bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of teachers in Korean language instruction in the Edutech era
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Shin Yunkyung
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study explored the changes and prospects of Korean language instruction in the Edutech era, and the direction in which teachers should respond and evolve in the changing educational environment of Edutech. To this end, it proposes the concept of Edutech and changes in Korean language classes, implications for Korean language education and learning in the Edutech era, and the role of teachers in Korean language classes in the Edutech era.
Methods: To this end, we examine the concept of Edutech and previous studies related to innovation in Korean language classes, were examined, and changes in Korean language classes in the Edutech era were explored. In order for Edutech to be applied correctly in schools, teachers in charge of Korean language classes must first have a correct perception and understanding of Edutech, and the role of teachers is important. Through the literature review, a discussion based on the key question of what and how to learn implications for Korean language education and learning in the Edutech era was developed.
Results: In the era of Edutech, the question of ‘how do students learn?’ can be realized in connection with various areas, levels, and contexts of Korean language education. In Korean language classes, teachers should strive to strengthen customized education for learners, expand interactivity that expands the subject and object, connect it with life, and strengthen the totality and practicality of the communication context in the digital technology environment. The suggestions are as follows: first, sharing practical knowledge and abilities for classes utilizing Edutech; second, strengthening ethical and moral judgment abilities and critical thinking abilities outside of the learning aspect; and third, improving the professionalism of Korean language teachers in systems thinking, design thinking, and computational thinking.
Conclusion: Through the role of Korean language teachers in the Edutech era proposed in this study, a discussion based on the key question of what and how to learn implications for Korean language education and learning in the Edutech era was developed.
Effect of Total Mixed Ration Feeding System on Dry Matter Intake, Nutrient Intake, and Onset of Estrus in Growing Dairy Cattle
Authors: Barros Augusto , Gundayo G F , Selvilla C C , Bautista J AN , Dizon J T , Loresco M M , Narag R AB , Angeles A A
Published: February 2025

The objective of the study was to compare the advantages of total mixed ration (TMR) feeding versus component (COMP) feeding concerning dry matter intake (DMI) and nutrient intake in terms of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake, and the onset of estrus.  A total of ten growing Holstein Frisian (HF) x Jersey breeds were randomly assigned to participate in five months of feeding trials at the Dairy Training and Research Institute.  The design structure employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising five blocking factors under two treatment groups.  The TMR and COMP were composed of the same feed ingredients, including corn silage, Napier grass, concentrate mash, mixed legumes, molasses, and iodized salt, and they had the same quantity and nutrient requirements.  The TMR was prepared and mixed in advance, prior to the commencement of the feeding trial. In contrast, the components of the COMP were offered separately to the cattle following the specified feeding schedule.  The data were collected from the daily intake of the rations offered.  The feed refusal was weighed daily before the morning feeding periods, while the body weight gain (BWG) was recorded every two weeks.  While samples of the offered and refused feeds were collected once a week for nutritional analysis, the data were subjected to the ANOVA procedure of SAS Statistical Software.  The results demonstrated that DM, CP, NDF, and ADF intake was higher in the TMR than in the COMP group.  However, the differences in means for BWG, feed conversion ratio, and the onset of estrus were not significantly different.  In conclusion, TMR is expected to be beneficial in raising growing dairy cattle.
Raden Ngabehi Gagak Handaka dan Perjuangannya Sebagai Adipati Terakhir Kadipaten Loano di Purworejo (1755-1836)
Authors: Subakti Dihyal
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Raden Ngabehi Gagak Handaka was the last ruler of Kadipaten Loano in Purworejo. During his reign, he focused on improving the welfare of his people by establishing educational institutions, such as pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) and literacy training centers. His rule coincided with the Java War (Diponegoro War), which impacted Loano. This article aims to explore Gagak Handaka's life, his efforts in promoting education, and his involvement in the Java War. Using a biographical approach and historical research methods (including source collection, verification, interpretation, and historiography), the study reveals that Gagak Handaka was raised in a religious environment and educated by Kiai Ki Kasan Kesambi at Gunung Damar. As ruler, he initiated several educational projects and personally taught his people. During the Java War, Gagak Handaka allied with Prince Diponegoro's forces, defending Loano against the Dutch and their allies. Despite his efforts, the war ended in defeat, marking the fall of Kadipaten Loano. Shortly after, Gagak Handaka passed away.Abstrak: Raden Ngabehi Gagak Handaka merupakan seorang raja/adipati terakhir Kadipaten Loano di Purworejo. Selama berkuasa ada beberapa cara yang ia lakukan untuk mensejahterakan rakyatnya dengan membangun lembaga pendidikan berupa pesantren dan pelatihan baca tulis. Masa kepemimpinanya juga dihadapkan dengan peristiwa besar yaitu Perang Jawa (Perang Diponegoro) yang terjadi di Loano. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan riwayat hidup Gagak Handaka dan upayanya dalam mensejahterakan rakyatnya melalui pendidikan. Selain itu, dijelaskan juga keikutsertaan perjuangan Gagak Handaka pada masa Perang Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan biografi sebagai alat analisis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah yang terdiri dari heuristik (pengumpulan sumber), verifikasi (kritik sumber), interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian yaitu, Gagak Handaka merupakan seorang putra mahkota di Kadipaten Loano dan berada di lingkungan yang agamis. Pada masa mudanya dididik oleh Kiai Ki Kasan Kesambi di perguruan Gunung Damar. Ketika dinobatkan menjadi penguasa Kadipaten Loano, Gagak Handaka membuat beberapa tempat pendidikan bagi warganya sekaligus ia mengajar secara langsung. Menjelang akhir kekuasaannya, Gagak Handaka dihadapkan dengan Perang Diponegoro yang awal mulanya meletus di Yogyakarta dan akhirnya melebar ke Kadipaten Loano. Sebagai penguasa Loano, Gagak Handaka bergabung ke pasukan Diponegoro dan ikut berjuang untuk mempertahankan Loano dari serangan kolonial Belanda dan para sekutunya. Namun, dalam perang tersebut berakhir mengalami kekalahan yang sekaligus menjadi tanda keruntuhan Kadipaten Loano, dan tidak lama setelah kejadian itu Gagak Handaka wafat.
Técnica normativa y Consejo de Estado
Authors: Rodríguez Giménez Cristóbal
Published: February 2025

