bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Report on the Effect of Triphala Decoction in Tartar-Induced Periodontitis in Dentistry
Authors: Mridulata Maurya  , Akshata Nara  , Dinesh Kumar Maurya  , Tarun Kumar Dwibedi
Published: September 2023

Dental tartar causes irritation and inflammation in gingival tissue. Further, it attacks the soft periodontal tissue which supports the teeth. Therefore, all supragingival and subgingival tartar was removed by an ultrasonic scaler on the 1st day, and the patient was advised to swish Triphala (equal amount of Amla, Haritaki, and Vibhitaki) decoction in the oral cavity from the evening on the same day of scaling. The lukewarm decoction was kept in the oral cavity for 10 minutes and then swallowed. It was given twice a day for 30 days after the meal. The patient was advised to visit on the 7th, 15th, and 30th day of follow-up. Triphala itself has an antimicrobial property. Its decoction kept in the oral cavity stimulated the saliva flow. Saliva has lysozymes that have a bactericidal effect on the oral micro-organisms. Triphala expelled the toxins from the gut by increasing the peristalsis movement of GIT. It had a digestive stimulant property which increased the digestive fire and improved overall oral health. As the Triphala decoction showed very effective results on scaling wound, it may be used as herbal mouthwash in the future. Besides, Triphala powder is easily available, economical, and has negligible side effects.
Diagnostic Criteria for Garbhasaya Grivamukhgata Vrana (Cervical Erosion)
Authors: Khatri Neetu  , Verma Anjali
Published: September 2023

In Ayurveda, Trisutra is the three modules which are, first Hetu (etiology), second Linga (signs and symptoms) and third Aushadh (treatment or management of disease). The aim of Ayurveda is to maintain Dhatusamya (equilibrium state of Dhatus) which in turn causes health. To know the Linga (sign and symptoms) of disease, there is a need of proper examination of patient. Various diagnostic method has been described in various Ayurvedic texts, out of which ‘Trividha Pariksha’ i.e., Darshana (inspection), Sparshana (Palpation, percussion), Prashana (questionnaire) has more importance for diagnostic purpose.  All the other diagnostic method explains in Ayurveda as well as modern science can be categorized under these basic ‘Trividha Pariksha’.  Cervical erosion is the common gynecological problem most likely in many women throughout their reproductive years. Due to its non-healing and recurrent nature of cervical erosion is the leading cause of cancer in cervix in women. So, these ‘Trividha Pariksha’ plays a key role in diagnosis of cervical erosion (Garbhasaya Grivamukhgata Vrana). It is used to determine the root cause of the Garbhasaya Grivamukhgata vrana and to determine the treatment of disease. The diagnosis process involves the assessment of several subjective and objective parameters pertaining to the disease as well as patient. Darshana pariksha and Sparshana pariksha come under objective parameter whereas Prashana pariksha come under subjective parameter.
Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Rasnadi Basti in the Management of Vandhyatvo w.s.r to Anovulation
Authors: Gaur Rasmi  , Donga S. B  , Dei L.P  , C. R. Harisha  , Shukla Vinay J
Published: September 2023

Rasnadi basti is mainly indicated for the Vataj disorders i.e., Vibandha, Anaha, Aruchi, Shoola, Vandhyatva, Pradara, Prameha, Yonidosha, Pandu, etc. It is having properties like Sarvaroganivarana, Shukrajanana, Vrushya, and Pumsavana Parama. Acharya Siddhinandan Mishra has mentioned the effectiveness of Rasnadi basti in the treatment of Vandhyatva. Vandhyatva (infertility) has got many etiological factors; one among them is anovulation. Vata is governing factor of the whole reproductive physiology & any vitiation in Vata may lead to anovulation. Basti Karma is the best choice for the treatment of Vata Dosha. In the study, Rasnadi Basti was given to one of the trial group having infertility due to anovulation. So, for the assurance of the quality of herbal compounds used to prepare Rasnadi basti, its pharmacognostic and pharmaceutical analysis was necessary. Methods: Freshly prepared Rasnadi Basti was subjected to microscopic evaluation for pharmacognostic & physiochemical analysis like specific gravity & solid content. Results: Pharmacognostical study showed the presence of certain identifying characteristics of the ingredients of Rasnadi basti i.e., Rasna, Eranda, Patala, Musta, Vacha, Pippli, Agnimantha, Kustha, Yastimadhu, etc. In pharmaceutical study, the preliminary physiochemical analysis showed solid content of 52.53% w/v & specific gravity of 1.0242. Conclusions: Pharmacognostical and physico-chemical observations revealed the specific characteristics of all active constituents of Rasnadi basti and confirmed the purity and genuinity of the formulation.
The Healing Potential of Nidra in Ayurvedic Medicine: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Suman Meena  , Pradeep Kumar Meena
Published: September 2023

