bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANIFESTATION OF TRANSGRESSION BY MAIN QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF WINTER TRITICAL PRODUCTIVITY IN F2 HYBRID POPULATIONS
Authors:   Інститут кормів та сільського господарства Поділля НААН України, Тромсюк В. Д. , Бугайов В. Д. ,   Інститут кормів та сільського господарства Поділля НААН України
Published: September 2021

The research was conducted in 2014-2017 in the department of selection of fodder, grain ears, and industrial crops in the fields of scientific crop rotation of the Institute of Fodder and Agriculture of Podillya NAAS of Ukraine. A collection of 114 hexaploid specimens of different ecological and geographical origins was used as research material. Six varieties of winter triticale of different ecological and geographical origin and the manifestation of valuable economic features were used in crosses according to the scheme of full diallel analysis: Polovetske (UA0602494), Amos (UA0602627) originating from Ukraine; Kapryz (UA0601781), Tsekad 90 (UA0602066) - Russia; Dubrava (UA0602222) - Belarus and Pawo (UA0602555) - Poland. Only the best plants, which did not lag in growth and were normally developed, were selected for hybridization. The obtained generation F0 was sown in 2016, and generation F1 – 2017 manually in an experimental field with the same depth, which provides plants with the same area of nutrition. After full maturation, the plants were also collected manually in sheaves, structural analysis was performed on the main indicators of productivity. The frequency and degree of manifestation of positive transgressions in hybrids of the second generation (F2) of winter triticale were evaluated based on productivity: productive bushiness, number and weight of ear grains and grain weight from the plant. The best hybrids by degree and frequency of manifestation of positive transgression are selected. The degree of transgressions in productive bushiness averaged 65.3%, frequency - 43%; number of grains in the main ear - 7.4%, frequency - 15.3%; weight of grain in the ear - 13.8% at a frequency of 27, 7%; weight of grain from the plant - 91.5% with a transgression frequency of 52.7%. The best hybrid combinations of winter triticale on the basis of "productive bushiness" - Polovtsian / Caprice and Dubrava / Polovtsian (Tc = 100%), the maximum frequency of transgressions on this basis - hybrids Polovtsian / Caprice / Pawos and Pawo are selected and offered for use in the selection process. TC = 60); "Number of grains from the ear" - the maximum degree of transgressions was found in the hybrid Pawo / Polovtsian (Tc = 18.1%), the maximum frequency - in the hybrid Caprich / Pawo (Tch = 40); "Ear grain mass" - Pawo / Amos (Tc = 37.0%), the highest frequency of transgressions - in hybrids Amos / Dubrava and Kaprikh / Pawo (Tch = 50); "Grain weight from the plant" - Polovtsian / Amos (Tc = 37.0%), the frequency of transgressions - hybrids Polovtsian / Amos and Polovtsian / Caprice (Tc = 85%).
RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF THE ESOPHAGUS CHEMICAL BURNS IN CHILDREN
Authors:   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Pavlushin P.M. , Gramzin A.V. ,   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; Novosibirsk State Medical University, Trushin P.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University; Children’s City Hospital No.1 (Novosibirsk), Ivanovsky G.E. ,   Children’s City Clinical Hospital of Emergency (Novosibirsk), Chikinev Yu.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

