosaic of the Danube Delta, we conducted monthly field campaigns over 2 years at 19 sites spanning river reaches, channels and lakes. Here we report on the greenhouse gas fluxes (CO2 and CH4) from the freshwater systems of the Danube Delta and present the first seasonally resolved estimates of its freshwater carbon emissions to the atmosphere. Furthermore, we quantify the lateral carbon transport of the Danube River to the Black Sea. We estimate the delta's CO2 and CH4 emissions to be 65 GgC yr−1 (30–120 GgC yr−1, a range calculated using 25 to 75 percentiles of observed fluxes), of which about 8 % are released as CH4. The median CO2 fluxes from river branches, channels and lakes are 25, 93 and 5.8 mmol m−2 d−1, respectively. Median total CH4 fluxes amount to 0.42, 2.0 and 1.5 mmol m−2 d−1. While lakes do have the potential to act as CO2 sinks in summer, they are generally the largest emitters of CH4. Small channels showed the largest range in emissions, including a CO2 and CH4 hot spot sustained by adjacent wetlands. Thereby, the channels contribute disproportionately to the delta's emissions,
considering their limited surface area. In terms of lateral export, we
estimate the net total export (the sum of dissolved inorganic carbon, DIC, dissolved organic carbon, DOC, and particulate organic carbon, POC) from the Danube Delta to the Black Sea to be about 160 ± 280 GgC yr−1, which only marginally increases the carbon load from the upstream river catchment (8490 ± 240 GgC yr−1) by about 2 %. While this contribution from the delta seems small, deltaic carbon yield (45.6 gC m−2 yr−1; net export load/surface area) is about 4 times higher than the riverine carbon yield from the catchment (10.6 gC m−2 yr−1).
A multi-source 120-year U.S. flood database with a unified common
format and public access
Authors: Li Zhi , Chen Mengye , Gao Shang , Gourley Jonathan J. , Yang Tiantian , Shen Xinyi , Kolar Randall , Hong Yang
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Despite several flood databases available in the U.S., there is a benefit to combine and reconcile these diverse data sources into a comprehensive flood database with a unified common format and easy public access in order to facilitate flood-related research and applications. Typically, floods are reported by specialists or media according to their socioeconomic impacts. Recently, data-driven analysis can reconstruct flood events based on in-situ and/or remote-sensing data. Lately, with the increasing engagement of citizen scientists, there is the potential to enhance flood reporting in near-real-time. The central objective of this study is to integrate information from seven popular multi-sourced flood databases into a comprehensive flood database in the U.S., made readily available to the public in a common data format. Natural Language Processing, geocoding, and harmonizing processing steps are undertaken to facilitate such development. In total, there are 695,808 flood records in the U.S. from 1900 to the present. The database features event locations, durations, date/times, socioeconomic impacts (e.g., fatalities and economic damages), and geographic information (e.g., elevation, slope, contributing area, and land cover types retrieved from ancillary data for given flood locations). Finally, this study utilizes the flood database to analyse flood seasonality within major basins, and socioeconomic impacts over time. It is anticipated that thus far the most comprehensive yet unified database can support a variety of flood-related research, such as a validation resource for hydrologic or hydraulic simulations, hydroclimatic studies concerning spatiotemporal patterns of floods, and flood susceptibility analysis for vulnerable geophysical locations. The dataset is publicly available with the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4547036.
Assessing Chinese flood protection and its social divergence
Authors: Wang Dan , Scussolini Paolo , Du Shiqiang
Published: February 2021