Nidra is considered an essential aspect of maintaining overall health and well-being according to Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine. The article delves into the Ayurvedic principles and philosophies that underpin the significance of Nidra in promoting physical, mental, and emotional healing.
Ayurvedic understanding of sleep and its relationship with the body's Doshas (energetic forces) - Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. It highlights how an imbalance in these Doshas can disrupt the quality and duration of sleep, leading to various health issues. Additionally, the article explores the concept of "Sukha Nidra" (restful sleep) as an integral part of Ayurvedic daily routines (dinacharya) and its impact on overall vitality.
Therapeutic benefits of Nidra in addressing specific health concerns, such as stress, anxiety, insomnia, and fatigue. It explores the role of Nidra in promoting cellular rejuvenation, hormonal balance, and the restoration of the body's natural healing mechanisms. Ayurvedic practices, such as the use of herbs, oils, and lifestyle modifications, to enhance the quality of sleep are also discussed.
Ayurvedic techniques and practices that can optimize Nidra and facilitate deeper, more restorative sleep. These include meditation, Pranayama (breathing exercises), yoga asanas (postures), and the adoption of a balanced Ayurvedic diet. The article emphasizes the holistic nature of Nidra, highlighting its ability to address imbalances on physical, mental, and spiritual levels. Overall, this comprehensive overview aims to shed light on the healing potential of Nidra, providing valuable insights for individuals seeking natural and holistic approaches to improve sleep quality and overall well-being.
Reformation of Reproductive Health Using Havishyaanna in Rajaswalacharya
Authors: Sarika Trimbak Shinde
Published: September 2023

It’s been years that women are suffering from general disturbances associated with menstruation like abdominal pain, psychological stress, disturbed bowel movements. PG inhibitors and antispasmodic drugs etc are the popular mode of medication used in regular gynaecological clinical practice. It can give relief to the patient but has limitations over preventing the recurrence, which is, tend to happen mainly in adolescent and middle aged women due to modern lifestyle. According to Ayurveda, menstruation is a physiological process and governed by the actions of the three balanced state Doshas exist in a proper and its inequality causes abnormal menstruation. There are amazing diets and lifestyle modification given in Ayurveda which are beneficial to restore menstrual health with different combinations given in the ancient texts. Amongst all given possible diets during menstruation, Havishyanna - special diet is the most feasible as patients can make it on its own, consume for first three days of menstrual cycle which requires very less timing and has simple procedure. Menstruating women can deal with symptomatic and psychological changes occur during the menstruation by practicing Rajaswala Paricharya. Addition to this Havishyanna helps to reform reproductive health, it maintains balance of Vata dosha during menstruation, proper Rajavahan and Rajasrav, proper Rutukal nirmiti which helps to form high quality of oocyte, maintain healthy uterine environment, all these able to carry healthy pregnancy, in turn healthy Progeny.
Management of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG): Ayurvedic and Modern Approaches
Authors: Archana Bartwal  , Dayashankar Singh  , Arun Kumar Pandey
Published: September 2023

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic disease characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), optic nerve damage, and visual field loss. This review explores the management of glaucoma from both Ayurvedic and modern medical perspectives, discussing their similarities, differences, and potential benefits. Modern therapeutic approaches include medication, laser therapy, and surgery to lower IOP and prevent visual field damage. However, glaucoma progression and optic nerve damage can occur even with normal IOP levels. Ayurveda views POAG as a manifestation of Adhimantha, primarily involving Pitta and Rakta doshas. Ayurvedic treatments focus on improving ocular health through various therapies, herbal formulations, and lifestyle modifications. Integrating Ayurvedic and modern approaches may provide a comprehensive approach to glaucoma management, enhancing patient outcomes.
A Systemic Review on Comparative Study of Traditional And Modern Methods of Preparation of Ayurvedic Medicines
Authors: Parul Rani  , Mandeep Jaiswal  , Dinesh Kumar Maurya  , Anil Kumar Varshney  , Nitin Sharma  , Ashish Kumar Tripathi
Published: September 2023

Affordable, high-quality Ayurvedic remedies may be the answer to today's healthcare demands of the Indian and worldwide communities. In order to scale up manufacturing of the medications, which is required to satisfy the rising demand, it is vital to relate Ayurvedic preparations with modern processing principles. For bettering the dosage forms, it's also crucial to comprehend the basic Ayurvedic concepts behind formulation and processing. There has been no systematic research to compare ancient and contemporary processing methods, despite the fact that the Ayurvedic sector has included technology from the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. This study makes an effort to show a potential relationship between modern processing principles and Ayurvedic processing techniques. By gathering data from English translations of old Ayurvedic writings on medication preparation techniques, a thorough literature analysis was carried out to determine the Ayurvedic processing procedures. Based on the methods employed in Ayurvedic medication processing, a correlation between traditional and modern processing principles was conducted. Extraction and separation were found to be the two main types of procedures used in the manufacture of Ayurvedic medicines. Separation employs volatility, adsorption, and size-exclusion principles whereas extraction relies on membrane rupturing and solute diffusion principles. The study offers systematic recording of the Ayurvedic processes for making Ayurvedic medicines, coupled with an explanation of those processes in terms of modern processing principles. This is the initial stage that can lead to the advancement or replacement of conventional methods.
Deepan-Pachan: The First Line of Treatment
Authors: Surolia Manaswi Mukesh  , Rath Sudipta
Published: September 2023

