bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Калибровка стационарных твердомеров по шкалам Роквелла, Бринелля и Виккерса по международным стандартам серии ISO
Authors: Onishchenko I. N. , Bokova A. D. , Bessonov N. V.
Published: April 2020

Твердость металлов влияет на такие свойства металла, как износостойкость, возможность его обработки, сопротивляемость местному давлению, способность резать другой материал и т. д. Методы определения твердости по Роквеллу, Бриннелю и Виккерсу основываются на вдавливании твердого тела в испытываемый образец с некоторым приложением усилия в течение определенного измерительного цикла, поэтому их метрологический контроль проводится по одному и тому же методу.

Основными документами по методам измерения твердости являются стандарты ISO. Перед вводом твердомеров в эксплуатацию проводится прямая калибровка. После успешного прохождения прямой калибровки твердомера осуществляется косвенная калибровка в отношении каждой шкалы твердости, для измерений по которой будет использоваться твердомер.
Surface morphology, magnetic resonant and antistatic properties of 07S11-KVfabric coated with stainless steel
Authors: Anisovich A. G. , Akula I. P. , Zalesskiy V. G. , Markevich M. I. , Stelmakh V. F. , Chekan N. M.
Published: April 2020

A study of the mixed 07С11-KВ fabric (produced by Mogotex) with a coating of steel 12X18H10T, obtained by the method of pulsed cathode arc deposition in a vacuum of 3.5×10–3 Pa, was conducted. It is shown that optical microscopy has a number of advantages in studying the surface morphology of such objects as compared to scanning electron microscopy. The most contrast image is formed using dark-field illumination. When coating is applied, a droplet phase is formed, the droplet sizes vary from 2 to 10 microns. By the method of electron paramagnetic resonance, it has been established that the spectrum of coated fabric has an asymmetrical spectral line with a width of 101mT,which indicates a high concentration of magnetic resonance centers and a significant resonant absorption of microwave energy. Resonant absorption at low magnetic fields is determined by clusters of iron, nickel, chromium, titanium, etc., with weak nonresonant absorption. The specific surface resistance of the fabric (side 1 / side 2) is 3.3×105 ohm and 5.6×105 ohm,respectively.
Oral cancer stem cells drive tumourigenesis through activation of stromal fibroblasts
Authors: Al-Magsoosi Mohanad J.N , Lambert Daniel W , Khurram Syed Ali , Whawell Simon A
Published: April 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be withdrawn due to author disagreement.
A Multivariate Multilevel Analysis of the Risk Factors Associated with Anthropometric Indices in Iranian mid-adolescents
Authors: Alamolhoda Marzieh , Heydari Seyyed Taghi , Ayatollahi Seyyed Mohammad Taghi , Tabrizi Reza , Akbari Maryam , New Arash Ardalan
Published: April 2020

Background: The present study was conducted to jointly assess some specific factors related to body fat measures using a multivariate multilevel analysis in a representative sample of Iranian mid-adolescents.
Methods: This study was conducted among 2538 students (1286 boys) aged 14 - 20 years old, who were randomly selected among 16 public high schools by multi-stage random sampling procedure from all education districts of Shiraz, Iran. Data on demographic characteristics, family history of obesity, physical activity, socio-economic (SES) variables and screen time were collected. Height, weight, triceps (TST), abdominal (AST), and subscapular (SST) skinfold thickness were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. A multivariate multilevel approach was used to analyze the factors associated with obesity measures of the TST, AST, SST at the child and district levels.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated to be 10.2 and 5.1%, respectively. Overall, the major portion of the total variance in TST (97.1%), AST (97.7%), and SST (97.5%) was found at the child level. The results of multivariate multilevel method revealed that being girls, having a family history of obesity, and SES were significantly associated with increasing of three body fat measures (all the p-values were less than 0.05). There were significant positive associations between moderate to vigorous physical activities with AST and SST (for AST: β =2.54, SE=1.40, p=0.05; for SST: β =2.24, SE=1.20, p=0.05). Compared to children in 14-16 age group, children in age group 16-18 years had less TST (β =-0.67, SE=0.34, p=0.04). Furthermore, other age groups and screen time did not play an important role in three outcome variables.
Conclusions: The results showed some factors that contribute to three body fat measures. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective interventions to prevent the effects of individual and environmental undesirable factors on childhood obesity in both family and community levels.
Effects on gastroesophageal reflux of donkey milk-derived human milk fortifier versus standard fortifier in preterm newborns. Additional data from Fortilat study.
Authors: Cresi Francesco , Maggiora Elena , Pirra Alice , Tonetto Paola , Rubino Carlotta , Cavalarin Laura , Giribaldi Marzia , Moro Guido E , Bertino Enrico , Peila Chiara , Coscia Alessandra
Published: April 2020