Abstract. China is one of the most flood-prone countries, and development within
floodplains is intensive. However, flood protection levels (FPLs) across the
country are mostly unknown, hampering the present assertive efforts on flood
risk management. Based on the flood-protection prescriptions contained in the
national flood policies, this paper develops a dataset of likely FPLs for
China and investigates the protection granted to different demographic
groups. The new dataset corresponds to local flood protection designs in 91
(53.2 %) of the 171 validation counties, and in 154 counties
(90.1 %) it is very close to the designed FPLs. This suggests that
the policy-based FPLs could be a valuable proxy for designed FPLs in
China. The FPLs are significantly higher than previously estimated in the
FLOPROS (FLOod PROtection Standards) global dataset, suggesting that Chinese flood risk was probably
overestimated. Relatively high FPLs (return period of ≥50 years) are seen in
282 or only 12.6 % of the evaluated 2237 counties, which host a
majority (55.1 %) of the total exposed population. However,
counties with low FPLs (return period of <50 years) host a disproportionate
share (52.3 %) of the exposed vulnerable population (children and
elders), higher than their share (44.9 %) of the exposed
population. These results imply that to reduce social vulnerability and
decrease potential casualties, investment in flood risk management should
also consider the demographic characteristics of the exposed population.
Crustal structure of southeast Australia from teleseismic receiver functions
Authors: Bello Mohammed , Cornwell David G. , Rawlinson Nicholas , Reading Anya M. , Likkason Othaniel K.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. In an effort to improve our understanding of the seismic
character of the crust beneath southeast Australia and how it relates to
the tectonic evolution of the region, we analyse teleseismic earthquakes
recorded by 24 temporary and 8 permanent broadband stations using the
receiver function method. Due to the proximity of the temporary stations to
Bass Strait, only 13 of these stations yielded usable receiver functions,
whereas seven permanent stations produced receiver functions for subsequent
analysis. Crustal thickness, bulk seismic velocity properties, and internal
crustal structure of the southern Tasmanides – an assemblage of Palaeozoic
accretionary orogens that occupy eastern Australia – are constrained by
H–κ stacking and receiver function inversion, which point to the following:
a ∼ 39.0 km thick crust; an intermediate–high Vp/Vs ratio
(∼ 1.70–1.76), relative to ak135; and a broad (> 10 km) crust–mantle transition beneath the Lachlan Fold Belt. These results are
interpreted to represent magmatic underplating of mafic materials at the
base of the crust. a complex crustal structure beneath VanDieland, a
putative Precambrian continental fragment embedded in the southernmost
Tasmanides, that features strong variability in the crustal thickness (23–37 km) and Vp/Vs ratio (1.65–193), the latter of which likely represents
compositional variability and the presence of melt. The complex origins of
VanDieland, which comprises multiple continental ribbons, coupled with
recent failed rifting and intraplate volcanism, likely contributes to these
observations. stations located in the East Tasmania Terrane and
eastern Bass Strait (ETT + EB) collectively indicate a crust of uniform
thickness (31–32 km), which clearly distinguishes it from VanDieland to the
west.
Moho depths are also compared with the continent-wide AusMoho model in
southeast Australia and are shown to be largely consistent, except in
regions where AusMoho has few constraints (e.g. Flinders Island). A joint
interpretation of the new results with ambient noise, teleseismic tomography,
and teleseismic shear wave splitting anisotropy helps provide new insight
into the way that the crust has been shaped by recent events, including
failed rifting during the break-up of Australia and Antarctica and recent
intraplate volcanism.
Analytical study of the impact of Customer knowledge management on improving the performance of Algerian economic institutions Case Study: Ooredoo Communications
Authors:   University of Boumerdés, Algeria, Chabani Abd Elmadjid , Ahmad Bin Khalifa ,   University of El-oued, Algeria
Published: February 2021

The study was designed to test the relationship between customer knowledge management and company performance, and then to demonstrate the impact of customer knowledge management philosophy on improving the performance of the company (Ooredoo). The study was conducted using two complementary methods: the first method was a documentary (descriptive) and the performance of the company. The second method was an analytical survey by means of an exploratory study through the questionnaire as a data collection tool. The truth coefficient was measured as a high degree of stability was achieved for a sample of 115 individuals. The data was analyzed using the statistical package (SPSS.V19) and counting tools Vision descriptive. One of the findings is that the National Telecommunications Company of Algeria (Ooredoo) has an average level of customer knowledge management and a high level of performance compared to its competitors. There is a statistically significant impact of customer knowledge management on the performance of the National Telecommunications Company Algeria (Ooredoo). This is based on the dimensions adopted in the study model.
Protection of National Sovereignty and Hindering Foreign Investment
Authors:   Badji Mokhtar University-ANNABA, Algeria, Berrahlia Badreddine
Published: February 2021

