bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’envers de la notoriété et du marché
Authors: Boutet Manuel , Juanes Sylvain
Published: December 2024

Les plateformes de streaming de vidéos en direct telles que Twitch reposent sur la production d'une grande quantité d’heures de vidéo en direct, chacune étant regardée par peu de spectateurs. Nous explorons ici le modèle de production sur lequel il repose : non pas des publications dispersées de fans, ou encore l’échec de stratégies de notoriété, mais bien la constitution d’un milieu de petits streameurs. En l’occurrence, une très grande majorité des créateurs qui se filment en direct sur Twitch ne recueillent qu’un nombre restreint de spectateurs. Nous montrons qu’il y a là un engagement dans une activité particulière et qu’au cœur de cet engagement se trouvent de multiples interactions qui nouent les petits streameurs : dans leur pratique, dans l’interaction avec leur public et avec les autres streameurs. Le streaming qui débute comme une interaction entre passionnés, le plus souvent de jeu, devient autre chose. De l’interaction personnelle - entre passionnés ou avec quelques amis - on passe à force de pratique à une interaction entre un streameur et son public. Aussi, ce public est largement formé d’autres streameurs. Il s’agit d’un milieu nouveau de la production audiovisuelle contemporaine qui a ses propres conventions, ni exactement celles des professionnels des médias, ni non plus la simple agrégation des communautés de pratique qui utilisent la plateforme pour publier leur passion.
Accueillir et accompagner l’errance des étudiants lors de l’entrée à l’université
Authors: Tissot Pascaline
Published: December 2024

À partir de l’analyse d’entretiens menés avec des étudiants néo-bacheliers inscrits en première année de licence, ce texte aborde les résultats d’une recherche menée dans une approche clinique référée à la psychanalyse sur la question du décrochage universitaire. Une première lecture des verbatims permet d’entendre l’entrelacement de deux trajectoires : le passage adolescent ayant pour enjeu le devenir adulte et le cheminement universitaire dont l’issue détermine la place occupée dans le social. Les étudiants évoquent l’importance de la fonction symbolique de l’entrée à l’université tout en insistant sur l’absence de transitionnalité que représente ce passage d’un seuil vers l’âge adulte. L’analyse des matériaux vise à proposer des pistes de réflexion d’une pédagogie universitaire répondant au temps d’errance ou d’immobilisation que certains connaissent lors du passage de ce seuil.
Une génération sacrifiée ?
Authors: Mauger Gérard
Published: December 2024

On étudie ici les effets de la « massification scolaire » sur l’espace des styles de vie déviants des jeunes des classes populaires à travers deux séries d’enquêtes menées à trente ans d’intervalle (1975-1980 puis 2000-2005). La continuité d’expérience de la culture du monde des bandes à celle du monde ouvrier permettait de rendre compte du choix volontaire des emplois les plus pénibles et mettait en évidence le paradoxe de la contribution d’une forme de résistance à la reproduction de l’ordre social. Trente ans plus tard, la conversion de la « culture anti-école » en culture d’atelier s’est enrayée à cause de l’inadéquation croissante des valeurs de virilité aux emplois de services accessibles. Parallèlement, le style de vie « contestataire » de la « bohème populaire » des années 1970 s’ajustait à la précarisation d’une force de travail jeune et peu qualifiée mais assez scolarisée pour avoir intériorisé une bonne volonté culturelle frustrée. Trente ans après, la « culture punk », forme d’insoumission à l’ordre économique, politique et familial, peut également être décrite comme une requalification symbolique de la précarité et, en définitive, comme un style de vie adapté aux modes de gestion de la force de travail jeune peu ou pas qualifiée. De même, la « culture hip-hop » apparaît comme une avant-garde artistique populaire qui permet à ses ressortissants d’accéder à la vie d’artiste et de légitimer, pour certains, leur refus du travail salarié et/ou la prolongation indéfinie de la vie étudiante. Quant à l’appropriation de l’Islam (et de ses marqueurs les plus visibles, cosmétiques, vestimentaires, alimentaires), elle apparaît comme un gage accessible à tous de conversion morale pour des jeunes en échec scolaire investis dans le « bizness », comme une « requalification palliative à la relégation scolaire » pour ceux qui ont juste assez fréquenté l’école pour y intérioriser des aspirations cultivées plus ou moins désarmées ou encore comme une stratégie de revalorisation symbolique d’intellectuels frustrés.
Une génération sacrifiée ?
Authors: Beaubreuil Thomas
Published: December 2024

Dans ce chapitre, on étudie le cas de ceux qui sont sortis de l’école et que le marché de l’emploi considère comme « inemployables » : issus des familles les plus précaires, ils ont entre 16 et 25 ans, sans diplôme, sans argent (un « casse-tête permanent ») et sans perspectives d’avenir. Voués à la « culture de rue », à son ennui, à sa vacuité, à ses routines, ils se distribuent entre « grands frères » désœuvrés à un pôle, « lascars » et « bicraveurs » à l’autre et « repoussoir » des « tox » à un troisième. Ils oscillent entre onirisme et réalisme, entre tentation des « carrières déviantes » et tentative de « se ranger », entrecoupées de moments de lucidité lorsqu’ils sont confrontés à l’impasse de l’affectation à la vie de rue et tentent de « se bouger ». Quant à la forme prise par leur révolte, elle est liée à la superposition d’un clivage national au clivage de classe et à la vision d’un rapport de domination imputé au racisme des Français qui en fait les victimes d’un « complot généralisé ».
Une génération sacrifiée ?
Authors: Berthonneau Charles
Published: December 2024