Background : Feeding intolerance, defined as the inability to digest enteral feeding, is a frequent diagnosis in very preterm infants. It is characterized by abdominal distension, delayed gastric emptying and increased frequency and severity of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). As seen in the FortiLat trial, human milk fortification with the new donkey milk-derived human milk fortifier (DF) seems to improve feeding tolerance in these infants. The aim of this ancillary study of the FortiLat trial was to evaluate the effects of using the DF compared with bovine milk-derived fortifier (BF) on GER in VLBW infants.Methods : Over a total of 156 preterm infants enrolled into the FortiLat trial (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1500 g) and randomized into BF-arm or DF-arm we selected all infants with clinical signs of GER and cardiorespiratory (CR) symptoms at day 21 of fortification. All the infants underwent CR and multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH (MII/pH) monitoring associated with gastric ultrasound to evaluate GER characteristics, GER-CR temporal associations and gastric emptying time.Results : 10 infants were enrolled, 5 in the DF-arm. At MII/pH infants enrolled into the DF-arm showed a lower GER frequency than BF-arm infants: 2.02(1.95-3.26) vs 4.82(2.84-5.94) GER/hour (p=0.036). No infant had a significant symptom association probability index between GER and CR events. Half gastric emptying time was similar in DF and BF-arm infants: 45.03(42.74-47.02) vs. 48.57(44.73-48.77) min. (p=0.744)Conclusions : The use of donkey derived human milk fortifier reduced the GER frequency and consequently should be recommended in infants with feeding intolerance.Trial Registration : ISRCTN -ISRCTN70022881. Registered 01May 2014 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN70022881
Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression reveals specific predictive biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Xu Meng , Yin Jianmei , Li Chunnv , Ye Zhuang , shang jing
Published: April 2020

Background We aimed to identify methylation-driven genes (MDGs) and predict the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) based on several cohorts with high-throughput data.Methods The transcriptome profiles, 450K methylated data and corresponding clinical information were extracted from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. MethylMix package was used to screen aberrant methylation events. Next, the Cox regression models were applied via survival package. Functional analysis was mainly performed based on ConsensusPathDB database. Besides, “mimifi” R package were adopted to analyze methylated alterations from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The predictive efficiency of constructed MDGs signature was assessed and validated in TCGA-KIRC and ICGC-RCC cohort, respectively. Unsupervised clustering analysis was conducted via ConsensusClusterPlus package. Moreover, MDGs-nomogram for OS prediction was conducted via glm and survival packages. Results Totally, we collected We finally identified 761 samples from TCGA-KIRC, ICGC-RCC, GSE61441, GSE105260 and GSE105261. We combined the expression data and 450K methylated data to find 5 hub prognostic MDGs (TAGLN2, PDK2, HHLA2, HOXA2, XAF1). We used the TCGA-KIRC cohort as the training dataset to verify the superior predictive significance of the 5 MDGs signature (AUC = 0.713), and validated it in ICGC-RCC cohort with AUC = 0.769. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that patients with high MDGs levels suffered from worse suvival outcomes. Besides, we further conducted the unsupervised clustering analysis in the whole ccRCC patients and identified the sub-cluster with the worst prognosis, indicating the MDGs could be used as efficient molecular classifier for ccRCC. We also identified 32 prognostic risk loci associated with hub MDGs in KIRC. Superior predictive efficiency was found in the MDGs-nomogram [Area Under Curve (AUC) of 3-year: 0.842, AUC of 5-year: 0.862], compared with traditional independent feature such as TNM stage (AUC of 3-year: 0.759, AUC of 5-year: 0.717). The 5 MDGs signature were mainly associated with oxygen metabolism, glycometabolism, even the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Conclusions Collectively, this study indicated several hub-MDGs and explored the prognostic value in ccRCC, which would provide new insights on the exploration of epigenetic pathogenesis and therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
The Level of Physical Activity, Lung Function and Exercise Capacity of Children and Adolescents With Cystic Fibrosis Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Cardoso Marjane , Schmidt Caroline Jacoby , Motter Gabriela , Borba Gabrielle Costa , Rech Tatiana Helena , Marostica Paulo José Cauduro , Rovedder Paula Maria Eidt
Published: April 2020

Background : people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) have progressive limitation to physical exercise and reduced daily living activities. Regular physical activity (PA) and exercise contribute to the quality of live of people with CF. The objective of this study was to evaluate level of PA , lung function and functional capacity in children and adolescents diagnosed with CF and compare them with those of healthy children and adolescents. Methodology: the study had a cross-sectional design with a control group. Patients with CF were followed at the Children’s Pneumology Outpatient Clinic, and were matched for age and sex with healthy controls from a local public school. The evaluations included daily step count, the shuttle walk test and spirometry. Results: 70 children and adolescents were evaluated, 35 diagnosed with CF and 35 healthy controls. The overall mean age was 11.6±2.9 years. There was no significant difference in level of PA between the patient and control groups. Gender analysis revealed no significant difference in level of PA between the groups or within the CF group. The CF group values were significantly lower than the control group for BMI (p=0.04), percentage of predicted FEV 1 and FEV 1 Z-score (p=0.02 and p=0.010). Conclusion: In this sample, children and adolescents with CF had the same level of PA as their healthy peers. Boys and girls with CF had similar level of PA when stratified by sex, as well as when compared to healthy peers of the same gender. Differences were observed between BMI, FEV 1 and some functional capacity test variables between the groups.
Study of the possibilities of 3D printing in ship modeling using the example of manufacturing a model of a small vessel for hydrodynamic testing in an experimental pool
Authors: Dektyarev Alexander Vladimirovich , Zobov Pavel Gennadievich , Grishin Pavel Romanovich , Morozov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: April 2020

