bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disinhibition Is an Essential Network Motif Coordinated by GABA Levels and GABA B Receptors
Authors: Villalobos Nelson
Published: January 2024

Network dynamics are crucial for action and sensation. Changes in synaptic physiology lead to the reorganization of local microcircuits. Consequently, the functional state of the network impacts the output signal depending on the firing patterns of its units. Networks exhibit steady states in which neurons show various activities, producing many networks with diverse properties. Transitions between network states determine the output signal generated and its functional results. The temporal dynamics of excitation/inhibition allow a shift between states in an operational network. Therefore, a process capable of modulating the dynamics of excitation/inhibition may be functionally important. This process is known as disinhibition. In this review, we describe the effect of GABA levels and GABAB receptors on tonic inhibition, which causes changes (due to disinhibition) in network dynamics, leading to synchronous functional oscillations.
Phospholipase C Zeta in Human Spermatozoa: A Systematic Review on Current Development and Clinical Application
Authors: Parrella Alessandra , Medrano Llanos , Aizpurua Jon , Gómez-Torres María José
Published: January 2024

During fertilization, the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocytes causes the release of calcium from the oocyte endoplasmatic reticulum. This, in turn, triggers a series of calcium ion (Ca2+) oscillations, a process known as oocyte activation. The sperm-specific factor responsible for oocyte activation is phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ). Men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with their spermatozoa lacking PLCζ are incapable of generating Ca2+ oscillation, leading to fertilization failure. The immunofluorescence assay is the most used technique to assess the expression and localization of PLCζ and to diagnose patients with reduced/absent ability to activate the oocytes. In these patients, the use of assisted oocyte activation (AOA) technique can help to yield successful ICSI results and shorten the time of pregnancy. However, the production of a stable PLCζ recombinant protein represents a new powerful therapeutic approach to treating individuals with this condition. We aim to conduct a systematic review focusing on the expression, level, and localization of PLCζ, discussing the novel genetic mutation associated with its impairment. In addition, we highlight the benefits of AOA, looking at new and less invasive methods to diagnose and treat cases with PLCζ dysfunction.
Inhibition of Autophagy Aggravates Arachis hypogaea L. Skin Extracts-Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Authors: Tsai Chia-Hung , Huang Hui-Chi , Lin Kuan-Jung , Liu Jui-Ming , Chen Guan-Lin , Yeh Yi-Hsien , Lu Te-Ling , Lin Hsiang-Wen , Lu Meng-Tien , Chu Po-Chen
Published: January 2024

The skin of Arachis hypogaea L. (peanut or groundnut) is a rich source of polyphenols, which have been shown to exhibit a wider spectrum of noteworthy biological activities, including anticancer effects. However, the anticancer activity of peanut skin extracts against melanoma and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remains elusive. In this study, we systematically investigated the cytotoxic, antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-migration effects of peanut skin ethanolic extract and its fractions on melanoma and CRC cells. Cell viability results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (AHE) of peanut skin ethanolic crude extract and one of the methanolic fractions (AHE-2) from ethyl acetate extraction exhibited the highest cytotoxicity against melanoma and CRC cells but not in nonmalignant human skin fibroblasts. AHE and AHE-2 effectively modulated the cell cycle-related proteins, including the suppression of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), phosphorylation of Retinoblastoma (p-Rb), E2F1, Cyclin A, and activation of tumor suppressor p53, which was associated with cell cycle arrest and paralleled their antiproliferative efficacies. AHE and AHE-2 could also induce caspase-dependent apoptosis and inhibit migration activities in melanoma and CRC cells. Moreover, it is noteworthy that autophagy, manifested by microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) conversion and the aggregation of GFP-LC3, was detected after AHE and AHE-2 treatment and provided protective responses in cancer cells. Significantly, inhibition of autophagy enhanced AHE- and AHE-2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Together, these findings not only elucidate the anticancer potential of peanut skin extracts against melanoma and CRC cells but also provide a new insight into autophagy implicated in peanut skin extracts-induced cancer cell death.
Development of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers for Hydrogen Storage and Transport
Authors: Le Thi-Hoa , Tran Ngo , Lee Hyun-Jong
Published: January 2024

The storage and transfer of energy require a safe technology to mitigate the global environmental issues resulting from the massive application of fossil fuels. Fuel cells have used hydrogen as a clean and efficient energy source. Nevertheless, the storage and transport of hydrogen have presented longstanding problems. Recently, liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) have emerged as a solution to these issues. The hydrogen storage technique in LOHCs is more attractive than those of conventional energy storage systems like liquefaction, compression at high pressure, and methods of adsorption and absorption. The release and acceptance of hydrogen should be reversible by LOHC molecules following favourable reaction kinetics. LOHCs comprise liquid and semi-liquid organic compounds that are hydrogenated to store hydrogen. These hydrogenated molecules are stored and transported and finally dehydrogenated to release the required hydrogen for supplying energy. Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation are conducted catalytically for multiple cycles. This review elaborates on the characteristics of different LOHC molecules, based on their efficacy as energy generators. Additionally, different catalysts used for both hydrogenation and dehydrogenation are discussed.
Feasibility Study on the Generation of Nanoporous Metal Structures by Means of Selective Alloy Depletion in Halogen-Rich Atmospheres
Authors: Weise Jörg , Uhrlaub Birgit , Lehmhus Dirk , Baumeister Joachim , Hantzsche Kerstin , Thiel Karsten
Published: January 2024

