bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel dural incision and closure procedure for preventing postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage during the surgical removal of dumbbell-shaped spinal tumors: technical note
Authors: Ito Kiyoshi , Aoyama Tatsuro , Nakamura Takuya , Hanaoka Yoshiki , Horiuchi Tetsuyoshi , Hongo Kazuhiro
Published: June 2016

The authors report on a new method for removing dumbbell-shaped spinal tumors that avoids the risk of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Adequate visualization of the intra- and extradural components of the tumor is achieved with the use of separate dural incisions. First, the dura mater is opened along the dural theca to provide adequate visualization of the intradural portion of the mass; then, a second incision is made along the nerve root to remove the extradural component. Meticulous suturing is essential in intradural lesion cases; however, the dura mater is usually thin and fragile in such cases. During suturing with a needle and thread, the dura mater can become lacerated proximal to the needle holes and result in CSF leakage. In the authors' technique, instead of using a needle and thread, nonpenetrating vascular clips were used to close the dural incisions. When operating on dumbbell-shaped spinal tumors, the authors found that the “separate-dural-incision method” was preferable to the conventional T-shaped dural incision method because no dural defects occurred after the intradural procedure and meticulous dural closure with vascular clips was achieved. The authors conclude that the novel separate-dural-incision method for removing dumbbell-shaped tumors and the use of nonpenetrating vascular clips permits reliable dural closure, prevents postoperative CSF leakage, and promises good postoperative clinical results.
Eosinophilic meningitis triggered by implanted Gliadel wafers: case report
Authors: Saito Kiyotaka , Yamasaki Kouji , Yokogami Kiyotaka , Ivanova Asya , Takeishi Go , Sato Yuichiro , Takeshima Hideo
Published: June 2016

Although carmustine (Gliadel) wafers improve local tumor control and extend the overall survival in patients with malignant glioma, adverse effects have been documented. The authors report the first case of eosinophilic meningitis triggered by the placement of Gliadel wafers. A 61-year-old man with a history of alimentary allergy and glioblastoma in the right frontal lobe underwent resection followed by the implantation of Gliadel wafers. Three weeks later he suffered the sudden onset of headache, vomiting, and progressive consciousness disturbance. Computed tomography revealed enlargement of the ventricular system and subdural space on the side of the tumor. His CSF leukocyte count increased up to 3990 cells/mm3; 95% of the cells were eosinophilic granulocytes (EGs), suggesting eosinophilic meningitis. Laboratory examination showed the patient to have various elevated allergy indicators. The administration of corticosteroids failed to improve his condition. Despite the insertion of a lumbar drain his symptoms failed to improve. He underwent a second surgical intervention to remove the Gliadel wafers. Histologically, EGs had assembled around the wafers. Eosinophilic infiltrate was present in the brain parenchyma around small vessels. After ventriculoperitoneal shunting his course was favorable. A drug lymphocyte stimulation test against the Gliadel wafers failed to demonstrate a positive reaction; polifeprosan, the wafer matrix without 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, yielded a positive reaction. These findings strongly suggest that although extremely rare, polifeprosan (the wafer matrix) can elicit an allergic reaction. When eosinophilic meningitis is suspected after the implantation of Gliadel wafers, their immediate removal should be considered.
A Concise Synthesis of the Dihydroxy Styryllactone, 7-Epi-Goniodiol
Authors: Zeng PingLi , Wang Dong , Zhou Junhui , Dong Zhibing
Published: June 2016

A short and efficient stereoselective synthesis of dihydroxy styryllactone 7- epi-goniodiol has been achieved in nine steps and 20% overall yield, starting from readily available L-erythrose monoacetonide. The key steps of the synthesis involved a stereocontrolled Grignard reaction, a Stille–Gennari reaction and a one-pot acetonide deprotection-lactonisation.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 10-(4-Nitrobenzyl)-3,7,9,11-Tetraoxo-2,4,6,8,10-Pentaaza[3.3.3]Propellane
Authors: Yang De-Li , Fu Lei , Li Jia-Rong , Zhang Qi , Shi Da-Xin
Published: June 2016

N3a, N6a-Dibenzyl-2,5-dioxotetrahydroimidazo[4,5- d]imidazole-3a,6a(1 H,4 H)-dicarboxamide was obtained by the reaction of diethyl 2,5-dioxotetrahydroimidazo[4,5- d]imidazole-3a,6a(1 H,4 H)-dicarboxylate with benzylamine, and cyclised to give 10-benzyl-3,7,9,11-tetraoxo-2,4,6,8,10-pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane with p-TsOH as catalyst. 10-(4-nitrobenzyl)-3,7,9,11-tetraoxo-2,4,6,8,10-pentaaza[3.3.3] propellane was afforded by the nitration of the benzyl derivative in 65–68% nitric acid. The structure of 10-(4-nitrobenzyl)-3,7,9,11-tetraoxo-2,4,6,8,10-pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The syntheses of these propellane derivatives have several advantages such as mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, and excellent yields.
The Trifluoromethylation of Iminium Salts by the Addition of Trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane
Authors: Liu Haidong , Chen Bo , Cai Jin , Chen Junqing , Ji Min
Published: June 2016

