bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI NON FINANSIAL TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI (ASN) DINAS PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Winaryo Slamet , Nabila Nur Ainun , Nugroho Piter Joko
Published: March 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kompensasi non finansial terhadap peningkatan kinerja pegawai (ASN). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket/kuesioner yang diolah untuk diambil kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis regresi diperoleh persamaan regresi Y = 18,293 + 0,641X, yang artinya nilai konstanta harga variabel Y (kinerja pegawai) = 18,293 apabila variabel X (kompensasi non finansial) = 0, dan setiap peningkatan variabel X (kompensasi non finansial) sebanyak 1 % akan meningkatkan nilai variabel Y (kinerja pegawai) sebanyak 0,641 atau 64,1%. Dari hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t diperoleh nilai thitung sebesar 7,967. Kemudian nilai tersebut dikonsultasikan dengan t-tabel pada taraf signifikan 5% diperoleh nilai sebesar 1,657. Karena, thitung > ttabel, dengan nilai sigifikansi 0,00 < 0,05, maka hal ini berarti hipotesis Ho ditolak, sedangkan hipotesis alternatif Ha diterima. Artinya Pemberian kompensasi non finansial berpengaruh secara positif dan siginifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) di Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah.
Abstract: This study aims to determine the effect of non-financial compensation on employee performance improvement (ASN), how much contribution is given and whether it has significance or not. Sources of data in this study were collected using data collection techniques through questionnairess that were processed to draw conclusions. Differentiate regression analysis, the regression equation is Y = 18.293 + 0.641X, which means that the constant value of the variable price Y (employee performance) = 18.293 if the variable X (non-financial compensation) = 0, and each increase in variable X (non-financial compensation) is 1% will increase the value of the variable Y (employee performance) by as much 0.641 or 64,1%.  From the results of hypothesis testing using the t test, it was obtained the t value of 7,967. Then the value is consulted with the t-table at the 5% significant level, the value is 1.657. Because t-count > t-table, with a value sigifikansi 0,00 < 0,05, then this means that the hypothesis Ho is rejected, while the alternative hypothesis Ha accepted. This means that the provision of non-financial compensation has a positive and significant effect on the performance of the State Civil Service (ASN) employees at the Education Office of Central Kalimantan Province.
Singularly Perturbed Integro-Differential Equations With Rapidly Oscillating Coefficients and With Rapidly Changing Kernel in the Case of a Multiple Spectrum
Authors: Kalimbetov Burkhan , Safonov Valery
Published: March 2021

The paper investigates a system with rapidly oscillating coefficients and with a rapidly decreasing kernel of the integral operator. Previously, only differential problems of this type were studied in which the integral term was absent. The presence of an integral operator significantly affects the development of an algorithm for asymptotic solutions, for the implementation of which it is necessary to take into account essentially singularities generated by the rapidly decreasing spectral value of the kernel of the integral operator. In addition, resonances can arise in the problem under consideration (i.e., the case can be realized when an integer linear combination of the eigenvalues of the rapidly oscillating coefficient coincides with the points of the spectrum of the limiting operator over the entire considered time interval), as well as the case where the eigenvalue of the rapidly oscillating coefficient coincides with the points spectrum of the limiting operator. This case generates a multiple spectrum of the original singularly perturbed integro-differential system. A similar problem was previously considered in the case of a simple spectrum. More complex cases of resonance (for example, point resonance) require more careful analysis and are not considered in this article.
Knowledge and Attitude Relationship on Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Towards The Prevention of Covid-19 Transmission in RW.03 Ciganjur Village South Jakarta
Authors: Saputri Milla Evelianti , Suharyanto Toto , Khumaera Dhea
Published: March 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originating from Wuhan, China began to emerge in December 2019. Until now, COVID-19 has become a global pandemic, and Indonesia has been one of the countries that affected by this virus since March 2020. Based on World Health Organization data on October 20, 2020, corona has spread in 215 countries and has infected 40.4 million people. And based on data from the Indonesian Task Force for Covid-19, the victims who have been infected have reached 369,000 people. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes about Clean and Healthy Behavior towards the prevention of COVID-19 in RW.03 Ciganjur Sub-District. The sample in this study amounted to 97 respondents in RW.03 Ciganjur Sub-District. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling and the data were analyzed using Chi-Square. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge about clean and healthy behaviors against the prevention of COVID-19 transmission, indicated by a p value of 0.000 (p
Perceiving action boundaries for overhead reaching in a height-related situation
Authors: Lin Lisa P. Y. , Linkenauger Sally A.
Published: March 2021

