bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Априорные оценки локального разрывного метода Галеркина на разнесенных сетках
для решения уравнения параболического типа в рамках однородной задачи Дирихле
Authors: Жалнин Руслан Викторович , Zhalnin Ruslan V. , Масягин Виктор Федорович , Masyagin Victor Fedorovich , Пескова Елизавета Евгеньевна , Peskova Elizaveta Evgenievna , Тишкин Владимир Федорович , Tishkin Vladimir Fedorovich
Published: April 2020

Представлены априорные оценки точности решения однородной краевой задачи для параболического уравнения с помощью локального метода Галеркина с разрывными базисными функциями на разнесенных сетках. Дискретизация по пространству строится с помощью обращения к смешанной конечно-элементной формулировке. Производные второго порядка не могут быть согласованы напрямую в слабой вариационной формулировке, используя пространство разрывных функций. Для понижения порядка компоненты вектора потока рассматриваются как вспомогательные неизвестные искомого уравнения второго порядка. Аппроксимация строится на разнесенных сетках. Основная сетка состоит из треугольников, двойственная сетка состоит из медианных контрольных объемов вокруг узлов треугольной сетки. Аппроксимация искомой функции строится на ячейках основной сетки, в то время как аппроксимация вспомогательных неизвестных строится на ячейках двойственной сетки. Для вычисления потоков на границе между элементами используется стабилизирующий параметр. При этом поток искомой функции не зависит от вспомогательных функций, в то время как поток вспомогательных величин зависит от искомой функции. Для решения поставленной задачи в работе формулируются и доказываются необходимые леммы. В результате сформулирована и доказана основная теорема, результатом которой являются априорные оценки при решении параболического уравнения с помощью метода Галеркина с разрывными базисными функциями. Основную роль при анализе сходимости играет оценка для отрицательной нормы градиента. В работе для стабилизирующего параметра порядка $1$ показано, что порядок сходимости будет $k+{1}/{2}$, а в случае использования стабилизирующего параметра порядка $h^{-1}$ порядок сходимости увеличивается до $k+1$, когда в качестве базиса используются полиномы степени не выше $k$.
Prototyp eines zweisprachigen Internetwörterbuchs für DaF
Authors: Hollós Zita
Published: April 2020

This article gives an insight into a newly developed prototype of an online, bilingual learner’s dictionary. The first part of the article describes the lexicographic praxis of free accessible online German-Hungarian dictionaries. We will focus on some online bilingual dictionaries (PONS, dict.cc and Glosbe), which feature some relevant technical improvements in the field of the collaborative lexicography with German and Hungarian. The second part presents innovative features of this online learner’s dictionary focusing on the aspects of dynamism and integration from a learner’s perspective. We also provide concrete figures of the new developed reference work. The solutions found for the integration of corpora and new online lexical resources in the electronic version of a particular part of the corpus- and data-based bilingual syntagmatic learner’s dictionary SZÓKAPTÁR/KOLLEX (2014) are presented by means of concrete examples. Illustrated by commented screenshots, this paper provides an impression on the web design and functioning of this online learner’s dictionary.
Plädoyer für die Entwicklung einer digital-lexikografischen Kompetenz im Fremdsprachenunterricht
Authors: Meliss Meike , Vicente María Egido , Méndez Manuel Fernández
Published: April 2020

The aim of this paper is to promote an explicit and active development of digital-lexicographical competence in foreign language teaching. The results of two online surveys conducted as part of the research project DICONALE-COMBIDIGILEX in connection with the teaching and learning process of German as a foreign language (= DaF) provide a comparative insight into the behaviour and attitude of both teachers and learners of DaF on the topic “Use of lexicographical resources in the process of DaF-acquisition”. The evaluation of the surveys shows, that the digital-lexicographical competences in the process of DaF-acquisition must be promoted more intensively, since the existing lexicographic offer is not optimally used for teaching purposes both on the part of the teachers and on the part of the learners. To this end, the following three main lexicographical competences will be examined from a methodological-didactic and application-oriented perspective: (i) Adequate selection of the electronic resource regarding the communicative situation, (ii) development of disambiguation strategies for reception in L2 or translation from L2 and (iii) development of strategies for production and translation into L2. This research will ultimately lead to a debate on the use of the dictionary in the digital environment in the DaF-teaching and discuss its actual influence on the learning process.

