bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The 5-factor Modified Frailty Index as a Prognostic Factor for Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Meningioma Management
Authors: Herr Sanjeev , Kite Trent , Vyas Praveer , Karlovits Stephen , Yu Alexander , Wegner Rodney , Shepard Matthew
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Meningiomas are the most frequent primary intracranial malignancy. While surgical resection can confer long term tumor control, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is often used for small, asymptomatic tumors in the adjuvant setting. Frailty has been associated with increased rates of peri-operative morbidity but has yet to be defined in the setting of SRS for meningiomas. We therefore sought to examine the relationship between frailty and clinical/radiographic outcomes of patients with meningiomas who have undergone SRS.
Methods
A single-center, retrospective cohort study classified patients by their 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) score into pre-frail (0–1) and frail (2–5) at the time of SRS treatment. Evaluations of overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to further define factors associated with OS/PFS.
Results
94 patients met inclusion criteria and underwent SRS for meningioma treatment from 2019–2023. Analyses compared prefrail (0–1) and frail (2–5) individuals. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated an association between frailty and OS (24-month survival: 73.8%) in the frail group versus the pre-frail group (24-month survival: 90.6%, p = 0.053 HR = 3.68). There was a significant relationship between frailty and PFS (12-month PFS: 68.8%) in the frail group versus the pre-frail group (12-month PFS: 92.9%, p < 0.05 HR = 2.95). Univariable regression analysis demonstrated that frailty, prior surgical excision, and cumulative tumor volume predicted PFS.
Conclusion
Frailty, as assessed by the mFI-5, did not independently predict OS but did predict PFS in individuals with meningioma undergoing SRS.
Evaluation of Sunspot Areas Derived by Automated Sunspot-Detection Methods
Authors: Hanaoka Yoichiro
Published: November 2024

Sunspot-area measurements using digital images captured by two telescopes at the Mitaka campus of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan are conducted using automated sunspot detection. A comparison between sunspot areas derived from Mitaka and those from the reference data by Mandal et al. (Astron. Astrophys. 640, A78, 2020), who compiled a cross-calibrated daily sunspot-area catalog, revealed that the correlation coefficients between them are high (0.96--0.97), whereas the areas in the Mitaka data are 70 \%--83 \% of those of Mandal et al. The correlation is limited by the differences in observation times and detection capabilities of spots near the limb, with discrepancies in areas arising from different definitions of spot outlines. Given the high correlation and the ease of calibrating area discrepancies with a correction factor, automated sunspot detection appears promising for future sunspot-area measurements. Furthermore, we addressed the measurements of brightness deficit caused by sunspots.
Enhanced magnetic activity in rapidly rotating binary stars
Authors: Yu Jie , Gehan Charlotte , Hekker Saskia , Bazot Michäel , Cameron Robert , Gaulme Patrick , Bedding Timothy , Murphy Simon , Han Zhanwen , Ting Yuan-Sen , Tayar Jamie , Chen Yajie , Gizon Laurent , Nordhaus Jason , Bi Shaolan
Published: November 2024

The interaction between convective motions and rotation in cool stars results in a dynamo process that drives magnetic surface activity1, 2. In single stars, activity increases with rotation rate until it saturates for stars with rotation periods Prot < 3–10 d3, 4, 5. The mechanism responsible for saturation, however, remains unclear. Observations indicate that red giants in binary systems that are in spin-orbit resonance exhibit stronger chromospheric activity than single stars with similar rotation rates6, 7, 8, suggesting that tidal flows can influence surface activity. Here, we investigate the chromospheric activity of main-sequence binary stars to understand the impact of tidal forces on saturation phenomena. For binaries with 0.5 < Prot/d < 1, mainly contact binaries sharing a common thermal envelope, we find enhanced activity rather than saturation. This result supports theoretical predictions that a large-scale α − ω dynamo during common envelope evolution can generate strong magnetic fields9, 10, 11, 12. We also observe supersaturation in chromospheric activity, a phenomenon tentatively noted previously in coronal activity13, 4, where activity levels fall below saturation and decrease with shorter rotation periods. Our findings emphasise the importance of studying stellar activity in stars with extreme properties compared to the Sun’s.
VMUnet-MSADI： Visual Mamba UNet Fusion Multi-Scale Attention and Detail Infusion for Unsound Corn Kernels Segmentation
Authors: Zhao Kuibin , Zhang Qinghui , Wan Chenxia , Pan Quan , Qin Yao
Published: November 2024