To successfully interact within our environment, individuals need to learn the maximum extent (or minimum) over which they can perform actions, popularly referred to as action boundaries. Because people learn such boundaries over time from perceptual motor feedback across different contexts, both environmental and physiological, the information upon which action boundaries are based must inherently be characterised by variability. With respect to reaching, recent work suggests that regardless of the type of variability present in their perceptual-motor experience, individuals favoured a liberal action boundary for horizontal reaching. However, the ways in which action boundaries are determined following perceptual-motor variability could also vary depending on the environmental context as well as the type of reach employed. The present research aimed to established whether the perceptual system utilises the same strategy for all types of reaches over different contexts. Participants estimated their overhead reachability following experience reaching with either a long or a short virtual arm, or a virtual arm that varied in length – while standing on the edge of a rooftop or standing on the ground. Results indicated that while similar strategies were used to determine action boundaries in both height- and non-height-related context, participants were significantly more conservative with their reachability estimates in the height-related context. Participants were sensitive to the probabilistic information associated with different arm’s reach they have experienced during the calibration phase, and used a weighted average of reaching experience to determine their action boundary under conditions of uncertainty.
Cumulative semantic cost without successful naming
Authors: Navarrete Eduardo , Benavides-Varela Silvia , Lorusso Riccardina , Arfè Barbara
Published: March 2021

Accessing semantic information has negative consequences for successive recovering attempts of similar information. For instance, in the course of picture-naming tasks, the time required to name an object is determined by the total number of items from the same category that have already been named; naming latencies increase proportionally to the total number of semantically related words named previously. This phenomenon is called cumulative semantic cost (or interference). Two picture-naming experiments with children (4–11 years old, 229 participants) investigate whether having successfully named the previous within-category items is a necessary condition for the cumulative semantic cost to appear. We anticipated that younger children would have a larger rate of nonresponses compared with older children, reflecting the fact that younger children have not yet consolidated many lexical representations. Our results confirmed this prediction. Critically, we also observed that cumulative semantic cost was independent of having successfully retrieved previous within-category lexical items. Furthermore, picture trials for which the previous within-category item elicited a nonresponse showed the same amount of cost as those picture trials for which the previous within-category item elicited a correct naming event. Our findings indicate that it is the attempt to retrieve a lexical unit, and not the successful retrieval of a specific lexical unit, that causes semantic cost in picture naming. This cost can be explained by a mechanism of weakening the semantic-to-lexical mappings of semantic coordinate words. The findings are also discussed in the context of retrieval-induced forgetting effects in memory recall research.
PKM Pelatihan Strategi Pengembangan Bauran Pemasaran Untuk Peningkatan Omzet UMKM
Authors: Nurendah Yulia , Mekaniwati Ani , Maulina Dwi
Published: March 2021

The marketing aspect plays a very important role. Products that are preferred by consumers, setting the right price, choosing the right location and distribution channels, and the right promotion will be able to increase business performance in terms of marketing and turnover earned.

Marketing Mix Development Strategy Training for Increasing MSME Turnover aims to 1) Increase knowledge and understanding regarding product development in terms of variant, packaging, size, brand and quality. 2) Increase knowledge and understanding regarding product pricing that attracts consumers. 3) Increase knowledge and understanding regarding the development of distribution channels and selection of appropriate business locations. 4) Increase knowledge and understanding regarding the development of promotional strategies

To carry out these activities, several training methods are used, namely: Lecture Method, Question and Answer Method, and Simulation Method. This simulation method is very important given to the training participants to provide the opportunity to practice the training material obtained. The hope is that the training participants will really master the training material received, know their level of ability to apply entrepreneurial activities technically and then identify the difficulties (if they still exist) to be solved later.

The evaluation of the success of this training shows the following data: as many as 81% of MSME participants / players can understand well the activities of implementing the marketing mix development training, 76% of MSME participants / players are able to practice marketing mix development, As many as 78% of MSME participants / players are willing to socialize their abilities development of the marketing mix to colleagues. Taking into account these data, it can be concluded that the training success indicators that have been set at the beginning get optimal results and reach the target.

 

Key words: marketing mix
The role of gender in the acquisition of the Serbian case system
Authors: Pophristic Stefan , Schuler Kathryn
Published: March 2021

Serbo-Croatian is marked for seven cases and has a noun class vs. gender distinction. Given the complexity of the inflectional system, we look at Serbo-Croatian as a case study in case acquisition. We explore different correlations  available in the input that children could leverage to acquire the case system in Serbo-Croatian. We ask three main questions: 1) does a noun’s gender predict the noun’s nominative singular suffix? 2) does a noun’s nominative singular suffix predict the noun’s gender? and 3) does a noun’s noun class predict the noun’s gender? Specifically, we ask whether the language input provides children with sufficient evidence to form these three productive generalizations. To test this, we apply the Tolerance Principle (Yang, 2016) to a corpus of 270 inflected Serbian nouns. Within this set of data, we find that: 1) all nominative singular suffixes productively predict a gender; 2) all genders productively predict a nominative singular suffix (with the exception of the neuter gender which predicts two suffixes); and 3) two of the three noun classes predict a single gender. We conclude that the input provides sufficient evidence for these productive correlations and we argue that children can leverage these generalizations to infer the declension patterns or gender of novel nouns. We discuss how, given these findings, children could acquire most of the inflectional system by focusing on gender as a categorization system for nouns, without needing to posit abstract categories of noun class.
The Influence of Impulsiveness on Local Food Purchase Behavior in a Tourism Context
Authors: Coskun Guliz , Norman William
Published: March 2021

