bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A POSSIBILIDADE DE REDUÇÃO DA MULTA COERCITIVA COM FUNDAMENTO NO DUTY TO MITIGATE THE LOSS
Authors: Lima Caroline Melchiades Salvadego Guimarães de Souza , Marquesi Roberto Wagner
Published: August 2018

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a teoria do duty to mitigate the loss e a sua aplicação no âmbito do direito processual civil brasileiro, com especial análise acerca da multa coercitiva, utilizando-se o método dedutivo e interpretativo por meio análise doutrinária, legislativa e principalmente jurisprudencial. Consoante a referida teoria, que advém do princípio da boa-fé objetiva, o credor deve mitigar o seu próprio prejuízo, nesse aspecto, em um cenário em que o credor se mantém inerte objetivando majorar a multa, há evidente abuso de direito. Destaca-se, portanto, a necessidade de questionar qual a consequência e implicação quando comprovada tal situação e qual o posicionamento adotado pelo judiciário, exaurindo-se assim a problemática do presente artigo, justamente por se tratar de recente aplicação no ordenamento jurídico e ainda não existir um posicionamento pacífico entre os Tribunais de Justiça, contribuindo assim com estudos para melhor correlacionar os temas expostos e demonstrar a aplicabilidade do duty to mitigate the loss ao processo civil
Joshua R. Farris and S. Mark Hamilton. Idealism and Christian Theology
Authors: Fakhri Omar
Published: August 2018

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Irena Backus. Leibniz: Protestant Theologian
Authors: Murray Samuel
Published: August 2018

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Terence Cuneo. Ritualized Faith: Essays on the Philosophy of Liturgy
Authors: Baber H. E.
Published: August 2018

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Mark Mattes. Martin Luther’s Theology of Beauty: A Reappraisal
Authors: Green Lance
Published: August 2018

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David E. Alexander and Daniel Johnson, eds. Calvinism and the Problem of Evil
Authors: Turner P. Roger
Published: August 2018

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T. J. Mawson. God and the Meanings of Life: What God Could and Couldn’t Do to Make Our Lives More Meaningful
Authors: Goetz Stewart
Published: August 2018

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Thomas Joseph White. The Incarnate Lord: A Thomistic Study in Christology
Authors: Pawl Timothy
Published: August 2018

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What influences contracture formation in lower motor neuron disorders, severity of denervation or residual muscle function? An analysis of the elbow contracture in 100 children with unilateral Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Authors: van der Sluijs J. A. , van der Sluijs M. J. , van de Bunt F. , van Ouwerkerk W. J. R.
Published: August 2018

Purpose

As in other neuromuscular disorders, both denervation and muscle paresis/imbalance are implicated as aetiological factors for contractures in children with a Brachial Plexus Birth Injury (BPBI). Although both factors are related, it is unclear which factor is dominant. The aim of this study is to assess whether contracture formation in children is predominantly related to denervation or to residual muscle function/imbalance. This might be relevant for understanding contracture formation in other neuromuscular disorders.

Methods

A total of 100 children (61 boys; mean age 10.4 years, 4 to 18) with unilateral BPBI were included in this cross-sectional study. Severity of the denervation was classified according to Narakas. Muscle function of flexors and extensors of both elbows was measured (in Newtons) using a hand-held dynamometer and flexion contractures were measured with a goniometer. The relation between denervation, muscle function/muscle balance and flexion contracture was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

Of the children, 57 were Narakas class I, 13 class II and 30 class III. Mean flexion contracture was 25° (90° to −5°). At the affected side the forearm flexion force was 47% and extension force was 67% of the force of the unaffected side. Contractures were more severe in children with higher Narakas classifications (p = 0.001), after neurosurgery (Mann-Whitney U test, p = 0.009) and were related to age (Spearman's Rho = −0.3, p = 0.008) and to paresis of the extensors (Rho = 0.4, p = 0.000). Flexor paresis as a percentage of unaffected side (Rho = 0.06, p = 0.6) and muscle balance had no influence.

Conclusion

In BPBI, elbow contractures are related to the severity of the neurological lesion, not to residual muscle function.

Level of evidence

Level II – prognostic study
Triceps on, alignment off? A comparison of total elbow arthroplasty component positioning with a triceps-on and a triceps-off approach
Authors: King A , Booker SJ , Thomas WJ , Smith CD
Published: August 2018

Introduction

This retrospective review investigates whether the triceps-on approach obtains alignment of total elbow arthroplasty implants equivalent to a triceps-off approach.

Methods

The last 30 consecutive total elbow arthroplasties performed by the senior author were reviewed to identify the approach used and pathology treated. Initially, a triceps split and reflection approach was used, then a triceps-preserving approach. Two blinded reviewers measured the component alignment in standardised radiographs. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to investigate inter/intra-observer and error. The two groups were compared using an unpaired Student t-test.