Corn seed breeding is a global issue, and has attracted great attention in recent years. Deploying autonomous robots for corn kernel recognition and classification has great potential in terms of constructing environment friendly agriculture, and saving manpower. Existing segmentation methods that utilize U-shaped architectures typically operate by processing images in discrete pixel-based segments. This approach often overlooks the finer pixel-level structural details within these segments, leading to models that struggle to preserve the continuity of target edges effectively. In this paper, we propose a new framework for corn seed image segmentation, called VMUnet-MSADI, which aims to integrate MSADI module into the encoder and decoder of the VMUnet architecture. Our VMUnet-MSADI model benefits from self-attention computation in VMUnet and multiscale coding to efficiently model non-local dependencies and multiscale contexts to improve the segmentation quality of different images. Unlike previous Unet-based improvement schemes, the proposed VMUnet-MSADI adopts a multiscale convolutional attention module coding mechanism at the depth level and an efficient multiscale deep convolutional decoder at the spatial level to extract coarse-grained features and fine-grained features at different semantic scales and effectively avoid the loss of information at the target boundary to improve the quality and accuracy of target segmentation. In addition, we introduce a Visual State Space (VSS) block to capture a wide range of contextual information and a Detail Infusion Block (DIB) to enhance the fusion of low-level and high-level features, which further fills in the remote contextual information during the up-sampling process. Comprehensive experiments were conducted on open-source datasets and the results demonstrate that the VMUnet-MSADI model excels in the task of corn kernel segmentation. The model achieved a segmentation accuracy of 95.96%, surpassing the leading method by 0.9%. Compared to other segmentation models, our method exhibits superior performance in both accuracy and loss metrics. Extensive comparative experiments conducted on various benchmark datasets further substantiate that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art models. Code, pre-trained models and data processing protocols are available at https://github.com/corbining/VMUnet-MSADI
27 Years of Retention Outcomes for a Nine-University Primary Health Care Nurse Practitioner Program in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Ormiston Alice , Semblat Guillaume , Gorham Robyn , Carroll Sandra , El-Masri Maher , Jacob Jean Daniel , Jones-Bonofiglio Kristen , Boyles Christina McMillan , Sheppard-LeMoine Debbie , Mallette Claire , Smye Victoria , Snelgrove-Clarke Erna
Published: November 2024

Background:This article looks at 27 years of graduate retention outcomes for a nine-university consortium education program for Primary Health Care Nurse Practitioners (NPs) in Ontario, Canada. It assesses graduate retention in terms of whether graduates are still practicing: 1) as an NP in Ontario; and 2) as an NP in the geographic region of Ontario where they graduated.
Methods: The study maps the geographic distribution of practicing NP graduates across urban, rural, and remote areas in Ontario through a Google Map interface. It also identifies the percentage of NP graduates working in rural or remote areas.
Results: The study highlights the consortium’s distributed education model as an important factor in successful NP recruitment and retention across the province. It emphasizes other factors, such as the availability of NP employment positions across geographic regions and working conditions, as key elements of a health human resource strategy to meet population health care needs.
Conclusions:The findings suggest that the consortium’s education model effectively supports NP recruitment and retention. The availability of employment positions and working conditions are also critical for addressing the health human resource needs across Ontario.
Trial Registration: Not applicable.
Uncovering the pharmacological mechanisms of GuBenZhiKe decoction in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by an integrative pharmacology strategy
Authors: Wang Mingzhe , Liu Ying , Xiao Yao , Cheng Miao , Pan Lin , Wang Yueqi , Liu Mengchao , Cai Zhe , Zhang Hongchun
Published: November 2024

We aimed to study the mechanisms of GuBenZhiKe decoction (GBZKD) in treating Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Components of GBZKD were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. ICR mice were exposed to cigarette smoke and administered lipopolysaccharide to establish a COPD model, followed by treatment with GBZKD. Lung function test, hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopic observation, and immunohistochemistry assays were performed. The expressions of genes were examined using an antibody array, qRT-PCR and western blot. GBZKD reduced structural failure and inflammatory response in airways, terminal bronchioles, and alveoli of COPD mice. GBZKD suppressed the levels of α-SMA, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio in COPD mice. GBZKD suppressed the mRNA levels of JAK1 and STAT3, and elevated SOCS3 mRNA expression. GBZKD treatment significantly suppressed the protein levels of p-JAK1 and p-STAT3, and significantly elevated the SOCS3 protein expression. GBZKD alleviated respiratory tract injury by regulating the JAK-STAT pathway.
Assessment of knowledge and attitudes of the general population towards the monkeypox epidemic in Cameroon
Authors: NOULA Aime Gilbert MBONDA , EWANE Cyrille , WAFEU Guy SADEU , LEMONGE Norbert , NDEH-FOFANG NSOH , Fai Karl Njuwa
Published: November 2024

Background Monkeypox has spread beyond endemic regions, leading the WHO to declarea public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in July 2022 following a rapid increase in cases. This study aimed to describe people's knowledge of and attitudes towards this disease.Method We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in February 2023, including consenting adults in three regions of Cameroon using a multi-stage random- sampling method. Socio-demographic data and an assessment of knowledge and attitudes towards the disease were collected and entered directly into a pre-designed collection sheet. Factors associated with knowledge and attitudes were identified using a logistic regression model including factors significantly associated with bivariate analysis.Results We included 2,807 individuals, with a female predominance (60%) andthe majority of participants aged 30–40 years. More than 80% of participants were unaware of the details of the disease, andfewer than 20% knew its routes of transmission and symptoms. Secondary or higher education significantly increased knowledge of monkeypox, with ORs of 2.92 and 6.17 respectively, while access to information, especially via radio and meetings, was a key factor in improving knowledge.Conclusion Knowledge and attitudes towards monkeypox are limited in the general population. Education and access to information via channels such as radio and social networks arecrucial for improving knowledge and preventing the spread of the disease.
Greater adherence to treatment after bariatric surgery by the implementation of a standardized protocol for delivering care
Authors: Blume Carina , Viana Luciana , Maraschin Clara , Friedman Rogerio , Nascimento Cigléa do , Bahia Luciana , Telo Gabriela , Trindade Manoel , Schaan Beatriz
Published: November 2024

