bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic Activity of 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone on Colon Cancer Cell WiDr
Authors: Ismiyati Nur , Rini Yuli Puspito , Wibowo Andi Eko , Susidarti Ratna Asmah
Published: January 2018

Colon cancer is one of the most common death-caused cancer. The high mortality rate indicates that chemotherapy has not overcome cancer disease. Strategies and development of colon cancer treatment should be pursued. Compound 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone is the 2ʹ,5ʹ-dihydroxychalcone derivative, of which the B ring was substituted with 2-pyridine ring. Chalcone and its derivatives have been reported to have several biological activities, such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiHIV, and as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The objectives of this research was to determine the cytotoxic activity on WiDr colon cancer cells of 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone. Cytotoxic activity was measured using MTT assay. Compound 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone inhibited WiDr cell growth with the IC50 of  16 µM. Morphology of WiDr cell showed that compound 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone inhibited cell growth in dose dependent.Keywords:  compound 1-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-pyridine-2-yl-propenone, WiDr colon cancer cell line, cytotoxic activity
Analysis of the Histopathology, TNF-α of Microglia Cells Expression, NRG-1/erbB Oligodendrocyte, and Ki67/Apoptosis of Dentate Gyrus Rattus novergicus Brain After Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Riawan Wibi , Alfiantya Putri Fitri , Adianingsih Oktavia Rahayu , Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen , Jazmi Alif Fariz , Hemas N. Sitti Ayu
Published: January 2018

Head trauma or traumatic brain injury (TBI) gives most serious impact on the central nervous system. Several experimental models have been established to mimic different pathogenesis characteristics of TBI. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is evidence of hystopathological lesions in the brain tissue after Marmorou TBI models. This study uses Rattus norvegicus Sprague Dawley strain. Macroscopic and microscopic observations on the brain tissue were done. Macroscopic lesions were observed in the brain. Microscopic observation was performed with Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry on the distribution of microglia cells and pyramidal cells in the cortex. Meanwhile, the distribution of NRG-1/ErbB, proliferation, and apoptosis were observed in the hippocampus. The results of macroscopic observation showed that there were wounds caused by falling loads and vasodilatation. On microscopic observation, the TBI group showed an increase in neutrophils distribution and distribution of activated microglia to produce TNF-α, and decrease in the number of cortical pyramidal cells significantly. The distribution of NRG-1 tended to decrease after exposure of TBI and had no effect on its receptor, erbB. Exposure of TBI appears to lower the activity of neuronal cells proliferation in dentate gyrus (DG) area and significantly increase the number of apoptotic cells. Marmarou model is a physiological model of TBI that spontaneously occurs following a trauma to the head, for example trauma due to an accident. This data can be used as a preliminary data of inflammation and tissue regeneration of disrupted adult brain. Therefore, this research could be used as the basis in the studies of therapeutic agents in the process of neurogenesis of brain cells.Keywords: traumatic brain injury, ERG-1/ErbB, dentate gyrus, Ki67, TNF-a, microglia
Molecular Therapeutic Potency of Metformin by Targeting p53-Related Molecules in Mutant p53 Colon Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Budiani Dyah R. , Mahanani Melani R. , Wibowo Yohanes C. , Probandari Ari , Prasetyo Diding H. , Mudigdo Ambar
Published: January 2018

Colon cancer is a malignancy in gastrointestinal tract. It causes high mortality rate in global cancer population. However, chemotherapy as its first option therapy is still controversial due to its effectiveness and its adverse effects. Finding supportive and alternative drugs to cure cancer is one of focus in cancer research. A drug which also has anticancer effects is metformin. Metformin is a biguanide antidiabetic which show its potential anticancer benefit in metabolic-related cancers including colon cancer. To investigate anticancer potency of metformin in targeting p53-related molecules. Metformin treatment were divided into 4 groups by 0, 5, 10 and 20 mM concentrations and incubated in 37o C and 5 % CO2 condition for 48 hours. Immunohistochemistry were conducted to asses level of expression of Bax, p21, cyclin D1 and E2F1, respectively. Level of expression were measured by H-SCORE using percentage and intensity calculation. Comparisons of H-SCORE between groups were performed by ANOVA for parametrical data and Kruskal-Wallis for non-parametrical data. Growth inhibition were observed after metformin treatment. Metformin increases Bax expression significantly at all concentrations. p21 expression was also increased after metformin treatment but is not statistically significant. Subsequently, metformin decreases cyclin D1 expression at 10 and 20 mM concentration thus decreased E2F1 expression at 5 and 10 mM concentration. These data suggest that metformin may have potential therapeutic effects in mutant p53 colon cancer cell line by targeting p53-related molecules.Keywords: Colon cancer; p53; Biguanide; Metformin; p53-mutant cell line
Effect of Goat Milk Yogurt for Prevention Hypercholesterolamic in Animal Model Rat (Rattus norvegius) Based on the Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (INOS) and a description of Liver Histopathology
Authors: Mahdi Chanif , Hariyanto Sukarno , Pandaga Masdiana C.
Published: January 2018

