bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of water deficit on some physiological indices of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica L.)
Authors: Pham Thi Thanh Thin , Cao Phi Bang , Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai , Bui The Khuynh , Nguyen Phuong Mai , Tran Thi Thanh Huyen
Published: June 2021

Indian Lettuce (Lactuca indica L.) is a valuable medicinal herb but there are still no many researches about this plant. In this work, the physiological responses of Indian lettuce plants under water deficit conditions (5, 8, and 11 days of water stress) were investigated. The Indian lettuce wilted after 5 days of water stress (66.66%), the wilting rate increased after 8 (93.33%) and 11 days (100%) of water stress. The longer duration of water deficit stress caused the slower recovery of plants after rewatering. The water deficit stress caused a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, non-associated water content as well as flower formation of Indian lettuce. But the water deficit stress increases the associated water content and the flowering time of this plant.
Morphological and molecular characteristics of Isaria at Xuan Son National Park and Copia Nature Reserve
Authors: Nguyen Dinh Viet , Nguyen Thi Thuy Van , Truong Xuan Lam , Duong Minh Lam
Published: June 2021

The fungal genus Isaria includes important entomopathogenic species, which account for a large number of species of the Cordycipitaceae. Currently, Isaria species have been found in all continents of the Earth with 284 species described but 72 species were widely accepted, and with many applications in pharmacy and agriculture. There have been 11 Isaria species recorded in Vietnam. In our study at Copia Nature Reserve, Son La province and Xuan Son National Park, Phu Tho province, 51 fungal samples were collected on Lepidoptera and Coleoptera larvae, of which 5 fungal samples belonged to the Isaria genus. Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, the samples were identified to Isaria cicadae, I. fumosorosea, I. tenuipes and I. amoene-rosea. Further studies are needed to clarify Isaria sp. XS97 identification.
Read the intersignality: The Library of Babel by Borges and The strange Library by Murakami
Authors: Dao Thi Thu Hang
Published: June 2021

Reading by the intersignality theory for the similarities and differences between Murakami and Borges's "Library" works. This reading helps to extend the approach of the texts to the hidden problems in the signs that the two writers have used consciously or unconsciously when writing. With intersignalities, every sign or text is a rewriting of the signs that have been used before. This is the immutable principle of both in the process of composing and receiving. Reading of the intersignality indicates that the role of the reader will be as important as the creator himself in finding the meanings of the works.
racing and studying two-syllable words, two consecutive words with a similar sound and tone, and words with a similar sound in “Ngục trung nhật kí”
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thanh Chung
Published: June 2021

The paper examines the system of two-syllable words, two consecutive words with a similar sound and tone, and words with a similar sound in “Ngục trung nhật kí”. Based on that, it discusses the author’s word borrowing and forming. At the same time, the paper explores the interaction and development of this language system in modern Vietnamese. This group of words in “Ngục trung nhật kí” includes 102 words, of which borrowed words account for 76% and formed words 24%. The borrowed and formed words are harmoniously combined in the work, demonstrating Ho Chi Minh's linguistic talent. Among the two-syllable words, two consecutive words with a similar sound and tone, and words with a similar sound that Ho Chi Minh wrote in “Ngục trung nhật kí”, there were words that entered Vietnamese and those that did not, accounting for 42% and 58% respectively. The words which entered Vietnamese lexicon have undergone changes to become more suitable with the reality with the rate of modified words being 16%. This figure shows the intersection between Vietnamese and Chinese, between literary language and everyday language, and affirms the strong development of Vietnamese throughout the nation's history
Literature review by Nguyen Van Trung – a course rich in praticality
Authors: Do Van Hieu
Published: June 2021

Literature review by Nguyen Van Trung is a popular literature course in the South in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century. Born in a particular historical situation, this course met many ups and downs, but the more later, its value is confirmed. Literature review is a course rich in practicality, which is expressed in the compilation with combination of Literary Theory, Literary History and Literary Criticism; expressed in absorption modern Western academic thought in order to solve difficulties of domestic literary criticism research; expressed in the application of foreign literary theory in the study of national literary phenomena.
Vietnamese language selection issues in novels by some overseas modern Vietnamese writers
Authors: Vu Thi Hanh
Published: June 2021

Different from domestic writers, overseas Vietnamese writers have to select language to creat: first language (Mother Tongues - Vietnamese) or second language (Non-native language). Vietnamese language selection issues in novels by some overseas female Vietnamese writers not only refer to selection language to creat (literature as type a language art) but also attitudes to Vietnamese language and cultute. Therefore, the research language issues in novels by some overseas Vietnamese writers contributes to assert values and roles of overseas writers in conservation and development Vietnamese abroad.
Ho Si Duong – Lord’s grand counsellor – and prominent merits to Dai Viet in 17th century
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thu Huong
Published: June 2021

In the Le - Trinh period, particularly under the reign of Emperor Le Hy Tong and Lord Trinh Tac, Ho Si Duong was a well-known historical figure. Assuming the position of Tham tụng (参 從), which had equal power to a prime minister (宰相), Ho Si Duong has left eminent marks in a range of fields, comprising military, politics, diplomacy, social-culture, especially in the aspect of “institutional reform”. He is considered a talented mandarin in the political history of Dai Viet (大越) in the seventeenth century. Based on diverse sources, including history written by the imperial court, official regulations, the information inscribed on the stela (translated version), folk material, the article will shed light on Ho Si Duong’s critical marks and influential contributions to his homeland – Nghe An province in particular as well as to the Dai Viet’s history in general.
Scientific basis of specific tourist products in Vietnam
Authors: Cao Hoang Ha
Published: June 2021

