bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantum-mechanical Rotational and Vibrational Signatures of Astrophyscially relevant Gas-Phase Stereo-isomeric Species of Leucine
Authors: Rani Namrata , Vikas .
Published: December 2020

The search for life-supporting molecules in outer space is an ever
growing endeavour. Towards this, the quantum-mechanical computations
supporting the astronomical spectroscopic observations are becoming
valuable tools to unravel the complex chemical network in the
interstellar medium (ISM). In the present work, quantum-mechanical
computations are performed to obtain the rotational and vibrational
line-data of gas-phase conformers of amino acid Leucine and its isomeric
species predicted to be involved in its stereoinversion under the
conditions of ISM. These species exhibit diverse chemistry including
branched skeleton and zwitterionic ammonium ylides. Notably, the present
work employs vibrational second order perturbation theory to account for
anharmonic effects in rotational and vibrational transitions. The
spectroscopic data computed in this work can assist in the detection of
Leucine and its isomeric species in different regions of ISM.
Possibility of achieving an acceptable response rate of gas-filled surge arresters by substitution of alpha radiation sources by selection of electrode material and the electrode surface topography
Authors: Arbutina Dalibor , Vasic-Milovanovic Aleksandra , Nedic Teodora , Janicijevic Aco , Timotijevic Ljubinko
Published: December 2020

The possibility of substituting the usage of a radioactive ?-source to
improve the characteristics of the gas surge arrester is considered in
this paper. The solution to this problem is sought in the engineering of
the characteristics by applying different electrode materials and varying
electrode surface topography. Materials that differ in the output work value
were examined. The electrode surface topographies were either polished, or
with engraved regular spikes, or with polished cavities. The paper is mostly
experimental in nature. The experiments were performed under
well-controlled laboratory conditions. The measurement uncertainty of the
experimental procedure was satisfactory. Experimental results were
processed by sophisticated statistical methods of low statistical
unreliability. The obtained results show that it is possible to avoid the
installation of a radioactive source in the gas surge arresters and how it
should be done. In this way, a possible contamination of the natural
environment with extremely dangerous ??radioactive sources would be
avoided.
Extended Use of the Control-IQ Closed-Loop Control System in Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Kanapka Lauren G. , Wadwa R. Paul , Breton Marc D. , Ruedy Katrina J. , Ekhlaspour Laya , Forlenza Gregory P. , Cengiz Eda , Schoelwer Melissa J. , Jost Emily , Carria Lori , Emory Emma , Hsu Liana J. , Weinzimer Stuart A. , DeBoer Mark D. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Oliveri Mary , Kollman Craig , Dokken Betsy B. , Cherñavvsky Daniel , Beck Roy W.
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

To further evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Control-IQ closed-loop control (CLC) system in children with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

After a 16-week randomized clinical trial (RCT) comparing CLC with sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy in 101 children 6–13 years old with type 1 diabetes, 22 participants in the SAP group initiated use of the CLC system (referred to as SAP-CLC cohort), and 78 participants in the CLC group continued use of CLC (CLC-CLC cohort) for 12 weeks.

RESULTS

In the SAP-CLC cohort, mean percentage of time in range 70–180 mg/dL (TIR) increased from 55 ± 13% using SAP during the RCT to 65 ± 10% using CLC (P < 0.001), with 36% of the cohort achieving TIR >70% plus time <54 mg/dL <1% compared with 14% when using SAP (P = 0.03). Substantial improvement in TIR was seen after the 1st day of CLC. Time <70 mg/dL decreased from 1.80% to 1.34% (P < 0.001). In the CLC-CLC cohort, mean TIR increased from 53 ± 17% prerandomization to 67 ± 10% during the RCT and remained reasonably stable at 66 ± 10% through the 12 weeks post-RCT. No episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia occurred in either cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

This further evaluation of the Control-IQ CLC system supports the findings of the preceding RCT that use of a closed-loop system can safely improve glycemic control in children 6–13 years old with type 1 diabetes from the 1st day of use and demonstrates that these improvements can be sustained through 28 weeks of use.
Laser dissimilar welding of copper and steel thin sheets for battery production
Authors: Pérez Zapico Eriel , Ascari Alessandro , Dimatteo Vincenzo , Fortunato Alessandro
Published: December 2020