Dieser Beitrag ist im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts COMBIDIGILEX entstanden (MINECO – FEDER: FFI2015-64476-P: „Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad“: Modalität 1), welches an der Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (Spanien) verortet ist. Die AutorInnnen dieses Beitrages sind Mitglieder des Forschungsteams [Unter: ; letzter Zugriff: 15. 05. 2018]. Außerdem besteht eine direkte Verbindung zu dem lexikografischen Forschungsnetzwerk RELEX (2016–2018: Xunta de Galicia: ED431DR 2016/06) [Unter: ; letzter Zugriff: 15. 05. 2018].
Expanding the data distribution structure
Authors: Gouws Rufus H.
Published: April 2020

The transition from printed to online dictionaries demands a re-assessment of and adaptations to dictionary structures. This paper focuses on some aspects of the data distribution structure and the different search positions in dictionaries that can accommodate lexicographic data. It is shown that the traditional search positions should be increased. A dictionary as a whole can be regarded as a search region and a dictionary portal as a search domain. The emergence of dictionary portals compels lexicographers to expand the data distribution structure. The occurrence of dictionaries within a dictionary portal that contains different search regions necessitates the notion of a comprehensive data distribution structure. Further research is needed to investigate the interactive relation between a comprehensive data distribution structure and the access and mediostructure of a dictionary.
Hemmende und fördernde Faktoren im Gründungsprozess der Familiengenossenschaft Nordeifel-Euskirchen
Authors: Hillebrandt Marius , Blome-Drees Johannes
Published: April 2020

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die empirischen Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Fallstudie zum Gründungsprozess einer Familiengenossenschaft vorgestellt. Anhand der Untersuchung der Gründung der Familiengenossenschaft Nordeifel-Euskirchen wird dargelegt, welche Bedingungen die Errichtung neuer Familiengenossenschaften fördern bzw. hemmen können. Dabei widmet sich der Beitrag insbesondere der Tatsache, dass die Familiengenossenschaft Nordeifel-Euskirchen als regionale Zweigniederlassung der bereits bestehenden Familiengenossenschaft Münsterland eG gegründet wurde.
Apprendre à écrire "pour de vrai" de la 3e maternelle à la 2e primaire : les ateliers d'écriture aident-ils les jeunes enfants à développer leurs compétences en production d'écrits?
Authors: De Croix Séverine , André Marine , Dachet Dylan , Dumont Anouk , Libion Morgane , Schillings Patricia , Schillings Patricia
Published: April 2020

Cet article est consacré à l’analyse des effets de deux dispositifs d’ateliers d’écriture sur les compétences relatives à l’encodage des mots de 127 élèves issus de vingt-deux classes de l’enseignement fondamental belge. Les analyses statistiques menées ont permis de mettre en évidence un effet positif significatif sur l’ensemble des indicateurs observés (nombre de mots produits, concept de phrase, segmentation, nature des mots, valeur sonore des lettres et correspondances graphophonologiques). Les résultats font également apparaitre une réduction des écarts entre les élèves sur certains de ces indicateurs.
Appropriation différenciée de la démarche des cercles d’auteurs par quatre enseignantes du primaire
Authors: Tremblay Ophélie , Turgeon Elaine , Gagnon Brigitte
Published: April 2020

Dans cet article, nous présentons les résultats d’une recherche-action visant à documenter la mise en œuvre des cercles d’auteurs en classe. Nous décrivons les pratiques différenciées de quatre enseignantes du primaire participant à la recherche, en nous appuyant sur l’analyse de pratiques déclarées lors de deux années de mise à l’essai des cercles d’auteurs  (entrevues, partages de pratiques, fiches de compte-rendu de pratiques). Les résultats recueillis nous conduisent à montrer la pertinence des cercles d’auteurs comme approche d’enseignement de l’écriture en illustrant comment celle-ci entraine des changements de pratiques, au service du développement de la compétence à écrire des élèves.
Topological Data Analysis Reveals Robust Alterations in the Whole-Brain and Frontal Lobe Functional Connectomes in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Gracia-Tabuenca Zeus , Díaz-Patiño Juan Carlos , Arelio Isaac , Alcauter Sarael
Published: April 2020

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulty to control the own behavior. Neuroimaging studies have related ADHD with the interplay of fronto-parietal attention systems with the default mode network (DMN; Castellanos and Aoki, 2016). However, some results have been inconsistent, potentially due to methodological differences in the analytical strategies when defining the brain functional network, i.e., the functional connectivity threshold and/or the brain parcellation scheme. Here, we make use of topological data analysis (TDA) to explore the brain connectome as a function of the filtration value (i.e., the connectivity threshold), instead of using a static connectivity threshold. Specifically, we characterized the transition from all nodes being isolated to being connected into a single component as a function of the filtration value. We explored the utility of such a method to identify differences between 81 children with ADHD (45 male, age: 7.26–17.61 years old) and 96 typically developing children (TDC; 59 male, age: 7.17–17.96 years old), using a public dataset of resting state (rs)fMRI in human subjects. Results were highly congruent when using four different brain segmentations (atlases), and exhibited significant differences for the brain topology of children with ADHD, both at the whole-brain network and the functional subnetwork levels, particularly involving the frontal lobe and the DMN. Therefore, this is a solid approach that complements connectomics-related methods and may contribute to identify the neurophysio-pathology of ADHD.
Brown tumor of the iliac crest initially misdiagnosed as a giant cell tumor of the bone
Authors: Hamidi S , Mottard S , Berthiaume M J , Doyon J , Bégin M J , Bondaz L
Published: April 2020

