bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seasonal effects of edge and habitat complexity on eelgrass epifaunal assemblages
Authors: Pierrejean M , Cusson M , Rossi F
Published: August 2023

Habitat degradation and fragmentation reduce habitat structural complexity (e.g. amount of physical features) and increase habitat edges. While many studies have focused on the effects of habitat edges or complexity on biodiversity, relatively few have disentangled them or investigated their effects over time. We investigated how proximity to the edge of eelgrassZosterasubg.Zostera marinaLinnaeus, 1753 habitat, shoot density and their interactions across seasons can influence the diversity pattern of epifaunal assemblages in meadows situated in a Mediterranean lagoon (France). We used a combination of field sampling andin situmanipulations with artificial seagrass units (ASUs) mimicking low and high shoot densities. During autumn and spring, we found that shoot density, Z. marina biomass and leaf area index (LAI) were higher inside the meadows than at the edge, while epiphyte load was the highest in spring at the edges. Epifaunal abundance and diversity were higher at the edge than inside the meadow for both natural shoots—regardless of the epiphyte load—and ASUs in spring. In autumn, epifaunal abundance varied positively with ASU density, regardless of the position in the meadow. Our results also showed that edges and habitat complexity affect the epifaunal structure differently across seasons. Therefore, we suggest that recruitment of macrofauna is the main mechanism explaining a positive edge effect during spring. This work highlights the need to consider seasonal dynamics in the assessment of habitat fragmentation and degradation.
Neuromarketing: potencia y límites en el conocimiento del mercado.
Authors: López Salazar Gloria Leticia
Published: August 2023

El neuromarketing aplica pruebas biométricas que usan los neurólogos con fines médicos, con el objetivo de escanear el cerebro humano y así comprender mejor los procesos mentales que suceden alrededor de la toma de decisiones de los consumidores. El neuromarketing complementa los hallazgos de una investigación de mercados que sólo usa técnicas tradicionales. El objetivo de este estudio fue hacer una exploración documental con fuentes bibliográficas sobre mercadotecnia y neuromarketing, con el fin de ampliar su comprensión, evaluar los beneficios y la utilidad de su aplicación. Los resultados muestran las ventajas de su aplicación, sus beneficios en el área publicitaria con impacto en la toma de decisiones estratégicas de mercadotecnia; y, como desventaja, el costo y la percepción no ética por parte del consumidor.
Study on 20~30’s Consumers’ Value Expectation about Brand Webtoon
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Chulho
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to establish a conceptual foundation to help brand communication activities using brand webtoons apply them as a strategic tool that naturally leads to empathy, participation, and spreading messages positively by quantitatively confirming the expected value of brand webtoons consumers in their 20s and 30s have. The scope of the paper was limited to the food and beverage sector, and qualitative and quantitative surveys were conducted. Research results show that the expected value of these consumers for brand webtoons were divided into 5 perspectives(practical, self-identity, hedonic, artistic, and social relations) and 11 expected values(information, message suitability, authenticity, voluntary solo, subjective self-satisfaction, hedonic, visual immersion, workmanship, creativity, interactivity, maintaining minimum distances in relationships). These results mean that the use of webtoons, potential tools for strategic communication and empathy expansion for consumers who may avoid commercial messages, should ultimately be planned and executed by utilizing consumers' expected values.
A Case Study of Humanities Content Development by University Students Using the Legend of Sikjangsan Mountain in Daejeon
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Baek Minjeong
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we introduced the case of humanities content development by students who took , one of the courses in the interdisciplinary major of the College of Humanities at C University in Daejeon. It is a report of cases in which various genres of contents were developed through brainstorming and group discussions for the development of humanities contents based on the knowledge gained from studying the types of legends related to Sikjangsan Mountain, which represents the Daejeon region. In the design of this class, the instructor made the most important point in designing this class to develop brainstorming and synopsis forms for content development as well as providing students with oral literature accurate knowledge.the development and provision of a brainstorming form that can organize various questions and discussions and a form that can be expressed as a synopsis served as a catalyst for creative synopses of various genres by stimulating students' free imagination.
The Systematic Reviews on Deotbaegi Dance of Yaryu & Ogwangdae
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, An Gwiyeon , Choo Nayoung
Published: August 2023

This study systematically examined the literature to explore the integrated concept of Yaryu and Oggwangdae, mask dance designated as national intangible cultural heritages. It investigated the composition of dances based on the fundamental arm movements(Sawi) and examined the changes in costumes and props used in performances. The conclusions drawn from this are as follows: Firstly, Ddeutbaegi dance is a representative dance in the Busan and Gyeongnam regions, and it is a dance performed for personal enjoyment. Therefore, the movements are naturally expressed according to the rhythm and inspiration of the performers. Secondly, the fundamental Sawi of Ddeutbaegi dance are categorized into bae-gim-sawi (swinging), il-ja-sawi (straight), dol-lim-sawi (turning), pul-i-sawi (spinning), and eo-reum-sawi (jumping). Bae-gim-sawi can be considered as the representative Sawi of Ddeutbaegi dance. Thirdly, it can be observed that the costumes and props used in performances based on Ddeutbaegi dance have undergone changes over time. Therefore, efforts should be made to continuously collect data and analyze traditional dances that represent the region, with the expectation of establishing more well-defined concepts through these endeavors.
Inquiry into Self-healing and Self-realization Exploration in College Students' Writing: Focusing on K University  Students
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Jeongshin , Chae Yonsuk
Published: August 2023

