bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Molecular Throughput and Efficiency through Simulation in Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication
Authors:   Thakur College of Engineering and Technology, Kandivali (East), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Katkar Ashwini , Dongre Vinitkumar Jayaprakash
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study investigates the correlation of critical factors influencing throughput and efficiency in diffusion-based molecular communication systems. Method: The study presents a simulation model for 3-D diffusion-based molecular communication, incorporating essential parameters such as molecule size, transmission rate, diffusion rate, and transmitter-receiver distance. Findings: Through comprehensive simulations, the study reveals the effects of different parameters on throughput and efficiency in diffusion-based molecular communication. It highlights the critical trade-offs associated with system design and optimization. The study reveals the key factors influencing the transmission capabilities, the receiver congestion, and the overall efficiency of the communication system. Novelty: In this study, we give a study overview of the latest work of performance metrics in the field of molecular communication. A novel algorithm is proposed to find the throughput and efficiency of molecular communication. The proposed framework analyzes the intricate relationship between system parameters and performance metrics, emphasizing the potential for system optimization. Our simulation work demonstrates how the model parameters influence the performance of the molecular communication system, providing insights for enhancing the system's performance in applications such as targeted drug delivery in the future. Keywords: Molecular Communication, Diffusion, Transmission Rate, Throughput, Efficiency
XENOLOGY OF THE FEMININE: UKRAINIAN WOMEN IN PERCEPTIONS OF CHINESE YOUTH
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Kyiv, Ukraine, STREBKOVA Julia , ZHAN Nа ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2024

The article represents results of a socio-philosophical study of the ideas of educated Chinese youth about modern Ukrainian women. The survey had been carried out on Summer 2023 during a full-scale Russian war against Ukraine. At the same time, we proceeded from the standpoint of the current state of Ukrainian-Chinese relations and the least possible politicization of the survey. The study involved an analysis of associations and was an in-depth loosely coupled interview with a orientative set of questions. The guide-interview was written in Ukrainian and English, with subsequent translation into Chinese. It is important for research that the interviewer was a woman. The interview was conducted by the Chinese co-author of this article under usual conditions. The answers were translated into Ukrainian. Direct translation of some answers was quite difficult, so clarifications and explanations were made in English. The research is socio-philosophical and does not fully correspond to sociological canons. The sources of the formation of these ideas were also investigated. In particular, coverage of the status of Ukrainian women during the Russian war in the Chinese segment of the Internet in English and Chinese. The article demonstrates how the publications available on the sites outline ideas about modern women and then broadcasted by young people in the form of concepts, lines of thought, contexts and accents. By definition of xenology the author means the direction of socio-philosophical searches aimed at understanding the "outlying", "other" and "different". In the course of the research, it was found that the characteristics of Ukrainian women do not contain signs of "alien" or "enemy". It has been demonstrated that the socio-cultural space of Chinese youth is permeated with various stereotypes, among which gender stereotypes occupy a leading place. The need for further research into an important problem for Chinese youth – surrogate motherhood – had been well-founded. It had been noted that the study of stereotypes requires a methodology that uses intersectionality and is based on an interdisciplinary approach. The study had confirmed that socio-philosophical analysis based on an intersectional approach can serve the interdisciplinary transfer of experimental data in gender studies.
Technique for Producing Metal Oxide Thin-Film Transistors at Low Temperatures
Authors: Nagarajan Krishnamurthy Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research presents a novel method for manufacturing metal oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) at low temperatures. The method involves coupling a metal-oxide film semiconductor to a thin film grid dielectric layer. By carefully controlling the combustion of a fuel-oxidant mixture, the desired metal-oxide film semiconductor is formed at temperatures below 350°C. This approach offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for producing high-performance TFTs on flexible plastic substrates.
Constructing a Single-Motor Hybrid Driving Mechanism for Completely Hybrid Electric Cars
Authors: S.Vivek Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research focuses on the design and development of a single-motor hybrid driving device for full hybrid electric vehicles. The device integrates an internal combustion engine, an electric motor/generator, and a power conversion device. The power conversion device incorporates a planetary gear mechanism and a stepless speed change mechanism, providing efficient power transfer between the engine, motor/generator, and the vehicle's drivetrain. The objective is to create a versatile hybrid system that meets the requirements of fuel economy and dynamic performance, particularly suitable for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
Formulation and Enhancement of an Innovative Plug-in Parallel Hybrid Power System
Authors: Sai Krishnan Ganesh Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research focuses on the development of a novel plug-in parallel hybrid power system that integrates multiple power drive devices and incorporates various driving and braking modes. The system includes a power battery system, two drive motor systems, an engine, a clutch, and a transmission. The objective of this study is to enhance the power performance, efficiency, and fuel economy of the vehicle by optimizing the power drive modes and brake energy recycling. The proposed hybrid power system offers seven power driving modes and three brake energy recycling modes, enabling improved vehicle performance and energy efficiency. The engine operates solely for vehicle propulsion, eliminating energy losses during power generation. The research aims to analyze and optimize the system's performance under different operating conditions.
Building a Database System for Electronic Medical Records to Ensure Efficient Data Management and Interpretation
Authors: M.P.Revathi Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research presents the design and implementation of an e-database system of medical records. The system comprises various modules, including data entry, user login, data storage, data management, and query analysis. The data entry module enables the input of electronic medical record data, while the user login module provides secure access and identity authentication. The data storage module stores the medical records and user information, and the data management module handles data manipulation and user authorization. The query analysis module allows users to search and analyze medical records based on specified criteria. This system aims to enhance the management and analysis of electronic medical records, providing medical professionals with valuable insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Deep Learning and Limited Boltzmann Machines for Speaker Recognition
Authors: P.Mathiyalagan Et al.
Published: February 2024