A retrospective analysis of 49 cases of the initial hospital admission on account of chemical burn of esophagus to the Children's City Hospital No. 1 during the period from 2011 to 2015 was carried out. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the chemical agent: group 1 of 25 children (48,9 %) with burns of the esophagus with 70% vinegar essence, and group 2 of 24 patients, in whom burns were caused by alkaline solutions of household chemicals. Statistically significant difference between groups was found in the bed-day: in group 1, the duration of stay was 29,9 ± 16,4 days, and in group 2 — 45,2 ± 27,6 days. And also in the number of bougienages: over the 1st year, in group 1 the median was 3 bougienages per year, with the maximum value — 21, minimum — 1; in group 2, the mediam was 7 bougienages per year, with the maximum value being 24, and the minimum — 2 procedures. Thus, chemical burns of the esophagus remain an urgent problem of childhood. The nature of the lesion and the time of rehabilitation depend on the chemical agent.
STUDY OF THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF EXTRACTS FROM NATIVE AND DISPERSED BIRCH BARK IN CASE OF CARBON TETRACHLODIDE INTOXICATION
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Sharapov V.I. , Grek O.R. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Labetskaya V.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Mishenina S.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The hepatoprotective effect of aqueous alcoholic extracts obtained from the raw materials of native birch bark (NBBE) and previously dispersed to a particle size of 100–300 nm (DBBE) was studied in male rats. The animals were divided into 14 groups of 10 animals each. Groups 1, 2 — intact; 3, 4 — control (carbon tetrachloride); 5, 6 — previously, for 5 days, NBBE was injected once intragastrically at a dose of 50 mg/kg, on the 6th day, a 50 % oil solution of CC14 was injected at a dose of 0,2 ml/100 g abdominally; 7, 8 — DBBE at a dose of 50 mg/kg + CC14; 9, 10 — NBBE at a dose of 100 mg/kg + CC14; 11, 12 — DBBE at a dose of 100 mg/kg + CC14; 13, 14 — the comparison drug carsil was injected at a dose of 100 mg/kg + CC14. On the 4th and 7th day after the injection of CC14, the animals were removed from the experiment. The data obtained indicate the hepatoprotective effect of NBBE and DBBE in carbon tetrachloride intoxication, which was expressed in the necrosis volume density decrease due to their preliminary preventive injection. NBBE at a dose of 100 mg/kg has a more significant protective effect compared to Carsil. Prophylactic injection of DBBE at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg not only prevented the development of necrosis in the liver, but unlike Carsil, it activated intracellular processes of reparative regeneration in the recovery period, which is confirmed by an increase in the number density of binuclear hepatocytes.
ONCOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN EMERGENCY SURGERY (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Atamanov K.V. , Voitsitsky V.E. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Tkachuk O.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Lebedeva V.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Skuridina I.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Fedorova E.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Vajner Yu.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Atamanov D.K. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Atamanova E.R. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer cannot go unnoticed. The number of patients with its complications in general surgical hospitals is growing steadily. The main ones include acute intestinal obstruction, bleeding, tumor destruction with paracancerous abscess formation or perforation. This limits the possibilities of carrying out the radical treatment of oncoproctological patients significantly, and reduces the number of resection interventions considerably. The incidence of postoperative complications in emergency patients is statistically higher than after elective surgeries. The most fatal is the failure of the enterocolonic anastomosis, usually requiring relaparotomy and often colostomy. With regional tumors, combined interventions are necessary, a prerequisite for which is the availability of trained specialists. The article presents a clinical case of performing a major surgery with a positive outcome for complicated colon cancer in a hospital on duty.
EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL REHABILITATION OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS WITH THE CONSEQUENCES OF COVID-19
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Shpagina L.А. , Drobyshev V.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Logacheva G.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Shpagin I.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Kotova O.S. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Malinovskaya E.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Panacheva L.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

The effectiveness of 6-week rehabilitation of 53 patients who came through moderate severity pneumonia caused by COVID-19 was studied. At the 3rd stage of investigation, the study participants were divided into two groups, taking into account the profession: medical staff (31 persons) and service workers (22 persons). The examination, carried out after the end of the observation period, revealed a lower efficiency of restoration of impaired functions in the group of medical workers — significant improvement in terms of vital capacity of the lungs, severity of dyspnea, exercise tolerance were not achieved, which dictates the need for a longer duration of rehabilitation treatment courses. At the same time, a decrease in the activity of systemic inflammation, an improvement in the quality of life upon completion of 6-week rehabilitation in medical professionals indicates the potential for further health restoration.
MODIFICATION OF THE PFEFFER PANCREONECROSIS MODEL FOR ASSESSING PANCREATIC SECRETION IN THE ACUTE PERIOD OF DISEASE
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Borodach A.V. , Zakharov N.I. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University
Published: September 2021

A preliminary experimental study: Measurement of exocrine pancreatic secretion was performed on Wistar rats after an induction of acute pancreatitis by ‘closed duodenal loop’ (CDL) method (total number of animals = 39). After 24 hrs duration of AP the CDL content was evacuated by syringe and tested for amylase level (IU/ml). A near normal output remained in most animals (1987,35 ± 558,26, n = 12); moderately decreased output was 264,67 ± 162,74 (n = 9), and cessation of the output in n = 3 (0,6 ± 0,3) (q < 0,01 for each group). So, in our series the exocrine pancreatic output was found diverging largely with a normal secretion prevailing. Further study is warranted for some conclusive results to obtain.
The Safety of Dengvaxia and Should Hospitalization be an Outcome for its Clinical Trial?
Authors: Vergeire-Dalmacion Godofreda
Published: September 2021

The uncertainties on the efficacy and safety of Dengvaxia continue to haunt doctors, parents, and lawmakers alike in the Philippines. After the mass immunization of about 850,000 children with Dengvaxia, there has been a continuing report of deaths, unofficially 29 to date among those who received the vaccine between 2016-2017. Countries in the Asia Pacific region, including the Philippines, were one of the sites for the Dengvaxia Clinical Trial. In 2014, the Efficacy Trial of Dengvaxia covering the period after completion of the 3 doses up to the 28th day was published by Capeding, et al. An overall efficacy rate of 56.5% was reported but it can be misleading since the efficacy rates for each serotype varied widely. The uncertainties on the efficacy and safety of Dengvaxia continue to haunt doctors, parents, and lawmakers alike in the Philippines. After the mass immunization of about 850,000 children with Dengvaxia, there has been a continuing report of deaths, unofficially 29 to date among those who received the vaccine between 2016-2017. Countries in the Asia Pacific region, including the Philippines, were one of the sites for the Dengvaxia Clinical Trial. In 2014, the Efficacy Trial of Dengvaxia covering the period after completion of the 3 doses up to the 28th day was published by Capeding, et al. An overall efficacy rate of 56.5% was reported but it can be misleading since the efficacy rates for each serotype varied widely. The uncertainties on the efficacy and safety of Dengvaxia continue to haunt doctors, parents, and lawmakers alike in the Philippines. After the mass immunization of about 850,000 children with Dengvaxia, there has been a continuing report of deaths, unofficially 29 to date among those who received the vaccine between 2016-2017. Countries in the Asia Pacific region, including the Philippines, were one of the sites for the Dengvaxia Clinical Trial. In 2014, the Efficacy Trial of Dengvaxia covering the period after completion of the 3 doses up to the 28th day was published by Capeding, et al. An overall efficacy rate of 56.5% was reported but it can be misleading since the efficacy rates for each serotype varied widely.
Design, Development and Characterizations of Acyclovir Osmotic Tablets
Authors: Garepally Prasad , Goli Swathi , Bontha Vijay Kumar
Published: September 2021

