bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned from implementing a principled approach to resolution following patient harm
Authors: Smith Kelly M , Smith Larry L , (Jack) Gentry John C , Mayer David B
Published: December 2018

Background

Communication and resolution programs have emerged as central to organizational responses to serious patient harm events, with demonstrated evidence of patient safety and medicolegal outcome improvements within a handful of healthcare systems. Hospitals, including those with open medical staffs, have struggled implementing communication and resolution programs, particularly around the components supporting resolution. Here, we describe our lessons learned early after implementing the resolution (“R”) component of Communication and Optimal Resolution, a comprehensive contemporary communication and resolution program at MedStar Health, a large community health system in the United States.

Context

MedStar Health is a regional healthcare system with 10 hospitals, 250 ambulatory care delivery sites, and 20 diversified businesses in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. MedStar Health initiated Communication and Optimal Resolution implementation in 2015.

Approach

Our approach to resolution following patient harm yielded seven strategies supporting our resolution process. These included infrastructure and processes to (i) provide immediate support to patients and families, (ii) hold and waive bills, (iii) activate event review processes early to inform resolution, (iv) embrace a paradigm shift in legally defensible cases, (v) develop a communication and resolution program legal community, (vi) accept sacrifices with a principled resolution, and (vii) commit to address challenges with open medical staffs.

The resolution process in response to serious patient harm is complex. Our early experience in implementing the “R” of Communication and Optimal Resolution required enhanced infrastructure, embracing the clinician, legal, and insurance communities and instructing them in the principles of communication and resolution program, and a strong organizational commitment to “doing the right thing” for patients and families.
Novel susceptibility variants at the ERG locus for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Hispanics
Authors: Qian Maoxiang , Xu Heng , Perez-Andreu Virginia , Roberts Kathryn G. , Zhang Hui , Yang Wenjian , Zhang Shouyue , Zhao Xujie , Smith Colton , Devidas Meenakshi , Gastier-Foster Julie M. , Raetz Elizabeth , Larsen Eric , Burchard Esteban G. , Winick Naomi , Bowman W. Paul , Martin Paul L. , Borowitz Michael , Wood Brent , Antillon-Klussmann Federico , Pui Ching-Hon , Mullighan Charles G. , Evans William E. , Hunger Stephen P. , Relling Mary V. , Loh Mignon L. , Yang Jun J.
Published: December 2018

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Characterized by high levels of Native American ancestry, Hispanics are disproportionally affected by this cancer with high incidence and inferior survival. However, the genetic basis for this disparity remains poorly understood because of a paucity of genome-wide investigation of ALL in Hispanics. Performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 940 Hispanic children with ALL and 681 ancestry-matched non-ALL controls, we identified a novel susceptibility locus in the ERG gene (rs2836365; P = 3.76 × 10−8; odds ratio [OR] = 1.56), with independent validation (P = .01; OR = 1.43). Imputation analyses pointed to a single causal variant driving the association signal at this locus overlapping with putative regulatory DNA elements. The effect size of the ERG risk variant rose with increasing Native American genetic ancestry. The ERG risk genotype was underrepresented in ALL with the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion (P < .0005) but enriched in the TCF3-PBX1 subtype (P < .05). Interestingly, ALL cases with germline ERG risk alleles were significantly less likely to have somatic ERG deletion (P < .05). Our results provide novel insights into genetic predisposition to ALL and its contribution to racial disparity in this cancer.
Attitude and perception of medical interns about antimicrobial resistance: a multi center cross-sectional study in Ethiopia
Authors: Mersha Amanual Getnet
Published: December 2018

Background

Antibiotic resistance is a global burden and reduction of antimicrobial resistance requires change in antimicrobial prescribing behavior of health workers. The current study aimed to evaluate the attitude and perception of Ethiopian medical interns towards antimicrobials resistance.

Methods

A multi center cross-sectional institutional based survey was conducted from August 2016 to October 2016 among medical interns in Ethiopia. Data entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS) software version 21.0 for Windows. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used and statistical significance was set at P-value < 0.05 as a cut of point.

Results

Out of the 278 questionnaires distributed, 270 were returned completed giving a response rate of 97.1%. Most of the participants 256 (94.8%) wants to receive further education about antimicrobial stewardship. Chi-square test showed a significant difference between institutions about interns’ attitude and perception concerning over usage of antimicrobials in their institutions; description of correct antimicrobial coverage; handling patients who demands antimicrobial therapy that is not indicated and finding reliable sources of information to treat infections (P-value < 0.05). Attaching at internal medicine wards during the survey and receiving antimicrobial stewardship training during the past 6 months were found to improve their attitude significantly by 2.68 and 3.48 times respectively.

Conclusions

The current study demonstrates an enormous desire of medical interns for further education about antimicrobial stewardship. Hence, it is strongly recommended to provide a comprehensive, regular, standard and up to date educational training in all medical institutions for our future prescribers. Medical institutions and stakeholders are recommended to advocate curriculums and policies that build up antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Does metformin usage improve survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma? A population-based study
Authors: Quimby Alexandra E. , Lebo Nicole L. , Griffiths Rebecca , Hall Stephen , Dimitroulakos Jim , Johnson-Obaseki Stephanie
Published: December 2018

Background

We sought to expand upon preliminary data suggesting that metformin confers a survival benefit to patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods

A large-scale retrospective cohort study of all patients in Ontario diagnosed with squamous cancer of the larynx, hypopharynx, and nasopharynx between Dec 1st 2007 to Dec 1st 2012 was undertaken. The Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences was accessed to obtain patient demographic, treatment and outcome information. We included patients on metformin at the time of diagnosis. Kaplan Meier methods and Cox Regression models were used.

