bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of an Antistick Phospholipid Solution on Bipolar Electrocautery Efficacy in Rhytidectomy
Authors: Roy Sudeep , Buckingham Hannah , Buckingham Edward
Published: March 2017

Ensuring adequate intraoperative hemostasis is crucial in avoiding serious complications of rhytidectomy surgery such as hematoma formation and skin flap necrosis. Charring of bipolar electrocautery arms can lead to ineffective hemostasis, frequent wiping to ensure hemostatic efficacy and prolonged operative time. We investigate the impact of a commercially available antistick coating solution (Electro Lube) on intraoperative wiping frequency of bipolar electrocautery arms and operative time for rhytidectomy procedures. Fifty patients undergoing rhytidectomy were prospectively enrolled in a randomized, split-face study. All patients enrolled were seen and evaluated in a private facial plastic and reconstructive surgery practice, and were operated on by a single surgeon in either an accredited ambulatory surgical center under deep, intravenous sedation or in a monitored office setting under light, oral sedation. Electro Lube was utilized to coat bipolar electrocautery arms for one side of the rhytidectomy procedure on each patient, letting the contralateral side serve as control. Total number of wipes to clean the cauterizing arms of the bipolar cautery per procedure was counted, and operative time, from skin incision to skin trimming, was measured. Total wipe count in the intervention group (n = 50) was 13 (0.26 wipes/procedure) versus 47 in the control group (n = 50) (0.94 wipes/procedure), a difference that was found to be statistically significant ( P = .0013). Average operative time in the intervention group was 27.52 minutes versus 28.35 minutes in the control group. This difference was also found to be statistically significant ( P = .043). The use of Electro Lube to coat bipolar electrocautery arms may have clinical utility to simplify and reduce intraoperative wiping and shorten operative time in rhytidectomy procedures and other cosmetic or reconstructive procedures where frequent use of bipolar electrocautery to maintain intraoperative hemostasis is crucial.
Bystander Interventions on Behalf of Sexual Assault and Intimate Partner Violence Victims
Authors: Weitzman Abigail , Cowan Sarah , Walsh Kate
Published: March 2017

Using newly available U.S. nationally representative data from the No More study ( N = 1,307), this article investigates (a) knowledge of sexual assault and intimate partner violence (IPV) victims within one’s social network; (b) who intervenes, whom they intervene on behalf of, and how they intervene; and (c) the perceived barriers to intervening in IPV specifically. The findings reveal that knowledge of violence, the likelihood of intervening, and the intervention approaches taken all vary demographically and by violence type. Among respondents who have known a victim, one- third report having intervened for sexual assault, while one-half report having intervened for IPV. For both types of violence, respondents are more likely to have intervened on behalf of family or friends than on behalf of more distant network members. However, respondents are more likely to have solicited the help of authorities and less likely to have offered safe haven in instances of sexual assault than in instances of IPV. The most commonly cited barriers to IPV intervention include fear of injury, fear of misinterpretation, and belief that IPV is a private matter, though these vary across demographic groups. These findings indicate that the decision to intervene is highly contextual—contingent on the individual characteristics of the intervener, situational characteristics of the violence, and the relationship between the intervener and the victim.
Effect of the National Diabetes Prevention Program on Weight Loss for English- and Spanish-Speaking Latinos
Authors: Ritchie Natalie D. , Christoe-Frazier Liesel , McFann Kim K. , Havranek Edward P. , Pereira Rocio I.
Published: March 2017

Purpose:

To study the effect of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) on weight loss in Latinos.

Design:

No-control, cohort study comparing Latino and non-Hispanic white (NHW) participants.

Setting:

A health-care system.

Participants:

Five hundred sixty-seven Latino and 175 NHW patients who enrolled in the NDPP. A total of 45.2% of Latinos selected the Spanish-language NDPP.

Intervention:

The NDPP is a nationwide translation of a clinical trial and seeks to prevent diabetes through weight loss in a yearlong group program.

Measures:

Independent variables included ethnicity, class language, and number of sessions attended. Main outcomes were initial attendance, number of sessions attended, and weight loss.

Analysis:

Multivariate logistic regression and analysis of covariance were used to determine differences in NDPP outcomes by ethnicity, language, and number of sessions attended.

Results:

Mean attendance was 8.60 of 22 sessions. Each session was associated with 0.30% (±0.02; P < .001) body weight loss. Latinos were half as likely to attend as NHWs, odds ratio 0.52 ( P < .001). Latino attendees came to 2.67 ± 0.63 ( P < .001) fewer sessions than NHWs. There were no weight loss differences by ethnicity after controlling for attendance. Outcomes did not differ among Latinos in the English- and Spanish-language NDPP.

