bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Many-Body, Fully Polarizable Approach to QM/MM Simulations
Authors: Lambros Eleftherios , Lipparini Filippo , Cisneros G. Andres , Lab Paesani
Published: September 2020

We present a new development in quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) methods by replacing conventional MM models with data-driven many-body (MB) representations rigorously derived from high-level QM calculations. The new QM/MM approach builds on top of mutually polarizable QM/MM schemes developed for polarizable force fields with inducible dipoles and uses permutationally invariant polynomials to effectively account for quantum- mechanical contributions (e.g., exchange-repulsion, and charge transfer and penetration) that are difficult to describe by classical expressions adopted by conventional MM models. Us- ing the many-body MB-pol and MB-DFT potential energy functions for water, which include explicit 2-body and 3-body terms fitted to reproduce the corresponding CCSD(T) and PBE0 2- body and 3-body energies for water, we demonstrate a smooth energetic transition as molecules are transferred between QM and MM regions, without the need of a transition layer. By effectively elevating the accuracy of both the MM region and the QM/MM interface to that of the QM region, the new QM/MB-MM approach achieves an accuracy comparable to that obtained with a fully QM treatment of the entire system.
π-Extended Helical Nanographenes: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Naphtho[1,2-a]pyrenes
Authors: Sitaula Paban , Malone Ryan , Longhi Giovanna , Abbate Sergio , Gualtieri Eva , Lucotti Andrea , Tommasini Matteo , Franzini Roberta , Villani Claudio , Catalano Vincent J. , Chalifoux Wesley
Published: September 2020

A mild and efficient synthesis of a broad scope of substituted naphtho[1,2-a]pyrene derivatives was accomplished in good yields using an InCl3/AgNTf2-mediated two-fold alkyne benzannulation reaction. HPLC enantiomeric separation was achieved and the interconversion barriers have been determined. The ECD spectra of two derivatives were recorded and interpreted through TD-DFT calculations. Raman spectra were also recorded and predicted through DFT calculations.
Stage-1 Cationic C60 Intercalated Graphene Oxide Films
Authors: Chen Xianjue , Ching Karin , Rawal Aditya , Lawes Douglas , Tajiki Mohammad , Donald William , Lee Sun Hwa , Ruoff Rodney
Published: September 2020

A “stage-1” intercalated film has been made by the ion exchange of “cationic C60” (pyrrolidinium-functionalised C60, C60(Py)n+) into centimetre-wide, micrometre-thick air-dried graphene oxide (G-O) films composed of tens of thousands of layers of stacked/overlapping G-O platelets, denoted [C60(Py)n+]G-O films. Spontaneous intercalation by ion exchange of one layer of cationic C60 between adjacent G-O layers expands the interlayer spacing of the films from 0.74 nm to 1.46 nm. The films remain intact in water and various organic solvents, which is likely due to a strong affinity between C60(Py)n+ and G-O. Membranes made of the films showed a 6.8 times faster water vapour permeation rate (allowing the vapour to transport through the membrane almost freely) and a 10.5 times faster liquid water permeation rate than G-O membranes. Heating the films at 2000 °C under applied pressure or at 2700 °C without physical confinement converted them into highly graphitised structures.
Barrier-Free Reverse-Intersystem Crossing by Strong Light-Matter Coupling
Authors: YU Yi , Mallick Suman , Wang Mao , Börjesson Karl
Published: September 2020

Strong light-matter coupling provides the means to challenge the traditional rules of chemistry. In particular, an energy inversion of singlet and triplet excited states would be fundamentally remarkable since it would violate the classical Hund’s rule. An organic chromophore possessing a lower singlet excited state can effectively harvest the “dark” triplet states, thus enabling 100% internal quantum efficiency in electrically pumped light-emitting diodes and lasers. Here we demonstrate unambiguously an inversion of singlet and triplet excited states of a prototype molecule by strong coupling to an optical cavity. The inversion not only implies that the polaritonic state lies at a lower energy, but also a direct energy pathway between the triplet and polaritonic states is opened. The intrinsic photophysics of reversed-intersystem crossing are thereby completely overturned from an endothermic process to an exothermic one. By doing so, we show that it is possible to break the limit of Hund’s rule and manipulate the energy flow in molecular systems by strong light-matter coupling. Our results will directly promote the development of organic light-emitting diodes based on reversed-intersystem crossing. Moreover, we anticipate that it provides the pathway to the creation of electrically pumped polaritonic lasers in organic systems.
Polariton-Assisted Excitation Energy Channeling in Organic Heterojunctions
Authors: Wang Mao , Hertzog Manuel , Börjesson Karl
Published: September 2020

Exciton-polaritons are hybrid light-matter states resulting from strong exciton-photon coupling. The wave function of the polariton is a mixture of light and matter, enabling long-range energy transfer between spatially separated chromophores. Moreover, their delocalized nature, inherited from the photon component, has been predicted to enhance exciton transport. Here, we strongly couple an organic heterojunction consisting of energy/electron donor and acceptor materials to the same cavity mode. Using time-resolved spectroscopy and optoelectrical characterization, we show that the rate of exciton harvesting is enhanced with one order of magnitude and the rate of energy transfer in the system is increased two- to threefold in the strong coupling regime. Our results exemplify two means of efficiently channeling excitation energy to a heterojunction interface, where charge separation can occur. This study opens a new door to increase the overall efficiency of light harvesting systems using the tool of strong light-matter interactions.
EKSISTENSI CERITA SI PITUNG PADA ANAK-ANAK MASYARAKAT BETAWI
Authors: Amanat Tri
Published: September 2020

