bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Mechanical Properties of Alkali-Activated Slag SIFCON for Sustainable Construction Using Recycled Glass and Tire-Derived Waste Steel Fibers
Authors: Gok Saadet Gokce , Sengul Ozkan
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the outcomes of a study in which continuous steel fibers, recovered from scrap tires of vehicles, were used to prepare alkali-activated slag-based slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON). In this experimental study, the steel fibers used were 250 mm long, with varying fiber contents of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%. The alkali-activated SIFCONs were produced by activating ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) with a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions. Mixtures with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) were also cast for comparison purposes. The feasibility of utilizing finely ground waste glass as a silicate source for chemical activator solution in alkali-activated SIFCONs was also investigated. In this context, two different molar concentrations of NaOH, namely 8 M and 14 M, were employed during production. As activators, one series of mixtures utilized sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions, while the other series replaced sodium silicate with finely ground waste glass. As a result, three different waste materials were utilized in concrete. 30 different mixtures were cast and examined in the experimental study. Load–deflection curves were obtained in three-point bending test and mechanical properties of the mixtures such as compressive, splitting and flexural strengths, fracture energy, and toughness were determined. The flexural strength and toughness increased with the use of waste steel fibers. The continuous waste fibers derived from discarded tires yielded results comparable to commercially available fibers, demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing mechanical properties. Depending on mix design, the alkali-activated SIFCON attained flexural strength exceeding 75 MPa and compressive strength surpassing 100 MPa. These results suggest that concretes incorporating a variety of waste materials can be effectively combined. This innovative approach bridges an existing gap in the literature by combining alkali activation, waste glass, and waste steel fibers, ultimately yielding a sustainable composite that outperforms normal concretes in terms of mechanical properties while promoting environmental sustainability. Test results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain concrete with comparable mechanical properties while primarily composed of by-products and waste materials. This approach marks a substantial step in achieving high-performance concrete that relies solely on waste or by-products.

Graphical Abstract
Oxidative stress controls lncRNA-mediated sow granulosa cell functions in a FoxO1-dependent manner
Authors: Sheng Wenmin , Wang Miaomiao , Li Yuqi , Sun Zhenyu , Du Xing , Li Qifa
Published: December 2024

Background

Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in low female fertility by altering multi-omics such as the transcriptome, miRome, and lncRNome in follicular cells and follicular fluid. However, the mechanism by which OS affects multi-omics dynamics remains largely unknown. Here, we report that OS induces lncRNome dynamics in sow granulosa cells (sGCs), which is partially dependent on the transcription factor activity of its effector, FoxO1.

Results

A total of 2,283 putative FoxO recognition elements (FREs) were identified in the promoters of 394 lncRNAs, accounting for 91.20% (394/432) of the lncRNAs regulated by OS. ChIP and reporter assays showed that the effector FoxO1 mediated OS regulation of lncRNA transcription in a transcription factor activity-dependent manner. In sGCs, OS induces the transcription and function (e.g., apoptosis) of NORSF (non-coding RNA involved in sow fertility), a nuclear lncRNA involved in sGC function via FoxO1. Furthermore, FoxO1 has been identified as a transcriptional activator of NORSF in sGCs that interacts with the FRE motif of its promoter. Meanwhile, OS downregulates the transcription of CYP19A1, which encodes an essential enzyme for estrogen synthesis and 17β-estradiol (E2) release by sGCs via the FoxO1 and NORSF axis. Phenotypically, dysregulation of NORSF transcription caused by 2 novel adjacent transitions in the promoter leads to decreased sow fertility.

Conclusion

These results suggest a model of OS-stimulated lncRNome dynamics in sGCs and a new signaling pathway of OS that influences sGC function and sow fertility.
The use of XR technology in criminal justice teaching and education: a scoping review
Authors: Meenaghan Amy , van Sintemaartensdijk Iris
Published: December 2024

XR technology (an umbrella term that incorporates virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and in some opinions, 360 immersive video) offers considerable potential for supporting learning in the criminal justice sector. The use of XR can allow students and trainees to experience hard-to-reach, risky and dangerous scenarios, and to safely practice repeated learning in order to develop skills and expertise. Despite this potential, the extent to which XR technology has been introduced into criminal justice education and training is relatively limited. A scoping review was undertaken to assess current applications, areas of strength and limitations in current provision, and to identify recommendations for future XR enhanced educational approaches. The review identified that the use of XR technology was somewhat limited to small, stand-alone simulations. With some exceptions, the application of educational theory was also limited. Efforts to assess the effectiveness of simulations often relied on self-reported measures. The review concludes that there is potential for XR technology to impact criminal justice education and training in a positive way, but this needs to be built on a solid empirical and theoretical foundation.
Enhanced performance of hafnia self-rectifying ferroelectric tunnel junctions at cryogenic temperatures
Authors: Hwang Junghyeon , Kim Chaeheon , Ahn Jinho , Jeon Sanghun
Published: December 2024

