bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infinite-dimensional Modular Lie Superalgebras W and S of Cartan Type
Authors: Zhang Yongzheng , Liu Wende
Published: February 2014

The natural filtrations of infinite-dimensional modular Lie superalgebras W and S are proved to be invariant under their automorphism groups by means of investigating the ad-nilpotent elements and determining certain subalgebras generated by ad-nilpotent elements. As an application, we obtain an intrinsic characterization of W and S, and give a property of the automorphisms of these modular Lie superalgebras.
Hereditary and Semiperfect Distributive Rings
Authors: Hong Chan Yong , Kim Nam Kyun , Lee Yang
Published: February 2014

A ring R is called right distributive if its lattice of right ideals is distributive. In this paper, we investigate distributive rings. We prove that if a ring R is right hereditary, then R is right distributive if and only if R is weakly right duo. We also prove that right semiperfect right distributive rings are right quasi-continuous. Finally, it is proved that right perfect distributive rings are quasi-Frobenius. In addition, we add examples to the situations that occur naturally in the process of this paper.
Degree Stable Lie Algebras I
Authors: Nam Ki-Bong , Choi Seul Hee
Published: February 2014

We define a degree stable Lie algebra. Since the special type Lie algebra S+(2) is degree stable, we find the automorphism group Aut Lie (S+(2)) of the Lie algebra S+(2) and prove the Jacobian conjecture of the Lie algebra S+(2).
On Extended Reversible Rings
Authors: Başer Muhittin , Hong Chan Yong , Kwak Tai Keun
Published: February 2014

An endomorphism α of a ring R is called right reversible if whenever ab = 0 for a, b ∈ R, then bα(a) = 0. A ring R is called right α-reversible if there exists a right reversible endomorphism α of R. The notion of an α-reversible ring is a generalization of α-rigid rings as well as an extension of reversible rings. We study characterizations of α-reversible rings and their related properties including extensions. The relationship between α-reversible rings and generalized Armendariz rings is also investigated. Several known results relating to α-rigid and reduced rings can be obtained as corollaries of our results.
Gröbner–Shirshov Bases for Extensions of Algebras
Authors: Chen Yuqun
Published: February 2014

An algebra [Formula: see text] is called an extension of the algebra M by B if M2 = 0, M is an ideal of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as algebras. In this paper, by using Gröbner–Shirshov bases, we characterize completely the extensions of M by B. An algorithm to find the conditions of an algebra A to be an extension of M by B is obtained.
Quasi-pseudo Principally Injective Modules
Authors: Chaturvedi Avanish Kumar , Pandeya B. M. , Gupta A. J.
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the concept of quasi-pseudo principally injective modules is introduced and a characterization of commutative semi-simple rings is given in terms of quasi-pseudo principally injective modules. An example of pseudo M-p-injective module which is not M-pseudo injective is given.
On λ-Large Subgroups of Summable CΩ-Groups
Authors: Danchev Peter
Published: February 2014

Linton in 1978 proved that a λ-large subgroup of an abelian p-group A is totally projective if and only if A is totally projective. In this paper it will be shown that a special λ-large subgroup of a CΩ-p-group A is summable if and only if A is summable.
Quantum Double for a Weak T-Coalgebra
Authors: Jia Ling , Li Fang
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we mainly construct the quantum double D(H) of a weak T-coalgebra H and then prove that it is also a weak Hopf group coalgebra. Furthermore, we prove that the category of modules over D(H) is isomorphic to the category of weak Yetter–Drinfeld group modules.
The Finite-dimensional Modular Lie Superalgebra Γ
Authors: Xu Xiaoning , Zhang Yongzheng , Chen Liangyun
Published: February 2014

A new family of finite-dimensional modular Lie superalgebras Γ is defined. The simplicity and generators of Γ are studied and an explicit description of the derivation superalgebra of Γ is given. Moreover, it is proved that Γ is not isomorphic to any known Lie superalgebra of Cartan type.
Automorphism Group of a Class of Gradation Shifting Toroidal Lie Algebras
Authors: Xia Zhangsheng , Tan Shaobin , Lian Haifeng
Published: February 2014

Let [Formula: see text] be the ring of Laurent polynomials in commuting variables. As a generalization of the toroidal Lie algebra, the gradation shifting toroidal Lie algebra [Formula: see text] is isomorphic to the corresponding (centerless) toroidal Lie algebra so(n, ℂ) ⨂ A of type B or D as a vector space, with the Lie bracket twisted by n fixed elements E1,…,En from A. In this paper, we study the automorphisms of the gradation shifting toroidal algebra [Formula: see text], which is proved to be closely related to a class of subgroups of GL(n,ℤ), called the linear groups over semilattices. We use the linear group over a special semilattice to determine the automorphism group of the gradation shifting toroidal algebra [Formula: see text], which extends our earlier work.
Commutativity and Skew-commutativity Conditions with Generalized Derivations
Authors: De Filippis Vincenzo , Rehman Nadeem ur
Published: February 2014

