bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enjeux de gouvernance locale autour de la potabilisation des eaux du fleuve Sénégal et des réseaux de distribution multi-villages. Enseignements du programme « Aicha » dans le Trarza
Authors: David Frédéric , Le Jeune Thomas
Published: May 2022

Le long du fleuve Sénégal, depuis son embouchure et sur des centaines de kilomètres en amont, l’eau du fleuve est l’unique source d’eau potable pour une partie des populations riveraines, du fait de la salinité importante de la nappe phréatique. Cet usage direct des eaux de surface n’est pas sans conséquence sanitaire pour ces populations. Dans le cadre du programme Aicha mis en œuvre depuis 2008, le Gret et ses partenaires accompagnent les acteurs locaux pour la planification, la conception, la réalisation et l’organisation de la gestion et du suivi de solutions adaptées d’alimentation en eau potable. Dans les localités de Breun, Dieuk et Tekeche dans la commune de Rosso, le choix technique s’est porté sur la mise en place d’un réseau multi-villages, alimenté par une unité de potabilisation des eaux de surface compacte, simple d’utilisation et réalisable localement. Le texte tente de dresser un bilan après sept années de mise en service de ces réseaux et stations, en mettant en lumière les dynamiques de gouvernance sectorielle qu’ils incarnent, au travers de leur fonctionnement et usage, des interactions entre les parties prenantes et de leurs enjeux économiques.
Un partenariat multi-acteurs innovant pour une gestion durable de l’approvisionnement en eau potable de Nouakchott
Authors: Moulaye Ahmed Cherif Saleck , Wietlisbach Stéphanie
Published: May 2022

La question de l’eau potable à Nouakchott constitue une préoccupation majeure pour les pouvoirs publics centraux et locaux depuis très longtemps. Certes, le Projet Aftout Essahli réalisé en 2010 achemine quotidiennement une quantité d’eau théoriquement suffisante du fleuve Sénégal à la ville de Nouakchott. Cependant, la vétusté de l’ancien réseau rend la distribution de cette quantité d’eau limitée voire impossible. À cet effet, le besoin à renouveler l’ancien réseau et couvrir les nouvelles extensions de la ville est devenu pressant. C’est dans ce cadre que la Communauté Urbaine de Nouakchott a développé, autour de cette question un partenariat multi-acteurs entre la ville de Lausanne et 18 communes suisses romandes d’une part et la Région Île-de-France d’autre part. L’objectif de ce partenariat est d’améliorer l’accès des populations périphériques à l’eau, renforcer les capacités de gestion des acteurs de l’eau et assurer la durabilité des actions réalisées.
Vivre avec la Russie ?
Authors: de Lara Philippe
Published: May 2022

La Russie de Vladimir Poutine est engagée dans une confrontation majeure non seulement avec l’Ukraine, mais aussi avec les pays se réclamant de la démocratie et de l’Occident. Ceux-ci n’ont pas vu, ou voulu voir, les évolutions du régime totalitaire de Poutine aux ambitions impérialistes.
Les Balkans occidentaux et la sécurité de l’Europe : enjeux et réponses des Européens
Authors: Vasak Christina
Published: May 2022

Trente ans après le délitement de la Yougoslavie, l’Europe s’y est beaucoup investie et reste active en s’efforçant de développer des instruments efficaces, permettant de contrer les tentations nationalistes. La crise en Ukraine a accéléré cette nécessité pour préserver une paix qui reste fragile.
La guerre en Ukraine a accru les divisions dans les Balkans
Authors: Cady Jean-Christian
Published: May 2022

Les fractures se sont accrues dans les Balkans avec la guerre en Ukraine. Certains États ont fait le choix de soutenir Kiev tandis que d’autres, comme la Serbie, restent attachés à conserver des liens étroits avec la Russie au nom de l’unité slave. Cela oblige l’Europe à s’intéresser davantage à cette région déjà fragile.
Asymptotically autonomous dynamics for non-autonomous stochastic $ g $-Navier-Stokes equation with additive noise
Authors: Li Fuzhi , Xu Dongmei
Published: May 2022

Both sufficient and necessary criteria for the existence of a bi-parametric attractor which attaches with forward compactness is established. Meanwhile, we prove that, under certain conditions, the components of the random attractor of a non-autonomous dynamical system can converge in time to those of the random attractor of the limiting autonomous dynamical system. As an application of the abstract theory, we show that the non-autonomous stochastic \begin{document}$ g $\end{document}-Navier-Stokes (g-NS) equation possesses a forward compact random attractor such that it is forward asymptotically autonomous to a random attractor of the autonomous g-NS equation.
On the fractional chemotaxis Navier-Stokes system in the critical spaces
Authors: Azevedo Joelma , Cuevas Claudio , Dantas Jarbas , Silva Clessius
Published: May 2022