Conclusion:

Latinos appeared to benefit less from the NDPP compared to NHWs, likely due to lower attendance rates. Further efforts are needed to support their participation.
Exclusive Development(s): Special Economic Zones and Enclave Urbanism in the Philippines
Authors: Kleibert Jana M.
Published: March 2017

Special economic zones (SEZs) and gated communities both constitute ‘spaces of exception’, but have rarely been analysed together. As both processes have empirically converged in the form of mixed-use urban enclaves, I connect disparate literatures to understand the fragmented and exclusive nature of the Philippines’ economic development in general, and Metro Manila’s urbanization trajectory in particular. Based on grounded qualitative research, I explicate the rise of ‘spaces of exception 2.0’ that form globally connected but locally disembedded wealthy enclaves. I show how the integration of the Philippines into global capital flows, its historically grown ‘anti-developmental’ state, and the rise of a powerful real estate sector together have led to a proliferation of exclusive and exceptional spaces. The contemporary enclave spaces epitomize an urban and national development model of ‘exclusive development’, based on spatial processes of post-industrial capital accumulation in enclosed spaces, presenting a stark contrast with discourses on inclusive development.
Case Report of Ipilimumab-Induced Diffuse, Nonnecrotizing Granulomatous Lymphadenitis and Granulomatous Vasculitis
Authors: Arellano Kari , Mosley James C. , Moore Donald C.
Published: March 2017

Ipilimumab is indicated for the treatment of melanoma in both the metastatic and adjuvant setting. Ipilimumab inhibits cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, leading to the augmentation of T-cell activity and an antitumor immune system response. The side effect profile of ipilimumab consists of autoimmune-like events such as dermatitis, colitis, and thyroiditis. These immune-related adverse events can be serious, often resulting in the need for systemic immunosuppression with corticosteroids. We present a case of diffuse, nonnecrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis and granulomatous vasculitis in a heavily pretreated patient with metastatic melanoma. After completion of 4 cycles of ipilimumab for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, our patient complained of increasing fatigue, drenching night sweats, and chills. Imaging revealed diffuse adenopathy involving several lymph nodes. Biopsy was positive for nonnecrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis and granulomatous vasculitis. High-dose prednisone was initiated and tapered gradually over 6 weeks, resulting in complete resolution of the granulomatous disease.
White–Black Differences in Cancer Incidence, Stage at Diagnosis, and Survival Among Older Adults
Authors: Krok-Schoen Jessica L. , Fisher James L. , Baltic Ryan D. , Paskett Electra D.
Published: March 2017

Objective: To identify potential White–Black differences in cancer incidence rates, stage at diagnosis, and relative survival probabilities among older adults using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Method: Differences in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and 5-year relative survival probability were examined for cases diagnosed within the most recent 5-year period and over time for cases diagnosed from 1973 to 2013 (incidence only) for older White and Black adults. Results: Among adults aged 65 to 74, 75 to 84, and 85 years and older, Black adults had higher cancer incidence rates per 100,000 than White males from 1973 to 2013, respectively. Late stage and unstaged cancers were more common among Black adults in each of the three age groups compared with Whites. Five-year relative survival probability for all invasive cancers combined was higher for Whites than Blacks in each of the three age groups. Discussion: Continued efforts are needed to reduce racial disparities in cancer incidence and mortality among older adults.
Person, psychologist, and psychology suspended in a phase 1 science
Authors: Fisher Harwood
Published: March 2017

Is a psychology of the “person” a science? An art? Or is it a case of a “phase 1 science”—with its own logical rules and with a continuous character of changeability? Can it be any other than this, if the concept of a psychological person is always derived from a particular and always subject to its changeability? In a suspended phase 1 science, the psychologist’s role as a person, who is a thinker, is central. The psychologist’s thinking about the concept of the person is continuously engaged. It remains open to re-focus and to changes in its relation to other concepts and to target phenomena. Changes in the psychologist’s thinking keep discovery a dynamic process; yet move psychological concepts closer to accommodating scientific goals. A logical framework, which can accommodate this discovery mode, can achieve two contrary goals: changeability versus increased accommodation of scientific goals of sharpening hypotheses.
Explaining cross-national variation in workplace employee representation
Authors: Forth John , Bryson Alex , George Anitha
Published: March 2017

Debates on the desirability of workplace employee representation are rarely evidence based. We use a workplace survey covering 27 EU countries to show that its incidence is strongly and independently correlated with the degree of centralization in a country’s industrial relations regime and the extent of legislative support. Industry profits are important in explaining trade union presence but are unimportant in the case of works councils. We find support for the exit-voice model, traditionally associated with Anglophone regimes, whereby worker representation is associated with poorer perceptions of the employment relations climate and with lower voluntary quit rates.
The effects of PLCMFs on the increase of users according to community type in South Korea
Authors: Lim Ho-kyun , Seo Dong-hoon
Published: March 2017

