bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A stronger sense of place is possible?: Anthropocene, non-relationality and chiasms
Authors: Janković Stefan
Published: August 2022

Anthropocene debates have ultimately generated an epochal sensibility regarding the extent and scope of the human ecological footprint on the planet, but also have actualised the importance of place within intricate ecological textures. By expanding a concept of chiasm, this paper addresses the uncertain localisations in the Anthropocene era, and advocates for a stronger sense of place. First, paper criticises approaches that severely undermine place by overemphasising its function in broader spatial processes and by concentrating solely on human symbolic constructions. Secondly, it asserts that, in spite of refocusing on materiality and providing an enormous role to the non-humans as mediators in composing places, accentuating the ontology of flows found in assemblage approaches still keeps places subjugated to space. By assuming that non-relationality has to be taken seriously in the Anthropocene era, it finally discusses how places, as chiasms present partial ontological condensations with various elements being unexposed and only 'locally' related. Besides non-relationality, it is argued that, in order to gain a stronger sense of place, the boundaries have to be thought of as something that allows the presence instead of separation and also events that conjoin and disjoin various temporalities. Beyond this ontological attuning, the paper concludes by discussing how the architecture could convene the endurance of places within shifting chiasmic context of the Anthropocene.
Not living in caves: Phenomena and images of the land and shelter
Authors: Bijelović Aleksa
Published: August 2022

Now, it's like that movie in 'The Croods' - people wanted to stay in the cave. Some wanted to stay in the cave, and that young girl, she wanted to go out and live again and deal with the challenges of living in a different world.1 The work is showcasing a personal excavation of the broad concept of interiority, its meanings and multifaceted aspects. More specifically, its potent spatial poetics rooted against traditional views generically used in and around the architectural profession. It is dwelled upon various readings using the local socio-political context of a peculiar place of Western Australia as a colourful backdrop for interpretative purpose. It is about subjective realities and their relation. While being set off by the day-to-day here and now, it reflects a much larger image of the human condition of our time and the ever-present concept of a cave, the ultimate human cradle embedded in our core. The story is also about the origin and everything that starts within the grotto. 'But that fails to appreciate how safe and warm it must feel in that WA cave [...]'2
Small interventions: Research method for [small] public spaces redesign
Authors: Stanković Jelena , Stupar Diana , Karan Isidora
Published: August 2022

Urban life has to be deprived of unnecessary physical regulations, restrictions and environmental threats in order to enable freedom of social engagement and action in public space. Evidently, present excessive control and fear in public spaces diminish the quality of social relationships. COVID-19 has intensified this phenomenon, calling it the New Normal. This calls for a discussion on new mechanisms through which a city can overcome socio-spatial discrimination in the following ways: creating a platform to advance present understanding of the evolving dynamics between the pandemic and architecture, synthesising the existing knowledge, discussing lessons to be learned, and exploring transformative solutions towards more sustainable and resilient design strategies in the post-COVID era. As a response to the New Normal, Small Interventions is a model which enables public spaces to gradually improve through a series of small, carefully designed and strategically selected interventions in public spaces with mutual cooperation of the city administration, experts and citizens. The subject of Small Interventions are small spaces realised with a modest budget, short deadlines and accelerated procedures. From a planning perspective, Small Interventions are part of the dynamic, flexible and adaptable urbanism that keeps up
The "Common Pool" Problems in the Protected Area Regarding Natural Tourism in Indonesia
Authors:   Graduate Program of Natural and Environmental Resource Management, IPB Graduate School, SPs Building 2nd Floor, Campus IPB Baranangsiang, Bogor, Indonesia 16144, Badi'ah Badi'ah , Kartodiharjo H , Nugroho B , Supriyanto B
Published: August 2022

Phenomena that indicate the performance of the use of natural tourism in protected areas indicate that there are institutional problems in it. This study aims to determine the influence of exogenous variables on the action arena for the use of natural tourism in protected areas in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, document, and regulatory review. Then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. This study was analyzed using the institutional analysis and development (IAD) framework. This framework provides a useful approach to understanding institutional issues. Based on the research, the influence of exogenous variables on the action arena, among others 1) there is an incorrect implementation between the cooperation agreement and the permit carried out by the Mount Gede Pangrango National Park Office as the principal, which has resulted in the agent bearing additional costs to obtain exclusion rights, and the principal's loss does not receive a contribution in the form of Levies on The Results of Business Activities for Nature Tourism Facilities from the transfer of rights to agents; 2) when public access is closed in the public space, there will be a conflict between the agent and the community which creates a high cost of exclusion and is charged to the agent; 3) the agent is aware of the lack of principal resources to carry out supervision so that the agent does not immediately carry out his obligations.
Polarization among Stakeholders Perception on the Interpretation of Ecotourism Resources in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park
Authors:   Graduate School in Ecotourism Management and Environmental Services, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Academic Ring Road Campus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, Indonesia 1668, Dewi H , Avenzora R , Darusman D , Kusmana C
Published: August 2022