People show different purchasing behavior during travel than in their daily lives. During vacation, due to time limitations tourists tend to purchase local products impulsively. The current study aimed to incorporate impulsiveness in the Theory of Reasoned Action in a tourism context. The conceptual model assumes the direct influence of impulsiveness on the intention to eat local food and the food related behavior. We have also tested the moderating impact of impulsiveness on the relationship between affective attitude and intention. We have collected 380 questionnaires among visitors in South Carolina, USA and analyzed the results with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). While the impact of impulsiveness on intention and behavior was not significant, the indirect influence of impulsiveness on the relationship between positive attitude and intention was. Current study showed the importance of positive attitude on the local food consumption among tourists. Study also revealed that impulsive people tend to act on positive thoughts and emotions. The promotional efforts to sell local food in the region should aim to strengthen positive emotions and encourage impulse purchase among tourists.
Last Chance Tourism in South Africa
Authors: Hoogendoorn Gijsbert
Published: March 2021

Last Chance Tourism (LCT) is defined by tourists’ urgent visits to landscapes and
seascapes, natural environments and places of social and cultural
importance/heritage before they disappear. The obliteration of these
environments is attributed to the rapid and destructive effects of global
environmental change and globalization. These influences are leading to the
demise of natural systems and biodiversity, including in polar regions and
coral reef systems. Furthermore, cultures and traditions are also being lost. Scholarly
investigations to date have reflected on the contention between the
experiential gain in visiting destinations before they disappear on the one
hand, and the losses to, and demise of, those very destinations through such
visits. Despite above-global-average rise in temperature, increasingly frequent
droughts and flooding, as well as rapid globalization, the South African
experience on LCT destinations remains under-investigated. This paper uses
secondary sources to explore current and future destinations where cultural
groups are threatened, fauna and flora are on the brink of extinction, and
landscapes are changing for the worse. Future research opportunities are identified
and conceptual concerns are discussed.
Main characteristics of dock-kessons, their use in the river fleet system and improvements after commissioning
Authors: Shalak S , Kesler Anatoly A.
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this work is to collect, analyze and generalize information on the operation of river dock-caissons. Currently, dock-caissons are rarely built despite their advantages. However, ship-lifting structures do not lose their relevance. The paper analyzes the constructed dock-boxes intended for caissoning the ends of passenger and cargo ships and docking of small vessels, namely, their fundamental design, analysis of hulls, systems and devices, as well as supporting structures on the slipway-deck, identified the main problems and search their decisions. A patent search was carried out on this topic and the most successful solutions were identified. The results of the work are generalized information about the operation of dock-boxes and allow to optimize further design, construction and operation of dock-boxes, taking into account the accumulated experience, and also allows to avoid mistakes that were made earlier. As a result of this work, some aspects of the operation of the ship-lifting structures were identified that were not taken into account in the design
Mathematical model and algorithmic process of solving the problem of the intra-day regulation of discharge of water through the Nizhny Novgorod low-pressure hydroelectric complex
Authors: Sitnov Alexandr , Ageev Sergey O.
Published: March 2021

Introduction of measures for intra-day of regulating runoff incoming water flow rates from the Nizhny Novgorod HPP and their discharge through the spillway of the Nizhny Novgorod low-pressure hydroelectric complex requires a specific algorithm for dispatcher actions of the created hydraulic system. At the same time, there are serious difficulties in predicting the water regime over time. As previous studies have shown there is a large unevenness and irregularity of water discharges not only during the same day, but also in the same periods of each day, as well as weeks, months, and years. Тhis article analyzes the boundary conditions when introducing measures of regulating runoff, a mathematical model and an algorithm for solving the problem of intraday regulation are developed, describing the sequence of actions for solving the problem of "smoothing" the flow rates supplied to the lower stream of the Nizhny Novgorod low-pressure hydroelectric complex. The implementation of the proposed measures is carried out according to a three-stage (or two-stage) schedule for regulating the flow rate and water level. The proposed measures will improve the hydraulic and hydrological conditions of the downstream reach of the Nizhny Novgorod low-pressure hydroelectric complex by which the necessary depths for navigation will be reached. Conditions have also been created to mitigate erosion processes.
EFEITOS ERGOGÊNICOS DA MÚSICA NAS AULAS COLETIVAS DE JUMP
Authors: Perfeito Rodrigo Silva , Matos Stefannie Da Silva , Fonseca Álax Alves da
Published: March 2021