Speaker recognition has become an essential aspect of modern voice-based systems such as security and authentication applications. In this research, we propose a new method for speaker recognition based on deep learning and limited Boltzmann machines. The method comprises preemphasis and overlapping type framing, endpoint detection, feature extraction, and training of a depth belief network pattern using a limited Boltzmann machine layer. The Softmax graders are added in the top layer of the pattern, and the speaker's phonetic feature is input into the pattern for training. The likelihood probability of other speakers' phonetic features is calculated, and the speaker corresponding to the maximum probability is identified as the recognized result. The results show that the proposed method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods, achieving high accuracy and robustness to noise and signal variations.
Voltage and Current Transmission Characteristics of Wireless Charging using Induction Coils
Authors: R.Kennady Et al.
Published: February 2024

Wireless charging technologies have gained significant attention in recent years as an efficient and convenient method for powering various electronic devices. Induction coils play a crucial role in wireless charging systems by facilitating the transfer of energy between the charger and the device being charged. This research paper aims to investigate the voltage and current characteristics of transmission in wireless charging systems utilizing induction coils. The study includes a detailed analysis of the factors influencing voltage and current, such as coil design, distance between coils, and charging efficiency. Experimental data will be collected and analyzed to understand the relationship between voltage, current, and transmission efficiency. The findings of this research will contribute to enhancing the performance and effectiveness of wireless charging technologies.
Abrasion Analysis and CAE Simulation's Importance in Ultra-High Strength Steel Plate Die Wear Research
Authors: R.Kennady Et al.
Published: February 2024