Oral drug delivery is the most widely utilized route of administration, among all the routes of administration. That has been explored for the systemic delivery drug through different pharmaceutical dosage forms. It can be said that at least 90%of all drugs used to produce systemic effect is by oral route. Conventional oral drug delivery systems are known to provide an immediate release of drug, in which one cannot control the release of the drug and effective concentration at the target site.
Covid-19 Effects on the Medications Used to Treat Diabetes
Authors: Smith Robert
Published: September 2021

Minority patients taking prescription drugs for diabetes mellitus and hypertension are sick and vulnerable. They should not be subjected to poor quality medications that can make them worse. The purpose of this review is to present data fortifying an argument that Covid-19 will continue to disproportionally effect minorities who suffer with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and GI ulcer disease by limiting drug safety for pharmaceuticals that are imported from oversea manufacturers even after the pandemic is over. As a foundation an overview of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) overseas inspection process that have been validated by previously published reports will be offered to accent the procedural process. Limitations and challenges to the overseas drug inspection process as documented by congressional leadership and the FDA are offered. An accurate scientific description of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) will be presented to emphasize its danger to these patients. Five key points or initiatives recently published by the FDA to assist in food and drug safety from overseas manufacturers during the Covid-19 pandemic will be presented
A comprehensive review on the pharmacological properties of Diplazium esculentum, an edible fern
Authors: Chaudhuri Tapas Kumar , Roy Subhrajyoti
Published: September 2021

Diplazium esculentum (Family: Athyriaceae), one of the most popular wild edible fern, is considered as a pharmacologically diverse ethnomedicinal plant. The coiled fronds and young leaves of this plant have a wide range ethnomedicinal uses in folk medicine around the world directed for a number of ailments. The present article is the first comprehensive review on the pharmacological activities of this particular edible fern. The structural formulas of all the chemical constituents identified and isolated so far from D. esculentum are also provided in the present review. The most thoroughly studied pharmacological activities viz., antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, neuromodulatory, anti-fertility, cytotoxic, etc.) of the D. esculentum extracts have been discussed. This comprehensive review will be of help for the future researchers investigating for more potent compounds and their pharmacological activities.
Cefixime and Metals Complex Interaction: A systemic review on Drug-metals interaction
Authors: Islam Md. Shahidul
Published: September 2021

The review study work comprises of interaction studies of cefixime with different group of drugs and metals to know about the alteration in pharmacological activity of cefixime by other drugs or vice versa. Cefixime is included among the cephalosporin third generation drug class which is active against a wide range of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Since the presence of different therapeutic class of drugs like cefixime may affect the bioavailability as well as pharmacokinetics of other drugs and metal in the blood or tissues, therefore in order to study the potential interaction of cefixime with different therapeutic class of drugs and metals which can show several type of toxicity or may develop drug resistance in the body is the main reason to perform this study. About 102 articles were screened from different databases related to Cefixime and its interaction for this review. This review study claims that there is a possible interaction between cefixime and other drugs& metals which are confirmed by different method like GLC, HPLC, and Disk Diffusion Method. Drug resistance and unwanted adverse drug reactions are a common thing for different underlying factors which becomes an alarming issue. That’s why this is significant.
Of boxes in the Bronze Age: exotic imports, skeuomorphs and local crafts from Central Asia to Sumer
Authors:   The British Museum, Simpson St John
Published: September 2021

This paper briefly reviews some of the excavated evidence for decorated boxes found at sites from Mesopotamia to Central Asia in the late 3rd millennium BC, and concludes that one published from an Akkadian grave at Nippur is a Harappan import. Similar types of box found at Gonur depe were used to contain mirrors, and this also provides a new explanation for the Nippur box. Remains of other types of decorated box are also known from elite graves at Gonur and Ur, some of a size consistent with trunks or chests, but others much smaller and employing iconogra- phy peculiar to their cultural context. This paper draws attention to the fact that the boards for the “Game of Twenty Squares” were originally hollow in order to hold the pieces, and that the so-called “Standard of Ur” was also a box, rather than the solid object it has been reconstructed and known as. In other regions, such as southeast Arabia and Iran, small compartmented boxes were also carved from chlorite but larger examples were probably also made of wood. The fired clay boxes also known from eastern Iran and southwest Central Asia may well have had wooden counterparts which have not survived. In short, a much greater variety of boxes of different types and sizes were used at this period than is generally acknowledged.
Newly discovered burials of the Bronze Age in the territory of Tajikistan
Authors:   Institute of History, archeology and ethnography name after A. Donish, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Filimonova T. , Dubova N. ,   N. N. Miklouho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology
Published: September 2021

