bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural-legal regulation of social relations in the period of social anomy
Authors: Romanova Alona
Published: September 2024

It was found that the transitional state of the development of society is always characterized by instability in all spheres of people’s life. Social changes can be both negative and positive, because society is a living organism that must update, develop, and change. It is important that anomic, crisistransitional states turn into stable, updated socio-legal relations between members of society within the state field, and not go into crisis decline. It is emphasized that under the conditions of an anomic state of development of society, the norms of natural law acquire special importance, which do not allow society to move to the level of illegal development, until legal norms that can fully regulate social relations are formed and updated. Every society at a certain stage of its development experiences crisis periods characterized not only by social instability, but also by the decline and destruction of moral and legal guidelines and value standards. It is noted that social anomie is a rather dangerous state that can develop into mass riots, strikes, rallies and revolutions, when the norms and prescriptions of the state are ignored, and in the worst case, they are violated due to what citizens consider ineffective. This can lead to the spread of conformist behavior. In the context of the regulation of human behavior in society, it is impossible, and it is not necessary, to strictly distinguish the norms of morality, ethics, spiritual, canonical and natural law norms, because these norms are interconnected and recognize the inadmissibility of violating the norms of positive law. Attention is focused on the fact that anomic states are characteristic of any society at a certain stage of its development, mostly as crisis-transitional states. Natural law norms support the lawful functioning of society through the recognition by a person of the value of moral, spiritual and ethical norms, which allows avoiding a deformed worldview and improper behavior. Natural law regulation of social relations in the period of social anomie can act as a stimulator of lawful human behavior, activating the value orientations of a person.
Peculiarities of preparation of certain types of forensic examinations
Authors: Sybіrna Roma , Havts Oksana
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The article analyzes the important aspects of conducting forensic medical examinations in the context of the investigation of criminal cases and other offenses. The author determines that according to the object of examination, forensic medical examination can be divided into the following types: forensic medical examination, forensic medical examination of living persons, forensic medical examination of material evidence. The article analyzes the processes associated with the examination of a corpse, including the extraction of various biological materials and their further analysis. The methods of determining the time of death, establishing the causes and circumstances of death, as well as identifying the corpse are also considered in detail. It has been established that the forensic medical examination of living persons is the most common type of examination. The article describes the purpose, task and procedure of forensic medical examinations for living persons, including the collection of biological samples for comparison, analysis of injuries and other signs of violence. It is emphasized that the forensic medical expert does not have the right to provide the legal qualification of the examined injuries in the report, this is the prerogative of the investigation and the court. The author demonstrates how such examinations can be used to investigate criminal offenses, establish patterns, and resolve legal issues. In addition, the article examines in detail the specifics of physical evidence examination, such as blood, saliva, semen, tissues, and other materials that may be important in the investigation of criminal offenses. Methods of collection, storage and analysis of such evidence are highlighted, as well as their role in solving criminal cases. Summarizing, the article reveals the key aspects of forensic medical examinations of a corpse, living persons and physical evidence, which are important for judicial practice and the investigation of offenses. It helps to understand the processes and methods used by experts to obtain objective and reliable information necessary for justice and the protection of public safety.
Legal regulation of the activities of attorneys general in the context of European integration: challenges and opportunities for Ukraine
Authors: Syrovatchenko Maksym
Published: September 2024

This paper studies the problem of legal regulation of the activity of attorneys general in the context of European integration and its influence on the modern development of the legal system of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to analyze the challenges that the country faces in the process of adapting national legislation to European standards in the field of advocacy, as well as to identify opportunities that this process can open up for Ukraine. The research used methods of scientific analysis and synthesis, in particular, systematization and generalization of existing scientific literature, analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and European countries, comparative analysis of legal systems, as well as study of the practice of applying European standards. In the course of the analysis, they were able to determine that the main conclusions of the study of the legal regulation of the activities of attorneys general in the context of European integration and challenges and opportunities for Ukraine take into account that the challenges that Ukraine faces in the context of European integration are the need to bring national legislation into line with European standards for activities of general advocates. This involves the revision and improvement of legal norms, the creation of transparent and clear rules regarding the professional conduct of lawyers, the establishment of effective mechanisms for licensing and control over their activities. On the other hand, European integration opens opportunities for Ukraine to improve the standards of providing legal services and improve the quality of legal aid. This can lead to an increase in the quality of the legal system, improved access to justice, increased confidence in the legal system, support for reforms in the judicial system, and attraction of investment and business support. Considering this, the solution of these tasks requires a systematic approach and active cooperation of all interested parties, both at the domestic and international levels.
The concept and legal nature of the institution of exemption from punishment and its service
Authors: Shai Roman
Published: September 2024