Results

There were 13 elbows in the triceps-off group and 17 in the triceps-on group. Pearson’s coefficient was 0.75 for interobserver error, 0.89 for intra-observer error. There was no statistical difference between the achieved alignment. All ulna components were flexed with a mean angle deviation of 4.5 degrees in the triceps-off group and 5.7 degrees in the triceps on. Two (15%) ulna components in the triceps-off group were placed in over 5 degrees of flexion, compared with seven (44%) in the triceps-on group.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate no statistical difference in the achieved alignment between the two groups. Surgeons should beware of the tendency to place the ulna component in a flexed position, especially in the triceps-on approach.
The incidence of stoma related morbidity – a systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Malik TAM , Lee MJ , Harikrishnan AB
Published: August 2018

Introduction

Several stoma related complications can occur following ileostomy or colostomy formation. The reported incidence of these conditions varies widely in the literature. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials reporting the incidence of stoma related complications in adults was performed to provide the most comprehensive summary of existing data.

Methods

PubMed, CINAHL® (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) and the Cochrane Library were searched for trials assessing the incidence of complications in adults undergoing conventional stoma formation. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers and entered into SPSS® for statistical analysis. The Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing risk of bias was used to critically appraise each study. Cochran’s Q statistic and the I2 statistic were used to measure the level of heterogeneity between studies.

Results

Overall, 18 trials were included, involving 1,009 patients. The incidence of stoma related complications ranged from 2.9% to 81.1%. Peristomal skin complications and parastomal hernia were the most common complications. End colostomy had the highest incidence of morbidity, followed by loop colostomy and loop ileostomy. There were no trials involving patients with end ileostomy. There was a high level of detection bias and heterogeneity between studies.

Conclusions

This systematic review has summarised the best available evidence concerning the incidence of stoma related morbidity. The high level of heterogeneity between studies has limited the accuracy with which the true incidence of each stoma related complication can be reported. Large, multicentre trials investigating homogenous participant populations are therefore required.
Bariatric fellowship positively influences early outcomes for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery over seven years of independent practice
Authors: Ilczyszyn A , Lynn W , Rasheed S , Davids J , Aguilo R , Agrawal S
Published: August 2018

Introduction

Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is technically demanding and has an associated learning curve. We published previously that bariatric fellowship reduces the learning curve of primary LRYGB and improves patient outcomes after one year of independent practice. However, the long-term effect of fellowship is unknown. We therefore aimed to compare the 30-day outcomes of LRYGB between the first year of a surgeon’s independent practice with the subsequent six years.

Materials and methods

A prospective database of patients undergoing primary LRYGB under a single surgeon from March 2010 until February 2017 was analysed. Two groups were studied: first year (< 1 year) and the subsequent six years (≥ 1 year) of independent practice. Patient demographics, length of hospital stay, conversion to open surgery, perioperative complications and mortality were compared.

Results

Among 279 eligible patients, 74 (26.5%) were in the < 1 year group and 205 (73.5%) in ≥ 1 year group. The preoperative risk scores, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, P = 0.00; obesity surgery mortality risk score (OS-MRS), P = 0.04) were significantly higher in ≥ 1 year group. There was no significant difference in perioperative outcomes (length of stay, P = 0.38; total complications, P = 0.20; readmissions, P = 1.00; reoperations, P = 0.60) between the two groups.

Conclusions

Bariatric fellowship reduces the learning curve for LRYGB and helps to achieve excellent outcomes in the first and subsequent years of independent practice. The higher risk profile of ≥ 1 year group did not equate to an increase in complications, suggesting that experience and standardisation may help in handling complex cases. To our knowledge, this represents the only such study in the literature.
A five-year follow-up observational study of the T-14 paediatric throat disorders outcome measure in tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Konieczny KM , Pitts-Tucker TN , Biggs TC , Pringle MB
Published: August 2018

Introduction

The T-14 questionnaire is a validated outcome measurement tool to assess the value of paediatric tonsillectomy from a parent’s perspective. There is a paucity of data regarding the long-term postoperative effects of tonsillectomy on quality of life in the paediatric population. Our previous study assessed T-14 scores up to year 2 postoperatively, with this study extending follow-up to 5 years.

Materials and methods

We undertook a prospective uncontrolled observational study examining 54 paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy at Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust. Parents of children undergoing surgery were invited to complete a T-14 questionnaire preoperatively, as well as at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and now 5 years postoperatively.

Results

In total, 44 of 54 patients completed questionnaires preoperatively and at all postoperative time points, with 46 being completed at 5 years. There was a highly significant (P < 0.001) difference between the preoperative scores and all other measured T-14 scores postoperatively. The mean score preoperatively was 33.3 compared with 1.0 at 5 years.

Conclusions

This is the first study to assess long-term quality of life following paediatric tonsillectomy using the T-14 questionnaire. The benefits of tonsillectomy on long-term quality of life further confirms its value within the paediatric population.
Mediastinal herniation of the biliary tract leading to bile duct obstruction following oesophagectomy
Authors: Laliotis A , Hettiarachchi T , Rashid F , Hindmarsh A , Sujendran V
Published: August 2018

Surgical management of oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junction malignancies is one of the most challenging situations confronting the surgeon. Attaining a complete circumferential resection margin of lower-third oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junction locally advanced carcinomas requires en-bloc resection of the hiatus and all the peri-oesophageal tissue and pleura. This results in an increased risk of herniation of the abdominal organs through the enlarged hiatus, which carries significant risk of morbidity and mortality.

