bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Dietary Salt Intake and the Glycaemia Response Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Eastern China
Authors: Lin Yi , Yang Xi , Chen Yan-Shu , Zhou Ye , Li Li
Published: October 2020

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of public health concerns in China with a rapid increase in prevalence. The study on salt intake and risk of T2D is still lack in China.AimsTo investigate the association between dietary salt intake levels and the glycaemia response of T2D.MethodsA total of 1145 T2D patients, who accepted standardized management by the National Standardized Metabolic Disease Management Center at Ningbo First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020, were selected in the final analysis. Demography, lifestyle and medical information were collected through questionnaires. Anthropometry, blood pressure and biomarkers were measured by well-trained endocrinology nurses. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to examine the association.ResultsHigher prevalence of overweight and central obesity with larger BMI and waist circumference were found in higher salt categories 6-8g/d and ≥8g/d, compared to lower salt categories. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h postprandial plasma glucose, 2h postprandial insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly different across salt intake categories. GLM further shows that salt intake 6-8g/d and ≥8g/d were positively associated with FPG and salt intake 6-8g/d and ≥8g/ d was associated with HbA1c.ConclusionIncreasing salt intake is suggested to be associated with the glycaemia response at the fasting state in T2D patients. Hospital-based education is needed for improvement of awareness, attitude and action on restriction of salt consumption.
Combined Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Nakano Akira , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Mashiko Taro , Masuoka Yoshihito , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Ozawa Soji , Nakagohri Toshio
Published: October 2020

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can grow in a mosaic pattern, often combined with various non-hepatocellular cells. However, HCC combined with a neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) component is very rarely reported, and its clinical features, origin, diagnosis and behavior have not been established. In the literature, mixed HCC–NEC tumors are categorized as either collision type or combined type, depending on their microscopic features. Here we report a patient with a combined-type HCC–NEC tumor.Case presentation: An asymptomatic 84-year-old woman was found to have a solid mass in the right lobe of her liver. Laboratory and radiologic examinations showed findings typical of HCC, including arterial-phase enhancement, and portal- and delay-phase washout. She was preoperatively diagnosed with HCC, and treated with partial laparoscopic hepatectomy of her S5 segment. The tumor was 5.0 × 6.0 cm in diameter, and was predominantly HCC, partly admixed with a NEC component. A transitional zone between the HCC and NEC tissues was also observed. The tumor was finally diagnosed as a combined-type primary mixed NEC–HCC tumor. After the diagnosis, the patient underwent somatostatin receptor scintigraphy to look for the primary NEC lesion, but no accumulations were found in any other part of her body. She has been free of recurrence for 6 months since the surgery.Conclusion: Mixed HCC–NEC tumors are very rare. Correct diagnosis requires multidisciplinary collaboration. Accumulating cases is needed to help understand their exact pathology, diagnosis and treatment.
Predictors of Mortality in COPD Exacerbation Cases Presenting to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Cao Yang , Xing Zhenzhen , Long Huangyu , Huang Yilin , Guo Yanfei
Published: October 2020

Background: Studies report high in-hospital mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations especially for those who requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Recognizing factors associated with mortality in those patients could reduce healthcare costs and improve end-of-life care. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 384 patients with AECOPD admitted to the respiratory ICU (RICU) of a tertiary hospital in Beijing from Jan 1, 2011 to Dec 31, 2018. Patients demographic characteristic, blood test results and comorbidities were extracted from the electronic medical record system and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Results: We finally enrolled 384 AECOPD patients, 44 (11.5%) patients died in hospital and 340 (88.5%) were discharged. The most common comorbidity was respiratory failure (294 (76.6%)), followed by hypertension (214 (55.7%)), coronary heart disease (CHD, 115 (29.9%)) and chronic heart failure (CHF, (76 (19.8%)). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality included lymphocytopenia, leukopenia combined with CHF and the requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).Conclusions: The in-hospital mortality of patients with COPD exacerbation requiring RICU admission is high. Lymphocytes<0.8×109/L, leukopenia, requirement for IMV, combined with CHF could be identified as risk factors associated with increased mortality rates.
“Breaking Down the Wall” Patients` and Families` Experience of Multifamily Therapy for Young Adult Women With Severe Eating Disorders
Authors: Brinchmann Berit Støre , Krvavac Sanja
Published: October 2020

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) are serious illnesses leading to lowered quality of life for the patients and their family. The Regional Centre for Eating disorders (RESSP) at Nordland Hospital in Bodø, Norway has developed an adjunct psychotherapeutic approach for the treatment of young adult patients with severe EDs. The patient's family members take part in the multifamily therapy (MFT) group programme. Methods: The aim of the study was to explore patients` and families` experience of MFT for young adult women with severe EDs. Data were collected by field observations in two MFT groups, qualitative group interviews and qualitative individual interviews with patients and their family members. The analytical method was qualitative content analysis. Results: Two main categories were identified: ‘Connectedness and recognition’ and ‘Open yourself and share’. MFT was described as a space for recognition within which it was possible to speak of things happening in the family with others with similar difficulties. It felt good and freeing, but also painful, to meet others with similar experiences. The participants shared a considerable loneliness because it is difficult for outsiders to grasp what it is like in a home dominated by an ED. The meeting with other families created an underlying safety. The participants received help to distinguish between realistic and unrealistic concerns and learned about openness and communication in relation to their daughter. Some women with EDs said that MFT was most important for the parents but also had been good for them as things had become better at home.Conclusion: The participants reported that their family had become better at talking to each other after having been in MFT. As a result, they were able to speak more openly about difficult things and share feelings. This gave rise to increased understanding. The study shows that MFT was found to be valuable and important. Never before had these families had such an offer, something so directly tailored to them. MFT for adults can be developed further and used in other groups, such as those concerning other chronic illnesses.
A Critical Narrative Inquiry to Understand the Impacts of an Overdose Prevention Site on the Lives of Site Users
Authors: Oudshoorn Abe , Bouck Michelle Sangster , McCann Melissa , Zendo Shamiram , Berman Helene , Banninga Jordan , Ber Marlene J Le , Zendo Zayya
Published: October 2020