Results

Patients taking metformin at the time of diagnosis had a higher comorbid status but were otherwise similar to patients without metformin usage. Using multivariate analysis, neither overall survival nor disease specific survival was improved in patients on metformin (OS: HR 1.123, p = .338; DSS: HR 1.048, p = .792).

Conclusions

No survival advantage was observed in patients with HNSCC taking metformin at the time of diagnosis.
The association between early‐onset cardiac events caused by neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy in triple‐negative breast cancer patients and some novel autophagy‐related polymorphisms in their genomic DNA: a real‐world study
Authors: Liu Binliang , An Tao , Li Meiying , Yi Zongbi , Li Chunxiao , Sun Xiaoying , Guan Xiuwen , Li Lixi , Wang Yanfeng , Zhang Yuhui , Xu Binghe , Ma Fei , Zeng Yixin
Published: December 2018

Background

An increasing number of cancer patients die of cardiovascular diseases. The cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy is particularly important in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) with limited therapeutic options. Cardiac autophagy is an important mechanism of cardiotoxicity. This research was aimed to investigate the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy in TNBC, screen the susceptible population, and determine the relationship between cardiotoxicity and autophagy‐related polymorphisms.

Methods

From a total of 2450 stage I‐III TNBC patients, 147 met the inclusion criteria and finally recruited. Electrocardiography (ECG) was performed before most chemotherapy cycles, and echocardiography (UCG) was performed according to clinical needs. All ECG and UCG records were re‐interpreted by cardiologists at the National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information and the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer database, we selected 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to autophagy and genotyped the 147 TNBC patients. Paired‐sample T tests, Chi squared tests, and logistic regression models were employed for the analysis.

Results

Only 46 (31.3%) patients had normal ECG records after every chemotherapy cycle. Among the 16 patients who underwent UCG, 2 (12.5%) had a reversible decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction. The use of anthracyclines and excessive alcohol consumption were risk factors of ECG abnormalities. With the continuation of chemotherapy, heart rate gradually increased. Anthracyclines were associated with QRS duration abnormalities (P = 0.043). After genotyping for 25 autophagy‐related SNPs, we found that the G allele of autophagy‐related 13 (ATG13) rs10838611 was significantly associated with ECG abnormalities (odds ratio = 2.258, 95% confidence interval = 1.318–3.869; P = 0.003).

Conclusion

ECG abnormalities caused by chemotherapy are common in the real world. Autophagy‐related SNPs are associated with chemotherapy‐induced cardiotoxicity, thereby providing new evidence for autophagy as a cause of chemotherapy‐induced cardiac damage.
SEG EVOLVE: Developing the fearless explorers of the future
Authors: Geary Andrew , Bertagne Allen , Forrest Mike
Published: December 2018

The exploration and production (E&P) industry currently faces major personnel challenges resulting from “the great crew change.” With this departure of considerable knowledge from organizations, new hires and graduates do not have the large network of experienced professionals and mentors to support them as they transition from academia to the real world.
Geophysical inversion versus machine learning in inverse problems
Authors: Kim Yuji , Nakata Nori
Published: December 2018

Geophysical inversion and machine learning both provide solutions for inverse problems in which we estimate model parameters from observations. Geophysical inversions such as impedance inversion, amplitude-variation-with-offset inversion, and traveltime tomography are commonly used in the industry to yield physical properties from measured seismic data. Machine learning, a data-driven approach, has become popular during the past decades and is useful for solving such inverse problems. An advantage of machine learning methods is that they can be implemented without knowledge of physical equations or theories. The challenges of machine learning lie in acquiring enough training data and selecting relevant parameters, which are essential in obtaining a good quality model. In this study, we compare geophysical inversion and machine learning approaches in solving inverse problems and show similarities and differences of these approaches in a mathematical form and numerical tests. Both methods aid in solving ill-posed and nonlinear problems and use similar optimization techniques. We take reflectivity inversion as an example of the inverse problem. We apply geophysical inversion based on the least-squares method and artificial neural networks as a machine learning approach to solve reflectivity inversion using 2D synthetic data sets and 3D field data sets. A neural network with multiple hidden layers successfully generates the nonlinear mapping function to predict reflectivity. For this inverse problem, we test different L1 regularizers for both approaches. L1 regularization alleviates effects of noise in seismic traces and enhances sparsity, especially in the least-squares method. The 2D synthetic wedge model and field data examples show that neural networks yield high spatial resolution.
Wide-azimuth seismic and potential field data integration for salt recognition in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Panepinto Stefano , Dai Jianchun , Ibañez Wilson , Guerra Ivan , O'Briain Michael , Smith Daniel
Published: December 2018