This paper analyzed how the process of self-reflection and self-healing is being shaped through the writing process for students taking  at K University in Daegu in the first semester of 2022. The purpose of it is to transform a moment of crisis into a time of opportunity for college students suffering from COVID-19 and to achieve self-growth through this. Following , the students had an opportunity to realize that they should be faithful to reality by writing  from their 20s to their 50s and 60s. As such, it was found that college students were taking a step forward in the moment of crisis, not isolation or frustration, but reading the meaning of new life and discovering milestones. In this respect, it is significant that this study examined the process of changing the thought of college students through writing.
Securing Literature on Intermediate Exercises through Comparative Analysis of Czerny op.849 and Heller op.45
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Nam Kyungeun
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to secure literature on intermediate exercises music by comparing and analyzing the difficulty and technique of Czerny op.849 and Heller op.45. For this study, the difficulty of the two exercises was reclassified into 6-8 based on Magrath book, piano practice teaching method, reference literature, and the techniques were analyzed into 10 types within the learning goal of intermediate level exercises. As a result, in Heller op.45, the upper techniques of each difficult exercise are more evenly distributed than in Czerny op.849, and the finger-centered techniques and lower techniques for musical expression appear. Therefore, as a detailed classification of exercises with similar difficulty and high-level techniques, Heller op.45 is selected as alternative exercise music for Czerny op.849, supplementary technique exercise music, and work. It will be an important teaching method that broadens the range of selection of intermediate study literature for domestic piano teachers and students who rely only on Czerny op.849.
A Self-cultural Journal on the Experience of Operating a Local Children's Center Program
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ra Sungmin , Lee Seonhwa
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to identify the fundamental factors and core values necessary to develop and implement a program for children at local child centers, considering their needs and characteristics. To achieve this, the research questions were set as follows: “What do researchers experience in operating programs at local child centers?” and “What does the experience of operating programs at local child centers mean to researchers?” The research employed the autoethnographic research method, and data were collected through memory materials, cultural artifacts, and self-reflection materials spanning from 2011 to 2022. The collected data were analyzed using the end-point coding method. The research findings revealed four types of programs: “Program of Living as I Am,” “Replica Program of Becoming an Expert,” “Superficial Program of Wanting to Become an Expert,” and “Subtle Program of Becoming an Expert.” These research results are significant as they provide direction and important guidelines for program development and operation. Additionally, they offer insights into the role of operators when utilizing the programs.
The Effects of a Gardening-based Group Counseling Program on Social Skills in the Intellectually Disabled
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Eunyeong , Baek Yumi , Kim Dohun , Yun Hojun , Jin Hyeyoung
Published: August 2023

This study analyzes the effects of a gardening-based group counseling program on social skills in the intellectually disabled. To this end, this researcher selected 13 intellectually disabled people aged 20 to 22 from a special school located in B City as an experimental group and 13 students from a special school in C City as a control group. The group counseling program was operated through nine sessions to collect data. According to the results of analysis, cooperation, self-assertion, and self-control which are the subareas of social skills of the experimental group have been found to be improved. Also, according to the results of qualitative analysis, in intellectually disabled people who participated in the program, ‘improvement in self-understanding through cooperation’, ‘improvement in understanding others through careful listening’, ‘improvement in self-assertion in conflict situations’, ‘reduction in anxiety about getting a job’, and ‘improvement in the capability of emotional acceptance’ have been observed.
Argumentative Writing Education Method and Improvement Plan for College Writing Curriculum
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, CHo Kyuchan
Published: August 2023