La crise de reproduction des classes populaires a de multiples répercussions syndicales et politiques. Les enquêtes rassemblées ici mettent en évidence les incidences des fractures internes aux classes populaires. L’hétérogénéité des classes populaires contemporaines et, en particulier, les clivages à la fois scolaires et « ethno-raciaux » qui les traversent ainsi que les rapports sociaux souvent conflictuels qu’ils induisent (entre des jeunes « blancs » souvent mieux dotés et des jeunes d’origines maghrébine ou subsaharienne, souvent plus démunis), trouvent leur prolongement dans des prises de positions opposées. Enquêtant sur de jeunes syndiqués à la CGT, enfants d’immigrés, jeunes de cité proches de la culture de rue et du monde des bandes, qui travaillent dans les segments précaires et non qualifiés du marché de l’emploi, Charles Berthonneau étudie la conversion de leurs dispositions agonistiques, de leurs attitudes infrapolitiques héritées de la culture de rue, en combativité militante. L’ajustement entre éthos populaires distincts mais homologues, les affinités électives de ce salariat non qualifié qui évolue dans des espaces tertiarisés, avec le style militant « viril » des anciennes générations de délégués CGT ouvriérisés, permet de rendre compte d’une conversion qui passe par l’apprentissage d’un ensemble de savoir-faire militants et l’adhésion aux valeurs défendues par l’organisation.
Une génération sacrifiée ?
Authors: Humeau Pierig , Bouron Samuel
Published: December 2024

Ces enquêtes comparées tentent de rendre compte des prises de positions politiques diamétralement opposées associées à des positions très proches dans l’espace social : celles de jeunes punks proches des milieux libertaires et celles de jeunes militants identitaires d’extrême-droite. Souvent issus des classes populaires, ils partagent les mêmes dispositions agonistiques et les mêmes valeurs de virilité, mais il s’avère que des ressources proches et des dispositions homologues peuvent trouver à s’investir dans des espaces sociaux que tout, par ailleurs, oppose (du monde des bandes au scoutisme, des identitaires aux punks, etc.). Si les écarts entre l’offre politico- culturelle locale permettent pour partie de rendre compte des trajectoires des uns et des autres, il semble que l’engagement identitaire des uns s’inscrive dans le fil de lignées familiales en déclin, alors que l’engagement punk des autres prolonge une rupture avec leur famille d’origine. Si les identitaires veulent devenir « de bons travailleurs », les punks pratiquent, à l’inverse, une forme d’autoexclusion du « style de vie conforme » des classes populaires. Proches des métiers de l’artisanat et du commerce, imbus de valeurs morales, les militants identitaires se définissent par rapport à la fraction la plus démunie des classes populaires ( « outsiders » ) en s’opposant aux « immigrés » et aux « cas sociaux » qu’ils accusent de « profiter du système ». Paradoxalement, l’accès des punks à des métiers indépendants culturels et artistiques (sur le mode du « Do it yourself » ) et leur refus du style de vie des classes populaires qu’ils perçoivent comme « dégradant », les conduit, en définitive, à se démarquer des classes populaires « établies » ( « established » ).
Ensiled Pleurotus ostreatus based spent mushroom substrate from corn: In vitro gas production, greenhouse gas emissions, nutrient degradation, and ruminal fermentation characteristics
Authors: Anotaenwere Chika C. , Isikhuemhen Omoanghe S. , Dele Peter A. , Wuaku Michael , Alabi Joel O. , Adelusi Oludotun O. , Okedoyin Deborah O. , Ike Kelechi A. , Gray DeAndrea , Kholif Ahmed E. , Anele Uchenna Y.
Published: December 2024

The present study evaluated varying inclusion levels (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) derived from Pleurotus ostreatus, ensiled for 0, 21, 42, and 64 d, using an in vitro batch culture technique. The study employed a 6 × 4 factorial design with six inclusion levels and four ensiling durations. The batch culture was conducted over 24 h across two runs. Gas production (GP), greenhouse gases (GHG) production, nutrient degradability, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were measured. Significant interactions (P < 0.01) between ensiling duration and diet were observed for the concentrations of different nutrients and GHG production. SMS levels in diets increased (P < 0.001) dry matter (DM), neutral (NDF), and acid (ADF) detergent fiber concentrations but decreased crude protein (CP) and cellulose levels. Ensiling period decreased (P < 0.001) DM, NDF, acid-detergent lignin (ADL), and hemicellulose concentrations but increased non-structural carbohydrates (P < 0.05). Diets with higher SMS levels had lower (P < 0.001) GP, methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) production, together with increased degradability of DM, NDF, ADF, and ADL. Conversely, extending ensiling increased CH4 and CO2 production, degradability of DM, and proportions of acetate and propionate but decreased NDF and ADF degradability. Total VFA and butyrate were highest (P < 0.05) in the diet with 50% SMS inclusion. In conclusion, SMS can replace up to 50% of corn silage in the diets of beef and non-lactating dairy cows; however, extending the ensiling duration is not recommended.
Learning-based DoS attack game strategy over multi-process systems
Authors: Hang Zhiqiang , Wang Xiaolin , Li Fangfei , Ren Yi-ang , Li Haitao
Published: December 2024