In the recently opened exploration frontier area of the deepwater Saline Basin in the southern Gulf of Mexico, we successfully applied a multiphysics workflow to integrate wide-azimuth seismic and potential field data. In areas of poor signal-to-noise ratio, subtlety and variation in structural style due to salt kinematics and deep-seated thrusting impose challenges for seismic imaging. High-velocity (impedance) contrasts at the interfaces between salt and carbonate rafts within the background sediments result in strong reflection and refraction at small angles of incidence, diffractions with complex wave patterns, and lack of illumination near and below these features. This creates high noise levels in the seismic image resulting in high uncertainty in the salt interpretation. To reduce the uncertainties of salt interpretation, a multiphysics workflow is devised to integrate gravity data with the seismic measurements. The multiphysics workflow employs a jointly collected suite of wide-azimuth, long-offset, broadband seismic data and potential field data. The process consists of conventional processing steps to enhance the salt-related signal and a full 3D seismogravity modeling. Velocity model building, petrophysical link estimation for domain conversion, and gravity forward modeling are hence used to interactively assess the scenario testing. The geophysical integration enables definition of a better constrained earth model of velocity and density distributions with improved geometries and reduced uncertainties.
Anisotropic AVO: Implications for reservoir characterization
Authors: Asaka Michinori
Published: December 2018

Routinely applied methods in seismic reservoir characterization such as forward modeling, wavelet extraction, amplitude-variation-with-offset (AVO) analysis, AVO inversion, and interpretation of seismic data usually assume that the earth can be modeled by a stack of isotropic layers. This assumption may cause significant problems where there are nonnegligible differences in the anisotropic parameters between the various lithologies that cause vertical profiles of VP/VSand the anisotropy parameters to be dissimilar. In this case, a significant mismatch between the seismic data and the isotropic synthetic seismogram AVO response will occur, making far-angle stack interpretation difficult. In some cases, the mismatch might be misinterpreted as a data quality issue. In an offshore Western Australia field, three lithofacies (volcanic rock, sandstone, and shale) need to be correctly identified for detailed reservoir characterization. Here, the AVO response of the actual seismic data is significantly affected by velocity anisotropy. Originally, it was thought that the far-angle stack could be used to detect volcanic rock in the field; however, after accounting for the velocity anisotropy effect, it was found that the far-angle stack enables us to identify sandstone. A proper understanding of the anisotropy effect allows the interpreter to use seismic data more effectively, which leads to a more robust estimation of the distribution of lithofacies in the target area.
Ethnicity and Perceptual Dialectology
Authors: Alfaraz Gabriela G. , Mason Alexander
Published: December 2018

Ethnicity of respondents has not been considered in the cognitive mapping of regional dialects, even though it has been shown to influence spatial perception in other social science fields. In this article, the authors draw on the findings of a cognitive mapping study, based on similar studies by Dennis Preston, that compared the behavior of two ethnolinguistic groups to examine whether linguistic and cultural experiences affect awareness of the Southern United States as a dialect area. They examined identification of the South in the hand-drawn maps of 83 Latinos and 148European Americans. They found that the European American group patterned with previous studies, marking the South in 99% of maps, while the Latino group marked the South in only 59% of maps. An ArcGIS analysis showed that agreement about its location reached over 95% for European Americans but only 80% for Latinos. They argue that Latino dialect awareness is influenced by linguistic socialization, cultural prominence, and social marginalization, which contribute to knowledge of regional variation and linguistic and social stereotypes.
Eco(il)logical Knowledge
Authors: Baptista João Afonso
Published: December 2018

In this article, I narrate an ethnographic storyline that involves forest inhabitants, local politicians, development professionals, and scientific researchers in both representational and nonrepresentational worlds of knowing. I discuss how and why, in Angola, making forest knowledge through relations of distance to the forests is crucial for attaining institutional legitimacy over the forests. This way of acquiring authority and influence is championed by a broad epistemological tendency to address only the absent, which is then made present by accredited representers. Yet this technique disempowers local forest dwellers in their everyday territories and disallows the capacity that the ecological knowns have to reveal themselves. Knowing Angolan forests through absence and distance is not just a potent contemporary form of knowledge that qualifies as a way of ruling the forests, but is also integral to widespread (neo)colonial processes of distinction and separation: the knower and the known, the representer and the represented, the “cosmopolitan intellectual” and the “rustic bestial” Other. Finally, I discuss different forms of ecological knowledge in light of ethical stances toward knowing, relationality, and, ultimately, being.
Wearable technology and health: A bibliometric analysis using SciMAT
Authors: Burbano-Fernandez Marlon Felipe , Ramirez-Gonzalez Gustavo
Published: December 2018

Background:  To begin research with cross-thematic topics, an analysis is necessary that collects data and historical accounts about these topics. In the field of health and technology, this principle is not unknown. In this case, it is the interest of this investigation to inquire about the topics "wearable" and "health" in order to gather enough information to establish how it has been developed, what the current topics are and what areas it is planned to study in a near future. The purpose of this study is to analyse the growth of the wearable technology and health subject matter. This will create an account of the most relevant themes over time in this subject and their evolution. This study will have an emphasis on recent years, in order to see which themes may be important for future research and publications.

Methods: This paper aims at making a bibliometric exploration using information from the Scopus database using the search chain “weareable AND health” within the years of 2000 to 2017. The bibliometric software SciMAT was used for data visualization and analysis.

