bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental consanguinity and ovarian reserve: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Saeghi Shadya Al , Al-Mahrouqi Tamadhir , AL-Khadhuri Maha , AL-Ghabshi Rahma , AL-Sabti Jokha , Jose Sachin , Gowri Vaidyanathan
Published: January 2024

Background: Infertility affects around 10-15% of couples worldwide and is both a social and medical problem. Parental consanguinity is considered to reduce fertility reserve. Consanguineous marriages, especially first cousin marriages, are very common in Oman according to the Oman National Health Survey data.
Objective: This study aimed to determine whether women born to consanguineous parents have reduced ovarian reserve.
Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 414 women aged ≤ 39, treated for infertility at Sultan Qaboos University hospital and Royal hospital, Muscat, Oman from January 2019-December 2020. Each participant was interviewed and a complete history, including parental consanguinity and physical examination, were recorded. On day 2 of the menstrual cycle, serum concentration of the following was performed: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). AMH was done, if necessary, on other days of the cycle. Antral follicle count (AFC) was done on day 2 and 3 of the menstrual cycle.
Results: Of the 414 women, parental consanguinity was present in 40.2% of couples. In women with low AFC, parental consanguinity was present in 15.3% compared to 13.0% in the non-consanguineous group. About 15% of women with low AMH had consanguineous parents, compared to 20.2% from the non-consanguineous group. High levels of FSH were present in 6.5% and 4.2% of the consanguineous and nonconsanguineous groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed in AFC with reference to body mass index.
Conclusion: The results from this study showed no statistically significant difference in low ovarian reserves (AFC, AMH, and FSH) in women whose parents had a consanguineous marriage.
Key words: Consanguinity, Ovarian reserves, Infertility, Female.
Increased expression level of Dicer in placenta is associated with the early onset of preeclampsia
Authors: Mohseni Fatemeh , Shekari Mohammad , Malekzadeh Kianoosh , Nikuei Pooneh , Poordarvish Fatemeh , Atashabparvar Ali , Bamdad Kourosh
Published: January 2024

This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract.
Confluence of Mendelian Randomization with Clinical Trials as To Very Low Levels of LDL Cholesterol
Authors: Marte Chacra Ana Paula , Saldanha Anita L R , Pantoja Margeotto Ana Paula , Valera Gasparoto André Luis , Saavedra Ampuero Mariela Siria , De Castro Luiza Ferrari , Da Rocha Martinez Tania Leme
Published: January 2024

Atherosclerotic disease and its clinical manifestations, including acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among the atherogenic risk factors, the most well-documented and the one that determines a causal relationship with atherosclerotic disease is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values. It is essential to identify LDL-C as a therapeutic target to reduce cardiovascular risk, especially after the emergence of new drugs that further reduce LDL-C levels, with additional risk reduction. Our objective is to demonstrate that LDL-C is an important atherogenic risk factor and that any mechanism of reduction of plasma LDL-C concentrations reduces the risk of events proportional to the absolute reduction of LDL-C and the cumulative time of exposure to it. Mendelian randomization studies: even though the association between LDL-C and cardiovascular risk is well demonstrated and reproducible in meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, such studies are not randomized and therefore susceptible to biases such as reverse causality and confounders. Mendelian randomization is used especially when randomized controlled trials to examine causality are not feasible. This method will assess the causal relationship between a modifiable exposure, or risk factor, and a clinically relevant outcome. The confluence of the results of both Mendelian randomization and clinical trials leads to the same proposition: the lower the LDL-C, the better for the prevention of atherosclerotic lesions.
Artificial Intelligence and Values of the Society: The Impact and Formulation of Legal Narratives
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Civil and Legal Disciplines of the Smolensk State University, LL.D., Astapenko Pavel N.
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technogenic form of life created by man, possessing elements of subjectivity. The subjectivity being formed is autonomous relative to a human being. The source of AI development is data automatically read from billions of inhabitants, regardless of their will and desire. There is a latent impact of AI on the foundations of the social order, including the value concepts of society as a whole and of an individual subject (legal narratives). AI is unconstitutional and poses a real threat to the foundations of the social order of the Russian Federation, especially in terms of preservation and development of traditional values.
The Correlation between Legal Consciousness and Religious Values in History and Present Times
Authors:   Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the Smolensk State University, Doctor of History, Professor, Kazakov Mikhail M.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of the article is to find out how religious values influenced the legal consciousness in different historical epochs and what role they play in the legal consciousness of modern people. Historical examples show that from ancient times until modern times, the sense of justice was closely connected with religion. The separation of religious values from law took place during the bourgeois revolutions and in connection with the liberation from colonial dependence. The secularization of the state and law was accompanied by the development of a positivist legal concept, the main value of which was proclaimed to be the state, and law was interpreted as a creation of power. Along with the process of «cleansing» the law from its religious shell, there was an identification and justification of values that began to be called universal. In the modern world, while maintaining the differentiation of religious and secular values, the assessment of the former as predominantly spiritual, and the latter as predominantly material, remains unchanged. The presence of a material and spiritual principle in a person has always made it necessary to correlate legal consciousness with an orientation to the temporal, earthly or eternal, heavenly.
Benchmarks of Preservation of Traditional Values of the Contemporary Legal Science
Authors:   First Deputy Head of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of the Russian Federation (Academic Affairs), LL.D., Associate Professor, Desyatov Mikhail S.
Published: January 2024

