bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence and future of health care-doctors’ perspective: an exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Rani M. Usha , Vemparala Sai Shanmukh
Published: August 2024

Background: This exploratory study investigates the perspectives of medical professionals on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. It focuses on key areas such as diagnostics, drug development, patient care, and medical information management.
Methods: The study utilizes a qualitative survey approach, engaging a diverse group of doctors to understand their views on AI's benefits and limitations. The methodology includes analyzing responses and categorizing them into themes of optimism, skepticism, and the perceived need for a human touch in patient care.
Results: Results indicate a cautiously optimistic view of AI among medical professionals, acknowledging its potential to enhance healthcare efficiency and accuracy. However, the results also highlight concerns about over-reliance on technology, data privacy, and potential biases.
Conclusions: The study concludes that while AI presents significant opportunities for healthcare innovation, its integration demands a balanced approach. This balance is essential for leveraging AI's capabilities while synergizing with the irreplaceable human aspects of medical practice, ensuring patient-centered care, and maintaining the core values of the medical profession.
Functional outcome of anterior bridge plating: a new approach for treating mid shaft humerus fractures
Authors: Laha Sarthak , Gupta Mainak , Hazra Rishov
Published: August 2024

Background: The humerus can be considered the most versatile bone in the human body. Plating can be performed using a classic open approach or minimally invasive methods. Anterior bridge plating with minimally invasive technique in shaft humerus fractures is reported as an acceptable less traumatic and reproducible procedure by several authors. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of anterior bridge plating.
Methods: The study was carried out involving 35 patients who met the selection criteria and were operated at the tertiary care centre. A 4.5 mm Locking Narrow DCP (Dynamic Compression Plate) was used to fix these fractures. The assessment of the patients was done based on functional and radiological outcomes periodically. Four patients were lost to follow-up, so the final assessment was done based on 31 cases.
Results: Of the 31 patients in the study, 23 were males and 8 were females. Twenty three of the thirty-one patients (74.1%) had a history of road traffic accidents. The mean radiological fracture union time was 13.2 weeks (range: 10-16 weeks). Shoulder function was excellent in 26 cases (83.8%) and Elbow function was excellent in 28 cases (90.3%).
Conclusions: Mid shaft humerus fractures can be effectively treated with anterior bridge plating with advantages of shorter fracture union time, smaller scars and lower incidence of iatrogenic radial nerve palsies. It also gave better Functional outcome with good patient satisfaction.
Spectrum of lung, liver and kidney pathology in autopsy cases: a study at a tertiary center
Authors: Borah Karan K. , Thakuria Dipankar , Saikia Projnan , Borsaikia Kusum
Published: August 2024

Background: Autopsy, particularly pathological autopsy, plays a crucial role in understanding the causes of death and disease processes that lead to mortality. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the prevalence, patterns, and etiological factors of lung, liver, and kidney injuries in autopsy cases conducted at Jorhat Medical College and Hospital, Assam, from January 2019 to October 2023.
Methods: A total of 90 cases were included, comprising various causes of death, excluding decomposed bodies and cases primarily due to extensive trauma. Histopathological analysis was conducted on tissue samples collected by forensic experts.
Results: Lung pathology was more common in males, with congestion and inflammation being predominant, possibly attributed to pneumonia and tuberculosis. Liver diseases, predominantly affecting males, showed frequent steatosis and cirrhosis. Notably, Langhans giant cells with necrosis were observed in 4.65% of cases. Renal pathology revealed predominant changes in tubular and interstitial tissue, including hydropic changes, intertubular hemorrhage, congestion, glomerulosclerosis, acute tubular necrosis, pyelonephritis, and malignancy.
Conclusions: The study findings emphasizes the importance of autopsy in elucidating the spectrum of lung, liver, and kidney injuries, providing insights into the demographic associations and underlying etiological factors. These findings have significant implications for understanding disease prevalence, guiding clinical management, and informing public health strategies. Further research focusing on preventive measures and early detection of these pathologies is warranted to mitigate their impact on mortality and morbidity.
Assessment of nutrition status of chronic kidney disease patients “on dialysis” and “not on dialysis”: a diet-based analysis
Authors: Verma Shailvi , Sonkar Satyendra Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background: Nutritional status and micronutrient levels of CKD patients are very critical aspects of their overall health. CKD patients with T2DM face additional challenges in managing their nutritional status. This is because of the correlation between T2DM-related dietary considerations and CKD. CKD patients with T2DM require management of both conditions simultaneously. This needs a careful balance of dietary restrictions and recommendations. Thus, the focus of present research was to assess nutrition status of CKD patients suffering with T2DM on dialysis and not on dialysis.
Methods: Total 80 patients were considered in this research, 40 patients of T2DM related CKD on dialysis and 40 patients of T2DM related CKD not on dialysis. Central tendency tests have been conducted here.
Results: For T2DM CKD patients not on dialysis, vegetarians consumed maximum water followed by eggetarian. Non vegetarians consumed minimum water in comparison to other two. Maximum vegetarians don’t have hypertension, all eggetarians have hypertension, and more than half non vegetarians have hypertension. All vegetarians were males, more than half females were non vegetarians, equal number of males and females were eggetarian.
Conclusions: The type of diet that is vegetarian, non-vegetarian or eggetarian also decides the type and quantity of nutrition being consumed. Thus it is critical to assess the nutrition based on diet type for T2DM CKD patients on dialysis and not on dialysis.
Impact of clinical pharmacist intervention in the treatment of pemphigus with rituximab at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: J. Subadradevi , S. M. Arthi
Published: August 2024