In cyber-physical systems, the state information from multiple processes is sent simultaneously to remote estimators through wireless channels. However, with the introduction of open media such as wireless networks, cyber-physical systems may become vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks, which can pose significant security risks and challenges to the systems. To better understand the impact of denial-of-service attacks on cyber-physical systems and develop corresponding defense strategies, several research papers have explored this issue from various perspectives. However, most current works still face three limitations. First, they only study the optimal strategy from the perspective of one side (either the attacker or defender). Second, these works assume that the attacker possesses complete knowledge of the system's dynamic information. Finally, the power exerted by both the attacker and defender is assumed to be small and discrete. All these limitations are relatively strict and not suitable for practical applications. In this paper, we addressed these limitations by establishing a continuous power game problem of a denial-of-service attack in a multi-process cyber-physical system with asymmetric information. We also introduced the concept of the age of information to comprehensively characterize data freshness. To solve this problem, we employed the multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the algorithm is effective for solving the game problem and exhibits convergence in multi-agent environments, outperforming other algorithms.
The Impact of Augmented Reality Storybooks on Children’s Reading Comprehension and Motivation
Authors: Du Shaoxu , Sanmugam Mageswaran , Mohd Barkhaya Nurul Maziah
Published: December 2024

While existing literature extensively explores the application of augmented reality (AR) technology in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields and higher education, research on its use in children’s reading remains relatively limited. This research gap urgently needs to be addressed, particularly in understanding how AR can enhance children’s reading comprehension, story retelling, and reading motivation. To address this gap, this study examined the effects of AR Chinese picture storybooks on second-grade students’ reading comprehension, story retelling, and reading motivation. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 60 second-grade students from a primary school in central China, where 30 students used AR storybooks and 30 used traditional paper storybooks. The results indicated that students who used AR storybooks demonstrated better reading comprehension, particularly implicit comprehension, than those who used paper storybooks. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in explicit comprehension. Additionally, the AR storybook group outperformed the paper storybook group in both story retelling and reading motivation. These findings suggest that AR technology can create more interactive and immersive reading experiences, positioning AR as a promising tool for enhancing literacy development in young learners.
Changement climatique : tous vulnérables ?
Authors: Magnan Alexandre
Published: December 2024

Alexandre Magnan propose ici de réviser deux idées reçues : les communautés les plus pauvres seraient les plus vulnérables au changement climatique eu égard à leurs faibles capacités d’adaptation, et une telle adaptation serait exclusivement une question de projection sur le temps long. Ces schémas de pensée sont trop généralistes pour retranscrire la complexité et la diversité des réalités nationales et locales de par le monde. Ils ne permettent pas d’élaborer des stratégies d’adaptation réalistes reposant sur l’ensemble des caractéristiques propres à chaque territoire. Il est urgent de les dépasser, car les conséquences du changement climatique sont désormais pour partie irréversibles. Toutes les sociétés, dans les pays en développement comme dans les pays développés, sont menacées, toutes devront s’adapter.
Accumulare afflizione. Il tempo, la testimonianza e l’indicibile
Authors: Pinelli Barbara
Published: December 2024

Con un taglio etnografico e ripercorrendo la storia di una rifugiata, l’articolo guarda all’interazione fra memoria della violenza, strutture del tempo, poetiche del dicibile e della reticenza per riflettere su ciò che accade a questi caratteri della memoria quando incontrano le strutture burocratiche e umanitarie dell’asilo. Queste strutture usano canoni specifici per tracciare l’esperienza e codificare l’avvenuto, limitandosi a considerare la violazione come un evento, anziché considerare i modi con cui le persone colpite si rapportano a tali accadimenti e da cui la loro soggettività è stata trasformata. Al pari di molte altre storie di rifugiate, la storia riportata mostra come la violazione sia un accumulo di sofferenze che gira dentro e fuori a vincoli e classificazioni sociali che il linguaggio delle strutture statali e umanitarie fatica a decodificare. Allo sguardo di queste strutture rimane altresì invisibile la capacità con cui questa rifugiata dà indizi sulle matrici sociali della testimonianza e inserisce le sue esperienze nelle dimensioni del passato e dell’avvenire. L’articolo è anche un’occasione per riflettere sul riconoscimento pubblico, dato o negato, alle memorie dell’afflizione legate allo statuto politico dell’asilo.
Pollution atmosphérique et action publique
Authors: Boutaric Franck
Published: December 2024

Depuis les débats suscités par la Loi sur l’air de 1996 et la mise en place de nouveaux instruments de mesure et d’action, la politique publique de lutte contre la pollution atmosphérique a changé. En France comme en Europe, cette pollution est devenue un enjeu de santé publique considérable : les études sur les conséquences sanitaires des polluants ne sont plus contestées aujourd’hui. Franck Boutaric observe combien il a été difficile de mettre en œuvre des solutions collectives pour réduire les polluants, ce qui a conduit à privilégier la régulation des comportements individuels.
La montée des embauches en CDD court en France depuis 2000
Authors: Baguelin Olivier
Published: December 2024