The advancement in high-performance computing technologies, including quantum and aerospace systems, necessitates components that operate efficiently at cryogenic temperatures. In this study, we demonstrate a hafnia-based ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ) that achieves a record-high tunneling electroresistance (TER) ratio of over 200,000 and decade-long retention characteristics. By introducing asymmetric oxygen vacancies through the strategic use of indium oxide (InOx) layer, we enhance the TER ratio without increasing off-current, addressing the longstanding issue of low on-current in hafnia-based FTJs. Unlike prior approaches that led to leakage currents, our method optimizes tunneling behavior by leveraging the differential oxygen dissociation energy between InOx and hafnium zirconium oxide (HZO). This results in asymmetric modulation of the tunnel barrier, enhancing electron tunneling in one polarization state while maintaining stability in the opposite state. Furthermore, we explore the intrinsic characteristics of the FTJ at cryogenic temperatures, where reduced thermal energy minimizes leakage currents and allows the maximization of device performance. These findings establish a new benchmark for TER in hafnia-based FTJs and provide valuable insights for the integration of these devices into advanced cryogenic memory systems.

Graphical Abstract
Morphing torso mannequin for pressure measurement and scoliotic brace efficacy evaluation
Authors: Lee Ka-Po , Lu Chao , Kwok Hiu-Tung , Zhang Jun , Fok Queenie , Yick Kit-Lun , Yip Joanne
Published: December 2024

Fashion plays a critical role in self-expression and confidence-building, but adolescents with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have limited fashion choices when they wear a spinal brace that is bulky and rigid underneath their clothing. Spinal braces also have a significant impact on their self-and body-images, social life, and overall quality of life. This study proposes a morphing torso mannequin that accurately measures the interface pressure between the brace and skin, and evaluates the effectiveness of scoliosis braces, thus eliminating the need for ongoing X-rays and ensuring patient safety. The constructed mannequin replicates the AIS torso by using a validated finite element model and 3D-printing and molding techniques. A comparison of the in-brace effects on the morphing mannequin shows significant improvements in spinal alignment and reductions in Cobb’s angles (5.2° and 2.2°), which is consistent with clinical X-ray images. The large correlation coefficient (0.95) between the mannequin and clinical results confirms its ability to simulate the corrective effects of spinal bracing accurately. The proposed morphing mannequin provides valuable information for applying appropriate pressure to halt the progression of spinal curvature while maximizing the wear comfort for AIS patients. Additionally, the mannequin allows for the assessment of clothing fit, thus simulating the effects of wearing a brace and enabling fashion designers to create garments that accommodate the unique physical profile of AIS patients.
Simultaneous conversion of dialysate magnesium concentration from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L and dialysate calcium concentration from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and changes in serum mineral and bone metabolism markers in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a retrospective study
Authors: Yamada Shunsuke , Matsueda Shumei , Arase Hokuto , Yamada Kanako , Nishida Hiroshi , Nakano Toshiaki
Published: December 2024

Background

The impact of simultaneous conversion of dialysate calcium (DCa) concentration from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and dialysate magnesium (DMg) concentration from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L on mineral and bone metabolism in patients undergoing hemodialysis remains unknown.

Methods

We retrospectively recruited 52 patients undergoing hemodialysis who experienced a conversion of dialysates from dialysate A (DCa 3.0 mEq/L and DMg 1.0 mEq/L) to dialysate B (DCa 2.6 mEq/L and DMg 1.2 mEq/L) at a hemodialysis center. The effects of changing the DCa and DMg concentrations on serum bone and mineral parameters were examined over 7 months.

Results

A total of 48 patients were finally analyzed. After changing the dialysate, serum magnesium (Mg) levels increased significantly from 2.31 ± 0.38 at 0 months to 2.54 ± 0.43 mg/L at 7 months, and serum calcium (Ca) levels decreased significantly from 9.51 ± 0.80 at 0 months to 9.14 ± 0.57 mg/dL at 7 months, with no change in serum intact parathyroid hormone levels. Notably, the serum Ca-to-serum-Mg ratio and serum Ca × inorganic phosphate-to-serum-Mg ratio decreased significantly after dialysate conversion. Around 10% of patients started or increased the dose of vitamin D receptor activators, and 18% of patients started or increased the dose of Ca-based phosphate binders. Notably, the serum Mg levels in three patients exceeded 3.5 mg/dL during the observation period.