Background: Pemphigus is an autoimmune bullous disease that causes lesions and blisters over skin and mucous membrane. Treatment involves long-term administration of systemic corticosteroids and/or other immunosuppressive agents. Rituximab is a type of monoclonal antibody target specific cells in the body. PDAI score is used to measure the extent of pemphigus. DLQI questionnaire is used to interpret the quality of life. Aim was to evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist intervention in the treatment of pemphigus with rituximab.
Methods: A prospective interventional study was carried out in dermatology department. 40 patients diagnosed with pemphigus were included in the study. The demographic data, lab parameters, PDAI score and DLQI questionnaire were collected before and after infusion and pharmacist intervention. The data were statistically analyzed using paired t-test.
Results: Females represented the majority of the study population. The mean±SD of age was found to be 44.57±12.90. During rituximab administration majority of the patients experienced no adverse events. Notably, hypertension emerged as the most commonly reported adverse effect. Before the intervention, the mean±SD for PDAI was found to be 29±19.78 and DLQI was found to be 9.55±4.32. After the intervention, the mean±SD for PDAI was found to be 24.25±18.13 and DLQI was found to be 7.925±3.99. The values are analyzed using paired t-test and have significance with p value <0.0001.
Conclusions: Clinical pharmacist intervention regarding treatment, disease and life style modification having a significant improvement in patients with pemphigus.
ICU admissions for sepsis: clinical profiles and outcomes in a tertiary care setting, SSG hospital, Vadodara: single-center, descriptive observational study
Authors: Bhudhrani Divyang , Narasimhan Vasuprada , Patel Nachiket M. , Mehta Divya A. , Kumar Amit
Published: August 2024

Background: Sepsis is a critical condition leading to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients admitted with sepsis in ICUs across western India, focusing on mortality rates, length of ICU stay, and factors influencing patient outcomes.
Methods: A single-center, descriptive observational study was conducted using medical records from January 2023 to December 2023. The study included 100 patients diagnosed with sepsis upon ICU admission in, SSG hospital Vadodara. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, comorbidities, severity of sepsis (using sofa scores), treatment interventions, ICU length of stay, and mortality outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to identify predictors of mortality and prolonged ICU stay.
Results: The overall ICU mortality rate among sepsis patients was 32.5%. The median ICU length of stay was 10 days, with a range of 2 to 45 days. Mortality rates were significantly higher in patients with comorbidities such as diabetes (40.2%) and chronic kidney disease (37.8%). The sofa score at admission was a strong predictor of both mortality and prolonged ICU stay. Among the survivors, 65% required mechanical ventilation, and 45% developed acute kidney injury. Early initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy and source control were associated with improved outcomes.
Conclusions: Sepsis in ICU patients in western India is associated with high mortality and significant resource utilization. Early diagnosis and timely management, particularly in patients with high sofa scores and comorbid conditions, are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Is single tract puncture feasible in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn calculus: our experience from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Hiremath Vivekanand , S. K. Pawan Kumar , Huilgol Varun , P. Harish , Reddy Suraj Jayadeva , Chawla Arun , Hegde Padmaraj , Akanchha
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Staghorn calculi are branching stones that usually fill the renal pelvis and branch into a few or all the calices. However, complex caliceal and staghorn stones are difficult to remove with a single-tract PCNL approach. A trend toward the use of percutaneous monotherapy using multiple tracts as the preferred treatment option for most staghorn or complex calculi has emerged.
Methods: The single center observational study was carried out on 51 adult patients having staghorn stone from January 2020 to June 2022 at KMC Manipal. Imaging was done to assess the size of the stones, the anatomical features of the kidney and its function, and to accurately plan the operative approach. PCNL was performed in the prone-position; Postoperatively, patients were monitored determining the efficacy of PCNL, perioperative blood loss, the duration of the operative procedure and hospital stay, and the resulting complications.
Results: 42 Single tracts (82.35%), 09 Multiple tracts (17.64%) PCNL was performed. Stone burden=complete staghorn, 33 (64.70%), Partial staghorn 18 (35.30%). Mean age was 48.65 years. Mean length of stones, 25.28 mm. Number of stone, Single-31 (60.78%), Multiple-20 (39.22%). Mean procedure time 117.28±9.12. 9 patients had bleeding requiring blood transfusion and one patient requiring angioembolization.
Conclusion: PCNL is effective and safe in management of staghorn renal stones.
A cross-sectional study of thyroid dysfunction in patients of chronic kidney disease in Goa medical college
Authors: Managooli Mahesh , Nadekar Prashanth B. , Pauskar Mahendra Manoj
Published: August 2024