Laser processing of metallic thin sheets has gained undoubted industrial interest in the last decade especially due to its implications in the e-mobility field. In particular, dissimilar welding of thin sheets made of different materials, such as aluminum, copper, and steel is nowadays recognized as an effective solution for many joining applications in battery and related component production. According to these considerations, the present paper is aimed at evaluating the possibility to perform a sound joining of thin copper sheets on thin steel ones in a lap-welding configuration. This application is of particular interest especially when cylindrical cells have to be electrically connected to any of the elements constituting the battery, such as printed circuit boards, busbars, etc. By means of a continuous wave fiber laser and a galvo scanner, an experimental campaign was carried out in order to define a process window for characterizing the above-mentioned welding application. The results were characterized by means of metallographic analyses, microhardness measurements, electrical conductivity tests, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive system analyses. Particular attention was placed on the role of process parameters in controlling the penetration depth on the lower steel layer, since it constitutes the external housing of the single cell and a drop through can seriously damage the cell itself.
Percursos Formativos no Campo da Extensão: obra cinematográfica como dispositivo para o diálogo
Authors: De Oliveira Everton Ferrer , Parise Moscato Jarbas , Da Costa de Oliveira Helena Beatriz , Bianchi Paula
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho faz a análise de uma atividade cinematográfica realizada no projeto de extensão Percursos Formativos no Campo da Extensão, proposto pelo Curso de Pedagogia, realizado no ano de 2017 na Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Jaguarão-RS-Brasil. A proposta da atividade foi feita pelo Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) do Curso de Bacharelado em Produção e Política Cultural direcionado para os participantes de todos os cursos do Campus Jaguarão da UNIPAMPA e comunidade em geral. Os objetivos do projeto eram ampliar o contato e a prática da extensão universitária e com isso a inserção regional, para tanto foram convidados extensionistas de diferentes áreas. Neste trabalho analisamos a atividade por meio de trinta formulários de avaliação da atividade desenvolvida no projeto de extensão, pano de fundo e cenário dedicados à vivência dos participantes do projeto. Como discussões ressaltamos a proposta e a forma pedagógica instigante trazidas na atividade cinematográfica. Proporcionou-se olhar, escuta e interação no diálogo sobre o processo vivido pelos participantes de diferentes cursos. Como considerações finais destacamos que a atividade orientada pela arte do cinema possibilita abertura  às inovações, tentativas de ampliação do leque para reflexões e observações da realidade e com isso problematizar tanto o dialogo proporcionado pela atividade cinematográfica. Que motivou o debate entre os participantes envolvidos no referido projeto quanto a reflexão acadêmica pautada no cinema.
La (falta de) perspectiva de género en la Ley 14449 de la provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Aladro Almendra
Published: December 2020

Partiendo de la diferencia entre la lucha por la ciudad planteada por Henri Lefebvre y la disputa en el campo jurídico por el derecho a la ciudad, y de la distinción entre la agenda de lucha de las mujeres planteada por las explicaciones de la opresión patriarcal desarrolladas por las feministas materialistas y marxistas y la progresiva conquista de derechos de las mujeres como grupo desaventajado, este artículo propone una exploración de los principios rectores y de las directrices generales de las políticas de hábitat de la Ley 14449 de Acceso Justo al Hábitat desde la perspectiva de género para poder pensar en criterios interpretativos para el derecho a la ciudad de las mujeres. Para reconstruir criterios apropiados, se realizará un análisis de documentos internacionales emanados del Comité de Expertas de la Convención para la Eliminación de Todas las Formas de Discriminación contra la Mujer y del Comité de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales, órganos interpretan el contenido de los dos instrumentos internacionales más relevantes en las materias bajo estudio. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la predominancia de los instrumentos internacionales elegidos como los más importantes en materia de derechos humanos de las mujeres y permitieron identificar los criterios buscados.
Principios Procesales del Derecho en el Proceso de Franz Kafka
Authors: Rodríguez Romero Matías German
Published: December 2020

En el año 1925 se conoció una obra del autor Franz Kafka, inacabada, que fue publicada de manera póstuma por su colega y amigo Max Brod: El Proceso. Un análisis distópico sobre la realidad de los procesos, desde la perspectiva de un sujeto afectado directamente por uno de ellos. Tomando esta obra de ficción, como catalizador, en este artículo analizo la realidad procesal tanto para abogados y legos, bajo el interrogante de ¿qué tan lejos estamos de esa realidad?
Karakteristik Heterotopia Ruang Kafe dalam Al-Karnak Karya Najib Mahfudz: Analisis Other Space Michel Foucault
Authors: Suweleh Fadlun
Published: December 2020

Hal menarik yang menjadi ciri khas tulisan Najib Mahfudz selain politik adalah keberadaan latar tempat kafe yang nyaris tak pernah alpa dari karya-karyanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik heterotopia ruang kafe dalam novel Al-Karnak (1974, 2008) karya Najib Mahfudz. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data penelitian ini berupa kalimat atau dialog antartokoh yang berhubungan dengan kafe dan ruang heterotopia. Dengan menggunakan konsep other space Michel Foucault, penelitian ini menemukan adanya karakteristik heterotopia pada ruang kafe Karnak dalam novel Al-Karnak karya Najib Mahfudz. Sebagai karya memorial, Al-Karnak menggambarkan kafe Karnak dengan sangat kompleks. Kompleksitas tersebut erat kaitannya dengan realitas sosial masyarakat Mesir pasca perang Juni 1967. Kafe Karnak mampu merepresentasikan kondisi masyarakat Mesir yang menanggung beban distopis sekaligus menginginkan kehidupan utopis pada masa itu. Penelitian ini melihat bahwa karakteristik heterotopia yang ditemukan dalam kafe Karnak berkontribusi dalam memproduksi ruang lain, yang direfleksikan melalui imajinasi serta realitas tokoh-tokoh dalam novel.Kata kunci: heterotopia; kafe; ruang lain; utopia[Heterotopia Characteristics of Café in Najib Mahfudz’s Al-Karnak: Michel Foucault’s Other Space Analysis] The interesting thing that characterizes Najib Mahfudz’s works besides politics is the existence of café setting which is almost never neglected from his works. This study aims to describe the heterotopia characteristics of the café space in the novel Al-Karnak (1974, 2008) by Najib Mahfudz. This study uses a qualitative method. The data in this study are in the form of sentences or dialogues between figures related to cafes and heterotopia spaces. By using the concept of other space by Michel Foucault, this research found the characteristics of heterotopia at Karnak café space in Al-Karnak novel by Najib Mahfudz. As a memorial work, Al-Karnak describes Karnak café so complexly. The complexity is closely related to the social realities of the post-war June 1967 Egyptian society. Karnak café is able to represent the conditions of Egyptian society who bear the burden of dystopian as well as want a utopian life in those days. This research then sees that the heterotopia characteristics found in Karnak café can contribute in producing ‘other spaces’ which are reflected through the imagination and reality of the characters in Al-Karnak novel.
Potensi Budaya Kemaritiman di Wilayah Raja Ampat
Authors: Mas'ud Zubair
Published: December 2020