The incidence of this complication is higher than has been reported. Surgical management of symptomatic hernias is the standard treatment while criteria for managing asymptomatic hernias are less clear. We report a rare case of a late mediastinal herniation of the pancreas and bile duct, leading to obstructive jaundice following oesophagectomy which was treated successfully in our unit.
Fighting carbon dioxide or fighting humans?: The ideological fault lines underlying two climate change frames
Authors: Moernaut Renée , Mast Jelle
Published: August 2018

Our collective future largely depends on the ways in which we frame climate change. It is argued, however, that the dominant frames are only superficially environmental and keep reproducing the (anthropocentric) hegemonic ideology. Real change, contrariwise, requires ideological transformation (biocentrism). As one frame can promote various ideologies, familiar frames like ‘Cycles of Nature’ or ‘Environmental Justice’ can provide convenient contexts for hegemonic struggles. However, little is known yet about the nature of the hegemonic and counter-hegemonic ‘subframes’. Therefore, we have conducted a qualitative framing analysis on a corpus of Belgian mainstream and alternative news articles. The results demonstrate the strong similarities among the two exemplary frames and striking contrasts within the frames. The anthropocentric ‘subframes’ foreground an external fight with a largely external enemy (carbon dioxide). The biocentric ‘subframes’ highlight internal problems within human society. However, being quantitatively and qualitatively underdeveloped, the latter still lack the potency to truly inspire. Hence, they require further (collaborative) scrutiny and development.
Cultural memory in its spatio-narrative-augmented reality
Authors: Moira Maria , Makris Dimitrios
Published: August 2018

This interdisciplinary article proposes a framework for the employment of augmented reality (AR), informed by spatio-narrative data drawn from literary texts on the basis of architectural elements, as a means of remediation that can provide rich opportunities for a creative re-contextualization of narrative contents within the urban space, thus reinforcing cultural memory as part of the collective memory. The article focuses on the dynamic of literary texts in visitor/inhabitant engagement with the cultural memory of a specific urban tissue. It then proceeds to present the theoretical background on the notions of urban space, cultural memory, collective memory, narrative theory and spatialization, before discussing the capabilities of AR applications in expressing aspects of cultural memory and enhancing the role of spatialization in the understanding of cultural memory. Finally, in a case study, the first part of the proposed framework is implemented on Heraklion, Crete, an insular metropolis of the Eastern Mediterranean. The relevant spatio-narrative elements of cultural memory are drawn from eight literary texts by six native writers, generating eight distinct conceptual maps of the city to be utilized by the AR medium.
A Native American ‘playing Indian’: Internal colonization in professional wrestling rhetoric
Authors: Black Jason Edward , Harrison Vernon Ray
Published: August 2018

This article focuses on the tension extant in the ways in which Tatanka, a Native American wrestler (person), assumes the identity of another tribesperson (persona) to generate both economic and social capital. We address Tatanka’s narrative as an example of internal colonization and commodification, given that he had to ‘play Indian’ to pass as an authentic Native American. We discuss these two critical concepts and then provide some analysis of the public fragments that surround Tatanka’s narrative.
Difficulty as heaviness: Links between rhythmic difficulty and perceived heaviness in the music of Meshuggah and The Dillinger Escape Plan
Authors: Hannan Calder
Published: August 2018

In this article I examine the nature and meaning of two different types of rhythmic difficulty – extreme metric malleability and non-metricism – in examples taken from the music of Meshuggah and The Dillinger Escape Plan, respectively. While the two bands have different rhythmic styles that create distinct rhythmic difficulties, I claim that in both examples the rhythmic difficulty enhances ‘heaviness’ through various enactments of sonic metaphors for size, weight, density, power, transgression and seriousness, characterizing the creation of rhythmic difficulty as simultaneously a transgressive practice that deforms metal’s technical boundaries and one that fundamentally reaffirms metal’s most central aesthetic.
Kerrang! magazine and the representation of heavy metal masculinities (1981–95)
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: August 2018

Metal magazines have been shown to play a significant role in communicating and shaping heavy metal culture. And, since the masculinist nature of heavy metal is perhaps its most discussed and agreed upon feature, scholars have argued that heavy metal magazines also reproduce masculine hegemony. Focussing on cover images from Kerrang! magazine, this study utilizes a mixed methods approach to examine how heavy metal masculinities are represented over an extended number of issues (from 1981 to 1995). Utilizing existing scholarship on heavy metal magazines and drawing on celebrity identification theory, I argue that many of the prevailing studies that discuss heavy metal masculinities are essentially flawed in their reliance upon particular traits. Instead I show the ways that media images can come to both reproduce and resist masculine gender norms in the context of heavy metal culture. By considering how representations are formed over an extended period and in relation to particular heavy metal icons, I show that certain arguments and assumptions about masculinity and male privilege in heavy metal culture are oversimplified.
‘Negeri Seribu Bangsa’: Musical hybridization in contemporary Indonesian death metal
Authors: Lee Dennis William
Published: August 2018