La plupart des explications de la montée des contrats à durée déterminée (CDD) courts (moins d’un mois) mettent en cause certains dispositifs, comme le CDD d’usage, les règles d’accès à l’assurance chômage, l’activité réduite ou les droits rechargeables. L’évolution de l’emploi et sa recomposition sectorielle peuvent pourtant à elles seules jouer un rôle considérable dans la multiplication des CDD courts. La présente étude en propose une quantification systématique, entre 2000 et 2019, à partir de statistiques sectorielles Acoss-Urssaf. Trois périodes aux contextes conjoncturels et réglementaires distincts sont considérées : 2000-2009 ; 2009-2014 ; 2014-2019. L’analyse permet de repérer pour certains secteurs, notamment entre 2009 et 2014, une utilisation défensive des CDD courts associée à un emploi en repli. Mais la montée de ce type de contrats est surtout forte dans les secteurs dont l’emploi est en expansion. Quatre tendances sectorielles peuvent être associées à cela : le développement d’activités motivées par un produit occasionnel (spectacle, événementiel, etc.), qui justifie une flexibilité d’usage ; la réponse aux enjeux du vieillissement de la population à partir d’un emploi de mauvaise qualité (médico-social, aide à domicile, etc.), qui démultiplie les absences au travail ; la montée de la sous-traitance (sécurité, propreté, etc.), qui s’accompagne d’une précarisation de l’emploi ; le développement de la sphère présentielle (commerce, restauration, etc.), qui sollicite particulièrement l’emploi ponctuel. Rapporté à ces tendances alimentant la montée des CDD courts, le rôle de stratégies de gestion de l’emploi ajustées à un environnement réglementaire évolutif apparaît limité : c’est particulièrement clair pour le CDD d’usage ou l’activité réduite. De façon générale, les changements de pratiques sont liés aux conjonctures sectorielles.
Précarité, sur-emploi ou discontinuité ?
Authors: Vivès Claire , Remillon Delphine
Published: December 2024

Cet article étudie la situation spécifique des salarié·es de 50 ans et plus en contrats courts pour comprendre leurs trajectoires, leurs vécus, les spécificités des obstacles rencontrés et des ressources mobilisées. Outre un éclairage quantitatif apporté sur notre matériau qualitatif via la mobilisation de l’enquête Emploi, la spécificité de notre démarche réside dans l’analyse croisée des éléments relevant de l’emploi et du chômage, des situations objectives et des vécus. Nous décrivons d’abord les principales caractéristiques socioprofessionnelles des seniors en contrats courts. Nous distinguons ensuite trois types de trajectoires. Deux premières configurations peu connues apparaissent, où contrats courts ne riment pas avec précarité pour les seniors : le cumul d’un emploi stable avec des contrats courts ; des carrières en contrats courts dans des secteurs où ceux-ci sont la norme. Le troisième type de parcours concerne les seniors dont les trajectoires sont marquées par la précarité et qui aspirent à travailler davantage, en contrat à durée indéterminée et avec des conditions de travail moins pénibles. Enfin, nous analysons les ressources et les obstacles spécifiques aux seniors en contrats courts par rapport à des salarié·es plus jeunes dans la même situation.
Le café comme équipement cinématographique. Commerce et localisation du spectacle cinématographique en province à la Belle Époque
Authors: Leveratto Jean-Marc , Montebello Fabrice , Stotzky Pierre
Published: December 2024

Loin d’être limitée à l’industrie du café-concert, à des lieux spécialisés dans l’organisation de concerts et de représentations, une fonction ludique et esthétique a été assurée en France par les cafés de quartiers et de province. Bien avant l’invention de la radio et du juke-box, ceux-ci furent des vecteurs de diffusion de ses produits pour l’industrie musicale moderne, tant par le biais des machines – le piano mécanique, le gramophone – que par celui des musiciens et des chanteurs chargés de fournir un plaisir musical à la clientèle, assise ou dansante. Les cafés de la Belle É poque ont joué le même rôle pour l’industrie cinématographique : déterminant mais peu étudié, sauf à Paris. La filiation entre la sortie cinématographique et la sortie au café-concert, accessible à la grande partie de la population française exclue de la sortie théâtrale, gêne la reconnaissance du rôle des cafés ordinaires dans la formation du public cinématographique en France. Par ailleurs, la valorisation quasi exclusive de la fête foraine comme moyen de popularisation de la technique cinématographique en province explique que, bien que « lieu de mémoire » et étudié comme tel, le café n’ait pas été scruté par les historiens en tant que lieu de mémoire cinématographique.
Leveraging Technology to Enhance Educational Equity and Diversity Introduction
Authors: Akinlar Aylin , Küçüksüleymanoğlu Rüyam
Published: December 2024

Digital technology has helped in uniting the world and breaking unnecessary barriers. Without connectivity, devices and the requisite digital skills, individuals will face additional obstacles to digital inclusion and benefiting from digital opportunities. Creating a fair and inclusive society in the digital age requires digital equity. The rapid integration of digital technologies into the educational landscape has unveiled new potential for enhancing learning experiences and extending the accessibility of educational resources. This chapter delves into the transformative potential of technology within the education sector, with a particular focus on promoting diversity and equity. As digital technologies continue to evolve, they create both unique opportunities and challenges for fostering educational inclusivity. This offers a thorough exploration of how digital technologies can support equity and inclusion, ensuring that every student, irrespective of background, has the opportunity to thrive.
A Comparative Analysis of Leaders' Perception of Provision and Support for Students With Disabilities in Higher Education
Authors: Gonzo Martin , Gonzo Faithfull Cecilia
Published: December 2024