A new approach to produce nanoporous metals has been investigated, which is based on the dealloying of bi- or multi-component alloys. Depletion and pore formation of the alloy substrate are obtained by the transport of certain alloy components at high temperatures via volatile halogen compounds. These halogen compounds are transferred to materials acting as sinks based on their higher affinity to the respective components, and chemically bound there. Transfer via volatile halogen compounds is known from the pack cementation coating process and from high-temperature corrosion in certain industrial atmospheres. The approach was tested on different precursor alloys: Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (TNM-B1), TiNb42, and AlCu. Both dealloying effects and micro-scale pore formation were observed. The detailed size of the porous structures is in the range of 50 nm for both TNM-B1 and TiNB42 and 500 nm for AlCu.
Influence of the Addition of Zinc, Strontium, or Magnesium Oxides to the Bioglass 45S5 Network on Electrical Behavior
Authors: Gavinho Sílvia Rodrigues , Hammami Imen , Jakka Suresh Kumar , Teixeira Sílvia Soreto , Silva Jorge Carvalho , Borges João Paulo , Graça Manuel Pedro Fernandes
Published: January 2024

45S5 Bioglass has been widely used in regenerative medicine due to its ability to dissolve when inserted into the body. Its typically amorphous structure allows for an ideal dissolution rate for the formation of the hydroxyapatite layer, which is important for the development of new bone. This bioactive capacity can also be controlled by adding other oxides (e.g., SrO, ZnO, and MgO) to the 45S5 Bioglass network or by storing electrical charge. Ions such as zinc, magnesium, and strontium allow for specific biological responses to be added, such as antibacterial action and the ability to increase the rate of osteoblast proliferation. The charge storage capacity allows for a higher rate of bioactivity to be achieved, allowing for faster attachment to the host bone, decreasing the patient’s recovery time. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the variation in the structure of the bioglass with regard to the amount of non-bridging oxygens (NBOs), which is important for the bioactivity rate not to be compromised, and also its influence on the electrical behavior relevant to its potential as electrical charge storage. Thus, several bioactive glass compositions were synthesized based on the 45S5 Bioglass formulation with the addition of various concentrations (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2, mol%) of zinc, strontium, or magnesium oxides. The influence of the insertion of these oxides on the network was evaluated by studying the amount of NBOs using Raman spectroscopy and their implication on the electrical behavior. Electrical characterization was performed in ac (alternating current) and dc (direct current) regimes.
Impact of Glass Free Volume on Femtosecond Laser-Written Nanograting Formation in Silica Glass
Authors: Shchedrina Nadezhda , Cavillon Maxime , Ari Julien , Ollier Nadège , Lancry Matthieu
Published: January 2024

In this study, we investigate the effects of densification through high pressure and temperature (up to 5 GPa, 1000 °C) in the making of nanogratings in pure silica glass, inscribed with femtosecond laser. The latter were monitored through retardance measurements using polarized optical microscopy, and their internal structure was observed under scanning electron microscopy. We reveal the difficulty in making nanogratings in densified silica glasses. Based on this observation, we propose that free volume may be a key precursor to initiate nanograting formation.
On the Susceptibility of Reinforced Concrete Beam and Rigid-Frame Bridges Subjected to Spatially Varying Mining-Induced Seismic Excitation
Authors: Boroń Paweł , Drygała Izabela , Dulińska Joanna Maria , Burdak Szymon
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to identify the optimal reinforced concrete bridge construction for regions at risk of mining-induced seismic shocks. This study compares the performances of two common bridge types made of the same structural tissue, i.e., a reinforced concrete beam bridge and rigid-frame bridge under real mining-induced tremors using uniform and spatially varying ground motion models. This study investigates the dynamic responses of the bridges depending on wave velocity and assesses their susceptibility to mining-triggered tremors based on the contribution of quasi-static and dynamic effects in the global dynamic responses of the bridges. This study revealed significant changes in dynamic response under spatially varying ground excitation for both bridge types. It was observed that rigid-frame bridges show higher susceptibility to quasi-static effects due to their stiffness, whereas beam bridges are more susceptible to dynamic stresses. This study recommends that in regions with mining tremors, the choice between bridge types should consider the possibility of limiting individual components of stress. A solution may involve the reduction in quasi-static components through structural reinforcement or decreasing dynamic components by using vibration absorbers. It was found that beam bridges are more cost-effective and practical in mining-affected areas, especially when founded on weak grounds.
Differential Etching of Rays at Wood Surfaces Exposed to an Oxygen Glow Discharge Plasma
Authors: Cheng Kenneth J. , Ma Weicong , Evans Philip D.
Published: January 2024

Basswood samples were exposed to oxygen glow-discharge plasmas for 30 min, and etching of radial and tangential longitudinal surfaces was measured. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between etching and plasma energy, and differential etching of wood surfaces because of variation in the microstructure and chemical composition of different woody tissues. Etching at the surface of basswood samples was examined using profilometry. Light and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the microstructure of samples exposed to plasma. There was a large effect of plasma energy on etching of basswood surfaces, and radial surfaces were etched to a greater extent than tangential surfaces. However, rays at radial surfaces were more resistant to etching than fibers, resulting in greater variation in the etching of radial versus tangential surfaces. The same phenomenon occurred at radial surfaces of balsa wood, jelutong and New Zealand white pine subjected to plasma etching. The possible reasons for the greater resistance of rays to plasma etching are explored, and it is suggested that such differential etching of wood surfaces may impose a limitation on the use of plasma to precisely etch functional patterns at wood surfaces (raised pillars, grooves), as has been done with other materials.
Extrinsic Calibration of Thermal Camera and 3D LiDAR Sensor via Human Matching in Both Modalities during Sensor Setup Movement
Authors: Dalirani Farhad , El-Sakka Mahmoud R.
Published: January 2024