Background
Bariatric surgery reference centers adopt different postoperative care protocols.
Objectives
To assess the impact of implementing a standardized postoperative care protocol on patients’ adherence to vitamin and mineral supplementation and to a multidisciplinary team, and on health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) during the first year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).
Setting:
University Hospital, Brazil; Public Practice.
Methods
This study compared a retrospective cohort [n = 70; usual care (UC)] with a prospective cohort [n = 70; standardized postoperative protocol (SP)], both undergone RYGB. The protocol included pre-scheduled appointments with a multidisciplinary care team, a systematic follow-up through phone calls, and a a standardized free of charge supplementation over one year.
Results
Mean age was 42.3 ± 10.1 years and preoperative body mass index was 48.8 ± 8.3 kg/m². Adherence to the multidisciplinary team follow-up was 81.7% in the UC and 96.9% in the SP (p = .003). The SP group showed higher vitamin D serum levels at 3, 6, and 12 months (p < .001). Overall, the percentage of multivitamin, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 use was remarkably lower in the UC group compared to the SP group, from 30 days to one year postoperative (p < .005). At 12 months, the SP group also showed higher scores of general health (p < .001) and social functioning (p = .004) in HRQoL.
Conclusions
The standardized, pragmatic postoperative care protocol improved adherence to the postoperative bariatric surgery care, reducing the incidence of hypovitaminosis D and increasing HRQoL one year following bariatric surgery, and could be used as a reference for clinical protocols and therapeutic guidelines in public health systems.
Irf7 aggravates prostatitis by promoting Hif-1α-mediated glycolysis to facilitate M1 polarization
Authors: Meng Tong , Zhang Yi , Wang Huihui , Wu Weikang , Peng Wei , Yue Jiabin , Huang Cong , Liu Wanqing , Liang Chaozhao , Yang Cheng , Chen Jing
Published: November 2024

Background: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common disorder associated with voiding symptoms and pain in the pelvic or perineal area. Macrophages, particularly the pro-inflammatory M1 subtype, are crucial in the initiation of CP/CPPS. Interferon regulatory factor 7 (Irf7) has been implicated in promoting M1 polarization, which contributes to the onset and progression of autoimmunity. However, the role of Irf7 in the etiology and progression of CP/CPPS remains unclear.
Method: We established the experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mouse model by subcutaneous injection of prostate antigen combined with complete Freund's adjuvant. We analyzed prostate, spleen, and blood samples to evaluate prostate inflammation, Irf7 expression levels, glycolysis, and M1 polarization. Our findings suggest that Irf7 exacerbates the development of EAP by enhancing Hif-1α transcription, thereby increasing glycolysis and M1 polarization. Further investigations included sh-Irf7 intervention, Dimethyloxalylglycine (a Hif-1α agonist), and in vitro M1 polarization experiments. We also employed ChIP assays, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and q-PCR to explore if Irf7 could directly interact with the Hif-1α promoter in macrophages.
Results: In the EAP mouse and cell models, elevated Irf7 expression was observed in inflamed tissues and cells. Reducing Irf7 expression decreased M1 cell glycolysis by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of Hif-1α, thus mitigating M1 cell polarization. Additionally, Irf7 was identified as a transcription factor in the cytoplasm that regulates Hif-1α transcription by interacting with its promoter in macrophages, confirmed through ChIP and dual-luciferase assays. Co-culturing macrophage cells with 3T3 fibroblasts with reduced Irf7 levels resulted in decreased fibrosis, and a significant reduction in prostate tissue fibrosis was noted in mice with Irf7 knockdown.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Irf7 can contribute to the development and progression of CP/CPPS by promoting glycolysis, which can enhance both M1 polarization as well as interstitial fibrosis in the prostate. This process was found to be mediated by the upregulation of Hif-1α transcription, presenting new potential therapeutic targets for managing CP/CPPS.
P2X7 a new therapeutic target to block vesicle-dependent metastasis in colon carcinoma: role of the A2A/CD39/CD73 axis
Authors: Adinolfi Elena , Pegoraro Anna , De Marchi Elena , Ruo Luigia , Zanoni Michele , Chioccioli Sofia , Caderni Giovanna , Alfieri Letizia , Grignolo Marianna , ulivi paola , Passardi Alessandro , Gallo Graziana , Antonioli Luca , Virgilio Francesco Di
Published: November 2024