This research aims to identify the theoretical and practical basis of specific tourism products in Vietnam. The task is to identify the common conception of specific tourism, roles, criteria, principles, requirements on the construction of specific tourism products, and the correlation between specific tourism products and other products. Through the theoretical system, this research also summarizes and systematizes processes and steps of the construction of specific tourism products.
The Transmuted Inverted Nadarajah-Haghighi Distribution With an Application to Lifetime Data
Authors: Toumaj Aliyeh , MirMostafaee S.M.T.K. , Hamedani G.G.
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we propose a new lifetime distribution. We discuss several mathematical properties of the new distribu- tion. Certain characterizations of the new distribution are provided. We study the maximum likelihood estimation and asymptotic interval estimation of the unknown parameters. A simulation study, as well as an application of the new distribution to failure data, are also presented. We end the paper with a number of remarks.
CRITICAL REVIEW OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT PRACTICES IMPLEMENTED IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING PROGRAMS IN SINDH
Authors: Hashmi Syed Usman , Hussain Syed Qaiser , Zaman Tahira Adeel , Arshad Samra , Akhtar Naeem
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to explore the merits and demerits of a formative assessment technique used in an English language learning program in Sindh. The teachers teaching the English language to the students of rural Sindh in an English language program implemented a formative assessment technique and in the end, shared their views about the effectiveness of the program. Methodology: The research is based on a qualitative method. Formative assessment was conducted in a language teaching program in rural Sindh. At the end of the program, 6 male and 12 female teachers, who were selected on purposive sampling method, participated in a focused group interview to share their views about the merits and demerits of the formative assessment technique. The data was analyzed using content and thematic analysis. Main Findings: The merits of the formative assessment technique used were reported as helpful in identifying the learning gaps, providing constructive feedback, identifying the students’ strengths, empowering the teachers, and creating a stress-free assessment. Similarly, the demerits were reported as being time-consuming, unconventional assessment strategies, and creating a lack of professional development to adopting a new strategy. Applications of this study: Many language teachers regularly implement formative assessment in their language classrooms and are always in search of some good material to make their formative assessment more fruitful and result-oriented. This study will be useful for such teachers. They can benefit from the findings of the study and improvise their method of formative assessment. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study is one of its kinds using the teachers’ perspectives to explore the effectiveness of drawbacks of formative assessment technique. People who have recently joined the teaching fraternity must be inquisitive about various techniques of assessment. This study is going to assist them in not only deciding whether they want to implement formative assessment in class, but it will also prepare them in advance to encounter the limitations of formative assessment and take necessary measures to address these limitations.
As aparências enganam: heurísticas, estereótipos e espetacularização no processo de visibilidade midiática
Authors: Azevedo Ary
Published: June 2021

A proposta do artigo é compreender o processo de insuflação artificial do interesse público em temas que ganham notoriedade em decorrência da visibilidade midiática alcançada pela ação orquestrada de atores sociais. A criação de pseudoacontecimentos consolida narrativas verossímeis que objetivam agendar a cobertura da imprensa e reverberar nas redes sociais, ganhando notoriedade e repercussão atinentes a interesses negociais, mercadológicos ou políticos apresentados de maneira pouco transparente. Para tanto foi desenvolvida pesquisa exploratória, de caráter documental, com o objetivo de indiciar a relação entre interesses privados e a construção artificial de uma agenda de interesse público propagada nas plataformas midiáticas, com estudo de caso sobre a ação política e eleitoral do ex-presidente Donald Trump no processo de desenvolvimento de uma narrativa populista calcada no uso permanente da desinformação
Reflexões sobre as atuações do bibliotecário e jornalista como agentes facilitadores na construção de saberes no combate à desinformação
Authors: Rezende Laura Vilela Rodrigues , Cruz-Riascos Sonia Aguiar , Ribeiro Geisa Müller de Campos
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho inicialmente destaca a importância dos estudos sobre o fenômeno da informação no ambiente digital tecendo considerações sobre possibilidade de atuação interdisciplinar dos profissionais do campo da Ciência da Informação e da Comunicação, especificamente Bibliotecários e Jornalistas. A reflexão crítica, sobre possibilidades de trabalho conjunto destes profissionais no combate à infodemia e desinformação, traz como definição estrutural as práticas da cultura digital do autor Dalton Martins, caracterizadas como: informacionais, comunicacionais, relacionais e curatoriais. Dentro deste escopo, apresentam-se as aproximações na atuação de bibliotecários e jornalistas com base em suas competências e habilidades específicas. De forma geral, conclui-se que, embora hajam diferenças de temporalidade da atuação entre as duas áreas, uma vez que jornalistas lidam basicamente com informações que precisam ser reveladas de imediato, uma trajetória interdisciplinar que envolva o bibliotecário, neste contexto jornalístico, parece descortinar-se como um enorme potencial na alavancagem de ações de checagem de fatos (fact checking) ao possibilitar com precisão e confiabilidade uma retaguarda de fontes informacionais para as etapas iniciais do trabalho dos jornalistas, conferindo maior agilidade na produção de notícias
Intercultural Communication Challenges in the Period of the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) (The Case of Qatar Airways)
Authors: Kublashvili Margo
Published: June 2021