LiDAR sensors, pivotal in various fields like agriculture and robotics for tasks such as 3D object detection and map creation, are increasingly coupled with thermal cameras to harness heat information. This combination proves particularly effective in adverse conditions like darkness and rain. Ensuring seamless fusion between the sensors necessitates precise extrinsic calibration. Our innovative calibration method leverages human presence during sensor setup movements, eliminating the reliance on dedicated calibration targets. It optimizes extrinsic parameters by employing a novel evolutionary algorithm on a specifically designed loss function that measures human alignment across modalities. Our approach showcases a notable 4.43% improvement in the loss over extrinsic parameters obtained from target-based calibration in the FieldSAFE dataset. This advancement reduces costs related to target creation, saves time in diverse pose collection, mitigates repetitive calibration efforts amid sensor drift or setting changes, and broadens accessibility by obviating the need for specific targets. The adaptability of our method in various environments, like urban streets or expansive farm fields, stems from leveraging the ubiquitous presence of humans. Our method presents an efficient, cost-effective, and readily applicable means of extrinsic calibration, enhancing sensor fusion capabilities in the critical fields reliant on precise and robust data acquisition.
Applying Characteristic Impedance Compensation Cut-Outs to Full Radio Frequency Chains in Multi-Layer Printed Circuit Board Designs
Authors: Barzdenas Vaidotas , Vasjanov Aleksandr
Published: January 2024

Modern wireless communication systems are of utmost importance to various sectors such as healthcare, education, the household, and the advancement of emerging technologies like the internet of things, autonomous vehicles, and the enhancement of 5G. Further development and improvement of these systems drives the need for small dimension, high integration and density, and cost-effective electronic devices. Achieving optimal performance in wireless electronic devices involves overcoming engineering challenges related to microstrip line signal integrity. This research addresses the impact of surface mount technology (SMT) component pads on signal integrity, proposing a novel high-frequency microstrip line structure for mitigating impedance discontinuities. The study introduces stepped microstrip lines and explores characteristic impedance compensation techniques. A six-layer printed circuit board (PCB) structure is presented, and the effects of compensation on signal integrity are analyzed using time-domain reflectometry and scattering parameter measurements. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of compensation methods in aligning characteristic impedance with desired values, thereby ensuring improved impedance matching and transmission coefficients. The average over-the-length impedance for the proposed structure with compensation applied was measured to be 52.7 Ω, which is only 1.3 Ω (2.5%) more than that of the reference microstrip. Applying reference plane cut-outs leads to a maximum compensated absolute value of more than 30 Ω to reach the target impedance with a 10% tolerance. This research contributes valuable insights for advancing wireless communication systems and maintaining robustness in high-frequency microstrip transmission lines.
Robust Feature Representation Using Multi-Task Learning for Human Activity Recognition
Authors: Azadi Behrooz , Haslgrübler Michael , Anzengruber-Tanase Bernhard , Sopidis Georgios , Ferscha Alois
Published: January 2024

Learning underlying patterns from sensory data is crucial in the Human Activity Recognition (HAR) task to avoid poor generalization when coping with unseen data. A key solution to such an issue is representation learning, which becomes essential when input signals contain activities with similar patterns or when patterns generated by different subjects for the same activity vary. To address these issues, we seek a solution to increase generalization by learning the underlying factors of each sensor signal. We develop a novel multi-channel asymmetric auto-encoder to recreate input signals precisely and extract indicative unsupervised futures. Further, we investigate the role of various activation functions in signal reconstruction to ensure the model preserves the patterns of each activity in the output. Our main contribution is that we propose a multi-task learning model to enhance representation learning through shared layers between signal reconstruction and the HAR task to improve the robustness of the model in coping with users not included in the training phase. The proposed model learns shared features between different tasks that are indeed the underlying factors of each input signal. We validate our multi-task learning model using several publicly available HAR datasets, UCI-HAR, MHealth, PAMAP2, and USC-HAD, and an in-house alpine skiing dataset collected in the wild, where our model achieved 99%, 99%, 95%, 88%, and 92% accuracy. Our proposed method shows consistent performance and good generalization on all the datasets compared to the state of the art.
A Low-Cost Inertial Measurement Unit Motion Capture System for Operation Posture Collection and Recognition
Authors: Yin Mingyue , Li Jianguang , Wang Tiancong
Published: January 2024

In factories, human posture recognition facilitates human–machine collaboration, human risk management, and workflow improvement. Compared to optical sensors, inertial sensors have the advantages of portability and resistance to obstruction, making them suitable for factories. However, existing product-level inertial sensing solutions are generally expensive. This paper proposes a low-cost human motion capture system based on BMI 160, a type of six-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU). Based on WIFI communication, the collected data are processed to obtain the displacement of human joints’ rotation angles around XYZ directions and the displacement in XYZ directions, then the human skeleton hierarchical relationship was combined to calculate the real-time human posture. Furthermore, the digital human model was been established on Unity3D to synchronously visualize and present human movements. We simulated assembly operations in a virtual reality environment for human posture data collection and posture recognition experiments. Six inertial sensors were placed on the chest, waist, knee joints, and ankle joints of both legs. There were 16,067 labeled samples obtained for posture recognition model training, and the accumulated displacement and the rotation angle of six joints in the three directions were used as input features. The bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) model was used to identify seven common operation postures: standing, slightly bending, deep bending, half-squatting, squatting, sitting, and supine, with an average accuracy of 98.24%. According to the experiment result, the proposed method could be used to develop a low-cost and effective solution to human posture recognition for factory operation.
Triangle-Shaped Cerium Tungstate Nanoparticles Used to Modify Carbon Paste Electrode for Sensitive Hydroquinone Detection in Water Samples
Authors: Stanković Vesna , Đurđić Slađana , Ognjanović Miloš , Zlatić Gloria , Stanković Dalibor
Published: January 2024