The pattern of high consumption of fat can lead to hypercholesterolemia were accompanied by increased levels of LDL which resulted in LDL oxidation, accompanied by an inflammatory reaction that can lead to liver tissue damage resulting in increased expression of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (INOS) and changes in liver histopathology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of goat milk yogurt supplementation on the expression of INOS and liver histopathology picture. This study used 20 male rats, Wistar strain aged 10-12 weeks, weighing 150-200g. Giving goat milk yogurt for 42 days with a dose of 300mg/kg, 600mg/kg, and 900mg/kg and giving dietary hypercholesterolemia by administering poached quail egg yolk, lard, and cholic acid by the stomach sonde for 14 days. Parameters measured were the expression of INOS and liver histopathology picture. The analysis used in this study is the One Way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test 5%. The results showed that administration of goat milk yogurt as a precaution hypercholesterolemia at a dose of 300mg/kg, 600mg/kg and 900mg/kg give a highly significant effect (p <0.01) on the expression of INOS (p <0.01).The overall Result of each treatment were 0.47 ±0.03; 6.72 ± 0.11; 2.40 ±0.16;1.11 ±0.07and 0.66 ±0.19  Prevention with a dose of 900 mg/kg body weight is the most effective dose inhibits the expression of INOS.  Prevention with a dose of 900 mg/kg showed that the histopathological picture of approaching normal circumstances. The conclusion of the study is the provision of goat milk yogurt as a preventive action with a dose of 900 mg/kg of the most effective to inhibit the expression of INOS and maintain normal liver histology in rats given diets hypercholesterolemia.Keywords: Hypercholesterolemia, Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (INOS), goat's milk yogurt, liver histopathology
Jure Leaf Extract (Nerium indium Mill.) Increased 5-Fluorouracil Sensitivity through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation and Transporter Protein in WiDr Colon Cancer Cell
Authors: Sholihah Imroatus , S. Meirizky Zulharini , Miranda Amalia , Riswansyah Refki , Jenie Riris Istighfari
Published: January 2018

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first line chemotherapeutic agents for colon cancer therapy. Long term used of 5-FU caused cancer cell resistency. Thus, co-chemoteraputics agent should be developed to increase cells sensitivty towards 5-FU. Jure leaf  (Nerium indicum Mill) extract (JLE) contains oleandrin which has cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cell. The ain of this study was to investigated the mechanism of JLE to sensitized colon cancer cell toward 5-FU through NF-κB inhibition and MRP protein repression. JLE was extracted by soxhletation method. Based on molecular docking to MRP protein, docking score of oleandrin (-50,496)  was higher than native ligand ATP (-125,817). Oleandrin could interfere interaction with MRP. JLE increased 5-FU sensitivity a dose of 2 µg/mL JLE dan 12,5 µM 5-FU with the combination index (CI) of  0,594. Combination of JLE and 5-FU also inhibit p65 protein expression on WiDr cell.Keywords: cytotoxic, Nerium indicum Mill., oleandrin, immunofluorescence, molecular docking
Immunostimulant Effect of Garlic Chives Leaf Ethanolic Extract (Allium tuberosum) by Increasing Level of Antioxidant at Rats Doxorubicin-Induced Rats
Authors: Sutejo Ika Rahmawati , Ariesaka Kiky Martha , Prasetyo Fuad Adi , Taufiqurrqhman Mudzakkir , Insani Ain Yuanita , Ariansari Brilliant Givya
Published: January 2018

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, approximately 14 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths each year. Doxorubicin is a well-known chemotherapy drug which frequently used in treating various types of cancer. However,  doxorubicin posesses several side effects including cardiotoxic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and immunosuppression. One of the natural product that can be used as an adjuvant of doxorubicin to reduce the toxic effects is garlic chives (Allium tuberosum). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Allium tuberosum based on hematological profile, levels of CD4+, CD8+, and MDA serum of male Wistar rats which induced by doxorubicin. The hematological profile was analyzes by blood smear, levels of CD4+ and CD8+ were conducted by flowcytometry and levels of MDA serum were determined by spectrofotometry. The results showed that the etanolic extract of Allium tuberosum (EAT) increased neutrophil and lymphocyte, percentage of CD4+ cells (p<0.01) and CD8+ cells. It also decreased the levels of serum MDA (p<0.01). These results indicated that EAT work as immunostimulant possibly through an antioxidant mechanism (MDA). It can be concluded that EAT can be developed as adjuvant for doxorubicin.Keywords: doxorubicin, Allium tuberosum, immunostimulant, antioxidant, CD4+, CD8+
SPF Test from Baccaurea lanceolata Muell.Arg Fruit Isolates
Authors: Hadi Samsul , Wahyuono Subagus , Yuswanto Ag. , Lukitaningsih Endang
Published: January 2018

Not many researches on a fruit of limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata Muell. Arg ) were found, while the use by tribal hamlets in Kalimantan already became a daily routine before they went into the field with the way made powder and smeared on the face. Therefore, the research on active substances needs to be done. For this study, we prepared two isolates which coded as K2 and CE, K2 from qualitative test negative isolates phenolic groups was identified by spray FeCl3, whereas qualitative test positive isolates were coded as CE and detected by a nitrogen-containing reagents dragendorf spray. The K2 isolate from SPF test resulted an SPF value of 3.2 at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, while CE isolate was given a value of SPF 5.0 at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml. According to sensitivity skin test on rabbit skin, both K2 and CE isolated were given the value below 1, indicated the isolates were found to not irritate. This study proposes the potential from Baccaurea lanceolata Muell.Arg fruit isolates to be developed as a sunscreen for UV-protection.Keywords : Baccaurea lanceolata Muell.Arg, SPF test, sensitivity skin test
Introduction
Authors: Kasper Tomáš , Rýdl Karel , Hoffmann-Ocon Andreas
Published: January 2018