Under the conditions of the global threat of the modern world - the novel coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic, the demand for social distancing as a commonly proven method of preventing fatal cases and stopping the virus has fundamentally changed the process of communication in an intercultural environment. Our research aims to study the impact of the pandemic on the intercultural communication process and its quality in a multicultural environment. Cabin Crew of Qatar Airways, as one of the largest multicultural/multinational companies, was selected as a target group. A qualitative method of data collection â€“ interviewing â€“ was used as a research technique. In particular, the target group was interviewed through a semistructured questionnaire â€“ by a so-called "narrative interview" method. This research enabled us to obtain new narratives which were created on the coronavirus background â€“ responses of the Qatar Airways Cabin Crew and the company's international passengers to the challenge of Covid-19. The study and analysis of these responses revealed that representatives of different cultures (Individualistic/Collectivist cultures, High/Low uncertainty avoidance cultures, Submissive orientation/Mastery orientation cultures, Tight/Loose cultures) have different attitudes towards the pandemic as an uncertain and unpredictable future; towards the Covid-19 vaccine; towards wearing a mask and eye contact related to it; in addition, they can be distinguished by different perceptions of territorialism as personal space (physical and social distancing); different feelings of fear and anxiety and readiness to obey/disobey introduced rules or restrictions (so-called Lockdown, Curfew). According to the research, these differences are due to the "mental program" of a society, i.e. a purely cultural factor. However, despite several intercultural differences, daily contact with groups having other cultures significantly increases opportunities for collaboration, which, in times of crisis, does not hinder the process of interaction between different cultures, but on the contrary, it increases the level of intercultural acceptance and sensitivity.
Characterization Analysis of Textured and Diffused Monocrystalline Silicon Wafer
Authors: Rubel Asrafusjaman , Kabir M. A. , Rana Masud , Islam Ariful , Ali Khan Md. Shawkut
Published: June 2021

This paper focuses on examining the characteristic analysis of the textured and diffused silicon wafer. Characterization performance of the textured and diffused wafer using surface reflection method, sheet resistance method, SEM, and surface photovoltage method is examined. From the SRM result, it is observed that the reflection of the textured wafer is lower than the raw wafer. This means that the textured wafer forms the pyramid structure, which was measured by SEM. Sheet resistance measures the resistivity of the raw wafer and after phosphorous diffusion into the p-type silicon, the wafer are 2.3 Î©-cm and 0.80 Î©-cm respectively. From the sheet resistance results, it is observed that the phosphorus doping is properly done. The Surface Photovoltage (SPV) result shows that minority carrier diffusion length and lifetime for a solar cell is 86.4Î¼m and 2.8 Î¼sec respectively.
The Short-Term Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Eating Habits and Dietary Changes Case of Tirana, Albania
Authors: Troka Pranvera , Kapaj Ilir , Satka Ermelinda
Published: June 2021

Covid-19, one of the biggest crises that humanity has faced since WW2, has affected the normal life drastically and irreversibly. The rapid spread of the virus, radically changed every aspect of life, starting from the daily routine, the way of thinking and behaving, shopping habits and obviously eating habits and diets. This study aims to assess and analyze the short-term impact of quarantine on eating habits and food choices of citizens of Tirana, Albania, identifying and comparing the differences of quantity and quality of the main food products consumed during and after the lockdown. The research methodology used in this study is descriptive analysis. The selected area for the study is the city of Tirana, and the survey is conducted online due to the strict government regulations regarding social distancing and limited travelling after the Covid-19 outbreak. A total number of 325 respondents are included in the study. Based on the survey, 66.5% of the respondentâ€™s claimed that their diet was affected by the quarantine, while 33.5% have not experienced any major changes in their diets during the pandemic period. Staying at home has led 57% of them to consume all the main meals, and about 67.4% of the respondents claimed to have consumed more snacks than usually. The main products taken into study are bread, dairy, meat, fruits, vegetables, sweets, carbonated drinks, coffee, alcohol and water. Almost 50% of the respondents from a total of 325 confirmed that they consumed more bread, dairy products, meat, sweets and vegetables during the lockdown, than before. Their preferable foods were white bread, milk, chicken, homemade baked sweets and tomatoes. More than 70% claimed to have consumed more fruits, especially oranges, and more coffee and water. On the other hand, almost 70% of the respondents were drinking less alcohol and carbonated drinks during lockdown than before.
Analyse de la RentabilitÃ© Ã‰conomique du MaraÃ®chage dâ€™hivernage dans les Communes dâ€™Imanan et de Tagazar au Niger
Authors: MaÃ¯ga Djibril Idrissa Guisso , Boubacar Soumana
Published: June 2021