Background: Thyroid hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, development, protein synthesis, and other hormone functions. CKD has been linked to changes in the pituitary-thyroid axis and peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 100 subjects from September 2019 to September 2021 in the department of medicine, Goa Medical College, a tertiary care hospital in Goa.
Results: Most of the CKD patients in study population are in the Age group of 41-70 years. 70% were male. 54% patients were diabetic and 46% patients were non diabetic, majority of them 87% patients were hypertensive, majority of them were DM and HTN With 88% and few patients belonged to other diseases. 8% patients with high TSH level, 6% with low TSH level, 86% with normal TSH level. TT4 levels were low in 28% patients and normal in 72% patients, TT3 levels were high in 3% patients, low in 60% and normal in 37% patients. FT4 levels were high in 5% patients and low in 7%, normal in 88% patients. FT3 levels were high in 1% patients, low in 49%, normal in 50% patients. 55% patients belong to euthyroid state and 7% patients belongs to hypothyroid state and 36% patients belong to sick euthyroid state and 2% belongs to subclinical thyrotoxicosis.
Conclusions: Most of the participants in this study were euthyroid. The most common thyroid hormone derangement was low T3 values (non-thyroidal illness). The prevalence of hyperthyroidism in this study was 2% and hypothyroidism 7%.
A rare outcome of myocardial infarction by the development of peri-infarction pericarditis: a case report
Authors: Park Jungwoo , Serajian Asif
Published: August 2024

Peri-infarction pericarditis is a rare complication of myocardial infarction (MI), which can mimic the symptoms of recurrent infarction. In this report, we present the case of a 52-year-old male admitted to the emergency department (ED) with the symptoms of chest pain and hypertension. The patient presented with 10 hours of worsening chest pain. Upon admission to ED, his blood pressure was uncontrolled (165/105). The patient had a normal physical examination. Chest X-ray and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) results were non-significant. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus rhythm and ST elevation in lead II, III, and aVF, indicating acute inferior wall ST-elevation MI (STEMI). An emergency coronary angiogram procedure was performed and the patient was found to have 95% stenosis of the mid portion of the right coronary artery with a thrombus. An intracoronary stent was placed at the location without complications. Subsequently, the patient continued to report 10/10 chest pain. Another emergency coronary angiography procedure was performed and a patent right coronary artery stent was noted. At 36 hours after the procedure, the patient continued to have symptoms, therefore another ECG was performed. A new anterior injury pattern was noted, suggesting acute MI/STEMI and the patient was taken to a third coronary angiography procedure. No new findings were noted with widely patent stent and no evidence for distal embolization. After reviewing all findings, a diagnosis of post-MI pericarditis was made. The patient was started on colchicine and was discharged the following day. On subsequent follow-up, his symptoms improved.
Pattern of anxiety, depression, and suicidality among in-school adolescents in Bauchi, North-East Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Amina , Mohammed Nazeef , Rasaki Aliu , Oyedun Rotimi , Gadzama Bulus N. , Okoh Elizabeth O.
Published: August 2024

Background: Adolescence is a crucial period of development resulting in significant changes in physical appearance, and psychological functioning. Globally, mental health disorders account for 16% of the global burden of disease and injury in adolescents. The study aims to provide baseline information on adolescents' mental health in Bauchi State.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed in this study. Using systematic sampling technique, 672 in-school adolescents aged 10-19 who gave assent/consent were selected. SPSS was used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 15±2.0, more respondents had no or minimal depression (65.0). However, 0.7% were moderately severely depressed. Most respondents (88.7%) had minimal anxiety, while 1.5% and 0.3% had moderate and severe anxiety respectively. Almost one-quarter of the respondents (23.2%) had thought of ending their life in the past month before the survey with up to 4.2% attempting suicide. Adolescents from polygamous settings were up to 70% less likely to attempt suicide compared to those in a monogamous setting and this was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.039 and CI (0.167-0.785). Furthermore, those whose parents were not in a marital union were 2.9 times more likely to attempt suicide compared to those whose parents were still in union and living together. This was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.018 and CI (1.203-7.060).
Conclusions: Early intervention and a multi-pronged public health approach are crucial to safeguard this vulnerable population's mental well-being to enable them to thrive and reach their full potential.
Health status and mental health among elderly in rural, Thailand: a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Prasansri Alongkot , Hachawi Chidchai , Chaiwcharn Tamaporn
Published: August 2024