The article explores the recent debate regarding the rules of sovereignty and the need to acquire technology through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in relation to the Algerian Business Law. The article explores the 51/49 rule as an obligatory condition for direct international partnerhip projects, which requires a majority of Algerian ownership of at least 51 percent in all foreign direct investment projects (FDIP). The current research also investigates the impact of the 51/49 rule on the inflows of the foreign direct investments in Algeria as well as some other countries. The research concludes that there is no evidence that the amendment of the 51/49 rule would lead to technology transfer through the FDI.
PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR BONGGOL PISANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN BUNCIS
Authors: Anugrah Teguh Elok , Mambuhu Nurmasyitah
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis terbaik yang akan di rekomendasikan kepada petani dalam pengaplikasian pupuk organik cair bonggol pisang dalam upaya peningkatan hasil produksi tanaman buncis.Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan Maret 2020 di lahan pertanian masyarakat tepatnya di Desa Manyula Kecamatan Kintom Kabupaten Banggai, dengan metode percobaan faktorial dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 taraf perlakuan, yaitu: P0 = Kontrol; P1 = Konsentrasi 20 ml POC bonggol pisang/ liter air; P2 = Konsentrasi 40 ml POC bonggol pisang/ liter air; P3 = Konsentrasi 60 ml POC bonggol pisang/ liter air; P4 = Konsentrasi 80 ml POC bonggol pisang/ liter air. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak lima kali sehingga terdapat dua puluh lima unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian bahwa pengaruh pupuk organik cair bonggol pisang memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan panjang tanaman akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata untuk perlakuan P1, P2, P3 dan P4 akan tetapi keempat perlakuan tersebut berbeda nyata dengan P0. Untuk produksi tidak berpengaruh nyata dan tidak berbeda nyata untuk semua perlakuan terhadap jumlah daun, jumlah polong, panjang polong dan berat polong. Perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada P2 ( konsentrasi 40 ml POC bonggol pisang/ liter air).
PENGARUH GAJI, BONUS, DAN FASILITAS TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. BANK SULSELBAR KANTOR PUSAT MAKASSAR
Authors: Maryadi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh gaji, bonus, fasilitas terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan pada PT. Bank Sulselbar Kantor Pusat Makassar. Pada penelitian ini yang menjadi populasi adalah seluruh karyawan pada PT. Bank Sulselbar Kantor Pusat Makassar. Untuk kantor pusat PT. Bank Sulselbar memiliki 189 karyawan yang terbagi atas 175 pegawai organik dan 14 pegawai kontrak. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Slovin. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, koesioner, dan studi dokumentasi. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Metode analisis data dengan menggunakan SPSS, Multiple Linear Regression/Regresi Linear Berganda, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan uji Hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Gaji mempunyai pengaruh yang positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan. Hal tersebut dilihat dari tanggapan responden bahwa masih ada bebarapa responden yang masih belum puas dengan gaji yang didapatkan dan berharap gaji yang diberikan bisa dinaikkan lagi untuk mencukupi kebutuhan mereka sehingga dapat meningkatkan motivasi mereka dalam bekerja, (2) Bonus mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan. Hal tersebut dilihat dari tanggapan responden bahwa dengan adanya tambahan bonus yang diberikan mereka dapat memiliki motivasi kerja yang tinggi. Dengan begitu kebutuhan mereka tercukupi dengan adanya tambahan bonus diluar gaji yang telah diberikan, (3) Fasilitas mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan. Hal tersebut dilihat dari tanggapan responden bahwa dengan adanya fasilitas yang nyaman dalam bekerja maka mereka dapat memiliki motivasi kerja yang tinggi
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KOMPETENSI SOSIAL GURU DI SMA NEGERI 11 MAKASSAR
Authors: Dahlan
Published: February 2021

Pengaruh Kompetensi Manajerial Sekolah Terhadap Kompetensi Sosial Guru Di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah terhadap kompetensi sosial guru di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kuantitatif dengan populasi seluruh guru di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar yang berjumlah 74 orang. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis inferensial dengan uji normalitas data, product moment, dan analisis regresi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk tingkat kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah SMA Negeri 11 Makassar berada dalam kategori baik, dilihat dari aspek kemampuan konseptual, kemampuan manusiawi, dan kemampuan teknik, untuk tingkat kompetensi sosial guru di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar berada dalam kategori baik, dilihat dari aspek adaptasi, komunikasi, dan interaksi, sehingga terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara kompetensi manajerial kepala sekolah dengan kompetensi sosial guru di SMA Negeri 11 Makassar.
PERANAN KOMUNIKASI PEMERINTAHAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMBANGUNAN PADA KAMPUNG INSUMBREI DISTRIK KEPULAUAN ARURI KABUPATEN SUPIORI
Authors: Iswahyudi
Published: February 2021

Komunikasi sangat penting dalam pemerintahan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan komunikasi pemerintahan dalam meningkatkan pembangunan pada Kampung Insumbrei. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriktif kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan seperti; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran komunikasi pemerintahan pada kampung insumbrei masih belum efektif. Namun hal itu tidak menjadi kendala serius bagi pemerintah kampung dalam membangun dan meningkatkan pembangunan kampung insumbrei. Kepala Kampung memiliki peran penting dalam proses pembangunan di Kampung Insumbrei Distrik Kepulauan Aruri Kabupaten Supiori.
PERAN MEDIA KOMUNIKASI LEMBAGA PENYIARAN PUBLIK (LPP) RRI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEPEDULIAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP HIV/AIDS DI KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR
Authors: Muhammad Ridwan Yunus
Published: February 2021

Hubungan antara lingkungan hidup dengan komunikasi dapat dipandang dalah dua hal. Secara luas, manusia berkomunikasi karena perlu mengadakan hubungan dengan lingkungannya. Sementara secara langsung manusia sebenarnya menyangkut atau bertitik tolak pada informasi tentang lingkungannya. Berkaitan dengan Undang Undang No. 23 Tahun 1997 tentang Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, komunikasi akan makin berarti bagi seseorang jikalau informasi yang disampaikan makin terkait dengan lingkungan orang itu. Disinilah peran penting Lembaga Penyiaran Publik (LPP) RRI, dan radio swasta adalah dalam rangka menumbuhkan dan mengembangkan kesadaran lingkungan sehingga membentuk sikap mental masyarakat agar dapat berperan secara aktif dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan umumnya dan terhadap kesadaran untuk aktif menjaga kelestarian lingkungan khususnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Lembaga Penyiaran Publik (LPP) RRI Biak bertujuan untuk mengamati peningkatkan kpedulian kesehatan masyarakat terhadap pencegahan HIV/AIDS di kota Biak. Penelitian ini dijabarkan secara deskriftif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi menggunakan sumber data secara primer dan skunder yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan tekhnik reduksi, penyajian dan penerikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai peran serta upaya Lembaga Penyiaran Publik (LPP) RRI Biak dalam upaya meningkatkan kepedulian generasi muda bebas dari narkoba dan HIV/AIDS di daerah Kabupaten Biak Numfor maka dapat dilakukan melalui (i) program-program siaran, pengadaan event-event dan penyuluhan, serta peringatan hari anti narkoba, (ii) mendengarkan dan ikut aktif menanggapi siaran radio berkaitan dengan masalah narkoba dan HIV/AIDS dan telah dilaksanakan secara berkesinambungan, (iii) sosialisasi melalui penyuluhan tentang pencegahan dan penanggulangan, (iv) bekerjasama dengan pihak BNK dan Dinas Kesehatan dalam kegiatan tulisan ilmiah mengenai narkoba maupun pada pemilihan duta anti narkoba Paser setiap tahunnya.
POLA PERKAWINAN ISLAM ALAWIYYIN DI KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Abd Asis
Published: February 2021

