bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy efficiency of electric and diesel drilling rigs for gold ore quarry mines
Authors: Pichuev Alexandr , Osipov Dmitry , Vladimirsky Vadim , Khronenko Mikhail
Published: July 2022

The mining industry is increasingly deploying greener technologies to ensure its operations are more energy efficient and environment-friendly. In this paper, we analyzed aspects of energy efficiency of drilling rigs for open-pit mines. Electric and diesel golden ore drilling rigs were compared in regards of efficiency indicators. A hypothesis of probability distribution of energy indicators correlating with sustainability of mining equipment.
The Relationship of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: OCAK Özgül , ŞAHİN Erkan Melih , ÇAM Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between thyroid hormone levels and the motor symptoms of Parkinson's patients.
Material and Methods: Neurology clinic logs of the patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and whose thyroid function tests were measured between 01.01.2018 and 01.04.2021 were selected. Those with primary thyroid hormone disorder were excluded. Motor symptom stages were determined according to the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale (mHYS) by records. According to the thyroid function test results, whether there was a difference in motor symptoms, duration of the disease, and effects of the drugs were examined.
Results: Of the 93 patients included in the study, 53 (57.0%) were male and 40 (43.0%) were female. The median age of the patients was 71 years. The motor symptoms of the patients were classified as stage 1 in 21 (22.6%), stage 1.5 in 18 (19.4%), stage 2 in 29 (31.2%), stage 2.5 in 13 (14.0%), stage 3 in 4 (4.3%), stage 4 in 6 (6.5%), and stage 5 in 2 (2.2%) patients. The median levels of TSH, fT3, and fT4 were 2.075 uIU/ml, 2.925 ng/dl, and 1.235 ng/dl, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the mHYS stages of the patients and TSH (r=-0.148, p=0.164), fT3 (r=-0.073, p=0.623), and fT4 levels (r=0.075, p=0.491).
Conclusion: There was no relationship between the severity of motor symptoms and hormone levels in patients with normal thyroid functions. Thyroid dysfunction may mimic many motor findings, but they do not affect the severity of motor findings in Parkinson's patients.
While the Laparoscopic Appendectomy Is the Gold Standard in the Treatment of Acute Appendicitis, What Should Be the Preference for Closure of the Appendix Stump?
Authors: YEŞİLTAŞ Metin , ALEMDAR Ali
Published: July 2022

Aim: While laparoscopic appendectomy is the gold standard in the treatment of acute appendicitis, there is no consensus on reliable closure of the appendix stump. The aim of this study was to examine appendiceal stump closure techniques and their reliability during laparoscopic appendectomy.
Material and Methods: Between January 2019 and August 2021, 692 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, length of hospital stay, pathology, appendix stump closure methods, operation time, complications, and cost results were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: Intracorporeal knotting (ICK) was used in 66.9% (n=463), and endoclip (EC) was used in 33.1% (n=229) of the patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of length of hospital stay (p=0.054). While the mean operative time was 55.1±15.6 minutes in the ICK group, it was 45.7±16.5 minutes in the EC group (p<0.001). The general complication rate was 1.7% (n=12). While the complication rate was 2.2% (n=10) in ICK group, it was 0.9% (n=2) in EC group (p=0.354). While pericecal hematoma and ileus were seen only in the ICK group, the fistula was seen only in the EC group. EC was found to be more costly than ICK (p<0.001).
Conclusion: It was concluded that closure of the appendix stump with an EC in patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy is more useful, regardless of the severity of appendicitis, with a shorter operation time and shorter length of hospital stay, low complication rate, and ease of application.
Slavistična prepletanja 4
Authors: Nikolovski Gjoko , Ulčnik Natalija
Published: July 2022

Znanstvena monografija Slavistična prepletanja 4 prinaša petnajst prispevkov, razporejenih v tri tematske sklope. Prvi sklop slovanske jezike postavlja v širši družbeni in kulturni kontekst, se dotika družbene kritičnosti, stereotipizacije ter jezikovnopolitičnih in jezikovnokulturnih tem. Drugi sklop je namenjen poučevanju in učenju slovanskih jezikov kot neprvih jezikov, zlasti v južnoslovanskem jezikovnem prostoru. Tretji sklop združuje literarnovedne in književnodidaktične raziskave, ki literarna dela v slovanskih jezikih prikažejo v luči kulturnih konceptov in izobraževalnih sistemov. Obravnavane teme so le nekatere od raziskovalnih izzivov slavističnih jezikoslovnih raziskav, ki so aktualne tako z vidika raziskovalnih tematik kot tudi metodologij.
Kulturne študije in sodobni slovenski detektivski romani: obstoječe raziskave in možni raziskovalni pristopi
Authors: Mlačnik Primož
Published: July 2022

Prispevek predstavi možne raziskovalne pristope k preučevanju sodobnih slovenskih detektivskih romanov, katerih priljubljenost lahko zaradi zgodovinske konservativnosti detektivskega žanra razumemo v kontekstu evropskega in globalnega družbenopolitičnega konservativnega obrata kot tudi prehoda od socialne države v neoliberalno državo. V prvem delu predstavimo analitična orodja dekonstrukcije binarnih nasprotij, ki odkrivajo značilne kulturne reprezentacije. V nadaljevanju pokažemo, da lahko s semiološko analizo detektivskih sledi odkrivamo značilno slovenske svete objekte. V zadnjem delu predstavimo kritično analizo estetike umorov, s katero lahko odkrivamo romaneskne vzorce značilno slovenskih umorov in prisotnost politike na neobičajnih mestih.
Contemporary Conception of Family in Croatian Novels for Children and Young Adults by Means of the Example of the Novels by Jasminka Tihi-Stepanić
Authors: Živković Zebec Vedrana , Ćavar Iva
Published: July 2022