The article reveals the concept and legal nature of the institution of exemption from punishment and its serving since this institution is closely related to both the purpose of punishment and the tasks of criminal responsibility in general. In this regard, exemption from serving a sentence requires a more detailed study. Domestic criminal law policy is focused on creating and ensuring the effective functioning of the system of measures of legal influence on illegal human behavior. The main criminal-legal consequence in these relations is criminal responsibility, and the most common form of its implementation remains punishment. According to the principle of inevitability of criminal responsibility and punishment, a person who has committed a criminal offense must be held criminally responsible, which, as a general rule, is implemented by imposing a punishment of a certain type and size. The imposition of punishment for a committed criminal offense is a legal consequence of finding a person guilty of a committed criminal offense. At the same time, in accordance with other principles of criminal law – humanity and economy of criminal repression measures – if there are conditions and grounds provided for in the Criminal Code of Ukraine, a person can be released from criminal liability or from punishment and its serving. Despite the fact that these institutions are applied in the presence of certain positive post-criminal behavior of the subject of a criminal offense and are a manifestation of compromise on the part of the state, they also have differences that are not clearly defined by the legislator, so this issue requires additional research and legal argumentation. The concept of exemption from criminal responsibility cannot be equated with exemption from responsibility in connection with the absence of a criminal element in the person’s actions or in the presence of circumstances that exclude the criminality of the act. The law provides for the possibility or obligation to release from criminal responsibility a person whose actions contain a certain element of the crime. The absence of a criminal element in a person’s actions excludes the possibility of release, because one cannot be released from criminal responsibility who did not commit the crime.
Causes and forms of corruption in education
Authors: Shulhan Iryna
Published: September 2024

The problem of corruption is important for many countries because corruption undermines trust in the government, violates the rule of law and leads to socio-economic inequality in the country. In different spheres of society, manifestations of corruption can be observed. Overcoming corruption in the educational environment is an extremely urgent problem since corruption is incompatible with the main purpose of education – to educate and encourage young people to the correct civic position, patriotism, respect for laws and human rights. The link between corruption and the ignorance of the public, the lack of civic engagement, tolerance and global courtesy is traced in the article. It is established that the formation and consolidation in society of the principles of intolerance to corruption are primarily influenced by legal nihilism, which manifests itself in a critical attitude to law as a form of organisation of life in the State. Attention is focused on the exceptional importance of legal education of young people, in particular in the spirit of intolerance to any manifestations of of corruption. It is noted that the causes of corruption in Ukraine are historical and are characterised by a deep penetration of corruption into the sphere of everyday life of society. into the everyday life of society. The article analyses the causes of corruption in the educational sector, which reflect individual factors of corruption in higher education institutions. The main models of corruption practices in education are investigated. It is concluded that the most significant obstacle to the eradication of corruption in education is the interest and acceptance of its existence both on the part of representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions and students of all levels. Compliance with the requirements of scientific and pedagogical integrity in educational activities, as well as the avoidance of actions influenced by private interests should become the basis of the educational process in Ukraine.
Perancangan Dokumentasi Disaster Recovery Plan Terhadap Data APBD Berdasarkan ISO 24762:2008
Authors: Indra Yudha Pratama  , Rita Rijayanti  , Doddy Ferdiansyah
Published: September 2024

Kebutuhan terhadap data yang terus meningkat menjadikan data sebagai aset penting bagi seperti instansi pemerintah. Hal inipun tidak lepas dari risiko kehilangan akses data akibat bencana yang mungkin terjadi setiap saat. Dewan perwakilan rakyat (DPRD) Kota Bandung Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (DPRD) Kota Bandung yang memiliki tugas Pokok melaksanakan Pengawasaan terhadap Pelaksanaan Peraturan Daerah dan APBD Kota Bandung nomor 58 Tahun 2005 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Anggaran Pendapatan Daerah (APBD) diatur dengan peraturan daerah. Saat ini Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Bandung masih belum memiliki dokumen terkait dengan disaster recovery plan, karena tidak lepas dari kemungkinan terjadinya bencana seperti; bencana alam, kebakaran, kesalahan manusia, data corrupt, maupun serangan kepada sistem seperti virus. Mengingat data yang tersimpan di DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DAERAH Kota Bandung sangatlah penting yang memiliki dasar hukum dan dilindungi Undang-Undang, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dokumen Disaster recovery plan yang difokuskan pada penggunaan teknologi informasi (TI) untuk pemulihan kinerja sistem, aplikasi atau sebuah fasilitas komputer yang dijalankan dari suatu tempat yang berbeda (off-site) ketika terjadi situasi darurat di DRPD Kota Bandung. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Risk Assessment.
Perancangan Antarmuka Web Rekrutmen Karyawan Menggunakan Design Thinking
Authors: Yanida Nur Sabila W.S  , Fajar Darmawan
Published: September 2024

PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. Noodle Bandung bergerak dalam bidang Consummer Goods, yang memiliki tujuan untuk membuat produk konsumsi yang baik. Dimana untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut, dibutuhkan sumber daya manusia yang memiliki kompetensi yang baik juga tentunya, tetapi dalam performansi masih mengalami kesulitan. Jumlah pelamar yang banyak dapat menimbulkan lamanya penyeleksian terhadap berkas lamaran yang dikirimkan. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan beberapa masalah diantaranya data pelamar yang menumpuk, mudah hilang maupun rusak, maka akan diperlukan waktu yang lama dalam penyeleksian karyawan baru.Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode Design Thinking yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan tingkat kenyaman pengguna di PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. Noodle Bandung. Perancangan dilakukan dengan lima tahapan yaitu empathise, define, ideate, prototype, test. Hasil dari penelitian tugas akhir ini adalah menghasilkan high-fidelity prototipe berupa rancangan antarmuka untuk aplikasi rekrutmen karyawan yang dapat diakses dari mana saja dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan tingkat kenyaman pengguna di PT. Indofood CBP Sukses Makmur Tbk. Noodle Bandung.
Public Perceptions on Elite Sport’s Societal Outcomes: A Validated Scale in a European Context
Authors: Praet Lynn , De Bosscher Veerle , Smismans Sofie , Derom Inge
Published: September 2024

Studies have demonstrated the potential positive (e.g., inclusion) and negative (e.g., pollution) outcomes that elite sport has on society. Over the years, the interest in measuring these societal outcomes has grown. This research extends previous studies that emphasize the need for a validated scale to accurately measure public perceptions of elite sport’s outcomes on society. The purpose of this study was to validate the Mapping Elite Sport’s potential Societal Impact (MESSI) scale in a European context. Using a quantitative research design, the MESSI scale was administered to 10,400 European citizens from seven countries (i.e., Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, The Netherlands, Poland, and Portugal). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of the measurement instrument. Results indicated a psychometrically acceptable 68-item 10-dimension MESSI scale. The European population perceived more positive than negative potential societal outcomes of elite sport. The study confirms that the MESSI scale is a valid, reliable, and robust instrument for measuring the perceptions of the potential positive and negative societal outcomes of elite sport. The use of this scale might provide valuable insights for sport policymakers.
Impaired Emotional Processing in Major Depressive Disorder.
Accuracy versus Processing Speed
Authors:   Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca., NEMEȘ Bogdan , COMAN Horia G. ,   Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca; 3rd Psychiatry Department, Cluj County Emergency Clinical Hospital., HERȚA Dana C. ,   Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca., TRIFU Raluca N. ,   Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca., COZMAN Doina M. C. ,   Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and
Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca.
Published: September 2024

Depression is one of the most frequent conditions within the general
population, ranking among the most burdensome in terms of public health
expenses, productivity loss and social costs. The condition has been linked
with cognitive deficits that may even continue in remission phases, social
cognition being one potentially affected cognitive function. In our study, the
Penn’s Emotional Acuity Test included in the CogtestTM battery was used to
assess emotion recognition accuracy and processing speed. The Structured
Clinical Interview for the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale was
used to assess the intensity of the symptomatology. A total of 48 depressed
individual individuals (65% females), with a mean age of 49.8 ± 10.4 years,
and 40 healthy controls (75% females), with a mean age of 35.2 ± 6.9 years
were included. As compared to controls, depressive participants recorded
significantly less correct answers (9.3 ± 3.8 vs. 11.2 ± 3.6, p = 0.019 –
Student’s t test) and slower processing speeds (6795 ± 3366 vs. 4042 ± 1623,
p 0.001 – Mann-Whitney U test) in emotion processing. Furthermore,
symptom severity significantly influences only processing speed and not
accuracy in emotion recognition tasks. Thus, we conclude that depressive
individuals have a significant deficit in processing speed and accuracy when
identifying the intensity of other peoples’ emotions.
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure
of the Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R) for the Romanian population
Authors:   Laboratory of Cognitive Clinical Sciences, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, PASCAL Simona A.
Published: September 2024

