bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who Is behind a Trend? Temporal Analysis of Interactions among Trend Participants on Twitter
Authors: Ziegler John , Gertz Michael
Published: June 2023

Trends are a fundamental component of today's fast-evolving media landscape. Still, a lot of questions about who participates in such trends remain unanswered. Are trends driven by individual actors, or do interactions between actors reveal community structures? If so, do those structures change during the life cycle of a trend or between topically similar trends? In short: Who is behind a trend?
This paper contributes to a better understanding of these questions and, in general, actor networks underlying trends on social media. As a case study, we leverage a large Twitter dataset from the EURO2020 soccer competition to detect and analyze topical trends. Our novel Gaussian fitting method allows separating trend life cycles into up- and down-trend components, as well as determining the duration of trends. An event-based evaluation proves good performance results. Given separate trend stages and topically similar trends at different points in time, we conduct a temporal analysis of the actor networks during trends. Our findings not only reveal a large overlap of participants between successive trends but also indicate large variations within a trend life cycle. Furthermore, actor networks seem to be centred around a small number of dominant users and communities. Those users also show large stability across similar trends over time. In contrast, temporally stable community structures are neither found within nor across topically similar trends.
Towards Generalization of Machine Learning Models: A Case Study of Arabic Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Abdaljalil Samir , Hassanein Shaimaa , Mubarak Hamdy , Abdelali Ahmed
Published: June 2023

The abundance of social media data in the Arab world, specifically on Twitter, enabled companies and entities to exploit such rich and beneficial data that could be mined and used to extract important information, including sentiments and opinions of people towards a topic or a merchandise. However, with this plenitude comes the issue of producing models that are able to deliver consistent outcomes when tested within various contexts. Although model generalization has been thoroughly investigated in many fields, it has not been heavily investigated in the Arabic context. To address this gap, we investigate the generalization of models and data in Arabic with application to sentiment analysis, by performing a battery of experiments and building different models that are tested on five independent test sets to understand their performance when presented with unseen data. In doing so, we detail different techniques that improve the generalization of machine learning models in Arabic sentiment analysis, and share a large versatile dataset consisting of approximately 1.64M Arabic tweets and their corresponding sentiment to be used for future research. Our experiments concluded that the most consistent model is trained using a dataset labelled by a cascaded approach of two models, one that labels neutral tweets and another that identifies positive/negative tweets based on the Arabic emoji lexicon after class balancing. Both the BERT and the SVM models trained using the refined data achieve an average F-1 score of 0.62 and 0.60, and standard deviation of 0.06 and 0.04 respectively, when evaluated on five diverse test sets, outperforming other models by at least 17% relative gain in F-1. Based on our experiments, we share recommendations to improve model generalization for classification tasks.
Characterizing Coin-Based Voting Governance in DPoS Blockchains
Authors: Li Chao , Xu Runhua , Duan Li
Published: June 2023

Delegated-Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) blockchains are governed by a committee of dozens of members elected via coin-based voting mechanisms. This paper presents a large-scale empirical study of two critical characteristics, personal impact and participation rate, of three leading DPoS blockchains. Our findings reveal the existence of decisive voters whose votes can alter election outcomes, as well as the fact that almost half of the coins have never been used in committee elections. Our research contributes to demystifying the actual use of coin-based voting governance and offers novel insights into the potential security risks of DPoS blockchains.
Different Affordances on Facebook and SMS Text Messaging Do Not Impede Generalization of Language-Based Predictive Models
Authors: Liu Tingting , Giorgi Salvatore , Tao Xiangyu , Chandra Guntuku Sharath , Bellew Douglas , Curtis Brenda , Ungar Lyle
Published: June 2023

Adaptive mobile device-based health interventions often use machine learning models trained on non-mobile device data, such as social media text, due to the difficulty and high expense of collecting large text message (SMS) data. Therefore, understanding the differences and generalization of models between these platforms is crucial for proper deployment. We examined the psycho-linguistic differences between Facebook and text messages, and their impact on out-of-domain model performance, using a sample of 120 users who shared both. We found that users use Facebook for sharing experiences (e.g., leisure) and SMS for task-oriented and conversational purposes (e.g., plan confirmations), reflecting the differences in the affordances. To examine the downstream effects of these differences, we used pre-trained Facebook-based language models to estimate age, gender, depression, life satisfaction, and stress on both Facebook and SMS. We found no significant differences in correlations between the estimates and self-reports across 6 of 8 models. These results suggest using pre-trained Facebook language models to achieve better accuracy with just-in-time interventions.
An Example of (Too Much) Hyper-Parameter Tuning In Suicide Ideation Detection
Authors: Marie Schoene Annika , Ortega John , Amir Silvio , Church Kenneth
Published: June 2023