This paper publishes newly discovered materials of the Bronze Age from Southern Tajikistan — six burials at the cemetery of Khulbuk occupying the southern section of the hill on which a palace was built in the 9th century. The archaeological complex represented in these burials can be attributed, on the whole, neither to the Beshkent-Vakhsh culture of Tajikistan nor to the agriculturalist cultures of the Sapalli or Namazga type. By contrast, it demonstrates an undoubted interaction of different cultural communities. The skeletal remains of five individuals have been examined. They are characterized by gracility and a small size of the head and body. Their parameters, are generally found to be within the limits of the variations of typical representatives of the Bronze Age populations of Southern Tajikistan.
Hellenistic farmhouse near the ancient city of Porthmion in East Crimea
Authors:   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vakhtina M.
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to a small ancient rural house situated to the east from the Bosporan town of Porthmion. The excavations of the farmhouse were conducted in 1988 under the direction of L. B. Kircho according to the plan of field investigations of the Porthmion Group of the Bosporan Archaeological Expedition of the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Archaeology (LOIA) AS USSR (now the Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences). Despite the fact that the building remains of the complex were preserved only fragmentarily, the investigations conducted have allowed the researchers to reveal a new interesting object — a Hellenistic farmhouse founded in the late 4th century BC in the immediate proximity to the ancient town and, probably, used until the mid-1st century BC.
Recent discoveries on the Hellenistic and Parthian Occupation of Ulug-depe
Authors:   Laboratoire Archéorient, Maison de l’Orient et de la Méditerranée (CNRS UMR 5133), Lhuillier J. , Bendezu-Sarmiento J. ,   Éco-anthropologie du Musée de l’Homme (CNRS UMR 7206)
Published: September 2021

This paper seeks to shed new light on the latest discovered Hellenistic and Parthian occupation period at Ulug-depe (South Turkmenistan). After its abandonment at the end of the Middle Iron Age period, the site was reoccupied during the late 1st millennium BC. Extended research led by the joint French-Turkmen Archaeological Expedition (MAFTur) has succeeded in unearthing this occupation in many places of the site and has studied a varied pottery assemblage.
On the terracotta plastics of antique Sogdiana
Authors:   The State Hermitage Museum, Omel’chenko A.
Published: September 2021

Having considered the main types of Sogdian terracotta figurines of the 3rd century BC — 5th century AD the author has come to a conclusion that there was a certain influence of the images of Greek terracotta art upon them. However, this impact upon Sogdiana was mediated by “transit” cultural regions — Mesopotamia, Margiana and Bactria.
An archaeological complex of Barrow no. 1 of the Kyzylkol’ burial ground
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Podushkin A. , Donets A. ,   Turkestan Regional Museum of History and Local Lore
Published: September 2021

The publication deals with the main results of having studied Barrow no. 1 of the Kyzylkol’ burial ground 1 in Southern Kazakhstan. As a result of excavations, a complex funeral structure was there revealed, which combines constructive elements of both a catacomb and a surface crypt. Its archaeological complex is dated to the late Kangju period (2nd–4th centuries AD).
The layout peculiarities of the residential and production areas in the site of ancient settlement of Ushbastobe (Southern Kazakhstan)
Authors:   Federal Research Center The Southern Scientific Centre of the RAS, Raev B. , Podushkin A. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Donets A. ,   Turkestan Regional Museum of History and Local Lore
Published: September 2021

This article deals with the planning structure of the site of ancient settlement of Ushbastobe in southern Kazakhstan, dated to the 2nd–5th centuries AD. The settlement is located on the tall cape of the Ugam river bank and con- sists of a citadel and a residential area (rabad). Natural slopes of the river terrace and a steep ravine made the settlement impregnable from the two sides; the other two were bounded by moats. In addition to the residential part, a production area has been revealed between the two southeastern moats where an iron-smelting furnace has been studied. The results of this study allow the authors to maintain that the fortified settlement not only controlled a passage to the fertile river valley but was also an important center for the primary smelting of bloom iron in the region.
“Ḥudūd al-cĀlam” about cities and settlements of Maverannahr in the early Islamic period
Authors:   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, Abdulloev D.
Published: September 2021

