bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental education of students through the school chemistry course based on the principle of local history
Authors: Blazhko Oleh , Blazhko Alina
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to reveal the method of using elements of environmental knowledge based on the principle of local history in teaching some topics of the school chemistry course.The article establishes that environmentalization of educational subjects can be carried out by: introduction of elements of ecological knowledge when teaching some topics of various educational subjects; use of tasks, questions, problems of ecological content; carrying out interdisciplinary environmental activities; introduction of electives and optional courses in specialized classes; teaching ecology as a separate academic discipline.Chemistry, as an educational discipline, makes it possible to use the means of its subject to carry out environmental education of students directly in the learning process, provided that environmental knowledge becomes a function of chemical education. Since the school chemistry course has its own research subject, content, goal, tasks and learning methods, it is subject to both general didactic and specific learning principles. The principle of regionality, or local lore, belongs to the specific principles of teaching chemistry. The principle of local history involves introducing into the educational material information about the locality in which schoolchildren live, about the natural conditions, economy, ecological state of the native region with cognitive, scientific, educational, educational and practical purposes. The use of local history material in chemistry lessons helps to reveal general laws and phenomena that are studied, improves the depth of understanding of the educational material, increases interest in it, enriches students with knowledge about their native region, promotes the development of creative thinking and leads to an understanding of the main problems of their area.Тhe use of ecological material in the school chemistry course based on the principle of local history makes it possible to carry out environmental education of schoolchildren, which contributes to the awareness of students of the need for a careful attitude and rational use of natural resources.
Method of utilizaion of the forbidden chlorinated pesticides through the recycling of the raw materials that include titanium
Authors: Kryklyvyi Rostyslav , Beznosiuk Natalia
Published: March 2023

The article is dedicated to the actual problem of the recycling of the forbidden Chlorinated pesticides. The capacity of the usage of the forbidden Chlorinated pesticides as the chlorinating agents in the process of ilmenite concentrate recycling on the example of hexachlorobenzene is described. The thermodynamic parameters and equilibrium concentrations of obtaining carbon tetrachloride from hexachlorobenzene are defined. The process of chlorinating of the ilmenite concentrate is researched, the change of equilibrium to the concentration starting reagents and the reactions’ products with the carbon tetrachloride from Mining and Metallurgical Complex of Vilnogirsk with the carbon tetrachloride is calculated. It is also showed that with the help of metabolic reactions of carbon tetrachloride and ilmenite it is possible to avoid the difficult redox transformations, which take place in the traditional technology of titanium obtaining.
Revisión del potencial de obtención de biohidrógeno a partir de microalgas en Colombia
Authors: Castiblanco Urrego Orlando , Sandoval Juan Andrés
Published: March 2023

Hydrogen is an essential energy vector considering a transition to a decarbonized system and microalgae are one of the most promising resources for its production. The aim of this work is to review studies related to the production of biohydrogen by means of microalgae to determine and evaluate the different production methods and those factors that affect them, as well as their limitations, considering research carried out all over the world and especially in Colombia. The results have shown that dark fermentation has several advantages compared to other methods, it does not demand large growing spaces, hydrogen is produced at a high rate and with high efficiency, and valuable by-products can be obtained. This makes biohydrogen an attractive energy alternative for the country.
Identification of an unknown person using Y-chromosome markers and mitochondrial dna typing
Authors: Krivda Ruslan G. , Jassim Aymen A. , Fernandez Trokhimtchouk Tatiana B.
Published: March 2023

Background: The present article is concerned within the scope of Forensic Medicine, specifically Forensic Genetics. The case was taken care of in the Genetic-Molecular Laboratory of the Odessa Regional Bureau of Forensic-Medical Examinations, in Ukraine, during January and February of 2014.Objectives: The aim of our work was to identify an unknown person, using the techniques: Y-chromosome markers and mitochondrial DNA typing.Materials and methods: The materials available for our procedure were: pieces of tissue in paraffin blocks, saved from the corpse of the unknown person; blood from a living male subject, who claimed to be the grandfather, and from two females, allegedly the sisters. From all of them we extracted nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) respectively, that was analyzed to compare and draw the proper conclusions.Results: The analyzed genetic materials confirmed the kinship.Conclusion: Using Y-chromosome markers we were able to establish the correspondence of the subject to his paternal line, and by mitochondrial DNA typing we could establish his relation to the proper maternal line.
Management system and productivity of backyard poultry in Jhenidah district of Bangladesh: a survey
Authors: Rahima Farzana Fiza , Jalil Md Abdul , Hossain Md Reshad , Rahman Md Shaheenur
Published: March 2023

