bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Connection based novel AL topological descriptors and structural property of the zinc oxide metal organic frameworks
Authors: Ullah Asad , Jamal Muzafar , Zaman Shahid , Shamsudin
Published: March 2024

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) play a vital role in a variety of processes such as heterogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous gas purification and division, biocompatibility, toxicity, and biomedical applications. The Zinc-based MOFs, particularly, have gained prominence in the biomedical industry for applications such as drug delivery, biosensing, and cancer imaging, which has attracted the interest of researchers from around the world. Given the significant influence of molecular structure on the properties of MOFs, it is imperative to model and characterize this structure comprehensively to deepen our understanding and explore avenues for property enhancement. Topological indices are numerical parameters derived from the graph representation of molecules that quantify specific structural features. These indices provide insights into the connectivity and arrangement of atoms or nodes within the structure, offering information about its chemical, physical, or biological properties. In this study, the Zinc Oxide network structures are topologically modeled via connection numbers, and some novel topological descriptors viz. AL
1, AL
2,

AL

3

,

AL

4

,

AL

5

,

AL

6

,

AL

7

and

AL

8

are computed by deriving mathematical closed form expressions for them. Based on the numerical results, a comparative analysis of the computed topological descriptors is also performed. The prediction potential and chemical applicability of these indices are investigated using the benchmark dataset of Octane Isomers and corresponding experimental values, correlating experimental and computed values through regression models.
Quasinormal modes, temperatures and greybody factors of black holes in a generalized Rastall gravity theory
Authors: Karmakar Ronit , Dev Goswami Umananda
Published: March 2024

We introduce a modification in the energy-momentum conservation violating Rastall’s theory of gravity and obtain a Reissner-Nordström-type black hole solution in spacetime surrounded by a cloud of strings and charge fields. We examine the horizons of the black hole along with the influence of the parameters of the model on it. The scalar quasinormal modes (QNMs) of oscillations of the black hole are also computed using the 6th order WKB approximation method. It is seen that the Rastall parameter β and the newly introduced energy-momentum tensor trace parameter α as well as the charge parameter q and strings field parameter a influence the amplitude and damping of the QNMs. From the metric function, we obtain the temperature of the black hole and study the effects of the four model parameters β, α, q and a on the temperature. We then examine the greybody factors associated with the black hole and the corresponding total absorption cross-section for it. It is seen that the modification we introduced in the Rastall theory has a drastic effect on various properties of the black hole and may lead to interesting outcomes in future when better detection techniques will be available with the LISA and the Einstein Telescope.
A high sensitivity refractive index sensor based on microstructure fiber with simple structure and SPR effect
Authors: Ullah Sajid , Chen Hailiang , Yin Zhiyong , Li Hongwei , Li Yuxin , Zhang Tianrun , Wang Chun , Guo Pengxiao , Li Shuguang
Published: March 2024

A novel dual-side polished photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) polarization filtering and refractive index (RI) sensor is presented in this paper. The cladding of PCF was composed of eight air holes and the outer surface was dual-sided polished and coated with gold film. Finite element method (FEM) was used for the simulation and design of the proposed sensor. Simulation results showed that sensor performance was better in analytes ranging from 1.33 to 1.42 RI. The wavelength and amplitude sensitivities at resonance wavelengths of 1269 and 995 nm were 27400 nm/RIU and −100.43 RIU−1 for an analyte of 1.42 and 1.41 RI, respectively, along with a spectral resolution of 3.64×10−6 RIU. Maximum loss of 52806 dB/m was obtained for an analyte of 1.41 RI towards Y-Polarization (Y-P). An extinction ratio of −105.374 dB was obtained using a fiber transferring length of 2 mm to achieve better polarization filtering effects. The proposed sensor is made of same size air holes which is easy to fabricate, cost effective, and shows better sensitivity and polarization filtering effects than several other sensors. It is expected that the sensor is suitable for wide RI detection range and capable of providing excellent polarization effect. The proposed sensor can be used for various applications including environmental detection, chemical sensing, biosensors, and pharmaceutical inspection.
An artificial intelligence model estimation for functionalized graphene quantum dot-based diode characteristics
Authors: Öter Ali , Ersöz Betül , Berktaş Zeynep , Bülbül Halil İbrahim , Orhan Elif , Sağıroğlu Şeref
Published: March 2024