Background: The transition to an aging society in Thailand over the past several years has had significant impacts across various sectors, include the quality of life for the elderly, health and mental health problems, and the need to expand healthcare services. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the health and mental health status of the elderly in Thai society.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess health status and mental health among elderly rural areas. A total of 158 samples were collected from the district of U Thong, Suphan Buri province during August and September 2023. Data were collected using the Basic Geriatric Screening (BGS), and Thai Mental Health Indicators version 2007 (TMHI-15) questionnaires. The demographic characteristics questionnaire was also applied. Descriptive statistics were utilized for data analysis.
Results: Out of a total of 158 samples, 65.2% were female. The mean age of the participants was 72.2±8.5 years. The prevalence of chronic diseases among the participants was 69.0%. Nutritional status assessment revealed that 57.0% of the participants were overweight or obese based on BMI. Disability data indicated that 10.1% of the participants had hearing impairments, 63.9% had visual impairments, and 71.5% had oral health problems. Overall, 8.2% of the elderly had limitations in activities of daily living, and 19.6% experienced poor mental health.
Conclusions: The result showed that important health problems in elderly were non-communicable diseases, disability, and mental health.
Reasons and types of domestic violence against married women: a community based cross sectional study in urban slums of Pune, India
Authors: Neetu Choudhary  , Murarkar Sujata  Kapil , Deshmukh Rupeshkumar
Published: August 2024

Background: Worldwide, domestic violence against females is common across religion, culture, socio economic class and ethnicity. Objective was to assess reasons and types of domestic violence against married women in urban slums of Pune.
Methods: A community based cross sectional study was undertaken amongst 405 married women above 18 years of age. Chi square test was used to find an association between the different demographic variables with respect to domestic violence. Univariate logistic regression was used to find the Odds ratio between the domestic violence and different risk factors.
Results: Prevalence of domestic violence was 37.28%. Commonest reasons reported for domestic violence was ‘not doing household work properly’ (23.47%). Duration of marriage (p<0.05), total number of children (p<0.05), type of family (p<0.05) and alcohol consumption by husband were significantly associated with domestic violence.
Conclusions: Present study revealed that duration of marriage, total number of children, type of family and alcohol consumption by husband are the factors significantly associated with domestic violence against married women. Sessions on de -addiction and preventing the family from domestic violence arising due to it can be taken.
Effect of mindfulness on exam anxiety among undergraduate dental students: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: M. K. Kavya , R. Rekha , G. Radha
Published: August 2024

Background: Exam anxiety is the primary factor preventing students from achieving their academic goals and is an unpleasant worry-based experience. Where in, Mindfulness helps to uphold consciousness, release oneself from a deeply held connection to ideas, emotions, or sensations, and cultivate a stronger sense of emotional equilibrium and wellbeing. Research indicates, mindfulness education intervention leads to significant reduction in anxiety levels. Hence, the present study aims to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness education intervention on anxiety among undergraduate students.
Methods: A total of 130 Undergraduate students (3rd and 4th year) from the Vokkalighara Sangha Dental College was included in the study. A spielberger anxiety Test Scale (SATS) was used to assess the anxiety level. Mindfulness attention awareness scale (MAAS) was used to assess the stress among the participants
Results: Descriptive statistics was performed to assess the frequencies of responses to the questionnaire items. Statistical analysis to find out the association between the effectiveness of mindfulness education intervention on anxiety. Comparison of change in mindfulness (MAAS) scores among study participants at baseline were 29.30±4.89 and after the intervention was 79.76±2.68 and self-evaluated anxiety (SATS) scores at baseline was 66.03±2.17 and after the intervention was 29.11±2.94, the mean difference in Anxiety scores and Mindfulness scores was statistically significant (p≤0.001)
Conclusions: Findings prove that meditation has a positive result in reducing anxiety level among study participants and helps students to improve their concentration and memory power, but students fail to practice at regular intervals due to time constraints.
Assessment of the epidemiological risk factors of diabetic and hypertensive patients amongst the adult population
Authors: K. B. Suryananth , J. S. Meena  , Manju Toppo  , Devendra Gour
Published: August 2024

Background: 93 lakh people in India are undergoing diabetes and hypertension medication. It is true that the most important modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes and hypertension today are poor diet, cigarette smoking, and insufficient exercise. NCD-related deaths worldwide will increase by 17% by 2025, costing $47 trillion in lost productivity between 2011 and 2030.
Methods: 300 diabetics, hypertensive and diabetic with hypertensive patients were selected from 8 urban wards and 8 rural panchayats of Bhopal by multi-stage random sampling. A semi-structured, pretested and validated questionnaire derived from WHO-STEPS survey was used to collect data in terms of socio-demographic variables, behavioural risk factors measurement and physical measurements. Mean and standard deviations were calculated for quantitative data, frequency and proportions were calculated for qualitative data. Chi-square value was calculated and p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was 46.55±2.17 years. DBP found to be 3% more than 39% of males have systolic BP ≥140 mm of Hg. 33.6% fall under obese-I category. Current tobacco smokers, current alcohol consumption, heavy alcohol use, salt intake >5 gm/day, BMI ≥30 (obese-II) was significantly associated with hypertension.
Conclusions: The study’s findings indicate that the alarmingly high occurrence of risk factors for diabetes and hypertension among adults need immediate attention. This indicates the need for an extensive screening and awareness campaign to identify undetected cases in the community and to offer early treatment and continuous follow-up to prevent consequences.
Managing dental and skeletal development in patients with hemifacial microsomia
Authors: Alshehri Ghadeer Z. , Almusharraf Sakinah M. , Almutairi Hajer H. , Alshammari Ebtehal L.
Published: August 2024

Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital condition characterized by the underdevelopment of one side of the face, impacting the ear, mouth, and jaw areas. This anomaly, second only to cleft lip and palate in prevalence, presents significant challenges in dental and skeletal development. Early diagnosis, primarily through advanced imaging techniques such as 3D computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is crucial for identifying the extent of anomalies and planning effective interventions. The condition involves complex dental issues including malocclusion, missing teeth, and delayed dental eruption, necessitating early and targeted orthodontic treatments. Functional appliances, space maintainers, and braces are commonly used to guide dental arch development and correct alignment, leveraging the natural growth phase of the patient. Surgical interventions play a pivotal role in managing severe skeletal deformities. Preventive strategies, including regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene practices, and preventive treatments such as fluoride applications and dental sealants, are vital in minimizing complications and ensuring long-term oral health. Educating patients and their families on the importance of oral hygiene and routine dental care is crucial for maintaining dental health and preventing future issues. Continuous monitoring and follow-ups allow for timely adjustments to treatment plans, enhancing the effectiveness of interventions and supporting optimal growth and development. Overall, the management of dental and skeletal anomalies in hemifacial microsomia involves a combination of early diagnosis, orthodontic and surgical treatments, and preventive care, all of which are integral to improving outcomes and quality of life for affected individuals.
Implementing safety standards in radiographic practices: challenges and solutions
Authors: Rowili Mohammed Ghabel Al , Otaibi Bander Fayhan Al , Mufarrih Teflah Ali Al , Zhrani Khalid Mousa Al , Sadiq Rehanna K. Al , Gharrash Mariam Ahmed Al , Asiri Eman Ahmad Al
Published: August 2024

Ensuring the safety of patients and healthcare workers in radiographic practices is a critical concern in modern healthcare. The use of ionizing radiation, while invaluable for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, carries inherent risks that necessitate stringent safety standards. Despite advances in technology and regulatory frameworks, the consistent implementation of these safety standards remains a challenge across various healthcare settings. The discussion addresses the complexities of navigating diverse regulatory environments, where enforcement and adherence to safety guidelines can vary significantly. These inconsistencies are particularly pronounced in low-resource regions, where limited access to modern radiographic equipment and inadequate training further exacerbate the risks of radiation exposure. Technological advancements in radiography, such as digital radiography, dose-reduction software, and advanced imaging modalities, offer significant benefits in terms of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. However, they also introduce new challenges in maintaining up-to-date safety protocols. The rapid pace of innovation often outstrips the ability of regulatory bodies to update guidelines, leading to gaps in safety practices. Additionally, the effectiveness of these technologies depends heavily on proper usage and understanding by radiographic professionals, highlighting the need for continuous education and training. A strong safety culture within radiographic practices is essential for minimizing radiation risks. Leadership commitment, ongoing education, effective communication, and the empowerment of radiographic professionals are critical components of this culture. When these elements are in place, they foster an environment where safety is prioritized, and all staff members are actively engaged in maintaining and improving safety standards. The multifaceted approach required to enhance radiographic safety underscores the importance of harmonizing regulatory efforts, investing in modern technologies, and cultivating a safety-first mindset among healthcare professionals. These efforts collectively contribute to the safe and effective use of radiographic technology, ultimately protecting both patients and healthcare workers from unnecessary radiation exposure.
Effectiveness of stannous fluoride in treating gingivitis: a literature review
Authors: Alhossan Abdulaziz , Alsomali Raed , Alanazi Abdulkarim , Alotaibi Naif
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study was to investigate and evaluate the existing research studies on stannous fluoride (SnF2) dentifrices to answer the question of whether they are effective in enhancing oral health and reducing gingival inflammation. The study utilized a systematic approach, including a comprehensive literature search for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies. Inclusion criteria focused on SnF2 dentifrices' effects on periodontal health in individuals with gingivitis. The reviewed studies consistently demonstrated that dentifrices containing SnF2 were more effective than both negative and positive controls in improving periodontal health. The findings support the potential of SnF2 dentifrices as a promising option for enhancing oral health and reducing gingival inflammation. Further well-designed randomized trials are needed to strengthen the evidence base and provide comprehensive support for the efficacy of SnF2 dentifrices in improving oral health.
Tecnologias sociais aplicadas à educação: contribuições de uma analise conjuntural e local
Authors: Moreira Alexandre Pedro , De Santana Ribeiro Luiz Carlos , Alvarenga Samia Mercado
Published: August 2024