This study seeks to trace the existence of the Si Pitung story among Betawi children and to find variants that exist through interviews with Betawi figures who are considered to understand about this story. This research was a qualitative descriptive-analytic study with a sociological approach and literary reception. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, and questionnaires. There were seven-figure informants about the variant of the story and 105 Betawi children as questionnaire informants. Child informants came from; Setu Babakan, Rawa Belong, and Marunda. The results showed that 94% informants said they knew "Pitung". The role of family and environment is important in transmitting Si Pitung tale. The role of community leaders and school libraries is still considered important as a source of knowledge about Si Pitung. Si Pitung is real is believed by 99% of informants. The film plays a major role in the formation of images related to the physical form of Si Pitung. They hope that the government, the private sector, and the media will play a significant role in helping preserve Si Pitung's tale. Based on information from seven-figure it’s found variants of the story which include; (1) the origin of Si Pitung (place of birth and original name), (2) resistance or struggle areas of Si Pitung, (3) physical and magic powers of Pitung, (4) cause of death and grave location of Si Pitung, and (5) the predicate of Si Pitung.Penelitian ini berusaha menelusuri eksistensi cerita Si Pitung di kalangan anak-anak Betawi serta varian yang eksis melalui wawancara dengan tokoh-tokoh yang memahami seputar cerita ini. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan resepsi sastra. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengamatan, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Informan seputar varian cerita ada tujuh tokoh dan informan kuesioner sejumlah 105 anak Betawi. Informan anak berasal dari daerah permukiman Betawi; Setu Babakan, Rawa Belong, dan Marunda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 94% informan menyatakan “tahu” Si Pitung. Peran keluarga dan lingkungan penting dalam transmisi cerita Si Pitung. Peran tokoh masyarakat dan sekolah/perpustakaan masih dianggap vital sebagai sumber pengetahuan perihal Si Pitung. Si Pitung adalah nyata diyakini oleh 99% informan. Film berperan besar dalam pembentukan imaji wujud fisik Si Pitung. Mereka berharap pemerintah, swasta, dan media lebih berperan membantu pelestarian cerita Si Pitung. Berdasar informasi dari tujuh tokoh ditemukan varian-varian cerita yang meliputi; (1) asal-usul Si Pitung (tempat lahir dan nama asli), (2) lokasi perlawanan atau perjuangan Si Pitung, (3) fisik dan ilmu/kesaktian Si Pitung, (4) penyebab kematian dan lokasi makam Si Pitung, serta (5) predikat Si Pitung
MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK TOKOH PEREMPUAN NOVEL 3 SRIKANDI KARYA SILVARANI: KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Palupi Tri Isti , Saddhono Kundharu
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research is to describe the mechanism in resolving conflicts that are reflected in the wo-men characters in novel 3 Srikandi by Silvarani. This research is descriptive study with a literary psycholo-gical approach. Collection data techniques used are content analysis. The stages of analysis conducted in this research are; (1) data reduction, sorts out the data that has been collected and groups in to categories. (2) da-ta display, make data analysis and description of each data in each category. (3) conclusion drawing, at this stage the researcher draws conclusions from the analysis that has been done. The results of this research indi-cate that conflict resolving can vary, it depends on the cause of the conflict. The selection of conflict resolving is not only influenced by the causes but also by the individual's personality. In novel 3 Srikandi by Silvarani found several categories of conflict resolving as follows; (1) conflict due to the id that is resolved by the ego. (2) conflicts due to id resolved by superego. (3) conflict due to ego which is resolved by id. (4) conflict due to ego which is resolved by the superego. (5) conflict due to supergo that is resolved by the ego. and (6) conflicts due to superego that are resolved by id.Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mendeskripsikan mekanisme penyelesaian konflik yang tecermin dari tokoh perempuan dalam novel 3 Srikandi karya Silvarani. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian des-kriptif kulitatif dengan pendekatan psikologi sastra. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yakni content analisys. Tahapan analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu; (1) reduksi data, peneliti memilah-milah data yang telah terkumpul dan mengelompokkan ke dalam kategorinya;  (2) display data, peneliti mulai analisis data dan memberi deskripsi setiap data pada setiap kate-gori; (3) concusion drawing, pada tahap ini peneliti menarik simpulan dari analisis yang telah di-lakukan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian konflik dapat berbeda-beda. Hal tersebut bergantung pada penyebab konflik itu. Pemilihan penyesaian konflik selain dipengaruhi oleh faktor penyebabnya juga dipengaruhi oleh kepribadian individu itu sendiri. Dalam novel 3 Srikandi karya Silvarani ditemukan beberapa kategori penyelesaian konflik. Konflik tersebut yakni sebagai berikut: (1) konflik akibat id yang diselesaikan oleh ego; (2) konflik akibat id yang diselesai-kan oleh superego; (3) konflik akibat ego yang diselesaikan oleh id; (4) konflik akibat ego yang dise-lesaikan oleh superego; (5) konflik akibat superego yang diselesaikan oleh ego; dan (6) konflik akibat superego yang diselesaikan oleh id.
multicrispr: gRNA design for prime editing and parallel targeting of thousands of targets
Authors: Bhagwat Aditya M , Graumann Johannes , Wiegandt Rene , Bentsen Mette , Welker Jordan , Kuenne Carsten , Preussner Jens , Braun Thomas , Looso Mario
Published: September 2020