Let R be a prime ring of characteristic different from 2 with extended centroid C. Let F be a generalized derivation of R, L a non-central Lie ideal of R, f(x1, …, xn) a polynomial over C and f(R)={f(r1, …, rn): ri ∈ R}. We study the following cases: (1) [F(u), F(v)]k=0 for all u, v ∈ L, where k ≥ 1 is a fixed integer; (2) [F(u), F(v)] = 0 for all u, v ∈ f(R); (3) F(u) ◦ F(v)=0 for all u, v ∈ f(R); (4) F(u) ◦ F(v)=u ◦ v for all u, v ∈ f(R). We obtain a description of the structure of R and information on the form of F.
A Generalization of Semiregular and Almost Principally Injective Rings
Authors: Özcan A. Çiğdem , Aydoğdu Pınar
Published: February 2014

In this article, we call a ring R right almost I-semiregular for an ideal I of R if for any a ∈ R, there exists a left R-module decomposition lRrR(a) = P ⊕ Q such that P ⊆ Ra and Q ∩ Ra ⊆ I, where l and r are the left and right annihilators, respectively. This generalizes the right almost principally injective rings defined by Page and Zhou, I-semiregular rings defined by Nicholson and Yousif, and right generalized semiregular rings defined by Xiao and Tong. We prove that R is I-semiregular if and only if for any a ∈ R, there exists a decomposition lRrR(a) = P ⊕ Q, where P = Re ⊆ Ra for some e2 = e ∈ R and Q ∩ Ra ⊆ I. Among the results for right almost I-semiregular rings, we show that if I is the left socle Soc (RR) or the right singular ideal Z(RR) or the ideal Z(RR) ∩ δ(RR), where δ(RR) is the intersection of essential maximal left ideals of R, then R being right almost I-semiregular implies that R is right almost J-semiregular for the Jacobson radical J of R. We show that δl(eRe) = e δ(RR)e for any idempotent e of R satisfying ReR = R and, for such an idempotent, R being right almost δ(RR)-semiregular implies that eRe is right almost δl(eRe)-semiregular.
Extreme Ranks of a Partial Banded Block Quaternion Matrix Expression Subject to Some Matrix Equations with Applications
Authors: Lian Dezhong , Wang Qingwen , Tang Yan
Published: February 2014

We establish the formulas of the maximal and minimal ranks of a 3 × 3 partial banded block matrix [Formula: see text] where X and Y are a pair variant quaternion matrices subject to linear quaternion matrix equations A1X=C1, XB1=C2, A2Y=D1, YB2=D2. As applications, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for the solvability to the quadratic system A1X=C1, XB1=C2, A2Y=D1, YB2=D2, XPY=J over the quaternion algebra. We also give the conditions for the rank invariance of the quadratic matrix expression XPY=J subject to the linear quaternion matrix equations mentioned above.
On the Non-abelian Tensor Product of Groups
Authors: Moghaddam Mohammad Reza R. , Mirzaei Fateme
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we study some properties of the non-abelian tensor product of two groups G and H. More precisely, if G is abelian and H is a nilpotent group, then an upper bound for the exponent of G ⊗ H is obtained. Using our results, we obtain some upper bounds for the exponent of the Schur multiplier of the non-abelian tensor product of groups. Finally, an abelian group is constructed by taking non-abelian tensor product of groups.
On Complete Intersections Contained in Cohen-Macaulay and Gorenstein Ideals
Authors: Ragusa Alfio , Zappalà Giuseppe
Published: February 2014

We look for complete intersections containing certain arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay schemes, and give a complete description in the case of 2-codimensional arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay schemes and 3-codimensional arithmetically Gorenstein schemes. In particular, we prove that in these cases the sets of types of complete intersections containing such schemes have a unique minimal element and we compute it.
Parameterization of Irreducible Characters for p-Solvable Groups
Authors: Puig Lluis
Published: February 2014

The weights for a finite group G with respect to a prime number p were introduced by Jon Alperin, in order to formulate his celebrated conjecture. In 1992, Everett Dade formulated a refinement of Alperin's conjecture involving ordinary irreducible characters — with their defect — and, in 2000, Geoffrey Robinson proved that the new conjecture holds for p-solvable groups. But this refinement is formulated in terms of a vanishing alternating sum, without giving any possible refinement for the weights. In this note we show that, in the case of the p-solvable finite groups, the method developed in a previous paper can be suitably refined to provide, up to the choice of a polarization ω, a natural bijection — namely compatible with the action of the group of outer automorphisms of G — between the sets of absolutely irreducible characters of G and of G-conjugacy classes of suitable inductive weights, preserving blocks and defects.
Direct Sums of Hollow-lifting Modules
Authors: Wang Yongduo , Wu Dejun
Published: February 2014

A module M over a ring R is called hollow-lifting if every submodule N of M with M/N hollow contains a direct summand K of M such that N/K is a small submodule of M/K. It is known that a (finite) direct sum of hollow-lifting modules need not be hollow-lifting. In this paper, we show that a quotient of a hollow-lifting module is not hollow-lifting in general, and discuss when a direct sum of hollow-lifting modules is hollow-lifting. We also study relative properties of hollow-lifting modules and investigate direct sums of X-hollow-lifting modules.
Gröbner-Shirshov Bases for Some One-relator Groups
Authors: Chen Yuqun , Zhong Chanyan
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we prove that two-generator one-relator groups with depth less than or equal to 3 can be effectively embedded into a tower of HNN-extensions in which each group has the effective standard normal form. We give an example to show how to deal with some general cases for one-relator groups. By using the Magnus method and Composition-Diamond Lemma, we reprove the Higman-Neumann-Neumann embedding theorem.
Algorithms for Twisted Involutions in Weyl Groups
Authors: Haas R. , Helminck A. G.
Published: February 2014