Research on measuring the intensity of disgust has required the development of instruments to measure this construct. Given that, a more culturally appropriate scale is needed to ensure a valid and reliable measurement of disgust. The concept of “disgust” does not have an appropriate literature in Romanian pathology, and Disgust Scale-Revised (DS-R) is quite rarely used in the public health context. Therefore, this study focuses on the psychometric properties of the Romanian adaptation of the DS-R, one of the preferred instruments for measuring disgust. More specifically, the research investigated different forms of reliability and validity of the DS-R, using both Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis approaches. In general, the results showed good fidelity, fit of the single- factor model of the DS-R, good convergent and divergent validity with respect to the relationships of this scale with other variables. The study also highlights the important role of disgust and anxiety in predicting obsessive- compulsive symptoms. In conclusion, further refinement of the scale could be useful for a more comprehensive development of this instrument in the clinical setting.
Nitrogen Requirement and Nitrogen Form Preference by Radermachera hainanensis and R. sinica Plug Seedlings
Authors: Wang Tsung-Cheng , Wei Tzu-Yao , Yeh Der-Ming
Published: September 2024

Radermachera hainanensis Merr. and R. sinica Hemsl. are popular foliage plants raised from seeds. Nitrogen fertilizer can significantly influence medium pH and EC, plug seedling growth, and photosynthesis. Plug seedlings of both species, each with one pair of leaves, were subjected weekly to nutrient solutions with nitrogen (N) concentrations ranging from 0 to 32 mM. Nitrogen-deficient plants exhibited the lowest leaf area, SPAD-502 value, and shoot dry weight but the highest root-to-shoot ratio. Leaf area, SPAD-502 value, and root and shoot dry weights increased with increasing N concentration up to 12-16 mM, and gradually decreased thereafter. Well-grown plants with 12-16 mM N exhibited peak maximal fluorescence (Fm), photochemical quenching (qP) and the lowest minimal fluorescence (Fo) and non-photochemical quenching (qN). Seedlings received nutrient solutions with varying proportions of NH4-N: NO3-N (0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, and 100:0, in percentages) at 16 mM N. Both species exhibited reduced leaf area, SPAD-502 value, and plant dry weights when supplied with only NO3-N or NH4-N. Maximum growth was achieved at a 50% NH4-N: 50% NO3-N ratio.

Species used in this study: Golden jasmine tree, Radermachera hainanensis Merr.; China Doll, Radermachera sinica Hemsl.

Chemicals used in this study: ammonium nitrate; sodium dihydrogen phosphate; potassium sulphate; potassium nitrate; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; calcium sulfate dihydrate; calcium nitrate tetrahydrate; ammonium sulfate; boric acid anhydrous; potassium chloride; ferrous sulfate heptahydrate; disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dihydrate; copper sulfate pentahydrate; zinc sulfate heptahydrate; molybdic acid; manganese sulfate monohydrate; nickel sulfate hexahydrate; sodium hydroxide.
Incidence of university sustainability on university performance: An exploratory analysis from five private Latin American universities
Authors: Osuna-Ramírez Sergio Andrés , Escobar-Sierra Manuela , Jailler-Castrillón Erika , Molina-Velásquez Tatiana
Published: September 2024

Sustainability has become a generalized concern for society, specifically businesses, governments, and academia. In the specific case of universities, sustainability has been approached from different perspectives, some viewing it from environmental practices, management initiatives, operational criteria, green buildings, and even education for sustainable development. This research focuses on sustainability as a managerial practice and investigates how it affects the performance of five private universities in Medellin, Colombia. For this purpose, a literature review using a mixed sequential approach, including bibliometric and content analysis, was initially conducted. In the s second phase, more than 5000 responses from students, professors, and employees of the five mentioned private universities were collected. A previously validated instrument for both sustainability and performance was applied in the quantitative phase, and a novel dimensionality of the constructs was proposed by conducting an exploratory factor analysis using the SPSS software. Results were then processed through a structural equation analysis with the Smart PLS software. The impact of sustainability on university performance is verified, making some managerial recommendations.
Analytical view on advancement of digital skills among EU consumers in electronic commerce
Authors: Štofejová Lenka , Kráľ Štefan , Fedorko Richard
Published: September 2024