This paper presents research on how multiple facilities contribute to the planning of public libraries by analyzing characteristics that improve the numbers of public library users in terms of their community type. This research discusses the characteristics of multiple facilities considered most effective, as well as the factors that result in increases in the use of public libraries through a comparative analysis of the number of public library users. The research shows that the number of public library uses per person and number of books borrowed per person from public libraries combined with multiple facilities (PLCMF) were relatively higher than those of stand-alone public libraries. PLCMFs are shown to be more effective in increasing usage. Further, a public library combined with a sports facility showed the highest increase in public library users. It is concluded that combining public libraries with more than two facilities is a more efficient way of increasing public library users than combining public libraries with a single facility in a city. The characteristics discussed in this research can be utilized as positive planning factors for increasing the number of people using public libraries.
Knowing One’s Place
Authors: Hutchison Emily J.
Published: March 2017

Between April and July 1413, a large group of Parisians led the violent Cabochien Uprising. This revolt has been positioned primarily as an extension of civil war politics between the Burgundians and the Armagnacs. I argue that it was far more than that; it was a meaningful example of political resistance and an extraordinary event that nonetheless borrowed from everyday practices of civil autonomy and agency. In drawing from but moving beyond the civil war narrative, I examine the importance of urban spatial tactics, voice and violence in this rebellion. This approach enables us to discern what opportunities were available to early fifteenth-century Parisians to directly challenge their exclusion from politics, and to carve out a place of importance for their voices. Moreover, the same source material for the rebellion also illuminates the established systems, the spaces and the habits that empowered Parisians in the day-to-day. It was these conditions that provided the scaffolding for their rebellion, and they reveal strong tension between the king’s sovereign authority and his subjects’ autonomy. These complicated dynamics limited the king’s actual power in the streets, and suggest that Parisians could lay claim to more independence than we have previous considered.
Earthrise
Authors: McClure Julia
Published: March 2017

This article uses Franciscan history to explore an alternative approach to global history. Following Benjamin Lazier’s observations about ‘Earthrise’, which showed that images of the world have been entangled with intellectual and political discourses, this article explores the Franciscans’ own Earthrise perspective which can be traced in the spiritual and mystical writings produced in the late Middle Ages. The aim of this article is not only to contest the kind of periodisation which has seen the global turn and ‘global era’ as peculiarly ‘modern’, but to suggest that any study of the ‘global’ must incorporate an analysis of the multilayered nature of that concept. It suggests that the global is not so much a scale as an idea, and considers how the hyper-local place of the body can be a site for realising a global vision.
An Overview of Ottoman Archival Documents and Their Relevance for Medieval Indian History
Authors: Farooqi N. R.
Published: March 2017

The significance of Ottoman archives for the reconstruction of Europe’s past is well known but its relevance for the study of Medieval Indian History has so far eluded the attention and interest of Indian historians. Several series of documents preserved in the Turkish National Archives (Başbakanlik Devlet Arşivi) in Istanbul, especially Mühimme Defterleri, Name-i Hümayun Defterleri and Tapu Tahrir Defterleri, can yield significant dividends for understanding many little known or even unknown episodes of India’s medieval past. This article explores the nature of the documents available in the Turkish archives and underscores the utility of some of these documents for unravelling certain unknown facets of the journey of the Indian pilgrims, including the ladies of Emperor Akbar’s harem, to the Hijaz along with the Mughal Hajj caravans in the 1570s. The article also examines four select documents available in this archive. Three of these documents furnish so far unknown evidence on the history of medieval Gujarat, Kerala and Ahmad Nagar respectively, while the fourth provides significant information regarding Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar’s relations with the Ottoman Empire.
The changing face of posttraumatic stress disorder in modern warfare
Authors: Wallace Duncan , Heffernan Kristi
Published: March 2017

Objectives:

This study examined aspects of modern warfare and determined whether they have changed the clinical presentation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Conclusions:

The relationship between PTSD, mild traumatic brain injury, unmanned aerial vehicle operations and women in combat examined. It was concluded that there are significant changes in how contemporary combat veterans may present with PTSD.
“I’m Trying To Be the Safety Net”: Family Protection of Patients With Moderate-To-Severe TBI During the Hospital Stay
Authors: Oyesanya Tolu O. , Bowers Barbara
Published: March 2017