The science of Ayurveda is laid upon its fundamental principles and concept. Having a holistic approach its purpose are maintenance of health and elimination of disease. For the second purpose the approach for management of the disease begins with examination of patient. Classical texts have highlighted 10 important factors to be examined before reaching a diagnosis, one of those factors is Agni. The concept of Agni is variably explained in various texts, but the fundamentals remain same. The significance of Agni can be understood, as in Ashtang hriday it is mentioned that the reason behind every disease is the weakness of this Agni. Textually as well as practically, it is seen that pathogenesis of every disease begins with weakness of Agni. Weakened Agni leads to formation of Aama which is the undigested Ahara rasa, the root cause of diseases. While the pathogenesis of diseases begins with these two steps the therapeutics will also include management of these two as a priority. Weakened Agni is managed by Deepan karma whereas Aama is managed by Pachan karma. These two Karmas form the first line of treatment in managing various disorders mostly those involving Aama dosha. Both of these karmas can be used in various stages depending upon requirement whether solely or in combination. This article attempts to highlight the significance of Deepan and Pachan karma thereby highlighting the importance of Agni in therapeutics.
Successfully Treated of Psoriasis by a Constitutional Homeopathic Medicine
Authors: Tanmay Sarkar  , Abhinandan Das
Published: September 2023

An autoimmune multi-systemic condition called psoriasis has an effect on psychological and emotional health, including low self-esteem, stigma, and anxious mental states. The estimated global frequency is about 2%; however, it varies from nation to nation. A 32 years old female patient was diagnosed with psoriasis and she has suffering from voluptuous itching with a burning sensation mainly at night, brownish-red discoloration of skin and also scaly formation. After scratching sometimes oozing blood from the scalp, waist region and legs for the last 7 years. The patient was treated with different kind methods of treatment yet there was no agreeable outcome emerged. Therefore, the patient pursued homoeopathic treatment for a permanent recovery. A constitutional homoeopathic medicine Lycopodium clavatum 200CH was prescribed truly based on symptoms totality. The symptoms improved after the second prescription. According to homoeopathic principles, this led to an increasing the potency of Lycopodium clavatum 1M. After a few months of treatment, a noticeable outcome as well as a perceptible improvement in the PASI Index appeared. This instance demonstrates the beneficial benefits of homoeopathic constitutional treatment of psoriasis.
Clinical Evaluation of Jalaukavacharana (Medicinal Leech Therapy) in Non-Healing Ulcer
Authors: Gaurav Parmar  , Nidhi Sharma
Published: September 2023

Chronic non-healing ulcers are those that do not heal within three months or often remain in the inflammatory stage for too long and may never heal or may take years. Some wounds heal easily by body’s self-healing mechanism and some poses challenge to normal wound healing and does not heal in time and becomes a matter of concern for the physicians. Leech therapy proved to be a better treatment option by benefits of its salivary constituents in wound healing. It is an ancient way of treating such complicated disorders mentioned in different texts. A patient came at Shalya Tantra OPD with ulcer on posterior aspect of right ankle joint above the heel which was not healing since 6 months even on daily antiseptic dressings. Patient gave h/o immobilization for 2 months following ORIF of same joint 7 months back. During immobilization, after 1month of ORIF, patient developed ulcer at posterior aspect of Rt. Ankle above heel. Leech was applied at wound site twice weekly initially followed by once weekly then once in 15 days along with antiseptic dressing daily. The ulcer started showing signs of healing within three sittings and completely healed by 4 months. This study was carried out in Department of Shalya Tantra, Rajiv Gandhi govt. Post Graduate Ayurvedic college and Hospital, Paprola.
Efficacy of Homoeopathic Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abhinandan Das  , Tanmay Sarkar  , Shimul Das  , Abhisake Sabud
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a non-inflammatory heterogeneous group of degenerative joint disease. Homoeopathic remedy has encountered rheumatological problems very well. The main aim of this systemic review was to evaluate, specify and pinpoint the findings of all relevant individualised studies, thereby making the available evidence more accessible to decision-makers. Materials & Methods: An intensive search of RCT clinical research manuscripts published between 2000 and 2022 was done under various databases and it ensured that all papers belong to peer-reviewed journals. The data items were extracted by following points like publication years, population, interventions and comparator (Verum vs control), outcomes, methods, overall result and manufacturer of Verum. The five-point Jadad scoring system was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected trials with increasing scores indicating a higher quality. Whereas the null hypothesis in this systematic review was that individualized homoeopathic medicine had no impact. Results: A total of 56 experimental and controlled clinical trials were identified to be screened. After complete screening, the proper number of eligible papers was 12 and finally selected 08 RCT with a double-blind peer-review published paper. The studies maintain total number of patients of 1,891 and after dropping out 1,628 patients eagerly continued. The 08 studies focused on knee joints and lower back pain. Conclusion: In this study, we clearly understood that homoeopathic combination formulas work well on OA. Individualized Homoeopathic remedy was not effective due to insufficient trial reports. It’s also noticeable that homoeopathic combinations may have some adverse drug reactions. So, we need proper evidence for individualized homoeopathic medicine to say it works properly. It’s our duty to uptake trial testing continuously for the betterment of homoeopathy. However, more research is needed to completely evaluate and validate the efficacy or inadequacy of therapy with OA.
A Conceptual Study on Rajyakshma through Ayurveda
Authors: Pooja Rani  , Pramod Kumar Mishra  , Brahmanand Sharma  , Indu Sharma  , Julee Meena
Published: September 2023

