bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of children living with non-biological parents and its determinants among children under 18 in Ethiopia: a multi-level mixed effect analysis
Authors: Tekeba Berhan , Zegeye Alebachew Ferede , Tamir Tadesse Tarik
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The absence of a biological parent from a child's existence had a negative impact on the child's growth, socialization, psychological wellbeing, and economic productivity. Developing nations like Ethiopia experience a huge number of orphans and family-unbounded children. But the exact figure has not been reported yet at the national level recently. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitudes and determinants of children living with non-biologic parents in Ethiopia.

Methods

Secondary data analysis was conducted based on the demographic and health survey data conducted in Ethiopia in 2016. A total weighted sample of 41,884 children under the age of 18 from 5 years preceding the survey was included in this study. A multi-level logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of children living with non-biologic parents. The adjusted odds ratio at 95% Cl was computed to assess the strength and significance of the association between explanatory and outcome variables. Factors with a p < 0.05 are declared statistically significant.

Results

The prevalence of children living with non-biologic parents in Ethiopia was 17.58% (95% CI, 17.22–17.95). Being an orphan (AOR = 4.57, 95% CI: 2.40–7.25), being in first birth order (AOR = 8.22, 95% CI: 6.31–9.17), being from a household lacking formal family structure (AOR = 8.60, 95% CI: 6.20–12.30), and being from a female-headed household (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 2.65–4.43) were individual-level factors that were significantly associated with children living with non-biologic parents. Being a rural resident (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.23–3.08) and having a high community poverty level (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01–1.75) were community-level determinants of children living with non-biologic parents.

Conclusion

According to this study, a significant proportion of children live with non-biological parents in Ethiopia. Thus, policymakers, health planners, and implementers need to give special attention to children from rural communities, orphans, firstborn children, and broken families. In addition, efforts shall be made to empower women and, in the long run, improve the economy of the community.
Rural patients' satisfaction with humanistic nursing care in Chinese Public Tertiary Hospitals: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Chuang , Wang Ning , Zhang Haixin , Yan Yongguang , Chen Huiling , Jiang Ruxin , Chang Yulan , Zhao Pingfan , Cheng Qiaomei , Song Bing , Guo Shujie
Published: December 2024

Background

The provision of high-quality healthcare services and patient satisfaction are fundamental objectives in modern healthcare. Humanistic nursing care, which emphasizes empathy, respect for individuality, and cultural sensitivity, aims to build trust and improve the overall experience for patients. This approach is especially relevant for rural patients in China, who often face additional challenges in accessing care in large tertiary hospitals.

Methods

A multistage, stratified sampling method was employed to collect data from 8,263 patients aged 18 years or older in large public tertiary hospitals. Humanistic care satisfaction scores were measured using the Nurse Caring Instrument (NCI) questionnaire, a validated tool for assessing patient satisfaction with nursing care.

Results

Satisfaction with nursing humanistic care among rural Chinese patients attending large tertiary public hospitals was low with the overall mean satisfaction score 81.62 ± 16.85. Significant differences in satisfaction were found based on age, marital status, number of children, educational attainment, occupation, monthly household income, department visited, type of medical insurance, and first-time visitor. A multivariate analysis revealed positive correlations with satisfaction for factors such as having children, higher education, higher family monthly income, and first-time visitor, and negative correlations for factors such as older age, being widowed, department visited, and region.

Conclusion

Older adults, widowed individuals, and first-time patients expressed lower levels of satisfaction, highlighting the need for tailored interventions. The findings provide insights into the impact of humanistic nursing care for rural patients and emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive approaches to improve patient satisfaction in rural China. This study has several limitations. The cross-sectional design restricts the ability to establish causal relationships, and there is a potential for selection bias, as participants who completed the survey may have higher educational and economic levels, possibly leading to an overestimation of satisfaction. Lastly, as this study focused on rural patients in large public tertiary hospitals in China, the findings may not be generalizable to other settings or patient groups. Future studies should address these limitations for broader applicability and insight.
Traditional Chinese medicine strategies to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance in Chinese children
Authors: Xue Zhilong , Zheng Yanzhi , Wei Lina , Tian Tong , Wu Jiaqi , Jin Aning , Sun Liping
Published: December 2024

Antibiotic resistance is one of the greatest threats to human health, especially children's health. Traditional Chinese medicine encompasses several documented treatments for pediatric infectious diseases. The antibacterial efficacy and potential of traditional Chinese medicine to reverse bacterial resistance are gaining increasing research attention. This study explores the strategies that have been used to implement traditional Chinese medicine to optimize antibiotic use and reduce the burden of antibiotic resistance in children, as well as the challenges encountered. The findings emphasize the necessity for the Chinese government and the health community to take coordinated action, leveraging the unique strengths of traditional Chinese medicine to address the global health challenge posed by antibiotic resistance.
Sexual desire for non-normative sexual behaviors: differences between centennials and millennials considering sexual orientation
Authors: Paramio Alberto , Tejeiro Ricardo , Romero-Moreno Antonio , Rusillo-Molina María , Cruces-Montes Serafín
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Non-normative sexual behaviors were traditionally studied from a psychopathological perspective, although nowadays a distinction is made between paraphilia (nonpathological) and paraphilic disorder (mental disorder).