Research has shown that during hospital stay, family caregivers of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) perceive that their role is to protect the patient; however, research on this topic is limited. The purpose of this article is to describe family caregivers’ experience of protecting patients with TBI during the hospital stay. Grounded theory was used to conduct 24 interviews with 16 family caregivers. Findings showed family caregivers worked to protect the patient’s physical and emotional safety, using the following strategies: (a) influencing the selection of staff, (b) breaking the patient’s bad habits, (c) anticipating how to orchestrate the home environment; (d) connecting on an emotional level, (e) managing visitors, and (f) connecting on an emtoional level. The findings have practice implications for educating interdisciplinary health care providers about the experience of family caregivers and for developing an adversarial alliance between health care providers and family caregivers during the hospital stay to improve support provided to them.
Human Side of Collaborative Partnerships
Authors: Liu Yipeng , Sarala Riikka M. , Xing Yijun , Cooper Sir Cary L.
Published: March 2017

The research on collaborative partnerships has accumulated a vast body of knowledge, which has assisted us with comprehending several complex organizational phenomena, including mergers and acquisitions, strategic alliances, joint ventures, and entrepreneurial partnerships. Yet, the existing studies have not paid sufficient attention to the human side factors. We join the current conversation within the microfoundations perspective of management and organization studies by suggesting that investigating the human side factors as the microfoundations of collaborative partnerships can advance our collective understanding of the phenomena in important ways. This article has three general objectives. First, we show that collaborative partnerships have been a long-standing issue in management and organization studies and provide an overview of the puzzles that informed and motivated this special issue. Second, we highlight the key insights and contributions of the articles included in this special issue by reviewing their theoretical underpinnings, methodological approaches, and findings. Finally, we outline a future research agenda on the human side of collaborative partnerships that can help advance management and organization studies.
Boundary Spanners in Global Partnerships
Authors: Søderberg Anne-Marie , Romani Laurence
Published: March 2017

Western companies’ outsourcing of projects to emergent markets is increasingly being replaced by strategic partnerships that require close collaboration between clients and vendors. This study focuses on interorganizational boundary-spanning activities in the context of global information technology (IT) development projects from the rare perspective of Indian vendor managers in one of the world’s largest IT service companies. It draws on a qualitative study of a collaborative partnership and focuses on the key boundary spanners who are responsible for developing trustful and sustainable client relationships and coordinating highly complex projects. We analyze vendor managers’ narratives of their collaboration with a European client in a long-term project, which is presented as a strategic partnership in an outsourcing 3.0 mode. The study offers a rich and conceptualized account of those managers’ boundary-spanning activities and a context-sensitive understanding of their boundary work. The study applies Bourdieu’s concept of capital (economic, cultural, social, and symbolic) not only in its analysis of the two powerful partners but also in its discussion of the boundary-spanning activities that are reported. The analysis demonstrates the coexistence of transactive and transformative modes of collaboration in the studied case. It reveals both the importance of partner status and the impact of that status on the forms of boundary-spanning activities in which the partners engage. Finally, this study suggests new research questions that will promote an understanding of both transactive and transformative boundary spanning and the reciprocity of boundary-spanning activities between vendor and client in a global collaborative partnership.
The Role of Economic Development and Perceived Growth Opportunities in Employee Reactions to M&As
Authors: Paustian-Underdahl Samantha C. , Fainshmidt Stav , Sanchez Juan I. , Misati Everlyne , Zhao Yue , Zhang Haiyan
Published: March 2017

We draw on the economic institutions literature and on transactional stress theory to explain differences in employee reactions to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) across 29 nations. Using a sample of 10,803 middle managers and executives, we find that country-level economic development moderates the effects of an M&A on employee attitudes and outcomes. Unlike in more advanced economies where M&As are associated with a reduction in perceived growth opportunities among employees, in less advanced economies, M&As are associated with increased perceptions of growth opportunities. These perceived growth opportunities post-M&A are associated with positive employee outcomes such as work–life balance, job satisfaction, organizational satisfaction, and reduced turnover intentions. Our results highlight the role that growth opportunities and the economic context play in harnessing human capital after an M&A.
The Relationship between Genes, Personality Traits, and Political Interest
Authors: Weinschenk Aaron C. , Dawes Christopher T.
Published: March 2017

Political interest is one of the strongest predictors of individual political engagement, but little is known about the origins of this political orientation. The goal of this paper is to clarify the role that biological and psychological factors play in the formation of political interest. A series of recent studies in genetics have illustrated that political interest is heritable, and a series of recent studies in political science and psychology have demonstrated that personality traits, many of which are heritable, are related to political interest. In this paper, we make a number of contributions to the literature: (1) we replicate previous analyses showing that political interest and personality traits are heritable, (2) we demonstrate that personality traits are related to interest, and (3) we estimate the extent to which genetic factors account for the correlation between personality traits and political interest. Using two datasets on twins, we find evidence that genetic factors account for a large amount of the correlation between political interest and personality traits. This study provides a more nuanced picture of the biological and psychological bases of political orientations.
Monitoring of Argatroban and Lepirudin: What is the Input of Laboratory Values in “Real Life”?
Authors: Seidel Holger , Kolde Hans-Jürgen
Published: March 2017