Despite its origins as a hybrid genre, death metal is often subject to discourses of purity, and the inclusion of diverse influences is not always looked upon favourably. Indonesian death metal bands, however, often combine elements of different styles ranging from traditional Indonesian musics to contemporary global popular genres, revealing an incorporative approach typical of modern Indonesian musical practices. This article explores musical hybridization in Indonesian death metal using the band Siksakubur as a case study, examining the ways they negotiate relationships with the overlapping contexts of death metal as a global genre, Indonesian death metal as a localized phenomenon and popular music in postcolonial/post-Soeharto Indonesia. Throughout, I consider the implications of these practices on postcolonial theories of cultural hybridity.
Classical idiom and compositional structure in Gorguts’s Pleiades’ Dust
Authors: Vanek Gabrielle
Published: August 2018

Gorguts’s May 2016 EP, Pleiades’ Dust, is a one-movement work reminiscent of the tone/symphonic poem found more often in classical tradition, due to its content and compositional structure. My research explores how the compositional techniques found in the piece, specifically the use of a recurring theme and varied metric structure, reflect the narrative of the House of Wisdom. I believe that these techniques were used intentionally by the band, specifically by main songwriter Luc Lemay. Lemay has said in the past that he often does not use his compositional training when writing for Gorguts, but when writing for Pleiades’ Dust he consciously sought to incorporate classical idiom. This article is adapted from a lecture given on 2 December 2016 at the Extreme Music: Hearing and Nothingness Conference at the University of Southern Denmark – Odense.
Peran Sistem Skoring Hematologi dalam Diagnosis Awal Sepsis Neonatorum Awitan Dini
Authors: Adriani Ranti , Yantri Eny , Mariko Rinang
Published: August 2018

Latar belakang. Sepsis neonatorum awitan dini (SNAD) merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada neonatus. Adanya gejala klinis yang tidak spesifik dan keterbatasan sarana pemeriksaan penunjang masih merupakan masalah dalam diagnosis sepsis. Sistem skoring hematologi (SSH) dapat digunakan sebagai metode deteksi awal SNAD. Tujuan. Mengetahui apakah sistem skoring hematologi (SSH) dapat digunakan dalam diagnosis awal SNAD.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dan uji diagnostik pada bayi dengan risiko dan diduga sepsis neonatorum awitan dini yang dirawat di NICU/Perinatologi RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang dari bulan Oktober 2016 hingga Juni 2017. Diagnosis sepsis ditegakkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan biakan darah. Sistem skoring hematologi terdiri delapan parameter hematologis.Hasil. Subjek penelitian 78 pasien, terdiri dari tidak sepsis 30 orang (38%) sepsis klinis 28 orang (36%) dan terbukti sepsis 20 orang (26%). Nilai SSH tidak sepsis lebih rendah dari kelompok sepsis klinis dan terbukti sepsis. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna nilai SSH kelompok terbukti sepsis dan sepsis klinis. Nilai SSH ≥2 memiliki nilai sensitifitas 100%, spesifitas 25,8 % dalam mendiagnosis sepsis (bakteremia ) pada bayi dengan dugaan SNAD. Kesimpulan. Sistem skoring hematologi ini dapat digunakan sebagai metode deteksi awal sepsis neonatorum awitan dini, terutama di rumah sakit dengan sarana pemeriksaan penunjang terbatas.
The Impact of Learning Model and Classroom Management on Children’s SelfRegulation (An Experimental Research on Group B Kindergarten in Banten, 2017)
Authors: Wulan Sri , Santoso Soegeng , Akbar Ma’ruf
Published: August 2018

This research aimed to find out the impact of learning model and classroom management on the self-regulation of fiveto-six-year-old children of Group B Kindergarten in Banten in 2017. It used research method of factorial design 2X2 to explain the difference of children’s self-regulation who got the treatment of learning model and classroom
management. The research results: 1) there was an impact of learning model on self-regulation, 2) there was an impact of classroom management on self-regulation, 3) there was an interaction impact between learning model and classroom management on self-regulation, 4) children who were in the center-based classroom management and learned with learning cycle model had higher self-regulation than children who learned with scientific approach model, 5) children who learned with learning cycle model and were in the center-based classroom management had higher selfregulation than children who were in group classroom management. The implication of the research is that combining learning cycle model and center-based classroom management will support the success of the self-regulation development, which is the main provision of the early childhood school readiness.
The Impact of Language Skills on Immigrants’ Labor Market Integration: A Brief Revision With a New Approach
Authors: Schuss Eric
Published: August 2018