Eleven trifluoromethylated amines were synthesised in high yield (up to 98%) under metal-free and oxidant-free conditions using iminium salts as starting material and the addition of trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane in dimethylformide containing potassium fluoride.
Nutrigenomics and Beef Quality: A Review about Lipogenesis
Authors: Ladeira Marcio , Schoonmaker Jon , Gionbelli Mateus , Dias Júlio , Gionbelli Tathyane , Carvalho José , Teixeira Priscilla
Published: June 2016

The objective of the present review is to discuss the results of published studies that show how nutrition affects the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and how diet manipulation might change marbling and composition of fat in beef. Several key points in the synthesis of fat in cattle take place at the molecular level, and the association of nutritional factors with the modulation of this metabolism is one of the recent targets of nutrigenomic research. Within this context, special attention has been paid to the study of nuclear receptors associated with fatty acid metabolism. Among the transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) stand out. The mRNA synthesis of these transcription factors is regulated by nutrients, and their metabolic action might be potentiated by diet components and change lipogenesis in muscle. Among the options for dietary manipulation with the objective to modulate lipogenesis, the use of different sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids, starch concentrations, forage ratios and vitamins stand out. Therefore, special care must be exercised in feedlot feed management, mainly when the goal is to produce high marbling beef.
Design, Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Novel Dihydroartemisinin-Coumarin Hybrids via Click Chemistry
Authors: Tian Ye , Liang Zhen , Xu Hang , Mou Yanhua , Guo Chun
Published: June 2016

In order to develop novel chemotherapeutic agents with potent anticancer activities, we designed four series of novel compounds employing hybridization strategy. Twenty novel dihydroartemisinin-coumarin hybrids, 10a–e, 11a–e, 12a–e, 13a–e, were synthesized via click chemistry in this study and their structures were characterized by HRMS and NMR. The cytotoxic activities were measured by MTT assay against three cancer cell lines (HCT-116, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29) under normoxic or anoxic conditions, respectively. The target compounds exhibited moderate activity with IC50 values in the 0.05–125.40 μM range, and these compounds exhibited better activity against HT-29 cell line under anoxic condition. The cytotoxic activities of most compounds under anoxic condition displayed one- to 10-fold greater activity than under normoxic condition. Compounds 10a–e showed better selectivity against the HT-29 cell line than the other two cell lines. These results indicated that our design of CA IX inhibitors does correspond with its action mode to some degree and deserves further investigation.
Common mycelial networks impact competition in an invasive grass
Authors: Workman Rachael E. , Cruzan Mitchell B.
Published: June 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Mycorrhizal hyphal complexes can connect multiple host plants to form common mycelial networks (CMNs) that may affect plant competitive outcomes and community composition through differential resource allocation. The impacts of CMN interactions on invasive plants are not well understood and could be crucial to the understanding of invasive plant establishment and success.

METHODS:

We grew the invasive grass Brachypodium sylvaticum in intra‐ and interspecific pairings with native grass Bromus vulgaris in a greenhouse and controlled for the effects of CMN and root interactions by manipulating the belowground separation between competitors. Comparison of plant growth in pots that allowed CMN interactions and excluded root competition and vice versa, or both, allowed us to delineate the effects of network formation and root competition on invasive plant establishment and performance.

KEY RESULTS:

Brachypodium sylvaticum grown in pots allowing for only hyphal interactions, but no root competition, displayed superior growth compared with conspecifics in other treatments. Invasive performance was poorest when pairs were not separated by a barrier. Shoot nitrogen content in B. sylvaticum was higher in mycorrhizal plants only when connections were allowed between competitors.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our results indicate that the presence of CMN networks can have positive effects on B. sylvaticum establishment and nutrient status, which may affect plant competition and invasion success.
Enfants de parents souffrant de troubles psychiques chroniques et complexes : la pertinence d’un dispositif groupal dans leur accompagnement
Authors: Maach Del Lucchese Khadija
Published: June 2016

Les enfants qui grandissent auprès d’un parent souffrant de troubles psychiques chroniques et complexes sont particulièrement vulnérables. Ils sont amenés à grandir avec un fort sentiment de solitude et d’incompréhension devant la pathologie de leurs parents. La participation d’enfants partageant une problématique parentale commune à un groupe de parole a montré ses bénéfices comme en témoigne l’exemple français auprès d’enfants de parents alcoolodépendants. Des pratiques similaires menées au Royaume-Uni et en Belgique auprès d’enfants de parents malades psychiques ont montré à quel point le groupe de parole s’avère étayant pour ces enfants. Cet article présente brièvement un aperçu de ces expériences ainsi qu’une réflexion sur les besoins spécifiques de ces enfants, afin de soutenir l’idée qu’un accompagnement de type groupal est à développer auprès de cette population.
Hypovitaminosis D in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Single-Center Analysis
Authors: Inkrott Bradley P. , Koberling Jessica L. , Noel Curtis R.
Published: June 2016