The production of vehicles with low oil consumption and low emissions has become an inevitable choice for the development of the automobile industry, aiming to achieve energy-saving and emission-reduction goals. Super-high strength steel, known for its high strength and lightweight properties, is widely used in critical components such as car body structural members and safety reinforcements to meet the requirements of energy-saving and emission-reduction. However, die wear is a common failure in the manufacturing process, and it significantly affects the shape, size, and surface quality of the stamped workpieces. The study of die wear, specifically in the context of super-high strength steel, is of paramount importance.
ZigBee-Based Self-Service Charging Framework for Plug-in Electric Vehicles
Authors: R.Kennady Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research presents a self-service charging structure for plug-in type electric vehicles, which includes multiple charging stations, a data service centre, and a mobile communication service centre. Each charging station is equipped with ZigBee networking devices, a charging station computer monitoring centre, and several chargers. The ZigBee networking equipment establishes a wi-fi connection with a ZigBee terminal node device in the electric vehicle. Each charger comprises a charger information management unit, an IC magnetic card identification device, a touch screen, a printer, and a charging device. The proposed self-service charging structure overcomes the issues of unstable electrical connection and high networking complexity associated with both wired and wi-fi communication procedures. It enables user-friendly, safe, auto, and intelligent charging processes without the need for manual intervention. Additionally, the structure supports multiple charging service modes. The research also presents a self-service charging procedure for plug-in type electric vehicles.
Using Attack Path Formalisation Analysis in Software Design Stage Threat Modelling Method
Authors: O.Pandithurai Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research proposes a comprehensive method for threat modeling in the software design stage, incorporating attack path formalization analysis. The approach involves extracting software defect information through UML active graph decomposition of the application or system and performing threat modeling. The method comprises several steps, including creating and modeling use cases, generating an application/system silhouette, decomposing the application/system using the active graph, constructing a threat tree with key asset information as the threat object, classifying and evaluating the threat object, and calculating the attack path of the threat tree. By comparing it with existing approaches, this invention aims to enhance software product safety, improve software quality, broaden the application range of threat modeling, and achieve automation in threat modeling, resulting in reduced technical threshold, cost, and development time for trusted software development.
Field Stop (FS) Type IGBT Transient Temperature Characteristics: E-Thermal Simulation Approach
Authors: Chandra Kumar E Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research presents an electro-thermal simulation method for analyzing the transient temperature characteristics of Field Stop (FS) type Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). The method combines IGBT working principles and semiconductor physical principles to investigate the influence of internal excess carrier lifetime on the IGBT's transient temperature behavior. By conducting actual tests on an FS type IGBT switching transient working process, the research establishes an electro-thermal simulation method with improved accuracy and simplified parameter calculation.
Neural Network-Based Multiplicatively Gait Feature Eradication and Detection
Authors: S.Sureshkumar Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research proposes an innovative method based on machine learnings for extracting and identifying gait features from multiple sources. The method aims to enhance the accuracy of gait identification by minimizing interferences caused by complex backgrounds and shelters, thereby capturing more precise information that reflects the walking characteristics of moving individuals. The technical approach involves the acquisition of gait data using a video recorder and a pyroelectric IR sensor. The image source information obtained from the video recorder is utilized to extract skeleton feature variables and Radon difference peak characteristic variables. In addition, the pyroelectric IR source information is transformed from a voltage signal to frequency domain characteristic variables. These variables are then merged after undergoing dimension reduction and signal processing. Finally, a backpropagation neural network is employed as the classifier to perform classified identification based on the merged characteristics, and the identification accuracy is evaluated. The primary application of this method is in the field of identification.
Precise Interferometry System for Dynamic Measurements Employing Phase Modulation Style Spatial Light Modulator
Authors: O.Pandithurai Et al.
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an interferometry system that incorporates a phase modulation type spatial light modulator (SLM) to enable high-precision dynamic measurement. The system includes a unit for generating mutually orthogonal linearly polarized reference and testing lights, a phase modulation type SLM, an interferometer, and a light detector. The SLM, consisting of multiple pixels with specific phase distributions, modifies the spatial phase distribution of the light waves. The interferometer utilizes modulated and unmodulated lights to perform interferometry, producing coherent light that is then detected by the light detector. Furthermore, the pixels of the SLM correspond to the pixels of the light detector, ensuring accurate measurement. This system facilitates measurement across multiple spatial carriers and enables high-precision dynamic measurement. Additionally, the paper introduces a spatial phase-shifting unit and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator phase-correcting unit.
Cloud-Based Integrated Cross-Platform Regional Medical Image Cooperative Storage System
Authors: Vidya S Et al.
Published: February 2024

With the increasing volume of medical image data, efficient storage and retrieval of these images have become critical in the healthcare industry. This paper proposes an integrated cross-platform regional medical image cooperative storage system based on cloud computing. The system comprises a storage layer, a basic management layer, an application interface layer, and an access layer. The storage layer consists of medical image storage devices and a storage device management system. The basic management layer facilitates the collaborative operation of multiple storage devices within the medical image cloud storage. The application interface layer assigns permissions to users based on their needs. The access layer allows users to access the medical image cloud storage system. This system aims to provide a cost-effective, high-availability solution for storing and accessing a large volume of medical images. The research objective is to realize rapid storage and retrieval of medical images, satisfying the needs of healthcare professionals. The findings demonstrate the practical significance of the system and its potential to enhance medical image management.
The Emergence of Smart Sensor Homes is Revolutionising Residential Living
Authors: R.Kennady Et al.
Published: February 2024

Smart sensor homes, also known as smart homes or connected homes, are residential properties equipped with advanced sensor technologies, connectivity, and automation systems that enable homeowners to control and monitor various aspects of their homes remotely. These homes offer a wide range of benefits, including convenience, energy efficiency, enhanced security, personalized comfort, and remote monitoring capabilities. By leveraging sensors, connectivity, and intelligent systems, smart sensor homes optimize energy consumption, provide real-time information, and enable seamless integration of devices and services within the home. This introductory abstract provides an overview of the concept of smart sensor homes and highlights the key advantages they offer to homeowners. The future prospects of smart sensor homes, including technological advancements and integration with smart city initiatives, are also discussed. However, it is crucial to address security and privacy concerns associated with these homes to ensure the protection of personal information. As smart sensor homes become increasingly prevalent, promoting user education and awareness of best security practices will be vital to maximize benefits and mitigate risks. Overall, smart sensor homes have the potential to transform residential living, providing a more connected, efficient, and sustainable living environment.
Optimising Solar Energy Integration for Efficient Electric Vehicle Charging via Intelligent Shading Charging Systems
Authors: R.Kennady Et al.
Published: February 2024

