bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution and expression of virulence genes (hlyA, sat) and genotyping of Escherichia coli O25b/ST131 by multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Asgharzadeh Sajjad , Golmoradi Zadeh Rezvan , Taati Moghadam Majid , Farahani Eraghiye Hamed , Sadeghi Kalani Behrooz , Masjedian Jazi Faramarz , Mirkalantari Shiva
Published: September 2022

Escherichia coli ST131 is a pandemic clone with high antibiotic resistance, and it is a major causative agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and bloodstream infections. This study evaluated the distribution and expression of virulence genes and genotyping of E. coli O25b/ST131 by Multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) method among UTI in patients at Tehran hospitals, Iran.

A total of 107 E. coli isolates were collected from UTI patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the pabB gene was used to identify E. coli O25b/ST131 and the prevalence of sat and hlyA virulence genes was also analyzed. The microtiter method quantified biofilm formation ability in E. coli O25b/ST131. The Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the expression of sat and hlyA genes. Finally, MLVA was performed for E. coli O25b/ST131 genotyping by targeting seven tandem repeats. SPSS-16 software was used for statistical analysis. Molecular study showed that 71% of isolates carried the pabB gene and were considered E. coli O25b/ST131 strains. Also, 45.8% and 17.8% of isolates carried sat and hlyA genes, respectively. The 57.9% isolates had biofilm formation ability. Expression of the studied virulence genes showed an increase in strong biofilm producing E. coli O25b/ST131 strains. A total of 76 (100%) E. coli O25b/ST131 strains were typed by the MLVA method.

High prevalence of E. coli O25b/ST131 isolates in UTI patients can be a serious warning to the treatment due to the high antibiotic resistance rate, expression of virulence genes, and biofilm formation.
The impact of oil price shocks on inflation: Do asymmetries matter?
Authors: Turan Taner , Özer Hüseyin A.
Published: September 2022

Using cointegration approach and Augmented Phillips Curve framework, this study examines the effects of changes in the global oil prices on the inflation rate for five CEE countries between 1994 and 2018. Our research indicates the existence of cointegration for Czechia, Poland and Slovakia. We find a positive relationship between changes of oil prices and the inflation rate in Poland in the long run. Additionally, it seems that the changes in oil prices impact the inflation rate in the long run for Czechia, Hungary and Poland. In a non-linear model framework cointegration is found in Czechia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. Our findings suggest that changes in oil prices significantly affect the inflation rate in Czechia, Hungary and Poland in the long-run and in all countries in the short-run. More importantly, we demonstrate that the short- and long-run asymmetries play a significant role in explaining the dynamics of the inflation rate.
The institutional determinants of outward foreign direct investment
Authors: Drapkin Igor , Lukyanov Sergey , Shelkovnikov Vadim
Published: September 2022

This study focuses on the influence of institution quality on foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows. For empirical estimation, we use a dataset covering 102 home and 67 host countries from 2001 to 2016. We use the gravity approach and apply the Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood method to derive unbiased estimates. A set of institutional variables in a country is integrated into a single institutional index using principal component analysis. Our main findings are the following. First, we only identify a positive influence of the level of institutional development on FDI outflows for the institutionally developed countries. Second, we have not found evidence for crowding out national investment in the countries with weak institutions. Third, increases in the level of institutions stimulate horizontal rather than vertical outward FDI in an economy. Finally, institutional distance negatively affects the level of outward FDI only when the institutional distance between the two countries is large. The policy implications of this research are strongly in favour of further developing institutions.
Effect of g-family incorporation on corrosion behavior of PEO-treated titanium alloys: a review
Authors: Pourshadloo Meysam , Rezaei Hesam Asghar , Saeidnia Mina , Alkokab Hossein , Bathaei Masoud Soroush
Published: September 2022

By being exposed to air or moisture or by a chemical reaction, titanium (Ti) forms an oxide layer on its surface, which is stable and tightly adherent and provides it with protection from the environment, since titanium is a reactive material. Due to its extremely low thickness (∼10 nm), this oxide layer is easily destroyed under corrosion conditions. Through plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), titanium and titanium alloys can be equipped with thick and adhesive titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings to enhance their surface characteristics. In the PEO process, titanium dioxide composite coatings can be formed by mixing proper additives with electrolytes, such as powders, particles, sheets or compounds. Graphene and its family derivatives (i.e. graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide) are among the most popular additives used in PEO composite coatings due to their high stability in corrosive media. Graphene-family nanosheets can accumulate in PEO coatings because of their porous nature, changing the surface characteristics dramatically. The use of graphene-family nanosheets in electrolytes can be useful in reducing coating porosity and improving final corrosion properties by adjusting electrolyte conditions. Therefore, the diffusion pathways for corrosive ions in composite titanium dioxide coatings become considerably more tortuous than those for pure titanium dioxide.
Influence of synthesis conditions on the structure and size of magnetite nanoparticles in coprecipitation method without stabilizer in one system
Authors: Xia Maoxue , Liu Yu , Huang Nianhua , Zhu Hongyu , Hao Jianyuan
Published: September 2022