the development of digital technologies and their popularity in e-commerce is undeniable. However, consumers need to have a certain level of digital skills. The main aim of the paper was to examine and evaluate the development of consumers’ digital skills in the European Union and to identify the potential significant impact on online shopping. The EU countries studied experienced an increasing trend in both internet users and online consumers over the period under review, with Romania and Estonia experiencing the most significant year-on-year increases in internet users and online consumers respectively. The trend of consumers with digital skills was volatile and in some EU countries it was decreasing year-on-year. When comparing the share of online consumers and the share of consumers with digital skills, it was not possible to generalize the results as in some countries the values were at comparable levels, but in selected countries the share of consumers with digital skills was higher than the share of online consumers and in other countries the opposite was true. The results showed the existence of a significant impact of the level of digital skills on online shopping and also of the use of the internet for online shopping. The results obtained can provide a basis for online retailers to promote the increase of consumers’ digital skills, which will ultimately lead to the growth of e-commerce.
Network reliability evaluation and management science applications in resource allocation for police organizations
Authors: Feng Pei-Chun
Published: September 2024

The effective allocation of resources within police patrol departments is crucial for maintaining public safety and operational efficiency. Traditional methods often fail to account for uncertainties and variabilities in police operations, such as fluctuating crime rates and dynamic response requirements. This study introduces a fuzzy multi-state network (FMSN) model to evaluate the reliability of resource allocation in police patrol departments. The model captures the complexities and uncertainties of patrol operations using fuzzy logic, providing a nuanced assessment of system reliability. Virtual data were generated to simulate various patrol scenarios. The model’s performance was analyzed under different configurations and parameter settings. Results show that resource sharing and redundancy significantly enhance system reliability. Sensitivity analysis highlights critical factors affecting reliability, offering valuable insights for optimizing resource management strategies in police organizations. This research provides a robust framework for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of police patrol operations under conditions of uncertainty.
Physical model analysis of stability coefficient for tetrapod innovation
Authors: Pujianiki Ni Nyoman , Predana I. Made Aryatirta , Yesaya Alvin , Airlangga Komang Gede Putra , Simpangan Gde Rai Putra Arya , Ibrahim Muhammad Shazril Idris Bin
Published: September 2024

Beach protection is vital to reduce the damage to shorelines and coastal areas; one of the artificial protections that can be utilized is the tetrapod. However, much damage occurred when using a traditional tetrapod due to the lack of stability coefficient (KD). Therefore, this research aims to increase the stability coefficient by providing minor modifications to the cape of the tetrapod, such as round-caped or cube-caped. The modification seeks to hold the drag force from the wave and offer a good interlocking in between the tetrapod. This research applied physical model test research using a breakwater model made from the proposed innovative tetrapod with numerous variations in dimensions and layers simulated with several scenarios. The analysis was carried out by graphing the relationship between the parameters of the measurement results and the relationship between dimensionless parameters, such as wave steepness H/gT2, and other essential parameters, such as the KD stability number and the level of damage in %. The result shows that the modified and innovative tetrapod has a more excellent KD value than the conventional tetrapod. In addition, the innovative tetrapod with the cube-shaped has a recommended KD value greater than the round shape. This means that for the modified tetrapod structure and the same level of security, the required weight of the tetrapod with the cube cap will be lighter than the tetrapod with the round cap. These findings have significant practical implications for coastal protection and engineering, potentially leading to more efficient and cost-effective solutions.
Exploring the impact of logo colors on the perceived tastes of tea beverages—A study on hand-shaken beverages in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yueh-Chin , Chen Hung-Yi , Xie Wan-Ling , Liu Ying-Chieh , Wu Hsiao-Chun , Chiu Tiffany
Published: September 2024