Intelligent shading charging systems combine the benefits of solar energy generation, efficient electric vehicle charging, and smart control mechanisms to create a sustainable and optimized charging infrastructure. These systems integrate solar panels with advanced shading mechanisms, control algorithms, and sensor technologies to dynamically adjust the shading patterns and maximize solar energy generation while providing shade to parked vehicles. By leveraging real-time data and intelligent control algorithms, these systems ensure efficient energy utilization, grid integration, and a seamless charging experience for electric vehicle owners.  Intelligent shading charging systems offer numerous advantages, including reduced carbon emissions, enhanced utilization of renewable energy, and improved grid stability. They can be deployed in various settings, including parking facilities, residential areas, commercial complexes, and public spaces. As technology advances and costs decrease, the future prospects of these systems hold promise, with potential integration with vehicle-to-grid systems, smart city initiatives, and increased scalability. Intelligent shading charging systems are poised to play a vital role in shaping a sustainable and cleaner future for transportation and energy ecosystems.
Improving the User Experience with Intelligent and Adaptive Rental Procedures: Internet of Things-Based Vehicle Leasing Solution
Authors: P.Mathiyalagan Et al.
Published: February 2024

This research focuses on the development of an automobile leasing method based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed method leverages IoT technologies to streamline the car rental process, ensuring efficient and user-friendly experiences. The method involves steps such as identity verification, behavioral data analysis, geographical location tracking, quick response code generation, authentication of vehicle identification, and fault management. By integrating user and vehicle authentication, this method offers adaptive, intelligent, and automated rental processes, resulting in simplified procedures, time and energy savings, and an enhanced user experience.
Use of chipping technology and DNA identification in identifying a minor: a review
Authors: Doszhanova Aitolkyn B. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Kurmangali Zhanar K. , Imashev Berik M.
Published: February 2024

This study examines the possibility of using juvenile offender identification technologies such as chipping and DNA identification. Chipping requires finding a balance between security and respect for the child’s privacy. The use of newer genetic technologies is promising. The creation of a DNA database contributes to the improvement of law enforcement agencies, especially by increasing the possibility of criminal identification. However, the collection of genetic material from minors is challenging for several reasons, which requires ways to overcome them.
To study the problems and prospects of the use of information and communication technologies in the identification of juvenile offenders in Kazakhstan, a comparative legal analysis is used, which allows to identify the possibility of using chipping and genomic identification. Currently, the Kazakhstani society rejects the possibility of chipping people, much less children. Therefore, it is crucial to consider all aspects and carefully analyze possible consequences before deciding on this technology.
Presently, the activity of law enforcement agencies of the republic is unthinkable without the use of information technologies. To improve this process, new modern systems of personal identification and a database of biometric parameters should be developed. The main obstacle of chipping in minors in any of its variants (implanting a chip under the skin or sewing it into school uniforms) is legislative regulation and ethical barriers, whereas the unique biometric technology — DNA identification — has several advantages in establishing the identity of citizens, including minors. In this regard, there is a need for a unified legislative regulation of state biometric registration.
The comparative analysis of technologies showed that DNA identification is a more promising and regulated procedure at this stage. Thus, possible directions for the use of this method in the course of establishing the identity of a minor are described.
On the issue of ensuring the protection of personal data by chipping: a review
Authors: Amirov Almas M. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Baimakhanov Artur A. , Bakhteev Dmitry V.
Published: February 2024

This article presents the results of research regarding the chipping of certain types of persons.
The authors aimed to determine the effectiveness of this mechanism for protecting personal data, as an examination tool, and for medical purposes.
The norms of the legislation of Kazakhstan and foreign countries concerning chipping, scientific publications on the subject, and the conduct of expert examinations were studied. Studies in which the problems of computer-technical examinations and successful application of the newest technologies in medicine and forensic medical examinations were singled out. Notably, there are no holistic studies concerning the possibility of chipping citizens or the application of this technology in various aspects, including forensic examinations.
According to research results, generalization of scientists’ works, and analysis of legislation, chipping of individual citizens was proposed. In this study, SWOT analysis of the issues related to the chipping of certain types of persons for the protection of personal data and for other purposes was performed. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the implementation of this technology were considered.
Based on the analysis and research of the legislation, chipping of law enforcement officers, civil servants, employees of organizations that have access to state databases of personal data, and employees of organizations that are the owner or operator of non-state databases has been proposed. The proposed mechanism has several advantages and may increase security, reduce unauthorized access to information, and minimize the probable unlawful manifestations in relation to personal data and data with limited access.
Use of an underwater drone during the study of drowned bodies: a review
Authors: Zhantureyev Zhandos Z. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Aubakirova Anna A. , Bertleuov Saken S.
Published: February 2024