This article concerns towns and settlements of Mavarannahr of the early Islam period after the information from an anonym geographic work with the Arab title “Ḥudūd al-‘ālam min al-Mashriq ilá l-Maghrib” (“The limits of the World from the east to the west”) written in the year 372 of Hijrah (AD 982). This writing has attracted the attention of many historians and orientalists both in Russia and abroad. Nevertheless, there is no complete translation of this book, and so we first present information in Russian from this source about cities and settlements of Central Asia of the early Islamic period. In addition, we have succeeded, on the basis of archaeological evidence, to localize a number of cities and settlements mentioned in this source. Original and modern names of some rivers and lakes have been identified as well.
Maymarg of Bukhara and the punitive campaign of Bahram Gor (based on the data of archaeological, topographic and written sources)
Authors:   National Center of Archeology Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Adilov Sh.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the identification and localization of the historic town of Maymarg. Written sources place it in the vicinity of Nakhshab, but archeological and topographic data allow it to be attributed to the Bukhara region (the urban settlement site of Kum-Sovtan). Among the related issues raised by the author there are the circumstances of Bahram V’s campaign against the Chionites, the localization of “Bahram Gor’s Tower” (the urban set- tlement site of Kui-kala, mod. Turkmenistan), and the search for a historical prototype of the chief of the “Turanians”, Shimra by name (the Chionite ruler Kidara).
Ceramic lids from pre-Mongolian Panjakent and its surroundings
Authors:   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, Aminov F.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a classification of ceramic lids of the late 8th — early 13th century found in Panjakent and its surroundings. The examples considered include 71 items, many of which can be reconstructed. In terms of their shape, the author divides them into 10 groups. The lids were used mainly for cauldrons, as well as for jugs with a narrow neck, pots, “khumcha” storage pots and braziers.
Hoard of Sogdian cult utensils of the 7th–8th century from Pay-Aryk
Authors:   National Center of Archeology Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Mirzaakhmedov D. , Torgoev A. ,   The State Hermitage Museum, Mirzaakhmedov S. ,   National Center of Archeology Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sultanova M. ,   National Center of Archeology Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a publication of a hoard of metal objects (two lamps and a cauldron) found in the surroundings of the town of Pay-Aryk of the Samarkand region in Uzbekistan. These objects apparently belonged to a small rural temple and were hidden during the Arabian conquest. The shapes of the bimetal lamp and bronze cauldron are specific for the Sogdian toreutics while the decorative design of the lamp reveals an Indian influence.
Stone bars with two constrictions in burials of the Babino cultural circle within the context of archer’s outfit in the western part of the Old World
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology Russian Academy of Sciences, Mimokhod R. , Usachuk A. ,   Donetsk Museum of Local Lore, Verbovskii A. ,   Donetsk Museum of Local Lore
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to analysis of a rare category of artefacts — stone bars with two constrictions which present distinct cultural and chronological markers. In Eastern Europe these bars are known only among materials of the Dnieper-Don and Volga-Don Babino cultures; the time of their use is limited to within the 22nd century cal BC corresponding to the upper boundary of the period of their occurrence in the Near East, Central and Western Europe in the BzA1 period. Their functional purpose was to serve as protective mounts on the forearm of an archer preserving from the shock of the bow string. Analysis of the arrangement of the protective mounts in burials allows us to define three cases of their everyday use: noncombat, prior-combat and fighting situations. Experimental simulation has shown that the protective mount was fixed by means of a leather oversleeve with a lacing.
Preliminary results of investigations of barrows in the locality of Sarazm-2 in the basin of the Zeravshan River in summer and autumn 2020
Authors:   National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan, Bobomulloev S. , Vinogradova N. ,   Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bobomulloev B. ,   National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan, Hudzhageldiev T. ,   Institute of History, archeology and ethnography name after A. Donish, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Navruzbekov M. ,   Institute of History, archeology and ethnography name after A. Donish, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan
Published: September 2021