Methods

The present study aims to examine the differences between a group of millennials (n = 173) and centennials (n = 159) in their appetite for these sexual behaviors without the preconception of these behaviors as harmful or pathological.

Results

Differences in appetite related to exhibitionism and foot fetishism were found in the first instance, with millennials showing a greater appetite for these. When including sexual orientation in the analysis, in addition to exhibitionism and foot fetishism, differences were found in behaviors related to asphyxiation, bestiality and urophilia. Millennials and homobisexual centennials showed the highest appetite for exhibitionism behaviors, homo-bisexual centennials for choking behaviors and bestiality and homo-bisexual millennials for foot fetishism and urophilia-related behaviors.

Discussion

Exploring nonnormative behaviors from a non-psychopathological perspective will help us to understand the evolution of sexual appetite as part of human sexual diversity and to prevent risky behaviors.
Firsts in their field: the perceptions of women who have led the way
Authors: Stone Margaret , Chapman Pippa , Khasnis Urvi , Collins David
Published: December 2024

The role women play in sport has been the subject of considerable discussion and research since the nineteen seventies. Much of this research has been descriptive or focused on the barriers, women face in advancing into a leadership role in a sporting organization. In an attempt to enrich the picture, women role models who occupy or have occupied leadership roles in sporting organizations were identified to gain their perspective, in their own words, on the challenges and requirements needed to be successful. The experience of these high achieving women has value in paving the way for future generations with ambitions to succeed in a leadership role in sport. Six women were identified and interviewed as the first to occupy their position in a sporting organization. Using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis data were thematically analyzed against three predetermined themes, attributes they possessed, challenges they faced, and coping skills they used in aiding them to succeed in their positions.
JU:MP leads: sparking physical activity leadership and supporting positive youth development in a deprived community
Authors: Crowther Jamie , Lever Elliot , Dogra Sufyan , Barber Sally , Hall Jennifer
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Physical activity interventions in deprived communities should acknowledge the social, political, and cultural context in which they are delivered. Targeted young leaders programs can harness positive youth development principles and address these concerns by engaging underrepresented young people and developing them as physical activity leaders who can support local delivery efforts. Community-based Youth Leadership development programs are under-researched, and little is known about how to develop young people from deprived communities as physical activity leaders.

Methods

This research project used interviews, focus groups and Ripple Effects Mapping to evaluate a community based young physical activity leaders development program delivered in a community with high levels of deprivation in Bradford, UK.

Results

The program, known as “JU:MP leads” developed 20 young people aged 16-25 as young leaders between September 2022 and September 2023. Thematic analysis of data uncovered that a community-based young leaders development program can be effective in supporting local young people from a deprived community to develop as physical activity leaders, particularly when adopting a flexible delivery model through which young people can engage around other commitments. Key mechanisms within the program that supported development included the acquisition of formal, nationally recognised qualifications, informal training and mentorship, peer support and ongoing reflection. These key mechanisms of the program facilitated the personal and professional development of the young people into confident and assured physical activity leaders.

Discussion

The research concluded that community based physical activity leaders programs can support Positive Youth Development of young people from deprived communities by developing their skills and supporting them to make valid contributions to local physical activity provision.
Global perspective on red chili drying: insights from two decades of research (2004–2023)
Authors: Elmatsani Huda M. , Munarso S. Joni , Benyamin Boni , Budiyanto Agus , Yohanes Heryoki , Djafar Mochammad Jusuf , Sjafrina Noveria , Koeslulat Ermi E. , Lukas Amos , Lanjar Lanjar , Arianto Arief
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the drying of red chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) has garnered increasing attention in the global food industry, resulting in significant advances in drying techniques. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of red chili drying research from 2004 to 2023, using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software. The analysis adopts a two-pronged approach: (1) research structure analysis, which maps collaborative networks among researchers, and (2) topic development analysis, which explores thematic evolution in this field. The results indicate a steady annual growth rate of 6.65% in publications, with major contributions from countries such as Turkey, India, and China. Drying technologies have advanced from traditional methods like sun drying to modern techniques, including solar, convective, infrared, ultrasound, radio-frequency, microwave, and freeze drying. These innovations not only improve efficiency but also help retain the sensory and bioactive qualities of chili peppers, such as color, texture, capsaicinoids, and antioxidants. Recent trends highlight the importance of optimizing processes to enhance product quality while minimizing energy consumption, contributing to food sustainability. Innovations in pre-treatment techniques, such as blanching and cold plasma, have also demonstrated potential in preserving bioactive compounds. Additionally, hybrid methods that combine drying techniques with pre-treatment strategies offer an optimal balance between efficiency and quality. The study recommends that future research focus on comparative analyses of different drying methods, examining their effects on product quality and energy efficiency. These insights aim to guide researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders in developing more sustainable and effective drying technologies for red chili.
Oral fluid testing can be used to monitor xenotransplant donor herds for porcine cytomegalovirus/roseolovirus status
Authors: Schommer Susan K. , Samuel Melissa S. , Whitworth Kristin M. , Byrne Addison K. , Wells Kevin D. , Prather Randall S.
Published: December 2024