Extracellular vesicle-driven cancer metastasis represents a therapeutic challenge due to the lack of effective blocking drugs. This study reveals a unique mechanism involving the P2X7 receptor and the A2A/CD39/CD73 axis, which affects ATP and adenosine levels in cancer via vesicular release, thereby enhancing metastasis. It also introduces a novel P2X7-based therapeutic approach to target tumor vesicular release. Indeed, activation of P2X7 on colon carcinoma cells induced the release of extracellular vesicles carrying P2X7, A2A, CD39, and CD73, resulting in significantly elevated ATP and adenosine levels within the tumor microenvironment. These vesicles enhanced colon carcinoma metastatic potential and systemic IL-17 production when administered in vivo, effects that were successfully mitigated through P2X7 antagonism, which also reduced A2A levels in the metastatic niche. Treatment with P2X7 and A2A antagonists (AZ10606120 and SCH58261) markedly inhibited cancer growth and prevented tumor dissemination in an immune response-dependent manner. Finally, expression levels of P2X7, CD39, CD73, and A2A mRNAs were significantly higher in stage IV metastatic colon carcinoma patients. Furthermore, P2X7 and A2A expression increased in APC-mutated tumors and in spontaneous neoplasias within the colon mucosa of APC-mutated PIRC rats. Our study highlights the close interconnection between P2X7, A2A, CD39, and CD73 in colon carcinoma metastases. It identifies P2X7-dependent vesicle secretion as a new mechanism that favors metastatic dissemination and offers an innovative immunotherapeutic approach that targets vesicular release. Furthermore, we establish a first-time association between P2X7 and A2A overexpression and APC oncogene mutations, suggesting that these receptors could serve as potential biomarkers for advanced colon carcinoma.
Endothelial cell-secreted bone targeting exosomes promoteangiogenesis coupling with osteogenesis via the PERK-ATF4-CRELD2 pathway
Authors: Pi Zhilong , Wu You , Wu Jingyi , Zhang Tao , Li Pingyue , Wang Renkai
Published: November 2024

Objects: The role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in bone metabolism and the management of associated diseases has garnered significant interest. However, its role in regulating bone homeostasis and skeletal development remains largely unclear.
Results: This research revealed that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)-exosomes (Exos) enhanced the formation of osteoblast and angiogenic effects in vitro. Furthermore, in mice treated with HUVECs-Exos, osteoblast production, and CD31hiEmcnhi vessels were significantly increased. The mechanism by which HUVECs-Exos CRELD2 improved angiogenesis coupling with osteogenesis involved triggering the PERK-ATF4-CRELD2 pathway's ER stress.
Conclusion: HUVECs-Exos CRELD2 may be used as a potential bone metabolic disease nanodrug.
Clinical outcomes and hemorrhagic or thromboembolic risks in decompressive craniectomy for patients taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy.
Authors: Scerrati Alba , Scanferla Giovanni , Sgarbanti Lorenzo , Mantovani Giorgio , Angelini Chiara , Flacco Maria Elena , Maugeri Rosario , Bonosi Lapo , Iacopino Domenico Gerardo , Tumbiolo Silvana , Adorno Alessandro , Brunasso Lara , Lofrese Giorgio , Rosetti Vittoria , Tosatto Luigino , Somma Teresa , Cavallo Luigi Maria , Lombardi Sara , Sturiale Carmelo Lucio , Signorelli Francesco , Auricchio Anna Maria , Menna Grazia , Ricciardi Luca , Montemurro Nicola , Raneri Fabio , Rustemi Oriela , Zambon Giampaolo , Cavallo Michele Alessandro , Bonis Pasquale
Published: November 2024

Background
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a critical surgical intervention for elevated intracranial pressure. However, the impact of preoperative antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy on outcomes and complications remains unclear.
Methods
A retrospective-prospective study was conducted on 145 patients undergoing DC between November 2021 and May 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with (n = 48) and without (n = 97) preoperative antithrombotic therapy. Demographic data, comorbidities, antithrombotic therapy type and duration, clinical outcomes, and pre-operative risk factors (CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores) were analyzed.
Results
While there was a trend towards higher hemorrhagic complications in the antithrombotic therapy group (20.0% vs. 11.3%), this difference was not statistically significant. However, thromboembolic events, primarily stroke (27.7% vs. 9.3%) and acute myocardial infarction (10.6% vs. 0.0%), were significantly more frequent in the antithrombotic therapy group. Multivariate analysis revealed that ischemic stroke as a primary diagnosis, rather than antithrombotic therapy itself, was a significant predictor of thromboembolic complications (adjusted OR 3.49, 95%CI 1.47–8.28, p = 0.005). Pre-operative GCS was associated with improved outcomes (adjusted OR 0.81, 95%CI 0.67–0.97, p = 0.025).
Conclusion
While antithrombotic therapy does not appear to increase the risk of hemorrhagic complications after DC, it is associated with a higher risk of thromboembolic events, especially in patients with ischemic stroke. Individualized assessment and tailored management of antithrombotic therapy are crucial to optimize outcomes in DC patients. Further studies are needed to refine strategies for bridging anticoagulation and managing antithrombotic therapy in this population, considering factors such as CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores, as well as patient-specific risk profiles.
“It looks OK... but I can’t wear it” – Application of the Expanded Parallel Process Model to Nigerian self-protection attitudes during the Covid19 pandemic
Authors: Sekoni Adekemi , Yesufu Victoria , Odufuwa Kayode , Brainard Julii , Taiwo Olufunmilayo , Molobe Ikenna , Hornsey Emilio , Hunter Paul , Ogunsola Folasade
Published: November 2024

