bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ações afirmativas: um estudo do diferencial de desempenho acadêmico entre estudantes cotistas e não cotistas da UFV-CRP
Authors: Galvão Kerly Cristina de Oliveira , Gonçalves Rosiane Maria Lima , Teixeira Fábio André , Corrêa Lays Matias Mazoti
Published: July 2023

Resumo Este trabalho analisou os resultados da implementação da política de ação afirmativa que institui cotas nas Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFEs), Lei 12.711/2012, na Universidade Federal de Viçosa Campus Rio Paranaíba (UFV-CRP). Por meio de testes estatísticos não paramétricos, comparou-se o desempenho acadêmico de estudantes cotistas em relação a estudantes não cotistas no período de 2016 a 2020. Os dados 2 dos 2.585 casos analisados contêm informações sobre a nota de ingresso de estudantes nos cursos de graduação por meio do Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SiSU/MEC) a partir do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM); informações sobre o desempenho acadêmico a partir do coeficiente de rendimento acumulado (CRA) e o número de reprovações. Os resultados demonstraram que, apesar da média da nota de ingresso (ENEM) de estudantes cotistas ser estatisticamente inferior à média da nota de estudantes não cotistas, ocorre uma evolução após o ingresso quando, na maioria dos cursos de graduação da UFV-CRP, não há diferença estatística significativa nas médias do coeficiente de rendimento acumulado e no número de reprovações entre os dois grupos. Evidenciou-se que a ação afirmativa proporciona o acesso de grupos em vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, sem prejuízos à qualidade do ensino. Os resultados deste estudo contribuem para atualizar e aprofundar o debate público e a avaliação da chamada Lei de Cotas, que estava prevista para 2022.
MACROSCOPIC SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF GASOLINE, METHANOL, AND ETHANOL IN DIRECT INJECTION SPARK IGNITION ENGINE-LIKE CONDITIONS
Authors: Kumar Dhananjay , Agarwal Avinash Kumar
Published: July 2023

In recent decades, stringent emission norms have been enforced upon the engine research community and OEMs to encourage them to develop new spark ignition engine technologies, such as variable valve lifts, turbocharging, and direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines. For further development, greater control of parameters such as in-cylinder air motion, spray characteristics, injection,
and ignition events is required. Spray characterizations are crucial for understanding the mixing phenomena in heated and pressurized engine combustion chamber conditions. Spray pattern, fuel injection pressure (FIP), rate shape, and thermodynamic conditions of the combustion chamber play
a vital role in the mixture preparation. The present study uses Mie-Scattering techniques to examine spray structures of fuels like methanol and ethanol and compare them to gasoline, which is of great interest to DISI engines. Three different temperatures of 50, 100, and 200°C and two chamber pressures, 4 and 8 bar, are considered to simulate typical engine-cylinder conditions. It is observed
that the initial chamber conditions greatly influence the spray structure. Spray collapse is lesser for
alcohol than gasoline. Three semi-empirical models for predicting spray penetration are analyzed:
Dent, Hiroyasu and Arai, and Arrègle. These models could not differentiate between the test fuels, particularly methanol and ethanol, for predicting spray penetration length. The degree of deviation in predictions is the lowest in the Hiroyasu and Arai model and the highest in the Dent model. Spray penetration length increased with an increasing FIP regardless of ambient conditions; however, the spray penetration length decreased with increasing chamber pressure.
Participation of Trainees, Trainers, and Program Directors of Anesthetists and Anesthesia Technicians in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program in Turkiye
Authors: ŞENAYLI Yeşim , TEZEL Başak
Published: July 2023

Backgroun/Aims: The Newborn Resuscitation Program aims to ensure that healthcare professionals prevent complications that may occur in the baby, mainly due to asphyxia. Like some other health providers, anesthesia staffs also participate in this program. We aim to determine the rate of participation and contribution of anesthesiologists and anesthesia technicians to programs. We discussed why participation in this program is essential and what results in it will have when evaluated with the after-effects.
Method: After the approval of the Gulhane Scientific Research Ethics Committee, the participant records of the courses, which has been organized since 1998, were examined. The records show the number of anesthesia staff according to the total number of people and their distribution by year. We compared total participants to anesthesia staff with the inclusion of trainees, trainers, and course directors in our country. The distribution of these sums and what these numbers might mean were investigated.
Results: Only one anesthetist attended the first course as a trainee in 1998. The highest participation as anesthetist and anesthesia technician was in 2010, with 494 participants, 218 and 276, respectively. Since the beginning of the course, 2392 anesthesiologists and 3124 anesthesia technicians out of 75,256 trainees have received training. The average is 3.57 percent. Sixteen out of 47 anesthesiologists and 7 out of 11 anesthesia technicians actively contribute to the programs as trainers. Only five anesthetists and two technicians determined the course directors. All of those directors are active in the program.
Conclusion: The number of trainers and course directors is relatively low compared to the total number of people working in the anesthesia branch nationwide. As anesthesia staff is critical for neonatal resuscitations, increasing anesthesia staff participation can significantly reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of the literature on electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatry between 2000-2023
Authors: ŞEVİK Ali Emre
Published: July 2023

Aim: This study aims to give a bibliometric overview of the electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) literature in the psychiatry research area, published between 2000 and 2023.