Let (W, Σ) be a finite Coxeter system, and θ an involution such that θ (Δ) = Δ, where Δ is a basis for the root system Φ associated with W, and [Formula: see text] the set of θ-twisted involutions in W. The elements of [Formula: see text] can be characterized by sequences in Σ which induce an ordering called the Richardson-Spinger Bruhat poset. The main algorithm of this paper computes this poset. Algorithms for finding conjugacy classes, the closure of an element and special cases are also given. A basic analysis of the complexity of the main algorithm and its variations is discussed, as well experience with implementation.
Notes on the Drinfeld Double of Finite-dimensional Group Algebras
Authors: Chen Huixiang , Hiss Gerhard
Published: February 2014

Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We characterize the finite groups G for which the Drinfeld double D(kG) of the group algebra kG has the Chevalley property. We also show that this is the case if and only if the tensor product of every simple D(kG)-module with its dual is semisimple. The analogous result for the group algebra kG is also true, but its proof requires the classification of the finite simple groups. A further result concerns the largest Hopf ideal contained in the Jacobson radical of D(kG). We prove that this is generated by the augmentation ideal of kOp(Z(G)), where Z(G) is the center of G and Op(Z(G)) the largest p-subgroup of this center.
A Wakimoto Type Realization of Toroidal 𝔰𝔩n+1
Authors: Buelk Samuel , Cox Ben , Jurisich Elizabeth
Published: February 2014

The authors construct a Wakimoto type realization of toroidal 𝔰𝔩n+1. The representation constructed in this paper utilizes non-commuting differential operators acting on the tensor product of two polynomial rings in infinitely many commuting variables.
When Is a Bol Loop Moufang?
Authors: Chein Orin , Goodaire Edgar G. , Kinyon Michael
Published: February 2014

There are a number of identities which, if satisfied by a Bol loop, imply that the loop is actually Moufang. In this paper we show that in a number of cases, the Moufang identity is also forced not by a single identity, but by giving elements a choice of equations to satisfy.
S-Hopf Quivers and Semilattice Graded Weak Hopf Algebras
Authors: Cao Haijun
Published: February 2014

The main work of this article is to give a construction of semilattice graded weak Hopf algebras via S-Hopf quivers, mainly based on the work of Cibils, Rosso, and Montgomery. This provides a class of non-commutative and non-cocommutative pointed semilattice graded weak Hopf algebras: they have the natural bases consisting of paths and the underlying coalgebra structures are path coalgebras. It also provides a new way of verifying old results and testing new ideas on pointed Hopf algebras, such as the decomposition of pointed semilattice graded weak Hopf algebras according to the result of Montgomery.
The Steinberg Character of Finite Classical Groups
Authors: Song Xueling , Liu Yanjun
Published: February 2014

Let G be a finite classical group of characteristic p. In this paper, we give an arithmetic criterion of the primes r ≠ p, for which the Steinberg character lies in the principal r-block of G. The arithmetic criterion is obtained from some combinatorial objects (the so-called partition and symbol).
Distributive Lattices of M-Rectangular Divided-semirings
Authors: Shao Yong , Zhao Xianzhong
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we first introduce the so-called M-rectangular divided-semirings and distributive lattices of M-rectangular divided-semirings. We then discuss the relations between such a semiring and its multiplicative semigroup. Finally, we investigate subdirect product decompositions of these semirings and obtain some interesting results.
Permutation 3-Groups with no Fixed-point-free Elements
Authors: Spiga Pablo
Published: February 2014

In this paper we prove that for every n ≥ 3, there exists a permutation 3-group Pn such that Pn has five orbits, each of size at least 32n-1, and Pn has no fixed-point-free element. In particular, this gives, for the prime 3, an answer to a conjecture in [2] and [4].
The Joint Reduction Number and Upper Bounds of Hilbert Series of Fiber Cones
Authors: Zhu Guangjun
Published: February 2014

Let (R,𝔪) be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring of dimension d > 0, I an 𝔪-primary ideal of R and K an ideal containing I. Let a1,…,ad be a joint reduction of (I[d-1]|K), and set L=(a1,…,ad), J=(a1,…,ad-1). When depth G(I) ≥ d-1 and depth FK(I) ≥ d-2, we show that the lengths [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and the joint reduction number rL(I|K) are independent of L. In the general case, we give an upper bound of the Hilbert series of FK(I). When depth G(I) ≥ d-1, we also provide a characterization, in terms of the Hilbert series of FK(I), of the condition depth FK(I) ≥ d-1.
On Degenerate Ringel-Hall Algebras of Types A and G2
Authors: Zhao Zhonghua , Fan Lijuan
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we construct the Gröbner-Shirshov bases for degenerate Ringel-Hall algebras of types A and G2 from the multiplication formulas of the corresponding generic extension monoid algebras.
BUCKLING AND SURFACE WRINKLING OF AN ELASTIC GRADED CYLINDER WITH ELASTIC MODULUS ARBITRARILY VARYING ALONG RADIAL DIRECTION
Authors: JIA FEI , CAO YAN-PING , ZHAO YAN , FENG XI-QIAO
Published: February 2014