Dans leur quÃªte de sÃ©curitÃ© monÃ©taire, les mÃ©nages sâ€™adonnent au maraÃ®chage dâ€™hivernage qui de nos jours, reprÃ©sente une vÃ©ritable alternative de diversification de revenu. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude analyse aussi bien la rentabilitÃ© Ã©conomique des exploitations maraÃ®chÃ¨res dâ€™hivernage que les facteurs socioÃ©conomiques et techniques influenÃ§ant cette rentabilitÃ© dans les communes dâ€™Imanan et de Tagazar au Niger. Les donnÃ©es primaires ont Ã©tÃ© obtenues au moyen dâ€™enquÃªtes individuelles et des focus groups. Au total, 102 maraÃ®chers, choisis de faÃ§on alÃ©atoire, ont Ã©tÃ© enquÃªtÃ©s. Lâ€™analyse des donnÃ©es basÃ©e sur lâ€™approche budgÃ©taire, a permis dâ€™Ã©valuer les Ã©lÃ©ments comptables des exploitations. Une fonction stochastique de type Cobb-Douglass a Ã©tÃ© estimÃ©e Ã  lâ€™aide du logiciel STATA 14.1. Les rÃ©sultats montrent que le modÃ¨le est hautement significatif (p< 0,001) avec un coefficient de dÃ©termination multiple ajustÃ© RÂ² de 0,79. Il rÃ©sulte que les exploitations maraÃ®chÃ¨res dâ€™hivernage Ã©tudiÃ©es sont rentables, Ã©tant donnÃ© quâ€™un franc investi rapporte 3,47 FCFA. En ce qui concerne les dÃ©terminants, les rÃ©sultats montrent que lâ€™expÃ©rience des maraÃ®chers, la superficie cultivÃ©e et la vente individuelle au marchÃ© ont un effet positif significatif sur la marge nette dÃ©gagÃ©e. Pendant que la vente groupÃ©e bord parcelle lâ€™influence nÃ©gativement. Le maraÃ®chage dâ€™hivernage doit Ãªtre davantage promu au Niger tout en mettant lâ€™accent sur la vente individuelle au marchÃ©.
 
In their quest for monetary security, the households practice the rainy market gardening which is, at present, a real alternative of income diversification. This paper focuses on the rainy market gardening profitability in the municipalities of Imanan and Tagazar in Niger. It aims to identify the factors which explain this profitability. The data collected in the fields is used to calculate the different inputs, output, and the profitability of rainy market gardening. Cobb Douglass stochastic function is estimated. The model is significative (p< 0,001) with an adjusted coefficient of determination R 2 of 0,79. The model explains about 79% of net margin changing by the variables included. The result shows that on an average area of 180 m2 , a farmer who invests 74000 FCFA in rainy market garden earns a net margin of 177 156 FCFA. After using the regression model, it reveals that the net margin of rainy market gardening is influenced by variables like the experience, the area of gardening, and the selling product at the market. However, the age, being in famerâ€™s organization, access to information and other selling strategies were not significative in the model.
The advantages of the Chinese model: China's experience in fighting the coronavirus in the Russian press
Authors:   Hubei university of humanities and natural sciences, Rong Zhao , Fengqai Xu ,   Southwestern university, Ministry of Education of the PRC
Published: June 2021

The coronavirus epidemic is putting the state system and governments of different countries around the world on trial. While Western countries are still suffering from the epidemic, China is not only keeping its spread effectively under control, but also ensuring current economic growth. The difference between China's success and the West's helplessness in fighting the epidemic has drawn the attention of the Russian media to the Chinese model. They believe that, compared to Western countries, namely the United States, the Chinese authorities were quick to react and highly organised after the outbreak, always putting people's lives above everything else and, as a result, securing the people's trust. As a result of joint actions of the Communist Party, public discipline and people's trust towards the authorities, China has effectively mobilised all social forces in the fight against the coronavirus. China has clearly demonstrated its humanistic strategy both to its own citizens and to the rest of the world. All this clearly showed the great advantages of the Chinese model, i.e. of the specific Chinese socialism. Undoubtedly, the Russian media give a more objective assessment of China's measures and results in fighting the epidemic than the Western media. According to the authors of the article, this is closely linked to the Russian «East + West» special geopolitical situation and the special historical process of «socialism + capitalism» development in Russia. In conclusion, the authors are confident that Russia will be able to find a model of development suitable for the Russian people, comparing the Chinese model with the Western one.
«Kalechina-Malechina» cannot become a smart girl»: motive and plot parallels in the novels about teenage girls by Evgeniya Nekrasova and Huang Beijia
Authors:   Southwestern University of the PRC, Xiaohua Kou , Kalinina Tatiana Z. ,   Shijiazhuang railway institute of professional and technical education
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to comparative analysis of images and motifs in the novels KalechinaMalechina by Evgenia Nekrasova and I Will Be a Smart Girl by Huang Beijia, about teenage girls. These texts reveal similarities at the level of the image system, the archetypal motifs and the inner development of the mythological plot about the initiation of a child into adulthood. However, many similar motifs in the novels appear in contrasting functions: E. Nekrasova's novel shows the joyless world of an unloved child, while in Huang Beijia's novel we see the world of a wholesome and well-loved child, suffering from her own school failures. The artistic method of the novels is examined in relation to their mythological motifs. The Chinese text gravitates towards the traditions of socialist realism, performing one of its functions most characteristic of teenage literature – didacticism. Huang Beijia's novel can be described as a didactic auteur tale based on biographical material. The Russian text has been described by scholars as «magical» realism and is more than just an initiation novel or a didactic tale. It realises the eternal philosophical sense of the impact of love or its absence on human fate, the ontological abandonment of the human soul facing indifference or aggression from the world around it. It is not the protagonist's initiation but her ability to «survive» without losing herself that is central to the Russian novel.
Buddhism in the worldview of the characters in Gaito Gazdanov's works
Authors:   Beijing polytechnic institute (university) in Shenzhen, Kuan Yan
Published: June 2021

