bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le vote à l’épreuve informatique
Authors: Baudot Pierre-Yves
Published: November 2014

Cet article examine la constitution de deux types de savoirs, savoirs de régulation et savoirs pratiques, au sein du ministère de l’Intérieur à l’occasion de l’informatisation du processus électoral. La production de ces deux savoirs renvoie à deux configurations administratives différenciées par le rôle qu’y tient le ministère de l’Intérieur : l’une où il est en position monopolistique dans la production des techniques ; l’autre où il ne peut que s’efforcer de réguler le comportement d’acteurs partiellement autonome de sa tutelle. La position du ministère de l’Intérieur dans le processus d’informatisation de l’acte électoral tient à cette double position de régulateur et d’expert technique. L’usage et la présentation que le Ministère fait de ces savoirs – notamment vis-à-vis de l’étranger – sont très différents. Si les savoirs mis en circulation sont essentiellement pratiques, ils ne disent rien des configurations administratives et politiques que les promoteurs de ces savoirs doivent apprendre à entretenir pour imposer leur expertise. C’est pourtant l’articulation entre savoirs techniques et régulation politique qui permet au ministère de l’Intérieur de préserver sa place dans cette configuration d’action publique.
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : « Sur ma religion » de John Rawls : comment les croyances religieuses de Rawls ont influencé sa philosophie politique
Authors: Cohen Joshua , Nagel Thomas
Published: November 2014

Résumé La découverte récente de deux textes de John Rawls sur la religion, notamment de son mémoire de licence consacré à une analyse du péché et de la foi, constitue une invitation à s'interroger sur l'influence de ses croyances religieuses sur sa philosophie politique. Joshua Cohen et Thomas Nagel s'attachent à démêler les relations complexes entre les convictions morales et sociales exprimées sous une forme religieuse dans le mémoire et les principales idées des écrits ultérieurs de Rawls sur la théorie morale et politique. Les principaux points de contact qu'ils identifient sont l'adhésion à une morale définie par les relations interpersonnelles plutôt que par la poursuite du souverain bien ; l'insistance sur l'importance du caractère séparé des personnes ; le rejet de l'idée de société comme un contrat ou une négociation entre des individus égoïstes ; la condamnation de l'inégalité fondée sur l'exclusion et la hiérarchie ; le rejet de l'idée de mérite.
Les fondations de la démocratie
Authors: Kelsen Hans , Urfalino Philippe
Published: November 2014

Résumé Hans Kelsen examine le principe majoritaire à partir de la transformation de la liberté naturelle en liberté civile chez Rousseau. Il apparaît que la règle de majorité permet une approximation de l’autogouvernement, dans la mesure où mieux que l’unanimité ou la majorité qualifiée, la règle de majorité maximise le nombre de ceux dont la volonté individuelle coïncide avec la volonté collective. Ce faisant, elle est la règle de décision qui satisfait le mieux et conjointement les idéaux de liberté et d’égalité. Par ailleurs, l’usage de la règle de majorité est consonant avec un type de personnalité recherchant le compromis et respectant la minorité. Enfin, la démocratie suppose, comme la règle de majorité, une philosophie que Kelsen qualifie de « relativiste » : c’est parce que nous pensons ne pas avoir accès à des vérités ou des valeurs absolues que nous acceptons de nous soumettre à la décision majoritaire.
Justifier la règle de majorité
Authors: Risse Mathias , Hamel Christopher , Roussin Juliette
Published: November 2014

Résumé Cet article s’attaque au statut de règle de décision par défaut dont jouit la règle de majorité en mettant en évidence certaines insuffisances des arguments habituels en faveur de celle-ci. Il se propose notamment de montrer que ces arguments sont, ou bien « trop limités » pour pouvoir justifier pleinement la règle de majorité, ou bien au contraire « trop larges » pour ne justifier qu’elle (à l’exclusion de tout autre règle). L’article s’appuie pour ce faire sur l’analyse critique de l’une des justifications récentes les plus intéressantes de la règle de majorité, celle que propose J. Waldron dans The Dignity of Legislation à partir d’un argument tiré du Second traité du gouvernement civil de John Locke et du théorème de May. L’article se conclut par quelques propositions en vue de produire un argument plus convaincant à l’appui de la règle de majorité.
La règle de majorité en démocratie : équité ou vérité ?
Authors: Girard Charles
Published: November 2014

Résumé Les procédures de prise de décision peuvent être justifiées en démocratie en invoquant soit leur caractère équitable, soit leur aptitude à produire de bonnes décisions. La théorie politique contemporaine tend à privilégier la première voie, car elle n’oblige pas à distinguer entre bonnes et mauvaises décisions, et donc à départager les opinions politiques en fonction de leur justesse ou de leur fausseté. La principale vertu de la règle de majorité serait ainsi de donner un poids égal à toutes les opinions exprimées dans le vote, indépendamment de leur contenu. Contre cette thèse, cet article montre qu’une justification démocratique cohérente du recours à la règle de majorité ne peut pas faire l’économie de considérations épistémiques. Si le vote majoritaire doit être préféré aux autres modes de prise de décision disponibles, c’est parce qu’il permet seul de satisfaire en même temps, autant qu’ils peuvent l’être, le souci de l’équité et le souci de la vérité. Le vote à la majorité est plus équitable que la négociation, le concours ou d’autres règles de vote, mais il ne l’est pas autant que le tirage au sort pondéré par le vote. Il est toutefois plus sensible que cette procédure à la valeur assignée par les électeurs aux options en présence. Ces deux soucis, en outre, ne sont pas contradictoires, car le traitement égal des opinions individuelles ne présuppose pas une épistémologie politique relativiste, mais plutôt faillibiliste.
5. Pauvreté et corruption : un cercle vicieux
Authors: Delavallade Clara
Published: November 2014

