bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nocardiose cutânea em cães e gatos: Revisão
Authors: De Carvalho Lima Gondim Adriana , Araujo Adjanna Karla Leite
Published: January 2020

Dermatopathies represent a large part of the cases seen at the small animal medical clinic. Among skin diseases, bacterial diseases are among the most frequent in dermatological practice. The genus Nocardia consists of aerobic, gram-positive, highly pathogenic bacteria for animals and humans, normally found in soil, water, and other places. Currently, nocardiosis has been considered an emerging disease among humans and domestic animals worldwide. Infection occurs through inhalation of aerosols and contact with the contaminated environment or by percutaneous inoculation of the agent through wounds or trauma, causing, respectively, the clinical respiratory and cutaneous (most common) forms of the disease. The aim of this paper is to make a bibliographic review about nocardiosis in dogs and cats, alerting the veterinarian about the occurrence of such condition.
Mucocele salivar em canino: relato de caso
Authors: Souza Mary , Rodrigues de Souza Mary’Anne , Costa Rezende Ana Angélica , Goes de Jesus Ana Karoline , Ribeiro Santos Leonardo
Published: January 2020

The salivary Mucocele is understood as the collection or mucus resulting from trauma to the excretory or salivary duct obstruction. It is a common pathology in male dogs, generally with adulthood. Patients present with clinical signs that comprise the oral with consequent volume increase facial contour changes. The diagnosis can be made by clinical condition. The treatment of mucocele involves the removal of the affected salivary gland and draining its contents. The present work had as main objective to analyze the occurrence of Mucocele in a male dog, Poodle breed, with 13 years of age, which in 2014 presented as main complaint an increase in bilateral submaxillary region that was making it difficult to feed and rest of the animal, if surgical treatment consisted in surgical removal of salivary mucocele. It was concluded that the treatment was effective when you troubleshoot parsed the rise of Mucocele in dog observed.
Suplementação com virginiamicina e monensina em dietas de vacas leiteiras com alta inclusão de concentrado
Authors: SILVA JULIANA SANTOS SILVA
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients and ruminal fermentation parameters in diets of high concentration for dairy cows supplemented with virginiamycin or monensin. Five rumen-fistulated crossbred cows with 88 days of lactation, average daily milk yield of 26 kg, mean body weight of 550 kg at the beginning of the experiment in a 5 x 5 Latin square design, were used. Proportion of these additives: 300 mg/d VM (VM300); 300 mg/d MO (MO300); 300 mg/d MV and 300 mg/d OM (VM300 + MO300); 300 mg of VM and 150 mg of MO (VM300 + MO150); Control, without additives (C). There was no difference in DM and nutrient intake, except for starch intake which was higher in the control group when compared to the VM group and a trend towards higher starch intake in the VM300 + MO300 group as compared to the group VM300 + MO150. There was a difference in the apparent digestibility of crude protein, indicating superiority of the groups that used the association of MV and OM when compared to the group supplemented only with MV. Higher milk yield was observed in the control group and in the groups supplemented with MV and associated OM when compared to MV. Food efficiency data showed better values for the control groups and those that used the associated additives. NUP and ammonia nitrogen values were higher in diets that used associated MV and OM. There was a superiority of animals supplemented with MV and associated OM at doses of 300 and 150 mg/cow/d, respectively, in maintaining higher ruminal pH values when compared to the combination at 300 mg/cow/day of MV and MO. The similar behavior was observed for fecal pH. Higher total propionate, butyrate and AGV productions were observed in the control group when compared to the VM group.
Ruang Pemolisian pada Media Sosial: Sebuah Tantangan dan Kebutuhan
Authors: Mujab Saeful
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hal-hal yang dibutuhkan kepolisian dalam menghadapi tantangan pemolisian di ruang media sosial. Hal ini terinspirasi oleh maraknya berita penuh kebohongan yang dibuat dengan tujuan jahat atau hoaks, besarnya penyebaran berita dan konten pornografi dan prostitusi online, serta tontonan tindak kekerasan dan ujaran kebencian yang telah menjadi makanan sehari-hari, merusak tali persaudaraan dan cinta kasih sesama. Perkembangan media sosial yang luar biasa, telah memberikan manfaat di satu sisi, tetapi juga memberikan mudarat di sisi lain. Sehingga perkembangan media sosial menjadi tantangan baru bagi mereka yang bertanggung jawab menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban publik. Penelitian ini mengupas dan mengulas karya-karya ilmiyah terbaik dunia yang berhubungan dengan pemolisian dan media sosial. Selanjutnya mengawinkan tulisan-tulisan para ahli yang brilian tersebut, sehingga menjawab pertanyaan dari penelitian ini tentang apa yang dibutuhkan kepolisian dalam menghadapi tantangan pemolisian di ruang media sosial.
Islamic Work Ethics: A Thematic Commentary Study
Authors: Hidayatulloh Miftah Khilmi
Published: January 2020

Veysel Bozkurt's research proved that Protestant ethics, which consists of work ethic and asceticism did not just occur to Protestant Christians. However, it also occurred in Turkish and Kyrgyz communities where the majority of the population is Muslim. Researcher reinforce Veysel Bozkurt's theory by revealing the work ethic and asceticism in the Qur'an with a thematic commentary approach. This research found that the Qur'an teaches four work ethics and two attitudes of asceticism. The four-work ethics are that work is obligatory, work must be optimal beyond basic needs, work is jihad, and work must be based on the principle of goodness. While the two attitudes of asceticism are strong spiritual and managing wealth wisely
PENGARUH TERAPI ZIKIR TERHADAP TINGKAT DEPRESI PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL YANG MENJALANI HAEMODIALISA
Authors: Himawan Fatchurozak , Suparjo Suparjo , Cuciati Cuciati
Published: January 2020

Hemodialysis for patients with chronic kidney failure can cause anxiety that can change at any time and can end up being depressed. Dzikir provides a sense of calm, eliminates sadness and raises motivation for a better life and is able to reduce anxiety and depression. This study aims to determine the effect of morning and evening dhikr on the level of depression in kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis at Kardinah Tegal General Hospital.

