bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Jamsostek Mobile (JMO) dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Online Klaim Jaminan Hari Tua (JHT) di BPJS Ketenagarkerjaan KCP Kepanjen
Authors: Cahyani Zulfatun Nabilah , Setiawan Eko Rahman , Sunindya Bernadus Rudy
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh berbagai permasalahan diantaranya, masih ada beberapa peserta yang tidak paham akan alur tata cara klaim Jaminan Hari Tua melalui aplikasi Jamsostek Mobile, keterbatasan pengetahuan teknologi oleh masyarakat sehingga kesulitan dalam melakukan pengimplementasian layanan Jamsostek Mobile Khususnya dalam melakukan Klaim Jaminan Hari Tua, beberapa peserta beranggapan bahwa klaim Jaminan Hari Tua masih dilakukan secara offline dan kurangnya pengetahuan peserta akan limit saldo yang dapat di klaimkan di aplikasi Jamsostek Mobile. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi Jamsostek Mobile dalam meningkatkan layanan online klaim Jaminan Hari Tua di BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Kepanjen. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik sampling rancangan non probability sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dengan cara melakukan wawancara terhadap 8 Informan dari unsur kepala kantor BPJS Ketenagakerjaan KCP Kepanjen, staff bidang pelayanan madya dan umum serta peserta yang sudah maupun belum mempunyai aplikasi Jamsostek Mobile yang akan melakukan klaim Jaminan Hari Tua. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Jamsostek Mobile dalam meningkatkan layanan online klaim Jaminan Hari Tua di BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Kepanjen 6 peserta yang menjadi informan 3 diantarnya masih bingung menggunakan layanan Jamsostek Mobile dalam melakukan klaim Jaminan Hari Tua, sehingga BPJS Ketenagakerjaan masih perlu adanya peningkatan sosialisasi secara merata terhadap peserta – peserta yang masih belum teredukasi secara baik dalam menggunakan layanan Jamsostek Mobile secara mandiri.
Re-irradiation followed by resection for recurrent brain metastases after initial stereotactic radiosurgery: illustrative cases
Authors: Kato Takenori , Hasegawa Toshinori , Kuwabara Kyoko , Ohno Masasuke , Kuramitsu Shunichiro , Naito Takehiro , Mizuno Akihiro , Sakai Yosuke , Oishi Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The management of recurrent brain metastases after initial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) remains challenging, with high local recurrence rates following salvage surgery. While preoperative SRS has shown promise for newly diagnosed metastases, its application in post-SRS recurrences is largely unexplored.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors treated three patients with recurrent brain metastases using preoperative re-irradiation followed by resection. Gamma Knife SRS was performed at marginal doses of 16–18 Gy, followed by resection within 24–48 hours. Local control was achieved in all patients without radiation-related complications. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of viable tumor cells and radiation-induced changes. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging revealed no evidence of tumor recurrence or adverse effects. Two patients remained alive at 35 and 19 months, whereas one died of primary cancer progression at 20 months.

LESSONS

Preoperative re-irradiation followed by resection for recurrent brain metastases after initial SRS is feasible and offers promise for short-term safety, local control, and rapid symptom improvement. The ability to promptly implement SRS enables its application in oncological emergencies. These findings suggest that preoperative re-irradiation can be a valuable strategy for managing symptomatic post-SRS recurrent brain metastases that require prompt surgical intervention.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24737
SPECTRAL, CONFORMATIONAL AND DOCKING STUDIES OF FURYL SUBSTITUTED HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
Authors: K. Selvaraju  , Babu A. Kishore , T. Maruthavanan  , G.K. Ayyadurai  , S. Sathiyamoorthi  , Chandrasekaran Meganathan
Published: February 2025

A series of N-formyl-t(3),t(5)-dimethyl-r(2),c(6)-bis(2’-furyl)piperidin-4-one 1, N-acetyl-t(3),t(5)-dimethylr(2),c(6)-bis(2’-furyl)piperidin-4-one 2, N-propanoyl-t(3),t(5)-dimethyl-r(2),c(6)-bis(2’-furyl)piperidin-4-one 3, Nbenzoyl-t(3),t(5)-dimethyl-r(2),c(6)-bis(2’-furyl)piperidin-4-one 4 have been synthesized and analyzed by 1H and 13C spectra at room temperature as well as low temperatures (30, 0, -15C). For the symmetrical N-acyl-3,5- dimethyl derivatives, isochronous signals are observed at room temperature as well as low temperatures. Only at low temperatures, were the well-resolved signals observed. 1H and 13C spectra were obtained for the above series of compounds at -15ºC to confirm the signals. The structure of the compound was determined based on the coupling constant values, and the preferred conformation for compounds 1-4 was found to be boat form B5, In docking studies, compounds 3 and 4 showed a strong hydrogen bond interaction with reference also compared with hydrophobic interactions, these two compounds have an ability to inhibit the protein.
Genotypical and paratypical determinants of vitality and productivity of pigs
Authors: Tkachuk O. D. , Baranovskyi D. I. , Korenev M. I.
Published: February 2025

