bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redefining Risk on a Global Scale
Authors: Comfort Louise K.
Published: January 2020

This introductory chapter outlines seismic risk as a global policy problem. Seismic risk presents a great challenge in developed countries, not only for the nations in which they occur, but also for disruption of the interconnected global trade, transportation, communications, and financial networks that sustain the world's growing populations. For example, the megacities of Tokyo, Istanbul, Jakarta, Mumbai, Mexico City, and Los Angeles are each exposed to significant seismic risk. Their respective metropolitan regions now encompass tens of millions of residents and serve as centers of government, commerce, communications, finance, and transportation in their respective nations. The interdependence of these operational networks in a globally connected world means that if any one of these megacities experiences a major earthquake, the losses would not only affect the immediate population, but also seriously disrupt vital transactions on a worldwide scale. The chapter then considers the concept of shared risk. While interdependence among global infrastructure and organizational systems creates cumulative risk for the global metasystem, this same interdependence creates opportunities for the redesign of interconnected operations to reduce expanding risk.
The Logic of Resilience
Authors: Comfort Louise K.
Published: January 2020

This concluding chapter presents a conceptual model for adaptation, learning, and resilience in addressing the global problem of seismic risk and outlines a series of next steps for continuing the cumulative inquiry essential to managing seismic risk. To withstand shocks, a system needs to integrate internal components that perform key functions in an altered disaster environment as it interacts simultaneously with external actors to solicit needed resources to achieve the overall system goal of maintaining continuity of operations. Throughout this analysis, the organizations that engage in disaster operations have been identified by two key characteristics: jurisdiction of legal authority and source of funding. Funding and jurisdictional authority are essential to build collaborative action in rapidly changing environments, but these attributes almost always require adaptation from daily, routine tasks that are specified to meet explicit standards of accountability and control. Coherence reveals the extent to which organizations with diverse characteristics of funding and jurisdictional authority are integrated within the operational system, enabling the system to adapt its performance to sudden disruptions of routine procedures and provide an effective response to the external shock of a major earthquake.
An Equivocal Smile
Authors: Ossa-Richardson Anthony
Published: January 2020

This chapter traces the flattening of Friedrich Schlegel's new notion of irony into a useful philological tool—dramatic irony—by German and English scholars in the nineteenth century, a process made possible by a new attention to double meanings in Greek tragedy. The result is a kind of ambiguity that is both artificial for the playwright and inspired for the characters onstage. The audience's privileged capacity to resolve the ‘constitutively ambiguous nature of Greek tragedy’ would later provide a powerful model for Roland Barthes's notion of the ‘death of the author’, inspired by the work of the classicist Jean-Pierre Vernant. Nevertheless, dramatic irony originally meant something quite different, hinging not on the audience at all, but on the playwright. The chapter then explains how this change came about.
Introduction A Company of Two Armies
Authors: Ossa-Richardson Anthony
Published: January 2020

This introductory chapter provides an overview of ambiguity. Doubt and plurality, or plenty, are the twin poles of ambiguity. In language, doubt and plenty are intimately joined in the act of interpretation. The perception of plenty in a word, in a line, in a poem, makes one doubt which meaning is the right one; conversely, it is when one doubts the meaning of a text that one might assert the existence of plenty in it. Such a reciprocity is prominent in the book now most closely associated with the topic, William Empson's Seven Types of Ambiguity (1930), with its claim, supported by a litany of ingenious close readings, that ambiguity is intrinsic to poetry and not a fault but a virtue. What Empson meant by ambiguity should not be taken for granted. His infamous definition is ‘any verbal nuance, however slight, which gives room for alternative reactions to the same piece of language’. The chapter then briefly sketches the fortunes of Empson's ambiguity as a critical concept, so as to define and illustrate the broader questions and problems explored over the rest of the book.
Introduction
Authors: Terpstra Taco
Published: January 2020

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the economic development of the ancient Mediterranean. From ca. 700 BCE onward, state formation began to have a positive influence on economic activities. A practical reason why that might have been the case readily comes to mind: states provided a transportation infrastructure, aiding traders in their mercantile endeavors. Indeed, rulers decided on the creation of Mediterranean harbors, including some of the largest and most famous ones. Apart from facilitating overseas shipping, the construction of harbors had a stimulating economic effect by integrating public and private monetary flows. Thus, the book studies the economic role of states, focusing on two central tenets. First, state formation and consolidation had an aggregate positive effect on the economy of the ancient Mediterranean, starting in the Late Iron Age and peaking sometime in the Roman imperial period. Second, one should not ascribe that effect to ancient states acting as third-party enforcers of private property rights.
Civic Order and Contract Enforcement
Authors: Terpstra Taco
Published: January 2020

This chapter looks at contract enforcement and transaction costs under the Roman Empire. The unification of the Mediterranean Basin by a single state ameliorated economic conditions in practical ways: monetary and metrological systems were standardized, removing costly barriers to trade. Legal rules were standardized as well, which held the potential for an even greater transaction-cost-reducing effect. However, without third-party enforcement, private means still had to be employed to enforce contracts. It is therefore not immediately clear why transacting parties would adopt the Roman legal system. The chapter then argues that contracts drawn up in accordance with imperial law and in the presence of witnesses were “publicly embedded,” which increased their enforceability and reduced enforcement costs. Indeed, this enforcement-enhancing effect was an “emergent property,” the result of legal, social, and ideological factors interacting in an undesigned and unintended fashion.
The Power of Mutual Understanding
Authors: Miller-Davenport Sarah
Published: January 2020