Vitamin D is recognized as an essential component in bone health, muscle function, and immune system regulation. This study sought to characterize the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA), and shoulder hemiarthroplasty (HA). Between September 2013 and December 2014, a total of 218 patients undergoing TSA, RSA, and HA by a single surgeon were screened for hypovitaminosis D and retrospectively reviewed. Demographic variables and risk factors were recorded. Overall, 93 shoulder arthroplasty patients (43%) were vitamin D insufficient (<30 ng/mL) and 24 patients (11%) were vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/mL). Body mass index (BMI) had a significant effect on vitamin D levels; BMI of 30 kg/m
2
or greater was associated with lower vitamin D levels (31.5±12.1 ng/mL) compared with patients with a BMI of less than 30 kg/m
2
(36.2±15.7 ng/mL,
P
≤.01). The absence of supplementation with vitamin D and calcium prior to serum testing was the most significant risk factor for hypovitaminosis D (odds ratio [OR], 8.234,
P
<.001). Age, gender, race, smoking status, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, procedure, and surgical indication were not significant. This is the largest cohort of shoulder arthroplasty patients screened for hypovitaminosis D. Almost half (43%) of the study population was insufficient, and both the absence of supplementation prior to serum testing and BMI of 30 kg/m
2
or greater were found to be predictive of lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Given the extent of vitamin D involvement in normal musculoskeletal physiology, routine preoperative evaluation is merited. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(4):e651–e656.]
The image of a tamed landscape: dehesa through History in Spain
Authors: Guzmán Álvarez José Ramón
Published: June 2016

This paper focus on the difficulty of applying an apparently clear and transparent concept that refers to an emblematic Mediterranean historical and cultural landscape: the dehesa agroecosystem. This agroecosystem, named montado in Portugal, is located in the southwestern area of the Iberian Peninsula. Dehesa is a very evocative word; it is a concept that, besides, shows a great capacity to contain social values and sensibilities pertaining to the modern world (respect for the environment, quality in the production processes, biodiversity, cultural heritage). Nevertheless, the concept of dehesa is situated in undefined and confusing spaces, due to the fact that its multifunctional nature involving forestry, agriculture and livestock farming prevents it from being understood by the strict dichotomous categories relating to regulatory, ecological or production aspects. In this sense, there is such disconcertion that any proposal aimed at solving the challenges of the dehesa should reach a previous consensus regarding a more adjusted definition thereof, continuing the evolution of this historical concept.
Differentiation strategies in coffee global value chains through reference to territorial origin in Latin American countries
Authors: Marescotti Andrea , Belletti Giovanni
Published: June 2016

For many years coffee has been regarded as a commodity. Recently, new trends both at consumption and production level created new opportunities for de-commodifying the coffee market, by a differentiation based on social, environmental and territorial resources, and consequently for strengthening local agro-food systems and improving the position of farmers in the value chain. In this perspective, territorial origin is one promising lever of differentiation, and there is a growing number of initiatives trying to develop protected Geographical Indications in coffee value chains. This work aims at identifying the different logics surrounding the construction of protected Geographical Indications (GIs) in the coffee industry in Latin America, and to discuss the role of history and tradition in relation to the link to specific local resources. Our analysis highlights a variety of typologies of GI initiatives, which follow different logics and strategies, and interpret the concept of “origin” in different ways, especially when compared to the European Union one. However the role that history and traditions play in American coffee GIs is not yet relevant.
La septième saison de 24 heures chrono : illusion d’un tournant moral et éthique ?
Authors: Pichard Alexis
Published: June 2016

Cet article se propose d’analyser l’évolution en termes moraux et éthiques de la série 24 heures chrono (Fox, 2001-2010 ; 2014) à l’aune de sa septième saison. Jusque-là accusée d’épouser la politique antiterroriste utilitariste menée par l’administration du président Républicain en exercice George W. Bush, la série amorce un tournant idéologique à l’occasion de sa septième saison, dont la diffusion débute quelques jours avant l’investiture du Démocrate Barack Obama en janvier 2009. Les grandes polémiques qui entourent 24 heures chrono – en premier lieu, la surreprésentation de la torture – font désormais l’objet de profonds questionnements au sein même de la diégèse et alimentent un débat philosophique plus global quant à l’éthique à adopter dans la guerre contre le terrorisme. Sont alors opposés le déontologisme kantien et de l’utilitarisme théorisé par Jeremy Bentham. Cet article s’attache ainsi à mettre au jour les tensions idéologiques qui animent la septième saison de 24 heures chrono et à évaluer la mesure des inflexions que celle-ci opère dans le sillage de l’élection d’Obama.
Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting with a Gingival Metastasis
Authors: Ali Rusha A.E. , Mohamed Kamal E.H.
Published: June 2016