We consider the fractional chemotaxis Navier-Stokes equations which are the fractional Keller-Segel model coupled with the Navier-Stokes fluid in the whole space, and prove the existence of global mild solutions with the small critical initial data in Besov-Morrey spaces. Our results enable us to obtain the self-similar solutions provided the initial data are homogeneous functions with small norms and considering the case of chemical attractant without degradation rate. Moreover, we show the asymptotic stability of solutions as the time goes to infinity and obtain a class of asymptotically self-similar ones.
Volatility spillovers among MIST stock markets
Authors: Sevinç Deniz
Published: May 2022

This paper examines the effects of volatility spillover between MIST stock markets. We used daily data from January 3, 2012, to November 16, 2021, and the test of causality in variance, including structural breaks. First, we observed no structural break for Turkey and Indonesia, but there is a structural break in each South Korean and Mexican stock markets. A structural break is found for Mexico the day, aka "El Betito" was arrested. Likewise, we detected a structural break on the first day of the Covid-19 case for South Korea. We surprisingly observed that Covid-19 did not cause a structural break in these markets during the period analyzed, except in South Korea. GARCH (1, 1) models, including structural breaks, show that all series are temporarily and permanently affected by their own shocks. The causality in variance test reveals that MIST countries have volatility spillover effects on each other. There is bidirectional causality in variance between all markets, except South Korea and Mexico. The Mexican stock market is a volatility transmitter for South Korea, but vice versa. The paper indicates a connection in terms of the financial markets of MIST countries, and they are affected by each other's shocks, according to the study results.
Comparison of some schemes for determining the optimal number of rain gauges in a specific area: A case study in an urban area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Sunusi Nurtiti , Giarno
Published: May 2022

Improving the accuracy of rainfall forecasts is related to the number of rain gauges needed in an area, so determining the optimal number of rain gauges is very important. This study aimed to determine the best method for calculating the optimal number of rain gauges. Generally, the calculation of the optimal number of rain gauges using the coefficient of variation only takes into account the accumulation of rainfall at the station. The distance between the location and height of the rain gauge is not taken into account. The phenomenon of rain that occurs in the tropics is very dynamic, where one place compared to another tends to have different rain intensity and duration. In addition, the height and distance factors also greatly affect the measured rainfall. Therefore, it is very important to know the best method to calculate the optimal number of rain gauges needed in a particular area. This study implements 3 methods to determine the appropriate method to be used in determining the optimal rain gauge number for urban areas: namely, World Meteorological Organization (WMO) criteria, coefficient of variation, and Kagan-Rodda. In this study, rainfall data from 2010 to 2019 at 5 locations in Makassar were used in calculating the optimal number of rain gauges required. The results showed that the optimal number of rain gauges in Makassar as an urban area following the WMO recommendation was 9–18, where small islands around it are not considered. Another result obtained is that if the rainfall data for the Sudiang area, which is located at the coordinates (119.522° E, 5.085° S), is not included in the calculation, it will greatly reduce the accuracy in determining the optimal number of rain gauges in the Makassar area.
Link importance assessment strategy based on improved $ k $-core decomposition in complex networks
Authors: Zhang Yongheng , Lu Yuliang , Yang GuoZheng
Published: May 2022

Improving the effectiveness of target link importance assessment strategy has become an important research direction within the field of complex networks today. The reasearch shows that the link importance assessment strategy based on betweenness centrality is the current optimal solution, but its high computational complexity makes it difficult to meet the application requirements of large-scale networks. The $ k $-core decomposition method, as a theoretical tool that can effectively analyze and characterize the topological properties of complex networks and systems, has been introduced to facilitate the generation of link importance assessment strategy and, based on this, a link importance assessment indicator link shell has been developed. The strategy achieves better results in numerical simulations. In this study, we incorporated topological overlap theory to further optimize the attack effect and propose a new link importance assessment indicator link topological shell called $ t $-$ shell $. Simulations using real world networks and scale-free networks show that $ t $-$ shell $ based target link importance assessment strategies perform better than $ shell $ based strategies without increasing the computational complexity; this can provide new ideas for the study of large-scale network destruction strategies.
A machine learning approach to enhance the SUPG stabilization method for advection-dominated differential problems
Authors: Tassi Tommaso , Zingaro Alberto , Dede' Luca
Published: May 2022

We propose using machine learning and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to enhance residual-based stabilization methods for advection-dominated differential problems. Specifically, in the context of the finite element method, we consider the streamline upwind Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) stabilization method and we employ ANNs to optimally choose the stabilization parameter on which the method relies. We generate our dataset by solving optimization problems to find the optimal stabilization parameters that minimize the distances among the numerical and the exact solutions for different data of differential problem and the numerical settings of the finite element method, e.g., mesh size and polynomial degree. The dataset generated is used to train the ANN, and we used the latter "online" to predict the optimal stabilization parameter to be used in the SUPG method for any given numerical setting and problem data. We show, by means of 1D and 2D numerical tests for the advection-dominated differential problem, that our ANN approach yields more accurate solution than using the conventional stabilization parameter for the SUPG method.
Forecasting Preliminary Order Cost to Increase Order Management Performance
Authors: Günsari Tüzin Akçinar , Kaya Aysegül , Ekinci Yeliz
Published: May 2022