The relevance of the work is determined by a fundamentally new direction of 3D printing in the manufacture of ship models for hydrodynamic testing. In this paper, we study the towing drag of a model of a small boat manufactured using additive three-dimensional printing technologies. Based on the dimensions of the 3D printers used and the technological parameters of working with them, as well as the design features of the test pool, small-sized vessels of a series of kayaks, kayaks and canoes, which are of sufficient length, but not too wide and high, were investigated as a prototype of the future model, which is ideal under the methods of additive manufacturing. A base of prototypes of vessels of this class has been compiled and a rationale has been given for the choice of the prototype vessel itself for research, including an analysis of the design of the vessels presented, the availability of design and technological documentation, as well as technological schemes for manufacturing the model. A 3D model of the vessel was developed, its optimization for 3D printing and analysis of geometric shapes for deviations from ITTC requirements. The study of deviations of the geometric shapes of the ship model from shrinkage deformations was carried out using 3D scanning with the development of a technological scheme for describing this process. When developing a 3D model, in the process of 3D printing, as well as processing the results of 3D scanning, modern software tools — FreeShip, Autodesk Inventor, Cloud Compare, and others — were used in the work. In the manufacture of the model, the new DPA adhesive compound formula was used, able to provide durable joints for PLA plastic products. It was found that the measurements prove the possibility of using 3D printing for the production of ship models for hydrodynamic testing, subject to all the nuances of the technology.
Plastid terminal oxidases in Chlamydomonas: connections with astaxanthin and bio-hydrogen production
Authors: Li Hui , Zheng Chao , Xiao Ming , Huan Qin , Chen Jun , Dong Mingjie , Hao Wenlong , Hu Zhangli , Lei Anping , Wang Jiangxin
Published: April 2020

Background: as a plasto quinol oxidase involved in plastoquinol oxidation in higher plants and microalgae, the plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) was first recognized in the tomato mutant GHOST (GH) and Arabidopsis mutant IMMUTANS (IM). Genome sequence analysis revealed that duplication of the PTOX gene occurs in certain eukaryotic microalgae, but not in cyanobacteria and most higher plants. PTOX may also be involved in carotenoid synthesis and play a critical protective role against stress, such as high light, heat shock and hyperosmosis. However, the connections of PTOX with astaxanthin and bio-hydrogen production and their functional relationship between two PTOX genes in the model green microalga Chlamydomonas is unknown. Results: we successfully knocked down two ptoxs through RNAi in Chlamydomonas, respectively. We demonstrated that expression levels of both PTOXs were increased under stress conditions, and interestingly when one PTOX was silenced the other’s transcriptional level was significantly raised. Conclusions: this shows a complementary relationship under high light condition. In addition, the astaxanthin accumulation level was up-regulated in silenced ptox2 strain, compared to the wide type strain. What’s more, significantly increased hydrogen production was observed in silenced ptox1 strain. In conclusion, PTOXs in Chlamydomonas are connected with not only astaxanthin accumulation but also hydrogen production, and their knock-down strains provide new insights in manipulating microalgae for high light stress tolerant strains, carotenoid production and even biofuels.
Clinical and Imaging features in COVID-19 Patients: Analysis of Data from Patients in Non-pandemic areas
Authors: Peng Shengkun , Pan Lingai , Zhang Shaojin , Liu Yalong , Zhang Hua , Tan Liming , Guo Yang , Huang Xiaobo , Zeng Jie , Pu Hong
Published: April 2020

Purpose To describe the imaging characteristics in COVID-19 Patients from non-pandemic regions to improve understanding of the disease. Methods We reviewed chest CT scans of 30 COVID-19 patients from three hospitals in Sichuan province, China. Results Typical CT manifestations include the involvement of multiple lobes, mostly in the peripheral zone of the lungs, and subpleural distribution. GGO, crazy paving or mixed GGO and consolidation is the most common signs. Few patients can present small amount of pleural effusion. It is worth noting that none of the lung cavities, tree buds, and lymphadenopathy appeared. The follow-up imaging findings of some patients showed progress when the initial CT score reached 7. Conclusion The CT scan still play an important role in screening the COVID-19, most of the images present positive signs, mainly subpleural, multiple GGO. CT might can predict the severity or whether the patient will progress to severe illness. A small number of patients may be missed if they are based on CT findings alone, which should be closely combined with the patient's epidemiological history and nucleic acid test.
Anti-oxidant activity of methanolic extract of aquatic flowering plant Nymphaea capensis leaf
Authors: Alam Mohammad , Biozid Md. Shahrear , Faruk Md. , Abeden Md. Jainul , Ferdous Khandoker Usran , Nitul Iffat Ara , Islam Md. Rafikul
Published: April 2020