This work starts with the TWISCO baseline, a benchmark of suicide-related content from Twitter. We find that hyper-parameter tuning can improve this baseline by 9%. We examined 576 combinations of hyper-parameters: learning rate, batch size, epochs and date range of training data. Reasonable settings of learning rate and batch size produce better results than poor settings. Date range is less conclusive. Balancing the date range of the training data to match the benchmark ought to improve performance, but the differences are relatively small. Optimal settings of learning rate and batch size are much better than poor settings, but optimal settings of date range are not that different from poor settings of date range. Finally, we end with concerns about reproducibility. Of the 576 experiments, 10% produced F1 performance above baseline. It is common practice in the literature to run many experiments and report the best, but doing so may be risky, especially given the sensitive nature of Suicide Ideation Detection.
The Half-Life of a Tweet
Authors: Pfeffer Jürgen , Matter Daniel , Sargsyan Anahit
Published: June 2023

Twitter has started to share an impression count variable as part of the available public metrics for every Tweet collected with Twitter’s APIs. With the information about how often a particular Tweet has been shown to Twitter users at the time of data collection, we can learn important insights about the dissemination process of a Tweet by measuring its impression count repeatedly over time. With our preliminary analysis, we can show that on average the peak of impressions per second is 72 seconds after a Tweet was sent and that after 24 hours, no relevant number of impressions can be observed for ∼95% of all Tweets. Finally, we estimate that the median half-life of a Tweet, i.e. the time it takes before half of all impressions are created, is about 80 minutes.
HEAT TRANSFER AND PSYCHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A COUNTER-FLOW WET COOLING TOWER
Authors: Patra Alok , Misra Souren , Panda Santosh Kumar
Published: June 2023

Heat exchange takes place between two fluids (such as water and air or water and steam) in a cooling tower. A cooling tower (CT) is a critical element of the condenser unit. It plays a major role in enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the condenser. The CT has a variety of application and is widely used in petroleum refineries, chemical plants, steam power plants, nuclear power plants, processing plants, textile industries, etc. The impact of environment on the performance of CT plays a major role as it varies with temperature and humidity of the ambient condition. In the present work, a counter-flow wet cooling tower (CFWCT) operation under humid circumstances has been compared both experimentally and numerically. The performance analysis of the CT is carried out for such parameters as evaporation loss and energy loss from water to air. The temperature ratio (TR) and the effectiveness (ε) of CT are analyzed with the variation of the water flow rate (mω), air flow rate (ma), water temperature (Tω), and air temperature (Ta). The cooling tower temperature profile is determined by numerical analysis through ANSYS Fluent along the fluid flow path. The numerical analysis of CFWCT is validated with the experimental results. The present work will contribute to the literature of the design and performance analysis of cooling tower.
Anion/cation substitution in lead-free double-perovskite films: for band-gap optimization
Authors: Bhawna  , Alam Aftab , Aslam Mohammed
Published: June 2023

During the past few years, halide double perovskites have been extensively explored for designing eco-friendly and stable perovskite-family absorber materials. In this work, thin films of Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskites were successfully fabricated with the aim of obtaining a lead-free system. Optical studies confirmed the large band gap of 2.33 eV of Cs2AgBiBr6 films. Post-synthetic vapor treatment of Cs2AgBiBr6 thin films, with tin (IV) iodide (SnI4; SI), was performed to engineer their optical response. Structural and optical studies confirmed the phase purity of the various SI-treated films. X-ray diffraction studies further showed a systematic shift toward lower 2θ values, which signified the expansion of lattice parameters on SI substitution in the Cs2AgBiBr6 structure. The as-prepared pristine and SI-treated films showed good coverage with a reasonably large grain size. Furthermore, the optical studies revealed a 0.47 eV reduction in the band gap of SI-treated films, as opposed to a small band-gap change of approximately 0.22 eV when the pristine Cs2AgBiBr6 film was treated with cesium iodide (CsI). This showed the role of the combined effects of charge-balancing defects and compositional substitution in band-gap lowering in Cs2AgBiBr6. The controlled doping in lead-free double perovskites for improved optical properties might help in strengthening their use for future optoelectronic applications.
Structural Racism, Historical Redlining, and Incidence of Kidney Failure in US Cities, 2012–2019
Authors: Nguyen Kevin H. , Buckle-Rashid Rachel , Thorsness Rebecca , Agbai Chinyere O. , Crews Deidra C. , Trivedi Amal N.
Published: June 2023

Significance Statement

Residing in neighborhoods designated as grade D (hazardous) by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) under historical redlining—a discriminatory housing policy beginning in the 1930s—has been associated with present-day adverse health outcomes such as diabetes mortality. Historical redlining might underlie conditions in present-day neighborhoods that contribute to inequitable rates of kidney failure incidence, particularly for Black individuals, but its association with kidney disease is unknown. The authors found that among adults with incident kidney failure living in 141 metropolitan areas, residence in a historically redlined neighborhood rated grade D was associated with significantly higher kidney failure incidence rates compared with residence in a redlined grade A (best) neighborhood. These findings suggest that historical racist policies continue to affect current-day racial inequities in kidney health.

Background

Historical redlining was a 1930s federally sponsored housing policy that permitted the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) to develop color-coded maps and grade neighborhoods' mortgage lending risk on the basis of characteristics that included racial makeup. This practice has been associated with present-day health disparities. Racial inequities in kidney disease—particularly for Black individuals—have been linked to residential segregation and other structural inequities.