This chapter investigates how the idealistic imaginings of America's newest state were institutionalized through an effort to establish Hawaiʻi as a center for global educational exchange. Hawaiʻi statehood arrived at a moment when the United States was increasingly going beyond its borders to draw foreign peoples into its orbit. The East-West Center and the Peace Corps both enlisted Hawaiʻi in this effort by designating it as an ideal site for fostering mutual understanding, as a place where foreigners could be trained in American economic and cultural practices and where foreign ways could be demystified for Americans. These efforts would in turn win over people from the decolonizing world, whose racial and cultural differences were seen as obstacles to be conquered in the service of modernization. The ideas on intercultural communications developed at the East-West Center and the Peace Corps would eventually be taken up more broadly, notably by the military in its campaign to secure the allegiance of South Vietnamese peasants.
Delicious Adventures and Multicolored Pantsuits
Authors: Miller-Davenport Sarah
Published: January 2020

This chapter asks why white, middle-class American women were so fascinated with all things Hawaiʻi in the two decades after statehood. It also looks at why Hawaiʻi's export market linked racial and ethnic boundary-crossing with women's self-fulfillment. The mainland marketing of Hawaiʻi offered a virtual version of the kinds of cross-cultural exchange taking place in Hawaiʻi itself, urging ordinary mainland women to envision themselves as liberated, globe-trotting cosmopolitans. Cookbooks and apparel manufacturers suggested that the acts of eating Hawaiian food and wearing clothes produced in Hawaiʻi could catalyze a new, more relaxed, racially enlightened worldview. Yet the mainland consumption of Hawaiʻi was also made possible by the expansion of racially segregated suburban developments, where racial liberalism could be performed without disrupting racial inequality.
Validation of System-level Properties at Code Level
Authors: Garoche Pierre-Loïc
Published: January 2020

This chapter claims that code generation can be adapted to enable the expression of system-level properties at code level, and be later proved with respect to the code semantics. All previous analyses were performed on discrete dynamical systems models. However, once the control-level properties have been expressed and analyzed at model level, their validity must be asserted on the code artifact extracted from the model. Luckily, this extraction of code from models is largely automatized thanks to autocoding framework generating embedded code from dataflow models. Indeed, code generation from dataflow language is now effective and widely used in the industry. With these in mind, the chapter first gives an overview of the modeling framework, enabling the expression of properties at model and code level. A second part explains the generation of such code annotations, while a last part focuses on their verification.
Endings
Authors: Hoffnung-Garskof Jesse E.
Published: January 2020

This concluding chapter presents three vignettes following the events of the previous chapter. It first places three “gentlemen of color” at a party at the Munro Hotel on Fourteenth Street in Manhattan in 1902. They were gathered by President Elect Tomás Estrada Palma. Given their long relationship with Estrada Palma, these men returning from New York were comparatively well positioned in Cuba's political competition, but even this advantage required further negotiation. The chapter also recalls another instance, in summer 1905. This was when Rafael Serra, a 47-year-old employee of the Cuban Postal Service, editor, and member of the Cuban House of Representatives, walked down the gangplank of the SS Vigilancia in New York City. Finally, the chapter offers yet another alternate ending, this time set at the elegant Maceo Hotel, where in fall 1905, shortly after Serra departed from New York. This episode involved the young Puerto Rican intellectual Arturo Schomburg, who organized a birthday party for an aging African American journalist named John Edward Bruce.
Not About Japan
Authors: Lavery Grace E.
Published: January 2020

This chapter aims to redirect an opera that is too often dislocated from that scene back within its boundaries. It explores the interpretive practices that have installed this certainty within critical approaches to such a semiotically complex work as Gilbert and Sullivan's The Mikado. Early productions proudly exhibited its Japanese qualities: the putatively authentic sword and costumes onstage; the Japanese women recruited to teach the British actors how to dance; the “Miya Sama” theme, incorporated almost without amendment from a Japanese source. It was not until the aftermath of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5, when the Japanese Empire confronted British audiences and critics with a newly threatening aspect, that critics collectively decided, never to recant, that the opera did not contain “a single joke against Japan,” as G. K. Chesterton put it, but was rather wholly designed to satirize and caricature British political culture. As such the affinities between The Mikado and a particular aspect of late-Victorian Orientalism have been obscured, and the semiotic problem Japanese culture posed to Victorians has been oversimplified.
The Pre-Raphaelite Haiku
Authors: Lavery Grace E.
Published: January 2020

This chapter narrates the establishment of Japanese-style haiku poetry as the definitive genre of exquisite aestheticism within English-language verse, a position that haiku has occupied since the outset of the 20th century until the present time. It argues that, in a domain beyond the university—but certainly encompassing the kindergarten, the doctor's waiting room, and the online message board, haiku has only consolidated its position as the apogee of a kind of formally contrived poetry that, howsoever contrived, works, as the exquisite always does. It has done so, not by repeating the modernist impulsive sometimes ascribed to it, but by bypassing modernist poetics entirely and activating the quaint Victorian versification strategies that, at its origin, haiku was designed to preserve. In doing so, the chapter discusses one particular intervention into late-Victorian literary culture. This is done by a writer, Yone Noguchi, who is generally understood, and understood himself, as an outsider to it.
Living in France
Authors: Jordan William Chester
Published: January 2020