The work shows the results of crossing sows of the Big White breed with local breeder boars, which were created by combining the Big White, Landrace and Durok breeds. The effect of heterosis on the reproductive properties of sows under crossbreeding conditions, as well as the growth, development and fattening characteristics of crossbred piglets of various combinations was studied. The effectiveness of industrial crossing of big white breed sows with boars of various combinations has been experimentally confirmed. The highest effect of heterosis is manifested by signs of large fertility, indicators of absolute growth of piglets. The best combination was the genotypes of pigs ♀ B.W. × ♂ (B.W.× D), ♀ B.W × ♂ (½ B.W. + ½ D × L). It is noted that the breed of Durok pigs is the most effective for the manifestation of the power of heterosis when creating crossbreeding boars. At the same time, the expediency and effectiveness of using the biologically active substance betaine in pig feeding were studied. A positive effect of betaine on growth and development indicators has been established. Piglets developed better, had higher absolute gains, and their preservation improved during rearing and fattening. It is worth noting that the efficiency of the pig industry depends on both the breeding process and the conditions and quality of pig feeding. The obtained results give reason to note: - the creation and use of local breeder boars on the basis of big white, landrace and durok breeds in industrial crossbreeding systems is an effective, biologically and economically justified method of breeding; - the highest effect of heterosis was manifested by the signs of large fertility and indicators of absolute growth during growing and fattening. Experimental studies on the study of quality indicators of slaughter and meat and fat products continue.
Automated quantification of Daphnia sp. population in water reservoirs using digital image processing
Authors: Klochko T. A. , Nosov K. V. , Hnoievyi I. V. , Hryhoriev O. Ya. , Bespalov Yu. H. , Babaryka I. H.
Published: February 2025

We propose a scientific and technical methodology for creating a preliminary procedure to remotely detect the presence of a substantial population of zooplankton filter feeders within a specific region of a reservoir. This detection is achieved through computer processing of digital photographs taken in that area. It is about a method involving the phototactic attraction of zooplankton using white light. The proposed approach entails computing correlations between the RGB model components of digital photographs taken in a phytobenthos area before and after zooplankton attraction using light. Subsequently, the systemic colorimetric parameters can be employed in the procedure for remotely detecting a substantial population of zooplankton filter feeders within a specific reservoir section. Specifically, we seek colorimetric parameters that mirror the developmental patterns outlined by Margalef’s model of succession. This investigation involves comparative analysis of correlation tables for RGB model components in digital photos taken before and after zooplankton attraction using white light. Our study focuses on Daphnia pulex. The study utilized digital photos obtained from aquarium experiments conducted under conditions simulating drone-based photography at a height of 1-2 meters above the water’s surface. The results are novel from the perspective of aquatic ecosystem ecology, as they provide a formalized description of changes in the systemic colorimetric parameters of Margalef’s model of succession. These changes are attributed to the influence of coloration on these systemic parameters within this specific waterplane ecosystem of zooplankton filter feeders. The applied significance of these results lies in identifying systemic colorimetric parameters that can be utilized in remote registration procedures to detect the environmental and biological presence of zooplankton filter feeders in specific areas of a reservoir. This is significant for water purification from bacterial suspensions and for establishing a natural food source for juvenile fish.
Effect of calcium propionate on structural indicators of lymphatic nodes of rats receiving a high-fat diet
Authors: Kravtsova M. , Oliyar A. , Lieshchova M.
Published: February 2025

Calcium propionate is an organic compound that is an approved food additive for use in the food industry as a preservative to extend the shelf life of food. It is also used as an additive in dry pet food to help prevent spoilage and the growth of mold. As a dietary supplement, calcium propionate significantly reduces cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, vascular dysfunction and hypertension. It increases resting energy expenditure by promoting lipid oxidation and plays an important role in reducing eating behavior, lowering total blood cholesterol and reducing intestinal absorption. The experiment was designed to study the effect of calcium propionate at different concentrations, administered to the high-fat diet of experimental animals, on the changes in the absolute weight and the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the tissue components of the somatic and visceral lymph nodes. Four groups of outbred adult male rats were formed for the study. During the 20-day experimental period, animals in the control group consumed a high-fat diet only, while those in the experimental groups received varying amounts of calcium propionate in supplementation: 1–0,5 %, 2–1,0 %, 3–2,0 %. The stromal and parenchymal tissue components of the popliteal and circumflex lymph nodes were quantified and characterized. Morphological studies confirm the efficacy of calcium propionate in correcting a high-fat diet. In the lymph nodes of laboratory rats fed a high-fat diet, thickening of the capsule and trabeculae, an increase in the amount of adipose tissue, thickening and deformation of the walls of blood vessels and their excessive blood filling, degradation and partial destruction of deep cortex units, and dilation of the medullary sinuses were observed. This increased the volume of the medulla, which was more pronounced in the visceral lymph nodes. When the diet supplemented with 2.0% calcium propionate was consumed, the absolute weight of the lymph nodes in the test animals was the highest, especially the paracolic lymph node. There was an increase in the amount of parenchyma in the lymph nodes and a decrease in the amount of stroma. The relationship between structural and functional zones of the parenchyma changed, as evidenced by a decrease in the volume of the internodular cortex and an increase in the number of deep cortex units. There were also alterations in histological structure: thinning of capsule and trabeculae, reduction in adipose tissue volume, blood vessels became moderately blood-filled, the arterial wall was not thickened, narrowing of the medullary sinuses, and proliferation of deep cortex units.
Pathology anatomical changes in the mute swan (Cygnus olor) in the fatal combination of gout and Erysipelotrix rhusopathiae infection
Authors: Liakhovich L. M. , Kochevenko O. S. , Ulianizka A. U. , Byrka O. V. , Simonenko S. I. , Zhylina V. M. , Kushch L. L.
Published: February 2025