Results: The results obtained are an analysis of the growth rate that is presented in Scopus publications between 2000 and 2017. In addition, a bibliometric analysis is obtained through the SciMat software, which shows the relevant issues that arise through time and that may be relevant for future research.

Conclusions: Publications associated with the search chain “Wearable AND Health” from 2000 to 2017 were generally in constant growth over the years. With the SciMAT software, the main theme that was found was that of monitoring systems. In addition, it shows how new themes that are highly relevant emerge, such as mobile technologies and the study of algorithms, which emerge as an evolution from signal processing.
The root cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the lack of dystrophin in smooth muscle of blood vessels rather than in skeletal muscle per se
Authors: Gajendran Nadesan
Published: December 2018

Background:The dystrophin protein is part of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC) linking the intracellular actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Mutations in the dystrophin gene cause Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (D/BMD). Neuronal nitric oxide synthase associates with dystrophin in the DAPC to generate the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO). Systemic dystrophin deficiency, such as in D/BMD, results in muscle ischemia, injury and fatigue during exercise as dystrophin is lacking, affecting NO production and hence vasodilation. The role of neuregulin 1 (NRG) signaling through the epidermal growth factor family of receptors ERBB2 and ERBB4 in skeletal muscle has been controversial, but it was shown to phosphorylate α-dystrobrevin 1 (α-DB1), a component of the DAPC. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether NRG signaling had a functional role in muscular dystrophy.

Methods:Primary myoblasts (muscle cells) were isolated from conditional knock-out mice containing lox P flanked ERBB2 and ERBB4 receptors, immortalized and exposed to Cre recombinase to obtainErbb2/4double knock-out (dKO) myoblasts where NRG signaling would be eliminated. Myotubes, thein vitroequivalent of muscle fibers, formed by fusion of the lox P flankedErbb2/4myoblasts as well as theErbb2/4dKO myoblasts were then used to identify changes in dystrophin expression.

Results:Elimination of NRG signaling resulted in the absence of dystrophin demonstrating that it is essential for dystrophin expression. However, unlike the DMD mouse model mdx, with systemic dystrophin deficiency, lack of dystrophin in skeletal muscles ofErbb2/4dKO mice did not result in muscular dystrophy. In these mice, ERBB2/4, and thus dystrophin, is still expressed in the smooth muscle of blood vessels allowing normal blood flow through vasodilation during exercise.

Conclusions:Dystrophin deficiency in smooth muscle of blood vessels, rather than in skeletal muscle, is the main cause of disease progression in DMD.
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Authors: Мирошниченко Инна , Miroshnichenko Inna , Белощенко Д. , Beloshchenko D. , Монастырецкая О. , Monastyreckaya O. , Снигирев А. , Snigirev A.
Published: December 2018

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Non-classical wars
Authors: Понкин Игорь , Ponkin Igor
Published: December 2018

This book is devoted to the study of these types of non-classical wars, as pre-emptive wars, hybrid wars, small wars. The author shows the features of such wars at the present stage, as well as the associated threats and problems. The article discusses the technology of "soft power" as tools for the destruction of the state. The author explores the concept of "post-truth" in non-classical wars.
Behavioral and sociodemographic correlates of the body mass index in Brazilian workers
Authors: Santos Priscila Cristina , Silva Kelly Samara da , Costa Bruno Gonçalves Galdino da , Mello Gabrielli Thais de , Oliveira Elusa Santina Antunes de , Nahas Markus Vinícius
Published: December 2018

An unhealthy body composition has been linked with chronic diseases and premature deaths that could be prevented. It is desirable to understand how modifiable behaviors are linked to the body composition of industrial workers, and identify risk groups among the population to plan interventions and policies. The aim of the study was to identify the sociodemographic, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and nutritional correlates of the body mass index (BMI) of Brazilian industrial workers. Data were used from the “Lifestyle and Leisure Habits of Industrial Workers” study (n = 45,508), conducted between 2006 and 2008, in 24 of the 27 Brazilian states. Gender, physical activity practice, television viewing, consumption of sweetened drinks, weight, and height were reported by the participants, and BMI was calculated. Linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with BMI. Women had a lower BMI when compared to men (-1.63 kg/m2, CI95%: -1.71; -1.56). Age and television viewing were positively associated with BMI and physically inactive adults had a BMI of 0.22 kg/m2 (CI95%: 0.15; 0.29) greater than those who were active during leisure time. There was no association between BMI and sweetened drink consumption. Usually, BMI is higher among men, older individuals, those who watch more hours of TV daily, and those who do not practice physical activity during leisure time. When possible, it is suggested to promote the practice the practice of physical activity during leisure time without directing actions to comply with the recommendation of 150 minutes per week with the understanding that some activity is better than none, as well as stimulate the reduction of TV viewing time among workers.
Resíduos da Construção Civil: cenário atual, planejamento e propostas para o município de Macaé-Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Caroline Ramos , Ferreira da Silva José Augusto , Moreira Marcos Antônio Cruz , Souza Frank Pavan
Published: December 2018