The research method used is quantitative research with a Quasi-experiment with (Non-Equivalent Control Group) Pretest Posttest design. The total sample of 40 respondents consisted of 20 respondents in the control group and 20 respondents in the intervention group. Sampling uses a technique purposive sampling. An Instrument for measuring depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) II.

The results of the study showed a decrease in the level of depression in the intervention group with a Wilcoxon pre-post difference test value of 0.007. with an average score drop of 4.95 points. From 20 respondents there were 15 respondents who experienced a decrease in score with an average decrease in score of 11.83 points and 5 respondents experienced an increase in an average of 5 points. There was no effect of decreasing the level of depression in the control group with a Wilcoxon pre-post difference test value of 0.268. There was an increase in depression scores of 10 respondents and 9 respondents experienced a decrease with an average of 6.75 points. It can be concluded that dhikr therapy in the morning is not the only factor that can reduce the level of depression in hemodialysis respondents with kidney failure.
Review of the genus Prodesmodora Micoletzky, 1923 (Nematoda: Desmodorida: Desmodoridae)
Authors: Tsalolikhin S.Ya.
Published: January 2020

Practically all nine species of the genus Prodesmodora are known only from type localities except for species P. circulata, cosmopolitism of which is doubtful. Morphometric characteristics of all the species are similar. Differentiation of the species is best performed by rectum length, tail length, cephalic setae length and by amphid position. A key for identification of species is given.
Megalopa of Mesocrangon intermedia (Decapoda: Crangonidae) from the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk
Authors: Sedova N.A. , Grigoriev S.S.
Published: January 2020

For the first time megalopa of Mesocrangon intermedia is described. The megalopa can be distinguished from that of the Crangon and Neocrangon by the morphology of its telson and carapace. The main distinguishing features of megalopa of M. intermedia were two spines on medial line of the carapace, a relatively long rostrum, a relatively narrow antennal scale, and the distinctive length of the terminal setae on the telson. Drawings of general view and individual limbs are presented.
New data on the genus Malgasia (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae) from Madagascar and Seychelles
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: January 2020

Malgasia marmorata (Saussure, 1899) is redescribed on the base of the type specimens and new material. Three new species from Seychelles and Madagascar, M. seychellensis sp. nov., M. minutissima sp. nov. and M. grisea sp. nov. are described.
First record of Nearctic issid planthopper Thionia simplex (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae) from Europe
Authors: Gnezdilov V.M. , Poggi F.
Published: January 2020

The Nearcticissid species Thionia simplex (Germar, 1830) is recorded for the first time from Europe. Other alien Auchenorrhyncha species in Europe are listed and discussed.
New records of the true bugs (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha, Pentatomomorpha) for the Northeast of European Russia
Authors: Zinovjeva A.N.
Published: January 2020

Twenty seven species of the true bugs from the families Anthocoridae, Reduviidae, Miridae (Cimicomorpha), Coreidae, Thyreocoridae, Acanthosomatidae, and Pentatomidae (Pentatomomorpha) are recorded from the Northeast of European Russia for the first time. The family Thyreocoridae is for the first time reported from the region.
On the distribution of some ground-beetles of the tribe Harpalini (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Kazakhstan and the Xinjiang-Uygur Autonomous Region of China
Authors: Kataev B.M. , Kabak I.I.
Published: January 2020

New data about distribution of 21 species and subspecies of ground-beetles of the tribe Harpalini in Kazakhstan and the Xinjiang-Uygur Autonomous Region of China are provided. The following taxa are reported from Kazakhstan for the first time: Dicheirotrichus (s. str.) lacustris (Redtenbacher, 1858), Dicheirotrichus (Trichocellus) tschitscherini (Reitter, 1899), Dicheirotrichus (T.) hauseri (Reitter, 1894), Bradycellus (Tachycellus) glabratus Reitter, 1894, Acupalpus (Ancylostria) interstitialis Reitter, 1884, Harpalus (Semiophonus) signaticornis (Duftschmid, 1812), Harpalus (s. str.) torridoides Reitter, 1900, Harpalus (s. str.) viridanus viridanus Motschulsky, 1844, and Ophonus (Hesperophonus) convexicollis (Ménétriés, 1832). The following taxa are reported from China (Xinjiang) for the first time: Anisodactylus (s. str.) binotatus (Fabricius, 1787), Stenolophus (s. str.) abdominalis persicus Mannerheim, 1844, Stenolophus (s. str.) discophorus Fischer von Waldheim, 1823, Harpalus (s. str.) vittatus vittatus Gebler, 1833, Harpalus (s. str.) cyclogonus cyclogonus Chaudoir, 1844, and Ophonus (Metophonus) hystrix dissors Tschitschérine, 1895. Three species, Harpalus (s. str.) amariformis Motschulsky, 1844, H. (s. str.) affinis (Schrank, 1781) and H. (s. str.) tarsalis Mannerheim, 1825, are reported from Xinjiang for the first time. The following synonymy is proposed: Stenolophus (Egadroma) marginatus Dejean, 1829 = Badister piceus Ballion, 1870, syn. nov.
Fruit flies (Diptera: Drosophilidae) of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Nartshuk E.P.
Published: January 2020