Methods

Using a registry of people with incident kidney failure and digitized HOLC maps, we examined the association between residence in a historically redlined US census tract (CT) with a historical HOLC grade of D or hazardous) and present-day annual CT-level incidence of kidney failure incidence among adults in 141 US metropolitan areas, in 2012 through 2019.

Results

Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted kidney failure incidence rates were significantly higher in CTs with a historical HOLC grade D compared with CTs with a historical HOLC grade of A or best (mean, 740.7 per million versus 326.5 per million, respectively, a difference of 414.1 per million). Compared with national averages of all adults in our sample, rates of kidney failure incidence were higher for Black adults in our study sample, irrespective of CT HOLC grade. Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted incidence rates for Black persons in CTs with a HOLC grade D were significantly higher than for Black persons residing in HOLC grade A CTs (mean, 1227.1 per million versus 1030.5 per million, respectively [a difference of 196.6 per million]).

Conclusions

Historical redlining is associated with present-day disparities in kidney failure incidence, demonstrating the legacy of historical racist policies on contemporary racial inequities in kidney health.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2023_08_24_JASN0000000000000165.mp3
Taste Dysfunction in Long COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: M Luhana , C Evans , BN Kumar
Published: June 2023

Background: To assess the prevalence of gustatory (taste) dysfunction in Long COVID-19 patients, along with the type of dysfunction and the time taken for its resolution. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study based on patients presenting to a specialist smell clinic being run as a part of long COVID clinic in an ENT department in a regional hospital in UK. Out of all these patients presenting to this clinic, the ones with taste problems with or without smell problems were included in this study and analysed from electronic patient records. Their taste dysfunction was described along with the follow up period to look at the resolution of symptoms and the time taken for the resolution. Results: 70% of the patients had hypogeusia, 22% had dysgeusia and 8% had ageusia. 52% of the patients showed partial resolution of taste dysfunction, 28 % showed complete resolution and 16% had no improvement in a follow up period of 29 months. Overall, the taste problems lasted for an average of 19.3 ± 7.51 months. Conclusions: From our study, we concluded there is a significant burden of taste dysfunction among the long COVID patients in addition to the smell dysfunction, and despite slow recovery, many of the patients are expected to recover months after the initial infection. Nevertheless, this adds to the distress of the patient as they are unable to enjoy their food during this time which can have negative effects on the quality of life of these patients.
Políticas de salud para las juventudes colombianas: la justicia social desde el enfoque de las capacidades
Authors: Aguirre Santafe Luz Adriana , Otálvaro Marín Bairon
Published: June 2023

En sentido general las políticas públicas sanitarias enfocadas en las juventudes colombianas tradicionalmente han contemplado aspectos que no abordan de forma integral las necesidades en materia de salud que estos colectivos requieren. Las juventudes representan el segundo grupo poblacional más importante de Colombia, sin embargo, su participación en la identificación de problemáticas en salud aún resulta limitada. En el presente artículo se problematizan, desde el enfoque de las capacidades, las limitaciones en términos de justicia social en el diseño e implementación de las políticas dirigidas a este grupo poblacional. A su vez, se analizan las implicaciones socioculturales que estos estigmas generan en las juventudes en cuanto a su participación en los espacios políticos en los que se definen las intervenciones en salud. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis de contenido sobre documentos internacionales, nacionales y locales para establecer la conceptualización de juventudes como grupo poblacional. Se retomaron referencias sobre participación referenciados en documentos de evaluación de la política pública de Juventud y finalmente se realizó una interpretación del enfoque de capacidades propuesto por Martha Nussbaum con relación a las juventudes como sujeto social y político en torno a la agencia de sus problemas de salud y las Políticas Públicas que les atañen. Conclusión: Las juventudes son un grupo diverso influenciado por el momento histórico, político y social en el que se desarrollan. Si bien hay un avance en el reconocimiento de su participación en los procesos la configuración de las Políticas Públicas de Salud aún es necesario transitar de la visión de riesgo a la de capacidades -en todos los niveles- para avanzar en términos de Justicia Social.
La sociología pragmática y el modelo de la balística sociológica
Authors: Zubizarreta Ekain , Trabal Patrick
Published: June 2023

La corriente pragmática que se describe en este artículo es la sociología de la controversia y del conflicto. El modelo que se expone es la balística sociológica, que se desarrolló con el objetivo de analizar las trayectorias de determinados problemas sociales, así como las de los actores que toman parte en los procesos de disputa y de los argumentos que movilizan. Además, se analiza cómo estos actores usan los principios morales y la fuerza de las redes de las que forman parte. Aunque estos problemas sociales puedan seguir trayectorias muy diversas, el modelo plantea el ciclo ideal de las controversias dividido en cinco etapas: emergencia del problema, controversia, polémica, movilización y regulación. Se concluye que el modelo resulta particularmente útil para el estudio de causas y movilizaciones de larga duración, en los que haya participado un gran número de actores, interviniendo en varias arenas de discusión. Asimismo, permite superar el clivaje entre los niveles macro y micro y dar cuenta, en todo momento, de los sucesos inesperados y de los efectos que se producen en los procesos de acción pública. Sin embargo, para que dicho análisis sea posible es necesario combinar distintas estrategias metodológicas y resulta conveniente emplear herramientas informáticas que permitan estudiar un gran volumen de datos.
Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to assess dopamine release in ex vivo mouse brain slices v1
Authors: Brimblecombe Katherine
Published: June 2023