A construção civil representa um setor crucial para desenvolvimento da infraestrutura urbana, por isso tornam-se imprescindíveis alternativas sustentáveis visando preservar os recursos naturais e impulsionar a reciclagem de resíduos. Buscou-se nesta pesquisa um reconhecimento do cenário atual do município de Macaé-Brasil à respeito da gestão pública dos resíduos de construção civil (RCC). Apesar de haver beneficiamento desses resíduos no município, ainda observou-se o descarte inadequado em 311 pontos na área urbana. O quantitativo dos RCCs destinados aos aterros de inertes foi aproximadamente 50% menor do que o previsto nas estimativas de resíduos gerados pelas obras regularizadas nos anos analisados.
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL E TEMPORAL DA PRECIPITAÇÃO PLUVIAL NO MUNICÍPIO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Siciliano Willian Campos , Bastos Giovana Proença , De Oliveira Israel Tiago , Da Silva Gabrielle Nunes , Obraczka Marcelo , Ohnuma Jr Alfredo Akira
Published: December 2018

Resumo: Este artigo analisa o comportamento do regime de chuvas, distribuído no município do Rio de Janeiro, a partir de dados observados em mais de 30 estações pluviométricas monitoradas pelo Sistema Alerta Rio da Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro (SAR-RJ), entre os anos de 1997 e 2014. Na análise da variação temporal e espacial da precipitação no município é possível identificar possíveis tendências e padrões do volume precipitado em função da sazonalidade e localidade. O estudo se baseia na confecção de mapas de isoietas mensais, obtidos pelo programa Surfer 10, cuja representação gráfica das características pluviométricas de cada região é analisada mediante determinados fatores ambientais como relevo, clima e estações do ano. Os resultados evidenciam índices pluviométricos acentuados em todo o município e de forma concentrada no período entre outubro e abril. Conclui-se que regiões como Barra/Barrinha, Alto da Boa vista, Tijuca, Jardim Botânico, Rocinha e Vidigal apresentam precipitações mensais superiores aos demais locais, independente do período, devido a presença de áreas verdes preservadas e fatores climáticos variados. A padronização das chuvas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro está diretamente associada a fatores ambientais como uso e ocupação do solo, relevos de maciços geográficos e região oceânica.Abstract:This article analyzes the rainfall regime behavior, distributed in the city of Rio de Janeiro, based on observed data more than 30 rainfall stations followed by Sistema Alerta Rio da Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro (SAR-RJ), from 1997 to 2014. When analyzing the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall in the city, it is possible identify some trends and patterns of the volume of rainfall according to the seasonality as well as the locality. This study consists to elaborate monthly isohyetal maps, provided by Surfer 10 software, whose graphical representation of each region is analyzed through certain environmental factors such as topography, weather and seasons of the year. The results show high rainfall rates on the city and concentrated between October and April. This article concludes that regions such as Barra/Barrinha, Alto da Boa Vista, Tijuca, Jardim Botânico, Rocinha and Vidigal present rainfall rates higher than other regions, regardless of the period of the year, due to existence of preserved green areas and different climatic factors. The rainfall pattern in the city of Rio de Janeiro is directly connected to environmental factors such as land use/cover, mountain massifs and coastal region.
A Mídia e sua Cultura da Virtualidade a Serviço da Fragmentação dos Vínculos Educacionais
Authors: Silva Ednaldo Antonio da
Published: December 2018

A mídia em redes sociais proporciona uma nova forma de identidade pessoal, altera as formas de percepção das pessoas sobre as outras, sobre o meio, e sobre si mesmo. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as estratégias usadas pela comunicação de massa que interfere na sociabilidade das pessoas. Método: O desenho metodológico usado foi à pesquisa bibliográfica. Os resultados: O uso destas ferramentas modificou as maneiras de transmissão, recepção e decodificação de bens simbólicos, transformando significativamente o comportamento influenciando as relações entre as pessoas, os vínculos familiares, o mercado e o consumidor, ditando regras, traçando normas e criando ideologias. A cultura da virtualidade cria e recria uma conjuntura de relações pessoais e de trocas simbólicas, marcada pela interação tecnologias. Conclusão: A tecnologia deve ser usada para o fortalecimento dos laços afetivos para resolução dos problemas.
PEDAGOGIAS DA MATERNIDADE NO ÂMBITO DA POLÍTICA PRIMEIRA INFÂNCIA MELHOR/RS
Authors: Klein Carin , Meyer Dagmar Estermann
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho analisa uma política pública, voltada para a promoção de uma Primeira Infância Melhor (PIM), compreendendo-a como uma instância pedagógica que se propõe a educar mulheres, no sentido de instituir formas de exercer a maternidade. A pesquisa inscreve-se nos campos dos estudos de gênero e dos estudos foucaultianos, e o material empírico, examinado na perspectiva da análise de discurso, foi produzido em um trabalho de campo de caráter etnográfico, realizado no município de Canoas (RS). Interessa-nos indicar a articulação que se faz entre determinadas formas de exercício da maternidade, vulnerabilidade social e políticas públicas, pois é nessa conexão que as mulheres são posicionadas como agentes centrais e chamadas a se responsabilizar, por meio do exercício/delimitação de funções maternas, pela promoção de ações em torno do desenvolvimento integral das crianças.
ALDEIA-ESCOLA DO POVO INDÍGENA ZORÓ: UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO PARA ALÉM DA ESCOLA
Authors: Dias Patrícia , Secchi Darci
Published: December 2018

