bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependence of radioactive iodine-131 capture by the lacrimal ducts on the tear production level
Authors: Yartsev Vasily D , Sheremeta Marina S , Trukhin Alexey A , Atkova Eugenia L , Degtyarev Mikhail V , Yasyuchenya Valentina S , Yudakov Danila V
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Secondary acquired lacrimal duct obstruction (SALDO) is one of the complications of radioiodine therapy. SALDO is formed a few months after therapy if there is a sufficient uptake of radioactive iodine by the nasolacrimal duct. To date, risk factors leading to SALDO are unclear. The objective was to determine the correlation between the tear production level and radioactive iodine-131 uptake in the lacrimal ducts.

Methods:

Basal and reflex tear production was studied in 64 eyes prior to the therapy with radioactive iodine-131 after drug-induced hypothyroidism. The condition of the ocular surface was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire. Seventy-two hours after the radioactive iodine therapy, scintigraphy was performed, which determined the presence or absence of iodine-131 in the lacrimal ducts. T-statistics and the Mann–Whitney criterion were used to identify the differences between the groups. The differences were considered significant at P ≤ 0.05. The current tear production level in patients receiving radioiodine therapy was determined using a mathematical model.

Results:

A statistically significant difference between the basal (p = 0.044) and reflex (p = 0.015) tear production levels was found in cases with and without iodine-131 uptake by the lacrimal ducts. The probable current tear production level corresponds to the sum of basal and 10–20% of reflex tear production. The uptake of iodine-131 was found regardless of the OSDI results.

Conclusion:

The probability of iodine-131 uptake by the lacrimal ducts rises as the tear production level increases.
Immunopathogenesis of corneal graft rejection
Authors: Maharana Prafulla Kumar , Mandal Sohini , Kaweri Luci , Sahay Pranita , Lata Suman , Asif Mohamed Ibrahime , Nagpal Ritu , Sharma Namrata
Published: May 2023

The most common cause of corneal graft failure is corneal graft rejection (CGR). Although cornea is one of the immune-privileged sites, it can still get a rejection episode due to a breach in its natural protective mechanism. Both anatomical and structural properties of cornea and anterior chamber contribute toward its immune tolerance. Clinically, every layer of the transplanted cornea can get a rejection episode. A proper understanding of immunopathogenesis will help in understanding the various mechanism of CGR and the development of newer strategies for the prevention and management of such cases.
A novel transconjunctival, intrascleral, ab-externo, knotless, and double-flanged technique with 6-0 Prolene for iridodialysis repair
Authors: Vivekanandan Ramakrishnan Vellam R , Venugopal Anitha , Benzy Merlin , Venkatesh Rengaraj , Ravindran Meenakshi
Published: May 2023

Small traumatic iridodialysis (ID) may be asymptomatic, but large ones usually cause polycoria and corectopia, leading to symptoms like diplopia, glare, and photophobia. The management of ID, including medical and surgical methods, depends upon the patient’s symptoms. Mild glare and diplopia can be treated either with atropine, antiglaucoma medications, tinted spectacles, colored contact lens, or corneal tattooing, but extensive IDs require surgical options. The surgical techniques are challenging due to the iris texture and the damage encountered during the primary surgery, the narrow anatomical workspace for repair, and the associated surgical complications. Numerous techniques have been described by several authors in the literature; each has its advantages and disadvantages. All the procedures described previously involve conjunctival peritomy, scleral incisions, and suture knots and are time consuming. Here, we report a novel transconjunctival, intrascleral, knotless, and ab-externo, double-flanged technique for repair of large ID with a 1-year follow-up.
Color fundus imaging in retinopathy of prematurity screening: Present and future
Authors: Jayanna Sushma , Padhi Tapas R , Nedhina E K , Agarwal Komal , Jalali Subhadra
Published: May 2023

Advent of pediatric handheld fundus cameras like RetCam, 3netra Forus, and Phoenix ICON pediatric retinal camera has aided in effective screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), especially in countries with limited number of trained specialists. Recent advent of various smartphone-based cameras has made pediatric fundus photography furthermore affordable and portable. Future advances like ultra-wide field fundus cameras, trans-pars-planar illumination pediatric fundus camera, artificial intelligence, deep learning algorithm, and handheld SS-OCTA can help in more accurate imaging and documentation. This article summarizes the features of existing and upcoming imaging modalities in detail, including their features, advantages, challenges, and effectiveness, which can help in implementation of telescreening as a standard screening protocol for ROP across developing as well as developed countries.
Creatively tiding over the crisis
Authors: Mishra Divyansh Kailashchandra , Suryakanth Shwetha , Shanmugam Mahesh , Ramya J , Ramanjulu Rajesh
Published: May 2023

Background:

A patient with a retained intraocular metallic foreign body post-trauma was taken up for vitrectomy and intraocular foreign body removal. Unfortunately, the intraocular magnet was not available at the moment on the table! How a little bit of creativity and innovative thought helped us tide over this crisis is the content of this video.