This article describes the effectiveness of an unmanned underwater vehicle (underwater drone) in searching for drowned people in reservoirs and the impact of an underwater drone on the production of forensic medical examination in drowning.
The article considers the norms of legislation that regulate the procedure for using an underwater drone in the criminalistic support of crime investigations.
This study considered the norms of legislation that regulate the use of scientific and technical means in criminology and scientific publications of researchers in the field of forensic medical examination. A SWOT analysis of the use of an underwater drone to improve the quality of crime investigation was performed. The results of the study revealed the positive and negative aspects of the use of an underwater drone in investigations.
Based on the results of generalization of scientific papers and analysis of the use of scientific and technical means in the activities of law enforcement agencies in foreign countries, the use of an underwater drone for examining corpses in water was proposed. An underwater drone can reach places inaccessible to humans and help identify key details of the crime. During investigation of drowning crimes, underwater drones enables the analysis of the condition of the victim’s body without bringing it to the surface, which facilitates further investigation.
Synthesis of 2,4-Disubstituted Pyrimidines and Quinazolines to Inhabit Oncostatin M
Authors: Vuong Roger
Published: February 2024

Inflammation is an important part of the natural defense mechanism against injury and infection. This process involves the release of mediators such as cytokines, however, a dysregulated inflammatory response can lead to further tissue damage. The oncostatin M (OSM) cytokine was shown to upregulate inflammatory signaling pathways and contribute to diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cystic fibrosis, and various cancers. Therefore, OSM is an attractive therapeutic target, however, there are no reported small molecules to attenuate its signaling. This research aims to design and synthesize small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) to disrupt OSM-induced cell signaling. A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) contour map was developed to ascertain structural features important for the SMIs binding to OSM, and next-generation SMI-27 compounds were designed and computationally docked at site III of OSM to predict their binding energies. After synthesis, the binding affinity, as measured by dissociation constants (KD), of each SMI to OSM was measured using fluorescence quenching assays. It was found that SMI-27F1 had moderate binding with a KD of 25 ± 3 μM and several other SMIs had dissociation constants in the mid-micromolar range. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to determine the inhibition of OSM signaling by measuring relative levels of OSM-induced expression of pSTAT3. Several of the SMIs including SMI-27E6, inhibited OSM signaling and showed reduced levels of pSTAT3. The inhibitory activity of SMI-27E6 demonstrates that a 3D-QSAR model offers a valid approach to designing SMIs since this analog has a carboxyl group that extends further into the site III hydrophobic pocket. This structural change resulted in greater inhibition of OSM signaling, in contrast to SMI-27E5 which lacked this moiety and displayed poorer inhibition. This research adds to the catalog of methods for the rational design of SMIs that could lead to developing a drug for the treatment of OSM-related diseases.
The association between complementary and alternative medicine use with breast cancer recurrence in Taif city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnefaie Sahar M. , Asiri Yousif A. , Alqahtani Razan S. , Alshareef Maha O. , Alzahrani Khalid M. , Albogami Sarah M.
Published: February 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Among all types of cancer, 11.7% of cases diagnosed in 2020 were BC. Compare this to Saudi Arabia, where 28.8 out of every 100,000 women were diagnosed with BC. Furthermore, BC patients are more likely than other cancer survivors to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Study aimed to investigate association between CAM use and BC recurrence rates in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 106 participants recruited from breast surgery clinics. Targeted women were diagnosed with BC and treated at Al Hada armed forces hospital. The data were collected by interviewing the patients using a validated questionnaire.
Results: The prevalence of CAM usage among BC patients was 35.8%. The recurrence rate of BC was 26.4%. CAM users accounted for 28.57% of the total, while non-CAM users comprised 71.43%. In addition, 50% of recurrences were distant metastases, and 50% occurred more than two years after diagnosis. 
Conclusions: In conclusion, more than one-third of BC patients in this region incorporate CAM into their treatment regimen. Our findings reveal a practical but not statistical significance of a lower recurrence rate of BC among CAM users compared to non-CAM. These results emphasize the importance of healthcare providers engaging in detailed discussions with BC patients regarding CAM usage in conjunction with planned medical and surgical therapies.
Evaluación regional de flujo de materiales: residuos sólidos municipales para América Latina y el Caribe EVAL 2023
Authors: Alarcón Montero Pablo Andrés , Acosta Acevedo Salvador , Correal Magda , Piamonte Carolina , Rihm Alfredo , Breukers Linda , Durón Lourdes , González Guillermo , Hernández López Carlos , Sagasti Carlos , Rojas Gutiérrez Arcelia
Published: February 2024