Jasminka Tihi-Stepanić is a contemporary Croatian author for children and young adults. She successfully depicts childhood, growing up and youth in the 21st century and brings various current issues that surrounding contemporary childhood and adolescence. In her novels she depicts different family types and family (non)functioning effects on identity formation of children and youth. Family pictures in novels of Jasminka Tihi-Stepanić emphasize the importance of the family community and the importance of the role of parents in the life of the child and young adult.
Pouk slovenščine kot tujega jezika v južnoslovanskem jezikovnem okolju
Authors: Đukanović Maja , Kovačević Borko
Published: July 2022

V prispevku so predstavljene posebnosti pouka slovenščine kot sorodnega južnoslovanskega jezika na različnih ravneh učenja. V prvem delu prispevka je obravnavan status slovenščine v južnoslovanskih državah; na podlagi zbranih podatkov je predstavljena razlika v pogojih za učenje in ohranjanje slovenskega jezika, književnosti in kulture. Drugi del prispevka je namenjen predstavitvi posebnosti pri poučevanju sorodnih jezikov, in sicer s stališča poučevanja slovenščine v drugih južnoslovanskih jezikovnih okoljih. V tretjem delu so povzete najpogostejše napake govorcev različnih južnoslovanskih jezikov pri učenju slovenščine, in sicer s področja glasoslovja, oblikoslovja in skladnje. Poseben poudarek je na medjezikovnih homonimih, ki povzročajo številne težave ne samo za učence, ampak tudi v komunikaciji med govorci južnoslovanskih jezikov nasploh.
Besednodružinski slovar slovenskega jezika kot tujega jezika
Authors: Kern Boris
Published: July 2022

V prispevku je predstavljen koncept Besednodružinskega slovarja slovenščine kot tujega jezika, ki nastaja na Inštitutu za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU. Predstavljeni bodo namen, vsebina, zgradba in predviden obseg slovarja. Slovar bo v prvi vrsti namenjen govorkam_cem slovenščine kot tujega jezika na različnih ravneh znanja (od A1 do C2), posebna različica (modul) pa bo namenjen učenkam_cem s slovenščino kot prvim jezikom. Slovar je izhodiščno zasnovan kot spletni slovar, pri čemer bo spletni prostor omogočil ustrezen in pregleden prikaz tvorjenk po posameznih ravneh znanja.
​The Enforceability of Farming Agreements in India-Insights from a Legal Perspective
Authors: Chaitra V.
Published: July 2022

Background: The recently passed and repealed farming agreement legislation in India was designed to empower the farmers to enter into contracts with the agri-business firms, exporters, wholesalers, retailers to directly trade their farm produce outside the designated APMC market. An exploration of the studies relevant to farming agreements/contract farming indicates that it has promising benefits in terms of security, increased income and quality production only if the parties engage in fair contractual practices.
Methods: In this context the present paper critically examines the text of the repealed farming agreement legislation in India by largely focussing upon the provisions that are connected with the enforceability of farming contracts. Result: As the contractual relationship between the parties is the vital element in the successful implementation of the farming agreements, this paper has spelt out the statutory provisions that safeguard the interest of both the parties and also those ambiguous provisions that were likely to give scope for exploitation of small farmers. In conclusion, the responsibility of the government and other stakeholders is discussed to boost the enforceability of farming agreements in India and concrete suggestions are given to secure and protect the rights of both the parties involved in it.
ESTRUTURAÇÃO NATURAL DE PAISAGENS DA ZONA DA MATA DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Jatobá Lucivânio , Florentino Silva Alineaurea
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem por fi nalidade analisar a contribuição de dois geógrafos pernambucanos que pioneiramente, na década de 1960, apresentaram uma proposta de divisão da Zona da Mata pernambucana. Procurou-se ampliar a descrição desses autores para o espaço mencionado e empregar novos instrumentos técnicos fornecidos pela Moderna Cartografia ao estudo. Para a realização deste trabalho, procedeu-se uma ampla pesquisa bibliográfica sobre os principais aspectos do quadro natural da porção leste de Pernambuco e uma análise dos textos clássicos da Geografia Física que tratam dos vários elementos da paisagem, além da gênese e evolução da compartimentação do relevo da Zona da Mata pernambucana. Foram empregadas na análise Cartas SRTM, em escalas diversas, imagens do Google Earth e cartas altimétricas. A análise climática foi feita a partir da interpretação de dados mensais e anuais de séries históricas da SUDENE e as fornecidas pela Agência Pernambucana de Águas e Clima-APAC.
PADRÕES DE RELEVO DA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO CARIRI PARAIBANO: UMA CONTRIBUIÇÃO À CARTOGRAFIA GEOMORFOLÓGICA SEMIÁRIDA
Authors: Albuquerque Xavier Rafael , Israel de Souza Bartolomeu , Celly Morais Cardoso Eini , Da Silva Seabra Vinícius
Published: July 2022

Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do Cariri situa-se na porção semiárida do Planalto da Borborema, na Paraíba, abrangendo o Bioma da Caatinga. A unidade de conservação apresenta importantes resquícios de vegetação, sítios arqueológicos e expressivo patrimônio geomorfológico desenvolvido sobre rochas graníticas. Criada no ano de 2004, a APA não possuí Plano de Manejo nem Zoneamento Ambiental. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho visa contribuir com o conhecimento dos aspectos físicos da APA, através da realização do mapeamento das formas de relevo e sua compartimentação. Para tanto, foi utilizada a metodologia do IBGE com algumas adaptações. O mapeamento foi elaborado na setorização de parâmetros do relevo, como a declividade e a amplitude em bacias de segunda ordem.Os resultados mostraram um relevo bastante dissecado, caracterizando superfícies aplainadase colinas amplas suaves, intercalado por morros e serras estruturais condicionados pelaresistência das rochas ao intemperismo. O modelo digital de elevação Topodata mostrou-seefi ciente na automatização do processo de segmentação das classes de relevo.
SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NO NORDESTE: METAS, DESAFIOS E INVESTIMENTOS
Authors: Maria da Conceição dos Santos Solange , Roberto Pinto Francisco , Silvio Dantas de Morais João , De Claudino-Sales Vanda
Published: July 2022

Este estudo, constituído através de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, investigou e apresentou dados referentes ao cenário do saneamento básico – nos segmentos abastecimento de água e coleta e tratamento de esgoto – no Brasil, com ênfase na Região Nordeste. A partir dos dados coletados realizou-se uma análise com o objetivo de evidenciar os desafi os para a ampliação do acesso a esses serviços até o ano de 2033, segundo a meta de longo prazo estabelecidas pelo PLANSAB, em diálogo com a Lei nº 11.445/2007. Os resultados encontrados indicam a existência de desigualdade regional, e apontaram alguns desafi os a serem superados (alto valor de investimento, desigualdade urbana e rural e baixo poder aquisitivo). Para tanto entende-se que será necessário um esforço conjunto dos Entes Estatais, de modo a garantir até 2033, na Região Nordeste, o acesso universal aos serviços de água potável, coleta e tratamento de esgoto.
A GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR NA DÉCADA DE 1930 NA PARAÍBA: PRESCRIÇÕES DIDÁTICAS A PARTIR DA REVISTA DO ENSINO
Authors: Mara de Lima Dias Angélica , Adailza Martins de Albuquerque Maria
Published: July 2022

A Revista do Ensino foi um órgão ofi cial da imprensa educacional do estado da Paraíba que circulou durante os anos de 1932 a 1942, compreendendo um período marcado pelo movimento de renovação educacional (inspirado nas ideias da Escola Nova) e de uma política nacionalista empreendida pelo governo de Getúlio Vargas. Neste trabalho, temos por objetivo analisar a disciplina de Geografi a no período em tela, a partir das prescrições contidas nos Programas de Ensino Primário nos anos de 1932 e 1936,publicados na Revista do Ensino. Como procedimento metodológico, nos debruçamos na catalogação, análise e sistematização dos exemplares da Revista do Ensino (PB) e, mais especifi camente, dos dois Programas de Geografi a para o Ensino Primário publicados nos anos de 1932 e 1936. Como resultados, nossa pesquisa mostra quão os impressos pedagógicos são férteis na compreensão do contexto educacional em que estão inseridos, constituindo-se fontes privilegiadas para a compreensão da Geografi a escolar.
MEDIDA DA VARIAÇÃO DA LINHA DE COSTA E MUDANÇAS MORFOLÓGICAS DAS PRAIAS “BARREIRAS” E DO “FAROL” EM CAMOCIM, ESTADO DO CEARÁ, NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: De Claudino-Sales Vanda , De Sousa Marques Eduardo , De Souza Pinheiro Lidriana
Published: July 2022

A variação posicional da linha de costa é resultante do incessante mecanismo de transporte e deposição de sedimentos, estando sujeita a grande dinâmica natural, modificada a partir da ação de inúmeros agentes naturais e antropogênicos. Este artigo tem o objetivo de medir a variação da linha de costa e as mudanças morfológicas das praias das Barreiras e do Farol, no município de Camocim, litoral oeste do Estado do Ceará, no intervalo de tempo de um ano (abril de 2018 a maio de 2019). A metodologia utilizada foi de quantificar as áreas acrescidas e erodidas no ano de 2019 a partir de uma linha de costa vetorizada do ano de 2018, utilizando o método do polígono de mudanças. Observa-se a ocorrência da variação da linha de costa por processos naturais, bem como a erosão das feições costeiras causada por usos e ocupações inadequadas da área, resultando em altas taxas de recuo da linha de costa, o que coloca em risco as estruturas das propriedades particulares e públicas, ameaçando ainda o equilíbrio ambiental local.
Geografia francesa (século XX), região e ensino de Geografia no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Teixeira de Almeida Cecilia
Published: July 2022