In this study, the cost estimation to be used in the optimization of proposed order price offer is made by artificial neural network (ANN) method. A case study is performed by the real data of a company, and the forecast results of the traditional arithmetic model used by the company and the proposed ANN based method are compared and it is seen that the proposed method results outperform the other. The biggest contribution of this study to companies is to increase the company’s order management performance by helping the company to make more accurate pricing due to more accurate cost estimation. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on forecasting preliminary order cost in the apparel industry and fills an important gap in the literature.
Analysing the Effects of Weather Conditions on Container Terminal Operations Using Machine Learning
Authors: Atak Üstün , Kaya Tolga , Arslanoğlu Yasin
Published: May 2022

Container ships transport a large number of valuable cargoes, and there is a demand for less expensive and faster transportation options. Weather, vessel type, and the nature and amount of the goods are all external elements that might impact container handling times, which are directly related to overall port stay time. In this scope, container terminal operations could be optimised with the help of historical data which provides access to classification and prediction of the cargo handling operations. In this study, the real-time data of a container terminal operation is analysed with different machine learning techniques along with the Fuzzy C-Means clustering method. The results show that Fuzzy C-Means clustering has a positive impact on the explanatory power of models in container terminal operations. The research revealed that an increase in wind speed influences cargo handling time for mobile cranes.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Sustainability and Software Performance
Authors: Cirak Koray , Bolat Hur Bersam Sidal
Published: May 2022

Sustainability problems are getting more and more critical and increasingly threatening human life day by day. Software, which is developing rapidly and entering into every aspect of our lives, is one of the most fundamental components of the technological society. The widespread use of software applications and limited natural resources has led researchers to focus on research that will ensure sustainability in the software development process. In this study, we conducted a questionnaire study concerning the sustainability factors that affect the software development process. Then the effect of these factors and the level of education, age, and experience of the people involved in the software development process on the software performance were investigated. As a result, it has been determined that the factors affecting the software development process in terms of sustainability and the descriptive attributes of the individual have an effect on software performance.
Development of a Diabetes Diagnosis System Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Chang Victor , Kandadai Keerthi , Xu Qianwen Ariel , Guan Steven
Published: May 2022

This paper describes how to develop diabetes diagnosis through the combined use of the support vector machine, the Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, K-nearest and finally, Random Forest (RF) algorithms. These methods are useful to predict diabetes jointly. The appropriateness of ML-depended techniques to tackle this issue has been revealed. This diabetes diagnosis system using machine-learning algorithms is used to review papers. This project was based on developing python-based code for machine learning algorithms to perform large scales of diabetes analysis. The hardware requirement of machine learning is RAM that is 128 GB DDR4 2133 MHz and 2 TB Hard Disk and needs 512 GB SSD. One standard library is NumPy that uses to support multi-dimensional arrays objects, various components, and matrices. The Random Forest Prediction representing the pictorial visualization of the model and the accuracy for the data analysis using the Random Forest is 76%.
Novel Clustering-Based Web Service Recommendation Framework
Authors: Pandharbale Priya Bhaskar , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Jagadev Alok Kumar
Published: May 2022

Normally web services are classified originate in on the quality of service, wherever the term quality is not absolute and it is a relative term. The quality of web services is measured or derived using various parameters like reliability, scalability, flexibility, availability, etc. However, the limitation of these methods is that they are producing similar web services in recommendation lists some times. To address this research problem, the novel improved the Clustering-based web service recommendation method is proposed in this project. This approach is mainly dealing to produce diversity in the results of web service recommendation. In this method, functional interest, QoS preference, and diversity features are combined to produce the unique recommendation list of web services to end-users. To produce the unique recommendation results, we proposed a vary web service classify order that is clustering-based on web services' functional relevance such as non-useful pertinence, recorded client intrigue importance, potential client intrigue significance, etc.
3D MIMO Beamforming Using Spatial Distance SVM Algorithm and Interference Mitigation for 5G Wireless Communication Network
Authors: Yadav Ranjeet , Tripathi Ashutosh
Published: May 2022

In recent decades, Multiple Input Multiple Output beamforming is deliberated as the vital technology enablers for 5G mobile radio services. Since, it provides noticeable improvement regarding throughput and coverage measures in 5G networks. Primarily, executed 3D MIMO beamforming using the modified Support Vector Machine algorithm which forms beam effectually to the users. The interference is mitigated in two stages that are small cell interference and macro cell interference by measuring the interference power from the cells. To provide better security to the data transmitted over Device-to-Device communication, Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm is used. The results attained from the simulations are auspicious in terms of metrics including throughput, Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). From the simulation results, we prove that our ML-3DIM method increases throughput, SINR, SNR by up to 20%, 30% and 35% respectively compared to the existing methods including PABM, ULABM, and NOMA.
Secure Chess-Based Data Exchange and User Validation
Authors: Singh Dushyant , Singh Baldev
Published: May 2022