This chapter determines just how successful Louis IX's conversion project had been. It first asks how many converted Muslims and pagans had actually settled in France. All the chroniclers and thirteenth-century biographers of Louis IX who write about the conversion project appear to imply that the overwhelming proportion of converts were from Islam. The chapter, however, presents a more complicated picture through the use of documentary evidence, and creates a rough estimate of the converted population in northern France during the thirteenth century. In addition, the chapter explores the other logistical concerns of settling these immigrant converts in France, covering their royal stipends and endowments, occupations, population densities, how well they assimilated into French society, and similar.
Rost’s Chain Lemma
Authors: Haesemeyer Christian , Weibel Charles A.
Published: January 2020

This chapter states and proves Rost's Chain Lemma. The proof (due to Markus Rost) does not use the inductive assumption that BL(n − 1) holds. Throughout this chapter, 𝓁 is a fixed prime, and 𝑘 is a field containing 1/𝓁 and all 𝓁th roots of unity. It fixes an integer 𝑛 ≥ 2 and an 𝑛-tuple (𝑎1, ..., 𝑎𝑛) of units in 𝑘, such that the symbol ª = {𝑎1, ..., 𝑎𝑛} is nontrivial in the Milnor 𝐾-group 𝐾𝑀
𝑛(𝑘)/𝓁. The chapter produces the statement of the Chain Lemma by first proving the special case 𝑛 = 2. The notion of an 𝓁-form on a locally free sheaf over 𝑆 is then introduced, before the chapter shows how 𝓁-forms may be used to define elements of 𝐾𝑀
𝑛(𝑘(𝑆))/𝓁.
Existence of Rost Varieties
Authors: Haesemeyer Christian , Weibel Charles A.
Published: January 2020

This chapter proves that the norm varieties constructed in the previous chapter are indeed Rost varieties. In other words, it proves that Rost varieties exist. In doing so, the chapter also proves the Norm Principle, which is a theorem that supposes that 𝑘 is an 𝓁-special field of characteristic 0, and that 𝑋 is a norm variety for some nontrivial symbol ª. Then each element of ̅𝐻−1, −1(𝑋) is a Kummer element. In preparation for the proof of the Norm Principle, this chapter develops some basic facts about elements of ̅𝐻−1, −1(𝑋) supported on points 𝑥 with 𝑘(𝑥) : 𝑘=𝓁.
Motivic Classifying Spaces
Authors: Haesemeyer Christian , Weibel Charles A.
Published: January 2020

This chapter focuses on motivic classifying spaces. It first connects the motives 𝑆∞
tr(𝕃𝑛) to cohomology operations on 𝐻2𝑛, 𝑛, at least when char(𝑘)=0. This parallels the Dold–Thom theorem in topology, which identifies the reduced homology ̃𝐻*(𝑋, ℤ) of a connected space 𝑋 with the homotopy groups of the infinite symmetric product 𝑆∞𝑋. A similar analysis shows that 𝔾𝑚 represents 𝐻1,1(−, ℤ), which allows us to describe operations on 𝐻1,1. The chapter then introduces the notion of scalar weight operations on 𝐻2𝑛, 𝑛. Afterward, it develops formulas for 𝑆𝓁tr(𝕃𝑛). These formulas imply that 𝑆∞
tr(𝕃𝑛) is a proper Tate motive, so there is a Künneth formula for them. The chapter culminates in a theorem demonstrating that β‎𝑃𝑏 is the unique cohomology operation of scalar weight 0 in its bidegree.
Fishing
Authors: Andersen Ken H.
Published: January 2020

This chapter exploits the previous chapter's demographic model to make impact assessment of fishing and calculate fisheries reference points for fish stocks with asymptotic sizes of 10 g, 333 g, and 10 kg. The three asymptotic sizes span the variation in fish life histories from small and short-lived forage fish species, such as sardine or sprat; to small pelagic fish, such as herring or mackerel; to large demersal species, such as cod or saithe. When fishing is added to the demographic model, the model has to be solved numerically. To complement the numerical results, the chapter first develops a very simplified analytical model. It then goes on to formulate a complete theoretical framework that can be applied to make ecological impact assessments of fishing a single stock.
Není korupce jako korupce: vnímání a zkušenost ve vztahu k politické participaci
Authors:   Univerzita Hradec Králové, Školník Milan
Published: January 2020

