bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Privacy as Commons: Case Evaluation Through the Governing Knowledge Commons Framework
Authors: Sanfilippo Madelyn , Frischmann Brett , Standburg Katherine
Published: May 2018

Conceptualizing privacy as information flow rules-in-use constructed within a commons governance arrangement, we adapt the Governing Knowledge Commons (GKC) framework to study the formal and informal governance of information flows. We incorporate Helen Nissenbaum's “privacy as contextual integrity” approach, defining privacy in terms of contextually appropriate flows of personal information. While Nissenbaum's framework treats contextual norms as largely exogenous and emphasizes their normative valence, the GKC framework provides a systematic method to excavate personal information rules-in-use that actually apply in specific situations and interrogate governance mechanisms that shape rules-in-use. The GKC framework thus directs attention beyond information transmission principles to a broader spectrum of rules-in-use for personal information and supports consideration of procedural legitimacy. After discussing how the GKC framework can enrich privacy research, we explore empirical evidence for contextual integrity as governance within the GKC framework through meta-analysis of previous knowledge commons case studies, revealing three governance patterns within the observed rules-in-use for personal information flow. Though constrained by existing literature, our theoretical analysis provides strong justification for a new research agenda using the GKC framework to explore privacy as governance. We conclude by discussing potential implications for policy-makers of viewing privacy through an information governance lens.
La marcha de la inflación
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 14, 1990: 87-89
Presentación No. 17
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 17, 1990: 469-471
La experiencia de un mercado paralelo en El Salvador
Authors: Franco Nelly Carolina de
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 17, 1990: 473-531
Cooperación regional ante un mundo que se integra
Authors: Guerra-Borges Alfredo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 18, 1990: 677-694
Centroamérica: de las contradicciones sociales a la integración económica
Authors: Chorro Miguel Antonio
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 19-20, 1991: 35-52
Sobre la reconversión industrial
Authors: Arriola Joaquín
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 19-20, 1991: 53-63
La eficiencia del impuesto a la exportación del café en El Salvador
Authors: Melhado Oscar Edgardo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 19, 1991: 83-106
El "otro" sendero: los presupuestos teóricos de Hernando De Soto
Authors: Ramos González Carlos Gmo.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 19, 1991: 227-254
Dos años de ajuste estructural: ¿hacia dónde vamos?
Authors: Editor El
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 21, 1991: 287-298
El mercadeo de café en El Salvador: elementos de análisis
Authors: Pérez Guillermo
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 21, 1991: 343-374
Reforma comercial y reconversión industrial en El Salvador: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Abrego Lisandro E.
Published: May 2018

No abstract availableRealidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 22, 1991: 469-490
Traditional vs Internet vs Mobile: Which is More Effective Way to Reach Potential Customers
Authors: Chao Chiang-nan
Published: May 2018

Smartphones have provided their users many niches, particularly for mobile commerce, known as mcommerce. As smartphone penetration around the globe, it has rapidly altered the phone users and the market places, as US mobile devices have penetrated more than 80% of the population in 2017. The average adult daily usage of mobile devices outpaced personal computers for the first time, and the users have conducted more commerce activities on their mobile devices than on their personal computers. As a result, predicted by eMarketer, US mcommerce will be a half of the total ecommerce by 2022. The marketers realize that they can better find their customers on the move, and enable them to better target these customers for their products. This research, through an empirical survey, focuses on the smartphone user behavior. The research results provide some useful insights for marketers in their future marketing endeavors.
The Role of Mentoring in the Development of Successful Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Mulcahey Mary K. , Waterman Brian R. , Hart Robert , Daniels Alan H.
Published: May 2018

Mentoring plays an integral role in orthopaedic surgeons' career development and personal growth. Effective mentors are committed to their roles, provide skilled instructional support, model continuous learning, and communicate optimism. Numerous obstacles impede productive mentoring relationships in medicine, including reluctance to ask for help, time constraints due to extensive work obligations, lack of institutional support, relational difficulties, and lack of mentoring skills. Effective partnerships require a concerted effort to establish behaviors conducive to mentoring, such as sharing knowledge and providing constructive feedback. Given that women represent only 13% of orthopaedic surgery residents and racial/ethnic minorities account for 3% to 10% of US orthopaedic surgeons, mentoring may help diversify the workforce by providing early exposure and professional support to physicians from underrepresented demographic groups. Orthopaedic leaders must embrace their professional obligation to cultivate and inspire the next generation of orthopaedic surgeons.
Hip Instability in Patients With Down Syndrome
Authors: Maranho Daniel , Fuchs Kathryn , Kim Young-jo , Novais Eduardo N.
Published: May 2018