This paper recognizes the importance of argumentative writing education and attempts to discuss the existing operation method and improvement plans by examining it through argumentative writing instructional methods. As a result, W University's 'University Writing' curriculum, unlike other college writing curricula, focuses on theory and practice related to argumentative writing for one semester to specifically improve learners' argumentative writing skills. However, it was found that by focusing only on argumentative writing education, the problem of a lack of basic writing skills such as spelling and spacing, arises. Therefore, while following the common curriculum, it is possible to improve the argumentative writing ability by using the short assigned practice and task-related feedback time to supplement the learner's abilities and repeat the instructor's feedback based on it. This method was found to be a net positive as it increased the satisfaction of the learners much more than when the common curriculum process was applied as is.
A Problem-Based Learning Model for Enhancing Communication Skills in General Spanish Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kang Pil Woon
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to design a problem-based learning model for general Spanish course to strengthen communication using learner-centered teaching methods. The subjects of this study were divided into two classes for a total of 80 freshmen students taking Spanish classes in a university in Daejeon City for 10 weeks in the second semester of 2022. After reviewing the validity of five experts, the final model was completed through learner evaluation after applying it to actual classes. The results of the expert validity test showed that the average of suitability, explanatory power, and usefulness items was 3.0 or higher, but the average of comprehension items was 2.8 and less than 3.0. The final model of problem-based learning design was completed by reflecting the results of expert validity verification and learner evaluation.
Aspects of Korean Embedded Sentences Usage by International Students: Focusing on Noun Clauses in Spoken Language
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, CHOI Boseon
Published: August 2023

This study examines the usage aspects of noun clauses in the spoken language of international students studying in Korea. Previous studies have focused on written materials and used grammaticality judgment tests, lacking natural language data. This study addresses these limitations and explores diverse language aspects in spoken discourse. Participants include 79 international students from Vietnam, China, Uzbekistan, Turkey, Mongolia, Japan, Taiwan, and Russia, engaging in natural conversations in small teams. As a result, a total of 2,634 sentences and 17,994 words were collected, and the usage aspects were examined by categorizing them into ‘-(으)ㅁ’, ‘-기’ and ‘-는 것’ noun clauses. The “-는 것” noun clauses appeared most frequently, and expressions reflecting spoken language characteristics were observed. The findings of this study suggest educational interventions for producing appropriate expressions in spoken and written language styles, and analyzing Korean language teaching materials for listing predicate verbs following noun clauses.
Empire Leading Tourism and Colony being Touristed: The Construction Process of Tourism Industry Infrastructure in Daegu and Gyeongbuk during the Japanese Colonial Period
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Jeong Youjin
Published: August 2023

This study examines the aspects of change that occurred as tourism culture was introduced and the infrastructure of the tourism industry was established on the Korean Peninsula in the modern period. In particular, it pays attention to the cultural transition situation where a new phenomenon called tourism was introduced to local communities such as Daegu and Gyeongju. The infrastructure of the tourism industry is divided into tourism media, tourism resources, and tourism subjects. Entering the 20th century, tourism media was built with the Gyeongbu Line railroad, and tourism industry development policies, tourism resource development, cultural heritage protection policies, scenic spot designation, and tourist destination development were carried out. This study, starting from the proposition that ‘the system works only when the infrastructure is in place’, analyzes the macroscopic process in which the infrastructure of the tourism industry has been built and the microscopic aspects of change in the local community. And it reflects on the reality of the tourism industry, which has been planned by others and continues to this day.
A Study on the Characteristics of Regional Program in University Museum
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ra Jiin , Lee Min
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status and characteristics of university museum programs in order to revitalize regional links between university museums. Four university museums established before 1954 (Yonsei University Museum, Korea University Museum, Ewha Women's University Museum, and Seoul National University Museum) were selected as research subjects. The result proves that all four university museums recognize the importance of regional linkages and have conducted programs that pursue regional linkages for local residents, however, there were limits in diversity of the programs that they were mostly focused on specific frames. In the further follow-up studies, measures to strengthen locality are expected to be sought through the development of regional linkage programs by the university museum.
The Effect of Group Art Therapy on Depression and Anger in Middle-aged Women
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Choi mun hwa
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of group art therapy on depression and anger in middle-aged women. Six middle-aged women with high psychological depression and difficulty in controlling their anger in social and family life were selected as the subjects of the study. Group art therapy was conducted once a week for 60 minutes 20 times, and the effectiveness verification was pre- and post-analysis with a depression diagnosis scale (BDI) and a state-characteristic anger scale (STAXK-K). Looking at the results of the study, first, as a result of conducting a depression diagnosis scale (BDI) to find out changes in depression in middle-aged women, it was effective in reducing depression scores and psychological changes. Second, as a result of confirming the results of middle-aged women's anger with a state-characteristic anger scale (STAXK-K), it was found that middle-aged women's anger decreased and was stable. Therefore, this study proposes to develop self-esteem and anger control programs, including family counseling, to continuously control pathological depression and anger caused by situational and environmental factors in middle-aged women.
Analysis of Overseas Research Trends in Ecological Environment Design Using R
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Byeungab
Published: August 2023