In each and every organization, data communication is the essential part. On the daily basis, the data is exchanged within the organization as well as outside the organization. The passwords and OTPs play a critical role in securing the data. Now, how long and how well these OTP will work on, will depend on the strength of these passwords and OTPs. In the proposed work, we have used the novel concept of applying the chess game in the process of the OTP or password generation. Here, we have made use of the four-player chess, with the dynamic movement of the Kings, Bishops and other components. The formation of the OTP for the user authentication as well as data sending is done on the basis of the movement of the moveable objects of the chess. For testing the strength of the pattern, we have tested it using the various entropy checking tools and the results are quite satisfactory comparing to the results of the other.
Smart Classroom College English Listening Teaching System Based on Virtual Environment Technology
Authors: Wei Lu , Liu Binquan
Published: May 2022

This article mainly studies the design and realization of English listening teaching system based on virtual environment technology. This paper designs and builds a virtual experimental operating platform to assist students in experimental learning. At the same time, according to database design methods, steps and database specifications, the database is designed, functional modules are divided, and the main interface of system operation is introduced in detail. The system adopts B/S architecture, interacts with the server through the browser, and the computing and processing functions are mainly completed by the server. This system uses black box testing to test and verify system functions. Complete the performance test of the system by checking the monitoring points in the performance test cases. Experimental data shows that more than 70% of students believe that they can learn and read English independently in the Cypris Club virtual language learning community.
Are platelets more than a model of brain neurons?
Authors: Canobbio Ilaria , Barbieri Silvia Stella
Published: May 2022

For many years, the brain was considered as a closed system protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), where only the hormones produced by the body can mediate the interplay between the brain and the blood. Indeed, hormones, crossing the BBB and binding to specific receptors on the brain cells, regulates neuronal and synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis [...].
Ozone for the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders
Authors: Torres-Rosas Rafael , Marcela Castro-Gutiérrez María Eugenia , Flores-Mejía Luis Angel , Torres-Rosas Eduardo Ulises , Nieto-García Roberto Miguel , Argueta-Figueroa Liliana
Published: May 2022

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) generate pain and difficulties for mouth opening affecting the patients’ quality of life. Ozone is an emerging therapy that has been proposed as a potential treatment, due to that, the evidence about its efficacy should be reviewed. Therefore, this work aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review to address the efficacy of ozone therapy for the treatment of pain and limited mouth opening in patients with TMD. The design of the included studies was clinical trials and observational studies, whereas, a series of cases, in vivo, and in vitro studies were excluded. The search was performed in PubMed, ClinicalTrials, Web of Science, and Scopus. Gray literature was searched at Google Scholar. Relevant data of all included studies were recorded. The risk of bias (using RoB 2) and the quality (using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) assessments were carried out. Meta-analyses using random-effects models of pain and maximal mouth opening data were performed. This review included 8 studies with 404 participants suffering limited function and pain related to TMD. At the overall bias of the studies, 25% exhibited some concerns and 75% had high risk; and the quality of the studies was low. The analysis of the included studies suggests that ozone therapy can diminish pain and improve the maximal mouth opening in TMD patients. However, there is no conclusive evidence of ozone therapy as a superior treatment for TMD compared with occlusal splint and pharmacotherapy.
Vascular effects of continuous hyperbaric oxygen exposure
Authors: Yavuz Celal , Karahan Oguz , Akkaya Özgür
Published: May 2022

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment aims to restore tissue oxygenation by inhaling 100% oxygen in pressure rooms. Although beneficial effects have been reported with regard to re-oxygenated ischemic tissues, conflicting findings have been presented concerning the paradoxical tissue response following reperfusion and/or the different responses of non-ischemic normal tissues to increased oxygen exposure. The present study sought to experimentally investigate the impact of continuous HBO treatments on normal aortic tissue. New Zealand rabbits were placed in pressure rooms for 90 minutes per day under 2.5 atmospheric pressure and exposed to HBO for 28 days. Normal structural histology was obtained in the control group. Foam cells were detected in the aortic intimae, thickening and undulation were visualized in the endothelium, and localized separations were observed in the tunica media in the study group compared with the control group. Moreover, salient vasa vasorum was detected in the study group via histopathology. These findings suggest that continuous HBO exposures disrupt the normal vascular structure of a healthy aorta.
Relationship of E-cadherin, Beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1 and αSMA as Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition markers with prognostic factors in early and advanced stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Kucuk Ulku , Ekmekci Sumeyye , Talu Canan K. , Pekcevik Yeliz , Cukurova Ibrahim
Published: May 2022

Aims:

To investigate the relationship between E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1, and αSMA as epithelial-mesenchymal transformation markers with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and overall survival (OS) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCC).