Raja Ampat dikenal sebagai kawasan kepulauan yang terletak di daerah Papua Barat dan menempati wilayah kepala burung Papua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri potensi budaya kemaritiman di wilayah Raja Ampat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu melakukan survei dan menggali informasi dari masyarakat setempat. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dideskripsi dan diinterpretasikan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang berbagai tinggalan kemaritiman berdasarkan materi budaya dan lingkungannya. Temuan yang diperoleh berupa gambar cadas berbentuk perahu, perahu tradisional, dermaga dan perkampungan. Berdasarkan penelitian, pendukung budaya bermukim di sekitar pesisir pantai sehingga lingkungan perairannya mencerminkan adanya jejak aktifitas budaya kemaritiman. Pemanfaatan lingkungan menunjang aktifitas dalam keseharian masyarakat.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ ПЫЛЬЦЫ МАКРОФИТОВ ДЛЯ ПАЛЕОЛИМНОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЙ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОЗЕР ОСТРОВА ЛУНКУЛАНСААРИ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОК ЛАДОЖСКОГО ОЗЕРА)
Authors: Газизова Т.Ю. , Сапелко Т.В.
Published: December 2020

The characteristics of aquatic plants and their changes that could occur in Late Holocene in the course of the development of small lakes located on the Lunkulansaari Island (the northeastern part of Lake Ladoga) are discussed based on pollen analysis of bottom sediment sequences collected in three such lakes. The data obtained suggest that changes in the taxonomic composition and abundance of macrophytes allow reconstructing the stages of the development of the lakes and tracing the relationships between the transgressive-regressive phases of Lake Ladoga development and changes in aquatic vegetation. These findings warrant further use of macrophyte pollen for reconstructing the past changes in lake levels.
O GOLPE DO GOLPE: A ASCENSÃO DO REVISIONISMO DA DITADURA MILITAR BRASILEIRA
Authors: Schargel Sergio
Published: December 2020

Nas eleições de 2018, pela primeira vez desde a redemocratização brasileira, um candidato assumidamente revisionista foi eleito presidente. Este artigo se propõe a discutir a ascensão do revisionismo no Brasil, fruto do ressurgimento do ur-fascismo e da fragilização democrática mundial, da impunidade dos perpetradores com a Lei da Anistia e da consequente fragilização da história. Serão debatidas a oposição entre memória individual, memória coletiva e história, utilizando ideias de pensadores como Sarlo, Pollak, Vidal-Naquet e Halbwachs, com a intenção de ilustrar como uma história frágil é em parte responsável pelo crescimento de um movimento que a questiona e a mutila.
Re-thinking Urban Planning for Singapore’s Extended Lifespan Population of 2050: A League of Its Own
Authors: Yew André Siew Yeong
Published: December 2020

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization’s Healthy Aging and Age Friendly Environment are comprehensive guidelines in ascertaining global standards for betterment of aging populations. However, as an economically established and highly organised city-state, Singapore has its own separate set of criteria regarding successful aging. This paper explores the contexts of living, working, and playing in Singapore’s current 65 and over population and the population over the age of 65 by 2050. The study demonstrates that these elderly life contexts are not only dissimilar to those on which the UN and WHO guidelines are based, but are uniquely Singaporean. These life, work and play contexts of an aging population also generate a new set of criteria that impact the model in urban planning and design for the tropical island-state. In this paper I argue that Singapore’s current 65 and over population is not the typical aging population, but one characterised by an extended lifespan with autonomy, employability, and vitality. These characteristics will be even more prominent for the country’s over the age of 65 by 2050 population, which will be comprised of the current Gen X and Millennials. To maintain sustainability and adaptability, urbanisation strategies in Singapore need to take into consideration these different generations of an aging population, which necessitate that planning and design recognise sets of criteria unique to each generation.
Phenomenon of Genesis of Papillae Pattern Prints on Human Skin
Authors: Lall Annika , Zīle Aelita
Published: December 2020

Papillae pattern prints play an essential role in identification of a person. However, their presence on the object found at the scene does not mean that the identified person committed a specific crime or participated in the concealment of the crime. Therefore, no less important is the object on which there are possible papillae pattern prints left, the mechanism of formation and location of them on the object. The skin of a victim, on which one can visualise the papillae pattern prints, can be one of such objects. However, there is a number of factors that may affect the genesis of papillae pattern prints on human skin that one cannot have an impact on. Identifying study and analysis of such factors may affect testing and introduction of visualisation methods of such prints.

