bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of poly-[aqua-(μ7-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylato)-(μ3-1,2,4-triazol-1-ido)dicobalt(II)], C11H7Co2N3O7
Authors: Teng Da , Han Jing , Meng Qinghua , Rong Liangce
Published: October 2016

C11H7Co2N3O7, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 7.8744(6) Å, b = 9.2561(9) Å, c = 9.6688(9) Å, α = 65.775(9)°, β = 87.625(7)°, γ = 73.654(8)°, V = 614.48(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0537, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1458, T = 296 K.
Sustainability in architectural heritage: review of policies and practices
Authors: Sigmund Zvonko
Published: October 2016

If sustainable development goals are to be achieved, it is necessary to consider refurbishment of architectural heritage buildings as well! As just 1% of buildings in the European Union have been built since 2006, it is essential to turn towards refurbishment of existing buildings if goals of sustainable development are to be achieved. Therefore, this article explores the ways in which sustainable development in construction is encouraged and achieved, especially concentrating on architectural heritage buildings. The idea of sustainable development revolves solely around carbon emissions, and therefore, historic buildings in Europe face the key issue of sustainability. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in reusing existing buildings through refurbishment and adaptive reuse where possible, as building reuse should offer environmental savings over demolition and new construction. In addition, despite popular belief, older buildings are capable of adapting to the new energy efficiency norms. This study explores the possibilities of encouraging complete refurbishment (including both sustainable renovation and strengthening) of historical buildings by exploring incentives used in Europe, the USA, Canada and New Zealand. Based on the literature review and best practices, the article concludes with recommendations on how to increase the positive investment flow of private capital into architectural heritage buildings, thus ensuring both preservation of heritage and achievement of sustainable development goals. The findings help both the user of the initiative on gaining insight into the intervention process that can be expected, as well as the local and regional governments interested in boosting adaptive reuse and refurbishment of existing buildings in order to achieve sustainable development goals.
Directions in the Study of Early Modern Reformed Thought
Authors: Muller Richard A.
Published: October 2016

Given both the advances in understanding of early modern Reformed theology made in the last thirty years, the massive multiplication of available sources, the significant literature that has appeared in collateral fields, there is a series of highly promising directions for further study. These include archival research into the life, work, and interrelationships of various thinkers, contextual examination of larger numbers of thinkers, study of academic faculties, the interrelationships between theology, philosophy, science, and law, and the interactions positive as well as negative between different confessionalities.
Reformed Orthodoxy in Puritanism
Authors: Pederson Randall J.
Published: October 2016

This paper explores the relationship between early modern English Puritanism and Reformed orthodoxy through a fresh examination of three ministers who have been described as Puritans: John Owen, Richard Baxter, and John Goodwin. By assessing their attitudes toward the Bible and specifically the doctrine of justification, this paper uncovers an evolving consensus of orthodox thought in the period. Their attitudes and approaches to doctrine and church tradition led to diverse interpretations and directions in the codification of their religion. Their theological interpretations reflect an inherent pattern of diversity within English Puritanism, especially in its attitudes towards the formation of orthodoxy. The relation of Reformed orthodoxy to Puritanism, then, is more complex than older modes of scholarship have allowed. For the Puritan mainstream, Reformed orthodoxy served as a theological compass and thermostat that tested ideas and was to govern both the direction and temperament of Reformed doctrine. For those outside the pale, such orthodoxy and their alleged disloyalty to the Bible and Reformed church tradition was vehemently contested.
The Image of God in Reformed Orthodoxy. Soundings in the Development of an Anthropological Key Concept
Authors: van den Brink Gijsbert , Goudriaan Aza
Published: October 2016

One of the less well-researched areas in the recent renaissance of the study of Reformed orthodoxy is anthropology. In this contribution, we investigate a core topic of Reformed orthodox theological anthropology, viz. its treatment of the human being as created in the image of God. First, we analyze the locus of theimago Deiin the LeidenSynopsis Purioris Theologiae(1625). Second, we highlight some shifts of emphasis in Reformed orthodox treatments of this topic in response to the budding Cartesianism. In particular, the close proximity of the unfallen human being and God was carefully delineated as a result of Descartes’s positing of a univocal correspondence between God and man; and the Cartesian suggestion that original righteousness functioned as a barrier for certain natural impulses, was rejected. Third, we show how, in response to the denial of this connection, the image of God was explicitly related to the concept of natural law. Tying in with similar findings on otherloci, we conclude that Reformed orthodox thought on theimago Deiexhibits a variegated pattern of extensions, qualifications, and adjustments of earlier accounts within a clearly discernable overall continuity.
Attempt at the assessment of the infuence of the education on the level of knowledge of legal regulations concerning nursing profession among nurses
Authors: Zarzeka Aleksander , Wawrzonkowska Agnieszka , Panczyk Mariusz , Belowska Jarosława , Samoliński Łukasz , Gotlib Joanna
Published: October 2016

Introduction. The profession of a nurse should be practised along with the standards of the most recent medical knowledge and law.

Aim. The authors aimed at assessing the relationship between nurse’s education and their knowledge of the legal regulations, taking into account nurses’ performance at work.