Conclusions

Conversion of DCa from 3.0 to 2.6 mEq/L and DMg from 1.0 to 1.2 mEq/L lowers serum Ca levels and increases serum Mg levels, possibly leading to decreased Ca loading and increased Mg storage among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Inhibition of JAK2 and MDM2 to treat secondary acute myeloid leukemia evolving from myelofibrosis
Authors: Wang Fuping , Chen Longxin , Zhang Limeng , Du Siyu , Feng Yingying
Published: December 2024

Myelofibrosis (MF) is characterized by splenomegaly, extramedullary hematopoiesis, bone marrow fibrosis, anemia, constitutional symptoms, and risk of secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). The prognosis for sAML is very poor, with a median survival of less than 6 months, largely due to its resistance to treatment. The main cause of death in MF patients is leukemic transformation. Leukemic transformation requires genetic mutations, such as the JAK2 V617F mutation, which is present in most sAML patients. Mutations in TP53 or the amplification of genes that negatively regulate p53 occur more frequently in sAML than in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Currently, the treatment of sAML poses a substantial challenge to the medical community. This review explored the potential of targeting JAK2 and MDM2 for the treatment of secondary AML caused by myelofibrosis. This review describes the research on sAML in relation to JAK2 and p53, outlines the interaction between JAK2, p53, mtP53, and MDM2, summarizes the effectiveness of JAK2 and MDM2 inhibitors, and advocates a combined approach using JAK2 and MDM2 inhibitors as a potential treatment strategy for sAML evolving from myelofibrosis. Inhibition of JAK2 and MDM2 may help improve the specificity and efficiency of sAML treatment and address drug resistance.
Non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control of robotic manipulator with prescribed performance
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Ruikang
Published: December 2024

Considering the improvement of transient response when tracking the trajectory of the robotic manipulator, a novel prescribed performance non-singular fast terminal sliding mode (PPNFTSM) controller is designed. The method performs the controller design by introducing performance functions with constraint effects, and, at the same time, transforms the trajectory tracking deviation using the hyperbolic tangent function, and a new error performance index function is designed accordingly to solve the dilemma that the prescribed performance control (PPC) depends on the first constrained value of the system; the error obtained from the transformation is then combined with the non-singular fast terminal sliding mode (NFTSM) for controller design. The proof of the stability is established based on Lyapunov functions. The proposed method does not require an initial tracking condition. This is verified by simulation and ensures that the tracking deviation approaches a delimited region near the equilibrium point with a prescribed transient performance and strong robust performance.
Fully Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression of the Trochlear Nerve for Treatment of Medically Refractory Superior Oblique Myokymia: Technical Case Instruction and Operative Video
Authors: Jabarkheel Rashad , Tomlinson Samuel , Borja Austin J. , Ajmera Sonia , Miranda Stephen P. , Lee John Y. K.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

We describe, to our knowledge, the first report of fully endoscopic microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve in a patient with superior oblique myokymia (SOM).

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

A 51-year-old female presented with multiple years of intermittent, “jumpy,” and “shimmering” visual disturbances. She was diagnosed with SOM. Magnetic resonance imaging showed right trochlear nerve compression within the perimesencephalic cistern between the free edge of the right tentorial leaflet and the right superior cerebellar artery. She underwent fully endoscopic MVD of the trochlear nerve with complete resolution of symptoms.

CONCLUSION:

Endoscopic MVD of the trochlear nerve is technically feasible and may be used to treat medically refractory SOM.
Conditioning factors for the scientific productivity of undergraduate students of health sciences at a private Peruvian University: A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Bonilla-Asalde César Antonio , Rivera-Lozada Isabel Cristina , Rivera-Lozada Oriana
Published: December 2024

Background The objective of this study was to determine the conditioning factors for scientific research productivity in university students of health sciences. Scientific productivity, in addition to making visible the generation of new knowledge, contributes to the well-being of the population and provides feedback to the scientific community in terms of methodologies, perspectives and results that help to break down barriers that delimit productivity in scientific research. Methods A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted. The study population was 4104 students enrolled during the 2021-I semester in the Faculty of Health Sciences of a private Peruvian university. A sample size of 400 students was determined and a stratified probability sampling was used. The variables were measured through surveys. The dependent variable was scientific research productivity, and the independent variables were institutional culture, knowledge management and technological capital. Summary measures are reported according to the type of variable. The chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05 was applied to assess the association between the variables of interest. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using the Stepwise method. Prevalence ratios (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results From the total of 400 students, 74.5% were male, 57.25% were aged between 18 and 27 years, 17% belonged to the school of human medicine and 72% were in their sixth year of studies. Scientific research productivity was associated with management commitment (PR=1.493; 95%CI: 1.077–2.068, p=0.015), sense of personal growth (PR=1.632; 95%CI: 1.041–2.558; p=0.024), recognition by the university (PR=1.385; 95%CI: 1.012–1.896; p=0.043), strategic alliances (PR=1.422; 95%CI: 1.032–1.959; p=0. 03), having research proposals (PR=1.522; 95%CI: 1.114–2.08; p=0.009), dissemination of results obtained (PR=1.542; 95%CI: 1.12–2.122; p=0.01), availability of human resources (PR=1.591; 95%CI: 1.165–2.173; p=0.004), access to equipment and software (PR=1.482; 95%CI: 1.061–2.069; p=0.018) and to laboratories (PR=1.438; 95%CI: 1.047–1.974; p=0.024). Conclusion It is concluded that the research productivity of undergraduate students of health sciences is low. It is imperative to strengthen the university research culture that empowers students as agents of change and strengthens faculty participation in scientific networks and communities.
A 10-day experience sampling dataset on subjective experiences of middle and upper secondary school students in 2022
Authors: Mölsä Martina , Forsman Anna K. , Söderberg Patrik
Published: December 2024