This study was carried out to know the current scenarios of rearing backyard poultry in Jhenidah district of Bangladesh. A total of 2832 poultry birds (deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon) were selected from 170 households. The data were collected according to prepared questionnaire. The study revealed that, most of the farmers reared their poultry in semi scavenging system (97.64%). The poultry houses were commonly made of tin and bamboo (88.82%) and some of farmers kept their poultry in houses which were at unsatisfactory level (11.2%). They used polythene, sack, ash, sand, straw, papers separately or together as bedding materials (78.82%) and 21.18% of farmers did not use any bedding materials. They usually cleaned poultry house irregularly (73.53%). The rice (84.71%) as feed supplement followed by boiled rice, paddy, broken rice, wheat and commercial as well,  was commonly given twice (62.9%) in a day. The farmers did not usually use feeder and waterer (44.12%) and use only 8.82% of vaccine. The supplementary feed to each deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon per day were 32.77 g, 38.70 g, 82.04 g and 12.40 g gaining average body weight of 1.19 kg, 1.36 kg, 1.22 kg and 315.35 g respectively. The average egg production per deshi chicken, sonali, duck and pigeon per year were 37.27, 47.30, 84.66, and 19.90 containing average weight 35.01 g, 41.20 g, 52.68 g and 11.10 g successively. Furthermore, the mean hatchability was found 77.50% in deshi chicken, 79.25% in sonali, 78.95% in duck and 97.45% in pigeon along with 28.79% significant (P<0.05) mortality in deshi chicken, 30.35%  in sonali, 14.50%  in duck and 11.40% in pigeon consecutively. The prevalence of diseases were investigated as Newcastle disease, fowl cholera, duck cholera, duck plague and pigeon pox. Diseases (54.1%) are the most current constraints followed by lack of knowledge, predators for poultry rearing in backyard system. This study will support farmers by enhancing their income through improved management practice in backyard poultry.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. 2023, 9 (1), 1-8
Common Invasive Fungal Infection in Bangladesh and Available Management
Authors: Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Noor Nawsabah
Published: March 2023

Invasive fungal diseases are an important cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients and in patients with chronic illnesses. Multiple studies in Bangladesh have documented the frequency of fungal infections in our country and results varied. However, better understanding of the invasive fungal infection includes learning about the epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnostic method which is integral part of improving outcomes. In this review, we discuss the common invasive fungal infection that are prevalent in our country along with the clinical pictures, diagnosis, and treatment. It is hoped that this article will highlight the burden of fungal infections on public health and promote effective diagnosis and therapy.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2023; 41: 164-169
PENGARUH MODEL BLENDED LEARNING BERBANTUAN GAME EDUKASI ONLINE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS 3 SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wibowo Andi , Maulidah Vera Fajariyatul
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kinerja siswa dalam pembelajaran tematik kelas 3 SDN 02 Bringin Wajak. Sat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung peneliti menemukan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa seperti : 1) Penggunaan model yang masih belum bervariasi, 2) Pembelajaran kurang efektif dan tujuan tidak tercapai secara optimal. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengaruh model blended learing berbantuan game edukasi online terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas 3 sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi exsperiment teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dengan pemberian angket, pengisian soal test dan pengumpulan dokumentasi. penelitian ini menilai aspek kognitif yang menggunakan instrumen berupa test (pre-test dan pos-test). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa siswi kelas 3A dan 3 B SDN 02 Bringin Wajak tahun ajaran 2022 dengan jumlah 45 siswa. Data yang diperoleh dihitung dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uj T-test dengan bantuan IBM Stastistik v.23. Perhitungan yang diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 0,00 dan t tabel sebesar 0,206 sehingga t hitung tabel ini berarti Ho ditolak pada taraf signifikan a = 0,05. Dari sini kita dapat menyimpulkan bahwa Ha terdapat pengaruh antara model pembelajaran blended learning terhadap hasil belajar kognitif. Hal ini menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa.
Pengembangan Media Game Ludo Dan Link (GAUL) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa Sekolah Dasar Pada Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Wardhani Dyah Ayu Pramoda , Mauliddiyah I’in Cahya
Published: March 2023

Peralihan pembelajaran daring kepembelajaran tatap muka terbatas mengakibatakan penurunanan hasil belajar siswa sebanyak 55%, serta menimbulkan berbagai dampak lainnya. Tujuan pembelajaran tatap muka terbatas untuk mempermudah siswa memahami pembelajaran secara tatap muka, dimana sebelumya dilakukan secara daring yang dirasa kurang efektif dalam memahami pembelajaran.. Salah satu solusi yang dapat digunakan yaitu penggunaan media pembelajaran. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Media pembelajran GAUL telah di validasi dengan mendapakan kuaifikasi sangat baik. Media GAUL telah di uji kelayakan dengan kualifikasi sangat layak. Presentase dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar sebanyak 88%, sehingga media GAUL layak serta dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas 2 sekolah dasar.
PENGARUH KOMITE AUDIT, DEWAN KOMISARIS, AUDIT TENURE, SPESIALISASI INDUSTRI AUDITOR DAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS TERHADAP INTEGRITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Tanuwijaya Eidelina Eunike , Dwijayanti S, Patricia Febrina ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji tentang pengaruh komite audit, dewan komisaris, audit tenure, spesialisasi industri auditor, serta financial distress terhadap integritas laporan keuangan. Ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengujian hipotesis dan menggunakan data sekunder. Data yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2019-2021 dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling untuk pengambilan sampelnya. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian statistik, dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel mekanisme corporate governance (komite audit dewan komisaris, audit tenure, spesialisasi industri auditor) tidak berpengaruh terhadap integritas laporan keuangan. Namun, untuk variabel financial distress berpengaruh negatif terhadap integritas laporan keuangan.
Platypnea-Orthodeoxia Syndrome Associated with COVID-19 Pneumonia and Prolonged Treatment Due to Tamsulosin Use: A Case Report
Authors: Kızmaz Muhammet , Turunç Özdemir Ayşe , Alkan Zeynep
Published: March 2023

Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is an extremely rare condition. There are no other cases in the literature where tamsulosin has been reported to prolong POS treatment. A 67-year-old male patient was hospitalized due to COVID-19. He was followed up in the ward after being in the intensive care unit for ten days. There was a significant decrease in saturation (SaO2) when sitting and standing compared to lying. He was diagnosed with POS. However, there was no significant improvement in POS with exercises. After stopping the tamsulosin he was using, there was a dramatic improvement. He was discharged on the 72nd day of his hospitalization. Due to COVID-19, POS is more likely to appear than before. It is a condition that clinicians should recognize. The pathophysiology of POS has not been fully elucidated. The case we present suggests that alpha-blockers may also be related to pathophysiology.
HEKİMİN RÜCUEN TAZMİNAT SORUMLULUĞU HAKKINDA GÜNCEL GELİŞME VE DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: BADUR Emel , US DOĞAN Eser
Published: March 2023

Sağlık Hizmetleri Temel Kanununda yapılan değişiklikle hekimin rücuen tazminat sorumluluğu hakkında önemli bir değişiklik gerçekleşmiştir. Bu değişiklik en yalın anlatımla, muayene, teşhis ve tedaviye ilişkin tıbbi işlem ve uygulamalar nedeniyle kamu kurum ve kuruluşları veya devlet üniversiteleri tarafından ödenen tazminatların, hekime rücu edilip edilmeyeceğine ve rücu miktarına, rücu alacaklısı idare tarafından değil; Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu tarafından karar verilmesidir. Söz konusu değişiklik, kamu kurum ve kuruluşları ile devlet üniversitelerinde görev yapan sağlık personeline yöneliktir. Buna göre, idarenin sorumluluğunun söz konusu olup tazminat ödemek zorunda kaldığı durumlarda, sağlık personeline rücu etmesi belli şartlara bağlanmış ve usul de değiştirilmiştir. Bu değişikliğin, idarenin sorumluluğu, kamu görevlisi hekimin kişisel kusuru ve özellikle de anayasal düzenlemeler bağlamında hukuka uygunluğunun tartışılması gerekmektedir.
Arte e polí­tica: breves considerações sobre as leituras de trotski e de Gramsci sobre o futurismo
Authors: Schlesener Anita Helena
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de explicitar a relação entre arte e polí­tica no contexto do marxismo a partir das observações de Leon Trotski e Antonio Gramsci a respeito do futurismo. Este foi um movimento artí­stico que tomou grande impulso na Rússia e na Itália, onde desembocou no fascismo. Para acentuar as relações entre arte e polí­tica, esclarecemos o contexto histórico no qual atuaram os dois grandes revolucionários.
MUSICOTERAPIA E EDUCAÇÃO MUSICAL NO CONTEXTO HOSPITALAR: APROXIMAÇÕES E DISTANCIAMENTOS
Authors: Gattino Gustavo Schulz , Da Silva Livia Cunha , Moura Albertino
Published: March 2023

A utilização da música nos hospitais é uma prática comum que possui registros históricos desde o iní­cio do século passado. Ela tem sido realizada por musicoterapeutas e recentemente por professores de música. Esse artigo tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a práxis do Musicoterapeuta e do Educador Musical no contexto hospitalar através de uma revisão de literatura, com o propósito de mostrar diferenças e semelhanças em cada uma destas atividades a partir de uma análise dos objetivos; processo; relações e participantes envolvidos; recursos, técnicas, métodos; e, população atendida.
DA MUSICOTERAPIA À MUSICOTERAPIA ORIENTADA PELA TEORIA PSICANALÍTICA: FUNDAMENTOS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS
Authors: Ulkowski Iara Del Padre Iarema , Cunha Rosemyriam Ribeiro dos Santos , Pinheiro Nadja Nara Barbosa
Published: March 2023