Background Globally, communities are struggling to gain support for harm reduction strategies being implemented to address the impacts of substance use. A key part of this discussion is understanding and engaging with people who use drugs to help shape community harm reduction strategies. This study focused on how an overdose prevention site has influenced the lives of people who use drugs.MethodsA critical narrative method was utilized, centred on photo-narratives. Twenty-seven individuals accessing an overdose prevention site were recruited to participate in preliminary interviews. 16 participants subsequently took photographs to describe the impact of the site and participated in a second round of interviews. Through independent coding and several rounds of team analysis, four themes were proposed to constitute a core narrative encompassing the diverse experiences of participants. ResultsA key message shared by participants was the sense that their lives have improved since accessing the site. The core narrative proposed is presented in a series of four themes or ‘chapters’: Enduring, Accessing Safety, Connecting and Belonging, and Transforming. The chapters follow a series of transitions, revealing a journey that participants presented through their own eyes; one of moving from utter despair to hope, opportunity, and inclusion. Where at the outset participants were simply trying to survive the challenges of chaotic substance use, through the relationships and services provided at the site they moved towards small or large life transformations.ConclusionsThis study contributes to an enhanced understanding of how caring relationships with staff at the overdose prevention site impacted site users’ sense of self. We propose that caring relationships are an intervention in and of themselves, and that these relationships contribute to transformation that extends far beyond the public health outcomes of disease reduction. The caring relationships at the site can be a starting point for significant social changes. However, the micro-environment that existed within the site needs to extend beyond its walls for true transformative change to take place. The marginalization and stigmatization that people who use drugs experience outside these sites remains a constant barrier to achieving stability in their lives.
Integrative Analysis of Histopathological Images and Genomic Data in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Hui , Zeng Hao , Chen Linyan , Liao Qimeng , Ji Jianrui , Ma Xuelei
Published: October 2020

Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the highest morbidity cancers all over the world. Its 5-year survival is no more than 60% even in European countries with the highest survival rates. The histopathological information is crucial for the prognosis and therapy of COAD. Application of the digital whole slide imaging system enables us to read histopathological sections digitally. Apart from that, cancer genomics is also an important prognostic factor.Methods: To identify prognosis biomarkers of COAD, we downloaded whole-slide histopathological images from TCIA database. After processing these images, histopathological features were extracted by CellProfiler. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Support Vector Machine Recursive Feature Elimination were followed applied, screening out 5 prognosis-related features. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was operated to find co-expression gene module correlated with prognosis-related features. The samples were divided into a training set and a testing set on a scale of 70% and 30%. Random forest was applied to construct histopathologic-genomic prognosis factor (HGPF) using prognosis-related features and genomic data. After that, we combined HGPF and clinical characteristics with nomogram and verify its predictive efficacy.Results: The time-dependent ROC was drawn to evaluate the efficacy of prognostic model. In the training set, 1-year, 3-year and 5-year AUCs are respectively 0.948, 0.916, 0.933. In the testing set, 1-year, 3-year and 5-year AUCs are respectively 0.913, 0.894, 0.924. In addition, patients were separated into high-risk survival group and low-risk survival group by HGPF. Survival analysis indicates that the low-risk patients’ survival was significantly better than high-risk patients’ in both training set and testing set. It is suggested that histopathological image features have certain ability to predict COAD survival, which can be further improved by means of multi-omics combination.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study constructs an integrative prognosis model based on histopathological and genomic features, which may have some guidance effect on prognosis and clinical decision of COAD patients. Furthermore, the underlying biological mechanisms of this multi-omics model require further study.
Red and Fallow Deer Determine the Density of Ixodes Ricinus Nymphs Containing Anaplasma Phagocytophilum
Authors: Takumi Katsuhisa , Hofmeester Tim , Sprong Hein
Published: October 2020