Esse artigo pretende expor o debate regional através daqueles autores mais signifi cativos da Escola Francesa de Geografia, para refletir se essa temática cabe ou não no ensino fundamental e médio, na escola pública brasileira. Esse nosso interesse se dá em função das novas diretrizes para a formação escolar em que apontam para o ensino das categorias geográficas, como um de seus propósitos. Aspiramos deixar algumas ponderações e indagações para o conjunto de profissionais que estão na escola pública e inseridos nesse contexto de mudança.
DE UMA GEOGRAFIA DO SOM PARA UMA GEOGRAFIA DAS MÃOS: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA CONSTRUÇÃO DE CONCEITOS GEOGRÁFICOS EM LIBRAS
Authors: Jurado Ramos Débora , Aparecida Porfírio da Silva Jéssica , Conceição Gomes Junior Estevão
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo é um esforço no debate sobre a educação geográfica para surdos e a problemática da tradução de conceitos científicos das línguas ouvintes para a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS). A partir da leitura de teóricos que abordam a questão, tais como Heidegger (1997, 2003) e Berman (1999) construiu-se uma trajetória que nos direciona à compreensão das questões da língua e da tradução. Para tanto, partiu-se da categoria geográfica paisagem para demonstrar a relação dessa palavra com as culturas que a criaram. A partir disso, compreendeu-se que, a tradução sempre se mostra com falhas, tal como enunciado pelo ditado italiano tradutore, traditore. Se toda tradução é traidora, como se dá a construção de conceitos geográfi cos na educação de surdos? Essa barreira não se pode superar, porém, evoca-se nesse artigo a urgência da construção de conceitos geográfi cos pelos surdos em LIBRAS e possíveis caminhos a serem percorridos neste processo.
CIDADANIAS NEGADAS E A POPULAÇÃO SURDA: APROXIMAÇÕES TEÓRICAS ACERCA DOS EQUIPAMENTOS COMUNITÁRIOS DE SAÚDE NA CIDADE DE LONDRINA
Authors: Strazzi da Silva Gabriel , Lopes Fonseca Ricardo
Published: July 2022

Discutir o direito à cidade é ato necessário se queremos viver em uma sociedade mais equânime para toda população, sem fazer distinção de classe social, raça, crença ou defi ciência. É dever do estado garantir o direito à saúde das pessoas surdas ou com defi ciência auditiva, capacitando os profissionais dos serviços de saúde para o uso de Libras, pois, somente deste modo, será possível proporcionar acessibilidade à população. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é proporcionar reflexões sobre a inclusão social da população surda de Londrina-PR aos equipamentos comunitários da saúde, com enfoque nas UPA e UBS. A presença do surdo na sociedade é inegavelmente existente e conhecida por toda população, independentemente de sua classe social e/ou econômica, presente no cotidiano da grande maioria das cidades brasileiras. Reconhecendo este cenário, o texto deste trabalho também se propõe a abordar o direito à cidade como condição inerente à classe social,porém, com ênfase para a parcela da população que mais necessita de melhores condições de vida, com acesso a trabalho, educação, moradia, lazer, cultura e saúde.
MORRO DA GAMELA (MONTE HOREBE): DE PARQUE URBANO MUNICIPAL A LUGAR SAGRADO1
Authors: Lemos Sathler Maicon , Oliveira Freire Ana Lucy
Published: July 2022

Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar e pensar o espaço em suas múltiplas formas e representações, tarefa sobre a qual a Geografia e os geógrafos têm se debruçado desde suas origens. Para isso, assumem-se suas variadas escalas e valorações, como diversas categorias de análise, evoluindo na medida em que novos significados vão lhe sendo atribuídos, recriados ou resgatados, frequentemente assentados em ações humanas intencionais, resultados de processos culturais, econômicos, políticos e sociais. Diversos olhares e prismas poderão ser entendidos como as lentes pelas quais serão observados na tentativa de serem compreendidos de maneira interdisciplinar e totalizadora, características basilares da Geografia Humana.
ORIGEM, EVOLUÇÃO E SUSTENTABILIDADE DA PAISAGEM DOS MARES DE MORROS
Authors: De Oliveira Resende Leonardo , Felipe Guanaes Rego Luiz , Afonso Nobre Carlos , Seger Pereira Mercedes Sonia
Published: July 2022

A forma com que a sociedade se apropria dos recursos naturais complexifica e fragiliza a resiliência dos ecossistemas, acelerando a degradação do seu próprio meio. A paisagem brasileira dos Mares de Morros é formada por uma cadeia de montanhas pertencentes ao Planalto Atlântico, abrangendo 13 estados brasileiros. Se, por um lado, a topografia declivosa limita a mecanização, aumentando as fragilidades socioeconômicas, por outro, intensifica os riscos de degradação ambiental, sobretudo quando associada ao sobrepastoreio do gado. Esta pesquisa revisou 748 documentos acadêmicos e não acadêmicos produzidos entre 1963 e 2020, com o objetivo de sintetizar a origem, a evolução e a sustentabilidade dos Mares de Morros, a fim de que esses conhecimentos sejam aplicados na produção sustentável de alimentos. A pesquisa realizada sinaliza que a falta de conhecimento do contexto dos processos históricos dessa paisagem contribuiu para intensificar o ciclo de degradação antropogênica, sendo a matriz extrativo-agroexportadora dos recursos naturais adotada pelos sistemas produtivos considerada como seu principal vetor. Também foi identificada a existência de sistemas de produção modernos e inteligentes, capazes de iniciar um novo ciclo produtivo e sustentável para essa paisagem, mesmo em terras não mecanizáveis, que trazem uma perspectiva positiva para a reversão desse cenário.
A REALIDADE MATERIAL E SOCIAL DA FOME
Authors: Misael Ferreira do Vale José
Published: July 2022

O autor do presente texto realiza a releitura do livro Geografia da Fome (GF) do Geógrafo Doutor Josué Apolônio de Castro com a preocupação básica de ressaltar aspectos fundamentais de sua tese sobre alimentação e fome no Brasil.
APLICAÇÃO DE EXTRATOS DE SECURIDACA LONGEPEDUNCULATA EM EXPERIÊNCIAS ESCOLARES DE QUÍMICAS*
Authors: Cláudio Minisso Isac , Alfredo Gueze Geraldo , Lopes de Oliveira Gisele
Published: July 2022