O texto apresenta reflexões a respeito da concepção de educação que vai além dos espaços hegemônicos de propagação dos conhecimentos estabelecidos pela racionalidade científica, rígida, unificadora, produtora de assimetrias. Apoia-se em dados de pesquisas, na observação de campo e em narrativas de professores e lideranças indígenas Zoró. Conclui-se que o modo de fazer educação do povo Indígena Zoró, ainda que existam desafios, supõe uma maneira singular de pensar a educação ao desafiar a lógica da modernidade e incorporar outros saberes e modos de ser e de viver no contexto escolar e ao inserir outros espaços no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, ações que vão produzindo autonomia e ressignificações dentro e fora da escola.
Currículos e Infâncias Nômades
Authors: Da Silva Moreira Sueli Soares , Costa Prates Maria Riziane , Ton Cândida De Nadai
Published: December 2018

Trata de inquietações sobre currículos e infâncias, objetivando compreender a relação produzida entre professores e crianças e a condição de nomadismo nos contextos de aprendizagens de um Centro de Educação Infantil no município de Vitória - ES. As contribuições teórico-metodológicas são de Rolnik, Pelbart, Larrosa, Carvalho, dentre outros, pela cartografia das paisagens escolares e as redes de conversações que podem desterritorializar modos de tecer conhecimentos na escola. Conclui que os nomadismos curriculares inventados por crianças e professores ajudam a pensar a educação como experiência-sentido, pela diferença como força que entrecruza o sedentarismo e transforma aprendizagens, infâncias e docências.
POLÍTICA DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL E CURRÍCULO: DISPUTAS SOBRE NATUREZA, PERSPECTIVA E ENFOQUE
Authors: Garcia Rosalba Maria Cardoso , Michels Maria Helena
Published: December 2018

O objetivo central deste artigo é refletir acerca das disputas pelo currículo no bojo das políticas educacionais para a educação especial brasileira. Analisamos documentos de política educacional e produção acadêmica. Distinguimos eixos de análise na organização da educação especial no Brasil: a natureza substitutiva/não substitutiva da educação especial, as perspectivas segregada/integrada/inclusiva e os enfoques assistencial/clínico/educacional. Com recorte temporal a partir dos anos 1970 apreendemos um deslocamento do direcionamento “currículo individualizado” para a “individualização do currículo”.
A POLÍTICA CURRICULAR NO CONTEXTO DA INCLUSÃO E SEUS MECANISMOS DE DIFERENCIAÇÃO CURRICULAR
Authors: Mesquita Amélia Maria Araújo , RODRIGUES JOSÉ RAFAEL BARBOSA , CASTRO KELLY PAIXÃO DE
Published: December 2018

A educação inclusiva assenta-se no reconhecimento e valorização da diferença. Enquanto prática, pode se estruturar por meio de mecanismos de diferenciação curricular que possibilitem a todos/as acesso à educação como bem comum. Contudo, tal perspectiva vem sendo confrontada pela atual política curricular para a Educação Básica. Diante disso, este texto objetiva problematizar a política curricular para os anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, com foco no primeiro e segundo anos de escolarização, sedimentadas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular e no Programa Mais Alfabetização, produzindo inferências sobre os efeitos que estas podem trazer às práticas curriculares no contexto da inclusão.
DISSERTAÇÕES E TESES COMO OBJETOS E FONTES DA ESCRITA COMPARADA SOBRE CURRÍCULO EM EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL (2004 a 2012)
Authors: Silva Fabiany Tavares , Souza Duarte Laura Kethlyn
Published: December 2018

Este texto toma 8 dissertações e 2 teses, produzidas nos Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação no período de 2004 a 2012, como objetos e fontes para construir uma escrita comparada sobre as discussões/proposições de currículo para a modalidade Educação Especial. Consideramos que as produções identificadas e utilizadas (dissertações e teses) alimentam a escrita comparada, de um lado, por representar relações de forças internas e externas na busca da reflexão, problematização e questionamento sobre o currículo em educação especial; de outro, porque essa busca toma forma na tarefa de forjar lealdades educativas com a inclusão e a escola inclusiva.
A POLÍTICA DE BÔNUS PARA OS PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO NO ESTADO DO ACRE: CONCEPÇÃO E NORMATIZAÇÃO
Authors: Melo Lúcia De Fátima , Pinto Braidi Débora Maria
Published: December 2018

O estudo avalia a política de pagamento de bônus na educação pública e suas implicações na valorização do trabalho dos profissionais da educação básica acriana. Vincula-se aos resultados finais de pesquisa que investiga as repercussões das políticas educacionais no trabalho dos diretores e professores no Estado do Acre. É fruto de revisão de literatura e pesquisa documental, dividindo-se em dois momentos. No primeiro, discute a concepção que orienta as políticas de bônus e no segundo, examina a normatização que define critérios para sua concessão. Parte do entendimento do bônus-mérito numa visão de totalidade política em suas múltiplas dimensões. Os aspectos conclusivos do estudo revelam que o bônus se caracteriza como um instrumento de regulação na tentativa de melhoria do desempenho do sistema. Palavras-Chave: Política Educacional; Bônus; Valorização dos Profissionais do Magistério.
In a spin
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: December 2018