Material and Method: The data was retrieved on June 1, 2023, in accordance with the set search strategy, from the Web of Science Core Collection, which served as the data source. For the analysis of published literature, the bibliometrics tool VOS Viewer was employed.

Results: According to the search strategy, this study included 1909 articles regarding ECT. With 567 publications and 12632 citations, the United States was determined to be the country with the greatest importance in this study. Additionally, more than 100 publications on ECT were published in Germany (n=171), Australia (n=148), China (n=127), the Netherlands (n=124), and Japan (n=110). Based on the volume of published records, the Mayo Clinic in the United States was the most significant institution in ECT research. The bulk of publications (39.9%) were published in the Journal of ECT.

Conclusions: The bibliometric analysis in this study provided information on recent developments in publications on ECT from 2000 to 2023. The results can act as the basis for further field research.
Türkçe Eğitimi Alanındaki Makalelerin Akademik Söylem Oluşumu
Authors: FURTUN Serkan , BÖREKÇİ Muhsine
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki Türkçe eğitimi üzerine çalışılan akademik metinlerin tür analizi çerçevesinde çeşitli başlıklar altında söylem analizinin yapılmasını ve ilgili makalelerin uzman görüşleri ile değerlendirilerek bilimsel dile ve yapıya uygunluğunun incelemesini amaçlamaktadır. Bu araştırma için Türkçe eğitimini konu alan makaleler çalışma materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Makaleler Türkçeye uyarlanan makale inceleme formatı ile doküman incelemesine tabi tutulmuştur. Ardından Türkçe eğitimi makalelerinin yayınlandığı dergilerin Türkçe eğitimi alan editörleriyle araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen görüşme formuyla Türkçe eğitimi makalelerinin durum hakkında görüşme tekniği ile veri alınmıştır. Bu verilerin işlenmesi ve yorumlanması makalenin bulgular kısmında, karşılaştırması ise tartışma bölümünde yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 402 makale incelenmiş ve 12 editör ile mülakat yapılmıştır. Bulgular, her bir veri setinin ayrı ayrı incelenmesini, tartışma ise veri setlerinin ilişkilendirmesini içermektedir. Bu çalışma ile Türkçe eğitimi makalelerinin sorunlarının tespit edilmesi, yazarın çalışmadaki konumu ve topladığı verileri nasıl kullanması gerektiğine yönelik yöntem bilimsel, bağlamsal, epistemolojik ve içeriğe dayalı öneriler yer almaktadır.
Türk Kültüründe Silah ve Hegemonik Erkeklik Sembolü Olarak Silahın Kullanımı
Authors: ŞAHİNER Ahmet Emin
Published: July 2023

Tarihte Türkler silahla birlikte yaşamış bir millettir. Silah, Türk kültürünün bilinen eski zamanlarından itibaren var olmanın, hayatta kalmanın vesilesi olarak sembolleşmekte ve kahramanlığın, gücün, iktidarın, hâkimiyetin gerçekleşmesinin temel unsuru olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türk kültüründe silahın, erkeklik ve güç ile ilişkisi ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle Türk kültürünün yazılı kaynaklarındaki eski Türk topluluklarında, Türk silah kültürü ve kültürü etkileyen unsurlar tespit edilmiştir. Bu tespitlerle, toplumsal cinsiyetçi yaklaşımlardan hegemonik erkeklik bağlamında, silahın geçmişten günümüze işlevleri üzerine halkbilimsel değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Geçmişteki silahın hayatta kalma mücadelesinde üstünlük ve güvenlik işlevlerinin, günümüzde ataerkil toplum düzeniyle yetişmiş insanların erkeklik inşa süreçlerine etkisi ve silahın suç olgusuyla olan ilişkisi istatistiksel veriler ışığında tartışılmıştır. Dünyada yaşanan ihtisaslaşma, endüstrileşme süreçleri ile silah teknolojisinin gelişmesi, silah çeşidinin artması ve silahları kolay ulaşılan unsurlar haline getirmiştir. Silah, “suç” olgusuyla bağlantılı olarak insanları adeta birer suç makinesi haline getirebilmektedir. Erkeklik ve -toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmalarının popüler ifadesiyle- hegemonik erkeklik ile silahlar arasında yakın ilişkinin olduğu çeşitli çalışmalarda ortaya çıkan sonuçlardan biridir. Erkeklik inşasında silahla sağlanan güç, farklı toplumlarda değişkenlik gösterebilir.
Live Follicle Isolation from Human Ovarian Tissue v1
Authors: Jones Andrea
Published: July 2023

This protocol outlines steps to obtain live primordial/primary follicles from fresh or cryopreserved human ovarian cortex. Here, we do not outline steps for removing the ovarian cortex from the organ and slicing 1 mm thick sections, nor do we outline cryopreservation and tissue thawing methods. Tissue is digested enzymatically using Collagenase IA and DNase I then follicles are isolated from the digested tissue first using cell strainers and then by individual collection from the suspension. Note that RBC lysis step may not be necessary if organ was perfused prior to tissue collection.
Astrocyte isolation and culturing v1
Authors: F Riley Julia
Published: July 2023