Metastatic deposits to the oral cavity are exceptionally rare. The commonest tumor types metastasizing to the oral cavity include lung and breast carcinoma. Renal cell carcinoma is believed to be the third most common infra clavicular tumor to metastasize to the head and neck. We report a case where an oral cavity deposit was the initial presentation for an occult clear cell renal carcinoma. Additional therapeutic options, including immunotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and participation in a clinical trial, should be discussed with the patient despite the poor overall prognosis.
Nutrient losses from cattle co-digestate slurry during storage
Authors: Perazzolo Francesca , Mattachini Gabriele , Tambone Fulvia , Calcante Aldo , Provolo Giorgio
Published: June 2016

Among environmental issues related to intensive livestock activity, emissions to air from manure management are of increasing concern. Thus the knowledge of the effect of treatment application on subsequent emissions from manure is required to assess the environment impact of management solutions. This work addresses the effect of anaerobic digestion and phase separation on emissions during storage by studying nitrogen losses from lab-scale stores and field pilot-scale stores of a co-digestate cattle slurry and its respective separated fractions. Lab-scale experiment was carried in temperature-controlled room where each fraction (untreated, separated liquid and separated solid) was stored in duplicate for a period of 32 days in 30 L vessel. Pilot-scale experiment was carried out both during the cold season and during warm season for 90 days of storage. In both experimentations samples of the manure were analysed periodically for total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total ammonia nitrogen, dry matter and volatile solids and pH. These analyses allow estimating nitrogen losses in different storage conditions. Effects of mechanical separation and season were assessed by ANOVA (Wilcoxon test, P<0.05). In temperature controlled conditions nitrogen losses measured account for 13% and 26% of TKN for unseparated and separated slurries respectively. In field conditions during cold season nutrient losses were limited. On average unseparated and separated slurries lost respectively 6.8% and 12.6% of their initial TKN content. Much higher were the TKN losses from the slurries examined in warm season where losses raised up to 40% of the initial TKN content. Generally mechanical separation increases nutrient losses, but the differences were not significant in field conditions. The results highlighted that nutrient losses, in particular the nitrogen ones, can be considerable especially during summer storage. The latter, in case of separated slurries, are mainly related to the liquid fraction, which is responsible for up 92% of the losses. When phase separation after anaerobic digestion is used, mitigation options, as covers or slurry acidification, are advisable in order to limit the negative environmental impact.
The influence of management and construction methods in the repair costs of Spain’s low-volume road network
Authors: Gallego Eutiquio , Moya Manuel , Ayuga-Téllez Esperanza , García Ana I. , Ayuga Francisco
Published: June 2016

This paper describes the entire process of the implementation of the Spanish low volume road network, including the design criteria, the construction techniques and the management policies during all the periods. The current situation of low volume roads in Spain was analyzed with respect to the legal framework and their actual condition. In addition, the budget required for the repair of 41 low volume roads throughout Spain was calculated in order to statistically analyze the influence of the pavement materials and the period of construction. The main conclusions were that low volume roads constructed during the 1970´s are currently those in the best state of repair and those requiring the lower repair costs, even lower than those constructed after 1980´s. In addition, low volume roads constructed with higher quality materials and using standardized techniques required five times lower repair costs than those made of lower quality materials.
How do low-abundance taxa affect river biomonitoring? Exploring the response of different macroinvertebrate-based indices
Authors: Guareschi Simone , Laini Alex , Sánchez-Montoya Maria M.
Published: June 2016

The contribution of rare taxa to aquatic bioassessments remains a subject of debate, and generates contrasting positions among researchers. Very little is known about the effect of low-abundance taxa (LAT) for calculating both single and multimetric macroinvertebrate-based indices, as well as the ecological status classification. In this study, we aimed to: i) identify the aquatic macroinvertebrates that need special attention during index applications given their low abundance; ii) analyse the effect of excluding LAT on single (IBMWP and IASPT) and multimetric (STAR_ICMi) biological indices; and iii) investigate the influence of LAT on river ecological status assessments. To this end, two different river basins in SE Spain and N Italy with contrasting climatic conditions and river types were selected. Our results showed that almost all the taxa at the family level can act as low-abundance taxa. In particular, the LAT belonged mainly to orders Diptera, Trichoptera, Coleoptera, Gastropoda and Hemiptera. The IndVal analysis stressed Tabanidae, Cordulegasteridae and Hydroptilidae as the most characteristic low-abundance families in the Spanish data set, while Dryopidae and Athericidae were identified mostly in N Italy. Excluding LAT affected the studied index values and the resulting bioassessment classification, except for the IASPT index. Loss of the entire LAT pool reduced the ecological status for 78% of the samples for the IBMWP index. Changing took place in 41% of the samples when considering the STAR_ICM index. Relevant changes were detected even when considering loss of 50% of the LAT, especially with the IBMWP index. Similar values and patterns were obtained in each considered quality class and river type. Our results provide useful information about controversial taxa and stress the significance of LAT in river biomonitoring. Excluding LAT is discouraged, although different responses according to the considered index were detected. The IBMWP index always obtained lower values (coupled mainly with an underestimation of ecological classes), while STAR_ICMi and, especially the IASPT index, were less affected by excluding LAT. Paying special attention to all the protocol application stages is recommended, with emphasis placed when using the IBMWP index.
Analysis of readymade readers and near–inter-pupillary distance for presbyopic patients in optometric practice in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Butler Monet A. , Jowell Michael E. , Clarke-Farr Peter C.
Published: June 2016