Brown tumors (BTs) are expansile osteolytic lesions complicating severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Clinical, radiological and histological features of BTs share many similarities with other giant cell-containing lesions of the bone, which can make their diagnosis challenging. We report the case of a 32-year-old man in whom an aggressive osteolytic lesion of the iliac crest was initially diagnosed as a giant cell tumor by biopsy. The patient was scheduled for surgical curettage, with a course of neoadjuvant denosumab. Routine biochemical workup prior to denosumab administration incidentally revealed high serum calcium levels. The patient was diagnosed with PHPT and a parathyroid adenoma was identified. In light of these findings, histological slices of the iliac lesion were reviewed and diagnosis of a BT was confirmed. Follow-up CT-scans performed 2 and 7 months after parathyroidectomy showed regression and re-ossification of the bone lesion. The aim of this case report is to underline the importance of distinguishing BTs from other giant cell-containing lesions of the bone and to highlight the relevance of measuring serum calcium as part of the initial evaluation of osteolytic bone lesions. This can have a major impact on patients’ management and can prevent unnecessary invasive surgical interventions.

Learning points:

Although rare, brown tumors should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic giant cell-containing bone lesions.

Among giant cell-containing lesions of the bone, the main differential diagnoses of brown tumors are giant cell tumors and aneurysmal bone cysts.

Clinical, radiological and histological characteristics can be non-discriminating between brown tumors and giant cell tumors. One of the best ways to distinguish these two diagnoses appears to be through biochemical workup.

Differentiating brown tumors from giant cell tumors and aneurysmal bone cysts is crucial in order to ensure better patient care and prevent unnecessary morbid surgical interventions.
Combined Multistage Linear Genomic Selection Indices To Predict the Net Genetic Merit in Plant Breeding
Authors: Cerón-Rojas J Jesus , Crossa Jose
Published: April 2020

A combined multistage linear genomic selection index (CMLGSI) is a linear combination of phenotypic and genomic estimated breeding values useful for predicting the individual net genetic merit, which in turn is a linear combination of the true unobservable breeding values of the traits weighted by their respective economic values. The CMLGSI is a cost-saving strategy for improving multiple traits because the breeder does not need to measure all traits at each stage. The optimum (OCMLGSI) and decorrelated (DCMLGSI) indices are the main CMLGSIs. Whereas the OCMLGSI takes into consideration the index correlation values among stages, the DCMLGSI imposes the restriction that the index correlation values among stages be zero. Using real and simulated datasets, we compared the efficiency of both indices in a two-stage context. The criteria we applied to compare the efficiency of both indices were that the total selection response of each index must be lower than or equal to the single-stage combined linear genomic selection index (CLGSI) response and that the correlation of each index with the net genetic merit should be maximum. Using four different total proportions for the real dataset, the estimated total OCMLGSI and DCMLGSI responses explained 97.5% and 90%, respectively, of the estimated single-stage CLGSI selection response. In addition, at stage two, the estimated correlations of the OCMLGSI and the DCMLGSI with the net genetic merit were 0.84 and 0.63, respectively. We found similar results for the simulated datasets. Thus, we recommend using the OCMLGSI when performing multistage selection.
Application of Low Coverage Genotyping by Sequencing in Selectively Bred Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus)
Authors: Palaiokostas Christos , Clarke Shannon M , Jeuthe Henrik , Brauning Rudiger , Bilton Timothy P , Dodds Ken G , McEwan John C , De Koning Dirk-Jan
Published: April 2020

Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is a species of high economic value for the aquaculture industry, and of high ecological value due to its Holarctic distribution in both marine and freshwater environments. Novel genome sequencing approaches enable the study of population and quantitative genetic parameters even on species with limited or no prior genomic resources. Low coverage genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was applied in a selected strain of Arctic charr in Sweden originating from a landlocked freshwater population. For the needs of the current study, animals from year classes 2013 (171 animals, parental population) and 2017 (759 animals; 13 full sib families) were used as a template for identifying genome wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). GBS libraries were constructed using the PstI and MspI restriction enzymes. Approximately 14.5K SNPs passed quality control and were used for estimating a genomic relationship matrix. Thereafter a wide range of analyses were conducted in order to gain insights regarding genetic diversity and investigate the efficiency of the genomic information for parentage assignment and breeding value estimation. Heterozygosity estimates for both year classes suggested a slight excess of heterozygotes. Furthermore, FST estimates among the families of year class 2017 ranged between 0.009 – 0.066. Principal components analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) were applied aiming to identify the existence of genetic clusters among the studied population. Results obtained were in accordance with pedigree records allowing the identification of individual families. Additionally, DNA parentage verification was performed, with results in accordance with the pedigree records with the exception of a putative dam where full sib genotypes suggested a potential recording error. Breeding value estimation for juvenile growth through the usage of the estimated genomic relationship matrix clearly outperformed the pedigree equivalent in terms of prediction accuracy (0.51 opposed to 0.31). Overall, low coverage GBS has proven to be a cost-effective genotyping platform that is expected to boost the selection efficiency of the Arctic charr breeding program.
An Image of a Person with an Autism Spectrum Disorder in Popular Literature (on the Example of the Hero of Jodi Picoult's Novel “House Rules”)
Authors: Senderska Joanna
Published: April 2020