A major concern of xenotransplantation is that donor organs may be a source of pathogens. One pathogen in particular, porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV), a porcine roseolovirus (PRV), is thought to result in donor organ failure in an immunosuppressed state. Porcine cytomegalovirus is difficult to detect in organ donor swine because of its ability to establish latency. Establishment of an antemortem testing protocol to monitor and maintain PCMV/PRV negative herd status decreases the risk of inadvertently using an organ harboring the virus. Oral fluid has become a common sample for detecting a number of porcine pathogens. A real-time PCR assay was adapted to include an internal control for inhibition and results from antemortem samples (blood, oral fluid) were compared to postmortem spleen from pigs in a known positive herd. When using both oral fluid and blood to test pigs over 12 months of age 13/20 animals with positive spleens tested real-time PCR positive. Animals younger than 12 months of age were tested individually and in group housing with all pigs positive by oral fluid and/or blood. PCMV/PRV testing of oral fluid in young animals and a combination of blood and oral fluid in older animals can be used to verify that a herd has been kept PCMV/PRV free, as in the high biosecurity facility of the National Swine Resource and Research Center.
Wild boar carcasses in the center of boar activity: crucial risks of ASF transmission
Authors: Cukor Jan , Faltusová Monika , Vacek Zdeněk , Linda Rostislav , Skoták Vlastimil , Václavek Petr , Ježek Miloš , Šálek Martin , Havránek František
Published: December 2024

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly virulent disease rapidly spreading through Europe with fatal consequences for wild boar and domestic pigs. Understanding pathogen transmission among individuals and populations is crucial for disease control. However, the carcass attractiveness for boars was surprisingly almost unstudied. Here, we evaluated if the wild boar carcasses are perceived as an attractant compared to the control sites throughout the year. For this purpose, 28 wild boar carcasses were placed in seven forest stands and continuously monitored in 2019–2020 by camera traps combined with control locations situated at least 200 m away in comparable habitats. Overall, we have recorded 3,602 wild boar visits, from which 3,017 (83.8%) were recorded in locations with placed carcasses and 585 (16.2%) in control locations. Most visits were recorded after sunset and before sunrise, corresponding to common peaks of wild boar activity. On average, the first visits were detected 4.7 days after carcass placement. Contrarily, it was 61.5 days for the control site. In conclusion, we have proven an enormous wild boar carcass attractiveness for boars, which exhibits an entirely new aspect of wild boar behavior. Therefore, the carcass removal is a crucial measure for controlling the spread of ASF.
A Hybrid FMEA-ROC-CoCoSo Approach for Improved Risk Assessment and Reduced Complexity in Failure Mode Prioritization
Authors: Anes Vitor , Abreu António
Published: December 2024

This paper proposes a novel hybrid model that integrates failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), Rank Order Centroid (ROC), and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) to improve risk assessment and prioritization of failure modes. A case study in the healthcare sector will be conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. ROC is used to assign weights to the FMEA criteria (severity, occurrence, and detectability). CoCoSo is then applied to create a robust ranking of failure modes by considering multiple criteria simultaneously. The results of the case study show that the hybrid FMEA-ROC-CoCoSo model improves the accuracy and objectivity of risk prioritization. It effectively identifies critical failure modes, outperforming traditional FMEA. The hybrid approach not only improves risk management decision making, leading to better mitigation strategies and higher system reliability, but also reduces the complexity typically found in FMEA hybrid models. This model provides a more comprehensive risk assessment tool suitable for application in different industries.
Robust Design Optimization of Viscoelastic Damped Composite Structures Integrating Model Order Reduction and Generalized Stochastic Collocation
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Xu Chao , Li Teng
Published: December 2024

