bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of Japanese-English and English-Japanese parallel corpus, including search system and its utilisation
Authors: Nishina Yasunori
Published: January 2024

Parallel corpora play a central role in translation studies, contrastive linguistics, bilingual lexicography and language teaching/learning, facilitating the comparison of linguistic features across languages. But it is challenging to construct a parallel corpus and there are few
of them. Also, they can quickly become outdated and unusable. Professor Yasunori Nishina, Faculty of Global Communication, Kobe Gakuin University, Japan, is an expert in applied translation, corpus linguistics and applied linguistics working to develop a website for searching Japanese-English
and English-Japanese parallel corpora. He is revitalising an existing unusable, unsearchable corpus with assistance from Lago NLP. He has a keen focus on design as he wants to ensure diversity of genres and translation directions and, in a world first, is incorporating the ability to analyse
parallel corpora. The tool that Nishina and Lago NLP are developing with support from the JSPS KAKENHI grant number 20K00692 (and 23K00599 from 2023) is called Parallel Link. Nishina will also collaborate with a researcher at the University of Oxford, UK, where experts who developed the Japanese
corpus online search tool are based. The University has established a collaborative relationship with the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL), which is the centre for Japanese language research, and has carried out joint projects of the Oxford NINJAL Corpus of
Old Japanese (ONCOJ). Nishina has completed the development of version 1.20 of Parallel Link and intends to develop it to version 2.0 in the coming years.
Interdisciplinary studies on the evolution of senior high school English education in postwar Taiwan and the relevance to Japan's system
Authors: Hirai Seiko
Published: January 2024

In recent years in Japan, there has been an urgent need to develop logical, critical thinking, and communication skills in Japanese English education. While there has long been considerable research on Japan’s English language education system and that of other East Asian nations,
there has been less information available on the English education system in Taiwan. Despite similarities between the English education systems in Japan and Taiwan, there is less data on the Taiwanese system, which makes it difficult to draw comparisons between the two. This is the research
focus of Professor Seiko Hirai, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan. Hirai is interested in English education, with a particular focus on Taiwan, and her research also explores cognitive perspectives of bilingualism. Hirai has been investigating the English education
situation in Taiwan, with a focus on Taiwanese English textbooks. Hirai's findings indicate that, as demonstrated by the Taiwanese English education situation, it is possible to develop communicative skills in tandem with critical thinking skills and that these are not mutually exclusive.
Her studies also suggest that literature materials used in Taiwanese English textbooks are useful for developing these skills, and for deepening the level and type of intellectual exposure to English in its many forms. There is some consensus in the literature that acquiring reading and writing
abilities in one language helps with the acquisition of reading and writing abilities in other languages and that this could possibly also improve higher thinking processes. Hirai's research on the cognitive perspectives of bilingualism is ongoing but she is eager to promote
the improvement of communicative-based language development learning in Japanese school environments. She intends to collaborate with other researchers to explore how to improve Japanese English textbooks by using knowledge gained from her research on the Taiwanese system as well as research
on other East Asian nations.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF INCIDENCE, SEVERITY, AND RELATION OF SORE THROAT AFTER ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION AT DIFFERENT CUFF PRESSURES
Authors: Kundra Tanveer Singh , Berry Deepak
Published: January 2024

Objective: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the incidence, severity, and relation of sore throat after endotracheal intubation at different cuff pressures. The secondary objective of the present study was to evaluate whether regular monitoring of cuff pressure has any additional advantage during surgical procedures.
Methods: Study design – A prospective, comparative, and randomized study. Group A – 25 female patients of age 20–35 where cuff pressure was kept at 15 cm H2O. Group B – 25 female patients of age 20–35 where cuff pressure was kept at 20 cm H2O. Group C – 25 female patients of age 20–35 where cuff pressure was kept at 25 cm H2O. Group D – 25 female patients of age 20–35 where cuff pressure was kept at 30 cm H2O. The patient was visited at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h following extubation and enquired about the incidence of sore throat.
Results: The incidence and severity of sore throat ranged from as low as 16% in group A to as high as 60% in group D at 24 h. Groups B and C showed incidences of 28% and 40%, respectively. The incidence of sore throat was found to be 12% in group A to as high as 40% in group D at 48 h postoperatively, which was further decreased to just one patient with a scratchy feeling in group A and three patients in group D at 72 h with incidence ranging from 4% to 12% only.
Conclusion: As the cuff pressure goes on increasing, the incidence and severity of sore throat also increase, and cuff pressure should be monitored and regulated continuously. Moreover, the cuff pressure should not exceed 25 cm of H2O to minimize post-operative sore throat.
A STUDY ON ACCEPTANCE AND COMPLIANCE OF DEPOT MEDROXY PROGESTERONE ACETATE FOR POST-PARTUM CONTRACEPTION IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Roy Sudev , Patra Sangita , CHALKRABARTY Somajita
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Our aim was to determine the proportion of women accepting injection depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) for postpartum contraception, its incidence of side effects, and discontinuation rates reasons for attrition.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at a tertiary care hospital for 1 year. All eligible women were given a choice of contraceptive options after proper counseling for postpartum patients at the time of discharge and at 6 weeks, thereafter, and post-abortion patients immediately after MTP. A specially designed modified pro forma from the DMPA reference manual was used to collect the data of women attending the hospital.
Result: A total of 240 women were included in the study. Most of the women (51.67%) were in the reproductive age group, 46.67% of women had 2 or more children, and most of the women (70.41%) were not used any family planning method earlier. The largest proportion of women (81.25%) were in the postpartum period. Irregular bleeding/spotting (39.08%) was the most common side effect. A larger portion of the women (36.5%) discontinued the injections due to side effects.
Conclusion: It should be available as a first-line method to all who wish to opt for reversible methods of contraceptive.
STUDY ON DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESSFUL OUTCOME IN ICSI PREGNANCIES IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Vijayan Devika , Nalligounder Prema , Mohan Reji , Balakrishnan Sheila
Published: January 2024

