bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourism planning and development: The case of Portugal’s Norte region
Authors:   Polytechnic of Porto (P.Porto), Lopes Ana Paula , Soares Filomena ,   Polytechnic of Porto (P.Porto)
Published: January 2018

Tourism has been gaining increasing importance in the global economy, in general, and, more specifically, in Europe, Portugal, and smaller areas such as Portugal’s Norte region. The north of Portugal has a rich cultural, historical and architectural landscape heritage, including some pearls that the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation has classified over the years as World Heritage Sites. With its wide-ranging impact on economic growth, employment and social development, tourism can be a powerful tool with which to shape the Portuguese economy, contributing to the country’s competitiveness, richness and cohesion. Therefore, the government and tourism stakeholders have recently made a stronger commitment to developing this sector.

The goal of this study was to analyse tourism policies’ contributions to the development of tourism sector in northernmost region of Portugal, included in the National Strategic Plan for Tourism (PENT) and in the Regional North Tourism Agenda (ART). This study sought to achieve these objectives by focusing on two main aspects. First, it examined the characteristics of the sector, identifying the tourism products in Norte region. Second, this research analysed the overall picture of the sector’s development between 2004 and 2014, for that we made a descriptive analysis of the main tourism indicators based on data collected from several sources, namely the Instituto Nacional de Estatística (National Statistics Institute) (INE), PENT, the Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Norte (Northern Portugal Regional Coordination and Development Commission), Turismo de Portugal (Tourism of Portugal) and Turismo do Porto e Norte de Portugal (Tourism of Oporto and Northern Portugal). The results reveal that investment in tourism in the Norte region has included offering eight primary tourism products and differentiators in four tourism subregions (i.e. Oporto Metropolitan Area, Alto Minho, Douro and Terras de Trás-os-Montes). Comparing the forecast values in terms of overnight stays, tourists and revenue set by PENT, the reality showed that the results were a little bit far from the expected; however the findings confirm the common perception that Portugal’s Norte region is still experiencing a trend towards growth as a tourist destination.
Geriatric presentation to the emergency department-spectrum of illness and co-relation with social factors
Authors: Hanumanthaiah Ramesh Gorghatta , Farhath Sheerin , Prasanna Bangalore Krishnappa Panchakshari , P. Dheemantha , Ranganath T. S.
Published: January 2018

Background: Increase in the elderly population presenting to Emergency Department is a prime concern as it has maximum implications on the delivery of health care. Older patients account for 12%-24% of all ED patients worldwide. A need for this study is to understand and analyze the current and future of Emergency department (ED) and examines the presentation of geriatric patient to emergency department in our institute in an urban setup of the fastest growing population segment in the city.Methods: An observational study over a period of one year from 2015 to 2016. All patients aged 60 years and above, visiting the Emergency Medicine. The following data were obtained. (I) Demographics, (II) Urban and Rural population (III) Presence of co-morbidities, (IV) Common conditions (V) Clinical symptoms and Diagnoses, Socio-demographic data collected directly from patient or immediate caregiver.Results: Total No of patients included during the study were 5489. Data was assessed male patient, predominance was found with 61%, 39% female. The urban population 74.8% was more predominant. Rural being at 25.2%, 1620 (29.2%) poisoning cases,1322 (24.1%) trauma cases,318 (5.8%) cancer cases, 247(4.5%) COPD cases and 230 (4.2%) stroke cases were encountered. Male72.58%, females 27.42%. CCU 58.5% male, 41.55% females. ICU 55.21% males and 44.79 % females. The average time was 3.75 to 4.25.Conclusions: Road Traffic accidents and poisoning together contributed to many cases. Observation was inadequate training amongst ED doctors and nurses in assessing and managing Trauma patients who lack ATLS protocols in stabilizing geriatric emergencies. Hence ED staff should be well trained to facilitate management of an ageing patients. Hazmat bay should be well organized with specific antidotes to the commonly available poisons. Atypically presentation was common in ED. Considerable overlapping of symptoms were commonly encountered in patients presenting to Emergency department.
The Political Rediscovery of the Dutch Revolt in the Seventeenth-Century Habsburg Netherlands
Authors: Van der Steen Jasper
Published: January 2018

Historiography of the Dutch Revolt has traditionally emphasised that it was painful and inopportune for seventeenth-century people in formerly rebellious South Netherlandish provinces to use memories of the rebellion in support of political arguments. More recently, scholars have turned this idea on its head by stressing the importance of memories of the Revolt in legitimating dynastic power as well as denigrating enemies around 1600. References to the conflict were often euphemistic, implicit and devoid of detailed discussions of events. Later in the seventeenth century, however, Southern propagandists publically deployed explicit references to the Revolt in political discussions. Asking how and why this shift occurred, this article shows that the (international) political context strongly influenced cultural memory politics in the Habsburg Netherlands. Count Henry van den Bergh's political use of war memories in opposition to the Habsburg overlord in 1632 prompted a reaction in kind from government officials, who deployed public references to the sixteenth-century rebellion more explicitly than ever before and thereby set a new standard for using historical narratives about the Revolt in support of the regime. Indeed, the politicisation of the Revolt in 1632 enabled political commentators during renewed Franco-Dutch military threats in 1635 and the War of Devolution in 1667-1668 to refer to the Revolt not as a painful memory but as a positive argument in favour of Habsburg rule.
Mythes et modernité dans Madame Bâ d'Érik Orsenna
Authors: Faye Elhadji Souleymane
Published: January 2018