The article presents data from a postmortem examination and a study of the mechanism of death of a mute swan that died from a combination of gout and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. The swan was bred and raised in captivity; compound feed for domestic poultry and periodically – minced meat was used in the ration of this bird. The swan died as a result of critical hypothermia associated with a meteorological drop in temperature and high humidity. A month and a half before death, the swan showed signs of hypodynamia, general weakness, poor appetite, and hypothermia. Gout in the swan was diagnosed postmortem. During the autopsy, extensive crystalline chalk-like deposits (urates) were found, in particular, with localization on visceral serous membranes and organ capsules. The most intense urate deposits were localized on the air sacs, liver capsule and pericardium. Pathologies important for the mechanism of swan death were diagnosed in the myocardium (signs of brown atrophy), on the heart valves (urate deposits in the form of massive vegetations classified as crystalline valvulitis) and in the extravalvular areas of the endocardium (sclerotic changes). Massive thrombi were found in the right ventricle of the swan's heart. In the main blood vessels and their visceral branches, total dilatational changes, in particular, caused by cold, are classified. Signs of venous stasis, hemorrhage, capsule ruptures with subcapsular hematomas were found in the liver. Signs of cyanosis, general cachexia, dehydration were observed in the swan. According to the severity of the lesions and their importance in the mechanism of death of the swan, cardiovascular pathology dominated. In the genesis of gout in the dead swan, dietary factors (protein-rich feed), hypodynamia and dehydration played a key role. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was found based on the results of genetic and molecular research of swan liver and spleen samples.
Survey of cellular mechanisms of nonspecific immunity in newborn calves with hypotrophy
Authors: Mogilyovskyy V. M. , Tymoshenko O. P. , Sobakar Yu. V.
Published: February 2025

The own immune defense in newborn calves is represented mainly by phagocytosis and lymphocytic reactions. The aim of the study was to investigate the cellular mechanisms of nonspecific immunity in hypotrophic calves. The material of the study was blood cells of newborn calves with hypotrophy (experimental). The results were compared with those of physiologically developed calves (control). The study was conducted using unified hematological, immunological and cytochemical methods. Hypotrophy was diagnosed by clinical and morphological signs. The content of WBCs, phagocytic reaction of neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil cationic proteins and their general bactericidality (NBT) were determined. The results obtained in calves with hypotrophy were compared with similar data in healthy calves. Hypotrophics had more (p<0.05) banded neutrophils (%) on day 1 – by 27.7; day 3 – by 31.2, day 6 – by 22.0 and day 9 – by 25.6, as well as segmented neutrophils, on day 1 – by 26.1 and on day 6 – by 69.6. The number of phagocytic neutrophils in hypotrophics was lower (p<0.05), on day 1 – by 55.7; day 3 – by 58.2; day 6 – by 66.2; day 9 – by 67.5 and day 12 – by 40.3%. The maximum decrease in myeloperoxidase activity in hypotrophs was found on day 3 - by 40 % (p<0.05). The content of cationic proteins in both groups of calves was lower than the norms, and in hypotrophics it was lower (p<0.05) than in the control, respectively, on day 6 - by 33.3; on day 9 - by 57.1 and on day 12 - by 40 %. The values of the unstimulated NВT were significantly lower (p<0.05) on day 6 – by 35.9 and on day 9 – by 24.3 %. The minimal decrease was found on day 6 – 7.30.5 units, and on day 12 the index exceeded the relevant value in control animals by 30.9% (p<0.05). Indicators of the stimulated NВT in hypotrophs were lower (p<0.05) on day 3 – by 34.7; on day 6 – by 48.1; on day 9 – by 49.8 and on day 12 – by 36 %. Thus, the nonspecific resistance of hypotrophic calves is characterised by a decrease in the basic enzymatic activity of neutrophils and their stimulation reserves.
Effectiveness of dry hypoallergenic grain-free nature’s protection superior care feed for celiac disease in dogs
Authors: Khilobok O. S.
Published: February 2025

Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) in dogs is a genetically determined immune-mediated disease resulting from intolerance to gluten – the protein part of cereal crops (wheat, barley and rye) that remains in flour after the starch has been removed. This mixture of proteins differs in solubility and ability to be extracted. Generally, wheat gluten in dog food is well digested but has low nutritional value due to its low lysine content, it is a suitable but not necessary ingredient in dog food. The Irish setter, terriers, schnauzers and cocker spaniels are main breeds of dogs that are considered to be more prone to celiac disease, the characteristic syndrome of which is malabsorption. Dogs of any age could suffer from this disease. In order to diagnose diseases with clinical signs of malabsorption syndrome, a comprehensive examination of the animal is recommended, including blood analysis, intestinal biopsy and other special studies. Treatment of animals with celiac disease should include the introduction of antimicrobial, enzyme, probiotic and, if necessary, glucocorticosteroid agents against the background of lifelong use of an agglutenous diet. Preventive measures for the progression of celiac disease with malabsorption syndrome and the development of severe irreversible complications, including T-cell lymphoma and other types of malignant neoplasms, are the timely detection of the disease and the appointment of an aglutenic diet. Nature's Protection Superior Care (Lithuania) is one of the super premium hypoallergenic gluten-free foods with easily digestible protein and Omega-3 fatty acids from the highest quality raw materials, developed for dogs with a sensitive digestive system.
Analisis Persepsi Mahasiswa Terhadap Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar pada Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi.
Authors: Vetri Yanti Zainal  , Vivien Detania  , Yuna Gobita Carolina  , Wisnu Ragil A
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam meningkatkan minat belajar di Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi. Metode deskripsi kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan melibatkan mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi yang masih aktif sebagai partisipan sedang menempuh pendidikan di sebuah perguruan tinggi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi partisipatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan minat belajar mahasiswa. Mahasiswa merasa lebih terlibat dan aktif dalam proses pembelajaran ketika teknologi informasi digunakan dengan efektif. Selain itu, teknologi informasi juga memfasilitasi akses yang lebih mudah terhadap sumber belajar yang relevan dan aktual. Namun, ditemukan pula beberapa tantangan dalam penggunaan teknologi informasi, seperti kendala teknis dan kurangnya kenyamanan dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran di Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi dapat meningkatkan minat belajar mahasiswa, namun perlu adanya dukungan dan pemahaman yang lebih baik dari pihak pengajar.
THE PRINCIPLE OF "FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY" IN THE ORGANIZATION OF OPEN PUBLIC SPACES IN CITIES
Authors: Husiev Mykyta
Published: February 2025

A study of the experience of developing open public spaces in cities has made it possible to identify common features of their functional and spatial organization. The organization of any open public space in cities is based on specific principles by which it is formed: general principles, as well as special principles. The theoretical and practical experience of organizing open public spaces in cities is analyzed, on the basis of which the common features of their functional and spatial organization are derived. The importance of forming an open public space of cities is shown by deriving specific principles of its organization. The principle of "functional diversity" is to fill open public urban space with functions that can interest and satisfy the social needs of as many different groups of people as possible, regardless of their status, condition, or age. The principle of "functional diversity" is considered in detail, and the techniques that reveal it are identified. The author lists which of the general and special principles of organization of open public spaces in cities can be identified using the techniques discussed in the article. On the example of the project implemented by the author, recommendations are given for the organization of open public spaces in cities based on techniques that reveal the principle of "functional diversity". The relevance of the issue of deriving specific principles for the organization of open public spaces in cities (in particular, the principle of "functional diversity" and the techniques that reveal it) is due to the need for methodological and practical recommendations on the physical and functional content of various types of open public spaces in cities for their activation, attraction of people and comfortable stay in them, taking into account the world experience of their functional and spatial organization.
Circ_0000003 Targets miR-615-3p to Affect Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Cisplatin Sensitivity
Authors: Luo Yu , Xiao Jianghua , Zeng Ruyuan , Zhou Bing , Fu Xin
Published: February 2025

Abstract:Objective: For probing the impacts of circ_0000003 on pernicious evolvement and cisplatin susceptibility of DDP-resistant cervical cancer (CC) HeLa cells and its acting theory. Methods: RT-qPCR method tested the contents of circ_0000003 and miR-615-3p in CC cells. The influences of circ_0000003 silence or over-expression of miR-615-3p on proliferative capacity and cisplatin sensitivity, or apoptosis of HeLa/DDP cells were authenticated utilizing MTT and flow cytometer. The levels of related proteins in HeLa/DDP cells were tested using western blot. Dual luciferase reporter analysis was proceeded for checking the targeting relation of circ_0000003 and miR-615-3p. Results: Circ_0000003 and miR-615-3p contents in CC cells were signally incremental and lowered, severally. Circ_0000003 reduction or miR-615-3p enhancement restrained OD value, and raised apoptotic ratio and DDP sensibility in HeLa/DDP cells. miR-615-3p content was adjusted by circ_0000003 and interplayed with it. Disturbance of miR-615-3p mitigated circ_0000003 silence-mediated impacts on the progress and DDP sensibility of HeLa/DDP cells. Conclusion: The suppression of circ_0000003 may inhibit HeLa/DDP cells proliferation, promote apoptosis and enhance cisplatin sensitivity by targeting and upregulating miR-615-3p.
Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Cardamonin on Periodontitis Rats via Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway Regulation
Authors: Lu Wenge , An Jing , Wang Jingjing
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This study investigates the therapeutic effects of cardamonin on periodontitis rats and its involvement in the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Fifty SD rats were divided into five groups: CON, MOD, L-CAR (15 mg/kg), H-CAR (60 mg/kg), and H-CAR+BRU (60 mg/kg + 2 mg/kg). ELISA was used to measure serum inflammatory and oxidative stress factors. Micro-CT assessed alveolar bone absorption, and HE staining evaluated periodontal tissue. TRAP staining was performed for osteoclast counting, and Western blot measured protein expression of OPG, RANKL, Nrf2, HO-1, and NLRP3.