This study presents a novel approach that integrates model order reduction (MOR) and generalized stochastic collocation (gSC) to enhance robust design optimization (RDO) of viscoelastic damped composite structures under material and geometric uncertainties. The proposed methodology systematically reduces computational burden while maintaining the required accuracy. A projection-based MOR is chosen to alleviate the substantial computational costs associated with nonlinear eigenvalue problems. To minimize the sampling size for uncertainty propagation (UP) while effectively addressing diverse probability density distributions, a gSC method incorporating statistical moment computation techniques is developed. Pareto optimal solutions are determined by combining the proposed MOR and gSC approaches with a well-established Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) algorithm, which accounts for robustness in handling design variables, objectives, and constraints. The results of the four examples illustrate the efficacy of the proposed MOR and gSC methods, as well as the overall RDO framework. Notably, the findings demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for practical applications, driven by a significant reduction in computational costs. This establishes a solid foundation for addressing complex optimization challenges in real-world scenarios characterized by various uncertainties.
Facts, Dogmas, and Unknowns About Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer
Authors: Junco Milagros , Ventura Clara , Santiago Valtierra Florencia Ximena , Maldonado Eduardo Nestor
Published: December 2024

Cancer metabolism is sustained both by enhanced aerobic glycolysis, characteristic of the Warburg phenotype, and oxidative metabolism. Cell survival and proliferation depends on a dynamic equilibrium between mitochondrial function and glycolysis, which is heterogeneous between tumors and even within the same tumor. During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons from NADH and FADH2 originated in the tricarboxylic acid cycle flow through complexes of the electron transport chain. Single electron leaks at specific complexes of the electron transport chain generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are a concentration-dependent double-edged sword that plays multifaceted roles in cancer metabolism. ROS serve either as signaling molecules favoring cellular homeostasis and proliferation or damage DNA, protein and lipids, causing cell death. Several aspects of ROS biology still remain unsolved. Among the unknowns are the actual levels at which ROS become cytotoxic and if toxicity depends on specific ROS species or if it is caused by a cumulative effect of all of them. In this review, we describe mechanisms of mitochondrial ROS production, detoxification, ROS-induced cytotoxicity, and the use of antioxidants in cancer treatment. We also provide updated information about critical questions on the biology of ROS on cancer metabolism and discuss dogmas that lack adequate experimental demonstration. Overall, this review brings a comprehensive perspective of ROS as drivers of cancer progression, inducers of cell death, and the potential use of antioxidants as anticancer therapy.
Everyday Nationalism and the Politics of Public Space—How National Security Policies Create Zones of In(Security) in Vienna
Authors: Kränzle Elina
Published: December 2024

While cities have always embodied difference, with their diverse inhabitants contributing to urban culture and economy, the underlying legitimation of belonging in the democratic nation-state continues to be based on an essentialized national identity. This study sheds light on the ways in which diverse cities, and specifically public spaces as spaces of encounter, are produced discursively on the level of the nation-state. The study employs Critical Frame Analysis (CFA) to examine the Austrian Security Police Act amendments between 2005 and 2018. This analysis focuses on how policy-making processes on the level of national legislation have discursively shaped public spaces in Vienna as zones of (in)security. The analysis reveals that national governments in Austria have increasingly framed urban public spaces as areas of insecurity. This framing aligns with broader nationalist agendas that seek to delineate who belongs within the nation, thereby exacerbating tensions between local multicultural practices and national discourses. The study highlights a significant gap between everyday multicultural encounters in urban spaces and national policies that reinforce exclusionary, homogeneous identities. These findings underscore the role of public space as a battleground for broader ideological conflicts over national identity and belonging.
Practice and Reflection on Rammed Earth Architecture: The Case Study of Tiles Hill–Xiangshan Campus Reception Centre in China
Authors: Chen Lichao , Lan Zhiyu , Wei Chaochao , Ouyang Dan , Shi Boren , Chen Peiyin , Wang Mingzhe , Xie Tianyi
Published: December 2024

This article documents the rammed earth construction practices undertaken at the “Tiles Hill–Xiangshan Campus Reception Centre” project. Traditional rammed earth craftsmanship is a sustainable construction method, with its core rooted in the precise material ratios and building techniques. This project aimed to explore the revival of this nearly forgotten vernacular construction method by integrating modern building technologies, all while adhering to the principle of avoiding any stabilizer additives. The project utilized a total of 2200 cubic meters of rammed earth to construct 16 walls, predominantly oriented north-south, with heights ranging from 3.6 m to 9.6 m and a thickness of 0.6 m. Before the formal commencement of the project, the team conducted experiments in the laboratory, constructing test walls to determine the optimal template fabrication and installation system compatible with modern rammed earth techniques. During the construction process, the team refined the rammed earth techniques, addressing challenges such as wall tilting, horizontal cracking caused by material settlement, and the flexible connection between the earthen walls and the primary structural framework through rational structural node design. The walls also passed compressive strength tests. Furthermore, advancements in the construction process allowed for the recycling and reuse of excavated soil. The article emphasizes that the sustainability of rammed earth techniques extends beyond material reuse to encompass the material’s inherent environmental friendliness and nondestructive nature. It argues that, provided there is a thorough understanding of the material properties of soil and reasonable structural and node design, coupled with the addition of necessary structural measures, it is entirely feasible to achieve ecological sustainability in rammed earth construction without the use of stabilizing additives.
Updates in Management of Unresectable Stage III Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Radiation Oncology Perspective
Authors: Narra Lakshmi Rekha , Kumar Ritesh , Deek Matthew P. , Jabbour Salma K.
Published: December 2024

Unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a clinical challenge, due to the need for optimal local and systemic control. The management of unresectable Stage III NSCLC has evolved with advancements in radiation therapy (RT), systemic therapies, and immunotherapy. For patients with locally advanced NSCLC who are not surgical candidates, concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has modest survival outcomes, due to both local progression and distant metastasis. Efforts to enhance outcomes have led to dose-escalation trials, advances in modern RT techniques such as intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) and proton beam therapy (PBT), and the integration of adaptive RT to optimize target coverage while sparing organs at risk. Concurrent and consolidative immunotherapy, particularly with PD-L1 inhibitors, has shown promise, as evidenced by the PACIFIC trial, which demonstrated improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) with durvalumab following CRT. Ongoing trials are now investigating novel immunotherapy combinations and targeted therapies in this setting, including dual checkpoint inhibition, DNA repair inhibitors, and molecularly targeted agents like osimertinib for EGFR-mutated NSCLC. Emerging biomarkers, such as circulating tumor DNA and radiomics, offer potential for personalizing treatment and predicting outcomes. Additionally, PBT and MR-guided adaptive RT have shown the potential to reduce toxicities while maintaining efficacy. Integrating these novel approaches may offer opportunities for optimizing treatment responses and minimizing adverse effects in this challenging patient population. Further investigation into patient stratification, biomarker-driven therapy, and refined therapeutic combinations is essential to improve long-term outcomes in unresectable Stage III NSCLC. This narrative review explores the current management strategies for unresectable Stage III NSCLC, from a radiation oncology perspective.
A Practical Approach to Triclosan Detection: A Novel Y2O3@GCN-Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Sensitive and Selective Detection in Environmental and Consumer Products
Authors: Mijajlović Aleksandar , Ognjanović Miloš , Stanković Vesna , Mutić Tijana , Đurđić Slađana , Petković Branka B. , Stanković Dalibor M.
Published: December 2024

This study presents the development of a novel electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of triclosan (TSC) on a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and doped with yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3). The materials and proposed electrode were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The modified sensor exhibited significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards TSC compared to the unmodified CPE. The sensor demonstrated a wide linear detection range, which was obtained using square wave voltammetric method (SWV), with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.137 µM and a low limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.455 µM. The sensor also exhibited excellent selectivity towards TSC in the presence of various interfering substances. The practical applicability of the sensor was evaluated through real-sample analysis, where it was successfully used to determine TSC levels in tap water and toothpaste samples. The sensor demonstrated high recovery rates and minimal matrix effects, indicating its suitability for real-world applications. In conclusion, the developed CPE/Y2O3@GCN sensor offers a promising approach for the sensitive, selective, and reliable detection of triclosan in environmental and consumer products.
Integration of the Indonesian Stock Market with Eight Major Trading Partners’ Stock Markets
Authors: Endri Endri , Fauzi Firman , Effendi Maya Syafriana
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the integration of the Indonesian stock market with eight major trading partner countries, namely, China, Japan, the United States, Malaysia, India, Singapore, the Philippines, and South Korea. The analysis of the stock-market integration investigation includes the following two main things: short-term and long-term dynamic relationships within the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model framework based on the unit root test, multivariate Johansen cointegration, and paired Granger causality test. The VAR model was analyzed using weekly closing index data of the Indonesian stock exchange and eight major trading partners from January 2013 to June 2024. The results of the study show that the integration of the Indonesian stock market with those of its main trading partners in the long term is relatively low. This finding implies that investors from the eight major trading partner countries can diversify their portfolios in international investments via the Indonesian stock market and vice versa. In the short term, these results prove that Indonesia’s stock markets and those of its major trading partners are integrated, excluding China. The Chinese stock market has become segmented and more attractive for Indonesian investors who want to benefit from diversification and vice versa. Furthermore, the Indonesian stock market has two-way causal relationships with the US, Japanese, Indian, and Singaporean stock markets. In addition, the Indonesian stock market has unidirectional reciprocal-lagged relationships with Malaysia and the Philippines. An essential contribution of this study is helping policymakers and, especially, international investors understand the dynamic relationships of the Indonesian stock market with its major trading partners. Furthermore, this study contributes to the development of empirical literature on the comovement of the Indonesian stock market and those of its major trading partners, as well as the stock markets of developing and developed countries.
Hybrid Decision Support Framework for Energy Scheduling Using Stochastic Optimization and Cooperative Game Theory
Authors: Liu Peng , Zhang Tieyan , Tian Furui , Teng Yun , Yang Miaodong
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework for optimizing multi-energy network scheduling (MENS). As energy systems become more complex, the need for adaptable solutions that balance consumer demand with environmental sustainability grows. The proposed approach integrates conventional and alternative energy sources, addressing uncertainties through fermatean fuzzy sets (FFS), which enhances decision-making flexibility and resilience. A key component of the framework is the use of stochastic optimization and cooperative game theory (CGT) to ensure efficiency and reliability in energy systems. To evaluate the importance of various scheduling criteria, the study applies the logarithmic percentage change-driven objective weighing (LOPCOW) method, offering a systematic way to assign weights. The weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS) method is then used to rank potential solutions. The hybrid scheduling alternative, combining distributed and centralized solutions, stands out as the best alternative, significantly improving resource optimization and system resilience. While implementation costs may increase, the hybrid approach balances flexibility and rigidity, optimizing resource use and ensuring system adaptability. This work provides a comprehensive framework that enhances the efficiency and sustainability of energy systems, helping decision-makers address fluctuating demands and renewable energy integration challenges.
Assessment of the Geological Storage Potential and Suitability of CO2 in the Deep Saline Aquifers in the Northwest Plain of Shandong Province, China
Authors: Wang Shihao , Tian Hailong , Zhao Xincun , Yan Yan , Yang Xunchang , Wang Xuepeng
Published: December 2024