The incidence of hip instability in children with Down syndrome is 1% to 7%. The natural history is often progressive, with the typical onset of hypermobility of the hip evolving to habitual dislocation, persistent subluxation, and fixed dislocation, and eventually leading to the loss of independent mobility. Treatment focuses on stabilizing the hip joint and depends on the patient's age and the severity of the disease. Typically, surgical intervention is recommended for the treatment of patients with habitual dislocation, subluxation, and complete dislocation of the hip. When indicated, surgical management must take into account associated anatomic abnormalities of the femur and acetabulum. Hip instability in Down syndrome may persist despite surgical intervention and remains a difficult condition to manage.
Strong Room: Material Memories and the Digital Record
Authors: Wildgoose Jane , Bakker Roelof
Published: May 2018

Strong Room, by the artist and researcher Jane Wildgoose and the artist Roelof Bakker, was published in 2014 by Negative Press London, a small press established by Bakker with the aim of initiatiing collaborations in print between artists and writers. Strong Room mixes photographs showing traces of preserved past human activity with writing, which highlights the loss of tangible experience and lack of physical presence in the digital world. Reflecting on the aesthetics of abandoned workspaces and the historical and academic importance of paper-based archives, Bakker and Wildgoose explore the potential for perceptions of materialiy to prompt the imagination and evoke memories. In this article, the artists reflect on a range of subjective responses to archives and archival materials and discuss the background to their collaborative approach to developing the book: presenting a selection of Bakker's photographs together with extracts from the accompanying essays in Strong Room.
Kenneth Womack’s Maximum Volume. The Life of Beatles Producer George Martin. The Early Years, 1926–1966
Authors: Kersten Dennis
Published: May 2018

Book Review
Guadalupe Adámez Castro, Gritos de papel: las cartas de súplica del exilio español (1939–1945), Fabien Deshayes and Axel Pohn-Weidinger, L’Amour en Guerre: Sur les traces d’une correspondance Paris-Algérie, 1960–1962
Authors: Lyons Martyn
Published: May 2018

Book Review
Prison Letters: Spain Confronts Its Past
Authors: Lyons Martyn
Published: May 2018

In post-Franco Spain, the families of the regime’s victims, as well as other republican supporters, have not only struggled to recover the bodies of victims of the repression, but also have tried to recover a lost historical memory after years of imposed silence. Véronica Sierra Blas’s new study of Franco’s prisoners (there were approximately 280,000 of them) aims to give recognition and some human dignity to their obscure fate. This article offers a critical discussion of her study of a corpus of about 1500 letters written by prisoners during the Spanish Civil War and the subsequent Francoist repression. They include petitions to the authorities, messages secretly smuggled out of jail, and the ‘chapel letters’ written by condemned prisoners on the eve of their execution. Many of the latter were designed to be made public for propaganda purposes. This article suggests that as those condemned to execution reviewed their lives, their final farewells constituted a form of life writing in the face of certain death.
How the Reader Matters. Autobiographies of Childhood for Young Readers
Authors: Van Lierop Helma
Published: May 2018

In the 1990s, autobiographies of childhood were one of the most importantpublishing trends. These autobiographies challenge the Romantic notionof childhood, thus contributing to the contemporary societal debate aboutchildren and childhood in crisis. Taking into consideration that ideas aboutchildren and childhood are at the heart of children’s literature, it is remarkable that autobiographies of childhood for young readers go unnoticed in the discussion.
Sarah Herbe and Gabriele Linke (eds.). British Autobiography in the 20th and 21st Centuries
Authors: Boyd Maunsell Jerome
Published: May 2018

Book Review
Altering the Principle of Relativity
Authors: Eskew Russell Clark
Published: May 2018

A unique hyperbolic geometry paradigm requires altering the Relativistic principle that absolute velocity is unmeasurable. There is no absolute velocity, but in the case where a constant velocity is made from a half-angle velocity, a variable velocity is the same as (absolute) acceleration. Relativity is based on local Lorentz geometry. Our mathematical geometry constructs circle and hyperbola vectors with hyperbolic terms in an original formulation of complex numbers. We use a point on a hyperbola as a frame of reference. A theory is given that time and our velocity are inversely related. The physical laws of motion by Galileo, Newton and Einstein are forged using the half-angle velocity to electromagnetic velocity. The field of kinetic, potential and gravitational force accelerations is established. An experiment exemplifies the math from the Earth’s frame of reference. We discover a possible dark energy and gravitational accelerations and a geometry of gravitational collapse.
Use of Exponential Functions in the Evaluations of Stochastic Variables in the Ionizing Radiation Field
Authors: Frometa-Castillo Terman
Published: May 2018