Papillārlīniju rakstu pēdām ir būtiska loma personas identifikācijā. Tomēr to atrašanās uz kāda objekta, kas atrasts notikuma vietā, vēl nenozīmē, ka identificētā persona ir izdarījusi konkrēto noziedzīgo nodarījumu vai ņēmusi dalību noziedzīga nodarījuma slēpšanā. Tāpēc ne mazāk svarīgs ir objekts, uz kura ir atstātas iespējamās papillārlīniju rakstu pēdas, un jautājums, kāds ir pēdu veidošanās mehānisms un izvietojums uz objekta. Viens no šādiem objektiem varētu būt upura āda, uz kuras ir iespējams vizualizēt papillārlīniju rakstu pēdas. Tomēr pastāv vairāki faktori, kas var ietekmēt papillārlīniju rakstu pēdu ģenēzi uz cilvēka ādas un kurus mēs nevaram ietekmēt. Šādu faktoru apzināšana, izpēte un analīze varētu ietekmēt šo pēdu vizualizēšanas metožu aprobēšanu un ieviešanu praksē.
Strategies for posterior-only minimally invasive surgery in thoracolumbar metastatic epidural spinal cord compression
Authors: Alshareef Mohammed Abdul , Klapthor Gibson , Lowe Stephen R. , Barley Jessica , Cachia David , Frankel Bruce M.
Published: December 2020

Background:

Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) is a debilitating sequela of cancer. Here, we evaluated various subtypes of posterior-only minimally invasive spinal (MIS) procedures utilized to address different cancers.

Methods:

Within this retrospective review, we analyzed the treatment of thoracolumbar MESCC treated with three MIS techniques: decompression and fusion (Subgroup A), partial corpectomy (Subgroup B), and full corpectomy (Subgroup C).

Results:

There were 51 patients included in the study; they averaged 58.7 years of age, and 51% were females. Most tumors were in the thoracic spine (51%). The average preoperative Frankel grade was D (62.7%); 69% (35) improved postoperatively. The patients were divided as follows: subgroup A (15 patients = 29.4%), B (19 patients = 37.3%), and C (17 patients = 33.3%). The length of hospitalization was similar (~5.4 days) for all groups. The overall complication rate was 31%, while blood loss was lower in Subgroups A and B versus C.

Conclusion:

Different MIS surgical techniques were utilized in patients with thoracic and/or lumbar MESCC. Interestingly, clinical outcomes were similar between MIS subgroups, in this study, with a trend toward higher complications and greater blood loss associated with those undergoing more aggressive MIS procedures (e.g., full corpectomy and fusion).
PROPERTY INTEREST IN MAINTENANCE OBLIGATIONS: ON THE SCOPE OF ARTICLE 86 FAMILY CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Беспалов Юрий Федорович
Published: December 2020

В данном научном труде представлен подход автора к пониманию существа интереса и пределов его действия в алиментных обязательствах родителей и детей, связанных с участием родителей в дополнительных расходах на содержание ребенка, которые вызваны исключительными обстоятельствами. Сделан вывод о том, что дополнительная забота родителей о ребенке возникает на основании нескольких взаимосвязанных между собой обстоятельств: родственной связи; трудной жизненной ситуации, в которой оказался ребенок; отношений по содержанию; неурегулированности разногласий между родителями; наличия объективной связи исключительных обстоятельств с расходами; имущественного интереса родителей и ребенка. Предложено изменить редакцию ст. 86 СК РФ с целью соответствия содержащихся в ней положений интересам родителей и ребенка, характеризующихся их гармоничным сочетанием.

This scientific work presents the author’s approach to understanding the essence of interest and the extent of its action in the alimony obligations of parents and children associated with the participation of parents in additional costs for the maintenance of a child, which are caused by exceptional circumstances. It is concluded that additional parental care for the child arises on the basis of several interrelated circumstances: kinship; difficult life situations in which the child finds himself; content relationships; unresolved disagreements between parents; the existence of an objective connection of exceptional circumstances with costs; property interests of parents and the child. It is proposed to change the wording of Art. 86 of the IC of the Russian Federation in order to comply with the provisions contained in it with the interests of parents and the child, characterized by their harmonious combination.
The Phenomenology of the Pipe Organ
Authors: Kearney Michael R.
Published: December 2020

An extended illustration from Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception describes the interplay of habit, sedimentation, and intersubjectivity in the practice and performance of a skilled organist. This paper takes up Merleau-Ponty’s example in order to describe some of the phenomenological characteristics of embodied musical performance. These characteristics point toward an intersubjective event of “consecration,” as Merleau-Ponty describes it, in which the musician adopts the role of rhetor, inviting the audience into a shared dwelling place.
Metode Baru Valuasi Ekonomi Dampak Langsung Spesies Asing Invasif Berbasis Kompetisi Makanan pada Ekosistem Perairan
Authors: Kodiran Taryono , Mashar Ali , Febriana Riska , Nurulhayati Erin R , Nurulhafidzah Athifah , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: December 2020