One of the Asthamahagadas described by Acharya Charaka and known as the "king of the disease" is Rajyakshma. Due to its multisystem involvement and syndromic expression, it has traditionally been difficult to identify and treat. Therefore, it is crucial to fully comprehend Nidana and Samprapti prior to making treatment plans. Rajayakshma has been linked to numerous immunodeficiency syndromes. However, a closer look at the symptoms reveals that it more closely resembles a multisystem respiratory disease. As well as being classified as an Aupsargika Vyadhi, the ailment also had a number of predisposing elements or Chaturvidha Nidana. Tridoshas and Sapta Dhatu are induced as a result of Nidana indulgence. In the present period, pulmonary tuberculosis can be linked to Rajyakshma, which affects the Pranavaha Srotasa. Although the pathophysiology of Rajayakshma and pulmonary tuberculosis differ, their clinical profiles are remarkably similar. Western medicine focuses primarily on infectious diseases, how they spread, various diagnostic techniques, and WHO-recommended antibiotics. The paper's main goals are to fully convey the fundamental ideas of Rajayakshma's Hetu and Samprapti and how they affect the Pranavaha Srotasa in relation to pulmonary tuberculosis. Rajayakshma is considered the king of all diseases. It is formed with two words: Raja (king) and Yakshma (decay), which means fraying condition of huge magnitude. The symptoms of Rajayakshma include Sahasa (extreme tension and strain), Vegasandharana (restraining natural impulses), Kshaya (decreasing Dhathu), and Vishamashana (resisting natural urges). It is a Shosha that Madhyama Rogamarga Vyadhi has manifested. The Tridosha and the Sapta Dhatu are impacted by the emergence of Ekadasha Roopa. The Nidana and the Samprapti are given a lot of attention in the classics of Ayurveda, since they are crucial to comprehending Chikitsa. Chikitsa is Nidana Parivarjana and Samprapti Vighatana; it is nothing. Rajayakshma's knowledge was compiled by exhaustively searching the primary Ayurvedic literature. Rajayakshma is a rare illness, and the disease hierarchy is as described by Sahasajanaya Rajayakshma and Vega Sandarana. Janya Rajayakshma, Kshaya Janya Rajayakshma, and Vishamashana Janya Rajayakshma is one of the four categories involved in Nidana. In modern medicine, Rajyakshma may correlate with pulmonary tuberculosis. Though there is a difference in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and Rajyakshma, the clinical picture of both is quite similar.
Sharbat Zoofa Murakkab, A Promising Unani Formulation for Sual (Cough)
Authors: Najmus Sehar  , Mohammad Nafees Khan  , Faiyaz Ahmad
Published: September 2023

It has been described that Sual (cough) is the movement of lungs to remove or reduce the painful stress on the lungs). Cough is a physiologically useful protective reflex that clears the respiratory tract. It occurs due to stimulation of chemo receptors in throat, respiratory passages or stretch receptors in the lungs. According to Unani scholars, Sual (cough) is an act by which Tabiyat removes Aziyat (irritating substances) from the lungs, cough with mucus and sputum. It affects mainly quality of life, works productivity and public health resources etc. The drugs available in the modern medicine produce more or less side effects in the human body. The Unani classical formulation is traditionally used for the treatment of cough, early stages of asthma and useful in bronchial Asthma, phlegmatic cough. Expel phlegm from the chest. It is used to clear mucus from the chest and clear chest congestion. It is 100% natural and vegetarian product. No side effects of Sharbat Zoofa Murakkab mentioned and reported in Unani classical literature and a clinical study was conducted by the Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine under Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, more studies are required to validate the Pharmacopeial formulation on large scale.
Efficacy of Ayurvedic Formulations in Dyslipidemia (Medo Dusti)
Authors: Pramod Kapoor  , Shushma Upadhyay  , Shivani Shekhawat  , Bhawana Aggarwal
Published: September 2023

Obesity (Overweight) is the condition arises as consequence of various metabolic disorder in which dyslipidemia is one of them. Dyslipidemia is described by an increase in Total Cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TGA’s) concentration in the blood. In Ayurvedic classics it had been described as Medoroga in which excessive deposition of Meda Dhatu in body produces various symptoms. In the above case report patient comes with symptoms of Meda dusti and diagnosed on the basis of deranged lipid profile. The combination of Arogyavardhini vati, Navak guggul with Anupaan of Darvyadi Kwath was prescribed. After 34 days of drug intervention with scheduled diet plan there is a significant reduction in Triglycerides, Cholesterol and other parameters lies in the normal range, weight reduces (from 71kg to 68kg) within 30 days with BMI. The management of the disease results in formation of vitiated Kapha and meda dhatu through Dravya's of Lekhaniya Gana with Pathya sevan.
A Comprehensive Review Article on Sandhigatavata with Special Reference to Osteoarthritis
Authors: Balveer Singh  , Jitesh Bansal  , Ashok Kumar  , Narinder Singh  , P. Hemantha Kumar
Published: September 2023