Targeting the coding genome to introduce nucleotide deletions/insertions via the CRISPR/Cas9 technology has become a standard procedure. It has quickly spawned a multitude of methods such as prime editing, APEX proximity labeling, or homology directed repair, for which supporting bioinformatics tools are, however, lagging behind. New CRISPR/Cas9 applications often require specific gRNA design functionality, and a generic tool is critically missing. Here, we introduce multicrispr, an R/bioconductor tool, intended to design individual gRNAs and complex gRNA libraries. The package is easy to use; detects, scores, and filters gRNAs on both efficiency and specificity; visualizes and aggregates results per target or CRISPR/Cas9 sequence; and finally returns both genomic ranges and sequences of gRNAs. To be generic, multicrispr defines and implements a genomic arithmetic framework as a basis for facile adaptation to techniques recently introduced such as prime editing or yet to arise. Its performance and design concepts such as target set–specific filtering render multicrispr a tool of choice when dealing with screening-like approaches.
Labour’s Leaked Report: Who Is to Blame for Antisemitism in Britain’s Labour Party?
Authors: Rich Dave
Published: September 2020

In April 2020, shortly after Keir Starmer replaced Jeremy Corbyn as leader of the UK Labour Party, an internal party report concerning the workings of Labour's internal disciplinary unit in relation to antisemitism was leaked to the media. This report was over 850 pages long and was intended to be submitted to the Equality and Human Rights Commission, which is conducting an inquiry into allegations of antisemitism in the Party. However, Labour's lawyers refused to allow it to be used, almost certainly because the content was so damaging to the Party's own defence. It confirmed many of the claims made by Jewish Party members and community organisations during Corbyn's leadership of the party, namely that the disciplinary system was not fit for purpose and cases of alleged antisemitism were ignored or delayed and punishments were too weak. When it was leaked the report caused a scandal because it claimed that Corbyn's efforts to deal with antisemitism were sabotaged by his own Party staff, who were mostly drawn from factions opposed to his left wing project. Furthermore, the report claimed that this was part of a broader conspiracy against Corbyn that even extended to Labour Party staff trying to prevent a Labour victory in the 2017 General Election. The leaked report is selective and inaccurate in many respects and ignores the role played by Corbyn and his close advisers in denying the problem of antisemitism existed. Nor does it address the reasons why people with antisemitic views were attracted to Labour under his leadership. It is most likely that it was written to allow Corbyn and his supporters to continue to claim that their project did not fail on its own merits, but was betrayed by internal saboteur
Potansiyel Antioksidan Kaynağı Olarak Briyofitler
Authors: TÜRKER Hüseyin , TÜRKYILMAZ ÜNAL Bengü
Published: September 2020

İnsanlığın varoluşundan bu yana tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler önemli yere sahip olmuştur. Son yıllarda doğala yönelişle birlikte hastalıklara karşı korunmada ve tedavide sekonder bileşik içerikleri yüksek olan tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin kullanımı artmıştır. Hastalıkların temel nedenlerinden biri olan oksidatif stres, serbest radikaller ve antioksidanlar arasındaki dengesizlikten kaynaklanmaktadır. İstenmeyen bu durum ile mücadele etmede organizmalar endojen ya da ekzojen kaynaklı antioksidanlara ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Günümüzde dejeneratif hastalıklarla mücadelede etkili olan doğal antioksidanların araştırılması zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Vasküler bitkilerin doğal antioksidan kaynağı oldukları iyi bilinmesine rağmen diğer bitki grupları özellikle de briyofitler hakkında çok az veri bulunmaktadır. Briyofitler en eski kara bitkileri olarak sekonder metabolitlerce zengin, abiyotik ve biyotik streslere karşı adaptasyon yetenekleri yüksek bitkilerdir. Briyofitlerin zengin antioksidan kaynağı oldukları ve kullanımlarının artması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Green citizenship towards spatial and lived perspectives
Authors: Wood Bronwyn , Kallio KP
Published: September 2020