Corruption is a very frequent term in scientific literature. While negative corruption generally affects the economic development of the country or market and impacts people’s trust in individuals and institutions, the relationship between corruption and political participation remains unclear. On the one hand, there is a theoretical argument that corruption discourages political participation and by its nature excludes citizens from the political process. On the other hand, there is a theoretical assertion that, on the contrary, it leads to political participation in which a voter has the opportunity to replace a corrupt politician in the elections. In most cases, research on corruption and political participation is limited to the perception of corruption on the one hand and voter turnout on the other. However, both corruption and political participation can take many forms. The article therefore distinguishes between three forms of corruption and examines their impact not only on participation in elections, but also on political meetings, community meetings and protests. Logistic regression analysis is performed and eight regression models are constructed. The research is focused on two South American countries - Venezuela and Chile. Due to the case selection, the article uses data on an individual level from the Latin American Public Opinion Project. The conclusions are that while the perception of corruption discourages political participation in both countries, experience of corruption in Venezuela, a country in which every fifth citizen encounters bribery, on the contrary leads to political mobilization. This contrasts with Chile, where this variable was not statistically significant at all.
José Guillermo Montes Cala (†), Rafael J. Gallé Cejudo, Manuel Sánchez Ortiz de Landaluce y Tomas Silva Sánchez (ed.), Fronteras entre el verso y la prosa en la literatura helenística y helenístico-romana. Homenaje al Prof. José Guillermo Montes Ca
Authors: Blanco Cesteros Miriam
Published: January 2020

José Guillermo Montes Cala (†), Rafael J. Gallé Cejudo, Manuel Sánchez Ortiz de Landaluce y Tomas Silva Sánchez (ed.), Fronteras entre el verso y la prosa en la literatura helenística y helenístico-romana. Homenaje al Prof. José Guillermo Montes Cala, Bari, Levante Editori, 2016, 776 pp., ISBN 978-88-7949-664-3
Técnica teatral y paradojas en los prólogos de Sófocles
Authors: Pérez Lambás Fernando
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo analizamos cuatro prólogos de las tragedias conservadas de Sófocles (Áyax, Antígona, Edipo Rey y Edipo en Colono) y ponemos de manifiesto algunos rasgos de técnica teatral que el autor emplea en ellos. Estos elementos, que en algunos casos podríamos llamar “paradójicos”, corroboran la importancia del prólogo como una parte inicial de la pieza que tiene como función principal exponer los hechos con los que comienza la acción ante unos espectadores que precisan de tal información. Gracias al estudio de estos elementos, se pueden clasificar paradigmas regulares en la composición de estos cuatro prólogos, que presentan elementos comunes pero variables en función de cada tragedia.
Scifaiku: la colisión de dos estéticas.
Authors: Ramírez Gutiérrez Jesús Eduardo
Published: January 2020

El haiku es una forma poética japonesa que ha fascinado desde la antigüedad hasta nuestros días. Desde inicios del siglo XX, fue asimilado por medio del modernismo en México, gracias a José Juan Tablada y, en el caso de la lengua inglesa, por medio del imaginismo y la generación Beat. En ese mismo siglo se instaura un género, para muchos un género periférico: la ciencia ficción, que aún denostado por la academia, tiene mucho que analizar, entre ello la existencia de poesía inscrita dentro de esta manifestación cultural. Justo allí es donde el haiku y la ciencia ficción se encuentran para engendrar un híbrido: scifaiku, que toma las mejores características de ambos.
Evocaciones míticas en versos actuales. La figura de Penélope en algunos poemas contemporáneos
Authors: Arciello Daniele
Published: January 2020

Resumen El presente estudio pretende ilustrar los aspectos innovadores que se manifiestan en la lectura de algunos ejemplos de reelaboración del mito de Penélope.  Los poemas de la antología L’altra Penelope (2008) se revisten de connotaciones femeninas y feministas que, pese al hecho de mantener ataduras ontológicas con el modelo de partida, suponen un punto de inflexión contundente. Se propone una comparación entre algunas de estas composiciones con los versos de un poeta chicano, Tino Villanueva, quien dedicó un poemario a la mujer de Odiseo. La finalidad cardinal del análisis estriba en examinar los nuevos derroteros temáticos que establecen un vínculo indisoluble con el pasado, a la vez que renuevan los elementos más significativos de la narración homérica.
La crítica de Bergson a la idea de mundo
Authors: Alonso Hernández Roberto
Published: January 2020

Este texto muestra que para Bergson la intuición de la duración es una alternativa a la visión cuantificadora de la inteligencia acerca de la temporalidad. En este sentido la filosofía y la termodinámica se relacionan, ya que las dos piensan que existe una reinterpretación de la temporalidad que tiene como características la creatividad y la irreversibilidad; esta reinterpretación ayuda a romper con la representación del mundo creada por el sentido común y el internet, en la que el orbe puede ser deducido a partir de del establecimiento de un conjunto de leyes que determinan el comportamiento de sus elementos.
Informe bibliográfico sobre la lógica (epistémica) de la conciencia
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Claudia
Published: January 2020

La lógica de la conciencia es una extensión de la lógica epistémica que solventa el problema de la omnisciencia lógica incorporando un operador de conciencia para separar el conocimiento explícito del implícito. Este informe recopila los principales textos tanto de los orígenes de esta lógica, así como de sus desarrollos en las últimas tres décadas. En concreto analiza los enfoques desde la lógica epistémica dinámica, desde su combinación con otras lógicas y los enfoques de teoría de juegos.
Use of Modelling Approach in evaluation of Fractured Shale Aquifers for irrigation purpose; a case study of Oju, Lower Benue Trough Nigeria
Authors: Eyankware M. O. , Ogwah C.
Published: January 2020