Apresentamos aqui uma visada sobre os entrelaçamentos entre musicoterapia e psicanálise. Esta pesquisa está sistematizada como um estudo epitemológico. Neste escopo, partimos do estudo abrangente sobre a constituição da musicoterapia como ciência, incluindo uma discussão sobre como se deu a mudança discursiva do uso terapêutico da música com bases mágicas e religiosas, para a musicoterapia como prática cientí­fica. Enfatizamos, também, que a musicoterapia se constitui como ciência pautada em conceitos de outras bases teóricas, que não a sua própria. E que a psicanálise aparece na história da musicoterapia, em especial no Brasil, como uma das primeiras teorias com que a musicoterapia se entrelaça. Dessa forma, em seguida, procedeu-se a articulação entre musicoterapia e psicanálise, apoiadas por autores que se propõem a este tema, tais como Lecourt, Benenzon, Pellizzari, especialmente em seu livro Musicoterapia psicoanalí­tica (1993),e Cirigliano. Notamos que, apesar da grande diversidade de leituras acerca do entrelaçamento entre musicoterapia e psicanálise, há alguns pontos em comum neste campo hí­brido. Alguns conceitos psicanalí­ticos são fundamentos para a prática dos autores pesquisados, como o conceito de Inconsciente postulado por Freud e a noção de transferência.
Novel decision aid model for green supplier selection based on extended EDAS approach under pythagorean fuzzy Z-numbers
Authors: Ashraf Shahzaib , Abbasi Shahzad Noor , Naeem Muhammad , Eldin Sayed M.
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this study is to identify the green suppliers that would most effectively assist manufacturing producers in implementing green manufacturing production while including uncertainty and reliability in their decision-making. For this firstly, we justify and manifest the idea of Pythagorean Fuzzy Z-numbers (PyFZNs). It has significant implications for improving the effectiveness of decision-making processes in several theories of uncertainty. It can more flexibly explain real-world data and human cognition due to its capacity to express imprecise and reliable information. Thus it is a more accurate mathematical tool for addressing accuracy and uncertainty. Secondly, we defined the Pythagorean fuzzy Z-number arithmetic aggregation operators and geometric aggregation operators. Thirdly, based on the proposed operators and EDAS (Evaluation based on distance from average solution) approach, a fast decision model is designed to deal with the issue of multi-criteria decision-making. Finally, using PyFZN data we also provide a numerical example to demonstrate the usability of the created multicriteria decision-making (MDM) approach. Moreover, a case study also proves its efficacy.
Does industry-university-research cooperation promote the environmental efficiency of China’s high-tech manufacturing?
Authors: Peng Feng , Zhang Xichun
Published: March 2023

As one of the important strategic measures to increase the international competitiveness of high-tech manufacturing (HTM), industry-university-research cooperation (IURC) has received increasing attention in China. However, there is little literature to explore the links between IURC and the environmental efficiency (EE) of HTM. To incorporate a variety of environmental pollution indicators into the efficiency analysis framework and reduce the adverse effects of random errors on the estimation results, this article combined the projection pursuit model with the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method and proposed a translog stochastic frontier model considering undesirable outputs to analyze the multiple impacts of IURC on the EE of HTM. The results show that IURC has both a significant negative direct effect and a significant positive indirect effect on HTM’s EE. Although IURC cannot directly promote EE, it has a positive impact on EE of HTM through its complementary effect with research and development (R&D) investment. The results also confirm that the average EE of the whole country is only 0.346, while that of the eastern area is 0.595, and that of the central and western areas are 0.199 and 0.171, respectively. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to improve the EE of China’s HTM industry through a variety of measures, such as promoting IURC and increasing R&D investment in environmental technology. This study not only provides an improved SFA method for measuring EE, but also deepens research on the mechanism of the impact of IURC on HTM’s EE.
Stressed systems: Stroke unit bed occupancy and impact on reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Blauenfeldt Rolf A. , Damgaard Dorte , Simonsen Claus Z.
Published: March 2023

Objectives

We observed a decrease in the number of patients who were offered reperfusion therapy. We aimed to investigate if whether hospital system pressure measured as the percentage of stroke bed occupancy influenced decisions on treatment and disposition.

Design

Data from a regional quality of stroke care database were obtained and linked to the organizational data monitoring of the hourly inpatient stroke bed occupancy rate. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship.

Results

A total of 15,025 admissions were included from 1 January 2019 to 24 August 2022. Of these, 5,659 (38%) had an acute ischemic stroke. The rates of reperfusion therapy treatment were the highest in 2019 (36.2%) and 2020 (34.1%) and declined afterward (30.0% in 2021). In the logistic regression analysis, an occupancy rate of ≥85% in the hour of the first admission was associated with reduced odds of admission at the stroke unit within 3 h from the symptom onset [adjusted odds ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: (0.71–0.90), p < 0.001] and a reduced odds of receiving reperfusion therapy (adjusted odds ratio: 0.83 (0.73–0.95), p = 0.007).