Color visually communicates the product’s flavors to consumers and further influences their taste perception. This study explores the perceived taste of tea beverages caused by the logo’s principal colors, using hand-shaken tea beverages in Taiwan as an example. To identify the linkage between the logo color and tea tastes, this study divides the taste of tea beverages into four categories: sweetness, freshness, bitterness, and astringency. Then, the 69 tea beverage logos are allocated into the 14 color sections in the CIELAB color space according to their primary colors. The Correspondence Analysis method is employed to visualize the relationships between the logos and the perceived tastes. The tea tastes are then mapped into the color sections in the CIELAB color space. The analysis results reveal that the sweetness links to logos in the Warm Scheme colors (hue angle from 0 to 59 degrees). The fresh taste is bound with the logo with the Cool White Scheme colors (hue angle from 90 to 149 degrees and brightness >80). Finally, the bitter and astringent tastes link to the logo colors in the Cold Black Scheme colors (hue angle from 60 to 89 degrees, 150 to 329 degrees, and brightness <25). This study expands the color and taste association literature from general food to tea beverages. Our obtained empirical results can be applied to hand-shaken beverage companies to select principal colors for designing logos and packages that align with tea beverages’ perceived tastes to convey brand recognition accurately.
Using ADTS and CNN methods to effectively monitor CD, crosstalk, and OSNR in an optical network
Authors: Mrozek Tomasz , Perlicki Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of a method based on asynchronous delay-tap sampling (ADTS) and convolutional neural network (CNN) for determining simultaneously occurring disturbances described using the chromatic dispersion (CD), crosstalk and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) parameters. The ADTS method was used to generate training and test data for the convolutional network, which in turn was used to learn to recognize interference from said data. The tests were carried out for a transmission speed of 10 Gbit/s and for on-off keying (OOK) and differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation. Very good results were obtained in recognizing simultaneously occurring phenomena. Accuracy of over 99% was achieved for CD and crosstalk for DPSK modulation and over 98% for OOK modulation. In the case of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise, slightly weaker results were obtained, above 95–96% for both modulations. Based on the conducted research, it was determined that the use of ADTS and CNN methods enables monitoring of simultaneously occurring CD, crosstalk, and ASE noise in the physical layer of the optical network, while maintaining the requirements for modern monitoring systems.
How Productivity, Capital Investment, Employment, Human Capital and Energy Are Affecting Economic Growth in Morocco? An ARDL, FMOLS, DOLS and CCR Approaches
Authors: El Asli Hamdi , Azeroual Mohamed , Mekkaoui Youssef , Jamil Youssef
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to scrutinize the effects of; productivity, capital investment, human capital, employment and energy intensity; on economic growth in Morocco under the Energy-augmented Cobb Douglas production function (CDPF) framework, using extended data from 1965 to 2022. The ADF unit root test confirmed the existence of cointegration among variables, then, the ARDL BTA/ECM model proved the presence of long-term relationship within, in which the explanatory variables progress all together positively and proportionally to generate economic growth, just as stipulate the standard CDPF. The outputs reliability was validated by FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR tests. Results implies that an additional unit in GDP corresponds, in terms of units to, 1.87 in productivity level, 0.12 in capital investment, 4.19 in of human capital, 0.98 in labor force and 2.52 in energy intensity, that Moroccan economy is human capital intensive unlike when it comes to physical capital. In the light of this findings, we think that Morocco should accelerate its industrial transition, proceed to a large modernization and mechanisation of its agriculture in order to inspire more productivity to its entire economy, keep acting in the sense of more structural reforms to improve the business environment, share out the public spending equitably following two dimensions, physical by upgrading local infrastructure to attract more investments, human by promoting human capital through education and social protection.
Regulation of crop load and quality in sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’ using blossom thinning
Authors: Parveze Mir Uzma , Mir Mohammad Maqbool , Rehman Munib Ur , Iqbal Umar , Khan Saba Q. , Khan F. A. , Khan Imran , Qayoom Sameera , Mushtaq Irtiqa , Shah Hamiyah K. , Gaafar Abdel-Rhman Z. , Kaushik Prashant
Published: September 2024

Self-fertile cultivars of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) produce heavy crop load that is often associated with small and poor-quality fruits. Therefore, a crop load-management strategy is required to improve the quality of the fruit. In this study, the effect of blossom thinners on fruit set, yield and quality of the fruits was evaluated. Three types of blossom thinners were used at three different concentrations viz., ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) (1, 1.5 and 2%), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and corn oil emulsion (1, 2 and 3%). These were sprayed at 80% of the bloom stage. The vegetative, flowering, fruit set and yield parameters were observed and recorded. Fruit quality was evaluated by measuring the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits at the harvest stage. Negative correlation was found between fruit set and quality of fruit. The reduction in the crop load was associated with enhanced vegetative growth, including higher leaf:fruit ratio, higher supply and availability of photosynthates to the remaining fruitlets and reduced fruit firmness and titratable acidity. Fruit size, weight, volume, hue value, chroma value, soluble solid content (SSC), total sugars, SSC/acid ratio, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content were enhanced as a result of thinning. The foliar spray of ATS at 2% and NAA at 60 ppm, at 80% bloom proved to be the most effective in reducing crop load and enhancing the fruit quality.
ADRESSING NON-COMPLIANCE WITH HALAL PRODUCT REGULATIONS IN INDONESIA: SAFEGUARDING MUSLIM CONSUMER RIGHTS
Authors: Purwaningsih Prihatini , Mustika Desty Anggie , Purwoto Ady
Published: September 2024