La trayectoria a nivel global de la gestión de residuos sólidos municipales permite vislumbrar que este sector se convierta en una actividad profundamente basada en la información y los datos. A la vez, es un sector fundamental para la descarbonización, la circularidad y la recuperación de productos, recursos y energía. En respuesta a estos retos, el Hub de residuos sólidos y economía circular (https://hubresiduoscirculares.org/) para América Latina y el Caribe nace como un sistema regional de consulta pública con datos abiertos y estadísticas de la gestión del flujo de los materiales, residuos sólidos y la economía circular. Derivado de la información recopilada en el Hub, esta publicación contiene la evaluación regional de flujo de materiales: residuos sólidos municipales EVAL 2023, que abarca 14 indicadores de gestión para caracterizar el estado del sector en la región desde las perspectivas de disponibilidad de datos, oferta y utilización de materiales, emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero generadas en el sector de residuos y avances en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible 11.6 y 12.5. Si se desea conocer el estado de la gestión de residuos sólidos municipales en los países y la región, esta es la nota técnica base de consulta.
An algorithm of unordered wavefront propagation in terahertz phase retrieval with dense multiplane data acquisition
Authors:   ITMO University, Tsiplakova E.G. , Chopard A. ,   IMS Laboratory, University of Bordeaux,   Lytid SAS, Balbekin N.S. ,   ITMO University, Smolyanskaya O.A. ,   ITMO University, Perraud J.-B. ,   Optikan SAS, Guillet J.-P. ,   IMS Laboratory, Mounaix P. ,   IMS Laboratory, Petrov N.V. ,   ITMO University
Published: February 2024

Iterative phase retrieval algorithms from multiple diffraction patterns in the terahertz (THz) frequency range are a promising tool of computational imaging capable of providing high spatial resolution of reconstructed phase images. One of the commonly used algorithms is SBMIR, which employs multiple intensity distributions of the diffraction object wavefield as input data. Compared with single-frame methods, the multi-plane approach allows for a faster convergence, but requires time-consuming data acquisition from a receiver positioned at a variety of distances from the object. Previously, we proposed a method for THz data acquisition in a single scan mode, which allows one to quickly obtain an exhaustive set of diffraction distributions. In this paper we evaluate an up-to-date phase retrieval algorithm based on the SBMIR/R-SBMIR method (which utilizes stochastic wavefront propagation) on the experimental data captured by a single-scan technique. Unlike a number of conventional phase retrieval algorithms, which may require a series of numerical experiments for determining optimal intensity distributions from a large dataset, disordered propagation of the estimation wavefront guarantees the high-contrast and high-resolution image reconstruction without pre-setting the parameters. It is shown that the package use of the single-scan technique with the subsequent data processing using the R-SBMIR algorithm has application potential for automation of the multi-plane phase retrieval in the THz range.
Neural network for step anomaly detection in head motion during fMRI using meta-learning adaptation
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Davydov N.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Evdokimova V.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Serafimovich P.G. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Protsenko V.I. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Khramov A.G. ,   Samara National Research University, Nikonorov A.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2024

Quality assessment and artifact detection in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data is essential for clinical applications and brain research. Subject head motion remains the main source of artifacts - even the tiniest head movement can perturb the structural and functional data derived from the fMRI. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end neural network technology for detecting step anomalies with training on partially synthetic data with adaptation to a specific small set of real data. A procedure for generating a synthetic dataset for training and a module for automated labeling of real data is developed. A recurrent neural network model for detecting step anomalies is proposed. A method for the model adaptation to a small set of real data based on one-step meta-learning is developed. An experimental verification of the accuracy is carried out in the problem of detecting step anomalies using a sliding window of 10, 15, and 24 pixels. The experiments have shown the proposed technology to provide the detection of stepwise anomalies with an accuracy of 0.9546.
Spin angular momentum at the sharp focus of a cylindrical vector vortex beam
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Kotlyar V.V. ,   Samara National Research University, Stafeev S.S. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Telegin A.M. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2024