The study of polarization of stakeholder perceptions is important to consider the policies that must be taken by area managers related to the development of interpretation programs in national park areas. This study was aimed to analyze and evaluate the characteristics of the subject of interpretation that are considered important by stakeholders, to analyze the differences in perceptions among stakeholders of the attractiveness of the subject of interpretation and to determine the polarization of perceptions of the subject of interpretation among stakeholders in relation to the management of Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (TNGHS). Stakeholder perception data was obtained by distributing a closed pattern questionnaire. Cluster analysis was used to determine the variety of stakeholder perception in interpretation subjects within the TNGHS area. As for knowing the direction and scale of the polarization of stakeholder perceptions, it was analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test. The results showed that the largest polarization among stakeholders occurred in the cultural subjects, and the direction of polarization was negative. This indicates the weak attractiveness of the subject of cultural interpretation to stakeholders. The greater commonality of perception between the community and managers forms the basis for the development of cultural interpretations. This development is expected to bridge the community's needs for the TNGHS area as well as provide stronger support for the management of the national park area.
Dysfunkcyjność państwa meksykańskiego w zakresie bezpieczeństwa publicznego
Authors: Derwich Karol
Published: August 2022

Rosnąca przemoc w Meksyku powoduje, iż kwestia bezpieczeństwa publicznego w tym państwie staje się jednym z ważniejszych problemów, z którymi w najbliższym czasie muszą zmierzyć się władze. Analiza funkcjonowania państwa meksykańskiego w sferze bez-pieczeństwa pokazuje jednak wyraźnie, iż w tym zakresie instytucje państwowe cierpią na głę-boką dysfunkcyjność. Skutkiem tego jest daleko idąca ekspansja przestępczości zorganizowa-nej, głównie karteli narkotykowych. Mimo zdecydowanych działań – szczególnie administracji Felipe Calderona – władze meksykańskie zupełnie nie są w stanie poradzić sobie z tym proble-mem. Tak zwana wojna z narkotykami nie przynosi pożądanych efektów. Jest to następstwo niezdolności instytucji państwowych do skutecznego ograniczania funkcjonowania karteli nar-kotykowych. Niemal całkowita dysfunkcyjność policji, brak przygotowania wojska do realiza-cji nowych zadań, szerząca się korupcja, to tylko niektóre z przejawów niezdolności państwa, jeśli chodzi o zapewnienie jednej z podstawowych potrzeb obywateli, jaką jest bezpieczeństwo jednostki.
Dysfunkcyjność niesie ze sobą istotne zagrożenie dla porządku prawnego państwa oraz stabil-ności politycznej. W Meksyku miała istotny wpływ na przebieg ostatniej elekcji prezydenckiej, w której wyborcy odrzucili dotychczasową formę walki z przestępczością zorganizowaną i za-głosowali na kandydata PRI, który głosił konieczność porzucenia strategii opartej na haśle wojny z narkotykami.
Manuel Noriega and his impact on the events in Panama from 1981 to 1989
Authors: Kwiatkowska Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

Manuel Noriega shaped the fate of the Panamanians for eight years. After the death of Omar Torrijos, Noriega became the de facto ruler of Panama. He was not the elected leader, notwith-standing his policy affected every citizen. His illicit activities led to social and political unrest in Panama and were the causes for the American intervention in the country in December 1989. The aim of the article is analyse if it was really necessary for the Americans to apply military action in Panama and why, for many years, the USA accepted the activities of Noriega. It is essential to know whether Panama itself could deal with the internal problems and why the people were dissatisfied with the rule of Manuel Noriega. The 1980s in Panama can be treated as a lost decade. The economic measures employed by the United States managed to deteriorate the industry of Panama. The outcome of the invasion is also significant – the loss of lives, homelessness and lootings. The article presents, step by step, what led to the American interven-tion in Panama and how Manuel Noriega deceived both the Panamanians and the American authorities to remain in power
Wyzwania i uwarunkowania gospodarcze Ameryki Łacińskiej i Karaibów z perspektywy władzy strukturalnej
Authors: Rudowski Tomasz
Published: August 2022

Pandemia COVID-19 wywołała najgłębszy od kilku dziesięcioleci kryzys społeczno-ekonomiczny w Ameryce Łacińskiej i znacząco wpłynęła na gospodarki regionu, lecz zasadni-czo nie zmieniła jej pozycji w stosunkach międzynarodowych. Celem artykułu jest analiza głównych trendów gospodarczych mających miejsce w państwach latynoamerykańskich oraz wskazanie prognoz. W tekście zastosowano koncepcje władzy strukturalnej Susan Strange do analizy miejsca Ameryki Łacińskiej i Karaibów w gospodarce światowej.
Lactate receptor HCAR1 regulates neurogenesis and microglia activation after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia
Authors: Kennedy Lauritz , Glesaaen Emilie R , Palibrk Vuk , Pannone Marco , Wang Wei , Al-Jabri Ali , Suganthan Rajikala , Meyer Niklas , Austbø Marie Landa , Lin Xiaolin , Bergersen Linda H , Bjørås Magnar , Rinholm Johanne E
Published: August 2022