Purpose and background: This study has particular significance in ophthalmic dispensing as well as for optometry when considering the use of readymade readers (RMRs) both in private practice and in the public health sector. This study investigated firstly whether the optical centre (OC) distance for a sample of RMRs correlates with the near–inter-pupillary distance (near-IPD) for presbyopic patients, whether induced prism occurs with convergence when reading and whether RMR lenses are free of optical strain. Methods: Near-IPDs (measured by a single individual) were obtained from record cards of 1080 patients (540 male patients and 540 female patients). The OC distances were determined for 60 RMRs using a Nikon PL-2 screen vertometer, and induced prismatic effects were calculated for vertical and horizontal meridians. The presence of optical strain was analysed and graded using crossed polarised filters (within a polariscope). Results: The measured average near-IPD was 59.04 mm (s.d. ±2.87) for the 540 female patients and 61.59 mm (s.d. ±3.08) for the 540 male patients. The measured average RMR OC distance was 64.49 mm (s.d. ±3.74) for female patients and 62.77 mm (s.d. ±1.57) for male patients. Based on the mean near-IPD and the corresponding RMR OC distance, the average horizontal prismatic effect found in RMRs designed for female patients with induced prism was 0.11 pd base-out (5.06 mm outwards) and 0.04 pd base-in (1.26 mm inwards). For male RMRs, this was 0.03 pd base-out (1.32 mm outwards) and 0.02 pd base-in (1.28 mm inwards). When comparing RMR distances with near-IPDs, t = -7.87, p < 0.001 for female patients and t = -3.69, p < 0.001 for male patients. The average vertical differential prismatic effect for female patients was 0.67 pd and it was 0.68 pd for male patients. Optical strain was observed in 66.67% and 56.67% of RMR lenses for female and male patients, respectively. The strain pattern was found to be most severe in the inferior temporal periphery for 34 RMRs for female patients and for 20 RMRs for male patients, followed by the inferior nasal periphery for 27 and 18 lenses (RMRs) for male and female patients, respectively. Conclusion: Most RMRs were found to be within international standard tolerances for horizontally induced prismatic effects, but 10% of female and 36.67% of male RMRs had vertical prismatic effects, which exceeded international standards. Significant optical strain was found in the inferior nasal reading portion of the RMRs. Keywords: Readymade readers (RMR’s); prismatic effect; strain; interpupillary distance; presbyopia; reading
The material variance of the Dead Sea Scrolls: On texts and artefacts
Authors: Tigchelaar Eibert
Published: June 2016

What does a sacred text look like? Are religious books materially different from other books? Does materiality matter? This article deals with three different aspects of material variance attested amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls, Ancient Jewish religious text fragments, of which were found in the Judean Desert. I suggest that the substitution of the ancient Hebrew script by the everyday Aramaic script, also for Torah and other religious texts, was intentional and programmatic: it enabled the broader diffusion of scriptures in Hellenistic and Roman Judea. The preponderant use of parchment for religious texts rather than papyrus may be a marker of identity. The many small scrolls which contained only small parts of specific religious books (Genesis, Psalms) may have been produced as religious artefacts which express identity in the period when Judaism developed into a religion of the book. Keywords: Dead Sea Scrolls; Judaism; Manuscripts
Does psychiatry need religion and spirituality in its treatment approach? Narcissism as an example
Authors: Bohmer Manfred
Published: June 2016

Background: Although religion and spirituality are increasingly recognised as important in the understanding and treatment of patients, there are also concerns about their role in psychiatry. The recommendation for the integration of spirituality in the approach to psychiatric practice highlights the importance to further think about this practice.

Objective: To contribute to the debate on the role of spirituality in psychiatry by considering the opinions of two prominent thinkers in this field, the theologian Tillich, and the psychoanalyst Symington.

 Method: The approach of Tillich and Symington to mental health problems are compared. Narcissism is focussed on, since Symington describes narcissism as the core of all pathology and states that the prime aim of psychoanalysis is the transformation of narcissism. The contributions of Kohut and Kernberg are also briefly discussed.

 Results: In Symington’s opinion more than psychoanalysis is needed to help those in the grip of narcissism. Tillich emphasises the difference between existential anxiety and anxiety due to psychopathology. Psychotherapy can only heal the latter. Yet he also states that we are incapable of change without self-acceptance. For this a larger experience of acceptance or grace is needed, since we are incapable of offering ourselves this type of acceptance.