I examine the impact of language skills on immigrants’ labor market performance by applying a new approach, which allows to estimate wage benefits attributed to initial language skills at arrival. By exploiting unique data, I isolate the endogenous part of current German skills and instrument current command by German proficiency measured retrospectively at the point in time of migration. This approach tackles the problem that labor market effects from current language skills are at risk to reflect merely the sum of a successful residence in Germany and only display growth effects. I find that a good command of German increases labor market income by 47.0% for males, while no significant language effects are detected for females. Further analyses illustrate that differences in language effects by gender can be attributed to selection into different occupations and part-time employments and that language operates complementary and enables cross-border transferability of human capital.
Reflexive subjects: Exploring the narrative habitus of self-aware interviewees
Authors: Mülli Linda Martina
Published: August 2018

The notion of ‘self-aware interviewees' contains two features that emerged when studying early career professionals in the United Nations headquarters in Geneva and Vienna. First, it entails considerations on the researcher's positionality vis-à-vis the ‘reflexive subjects' encountered in the field. It also considers the benefit of ‘para-ethnographic sensibilities' and the related re-negotiation of the relationship informant-ethnographer. Second, it addresses the narrative habitus encountered among UN neophytes. This paper ultimately states that analyzing the self-aware interviewees' (auto-)narrations implies reflections on power relations in a particular research setting.
Crystal structure of poly[(μ2-2-carboxy-5-nitroisophthalato-κ2
O:O′)-(μ2-4-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)pyridine-κ2
N:N′)zinc(II)], C18H12N4O8Zn
Authors: Hong Dong-Feng , Guo Wen-Bo , Yin Wei-Dong
Published: August 2018

C18H12N4O8Zn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5472(6) Å, b = 21.1662(10) Å, c = 9.6909(6) Å, β = 110.525(7)°, V = 1834.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0371, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0809, T = 291.2(3) K.
Wet-peel: a tool for comparing wet-strength resins
Authors: Yang Dong , DiFlavio John-Louis , Gustafsson Emil , Pelton Robert
Published: August 2018

We propose that a testing procedure we call wet-peel significantly augments conventional wet paper testing when comparing wet-strength resin efficacy or the influence wood pulp fiber surface treatments on wet paper strength. A thin layer of wet-strength resin is sandwiched between a pair of thin, wet regenerated cellulose membranes to form a laminate, which is a physical model for fiber-fiber joints in paper. In the wet-peel method, the ninety-degree wet-delamination force gives a direct measure of adhesion in the wet cellulose-cellulose joint. Wet-peel measurements offer: 1) comparisons of wet-strength polymers at the same content of polymer in the laminate joint without the influences of varying fines contents, formation or paper density; 2) measurements of both the wet-strength of cured, dried joints, and the strength of never-dried joints (i. e. analogous to wet-web strength); 3) demonstrations of the influence of fiber surface chemistry modifications including oxidation and the presence of firmly bound polymers; and, 4) the evaluation of more exotic joint structures including layer-by-layer assemblies, microgels and colloidal polyelectrolyte complexes.
Rail Funding and Financing
Authors: Casullo Lorenzo
Published: August 2018

Funding and financing arrangements for railway infrastructure in Europe are often perceived as complex and opaque. Given the large sums of public money involved, greater transparency on inputs and outputs is required. This paper aims to present an overview of rail infrastructure funding and financing in Europe based on recent evidence, and draws comparisons with the systems in the US and Japan. We also discuss a number of policy options to address the funding gap and ensure that European railways improve their financial viability and remain strong pillars of sustainable mobility in the future.
Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Loading on Muscle Properties, Strength, Power, and Speed in Resistance-Trained Rugby Players
Authors: Douglas Jamie , Pearson Simon , Ross Angus , McGuigan Mike
Published: August 2018

Douglas, J, Pearson, S, Ross, A, and McGuigan, M. Effects of accentuated eccentric loading on muscle properties, strength, power, and speed in resistance-trained rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2750–2761, 2018—The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of slow and fast tempo resistance training incorporating accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) compared with traditional resistance training (TRT) in trained rugby players. Fourteen subjects (19.4 ± 0.8 years, 1.82 ± 0.05 m, 97.0 ± 11.6 kg, and relative back squat 1 repetition maximum [1RM]: 1.71 ± 0.24 kg·BM−1) completed either AEL (n = 7) or TRT (n = 7) strength and power protocols. Two 4-week phases of training were completed. The first phase emphasized a slow eccentric tempo, and the second phase emphasized a fast eccentric tempo. Back squat 1RM, inertial load peak power, drop jump reactive strength index (RSI), 40-m speed, maximum sprinting velocity (Vmax), and vastus lateralis (VL) muscle architectural variables were determined at baseline and after each phase of training. Slow AEL elicited superior improvements in back squat 1RM (+0.12 kg·BM−1; effect size [ES]: 0.48; and 90% confidence interval [CI]: 0.14, 0.82), 40-m time (−0.07 seconds; ES: 0.28; and CI: 0.01–0.55), and Vmax (+0.20 m·s−1; ES: 0.52; and CI: 0.18–0.86) vs. slow TRT. Fast AEL elicited a small increase in RSI but impaired speed. There was a likely greater increase in peak power with fast TRT (+0.72 W·kg−1; ES: 0.40; and CI: 0.00–0.79) vs. fast AEL alongside a small increase in VL pennation angle. The short-term incorporation of slow AEL was superior to TRT in improving strength and maximum velocity sprinting speed in rugby players undertaking a concurrent preparatory program. The second 4-week phase of fast AEL may have exceeded recovery capabilities compared with fast TRT.
Financial Innovation: A Permanent Agenda in Finance
Authors: Mendes-Da-Silva Wesley
Published: August 2018