To show that some deficiencies arisen can occur as result of owing to the stochastic processes/effects (SP/Es) in areas of ionizing radiations have not been probabilistically treated nor modeled, because they use exponential functions (EFs) derived from unnecessary differential equations (DEs) or unnecessary definition; and 2) to discuss some statistical models project (SMp) proposals of new probabilistic functions (PFs) that have probabilistic foundations, and will overcome the quoted problems.The following results were obtained: 1) Determination of deficiencies due to use of EFs in evaluations of the following SP/Es: cell survival attenuation of radiation, radioactive decay and radioactivity; and 2) The SMp formulations for these SP/Es.The previous SP/Es have not been probabilistically treated nor modelled, since they use EFs that are non-PFs, and some of them are derived from unnecessary solutions of DEs or unnecessary definition. These differential equations used in the derivations do not represent physic properties of the SP/Es, but are simply a mathematic property of the EFs modelling their respective SP/Es. The SMp proposes PFs that will be able to model SP/Es with simple and homogeneous functions using the three types of SP/Es. The SMp models will represent new PFs, where the probability of a random variable X is expressed as PX = p(y), instead of x; and the stochastic region is limited by two 0% and/or 100%-deterministic regions. The SMp treats the radioactivity as a SP/E SMp type P2, and considers there is no need of its current definition.
Studying and Evaluating Sustainable Materials for Converting Plastic Waste to Fuel
Authors: Abdelrahman Ameen , Dosky Hassan A. , Mohamed Hamdy F. M. , Radwan Aly M. , Hamouda Asmaa S.
Published: May 2018

Gasification is one of the most important solutions for plastic waste management. We researched the conversion of plastic waste to fuel using sustainable material (Nano Clay) modified with Nano transition metals (TiO2, MnO, and ZnO). This was processed in a fix bed reactor design. After studying the reaction mechanism of the gasification process, we evaluated the optimize (reactor temperature, reaction time and feeding ratio of the modified catalyst) on the gasification process with its application for the modified catalyst on the degradation of polyethylene high density(PEHD), other waste plastic to fuel (CH4, H2, and other light component gasses). This method can be used as an important resource for renewable energy (like generating electricity and clean fuel), rather than waste for landfills and the incineration process which is the main source of CO2 emissions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Energy and Environment Research, Vol. 8, No. 1
Authors: Luo Lesley
Published: May 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Energy and Environment Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2018
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Higher Education Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2
Authors: Lin Sherry
Published: May 2018

Higher Education Studies wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Higher Education Studies is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to hes@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 8, Number 2Abdelaziz Mohammed, Albaha University, Saudi ArabiaAlina Mag, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, RomaniaAnna Liduma, Riga Teacher Training and Educational Management Academy, LatviaAntonina Lukenchuk, National Louis University, USAArbabisarjou Azizollah, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, IranAynur Yürekli, İzmir University of Economics, TurkeyCarmen P. Mombourquette, University of Lethbridge, CanadaDibakar Sarangi, Directorate of Teacher Education and State Council for Educational research and Training, IndiaGerard Hoyne, School of Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, AustraliaGregory S. Ching, Fu Jen Catholic University, TaiwanHermes Loschi, University of Campinas, BrazilHuda Fadhil Halawachy, University of Mosul, IraqHüseyin Serçe, Selçuk University, TurkeyJayanti Dutta, Panjab University, IndiaJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, United KingdomKholood Moustafa Alakawi, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi ArabiaLung-Tan Lu, Fo Guang University, Taiwan, TaiwanMehmet Ersoy, Lecturer-Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technologies, TurkeyMei Jiun Wu, Faculty of Education, University of Macau, ChinaMeric Ozgeldi, Mersin University, TurkeyMichael John Maxel Okoche, Uganda Management Institute, UgandaNancy Maynes, Nipissing University, Schulich School of Education, Canada, CanadaNicos Souleles, Cyprus University of Technology, CyprusQing Xie, Jiangnan University, ChinaRanjit Kaur Gurdial Singh, The Kilmore International School, AustraliaSahar Ahadi, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, IranSakiru Abiodun, Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, NigeriaSandhya Rao Mehta, Sultan Qaboos University, IndiaTeguh Budiharso, Center of Language and Culture Studies, IndonesiaVasiliki Brinia, Athens University of Economic and Business, GreeceWaldiney Mello, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
External Auditor Role in Auditing the Extent of Jordanian Industrial Public Shareholding Companies Compliance in Disclosing about Sustainability Reports Dimensions
Authors: Jubarah Sufyan Salameh
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to determine the role of the external auditor in auditing the extent of compliance of Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies in disclosing the dimensions of the sustainability reports. To achieve this study goal, the researcher used the t-test for binary comparisons in hypothesis testing. This study population consisted audit offices operate in Jordan, which amount is 82 registered and practicing offices in which 400 registered and practicing auditors work. The study sample was selected randomly from the external auditors in these offices and it consisted of 200 respondents. The study reached to there is a role for the external auditor in auditing the extent of compliance of Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies in disclosing the environmental, economic, and social dimensions. However, the level of this role in disclosing of social dimension was high. The study recommended that the external auditors should verify that companies are committed to publish information about extent of including of the environment in their vision or mission or objectives. The study also recommends confirmation of the auditor's obligation to ensure commitment of the companies in stating the environmental effects when taking investment decisions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 7 No. 3
Authors: Dong Bella
Published: May 2018

Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to jfr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 3Ancuta Elena Prisacaru, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, RomaniaAnna Iwaniak, Warmia and Mazury University, PolandAntonello Santini, University of Napoli "Federico II", ItalyAytunga Bagdatli, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyBernardo Pace, Institute of Science of Food Production, ItalyFernanda Papa Spada, University of São Paulo, BrazilGisele Fátima Morais Nunes, Federal Center of Technological Education of Minas Gerais, BrazilJelena Dragisic Maksimovic, University of Belgrade, SerbiaLucy Mlipano Chove, Sokoine University Of Agriculture, TanzaniaLuis Patarata, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, PortugalMagdalena Polak-Berecka, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, PolandMarco Iammarino, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, ItalyMeena Somanchi, United States Department of Agriculture, United StatesPaolo Polidori, University of Camerino, ItalyRaza Hussain, School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, CanadaRenuka Nayar, Kerala Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, India
Plant Breeders' Rights Licensing in Smallholder Farming: Observations From Kenya
Authors: Munyi Peter , De Jonge Bram , Louwaars Neils
Published: May 2018

Focusing on Kenya as an example of a market where food production is mostly for subsistence purposes, this article seeks to establish whether licensing of plant breeders’ rights is a mechanism that can facilitate access to seeds and planting material to smallholder farmers. Through a case study method and qualitative interviews of a wide range of stakeholders, it was found that licensing strategies that are employed in market conditions such as those prevailing in Kenya usually involve some form of market differentiation. This is in order to ensure that the targeted beneficiary is reached. It was also found that whatever licensing strategy is employed, each has some advantages and disadvantages. Further, not-for-profit technology brokers have emerged with a view to absorb some costs in the licensing process which are otherwise out of reach for smallholder farmers. Breeders also waive some of their rights with respect to protected varieties. The article concludes that the use of licensing as a tool to facilitate access to seeds and planting material for smallholder farmers in market conditions such as those prevailing in Kenya has received little attention and only involves very few commercial crops.  Where breeders choose to waive some of their rights, they should let farmers know so as to create legal certainty on utilization of accessed varieties.
The Role of a Policy in Strengthening Corporate Social Responsibility: An Empirical Study of the Mining Sector in Ghana
Authors: Kumaza Alphonse , He Yuanqiong
Published: May 2018

The prohibition imposed on resource-rich nations by the Global North governments to legislate laws to control multi-national enterprises has hit a death nail in any attempt(s) to innovate corporate social responsibility. Consequently, a self-commitment strategy was recommended for adoption to guide business own activities. This strategy undermines business participation in effective social governance yet encourages externalisation of the corporate cost of production, leading to catastrophic ramifications for host communities. The paper, therefore, proposes a policy nuance, which is a novelty in the existing literature, to oversee social responsibility undertakings and brings on board the corporate body in the social development discourse. Meanwhile, an SPSS analysis shows a statistically significant p-value and a negative coefficient which indicates comparability between policy and corporate social responsibility resulting in an endorsement of the paper’s proposition. Conclusively, a policy distinction would ensure appropriate planning, realistic and objective target setting, and compensatory plus effective and efficient implementation of basic social amenities, while systematising and normalising social agenda in corporate management strategies. It would also inspire checks of multi-national enterprises’ commitments since benchmarks are established and visible for references. Expectedly, further study on an appropriate policy enforcement mechanism for social (and environmental) governance is recommended.
Turbidite Fasies of Lower Penosogan Formation in Karanggayam Area, Kebumen, Indonesia
Authors: Rizal Yan , Santoso Wahyu Dwijo , Rudyawan Alfend , Setiaji Romy Ari , Purwasatriya Eko Bayu
Published: May 2018

A continuous clastic sedimentary rock outcrop in the Karanggayam Area, Kebumen represents the complete deep marine fan facies of the Middle Miocene Lower Penosogan Formation. Lithology association and vertical succession were observed from a 63 meters detailed measured section along the Karanggayam River. This study aims to identify and classify the turbidite succession as well as the depositional environment of the formation within the North Serayu Basin, Central Java.      From the bottom to top the Lower Penosogan Formation is divided into: A2, B2, C2, D2 and F2 facies which represents basin plain, overbank (levee and distal levee), crevasse splay, channel-fill and frontal splay facies respectively. Changes in the depositional environment are interpreted to be influenced by the dynamic changes in morphology and global climate change caused by underwater volcanic activity as a result of Middle Miocene tectonic activity.
2018/4 Racist “liking” on Facebook may justify dismissal for serious misconduct (BE)
Authors: Busschaert Gautier
Published: May 2018

2018/4 Racist “liking” on Facebook may justify dismissal for serious misconduct (BE)

Racist ‘liking’ on Facebook may justify dismissal for serious misconduct, says the Labour Court of Liège in a decision of 24 March 2017. This case is interesting because, to the author’s knowledge, it is the first time that a simple ‘like’ (as opposed to a proper comment) on Facebook is assessed by a Belgian judge with a view to validate a dismissal for serious misconduct. This case also raises serious questions about the limits to the freedom of expression in social media.
Dedifferentiated Solitary Fibrous Tumor: A Concise Review
Authors: Olson Nicholas J. , Linos Konstantinos
Published: May 2018