This paper investigates the buckling and surface wrinkling phenomena of an elastic graded cylinder under axial compression. We develop a semi-analytical finite element model based on elastic stability theory and the work of Lee et al. [Journal of Mechanics and Physics of Solids56 (2008) 858–868], which enables us to determine the critical compressive strain and corresponding wrinkling wavelength of a soft cylindrical structure with the shear modulus arbitrarily varying along the radial direction. A number of examples of practical interest have been explored to validate the proposed method, including: (i) surface wrinkling a soft cylinder with a hard outer surface, (ii) surface wrinkling of a soft cylindrical tube with a hard inner surface layer, (iii) buckling of a soft cylinder with an embedded hard layer, (iv) surface wrinkling of a soft cylinder covered by a bilayer, and (v) surface wrinkling of an elastic graded soft cylinder covered by a hard layer. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is valid for all these situations. In comparison to conventional finite element method, the discretization and meshing in the present method are much easier and the degrees of freedom involved are much smaller.
Use and calibration of portable X-Ray fluorescence analysers: application to lithogeochemical exploration for komatiite-hosted nickel sulphide deposits
Authors: Le Vaillant Margaux , Barnes Stephen J. , Fisher Louise , Fiorentini Marco L. , Caruso Stefano
Published: February 2014

Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) analysers allow on-site geochemical analysis of rock powders and drill core. The main advantages of pXRF analysis over conventional laboratory analysis are the speed of data collection and the low cost of the analyses, permitting the collection of extensive, spatially representative datasets. However, these factors only become useful if the quality of the data meets the requirements needed for the purposes of the study. Here, we evaluate the possible use of portable XRF to determine element concentrations and ratios used in exploration for komatiite-hosted nickel sulphides.

A portable XRF analyser was used to measure a series of chalcophile and lithophile element concentrations (Si, S, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, and Zr) of 75 samples from three komatiite units associated with nickel sulphide ores in the Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia. Crucial steps in the study were the development of a strict calibration process as well as numerous data quality checks. The 670 analyses collected in this study were compared with conventional laboratory XRF data on discriminant diagrams commonly utilized in exploration for komatiite-hosted nickel sulphides (Cr vs Ni and Ni/Ti vs Ni/Cr). After comparing the results obtained with pXRF during this study with the laboratory values, we can conclude that portable XRF analyses can be used for rapid assessment of the nickel sulphide prospectivity of komatiites provided that strict control protocols are followed.

Supplementary Material:

is available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18706
Quaternary tectonics along oblique deformation zones in the Central Andean retro-wedge between 31°30′S and 35°S
Authors: Cortés J. M. , Terrizzano C. M. , Pasini M. M. , Yamin M. G. , Casa A. L.
Published: February 2014

The distribution of the Quaternary deformation in the outer retro-wedge of the Andes (31°30′–35°S) is controlled by the subduction geometry, the position of the structural front, and the location of oblique pre-Cenozoic mechanical anisotropies. In the Southern Precordillera, Quaternary structures tend to group along the Barreal–Las Peñas deformation zone with a NW to NNW trend. This Cenozoic belt (31°30′–32°40′S) developed on the northern segment of the Triassic Cuyo Basin and broadened laterally during the Quaternary. New radiocarbon ages on dam deposits confirm Holocene tectonic activity on the northwestern edge. The oldest ages of dam deposits are 5810±90 a BP (Cabeceras Creek) and 810±50 a BP (Dolores Creek). Palaeoseismological and seismic data suggest active tectonic growth on the NW and SE extremes. Quaternary tectonics has contributed to modifying the relief along this oblique belt. This contribution is evident from the tectonic uplift of blocks (minimum 90–120 m in the Barreal block), the initial development of intermontane basins (Pampa de los Burros Basin), the Quaternary rejuvenation of tectonic depressions (at least 32–37 m of tectonic subsidence in the Vizcacheras half-graben) and the incipient development of low-relief morphotectonic units by soft-linkage of Quaternary structures.
Near pure surface uplift of the Argentine Frontal Cordillera: insights from (U–Th)/He thermochronometry and geomorphic analysis
Authors: Hoke Gregory D. , Graber Nathan R. , Mescua José F. , Giambiagi Laura B. , Fitzgerald Paul G. , Metcalf James R.
Published: February 2014

Apatite (U–Th)/He thermochronology from palaeosurface-bounded vertical transects collected in deeply incised river valleys with >2 km of relief, as well as geomorphic analysis, are used to examine the timing of uplift of the Frontal Cordillera and its relation to the evolution of the proximal portions of the Andean foreland between 32° and 34°S latitude. The results of apatite (U–Th)/He (AHe) analyses are complex. However, the data show positive age-elevation trends, with higher elevation samples yielding older AHe ages than samples at lower elevation. Slope breaks occur at
c.
25 Ma in both profiles, separating very slow cooling and or residence within a partial retention zone (slope of
c.
10 m/Myr) at the highest elevations from a slope of
c.
60–100 m/Myr cooling rate at lower elevations. The older AHe ages suggest either (1) minimal burial of the Frontal Cordillera and/or (2) significant pre–middle Miocene local relief. Geomorphic analysis of the adjacent, east-draining Río Mendoza and Río Tunuyán catchments reveals a glacial imprint to the landscape at elevations above 3000 m, including greater channel steepness and lower profile concavities developed during glacial erosion. Detailed analysis of headwall heights provides evidence of ongoing rock uplift along the entire eastern flank of the Frontal Cordillera and in the eastern flank of the Principal Cordillera south of the slab dip transition.
The Neocomian of Chachahuén (Mendoza, Argentina): evidence of a broken foreland associated with the Payenia flat-slab
Authors: Sagripanti Lucia , Aguirre-Urreta Beatriz , Folguera Andrés , Ramos Victor A.
Published: February 2014