As Tecnologias Sociais (TS) fundam-se em conhecimento popular, criatividade e na disponibilidade de recursos da localidade qual emerge. As TS possuem objetivos explícitos de melhoria da qualidade de vida, inclusão social e empoderamento das parcelas menos favorecidas da população. Esta pesquisa discute os efeitos das TS no comportamento humano, daqueles que com elas interagem. Frente ao exposto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a contribuição das TS na educação especificamente, verificar as TS implantadas por uma instituição em estudantes de uma cidade no interior do Estado de Sergipe. Para tanto recorre a uma abordagem qualitativa com caráter exploratório mediante o emprego de uma revisão documental e bibliográfica. Os principais resultados reforçam a relevância da TS como expressão de dissolução alternativa ao que vem sendo entregado a sociedade pelos formatos hegemonicamente consolidados.
Diário reflexivo: processo inicial de escrita de duas mentoras iniciantes
Authors: Gestoso de Souza Ana Paula , Os Santos Pinheiro Tarciana , Francine Ferreira da Silva Jéssica
Published: August 2024

Objetivou-se identificar e caracterizar os níveis de reflexão expressados no processo inicial de escrita de diários reflexivos de duas professoras experientes, ao longo do primeiro ano de atuação como mentoras em um Programa de Mentoria. Adotamos as narrativas escritas como instrumento de pesquisa. Os dados revelaram que o processo de escrita envolveu, principalmente, elementos advindos de experiências profissionais e formativas anteriores à prática de mentoria. Ainda, embora não haja uma sequência em ‘níveis hierárquicos’ nos processos reflexivos concernentes à escrita dos diários, as narrativas de caráter reflexivo crítico se evidenciam em torno de conhecimentos específicos das áreas de formação e atuação docente das mentoras, na construção de significados para a prática na mentoria.
Sustainable catalytic pathways for biofuel precursors: quantitative conversion of glucose to gluconic acid using Pt-Zn biochar catalyst
Authors: Hao Hengyu , Guo Haixin , Chen Bingkun , Smith Jr Richard Lee , Feng Shen
Published: August 2024

Achieving quantitative conversion of biomass-derived feedstocks under ambient environmental conditions (20°C, atmospheric air, 0.1 MPa) is a critical milestone for sustainability in chemical processes. Herein, the quantitative conversion of glucose to gluconic acid was accomplished under ambient environmental conditions without any additives using a Pt-Zn intermetallic nanoparticle-supported biochar catalyst prepared from raw rice straw (Pt-Zn/strawC) via a straightforward one-pot solvothermal reaction with ethylene glycol solvent. Spectroscopic analyses verified the formation of the Pt-Zn intermetallic alloy and confirmed strong electronic metal-support interactions. The Pt-Zn/strawC catalyst (Pt:Zn molar ratio of 1:6) was highly selective for the conversion of glucose to gluconic acid, whereas yields as high as 99.9% (98.9% gluconic acid, 1.0% glucaric acid) were reached at 20 oC under base-free and additive-free conditions. Isotope measurements and density functional theory revealed synergistic interactions in the Pt-Zn alloy, wherein the alloy tended to absorb glucose and active O2 into superoxide radical (O2·). This work demonstrates a chemocatalytic method that is practical for environmental conditions and provides a new avenue for sustainable conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to chemical products.
Beyond tradition: charting a greener future for cassava starch industry using multi-criteria decision-making
Authors: Ravichandran Varshini , Kumar Deepak , Mani Sivakumar , Rajendran Karthik
Published: August 2024

Cassava, a staple food crop, is widely used for starch production, but its inconsistent supply, price volatility, and substantial waste generation pose challenges to the cassava industrial market's growth. This study aims to identify a sustainable biorefinery pathway by optimizing conventional cassava starch plants (business-as-usual, BAU) for economic and environmental benefits. Four scenarios were evaluated: animal feed from peel waste (Scenario 1), fungal protein from thippi waste (Scenario 2), fish feed from digested wastewater (Scenario 3), and conversion of all waste streams into animal feed, fish feed, and fungal protein (Scenario 4). Scenario 4 emerged as the best pathway using the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, with a performance score of 0.282. Despite the highest energy consumption (18.91 MWh), Scenario 4 was favored for producing four value-added products alongside starch, yielding the highest profit at USD 8.85 million. In contrast, profits for BAU, Scenario 1, Scenario 2, and Scenario 3 were 1.91, 2.30, 5.01, and USD 8.79 million, respectively. Waste valorization in Scenarios 1, 2, 3, and 4 resulted in CO2 avoidance of 36.5., 42.6., 21.7, and 57.45 t CO2eq., respectively. However, producing value-added products increased energy consumption by 13, 73, 7, and 74% compared to BAU (4.58 MWh). The global warming potential analysis showed negative values for scenarios 2 and 4, at -436 and -434 kg CO2eq./t root, respectively. This study highlights the potential of a biorefinery approach for sustainable cassava starch production, providing insights for future research and policy development.
Corporate environmental reporting components and return on capital employed growth of the Nigerian listed manufacturing companies: An empirical analysis
Authors: Soetan Timothy Adisa , Worimegbe Powel Maxwell , Makinde Olubisi Grace , Akintola Abolade Francis , Adeoye Solomon Olusegun
Published: August 2024