Questionner la modernité, aujourd’hui dans le contexte tragique des migrations entre l’Afrique et l’Europe, soulève la problématique fondamentale du voyage en général articulée à la construction d’une humanité. Madame Bâ, l’héroïne d’un roman éponyme Madame Bâ et de Mali Ô Mali, réussit le tour de force herculéen de se frotter crânement aux réductionnismes identitaires et déshumanisants de la modernité occidentale, de se défaire des liens inextricables de la tradition africaine souvent étouffante. Derrière l’écume de ces combats solitaires pointe la question centrale d’un humanisme qui, sommé de (sur)vivre fait travailler en lame de fond la substance des mythes. Questioning modernity, nowadays in the tragic context of migration between Africa and Europe, raises the fundamental problem of travel in general articulated to the construction of a humanity. Madame Bâ, the heroine of the same name, Madame Bâ and Mali Ô Mali, two novels by French writer Érik Orsenna, succeeds in the Herculean tour de force of bravely rubbing against the identity and dehumanizing reductionism of Western modernity, of getting rid of the inextricable and often stifling links of the African tradition. Behind the foam of these solitary struggles is the central question of a humanism which, summoned to live on, makes the substance of myths work in the background.
Influence of Access to Credit on the Financial Performance of Youth-Owned Enterprises in Kirinyaga County in Kenya
Authors: Runyora Jackson Maina ,   School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Karatina University, Karatina, Kenya.
Published: January 2018

Youth-development funds play a great role in availing resources to the youth so that they can start their own enterprises with an aim of being self-reliant. The government of Kenya through the youth enterprise fund finances viable youth enterprises in the country. Despite the effort made by the government in the provision of funds, the youth-owned enterprises continue to perform poorly. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of access to Youth Enterprise Development Funds on the financial performance of youth-owned enterprises in Kirinyaga County. The specific objectives are to determine how the type of enterprise, ease of accessing funds, credit offered, and interest rate relates to the profitability of youth-initiated enterprises. The significance of the study is to generate knowledge and information on the influence of youth enterprise development, assist the policy makers, and program implementers, which is useful to students in this field of business as the findings will form bankable empirical literature. This study is based on permanent income theory. The target population was 525, and a sample of 225 was chosen using a stratified sampling method to achieve a representative sample from the chosen geographical areas of the study. Data were analyzed on the SPSS software for both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed a p-value of 0.0232 for the type of enterprises, 0.0243 for the ease of accessing funds, 0.0214 for the credit offered, and 0.0244 for the interest rate. This showed that the relationship between the dependent and independent variables was significant. The presentation was undertaken using frequency tables and charts. The recommendations are that there is a need for enhancement of access to credit to youth-owned enterprises so that they can become more profitable.
Role of selected MGMT polymorphisms in cancer development
Authors: Kiczmer Paweł , Szydło Błażej , Strzelczyk Joanna , Gołąbek Karolina , Ostrowska Zofia
Published: January 2018

Materiał genetyczny komórki jest nieustannie narażony na działanie czynników mutagennych. Odpowiednie mechanizmy chroniące przed szkodliwym wpływem mutagenów są niezwykle ważne dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania oraz kontroli proliferacji komórek. Jednym z mechanizmów naprawczych jest działanie enzymu MGMT, który odpowiada za ochronę DNA komórki przed czynnikami alkilującymi. Różnice w aktywności enzymu, wynikające z występowania wielu odmian polimorficznych jego genu, mogą prowadzić niekiedy do zwiększonego ryzyka zachorowania na nowotwory.
Tematem pracy jest omówienie roli niektórych polimorfizmów genu MGMT w rozwoju oraz terapii chorób nowotworowych.
Urodynamic findings in squamous metaplasia of bladder mucosa and cystitis cystica in children
Authors: Piechuta Leszek , Kalicka Karolina , Sikora Przemysław
Published: January 2018

Wstęp

Integralnym elementem przewlekłych zapaleń pęcherza, obok nawrotów zakażeń dróg moczowych, są zaburzenia funkcji pęcherza i cewki moczowej. Autorzy podjęli próbę odpowiedzi, czy badania urodynamiczne mogą pomóc w decyzji o konieczności wykonania cystoskopii w celu wykluczenia metaplazji płaskonabłonkowej (MPN) lub cystitis cystica (CC).

Materiał i metody

Retrospektywnej ocenie poddano wyniki badań urodynamicznych 12 dziewcząt, które na podstawie przebiegu klinicznego choroby oraz wykonanych badań skierowano na badanie cystoskopowe i rozpoznano MPN lub CC.

Wyniki

W grupie 12 dziewcząt MPN rozpoznano u 1, współistnienie MPN i CC u 3, CC bez MPN u 6, a niecharakterystyczny obraz z przekrwieniem śluzówki trójkąta pęcherza u 2 z nich. Obraz badań urodynamicznych był różnorodny. Wśród pacjentek z MPN, w początkowym okresie obserwacji, badania urodynamiczne sugerowały bardzo szerokie spektrum – od osłabienia kurczliwości wypieracza, po bardzo silne jego skurcze w czasie mikcji. Nadreaktywność wypieracza zaobserwowano u 70% badanych. Wyniki początkowych badań urodynamicznych, w porównaniu z wynikami po kilku latach obserwacji, ewoluowały w kierunku zmniejszenia nadreaktywności wypieracza i osłabienia jego kurczliwości w czasie mikcji, zwłaszcza u dziewcząt z CC. Stwierdzono poprawę krzywych przepływów u 6 badanych pacjentek (w tym u 2 z MPN i 4 z CC) w okresie końcowym obserwacji, po leczeniu MPN i CC.

Wnioski

Przy podejmowaniu decyzji o skierowaniu dziecka z zaburzeniami mikcji i nawrotami ZUM na badanie cystoskopowe należy się kierować obrazem klinicznym. Na podstawie analizy badanej grupy, za podejrzeniem MPN lub CC może przemawiać ewoluowanie badań urodynamicznych w trakcie obserwacji w kierunku osłabienia kurczliwości wypieracza w czasie mikcji.
Methods of cleft lip and palate treatment over the centuries – a historical view
Authors: Ilczuk-Rypuła Danuta , Pietraszewska Daria , Kempa Maria , Zalewska-Ziob Marzena , Wiczkowski Andrzej
Published: January 2018

Wprowadzenie

Rozszczep podniebienia jest jedną z najczęstszych wad rozwojowych twarzoczaszki, polegającą na braku ciągłości anatomicznej i niedorozwoju tej struktury. Powoduje ponadto liczne zaburzenia czynnościowe (oddychania, ssania, połykania, żucia i mowy) oraz sprzyja infekcjom dróg oddechowych i ucha środkowego

Cel pracy

Przedstawienie na podstawie piśmiennictwa różnych metod leczenia rozszczepu podniebienia, zarówno leczenia protetycznego przy zastosowaniu obturatorów, jak i leczenia chirurgicznego.

Podsumowanie

Rozszczep podniebienia, podobnie jak inne choroby, prawdopodobnie znany był ludzkości od początku jej istnienia. Na przestrzeni wieków podejmowano wiele prób wyleczenia tej wady lub zniwelowania efektów ubocznych. Obecnie obowiązuje wielospecjalistyczny model leczenia rozszczepu podniebienia.
Osteoarthrosis in general practice
Authors: Osiecka Aksandra , Matuszewska-Zbrońska Hanna , Drzastwa Witold , Bujak_Rosenbeiger Ewa , Mizgała Elżbieta
Published: January 2018

Celem pracy było zebranie najistotniejszych z punktu widzenia lekarza rodzinnego wiadomości dotyczących ChZS, by w swojej praktyce mógł on, współpracując z lekarzami innych dziedzin, poprowadzić pacjenta we wstępnej diagnostyce, wspomóc proces terapeutyczny, a także stanowić wsparcie medyczne w razie braku dostępności do konsultacji specjalistycznej lub długiego okresu oczekiwania na nią.
W pracy przedstawiono definicję ChZS, patomechanizm jej powstawania oraz postaci w zależności od etiologii. Przedstawiono objawy choroby ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem lokalizacji oraz zasady postępowania diagnostycznego i terapeutycznego w codziennej praktyce lekarza rodzinnego. Zwrócono również uwagę na istotną rolę rehabilitacji w celu uzyskania poprawy komfortu życia pacjentów.
Choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów jest schorzeniem postępującym, nieodwracalnym, prowadzącym do ograniczenia sprawności i pogorszenia jakości życia chorego. Zastosowane leczenie nie jest w stanie zahamować postępu choroby, może natomiast spowolnić jej rozwój i poprawić jakość życia pacjentów. W pracy podkreślono istotną rolę lekarza rodzinnego jako przewodnika po systemie opieki zdrowotnej w przypadku pacjentów z ChZS.
Comparing Newborn Hearing Test Batteries: TEOAE and A-ABR – Pilot Study
Authors: Huzmeli Esra Dogru
Published: January 2018

The aim of the newborn hearing screening programme is early detection of hearing loss. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and automised auditory brainstem response (A-ABR) are effective, objective and valuable test batteries for newborn hearing screening, and they should be used together. The purpose of this study is to determine which test battery is more accurate and can be used as the gold standard. A total of 933 newborn children were included in this study, of which 602 were girls and 331 boys. 622 of them were screened with TEOAE, while 311 with A-ABR. 31 of the newborn screened with A-ABR and 27 of those screened with TEOAE were referred in the hearing screening programme. The results showed that out of 933, 17 subjects had hearing loss. The hearing loss rate was 1.8%; 12 of the newborn screened with AABR and 5 of those screened with TEOAE had hearing loss. Keywords: Hearing loss, TEOAE, ABR, newborn hearing screening.
Effect of Kinesiologic Taping of Feet and Ankles on Static and Dynamic Balance in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Duman Fatma
Published: January 2018

Balance problems in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) restrict their motor skills for fulfilling daily life activities and acting independently in society. This study investigates the effect of kinesiology taping (KT) on the feet and ankles for static and dynamic balance. Forty individuals with CP with an average age of 10.85 ± 3.893 were included. Records of demographic information and anamnesis of individuals were made. Gross motor function classification system, gross motor function measure and Berg balance scale (BBS) were used for evaluation. Static and dynamic balances of the individuals were measured with Techno Body Postural Line device at pre-treatment and post-treatment of KT. Following KT, falling risks of the individuals were observed to decrease significantly based on the BBS scores. We consider that usage of KT in treatment programmes along with other physical therapy methods will play an important role in improvement of balance and functional capacity. Keywords: Cerebral palsy, kinesio tape, dynamic balance, static balance.
Determination of Consumers’ Liquid Choices, Consumption Frequencies and Habits
Authors: Demir Gulperi
Published: January 2018

This study aimed to determine consumers’ liquid choices, their consumption frequencies and habits. The study was conducted on 332 individuals aged between 16 and 30 (mean age: 20.7 ± 3.1 years). The most important factors that affect consumers’ liquid choices are tastiness (74.7%), easy accessibility (71.4%) and being a continuously consumed beverage (69.3%), respectively. Of the participants, 78.0% consumed liquids at meals, 66.3% of them started the day with a drink, 65.4% controlled alcohol content in energy drinks, 62.3% consumed water while eating, 50.0% consumed water in the recommended amount and 46.7% paid attention to the warning statement when purchasing energy drinks. The liquids that participants consumed over the percentage consumption score were as follows: water (119.3%), tea (114%), ayran (83.7%), coffee (77.7%), fruit juice (66.9%), soda (65.8%) and milk (64.2%). It is thought that especially young consumers need to be informed about the healthy liquid choices and consumption habits.

 

Keywords: Liquid choice, consumer, consumption frequency, habits.
Effects of Yoga on Sleep Quality, Depression in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Gokcek Ozden
Published: January 2018

Cerebral palsy [CP] which occurs in the developing brain as a result of injury in the fetal or perinatal period, is the most common developmental movement and motor impairment in childhood. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of physiotherapy yoga on sleep quality, depression in children with cerebral palsy.40 patients who were in the walking period [walking independently or with assistive device], with diagnosed CP and age between 5-17 were included the study. Individual’s demographic data were recorded and normal motor development was assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure [GMFM], postural analysis with New York Posture Rating Test, sleep quality with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and depression status with Childhood Depression Inventory. Timed Up and Go Test and Stair Ascending and Descending Test were applied. Yoga techniques which were breathing techniques, warm-up exercises [warming up in standing position], Surya Namaskar, Asanas, were performed for a total of 10 sessions, on alternate days and once a day for 45 minutes.32.5% of the individuals were female, 67,5% were male and their mean age was 10,77 ± 3,49.It was seen that after yoga there was a significant improvement in posture [p = 0.003], Timed Up and Go Test [p = 0,003] , Stair Ascending and Descending Test [p = 0.001], depression [p = 0.001] and sleep quality [p=0,012]. Yoga improved psychological condition, pain, sleep quality, posture in the child with CP. Also an improvement was found in exercise tests. As a consequence we believe that yoga should be applied safely and funly in children with SP. Keywords: Cerebral Palsy, Physiotherapy yoga, Sleep Quality, Depression
The Latest Trends in Graphic Design: Handmade Typographic Posters
Authors: Atasoy Seda Nur
Published: January 2018

Modern art and design movements such as Art Nouveau, Art Deco and international Typographic Style emerged in Switzerland in the 1950s have been a major influence in the development of modern posters language. Today, this contemporary orientations are being developed and dealt with in a different dimension.Typography in posters is used within the image or the typographic elements themselves coming together and converting into a visual form. The failure of the image of the poster to convey the desired message quickly and dramatically, not to observe the spaces in the use of typographic elements, to pass in front of the image with the color of the font used, lack of simplicity may be mentioned as many problems that can be replicated. However typography is not only the gap between characters, text font and color. It is the conformity of letters with the design applied. It is the art of representing the work with letters. And in this representation designers have made different attempts to find the most accurate and newest and were directed to handmade posters in their search.In this research, basis of the problems of the orientation to the hand-crafted typographic posters which is a different quest spreading rapidly today and reasons pushing the designer to this new quest were examined and in the light of obtained findings, examples of typographic posters in new quests made by designers were presented. Keywords: handmade typography, typographic problem in posters, experimental typography.
Early childhood education â€“ studentsâ€™ self-assessment of their teaching competences in the arts
Authors: Benic Marijana Zupanic
Published: January 2018

The term â€˜competencesâ€™ in this paper refers to a combination of knowledge, skills and abilities that students gain through initial teacher education and use for effective teaching in early childhood and pre-school settings. Activities in visual arts and music are important aspects of early childhood education, because they facilitate emotional, cognitive, social and psychomotor development. The role of educators is to provide children with a supportive environment where they can express themselves artistically and develop a certain level of competence in the arts; hence the purpose of this study was to measure and evaluate teaching competences of preschool education students in arts. We present the outcomes of a research on students in the third year of preschool education at the University of Maribor, Faculty of Education and at the University of Zagreb, Faculty of Education who were self-assessment for their competences from the point of view of artisticdidactic contents. Keywords: Preschool education, competences, fine arts, music.
Effective use of water in the landscape architecture curriculum
Authors: Belkayali Nur
Published: January 2018

Water is an indispensable life source for all living creatures, and such a vital source is being increasingly polluted and running out due to lack of effective use. Aridity is on the rise due to water cycle issues caused by global warming and, as such, water is becoming more and more a limited resource for the future. Necessary measures should be taken immediately to prevent this outcome. Training and awareness raising campaigns for effective use of water play a significant role in this respect. Striving to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources for improving the living quality of humans, landscape architects take various courses on the effective use of water throughout their education from the preservation, planning, design and management aspects of such endeavor. Topics such as xeriscape landscape designs, effective irrigation methods, choice of right vegetation, effective use of water resources and assessment of water resources on ecological level are considered to be significant elements of landscaping studies in tackling water scarcity issues brought on global warming and aridity. The present study aims to emphasise the place and significance of landscape architects and landscape architecture, as an academic study, in tackling the issue of water scarcity, which is an important issue on a global scale. With this aim in mind, the courses and syllabuses concerning the effective use of water included in the landscape architecture programs teach in both Turkey and around the world have been identified. The case studies on the effective use of water resources in Turkey and elsewhere have been studied and the things to be done in this respect have been presented. Keywords: Water, climate change, xeriscape landscaping, landscape architecture programs.
The view of pupils of the first stage on primary schools on physical attractiveness
Authors: Bartosova Michaela
Published: January 2018

A man since his birth is formed by society. It is a process of mutual acquaintance and building new relationships. With whom we enter into new relationship often depends on how we look at other people. It is up to every one whether to favour the personal (mental) or physical attractiveness of others when selecting friends and partners. The aim of this paper is to present the results of the research, which examines the view of children to physical attractiveness. The data were obtained through a questionnaire survey. The research took place at primary schools in the Olomouc region. The selected survey respondents were pupils in primary schools in the age range 9â€“11. This paper is a part of the wider context of the project currently being conducted in the Czech Republic at the Faculty of Education of the Palacky University in Olomouc IGA_PdF_2017_002. Keywords: Primary school, children, physical attractiveness, body mass index, obesity.
1937 - The year: Fate and tragedy of the Kazakh intelligentsia
Authors: Gazezovich Darkenov Kurmangali , BibÑ–hadisha  ZhursÑ–nkizy Abzhapparova , Roza  Tuimebaikizy Aitbai , Zibagul  Suleimenovna Lyasova
Published: January 2018

This article considers the fate and tragedy of the Kazakh intelligentsia in 1937, which was the peak year of Stalinâ€™s repression that occurred in the Soviet Union. Kazakhstan as a republic of the Soviet Union from the repression could not just stay aside. In the years of Stalinist repression, the Kazakh state lost several thousands of educated people, among whom were wellknown figures and intellectuals who were a part of the 1917 revolution. The repressive totalitarian state machine destroyed the cream of Kazakh intelligentsia such as Bukeyhanova, Baytursinova, Dulatov, Zhumabayev and Seifullin. During these years, betrayal, fear and accusation in the population were pronounced. Unfounded accusations of each other and stigmas of â€˜nationalistâ€™, â€˜bourgeois elementsâ€™, â€˜defender of the interests of the feudal lordsâ€™ among the intelligentsia were widespread. The author reveals the essence of the problem, the meaning of repression and the powerless and defenceless position of Kazakh intelligentsia. Keywords: Repression, the Kazakh intelligentsia, nationalist, bourgeois element, class approach, the soviet union, Kazakhstan.
The effects of flipped learning approach on the academic achievement and attitudes of the students
Authors: Karadag Ruhan , Keskin S. Serdar
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of activities based on â€˜Flipped Learningâ€™ approach on students' academic achievement and attitudes toward mathematics in mathematics lessons. A mixed method approach is used in this study. Quantitative data were collected through the academic achievement test developed by the researchers and the Mathematical Attitude Scale developed by Inan (2014). The qualitative data were obtained from the semi-structured interview form and the learning logs of the mathematics lessons that the students kept during the activities. In the analysis of quantitative data of the study, Statistical Package of Social Science programme was used to calculate and analyse arithmetic mean, standard deviation and t-test. In the analysis of qualitative data, content analysis was used. It is found that â€˜Flipped Learningâ€™ approach positively affect students' academic achievement and attitudes toward mathematics in mathematics lessons. Keywords: Flipped learning, mathematic instruction, academic achievement.
Teachersâ€™ understanding about education decision-making processes at the macro, meso and micro levels
Authors: Kaseorg Merike
Published: January 2018

Recent changes in the Estonian education system have been altered in concordance with changes in the socio-cultural context and decision-making processes at the macro, meso and micro levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate teachersâ€™ opinions regarding the education system and its regulations on different decision-making processes at different levels. Forty-five primary school teachers from 28 Estonian schools participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Teachers expressed more negative feelings about not being included in the processes made at the macro level. At the meso level, the teachers were familiar with decisions supporting their professional development. Teachers also mentioned that they should be more recognised in the processes made at the micro level. Teachers need to be more involved in the decision-making processes and in school management to feel that their work is valued. Keywords: Educational system, decision-making processes, primary school teacher, interview
The research of the relationship between teachersâ€™ professional skills and student expectations improving study environment
Authors: Stikliene Aida , Dautarte Anzelika , Bartkevicius Edmundas , Zalkauskas Remigijus , Gavenauskas Algirdas
Published: January 2018

The teacherâ€™s attitude towards the teaching process and communication skills is of particular importance and plays a crucial role in todayâ€™s rapidly changing world. It has to go together with raising the consciousness and awareness of individuals on study environment issues and ensuring them contribute to solutions of learning problems. Research was conducted with 405 prospective professionals who study at Aleksandras Stulginskis University Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecology. An interactive questionnaire â€˜Study subject in studentâ€™s eyesâ€™ developed at Aleksandras Stulginskis University (2014â€“2017) was used as data collection tool. This article analyses the teacherâ€™s pedagogical work from the studentâ€™s point of view. Multivariate analysis and regression tree model were used in the interpretation of the results. The results confirmed the hypothesis that hard-working students better evaluate teachersâ€™ professional skills. It seems that elder course students with age have higher expectations from the teaching environment. Keywords: teacherâ€™s attitude, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, pedagogical
Pergeseran Standar Feminisme Dalam Pemilu AS: Studi Terhadap Postfeminisme di Kalangan Muda [The Shifting Feminist Standard in U.S. Elections: Studies on Postfeminism in Youth]
Authors: Oktavianti Tri Indah , Hasan Muhammad Nur
Published: January 2018

Feminism firmly stands in the front line when it comes to the confrontation against injustice and oppression. Yet, feminism has become too exclusive for the subject of women and privileged for sub-groups like whites and middle-class, who stand as a whole category. By then, feminism is stuck in a time warp as it is unable to diminish the oppression of binary gender and its exclusive category. Under the framework of post-structuralist feminism theory, post-feminism is defined as a positive development of feminism that offers more comprehensive thinking. This research aims to identify the ideas of post-feminism and analyze how the shifting values of feminism towards post-feminism occur. Through interpretive methods, the researcher identified that post-feminism was about the deconstruction of the subject 'women' and inter-sectionalism. The millennial paradigm shifts in the United States allowed the creation of preferences that was diverse and unlimited to a specific gender perspective. Thus, the political preferences of feminists were not only limited to the assumption of women that should choose a female president. Therefore, supporters of the millennial wave phenomena of Bernie Sanders in the primary caucus of Democratic Party of US elections in 2016 became one of the reflections of the millennial post-feminism ideas.
Russia Sovereignty and Regional Security: The Asymmetric Conflict of the Russian Federation Military in Ukraine (2014)
Authors: Manurung Hendra
Published: January 2018

The Russia Federation is global actor in applying strict policies against the Ukraine. In pursuing the state’s political goals from Moscow, the escalation of military operations in 2014 defined the way the state behaves. Through a combination of military and non-military operations, Russia is now slowly regaining its power through the annexation of the Crimea. The effectiveness of this method is used to determine Russia’s contemporary warfare strategy. It thus explains how Russia's foreign policy and defense policy from 2000 to 2013 has dependence on Ukraine's strategic environment on Russia, and Russia's national interest in Ukraine. The main focus of this paper is on the achievement of Russia’s political objectives in its military operation in Ukraine and analysis on Russia’s national security components that significantly influence the interaction of this asymmetric conflict. 

BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Federasi Rusia merupakan aktor global yang menerapkan kebijakan tegas terhadap Ukraina. Guna mencapai tujuan politik nasional Rusia yang dikendalikan dari Moskwa, melalui operasi militer di tahun 2014, didefinisikan bagaimana negara tersebut berperilaku. Melalui kombinasi operasi militer dan non-militer, Rusia secara perlahan memperoleh kekuasaan melalui aneksasi Krimea. Efektivitas metoda ini dipergunakan untuk menentukan strategi perang Rusia saat ini. Dengan demikian menjelaskan bagaimana kebijakan luar negeri dan kebijakan pertahanan Rusia dari tahun 2000 hingga 2013 yang memiliki ketergantungan pada lingkungan strategis Ukraina terhadap Rusia, dan kepentingan nasional Rusia pada Ukraina. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah pencapaian tujuan politik Rusia dalam operasi militer yang dilaksanakan di Ukraina dan menganalisa komponen keamanan nasional Rusia yang signifikan mempengaruhi interaksi konflik asimetrik.
Applications de méthodologies participatives pour l'analyse du déboisement en forêt tropicale de montagne à San Luis Potosí, Mexique
Authors: Reyes Hernández Humberto , Montoya Toledo Jose Nelson , Fortanelli Martínez Javier , Aguilar Robledo Miguel , Garcia Pérez José
Published: January 2018

Les forêts tropicales de montagne, ou forêts de brume, sont parmi les écosystèmes les plus riches en biodiversité de la planète. L'État de San Luis Potosí au Mexique a perdu 2 868 hectares de ces forêts en 35 ans. Cet article analyse, dans ce contexte, les causes de ce déboisement et les solutions possibles pour protéger les derniers lambeaux de ces forêts de brume en s'appuyant sur des techniques de recherche participatives : ateliers, cartographie participative, transects, entretiens semi-structurés et observations participatives. Les premières causes de destruction de ces forêts sont les contrats d'exploitation forestière, les subventions publiques à l'élevage, le défrichage pour les cultures et l'abattage sélectif. Si les services écosystémiques rendus par les forêts tropicales de montagne sont bien connus, ils sont moins appréciés que les services rendus par l'agriculture et l'élevage. De plus, les effets du sous-développement, de la pauvreté et des problèmes liés à la propriété foncière se conjuguent au détriment de cet écosystème, qui risque de disparaître dans les prochaines années. Cette étude fait valoir enfin que la création de réserves forestières communautaires représenterait la seule solution réaliste permettant de conserver cet écosystème en voie de disparition.
Essais de propagation par semis et marcottage aérien de Coula edulis Baill. et perspectives pour sa domestication
Authors: Moupela Christian , Doucet Jean-Louis , Daïnou Kasso , Meunier Quentin , Vermeulen Cédric , Beauchêne Jacques
Published: January 2018

Le noisetier d'Afrique, Coula edulis Baill. Olacaceae, est un arbre des forêts denses humides africaines. Il produit des graines d'une grande valeur nutritive qui sont régulièrement récoltées et commercialisées par les populations d'Afrique centrale et de l'Ouest. Cependant, le manque d'informations relatives aux techniques de multiplication de l'espèce est la principale contrainte à sa domestication et à son intégration dans les systèmes agroforestiers locaux. L'étude, conduite parallèlement en pépinière et en milieu naturel, vise à mieux caractériser la germination de C. edulis et à déterminer ses aptitudes au marcottage aérien. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que la germination de C. edulis est très lente et échelonnée avec des taux de levée très faibles, voire nuls. De plus, les prétraitements appliqués aux graines se sont révélés inefficaces pour améliorer la vitesse et le taux de levée des semences. En revanche, le marcottage aérien permet de produire des plants de C. edulis d'une vigueur bien supérieure et dans un délai plus court que les semis en pépinière. Les résultats préliminaires du marcottage aérien sont prometteurs et ouvrent des perspectives intéressantes pour la multiplication et la domestication de l'espèce. L'intégration de Coula edulis dans les systèmes agroforestiers des plants issus du marcottage aérien est donc envisageable.
Perception locale des sols et de leur évolution dans des terroirs en cours de savanisation des populations Batandu en République démocratique du Congo
Authors: Dubiez Emilien , Yamba Yamba Timothée , Mvolo Baby , Freycon Vincent
Published: January 2018

L'agriculture d'abattis-brûlis, la production de bois énergie et l'absence de gestion des écosystèmes forestiers sont à l'origine de la dégradation et de la savanisation progressive de ces espaces. Ces phénomènes ont accentué les processus d'érosion dans les terroirs du village de Kinduala. Ils ont également conduit les populations à modifier leurs pratiques culturales en raison de la disparition progressive des espaces forestiers au profit des cultures sur savane. L'objectif de cette étude était de caractériser la perception locale des sols (typologie, évolution) par les agriculteurs d'un village de la population Batandu. Le temps de l'étude, il a été réalisé deux réunions villageoises, 36 prélèvements de sols de surface, 25 analyses physico-chimiques et étudié un profil de sol. En observant la couche superficielle du sol, les Batandu distinguent quatre types d'horizons (kanga, kibuma, nzielo, kiniengi) en fonction de leur couleur, texture et leur facilité à être travaillé lors des cultures. Ils associent préférentiellement leurs cultures avec le kibuma et le kiniengi. Les Batundu sont conscients de l'évolution de la couche superficielle de leurs sols sous l'influence des activités culturales et des pluies. Cependant, ils ne perçoivent pas clairement l'évolution de leurs sols sur une plus grande profondeur et son lien avec les processus d'érosion des sols en cours. Cette étude nous a permis d'identifier les connaissances des populations, leurs limites, et de proposer un schéma de processus d'érosion des sols. Pour freiner ce processus d'érosion des sols, des améliorations culturales devront être intégrées dans les Plans simples de gestion élaborés par les populations en complément des activités de reboisement et de plantations agroforestières à Acacia auriculiformis.
Adriano, dios presente entre los griegos. Rasgos de emoción en la epigrafía délfica de la época
Authors: López Benitez Joaquin
Published: January 2018

Resumen: La presencia física del emperador Adriano en Grecia fue un hecho irrepetible, extraordinario para sus súbditos. En Delfos, la ciudad declaró sagrados los días que el emperador estuvo entre sus habitantes. El entusiasmo griego por la presencia y la labor del emperador provocó que lo reconociesen como un dios en vida. En conexión con esto, una nueva lectura de estos “días sagrados” muestra la emoción y el sincero sentimiento de gratitud de los delfios hacia la actividad de Adriano en su ciudad.Abstract: Emperor Hadrian’s physical presence in Greece was a unique, extraordinary event for his subjets. At Delphi, the city proclaimed sacred the days that the emperor was among its inhabitants. Greek enthusiasm for emperor’s works and presence provoked they acknowledged him as a living god. In connection with that, a new lecture of this “sacred days” shows the delphians’ emotion and sincere sentiment of gratitude towards Hadrian’s activity in their city.Palabras clave: Adriano, Delfos, cartas, presencia, emperador divinizado, días sagradosKey words: Hadrian, Delphi, letters, presence, deified emperor, sacred days
Los festivales dionisíacos: entre el gozo, el dolor y la gloria
Authors: Plácido Suárez Domingo
Published: January 2018

Resumen: En Atenas, el escenario principal en época clásica era el teatro de Dioniso, vinculado al culto de este dios, lo que se ve transpuesto a los héroes en el desarrollo de la ciudad, en el paso de los cultos agrarios a fiestas cívicas, en un proceso de integración relacionado con las tiranías.Dioniso es el que ha dado a los hombres alegría y dolor, según Hesíodo. Él mismo es pues personificación de las contradicciones de la vida misma, en la que es difícil hallar el gozo en estado puro. Pero existía antes un culto heroico que se integra en las ciudades en su formación como poleis.Abstract: In Athens, the main stage in classical times was the theatre of Dionysus, linked to the worship of this god. This is transposed to the heroes in the development of the city, in the transition from the agricultural cults to civic celebrations, in an integration process relatedto the tyrannies. Dionysus is who has given to men joy and pain, according to Hesiod. It is thus a personification of the contradictions of life itself, in which it is difficult to find joy in its purest form. But before there was a heroic cult which is integrated in the cities in their formation as poleis.Palabras clave: Dioniso, teatro, culto heroico, cultos agrarios, poleisKey words: Dionysus, theatre, heroic cults, agricultural cults, poleis
Agustín de Hipona y las celebraciones en torno a los mártires
Authors: Rodríguez Gervás Manuel
Published: January 2018

Resumen: Durante siglos, los cristianos celebraron el culto a los mártires con ritos, en cierta medida semejantes a los utilizados tradicionalmente en el culto a los difuntos. En concreto, con el refrigerium, que iba acompañado de celebraciones colectivas. Sin embargo, a partir de las últimas décadas del siglo IV, fue prohibida dicha práctica en diversas sedes episcopales bajo el argumento de estar contaminada de paganismo. Pero, al mismo tiempo que se prohibía, se incitaba a donar los gastos de estas celebraciones a actividades caritativas. Dicha caridad era, en gran medida, regulada por la Iglesia a través del episcopado. Así pues, creemos que no puede entenderse la prohibición de las comidas ante las tumbas de los mártires sin asociarlo al progresivo intervencionismo de los obispos, que afectaba no solo a las costumbres de los fieles, sino que también fomentaba una mayor capacidad económica de las diócesis.Abstract: For centuries, Christians celebrated the cult of the martyrs through rituals that were to a certain extent similar to those traditionally performed for the dead. More specifically, these involved the so-called refrigerium, which was accompanied by collective celebrations. However, starting in the final decades of the 4th century, this practice was prohibited in several episcopal sees, which argued that it was contaminated by paganism. Yet interestingly enough, while the specific rituals were banned, the bishops encouraged the faithful to donate the money they would have spent on these celebrations to charitable causes which they themselves controlled and regulated to a great extent. We therefore consider that this ban on feasting next to the tombs of the martyrs cannot be understood unless it is associated with the bishops’ increasing interventionism, which not only affected the customs of the faithful, but also provided the dioceses with larger financial resources.Palabras clave: Tardía Antigüedad, cristianismo, África, Agustín de HiponaKey words: Late Antiquity, Christianity, Africa,Augustine of Hippo
Ordem social e práticas agrícolas: a França como fonte inspiradora de projetos de colônias agrícolas no Brasil Império
Authors: Urbinati Inoã Pierre Carvalho
Published: January 2018

A leitura de diversos documentos mostra que a conhecida influência francesa no Brasil imperial parece ter se manifestado também em propostas de criação de colônias agrícolas, tendo havido inclusive referência à célebre colônia penal e agrícola de Mettray. Esse fenômeno se verificou também, no Brasil, quando dos debates em torno dos futuros libertos, num contexto de progressiva extinção da escravidão. O artigo tem como proposta investigar a presença francesa na elaboração de projetos de colônias agrícolas, tanto relacionadas ao meio judiciário, como aquelas voltadas prioritariamente para os planos de pós-abolição, procurando ver em que medida um espírito modernizador norteou esses projetos, ao mesmo tempo em que transparecia uma preocupação de controle social.
Entrevista com George Martine
Authors: Carmo Roberto Luiz do , Johansen Igor Cavallini
Published: January 2018

George Martine é um dos mais conhecidos pesquisadores que têm contribuído no Brasil e no exterior para o debate sobre População e Ambiente. Graduado em Artes e Ciências pela University of Ottawa, Canadá (1959), mestre em Sociologia pela Fordham University, Estados Unidos (1965) e Doutor em Demografia e Ecologia pela Brown University, Estados Unidos (1969), trabalha em temas como migração interna, população e desenvolvimento, desigualdade, pobreza, urbanização e sustentabilidade.
Reflexões sobre as dificuldades da implementação da participação institucional no Brasil
Authors: Romão Wagner de Melo
Published: January 2018

A Constituição Federal de 1988 sugeriu que as políticas públicas por ela emanadas deveriam ser realizadas em regime de gestão compartilhada, isto é, com a participação da sociedade. A partir daí, conselhos, conferências, audiências públicas e outras instâncias de participação, que já ocorriam ocasionalmente em determinadas localidades e setores, multiplicaram-se como elementos de chancela para a elaboração e tomada de decisão em políticas públicas. Há, entretanto, algum mal estar com a pouca efetividade destas instâncias e mecanismos de participação institucional. De certo modo para diminuir esta percepção, o governo federal buscou, nos últimos anos, avaliar o funcionamento destas instâncias e mecanismos e terminou por propor, sem sucesso, a criação de um Sistema e uma Política Nacional de Participação Social. Sugere-se que as abordagens sobre implementação de políticas públicas podem ser férteis para uma compreensão mais acurada do tema.
Pobreza y desigualdad como factores discursivos de la legitimación de la clase política Chilena (1990 – 2010)
Authors: Bezerra Marcelo Moriconi , Maldonado Claudia
Published: January 2018

Tras una transición democrática pactada, donde permanecieron importantes enclaves autoritarios, la clase política chilena debió auto-legitimarse discursivamente ante una sociedad que veía cómo el nuevo régimen democrático guardaba importantes líneas de continuidad con la dictadura. A partir del análisis de discurso, este trabajo analiza cómo la lucha contra la pobreza y la desigualdad se convirtieron en factores legitimadores del accionar de la nueva clase política durante los gobiernos de la Concertación, al incorporar nuevas ideas sobre el rol del Estado y la democracia.