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, one of the most significant technological advances of the 21st century, to determine the diode parameters that can be obtained from Schottky diode characterization allows data to be collected, processed, analyzed, and results obtained faster than ever before, with high accuracy. It also supports the development of a selection and modeling tool for future studies and, most importantly, facilitates modeling implementation with faster and fewer experimental results. In this context, this study presents a machine learning model to predict diode parameters from current–voltage (I-V) measurements of polyethyleneimine-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs)-based Schottky hybrid diode. This study used K-Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest (RF), Multilayered Perceptron, and Support Vector Machine algorithms. In research, the lowest model error of each model was compared, and the performance of the models obtained was evaluated. In addition, out of 30 diodes on the fabricated structure, the diode with the best rectification ratio (RR) was identified within a few seconds using machine learning, verified to be the same as the diode selected by the researchers, and the optimal estimation of RR and ideality factor was made from the diode parameters using the thermionic emission method. The experimental results were compared with machine learning models. Among these algorithms, the RF algorithm performed best with a mean square error value of 4.1 E-05 and an R-squared value of 0.999998. The success of RF depends on the characteristics of the dataset used, its size, and data distribution. The success rate of the RF algorithm is more successful in the 200 data sets used in this study. RF reduces overfitting by taking the average of multiple decision trees and is less sensitive to noise and outliers in the data. The results obtained will allow the development of a selection and modeling tool for future studies and, most importantly, facilitate modeling faster and with fewer experimental results, enabling the integration of AI into science.
Analysis of
anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings and their impact on various physical observables
Authors: Arslan Muhammad , Yasmeen Tahira , Shafaq Saba , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Aslam Muhammad Jamil
Published: March 2024

Recently, the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current

transitions by BABAR, Belle, and LHCb have revealed some significant differences from the corresponding Standard Model (SM) predictions. This has triggered an interest to search for physics beyond the SM in the context of various new physics (NP) models and using the model-independent weak effective Hamiltonian (WEH). Assuming left-handed neutrinos, we add the dimension-six vector, (pseudo-)scalar, and tensor operators with complex Wilson coefficients (WCs) to the SM WEH. Using 60%, 30%, and 10% constraints resulting from the branching ratio of

, we reassess the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies based on the most recent HFLAV data of

and

and Belle data of

and

. We find that the allowed parametric region of left-handed scalar couplings strongly depends on the constraints of the

branching ratio, and the maximum pull from the SM predictions results from the <60% branching ratio limit. Also, the parametric region changes significantly if we extend the analysis by adding LHCb data of

and

. Furthermore, due to the large uncertainties in the measurements of

and

, we derive the sum rules which complement them with

and

. Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of

, we predict the numerical values of the observable

,

, and

from the sum rules. The simultaneous dependence of abovementioned physical observables on the NP WCs is established by plotting their correlation with

and

, which are useful to discriminate between various NP scenarios. We find that the most significant impact of NP results from the WC

. Finally, we study the impact of these NP couplings on various angular and

triple product asymmetries that could be measured in some ongoing and future experiments. The precise measurements of these observables are important to check the SM and extract the possible NP.
Cosmological constraints on neutrino mass within consistent cosmological models*
Authors: Pang 庞 Ye-Huang 业煌 , Zhang 张 Xue 雪 , Huang 黄 Qing-Guo 庆国
Published: March 2024

Recently, the emergence of cosmological tension has raised doubts about the consistency of the ΛCDM model. To constrain the neutrino mass within a consistent cosmological framework, we investigate three massive neutrinos with normal hierarchy (NH) and inverted hierarchy (IH) in both the axion-like early dark energy (Axi-EDE) and AdS-EDE models. We use joint datasets including the cosmic microwave background power spectrum from Planck 2018, Pantheon of type Ia supernova, baryon acoustic oscillation, and

data from SH0ES. For the νAxi-EDE model, we obtain

< 0.152 eV and

< 0.178 eV, whereas for the νAdS-EDE model, we find

< 0.135 eV and

< 0.167 eV. Our results exhibit a preference for NH in both the νAxi-EDE and νAdS-EDE models.
Violation of detailed balance in microwave circuits: theory and experiment
Authors: Dumont Alexandre , Février Pierre , Lupien Christian , Reulet Bertrand
Published: March 2024

We propose an approach to detailed balance violation in electrical circuits based on the scattering matrix formalism commonly used in microwave electronics. This allows us to easily include retardation effects, which are paramount at high frequencies. We define the spectral densities of phase space angular momentum, heat transfer and cross power, which can serve as criteria for detailed balance violation. We confirm our theory with measurements in the 4–8 GHz frequency range on several two port circuits of varying symmetries, in space and time. This validates our approach, which enables straightforward treatment of quantum circuits at ultra-low temperature.
Fabrication and application of salicin-polycaprolactone 3D-printed scaffold in the healing of femur bone defects
Authors: Jalali Hanieh , Salemian Milad , Nabiuni Mohammad , Kouchesfehani Homa Mohseni , Bardei Latifeh Karimzadeh , Gregory Carl
Published: March 2024