This protocol details steps for preparing an astrocyte monoculture from mouse pups. From dissection to plated samples ready to be transfected, treated, lysed, or imaged, the protocol takes 20-25 days.
Cell lysis and gel electrophoresis for protein analysis of HeLa cells v1
Authors: HARDING OLIVIA
Published: July 2023

Here, we present multiple protocols used for biochemical analysis of protein expression and association. First, we used a simple lysis technique to determine the efficiency of an siRNA knockdown. Then, we modified two previously published methods for assaying co-precipitation of p62 and NEMO with magnetic beads conjugated to a GFP-trap molecule. In the first, we pulled down EGFP-NEMO in control or mitochondrial damaged conditions, and in the second, we pulled down EGFP-Ubiquitin in p62-/- cells with expression of wild-type p62 or a dysfunctional mutant. Since p62 is known to form multimers, we used specialized buffers to preserve those putative interactions. We were able to reproduce results published previously by pulling down EGFP-Ubiquitin in p62-expressing cells. However, interestingly, we did not find evidence that NEMO interacts with p62 in the soluble fraction, or via ubiquitin chains generated in basal conditions. These studies demonstrated that NEMO recruitment to damaged mitochondria occurs in specific circumstances, and NEMO colocalization with p62 is also dependent on multiple factors.
Supplementary materials for: Lower hemoglobin levels associate with higher baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability v1
Authors: not provided joona.tapio
Published: July 2023

Supplementary materials for: Lower hemoglobin levels associate with higher baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability
EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION OF HUMAN p62 (HIS-TEV-mCherry-p62) v1
Authors: Zaffagnini Gabriele
Published: July 2023

This protocol describes how to express and purify human p62 tagged N-terminally with HIS and TEV. The expression is performed with E. coli Rosetta pLysS cells. The protein is purified via a HisTrap column and gel filtration (SEC).
Nuclei Isolation for FACS v1
Authors: Caceres Lakme
Published: July 2023

This protocol is for purifying nuclei for downstream 10X sequencing.
Improving Disaster Preparedness Services for People with Disabilities
Authors: Istiarsyah Istiarsyah , Kamarullah Kamarullah , Setiawan Robiansyah , Dawi Amir Hasan
Published: July 2023

Lack of disaster preparedness has contributed to many disaster victims, especially people with disabilities, who are often neglected in making disaster risk reduction plans. In light of the recent World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR) in Sendai, Japan, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030, which establishes new priorities for disaster risk reduction over the next 15 years, this issue has become a hot topic since then. This paper aims to contribute ideas to the Indonesian government in reforming and improving disaster preparedness services for people with disabilities based on successful theories, research, and practices developed in several countries. Through reviewing literature studies related to the issue and interviewing relevant informants in Indonesia, both data sources coped with six strategies that may contribute to improving disaster preparedness for disabled individuals. The strategies as the results of this study are intended to be used as reference material, particularly by the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), in order to aid in the creation of a framework to better comprehend the communication, mobilization, transportation, and medical requirements of people with disabilities in the context of preparing disaster preparedness program scenarios.
Phonological Awareness in Students With Reading Difficulties at Elementary School
Authors: Bahrudin Bahrudin , Taboer Mohammad Arif , Rochyadi Endang , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: July 2023

Phonological awareness is an essential skill for children to learn to read. Most children with reading difficulties have problems with it. This article was written to describe phonological awareness skills in children with reading difficulties with a descriptive method. There were 31 students with reading difficulties were tested informally. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive techniques and tabulation will define the result of their test. The results showed that there were 25 (81percent) students have problems with phonological awareness. It is indicated almost all students with reading difficulties cannot read with phonological awareness un-mastery. This theme opens up opportunities for further research on phonological awareness of language in primary schools given its importance in teaching reading in schools.
Faktor-faktor Opini Audit Going Concern: Studi Empiris Perusahaan Dagang Tahun 2017-2020
Authors: Putra Wahyu Manuhara , Fransiska Peni
Published: July 2023

Latar Belakang: Laporan keuangan merupakan bagian terpenting dalam suatu perusahaan sebab laporan keuangan menyampaikan penjelasan tentang keuangan perusahaan pada pihak investor. Saat investor memutuskan untuk berinvestasi, cara yang paling mudah akan hal itu ialah dengan melihat opini audit atas laporan hasil audit yang diberikan auditor independen. Tujuan: Menganalisis pengaruh audit lag, audit terune, opinion shopping, disclosure, debt default, dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya terhadap opini audit going concern pada perusahaan dagang yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2017-2020.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sekunder kepada perusahaan dagang yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017-2020 dengan jumlah sampel yang memenuhi sebesar 26 perusahaan. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang komprehensif data diuji menggunakan model regresi logistik.Hasil Penelitian: Hasil yang didapatkan adalah audit lag, opinion shopping dan opini audit tahun sebelumnya berpengaruh terhadap opini audit going concern pada perusahaan dagang tahun 2017-2020. Sedangkan audit tenure, disclosure dan debt default tidak berpengaruh terhadap opini audit going concern.Keterbatasan Penelitian: Terbatasnya jumlah sampel dan periode waktu yang diteliti, maka perlu untuk menambahkan periode data. Keaslian/Novelty Penelitian: Penelitian ini diterapkan pada industri yang berbeda yaitu perusahaan dagang.
Surgical site infection: Clinico- bacteriological Profile and antibiogram in a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata
Authors: Sikdar Subhendu , Choudhury Kabita , Basu Swati , Bhattacharjee Swagata Ganguly , Deb Sonia , Tabassum Nourine
Published: July 2023