This protocol is to assess whether a drug changes the dopamine concentration released following a single pulse (1p) electrical stimulation.
Synapse Staining - IHC - VGluT1 and PSD95 - Mouse Brain Sections v1
Authors: T Savage Justin
Published: June 2023

Instructions to stain for pre- and post-synaptic markers used to quantify the number of synapses in mouse brain. This protocol specifically labels VgluT1+ inputs which in the mouse cerebral cortex are intracortical. The post-synaptic marker is PSD95 which in the mouse cerebral cortex labels excitatory post-synapses. This protocol has been used to label synaptic compartments at several developmental ages and has been paired with standard confocal microscopy and super-resolution light microscopy (STED). The analysis is facilitated by an in-house ImageJ macro taking advantage of the diffraction limit of standard confocal microscopy to quantify synapses as the observed colocalization of pre- and post-synaptic markers.
Pole Testto assess motor coordination in parkinsonian mice v1
Authors: not provided natalia.lopezgonzalezdelrey
Published: June 2023

The pole test evaluates the motor coordination ability of a mouse by having them grasp a pole and then descend to its home cage.
Investimentos sustentáveis: a influência do índice de sustentabilidade empresarial - ISE no mercado de capitais brasileiro
Authors: Alcantara Samara Oliveira
Published: June 2023

No presente artigo buscou-se apresentar os principais pontos que caracterizam um investimento sustentável, seguindo os critérios de governança empresarial, sustentabilidade ambiental e social. Inicialmente foi realizada a delimitação dos tipos e iniciativas de investimento inseridos no mercado financeiro brasileiro e em como a dinâmica entre investidor e empresa vem se modificando, exigindo mais transparência e comprometimento das organizações. Em seguida, utilizando-se dos recursos bibliográficos, é analisada a influência da criação e aprofundamento dos preceitos do Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial - ISE, desenvolvido pela bolsa de valores Brasileira, no mercado investido e as perspectivas futuras dos investimentos sustentáveis.
Dimensão social da Sustentabilidade e o Transporte de animais domésticos no modal aéreo
Authors: Bianchi Michelly Aparecida de , Pereira Rafael Morais , Araujo Davi Lucas Arruda de
Published: June 2023

O presente estudo busca analisar o processo de transporte aéreo de animais domésticos, assim como as legislações relacionadas e as documentações exigidas pelas companhias aéreas, com uma base fundamentada na bibliografia e artigos recentes, assim como as polêmicas envolvidas, e as opiniões dos consumidores, que ainda compõem um mercado pequeno e mal explorado. Além disso, verificar a questão da gestão responsável no quesito social da sustentabilidade, para propor melhores práticas no processo de transporte, e o atual cenário dessa questão. O objetivo principal é analisar com base no referencial as lacunas existentes, e trazer em pauta questões importantes para os direitos dos animais, os aspectos sociais e o nicho de mercado que utiliza desse tipo de serviço. A preocupação com animais e o vínculo que os tutores possuem, é algo que tem sido pauta recentemente e tem repercutido na mídia. As exigências têm aumentado e a necessidade de reavaliar os processos atuais no transporte de animais domésticos pelo modal aéreo se faz necessário. A conclusão é a necessidade de mais estudos relacionados ao tema, mais esforços por parte das empresas e órgãos governamentais, e a necessidade de também explorar públicos menores que possuem uma possibilidade de expansão.
A közönséges mézontófű (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) termesztésének magyar vonatkozású történeti áttekintése
Authors: Dunai Éva , Pinke Gyula
Published: June 2023

Az Észak-Amerikában honos közönséges mézontófüvet vagy facéliát (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) a XIX. század vége óta termesztik a Kárpát-medencében. Elsőként kerti dísznövényként vetették, de ezzel egyidejűleg a benne rejlő méhészeti potenciált is felismerték. A “magyar méhészet jövőjének megmentőjét” látták a növényben, de a 2. világháborút követő időszakban, a nagybirtokrendszer széthullásával méhlegelőként csak lokálisan, kisüzemi keretek között vetették. A XX. század eleje óta számos kísérletben tanulmányozták takarmányozási felhasználhatóságát, és bár kezdetben ellentmondásos következtetésekre jutottak, az 1970-es évektől értékes takarmányként tartják nyilván. Szintén, több mint száz év alatt, nagyszámú kísérletben igazolták, hogy kiváló zöldtrágyanövény és főként a fonálférgekkel szemben talajfertőtlenítő hatással is rendelkezik. Az 1970-es évek vége óta a Kisalföldön fellendült a növény exportorientált vetőmagtermesztése, nagy- és kisüzemi keretek között egyaránt. Ez a tevékenység szorosan összekapcsolódott a vándorméhészettel, miáltal a növény napjainkra a legfontosabb mézelő növényeink közé lépett elő. Hazai termőterülete az elmúlt két évtizedben 1600 és 11000 ha között ingadozott.
Who is “Us” in “Nothing About Us Without US”? Rethinking the Politics of Disability Research.
Authors: Inckle Kay , Brighton James , Sparkes Andrew C.
Published: June 2023