Après avoir dressé une typologie de la corruption, cet article en analyse les implications pour les dépenses publiques et la croissance. Il montre également comment l’environnement économique, institutionnel et politique des pays à faible revenu favorise la corruption, perpétuant ainsi le cercle vicieux pauvreté-corruption au niveau des États.
7. L'économie informelle est-elle un frein au développement et à la croissance économiques ?
Authors: Roubaud François
Published: November 2014

L’économie informelle, longtemps restée méconnue, connaît depuis peu un regain d’intérêt, du fait de la précision des concepts et des techniques de mesure ainsi que des enjeux politiques, sociaux et économiques majeurs croissants qu’elle soulève. Cet article revient d’abord sur l’enjeu définitionnel de l’économie informelle, les problématiques liées à sa mesure et la manière dont la théorie économique l’a appréhendée. Ensuite, l’article présente les principaux faits stylisés sur le poids et le rôle de l’économie informelle, avec une attention particulière sur sa dynamique micro et macro de court terme et de long terme. Des pistes de politiques économiques susceptibles de faire rimer économie informelle et développement économique et social sont finalement proposées.
8. Cyberespace et organisations « virtuelles » : l'État souverain a-t-il encore un avenir ?
Authors: Vergne Jean-Philippe , Durand Rodolphe
Published: November 2014

Cet article examine le rôle joué par les « organisations pirates » dans l’évolution des sociétés capitalistes. En particulier, nous montrons que l’expansion des économies capitalistes se produit au sein de territoires – par exemple, le cyberespace – sur lesquels l’État souverain cherche à imposer des normes, souvent suivies par les entreprises traditionnelles, mais souvent contestées par les organisations pirates. La piraterie, loin de pouvoir se réduire a une forme romancée de criminalité, contribue en réalité à coproduire les « règles du jeu » dans les sociétés capitalistes en mutation. Nous développons ces idées à partir du contexte de la cyber-piraterie et expliquons en quoi les pirates représentent une menace pour le système des États-nations instauré au XVII e  siècle par le traité de Westphalie.
9. Transmigration et économies souterraines : une économie « par les pauvres, pour les pauvres »
Authors: Tarrius Alain
Published: November 2014

Depuis les années 1980, une nouvelle forme migratoire se développe dans le rapport transmigration/mondialisation , parallèlement à la dualité immigration/nation . Renouant avec l’ancestral colportage de marchandises, des migrants internationaux effectuent des migrations pendulaires de quelques jours à quelques mois, commercialisant dans diverses nations des produits achetés hors taxes dans d’autres. À partir des années 2000, un marché mondial du «  poor to poor  » ou «  pour les pauvres, par les pauvres  » naît de la conjonction d’intérêts de grandes entreprises d’électronique du Sud-Est asiatique cherchant à exporter leurs marchandises hors taxe, de milieux criminels internationaux cherchant à blanchir d’immenses bénéfices du trafic des drogues et de migrants internationaux pauvres, prêts à colporter massivement ces marchandises. Sur la base de nombreuses recherches empiriques, l’auteur examine la genèse de ce processus.
10. L'entreprise, partie prenante essentielle de l'économie criminelle
Authors: Monnet Bertrand , Véry Philippe
Published: November 2014

Le crime organisé et l’entreprise entretiennent une relation triple, qui fait de cette dernière une partie prenante essentielle de l’économie criminelle. Le premier visage de cette relation est le parasitisme : utilisation frauduleuse des flux financiers et de la supply chain de l’entreprise à des fins de blanchiment et de trafics. L’autre relation subie par l’entreprise qui la lie au crime organisé est la prédation dont elle est la cible, principalement constituée des actions de fraude, extorsion, piraterie et vol. Il est, enfin, essentiel de considérer que l’entreprise peut également être un partenaire du crime organisé, dans une relation de coopération profitable aux deux parties ; cette relation étant particulièrement manifeste au sujet des entreprises dont la mafia a pris le contrôle.
13. Travail des enfants et économie informelle : le cas du Pérou
Authors: Cavagnoud Robin
Published: November 2014

Le « travail des enfants » recouvre des réalités bien différentes selon les aires culturelles. Cet article s’intéresse au cas du Pérou, pays dans lequel 29,8 % des enfants et adolescents de 6 à 17 ans exercent une activité (souvent non rémunérée) au sein du secteur informel. Ce phénomène est intégré dans l’économie informelle de subsistance, et c’est à partir de ce constat qu’il doit être défini et analysé. C’est une activité d’abord familiale, donc difficile à quantifier et à contrôler pour les services publics. Toute activité, licite ou non, qui participe à l’obtention de revenus et à la subsistance de la famille peut ainsi être considérée comme une forme de travail. Du travail qui participe de la « formation » de l’enfant à celui qui nuit à la santé et l’intégrité des adolescents, les activités sont particulièrement diverses. Elles ont toutes, cependant, pour point de départ, une certaine pauvreté et la précarité des rémunérations parentales. Le besoin et le risque de tomber sous le seuil de pauvreté sont dans bien des cas présents. Enfin, le travail des enfants peut être une façon de subvenir aux dépenses nécessaires au suivi d’une scolarité paisible, ou, au contraire, entrer totalement en contradiction avec la possibilité de suivre une scolarité régulière.
Exploring the challenges associated with the greening of supply chains in the South African manganese and phosphate mining industry
Authors: Pooe R.I. David , Mhelembe Khomotso
Published: November 2014