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major health care associated infections and possess a great challenge to clinicians. It increases duration of hospital stay, associated morbidity and mortality and treatment cost. For prompt and appropriate management, it is necessary to understand the appropriate microbial etiology and its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.

To determine the prevalence of SSI along with its clinico-bacteriological profile and antibiogram and to correlate with the risk factors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata for a period of one year (2020-2021). Post-operative surgical site infections within 30 days after surgery were included in the study. All samples were collected from clinically suspected SSI cases and processed in the lab as per standard laboratory protocol. Vitek®2 compact system (BIOMERIEUX) was used for further identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. All Gram negative pathogens resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins were screened for ESBL and AmpC. Carbapenem resistant isolates were subjected to Carba NP test for carbapenemase production.

Out of 6582 surgeries, clinically suspected SSIs were detected in 220 cases. Among these 220 patients, 186 patients were confirmed as SSI in the laboratory, SSI rate being 2.83%. In 62.27% cases, growth was mono-microbial. Growth of gram negative organisms were noted in 58.72% cases and gram positive growth was 38.53%. (57.14%) was the predominant isolates followed by (35.94%). Diabetes mellitus, obesity and using prophylactic antibiotic >2 hours prior to surgery were found to be significantly associated. For gram positive organism, Vancomycin and Linezolid were found to be most susceptible antimicrobials and for gram negative organisms, it was Polymyxin B and Meropenem. Most of the gram negative organisms were ESBL producer (67.97%).

Rapidly emerging multi drug resistant organisms are complicating the management of surgical site infection day by day and possessing significant burden to health care system. For implementation of appropriate antimicrobial policy, it is important to identify bacteriological profile and antibiogram in every hospital.
Effect of Hydration on the Intermolecular Interaction of Various Quaternary Ammonium Based Head Groups with Hydroxide Ion of Anion Exchange Membrane Studied at the Molecular Level
Authors: Karibayev M. , Bekeshov D. , Myrzakhmetov B. , Kalybekkyzy S. , Wang Y. , Bakenov Zh. , Mentbayeva A.
Published: July 2023

Currently, the main limitation of Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is related to their low chemical stability under alkaline conditions due to the degradation of quaternary ammonium-based head groups, which lowers the transportation of hydroxide ions as well. The knowledge of the intermolecular interaction of various quaternary ammonium head groups with hydroxide ions is the key to improving hydroxide ion’s diffusivity and chemical stability of various quaternary ammonium-based head groups. Consequently, the intermolecular interaction of hydroxide ions with different quaternary ammonium head groups of anion exchange membranes is investigated at the different hydration levels via classical all-atom Molecular Dynamics and molecular well-tempered MetaDynamics simulation methods in this work. Several quaternary ammonium head groups (a) pyridinium, (b) 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane, (c) benzyltrimethylammonium, (d) n-methyl piperidinium, (e) guanidium, and (f) trimethylhexylammonium were investigated in detail. Classical all-atom molecular dynamic simulations illustrate that the results of radial distribution function between the nitrogen atoms of six different quaternary ammonium head groups and hydroxide ion are as follows: (a) > (c) ≥ (f) > (d) > (e) > (b). In addition, from the diffusion coefficient values it was found that the mobility of hydroxide ion by quaternary ammonium head group (f) was lower than (c) at the different hydration levels.
Изучение иммуномодулирующей способности молочнокислых и пропионовокислых бактерий, входящих в состав лечебного пробиотического средства, против кишечных инфекций человека
Authors: Гаврилова Н.Н , Ратникова И.А. , Саданов А.К , Оразымбет С.Э , Протасюк Л.Е , Каптагай Р.Ж , Кошелева Л.А
Published: July 2023

В ходе данного исследования в опыте на лабораторных животных была выявлена иммуномодулирующая способность молочнокислых и пропионовокислых бактерий, входящих в состав лечебного пробиотического средства, обладающего антагонистической активностью в отношении возбудителей кишечных инфекций.
Autoantibodies as laboratory predictors of the outcome of hematogenous osteomyelitis
Authors: Moskalec O.V
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess the spectrum of non-organ-specific autoantibodies and the frequency of their detection in acute and chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis. 74 children with hematogenous osteomyelitis were examined. A simultaneous increase in the level of various autoantibodies was associated with an unfavorable course of the disease (sluggish inflammatory process, formation of purulent fistulas, pathological fractures in the long term, transition to a chronic form in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis). Probably, in such cases, more active tactics of treatment and longer follow-up of the patient are required.
Обстоятельства совершения мошенничества в отношении предпринимателей и особенности оставляемых преступниками следов
Authors: Яцуценко И.В
Published: July 2023