In this study, we propose an eco-friendly method for synthesizing cerium tungstate nanoparticles using hydrothermal techniques. We used scanning, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction to analyze the morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles. The results showed that the synthesized nanoparticles were uniform and highly crystalline, with a particle size of about 50 nm. The electrocatalytic properties of the nanoparticles were then investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We further used the synthesized nanoparticles to develop an electrochemical sensor based on a carbon paste electrode that can detect hydroquinone. By optimizing the differential pulse voltammetric method, a wide linearity range of 0.4 to 45 µM and a low detection limit of 0.06 µM were obtained. The developed sensor also expressed excellent repeatability (RSD up to 3.8%) and reproducibility (RSD below 5%). Interferences had an insignificant impact on the determination of analytes, making it possible to use this method for monitoring hydroquinone concentrations in tap water. This study introduces a new approach to the chemistry of materials and the environment and demonstrates that a careful selection of components can lead to new horizons in analytical chemistry.
Shield Tunnel (Segment) Uplift Prediction and Control Based on Interpretable Machine Learning
Authors: Hu Min , Sun Junchao , Wu Bingjian , Wu Huiming , Xu Zhenjiang
Published: January 2024

Shield tunnel segment uplift is a common phenomenon in construction. Excessive and unstable uplift will affect tunnel quality and safety seriously, shorten the tunnel life, and is not conducive to the sustainable management of the tunnel’s entire life cycle. However, segment uplift is affected by many factors, and it is challenging to predict the uplift amount and determine its cause accurately. Existing research mainly focuses on analyzing uplift factors and the uplift trend features for specific projects, which is difficult to apply to actual projects directly. This paper sorts out the influencing factors of segment uplift and designs a spatial-temporal data fusion mechanism for prediction. On this basis, we extract the key influencing factors of segment uplift, construct a prediction model of segment uplift amount based on Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) v2.0.3, and use SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) v0.44.0 to locate factors affecting uplift, forming an Auxiliary Decision-making System for Segment Uplift Control (ADS-SUC). An ADS-SUC not only detects the sudden change of the segment uplift successfully and predicts the segment uplift in practical engineering accurately, it also provides a feasible method to control the uplift in time, which is of great significance for reducing the construction risk of the tunnel project and ensuring the quality of the completed tunnel.
General Vaccination and Active Prevention of COVID-19 Epidemic at the Primary Health Care Level: The Fifth Step of the National Mobilization Program against COVID-19
Authors: Raeisi Alireza , Tabrizi Jafar Sadegh , Khosravi Ardeshir , Ataey Amin , Ebrahimi Tavani Masoumeh , Gholami Hossein , Azad Amir Masoud , Koosha Elaheh , Wassegh Seyed Hossein , Mohammaddokht Salar
Published: January 2024

Background. One of the most effective ways to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is to perform general vaccination and actively prevent the outbreak at the primary health care level. The present study aimed to review the measures against COVID-19 in Iran from April to September 2021. Methods. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted at the national level from April to September 2021. Data related to COVID-19 vaccination, prevention, care, and outpatient services was collected from databases, including first level electronic health record systems, the portal of Network Management Center, the portal of Infectious Diseases Management Center, and the portal of Health Observatory. The target population of the study included medical universities and schools in Iran. Using a census sampling method, all 63 medical universities and schools in the country were included in the study. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 was utilized to analyze the collected data. Results. In the fifth step of the national mobilization program against COVID-19 epidemic, a total of 1,228 vaccination centers with 6,490 stations were established across the country from April to September 2021. In these centers, more than 47 million doses of the COVID-19 vaccines were injected. At this step, over 15 million people exposed to close contact with infected people were intercepted. A home care team was deployed at each selected health center for COVID-19, providing 532,551 home care services. At the fifth step, the monitoring teams issued 1,015,831 warnings to trading, industrial, or administrative units, which led to the sealing of 73,443 units. Also, more than six million rapid tests were performed in homes and health units. During the same period, 30,843 vulnerable households received support packages. Conclusion. The national mobilization program to combat COVID-19 in Iran focused on the community and primary health care system. The program was successful in strengthening the health system to expand vaccination and actively prevent COVID-19 epidemic.
The Effect of Proton-Pump Inhibitors the on Development of Arrhythmia and Hypomagnesemia After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Abbaspour Hasan , Peivandi Yazdi Arash , Vakili Vida , Purafzali Firuzabadi Seyed Javad , Abbasi Tashnizi Mohamad , Amini Shahram
Published: January 2024