 Conclusion: In the struggle to get a grip on narcissism, good nurturing experiences, transformative selfobjects, a confrontation with the darker sides of the self and the message of ultimate acceptance are needed. Religion and spirituality have an important contribution to make to psychiatric or psychotherapeutic treatment.

Keywords: Narcissism; religion; spirituality; psychoanalysis
Influences of the Eu Concentration and the Milling Time on Photoluminescence Properties of Y2O3-H3BO3:Eu3+ Powders Prepared by Mechanical Alloying
Authors: Gong Hyun-Sic , Kim Hyun-Goo
Published: June 2016

Y2O3–H3BO3:Eu3+ powders are synthesized using a mechanical alloying method, and their photoluminescence (PL) properties are investigated through luminescence spectrophotometry. For samples milled for 300 min, some Y2O3 peaks ([222], [440], and [622]) and amorphous formations are observed. The 300-min-milled mixture annealed at 800°C for 1 h with Eu = 8 mol% has the strongest PL intensity at every temperature increase of 100°C (increasing from 700 to 1200°C in 100°C increments). PL peaks of the powder mixture, as excited by a xenon discharge lamp (20 kW) at 240 nm, are detected at approximately 592 nm (orange light, 5Do → 7F1), 613 nm, 628 nm (red light, 5Do → 7F1), and 650 nm. The PL intensity of powder mixtures milled for 120 min is generally lower than that of powder mixtures milled for 300 min under the same conditions. PL peaks due to YBO3 and Y2O3 are observed for 300-min-milled Y2O3–H3BO3 with Eu = 8 mol% after annealing at 800°C for 1 h.
Development of Powder Injection Molding Process for a Piezoelectric PAN-PZT Ceramics
Authors: Han Jun Sae , Park Dong Yong , Lin Dongguo , Chung Kwang Hyun , Bollina Ravi , Park Seong Jin
Published: June 2016

A powder injection molding process is developed and optimized for piezoelectric PAN-PZT ceramics. Torque rheometer experiments are conducted to determine the optimal solids loading, and the rheological property of the feedstock is evaluated using a capillary rheometer. Appropriate debinding conditions are chosen using a thermal gravity analyzer, and the debound specimens are sintered using sintering conditions determined in a preliminary investigation. Piezoelectric performance measures, including the piezoelectric charge constant and dielectric constant, are measured to verify the developed process. The average values of the measured piezoelectric charge constant and dielectric constant are 455 pC/N and 1904, respectively. Powder injection molded piezoelectric ceramics produced by the optimized process show adequate piezoelectric performance compared to press-sintered piezoelectric ceramics.
Research Trend of Additive Manufacturing Technology
Authors: Choi Hanshin , Byun Jong Min , Lee Wonsik , Bang Su-Ryong , Kim Young Do
Published: June 2016

Additive manufacturing (AM) is defined as the manufacture of three-dimensional tangible products by additively consolidating two-dimensional patterns layer by layer. In this review, we introduce four fundamental conceptual pillars that support AM technology: the bottom-up manufacturing factor, computer-aided manufacturing factor, distributed manufacturing factor, and eliminated manufacturing factor. All the conceptual factors work together; however, business strategy and technology optimization will vary according to the main factor that we emphasize. In parallel to the manufacturing paradigm shift toward mass personalization, manufacturing industrial ecology evolves to achieve competitiveness in economics of scope. AM technology is indeed a potent candidate manufacturing technology for satisfying volatile and customized markets. From the viewpoint of the innovation technology adoption cycle, various pros and cons of AM technology themselves prove that it is an innovative technology, in particular a disruptive innovation in manufacturing technology, as powder technology was when ingot metallurgy was dominant. Chasms related to the AM technology adoption cycle and efforts to cross the chasms are considered.
Influencing pre-service teachers’ beliefs and practices: a case for an experimental teaching experience.
Authors: Kanobana Sibo , Deygers Bart
Published: June 2016

Previous research has indicated that experience is a more effective tool than theory in changing the teaching beliefs of prospective teachers. This qualitative case study includes the perspectives of stakeholders of a teacher training programme in order to determine the influence of its practical components on pre-service teachers' beliefs and practices. The qualitative study corroborates the findings of earlier studies that showed the limited impact of theoretical knowledge, but also shows that even a comparatively limited experiential component can have a substantial influence on pre-service teachers' beliefs and practices. Additionally, the study includes a number of implications for teacher training curricula.
Researching Recognition of Prior Learning; the significance of assessor’s values and beliefs within the Totally Pedagogised Society
Authors: O'Leary Phil , Ledwith Ann
Published: June 2016