No abstract available.
Affective Ablenationalisms and Interspecies Entanglements
Authors: Todd Anastasia
Published: June 2023

In 2015, the news outlet Today posted a video interview with Chopper Maroshek, a former Navy Seal, about the “unbreakable bond” between himself and his service dog, a German Shepherd named Chopper. Before Chopper was Maroshek’s service dog, he was his multi-purpose canine partner, trained and deployed for combat in Iraq and Afghanistan. This article analyzes representations of Chopper and Maroshek in the Today video, its comment archive, and popular news articles to show how Chopper, in his role as a multi-purpose canine-cum-service dog, is hailed to participate in the project of ablenationalism. I argue that Chopper is constructed as an exceptional technology of rehabilitation, facilitating Maroshek’s ability to fold back into the nation as an “able-disabled” subject. Building on transnational disability and animal studies scholarship, I illuminate how the circulation of Maroshek and Chopper’s spectacular story justifies the uneven biopolitical inclusion of American veterans with mental and/or psychiatric disabilities, effectively obscuring the violent production of disability through war. Ultimately, I show how the nationalist affects that shape Chopper as the apotheosis of a service dog covertly sutures an ablenationalist politics of disability to a racialized U.S. biopolitics of war.
A Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensor for Heart Failure Detection
Authors: Longsompurana P. , Pooarporn R. P.
Published: June 2023

The number of Heart Failure (HF) patients is increasing every year, which suggests that early BNP detection is necessary. It is highly desired to look for a new sensor because the Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) has the potential to be a cardiac biomarker for the diagnosis of HF. Due to this, the goal of this study was to create and develop a novel electrochemical sensor for BNP detection based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) rather than an antibody. The modification of carbon Screen Printed Electrode (SPCE) using functionalized-multiwall carbon nanotube/tris (bipyridine) ruthenium (II) chloride (f-MWCNTs/Ru) composites has the advantage of improving the electrode's electron transfer process, as effectively shown by the Cyclic Voltammogram (CV). Pyrrole (Py) and pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (Py3C) were used as a copolymeric matrix to create the BNP recognition sites. BNP and two monomers were electropolymerized together in a single step by CV method. Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) was used to determine the optimum conditions for the MIP-based BNP sensor, including the Py: Py3C ratio, the number of electropolymerizations, the rebinding pH, and the rebinding time. The DPV results of the new MB labeled NPs revealed directly proportional to the concentrations of rebinding BNP from 10 to 500 pg.cm-3 under optimal conditions, making them acceptable for the detection of both chronic and acute HF. This approach provides an improved detection range and may provide a novel and efficient platform for protein biomarkers.
Learners’ Differences in Blended Learner-Centric Approach for a Common Programming Subject
Authors:   School of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, UK., Cao Qi , Seow Chee Kiat , Lim Li Hong Idris , Keoh Sye Loong , Dale Vicki , Honeychurch Sarah , Tasler Nathalie , Bremner Duncan
Published: June 2023

As the number of students entering higher education increases with a growing diversity of background, educators of programming courses face increasing challenges. Different teaching pedagogies need to be explored for students with different background knowledge. Some students find programming courses difficult to understand and practice. It may lead to de-motivation and disengagement in learning process with consequential impact on their grades. Addressing these issues demands approaches for effective teaching programming courses to multidisciplinary cohorts. This article investigates how computing science (CS) and engineering cohorts respond differently to teaching approaches in a common module, Fundamentals of Programming. Both traditional teacher-centric teaching and a blended learner-centric approach have been explored in a diverse group of students. The blended learner-centric approach combines classroom teaching and self-paced blended learning using work examples videos method. These two teaching approaches have been evaluated in Academic Year 2019/2020. It can be seen from the evaluation results of 92 CS and 150 Engineering students who participate in this research that the performance is improved by about 5% through blended learner-centric approach. It is further observed that quantitatively the performance gap between CS and Engineering students has been reduced. Questionnaire survey has also been conducted with 54 CS and 89 Engineering students being responded. The learners’ perceptions of the blended learner-centric approach have also been compared between these two cohorts.
Discourse Analysis of Xinhua News Agency’s Social Media Content: A Review of Xinhua’s Reporting Perspectives of China’s Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Nie Yuxi
Published: June 2023

The use of digital media has gone through a major transition in China in the last decade. To study how China’s major official media outlet, Xinhua News Agency, interacts with social media, this paper examines the measures Xinhua has taken to promote the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) through digital channels. As an important part of the Chinese diplomacy, on the one hand, the Belt and Road Initiative shows Chinese leadership is calling for a proactive role in international relations; on the other hand, its establishment has caused contentions in the international media sphere. Based on Foucault’s approach on discourse, this paper examines the Chinese state media’s handling of the case on social media platforms Twitter and Sina Weibo in both the Chinese and English languages.
Reading Obstacles and Strategies from the Perspective of Schema Theory: A Case Study of Senior English Majors in Northwestern Polytechnical University
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Dong Junhong
Published: June 2023