Groundwater samples were evaluated for irrigation purpose, within selected part of Oju area of Benue State, Nigeria. The study area lies within Asu River Group of the Lower Benue Trough, southern part of Nigeria. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed using APHA, 2012 method. Results from the study showed that pH falls within slightly basic to acidic, with Ec value ranging from 127 to 760 μS/cm, SSP ranges from 1.53 to 43.78, Sodium Percentage ranges from 1.55 to 77.8 %, Kelly Ratio ranges from 0.01 to 0.77, Magnesium Absorption Ratio ranges from 0.00 to 61.98 and total hardness Total Hardness ranges from 72.00 to 425.5 within the study area. The above listed parameters were below various permissible standard value for irrigation except for MAR at LBT/04, Na % at LBT/09, 13 and 14, SAR at 01 and 04 and TH at LBT/04 that were slightly above various permissible standard values. From Gibbs plot it was observed that rock dominance is the major factor that influences groundwater except for few sampling point were precipitation dominance was observed to have influence on groundwater within the study area.
The Presence of 2-Thiaadamantane in Niger Delta Oils may indicate Souring in Niger Delta Reservoirs
Authors: Abrakasa S. , Nwankwoala H.O.
Published: January 2020

Some oil samples from various Nigerian oil fields were examined for the presence of Thermochemical Sulphate Reduction (TSR) derived organo sulphur compounds. Oil samples were diluted with DCM and injected into the GC–MS for full scan analysis. The GC–MS results show the presence 2–thiaadamantane, 1–methyl-2-thiaadamanatane and 5–methyl-2-thiaadamanatane, the compounds were identified by comparison of extracted spectras with literature. The presence of these compounds in oils has been accepted on a wider horizon as indicators of reservoir souring. The plot of 5–Methyl-2-thiaadamantane/Adamantane and Dibenzothiophene/Adamanatane showed a fair correlation, corroborating the presence of 5–Methyl-2-thiaadamantane and fairly high abundance of Dibenzothiophene, the plot of 2-thiaadamantane/Adamantane and 5–Methyl-2-Thiaadamantane/Adamantane corroborating the presence of 2-thiaadamantane and 5–Methyl-2-Thiaadamantane inferring that the presence of 2-thiaadamantane and 5–Methyl-2-Thiaadamantane indicate that reservoir souring is active.
Aeromagnetic Mapping of Iwo Region of Southwestern Nigeria for Lithostructural Delineation
Authors: Okpoli C.C. , Oludeyi D.
Published: January 2020

The IGRF filtered Aeromagnetic data over Iwo, southwestern part of Nigeria within the basement complex was subjected to reduction to magnetic equator filtering, residual filtering, upward and downward continuation filtering, automatic gain control filtering, tilt angle derivative, second vertical derivative, analytical signal and Euler deconvolution. This reveals the geologic information such as structural trend. Based on the result of the total magnetic intensity map, reduction to equator map, analytical signal map and residual magnetic intensity map, it can be concluded that; The rocks in the study area have a trend of approximately northeast-southwest direction as seen on the upward continuation map. Most of the delineated lineaments found within the study area strike mostly in NNE-SSW, NE-SW and NW-SE with minor trend of E-W and ENE-WSW direction. Structural lineament orientation suggested that they were products of Pan-African orogeny (NE-SW, NW-SE and NNE-SSW trends) and pre-Pan-African orogeny (NNW-SSE and E-W trend). The interpretation of the aeromagnetic dataset gave an insight into the regional geology and structural trends of the area.
3D Interpretation of Resistivity Data for Groundwater Potential Assessment of Pakhli Plain, Mansehra District, Pakistan
Authors: Javed Abid , Ghazi Shahid , Ali Shahid , Muhammad Shafi , Rasool Umair , Dar Qamar Uz Zaman
Published: January 2020

The present research describes a method of combining geostatistical analysis with geophysical inversion of electrical resistivity data conducted in Pakhli Plain, northwestern Himalayas, Pakistan. The raw data has been collected from the Technical Report VII-I on Ground Water Resources in Pakhli Plain, Mansehra District. Subsequently, the data has been deciphered and broadened from one dimensional resistivity data into a 2D model that can be entirely visualized and deduced in a spatial sense. Interpretation and calibration of the electrical resistivity curves with the lithologies and geophysical logs of boreholes suggests possible identification of distinctive sedimentary accumulations occurring within the Pakhli Plain. The 2D and 3D gridding and visualization is imperative to map the extents of the alluvial deposits within the Pakhli Plain formed during the periods of extreme tectonic activity. The coarser sediments are associated with lower levels of resistivity as measured in the electrical surveys, whereas the finer sediments exhibit characteristically lower resistivities. Therefore, the zones of low and high resistivity values are indicative of particles associated with coarser and finer sediments, respectively. It has been mentioned that the Pakhli Plain has remained a lacustrine zone during some time in the geological past as indicated by low resistivities representing finer sediments in the middle of the Plain. Consequently, the overall transmissivity of the sediments is low, which imply poor conditions for commercial groundwater production in the Pakhli Plain. Moreover, high resistivity zones of coarse material could be further investigated for groundwater potential areas. In particular, the prime objectives of the present study include 3D modeling of underground resistivity and its exploration in terms of groundwater potential on the basis of distribution of low resistivity zones.
Hur uppfattar elever omgivningens sociala tryck gällande skolfusk?
Authors: Fonseca Lars
Published: January 2020