Pola perkawinan pada Islam fam Alawiyyin menjadi tradisi menjaga nasab atau keturunan di kalangan mereka, aturan perkawinan endogami terutama pada perempuan (syarifah) ini menjadi nilai tersendiri yang mengikat secara normatif sehingga perkawinan eksogami dianggap sebagai pelanggaran nilai atau tradisi . penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriftif kualitatif dengan tipe fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: wawancara mendalam (indepht interview), observasi non partisipan, dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh Islam fam alawiyyin yang ada di kabupaten Maros dengan teknik penentuan Informan menggunakan metode purposive sampling atau sampel bertujuan. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menelusuri secara mendalam interpretasi pelaku perkawinan eksogami, pelaku perkawinan endogami, terhadap perkawinan sekufu’(setara) dan bagaimana eksistensi pola perkawinan sekufu pada Islam fam Alawiyyin di kabupaten Maros. Dalam penelitian ini Pelaku eksogami di kalangan perempuan Alawiyyin tetap menyesali keputusan untuk menikah keluar di kalangan mereka. Aturan ini adalah tradisi yang mengikat dan harus ditaati, akan tetapi pengetahuan dan pendidikan yang kurang akan nilai-nilai tersebut mengakibatkan mereka dengan mudah menyimpang dari aturan perkawinan sekufu’. Para pelaku perkawinan endogami bertahan dengan pola perkawinan sekufu’ oleh karena masih kuatnya sosialisasi dari orang-orang tua mereka selain itu rasa hormat dan patuh pada orang tua membuat mereka bertahan dengan tradisi perkawinan sekufu’. Mengenai eksistensi pola perkawinan rumpun Alawiyyin di kabupaten Maros masih bertahan dengan sistem endogami, tindakan pernikahan endogami menunjukan adanya pilihan dan proses pertimbangan yang dilakukan. Sehingga meskipun terdapat beberapa pelaku eksogami akan tetapi perkawinan endogami masih mendominasi.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE DAN RISIKO TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN MAKANAN, FARMASI DAN TEKSTIL DI BURSA EFEK JAKARTA TAHUN 1998, 1999 & 2000
Authors: Sigalingging Andy Sahat Maasi
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh leverage terhadap harga saham dan risiko, yang dilakukan pada tiga sektor industri masing-masing: sektor makanan, sektor farmasi, dan sektor tekstil yang telah go publik dari tahun 1998 sampai tahun 2000. Seperti diketahui leverage merupakan cara pembiayaan perusahaan yang menggunakan hutang, yang dapat mempengaruhi harga saham dan risiko perusahaan. Semakin besar hutang suatu perusahaan diduga akam meningkatkat risiko perusahaan tersebut akibat besarnya beban bunga. Hal ini menjadi penting bagi investor dalam menganalisis hara saham karena investor tidak ingin mengalami kerugian dalam investasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan path analisis dengan 3 variabel endogen yaitu : Debt Rasio, Debt Equity Rasio dan Times Interest Earned dan 2 variabel endogen yaitu : Harga Saham dan Beta (Risiko), selain itu diakhir penelitian dilakukan uji beda leverage antara masing-masing sektor industri dengan menggunakan analisa varians (anova).
IMPLIKASI PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP PERADABAN DAN KOMUNIKASI ANTAR MANUSIA
Authors: Mohamad Sudi
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan Teknologi Komunikasi adalah aplikasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang digunakan manusia dalam mengalirkan informasi atau pesan dengan tujuan untuk membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan antar manusia agar tercapai tujuan komunikasi. Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi berawal dari kemajuan dibidang komputerisasi. Pengguanaan komputer pada masa awal untuk sekedar menulis, membuat grafik dan gambar serta alat menyimpan data yang luar biasa telah berubah menjadi alat komunikasi dengan jaringan yang lunak dan bisa mencakup seluruh dunia. Dengan kemajuan teknologi maka proses interaksi antar manusia mampu menjangkau lapisan masyarakat dibelahan dunia manapun menjadi semakin terbuka. Teknologi ini akan berimplikasi secara multikompleks padaperadaban, termasuk mengubah komunikasi antar manusia menjadi lebih dikonvergentif
PERILAKU ANGGOTA DPRD DALAM PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI PENGAWASAN DI KOTA SORONG
Authors: Amiruddin Matutu
Published: February 2021

