bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Responses in a Sustainable Dry Turning Operation: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bhattacharya Shibaprasad , Protim Das Partha , Chatterjee Prasenjit , Chakraborty Shankar
Published: May 2021

In a turning operation, involving removal of material from the outer diameter of a rotating cylindrical workpiece using a single-point cutting tool, there exist complex relationships between various cutting parameters and responses. In this paper, a turning operation under dry environment is considered with cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut as the input parameters, as well as material removal rate, average surface roughness, and cutting force as the responses. Dry turning operation reduces energy consumption and machining cost, thus eventually resulting in sustainable machining. For the considered process, the corresponding response values are envisaged using four prediction models, that is, multivariate regression analysis, fuzzy logic, artificial neural network, and adaptive neurofuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and their prediction performance is contrasted using five statistical metrics, that is, root mean squared percent error, mean absolute percentage error, root mean squared log error, correlation coefficient, and root relative squared error. It is noticed that ANFIS model consisting of the advantages features of both fuzzy logic and neural network outperforms the other prediction models with respect to the computed values of the considered statistical measures. Based on their acceptable values, it can be propounded that the ANFIS model can be effectively employed for prediction of process responses while treating different machining parameters as the input variables.
Modelling and Simulation of Distributed UAV Swarm Cooperative Planning and Perception
Authors: Ling Haifeng , Luo Hongchuan , Chen Haisong , Bai Linyuan , Zhu Tao , Wang Yanjun
Published: May 2021

As an emerging topic, the swarm of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been attracting great attention. Due to the indeterminacy of sensors, distributed cooperative swarms have been considered to be efficient and robust but challenging to design and test. To facilitate the development of distributed swarms, it has been proposed to utilise a simulation platform for cooperative UAVs using imperfect perception. However, the existing simulation platforms cannot satisfy this demand due to a few reasons. First, they are designed for a specific purpose, and their functionalities are difficult to extend. Second, the existing platforms lack compatibility to be applied to different types of scenarios. Third, the modelling of these platforms is too simplified to simulate flight motion dynamic and noisy communication accurately, which may cause a difference in performance between the simulation and real-world application. To address the mentioned issues, this paper models the problem and proposes a simulation platform for distributed swarm cooperative perception, which addresses software engineering concerns and provides a set of extendable functionalities of a cooperative swarm, including communication, estimation, perception fusion, and path planning. The applicability of the proposed platform is verified by simulations with the real-world application. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system is viable.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Surgical Oncology in Europe: Results of a European Survey
Authors: Stöss Christian , Steffani Marcella , Pergolini Ilaria , Hartmann Daniel , Radenkovic Dejan , Novotny Alexander , Friess Helmut , Müller Michael W.
Published: May 2021

Background: The first COVID-19 pandemic wave hit most of the health-care systems worldwide. The present survey aimed to provide a European overview on the COVID-19 impact on surgical oncology. Methods: This anonymous online survey was accessible from April 24 to May 11, 2020, for surgeons (n = 298) who were contacted by the surgical society European Digestive Surgery. The survey was completed by 88 surgeons (29.2%) from 69 different departments. The responses per department were evaluated. Results: Of the departments, 88.4% (n = 61/69) reported a lower volume of patients in the outpatient clinic; 69.1% (n = 47/68) and 75.0% (n = 51/68) reported a reduction in hospital bed and the operating room capacity, respectively. As a result, the participants reported an average reduction of 29.3% for all types of oncological resections surveyed in this questionnaire. The strongest reduction was observed for oncological resections of hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) cancers. Of the interviewed surgeons, 68.7% (n = 46/67) agreed that survival outcomes will be negatively impacted by the pandemic. Conclusion: The first COVID-19 pandemic wave had a significant impact on surgical oncology in Europe. The surveyed surgeons expect an increase in the number of unresectable cancers as well as poorer survival outcomes due to cancellations of follow-ups and postponements of surgeries.
Effects of Spaceflight on Human Skin
Authors: Farkas Árpád , Farkas Gergő
Published: May 2021