Both earlier Swedish research and reports in the Swedish media suggest that students and teachers perceive norm conflicts regarding test-taking and grading: on one hand, high-school-students (year 7 -12) and teachers feel expected to strictly adhere to rules prohibiting cheating in school; on the other hand, they feel expected to apply these rules flexibly to facilitate students achieving good grades. This study aims to address this conflict from student perspective and answer the following question: To what extent do high-school students perceive that social norms support rules against school cheating? The data for this quantitative study was collected from 199 high-school students. Using a norm-sociological model (Svensson, 2008), the data was subsequently analysed to illuminate in what way students understood the social norm against cheating in school and what significance they allocated to these values ​​in their social environments. The results show that the high-school students perceived the social norm against cheating to be significantly stronger than the social norm for cheating. Secondly, the students perceived that teachers, principals and parents clearly viewed cheating negatively, and imbued the no-cheating norm with great importance. Thirdly, the students perceived that their peers were ambivalent to cheating.
Efek Penggunaan ACE Inhibitor terhadap Perubahan Tekanan Darah dan Kadar Kalium pada Pasien Hipertensi dengan Komplikasi Gagal Jantung di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar
Authors: Lestari Ni Kadek Santi
Published: January 2020

ACE Inhibitor merupakan terapi pilihan utama yang digunakan dalam terapi hipertensi dengan gagal jantung. Pada hipertensi gagal jantung, ACE Inhibitor diberikan dalam bentuk kombinasi dengan antihipertensi lain seperti diuretik atau ?-bloker, dan aldosteron antagonis. Salah satu efek samping dari penggunaan ACE Inhibitor dalam jangka waktu yang lama adalah  hiperkalemia. Hiperkalemia yang berat pada kondisi gagal jantung dapat menyebabkan terjadinya henti jantung serta gangguan irama jantung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan tekanan darah dan kadar kalium pada pasien hipertensi dengan komplikasi gagal jantung setelah mendapatkan terapi ACE Inhibitor kombinasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional, yang dilakukan secara retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis pasien di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, data diolah secara deskriptif dan analitik dengan menggunakan metode paired t-test dan wilcoxon pada software SPSS 22. Diperoleh 35 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi dalam penelitian ini. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan penggunaan kelima jenis regimen terapi ACE Inhibitor kombinasi memberikan penurunan yang signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik dengan nilai p<0,05, Pada kadar kalium tidak memberikan perubahan yang signifikan dengan nilai p>0,05. Penggunaan kombinasi ACE Inibitor+?-Bloker menyebabkan satu pasien mengalami hiperkalemia ringan.
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Senyawa Flavonoid Potensial Antioksidan dari Daun Binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.)
Authors: Yadnya Putra Anak Agung Gede Rai , Samirana Putu Oka , Andhini Dewa Ayu Angghy
Published: January 2020

Binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) adalah salah satu tanaman yang diketahui bagian daunnya memiliki aktivitas farmakologi seperti antiinflamasi, antitukak lambung, antiluka bakar, antiluka eksisi, bahkan antioksidan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi senyawa golongan flavonoid dari daun binahong yang memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan. Isolasi dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu maserasi, fraksinasi, subfraksinasi menggunakan kromatografi kolom, pemurnian menggunakan KLT-preparatif, dan uji kemurnian isolat secara KLT dan penentuan titik leleh isolat. Potensi antioksidan isolat diuji melalui peredaman DPPH radikal menggunakan metode KLT-bioautografi. Isolat dikarakterisasi struktur kimianya menggunakan spektroskopi IR dan UV-Vis dengan pereaksi geser. Berdasarkan analisis spektroskopi IR, isolat memiliki gugus fungsi C=O, OH, C-H alifatik, C-H aromatik, dan C-O alkohol. Data spektroskopi UV-Vis memperlihatkan adanya serapan pita I pada panjang gelombang 330nm dan pita II pada 266nm. Berdasarkan data spektroskopi tersebut diduga isolat yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dalam daun A. scandens (L.) Moq. memiliki struktur kimia parsial 4’,7 dihidroksi 3-O-R flavonol. 

Kata kunci: Binahong, Anredera scandens (L.) Moq., antioksidan, flavonoid.
Legal Protection For Children Againts Sexual Exploitation and Abuse of Children Online
Authors: Wijakusumariasih Ni Putu Ika
Published: January 2020

The disclosure of cases of pedophiles online on social media in Indonesia certainly dangers that lurk children from perpetrators of sexual crimes. End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism (ECPAT) Indonesia and the Criminal Crime Reform Institute (ICJR) regard this case of online child pornography as the largest ever disclosed by police without casualties. Online pedophile actors operating on social media Facebook use Official Candy Group accounts. Online pedophile prostitution has involved international networks. Departing from this background, the purpose of writing this scientific paper is to find out about the protection of children in Indonesia in terms of online pedophiles that refer to international child protection instruments that have been ratified. The research method used in this study is a normative legal research method. Seeing the situation in the territory of Indonesia become a place of practice that deviates until the involvement of international syndicates and modes is more sophisticated. Conditions further strengthen the assumption that Indonesia is indeed in an emergency of sexual violence. Harmonizing national laws to protect children online with international standards is key to providing the right tools for law enforcement in dealing with child sex crimes. In the child protection survey in the digital era in ASEAN member countries, it appears that Indonesia still needs improvement in terms of legal instruments related to child protection in the context of regulations and policies in making child protection mechanisms in the virtual realm in accordance with global commitments in which Indonesia is member of several international organizations.
Pengelolaan Dana Desa Berbasis Tata Pemerintahan Yang Baik (Good Governance)
Authors: Arman Arman , Gaussyah M. , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: January 2020