O presente estudo tem como propósito investigar a influência da música como recurso ergogênico nas aulas coletivas de Jump em academias. Para tanto, contou com uma amostra de 22 indivíduos saudáveis, praticantes de exercícios físicos e que participavam de atividades em que a música era utilizada como um dos elementos principais da aula. Para analise do esforço foram coletadas a frequência cardíaca (FC) e a percepção subjetiva de esforço (E.BORG) em aulas com música (CM) e sem música (SM). Os avaliados completaram duas sessões (CM e SM) de testes, divididas em três etapas: metrônomo 120, metrônomo 140 e metrônomo 160 com execução continua no mini trampolim. As médias dos valores de FC e E.BORG apresentaram uma diferença gradativa no aumento da intensidade e queda na percepção subjetiva de esforço no grupo CM. Conclui-se que a música é um eficiente recurso ergogênico para praticantes de Jump, pois possibilita a diminuição da percepção de esforço e aumento da intensidade em diferentes ritmos motores.
TRATAMENTO HORMONIOTERÁPICO NÃO ALTERA A FORÇA DE PREENSÃO MANUAL EM MULHERES SOBREVIVENTES DO CÂNCER DE MAMA.
Authors: Silva Weder Alves da
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A hormonioterapia é um tipo de tratamento eficiente contra o câncer de mama. Contudo, recentes evidências têm demonstrado efeitos colaterais negativos no estado geral da saúde em mulheres nessa condição. Nesse sentido, vale ressaltar que a força muscular é um importante componente da aptidão física que está relacionado a saúde. Objetivo:  Comparar a força de preensão manual (FPM) de indivíduos saudáveis (SD) com indivíduos sobreviventes do câncer de mama (SCM) sob tratamento hormonal. Metodologia: Foram recrutadas 10 mulheres sobreviventes do câncer de mama (SCM) que estavam realizando hormonioterapia e 10 mulheres saudáveis (SD). Foi realizado o teste de força de preensão manual (FPM) a fim de comparar os valores entre os grupos. O teste T independente foi utilizado para comparar as médias dos dados paramétricos entre os grupos. O nível de significância foi p≤0,05. Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos SCM e SD no membro direito (25,5 ± 5,9 Kg e 27,0 ± 3,3 Kg, respectivamente (p= 0,09)) e esquerdo (24,2 ± 6,0 Kg e 26,0 ± 4,3 Kg, respectivamente (p= 0,21)). Conclusão: Podemos considerar que a FPM não foi influenciada pelo tratamento hormonal, demostrando valores semelhantes entre os grupos. Sendo assim, profissionais da saúde podem utilizar este conhecimento a fim de viabilizar estratégias durante a terapia hormonal que exijam força muscular como a prática de exercício físico, a fim de melhorar o prognostico da doença.
Ring Formation in Protoplanetary Disks Driven by an Eccentric Instability
Authors: Li Jiaru , Dempsey Adam M. , Li Hui , Li Shengtai
Published: March 2021

We find that, under certain conditions, protoplanetary disks may spontaneously generate multiple, concentric gas rings without an embedded planet through an eccentric cooling instability. Using both linear theory and nonlinear hydrodynamics simulations, we show that a variety of background states may trap a slowly precessing, one-armed spiral mode that becomes unstable when a gravitationally stable disk rapidly cools. The angular momentum required to excite this spiral comes at the expense of nonuniform mass transport that generically results in multiple rings. For example, one long-term hydrodynamics simulation exhibits four long-lived, axisymmetric gas rings. We verify the instability evolution and ring-formation mechanism from first principles with our linear theory, which shows remarkable agreement with the simulation results. Dust trapped in these rings may produce observable features consistent with observed disks. Additionally, direct detection of the eccentric gas motions may be possible when the instability saturates, and any residual eccentricity left over in the rings at later times may also provide direct observational evidence of this mechanism.
TeV Cosmic-Ray Nucleus Acceleration in Shell-type Supernova Remnants with Hard γ-Ray Spectra
Authors: Zeng Houdun , Xin Yuliang , Zhang Shuinai , Liu Siming
Published: March 2021

The emission mechanism for hard γ-ray spectra from supernova remnants (SNRs) is still a matter of debate. Recent multiwavelength observations of the TeV source HESS J1912+101 show that it is associated with an SNR with an age of ∼100 kyr, making it unlikely produce the TeV γ-ray emission via leptonic processes. We analyzed Fermi observations of it and found an extended source with a hard spectrum. HESS J1912+101 may represent a peculiar stage of SNR evolution that dominates the acceleration of TeV cosmic rays. By fitting the multiwavelength spectra of 13 SNRs with hard GeV γ-ray spectra with simple emission models with a density ratio of GeV electrons to protons of ∼10−2, we obtain reasonable mean densities and magnetic fields with a total energy of ∼1050 erg for relativistic ions in each SNR. Among these sources, only two of them, namely SN 1006 and RCW 86, favor a leptonic origin for the γ-ray emission. The magnetic field energy is found to be comparable to that of accelerated relativistic ions and their ratio has a tendency to increase with the age of SNRs. These results suggest that TeV cosmic rays mainly originate from SNRs with hard γ-ray spectra.
Inferring Solar Differential Rotation through Normal-mode Coupling Using Bayesian Statistics
Authors: Kashyap Samarth G. , Das Srijan Bharati , Hanasoge Shravan M. , Woodard Martin F. , Tromp Jeroen
Published: March 2021