As with most mining activities, the mining of manganese and phosphate has serious consequences for the environment. Despite a largely adequate and progressive framework for environmental governance developed since 1994, few mines have integrated systems into their supply chain processes to minimise environmental risks and ensure the achievement of acceptable standards. Indeed, few mines have been able to implement green supply chain management (GrSCM). The purpose of this article was to explore challenges related to the implementation of GrSCM and to provide insight into how GrSCM can be implemented in the South African manganese and phosphate industry. This article reported findings of a qualitative study involving interviews with 12 participants from the manganese and phosphate industry in South Africa. Purposive sampling techniques were used. Emerging from the study were six themes, all of which were identified as key challenges in the implementation of GrSCM in the manganese and phosphate mining industry. From the findings, these challenges include the operationalisation of environmental issues, lack of collaboration and knowledge sharing, proper application of monitoring and control systems,lack of clear policy and legislative direction, the cost of implementing GrSCM practices, and the need for strong leadership and management of change. On the basis of the literature reviewed and empirical findings, conclusions were drawn and policy and management recommendations were accordingly made.
South Africa’s freight rail reform: A demand-driven perspective
Authors: Havenga Jan H. , Simpson Zane P. , De Bod Anneke
Published: November 2014

During the 20th century, freight transport in South Africa was employed to attain politicoeconomic ideals, resulting in the overprotection of rail and overregulation of road transport. Increasing industry pressure, combined with the international deregulation trend, led to deregulation in 1988. Myopia resulted in a rail investment hiatus and exponential growth in high-value, long-distance road transport, causing excessive logistics and externality costs for the country. The aim of this study was to propose a freight rail reform agenda based on, (1) lessons from past freight transport policy efforts and (2) the results of freight transport market segmentation driven by models developed over the past two decades. For the study, freight flows were modelled by disaggregating the national input–output model into 372 origin–destination pairs and 71 commodity groups, followed by distance decay gravitymodelling. Logistics costs were calculated by relating commodity-level freight flows to the costs of fulfilling associated logistical functions. The standard management approach of founding strategy development on market-driven segmentation provides a neutral input to steer rail reform discussions in South Africa. Market segmentation points to a dualistic rail reform agenda, enabling both a profit-driven core and a development-driven branch line network. Freight flow insights are steering the policy reform debate towards long-term freight strategy development and optimal freight logistics network design.
Baclofen in the short-term maintenance treatment of benzodiazepine dependence
Authors: Shukla Lekhansh , Kandasamy Arun , Kesavan Muralidharan , Benegal Vivek
Published: November 2014

Benzodiazepine (BZD) dependence is a significant public health problem. Apart from the long-term tapering doses of BZD, no others drugs are available for the maintenance treatment of BZD dependence. Baclofen has been used in alcohol and other drug dependence as long-term anti-craving agent. Since alcohol and BZD act through the GABA receptor, we attempted to study the effect of Baclofen as maintenance treatment in a series of five cases with BZD dependence.
Investigating Functional Properties of Depressive Rumination: Insight and Avoidance
Authors: Kingston Rosemary E. F. , Watkins Edward R. , Nolen–Hoeksema Susan
Published: November 2014

It remains unresolved why people keep ruminating even though it confers vulnerability to depression. It has been hypothesised that rumination is reinforced by (i) increasing insight and understanding into difficulties and/or (ii) providing a rationale for avoiding taking action, thereby avoiding aversive situations. To test this, we used an experimental analogue to rumination about threat: Participants were confronted with being assertive about a difficult interpersonal issue, and randomly allocated to repetitively think about this in an abstract style characteristic of depressive rumination (“Why?”) or a concrete style inconsistent with depressive rumination (“How?”). Relative to abstract rumination, concrete thinking significantly enhanced sense of confidence, control, and assertiveness self–efficacy, but not insight and understanding. In contrast, rumination increased justification for avoidance relative to concrete thinking. These findings suggest that rumination does not increase insight relative to other problem–focused thinking, but it may be reinforced by providing evidence that supports inactivity and avoidance.
Retrieval and validation of carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor for the Canary Islands IR-laser occultation experiment
Authors: Proschek V. , Kirchengast G. , Schweitzer S. , Brooke J. S. A. , Bernath P. F. , Thomas C. B. , Wang J.-G. , Tereszchuk K. A. , González Abad G. , Hargreaves R. J. , Beale C. A. , Harrison J. J. , Martin P. A. , Kasyutich V. L. , Gerbig C. , Kolle O. , Loescher A.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. The first ground-based experiment to prove the concept of a novel space-based observation technique for microwave and infrared-laser occultation between Low Earth Orbit satellites (LMIO) was performed in the Canary Islands between La Palma and Tenerife in July 2011. This experiment aimed to demonstrate the infrared-laser differential transmission principle for the measurement of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the free atmosphere. Such global and long-term stable measurements of GHGs, accompanied also by measurements of thermodynamic parameters and line-of-sight wind in a self-calibrating way, have become very important for climate change monitoring. The experiment delivered promising initial data for demonstrating the new observation concept by retrieving volume mixing ratios of GHGs along a ~ 144 km signal path at altitudes of ~ 2.4 km. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the measurements, following a recent publication that introduced the experiment's technical setup and first results for an example retrieval of CO2. We present the observational and validation datasets, the latter simultaneously measured at the transmitter and receiver sites, the measurement data handling, and the differential transmission retrieval procedure. We also determine the individual and combined uncertainties influencing the results and present the retrieval results for 12CO2, 13CO2, C18OO, H2O and CH4. The new method is found to have a reliable basis for monitoring of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, and H2O in the free atmosphere.
A long-term Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data record for climate studies and monitoring
Authors: Estilow T. W. , Young A. H. , Robinson D. A.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. This paper describes the long-term, satellite-based visible snow cover extent NOAA climate data record (CDR) currently available for climate studies, monitoring, and model validation. This environmental data product is developed from weekly Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent data that have been digitized from snow cover maps onto a Cartesian grid draped over a polar stereographic projection. The data has a spatial resolution of 190.5 km at 60 ° latitude, are updated monthly, and span from 4 October 1966 to present. The data comprise the longest satellite-based CDR of any environmental variable. Access to the data are provided in netCDF format and are archived by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under the satellite climate data record program (doi:10.7289/V5N014G9). The basic characteristics, history, and evolution of the dataset are presented herein. In general, the CDR provides similar spatial and temporal variability as its widely used predecessor product. Key refinements to the new CDR improve the product's grid accuracy and documentation, and bring metadata into compliance with current standards for climate data records.
Interventions for Grandmothers: Comparative Effectiveness of Resourcefulness Training, HRV Biofeedback, and Journaling
Authors: Zauszniewski Jaclene A. , Musil Carol M.
Published: November 2014