Conclusion

An increased bed occupancy level in the hour of the first hospital admission for stroke patients was strongly associated with decreased odds of receiving reperfusion therapy.
The effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation of the unilateral cerebellar hemisphere on swallowing-related brain regions in healthy subjects
Authors: Wang Bingyan , Sun Hui , Pan Xiaona , Ma Wenshuai , Dong Linghui , Wang Qiang , Meng Pingping
Published: March 2023

Objective

We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of swallowing-related brain regions using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in healthy subjects who underwent intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on dominant or non-dominant cerebellar hemispheres.

Methods

Thirty-nine healthy subjects were randomized into three groups that completed different iTBS protocols (dominant cerebellum group, non-dominant cerebellum group and sham group). Before iTBS, the resting motor threshold (rMT) was measured by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) on the cerebellar representation of the suprahyoid muscles, and the dominant cerebellar hemisphere for swallowing was determined. Forty-eight hours after elution, iTBS protocols were completed: in the dominant cerebellum group, iTBS was administered to the dominant cerebellar hemisphere, and the non-dominant cerebellar hemisphere was given sham stimulation; in the non-dominant cerebellum group, iTBS was administered to the non-dominant cerebellar hemisphere, and sham stimulation was delivered to the dominant cerebellar hemisphere; in the sham group, sham stimulation was applied to the cerebellum bilaterally. Rs-fMRI was performed before and after iTBS stimulation to observe changes in the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in the whole brain.

Results

Compared with baseline, the dominant cerebellum group showed increased fALFF in the ipsilateral cerebellum, and decreased fALFF in the ipsilateral middle temporal gyrus and contralateral precuneus after iTBS; the iTBS of the non-dominant cerebellum group induced increased fALFF in the ipsilateral superior frontal gyrus, the calcarine fissure and the surrounding cortex, and the contralateral inferior parietal lobule; and in the sham group, there was no significant difference in fALFF. Exploring the effects induced by iTBS among groups, the dominant cerebellum group showed decreased fALFF in the contralateral calcarine fissure, and surrounding cortex compared with the sham group.

Conclusion

Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the dominant cerebellar hemisphere for swallowing excited the ipsilateral cerebellum, and stimulation of the non-dominant cerebellar hemisphere increased the spontaneous neural activity of multiple cerebrocortical areas related to swallowing. In conclusion, regardless of which side of the cerebellum is stimulated, iTBS can facilitate part of the brain neural network related to swallowing. Our findings provide supporting evidence that cerebellar iTBS can be used as a potential method to modulate human swallowing movement.
NF-kB and the CLL microenvironment
Authors: O’Donnell Alice , Pepper Chris , Mitchell Simon , Pepper Andrea
Published: March 2023

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent type of leukemia in the western world. Despite the positive clinical effects of new targeted therapies, CLL still remains an incurable and refractory disease and resistance to treatments are commonly encountered. The Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor has been implicated in the pathology of CLL, with high levels of NF-κB associated with disease progression and drug resistance. This aberrant NF-κB activation can be caused by genetic mutations in the tumor cells and microenvironmental factors, which promote NF-κB signaling. Activation can be induced via two distinct pathways, the canonical and non-canonical pathway, which result in tumor cell proliferation, survival and drug resistance. Therefore, understanding how the CLL microenvironment drives NF-κB activation is important for deciphering how CLL cells evade treatment and may aid the development of novel targeting therapeutics. The CLL microenvironment is comprised of various cells, including nurse like cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, follicular dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells. By activating different receptors, including the B cell receptor and CD40, these cells cause overactivity of the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Within this review, we will explore the different components of the CLL microenvironment that drive the NF-κB pathway, investigating how this knowledge is being translated in the development of new therapeutics.
Beneath the cuff: Often overlooked and under-reported blood flow restriction device features and their potential impact on practice—A review of the current state of the research
Authors: Rolnick Nicholas , Kimbrell Kyle , de Queiros Victor
Published: March 2023

Training with blood flow restriction (BFR) has been shown to be a useful technique to improve muscle hypertrophy, muscle strength and a host of other physiological benefits in both healthy and clinical populations using low intensities [20%–30% 1-repetition maximum (1RM) or <50% maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max)]. However, as BFR training is gaining popularity in both practice and research, there is a lack of awareness for potentially important design characteristics and features associated with BFR cuff application that may impact the acute and longitudinal responses to training as well as the safety profile of BFR exercise. While cuff width and cuff material have been somewhat addressed in the literature, other cuff design and features have received less attention. This manuscript highlights additional cuff design and features and hypothesizes on their potential to impact the response and safety profile of BFR. Features including the presence of autoregulation during exercise, the type of bladder system used, the shape of the cuff, the set pressureversusthe interface pressure, and the bladder length will be addressed as these variables have the potential to alter the responses to BFR training. As more devices enter the marketplace for consumer purchase, investigations specifically looking at their impact is warranted. We propose numerous avenues for future research to help shape the practice of BFR that may ultimately enhance efficacy and safety using a variety of BFR technologies.
Physiological demands of racket sports: a systematic review
Authors: Cádiz Gallardo María Pía , Pradas de la Fuente Francisco , Moreno-Azze Alejandro , Carrasco Páez Luis
Published: March 2023