In this article, the case of eighteen-year-old Jacob Hunt, the main character of Jodi Picoult’s book entitled House Rules (W naszym domu in Polish translation) is discussed. Jacob is an example of a literary character with features similar to those of people with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). He suffers from Asperger syndrome, which belongs to ASD (autism spectrum disorder). That is why he finds it difficult to develop communication skills, which translates into disturbed communication. The disturbances involve difficulties in acquiring and applying social rules as well as having specific narrow interests. The author of this article points out the linguistic, as well as non-linguistic behaviour of the protagonist, which are specific for autism spectrum disorder. She also draws attention to the role that popular literature plays in creating the image of people with ASD and in popularizing information about this disorder.
Characteristics of the Qur'anic Manuscript from Menoreh Magelang
Authors: Asna Hanifatul
Published: April 2020

This article focuses on Quranic manuscripts that are believed to be attributed to Prince Diponegoro. This Quranic manuscript stored in Magelang and was brought by Prince Diponegoro during the Java War (1825-1830 AD), which he led. Previous researchers have studied Prince Diponegoro’as a religious figure, but no one has examined Quranic manuscripts that credited to his legacy. Through the Philology approach, this paper shows authentic Quranic manuscripts originating from the time of Prince Diponegoro's life. Illumination with Javanese floral style in the manuscript has similarities with the Quranic manuscript collection of the Pura Pakualaman museum with a watermark that shows paper production around 1823-1824 AD. The content of the manuscript strengthened the data on the use of Imla'i rasm, and reading symbols in the Manuscripts shows the characteristics of the development of Qur'anic science in the 19th century.
Conceptualizar América Latina Hoy
Authors: Torres Esteban , Juan Pablo Gonnet
Published: April 2020

El propósito del presente dossier es el de aportar a la conceptualización de la sociedad contemporánea desde y a partir de América Latina. Un objetivo de este tipo, evidentemente, escapa a los alcances de nuestros trabajos y sus modestos aportes. Sin embargo, esta ambición configura el horizonte de sentido en el que se inscriben los artículos que tenemos el agrado de compartirles, y desde ella, pretendemos que los mismos sean leídos, discutidos, interrogados y criticados. En este espacio nos gustaría precisar sumariamente aquello que se encuentra contenido en este objetivo general que enmarca nuestras “aproximaciones” a la cuestión de los “capitalismos y Estados en América Latina”.
Creativity as a Form of Creation of Information Epoch
Authors: Kostiuk Alisa
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the categories "creativity" and "creativity" in the context of modern society. The main resource in the modern era is the knowledge of the individual, his ability to creative activity. In turn, the increasing role of knowledge and information leads to an emphasis on the creative nature of activities, which are now associated with the process of individual self-realization and the study of favorable conditions for creativity. The author explores the process of transformation of creative activity, which involves the problem of simulations and determines the nature and content of this activity. The problem of simulative creativity turns into an alienation of creativity as a special way of human existence. In a simulated reality of the information society, the author characterizes a new form of creativity with the term "creativity". The study of existing approaches to the distinction between creativity and creativity leads to the definition of creativity as a form of creativity of the modern information age. The content of the concept of "creativity" corresponds to the conditions of modern society where the transformation of creative activity takes place. Creativity is a kind of "response" to the "challenge" of the information society regarding creativity. The information age opens up wide scope for creative self-realization but at the same time it sets the task for a person to form certain methods, which he could use to actualize himself as a creative person that meets the needs of the era. The new "challenge" of society is, according to the author, the return of the process of determining importance in creative activity, because focus on results turns into a depreciation of the process. A "response" to this "challenge" will mean a transition from creativity to creativity at a higher level, which is possible in the context of addressing the concept of "active life".
Scientific Review of the Phenomenon of “Urban Identity” in Modern Foreign Studies
Authors: Ozerina Anna , Timofeeva Tatiana
Published: April 2020

Being a trend of our times, urbanization of city areas has affected not only transformation of the territorial identity, but also personal identity. The article raises the problem of interaction between the man and the city and the problem of city identity on the whole which is of great urgency and interest for contemporary society. The work provides the overview of foreign research aimed at understanding the nature of the phenomenon of city identity. As a result, the overview showed: a variety of terms ("place identity", "urban identity", "identity in landscape", "city identity", "urban place identity", "local identity", "city brand identity", "regional identity", "territorial identity", "community identity" and others) which help to describe processes of interdependence between the city and the man; authors' attempts to hierarchically structure these notions; the necessity to study this phenomenon by using both methodology of a particular scientific area and interdisciplinary approaches; controversy in defining the notion of urban identity; importance in relation to the need for developing brands of modern cities without loss of their historic and socio-cultural uniqueness. Characteristic aspects of the study of the phenomenon from the point of view of various approaches are shown. Two main lines for studying the nature of the phenomenon of urban identity have been defined: the first one is that the identity belongs to the city or geographical place, the other one says that the identity belongs to the person living in a particular area. The authors consider information and communication policy as an integrative way unleashing new opportunities for organizing theoretical-empirical analysis of this phenomenon. Strategies for further study of the issues relating to urban identity have been formulated: 1) analysis of national surveys on the problem; 2) defining and detailing of the research vocabulary for this phenomenon; 3) preparation and carrying out the research in the context of the region.
Welfare of Children as a Modern Social Problem
Authors: Besschetnova Oksana
Published: April 2020