This study aims to draw implications for future domestic ecological urban environment design research by analyzing trends in ecological urban environment design and international academic research, and bibliographic information analysis and keyword network analysis were conducted using the R program. As a result of the research, empirical research focused on problem solving was the main focus, the topic was changing to the ecological service system of the city, and the paradigm shift of ecological urban environment design, such as the need for cooperative research between countries, was identified. And based on this result, the direction of future follow-up research was prospected.
A Study on the Recogonition Struggles of Migrant Women: Focus on Chinese Migrant in Daegu City and GyengBuk Province
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, ZHENG LANJI
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process in which Chinese migrant women in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-province begin to make voices for their children and are recognized as independent members by Korean society through a struggle for recognition. This study is based on the in-depth interviews on 32 Chinese women immigrants showing that they experienced the recognition struggle. Through the interview, it was known that 20 people were successful in this struggle. The activities of the self-reliance organizations and the changing status of the immigrants’ motherland-China were the two important factors which made it possible. Participatory observation method, in-depth interviews and documentary method were adopted as research method. Research has confirmed that China's current emergence as a second-largest economy is also an important background factor for the success of the struggle for recognition.
Analysis of ‘Experience’ of Contact Improvisation through Dewey’s ‘Stuation’
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Han Jihee
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to show that contact improvisation is a vivid artistic presentation of what J. Dewey calls ‘experience’ by applying his concept of ‘situation’. Dewey's ‘situation’ is, first, a ‘recognized environment’ in which thoughts originate, second, ‘interaction’ between humans and people, things, etc around them takes place, and third, it is an unstable and dynamic field where problems occur and at the same time, problems are solved. The meaning of contact improvisation analyzed through this 'situation' is as follows. First, contact improvisation is a dance that the dancer immediately executes by focusing on the situation here and ‘thinking about the present’. Second, the dancer of improvisation dance communicates with his partner in order to connect with his or her movement. Third, the problem situation is solved by the dancer maintaining contact with the opponent and continuing the improvisation movement, resulting in ‘aesthetic experience’. In the above contact improvisation, the dancer's intellectually, emotionally, and practically integrated and completed dance corresponds to Dewey's ‘an experience’, an ideal form of aesthetic experience.
Difference and Creative Modification of Korean Pungryu Spiritual Culture
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Ra Chaekun , Kim Deokho
Published: August 2023

From the ancient Jecheon ritual to the current Korean Wave, Korean Pungryu Spiritual culture has expressed the mental and emotional feelings that the Korean people experience in unity with God, nature, and the community. In the process, Pungryu culture has inherently possessed the characteristics of Harmony, which seeks to connect the human community with God and nature, and deviation(Mut) and Shinmyoung(神明), which embody mental freedom and aesthetic value beyond the boundaries of harmony. In other words, Korean Pungryu culture has harmony, Mut, and Shinmyoung as its inherent characteristics and has formed the cultural differences that form the basis of Hallyu culture. This paper aims to identify the nature of Korean Pungryu Spiritual culture by exploring how Korean Pungryu Spiritual culture, with its inherent differences of Mut and Harmony, Shinmyoung and Han(恨), has been modified into artistic and behavioral characteristics.
Aspects of the Nine-bend Painting of Mt. Wuyi Depicted by Yongnam Literati Kwon Seo in 1769
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Chung Kyungsook
Published: August 2023

The writing and seals on the screen revealed that the subject painting was depicted by Kwon Seo(1698-1780) and given to his relative Kwon Bang. The collection of works of 28 literaties, who lived in Yeongnam province during the 18th, showed that Mt. Wuyi was adapted as nature environment, as the substitute of Zhu Xi(1130-1200), and as emphasis of the comparative subject. The Kwon Seo’s painting has no relation with woodcut printings and painting depicted in China. It has associated with  of Wonjanggak and Jangseonchung. These art works were depicted in Taegeuk and located the 5th gok in the center. With Kwon Seo’s painting, the painting belonged in Hongik Univ. Museum was proved as Kwon Seo’s work. The paintings of Kwon Seo explain the properties of Mt. Wuyi painting appreciated by Yongnam Literaties in 18th.
Orientation of Russian Religious Culture: Otherworld, Secular Orientation
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Kywyoung
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to examine the orientation of Russian religious culture from the sociocultural perspective. Russian religious culture revealed ambiguous and sometimes paradoxical characteristics. I looked at how the transcendental orientation of religion and the secular orientation of culture collided and coexisted in Russian religious culture. The afterlife orientation of Russian religious culture revealed mystical and ideal aspects. Subtexts of these aspects included Neo-platonism, Negative theology, and Asceticism. On the other hand, the secular orientation of Russian religious culture was revealed in the form of following folk beliefs, magical worship, and collusion between religion and state power. Multiful beliefs, worship of miraculous icons, and religious uses of political power were subtexts of these aspects.
Reincarnationism and the Aesthetics of Liberation: Focusing on the Buddhist Spirituality of the Four Noble Truths and the Poetry of Hwang Dongkyu
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Younggun
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper is to discuss Hwang Dong-kyu's poetry and Buddhist spirituality by focusing on the value of spiritualism. The theory of the Four Noble Truths, the core of Buddhist doctrine, is used as a framework for analysing Hwang's poetry. In Hwang's poetry, the analyses encompass the entire text, while at the same time paying attention to the images that persist in each poem. To this end, the variations and regressions of the water and fire images set up a model of methodology for textual analysis. By naming his poetic images as departure and harvest, repeated sorrow, sublimation of death, premiere and regression of life, the analysis of Hwang Dong-gyu's poetry confirmed the connection between the Buddhist spirit and the idea of reincarnation in his poetry.
A Study of Factors Influencing Positive Work Problem Solving in Second-Generation Baby Boomer Single-Person Household Wage Workers
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Han su jeong
Published: August 2023