The role of leaders in higher education extends beyond achieving set targets or merely formulating and implementing policies; it also involves empowering teams to support students with disabilities. This chapter investigates leaders' perceptions of how support and provisions are made for students with disabilities. In doing so, the research examined how leaders conceptualise disability and how this and their perceptions reflect on their role in managing their teams for disability. Qualitative methodology was adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to compare the views on disability and support structures of the two HEIs. The findings revealed that while HEIs had a solid understanding of what disability entails, their leaders lacked a consistent perspective on the scope of the issue within their institutions. Lecturers confirmed a lack of leadership support in preparing them to work with students with disabilities. Support for students is handled by teams outside the leaders' direct control, which helps explain the perceived lack of lecturer support.
Future Trends in Healthcare AI Section
Authors: Selvakumar P. , Mamatha K. R. , Justilin J. R. , Periyasamy P. N. , Athavale Vijay Anant
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being applied in a diversity of healthcare contexts to improve or develop a range of skills, including communication, health coaching, moral development, therapeutic interventions, empathetic response and activities, therapeutic bond. In this work, we suggest a governance model aimed at igniting further discourse on the governance of this technology while also attempting to resolve the ethical and legal quandaries that arise from applying AI in healthcare. But mixed in with the excitement comes cynicism, with some warning against having unrealistic expectations. This article examines the most recent developments in medical AI as well as the potential applications for general practice in the future. The results support a rethinking of empathy as a human-AI intelligent caring system with six components. Future investigations into the interaction between AI technology and compassion may enable new and creative approaches to improve healing relationships, expand healing spaces, and enrich clinical practice, education, and learning.
Formulation of a Mixture of Nutmeg Shell Waste with Coarse Aggregate for Optimal Compressive Strength Values in Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Budiman Budiman , Mahmuddin Faisal
Published: December 2024

Nutmeg shell waste (CP) has light and hard characteristics which can be used as a replacement material for coarse aggregate for lightweight concrete. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of aggregate characteristics after being mixed with nutmeg shells as a constituent material for concrete and determine the compressive strength value of the concrete. The method used is a laboratory experimental method with CP waste percentages of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% of the sand volume. The results of the research show the effect of using nutmeg shells in the concrete mixture, where the compressive strength value of the concrete increases along with the increase in CP waste used. The compressive strength values of nutmeg shell concrete (CP) at compositions of 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% were obtained at 234.26, 263.56 kg/cm2, kg/cm2 and 280.14, increasing at 28 days.
Experimental Investigation of Internal Erosion of Gap-Graded Sands
Authors: Chawanaputorn Kasidit , Prasomsri Jitrakon , Likitlersuang Suched
Published: December 2024

Internal erosion often occurs in earthen water-retaining structures such as embankment dams, levees, or dikes, which are created by seepage flows through soil or other porous material where coarser and finer particles are mixed. This erosion process may be referred to as suffusion, resulting in the transportation of fine particles carried away from the soil structure by seepage. If internal erosion occurs, the strength of the soil will be changed, and gaps or cavities in the soil structure may be created, leading to the collapse of the soil, posing a risk of damage to earthen water-retaining structures. This research investigates internal erosion behaviour of gap-graded sands with various fine contents using a series of upward seepage tests. An in-house developed apparatus with a measurement of hydraulic gradient and permeability is used to investigate the initiation and progress of internal erosion.
Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanofiber Murray Membrane for Quick Oil Absorption
Authors: Li Ke Xin , Feng Guang Na , Li Guang Ming , Zhang Zheng Bang , Xiang Jia Hong , Chen Tao , Zhao Hai Li
Published: December 2024

With the rapid advancement of global industrialization, there is an increasing year-on-year demand for oil in society. The occurrence of oil spills during the processes of development, refining, and transportation has become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Electrospun fiber separation using selective oil/water absorption represents a relatively new yet promising technology. However, despite the lipophilic nature of the membrane for oil absorption, the rate of oil absorption is slow. There are still challenges in meeting the needs of developing communities. The plant employs a strategy of multi-branching with narrowed pores, which serves to enhance the efficiency of water and nutrient transfer. Inspired by plant transpiration, we adjusted the parameters of electrospinning and constructed a PVDF biomimetic nanofiber membrane with gradually reduced pore size through a bottom-up layer-by-layer spinning strategy. This PVDF biomimetic nanofiber membrane conforms to Murray's law. The experimental results showed that the oil absorption of carbon tetrachloride by PVDF Murray membrane was 3.06 g/g. Significantly, the PVDF Murray membrane demonstrates rapid adsorption of the oil slick (0.3 mL, n-hexane) in just 13s, as compared to 24s without the Murray structure. Therefore, the one-step preparation of the PVDF Murray membrane indicates a promising potential for its future application as a sustainable and quick oil-absorbent membrane.
Study on Lead Adsorption Properties of Metakaolin/Red Mud Geopolymer
Authors: Jiang Xue , Yuan Xun Miao , Li Nian , Hu Zhen Guang
Published: December 2024