Monitoring of direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs) in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is primarily performed using the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This assay is poorly standardized, reagent dependent, and not DTI specific. We compared aPTT, thrombin time (TT), and prothrombin time (PT) to drug levels obtained by the ecarin chromogenic assay (ECA). We analyzed 495 samples of patients with confirmed or suspected HIT on treatment with either argatroban (n = 37) or lepirudin (n = 80). Mean DTI levels ± standard deviation (SD) were 0.41 ± 0.36 µg/mL for argatroban and 0.20 ± 0.21 µg/mL for lepirudin. Results of aPTT were highly variable: 67 ± 22 seconds for argatroban and 55 ± 20 seconds for lepirudin. Significant correlations ( P < .01) were found between ECA-based DTI level and TT (argatroban, r = .820 and lepirudin, r = .830), PT (argatroban, r = −.544), and aPTT (lepirudin, r = .572). However, there was no correlation of aPTT with argatroban or PT with lepirudin concentration. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the TT predicted 54% of argatroban and 42% of lepirudin levels, but no significant impact was seen for PT or aPTT. The aPTT-guided monitoring of DTI therapy leads to a high percentage of patients with inaccurate plasma levels, hence resulting to either undertreatment or overtreatment. Knowledge of baseline values prior to DTI therapy and inclusion of clinical settings are essential for dosing DTIs when using aPTT. However, due to several limitations of aPTT, monitoring according to exact plasma concentrations as obtained by specific tests such as ECA may be more appropriate.
Analytical transmissibility based transfer path analysis for multi-energy-domain systems using bond graphs
Authors: Jalali Mashayekhi Mohammad , Behdinan Kamran
Published: March 2017

The increasing demand for vibration reduction in several high-tech industries has motivated many researchers to investigate novel vibration isolation techniques. Understanding the vibration transfer paths within a system is an essential part of designing an effective vibration isolation strategy. In this paper, an analytical transfer path analysis algorithm is proposed suitable for multi-energy-domain systems. The bond graph modeling technique, which is an effective approach to model multi-energy-domain systems, is used to extend the concept of transmissibility to such systems. In this paper, an electro-hydro-mechanical system is used as a benchmark example to elucidate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. An energy based path ranking algorithm based on the bond graph model of the system is also conducted.
Development of beam modal function for free vibration analysis of FML circular cylindrical shells
Authors: Mohandes Masood , Ghasemi Ahmad Reza , Irani-Rahagi Mohsen , Torabi Keivan , Taheri-Behrooz Fathollah
Published: March 2017

The free vibration of fiber–metal laminate (FML) thin circular cylindrical shells with different boundary conditions has been studied in this research. Strain–displacement relations have been obtained according to Love’s first approximation shell theory. To satisfy the governing equations of motion, a beam modal function model has been used. The effects of different FML parameters such as material properties lay-up, volume fraction of metal, fiber orientation, and axial and circumferential wavenumbers on the vibration of the shell have been studied. The frequencies of shells have been calculated for carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy as composites and for aluminum as metal. The results demonstrate that the influences of FML lay-up and volume fraction of composite on the frequencies of the shell are remarkable.
A new efficient numerical scheme for solving fractional optimal control problems via a Genocchi operational matrix of integration
Authors: Phang Chang , Ismail Noratiqah Farhana , Isah Abdulnasir , Loh Jian Rong
Published: March 2017

In this paper, a new operational matrix of integration is derived using Genocchi polynomials, which is one of the Appell polynomials. By using the matrix, we develop an efficient, direct and new numerical method for solving a class of fractional optimal control problems. The fractional derivative in the dynamic constraints was replaced with the Genocchi polynomials with unknown coefficients and a Genocchi operational matrix of fractional integration. Then, the equation derived from the dynamic constraints was put into the performance index. Hence, the fractional optimal control problems will be reduced to fractional variational problems. By finding a necessary condition for the optimality for the performance index, we will obtain a system of algebraic equations that can be easily solved by using any numerical method. Hence, we obtain the value of unknown coefficients of Genocchi polynomials. Lastly, the solution of the fractional optimal control problems will be obtained. In short, the properties of Genocchi polynomials are utilized to reduce the given problems to a system of algebraic equations. The approximation approach is simple to use and computer oriented. Illustrative examples are given to show the simplicity, accuracy and applicability of the method.
Geographic Variation in Medicaid Acceptance Across Michigan Primary Care Practices in the Era of the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Tipirneni Renuka , Rhodes Karin V. , Hayward Rodney A. , Lichtenstein Richard L. , Choi HwaJung , Arntson Emily K. , Landgraf Jessica M. , Davis Matthew M.
Published: March 2017