During both short- and long-duration spaceflight, several health problems can occur, including those of the skin. Astronauts in space and after returning to earth experience erythematous, burning, itchy, dry, sensitive, and thinning skin. Other skin problems, such as infections, abrasions, lacerations, delayed wound healing, and accelerated skin aging, are also common. Human skin is an ecosystem composed of a wide range of habitats for bacteria, fungi, and viruses called microbiome, which not only show a strong skin site-specific preference but also serve as microbial fingerprints that are highly unique to individuals. These human skin-associated microorganisms make a substantial contribution to the microbial ecosystems that inhabit the closed environments in space. On the other hand, human skin microbiome is also subject to change during spaceflight, which may lead to skin infections or the flare up of skin diseases. This review highlights some of the interactions between the space environment and the skin.
Exploring Identity Disturbance and Psychotic Spectrum Symptoms as Predictors of Borderline and Schizotypal Personality Disorders
Authors: Meisner Maria W. , Lenzenweger Mark F. , Bach Bo , Vestergaard Martin , Petersen Lea S. , Haahr Ulrik H. , Kongerslev Mickey , Simonsen Erik
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) were introduced in DSM-III and retained in DSM-5 Section II. They often co-occur and some aspects of the clinical differentiation between the 2 diagnoses remain unclear (e.g., psychotic-like features and identity disturbance). Methods: The present study explored if self-reported identity disturbance and psychosis proneness could discriminate between the BPD and SPD DSM-5 diagnoses. All patients were interviewed with the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders, and administered the Inventory of Personality Organization, Self-Concept and Identity Measure, Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, Perceptual Aberration Scale, and the Magical Ideation Scale. Results: A total of 105 patients were initially assessed, 26 were excluded, and the final sample (N = 79) was composed of 34 BPD patients, 25 SPD patients, and 20 patients with co-occurring SPD and BPD. The BPD group (n = 34) was first compared with the pure SPD group (n = 25), and secondly with the total group of patients diagnosed with SPD (n = 25 + 20). Logistic regression analyses indicated that primitive defenses and disorganization best differentiated the BPD and the pure SPD group, while primitive defenses and interpersonal factor along with perceptual aberrations best differentiated the BPD and the total SPD group. Conclusion: Identity disturbance did not predict the diagnostic groups, but BPD patients were characterized by primitive defenses, which are closely related to identity disturbance. Pure SPD was characterized by oddness/eccentricity, while the lack of specificity for cognitive-perceptual symptoms suggests that the positive symptoms do not differentiate BPD from SPD.
Aerodynamics Analysis of the Impact of Nasal Surgery on Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Li Lifeng , Han Demin , Zang Hongrui , London Nyall R.
Published: May 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of nasal surgery on airflow characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by comparing the alterations of airflow characteristics within the nasal and palatopharyngeal cavities. Methods: Thirty patients with OSA and nasal obstruction who underwent nasal surgery were enrolled. A pre- and postoperative 3-dimensional model was constructed, and alterations of airflow characteristics were assessed using the method of computational fluid dynamics. The other subjective and objective clinical indices were also assessed. Results: By comparison with the preoperative value, all postoperative subjective symptoms statistically improved (p < 0.05), while the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) changed little (p = 0.492); the postoperative airflow velocity and pressure in both nasal and palatopharyngeal cavities, nasal and palatopharyngeal pressure differences, and total upper airway resistance statistically decreased (all p < 0.01). A significant difference was derived for correlation between the alteration of simulation metrics with subjective improvements (p < 0.05), except with the AHI (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Nasal surgery can decrease the total resistance of the upper airway and increase the nasal airflow volume and subjective sleep quality in patients with OSA and nasal obstruction. The altered airflow characteristics might contribute to the postoperative reduction of pharyngeal collapse in a subset of OSA patients.
A Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist Induces Skin and Hair Pigmentation in Patients with Monogenic Mutations in the Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway
Authors: Kanti Varvara , Puder Lia , Jahnke Irina , Krabusch Philipp Maximilian , Kottner Jan , Vogt Annika , Richter Claudia , Andruck Annette , Lechner Lara , Poitou Christine , Krude Heiko , Gottesdiener Keith , Clément Karine , Farooqi Ismaa Sadaf , Wiegand Susanna , Kühnen Peter , Blume-Peytavi Ulrike
Published: May 2021

Background and Objectives: Gene mutations within the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway lead to severe early-onset obesity. Recently, a phase 2 trial evaluated new pharmacological treatment options with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide in patients with mutations in the genes encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and leptin receptor (LEPR). During treatment with setmelanotide, changes in skin pigmentation were observed, probably due to off-target effects on the closely related melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Here, we describe in detail the findings of dermatological examinations and measurements of skin pigmentation during this treatment over time and discuss the impact of these changes on patient safety. Methods: In an investigator-initiated, phase 2, open-label pilot study, 2 patients with loss-of-function POMC gene mutations and 3 patients with loss-of-function variants in LEPR were treated with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide. Dermatological examination, dermoscopy, whole body photographic documentation, and spectrophotometric measurements were performed at screening visit and approximately every 3 months during the course of the study. Results: We report the results of a maximum treatment duration of 46 months. Skin pigmentation increased in all treated patients, as confirmed by spectrophotometry. During continuous treatment, the current results indicate that elevated tanning intensity levels may stabilize over time. Lips and nevi also darkened. In red-haired study participants, hair color changed to brown after initiation of setmelanotide treatment. Discussion: Setmelanotide treatment leads to skin tanning and occasionally hair color darkening in both POMC- and LEPR-deficient patients. No malignant skin changes were observed in the patients of this study. However, the results highlight the importance of regular skin examinations before and during MC4R agonist treatment.
From Heartbreak to Heart Disease: A Narrative Review on Depression as an Adjunct to Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Malik Jahanzeb , Sharif Khan Hamid , Younus Faizan , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) commonly have subclinical depression and are often delayed in their diagnosis. Literature suggests an increased association of depression and adverse cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction and heart failure. Prevalence of depression in developed countries is approximately 16.6%, and it confers higher cardiovascular mortality even after attrition bias and confounding factors are eliminated. Pharmacological and cognitive-behavioral therapy have been extensively studied, and are generally safe and effective in alleviating depressive symptoms in patients with CVD. However, their impact on cardiovascular outcomes is still unclear. Results of randomized controlled trials have shown antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, to be safe and effective for healing a “broken heart.” This review outlines the prevalence of depression in patients with CVD, the pathophysiological mechanism causing cardiovascular events with depression, and a link between depression and CVD. There is a wealth of literature explaining the precursor of CVD in depression, and like all chronic diseases, inflammation seems to be the culprit in this case as well.
Reduplicação no guineense
Authors: Mané Baticã Braima Ença , Imbatene João Eusébio , Bandeira Manuele , Freitas Shirley
Published: May 2021