Red mud may cause serious pollution to soil, water, and air. Lead can seriously harm biological and even human health. This chapter summarizes the adsorption properties of metakaolin/red mud base polymer for Pb (Ⅱ). Under optimized conditions, with 0.6g/L adsorbent, pH value of 5, and adsorption time of 120 minutes, the adsorption capacity reached 122.58mg/g, and the removal rate was 73.55%. This will help to mitigate the threat of red mud and lead wastewater to human health and the environment, providing an important reference for water pollution control.
Phase Change Material for Energy-Efficient Concrete Pavement: Evaluating Mechanical and Thermal Performance
Authors: Somani Prakash , Gaur Arun , Sain Amit , Balotiya Ghanshyam
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the dual benefits of Phase Change Material (PCM) incorporation in concrete for pavement construction, focusing on both performance enhancement and energy efficiency. Through extensive mechanical testing and thermal analysis, the effects of PCM content on concrete strength and temperature stress mitigation were evaluated. Results indicate that while PCM addition led to reductions in compressive and flexural strengths, mixes containing 8% PCM maintained feasible strengths for pavement applications. Furthermore, thermal analysis demonstrated significant reductions in temperature and curling stresses with increasing PCM content, highlighting the potential for enhanced pavement durability and energy efficiency. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis identified the 8% PCM mix as the optimal choice due to its balanced performance across critical parameters. This research underscores the efficacy of PCM-enhanced concrete in improving pavement performance and energy efficiency, emphasizing the importance of careful PCM content selection in achieving sustainable pavement solutions.
La Regina Elena. Una vita all’insegna dell’amore
Authors: Regolo Luciano
Published: December 2024

Non disponibile.
THE INDIAN EXCEPTIONALISM: WHY DID INDIA BECOME A DEMOCRACY? A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE AND SOME OBSERVATIONS TO THE DEBATE
Authors: Leone Fabio
Published: December 2024

Dopo 70 anni, la democrazia indiana è considerata, quasi universalmente, come un fenomeno politico consolidato e resistente. Eppure, come la democrazia si sia affermata in India rimane quasi un enigma: le classiche teorie della democratizzazione hanno sempre avuto difficoltà nello spiegare il caso indiano. Per questa ragione, quest’ultimo è stato spesso considerato un “caso eccezionale” o un caso di democratizzazione “deviante”. Questo articolo fornisce una rassegna delle principali posizioni accademiche all’interno del dibattito sull’emergere della democrazia in India. L’analisi della letteratura ha messo in evidenza punti di forza, ma anche elementi di debolezza. In particolare, due elementi di debolezza necessitano di ulteriori ricerche e approfondimenti. Il primo riguarda le leadership politica come fattore esplicativo della democrazia in India. Se le spiegazioni che enfatizzano il ruolo d’influenza della leadership politica nell’emergere del regime democratico indiano sembrano essere le più convincenti (di contro quelle basate su fattori strutturali e sociali lo sono meno); come questa influenza effettivamente avvenga (e come sia avvenuta in India) rimane ancora poco chiaro. Il secondo elemento di debolezza riguarda la scarsa attenzione prestata dalla letteratura ai fattori internazionali per spiegare l’emergere della democrazia indiana.
AMERICA LATINA. TENDENZE DI FONDO E POSSIBILI INTERPRETAZIONI
Authors: Missaglia Marco
Published: December 2024

Dopo 30 anni (1950-1980) di rapida crescita e recupero, la produttività del lavoro in America Latina ha smesso di crescere all'inizio degli anni Ottanta. Negli ultimi quattro decenni, la crescita del PIL (invero molto lenta) è stata realizzata esclusivamente attraverso l'espansione dell'occupazione in settori a basso salario e bassa produttività (essenzialmente, servizi e costruzioni). Inutile dire che in un quadro del genere non è possibile un miglioramento significativo della distribuzione del reddito e della ricchezza. In questo saggio, indico due fattori come ostacoli chiave alla ripresa latinoamericana. In primo luogo, il vincolo esterno imposto dalla Cina e la sua forte preferenza per le importazioni di materie prime non lavorate. In secondo luogo, il vincolo interno imposto dalle élite e dai rentier locali, che hanno un forte interesse a destinare le loro risorse a settori a basso valore aggiunto. Superare questi vincoli è estremamente complicato. Tuttavia, si possono trarre molti insegnamenti dalle economie asiatiche emergenti e dall'approccio pragmatico che hanno seguito nel trattare con le loro élite.
La riforma tributaria. Il metodo Matteotti, Bologna
Authors: Tundo Francesco
Published: December 2024

Non disponibile.
[Play activity of the Hooded crow Corvus corone cornix]
Authors: Mostini Leonardo
Published: December 2024

Three episodes, all similar to each other, of play behaviour by the Hooded crow were observed in September and October 2016 in Piedmont (NW Italy). The game played by the Hooded crow consisted of carrying a walnut in the air with its beak at a height of about 15-20 meters, letting it fall and catching it before it touched the ground, through a fast, sinuous flight that also included some rotations around the axis of its body. At the moment of the recovery of the walnut, the birds were with the dorsal part facing the ground, and the ventral part facing upwards.
[Short communication in Italian]
Enhancing higher education performance: Transformational, transactional and agile leadership
Authors: Samodien Mahir , Du Plessis Marieta , Van Vuuren Carel J.
Published: December 2024