Material and methods. A total of 91 nurses were included in the study group. The mean age of the nurses was 34 years (min. 22, max. 63). Group 1: 32 nurses with medium-level education, group 2: 59 nurses with higher-level education. The study tool was a voluntary and anonymous survey questionnaire the authors’ own design, consisting 36 questions. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using STATISTICA 10.0 (Medical University of Warsaw licence), nonparametric U Mann-Whitney Test α<0.05).

Results. 69 nurses declared they knew the legal acts regulating their profession, Group 2 members were significantly more likely to know them (p<0.007). Nurses with higher education were statistically more likely to be aware of the independent character of the profession they practised (p<0.002). Most nurses were aware of their right to refuse a doctor’s order in case it is noncompliant with their conscience (p=NS).

Conclusions. Even though the respondents had relatively good knowledge of legal regulations concerning their profession, it needs to be complemented, for instance through postgraduate education. In the study group, education affected the level of knowledge of nurses. Particular attention should therefore be given to the provision of complementary knowledge of the principles of practising the profession of a nurse to the group of nurses with medium-level education.
Polish hematology on the Internet
Authors: Szymczyk Agnieszka , Macheta Arkadiusz , Radko Katarzyna , Muzyka Justyna , Podhorecka Monika
Published: October 2016

The end of 20th and the beginning of 21st century have brought an intense development of the IT applications, without which people cannot imagine life. In the last years, the Internet has been playing more and more crucial role. It has become a valuable source of information for a big group of people, both patients and medical staff. Pharmaceutical syndicates, scientific units, magazines, medical clinics and departments, as well as individuals design their own websites. This article introduces a review of the most important websites about hematology.
Population Policy Adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Interplay of Global and Local Forces
Authors: Robinson Rachel Sullivan
Published: October 2016

Sub-Saharan African countries have the highest population growth rates in the world, and are also the poorest. In response to a variety of global and local forces, during the 1980s and 1990s two thirds of sub- Saharan African countries adopted national population policies to reduce population growth. Drawing from existing research and using the texts of population policies to illustrate key points, this article summarises the factors that drove population policy adoption in the region. Globally, powerful donors with significant leverage promoted population policies as a solution to lagging socioeconomic development while international organizations spread norms about women’s rights and reproductive health. Locally, technocrats working within relevant ministries backed efforts to increase contraceptive prevalence, and population policies furthered political projects unrelated to population. The interplay of global and local forces led to governments adopting population policies. Ultimately, continued high desired fertility and limited implementation capacity have prevented population policies from significantly lowering fertility, but these policies have likely increased the availability of contraception, created important discursive space related to gender and sexuality, and provided countries with an opportunity to test procedures and approaches for policy-making on sensitive issues.
Word-formation in Slavic languages
Authors: Körtvélyessy Lívia
Published: October 2016

Cross-linguistic research in the field of word-formation (WF) is more or less an untilled area. The main goal of this paper is to compare WF systems in Slavic languages, to analyse and evaluate their nature by comparing WF processes and types in Slavic languages as a whole as well as in individual languages of the Slavic genus. The basis for the comparison is the parameter of saturation value which indicates the structural richness of WF systems in terms of synchronically productive processes. This parameter facilitates cross-linguistic comparison at different levels of generalization, in particular: (i) intra-language level – comparison of the relative contribution of individual WF processes within one language; (ii) inter-language level (a) – comparison of the role of selected WF processes in various languages; inter-language level (b) – comparison of WF systems of various languages; (iii) supra-language level – comparison of WF in various language genera; language families and/or areas (Sprachbunds). The most typical features of compounding, affixation and conversion in Slavic languages are highlighted and illustrated with examples. The method applied to the analysis of word-formation processes is the semasiological method. The results, summarized in tables, make it possible to identify prototypical features of word-formation in Slavic languages.
Are we visible? An interdisciplinary data-based study of self-mention in research articles
Authors: Khedri Mohsen
Published: October 2016

Research articles have often materialized through the use of impersonal objective strategies viz. abstract rhetors, passive constructions, and nominalizations. However, intrusive or subjective strategies, such as self-mentions, appear to integrate impersonal structures. As a rhetorical strategy to explicitly portray authorial selves, self-mentions help writers to project themselves into the discourse by marketing themselves and demarcating their original contribution to the field. Here, an interdisciplinary approach was adopted to examine explicit authorial presence in a comparable corpus of 40 research articles in applied linguistics, psychology, environmental engineering, and chemistry by taking into consideration: (i) the frequency of using exclusive first person plural pronouns (
Social variables and Turkish subject pronoun use in New York City: The effect of language contact
Authors: Koç Didem Koban
Published: October 2016

Over recent years a great deal of attention has been paid to the influence of social variables on the usage of subject personal pronouns (SPP) in South and Central America as well as in immigrant communities in the USA (
An acoustic description of spectral and temporal characteristics of Azerbaijani vowels
Authors: Mokari Payam Ghaffarvand , Werner Stefan
Published: October 2016