Purpose:

To demonstrate magnetization of a metallic surgical instrument for temporary use in the event of unavailability of the intraocular magnet for intraocular foreign body removal.

Synopsis:

A ferromagnetic substance can be magnetized temporarily using an existing magnet. We obtained a general-purpose magnet and wrapped it in sterile plastic, using which we magnetized normal intraocular forceps and a Micro Vitreo Retinal (MVR) blade by giving about 20–30 strokes over the magnet in a single direction. This aligned the magnetic domains in the metal in a parallel fashion. These Do It Yourself (DIY)- magnetic instruments were then effectively utilized to remove the metallic intraocular foreign body.

Highlights:

The video showcases effectively harnessing the available resources and tiding over the dearth of a necessary instrument, with the right use of an innovative idea and some creativity!.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/QtRC-AK5FLU.

Key words: Ferromagnetism, Intraocular foreign body, Trauma, Vitrectomy
A novel Yamane technique modification: Reverse intraocular lens implantation for simplifying trailing haptic insertion
Authors: Limon Utku , Akçay Betül I S
Published: May 2023

We described a modified Yamane technique for simplifying trailing haptic insertion in aphakia correction. In Yamane intrascleral intraocular lens (IOL) implantation technique, trailing haptic implantation is challenging for many surgeons. This modification provides an easier and safer way of trailing haptic insertion into the needle tip and decreases the possibility of bending or breaking the trailing haptic.
“Dye another day!” – dyes in ophthalmology
Authors: Vinitha John S , Apurva Nagtode H , Christy Josephine , Venkatesh Rengaraj
Published: May 2023

Background:

Dyes are substances that are an integral part of ocular procedures and surgeries. In Clinical practice, dyes help in better visualization and aid in diagnoses of ocular surface disorders. In Surgical practice, dyes help in better resolution of the structures that are otherwise naked to the surgeon’s eyes.

Purpose:

To educate ophthalmologists about the importance and uses of dyes.

Synopsis:

Dyes have become an important part of an ophthalmologists’ clinical as well as surgical practice. This video aims at educating the different characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of each dye. Dyes help in identifying the obscure and highlighting the invisible. The indications and contraindications as well as the side effects of each dye are discussed which would help ophthalmologists in the correct usage of these wonder substances. This video will also help the new eye doctors understand and utilize these dyes judiciously which would aid in their learning process and provide better patient care.

Highlights:

This video highlights the uses, indications, contraindications and side effects of all the dyes used in ophthalmology.

Video Link:
https://youtu.be/shdV4a6oc20.

Key words: Dyes, Fluorescein, Indocyanine Green, Trypan Blue, Triamcinolone
Universal slit-lamp–mounted mobile adapter with 20 D lens for fundus photography: “Litter to glitter”
Authors: Bhirud Atul , Chandrakanth Prithvi , Agrawal Mohini , Mishra Avinash
Published: May 2023

Fundus photography is an arduous task as it involves using 90 D in one hand and a smartphone attached on an eyepiece of a slit-lamp biomicroscope in the other hand. Similarly, with a 20 D lens, the filming distance is adjusted by moving the lens or mobile forward or backward, which makes it difficult to adjust and focus the image in busy ophthalmology outpatient departments (OPDs). Moreover, fundus camera costs thousands of dollars. Authors describe a novel technique of performing fundus photography with a 20 D lens and a universal slit-lamp–mounted mobile adapter made from trash. By the use of this simple, yet frugal innovation, primary care physicians or ophthalmologists without a fundus camera can easily snap a fundus photo and subject it to digital analysis by retina specialists across the world. This will help in simultaneous ocular examination and fundus photos taken via mounted 20 D on a slit lamp itself and also reduce the need for unnecessary retina referrals to tertiary eye care centers.
Retrospective analysis of the role of anterior segment optical coherence tomography and outcomes of cataract surgery in posterior polar cataract
Authors: Dhanaseelan Thamizhselvi , Odayappan Annamalai , Vivekanandan Vellam Ramakrishnan , Venkatesh Rengaraj
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To evaluate the visual and surgical outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with posterior polar cataract (PPC) and to evaluate the benefits of preoperative anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Methods:

This was a retrospective, single-center study. Case records of patients diagnosed with PPC who underwent cataract surgery either by phacoemulsification or manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) from January to December 2019 were analyzed. Data collected include demographic details, preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), AS-OCT, type of cataract surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and visual outcome at 1-month follow-up.