Neste trabalho, analisamos como se dá o processo de reduplicação no guineense sincrônico, com vista a mostrar um dos processos morfológicos da língua em questão, insurgindo assim contra postulados que põem em causa a produtividade morfológica das línguas crioulas. Com base em Scantamburlo (1999, 2002) e em dados recolhidos com alguns falantes nativos, mostramos que a reduplicação é um processo presente no guineense moderno, exercendo tanto funções gramaticais quanto lexicais e é usada para formação de itens que veiculam novas informações. Constatamos, ainda, que as categorias verbais, nominais e adverbiais podem ser reduplicadas. As formas reduplicadas assumem diferentes funções, dentre as quais a função iterativa/repetitiva é a mais presente seguida pela intensificação. Ademais, no levantamento dos dados, a categoria mais reduplicada foi a verbal.
Fontes coloniais e escravidão: relações de trabalho e práticas culturais na América portuguesa
Authors: Pereira Norma Suely da Silva
Published: May 2021

O intenso tráfico negreiro transatlântico resultou no sequestro de cerca de 12,5 milhões de africanos, entre os séculos XVI e XIX, sendo os seus principais destinos na América portuguesa os portos do Rio de Janeiro, da Bahia e de Pernambuco. Por meio da análise de manuscritos, busca-se exercitar o papel político, social e histórico da Filologia, ciência primordial na construção da História, tomando como objeto de análise o registro, em documentos notariais, dos novos perfis sociais e profissionais construídos na diáspora africana, na Bahia colonial. Para tanto, estabelece-se um referencial teórico transdisciplinar que institui o diálogo entre a Filologia e outras ciências afins, a exemplo da Paleografia, ciência que orienta a leitura de manuscritos, da Diplomática, pelo auxílio que presta na análise dos formulários, da Sociologia dos textos, que observa os testemunhos pretéritos em seu contexto, da História cultural, para respaldar o estudo das práticas culturais e da Onomástica, que auxilia na compreensão dos perfis sociais do período. O estudo demonstra a importância do conhecimento do passado para a compreensão da realidade presente.
Revisitando a marca de plural na concordância de número: novos dados do português brasileiro e do francoprovençal antigos
Authors: Cohen Maria Antonieta Amarante de M. , Gomes Simone Fonseca
Published: May 2021

Resumo: Neste texto são apresentados e discutidos dados originais e fidedignos do português brasileiro do século XIX e do francoprovençal, contemporâneo e antigo, como uma contribuição para o encaixamento da questão da concordância de número no sintagma nominal português numa matriz românica. Esses dados registram a participação do -s de plural, típico das línguas românicas ocidentais, em processos de mudança linguística, a saber, supressão, sonorização e resegmentação e vêm completar informações para adequado enquadramento da questão. Ressalta-se a relevância das abreviaturas na análise linguística nos dados do século XIX. A utilização de dados originais e confiáveis reveste-se da maior importância para análises de sincronias linguísticas pretéritas.
Impact of Morbid Obesity and Obesity Phenotype on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: McInerney Angela , Tirado‐Conte Gabriela , Rodes‐Cabau Josep , Campelo‐Parada Francisco , Tafur Soto Jose D. , Barbanti Marco , Muñoz‐Garcia Erika , Arif Mobeena , Lopez Diego , Toggweiler Stefan , Veiga Gabriela , Pylko Anna , Sevilla Teresa , Compagnone Miriam , Regueiro Ander , Serra Viçent , Carnero Manuel , Oteo Juan F. , Rivero Fernando , Barbosa Ribeiro Henrique , Guimaraes Leonardo , Matta Anthony , Giraldo Echavarria Natalia , Valvo Roberto , Moccetti Federico , Muñoz‐Garcia Antonio J. , Lopez‐Pais Javier , Garcia del Blanco Bruno , Campanha Borges Diego Carter , Dumont Eric , Gonzalo Nieves , Criscione Enrico , Dabrowski Maciej , Alfonso Fernando , de la Torre Hernández Jose M , Cheema Asim N. , Amat‐Santos Ignacio J. , Saia Francesco , Escaned Javier , Nombela‐Franco Luis
Published: May 2021