In the United States, more than one million grandmothers are raising their grandchildren, and this can be stressful, produce depressive symptoms, and adversely affect their quality of life. The pilot trial of 60 grandmothers reported here examined the effects of a cognitive behavioral intervention (resourcefulness training), biofeedback control training (focused on heart rate variability), and journaling on measures of perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and quality of life. Comparative analysis revealed a decrease in stress with all three conditions; a decrease in depressive symptoms in the resourcefulness training group; and improved quality of life in the resourcefulness training and biofeedback groups.
Shadowy Things and Dying Forms Investigating an Original Manuscript of Poe's “The Conqueror Worm”
Authors: Savoye Jeffrey A.
Published: November 2014

In the summer of 2013, what purported to be a manuscript of “The Conqueror Worm,” written entirely in Poe's hand, unexpectedly appeared at auction. Its history was essentially unknown, but there were tantalizing clues that prevented it from being dismissed outright as a forgery. Could it be genuine? An initial examination was inconclusive. Subsequent evaluation of the manuscript, however, not only reveals much about the document itself, and Poe's iconic poem, but also allows an enlightening opportunity to peer into the misty realm of authenticating rare artifacts.
Edgar Allan Poe “The Black Cat,” and Current Forensic Psychology
Authors: Hester Vicki , Segir Emily
Published: November 2014

In “The Black Cat,” Poe created a narrator who lacks remorse, empathy, and a conscience, a character who deceives and manipulates those around him because of an impulsive, egocentric personality known as psychopathy. In the beginning, the narrator explains that he will die the next day for murdering his wife; however, readers soon understand he has no living relatives who care about his guilt or innocence, calling into question audience and purpose. While readers might wonder if he hopes for a stay of execution, this thought will soon pass because he admits to the murder and provides grisly, perverse details of the crime. When readers juxtapose the narrator's words and actions with current forensic research on psychopathy—especially with the research of Robert D. Hare, audience and purpose become clear. Moreover, Hare's research—when compared and contrasted with literary scholars such as Richard Badenhausen, Susan Amper, Joseph Stark, and John Cleman—also highlights Poe's political and scientific acumen along with his literary skill at creating a character that readers during the 1840s would have understood in light of the legal debates concerning the insanity defense. Poe created a textbook psychopathic personality, leaving out none of the traits, even though the currently accepted definition of psychopathy was not agreed upon until the early 1990s. Through this narrator, Poe reveals the inner workings of a criminal type that public defenders of Poe's time, along with scientists and the public, agreed should not be held accountable for their crimes.
Uterine Disorders in 50 Pet Rabbits
Authors: Künzel Frank , Grinninger Petra , Shibly Sarina , Hassan Jasmin , Tichy Alexander , Berghold Petra , Fuchs-Baumgartinger Andrea
Published: November 2014

Although the incidence of uterine disorders in pet rabbits is high there are only a few retrospective studies and case reports on genital tract disease in female rabbits. Uterine disorders were assessed in 50 pet rabbits. In 31 pet rabbits with suspected clinical uterine disease, medical records were further reviewed regarding clinical signs, diagnostic workup, treatment as well as the outcome itself. Uterine adenocarcinoma (54%) was most frequently diagnosed, followed by endometrial hyperplasia (26%). Serosanguineous vaginal discharge was the predominant clinical sign observed by the rabbit owners. In approximately 50% of the rabbits with suspected uterine disorders, abdominal palpation revealed enlarged and/or irregular masses in the caudoventral abdomen indicating uterine lesions. Out of 23 rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy, four were either euthanized or died shortly after surgery because they were clinically unstable. Overall, 80% of the ovariohysterectomized animals were still alive 6 mo after surgery. In female pet rabbits that are not breeding, either ovariohysterectomy should be performed at an early age or routine checks including ultrasonography of the abdomen are recommended on a regular basis.
Penile Amputation and Scrotal Urethrostomy Followed by Chemotherapy in a Dog with Penile Hemangiosarcoma
Authors: Bolfer Luiz , Schmit Joanna M. , MacNeill Amy L. , Ragetly Chantal A. , Bennett R. Avery , McMichael Maureen
Published: November 2014