Results:

One hundred patients were included in the study. Preoperative posterior capsular defect was noted on AS-OCT in 14 patients (14%). Seventy-eight underwent phacoemulsification and 22 underwent MSICS. Intraoperatively, posterior capsular rupture (PCR) was seen in 13 patients (13%) and cortex drop was noted in one among them (1%). Out of 13 PCRs, 12 were found to have posterior capsular dehiscence preoperatively in AS-OCT. The sensitivity of AS-OCT for detecting posterior capsule dehiscence was 92.3% and specificity was 97.7%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 85.7% and 98.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of PCR between phacoemulsification and MSICS (P = 0.475). The mean BCVA at 1 month was found to be better with phacoemulsification than MSICS (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:

Preoperative AS-OCT has excellent specificity and negative predictive value in identifying posterior capsular dehiscence. It thus helps to plan the surgery and counsel patients appropriately. Both phacoemulsification and MSICS provide good visual outcome with similar complication rates.
Evaluation of the agreement and reliability of Transpalpebral Tonometers compared with Goldmann Applanation Tonometer – A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
Authors: Jerrome Selvaraj , Joseph Sanil , Niranjana Balasubramanian , Vidya S , Kumaragurupari Thandavarayan , Balagiri Sundar , Senthilkumar Vijayalakshmi A , Krishnadas Subbaiah R
Published: May 2023

In 2020, the global prevalence of glaucoma was estimated to be 76 million and it was projected to increase to 111.8 million by 2040. Accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is imperative in glaucoma management since it is the only modifiable risk factor. Numerous studies have compared the reliability of IOP measured using transpalpebral tonometers and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update the existing literature with a reliability and agreement comparison of transpalpebral tonometers against the gold standard GAT for IOP measurement among individuals presenting for ophthalmic examinations. The data collection will be performed using a predefined search strategy through electronic databases. Prospective methods-comparison studies published between January 2000 and September 2022 will be included. Studies will be deemed eligible if they report empirical findings on the agreement between transpalpebral tonometry and Goldmann applanation tonometry. The standard deviation and limits of agreement between each study and their pooled estimate along with weights and percentage of error will be reported using a forest plot. Cochrane’s Q test and the I
2 statistic will be used to assess heterogeneity, and the publication bias will be investigated using a funnel plot, Begg’s and Egger’s tests. The review results will provide additional evidence on the reliability of transpalpebral tonometers that, in turn, could possibly assist practitioners to make informed decision about using it as a screening or diagnostic device for clinical practice, outreach camps, or home-based screening. Institutional Ethics Committee registration number: RET202200390. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42022321693.
Quantitative ultrasound biomicroscopy of iridocorneal angle
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum
Published: May 2023

Background:

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique, which allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures.

Purpose:

This video gives a description of the identification of the iridocorneal angle structures in the cross-sectional view in a radial scan through a typical ciliary process and a guide toward measuring the angle parameters.

Synopsis:

UBM provides two-dimensional, grayscale images of the iridocorneal angle. The real-time image is displayed on a video monitor and can be recorded for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The angle parameters can be measured by in-built calipers in the machine software and manipulated by the examiner.

Highlights:

This video demonstrates UBM caliper positions as displayed on the monitor and marked by the examiner for the measurement of various anterior segment parameters of the eye.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/WTXMupYoyww.

Key words: Angle parameters, quantitative measurements, UBM
Qualitative ultrasound biomicroscopy of the normal anterior segment
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum
Published: May 2023

Background:

Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique that allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures. Before interpreting the UBM images of the diseased eyes, it is essential to understand the structures seen in the UBM image of the normal eye.

Purpose:

This video is a compilation of short video clips that gives description of identification of the anterior segment structures in the axial scan, a cross-sectional view through the anterior chamber angle region of a normal subject in a radial scan, and identification of ciliary processes in the transverse scan.

Synopsis:

UBM provides two-dimensional, grayscale images of the various anterior segment structures and allows all these structures to be imaged simultaneously, in their normal state, as they occur in the living eye. The real-time image is displayed on a video monitor and can be recorded for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Highlights:

The video gives an overview of identification of normal anterior segment structures on UBM.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/3KooOp2Cn30.

Key words: Angle structures, normal anterior segment, UBM
Glimpse into the lifestyle of doctors
Authors: Garg Ruchika , Agrawal Prabhat , Singh Akhil Pratap , Agrawal Mohita , Gupta Prashant
Published: May 2023

Background:

Lifestyle disorders are on rise world over. Also, the role of doctors as leaders in propagating healthy lifestyles needs to get a reality check. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of lifestyle disorders, eating habits, nutrition patterns, and lifestyle of doctors by assessing health-related behaviours considering gender and other relevant demographic parameters. The objectives of the present study are to find out the relationship of lifestyle disorders among doctors and to study lifestyle disorders and related behaviour among male and female doctors and other subgroups.

Materials and Methods:

Online survey was conducted using Googledoc in June to August 2021. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study. The student's t-test (two tailed, independent) has been used.

Results:

About 50% rated a happiness quotient of 7 and 8. Surgeons had more diabetes and hypertension than physicians. Prevalence of hypertension was more in self-employed males versus males in job. About two-third participants scored ≥ 80% on healthy lifestyle score.