The unique properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) have promoted a wide range of applications in various fields, but specifying and defining the preparation conditions of MNPs with the desired monodispersed size are still challenges. This paper discusses systematically the influence of synthesis conditions on the structure and size of MNPs in the coprecipitation method without a stabilizer in one system. The ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)/iron (III) (Fe3+) ratio, iron (III)/iron (II) (Fe2+) ratio, initial concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl), total concentration of iron ions, reaction temperature, aging time and washing times were investigated. The surface of magnetite crystals was easily oxidized at high ammonium hydroxide/iron (III) ratios, and the high pH value of the reaction system can induce a large crystalline size. The hydrodynamic diameter of MNPs was efficiently controlled by the equilibrium between Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) forces and non-DLVO forces. An appropriate initial concentration of hydrochloric acid and a higher reaction temperature can reduce the crystalline size due to the decelerated nucleation rate. The aging time and the total concentration of iron affected the crystalline size positively. Noticeably, the pH value of the MNP dispersion in distilled water would remarkably reduce after each washing by centrifugation due to surface absorption of the hydroxy group. This research provided fundamental support for the reproducible preparation of MNPs in the coprecipitation method.
ABOUT A RIGHT OF PERSON UNDER PROCEDURE OF COMPULSORY MEASURES OF MEDICAL CHARACTER APPLICATION TO APPEAL THE COURT DECISION
Authors:   Perm State University, Kilina I. V.
Published: September 2022

rules of Ch. 45.1 of the Russian Federation code of Criminal Procedure regulating appeals instance in the court proceeding do not specify a person who is or was under procedure of compulsory measures of medical character application among subjects of appeal. The author analyzes the situations when the rights of hereinabove persons can be violated. He puts forward a proposal on legislative improvement of Ch. 45.1 of the Russian Federation code of Criminal Procedure by means of inclusion of a person who is or was under procedure of compulsory measures of medical character application into subjects of appeal and recognition in legislation of reformatio in pejus regulations admissibility towards such persons.
CRYPTOCURRENCY LEGAL REGULATION: DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Demieva A. G.
Published: September 2022

the development of digital economics has taken on vital importance nowadays. Entrepreneurs in their business actively use digital technologies by which they enter into civil law relationships of different nature. Cryptocurrency usage in commerce is one of the most topical issues discussed in a legal community. The article analyzes an issue of legal regulation of cryptocurrency which logically follows digital technologies and digital economics development. Presently there are no legislative mechanisms of cryptocurrency turnover and usage regulation. The main aim of the article is to develop legal suggestions for cryptocurrency effective regulation. With this aim the author has analyzed cryptocurrency development trend in the Russian Federation, studied experience of foreign countries (USA, Germany, France, China and Japan). In his article the author offers for the legal community a single matrix of the cryptocurrency legal regulation which comprises three levels: international, regional and national.
TESTAMENTARY: UNTYPICAL FORMS OF THE WILL AND THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Perm State University, Andropova T. V.
Published: September 2022

the article reviews the experience of foreign countries in the implementation of such forms of wills as nuncupative wills and the possibility of using this form in the Russian legislation. It also analyzes the possibility of applying of audio and video digital equipment in the preparation of wills, the validity and legality of the recording of the last will by the testator in this way. In particular, analysis of the application of vide, such as an actual form of disposition of the property under the inheritance relationships. Summarizing the research, it should be underlined the necessity of amending the legislation of the Russian Federation concerning the introduction of atypical forms of wills, and concluded that the special projects will be explored the relationship between the digital equipment and the possibility of the execution of the last will of the testator, in terms of feasibility and usefulness of such equipment.
METAMORPHOSES OF THE PRINCIPLE OF FREEDOM OF THE CONTRACT IN FAMILY LAW
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Krasnova T. V.
Published: September 2022

together with special norms on the maternity capital directed to acquisition of the real estate, rules of the civil legislation on the real rights, the general property (share and joint) and also rules of the principle of freedom of the contract are involved. The author researches situations of the simplified approach to interpretation of the principle of freedom of the contract in family law when determining shares in the acquired real estate. The conclusion is drawn that in family law differentiation of limits of contractual freedom for the participants of the property relations with the different status has to be most considered. Limits of freedom of the contract are narrower for subjects of family law than for the most of subjects of civil law.
MODELS OF ORGANIZATION AND CARRYING OUT OF REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Tatarinova O. V.
Published: September 2022

in 2014, the Regulatory Impact Assessment became mandatory in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The article considers the main issues of the introduction of the Regulatory Impact Assessment impact in the executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the models of RIA organization. The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation has developed methodological recommendations, with the main areas of development of RIA in the regions, which have become a guide to action, but there are differences in the conduct of RIA in the regions of the Russian Federation.
LEGAL REGULATION OF SECURITY – SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN ASPECT OF NEGATIVE MANIFESTATIONS
Authors:   Perm State University, Shmykov V. I.
Published: September 2022