Background

There is a paucity of outcome data on patients who are morbidly obese (MO) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. We aimed to determine their periprocedural and midterm outcomes and investigate the impact of obesity phenotype.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients who are MO (body mass index, ≥40 kg/m
2
, or ≥35 kg/m
2
with obesity‐related comorbidities; n=910) with severe aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement in 18 tertiary hospitals were compared with a nonobese cohort (body mass index, 18.5–29.9 kg/m
2
, n=2264). Propensity‐score matching resulted in 770 pairs. Pre–transcatheter aortic valve replacement computed tomography scans were centrally analyzed to assess adipose tissue distribution; epicardial, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat. Major vascular complications were more common (6.6% versus 4.3%;
P
=0.043) and device success was less frequent (84.4% versus 88.1%;
P
=0.038) in the MO group. Freedom from all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality were similar at 2 years (79.4 versus 80.6%,
P
=0.731; and 88.7 versus 87.4%,
P
=0.699; MO and nonobese, respectively). Multivariable analysis identified baseline glomerular filtration rate and nontransfemoral access as independent predictors of 2‐year mortality in the MO group. An adverse MO phenotype with an abdominal visceral adipose tissue:subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio ≥1 (VAT:SAT) was associated with increased 2‐year all‐cause (hazard ratio [HR], 3.06; 95% CI, 1.20–7.77;
P
=0.019) and cardiovascular (hazard ratio, 4.11; 95% CI, 1.06–15.90;
P
=0.041) mortality, and readmissions (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.07–3.07;
P
=0.027). After multivariable analysis, a (VAT:SAT) ratio ≥1 remained a strong predictor of 2‐year mortality (hazard ratio, 2.78;
P
=0.035).

Conclusions

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients who are MO has similar short‐ and midterm outcomes to nonobese patients, despite higher major vascular complications and lower device success. An abdominal VAT:SAT ratio ≥1 identifies an obesity phenotype at higher risk of adverse clinical outcomes.
Effect of Moderately but Persistently Elevated Lipid Levels on Risks of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Young Korean Adults
Authors: Park Jun‐Bean , Kim Da Hye , Lee Heesun , Lee Hyun‐Jung , Hwang In‐Chang , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Park Hyo Eun , Lee Seung‐Pyo , Choi Su‐Yeon , Kim Yong‐Jin , Cho Goo‐Yeong , Han Kyungdo , Kim Hyung‐Kwan
Published: May 2021

Background

Identifying predictive markers for future atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases may be helpful to motivate young adults to promote healthy lifestyle. We sought to determine the association between persistently elevated low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) and/or triglyceride levels and the atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risks in young adults.

Methods and Results

We conducted a nationwide population‐based cohort study of 1 887 853 statin‐naive adults aged 20 to 39 years, with LDL‐C <190 mg/dL, using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Persistently elevated LDL‐C and triglyceride levels were defined by ≥3 measurements of ≥160 and ≥175 mg/dL, respectively. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke and myocardial infarction. Among the study population, 11 121 (0.59%) and 167 373 (8.87%) had persistently elevated LDL‐C and triglycerides, respectively. During a median follow‐up of 5.2 years, 2170 and 1537 incidences of stroke (0.16%) and myocardial infarction (0.23%) occurred. Persistently elevated LDL‐C levels were significantly associated with increased risks of the primary outcome, with an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 1.396 (95% CI, 1.005–1.940). This association was independent of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Persistently elevated triglycerides were significantly associated with increased risks of the primary outcome (HR, 1.120; 95% CI, 1.015–1.236), but attenuated after adjustment for high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Conclusions

Persistently elevated LDL‐C and triglyceride levels were associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk in young Korean adults without severe hypercholesterolemia. These lipid abnormalities should be considered risk factors in young adults since their effects on lifetime atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk may become more pronounced over the life course.
The chimeric Onobrychis tenoreana (Fabaceae) and lectotypification of the names O. laconica and O. pentelica
Authors: DEL GUACCHIO EMANUELE , BERNARDO LILIANA , IAMONICO DUILIO
Published: May 2021

As part of ongoing studies on Fabaceae Lindl. (see e.g., Bernardo et al. 2019, Iberite et al. 2017, Iamonico et al. 2021), we here present a note about the names Onobrychis tenoreana Lacaita (1911: 276), O. laconica Orph. ex Boissier (1872–1873: 530) [= O. alba (Waldstein & Kitaibel 1803–1805: 111) Desvaux (1814: 83) subsp. pentelica (Haussknecht 1887: 71) Nyman (1889: 99)], and O. pentelica. The research is based on both analysis of the relevant literature and examination of specimens at BM, FI, JE, MPU, and P (Thiers 2021 onwards).
Eunotia Ehrenberg (Eunotiaceae, Bacillariophyta) in a subtropical floodplain: a new species and taxonomic contributions
Authors: RUWER DAIANE TREVISAN , BLANCO SAÚL , RODRIGUES LILIANA
Published: May 2021