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a unique mesenchymal neoplasm that was originally believed to be of submesothelial origin. Eventually, SFT expanded to include what was previously called hemangiopericytoma in other regions of the body that had similar immunohistochemical and morphologic features. Although most are benign, many studies have tried to identify histologic features that predict which tumors will behave in an aggressive manner. Recently, dedifferentiation has been described in rare cases of SFT and does appear to correlate with a more aggressive clinical course. Dedifferentiated SFT occurs in a similar age range and location as conventional SFT and can resemble multiple different malignant entities. Utilization of ancillary studies and thorough tissue sampling is important to reach the correct diagnosis. The morphologic features, immunohistochemistry, molecular alterations, and prognosis will be discussed.
Primary High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in the United States: Is It Time?
Authors: Flanagan Melina B.
Published: May 2018

Context.—

The most recent update to cervical cancer screening guidelines offers interim guidance on the use of primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, with algorithms for management of results. After decades of screening with pure cytology and a shorter time with adjunctive HPV or cotesting with Papanicolaou (Pap) test and HPV, this is a significant change to our screening methods.

Objective.—

To briefly review the history of cervical cancer screening, the evidence upon which these interim guidelines were based, the arguments for and against primary HPV testing, and the current state of the field.

Data Sources.—

Primary studies, review articles, and commentaries were reviewed.

Conclusions.—

While there is evidence both for and against primary HPV testing, there are a growing number of countries adopting the practice. It would be worthwhile to be informed and prepared for such a change in the United States as well.
La caída de la motivación autodeterminada en jóvenes escolares
Authors: Cecchini Estrada José A. , Fernández Losa Jorge Luis , González González de Mesa Carmen , Fernández Río Javier , Méndez Giménez Antonio
Published: May 2018

El propósito de este estudio es analizar la progresiva desvinculación de los jóvenes escolares con la actividad físico-deportiva desde la Teoría de la Autodeterminación (Deci y Ryan, 1985, 1991). La muestra estuvo formada por 705 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 14 años (329 de Educación Primaria, y 376 de Educación Secundaria, de una media de edad de 12.7 años). Se realizaron tres MANOVAs 2 (género) _ 2 (etapas educativas), que revelaron que los estudiantes de Educación Primaria mostraron un perfil más adaptativo que los de Educación Secundaria. La Teoría de la Autodeterminación predice que estos resultados son la consecuencia de factores sociales, por lo que esta investigación apunta a factores que son claves y que deberían ser tenidos en cuenta en las sesiones de educación física, como el aprendizaje colaborativo, el clima de clase orientado a la mejora personal y la implicación de los estudiantes en la toma de decisiones.
Les priorités du dirigeant face à ses parties prenantes : l’apport d’une approche centrée sur les attentes
Authors: BOUGLET Johan , JOFFRE Olivier
Published: May 2018

L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un cadre théorique capable de mieux identifier les priorités du dirigeant. Pour ce faire, nous revenons sur le modèle d’identification des parties prenantes de Mitchell et al. (1997), et montrons qu’une approche par les attentes peut contribuer à le rendre plus opérationnel. Le modèle théorique est ensuite testé à travers l’étude des relations de l’entreprise publique Air France avec ses parties prenantes sur la période 1989-1994. Les résultats montrent que l’approche par les attentes apporte une aide au dirigeant pour anticiper la formation de coalitions.
An anti-takeover strategy by limitation of voting rights: A model and a numerical approach
Authors: Moschetto Bruno-Laurent , Teulon Frédéric
Published: May 2018

This study develops a new trade-off view of corporate governance from an examination of rules that limit voting rights as a defensive measure against a hostile takeover attempt. The theoretical framework concerns a listed company, the capital of which is mainly detained by atomistic shareholders and the power of which is in the hands of a minority shareholders, the hard core. The latter wants to block any hostile takeover and constructs a device based on two parameters allowing it to act on the limitation of the voting rights: a threshold and a scale-down coefficient.
Le Mentorat envers les Consultants Salariés du Secteur du Conseil en Management : Levier de Fidélisation ou Source d’Opportunités Externes ?
Authors: TILLOU Caroline , BEN AYED Ahmed Khalil , EL AKREMI Assâad , VANDENBERGHE Christian
Published: May 2018

Cette étude examine l’impact des pratiques de mentorat auprès des consultants salariés du secteur du conseil en management en France. Les analyses révèlent que l’estime de soi organisationnelle médiatise partiellement une relation positive entre le mentorat et l’engagement affectif envers l’organisation. L’engagement affectif médiatise une relation négative entre le mentorat et l’intention de départ des consultants. Toutefois, ni le mentorat ni l’estime de soi organisationnelle ne sont liés à l’engagement envers la carrière, lequel n’est pas lié à l’intention de quitter l’organisation. Nous discutons la portée de ces résultats pour la compréhension de ces pratiques auprès des travailleurs du savoir.
Achat public et développement durable entre compatibilités et frictions de paradigmes et de pratiques : le cas de l’industrie du transport ferroviaire
Authors: Helfrich Vincent , Romestant Fanny
Published: May 2018