Background
From 2020 onwards, the Covid19 pandemic posed a severe global health threat and caused widespread social disruption. Behavioral restrictions were imposed and expected for entire populations in many countries. The Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) can describe the interactions of rational cognitive considerations and emotional reactions that influence behavioral decisions.
Methods
Here we apply the EPPM to the context of facial protection choices in a middle-income country setting. Global shortages of personal protection equipment during the pandemic encouraged use of locally-made facial protection in resource-scarce settings, including clear, 3D-printed, face visors or shields to prevent respiratory droplet exposure. We draw on open-text responses collected in a survey of prospective face shield users in Lagos, Nigeria, in March 2021. An intersectional approach was deployed to explore and evaluate these comments in the local context, perspectives and priorities of potential face shield users.
Results
Within the context of the Covid19 pandemic, we have been able to adapt and expand the EEPM with various conceptual elements which will be useful in preparedness efforts towards future emerging airborne infections capable of causing pandemics. We describe how individuals traded off expected costs (monetary, diminished appearance, lack of practicality, discomfort, inconvenience) with perceived protection. Some of these trade-offs were grounded in local circumstances (such as high ambient temperature, cultural expectations and dust levels).
Conclusion
The compromises that were made in facial protection choices in our Nigeria sample are likely to be generalisable to many settings in sub-Saharan Africa and other tropical countries home to about a third of the global population. Product manufacturers should consider factors that will enhance user satisfaction, compliance, wellbeing and health.
Visual Localization in 3D Maps: Comparing Point Cloud, Mesh, and NeRF Representations
Authors: Zhang Lintong , Tao Yifu , Lin Jiarong , Zhang Fu , Fallon Maurice
Published: November 2024

Recent advances in mapping techniques have enabled the creation of highly accurate dense 3D maps during robotic missions, such as point clouds, meshes, or NeRF-based representations. These developments present new opportunities for reusing these maps for localization. However, there remains a lack of a unified approach that can operate seamlessly across different map representations. This paper presents and evaluates a global visual localization system capable of localizing a single camera image across various 3D map representations built using both visual and lidar sensing. Our system generates a database by synthesizing novel views of the scene, creating RGB and depth image pairs. Leveraging the precise 3D geometric map, our method automatically defines rendering poses, reducing the number of database images while preserving retrieval performance. To bridge the domain gap between real query camera images and synthetic database images, our approach utilizes learning-based descriptors and feature detectors. We evaluate the system's performance through extensive real-world experiments conducted in both indoor and outdoor settings, assessing the effectiveness of each map representation and demonstrating its advantages over traditional structure-from-motion (SfM) localization approaches. The results show that all three map representations can achieve consistent localization success rates of 55% and higher across various environments. NeRF synthesized images show superior performance, localizing query images at an average success rate of 72%. Furthermore, we demonstrate an advantage over SfM-based approaches that our synthesized database enables localization in the reverse travel direction which is unseen during the mapping process. Our system, operating in real-time on a mobile laptop equipped with a GPU, achieves a processing rate of 1Hz.
Cortactin and SIRT1 increased expression levels are associated with meningioma patients
Authors: Bhawangirkar Shubhangi , Panigrahi Manas , Immaneni Satish , Phanithi Prakash
Published: November 2024

Meningiomas are the most prevalent CNS neoplasms in adults and display various cytological and histological features associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates and diagnostic complexity. SIRT1 is the class III histone deacetylase (HDAC) that plays a role in the metabolism, aging, and carcinogenesis of organisms and regulates senescence and apoptosis in cells but its role in meningioma is unclear. This study aims to check the expression patterns and interactions of cortactin and SIRT1 proteins in different grades of meningiomas and control arachnoid tissue. In the experimental groups of meningioma, human tissue samples from the different grades of meningioma (n = 28) and control arachnoid tissues (n = 8) were employed for assessing the expression of cortactin and SIRT1 proteins via immunoblotting, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining. Results revealed a significant increase in cortactin and SIRT1 expression in high-grade meningiomas compared to arachnoid tissue. Co-expression analysis with ki67 revealed correlations between cortactin/SIRT1 and proliferative activity, particularly in grade II and grade III meningiomas. Co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed a direct interaction between cortactin and SIRT1, which intensified with tumor severity. Here, we report the in vivo interaction between cortactin and SIRT1, revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy. Increased SIRT1 expression correlated with poorer patient survival, emphasizing its prognostic relevance. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of cortactin and SIRT1 as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in meningiomas, suggesting their potential as targets for therapy.
Development of an Integrated Model for Providing Public Health Services to Refugees in Iran: Study Protocol
Authors: Ezatifard Akram , Rezaei Fatemeh , Dargahi Hossein , Yarmohammadian Mohammad Hossein , Atighechian Golrokh
Published: November 2024