Drosophilid flies of the Russian Arctic are reviewed. Thirteen species of Drosophilidae are recorded: one from the genus Stegana, seven from Drosophila and five from Scaptomyza. The northernmost localities in the Palaearctic are recorded for D. melanogaster Meigen, 1830 and D. hydai Sturtevant, 1921. Scaptomyza yakutica Sidorenko et Toda, 1996 described from Yakutia was found for the first time in Europe (the European part of Russia). Seven species of Drosophilidae are found in the tundra biome. The finding of Drosophilidae in the tundra zone contradicts the view on the absence of “wild” drosophilids in this zone.
Gill rakers of basking sharks (Lamniformes: Cetorhinidae) from the Tertiary of Sakhalin Island, Russia
Authors: Nazarkin M.V.
Published: January 2020

Isolated gill rakers of basking sharks (Lamniformes: Cetorhinidae) were collected from the upper Oligocene Holmsk Formation and Middle-Upper Miocene Kurasi Formation of the Sakhalin Island. This is the second finding of fossil basking shark remains in Russia. Fossil gill rakers are similar to those in recent representatives of the genus Cetorhinus, but differ from the latter by wider and shorter medial processes and higher bases. These features are more typical for basking sharks in the fossil genus Keasius. Additional material is needed for the exact taxonomic identification of the Tertiary basking sharks from Sakhalin.
Selected Characteristics of Slovak Households as a Source of Information Concering Labour Supply
Authors: Kika Marian , Kubisova Luboslava
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the paper is to provide specific information on the labour supply in Slovakia based on the analysis of data collected from Slovak households. In line with the human capital theory, we consider households as essential in both shaping and providing the labour supply. The subject of the research survey were Slovak households and their members comprising a representative sample of the Slovak population with respect to the size, type and regional distribution of households as well as the age of their adult members. The sample consisted of 1,753 households and 4,855 household members as respondents. We looked at their willingness to make various choices in order to get a job and retain it as well as their family or household life strategies to maintain a work-life balance in view of their attitudes to sharing the family responsibilities. We used nonparametric statistical tests to establish the order of preferences for respective issues and the Spearman coefficient to find out the statistically significant relation between the age of the respondents and the choices they are most likely to prefer. The results have shown that age is a decisive factor in the responses to several of the questions, which is important to take into consideration as most of the labour demand in the following years will be created by the loss of older workers due to retirement or other reasons. This means that employers need to be prepared for a generational change and may be motivated to consider age management as one of their strategies to deal with the predicted labour shortage.
Revisiting the age of the Florisbad hominin material
Authors: Berger Lee R. , Hawks John
Published: January 2020

In 1996, Grün and coworkers provided an ESR age determination for a hominin molar from Florisbad, South Africa, at 259 ± 35 ka. The most anatomically informative hominin specimen from Florisbad is a fragmentary craniofacial specimen, attributed by many to early Homo sapiens, which has been assumed to derive from the same individual as this tooth. Since 1996, evidence about the evolutionary context for the later Middle Pleistocene and its associated hominins in Africa had markedly changed. If the Florisbad date is accurate and if the molar is associated with the craniofacial specimen, this evidence may suggest that Homo naledi coexisted in time and geography with H. sapiens in southern Africa. Thus, the accuracy for all dates needs critical investigation. This study examines the published record of excavation and subsequent analyses for the Florisbad material. We find that the contemporary records raise doubt about the contemporaneity of the tooth and calvaria. The site’s complex stratigraphy and the details about the tooth’s discovery also pose challenges for the previous ESR age estimate. Because the fragmentary cranial specimen has value for morphological comparisons, developing additional means of understanding its geological age is necessary. The current data do not demonstrate the presence of H. sapiens in southern Africa at ~260 ka.
ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ АТЕСТАЦІЇ ВВНЗ У ЧАСТИНІ ПРОВАДЖЕННЯ НАУКОВОЇ І НАУКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Горбачевський Сергій , Орда Михайло , Плохута Ігор , Черненок Михайло
Published: January 2020

У статті визначені особливості проведення атестації ВВНЗ у частині провадження ними наукової і науково-технічної діяльності та розроблені пропозиції до відповідної методики оцінювання.
W starciu z budżetem partycypacyjnym. Praktyka tworzenia i wdrażania
Authors: Bigoszewski Kazimierz
Published: January 2020