Мошенничество, как правило, происходит в рабочее время потенциального потерпевшего предпринимателя, а местом преступления является его помещение (офис, касса, торговое помещение, бухгалтерия, склад), и помещения его контрагента или кредитной организации. В подобных местах необходимо искать следы хищения. В обстановке совершения мошенничества в отношении предпринимателей можно обнаружить идеальные, материальные и виртуальные следы совершения преступления
Исследование антиоксидантной активности безглютеновых гречишных солодовых коктейлей с добавлением пряно-ароматического и плодово-ягодного сырья
Authors: Зонич Л.А , Танашкина Т.В , Семенюта А.А.
Published: July 2023

В научном исследовании представлены рецептурные композиции солодовых коктейлей, изготовленных на основе гречишного солодового напитка с добавлением ягодных соков прямого отжима и настоев пряно-ароматического сырья. Для полученных образцов установлена высокая антиоксидантная активность
Разработка мероприятий по повышению уровня пожарной безопасности на предприятии нефтегазового комплекса
Authors: Сагидов С.Ф , Кузнецова Ю.В
Published: July 2023

В статье представлен углубленный анализ мер пожарной безопасности в нефтегазовой отрасли. Освещены присущие этому сектору экономики пожарные риски, подкрепленные примерами известных мировых инцидентов. Проведѐн анализ существующих мер и правил пожарной безопасности в нефтегазовой отрасли. Рассмотрены ряд методов и технологий по уменьшению возникновения пожароопасных ситуаций, стратегии реагирования на чрезвычайные ситуации и изменения в нормативно-правовой базе, подчеркивается важность интеграции мер безопасности в проектировании и строительстве опасных производственных объектов.
«Пребывание в тени» как лучший метод для обучения культуре безопасности сотрудников нефтегазового комплекса
Authors: Сергиенко Д.В , Кузнецова Ю.В
Published: July 2023

В данной статье рассматривается новый метод обучения культуре безопасности сотрудников на производственных предприятиях. Представлен сравнительный анализ предлагаемой методики с методом кейсов, как наиболее часто применяемых и действенных методик обучения
Digital transformation and post-Covid-19 education in South Africa: a review of literature
Authors: Chomunorwa Silence , Mashonganyika Emely , Marevesa Andrew
Published: July 2023

Little thought or speculation was given to the possibilities of digital transformation for basic education until the global Covid-19 pandemic acted as a catalyst for digital transformation in education. Given the global trends toward digital transformation of teaching and learning, the South African basic education system has not been spared. While South African education policy was put in place to drive digital transformation, challenges persist in its implementation. The aim of this study was to examine the challenges facing the South African basic education system in digital transformation and assess the strategies that can be used to mitigate these challenges. Although South Africa is attempting to address existing inequalities and the digital divide stemming from apartheid policies, the inequalities of the post-apartheid era have continued and worsened during the pandemic, resulting in a multi-layered digital divide that hinders quality and inclusive education. We adopted a narrative literature review in this study, focusing on previous studies that focused on ICT adoption, digital transformation, and inequality challenges in the South African education system. The findings make apparent the impact of the digital divide and former policies in perpetuating educational inequality. From the literature, strategies to mitigate the challenges are highlighted, including consultations.
Integrating technology in teaching and learning practices: students’ competencies
Authors: Faloye Samuel , Faniran Victor
Published: July 2023

Technology usage in teaching and learning is not a new pedagogical practice and the benefits of its adoption are noted in the literature. However, an area that is often neglected when integrating technology into teaching and learning is the competency level of the would-be learners or students. This study investigated student competency levels based on factors such as their prior exposure to computers and the availability of facilitating conditions such as human or technical support. The study adopted a descriptive approach and was quantitative in nature. Data was collected from 368 students by means of a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were obtained through quantitative analysis and the computer-based assessment acceptance model (CBAAM) was adopted. The results showed that the provisioning of facilitating conditions in a technology-integrated academic environment positively influences student competency in the use of technology. Furthermore, results showed that prior exposure to computers significantly impacts student competency levels in such an environment.
Developing an ontology-based system for semantic processing of scientific digital libraries
Authors: Malakhov Kyrylo , Petrenko Mykola , Cohn Ellen
Published: July 2023

The development of theories, methods, and algorithms for the discovery and formation of new knowledge remains one of the most important tasks for any researcher, especially if they are actively working to create new scientific publications. Yet, there is no universal language to describe full formal concepts (i.e. knowledge) or the systemology of transdisciplinary scientific research. Because of this, researchers face a set of urgent challenges. One such challenge is how to speed up the process of finding information in their own sources. To address this challenge, we created an ontology-related system for processing digital libraries of scientific publications. This system implements the technologies of information retrieval and knowledge discovery in digital libraries with an emphasis on technologies and instruments such as those used in the Semantic Web and cognitive graphics.
The Effects of Climate Change on Food Security
Authors: Marzban Ameneh , Dowlati Mohsen , Sadeghi-Nodoushan Fateme
Published: July 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Food Preferences of Primary School Students in Yazd, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tavakoli-Bahabadi Maryam , Abbasi-Shavazi Masoumeh , Jambarsang Sara , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh
Published: July 2023