This study identify factors that contribute to positive workplace outcomes among middle-aged wage workers in single-person households second-generation of baby boomers. The research subjects were 383 male and female out of 9,358 participants in the 2021 KLoEE, and path model analysis was conducted using SPSS and AMOS programs. As a result of the analysis, subjective health had a significant positive effect on job satisfaction, while gross household income had a negative effect on coworker relationships and workload, and a significant positive effect on job satisfaction. There were direct effects of coworker relationships and workload and job satisfaction on positive work problem solving, and gross household income had a significant effect on positive work resolution, mediated by coworker relationships and workload and job satisfaction. Based on the study, we propose to continue discussions and conduct research to improve work competence and problem solving skills in preparation for super old age.
A Study on Issue Change through Trot Audition Program: Focusing on News Big Data
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Yeon Kyeong , Hong Sung kyoo
Published: August 2023

This study derived trot-related keywords, topics, and topic changes by using topic modeling to understand the media's interest in the trot audition program. This study was conducted as of April 24, 2023, and investigated various trot audition programs aired from December 06, 2018, when the article on the trot audition program  was first reported, to April 24, 2023. As a result, it was confirmed that the popularity and scope of some trot-related content decreased, and direct communication between singers and fans decreased. On the other hand, it can be seen that topics related to new issues such as COVID-19-related performance prevention strategies, moral discussions among participants, political use of the voting system, and global spread of trot are increasing. This paper is meaningful in presenting future directions and suggestions so that trot, which has been neglected, does not remain in 'shining popularity'.
Evaluation of Philippine-sourced clay particles as coating agents of cacao pods and carrier of entomopathogen against cacao pest, Helopeltis bakeri Poppius
Authors: Albacete Sharin C. , Amalin Divina M. , Carvajal Thaddeus M. , Wise John C.
Published: August 2023

Evaluation of the efficacy of clay particles as a coating agent of cacao pods and carrier of entomopathogen, Metarhizium anisopliae Sorokin, was conducted for the control of cacao mirid bug (CMB), Helopeltis bakeri Poppius. Choice and no-choice tests were performed to evaluate Philippine-sourced clay particles as a coating agent of cacao pods to deter CMB feeding, in comparison with the commercially available particle film (US kaolin Surround®). To determine the most efficient local clay particles in protecting the pods from CMB feeding, six (6) treatments were evaluated namely, Philippine-sourced kaolin (PH kaolin), zeolite (PH zeolite), bentonite (PH bentonite), US kaolin, water (negative control), and a commercial synthetic insecticide thiamethoxam (Actara®) (positive control). All treatments were subjected to choice and no-choice tests. Among the Philippine clay particles tested in both tests, PH zeolite showed significant coating and deterred CMB from feeding. Since the US Kaolin and zeolite showed significant feeding deterrent effects on CMB, these treatments were tested as carriers of entomopathogenic fungi, M. anisopliae, including water (negative control) and thiamethoxam. Results showed that zeolite is a good carrier of the spores of M. anisopliae as its effects to deter CMB feeding started 24 hours after exposure. This was confirmed by positive M. anisopliae extraction from dead CMB through potato dextrose agar (PDA) plating.
Behavioral changes to detect estrus using ear-sensor accelerometer compared to in-line milk progesterone in a commercial dairy herd
Authors: Perez Marquez Hector J. , Ambrose Divakar J. , Bench Clover J.
Published: August 2023