Background: The density of Ixodes ricinus nymphs infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum is one of the parameters that determines the risk for humans and domesticated animals to contract anaplasmosis. For this, I. ricinus larvae need to take a blood meal from free-ranging ungulates, which are competent hosts for A. phagocytophilum.Methods: Here, we compared the contribution of four free-ranging ungulate species, red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and wild boar (Sus scrofa) to A. phagocytophilum infections in nymphs. We used a combination of camera and live trapping to quantify the relative availability of vertebrate hosts to questing ticks in nineteen Dutch forest sites. Additionally, we collected questing I. ricinus nymphs and tested these for the presence of A. phagocytophilum. Furthermore, we explored two potential mechanisms that could explain differences between species: 1) differences in larval burden, which we based on data from published studies, and 2) differences in associations with other, non-competent hosts.Results: Principal component analysis indicated that the density of A. phagocytophilum infected nymphs (DIN) was higher in forest sites with high availability of red and fallow deer, and to a lesser degree roe deer. Initial results suggest that these differences are not a result of differences in larval burden, but rather differences in associations with other species or other ecological factors.Conclusions: These results indicate that the risk for contracting anaplasmosis in the Netherlands is likely highest in the few areas where red and fallow deer are present. Future studies are needed to explore the mechanisms behind this association.
Improvement of Water Quality for Mass Anopheline Rearing: Evaluation of the Impact of Ammonia-capturing Zeolite on Larval Development and Adult Phenotypic Quality
Authors: AKPODIETE NWAMAKA OLUCHUKWU , Tripet Frederic
Published: October 2020

BackgroundVector control approaches that rely on mosquito releases such as the sterile insect technique (SIT) and suppression or replacement strategies relying on genetically modified mosquitoes (GMM) depend on effective mass production of Anopheles mosquitoes. For optimal development, Anophelines typically require relatively clean water which can be in short supply in some settings. Water replacement requires complex and onerous continuous-flow-systems and/or expensive water filtration systems like ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis. Thus, there is a need for simple cost-effective water management and treatment solutions. Zeolites are additives that have been extensively applied in fish and crustacean aquaculture to improve water quality because of their selective adsorption of ammonia and toxic heavy metals. The many advantages of zeolites include low cost, abundance in many parts of the world and their environmental friendliness, but so far they have not been exploited for mosquito rearing.MethodsThis study evaluated the independent effects of zeolite and daily water changes (to simulate a continuous flow system) on the rearing of An. coluzzii under two feed regimes (powder or solution feed) and larval densities (200 and 400 larvae per tray). The duration of larval development, adult emergence success and phenotypic quality (body size) were recorded to assess the impact of water treatments on mosquito numbers and phenotypic quality and to identify the optimal feeding regimes and density for zeolite use.ResultsOverall, mosquito emergence, duration of development and adult phenotypic quality was significantly better in treatments with daily water changes. In treatments without daily water changes, zeolite significantly improved water quality at the lower larval rearing density, resulting in higher mosquito emergence. Duration of development was significantly longer in zeolite treatments. At the lower larval rearing density, adult phenotypic quality did not significantly differ between zeolite treatment without water changes and those with daily changes. ConclusionsThese results suggest that treating rearing water with zeolite can improve mosquito production under some conditions, and thus offer a cheaper alternative to more expensive techniques such as ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis, which are often part of continuous water change systems. Further studies are needed to optimize its uses for rearing Anopheles gambiae s.l.
Factors Associated With Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalization in Portugal
Authors: Silva Manuela , Antunes Ana , Azeredo-Lopes Sofia , Loureiro Adriana , Saraceno Benedetto , Caldas-de-Almeida José Miguel , Cardoso Graça
Published: October 2020

BackgroundIdentifying which factors contribute to involuntary psychiatric hospitalization may support initiatives to reduce its frequency. This study examines the sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors associated with involuntary hospitalization of patients from five Portuguese psychiatric departments in 2002, 2007 and 2012.MethodsData from all admissions were extracted from clinical files. A Poisson generalized linear model estimated the association between the number of involuntary hospitalizations per patient in one year and sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors.ResultsMale gender [exp(β̂) = 1.31; 95%CI:1.06-1.62, p<0.05], having secondary and higher education [exp(β̂) = 1.45; 95%CI:1.05-2.01, p<0.05, and exp(β̂) = 1.89; 95%CI:1.38-2.60, p<0.001, respectively], a psychiatric diagnosis of psychosis [exp(β̂) = 2.02; 95%CI:1.59-2.59, p<0.001], and being admitted in 2007 and in 2012 [exp(β̂) = 1.61; 95%CI:1.21-2.16, p<0.01, and exp(β̂) = 1.73; 95%CI:1.31-2.32, p<0.001, respectively] were associated with an increment of involuntary hospitalizations. Being married/cohabitating [exp(β̂) = 0.74; 95%CI:0.56-0.99, p<0.05], having experienced a suicide attempt [exp(β̂) = 0.26; 95%CI:0.15-0.42, p<0.001], and belonging to the catchment area of three of the psychiatric units evaluated [exp(n) =0.65; 95%CI:0.49-0.86, p<0.01, exp(β̂) = 0.67; 95%CI:0.49-0.90, p<0.01, and exp(β̂) = 0.67; 95%CI:0.46-0.96, p<0.05 for Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa and Unidade Local de Saúde do Baixo Alentejo, respectively] were associated with a decrease in involuntary hospitalizations.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that involuntary psychiatric hospitalizations in Portugal are associated with sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors. This information may help to recognize high-risk patients, and to inform the development of better-targeted preventive interventions to reduce these hospitalizations.
Depression: Improving Health Processes and Outcomes Through Implementation Science Research in China
Authors: Premji Shahirose , Tao Fangbiao , Loli-Dano Laura , Ravindran Arun , Zhu Beibei , Wu Xiaoyan , Lu Mengjuan , Shao Shanshan , Dobson Keith , Yamamoto Shelby
Published: October 2020