The monothematic issue of Pedagogika, Historical Reflection of Education and Its Significance in (Not Only) Teacher Education, tackles several questions and problematic areas at a time.
More than an Antidote Against Amnesia... Some historiographical, theoretical, and methodological refl ections on the history of education
Authors: Depaepe Marc
Published: January 2018

Abstract: As the title suggests, this article is a theoretical and methodological one, which looks mainly at the conceptualization of the history of education as a fi eld of research. In doing so, it is also partly historiographical, as it deals with the history of pedagogical historiography, concentrating on the way in which the history of education was written and conceptualized in former times. Th e general idea is that the discipline has shifted over the years from an “over-educationalized” point of view towards a more historical one – a paradigm shift that has been labelled, moreover, as a “new cultural history of education”. On the basis of earlier studies, some implications of this evolution are discussed further in this paper: the relevance of the discipline, the development of appropriate conceptual tools, and the use of sources for the history of education. Keywords: pedagogical historiography, theory and methodology of history of education, relevance, conceptual tools, sources.
Disciplinary changes in science education in Hungary in the era of the Stalinist dictatorship
Authors: Garai Imre , Németh András
Published: January 2018

Abstract: In our paper we intend to summarize the main results of our research about the structural and disciplinary changes in Hungarian higher education in the early part of the 1950s. In the first part of our paper we point out the basic elements of the theoretical background to the research. Stichweh’s notion of disciplines, Bourdieu’s theory of ‘scientific fields’, and Voegelin’s concept of ‘political religion’ made it possible to describe and analyze the complex phenomena involved in the socialist transformation of Hungarian higher education. Then, in the second part of the paper, we analyze the main data gained from archival research into the structural changes in higher education institutions by using the theoretical notions mentioned above. As a result of our research, we are able to determine some peculiarities of the socialist higher education policy and socialist educational discipline.Keywords: socialist notion of discipline, scientific field, Sovietization of higher education, Soviet influence in Central-Eastern Europe
Geschichte der Pädagogik im Curriculum der Lehrerausbildung für Grund- und Bürgerschulen (tschechisch-deutscher Vergleich: 1918–1939) – eine wissenschaftliche Disziplin im Dienste des Volkes, des Fortschrittes und der Sozialreform)
Authors: Kasper Tomáš
Published: January 2018

Abstract: The article focuses on the analysis of course books concerning the history of pedagogy used in the interwar period at the Czech and German Teachers’ Institutions. Based on the analysis, there is pointed out the role of the subject concerning the history of pedagogy in the given period in the framework of the teachers’ training. The analysis is set into the wider context of the development concerning pedagogical thinking and its reflection in the Czech and German pedagogical debate at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in the Czech lands of the monarchy and the fi rst half of the 20th century in the interwar Czechoslovakia. The analysis not only points to a different grasp of the historical reflection of pedagogical thinking in both national and cultural camps, but also points to common features in the development of the discipline. These are mainly shown in its functional character, when the history of pedagogy was a discipline supporting the national emancipation of both nations, and they were part of a wider debate concerning reform of the society.Keywords: history of education, teachers’ institutes, course books, teachers’ training, Czechoslovakia, Czech Lands and the Habsburg Monarchy.
Some Durability Aspects of Ambient Cured Bottom Ash Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Saravanakumar R. , Revathi V.
Published: January 2018

The present study examines some durability aspects of ambient cured bottom ash geopolymer concrete (BA GPC) due to accelerated corrosion, sorptivity, and water absorption. The bottom ash geopolymer concrete was prepared with sodium based alkaline activators under ambient curing temperatures. The sodium hydroxide used concentration was 8M. The performance of BA GPC was compared with conventional concrete. The test results indicate that BA GPC developes a strong passive layer against chloride ion diffusion and provides better protection against corrosion. Both the initial and final rates of water absorption of BA GPC were about two times less than those of conventional concrete. The BA GPC significantly enhanced performance over equivalent grade conventional concrete (CC).
Study of Permeability of Glass-Sand Soil
Authors: Wang F. C. , Feng X. N. , Gong H. , Zhao H. Y.
Published: January 2018

The drainage consolidation method has been efficiently used to deal with soft ground improvement. Nowadays, it has been suggested to use a new sand soil which is a composite of sand and recycled glass waste. The permeability performance of glass-sand soil was explored to judge the feasibility of glass-sand soil backfilled in the drainage consolidation of sand-drained ground. For comparison purposes, different mix proportions of recycled glass waste, fineness modulus, and glass particle size were analyzed to certify the impact on the permeability coefficient and the degree of consolidation. The numerical results show that adding a proper amount of recycled glass waste could promote the permeability performance of glass-sand soil, and the glasssand soil drain could be consolidated more quickly than a sand drain. Experiments showed that glass-sand soil with the a 20% mix of recycled glass waste reveals the optimum performance of permeability.
Exploring complex and big data
Authors: Stefanowski Jerzy , Krawiec Krzysztof , Wrembel Robert
Published: January 2018