Autor koncentruje się na analizie zagadnienia budżetu partycypacyjnego. Przedstawia doświadczenia trzech lat jego wdrażania w warszawskiej dzielnicy Ursynów. Wskazuje bardziej na wnioski wypływające z praktyki niż z konfrontacji rzeczywistości z założeniami idei budżetu partycypacyjnego. Budżet partycypacyjny definiuje jako proces, którego celem jest umożliwienie społeczności uzyskania bezpośredniego wpływu na decyzje o przeznaczeniu części budżetu publicznego. W jego ramach mieszkańcy zgłaszają propozycje przedsięwzięć wartych sfinansowania. Jest to sposób włączenia ich w planowanie wydatkowania środków publicznych, które zostały oddane przez władze do ich dyspozycji.Autor formułuje tezę, że praktyka funkcjonowania budżetu partycypacyjnego w Polsce obciążona jest licznymi wadami proceduralnymi. Samorządy nie zawsze wytwarzają właściwe wzorce dla jego realizacji. Zmagają się z problemem dopasowania tego typu budżetów do swoich realiów. Powielają często wzajemne błędy. Wyzwaniem jest, aby rady jednostek samorządowych wykorzystały swój demokratyczny mandat do aktywniejszego kształtowania procesów wydatkowania środków publicznych.
MIĘDZY STARYM I NOWYM. O SPOSOBACH MODERNIZOWANIA PRZESTRZENI PUBLICZNEJ
Authors: Anioł Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie kilku ważniejszych wzorów modernizacji, jakiej podlegała przestrzeń miejska w Warszawie po 1989 r., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem różnych sposobów traktowania w III Rzeczypospolitej obiektów typowych dla późnego modernizmu, zwanego też socmodernizmem. Rozważania nawiązują do wyodrębnianych na gruncie instytucjonalizmu historycznego czterech typów zmiany społecznej: przetrwanie i powrót, reprodukcja przez adaptację, stopniowa transformacja, rozpad i zastąpienie. Autor ze swojej strony wyróżnia cztery generalne i siedem bardziej szczegółowych opcji modernizacyjnych oraz pokazuje ich różne urbanistyczno-architektoniczne ilustracje, obecne w warszawskiej przestrzeni publicznej.
THE ACTIVITY ANAD FUNCTIONING OF ETERPRISES WITH FOREGIN CAPITAL IN POLAND
Authors: Hryniewicka Magdalena
Published: January 2020

The article focuses on the issue of companies with foreign capital operating in Poland. For this purpose, it outlines the location of companies with foreign capital throughout the country and the directions of foreign capital origin as well as its distribution, export, import and investments of companies operating with it. It puts forward the attractiveness of conducting business in Poland, as compared to the other countries, and assesses the activity of companies with foreign capital.
DYPLOMACJA CYFROWA- NOWA FORMA POLITYKI ZAGRANICZNEJ UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ
Authors: Kusztykiewicz Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

Rozwój społeczeństwa informacyjnego zainicjował potrzebę stworzenia nowych instrumentów, za pomocą których władze mogą docierać do obywateli, dlatego cyberprzestrzeń stała się w ostatnim czasie miejscem aktywności wielu podmiotów, w tym państw oraz organizacji międzynarodowych (również Unii Europejskiej). Skutkiem tego zjawiska jest powstanie tak zwanej dyplomacji cyfrowej jako nowej jakości w miękkiej dyplomacji UE.Dyplomacja UE używa obecnie wielu e-instrumentów, m.in. Facebooka, Myspace’a, Daily Motion, YouTube’a itp. Są to bardzo dobre narzędzia służące poprawianiu i ocieplaniu wizerunku Unii na arenie międzynarodowej. Ten rodzaj dyplomacji ukształtował się dopiero na początku XXI w. i ma przed sobą obiecującą perspektywę rozwoju, dlatego warto się zastanowić, w jakim kierunku ewolucja ta powinna podążać. Dyplomacja cyfrowa jest de facto odpowiedzią na problem komunikacji Unii ze światem zewnętrznym oraz na zjawisko rosnącej liczby użytkowników Internetu
Środowiskowa krzywa Kuznetsa jako rama wzajemności świadczeń w polityce prawa
Authors: Nowak-Far Artur
Published: January 2020

Środowiskowa krzywa Kuznetsa jest formułą opisu asymetrii uwarunkowań rozwoju gospodarczego i wynikających stąd sprzeczności interesów pomiędzy państwami. Owe asymetrie i sprzeczności znajdują odzwierciedlenie w realizowanej przez nie wewnętrznie i poszukiwanej w przestrzeni międzynarodowej policy mix w dziedzinie ochrony środowiska. Na mapie interesów i zależności naturalnie pojawiających się w kontekścieochrony środowiska muszą być uwzględnione korzyści i koszty zewnętrzne, które stwarza polityka ochrony środowiska poszczególnych państw. Z EKC wynika, że owe korzyści i koszty nie mogą być rozłożone równomiernie, co powoduje, że istotne jest zapewnienie takich rozwiązań międzyjurysdykcyjnych, które zapewniają identyfikację świadczeń opartych na wzajemności zgeneralizowanej i realizację ich w jakiejś formule wymagającej międzynarodowego porozumienia o wymianie świadczeń w postaci kooperatywnych elementów polityki ochrony środowiska oraz transferów finansowych. Wzajemność, o której w tym wypadku mowa, ma charakter zgeneralizowany. Jej funkcją jest zapewnienie takich równowag Nasha, które długookresowo zapewniają najwyższy poziom efektywności. Jakkolwiek wyzwala to pewien stopień niekooperatywności w krótkim i średnim okresie, to jednak nie jest ona zupełna, gdyż fundamentalne, długookresowe cele polityki środowiska większości państw są podobne.
Metamorfozy domeny publicznej i ich janusowe oblicze społeczne
Authors: Anioł Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie niektórych tendencji w przemianach zachodzących współcześnie w domenie publicznej i zwrócenie uwagi na pewne analogie, jakie występują pomiędzy zmianami w przestrzeni miejskiej a społecznymi procesami modernizacyjnymi, które toczą się w szerszej, ogólnokrajowej skali. Oprócz wstępu i podsumowania, tekst składa się z dwóch głównych części – poświęconej ogólniejszym rozważaniom oraz empirycznej. W części pierwszej przedstawiono bardziej generalne kwestie dotyczące natury i znaczenia miejskiej przestrzeni publicznej oraz sposobów ingerowania w jej kształt, z uwględnieniem zwłaszcza zjawisk określanych mianem rewitalizacji i gentryfikacji. Natomiast w części drugiej, tytułem ilustracji, omówiono pokrótce trzy konkretne przypadki unowocześniających oddziaływań o różnym charakterze i skutkach, jakie wystąpiły w ostatnich latach w Warszawie.
Dialog obywatelski w praktyce
Authors: Cisek-Lachowicz Marta , Kichewko Karolina
Published: January 2020