Introduction
: The Islamic Republic of Iran hosts one of the largest and longest-standing refugee populations globally, with most refugees fleeing war, conflict, natural disasters, environmental degradation, or economic crises. However, refugees in Iran face significant challenges in accessing healthcare services due to illegal entry, fear of identification, and limited access to integrated health centers. This study aims to develop a comprehensive model for providing health services to refugees, addressing the need for a structured care system to ensure their health and well-being.
Methods
This research employs a mixed-methods approach to explore the development of a healthcare service delivery model for refugees within the existing health system. The study will be conducted in four stages: (a) a scoping review will be undertaken to identify the key dimensions and global components that comprise the aspects and elements of healthcare service provision for refugees; (b) a qualitative study, featuring semi-structured interviews, will be conducted to delve into specific dimensions and components of healthcare service provision for refugees within the Iranian healthcare system; (c) based on the findings from the scoping review and qualitative inquiry, relevant assessment items related to healthcare service provision for refugees will be extracted and synthesized to inform the development of a prototype service provision model; and (d) the developed model will undergo a rigorous validation process, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods, including an evaluation of its psychometric properties, in relation to healthcare service provision.
Ethics and Dissemination:
The study has obtained ethical approval from the research ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUI.NUREMA.REC.1403.096).
Conclusion
The development of a model for providing health services to refugees creates and enhances health services within the healthcare system.
Lithostratigraphy and Microfacies Analysis of Upper Triassic Deposits in the Southern parts of Lut Block, Central Iran Microcontinent
Authors: hadadi nooshin , Afghah massih
Published: November 2024

In order to conformity of the sedimentary environment and biological faunal assemblage of Late Triassic deposits in the Central Iran subcontinent, stratigraphical section in the Lut block was selected. Shahdad section in the mentioned block with a thickness of 340 meters is mostly composed of shale, sandstone and limestone. According to the identified index microfossils, 10 interval biozones (Triasina hantkeni, Trochammina almtalensis, Ophtalmidium exiguum, Agathammina oustroalpina, Duostomina alta, Planiinvoluta regularis, Ammodiscus parapriscus, Pilamminella falsofriedli, Glomospirella minima, Tetrataxis inflata, Interval Zone) were recognized in the Upper Triassic deposits. Based on the identified biozones, the geological age of the studied sequences, considered as Late Norian- Earlist Lias which is equivalent to the Howz-e- Khan and Qhadir members of the Nayband Formation in central Iran. Distribution of scattered coral reefs and absence of turbidite sediments indicate a relatively gentle and uniform homoclinal shallow carbonate platform. Also diversity of foraminifera in this basin show the normal conditions of the initial environment in terms of water circulation, salinity and oxygen levels. In general, the facies of the sedimentary basin of the Upper Triassic deposits in the region are formed from the lagoon or near the coast to the shallow area of the coastline with high to medium energy and to the open sea area in the range of marginal reefs.
Analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients who developed tuberculosis after renal transplantation
Authors: Su Qian , Xiao Jie , Peng Zhou , Zhou Liang , Wang Juan , Qiu Yingfeng
Published: November 2024

Background
The early clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in kidney transplant recipients is difficult, and TB is a major factor contributing to transplant failure and mortality in these patients. This study is to analyze the characteristics of patients who developed TB after renal transplantation in an effort to improve the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.
Methods
This retrospective study examined 100 patients who received kidney transplants and subsequently developed TB, and were then treated at the Hunan Chest Hospital from January 2014 to January 2024. The clinical characteristics of patients were examined, including general condition, time of TB onset, clinical manifestations, site of TB, immunological indicators, method of etiological detection, imaging findings, treatment, and outcome.
Results
Secondary pulmonary TB was the most common diagnosis overall (n = 76), and abdominal TB was the most common type of extrapulmonary TB (n = 8). Eighty-eight patients were tested by the interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA); 72 (81.8%) had positive results, 13 (14.8%) had negative results, and 3 (3.4%) had uncertain results. Twenty-six patients received the tuberculin skin test (TST); 7 (26.9%) had positive results and 19 (73.1%) had negative results. The overall etiological detection rate was 58.0%. Analysis of factors affecting outcome showed that patients who received an isoniazid + rifamycin + ethambutol + moxifloxacin regimen were more likely to achieve cure than those treated with an isoniazid + rifamycin + ethambutol + pyrazinamide regimen (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Patients who develop TB after renal transplantation have atypical symptoms and imaging findings. In addition to conventional detection methods, the IGRA, TST, and biopsy may aid in diagnosis. The anti-TB regimen of isoniazid + rifamycin + ethambutol + moxifloxacin appeared to provide a better outcome in this group of patients.
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and Associated Factors Among Hiv Patients Aged 10--15: A Cross-Sectional Study at Five Hospitals in Vietnam
Authors: Pham An Van , Tran Toan Khanh , Pham Trang Quynh , Nguyen Chuc Thi Kim , Dinh Linh Huynh , Tran Huong Thu , Tieu Thy Chau , Vu An Thien , Pho Tan Nhat , Le Dinh Thi , Larsson Mattias , Olson Linus
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) plays an important role in treatment efficiency. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents face
many challenges in terms of their adherence to HIV treatment.
Objectives: (1) To evaluate the ART adherence rate among HIV-infected adolescents aged 10--15 years at five hospitals in Vietnam and (2) to investigate the factors associated with ART adherence.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 618 HIV patients aged 10--15 years receiving ARV treatment at five hospitals from May 2020 to October 2021. Data were collected through quarterly structured interviews and periodic medical record reviews. Adherence to the ART was assessed following the WHO classification. Adherence is defined as good if it is ≥95%, as documented by the ART healthcare provider.
Results: The overall adherence rate was low (62.4%), and the most common reason for nonadherence was a lack of drugs at the check-up. A waiting time for ARV treatment of less than 1 month after diagnosis [OR=1.85; 95% CI (1.15–2.94)]; [OR=2.38; 95% CI (1.31–4.35)], and patients whose caregiver demonstrated occasional fatigue [OR=1.59 (1.04–2.44)] were significantly associated with ART nonadherence.
Conclusion: Increased efforts should be dedicated to psychological preparation, pre-ARV counseling for patients, and support their families and caregivers to improve adherence to treatment.
Polyimide nanofiber aerogel with hierarchical porosity: a novel platform in high-temperature oil absorption
Authors: Tian Lidong , Zhang Yi , Liu Yibin , Zhang Shan
Published: November 2024