This paper shows how big data analysis opens a range of research and technological problems and calls for new approaches. We start with defining the essential properties of big data and discussing the main types of data involved. We then survey the dedicated solutions for storing and processing big data, including a data lake, virtual integration, and a polystore architecture. Difficulties in managing data quality and provenance are also highlighted. The characteristics of big data imply also specific requirements and challenges for data mining algorithms, which we address as well. The links with related areas, including data streams and deep learning, are discussed. The common theme that naturally emerges from this characterization is complexity. All in all, we consider it to be the truly defining feature of big data (posing particular research and technological challenges), which ultimately seems to be of greater importance than the sheer data volume.
Actuator failure compensation for two linked 2WD mobile robots based on multiple-model control
Authors: Ma Yajie , Cocquempot Vincent , El Badaoui El Najjar Maan , Jiang Bin
Published: January 2018

This paper develops a new actuator failure compensation scheme for two linked two-wheel drive (2WD) mobile robots based on multiple-model control. First, a configuration of two linked 2WD robots is described, and their kinematics and dynamics are modeled. Then, a multiple-model based failure compensation scheme is developed to compensate for actuator failures, consisting of a kinematic controller, multiple dynamic controllers and a control switching mechanism, which ensures system stability and asymptotic tracking properties. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed failure compensation control system.
Can Naturbanization Promote Environmentally Friendly Built-Up Areas? A Comparison Between Cadí-Moixeró (Catalonia, Spain) and Comana (Romania) Natural Parks
Authors: Tulla Antoni-Francesc , Stoica Ilinca-Valentina , Pallarès-Blanch Marta , Zamfir Daniela
Published: January 2018

The study compares the on-going naturbanization processes in and around two Natural Parks under the impact of newcomers, but also tourists from Barcelona and Bucharest and their metropolitan areas. The landscape value of these areas attracts the urban population, which contributes to local sustainable development process but also promotes construction. New businesses associated with rural multifunctionality and value-added activities related to environmental quality were identified. New residents have contributed introducing responsible patterns of consumer, ecoentrepreneurship by women, recovery of abandoned buildings and intensification of rural-urban relationships. Negative impacts such as intensive construction of second homes, with a lower use, in some areas around Cadí-Moixeró threaten biodiversity and habitat connectivity. Insufficient integration of environmental policies, particularly in the Comana wetlands, reduces the potential for rural renewal. Research methods included a review of the counterurbanization literature and the statistical data related to processes of naturbanization in both areas, along with the conduct of 30 structured interviews with key local actors in each area. Naturbanization still offers the potential to enhance local development; however, it is urgent to assess social perspectives in natural parks management in order to achieve environmentally friendly built-up areas.
Rural Tourism – Evaluating the Quality of Destination
Authors: Ryglová Kateřina , Rašovská Ida , Šácha Jakub
Published: January 2018

This paper concerns the topic of rural destination quality from the viewpoint of tourism development. The research exploring crucial quality factors from the viewpoint of demand is presented. Rural tourism participants attribute the highest significance to Destination cleanliness and Sense of security. The evaluation of the importance of most research quality factors is not dependent on gender and on the contrary, the importance of 16 quality factors depends on the visitor´s age. In the case of the factor of “Friendly acceptance by the locals”, the most significant influence on the visitor´s return to the destination was confirmed. On the contrary, this impact was not proven for the factor of “Level of prices of services and goods in the destination”. The research and the successive factor analysis revealed 6 dimensions representing the rural destination quality: Services, Image, Transportation, Well-being, Information/Communication and Attractions/ Experiences; Well-being was identified as the most important. This was consecutively confirmed by the analysis of the quality factors’ impact on the visitor´s overall satisfaction and loyalty to the destination. The research findings provide the theory with topical destination quality dimensions as well as contribute to better understanding of visitor´s behavioural mechanisms in rural areas.
Assessing the Regionality Degree of Regional Products o The Ustí Region (Czechia)
Authors: Hruška Vladan , Broumová Lucie , Píša Jan
Published: January 2018

In Czechia, especially in the last decade, there has been an unusual expansion of regional labelling of products, experience, and services. This trend confirms the paradigmatic change in the approach to rural development, as well as the growing popularity of alternative food networks and forms of consumption. The boom of regional labelling, however, can threaten the future perspectives of regional products. Too many regional or supra-regional labels (and subsequently too many regional products) can reduce the presented uniqueness of these products and increase the danger of them becoming mainstream. The aim of this paper is to assess regional products' relational intensity to a particular region. For this purpose, a specific method for the assessment of regional products of the Ústí Region (Czechia) has been developed and applied. The resulting “regionality degree” should express the rate of traditionality of each regional product. Based on the application of this methodological approach, the paper confirms the concern of the expansion of regional labelling, even on those products whose embeddedness in the region is relatively weak. The reason for this might also be the specific economic history of the region influencing the degree of regionality of given products or, more precisely, their existence, to some extent.
Assessment of the Environmental Tax System in Latvia
Authors: Jurušs Māris , Brizga Jānis
Published: January 2018