This data note presents a dataset collected within a 10-day experience sampling survey study among middle and upper secondary students in Finland during autumn 2022. The dataset encompasses a brief start-up survey in addition to 40 momentary assessments, allowing for the analysis of both inter- and intraindividual processes. The start-up survey includes validated measures on students’ perceptions of school-related support from family, peers, and teachers, general self-efficacy, and academic self-efficacy, as well as items on school enjoyment, and school absenteeism. The experience sampling data includes items related to positive and negative emotions, lecture characteristics, perceived teacher style, peer relationships, as well as sleep quality, breakfast, school readiness, and school day satisfaction. Data were collected using the “RealLife Exp” mobile app. Multiple procedures were undertaken to validate and confirm the reliability of the dataset, as presented in this data note. The methodological approach utilized for gathering the data featured in this dataset allows for a nuanced analysis of individual and contextual influences along with lagged effects on school well-being, with the potential to discover previously overlooked patterns and trends.
Exploring barriers to long-acting reversible contraceptive utilization among the pastoralist women in southern Ethiopia: Qualitative study approach, 2024
Authors: Gelgelo Dawit , Hailu Dejene , Garoma Sileshi
Published: December 2024

Background Ensuring comprehensive access to family planning improves gender equality, empowers women, and, eventually, reduces poverty. However, in the pastoralist community, women were rooted in strong cultural and religious perspectives that promoted many children, discouraged the use of FP, had high male dominance, and had limited control over their life, including the use of FP. Objective To explore the barriers to LARC utilization among pastoralist women in southern Ethiopia. Methods This study used a qualitative descriptive study design and included thirty-three pastoralist women for focus group discussions and twelve key informants for IDI, who were purposefully selected from three pastoral districts. The participants were interviewed and explored the primary barriers to using LARCs. The principal researcher led the interview via a semi structured interview guide that allowed for flexibility in exploring issues aided by audio tape. The approach included a broad inductive thematic analysis, with significant concepts derived from transcripts. Results In this study, there are many barriers to LARC utilization organized into five themes, including myths and misconception (perceived side effects, FP is not suitable for women who work intensively and carry heavy objects and travel long distances), the desire to have many children (children are wealth and Gods gifts), religious belief, distances of health facilities and husband objection. Conclusion and recommendations Information education communication should be provided to address myths and misconceptions about the LARC during the FP intervention for pastoralist women via HEW, HCP, media, and community education. There is a need to enhance social opportunities by involving religious leaders and partners in decision-making and providing health information and counseling to religious leaders and couples in the community through HEW. As myths and misconceptions about LARC use emanate from a variety of concerns, this study may not cover all of them; therefore, future research is needed to investigate additional myths and misconceptions concerning contraception use.
How cognitive processes shape implicit stereotypes: a literature review
Authors: Lausi Giulia
Published: December 2024

Stereotypes are fundamental to social cognition, representing the automatic associations and evaluations individuals hold about social groups. Their automatic activation, characterized by rapid and often unconscious processes, makes them resistant to change and persistent across contexts. However, evidence shows that motivated individuals can modulate these processes under certain conditions. This essay explores the mechanisms underlying stereotype formation and maintenance, integrating Clark’s predictive brain model and Hinton’s culture in mind framework to examine how cognitive and cultural factors interact. The predictive brain framework suggests that human cognition operates on Bayesian principles, using prior experiences to predict and interpret stimuli. This aligns with the culture in mind perspective, which emphasizes how cultural norms shape cognitive processes, including stereotypes. These models illustrate how stereotypes arise from the dynamic interplay between individual cognition and broader cultural influences. Key modulators of stereotypes include decision-making, emotion regulation, and motivation. Decision-making often relies on implicit processes, where automatic associations influence behaviour outside conscious control, but neural systems can regulate these effects. Emotional regulation, through the management of arousal levels, can influence the cognitive application of stereotypes, potentially reducing their impact. Motivation drives selective stereotype use, shaped by personal goals and cultural expectations. Understanding the cognitive and cultural roots of implicit stereotypes is crucial for designing effective interventions to reduce inequalities and promote equity in educational, occupational and social contexts, and the cross-sectional approach allows us to understand how different forms of discrimination intersect with each other to reinforce inequalities and strengthen deep-rooted prejudices. This essay aims to be part of the increasingly relevant debate on intergroup dynamics and the creation of a more inclusive and equitable society, emphasising the need for new perspectives and deconstruction of biases in research.
Hearing problems in humans and mouse models with rare copy number variants associated with schizophrenia: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Murtough Stephen , Panconesi Daniele , Lu Chen , Abidoph Rosemary , Cotic Marius , Mills Daisy , Richards-Belle Alvin , Richards-Brown Maria , Saadullah Khani Noushin , Varney Lauren , Linden Jennifer F , Bramon Elvira
Published: December 2024