This paper presents an acoustic description of the nine Azerbaijani vowels; investigating the underlying acoustic and temporal characteristics of its vowel system. We explored acoustic and temporal parameters including: the first three formants (F1, F2 and F3), fundamental frequency (F0) and duration of the vowels. Participants in this study were 20 male and 23 female Azerbaijani speakers with a Tabrizi dialect. They were asked to utter three repetitions of the nine Azerbaijani vowels in three natural word contexts, embedded in carrier sentences. Results showed that the [ɯ] and [œ] vowels had a large overlap in the F1–F2 vowel space. Further analysis suggested that F3 is an important cue in discrimination of this vowel pair. Vowel-intrinsic duration effect seemed to be relatively strong in Azerbaijani. Other universal features also were found in the production of Azerbaijani vowels: low vowels and female speakers had lower F0 values. Surprisingly, in contrast with previous results for most languages, the average duration of Azerbaijani vowels was greater in males than females. The results of this study define the acoustic vowel-space of the Azerbaijani language and develop a database for further comparisons and investigations.
Emotional and linguistic prosody development in Polish children: Three different paths
Authors: Śmiecińska Joanna
Published: October 2016

The development of prosodic competence in children is a complex process. Various, often conflicting developmental paths have been proposed in the literature, with both the general testing method and language specific factors seeming to be responsible for the variety of the outcomes. In the present study receptive prosodic skills of over 100 Polish children aged 3;6–11 were assessed and compared to the skills of young adults (20–30) in three tasks; emotion recognition of single word utterances, question vs. statement distinction, and synthetic vs. recorded human voice discrimination. No age effect was found in the emotion recognition task; the question vs. statement distinction ability had a clear developmental threshold at the age between 7 and 8, and the ability to spot rhythmic and temporal distortions of synthetic speech gradually improved with age, but was generally not developed in 3;6 to 5;6 year olds. The results suggest a complex path of acquisition of the above skills.
Organophosphines in organoplatinum complexes: structural aspects of trans-PtP2C2 derivatives
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter
Published: October 2016

This review summarized and analyzed the structural parameters of 174 monomeric organoplatinum complexes with an inner coordination sphere of trans-PtP2C2. These complexes crystallized in four crystal systems: hexagonal (x2), orthorhombic (x13), triclinic (x76), and monoclinic (x84). These complexes, on the basis of the coordination mode of the respective donor ligands, can be divided into the seven sub-groups: Pt(PL)2(CL)2, Pt(PL)2(η2-C2L), Pt(η2-P2L)(CL)2, Pt(PL)(η2-P,CL)(CL), Pt(η2-P,CL)2, Pt(η3-P,C,PL)(CL), and Pt(η3-C,P,CL)(PL). The chelating ligands create 4-, 5-, 6-, 16-, 17-, 18-, and 19-membered rings. The total mean values of Pt-L bond distances are 2.055 Å (C) and 2.300 Å (P). There are examples that exist in two isomeric forms and are examples of distortion isomerism. The structural parameters of trans-PtP2C2 are discussed with those of cis-PtP2C2 derivatives.
Empirical Analysis of Hungarian Firms According to Venture Capital Investment Criteria
Authors: Futó Judit Edit
Published: October 2016

Over the past decade the venture capital industry has become more and more prominent, not just on a global level, but in Hungary, too. Thanks to the JEREMIE Program a large number of new venture capital firms are located in our country, and therefore an investment wave has started. The aim of the paper is to sort micro- and small sized enterprises in terms of how appropriate is a venture capital financing. The main topic of the paper relates to the selection of firms for venture capital investment; therefore, in the first part of the study we briefly summarize a general venture capital investment process, highlighting both the selection process and the criteria used for selection. Then we propose 3 indexes (trustworthiness index, openness index, investment index), which we have created to help venture capitalists to decide whether the targeted enterprises are appropriate for them, or not. In the main part of the paper we provide a classification of micro- and small sized Hungarian firms based on my own survey, and we analyze what kind of relationship exists between the proposed indexes and the type of the classified firms. The result of the classification is that we identify four main firm types and, based on statistical tests, it can be said that there is no significant relationship between the trustworthiness index and the clusters, but that there are between the two other indexes and the clusters.
NMR reassignment of stictic acid isolated from a Sumatran lichen Stereocaulon montagneanum (Stereocaulaceae) with superoxide anion scavenging activities
Authors: Ismed Friardi , Dévéhat Françoise Lohézic-Le , Rouaud Isabelle , Ferron Solenn , Bakhtiar Amri , Boustie Joël
Published: October 2016

The phytochemical study of Stereocaulon montagneanum harvested in Sumatra (Indonesia) led to the isolation of 11 known compounds including two metabolites not previously described in the genus Stereocaulon, peristictic acid (8) and menegazziaic acid (10). The complete 1H and 13C NMR spectral assignments of stictic acid derivatives are reported with some revisions. Five depsidones belonging to the stictic acid chemosyndrome were superoxide anion scavengers as potent as ascorbic acid and with no toxicity on two human cell lines.
Simultaneous formulation of terbinafine and salvia monoterpenes into chitosan hydrogel with testing biological activity of corresponding dialysates against C. albicans yeast
Authors: Kodadová Alexandra , Vitková Zuzana , Oremusová Jarmila , Herdová Petra , Ťažký Anton , Mikuš Peter
Published: October 2016