Objectives: A descriptive study was done at the government medical college in Thiruvananthapuram to find out the determinants of the successful outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies.
Methods: The study was done on 60 ART-conceived patients who underwent ICSI and became positive for pregnancy during 1 year. Their pregnancy was followed up, and data was collected in a structured proforma about determinants of successful outcomes.
Results: Out of 60 in vitro fertilization (IVF)-conceived subjects (n=60), the maximum age group (40%) that underwent IVF treatment was between 31 and 35 years old, and they belonged to an upper-lower socio-economic status. 45% of patients had a normal body mass index, 46.7% were overweight, and 8.3% were obese. 73.3% were nulliparas.78.3% had primary infertility, and 21.1% had secondary infertility. The prevalence of male infertility was 6.7%, and female infertility was 81.7%. 81.1% had regular menstrual cycles. 8.3% of patients had medical disorders, and 48% of patients had previous surgeries like polypectomy, polycystic ovarian drilling, and laparoscopy for endometriosis. 71.7% were given the GnRH antagonist stimulation protocol for 8–12 days, and 11–15 eggs were obtained in 66.7% of the patients. 91.7% of frozen embryos were transferred.
Conclusion: The success of an ICSI pregnancy is determined by the younger age of the female partner, female factor infertility, antagonist stimulation protocol, and the transfer of a frozen embryo.
LITHOTRIPTIC AND ANTI-LITHOGENIC EFFECT OF TILA-DHATRI KSHARA ALONG WITH GOKSHURA KASHAYA IN ETHYLENE GLYCOL-INDUCED NEPHROLITHIASIS IN ADULT MALE CHARLES FOSTER RATS
Authors: Vijai Neethu , Singh Lakshman , Kumar Lalit
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Thirty-five adult Charles Foster rats were taken in the study to assess the lithotriptic and anti-lithogenic activity of the Trial drug.
Methods: Thirty-five were divided into seven groups of five animals each. One group was kept as normal control; one group was given ethylene glycol 0.75% alone for 28 days. In the next three groups, Trial drug, kshara with distilled water, and the Standard drug were given, respectively, for 28 days after induction of calculi using ethylene glycol. In the next two groups, to assess the anti-lithogenic activity, simultaneously stone inducing agents and trial/standard drugs were given for 28 days. At the end, blood, urine, and histopathology of rat kidneys were done.
Results: Tila-Dhatri kshara with Gokshura Kashaya and standard drug, Potassium Magnesium Citrate B6 showed equal lithotriptic and anti-lithogenic activity as depicted from blood, urine biochemistry, urine microscopy, and histopathology of rat kidneys. Trial drug-treated group showed more diuresis than other groups. Furthermore, serum LDH values were significantly reduced in trial drug-treated group.
Conclusion: The trial drug showed significant nephroprotective property when compared to the standard drug as depicted from the serum LDH values and histopathological evaluations.
VITAMIN C AS AN ADD ON SUPPLEMENTATION TO STANDARD ANTITUBERCULAR TREATMENT IMPROVES SPUTUM SMEAR CONVERSION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED DRUG SENSITIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Patel Mrugank , Sinha Anita , Mistry Jeenal , Vadgama Parul , Rathod Khushbu , Patel Bhargavi
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of Vitamin C along with standard anti-tubercular (anti-TB) drugs on the sputum smear conversion in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients.
Methods: This was a prospective, observational study in which 49 newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients were given oral vitamin C supplementation along with standard anti-TB treatment during the intensive phase (2 months) of the treatment. An examination of the sputum smear at the end of the intensive phase of anti-tubercular treatment was done. At the end of the intensive phase, a comparison was done between the results of the sputum smear examination of the study population and the TB patients of the general population from the same locality who were receiving only standard anti-TB treatment and not add on Vitamin C supplementation.
Results: The comparison between the results of the study population (sputum conversion–100%) with those of the general population (sputum conversion–92.47%) shows a significant difference between both populations with p<0.05 (p=0.041).
Conclusion: This study showed that Vitamin C supplementation as an add-on therapy to the existing standard anti-TB treatment improves sputum smear conversion and decreases disease activity to a greater extent than routine standard anti-TB treatment alone.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS IN INDORE DISTRICT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Authors: Rathore Deepika , Pandey Dhruvendra , Gupta Mahesh , Sinha Umesh
Published: January 2024