Background: Long-term use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) can result in hypomagnesemia and arrhythmia. This study aimed to compare the effect of PPI and histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H2 RA) on the incidence of hypomagnesemia and arrhythmia in patients following off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Method: In this randomized-controlled clinical trial 290 patients admitted to the ICU after off-pump CABG were randomly divided into two groups of H2 RA (n=145) and PPI (n=145). For patients in the H2 RA group, 50 mg intravenous ranitidine was prescribed every 8 hours after the nothing by mouth (NPO) period, followed by 40 mg famotidine tablets after starting the oral regimen (PO). The PPI group received 40 mg pantozol IV injections every 12 hours during the NPO period and 40 mg pantozol tablets once daily after becoming PO. The patients were investigated for the development of hypomagnesemia and associated arrhythmia. Results: In total 271 patients with a mean age of 59.3±10 years completed the study (female/male=32.8%). Hypomagnesemia occurred in 60.1% of the patients, 76 (56.7%) in the H2 RA group and 87 (63.5%) in the PPI group (P=0.245), whereas arrhythmia had a prevalence of 12 (9.6%) and 15 (11.1%) cases, respectively (P=0.690). The mean time of occurrence of hypomagnesemia and arrhythmia was 1.75±1.08 and 3.0±0.9 days after the operation in the H2 RA group (P=0.111) and 1.47±0.7 and 2.9±1.5 days in the PPI group (P=0.897), respectively. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the short-term use of PPIs does not result in higher rates of hypomagnesemia and associated arrhythmia in comparison to H2 RA consumption after off-pump CABG.
Study on Enhancements to the Current Document Production Order System
Authors:   LAW RESEARCH INSTITUTE CHUNGBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kwon Ohsang
Published: January 2024

Although the current document production order system has been evaluated as a generalized obligation to produce documents, it has limitations due to the fact that it recognizes a wide range of exceptions and lacks strong and effective sanctions for non-compliance with document production orders. Article 344(2) of the Civil Procedure Act stipulates that general documents are subject to the obligation to produce, but excludes documents possessed by governmental entity. If the subject of a document production order is a third party, the penalty is a fine of not more than 5 million won, and if the subject of the order is a party, the court may recognize the other party's claim that the document is true. In order to overcome the limitations of the document production order system and improve its effectiveness, it is necessary to expand the material and personal scope of the obligation to produce, i.e., documents possessed by governmental entity should be included in the same way as general documents, and information stored in electronic form should be expanded to be submitted. Sanctions for production orders should also be strengthened. Where documents are under the control of the other party, such as in modern litigation, it is reasonable to assume that a party's failure to comply with a production order is a prima facie case. In addition, the discretionary sanction method should be changed to a mandatory sanction method, and the means of sanction should be diversified, such as increasing the penalty. In addition, it is desirable to change the procedure for appealing an order to produce documents to an appeal procedure at the appropriate level instead of an immediate appeal.
Sistem Informasi Pengajuan Perizinan berbasis WEB di SD Negeri 2 Bloro
Authors: Rizqiana  , Santoso Firman , Nisyak Helyatin , Fitriyah Nadzirotul
Published: January 2024

Di masa yang berbasiskan internet seperti saat ini, teknologi berbasis web sudah banyak digunakan untuk membantu sistem pemrosesan di suatu perusahaan maupun lembaga. Salah satunya pada proses pengajuan izin, dimana sistem yang sedang berjalan di SD Negeri 2 Bloro masih menggunakan model konvesional yaitu dengan media tulis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membangun sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi pengajuan perizinan berbasis website dimana untuk memudahkan tenaga pendidik dalam pengajuan izin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall dalam melakukan rancang bangun sistem informasi perizinan berbasis web, dimana pengerjaannya dilakukan secara bertahap. Mulai dari analisis, perancangan, implementasi, pengujian dan pemeliharaan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. PHP merupakan bahasa pemograman berbasis website bersifat server-side yang berarti kode pemograman PHP di proses seluruhnya  di dalam web server. MySQL  merupakan bahasa yang memiliki  kemampuan cukup baik untuk menunjang kerja para developer. Pada penelitian ini  dengan membangun aplikasi perizinan pegawai pada SD Negeri 2 Bloro berbasis website dengan menggunakaan Bahasa pemrograman php dan database mysql. Aplikasi yang direncanakan dalam bentuk website agar pengajuan izin bersifat dinamis, praktis, dan dapat diakses dimana saja, kapan saja, dan oleh seluruh tenaga pendidik.
Sistem Informasi E-Arsip Berbasis WEB di Kantor Desa Bulusari
Authors: A. Hamdani  , Saleh Taufik , Samad Abdus , Adiman Muhammad Fauzen
Published: January 2024

Dewasa ini pemanfaatan teknologi kian berkembang dengan sangat pesat, khususnya dalam pemanfaatan teknologi komputer memudahkan dan mempercepat dalam mengelolah data dan mendapatkan output sistem yang lebih valid. Dengan perkembangan teknologi ini, sistem pelayanan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat Desa Bulusari telah ditangani dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi, namun dalam pengelolaan arsip masih ditangani dengan cara konvensional, sehingga banyak kendala yang dijumpai oleh pengelola arsip, dimana arsip yang disimpan masih berupa hardcopy, sehingga tingkat kehilangan dan kerusakan berkas sangat tinggi, serta ruang penyimpanan yang memuat banyak tumpukan berkas akan menyulitkan dalam melakukan pencarian kembali berkas yang dibutuhkan. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan yaitu SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) dengan model penelitian Waterfall sebagai langkah pendekatan kepada masalah yang diteliti dan terdiri dari beberapa fase yang terurut dari awal perencanaan, analisis, perancangan, implementasi dan pemeliharaan sistem yang dibangun. DFD (Data Flow Diagram) dipakai sebagai metode perancangan sistem dan pendekatan fungsionalnya. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menghindari tingkat kehilangan dan kerusakan berkas yang tinggi, juga memudahkan pencarian dan pengelolaan terhadap arsip. Sistem E-arsip yang dibangun diharapkan dapat membantu petugas pengelolah arsip dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sehingga kinerja yang diberikan akan lebih maksimal dalam efektifitas dan efisiensi waktu.
Sistem Informasi Customer Service Berbasis WEB pada PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia, Tbk. (TELKOM) Jember
Authors: Ashrifa Diba , Rahman Miftahur , Maryam Zakiyyah Amalina
Published: January 2024