This work was aimed at a progressive formulation of drugs into chitosan hydrogels. It was taken into consideration that a therapeutic effect of the drugs could be enhanced by a combination of natural compounds with chemical (synthetic) drugs. In this work, sage essential oil (SEO) bicyclic monoterpenes with antiflogistic, antiseptic, and antimycotic properties were combined with terbinafine (TB) having a strong antimycotic activity. Detail optimization of the hydrogel-drugs composition (SEO monoterpenes, TB, chitosan, and polysorbate 80 concentrations), based on permeation experiment and UV absorption/GC-MS analysis of permeated species (eucalyptol, camphor, borneol, thujone, TB) in dialysates, was made. Concerning the active drugs formulation, an optimum concentration of TB was set at the level providing maximum release of the SEO monoterpenes. In vitro activity of the dialysates from the optimized hydrogel was tested against Candida albicans showing that a minimum inhibition concentration was significantly exceeded. The experimental results revealed that the chitosan hydrogel was suitable for the simultaneous formulation of the natural drugs (SEO) with chemical drug (TB) resulting in the preparation with acceptable stability, required gel properties, and significant biological activity. Such preparation should be effective in an antimycotic dermal use.
A Site-Specific Study of the Magnetic Field-Dependent Proton Spin Relaxation of an Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex
Authors: Pravdivtsev Andrey N. , Yurkovskaya Alexandra V. , Petrov Pavel A. , Ivanov Konstantin L.
Published: October 2016

We report a study of proton spin relaxation of an Iridium N-heterocyclic carbene complex [Ir(COD)(IMes)Cl] complex (where COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene, Imes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene). This compound is a pre-catalyst of the most efficient complex allowing the signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) effect, relevant for enhancing weak signals in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). An important feature of the study is a combination of relaxation measurements over a wide field range with high-resolution NMR detection. As a result, we are able to measure nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) curves in the field range 0.1 mT–16.4 T (corresponding to the frequency range 4 kHz–700 MHz) for individual protons in the complex under study. This attractive possibility enables determination of the motional correlation times, τc
, for the individual protons by analyzing the features in the NMRD curves (increase of the relaxation times) appearing at the magnetic fields where ωτc
≈1 (here ω is the proton Larmor precession frequency at a given field strength). The following correlation times were determined: (1.3±0.1) ns for the protons of imidazol-2-ylidene, (0.96±0.1) ns for the ortho-protons of two phenyl moieties and (0.95±0.2) ns for the protons of methyl groups. Additionally, we report low-field features coming from “strong coupling” of the protons. One should note that such features must not be misinterpreted by associating them with motional features. From the low-field features we obtain consistent estimates for the proton spin-spin interactions. The analysis of motional correlation times is also of importance for interpretation of spin order transfer from parahydrogen to various substrates in transient organometallic complexes (termed the SABRE effect) at high magnetic field.
Graded Shells in Semiconductor Nanocrystals
Authors: Boldt Klaus
Published: October 2016

The current state-of-the-art of the fabrication and photophysics of graded shells in quantum dots is reviewed. Graded shells, i.e. partially alloyed interfaces between core and shell or between two shells of semiconductor nanoheterostructures, have been demonstrated to improve fluorescence properties and suppress non-radiative pathways of exciton dynamics. By simply looking at linear optics on the level of single excitons this is reflected in increased photoluminescence quantum yields. However, it is shown that graded shells have further beneficial implications for band structure engineering and multiexciton dynamics such as optical gain and charge carrier multiplication.
The X-Linked Autism Protein KIAA2022/KIDLIA Regulates Neurite Outgrowth via N-Cadherin and δ-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Gilbert James , Man Heng-Ye
Published: October 2016

Our previous work showed that loss of the KIAA2022 gene protein results in intellectual disability with language impairment and autistic behavior (KIDLIA, also referred to as XPN). However, the cellular and molecular alterations resulting from a loss of function of KIDLIA and its role in autism with severe intellectual disability remain unknown. Here, we show that KIDLIA plays a key role in neuron migration and morphogenesis. We found that KIDLIA is distributed exclusively in the nucleus. In the developing rat brain, it is expressed only in the cortical plate and subplate region but not in the intermediate or ventricular zone. Usingin uteroelectroporation, we found that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of KIDLIA leads to altered neuron migration and a reduction in dendritic growth and disorganized apical dendrite projections in layer II/III mouse cortical neurons. Consistent with this, in cultured rat neurons, a loss of KIDLIA expression also leads to suppression of dendritic growth and branching. At the molecular level, we found that KIDLIA suppression leads to an increase in cell-surface N-cadherin and an elevated association of N-cadherin with δ-catenin, resulting in depletion of free δ-catenin in the cytosolic compartment. The reduced availability of cytosolic δ-catenin leads to elevated RhoA activity and reduced actin dynamics at the dendritic growth cone. Furthermore, in neurons with KIDLIA knockdown, overexpression of δ-catenin or inhibition of RhoA rescues actin dynamics, dendritic growth, and branching. These findings provide the first evidence on the role of the novel protein KIDLIA in neurodevelopment and autism with severe intellectual disability.
Bimodal behaviour of interfollicular epidermal progenitors regulated by hair follicle position and cycling
Authors: Roy Edwige , Neufeld Zoltan , Cerone Luca , Wong Ho Yi , Hodgson Samantha , Livet Jean , Khosrotehrani Kiarash
Published: October 2016