The Journal of Financial Innovation (JoFI), which is totally independent and completely free to anyone who is interested in reading it, has been establishing itself as one of the first periodicals dedicated to financial innovation, a subject that has been growing in importance in various spheres of interest, from academia to industry, including policy makers. Economic stability and growth are closely linked to financial innovation in its various formats, i.e. products, processes and financial institutions.At the end of the 1980s the financial market in the United States and its institutions were facing changes that were seen as revolutionary at the time. In other words, at that particular moment in time we witnessed the rise of financial instruments and institutions that did not even exist at the end of the 1970s. As Mishkin (1990) points out, there is still an interest in understanding better the dynamic of the changes in financial systems and the proliferation of financial products. In this regard, the forces behind financial innovation are increasing in relevance. These include the conditions required for changes in the market, advances in technology, market (de)regulation, different types of crisis that are relevant to the market, new challenges facing banks, and other such matters.
Experimental Investigation and Applied Research of Permeable Marking for Porous Asphalt Wearing Course
Authors: Xu Bin , Cao Dongwei , Li Mingliang , Chen Jingyun , Wang Xianhe
Published: August 2018

Porous asphalt wearing courses are a type of high-performance wearing course with technical features such as high skid resistance and low noise, as well as abilities that inhibit water mist during rainy weather conditions, prevent skidding during high-speed driving, and alleviate dazzle light during night driving. With the gradual popularization of this high-performance wearing course in China, the problem of its matched markings has become a growing concern. Hot melting scrape coating markings are commonly used in porous asphalt wearing course designs. However, this marking technology has associated problems. For example, its application often blocks the pores of the porous asphalt and causes surface water to gather on rainy days. It also attenuates the functional properties of porous asphalt. Additionally, material consumption increases because of marking infiltration. The proposed permeable marking technology addresses issues of performance concerning drainability, high skid resistance, and all-dimensional and all-weather reflection. Technical problems, such as pore blockage from ordinary markings, are successfully resolved by using an active bicomponent marking material through its reaction into membranes and in combination with rotating-coating type or discontinuous-extrusion type marking application technology. From the laboratory and in situ tests, it was determined that adhesion, reflection in the dark, wet driving conditions, and pavement skid-resistance value from the marking are improved.
Novel Method for Evaluating Three-Dimensional Surface Roughness Based on Grey Relational Analysis
Authors: Meng Hao , Liu Guozhong
Published: August 2018