Esta obra contiene una selección de fragmentos de dictámenes del Consejo de Estado emitidos entre 2021 y 2023 que es ilustrativa de la doctrina del Alto Cuerpo Consultivo sobre los principales aspectos de técnica normativa que suscitan los proyectos de disposiciones generales que le son sometidos a consulta.

La sistemática de la obra sigue, en la medida de lo posible, la sistemática de los dictámenes del Consejo de Estado. El primer apartado incluye extractos de dictámenes que versan sobre el título competencial invocado por el proyecto normativo sometido a consulta, la habilitación normativa en virtud de la cual se pretende dictar y el rango elegido para el proyecto en cuestión. El segundo apartado recoge la doctrina del Consejo de Estado sobre el Gobierno en funciones. El tercero contiene fragmentos de dictámenes que se pronuncian sobre diversas cuestiones relativas al procedimiento de elaboración de las normas, desde el trámite de consulta pública hasta los informes preceptivos, pasando por las memorias de análisis de impacto normativo. El cuarto apartado contiene observaciones incluidas en los dictámenes sobre distintos aspectos de técnica normativa en sentido estricto, desde la configuración de los textos normativos hasta la transposición de directivas, pasando por las particularidades en la modificación de las normas de diverso rango. El quinto recoge una serie de observaciones de distinta índole que el Consejo de Estado suele hacer en relación con el título, la parte expositiva, la parte dispositiva y las disposiciones de los proyectos normativos que le son sometidos a consulta, así como determinadas observaciones formales especialmente recurrentes. Finalmente, se incluye una selección de dictámenes sobre la competencia del Consejo de Estado, el carácter de su dictamen y otros aspectos relevantes de la consulta al Consejo de Estado.

Los objetivos de esta obra son dar a conocer dicha doctrina, de forma accesible y sistematizada, a quienes participan en el procedimiento de elaboración de los proyectos normativos, constituir una guía de consulta a la que se recurra para resolver las dudas que en esta materia puedan surgir y, a través de ello, mejorar la calidad de las normas que integran nuestro ordenamiento jurídico y contribuir a la plena vigencia del principio de seguridad jurídica.
Identificación biométrica en la justicia penal
Authors: Iglesias Canle Inés C.
Published: February 2025

El futuro de la Inteligencia Artificial es incierto, pero su potencial es indiscutible. Pero es preciso que a medida que avanzamos hacia un mundo cada vez más automatizado, adoptemos un enfoque más reflexivo, ético y responsable. Solo a través de un marco ético sólido podremos aprovechar plenamente las oportunidades que ofrece la Inteligencia Artificial, minimizando al mismo tiempo sus riesgos, pero ello exige una concienciación de todos, particularmente de los gobiernos que no deben olvidar los riesgos que comportan estos mecanismos de toma de decisión automatizados y deben por tanto prever sistemas de corrección en la línea preconizada por el legislador europeo.