Interfollicular epidermal (IFE) homeostasis is a major physiological process allowing maintenance of the skin barrier function. Despite progress in our understanding of stem cell populations in different hair follicle compartments, cellular mechanisms of IFE maintenance, in particular, whether a hierarchy of progenitors exists within this compartment, have remained controversial. We here used multicolour lineage tracing with Brainbow transgenic labels activated in the epidermis to track individual keratinocyte clones. Two modes of clonal progression could be observed in the adult murine dorsal skin. Clones attached to hair follicles showed rapid increase in size during the growth phase of the hair cycle. On the other hand, clones distant from hair follicles were slow cycling, but could be mobilized by a proliferative stimulus. Reinforced by mathematical modelling, these data support a model where progenitor cycling characteristics are differentially regulated in areas surrounding or away from growing hair follicles. Thus, while IFE progenitors follow a non‐hierarchical mode of development, spatiotemporal control by their environment can change their potentialities, with far‐reaching implications for epidermal homeostasis, wound repair and cancer development.
Life expectancy in patients with pituitary adenoma receiving growth hormone replacement
Authors: Olsson Daniel S , Trimpou Penelope , Hallén Tobias , Bryngelsson Ing-Liss , Andersson Eva , Skoglund Thomas , Bengtsson Bengt-Åke , Johannsson Gudmundur , Nilsson Anna G
Published: October 2016

Objective

Hypopituitarism has been associated with increased mortality. The excess mortality may be due to untreated growth hormone (GH) deficiency but also due to various underlying disorders. We therefore analysed mortality in patients with only one underlying disorder, non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA), with and without GH replacement therapy (GHRT).

Design and method

Patients with NFPA in the western region of Sweden, 1997–2011, were identified through the National Patient Registry and cross-referenced with several National Health Registries. All patient records were reviewed. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the general population as reference. Cox-regression models were performed to identify predictors of mortality.

Results

A total of 426 NFPA patients with 4599 patient-years were included, of whom 207 had used GHRT and 219 had not received GHRT. Median (range) follow-up in patients with and without GHRT was 12.2 (0–25) and 8.2 (0–27) years, respectively. Other pituitary hormone deficiencies were more frequent in the GHRT group than those in the non-GHRT group. SMR was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.44–0.94; P = 0.018) for the GHRT group and 1.16 (0.94–1.42; P = 0.17) for the non-GHRT group. Direct comparison between the groups showed reduced mortality among those who were GH replaced (P = 0.0063). The SMR for malignant tumours was reduced in the GHRT-group (0.29; 0.08–0.73; P = 0.004) but not in untreated patients.

Conclusions

Selection bias explaining some of the results cannot be excluded. However, NFPA patients with GHRT had reduced overall mortality compared with the general population, and death due to malignancy was not increased. This suggests that long-term GHRT is safe in adult patients selected for treatment.
Assessment of growth and metabolism characteristics in offspring of dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome adults
Authors: Huang Ying , Gao Jiang-Man , Zhang Chun-Mei , Zhao Hong-Cui , Zhao Yue , Li Rong , Yu Yang , Qiao Jie
Published: October 2016

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder that has many characteristic features including hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance and obesity, which may have significant implications for pregnancy outcomes and long-term health of women. Daughters born to PCOS mothers constitute a high-risk group for metabolic and reproductive derangements, but no report has described potential growth and metabolic risk factors for such female offspring. Hence, we used a mouse model of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS to study the mechanisms underlying the pathology of PCOS by investigating the growth, developmental characteristics, metabolic indexes and expression profiles of key genes of offspring born to the models. We found that the average litter size was significantly smaller in the DHEA group, and female offspring had sustained higher body weight, increased body fat and triglyceride content in serum and liver; they also exhibited decreased energy expenditure, oxygen consumption and impaired glucose tolerance. Genes related to glucolipid metabolism such as Pparγ, Acot1/2, Fgf21, Pdk4 and Inhbb were upregulated in the liver of the offspring in DHEA group compared with those in controls, whereas Cyp17a1 expression was significantly decreased. However, the expression of these genes was not detected in male offspring. Our results show that female offspring in DHEA group exhibit perturbed growth and glucolipid metabolism that were not observed in male offspring.
Endocannabinoid system and pregnancy
Authors: Correa Fernando , Wolfson Manuel L , Valchi Paula , Aisemberg Julieta , Franchi Ana María
Published: October 2016