© 2020 selection and editorial matter, Simin Davoudi, Richard Cowell, Iain White and Hilda Blanco. Green citizenship has received growing interest in the past two decades given the current grave ecological concerns and an increasing awareness that environmental degradation and change implicates directly on the rights and responsibilities of citizens. Yet as a field, it still involves static and instrumentalist conceptions of citizenship and the environment. In this chapter, we propose more dynamic, transnational and inclusive notions of lived green citizenship, drawing on feminist theorisation and citizenship conceptions introduced by Engin Isin. We argue for a greater acknowledgement of spatial relationality and the multiple scalar and practised dimensions of citizenship in order to recognise the diversity of citizens represented in society, and their experiences and practices. We suggest that this broader understanding of green citizenship provides access to trans-local and networked thinking for environmental planning, citizenship and political theory, as well as highlighting the importance of lived experiences of citizenship.
WAYS OF SMART-UNIVERSITY DEVELOPMENT (EXPERIENCE OF BORYS GRINCHENKO KYIV UNIVERSITY)
Authors: Morse Natalia , Nepreenko Lena , Smyrnova-Trybulska Yevheniya
Published: September 2020

The article considers the meaning of the concept of SMART as "intelligent, intelligent", the abbreviation is also deciphered as follows: S - the goal should be clear, specifically defined and formulated, and the result to be obtained, understandable; M - the goal must be measurable (in monetary units, percentages, points, etc.); A - it is necessary to set sufficiently complex goals that involve efforts and innovation; R - the goal must be realistic within the available resources, knowledge and time to achieve it; T - the goal must be determined in time. The properties of SMART-university are determined: flexibility of learning in an interactive educational environment containing a modern electronic component; provides personal and adaptive learning for students; free access of all participants in the educational process to content, including electronic, from anywhere in the world. The model of SMART-system and preconditions of SMART-university development are given, which include technological factors that provide new tools and technologies for learning in the modern information and telecommunication environment; social factors, which include the needs of society in obtaining a new quality of educational services; economic factors, which are that education has always made a significant contribution to the development of macroeconomics. And in the conditions of formation of a digital society the transformed system of education will promote definition of a place of university in development of innovative economy of the country. The main approaches to development management of SMART-University are generalized. Some aspects of the implementation of the components of SMART-university are covered, such as the e-learning system LMS, cloud technologies, institutional repository, Wiki-portal, electronic document management, etc. Proposals for improving development management based on the generalization of foreign experience in the organization of adult education and its adaptation to the realities of the Ukrainian university are described. The results of a survey of students and teachers on the development of SMART-space at the university (on the example of BGKU) are analyzed. Some recommendations are presented, in particular, that one of the conditions of a scientifically organized and theoretically sound system of lifelong learning is the organization of SMART-space at the university
“Yezahlaştırma” kavramının çeviribilime kazandırılması
Authors: YALIM Sinem Alev
Published: September 2020

Bu makalenin amacı yerelleştirme ve yerlileştirmeyi ortak kullanım sayesinde birleştiren “yezahlaştırma” kavramını çeviribilime kazandırmaktır. Çeviribilimin özellikle birinci paradigmasından bahsedecek olursak, “kelimesi kelimesine” tarzı çevirilere ne kadar bağlı olunduğu apaçık görülmektedir. Zamanla bunun daimi bir çözüm yolu olmadığı fark edilince bu durum bir nevi evrimleşmeye neden olmuştur ve paradigmalar değişmiştir. Değerler dizisi farklılaşarak ilk benimsenen yöntemden sıyrılıp kelime yerine anlam odaklı gelişmeye başlamıştır. Hal böyle olunca çevirmen tabiri caizse prangalarından kurtulup özgürlüğüne kavuşmaya yaklaşmıştır. Skopos kuramına burada değinmek gerekir. Amaca yönelik çeviriyi benimseyen bu kuram çevirmenin özgürlüklerini artırır. Yezahlaştırma kavramı da belli bir amaç doğrultusunda çevirmenin özgürlüklerini daha da artıracaktır. Toplumlar kendi kültürlerini başka dillere aktarırken zaman zaman sıkıntıya düşmüşlerdir. Tam da bu sırada imdadımıza yerelleştirme yetişmektedir. Yerelleştirme kısaca, bir ürünün kaynak kitlede olduğu gibi erek kitlede de aynen işlemesine/aynı etkiyi yaratmasına verilen isimdir. Yezahlaştırma özellikle oyun yerelleştirmelerinde kullanılabilecek olan yeni bir yöntemdir. Bunun dışında yezahlaştırma aslında gerçek hayatta çokça karşılaştığımız bir metottur, örneğin altyazı çevirileri. Çevirmenlerin dizi/film çevirilerinde ara sıra kendilerince espri yaptıkları saptanmıştır. İzleyici kitlenin bu tarz çevirilere açık olduğu ve olumlu karşıladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu makalede esprili çevirileri kazanmak için bunların yeni bir isim altında (yezahlaştırma), belli bir amaç ve yönteme bağlanarak toplanması hedeflenmiştir.
The interpreter in (inter)action: Divergent renditions in consecutive interpreting
Authors: KINCAL Şeyda
Published: September 2020

This paper aims to present and discuss the findings of the author’s PhD thesis on consecutive interpreting in context (Eraslan 2011). After putting forth the rationale for and laying the foundations to the study, it will provide part of the results pertaining to the analysis of the real-life interpreting performance of an interpreter at two events within the same macro-context. The events will be described within a multi-layer approach to context. Thus, the institutional, socio-cultural, and situational contexts will be briefly mentioned. The discussion will focus on the involvement and active role of the interpreter reflected at the utterance level through the differences between the original speech and the target speech framed as divergent renditions (Wadensjö 1998) at two events. These divergent renditions include instances where the interpreter employs various strategies in the interaction, taking an active role and assuming responsibility depending on user expectations as well as contextual and situational factors.
A study on the relationship between translation ecology and food translation
Authors: HASTÜRKOĞLU Gökçen
Published: September 2020