Conclusion:

Our results call for a well-thought strategy to overcome the financial and technological hindrances to accurately identify health risk factors and plan corrective interventions. A healthy lifestyle both in terms of diet and exercise should be incorporated into the schedules of doctors.
Translation, Reliability, and Validity Test of Odia Version of Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire Among Postmenopausal Women for Menopausal Symptoms
Authors: Beura Saswatika , Patnaik Lipilekha , Sahu Manisha
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

The Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire was developed in 1996 to assess the health-related quality of life (QOL) in the menopausal transition and it addresses the degree to which menopausal symptoms had bothered women. The objective of this study was to translate the MENQOL questionnaire in the Odia- regional language of India and validate it for usage in the Odia-speaking menopausal women.

Methods:

The original English questionnaire MENQOL with 1-month recall period was translated by the researchers. According to instructions by Mapi Research Trust, the questionnaire was forward and backward translated, followed by participant testing and proofreading. Validity and reliability were evaluated by the following tests: internal consistency (reliability), stability (test-retest reliability) with Cronbach's alpha correlations, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and content validity index.

Results:

A total of 80 postmenopausal women participated in the study. The ICC score and Cronbach's alpha value of all the four domains such as vasomotor, psychosocial, physical, and sexual of both MENQOL English and Odia (MENQOL-E and MENQOL-O) versions recommended excellent homogeneity. The internal consistency using the Cronbach's alpha showed high reliability (0.993) between the MENQOL-E and MENQOL-O questionnaires.

Conclusion:

The MENQOL-O questionnaire will be used at the individual to community health-care settings to measure QOL and those identified with lower menopause-related QOL, they may get support and care.
Effectiveness of Tai Chi Exercise Program on Sleep, Quality of Life, and Physical Performance in Postmenopausal Working Women
Authors: Jain Ayushi Rajkumar , Sundarajan Doss Prakash
Published: May 2023

Background:

Menopause being an unavoidable time in every woman's life brings up various challenges. Inevitable changes in body systems affect the life of a woman permanently. The symptoms constitute the postmenopausal syndrome which further affects the quality of life (QOL). Women spend most of the time working during the menopausal transition period and also during postmenopause. The discussion of symptoms is still considered a taboo. Exercise intervention to reduce the symptoms related to menopause which can show a positive impact on health status and work needs to be incorporated.

Methodology:

Tai Chi exercise intervention was given for 8 weeks to the women who achieved natural menopause and were included in the study (n = 76). They were assessed for sleep, QOL, and physical performance before and after the intervention.

Results:

A significant difference was observed in all the outcomes after 8 weeks of intervention (Sleep Quality Scale (SQS)-t = 7.57, P = 0.0001; WHOQOL-BREF-t = 7.56, P = 0.0001; and Physical Performance Test PPT-t = 19.93, P = 0.0001). The results were consistent due to the active participation and high adherence rate of the individuals to the protocol.

Conclusion:

Our study revealed that besides being low velocity and low impact exercise, Tai Chi was a safe and effective mode of treatment in postmenopausal working women. In this group approach sessions were interactive and improved socialization skills because it was conducted in a community setting minimum equipment's and greater feasibility. Hence, this could also be incorporated in different age group population.
Xerostomia – A Comprehensive Review with a Focus on Mid-Life Health
Authors: Jacob Lisa Elizabeth , Krishnan Meenakshi , Mathew Anju , Mathew Anuna Laila , Baby Tibin K , Krishnan Anand
Published: May 2023

Xerostomia is defined as the subjective complaint of a dry mouth. Xerostomia is common in menopausal women owing to the hormonal changes which take place during midlife. Studies show a higher incidence of oral cancer in the postmenopausal period which substantiates the theory of estrogen deficiency in carcinogenesis. Radiotherapy in the treatment of these cancers can lead to oral dryness. Other etiological factors of xerostomia include systemic diseases commonly occurring in middle-aged individuals and xerogenic drugs. Saliva plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of oropharyngeal health and xerostomia can severely impair the quality of life. The aim of this review was to provide vital information pertaining to the etiology, signs, diagnosis, and treatment of xerostomia with an emphasis on midlife health. The articles for this review were obtained from PubMed Central, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Science Direct, Medknow, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and authorized textbooks published between 1988 and 2021.
Trouble-makers in cytologic interpretation of the uterine cervix
Authors: Shin Eunah , Yu Jaeeun , Hong Soon Won
Published: May 2023

The development and standardization of cytologic screening of the uterine cervix has dramatically decreased the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Advances in the understanding of biology of human papillomavirus have contributed to upgrading the histologic diagnosis of the uterine cervix; however, cytologic screening that should triage those that need further management still poses several difficulties in interpretation. Cytologic features of high grade intraepithelial squamous lesion (HSIL) mimics including atrophy, immature metaplasia, and transitional metaplasia, and glandular lesion masquerades including tubal metaplasia and HSIL with glandular involvement are described with accentuation mainly on the differential points. When the cytologic features lie in a gray zone between the differentials, the most important key to the more accurate interpretation is sticking to the very basics of cytology; screening the background and cellular architecture, and then scrutinizing the nuclear and cytoplasmic details.
Spectral convergence of high-dimensional spheres to Gaussian spaces
Authors: Takatsu Asuka
Published: May 2023