PT Telekomukasi Indonesia, Tbk (Telkom) Jember dalam pekerjaan customer service seperti menghubungi pelanggan untuk mengingatkan tagihan tiap bulan bagi yang baru berlangganan produk dari PT Telekomukasi Indonesia, Tbk (Telkom) Jember. Dalam pekerjaan tersebut tentu ada pengolahan data yang harus terperinci dan dapat dilakukan dengan cepat. Namun, pengolahan data yang masih digunakan di PT Telekomukasi Indonesia, Tbk (Telkom) Jember menggunakan sistem kurang praktis seperti penggunaan Google Sheet yang kemudian diperiksa satu persatu nomer internet pelanggan (copy-paste) ke  program lainnya untuk mengetahui jumlah tagihan yang menunggak, lalu setelah itu menghubungi pelanggan tersebut dan mencatat hal-hal seperti keluhan pelanggan. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi saat ini, pelayanan pelanggan dibuat secara mudah dan cepat. Pada penelitian ini pembuatan web menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan metode yang digunakan yaitu model waterfall.  Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa sebuah sistem yang dapat mengolah data calling. Sistem dapat digunakan oleh petugas pelayanan PT Telekomukasi Indonesia, Tbk (Telkom) Jember. Dengan adanya sistem ini, pembuatan laporan hasil calling menjadi lebih efektif berupa data informasi yang diinput secara online dalam satu program melalui website sehingga dapat menghasilkan laporan hasil calling yang siap cetak atau download oleh bagian customer service.
منهج ابن سعيد الأندلسيّ في كتاب "عرائس الأدب"
Authors: الشوابكة نوال
Published: January 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن منهج ابن سعيد الأندلسيّ (ت685هـ/1286م) في كتابه "عرائس الأدب"، وهو كتاب في تراجم الشعراء "الأندلسيين". وينقسم البحث إلى موضوعين هما: منهج ابن سعيد في تأليف الكتاب، ومنهجه في نقد الأشعار التي أوردها فيه. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة في ذلك على المنهج التحليليّ الوصفيّ.
وقد كشف البحث عن أنّ ابن سعيد قد انتهج في تأليفه لهذا الكتاب، نهجًا استفاد فيه من مناهج مؤلّفاته الأخرى في تراجم الأدباء، ككتاب "المُغْرِب في حُلى المَغْرب"، و"رايات المبّرزين وغايات المميّزين"، و"القدح المعلّى في التاريخ المحلّى"، و"الغصون اليانعة في شعراء المائة السابعة"، وغيرها، وأضاف إلى ذلك طابعًا خاصًا يميّزه عن تلك المؤلفات.
كما كشف البحث عن أنّ ابن سعيد في نقده للأشعار التي أوردها في كتابه وتعليقاته عليها، قد سار على نهج خاص حدّد ملامحه في كتابه "عنوان المرقصات والمطربات"، الذي صنّف بموجبه الشّعر إلى مرقص ومطرب ومقبول ومتروك وغيرها.
وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن كتاب ابن سعيد "عرائس الأدب"، أضاف مادة معرفيّة، لا نجد جزءًا منها في أي مصدر أخر، وأن العامل الرئيس في إصدار أحكام ابن سعيد النقدية، جاءت محكومة بذائقته الجمالية وانطباعاته الذاتية.
المكونات الصوتية لفونيم الراء /r/ المُشَوَّه نطقيًا في العربية لدى فئة البالغين - دراسة تحليلية مقارنة
Authors: حسين ابتسام
Published: January 2024