Cet article se propose d’analyser, selon deux niveaux de lecture, le degré de compatibilité entre les enjeux développement durable et l’utilisation des achats publics au sein des marchés de l’Union Européenne. Le premier niveau est d’ordre conceptuel, avec un questionnement de la concordance possible entre les principes théoriques, au coeur du développement durable, d’un côté et de l’idéologie européenne, sous-jacente au fonctionnement des achats publics, de l’autre. Le second niveau est d’ordre pragmatique, en interrogeant le degré d’intégration possible du développement durable dans les marchés publics. Nous appuierons nos réflexions sur le cas de l’industrie ferroviaire, à l’aide des matériaux issus d’une recherche-intervention menée au sein d’une entreprise industrielle dans ce secteur.
Coût Global, Conséquentisme et Stratégie de Développement Durable
Authors: Bouvier-Patron Paul
Published: May 2018

Reprenant une opposition habituelle court/long terme, nous interrogeons l’inflexion de l’analyse de la rentabilité d’entreprise lorsqu’elle s’écarte de la logique de court terme. L’horizon de calcul n’est qu’un aspect de la question car ce qui prime tout autant est la logique de comptabilisation des éléments. A court terme, cette comptabilisation est trop limitative. Il importe de s’intéresser a minima, ex post, à la comptabilisation des coûts au long du cycle de vie du produit mais surtout, ex ante, au niveau de la conception et d’adopter une démarche conséquentiste pour asseoir une stratégie de Développement Durable d’entreprise.
University Students and their faculty: Perceptions of entrepreneurial optimism, overconfidence and entrepreneurial Intentions
Authors: Giacomin Olivier , Janssen Frank , Shinnar Rachel S
Published: May 2018

While an entrepreneurial career requires some level of optimism and confidence, unfounded optimism and overconfidence can be detrimental to entrepreneurial success. By comparing student and faculty perceptual differences, we assess whether university students are overly optimistic regarding the outcomes they expect from an entrepreneurial career as well as overconfident in their perceptions of barriers to entrepreneurship. Findings suggest that, overall, students are more optimistic but not more confident than faculty. Also, students who are more optimistic and more confident than their faculty, also perceive themselves to be more entrepreneurial and have stronger entrepreneurial intentions than their peers.
Le management de la communication de crise
Authors: Cros Michel , Gaultier-Gaillard Cros Sophie
Published: May 2018

La communication de crise survient dès qu’un dérèglement est détecté au sein de l’institution considérée et que le déroulement ou la poursuite des objectifs stratégiques sont mis en péril. Dans une telle situation le rôle du communicant, en tant que manager de situation dégradée, est un atout majeur pour contribuer à développer un avantage concurrentiel. Cette étude présente les invariants structuraux indispensables au communicant, en présentant dans le contexte actuel les hypothèses nécessaires à leurs réalisations, puis démontre, au moyen d’un cas pratique, comment contribuer à instaurer les conditions idéales à leur mise en place.
From uncertainty to ambiguity: A discursive approach of emerging field1
Authors: Zong Zhen , Demil Benoît
Published: May 2018

Emerging fields offer an opportunity to study how actors are making sense of their environment. In this article, we adopt a discursive approach to examine the discourses about uncertainty. These discourses produced by state and non-state actors are particularly interesting as they participate in the emergence of the institutional framework. We study the discourses produced during a public inquiry led in 2009 and 2010 in the nascent French nanotech field to observe the use of discourses to influence understandings and meanings. We found that ambiguity is used differently according to the positions of actors in the field and that the rhetoric of uncertainty targets different goals.
L’accompagnement du lecteur dans Lointaines de Lise Gaboury-Diallo
Authors: Cook Samantha
Published: May 2018

Cet article examine les liens avec le lecteur que tissent les narrateurs multiples de Lointaines. Le recueil de nouvelles de Lise Gaboury-Diallo voit le jour en 2010 et il se distingue notamment par son approche innovatrice envers les thèmes du voyage, du dépaysement et de l’inconnu, voire de l’inconnaissable. Le décor de chaque nouvelle est soit le Sénégal, soit le Mali, et les histoires se racontent à la première ou à la troisième personne. Tout en «guidant» un lecteur à qui l’Afrique est supposément assez étrangère, les narrateurs laissent beaucoup de place au mystérieux. Si la narratrice-voyageuse franco-manitobaine reste consciente de sa compréhension partielle des situations dans lesquelles elle se trouve, les je identifiables aux habitants ne prétendent expliquer leurs expériences de manière définitive non plus. L’ambiguïté s’étend effectivement jusqu’au refus de trancher nettement entre ce qui fait partie du quotidien ordinaire et ce qui appartient à l’au-delà. En même temps, la coexistence des voix narratives multiples fait écho au respect de la diversité qui permet l’expression authentique.
Más escuela y menos aula. Mariano Fernández Enguita
Authors: Peris Reig Laura
Published: May 2018