We prove that the spectral structure on the

N

-dimensional standard sphere of radius

(N - 1)^{1/2}

compatible with a projection onto the first

n

-coordinates converges to the spectral structure on the

n

-dimensional Gaussian space with variance 1 as

N \rightarrow \infty

. We also show the analogue for the first Dirichlet eigenvalue problem on a ball in the sphere and that on a halfspace in the Gaussian space.
Spectral shift for relative Schatten class perturbations
Authors: van Nuland Teun D. H. , Skripka Anna
Published: May 2023

We affirmatively settle the question on existence of a real-valued higher order spectral shift function for a pair of self-adjoint operators

H

and

V

such that

V

is bounded and

V(H-iI)^{-1}

belongs to a Schatten–von Neumann ideal

\mathcal{S}^n

of compact operators in a separable Hilbert space. We also show that the function satisfies the same trace formula as in the known case of

V\in\mathcal{S}^n

and that it is unique up to a polynomial summand of order

n-1

. Our result significantly advances earlier partial results where counterparts of the spectral shift function for noncompact perturbations lacked real-valuedness and aforementioned uniqueness as well as appeared in more complicated trace formulas for much more restrictive sets of functions. Our result applies to models arising in noncommutative geometry and mathematical physics.
On inverse problems arising in fractional elasticity
Authors: Li Li
Published: May 2023

We first formulate an inverse problem for a linear fractional Lamé system. We determine the Lamé parameters from exterior partial measurements of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. We further study an inverse obstacle problem as well as an inverse problem for a nonlinear fractional Lamé system. Our arguments are based on the unique continuation property for the fractional operator as well as the associated Runge approximation property.
Weyl laws for open quantum maps
Authors: Li Zhenhao
Published: May 2023

We find Weyl upper bounds for the quantum open baker’s map in the semiclassical limit. For the number of eigenvalues in an annulus, we derive the asymptotic upper bound

\mathcal O(N^\delta)

, where

\delta

is the dimension of the trapped set of the baker’s map and

(2 \pi N)^{-1}

is the semiclassical parameter, which improves upon the previous result of

\mathcal O(N^{\delta + \epsilon})

. Furthermore, we derive a Weyl upper bound with explicit dependence on the inner radius of the annulus for quantum open baker’s maps with Gevrey cutoffs.
Deposição mensal da serapilheira em área de Cerrado, em Gurupi, TO
Authors: Silva Francisca de Cássia Silva da , Pedro Carolina Medinilla , Santos Micael Moreira , Portella Augustus Caeser Franke , Giongo Marcos
Published: May 2023

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a sazonalidade da deposição de serapilheira em área de Cerrado, em Gurupi, TO. Foram instalados 50 coletores dispostos sistematicamente na área de estudo. As coletas de serapilheira foram realizadas mensalmente, durante dois anos, de julho de 2016 a junho de 2018. O material foi coletado e acondicionado em sacos plásticos, para a separação das frações folhas, galhos e material reprodutivo, posteriormente foi levado à estufa a 70 ºC por 48 h. A deposição de serapilheira variou ao longo dos dois anos, com maior produção no período seco. A produção total da serapilheira e suas frações, estruturas reprodutivas e foliares, não apresentaram diferenças significativas para os anos 1 (5.884,0 kg ha-1) e 2 (5.420,0 kg ha-1), sendo que somente para os galhos foi verificada diferença significativa. Foram mensurados 426 indivíduos distribuídos em 40 espécies e 28 famílias. A diversidade de Shannon H’ equivaleu a 3,11 (nats ind-1) e a equabilidade de Pielou foi 0,84. A espécie Myrcia splendens obteve maiores valores para os parâmetros fitossociológicos. Adicionalmente, foram obtidas correlações significativas entre as variáveis dendrométricas e a fração foliar e galhos.
Hampshire Militia: 1625 – 1640. Defaulters, Defaulting and Defaults.
Authors:   , Barnes Michael
Published: May 2023

This thesis analyses the occurrence of defaulters, defaulting and defaults in Hampshire’s militia during the period 1625-1640 and demonstrates the levels within both the County and its regiments. This is important because it also indicates what the relationship was between individuals and their company and/or regiment, and between the company/regiment and the wider County militia. It is the first thesis to focus exclusively on Hampshire for this period. There will be comparisons of varying defaults relating to the infantry and mounted elements, to ascertain which defaults were most common, where they most frequently occurred and which segment of society was most likely to default. In taking the premise that defaulters, defaulting and defaults, were all at a low level through the period, consideration will be given to their comparatively higher level within the horse. It is this that constitutes the main argument of this thesis, namely, that there were peaks and troughs in defaulting, but that across the period it averaged at a low level. Historians, both of militia and through survey histories, have used a wide range of examples from Hampshire. Some of those will be re-used here, but this thesis uses a greater breadth and depth of the primary material in the Jervoise of Herriard collection held at Hampshire Archives as well as other primary and secondary sources.
Characteristics of hydrochemical and d2H, d18O stable isotopic composition to study saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers in Danang city
Authors: Nguyen Thao Bach , Dang Nhan Duc , Dao Bang Duc ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam  Institute for Nuclear Sciences and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: May 2023