Sharp focusing of a light field with double (phase and polarization) singularity is studied. Using the Richards-Wolf method, an exact analytical expression for the longitudinal projection of the spin angular momentum (SAM) vector at the focus is obtained. The expression derived suggests that 4 (n –1) subwavelength regions are formed at the focus, where n is the cylindrical vector beam order, with their centers located on a certain circle centered on the optical axis. Notably, the SAM projections are found to have the opposite sign in the neighboring regions. This means that in the neighboring focal regions, the light has alternating left or right elliptical polarization (manifestation of a spin Hall effect). At the center of the focal spot near the optical axis, the field is right-handed elliptically polarized at m > 0, or left-handed elliptically polarized at m < 0, where m is the vortex charge. The total longitudinal spin, i.e., the longitudinal SAM component averaged over the beam-cross section, is zero and preserved upon focusing. Due to the beam containing an optical vortex with charge m, the transverse energy flow rotates on a spiral path near the focal plane, rotating on a circle in the focal plane. The rotation direction near the optical axis is counterclockwise for m > 0, and clockwise for m < 0.
Fluorimetric Determination of Rutin, Based on the Complexation with Eu (III) in Micellar Solutions of Surfactants
Authors:   Saratov State University, Smirnova T. D. , Paraschenko I. Y. ,   Saratov State University
Published: February 2024

The quenching of fluorescence of europium chelate (111) with tenoiltrif- toratseton solubilized in the micelles of Bridge-35 with rutin is studied. The possibility of a direct fluorimetric determination of bioantioxidants in the drug «Ascorutin» with a detection limit of 2.9 10 M is shown.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Sublingual Varices and Hypertension
Authors: Jamali Zahra , Katebi Katayoun , Alibabaei Hamed , Jamei Khosroshahi Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Sublingual varices are characterized by abnormally dilated veins. Some systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease have been suggested to be associated with sublingual varices. Due to the convenience in examining the sublingual area, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between sublingual varices and hypertension.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 500 patients were categorized into two groups: those with sublingual varices and those without. Two oral medicine specialists assessed the lesions, and the blood pressure of all patients was measured while they were in a relaxed sitting position. Age and gender data were recorded for all participants. Statistical analysis included t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression, with significance set at P<0.05.
Results: The frequency of sublingual varices was 21.8%. Mean systolic blood pressure was 139.68±19.01mmHg in patients with sublingual varices and 118.09±13.78mmHg in patients without the lesions (P=0.561). Mean diastolic blood pressure was 100.45±17.81mmHg and 80.31±12.08mmHg in patients with and without sublingual varices, respectively (P<0.001). Smoking was significantly more prevalent among patients who had the lesions (P<0.05). Gender (P=0.686) and age (P=0.875) showed no significant relationship with sublingual varices, while smoking and blood pressure levels were significantly associated with these varices (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It is advisable to monitor and manage blood pressure in patients with sublingual varices who may not be aware of their blood pressure status. Our results showed that smoking could be one of the predictive factors for sublingual varices.
Evaluation of antibody titers in COVID-19 patients with cerebral or pulmonary symptoms and mild symptoms
Authors: Joudaki Nazanin , Ghafouri Samireh , Bavarsad Kowsar , Farhadi Farbod , Nasab Marzieh Abbasi , Afzalzadeh Sara , Moradzadegan Hamidreza , Kahyesh Roya Salehi
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to compare the production of antibodies in three different groups of patients with COVID-19. These groups included patients with pulmonary and cerebral symptoms, as well as those with mild symp- toms.
Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from 80 patients admitted to COVID-19-specific hospitals. The pa- tients had various forms of SARS-CoV-2 disease, including those with pulmonary symptoms, brain involvement, and those with positive PCR test results but mild symptoms. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to determine the levels of IgM and IgG antibody titers.
Results: The levels of IgM and IgG antibody production differed significantly between groups of patients experiencing pul- monary symptoms and cerebral symptoms, with mild symptom patients also showing differences (P=0.0068), (P=0.0487), (P<0.0001), and (P=0.0120), respectively. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between IgM antibody secre- tion and age or pulmonary involvement (P=0.1959). However, there was a direct and significant relationship between age and brain involvement (P=0.0317).
Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the risk of central nervous system involvement increases with age and that older people have lower antibody levels than younger people. Consequently, strengthening the immune systems of peo- ple over the age of 78 during this pandemic through vaccination and nutrition is very effective in reducing mortality in this age group.
Extra-intestinal salmonellosis in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Ganesan Vithiya , Ravikoti Shyamala , Sundaramurthy Raja , Raghavan Monica , Tiruvanamalai Rajendran
Published: February 2024