Background Hearing loss is a risk factor for developing auditory hallucinations and other psychosis symptoms. To date, very little research has investigated hearing loss in individuals with a high genetic risk of developing schizophrenia and other types of psychosis. 13 copy number variant (CNV) loci are robustly associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. Of these, microdeletions at 22q11.2 often lead to some hearing loss, and mouse models of this CNV display impaired auditory functioning. We hypothesise that individuals who have a high genetic risk of schizophrenia may also experience hearing problems. This scoping review will explore whether the 13 schizophrenia-associated CNVs are related to hearing problems, including peripheral hearing loss and other auditory problems, in humans and related mouse models. Methods Our scoping review will follow guidelines provided by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A systematic search will be completed using PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, PsychINFO, and Cochrane Library databases, as well as other sources to identify relevant grey literature. Search terms will include all commonly used synonyms for hearing loss and problems with auditory perception, and both human and mouse studies that describe relevant CNVs will be included. Search lists will be screened by two authors independently, according to eligibility criteria, and data will be extracted and summarised using a narrative approach. Conclusions To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to explore auditory functioning across all CNVs that confer high schizophrenia risk. Looking ahead, if hearing problems are a clinical feature in these groups (including humans and related mouse models), they may serve as useful genetic models for future mechanistic studies.
ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ASPECTS OF LABOR PRODUCTIVITY FACTORS
Authors: Vitina O.
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the presented article is to identify factors affecting the growth of labor productivity and a substantive analysis of their relationship. In the presented work, the author analyzed a number of economic indicators of some countries in various industries. The article assesses the dynamics of economic indicators and their correlation with factors traditionally recognized as significantly affecting labor productivity. The lack of a direct relationship between the stock-making capacity, as one of the frequently used factors of efficiency, and the growth of labor productivity is clearly demonstrated. Moreover, the identified dependencies are applicable in all industries, except for the agricultural sector of Japan, where the gap is significantly lower. The article also provides an overview of cultural differences in attitudes towards labor in a number of countries. The author concluded that none of the presented cultural patterns in the modern world can become absolutely successful in stimulating the growth of labor productivity, the key to success is a harmonious combination of them.
SPECIFICITY OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY AND USE OF LABOR RESOURCES IN RUSSIA
Authors: Podolyanec L. , Dorogovtseva Anna
Published: December 2024

The shortage and imbalance of quantitative and qualitative labor resources in Russia requires the study of their formation, reproduction and use from different points of view and research in interdisciplinary fields. The article examines the research of regional and central-peripheral factors of the placement and movement of labor resources; civilizational division based on the theory of S. Huntington; cultural transfer based on the theory of M. Espany and M. Vernon. Characteristics of the characteristics of Russian regional disproportions are given when dividing the country into 4 Russias. Based on the works of R. Florida, G. Standing and A.A. Auzan concludes that a complex, scarce, multifactor structure of labor resources has formed in Russia. The authors believe that digitalization occupies a special place in the use of labor resources and their differentiation.
FORMATION OF AN INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENT IN RUSSIAN ORGANIZATIONS: ADAPTATION MECHANISMS AND INCENTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Sedleckiy A.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the formation and implementation of an innovative environment in domestic organizations. An innovative culture of a society not only allows for the creation and implementation of innovations, but also includes mechanisms that enable people to adapt and exploit changes in various areas. The place and role played by innovative culture in modern organizations is considered. The purpose of the study is to study the advantages of an innovative culture, which can be identified by analyzing the mechanisms of adaptation of organizations to various changes in various spheres of society. The research highlights organizational practices that aim to encourage employee participation in the generation of new ideas, facilitating communication within the organization and cooperation outside it, as well as disseminating innovative values among employees. The practical value of the study is to identify the state of the environment within companies that promotes creativity and encourages employees to put forward and implement innovative ideas.
GAMIFICATION IN EDUCATION: MODERN APPROACHES AND PRACTICES
Authors: Cybulevskiy Andrey
Published: December 2024