The most common disease currently affecting a large population is Sandhivata. The term Sandhivata (considered as Osteoarthritis -OA in Ayurveda) is derived from two words Sandhi and Vata. Sandhi is considered as joint and Vata is one amongst the three Dosha namely Vata, Pitta and Kapha. Sandhivata affects most commonly the weight bearing joints, primarily the knee joint. Sandhivata is challenging to treat due to its chronicity, incurability, and complication. Treatment in contemporary health science (modern or allopathy) is aimed primarily to alleviating only symptoms temporarily and is accompanied by a variety of negative side effects, toxic effects, and unpleasant reactions. The aetiopathogenesis and symptomatology of Sandhivata are succinctly described in the Ayurvedic classics. One such chronic, inflammatory, and degenerative condition that significantly affects a person's quality of life is Janu Sandhivata, Which can be very well correlated with OA of the knee joint. Treatment approach in Ayurveda system of health care emphasis on Aahaara (diet)- Vihara (physical activities) as foremost measure in treating any disease followed with use of Samshmana, Samshodhana or Shalya karma. The current study focuses on a thorough analysis of Sandhivata with the aim of assessing and highlighting the effectiveness of various Ayurvedic treatments in patients with OA. An effort has been made to review numerous formulations mentioned in the Ayurvedic classics (like Kwatha, Guggulu Kalpana, Ghrita, Taila, Gutika, Rasa Aushadhi and Panchakarma procedures like, Abhyanaga, Swedana, Basti, Janubasti, Rasayana therapy, Agnikarma) pathological condition of Sandhivata, which may be helpful for clinicians and researchers for their clinical practice.
Mode of Action of Trikatu Ghrita Yukt Swarnabhasma in Pandu Roga (Anaemia)
Authors: Arti  , Agrawal Neeraj  , Chandravanshi Lowkesh  , Rathia Satyawati  , Bhatt Lalit Mohan  , Dushyant
Published: September 2023

Pandu roga, an ancient Ayurvedic term used to describe a specific disease, has been recognized and discussed by various Ayurvedic scholars. According to their teachings, Pandu roga is considered a type of Rasa pradoshaj vikara, with Pitta dosha playing a prominent role in its manifestation. The key characteristic of this disease is Panduthwa, or Pallor, which exhibits clinical features similar to modern-day Anaemia .A condition in modern medicine, involves a deficiency in red blood cells or hemoglobin percentage due to decreased production. It is often associated with poor nutrition and overall health. The problem is commonly observed in low birth weight infants, overweight children who lack energy for physical activity, school-going children, adolescents, and pregnant women. In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, there are various formulations suggested for managing Anaemia, one of which is Trikatu Ghrita Yukt Swarnabhasma. This herbal preparation contains Trikatu, a combination of three spices - Shunthi (Zingiber officinale), Marich (Piper nigrum), and Pippali (Piper longum). These spices are renowned for their digestive and metabolic properties. Additionally, Swarnabhasma, derived from gold, has been utilized in Ayurveda for its rejuvenating and tonic effect.
Coronary Artery Disease: Comprehensive Evaluation by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Tan RS , Chen KKW
Published: September 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging has emerged as an important non-invasive cardiac imaging modality. A versatile technique, it has the potential for comprehensive evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD): cardiac morphology and function, myocardial perfusion, myocardial viability, coronary artery visualisation and atherosclerotic plaque characterisation.
Tailoring the Field and Indication of Adjuvant Pelvic Radiation for Patients with FIGO Stage Ib Lymph Nodes-Negative Cervical Carcinoma Following Radical Surgery Based on the GOG Score – A Pilot Study
Authors: Rushdan MN , Tay EH , Khoo-Tan HS , Lee KM , Low JH , Ho TH , Yam KL
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The traditional indications for adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy (RT) for International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) stage Ib1 lymph nodes-negative cervix carcinoma following radical surgery based on histopathological factors, such as deep stromal invasion and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI), were often inconsistently applied. The perceived risk of relapse was subjectively determined. This pilot study attempts to determine if the treatment outcome will be affected when the indication for RT is based on the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) Risk Score (RS) and the field of adjuvant RT is tailored to the RS.

Materials and Methods: From 1997 to 1999, 55 patients with FIGO stage Ib1 lymph nodes-negative cervical carcinoma limited to the cervix were prescribed RT following radical surgery, based on their RS, as follows: RS <40, RT is omitted; RS >40 to <120, modified (smaller) field RT; and RS >120, standard field pelvic RT. Their incidence and site of recurrence were compared with a similar cohort of 40 patients who were treated prior to 1997.