Dialog społeczny koncentrujący się na problemach świata pracy nie zapewnia wystarczającej przestrzeni komunikacyjnej dla wszystkich obywateli. Dlatego też, co trzeba podkreślić z całą stanowczością, rozwija się dialog obywatelski, który szerzej pozwala spojrzeć na problemy społeczne i włączyć bardziej zróżnicowanych partnerów do procesu podejmowania decyzji przez władze publiczne. Głównym celem artykułu jest prezentacja dialogu obywatelskiego w ujęciu teoretycznym i praktycznym oraz ukazanie relacji dialogu społecznego z dialogiem obywatelskim, a także narzędzi i metod tego ostatniego. Druga część artykułu zawiera analizę w ujęciu teoretycznym jednej z technik dialogu obywatelskiego – konsultacji społecznych. Trzecia sekcja ukazuje studium przypadku, opisujące spotkanie informacyjne na temat dolnośląskiego budżetu obywatelskiego. W ostatniej części znajduje się podsumowanie rozważań o dialogu obywatelskim. W artykule wykorzystano dane pochodzące z literatury, w tym publikacji książkowych, czasopism, a także akty prawne oraz studium przypadku – obserwację, jak również rozmowy z uczestnikami spotkania konsultacyjnego.
Dostępność polskich uczelni: wdrażanie art. 24 Konwencji o Prawach Osób Niepełnosprawnych (KPON) w obszarze szkolnictwa wyższego
Authors: Wróblewska Anna
Published: January 2020

W artykule zarysowano społeczno-historyczne uwarunkowania, które doprowadziły do powstania i rozkwitu nowego nurtu badań nad niepełnosprawnością – Disability Studies oraz popularyzacji społecznej definicji niepełnosprawności, na której opiera się KPON. Główną część tekstu poświęcono krytycznej analizie wdrażania art. 24 KPON w polskich szkołach wyższych z perspektywy obowiązujących aktów prawnych oraz stosowania mechanizmu racjonalnych usprawnień. Przedstawiono dane statystyczne na temat studentów i doktorantów z niepełnosprawnościami oraz zaprezentowano główne wnioski z raportów tematycznych, autorstwa Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich oraz środowisk osób z niepełnosprawnościami. W ostatniej części artykułu omówiono wątek niepełnosprawności w świetle procesu tworzenia Ustawy 2.0 wraz ze studium przypadku poprawki nr 47.
Wybrane mechanizmy europeizacji polityki publicznej – wstępna dekonstrukcja
Authors: Zybała Andrzej
Published: January 2020

Autor analizuje proces europeizacji w polityce publicznej. Definiuje go jako systematyczne przenikanie, a także transfer oraz konwergencję unijnych i zachodnich wzorców działania publicznego oraz pomysłów i rozwiązań problemów. Wskazuje, że europeizacja – niejako sama z siebie – nie zapewnia bezpośrednio mechanizmu podnoszenia efektywności działań publicznych w danym państwie (w sensie podnoszenia zdolności do uzyskiwania większych korzyści z wydanych środków). Unijna polityka publiczna – rozumiana jako działania inicjowane przez instytucje unijne – ma bowiem inną konstrukcję niż polityka krajowa, a tym samym oddziałuje na nią w dość selektywny sposób. Przede wszystkim instytucje unijne nie posiadają znaczącego wpływu na ten etap kształtowania polityki, jakim jest implementacja (poza kwestiami zgodności krajowego porządku prawnego z unijnym prawodawstwem).
Bezplanowość i nieład w polskiej przestrzeni – uwarunkowania polityczno-prawne, historyczne i kulturowe
Authors: Anioł Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

Bezplanowość i nieład w polskiej przestrzeni wynikają zarówno z bieżących uwarunkowań polityczno-prawnych, jak też z dużo ogólniejszych i trwalszych – związanych z narodową tożsamością i dziejami – czynników historycznych i kulturowo-mentalnych, które można zaliczyć do procesów „długiego trwania”. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, jak splot owych różnych zmiennych oddziałuje na kształt przestrzeni miejskiej, ze specjalnym uwzględnieniem przypadku współczesnej Warszawy i niektórych doświadczeń skandynawskich jako tła porównawczego. Autor zwraca uwagę na możliwy wpływ dwóch najnowszych aktów ustawodawczych – tzw. ustawy krajobrazowej z 2015 r. oraz tzw. lex deweloper z 2018 r. – na krajowy system polityki przestrzennej oraz na obciążony przeszłością i określonymi wzorcami kulturowymi chaotyczny pejzaż polskich miast.
Outcomes after late bone marrow and very early central nervous system relapse of childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children's Oncology Group phase III study AALL0433
Authors: Lew Glen , Chen Yichen , Lu Xiaomin , Rheingold Susan R. , Whitlock James A. , Devidas Meenakshi , Hastings Caroline A. , Winick Naomi J. , Carroll William L. , Wood Brent L. , Borowitz Michael J. , Pulsipher Michael A. , Hunger Stephen P.
Published: January 2020