Sin duda la Justicia y la Policía predictivas son dos de los ámbitos en los que la Inteligencia Artificial y el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos (big data) están empezando a tener un impacto significativo en los sistemas judiciales y de seguridad, con luces y sombras en cuanto a la tutela de los derechos fundamentales y libertades públicas, con especial afectación del derecho a la intimidad y privacidad de los arts. 6.1 CEDH (derecho a un juicio justo) y art. 8 CEDH y de los arts. 18.1 y 4 CE y 24.1 y 2 CE, respectivamente. Al margen de los riesgos y la negativa consiguiente de adoptar formas tan extremas que supongan la sustitución del juez por la máquina, sí hay ventajas que nos orientan en el sentido de permitir y facilitar la introducción de sistemas de Inteligencia Artificial en el proceso penal. De todo ello nos ocupamos en la presente obra, que sometemos a la consideración de la comunidad científica, fruto de la colaboración con prestigiosas instituciones internacionales.
Libro de Actas del III Congreso Internacional de Diversidad Sexual y Género en la Educación, la Filología y las Artes y del I Congreso Internacional de Diversidad Sexual y Género en la Psicología
Authors: Sánchez Torrejón Begoña , Rivera Mera Cristóbal , Torres Fernández Cristóbal , Zayas García Antonio
Published: February 2025

Este libro reúne las aportaciones científicas derivadas de la celebración del III Congreso Internacional de Diversidad Sexual y Género en la Educación, la Filología y las Artes, y del I Congreso Internacional de Diversidad Sexual y Género en la Psicología. Estas contribuciones se centran en el estudio y la promoción de la diversidad sexogenérica desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar e interseccional, abordando las múltiples dimensiones de la diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género en contextos educativos, culturales, artísticos y psicológicos. Celebrados entre el 29 de noviembre y el 2 de diciembre de 2023 en formato híbrido, presencial y virtual, estos eventos contaron con una notable participación de investigadores, docentes, profesionales y activistas de diferentes países, quienes enriquecieron el diálogo global con sus perspectivas y experiencias, creando un espacio único para el intercambio de ideas, metodologías y propuestas transformadoras.

La obra recoge los resúmenes de las ponencias y comunicaciones arbitradas por el Comité Científico, organizados en cuatro grandes líneas temáticas: Educación, Filología, Artes y Psicología. A través de estas áreas, se exploran cuestiones clave como la inclusión educativa, los derechos del colectivo LGTBIQ+, la representación de la diversidad sexual y de género en las manifestaciones artísticas y literarias, y los desafíos contemporáneos en la atención a la salud mental y emocional de las personas diversas. Desde el análisis de políticas públicas y la visibilización del colectivo en las aulas hasta la lucha contra la LGTBIQ+-fobia en espacios digitales, este libro ofrece un panorama exhaustivo sobre los avances logrados y los retos pendientes en la construcción de sociedades más equitativas y libres de discriminación.

El compromiso de los autores y organizadores es claro y contundente: contribuir a la creación de una sociedad más inclusiva, equitativa y respetuosa. Este libro no solo es un testimonio de los debates y reflexiones que surgieron durante los congresos, sino también una herramienta para inspirar nuevas investigaciones y acciones que impulsen cambios reales y sostenibles. En un contexto global donde los discursos de odio y las dinámicas de exclusión aún prevalecen, esta publicación se erige como una invitación a la acción colectiva, recordando la importancia de fomentar la igualdad, el respeto y la dignidad de todas las personas. Es, sin duda, una obra imprescindible para académicos, educadores, profesionales y activistas que trabajan incansablemente en favor de la diversidad y la justicia social.
Risky Sexual Behavior Among Foster Care Adolescents: A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective
Authors: Hariadi Febri , Puspita Alda Tiara , Daud Muhammad Muzhaffar , Fieldhathama Fedhilla , Kusumawati Aditya
Published: February 2025

Background: Previous studies have shown that 3.6% of male adolescents in Indonesia have engaged in sexual intercourse, with permissive neglectful parenting identified as a significant contributing factor. Many children in Indonesia grow up without adequate parental care, leading to the establishment of nonprofit social organizations such as SOS Children's Village Semarang. This study aims to identify the factors contributing to risky sexual behavior among foster care adolescents at SOS Children's Village Semarang using the framework of social cognitive theory.Method: This study employed a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires, followed by qualitative data collection through observations and in-depth interviews. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the quantitative data, while content analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data.Result: This study found that personal factors, including knowledge, attitudes, and expectations, along with environmental factors such as social norms and peer group influence, significantly contribute to risky sexual behavior among foster care adolescents. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive interventions involving foster parents, orphanage staff, and peers to improve adolescents' understanding of sexual risks, promote positive attitudes toward sexuality, and strengthen their ability to resist negative peer pressures.
3D quadratic ODE systems with hidden oscillations
Authors: Li Yongjun , Musafirov Eduard , Grin Alexander , Pranevich Andrei
Published: February 2025