Results: Prior to 1997, of the 40 patients, 10 patients were given standard field RT. There were 2 (5%) recurrent diseases. The mean duration of follow-up was 61.6 months (range, 1 to 103 months). The RS of 23 of the 30 patients who were not given RT were available. The mean RS was 22 with 5 patients having a score of >40. From 1997 onwards, of the 55 patients, 28 (51%) did not require RT, 13 (23%) were treated with modified (smaller) field RT and 14 (26%) were given standard field RT. There were 2 (3.6%) cases of relapse. The mean duration of follow-up was 36.4 months (range, 5 to 60 months). All patients with a RS of <40 did not suffer any relapse. Their survival outcomes were better when compared to patients who did not have any RT in the GOG Study.

Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that postoperative adjuvant RT given to patients with a high GOG RS of >120, significantly improved their 5-year recurrence rate and disease-free survival, as compared with the similar group of patients who were without adjuvant therapy in the GOG study. Patients with a GOG risk-score of <40 may be safely spared from adjuvant pelvic RT. The current treatment protocol did not compromise the outcome in patients, compared with the use of a less precise treatment protocol in the past.
Stonefish Envenomations of the Hand – A Local Marine Hazard: A Series of 8 Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Lee JYL , Teoh LC , Leo SPM
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The Singapore shoreline has changed significantly in recent years, but the stonefish (Synanceia sp.) continues to inhabit our native waters and human envenomation still occurs regularly. In this paper, we document their clinical course, review our management experience and propose a treatment algorithm.

Clinical Picture: Envenomation is associated with appreciable local morbidity, excruciating pain and gross oedema of the affected limb. Severe systemic morbidity and deaths have been reported in the literature but are very rare.

Treatment: Prompt first aid with immersion in hot water (45ºC) inactivates the venom. Supplementary analgesia, tetanus prophylaxis and broad-spectrum antibiotics are recommended. Specific antivenom is available and indicated for severe envenomations with systemic symptoms. Complicated puncture wounds and retained spines require surgical debridement.

Outcome: Eight cases of stonefish envenomations to the hand were treated over the last 1.25 years (October 2001 to January 2003). Length of hospital stay averaged 3.9 days. There were no deaths or significant systemic morbidity, but 1 case required surgical debridement for local necrosis. Complete resolution of swelling, with return to full function, occurred on average by 8.2 days.

Conclusions: Prompt recognition of envenomation, early first aid and hot water soaks result in rapid relief of pain and symptoms. Our local experience suggests that the majority of stonefish envenomations do not result in significant or protracted morbidity and require only supportive management. Systemic morbidity and mortalities are rare.
Pulmonary Hypereosinophilia
Authors: Khoo KL , Lim TK
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Eosinophilic lung diseases are a diverse group of pulmonary disorders linked by the common finding of increased eosinophilia in blood and/or tissue. They usually present to the clinician as pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia for which the differential diagnoses is fairly broad.

Clinical Picture: Three patients presented with subacute cough, pulmonary infiltrates and a markedly elevated eosinophil count >1.5 x 109/L. Each case exemplifies its clinical peculiarities and pearls and illustrates the diversity in this group of disorders.

Treatment: A common theme in the approach to its management is excluding infection before proceeding with therapy, often with steroids.

Outcome: There is often a dramatic response to steroid therapy with resolution of symptoms and chest radiographic findings.

Conclusion: The arbitrary label of “pulmonary hypereosinophilia” enables the differential diagnoses to be narrowed to the 4 main categories of infections with parasites or fungus, the Churg-Strauss syndrome, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.
Re: Evidence for an “epidemic” of myopia
Authors: Morgan IG , Rose KA , Smith W , Mitchell P
Published: September 2023

In the Annals January 2004 theme issue on Myopia, Park and Congdon have disputed the reality of the increases in prevalence of myopia in East Asia for several reasons. In particular, they criticise the 2 best documented sets of cohort data, from Taiwan and Singapore, on methodological grounds.
Contextos formativos nos cursos de ensino de ciências: mapeamento de teses de 2014 a 2022
Authors: Almeida Grasiany Sousa de , Alves Paula Trajano de Araújo , Valente Natália Parente de Lima , Silva Solonildo Almeida da , Silveira Jucá Sandro César
Published: September 2023

Considerando que a constituição de saberes necessários à formação docente relaciona-se diretamente ao contexto de formação dos professores, este trabalho constitui-se como um panorama atual do contexto de formação inicial de professores no âmbito dos cursos relacionados ao ensino de ciências. Assim, objetivou-se identificar os diferentes contextos dos cursos de formação docente inicial da referida área de ensino, partindo do seguinte questionamento: quais contextos formativos constituem a formação inicial de professores nos cursos de ensino de ciências? Em relação a metodologia, estamos diante de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa do tipo revisão narrativa da literatura. Os resultados observados estão relacionados especificamente com o currículo, estágios supervisionados, programas de formação inicial à docência e contexto de inserção do futuro profissional, as práticas pedagógicas dos docentes-formadores que potencializam a interdisciplinaridade e os conhecimentos epistemológicos que influenciam de modo indireto.
Fe de erratas
Authors: Congreso Argentino de Reumatología Comité Científico
Published: September 2023