This research is exploring the values and beliefs of academic assessors around Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) in order to better understand their mindset and provide a foundation for best practice informed by all actors. An interpretative research design and random stratified sampling allowed for 31 interviews with assessors in an institute of technology setting in Ireland. Bernstein’s theories of classification and framing of knowledge and the related ideas of power and control provided the conceptual framework for analysis of the data.  The notion of assessors as actors within the totally pedagogised society also supported analysis. Results are presented in two themes.  The first theme reports that the primary values and beliefs of assessors around RPL are related to defending the standards of the formal learning system. The second theme ‘balancing,’ diverges from this and provides further understanding as to positions taken with the assessment of RPL. This theme is discussed within the context of the totally pedagogised society. The research concludes that practitioner networks are necessary to cultivate pedagogic agency for RPL through both the official and pedagogic recontextualisation fields.
Enhanced eBooks in the teaching/learning process of electronics
Authors: Gimeno Cecilia , Sánchez-Azqueta Carlos , Celma Santiago , Aldea Concepción
Published: June 2016

Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are an invaluable tool to facilitate and promote meaningful learning. Numerous higher education institutions have already adopted the use of virtual learning environments, incorporating e-learning along with traditional teaching methodologies as part of a mixed learning. M-learning maintains all the advantages of e-learning while adding the possibility of learning anywhere and anytime. This work presents an enhanced book in Electronics that contains a set of multimedia resources (images, videos, and apps) that have been specifically created to stimulate an adapted and interactive learning. The material presented in this work has been designed to be downloadable to mobile devices (smartphones and tables) running iOS and Android.
The melodic dictation in the traditions of Russian music education
Authors: Dzhumanova Lola
Published: June 2016

In Russia solfeggio became an academic subject at the time of foundation of Saint-Petersburg and Moscow conservatories. Coming from Western Europe, in Russia solfeggio gained its own traditions of teaching. There were established three main activities – vocal and intonation exercises, hearing analysis and dictation. They were defined by the scientist of the ХХth century – professor of Moscow Conservatory I.V. Sposobin.It is a melodic dictation that  became a comprehensive model for the development of prospect musicians’ skills. The reason is in the combination of various tasks, such as the ability to hear, realize, memorize and record a relatively complete musical part based on a certain number of replays. Over the years of evolution in the Russian teaching school the dictation obtained logical representation, enabling to teach and perceive music, tonal and atonal. The same dictation significantly differs in the Russian tradition from its French analogue.The report describes the evolution in the three-level system of music education, comparing it to the traditions of other countries.Key words: solfeggio, a melodic dictation, a comprehensive task, multilevel musical thinking.
Business internships and new technologies: a scenario for growth and innovation
Authors: Sanahuja Vélez Gisela , Ribes Giner Gabriela , Moya Clemente Ismael
Published: June 2016

Literature on traineeships recognizes beneficial effects on its main agents: students, employers, and higher education institutions. Furthermore, some authors have identified added effects when applying new technologies to the business internship experience, specially referred to improved computer skills and learning outcomes. The Faculty of Business Administration and Management of the Universitat Politècnica de València has had a remarkable increase of internships over the past years. As computer skills are being more demanded by employers in a globalized and technological world, it is expected that virtual placements and ICTs in the internship practice will be a trend in universities in the up-coming years. The management of internships of the two new Double Degrees in the Faculty of Business: Business Administration and Management + Computer Science Engineering, and Business Administration and Management + Telecommunications Engineering, could provide the perfect scenario to put into practice and to explore the possibilities of new technologies applied to internships. The recent change in the Spanish law and in the regulations of universities, such as the Universitat Politècnica de València, allows business internships to take place abroad. This could also provide an opportunity for innovation and growth, if combining internationalization with virtualization of internships.
Towards Learning for Employment: A Study of Effect of Different Variables on Employment Readiness of Students Enrolled in Professional Programmes Delhi-NCR, India.
Authors: Khatri Puja , Raina Khushboo
Published: June 2016

Abstract Indian Higher Education system has got 70 million students enrolled in different technical and professional courses, which is highest in world. Being the fastest growing economy, India has got global attention also. Despite such strong foundation, the nation lacks a skilled workforce. The expectations of the industry don’t match with what they receive as a workforce. There has been a continuous effort in instilling technical, communication, spiritual, leadership skills along with building a high quotient of ethics and professionalism in the students. The problem lies somewhere else, which needs quick attention. The present study attempts to analyze the effect of independent variables assessment of self competence, open to change, networking, professional growth, emotional growth, spiritual growth, realistic expectations, interpersonal skills, conceptual skills, technical skills, leadership skills, attitude towards planet, ethical disposition, flexibility to work and orientation towards money on the dependent variable Employment readiness through Regression analysis. The findings suggest that students need to assess their self competence, develop an achievement orientation attitude and work on technical skills in order to become Employment ready. There are very few studies addressing this issue in Indian context and researchers could find no published empirical work analyzing the effect of all these variables on Employment readiness. This would serve as a strong base for researchers in similar field. This study is beneficial for academicians, policy-makers and academic regulatory bodies. Keywords: Employment readiness, Indian higher education, Generation y employment readiness, Employability of gen y.
Results of the implementation of a virtual microscope in a course of histology
Authors: Alegre-Martínez Antoni , Martínez-Martínez María Isabel , Alfonso Sánchez José Luis , Morales Suárez-Varela María M , Llopis González Agustín
Published: June 2016