public safety means the state of human security. Security is understood as the absence of unacceptable risk. Accordingly, the risk is determined by the factors of damage and the probability of its occurrence. The definition of damage takes into account the social, mental and socio-psychological aspects of human life, which are the content of personal security
TO A QUESTION OF HIERARCHY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL VALUES IN CIS AND BALTIC COUNTRIES
Authors:   Perm State University, Khudoley K. M. , Khudoley D. M. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2022

all system of the constitutional values in the state is in a condition of dynamic balance and is characterized by unity and integrity, functionality, degree of structure and difficult organization, not reducibility to properties of its separate elements. The comparative analysis of constitutions of neighboring countries confirms existence of hierarchy in system of the constitutional values. Considering the humanistic content of the majority of constitutions of CIS and Baltic countries, authors offer the following hierarchy of the constitutional values: the supreme value (absolute and relative values), priority values (can limit all other values, except absolute), and other values. At the same time the hierarchy of the constitu-tional values has rather conditional character owing to the changing concrete historical situation development of society and state and jurisprudence of bodies of the constitutional control owing to what there is no strict list of such values.
THE PROBLEM OF METHOD IN FORENSIC LINGUISTIC EXPERTISE
Authors:   Belgorod National Research University, Yaroshchuk I. A.
Published: September 2022

this article is devoted to the disclosure of one of the main problems of forensic linguistic expertise-the problem of the method. To date, the expert linguist to conduct research plenty of diverse, unconventional controversial texts, the semantic orientation of which is to be determined. Knowledge of the basic principles and provisions of the functional linguistics, cognitive, linguopragmatic determine the choice of the desired direction of research and, accordingly, the various techniques, the development of a unified system which is a priority of experts
TRANSFORMATION OF CONTRACT LAW IN CONDITIONS OF USING SELF-ORGANIZED PROGRAMS
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Sinelnikova V. N.
Published: September 2022

the analysis of changes of contents, conditions and an order of performance of the separate contracts including connected with creation and use of the results of intellectual activity caused by application of the self-organized programs which it is accepted to call artificial intelligence or robots is presented in article. Such programs at today's stage of development of law allow to create conditions of many contracts which are actively used in civil circulation in algorithms of development of situations and acceptance of countermeasures which are implemented on model: if..
JURIDICAL METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES OF CROWDFUNDING
Authors:   Perm State University, Kuznetsova О. A.
Published: September 2022

over the last five years, the crowdfunding (collective financing with the use of new information technologies) has captured the markets of all developed countries, and it has received proper legal regulation in the majority of them. In Russia, the unified legal rules for crowdfunding relations have not yet been developed, although the law project work has been actively performed during the last two years. This article presents the juridical methodological analysis of Federal Law "On Raising Investments Using Investment Platforms" that passed the first reading in the State Duma. A conclusion is made about the necessity to improve the juridical methodology of the draft law.
Parámetros linguo-pragmáticos de los mini textos literarios en inglés y ucraniano
Authors: Novikova Olga , Yeshchenko Tetyana , Orenchak Olha , Truba Hanna , Bilokonenko Liudmyla
Published: September 2022

El problema de analizar el impacto de los minitextos literarios en una amplia gama de audiencias ha sido abordado parcialmente hasta ahora. El objetivo del artículo fue investigar el análisis de estructuras ocultas de marcos a partir de las respuestas de los encuestados sobre la base de mini-textos literarios sobre moda. El aspecto funcional-pragmático de los textos actualizados preparados para los encuestados, que fue seleccionado para el análisis, permite identificar el propósito oculto y el significado de los mini-textos literarios en el discurso de la moda en general. El estudio involucró métodos discursivos e intencionales, el método de modelado cognitivo, una combinación de tareas como “opción múltiple” y experimento asociativo libre (el método de enumeración). El experimento identificó un modelo de evento comunicativo, cuya estructura lingüística es la más común en los minitextos literarios de la revista Vogue. El estudio mostró la proporción de todo tipo de eventos comunicativos en minitextos, donde se verbalizan los conceptos de “desafío”, “tiempo”, “sin esfuerzo”, cada uno con ciertas fórmulas de lenguaje en minitextos literarios sobre moda. Los materiales de investigación empírica pueden ser de utilidad para recomendaciones metodológicas a estudiantes universitarios a la hora de profundizar en trabajos multivectoriales sobre filología. Un área prometedora de investigación es la selección y descripción de conceptos clave del discurso de mini-textos en diacronía.
Comprensión lectora en la virtualidad: Experiencia de docentes peruanos en el contexto Covid 19
Authors: Garagatti Gutiérrez Noemí Felinda , Rivera Arellano Edith Gissela , Garro Aburto Luzmila Lourdes , Clemente Castillo Consuelo Del Pilar
Published: September 2022