In the historical context of the total disintegration that occurred in Europe between 1920 and 1940, the Russian community abroad was particularly interested in Buddhism and the Buddhist worldview. This is connected with the general pessimistic atmosphere among Russian emigrants. Because of their disillusionment with harsh reality, many of them find consolation in Eastern religion to escape from the whirlwind of earthly existence. Such an unusual phenomenon wasnoticed by the young writer Gaito Gazdanov. The writer described this psychological phenomenon in his fiction. The main purpose of this article is to discover in Gazdanov's characters a psychological mindset closely linked to Buddhism. Accordingly, the aim of the study is to highlight the main characteristics of the Buddhist worldview in Gazdanov's characters, analyse the writer's perception of some Buddhist concepts and examine Gazdanov's attitude to the Buddhist teaching on life and superrealism. The material for the study is the novels An Evening at Clare's and The Return of the Buddha, meaningful in the early and mature periods of the writer's work. The analysis of the «Buddhist text» in Gazdanov's novels reveals a number of psychological traits in the characters that are similar to the category of Buddhism, such as detachment from the major history, deliberate alienation from the real world and dreamlike meditation as the main way of perceiving the world. At the same time, a number of Buddhist concepts, such as metempsychosis and nirvana, become the theme of the writer's work as well. This shows the mystical side of Gazdanov's work. However, the article concludes that the writer also warns of the danger and harm of the nihilism and indifference to life inherent in this Eastern religion, which eventually leads to the disappearance of the personality
Casa dos saberes ancestrais : diálogos com sabedorias africanas e afro-americanas
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Oliveira Junior Wenceslao Machado de , Luz Renata Soares da ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: June 2021

As mulheres têm sido, em grande medida, o chão para as tradições e memórias de ancestralidades diversas: africanas, quilombolas, indígenas, caiçaras, ribeirinhas, amazônicas... Elas, mulheres e ancestralidades, atuam como passagens entre as vidas coexistentes num mesmo lugar, humanas e não humanas; vidas diferentes que, ao interagirem, produzem mais diferença. A vida prolifera na e como multiplicidade e se revela em uma diversidade infinita de rostos, a maior parte deles não humana, ainda que sejam passíveis de os vermos espelhados nos rostos humanos. Este livro se pretende território para esses rostos e seus espelhamentos vários, assim como se faz chão para as histórias de alguns deles. Autoras e autores, entrevistadoras e entrevistadores, entrevistadas e entrevistados emprestam seus rostos e seus espelhos para compor esta obra. Nas suas palavras, e nas entrelinhas que se abrem entre elas, é onde vicejam as sabedorias ancestrais aqui presentes. Elas são semeadas, crescem, florescem e frutificam em meio às suas histórias pessoais. Qualquer história é composta por lutas. A história ocidental é repleta delas em todas as escalas e em todos os lugares. A expansão colonizadora fez com que não haja ponto na superfície do planeta onde alguém não tenha sido morto, ferido ou aprisionado, de ou para onde alguém não tenha fugido ou se escondido. Oceanos e continentes foram e são atravessados por lutas, conquistas e resistências.
Commercialisation of healthcare in India: Covid -19 and beyond
Authors: Roy Bijoya
Published: June 2021

This review of the government’s policy during the pandemic flags a number of ethical concerns. The private healthcare sector’s treatment of Covid-19 patients has generated mistrust and anger. However, the government has not held it accountable and instead commercialisation has subverted the pandemic needs. Government hospitals weakened by decades of cuts are exposed to internal reorganisation of services through the public-private partnership mechanism, a neoliberal policy that has persisted through the pandemic. There is a need to re-examine the government’s policy reliance on scaling-up coverage through the private sector in the pandemic and after.
Prevalence, inventory and characterization of different morphotypes of Fusarium spp. associated with spoilage of tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the west-region of Cameroon
Authors: Njimah Mfonmbouot Desiré , Noumbo Gaston R. Tsopmbeng , Tamekou Stephen Lacmata , Kamdoum Elie Keuete , Kuiate Jules-Roger
Published: June 2021