Background: Nymphaea capensis is an aquatic flowering plant which is included in the family of Nymphaeaceae. Literature review on the plants of Nymphaeaceae family exhibited significant medicinal activities. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to evaluate possible anti-oxidant activity of crude methanol extract of N. capensis leaf.Method: In antioxidant study, methanolic plant extract was evaluated for 1,1-diphenyl,2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power capacity. Moreover, total phenolic and total flavonoid content of plant extracts were determined and expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry sample (mg GAE/g dry weight).Result: In the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, methanol extract showed concentration dependent inhibition of the free radicals. IC50 of Ascorbic acid was 14.84 µg/ml whereas N. capensis was 130.94 µg/ml. In case of reducing capacity, at conc. 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 ug/ml, the absorbances of Ascorbic acid were 0.65, 1.12, 1.45, 1.78 and 1.89 respectively. In case of N. capensis, the absorbances were 0.46, 0.75, 1.04, 1.27 and 1.50 respectively. The extract displayed a concentration dependent increase in reducing power. In the case of total phenolic content, the methanol extract of N. capensis contained a considerable amount of phenolic contents which was 215±7 of GAE/g. In the case of total flavonoid content, methanol extract of N. capensis contained significant amount of flavonoid contents which was 184.75±6.78 of GAE/g.
A plausible path to contain the spread of 2019 Novel Coronavirus; a computational analysis prompts to the use of ACE2 receptor blockers
Authors: Whitman Christopher
Published: April 2020

Starting December 30th, 2019, a virus spread from Wuhan, in the Hubei Province of China. The virus had soon been recognized as part of the Coronavirus and temporarily named 2019 Novel Coronavirus. The dramatic increase of infections led to the death of over 400 people, by Feb 4th, 2020. By this day the virus had already crossed into 27 countries. March 11th, 2020 the World Health Organization declared the Novel Coronavirus a pandemic, pointing to over 118,000 cases of infections in over 110 countries. This public health threat drove the international community to real-time sharing of the genetic sequences isolated from the viruses. We used these freely accessible genetic data, while leveraging bioinformatic tools, with the intent to explore possible contributions to address this threat. Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2 Inhibition has been proven to be a valuable strategy address the spread of SARS. After proving remarkable genetic similarities between SARS and the 2019 Novel Coronavirus, we computationally built the first known ex-novo model of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein entirely generated from its aminoacidic sequence, using I-TASEER. We then assessed the 2019 Novel Coronavirus interaction with the human Angiotensin-converting Enzyme 2. This research prompts at the potential use of Angiotensin- converting Enzyme 2 receptors blockers, as both clinical and prophylaxis measures to contain the spread of 2019 Novel Coronavirus.
In silico synergistic drug repurposing for combating novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreaks
Authors: Kim Minjee , Kim Young Bong
Published: April 2020

As the number of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) cases continues to rise, there is a global need for rapid drug development. In this study, we propose a systems pharmacology approach to reposition FDA-approved drug candidates for coronavirus, identify targets and suggest a synergistic drug combination using network pharmacology. We collected 67 genes associated with coronavirus, performed an enrichment analysis to obtain coronavirus-associated disease- pathway and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on 67 genes. Total 37 significant disease-pathways were retrieved, and associated FDA-approved drugs were listed for drug repurposing candidates. Our PPI network showed 51 targets from 67 genes and identified IL6 and TNF as potential targets for coronavirus. From the FDA drug list, we selected four drugs that are experimentally used or studied for coronavirus to construct two- drug combinations. From six drug-drug networks, we identified hydroxychloroquine + ribavirin combination had the highest number of overlapping targets (IL6, IL2, IL10, CASP3, IFNA1) from PPI network target list, suggesting a potent synergistic drug combination for coronavirus. With the aim to support the rapid drug development, we suggest a new approach using systems-level drug repurposing for COVID-19 treatment.
Test by the SVECM model of the impact of the exchange rates and foreign direct investment on the economic growth of the Maghreb region
Authors: Yossor Affes , Maha Kalai
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this article is to identify the main sources of cyclical fluctuations affecting the five Maghreb countries in a general analysis framework through the impact of the exchange rates and foreign direct investment. Besides, will consider in this study a set of variables taking into account the real monetary and fi ancial dimensions of the economies. Therefore, authors have adopted an approach in terms of the VECM Structural model and analyzed the robustness of the response functions. Indeed, the estimation results showed the existence of a regional dynamics where the respective sensitivity to change of the real exchange rate is the same. In addition, FDI and REER stimulate economic growth of the Maghreb economies in exchange for regime transmutations. In addition, the participation of FDI in the socio-economic development seems to be weak without the implementation of a policy of support and guidance aimed at reducing the catastrophic effects on the economy and reorienting its investments towards sectors with a high added value.
Фотокаталитически активные наночастицы оксида цинка и диоксида титана в клональном микроразмножении растений: перспективы
Authors: Захарова О. В. , Гусев А. А.
Published: April 2020