The category of "well-being" has been the subject of a number of humanities for many centuries, the determining factors of which at different times were the state, society, morality, and personal characteristics of individuals. Currently, well-being is considered as a multifactorial construct, which includes a complex of social, economic, cultural, psychological and physical factors; subjective well-being is interpreted through the prism of an individual's assessment of quality and satisfaction of life, the achievement of pleasure, happiness, and success in various spheres. In order to study and measure the well-being in the country and in the world, a number of indices have been developed, including income, life expectancy, education, population literacy, health, safety, etc. This article focuses on the need of a systematic study of children's well-being in Russia, the development of tools, and annual monitoring with the mandatory reflection of its results in open media. Based on the systematization and analysis of statistical information, the author highlighted the following main indicators of children's well-being, illustrating the most acute problems in the field of modern childhood: the poverty level of families with children; the access to education; physical / mental health; destructive behaviors / risks; relationship with family members and friends.
Automatic Flood Detection in Multi-Temporal Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery Using ANN Algorithms
Authors: Nallapareddy Anusha , Balakrishnan Bharathi
Published: April 2020

Natural Calamities like floods cause wide-range of damage to human existence as well as substructures. For automatic extraction of flooded area in multi-temporal satellite imagery acquired by Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), this paper presents two neural network algorithms: Feed-Forward Neural Network, Cascade-forward back-propagation neural network. This work currently focuses on Uttar Pradesh in India, which was affected due to floods during August 2017. The two models are trained, validated and tested using MATLAB R2018b. The models are first trained using a variety of input data until the percentage of error with respect to water body detection is within an acceptable error limit. These models are then used to extract the water features effectively and to detect the flooded regions. Finally, flood area is calculated in sq. km in during flood and post-flood imagery using these algorithms. The results thus obtained are compared with that from the binary thresholding method from previous studies. The results show that the Feed- Forward Neural Network gives better accuracy than the Cascade-forward back propagation neural network. Based on the promising results, the proposed method may assist in our understanding of the role of machine learning in disaster detection.
Dynamic Expert System-Based Geographically Adapted Malware Risk Evaluation Method
Authors: Vitkus Donatas , Jezukevičiūtė Justina , Goranin Nikolaj
Published: April 2020

Fast development of information systems and technologies while providing new opportunities for people and organizations also make them more vulnerable at the same time. Information security risk assessment helps to identify weak points and preparing mitigation actions. The analysis of expert systems has shown that rule-based expert systems are universal, and because of that can be considered as a proper solution for the task of risk assessment automation. But to assess information security risks quickly and accurately, it is necessary to process a large amount of data about newly discovered vulnerabilities or threats, to reflect regional and industry specific information, making the traditional approach of knowledge base formation for expert system problematic. This work presents a novel method for an automated expert systems knowledge base formation based on the integration of data on regional malware distribution from Cyberthreat real-time map providing current information on newly discovered threats. In our work we collect the necessary information from the web sites in an automated way, that can be later used in a relevant risk calculation. This paper presents method implementation, which includes not only knowledge base formation but also the development of the prototype of an expert system. It was created using the JESS expert system shell. Information security risk evaluation was performed according to OWASP risk assessment methodology, taking into account the location of the organization and prevalent malware in that area.
The effects of reduced paste volume in Portland limestone cement concrete
Authors: Chung Hung-Wen , Subgranon Thanachart , Tia Mang , DeFord Harvey , Armenteros Jose
Published: April 2020

In Portland cement concrete, a high content of cementitious materials can cause early cracking. This study investigated the effects of minimised paste volume in structural concrete made with Portland limestone cement and blended aggregates (BA). The effects of using different types of cement and paste volumes were compared. It was found that concrete made using type IL cement (containing 14% limestone powder) showed comparable performance to concrete made with type I/II cement. Based on the results of laboratory testing and numerical modelling, the performance of concretes with different paste volumes was evaluated. The results showed that the paste volume could be reduced by around 27% without affecting the properties of the concrete. Using the BS technique, the paste volume could be further reduced by 24%. Concrete mixes prepared using the BA technique were found to have better potential performance than the reference concrete. It was concluded that the use of type IL cement and BA can effectively reduce the initial cost and carbon dioxide emissions of structural concrete without loss of performance.
Weltgeist. Hegel in Israel, China und Lateinamerika
Authors: Lapidot Elad , Xian Gang , Giusti Miguel
Published: April 2020