The first objective of this study was to compare behavioral and ear temperature changes using accelerometer ear tags (CowManager system; Sensor) during the declining progesterone (P4) phase (expected estrus) and the luteal phase determined using in-line milk P4 analysis (Herd Navigator system; HNS). The second objective was to evaluate the accuracy of each Sensor metric to detect estrus compared to HNS in a commercial dairy herd. Forty-six cows (23 young [1 to 2 lactations] and 23 mature [3 to 6 lactations]) at 20 days in milk (DIM) were fitted with Sensor tags, and P4 profiles measured via HNS until 90 DIM. Sensor metrics analyzed were Resting, Ruminating, Eating, Active, High-Active, and ear temperature (Etemp). The day of milk P4 decline below the 5 ng/mL threshold in the HNS was designated as d -1 (LSM ± SEM; 3.42 ± 0.08 ng/mL) and the day of expected estrus as d 0. Significant increases (LSM ± SEM) were observed at d 0 in Active (5.01 ± 0.14 min/h) and High-Active (8.70 ± 0.25 min/h) behavior responses as well as in Etemp (29.45 ± 0.08°C) compared with the luteal phase (Active: 4.46 ± 0.13 min/h; High-Active: 6.40 ± 0.22 min/h and Etemp: 28.69 ± 0.08°C). The greatest estrus detection accuracy (Youden Index [J: performance]) single metric was achieved using Etemp (0.24 J) followed by Resting (0.20 J) and High-Active (0.17 J) in all cows. Greater accuracy was observed in Young cows (Etemp: 0.44 J; Resting: 0.33 J; and High-Active: 0.25 J) than in Mature cows (Etemp: 0.09 J; Resting: 0.12 J; and High-Active: 0.13 J). Similarly, accuracy was greater when only healthy cows (cows with no postpartum health events) were compared (Etemp: 0.33 J; Resting: 0.31 J; High-Active: 0.20 J) to unhealthy cows (Etemp: 0.11 J; Resting: 0.02 J; High-Active: 0.02 J). The combination of behavior and Etemp metrics optimized the estrus detection accuracy in all the cows (0.30 J), Young (0.46 J), Mature (0.26 J), Healthy (0.45 J), and Unhealthy (0.11 J) cows compared to a single metric approach. Age and postpartum health affected the estrus detection accuracy using Sensor tags.
Functional drug-delivery hydrogels for oral and maxillofacial wound healing
Authors: Hao Ming , Wang Dongxu , Duan Mengna , Kan Shaoning , Li Shuangji , Wu Han , Xiang Jingcheng , Liu Weiwei
Published: August 2023

The repair process for oral and maxillofacial injuries involves hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Injury repair involves a variety of cells, including platelets, immune cells, fibroblasts, and various cytokines. Rapid and adequate healing of oral and maxillofacial trauma is a major concern to patients. Functional drug-delivery hydrogels play an active role in promoting wound healing and have shown unique advantages in wound dressings. Functional hydrogels promote wound healing through their adhesive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, hemostatic, angiogenic, and re-epithelialization-promoting properties, effectively sealing wounds and reducing inflammation. In addition, functional hydrogels can respond to changes in temperature, light, magnetic fields, pH, and reactive oxygen species to release drugs, enabling precise treatment. Furthermore, hydrogels can deliver various cargos that promote healing, including nucleic acids, cytokines, small-molecule drugs, stem cells, exosomes, and nanomaterials. Therefore, functional drug-delivery hydrogels have a positive impact on the healing of oral and maxillofacial injuries. This review describes the oral mucosal structure and healing process and summarizes the currently available responsive hydrogels used to promote wound healing.
Right ventricular global dysfunction score: a new concept of right ventricular function assessment in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)
Authors: Benes Jan , Kotrc Martin , Wohlfahrt Peter , Kroupova Katerina , Tupy Marek , Kautzner Josef , Melenovsky Vojtech
Published: August 2023

Background

Right ventricular (RV) function is currently being evaluated solely according to the properties of RV myocardium. We have tested a concept that in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), RV assessment should integrate the information about both RV function as well as size.

Methods

A total of 836 stable patients with HFrEF (LVEF 23.6 ± 5.8%, 82.8% males, 68% NYHA III/IV) underwent echocardiographic evaluation and were prospectively followed for a median of 3.07 (IQRs 1.11; 4.89) years for the occurrence of death, urgent heart transplantation or implantation of mechanical circulatory support.

Results

RV size (measured as RV-basal diameter, RVD1) was significantly associated with an adverse outcome independent of RV dysfunction grade (p = 0.0002). The prognostic power of RVD1 was further improved by indexing to body surface area (RVD1i, p < 0.05 compared to non-indexed value). A novel parameter named RV global dysfunction score (RVGDs) was calculated as a product of RVD1i and the degree of RV dysfunction (1–4 for preserved RV function, mild, moderate and severe dysfunction, respectively). RVGDs showed a superior prognostic role compared to RV dysfunction grade alone (ΔAUC >0.03, p < 0.0001). In every subgroup of RVGDs (<20, 20–40, 40–60, >60), patients with milder degree of RV dysfunction but more dilated RV had similar outcome as those with more severe degree of RV dysfunction but smaller RV size (all p > 0.50), independent of tricuspid regurgitation severity and degree of pulmonary hypertension.