The situation of saltwater intrusion in coastal aquifers in Da Nang city is greatly affected by urban planning, exploitation and water resources use. This article presents research data on hydrogeochemical characteristics and stable isotope composition, thereby determining the origin of groundwater in aquifers then study on saltwater intrusion. The relationship between δ2H and δ18O during rainy season shows that the water in the Holocene aquifer in Da Nang coastal area has isotopic composition similar to regional meteorological water and does not mix with seawater, the main source recharges to the aquifer is rainwater. During dry season, d18O in groundwater is low but d2H is enriched by recharged rainwater from higher attitude area and also affected by exchange with leakage water from landfills. The saline water in this aquifer tends to be washed by rainwater leading to the phenomenon of paleness and the area of salt water in the aquifer is gradually shrinking. These research results are very important in propose a solution for ground water extraction plan and control saltwater intrusion for groundwater
Assessment of liquefaction potential of sand distributed in the 1 District, Ho Chi Minh city
Authors: Nguyen Hung Van , Bui Son Truong , Nguyen Nu Thi , Vo Luan Nhat , Vo Chinh Cong Thi , Nguyen Dat Tuan ,   Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam  Public Office, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam  Human Resources Training, Construction and Development JSC., Company, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam  Urban Management Office District , Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Published: May 2023

Liquefaction of sand is not a rare geological phenomenon. When it happens, it causes great damage to people. However, 1 District, Ho Chi Minh city where despite being a leading economic and political zone of Ho Chi Minh city, where many buildings with different loads and metro lines have been and will be rebuilt, but liquefaction potential has not been assessed. This paper presents a study on liquefaction potential of sand belonging to the Pleistocene sand lithological complex of marine origin on amSQ13 in 1 District, Ho Chi Minh based on standard penetration test (SPT) with different peak ground acceleration scenarios. Research results show that, when the peak ground acceleration amax = 0.0848 g, few points in this area occur liquefaction. However, when peak ground acceleration increased, specifically amax = 0.1 g and amax= 0.15 g, there were 8% and 68% of the survey points in the area where liquefaction occurred, respectively. The study also shows that, with a depth of about 20m, liquefaction in 1 District is still possible with amax = 0.1 g and amax = 0.15 g. The research results contribute to additional references for researchers and urban spatial planning in this area.
Trend analysis of groundwater levels in the monitoring boreholes within basalt formations in Dak Lak province
Authors: Van Hung Phu , Vu Nguyet Minh Thi , Bui Quynh Van , Nguyen Viet The , Le Dat Quang ,   Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam  Division for Water Resources Planning and Investigation for the Central Region of Vietnam, Dak Lak, Vietnam
Published: May 2023

Groundwater from the basalt formations is the main source for the irrigation domestic use in Dak Lak province. Groundwater levels are important information for sustainable management water resouces in the region. The evolution of Groundwater level in the basalt aquifer in Dak Lak province is analyzed and evaluated by using the statistical test method. The results of the Mann-Kendall test indicated that the annual groundwater level had downward trend at 6/8 monitoring holes. The reduction was approximately from 0.03 m/year to 0.1 m/year at boreholes LK71T, LK29T, and CB1-II with high reliability in statistics (p-value < 10%). The downward trend also appeared at 6/8 observed boreholes in the rainy season (0.05÷0.2 m/year) and dry seasons (0.03÷0.15 m/year). Groundwater level changed, in this work, was interpreted and linked to precipitation data. Comparison with annual rainfall monitoring data during the period 2010÷2016 at three stations in the study area, the Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the changed in rainfall amount overtime govern the groundwater level in the study area. Specifically, the results have identified a close correlation between the groundwater level at the boreholes LK29T, C4a, LK71T, and LK75T with average rainfall in the dry season in the study area. The strong correlation continued to be maintained at 3/8 monitoring holes (C4a, LK29T, and LK75T) in rainy season. Mann-Kendall statistical method and Pearson correlation can be applied to analyze long-term Groundwater level changes for sustainable management and exploitation of groundwater resources.
Comparison analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) method in assessment of landslide susceptibility. A case study in Van Yen district, Yen Bai province
Authors: Khuc Dong Thanh , Ha Hang Thi , Bui Phong Duc , Truong Quang Xuan , Tran Anh Van , Pham Hien Quang , Tran Trong Dinh , Nguyen Cong Chi , Tran Huong Thi , Truong Anh Van , Tran Minh Hong Thi ,   Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam  Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam  Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: May 2023