In diesen Tagen erscheint im Verlag «Resling» in Tel Aviv die erste hebräische Übersetzung von Hegels Phänomenologie des Geistes. Die Arbeit am ersten Band dauerte ungefähr zwölf Jahre. Roi Bar und ich übersetzten gemeinsam, einmal die Woche, immer Sonntag Nachmittags, in meinem Wohnzimmer in Berlin. Ins Hebräische wurde Hegel also 15 Gehminuten von seinem Lehrstuhl, 25 von seinem Grab im Dorotheenstädtischen Friedhof entfernt, durch israelische Migranten übertragen.
Logik eines Satzes
Authors: Kaube Jürgen
Published: April 2020

Behauptet ein Philosoph, alles fließe, wird das nicht als Übertreibung behandelt, sondern es finden nachdenkliche Deutungsversuche statt. Ephesos liegt am Meer, und irgendwie fließt ja zumindest sehr vieles. «Auch der Himmel, auch die Berge, auch der Philosoph selber?», versetzt allerdings ein anderer. Womöglich jedoch war gar nicht das Fließen, sondern die anfängliche All-Behauptung das philosophisch Interessante: «Weshalb wurde die Welt denn nicht etwa als Vielheit gedeutet.» Und außerdem war die Philosophie noch ganz jung und also entweder frisch und tief oder unausgebildet, als so formuliert wurde. Behauptet ein weiterer Philosoph, als sie schon sehr viel älter war, die Welt sei alles – schon wieder alles –, was der Fall sei, sind Mit- und Nachwelt zumindest erleichtert. Zum Glück nämlich lässt sich so einem bedeutenden, freilich in weiten Teilen sehr spröden Werk, in dem sich auch so schwierige Sätze finden wie «Immer kann man die Logik so auffassen, daß jeder Satz sein eigener Beweis ist», wenigstens eine zwischen Tiefsinn, Banalität und religiöser Metaphorik – der Fall Adams! – changierende, vor allem aber zitierbare Sentenz entnehmen.
Warum jetzt Hegel lesen
Authors: Butler Judith
Published: April 2020

Warum jetzt Hegel lesen?», fragen wir uns. Und vom ersten Moment an gibt uns diese Frage weitere Fragen auf: Wie sollen wir Hegel lesen? Ist er überhaupt lesbar, und wenn, dann unter welchen Bedingungen? Wir sind auch aufgefordert, das darin enthaltene «jetzt» zu verstehen, das gewiss nicht dasselbe «Jetzt» ist, in dem Hegel vor über 200 Jahren schrieb. Überhaupt ist das «Jetzt» ein philosophisches und historisches Problem, das uns eine ganze Weile beschäftigen könnte. Hegel behandelt dieses Problem in der Phänomenologie des Geistes: Das Jetzt ist genau der Augenblick, in dem «das Jetzt» vergeht und zu einem Gewesenen wird. Sobald ich «jetzt» sage, um auf dieses Jetzt zu verweisen, sage ich schon die Unwahrheit, denn das Jetzt ist in dem Augen-blick, in dem ich mich darauf beziehe, schon vergangen, und die Zeit der Benennung ist per se eine ganz andere.
DENKBILD: Phänomenologie der Geister
Authors: Heinke Johannes
Published: April 2020

«Es gibt nichts auf der Welt, was so unsichtbar wäre wie Denkmäler», hat der Schriftsteller Robert Musil 1927 einmal ironisch formuliert: «Es geht vielen Menschen selbst mit überlebensgroßen Standbildern so. Man muß ihnen täglich ausweichen oder kann ihren Sockel als Schutzinsel benutzen, man bedient sich ihrer als Kompaß oder Distanzmesser, wenn man ihrem wohlbekannten Platz zustrebt, man empfindet sie gleich einem Baum als Teil der Straßenkulisse und würde augenblicklich verwirrt stehen bleiben, wenn sie eines Morgens fehlen sollten: aber man sieht sie nie an und besitzt gewöhnlich nicht die leiseste Ahnung davon, wen sie darstellen, außer daß man vielleicht weiß, ob es ein Mann oder eine Frau ist.»
Towards predicting the buckling and crushing strength of graded SA pine with high slenderness ratios
Authors: Burdzik W M G , Skorpen S
Published: April 2020

There is an apparent increase in failure of timber truss web members or compression chords. This paper seeks to reassess buckling of the compression chords with specific focus on web members. There are two possibilities for the seemingly lower buckling strength of web members, namely that the mean modulus of elasticity is a poor predictor of buckling strength where knots and other local changes in stiffness are concerned, and secondly that the actual crushing strength of the timber is lower than the design values. This paper will investigate both of these possibilities in order to achieve a safer approach to the design of timber compression members.
New in the Legislation on Conciliation Procedures in Russia: Judicial Conciliation and Mediation
Authors: Arkhipkina Anastasiya S. , Arkhipkin Igor V. , Dyachuk Marianna I.
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the major changes in the Russian legislation on conciliation procedures that took place in 2019. The article focuses on a comparative analysis of the process and content of judicial conciliation and mediation, as well as the requirements for mediators in disputes settlement. Assessing the prospects for the development of the abovementioned conciliation procedures, the authors come to the conclusion about vivid advantages of judicial reconciliation, while noting that introduction of the concept of a “multi door courthouse”, if successfully implemented, can contribute to the development of other alternative ways of disputes settlement
RATIONAL NATURE MANAGEMENT AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERIPHERAL URBAN AREAS OF SAMARA
Authors: Zhogoleva Anna Vladimirovna , Polukeeva Tatyana Sergeevna
Published: April 2020