Despite widespread recognition of the importance of mental health, services for assessment and treatment, in the People’s Republic of China, cannot currently meet the need. In this paper, we discuss the challenges associated with developing and validating evidence-based approaches to depression, including inertia and the need for culturally valued research. The potential role of implementation science is discussed in relation to the need for assessment and treatment of depression, and a recent initiative to fund and foster implementation research is detailed. The potential values of implementation research are highlighted, and several examples of projects are described to detail the scope of such work. We conclude with recommendations for further improvements of funding for mental health research in China. While we recognize several challenges to this initiative, we recommend further implementation science research to help meet the social need of mental health problems.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of the thermophilic lignocellulose-degrading fungus Thielavia terrestris LPH172
Authors: Tõlgo Monika , Hüttner Silvia , Thuy Nguyen Than , Than Vu Nguyen , Larsbrink Johan , Olsson Lisbeth
Published: October 2020

Background: Biomass-degrading enzymes with improved activity and stability can ameliorate substrate saccharification and make biorefineries economically feasible. Filamentous fungi are a rich source of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) for biomass degradation. The newly isolated LPH172 strain of the thermophilic Ascomycete Thielavia terrestris has been shown to possess high xylanase and cellulase activities and tolerate well low pH and high temperatures. Here, we aimed to illuminate the lignocellulose degrading machinery and novel carbohydrate-active enzymes in LPH172 in detail.Results: We sequenced and analysed the 36.6-Mb genome and transcriptome of LPH172 during growth on glucose, cellulose, rice straw, and beechwood xylan. In total, 411 CAZy domains were found among 10,128 predicted genes. Compared to other fungi, auxiliary activity (AA) enzymes were particularly enriched. GC content was higher in coding sequences than in the overall genome. A high GC3 content was hypothesised to contribute to thermophilicity. T. terrestris employed mainly lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 7 glucanases to attack cellulosic substrates, and conventional hemicellulases (GH10 and GH11) to degrade xylan. The observed co-expression and co-upregulation of AA9 LPMOs, other AA CAZymes, and (hemi)cellulases points to a complex and nuanced degradation strategy. Growth on more complex and heterogeneous substrates resulted in a more varied but generally lower gene expression. Conclusions: Our analysis of the genome and transcriptome of T. terrestris LPH172 elucidates the enzyme arsenal the fungus uses to degrade lignocellulosic substrates. The study provides the basis for future characterisation of potential new enzymes for industrial biomass saccharification.
Cell membrane rupture: A novel test reveals significant variations among different brands of tissue culture flasks
Authors: Tchao Ruy
Published: October 2020

Objectives Loss of cytoplasmic molecules including protein controls, due to cell membrane rupture can cause errors and irreproducibility in research data. Previous results have shown that during the washing of a monolayer of cells with a balanced salt solution, the fluid force causes cell membrane rupture on some areas of the flasks/dishes. This fact shows the non-uniformity of the polystyrene surface in terms of cell culture. There is at present no simple test to monitor that surface. This paper presents a novel biologically based assay to determine the degree of heterogeneity of flasks supplied by various manufacturers. Results This paper shows that significant variation exists in polystyrene surface heterogeneity among several brands of tissue culture flasks, varying from 4% to 20% of the flask surface. There is also large variability within the production lot of a manufacturer. The assay method involves loading the cells with a cytoplasmic fluorescent marker that is released upon cell membrane rupture. Cell membrane rupture also causes the loss of marker proteins such as GAPDH used in Westernblots. This novel assay method can be used to monitor the batch consistency and the manufacturing process of flasks/dishes. It may also be used to test new biomaterials.
Development of the ‘REadiness SElf-Assessment (RESEA) Guide’ to assist low and middle-income countries with establishing safe and sustainable radiotherapy services: a pragmatic sequential mixed qualitative methods project
Authors: Donkor Andrew , Luckett Tim , Aranda Sanchia , Vanderpuye Verna , Phillips Jane L
Published: October 2020

Background: Improving access to radiotherapy services in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is challenging. Many LMICs’ radiotherapy initiatives fail because of multi-faceted barriers leading to significant wastage of scarce resources. Supporting LMICs to self-assess their readiness for establishing radiotherapy services will help to improve cancer outcomes by ensuring safe, effective and sustainable evidenced-based cancer care. The aim of the study was to develop practical guidance for LMICs on self-assessing their readiness to establish safe and sustainable radiotherapy services.Methods: The Access to Radiotherapy for Cancer treatment (ARC) Project was a pragmatic sequential mixed qualitative methods design underpinned by the World Health Organisation’s ‘Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework’ and ‘Health System Building Blocks Framework for Action’ conceptual frameworks. This paper reports on the process of overall data integration and meta-inference from previously published components comprising a systematic review and two-part qualitative study (semi-structured interviews and a participant validation process). The meta-inferences enabled a series of radiotherapy readiness self-assessment requirements to be generated, formalised as a REadiness SElf-Assessment (RESEA) Guide’ for use by LMICs.Findings: The meta-inferences identified a large number of factors that acted as facilitators and/or barriers, depending on the situation. ‘Commitment’, ‘cooperation’, ‘capacity’ and ‘catalyst’ were identified as the key domains enabling development of radiotherapy services. Across these four domains, the RESEA Guide included 37 requirements and 120 readiness questions that LMICs need to consider and answer as part of establishing a new radiotherapy service.Conclusions: The RESEA Guide provides a new resource for LMICs to self-assess their capacity to establish safe and sustainable radiotherapy services. Future evaluation of the acceptability and feasibility of the RESEA Guide is needed to inform further refinements.
Memory, Trauma, and the Maternal: Post-Apocalyptic View of the Chernobyl/Chornobyl/Charnobyl Nuclear Disaster
Authors: Chuchvaha Hanna
Published: October 2020