Normal-mode helioseismic data analysis uses observed solar oscillation spectra to infer perturbations in the solar interior due to global and local-scale flows and structural asphericity. Differential rotation, the dominant global-scale axisymmetric perturbation, has been tightly constrained primarily using measurements of frequency splittings via “a-coefficients.” However, the frequency-splitting formalism invokes the approximation that multiplets are isolated. This assumption is inaccurate for modes at high angular degrees. Analyzing eigenfunction corrections, which respect cross-coupling of modes across multiplets, is a more accurate approach. However, applying standard inversion techniques using these cross-spectral measurements yields a-coefficients with a significantly wider spread than the well-constrained results from frequency splittings. In this study, we apply Bayesian statistics to infer a-coefficients due to differential rotation from cross-spectra for both f-modes and p-modes. We demonstrate that this technique works reasonably well for modes with angular degrees ℓ = 50–291. The inferred a
3-coefficients are found to be within 1 nHz of the frequency-splitting values for ℓ > 200. We also show that the technique fails at ℓ < 50 owing to the insensitivity of the measurement to the perturbation. These results serve to further establish mode-coupling as an important helioseismic technique with which to infer internal structure and dynamics, both axisymmetric (e.g., meridional circulation) and non-axisymmetric perturbations.
Data Browser Matsch | Mazia: Web Application to access microclimatic time series of an ecological research site
Authors: Palma Martin , Zandonai Alessandro , Cattani Luca , Klotz Johannes , Genova Giulio , Brida Christian , Andreatta Norbert , Niedrist Georg , Della Chiesa Stefano
Published: March 2021

Easily accessible data is an essential requirement for scientific data analysis. The Data Browser Matsch | Mazia was designed to provide a fast and comprehensible solution to access, visualize and download the microclimatic measurements of the IT 25 LT(S)ER Match | Mazia research site in South Tyrol, Northern Italy, with the overall aim to provide straightforward data accessibility and enhance dissemination.

Data Browser Matsch | Mazia is a user-friendly web-based application to visualize and download micrometeorological and biophysical time series of the Long-Term Socio-Ecological Research site Matsch | Mazia in South Tyrol, Italy. It is designed both for the general public and researchers. The Data Browser Matsch | Mazia drop-down menus allow the user to query the InfluxDB database in the backend by selecting the measurements, time range, land use and elevation. Interactive Grafana dashboards show dynamic graphs of the time series.
La Kabylie dans le Hirak algérien. Enjeux et perspectives
Authors: Tilmatine Mohand
Published: March 2021

L’apparition de groupes politiques réclamant l’autonomie politique puis l’indépendance de la Kabylie est un phénomène qui change la donne dans la région et induit une réflexion sur le modèle même de gouvernance du pays. Cette évolution conditionne également le débat sur la participation de la Kabylie dans le Hirak ainsi que les récentes initiatives pour la relance du mouvement populaire pour en finir avec le régime. Une alliance entre discours autonomiste kabyle et aspirations du camp démocrate est-elle possible face au courant conservateur néo-islamiste ou bien s’achemine-t-on davantage vers une collusion militaires/islamistes pour contrer les aspirations à une démocratie participative et laïque dans laquelle disparaîtrait l’islam comme religion de l’État ? La réussite ou l’échec du Hirak semblent passer inévitablement par le dépassement de fractures idéologiques, identitaires et territoriales qui traversent le pays depuis l’indépendance et qui se reflètent aujourd’hui au sein du Hirak.
Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique : entre transmutations d’une insurrection djihadiste et géopolitique évolutive de sa « vengeance de sang »
Authors: Benraad Myriam
Published: March 2021

De longue date, Al-Qaïda au Maghreb islamique (AQMI) a fait de la « vengeance de sang » une signature fondamentale sur les divers théâtres de combat où l’insurrection djihadiste opère. Du Maghreb, où ce mouvement trouve ses origines historiques, jusqu’au Sahel, ses membres n’ont eu de cesse de démultiplier les cycles meurtriers de représailles que ni les interventions étrangères et locales, ni l’élimination méthodique des principaux commandants n’ont permis de tarir. La vengeance de sang a en effet pour caractéristique essentielle d’asseoir solidement la détermination des insurgés, leurs convictions et motivations à en découdre avec l’adversaire, de même que leur identification commune à la cause. Elle éclaire la durabilité de la violence djihadiste et de sa force d’attraction. AQMI n’ayant finalement plus d’autre objectif que le seul horizon d’une vengeance couplée à la désillusion d’être un jour en capacité de s’emparer du pouvoir, le désir vengeur de ses partisans pourrait encore décupler, augurant d’une contagion dramatique de la violence.
Was Brexit really about Europe ?
Authors: O. Morgan Kenneth
Published: March 2021