Orientation: Leadership styles have a significant influence on institutional performance. Transactional, transformational and agile leadership styles demonstrate positive organisational outcomes.Research purpose: This study examines how transactional, transformational, and agile leadership styles influence and predict institutional performance within South African higher education. By identifying the most effective leadership approach, the research offers recommendations to enhance leadership strategies in the sector.Motivation for the study: These leadership styles were selected because of their relevance in navigating the structural, innovative and adaptive needs of higher education institutions. Understanding their impact will help shape more effective leadership interventions.Research approach/design and method: A quantitative, correlational design was used. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), Agile Leadership Questionnaire and Institutional Performance Questionnaire were administered to a convenience sample of 224 staff across five public institutions in South Africa.Main findings: All three leadership styles positively and significantly influenced institutional performance. Transformational and agile leadership showed the strongest ability to explain the variance in performance, with transformational leadership explaining the most variance.Practical/managerial implications: Effective leadership is critical for performance in South African higher education. Leadership training should develop transformational and agile leadership behaviours.Contribution/value-add: The findings highlight the importance of leadership style for institutional performance and the need for tailored leadership developmental programmes in academia.
Fixed erythematous plaque: An interesting case report
Authors: Supekar Bhgyashree B. , Rokade Pallavi R. , Wankahde Vaishali H. , Mukhi Jayesh I. , Nama Piyush
Published: December 2024

Docetaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat multiple cancers, including metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer and advanced ovarian cancer. It has been attributable to various cutaneous adverse drug reactions including acral erythema, supravenous hyperpigmentation, and erythema multiforme. We report a case of fixed erythrodysesthesia plaque secondary to docetaxel infusion after the third cycle in a 60-year-old female.
Cardioprotective effect of S-adenosyl L-methionine due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties on isoproterenol-induced chronic heart failure in Wistar rats
Authors: Jalgaonkar Sharmila Vinayak , Tripathi Raakhi , Kurhade Komal Gorakshanath , Chaudhari Pradeep , Mohanty Bhabani Shankar , Vaideeswar Pradeep
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVES:

The development and progression of chronic heart failure (CHF), hypertrophy, and remodeling strongly correlate with myocardial inflammation and oxidative stress. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), available as a dietary supplement, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Previous reports show that by regulating angiogenesis and fibrosis, S-adenosyl-L-methionine improves ventricular remodeling. The study objectives were to investigate the cardioprotective effect of SAMe in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced CHF and explore the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of SAMe in this model.

METHODOLOGY:

After animal ethics permission, CHF was induced using ISO of 10 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days in 24 Wistar rats. There were four groups of six rats in each group: Sham Control, Disease Control (DC), ISO + SAMe 100 mg, and ISO + SAMe 200 mg. The variables assessed were heart to body weight ratio (HW/BW mg/g), bio-distribution of Flourine 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in heart tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and glutathione (GSH) levels in heart tissue, histopathology, and positron emission tomography imaging.

RESULTS:

SAMe in ISO-induced CHF animals showed a significant decrease in the HW/BW compared to DC group (P < 0.001). 18F-FDG uptake was significantly reduced by SAMe in CHF-induced rats compared to DC rats for both doses (P < 0.001). SAMe showed significantly better values of both TNF-α and GSH than the DC group in both doses (P < 0.001). SAMe in both doses showed multifocal necrosis with scarring and minimal inflammatory cells.

CONCLUSION:

SAMe exerts a cardioprotective effect on ISO-induced CHF in rats because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Late Onset Bradycardia
Authors: Dashore Shuken , Pande Sushil , Borkar Milind , Pande Abhishek
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

High-dose corticosteroids are used for various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. When supra-pharmacologic doses of corticosteroids are used intravenously for the treatment of immunobullous diseases such as pemphigus, it is likely to be associated with side effects such as electrolyte disturbances, hypertension, and psychosis.

Case Reports:

In these case series, we report five patients receiving high-dose of dexamethasone with or without cyclophosphamide pulse, developing an unusual form of late onset bradycardia. Details of these patients developing bradycardia after dexamethasone pulse therapy are presented here. In all of these cases, bradycardia can be attributed to high-dose intravenous dexamethasone therapy. Bradyarrhythmias and sinus bradycardia may occur as an adverse effect of pulse therapy.

Conclusion:

Late onset of bradycardia is usually delayed in comparison to steroid infusion and frequently not apparent even after the 3rd day. Bradycardia may be associated with dizziness and may lead to fall and unnecessary trauma. Dermatologists should be aware of this complication, and timely referral to physician is essential.
Study on the Test Procedure of Fuel Economy and CO
2
Emissions for Vehicles with Adaptive Cruise Control System
Authors: Okui Nobunori
Published: December 2024

With advancements in the development of the automated driving technology, vehicles equipped with such technology can be observed widely in market. However, there is a lack of clarity regarding fuel consumption and emission characteristics with automated driving functions. In fact, it cannot be found that any technical papers that have conducted such an evaluation.