Drawing on schema theory, this qualitative study explores reading obstacles English learners face, the causes of these obstacles and the reading strategies being used in reading. Three main themes emerged, which are a) reading obstacles encountered by English learners: reading obstacles of receiving visual information, reading obstacles of lacking non-visual information, reading obstacles of readers’ subjective purpose and attitude; b) three causes of reading obstacle: lacking certain schemata, failing to activate prior schemata, possessing limited knowledge about reading strategies; c) the situation of reading strategies employed by English learners. On the basis of the findings, pedagogical implications for both English learners and EFL teacher are given at the end of the thesis.
From Identity Crisis to Identity Construction: A Study of Identity Issues in Beloved
Authors: Zhang Qian , Sun Yu
Published: June 2023

The 1993 Nobel Prize winner Toni Morrison is one of the most prominent black female writers in contemporary American literature. Beloved is her very outstanding work and wins the Pulitzer Prize for Best Novel. It reveals the darkness of slavery and its torture towards the blacks. This paper tries to show the tragic destiny of the blacks, criticize the extremely negative influence of cultural hegemony and the other, and explore ways to construct identity. The colonialism and racism of cultural hegemony and the other are the prime causes of identity crisis. The blacks should face the miserable history bravely, dissolve the erosion of white culture, recover and develop black culture on the basis of traditional culture. Only in this way, can they come out of the shadow and obtain true freedom.
Re (Imagining) Water Pedagogies in Early Childhood Education and Care Programs
Authors: Mathurin Georgiana
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses possibilities of relational world making with water. Many Canadian early childhood education and care programs continue to engage water through a developmentalist lens, such as through practices that focus on containing, extracting, and trapping water. Children’s explorations, such as with sensory water bottles and water tables, are predominantly viewed through narrow learning and developmental milestones. This deficit perspective maintains colonial and commodified relations with water. This paper presents some ways children and early childhood educators can create liveable worlds with water.
«LEGITIMATE RIGHT» TO LOOT: THE DISTRIBUTION OF WAR BOOTY AND ROMAN CIVITAS OF THE REPUBLIC
Authors:   Saratov State University, Rastegaeva M.N.
Published: June 2023

the article examines the distribution and use of war booty in the Roman Republic. In spite of quite extensive historiography on this question, scholars as a rule focused their interest on the role of the commander in the process of dividing the loot, and the collective of citizens of the Roman state, which also claimed part of the loot, unreasonably remained without required attention. Therefore the article analyzes the parts of the Roman civitas, among which the spoils of war were distributed, namely, the commander, the soldiers and the treasury. Besides the desire of each of the parties to get their «legitimate» part of the loot inevitably led to a number of conflicts, which were later reflected in the literary tradition. Based on the information from narrative sources, author of the article highlights not the economic, but the political and ideological aspects of the problem – how the distribution of loot was carried out, what traditions were formed for this procedure, whether there was any law, what social contradictions were in the division of the loot, what ideas are associated with this process and what place civil community is occupied in the distribution of the spoils of war. Discussion of all these issues allows us to create an idea of the role that war booty played in the economy of the Roman Republic; in particular, the article reveals the issues of the relations between war booty and tax system. In addition, the article presents a number of important remarks on the interrelation of the commander, the army and the state treasury, which were the main players in the process of dividing the spoils of war. The article concludes that in Rome, until the end of the Republic, there was no universal norm of law which would regulate the processes of distribution of war booty; it is more likely to claim that there is some tradition which took into account the interests of all parties and changed with the development of Roman statehood.
HERODOTUS’ STORIES ABOUT ANACHARSIS AND SCYLES: SCYTHIANS AND XEINIKA NOMAIA (HDT. IV.76–80)
Authors:   The Russian Christian Academy for the Humanities, Sinitsyn A.A.
Published: June 2023

Herodotus’ logos about Scythians and ξεινικὰ νόμαια – amusing and ominous, as is typical of him, yet insightful – consists of two stories about the sad lots of Anacharsis and Scyles; the story begins with a statement that Scythians shun practicing customs of other peoples, particularly those of Hellas; it ends as an adage asserting the initial statement: that is the way Scythians guard their customs (IV.76–80). Herodotus describes the barbarian neighbours’ attitude towards foreign and alien customs. But these two examples are about their own, Scythian, heroes or rather antiheroes. The Scythian kings make short work not of aliens but of their fellow countrymen who betrayed their own customs and deny their ancestors’ faith. The Scythians regard Anacharsis’ and Scyles’ deeds as a crime against their culture. Both the philhellenes forswear their native religion and customs and abandon themselves to Greek ritual practices; therefore, they suffer for their behaviour. The author of the article holds that Herodotus was sympathetic to Scythians’ resentment against ξεινικὰ νόμαια. The Greek historian writes for his, Greek, readers/audience. The stories about Anacharsis and Scyles are not as much about the notorious ‘otherness’ of different cultures and certainly not about their severity and savageness, their cruelty and antipathy towards outlandishness. The Father of History speaks about piety and patriotism of Scythians, who believe that the offence against νόμαια is a threat to the very foundation of their culture. These illustrative examples are meant for the Hellenic audience; the amusing λόγοι about Oriental themes serve as an entreaty for Hellenes themselves.
ROME AND CAPPADOCIA ON THE EVE OF THE MITHRIDATIC WARS: FROM INACTION TO INTERVENTION
Authors:   Saratov State University, Smykov E.V.
Published: June 2023