يعنى هذا البحث بدراسة الخصائص الفيزيائية للمكونات الصوتية "Formants" الأربعة [F1 – F4] لفونيم الراء/r/ المضطرب نطقياً بنوع التشويه في العربية، وسلط الضوء على أكثر أشكال التشويه انتشاراً لدى فئة البالغين وتتمثل بـالتشويه اللثوي المنكفئ التقريبي/ɻ /، وبالتشويه اللهوي المكرر/ʀ/، وبالتشويه اللهوي التقريبي/ʁ/، كما دُرِست المكونات الصوتية للراء السليم لتكون محط مقارنة بينها وبين الراء المُشَوَّه في سياق الصوائت الثلاثة في العربية "الفتحة /a/ والضمة /u/ والكسرة /i/". اعتُمِد أخذ معدل تردد المكونات الصوتية من أربعين مشاركا" عشرة مشاركين بالغين من كل شكل نطقي"، وسُجِّلت العينة اللغوية بوساطة جهازCSL وحُلِّلت باستخدام برنامج Praat.
وقد خلص البحث إلى تأثر المكونات الصوتية بشكل واضح بموقع التشويه بين أن يكون في مقدم الفم "تشويه أمامي" أو مؤخره " تشويه خلفي"، وبصفة النطق بين أن تكون على التكرار أو النقر أو التقريب، وبهيئة طرف اللسان بين أن يكون منكفئا باتجاه مؤخر الفم أو غير منكفئ، كما تَبَيَّنَ تأثيرً السياق الصائتي على المكونات F1 و F2 و F3، إذ انخفضت قيمة F1 مع كل من الضمة والكسرة بينما ارتفعت قيمة F2 و F3 مع الكسرة وانخفضت مع الضمة مقارنة بالفتحة وذلك مع كل من الراء السليم والراء المُشَوَّه.
 ([1]) Boersma P, Weenink D, (2020). Praat: Doing phonetics by computer,Version 5.1.2.9, Retrieved from http://www.praat.org/.       
يستخدم هذا البرنامج في الدراسات التطبيقية لتحليل الأصوات فيزيائيا والوقوف على خصائصها من نحو التردد والشدة والزمن والدرجة الصوتية والشكل الموجي وغير ذلك.
تجليات الصورة الشعرية الحسيّة في ديوان " الملاح التائه" للشاعر علي محمود طه
Authors: عياط حامد , ابو مراد فتحي , الزعبي محمد
Published: January 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عن بعض تجليات الصورة الشعرية الحسية (البصرية، السمعية، الذوقية، اللمسية، الشمية) في ديوان " الملاح التائه" للشاعر علي محمود طه، وإلى الكشف عن دور هذه الصور في الإيحاء بتجاربه الشعرية الخاصة، وإلى معرفة قدرته على تجسيد هذه الصور في ذهنه وخياله أولا ثَمَّ الإيحاء بها إلى خيال المتلقين لشعره.
وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في ذلك. وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى أنَّ الجانب الأكبر من الصورة الشعرية الحسية في ديوان الملاح التائه كان من نصيب الصورتين البصرية والسمعية على التوالي، تلتهما الصورة الحسية الذوقية فاللمسية فالشمّيّة على التوالي أيضا، وذلك حسب درجة حضور هذه الصور في الديوان.
وبدت الصورة الشعرية الحسية في الديوان بشكل عام مليئة بتأملات الشاعر الوجدانية الخاصة والعامة، وبالانفعالات التي كانت تعتمل في نفسه، التي تَحاوَرَ معها بوساطة لغته الخاصة. وقد تميزت تلك الصور الشعرية بفرادة أسلوبها وجمالها، وجاء ذلك من خلال رؤيته للواقع المتحقق الذي يعيشه أو من خلال الواقع الذي يطمح إلى تحقيقه، أو من خلال نفسه الشاعرة المتميزة برومانسيتها وحيرتها.
إشكاليات ترجمة المجاز القرآني إلى اللغة الإنجليزية في نماذج مختارة من ترجمتي آربيري Arberr ))، ومحمد محسن خان والهلالي دراسة تحليلية
Authors: مشاهرة مشهور , أبو عيسى مجدل
Published: January 2024

تسعى هذه الدراسةُ إلى النّظر في كيفية تعامل مترجمي معاني القرآن الكريم إلى اللغة الإنجليزية مع قضية المجاز، معتمدة في ذلك على ترجمتي كل من محمد محسن خان ومحمد تقي الدين الهلالي، وترجمة آربيري (Arberry). وقد اختارت الدّراسة هاتين الترجمتين لأن أصحابها يأتون من خلفيّات ثقافية مختلفة، الأمر الذي يساعد الدراسة عملياً في الوقوف على أثر العاملين: الثقافي والديني في ترجمة معاني القرآن. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، مبتدئة بمقدمة نظرية عامة عن القضايا التي استند إليها البحث، لتصل إلى الجانب التطبيقي، الذي تناول آياتٍ من مواضعَ مختلفةٍ في القرآن الكريم، اشتملت على تعابيرَ مجازيةٍ، جرى توضيحها وتفسير معانيها بالعودة إلى كتب تفسير القرآن الكريم، والنظر في ترجماتها، وتقييمها، ببيان مدى موافقتها للمعاني المقصودة، ثُمّ رصد الأخطاء فيها ومحاولة تصويبها وأحياناً اقتراح خيارات بديلة. تخلص الدّراسة من بعد ذلك كلّه إلى أنّ عملية ترجمة المجاز في القرآن الكريم أصعب من ترجمة أي نص آخر، لأسباب تحاول الدراسة توضيحها وبيان سبل تخطيها ما أمكن. وفي الوقت نفسه فإنّ الدراسة لا تتخذ موقفًا معارضًا لترجمة معاني القرآن، وتتأنى في حكمها بالضّعف عليها، وتؤمن بإمكانية تخطي العقبات التي تعترض طرق المترجمين في المستقبل.
Invitro Fermentation of West African dwarf (wad) goats fed treated Rice husk as Wheat bran substitute
Authors: Femi Afolayan
Published: January 2024

ABSTSRACT
The study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro fermentation characteristics of West African Dwarf goat fed treated rice husk as wheat bran substitute. A total of 20 growing West Africa Dwarf goats were subjected to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 4 animals per replicate. The treatments are: 0% RH (T1), 25% RH (T2), 50% RH (T3), 75% RH (T4) and 100% RH (T5). The animals were fed at 5% of their body weight. The result showed that T2 and T1 are relatively high in crude protein, low in crude fiber, moderate in crude fat and high in carbohydrate. They equally had the lowest values of ADF, ADL and NDF among the treatments. The gas volume produced under each treatment continue to increase at every three hours. The production of gas was significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the incubation period and that T1 produced more gas followed by treatment T2 and then T3 and T4 while T5 had the least gas production. Methane (CH4) production was least in goats fed T4, followed by goat fed T1 while those on T2, T3 and T5 produced the highest and same methane gas quantities. In conclusion, treated rice husk as a substitute for wheat bran at 25 and 75% inclusion level gave better in-vitro fermentation performance in the goat.
Key words: Treated rice husk, WAD goat, weigh gain, feed conversion ratio, feed intake
Income Diversification among Small-Holder Farmers in Bosso Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammed Y. , Adejoh S.O , Arowolo K.O , Galadima C
Published: January 2024