The endocannabinoid system (eCS), is a complex system, comprising the main endogenous ligands anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 and the biosynthetic and degrading enzymes. Cumulative evidence shows that the eCS plays an important role in reproduction, from egg fertilization to parturition. Therefore, alterations in this system, either by recreation/therapeutic use of cannabis or deregulation of the endogenous cannabinoids, might lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including retardation in embryo development, poor blastocyst implantation, inhibition of decidualization, miscarriage and compromised placentation. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms by which the eCS participates in different stages of pregnancy remain poorly understood. In this review, we will examine the evidence from animal and human studies to support the role of the eCS in implantation, early-to-late pregnancy and placentation as well as the difficulties of targeting this system for treatment of female infertility.
Exocannabinoids effect on in vitro bovine oocyte maturation via activation of AKT and ERK1/2
Authors: López-Cardona A P , Sánchez-Calabuig M J , Beltran-Breña P , Agirregoitia N , Rizos D , Agirregoitia E , Gutierrez-Adán A
Published: October 2016

Endocannabinoids are known to mediate practically all reproductive events in mammals; however, little is known about their role in oocyte maturation. Through RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, this study confirms the presence of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in bovine oocytes and shows how exposure to the exogenous cannabinoids HU-210 and THC during theirin vitromaturation (IVM) activates the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins associated with the resumption of meiosis. Although supplementation with HU-210 or THC during IVM did not increase blastocyst yields, the expression of interferon tau (IFNτ) and gap junction alpha-1 protein (GJA1) was enhanced at the blastocyst stage. Our data suggest that cannabinoid agonists may be useful IVM supplements as their presence during oocyte maturation upregulates the expression in blastocysts of key genes for embryo quality.
Mitochondrial ATP is required for the maintenance of membrane integrity in stallion spermatozoa, whereas motility requires both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Davila M Plaza , Muñoz P Martin , Bolaños J M Gallardo , Stout T A E , Gadella B M , Tapia J A , da Silva C Balao , Ferrusola C Ortega , Peña F J
Published: October 2016

To investigate the hypothesis that oxidative phosphorylation is a major source of ATP to fuel stallion sperm motility, oxidative phosphorylation was suppressed using the mitochondrial uncouplers CCCP and 2,4,-dinitrophenol (DNP) and by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration at complex IV using sodium cyanide or at the level of ATP synthase using oligomycin-A. As mitochondrial dysfunction may also lead to oxidative stress, production of reactive oxygen species was monitored simultaneously. All inhibitors reduced ATP content, but oligomycin-A did so most profoundly. Oligomycin-A and CCCP also significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Sperm motility almost completely ceased after the inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and both percentage of motile sperm and sperm velocity were reduced in the presence of mitochondrial uncouplers. Inhibition of ATP synthesis resulted in the loss of sperm membrane integrity and increased the production of reactive oxygen species by degenerating sperm. Inhibition of glycolysis by deoxyglucose led to reduced sperm velocities and reduced ATP content, but not to loss of membrane integrity. These results suggest that, in contrast to many other mammalian species, stallion spermatozoa rely primarily on oxidative phosphorylation to generate the energy required for instance to maintain a functional Na+/K+ gradient, which is dependent on an Na+-K+ antiporter ATPase, which relates directly to the noted membrane integrity loss. Under aerobic conditions, however, glycolysis also provides the energy required for sperm motility.
Universalità e Globalizzazione
Authors: Fabris Adriano
Published: October 2016

El artículo discutirá algunas consecuencias del proceso contemporáneo de globalización partiendo de una discusión filosófica de la relación entre la “universalidad” y “singularidad”. En el trabajo se expondrán y criticarán algunas ideas de “universalidad” desarrolladas en la historia de la filosofía entre Platón y Kant. Una nueva idea de “universalidad” como “universabilidad” se desarrollará desde el punto de vista ético (enraizada en la tradición cristiana) y la práctica del lenguaje y de la comunicación se identificará como un marco concreto para la gestión de los problemas que plantea la globalización contemporánea.

Palabras clave: globalización, universalidad, ética, comunicación.

 
Éticas ecofeministas: la comunidad de la vida
Authors: Triana Moreno Diana Paola
Published: October 2016

Este trabajo de revisión tiene como objetivo tanto identificar los puntos nodales que estructuran las diversas propuestas ecofeministas alrededor de una ética como poner en discusión las tensiones internas que de ahí resultan. Esta revisión documental busca, ante todo, insistir en la importancia de conformar una ética que desarticule los esquemas binarios y conduzca a una mirada antiantropocéntrica, antiandrocéntrica, descentrada e interdisciplinar, como parte de un reto por reconceptualizar los tradicionales andamiajes éticos. Se trata en últimas de reconocer la historicidad y la interdependencia de La comunidad de la vida, en una ética para y por el nosotros.

Palabras clave: ecofeminismo, ecología, ética, feminismo, medio ambiente. 

 
Las rutas del viaje en la cuestión del reconocimiento: un diálogo con la obra de Judith Butler
Authors: Guzman Useche Nataly
Published: October 2016

 

El objetivo del presente artículo de reflexión, es mostrar cómo en la obra de la norteamericana Judith Butler se ponen en tensión los presupuestos del sujeto de la tradición liberal para la asignación de reconocimiento, permitiendo consolidar un puente desde su postura crítica a otras formas de aparecimiento de la otredad, que amplíen este concepto y que permitan apropiarse del viaje como recurso para su reconfiguración

Palabras clave: reconocimiento, Judith Butler, otredad, viajes, outsider.