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a suitable material for bone repair due to good biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, low bioactivity and hydrophobicity pose major challenges for its biomedical applications. To overcome these limitations, PCL-based scaffolds loaded with bioactive agents have been developed. Salicin (Sal) is an anti-inflammatory and analgesic herbal glycoside with osteogenic potential. In the present study, we aimed to produce a Sal-laden PCL (PCL–Sal) scaffold for bone healing applications. Three-dimensional scaffolds were produced and their biocompatibility, and physical-chemical characteristics were determined. The osteogenic potential of the PCL (PCL) and PCL–Sal scaffolds was evaluated using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Scaffolds were implanted into a 5 mm bone defect created in the femur of adult rats, and the new bone fraction was determined using micro-computed tomography scanning at one-month follow-up. PCL–Sal scaffold had a structure, porosity, and fiber diameter suitable for bone construction. It also possessed a higher rate of hydrophilicity and bioactivity compared to the PCL, providing a suitable surface for the proliferation and bone differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, PCL–Sal scaffolds showed a higher capacity to scavenge free radicals compared to PCL. The improved bone healing potential of the PCL–Sal scaffold was also confirmed according to in vivo implantation results. Our findings revealed that the Sal-laden implant could be considered for bone repair due to desirable characteristics of Sal such as hydrophilicity, surface modification for cell attachment, and antioxidant properties.
Urban Nature Preservation and Conservation Strategies Based on Biophilic Institutions and Governance: A Lesson Learned from Gold Coast City for Indonesian Cities
Authors: Fatmadewi R
Published: March 2024

Biophilic urbanism is considered as one approach to solve the problem of city’s over-development and may provide opportunities for citizens to connect with the natural environment. This research project is using argumentative approach in attempts to analyse urban nature preservation strategy of the Gold Coast City, based on the biophilic urbanism concept, with a focus on institutions and governance aspect, including biodiversity-related action plans, biophilic support organizations, environmental education, budgets for biophilic urbanism projects, and biophilic-related projects and initiatives. Moreover, it also analyses the constraints to implementing good biophilic governance based on the political/legal, economic, socio-cultural, and technological factors. To determine urban nature conservation and preservation strategies for the Gold Coast’s future, a SWOT analysis was undertaken. The results of this study could usefully give a brief reflection on the possibility of implementing the biophilic city concept for Indonesian cities in general.
Data Communication as a key to integrated river basin management
Authors: Werdiningtyas Ratri
Published: March 2024

This article discusses data communication as a key to implement integrated water resource management (IWRM) in river basin management. The performance of a river basin is determined by many aspects/sectors which are managed by different level of governments and various agencies within them. Implementing IWRM requires integrated data information system provided by those various government agencies. Although it has been regulated in the Law No 17 Year 2019, integrated information system reliable to support decision-making process has not existed yet. This article reviews what is the condition of water related data in Bengawan Solo River Basin Management – the type of water related data, the data frequencies, and the data sharing mechanism. It aims to examine data communication among actors and supports the decision-making process in Bengawan Solo River Basin Management. There are three stages were undertaken to achieve this overall aim, that are 1) identifying the type of water-related data need be shared in sharing water resource from the literature; 2) identifying the availability of water-related data identified in the stage 1 in the existing data provided by government agencies; 3) conducting a series of focused group discussion (FGD) to elaborate the use of the available data to understand its limitations to support decisionmaking process. The research found that the implementation of IWRM in Bengawan Solo River Basin is difficult to be achieved because there is a lack of data communication among data providers. It points that the absence of data communication occurred because there is no definite data sharing framework specify what data need to be shared, the frequency of data collection and updating, and the mechanism in sharing data legitimated by all agencies involved in Bengawan Solo River Basin Management. Thus, it reveals that data cannot be used maximally to support effective river basin management not because of technology drawbacks or a lack of data, but its uncertainty on how data needs to be communicated. In addition, there no certainty of who is the responsible agency or authority to fulfill five aspects of data communication. This is the final homework of IWRM implementation in managing river basin in Indonesia.
Economic And Regional Impacts of Infrastructure Development Activities for Indonesian’s National Economic Recovery Program (PEN) in Pamekasan Regency, East Java Province
Authors: Nyoman Suluh Wijaya I , Indah Shofarini Dian , Wisnu Adrianto Dimas , Wahyu Dwi Jayanti Ardhaninggar , Dian Utomo Fajar
Published: March 2024

In response to the COVID-19 impact, infrastructure development has become crucial to accelerating economic growth at the municipal level in Indonesia. The Indonesian Government, in 2019-2020, initiated the National Economic Recovery Program (Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional - PEN) in several regions, including Pamekasan Regency in East Java Province. PEN aimed to promote economic growth by some activities of infrastructure development that is urgently required for economic development in each municipality. This study aims to measure the effect of the program on various variables and identify the leverage variables for the of the PEN’s sustainability in Pamekasan Regency. The aimed variables include economic, regional, and demographic development (population) variables. The program’s impact is calculated based on the gap between the conditions before and after the program implemented in each impact area. A Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) technique, namely Rapfish, is used to identify leverage variables for sustainability. As the result, Economic variables show an average value of 4 for each activity such as improving County Roads & Street Lighting Development, improving Traditional Market Area, and improving Small to Medium-Sized Industrial Area. Regional variables, however, show an average value of 3, indicating constancy across each type of activity. Meanwhile, population variables show an average value of 4, indicating growth for each indicator. According to the Rapfish analysis, the leverage variable for the level of sustainability within the PEN project in Pamekasan Regency is the regional variable with the highest root mean square value, which is 2.48.
Evaluation of Communal WWTP Management in Supporting the Smart Environment in Mlati District, Sleman Regency
Authors: Solikah Ratih , Rachmawati Rini , Adriadi Ghiffari Rizki
Published: March 2024