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge of skilled birth attendants (SBAs) in providing antenatal care, intranatal care, management of complications, and postnatal care.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at primary and secondary level of health-care delivery centers of Indore district in Madhya Pradesh. Health centers were selected by simple random sampling. SBA-trained health personnel were selected from the study health centers and their knowledge was assessed through pre-designed, semistructured questionnaire prepared from “Trainers manual for training of SBA” of MOHFW.
Result: A total of 80 trained SBAs were selected from the study health centers. Knowledge regarding postnatal care was highest (88.5%) followed by knowledge regarding antenatal care (86.8) and intranatal care (82.3%). Knowledge regarding the management of complications was lowest (75.8%). Overall, average % of knowledge regarding various subtopics among Medical Officer/AYUSH Medical Officer was 88.5%, followed by staff nurse (SN) was 85.5, lady health visitor (LHV) was 83.4%, and auxiliary nurse midwife (ANM) was 76.1%. Average % in the management of complications was lowest among LHVs (61.9%) and ANM (66.3%). A significant difference was observed between SNs and ANM with regard to intranatal care (p=0.011) and management of complications (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Knowledge of SBA was highest in postnatal care followed by antenatal and intranatal care and lowest in management of complications. Among the different categories of SBA, knowledge with regard to intranatal care and management of complications was better in SNs than ANMs.
PREPARATION AND IN-VITRO ESTIMATION FOR GASTRORETENTIVE FLOATING HOLLOW – MICROSPHERES OF FAMOTIDINE
Authors: NEHA SINGH  , SHIVAKUMAR HN  , AVICHAL KUMAR
Published: January 2024

Objective: The present study’s objectives were to prepare and evaluate gastroretentive floating hollow-microspheres (HM) of the selected Famotidine (FM) to enhance its retention time within the stomach.
Methods: HM was prepared by solvent emulsion diffusion technique utilizing various polymers such as ethyl cellulose, eudragit L100, eudragit S100 as polymers, and Dichloromethane and methanol as solvents. The formulated HM was estimated for their particle-size, entrapment efficiency, floating ability, scanning electron microscopy, and in vitro drug release of drug.
Results: The average particle-size of the formulated HM was within the range of 262.3±3.5 to 323.1±2.1μm. The SEM confirmed the smooth surface, sphere shape, and hollow cavity within it. The formulated microspheres showed good floating behavior for up to 8 h because of their low particle size. The invitro release profile of the HM displayed a controlled-release of FM microspheres in pH1.2 for up to 8 h.
Conclusion: The result depicts that the formulated HM of FM by virtue of good floating time and sustained release properties is likely to improve the retention time within the stomach and thereby the oral bioavailability.
COMMON ORAL HEALTH ISSUES AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN WESTERN TAMIL NADU, INDIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: SRINIVASAN SRIRAM BALAJI , GM SHARAVANAN , ELANGO VIDHYA , SHANMUGAM JEEVITHAN
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Oral health is a pivotal and underestimated domain, especially among the various facets of our health. From the wear and tear accumulated over decades of use to the interplay of chronic health conditions and medications, the elderly population faces a distinct set of oral health concerns that demand careful attention and proactive management. Understanding the complex relationship between oral health and aging is essential, not only for promoting healthy smiles but also for safeguarding the overall well-being and quality of life of older adults. To address this concern, we conducted a study to identify the common oral health problems for the elderly attending a tertiary care hospital in Western Tamil Nadu, India.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 384 elderly adults and senior citizens who attended the Dentistry Outpatient Department (OPD) of a tertiary care center in Coimbatore, Western Tamil Nadu, India. A structured questionnaire was used to collect disease information and demographic data.
Results: When assessed for common oral health conditions, 61.4% had periodontal diseases, 65% had dental caries, 13.8% had oral mucosal lesions, 55.5% had sensitive teeth, 13.3% had dry mouth, and 48.6% had edentulism.
Conclusion: The data presented in the present study explains the significance of various dental conditions among the study population. It reinforces the imperative of providing comprehensive oral healthcare and prioritizing preventive measures. Taking proactive steps to address these dental concerns, including scheduling regular dental check-ups, instilling proper oral hygiene practices, and intervening early when necessary is paramount in fostering ideal oral health and overall well-being among older adults.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF PSYCHOSIS AND PERSONALITY PROFILE IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER
Authors: MADAVI PRIYA , SOMANI ABHISHEK , VERMA PRAVIN , SAOJI ANAND
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The objectives of the study are (1) to study personality profile in patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and (2) to study incidence of psychosis in patients with AUD.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the department of psychiatry of a tertiary care medical college. 70 patients presenting with a history of alcohol intake underwent diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for AUD were enrolled in the study on the basis of pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Post a 2-week detoxification period, psychiatric symptoms encompassing depression, anxiety, hallucinations, and unusual behavior were assessed using the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), while personality profiles were evaluated with the NEO Personality Inventory-3. Alcohol dependence levels were measured using the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire.
Results: There were 60 (85.71%) males and 10 (14.29%) females. There was a significant male preponderance in studied cases with M:F ratio of 1:0.16. Highest number of patients, i.e., 63 (90%) patients were married, followed by 4 (5.71%) patients were unmarried and 3 (4.29%) patients were divorced. Among 70 studied cases, 5 (7.14%) patients were found to have some or the other degree of psychotic symptoms. There was a significant correlation between being unskilled worker and having low literacy or low income and AUD (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant association between severity of AUD and education (p=0.70), occupation (p=0.94), income (p=0.84), and family history of alcohol consumption (p=0.58). Participants have mild severity shown low to average score on neuroticism, average scores on extraversion, very low to low scores on openness, high to very high scores on agreeableness, and high to very high scores on conscientiousness.
Conclusion: We found a significant correlation of AUD with increasing age, male gender, early alcohol initiation, and prolonged dependence. Lower education and unskilled occupations were also linked to AUD. Personality trait analysis revealed distinct patterns based on the severity of physical dependency.
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ANTERIOR INFERIOR ILIAC SPINE IN A SAMPLE OF HEMIPELVIS FROM SOUTH INDIAN POPULATION
Authors: B Arunprasath , S Saravanan
Published: January 2024