Outcomes after relapse of childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are poor, and optimal therapy is unclear. Children’s Oncology Group study AALL0433 evaluated a new platform for relapsed ALL. Between March 2007 and October 2013 AALL0433 enrolled 275 participants with late bone marrow or very early isolated central nervous system (iCNS) relapse of childhood B-ALL. Patients were randomized to receive standard versus intensive vincristine dosing; this randomization closed due to excess peripheral neuropathy in 2010. Patients with matched sibling donors received allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) after the first three blocks of therapy. The prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) was also evaluated in this study. The 3-year event free and overall survival (EFS/OS) for the 271 eligible patients were 63.6% +/- 3.0% and 72.3% +/- 2.8% respectively. MRD at the end of Induction-1 was highly predictive of outcome, with 3-year EFS/OS of 84.9 +/- 4.0% and 93.8 +/- 2.7% for patients with MRD <0.1%, vs. 53.7 +/- 7.8% and 60.6 +/- 7.8% for patients with MRD ≥0.1% (p<0.0001). Patients who received HCT vs. chemotherapy alone had an improved 3-year disease-free survival (77.5 +/- 6.2% vs. 66.9 +/- 4.5%, p=0.03) but not OS (81.5 +/- 5.8% for HCT vs. 85.8 +/- 3.4% for chemotherapy, p=0.46). Patients with early iCNS relapse fared poorly, with a 3-year EFS/OS of 41.4% +/- 9.2% and 51.7% +/- 9.3%, respectively. Infectious toxicities of the chemotherapy platform were significant. The AALL0433 chemotherapy platform is efficacious for late bone marrow relapse of B-ALL, but with significant toxicities. The MRD threshold of 0.1% at the end of Induction-1 was highly predictive of outcome. The optimal role for HCT for this patient population remains uncertain. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT# 00381680).
The Position and Participation of Khadijah in Developing Da'wah in Islam at the First Period
Authors: Bahri Saiful , Batoebara Maria Ulfa
Published: January 2020

Women are always interesting issues to be made into a study, both in countries that are Muslim majority and non-Muslim majority. Admittedly or not, the presence of women on this earth has a very important role. They are a part of this life, however, it is still felt by at least people who are aware of this. Many women have succeeded in carrying out their role, so it is worthy of being a good role model and teaching especially for Muslims in particular. One of the women who needed to be a role model was Khadijah as the first wife of the Prophet. Khadijah is a phenomenal figure, integrity, self-purity, faith, and her commitment to continue to support and sacrifice for the success of the Prophet's preaching. Moving on from that thought, the authors can explain that Khadijah was already well known among the Muslims only limited to the wife of the Prophet Muhammad, but the position and participation of Khadijah in developing Islam in the first period were less noticed by the Eve today. Whereas the most important thing that needs to be understood from Khadijah is the position and participation of Khadijah to be a good role model for women today. Furthermore, the authors can conclude from this paper that Khadijah always participated in the struggle of the Prophet, since before becoming the wife of the Prophet and after becoming her husband. In general there are three things that motivate Khadijah in the struggle of the Prophet, namely the personality of the Prophet, Khadijah's love for the Prophet and Khadijah's belief in the truth of Islamic teachings. Khadijah's sacrifice in developing Islam which is greatest was her body and soul.
Some aspects of city archaeology in historical context (on the example of Prymorskyj Boulevard in Odesa)
Authors: Ivanova Svitlana
Published: January 2020

The study on archaeological sites has some peculiarities when undertaken inside the territories of modern cities. And the reason behind it is not only the usual situation when parts of a site are covered by present-day constructions or cut by communication trenches. Sometimes a stratigraphic position and/or a level of recovery for ancient artefacts are blurred by inherent ambiguity. This is exactly the case, which can be traced for the settlement of ancient times on the Primorsky Boulevard of Odessa.
The variability of the level of occurrence of the cultural layer and the virgin soil can be explained by referring to historical documentation. During the design and preparation of the territory for the landing of trees and construction, preparatory work was carried out. The area was cleared and leveled down. In addition, one should keep in mind the relief of the terrain, the presence of slopes, the elevation drop, the leveling of which led to the present ambiguous stratigraphic situation.
The cultural layer was also damaged when some soil was withdrawn from its original position from the territory of the former military barracks, which were located here at the beginning of the XIX century in order to strengthen the slopes of the boulevard. These works are recorded in archival data stored in the State Archive of Odessa region. The construction of numerous communications also contributed to the inevitable alterations in the state of the settlement's preservation. Given the available historical information, it is possible that individual archaeological sites can be discovered during the reconstruction of existing buildings located on Primorsky Boulevard.
The history of construction and subsequent re-building on the Primorsky Boulevard is linked with the material remains that are stored underground. Consideration of this aspect provides the necessary information on the identification of objects that can be found in archaeological sites situated underneath the modern buildings.
There is an obvious and urgent necessity of archaeological supervision for all types of reconstruction or building works, in accordance with existing legislation. This conclusion is relevant not only to the territory of the ancient settlement, but also to its surveillance zone. The construction works should be suspended until the final archaeological research, if archaeological sites would be identified.
Key words: Classical age, city archaeology, cultural layer, Prymorskyj Boulevard.
From the history of research into the Slavic lands and peoples in Polish archaeology to the early 1940's
Authors: Lech Jacek , Piotrowska Danuta
Published: January 2020