Various problems caused financial problems that are not good in various regions, for example, allocation or expenditure of Regional Fund funds that are not appropriate, suspension of members who are not optimal, and accountability of the use of funds that can not be adjusted and several other things that are excluded. This research aims to determine the concept of good governance, which intended for villages fund are based on laws and regulations and principle good governance. This method uses a type of research an empirical juridical method with an analytical perspective. Based on the results of the study show that the management of village funds can’t normally run in based on good governance, seen from accountability, transparency, and participation in management. This is proven, that whole stakeholder involves development planning deliberations. Then the village aid fund is not by the laws and regulations of the invitation, in this case, each use of Village implementation assistance funds is around 80% has been done because the user must be by the rules that have been determined. But in its implementation there are still individuals working in the management of village funds, meaning that they are not disciplined in carrying out administration, so the implementation has not been maximized.

Berbagai masalah timbul karena pengelolaan Dana Desa yang kurang baik di berbagai daerah, misalnya: pengalokasian atau pembelanjaan dana Dana-Desa yang tidak tepat, penyerapan anggaran yang tidak maksimal, dan pertanggungjawaban penggunaan anggaran yang tidak akurat serta beberapa hal lain yang mengakibatkan pemenuhan hak-hak masyarakat masih ada yang terkesampingkan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui dan menjelaskan konsep good governance, apakah Pengelolaan dana desa di Gayo Lues sudah sesuai dengan asas good governance. Metode penelitian ini merupakan metode yuridis empiris dengan melakukan pendekatan preskriptif analitis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa pengelolaan dana desa belum berjalan secara maksimal sesuai dengan Good Governance, dilihat dari akuntabilitas, transparansi dan partisipatif dalam pengelolaannya. Hal ini terbukti, bahwa sebagian masyarakat tidak dilibatkan dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan (musrenbang) dalam perencanaan. Kemudian pengelolaan  dana Desa belum sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan, dalam hal ini setiap penggunaan dalam melaksanakan kegiatan dana Desa sekitar 80% sudah dilakukan, karena dalam penggunaan harus selalu mengikuti regulasi yang telah ditentukan. Namun dalam implementasinya masih terjadinya individu-individu yang bekerja dalam pengelolaan dana desa, artinya tidak disiplin dalam menjalankan administrasi, sehingga pelaksanaannya belum maksimal.
Tanggung Jawab PPAT dalam Penetapan Nilai Transaksi Jual Beli Tanah dan Bangunan di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Harnita Harnita , Muazzin Muazzin , Idami Zahratul
Published: January 2020

PPAT is an official appointed by the State in carrying out office duties which include relating to the function of public services in the field of law. This is related to his authority in making a sale and purchase deed. Based on Article 5 paragraph (1) of Qanun Number 7 of 2010 concerning Fees for Acquisition of Land and Building Rights, in the inclusion of a sale and purchase deed made by PPAT, it must be following the actual transaction price. But in practice, PPAT was still found which decreased the value of land and building sale and purchase transactions. The purpose of this research is to explain the responsibility of the notary as PPAT in determining the value of land and building sale and purchase transactions, and the reason of the notary as PPAT in determining the value of the sale and purchase transaction of land and buildings not following the actual price. This study uses a type of empirical legal research. The results of the study indicate that the notary / PPAT is responsible for the incompatibility of transaction values ??contained in the deed of sale and purchase which do not match the actual price. The notary / PPAT reason in determining the value of the sale and purchase transaction of land and buildings is not following the actual price due to unfair competition between fellow notaries / PPAT, constraints related to taxpayers, and a sense of solidarity among notaries.

PPAT merupakan pejabat yang diangkat oleh Negara dalam menjalankan tugas jabatan yang diantaranya berkaitan dengan fungsi pelayanan publik dalam bidang hukum. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kewenangannya dalam pembuatan akta jual beli. Berdasarkan Pasal 5 ayat (1) Qanun Nomor 7 Tahun 2010 Tentang Bea Perolehan Hak Atas Tanah dan Bangunan, dalam pencantuman akta jual beli yang dibuat oleh PPAT haruslah sesuai dengan harga transaksi yang sebenarnya. Namun dalam praktiknya masih ditemukan PPAT yang melakukan penurunan nilai transaksi jual beli tanah dan bangunan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tanggung jawab notaris selaku PPAT dalam penetapan nilai transaksi jual beli tanah dan bangunan, dan alasan notaris selaku PPAT dalam penetapan nilai transaksi jual beli tanah  dan bangunan tidak sesuai dengan harga sebenarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa notaris/PPAT bertanggung jawab terhadap ketidaksesuaian nilai transaksi yang terdapat dalam akta jual beli yang tidak sesuai dengan yang harga yang sebenarnya. Alasan notaris/PPAT dalam penetapan nilai transaksi jual beli tanah dan bangunan tidak sesuai dengan harga sebenarnya adalah karena adanya persaingan tidak sehat antara sesama rekan notaris/PPAT, adanya kendala yang berhubungan dengan wajib pajak, dan adanya rasa kesetiakawanan antara sesama notaris.
Observasi Penerimaan Sosial Berbasis Aplikasi Realitas Tertambah di Bamboo Bar Sanur
Authors: Yudhistira Prima , Sukaatmaja I Putu Gde , Bhaskara Gde Indra
Published: January 2020