Fusariosis is one of the diseases that cause many pre- and post-harvest losses of tomato fruits. This disease is caused by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium spp. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Fusariosis in the major tomato fruit production basins in West Cameroon, to inventory and characterize the different Fusarium spp. morphotypes associated with this tomato fruit rot. To achieve this objective, the prevalence of these fruit rots was determined in each production basins. The different morphotypes were obtained from tomato fruit rot. The results showed that the prevalence of this disease was significantly higher and identical in all localities covered by the study according to the Duncan test at P ≤ 0.05. Fruits from these basins contained nine morphotypes of Fusarium spp. of which the most frequent were F1DS morphotypes (16.92%) from Dschang followed by F1BD (16.62%) and F3BD (16.34%) from Mbouda fruits and the least frequent was F3FBT from Foumbot. The study of the morpho-cultural characters of the different morphotypes of Fusarium spp. showed that the morphotypes F2DSC from Dschang, F1FBT, F3FBT from Foumbot, F1BD, F3BD and F4BD from Mbouda showed the greatest radial growth. Similarly, the morphotypes F2DSC from Dschang and F1BD from Mbouda showed the fastest growth rate, while the lowest growth rates were recorded with the F1DSC, F3DSC from Dschang and F2FBT from Foumbot. Foumbot's F3FBT and Mbouda's F1BD morphotypes showed the highest sporulation rate. On the other hand, the F3DSC morphotype of Dschang showed the lowest number of conidia.
Recent updates on the role of herbal medicine for Alzheimer's disease (Dementia)
Authors: Malabadi Ravindra B. , Kolkar Kiran P. , Meti Neelambika T. , Chalannavar Raju K.
Published: June 2021

This review paper highlights the use of medicinal plants in the management of Alzheimer's disease and memory deficit. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, a serious brain disorder that impacts daily living through memory loss and cognitive changes. Alzheimer's disease is also age-related neurodegenerative disorders caused by progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, resulting in neuronal cell death. Alzheimer's patients have an acetylcholine deficiency. Stressful conditions, free radicle scavanging and oxidation are often associated with loss of memory and cognitive functions, which may lead to threats of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. However, the use of allopathic drugs has resulted in the adverse side effects on the human body and thus limits the use of such drugs. Herbal cognitive enhancer drugs have shown their potent effect in Alzheimer’s disease due to their antioxidant and neuropharmacological actions. The use of natural cognitive enhancers evidenced to improve mental functions such as cognition, memory, intelligence, motivation, attention and concentration. Traditional Ayurvedic herbal system of medicine is fundamentally preventive, protective, nutritive, curative and less expensive. Therefore, the use of herbal medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is a novel approach without any side effects.
Colonial education in Icó-CE: educational process of the first inhabitants (1599-1759)
Authors: Lima Paulo Rogério de , Nóbrega-Therrien Sílvia Maria , Pinto Cesar Augusto Sadalla
Published: June 2021

This article aimed to (re)constitute historic aspects of the educational process in Icó – CE, with emphases in the education of the local inhabitants, from 1599 to 1759, that is situated in the Brazilian colonial period. Therefore, it was realized a documental study, exploring some writings by local authors as Couto (1962) and Lima (1995). Education in Icó in Brazil Colonia was not a peaceful process. On contrary, it was in the beginning characterized by tensions, violence and resistance, because the native Indians insisted on defending their territory against European invaders. The religious indoctrination was a way used by determinators to subjugate native people culturally of Brazilian territory. The construction of Nossa Senhora da Expectação Church, in 1709, was a fundamental milestone to stabilization of the educating priests and organization of village routine.
Development of a Machine Learning Model for the Estimation of Hip and Lumbar Angles in Ballet Dancers
Authors: Hendry Danica , Napier Kathryn , Hosking Richard , Chai Kevin , Davey Paul , Hopper Luke , Wild Catherine , O'Sullivan Peter , Straker Leon , Campbell Amity
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE: Accurate field-based assessment of dance kinematics is important to understand the etiology, and thus prevention and management, of hip and back pain. The study objective was to develop a machine learning model to estimate thigh elevation and lumbar sagittal plane angles
during ballet leg lifting tasks, using wearable sensor data. METHODS: Female dancers (n=30) performed ballet-specific leg lifting tasks to the front, side, and behind the body. Dancers wore six wearable sensors (100 Hz). Data were simultaneously collected using an 18-camera motion analysis
system (250 Hz). Due to synchronization and hardware malfunction issues, only 23 dancers had usable data. Using leave-one-out cross-validation, machine learning models were compared with the optic motion capture system using root mean square error (RMSE) in degrees and correlation coefficients
(r) over the complete movement profile of each leg lift and mean absolute error (MAE) and Bland Altman plots for peak angle accuracy. RESULTS: The average RMSE for model estimation was 6.8 for thigh elevation angle and 5.6 for lumbar spine sagittal plane angle, with respective MAE of 6 and
5.7. There was a strong correlation between the machine learning model and optic motion capture for peak angle values (thigh r=0.86, lumbar r=0.96). CONCLUSION: The models developed demonstrated an acceptable degree of accuracy for the estimation of thigh elevation angle and lumbar spine sagittal
plane angle during dance-specific leg lifting tasks. This provides potential for a near-real-time, field-based measurement system.
Jumping in Ballet: A Systematic Review of Kinetic and Kinematic Parameters
Authors: Mattiussi Adam , Shaw Joseph W , Brown Derrick D , Price Phil , Cohen Daniel D , Pedlar Charles R , Tallent Jamie
Published: June 2021