Objective: Abnormal morphology of anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) contributing to repeated femoroacetabular impingement, leading to functional limitation at the hip joint and chronic groin pain has been reported recently. The present study examines the prevalence of the morphologically different AIIS in south Indian population.
Methods: This was an observational and cross-sectional study conducted by analyzing dry hemipelvises of South Indian population at the Department of Anatomy of a tertiary care teaching hospital between July 2022 and June 2023. The specimens were analyzed independently by first and second authors, to determine the prevalence of different morphologies of AIIS based on Morales-Avalos classification. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed.
Results: A total of 150 hemipelvises were analyzed. Type 2A was observed in 46.42% (n=65/140). Abnormal morphology was seen more on the left side hemipelvises (41.42%, n=58/140).
Conclusions: Type 2A of AIIS was more prevalent in South Indian population and more prevalent on the left side hemipelvis. Demonstrating the different morphologies of AIIS helps in understanding their role in subspine hip impingement.
PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF COMPLETE ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT DISLOCATION REPAIR BY DOUBLE ENDOBUTTON METHOD
Authors: Mohanty Rashmiranjan , JENA ARPITA
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Double-endobutton technique offers a better treatment for dislocation when compared to conventional method for the acromioclavicular (AC) joint disturbance treatment. Hence, we have planned to assess the experimental outcomes of complete AC joint dislocation through double endobutton method.
Methods: Thirty subjects among 20–68 years with a complete AC joint dislocation were studied. Diagnosis has been made by radiograph of both clavicle anteroposterior stress view and all subjects were subjected to Double Endobutton practice. Outcome was assessed using visual analog score, disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, coracoclavicular, and constant shoulder score.
Results: Among 30 subjects, male subjects were found to be 18 subjects with 34.43±7.65 years as the mean age between them. There was a substantial decrease in VAS score and DASH score from pre-operative to post-operative. A substantial development in the subjective shoulder value (28.4% vs. 98.12%; p=0.001) and Constant–Murley score (32.43% vs. 96.76%; p=0.005) from pre-operative to post-operative was observed with the subjects. At final follow-up, 28 patients showed excellent outcome and fair outcome in two patients. Further, no subjects were reported with any additional difficulties.
Conclusion: This practice offers a modest, affordable, single-stretch surgical procedure that re-establishes coraco-clavicular interval and sustains until the native ligaments rebuild. This technique also demonstrates to be an outstanding alternate modal in rectifying whole AC joint dislocation.
COMPARISON AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SINGLE-BUNDLE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION ALONE WITH LATERAL EXTRA-ARTICULAR TENODESIS AS AN ADJUNCT TO ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENTRE CONSTRUCTION IN ANTEROLATERAL INSTABILITY
Authors: RAJA RAMESH BADAVATH  , LALITH MOHAN C  , CHANDRA SHEKHAR P  , JOSHI VINAY KUMAR EJ
Published: January 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the functional outcome of ACLR alone, with patients who underwent ACLR with LET.ACL injuries rarely occur in isolation, and associated meniscal, chondral, and ligamentous lesions all influence the outcome of treatment
Materials and methods: This prospective study conducted in 30 patients with ACL deficient knee with high grade pivot (grade-II &grade-III) Skeletally mature to 56 years of age ,  2 or more of: competitive pivoting sport, Chronic ACL insufficiency, Revision ACLR and Generalized ligament laxity - Beighton score of 4 greater.
Results: A total of 30 patients were evaluated in this study.15 cases were operated for ACLR and 15 cases for ACLR + LET. Most of the patients were in the age group of 21-30 with all male gender indicating ACL injuries are common in young males with history of road traffic accident (63.33%) at the time of injury. The mean operating time in our study (also the total tourniquet time) was 110 minutes (range 100 - 130 minutes). Instability was controlled well in ACLR + LET group .Two patients in ACLR+LET group have complained of instability episodes. Preoperatively, Grade 2 pivot shift was observed in 80% in control and 33.33% in other group. Grade 3 pivot shift on examination was found in 20% in control group and 66.66% in experimental group. Post-surgery patients who received ACLR alone had Grade 1 pivot in 60% , Grade 2 in 33.33% and Grade 3 in 6.67%. Combined group (ACLR+LET) had grade 1 in 33.33, Grade 2 in 60% and Grade 3 pivot in 66.66%. Regarding preoperative IKDC scores, patients treated with ACLR alone had 26.66% below 45, 40% between 45-55, 6.66% in 60-70,70-80 and in patients treated with both ACLR+LET had 6.66% in 40-50, 20% in 50-60,46.66% in 60-70, 26.66% in 70-80 before surgery. Post-surgery, patients in both groups had excellent scores (90-100 IKDC score).
Conclusions: The combination of LET and intra-articular ACLR is effective in eliminating the high-grade pivot-shift phenomenon. Adding a lateral extra-articular tenodesis can improve patient outcome without the need for future revision ACL surgery and its obligatory intense postoperative rehabilitation, in moderately active patients.
ANTIOBESITY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CASSIA AURICULATA IN HIGH FAT DIET INDUCED OBESE RATS
Authors: Garg Ankur , Singh Randhir
Published: January 2024