These spinning and twirling toys and decorations are an easy and fun way to introduce children to optical illusions while also covering lots of different learning areas in the EYFS.
What artists value when providing workshops for clinical students in a regional training setting: A qualitative study
Authors: Bennett Paul W. , Hooker Claire
Published: December 2018

This study investigates artists’ perspectives in participating as non-traditional (not medically trained) teachers in a clinical training programme. We conducted semi-structured one-to-one interviews with artists who provided art-based workshops to undergraduate clinical students within the ENRICH programme, a unique clinical training programme in regional Australia. We identified five interconnected conceptual themes. Artists’ constructed value in terms of an ethic of reciprocal respect for developing professional identity − their own and of the students. This was constructed in a concept of reciprocal contribution to, and validating support from, local community. Artists’ perspectives should not be regarded as extrinsic to evaluations of clinical training programmes. Artists valued participation that went beyond the usual features of developing student capacities for empathy and insight into patient experiences. We suggest that incorporating artists into programme design from the beginning may provide more opportunities to inclusively develop dimensions of value for all participants.
Learners’ perceptions of daily singing in a school community severely affected by earthquakes: Links to subjective well-being
Authors: Rickson Daphne , Reynolds Diana , Legg Robert
Published: December 2018

This article describes learners’ perceptions of daily singing in a school community severely affected by earthquakes, and considers whether and how their experiences might contribute towards well-being. The findings are drawn from Action Research led by a core team of two university researchers and the deputy principal of the school. Learners’ perceptions of singing were linked to indicators of well-being drawn from three models of well-being that were developed with children in mind. Our findings suggest that daily group singing in the classroom has the potential to be particularly helpful in increasing positivity; enhancing relationships; supporting engagement and achievement-related outcomes; and is often energizing. The resources that singing afforded, in an atmosphere of fun and enjoyment, appeared to support learners in managing the significant challenges that they were facing, and in turn in preparing them to engage with academic tasks.
De los pioneros a los epígonos
Authors: Fernández Granados Jorge
Published: December 2018

Balance crítico de las antologías de poesía mexicana publicadas en los últimos años. Se toma como paradigma metodológico en este género la antología Asamblea de poetas jóvenes de México, publicada en 1980 por Gabriel Zaid, para a partir de ella comparar los diversos alcances y los verdaderos objetivos que inciden en la mayoría de las obras de este tipo. Se ofrece al final una exhaustiva bibliografía y hemerografía del caso. La parte medular del ensayo se propone revisar el papel del antólogo, el de las instituciones académicas y el de los programas del Estado para promover a los jóvenes autores. Ante todo, se discute el problemático lugar de la crítica en el panorama de la actual poesía mexicana.
La identidad colectiva en tres cuentos latinoamericanos
Authors: Quezada Camberos Silvia
Published: December 2018

La identidad colectiva es una entidad relacional conformada por personas vinculadas entre sí, conectadas por un sentimiento común de pertenencia. El conjunto de individualidades comparte un núcleo de símbolos y representaciones sociales que los lleva a actuar en una misma dirección cuando se presentan problemas comunes (Valenzuela). Desde la psicología social, los actores en colectivo atribuyen significados específicos a los hechos con los cuales se enfrentan, así como a los sistemas de relaciones sociales en los que se insertan dichas acciones (Della Porta & Diani). La identidad colectiva puede observarse cuando un conjunto de individualidades actúa hacia una misma dirección, convencida del bien común. Este artículo se acerca a tres cuentos latinoamericanos que comparten dicha temática: «Y vendimos la lluvia» de Carmen Naranjo; «Los trabajos de la ballena» de Eraclio Zepeda y «La vaca» de Carlos Changmarín con el objetivo de mostrar la representatividad de la identidad colectiva.
Las aguas del corazón: consideraciones sobre la poesía de Ramón Xirau
Authors: Rangel López Asunción , Solórzano Esqueda Lilia
Published: December 2018

El artículo describe la geografía poética en algunos momentos de la obra en verso de Ramón Xirau, la cual toma en consideración la tierra natal del también filósofo, esto es, Cataluña, y México, país al que arriba en 1939. A partir de una reflexión sobre el origen de la palabra nómada y las diferencias de grado con las acepciones del viajero, del aventurero y del exiliado, se articula una lectura a través de uno de los símbolos por excelencia del viajero, es decir: el mar. En ese tenor, se reflexiona a propósito de la simbología del mar en su poesía como elemento que concilia y separa, así como de la memoria, el tiempo y la presencia, conceptos fundamentales para el filósofo mexicano-catalán.
Brevísima lascasiana: cómo reeditar un clásico colonial hispanoamericano
Authors: Teglia Vanina María
Published: December 2018