Chornobyl/Chernobyl/Charnobyl has a symbolic meaning for several generations of east Europeans. It is a city that experienced a disastrous nuclear explosion in 1986 that bequeathed a post-apocalyptic landscape and an eloquent demonstration of the Anthropocene. The epistemological crisis for humanity provoked by the Chornobyl nuclear disaster led to the emergence of post-Chornobyl art, an art of acceptance and denial, an art of physical and emotional trauma, an art that symbolized humanity’s responsibility for the future.

This paper focuses on art works produced in the first two decades after the explosion at the Chornobyl nuclear plant. The range of art pieces examined in this paper is diverse, from representational art to conceptual installations. The article is an attempt to analyze the trend of post-Chornobyl art created by witnesses of the tragedy. They are Belarusian and Ukrainian artists for whom Chornobyl epitomizes the point of non-return, the overwhelming tragedy of their people, and the devastation of their land; and for whom Chornobyl is an inverted metaphor of the legitimacy of peaceful atom and the results of the Anthropocene. The paper employs Griselda Pollock’s theoretical approach to trauma and focuses on the art of the maternal created by artists of both genders
The Psychological Consequences of the Holodomor in Ukraine
Authors: Gorbunova Viktoriia , Klymchuk Vitalii
Published: October 2020

The Holodomor (derived from the Ukrainian words “to kill by starvation”) (1932-33) was the largest famine in Ukrainian history. This article presents the results of a psychological study of personal attitudes to Holodomor events and of worldviews and behavioural strategies connected to famine exposure in the family histories of the survey participants. The results of a survey of 721 respondents showed (1) close connections between a respondent’s pattern of keeping silent about traumatic events that occurred during the Holodomor and the extent of suffering that the respondent’s family experienced during the Holodomor, and (2) close connections between the avoidance of Holodomor-related storytelling and a denial and devaluation of Holodomor events within families. The most common family behavioural strategies of descendants of Holodomor victims showed proper feeding, substantial food storage, and regular health check-in. The most common respondent attitudes comprised a distrust of authority, disappointment with the government, and a priority of family needs over community needs.
Reflections on the Republication of Mark von Hagen’s Essay
Authors: Kohut Zenon E.
Published: October 2020

Invited commentary on Mark von Hagen’s "Introduction" to a special issue of the Harriman Review devoted to the Russian-Ukrainian encounter since the end of the Soviet Union (vol. 9, nos. 1-2, Spring 1996, pp. 3-6).
Review of Larysa Olenych, compiler. Iakiv Hnizdovs'kyi: "Zhyttia liudyny—til'ky nedoskonalyi vidblysk ii vlasnoi mrii"; Bibliohrafichnyi pokazhchyk.
Authors: Kin Ostap
Published: October 2020

Book review of Larysa Olenych, compiler. Iakiv Hnizdovs'kyi: “Zhyttia liudyny—til'ky nedoskonalyi vidblysk ii vlasnoi mrii”; Bibliohrafichnyi pokazhchyk [Jacques Hnizdovsky: “The Life of a Human Being Is Just an Imperfect Reflection of Their Own Dreams”; A Bibliographic Guide]. Introduction by Nataliia Sobkovych, Navchal'na knyha—Bohdan, 2015, library.te.ua/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/2016_gnizdowsky.pdf. Rodom z Ukrainy [Born in Ukraine] 9. 189 pp. Illustrations. Index. E-book.
Review of Yuliya V. Ladygina. Bridging East and West: Ol'ha Kobylians'ka, Ukraine’s Pioneering Modernist.
Authors: Krys Svitlana (Lana)
Published: October 2020

Book review of Yuliya V. Ladygina. Bridging East and West: Ol'ha Kobylians'ka, Ukraine’s Pioneering Modernist. U of Toronto P, 2019. xiv, 284 pp. Illustrations. Notes. Works Cited. Index. $63.75, cloth.
Nitrogen Application Modifies the Seed and Oil Yields and Fatty Acid Composition of Nicotiana tabacum
Authors: Lin Yingchao , Kong Dejun , Wang Zhihong , Chen Yi , Yang Zhixiao , Wu Chun , Yang Hui , Chen Lili
Published: October 2020