Alien crayfish species (Cherax quadricarinatus and Procambarus clarkii) have been found in some Indonesian area and demonstrated invasive species characters. Despite of their economy benefit the crayfish has potential ecologically disadvantage to be valuated. This study aimed to develop valuation method to estimate economical loss due to alien invasive species on food competition basis in an aquatic ecosystem. This approach was conducted by estimating the potential loss due food competition between invasive species and its inferior competitor. The case study was carried out in the Lido Lake and in an aquaculture site at Cisaat, Sukabumi – West Java. The research results that economic loss due to the disappearance of native Macrobrachium sintangense caused by the existences of single male C. quadricarinatus is 784 IDR and 1,096 for the female in Lido Lake. The potential loss of M. rosenbergii due to the single P. clarkii is 1,416.76 IDR. The difference economic loss is constituted by the quantity of feed taken by the invasive species, and the economic value of competitive inferior species. This method is clearly explained in the method section and is simple to use, but more understandable for limited economics background stakeholders. However, this approach needs robust biological dynamic model. The valuation results become important reference for the policy maker to develop risk analysis in concern of introduced invasive species into an ecosystem. For holistic economic loss value valuation, further studies covering space competition and potential harmful pathogen carrier are warranted.
Spatial Bioeconomic Analysis of Grouper Fishing on the Fisheries Management Framework in Saleh Bay
Authors: Efendi Diding Sudira , Adrianto Luky , Yonvitner  , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the performance of small-scale grouper fisheries in Saleh Bay using a spatial bioeconomic approach. The optimal fishing trip allocation and economic rent based on the fishing grounds and its season were estimated using this approach. The results showed from the seven main fishing grounds (DPI) in Saleh Bay, the highest optimal trip need to be allocated to DPI-7 with approximately 2833 trips per year, followed by DPI-5 (2107), DPI-1 (1158), DPI -4 (1064), DPI-6 (970), DPI-2 (940) and DPI-3 (524). The intensity of fishing trip responded to the quasi-profit. The grouper catches produced quasi-profits of IDR 1.4 billion per year. The maximum and minimum annual profits of IDR 428 million and IDR 55 million were achieved in DPI-7 and DPI-3, respectively. This trip allocation complements the existing restriction management instrument, related to the control of input, area and season closure options. This strategy choice eases the fisheries managers to focus on spatial and temporal control efforts with high resolution.
Pengembangan Pengembangan wisata pantai di Kabupaten Buton Tengah: (Studi pada Mutiara, Wantopi, dan Katembe)Development of coastal tourism in Central Buton Regency: (St
Authors: La Bonto Ahmad Zulkivar , Rofiaty Roafiaty , Susilowati Christin
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi permasalahan dan menemukan strategi pengembangan wisata pantai di Buton Tengah, yaitu wisata pantai Mutiara yang berada di desa Gumanano, wisata pantai Wantopi yang berada di desa Wantopi, dan wisata pantai Katembe yang berada di desa Madongka.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus.Informan penelitian adalah sepuluh orang perwakilan dari stakeholder wisata pantai pada masing-masing destinasi wisata tersebut, yang terdiri dari Dinas Kepemudaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Buton Tengah, Kepala Desa masing-masing desa, masyarakat dan wisatawan masing-masing tempat wisata tersebut. Hasil penelitia mengungkapkan bahwa dengan sumber daya yang mendukung yaitu terdapat sumber daya alami dan pendukung sebagai produk utama dan pendukung wisata, namun terdapat permasalah pada pengelolaan pariwisata tersebut. Permasalah yang ditemukan antara lain kurang faktor pendung pariwisata, manjaemen destinasi dan destinasi manajemen organisasi yang tidak terorganisir denganbaik, tidak dilibatkan dan kurangnya partisipasi stakeholder lain dalam proses pengelolaan pariwisata,  dan tidak ada jaminan atas keamanan dan keselamatan bagi wisatawan yang diakibatkan belum terciptanya PERDA yang mengatur tentang pengelolaan pariwisata. Dari permasalahan tersebut ditemukan strategi dalam pengelolaan pariwisata di antaranya dilakukan pelatihan terhadap kelompok stakeholder, menciptakan regulasi dan melibatkan semua stakeholder dalam pengelolaan pariwisata, serta segera dikeluarkan PERDA yang mengatur mengenai pengelolaan pariwisata di Kabupaten Buton Tengah.
A construção do conhecimento ortográfico no contexto das interações adulto-criança
Authors: Vidal Elaine C. R. Gomes , Colello Silvia de Mattos Gasparian
Published: December 2020

Partindo do problema do desempenho insuficiente nas habilidades de escrita de estudantes brasileiros, o artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma pesquisa sobre o papel da interação entre adulto e criança na construção do conhecimento ortográfico. Para tanto, recupera parte de um estudo de caso longitudinal em curso, realizado com alunos de uma escola privada em Santos/SP, em cinco etapas entre o 2º e o 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental (período em que o escrever corretamente passa a ser um foco especial de conquista cognitiva e, consequentemente, de ensino). Valendo-se do referencial teórico dos estudos psicogenéticos e histórico-culturais (a concepção das crianças como sujeitos ativos e protagonistas da aprendizagem; a língua como prática social e a interação como favorecimento da aprendizagem), o estudo centrou-se na problematização, feita de modo interativo, sobre as formas de escrever. Realizada a partir de dois eixos de atividade (ditado de palavras e reescrita de contos), a coleta de dados visou apreender a compreensão das estratégias infantis ou das reflexões empreendidas na busca de referências para a correção da escrita, chegando, assim, a quatro categorias: a escrita validada pela pauta sonora, a validação da escrita com base em alguém mais experiente (um “interlocutor autorizado”), o apoio na imagem visual da palavra e, finalmente, a evocação da norma ortográfica. Embora essas categorias estejam sempre presentes nos diferentes estágios de escolaridade (e de conhecimento), a análise quanti-qualitativa dos dados evidenciou o predomínio de umas sobre as outras que, em movimentos ascendentes e descendentes, marcam um percurso de crescente autonomia e consciência metalinguística. A partir da compreensão sobre os processos cognitivos do conhecimento ortográfico – a variedade das estratégias de escrita ou de validação da escrita e caminhos de progressão –, é possível vislumbrar algumas implicações pedagógicas que subsidiam a revisão de práticas pedagógicas.
La vida es sueño en forma analógica
Teoría, metodología y recepción de la traducción a contrapelo
Authors: Racz Gregary J.
Published: December 2020