¿Cuáles son las preguntas que todo lector se hace ante un texto colonial hispanoamericano? Y ¿cuáles son los cuestionamientos que persisten si el texto en cuestión podría considerarse canónico? Para hacer una edición de un texto colonial antiguo, es necesario considerar las respuestas a este tipo de preguntas. Así, en primer lugar, son insoslayables las problemáticas vinculadas al proceso colonial en el que el texto es producido. Por esto, habría que señalar los cambios discursivos definidos por el contexto del Nuevo Mundo y, más precisamente, por el contexto transatlántico de producción; prever, del mismo modo, las lecturas que podrían emerger de una lectura al día de hoy. La situación se da de manera diferente en textos medievales o del Siglo de Oro producidos en contextos metropolitanos o que no implican un traslado de formas simbólicas vinculadas al poder. En esos otros textos, emerge la necesidad de relevar recursos significativos determinados particularmente por el específico sistema discursivo que crea la novedosa situación colonial de enunciación. También, es necesario reflexionar sobre el género –muy pasible de transformaciones en estos casos–, sobre el contexto que otorga verosimilitud y los usos de estos efectos, sobre la polifonía de los testigos de vista de los hechos y del mundo natural, y reconocer si hubo inversión o novedad en la representación de los nativos, entre otros. En suma, en este trabajo, propongo que las ediciones de textos coloniales respondan preguntas acerca de cuáles son las transformaciones discursivas y los posicionamientos del texto respecto de un corpus colonial –entendido en sentido amplio– y del proceso de conquista y colonización.
Extensión en el territorio y territorio en la extensión. Aportes a la discusión desde el campo de la Geografía
Authors: Arzeno Mariana
Published: December 2018

El artículo busca problematizar el uso del concepto de territorio dentro del campo de la extensión universitaria. Con ese fin se revisan algunas discusiones sobre las ideas de espacio y territorio desarrolladas desde la Geografía para luego establecer algunos cruces entre territorio y extensión en términos teórico–metodológicos y sus posibles implicancias práctico–políticas. En particular, se discuten tres formas complementarias de entender el territorio desarrolladas desde el campo de la geografía brasilera: como campo de fuerzas, como espacio apropiado y como experiencia múltiple. El artículo concluye que considerar la complejidad del concepto de territorio y la multiplicidad de nuestras territorializaciones es central a la hora de repensar la función social de la extensión universitaria.
Resultados de la interacción con la comunidad en la formación universitaria desde el enfoque de las capacidades. Un estudio de caso en la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica
Authors: Monge Hernández Carmen , Mena García Priscilla , Gamboa Conejo Rita
Published: December 2018

Este trabajo apunta al análisis de una experiencia de integralidad de las funciones académicas, sustentada en la extensión universitaria, que realiza la Escuela de Planificación y Promoción Social (EPPS) de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica (UNA). Nos proponemos aportar a la comprensión de algunos de los beneficios formativos conseguidos con el trabajo de Universidad y comunidad por los estudiantes de planificación económica y social a través de metodologías participativas, utilizando el enfoque de las capacidades para el desarrollo humano promovido por Sen y Nussbaum. En los resultados se destaca una gran riqueza en los procesos formativos, a partir de la relación dialógica, participativa, de interacción y construcción de saberes importante para el desarrollo humano de las personas. En la interrelación con los grupos más vulnerables y alejados de los beneficios de las políticas del Estado, mediante la puesta en práctica de los conocimientos teóricos y metodológicos adquiridos en la carrera y la realimentación con los otros saberes, se logran aprendizajes significativos que incrementan la sensibilidad, fortalecen los valores sociales y mejoran el análisis y la comprensión crítica de las necesidades sociales. Por lo tanto, los estudiantes tienen la oportunidad de tener una formación académica más integral y humanista.
Seis lecciones de educación matemática en tiempos de cambio. Itinerarios didácticos para aprender más y mejor
Authors: Alsina Ángel
Published: December 2018

Las matemáticas se han presentado tradicionalmente como un conocimiento abstracto que se aprende mediante la ejercitación: ¡cuántos más ejercicios, mejor aprendizaje! Nada más lejos de la realidad: la mecánica ayuda a memorizar, pero no a comprender ni usar eficazmente el conocimiento matemático. El artículo plantea una visión respetuosa con las necesidades reales de los niños para aprender matemáticas: se propone un itinerario que incluye situaciones cotidianas, materiales manipulativos, juegos, recursos literarios, tecnológicos y gráficos y se ofrecen orientaciones para padres y maestros.
Perceptual analysis of heterogeneous stakeholders on the impact of the Rio 2016 games in the territory of Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas
Authors: Campos Leonardo P. O. A. , Araujo Fernando Oliveira de , Freitas Raynne Suzano de , Abreu Chrystyane Gerth Silveira
Published: December 2018

Highlights: Development of partnership with local entities for integrated social actions; Actions and projects are developed as close as possible to the public audience; Participation in meetings and community councils; Establishment of constant dialog between social management and community leaders; Dialog with public entities; Work communication with all the impacts caused by the implementation of the megaproject, according to the affected area.

Goal: Analyze, through a case study, what were the effects resulting from the Rio 2016 Olympic Games in the territory of Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas, and how they were perceived by the stakeholders during and after the performance.

Design / Methodology / Approach: On-site open and participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and on-site questionnaires and descriptive statistics

Results: A series of consequences were triggered, affecting each of the different stakeholders in different ways.

Limitations of the investigation: Megaprojects promote mutually positive and negative impacts concerning the local stakeholders and their multiple and different perceptions. Thus, results cannot be generalized.

Practical implications: Fragmentation of the megaproject, heterogeneity, and perceptions of different stakeholders

Originality / Value: Practices that are sensitive to the stakeholders’ engagement and impacts perceived.