Materials and Methods:

A total of 100 cases diagnosed with LSCC were included in the study. Data about the lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), necrosis, and LNM were recorded by evaluating hematoxylin-eosin–stained slides. Markers of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, ZEB1, and αSMA were applied to the sections prepared from paraffin blocks of tumor samples.

Results:

Ninety-five male and five female patients were included in the study, and 38 of them exited. A significant relationship was observed between OS with advanced tumor stage, presence of LNM and PNI. A significant relationship was found between increased tumor Zeb1 expression and advanced tumor stage. In univariate and multivariate analyses, a significant negative relationship with OS, and increased Zeb1 expression in tumor and tumor stroma was seen. Any relationship was not observed between E-cadherin, beta-catenin, N-cadherin, and αSMA and OS.

Conclusion:

Among the EMT markers, we evaluated in our study, it was seen that Zeb1, which is an EMT transcription factor, is associated with tumor stage, LNM, and OS. Remarkably, Zeb1 expression observed in tumor stroma was also significant for OS. Any similar data reported for LSCCs have not been encountered in the literature, and it was thought that it would be appropriate to support our findings with further studies to be performed on this subject.
A Critical Review of Interventional Treatments for Myofascial Pelvic Pain
Authors: Lin Aaron , Abbas Hadeer , Sultan Maryam , Tzeng Tony
Published: May 2022

Chronic pelvic pain affects between 6% and 25% of women. It is a complex condition that has multifactorial etiologies, including but not limited to conditions arising from the gynecologic, urologic, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, neurologic, and psychologic systems. In this literature review, we examine and summarize evidence for interventional treatments compared to conservative treatments for women with musculoskeletal or myofascial pelvic pain. Searches were performed in PubMed and Embase databases. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials with a treatment arm of physical therapy, dry needling, trigger point injection (TPI), or injection with botulinum toxin. A total of 106 studies were returned with our search terms, and six articles were included in this review. These studies suggest that pelvic floor physical therapy, dry needling of abdominal wall trigger points, and TPI to abdominal wall and pelvic floor trigger points have some evidence as being effective for treatment of pelvic pain. The evidence for treatment with botulinum toxin was not as robust and also had higher rates of adverse events when compared to other interventions. Most of these studies are limited by small sample sizes and varied baseline demographics, which makes generalization of these findings to different patient populations difficult. In general, treatments for myofascial pelvic pain are low-risk and are effective in reducing myofascial pelvic pain.
Use of Khat and associated substances during COVID-19 pandemic: Potential adverse consequences
Authors: Abebe Worku
Published: May 2022

The epidemic of COVID-19 has become a major public health challenge globally. There are concerns that an increased number of individuals who abuse substances could encounter greater risks of experiencing the effects of COVID-19. The present paper reviews the potential health risks that can be associated with using the commonly abused stimulant plant, khat and associated substances during the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature indicates that khat chewing, as practiced by most chewers, can facilitate SARS-CoV-2 virus transmission and spread. Chewers with compromised health due to khat could be at greater risks of being affected by COVID-19, and these effects may include worsening of respiratory, cardiovascular, CNS, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, hemostatic and immune dysfunctions. Furthermore, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking in association with khat use has the potential to intensify most of these disorders. The review suggests that healthcare providers and khat chewers should take appropriate precautionary measures when khat and/or the associated substances are used during COVID-19 epidemic. The research community should also conduct further studies to provide additional and more specific information on the topic.
Personal variables and attitude of youths to Lassa fever preventive practices in Bwari area Council Abuja, Nigeria: Counselling implications
Authors: Denwigwe Chiaka Patience , Ngwu Maria E.
Published: May 2022