World urban development practice pays more and more attention to the problem of rational use of land from the point of view of maximally preserving their natural uniqueness. This issue is particularly relevant in an urbanized environment. As cities rapidly grow, the degree of degradation of existing natural resources is increasing. Territories with a complex natural topography (ravines, mountains, caves, slopes), natural water bodies (rivers, lakes), forest lands in conditions of intensive urbanization are of high ecological, recreational, and health-related importance. It is a valuable urban development resource for the modern city. The tasks of its conservation, sustainable development, and use are urgent for the district planning, urban regulation and design. The author dwells upon the Krasnoglinsky district in Samara to make an attempt to analyze the features of the development of the regional territory, identify its urban resources, formulate the prerequisites for their competent development and rational nature management.
INTERPRETATION OF ARCHITECTURAL WORKS
Authors: Orlov Dmitry Nikolaevich , Orlova Natalia Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2020

The work is devoted to the problem of architectural form as a method of communication. A special role in this process is given to the context as the source and basis of the semantic field that forms the content and way of reading the signs contained in the architectural form. The role of interpretation in the process of translating impressions from the direct, index perception of architecture is shown. The conclusion from the proposed arguments is the need for an external field of values in relation to the local context. The complexity of the communication process in the current situation consists in the loss of this generalizing macro-language.
Large elastic-plastic deformation of square membranes subjected to localised pulse pressure loads
Authors: Mehreganian N. , Fallah A. S. , Louca L. A.
Published: April 2020

Ductile isotropic materials are widely used in protective systems against transient pulse pressure loads, such as those of localised blasts. This is due to the combined elastic-plastic response which contributes to dissipation of total impulse from extensive loading as the energy stored elastically limits deformation while the energy expended plastically limits the level of transferred forces in the structure. In the case of thin, modern armour graded steel plates, the tailored metallurgy helps the structure store energy within the bounds of elastic region, which may be dissipated at a later stage as damping kills it off in subsequent cycles. On the other hand, the plastic work is almost entirely converted to heat and dissipates.

The present work focuses on the elastic and plastic energies in the membrane and aims at deducing, from the minimization of Föppl-Von-Kármán (FVK) energy functional combined with enforcing the constitutive relations of limit analysis, the dynamic elastic-plastic response of localised blast loaded square membranes undergoing large deformations. The presumed blast load function is a multiplicative decomposition of a prescribed continuous piecewise smooth spatial function and an arbitrary temporal function which may assume various temporal shapes (e.g. rectangular, linear, exponential).

Considering the elastic response, a single-degree-of-freedom model was developed from the prescribed displacement field and associated stress tensor having clamped and simply supported boundary conditions. The explicit closed form solutions were sought by using the Ritz-Galerkin’s variational method as well as the Poincaré-Lindstedt perturbation method. The theoretical solutions of rigid-perfectly plastic square membranes subjected to the same blast scenarios were then discussed. From the combined effects we deduce the load displacement curves representing the trajectory of the nonlinear elastic-perfectly plastic structure.
Pure bending of strip (beam) with the arbitrarily oriented cross-cutting crack
Authors: Opanasovych V. K. , Slobodyan M. S. , Bilash O. V.
Published: April 2020

The problem of pure bending of strip (beam) with transverse rectilinear crack, edges of which are free from acuter load, is investigated in this paper. Under bending moment its edges may not contact or smoothly contact throughout its area length or part. Dependently on where it is located.Using methods of theory of functions of complex variable and complex potentials the problem at issue has been reduced to the problems of linear conjugation, their analytical solution is found. Explicit expressions on complex potentials is written. Based on the energy criterion of destruction stress intensity factors are determined. Limit value of moment when the crack begins to propagate is found. For the case when crack edges partially contact, area length of contact of her edges is determined. Numerical analysis of critical moment of failure of strip (beams) is performed under various parameters of the problem, which are related to the mechanical state of crack. The corresponding graphic dependencies are constructed.
Ecosystem processes in the area of the Tomsk water intake
Authors: Kopysov Sergey , Eliseev Artem , Chernova Natalya , Klimova Nina , Dyukarev Anatoly , Pats Elena
Published: April 2020