This article touches upon the problem of the effectiveness of the educational process, as well as the format of entrance examinations in vocational education, where gamification is a new tool for admission to educational institutions. The author shows in this work that this gaming technology can be successfully applied not only in the field of medicine, business, politics, but also in the field of education. The introduction of gamification contributes to the fact that students assume the role of active players in the educational process. The game system is able to develop students' logical thinking, it can teach them how to plan their own activities and improve the quality of the results they achieve. It is important to remember that gamification cannot completely replace traditional methods of education and admission to higher education. An example of the use of gaming technology in the educational institution "Alabuga Polytechnic" is given, and a sociological survey was conducted among applicants about the knowledge of this technology and the need for its introduction into the educational process. The purpose of the study: to study an example of the use of gamification technology in education in order to consolidate the acquired knowledge of students and attract more applicants to educational institutions.
Neurodydaktyka. Nauczanie i uczenie się przyjazne mózgowi
Authors: Żylińska Marzena
Published: December 2024

Neurodydaktyka. Nauczanie i uczenie przyjazne mózgowi to książka, w której zostały zebrane wnioski płynące z neuronauk. Dzięki postępowi tych nauk możemy dziś zweryfikować stosowane w domach, w przedszkolach i szkołach metody nauczania. Neurobiolodzy obalają wiele wygodnych dla rodziców i nauczycieli mitów i pokazują, jak wiele zależy od nas dorosłych. To my, tworząc określone środowisko, decydujemy o tym, czym będą zajmować się dzieci. Ich aktywność znajduje odzwierciedlenie w strukturze sieci neuronalnej, można nawet powiedzieć, że rzeźbi ich mózgi. Dlatego z wnioskami płynącymi z neuronauk powinni zapoznać się zarówno rodzice, nauczyciele, jak i studenci kierunków pedagogicznych, a także wszyscy, którzy chcą się dowiedzieć, jak lepiej wykorzystać potencjał dzieci. Jeśli szkoła ma być źródłem prawdy o świecie, sama nie może ignorować wiedzy o tym, jak przebiegają procesy uczenia się.
From Environment to Body: Microplastics' Sources, Pathways, and Health Repercussions
Authors: Grzelak Alicja
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Microplastics are common pollutants found in the environment and consumer products. People can be exposed to them through eating, breathing, and skin contact. The sources include contaminated food, drinks, seafood, water, salt, and particles in the air, especially in urban and industrial areas. Research suggests these microplastics may cause physical damage, chemical toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of hormones [1].
 
Purpose of work: This systematic literature review focuses on providing a comprehensive overview of microplastics in the human body and the health implications due to their presence in human systems [2].
 
State of knowledge: Research on microplastics has been gaining significant attention among the scientific community. They were found in human stool, blood, and even placental tissue, suggesting they can be absorbed into the human body [3]. Microplastics can enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, and may accumulate in organs over time. Potential adverse health effects include inflammation, immune responses, reproductive toxicity, and translocation to other organs [4][5].
 
Material and methods: The methodology involved clearly outlining the objectives, a systematic literature search, and a structured process for screening and analyzing studies. The research involved a comprehensive search of scientific databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar.
 
Summary: Microplastics are ubiquitous in the human environment and can enter the body through various exposure pathways. They have the potential to cause a range of adverse health effects, including physical damage, chemical toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal disruption. However, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term health consequences of microplastics in the human body.
Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases caused by RSV in Infants in Poland: A Review of Current Recommendations
Authors: Mierzwa Gabriela , Dąbek Katarzyna , Kajtel Aleksandra , Ochwat Michał , Piekarska Martyna , Skowronek Anna , Sudoł Maria
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the frequent cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTD) in infants, with the most severe cases concentrated among infants.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to review the current recommendations, as well as the availability and options for prophylaxis of LRTD caused by RSV in infants in Poland.
Material and Methods
Databases such as PubMed, UpToDate and Google Scholar were used for research with the keywords included: vaccine, RSV, nirsevimab, palivizumab, Abrysvo, respiratory syncytial virus, maternal immunization, prevention. The review included studies evaluating the efficacy, safety, and comparison of immunization methods against RSV, along with new recommendations and guidelines from medical societies and organizations, especially in Poland.
Results 
In Poland, RSV prevention in infants includes:

Palivizumab: Monthly injections during RSV season for high-risk infants, including preterm babies and those with serious health conditions.
Nirsevimab: A single-dose monoclonal antibody recommended for all infants under 1 year, though not yet available in Poland.
RSV Vaccine (RSVpreF): For pregnant women (24–36 weeks), offering passive protection to newborns. Available in Poland from May 2024.