Coverage and access have improved under the Affordable Care Act, yet it is unclear whether recent gains have reached those regions within states that were most in need of improved access to care. We examined geographic variation in Medicaid acceptance among Michigan primary care practices before and after Medicaid expansion in the state, using data from a simulated patient study of primary care practices. We used logistic regression analysis with time indicators to assess regional changes in Medicaid acceptance over time. Geographic regions with lower baseline (<50%) Medicaid acceptance had significant increases in Medicaid acceptance at 4 and 8 months post-expansion, while regions with higher baseline (≥50%) Medicaid acceptance did not experience significant changes in Medicaid acceptance. As state Medicaid expansions continue to be implemented across the country, policy makers should consider the local dynamics of incentives for provider participation in Medicaid.
Psychometric Properties of the Psychological Vulnerability Scale in Higher Education Students
Authors: Nogueira Maria José , Barros Luisa , Sequeira Carlos
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND: Psychological vulnerability is related to cognitive beliefs that reflect dependence on one’s sense of self-worth and to maladaptive functioning. It is a disadvantage that renders people less protected to face negative life experiences. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to adapt and test the psychometric properties of the Psychological Vulnerability Scale in a sample of 267 Portuguese higher education students. DESIGN: A psychometric study of the Psychological Vulnerability Scale, after translation into Portuguese, was performed with a convenience sample of higher education students. Participants were asked to fill in the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Psychological Vulnerability Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, and a one-item question about the Perception of Vulnerability. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 20.5 years ( SD = 3.3). A factor analysis confirmed the original one-factor structure, explaining 42.9% of the total variance. The Psychological Vulnerability Scale showed adequate internal consistency and excellent test–retest stability. Convergent validity was confirmed by positive correlations with the Brief Symptom Inventory and Perception of Vulnerability. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the Psychological Vulnerability Scale showed good validity, reliability, and stability over time. The Psychological Vulnerability Scale is now ready to be used by practitioners and researchers to measure the psychological vulnerability among Portuguese higher education students. These data add to the body of knowledge of psychiatric and mental health nursing and provides support for the use of the Psychological Vulnerability Scale in higher education students.
NPS and Online WOM
Authors: Raassens Néomie , Haans Hans
Published: March 2017

The Net Promoter Score (NPS) is, according to Reichheld, the single most reliable indicator of company growth, and many companies use this recommendation-based technique for measuring customer loyalty. Despite its widespread adoption by many companies across multiple industries, the debate about NPS goes on. A major concern is that managers treat NPS as being equivalent across customers, which is often very misleading. By using a unique data set that combines customers’ promoter scores and online word-of-mouth (eWOM) behavior, this research studies how individual customers’ promoter scores are related to eWOM, including its relationship with the three categories of customers that are identified by the NPS paradigm (i.e., promoters, passives, and detractors). Based on a sample of 189 customers, their promoter scores and corresponding eWOM, the results show that there is a positive relationship between customers’ promoter scores and the valence of online messages. Further, while detractors and promoters are homogeneous with respect to the valence of the eWOM messages they spread, passives show message valence heterogeneity. Thus, although passives, the largest group of customers, have no weight in calculating the NPS, our results reveal that companies should flag passives for further attention and action.
Association between ultrasonographic appearance of splenic parenchyma and cytology in cats
Authors: Bertal Mileva , Norman Carmel Eric , Diana Alessia , Desquilbet Loic , Specchi Swan , Pey Pascaline
Published: March 2017

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of a splenic mass or a diffusely moth-eaten parenchyma on ultrasonographic scans could represent potential criteria of malignancy in the feline spleen.

Methods

Feline patients with ultrasonographic images and cytological analysis of the spleen obtained by fine-needle aspiration were retrospectively included in a multicentre study.

Results

One hundred and ninety-five cats met our inclusion criteria. There was a lack of agreement between the moth-eaten ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen and the presence of a malignant neoplasia on cytological analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of a moth-eaten parenchyma for predicting malignant neoplastic disease were 13.2% and 84.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of a splenic mass >1 cm for predicting malignant neoplastic disease were 21.0% and 94.7%, respectively. A marbled appearance of the splenic parenchyma was significantly more frequent among patients examined with a high-frequency transducer (11–18 MHz) than among those examined with a low-frequency transducer (6.6–10 MHz) (27.6% vs 11.1%, respectively; P = 0.004). Similarly, although not statistically significant, a moth-eaten parenchyma was more frequent in the high-frequency transducer group than in the low-frequency group (17.1% vs 8.9%, respectively; P = 0.09).