The opening of internet access to the public in 1991 pushed information into people's daily needs (Birger, 1997). Telephone manufacturers adopt the internet naturally in their products by launching mobile phones that have evolved into smartphones (Ira, 2012), allowing the internet to be accessed all the time. Economic aspects soon followed, assimilated in cyberspace into E-commerce that allows transactions of goods and services in cyberspace (Botha et at., 2008). In the world of tourism, the use of modern technology has become a necessity for many destinations to remain competitive and attractive to modern tourists. A form of new technology that is increasingly being used in public spaces is Augmented Reality (AR). Augmented reality technology allows users to receive information in the form of a display that contains a combination of real and virtual objects in the real world in real time. Technology is accessed via an app that is installed on a smartphone.This research aims to analyze the role of behavioral intention based on augmented reality applications in mediating the effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the actual system use in bamboo bar Sanur. An augmented reality prototype application was developed specifically for this research. Quantification of human behavior is possible by combining the branch of psychology theory of planned behavior with e-commerce based mobile computing context (Imielinski & Korth, 1996).

Keywords: behavioral intention, aplikasi, augmented reality, smartphone, e-commerce, TAM, Mobile computing Text
Exit Survey Kepuasan Wisatawan Terhadap Pariwisata di Labuan Bajo
Authors: Marselina Apriana , Leha Ernesta , Ota Maria Kristina
Published: January 2020

Tourism is one of the important sectors as a source of regional income. The satisfaction of each tourist depends on the facilities and services provided. The purpose of this survey is to measure the satisfaction of tourists who come and visit tourist destinations in Labuan Bajo. This survey activity also measures the success of the West Manggarai Regional Government, all stakeholders and the community in maintaining the sustainability of tourism in Labuan Bajo, as well as being able to answer user needs based on user experience. This survey was conducted using the exit survey method, by interviewing as many tourists as possible who had visited Labuan Bajo and were going out through the existing airport in Labuan Bajo. Based on the results of research on the level of visitor satisfaction with services and facilities in several tourist destinations in Labuan Bajo are between 55.28% to 76.45% of tourists satisfied with the existing facilities and services. This research contributes to the government of West Manggarai Regency in increasing the number of tourist visits and the development of facilities and services for tourists for each tourist destination in West Manggarai.

Keywords: Exit Survey, Tourist Satisfaction, Sustainable Tourism
Strategi Pengembangan DTW Pantai Diamond di Dusun Pelilit, Desa Pejukutan, Nusa Penida, Klungkung, Bali
Authors: Listiowati Agnela Saneta , Wiranatha Agung Suryawan , Suryawardani I Gusti Ayu Oka
Published: January 2020

Diamond Beach is located at Pelilit Village, Pejukutan Village, Nusa Penida District. This tourist attraction was developed since 2014. Even though it have been developed since five years ago, there is still bad perception from local community about the components at Diamond Beach, in specific about amenity, accessibility, and human resource. Those local community perception contrasts with the perception of tourists that visited Diamond Beach, which they have good perception of all destination components in Diamond Beach. This research used qualitative descriptive approach that concerned about the perception of tourist and local community towards destination component at Diamond Beach. All perceptions and collected data using triangulation were used to identify internal and external environment condition at Diamond Beach. Result of internal and external factor analysis at Diamond Beach were both in medium condition. Then, the proper grand strategy to be applied in next level is keeping up and maintaining without changing the strategy that has been used before. This grand strategy is stressing more about product and service development, also market penetration.

Keywords: perception, development strategy, tourist attraction
PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURIAL PRACTICE BY CRAMMING A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT OVER A WEEKEND
Authors: Bubbar Kush , Shukla Dhirendra Shukla
Published: January 2020

As the definition of the engineering profession continues to witness a disruptive transformation in the labour market, engineering schools are beginning to recognize the need to facilitate a new approach to education. Such a disruption has lead to the explosion of entrepreneurship education within the boarders of engineering schools in attempt to generate the talent and skills of the future engineer.

There is however a gap – engineering schools were never designed to deliver entrepreneurship education. Success in this endeavour relies on a new approach to teaching; one that is founded in a group-based, experiential learning environment. At the University of New Brunswick, entrepreneurship education is a core element offered to all our engineering students.

The following article proposes the CRAM – a two day hackathon designed to introduce students to a cohesion of contemporary entrepreneurship practices to accelerate group formation and acquire entrepreneurship skill sets using an inductive teaching approach. The delivery of the CRAM is discussed in detail, along with feedback from the student participants.