Results showed that, compared to the CON group, rats in the MOD group exhibited gingival erosion, widened periodontal ligament space, and increased inflammatory infiltration, along with reduced alveolar bone parameters (Tb.N, Tb.Th) and lower serum antioxidant levels (SOD, GSH-Px). In contrast, the L-CAR and H-CAR groups showed improved tissue morphology, increased alveolar bone parameters, and enhanced antioxidant levels. These groups also exhibited upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1 and downregulation of NLRP3, RANKL, and osteoclast count. However, the H-CAR+BRU group showed exacerbated periodontal damage and further imbalance in inflammatory and bone resorption markers.

In conclusion, cardamonin exerts therapeutic effects on periodontitis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated inflammation and bone resorption.
Antipsoriatic Potentials of Aloe vera Gel on HaCaT Cells With Studying Some Physical Parameters, Phytochemical, and Biological Activities Against Multiple Microbial Pathogens
Authors: Sami Rokayya
Published: February 2025

Aloe vera gel is popular as a beauty product, laxative, and herbal medicine, including antipsoriatic and therapeutic properties with antimicrobial activities. Aloe vera gel has been detected for the antipsoriatic potentials, some physical parameters, phytochemical, and biological activities against multiple microbial pathogens. HaCaT cells treated with 100 µg/ml demonstrated the most inhibition 71.55 % followed by 50 µg/ml treatment which reported 69.05 % against the psoriatic cells. Color index was recorded (33.52, 7.88, and 35.78) for L*, a*, and b*, respectively. The results indicated that only mannose and glucose were the main sugar components (85.98 % and 13.55 %). Results showed that the most abundant flavonoid was kaempefrol (6770 mg/kg) followed by myricetin (12.10 mg/kg) and quercetin (4.22 mg/kg). Aloe vera gel extract at a concentration of 500 µg/mL showed the maximum scavenging ability 90.83 %, followed by 84.19 % and 84.01 % for the other concentrations 20 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL, respectively, Using Aleo vera gel detected higher values than the commercial inulin oligofructan which recorded (2.44, 2.58, and 2.99 fold increase) and (0.88, 0.78, and 0.77 fold increase) for L. plantarum, L. fermentum, and L. casei, respectively. The Aloe vera gel at the concentration of 100 μg/ml reported a 20.25 mm diameter zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli, followed by 22.47 and 23.58 mm zone of inhibition against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. More researches are needed to fully understand the adaptability of Aloe vera extracts, which hold promise for pharmacological and nutrition-related applications.
Fostering Entrepreneurship and MSME Development through Targeted Interventions: Lessons from India’s Experience with MUDRA, Stand-up India, and Startup India
Authors: Satsangi Neetu Singh , Raghuwanshi Sandeep , Hasan Arif , Sushma R. , Tare Unmekha , Khan Danish , Kumar Prabhat , Singhal Abhishek
Published: February 2025

This study examines the role of selected Entrepreneurship Development Programs (EDPs) in promoting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in India. Using secondary data from government sources, the study analyzes the performance of three key schemes: MUDRA, Stand-up India, and Startup India. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis are employed to assess the impact of these schemes on MSME growth indicators such as amount sanctioned, accounts created, and jobs reported. The findings suggest that the selected EDPs have a significant positive impact on MSME growth, with MUDRA emerging as the most effective scheme. The study provides important implications for policy makers and other stakeholders involved in promoting entrepreneurship and MSME development in India. However, the results should be interpreted in light of certain limitations such as the reliance on secondary data and the focus on a limited set of EDPs.
The Role of Financial Development in Poverty and Income Distribution Dynamics in ASEAN Countries: A Panel Cointegration Analysis
Authors: Soh Tuan Muhammad Amir Amirul Tuan , Zainuddin Muhamad Rias K. V. , Mohamad Abdul Hayy Haziq , Arifin Arifin , Azam Abdul Hafizh Mohd
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of financial development on income equality and poverty reduction in selected Southeast Asian countries. This study utilizes the Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (Panel ARDL) method. In addition, the researcher also used the statistical descriptive method, the unit root test method to measure the stationarity of variables, and the cointegration panel method to measure the cointegration between the dependent variable and the independent variable. The results of the study obtained from the panel analysis found that financial development can reduce income inequality in selected ASEAN countries, but there is no implication for poverty. For the short run ARDL results in each country, financial development has a positive impact on poverty for Indonesia and Singapore and can reduce the income gap for Singapore and Thailand. However, the findings for Philippines show that financial development exacerbates income inequality and poverty. Finally, the role of the government and the central bank in each ASEAN country is very important in ensuring that financial development can have a positive impact on poverty reduction and income equality for ASEAN countries.
Loan Loss Provisioning and Profitability of the Private Commercial Banks of Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Afrin , Jalloh Talatu
Published: February 2025