An autonomous three-dimensional quadratic system of ordinary differential equations with two parameters is considered. This system exhibits hidden oscillations at certain parameter values (it has a limit cycle, but does not have equilibrium points). We are looking for non-autonomous perturbations of this autonomous system that do not change the Mironenko reflecting function. Such so-called admissible perturbations preserve some qualitative properties of the solutions of the original system. For perturbed non-autonomous systems, we derived the Lyapunov stability of equilibrium solutions, proved the existence of the limit cycle and periodic solutions, as well as their stability (instability).
Ellagic acid mitigates alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate-induced cholestasis in rats via FXR activation and inflammatory pathway modulation
Authors: Ahmed Taher Hamza , Zalzala Munaf Hashim
Published: February 2025

Objectives

The liver is vital for metabolism, detoxification, storage, and secretion. Cholestasis, in which bile flow is hindered, can cause serious harm to the liver. This study examines the potential of ellagic acid to prevent cholestasis in male rats that has been caused by alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT).

Method

Male rats were divided into four groups for an 8-day study. The control group received 5 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) orally for eight days and maize oil (1 mL/kg, orally) 48 h before sacrifice. The ANIT Group received 5 % DMSO orally for 8 days, the ANIT (100 mg/kg, orally) administered on the 6th day, 48 h before sacrifice. The low-Dose Ellagic Acid + ANIT Group was given ellagic acid (5 mg/kg, orally) for eight days, with ANIT (100 mg/kg, orally) on the 6th day, 48 h prior to sacrifice. The high-Dose Ellagic Acid + ANIT Group received ellagic acid (10 mg/kg, orally) for eight days, the ANIT (100 mg/kg, orally) on the 6th day, 48 h before sacrifice. Different biochemical and histopathological analyses were conducted to assess the protective effects of ellagic acid on ANIT-induced liver injury.

Results

ANIT significantly elevated serum of liver enzymes. It caused severe bile duct inflammation and reduced bile salt export pump (BSEP) and Na+-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) expression, indicating liver injury. Ellagic acid treatment mitigated these changes, improving biochemical parameters and reducing liver damage. ANIT-induced cholestasis results in bile acid accumulation due to decreased BSEP and NTCP expression linked to impaired farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling. Ellagic acid restored BSEP and NTCP levels via FXR activation, reducing bile acids and inflammatory markers IL-1β and TNF-α. Ellagic acid also enhanced SIRT1 activity, further improving FXR function and bile acid homeostasis.

Conclusions

Ellagic acid exhibits protective effects against cholestasis by enhancing the FXR signaling and ntcp and bsep expression with mitigating liver damage and inflammation.
Industrial designs in the era of change – revolution, evolution or stagnation?
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Marie Skłodowska-Curie, Poland, Wernicka Kinga
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the amendments in Polish and European design law that have been just proposed by EU and Polish legislator. The registration proceedings of EU designs held before the EUIPO differs from the registration of designs proceeded by the Polish Patent Office (and by other national patent offices too). Due to the different scope of protection of Community designs and national designs the EU legislator wanted to introduce the harmonization within the procedural rules too. Polish legislator wants to change design law too. Consequently, EU legislator and Polish legislator have just proposed some amendments in design law. This study presents only examples proposed by EU and Polish legislator. They could be treated as revolution, evolution or stagnation. The basic research method for this article was analysis of EU and Polish design law (that is in force and proposed by EU and Polish legislator) and Polish and European practice of design law.
The legal future of tattoos – selected problems. An analysis of the case of Jeffrey B. Sedlik v. Katherine Von Drachenberg (Kat von D.)
Authors:   University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, Ossowska-Salamonowicz Dobrochna
Published: February 2025

Tattoos represent a multi-billion dollar industry that continues to experience growth (Global Tattoo Ink Market By Type..., 2024). In light of the expansion of this market, it is imperative to delineate the precise rights and responsibilities of tattoo parlour proprietors, artists, and their clientele. In practice, the majority of individuals with tattoos are unaware of their rights and obligations. It is not yet common practice for a client to request a release of liability signed by the tattoo artist. It is also important to recall that it is exceedingly challenging for the copyright holder of a design, or even a tattoo artist, to regulate the utilisation of the design. The paper examines the most significant case law pertaining to the legal protection of tattoos. The article employs the most recent and pivotal case law on the legal aspects of tattooing. Despite the analysis conducted (case law and literature on the subject), it is not feasible to derive consistent rules that could be applied in analogous cases.
Joint Ownership of Industrial Property Rights in the Research and Industry Consortium Agreement
Authors:   Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland, Salamonowicz Marek
Published: February 2025