The study investigated the influence of personal variables on the attitude of Youths in Bwari Area Council Abuja, Nigeria to Lassa fever preventive practices. The study used the descriptive survey design. Using the snowball sampling technique proposed by Jones (1997) and used by Denwigwe and Ezekwe (2017), a sample of 200 youths was selected from the study area. Four hypotheses were formulated for the study and tested at 0.05 level of significance. A researcher-made questionnaire known as the personal variables and attitude to Lassa fever preventive practices questionnaire (PVALPPQ) was used as the instrument for data collection. The population t-test and independent t-test were the statistical techniques for data analysis. Findings revealed that the attitude of youths in Bwari Area Council Abuja, Nigeria to Lassa fever preventive practices was negative, gender did not significantly influence youth’s attitude while youths’ education status and family type influenced youths’ attitude to Lassa fever preventive practices. Recommendations were stated such as counselling youths on the strategies for Lassa fever disease prevention
Environmental variables and academic performance of junior secondary school student’s in basic science in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Igwebuike Osedumme , Okri John Arikpo , Obi Joy Joseph
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this paper was to evaluate the extent to which Environmental variables influences secondary school students’ academic performance in Basic Science in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State. To achieve the purpose of this study, two research questions were posed and two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at .05 level of significance. Review of literature was carried out according to the sub-variables of the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey design. The population of the study is restricted to all junior secondary three (JSS 3) students in Calabar south L.G.A. of Cross River State with a population of 1830, comprising of 912 males and 918 females respectively. The instrument was “Basic Science Performance Test (BSPT)”. Face and content validity of the instrument was done by the supervisors and three experts in Test and Measurement Department Faculty of Education University of Calabar. Kuder Richardson formula 20. (KR-20) was used to determine the reliability of the instruments. From the administered test (BSPT), data was organized and analysed using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings of the study revealed that the two environmental variables used in the study significantly influences secondary school student’s academic performance in Basic Science in Calabar South Local Government Area of Cross River State. The researcher recommends among other things that, the government should make science education free to motivate people to go into sciences discipline which is the bedrock of every economy.
Partial replacement of maize meal with high-tannin sorghum meal affects finishing and methane emissions of Pedi goats
Authors: Mavasa N.O. , Ng’ambi J.W. , Chitura T.
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of replacing maize meal with Sorghum vulgare meal, a high-tannin sorghum meal, in fattening  diets on bodyweight and methane emissions by yearling male Pedi goats. A total of 12 yearling male Pedi goats with an average initial liveweight of  14 ± 1 kg were randomly  assigned to a complete randomized design with four treatments, which were formulated such that 0%, 10%,  20% and  30% of the maize meal was replaced with Sorghum vulgare meal. The experiment was conducted  over 28 days, with 21 days adaptation, followed  by seven days for sample collection. Replacing maize meal  with sorghum did not produce detectable (P >0.05) effects on bodyweight and live  weight gain. The various replacement levels of sorghum meal had no detectable effects on the blood cell profile of Pedi goats either.  However, they  reduced methane emission and improved feed conversion ratio (P <0.05), which allowed for  an approximation of the feed required by growing  goats. These findings may assist farmers in selecting and  utilizing the right feeds to maximize profitability in the small-stock farming sector.
Feeding Nigella sativa oil to broilers affects their performance, serum constituents and cecum microbiota
Authors: Saied A.M. , Attia A.I. , El-Kholy M.S. , EL Nagar A.G. , Reda F.M.
Published: May 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of supplementation of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) as a growth promoter in broiler diets. A total of 300 unsexed one-day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups (60 chicks/group). Each group was divided into five replicates with 12 chicks per replicate. Group 1 was fed on the basal diet with no additives (control). Group 2 was fed the basal diet supplemented with oxytetracycline (OTC) at the level of 50 ppm. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm NSO, respectively. Birds fed on 1500 ppm NSO diet showed the heaviest body weight at 14, 28 and 42 days of age. Feed conversion ratio was significantly improved at all ages with the inclusions of OTC and NSO generally superior to the control group. The relative weight of spleen was increased significantly by the addition of NSO at various levels. However, relative weights of thymus and bursa were not altered by the treatments. Total bacterial count, total yeast and moulds count, E. coli and salmonella spp. counts were reduced significantly, whereas the total lactic acid bacteria count was increased in OTC and NSO groups compared with control. Nigella sativa oil could be used in broiler chicken feeds as a natural alternative to antibiotic growth promoters to improve gut health and consequently growth performance.
User resistance in post enterprise resource planning implementation phase
Authors: Temtim Assefa Temtim Assefa
Published: May 2022

User resistance in post Enterprise Resource Planning (erp) implementation phase is one of the main causes for failure of erp systems. Existing research identified different factors that cause erp failure in the post erp implementation phase. However, existing research is fragmented without strong theoretical base. The main objective of this study is to identify factors that cause user resistance in the post erp implementation phase using innovation resistance theory as a theoretical lens. The study used causal research design as a research method. Data was collected using Google’s online form. The empirical data from this research revealed that risk barriers and usability barriers as main factors that increase user resistance in the post erp implementation phase. The research also developed and validated data collection instruments to use innovation resistance theory for empirical investigation of user resistance in the post erp implementation phase for other researchers. It has also practical implication for managers what intervention to undertake so as to increase success of erp system implementation.
In vitro evaluation of marker assisted conversion of adapted sorghum varieties into Striga hermonthica resistant versions
Authors: Teklay Abebe Teklay Abebe , Belay Gurja , Tadesse Taye , Keneni Gemechu
Published: May 2022