Communal Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) is a solution used in the management and treatment of domestic waste. Mlati District is an area that has 8 active Communal WWTP units spread across four villages. Management by the local community to the type of technology used in each region certainly has differences. This research aims to determine the benchmark for the effectiveness of developing one of the smart city dimensions, that is the smart environment in Mlati District. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods, with data processing and presentation carried out descriptively. The existing conditions of the Communal WWTP were obtained by field observation, the management of the Communal WWTP was then carried out descriptive analysis based on the observations, indepth interviews and secondary data and then continued with descriptive analysis to find out management in supporting the smart environment in the Mlati District. The results of the study show that the management of the Communal WWTP in Mlati District has been going well with minimal risk of damage and obstacles. Communal WWTP is the main infrastructure in domestic waste processing which brings significant changes to the region and society. The existence of a waste water treatment installation unit is considered to be able to meet the community’s needs for waste handling. Although waste treatment is not discussed significantly in the elements of smart city development, centralized domestic waste management in Mlati District has proven to play a role in supporting the realization of a smart environment in the region.
Empirical design for the excavation method and support system at tunnel no 2, Bintang Bano irrigation area, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Ananda R T , Indrawan I G B , Titisari A D
Published: March 2024

Bintang Bano Irrigation Area aims to optimize water consumption downstream of the Bintang Bano Dam and distribute it to irrigate agricultural land in Rempe, Seteluk, Seloto, and Senayan villages. Bintang Bano Irrigation Area uses tunnel construction as its network. This research aims to provide recommendations for the tunnel excavation method and support system and predict the tunnel stand-up time based on an empirical method from Rock Mass Rating (RMR89). The research method includes analysis of surface geological mapping and analysis of the core drill along the tunnel to determine the classification of rock masses. Surface engineering geological mapping was conducted to validate the Rock Mass Rating parameters determined by drill core evaluation. The results show the tunnel consists of andesite having poor to good rock masses. The excavation methods for poor to fair rock masses are heading and bench; good rock mass is full face and uses complete support. The tunnel requires bolts, shotcrete, and steel ribs for the support systems. Stand-up time predictions for poor rock mass are less than one day, and fair to good rock is over a month. Although the empirical approach is functional, numerical analysis is needed to verify the empirical design and effect of geological structures for tunnel stability, including tunnel deformation during construction.
The state of sustainable and disaster-resilient infrastructure in Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus Aden , Pribadi Krishna Suryanto , Abduh Muhamad
Published: March 2024

This paper discusses the paradigm shift in the way we think about disaster resilience and sustainability in the context of infrastructure, particularly in lower-income and disaster-prone countries like Indonesia. We highlight the importance of resilience as a critical component of sustainability, as it improves the agility and flexibility of infrastructure against future climate-related and other hazards. We discuss the potential trade-offs between disaster-resilient infrastructure and sustainable infrastructure and suggest that decision-makers can use a comprehensive approach that considers the overlap between the physical environment, social dynamics, metabolic flows, and governance networks to address these challenges. To obtain research objectives, a combination of three methods was used, namely policy analysis, case study, and comparative approach. This combination is to get a holistic picture of Indonesia’s conditions. This paper also presents several approaches that can be used to prioritize both resilience and sustainability in infrastructure projects.
Investigating natural disaster literacy levels
Authors: Logayah Dina Siti , Maryani Enok , Ruhimat Mamat , Wiyanarti Erlina
Published: March 2024

This research aims to determine the level of natural disaster literacy at the educational unit level, namely junior high school children. The data in this study, researchers adopted a survey design conducted on 364 children in West Java province, collected through a natural disaster literacy questionnaire. The criteria for natural disaster literacy are generally determined at high, medium, sufficient, low, and very low levels with literacy dimensions, namely knowledge, attitudes, and skills. As a result, it was determined that in general junior high school students’ natural disaster literacy was at a high level in the knowledge dimension but was at a medium level in the behavioural dimension while the skills dimension was at a low level for each literacy component. It is recommended that disaster literacy become a habit that can be implemented in everyday life.
Typology of rural transformation in Grogol, Sukoharjo 2009-2022
Authors: Dewi Rika Kurnia , Noviani Rita , Nurhadi
Published: March 2024