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is a crucial and effective tool to achieve China’s dual carbon goals. The primary locations suitable for underground CO2 storage include depleted oil and gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers, and deep unmineable coal seams. Among these, deep saline aquifers are widely distributed in most of the world’s sedimentary basins, and they offer significant advantages—such as substantial storage capacity, well-established technology, high safety standards, and cost effectiveness—making them crucial geological reservoirs for carbon dioxide storage. In comparison to foreign countries’ projects on CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology, China’s initiatives have been implemented more recently, and no research has been conducted on the geological storage of CO2 in the deep saline aquifers within the study area. In this study, we systematically analyzed the key factors for the geological storage of CO2 in saline reservoirs within the northwest plain of Shandong Province: the Paleogene Shahejie Formation saline aquifer, and the lower reservoir of the Minghuazhen Formation saline aquifer located east of the Zhanhua–Lijin–Dongying line. The CO2 geological storage potential of these aquifers was assessed using the evaluation methodology of the United States Department of Energy, yielding a result of 30.355 billion tons. An evaluation index system of CO2 geological storage suitability was established. Evaluation indices for regions in the study area were assigned according to this evaluation index, and the score and grade of each unit were obtained. The results indicated that the Huimin latent fault depression, Dongying latent fault depression, Dezhou latent fault depression, and Dongming–Shenxian latent fault depression are suitable prospective areas for CO2 geological storage in the saline aquifers of Shandong Province’s northwest plain.
Outlier Detection and Correction in Smart Grid Energy Demand Data Using Sparse Autoencoders
Authors: Pimentel Levi da Costa , Guerra Filho Ricardo Wagner Correia , Villanueva Juan Moises Mauricio , Rodriguez Yuri Percy Molina
Published: December 2024

The implementation of smart grids introduces complexities where data quality issues, particularly outliers, pose significant challenges to accurate data analysis. This work develops an integrated methodology for the detection and correction of outliers in energy demand data, based on Artificial Neural Network autoencoders. The proposed approach is submitted across multiple scenarios using real-world data from a substation, where the influence of the variation in the number of outliers present in the database is evaluated, as well as the variation in their amplitudes on the functioning of the algorithms. The results provide an overview of the operation as well as demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology that manages to improve some indices achieved by previous works, reaching accuracy and F-score superior to 99% and 97%, respectively, for the detection algorithm, as well as a square root mean squared error (RMSE) and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of less than 0.2 MW and 2%, respectively.
Powering Indonesia’s Future: Reviewing the Road to Electric Vehicles Through Infrastructure, Policy, and Economic Growth
Authors: Damanik Natalina , Octavia Ririen Clara , Hakam Dzikri Firmansyah
Published: December 2024