These strategies provide tailored protection based on individual needs and risks.
Conclusions
In Poland, effective LRTD caused by RSV prevention methods for infants are increasingly available, requiring healthcare providers and pregnant women to understand their benefits and limitations to make informed health decisions.
František Listopad escreve sobre Portugal nas páginas da revista Sklizeň
Authors: Válová Karolina
Published: December 2024

O artigo apresenta a obra de exílio publicada na revista Sklizeň, tematicamente dedicada a Portugal, do poeta, escritor e ensaísta checo František Listopad. Depois do golpe comunista de 1948, Listopad emigrou para França e dez anos depois mudou-se para Portugal, primeiramente para o Porto, depois para Lisboa, seguindo a sua esposa portuguesa. Em Portugal inventou e adotou o pseudónimo Jorge Listopad. Na sua nova terra natal tornou-se um artista de sucesso, trabalhou na rádio e na televisão e dirigiu peças de teatro. Retornou à Checoslováquia somente depois de 1989, após a revolução democrática. Ao longo da sua vida artística, procurou ser uma personagem-ponte entre muitas culturas. Durante o período de exílio, contribuiu para diversas revistas publicadas fora do território da Checoslováquia, que tentavam preservar a língua checa e a eslovaca, bem como a cultura. Para o meu artigo selecionei textos relacionados com Portugal, que são objeto de um diário de viagem ou de análise histórico-literária, bem como tema para os meus próprios poemas, especialmente da revista de exílio Sklizeň. Esta revista foi publicada entre os anos (1953-1979) em Hamburgo, Alemanha. No final do artigo aparecerão dois textos essenciais de outras revistas do exílio: Archa (Hamburgo) e Proměny (Nova Iorque), sobre Cesário Verde e Fernando Pessoa.
“Esses malditos polacos” – Letícia Wierzchowski na discussão sobre a etnicidade polonesa
Authors: Wolny Anna
Published: December 2024

O propósito principal do seguinte artigo é apresentar de que maneira a prosa de Letícia Wierzchowski (com enfoque para os romances Uma ponte para Terebin, Os Getka e Cristal polonês), ela própria descendente dos poloneses, se insere na discussão sobre a presença dos colonos da Polónia e um estereótipo étnico que a acompanhou. Primeiro, vão ser apresentadas brevemente as reflexões e os posicionamentos de Wilson Martins (1955) e Octávio Ianni (1966), dois pesquisadores que mais impacto tiveram quanto à formação da identidade polonesa. Depois, com exemplos dos romances supramencionados, serão demonstrados casos de intertextualidade entre o discurso científico e a representação literária dos elementos que formaram o estereótipo negativo sobre os poloneses. Manifestando o seu compromisso com o sentimento de pertença cultural na escrita, Wierzchowski refere-se – mais ou menos explicitamente – a conceituações e formulações discursivas anteriores à sua obra. O objetivo deste artigo torna-se assim comentar a maneira como, através de uma intertextualidade não necessariamente intencional, se produzem textos literários que revisitam as teses anteriormente expostas e espalhadas como cientificamente objetivas.
An Agile Approach to Student Consulting Projects: Iteration and Communication to Improve Decision Making, Presentations, and Teamwork
Authors: Rajagopalan Hari K. , Woodside Sarah , Belanger Kay Lawrimore
Published: December 2024

Embedding consulting projects into the curriculum presents an effective means of providing students with experiential applied learning opportunities. However, creating, planning, and managing such projects can be challenging. This paper introduces a unique approach to managing consulting projects: Agile Project Management with Scrum. By incorporating a commitment to iteration and communication as the core of the project experience, Agile with Scrum fosters an impactful, realistic, and engaging student consulting experience. This approach enhances decision making, presentations, and team dynamics. This article discusses how one supply chain management course embedded Agile with Scrum into a client consulting project to convert a mediocre experiential learning opportunity into a transformative one. After describing Agile with Scrum and explaining its potential in the classroom, this paper discusses the consulting project before and after Agile; the results; the lessons learned; and the value created for students, clients, and faculty.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2023.0057 .
Movement disorders that occurred as late manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease controlled by a low dose of carbamazepine
Authors: Manckoundia Patrick , Vovelle Jérémie , Cancemi Sylvia , Mahmoudi Rachid , Renoncourt Thomas
Published: December 2024

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, 44 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease. Abnormal movements are atypical symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. Case description: An 87-year-old woman, followed for Alzheimer’s disease, experienced abnormal movements. The episodes lasted 30 minutes, were involuntary, uncontrollable, anarchic, predominantly in the upper limbs, and without loss of consciousness or bladder control. An electroencephalogram ruled out atypical epilepsy. Pharmacovigilance investigation ruled out a drug-related cause. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormalities suggestive of Alzheimer’s disease, with no other evidence to explain the abnormal movements. Apart from the presence of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid analysis found no abnormality. Dopamine transporter scan rule out an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. Finally, abnormal movements associated with Alzheimer’s disease were suspected. Abnormal movements disappeared within 72 hours on low-dose carbamazepine. Conclusion: This case is educational both because of the clinical presentation and the management of symptoms.
Malakoplakia associated with diarrhoea and colonic lesions after rituximab treatment
Authors: Alshatti Yaqoub , Alenezi Meshaan
Published: December 2024

Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous condition that occurs due to defective lysosomal digestion during phagocytosis and can mimic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or malignancies, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. We report the case of a 62-year-old male with IgG4-related orbitopathy, who developed persistent diarrhoea and colonic lesions 6 weeks after receiving rituximab therapy for nephrotic syndrome secondary to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Colonoscopy revealed pancolitis with mucosal granularity, loss of vascular pattern, and small nodules, raising initial suspicion for IBD. However, histological analysis of colonic biopsies confirmed malakoplakia with the presence of Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, pathognomonic for this condition. The patient was treated with ciprofloxacin for 2 weeks, and steroids were discontinued, leading to complete symptom resolution and significant histological improvement. During follow-up, the number and size of white lesions decreased, and no Michaelis-Gutmann bodies were detected. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis for gastrointestinal lesions in immunosuppressed patients, as misdiagnosis can result in inappropriate escalation of immunosuppressive therapy. Recognizing the characteristic histopathology of malakoplakia and linking it with clinical findings are critical for timely diagnosis and effective management. This report adds to the limited literature on rituximab-associated malakoplakia, highlighting the unique challenges in its diagnosis and treatment.
Cytomegalovirus infection in an immunocompetent host presenting as haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Matias-Lopes Inês , Atalaia Barbacena Henrique , Guiomar Margarida , Soares Raquel , Barão Catarina , Ferreira Ana Rita , Parlato Federica , Howell-Monteiro Patrícia
Published: December 2024

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a human herpes virus with a worldwide seroprevalence of 60-100%, mainly known to cause severe life-threatening disease in immunocompromised patients. In immunocompetent hosts (IMCh), CMV causes a self-limiting mononucleosis-like infection, and severe pictures are less recognized. We report a case of a previously healthy 62-year-old woman evaluated in the Internal Medicine outpatient clinic for 3 weeks of progressive fatigue, generalised inflammatory arthralgias, hypogastric discomfort and daily persistent fever. On first examination, paleness and hepatomegaly were noted. Further evaluation showed the presence of haemolytic anaemia; lymphocytosis and monocytosis; thrombocytosis; elevated C-reactive protein; hypertriglyceridemia and hyperferritinaemia; peripheral blood immunophenotyping with a 44% population of T cells and diminished CD4/CD8 ratio. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was suspected, with an Hscore of 190 points, giving a 70-80% probability. CMV serology was positive for acute infection (IgM positive/IgG negative), with a viral load of 4470 IU/ml. CMV primary infection was admitted, complicated with haemolytic anaemia, cholestatic hepatitis and possible HLH. Despite the laboratory frame exuberance, the patient remained stable and was discussed with Infectious Diseases, deciding not to initiate antiviral therapy. Over the next month, the fever, anaemia and hepatitis resolved, and the white blood cell count normalized. After two months, the CMV viral load was negative, and seroconversion was documented. Primary CMV infection is unusual in older patients. Additionally, in IMCh infection is usually mild, and severe infections are rare. In such cases, the use of antiviral therapy is not well established, and risk/benefit must be considered in a personalised approach. Altogether, the clinical and laboratory presentation of this case reinforces the need for high clinical suspicion.
LINC01089 governs the miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 axis to negatively regulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zou Hao , Hu Fei , Wu Xin , Xu Bin , Shang Guifeng , An Dong , Qin Dehao , Zhang Xiaolei , Yang Aofei
Published: December 2024

Aims

The involvement of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation during osteoporosis (OP) development has attracted much attention. In this study, we aimed to disclose how LINC01089 functions in human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenic differentiation, and to study the mechanism by which LINC01089 regulates MSC osteogenesis.

Methods

Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were performed to analyze LINC01089, miR-1287-5p, and heat shock protein family A (HSP70) member 4 (HSPA4) expression. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was assessed through alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and by measuring the levels of osteogenic gene marker expressions using commercial kits and RT-qPCR analysis. Cell proliferative capacity was evaluated via the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The binding of miR-1287-5p with LINC01089 and HSPA4 was verified by performing dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiments.

Results

LINC01089 expression was reinforced in serum samples of OP patients, but it gradually diminished while hMSCs underwent osteogenic differentiation. LINC01089 knockdown facilitated hMSC osteogenic differentiation. This was substantiated by: the increase in ALP activity; ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels; and level of ARS staining. Meanwhile, LINC01089 upregulation resulted in the opposite effects. LINC01089 targeted miR-1287-5p, and the LINC01089 knockdown-induced hMSC osteogenic differentiation was repressed by miR-1287-5p depletion. HSPA4 is a downstream function molecule of the LINC01089/miR-1287-5p pathway; miR-1287-5p negatively modulated HSPA4 levels and attenuated its functional effects.

Conclusion

LINC01089 negatively regulated hMSC osteogenic differentiation, at least in part, via governing miR-1287-5p/HSPA4 signalling. These findings provide new insights into hMSC osteogenesis and bone metabolism.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(12):779–789.