La COVID-19 trastocó la dinámica educativa global, situación que demandó el uso de las tecnologías a los docentes para desarrollar sus clases. Se analiza las experiencias de docentes peruanos con respecto a la enseñanza de la comprensión lectora en escuelas rurales del Perú en un contexto de educación a distancia. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo de diseño fenomenológico-hermenéutico centrado en tres categorías: Educación a distancia, significado de la enseñanza de la comprensión lectora y perspectivas de futuro de la educación post pandemia. Los participantes fueron seis docentes que trabajan en escuelas rurales de los departamentos de Cuzco, Huancayo, Huancavelica y Cajamarca del Perú, seleccionados a través de un muestreo propositivo e intencional. Se utilizó una entrevista semi estructurada de 15 preguntas. Los docentes que educan en escuelas rurales reportan que las necesidades socio económicas de los estudiantes limitan el acceso a equipos tecnológicos y a internet; a pesar de ello, fueron creativos e innovadores en el uso de estrategias para desarrollar la comprensión lectora en una educación a distancia en el contexto de la pandemia, demostrando compromiso y dedicación en esta modalidad.
Examen del efecto del trabajo infantil en el acceso de niños en edad escolar a la educación en Turquía
Authors: Bayram Arslan
Published: September 2022

El objetivo principal de esta investigación cualitativa es analizar la situación del trabajo infantil en Turquía y, como resultado, el acceso de estos niños a la educación básica en derechos humanos. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo con la técnica de análisis histórico/documental, uno de los métodos de investigación cualitativa. Para ello, se analizaron las estadísticas preparadas por el Instituto de Estadística de Turquía y el Ministerio de Educación Nacional. Se ha concluido que el trabajo infantil es común en Turquía como en el mundo. Las principales causas del trabajo infantil son la pobreza, la migración, la mano de obra barata y la necesidad de trabajadores domésticos. Se concluyó que la mayoría de los niños trabajadores estaban sin educación y tenían que trabajar sin educación para contribuir al presupuesto familiar. El bajo nivel de escolaridad en los sistemas educativos y la insuficiente capacidad educativa se encuentran entre los factores que provocan el trabajo infantil. Además, la educación es vista como una pérdida de tiempo costosa y no rentable.
Aprendizaje de idiomas usando Machine Learning: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Gamboa-Cruzado Javier , Huamani-Jeri Jhon , Najarro-Buitron Abel , Hidalgo Sánchez Augusto , Daga Chaca Marisol , Horna Zegarra Indalecio
Published: September 2022

El aprendizaje de idiomas mediante uso de Machine Learning (ML) ha tomado significancia, empleando técnicas y algoritmos con la capacidad de resolver traducción de texto, audio e imágenes. En ese contexto, el objetivo de la investigación es determinar los avances a nivel mundial acerca del aprendizaje de idiomas usando ML con la finalidad de apoyar y animar a los investigadores a emprender nuevas investigaciones experimentales al respecto. La cantidad de investigaciones del aprendizaje de idiomas y ML requiere una revisión sistemática de la literatura, limitando los años de revisión entre el 2016 y el 2021. Las fuentes consultadas son: Taylor & Francis, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, ARDI y ERIC. Los estudios encontrados inicialmente fueron de 55237, luego de aplicar rigurosos criterios de exclusión se obtuvieron 82 artículos. Los resultados de la revisión concluyen que la técnica más utilizada para el aprendizaje de idiomas mediante ML es Support Vector Machine (SVM), seguido de K-means (K-M) y la forma en que han evolucionado los conceptos tienden a la automatización del aprendizaje. La revisión ofrece un acercamiento a las tendencias en el aprendizaje de idiomas con ML, además que las keywords que presentan más coocurrencia en las investigaciones son “machine learning”, “natural lenguaje processing” y “machine translation”.
El concepto de “argot” en el discurso de la comunicación juvenil por internet en inglés y chino
Authors: Kravchenko Odarka , Vakaliuk Ivanna , Kuzmych Oksana , Pereverten Nataliia , Sydorenko Tetyana
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo estudiar los aspectos funcionales, lingüístico-pragmáticos y semánticos de la jerga juvenil en la comunicación por internet en inglés y chino. Para ello, se utilizaron los siguientes métodos empíricos, componentes discursivos, comparativos, lingüísticos y pragmáticos, asi como elementos estadísticos y descriptivos; a fin de lograr los objetivos de la investigación. El estudio identificó los conceptos predominantes de la jerga en el espacio de Internet para jóvenes en inglés. Estos son “educación”, “Descanso”, “amor”, “apariencia”, “emoción”, “beber”, “características de personalidad”, “internet”; siendo los más numerosos “educación” y “recreación”. El discurso en chino en la comunicación por internet se presenta con menos claridad que en inglés. El uso de muchas jergas en el espacio de internet se debe a la necesidad de expresar la individualidad y el deseo de concisión en la comunicación verbal entre los jóvenes. Asimismo, existe una tendencia creciente hacia el surgimiento, la difusión y el uso de la jerga de internet para denotar los medios y las herramientas del aprendizaje a distancia. Los resultados y conclusiones del estudio se pueden utilizar en clases de lexicología, sociología, comunicación intercultural, lingüística culturalmente orientada y lecciones de inglés.
Optimisation of Amphiphilic-Polymer Coatings for Improved Chemical Stability of NaYF4-based Upconverting Nanoparticles
Authors: Černič Tina , Koren Monika , Majaron Boris , Ponikvar-Svet Maja , Lisjak Darja
Published: September 2022