the article examines the relations between Rome and the Kingdom of Cappadocia on the eve of the First Mithridatic War. Although allied relations between them had existed for several decades, Rome showed little interest in events in this remote region. Only the rise of Pontus and the desire of Mithridates Eupator to strengthen his influence here prompted the Senate to take more active action. It is generally accepted that Gaius Marius studied the situation in the East on the spot during his trip to Pessinunt; the article suggests that it is more likely to associate this with the Asian mission of the Princeps Senatus M. Aemilius Scaurus. Little is known about it, but this does not give reason not to take into account this fact itself. The direct intervention of Rome occurred in connection with the election of a new monarch after the suppression of the Ariaratid dynasty. This intervention was carried out by L. Cornelius Sulla in the interests of Ariobarzan, who was elected king. The article accepts the opinion that Sulla, fulfilling the task entrusted to him, was in the East not for one year, but for two or three. However, the success of his mission was temporary, since later Mithridates, in alliance with Tigranes the Great, king of Armenia, again invaded Cappadocia. The result of all these events was the war of Rome with Mithridates. Ariobarzan had no opportunities for independent politics and was completely dependent on the support of Rome, without which his kingdom would simply disappear from the political map.
TITUS LABIENUS, VIR «FORTIS IN ARMIS»
Authors:   Saratov State University, Dolgova Т.А.
Published: June 2023

the article examines the activities of Titus Labienus, Caesar’s legate in Gaul and a prominent commander in Pompey’s army during the Civil War. His biography is known with large lacunas, as are his political leanings. In Caesar’s Gallic campaigns Labienus served as a legatus pro praetore and proved himself to be a talented military commander. But the fact that he had been praetor before this seems doubtful. With the outbreak of the civil war Labienus defected to Pompey. The motive seems to have been his unsatisfied ambition. After Pompey’s death, Labienus took part in the fight against Caesar in Africa and Spain. Changing sides, Labienus left himself no choice but to fight to the end.
A PHOENICIAN ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ IN PANTICAPAEUM?
Authors:   HSE National Research University, Shelov-Kovedyaev F.V.
Published: June 2023

the paper proposes to read in the graffito on the attic black-glazed kylix founded in Kertch at 2017 – yod, beth, and shin: 12 sh(iglu), i.e. a bank receipt the bearer of which was supposed to get this money from the Phoenician trapezites in Panticapaeum. Also, the author analyzes the archaeological, and literary data reflecting the business relations between Phoenicia and the North Shore of the Black Sea from the beginning of VIIth century BC.
LATE HERACLEAN AMPHORAS FROM MOUND 1 OF THE CHEBOTAREV VII BURIAL GROUND
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Demidenko S.V. , Lomtadze G.A. ,   State Historical Museum, Morozov P.M. ,   Geoprojectsurvey LLC
Published: June 2023

the article is devoted to the publication of two Late Heraclean amphoras from the cache of burial 1, kurgan 1 of the Chebotarev VII burial ground, located in the Aksai district of the Rostov-on-Don region. According to the metric and morphological characteristics, both amphoras belong to the CIVA2 type according to the classification of S.Yu. Vnukov and date back no earlier than the third quarter of the 1st century AD. Comparison of published specimens with amphoras from a well-known mound near the village of Thresholds (Yampolsky district, Vinnitsa region, Ukrainian SSR) allows us to date them within the limits of the end of the 1st century AD.
PERSEUS, THE «MACEDONIAN SHIELD» AND KAUSIA
Authors:   Samara branch of the Moscow City University, Kuzmin Yu.N.
Published: June 2023

the reverse of the denarii minted in Rome in 63 or 62 BC, with one of the moneyers at the time being L. Aemilius Lepidus Paullus, shows the conqueror of Macedonia L. Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus, as well as Perseus, the captured last king of the Antigonid dynasty, his children and a trophy. Some of these coins have the trophy depicting a shield of the so-called «Macedonian type» with its typical geometric and astral design. In 2012 a well preserved sample of this denarius from the so-called «Mayflower Collection» was sold at an auction. On that particular coin Perseus is illustrated wearing a kausia, a headdress probably of Macedonian origin, which became widespread in the Hellenistic world. The captive king’s facial features bear resemblance to the portraits of Perseus on the tetradrachms minted during his reign. Both the «Macedonian shield» and the kausia were seen as symbols of Macedonia and other Hellenistic kingdoms, still recognizable a century after Alexander the Great’s homeland had lost its independence.
Delayed post-ischemic leukoencephalopathy in emergent large-vessel occlusive stroke after mechanical thrombectomy: case reports
Authors: Ryu Jae-Chan , Lee Dongwhane , Kwon Sun U. , Chang Jun Young
Published: June 2023