Loan Loss Provisioning is a major regulatory requirement for banks to maintain the stability of financial performance. In Bangladesh, non-performing loans (NPLs), are considered as the biggest challenge of the banking sector. Thus, loan loss provisioning has been an obligatory as well as financial risk management tool for the banks. This study aims to find out the impact of loan loss provisioning on the banks’ profitability measured in terms of ROA and ROE. The study covers twenty private commercial banks operating in Bangladesh. The study concentrated the bank specific variables such as bank size, the proportion of total loans and advances disbursed of total assets, current liabilities to total assets, total deposits to total assets. Besides, the control variables include the governance index and the inflation level. The findings demonstrate loan loss provision has significant impact on the banks’ profitability in Bangladesh.
The Effect of Improving Risk Management as a Mediator Variable in the Relationship between the Modern Approach to Internal Auditing and Competitive Advantage: A Study in Yemeni Islamic Banks
Authors: Attaf Wala Farid , Bensbahou Aziz
Published: February 2025

This study explores the effect of the risk-based internal audit (RBIA) approach on enhancing competitive advantage in Yemeni Islamic banks, focusing on the mediating role of improved risk management. Conducted on a sample of eight Islamic banks operating in Aden, data was gathered using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS. The analysis employed linear regression for direct relationships, ANOVA to confirm model significance, and the Baron and Kenny method alongside the Sobel test to examine mediation effects. Findings revealed that the RBIA approach has a statistically significant direct effect on supporting competitive advantage, accounting for 28.3% of the variation. When incorporating improved risk management as a mediating variable, this influence increased to 75%, confirming a partial mediation effect. The study underscores the necessity for Yemeni Islamic banks to fully implement RBIA and align it with risk management practices, particularly in risk identification, assessment, and mitigation. These strategies are critical for strengthening banks’ competitive positioning and resilience in the evolving financial landscape. The study provides actionable insights for Islamic banks in emerging markets, emphasizing the strategic value of integrating advanced auditing approaches with risk management to achieve sustainable growth.
The Growth Rate Distribution of Firms: A Dynamic Model
Authors: Kaldasch Joachim
Published: February 2025

The paper introduces a dynamic model for firm growth, demonstrating that Gibrat’s law is associated with a Laplace distribution of growth rates. By considering the relationship between size and growth rate, the analytical model predicts heavier tails than those observed in the Laplace distribution, indicating that Gibrat’s law is not generally applicable. The theory is validated through an analysis of companies in the pharmaceutical sector, showing strong alignment with empirical data without the need for free parameters.
Female University Students and Fintech Literacy: Evidence from Somalia
Authors: Abdulle Mohamed Abdirahman , Kulmie Dayah Abdi , Awale Abdirahman Abdinur , Ibrahim Mohamed Salad , Adan Abdullahi Tahlil
Published: February 2025

Fintech, a field encompassing digital banking, payments, and investment management, has revolutionized financial services by making them more accessible, convenient, and efficient. The growth of Fintech is driven by advanced technologies such as blockchain, IoT, AI, and robo-advisors, while also posing challenges for regulators and market participants. Fintech research is essential for driving innovation, shaping the future of finance, and addressing emerging challenges. This study examines the awareness and knowledge of Fintech concepts among female university students in Somalia. Using a quantitative cross-sectional research design, 92 students from four universities were surveyed to assess their familiarity with key Fintech topics, including blockchain, smart contracts, neo-banking, and cloud computing. The findings reveal significant gaps in Fintech literacy, with a majority of students showing limited awareness of emerging technologies. While 63% of students expressed the need for a dedicated Fintech course, only 32.6% felt adequately prepared for the Fintech industry. Regression analysis indicated that a student’s major significantly influences their Fintech knowledge. The study highlights the need for curriculum reform and improved resources to enhance Fintech education in Somalia.
Trade Performance and Specialization Dynamics of the Five Most Traded Products between Bangladesh and the Rest of the SAARC Countries
Authors: Sumi Asma Akter , Hossain Md. Monzur , Islam Md. Sohanul , Acharjee Partha , Hossain Md Shafiul , Bairagi Mithun
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on the trade specialization of significant products in Bangladesh’s trade basket from 2008 to 2021 in forming SAFTA under SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation). The study utilized the Lafay Index to identify trade specialization; the prime products of Bangladesh are determined based on the continuous presence of any specific product within the list of top 10 products of Bangladesh each year during the study period. The study concluded that four of the five significant products are from the Garments sector, and the remaining one is from the Vegetable Oil sector. The significant products identified exhibited a relatively high degree of trade specialization in the context of SAARC and faced stiff competition from its neighbouring country, India. The post hoc Games-Howell test also revealed that most of the differences are statistically significant for all the major products. Based on the findings, this paper also offered the policy prescription for SAFTA. This research looks at the dynamics of specialisation and trade performance in Bangladesh in comparison to other SAARC countries. It helps shed light on the trading dynamics inside one of the most populous and economically varied areas of the world by centring on the local setting.
The Impact of Public Government Spending on Public Debt in the Iraqi Economy
Authors: Alhamdany Saad Noori , Alhamdany Mohammed Noori , Obed Muhannad Khalifa , Alhamdany Saba Noori
Published: February 2025