The main objective of the article is to determine the rights and obligations of the parties to a scientific and industrial consortium agreement in a situation of co-ownership of industrial property rights covering research results. In particular, the analysis covers the impact of the co-ownership of rights on the commercialization of research results and employee entitlements to share in the benefits of such commercialization. The subject of analysis was the European Union law and Polish law. The legal-dogmatic as well as comparative method was used. Normative acts were analyzed, as well as other official documents containing guidelines and instructions for the parties. Examples from practice were also used. In conclusion, the legality of an obligation on the part of the consortium members to subsequently transfer their shares in the joint right to one of them or a third party is pointed out. It has also been established that such an obligation may be preceded by granting a license in favor of a later purchaser of industrial property rights. Moreover, it was underlined that in the light of the regulations in force, employees of Polish higher education institutions who have made an invention within the framework of a project implemented by a scientific and industrial consortium are, as a rule, due remuneration for benefits obtained by the university from commercialization of such research results.
Creating Innovations within the Framework of Scientific and Industrial Consortia and Compliance with Data Protection Obligations
Authors:   Department of Intellectual Property Law, Faculty of Law, University of Białystok, Poland, Siemion Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

One of the elements of building a competitive advantage is the development of innovations. With this objective in mind, market players cooperate with other businesses, but also with entities in the science sector, including research institutes and universities. One of the instruments used for this purpose is a consortium agreement, Such cooperation requires defining, first of all, issues related to intellectual property rights. Since personal data may be processed as part of such agreements, it is important to bring these processes in line with legal requirements under data protection laws, particularly the GDPR. The article analyzes first of all what personal data processing processes may be applicable in cooperation between science and business in the field of innovation, what roles in terms of personal data protection are played by the various entities and what obligations they entail, what special obligations in terms of personal data protection arise from the establishment of international consortia, including with entities from countries outside the European Economic Area, and are the rules that govern the responsibility of these entities for the fulfillment of their obligations under personal data protection regulations. Alignment of the collaborations carried out by consortium members with applicable legal requirements not only safeguards them legally, but also affects the economic and commercialization potential of the results generated in the course of such collaboration. These entities are thus seen as socially responsible, which fosters trust among science and business partners, public bodies, as well as customers benefiting from the innovations created.
Structural Model of Digital Transformation Readiness of Indonesian Rural and Urban Science Teachers
Authors: Rusydiyah Evi Fatimatur , Asrohah Hanun , Basyir Kunawi , Rahman Moh. Rifqi , Usagawa Tsuyoshi
Published: February 2025

Technological and digital developments have implications for integrating technology into educational practice. As a result, teachers have to deal with digital transformation. This research aims to compare the digital transformation readiness of science teachers in urban and rural areas. This research compares to the previously determined structural model of digital transformation readiness. This research used a survey method to test several research hypotheses. The respondents of this research were 206 science teachers in Indonesia, selected using stratified random sampling to ensure a balanced representation of various sub-groups such as gender, geographic location, island, age, type and status of institution, and teaching experience. This research data was analyzed using AMOS 26 to analyze CBSEM. The research results show three main points in digital transformation: the self-efficacy of rural teachers is affected by digital literacy, the information empowerment of rural teachers is affected by information literacy and digital literacy, and the information use of rural teachers is affected by information culture. Urban teachers at these three points are more dependent and require recommendations for development and optimization. The conclusion of this research leads to a recommendation that, in general, teachers in rural areas still need improvements, while teachers in urban areas are already moving towards developing and sustaining their skills.
Kemampuan Berbahasa Jawa Krama Inggil Peserta Didik Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Utami Faricha Ajeng Mega , Rosyidi Zudan
Published: February 2025

The Javanese Krama Inggil language is currently rarely used. Students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah prefer neutral Javanese and ngoko innocent rather than Javanese Krama Inggil. The reason they prefer ngoko plain is because it is easier to pronounce and easier to understand. This research aims to describe the Javanese language skills of Krama English students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. This research was designed using a qualitative phenomenological approach. The object studied was students' ability to speak Javanese Krama Inggil and the subjects of this research were students at one of the private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah in Lamongan. This research uses qualitative methods to collect observation, interview, and documentation data. The data analysis technique used is phenomenology data analysis, which prioritizes data analysis through experienced phenomena. The research results show that some students still have minimal Javanese language skills and are not yet in accordance with the rules. However, students' Javanese language skills will increase substantially as time goes by. Learners often feel imperfections in their understanding of the language, and they believe that some aspects of the language can be changed to make it more interesting and easier to pronounce.
Novel Approach in Enhancing Science Education through Problem-Based Creative Learning and Delphi Evaluation
Authors: Annur Indra Kusumadani  , Affandy Harry , Sunarno Widha , Suryana Risa , Harjana Harjana , Andiena Resty Zama
Published: February 2025