Isolated marine sedimentary Lower Cretaceous deposits crop out in the foreland of the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina. They are the result of an anomalous uplift of the Sierra de Chachahuén in the far foreland region. These outcrops are assigned to the Agrio Formation based on their rich fossil contents. In particular, the study reveals a unique outcrop of continental facies along the eastern proximal margin of the basin that were known only from core wells, and constitutes the first exposed evidence at the surface. These deformed deposits are 70 km from the Andean orogenic front and present 2 km of local uplift produced by high-angle basement reverse faults that reactivated a previous Early Mesozoic rift system. The increase in compression was related to the decrease in the subduction angle. This fact, together with the expansion of the magmatic arc, controlled the Chachahuén calc-alkaline Late Miocene volcanic centre and the uplift of the Mesozoic deposits in the foreland. This broken foreland was associated with localized heating of the Miocene volcanic centre that produced the rising of the brittle-ductile transitions. This fact weakens the foreland area, which was broken by compression during the development of the Payenia flat-slab.
Design and evaluation techniques for authoring interactive and stylistic behaviors
Authors: Young James E. , Igarashi Takeo , Sharlin Ehud , Sakamoto Daisuke , Allen Jeffrey
Published: February 2014

We present a series of projects for end-user authoring of interactive robotic behaviors, with a particular focus on the
style
of those behaviors: we call this approach Style-by-Demonstration (SBD). We provide an overview introduction of three different SBD platforms: SBD for animated character interactive locomotion paths, SBD for interactive robot locomotion paths, and SBD for interactive robot dance. The primary contribution of this article is a detailed cross-project SBD analysis of the interaction designs and evaluation approaches employed, with the goal of providing general guidelines stemming from our experiences, for both developing and evaluating SBD systems. In addition, we provide the first full account of our Puppet Master SBD algorithm, with an explanation of how it evolved through the projects.
Field-aligned mesh joinery
Authors: Cignoni Paolo , Pietroni Nico , Malomo Luigi , Scopigno Roberto
Published: February 2014

Mesh joinery is an innovative method to produce illustrative shape approximations suitable for fabrication. Mesh joinery is capable of producing complex fabricable structures in an efficient and visually pleasing manner. We represent an input geometry as a set of planar pieces arranged to compose a rigid structure, by exploiting an efficient slit mechanism. Since slices are planar, to fabricate them a standard 2D cutting system is enough.

We automatically arrange slices according to a smooth cross-field defined over the surface. Cross-fields allow representing global features that characterize the appearance of the shape. Slice placement conforms to specific manufacturing constraints.
Exploring quadrangulations
Authors: Peng Chi-Han , Barton Michael , Jiang Caigui , Wonka Peter
Published: February 2014

We present a framework for exploring topologically unique quadrangulations of an input shape. First, the input shape is segmented into surface patches. Second, different topologies are enumerated and explored in each patch. This is realized by an efficient subdivision-based quadrangulation algorithm that can exhaustively enumerate all mesh topologies within a patch. To help users navigate the potentially huge collection of variations, we propose tools to preview and arrange the results. Furthermore, the requirement that all patches need to be jointly quadrangulatable is formulated as a linear integer program. Finally, we apply the framework to shape-space exploration, remeshing, and design to underline the importance of topology exploration.
Sparser Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transforms
Authors: Kane Daniel M. , Nelson Jelani
Published: February 2014

We give two different and simple constructions for dimensionality reduction in
ℓ
2
via linear mappings that are sparse: only an
O
(
ε
)-fraction of entries in each column of our embedding matrices are non-zero to achieve distortion 1 +
ε
with high probability, while still achieving the asymptotically optimal number of rows. These are the first constructions to provide subconstant sparsity for all values of parameters, improving upon previous works of Achlioptas [2003] and Dasgupta et al. [2010]. Such distributions can be used to speed up applications where
ℓ
2
dimensionality reduction is used.
Nonuniform ACC Circuit Lower Bounds
Authors: Williams Ryan
Published: February 2014

The class ACC consists of circuit families with constant depth over unbounded fan-in AND, OR, NOT, and MOD
m
gates, where
m
> 1 is an arbitrary constant. We prove the following.

---NEXP, the class of languages accepted in nondeterministic exponential time, does not have nonuniform ACC circuits of polynomial size. The size lower bound can be slightly strengthened to quasipolynomials and other less natural functions.

---E
NP
, the class of languages recognized in 2
O(n)
time with an NP oracle, doesn’t have nonuniform ACC circuits of 2
n
o(1)
size. The lower bound gives an exponential size-depth tradeoff: for every
d, m
there is a
δ
> 0 such that E
NP
doesn’t have depth-
d
ACC circuits of size 2
n
δ
with MOD
m
gates.