The practice of racket sports has had an exponential growth in the last decade, along with it, the scientific interest in researching the different disciplines: badminton, padel, table tennis, tennis, and squash. However, most research has focused on the technical and tactical field. Therefore, the aim of this review is to analyze and compare the indicators of the internal load of each sport: heart rate (HR), maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), oxygen consumption (VO2), and lactate (LA) in order to reset physiological references to adjust the training of the players and also use these references to propose the practice of these sports for healthy purposes to the general population. PRISMA Guidelines for Systematic Review were used to search for articles that met the inclusion criteria in three databases: Web of Science, Pubmed, and Sportdiscus. The search was performed between January 2010, and September 2022. Finally, a total 27 records were included for analysis in this study. The main findings were related to the differences in the intensity rates between sports. The highest lactate concentrations and heart values were found in badminton in the intensity of effort values (whose highest values were found in badminton) 10.11 (±4.99) mmol/L and 182.6 (±2.7) bpm respectively, whereas table tennis showed the lowest ones 1.2 (± 0.4) mmol/L, and 103.99 (±15.09) bpm, respectively. The highest mean VO2 was found in table tennis with a value of 36.8 (±13.2) ml/kg/min and the lowest in tennis with a value of 26.6 (±2.7) ml/kg/min. The highest VO2max was found in tennis players 58.0 (±4.6) ml/kg/min, and the lowest value was in table tennis with a value of 42.9 (±4.2) ml/kg/min. Since most of the studies were carried out on elite men players, future research should focus on amateur and women level players.
Physiological and neural synchrony in emotional and neutral stimulus processing: A study protocol
Authors: Hollandt Maike , Kaiser Tim , Mohrmann Heino , Richter Jan , Wirkner Janine
Published: March 2023

Background

As psychotherapy involves at least two individuals, it is essential to include the interaction perspective research. During interaction, synchrony, i.e., the occurrence of simultaneous responses, can be observed at the physiological, neural, and behavioral level. Physiological responses include heart rate and electrodermal activity; neural markers can be measured using electroencephalogram. Emotionally arousing stimuli are allocated more attentional resources (motivated attention), which is reflected in physiological activation and brain potentials. Here we present a protocol for a pilot study implementing a new research methodology, and replication of the motivated attention to emotion effect in in dyads. There is evidence that higher synchrony is associated with more positive (therapeutic) relationships. Thus, the secondary outcome will be the association between physiological and neural synchrony and subjective ratings.

Methods and design

Individuals (18−30 years) will participate in same-sex pairs in two experiments. In the first experiment (triadic interaction), both participants attentively watch unpleasant, neutral and pleasant pictures, and read/listen to standardized scripts (unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant, respectively) for the imagination task. In the second experiment, participants will read out three scripts (unpleasant, neutral, pleasant) to each other, followed by a joint imagination period. Stimuli will be presented in counterbalanced orders. After each picture and imagination, participants rate their subjective arousal and valence. In the beginning and in the end of the procedure, dyads rate their relationship, sympathy, and bonds (Working Alliance Inventory subscale). Heart rate, electrodermal activity and electroencephalogram will be continuously measured during both experiments using portable devices (EcgMove4 and EdaMove4, nine-channel B-Alert X-Series mobile-wireless EEG). Synchrony analyses will include the dual electroencephalography analysis pipeline, correlational analyses and Actor–Partner Interdependence Models.

Discussion

The present study protocol provides an experimental approach to investigate interpersonal synchrony during emotion processing, allowing for the establishment of research methods in a pilot study, which can later be translated into real-life psychotherapy research. In the future, fundamental understanding of such mechanisms in dyadic interactions is essential in order to promote therapeutic relationships, and thus, treatment effectiveness and efficiency.
Prevalence and variables associated with depression, anxiety, and stress among Chilean higher education students, post-pandemic
Authors: Martínez-Líbano Jonathan , Torres-Vallejos Javier , Oyanedel Juan C. , González-Campusano Nicol , Calderón-Herrera Gilda , Yeomans-Cabrera María-Mercedes
Published: March 2023

Background

Mental health among university students is a public health problem in Chile, understanding that this population is susceptible to mental disorders.

Objective

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and variables influencing depression, anxiety, and stress in Chilean university students.

Method

A representative sample (n = 1,062) of Chilean university students and a cross-sectional study design were used. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed to identify risk factors associated with symptomatology. They were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A questionnaire with sociodemographic variables was applied in November 2022, in addition to the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS-21), instruments with excellent reliability in this population (α = 0.955; ω = 0.956). On the other hand, the Questionnaire of Problematic Alcohol and Drug Consumption (DEP-ADO) was applied. A descriptive analysis was performed, followed by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression using SPSS version 25. The variables showed a value of p <0.05; they were declared statistically significant in the final model. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted to a 95% confidence interval (95% CI), which was used to determine the independent predictors.