Conclusions and relevance

Based on our findings, a moth-eaten ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen in cats does not necessarily reflect a lymphoma or another malignant neoplastic process on cytological analysis. The presence of a splenic mass >1 cm on ultrasound is suggestive of malignancy in cats. Finally, the transducer frequency must be taken into account when assessing the splenic parenchyma, as a high-frequency transducer seems to improve the detection of a marbled or moth-eaten parenchyma.
Developing singing confidence in early childhood teachers using acceptance and commitment therapy and group singing: A randomized trial
Authors: Swain Nicola , Bodkin-Allen Sally
Published: March 2017

Early childhood teachers are often required to sing, which requires confidence. The purpose of the present study was to treat early childhood teachers who self-identified as uncertain singers using either a group singing (GS) approach, or a talking approach, based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The aim of the study was to increase measures of singing confidence. Forty teachers enrolled in the workshops and were assigned to either ACT or GS. Overall it was found that both ACT and GS resulted in significant improvements in singing confidence. Both interventions were similar on increased confidence measures and the GS outperformed ACT on an overall rating of improvement in self-perceived tone-deafness. We suggest that the interventions had benefits for participants through the group experience itself; that being prepared for music increased their confidence, and that gaining some knowledge of singing techniques led to a sense of empowerment. Implications and future research are discussed.
The role of linguistic cues in bilingual negation processing
Authors: Ćoso Bojana , Bogunović Irena
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectives:

A vast body of research has dealt with negation processing. There are many differences between negations across languages, which could influence negation processing in bilingual speakers. However, bilingual negation processing has rarely been experimentally investigated. This study aims at exploring whether highly proficient Croatian-English bilinguals are able to adequately adopt English negations, and whether linguistic cues from both languages have similar effect on negation processing.

Methodology:

A sentence–picture verification task was used to investigate the processing of affirmative sentences, sentential and constituent negations, Croatian negative concord and English sentences with negated subject.

Data and analysis:

2 (language) × 4 (sentence type) × 2 (congruency) ANOVA with repeated measures was used to analyze the data.

Findings:

The results showed that the effect of language was not significant, except in the case of constituent negations which were processed faster in English. There was a significant difference between the processing of affirmative and negative sentences, as affirmatives were processed faster than negatives in both languages. Constituent negations in both languages were processed slower compared with other types of negations.

Originality:

The results suggest that strong linguistic cues, such as word order and quantifiers, influence negation processing in both languages, resulting in differences between different types of negations. The results are discussed in the light of two existing models of negation and sentence processing. A new model, as a combination of these two models, is proposed.

Implications:

The fact that there was no significant difference in negation processing between the bilinguals’ two languages supports the view that highly proficient successive bilinguals are able to adequately adopt negations in both their languages.
Working Inside the Gate: School Discipline on Post
Authors: Mowen Thomas J. , Mowen Gregg G. , Brent John J.
Published: March 2017

Racial and ethnic disparities in school discipline in the United States have been well researched, and explanations often highlight the role of structural inequality in explaining these trends. Research has yet to examine disparities in school discipline within a population for which structural inequalities are relatively accounted. Using data from a high school located on a US military installation, we examine patterns of discipline within this sample, representing a population of students whose parents have steady employment, housing, health care, counseling, and childcare. Findings indicate racial and ethnic disparities in discipline are minimal due to the military culture, access to resources, and focus on rehabilitative discipline.
The not-so-concrete Jungle: material precarity in the Calais refugee camp
Authors: Mould Oli
Published: March 2017

On the outskirts of Calais, the refugee camp known as ‘the Jungle’ was recently demolished, the final violent act in a long history of enforced precarity. In recent years, the camp had massively increased in inhabitants, and through the collective actions of these inhabitants, along with the volunteers that helped there, the Jungle inculcated what Doreen Massey would have described as a ‘progressive sense of place’, in that it espoused cultural and social richness, but also violent conflict. Richness in that the camp was a site where home is constantly made by the refugees and asylum seekers with help from the volunteers, but also of conflict because it was under constant attack from the authorities and prefecture of the site, culminating in its eventual demolition. They enacted domicidal and home ‘un-making’ practices, which meant that the inhabitants had to continually (re)make their notions of home. This home-making/un-making/re-making cycle was played out most readily via its materiality which was highly precarious. Through ethnographic and participative methods conducted as a volunteer, I posit that the Jungle was, and arguably still is, a site with material precarity embedded throughout, making it a ‘progressive’ place that mixed hope and despair, richness and conflict, home-making and un-making.
A minimal model–based approach for the fast approximation of wave propagation in complex structures
Authors: Heinze Christoph , Duczek Sascha , Sinapius Michael , Wierach Peter
Published: March 2017