Evaluation of surface roughness is of great importance in the manufacturing industry, as the surface roughness of a workpiece affects its surface quality considerably as well as its function. 3D surface roughness can reflect the microtopography of the surface profile more comprehensively than 2D parameters can. In 3D surface roughness evaluation, finding an appropriate reference surface is of the utmost importance. In this article, a grey reference surface obtained by grey self-adaptive weighted mean-filtering based on grey relational analysis is proposed to evaluate 3D surface roughness. The primary sampling data of the measured surface need not obey typical distributions, so surface profile can be evaluated with fewer data. Using sample analysis, the grey reference surface is well consistent with the Gaussian reference surface, showing a maximum relative error of merely 0.05 % between the former and the latter. Their evaluation results for surface roughness are in agreement. A grey reference surface can be used as one of the complements of a Gaussian reference surface.
The Effect of Training Provided to the Relatives of Stroke Patients on the Life Quality, Anxiety and Depressive Symptom Levels of Patients and Their Relatives
Authors: Özakgül Aylin Aktaş , Aştı Türkinaz Atabek
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Stroke is a crisis for the patient relatives who are caregivers of the patient as well. The patients’ relatives need training and effective support at the stage of accepting this new responsibility.Aim. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the training provided to the relatives of stroke patients on life quality, anxiety, and depressive symptoms of stroke patients and their relatives.Material and Methods. The data were obtained from patients, who received treatment in the Stroke unit of a university hospital in Istanbul as well as from their primary caregiver relatives. While 20 patients whose stroke care/treatment continued and their relatives were assigned to the control group, 20 patients and their relatives that were trained in addition to the care/treatment were assigned to the experimental group. EuroQol Health Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory were used at the beginning of the study and 3 and 6 months after discharge. The data were analysed by descriptive and non-parametric tests.Results. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of health-related life quality at admission of hospital and 3 months after the discharge but 6 months after the discharge, health-related life quality of the patients in the experimental group increased statistically compared to the control group (p<0.05). It was observed that the training provided to the patients’ relatives in the experimental group had no effect on the perceived health condition, anxiety, and depression by the patients and their relatives; however, in the control group, there was an increase in the anxiety and depressive symptom level of the patients 3 and 6 months after the discharge (p<0.05).Conclusions. The argument stating that the Patients’ Relative Training Program may enhance the quality of life following the stroke and may be effective in decreasing the anxiety and depressive symptoms of the patients and their relatives was strengthened. (JNNN 2018;7(2):56–63)
The Assessment of Sanatorium Treatment Impact on the Results Obtained in the Oswestry Questionnaire in the Areas of Sitting, Standing and Sleeping
Authors: Antczak-Komoterska Anna , Filipska Karolina , Haor Beata , Ślusarz Robert
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Back pain in the lumbar spine has become the most common disorder of the 21st century. Nearly 80% of population aged over 40 have already experienced a painful episode in their spine.Aim. The aim of the study is to assess to what extent the rehabilitation influences the occurrence of pain while sitting, standing and sleeping in patients with lumbar spine pain syndromes.Material and Methods. The research was conducted among 300 (100%) respondents aged 35–65. The studied population included 111 women, i.e. 37% and 189 men — 63%. Most people declared secondary education (40%), which was followed by vocational education (29%) and then higher education (24%). Patients were treated for lumbar spine pain syndromes. The research was carried out at the Sanatorium “Uzdrowisko Wieniec” Sp. z o.o. in Wieniec Zdrój.Results. After the end of the stay, it was noticed that the number of people who could sit in the chair any number of hours significantly increased (p≤0.05) from 7% to 29%, while the number of respondents who could stand any number of hours also increased (p≤0.05) from 4% to 26%. On the day of discharge from the sanatorium, the number of people declaring that pain does not affect sleep also significantly increased (p≤0.05) from 96 out of 167 of those surveyed.Conclusions. Taking into account the intensity of pain, it can be concluded that after the sanatorium treatment the number of responses related to the reduction of pain symptoms increased. Significantly increased the number of those who can sit, stand and sleep without pain in the lumbar region. (JNNN 2018;7(2):70–74)
Neurologopedic Therapy in a Child with Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Szlufik Marta , Rosińczuk Joanna , Kaczan Teresa , Kazimierska-Zając Magdalena
Published: August 2018

Introduction. Moyamoya is a rare disease of unknown etiology which leads to strokes resultant from occlusions of intracranial arteries. As a result of the blockage of the arteries in the brain a lateral network of blood vessels develops, forming a characteristic angiographic image.Case Report. In the paper a case is presented of a child who in the course of a month has suffered two strokes in two cerebral hemispheres. The damage in the central nervous system led to paresis in four limbs, speech impairment (later: lack of speech), problems with swallowing, and limited visual and audial contact.Discussion. The main aim of the therapy was to improve feeding, drinking, and chewing and an attempt to introduce alternative communication. Elements of sensory integration were employed, and regulatory therapy of Castillo Morales was used to allow swallowing, shutting the mouth fully, and controlling the mandible while eating and drinking. Furthermore, the child’s agility was being simultaneously enhanced the motor skills rehabilitation, the child would also benefit from a Room of World Experiences. Contrary to the initial assumptions, it has not been possible to reach all the aims of the therapy. Epileptic seizures have led to the loss of the acquired skills.Conclusions. Successfulness of therapy is dependent on a number of factors, which are often independent of the therapist. What is crucial is to adjust the level of the difficulty of the sessions and their duration to the child’s state of feeling on a particular day. After the conclusion of the programme improved eyesight was noticed. However, in the case of a child with such vast damage to the central nervous system the aim of the therapy is to retain the acquired skills and to carry out further attempts to develop new skills through their frequent repetition. (JNNN 2018;7(2):75–79)
Nursing Care of an Individual with Pituitary Tumor
Authors: Melikoğlu Seçil Erden , Özakgül Aylin Aktaş , Kaya Hatice
Published: August 2018

Individuals with pituitary tumors are faced with changes in their physical appearance, different emotional responses, lifestyle changes, and recurrent diagnostic tests. Although the pituitary tumor is benign, the patients may encounter severe morbidity and even mortality. It is very important to increase the patient’s and family members’ knowledge, to meet their needs and to provide supportive care in terms of signs and symptoms, treatment and care of the disease. Education and counseling within the nursing care is critical in helping individuals with pituitary tumors to reach optimal health conditions and reduce hospitalization length. In this review, nursing care of an individual with pituitary tumor is explained in terms of nursing process which is a scientific problem solving method in nursing. (JNNN 2018;7(2):86–92)
Larval Zebrafish Lateral Line as a Model for Acoustic Trauma
Authors: Uribe Phillip M. , Villapando Beija K. , Lawton Kristy J. , Fang Zecong , Gritsenko Dmitry , Bhandiwad Ashwin , Sisneros Joseph A. , Xu Jie , Coffin Allison B.
Published: August 2018