Поиск эффективных против распространенных фитопатогенных микроорганизмов, но при этом не токсичных для растений стерилизующих препаратов является важной задачей для совершенствования биотехнологии клонального микроразмножения растений. Проведенный обзор 92 исследовательских работ, посвященных потенциальному использованию наночастиц ZnO и TiO2в качестве антимикробных агентов в биотехнологии, показал, что эффекты их биологического воздействия зависят от ряда факторов: фотокаталитической активности, размера частиц, концентрации, морфологии и модификации поверхности. С этими факторами также связаны механизмы токсичности, в качестве основного из которых рассматривается генерация активных форм кислорода, что приводит к окислительному стрессу. Однако данные, касающиеся непосредственного воздействия наночастиц ZnO и TiO2на растения, противоречивы, что, вероятно, связано с разнообразием исследованных авторами форм и размеров частиц, их концентраций, а также видовых особенностей растений. Результаты проанализированных исследований подтверждают перспективность использования фотокаталитически активных наночастиц ZnO и TiO2в качестве бактерицидных и фунгицидных препаратов для стерилизации эксплантов в ходе клонального микроразмножения растений, однако с учетом возможной фитотоксичности этих частиц.
Исследование и оценка токсичности наночастиц оксида кальция при однократной ингаляционной экспозиции
Authors: Зайцева Н. В. , Землянова М. А. , Степанков М. С. , Игнатова А. М.
Published: April 2020

При однократной четырехчасовой ингаляционной экспозиции аэрозолем водной суспензии наночастиц оксида кальция (СаО) в фактической концентрации 6.68 мг/м3 повышается концентрация кальция в легких (в 1.52 раза), головном мозге (в 1.55 раза) и печени (в 1.25 раза) относительно контроля, в то время как при действии микродисперсного аналога в концентрации 6.37 мг/м3 повышение данного показателя отмечено только в головном мозге (в 1.27 раза). При этом концентрация кальция в головном мозге животных опытной группы выше, чем в группе сравнения (в 1.22 раза). После действия нано- и микрочастиц СаО в тканях головного мозга установлено субарахноидальное кровоизлияние. Развитие патоморфологических изменений в виде гиперплазии лимфоидной ткани, эозинофилии, острого полнокровия и геморрагических инфарктов легких, а также гидропической и гиалиново-капельной дистрофий паренхиматозной ткани печени зафиксировано только после экспозиции наночастицами СаО. Выявленные особенности бионакопления и патоморфологических изменений при ингаляционном действии наночастиц СаО свидетельствуют о большей токсичности исследуемого наноматериала в сравнении с микродисперсным аналогом.
Coronary microvascular obstruction (the no-reflow phenomenon) during percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Frolov A. , Pochinka I. , Shahov B. , Sharabrin E. , Kuzymichev K.
Published: April 2020

Coronary microvascular obstruction (the no-reflow phenomenon) after percutaneous coronary interventions in diagnosed with myocardial infarction has a significant negative impact on both the short-term and long-term prognosis. The mechanisms underlying this disorder are heterogeneous and complex, and as such it is difficult to devise effective treatments and/or to predict specific outcomes. Modern therapeutic approaches have indirect cardioprotective effects and certainly reduce the risk of no-reflow. However, attempts to create a drug or method that fundamentally improve the prognosis in patients with coronary microvascular obstruction have been unsuccessful. Thus, the problem of myocardial reperfusion damage has not been solved and further study will be necessary to provide support for the search for new therapeutic modalities. The purpose of this review is to provide an analysis of relevant literature that focuses on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the coronary microvascular obstruction during and after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction. We searched using the Medline (PubMed), RSCI (eLIBRARY), Embase and Google Scholar databases for all relevant literature pertaining to this subject.Received 13 January 2020. Accepted 11 February 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship. Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Predictors of embolic complications during carotid stenting (TACTILE trial)
Authors: Malaev D. , Boykov A. , Prohorihin A. , Tarkova A. , Baystrukov V. , Fatulloeva S. , Kretov E.
Published: April 2020

Background. In 30% to 87% patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS), new ischaemic lesions (NILs) of the brain are detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). According to some authors, in 60% cases who undergo CAS via transfemoral (TF) access, NILs are also found in the contralateral and other vascular pools of the brain that are not directly related to the target carotid artery, most likely a result of the endovascular manipulation of the catheter on the aortic arch. An alternative access site for CAS is transradial (TR) access. Theoretically, with TR access, the catheter’s contact with the aortic arch is reduced, particularly with an intervention on the right internal carotid artery, and the risk of embolic events is possibly reduced. However, this aspect has not yet been explored.Aim. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of NILs of the brain in patients undergoing CAS via the TR and TF approaches.Methods. The study included 96 patients with indications for CAS. Patients were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either the TR (n = 48) or TF (n = 48) groups. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted imaging MRI before and 12 to 24 hours after the procedure. Multiple logistic regression with step-by-step turning off of variables was used to determine the predictors of NIL.Results. A total of 40 clinical, demographic, instrumental and intraoperative variables were analysed. Based on the results of single regression analysis, 6 predictors (age, male sex, hypertension, history of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, intersection of the aortic arch and type II/III aortic arch) were included in the multivariate model. From the final multivariate analysis, it was found that age, intersection of the aortic arch and type II/III aortic arch are independent predictors of NILs after CAS.Conclusion. Patient age, type II/III aortic arch and need for a catheter to cross the aortic arch are independent predictors of NILs during carotid stenting.
Received 9 January 2020. Revised 21 February 2020. Accepted 25 February 2020.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Фазовые переходы в двумерной слабо разбавленной пятивершинной модели Поттса
Authors: Муртазаев А.К. , Бабаев А.Б. , Атаева Г.Я.
Published: April 2020