Neonatal cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is the leading cause of death and disability in newborns with the only current treatment being hypothermia. An increased understanding of the pathways that facilitate tissue repair after HI may aid the development of better treatments. Here, we study the role of lactate receptor HCAR1 in tissue repair after neonatal HI in mice. We show that HCAR1 knockout mice have reduced tissue regeneration compared with wildtype mice. Furthermore, proliferation of neural progenitor cells and glial cells, as well as microglial activation was impaired. Transcriptome analysis showed a strong transcriptional response to HI in the subventricular zone of wildtype mice involving about 7300 genes. In contrast, the HCAR1 knockout mice showed a modest response, involving about 750 genes. Notably, fundamental processes in tissue repair such as cell cycle and innate immunity were dysregulated in HCAR1 knockout. Our data suggest that HCAR1 is a key transcriptional regulator of pathways that promote tissue regeneration after HI.
Pre-existing chromosomal polymorphisms in pathogenic E. coli potentiate the evolution of resistance to a last-resort antibiotic
Authors: Jangir Pramod K , Yang Qiue , Shaw Liam P , Caballero Julio Diaz , Ogunlana Lois , Wheatley Rachel , Walsh Timothy , MacLean R Craig
Published: August 2022

Bacterial pathogens show high levels of chromosomal genetic diversity, but the influence of this diversity on the evolution of antibiotic resistance by plasmid acquisition remains unclear. Here, we address this problem in the context of colistin, a ‘last line of defence’ antibiotic. Using experimental evolution, we show that a plasmid carrying the MCR-1 colistin resistance gene dramatically increases the ability of Escherichia coli to evolve high-level colistin resistance by acquiring mutations in lpxC, an essential chromosomal gene involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Crucially, lpxC mutations increase colistin resistance in the presence of the MCR-1 gene, but decrease the resistance of wild-type cells, revealing positive sign epistasis for antibiotic resistance between the chromosomal mutations and a mobile resistance gene. Analysis of public genomic datasets shows that lpxC polymorphisms are common in pathogenic E. coli, including those carrying MCR-1, highlighting the clinical relevance of this interaction. Importantly, lpxC diversity is high in pathogenic E. coli from regions with no history of MCR-1 acquisition, suggesting that pre-existing lpxC polymorphisms potentiated the evolution of high-level colistin resistance by MCR-1 acquisition. More broadly, these findings highlight the importance of standing genetic variation and plasmid/chromosomal interactions in the evolutionary dynamics of antibiotic resistance.
Blockchain as a Solution of Information Security and Data Privacy Issues: Review
Authors: Njeri Ndung’u Rachael
Published: August 2022

The growth of technology has seen development of smart devices that are connected to each other giving rise to device-mesh technology. This has given rise to many owners of these devices sharing data through various web applications such as online marketplaces. The protection of data is paramount for every organization dealing with such data. An evaluation of Blockchain technology as a solution to data privacy is studied. The study concludes that though blockchain is the technology to pursue for securing and protection data, it has numerous challenges and limitations towards data privacy. More research is needed to guarantee an absolute data privacy protection.
Response to an Outbreak of COVID-19 Infection Among Undergraduate Medical Students in Mumbai, Maharashtra
Authors: Shah Anuradha Kunal , Dakshit Kosturi , Velhal Gajanan Dattatray
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease. The most effective way to slow down the transmission is by social distancing and following all the preventive protocols. Aim: To describe the outbreak of COVID-19 in forty Undergraduate (UG) medical students of a medical college in Mumbai during September 2021 steps taken to control the spread as well as to break the chain of transmission of COVID19 infection. Materials and Methods: The institutional contact tracing team contacted the positive case and identified contacts as soon as they were notified during September 2021 at Seth GSMC & KEMH, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. A total of 40 students were isolated due to the contraction of COVID infection. History was taken by telephonic calls. Meetings were held among the institute and hostel authorities to prevent the spread. All the contacts of positive cases were separated in a quarantine facility. COVID appropriate behaviour (CAB) was implemented strictly and swab of symptomatic students was taken for Reverse TranscriptasePolymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Non-academic leisure activities were suspended temporarily. Academic lectures were shifted to an online platform. Results: This outbreak lasted over a period of 10 days, a total of 40 students were isolated and 89 students were quarantined. Most of the students who were infected were residing in the hostels, 27 (67.5%) and had come in contact with other positive students during the college’s cultural fest. Majority of positive cases had received both doses of COVID vaccination. Mild symptoms were present in 87.5% students and rest were asymptomatic. Cases were detected from the same cluster of students and follow-up was done for the next two weeks. Conclusion: Strategies like scheduled testing for in-campus students, strict implementation of CAB and temporary withdrawal of activities which causes gathering helped effectively to control the spread.
Morphology, Rehabilitation Architecture of Zero Slums in Bhubaneswar City, India
Authors: Puhan Jyoti Prakash , Mishra Saswat , Sahu Deepak Ku. , Mishra Siba Prasad
Published: August 2022