The study examined income diversification among smallholder farmers in Bosso Local Government Area of Niger state, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 94 respondents for the study. Primary data were used and collected with aid of structured questionnaire complemented with an interview schedule. Descriptive statistics, diversity index and Logit regression model were employed to analyze the data collected. From the result of analysis, the mean age of the farmers was 44 years, average household size was 8 members per household and farm size was 2.4 hectares. Majority (78.7%) of the respondents acquired one form of formal education or the other, while 21.3% did not have formal education. Reasons for income diversification were poor crop and animal yield (97.9%), availability of off-farm opportunities and limited income from animal production (78.7%), and limited income from crop production (75.5%) ranked 1st, 2nd and 4th, respectively. The result further revealed that 69.2% of the respondents had an income diversity index of 0.21 - 0.40 indicating that level of income diversification was moderately low. The determinants of income diversification in the study area were age (-2.12), household size (1.83), land ownership (2.36), non – farm opportunities (5.42) and farm size (-2.47). These variables were positively related to income diversification and statistically significant 10%, 5% and 1% level of probability, respectively. In conclusion, diversification into various income sources have helped the respondents to sustain family demands, although, level of income diversification was low. It was therefore recommended that Government should formulate and implement policies that encourage smallholders to diversify their income in the study area.
The Determinant of Profit Inefficiency of Soybean Producers in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Olawuyi T. O , Afolami Professor
Published: January 2024

This research work examined the determinants of profit inefficiency of soybean producers in Niger State of Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling method was used to sample 216 respondents for the purpose of this research work. Primary data were taken on respondents’ socio-economic factors, cost and return and determinants of profit inefficiency of soybean producers with the use of a questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed with means, frequency counts, percentages, cost and return analysis, stochastic profit frontier and profit inefficiency (SFPF) model. The gross margin was found to be ₦859,376.55 and profit efficiencies of soybean producers in the study area varied from 11.0% to 100.0% with a mean value of 80.4%. Farmland and seed affected soybean profit positively while herbicide and labour affected soybean profit negatively. Producers’ age and access to credit facilities were the major determinants of profit inefficiency. This study concluded that soybean farmers in the area of study were profit inefficient in soybean production. The study recommended that adult and extension education, workshops and seminars should be encouraged and made free among soybean farmers and that Young and experienced farmers should be encouraged to engage in soybean production by providing basic incentives such as credit facilities at low interest rate to increase the profit efficiency of producers.
Effect of Variety, Seedling Transplanting Age and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth Performance of Rice in Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria
Authors: NDA SL
Published: January 2024

Agronomic field trial was conducted during 2015 and 2016 planting seasons at National Cereals Research Institute Farms of Edozhigi and Badeggi, located in the Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. The study assessed the effect of variety, seedling transplanting age and nitrogen fertilizer rates on the growth of rice. Treatments consisted of two rice varieties (FARO 44 and FARO 52), four seedling transplanting ages (7, 14, 21 and 28 days after planting) and five inorganic N fertilizer rates (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N/ha). Treatments were laid out as split–split plot arrangement fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The measured growth parameters were plant height and number of tillers. pplication of 120_240 kg N/ha to 28 days old seedlings of Faro 44 and Faro 52 is recommended for optimum rice growth in Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria.
Gamma Irradiation Doses reduce Cooking time and Improve Nutritional Profile of selected Pigeon pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] Genotypes in Nigeria
Authors: DAUDU O.A.Y
Published: January 2024

Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.) is a self-pollinating perennial legume shrub with over 30,000 accessions deposited world-wide. Despite the nutritional importance of pigeon peas, its detrimental traits such as its long cooking time, has led to low cultivation of the crop and inhibit its consumers’ request. Concerted efforts to improve both the quality and quantity of this crop through mutation breeding informed this research. It was based on this premise that the study was aimed to evaluate gamma irradiation influences on the nutrient quality and cooking duration of selected pigeon pea varieties in Nigeria. Four accessions of pigeon peas (‘NG/SA/11/08/108’, ‘NG/AO/MAY/00/021/01’, ‘TCC-2’ and ‘NG/SA/07/191’) were obtained from National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Ibadan. They were irradiated at the Oncological Department ABU Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria, using Cobalt-60 (60CO) irradiation source. Standard procedures were followed to determine the effects of the irradiation on cookability and nutritional profile of the M1 plants and their respective controls. It was established that all the parameters tested were irradiation dose dependent. In NG/AO/MAY/00/021/01, 100 Gy produced the highest protein (20.40 %) and highest carbohydrate (68.93 %) contents. Anti-nutritional factors such as cyanide were lower (48.83, 46.22, 43.65 and 44.75 mg/kg in NG/AO/MAY/00/021/01, NG/SA/11/08/108, NG/SA/07/191 and TCC-2) at 400 Gy than those of their respective controls (54.83, 56.83, 53. and 53.55 mg/kg). The amount of Magnesium increased with higher doses of gamma irradiation (1.37 g/100 g for 200 Gy NG/AO/MAY/00/021/01; 1.03 g/100g for 400 Gy NG/SA/11/08/108 and 1.13 g/100 g for TCC-2). There were significant reductions in cooking time in 400 Gy treatments for all the genotypes. The differences between the control and the least cooking time in 400 Gy were 11, 16, 22 and 15 minutes for NG/AO/MAY/00/021/01, NG/SA/11/08/108, NG/SA/07/191 and TCC-2, respectively. It was therefore concluded that these variations could be exploited for further improvement of the crop for food security.
Keywords: Cooking time, Mutation breeding, Gamma irradiation, Cookability, Dose dependent