Guided wave–based structural health monitoring is a promising technology to continuously monitor aircraft and to identify damage. The simulation of such structures is still a numerically challenging task due to their size and complexity. In this article, a minimal model approach is proposed to allow an approximate but very fast calculation of the wave propagation. The properties being relevant to the propagation of Lamb waves or in general guided waves are determined as part of the preprocessing. These include phase velocities as well as interaction parameters of all discontinuities. The minimal model consists of two steps to calculate a time signal at specific locations. First, a ray tracing algorithm determines suitable wave paths between two points in the reduced model of the structure. Second, wave packets of every incident ray are superimposed to synthesize a time signal. The obtained results are compared with both finite element simulations and experimental measurements.
Corrosion monitoring of flexural reinforced concrete members under service loads using distributed long-gauge carbon fiber sensors
Authors: Fouad Nariman , Saifeldeen Mohamed A , Huang Huang , Wu Zhishen
Published: March 2017

Currently, corrosion of steel reinforcements is a major topic for several researchers because of the early deterioration and shortening of the service life of structures, particularly those prone to salt attacks. This study proposes a new technique for monitoring corrosion of steel reinforcements in flexural reinforced concrete structures using distributed embedded long-gauge packaged carbon fiber line sensors with self-compensation under service loads. Three different approaches including continuous-strain ratio, distributed-strain ratio, and section fiber model were proposed to evaluate corrosion levels using strain measurements. Different groups of distributed packaged carbon fiber line sensors were installed on the concrete surface and steel reinforcements of the reinforced concrete beam to verify the proposed approaches experimentally using the accelerated corrosion technique. The sensors installed on the concrete surface affected by cracks can only localize the corrosion locations but are unable to determine the actual values of corrosion levels. The degree of corrosion calculated using each approach was compared with the weight loss of an experimental corrosion model. The results showed that the continuous-strain ratio approach will be suitable to localize and evaluate the corrosion degrees if corrosion occurs before the formation of cracks, while the distributed-strain ratio is more effective in the presence of cracks. In highly damaged conditions, the section fiber model will be the most accurate method to evaluate and localize corrosion in steel reinforcements.
How friends’ involvement in crime affects the risk of offending and victimization
Authors: Rokven Josja J , de Boer Gijs , Tolsma Jochem , Ruiter Stijn
Published: March 2017

This article examines how friends’ involvement in crime influences such involvement in those around them, as offenders or victims, and the extent to which such friendship effects vary with contact frequency, friendship intimacy, and geographical proximity. To test our hypotheses we used four waves from the Dutch panel survey CrimeNL, which includes ego-centered network measures in each wave for respondents aged between 16 and 45. To test our hypotheses, fixed-effects panel models were employed. The results show that living in close proximity to delinquent friends increases people’s own risk of offending, and daily interaction with these friends decreases the risk of victimization. Victimization is also communicated among friends in their daily interactions. These findings stress the need to consider factors that condition how friendships exert influence on the risk of crime involvement.
An additional bolus of rapid-acting insulin to normalise postprandial cardiovascular risk factors following a high-carbohydrate high-fat meal in patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Campbell Matthew D , Walker Mark , Ajjan Ramzi A , Birch Karen M , Gonzalez Javier T , West Daniel J
Published: March 2017

Aim:

To evaluate an additional rapid-acting insulin bolus on postprandial lipaemia, inflammation and pro-coagulation following high-carbohydrate high-fat feeding in people with type 1 diabetes.

Methods:

A total of 10 males with type 1 diabetes [HbA1c 52.5 ± 5.9 mmol/mol (7.0% ± 0.5%)] underwent three conditions: (1) a low-fat (LF) meal with normal bolus insulin, (2), a high-fat (HF) meal with normal bolus insulin and (3) a high-fat meal with normal bolus insulin with an additional 30% insulin bolus administered 3-h post-meal (HFA). Meals had identical carbohydrate and protein content and bolus insulin dose determined by carbohydrate-counting. Blood was sampled periodically for 6-h post-meal and analysed for triglyceride, non-esterified-fatty acids, apolipoprotein B48, glucagon, tumour necrosis factor alpha, fibrinogen, human tissue factor activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Continuous glucose monitoring captured interstitial glucose responses.

Results:

Triglyceride concentrations following LF remained similar to baseline, whereas triglyceride levels following HF were significantly greater throughout the 6-h observation period. The additional insulin bolus (HFA) normalised triglyceride similarly to low fat 3–6 h following the meal. HF was associated with late postprandial elevations in tumour necrosis factor alpha, whereas LF and HFA was not. Fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor pathway levels were similar between conditions.

Conclusion:

Additional bolus insulin 3 h following a high-carbohydrate high-fat meal prevents late rises in postprandial triglycerides and tumour necrosis factor alpha, thus improving cardiovascular risk profile.