Striga has long been recognized to infest staple food crops like sorghum in Ethiopia. This study was designed to introgress Striga-resistance genes into popular and farmer-preferred varieties through marker-assisted backcrossing and to assess resistance based on Striga germination stimulant activity inagar-gel assay (aga). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with four replications. Genotypes performance, heritability and genetic advance were analyzed and Germination rate was measured. The progeny showed significant genetic variation for maximum germination distance (mgd), germination rate (gr), and germination index (gi). The mean mgd ranged from 0.0 mm to 29.45 mm and gr ranged from 0.0% to 72.38%.Of the 118 backcrossed lines, 22.9% showed less than 10 mm of mgd and gr of <30%, revealing provision of low germination stimulant/strigolactones production (lgs). There were significant positive (r = 0.4-0.81) correlations showing the roles of these parameters as selection criteria in breeding for resistance. The existence of higher heritability (h2b = 77-83%) and genetic advance (ga = 62-93%) for the germination parameters indicated possibilities for improving resistance against Striga through selection. Genotypes that carry different qtls showed different capacity of producing Striga germination stimulants in the aga. The combined effect of two qtls (lgs2_SBI-05_60404021 and lgs_3_60629027) at a time showed lower Striga germination stimulant activity and better field resistance indicating existence of possible cumulative effects. Thus, the study showed that marker-assisted backcrossing for transfer of lgs qtls from donor into popular and farmers preferred cultivars has the potential to enhance tolerance/resistance to Striga in sorghum.
Zagraniczne migracje mieszkańców województwa podlaskiego w latach 1980–1989 w świetle wyników badania retrospektywnego
Authors: Dziekońska Małgorzata
Published: May 2022

Szlaki migracyjne z terenów obecnego województwa podlaskiego prowadzą za ocean i do krajów europejskich, w tym za wschodnią granicę kraju. W tekście zostały zaprezentowane najważniejsze wyniki badania retrospektywnego z mieszkańcami województwa podlaskiego, którzy w latach 80. XX wieku podejmowali migracje zagraniczne. Celem badania było uzupełnienie stanu wiedzy na temat przemieszczeń międzynarodowych z regionu, pogłębienie ich charakterystyki, ale też spojrzenie na ich konsekwencje w perspektywie długoterminowej. W badaniu zastosowano metodę ilościową i jakościową. Uczestnikami byli mieszkańcy województwa, którzy w latach 1980 doświadczyli migracji bezpośrednio – jako migranci lub pośrednio – jako członkowie rodziny migranta. Wyniki uzyskane w grupie migrantów są omówione w tekście. Oprócz wskazania głównych kierunków i celów migracji zagranicznych, wyniki badania pozwoliły ustalić, że w badanym okresie 7 na 10 badanych osób miało bezpośrednie doświadczenia migracji zagranicznej, oraz potwierdzić dotychczasowe założenia o dominacji migracji czasowych nad długoterminowymi w badanym okresie. Do ważnych wniosków należy ten, że migracje lat 1980 z województwa podlaskiego, mimo że nie przełożyły się wyraźnie na ekonomiczny rozwój miejscowości wysyłających, poprzez możliwość doświadczania innej rzeczywistości, tak za zachodnią, jak i za wschodnią granicą Polski, wzbudzały w migrantach pragnienie i gotowość do zmiany. Migration routes from the present Podlaskie region lead to North America and European countries, including those beyond the country’s eastern border. The text presents the most important results of the retrospective study with the inhabitants of the region who migrated internationally in the 1980s. The aim of the study was to add to the present knowledge on international migration from this area and complement its characteristics, as well as to see its results from the long-term perspective. In the study quantitative and qualitative methods were applied. The participants were the inhabitants of the Podlaskie region who in the 1980s experienced migration directly – as migrants, or indirectly – as members of migrants’ families. Results for the migrants are discussed in the text. In addition to indicating the main directions and goals of the international migration, the findings of the study allowed the author to establish that in the analyzed period 7 out of 10 respondents directly experienced international migration, and to confirm the existing assumptions about the domination of temporary over long-term migration at that time. The conclusions are also that migration of the 1980s from the Podlaskie region did not effectively translate into economic development of the region, nevertheless, the possibility of experiencing different realities in the countries beyond the western as well as the eastern Polish borders aroused in the migrants desire and readiness for change.
The effect of media ion and nitrogen gas dissolved in water on color removal with sonolysis, Fenton and sono-Fenton in the continuous flow ultrasonic reactor
Authors: KARAER ÖZMEN Fadime
Published: May 2022