The research aimed to optimize the Problem-Based Creative Learning (PBCL) model to enhance higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in natural science learning. The research used the Delphi method, which involved seven experts in education from various disciplines contributing to a cycle of Delphi. The Delphi cycle consisted of two cycles, and data analysis involved using the Aiken V statistical equation. The Delphi study results highlighted agreement on the characteristics of the PBCL model, which included (1) syntax, (2) social system, (3) principles of reaction, (4) support system, and (5) the impact of learning. The research findings highlight the potential of PBCL as an innovative learning model in natural science learning, emphasizing its effectiveness in improving aspects of analysis, evaluation, and creation as part of HOTS. The study contributes a learning model framework for educators to strengthen natural science education and cultivate insightful and adaptive students in the 21st century.
Enhancing Arabic Listening and Vocabulary Acquisition through AI-Powered Music: A Study on Suno AI
Authors: Solehudin Muhamad , Hanifansyah Nur , Izzuddin Iqbal Fathi
Published: February 2025

This study explores the impact of AI-generated music, specifically through the Suno AI platform, on enhancing Arabic listening skills (maharah istima') and vocabulary acquisition at Darullughah Wadda’wah Boarding School (Pesantren). A qualitative approach was employed over a 3-week period, involving 120 students aged 16 to 18. The findings reveal that AI-powered music significantly improved student motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes. Students demonstrated better vocabulary retention and listening comprehension, facilitated by the contextual use of lyrics in AI-generated songs. However, the short duration of the study posed challenges for mastering all introduced vocabulary. This research suggests that integrating AI-generated music into Arabic language education offers a promising, engaging alternative to traditional methods, particularly in enhancing receptive language skills. Future studies could extend the duration and explore the impact on other language skills such as speaking and writing.
Streamlining Arabic Grammar to Facilitate Mastery of Qirâ’at al-Kutub for University Students
Authors: Ardiansyah Ade Arip , Musthafa Izzuddin , Syafei Isop , Sanah Siti
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates a streamlined approach to Arabic grammar instruction designed to help university students master Qirâ’at al-Kutub. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to explore the effectiveness of a simplified Arabic grammar teaching method in facilitating mastery of Qirâ’at al-Kutub. The simplified method addresses challenges in traditional teaching, improving comprehension and application of grammar in classical texts. Using pre-test and post-test analysis, the study recorded a 20% increase in average scores (65% to 85%) and significant reductions in fi'il mudhâri' errors (40% to 10%) and i’râb errors (50% to 15%). The method proved particularly effective for students struggling with conventional approaches, with 86% reporting improved confidence and comprehension. However, participants also highlighted the need for additional resources (82%) and support for complex texts (68%). This research offers a practical, inclusive solution to Arabic grammar instruction, fostering critical reading skills and deeper engagement with linguistic heritage. Future studies should explore digital tools, interactive platforms, and longitudinal impacts to refine and expand this approach in diverse educational contexts.
Anaerobic bacteria from bloodstream infections: Identification and antibacterial susceptibility testing in a single center in Türkiye
Authors: Orak Filiz , Karakaya Emre , Saticioğlu İzzet Burçin , Akar Mustafa , Güran Cansu , Abay Seçil , Aydin Fuat
Published: February 2025

This study aimed the identification of anaerobic bacteria isolated from blood cultures and the determination of antibacterial susceptibility of the isolates. The study material comprised of 5,282 blood samples taken between 2018 and 2020. The samples were incubated in a BacT/ALERT system. The species identification of the isolates was performed by three methods namely, BBL Crystal Anaerobe system, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method with benzylpenicillin, clindamycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem, and metronidazole disks. In the BacT/ALERT system, 45 anaerobic bacterial isolates were recovered from 39 (0.74%) of the samples that showed growth signs in blood culture bottles. The BBL Crystal Anaerobe system and 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses enabled the genus and species identification of all 45 isolates (100%), whereas with MALDI-TOF MS, only 37 (82.2%) of the isolates were able to be identified. Antibacterial resistance rates of the isolates to piperacillin/tazobactam, clindamycin, benzylpenicillin, meropenem, and metronidazole were detected as 100%, 73.8%, 40%, 9.8%, and 5.5%, respectively. MALDI-TOF MS showed a higher level of compatibility with 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, compared to the BBL Crystal Anaerobe system. The high rates of susceptibility to meropenem and metronidazole suggested that these antibiotics are options for the empirical treatment of anaerobic bacterial infections.
Upgrading titania and alumina supports for NiMo hydrodesulfurization catalysts by the incorporation of 2D graphene oxide
Authors: Molina-Pérez Rodrigo Iván , Cruces-Lira Jessica , Klimova Tatiana E.
Published: February 2025

The synthesis and characterization of novel NiMo catalysts for hydrodesulfurization of petroleum represent a significant advancement in catalytic technology, addressing the need for efficient removal of sulfur from fossil fuels. This study explores the development of titania and alumina supports modified with graphene oxide (GO, 2 wt%) to improve the catalytic behavior of NiMo catalysts in deep hydrodesulfurization. The GO-modified supports were synthesized via a hydrothermal method. The NiMo catalysts (12 wt% MoO3 and 3 wt% NiO) were prepared by incipient wetness coimpregnation. The supports and catalysts were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, N2 physisorption, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the GO-modified supports not only provide higher surface areas to the NiMo catalysts, but also considerably improve their catalytic efficiency in the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene, probably by promoting hydrogen spillover during the reaction.