A slum is an unplanned and thickly populated residential cluster connoted with poverty and staggering livelihood in urban. Parameters of slums are poor services liveable structure, high density, hazardous location, health, education, and social exclusion secured of tenure. Present work involves the implementation of the zero slum concept of the sustainable development goal (SDG-11). It has been proposed to design and draw with the site plan prepared for 25 Blocks consisting of 998 units over 6.23 Acre and rehabilitate about 3000 slum dwellers out of about 7000 dwellers in distorted Kargil Baste in Bhubaneswar in central areas of BBSR between the airport and south eastern railway line. The methodology involves identification of present slums and the proposed rehabilitation area by GIS and RS approach, insitu demographic survey, soil survey, large map, and the design and drawing using AUTO CAD, STAD PRO, and scheduling by MS software. The cutting-edge concept of zero slums can be possible when part of the present slum areas are rehabilitated by the federal Municipal Corporation at zero cost houses, interim transits shed for newcomers, and provide affordable compartments at cost along with the redevelopment of existing slums giving land rights. The fragmented cluster-wise rehabilitation as free allocation; at concessional price or sale at low-cost 2-BHK’s are considered as choices.
Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis for Grain Yield Characters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes
Authors: Mathew Akhila , Lavanya G. Roopa , Kumar R.
Published: August 2022

The present investigation with thirty-four accessions of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes (26 Advanced breeding lines (ABL’s),7 Dhan varieties and one check) were investigated to study variability, correlation and path analysis for yield contributing characters carried out at the Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Kharif-2021 in Randomized Block Design with three replications. NDR 359 rice variety was used as the check. The data was recorded for 13 quantitative traits viz Days to 50% flowering, Plant height (cm), Flag leaf length (cm), Flag leaf width (cm), Number of total tillers per hill, Number of panicles per hill, Panicle length (cm), Number of spikelets per panicle, Days to maturity, Biological index, Harvest index (%), Test weight (g), Grain yield per hill (g) using agro-morphological traits. The mean sum of squares due to genotypes was highly significant for all the quantitative characters in ANOVA. The characters with high range estimates of GCV and PCV (Grain yield per hill), heritability (days to maturity) and genetic advance as percent mean (number of spikelets per panicle,) should be given top priority during selection. For character association, grain yield per hill showed positive significance with flag leaf length, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, number of tillers per hill, biological yield because  it help in determining the nature and extent of the relationship existing between the yield and its contributing components and their association.Path analysis further proved about the direct and indirect effect of characters on grain yield. Days to 50% flowering, flag leaf width, number of panicles per hill, biological yield, harvest index showed positive direct effect at both genotypic and phenotypic level indicating their importance in breeding programme. So direct selection of the above characters will be rewarding.
Plant Growth Promoting Potential of Rhizobial and Non-Rhizobial Endophytes and their Influence on Groundnut Germination in Drought Stress under in-vitro Conditions
Authors: Pavithra R. , Anandham R. , Manikandan A. , Gopal N. O. , Thiyageswari S. , Vincent .
Published: August 2022

Drought stress is the major limiting factor for crop production in most areas. To mitigate the adverse effects of drought in plants, we aimed to employ the Drought-tolerant endophytic bacteria in this present investigation. Thus, screening of drought tolerance and plant growth promoting traits of endophytic bacteria were carried out using polyethylene glycol (6000). All the 10 endophytic bacteria are capable of expressing plant growth promoting traits like IAA, EPS, siderophore, biofilm formation, ACC deaminase activity, mineral solubilization, and accumulation of osmolytes under normal conditions. During drought conditions, these endophytes have increased the production of EPS, biofilm formation, and osmolytes accumulation. This mechanism helps plants to hope up during drought stress. Co-inoculation of Rhizobium puesence S6R2 and Enterobacter cloacae S23 promoted groundnut germination under drought stress conditions.
Chemistry of Boron in Soil and Management in Different Crops
Authors: Niharika K. , Sheeba S.
Published: August 2022

Boron (B) is an important plant micronutrient with a narrower range of deficit to toxicity than any other plant nutrients. As a result, comprehending the chemistry of born in soil is crucial. Although B inadequacy and toxicity may be linked to total B levels in the soil, these issues are caused by the chemical forms of B present in the soil, notably its solubility and availability to plants. Solution pH, soil texture, soil moisture, temperature, organic matter, and clay mineralogy all impact B availability and its adsorption in soils. Various empirical equations may be used to characterize boron adsorption processes. Due to the latest fertilizer technologies which provide better nutrient dissemination, year-round B availability, and a more adjustable application window in diverse crops boron management has improved dramatically. This paper reviews about different studies and progress of research in dynamics of boron and its management in different horticulture and agriculture crops.
Evaluation of the Hepatic effects of Caladium hortulanum Leaf Extract on Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Oforibika G. A. , Obia C.
Published: August 2022

This study evaluates the hepatic effects of caladium hortulanum leaf extract on wistar albino rats. A total of twenty-four (24) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups labeled A, B, C and D and kept in a well-ventilated room.  Group A served as control and these rats were fed distilled water. Rats in the groups B, C, and D were given three (3) different doses of the leaf extract (1.5, 3.5 and 5.0mL/Kgbw) respectively. They were administered once daily for 14 and 28 days consecutively. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the last treatment. Blood samples were collected into heparinized sample bottles for analysis. All liver enzymes and histology results were normal for short term use in this study. Alkaline phosphatase was increased in a dose dependent manner when used in the long term. Histopathological changes were seen in all doses when Caladium hortulanum leaf extract was used in the long term. This suggests that this medicinal plant cause some degree of hepatic damage when used for continuously for long periods at a time. Care should therefore be taken with their use, prescriptions reviewed as needed and regular monitoring of liver function should be instituted.
Designing Geometric Degrees of Freedom in ReO3‐Type Coordination Polymers
Authors: Burger Stefan , Hemmer Karina , Mayer David C. , Vervoorts Pia , Daisenberger Dominik , Zaręba Jan K. , Kieslich Gregor
Published: August 2022