This article examines the persistent non-compliance of producers with halal product regulations in Indonesia and its implications for safeguarding the rights of Muslim consumers. Despite the enactment of the Halal Product Assurance Law in 2014, a significant discrepancy exists between regulatory mandates and actual adherence. Through a normative-juridical approach involving legal interpretation and analysis of government reports and academic literature, this study delves into the various factors contributing to this issue. The research findings indicate that non-compliance arises from a combination of regulatory uncertainties, institutional inefficiencies, and socio-economic challenges. Notably, inadequate enforcement mechanisms, overlapping institutional jurisdictions, and the financial burden of certification processes are identified as key factors. This non-compliance undermines the halal integrity of products, thereby violating the rights of Muslim consumers as stipulated by Islamic law. Resolving this issue necessitates a comprehensive overhaul of the halal certification system, encompassing streamlined procedures, improved inter-agency collaboration, and strengthened enforcement measures. These efforts contribute to the broader dialogue on religious consumer rights and regulatory adherence in diverse societies, offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the halal sector.
Marketing Channels as a Factor of Sustainable Agribusiness
Authors:   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade, Serbia, RADOSAVLJEVIĆ Katica , PĂTĂRLĂGEANU Simona Roxana ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, MIHAILOVIĆ Branko ,   Institute of Agricultural Economics, Belgrade, Serbia, MITRAŠEVIĆ Mirela ,   University of East Sarajevo, Bijeljina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Published: September 2024

Due to the growing importance of marketing channels in market economies and the dominance of trade, particularly retail, as well as the fact that current economic flows in the Republic of Serbia, in the process of transitioning from an administrative to a market system of economy, highlight channels of traffic and distribution as a central problem and area of business rather than product, price, and promotion, the subject of this paper is precisely marketing channels, i.e., trade in the Republic of Serbia. The contemporary business environment requires a different approach to business. Between domestic and foreign markets, there is a very pronounced competition. The demands and needs of consumers are more complex, and their expectations have increased. Rapid adaptation is necessary due to constant changes in the environment. On the one hand, it is essential to monitor changes and adapt, while on the other hand, it is essential to show initiative. All these mentions indicate the absence of a single formula that guarantees success, therefore flexibility, proactivity, and willingness to accept changes appear as key success factors.
Sustainable Business Models in the European Energy Sector
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, HAO NingShan , DRAGOMIR Voicu D. ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

The present article investigates the sustainable business models (SBMs) of the two largest renewable energy producers (Iberdrola and Ørsted) in the European Union (EU) and a Romanian renewable energy company (Hidroelectrica). The study area focuses on wind or hydroelectric energy. The goal of the study is to conduct a comparison of the strategies, trends, differences, and best practices held by these organisations. In addition, the research proposes to carry out a comparison between the investment areas of each of the three organisations and the Non-financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) and the EU Taxonomy. The research involves multiple case studies and comparative analysis. The research findings enhance the comprehension of the conjunct tendencies existing in the industry that is placed under study, together with the regulatory framework. The sustainable business model (SBM) concept is frequently kept in the theoretical realm, the article standing as the basis through which its real characteristics are placed under investigation and are indicated. Overall, the information provided in the article will supplement understanding of the present landscape of the industry in the context of current environmental initiatives.
Two-Decade Bibliometric Analysis of Collaborative Trends in Gambling Studies: A Structured Literature Review and Analysis of Gambling Research (2004-2023)
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, IORDACHE Daniel-Marius , MIHAI Florin ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, ALECA Ofelia ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

This research analyses the field of gambling studies from the perspective of digital technologies over the past two decades (2004-2023). In the study, we use both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to identify the risks associated with gambling and the impact of digital technologies on them. We analysed 929 articles indexed on the Web of Science by Clarivate Analytics which contained the word “gambling” and were published exclusively in English. The analysis focuses on the themes which influence gambling studies, identifying the most popular topics utilised in studies: risk and technology. We have used qualitative analysis to identify and group the analysed subjects from each theme. Two main directions have been identified in the study: technological innovation and data analysis for business decision improvement. The bibliometric analysis and also the identified main themes from gambling studies ranging from 2004 to 2023 represents the originality of the study. The contribution this study brings is given by the main identified trend: gambling studies are steadily growing on a yearly basis.
Practice Generated Knowledge – Monitoring of Tourism Educational Process based on Self-Assessment Analysis
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, KOSTADINOVA Nadezhda
Published: September 2024