The Upper Paraná River floodplain is one of the few remaining non-dammed stretches in Brazil. It has a typical fluvial dynamics represented by the flood pulse and a highly complex habitat, which allows the existence and maintenance of a great biodiversity, including diatom species. As it happens in tropical lowland environments, also in this floodplain, the genus Eunotia is one of the most diverse and abundant diatom groups. Therefore, this study addresses morphologic and morphometric details of a new species and the most abundant Eunotia species in sediment cores from two wetland lakes. The morphological characteristics from each species were obtained through microscopy documentation of cell walls, and compared with other related species.
Distribution and ecology of dictyostelids in Madagascar
Authors: CAVENDER JAMES C. , LANDOLT JOHN C. , VADELL EDUARDO M. , PERRIGO ALLISON L. , STEPHENSON STEVEN L. , WRIGLEY DE BASANTA DIANA , LADO CARLOS , LIU PU
Published: May 2021

Samples for isolation of dictyostelid cellular slime molds were obtained from 20 collecting sites at 18 localities in south central and southeastern Madagascar during May 2009. At least thirty species of dictyostelids representing seven genera were recovered from 52 samples of soil/humus. This total included 17 species described as new to science, 13 species already known from various localities throughout the world, and four isolates that remain unidentified. Fourteen of the new species isolated from these samples are members of the whorl-branched, light-spored genus Heterostelium (formerly Polysphondylium). The overall level of species richness of dictyostelids in Madagascar is greater than what is known for all of mainland Africa sampled to date. Levels of biodiversity in Madagascar were higher for mesic than for xeric vegetation types, and each of the newly described species of Heterostelium appeared to have a limited distribution among the localities sampled.
Taxonomy and the unusual morphological similarity among Hypocerides Schmitz species (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: AMENT DANILO CÉSAR
Published: May 2021

Hypocerides Schmitz comprises seven species of considerable morphological similarity according to authors that described or reviewed material from the genus. This lack of variation is problematic for its taxonomy as little is known about which structures could be evidence for species recognition or even about which sex is the most informative to its species-level taxonomy. In this study, I examined males and females of the genus from the Neotropical, Nearctic, and Palearctic Regions in search of informative morphological characters for the genus taxonomy. The examination included types of five of the seven known species and new material from the Neotropical Region and Madagascar. I present a detailed description of the genus, illustrate some of its structures for the first time, and compare the morphology of the specimens examined. Few morphological differences were found but none was considered sufficient to infer species limits. This morphological uniformity among species from different biogeographic regions can be seen as evidence that they could all be one species with an almost worldwide distribution. The low morphological variation among Hypocerides species and their apparent wide distributions remain interesting biological questions.
New Protosmylinae (Neuroptera: Osmylidae) from the early Eocene of western North America, with taxonomic remarks
Authors: MAKARKIN VLADIMIR N. , ARCHIBALD S. BRUCE , MATHEWES ROLF W.
Published: May 2021

The osmylid subfamily Protosmylinae is revised based on our emended diagnosis: Petrushevskia Martynova, 1958 and Mesosmylidus Jepson et al., 2012 are excluded (both considered Osmylidae incertae sedis), and Sogjuta Martynova, 1958 is transferred to it from the Mesosmylininae. The late Eocene genus Protosmylus Krüger, 1913 is considered a junior synonym of Osmylidia Cockerell, 1908 based on a distinct apomorphy (deeply forked MA in the hind wing), syn. nov. Three new species of Osmylidia from the early Eocene of North America are described: O. donnae sp. nov. from Quilchena, O. glastrai sp. nov. from Republic, Washington, USA, and an unnamed species of Osmylidia is reported from Driftwood Canyon Provincial Park, British Columbia (all localities of the Okanagan Highlands series), and O. taliae sp. nov. from the Green River Formation of Colorado, USA.
Is Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Reliable After Recent Oncoplastic Breast Reduction?
Authors: Martin Tasha A. , Choudhry Salman , Holton Luther H. , Tafra Lorraine , Jackson Rubie Sue
Published: May 2021

An oncoplastic breast reduction may disrupt normal lymphatic drainage and make subsequent identification of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) unreliable. There are little data on the success rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) after recent oncoplastic breast reduction, and there is no agreement on whether SLNB should be done at the time of the partial mastectomy and reduction for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The primary goals of this study were to evaluate the identification rate of SLNB after recent oncoplastic or functional breast reduction and to examine recurrence rates in this setting. Results reveal SLNB is feasible in this setting. At least one SLN was found in all patients, and there were no recurrences with an average follow-up of 34 months.
Pembrolizumab Induced Acute Persistent Airway Disease in a Patient with Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP)
Authors: Marcus Kathryn , Lee Daniel J. , Wilson Jeffrey S. , Smith Richard J. H. , Puricelli Michael
Published: May 2021

Objective:

To present an uncommon but serious, recently identified complication of checkpoint inhibitor therapy in a patient treated with pembrolizumab infusion for disseminated recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Methods:

Case report.