Objective: The present work was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Cassia auriculata leaves extract in high fat diet induced obesity in rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were divided into orlistat standard, Normal control, HFD control & test groups (6 animals per group). All treatments were given orally, started after 6 weeks feeding with HFD (except normal control group) and continued for six weeks along with HFD. Weight gain, feed intake, BMI, Waist Hip Ratio, obesity index, lipid profile, blood glucose and body fat depots content were the parameters evaluated.Results: The ethanolic extract of Cassia auriculata leaves at 200 and 400 mg/kg/orally (from the end of 6th week up to 12thweeks) showed reduction in weight gain, feed intake (GM) feed intake (k/Cal) BMI, WHRatio, obesity index and significant decrease in serum glucose, Triglyceride, Total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and increase in HDL level, and also significantly decreased body fat depots and oxidative stress when compared to high fat diet control group.Conclusion: It can be concluded that ethanolic Cassia auriculata leaves extracts exhibit significant anti obesity activity against high fat diet induced obesity model. We are reporting the anti obesity activity of the leaves, first time.Â
Morpho-pathological and genomics-based identification of the Aspergillus species infecting pomegranate with nano- driven solution
Authors: Khan Suleman , Khalid Bareerah
Published: January 2024

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is the dominant fruit for the tropical and sub-tropical area that belongs to the family Punicsceae. It has been cultivated throughout the world and drier parts of southern Asia. Good source of carbohydrates and minerals. Among post-harvest fungal pathogens attacked on pomegranate, Aspergillus niger is common store fungus that causes black mold disease. It mainly attacks in the flowering stage and early fruit developing during rainy seasons without any external symptoms. Disease samples were collected from different local markets of Faisalabad. Infection of fungus was done from the infected part of the pomegranate using artificial media. The fungus was identified on a morphological basis then Koch postulates were followed to confirm pathogenicity. The proved pathogen was determined by molecular characterization. DNA extraction and PCR have done of fungus. Antifungal potential of silver nanoparticles against Aspergillus niger were performed in three different concentration 50ppm, 100ppm and 150 ppm and compared with control The data were collected on the 3rd, 5th and 7th day of the fungal growth in which the 150ppm concentration was very affected than other concentrations. Keywords: Pomegranate, postharvest disease Aspergillus niger, nanoparticles.
Mycovirus: Biocontrol agent against S. sclerotiorum of Rapeseed
Authors: Umer Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Plant disease control is one of the essential aspects of food production Use of pesticide causes severe damage to our environment and have terrible effects on human health. It has been observed that the abundance use of pesticides also disturbs natural populations of various beneficial insects. Now environmental pollution has become a global problem, and due to the negative effect of chemical control, we must focus on new methods to control plant diseases, and the best of them is to use biological control method; this method includes the use of various beneficial microorganism having the potential to control plant diseases. Viruses that infect fungi are called as mycoviruses, and some of them could confer hypovirulence and thus have the capacity to control fungal diseases. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a widespread ascomycete fungus, can attack more than 450 plant species and subspecies. It causes stem rot on rapeseed and leads to substantial economic loss each year. Previously, several hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have been identified from S. sclerotiorum, suggesting that this fungus could host various mycoviruses. Keywords: Biological control, Hypovirulence, Mycovirus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, RNA-seq, virus transmission
DNA barcoding of an endangered plant species, salvadora oleoides
Authors: Ali Sadia , Babar Maria
Published: January 2024