Landslides are a natural disasters that frequently occur in the northern mountainous region of Vietnam. This study aims to compare the efectiveness of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) modeling in mapping susceptibility to landslides with the support of a Geographic Information System (GIS). The study area is Van Yen district in Yen Bai province, which experiences a high frequency of landslides annually. Ten factors were used as variables in the model, including the lithology map, slope, aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, topographic wetness index, fault network, river network, road network, and land cover data. The study used a landslide statistical report that including 211 landslide points to create the frequency ratio model, while the pairwise comparison method based on expert opinion was used to establish the weights for the AHP method. The results produced a spatial distribution of landslide susceptibility with five levels: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. The study used the Area Under the Curve (AUC) to evaluate the performance of both models. The results indicated that the model using the Frequency Ratio method outperformed the Analytical Hierarchy Process model by 4.7% in addition to the similarity between landslide susceptibility maps and past landslide locations.
A Review on Commercial Refrigerator: The Effect of Loading Packages with Different Materials and Shapes on Energy Consumption and Performance
Authors: DEVRİM Bora , TAVUKÇU Hakan , ÖZTÜRK Harun Kemal
Published: May 2023

Commercial coolers are designed specifically for commercial use in various industries, such as food service, hospitality, and retail. They come in different shapes, sizes, and configurations, with varying features and capabilities depending on the intended use. The most common types are beverage coolers, wine cabinets, ice cream cabinets, glass-front coolers. The cooling system is an important factor to consider when purchasing a commercial cooler, with forced air-cooling being the most common type. Energy consumption can vary depending on size, type, and usage, with many models now designed to be energy-efficient. Other important factors to consider include capacity, noise level, and specific features such as adjustable temperature control, energy efficiency, self-closing doors, safety locks, and interior lighting. The study included an IPD test which determine the time it takes for a commercial cooler designed for cooling beverages to reach the desired temperature from the ambient temperature at the desired range for Aluminum Cans and PET bottles, as well as measuring the energy consumption of a fully stabilized commercial bottle cooler.
DOĞRUDAN YABANCI SERMAYE YATIRIMLARI’NIN BORSA İSTANBUL’A OLAN ETKİSİNİN TESPİTİNE YÖNELİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: ASLAN Mesut
Published: May 2023

Yapılan bu çalışmada Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımlarının (DYSY), BIST100 Endeksine olan etkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada Ocak 2012 ile Ocak 2022 dönemi arasındaki aylık veriler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada BIST100 endeksi bağımlı değişken, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları ise bağımsız değişken olarak kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak değişkenler arasındaki eş bütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla ARDL sınır testi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan test sonucunda değişkenler arasında eş bütünleşme ilişkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonraki aşamada, değişkenler arasında nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu nedenle Granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan testler sonucunda, benzer şekilde değişkenler arasında nedensellik ilişkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Diplomacy of Ukrainian statehood from the establishment to the present (the late 1910s - 2020s): Major international partners, dynamics, and specific features
Authors: Stoyan Tatyana
Published: May 2023

Throughout its history, Ukrainian diplomacy has gone through different periods; the legacy of the events of the 20th century is of practical importance for modern Ukraine, the establishment of its statehood, and recognition as an equal subject in the global international arena. Using the achievements of predecessors in this area, considering past mistakes and miscalculations, it is now possible to strengthen the state's diplomatic activity on a democratic basis with specific national characteristics. The purpose of the study is to provide practical recommendations for the development and strengthening of Ukrainian diplomacy at the present stage by identifying theoretical and conceptual approaches to the ways, methods, and means of developing the diplomatic service of the state in different historical periods of the 20th and 21st centuries. The comparative historical method was used to prepare this work, which, through comparison and analysis, identified the key points, features, nature of the interaction, and specifics of the process of diplomatic activity of the Ukrainian state in the 20th – early 21st centuries. The originality and identity of the diplomatic service of the Ukrainian state and the strengths and weaknesses of foreign policy at different stages of the country's historical development were identified. The author outlines the most significant international achievements of the first independent Ukrainian Republic and identifies the key features and basic features that determined the future development of the country's domestic diplomatic corps. The most optimal mechanisms, instruments, and means of Ukraine's international activity to implement them in the modern practice of international relations were indicated. Considering the priority areas for bilateral and multilateral diplomatic cooperation, the author proposes variant solutions and possible scenarios for further transformation of the country's foreign policy course regarding specific vectors of cooperation. The results and conclusions of the work can be used as a framework for future practical research, in particular, in the development and implementation of new systems and mechanisms of the best international practices in the field of diplomatic service in the national foreign policy
Resilience: Easier Said Than Done – But It Can Be Done!
Authors: Pedersen Torben , Jensen Peter D. Ørberg
Published: May 2023