Conclusion

RV dilatation is a manifestation of RV dysfunction. The evaluation of RV performance should integrate the information about both RV size and function.
A new perspective on HIV: effects of HIV on brain-heart axis
Authors: Shao Honghua , Li Sijun
Published: August 2023

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can cause damage to multiple systems within the body, and the interaction among these various organ systems means that pathological changes in one system can have repercussions on the functions of other systems. However, the current focus of treatment and research on HIV predominantly centers around individual systems without considering the comprehensive relationship among them. The central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular system play crucial roles in supporting human life, and their functions are closely intertwined. In this review, we examine the effects of HIV on the CNS, the resulting impact on the cardiovascular system, and the direct damage caused by HIV to the cardiovascular system to provide new perspectives on HIV treatment.
Targeted cell delivery of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cardiovascular disease applications: a review of preclinical advancements
Authors: Huerta Carlos Theodore , Voza Francesca A. , Ortiz Yulexi Y. , Liu Zhao-Jun , Velazquez Omaida C.
Published: August 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continue to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally and claim the lives of over 17 million people annually. Current management of CVD includes risk factor modification and preventative strategies including dietary and lifestyle changes, smoking cessation, medical management of hypertension and cholesterol lipid levels, and even surgical revascularization procedures if needed. Although these strategies have shown therapeutic efficacy in reducing major adverse cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, symptoms of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), and major limb amputation significant compliance by patients and caregivers is required and off-target effects from systemic medications can still result in organ dysfunction. Stem cell therapy holds major potential for CVD applications but is limited by the low quantities of cells that are able to traffic to and engraft at diseased tissue sites. New preclinical investigations have been undertaken to modify mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to achieve targeted cell delivery after systemic administration. Although previous reviews have focused broadly on the modification of MSCs for numerous local or intracoronary administration strategies, here we review recent preclinical advances related to overcoming challenges imposed by the high velocity and dynamic flow of the circulatory system to specifically deliver MSCs to ischemic cardiac and peripheral tissue sites. Many of these technologies can also be applied for the targeted delivery of other types of therapeutic cells for treating various diseases.
Mucoadhesive polymers in substance-based medical devices: functional ingredients or what else?
Authors: Vigani Barbara , Rossi Silvia , Sandri Giuseppina , Bonferoni Maria Cristina , Caramella Carla M.
Published: August 2023

The paper is intended to deal with the regulatory status of the family of substance-based medical devices (SB-MD) which contain mucoadhesive polymers. Mucoadhesive formulations are mainly intended for oral/buccal, gastro-esophageal, nasal, or vaginal administration routes. They contain one or more substances/polymers of either natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic origin endowed with mucoadhesive properties. These are complex substances whose chemical-physical properties are in general well characterized. Hydration and water retaining properties, gel formation, lubricating properties are example of functional characteristics that may be involved in mucosal interaction. However, there are still uncertainties as to the underlaying mechanisms. The idea is to provide support, to the understanding of the prevailing mechanisms of action of the family of SB-MD that exploit mucoadhesion phenomenon to exert the intended therapeutic action. A case study on Hyaluronic acid as a typical representative of mucoadhesive polymers, is presented. The correct understanding of the mechanism of action of the substances/polymers involved in SB-MD is pivotal to a smooth and successful submission to the involved regulatory bodies to a positive assessment and to the final approval.
Applying the Brocher Declaration to short-term experiences in global health in dental education
Authors: Rosenbaum Edward , Lasker Judith , Prasad Shailendra , Shick Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

Participating in Short-Term Experiences in Global Health (STEGHs) has become an increasingly popular way for dental students to learn about the global burden of disease and health inequalities by traveling to a low-income community. However, there is little information available in the dental education literature providing guidelines on best practices for STEGHs. Often little is known about the local dental practice laws and ethics guidelines. One useful resource is the Brocher Declaration. The Brocher Declaration, created by the Advocacy for Global Health Partnerships (AGHP), is a comprehensive document outlining best practices for developing ethical and sustainable global health partnerships. The six guiding principles are: (1) mutual partnership with bidirectional input and learning, (2) empowered host country and community-defined needs and activities, (3) sustainable programs and capacity building, (4) compliance with applicable laws, ethical standards, and code of conduct, (5) humility, cultural sensitivity, and respect for all involved, and (6) accountability for actions. The principles of the Brocher declaration can serve as a foundation for ethics and sustainability and can be easily applied to STEGHs in dental education. The authors present a set of recommendations specific to each principle to guide dental schools in offering STEGHs to their students. Participating in STEGHs represents a unique opportunity for students to learn about the global burden of oral disease, its risk factors, and the population and public health strategies to reduce oral disease in diverse populations. When done ethically, they may serve as a spark for students to become future leaders in global health.
Gut microbiome and reproductive endocrine diseases: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liang Ye , Zeng Weihong , Hou Tao , Yang Haikun , Wu Boming , Pan Ru , Huang Lishan
Published: August 2023

Background

Observation studies have confirmed the association between the gut microbiome and reproductive endocrine diseases (REDs), namely, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and female infertility. However, their association has never been confirmed by a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

We conducted a two-sample MR analysis to evaluate the relationship between the gut microbiome and the three aforementioned REDs. In order to get more comprehensive results, two different thresholds were adopted to select instrumental variables (IVs): one was a locus-wide significance threshold (P <1.0×10–5) and the other was a genome-wide significance level (P< 5×10-8). Summary-level statistics for the gut microbiome and REDs were collected from public databases. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was the main method used to estimate causality, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the MR results.