A 7 yr old castrated male standard poodle weighing 25 kg was presented with a 5 day history of hematuria, dysuria, and the presence of a 2.5 cm, firm swelling within the prepuce. Abdominal radiographs revealed a soft-tissue mass on the distal prepuce and lysis of the cranial margin of the os penis. The patient was sedated and an ulcerated hemorrhagic mass was identified at the tip of the penis. The mass was diagnosed as hemangiosarcoma via incisional biopsy. A penile amputation with scrotal urethrostomy was performed followed by chemotherapy with doxorubicin.
Staged Orthodontic Movement of Mesiolinguoversion of the Mandibular Canine Tooth in a Dog
Authors: Kim Chun-Geun , Lee So-Young , Park Hee-Myung
Published: November 2014

A 10 mo old Sapsaree dog presented for evaluation and treatment of malocclusion causing palatal trauma. A class III malocclusion with mesiolinguoversion of the 404 and enamel hypoplasia was diagnosed based on oral examination. It was decided to attempt orthodontic correction of the mesiolinguoverted tooth using an elastic chain and inclined bite plane technique with crown restoration of the enamel hypoplasia teeth. One year after the orthodontic correction and composite removal, the mesiolinguoverted right mandibular canine tooth was moved to an acceptable location within the dental arch and the locally discolored right maxillary canine tooth was vital.
ANÁLISE DE SITUAÇÕES DE PACIENTES AGRESSIVOS EM UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Ângela , Da Silva Thaíse Liara , Maftum Mariluci Alves , Paes Márcio Roberto , Lacerda Maria Ribeiro
Published: November 2014

esquisa exploratória em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva adulto de um hospital de ensino de Curitiba/Paraná, com coleta de dados de agosto a setembro de 2010. Participaram oito profissionais de enfermagem, cujos objetivos foram apreender a percepção da equipe de enfermagem sobre a violência ocorrida na unidade e reações desta equipe mediante o evento. Os dados obtidos, por entrevista em grupo e pela Análise de Conteúdo, permitiram as seguintes categorias: a violência advinda do paciente contra a equipe enfermagem; motivos de violência durante o cuidado de enfermagem e reação da equipe de enfermagem à violência provocada pelo paciente. Encontrou-se que a violência ocorre pela não resolutividade do problema do paciente, podendo vir de familiares ou de pacientes e pela falta de comunicação como antecipação do cuidado. Conclui-se que a comunicação é instrumento para o cuidado de enfermagem e pode contribuir para a não violência aos indivíduos que trabalham para promover o cuidado em saúde.
DIAGNÓSTICOS E PROPOSTAS DE INTERVENÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM AOS PACIENTES EM PÓS OPERATÓRIO IMEDIATO DE CIRURGIA ELETIVA
Authors: Bertoncello Kátia Cilene Godinho , Sávio Bruna , Ferreira Juliana Martins , Amante Lúcia Nazareth , Nascimento Eliane Regina Pereira do
Published: November 2014

Objetivou-se identificar os diagnósticos de enfermagem apresentados por pacientes em pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia eletiva e propor intervenções de enfermagem. Realizou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa, exploratória e descritiva. Evoluídos 27 pacientes internados na clínica cirúrgica de um hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil, maiores de 18 anos, ambos os sexos, que estivessem em pós-operatório imediato no período de março e abril de 2011; e que não apresentasse complicações, nem re-operações. Utilizando o raciocínio de diagnóstico de Risner, identificaram-se sete diagnósticos segundo a North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Propôs-se 62 intervenções de enfermagem baseadas na Nursing Interventions Classification, que pudessem propiciar redução de danos a esses pacientes específicos. As intervenções, notadas pelos diagnósticos proporcionam autonomia ao enfermeiro e um cuidado individualizado, fundamentados nos fatores relacionados e nas características definidoras identificadas.
O PROCESSO DE RESILIÊNCIA DE MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA: UMA ABORDAGEM QUALITATIVA
Authors: Trigueiro Tatiane Herreira , Labronici Liliana Maria , Merighi Miriam Aparecida Barbosa , Raimondo Maria Lúcia
Published: November 2014

esquisa descritiva, qualitativa, realizada em serviço de acolhimento institucional, em Curitiba/Paraná, com 08 mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica. Os objetivos foram identificar o percurso da resiliência nas mulheres e conhecer os fatores que predispõem a resiliência. A coleta de dados ocorreu de novembro de 2010 a fevereiro de 2011, mediante entrevista aberta gravada e transcrita. Os discursos, analisados pela análise de conteúdo temática, revelaram o tema: A força do amor materno interrompendo o ciclo da violência doméstica e possibilitando o processo de resiliência. Evidenciou-se que o início do processo de resiliência ocorreu quando os filhos passaram a ser vítimas da violência e a permanência no serviço de acolhimento gerou perspectivas para a superação do vivido e possibilidades de um futuro melhor. As experiências das mulheres e dos fatores de resiliência oferecem subsídios à Enfermagem, possibilitando a realização de ações de enfrentamento e cuidado conforme as vivências das mesmas.
Análise de Conteúdo
Authors: Rossi George Bedinelli , Serralvo Francisco Antonio , Joao Belmiro Nascimento
Published: November 2014