Therefore, in this study, it was investigated that an evaluation method to understand fuel consumption and emission characteristics by using the adaptive cruise control (ACC) function. The function is one of the automated driving functions which is widely used and corresponds to Level 2 defined by SAE International (Society of Automotive Engineers). In the approach taken for this study, two vehicles were used as the real driving emission test and the preceding vehicle—equipped with a driving robot—was driven accurately to trace the speed pattern defined by the test cycle. The trailing vehicle was driven using the ACC function, and various performance information of the vehicle was acquired. As the result, it was found that various vehicle performance information with the ACC function was evaluated accurately and the usefulness of the method taken for this study was confirmed experimentally.
The ‘Irish Problem’ through the Lens of Elizabethan Media
Authors: Mettinger Elke
Published: December 2024

This article seeks to explore the 16th century Anglo-Irish problem through the lens of multiple Elizabethan media. It attempts to show that, despite the invention of printing and her Protestant religion, Elizabeth continued to rely on oral and visual media. The sermon and the image seem to have been more directly suitable for bringing her Irish agenda home to the people than printed works whose authors tended to become independent of royal patronage. In addition, the Queen’s gender and her ‘womanly’ feelings were perceived as an impediment to a successful military solution advocated by male authors like Spenser.
Heinrich Heine im slowenischen Lektürekanon
Authors: Krisper Mineja , Kramberger Petra
Published: December 2024

Obwohl der deutsche Dichter Heinrich Heine (1797–1856) eine herausragende Position in der globalen literarischen Szene einnahm, wurde er bis zur zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts oft aus dem schulischen Lektürekanon ausgeschlossen. Die Anerkennung seines Werkes im Bildungsumfeld wurde von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren geprägt, unter anderem von politischen und gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen sowie Kontroversen, die sein Schaffen begleiteten. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht Heines Rolle im gymnasialen und mittelschulischen Lektürekanon des slowenischen ethnischen Gebiets. Die Analyse konzentriert sich hauptsächlich auf die historische Entwicklung der Kanonisierung von Heines Texten im slowenischen Bildungsumfeld und betrachtet auch seine aktuelle Präsenz im slowenischen Schulsystem. Das erste Kapitel beleuchtet Heines Rolle im slowenischen Schulkanon von 1850 bis 1918 und gliedert sich aufgrund des historischen Kontextes in zwei Unterkapitel: Heines Rolle im Deutschunterricht und seine Präsenz in slowenischen Lesebüchern. Das zweite Kapitel konzentriert sich auf Heines Position im slowenischen Bildungskanon von 1918 bis heute. Dabei wird untersucht, wann Heines Texte erstmals in slowenische Lesebücher integriert und welche seiner Werke für die Aufnahme ausgewählt wurden, wann und wie Heines Werke zum festen Bestandteil des slowenischen Bildungssystems wurden und wie der Dichter den slowenischen Schülern heute präsentiert wird.
Teoretični in empirični vidiki sodobnega literarnega vrednotenja
Authors: Kozin Tina
Published: December 2024

The article shows that the traditional definition of literary evaluation is inadequate in today’s context. In the first part, it focuses on literary evaluation from the point of view of literary axiology and raises two questions: whether values ​​are an integral part of literary-axiological research and how to approach their treatment. In the second part, it presents the modern understanding of literary evaluation, which on an empirical level appears as a very multifaceted, complex social process, which presents a unique challenge to literary research. First of all, because in the field of literary studies it is currently not possible to recognize a consistent use of the term “literary evaluation”, which of course means that the understanding of the act or acts of literary evaluation also differ, so it is difficult to give a definition that would be their (all-encompassing) basis – and at the same time it would not be very abstract. Definitions of this kind – and F. Worthmann’s is presented in the article – need to be understood primarily as a (more or less appropriate) axiological methodological tool for the analysis of various individual acts of literary evaluation. Researching literary evaluation is also difficult because, under the influence of major social changes, the evaluation of literature has been stratified into various forms of hidden and overt acts of evaluation, which are directed by different, often difficult to prove interests, aesthetic, cognitive and ethical pluralism or relativism, diverse – often unformed – value criteria, and so on. It therefore seems all the more important that at least the representatives of highly institutionalized evaluation approach it thoughtfully, with as clearly developed value criteria and methodological starting points as possible, with explicit terminology and, as far as possible, a reflected ideational horizon against which they evaluate.
Slovenski pravni jezik
Authors: Paolucci Sandro
Published: December 2024

Kot izhaja iz številnih virov, ima slovenski pravni jezik globoke korenine, ki segajo v zgodnji srednji vek, ko je v večini celinskih držav še prevladovala latinščina, kar je stoletja upočasnilo razvoj dru­gih jezikov, vključno s pravnimi jeziki. Namen prispevka je na kratko predstaviti dolgo zgodovino slovenskega pravnega jezika in njegovo nenehno evolucijo zaradi vpliva drugih jezikov in različnih pravnih sistemov, ki so delovali na ozemlju današnje Slovenije in bili obravnavani kot referenca ali model za izpopolnitev slovenskega pravnega sistema. Preučuje se zlasti vpliv prava Evropske unije na slovenski pravni jezik in terminologijo. Izkaže se, da se je slovenski pravni jezik, tako kot drugi evropski pravni jeziki, z vstopom v EU še dodatno obogatil. Dejanska uvedba prava EU v posameznih državah, v našem konkretnem primeru v Sloveniji, vpliva na razširitev slovenskega pravnega jezika in terminologije, tudi v primerih, ko se terminologija EU razlikuje od tiste, ki se uporablja v slovenskem pravnem redu.