The course of Anatomy and Histology is studied in the first year of Dentistry at the University Cardenal Herrera CEU (Alfara del Patriarca, Spain). Its practices consist on choose freely six samples and draw their most representative features. These practices were made by optical microscopy until 2014, and in 2015 was introduced the virtual microscope exclusively. The aim of the study is to test whether this new teaching method has improved the quality of exercise and the understanding shown by students. First, the best exercises of both years were chosen, and from them some drawings from the same tissue were compared. Some tissues which samples for optical microscope were hard to obtain, were drawn for the very first time thanks to the virtual microscope. Also, with the virtual microscopy the drawings contained more details and definition. The understanding of the structures improved, shown by a more functional, detailed and defined vision of the tissues. The labels of the virtual microscope helped to the self-study and avoided the loss of unnoticed structures. In conclusion, replacement of optical microscope by the virtual microscope is a teaching improvement and facilitates student learning.
Inclusive University Classrooms the importance of faculty training
Authors: Morgado Beatriz , Melero Noelia , Molina Víctor , Cortés-Vega María Dolores
Published: June 2016

The presence of students with disabilities in the universities is increasing. Faculty need to be trained in order to attend these students and with the objective to offer and inclusice education. The aim of this communication is to identify, describe and explain the barriers and aids that students with disabilities experience in university classroom. Forty four students with disabilitis participated in the research. A biographical narrative methodology was used. The university-life histories of the students were complied by making use of in-depth interviews, lifelines and photographs. Results indicate the important of faculty training in matters concerning disabilities and new technologies, informing to the faculty of the presence of students with disabilities in their classroom,  the existence of a specific service to support the faculty and the important of iimproving a positive attitude toward the disability. These results are dicussed in line with other studies. Recommendations are maded according to inclusive education and offering keys to universities to provide training plans leading to inclusive education and learning.
Improved learning performance based on a flipped classroom concept – a case study
Authors: Rachfall Thomas , Dressler Soeren
Published: June 2016

Aim of the research was to improve effectiveness of university education. With the use of new digital tools the learning processes in many different disciplines have been enhanced. However, the traditional class room training can hardly be replaced entirely as the students’ motivation drops with less direct interaction with the instructor. Hence small private online courses are more successful than massive online education. The authors have developed a sophisticated flipped classroom learning approach incorporating various digital tools ranging from different kinds of videos to a class response system combined with class room lectures. The case of the course introduction to management accounting at the University of Applied Sciences Berlin is been presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the flipped classroom concept. An empirical analysis confirms that the students’ acceptance is highest if various methods of teaching are been applied. In particular relying on digital tools only is seen as ineffective and of less value. Eventually, based on the analysis and classroom observations improvement opportunities have been derived in order to further increase the learning performance.
English-Medium Instruction in the Education Faculty of Málaga University: Students’ profiles
Authors: López-Gutiérrez Aurora , Barrios Elvira
Published: June 2016

This paper seeks to attain a better knowledge of the students that have joined the first partially-taught-in-English degree course in one of the six groups of the Bachelor’s Degree in Primary Education in the University of Málaga. The aim is to comprehend their different profiles so that professors can cater for their needs. To achieve this objective, as part of an innovation project led by a multidisciplinary team, different questionnaires were designed, the first of them to get information about their personal data and English training. It was taken by first year students, for two consecutive years (2014, 2015). The results of this questionnaire revealed that, as no specific requirements were asked, and only English level indications were given, we have to work with an heterogeneous group of people, which results in a multi-level proficiency, very demanding group, to deal with. However, comparing the results from one year to the next, we noticed that there has been an improvement in almost every parameter we were interested in assessing, and the participants of the developing innovation project are committed to evaluate their needs and provide the necessary support that teachers and students deserve.
Consolidation of a professional approach experience on motivating Computer Engineering students to the application of legal issues
Authors: Lozano Mayte , Trillo-Lado Raquel
Published: June 2016

In previous courses, professors of the degree of ComputerScience and Software Engineering of the University of Zaragoza realised that students did not like studying materias related to Legislation and Information Systems. However, these topics are key when Computer Science and Software Engineers have to analyse, design, implement and mantain Information Systems in different environments such as enterprises, public entities, etc. because rights  of users/clients  of  these  systems must be guaranteed. So, a more appeling way to  teach those topics to motivate the students to take them into account was designed.This  paper  describes  the  methodology and the main activities designed in the 2014/2015  and  2015/2016  courses in order to get the attention of the students on topics related to the current Spanish legislation and Information Systems. Moreover, some indicators about the performance of the students and their opinions about this new methodology are also described and analysed.