The article is based on the materials of excavations of burial mounds in the Sarazm-2 area in the Zeravshan valley. The burial mounds of the Afanasievo culture were discovered here for the first time. In the Late Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age in the Zeravshan valley, close contacts of the local agricultural population with the carriers of the Afanasievo culture can be traced, which is reflected in the material culture of the ancient pastoralists. The Afanasievo materials of Zeravshan open up the possibility of a new approach in the study of the genesis of the Afanasievo culture at the end of the IV millennium BC.
The Multi-sided Dolmen with Tent-shaped Roof near Tsarskaya (Novosvobodnaya), 1869, North-Western Caucasus: construction and archaeological context
Authors:   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, Trifonov V.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of archive and field investigations allowing us to reconstruct the architectural features, construction, basic dimensions, building stages, archaeological, chronological and cultural contexts of the unique multisided dolmen with a pyramidal (domed) roof, excavated by Nikolay Lvovich Kamenev in 1869 in North-Western Caucasus near the stanitsa (Cossack village) of Tsarskaya (modern Novosvobodnaya).
From the history of the creation of “Antiquities of Herodotus Scythia”: collaboration of the IAK with F. K. Brun in the 1860s
Authors:   Institute of Archeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sapozhnikov I. , Kashuba M. ,   Institute for the History of the Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to the brief but successful collaboration in the 1860s between the Imperial Archaeo- logical Commission (IAC) and the Odessa scholar of German origin F. K. Brun (Philipp Jakob Bruun) (1804–1880). This episode is recorded in a dossier kept at the Manuscript Department of the Scientific Archives of the Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The scientist was commissioned with writing the foreword to the then expected publication of “Antiquities of Herodotus’ Scythia”. He prepared the work basing on materials from two trips across the region: it was published in 1872 in the form of an appendix with supplements about the description of Darius’ campaign against the Scythians and a map of Herodotus’ Scythia. The article publishes a report by F. K. Brun on the surveys of 1864– 1865 in the Northern Black Sea region and his propositions of 1869 to IAC concerning the expansion of researches to the entire littoral of the Black Sea. The facts presented show F. K. Brun as an expert on historical geography and an archaeologist.
Some remarks about the origin of BMAC female deities
Authors:   Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bern, Winkelmann S.
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the question of the origin of the BMAC deities found in the high art of Margiana and Bactria especially in glyptic art, for which there are no local precursors in Turkmenistan or Afghanistan. By analyzing the art of the Kerman or Jiroft culture of Southeast Iran, especially the seal finds from Konar Sandal and the intercultural style objects, the direct antecedents of the BMAC pantheon in Southeast Iran could be demonstrated. Both regions have an almost identical pantheon of female deities with similar attributes, same stylistic features and identical attitudes, and they share a common myth that is depicted in the art of both regions. Nevertheless, the goddesses in the BMAC undergo modifications in representation, which concerns hairdo and costumes, but which is particularly evident in the altered depiction of attribute animals, which are now often fused together, and the increased depiction of winged gods and attribute animals.
Two new species of Megaselia Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) from Poland
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, U.K., DISNEY R. Henry L. , DURSKA Ewa ,   Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warsaw, Poland
Published: September 2021

Two new scuttle fly species of genus Megaselia are described from Poland. M. boguslawi sp. n. was found in central Poland in the pine forest after fire. M. wigryensis n. sp. was cought in the north-eastern part of country in the linden-oak-hornbeam forest of the Wigry National Park.
New records of Hydraenidae and Elmidae (Coleoptera) from Russia and adjacent countries
Authors:   Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouzsky District, 152742  Yaroslavl Oblast’, Russia, PROKIN Alexander A. , LITOVKIN Stanislav V. ,   Russian Entomological Society, Samara, Russia, JÄCH Manfred A. ,   3Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, A–1010 Wien, Austria
Published: September 2021

New data on the distribution of 27 species of Hydraenidae and three species of Elmidae (Coleoptera) from Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are provided. Ochthebius foveolatus Germar, 1824 and Stenelmis koreana Satô, 1978 are recorded from Russia for the first time. Other new records are: Ochthebius bernhardi Jäch et Delgado, 2008 (Ukraine), O. depressus Sahlberg, 1900 (Ural Mountains), O. erzerumi Kuwert, 1887 (European part of Russia and Ural Mountains), O. flavipes Dalla Torre, 1877 (Ural Mountains), O. jermakovi Orchymont, 1933 (Kazakhstan), and O. joosti Jäch, 1992 (Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan). A new record for the rarely collected Laeliaena sparsa Sahlberg, 1900 from Uzbekistan is also provided. For Ochthebius yoshitomii Jäch et Delgado, 2014 new records and information on the correct type locality, as well as detailed habitat information and photographs of its habitat on Kunashir Island are provided.
Detailed iconography of the widespread Neotropical millipede, Myrmecodesmus hastatus (Schubart, 1945), and the first record of the species from the Caribbean area (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Pyrgodesmidae)
Authors:   Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33,  Moscow 119071, Russia, GOLOVATCH Sergei I. , GEOFFROY Jean-Jacques ,   Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, DSE, Site MNHN de Brunoy, 4 avenue du petit Château, 91800 Brunoy, France, MAURIÈS Jean-Paul ,   Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique & Evolution, CP n°53, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France, VANDENSPIEGEL Didier ,   Muséum Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, B-3080 Belgium
Published: September 2021

The small-bodied millipede, Myrmecodesmus hastatus (Schubart, 1945), which seems to be strongly associated with ant and termite nests, and currently populates much of South America, is recorded from Martinique for the first time. Abundant, mostly SEM illustrations are provided to facilitate its recognition. This record strongly extends its distribution to also cover the Antilles.
Vertical distribution of scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) in a beech forest
Authors:   Departamento de Biología Animal, de Biología Vegetal y de Ecología (Unidad de Zoología), Facultad de Ciencias,  Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain, GARCÍA-ROMERA Carlos , BARRIENTOS Jose Antonio
Published: September 2021