Reseña del libro "Más escuela y menos aula" de Mariano Fernandez Enguita (2018), realizada por Laura Peris Reig.
The life–course formation of teachers’ profession. How emotions affect VET teachers’ social identity.
Authors: Christodoulou Michalis , Bousia Christina , Kiprianos Pandelis
Published: May 2018

One of the less developed issues in the sociology of education concerns how the social formation of emotions affects teachers’ collective identities. In this article we outline the ingredients of a conceptual scheme explaining the emotional dynamics which form teachers’ social identities through a life-course perspective. In particular, we show how educational and job experiences related to teachers’ social trajectories create emotional dynamics in their identities which undermine the sense of belongingness to their profession. Our methodology was based on biographical – narrative interviews treated through a Critical Realism prism in order to bring to the fore the causal process through which a specific outcome is formed. By researching the extreme case of VET teachers in Greece who were put into redundancy for two years in the memorandum years, we explore why the threat of job loss, instead of mobilizing collective action, feeds feelings of self-blame and of shame which annul teachers’ social ties.
¿Por qué las corrientes sociológicas soslayaron la investigación biográfica?
Authors: Cardenal de la Nuez María Eugenia , Hernàndez Francesc J.
Published: May 2018

El artículo muestra cómo las corrientes sociológicas más importantes, la corriente comprensiva y la corriente crítica, dejaron de lado la investigación biográfica. Aunque la hermenéutica de Schleiermacher permitía la investigación de la generalidad en la particularidad, fue la introducción del “grado de evidencia” por parte de Weber el que orientó la corriente comprensiva hacia el funcionalismo estructuralista. Los estudios sobre el campesino polaco o los parados de Marienthal apuntaban una superación de esa restricción, que tardó décadas en producirse. En el segundo caso, la corriente crítica, la tesis de la determinación de la conciencia soslayó la metodología biográfica, aunque tal afirmación ni se encuentra en Marx ni se corresponde con su proyecto teórico. Por último, se analiza la excepción de la biografía de Offenbach de Kracauer.
Turning Migration Disadvantage into Educational Advantage. Autobiographies of Successful Students with an Immigrant Background
Authors: Santagati Mariagrazia
Published: May 2018

The article focuses on unexpected pathways of successful students with an immigrant background, in order to investigate the implication of this phenomenon from a theoretical, methodological and empirical point of view. After a review of the main sociological studies on “immigrant optimism” towards educational success, I will reflect on biographical approach, particularly suitable to study this topic. A on-going research project based on the collection of educational autobiographies of successful immigrant-origin students, attending upper secondary schools in Northern Italy, is presented. Then, the story of Destiny, a 16 years-old girl with Moroccan origin, is used as a case study to explore transformative actions that lead second-generation students to educational success and to identify the social logic enrolled in a single case. Destiny, with the support of parents and teachers, shows the capacity to turn the disadvantage of migration into an educational advantage, through specific strategies developed to contrast adversities and inequalities, assuming education to handle social constraints. In Destiny autobiography, migration reveals its nature of biographical resource and its important role to lead disadvantaged students to excellent school outcomes: migration appears as a an experience of familiar sufferance and failure, but also a source of a biographical learning; a chance of reflexivity on failure and of awareness of disadvantage; an experience that transmit and foster non-cognitive skills, that are strong predictor of educational success. The methodological choice of “educational autobiography” is thus considered crucial to track new narratives and discourses on ethnic inequalities in education.
Biyogazın Üretim ve Kullanım Aşamalarının Analizi
Authors: KURŞUN Berrin
Published: May 2018

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ZFP36 RNA-binding proteins restrain T cell activation and anti-viral immunity
Authors: Moore Michael J , Blachere Nathalie E , Fak John J , Park Christopher Y , Sawicka Kirsty , Parveen Salina , Zucker-Scharff Ilana , Moltedo Bruno , Rudensky Alexander Y , Darnell Robert B
Published: May 2018

Dynamic post-transcriptional control of RNA expression by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is critical during immune response. ZFP36 RBPs are prominent inflammatory regulators linked to autoimmunity and cancer, but functions in adaptive immunity are less clear. We used HITS-CLIP to define ZFP36 targets in mouse T cells, revealing unanticipated actions in regulating T-cell activation, proliferation, and effector functions. Transcriptome and ribosome profiling showed that ZFP36 represses mRNA target abundance and translation, notably through novel AU-rich sites in coding sequence. Functional studies revealed that ZFP36 regulates early T-cell activation kinetics cell autonomously, by attenuating activation marker expression, limiting T cell expansion, and promoting apoptosis. Strikingly, loss of ZFP36 in vivo accelerated T cell responses to acute viral infection and enhanced anti-viral immunity. These findings uncover a critical role for ZFP36 RBPs in restraining T cell expansion and effector functions, and suggest ZFP36 inhibition as a strategy to enhance immune-based therapies.
Mucosal absorption of therapeutic peptides by harnessing the endogenous sorting of glycosphingolipids
Authors: Garcia-Castillo Maria Daniela , Chinnapen Daniel J-F , te Welscher Yvonne M , Gonzalez Rodrigo J , Softic Samir , Pacheco Michele , Mrsny Randall J , Kahn C Ronald , von Andrian Ulrich H , Lau Jesper , Pentelute Bradley L , Lencer Wayne I
Published: May 2018