Peri-urban growth and development in Grogol District can trigger changes in physical, social, and economic characteristics that were previously rural to become more urban. Therefore, this research is aimed at identifying the physical, social, and economic characteristics of the peri-urban urban area of Grogol Sub-District that occur as a result of the growth and development of the core city, namely Surakarta City. This study was also structured to find out how the peri-urban typology formed in the Grogol sub-district, which is directly adjacent to Surakarta City, when viewed based on the characteristics of the peri-urban area according to its physical, social, and economic aspects. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis by combining the results of the scores for each physical, social, and economic aspect variable. The results showed the development of regional typology zones in 2009–2022, namely: Madegondo Village from 2009–2022, Gedangan Village became the primary peri-urban zone starting in 2018, Cemani Village became the primary peri-urban zone in 2022, Pondok, Pandeyan, Telukan, Kadokan, Grogol, Kwarasan, Parangjoro, Manang, Sanggrahan, and Banaran Villages in 2009–2022, Langenharjo Village in 2012 was included in the primary peri-urban zone, changed in 2015 to become a secondary peri-urban zone. So in 2009–2022, in Grogol District, there will be two typologies, namely the primary peri-urban zone and the secondary peri-urban zone.
Monitoring soil fertility to mitigate soil degradation in reclamation land after bauxite mining
Authors: Sulakhudin  , Sukirno  , Abdillah A M
Published: March 2024

Bauxite is one of the minerals mined in an open pit system. Mining with this system will initially cause soil degradation because the soil layer covering the bauxite ore will be removed first from the mining location. The top soil will be returned after the bauxite ore extraction is complete. Returning soil to the mining site causes quite severe soil degradation because the process of taking and returning the top soil is carried out by an excavator which mixes the soil. As a result of this process, the soil in the reclamation area changes its chemical, physical and biological properties. To mitigate soil degradation in the reclamation area after bauxite mining, soil fertility status monitoring is carried out. This monitoring activity was expected to be able to identify and reduce the level of soil damage in post-bauxite mining reclamation land.
Adapting to sea level rise: migration decisions and disaster mitigation strategies in small-scale fishing communities
Authors: Ghani M W , Hidayati I
Published: March 2024

This study explores the adaptation process of small-scale fishing families in Demak, Java, in response to sea level rise and tidal floods. Qualitative research methods are used to investigate the factors influencing families’ decisions to relocate. Findings indicate that families employ home elevation as a short-term adaptation measure, but severe floods eventually lead to the challenging decision of permanent migration. The study highlights the interplay of physical, social, and economic factors in shaping migration decisions. While short-term strategies provide partial relief, migration emerges as a vital long-term resilience strategy. Mitigation efforts involve coastal protection, wetland restoration, land use planning, and climate change adaptation measures. The study emphasises the need for tailored, context-specific strategies and integration of sea level rise considerations into broader climate change mitigation efforts. Overall, understanding migration decisions and implementing targeted disaster mitigation strategies are crucial for enhancing the resilience of coastal communities facing sea level rise.
Disaster risk analysis of Merapi Volcano eruption in the north slope based on the New Volcanic Risk Ranking (VRR) methods
Authors: Muryani Chatarina , Sarwono  , Noviani Rita , Azizah Riska Nur
Published: March 2024

Merapi Volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the world and has inconsistent direction and eruption types. In addition, unplanned urbanization and the ever-increasing population on the North Slope of Merapi Volcano can cause population concentration and increasingly complex economic activities in areas exposed to natural hazards. This research aims to determine the hazard, exposure, vulnerability, resilience, and risk of Merapi Volcano eruption on the northern slopes. Risk level analysis uses the New Volcanic Risk Ranking methodology. The New Volcanic Risk Ranking consists of 34 parameters, with hazard having two parameters, exposure having nine parameters, vulnerability having ten, and resilience having thirteen parameters. Because the number of parameters evaluated for each factor is different, normalization is required to 10 so that they have the same weight. The research results show that the eruption threat index on the northern slopes of Merapi Volcano was dominated by high class, with the highest areas in Tlogolele Village (priority in Hamlet 5) and Klakah Village (focus in Hamlet 3 and 4). The high-exposure index within a 5 km radius of the Merapi Volcano crater is Tlogolele Village (priority in Hamlet 5) and Klakah Village (focus in Hamlet 4). The overall vulnerability index on the North Slope is in the medium class. The highest disaster resilience index is in Tlogolele and Klakah Villages. The high-risk level is in Tlogolele Village (priority in Hamlet 5) and Klakah Hamlet (focus in Hamlet 3 and 4).
A bibliometric analysis on microplastic pollution in groundwater
Authors: Hartini Eko , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Putranto Thomas Triadi
Published: March 2024