Environmental taxes should play an important part in environmental policy as they help to internalize externalities, reduce damage, and increase the quality of life; besides they allow raising revenue for national and local governments. The aim of this paper is to evaluate environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, equity impact, administrative feasibility and cost, and political acceptability of environmental (energy, transport, and natural-resource) taxes in Latvia. The study is based on desk research. The results demonstrate little evidence that existing environmental taxes lead to a significant reduction in environmental pollution and waste flows, but they have a significant fiscal effect. Most of the environmental taxes in Latvia apply direct and indirect subsidies, but most of the revenue comes from taxes on energy and transport. Environmental tax rates in Latvia are the result of political compromise and are not backed by the research on environmental costs of the particular activity. This paper fills the gap in environmental policy evaluation by looking at the performance and effectiveness of environmental taxes in Latvia.
Multi-Objective Weather Routing of Sailing Vessels
Authors: Życzkowski Marcin , Szłapczyński Rafał
Published: January 2018

The paper presents a multi-objective deterministic method of weather routing for sailing vessels. Depending on a particular purpose of sailboat weather routing, the presented method makes it possible to customize the criteria and constraints so as to fit a particular user’s needs. Apart from a typical shortest time criterion, safety and comfort can also be taken into account. Additionally, the method supports dynamic weather data: in its present version short-term, mid-term and long-term term weather forecasts are used during optimization process. In the paper the multi-objective optimization problem is first defined and analysed. Following this, the proposed method solving this problem is described in detail. The method has been implemented as an online SailAssistance application. Some representative examples solutions are presented, emphasizing the effects of applying different criteria or different values of customized parameters.
Assessment of Energy Use and Elimination of Co2 Emissions in the Life Cycle of an Offshore Wind Power Plant Farm
Authors: Tomporowski Andrzej , Flizikowski Józef , Opielak Marek , Kasner Robert , Kruszelnicka Weronika
Published: January 2018

Power stations in marine locations cause multi-faceted impact on the environment, man and the economy. There are not many studies devoted to modeling energy benefits for CO2 emissions. The paper presents the issues of assessing the efficiency of offshore wind farms, defined as the ratio of benefits to life cycle inputs. The scientific goal was to develop a mathematical model for efficiency in the design, manufacture, use and management of offshore wind power. The papers practical purpose is the experimental designation of the impact of selected post-use management methods, time of use and maritime location, i.e. average annual productivity of wind power plants on the efficiency of energy benefits from greenhouse gas emissions. The mathematical model of the integrated cost-benefit ratio has been developed for energy use assessment, taking into account the benefits generated by electricity production and the life-cycle CO2 emissions based on the LCA analysis using the CML method. Mathematical model validation was performed by determining the value of the indicator for an existing 2 MW offshore wind farm and comparatively for fossil fuel production: lignite, stone, fuel oil and natural gas. Analytical and research work carried out showed that the higher the efficiency index, the higher the value of the indicator. It has been shown that the location of the power station at sea produces more favorable CO2 elimination rates, due to higher productivity compared to in-land wind power plants. A more favorable form of post-consumer management for CO2 has been determined as recycling. It was found that for electricity generated from offshore wind farms, the value of the energy efficiency benefit from CO2 emissions is higher than for fossil fuel energy production.
Improvement of the Accuracy of the Orientation of an Object by Using a Pair of Rotating IMS
Authors: Kajánek Pavol , Kopáčik Alojz
Published: January 2018

Inertial measurement systems (IMS) belong among navigation systems which permit the monitoring of the position and orientation of an object in three-dimensional space. The functional principle of IMS is based on the integration of the output signal (acceleration and angular rate) of inertial sensors to the actual position and orientation of IMS. This integration causes the rapid accumulation of systematic IMS’s errors, which leads to a rapid increase in position and orientation errors over time. The paper deals with the design of a prototype for a pair of lowcost IMSs, which are regularly rotated around their vertical axis by stepper motors. To eliminate the systematic errors of gyroscopes in the direction of the rotation axis, two counter-rotating IMSs are used. An optimal model of the data processing was developed and presented.
Gender- and Muscle-Specific Responses During Fatiguing Exercise
Authors: Hill Ethan C. , Housh Terry J. , Smith Cory M. , Schmidt Richard J. , Johnson Glen O.
Published: January 2018

Hill, EC, Housh, TJ, Smith, CM, Schmidt, RJ, and Johnson, GO. Gender- and muscle-specific responses during fatiguing exercise. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1471–1478, 2018—The purpose of the present investigation was to examine potential gender-related differences in electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) responses during submaximal, concentric, isokinetic, forearm flexion muscle contractions. Twelve men and 12 women performed concentric peak torque trials before (pretest) and after (posttest) a fatiguing exercise bout that consisted of 50 submaximal (65% of concentric peak torque), concentric, isokinetic (60°·s−1), forearm flexion muscle contractions. Surface EMG and MMG signals were simultaneously recorded from the biceps brachii and brachioradialis muscles. There was a gender-related difference in the decline in absolute concentric peak torque for the men (23.8%) vs. women (18.5%) that was eliminated when covaried for differences in pretest concentric peak torque values. During the fatiguing exercise bout, EMG amplitude(AMP) increased and EMG mean power frequency (MPF) decreased for both genders and muscles. There were, however, muscle- and gender-specific increases, decreases, and no changes for MMG AMP and MMG MPF. The gender-related difference for the posttest decline in concentric peak torque was associated with differences in muscle strength which may have resulted in greater blood flow occlusion in the men than the women. The muscles with the most pronounced fatigue-induced neuromuscular responses were the biceps brachii in men and the brachioradialis in women. These findings may be related to gender differences in the usage patterns of synergistic muscles during a fatiguing task.
Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing Does Not Prevent the Decline in Maximal Strength After Fatiguing Exercise
Authors: Black Christopher D. , Schubert Daniel J. , Szczyglowski Marcin K. , Wren Joshua D.
Published: January 2018