The structure of scuttle fly communities in vegetative strata of a beech forest in the Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain) was compared. Window traps were used from March 1990 to March 1991. Relative abundance and species richness of scuttle flies were higher in the herb and shrub layers than in the canopy, while diversity was not significantly different between strata. Saprophagous species dominated in all strata, while the mycophagous and zoophagous species decreased with height. Herb layer was dominated by Megaselia pectoralis and M. subpleuralis. Shrub layer was dominated by M. pectoralis, M. pectorella, M. diversa, M. subpleuralis and M. superciliata. Canopy layer was dominated by M. pectorella, M. pectoralis, M. pusilla and M. diversa.
Caddisflies (Trichoptera) of the Świętokrzyski National Park
Authors:   University of Life Sciences, Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Dąbrowskiego 159,  60–594 Poznań, Poland, GÓRECKI Krzysztof
Published: September 2021

This faunistic study was carried out in the period 2008–2014 in the Natura 2000 Łysogóry (PLH260002) area, which is situated entirely in the Świętokrzyski National Park (ŚPN). The study revealed the occurrence of 82 caddisfly species (Trichoptera). The insects were caught by light-trapping at 10 sites in the National Park and at one locality on its boundary. Five caddisfly species from the Polish Red List were found. Stenophylax vibex (Curtis, 1834), a rare species in Poland, has so far been found only in the ŚPN. Fifty-three species of caddisflies were found for the first time in the Świętokrzyski National Park, 19 of which are new to the Świętokrzyskie Mountains area. The study did not confirm the presence of sixteen species recorded previously but it has raised the total number of caddisfly species recorded in the Świetokrzyski National Park to 98.
First record of the expansive harvestmen Dicranopalpus ramosus (Simon, 1909) (Arachnida: Opiliones) in Poland
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland, ROZWAŁKA Robert , RUTKOWSKI Tomasz ,   Natural History Collections, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89,  61-614 Poznań, Poland
Published: September 2021

The harvestmen Dicranopalpus ramosus (Simon, 1909) (Arachnida: Opiliones) is reported from Poland for the first time. It was found in the Dąbrówka near Poznań (Wielkopolska Lowland), more than 400 km East of the nearest known localities of this species in Germany.
Small mammals in the diet of owls in the Masovian Landscape Park and its adjacent areas
Authors:   Faculty of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland, LESIŃSKI Grzegorz , STOLARZ Przemysław ,   Center for Human Ecology, Kościuszki 24, 05-075 Warsaw-Wesoła, Poland, GRYZ Jakub ,   Forest Research Institute, Sękocin Stary, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland, DĄBROWSKI Radosław ,   Masovian Landscape Park, Sułkowskiego 11, 05-400 Otwock, Poland, KRAUZE-GRYZ Dagny ,   Faculty of Forestry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland, SKRZYPIEC-NOWAK Przemysław ,   Masovian Landscape Park, Sułkowskiego 11, 05-400 Otwock, Poland, ŚWIĆ Jagoda ,   Forestry Management Celestynów, Obrońców Pokoju 58, 05-430 Celestynów, Poland
Published: September 2021

The diet of three owl species was analysed in 32 sites localised in the Masovian Landscape Park and its outskirts to determine the structure of small mammal communities. Study was done in the years 1993–2016, 5,728 vertebrate prey (including 4,001 mammals) were collected. Five species of soricomorphs, six bats, 14 rodents and one species of Carnivora were found. Among mammals, Myodes glareolus had the greatest share in the diet of Strix aluco. Tyto alba most frequently caught Microtus arvalis and Sorex araneus, while Asio otus – M. arvalis and M. oeconomus. Those prey, together with Apodemus flavicollis and A. agrarius, dominated in small mammal communities. One site of Crocidura leucodon was found on the western edge of its range in Poland. The share of bats in the diet of S. aluco was small (0.5% of mammals), Plecotus auritus was most frequent. Muscardinus avellanarius was found in forests of the southern part of the Masovian Landscape Park. It was relatively often caught by S. aluco in favourable habitats. Shares of M. oeconomus, M. agrestis and M. avellanarius in the diet of owls were significantly higher in southern part of the study area remote from Warsaw.
New data to the knowledge on the Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) fauna in Poland
Authors:   Department of Hydrobiology, Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, ul. Ciołkowskiego 1J,  15-245 Białystok, Poland, KARPOWICZ Maciej
Published: September 2021

Harpacticoida is the least known group of Copepoda in freshwater habitats in Poland, although they are very common and very abundant in the continental waters. The last detailed taxonomic studies of Harpacticoida in Polish inland waters were carried out about 100 years ago. A faunistic and ecological review of 12 harpacticoid species from north-eastern Poland is presented herein for the first time. Two species new to the Polish fauna were recorded: Elaphoidella elaphoides (Chappuis, 1923) and Bryocamptus (Rheocamptus) spinulosus (Borutzky, 1934). Bryocamptus spinulosus is morphologically close to B. zschokkei (Schmeil, 1893). The latter species is considered to be widely distributed in Poland, yet many records of B. zschokkei might in fact refer to B. spinulosus. Distinguishing features of these species were described in detail.
New records and new species of Metopina Macquart (Diptera: Phoridae) from Tasmania
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, U.K., DISNEY R. Henry L.
Published: September 2021