The influence of the Tomsk water intake on the ecosystems of the Ob-Tomsk interfluve is studied. It is revealed that the exploitation of the underground water field for almost 50 years has led to the transformation of the natural environment as a result of changes in the hydrological regime in the aeration zone. The most significant changes were observed in hydromorphic ecosystems located in the area of the first stage of water intake, which is associated with both the longest exposure and the feature of the lithological structure. Here and conducted another series of studies, ongoing since 2000, the estimation of the ecosystem assessment and moisture ecotopia phytoindication method. To reconstruct phytocenoses that existed before drying (before 2000), a Botanical analysis of the upper layers of peat was performed. The dependence of changes in the hydrological regime of ecotopes on the dynamics of groundwater levels associated with the operation of the Tomsk water intake against the background of cyclical climate variability is noted. The main changes in the water regime on the territory of the Ob-Tomsky interfluve occurred at the first stages of the water intake operation and the formation of a depression funnel in the area of the first stage, before the beginning of our research in 2000. Currently, the transformation processes have slowed down and there is a stable functioning of ecosystems in the new conditions of humidification, established at a more or less constant level, in accordance with the reduced volumes of water intake. Hydroclimatic calculations for the river basin. Poros have shown that the volume of groundwater renewal in the Ob-Tomsky interfluve exceeds the current volume of water abstraction, which excludes or significantly slows down the further transformation of ecosystems.
Book Review: Mitchell, C., De Lange, N., & Moletsane, R. (2017). Participatory Visual Methodologies: Social change, community and policy.
Authors: Garcia Silvia C
Published: April 2020

Mitchell, De Lange and Moletsane (2017) discuss the use of participatory visual research (PVR) to give voice to those involved in research and particularly to create opportunities for social change. Social change is characterized in different ways “new conversations and dialogues, altered perspectives of participants to take action, policy debates, and actual policy development” (p.16). The book intends to shift the conversation on PVR “towards outcomes and the ever-present question “What difference does it make?” (p.3). Both the ways social change is portrayed in the book, and the positioning that researchers, research participants, the community and policy makers take as audiences reflecting on the visual productions, are crucial to understand how PVR can stimulate social transformations.
Indiana University’s First Community-Engaged Research Conference
Authors: Goeller Ann Nicole
Published: April 2020

In November 2019, local community representatives joined in discussions about engaged research with students, staff, faculty, and administrators from IU’s Northwest, East, Bloomington, Columbus and IUPUI campuses. Attendees from other universities included Ball State and the University of Michigan.
Agarwood in the forest community and its potential depletion in West Papua
Authors: Destri Destri , Mutaqien Zaenal , Rozak Andes Hamuraby
Published: April 2020

Agarwood or eaglewood is a trading name of a solid resin from the two genera Aquilaria and Gyrinops which belongs to the Thymeleacea. The declining population of agarwood in natural forests placed the commodity regulated in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). Indonesia as one of the habitats of those two genera and also the main exporting country of agarwood has an interest in ensuring the sustainability of agarwood. This study aims to provide an updated habitat of agarwood-producing trees and to estimate the potential density of the agarwood species. Research conducted in the forest of Natural Tourism Park of Beriat, West Papua, showed that Aquilaria filaria grows well in the forest. Five adult individuals were found in karst forest where 72% were dominated by small trees (DBH <20 cm). In terms of forest communities, Aquilaria's basal area reaches 1.9% of the total basal area and has a low importance value of 0.016 in the first dimension of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The overall potential for agarwood-producing trees was estimated to be only around 2.50 and 2.89 for tree and seedling per hectare, respectively. The potential density is decreased when compared to the estimated density carried out 20 years ago which was estimated at around 4.33 trees per hectare. Efforts to protect agarwood, one of which is by determining trade quotas, need to be carried out optimally in order to minimize the decline in agarwood populations in their natural forests.
Implementation of Pentahelix Collaboration Model in the Development of Government Institution’s Potency as General Services Agency
Authors: Wisudayati Tri Astuti , Hidayat Dian Charity , Hendarto Kresno Agus
Published: April 2020

The maturity of the R&D institutions through Public Service Agency (BLU) is an effort to increase the relevance in responding stakeholder needs. BLU is present as a solution for R&D institutions in providing goods and/or services that are sold based on the principles of efficiency and productivity. However, the strategic plan for the BLU formation is prepared by submitting a substantive, a technical and an administrative requirement. Therefore, this research facilitates the submission of these requirements through the Pentahelix Collaboration Model, which is the optimization of 5 (five) roles: business, government/management, community, researchers and media by implementing the roadmap at the Forest Tree Seed Technology Research and Development Center. The case study steps to improve all the roles conditions was by adapting Kurt Lewin's action research into 4 (four) stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The role of the business unit is emphasized on market differentiation and business strategy by considering an opportunity to increase revenue realization/financial forecasting ratio. The role of management is emphasized on budget flexibility and remuneration by considering cost accounting and its unit cost calculations. The role of the community is emphasized on the conducive policies by accommodating stakeholders’ need. The role of the researcher is emphasized on the innovation of forest seed’s products/services by improving service quality and managing it with corporate style principles. The role of the media is emphasized on the professionalism of human resources by considering the community satisfaction index.