The article presents the interest of Polish archaeology before 1945 in the prehistory and early history of the Slavs. The pioneers were Count Jan Potocki towards the end of the 18th century a representative of the Enlightenment period, and then Zorian Dołęga Chodakowski. Chodakowski’s work from 1818 about the Slavs before Christianity opened the Romantic period in Polish antiquarianism. At this time the greatest Polish poets were writing important works relating to the pre-Christian past of Poland, and a statue of the pagan god Światowid (Światowit) was found in the river Zbrucz.
Studies of the earliest Slavs were continued by the positivists. At the beginning of the 20th century, one of them was E.Majewski from Warsaw, a promotor of the works of L. Niederle devoted to Slavic antiquities. In the period when the cultural-historical school dominated, prehistoric archaeology was becoming ever more closely associated with nationalism and politics (G. Kossinna). Majewski was one of the first critics of Kossinna’s method and works.
In the years 1919–1944 Majewski’s pupil, L. Kozłowski, and J. Czekanowski studied the origin of the Slavs. Both were professors of the University in Lviv. Together with J. Kostrzewski, a prehistorian from Poznań, they regarded the Lusatian culture from the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age as ancient Slavic. This view was important as propaganda in the political and scholarly dispute with prehistorians of the Third Reich. Its significance increased after the discovery and start of excavations of a fortified settlement of the Lusatian culture in Biskupin, in northwestern Poland.
During the Second World War, Biskupin was excavated by H. Schleif from the SS-Ahnenerbe. The intention was to refute Kostrzewski’s views. At the same time, Kostrzewski and Kozłowski were writing works intended to confirm the ancient Slavic character of the Lusatian culture. Today their views constitute an interesting chapter in the history of science.
Key words: early history of the Slavs, Światowid, Biskupin, Romantic period, Lusatian culture.
Archaeology of Lviv: provenances, traditions, researchers
Authors: Mylian Taras
Published: January 2020

Archaeological research in Lviv has a long tradition and dates back about two hundred years. During this time, information about the ancient history of Lviv from many sections of the city was obtained. The beginnings of the archaeological study of the ancient history of the city date back to the first half of the nineteenth century. Thanks to Pauli, attention was drawn to ancient artifacts from the territory of Lviv. Some of the findings begin to form the collections of the first museum collections. In the second half of the XIX century, the formation of archaeological institutions in Lviv began. Government agencies appear to monitor the storage of monuments. As a result of joint action, rescue excavations during the construction of the railway were made. Archaeologists from Lviv are beginning to form hypotheses about the founding and development of the city. Archaeological sources have updated information about the pre-developmental stage of the development and gave new evidence about the stages of development of the annalistic city. This state of affairs remains until the middle of the twentieth century. However, sometimes archaeological research was influenced by ideological factors. With another change of social order in the second half of XX century managed to preserve the main trends of formation and structure of the archaeological branch of the city. The institutions in which the teams of researchers form are decisive. There is an organ function to preserve and study archaeology monuments. From this period, the intensification of the research process begins. Planned works covered both the Vysokyj Zamok (High Castle) and the city centre. Since Ukrainian independence, research has increased exponentially. They are occupied by large squares and give significant advantages in the formation and development of the urban space of Lviv in ancient times. The discovered artifacts are on display during museum exhibitions. Key words: archaeological research, Lviv, museum collections, Vysokyj Zamok (High Castle), city centre.
Sites of archaeology in Ulvivok and its surroundings in the research of Lviv scientists
Authors: Pavliv Dmytro
Published: January 2020

The old village of Ulvivok, located above the Bug River in Sokal district, Lviv region, is extremely rich with archaeological sites. Relief, favourable for living, fertile soils, large river have contributed to appearing of human settlements on this area since ancient times. This fact is witnessed by finds of numerous archaeological artifacts near Ulvivok and discovery of significant archaeological sites – cemeteries and settlements, which have an interesting history of research since the late XIX century and till nowadays, associated with many famous Lviv scientists. An important role in the preservation and study of local archaeological finds was played by Dzieduszycki Museum. The first references to finds from Ulvivok and the surrounding villages – Horodylovychi, Stargorod, Skomorokhy and Telyazh – are found at the works of local historian B. Sokalski and geologist A. Lomnitcki, published in 1899. J. Nykorovych – the owner of the village and amateur archaeologist contributed noticeably preservation and research of sites during XIX – beginning of XX century. The first extensive exploration in Ulvivok in 1923 was conducted by archaeologist and local historian, guardian of the prehistoric monuments of Lviv district B. Janusz, who discovered a tomb of Globular Amphorae culture and part of the burials of the most famous archaeological sites near Ulvivok – inhumation cemetery from the end of Bronze Age of “Ulvivok-Rovantsi type”. The same cemetery was investigated in 1931 by archaeologist T. Sulimirski, who published the results of excavations. Local archaeological finds were studied by famous Ukrainian archaeologist J. Pasternak, J. Bryk, K. Żurowski, J. Dąmbrowski, I. Sveshnikov, L. Krushelnytska. Nowadays, the exploration work was conducted by N. Wojceschuk, surveys in Ulvivok, Horodylovychi, Stargorod and excavation of Early Iron Age site were carried out by D. Pavliv. At least 14 archaeological sites (8 settlements and 6 cemeteries) and about 100 individual finds have been found on the territory of the village and surrounding area. This territory on the western part of Ukraine is extremely rich with archaeological sites of almost all epochs. It is witnessed by the great historical importance of this region and requires continuation of professional archaeological examinations and protective actions for the preservation of archaeological heritage.
Key words: Ulvivok, archaeological site, Lviv scientists, Globular Amphorae culture, burial complex of Ulvivok-Rovantsi type.
Elements of ornament on the ceramic ware of Zalischyky group of Trypillia culture
Authors: Yakovyshyna Yana
Published: January 2020