Electric vehicles (EVs) emerged as a help for Indonesia as a pathway to address environmental challenges related to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector. Despite governmental efforts, including Presidential Regulation No. 55/2019, EV adoption rates in Indonesia remain low, although sales are increasing annually due to limited charging infrastructure, high upfront costs, and consumer perception. This study distinguishes itself from previous research by moving beyond a singular focus on policy, adoption factors, barriers, or economic opportunities. Instead, it integrates these dimensions into a cohesive analysis while placing particular emphasis on government policies. By adopting this multidimensional approach, the study presents a nuanced understanding of EV adoption in Indonesia, exploring not only the drivers, challenges, and economic potential but also the tangible benefits of EV manufacturing and usage for both producers and consumers within the current regulatory framework. It highlights the transformative impacts of EV adoption on key areas such as job creation, GDP expansion, and energy security, offering strategic insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and stakeholders. Future research could explore rural infrastructure development, local battery production impacts, and long-term economic implications of EV in Indonesia’s ecosystem.
Supersaturated Gel Formulation (SGF) of Atorvastatin at a Maximum Dose of 80 mg with Enhanced Solubility, Dissolution, and Physical Stability
Authors: Park Jin Woo , Lee Sa-Won , Lee Jun Hak , Park Sung Mo , Cho Sung Jun , Maeng Han-Joo , Cho Kwan Hyung
Published: December 2024

The objective of this work was to develop a supersaturated gel formulation (SGF) loaded with the maximum atorvastatin calcium trihydrate (ATR) dose. The maximum dose strength of ATR needs to be reduced through improving solubility and dissolution rate to mitigate side effects due to the necessity of taking high doses. ATR has highly pH-dependent solubility at 37 °C, leading to poor solubility (<10 μg/mL) in stomach acid (pH 1.2). Among the various molecular weights of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and surfactants, PEG 200 and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) were selected as the solubilizer and precipitation inhibitor for ATR, respectively. PEG 200 demonstrated very high solubility for ATR (>60%, w/w), and the combined use of TPGS and PEG 200 formed an organogel state and suppressed ATR precipitation, showing 15-fold higher dispersion solubility in buffer solution at pH 1.2 compared to the formulation with PEG 200 alone. The optimal SGF composition (ATR/PEG 200/TPGS = 10/60/30, w/w) exhibited an over 95% dissolution rate within 2 h at pH 1.2, compared to less than 50% for the original commercial product. In a transmission electron microscope analysis, the SGF suppressed ATR precipitation and revealed smaller precipitated particles (<300 nm) compared to the control samples. In the XRD analysis, the SGF was physically stable for 100 days at room temperature without the recrystallization of ATR. In conclusion, the SGF suggested in this work would be an alternative formulation for the treatment of dyslipidemia with enhanced solubility, dissolution, and physical stability.
Whole-Cell Vaccine Preparation Through Prussian Blue Nanoparticles-Elicited Immunogenic Cell Death and Loading in Gel Microneedles Patches
Authors: Fu Wenxin , Li Qianqian , Sheng Jingyi , Wu Haoan , Ma Ming , Zhang Yu
Published: December 2024

Tumor whole-cell vaccines are designed to introduce a wide range of tumor-associated antigens into the body to counteract the immunosuppression caused by tumors. In cases of lymphoma of which the specific antigen is not yet determined, the tumor whole-cell vaccine offers distinct advantages. However, there is still a lack of research on an effective preparation method for the lymphoma whole-cell vaccine. To solve this challenge, we prepared a whole-cell vaccine derived from non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (A20) via the photothermal effect mediated by Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs). The immune activation effect of this vaccine against lymphoma was verified at the cellular level. The PBNPs-treated A20 cells underwent immunogenic cell death (ICD), causing the loss of their ability to form tumors while retaining their ability to trigger an immune response. A20 cells that experienced ICD were further ultrasonically crushed to prepare the A20 whole-cell vaccine with exposed antigens and enhanced immunogenicity. The A20 whole-cell vaccine was able to activate the dendritic cells (DCs) to present antigens to T cells and trigger specific immune responses against lymphoma. Whole-cell vaccines are primarily administered through direct injection, a method that often results in low delivery efficiency and poor patient compliance. Comparatively, the microneedle patch system provides intradermal delivery, offering enhanced lymphatic absorption and improved patient adherence due to its minimally invasive approach. Thus, we developed a porous microneedle patch system for whole-cell vaccine delivery using Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel and n-arm-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (n-arm-PLGA). This whole-cell vaccine combined with porous gel microneedle patch delivery system has the potential to become a simple immunotherapy method with controllable production and represents a promising new direction for the treatment of lymphoma.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Heavy Vehicle Drivers and Office Workers: A Comparative Analysis Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Raza Mohammad , Bhushan Rajesh Kumar , Khan Abid Ali , Ali Abdulelah M. , Khamaj Abdulrahman , Alam Mohammad Mukhtar
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE: Job profiles such as heavy vehicle drivers and transportation office workers that involve prolonged static and inappropriate postures and forceful exertions often impact an individual’s health, leading to various disorders, most commonly musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In the present study, various individual risk factors, such as age, weight, height, BMI, sleep patterns, work experience, smoking status, and alcohol intake, were undertaken to see their influence on MSDs. METHODS: The modified version of the Nordic Questionnaire was administered in the present cross-sectional study to collect data from 48 heavy vehicle drivers and 40 transportation office workers. RESULTS: The analysis revealed low back pain (LBP), knee pain (KP), and neck pain (NP) to be the dominant pains suffered by the participants from both occupational groups. LBP, KP, and NP were suffered by 56%, 43.75%, and 39% heavy vehicle drivers and 47.5%, 40%, and 27.5% transport office workers, respectively. From the insignificant value of Chi-square, it can be inferred that the participants from both occupations experience similar levels of LBP, KP, and NP. The Bayesian model applied to the total sample showed that NP influenced KP, which further influenced the LBP of the workers. Age was predicted as LBP’s most significant risk factor by the logistic regression model when applied to the total sample, while NP was found to decrease with an increase in per unit sleep. CONCLUSIONS: The overall results concluded that heavy vehicle drivers and office workers, irrespective of their different job profiles, endured pain similarly.
Acceptance of Illness and Health Behaviours of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Treated with Haemodialysis: A Single-Centre Study
Authors: Hreńczuk Marta Katarzyna , Rudnicka Weronika , Piątek Tomasz Dawid , Małkowski Piotr
Published: December 2024