Engineering the interplay of structural degrees of freedom that couple to external stimuli such as temperature and pressure is a powerful approach for material design. New structural degrees of freedom expand the potential of the concept, and coordination polymers as a chemically versatile material platform offer fascinating possibilities to address this challenge. Here, we report a new class of perovskite‐like AB2X6 coordination polymers based on a [BX3] − ReO3‐type host network ([Mn(C2N3)3] −), in which the spatial orientation of divalent A2+ cations ([R3N(CH2)nNR3]2+) with separated charge centers that bridge adjacent ReO3‐cavities is introduced as a new geometric degree of freedom. Herringbone and head‐to‐tail order pattern of [R3N(CH2)nNR3]2+ cations are obtained by varying the separator length n and, together with distortions of the pseudocubic [BX3] − network, they determine the materials’ stimuli‐responsive behavior such as counterintuitive large negative compressibility and uniaxial negative thermal expansion. This new family of coordination polymers highlights the chemists’ capabilities of designing matter on a molecular level to address macroscopic material functionality and underpins the opportunities of the design of structural degrees of freedom as a conceptual framework for rational material synthesis in the future.
High Photocurrent Anisotropy in Domain‐Engineered Ferroelectrics for Visible‐Light Polarization Detection
Authors: Matsuo Hiroki , Noguchi Yuji
Published: August 2022

Visible‐light polarization detection is a critical challenge for next‐generation light communication and imaging technologies. While low‐dimensional nanomaterials exhibit polarization‐dependent photocurrents originating from their anisotropic absorption, ferroelectric photovoltaics provide a photocurrent derived from spatial inversion symmetry breaking. Here, it is reported that domain‐engineered ferroelectrics are promising materials for visible‐light polarization detection. Polarization angle‐resolved photocurrent measurements demonstrate that the introduction of domain walls in ferroelectric BiFe0.95Mn0.05O3 films increases the photocurrent anisotropy ratio up to 7.9 under visible light with hν = 2.4 eV (λ = 515 nm), which is much higher than that of typical nanomaterials (≈2–3). Simulations of polarization‐dependent photocurrents show that the domain walls provide an additional degree of freedom for designing ferroelectrics with quite high photocurrent anisotropy. This study opens up the possibility of developing ferrophotovoltaic‐based visible‐light polarization detectors with simple device structures.
Radical C−H Alkylation with Ethers and Unactivated Cycloalkanes toward the Assembly of Tetrasubstituted Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: San Segundo Marcos , Correa Arkaitz
Published: August 2022

A radical α−C−H alkylation of a collection of N‐picolinamide amino acid derivatives with ethers and cycloalkanes as chemical feedstock is described. This cross‐dehydrogenative coupling is distinguished by its reliable scalability and removable auxiliary group, and enables the assembly of a variety of tri‐ and tetrasubstituted amino acid compounds.

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Constrained robust Bayesian optimization of expensive noisy black‐box functions with guaranteed regret bounds
Authors: Kudva Akshay , Sorourifar Farshud , Paulson Joel A.
Published: August 2022

Many real‐world design problems involve optimization of expensive black‐box functions. Bayesian optimization (BO) is a promising approach for solving such challenging problems using probabilistic surrogate models to systematically tradeoff between exploitation and exploration of the design space. Although BO is often applied to unconstrained problems, it has recently been extended to the constrained setting. Current constrained BO methods, however, cannot identify solutions that are robust to unavoidable uncertainties. In this article, we propose a robust constrained BO method, constrained adversarially robust Bayesian optimization (CARBO), that addresses this challenge by jointly modeling the effect of the design variables and uncertainties on the unknown functions. Using exact penalty functions, we establish a bound on the number of CARBO iterations required to find a near‐global robust solution and provide a rigorous proof of convergence. The advantages of CARBO are demonstrated on two case studies including a non‐convex benchmark problem and a realistic bubble column reactor design problem.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of COLEC10‐Related 3MC syndrome: A glimpse into COLEC10‐Related 3MC syndrome in the Ashkenazi Jewish population
Authors: Rabin Rachel , Hirsch Yoel , Chung Wendy K. , Ekstein Josef , Levy‐Lahad Ephrat , Zuckerman Shachar , Mor‐Shaked Hagar , Meiner Vardiella , Booth Kevin T. , Pappas John
Published: August 2022