Graphical abstract
ANALYSIS ON THE ANNEALING EFFECT ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF AS-DEPOSITED ZNO AND VARIED CONCENTRATION OF ALUMINUM DOPED ZNO THIN FILM GROWN BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION
Authors:   Department Physics, Nigerian Army University Biu. Nigeria., UGWU EMMANUEL IFEANYI
Published: February 2025

Analysis of the effect of the varied aluminum doping concentration and annealing at varied temperature on the morphological and structural properties of as- deposited and aluminum doped ZnO thin films using Chemical bath deposition technique has been carried out in this work, whereby the concentration of the aluminum was varied from 0.1M, .2M to 0.3M after which they were subsequently annealed at the temperatures of 100oC, 150oC to 200oC. The morphological and structural properties were characterized using XRD and SEM, while other parameters were deduced from the theoretical equations and from the result, it is observed that there is a glaring effect of the variation of concentration of aluminum doping and varied annealing temperature on the properties of the thin film as revealed by the morphological surface structure, grain size, lattice parameters such as crystallites size, micro strain, intermolecular spacing, dislocation density, lattice constants as obtained at preferred plane (101) and at the same diffraction angle. . Just as depicted by the X-ray pattern characteristics.
Investigation of narciclasine’s role in dietary interventions for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Jin Xuezhu , Chen Xin , Wang Song , Leng Yan
Published: February 2025

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition caused by a buildup of fat in liver cells because of wrong choices and nutrition intake patterns over time, is a common chronic metabolic disorder among individuals today. Narciclasine (Nar), a compound present in Haemanthus coccineus L., has been noted for its strong anti-inflammatory effects. However, its impact on regulating metabolic imbalances associated with NAFLD requires further investigation. In this research investigation using mice with NAFLD induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and a cell model stimulated with fatty acids (FFAs), the aim was to examine the impact of Nar on liver health outcomes. The findings indicated that Nar helped improve the changes in metabolic parameters caused by the HFD, such as metabolism and inflammatory markers. Moreover, the buildup of liver fat triggered by the HFD was lessened after Nar treatment. Similarly, the inflammatory reaction in liver tissues exacerbated by the HFD was notably reduced with the involvement of Nar. The results of lab tests showed that Nar stopped FFA, which effectively triggered production and cell death in liver cells. It was shown that Nar blocked the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays a role in inflammation and metabolic imbalances. These discoveries indicate a potential for Nar as a supplement or treatment for handling NAFLD. It provides a method to cure patients by adjusting important metabolic and inflammatory routes.
Suppression of surface charge and its effect on sedimentation and fabric of kaolinite clay
Authors: Joo Hyun-Woo , Dai Sheng , Kwon Tae-Hyuk
Published: February 2025