Nations that depend intensely on external incomes, such as oil, and lack income broadening, financial changes, or a decrease in product costs, may resort to increased borrowing to cover money-related shortfalls. The investigation aims to illustrate the effect of the relationship between government investment and open obligation in Iraq by measuring this relationship and knowing the extent to which government investment impacts both residential and outside obligations. The study reveals a reverse relationship between venture investing and household obligations, a converse relationship between customer investing and external obligations in the short term, and a reverse relationship between them in the long term. The study also suggests that significant progress should be made in improving investing proficiency. The focus should be on enhancing the proficiency of government investing, eliminating waste and degradation, coordinating investments towards ventures with high financial and social returns, broadening sources of revenue, lessening dependence on a single source of salary such as oil, and expanding financial diversity.
Role of Market Liquidity in Sentiment-Based Return Predictions: Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Dissnayake D. M. T. R. , Nanayakkara N. S.
Published: February 2025

Behavioural finance theories contend that market anomalies, driven by human biases and heuristics, link liquidity to investor sentiment in asset markets. The irrational investor underreaction increases liquidity and explains the time-series relationship between liquidity and market returns. Based on data from the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE), this study examines the extent to which market-wide illiquidity and sentiment proxied by turnover measure can forecast the short-term expected returns of the frontier market Sri Lanka during the period 2010-2021, using OLS time series regression methodology. Research findings show that investor sentiment proxied by turnover is positively related to expected market returns, contrary to the observations based on the US market. Regression estimates indicate that expected illiquidity significantly negatively impacts expected returns in a value-weighted specification. Unexpected illiquidity shocks depress the contemporaneous market returns. Small-cap stock returns show greater sensitivity to market illiquidity indicating that they face greater illiquidity risk compared to large-cap stocks. These findings offer insight into how investor sentiment can influence market liquidity and the impact of liquidity risk pricing on market returns over time in a frontier market.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: The Moderating Role of Firm Size
Authors: Fiana Fiana , Endri Endri
Published: February 2025

The study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and other bank-specific factors, namely Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), and Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR) on financial performance moderated by company size. Financial performance is proxied by Return on Asset (ROA). The research sample consisted of 13 conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023. The study’s results found that CAR negatively impacted ROA, but if interacted with company size, the relationship became positive. NPL had a negative effect on ROA in a model without a moderator role, and vice versa; it had a positive impact. The interaction of NPL and company size had a negative effect on ROA. LDR had a negative relationship with ROA, but if it interacted with company size, it had a positive impact. CSR positively impacted ROA in a model without moderation, but vice versa had a significant relationship. The interaction of CSR with company size also had no impact on ROA. Company size directly affected ROA. The implications of the empirical findings provide recommendations for policymakers, corporate management, academics, and investors to pay attention to the importance of CSR practices and specific factors to improve bank financial performance.
Pengaruh Green Product, Green Advertising dan Green Trust Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Avoskin di Shopee (Studi Pada Pelanggan Avoskin di Shopee)
Authors: Hafizah Ummi
Published: February 2025