NaYF4 nanoparticles codoped with Yb3+ and Tm3+ exhibit upconversion fluorescence in near-infrared and visible spectral range. Consequently, such upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) can be used as contrast agents in medical diagnostics and bioassays. However, they are not chemically stable in aqueous dispersions, especially in phosphate solutions. Protective amphiphilic-polymer coatings based on poly(maleic anhydride-alt-octadec-1-ene) (PMAO) and bis(hexamethylene) triamine (BHMT) were optimised to improve the chemical stability of UCNPs under simulated physiological conditions. Morphologies of the bare and coated UCNPs was inspected with transmission electron microscopy. All samples showed intense UC fluorescence at ~800 nm, typical for Tm3+. The colloidal stability of aqueous dispersions of bare and coated UCNPs was assessed by dynamic light scattering and measurements of zeta potential. The dissolution of UCNP in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C, was assessed potentiometrically by measuring the concentration of the dissolved fluoride. Protection against the dissolution of UCNPs was achieved by PMAO and PMAO crosslinked with BHMT.
Adsorption Properties of Low-Cost Synthesized Nanozeolite L for Efficient Removal of Toxic Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Gilani Neda Salek , Tilami Salma Ehsani , Azizi Seyed Naser
Published: September 2022

In this study, nanozeolite L was applied for the removal of toxic methylene blue dye (MB) to evaluate its feasibility as an effective adsorbent. Synthesized nanozeolite L was characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and energy-dispersive Xray analysis (EDX) methods to determine its basic physicochemical properties. Batch adsorption studies were performed as a function of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial MB concentration, and temperature. The adsorption behavior of MB was fitted better by the Langmuir isotherm than by the Freundlich isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity of nanozeolite L was obtained 80.64 mg g–1. The negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) and the positive value of the standard enthalpy change (ΔH°) affirmed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Based on these findings, nanozeolite L, with high surface area, great adsorption capacity, and low synthetic cost, can be an effective and economical adsorbent for MB removal.
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Degradation Kinetics of a New Pyrazole Derived Methacrylate Polymer, Poly(1,3-Diphenyl-1H-Pyrazol-5-Yl Methacrylate)
Authors: Kurt Adnan , Koca Murat
Published: September 2022

Since the behavior and properties of macromolecular pyrazole derived polymers differ from their small molecules, such polymers are in the class of well-defined functional polymers due to the fact that the pyrazole ring contains two π-bonds as well as two hetero atoms in its structure, and this feature makes them important in the fields of scientific and technological applications. In present study, therefore, we synthesized a new pyrazole derived methacrylate monomer, 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl methacrylate, from the reaction of 1,3-diphenyl-5-pyrazolone with methacryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. After that, its homopolymerization was carried out by free radical polymerization method at 60 °C initiated with benzoyl peroxide. Spectral characterizations were achieved by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. The kinetics of thermal degradation of the new polymer, poly(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl methacrylate), poly(DPPMA), were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at different heating rates. The initial decomposition temperature of the polymer changed from 216.3 °C to 243.5 °C depending on the increasing heating rate. The thermal decomposition activation energies in a conversion range of 7–19% were 79.45 kJ/mol and 81.56 kJ/mol by the Flynn– Wall–Ozawa and Kissinger methods, respectively. Thermodegradation mechanism of the poly(DPPMA) were investigated in detail by using different kinetic methods available in the literature such as Coats-Redfern, Tang, Madhusudanan and Van Krevelen. Among all these methods, the best result was obtained for Coats-Redfern method (E = 90.93 kJ/mol) at the optimum heating rate of 15 °C/min for D1 mechanism that is a one-dimensional diffusion type deceleration mechanism.
Soft Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) Based Aqueous Particles
Authors: Siirilä Joonas , Tenhu Heikki
Published: September 2022

Soft nanoparticles are an important class of material with potential to be used as carriers of active compounds. Swollen, penetrable particles can act as a host for the active ingredients and provide stability, stimuli-responsiveness and recyclability for the guest. Thermoresponsive colloidal gel particles are especially attractive for such applications due to the extremely soft structure, size and responsiveness. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) is a much studied, popular thermoresponsive polymer. The polymer has low toxicity and the phase transition temperature is close to body temperature. During the phase transition, the polymer becomes less soluble, the particle expels a large part of water and the particle collapses to a more compact form. The diffusion of material in and from the particles is largely affected by this transition. As the solubility of the polymer changes, so do the interactions with the loaded compound. This feature article focuses on the synthetic methods, properties and applications of soft PNVCL particles.
Review of the social studies course academic achievements of middle school students in the context of behavioral grades
Authors: DEMİR Yılmaz
Published: September 2022