Tobacco is traditionally an industrial crop that is used for manufacturing cigarettes. However, due to health concerns and global tobacco control movements, alternative uses of tobacco are urgently needed to support tobacco farmers and vendors. Tobacco is also an oilseed crop with an oil yield ranging from 30% to 40 of its dry weight. However, there is still no information on the effects of nitrogen application on tobacco seed yield and seed oil production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of N fertilization (90, 120, 150, and 180 kg·ha−1 N) on the seed yield, oil content, fatty acid composition, and seed germination characteristics of tobacco plants at two locations. The results showed that applying increasing amounts of N to tobacco plants significantly increased their total seed yields and oil content. Nitrogen application also modified the fatty acid composition of the seed oil, as more unsaturated fatty acids were produced under the increasing N application rate treatments than under the control. Moreover, increasing the N application rate generally significantly increased the yields of individual fatty acids as well. Nevertheless, the increased seed oil content and altered fatty acid composition did not affect seed germination traits, as the seed germination potential and rate showed no obvious change among treatments or the control. The height and size of the tobacco plants also increased with the increasing N application rate, which would be beneficial for increasing biomass production for bioenergy. This study shows for the first time the feasibility of increasing the seed and oil yields and modifying the fatty acid composition of tobacco plants by increasing N addition.
Risk factors for refusing to continue medical follow-up by tuberculosis patients detected in the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation
Authors: Lisovskiy S. N. , Turkina E. N. , Sterlikov S. A. , Mikhaylova Yu. V.
Published: October 2020

One of the essential problem sisthelack of continuity of medical follow-up and treatment of tuberculosis patients released from the penitentiary units and transferred tocivilian medical services. Mostly it is due to the fact that patients released from prisons are reluctant to continue medical follow up needed for their disease of tuberculosis or risk of its reactivation.

The objective of the study: to find out the predictors of avoidance behavior in tuberculosis patients released from the penitentiary system of Russia resulting in reluctance to continue medical follow-up.

Subjects and methods. During the case-control study, the information about 75 patients was investigated; those patients were detected in the penitentiary system in the period with 2014 2018 and released by the moment when the study was conducted. Ofthem, 62 referred to TB dispensary to continue follow-up and 13 didn't. The following predictors of the failure to continue medical follow-up were found out: the lackofa regular place of residence or foreign citizen ship; tuberculosis with minimal lesions and the negative result of the sputum test; clinically cured tuberculosis at the moment of release (Group III of dispensary follow-up). The regular place of residence, certain concurrent somatic conditions, and virus hepatites contributed to the willingness of patients to continue follow-up in the civilian medical system including due to tuberculosis.
First report of Paratylenchus lepidus Raski, 1975 associated with green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in Vietnam
Authors: Le Thi Mai Linh , Nguyen Huu Tien , Nguyen Thi Duyen , Trinh Quang Phap
Published: October 2020

The pin nematodes, Paratylenchus spp., are relatively small nematodes that can feed on a wide range of host plants. The morphological identification of this nematode is greatly hampered by their small size and variable characters. This study provides the first report of Paratylenchus lepidus from Vietnam with a combination of morphological and molecular characterizations. The 28S rDNA phylogenetic tree of the genus and the first COI mtDNA barcode of this species are also provided.
POSSIBILIDADES TEÓRICO-PRÁTICAS DA AVALIAÇÃO CURRICULAR PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Holanda Patrícia Helena Carvalho , Leitinho Meirecele Caliope
Published: October 2020

O texto apresenta o trabalho desenvolvido pelo eixo de Pesquisa Avaliação Curricular, vinculado à Linha de Pesquisa Avaliação Educacional do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira da Universidade Federal do Ceará (PPGE/UFC), no período de 2007 a 2013. O referido eixo foi criado com o objetivo de não só formar pesquisadores na área de avaliação curricular, mas, também, de contribuir para a ampliação da teoria na área com base empírica. Para tanto, desenvolveu duas ações de forma integrada: a oferta de uma disciplina chamada Avaliação Curricular e um projeto de pesquisa intitulado Experiências de Avaliação Curricular: possibilidades teórico-práticas. Essas duas ações agregaram professores, orientadores, orientandos do eixo e docentes e técnicos do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará (IFCE), favorecendo a produção científica do período. Como contribuições importantes do eixo supracitado, identificamos uma ampliação do campo teórico-metodológico com base empírica e a formação de avaliadores pesquisadores.
El Estado contra el Estado: el modelo peruano de eliminación de barreras burocráticas como propuesta para el crecimiento económico de países en vías de desarrollo
Authors: Drago Alfaro Mario F. , Zumaeta Castro Fiorella
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo los autores describen el modelo peruano de eliminación de barreras burocráticas y consideran que este se ha convertido en un ejercicio positivo de control interno desde y hacia la propia Administración frente a trabas burocráticas que afectan el crecimiento de un país. Entienden que este modelo puede servir de impulso a otros países en vías de desarrollo para plantear la discusión acerca de la necesidad de buscar mecanismos que incentiven la inversión y la estabilidad económica y legal.
Ley chatarra sobre alimentación saludable
Authors: Sumar A. Oscar
Published: October 2020

En el presente artículo, el Profesor Oscar Súmar, realiza un crítico análisis de la regulación sobre comida chatarra. Analiza cada una de las justificaciones a la norma, y llega a la conclusión que este propósito es “irracional con efectos para todos”.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA SÍFILIS DIAGNOSTICADA A PARTIR DA TECNOLOGIA TESTE RÁPIDO EM SERVIÇO DE REFERÊNCIA NA CAPITAL TERESINA
Authors: Alves Amorim de Sousa Karinna , Niege Meneses Damasceno Alana , Portela de Carvalho Rocha Cristiana , Sena Sousa Luciana , Romulo Leite Furtado Denis , De Sousa e Silva Meire Maria , Gomes Oliveira dos Reis Thais
Published: October 2020