Tujuan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh green product, green advertising dan green trust terhadap keputusan pembelian.
Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 150 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner.   Analisis   ini   menggunakan    Partial    Least    Square    (PLS)    dengan software SmartPLS 4.0
Hasil. Penelitian ini memberikan bukti temuan bahwa 1)Terdapat pengaruh tidak signifikan green product terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Avoskin di Shopee. 2)Terdapat pengaruh signifikan green product terhadap keputusan pembelian di mediasi green trust pada produk Avoskin di Shopee. 3)Terdapat pengaruh tidak signifikan green advertising terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Avoskin di Shopee. 4)Terdapat pengaruh signifikan green advertising terhadap keputusan pembelian di mediasi green trust pada produk Avoskin di Shopee. 5)Terdapat pengaruh signifikan green trust terhadap keputusan pembelian produk Avoskin di Shopee.
Implikasi. Green product dan green advertising memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian. Oleh karena itu, pihak Avoskin perlu memonitor kemasan produknya dan dapat memuat green advertising yang mudah dipahami.
ECONOMIC ASPECTSOF SEMI HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY SERVICE DEVELOPMENTIN UKRAINE
Authors: Savytskyi Eduard , Shemayev Volodymyr
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the current state of semi high-speed railway service in Ukraine and explores the economic aspects for its further development. The actuality of thechosen topic lies in the fact that the development of semi high-speed railway service is a strategic aspect of the modernization of railway infrastructure and the development of the national economy, and semi high-speed railway transport can become an effective tool for activating economic processes and increasing the mobility of the population of Ukraine, ensuring reliable connections between regions and restoring important transport corridors. The article analyzes the current situation in the field of semi high-speed railway service in Ukraine, studies the structure, dynamics and forecasts of passenger transportation by semi high-speed electric trains, outlines the economic and social benefits of the introduction of semi high-speed railway service and identifies current problems that complicate its development. It is noted that limited opportunities for updating passenger rolling stock cause problems with the reliability of the transport system as a whole, and one of the most important problem that limits the expansion of the semi high-speed transport network and prevents the launch of new routes is the insufficient number of semi high-speed trains. It is considered that one of the tools that will allow significantly expanding the fleet of semi high-speed electric trains in Ukraine is a project of procurement of 20 semi high-speed electric trains of Korean production at the expense of a concessional loanfrom the Economic Development Cooperation Fund of the Export-Import Bank of the Republic of Korea (EDCF) within the implementation of the Framework Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of Korea regarding loans from the EDCF for 2024-2029. Using the PEST-analysis methodology, a number of arguments in favor of the implementation of the specified project were identified, according to the results of which the project was recognized as expedient for implementation and necessary from the point of view of maintaining critical infrastructure in good conditions.
MODERN CAR INSURANCE SYSTEM IN UKRAINE
Authors: Kovova Iryna , Sorokopud Anastasia
Published: February 2025

The article structures the car insurance system in Ukraine under the influence of legislative changes in 2024. In particular, the category of the automobile insurance system is defined as a set of interrelated elements that make up the objects of insurance, classes and branches of insurance represented on the insurance market and the main source of risk of which can be both the car itself and its management, as well as everything related to road transport processes.The general structure of the car insurance system in Ukraine was developed and its components were considered, among which were determined (3 insurance branches, 3 insurance objects, 4 classes of insurance, 2 types of insurance and 6 insurance products). The authors considered themain six insurance products that belong to the auto insurance sector in Ukraine as of December 2024. For each insurance product, the risks covered by this product and the beneficiaries to receive insurance compensation under the specified insurance product are defined. The difference between cargo insurance and carrier liability insurance is revealed.If an insured event occurs during transportation, the insurance company compensate the carrier for the losses, and the cargo owner recover the losses from the carrier through negotiation or litigation.If property (cargo) is insured by the owner of the cargo, then the insurance company compensates the insured for the loss in the event of an insured event, and the insured have the right to recourse against the carrier, regardless of whether the carrier has a CMR policy.For each insurance product, regulatory acts are defined that regulate it at the international, legislative or domestic level of the insurer. The formation of insurance tariffs and liability limits for auto insurance products in Ukraine is considered. Summarizing conclusions were made regarding the compliance of the auto insurance sector with international requirements and the optimization of insurance products during the martial law in Ukraine.
CUSTOMER LOGISTICS SERVICE: APPLICABLE ASPECTS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hirna Olha , Petlyakivskyi Ostap ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: February 2025

The article explores the theoretical foundations and applied aspects of logistics services, their impact on enterprise efficiency, and practical tools for achieving high-quality customer service. An analysis of literary sources highlights the diversity of approaches to interpreting the concept of "logistics services." The primary focus is on the breadth of logistics services, encompassing a wide range of activities to deliver logistics solutions to consumers, ensuring timely delivery at minimal costs. A distinctive feature of the modern stage is integrating innovative logistics management methods, with digital technologies and automation playing a central role. The practical section of the study examines the operations of LLC "Trans-Service-1," a leading transport and logistics company in Ukraine. Particular attention is given to the company's activities in the logistics services segment for cargo transport car washes, illustrating the applied significance of logistics services. The unique characteristics of car washes for cargo transport are analyzed, including a detailed cost structure breakdown. The optimal number of service channels was determined using mathematical tools, specifically queue theory, to address queues and downtime at car washes. The benefits of applying queue theory in logistics services are demonstrated, including resource optimization, increased productivity, flexibility during peak periods, risk mitigation, and investment justification. The authors calculated several key indicators to evaluate customer service at car washes, such as the average number of customers served, the average number of customers in the system, system load, average waiting time in the queue, and average time in the system. Additionally, the cost structure for washing various types of freight transport was analyzed. Overall, using modern equipment, innovative technologies, and adherence to environmental standards enables enterprises to enhance operational efficiency and reduce costs. Furthermore, applying queue theory for optimizing car wash operations contributes to shorter customer wait times, improved productivity, and more efficient resource utilization.