Transport of biologically active molecules across tight epithelial barriers is a major challenge preventing therapeutic peptides from oral drug delivery. Here, we identify a set of synthetic glycosphingolipids that harness the endogenous process of intracellular lipid-sorting to enable mucosal absorption of the incretin hormone GLP-1. Peptide cargoes covalently fused to glycosphingolipids with ceramide domains containing C6:0 or smaller fatty acids were transported with 20-100-fold greater efficiency across epithelial barriers in vitro and in vivo. This was explained by structure-function of the ceramide domain in intracellular sorting and by the affinity of the glycosphingolipid species for insertion into and retention in cell membranes. In mice, GLP-1 fused to short-chain glycosphingolipids was rapidly and systemically absorbed after gastric gavage to affect glucose tolerance with serum bioavailability comparable to intraperitoneal injection of GLP-1 alone. This is unprecedented for mucosal absorption of therapeutic peptides, and defines a technology with many other clinical applications.
Competency-based assessment for the training of PhD students and early-career scientists
Authors: Verderame Michael F , Freedman Victoria H , Kozlowski Lisa M , McCormack Wayne T
Published: May 2018

The training of PhD students and early-career scientists is largely an apprenticeship in which the trainee associates with an expert to become an independent scientist. But when is a PhD student ready to graduate, a postdoctoral scholar ready for an independent position, or an early-career scientist ready for advanced responsibilities? Research training by apprenticeship does not uniformly include a framework to assess if the trainee is equipped with the complex knowledge, skills and attitudes required to be a successful scientist in the 21st century. To address this problem, we propose competency-based assessment throughout the continuum of training to evaluate more objectively the development of PhD students and early-career scientists.
Some like it hot: factors impacting thermal preferences of two Ponto-Caspian amphipodsDikerogammarus villosus(Sovinsky, 1894) andDikerogammarus haemobaphes(Eichwald, 1841)
Authors: Rachalewski Michał , Kobak Jarosław , Szczerkowska-Majchrzak Eliza , Bącela-Spychalska Karolina
Published: May 2018

Temperature is a crucial factor determining biology and ecology of poikilothermic animals. It often constitutes an important barrier for invasive species originating from different climate zones but, on the other hand, may facilitate the invasion process of animals with wide thermal preferences and high resistance to extreme temperatures. In our experimental study, we investigated the thermal behaviour of two Ponto-Caspian amphipod crustaceans—Dikerogammarus villosusandDikerogammarus haemobaphes. Both species are known to live under a wide range of thermal conditions which may promote their invasion. Moreover, both these amphipods are hosts for microsporidian parasites which co-evolved with them within the Ponto-Caspian region and spread in European waters. As the presence of a parasite may influence the thermal preferences of its host, we expected to observe behavioural changes in infected individuals of the studied amphipods leading to (1) behavioural fever (selecting a warmer habitat) or (2) anapyrexia (selecting a colder habitat). The experiment (N = 20) was carried out for 30 min in a 100 cm. 20 cm from boths sides were not avaliable for amphipods long thermal gradient (0–40 °C), using 30 randomly selected adult amphipod individuals of one species. At the end of each trial, we checked the position of amphipods along the gradient and determined their sex and infection status (uninfected or infected by one of microsporidium species).D. villosuswas infected withCucumispora dikerogammariwhereasD. haemobapheswas a host forC. dikerogammari,Dictyocoela muelleriorD. berillonum. Thermal preferences of amphipods depended on their species and sex. Females ofD. villosuspreferred warmer microhabitats (often much above 30 °C) than conspecific males and females ofD. haemobaphes, whereas no significant differences were found among males of both species and both sexes ofD. haemobaphes. Moreover, infected males ofD. villosusstayed in warmer water more often than uninfected males of this species, selecting temperatures higher than 30 °C, which may be explained either as a behavioural fever constituting a defence mechanism of a host against the infection, or as a parasite manipulation of the host behaviour increasing the parasite fitness. On the other hand, none of the parasite species affected the thermal preferences ofD. haemobaphes, including alsoC. dikerogammari, changing the behaviour ofD. villosus. Our research presents the complexity of the thermal behaviour of studied amphipods and the evidence that microsporidia may trigger a change in temperature preferendum of their host species and those observations may be the result of different host-parasite coevolution time which may vary for the two host species (Poulin, 2010).