Salvadora oleoides Decne is an endangered plant species. This species is important as the plant is used for multiple purposes. Natives use the plants for their medicinal needs in treating rheumatic pains and coughs, and many others. This species is threatened by over-exploitation and deforestation or illegal logging, as well as its very slow growth rate, so the accurate identification of this species is important. Knowledge about threats or even distribution is limited, making identifying species more difficult. Therefore, this research aimed at DNA barcoding of endangered species Salvadora oleoides to assess their potential at the meaningful taxonomic level. This study aims to amplify the rbcL and matK genes in Salvadora oleoides collected from the different regions of Pakistan. The plant DNA isolation was carried out by the CTAB method. PCR analysis was performed, which showed amplification of both rbcL and matK regions. The amplified products were purified and sent for sequencing. The results revealed a 100% sequencing rate for rbcL; however, the matK amplified product was not sequenced due to the high heterozygosity in this region, which might result in polymerase slippage during the Sanger sequencing method. The rbcL sequence was checked for homology by BLASTn and then submitted to NCBI for GenBank accession. The accession number assigned to Salvadora oleoides was OP046316 for rbcL. Keywords: DNA Barcoding, Medicinal Plants, matk, rbcl, BLAST, Species Identification.
A Comparative Study in the Management of Fistula in ANO
Authors: Puniya Dr. Manfool
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Background- Fistula in ano is an abnormally communication between rectum or anal canal to skin around the anus. Fistula in ano is mostly seen after an anorectal abscess. According to Ayurveda “bhagandra” is formed after “guda pidika”. The principle of management of fistula are eradication of infected anal crypt and fistulous track and preserved function of sphincter. Methods- this is a randomized comparative study 30 case of fistula in ano presenting at opd of national resource center of kshar sutra in sir suderlal hospital institute of medical science Banaras Hindu university. from 15 patients were treated with IFTAK and 15 patients were treated with modified LIFT.
Grillage Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder Deck Superstructure for NH-16 Bridge Flyover; Part-1
Authors: Gollapudi Phani Ram
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The bridge superstructure flyover built on National Highway route 16 (NH-16) near Benz circle in Vijayawada to act as grade separated highway for vehicles to cross over National Highway route 65 (NH-65) is made of precast and post-tensioned concrete girders. This article is the first part of the two phase study that focuses on the structural analyses of concrete bridge girders. The bridge girders are analyzed for vehicular loads considered as per Indian Roads Congress Specifications. The IRC Class of loads of 70R and Class A and their wheel load configurations are discussed. The bridge girders along with deck are modeled as grillage girder-slab members in Staad Pro analysis software. The bending moments and shear forces are computed for each of the IRC vehicular load configurations and the envelope forces for governing load configuration are presented for each of the girders. Finally, the article summarizes the maximum flexural and shear demands on the bridge girders. The pros and cons of grillage analysis modeling for prestressed girders and the alternate superior options for precise but quick modeling are also recommended.
A Review on Calculating Carbon Footprint of an Educational Institute
Authors: Chauhan Nidhi , Sharma Sanjay Kumar
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Carbon footprint is the carbon emitted from various greenhouse gases during any activity within or outside its operational boundary. Presently various building operations are contributing significantly towards the carbon footprint. Various commercial and public buildings are thus under observations for such calculations. Educational institutes around the world have gained special popularity in the direction of calculating the carbon footprint, as these have huge potential towards fulfilling the goal of sustainable planet. In this study, the prime focus is on reviewing various methodology adopted to find out these carbon emissions
Producing Lactobacillus plantarum Dry Starter using Rice Bran Matrix
Authors: Nurhasna Aprilia , Meryandini Anja , Candra Sunarti Titi
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Starter Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) merupakan kultur BAL instan yang telah dipreparasi untuk menginisiasi produksi asam laktat dalam proses fermentasi. Pembuatan starter BAL membutuhkan media alternatif sebagai pengganti media MRS yang memakan banyak biaya bila digunakan untuk produksi industri. Untuk melindungi sel, diperlukan matriks enkapsulan yang berfungsi memberi sekat bagi sel bakteri terhadap proses pengeringan yang dapat merusak sel dan diperlukan media yang baik dan mampu menjadi matriks enkapsulasi dalam pembuatan starter BAL kering. Bakteri Lactobacillus plantarum NHC6 adalah bakteri asam laktat yang memiliki potnsi untuk dikembangkan. Metode: pembuatan matriks enkapsulasi menggunakan bekatul. Media bekatul terdiri atas bekatul 10% (b/v) yang ditambahkan glukosa 5% (b/v) dan amonium sulfat 1% (b/v). Sebanyak 10% (b/v) kultur L. plantarum NHC6 yang telah berada di fase log akhir diinokulasikan dalam media bekatul. Starter cair kemudian diinkubasi kembali selama 14 jam pada suhu 37°C. Setelah itu dilakukan proses pengeringan dengan alat spray dryer pada suhu inlet 170°C. Hasil: Jumlah sel hidup dalam starter bekatul berkurang setelah proses spray drying. Penyimpanan starter pada suhu 28°C dan 4°C memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda secara signifikan. Kesimpulan: Matriks bekatul mampu menjadi agen enkapsulasi dan mampu melindungi sel L. plantarum NHC6 dari suhu tinggi selama proses pengeringan metode spray drying dalam pembuatan starter kering.
Development of Electronic Module with Project based Learning
Authors: Fadhilah Nurul , Thahir Rahmatia
Published: January 2024