Since at least the 1990s, Translation Studies theorists have advocated greater respect for alterity in literary translation. With the advent of Naturalist theatre and, later, the predominance of free-verse poetry in the 20th century, renderings of both poetry and verse drama in the English-speaking world have favoured assimilation with target-culture values. “Organic form”, described by James S. Holmes as the methodology with which a translator renders a source text primarily for its meaning, has been the prevalent strategy for translating works such as Spanish Golden Age dramas for approximately a century now. A return to the methodology of “analogical form”, with which a translator seeks to render the source text using correlatives to its form and function in the source culture, would do much to recognise the Other by avoiding both de-historicisation and de-poeticisation through less domesticated target texts. Examples of these competing methodologies will be examined in a few American translations of Pedro Calderón de la Barca’s La vida es sueño.
PROTAGONIST’S ROUND CHARACTERS IN JOHN GREEN’S NOVEL PAPER TOWNS
Authors: Azhari Feyzar
Published: December 2020

This research was aimed at seeing the protagonist's characters portrayed in the novel Paper Towns by John Green. The research applied the theory of Flat and Round Character proposed by E. M. Forster (1993). This research follows qualitative descriptive method proposed by Creswell (2003), an effective model that occurs in a natural setting that enables the researcher to develop a level of detail from being highly involved in the actual experiences. The result of the analysis shows that the significant protagonist's characters in the novel are distinctive self-disclosure, great ambition and affection. All the distinctive characters drive the protagonist to break the string with the people around her and bring a conflict with her parents.
SIMILE USED IN LENKA’S SONG EVERYTHING AT ONCE
Authors: Syarifah Syarifah , Manugeren M. , Purwarno Purwarno
Published: December 2020

The research was related to figurative language but the researchers focused on simile, aimed at identifying the dominant type of simile used based on the theory put forward by Kennedy and Giola. Simile is a comparison of one thing to another which is always listed because the words "like" or as are used. Simile is also commonly used in song lyrics and this is referred to as the object of the research, that is the song lyrics taken by Lenka’s song Everything at Once. The researchers take this song because all the lyrics are full of similes, from the beginning to the end of the song. Qualitative content analysis as the use of replicable and valid methods to make specific inferences from the text to other circumstances or properties of the source under the Descriptive Qualitative Approach, pioneered by Krippendorff  is applied here. The results show that there are two types of simile in this song and the dominant types used in this song is close simile.
KEBIJAKAN PENAL TERHADAP KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Ashady Suheflihusnaini
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan hukum pidana diIndonesia terkait korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga pada saat ini dan di masayang akan datang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkaji kitab undang-undanghukum pidana dan undang-undang penghapusan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga yangberlaku. Dengan demikian, peneliti dapat memberikan masukan terhadapperkembangan perundang-undangan di Indonesia terkait kekerasan dalam rumahtangga.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dan menggunakan data sekunder.Data sekunder diperoleh dengan mempelajari dokumen-dokumen terkait. Adapunmetode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitiatif dengan pendekatan deskriptifpreskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan penyelesaian kekerasandalam rumah tangga saat ini dapat menggunakan kitab undang-undang hukum pidanadan undang-undang penghapusan kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Meskipundemikian, terdapat beberapa kelemahan seperti tidak adanya mekanisme mediasi,lemahnya perlindungan terhadap korban, tidak adanya hukum acara tersendiri danpenghukuman yang masih menggunakan sistem alternatif. Kebijakan pidana di masayang akan datang dituntut untuk memperbaiki kelemahan-kelemahan tersebut
TINJAUAN HUKUM PENERAPAN AKAD IJARAH DAN INOVASI DARI AKAD IJARAH DALAM PERKEMBANGAN EKONOMI SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sakti Lanang , Adityarani Nadhira Wahyu
Published: December 2020

Salah satu produk syariah yang ditawarkan kepada masyarakat adalah prinsip sewa-menyewa atau ijarah yang termasuk ke dalam ruang lingkup muamalah. Prinsip ijarah yang ditawarkan kepada masyarakat didasarkan pada sebuah perjanjian (akad). Transaksi muamalah melalui ijarah mengalami perkembangan dan terobosan baru dalam dunia perbankan modern, seperti ijarah operational lease dan ijarah berbentuk fnancial lease yang biasanya diterapkan dalamsistem perbankan syariah, sekarang telah mengalami perkembangan dengan diterapkannya ijarah dalam sistem pasar modal syariah yang berbentuk sukuk atau obligasi Syariah, sehingga perlu ada kajian lebih lanjut terkait bagaimana tinjauan hukum penerapan akad ijarah dan inovasi dari akad ijarah dalam perkembangan ekonomi syariah di Indonesia.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yang mengacu pada hukum dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan sistem perekonomian tidak hanya dalam sistem perbankan syariah saja melainkan dalam sistem pasar modal syariah, akad ijarah ini digunakan. Penerapan ini menciptakan inovasi dalam prinsip-prinsip ijarah, seperti akad ijarah muntahiah bit tamlik, sukuk ijarah dan sukuk ijarah SBSN
Síndrome de Bouveret: causa inusual de íleo biliar
Authors: Ramon y Cajal Calvo Juan , Bello Franco Carlota , Sesé Lacamara Laura , Costa Lorente Miguel , Moreno Caballero Leticia
Published: December 2020