Metopina glandula sp. n., M. lacrimula sp. n., M. microquartus sp. n., and two species of males not yet linked to their females are described from Tasmania.
Rare spider species (Araneae) from the Giant Mountains and the Izera Mountains – new records for the fauna of Poland
Authors:   Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Taxonomy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław,  Przybyszewskiego 65, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland, WIŚNIEWSKI Konrad , WESOŁOWSKA Wanda
Published: September 2021

We present data on four spider species (Araneae) new for the fauna of Poland. The spiders were found predominantly in the mires of the Giant Mountains and the Izera Mountains (the Western Sudetes). Some of these habitats are the transborder mires between Poland and the Czech Republic. The presented species are: Erigone cristatopalpus, Panamomops sulcifrons, Theridion boesenbergi, Gnaphosa lapponum. Each of these spiders is rare or lives in specific habitat.
Coprophilous histerids (Coleoptera: Histeridae) of the Polish Carpathians
Authors:   Institute of Forest Sciences, Branch of the University of Łódź, Konstytucji 3 Maja 65/67, 97-200 Tomaszów  Mazowiecki, Poland, MAZUR Sławomir , GÓRZ Andrzej ,   Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow,  Podbrzezie 3, 31-054 Kraków, Poland, BYK Adam ,   Department of Forest Protection and Ecology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska  159/34, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland
Published: September 2021

The occurrence of coprophilous histerids in the Polish Carpathians was investigated. A total of 2,680 specimens, representing 11 species and 4 genera, were collected. The vertical distribution of individual species and their zoogeography was analysed.
First record of Cylindrotoma distinctissima (Meigen, 1818) from Serbia and new data on the occurrence of Cylindrotomidae (Diptera) in Bulgaria and Romania
Authors:   Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Centre of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Biorecourses, University  of Babeș-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor 5-7, Romania, KOLCSÁR Levente-Péter , TÖRÖK Edina ,   Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Centre of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Biorecourses, University  of Babeș-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor 5-7, Romania,   Romanian Academy Institute of Biology, Splaiul Independenţei 296, 060031 Bucureşti, Romania, KERESZTES Lujza ,   Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Centre of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Biorecourses, University  of Babeș-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor 5-7, Romania
Published: September 2021

Here we present the first records of Cylindrotoma distinctissima distinctissima (Meigen, 1818) from Serbia, which represents a new family (Cylindrotomidae, Diptera) to the dipteran fauna of the country. Additionally, new records on this species are given from Bulgaria and Romania. New records of two other rare species of Cylindrotomidae, i.e. Diogma glabrata (Meigen, 1818) and Triogma trisulcata Schummel, 1829) are listed from Romania.
THE IMPORTANCE OF AESTHETIC ELEMENTS IN THE ART OF CINEMA AN ASSESSMENT ON
Authors: SAMUR Serpil
Published: September 2021

Besides being an art, cinema also reveals the existence of a linguistic ability. In this way, with a flexible and dynamic narrative structure that turns changed so as to maintain its coherence, which can create endless imaginative narratives and present these narratives that provide a structure which allows the viewer. Cinema is quite close to the appearance in life, and the illusion of reality is an inalienable attribute of it. Reality is sometimes used as a whole, sometimes a part of it is reflected on the screens. At the core of the language of cinema lies the visual perception of the world in which people live. The concept of aesthetics is essential to understanding the ways in which contemporary and popular culture interacts with cinema. Light, sound, color and movement elements are involved in providing visual communication. Color, one of the most important elements of visual design in the cinema industry, is at the heart of the narrative world created by cinema. Basically there is no color, there is light. The element of color can be said to be an aesthetic transformation of reality or a directed, interpreted sense of reality. Every image in the cinema is accepted as a sign as the carrier of the filmic image. In addition to this, cinema is a visual art, as well as an auditory art. Cinema, which was considered as an art before sound, has undergone a structural change with the introduction of sound. Cinema aesthetics is a special aesthetic area established with cinematography and dealing with beauty. For this reason, the aim of the study is to reveal the importance of aesthetic elements for the art of cinema. In addition, the basic aesthetic elements in the art of cinema are discussed in detail and it is tried to explain why aesthetic elements are important for the art of cinema. Keywords: Cinema Art, Aesthetics, Lighting, Color, Image, Sound.
Scientist Warning on Why you Should Consume Less; Even if Wider Society Doesn’t
Authors: Haswell Peter M.
Published: September 2021

Overconsumption presents a major obstacle to social and environmental sustainability. Systemic social, legal, and economic strategies are absolutely necessary, but individuals are still accountable for their lifestyle choices and associated environmental footprints. Anti-consumption (rejection, reduction, reclamation) has its limitations, but could contribute to pro-environmental change, helping resolve biodiversity and climate crises. Regardless of societal consumption patterns, individuals can still make great gains in well-being and personal development by upholding their environmental and social values, minimizing personal resource consumption. Challenging the cultural norms of overconsumption requires individuals to employ mental fortitude in attempts to act justly toward the entire community of life. As a species, given our rational capabilities and ability to meet our basic needs, we are highly capable of bettering ourselves and our environment.