Results

The prevalence of mental health problems in this population was high, with depressive symptoms in 63.1% of the sample; 69.2% with anxiety; 57% with stress; 27.4% with problematic alcohol consumption; and 14.9% with inappropriate marijuana consumption. Some 10.1% of the sample reported daily medication with antidepressants and/or anxiolytics. Concerning significant variables for depression, these were: being female, belonging to sexual, not having children, having problematic marijuana use, and using prescription drugs. Concerning anxiety, the significant variables were being a woman, belonging to sexual minorities, being an adolescent, and consuming prescription medication. Finally, concerning stress, the significant variables were being a woman, belonging to sexual minorities, being a student dedicated exclusively to academic activities, and taking prescription medication.

Conclusion

Chilean university students presented a high prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress, where being female and belonging to sexual minorities seem to be the variables that have the greatest impact on susceptibility to mental health problems. These results should call the attention of political and university authorities in Chile to improve this population’s mental health and quality of life since they are the following professional generation of our country.
Are we ready for the next pandemic? Lessons learned from healthcare professionals’ perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Alsaeed Dalal , Al-Ozairi Abdullah , Alsarraf Hussain , Albarrak Fajer , Al-Ozairi Ebaa
Published: March 2023

Background

The mental health and wellbeing of people watching the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic unfold has been discussed widely, with many experiencing feelings of anxiety and depression. The state of mental health of medical staff on the frontlines providing care should be examined; medical staff are overworked to meet the demands of providing care to the rise in cases and deterioration in capacity to meet demands, and this has put them under great psychological pressure. This may lead to an increase in medical errors, affect quality of care, and reduce staff retention rates. Understanding the impact the pandemic has had on healthcare professionals is needed to provide recommendations to prepare for future crises.

Objectives

To be able to meet the needs of the medical workforce on the frontlines and inform psychological support interventions and strategies for future pandemics, we aim to identify and explore the psychological impact of COVID-19 in Kuwait on healthcare professionals in close contact with patients.

Methods

Using semi-structured interviews, we conducted interviews between February and July 2021 with 20 healthcare professionals across Ministry of Health hospitals who were part of COVID teams. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and analysis was conducted using principles of thematic framework analysis.

Results

Three themes emerged to help prepare future healthcare frontline workers on an individual, organizational, and national level: enhance self-resilience, a better-equipped workforce and healthcare environment, and mitigate stigma and increase public awareness.

Conclusion

The results have assisted in highlighting areas of improvement to support the healthcare workforce in the current environment, as well as better prepare them for future pandemics. The findings have also provided insight to recommend targeted interventions. These should improve the psychological wellbeing and help in supporting healthcare professionals to reduce burnout, continue effective care of patients, and enhance resilience.
Distribution, transportation, and coordination in African indigenous vegetables value chains: A scoping review
Authors: Alulu Joseph , Makyao Mary , Huyskens-Keil Susanne , Lenz Barbara , Muendo Kavoi M. , Mganilwa Zacharia , Mbeche Robert , Mgaya Prosper , Mithöfer Dagmar
Published: March 2023

Malnutrition continues to be a major problem with negative implications on economic and human development in many parts of the world, including in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Strengthening promising underutilized crops that are nutrient dense, climate resilient, and locally adaptable is an instrumental approach to enhancing dietary diversity. Due to their nutritional and economic benefits, African Indigenous Vegetables (AIVs) have the potential to contribute to livelihoods and address challenges of food and nutrition insecurity. Despite their importance but due to their perishability, AIVs tend to suffer from high post-harvest losses (PHLs). Effective distribution systems along the value chain have the potential to reduce PHLs for AIVs. We therefore conducted a scoping review on transport systems and coordination in AIVs value chains in SSA. The objectives of this review were to summarize and analyze the focus of research in AIVs transport, to analyze the extent to which the literature synthesizes interactions of sub-components of the chains, and to identify knowledge gaps in AIVs transport literature. Based on the research foci, we categorize the reviewed articles into seven themes. Our analyses indicate that distance to agricultural market is a fundamental aspect of AIVs transportation, as it interacts with transport costs, market participation, produce quality, and profit efficiency. Results show that collective action is instrumental in the coordination of AIVs transportation and that it contributes to cost reduction. Following light exploration of determinants of choice of means of transport, we recommend further research in this area for improvement of transportation in AIVs value chains.
Evaluation and diagnosis of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea—An update
Authors: Teplitzky Taylor B. , Zauher Audrey , Isaiah Amal
Published: March 2023

Purpose

Formal overnight polysomnography (PSG) is required to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Most clinical guidelines do not recommend home-based tests for pediatric OSA. However, PSG is limited by feasibility, cost, availability, patient discomfort, and resource utilization. Additionally, the role of PSG in evaluating disease impact may need to be revised. There is a strong need for alternative testing that can stratify the need for PSG and improve the time to diagnosis of OSA. This narrative review aims to evaluate and discuss innovative approaches to pediatric SDB diagnosis.