Sendo este tpico amplo em demasia, pretende-se aqui expor de maneira no exaustiva as metodologias mais comuns. Este estudo visa apresentar algumas das mais comuns metodologias, ou estratgia, para a realizao de Analise de Contedo, no sendo, assim, exaustiva, ou seja, no se apresentara todas as variaes e mtodos deste tipo de analise, isto somente seria possvel com um livro. A analise de contedo embora tradicionalmente seja uma tcnica quantitativa, ha tambm a qualitativa que vem tomando vulto nos ltimos anos. Consideraes iniciais: Uma importante questo quanto a realizao de analise de contedo e a deciso se a analise ter por foco contedo latente ou manifesto. Analises referentes ao que o texto diz lidam com descrio visvel e componentes bvios referem-se a contedos manifestos que so contveis, uma abordagem quantitativa de analise de contedo. Por outro lado, analises quanto ao que o texto apresenta lidam com aspectos de relaes e envolvem a interpretao de significados ocultos do texto so referenciados como contedo latente, abordagem qualitativa (DOWNE-WAMBOLDT, 1992, KONDRACKI et al., 2002). Ambas abordagens, latente e manifesto, lidam com interpretao mas a interpretao varia em profundidade e nvel de abstrao. Assim sendo, a primeira deciso quanto a analise de contedo e se esta ser quantitativa ou qualitativa ou se fara uso de ambas (BABBIE, 1998).
Conjoint Analysis para Pesquisa de Marketing no Brasil
Authors: Rao Vithala R. , Pilli Luis Eduardo
Published: November 2014

Este artigo oferece uma reviso, de 1971 at a atualidade, dos mtodos de conjoint analysis que so abordagens de coleta de dados baseadas em preferncias ou escolhas declaradas pelos consumidores. Milhares de estudos foram realizados com o uso de conjoint analysis, desde a introduo do mtodo no incio da dcada de 70. Este conjunto de mtodos permite que os pesquisadores de mercado estudem trade-off entre os atributos de novos produtos, sendo til para vrias decises de marketing com design de produto, apreamento e segmentao de mercado. O conjunto atual de opes de conjoint analysis composto pela abordagem tradicional de preferncia declarada, pelas tcnicas de escolhas discretas (CBCA ou choice based conjoint analysis) que se baseiam em escolhas declaradas, pela abordagem autoexplicativa que usa elicitao direta de importncia de atributos e avaliao dos nveis dos atributos e pela abordagem adaptativa (ACA ou adaptive conjoint analysis) que implica em coleta de dados por etapas e adaptativa. Este artigo resume estes mtodos e seus desenvolvimentos recentes e apresenta uma aplicao no Mercado brasileiro. Dada a versatilidade do mtodo, existe um enorme potencial para a pesquisa de marketing no Brasil. Essencialmente, esta metodologia est viva e crescendo.
Revisitando os Sete Mandamentos para Usuários de Métodos Multivariados
Authors: Sheth Jagdish N.
Published: November 2014

Enquanto mtodos multivariados so extremamente relevantes para os problemas de marketing, no fcil implement-los com sucesso em programas de pesquisa das organizaes, devido a sua complexidade e variedade. Portanto, algumas orientaes prticas so descritas abaixo, as quais deveriam ser seguidas por pesquisadores que estejam comprometidos com a ideia de integrao de mtodos multivariados em seus programas.
Estímulos Sensoriais e seus Significados para o Consumidor: Investigando uma Atmosfera de Serviço Centrado na Experiência
Authors: Aguiar Edvan Cruz , Farias Salomão Alencar de
Published: November 2014

Esta pesquisa buscou identificar os significados atribudos pelos consumidores aos elementos sensoriais de uma atmosfera de servios centrados na experincia. Partindo de uma abordagem qualitativa, o mtodo de estudo de caso com inspirao fenomenolgica foi utilizado. Por meio de tcnicas de observao, entrevista, anlise de contedo e de discurso, foi possvel caracterizar o caso e apreender o essencial percepo dos consumidores relacionada s suas experincias de consumo. A identificao dos significados (bem estar, retr, tranquilidade, conforto, agradvel, convidativo para a conversa, relaxante, descontrado, animado, alegre, vivo e diferenciado) permitiu evidenciar um alinhamento destes com a proposta de experincia ofertada pela organizao de servios investigada. O trabalho, alm de contribuir para uma melhor compreenso da influncia da atmosfera de loja (suas dimenses constitutivas) no comportamento do consumidor, traz uma perspectiva alternativa para a investigao do fenmeno. Sugestes para estudos futuros tambm so apresentadas.
Métricas, Mídias e Anunciantes: Discutindo a Relação
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Aurelio de Souza , Chimenti Paula Castro Pires de Souza , Nogueira Antonio Roberto Ramos
Published: November 2014

O estudo procura compreender como anunciantes brasileiros vm se adaptando s novas mdias e suas mtricas de ateno. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com anunciantes em 2009 e 2011. Em 2009, novas mdias e suas mtricas eram percebidas como inovaes que aumentariam a eficincia das campanhas. Em 2011 esta percepo se mostrou prejudicada: a profuso de mtricas das novas mdias, antes percebida como um diferencial, passa a comprometer sua facilidade de uso e sua adoo. Dentre seus achados, e estudo aponta para uma oportunidade para grupos de comunicao se deslocarem da orientao ao produto para uma orientao ao cliente, desenvolvendo mtricas simples e integradas para anunciantes.
Materials to knowledage of the geographical distribution of higher fungi in Europe. IV
Authors: Skirgiełło Alina
Published: November 2014

The localities of 24 species of Basidiomycetes, recorded from Poland, are presented and their distribution shown by the measuring point method with occasional reference to the geographical range of several trees.
Studies on alfalfa diseases caused by fungi. II
Authors: Czaplińska S.
Published: November 2014