Salah satu fungsi dewan yang sentral menjadi perhatian dan pembicaraan semua kalangan adalah fungsi pengawasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fungsi pengawasan DPRD kota Sorong dalam pembangunan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan analisis deskritif kualitatif, dimana deskriptif kualitatif adalah upaya menganalisa data dengan cara mendeskripsikan atau menggambarkan data yang telah terkumpul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola interaksi legislatif dan eksekutif dalam melaksanakan fungsi pengawasan pembangunan dapat berjalan berimbang jika anggota legislatif dan eksekutif memiliki kapasitas yang seimbang.
PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP ADAT PERKAWINAN SUKU BIAK DI KAMPUNG YENDIDORI DISTRIK YENDIDORI KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR
Authors: Loppies Imelda Jaqualine
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat terhadap adat perkawinan suku biak di kampung yendidori distrik yendidori kabupaten biak numfor. Data penelitian di analisis dengan cara pendekatan kualitatif. Data kualititatif diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada informan., sedangkan analisisi kualitatifnya menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tanggapan dari masyarakat terhadap tata cara adat perkawinan pada suku biak ini sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik, tetapi ada sebagian yang merasa keberatan terhadap adat perkawinan mas kawin karena kadang ada pihak perempuan yang meminta mas kawin yang berlebihan sehingga dari pihak lai-laki tidak sanggup untuk memenuhinya.
FUNGSI KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM PENINGKATAN KINERJA APARAT KAMPUNG KAJASBO DISTRIK BIAK TIMUR KABUPATEN BIAK NUMFOR
Authors: Djamil Hasim
Published: February 2021

Kepemimpinan menyangkut orang lain, bawahan atau pengikut, kesediaan mereka untuk menerima pengarahan dari pemimpin, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fungsi kepemimpinan dalam peningkatan kinerja aparat kampung Kajasbo Distrik Biak Timur. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriktif kualitatif, Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan seperti; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Fungsi Kepemimpinan dalam fungsi ini kepala kampung kajasbo menjalankan perannya sebagai kepala kampung terus melakukan motivasi kepada aparat yang di temuinya dan mengawasi kemajuan aparat serta memberikan pengarahan yang efektif bagi aparat nya. Fungsi kepemimpinan dalam fungsi ini kepala kampung yang bertangung jawab untuk memotivasi dan mengarahkan bawahan/aparat.
EFEKTIVITAS KINERJA PEGAWAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PADA KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA (KUA) KECAMATAN BIAK KOTA
Authors: Karina Arfany Arfah
Published: February 2021

Efektivitas dapat diukur melalui berhasil tidaknya suatu organisasi mencapai tujuan-tujuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Efektivitas Kinerja Pegawai Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Pada Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Biak Kota Kabupaten Biak Numfor. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan seperti; observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kinerja pegawai pada Kantor Urusan Agama sudah berjalan dengan baik. Karena regulasi dari peraturan Kantor Urusan Agama adalah terwujudnya pelayanan yang efektif dan mengutamakan kepuasan masyarakat. Peningkatan Pelayanan pada Kantor Urusan Agama.
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN DISIPLIN PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL (PNS) DI LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Hermanu Iriawan
Published: February 2021

Hakekat pembangunan pada dasarnya adalah suatu usaha yang secara sadar terus menerus yang dilakukan untuk terjadinya perubahan dari keadaan yang kurang baik menjadi lebih baik, atau tidak ada menjadi ada, yang mempunyai tujuan menuju tercapainya masyarakat adil dan makmur secara materiil dan spritual secara merata dan menyeluruh di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.

Membangun sumber daya manusia (SDM) tidaklah mudah. Dalam masyarakat modern seperti sekarang ini, terlebih lagi dalam era globalisasi, menghadapi tantangan dan persaingan dalam dunia kerja adalah sebagai kewajaran dan keharusan.

Salah satu tolak ukur keberhasilan membangun sumber daya manusia di lingkungan pemerintahan daerah adalah membangun disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS).

Banyak hal yang menyebabkan tingkat disiplin PNS di lingkungan Pemerintahan Daerah masih terbilang rendah, hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai latar belakang yang dimiliki seseorang PNS seperti : pendidikan, ekonomi, sosial budaya, motivasi dan lain-lainnya.
EPICTETO E O OS ESTOICOS: UMA ONTOLOGIA DA SUPERFÍCIE
Authors: Dinucci Aldo
Published: February 2021

Após apresentar sumariamente algumas teorias estoicas, refletiremos sobre reflexões de Deleuze concernentes à noção de acontecimento e o estoicismo, mostrando que nos estoicos e, em particular, em Epicteto, vemos se desenrolar uma ontologia da superfície que valoriza epistemicamente o fluxo do sensível e é, em termos éticos, um convite ao maravilhamento diante do mundo.
Epicteto, Diatribes 2.1 a 2.6
Authors: Dinucci Aldo , Lopes Fernanda Lopes , Lins e Silva Carlos Enéas Moraes
Published: February 2021