Excessive noise exposure damages sensory hair cells, leading to permanent hearing loss. Zebrafish are a highly tractable model that have advanced our understanding of drug-induced hair cell death, yet no comparable model exists for noise exposure research. We demonstrate the utility of zebrafish as model to increase understanding of hair cell damage from acoustic trauma and develop protective therapies. We created an acoustic trauma system using underwater cavitation to stimulate lateral line hair cells. We found that acoustic stimulation resulted in exposure time- and intensity-dependent lateral line and saccular hair cell damage that is maximal at 48–72 h post-trauma. The number of TUNEL+ lateral line hair cells increased 72 h post-exposure, whereas no increase was observed in TUNEL+ supporting cells, demonstrating that acoustic stimulation causes hair cell-specific damage. Lateral line hair cells damaged by acoustic stimulation regenerate within 3 d, consistent with prior regeneration studies utilizing ototoxic drugs. Acoustic stimulation-induced hair cell damage is attenuated by pharmacological inhibition of protein synthesis or caspase activation, suggesting a requirement for translation and activation of apoptotic signaling cascades. Surviving hair cells exposed to acoustic stimulation showed signs of synaptopathy, consistent with mammalian studies. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of this platform to identify compounds that prevent acoustic trauma by screening a small redox library for protective compounds. Our data suggest that acoustic stimulation results in lateral line hair cell damage consistent with acoustic trauma research in mammals, providing a highly tractable model for high-throughput genetic and drug discovery studies.
Molecular basis of distinct oestrogen responses in endometrial and breast cancer
Authors: Baxter Eva , Windloch Karolina , Kelly Greg , Lee Jason S , Gannon Frank , Brennan Donal J
Published: August 2018

Up to 80% of endometrial and breast cancers express oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Unlike breast cancer, anti-oestrogen therapy has had limited success in endometrial cancer, raising the possibility that oestrogen has different effects in both cancers. We investigated the role of oestrogen in endometrial and breast cancers using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) in conjunction with cell line studies. Using phosphorylation of ERα (ERα-pSer118) as a marker of transcriptional activation of ERα in TCGA datasets, we found that genes associated with ERα-pSer118 were predominantly unique between tumour types and have distinct regulators. We present data on the alternative and novel roles played by SMAD3, CREB-pSer133 and particularly XBP1 in oestrogen signalling in endometrial and breast cancer.
Catastrophic stroke in a patient with left ventricular non-compaction
Authors: Gurunathan Sothinathan , Senior Roxy
Published: August 2018

We present the case of a 32-year-old man who presented with a remote history of chest pain and was diagnosed with non-compaction cardiomyopathy on echocardiography. On presentation, he was relatively asymptomatic with normal cardiac function. Unfortunately, he presented 1 year later with a catastrophic embolic stroke.

Learning points: Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a myocardial disorder characterised by prominent left ventricular (LV) trabeculae, a thin compacted layer and deep intertrabecular recesses.

Two-dimensional echocardiography with colour Doppler is the study of choice for diagnosis and follow-up of LVNC. CMR serves an important role where adequate echocardiographic imaging cannot be obtained.

LVNC is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity in adults, including heart failure, thromboembolic events and tachyarrhythmias.
Glyphosate-based herbicide enhances the uterine sensitivity to estradiol in rats
Authors: Guerrero Schimpf Marlise , Milesi María M , Luque Enrique H , Varayoud Jorgelina
Published: August 2018

In a previous work, we detected that postnatal exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) alters uterine development in prepubertal rats causing endometrial hyperplasia and increasing cell proliferation. Our goal was to determine whether exposure to low dose of a GBH during postnatal development might enhance the sensitivity of the uterus to an estrogenic treatment. Female Wistar pups were subcutaneously injected with saline solution (control) or GBH using the reference dose (2 mg/kg/day, EPA) on postnatal days (PND) 1, 3, 5 and 7. At weaning (PND21), female rats were bilaterally ovariectomized and treated with silastic capsules containing 17β-estradiol (E2, 1 mg/mL) until they were 2 months of age. On PND60, uterine samples were removed and processed for histology, immunohistochemistry and mRNA extraction to evaluate: (i) uterine morphology, (ii) uterine cell proliferation by the detection of Ki67, (iii) the expression of the estrogen receptors alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) and (iv) the expression of WNT7A and CTNNB1. GBH-exposed animals showed increased luminal epithelial height and stromal nuclei density. The luminal and glandular epithelium were markedly hyperplastic in 43% of GBH-exposed animals. GBH exposure caused an increase in E2-induced cell proliferation in association with an induction of both ESR1 and ESR2. GBH treatment decreased membranous and cytoplasmic expression of CTNNB1 in luminal and glandular epithelial cells and increased WNT7A expression in the luminal epithelium. These results suggest that early postnatal exposure to a GBH enhances the sensitivity of the rat uterus to estradiol and induces histomorphological and molecular changes associated with uterine hyperplasia.