The specific and quantitative composition of the microflora was investigated within the range of the roots of 1-, 2- and 3-year plants in alfalfa cultures with the aim of finding effective new methods of control or prevention of diseases of alfalfa caused by Verticillium albo-atrum and Ascochyta imperfect. The biotic realations between the most numerous saprophytes found on the same sites and the above named pathogens were also studied.
Puccinia coronata Corda host of diptera of the family Cecidomyidae
Authors: Pruszyńska-Gondek Marta
Published: November 2014

In spring 1972 the author found the larvane of diptera of the family Cecidomyidae feeding on the ecidiospores of Puccinia coronata Corda on the leves of Rhamnus cathartica L.
Studies on parasitic fungi of plants occurring in the lake littoral of the Masurian Lakeland
Authors: Durska Bożena
Published: November 2014

In the years 1969-1970 the parasitie mycoflora of plants occurring in the littoral of 51 lakes of the Olsztyn and Mrągowo lake distriets and inthe Land of Great Lakes was examined. 132 species of parasitic fungi on the 150 vascular plants species were found, 6 of them for the first time in Poland, and 9 on hosts hitherto not observed in Poland. The influence of ecological factors such as the zone of the littoral, the position and irradiation of the coast etc. on the occurrence of pathogens was noted. The effect of some pathogenes on the transpiration, level of nitrogen and phosphorus, calorific value and yield of host plants wasalso examined, maily for Phragmites communis Trin.
Mycoflora of phyllosphere
Authors: Chruściak Elżbieta
Published: November 2014

The qualitative content of the mycoflora of the phyllosphere of Sambucus nigra, Tavaxaccum officinale, Secale cereale and Brassica napus was examined. The dominance of yeast-like fungi from the genera Trichosporon, Torulopsis and Rhodotorula on the leaves of Sambucus nigra and of Torulopsis on the leaves of Taraxaccum officinale was observed. In the phyllosphere of Secale cereale and Brassica napus the number of these fungi was more limited. An attempt was made to isolate strains capable of decomposition of proteins lipides, pectin and cellulose from the obtained fungi was made.
Fusarium graminearum Schw. pasożyt wtórny na Uromyces fabae (Pers.) de Bary - Fusarium graminearum Schw. secondary parasite of Uromyces fabae (Pers.) de Bary
Authors: Pruszyńska-Gondek Marta
Published: November 2014

The work presents the description of Fusarium praminearum Schw. seconday parasite of Uromyces fabae (Pers.) de Bary occurring on the leves of Vicia faba L.
Chromelosporium ollare (Pers.) Hennebert - a fungus not noted in greenhouse cultures in Poland
Authors: Pudełko Zofia
Published: November 2014

A description of Chromelosporium ollare isolated from greenhouse cultures in Poland is given and the history of the nomenclature of this species presented.
The effect of nitrogen application on the development of rusts on wheat varieties
Authors: Haggag M. E. , Eweida M. H. , El-Sayed F. F.
Published: November 2014

The effect of four different levels of nitrogen fertilization on the severity of rusts on three local Egyptian wheat varieties have been investigated. Nitrogen fertilizer was at the rates 0, 40, 60, and 80 kg nitrogen per feddan. Data obtained indicated that resistance of the varieties did not change while percent severity of postules on susceptible, moderately susceptible and moderately resistant varieties was increased as the level of nitrogen fertilization increased. Heavy doses of nitrogen promoted the size and frequency of postules and hence the rust growth and predisposed the plants to higher infection with rusts.
Rare and new for Poland species of Uredinales and Ustilaginales collected in the area of the Pieniny Mountains (Western Carpathians)
Authors: Kućmierz Jan
Published: November 2014

The author has found Puccinia asteris-olpini on Aster alpinus - a species new to Poland, and five species of fungi on host new to Poland: Anthracoidea caricis on Carer pallescens, Entyloma doctylidis on Dactylis glomerata, Schizonella melanogramma on Carex ornithopoda, Urocystis poae on Poa trivialis, Ustilago striiformis on Agropyron repens and Sesleria coerulea. Other species are rare in Polish mycoflora and known only from isolated stands.
Notices about method of appreciation of productivity of fungal fruit-bodies based on observations in Las Piwnicki Natyre Reserve
Authors: Hołownia Irena
Published: November 2014

The productivity of fungal fruit-bodies (Agaricales and Gasteromycetes) obtained on the basis of observations performed in 1972 on two 1 hectare areas of the reservation. On each of these areas 40 test plots 5 square meters each were marked (1 X 5 m). The productivity was 185 650 fruit-bodies/ha/year and had a biomass off 22.15 kg dry weight in the association Pino-Quercetum and 108 950/ha year with a biomass of equal to 7.5 kg dry weight in the association Tilio-Carpinetum typicum. The observations were performed twice a month from April till November, but the production in the montMs August-November was over 90°/0 of the total production in both associations.
Fungi occurring in forests injured by air pollutants in the Upper Silesia and Cracov industrial Regions. V. Fungi inhabiting the overground portions of trees used in the regeneration of stands converted in 1971-1975
Authors: Domański S. , Kowalski S. , Kowalski T.
Published: November 2014

Results of investigations on fungi infecting both the leaves, needles or shoots, and the branches or trunks of 6-15-year-old tree species in forest stands rebuilt within two industrial regions in Poland are given in this paper.
Attempts at utilization of the EP reagent for testing the occurrence of azulene compounds in genus Lactarius fungi, for taxonomic purposes
Authors: Nespiak Andrzej , Rymkiewicz Apoloniusz
Published: November 2014