Os extratos vegetais vem sendo utilizados desde século XVII como materiais didáticos, especificamente como indicadores de substâncias químicas. Diante de situações de carência de materiais e reagentes, os professores são chamados a serem criativos, usando meios mais disponíveis no seu contexto. Este estudo foi desenvolvido com objetivo de avaliar o efeito dos extratos da casca de caule de Securidaca longepedunculata para a demonstração da influência dos fatores cinéticos na velocidade das reações químicas. A matéria vegetal foi seca e processada em pó. A pesquisa foi experimental com quatro ensaios destinados para demonstrar a influência dos catalisadores, concentração, superfície de contato e temperatura. Os resultados alcançados mostram que os extratos apresentam efeitos visuais perante o dicromato de potássio, os procedimentos didáticos são fáceis de uso e que o tornam um reagente capaz de demostrar a influência dos fatores sobre a velocidade de uma reação química.
Chapter 12. “You’re Invited to the Rejection Party” and Other Strategies for Normalizing Rejection and Failure as Part of the Research Process
Authors: Haeger Heather , Oehlman Natasha
Published: July 2022

Undergraduate research can facilitate remarkable achievements and successes, but experiences of failure in research can be just as transformative. Experiencing failure can communicate to students that they do not belong in their field or in research, but reframing those experiences can help students persist and catalyze their learning and development. This case study presents interventions developed at California State University, Monterey Bay aimed at normalizing failure in the research process, recognizing failure and rejection as part of academic success, and utilizing failure as a catalyst for growth. The authors use interviews and written reflections from a diverse group of undergraduate researchers to understand how students make meaning out of experiences of failure and rejection, as well as the factors that shape how students respond to these challenges.
Can straw based enrichment treat tail biting in pigs?
Authors: Liston Abigail
Published: July 2022

PICO question

Can straw based enrichment be used successfully as a treatment intervention to reduce tail biting injuries in weaner to finisher pigs housed in indoor farming systems?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

Three papers were critically reviewed. All three papers answered the PICO question and matched the inclusion criteria for this Knowledge Summary, providing moderate evidence. One non-randomised controlled trial and two randomised controlled trials.

Strength of evidence

Moderate

Outcomes reported

Veit et al. (2016) found that straw based enrichment can reduce tail biting, similarly, Larson et al. (2018) found straw based enrichment could reduce tail biting, however, other factors contribute more so to reducing tail biting. Haigh et al. (2019) did not find evidence to suggest straw-based enrichment could reduce tail biting. Triggers for tail biting injuries are multifaceted, therefore enrichment alone will not eliminate pen mate manipulation

Conclusion

In view of the strength of evidence and the outcomes from the studies the following conclusions have been made; it is expected that these findings provide enough evidence to encourage farmers to introduce novel straw based enrichment as a treatment measure, however it would be most effective if other husbandry factors could be considered in addition

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Historical context of the origins of the biological-ecological approach to plant protection
Authors: Kőmíves Tamás
Published: July 2022

This Editorial paper is to introduce the two Research Articles in this issue of Ecocycles. The first one is an edited and annotated translation of the study originally published by Dr. Boldizsar Nagy (a young scientist working at the Plant Protection Research Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of Hungary) in 1957. Unfortunately, the paper appeared in Hungarian in a relatively obscure local journal that existed for less than 15 years. As you will see in the excellent English translation of the article (translated, edited, and annotated by Bela Darvas and Andras Szekacs), Nagy's ideas were revolutionary and way ahead of their time. He suggested moving plant protection away from spraying with pesticides to the direction of biology and ecology. His paper is excellent reading, and I would like to use this Editorial to strongly recommend it to anyone interested in plants and protecting plants against harmful pests.
Propuesta de uso de cenizas de cáscara de arroz y fibras de polipropileno en diseños de mezclas de concreto para el control de fisuras en losas macizas entrepiso in-situ en la ciudad de Lima
Authors:   , Cano Duplex Bryan Alexander , Galarza Mateo Edwin Jean Marco
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación fue elaborada con el fin de estudiar la influencia que tiene el agregar cenizas de cascara de arroz (CCA) y fibras de polipropileno (FPP) en la fisuración por contracción plástica del concreto. El estudio de investigación tuvo lugar en la ciudad de Lima, donde nos enfocamos a investigar las propiedades plásticas y mecánicas de un concreto f´c=210 kg/cm2, que se utiliza comúnmente en la fabricación de losas macizas, con reemplazo parcial del cemento por CCA en porcentajes de 5%, 10% y 15% respecto a su peso, y FPP en rendimiento de 900 gr/m3. Las principales propiedades en estado endurecido fueron investigadas, la resistencia a la compresión y la resistencia a la flexión y la propiedad en estado plástico que se desarrolló fue la fisuración debido a la contracción plástica a través del ensayo ASTM C1579. Teniendo en cuenta que no existe un acuerdo relativo al ancho de fisura máxima en un elemento estructural, se decidió utilizar límites entre 0.2 a 0.4 mm, para ambientes normales, sugeridos por el Mg. Ing. Gianfranco Ottazzi. De los resultados obtenidos, la mezcla adicionada con CCA en reemplazo parcial del cemento en 5%, 10% y 15% junto con las FPP en rendimiento de 900 gr/m3, podemos inferir que las CCA reducirán, no de manera significativa, las propiedades de la resistencia de un concreto f´c= 210 kg/cm2, sin embargo, reducen el promedio de apariciones de fisuras producidas en las losas macizas debido la contracción plástica del mismo.
Intervention on biofuels and the Japan WTO rice stock to stabilise world food prices
Authors: Galtier Franck
Published: July 2022