Despite the multidisciplinary nature of food studies and its being one of the most interesting subjects among cross-cultural research, the concept of food has not been dwelled upon as it is expected within the translation studies. As a representative of culture, food is traveling through language and translation has a significant effect either on its adoption or rejection by the target culture. Moving from the background of translation ecology and its interaction with food ecology, this study aims to reveal the effect of translators in the globalization of the food items or making them stay local through their strategies adopted in the translation process. In order to do so, the English translations of the food items in one of the best-selling Turkish modern novels, Piraye, were investigated, as it is set in Diyarbakır, a representative city of the culinary culture of the South-eastern part of Turkey. During the data analysis of the randomly selected samples, the self-positioning of the translator was observed with the use of the strategies such as explanations, footnotes, omission, and addition. This study reveals in a general sense the dominant role of the translator within the frame of translation ecology and more specifically, his effective contribution to the process of the transfer of food items foregrounding the migratory nature of the culinary cultures.
ESTIMATING ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS THRESHOLD FOR NIGERIA: A GUIDE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
Authors: Jibrilla Aliyu Alhaji
Published: September 2020

This study empirically evaluates whether Green House Gases (GHGs) significantly increase with the rising population and urban growth in Nigeria. In addition, the study examine whether the energy demand also influences Nigerian contribution of global pollution emissions. The results of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration test indicated long-run and stable relationships among the variables. For affluence, we find evidence that, in the long run, domestic per capita income significantly increases carbon dioxide emissions and then falls after a certain extreme point, providing evidence of an inverted EKC hypothesis in Nigeria. The EKC finding was further supported by appropriate inverted U test. The results also demonstrated that both urbanisation and population change do not have a long term effect on emissions; although urbanisation seems to significantly raise emissions in the short-run.  Energy demand has been found to have a significantly positive elasticity effect on carbon dioxide emissions both in the long- and short-run. The short-run Granger causality results indicate that, all variables make a short-run adjustment to correct any deviation from the long-run equilibrium. In addition, analysis of the error correction models reveals that all of the variables contribute to their stable long-run relationship.
Penggunaan Bahan Tekstil Sebagai Penguat Pada Pembuatan Pipa Apung
Authors: Habibie Sudirman , Anggaravidya Mahendra , Amry Akhmad , Kalembang Eryanti
Published: September 2020

Pipa apung banyak digunakan pada industri pengerukan dan industri perminyakan.Â  Dari penggunaannya maka spesifikasi pipa apung harus mempunyai daya lentur (elasticity), kekuatan (strength), tahan air (water proof), tahan minyak (oil resistance), dan tahan panas (hot resistance).Â  Untuk itu pada pembuatannya, pipa apung membutuhkan bahan baku yang baik diantaranya adalah bahan tekstil (kanvas) sebagai penguat yang terdiri dari serat-serat tekstil.Â  Dari hasil penelitian serat nylon mempunyai keunggulan sebagai penguat tekstil baik itu digunakan dalam bentuk benang maupun bentuk kain untuk pembuatan pipa apung. Pada pembuatan hose, bagaimanapun ikatan antara nylon dan karet sangat dibutuhkan untuk menerima beban yang besar, untuk itu dibutuhkan suatu adhesif yang dapat menyatukan antara nylon dan karet.Â  Dari pengujian yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pipa apung buatan BPPT telah memenuhi standard penggunaan pada industri perminyakan.
Perbandingan Film Antosianin Beras Merah Dan Kedelai Hitam Sebagai Kandidat Indikator Kualitas Susu Cair
Authors: Widiyatun Fita , Mulyaningsih Neng Nenden , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: September 2020

Susu cair merupakan minuman yang umum dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia, baik tua maupun muda. Susu mengandung nutrisi penting seperti vitamin, protein, kalsium, magnesium, fosfor dan zinc. Akan tetapi, susu juga merupakan media yang baik untuk pertumbuhan mikroba. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu alat untuk mengetahui kualitas susu cair. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan karakterisasi dan analisis terhadap film antosianin dari beras merah dan kedelai hitam. Film antosianin dibuat dengan menambahkan campuran chitosan dan polivinil alkohol dengan perbandingan 3:7 sebanyak 75 ml ke dalam antosianin beras merah dan kedelai hitam masing-masing sebanyak 25 ml. Film yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi dengan thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) pada atmosfer oksigen. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kedelai hitam memiliki kriteria yang lebih memungkinkan sebagai kandidat indikator kualitas susu cair dibandingkan dengan beras merah.
ASSESSMENT OF A LOW-COST SIDE-SCAN SONAR FOR RIVER ESTUARY UNDERWATER IMAGING
Authors: Febriawan Hendra Kurnia
Published: September 2020

River and estuary areas commonly exhibit complex and heterogeneous habitats. Thus, revealing the distribution of riverbed morphologies could promote the area management and habitats protection. Since the remote sensing method and manual survey are limited to use, side-scan sonar performs an expectant outcome in underwater habitat imaging. In shallow water and stream areas, low-cost side-scan sonar imaging has become a notable subject of study, yet its use in Indonesia is still limited. This study describes an investigation of the use of a recreational-grade side-scan sonar for stream underwater imaging. A visual inspection and interpretation were implemented using a free-cost sonar software. The result shows some underwater objects and debris could be portrayed perfectly and this indicates that the inexpensive sonar system is appropriate to be used in shallow water and stream areas with a non-rough sea surface. It is suggested that this system could provide a satisfactory product to the users who do not require high accuracy and high resolution of riverbed imagery.Keywords: estuary, river, underwater mapping, acoustic remote sensing, low-cost, side-scan sonar.
An integrated assessment of particulate respirators used as personal protection from ambient air pollution in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: McGuinness Kennedy L , Hinks Isabella R , Westcott Katherine E , Gheewala Shabbir H
Published: September 2020

The recent increase of fine particulate matter in Bangkok, Thailand has become a widespread public health concern. Wearing a particulate respirator is one method to reduce particulate inhalation and therefore mitigate the adverse health effects of ambient air pollution. This study provides an integrated assessment of seven particulate respirator models based on three criteria: effectivity, cost, and environmental impact. The overall effectivity of each model is evaluated by assessing the product’s features associated with facial fit. The cost criterion reflects current market prices for bulk and individual orders. Thirdly, an environmental impact score is determined for the product life cycle of each respirator using life cycle assessment. The study assesses each respirator as it would be manufactured, distributed, used, and disposed of in Bangkok, Thailand. The integrated assessment results in twelve distinct consumer frameworks, reliant on variations of the three criteria, to provide guidance for policy makers and independent consumers in the selection of particulate respirators to optimally suit their needs. Ultimately, the data suggest that a buyer’s ideal respirator choice for short-term use is a disposable particulate respirator with a head strap. For long-term use, the study recommends a low-cost reusable respirator with an exhalation valve and replaceable filters. The average effectivity of reusable respirators is found to be greater than that of disposable respirators, due to their higher average number of available sizes. Reusable respirators are associated with consistently lower environmental impacts. The short-term cost of disposable respirators is much less than those of reusable models, however prices do converge over time.
GAMBARAN PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOSOSIAL MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DI SURABAYA
Authors: Candra Kirana Sukma Ayu , Mutyah Diyan , Rinarto Nisha Dharmayanti
Published: September 2020

Background: Young adulthood is a stage of human psychosocial development where individuals begin to accept and assume heavier responsibilities. At this stage of age, intimate relationships begin to be explored and experienced development, this is in line with the reproductive period that starts perfect. Intimacy is how individuals are able to foster intimate / close relationships and love with others.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to get a description of the psychosocial development of nursing students in the Surabaya area using an intimacy questionnaire.

Methods: The research method used was descriptive analysis by taking a sample of 50 nursing students from 5 nursing institutions in Surabaya so that the total sample was 250.

Results: The results in this study that discuss the psychososisal development in young adults obtained the results of most of the psychososisal development is less than optimal with 83 respondents (33.2%) because of the age factor that produces greater than 19 years.

Conclusion: So the need for activities that can support psychosocial development in students, especially in supporting the development of intimacy so that the development of intimacy in students can be optimal. Activities that can be carried out such as sharing activities between students and lecturers so that lecturers can help students in fulfilling their development tasks, and students need to play an active role in training themselves to improve the development of intimacy in themselves.
Peer Review JT - Maluku Ashamed
Authors: Gaspersz Steve Gerardo
Published: September 2020

Lembar Hasil Penilaian Sejawat Sebidang Book Chapter Maluku Ashamed
Kinerja Perawat RSUD Hasanuddin Damrah Manna
Authors: Agung Agung , Ratnawili Ratnawili
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh locus of control, self efficacydan self esteem terhadap kinerja perawat pada RSUD Hasanuddin Damrah Manna.Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 162 orang perawat yang bekerja pada RSUDHasanuddin Damrah Manna dan telah menjadi PNS, karena semua populasi dalampenelitian ini dijadikan sampel, maka metode pengambilan sampel dengan carasensus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis yangdigunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, koefesien determinasi dan pengujianhipotesis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari perhitungan persamaan regresi linierberganda dapat diketahui bahwa X1 (Locus of control), X2 (Self Efficacy) dan X3(Self Esteem) mempunyai pengaruh terhadap Kinerja (Y), dengan hasil uji regresi: Y = 10,422 + 0,172X1+0,257X2 + 0,335 X3. Nilai koefesien determinasi sebesardari R square yaitu sebesar sebesar 0324. Hal ini berarti bahwa X1 (Locus ofcontrol), X2 (Self Efficacy ) dan X3 (Self Esteem) berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja (Y) sebesar 32,4 % sedangkan sisanya 67,6% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktorpenyebab lainnya yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasilpengujian dengan uji t, hipotesis yang dibuat membuktikan ada pengaruh. VariabelX1 (Locus of control), X2 (Self Efficacy ) dan X3 (Self Esteem) menunjukkan nilaithitung lebih besar dari ttabel dan nilai signifikansi lebih kecil dari 0,05. Artinya X1(Locus of control), X2 (Self Efficacy ) dan X3 (Self Esteem), memiliki pengaruhyang positif dan signifikan secara partial terhadap kinerja (Y) perawat pada RSUDHasanuddin Damrah Manna. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan uji F,nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (25,221 > 3,05) dan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 artinyaterdapat pengaruh secara simultan dari X1 (Locus of control), X2 (Self Efficacy )dan X3 (Self Esteem), terhadap kinerja (Y) perawat pada RSUD HasanuddinDamrah MannaKata Kunci : Kinerja Perawat, Locus of control, Self Efficacy, Self Esteem
Peer Review JT - Teologi Agama-Agama di Indonesia
Authors: Gaspersz Steve Gerardo
Published: September 2020