Much of the debate about Brexit, during the referendum and afterwards, was not obviously about Europe at all. There were perhaps five general themes that shaped the argument : (i) The impact of austerity after the 2008 credit crash, the fall in real wages and welfare cuts. This particularly influenced Labour voters. (ii) Disaffection with the union of the United Kingdom, especially in Scotland.(iii) Discontent with party politics. The traditional two-party polarization and been in decline from the early 1970s. (iv) Immigration. Heavy migration from Eastern Europe from 2004 onwards had an emotional impact in old industrial areas which had little or no immigration at all.(iv) Britain’s post-imperial destiny, especially the decline of its great-power status since 1940. Some dreamed of a Joseph-Chamberlain-type ‘anglophone’ bloc, or reviving Churchillian greatness. But European ‘control’ seemingly blocked the way.Thus Britain’s strengths seemed to lie elsewhere – in its soft power, culturally and intellectually. But this suggested new social division, elitism based not on class but on education. It followed new attacks on established institutions, the constitution, the judges, the BBC, the churches, perhaps in time even the monarchy. The Olympic Games of 2012 inspired internal solidarity, including emphases on British rights of protest and women. That spirit must be revived to regenerate the European idea.
The “Churchill factor” and its influence on the Brexit debateDefining the Churchill myth
Authors: Bonnet Alma-Pierre
Published: March 2021

Winston Churchill is undoubtedly one of the greatest British politicians of all time. His life spans the best part of the 20th century and his influence can still be felt today. Some key Brexit players, such as Nigel Farage, are Churchill admirers. Boris Johnson would even like to be seen as an heir to the great man’s legacy. However, according to Hugo Young, Churchill is at the heart of Britain’s misconception of Europe and of Britain’s delusion about itself. This illusion of grandeur, along with Britain’s misunderstanding of its place in the world, was instrumental in the Brexit result.This paper aims to discuss the way Churchill and his image have shaped Brexit. Churchill’s overbearing shadow, what we might call “the Churchill myth”, seems to have pervaded the Brexit debate as the result of the fateful referendum can be interpreted, in part, as Britain’s inability to come to terms with her glorious past. I will first define the Churchill myth to see that it fitted perfectly with the way Brexiters campaigned in the 2016 referendum. I will then try to understand what might be called “the Churchill factor”, that is, the way Brexiters made the most of the Churchill myth.
Brexit and the Irish border issue : from May’s deal to Johnson’s deal
Authors: Considère-Charon Marie-Claire
Published: March 2021

All along the Brexit negotiations, the Irish border has emerged as the major stumbling block. Before the Irish border issue was eventually ‘solved’, the principle that “nothing is agreed until everything is agreed” meant that the Brexit talks could not move on to the next phase. British and European policymakers were confronted with the challenges of where exactly the post-exit border would lie and how ‘hard’ or ‘soft’ it would be. Within a little less than a year, negociations in Brussels produced two legal documents with different specific arangements on the Irish border.This paper is meant to explore the differences between Theresa May’s brexit deal and Boris Johnson’s deal -containing a revised protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland- and their significance in terms of trade, economiçc choices and international relations.
La saga du Brexit et l’avenir institutionnel de l’Écosse : du référendum sur l’Europe à la perspective d’un Indyref 2
Authors: Leydier Gilles
Published: March 2021

The June 2016 referendum – in which Scotland signaled a clear pro-European choice, contrary to the British norm – has helped to revive and renew the debate on the future of Scotland within the UK. This article analyses the overlap between the two challenges of European integration and the British Union over the period 2016-2020, focusing on the institutional confrontation between the governments of Edinburgh and London and the debates on the political scene and in public opinion. While the contours of the post-Brexit era are still unclear, the Brexit saga has accelerated centrifugal tendencies, redrawn the contours of the pro-independence camp and strengthened the prospect of a new referendum on Scottish independence.
Middle England by Jonathan Coe : a Brexit novel or the politics of emotions
Authors: Zrari Imad
Published: March 2021

Jonathan Coe’s latest novel, Middle England1 (2018), addresses issues such as national identity and the growing role of emotion in British politics. Coe’s novel, which was recently awarded the Costa Prize for being a « perfect »2 Brexit novel, seems to have paved the way for what has been defined as « Brexlit. »3 As a matter of fact, this novel appears to be a means to furthering our understanding of Brexit, giving shape to its causes, its symptoms, and its consequences on British society and national identity. My contention is that British politics is less ideological than performative, based on sensationalism and emotion. Middle England illustrates how Brexit is concerned with emotion, staging the divorce of a British people for whom cohabitation has become increasingly difficult. This new genre, Brexlit, can be read as a means to depict a nation in crisis and to put to the test notions such as the interweaving of the emotional and the political, the definition of satire and engagement, as well as the representations of nostalgia and anger. The latter notion, anger, is reworked as an allegory to express the political within the context of the theoretical debate that claims the end of postmodernism and the advent of metamodernism.4 Once again, Coe shows how he excels at oscillating between tradition and experimentation, a characteristic of metamodernism5. Middle England is a feat of experimentation where Coe centres on British identity and reworking the satirical mode of his earlier works such as What a Carve Up! (1994) or The Closed Circle (2004).
Just Write
Authors: Mitchell LaDessa
Published: March 2021