On international markets, prices of grains (wheat, maize) and vegetable oils (rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, palm) have been rising since mid-2020. Biofuels play a major part in this increase, and the war in Ukraine, which began in February 2022, has exacerbated it. Biofuels in fact link the price of these commodities to that of crude oil: when the crude oil price rises, the biofuels industry increases its demand for maize and vegetable oils. Temporarily limiting this industrial usage would reduce the price of these commodities. Moreover, in case of an increase in rice prices, one solution would be to authorise Japan to export the rice stock it has built up under World Trade Organization (WTO) rules. In order to prevent future crises, these two levers could be activated as soon as world prices of these agricultural commodities reach predetermined levels.
Úlceras Cutâneas Disseminadas Associadas ao Metotrexato
Authors: Correia Catarina , Soares-de-Almeida Luís , Filipe Paulo
Published: July 2022

N/a.
Probiotic colonization dynamics after oral consumption of VSL#3® by antibiotic-treated mice
Authors: Theriot Casey , Thanissery Rajani , O'Flaherty Sarah , Barrangou Rodolphe
Published: July 2022

Background: The ability of probiotic strains to provide health benefits to the host partially hinges on the survival of gastrointestinal passage and temporary colonization of the digestive tract. This study aims to investigate the colonization profile of individual probiotic strains comprising the commercial product VSL#3® and determine their impact on the host intestinal microbiota. Methods: Using a cefoperazone-treated mouse model of antibiotic treatment, we investigated the impact of oral gavage with ~108 CFU commercial VSL#3® product on the intestinal microbiota using 16S-based amplicon sequencing over 7 days. Results: Results showed that probiotic strains in the formulation were detected in treated murine fecal samples, with early colonization by Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum, and late colonization by Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis. Overall, VSL#3® consumption is associated with increased alpha diversity in the cecal microbial community, which is important in the context of antibiotic consumption. Probiotic supplementation resulted in an expansion of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, especially Bifidobacteriaceae and Lachnospiraceae, which are associated with Clostridioides difficile resistance in the murine gut. Conclusion: This study illustrates the need for determining the ability of probiotics to colonize the host and impact the gut microbiota, and suggests that multiple doses may be warranted for extended transient colonization. In addition, follow-up studies should determine whether VSL#3® can provide resistance against C. difficile colonization and disease in a mouse model.
Coupling of the Earth’s Surfaces to the Lower Atmospheres
Authors: Fitzjarrald David Roy
Published: July 2022

This brief review introduces some general properties of lower atmospheric motions that may be exploited by birds, linking historical findings and current knowledge from both observational and modeling perspectives. The relative importance of turbulent mixing resulting from wind shear and that from buoyant thermals is emphasized as well as the determinants of the geometry of the resulting vertical motions.
Planting Methods Effect on Weed Dynamics and Weed – Crop Interaction in Finger Millet
Authors: Bhatta Ram Datta , Subedi Roshan , Devkota Pratigya , Upadhyaya Jitendra
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted at farmer field of Sundarbazar, Lamjung during rainy season of 2020 with an objective to determine the dynamics of weed with respect different planting methods and varieties. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications where five Varieties (KabreKodo 1, KabreKodo 2, Dalle 1, Okhale 1 and local) were used as the main plot factor and three planting methods (Direct sowing;10*10cm, Conventional transplanting;10*10 cm with 15 days old seedlings and System of Crop Intensification;25*25 cm with 30 days old seedlings) as sub plot factor. Result showed that among 5 genotypes of weeds based on Importance value index, Cyperusrotundus was the most dominant during the initial stage but after the first weeding, Aegeratumhaustinianum dominated the field. Weed biomass and density was recorded highest in directly sown field than that in transplanted field. Among the transplanted crop, weed infestation was seen higher in SCI than in conventionally transplanted finger millet due to wider spacing. But after the first hand weeding, due to profuse root growth and tillering in SCI, weeds were suppressed and thus weed biomass was observed higher in CT. After one hand weeding, SCI showed higher weed control index, crop resistance index and planting method efficiency index in terms of yield. Weed infestation was observed higher in Dalle 1 among varieties.
KAJI EKSPERIMEN MESIN KOMPRESI UDARA DENGAN MEMODIFIKASI GIGI SENTRIS MOTOR BENSIN 4-TAK SEBAGAI SOLUSI ALTERNATIF KENDARAAN BERMOTOR BEBAS EMISI
Authors: Darwin Rio Budi Syaka  , Triyono  , Triyanto Mohammad Joko
Published: July 2022