In this study, it is aimed to examine the social studies academic achievements of secondary school students in Turkey according to various behaviors (adaptation to school culture, self-care, self-awareness, communication and social interaction, conforming to common values, solution-oriented, participation in social activities, teamwork and responsibility, efficient study, environmental sensitivity). In accordance with this purpose, in the fall term of 2021-2022, “the primary school institutions classroom passing book” and “the evaluation schedule of student behavior” showing the course grades and behavior grades of a total of 484 seventh graders who were studying at six public secondary schools in Kilis city center was reached. The data obtained were transferred to SPSS 23 program and analyzed. In the research, significant differences were found between the students’ academic achievements and “adaptation to school culture”, “self-care”, “self-awareness”, “communication and social interaction”, “conforming to common values”, “solution-oriented”, “participation in social activities”, “teamwork and responsibility”, “efficient study”, “environmental sensitivity”. The research findings showed that the academic success of the social studies course was in favor of students who were ‘very good’ and ‘very good’ among students whose behavior level was ‘good’ and ‘should be improved’, with “adaptation to school culture”, “self-care”, “self-awareness”, “communication and social interaction”, “conforming to common values”, “solution-oriented”, “teamwork and responsibility”, “efficient study” and “environmental sensitivity.”
Human Sample Processing and Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles with Size Exclusion Chromatography v1
Authors: Nathaniel Diehl J.
Published: September 2022

This protocol details the steps necessary to isolate circulating plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human peripheral blood samples. This protocol utilizes an automated fraction collector (AFC) and qEV size-exclusion chromatography columns from IZON Science. This is intended to serve as the first step in the workflow for EV quantification along with “Measurement of extracellular vesicles with tunable resistance pulse sensing (TRPS).”
Avaliando o feito moderador e mediador do comprometimento afetivo e da justiça procedimental na relação entre sistemas de recompensas e desempenho no trabalho
Authors: Silva Maiara Sardá , Mendes Alcindo Cipriano Argolo , Beuren Ilse Maria , Lunkes Rogério João , Kruger Silvana Dalmutt
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Este artigo analisa o efeito dos sistemas de recompensas no desempenho no trabalho, mediado pelo comprometimento afetivo, considerando o possível efeito moderador da justiça procedimental na relação entre os sistemas de recompensas e o comprometimento afetivo.Método: Uma survey foi realizada com funcionários de cooperativas das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. Para a análise das 146 respostas válidas, utilizou-se a modelagem de equações estruturais.
Resultados: Os resultados confirmaram efeito direto das recompensas intrínsecas no desempenho no trabalho e das recompensas extrínsecas no comprometimento afetivo. O comprometimento afetivo não medeia a relação entre as recompensas e o desempenho no trabalho. A análise complementar indicou que as recompensas intrínsecas influenciam o comprometimento afetivo dos funcionários com menos de 30 anos, com graduação completa, do gênero feminino e de cooperativas de saúde. A percepção de justiça procedimental do gênero feminino e dos respondentes de cooperativas de saúde modera o efeito das recompensas intrínsecas no comprometimento afetivo. Nas cooperativas de crédito, o comprometimento afetivo dos funcionários influencia o desempenho no trabalho.
Contribuições: O estudo contribui com a literatura e a prática gerencial ao explorar os efeitos dos diferentes tipos de recompensas no comportamento e desempenho dos funcionários e revelar que a percepção de justiça procedimental de determinados grupos de funcionários fortalece o comprometimento afetivo.
Genetic contributions to productivity and nutritional aspects in cassava crops
Authors: Bester Adriano Udich , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Loro Murilo Vieira , Ramos Adriano Hirsch , Sfalcin Inaê Carolina , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da , Foguesatto Felipe da Rosa , Foguesatto Marcos Vinícius Uhde
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to highlight the behavior of cassava cultivars when subjected to different densities and biostimulants at planting and to select superior cultivars based on nutritional and productive attributes using the multivariate approach. The experiment design used randomized blocks in a three-factor scheme, with three cassava cultivars (FEPAGRO-RS 13 Vassourinha, BRS CS01, Iapar - 19 Pioneira) × two planting densities (10 and 20 buds per linear meter) × two biostimulator forms (with and without) in three replications, totaling 36 experiment units. Cultivar BRS CS01 had the highest yield and concentration of mineral material, genotype FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha had the highest lipid content, and Iapar 19 - Pioneira had the highest protein concentrations. The starch content was tested with a comparison of means and MGIDI index. Cultivar FEPAGRO - RS 13 Vassourinha had the highest content and, according to the index, was the ideal cultivar based on multi-characteristics. Density 10 with the biostimulator was favorable for productivity and lipids, whereas density 10 without the biostimulator was favorable for starch, lipids, proteins and productivity. Density 20 with the biostimulator was favorable for lipids.
Why Ambitious and Just Climate Mitigation Needs Political Science
Authors: Brutschin Elina , Andrijevic Marina
Published: September 2022

A large-scale transformation of the energy system, which climate mitigation entails, is a global and highly politicized problem. This thematic issue brings together scholars who work with Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs)—which are used for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports and other key analyses of future climate trajectories—and social scientists working on climate and energy issues to highlight how the two strands of research could benefit from combining insights across different disciplines and methods. One of the key messages across almost all contributions is that the more technical perspectives could benefit from adjusting their assumptions to reflect the patterns observed in quantitative and qualitative social science. Combining different disciplines is methodologically challenging but promising to ensure that the mitigation strategies developed are considered technically and politically feasible, as well as just.
Validation Chronic Acquired Polyneuropathy – Patient Reported Index (CAP-PRI) in Russia for CIDP patients
Authors: Suponeva N. A. , Melnik E. A. , Arestova A. S. , Yusupova D. G. , Zimin A. A. , Zaytsev A. B. , Polekhina N. V. , Gatina G. A. , Ramchandani Nisha Mohan , Bundhun Pratish , Golovneva E. A. , Gnedovskaya E. V. , Grishina D. A.
Published: September 2022