AIMS: Understanding the biomechanics of jumping in ballet dancers provides an opportunity to optimize performance and mitigate injury risk. This systematic review aimed to summarize research investigating kinetics and kinematics of jumping in ballet dancers. METHODS: PubMed (MEDLINE),
SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies published before December 2020. Studies were required to investigate dancers specializing in ballet, assess kinetics or kinematics during take-off or landing, and be published in English. RESULTS: A total of 3,781 articles
were identified, of which 29 met the inclusion criteria. Seven studies investigated take-off (kinetics: n = 6; kinematics: n = 4) and 23 studies investigated landing (kinetics: n = 19; kinematics: n = 12). Included articles were categorized into six themes: Activity Type (n = 10), Environment
and Equipment (n = 10), Demographics (n = 8), Physical Characteristics (n = 3), Injury Status (n = 2), and Skill Acquisition and Motor Control (n = 1). Peak landing vertical ground reaction force (1.4 x 9.6 times body weight) was most commonly reported. Limited evidence suggests greater ankle
involvement during the take-off of ballet jumps compared to countermovement jumps. There is also limited evidence indicating greater sagittal plane joint excursions upon landing in ballet dancers compared to non-dancers, primarily through a more extended lower extremity at initial contact.
Only 4 articles investigated male ballet dancers, which is a notable gap in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this review can be used by dance science and medicine practitioners to improve their understanding of jumping in ballet dancers.
Injury Frequency and Characteristics in Adolescent and Adult Circus Artists: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Greenspan Stephanie
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Despite growing participation in circus arts, little is known about associated injuries. Understanding injury patterns is critical for developing interventions to decrease injury risk and guiding rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this pilot prospective cohort study
was to describe injury frequency and characteristics in adolescent and adult circus artists using a surveillance method derived from dance. METHODS: Participants included 14 adolescent [mean age 14.7 yrs (1.3); 100% female] and 10 adult circus artists [mean age 30.7 yrs (3.1); 60% female].
Circus training exposure (single session of one circus discipline) and injuries were tracked for 1 year using a dance-derived injury surveillance guideline. A regression analysis was run using total session exposures, age (in years), and years of circus experience as predictor variables for
injury rate. RESULTS: Twenty-one of 24 participants completed the study. Forty-seven injuries were reported (53.2% time loss; 46.8% non-time loss). Joint injuries were most common for both groups. The injury rate per 1,000 exposures was 3 (95%CI 0.6–8.7) for adolescents and 13 (95%CI
6.9–22.01) for adults. The overall regression was significant (F(3,13)=6.66, p=0.006). The only significant predictor was age (beta=0.82, p=0.003). Total session exposures and years of circus experience had betas close to 0 (–0.11 and –0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION: This
pilot study comparing injuries in adolescent and adult circus artists found age but not exposure was predictive of injury risk. Use of a standardized injury surveillance guideline in circus, similar to the one used in this study, will provide greater insight into injury patterns by allowing
between-study comparison.
¿Cómo determinar su riesgo empresarial?
Authors: Celaya Figueroa Roberto , López Parra María Elvira
Published: June 2021

Las empresas cambian de manera constante, operativa o estructuralmente, sea para responder a las necesidades del mercado o para adecuarse a los cambios. Cualquier persona interesada en analizar una empresa tiene a su alcance herramientas de análisis que van desde determinar su liquidez, rentabilidad y solvencia o sus niveles de operación y los cambios que se generan en su estructura financiera; pero un análisis muy importante y difícil, por los sesgos que sus resultados pueden generar, es la determinación del riesgo inherente a la empresa, tema al que se aboca el presente trabajo
Editorial
Authors: Silva Duarte Jorge Enrique
Published: June 2021

La Universidad EAN ha demostrado siempre un profundo interés por el mundo de la cultura, asociado a su larga tradición docente, investigativa y de divulgación en el ámbito de la formación integral, donde las Humanidades y las Ciencias Sociales son esenciales. Durante los últimos años esta aproximación ha adquirido especial trascendencia hasta convertirla hoy en uno de sus principales intereses institucionales. En ese sentido, hemos desarrollado programas de formación ambiciosos y puesto en marcha proyectos concretos de investigación que generen conocimiento útil para el fortalecimiento de los programas y las acciones de Extensión y Proyección Social. Esta actitud evidencia la elevada prioridad que al tema se le da en nuestra Universidad. Actualmente, a través del grupo de investigación "Estudios y Gestión Cultural", estamos incursionando en el campo de la cultura y de la gestión de organizaciones relacionadas con ella, con el ánimo de aportar a los procesos de formación de profesionales emprendedores en este campo y adicionalmente, generar procesos gerenciales y administrativos necesarios para el desarrollo cultural de nuestro país. Estos temas dan aún mayor sentido a la presencia de la Universidad EAN en este escenario: la necesidad de una gestión con formación focalizada que garantice la sostenibilidad de las acciones que emprenden los profesionales motivados por la creación de empresas relacionadas con la cultura y la mejora continua de los programas y proyectos que desarrollan en pro de la cultura, instituciones públicas y privadas.
Aproximación conceptual a los estudios de la cultura y a la gestión cultural
Authors: Ramírez Mejía Julieta
Published: June 2021