Mesin kompresi udara merupakan alternatif yang ramah lingkungan dengan keuntungan bebas emisi gas buang dan proses pengisian cepat sehingga sesuai untuk diaplikasi sebagai daya utama pada kendaraan. Penelitian terdahulu mesin tenaga kompresi udara yang memodifikasi mesin pembakaran dalam dilakukan dengan merubah bentuk camshaft. Hal ini rumit, sehingga solusi lain adalah dengan merubah perbandingan gigi sentris. Namun demikian, penelitian modifikasi gigi sentris masih belum ada. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja mesin kompresi udara dengan modifikasi gigi sentris. Penelitian ini menyajikan kaji eksperimental mesin piston yang didorong oleh kompresi udara dimana alat ujinya yaitu mesin pembakaran dalam 4-tak yang di ubah menjadi 2-tak dengan memodifikasi perbandingan gigi sentris yang awalnya 2 : 1 menjadi 1 : 1. Torsi yang dihasilkan mesin diukur menggunakan prony brake dimana variasi tekanan rem berkisar 0,4 bar – 2 bar dengan perubahan tekanan rem tiap 0,2. Adapun variasi tekanan udara antara 3 bar – 9 bar dengan perubahan tekanan udara 1 bar. Putaran mesin yang dihasilkan diukur menggunakan tachometer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tekanan udara merupakan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kinerja mesin kompresi udara, semakin besar tekanan udara yang dikompresikan maka semakin besar daya yang dihasilkan. Performa terbaik mesin kompresi udara berada pada percobaan tekanan udara tertinggi yaitu 8 bar dengan menghasilkan daya 2,36 kW pada putaran mesin 724,33 rpm dengan torsi 31,09 Nm, tetapi torsi tertinggi yang di dapat ialah 34,55 Nm di putaran mesin 618,67 rpm.
PELAPISAN TEMBAGA NIKEL PADA BAJA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI
Authors: Syamsuir
Published: July 2022

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelapisan tembaga (Cu) – nikel (Ni) terhadap laju korosi baja karbon rendah Ms 7210. Tahap pertama penelitian adalah pelapisan Cu pada permukaan sampel uji dengan variasi waktu tahan pelapisan 5, 10, 15, 20, dan 25 menit. Tahap kedua adalah pelapisan nikel selama 10 menit. Hasil penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan laju korosi hingga 0,36 mmpy yaitu pada pelapisan selama 25 menit. Jika dibandingkan dengan laju korosi raw material sebesar 7,6 mmpy, maka laju korosi baja setelah dilapisi jauh lebih rendah. Semakin lama waktu tahan pelapisan semakin tebal lapisan yang terbentuk, semakin keras permukaan yang terjadi, namun berdampak pada penurunan laju korosi dalam media korosif larutan NaCl 3,5 %.
Low Rates of Reporting Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status in Studies Published in Top Orthopaedic Journals
Authors: Crnkovic Cody , Quiring Robert , Chapple Andrew G. , Bronstone Amy , Krause Peter C. , Dasa Vinod
Published: July 2022

Background:

Although there have been calls for the routine reporting of patient demographics associated with health disparities, including race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES), in published research, the extent to which these variables are reported in orthopaedic journals remains unclear.

Methods:

We identified and examined all research articles with human cohorts published in 2019 in the 2 highest-ranked U.S. general orthopaedics journals, Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research and The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery. Excluded from analysis were studies with no U.S.-based institution and those that did not report any demographic data. Articles were reviewed to determine study type; reporting of race, ethnicity, and any of 3 SES variables (i.e., income, education, and health-care insurance); and the inclusion of these demographics in multivariable analyses.

Results:

A total of 156 articles met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 56 (35.9%) reported patient race and 24 (15.4%) reported patient ethnicity. Income was reported in 13 (8.3%) of the articles, education in 23 (14.7%), and health insurance in 18 (11.5%). Of the 97 papers that reported results of multivariable analyses, 30 (30.9%) included race in the analysis and 21 (21.6%) reported significance associated with race. Income, education, and health insurance were included in multivariable analyses in 7 (7.2%), 11 (11.3%), and 10 (10.3%) of the articles, respectively.

Conclusions:

Race, ethnicity, and SES were infrequently reported and analyzed within articles published in 2 of the top orthopaedic journals. This problem may be remedied if orthopaedic journals impose standards for the reporting and analysis of patient demographics in studies with human cohorts.

Clinical Relevance:

Failure to report key demographics makes it difficult for practitioners to determine whether study results apply to their patient populations. In addition, when orthopaedic interventions are evaluated without accounting for potential disparities by demographics, clinicians may incorrectly assume that the overall benefits and risks reported in studies apply equally to all patients.
Biomechanical and Finite-Element Analysis of Femoral Pin-Site Fractures Following Navigation-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sun Houyi , Zhang Haifeng , Wang Tianhao , Zheng Kai , Zhang Weicheng , Li Wenming , Zhang Wen , Xu Yaozeng , Geng Dechun
Published: July 2022

Background:

Femoral pin-site fracture is one of the most serious complications of navigation-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Its occurrence is associated with the loss of biomechanical strength caused by intraoperative femoral drilling. This study aimed to investigate the drilling location as a risk factor for pin-site fracture.

Methods:

A biomechanical analysis using rabbit femora was performed to determine the effects of drilling eccentricity and height. Torsional, 3-point bending, and axial compression tests were performed to evaluate biomechanical parameters, including failure strength, failure displacement, and stiffness. Fracture type and the presence of comminution were noted and analyzed. Finite-element analysis (FEA) was utilized to assess the stress distribution and deformation. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) method was applied to define the safe range for drilling eccentricity.

Results:

Drilling operations were accurately implemented. Biomechanical tests confirmed that severely eccentric drilling significantly reduced the biomechanical strength of the femur, especially in torsion. FEA results provided evidence of threatening stress concentration in severely eccentric drilling. The overall safe range of eccentricity relative to the center of the femur was found to be between 50% of the radius in the anterolateral direction and 70% of the radius in the posteromedial direction.