Background: Educators in the 21st century are faced with the demand to integrate technology into the learning process. One example is by using an electronic module (e-module). The electronic module is an innovative learning media presented digitally, including text, images, and video. This study aims to develop a valid and practical e-module based on project-based learning. Methods: The research and development (R&D) method was used in this study by adopting the Alessi & Trollip development model. Alessi & Trollip's model has three stages: planning, design, and development. Results: The results of e-module validation based on content experts show a value of 4.39 with a very valid category, and the percentage of validator assessment is 87.71%, which means that e-module is in the very feasible category. The media expert validator's assessment was 4.48, which means it is in the very valid category. The presentation of the validator's assessment was 89.58%, meaning that the e-module is suitable for use in the learning process. Student response to e-module based on project-based learning was 4.35 and categorized as very good. The percentage of student interest in the e-module is 86.90%. This value indicates that the e-module based on project-based learning meets the criteria of practicality and is feasible for students to use in the learning process. Conclusions: The e-module based on project-based learning developed in this study shows valid validity and practicality, So the e-module is appropriate for use in the learning process. The use of e-modules based on project-based learning also has the potential to increase students' critical thinking skills.
Development of E-module ESD Context Based on Flipped Classroom on Self-Awareness of Junior High School Students
Authors: Purnawati Sri , Suhendar Suhendar , Ratnasari Jujun
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Untuk menghadapi pembangunan berkelanjutan perlu dibekalkan kompetensi kesadaran diri pada peserta didik. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) dalam pendidikan adalah pendukung dari tujuan SDgS yang dapat mewujudkan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan e-module konteks ESD berbasis flipped classroom terhadap kesadaran diri peserta didik SMP. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengembangan (Research and Development) diintegrasikan dengan model penelitian ADDIE, yang memiliki tahapan (1) (Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Development, (4) Implementation, (5) Evaluation. Subjek yang diteliti yaitu 18 orang peserta didik kelas VIII SMPN 1 Sukabumi. Instrumennya berupa lembar penilaian atau lembar validasi ahli materi, media, dan bahasa, lembar penilaian berupa pretest dan posttest, lembar skala sikap, serta lembar tanggapan untuk mengetahui efektivitas e-module dan kompetensi kesadaran diri pada peserta didik. Hasil: Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil sebagai berikut (1) Tingkat kevalidan produk menurut validasi dari ketiga ahli yaitu materi, media, dan bahasa menyatakan sangat valid berada pada rata-rata persentase 91,3%, (2) Hasil pengujian efektivitas produk berada pada rentang nilai N-gain 0,62 yaitu sedang, (3) Skala sikap yang digunakan untuk mengukur kompetensi kesadaran diri berada pada rata-rata persentase 86,2% yaitu sangat baik, serta (4) Tanggapan peserta didik menunjukan rata-rata persentase 93,63% pada kategori sangat valid. Kesimpulan: Pengembangan e-module konteks ESD berbasis flipped classroom layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dan dapat melatihkan kompetensi kesadaran diri pada peserta didik SMP.
Keywords: Pengembangan E-module; Konteks ESD; Kompetensi Kesadaran Diri.
Distribution and Diversity of Macroalgae in Seagrass and Coral Reef Ecosystems on the Coast
Authors: Mayakun Karel , Prathep Sutthawan
Published: January 2024

Background: The existence of macroalgae is threatened by various kinds of community activities, such as dumping garbage and household waste on the beach and fishing activities using boats that damage macroalgae habitat. This study aims to determine the distribution and diversity of macroalgae species in seagrass ecosystems and coral reefs on the coast in Samui Island, Surat Thani Province, Thailand. Methods: Data collection was carried out using the quadratic linear transect method. The transects used are 5 pieces with a square measuring 1x1 meter, as many as 10 pieces, and are supported by measurements of various physical parameters of aquatic clams. Results: There are 12 types of macroalgae found on the coast, of which 5 species are in seagrass ecosystems, and 7 are on coral reefs. The distribution of macroalgae in seagrass ecosystems is by attaching to sand and mud substrates, while on coral reefs, macroalgae are attached and stuck to coral rocks on reef flats. The value of macroalgae species diversity in seagrass ecosystems is low (1,381), while coral reefs are classified as medium (2,806). The value of overall macroalgae species diversity on the coast is low (2,093). The condition of physicochemical factors of waters in the form of temperature (29.20C), current strength (23.8 cm / second), depth (124 cm), and salinity of seawater (32.9 ppt) is still in a good range for macroalgae growth, while the acidity (pH) of seawater (6.07) is in a range that is not good for macroalgae growth. Conclusions: The value of macroalgae species diversity in seagrass ecosystems is low, while coral reef ecosystems on the coast are classified as medium.
Skrining Bakteri Lipolitik dari Tanah Pemakaman
Authors: Mandiri Listy Hasti , Rahayu Triastuti , Tyasyuti Erma Musbita , Sidiq Yasir
Published: January 2024

Latar Belakang: Pemakaman merupakan tempat penguburan jenazah sehingga terjadi penguraian jenazah secara aktif. Salah satu bakteri pengurai yang mungkin ditemukan adalah bakteri lipolitik karena tubuh manusia mengandung 21,33-32,51 % lipid. Eksplorasi bakteri lipolitik dari kuburan di Indonesia belum ditemukan sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan. Penelitian non-eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk memilih dan mengidentifikasi isolat bakteri lipolitik yang berasal dari Makam Pracimaloyo Surakarta. Metode: Sebanyak 36 isolat bakteri dipilih aktivitas lipolitiknya menggunakan media tributirin. Indeks lipolitik menentukan aktivitas lipolitik. Identifikasi bakteri lipolitik berdasarkan morfologi kolonial dan pewarnaan Gram. Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan 22,2% (8 isolat) menunjukkan lipolitik positif, dengan nilai indeks lipolitik (LI) terbesar sebesar 2,5 (isolat P36). Koloni bakteri berbentuk lingkaran, tepinya utuh, elevasinya rata, dan berwarna kuning atau putih. Hasil pewarnaan Gram menunjukkan bahwa yang diisolasi merupakan kelompok bakteri Gram negatif berbentuk kokus. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh isolat bakteri dari makam Pracimaloyo yang mempunyai potensi aktivitas lipolitik, kemungkinan besar berasal dari genera Pseudomonas dan Klebsiella.
Aktivitas Keluar Sarang Heterotrigona itama Cockerell. (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponinae) di Taman Hutan Raya Pocut Merah Intan, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Suwarno Suwarno , Akbar Novrizal , Rizki Alia , Siregar Zuriana
Published: January 2024