Publications on microplastics have most widely focused on identifying their presence in the ocean or surface water and have ignored their existence in groundwater systems. The aim of this study was to identify publications and citation trends of microplastics in groundwater. VOS viewer software is done for analyzing the data, and maps are used for showing relationships between countries, journals, authors, and keywords related to the distribution of microplastics in groundwater. This search yielded 695 documents published between the year 2011 to 2022. The most popped-up keyword was “microplastics” (302 occurrences with total link strength of 340) which had strong links to “transport”, “adsorption” and “drinking water”, while the word “groundwater” appeared only 13 times and total link strength was 16. It shows that research on microplastics in groundwater is still limited. The journal Science of the Total Environment publishes the highest number. China is the country with the most publications and the most cited citations. Microplastics research in groundwater development not only analyzes the abundance and characteristics of microplastics, but also the transport processes of microplastics from soil to groundwater, contribution of groundwater to microplastic contamination in drinking water, potential ecological risks, and their impact on human health.
The integration spatial pattern of disaster mitigation based on local community: sikka district community case studies
Authors: Pamungkas Bella Theo Tomi , Rahmawati Arfita , Sukmawati  , Sunimbar  , Asul Amelia Ristaniati , Jedo Maria Flirent P.
Published: March 2024

The local community is a pillar of life in society, one of which is in disaster mitigation, the Sikka Krowe community who lives around Mount Egon has its local wisdom in disaster mitigation. Sampling using the grid technique with a total of 101 samples. This study, used open and closed questions and analysis of assign theme data to find out an overview of the integration of spatial patterns of mitigation. Based on the results of the study, it is known that in zone 1 with a distance of 1.5 km from the peak of Mount Egon, the Sikka Krowe community still holds disaster mitigation in the form of cultural semiotic and faunal semiotic delivered by parents and traditional elders. In zones 2 and 3, it is seen that the integration of disaster mitigation related to faunal semiotic into learning in schools and socialization carried out by the government, this is also influenced by the presence of immigrants because the results of the T test show that there is a significant influence between the value of local wisdom and disaster mitigation.
Analysis of thermal comfort of settlements based on urban humidity index in Yogyakarta City
Authors: Sumunar Dyah Respati Suryo , Hadi Bambang Syaeful , Sariyono Kimpul Endro , Arif Nursida
Published: March 2024

Increasing urban development has led to an increase in land use, particularly in settlements. The massive and uncontrolled growth of settlements can lead to a decrease in the quality and thermal comfort of the settlements. Yogyakarta is one of the cities in Indonesia with rapid development and population growth. This study aims to analyse the quality and thermal comfort of settlements in Yogyakarta city. The remote sensing data used is Landsat 8 OLI image for the analysis of vegetation index, land surface temperature, and urban heat island (UHI). The results of the model are presented in the form of maps so that the spatial pattern of UHI can be identified and correlated with the comfort level calculated using the temperature humidity index (THI). Based on the results of the data analysis conducted, it is known that the analysis of thermal comfort in the city of Yogyakarta is dominated by the comfortable class (97%), uncomfortable class (3%), and very uncomfortable class (0%).
Valuing hybrid engineering approach: ecosystem and structural based DRR using InVEST model of coastal zone Sikka Flores-Literature Review
Authors: Purwanto H , Paripurno E T , Prasetya J D
Published: March 2024

The effectiveness and long-term viability of implementing eco-DRR are heavily influenced by the regional context, including factors such as geographical locations, circumstances, and features of risks. The implementation of eco-DRR measures in coastal areas is effectively mitigating the hazards posed by high waves and other hydro-meteorological events, including storm surges, erosion, and coastal floods. The study was carried out within the framework of mangrove forest development as a means of combined protection and hard structural intervention. The success and efficacy of this endeavor rely on various circumstances, such as the magnitude of the large waves and the characteristics of the nearshore bathymetry, which dictate the extent to which the waves reach the coastline beach. In order to achieve optimal effectiveness and provide prompt safeguarding, it is necessary to employ a hybrid approach that combines ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction (DRR) methods with physical structures. This is because non-structural measures, such as ecosystems, inherently require time to grow and are highly susceptible to destruction from waves, rock debris, and water currents. Nevertheless, the ’hybrid approach’ or amalgamation must be formulated in a manner that does not engender novel or distinct dangers in various areas. This study seeks to conduct a comparative analysis of studies on Eco-DRR (Ecological Disaster Risk Reduction) focusing on high waves and other hydrometeorological risks in coastal areas. The objective is to develop a hybrid model that combines Eco-DRR and engineering effectiveness evaluation for disaster risk management, specifically for the Sikka Flores coastline area.
Identification of sliding surface using electrical-resistivity tomography for landslide mitigation: A case study of the Cibitung Landslide
Authors: Tohari A , Wardhana D D , Feranie S , Salsabila G A
Published: March 2024