Previously, it was not known whether EXP
NP
had depth-3 polynomial-size circuits made out of only MOD
6
gates. The high-level strategy is to design faster algorithms for the circuit satisfiability problem over ACC circuits, then prove that such algorithms entail these lower bounds. The algorithms combine known properties of ACC with fast rectangular matrix multiplication and dynamic programming, while the second step requires a strengthening of the author’s prior work.
SimPal
Authors: Notander Jesper Pedersen , Runeson Per , Höst Martin
Published: February 2014

This paper presents the findings from a design study on a framework for flexible safety-critical software development, calledSimPal. It is an extended version of a paper that was published in SAC'13 Proceedings of the 2013 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, in which additional details aboutSimPalas well as a more extensive evaluation of the framework is presented. The objective is to identify necessary quality properties and to learn more about the challenges of realizing frameworks such as SimPal. We approach our research questions by developing a framework and by analysing our experiences from the design and evaluation process. Some necessary quality characteristics has been identified by discussing the ISO25010quality in usequality model in relation to the problem domain, which were then used to design and evaluate the developed framework. The evaluation was conducted as a design case in which asoft safety controllerwas developed following the methodology outlined in the paper. We show that our approach, which tries to merge service-oriented practices with model-based development techniques, has potential considering safety-critical software development. However, there are some concerns about run-time performance as well as the ability to qualify the tool for safety-critical development. Based on our results we conclude that the ideas behind theSimPalframework are sound but more work is required to investigate how they can be realized. For the future, we plan on further investigating the code generating capabilities of the modelling tool we are using to see if and how it can be utilised to increase performance. We also plan on adding more features to the framework, for instance coordination and configuration of services, as well as monitoring of messages and system properties.
A boosted SVM based ensemble classifier for sentiment analysis of online reviews
Authors: Sharma Anuj , Dey Shubhamoy
Published: February 2014

In recent years, several approaches have been proposed for sentiment based classification of online text. Out of the different contemporary approaches, supervised machine learning techniques like Naive Bayes (NB) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) are found to be very effective, as reported in literature. However, some studies have reported that the conditional independence assumption of NB makes feature selection a crucial problem. Moreover, SVM also suffers from other issues like selection of kernel functions, skewed vector spaces and heterogeneity in the training examples. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method by integrating "weak" support vector machine classifiers using boosting techniques. The proposed model exploits classification performance of Boosting while using SVM as the base classifier, applied for sentiment based classification of online reviews. The results on movies and hotel review corpora of 2000 reviews have shown that the proposed approach has succeeded in improving the performance of SVM. The resultant ensemble classifier has performed better than the single base SVM classifier, and the results confirm that ensemble SVM with boosting, significantly outperforms single SVM in terms of accuracy.
In situ affect detection in mobile devices
Authors: Adibuzzaman Mohammad , Jain Niharika , Steinhafel Nicholas , Haque Munir , Ahmed Ferdaus , Ahamed Sheikh , Love Richard
Published: February 2014

Affect detection has been widely advocated to be implemented in a natural environment. But due to constraints such as correct labeling and lack of usable sensors in natural environment most of the research in multi-modal affect detection has been done in laboratory environment. In this paper, we investigate affect detection in natural environment using sensors available in smart phones. We use facial expression and energy expenditure of a person to classify a person's affective state by continuously recording accelerometer data for energy and camera image for facial expression and measure the performance of the system. We have deployed our system in a natural environment and have provided special attention on annotation for the training data to validate the 'ground truth'. We have found important relationship between valence and arousal space for better accuracy of affect detection by using facial image and energy. This validates Russell's two dimensional theory of emotion using arousal and valence space. In this paper, we have presented initial findings in multi-modal affect detection. Using the multimodal technique, we propose a system that can be used in social networks for affect sensitive advertisement.
Modeling Chemoresponsive Polymer Gels
Authors: Kuksenok Olga , Deb Debabrata , Dayal Pratyush , Balazs Anna C.
Published: February 2014

Stimuli-responsive gels are vital components in the next generation of smart devices, which can sense and dynamically respond to changes in the local environment and thereby exhibit more autonomous functionality. We describe recently developed computational methods for simulating the properties of such stimuli-responsive gels in the presence of optical, chemical, and thermal gradients. Using these models, we determine how to harness light to drive shape changes and directed motion in spirobenzopyran-containing gels. Focusing on oscillating gels undergoing the Belousov-Zhabotinksy reaction, we demonstrate that these materials can spontaneously form self-rotating assemblies, or pinwheels. Finally, we model temperature-sensitive gels that encompass chemically reactive filaments to optimize the performance of this system as a homeostatic device for regulating temperature. These studies could facilitate the development of soft robots that autonomously interconvert chemical and mechanical energy and thus perform vital functions without the continuous need of external power sources.
Orbital Climate Cycles in the Fossil Record: From Semidiurnal to Million-Year Biotic Responses
Authors: Rodríguez-Tovar Francisco J.
Published: February 2014