Computer simulation was used to study phase transitions in the two-dimensional weakly diluted Potts model on a square lattice at q=5. Systems with linear dimensions L×L=N, L=10-120 are considered. Based on fourth-order Binder cumulants, it was shown that the introduction of nonmagnetic impurities into the spin system described by the two-dimensional Potts model with q=5 leads to a change in the first-order phase transition to the second-order phase transition.
Фотопроводимость вдоль границы раздела полимер/полимер
Authors: Юсупов А.Р. , Лачинов А.Н. , Гадиев Р.М. , Рахматова Л.И. , Калимуллина Л.Р. , Байбулова Г.Ш.
Published: April 2020

Abstract The effect of photoexcitation on the electrical conductivity of the interface between two polydiphenylenephthalide (PDP) polymer films is discovered. It is shown that ultraviolet radiation makes the main contribution to the generation of photoconductivity. Long-term relaxation of photoconductivity is observed after extinction of illumination. Based on electrophysical measurements and comparing the results of optical studies, it is concluded that ultraviolet radiation has an effect on the dipole moment magnitude.
Оценка максимального поперечного размера многослойных биметаллических пленок для протекания в них самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза на примере структуры Ni/Al
Authors: Квашенкина О.Е. , Эйдельман Е.Д. , Осипов В.С. , Габдуллин П.Г. , Хина Б.Б.
Published: April 2020

To simulate self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (solid flame combustion), a layered model is taken as the basis in which the product is formed between the layers of the starting reagents
due to solid-phase diffusion in non-isothermal conditions, while the combustion wave propagates
along these layers.It turned out that the cords from layers of aluminum and nickel with a thickness of up to 50µmv will completely turn into a high-temperature melt The calculation results will optimize the processes welding-soldering of heat-sensitive materials and parts of electronic components of various devices.
Usability of Wearable Devices to Remotely Monitor Sleep Patterns Among Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease: Observational Study
Authors: Fortunato Michael , Adusumalli Srinath , Chokshi Neel , Harrison Joseph , Rareshide Charles , Patel Mitesh
Published: April 2020

Background

There is growing interest in using wearable devices to remotely monitor patient behaviors. However, there has been little evaluation of how often these technologies are used to monitor sleep patterns over longer term periods, particularly among more high-risk patients.

Objective

The goal of the research was to evaluate the proportion of time that patients with ischemic heart disease used wearable devices to monitor their sleep and identify differences in characteristics of patients with higher versus lower use.

Methods

We evaluated wearable device data from a previously conducted clinical trial testing the use of wearable devices with personalized goal-setting and financial incentives. Patients with ischemic heart disease established a sleep baseline and were then followed for 24 weeks. The proportion of days that sleep data was collected was compared over the 24 weeks and by study arm. Characteristics of patients were compared to groups with high, low, or no sleep data.

Results

The sample comprised 99 patients with ischemic heart disease, among which 79% (78/99) used the wearable device to track their sleep. During the 6-month trial, sleep data were collected on 60% (10,024/16,632) of patient-days. These rates declined over time from 77% (4292/5544) in months 1 and 2 to 58% (3188/5544) in months 3 and 4 to 46% (2544/5544) in months 5 and 6. Sleep data were collected at higher rates among the intervention group compared with control (67% vs 55%, P<.001). In the main intervention period (months 3 and 4), patients with higher rates of sleep data were on average older (P=.03), had a history of smoking (P=.007), and had higher rates of commercial health insurance (P=.03).

Conclusions

Among patients with ischemic heart disease in a physical activity trial, a high proportion used wearable devices to track their sleep; however, rates declined over time. Future research should consider larger evaluations coupled with behavioral interventions.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02531022; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02531022
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE FROM KAPOK (CEIBA PENTANDRA) ALPHA-CELLULOSE
Authors: ARDIYANITA PUTRI ZAHRA , SUTRIYO SUTRIYO , SURYADI HERMAN
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study aimed to obtain sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) from α-cellulose of the hulls of kapok (Ceiba pentandra) anddetermining its identity and characteristics base on compendial requirements and compared to the reference (standard).Methods: α-Cellulose was isolated from kapok hulls and used to generate NaCMC powder through alkalization and carboxymethylation. Alkalizationwas performed using 25% NaOH (containing sodium tetraborate), whereas carboxymethylation was using sodium monochloroacetate. Identificationand characterization were performed through infrared spectrum analysis using Fourier transform infrared, qualitative analysis, organolepticexamination, morphologic examination, and topographical analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction. Tests conductedwere pH determination, sulfated ash content, moisture content, loss on drying, particle density, and viscosity.Results: The obtained NaCMC powder was yellowish-white with a similar infrared spectrum as the NaCMC standard. The powder had a degreeof substitution of 0.57 and a pH of 8.5. According to SEM, the obtained powder had a similar morphology as the NaCMC standard, although thesynthesized NaCMC had a rougher surface. The obtained NaCMC also had a similar diffractogram as the NaCMC standard, which was characterizedby the presence of crystalline and amorphous structures. Besides, the NaCMC powder had a similar moisture content (8.50%), sulfated ash content(36.43%), and loss on drying (9.87%) as the standard, whereas its 1% viscosity value (20.6 cP) was substantially different.Conclusion: NaCMC generated from α-cellulose of kapok hulls fulfills compendial requirements and has similar characteristics to reference.
Robust Confidence Intervals for the Population Mean Alternatives to the Student-t Confidence Interval
Authors: Lloyd Jennifer E. V. , Boonstra Jacqui , Forer Barry , Hershler Rush , Milbrath Constance , Poon Brenda T. , Razaz Neda , Rowcliffe Pippa , Schonert-Reichl Kimberly
Published: April 2020