This study explored the impact of corporate environmental reporting components on the growth of the return on capital employed in Nigerian listed manufacturing firms. The study adopted an ex post facto research design. 39 manufacturing businesses listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange provided secondary data over the research period (2010-2109). The multiple regression statistical approach was used to analyse the data. This study made use of a quantitative research strategy. While environmental non-financial information did not show any significant influence on the return on capital employed growth of identified manufacturing organisations in Nigeria, results showed that environmental financial and performance information had a significant and beneficial impact. However, the data demonstrated that the integration of all aspects of corporate environmental reporting positively and statistically significantly influenced ROCE growth in Nigeria’s listed manufacturing businesses. A future study could expand the population of the study to include non-manufacturing companies in other industries. The implication of these results is that the manufacturing companies in Nigeria need to pay more attention to environmental, financial, and environmental performance information to enhance their return on capital employed growth. The writers were unable to locate any prior research that demonstrated this connection. Additionally, corporate environmental reporting components impact the growth of return on capital employed in listed manufacturing businesses in Nigeria, and this research provides new and significant findings in this area.
Impact of mindfulness dimensions on work engagement among white-collar employees during the new normal in Malaysia
Authors: Qing Soh Ze , Singh Jugindar Singh Kartar , Wern Wong Huey
Published: August 2024

This study examines the impact of mindfulness dimensions on work engagement among white-collar employees during the new normal in Malaysia. Employees today feel disengaged from their company in an environment where productivity and performance are critical. Research has indicated that elevated mindfulness levels have positive effects on the workplace and are a strong indicator of employee engagement. Previous studies have not thoroughly examined the impact of various facets of mindfulness on employee work engagement following the pandemic. This study investigated the impact of the four dimensions of mindfulness on employee engagement. This study was based on positivist philosophy and a deductive approach. Data for this quantitative study came from 227 employees in Malaysia's private sector who were employed in white-collar jobs. We gathered the primary data using a survey strategy and a self-administered questionnaire. The study's findings demonstrate a positive and significant relationship between work engagement and the four dimensions of mindfulness. More specifically, work engagement was most impacted by the mindfulness acceptance dimension, followed by the mindfulness awareness dimension. The study provided implications for both employers and employees regarding organizational programs aimed at enhancing mindfulness and work engagement, particularly in light of emerging work trends like remote work culture. This study expanded on the understanding of mindfulness at work for future researchers by looking at how mindfulness affects work engagement for white-collar workers and provided fresh insights, such as the greatest influence of the mindfulness-acceptance dimension.
Effect of Innovation Processes on the Financial Growth of Small Scale Businesses in Custom Market, Juba-South Sudan
Authors: Omwenga Ogeto Malach , David Achiro Gladys Jada
Published: August 2024

Innovation refers to the introduction of new products, services, processes, or ideas in conducting businesses. It encompasses both technological advancements and non-technological improvements, such as organizational changes or novel marketing strategies. The main aim of this study was to assess the overall effect of innovation processes on the performance and growth of small-scale businesses in Custom market. The study adapted a descriptive survey design, by quantitative approaches to enrich the understanding of the phenomenon under study. The study adopted; descriptive Statistics; Mean, Percentages, Frequencies, Standard deviation and Inferential Statistics; Correlation analysis to determine the relationships, ANOVA to test the model fitness, and Regression analysis to test the effect of independent variables on the dependent. The research findings stated that, ideas development had a weak positive insignificant relationship with and financial growth. Idea development had no statistical effect on financial growth. It also revealed that based on idea selection had a strong positive significant relationship with financial growth. The findings also indicated Idea implementation had a weak positive insignificant relationship with financial growth and it had no statistical effect on financial growth. It was recommended that business idea development should be done by in-depth exploration of passion, skills and keen observation to identify market gaps and opportunities thus improving financial growth. There is also need for a study to identify customers’ satisfaction factors that can be improved through innovation processes by the small scale businesses in Custom market, Juba South Sudan.
Corporate-Community Synergy: Empowering Traditional Essential Oil Production in Wayame Village, Ambon City
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Shandi Agung , Husna Khansa Nur , Latelay Victoriko A. R.
Published: August 2024