Background. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is the most common immune‑mediated polyneuropathy. CIDP is characterized by a long‑term progressive or recurrent course of the disease and the development of neurological deficits and disability, it is important to assess the quality of life of patients. The paper presents the results of the first and second steps of validation of the Chronic acquired polyneuropathy – Patient Reported Index (CAP‑PRI) questionnaire designed to assess quality of life in patients with immune‑mediated polyneuropathy.Aim. To develop the Russian version of the CAP‑PRI questionnaire.Materials and methods. 85 patients with CIDP (according to EAN / PNS 2021 criteria) were enrolled. At the first step we conducted linguocultural validation according to the standard protocol. Two Russian‑speaking professional translators in the field of medicine performed direct translation of the original English‑language questionnaire, and the back translation was performed by native speakers with a medical background. At the second step the psychometric parameters were evaluated.Results. The developed Russian version of the CAP‑PRI questionnaire demonstrated a high level of reliability, validity and sensitivity.Conclusion. The Russian version of the CAP‑PRI questionnaire is recommended for clinical practice and research. In addition, the relationship between improved quality of life and the reduction of neurological deficits, disability and fatigue (as assessed by the IRODS, NIS and FSS scales) has been shown.
Characteristics of genetic changes in the SMN1 gene in spinal muscular atrophy 5q
Authors: Dil A. V. , Nazarov V. D. , Sidorenko D. V. , Lapin S. V. , Emanuel V. L.
Published: September 2022

Background. Proximal spinal muscular atrophy 5q (5q‑SMA) is one of the most common neuromuscular diseases, which is caused by mutations of the SMN1 gene. Despite the fact that most studies consider SMN1 “deletion” as the most common cause of 5q‑SMA, gene loss is in fact associated with both classical deletions and conversions of SMN1 and SMN2, as well as with formation of chimeric structures. Up to now, far too little attention has been paid to the prevalence of types of SMN1 loss. However, different types of mutations can have different influence on the clinical findings and the effectiveness of therapy. A deeper study of the structure of these genes will allow us to determine the predictors of response to treatment and bring us closer to understanding the reasons for the instability of the SMN region.Aim. To study genetic changes in the SMN1 gene, as well as the number of copies of the SMN1 and SMN2 genes in 5q‑SMA.Materials and methods. The study involved 703 patients, for whom the analysis of the number of copies of SMN1 and SMN2 was performed in the center of molecular medicine of I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University for 2018–2021. Gene copy number analysis was performed by multiplex ligation‑dependent probe amplification (MLPA) using the SALSA MLPA P021 SMA kit (MRC Holland).Results. Among 703 participants, a homozygous SMN1 deletion was found in 167 (24 %), 76 (11 %) were carriers of the deletion and no aberrations were found in the remaining 460 (65 %). Among patients with a homozygous deletion, 41 (24 %) cases of a true deletion were identified. Also, 11 (7 %) cases of partial deletion with a homozygous loss of the 7th exon and heterozygous of the 8th exon of SMN1 were identified. The most common type of aberration was the conversion of SMN1 to SMN2 – 94 (56 %) cases, which is characterized by a homozygous loss of SMN1 and a reciprocal increase in SMN2 copies. In addition, 21 (13 %) cases of the formation of hybrid genes were found.Conclusion. Types of genetic aberrations in 5q‑SMA have not been studied enough yet. A search of the literature revealed very few studies which results are comparable with ours. However, further research of genetic changes in SMN1 and SMN2 might bring more clarity on the causes and mechanisms of this disease, and get us closer to finding the most effective method of treatment.
Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4: case report and review
Authors: Rudenskaya G. E. , Nikitin S. S. , Shatokhina O. L. , Shchagina O. A.
Published: September 2022

Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) presents a group of few rare monogenic disorders with onset from early childhood up to 25 years and much more benign course than “classic” ALS. Autosomal dominant ALS type 4 (ALS4) related to SETX gene is one of them. In spite of characteristic combined involvement of central and peripheral motor neurons, ALS4 clinical diagnostics may be difficult, particularly in atypical and/or non‑familial cases and electroneuromyography underestimation. Massive parallel sequencing permits diagnosing majority of cases and performing genetic counselling in families.Aim of this work: to describe non‑familial ALS4 case detected by whole‑exome sequencing and present a review on poorly known disorder.A 21‑year‑old female patient in a consanguineous family was examined; methods: clinical, genealogical, electroneuromyography, peripheral nerves ultrasound; molecular: panel and whole‑exome sequencing, bioinformatical analysis.The girl is an only child and an only patient in a family of Mountain Jews – first cousins. She had spastic paraparesis since age of independent walking (1.5 y.o.) and early feet deformation, her first diagnosis was cerebral palsy. In 12 years spasticity progressed, walking was lost. After orthopedic surgery in 15 years supported walking restored, at that age leg distal amyotrophy developed with no further progressing. Due to electroneuromyography results polyneuropathy was misdiagnosed. In 21 years repeated electroneuromyography excluded polyneuropathy and detected generalized motor neuron impairment and juvenile ALS was suggested. On neurological examination pronounced spastic paraparesis together with peripheral leg paraparesis without sensory impairment were detected; her supported gait was of mixed spastic and paretic types; there were no fasciculations or fibrillations.Whole‑exome sequencing detected a novel heterozygous missense mutation c.4442A>G (p.Lys1481Arg) in SETX exon 10. Sanger familial sequencing was not possible, but DNA finding matching the phenotype supported ALS4 diagnosis. Juvenile ALS4 (SETX gene) is a relatively benign autosomal dominant disease, imitating in different stages other nervous disorders of early and young age; genealogy is not always informative. Along with typical cases (like our patient) clinical variability exists. Electroneuromyography is the main instrumental tool. Methods of massive parallel sequencing are optimal in DNA testing of juvenile ALS.
Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms – Auswirkungen auf die Kreditvergabe österreichischer Genossenschaftsbanken
Authors: Klein Philipp
Published: September 2022

Im Dezember 2017 wurde eine Überarbeitung der bis dato geltenden BASEL III Richtlinien mit dem Titel „Basel III: Finalising post-crisis reforms” veröffentlicht, welche wesentliche Änderungen für die österreichischen Genossenschaftsbanken mit sich bringen. Dabei liegt der Fokus dieses Artikles speziell auf die Veränderung im Kreditrisiko Standardansatz für die Bemessung des Kreditrisikos. Anhand einer Simulation sollen mögliche Auswirkungen auf die Eigenmittelquote dargestellt und Handlungsmaßnahmen abgeleitet werden.
Control de un laboratorio de control de temperatura mediante redes neuronales recurrentes
Authors: Blanco Fernández Cristian , Sierra-García Jesús Enrique , Santos Matilde
Published: September 2022

El control predictivo (MPC – Model Predictive Control) de procesos es una estrategia extendida, que se basa en la resolución de un problema de optimización en tiempo real, lo que puede ser computacionalmente muy costoso en función de la naturaleza del problema en cuestión. Para superar esta limitación, se ha investigado la posibilidad de utilizar redes neuronales entrenadas para sustituir a este tipo de controladores. La idea subyacente es que para problemas que muestran un comportamiento predecible, se puede entrenar una red a partir de un controlador optimizado para que pueda sustituirlo. De esta forma los costes computacionales se trasladan al entrenamiento de la red, permitiendo el control en tiempo real sin necesidad de realizar operaciones computacionalmente complejas. Este trabajo explora esta idea a partir de un laboratorio de control de temperatura. Se entrenan dos tipos de redes neuronales recurrentes, y se compara su funcionamiento con el de un controlador tradicional.
Optimizing of chemical admixtures for 3D printable cementitious materials by central composite design
Authors: Li Mingyang , Weng Yiwei , Liu Zhixin , Zhang Dong , Wong Teck Neng
Published: September 2022

Printability of 3D printable cementitious materials is related to material rheological properties, and is affected and controlled by modern concrete chemical admixtures. In this work, the influence of several chemical admixtures including superplasticizer, retarder, and accelerator on the rheological characteristics of printable materials was investigated using central composite design (CCD). Twenty test points with varying dosages of chemical admixtures were performed to evaluate the primary effects of chemical admixtures and their combined interactive effects on the rheological properties. The results indicate that with the increase of retarder or superplasticizer dosage, all rheological parameters decrease while accelerator possesses an opposite impact. The rheological properties are negatively proportional to the combined interactive effect of retarder and accelerator. The combined interactive effect of retarder and superplasticizer positively affects dynamic yield stress, plastic viscosity, and thixotropy, while it negatively impacts static yield stress. The combined interactive effect of accelerator and retarder positively affects the yield stress, whereas it negatively influences the plastic viscosity and thixotropy. The results indicate that the CCD is an efficient method to find the desirable formulation within a given boundary.
Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment
Authors: Sorooshian Shahryar , Azizan Noor Azlinna , Ebrahim Nader Ale
Published: September 2022

Multiple Criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches are required for complex issue resolution. However, it is debatable whether MCDMs applicability will be able to stay within the analytical possibilities for dealing with divorce issues. As a result, one of the newly introduced MCDMs Weighted aggregated sum product assessment (WASPAS), is chosen for evaluation. Therefore, this study examined 388 documents from archive of the Scopus database. To evaluate the diversity of the technique's application, the data analysis looked at a few bibliometrics measures. So, the publishing hosts and their influence patterns are displayed, the vast majority of the documents were in the fields of engineering and computer science. According to the findings, the WASPAS can deal with variety of problem-solving scenarios. Hence, this work is summed up with the aim of lowering uncertainty among decision-makers and scholars.