The development of advanced oil sorbents with superior thermal stability, high adsorption capacity, and excellent reusability is crucial for addressing hot oil leakage challenges, particularly in the petrochemical and machinery industries. This study presents a novel polyimide (PI) nanofiber aerogel (PIF-a) designed for high-temperature oil absorption. Utilizing electrospinning and post-treatment, PIF-a exhibits a hierarchical pore structure, ultralow density, and remarkable flexibility. At room temperature, PIF-a demonstrates an oil adsorption capacity of 83.1 g/g, surpassing conventional materials. Notably, PIF-a retains structural integrity up to 250°C, with a hot oil adsorption capacity of 78.6 g/g at 200°C. Despite repeated adsorption-desorption cycles, PIF-a's capacity remains stable, retaining over 90% of its initial performance. This breakthrough material, with its exceptional thermal stability, rapid adsorption kinetics, and durable reusability, represents a significant advancement in high-temperature oil absorption technology, broadening the application potential of nanofiber-based materials in addressing environmental oil spill emergencies.
A novel integrated method of detection-grasping for specific object based on the box coordinate matching
Authors: Liu Zongmin , Qin Lei , Wang Jirui , Ao Wengang , Ren Kai
Published: November 2024

To better care for the elderly and disabled, it is essential for service robots to have an effective fusion method of object detection and grasp estimation. However, limited research has been observed on the combination of object detection and grasp estimation. To overcome this technical difficulty, a novel integrated method of detection-grasping for specific object based on the box coordinate matching is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the SOLOv2 instance segmentation model is improved by adding channel attention module (CAM) and spatial attention module (SAM). Then, the atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) and CAM are added to the generative residual convolutional neural network (GR-CNN) model to optimize grasp estimation. Furthermore, a detection-grasping integrated algorithm based on box coordinate matching (DG-BCM) is proposed to obtain the fusion model of object detection and grasp estimation. For verification, experiments on object detection and grasp estimation are conducted separately to verify the superiority of improved models. Additionally, grasping tasks for several specific objects are implemented on a simulation platform, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of DG-BCM algorithm proposed in this paper.
Estimation of Daylily Leaf Area Index by Synergy Multispectral and Radar Remote-Sensing Data based on Machine-Learning Algorithm
Authors: Hu Minhuan , Wang Jingshu , Yang Peng , Li Ping , He Peng , Bi Rutian
Published: November 2024

Rapid and accurate leaf area index (LAI) determination is important to monitoring daylily growth, yield estimation, and field management. Because of low estimation accuracy of empirical models based on single-source data, we proposed a machine-learning algorithm combining optical and microwave remote-sensing data, and the random forest regression (RFR) importance score to select features. A high-precision LAI estimation model for daylilies was constructed by optimizing feature combinations. The RFR importance score screened the top five important features, including vegetation indices land surface water index (LSWI), generalized difference vegetation index (GDVI), normalized difference yellowness index (NDYI) and backscatter coefficients VV and VH. Vegetation index features characterized canopy moisture and color of daylilies, and the backscatter coefficient reflected dielectric properties and geometric structure. Selected features were sensitive to daylily LAI. The RFR algorithm had good anti-noise performance and strong fitting ability; thus, its accuracy was better than the partial least squares regression and artificial neural network models. Synergistic optical and microwave data more comprehensively reflected the physical and chemical properties of daylilies, making the RFR-VI-BC05 model after feature selection better than the others. This study expanded methods for estimating daylily LAI by combining optical and radar data, providing technical support for daylily management.
Early-life Environment Protection Experience of Political Leaders and Carbon Governance: Evidence from China
Authors: Yang Zhenbing , Jia Kehong , Shao Shuai , Wang Sijie , Hao Chunyan
Published: November 2024