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing haemodialysis experience numerous life changes often requiring significant sacrifices. Adaptation to the limitations associated with the disease and dialysis treatments may influence their health behaviour. Aim: The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between the level of illness acceptance and the intensity of health behaviours in patients treated with haemodialysis. Methods: The study used a diagnostic survey method using the Acceptance of Illness Scale and Health Behaviour Inventory questionnaires, adapted to Polish conditions by Z. Juczyński. The study was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023 among 105 patients in one dialysis centre in Poland. Results: The patients showed an average level of disease acceptance (22.64 ± 6.52) and presented a low level of health behaviour intensity (79.11 ± 12.46). The disease acceptance index and the intensity of health behaviours showed positive correlations with age, disease duration, and the duration of haemodialysis treatment. Statistically significant positive correlations were identified between illness acceptance and the intensity of health-related behaviours. Conclusions: The acceptance of illness may influence adherence to health behaviours, which highlights the importance of introducing integrated and early therapeutic support to assist in the acceptance process.
Understanding the Molecular Impact of Physical Exercise on Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cantón-Suárez Alba , Sánchez-Valdeón Leticia , Bello-Corral Laura , Cuevas María J. , Estébanez Brisamar
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by a wide range of neurological symptoms that begin with personality changes and psychiatric symptoms, progress to mild cognitive impairment, and eventually lead to dementia. Physical exercise is part of the non-pharmacological treatments used in Alzheimer’s disease, as it has been shown to delay the neurodegenerative process by improving the redox state in brain tissue, providing anti-inflammatory effects or stimulating the release of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor that enhances the brain structure and cognitive performance. Here, we reviewed the results obtained from studies conducted in both animal models and human subjects to comprehend how physical exercise interventions can exert changes in the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiological processes in Alzheimer’s disease: amyloid β-peptide pathology, tau pathology, neuroglial changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Physical exercise seems to have a protective effect against Alzheimer’s disease, since it has been shown to induce positive changes in some of the biomarkers related to the pathophysiological processes of the disease. However, additional studies in humans are necessary to address the current lack of conclusive evidence.
Association of Neuroblastoma (NB) SH-SY5Y Cells with Antibodies of Parasitic Origin (Anti-Acanthamoeba and Anti-Toxocara canis)
Authors: Maravelez Acosta Víctor Alberto , Garcia Maria de Lourdes Caballero , Patiño López Genaro , Crisóstomo Vázquez María del Pilar , Franco Sandoval Luz Ofelia , Eligio García Leticia
Published: December 2024

It is little known that Acanthamoeba trophozoites and Toxocara canis eggs can reduce tumors in vitro and animal models. Although this has been known for many years, the mechanism that induces the antitumor effect in these parasites is still not known. We employed Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence (IFC) by confocal microscopy to explore the potential protein binding between neuroblastoma (NB) SH-SY5Y cells and anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-Toxocara canis antibodies. Using WB, we detected two fragments of 70 kDa and 60 kDa recognized by the anti-Acanthamoeba antibodies, and two fragments of 115 kDa and 70 kDa recognized by the anti-Toxocara canis antibodies. In both cases, the IFC results were positive in the cell membrane of the SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings suggest a potential overlap of similar molecules between these parasites and tumor cells, which may contribute to tumor elimination. Investigating the relationship between anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-Toxocara canis antibodies in neoplastic cells could provide evidence for the future use of these anti-parasitic antibodies in targeting NB or other cancers.