Background: Delayed post-ischemic leukoencephalopathy (DPIL) is a rare complication after mechanical thrombectomy, with no well-established clinical characteristics and patho-mechanism. We explored the characteristics and possible mechanisms in three patients with DPIL. Case Report: Based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings including magnetic-resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electroencephalography, and lumbar puncture, DPIL was diagnosed in three patients. We administered antiplatelet agents and conservative treatment. Cardioembolism, successful recanalization using a balloon guiding catheter, and fluctuating or gradually worsening neurological symptoms in delayed phase between 13 and 70 days were common features of DPIL. Diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery showed high-signal intensity in the affected subcortical white matter. Laboratory findings provided no evidence of an epileptic disorder, inflammatory demyelination, or tumorous conditions. Conclusion: This report shows the characteristics and neuroradiologic images of DPIL. Among the various hypotheses, regional hypoxic-ischemic leukoencephalopathy and delayed reperfusion injury might be the patho-mechanism underlying DPIL.
O FESTIVAL DE INVERNO DE PEDRO II-PI E O PERÍODO PANDÊMICO
Authors: Maranhão Christiano
Published: June 2023

O presente estudo buscar analisar as percepções e desdobramentos causados pela pandemia da Covid-19 sobre o Festival de Inverno da cidade de Pedro II-PI. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório-descritivo, de viés qualitativo, que se operacionaliza a partir da análise documental e da aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores e empreendedores do turismo. Como principais resultados observa-se a importância do Festival, como um elemento catalisador do turismo na cidade de Pedro II, entendendo-o como um evento que promove o turismo na cidade, estimulando a cadeia produtiva local. Percebe-se também que, durante a pandemia, o setor turístico sofreu importantes perdas econômicas que refletiram diretamente nas localidades, assim, notou-se a falta do suporte e articulação, do poder público, que acabou gerando distintas percepções e desdobramentos, inclusive a dificuldade de adaptação ao cenário pandêmico e a agilidade com a retomada das atividades.
Impacto de los linchamientos de delincuentes en la frecuencia de delitos denunciados en Perú durante 2017
Authors: Arela-Bobadilla Ronal Wilfredo
Published: June 2023

¿Son efectivos los linchamientos para reducir la delincuencia? Esta investigación evalúa el impacto de los ajusticiamientos populares en la frecuencia de delitos denunciados en 2017 en el ámbito distrital en el Perú. Se estimaron modelos de diferencias en diferencias (DiD) y regresión discontinua (RD) para datos de conteo en una base de datos longitudinal. La evidencia indica que en el ámbito distrital no existe un impacto de los ajusticiamientos populares en la ocurrencia de denuncias de delitos en el rango de 3, 7, 14, 30 y 60 días antes y después del ajusticiamiento.
El modelo internacional de política científica
Authors: Chávarro Luis Alfonso
Published: June 2023

Tras la vigencia del modelo lineal de política científica, desde los años sesenta se fue gestando un modelo centrado en la economía de la innovación y la competitividad que, hacia los ochenta, se materializó en guiones, rápidamente difundidos y apropiados en muchos países del mundo occidental. Sus fuentes conceptuales se encuentran en ideas de economistas de la talla de Schumpeter, Smith y Ricardo, pero una vez reelaboradas en la literatura de management fueron socializadas en las esferas de toma de decisiones sobre generación de conocimiento científico. Dicho modelo, centrado en la innovación económica, privilegia la investigación aplicada por encima de la investigación básica, en detrimento de otras formas de innovación como la social, la artística y la ambiental. Su rápida asimilación en los lineamientos de política científica de los países latinoamericanos pone en relieve un fenómeno de difusión por imitación más que por reflexión sobre las verdaderas capacidades de los países, y ello ha dado lugar a un isomorfismo mimético de instituciones, sistemas y prácticas de investigación, alejado de los temas de las necesidades relevantes de investigación. Así, tras la pandemia del 2020, se ha hecho evidente la precariedad de la investigación a que ha conducido dicho modelo, en el contexto latinoamericano.
Comparative Study on Morphological Characteristics, Ethno Botanical and Ethno Pharmacological Importance of Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens
Authors: Kalpana C.V. , Vrinda K.C.
Published: June 2023

Background: Capsicum annuum L. belongs to the family Solanaceae is primarily used as a spicy vegetable and as a minor ingredient in wide variety of cuisines, dishes, spice blends and sauces. The current study was dealt with the comparison of morphology of vegetative and reproductive parts and ethno botanical and pharmacological importance of Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens. Both are shrubby herbs which have an average height ranging between 60-75 cm. Methods: The study materials (flowers, fruits and seeds) were collected from each ten plants of the two varieties of Capsicum annuum L. (Capsicum annuum L. var. Annuum and Capsicum annuum L. var. Frutescens) based on their fruit setting. Result: The results clearly showed the morphological similarities and differences present in terms of nature and arrangement of leaves, flowers and fruits and a short review of their ethno botanical and pharmacological properties.