Understanding climate change, its effect on terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and possible ways to prevent future climate disasters is a major challenge for society, involving specialists in climate science, terrestrial and marine ecology, paleontology, and sedimentary geology. One approach is to study the deep-time record, especially when the time involved in a particular climatic change can be calibrated. Cyclostratigraphy is a useful tool for this. Throughout Earth's history, different scales of orbital cycles have had significant impacts on atmosphere-ocean dynamics; these impacts are preserved in the ecological and sedimentary record. Most characterizations of these cycles are based on the sedimentary record. But fossil records of past biota, corresponding to individual organisms and communities, have proven very useful in cyclostratigraphic research: From semidiurnal cycles mainly recorded in fossil skeletons to million-year-scale cycles involving mass extinctions, various cases illustrate their worth. This article reviews the use of the fossil record to recognize several cycles, from ecological timescales (≤1.0 yr to 10 kyr cycles; calendar and solar bands) to geological timescales (>10 kyr cycles; Milankovitch and galactic bands).
Tribal-State Relations in the Anglosphere
Authors: Evans Laura E.
Published: February 2014

By analyzing the politics of Indigenous peoples in the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, political scientists gain new perspectives on power and powerlessness. Such study offers a new vantage point on pathways of exclusion and regulation, as well as on the pathways of challenging inequity. It illustrates how beliefs and identity configure and reconfigure power. I highlight research from four domains of research on Indigenous politics: studies of political advocacy, political attitudes, rules of the game, and the public good. Political science research on Indigenous peoples fits comfortably within the discipline. It is flush with ideas that draw on and speak to other theories of politics.

Were political science to broaden its perspective and recognize the insights available from the racial minority groups and indigenous nations regarding the manner in which law and political institutions channel energies of distinct groups and create, in their application of discriminatory policies, responses and reactions manifest in other areas of life, it could embark on a broadening of its offerings and clientele.

Deloria & Wilkins (1999)
Loss of a kidney during fetal life: long-term consequences and lessons learned
Authors: Lankadeva Yugeesh R. , Singh Reetu R. , Tare Marianne , Moritz Karen M. , Denton Kate M.
Published: February 2014

Epidemiological studies reveal that children born with a solitary functioning kidney (SFK) have a greater predisposition to develop renal insufficiency and hypertension in early adulthood. A congenital SFK is present in patients with unilateral renal agenesis or unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia, leading to both structural and functional adaptations in the remaining kidney, which act to mitigate the reductions in glomerular filtration rate and sodium excretion that would otherwise ensue. To understand the mechanisms underlying the early development of renal insufficiency in children born with a SFK, we established a model of fetal uninephrectomy (uni-x) in sheep, a species that similar to humans complete nephrogenesis before birth. This model results in a 30% reduction in nephron number rather than 50%, due to compensatory nephrogenesis in the remaining kidney. Similar to children with a congenital SFK, uni-x sheep demonstrate a progressive increase in arterial pressure and a loss of renal function with aging. This review summarizes the compensatory changes in renal hemodynamics and tubular sodium handling that drive impairments in renal function and highlights the existence of sex differences in the functional adaptations following the loss of a kidney during fetal life.
Synaptic mechanisms underlying thalamic activation-induced plasticity in the rat auditory cortex
Authors: Zhu Zhi-ru , Xu Fenglian , Ji Wei-gang , Ren Shuan-cheng , Chen Fang , Chen Peng-zhi , Jiang Hui-hui , Mi Ze , Hu Bo , Zhang Jun , Xiong Ying
Published: February 2014

Electrical stimulation of ventral division of medial geniculate body (MGBv) neurons evokes a shift of the frequency-tuning curves of auditory cortical (AC) neurons toward the best frequency (BF) of the stimulated MGBv neurons (frequency-specific plasticity). The shift of BF is induced by inhibition of responses at the BF of the recorded AC neuron, with coincident facilitation of responses at the BF of the stimulated MGBv neuron. However, the synaptic mechanisms are not yet understood. We hypothesize that activation of thalamocortical synaptic transmission and receptor function may contribute to MGBv stimulation-induced frequency-specific auditory plasticity and the shift of BF. To test this hypothesis, we measured changes in the excitatory postsynaptic currents in pyramidal neurons of layer III/IV in the auditory cortex following high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the MGBv, using whole cell recordings in an auditory thalamocortical slice. Our data showed that in response to the HFS of the MGBv the excitatory postsynaptic currents of AC neurons showed long-term bidirectional synaptic plasticity and long-term potentiation and depression. Pharmacological studies indicated that the long-term synaptic plasticity was induced through the activation of different sets of N-methyl-d-aspartate-type glutamatergic receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid-type receptors, and type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors. Our data further demonstrated that blocking of different receptors with specific antagonists significantly inhibited MGBv stimulation-induced long-term plasticity as well as the shift of BF. These data indicate that these receptors have an important role in mediating frequency-specific auditory cortical plasticity.
Distributed and Parallel Big Textual Data Parsing for Social Sensor Network
Authors: Um Jung-Ho , Jeong Chang-Hoo , Choi Sung-Pil , Lee Seungwoo , Kim Hwan-Min , Jung Hanmin
Published: February 2014

Recently, due to the popularization of the smartphone and social network service (SNS), many SNS users write their opinions for social events. According to these social phenomena, social sensor network which analyzes social events by utilizing those users' text data is proposed. Parsing is essential module to analyze user's text contents because it gives the understanding of semantics by extracting the words and their classes from texts. However, parsing requires much time because it needs to analyze all context information from the users' text. In addition, as users' text data are generated and transferred in streaming, the required parsing time increases too. This situation occurs that it is hard to parse the text on the single machine. Therefore, to drastically enhance the parsing speed, we propose distributed and parallel parsing system on the MapReduce. It applies the legacy parser to the MapReduce through loose coupling. Also, to reduce communication overheads, the statistical model used by the parser is resided on local cache in each mapper. The experimental result shows that the speed of proposed system is 2–19 times better than that of the legacy parser. As a result, we prove that the proposed system is useful for parsing text data in social sensor network.
Management of Internal Root Resorption on Permanent Teeth
Authors: Nilsson Elisabeth , Bonte Eric , Bayet François , Lasfargues Jean-Jacques
Published: February 2014