Population-based, person-specific, longitudinal child and youth health and developmental data linkages involve connecting combinations of specially-collected data and administrative data for longitudinal population research purposes. This glossary provides definitions of key terms and concepts related to their theoretical basis, research infrastructure, research methodology, statistical analysis, and knowledge translation.
Características clínicas y del electroencefalograma de amplitud integrada en recién nacidos con encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica bajo protocolo de hipotermia corporal total
Authors: Serrano Tabares Carolina , Pareja Betancur Isabel Cristina , Gutiérrez Amaya Karem Dayanna , Contreras Ortiz Javier Orlando
Published: April 2020

La encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) es causa importante de mortalidad y discapacidad neurológica en neonatos. La evidencia sugiere que la terapia de hipotermia es capaz de impactar estos desenlaces. Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas y las ayudas diagnósticas realizadas a recién nacidos con EHI sometidos a terapia de hipotermia corporal total con el uso de criterios preestablecidos de ingreso a la terapia, en una muestra de dos instituciones de la ciudad de Medellín.

MÉTODOS:
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el periodo 2017-2018, incluyendo la totalidad de pacientes con EHI ingresados a terapia de hipotermia.

RESULTADOS:
Se obtuvieron datos de 256 pacientes, con predominio masculino (182; 71,1%). Se evidenciaron fallas en el registro y subjetividad en la aplicación de los criterios de ingreso al protocolo de hipotermia en ambas instituciones. En 197 pacientes (77 %) no hubo reporte de evento centinela, y el expulsivo prolongado fue considerado por los clínicos un hallazgo significativo a la hora de definir el ingreso a la terapia. Hubo, además, pacientes ingresados que no cumplieron con el criterio de APGAR ? 5 a los 10 minutos (n = 136). Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de mejorar la adherencia al protocolo de ingreso a la terapia, pero al mismo tiempo señalan la importancia del concepto del clínico a la hora de abordar cada paciente de manera individual.
Las diferentes facetas de la encefalitis autoinmune
Authors: Torres-Ballesteros Viviana , Murcia-Rojas Diana , Ochoa-Urrea Manuela , Vargas-Osorio Juliana , Bernal-Pacheco Oscar , Moreno Moreno Josué
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN:
La encefalitis autoinmune es causada por mecanismos inmunes antineuronales, su presentación clínica es heterogénea, los criterios clínicos y paraclínicos disponibles orientan el abordaje, sin embargo, el reto ocurre cuando no hay autoanticuerpos detectables en suero o líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR).

METODOLOGÍA:
Reportamos cuatro casos destacando la variabilidad de las manifestaciones clínicas, que ante la ausencia de anticuerpos (negativos finalmente en tres de los casos) fueron tratados con inmunoterapia con buena respuesta.

CONCLUSIÓN:
En sitios donde no se dispone de medición de anticuerpos de manera expedita, o a pesar de ser estos negativos, ante la sospecha clínica, apoyado de estudios de LCR, resonancia magnética nuclear y registro electroencefalográfico, se sugiere iniciar inmunoterapia temprana, usualmente dando lugar a reversibilidad del trastorno neurológico.
EVASÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR: tendências e resultados de pesquisa
Authors: Lima Franciele Santos de , Zago Nadir
Published: April 2020

Este artigo trata sobre o fenômeno da evasão na educação superior no Brasil. A partir de um levantamento da produção acadêmica (teses e dissertações), identificamos em seus resumos as principais tendências de estudos sobre o tema. Esta etapa fundamentou uma pesquisa exploratória, em nível de mestrado, voltada ao estudante que interrompe a graduação em uma instituição comunitária do estado de Santa Catarina. Participaram da investigação 538 universitários que trancaram, cancelaram ou transferiram o curso em 2016. Os resultados indicam uma carência de estudos comparativos entre instituições e evidenciam a complexidade de abordagens sobre o tema.Palavras-chave: evasão na educação superior; características sociais do estudante; universidade comunitária.
ESTUDO E TRABALHO NA EXPANSÃO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR NOTURNO: antigas dificuldades, novos enfrentamentos
Authors: Conceição Lourranny Santos Paixão da , Soares David Gonçalves
Published: April 2020

Resenha do livro:CARVALHO, Gisele Francisca da Silva; DIAS, Rafaela Kelsen; SILVA, Rhuan Jonathan (Org.). A Tensa Relação entre o Trabalho e o Estudo no Brasil: os desafios enfrentados pelos estudantes do ensino técnico e superior noturno. São João del-Rei: EDIPET/IF SUDESTE, 2018.
Picturing difference: Juxtaposition, collage and layering of a multi-ethnic street
Authors: Hall Suzanne M.
Published: April 2020