Landslide mitigation efforts require a knowledge of the geometry and depth of the sliding surface present in a landslide body. Electrical resistivity tomography is the most common geophysical method used in landslide investigation. This paper presents the results of a series of electrical resistivity tomography surveys performed using a dipole-dipole array configuration to identify the sliding surfaces within a landslide body located in the Cibitung landslide area. The ERT images parallel the landslide body suggest that the sliding surface located below the crown is characterized by a bedrock layer with very low resistivity values. This bedrock layer continues down-slope at a maximum depth of 9 m below the ground surface. In contrast, the landslide body is characterized by a higher resistivity value. Based on the interpretation of the ERT images, the landslide involved a non-circular deep sliding surface. The results of this study have been used, in combination with the geotechnical drilling data, to construct the landslide cross-section necessary to analyze landslide stability and subsequently to recommend a landslide stabilization measure.
Investigation of the discharge performance in infiltration wells based on several soil subgrade models
Authors: Fitri Siti Nurlita , Surjandari Niken Silmi , Purwana Yusep Muslih , Setiawan Bambang , Chrismaningwang Galuh , Dananjaya Harya
Published: March 2024

Heavy precipitation would result in hydrometeorological disasters such as landslides and floods. In general, disasters cause hazardous situations and property loss. Infiltration wells are water and soil conservation techniques that can reduce surface runoff and increase infiltration to mitigate the effects of hydrometeorological disasters. However, evaluations of geotechnical properties have not yet jointly or actively considered these environmental developments. This paper aims to analyse the wide range of soil types against several diameters and depths of the holes. The variation in soil varied from type 1 to 6, containing different properties and consistencies. The holes diameter used are 0.4m, 0.5m, 0.6m, 0.7m, and 0.8m, associated with several depths; 0.5m, 0.75m, 1m, 1.25, and 1.5m. The analysis was conducted with Geostudio SEEP-W in different model variations to obtain the well’s discharge value. The result shows that all the depth depicts similar behaviour of the discharge well. The sand model has the highest value of all categories, with the second place being the sand-clay layer model. In contrast, the clay simulation generates the lowest value of this research. This output offers a strong recommendation between infiltration well structure and soil parameters, which show sand is the most required property to increase the performance of hole infiltration.
Liquefaction potential analysis based on standard penetration test data at irrigation canals in Sibowi Area-Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Pucangan A , Rifa’i A , Rahardjo A P
Published: March 2024

A phenomenon in which non-cohesive soil in saturated conditions loses its carrying capacity owing to the reduced stiffness and strength of the soil during earthquake shaking or rapid loading is called liquefaction. This occurs under the structure and can cause damage during earthquakes. In this study, we estimated the possibility of liquefaction in the main irrigation canals in the Sibowi area of Central Sulawesi Province, considering that the soil type in this area is sandy. Liquefaction analysis uses a simplified procedure using Standard Penetration Test data to obtain the Safety Factor and estimate the potential level of liquefaction using the Liquid Potential Index (LPI) method. According to the analysis, with the 7.5 Mw earthquake and groundwater levels observed, most of the soil layer below the irrigation canals still has liquefaction potential at 15 m to 19.5 m. The LPI result that 5 (five) out of 10 (ten) boreholes have the potential for liquefaction in low to moderate categories, and the boreholes that have liquefaction potential have groundwater depths between 14 and 16 m.
The effectivity of community-based early warning system on reducing Semeru eruption impact post-eruption 2021
Authors: Irawan Listyo Yudha , Farihah Siti Nur , Prasetyo Widodo Eko , Azizah Vischawafiq , Hartono Rudi , Masruroh Heni , Mapa Mohammad Tahir
Published: March 2024

Disaster communication plays an essential role in the disaster risk management phase. In general, this disaster communication can be divided into three, namely: pre-disaster, during the disaster, and post-disaster. Disaster communication in Indonesia has been extensively implemented in various disaster events. Semeru volcano is one of the active volcanoes in Indonesia whose eruption period cannot be predicted with certainty. Hot clouds falling from the Semeru volcano in 2021, which resulted in casualties, loss, and property damage, proves that disaster communication in the Semeru Disaster Prone Area needs to run more effectively. The Early Warning System currently in effect in the Semeru Volcano disaster-prone area comes from several parties, including 1) Semeru Volcano Observation Post, 2) Field Officers of the Lumajang Regency Regional Disaster Management Agency, and the Community in Simbar Semeru in collaboration with Magma ESDM. This study analyzes disaster information and communication effectiveness in the Semeru Volcano Hazardous Area after the 2021 Eruption. Primary data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews and observations. In-depth interviews with each stakeholder responsible for providing information to the public. The study results show that the pre-eruption of Mount Semeru disaster communication in 2021 has yet to be maximized. This is evidenced by the fact that residents still need awareness and preparedness to face the dangers of Semeru Volcano eruptions. Meanwhile, after the Semeru eruption of 2021, the population has been alerting to any increase in Semeru Volcano activity.
Identification of land use change on rice fields in Tangerang District using landsat 8 imagery
Authors: Setiawan C , Sucahyanto  , Hardi O S , A’Rachman F R , Nabilla L , Wiranata A , Deffry M , Furqon Z , Salsabillah F , Maulana I A , Wardana M W
Published: March 2024