Background: Studies have shown that children’s food preferences play a main role in the formation of long-term eating habits and nutritional patterns in their future lives. This study aimed to investigate food preferences of primary students in Yazd, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 primary school students of Yazd, both male and female, using two-stage sampling method. The data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire including demographic variables and food preferences checklist. The data were entered in SPSS 23 software and analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level of the tests was considered as P-value < 0.05. Results: Starchy food category with the mean score of 3.70±0.44 was reported as the highest food preference and protein category (3.17±0.69) was reported as the lowest food preference among food categories in students. Gender, economic status, and body mass index (BMI) were related to students’ food preferences (P < 0.05). The median score of food preference for vegetables, fruits, and proteins in girls was higher than boys (P < 0.05), and for starchy food, fast foods, snacks, and fats was higher for boys than for girls (P < 0.01). The mean score of starchy food preference in students with lean and normal BMI was higher than students in overweight and obese group (P= 0.01). Conclusion: Starchy food and protein categories were reported as the highest and lowest food preferences among primary school students, respectively. It seems necessary to pay special attention to increase the awareness of students as well as their parents and primary schools principals about healthy foods in childhood and healthy food environments.
Food Security of the Elderly during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lafz Sheida , Amini Zahra
Published: July 2023

Background: COVID-19 ushered in a new era of devastating economic and social conditions and sustainable food chains around the world. One of the most vulnerable groups in this situation was the elderly. This study aims to investigate the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security of the elderly living in Isfahan, Iran.
Methods: Written informed consent was obtained from 350 old people before entering the study. Data were collected using socioeconomic status and FaCPS-FSSM food security questionnaires; there were eight items which measured food security among the elderly.
Results: 41.7% (n=146) of the elderly had complete food security. In addition, 29.4% (n=103), 20% (n=70), and 8.9% (n=31) of participants suffered from food insecurity without hunger, food insecurity with moderate hunger, and food insecurity with severe hunger, respectively. There was a significant association between socioeconomic factors, such as age, education level, family size, the number of children and food security (P<0.001). Meanwhile, variables of gender, ethnicity, the total number of children, and marital status were not significantly associated with food security (P>0.001). In addition, there was a significant association between economic factors such as employment status, homeownership, having health insurance, receiving food aid, being supported by philanthropic organizations, and food security (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of food insecurity among the elderly, special attention should be paid to factors contributing to this issue; they should be translated into improved food security for the elderly by removing risk factors and strengthening protective factors.
Dehydration among the Elderly: A Comparison between Nine Different Clinical and Metabolic Criteria
Authors: Raeisi-Dehkordi Hamidreza , Shekarkhand Samira , Faghih Shiva
Published: July 2023

Background: Dehydration, as a common problem in older adults, plays a significant role in morbidity and mortality. The elderly are more susceptible to dehydration and fluid deficiency due to age-related factors. There is not much literature concerning fluid intake in older adults. This study aims to investigate fluid intake and dehydration prevalence in older people and compare the accuracy of potential markers in the detection of dehydration.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 127 old people (48 males and 79 females) selected from a nursing home in Shiraz, Iran. Socioeconomic status was assessed via interview. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), urine specific gravity (USG), urine color (UC) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), and total body water (TBW) were measured. The fluid intakes were recorded using a beverage and fluid intake questionnaire. Total fluid intakes were compared using two fluid intake guidelines (European guidelines and US guidelines) as well. Furthermore, anthropometric indices were measured.
Results: The mean age of participants was 73.01± 5.70 year. Fluid intake was 2.32 ± 0.48 liter/day.  Based on urine specific gravity (USG) (˃1.020) and SBP (SBP ˂ 100 mmHg), 9.4% and 14.2% of the participants were dehydrated respectively. Among all hydration criteria, ECW had the highest potential for detection which identified 72.4% of participants as dehydrated. Among fluid intake guidelines, US guidelines were the best in dehydration diagnosis (112 individuals out of 127).
Conclusions: Although urinary markers and physical indexes (SBP and HR) could not be used to determine hydration status, BIA measurements, especially ECW, have the potential to detect dehydration. In addition, daily fluid intakes are still practical for assessment of hydration status.
Anemia and Underweight among Married Women in Yemen; Evidence from Yemen Demographic Health Survey (YDHS-2013)
Authors: Ahmad Malik Manzoor , Dahiru Tukur
Published: July 2023