My research is an ethnographic exploration of how cultural and ethnic diversity manifests through regular, face-to-face social contact on the Walworth Road in South London. My focus is the small independent shops along the mile length of this multi-ethnic street and the social and spatial interactions between proprietors and customers within them. While absorbed in an ethnography of everyday life, I searched for ways of understanding the layers of place, time and experience that make this street. As an architect, I had a fascination for how urban space is designed and appropriated, and a predilection for a visual reading of the city. As an inexperienced ethnographer, I had to learn about a much slower process of looking; making time to sit, listen and talk. My research methodology has been influenced by a combination of architectural and ethnographic approaches to how individuals appropriate and re-constitute urban space in the habitual rhythm of their day-to-day lives. In this paper I expand on my ethnographic process of exploring difference through pictures made during fieldwork. I use juxtaposition, collage and layering as both illustrative forms and analytic methods for observing and representing difference.
Development and anthropological fieldwork: Towards a symmetrical anthropology of inter-cultural relations
Authors: Campregher Chris
Published: April 2020

This text reflects on the recent science and technology studies (STS) turn in the anthropology of development. It highlights the similarities between the practice of development cooperation and ethnographic fieldwork. There has been considerable influence of STS in the post-millennium anthropology of development. How do STS and STS-inspired development studies contribute to the broader disciplinary development of anthropology? Based on contributions and concepts from Science and Technology Studies, I argue that the study of development helps us to understand our own knowledge and practice by observing how we engage with other people. The methodological principles and concepts presented in this text allow us to study inter-cultural relations symmetrically, including the researcher and his/her actions.
Coffee and the State in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Howard Sarah
Published: April 2020

Coffee drinking is fundamental to social life in Ethiopia. Based on research in eastern Amhara Region between 2011 and 2015, this paper explores the omnipresent buna ceremony during which coffee is prepared and served, and its role in the lives of rural government workers as an occasion for building group solidarity as protection against the hardships they face. While Ethiopian society is commonly portrayed as highly authoritarian and hierarchical, this ethnographic account of the social lives of low-level officials complicates the picture of a strict divide between state and society, and is a contribution to calls for attention to the ways in which material practices continually constitute the state as a reality.
Envelhecimento Ativo em Questão - Reflexões a partir de uma Oficina de Teatro com Pessoas Idosas
Authors: Siqueira Cinthia Lucia De Oliveira , Martins João Batista
Published: April 2020

O conceito de Envelhecimento Ativo, preconizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e propagado pelos discursos midiáticos e acadêmicos, carrega certa subjetividade sobre o envelhecer que, a nosso ver, precisa ser reavaliado. Com prescrições sobre o que seria um envelhecimento bem-sucedido, idealiza-se a pessoa idosa-modelo e descarta-se o dissenso e as singularidades. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma vivência de teatro voltada a pessoas de mais idade, que pretende contribuir com reflexões acerca deste conceito e sugerir formas originais de pensar e viver a velhice.
Oficina “MemorIdade”: impactos na cognição e queixa de memória em idosos de um Centro de Convivência
Authors: Machado Vitor Pereira , Vicente Ana Carolina Figuerêdo , Oliveira Fernando Carli de , Lima Ana Paula Simões , Augusto Ana Cristina Silva , Seixas Rosimeire Aparecida Manoel , Luchesi Bruna Moretti
Published: April 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos promovidos por uma oficina de memória na cognição e queixa subjetiva de memória, em idosos de um Centro de Convivência. Dez idosos participaram da oficina, que constou de nove encontros semanais que abordaram diversos aspectos, com foco na memória episódica, operacional, e na linguagem. Foi observada melhora significativa nos domínios cognitivos memória e linguagem após a oficina, bem como aumento das queixas subjetivas de memória.
Typology of Breeding Sites and Species Diversity of Culicids (Diptera: Culicidae) in Akanda and its Environs (North West, Gabon)
Authors: Sevidzem Silas Lendzele , Pamba Richard , Koumba Aubin A. , Zinga-Koumba Christophe R. , Mbouloungou Alexis , Yacka Lauriane L. , Djogbenou Luc S. , Mavoungou Jacques F. , M’Batchi Bertrand
Published: April 2020

The typology of larval habitats and the species diversity of culicids were conducted in the Akanda and its environs by collecting mosquito larvae and nymphs present in water collections, from May to June 2019. A total of 334 breeding sites of which 158 positive (47.31%) and 176 negative (52.69%) were identified. Water storage media such as: barrels (n = 95; 28.44%), puddles (n = 73; 21.86%), ponds (n = 47; 14.07%), tires (n = 31; 9.28%) and drains (n = 22; 6.59%) were the most frequent types of breeding sites. In addition, 1 549 mosquito larvae were collected, of which 59.39% belong to the sub-family Culicinae and 40.61% belong to the sub family Anophelinae. After rearing, 790 adults were obtained and divided into 8 species, including Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles pharaoensis, Culex tigripes, Culex decens, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Mansonia uniformis. Although preliminary, this information on the culicid fauna could be useful for the implementation of appropriate control strategies in the study area. Likewise, the presence of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in this area requires that additional studies on its resistance to insecticides be conducted as recommended by the World Health Organization.