29 species of Lactarius from various stands were tested for reaction with EP reagent. The results were positive for 22 species, i.e. the reagent turned blue or green.
Fungi occurring on honey-dew of deciduous trees and shrubs
Authors: Kurancowa Zofia
Published: November 2014

Rasults of three-year's studies (1971-1973) on fungi occurring on honey-dew of deciduous trees and shrubs have been presented in this paper. Tripospermum pinophilum (Neger) Borowska has been found on their honey-dew for the first time.
Flora of macromycetes of the Świętokrzyski National Park
Authors: Lisiewska Maria
Published: November 2014

The author lists 364 taxons of fungi found in the Świetokrzyski National Park (S-E Poland) mostly in the years 1964-1968.
Botryotrichum indicum A. Subrahm. sp.nov.
Authors: Subrahmanyam A.
Published: November 2014

Morphological characters of Botryotrichum indicum are presented.
Interinstitutional Whole Slide Imaging Teleconsultation Service Development: Assessment Using Internal Training and Clinical Consultation Cases
Authors: Jones Nicholas C. , Nazarian Rosalynn M. , Duncan Lyn M. , Kamionek Michal , Lauwers Gregory Y. , Tambouret Rosemary H. , Wu Chin-Lee , Nielsen G. Petur , Brachtel Elena F. , Mark Eugene J. , Sadow Peter M. , Grabbe John P. , Wilbur David C.
Published: November 2014

Context

Assessment of accuracy and feasibility of whole slide imaging (WSI) for interinstitutional consultation in surgical pathology.

Objectives

To train technical and pathologist staff in WSI technology, establish and evaluate a WSI workflow using training cases and second-opinion consultations, and assess diagnostic accuracy.

Design

First, WSI training and evaluation using selected subspecialty service cases were performed and compared with the clinical glass slide (GS) diagnosis. Second, WSI and GS diagnoses of consecutive, second-opinion consultation cases were compared. Discrepancies underwent adjudication to determine a reference diagnosis. Participant observations on WSI initiation to practice were gathered.

Results

There were 130 cases evaluated, with 123 correlations (94.6%) and 6 minor (4.6%) and 1 major (0.8%) discrepancies. The 74 consultation cases interpreted had 52 correlations (70.3%), and 18 minor (24.3%) and 4 major (5.4%) discrepancies. The WSI and GS adjusted major discrepancy rates in second-opinion consultations were 2.7% (2 of 74) and 4.1% (3 of 74), respectively. Statistical analysis showed that WSI was not inferior to GS interpretation. Pathologists agreed the software was easy to use and the images were adequate, but more time was spent rendering WSI interpretations.

Conclusions

A significant learning curve was observed in the transition from the training set to clinical consultation cases associated both with WSI interpretation and adjustments to the digital analogs of routine GS workflow. Results from second-opinion consultations indicated that WSI interpretation was as accurate as GS interpretation among properly trained and experienced users. Overall, WSI-based practice appears feasible for second-opinion consultations.
Managing Energy Helps Optimize a Distribution System
Authors: Martin Barb , Ries Tom
Published: November 2014

The energy costs associated with operating water distribution systems can be significant. Optimized distribution systems adopt systematic approaches to energy management to ensure utility operations' sustainability and maintain good environmental stewardship. A utility's energy management practices can affect other areas of distribution system operation and management as well as a system's overall optimization status.
Syndicalisme et travail atypique : l’évolution des prises de position des grandes centrales québécoises1
Authors: Noiseux Yanick
Published: November 2014

En parcourant l’historique des revendications, des orientations et des prises de position des grandes centrales québécoises au cours des trente dernières années, force est de constater que celles-ci se sont d’abord cantonnées dans une position défensive visant à contrer la progression du travail atypique. Longtemps à la remorque d’autres organisations de la société civile lorsqu’il s’est agi de défendre aussi les intérêts des travailleurs s’exerçant sur les marchés périphériques du travail, les centrales ont lentement pris acte des transformations fondamentales des marchés du travail et de l’obligation d’agir « malgré et avec » les changements. Au tournant du millénaire, les centrales se sont progressivement tournées vers des stratégies plus variées cherchant à prendre en compte les besoins différenciés des travailleurs atypiques. Plutôt que de simplement combattre la prolifération de l’emploi atypique, les centrales syndicales insistent désormais sur l’amélioration des situations dans lesquelles se retrouvent ces travailleurs. Le principe général d’égalité de traitement affirmant qu’à travail égal il faut un salaire égal sera progressivement reformulé de manière à répondre aux nouvelles formes que prend l’emploi. Des efforts significatifs ont été faits afin de recruter de nouveaux membres parmi les travailleurs atypiques, notamment dans le secteur tertiaire privé où abonde l’emploi à temps partiel ainsi qu’auprès de travailleurs temporaires. Contrairement aux idées reçues, les centrales se sont aussi mobilisées afin d’organiser collectivement de nombreux groupes de travailleurs autonomes. Le fait que les grandes centrales syndicales du Québec se soient finalement prononcées pour l’interdiction totale des clauses de disparité de traitement en fonction du statut d’emploi constitue également une avancée importante. Cela dit, la persistance de ces clauses « orphelin » a un impact considérable sur la capacité du syndicalisme à affirmer sa raison d’être et apparaît aujourd’hui comme un enjeu majeur, notamment pour les nouvelles générations de travailleurs.