The globalization of supply chains is both the enabler and the effect of the globalized economy. Recently, it has become clear that the high level of efficiency of tight global supply chains came with a cost as turbulence and resulting supply chain disruptions have become more frequent and common. A greater level of resilience in the global supply chain stands out as the main mechanism to mitigate challenges. While achieving resilience without doubt is challenging for companies, we suggest that it can be done and we discuss a selection of initiatives companies can take in this regard.
Solar Powered Smart Irrigation Plant System Using Microcontroller
Authors: G. Keerthana
Published: May 2023

The design and the implementation of introducing smart irrigation technology enhances the effectiveness of water utilization and will help farmers make their activities more beneficial. it is to increase the agriculture sustainability in common and considering the characteristics of irrigation in the rural areas. This report brings forward new device based on wireless networks such as solar photovoltaic technology, Arduino-based controllers, transmitters, receivers, and sensor nodes are used to measure solar, soil moisture, humidity, temperature, and the sensor readings are transmitted to a remote station. Experimental results indicated that the developed system could provide a sustainable solution to enhance the efficiency of water use and to preserve it in the agricultural fields while using solar photovoltaic energy as a renewable power supply Encouraging the use of this energy-efficient system in various sectors creates a slowly declining cost to build-up the solar technology. Another sensor is implemented to measure the water tank level which serves as storage capacity that supplies the water to the system. With the integration of IoT, automated irrigation can be easily access and remotely monitored over the mobile application through a wireless communication device.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. RICHEESE FACTORY MEDAN
Authors: Sembiring Fatmawati , Nurweni Nurweni
Published: May 2023

Gaya kepemimpinan merupakan norma, perilaku, sikap, serta karakter yang digunakan oleh seorang pemimpin dalam mempengaruhi orang untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi dan pengendalian internal merupakan suatu proses yang dipengaruhi oleh sumber daya manusia dan sistem teknologi informasi yang dibuat dalam membentuk organisasi dalam mencapai tujuan tertentu, sedangkan kinerja adalah hasil kerja yang diperoleh dari fungsi atau indikator-indikator suatu pekerjaan dilihat dari aspek kuantitas dan kualitas dalam periode waktu tertentu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengentahui apakah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan dan pengendalian internal terhadapat kinerja karyawan di PT. Richeese factory Medan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan dua metode yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model

 

analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan software SPSS (Statistica Product and Service Solution) versi 20.0. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 30 orang karyawan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persamaan regresi linear berganda yaitu Y = -0,199 + 0,505X1 + 0,314X2 yang artinya gaya kepemimpinan dan pengendalian internal berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan. Berdasarkan uji t menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif dan signifikan gaya kepemimpinan terhadap kinerja karyawan, dilihat bahwa nilai sig untuk pengaruh X1 terhadap Y adalah sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 dan nilai thitung 4,705 > ttabel 2,052. Artinya secara statistik dapat ditunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dari hasil uji f diketahui nilai fhitung sebesar 17,427 > ftabel 3,34 artinya secara statistik dapat ditunjukkan bahwa pengendalian internal berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karayawan. Penulis menyarankan supaya pemimpin perusahaan dapat meningkatkan kinerja para  karyawan dengan memperbaiki cara penyampaian pemimpin mengenai apa yang harus dikerjakan dan bagaimana cara mengerjakannya.
PENGARUH BIAYA PROMOSI TERHADAP VOLUME PENJUALAN MOBIL BEKAS PADA PT. JBA CABANG MEDAN
Authors: Lingga Raydo Pranata , Ndruru Aniada
Published: May 2023

Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah “Apakah Biaya Promosi berpengaruh pada volume penjualan mobil bekas pada PT. JBA Cabang Medan”. Tujuan penenlitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Biaya Promosi berpengaruh pada Volume Penjualan Mobil Bekas pada PT. JBA Cabang Medan. Sementara hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah Terdapat pengaruh yang positif antara Biaya Promosi terhadap Volume Penjualan pada PT. JBA Cabang Medan. Penelitian ini diambil dari periode tahun 2011-2013. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode analisis regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis, maka dapat disimpulkan persamaan regresi sederhana sebagai berikut Y = 289.931 + 0.026X. Hasil pengujian statistik t dengan membandingkan antara t hitung dengan t tabel yaitu t hitung (5,046 ) lebih besar dari t tabel (3,182 ), yaitu artinya biaya promosi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume penjualan. Artinya semakin tinggi biaya promosi maka akan semakin tinggi pula volume penjualan. Pengujian determinasi R menjelaskan nilai koefisien korelasi (R) adalah 0,981. Angka ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan variabel biaya promosi dalam menjelaskan atau memberikan sebagian besar informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk memprediksi volume penjualan yang dapat dijelaskan oleh persamaan regresi sebesar 98,1%, sedangkan sisanya yaitu 1,9% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar persamaan model. Saran dalam penelitian ini PT. JBA Cabang Medan di harapkan lebih diat lagi dalam meningkatkan volume penjualannya guna mencapai laba yang sebesar-besarnya.