Introducción: El síndrome de Bouveret consiste en una obstrucción de la salida gástrica debido a la impactación de un cálculo biliar en el bulbo duodenal después de la migración a través de una fístula colecistoduodenal. Caso Clínico: Paciente con cuadro de dolor abdominal difuso de tipo cólico, diarreas y vómitos de aspecto amarillento. Las pruebas de imagen realizadas ponen de manifiesto una importante dilatación gástrica y duodenal con presencia de gas a nivel  vesicular con la existencia de una fistula colecistoduodenal con una imagen redondeada intraluminal en yeyuno proximal compatibles con litiasis migrada. El paciente fue intervenido de urgencia mediante una enterotomía con la extracción del calculo y cierre de la misma. Discusión: El síndrome de Bouveret es una condición poco común de íleo biliar que causa una morbilidad y mortalidad significativa y, a menudo, ocurre en ancianos con comorbilidades importantes. Se requieren estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento individuales para un manejo y resultado óptimos, siendo el tratamiento endoscópico o la  cirugía por vía abierta los dos tratamientos disponibles para la resolución del cuadro. Conclusión: El síndrome de Bouveret es una afección  potencialmente mortal con obstrucción de la salida gástrica causada por cálculos biliares grandes. En la mayoría de los casos, se requiere una tomografía computarizada para su diagnóstico y si bien en algunos casos, los tratamientos percutáneos y endoscópicos pueden tener éxito como tratamiento de primera línea, la mayoría de los pacientes precisan de una cirugía para la extracción de cálculos.
Ukuran Gejala Pusat Data Dikelompokkan
Authors: Devonius Samuel Gibson , Trihartanto R.Arie , Tarigan Theresia Meri
Published: December 2020

Data center symptom measures can represent the data as a whole. Which means that if all the values contained in the data are sorted in size and the average value is entered into it and one way to calculate the size of the data center symptoms is Static Descriptive.
Police Violence, Student Protests, and Educational Performance
Authors: Gonzalez Felipe , Prem Mounu
Published: December 2020

We study the protest behavior of teenagers linked to a student killed by a stray bullet coming from a policeman in Chile. We use administrative data to follow the schoolmates of the victim and those living nearby the shooting in hundreds of protest and non-protest days. We find that police violence causes lower protest participation in street rallies but more adherence to test boycotts. These effects appear among schoolmates of the victim and not among students living nearby the killing. Negative educational consequences suffered by the schoolmates combined with previous results suggest that psychological mechanisms are a plausible explanation.
Low Acceleration Voltage EBIC Using FESEM and Application to Cross-Sectional Junction Evaluation
Authors: Kadota Y. , Mori K.
Published: December 2020

EBIC (Electron beam induced current) method has been applied to the evaluation of half micron MOSFET junctions. We have been able to clearly measure the junction depth profile and the impurities density, using FESEM/EBIC which provides the highest SEM resolution currently available. We have found that it is necessary to understand the relation of the acceleration voltage and the primary electron beam current, in order to take full advantage of the FESEM/EBIC technique for junction evaluation. We have been able to experimentally demonstrate the accurate measurement of junction position.
A Technique for Achieving Precision Cross Sections of Released Surface Micromachined Structures
Authors: Woodilla D.J.
Published: December 2020

Surface micromachining of mechanical sensors is quickly becoming a part of integrated circuit technology. The accurate and reliable analysis of these sensors is critical to the development of such devices and the maintenance of quality in the fabrication process. One aspect of sensor analysis is cross section sample preparation for electron microscopy. This presents a new challenge to the analyst because these sensors require nontraditional sample preparation techniques. This paper presents a method of encapsulating surface micromachined sensors with thermosetting epoxy and a thin glass cover slip. Traditional precision polishing techniques are then used to achieve accurate and reliable cross sections.
Comparative TDR Analysis as a Packaging FA Tool
Authors: Odegard Charles , Lambert Craig
Published: December 2020

Time domain reflectometry (TDR) is increasingly being utilized as a failure analysis tool in the semiconductor industry. TDR can provide fast, nondestructive analysis of packaged integrated circuits. With one measurement, TDR analysis can provide instant identification of the general region of the fail site, whether it exists in the substrate, interconnect region, or in the die. A digital sampling oscilloscope with a TDR module supplies a fast risetime voltage edge to the signal pin of interest, and then records the subsequent voltage edge reflections. The time delay between the incident and reflected electrical signals are analyzed to characterize the electrical path of the signal pin. Initial implementation of TDR as an FA tool by the authors was in a comparative analysis method, where the TDR measurement from an unassembled substrate is used as the basis of comparison for the TDR measurement from the failing unit. Current development focuses on signature analysis of the TDR waveform for a given substrate path (including BGA substrate, flip-chip solder bump and pads, and flip-chip die). Interpretation of the TDR measurements for both comparative analysis and signature analysis of the TDR waveform will be discussed in this paper.
Contacting Silicon with FIB for Backside Circuit Edit
Authors: Boit C. , Kerst U. , Sadewater P. , Leihkaufa R. , Schömannb S. , Le Royc E. , Lundquistc T.
Published: December 2020