Results:

A 43-year-old woman with underlying asthma developed acute hypoxic respiratory failure within 24 hours of her third infusion of pembrolizumab for treatment of intractable, disseminated recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Pulmonary function testing revealed a severe intra-thoracic obstructive ventilatory defect. Discontinuation of pembrolizumab, ventilatory support, and treatment with systemic and inhaled corticosteroids resulted in resolution of respiratory failure; however, her underlying asthma remains poorly controlled.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, this case is the first report of pembrolizumab-induced obstructive respiratory failure in a patient being treated for RRP.
Neither timeless, nor placeless: Control of food delivery gig work via place-based working time regimes
Authors: Heiland Heiner
Published: May 2021

Working time regimes in platform labour are so far either ignored as a topic in research on gig work, or they are framed as an allocative instrument only. This article argues that working time regimes instead have both a coordinating and controlling effect. Adopting the analytical framework of labour process theory, the article hence focuses on the interrelation of working time and control regimes. The empirical material presented stems from research on platform-based food courier work in Germany and is based on a mixed methods research design consisting of interviews, multi-sited ethnography and a survey. The findings show that platforms implement hybrid control regimes that are not only based on the sufficiently analysed algorithmic management, but also on complementary control through working time regimes: temporal control. Platforms organise intra-platform markets where workers compete for shifts by means of performance. Thus, platforms are able to ensure an efficient and simultaneously reliable use of an autonomous and spatially distributed workforce. Furthermore, it is shown that platform labour is not placeless, either. The effects of its control regime vary according to different local conditions. As a result, platforms cannot be analysed only as techno-cultural ecosystems, but also as local-specific socio-economic structures.
Comparing Syntactic Complexity: Research Papers Written by Undergraduate Researchers and Published Research Papers
Authors: Zeng Xiaofang
Published: May 2021

This study compared syntactic complexity between undergraduate students’ research papers and published research papers. A 2 (Groups: experts, students) × 4 (Sections: introduction, methods, results, discussions) mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on each of the following variables: T-unit length, clause density, the frequencies of adverbial clauses, relative clauses, and nominal clauses. The analyses showed there were longer T-units and fewer adverbial clauses in the published papers than in the student papers. Section effects were robust. Qualitative analyses were further conducted to reveal how the student research paper is different from the published papers syntactically. Implications for education were discussed.
“Public Health Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece and Associated Factors: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Survey”
Authors: Souliotis Kyriakos , Giannouchos Theodoros V. , Peppou Lily E. , Samara Myrto T. , Nimatoudis John , Papageorgiou Charalambos , Economou Marina
Published: May 2021

The objective of this cross-sectional survey was to estimate the association between multiple socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, COVID-19 related attitudes and adoption of public health preventive behaviors. A national cross-sectional survey among 1205 adults was conducted in April 2020 in Greece. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between COVID-19 related attitudes and knowledge and adoption of preventive behaviors, controlling for socioeconomic and health-related characteristics. A total of 923 individuals fully completed the survey. Individuals who believed that the virus is out of control, is transmitted through the air, and is not similar to the common flu were more likely to adopt public health preventive behaviors more frequently, particularly wearing masks in public spaces, washing their hands, and spending fewer hours out of their homes. Uncertainty about the virus symptomatology was associated with less frequent mask-wearing and handwashing. Increased social support, frequent media use for COVID-19 updates, trust to authorities, older age, worse health status, female gender and being a healthcare professional were also associated with uptake of some preventive health behaviors. Attitudinal and socioeconomic determinants critically affect public engagement in preventive behaviors. Health policy initiatives should focus on community outreach approaches to raise awareness and to strengthen social support mechanisms by integrating multiple stakeholders.
Family and communism in Maria Leitner’s Mädchen mit drei Namen and Hermynia Zur Mühlen’s Lina: Erzählung aus dem Leben eines Dienstmädchens
Authors: Calvert Katherine E.
Published: May 2021

This article analyses the portrayal of the impact of capitalism on the working-class family and the promotion of the communist movement as a form of surrogate family in Maria Leitner’s Mädchen mit drei Namen (1932) and Hermynia Zur Mühlen’s Lina: Erzählung aus dem Leben eines Dienstmädchens (1924). Reading these two Weimar-era texts as works of Gebrauchsliteratur, which seek to promote communism to a young female readership, I argue that, despite urging greater female participation in the male-dominated sphere of left-wing political action, Leitner and Zur Mühlen rely on normative ideas about gender to advocate political engagement to a demographic assumed to be politically naïve or disinterested. With reference to Weimar-era cultural discourses and strategies of the communist movement, I contest that both novellas are contradictory in their claim to represent a radically progressive political position while simultaneously failing to challenge fundamentally conservative gender norms.
Orienting to Otherness: Intellectual Humility, Moral Foundations, and Mature Alterity Outcomes
Authors: Paine David R. , Sandage Steven J. , Hook Joshua N. , Davis Don E. , Johnson Kathryn A.
Published: May 2021