Internal root resorption (IRR) is a particular category of pulp disease characterized by the loss of dentine as a result of the action of clastic cells stimulated by pulpal inflammation. This review article explains the etiology, the prevalence of IRR, and, in addition to the clinical data, the contribution of the three-dimensional imaging (CBCT) to the diagnosis, the clinical decision, and the therapeutic management of IRR. The authors discussed the various therapeutic options including the orthograde or retrograde fillings of the root canal resorption area. Root canal treatment remains the treatment of choice of internal root resorption as it removes the granulation tissue and blood supply of the clastic cells. The authors describe with different clinical cases the modern endodontic techniques including optical aids, ultrasonic improvement of chemical debridement, and the use of alternative materials such as calcium silicate combined with thermoplastic filling (warm gutta-percha). In these conditions, the prognosis of the conservative treatment of internal resorptions, even if root walls are perforated, is good.
Facilitating Preemptive Hardware System Design Using Partial Reconfiguration Techniques
Authors: Dondo Gazzano Julio , Rincon Fernando , Vaderrama Carlos , Villanueva Felix , Caba Julian , Lopez Juan Carlos
Published: February 2014

In FPGA-based control system design, partial reconfiguration is especially well suited to implement preemptive systems. In real-time systems, the deadline for critical task can compel the preemption of noncritical one. Besides, an asynchronous event can demand immediate attention and, then, force launching a reconfiguration process for high-priority task implementation. If the asynchronous event is previously scheduled, an explicit activation of the reconfiguration process is performed. If the event cannot be previously programmed, such as in dynamically scheduled systems, an implicit activation to the reconfiguration process is demanded. This paper provides a hardware-based approach to explicit and implicit activation of the partial reconfiguration process in dynamically reconfigurable SoCs and includes all the necessary tasks to cope with this issue. Furthermore, the reconfiguration service introduced in this work allows remote invocation of the reconfiguration process and then the remote integration of off-chip components. A model that offers component location transparency is also presented to enhance and facilitate system integration.
Detection of Lungs Status Using Morphological Complexities of Respiratory Sounds
Authors: Mondal Ashok , Bhattacharya Parthasarathi , Saha Goutam
Published: February 2014

Traditionally, the clinical diagnosis of a respiratory disease is made from a careful clinical examination including chest auscultation. Objective analysis and automatic interpretation of the lung sound based on its physical characters are strongly warranted to assist clinical practice. In this paper, a new method is proposed to distinguish between the normal and the abnormal subjects using the morphological complexities of the lung sound signals. The morphological embedded complexities used in these experiments have been calculated in terms of texture information (lacunarity), irregularity index (sample entropy), third order moment (skewness), and fourth order moment (Kurtosis). These features are extracted from a mixed data set of 10 normal and 20 abnormal subjects and are analyzed using two different classifiers: extreme learning machine (ELM) and support vector machine (SVM) network. The results are obtained using 5-fold cross-validation. The performance of the proposed method is compared with a wavelet analysis based method. The developed algorithm gives a better accuracy of 92.86% and sensitivity of 86.30% and specificity of 86.90% for a composite feature vector of four morphological indices.
Blockade of Alternative Complement Pathway in Dense Deposit Disease
Authors: Berthe-Aucejo Aurore , Sacquépée Mathieu , Fila Marc , Peuchmaur Michel , Perrier-Cornet Emilia , Frémeaux-Bacchi Véronique , Deschênes Georges
Published: February 2014

A patient aged 17 with dense deposit disease associated with complement activation, circulating C3 Nef, and Factor H mutation presented with nephrotic syndrome and hypertension. Steroid therapy, plasma exchange, and rituximab failed to improve proteinuria and hypertension despite a normalization of the circulating sC5b9 complex. Eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against C5, was used to block the terminal product of the complement cascade. The dose was adapted to achieve a CH50 below 10%, but proteinuria and blood pressure were not improved after 3 months of treatment.
Impact of Road Bends on Traffic Flow in a Single‐Lane Traffic System
Authors: Junwei Zeng , Yongsheng Qian , Dejie Xu , Zhilong Jia , Zhidan Huang
Published: February 2014

Taking the characteristics of road bends as a research object, this work proposes the cellular model (CA) with road bends based on the NaSch model, with which the traffic flow is examined under different conditions, such as bend radius, bend arc length, and road friction coefficiency. The simulation results show that, with the increase of the bend radius, the peak flow will be continuously increased, and the fundamental diagram will become more similar to that of the classic NaSch model; the smaller the bend radius is, the easier it is for the occurrence of blockage; for different bend lengths, all the corresponding traffic flows show that the phenomenon of go‐and‐stop and the bends exert slight inhibitory effect on traffic flow; under the same bend radius, the inhibition effect of the bends on the traffic flow will be weakened with the increase of the friction coefficiency.