This article examines the collaboration between PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Integrated Terminal Wayame (IT Wayame) and the traditional community of essential oil distillers, Bunga Tani, in Wayame village, Ambon City, Maluku Province. The study uses the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method to analyze how corporate involvement can transform traditional production methods, improve product quality, and create new market opportunities for rural communities. Through a five-year empowerment program, IT Wayame provided critical support, including the introduction of modern machinery, construction of permanent production facilities, and assistance with legal certifications, which enabled Bunga Tani to meet broader market demands. The partnership resulted in a 35% increase in production capacity and income within the first year, demonstrating the potential of business-community synergy to promote economic growth while preserving cultural heritage. This case study highlights the effectiveness of a bottom-up approach to community empowerment, ensuring that development initiatives are aligned with local needs and potential, ultimately contributing to sustainable economic development in rural areas.
Determinants of rural households’ food security status in South Africa: lessons from covid-19 social relief grant recipients in NIDS-CRAM wave 5
Authors:   University of Fort Hare, Takawira K , Mushunje A ,   University of Fort Hare, Olawuyi SO ,   University of Fort Hare
Published: August 2024

The world experienced an unprecedented health shock (COVID-19) which caught everyone by surprise, and destabilized many sectors, especially the agri-food sector. This unpleasant situation caused upset in the food production and distribution chain, and continues to threaten the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 2 which underscores zero hunger in society. Many people in South Africa were disproportionately affected with severe consequences on their livelihood activities, food security status, health status, and general welfare conditions; and as a result, social relief intervention was put in place or expanded. This study examined the factors influencing rural households’ food security status among the recipients of social relief grants in rural areas of South Africa. The study used a secondary dataset from Wave 5 of National Income Dynamics Study - Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM). The research applied descriptive statistics to describe the respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, and pattern of income flow. Food Insecurity Access Scale was employed to investigate the respondents’ food security status, while multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the determinants of food security. The results showed that the majority of the respondents were black (99%), female-headed (54.15%), dwelling in flats (74.01%), with secondary education (88.6%), and heavily dependent on government grants (58.61%). Also, most households were food secure (71.69%) during the pandemic. Moreover, households headed by men were more food secure (62.84%) compared to the ones headed by the female counterparts (37.08). Multinomial regression estimates revealed that formal education (p<0.1), employment status (p<0.05), dwelling type (p<0.01), as well as household size (p<0.01) significantly determined rural households’ food security status. The study concluded that social relief grants significantly reduced the food insecurity situation among the rural households in South Africa, and recommended that the government should ensure the continuation of the social relief of distress grant to the vulnerable people who are mostly domiciled in the rural areas, especially women who are disproportionately affected by these health shocks. Key words: Covid-19, social grant, rural households, food security, South Africa
The Future of Art Museums: Reflections on a Young Audience
Authors: Kisiel Przemysław
Published: August 2024

Art museums in Poland have been undergoing a very profound transformation over the last decades and have been transformed from institution based on the concept of the object-centered museum to the institution based on the concepts of the client-centered museum and the community-centered museum. This direction of the transformation seems to be very rational and completely justified, as the functions that museum institutions can fulfil are highly dependent on visitor interest. However, these changes may not be fully successful, because art museums have very little interest from young adults, who are a very important segment of the cultural audience, as the future of museum institutions will depend on them. The aim of this article is to analyse – based on the results of a qualitative study carried out – the way in which young adults perceive the institutions of art museums and to identify those directions of change that could cause them to become more attractive. The conclusions formulated based on the study make it possible to define the directions of the desired transformations, and their implementation may induce young adults to take a greater interest in the cultural offer proposed by museums.
Możliwości wykorzystania crowdsourcingu naukowego do operacjonalizacji problemu badawczego w badaniach nad szkolnictwem wyższym
Authors: Antonowicz Dominik , Lenart-Gansiniec Regina , Sułkowski Łukasz
Published: August 2024

Operacjonalizacja problemu badawczego stanowi konstytutywny etap procesu realizacji każdego badania naukowego. Jednak jej przeprowadzenie jest dla badacza wyzwaniem, wymaga bowiem dobrej, pełnej i aktualnej znajomości analizowanej problematyki. Dlatego też coraz częściej zachęca się badaczy do poszukiwania sposobów czy postępowań, dzięki którym możliwe jest doprecyzowanie i zrozumienie w sposób wieloaspektowy zjawisk, które mogą stać się przedmiotem badań empirycznych. W szczególności nabiera to znaczenia w kontekście badań nad szkolnictwem wyższym, które wymagają podejścia jakościowego. Crowdsourcing naukowy wszedł w fazę popularyzacji i wydaje się obiecujący w kontekście operacjonalizacji problemu badawczego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie propozycji wykorzystania crowdsourcingu naukowego jako pomocniczego (uzupełniającego) postępowania na etapie operacjonalizacji problemu badawczego oraz zastanowienie się nad jego skutecznością w kontekście badań nad szkolnictwem wyższym.