Scholars and practitioners have increasingly called for the development of social justice commitment, intercultural competence, and appreciation of diversity among ministers and helping professionals. In religious contexts, individual factors may contribute to differences in the degree to which spiritual leaders emphasize intercultural and social justice initiatives. Personality factors, such as virtues and specific moral commitments, predict the degree to which people report positive attitudes and demonstrate mature alterity. In this study, we explored the degree to which intellectual humility predicted mature alterity outcomes after controlling for the effects of five moral foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, purity) in a sample of Christian seminary students in the United States. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed for ministry and the helping professions.
The Sequence of Isomorphism—: The Temporal Diffusion Patterns of Quality Management in Higher Education Institutions and Hospitals
Authors: Seyfried Markus , Döring Matthias , Ansmann Moritz
Published: May 2021

Isomorphism has been widely used to describe why trends penetrate entire organizational fields. However, research so far has neglected the temporal aspects of such diffusion processes and the organizational reasons underlying the introduction of new management tools. We argue that during reform waves, the reasons for adopting the new tools differ over time. Using comparative data from two surveys on quality management in the field of higher education and the health sector, we show that early adopters are more likely to be motivated by instrumental reasons, while late adopters will more likely be motivated by institutional reasons.
Self-tuning fuzzy nonsingular proportional-integral-derivative type fast terminal sliding mode control for robotic manipulator in the presence of backlash hysteresis
Authors: Anjum Zeeshan , Zhou Hui , Guo Yu
Published: May 2021

The external disturbances and backlash hysteresis kind of nonlinearity present in the manipulator system can greatly affect the tracking performance of the system. In order to undo the effects of these external disturbances and backlash hysteresis, a robust controller is established based on the integration of self-tuning fuzzy nonsingular proportional-integral-derivative (PID) type fast terminal sliding mode control and time delay estimation (TDE). In this paper, TDE plays the part of estimating the unknown dynamics of the robotic manipulator and nonsingular PID type fast terminal sliding mode control in which the gains of PID are tuned using fuzzy logic system to get multiple beneficial characteristics, such as lower steady-state error, finite-time convergence and little chattering. In addition, the derivative of unknown dynamics that is considered to be bounded is dealt by utilizing the adaptive technique. Moreover, Lyapunov theorem is used to study the overall stability of the system. Finally, a comparative study in terms of trajectory tracking has been carried out between the proposed controller and other existing advanced control approaches using PUMA560 robot in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller in the presence of external disturbances and bacsklash hysteresis.
Fixed-time adaptive fuzzy control for a class of non-strict-feedback uncertain non-linear systems
Authors: Yao Qijia
Published: May 2021

This paper addresses the fixed-time adaptive fuzzy control problem for a class of uncertain non-linear systems in non-strict-feedback form. A novel fixed-time adaptive fuzzy backstepping control (BC) scheme is proposed by integrating the fuzzy logic systems and fixed-time control technique into each step of the BC design. Rigorous theoretical analysis for the practical fixed-time stability of the resulting closed-loop system is provided. The proposed controller can guarantee that the tracking errors of the considered systems converge to the small regions about the origin in fixed time with a relatively simple structure. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are only really limited existing controllers that can achieve such excellent performance under the same conditions. Finally, two simulation examples illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control scheme.
Butterfly Cartilage Tympanoplasty as an Alternative to Conventional Surgery for Tympanic Membrane Perforations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huang Juntao , Teh Bing Mei , Shen Yi
Published: May 2021

Objective:

To compare the effectiveness of butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty (BCT) with that of conventional surgical approaches in the treatment of tympanic membrane perforations.

Methods:

A systematic search was performed by screening the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to October 31, 2020. Two coauthors independently identified studies in accordance with the selection criteria. Data were pooled and analyzed via Review Manager version 5.3 and Stata version 12.0 software. The postoperative outcomes were measured and expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs). Additionally, heterogeneity was assessed through the I2 statistic.

Results:

A total of 15 articles were eligible for final inclusion. The OR values for the graft uptake rate, compared to conventional tympanoplasty, were 1.12 (95%CI: 0.56-2.22, I2 = 52%, P = .75) and 1.22 (95%CI: 0.58-2.59, I2 = 0%, P = .60), and the OR compared to fat plug myringoplasty was 3.02 (95%CI: 1.04-8.77, I2 = 0%, P = .04). The qualitative analysis of the hearing results reflected significant postoperative auditory gains with no significant differences between the BCT and control groups, indicating satisfactory and similar postoperative hearing improvement. Moreover, the operation time was shortened (SMD = −2.19, 95%CI: −2.79 to −1.59, I2 = 82%, P < .05), and the postoperative pain was less with the BCT approach.