Black, CD, Schubert, DJ, Szczyglowski, MK, and Wren, JD. Carbohydrate mouth rinsing does not prevent the decline in maximal strength after fatiguing exercise. J Strength Cond Res 32(9): 2466–2473, 2018—Carbohydrate (CHO) rinsing has been shown to attenuate the decline of maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) after fatiguing exercise—perhaps through a central mechanism. This study sought to determine the effect of a CHO rinse on MVC, voluntary activation, and contractile properties after fatiguing exercise. Thirteen adults participated in a double-blind, cross-over study. Maximal voluntary contraction of the dominant knee extensors was assessed, and voluntary activation (%VA) was determined using twitch interpolation. Participants then held 50% of MVC until volitional fatigue followed by a 20-second rinse with a solution of 8% maltodextrin (CHO) or placebo (PLA). Maximal voluntary contraction and %VA were reassessed immediately and 5 minutes after exercise. Maximal voluntary contraction did not differ between the CHO and PLA conditions initially (230 ± 90 vs. 232 ± 90 N·m; p = 0.69). Maximal voluntary contraction declined after exercise (p ≤ 0.01), but no differences were found between the CHO and PLA conditions (p ≥ 0.59). %VA did not differ between conditions (91.9 ± 2.9% vs. 91.5 ± 3.8%; p ≥ 0.11) nor did it change after exercise (p = 0.57). Twitch torque, rate of torque development, and rate of torque relaxation were reduced after exercise (p ≤ 0.05) but were unaffected by CHO rinsing (p > 0.05). Unlike a previous study, a CHO rinse did not preserve MVC after fatiguing exercise. This was likely due to a lack of central fatigue induced by the exercise protocol (as %VA was unaffected) as the CHO rinse is thought to work through a central mechanism.
An Experimental Study on Cement-Solidified Cd-Contaminated Soils under Drying-Wetting Cycles
Authors: Liu Huikai , Lu Haijun , Zhang Xiong , Li Jixiang , Wang Weiwei
Published: January 2018

Many human activities can produce and release cadmium (Cd) to air, water, and soils. Soils are the major sink for Cd released into the environment. Unlike organic contaminants, which are oxidized to carbon (IV) oxide by microbial action, Cd does not undergo microbial or chemical degradation, and its total concentration in soils persists for a long time after introduction. The excessive presence of Cd in soil poses great risks and hazards to human health and is detrimental to the ecosystem. In the past 50 years, cement-based solidification/stabilization (S/S) of heavy metal–contaminated soil has received increasing research attention, and its application has expanded because of its advantages over many other existing methods such as relatively low cost, good long-term effectiveness and performance, ready commercial availability, general acceptance by the public, etc. However, considering the lasting effect and environmental impact of the S/S method, as well as the complicated surroundings of cement-solidified Cd-contaminated soils, further research is needed. In this study, a comprehensive series of tests such as low-temperature nitrogen gas adsorption/desorption, permeability, and Cd leaching were performed to investigate the performance of Cd-contaminated soils solidified with 2 %, 5 %, 8 %, and 10 % of cement during a various number of drying-wetting (D-W) cycles. The focus was put on the cracking occurrences and evolution with the number of D-W cycles, their influences on the pore/crack size and distribution, hydraulic conductivity, and final concentration of Cd leaching. Based upon the analyses of the test results, some conclusions are drawn and the optimum percentage of cement treatment was suggested for the soils under investigation.
Single Bursts of Individual Granule Cells Functionally Rearrange Feedforward Inhibition
Authors: Neubrandt Máté , Oláh Viktor János , Brunner János , Marosi Endre Levente , Soltesz Ivan , Szabadics János
Published: January 2018