The writing process as it is widely conceived today is five steps: brainstorming, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing. Perhaps none of these steps is more difficult to begin and to finish as the rough draft. The rough draft, before which the writer stares at the “blank page,” and during which the cartoon image of a writer surrounded by crumpled-up pages is seen, is the critical moment of putting the ink to the paper: the first step of getting it all down. And at this moment of beginning, the writer may suffer more than at any other time the repression or “beat down” of the internal editor, a part of the psyche that always seems to tell the individual that they don't know, they can't do it, and it isn't good enough. For this reason, after getting through the rough draft, a writer may think “it's all down hill from here.” And the writer may be right. To get through this difficult process, this chapter will consider various strategies and development ideas so that the writer can succeed in the rough draft stage.
Putting Your Best Foot Forward
Authors: Flynn Bonnie B.
Published: March 2021

When writing a paper for publication, professional presentation may make the difference between acceptance and rejection. Submitting an essay for a college grade that is free from errors and well organized can change a B paper into an A paper. Effectively proofreading, editing, and revising will assist a writer in turning a “good” paper into an “excellent” one. In addition, it can raise the credibility of the author and maintain his or her professionalism in his or her career. This chapter discusses the revising, editing, and proofreading processes and includes checklists to guide a writer in accomplishing his or her writing goals.
Gaming in Education
Authors: Acevedo Allison LaFalce
Published: March 2021

This chapter addresses student motivation, engagement, and content acquisition through the use of gaming, digital game-based learning, and gamification, as well as clarifying the difference between terms related to gaming that are often mistakenly used interchangeably. The chapter will utilize current literature, explain theories linked to gaming in education, and offer a method for using gaming to impact the future of teaching and learning. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of how the use of gaming for emerging realities and the implementation of gaming during remote learning can be supported. Learning theories such as the theory of gamified learning, the self-determination theory, and the theory of flow demonstrate the link between learning, motivation, and goal-setting, as well as providing a basis for teacher education on the link between theory and the use of gaming in the future of technology in the classroom.
Social Media and the Future of the Instructional Model
Authors: Abdeljaber Soha , Nieves Licwinko Kathryn
Published: March 2021

This chapter provides the latest information on social media and its application in the instructional model. The chapter contains information on how social media enhances learning, especially at times where remote learning is necessary, such as COVID-19. It also includes problems that have been documented in schools as a result of social media. This chapter also presents information about the use of social media for professional development and how teachers are interacting and collaborating using social media.
Teaching Undergraduate STEM Students as Emerging Adults
Authors: D'Abundo Michelle Lee
Published: March 2021

The need to reform science, technology, engineering, or math (STEM) education in the United States has been shown through both industry and educational research. Despite many suggested reform strategies including applied, active learning, most STEM undergraduate education is being delivered in large, lecture-based classrooms. In 2020, the need to deliver STEM undergraduate courses online complicated reform efforts. This chapter is focused on the need to reframe reform efforts to be more focused on designing and delivering STEM online courses to develop emerging adult learners. This would involve moving from the primary mode of pedagogical instruction to andragogical instruction designed to be more inclusive and engaging. This approach would provide opportunities for learners to become more self-regulated in online STEM education with the goal of cultivating self-directed learners that will be retained in STEM programs and ultimately be successful future STEM professionals.
Making Class Time Count
Authors: Shepherd Alice Katherine
Published: March 2021

This case study describes the ‘semi-flipped' redesign of an undergraduate Introductory Management Accounting module with a large cohort, using a newly refurbished ‘collaborative lecture theatre' at a large English research-intensive university. The chapter outlines the affordances of the collaborative lecture theatre and explains how these were used to promote the active application of theories and techniques in small groups during redesigned lecture sessions. The case considers the approach, design, practice, and space, and includes pedagogies readily transferable to other disciplines. The chapter considers the evaluation of the collaborative lecture theatre and the module redesign from staff and student perspectives. It identifies current challenges relating to the topic in the institutional context and concludes with recommendations and solutions for other institutions wishing to reconfigure spaces to promote active learning approaches.
Digital Documents as Data Carriers and a Method of Data Management Guaranteeing the Unambiguity of the Recorded Information
Authors: Zelinski Jaroslaw
Published: March 2021

This study presents a method for the storage of data organized in digital documents, which is proven in practice. The discussed method does not bear any disadvantages of the relational model used for data organization, such as the loss of data context and complications evoked by the lack of data redundancy. The method presented here can be used for data organization into documents (digital and paper) as classified aggregates and for data classification. The study also describes a new metamodel for the data structure which assumes that documents, being data structures, form compact aggregates, classified as objects, or event descriptions, thus always assigning them a specific and unambiguous context. Furthermore, the study presents a design method for documents as context aggregates that allows leveling the disadvantages of the relational model and ensures efficient information management. The work also contains practical examples of the application of the described method.
Transforming Digital Enterprises Towards Web Scale With Machine Learning
Authors: Aamir Tasneem
Published: March 2021