Conclusion:

Butterfly cartilage tympanoplasty has satisfactory efficacy in terms of anatomical and functional results in small to medium perforations. It reduces operation time and postoperative pain. However, the effectiveness on large perforation requires further assessment by well-designed studies.
A Clinical Study of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Combined With Autologous High-Density Fat Transplantation in Augmentation Rhinoplasty
Authors: Yan Dan , Li Shuai-Hua , Zhang An-Li , Xiao Yao , Huang Ze-Chun
Published: May 2021

Objective:

This study was designed to analyze the clinical effect of autologous fat-granule transplantation in augmentation rhinoplasty and explore methods to improve the fat retention rate.

Methods:

A total of 70 enrolled patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) combined with high-density fat transplantation group (combined group) and the conventional fat-granule transplantation group (control group; n = 35 in each group). In the combined group, an appropriate amount of autologous fat was extracted and centrifuged, and the lower layer of high-density fat was taken and mixed with PRF isolated from whole blood for autotransplantation. In the control group, only fat was extracted and centrifuged for transplantation. The patients were followed up with for more than one year to observe the short- and long-term effects, complications, safety, and patient satisfaction.

Results:

Six months after the operation, the nasal shape was stable, the contour was higher and more stereoscopic than before, the average increase of nasal height was 3.0 mm in the combined group and 2.0 mm in the control group. No complications, such as fat embolism, infection, or necrosis occurred during the 1-year follow-up. The satisfaction rate between the 2 groups has statistical significance ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

Overall, PRF combined with autologous high-density fat transplantation is simple to perform, has a significantly increased fat-retention rate than the control group, and has stable long-term effects without obvious adverse reactions. A sufficient amount of fat and PRF transplantation can achieve a good orthopedic effect. Thus, this method can be widely used in clinical augmentation rhinoplasty.
Rate of Submandibular Gland Atrophy Secondary to Chronic Sialolithiasis
Authors: Krishnapura Shreyas G. , Tomblinson Courtney M. , Topf Michael C.
Published: May 2021

The rate of salivary gland atrophy secondary to chronic obstructive sialolithiasis has not been well-documented. The combination of 5 imaging studies over 12 years in a patient with repeat imaging for an unrelated pathology provides a unique opportunity to assess glandular atrophy over time. We hope that this case will support previous literature with an in vivo representation of the rate of glandular atrophy.
#MeToo and testimonial injustice: An investigation of moral and conceptual knowledge
Authors: Hänel Hilkje C
Published: May 2021

Two decades ago, Tarana Burke started using the phrase ‘me too’ to release victims of sexual abuse and rape from their shame and to empower girls from minority communities. In 2017, actress Alyssa Milano made the hashtag #MeToo go viral. This article’s concern is with the role of testimonial practices in the context of sexual violence. While many feminists have claimed that the word of those who claim to being sexually violated by others (should) have political and/or epistemic priority, others have failed to recognize the harm and injury of instances of sexual violence that are not yet acknowledged as such and failed to listen to victims from marginalized social groups. In fact, some feminists have attacked #MeToo for mingling accounts of ‘proper’ sexual violence and accounts that are not ‘proper’ experiences of sexual violence. My aim in this article is to show why this critique is problematic and find a philosophically fruitful way to understand the #MeToo-movement as a movement that strives for moral and conceptual progress.
The author and the piano student: The transferability of the creative process in practice
Authors: Ann Stolz Barbara
Published: May 2021

Sustaining a career in music by pursuing multiple paths, usually performing and teaching, is neither new nor unusual. In this article, I consider another option—the musician-writer—to demonstrate how the process used to create in one’s primary field or career path may be transferrable to the pursuit of new endeavors. Analyzing and comparing the process of writing my book about piano teachers and studying the fourth movement of the Schubert Sonata in A Major, using a framework extrapolated from my experiences as a writer and piano student, reveals similarities between these seemingly different endeavors. Written prior to the pandemic, the message of transferability is even more important now, given the immediate and long-term challenges to performing and teaching music, which demand alternative approaches (e.g., podcasts and music lessons via Zoom). Exploring the questions raised in this article should assist a performer, teacher, or student to identify their personal creative process and facilitate its conscious, deliberate, and systematic transfer to other endeavors and fields to sustain a career in music.
Hold my hand: Associations between minority stress, commitment, and PDA for same-gender couples
Authors: Hocker Lauren , Kline Kai , Totenhagen Casey J. , Randall Ashley K.
Published: May 2021

For those who are in a same-gender relationship, there is likely a negative association between experiences of minority stress and willingness to engage in public displays of affection (PDA). One’s willingness to engage in PDA when experiencing sexual minority stress may, however, depend on perceived relationship commitment with one’s partner; wherein people who are more committed may be more willing to engage in PDA. Data from 95 same-gender couples were used to examine the association between minority stress and PDA behaviors, and possible moderating effects of relationship commitment. Results showed minority stress was negatively associated with PDA behaviors for those who reported low commitment, but not high commitment. Implications and future directions are presented.