Fe de erratas.
The Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and its Decoupling from Economic Growth under the Carbon Peak Target
Authors: Yuan Yongke , Guo Yun , Xiao Qian , Zhang Mengwan , Li Jialin , Chi Yuanying
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The Global Malmquist-Luenberger index was used to measure the energy efficiency of 11 provinces and regions in eastern China from 2010 to 2019, the Tapio decoupling model was constructed to analyze the decoupling relationship between economic growth and energy consumption and energy use efficiency, and the prediction results of the carbon peak time of each province in the existing literature were combined to put forward suggestions for the provinces that were not ideal for the decoupling. The results show that: (1) The total average energy efficiency of the 11 eastern regions of China during the period from 2010 to 2019 was 0.911, showing an overall upward trend, while the energy efficiency changes in each region were different; (2) The decoupling of economic growth, energy consumption and energy efficiency in Hebei and Hainan provinces was not ideal, and the decoupling in other regions was getting better; (3) There will be a large gap in the time of carbon peak in 11 regions in eastern China. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Liaoning will achieve carbon peak in 2030 and before; There will be no peaks in Hebei and Hainan regions, while the peaks in Shandong and Fujian appear after 2030.

JEL classification numbers: F06.
Keywords: Carbon peak, Eastern region, Energy efficiency, Tapio decoupling model, Directional distance function, Global Malmquist-Luenberger index (GML).
Análise dos retornos das despesas públicas na agricultura brasileira
Authors:   , Carvalho Gabriela Fernanda Silva
Published: September 2023

Esse trabalho busca mensurar a influência dos gastos públicos relacionados ao setor agrícola na produtividade agropecuária dos municípios brasileiros, no ano de 2017, incluindo a variável de gastos públicos municipais no modelo. Para tal objetivo, foi estimado uma função de produção do tipo Cobb Douglas pelo método dos momentos generalizado (GMM) com efeito fixo (variável de Unidades Federativas), visto que esta especificação permite diferenças entre cada unidade espacial na forma de um efeito fixo individual. Foram utilizados os dados: do Censo Agropecuário de 2017 para os insumos agrícolas; os dados do Finanças do Brasil (Finbra) para as despesas empenhadas dos municípios, do Banco Central em relação ao montante de crédito e por fim, foi utilizado dados do Terrestrial Hydrology Research Group (THRG) em relação as variáveis climáticas (temperatura e precipitação). Os principais resultados foram que as despesas tecnológicas, mão de obra, máquinas, montante de crédito e a parcela de extensão são significativas e apresentam influência positiva na produtividade da agropecuária e por fim, as despesas empenhadas dos munícipios com interação com a macrorregião apresentam influência positiva, porém apenas para uma das cinco macrorregiões: Nordeste. Apesar da região nordeste apresentar significância, nem todos os estados apresentaram significância, sendo que os estados significativos foram: Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba e Sergipe. Os resultados ressaltam que os gastos públicos são importantes na produtividade agrícola brasileira, porém existem indícios que se a comunicação entre Estado e o produtor rural fossem mais claras, bem como as regras dos programas de políticas públicas, os gastos seriam mais eficientes e teriam melhores resultados. Palavras-chave: Gastos públicos. Função da produção. Produtividade agrícola. Método dos Momentos Generalizados.
Modelagem de um gêmeo digital da extração florestal com forwarder
Authors:   , Sampaio Iara Silva
Published: September 2023

O forwarder é uma máquina autocarregável responsável pela extração da madeira recém-colhida que faz parte, junto ao harvester, do sistema cut-to-lenght da colheita florestal. Devido à sua importância e representatividade, o setor florestal apresenta crescente demanda por inovações. Os gêmeos digitais são potenciais ferramentas de gestão e otimização de processos e, através das simulações, assumem papel de extrema importância nesse contexto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi modelar um gêmeo digital da extração florestal com o forwarder através da simulação de eventos discretos. Também buscou-se definir e estratificar as variáveis relevantes para a construção do modelo, além de testá-lo e validá-lo. Os dados utilizados correspondem à extração florestal em uma empresa florestal localizada em Minas Gerais e foram coletados entre janeiro de 2022 e abril de 2023. O modelo foi desenvolvido através do software de simulação de eventos discretos Simul8 e envolveu a alocação de building blocks que representaram a atividade de extração no ambiente virtual. A estrutura do modelo de simulação é iniciada por três start points, cada um deles representando a madeira a ser extraída pelas máquinas estudadas. Foram adicionados três building blocks das paradas de abastecimento, manutenção e remoção. O modelo também conta com blocos de atividades de decisão, que foram incluídas para direcionar de maneira fiel as extrações para as atividades de manutenção e remoção. Ainda, foram adicionados e configurados três building blocks representantes das atividades de extração florestal e dez filas nas quais os insumos ficam aguardando algum tipo de processamento ou atividade. Após a estruturação de todos os blocos e do ajuste de todas as suas configurações, foi realizada simulação de 1 dia de duração. Foi realizada a validação do modelo de gêmeo digital através das técnicas de análise visual e comparação entre os resultados obtidos pela simulação e os dados reais obtidos da operação de extração. Do critério visual, entendeu-se que o modelo conseguiu representar de modo satisfatório a atividade de extração, associando as condições de campo às ferramentas disponíveis no software de simulação.Comparando-se os resultados obtidos pela simulação com os dados reais da atividade, o modelo também atendeu de maneira satisfatória as expectativas quanto à representação fiel da realidade, com índices de similaridade de 97,53% nos dados de entrada e 91,12% nos dados de saída. O modelo de simulação desenvolvido representa uma grande inovação quanto ao emprego das tecnologias 4.0 no setor florestal e pode ser considerado uma ferramenta eficaz de representação da realidade. Palavras-chave: Inteligência artificial. Colheita florestal. Simulação.
Ravinas e voçorocas: Bioengenharia e retardantes químicos como tecnologia de controle e tratamento
Authors:   , Lage Mayara Ribeiro
Published: September 2023