Background and Objectives: Extra-intestinal salmonellosis is associated with higher case fatality and is underestimated in the developing countries like India. Here we present a case series of bacteriologically proven extra-intestinal salmonellosis managed at our institute over the past two years.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of bacteriologically proven extra-intestinal salmonellosis over two years between January 2020 to December 2021 was carried out. Medical records were reviewed for site of infection, evidence of any underlying or predisposing illnesses and antimicrobial susceptibility report.
Results: Eight patients were diagnosed with extra-intestinal salmonellosis. Male to female ratio was 3:1. Mean age was 44 years. Four were typhoidal and four were nontyphoidal Salmonellae. The extra-intestinal sites involved were purulent aspi- rates from scrotum, caecum, perianal region, intraperitoneal collection, synovium, and urine. Predisposing factors include chronic myeloid leukemia, HIV and gastric malignancy. All deep seated abscess required surgical intervention. All typhoidal Salmonella (n=4) were sensitive to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, ceftriaxone. Among nontyphoidal Salmonella, one was resis- tant to cotrimoxazole; two were resistant to ampicillin, ceftriaxone and three resistant to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion: The diagnosis of extra-intestinal salmonellosis requires a high degree of clinical suspicion and should be in- cluded in the differential diagnosis in patients with deep-seated abscesses.
Economía y sociedad digitales del País Vasco. DESI 2023
Authors: Franco Susana ,   Universidad de Deusto, Wilson Ander ,   Universidad de Deusto, Wilson James ,   Universidad de Deusto
Published: February 2024

Esta edición del Informe de "Economía y Sociedad Digitales del País Vasco. DESI 2023" se ha adaptado a la nueva metodología desarrollada por la Comisión Europea en el contexto de la Década Digital, para llevar a cabo un diagnóstico que compara el desempeño del País Vasco con el de los estados miembros de la Unión Europea en un dashboard estructurado en 4 dimensiones: (i) competencias digitales; (ii) infraestructuras digitales; (iii) transformación digital de las empresas; y (iv) digitalización de los servicios públicos. Los resultados del análisis muestran que el País Vasco ha mejorado su valor en todos los indicadores, algo que refleja la situación de avance continuo en que nos encontramos con respecto a la digitalización de nuestra economía y sociedad. Sin embargo, el aumento en los indicadores es una tendencia generalizada en todos los territorios y tanto el posicionamiento del País Vasco relativo a otros, como la reciente evolución en este posicionamiento, presenta un escenario mezclado y con matices en cada una de las dimensiones.
Postępowanie dyscyplinarne wobec skazanych na karę pozbawienia wolności w perspektywie metastandardów sprawiedliwości proceduralnej
Authors: Baran-Wesołowska Beata
Published: February 2024

Artykuł przedstawia problematykę związaną z prowadzeniem postępowań dyscyplinarnych wobec skazanych na karę pozbawienia wolności w perspektywie obowiązywania metastandardów sprawiedliwości proceduralnej. Matrycę odniesienia prowadzonej analizy stanowiły metastandardy praworządności, humanitaryzmu i słuszności postępowania. Prowadzone rozważania zostały oparte o metodę dogmatyczno-prawną.
Przymusowe leczenie skazanych uzależnionych na tle regulacji art. 117 k.k.w. — zagadnienia wybrane
Authors: Szczechowicz Krystyna
Published: February 2024

Artykuł stanowi próbę przybliżenia budzących kontrowersję zagadnień związanych z przymusowym leczeniem lub rehabilitacją osób uzależnionych w warunkach izolacji penitencjarnej na tle regulacji art. 117 Kodeksu karnego wykonawczego. Rozważania uwzględniają nowelizację tego przepisu ustawą z dnia 5 sierpnia 2022 roku. Nowelizacja dostosowała przepisy do standardów konstytucyjnych, zapewniając skazanemu ochronę jego praw poprzez wprowadzenie niezbędnych gwarancji procesowych. W konkluzji sformułowano postulaty de lege ferenda w zakresie objętym analizą.
Skutki prawne faktycznego niewykonywania przez skazanego kary ograniczenia wolności
Authors: Liżyńska Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

Jedną z podstawowych zasad prawa karnego wykonawczego jest wyrażona w art. 9 § 1 k.k.w. zasada bezzwłocznego wszczęcia postępowania wykonawczego, która służyć ma realizacji innej zasady — humanitaryzmu i poszanowania godności ludzkiej skazanego. Specyfika kary ograniczenia wolności, w szczególności uwydatniony jej prewencyjno-wychowawczy cel i podkreślona przepisami ustawy elastyczność w jej wykonaniu, sprawia, że w przypadku realizacji tej kary spotykamy wiele odstępstw od zasady bezzwłoczności wykonania kary. W zależności od etapu postępowania wykonawczego oraz okoliczności powodujących wyłom w jej wykonywaniu skutki prawne dla skazanego mogą być zarówno pozytywne, jak i negatywne. W przedstawionym artykule zwrócono na nie uwagę.