Conclusions:

Severely eccentric drilling significantly increased the risk of femoral pin-site fracture, especially under torsional stress. Femoral drilling should be performed in the safe zone that was identified.
Scenario analyses in ecological modeling and ecosystem management
Authors: Hernandez-Abrams Darixa , Carrillo Carra , Swannack Todd
Published: July 2022

Ecosystem management and restoration practitioners are challenged with complex problems, diverse project goals, multiple management alternatives, and potential future scenarios that change the systems of interest. Scenario analysis aids in forecasting, evaluating, and communicating outcomes of potential management actions under different plausible conditions, such as land-use change or sea level rise. However, little guidance exists for practitioners on the utility and execution of scenario analysis. Therefore, this technical note highlights the usefulness of scenario analysis as a tool for addressing uncertainty in potential project outcomes. The mechanics of the scenario-analysis process are explained, and examples of different types of scenario analyses are described for context on the breadth of its use. Lastly, two hypothetical case studies of scenario analysis in ecological modeling are presented showing a semiquantitative approach for assessing anadromous fish and a quantitative approach examining freshwater mussel habitat. Overall, this technical note provides a brief review of the utility and application of scenario analyses in the context of ecological modeling and ecosystem management decision-making.
Research on the Macro-Mesoscopic Response Mechanism of Multisphere Approximated Heteromorphic Tailing Particles
Authors: Wang Guangjin , Zhao Bing , Wu Bisheng , Wang Menglai , Liu Wenlian , Zhou Hanmin , Zhang Chao , Wang Yishu , Han Yabing
Published: July 2022

The shape of tailing particles is essential factors of their macroscopic mechanical properties. Scholars have studied the effects of controllable factors, such as loading method, confining pressure, and strain rate, on the strength of tailing sand. However, research on the tailing particle structure and shape through laboratory tests has proved to be difficult due to the uncertain and discrete tailing particle distribution. Thus, the macro-mesoscopic response of heteromorphic tailing particles is rarely investigated. In this paper, the macro-mesoscopic response of heteromorphic tailing particles is studied using multisphere approximation, and numerical simulation of triaxial tests on the particles is conducted. Nonlinear evolution patterns of porosity, internal friction angle, and cohesion of heteromorphic tailing particles with the variation of angularity were investigated using the flexible boundary program developed in this study, which revealed the intrinsic relationship between the mesostructure evolution mechanism and the macroscopic engineering characteristics of heteromorphic tailing particles. The research results showed that (1) changes in angularity led to tailing particle rearrangements and, in turn, porosity changes. With increased angularity and confining pressure, particle sphericity decreased, and the deviatoric and peak stress increased accordingly. In the meantime, the softening was more significant as the peak stress was exceeded, while the cohesive force generally increased. (2) With fixed particle shape and angularity, the internal friction angle decreased slightly as the effective confining pressure increased. (3) In the shearing process, the simulated contact force chain evolution of tailing particles with different shapes was similar. The disordered contact force chains gradually undergo directional connection, i.e., the increased confining pressure reduced the number of free tailing particles and increased the number of stressed particles. (4) The triaxial stress-strain and peak stress in rigid boundary simulations under different confining pressures were slightly lower than those in the flexible boundary simulations. However, the difference was insignificant, indicating the good feasibility and reasonability of rigid boundary simulations for the macroscopic mechanical behaviors in triaxial tests. The research results could offer more direct insights into the macro-mesoscopic response and mechanical mechanisms of nonspherical particles and provide references for the simulation of tailings at the microscopic levels.
Allogromia Arnoldi n. sp.: Distribution, Phylogenetic Placement, Culture Methods, and Fine Structure of a New Monothalamid Foraminiferan
Authors: Goldstein Susan T. , Ballero Deniz Altin , Richardson Elizabeth A. , Bowser Samuel S.
Published: July 2022

Allogromiids, organic-walled foraminifera, are common members of foraminiferal associations in reef and back-reef settings of the Florida Keys and other locales, and many live in cryptic or otherwise protected microhabitats associated with macroalgae and seagrasses. A new species of Allogromia was isolated from the alga Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) collected from prop-roots of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle (Linneaus), in Zane Grey Creek, Long Key, Florida. This species, Allogromia arnoldi n. sp., genetically matches sequences of undescribed and uncharacterized allogromiids deposited in GenBank from Cyprus and Jamaica. Allogromia arnoldi is genetically and morphologically distinct from A. laticollaris Arnold, A. laticollaris strain CSH, A. sp. NF (Lee & Pierce, 1963), environmental DNA sequences of morphologically unknown allogromiids, a number of freshwater forms, and several undescribed marine allogromiids known in the literature by nicknames (e.g., “squatter,” “rubble dome,” “twinkle”). This new species of Allogromia belongs to Clade M of the monothalamid foraminifera. Allogromia arnoldi appears to be broadly distributed, and it is fairly easy to isolate and rear in culture. Individuals typically have bright orange cytoplasm, a variable number of apertures, and can assume a wide range of shapes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution shows that the test has a complex fine structure that varies in thickness. It consists of two layers: a thick inner layer with a “herringbone” fine structure, and a thinner, outer electron-opaque mesh-like layer that occurs in patches. The number of nuclei varies per individual, and the non-reproductive nucleus is morphologically similar to that of many other monothalamid foraminifera.