Background: Penelitian dilakukan di kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Pocut Meurah Intan (Tahura PMI) bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas keluar sarang lebah pekerja Heterotrigona itama serta hubungannya dengan faktor fisik lingkungan seperti suhu, kelembapan dan intensitas cahaya. Metode: Aktivitas H. itama diamati sejak pukul 06.00 hingga 18.00 WIB. Lebah yang keluar sarang dihitung dengan menggunakan penghitungan manual untuk menentukan jumlah individu yang keluar sarang selama 10 menit setiap jam. Pengamatan aktivitas keluar sarang terdiri dari aktivitas mencari makan, membuang sampah, dan drone yang menjaga sarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, puncak aktivitas keluar sarang H. itama terjadi pada pukul 09.00 – 10.00 WIB dan 13.30 – 14.30 WIB. Hasil: Aktivitas mencari makan merupakan aktivitas keluar sarang tertinggi. Hubungan faktor intensitas cahaya dengan aktivitas keluar sarang mencari makan tergolong sedang (R2 = 0.651), sementara suhu dan kelembapan tergolong lemah (R2 = 0.052 dan 0.091). Aktivitas keluar sarang membuang sampah memiliki hubungan yang tergolong sedang dengan intensitas cahaya (R2 = 0.439) dibandingkan dengan faktor suhu (R2 = 0.253) dan kelembapan (R2 = 0.296). Selanjutnya, faktor fisik intensitas cahaya (R2 = 0.6217) memiliki hubungan yang lebih besar dengan aktivitas drone keluar sarang dibandingkan faktor suhu (R2 = 0.4385) dan kelembapan (R2 = 0.4063). Aktivitas keluar sarang berkorelasi positif dengan suhu dan intensitas cahaya, dan berkorelasi negative dengan kelembapan. Kesimpulan: Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan intensitas cahaya memiliki pengaruh terbesar terhadap aktivitas keluar sarang kelulut.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Perawatan Jenazah Sesuai Tarjih Muhammadiyah Melalui Media Video
Authors: Ru'iya Sutipyo , Masduki Yusron , Hopid Abdul
Published: January 2024

Background: Merawat jenazah adalah fardu kifayah, artinya jika dilakukan oleh satu orang maka kewajibannya menjadi tanggungan semua orang. Di beberapa daerah, perawatan jenazah hanya dilakukan oleh para lansia. Sedangkan remaja sangat jarang berpartisipasi dalam pelaksanaan perawatan tubuh. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam merawat jenazah sesuai dengan ajaran Nabi, khususnya yang tercantum dalam Himpunan Tarjih Muhammadiyah. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pelatihan perawatan jenazah remaja di Dusun Ploso, Wonolelo, Pleret, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Metode: Mitra pengabdiannya adalah Karang Taruna Ploso Wonolelo Pleret Bantul. Jumlah peserta adalah 38 pemuda dan pemudi. Metode pelatihan berupa gathering dan menonton video bersama, dilanjutkan dengan diskusi dan praktik perawatan tubuh. Hasil: Kegiatan berjalan dengan sangat baik, dan para peserta mengikuti dengan seksama dan sangat antusias. Dari hasil wawancara dengan peserta setelah pelaksanaan, mereka merasa lebih percaya diri untuk melakukan perawatan jenazah, karena memiliki pengalaman langsung praktik perawatan jenazah. Terjadi peningkatan kemampuan dan keterampilan merawat jenazah peserta. Kesimpulan: para peserta merasa percaya diri melakukan perawatan jenazah, karena mereka telah mencoba langsung melalui media yang disiapkan dalam pengabdian ini.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia dan Sosialisasi Perpajakan Pada Pelaku UMKM
Authors: Ristiyana Rida , Trianto Eko
Published: January 2024

Background: The increase in the quantity of MSME business actors must be proportional to the rise in quality. The quality of human resources and tax understanding of MSME business actors in Tangerang Regency is still lacking. This service aims to improve the quality of human resources and knowledge of taxation in MSME actors in Tangerang Regency. Method: The socialization activity involved 34 participants with offline implementation. They are located in Saung Topi Bambu ICHE, Jambe, Tangerang Regency. Implementation methods include the preparatory, implementation, evaluation, and reporting stages. Results: The socialization results showed increased knowledge and understanding of MSME actors in Tangerang Regency related to the quality of human resources and taxes by 11.15%. This means that this socialization can contribute to business actors. Of the 34 participants, only two people did not pass the answer; the rest passed. Conclusion: This post-socialization is expected to increase the potential of business actors to become innovative, creative human resources and develop their businesses in a more advanced and extensive direction. In addition, it is hoped that the awareness and compliance of taxpayers of business actors can continue to be improved and become obedient taxpayers in fulfilling their tax obligations so that tax revenue can be optimal.