Digital enterprise transformation focuses on alignment of processes, products, services, business models, and technologies to perceive business value. Digital business integration in an organization utilizes information technology and its tools to drive and manage the life cycle of digital enterprise transformation. It utilizes the practices and approaches of IT governance with modern application tools and APIs. The millennium brought many technological advancements over internet technologies and these technologies operate numerous applications and business services. The span of digital enterprises is expanding and continues to grow with their evolution on a web scale. This chapter is an effort to present understanding about machine learning and automation around businesses intelligence and analytics on a web scale. The chapter provides a brief summary of technologies used in digital enterprise transformation for all the domains of an organization.
Cyber Warfare and the “Humanization” of International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Kleemann Steven
Published: March 2021

Cyber warfare is a timely and relevant issue and one of the most controversial in international humanitarian law (IHL). The aim of IHL is to set rules and limits in terms of means and methods of warfare. In this context, a key question arises: Has digital warfare rules or limits, and if so, how are these applicable? Traditional principles, developed over a long period, are facing a new dimension of challenges due to the rise of cyber warfare. This paper argues that to overcome this new issue, it is critical that new humanity-oriented approaches is developed with regard to cyber warfare. The challenge is to establish a legal regime for cyber-attacks, successfully addressing human rights norms and standards. While clarifying this from a legal perspective, the authors can redesign the sensitive equilibrium between humanity and military necessity, weighing the humanitarian aims of IHL and the protection of civilians—in combination with international human rights law and other relevant legal regimes—in a different manner than before.
Detecting Markers of Radicalisation in Social Media Posts
Authors: Neo Loo Seng
Published: March 2021

This study involved the creation of factors and indicators that can detect radicalization in social media posts. A concurrent approach of an expert knowledge acquisition process (modified Delphi technique) and literature review was utilized. Seven Singapore subject-matter experts in the field of terrorism evaluated factors that were collated from six terrorism risk assessment tools (ERG 22+, IVP, TRAP-18, MLG, VERA-2, and Cyber-VERA). They identify those that are of most considerable relevance for detecting radicalization in social media posts. A parallel literature review on online radicalization was conducted to complement the findings from the expert panel. In doing so, 12 factors and their 42 observable indicators were derived. These factors and indicators have the potential to guide the development of cyber-focused screening tools to detect radicalization in social media posts.
Coronavirus as a Rhizome
Authors: Sederholm Teija , Jääskeläinen Petri , Huhtinen Aki-Mauri
Published: March 2021

Disinformation and misinformation about COVID-19 have proliferated, particularly on social media. The purpose of this paper is to show the rhizomic nature of COVID-19-related dis- and misinformation having aspect of conspiracy theories, which are used on social media platforms to counter the official narratives about the origins of the virus. Consisting of 40 news-style articles, the data was used to find out how a conspiracy theory about the virus being a possible man-made bioweapon was presented to the audience. The results indicate that the rhizomatic structure of COVID-19 conspiracy theories makes it possible to vary the narratives based on the platform where it is published and the target audience. Information spreads in unexpected ways, and it is difficult to control or predict the spread of extremist content. This makes it possible for different actors, governments, and organizations to use information for their own purposes as a weapon of information warfare.
Sentiment Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms and Text Mining to Detect Symptoms of Mental Difficulties Over Social Media
Authors: Bouarara Hadj Ahmed
Published: March 2021

A recent British study of people between the ages of 14 and 35 has shown that social media has a negative impact on mental health. The purpose of the paper is to detect people with mental disorders' behavior in social media in order to help Twitter users in overcoming their mental health problems such as anxiety, phobia, depression, paranoia, etc. For this, the author used text mining and machine learning algorithms (naïve Bayes, k-nearest neighbours) to analyse tweets. The obtained results were validated using different evaluation measures such as f-measure, recall, precision, entropy, etc.
Linking Folklore to Agricultural Sustainability Accounting in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Mahmood , Marinova Dora , Todorov Vladislav
Published: March 2021

The Bangladeshi folklore cultural heritage embraces myriad proverbs, adages, sayings, folktales, and folksongs, including the songs of the Baul mystic minstrels. Many are linked to various aspects of agriculture – from tilling to harvest, storage of yields, and consumption. The paper draws on this folklore to develop the concept of traditional sustainability accounting in agriculture. Although without formal quantification, these proverbs and songs guide agricultural practices in rural Bangladesh maintaining a socio-economic system that promotes sustainable activities, counteracts the damage caused by the 1970 Green Revolution, and encourage sustainability accounting. In recent years, Bangladesh has achieved many of the Millennium Development Goals but has also witnessed environmental deterioration. An agro-ecological management informed by folklore and traditional wisdom has the potential to transform the country's progress along the lines of the UN Sustainable Development Goals.