INTRODUÇÃO: A sífilis é uma Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível que atinge mais de 12 milhões de pessoas no mundo e sua eliminação continua a desafiar globalmente os sistemas de saúde. O Brasil, na última década, obteve aumento de notificações de sífilis adquirida. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência da infecção e caracterizar a população diagnosticada com sífilis a partir de teste rápido realizado no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento em Teresina. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, epidemiológico, de corte transversal realizado por meio dos dados disponíveis no SI-CTA (Sistema de informação do CTA), realizado a partir de levantamento dos registros da população atendida no serviço durante o ano de 2018. RESULTADOS: Foram atendidas 6.664 pessoas que realizaram teste rápido de sífilis, das quais 1.083 tiveram o diagnóstico confirmatório da doença, ocasionando uma prevalência de sífilis foi 16,25%. Sendo 77% no sexo masculino e 23% no feminino. Predominância entre pardos autorreferidos (51%), idade entre 18 a 28 anos (39%), solteiros (67%), com escolaridade entre 8 a 11 anos de estudo (56%). Em relação ao comportamento de risco, 62% realizava o teste pela primeira vez. Quanto à prática sexual, 59% afirmaram ter de um a cinco parceiros sexuais no último ano, apenas 6% relataram sempre usar preservativos, 27% afirmaram não usar camisinha por confiar no parceiro. O uso de álcool/drogas foi relatado por 57%. A maioria da população atendida foi de homossexuais (52%), exposição sexual de risco foi relatada por 44%. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência encontrada justifica necessidade de ampliação do acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento oportuno nas unidades básicas de saúde ou outros serviços com a implantação do teste rápido. O estudo possibilita deduzir a importância do CTA, pois agrega experiência com população mais vulnerável à sífilis, podendo ser referência para serviços na promoção de campanhas educativas e de detecção de casos.

 

Palavras-Chave: Sífilis. Sorodiagnóstico da sífilis. Epidemiologia.
LEVANTAMENTO EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO HIV/AIDS NO MUNICÍPIO DE PARNAÍBA-PI, BRASIL, 1990-2018
Authors: Coelho de Resende Dias Francisco Irisvan , Lima Mascarenhas Diniz Cláudia , Sambuichi Rafael , Soares da Silva Lucélia , De Sousa Nogueira Francisco Jander , Ângelo Ventura Cláudio
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico de HIV/AIDS no município de Parnaíba-PI, no período de 1980-2018. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, tipo seccional, realizado a partir de dados notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), declarados no Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade (SIM). Resultados: Foram registrados 354 casos da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS) no município. Acerca da variável raça/cor, pode-se observar uma maior prevalência de registros na população parda 61,5% (N=134) seguida da raça branca 12,4% (N=27). Em relação à escolaridade evidenciou-se o nível fundamental incompleto 36,2% (N=79). Outro fator relevante diz respeito ao número de gestantes cerca de 12% (N=15) das mulheres da amostra. Acerca dos óbitos por AIDS, entre os anos de 1996 a 2018 foram registrados o número total de 28% (N=96) no período. Conclusão: O estudo permitiu discussões sobre o perfil epidemiológico de HIV/AIDS no município de Parnaíba-PI, concluiu-se a necessidade de avanços nas políticas públicas voltadas para esse público, como a melhoria da qualificação desses indicadores, investimento na qualificação dos profissionais, para que haja redução da morbimortalidade por esse agravo.
UTILIZAÇÃO DE FERRAMENTA ESTRATÉGICA NO CONTROLE DE ESTOQUE EM UNIDADES DE ALIMENTAÇÃO E NUTRIÇÃO
Authors: Giselle Gomes de Araújo Andressa , Pereira da Silva Franciane , Isabelly Monteiro dos Anjos Antônia , Karin Dantas de Azevêdo Letícia , Silva Bezerra Mariana
Published: October 2020

Introdução: Há diferentes tipos de ferramentas para controle de estoque e ter um bom controle irá garantir um melhor resultado financeiro e qualidade dos produtos armazenados dentro de um estabelecimento. O gerenciamento desse estoque pode ser realizado de maneira efetiva com o sistema de custeio ABC, pois é um método eficaz e de baixo custo de aplicação. Objetivo: Elaborar e analisar a curva ABC de duas Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição de um órgão federal situadas no Rio Grande do Norte, comparando-as de acordo com seu porte. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa enquadrada em estudo de caso com delineamento descritivo, recorte transversal e abordagem quantitativa realizada em dois Restaurantes Universitários. Para a obtenção dos dados, houve a necessidade da análise dos cardápios planejados para desjejum, almoço e jantar de todos os dias da semana de ambas as entidades. Realizou-se a coleta de todos os dados necessários e elaborou-se a curva ABC referente ao Restaurante 1 e 2 no Excel. Resultados: A partir da análise dos cardápios fornecidos pelas empresas, tornou-se possível a identificação de 198 gêneros alimentícios presentes no estoque do Restaurante 1 e 111 gêneros alimentícios presentes no estoque do Restaurante 2. O 1 Categoria A: 79,72% (aproximadamente 31 itens); Categoria B: 15,18% (aproximadamente 49 itens); Categoria C: 5,09% (aproximadamente 118 itens). No 2 Categoria A: 79,73% (aproximadamente 36 itens); Categoria B: 15,21% (aproximadamente 36 itens); Categoria C: 5,06% (aproximadamente 39 itens). Conclusões: A pesquisa permitiu o entendimento de que para o gerenciamento adequado de unidades de alimentação é necessário um controle de custos eficiente, o qual necessita da aplicação de sistemas de análise sobre as informações gerenciais disponibilizadas, como a curva ABC.