Tangerang District is a suburban area located around DKI Jakarta that has undergone significant development, resulting changes in natural resources. Rice fields are one of the natural resources in agriculture. The conversion of rice field areas into another land uses can indirectly cause several problems, such as food scarcity. The study aims to identify changes in the rice fields area of Tangerang District, using Landsat 8 imagery with supervised classification method. Based on the research findings, the rice fields in Tangerang District have transformed into residential areas, industrial zones, open fields, bodies of water, plantations, and green open spaces. The rice field area decreases every year. The conversion of rice fields into open land is the most dominant change due to the increasing demand for land for industrial and residential purposes in Tangerang District. The rice fields are drained before being converted into residential and industrial areas to compact the soil, ensuring it does not pose a threat to the construction on the land. The continuous and uncontrolled reduction in rice field areas can have an impact on food scarcity in Tangerang District.
Drought potential index using Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI) method based on Geographical Information System (GIS) in Slogohimo, Wonogiri Indonesia
Authors: Herawati A , Mujiyo M , Nugroho B D E P , Istiqomah N M , Irmawati V , Hasanah K , Hardian T , Anggita A
Published: March 2024

Climate change is an impact caused by global warming. The phenomenon due to climate change is El Nino, which affects a long dry season. Central Java is an area heavily affected by drought caused by El Nino, one of which is Wonogiri Regency, which has the potential to cause crop failures, forest fires, and decreased water availability, which can be detrimental. Drought potential analysis was carried out to estimate the distribution of the drought index in Slogohimo District, Wonogiri Regency. The method used is the Normalized Difference Drought Index (NDDI), which combines vegetation density and wetting level using Landsat imagery—the NDDI index transformation method on a scale ranging from very low to very high (severe). The results show that the distribution of drought potential in Slogohimo District, Wonogiri Regency, is classified as very low to very high class. Still, the broadest area is classified as low. The tendency for drought to occur in the Slogohimo area is spread from the east to the south. This research suggests the application of organic mulch for improvement to reduce the potential for drought. Apart from being an effort to modify soil temperature, organic mulch also functions as a soil conditioner, which impacts adding soil pores to increase water retention.
Analysis of historical cases of liquefaction (sand boils) case study: Kelapa Gading Residence, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Anar H. , Rifa’i A. , Faris F.
Published: March 2024

The Palu earthquake on September 28th, 2018, caused liquefaction in several locations in Central Sulawesi. According to The National Disaster Management Authority of Indonesia data, five prominent areas with massive impacts experienced liquefaction in flow liquefaction: Balaroa, Petobo, Jono Oge, Lolu, and Sibalaya. Meanwhile, the locations that experienced liquefaction in the form of sand boils needed to be recorded optimally. This research aims to see the parameters of soil layer behavior in areas that experience liquefaction in the form of sand boils. The study was conducted in Kelapa Gading housing, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. Based on the initial survey, this location experienced sand boils in several areas. The research used the CPT-based liquefaction triggering procedure method and soil behavior index method. The result showed that the liquefaction potential was found at a depth of 2.5-3.3 meters for PGA 0.34 and -2.5-(-3.5) for PGA 0.68. When receiving cyclic load, the soil layer with an Ic value > 2.60 with a thickness of 1.6 m at the upper layer can withstand liquefaction with a thickness of 0.8 meters in the form of quicksand on the surface and only causes sand boils. Sand boils would not happen in the Kelapa Gading area if the excess pore water were redirected to discharge wells.
Relief well as liquefaction mitigation option in Mpanau, Sigi, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Kusumajati B , Rifa’i A , Istiarto  , Palantik E
Published: March 2024

The liquefaction disaster that occurred in Central Sulawesi in September 2018 was not only in the form of flow liquefaction but also a sand boil. Sand boils are caused by excess pore water pressure (PWP) which causes sediment ejecta due to water pressure within the ground. This research focuses on the use of relief wells to relieve excess PWP. During the 2018 disaster, the research location in Mpanau, Sigi, Central Sulawesi, had many sand boil points and the emergence of new water springs after the earthquake. At this point, the increase in PWP presumably resulted from a leaking groundwater basin, thus providing additional pressure. The method used was calculating the Ejecta Potential Index (EPI) and modelling with Seep/w. This calculation determined the amount of PWP that could be released to maintain the comparison between PWP and effective stress. This comparison is also known as the PWP (Ru) ratio and should be kept at less than 0.8, indicating the absence of liquefaction in the layer. This analysis was carried out with the initial conditions without wells and after the presence of wells, then assessing the distance of the wells to eliminate artesian pressure. It was concluded that this mitigation method is appropriate for areas that have groundwater basins with layers prone to aquifer leakage to reduce additional PWP.