The sparse single-spike activity of dentate gyrus granule cells (DG GCs) is punctuated by occasional brief bursts of 3–7 action potentials. It is well-known that such presynaptic bursts in individual mossy fibers (MFs; axons of granule cells) are often able to discharge postsynaptic CA3 pyramidal cells due to powerful short-term facilitation. However, what happens in the CA3 network after the passage of a brief MF burst, before the arrival of the next burst or solitary spike, is not understood. Because MFs innervate significantly more CA3 interneurons than pyramidal cells, we focused on unitary MF responses in identified interneurons in the seconds-long postburst period, using paired recordings in rat hippocampal slices. Single bursts as short as 5 spikes in <30 ms in individual presynaptic MFs caused a sustained, large increase (tripling) in the amplitude of the unitary MF-EPSCs for several seconds in ivy, axo-axonic/chandelier and basket interneurons. The postburst unitary MF-EPSCs in these feedforward interneurons reached amplitudes that were even larger than the MF-EPSCs during the bursts in the same cells. In contrast, no comparable postburst enhancement of MF-EPSCs could be observed in pyramidal cells or nonfeedforward interneurons. The robust postburst increase in MF-EPSCs in feedforward interneurons was associated with significant shortening of the unitary synaptic delay and large downstream increases in disynaptic IPSCs in pyramidal cells. These results reveal a new cell type-specific plasticity that enables even solitary brief bursts in single GCs to powerfully enhance inhibition at the DG-CA3 interface in the seconds-long time-scales of interburst intervals.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe hippocampal formation is a brain region that plays key roles in spatial navigation and learning and memory. The first stage of information processing occurs in the dentate gyrus, where principal cells are remarkably quiet, discharging low-frequency single action potentials interspersed with occasional brief bursts of spikes. Such bursts, in particular, have attracted a lot of attention because they appear to be critical for efficient coding, storage, and recall of information. We show that single bursts of a few spikes in individual granule cells result in seconds-long potentiation of excitatory inputs to downstream interneurons. Thus, while it has been known that bursts powerfully discharge (“detonate”) hippocampal excitatory cells, this study clarifies that they also regulate inhibition during the interburst intervals.
Fomento audiovisual y organizaciones sociales en el noroeste argentino / Audiovisual promotion policies and social organizations in Northwestern Argentina
Authors: Picco Ernesto
Published: January 2018

Este artículo analiza la incidencia de las políticas de fomento al sector audiovisual en el noroeste argentino. Se sitúa en la escala subnacional y compara en seis provincias el modo en que organizaciones sociales y productoras independientes aprovecharon las políticas públicas enmarcadas en la Ley de Servicios de Comunicación Audiovisual entre 2009 y 2015. Se abordan los casos de Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta, Jujuy, Catamarca y La Rioja. A partir del cruzamiento de datos de organismos oficiales y las memorias de las audiencias de la Defensoría del Público, se muestra cómo se avanzó en el fortalecimiento de medios sin fines de lucro, la producción para radio y televisión de contenidos documentales y de ficción. Y también el modo desigual en que estas políticas impactaron en el territorio.
Historias de vida de comunicadores populares: búsquedas constantes de vida y de formación en liderazgo / Life stories of popular communicators: constant searches for life and training in leadership
Authors: Cifuentes Andrade Andrés Enrique
Published: January 2018

Las historias de vida son una intensa y elaborada indagación de experiencias humanas individuales y colectivas. Son la interioridad de una persona expresada y vivida a través de mediaciones sicológicas, sociales y políticas, que a través de la vida de este encontrar el sentir vital y la mirada profunda de una comunidad en todo su entorno. Al interpretar los relatos de cuatro historias de vida de comunicadores colombianos para el cambio social, se identifican que el liderazgo es un aspecto en el cual no se ha trabajado de manera constante y clara en sus saberes y quehaceres comunicativos. De esa manera se muestran los hallazgos parciales y las relaciones encontradas  entre el liderazgo-comunicación.
Participación política y periodismo: análisis de la cobertura de Televisión Española de la segunda asamblea ciudadana de Podemos / Political participation and journalism: analysis of the TVE coverage of the Podemos second citizens assembly
Authors: Bañon Castellón Lola
Published: January 2018

ResumenEl incremento de la participación en la vida de los partidos políticos se ha mostrado como un ideal en los últimos años de la democracia española. Podemos, una de las formaciones de la llamada nueva política ha utilizado el voto telemático para establecer interconexión con sus inscritos y decidir sus estructuras organizativas y sus documentos políticos. A pesar de la ampliación de posibilidades de participación en las decisiones internas, la definición de visibilidades mediáticas se circunscribe al tándem Iglesias-Errejón y el debate interior encuentra límites en su representación externa. Este estudio trata de analizar los discursos derivados de la cobertura de Televisión Española del congreso de Vista Alegre para valorar la ausencia de la narración de la propuesta política y la conversión de la información en un relato basado en la confrontación y la épica. AbstractThe participation’s increase in the political parties has been shown as an ideal in the last years of Spanish democracy. Podemos, one of the so-called new policy groups has used the telematic vote to establish interconnection with its members and decide their organizational structures and political documents. Despite the expansion of possibilities for participation in internal decisions, the definition of media visibilities is confined to the Iglesias-Errejón tandem and the internal debate finds limits in its external representation. This study tries to analyze the discourses derived from the Televisión Española coverage of the congress of Vistalegre in order to evaluate the absence of the narration of the political proposal and the conversion of the information in a discourse based on the confrontation and the epic.
Effect of Hydrolyzed Fucoidan from The Brown Seaweed Sargassum Binderi Sonder Towards Human Breast Cancer T47d Cell Lines
Authors: Sinurat Ellya , Saepudin Endang , Qosthalani Fildzah Alfita
Published: January 2018