Results

At the locus-wide significance level, we identified that the genera Streptococcus (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.13-2.06, P=0.006) and RuminococcaceaeUCG005 (OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.04-1.86, P=0.028) were associated with a high risk of PCOS, while Sellimonas (OR= 0.69, 95%CI: 0.58-0.83, P=0.0001) and RuminococcaceaeUCG011(OR=0.76, 95%CI: 0.60-0.95, P=0.017) were linked to a low PCOS risk. The genus Coprococcus2 (OR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.01-1.43, P=0.039) was correlated with an increased risk of female infertility, while Ruminococcus torques (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.54-0.88, P=0.002) were negatively associated with the risk of female infertility. The genera Olsenella (OR= 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01-1.22, P=0.036), Anaerotruncus (OR= 1.25, 95%CI: 1.03-1.53, P=0.025), and Oscillospira (OR= 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.46, P=0.035) were linked to a high risk of endometriosis. However, the results showed that the gut microbiome did not possess a causal link with REDs risk based on the genome-wide significance level. Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of the MR results.

Conclusion

Our study provides evidence that gut microbiome is closely related with REDs. Subsequent studies should be conducted to promote microbiome-orientated therapeutic strategies for managing REDs.
Characteristics of agricultural phosphorus migration in different soil layers on purple soil sloping cropland under natural rainfall conditions
Authors: Wang Yi , Chen Fangxin , Zhao Huan , Xie Deti , Ni Jiupai , Liao Dunxiu
Published: August 2023

Limited by the current monitoring and collection methods of subsurface flow data, the characteristics of phosphorus (P) migration loss in different soil layers on sloping cropland under natural rainfall conditions need to be clarified. In this study, a reliable U-trough collection method was used to explore P migration losses in different purple soil layers (L0: surface, L1: 0–20 cm, L2: 20–40 cm, and L3: 40–60 cm) for purple soil sloping cropland during a field monitoring campaign spanning two calendar years under natural rainfall conditions. The results suggested that the annual surface P loss load was 1.08 kg*ha−1*yr−1, where 92.1% was particulate P. The annual leaching loss load of total P from the L1 layer was 3.55 kg*ha−1*yr−1, where 74.2% and 10.5% were intercepted by the L2 and L3 layers, respectively, to increase the in situ soil P stocks. Only 15.3% of L1’s annually leached P, and only half the surface P loss load (L0), was lost to underground water. Heavy-rain events on the purple soils in the studied sloping cropland induced 43.9% of the annual surface P loss load. In contrast, 36.1%, 30.5%, and 30.3% of P’s eventual annual leached loss loads resulted from heavy, moderate, and torrential rain events, respectively. The maize season was the main period of surface and subsurface P migration loss. Due to the limitation of experimental conditions, the results of this experiment could not represent the soil phosphorus migration process in the natural purple slope farmland in nature, but it could partially represent the soil phosphorus migration in the newly cultivated purple sloping cropland in Chongqing.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce N2O emissions from degraded residue patches
Authors: Li Xia , He Guang , Li Dandan , Bei Shuikuan , Luan Dongdong , Sun Xinzhan , Yang Gaiqiang , Huo Lijuan , Zhen Lina , Zhao Ruotong
Published: August 2023

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas, and agricultural soils represent a major anthropogenic source. Crop residues provide nutrients for plants but also act as hotspots of N2O production. The hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) could proliferate in organic patches, utilize released N from the organic patches, and potentially mitigate N2O emissions. However, the effect of AMF on N2O emissions in degraded residue patches and the possible microbial mechanism remain uncertain. Here, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of AMF (Funneliformis mosseae) inoculation on N2O emissions, availabilities of carbon and nitrogen, extracellular enzyme activities, and the abundance of key N-cycling genes in degraded residue patches. Our results showed that AMF hyphae significantly reduced N2O emissions from degraded residue patches. Quantitative PCR analysis of key functional genes involved in N2O production (amoA, nirK, nirS) and consumption (nosZ) showed that AMF significantly reduced the abundance of the bacterial amoA and nirS genes. NH4+, NO3−, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total nitrogen (TN), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents decreased drastically in the presence of AMF. In addition, the activities of all tested extracellular enzymes were significantly decreased by AMF and positively correlated with DOC content. Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that the abundance of the nirS gene primarily influenced N2O emissions and was positively correlated with DOC content in degraded residue patches. Our findings indicate that AMF suppressed N2O producers, particularly nirS-type denitrifiers, by slowing down the release of C and N from degraded residues, thereby leading to a cascade effect on the decrease of N2O emissions. This study provides a promising approach to mitigate N2O emissions by enhancing AMF in the agroecosystems.