Epicteto, filósofo estoico do século I d.C., foi escravo de Epafrodito, que era secretário imperial de Nero e Domiciano. Apesar de sua condição, pôde frequentar as aulas de Musônio Rufo. Mais tarde, após ser liberto, fundou uma escola em Roma, que não perdurou por muito tempo, pois Domiciano expulsou os filósofos da cidade em 89 d.C. Epicteto foi, então, para Nicópolis, em Éfira, onde fundou outra escola estoica, contando com muitos alunos, entre eles importantes figuras do Império Romano.
LINGUAGEM E ENATIVISMO
Authors: Silva Marcos , Cavalcanti Iana , Mota Hugo
Published: February 2021

Language does not have to be held as a problem for radical enactivists. The scope objection usually presented to criticize enactivist explanations is a problem only if we have a referentialist and representationalist view of the nature of language. Here we present a normative hypothesis for the great question concerning the hard problem of content, namely, on how linguistic practices develop from minds without content. We carry representational content when we master inferential relations and we master inferential relations when we master normative relations, especially when we are introduced into frameworks of authorizations and prohibitions. Inspired by the anti-intellectualism of the later Wittgenstein and Brandom’s inferentialism, we present the hypothesis that language emerges from inferentially articulated action from normative elements and not from manipulation in internal mental states of contents fixed by reference to external things.
EPICTETO, DIATRIBE 3.11: NOTAS ESPARSAS
Authors: Dinucci Aldo
Published: February 2021

Abaixo a seguir minha tradução de trabalho das Diatribes de Epicteto 2.8, 2.9 e 2.10. Carlos Enéas de Moraes revisou a diatribe 2.8 cotejando com o texto grego. Joelson do Nascimento revisou as diatribes 2.9 e 2.10 do mesmo modo. Vanessa Cordeiro fez a revisão final do texto em português. Realizei a tradução diretamente a partir do texto grego, seguindo a edição de Schenkl (1916). As traduções de George Long, Souilhé e Hard foram consultadas.
EPICTETO: TESTEMUNHOS E FRAGMENTOS
Authors: Dinucci Aldo , Julien Alfredo , De Hierápolis Epicteto , Arriano Flávio , Joly Fábio Duarte
Published: February 2021

Traducao bilingue dos fragmentos de Epicteto, com artigos de Alfredo Julien (doutor em historia pela USP), Fabio Duarte Joly (doutor em historia pela USP) e Aldo Dinucci (doutor em filosofia pela PUC/RJ). Texto publicado em 2008 pela Editora da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Os fragmentos sao traduzidos por Dinucci e Julien, e anotados por Dinucci.
Estimates of infection and mortality from COVID-19 in care homes for older people in Brazil
Authors: Wachholz Patrick Alexander , Moreira Virgilio Garcia , Oliveira Déborah , Watanabe Helena Akemi Wada , Boas Paulo José Fortes Villas
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE: To describe infection and mortality rates associated with COVID-19 in older people living in Brazilian care homes. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using primary and secondary data sources. Nationwide care home administrators were invited to report, via an online questionnaire, the occurrence of infection and mortality associated with COVID-19 from April to August 2020. State Public Prosecutor Offices, State Health Departments, and the Unified Social Security System were also contacted for information. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Data were collected from 2154 care homes located in 14 states, covering 59 878 older residents. The incidence rate of COVID-19 was 6.57%, and 883 deaths were recorded in the period, with a case-fatality rate of 22.44%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence and mortality rates observed in this study were lower than those observed in other (high-income) countries. Data sources related to COVID-19 outbreaks in Brazilian care homes are currently limited to self-report. Structuring and systematizing data recording and reporting in these settings is essential to better understand the spread of the virus and to protect care home residents in Brazil.
The Causality Relationship Between Financial Sector Profitability and the Botswana Economy
Authors: Kubanji Tebogo Tshepo , Biza-Khupe Simangaliso , Mapharing Mogotsinyana
Published: February 2021

Previous research has lamented on both the importance and the symbiotic relationship between financial sector performance and the state of a country’s economy. Findings of these studies are generally in concert in that the performance of the financial sector is intertwined with macroeconomic indicators. There is, however, a difference in opinion on the precise nature of the relationship between these sets of variables. This difference of opinion has led to the development of three parallel strands of theory: demand-driven relationship; supply-driven relationship; and economic developmental stage. To the extent that an understanding of the precise nature of the relationship between these critical variables would promote economic growth, it was found imperative to investigate the phenomenon in the context of a developing economy. This paper examines the causal relationship between the financial sector index and GDP in Botswana. The study uses data over a period of 10 years (2003-2013). This study timeframe is significant because previous research does not incorporate the critical periods in financial markets history over which the global economy experienced the economic cycle of the boom years (2003-2006), followed by a recession (2007-2010) and finally the recovery period (2010 and beyond). This financial cycle provides a unique opportunity for new insights into how financial sector performance relates to the economy. The findings are suggestive of an existence of a stable long-run relationship between the financial sector and the economy. In addition, the results show that the economy granger-cause the financial sector index with no reverse causality observed. Policy implications of these findings are discussed in the paper.
RECONHECIMENTO DE FALHAS ESTRUTURAIS UTILIZANDO SISTEMA IMUNOLOGICO ARTIFICIAL WAVELET
Authors: Roberto  Chavarette Fábio , Outa Roberto , Feliciani  Merizio Igor , Carreta  Moro Thiago , Silva  Frutuoso  de  Souza Simone , Parra  dos  Anjos Lima Fernando
Published: February 2021