Ultrasound has been reserced as an alternative technique for color removal methods from water and wastewater. In this study the colar removal from water using sonolysis, Fenton and Sono-Fento was investigated and the effects of power intensity, media ions and nitrojen gas dissolved in water were investigated in model working solution with Basic Red 29 Dye in the continous flow ultasonic reactor. The experimentation was performed at 22 kHz ultrasonic frequency with different power intensity application in the ultrasonic system. The optimum color removal efficiency was achieved with 0.45 W/cm2 power intensity. The color removal efficiency of Basic Red 29 was raised to two times with the coexistent effect of media ions while the media ions and dissolved gas increased four times simultaneusly. To conclude, the color removal efficiency follewed from this order in sonolysis: N2+ SO4-2+ HCO-3+NO3-2 > HCO-3> SO4-2+ HCO-3+NO3-2> SO4-2 >N2> NO3-2. In Fenton process, the effects of Fe+2 and H2O2 concentration on system performance were examined obtaining 89% color removal efficiency by using 20 mg/L Fe+2 and 1000mg/L H2O2. With the hybrid Sono-Fenton process, the required Fe+2 amount decreased by 1/5, when the color removal efficiency increased to 98 % and there is no significant effects of media ions and dissolved gas on Fenton and Sono-Fenton treatment. As a result of toxicity studies, it was seen that the initial toxicity of wastewater decreased with treatment and the Sono-Fenton method was the most effective method on toxicity removal.It was determined that color removal using Sono-Fenton can be accomplished successfully, economicly and environmental friedly.
Sismik Hız İle Boşluk Basıncı İlişkisi: Denizli Havzası Örneği
Authors: GURELİ Orhan
Published: May 2022

Ege bölgesi ve Denizli havzası yüksek sismik aktiviteye ve zengin jeotermal alanlara sahiptir. Ayrıca bölgede yoğun bir deprem etkinliği de gözlenmektedir. Bölgede petrol, gaz ve jeotermal arama ve üretimi için boşluk basıncı hesabı, kaydedilen bu deprem verilerinin analizi ile belirlenen 1-B ve 3-B sismik hızlardan hesaplanabilir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Denizli Havzasının boşluk basıncı literatürdeki mevcut Vp hızları kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar sahada açılmış jeotermal kuyuları ve doğal jeotermal sıcak su çıkışları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırma sonucunda elde edilen bilgilerin kuyu bilgileri ile uyumlu oldukları görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, bu yöntem jeotermal alanlarda sondaj için boşluk basınç bölgelerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılabilir ve kuyu lokasyonunda ek bir bilgi olarak kabul edilebilir.
Hijab and Niqab: A Cross-Religious COVID-19 Safety Measure in Madina Zongo
Authors: Khamis Kauthar
Published: May 2022

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of hijab and niqab (face veil), typically associated with Islamic fundamentalism and banned in some parts of Europe and Africa, have gained currency in multi-religious communities such as Madina Zongo (strangers’ quarters in Hausa) in Accra, Ghana. For some Muslim women in Madina, hijab and niqab appeared to be a perfect replacement for the face mask even without an official statement from medical authorities or state officials on its protective capacity. Wearing these veils allowed them to simultaneously follow their religious tradition and attempt to protect themselves from the disease. Interestingly, some Christian women in the community have also been donning these Muslim veils. Employing Laura Fair’s (2013) proposition that veiling contains a wide range of possible material uses, in this article, I show why and how hijab and niqab are adapted to suit COVID-19 safety measures and appropriated as a face mask by some women in Madina. The chapter also discusses the implications of these innovations in the religiously pluralistic setting of Madina Zongo.
Cultural and Literary Metamorphoses in Nonsense Literature – Journey from Jumblies to Papangul, Gramboolia to Grambhulia
Authors: Sengupta Nabanita
Published: May 2022

The degree of untranslatability depends on the lack of equivalence present in the target language. Translation of nonsense literature poses a huge challenge because of its inherent linguistic and cultural specificity. The following paper looks at Satyajit Ray’s translation of Edward Lear’s nonsense rhymes, in Toray Bandha Ghorar Dim (1986) with particular reference to the ‘Jumblies’ and ‘Dong with a Luminous N ose’. This paper traces the journey of cultural metamorphoses t hat Lear’s poems go through to become presentable to a Bengali reading publi c for whom Ray writes and discusses the strategies unde rtaken by Ray for the purpose.
Science Worksheets for Children in Regional Languages – A Translator’s Perspective
Authors: Dorairajan Uthra , Sambasivam Manikandan
Published: May 2022

The STI Policy (Science, Technology and Innovation Policy) aims to bring about a national-level science movement for popularising science among students and inculcating interest among the masses. This policy outlines strategies to mainstream science communication and public engagement through capacity building avenues, research initiatives and outreach platforms. In order to achieve this and to popularise science amongst students and the general public, reaching them in their regional languages is imperative. Science communication is the art of conveying content to the public, importantly building their trust in science, technology and innovation. Especially in a multilingual country like ours, the challenges to make STI reach everyone needs a futuristic vision with careful planning and execution. In this article, the authors discuss various aspects and their observations from their experience in translating science worksheets into Tamil for children. This paper also discusses the issues where a translator needs to be cautious about the dialects and age- appropriate vocabulary, more so while translating to reach children.