Atividades antrópicas causam uma pressão substancial sobre o meio ambiente, o que gera a procura por soluções ambientais rápidas. Dentre os diversos agentes de degradação do ambiente, podemos destacar os incêndios florestais e a ameaça aos solos por processos erosivos. Este trabalho foi composto por dois capítulos, com os seguintes objetivos: avaliar o processo de evolução das propriedades físico- químicas, indicadoras de controle e estabilização da erosão, em solos em processo de recuperação por dois anos; avaliar o comportamento do fogo em mantas de controle de erosão, sintéticas e de fibras naturais e o efeito de retardantes químicos de longo prazo sobre o comportamento do fogo; determinar o produto de maior eficiência para cada tipo de material. No primeiro estudo, os resultados evidenciaram que, após dois anos, a aplicação das técnicas adotadas na recuperação de ravinas e voçorocas presentes em Cambissolo e Latossolo promoveu aumento de SB, CTC, pH7 e MOS combinado, com redução dos teores de Al3+. No entanto, mudanças significativas nas propriedades físicas do solo em ravinas e voçorocas não foram observadas. No segundo capítulo, os resultados encontrados mostraram que as mantas Sintemax e Fibrax 400BF com composição de fibra de coco já apresentam, por si só, características retardantes de fogo e que as mantas Macmat3 e Biotextil 400TF não são recomendadas em áreas de alto risco de incêndio. Em relação à eficiência dos retardantes, a metodologia Índice de Eficiência Efetiva (IEE) indicou o uso de Phos-Chek. O Fertil Fire líquido foi mais indicado para as mantas. Palavras-chave: Química do solo. Física do solo. Fibras naturais. Fibras sintéticas. Índice de Eficiência Efetiva.
A Critique of the Legal Regimes for Constitutional Preambles
Authors: Emeka Prof. Ibe C , Peter Iyeh
Published: September 2023

Globally, constitutional preamble has now become the contemporary norm in most jurisdictions as the easiest way by which a constitution can express popular values. Most constitutional preambles have been couched to denote quintessential expression of national values which flows from the citizens themselves. Most often, preambles speaks in the name of a distinct people, whether real or fictional; who are the creators and subjects of the constitutional order. In some other situations, preambles depict autobiographical narratives, legitimation of specific local actions, historical moments and organization. This article exhaustively examines global influence of constitutional preambles. It has been found, amongst others, that since constitutional preamble offers an opportunity for expressing the distinctiveness of the nation and her citizens, it has often been rated than any other part of the constitution.
Study of the Effect of Some Muzzle Device Types on the Firing Force and Firing Impulse
Authors: Vo Van Bien , Nguyen Duy Phon , Nguyen Minh Phu
Published: September 2023

In this article, a mathematical model is used to determine the force and impulse of the weapon’s firing. The force and impulse of the weapon’s firing are determined during the whole firing process, which consists of two stages: the stage projectile moving inside the barrel and the stage at the final action stage of combustion gas. The input parameters of the UK-59 machine gun in the Czech Republic were selected to verify the mathematical model. The results of the article are the law of combustion gas pressure in the barrel, the law of combustion gas pressure in the gas chamber, and the law of force and impulse of the shot corresponding to different types of muzzle devices. This result is consistent with the experimental results presented in the document, and the error is less than 3%. Besides, the article also analyzes the influence of some muzzle device types on the firing force and firing impulse. The method of numerical integration has been applied to solve the problem using Matlab software. The research results of the article are a reliable theoretical basis for determining the firing forces, serving the problem of designing the mount as well as the firing stability of the weapon when firing. This is the basis for the optimal selection and design of the muzzle device used in the weapon.
 
Received: 14 July 2023 | Revised: 1 September 2023 | Accepted: 20 September 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
 
Author Contribution Statement
Bien Vo Van: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration; Phon Nguyen Duy: Software, Formal analysis, Resources, Writing - review & editing; Phu Nguyen Minh: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing.