bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improvement of the method of calculation of pressure of combine harvester propulsion on soil
Authors: Skorlyakov Victor J. , Revenko Valery Yu.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Currently there is no simple and reliable algorithm of assessment of pressure on soil for the harvesters presented on the market. Therefore, analysis of the methods presented in active standards and used in calculation of pressure of propulsion on soil as well as development of the simplified and acceptable for manufacturing specialists method are relevant.
AIMS: Simplification of assessment of force action to wheels and soil during the operation cycle from the beginning and until the end of combine harvester tanker filling.
METHODS: The method of assessment of values of combine harvester wheel pressure on soil during the tanker filling operation cycle that allows exclusion of weighing of a harvester with a filled tanker is proposed.
RESULTS: As the result of studies, the complex of sequential actions of determining of load of machinery propulsion on soil, including determining of weight and center of mass coordinates for the grain inside tanker with the following determining of wheel normal forces caused by summarized load action of grain and a harvester (with an empty tanker) considering location of their centers of mass, was justified.
CONCLUSIONS: The new method application makes it possible to define maximal wheel pressure on soil with the filled tanker as well as the range of this indicators values from the beginning and until the end of tanker filling with grain. In this case, weighing of a harvester with a filled tanker at the special area with hard surface including the procedures of grain loading, unloading and weighing, is excluded. As a result, the ability of quick comparison of combine harvesters with the criterion of level of impact on soil in respect to tanker filling operational cycle beginning and end is ensured, which is the study subject. Thus, in order to solve the given task, it suffices to use the weighing results of harvesting machinery with an empty tanker, available in open sources, followed by calculation according to the proposed algorithm. Minimal divergence (less than 2%) of calculated and measured with use of platform scales values of maximal wheel pressure on soil is found.
Prediction of nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel exhaust gases when using composite fuel
Authors: Buzikov Shamil V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The problem of using composite fuel (CF) in diesel engines consists in a wide variation of their physicochemical properties, which affect the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with ex-haust gases (EG). Therefore, the predictive assessment of the formation of NOx with EG when using CF is very relevant.
AIMS: Predictive assessment of quantitative NOx emission with diesel EG when using various types and compositions of CF. Scientific novelty lies in development of the method of prediction of NOx emission by a diesel engine when using CF.
METHODS: The method of prediction of quantitative NOx emissions with diesel EG regarding the use of various CF kinds and compositions has been developed. Predictive indicators of NOx emissions have been defined. Multi-parameter characteristics of NOx emission with EG of the D-245.582 diesel engine of 4ChN 11.0/12.5 size have been obtained experimentally. Degree of convergence of the experimental data with the calculated values is assessed.
RESULTS: As a result of the carried-out studies, it was theoretically established that the load (pe) increase from 0.2 to 1.0 MPa, the engine speed (n) decrease from 1800 to 1400 min-1 and decrease of mass fraction of rapeseed oil (RO) and ethanol (E) in CF from 40 to 20% lead to increased NOx emissions with diesel EG from 131 to 2225 ppm and from 75 to 1450 ppm respectively. The increase in NOx emissions with the EG from 152 to 2125 ppm for CF consisting of DF and RO and from 175 to 1550 ppm for CF consisting of DF and E in the above mentioned operating modes experimentally confirmed. The degree of convergence of the experimental data with the calculated values is 90.14%, which in turn indicates the possibility of using the developed methodology as a predictive indicator.
CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the studies, it was established that the developed method of prediction of quantitative NOx emissions with diesel EG is highly likely to use for preliminary assessment when various CF kinds and compositions are considered, as the degree of convergence of the experimental data with the calculated values, assessed with a statistical processing method and experimental error calculation, is 90.14%.
The method of reasonable selection of a pneumatic tire set for an agricultural tractor
Authors: Anisimov Nikolay L.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The method of reasonable selection of an agricultural tractor tire set is a tool to compare and choose a tire set with the best properties, to analyze the features of tire-soil interaction, to evaluate the feasibility of installing the proposed tire set and to identify ways of tractor design improvement. The relevance of tire set optimal selection for vehicles operating in agriculture is related to the soil compaction by chassis that lead to a change of its structure and agricultural yield reduction. In addition, it is related to low traction properties which increases fuel consumption, reduces performance and accelerate tire wear during operation on soft soils with wheel slip.
AIMS: The aim of the study is to increase the operation efficiency of an agriculture tractor as part of a machine-tractor unit with the pneumatic tire set selected with the developed method. The research subject is the influence of tire design properties on the tractor operational indicators.
METHODS: The article presents the method that allows to choose pneumatic tires from a wide range of different models and manufactures according to known and available technical properties for a newly-developed or modified agricultural tractor. A specific feature of method is determination of a generalized parameter of tractor operation and using it for comparison of different tires instead of using individual indicators. Driving wheels pneumatic tires of different sizes and properties for a four-wheel drive general purpose tractor are used in calculation. The method includes analytical determination of agrotechnical, technical, technical-and-economic operational indicators of tractor as well as economic components such as: maximum pressure on soil; a transverse static stability angle of a tractor, a slipping ratio, tire set cost. According to the calculated indicators and tire set cost, a generalized parameter is determined with the Harrington method and used for selection of pneumatic tire set.
RESULTS: As a result of the method application, tire sets for the K-7M Kirovets agricultural tractor were determined such as: the 710/70R42 tires regarding the main operational indicators of the tractor and the 710/70R38 tires regarding the main operational indicators of the tractor and tire set cost.
CONCLUSIONS: The given method can be proposed to tractor manufactures for tire set selection, chassis evaluation and identification of ways of design improvement.
The unit for improvement of degenerated mountainside sections
Authors: Bideev Sergey I. , Gulueva Ludmila R.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The results of RD works on the laboratory prototype of a small disk harrow aimed for operation at mountainsides and capable to improve labor capacity and yield capacity of highland forage lands by 1520% are presented.
AIMS: The developed laboratory prototype of a module of a mountain tractor-drawn small disk harrow for operation at sections of highland and piedmont areas capable to eliminate weed infestation of soil; to increase fertility and yield capacity of forage lands, to ensure stability of grass areas against deflation and erosion.
METHODS: The technical examination of the laboratory prototype of the machine was carried out at the highland station of North Caucasian Research Institute of Highland and Piedmont Agriculture in Dargvas village, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania at the altitude of 1540 meters above the sea level and at the slope angle of up to 12. The properties of the testing conditions and the functional properties of unit operation were determined. The technical examination of the scientific documentation of the laboratory prototype of a module of a mountain tractor-drawn small disk harrow for cultivation of soil of highland grass areas was carried out in compliance with the GOST 33687-2015 standard. The subject of the study includes operating tools (the disks), distance between neighboring disks, disk curvature radius, disk diameter as well as the design of operating tools mounting at the frame of a small disk harrow.
RESULTS: The laboratory prototype of a small disk harrow for soil cultivation at sections of highland and piedmont areas was developed and produced on the basis of a minitractor. The small disk harrow is represented as a tractor-drawn unit with inline arrangement of 9 spherical disks mounted to individual struts. The design of the mountain small disk harrow is provided with the capability of the unit to switch from the right-to-left mountainside operation mode to the left-to-right mountainside operation mode when turning and with the optional mounting of press wheels.
CONCLUSIONS: Practical use of the module of a small disk harrow ensures reduction of generating processes ofmountainside sections, increases yield capacity of forage lands, ensures stability against water erosion and wind erosion as well as increases environmental stability and efficiency of grassland farming.
Curvilinear motion control laws for a semi-trailer caterpillar train for off-road cargo transportation
Authors: Evseev Kirill B.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: For transport accessibility in areas with an undeveloped road network, the use of tracked trains that provide low ground pressure is a rational solution. To ensure the mobility of a semi-trailed, unmanned caterpillar train, which can be controlled remotely by a driver-operator or by an automatic unmanned driving system, traffic control laws are needed.
AIMS: Ensuring energy efficiency in curve control of a unmanned semi-trailer tracked train for off-road freight transport.
METHODS: The methods of simulation mathematical modelling and analytical methods based on the consideration of the quasi-stationary motion of the caterpillar train links are used to derive energy-efficient control laws and determine the mobility performance that can be achieved.
RESULTS: Control laws are obtained for two variants of tracked trains: a tracked train with independent drive control of driving wheels and a tracked train with a differential drive scheme of a semi-trailer link. The control laws are designed to improve the energy efficiency of travel which is achieved by rational distribution of traction forces on the driving wheels of the tracked train and use of the regulator which ensures adjustment of the traction on the semi-trailer driving wheels accord-ing to the sign and magnitude of force in the fifth-wheel coupling of the tractor.
A block diagram of a governing system of a caterpillar train and a mathematical description of its basic structural components (blocks) are given. Using the developed control laws the theoretical research of curvilinear movement by simulation mathematical modelling is carried out; the comparative analysis of the considered control laws of the semitrailer caterpillar train movement with two transmission variants is given.
CONCLUSIONS: The application of the developed caterpillar train motion control laws will enable the vehicle to move unmanned or follow the lead vehicle along a set path with high accuracy of turning manoeuvres and, consequently, will improve the safety of freight transportation.
The first with completely domestic design. The 85th anniversary of the STZ-NATI tractor
Authors: Kosenko Vyacheslav V. , Sharov Vladimir V.
Published: April 2023

85 years ago, on 11 July 1937, the production of the STZ-NATI, the famous and deservedly popular tracked agricultural tractor, was launched at Stalingrad Tractor Plant. This tractor was the first which had completely domestic deisgn. Development of this tractor is an example of effective collaboration between the design engineers of STP and the scientists of All-soviet Scientific Research Tractor Insitute (NATI). In comparison with the predecessor, the STZ-1 wheeled tractor, the STZ-NATI was better suitable for soil, climate and road conditions of the USSR, 73% more powerful, much more productive and efficient. The production of this tractor was launched at Kharkiv Tractor Plant in the same year under the name of SKhTZ-NATI or KhTZ-NATI and at the newly-established Altay Tractor Plant in 1942, during the Great Patriotic War (ASKhTZ-NATI or ATZ-NATI). On the basis of the STZ-NATI and KhTZ-NATI agricultural tractors, the STZ-5 transport tractor and the STZ-8 swamp tractor were developed and produced at STP, the KhTZ-T2G gas generator tractor and the KhTZ-16 armoured tractor were developed and produced at KhTP. The ASKhTZ-NATI tractor production at STP and KhTP continued until 1949, the production at ATP continued until 1952, when the tractor was succeeded by the DT-54 diesel tractor. Three plants produced around 200,000 ASKhTZ-NATI tractors. Cutting-edge and successful design solutions, implemented in the tractors design, were used in tractors of STP/VgTD, KhTP and ATP for a long time and still find place in Chinese YTO tractors.
Technological process of field crops spraying with slotted sprayers
Authors: Kireev Ivan M. , Danilov Mikhail V. , Koval’ Zinaida M. , Zimin Filipp A.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The subject of the study is the technological process of spraying field crops with slotted sprayers and the indicators dispersion.
AIMS: Improving the technological process of spraying plants with the use of pneumo-hydraulic slotted sprayers.
METHODS: Special equipment was used for photographing films of the liquid being sprayed under various operating modes of slotted sprayers with the possibility of calculating the size of the droplets. Fulfillment of the requirements for the number of drops/cm2 at the treated object, overlapping the liquid spray jets ensures uniform distribution of drops over the spraying width. Therefore, it was sufficient to have information about the fragmentation of the thickness of the liquid film along the axis of the nozzle spray liquid into drops and obtaining their quantity per unit time depending on the flow rate of the working fluid.
Newness of the research lies in determining the effective operation of slotted sprayers as part of the spraying device.
RESULTS: With the use of the special equipment, it is possible to fulfill agrotechnical requirements for droplet sizes. When using herbicides for foliar post-emergence treatment with a systemic pesticide, the limits of MMD range are from 226 m to 400 m. Soil herbicide treatment with a systemic pesticide requires an increased droplet MMD range of 401 m to 500 m and 500 m. The number of drops/cm2 when using fungicides is limited from 50 to 70, insecticides from 20 to 30, and herbicides from 20 to 40.
CONCLUSIONS: The applied technology makes it possible to reduce the consumption of preparations and working fluid with high work performance and resource saving. The above research results can be used as the basis for determining the effective technology of a boom sprayer with slotted liquid sprayers. Fulfillment of the requirements for the number of drops/cm2 at the treatment facility overlapping liquid spray torches ensures a uniform distribution of drops over the spraying width. Therefore, it suffices to know about the division of the thickness of the liquid film along the axis of the liquid spray jet into drops and to obtain their number per unit time.
The justification of functional properties of agricultural moving power units in the multi-objective scenario
Authors: Godzhaev Teymur Z. , Zubina Valeriya A. , Malakhov Ivan S.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Considering the developed technical facilities like moving power units (MPU) used in agricultural industry are described with numerous quality criteria, the design development issues should be solved in multi-objective and multi-factorial scenario. Therefore, the development of mathematical tools and software for solving these issues is a relevant aim [1-3].
AIMS: Determination of optimal functional properties of an agricultural MPU with numerous quality criteria including the conflictive ones.
METHODS: In this study, the algorithmic software for multi-objective optimization of functional properties of agricultural moving power units has been developed. The simulation models of MPUs dominating quality criteria, functional limits and initial conditions for solving the multi-objective optimization task of MPUs properties determination at the design and improvement stages are given. According to the expert assessment, the chosen dominating criteria are pressure on soil, productive capacity, energetic assessment based on relative reduction of total specific fuel-energy consumption, total maintenance costs and energy efficiency.
RESULTS: The calculations of quality criteria values in testing points in the studied parameter space were performed. According to the developed algorithm, the range of acceptable results for the MPUs functional and design properties, which meet all criterial and functional limits given by the decision-making person (DMP), was derived. In addition, the Pareto set of solutions (points), which are the best options of the MPUs functional properties and do not disgrace each other on totality of criteria, was derived. According to the optimization analysis, the DMP chooses the only one point from the Pareto set.
CONCLUSIONS: The developed mathematical models and the software based on the models are helpful to optimize the properties of agricultural moving power units with regard to various quality criteria including conflictive, functional, service criteria, etc. The software set allows performing the multi-objective optimization of an object with the total amount of considered quality criteria of up to 20 and with up to 50 variable parameters. . In order to use this software set to optimize other technical objects and tools, it is necessary to update the mathematical apparatus and, as a consequence, the software.
To the 80th anniversary of Professor Thomas Cavalier-Smith (1942–2021)
Authors: Zmitrovich Ivan V. , Perelygin Vladimir V. , Zharikov Mikhail V.
Published: April 2023

The present essay is dedicated to one of the most famous evolutionary biologists of recent decades, Thomas Cavalier-Smith, one of the founders of eukaryotic megasystematics. His theoretical work was devoted to various aspects of the origin of the cell and the evolution of the genome, and the main thing was the improvement of eukaryotic megasystematics. Cavalier-Smiths thinking style was characterized by a detailed elaboration of data from various disciplines, including cell biology, biochemistry, molecular evolution, protistology, microbiology, and paleontology. He had an encyclopedic outlook, a lively mind and was alien to dogmatism. His peculiar cognitive method was to put forward and then test extravagant evolutionary hypotheses. The theoretical heritage of Cavalier-Smith has influenced several generations of researchers and the landscape of modern theoretical biology. The life of Cavalier-Smith is a perfect example of endless dedication and a sense of professional duty.
Rooted: Metaphors and Judicial Philosophy in Artis v. District of Columbia
Authors: Heppner, Jr. Richard L.
Published: April 2023

This Article examines how the metaphors in judicial opinions reveal judicial theories of lawmaking and judicial philosophies. It does so through a close reading of Justice Ginsburg’s majority opinion and Justice Gorsuch’s dissenting opinion in Artis v. District of Columbia, 138 S. Ct. 594 (2018).
Artis was about what the phrase “shall be tolled” means in the federal supplemental jurisdiction statute, 28 U.S.C. §1367. Does it pause the statute of limitations while a state-law claim is in federal court or keep it running? In holding that Congress used “stop the clock” tolling, an “off-the-shelf” legal device that pauses the statute of limitations, Justice Ginsburg’s majority opinion uses conventional, mechanistic metaphors. Justice Gorsuch’s dissent uses more elaborate, agrarian metaphors to argue that Congress used a stricter “grace period” version of tolling because “[w]hen Congress replants the roots of preexisting law in the federal code, this Court assumes it brings with it the surrounding soil.”
This Article shows that Justice Ginsburg’s mechanistic metaphors describe lawmaking like engineering and bespeak a mode of judicial interpretation based on purpose and precedent—while Justice Gorsuch’s agrarian metaphors hark back to a pastoral conception of lawmaking and interpretation “rooted” in a mythical common-law history and tradition. It then compares Justice Ginsburg’s moreunderstated use of conventional metaphors to Justice Gorsuch’s more performative metaphorical technique, arguing that their different rhetorical strategies reflect their different visions of lawmaking and interpretive philosophies. And it closes by showing how close attention to the metaphors theyuse can reveal the flaws in each approach.
Multisystem Factors of Vitality and Mental Health of Modern Adolescents
Authors: Чжоу Ч.
Published: April 2023

Исследуется феномен жизнестойкости современных подростков как фактор защиты и укрепления психического здоровья, инструмент смягчения негативных последствий стрессовых событий и ускорения «ментального выздоровления». Приводятся актуальные данные научных исследований о  том, что между жизнеспособностью и  психическим здоровьем подростков существует устойчивая взаимосвязь. Говорится о значимом влиянии факторов пола и возраста на проявление жизнеспособности и влиянии данного интегрального личностного показателя на качество психического здоровья в период подросткового возраста. Актуализирована необходимость проведения дальнейших всесторонних исследований мультисистемного характера жизнеспособности и психического здоровья подростков в условиях нестабильности социально-политической и международной обстановки.

The article focuses the phenomenon of resilience of modern adolescents as a factor in the protection and strengthening of mental health, a tool to mitigate the negative consequences of stressful events and accelerate “mental recovery”. Relevant data from scientific research are presented that there is a stable relationship between the resilience and mental health of adolescents. It is said about the significant influence of gender and age factors on the manifestation of viability and the influence of this integral personal indicator on the quality of mental health during adolescence. The need for further comprehensive studies of the multisystem nature of the viability and mental health of adolescents in the conditions of instability of the socio-political and international situation has been updated.
Taxis: the Prototypical Art of the Intercategorial Interaction of Semantic Categories
Authors: Архипова И.В.
Published: April 2023

Целью настоящего исследования является выявление прототипического способа межкатегориального взаимодействия таксиса с  функционально-семантическими категориями и субкатегориями аспектуальности, темпоральности, временной локализованности, итеративности и фазовости. При пересечении таксиса и сопряженных с ним категорий и субкатегорий, «ответственных» за репрезентацию временных отношений, реализуется механизм межкатегориального кроссинга как прототипический способ межкатегориального взаимодействия. Он детерминирует актуализацию различных примарно-таксисных категориальных ситуаций одновременности и разновременности в немецких высказываниях с девербативами и темпоральными предлогами.

The purpose of this paper is to identify a prototypical way of intercategorial interaction of taxis with functional-semantic categories and subcategories of aspectuality, temporality, temporal localization, iterativeness and phaseness. At the intersection of taxis and related categories and subcategories, “responsible” for the representation of temporal relations, the mechanism of intercategorical crossing is realized as a prototypical way of intercategorial interaction. It determines the actualization of various primary taxis categorical situations of simultaneity and non-simultaneity in German statements with deverbatives and temporal prepositions.
CE marking – An insignia for medical devices in european union
Authors: Nori Lakshmi Prasanthi , Teja P. , Jeevan Sai , Varma T Srinivas , Raju K. Venateswara
Published: April 2023

Now a day’s medical devices are being used at greater extent in many countries. Medical devices are marketed according to the compliance with the requirements of various regulatory bodies. For commercialization of medical devices in the European Union, a CE Mark certificate is needed. CEis a "European Conformity" is the translation of the French term "Conformité Européenne". It also significantly reduces the time and resources need to compile application for registration, easy in the self-declaration for medical devices, simplifies exchange of regulatory information between regulatory authorities and playing field good for export market CE marking is the medical device manufacturer’s claim that product meet all regulatory requirements for all relevant European Medical Device Directives. The CE mark is a legal requirement to place a device on the market in the EU. The intension of this presentation is to know about the regulatory requirements and to analyze the requirements for obtaining CE marking for medical devices and simplifying CE marking procedures for various medical devices. It is given based on the description of research design. The marking certification process undergoes six steps to affix the CE mark. At present system Notified bodies issues CE certificates valid for 3 years. For some High — risk devices validity period may only one year. However, the status of your CE certification is dependent on maintaining your quality system certification.
Formulation and evaluation of herbal syrup of ginger extract
Authors: Nerkar Amit Gajanan , Ghadge Srushti
Published: April 2023

Zingiber officinale is a plant found locally in India that is widely used as a flavoring agent in savory dishes such as curries and sweets such as cakes and biscuits, alcoholic beverages as well. like in tea. Ginger is a well-known herb, commonly used in traditional medicine all over the world. Ginger has been used for thousands of years to treat colds, nausea, arthritis, migraines, and high blood pressure. The many pharmacological activities of ginger are antiemetic, antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-arthritis, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic and cardiovascular. A chemical stimulant and an unsaturated liquid phenolic ketone C17H24O3 are responsible for the pungent taste of ginger. The main components of ginger are aromatic essential oils, antioxidants and pungent oleoresin. These aromatic or spicy compounds have been identified as C6H5C(O)CH3, known as a chemical stimulant, phenolic ketone unsaturated liquid C17H24O3 and Vanillylacetone. Lab-scale formulation is made with herbal syrup and evaluated for several parameters such as pH, viscosity, density, stability testing during formulation evaluation. is a stable and ready-to-know formula. F1, F2, F3 and F4 have been prepared with different amounts of ingredients such as alcohol, sugar and a final amount of syrup. Results show that Herbal Syrup Formula 4 (F4) is more stable than other forms.
Study of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV-infected patients and its relation to cd4 count and stage of HIV disease
Authors: Panthalla Vijaya Lakshmi , Nookala Sai Sreenivasulu , Kommala Penchalaiah
Published: April 2023

: HIV patients frequently have mucocutaneous manifestations, which could be the first sign of the infection and can also be prognostic markers for disease progression. This study was done to note the different mucocutaneous manifestations occurring in the people living with HIV/AIDS.

: One hundred ensuent HIV seropositive patients who attended the opd were included in the study.

: The bulk of the study participants were illiterate, had a mean age of 32, and a male to female ratio of 2:1. The patients' number of manifestations  ranged from 01 to 05. The most typical illnesses observed in this investigation were dermatophyte infections followed by oral candidiasis. The most frequent non-infectious symptoms observed in this investigation were SD and PPE. The most prevalent STI was herpes genitalis. Inversely correlated with CD4 level were the type, number, and severity of mucocutaneous symptoms. The number of manifestations and CD4 count were found to be inversely correlated.

The majority of PLHAs (55%) exhibited several manifestations. The majority of the manifestations are unusual, persistent, recurrent, and resistant to the therapy. Young patients presenting with extensive SD, PPE, OC, scrofuloderma, and HZ should encourage the clinician to investigate the patient's sero-reactivity status
E. Demolins' concept of pedagogy in the context of the reform movement “New Education”
Authors:   Vladimir Yuridical Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service, Semenov Ivan A.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The dispersion of didactic systems, the abundance of which is present in the modern world, prompts us to make some demarcation of these phenomena by analyzing a separate theory – natural education, using the example of the school (de)-Roche [fr. L’Ecole des Roches] of Edmond Demolins [fr. Edmond Demolins]. Theoretical analysis of the conducted research is based on the works of foreign and domestic scientists, mainly on the work «The Elementary School Teacher» by Edmond Demolins. Based on the analysis, a competence matrix of a «new education» teacher was developed, which meets the requirements of competitiveness and validity in the profession. In addition, based on the study of original and translated texts, the author outlined the position of contemporaries of the «school reform» in relation to the traditional teacher and the system of knowledge transfer to students in general. Conclusion. The assessment of the best practices of the «new education» represented by the Roche School of Edmond Demolins, allowed us to draw a number of conclusions that have theoretical and applied significance within the framework of the current direction of reforming national education. Firstly, the importance of the inner core of the student and the expediency of his free are stated. Secondly, it emphasizes the need for educational organizations to meet the needs of the student.
Healthy lifestyle: Philosophical dimension
Authors:   Saratov State University, Luzina Irina I.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of “healthy lifestyle” as a multidimensional phenomenon that requires complexity in the research process, and also substantiates the need to overcome the limitations of private scientific methodology. Philosophical understanding of the problem of health and the phenomenon of a healthy lifestyle is carried out in the modern context of the development of knowledge. Theoretical analysis. To substantiate the integrity, the intellectual potential of the philosophical tradition is involved, a critical analysis of the one-dimensionality of natural-scientific ideas about the corporeality of a person is carried out. The multifunctionality of a healthy lifestyle and its integration into the cultural and mental basis of modern civilization are analyzed. The potential of the ideas of idealism, realism, pragmatism and existentialism for the study of the problem of education and human development is revealed. The valeological component of life and health of the population of the country is indicated. The author’s vision of the phenomenon of a healthy lifestyle, as one of the phenomena of social life, is proposed. The role of education in the formation of a healthy lifestyle of the younger generation is determined. The consequences of the application of body-oriented practices as a new direction of culture are shown. Conclusion. It is generalized that a healthy lifestyle is a safe state of human existence. The necessity of creating a philosophy of a healthy lifestyle is substantiated.
Nostalgia for the USSR: Images of the Soviet era in the media and political practice of modern Russia
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tselykovsky Aleksey A.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the topic of research is due to the increased role of the Soviet historical legacy in modern socio-political practice. The images associated with the Soviet period of national history are quite actively exploited by modern political and media discourse. Theoretical analysis. The research is based on the hypothesis that the mechanism of influence of the Soviet past on political and media practice is revealed through the social phenomenon of nostalgia. At the same time, the phenomenon of nostalgia is considered in its two types: reflexive and restorative. The subject of the study is the images of the Soviet era, produced by the myth-making practice, as well as the role and meaning of these nostalgic mythological images. Conclusion. The carried out theoretical analysis leads to the conclusion that the reflexive type of nostalgia is characteristic for media practice, the restorative type – for political practice. Reflexive nostalgia manifests itself not so much in the reinterpretation of the past as in the construction of certain mythological images that contribute to a safer perception of the past. Restorative nostalgia attempts to return the most significant symbols to political discourse, adapting them to suit opportunistic political goals. Since these mythological images occupy a central place, they can become an effective way to overcome various crisis phenomena.
Psychological readiness of the NPP operational shift to work in emergency situations as a condition of its group reliability
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Tolstikov Vitaly V.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The article analyzes the phenomenon of psychological readiness of operational shifts of the nuclear power plant (NPP) to work in emergency situations. The study of operational shifts of nuclear power plants in this direction was conducted for the first time. Theoretical analysis. Psychological readiness is a condition for the formation of such a characteristic of an operational shift as group reliability, which, in turn, is the most important prerequisite for a safe and reliable work shift. Theoretical analysis indicates that group reliability of an operational shift is a characteristic that is actualized precisely in the conditions of the development of an emergency situation. Willingness to work effectively in emergency situations is a factor that significantly increases the chances of adequate actions in real conditions. Еmpirical analysis. The empirical study found that the overwhelming majority of the investigated operational shifts characterized by an average and above average level of psychological readiness for action in an emergency situation, while no shifts with a low or high level were revealed. Conclusion. Such results may indicate that this psychological condition of group reliability in operational shifts of the NPP is sufficiently well-formed. Nevertheless, the psychological service should work to strengthen the psychological readiness of units for action in emergency situations.
Humor as an effective tool for teaching a foreign language at the university
Authors:   Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Ivanova Victoriia A.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The need for research is due to the deterioration of the psychological well-being of students in the conditions of periodic introduction of self-isolation and distance learning. Teachers of higher education point out that, even after returning to the traditional format of education, many students continue to experience anxiety and tension, especially when performing tasks aimed at teaching oral foreign language speech. To ease such tension and overcome the difficulties caused by it, it is necessary to use various forms of humor in the learning process. Theoretical analysis. The article discusses theoretical approaches to the use of humor in teaching and summarizes the experience of using different types of humor in the practice of teaching English to future IT professionals. Empirical analysis. The empirical research method has been used in the form of a group survey of 67 1st–year students on the basis of SPbSUT. The research task is to find out how students feel about the use of humor in foreign language classes. Conclusion. This study confirms that most students (86%) support the use of humor in classes at the university and note its positive impact. In addition, according to the results of the survey, it was revealed which forms of humor students consider to be the most effective in teaching a foreign language, and which are considered unacceptable by them.
Subjective well-being in its relation to various forms of activity of the student youth
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shamionov Rail M.
Published: April 2023

Social activity is the sphere of students’ personal socialization and fulfillment. The study of interconnection between adherence to various forms of social activity and characteristics of subjective well-being allows unveiling the most general parameters of student activity’s consistence and personal orientation. The purpose of the study is to carry our analysis of the interconnection between subjective well-being characteristics and social activity forms. It is assumed that various forms of activity have the potential for satisfying students’ psychological needs and creating a balance between the desired and the real situation. Participants. 215 university students of Russia (aged from 17 to 27; the mean age was М = 20,2; SD = 2.44 (42.3% males). Measurements. The following techniques were used: questionnaire for defining major demographic characteristics and adherence to various forms of activity that were classified as follows: civil-political, protest-subcultural, spiritual-educational, and leisure activity, to define subjective well-being characteristics we used the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (M. M. Johnston, S. Finney); Subjective well-being scale (S. Lyubomirsky, H. Lepper); Life satisfaction scale (E. Diener); Social frustration technique (L. I. Wasserman). Results. The cognitive component of subjective well-being in students is coupled with their desire for civil and political participation, volunteerism, potential development, and education. Emotional component is positively correlated with implementation of spiritual search, educational activity, self-development; it is negatively correlated with protest forms of activity and participation in sub-cultural movements. It has been found out that leisure forms of activity are correlated with satisfaction of basic needs for autonomy, competence and pertinence; protest-subcultural forms of activity do not fully promote satisfaction of the need for autonomy and competence; students’ adherence to civil-political and spiritual-educational activity is linked with satisfaction of their need for competence. Conclusions. The most psychologically-tense forms of students’ social activity are the protest ones, as well as participation in subcultural movements; they are related to basic needs’ frustration and social frustration.
Special Education and Socio-Cultural Integration – 2022: Traditions and Innovations (results of the scientific forum)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Selivanova Julia V. , Skvortsova Veronika O. ,   Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

The article presents the information about the international scientific and practical conference “Special Education and Socio-Cultural Integration – 2022: Traditions and Innovations” that was held on 14–15 October 2022. The conference continues the tradition of annual scientific and practical conferences devoted to the problems of special (defectologic) education, to the formation of a unified scientific, educational and information space in the field of correctional (special) pedagogy and psychology, and to providing a comprehensive medical, social, psychological and pedagogical approach to the support of the disabled.
Engelli Çocuğa Sahip Annelerde Yas Süreci
Authors: GÖREN Ayşe
Published: April 2023

Kayıp ve yas deneyimi, yaşamın doğal bir parçasıdır. Her insan hayatının farklı dönemlerinde çok çeşitli kayıplar yaşar ve bu kayıplar için yas tutar. Bu anlamda kayıp ve yas evrenseldir. Yas bir iyileşme sürecidir. Yas denildiğinde akla ilk gelen ölüm olmakla beraber, aslında kişi için anlamlı olan herşeyin kaybı yasa sebep olur. Yaşanan yas tepkilerinin şekli süresi ve boyutu, kaybın türüne, kaybın birey için anlamına ve yaşamındaki yerine, kültüre, inanca, kaybın gerçekleşme biçimine göre değişkenlik göstermektedir. Kayıp sonrasında yas sürecinin ertelenmeyerek yaşanması gerekir. Sağlıklı bir çocuk bekleyen anne-babalar için zihinsel engelli bir çocuğa sahip olduğunu öğrenmek de, aynı şekilde ebeveyni bir yas sürecine sokmaktadır. Bu makalede, doğumla beraber zihinsel engelli bir çocuğa sahip olduğunu öğrenen annelerin yas tepkileri ve geçirdikleri yas aşamaları Kübler-Ross'un aşama modeli bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak annelerin bu süreçte tipik yas tepkileri vererek, yas aşamalarından geçtikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca engelli çocuğa sahip annelerin yas sürecini sağlıklı atlatabilmek için yas danışmanlığı içeren psikolojik desteğe ihtiyaç duyabileceği görülmüştür.
Potentiometric Studies on Binary and Ternary Complexes of Ni(II) and Cu(II) Ions with L-Valine and Paracetamol
Authors: ALABBASI Aisha , BELKHER Nouria Ali , AHMİDA Khadija , ZİDAN Mohamed
Published: April 2023