Palavras-Chave: Eficiência; Recursos; Serviços de Alimentação; Sistema de custos.
O PROCESSO DE TRABALHO DAS EQUIPES DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA ANTES E APÓS ADESÃO DO PROGRAMA NACIONAL DE MELHORIA DO ACESSO E DA QUALIDADE DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Correia Alisson , Françoíse de Macêdo Faustino Santiago Adla , Adailton da Silva Jose , Helena Pires Araújo Barbosa Maria
Published: October 2020

Introdução: Com o intuito de ampliar o acesso e a qualidade da atenção básica, o Ministério da Saúde lança o Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade na Atenção Básica PMAQ-AB, um sistema de avaliação organizado em três fases distintas, conectado ao incremento de recursos para a Atenção Básica que visa estruturar o processo de trabalho dos profissionais que atuam nesse nível de atenção. Objetivo: Identificar, na percepção dos profissionais da Atenção Básica, as mudanças produzidas no seu processo de trabalho após a implantação do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica-PMAQ/AB. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, em um município do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os participantes do estudo foram os profissionais de nível superior da atenção básica. Utilizou-se da técnica de grupo focal e os dados analisados quanto ao conteúdo. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Ciências da saúde do Trairi - FACISA, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte–UFRN.  Resultados: Na percepção dos profissionais a implantação do PMAQ aconteceu sem a participação dos mesmos. Poucos participantes relatam ter reuniões com a equipe para discutir o processo de trabalho e melhoria dos indicadores, mas, reconhecem que o PMAQ promoveu mudanças na organização das ações. Como desafios identificou-se alcançar os indicadores que o Programa preconiza, especialmente o monitoramento e avaliação. Foi identificado como avanço os livros de registros e como retrocessos a falta de atualização para os profissionais, além de autoavaliarem a saúde bucal frágil. Conclusões: O PMAQ é importante para a melhoria da atenção básica no SUS; a gestão necessita favorecer o apoio às equipes com gestão participativa, fornecer aperfeiçoamento aos profissionais da ESF, empoderar os trabalhadores para que possam participar como sujeitos ativos na construção de um modelo de gestão participativa.

Palavras-Chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Planejamento em saúde; Saúde pública.
ALTERAÇÃO DE FORMA DENTÁRIA COM RESINA DIRETA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: da Nóbrega Dias Joselúcia , Mainny Diógenes Veras Iasmim , Castillo Dutra Borges Boniek , Karine Cardoso Guimarães de Carvalho Lilian , Vieira de Assunção Isauremi
Published: October 2020

Introdução: A melhoria da qualidade dos materiais restauradores odontológicos, sobretudo das resinas compostas permitiu a resolução de diversos problemas estéticos de forma conservadora, rápida e satisfatória. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetivou relatar um caso clínico de alteração de forma dos dentes anteriores, solucionado com resina composta pela técnica direta. Descrição do Caso: A paciente apresentava incisivos laterais ovalados e restauração classe IV insatisfatória no incisivo central superior direito. Foram realizadas reanatomizações estéticas com resina composta direta nos elementos 12, 11, 21 e 22, além da substituição da restauração classe IV. Conclusões: Uma boa seleção do material e aplicação correta da técnica, permitem restaurações imperceptíveis, com excelente nível de texturização, acabamento e polimento, devolvendo a harmonia do sorriso.
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA PREVISÃO DA DEMANDA POR SERVIÇOS ODONTOLÓGICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Tatim Farhat Lorena , Gomes Coelho Ana Luísa , Ribeiro Carvalho Deborah
Published: October 2020

Introdução: No Brasil, há disparidades em relação à oferta e à demanda por serviços odontológicos. Objetivo: O estudo buscou identificar, na literatura, as estratégias utilizadas para previsão da demanda por esses serviços. Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa conduzida de acordo com o método PRISMA. A expressão de busca (((forecast* OR “prediction” OR “prevision”) AND (“demand” OR trend*) AND (“dental services”))) foi aplicada em campos determinados para os repositórios Scopus Elsevier, Pubmed, BVS e IEEE Xplore.  Resultados: As estratégias empregadas foram categorizadas conforme a temporalidade e o instrumento empregado no estudo. Foram selecionados 31 documentos, cujos resultados alcançados foram arranjados conforme a dependência da colaboração do paciente, a procedência de auto avaliações, o direcionamento a um grupo populacional ou demanda específica, e a relação com o setor público, privado ou ambos. As estratégias identificadas foram: estudos de temporalidade transversal em que o instrumento foi a aplicação de questionário; estudos de temporalidade transversal nos quais o instrumento foi a observação; e estudo de temporalidade longitudinal onde o instrumento foi a aplicação de questionário. Conclusões: A partir da exploração das estratégias identificadas na literatura foi demonstrada uma lacuna do conhecimento na esfera nacional. A análise dos artigos incluídos nessa revisão apresentou características desejáveis das avaliações da demanda por serviços odontológicos.