Process options of FIB circuit edit accessing active area in silicon through chip backside are presented. The full process is divided in modules. The technological readiness of the different modules is discussed. New results for the two most critical modules, endpoint detection of the global FIB trench in silicon, and contact resistivity of FIB deposited metal interconnect on diffusion, are presented. Investigated endpoint detection processes are FIB image contrast of the wells and of STI (shallow trench isolation). The contact to diffusion is in the range of 2-5 x 10-7 Ωcm2 on highly doped n-Si, about 10x higher on highly doped p-Si, with linear I-V characteristic.
A Novel Method for Deep Trench Profile Characterization and Process Monitoring in 90nm DRAM Technology
Authors: Huang Kuo-Hui , Gu Wen-Lon , Liu Ming-De , Wang Yu-Sen , Russell Jeremy D.
Published: December 2020

This article presents a novel method to provide whole Deep Trench (DT) profile inspection. Bevel angle top-down polishing is used on pre-rotated substrates instead of traditional cross-section cleaving. This method can feedback the precise DT profile shape at specific depths to the production line for process tuning and troubleshooting.
Atomic Force Probe Kelvin Measurements of Large MOSFET Devices at Contact Level for Accurate Device Threshold Characteristics
Authors: Kane Terence , Tenney Michael P. , Erickson Andrew , Phan Sebastien
Published: December 2020

To reconstruct discrete device threshold characteristics at tungsten contact level with atomic force probe (AFP), specific care in making drive current measurements is essential. Kelvin probing as well as the proper placement of the AFP probes themselves is an absolute requirement for insuring precise measurements. For this paper, NFET and PFET test structures employing 3 micrometer gate widths are used to simulate a sense-amp device. The results obtained using normal pad-level probing on a conventional probe station with results from an AFP nanoprober with and without Kelvin sensing are compared. These measurements are also compared with the nominal or expected design rule values. Experimental results comparing AFP Kelvin measurements at contact level on the same MOSFET test structure versus measurement obtained conventionally at pad level underscores the importance and value of AFP Kelvin measurements.
Bevel Etching: A Low Cost Alternative to FIB
Authors: Seidl B. , Walter J. , Kirchberger M.
Published: December 2020

Microstructural diagnostic for electronic packaging development and failure analysis under industrial manufacturing conditions require fast but reliable preparation routines. The aim of the presented poster is to introduce a time and cost efficient preparation technique for FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) investigations with focus on typical issues in electronic packaging development and failure analysis. The new ion beam based technique acts as a low cost alternative to FIB, able to prepare much wider section areas, combined in a tool, which can also be used for standard ion beam polishing processes.
Fail Mechanisms Causing Single Bit Flash Data Gain in Flash Memory
Authors: Medikonduri Rajesh
Published: December 2020

Flash memory is one of the most mysterious and difficult structures in the semiconductor industry. Excessive data gain and data loss may cause errors in reading the flash memory. This paper discusses the data gain mechanism and the various failure mechanisms (i.e., CoSi at Mux, CoSi at bit, particle at Mux, resistive contact, erasing defect at failing bit, programming fail at bit, misaligned contact, passive voltage contrast (PVC) at multiple gates in Mux region, particle and missing via, poly residue defect etc.) causing single bit flash data gain. Presented in the paper are the definitions involved, Flash cell theory and physics involved, and the theory explaining why leakage in the 8:1 mux causes the single bit flash data gain. This is followed by a case study involving various failure mechanisms and a final conclusion. Knowing the fail mechanisms and correcting them promptly enhances the yield.
A Comprehensive Analysis Methodology for Gate Oxide Integrity Failure Using Combined FA Techniques
Authors: Younan Hua , Rao Nistala Ramesh , Shuting Chen , Lei Zhu , Ning Chia Chin , Jianming Zhang , Yanhua Huang , Ping Neo Soh
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a comprehensive analysis methodology for gate oxide integrity (GOI) failure using combined FA techniques is proposed. The current method integrates the failure analysis flow we previously reported with a new flow proposed in this paper. The method is applicable to a wide range of GOI failure cases and has been used in analyzing many product wafers with GOI failure. In particular, there is one wafer with GOI failure that results from known failed process machines. This wafer could be readily analyzed with this new method to identify the root causes. The newly proposed flow is based on our previous report on GOI failure analysis, but the detection limit of contamination elements was significantly improved. The enhancement of detection limit is mainly attributable to the utilization of Vapor Phase Decomposition and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (VPD ICP-MS). The ICP-MS technique is highly sensitive and capable of simultaneously measuring a large number of elements at very low concentration level in the range of ppb (part per billion) to ppt (part to trillion). This enhanced sensitivity enables effective investigation of contamination caused by specific machines. A case study of GOI failure investigated by the proposed new method will be discussed in detail. In the study, Al, Fe, Mo and Sn contamination from a suspected tool were detected by ICPMS, followed by confirmation by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) on the affected product wafers. Failurepart isolation investigations of the affected diffusion furnace revealed that the root cause of the failure is due to a defective gas flow valve.
Systematic Approach for the Gate Oxide Failure Caused by Arsenic Cross Contamination
Authors: Zhu Lei , Ng Huipeng , Huang Yanhua , Teo Hanwei , Ong Kenny , Chen Shuting , Chen Changqing , Ang Ghimboon , Hua Younan , Li Zheng
Published: December 2020

This paper described a gate oxide failure case which affected the electrical parameters such as Vt and Idsat of both HV N&P MOS. A systematic problem solving approach combined with several FA techniques was applied to find the root-cause to be arsenic outgas cross-contamination.