 
¿Historia de las ideas o genealogía de las prácticas? Creencias marxistas en el Perú
Authors: Castro Figueroa Daniel Alejandro
Published: October 2016

Resumen

En una entrevista de la segunda edición de Crítica de la razón latinoamericana, Castro-Gómez plantea un debate entre dos técnicas historiográficas que se disputaban legitimidad: Historia de las ideas y Genealogía de las prácticas. Según él mismo, el primer proyecto nace muerto, pues se trata de historiar las creencias de América Latina a través de ideas de una élite académica.  En adición, asevera que la Genealogía de las prácticas es la historiografía más adecuada, pues ella revela la cosmovisión contingentemente construida de cada grupo humano a partir de experiencias particulares. No obstante, se argumentará que, lejos de ser antitéticas, ambas formas de historiar pueden complementarse. El presente trabajo es el intento de dicha complementación a través de un caso particular: la incursión del marxismo en el Perú.

Palabras clave: Marxismo, Genealogía de las prácticas, Historia de las ideas, Foucault, Castro-Gomez

 
Lo político reconsiderado desde lo común. Reflexión sobre la posibilidad del posconflicto en Colombia
Authors: González Granados Francisco
Published: October 2016

En el presente escrito plantearé cómo la posibilidad de un escenario de posconflicto en Colombia se puede construir a través de una redefinición de lo político desde un planteamiento de lo común como un modo de política inclusiva que permita construir la relación nosotros/ellos en torno a intereses o valores de los individuos que conforman un grupo con afinidades, intereses disímiles y pasiones antagónicas que pueden ser resueltas en un campo agonístico. Dicho planteamiento lo abordaré en cuatro momentos. El primero, expone el concepto de comunidad de Schmitt. El segundo, deconstruye el concepto schmittiano de lo político. El tercer momento presenta la concepción de lo común como el resultado de las relaciones de multiversos políticos. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la construcción de un escenario de posconflicto en Colombia, concebido como la relación de multiversos políticos.

Palabras clave: político, conficto, agonístico, multicultural, común. Abstract

 
Los salarios en la industria azucarera cubana, central Santa María S. A. 1940
Authors: Marín Bermúdez Yanetsy , González Ochoa Yumaisi
Published: October 2016

La industria azucarera en Cuba representó una de las principales fuentes de ingreso del país desde mediados de la Colonia española. El Archivo del Patrimonio Histórico Azucarero de Villa Clara conserva documentos de los centrales de la actual provincia de Villa Clara, que datan desde 1845-2001. Entre estos documentos se relacionan 335 tomos de las nóminas, los sueldos y jornales de los obreros de estos centrales, 19 tomos que corresponden al Central Santa María S.A., actual Ifraín Alfonso, ubicado en el municipio de Ranchuelo. En la presente investigación se realiza un análisis históricocontable de la nómina de sueldos y jornales del Central Santa María S. A. en 1940, en el contexto de las regulaciones laborales vigentes en este periodo.
Inclusión financiera de Colombia
Authors: Urueña Mejía Juan Carlos
Published: October 2016

En este trabajo, mediante la metodología exploratoria (revisión de fuentes secundarias), se busca mostrar cómo le ha ido a Colombia en términos de inclusión financiera [IF]. Para ello se describen algunas metodologías para medir la IF, como lo son el GLOBAL FINDEX, la AFI y la Asociación Latinoamericana de Instituciones Financieras para el Desarrollo [ALIDE]. Adicionalmente, se exponen las diferentes dimensiones de la IF, como lo son el acceso, el uso, la calidad y el bienestar que genera, y que en el caso de Colombia corresponde a que el 72,5 % de la población tiene acceso a algún producto financiero.
Nuevos postulados contables en la normatividad mundial
Authors: Arrarte Mera Raúl
Published: October 2016

En este trabajo examinamos los nuevos postulados básicos a la luz de los principios de la contabilidad generalmente aceptados como tradicionales. El trabajo aborda una perspectiva analítico-explicativa-documental y desíntesis bibliográfica de libros, revistas contables nacionales e internacionales, compendios y páginas web. La conclusión principal demuestra que se trata de normas dirigidas al inversor, que priorizan lo financiero a lo económico, provenientes del consenso alcanzado por diferentes corrientes teóricas desarrolladas en las últimas décadas, validadas por la práctica de los negocios y cuya finalidad es reflejar la esencia económica de las
operaciones y presentar una imagen fiel de la situación financiera de una empresa. Las normas internacionales de información financiera se emiten por la International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) (anteriormente International Accounting Standards Commite).
El estudio de factibilidad en la gestión de los proyectos de inversiones
Authors: Delgado Victore Roberto , Vérez García María Antonia
Published: October 2016

El trabajo tiene como objetivo brindar un procedimiento para el desarrollo del estudio de factibilidad a lo largo del ciclo de vida del proyecto de inversión en el sistema del turismo en Cuba. Se apoya en el uso de los indicadores para el desarrollo de su estrategia de dirección. 