Background: Women in conflict are vulnerable to health and nutrition risks. Anemia and underweight are the common risks faced by women particularly in war torn countries. Yemen is one of the most affected places that has a fragile public health system due to the conflict. Increasing conflict has put women’s health and wellbeing at risk and has severely affected their nutritional development. Therefore, this study aims to examine the association between underweight and anemia with different risk factors among married women in Yemen.
Methods: This study used the data from Yemen demographic health survey-2013 (YDHS-2013) of married women aged 15-59 year. Bivariate and multivariate logistic models were used to study the association between anemia and underweight with various socio-economic and maternal health risk factors.
Results: A positive and significant association of socio-economic and maternal health risk factors was found with anemia and underweight.  Women belonging to more prosperous groups had the lowest odds of underweight [OR=0.30, P<0.001)] and anemia [OR=0.61, P<0.001). The study also examined some key risk factors like breast feeding, iron supplements and contraceptive use among women and found a positive and significant association of these risk factors with underweight and anemia.
Conclusions: Nutritional challenges have to be addressed especially in the country like Yemen. The results clearly indicate that women in Yemen are facing acute nutritional risks of underweight and anemia. Therefore, policy interventions are required to address their nutritional needs and also empower them economically to minimize these nutritional risks. Moreover, nutrition related interventions are required to attain the targets for sustainable development goals in Yemen.
Long-term Effect of an Excess-Weight-Reduction Intervention among Iranian School Children: A 13-month Follow-up of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Amini Maryam , Djazayery Abolghassem , Majdzadeh Reza , Karimi Mehrdad
Published: July 2023

Background: Childhood obesity and overweight have become major public health problems worldwide. To combat this problem, effective, sustainable, and consistent strategies are needed. In this study, the long-term effect of a school-based intervention for weight reduction was evaluated in primary school students in Tehran, Iran.
Methods: This was a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted in 12 primary schools in a low- to middle-class district in Tehran, Iran. The participants were 334 overweight or obese primary school students (girls =164) based on World Health Organization standards, equally distributed in the intervention (n=167) and comparison (n=167) groups. It was a multi-component intervention and included nutrition education and increased physical activity (PA), a lifestyle modification program for parents, and changing the food items sold in canteens of the schools. Body mass index Z-score [BMI-Z] was determined as the primary outcome and measured at baseline, three months after baseline, at post-test (after 18 weeks), and follow-up (13-month). In total, 205 students (59.5%) completed the follow-up. Analyses were carried out based on the intention-to-treat principle using linear mixed models.
Results: After 13 months, the BMI Z-score decreased in both intervention and comparison groups. However, the change was more significantly observed in the intervention group (adjusted change: 0.098, 95% CI: (0.03-0.16) compared with comparison group (P=0.003(. The intervention had a more significant effect on BMI Z-score among girls (adjusted change: 0.36, 95% CI: (0.27-0.45) compared with the comparison group (P<0.001)( than among boys (adjusted change: -0.14, 95% CI: (-0.23- -0.05) compared with the comparison group (P=0.002).
Conclusion: The intervention was an effective way to reduce BMI in the girls and the effect lasted for a relatively long time.
Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Performance, Total Content of Polyphenols, Antioxidant Capacity, Bioactive Compounds of Guavijú Fruits (Eugenia Pungens), and Their Potential Health Benefits
Authors: Miranda Eliana R Meza , Samudio Antonio , Ferreira Francisco , Gómez Rafael , Rojas Belén , Fernández Fátima , Burgos Rodrigo , Cardozo Gabriela , Ayala José , Carvajal Ana Pérez , Priego Capote Feliciano
Published: July 2023

Background: Autochthonous fruits such as Guavijú have beneficial health properties through their bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. This study aims to evaluate nutritional composition, phytochemical performance, total content of polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and bioactive compounds of Guavijú (Eugenia pungens) fruits.
Methods: Macronutrients were analyzed using Anthrona method for carbohydrates, Kjeldahl method for proteins, and Soxhlet method for total fat. Phytochemical screening was performed to detect phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids, as well as leukoanthocyanidins and quinones. The total content of polyphenols was obtained using Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant capacity was determined by ORAC method, and the identification of bioactive compounds was carried out through LC-QqQ MS/MS.
Results: Macronutrients were found in proportions of 33.4%, 5.5%, and 4.5% for carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols and triperthenoids. The total polyphenol content was 46.6 mg/g. Antioxidant capacity was 11394±705 μmol/100 g.
Conclusions: The identified bioactive compounds were cyanidin, delphinidin, enotein B, quercetin, and myricitrin. The results revealed that beneficial health properties due to the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity, which constitutes a food, can prevent diseases.
Comparison of the Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet with a Low-Fat Diet on Anthropometric Indices and Body Fat Percentage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Darand Mina , Hassanizadeh Shirin , Talebi Sepide , Darabi Zahra , Bagherniya Mohammad , Yaghoubi Fatemeh , Alizadeh Shahab , Darand Zeinab , Azamian Yasaman , Abdollahzad Hadi
Published: July 2023