Lembar Hasil Penilaian Sejawat Sebidang Artikel Jurnal Teologi Agama-Agama di Indonesia.
The scale of direct human impact on invertebrates
Authors: Rowe Abraham
Published: September 2020

Currently, estimates of the number of invertebrates used or killed by humans are very poor. Summing the rigorous estimates that exist, at least 7.2 trillion to 26 trillion invertebrates annually are killed directly by humans, and 18 trillion to 40 trillion are used but not killed annually. I also outline some of the largest invertebrate industries, and estimate the total number of invertebrates used or killed by humans. I don’t look at indirect deaths, such as invertebrates impacted by climate change. In total, not including nematodes, I believe between 100 trillion and 10 quadrillion invertebrates are directly killed or used annually by humans. The majority of this impact is caused by the application of agricultural pesticides.
Peer Review JT - To Embrace and Be Embraced
Authors: Gaspersz Steve Gerardo
Published: September 2020

Lembar Hasil Penelitian Sejawat Sebidang untuk Artikel Jurnal To Embrace and Be Embraced.
Alpha-1-Antitrypsin expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC-AAT) for the treatment of severe cases of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Strassmair Michael
Published: September 2020

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the search for specific forms of therapy began. Especially severe courses with multiorgan failure and the resulting long-term damage pose a particular challenge. The better understanding of immunological correlations in the context of the infection allowed the identification of specific infection pathways of the virus into the body cells as well as mechanisms in the development of a fatal cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Early clinical studies with mesenchymal stem cells could show a side-effect free modulating effect on this excessive immune reaction. In the severely affected regions of Northern Italy, coincidence with a latent congenital alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency was observed. In vitro experiments demonstrated an anti-infective and immunoregulatory effect of alpha-1-antitrypsin. Low plasma levels of this acute phase protein appear to play a central role in the development of severe and fatal disease. The combination of both principles in a genetically engineered stem cell with the ability to express alpha-1-antitrypsin seems logical. This cell therapy with its specific effect could be used especially in patients with a severe course of disease and a cytokine release syndrome.
Investigating multidimensionality of language lateralisation in left and right handed adults: an update on Woodhead et al. 2019
Authors: Woodhead Zoe Victoria Joan , Thompson Paul Andrew , Karlsson Emma M , Bishop Dorothy Vera Margaret
Published: September 2020

A previous study we reported in this journal suggested that left and right handers may differ in their patterns of lateralisation for different language tasks. However, it had too few left handers (N=7) to reach any conclusions. For this update paper, further participants were added to the sample to create separate groups of left (N=31) and right handers (N=43). Two hypotheses were tested: 1) that lateralisation would be weaker at the group level in left than right handers; and 2) that left handers would show weaker covariance in lateralisation between tasks, supporting a two factor model.All participants performed the same protocol as in our previous paper: lateralisation was measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography during six different language tasks, on two separate testing sessions. The results supported hypothesis 1, with significant differences in laterality between groups for four out of six tasks. For hypothesis 2, structural equation modelling showed that there was stronger evidence for a two factor model in left than right handers; furthermore, examination of the factor loadings suggested that the pattern of laterality across tasks may also differ between handedness groups. These results expand on what is known about the differences in laterality between left and right handers.
Critical review of “Regression to the mean does not explain away non-conscious processing” by Sklar, Goldstein & Hassin
Authors: Hesselmann Guido , Rothkirch Marcus
Published: September 2020

In our review, we show that Sklar, Goldstein, and Hassin’s (SGH) critical discussion of Shanks (2017) is lacking strong arguments that would allow to conclude that “regression to the mean does not explain away non-conscious processing” (title). In its current form, the manuscript by SGA (https://psyarxiv.com/evcgy/) is not a useful contribution to the field.
Investigating the Promise and Pitfalls of Pulse Surveys
Authors: Brown Matt
Published: September 2020

Despite the growing popularity and marketing of pulse surveys, there is little research concerning this practice. To this end, this practice forum reports the results of a four-wave pulse survey conducted in a health-care organization. Pulse surveys provided reliable estimates of overall engagement but scores remained stable across eight months. Practically no differences in group scores or trends could be found despite high participation. Item responses displayed little differences between groups and poor discriminant validity. Based on these results, pulse surveys may be adequate for estimating overall employee sentiment but not useful for detecting change over time or differences between groups. These limitations should be considered when designing or implementing pulse surveys.
Social Pleasures of Music
Authors: Nummenmaa Lauri , Putkinen Vesa , Sams Mikko
Published: September 2020