The protonation constants of the free ligands and the stability constants of binary and ternary complexes of bivalent metal ions of Ni(II) and Cu(II) with a biologically important amino acid of L-valine, Val, and paracetamol, Para, were studied potentiometrically in aqueous solutions at 313.15 ± 0.1 K and a fixed ionic strength of I = 0.10 M NaCl. The complexation model for each system was established using the Irving-Rossotti equation. The formation of the 1:2 or 1:1 binary complexes and 1:1:1 ternary complexes in which the amino acid Val was used as the primary ligand and Para as the secondary ligand, as inferred from the corresponding potentiometric pH-metric titration curves, and their relative stabilities compared to the corresponding ML and ML2 binary complexes are expressed in terms of statistical parameters ∆logK, logK1 and logK2. The complex stability was found to follow the order of Cu(II) > Ni(II). Through these diagnostic studies, it was possible to give the general formula of compounds prepared from amino acids and paracetamol. Amino acid binds to the central ion through oxygen in the hydroxyl group and nitrogen atom in the amine group (-NH2), whereas paracetamol forms a unipolar bond by binding to the concentrated ion through the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group. Most of the nickel complexes had octahedral symmetry with valine and paracetamol ligands, while the copper complexes had square or hierarchical to square base symmetry.
Diversidad lingüística en el Perú precolonial
Authors: Adelaar Willem F.H.
Published: April 2023

En conexión con la historia de la literatura, el tema de este volumen, es importante señalar que cada lengua, identificable o no, indudablemente benefició de una tradición literaria oral distinta cuya esencia podría haberse mantenido en forma sublimada hasta el día presente. Vale decir que una parte de los temas narrativos y del simbolismo encontrados en la literatura oral quechua, aimara o castellanoandina tendrán sus raíces en sociedades etnolingüísticas desplazadas o sumergidas. Si no es posible reconstruir el pasado andino en todos sus detalles y características, es necesario por lo menos guardar en mente la complejidad perdida y su inevitable importancia para la expresión literaria en el ambiente sociocultural andino actual.
Sobre identificaciones, congruencia religiosa y la autonomía de personas creyentes
Authors: Rabbia M Hugo Hernán
Published: April 2023

El presente capítulo explora y reflexiona sobre estos aspectos, a partir de considerar las narrativas espirituales y autobiográficas de las personas entrevistadas en la ciudad de Córdoba. Nos interesa, en primer término, poner en- ,.discusión la insuficiencia de la identificación religiosa para dar cuenta de los complejos y heterogéneos modos en que las personas viven su religión y/ o espiritualidad en su vida cotidiana. Seguidamente, se introduce una discusión sobre los modos en que las personas buscan construir un registro autónomo de sus creencias, prácticas y posiciones en materia religiosa. Advertimos cuatro expresiones de autonomía que aparecen en las narrativas que hemos analizado y que podrían ayudar a clarificar, al menos desde una perspectiva individual, cómo las personas reivindican una retórica de autonomía eri su religión vivida
Creyentes sin religión y ateos en el laico Uruguay
Authors: Costa Néstor da
Published: April 2023

Un segmento creciente de la población latinoamericana se define a sí misma como personas sin religión o sin religión de pertenencia. Dentro de ese segmento encontramos dos grandes grupos: por un lado, aquellos que se definen como no creyentes en Dios, los «ateos», y, por otro, quienes se definen como creyentes, pero sin que esa creencia se exprese a través de una institución religiosa, los «creyentes no afiliados» o «creyentes sin iglesia».
Apropiaciones mediáticas de la religiosidad vivida
Authors: Pérez Vela Rolando
Published: April 2023

Este capítulo plantea un acercamiento a la religiosidad vivida desde las prácticas del consumo de las llamadas «industrias culturales», mediatizadas por las tecnologías de la comunicación. Las lecturas consignadas aquí corresponden al análisis de los discursos y prácticas de religiosidad en los creyentes en Lima que, como se señaló, es una ciudad marcada por un intenso proceso de pluralización religiosa y resignificación de los sentidos de pertenencia a las comunidades tradicionales de fe.
Pensar los cuerpos, pensar las prácticas religiosas una aproximación desde mujeres católicas de Córdoba
Authors: Olmos Rebellato Franco
Published: April 2023

De un tiempo a esta parte las ciencias sociales de la religión han prestado una atención cada vez mayor al cuerpo, ubicándolo como lugar privilegiado de la experiencia religiosa. Como bien señala el sociólogo argentino Pablo Semán, «es ya un lugar común en las ciencias sociales de la religión que ésta no es el reino de lo inmaterial y lo intangible» (2003:16). En efecto, la preocupación de las religiones no sólo está en la salvación del alma de sus fieles, sino también en los «asuntos de este mundo»; de esta forma, por ejemplo, es común ver a iglesias, organizaciones y referentes religiosos participar de los diferentes debates públicos.
Religión vivida desde una perspectiva de género
Authors: Brusoni Camila
Published: April 2023

El presente capítulo plantea diversas articulaciones entre género y religión surgidas de las entrevistas realizadas en la ciudad de Montevideo. Las mismas se abordan, principalmente, a través del análisis sobre aquello que las personas entrevistadas reflexionan desde una distinción de género en sus vivencias religiosas y espirituales y también en su vínculo con las religiones. En paralelo, como otra dimensión analizaré desde una perspectiva más transversal las particularidades y diferencias que surgen entre el relato de las entrevistadas mujeres y los entrevistados varones, sobre cómo otorgan sentido a su experiencia espiritual o religiosa en clave de género.