In this study, the impact of the Communist Party secretary’s early-life experience on carbon governance is explored. The findings demonstrate that a secretary’s early-life environment protection experience can dramatically lower a city’s carbon intensity. This conclusion remains unchanged after considering the role of the mayor, reducing central government’s selection bias, and using the duration of early-life environment protection experience for instrumental variable estimation. This negative impact is more apparent after the central government introduced mandatory low-carbon targets for all provinces. For secretaries with early-life environmental protection experience, a background of local promotion and a background in liberal arts result in a more drastic drop in carbon intensity. Due to the improved technical efficiency and low-carbon total factor productivity, secretaries with early-life environmental protection experience can lower carbon intensity from the perspective of intensive production.
Dynamics of genetic diversity and population structure of Eucalyptus urophylla in Indonesia Islands using SNP Data
Authors: Silva Dandara Yasmim Bonfim Oliveira , Rosa João R. B.F. , Souza Izabel Christina Gava , Nunes Maria Paula Barion Alves , Benatti Thiago Romanos , Fernandes Aline Cristina Miranda , Matos Jose Wilacildo , Oda Shinitiro , Beerli Peter , Tambarussi Evandro Vagner
Published: November 2024

Eucalyptus urophylla is one of the most economically important species in the world due to its wood quality and tolerance to water stress. Understanding the genetic composition at the population level of this species is essential for the sustainable and efficient management and utilization of its genetic resources. This study describes the genetic diversity and population structure of E. urophylla from progenies collected on four islands in Indonesia (Wetar, Timor, Lembata, and Adonara) and conserved ex situ in Brazil. A total of 692 open-pollinated adult individuals from 17 populations were genotyped using 5,374 SNP markers. Analyses of diversity (observed heterozygosity, \(\:{H}_{o}\), and expected heterozygosity, \(\:{H}_{e}\)), population hierarchical levels (\(\:{F}_{ST},\:{F}_{IT},\:\text{a}\text{n}\text{d}\:{F}_{IS}\)), effective population size (\(\:{N}_{e}\)), ancestry, PCA, and dendrogram Neighbor-Joining were conducted. The populations showed greater genetic differentiation at the island level (\(\:{F}_{ST}\) ≤0.055). The estimates of genetic diversity were moderate, with \(\:{H}_{o}\) ranging from 0.39 to 0.47, being higher than \(\:{H}_{e}\), which ranged from 0.30 to 0.36. The sublevels \(\:{F}_{IS}\) and \(\:\:{F}_{IT}\) showed negative estimates, indicating a high proportion of heterozygous individuals in the populations and a negative intraclass correlation, showing that alleles were more related among populations than within them. The populations exhibited low genetic differentiation among themselves (\(\:{F}_{ST}\)=0.05). The analyses showed a clear and significant separation of two genetic clusters. The observed genetic diversity and structure ensure that ex situ conservation can be effectively carried out, preserving and exploring the genetic variability found in natural populations.
Novel Cu-II Complexes of 2-Hydroxy 4-Methoxy Benzylidene 2-Hydroxy Benzhydrazide: Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Thermal, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Catalytic activity Study
Authors: Korane Sangeeta , Bhosale Babasaheb , Jadhav Amol Maruti
Published: November 2024

The novel hydrazone ligand 2-hydroxy 4-methoxy benzylidene 2-hydroxy benzhydrazide [HL] was prepared by condensing 2-hydroxy benzhydrazide and 2-hydroxy 4-methoxy benzaldehyde in methanol solvent. The Cu-II complexes [Cu(HL)(NO3)].1/3H2O (1a), [{Cu (HL)}2 (μ-SO4)].12/3H2O(2a), [Cu(HL)(H2O) Cl](3a) were synthesized by refluxing Cu-II salts CuNO3.3H2O CuSO4.5H2O and CuCl2.2H2O with methanol solution of [HL] and characterized by spectral techniques (FT-IR,1H-NMR,13C–NMR,UV-Visible, PXRD study).The complexes are further characterized by thermo gravimetric(TG)analysis, molar conductivity, elemental analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurement study. FT-IR spectra provides valuable information about different coordination sites. UV-Visible spectroscopy reflect LMCT bands from 242718- 261780 cm-1 and d-d bands in the range of 143884-156250 cm-1 in addition to n-π*and π -π*transition in all complexes. Square planar to square pyramidal geometry was proposed for all complexes as illustrated in magnetic, electronic and spectroscopic data. X-ray powder diffraction analysis reveals crystalline nature for all complexes. The experimental results of TGA analysis are in good agreement with spectroscopic data of complexes. A comparison of spectroscopic and physicochemical data are very useful in creating correct assignments and understanding of structure of complex. The ligand act as tribasic tridentate chelating through the phenolate oxygen, azomethine nitrogen and oxygen of enolate donar functionality with copper-II ion. The antibacterial potential of synthesized complex catalysts was evaluated against human pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus subtilties, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas velgaris,and Staphylococcus aureus etc. Also, the Cu (II) complexes demonstrate significant antioxidant activity. The catalytic performance in alcohol oxidation using hydrogen peroxide as a green oxidant is also investigated.