This work presents a novel approach for monitoring the structural integrity of a dynamic rotor basead in a intelligent methodology combined with a mathematical transform, the Wavelet artificial immune system. The combination of the artificial immune system with the Wavelet transform generates an innovative tool to perform the identification, localization and classification of structural failures. Through this methodology, industrial machine designs are developed to meet these needs, reducing failures and anticipating errors found in operating machines. An emergingarea of machine designs are rotating machines also called dynamic rotors, which are applied to aircraft turbines, steam turbines for the production of electrical energy, turbo-compressors, among others. To validate this methodology, experimental data are collected, and from this, different situations (normal condition and fault conditions) are generated, obtaining a database of signals, which were analyzed by the proposed method. The results obtained by the Wavelet Artificial Immune System are efficient and robust.
Intelligent Fault Detection, Diagnosis and Health Evaluation for Industrial Robots
Authors: HSU Huan-Kun , TING Hsiang-Yuan , HUANG Ming-Bao , HUANG Han-Pang
Published: February 2021

The focus of this study is development of an intelligent fault detection, diagnosis and health evaluation system for real industrial robots. The system uses principal component analysis based statistical process control with Nelson rules for online fault detection. Several suitable Nelson rules are chosen for sensitive detection. When a variation is detected, the system performs a diagnostic operation to acquire features of the time domain and the frequency domain from the motor encoder, motor current sensor and external accelerometer for fault diagnosis with a multi-class support vector machine. Additionally, a fuzzy logic based robot health index generator is proposed for evaluating the health of the robot, and the generator is an original design to reflect the health status of the robot. Finally, several real aging-related faults are implemented on a six-axis industrial robot, DRV90L7A6213N by Delta Electronics, and the proposed system is validated effectively by the experimental results.
Influence of Imperfections on Behaviour of Thin-walled Steel-concrete Composite Columns
Authors: MARTINAVIČIUS Deividas , AUGONIS Mindaugas
Published: February 2021

This paper presents experimental and numerical analysis of the composite steel-concrete columns. Three columns are tested experimentally. Overall forty-eight FE models are created. Sixteen different models for every experimental column are analysed to evaluate the influence of the different types of imperfections. It was found that the imperfections reduced the resistance of the composite columns by up to 10 %. Limiting the geometrical imperfection amplitudes to B/200, the steel profile effective cross-sectional area reduction by up to 23 % was observed, while the critical buckling stress was reduced by up to 74 %. Expressions for the calculation of the effective cross-sectional area ratio and critical buckling stress are proposed.
AUTOMATED DECISION MAKING IN ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE – MYTH OR REALITY?
Authors: Zoran R. Jovanovic  , Andonović Stefan
Published: February 2021

In this paper the authors analyze the possibility of automated decision making in the administrative procedure, as one of the aspects of the development of e-administration. Services of e-administration are developing and expanding to numerous aspects of administrative work, with administrative decision-making being one of the most important and intriguing aspect. Having that in mind, the authors defined the term automated decision making and researched the question whether the legal framework of the Republic of Serbia enables the implementation of new, digital forms of administrative decision making. For that purpose, relevant provisions of the Law on General Administrative Procedure, the Law on Electronic Government and the Law on Personal Data Protection have been analyzed. The authors identified the situations of general administrative procedure within which it would be possible to consider practically, and in the near future normatively as well, the introduction of an automated decision making in the administrative procedure. A lesser portion of the paper is dedicated to the prerequisites and risks related to human rights and liberties when it comes to automated decision making in the administrative procedure.
La construcción teórica del objeto en Trabajo Social: un análisis empírico basado en la formación de segundo ciclo
Authors: Álvarez-Pérez Pablo , Ferreira Jorge Manuel
Published: February 2021