Findings

Methods to evaluate pediatric SDB outside of PSG include validated questionnaires, single-channel recordings, incorporation of telehealth, home sleep apnea testing (HSAT), and predictive biomarkers. Despite the promise, no individual metric has been found suitable to replace standard PSG. In addition, their use in combination to diagnose OSA diagnosis still needs to be defined.

When combined with adjunct assessments, HSAT advancements may accurately evaluate SDB in children and thus minimize the need for overnight in-laboratory PSG. Further studies are required to confirm diagnostic validity vis-à-vis PSG as a reference standard.
How to Treat Yourself Like You Are Your Own Best Friend
Authors: Alkozei Anna , Sheehan Kate , Piacentini John C. , Bluth Karen
Published: March 2023

Imagine you just got a bad grade on a test. What kind of thoughts would be running through your head? When something difficult like this happens, a lot of us will talk to ourselves in a harsh tone of voice, be very critical, and call ourselves names. Now imagine it were your friend who got a bad grade—what would you say to them? Most people say that they would be much kinder to their friend, use a calmer tone of voice, and say something supportive and encouraging. They would show their friend compassion, which means they would feel what their friend was feeling and wish to help them. When people show that same level of compassion to themselves, it is called self-compassion. In this article, we will explain exactly what self-compassion is, how you can use it in your life, and how it can help you to be more satisfied in your life.
Talent concentration and competitive imbalance in European soccer
Authors: Frick Bernd , Quansah Tommy Kweku , Lang Markus
Published: March 2023

Introduction

While most of the available literature on competitive balance analyses its impact on ticket sales and TV audiences, less empirical research is available that examines the observable variation in competitive balance across leagues and over time. This paper studies the concentration of player talent and end-of-season league points to empirically assess whether leagues with a more equal distribution of player talent produce a more balanced competition than leagues with less equal distribution.

Methods

The longitudinal data we use to estimate our empirical model comes from professional soccer leagues in twelve Western European countries from 2005/06 thru 2020/21, yielding 5,299 club-season observations.

Results

Our empirical analysis indicates that talent concentration in a league significantly and positively impacts points concentration in that league. However, in specifications controlling for year, country, and division, this impact is only weakly significant or insignificant, suggesting that talent concentration does not significantly affect competitive balance in that league. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that the relationship between talent and points concentration does not vary considerably across the European leagues or over time.

Discussion

Our results suggest that repeated participation in the UEFA Champions League, with its considerable monetary returns by (more or less) the same subset of teams, does not increase competitive imbalance in the respective national league. Thus, with relatively few additional regulatory interventions, the promotion and relegation system in the open European soccer leagues seems effective in ensuring a balanced competition.
The use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in 4 dogs undergoing bronchoscopy
Authors: de Jaureguizar Tesas Maria Rosa , Matson Hannah , Tappin Simon , Thomas Emily
Published: March 2023

Introduction

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy is a method to deliver warmed, humidified air-oxygen blended at high flow rates to patients through a nasal cannula using a specialized, commercially available machine. This is a well-tolerated, safe and effective method for oxygen delivery to healthy and hypoxemic dogs. Patients undergoing bronchoscopic procedures frequently develop hypoxemia. Human trials have shown a reduction in incidents of hypoxemic events and higher pulse oximeter oxygen saturation during bronchoscopies in patients on High-Flow Nasal Oxygen.

Materials and methods

This is a single-centre, prospective case series. All dogs weighing between 5 and 15 kg and undergoing bronchoscopy during the study period (03/07/2022-01/10/2022) were eligible.

Results

Twelve patients were eligible for inclusion of which four were enrolled. No clinically significant complications related to the use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy were recorded. Two of the patients were re-intubated post bronchoscopy due to clinician preference for recovery. One of the patients had a self-limiting period of severe hypoxemia with a pulse oximeter oxygen saturation of 84% for < 1 min during bronchoalveolar lavage, and whilst undergoing High-Flow Nasal Oxygen administration. Another patient had a self-limiting episode of mild hypoxemia (SpO2of 94% lasting < 1 min) 5 min after completion of bronchoalveolar lavage.

Conclusion

No clinically relevant complications relating to High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy were recorded in this case series, although further studies are required to confirm this conclusion. This initial data suggests that the use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen therapy during bronchoscopy is feasible and potentially safe, although it may not prevent hypoxemia in these patients. The use of High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy during bronchoscopy in small patients carries multiple potential benefits and further studies to compare its efficacy against other traditional oxygen delivery systems are warranted in this patient population.