Este artículo es una primera aproximación de explicación de los conceptos más importantes que le dan sentido al enfoque de los estudios de la cultura y a la gestión cultural, como proceso y como producto. Procesos y productos culturales que van de la mano en busca de una explicación y aplicación interdisciplinaria dado que el concepto cultura, tradicionalmente objeto de estudio de la Antropología, hoy día trasciende y cobra mayor dimensión y sentido desde las Ciencias Sociales
Marketing cultural
Authors: Gómez Ramírez Claudia
Published: June 2021

Este artículo analiza la definición de "Marketing" Cultural y la adaptación y beneficios del "marketing" tradicional respecto al conjunto de manifestaciones artísticas de las diversas industrias involucradas en el sector cultural o artístico; asimismo, se desagregan los conceptos básicos que lo componen como factor de éxito en dichas empresas. Se hace uso de la exposición de casos específicos para ilustrar la articulación de estos dos conceptos aparentemente contrapuestos, cultura y "marketing", y registra algunas reflexiones para que el lector se involucre en la construcción del concepto aquí presentado.
Factores clave de éxito para una implantación exitosa del Sistema de Gestión Estratégica "Balanced Scorecard"
Authors: Olarte Juan Pablo , García Alberto
Published: June 2021

El Balanced Scorecard es una herramienta útil que facilita y estructura el proceso de planeación estratégica de las organizaciones, sin embargo su implantación en muchas ocasiones no se traduce en los resultados esperados inicialmente y es necesario tomar en consideraciÃ³n factores claves de éxito y mejores prácticas utilizadas en casos exitosos de implantación. Aquí­ se presenta una recopilación de las principales recomendaciones hechas por autores reconocidos en el tema, las compara con las acciones realizadas en casos exitosos publicados en revistas arbitradas, las consolida en nueve factores claves de éxito del proceso de implantación, los cuales son validados a la luz de experiencias positivas y negativas de once casos de organizaciones colombianas por medio de entrevistas. Se presenta un análisis de la discriminación de cada factor en el resultado final y los consolida en tres grupos de importancia.
Análisis empírico de la aplicación del modelo de modernización de la gestión para organizaciones en PyMEs colombianas
Authors: Pérez Uribe Rafael Ignacio , Garzón Gaitán Mario , Nieto Potes Mauricio
Published: June 2021

Esta publicación presenta tres grandes resultados de la aplicación del Modelo de Modernización para la Gestión de Organizaciones – MMGO- en 127 PyMEs colombianas: el análisis estadístico y psicométrico de los instrumentos utilizados en el MMGO, la evidencia empírica de la aplicación del Modelo en las 127 empresas y las recomendaciones para desarrollar una gestión empresarial de excelencia para la PyME colombiana.
Complejidad, equilibrio y finanzas: conceptos y herramientas para la gestión de empresas sostenibles
Authors: Saravía Ríos Jorge
Published: June 2021

Las organizaciones insertas en un entorno complejo deben ser estructuras dinámicas y flexibles, con capacidad de fijar metas concretas y construir metodologías efectivas para guiar y monitorear su avance en la dirección correcta. Quizá la meta más universal para una organización compleja es el ser sostenible; el problema de la sostenibilidad como meta es que puede observarse desde un gran número de perspectivas y generar diversas interpretaciones.Peguntas como ¿Ser sostenible acaso no significa ser mediocre? ¿A quién le interesa ser sostenible, al accionista o al empleado? ¿Qué se gana siendo sostenible? ¿Ser sostenible significa tener más plata? ¿Ser sostenible equivale a tener la mayor participación en el mercado? ¿Soy sostenible si soy rentable? dejan ver que sin una estandarización de ese “ser sostenible” y sin la existencia de un modelo formal que permita su “medición” no será posible usarlo como meta y no se contará con una herramienta válida de gestión.
Un estudio de casos sobre liderazgo transformacional y competencias directivas en el sector floricultor de Colombia
Authors: Páez Iliana , Rincón Andrés , Astudillo Margarita , Bohórquez Stella
Published: June 2021

Rev.esc.adm.negUn buen liderazgo es esencial para el desarrollo exitoso de las organizaciones y de sus miembros. El liderazgo transformacional, es un enfoque contemporáneo que resalta las bases morales del liderazgo y ha sido valorado en diversas culturas, asociándose con la efectividad del liderazgo y resultados en los trabajadores tales como satisfacción y desempeño. Se manifiesta a través de cuatro dimensiones básicas de comportamiento (influencia idealizada, motivación inspiradora, estímulo intelectual y consideración individualizada) y en las competencias de liderazgo de un dirigente. En este artículo, se analizan estas dimensiones y diez competencias de liderazgo (integridad y confianza, orientación a la obtención de resultados, importancia en la acción, perseverancia, uso efectivo del tiempo, comunicación empática, conformación y desarrollo de equipos de alto desempeño, toma de decisiones, capacidad negociadora, y capacidad de direccionamiento estratégico), en los dirigentes de una muestra de 16 empresas del sector floricultor en Colombia con el sello Florverde.Este sello, refleja el cuidado por la calidad de los productos y el compromiso de las empresas con el medioambiente y de responsabilidad social, aspectos que se asocian con las bases morales del liderazgo transformacional. Entre los directivos estudiados, se encontraron dos dimensiones de liderazgo transformacional: influencia idealizada y motivación inspiradora y su competencia más destacada fue la integridad y confianza, elementos claves para el desarrollo exitoso del liderazgo transformacional.