En el desarrollo del tema se muestran las funciones del estudio de factibilidad en el subproceso de preinversión como medio de evaluación de los anteproyectos en la ingeniería básica, su uso en la ingeniería de detalle, la ejecución y el control, para finalmente validar al cierre del proyecto y el cumplimiento de los indicadores previamente definidos en el estudio de factibilidad.
Las problemáticas de género: una introducción para su aplicación en estudios de contabilidad
Authors: Acosta Sahamuel Martha Giovanna , Patiño Jacinto Ruth Alejandra , Valero Zapata Gloria Milena , Díaz Jiménez Michael Andrés
Published: October 2016

El presente trabajo constituye la revisión de publicaciones en distintos contextos relacionados con problemáticas y tendencias ideológicas relacionadas con las mujeres; se propone una caracterización en Europa, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Latinoamérica, Asia y África, con el propósito de identificar unas condiciones de la situación a nivel general y autores representativos en el tema de referencia, con el propósito de utilizar posteriormente los resultados, en otros escritos, vinculándolos con las investigadoras contables. La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa–documental, por cuanto se basó en la revisión de publicaciones con problemáticas relacionadas con las mujeres. El resultado más significativo es que en todos los contextos se presentan problemáticas, algunos con mayor impacto que otros, sin embargo, asimismo surgen autores muchas veces como respuesta a la necesidad de proponer soluciones o simplemente dar a conocer los problemas, muchos de los cuales han tenido gran transcendencia social a lo largo de la historia.
El caso de las normas contables globales: argumentos y evidencias
Authors: Tarca Ann
Published: October 2016

Este artículo resume los argumentos a favor de un conjunto común de normas de contabilidad y las fuerzas que han promovido la adopción de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera –en adelante NIIF–. El uso generalizado de las NIIF a partir de 2005 ofrece una oportunidad para la investigación empírica sobre sus beneficios. Además, se resumen los resultados de los estudios que son relevantes para evaluar el papel de las NIIF en los mercados de capitales desarrollados y emergentes.
Análisis y comparación de la norma contable local, americana e internacional en el tratamiento de activos derivados
Authors: Arias Moya José Tomás , Yáñez Andrades Verena Alejandra
Published: October 2016

El inminente desarrollo del mercado de derivados a nivel internacional, como así mismo en el nuestro (volumen promedio de transacciones cercano a USD 2.000 millones, lo que representa un 43 % del volumen del mercado de contado) y el creciente interés de las empresas por cubrir sus riesgos financieros, motivó el desarrollo del presente documento en el cual se busca profundizar sobre el tratamiento contable de los activos derivados bajo las distintas normativas, enfocándonos básicamente en la clasificación, valoración, reconocimiento inicial y posterior de estos activos.

Este documento analiza y compara el tratamiento contable y financiero de los activos derivados bajo distintas normas contables, entre ellas: la norma local chilena según los PCGA3, la norma americana, bajo los USGAAP y la norma europea basada en IFRS, con el objetivo de determinar las diferencias significativas en el tratamiento contable de los activos derivados. Para lograr este objetivo, se procedió a la revisión bibliográfica de textos relacionados con el tema de valoración de activos derivados, administración del riesgo y estrategia de cobertura, así como el análisis de textos actualizados relacionados a las normas descritas, obteniendo como resultados preliminares algunas similitudes, como aquella en la cual todos los productos derivados deben reconocerse como activos y pasivos, en el balance de situación financiera, inicialmente a su valor razonable y algunas diferencias como las asociadas a los requerimientos formales en la contabilidad de coberturas, la revalorización de los activos derivados implícitos, los límites de las coberturas, entre otras.
Rendimiento del sector bancario en Colombia conforme a la divulgación on-line de las políticas de gobierno corporativo
Authors: Méndez Beltrán Jairo Andrés , Acosta Contreras Leidy Paola , Amado Durán Yeimi Rocío
Published: October 2016

Dado el interés que se presenta con los temas de gobierno corporativo, este trabajo busca describir si la divulgación on-line de los contenidos de los códigos de buen gobierno es determinante en la generación de rendimientos sobre los activos. Para el desarrollo del trabajo se han tomado 22 entidades bancarias en Colombia en el año 2014, las cuales constituyen la población y la muestra. A partir de lo anterior, se elaboró un análisis estadístico descriptivo, con el fin de explorar si la divulgación on-line de los contenidos de los códigos de buen gobierno es determinante en la generación de rendimientos sobre los activos. Se revela que la divulgación on-line de los contenidos de los códigos de buen gobierno en las entidades bancarias en Colombia, no es determinante en el rendimiento sobre sus activos.
Fomento al emprendimiento: experiencia de México
Authors: Saavedra García María Luisa , Saavedra García Máximo Jorge
Published: October 2016

El presente trabajo intenta brindar un panorama acerca de las acciones de fomento del gobierno federal mexicano, con respecto del emprendimiento. Para lo cual se realizó una investigación documental con el fin de elaborar un estudio acerca de los programas de fomento al emprendimiento, posteriormente presenta una descripción de la situación actual y trata de determinar el impacto por medio de la evolución de los indicadores de GEM México. Entre los hallazgos más importantes se puede mencionar que a pesar de los grandes esfuerzos realizados para impulsar el emprendimiento en los últimos años, esto no ha tenido un efecto importante mostrándose en un bajo crecimiento de la TEA (Tasa de Emprendimiento), comparado con los países latinoamericanos.