Bi‐allelic variants in COLEC11 and MASP1 have been associated with 3MC syndrome, a clinical entity made of up four rare autosomal recessive disorders: Carnevale, Mingarelli, Malpuech, and Michels syndromes, characterized by variable expression of facial dysmorphia, cleft lip/palate, postnatal growth deficiency, hearing loss, cognitive impairment, craniosynostosis, radioulnar synostosis, and genital and vesicorenal anomalies. More recently, bi‐allelic variants in COLEC10 have been described to be associated with 3MC syndrome. Syndromic features seen in 3MC syndrome are thought to be due to disruption of the chemoattractant properties that influence neural crest cell migration. We identified nine individuals from five families of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with homozygosity of the c.311G > T (p.Gly104Val) variant in COLEC10 and phenotype consistent with 3MC syndrome. Carrier frequency was calculated among 52,278 individuals of Jewish descent. Testing revealed 400 carriers out of 39,750 individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, giving a carrier frequency of 1 in 99 or 1.01%. Molecular protein modeling suggested that the p.Gly104Val substitution alters local conformation. The c.311G > T (p.Gly104Val) variant likely represents a founder variant, and homozygosity is associated with features of 3MC syndrome. 3MC syndrome should be in the differential diagnosis for individuals with short stature, radioulnar synostosis, cleft lip and cleft palate.
Towards osteogenic bioengineering of human dental pulp stem cells induced by incorporating Prunus amygdalus dulcis extract in polycaprolactone‐gelatin nanofibrous scaffold
Authors: Valizadeh Nasrin , Salehi Roya , Roshangar Leila , Agbolaghi Samira , Mahkam Mehrdad
Published: August 2022

In this study, the osteo‐inductive potential of Prunus amygdalus dulcis (SA) extract that loaded with different concentrations in poly‐ε‐Caprolactone/gelatin (PCL/GEL) nanofibrous scaffolds was investigated. The morphology and composition of nanofibers were evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscope and FT‐IR spectroscopy. Mechanical properties, hydrophilicity and pore structures were determined by tensile test, contact angle, and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, respectively. By incorporation of SA extract into PCL/GEL nanofibers, mechanical capabilities as well as their physical qualities were improved. The response of human dental pulp stem cells on prepared scaffolds were studied using MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red assay, and quantitave real‐time PCR analysis. The SA loaded nanofibers presented excellent cell attachment and enhanced osteoblast proliferation and mineralization compared to the pristine PCL/GEL nanofibers. The analysis revealed the addition SA extract to PCL/GEL nanofibers increased the expression of osteogenic genes significantly. According to our findings, PCL/GEL/SA nanofibers show a lot of potential for bone tissue engineering.
Wage arbitrage through skilled emigration: Evidence from the Pacific Islands
Authors: Chand Satish , Clemens Michael , Dempster Helen
Published: August 2022

Skilled workers in poor countries earn wages a fraction of that of their counterparts in rich nations. Here, we estimate the opportunities for wage arbitrage from emigration of workers from the Pacific Islands into Australia and New Zealand. Our calculations, based on wages earned by graduate accountants, computer science graduates and cooks with Certificate III qualifications, reveal wage premiums of a factor of up to 10 from emigration. Likewise, the cost of training to Australian standards within the Pacific Islands is as little as a third of that in Australia meaning that the total factor of economic arbitrage is 30.
Behavioral beliefs about genetic counseling among high‐risk Latina breast cancer survivors in Florida and Puerto Rico
Authors: Rivera Rivera Jessica N. , Conley Claire C. , Castro‐Figueroa Eida M. , Moreno Laura , Dutil Julie , García Jennifer D. , Ricker Charité , Quinn Gwendolyn P. , Soliman Hatem , Vadaparampil Susan T.
Published: August 2022

Compared with non‐Hispanic White women, Latina women are less likely to receive genetic counseling (GC) and testing (GT) following BC diagnosis. This study used secondary data analysis to explore beliefs about GC among Latina BC survivors in and outside the US mainland. GC/GT‐naïve, high‐risk, Spanish‐preferring Latina BC survivors (n = 52) in FL and PR completed the Behavioral Beliefs about GC scale. Participants reported high positive beliefs about GC (M = 4.19, SD = 0.92); the majority agreed that GC was beneficial to understand cancer risk (90%) and promote discussion (87%) in their family. Participants reported low‐to‐moderate scores for barriers (Ms = 1.53–3.40; SDs = 0.59–0.90). The most frequently endorsed barriers were desire for additional GC information (M = 3.44; SD = 0.90), and GC logistic concerns (M = 2.71; SD = 0.80). No statistically significant differences for barriers and benefits scales were identified by place of residence (all ps ≥ 0.12). These findings highlight the importance of delivering culturally sensitive GC information to high‐risk Latina BC survivors.
Bias behind closed doors: Chinese consumers' perception of foreign wines
Authors: Christian Jesse Elias , Wang Di
Published: August 2022