This study explores the effect of suppressed surface charges on the sedimentation behaviour and fabric of kaolinite clay. In particular, sedimentation behaviours were compared between negatively charged natural kaolin clays and surface-treated and hence electrically suppressed kaolin clays by methylene blue adsorption. The results clearly indicate that the negative surface charge impeded the sedimentation rate of kaolin by resisting particle aggregation. Such an effect appeared the most significant when the surrounding pH was less than the isoelectric point (IEP) of the mineral edges. Under a pH less than IEP, the flocculation time and the final void ratio remarkably dropped after the negative charge neutralization. This was also corroborated by the scanning electron microscopy images, which further revealed the fabric transition from an edge-to-face (EF) flocculated structure to a face-to-face (FF) aggregated structure due to the absence of interparticle electrical forces. Conversely, there was no significant fabric change at pH higher than or near the IEP, even though the sedimentation behaviours were accelerated by forming larger flocs. This study imparts important insights into the fundamentals of microstructure and resulting sedimentation behavior of clayey soils and how they can be changed in electrically neutralized clay.
A study on lattice frame reinforced (LFR) system to reduce settlement of coastal embankments
Authors: Dias Isuru Tharanga , Tanapornraweekit Ganchai , Tangtermsirikul Somnuk , Okamura Akihiko , Matsuoka Takeshi
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a study on the behaviour of the Lattice Frame Reinforced (LFR) system under rock embankments. The LFR system is used to reduce the rate of rock embankment settlement. It contains two main components, a mortar injected polyester tube lattice frame (LFR mortar tube) and an underlaying polyester sheet (LFR sheet). Two experimental embankments with the LFR system were constructed for this study. The actual measured soil settlements under the embankments were monitored for a period of 30 months. This paper aims to explain the mechanism of the LFR system by applying Finite Element (FE) simulations by LS-DYNA and field measurements. Also, the modelling approach used to model the behaviour of the LFR mortar tube was proposed by incorporating tension-stiffening effects into the constitutive law of the LFR tube. The field measurement and analysis results showed that the LFR system could effectively reduce the long-term soil settlement caused by the embankment. FE analysis showed that LFR mortar tubes behaved as tensile members and there was a significant effect of the grid spacing of the LFR mortar tube on settlement reduction. The field measurement results could be satisfactorily simulated using FE analysis by considering the tension-stiffening behaviour.
Teachers’ enactment of project-based learning within the Ecubed project in Grade Four Life Skills classrooms
Authors: Van der Merwe Dean , Mokwena Elizabeth , Ndabezitha Lerato
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In response to preparing learners for the demands of living and thriving in a fast-changing world, this study explored the enactment of project-based learning (PBL) in Grade Four Life Skills classrooms within the Ecubed (E3) project at a primary school in Limpopo, South Africa. The study explored how teachers enacted PBL in their classrooms following training as part of the E3 project on PBL. Utilising semi-structured interviews, observations, and stimulated recall interviews, the study revealed that teachers grasped certain PBL elements and recognised factors enhancing its implementation, leading to improved learning outcomes. Nevertheless, challenges hindering successful PBL implementation were also identified. The findings underscore the potential of PBL, with appropriate intervention and motivation, to deepen learning, nurture an entrepreneurial mindset, and equip learners with competencies to live and thrive in a fast-changing world. This research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on effective teaching methodologies and their impact on learners' readiness for the challenges of a fast-changing world.
Occupational therapy in adult palliative care. A rapid review
Authors: Van Biljon Hester M. , Engelbrecht Madri , Van der Walt Janke , Soeker Shaheed M.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The Occupational Therapy Association of South Africa commissioned a task team to gather evidence that would inform the upcoming National Health Insurance policies on the role and practice of occupational therapists. This rapid review aimed to identify level 1 and 2 peer-reviewed published evidence that describes occupational therapists’ practice and intervention in adult palliative care.
Method: Systematic reviews and randomised control trials were searched for through the Stellenbosch University library. CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (EBSCO), the Cochrane Library (Wiley) and OTSeeker databases were used and hand searching of references in selected articles was done. Rayyan.ai was used for the screening and selection of articles. The CASP appraisal tool was used for quality assessment of the selected articles. Data was captured in Excel and Word and analysed and synthesised in Excel and Taguette.
Results: 15 articles were identified for data extraction in this rapid review. The CASP quality appraisal showed a good rating. Occupational therapists working in palliative care were reported to address: Functionality, activity participation and quality of life, symptom management related to disease and the treatment thereof, environmental modification and adaption, assistive devices and equipment, education and caregiver support  and education, lifestyle adaptation, return to work or higher education/training.
Conclusion: South Africa has a unique palliative burden of care due to diseases that shorten life expectancy. Due to the unique and varied beliefs of South Africans to illness and end of life, evidence from high income countries needs to be supplemented with local knowledge to frame the role and intervention of occupational therapists in palliative care. Evidence to support and define the role of occupational therapists claims this needs to be a matter of priority.
Implications for practice

Contextually relevant palliative care intervention needs to be included in the undergraduate curriculum for occupational therapists and once they go to community service, they need to be supported in this.
Development and upskilling of occupational therapy clinicians in contextually relevant palliative practice at all levels of care need to be an available and accessible continuous professional development (CPD) activity.
Occupational therapy clinicians working on the frontlines of palliative care need to be encouraged and supported to collect and present evidence for their practices in formats and at forums where it can be used to shape policies that affect palliative adult care locally and globally.
A reflection on the ‘non-place’ character of German foreign language (GFL) courses and coursebooks in South African higher education
Authors: Biccard Piera
Published: February 2025

The need to grow mathematics teacher practices and improve learning in classrooms is an important avenue for research. The aim of this article is to present results of a Lesson Study-based professional development programme that endeavoured to capture and understand the concept of teacher-noticing in two South African primary school mathematics teachers. Since teacher-noticing is a precursor to teacher decision-making, the question of how mathematics teacher-noticing develops was the focus of this study. A professional development programme set within teachers’ own classrooms (where they played the role of noticers) was designed and implemented. Two Grade 6 mathematics teachers volunteered to take part in the study. The researcher and participant teachers collaboratively planned lessons that were taught by the researcher. Teachers took notes of their noticing during each of the four researcher-taught lessons to discuss during the reflective sessions after the lessons. These sessions were recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were coded for emerging and developing themes in teacher-noticing using a teacher-noticing framework. It was found that teacher-noticing remained at lower levels during traditional direct instruction lessons while teachers developed extended noticing from lessons that were structured and planned along a problem-centred or modelling approach and that involved extensive pair work.