El objeto de estudio del Trabajo Social ha sido elaborado tradicionalmente desde una matriz de profesión de intervención social, y sólo en la última década del siglo XX se comenzó a construir a través de una matriz basada en investigación. Así, este artículo procura profundizar en la construcción teórica del su objeto de estudio utilizando como metodología un análisis de frecuencia y contingencia de las palabras clave de 132 TFM en Trabajo Social de ISCTE-Instituto Universitario de Lisboa entre 2009 y 2017, sistematizándolas bajo categorías creadas ad hoc. Los resultados muestran que en la actualidad el objeto de estudio del Trabajo Social asume nuevos indicadores tales como la práctica reflexiva, ética y deontología o derechos humanos, aunque existe una continuidad en el estudio de las categorías clásicas (infancia, familia, vejez, etc.). El artículo discute las implicaciones de estos elementos para la construcción del objeto de estudio de Trabajo Social. Social Work’ object of study has traditionally been elaborated from a social intervention profesión matrix, being that only in the last decade of the twentieth century began to be built through a research-based knowledge matrix. Thus, this article seeks to deepen the theoretical construction of the object of study of Social Work using as a methodology a frequency and contingency keywords analysis of 132 Social Work Dissertations of ISCTE-University Institute of Lisbon between 2009 and 2017, systematizing them into ad hoc categories that were created. The results show that currently the object of study of Social Work assumes new indicators such as reflective practice, ethics and deontology or human rights, although there is continuity in the study of the classic categories (childhood, family, old age, etc.). The article discusses the implications of these elements for the construction of the Social Work study object.
Data on the push out bond strength of three different root canal treatment sealers
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry &Endodontics, Hazribagh college of dental sciences & hospital, Jharkhand, India, Kurup Deepak
Published: February 2021

It is of interest to document data on the push – out bond strength of three different root canal treatment sealers such as MTA Fillapex (MTA based), AH plus (Epoxy Resin based) and Apexit plus (Calcium hydroxide based). Forty-five freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors with closed apices were selected randomly. All the teeth were sectioned at cement-enamel junction using a diamond disc before starting the root canal preparation to obtain root length of 12 mm. All teeth were instrumented using ProTaper rotary instruments. 5.25% sodium hypoclorite was used for irrigation between instrumentation followed by 17% EDTA, and final rinse by saline. Obturation procedures were done using the gutta-percha single cone technique. 45 roots were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 for obturation with gutta-percha cones and 1 of the 3 sealers (n=15). Group 1 = MTA Fillapex sealer + gutta-percha: Group 2 = AH plus sealer + gutta-percha: Group 3 = Apexit plus sealer + gutta-percha. The roots were sectioned horizontally to its canal into 3 sections: Coronal, Mid-root and Apical-thirds using a precision cutting machine, with a thickness of 3 mm. The specimens were subjected to push-out test using a universal testing machine that carried a plunger. The loading speed was 1mm/min until the dislodgment of the material occurred. The independent t- test was used to compare the mean scores among the study groups. The level of significance was set at 5% for all tests. After the push-out bond strength test, each sample was evaluated under stereomicroscope (40x) to determine the mode of failure and recorded as one of the following categories: adhesive, cohesive or mixed. The observations thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using Student - t test. AH Plus showed significantly higher values than MTA Fillapex and Apexit plus (p < 0.05). Amongst the push-out bond strength AH Plus sealer showed significant difference from MTA Fillapex and Apexit plus groups. There was no significant difference between MTA Fillapex and Apexit plus however (p>0.05). Microscopic analysis displayed that the majority of the modes were cohesive failures for AH Plus, adhesive failures for MTA Fillapex and mixed failures for Apexit Plus. . Thus, AH Plus had the highest bond strength and MTA Fillapex had the lowest bond strength to root dentin. Mean push-out bond strength values were ranked as follows; AH Plus >Apexit Plus > MTA Fillapex. Microscopic analysis displayed that the majority of the modes were cohesive failures of AH Plus, adhesive failures for MTA Fillapex and mixed failures for Apexit Plus.
Hidden reservoirs of pathogens in dental settings
Authors:   Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hazaribag college of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Jharkhand, India, Chatterjee Silpi
Published: February 2021

Nosocomial infections are a major concern to both clinicians and health care seekers. Investigations have suggested that laptops & mobile phones may contribute to cross-contamination and can serve as vehicles for infection transmission. Therefore, it is of interest to document the data on hidden reservoirs such as mobile phones and laptops of pathogens in dental settings at the Hazaribag college of dental sciences and Hospital, Jharkhand. The samples were collected from 25 laptops and 25 mobile phones from dentists working in a dental college in Hazaribag city. The samples were collected aseptically using sterile cotton swabs dipped in sterile saline by rotating the swabs on the keyboard surfaces of laptops and mobile phones, inoculated into Brain Heart Infusion broth, vortexed for 1 minute in Fischer Vortex Genie 2 on highest setting & streaked immediately on 5% sheep blood agar plates and were incubated at 370C for 24 hours aerobically. The isolates were identified based on the colony morphology, colony characteristics and biochemical reactions. The bacterial species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Bacillus species, Enterococci, Micrococci, and Pseudomonas etc. Predominant species isolated was Staphylococcus aureus and least was Micrococci. Higher percentage of organisms was found at the Department of Periodontics, Endodontics and least was found in Department of Public Health Dentistry. The percentage and type of organism isolated from keyboards of laptops and mobile phones were similar. Thus, laptops and mobile phones act as vehicles for transfer of potential pathogens associated with dental hospitals. Disinfecting the hands prior to examination of patients and disinfection of laptops and mobiles with alcohol wipes should be done to prevent nosocomial infections.