Background: Although many studies have been conducted to compare the effect of adherence to a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) with a low-fat diet (LFD) on anthropometric indices and body fat percentage, there is still no definite conclusion in this regard. Therefore, the present study aims to summarize results of studies comparing a LFD and a LCD on weight loss.
Methods: A systematic search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochran Library was performed up to November 2020. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of adherence to a LCD with a LFD on anthropometric indices and body fat percentage were included. Search results were limited to English-language publications. Sixty-three RCTs, including 7660 participants, were selected for the present study.
Results: Pooled analysis indicated that adherence to LCD was significantly associated with a greater reduction in BMI (SMD = - 0.07, 95% CI: -0.14,-0.001; P = 0.04), weight (kg) (SMD = - 0.22, 95% CI: - 0.31, - 0.12; P ≤ 0.001), and percentage of body fat mass (SMD = - 0.28, 95% CI: -0.48, - 0.08; P = 0.006) compared to LFD. However, no significant difference in changes of kilogram of body fat mass and waist circumference was observed between the two diet programs.
Conclusion: Overall, adhering to LCD was more effective than LFD in losing weight and body fat percentage.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Endophthalmitis Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: H Fortes Blake , D Tailor Prashant , T Xu Timothy , A Churchill Robert , R Starr Matthew
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and visual acuity outcomes of patients who presented with endophthalmitis prior to and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective case series with historical controls included consecutive patients presenting with any form of endophthalmitis from March 1, 2019 to September 1, 2019 (pre-COVID-19) and from March 1, 2020 to September 1, 2020 (COVID-19) at Mayo Clinic Rochester (MCR), Health System (MCHS), Arizona (MCA), and Florida (MCF) sites. Cases were divided into “pre-COVID-19” versus “COVID-19” groups depending on when they first presented with endophthalmitis.
Results: Twenty-eight cases of endophthalmitis presented to all Mayo Clinic sites during the study period. Of these, 10 patients presented during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the same six-month period the year prior, 18 patients presented with endophthalmitis. Endophthalmitis etiology (post-injection, post-cataract extraction, post[1]glaucoma filtering surgery, post-pars plana vitrectomy, endogenous, and others) was similar between both groups (P = 0.34), as was post-injection endophthalmitis rate (P = 0.69), days to presentation (P = 0.07), initial management (P = 0.11), culture-positivity rate (P = 0.70), and need for subsequent pars plana vitrectomy (P = 1). Visual acuity outcomes were similar between both groups at six months, however, the mean LogMAR visual acuity at presentation was worse in the COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (2.44 vs 1.82; P = 0.026).
 
Conclusion: Clinical characteristics and the post-injection endophthalmitis rate were similar during both periods, however, patients presented with worse vision during the pandemic suggesting that the pandemic may have contributed to delayed presentation, regardless, outcomes are still poor.
Counterpoint: Power in the Dining Hall
Authors: Collins Sophie G.
Published: July 2023

Counterpoint:  Power in the Dining Hall is a poem by Sophie Collins. Written as an echo and response to Al Zolynas' emotive poem Love in the Classroom, the poet describes the sudden, bodily intrusion of material smells in the atmosphere of a training session. This poem evokes school day memories , the physicality of learning, and the overwhelming frustration of teaching within neo-liberal educational constraints.
Yin and Yang
Authors: Hardy Penny
Published: July 2023

Image of a sculpture by Penny Hardy entitled Yin and Yang (2013) illustrating our different selves.
New Materialism in Tertiary Education: A Posthumanistic International Education Course
Authors: Kanaki Argyro
Published: July 2023

This article outlines a new materialist pedagogy designed for an International Education course. In the first part of the article, a description of the course is presented together with its new materialist aims. In the second part of the article, the author provides examples of students’ summative projects. In these examples, student work materially situates and shows the development of their carefully constructed learning paths in becoming different teachers. The course addresses translanguaging, examines language in educational settings, and discusses language ecology and citizenship side by side with intercultural awareness as innovative pedagogies. The article suggests that new directions for pedagogical practice might be advanced by new materialism.
Affirmative Ethics in the COVID-19 Moment: Perplexities, Paradoxes, and Surprises
Authors: Charteris Jennifer , Nye Adele , Pillay Daisy , Foulkes Ruth
Published: July 2023

Posthumanism locates, progresses, and asserts knowledge in the openings for interconnection. In this article, we undertake a collective biography using an interconnected arts-based practice that affords us complex relations with each other and material ways of thinking and being together. With a shared interest in posthuman theory and memory work, the authors connected online from Aotearoa/New Zealand, Australia, and South Africa to address the question: What can we learn about the perplexities, paradoxes, surprises, and frustrations associated with our academic work during COVID-19? Using an arts-based methodology and a cartographic analytical approach for our critical posthuman research, our assemblage charted the power relations operating in and immanent to the construction and circulation of academic knowledge during COVID-19.
The Unheard Voices, the Unheard Struggle: Una fuerza poderosa que lucha por expresarse
Authors: Mendoza Reis Noni , Quintanar-Sarellana Rosalinda , Lee Enid , DePass Cecille
Published: July 2023

Call for Submissions for the Winter 2025 (Volume 16, No. 2) Special Issue of Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry entitled The Unheard Voices, the Unheard Struggle: Una fuerza poderosa que lucha por expresarse with Guest Co-Editors Noni Mendoza Reis, Rosalina Quintanar-Sarellana, Enid Lee and Cecille DePass.
A Different Kind of Ethnography: Imaginative Practices and Creative Methodologies
Authors: Jaxen Scarlet
Published: July 2023

Book Review by Scarlet Jaxen from  the Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary on the 2017 publication,  "A Different Kind of Ethnography: Imaginative Practices and Creative Methodologies" edited by Elliot, D., Culhane, D.