The topic of this paper leads to the field of practice-generated knowledge. Its importance for the institutional educational process in the Tourism specialty, University of Veliko Tarnovo is being proved. The researched literature shows the need of transferring the teaching in high education from theory-based to practice-based, without belittling the lecture approach. The main method, used is the survey method where self-assessment analysis is applied. Some findings show that practice-generated knowledge is accepted as a useful one for the targeted respondents – they learnt new things in the course of the project/activity done, they acquired necessary skills and consider university practices useful for their career development. Students gave their highest marks for the responsiveness of the lecturers who lead those practices, as well as for their methodology approaches.
Trends in Labour Resources in Romania
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania, MARIN-PANTELESCU Andreea , ALBĂSTROIU NĂSTASE Irina ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Romania
Published: September 2024

Currently, the labour market is characterised by workplace flexibility, life skills training, employer support for skills development, company concern for the society in which it operates, and increasing labour productivity through technology. The current research makes a forecast for the average monthly nominal net earnings for Romania and for the availability of labour resources for Romania for the period 2023-2025. The work will help employers to find the right way to keep employees in the company. The research methods used are the average dynamic index and linear trend analysis, by choosing the forecasting method that presents the highest accuracy. The conclusions present proposals and recommendations for the Romanian labour market.
The Worldwide Progress of SDGs. Depicting the Yearly Hot Topics, using Language Processing
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, PERNICI Andreea , STANCU Stelian ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

The Sustainable Development Goals have become indispensable for the international agenda since their official launch in 2015. Corroborated, the publication of the yearly SDG reports represents a candid focal point for the gained progress, as long as a clear depiction of the global challenges, resources, and knowledge. Thus, in the 2016-2023 period, eight annual reports have been published, containing more than 500 content pages. Starting from those, we aim to design an explorative analysis framework, through the computation of several language processing techniques from the family of text mining, and sentiment analysis. Our objective will be to identify the top-level hot topics of every year, while also pinpointing certain temporal dynamics in terms of new or recurrent subjects, international threats, or social-economic discourse elements. Deep-diving into the methodological instruments, the analysis will be based on a mix of techniques, starting from the illustration of the most common terms and collocations. Afterward, we will apply the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency algorithm to highlight the importance of several words relative to the entire collection of documents, with a focus on the evolutive dimension. Going forward, we will evaluate the sentiment scores for each report, to assess whether in certain moments the general tone of the conversation has switched to a more negative or positive valence. Throughout the applicative section, we will present the results through several graphical visualisations meant to better profile the connections between concepts. Finally, we consider the current approach to be valuable for understanding the general evolutions in terms of sustainable development, creating a summative and computational-based exploration of the progress generated worldwide in the last decade.
Social and Environmental Commitment Across the Early and Established Stages of Entrepreneurial Activity
Authors:   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, PFEIFER Sanja , ŠARLIJA Nataša ,   Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the sustainable development awareness, priority, and commitment of adults engaged in early and established entrepreneurial activity. The study is based on the GEM dataset collected during 2023 through an adult population survey on a representative sample in Croatia. The results of the study indicate that the role of social and environmental commitments varies across different motivational orientations of entrepreneurially active adults. It confirms the evolution of motivational orientations and sustainability commitment along the different stages of entrepreneurial activity. Among established businesses whose motivation is either to make a difference in the word or to build great wealth there are more of those who always consider social implications while regarding steps toward the minimisation of environmental impact or the maximisation of social impact there are no differences. Also, more established businesses have taken actions towards SDGs. When we compare factors that influence the motivation to make a difference in the word, in early-stage businesses, important factors are the easiness and proactivity to start a business, the importance of high level of status of entrepreneurs and the steps to maximise the social impact of the business while in established businesses considering social implications and awareness of SDGs are the most important factors. This study contributes to a better understanding of the differences between new or established entrepreneurial activity and their commitment to sustainability which may be essential to the more successful promotion, adoption, or consolidation of sustainable entrepreneurship.
The Governance Profile of European Countries and Key Banking Indicators – A Causality Analysis
Authors:   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, BOITAN Iustina Alina , SHABBAN Wafaa ,   Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2024

The study documents a significant relationship in terms of causality between country-level governance indicators (as a component of ESG) and main banking system indicators by relying on a sample of European Union countries that exhibit a temperate climate profile. Granger causality test is used to assess the link between banking system and country governance, in terms of a cause-effect framework. The findings show that the influence of country governance performance on banking activity is most pronounced in Belgium, Portugal, and Spain while in the Netherlands, France, Greece, and Italy the interplay is relatively balanced. Banking system indicators that appear to precede changes in governance ones in most countries are related to bank credit to bank deposits, bank deposits to GDP, and bank non-performing loans to gross loans. Bilateral causality is present mostly in Greece and Spain, the control of corruption and bank non-performing loans being the variables most often included in the causal link.