Fucoidan, a sulfated heteropolysaccharide, consists of L-fucose and sulfate ester groups as the main component. Over the past three decades, fucoidan structures and bioactivities have been widely studied. The chemical components (fucose, galactose, small monosaccharides and also the sulfate) and the molecular weights of fucoidans from different brown seaweed species produce different characteristics and structures of fucoidan. The activity of fucoidan against cancer cells has been reported to be affected strongly by their sulfate content and molecular weight. Low-molecular-weight fucoidans tend to have higher solubility and easily penetrate into cancer cells. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrolyzed of fucoidan on its anti cancer activity againts the breast cancer T47D cells. In this study, the fucoidan from the brown seaweed Sargassum binderi Sonder was extracted using 0.1 N HCl and was depolymerized by acid hydrolysis at various times and concentrations. Result showed that fucoidan hydrolyzed with 1 M trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) for 1.5 hours reached the maximum depolymerization process and resulted in the decrement of molecular weight from 785.12 kDa to 5.79 kDa as well as sulfate content from 18.63% to 8.69%. The IC50 values of  fucoidan and low molecular weight fucoidan against the breast cancer T47D cells were 60.03 mg/mL and 182.34 mg/ respectively. This result indicated that the sulfate content of fucoidan probably affected its anticancer bioactivities.
РОЗШИРЕННЯ СИРОВИННОЇ БАЗИ У ВИРОБНИЦТВІ КОМБІКОРМІВ ДЛЯ ЯЄЧНИХ КУРЕЙ
Authors: ЛАКІЗА О. В.
Published: January 2018

У статті розглянуто сучасні напрями розширення сировинної бази у виробництві комбікормів для яєчних курей. Однією з найважливіших умов сучасного виробництва високоякісних комбікормів, білкових концентратів і преміксів є пошук і  використання нової сировини  рослинного і тваринного походження . При цьому питома вага зернових у цих продуктах складає не більше 50%, а в рецептах комбікормової галузі провідних країн 20-30%. Сучасні технології забезпечують застосування будь-якого кормового засобу, як важливої сировини для комбікормової промисловості, одержаної з відходів і побічних продуктів  харчових виробництв, яким властиві високі кормові якості за невисокої вартості.  Вітчизняні виробники комбікормів зараз змушені вирішувати проблему оптимізації використання злакових культур, зокрема, знизити вміст хлібних злаків в рецептурі комбікормів і вміст наповнювачів у рецептурі преміксів. Гостро стоїть проблема розширення асортименту кормової бази у виробництві комбікормів, преміксів, застосування більш дешевої кормової сировини з метою зниження собівартості готової продукції. Для рентабельного вирощування яєчних курей необхідні якісні корми, підібрані для кожного виду з урахуванням віку і фізіологічного стану птиці [1]. За останні роки виробництво яєць в Україні трималося на рівні 19 млрд шт. на рік, але починаючи з 2015 р. спостерігаємо суттєвий спад. Подібний спад виробництва пов’язаний із зменшенням поголів’я яєчних курей. Якщо розглядати виробництво яєць в розрізі категорій підприємств, можна констатувати, що в господарствах населення обсяг виробництва останніми роками також знижується, проте загалом темпи зменшення виробництва значно повільніші і менші, ніж у сільськогосподарських підприємств [2].  З метою розширення сировинної бази комбікормового виробництва і забезпечення необхідного рівня продуктивності яєчних курей, запропоновано введення концентрату кукурудзяно-фосфатидного кормового ( ККФК) в комбікорми. Особливості рецептури комбікормів досліджували на контрольних і дослідних рецептах. Розроблено рецептуру комбікормів із застосуванням ККФК для збалансованого раціону годівлі курей, встановлено збільшення рівня обмінної енергії, поживності комбікорму та його економічність.
ЕНЕРГОЄМНІСТЬ ЯК ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ОЧИЩЕННЯ ЗЕРНА
Authors: КАРПОВА О. П.
Published: January 2018

Раціональне використання електроенергії на зернопунктах, оснащених енергоємним технологічним обладнанням, особливо актуально тепер, коли прийнята Національна енергетична програма України з енергозбереження. Відомо, що 1 одиниця зекономленої електроенергії може зекономити не менш 5 одиниць первинних енергоресурсів.  У даній роботі розглянута енергоємність як енергетична характеристика технологічного процесу очищення зерна, тому що вона є найбільш інформативним показником для визначення енергозберігаючих режимів роботи. Для визначення впливу режимів роботи обладнання на використання електроенергії в робочих процесах очищення зерна базових зерноочисних агрегатів були визначені найбільш суттєві фактори, які впливають на енергоємність процесу очищення зерна. При дослідженні впливу технологічних факторів на енергоємність технологічних процесів очищення зерна було проведено багатофакторний експеримент. Це дозволило оцінити вплив того або іншого фактора на енергоємність процесу очищення зерна.  Досліджувався процес очищення насіннєвого та продовольчого зерна на агрегатах ЗАВ-20, ЗАР-5, які є базовими зерноочисними агрегатами, на основі яких розроблені інші агрегати, які випускає промисловість. В результаті розрахунків отримані рівняння регресії для визначення питомих витрат електроенергії в залежності від технологічних факторів. Натурні експерименти підтвердили адекватність математичних моделей у вигляді рівнянь регресії і ефективність використаного методу багатофакторного експерименту. Результати теоретичних і експериментальних досліджень енергоємності технологічних процесів очищення зерна відрізняються в середньому не більше ніж на ±2 %. Вони показали можливість обґрунтування та розробки науково-обґрунтованих норм електроспоживання на зернопунктах, тому що найбільш діючим важелем проведення енергозберігаючої політики, регульованої законодавством, є встановлення нормативів витрати електроенергії і стандартів енергоефективності, недотримання яких спричиняє, найчастіше, фінансову відповідальність.