Although considerable research has explored consumer ethnocentrism and conspicuous consumption effects independently, a meaningful quantitative analysis of the interaction of such effects on consumer perception is yet to be undertaken. This study aims to provide insight into these effects by examining the impacts of consumer ethnocentrism and consumption setting on foreign Country‐of‐Origin (COO) effects in a Chinese consumer wine market context. A total of 324 wine consumers in mainland China participated in a 3 (COO: France vs. Australia vs. China) × 2 (Consumption Setting: Public vs. Private) × continuous (Chinese consumer ethnocentrism) between‐subject, factorial design experiment. The study finds that Chinese consumers favor French red wine when compared with its Australian and Chinese counterparts but shows that Australian wines still benefit through smaller, indirect COO effects. Additionally, French COO effects are mediated by the utilitarian and hedonic meanings of red wine and moderated by consumer trait ethnocentrism and the consumption setting. This paper contributes to the understanding of culturally informed self‐regulation of consumer behaviors and how Chinese consumer ethnocentrism interacts with consumption settings to alter a consumer's perception of foreign goods. The findings of this paper also provide practical insight into Chinese wine consumers' perceptions and decision‐making processes for wine exporters.
Central positional vertigo as first initial multiple sclerosis symptom: A case report with systematic review
Authors: Meshref Mostafa , Shaheen Ahmed , Elmatboly Abdelmagid M. , Hamdallah Aboalmagd , Abdella Walid Shaban , Amro Yara , Khairat Shiamaa M. , Swed Sarya
Published: August 2022

Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects the central nervous system, resulting in various symptoms such as vision, physical activity, and stability. Central positional vertigo as initial multiple sclerosis symptoms are a rare case. It increases the attention of doctors to follow accurate measurements to diagnose multi sclerosis regarding the initial symptoms.
Giant internal carotid artery aneurysms and porcelain aorta in an elderly patient with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Yagi Hiroki , Takeda Norifumi , Hosoya Yumiko , Yamauchi Haruo , Komuro Issei
Published: August 2022

Marfan syndrome (MFS) an inherited disorder caused by FBN1 gene variants, is well known to cause lethal aortic aneurysm and dissections at a relatively young age. Here, we report giant internal carotid artery aneurysms (ICAAs) and porcelain aorta in an elderly patient with MFS.
Giant cell myocarditis following COVID‐19 successfully treated by immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Amiri Afsaneh , Houshmand Golnaz , Taghavi Sepideh , Kamali Monireh , Faraji Mona , Naderi Nasim
Published: August 2022

It has been shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), can lead to multi‐organ impairment including cardiac involvement and immunological problems. Acute myocarditis is one of serious and fatal complications of COVID‐19. In this case report, we present a 46‐year‐old lady with a history of lichen planus dermatitis who has developed a rapidly progressive heart failure after an episode of COVID‐19. The pathologic examination of her endomyocardial biopsy specimens was compatible with GCM, and she was successfully treated with a combined immunosuppressive therapy regimen.
Intestinal tuberculosis—the challenging mimicker—in a young Sudanese patient: A case report
Authors: Ahmed Hayat A. , Babiker Hiba O.
Published: August 2022

This article reported a case of intestinal tuberculosis (ITB)in a young patient. ITB could mimic many other diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease), abdominal lymphoma, and others which make it difficult to differentiate; hence, many ITB patients could get mis‐diagnosed and suffer wrong treatment consequences.
A fatal case of repeated ventricular fibrillation due to torsade de pointes following repeated administration of metoclopramide
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Nakamura Itaru , Takebayashi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Hidehiro
Published: August 2022

Although metoclopramide has many adverse effects, torsade de pointes (TdP) is rare. We describe a fatal case of repeated ventricular fibrillation due to TdP following repeated administration of metoclopramide. Administration of multiple doses of metoclopramide over a short time to a patient with risk factors for TdP should be avoided.
Collision lung tumor associating typical carcinoid tumor to sclerosing hemangioma
Authors: Mlika Mona , Rais Abir , Abdelkbir Amina , Saad Soumeya Ben , Abdennadher Mahdi , Baccouche Ines , El Mezni Faouzi
Published: August 2022

Collision tumors associating carcinoid tumor and sclerosing pneumocytoma have rarely been reported in the literature. The clinical presentation may be challenging especially in cases showing multiple and bilateral nodules. This case illustrates the association of both tumors diagnosed incidentally and illustrates a full spectrum of neuroendocrine lesions and sclerosing pneumocytoma. The authors present the case of a 52‐year‐old patient presenting an abdominal pain revealing a vesicular lithiasis and multiple pulmonary nodules. Radiologic follow‐up of the asymptomatic lung lesions revealed the stabilization of a left lobe lesion with a disappearance of the other lesions. A lobectomy with a mediastinal lymph node curettage was performed. The microscopic examination revealed both tumor components associating a typical carcinoid tumor to a sclerosing pneumocytoma in association to lesions of diffuse neuroendocrine hyperplasia present in the peri‐tumoral parenchyma. This case illustrates radiologic, gross, and microscopic features of a rare pulmonary tumor.
Borderline tuberculoid leprosy misdiagnosed as Cheilitis Granulomatosa Miescher: A case report
Authors: Sitaula Seema , Mishra Aman , Chalise Sanat , Mishra Aakash
Published: August 2022