Clayware is the most common category of finds in Trypillian settlements. In addition, ceramic complex has specific features of morphological, technological and stylistic character. All this makes it an excellent material for exploring of different aspects of life of ancient societies. Ceramic complex responded most clearly to changes in environmental conditions, to the specifics of economic, social, cultural life of ancient collectives. At the same time, after reaching of a certain stage of development, ceramic obtained unchanged, stable forms. Therefore, significant changes in the ceramic industry required significant changes in the economic and social spheres. Instead, the ornamentation was characterized by rapid changes, triggered by various cultural and economic factors. We focus on the ornament because its changes in the ceramic collections of studied settlements were the most dynamic. Trypillian ornaments were examined from the appearance of the first finds in the end of XIX century and till now. During this period there were many methodological approaches to its study. Methods vary depending on what aspects are considered by researchers of the ornaments. For this purpose, classification systems were created, where those features that are important for the issue, which is being studied became the base. The work is dedicated to finding of patterns at painted ornament on the ceramic ware from the sites of Zalishchyky group of Trypillian culture, which allow to consider an ornament as a historical source. For this purpose, the database of painted ornament from material from sites of Zalishchyky group was established. Typical, used and rare elements of ornament are defined. Thus, the main features of Zalishchyky group's painting are outlined. A comparison of settlements of Zalishchyky group by elements of ornament is made.
Key words: Trypillia, Zalishchyky group, ceramic ware, painted ornament.
Ram cult of funnel beaker culture tribes
Authors: Havinsky Andrij
Published: January 2020

Among the variety of clay products of the Funnel beaker culture, there is almost no zoomorphic plastic. Such items include the handle of the vessels in the form of realistically shaped heads of the ram. And it is the only animal in the Funnel beaker culture, which is somehow expressed. Vessels with handles in a shape of rams and their fragments were found in a small amount. On the large territory, occupied by southeastern group of Funnel beaker culture and where hundreds of settlements are known, most of which were excavated only 60-70 figures were found in twenty sites. On some settlements many of such items were collected. For example, in Gródek (about 30), Zymno (18), Ćmielów (over 10) and on the others – only single finds. Also, on the many capitally examined sites such artifacts are absent. The rams decorated only the handles of jugs and pots. These vessels are usually ornamented. The ornament is constructed according to a clear scheme of world tree: rims are decorated with zigzag line, characteristic for ritual zoomorphic vessels of several agricultural cultures and interpreted as symbol of water. Side walls of the body are ornamented by a vertical ladder, which can be interpreted as grain ear. Paired handles in shape of rams, joined by sacred yoke which embodied sacral content of fertility. Most of the products, usually jars, were found in the storage pits, and some of the pots were found in women's graves.
On the settlement of Zymno all figures were found in cultural layers and situated in separate concentrations. Such vessels were sacred – intended for the storage and sowing of grain, as well as for the ritual of praying for rain. Among ancient agricultural tribes, some animals, including ram, embodied the fertility cult and identified with certain forces of nature. The origins of the ram cult in the southeastern group of tribes of Funnel beaker culture are obviously can be found among its nearest neighbors, perhaps Trypillians, where such practices were more advanced.
Key words: Funnel Beaker culture, ram cult, ritual, ornament, grain, water.
Lipoprotein Apheresis in the Treatment of Dyslipidemia – the Czech Republic Experience
Authors: BLÁHA V. , BLÁHA M. , LÁNSKÁ M. , SOLICHOVÁ D. , KUJOVSKÁ KRČMOVÁ L. , HAVEL E. , VYROUBAL P. , ZADÁK Z. , ŽÁK P. , SOBOTKA L.
Published: January 2020

In 1984, we started using therapeutic plasmapheresis (plasma exchange) as a method of extracorporeal lipoprotein elimination for the treatment of hypercholesterolemic patients. We evaluated the results of long-term therapy in 14 patients, 8 men and 6 women. The average age was 55.6±13.2 (range 28-70), median 59.5 years. 14 patients were diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH): 5 homozygous, 9 heterozygous. Ten patients in the group were treated using immunoadsorption lipoprotein apheresis and 4 using hemorheopheresis. Immunoapheretic interventions decreased LDL-cholesterol (82±1 %), ApoB (73±13 %) and even Lp(a) by 82±19 %, respectively. Selected non-invasive methods are important for long-term and repeated follow-up. Carotid intima-media thickness showed improvement or stagnation in 75 % of the patients. Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction such as endoglin (in the control group: 3.85±1.25 μg/l, in lipoprotein apheresis-treated hypercholesterolemic individuals 5.74±1.47 μg/l), CD40 ligand (before lipoprotein apheresis: 6498±2529 ng/l, after lipoprotein apheresis: 4057±2560 ng/l) and neopterin (before lipoprotein apheresis: 5.7±1.1 nmol/l, after lipoprotein apheresis: 5.5±1.3 nmol/l) related to the course of atherosclerosis, but did not reflect the actual activity of the disease nor facilitate the prediction or planning of therapy. Hemorheopheresis may improve blood flow in microcirculation in familial hypercholesterolemia and also in some other microcirculation disorders via significantly decreased activity of thrombomodulin (p<0.0001), tissue factor (p<0.0001), aggregation of thrombocytes (p<0.0001) and plasma and whole blood viscosity (p<0.0001). In conclusion, lipoprotein apheresis and hemorheopheresis substantially lowered LDL-cholesterol in severe hypercholesterolemia. Our experience with long-term therapy also shows good tolerance and a small number of complications (6.26 % non-serious clinical complications).