Humans across all societies engage in music-listening and making, which they find pleasurable, despite music having no obvious survival value. Here we review the neurobiology of musical pleasures and propose a “simulated sociability” hypothesis – that the social dimension of music is the key reason for musical hedonia. Neuroimaging studies show that positively and negatively valenced music elicit largely similar activation patterns, and that music induces comparable brain activity as social signals. We argue that this reflects the inherent sociability of music, and the fact that musical pleasures are consistently associated with autobiographical events linked with musical pieces. Brain’s mu-opioid receptor (OR) system governing social bonding also modulates musical pleasures, and listening to and making of music increase prosociality and OR activity. Finally, interpersonal synchrony signals affiliation, and music-induced movements increase social closeness and pleasant feelings. We conclude that these links between music, interpersonal synchrony and affiliation makes music so rewarding.
Coal Pillar Strength Formula in Indonesian coal mines
Authors: Putri Ratih Hardini Kusuma
Published: September 2020

In underground coal mines, coal pillars play a major rule in sustaining the weight of the overburden and protecting the stability of the entries and crosscut during mine development and production, allowing the miners to safely extract the coal¹. The determination of a coal pillar size is adjusted to the expected load and strength of the coal seam. It needs to consider several factors such as pillar load (stress within the pillar), pillar strength, and safety factors. In this determination, an analysis will be conducted using five similar coal pillar strengths including; Obert-Duvall Equation (1967), Holland Equation (1964), Holland-Gaddy Equation (1956), Salamon-Munro Equation (1967), and Bieniawski (1983). Using AirLaya seam as an example, we can combine the results of various equations. The coal used in the Airlaya research area has a value of k = 425.75, thus the strength of Airlaya insitu seam coal is estimated to be 161,607 Psi.
Međuovisnost različitih indikatora vitaliteta stabala i njihov odziv na klimatske uvjete na plohi obične bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.)
Authors: Ognjenović Mladen , Seletković Ivan , Indir Krunoslav , Ugarković Damir , Potočić Nenad , Levanič Tom
Published: September 2020

Interrelations of various common beech vitality indicators (crown defoliation, foliar chemistry, radial growth) as well as their possible dependencies on climatic conditions were investigated over the course of 12 years in a mature and healthy beech stand. Our results confirm the importance of temperature variables for defoliation, as high temperatures during spring and summer months induce the increase of defoliation. The same negative influence was observed with high maximum temperatures and low precipitation during previous year summer months. Phosphorus, calcium and magnesium nutrition of beech trees suffers from high temperatures during current year summer and benefits from more precipitation. High temperatures in current year May positively influence beech radial growth, while a wide range of minimum temperatures during March and June has a negative effect. In summary, high summer temperatures and low precipitation were shown to have a negative effect on all vitality indicators, and for defoliation and nutrition this effect can last into the following year.
Normal Tension vs High Tension Glaucoma: An Overview
Authors: Lešták Ján , Pitrová Šárka , Nutterová Elena , Bartošová Libuše
Published: September 2020

The study provides an up-to-date overview of pathogenesis, functional and structural changes in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and its differences from high tension glaucomas (HTG).

The authors point to less known facts which make both diagnostic groups different. First of all, there are electrophysiological findings that verify pathology in the complete visual pathway in HTG in contrast to NTG where the retinal ganglion cell response is relatively normal but the abnormalities are in the visual pathway. This corresponds to the findings of functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with a significant decrease in activity in HTG compared to NTG. We found a higher decrease in activity in HTG following application of the colour paradigm compared to NTG where we did not see a similar difference. We also investigated the central corneal thickness (CCT) in both diagnostic groups. We did not find a statistically significant difference. However, we found the effect of CCT on progression of the changes in visual fields in HTG. In relation to suspicion of abnormally low cerebrospinal pressure and a possible cerebrovascular fluid flow disturbance in NTG, we examined the optic nerve thickness (OND) and optic nerve sheath diameter (OSD) at a distance of 4, 8, 16 and 20mm from the posterior pole of the eye. In the comparison with the healthy population, we did not find any abnormalities except for the width of the optic chiasma that was markedly lower in NTG. In relation to a possible impairment of cerebral perfusion we determined the degrees of cerebral atrophy using magnetic resonance imaging by measuring the bicaudate ratio (BCR) and white matter lesions using the Fazekas scale. We did not find a difference between HTG and NTG in BCR. We found statistically significant changes in BCR which correlated with the changes in visual fields. The higher values of the pattern defect were associated with increased brain atrophy (BCR). We did not detect similar relations in the Fazekas scale. We found a significant difference in this parameter among NTG, HTG and a control group. We found the most advanced changes in the patients with HTG.

Conclusion: In HTG, impairment of retinal ganglion cells and subsequently also their axons, including visual cortex occurs because of a high intraocular pressure. In NTG, the retinal ganglion cells are relatively normal like the visual cortex, but alteration occurs in their axons. The cause is not a high intraocular pressure but most probably ischemia.