Macrocheilia, as an initial manifestation of leprosy, is uncommon. We present a case of a 50‐year‐old female, with lower lip swelling, initially diagnosed as Cheilitis Granulomatosa Miescher. Unresponsiveness to local intralesional corticosteroids necessitated further evaluation. Repeat tissue sampling yielded a confirmatory diagnosis of borderline tuberculoid leprosy, which was managed successfully.
Future insights on high temperature ceramics and composites for extreme environments
Authors: Annerino Anthony , Lawson Mark , Gouma Pelagia‐Irene
Published: August 2022

This document summarizes key research directions as they emerged during the proceedings of the Inaugural Orton Workshop that aimed to define scientific areas of current interest to the ceramics community around the theme of: “High Temperature Ceramics and Composites for Extreme Environments.” The topic was selected due to the timely interest in such materials to meet the needs of hypersonic aviation and space exploration and habitation. Experts from funding agencies supporting ceramics research, thought‐leaders from academia with expertise spanning materials processing, characterization, and modeling, as well as research and development leaders from key (aviation‐related) industries, gathered to evaluate the state‐of‐the‐art in this field and to address key questions with the intent of accelerating research and development efforts on all fronts. Highlights of the work presented and of the discussion and brainstorming sessions are provided here. It was the purpose of the organizers (The Orton Ceramic Foundation and the Orton Chair in Ceramic Engineering at OSU) to establish this event as a service to the Ceramics community in the spirit the founder of the field of Ceramic Engineering, Dr. Edward Orton Jr.
Disease‐related thrombocytopenia in myelofibrosis is defined by distinct genetic etiologies and is associated with unique prognostic correlates
Authors: Kuykendall Andrew T. , Mo Qianxing , Sallman David A. , Ali Najla Al , Chan Onyee , Yun Seongseok , Sweet Kendra L. , Padron Eric , Lancet Jeffrey E. , Komrokji Rami S.
Published: August 2022

Background

Thrombocytopenia in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) is prognostically detrimental and poses a therapeutic challenge. MF patients with thrombocytopenia are considered high‐risk by most prognostic models and their distinct phenotype has given rise to the emerging concept of cytopenic MF. Yet, the mechanisms underlying thrombocytopenia in MF are poorly understood.

Methods

This study aimed to highlight the genetic mechanisms driving low platelet counts in treatment‐naive MF patients, establish their phenotypic correlates, and assess prognostic factors specific to this group of patients.

Results

The authors found that most patients presenting with low platelets had a clear thrombocytopenia‐specific genetic abnormality involving a U2AF1 Q157 mutation, deletion 20q, molecular complexity (three or more mutations), or high‐risk karyotype. Etiologic clustering did not correlate with prognosis; however, thrombocytopenic patients were found to have unique prognostic variables including low serum albumin and mutations of SRSF2 and TP53. This led to the proposal of a prognostic model (SRSF2, albumin, TP53 score) that stratifies thrombocytopenic patients as low, intermediate, or high‐risk with corresponding median survivals of 93.5, 29.5, and 7.2 months, respectively.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that thrombocytopenia in MF is driven by different genetic mechanisms and is not uniformly high‐risk. As novel agents with improved hematologic safety profiles enter the treatment landscape, thoughtful, risk‐adapted therapeutic decisions will be required for MF patients with thrombocytopenia.

Lay Summary

A significant minority of patients with myelofibrosis (MF) present with low platelets.

Historically, these patients have been viewed as having “high‐risk” disease, but this may not be uniformly true.

Our study shows that there are various different causes for low platelets in MF, some of which represent high‐risk disease whereas others do not.

Additionally, our study shows that genetic mutations affecting the genes SRSF2 and TP53 are uniquely problematic in this group, as is a low serum albumin level.

This study helps to risk‐stratify MF patients with thrombocytopenia, thereby providing more information to guide informed and individualized treatment decisions.
Rhabdomyosarcoma in children: Retrospective analysis from a single tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Markiz Samer N. , Khan Safia , Wagley Zainab B. , Viqaruddin Mohammed K. , Khafaga Yasser M. , AlFawaz Ibrahim A. , AlAnazi Awatif E. , AlKofide Amani , Khoja Hatem A. , Ali Afshan A.
Published: August 2022

Background

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children occurring most commonly in the head and neck region. The treatment involves using a multimodality approach including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Survival for patients with localized disease has improved markedly, but the treatment of advanced disease remains a challenge. We report the clinical characteristics and outcome for patients treated at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Patients aged 0–14 years diagnosed with RMS between 2005 and 2018 were included. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate overall and event free survival. Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.

Results

One hundred and twenty‐four patients were analyzed. The median age was 5.7 years with male predominance (2.4:1). The most common primary sites were head/neck (30%) and the genitourinary tract (25%). Embryonal RMS was present in 81%; alveolar in 19%. Most patients had intermediate risk disease (60%). The 5‐year overall and event free survivals were 64.3% and 53.3%, respectively. Survival was influenced by primary tumor site, histology, and clinical risk group. Unfavorable primary site, high risk stratification, and poor initial response to therapy predicted a poor outcome.

Conclusion

This study provides an insight on the current management outcomes for our patients with RMS. Cytogenetics and molecular diagnostics need to be incorporated as standard of care in the therapeutic approach of our patients. In addition, there is a need for national collaborative efforts to improve the outcome of RMS in children and adolescents.