Any research is accompanied by a permanent internal confrontation — the author’s courage in scientific search and caution (and sometimes fear) to show this courage. The desire of a scientist to conduct research on a new science-intensive problem of interest not only to him personally, but also to the scientific community, is often limited by him because of uncertainty about the validity of the novelty and relevance of the issues under consideration, the prospects and sufficient reasonableness of the proposals made, the ability to develop a scientific idea and convey its essence to the scientific community. As a result, the author finds himself in the conditions of choosing bold ideas and decisions, limited by the caution of their adoption and implementation. Moreover, this choice takes place at every stage of scientific research, starting with the choice of a topic and ending with a public speech justifying the results obtained. Reflections on this topic allowed us to formulate a number of conclusions and proposals designed to help both beginners and established scientists in the preparation of scientific articles, monographs, dissertation research. The terms “scientific courage” and “scientific caution” are proposed as conditional guidelines for preserving the traditional values of modern legal science.
Discreteness of Succession of the Russian State Law: Issues of Theory and Practice
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and International Law of the Law Institute of the Dagestan State University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Saybulaeva Saida A.
Published: January 2024

This article discusses the issues of continuity discreteness in the national state-legal system in theoretical interpretation and practical implementation. The article analyzes a counter-demonstrative socio-legal process involving non-acceptance (in some cases, active and demonstrative denial) of the continuity of national political-legal or socio-social provisions. Certain types, features, causes and political and legal consequences of continuity discreteness in the Russian state are identified. The practical manifestations of the rejection of the continuity of law are investigated. The relevance of continuity as the most important element of preserving the original national legal material for subsequent state-legal formations is emphasized, which in practice constitutes the legal self-identification of the domestic society at every stage of the reform of the state-legal system, including the modern period.
Ensuring Identity Security as a Task of the Government and the Society
Authors:   Head of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Law Faculty of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honored Lawyer of the Russian Federation, LL.D., Professor, Avakyan Suren A.
Published: January 2024

The author examines various aspects of constitutional means and means of other branches of law to ensure physical, spiritual and moral security of the individual, and the participation of government and society in this process.
On New Approaches towards the Establishment of Representative Government Authorities in Foreign Countries
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines of the School of Law of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Simonishvili Lia R.
Published: January 2024

The author analyzes forms of implementation of the principle of gender quotas in the formation of representative public authorities that have become quite widespread today. The author questions the effectiveness of this principle, in which holding a public authority is carried out not on an experience, qualifications and competence, but only on a gender. No less controversial seems to be mechanisms of state support for the operation of the considered principle.
New 8-Heterocyclic Xanthine Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Sucu Bilgesu Onur
Published: January 2024

This research focuses on the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the anti-cancer activity of novel 8-aryl substituted 1,3-diethylxanthine derivatives. The anti-proliferative activities of all the compounds were assessed using an MTT assay on four human cancer cell lines: breast cancer MCF7, human lung cancer A549, human brain cancers LN229, and U87. One of the derivatives of 1,3-diethylxanthine with a thiazole structure displayed strong anti-proliferative activity. 1,3-Diethyl-8-(thiazol-4-yl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione (5) exhibited the strongest activity against A549, MCF7, LN229, and U87 cell lines, with IC50 values of 16.70, 78.06, 22.07, and 25.07 μM, respectively. Furthermore, the scratch assay was conducted to evaluate the effect of compound 5 on the inhibition of cell migration in A549 cells. The consistent results demonstrate that compound 5 exhibits potent anti-cancer activity, which could be further investigated to enhance its biological potential.
Effect of conventional driving experience on trust in autonomous vehicles (L2 and 3): A review
Authors: Abolarin Emmanuel , Jia Bochen
Published: January 2024

One of the main concerns with SAE Level 3 automated vehicles is trust and the factors that influence it. Previous research has identified several factors, including prior experience with driving and similar technology. However, due to the lack of a verified system for measuring influencing factors, the acceptance of automated vehicles is still yet to be ascertained, despite several findings. This article reviews empirical literature examining the effect of prior experience on trust in automated driving. The result suggests that while manual driving skills may no longer be required in AV driving, they will remain essential in certain critical circumstances. The results further indicate that acceptance and trust in technology are affected by different factors depending on age. Older generations may be influenced by their previous experience with traditional driving skills, whereas younger generations may be influenced by their strong familiarity with similar technologies.
Character associations and path analysis in bambara groundnut grown in mid-altitude highland of Jos-plateau, Nigeria
Authors:   University of Jos, Namo OAT , Damfami A ,   University of Jos
Published: January 2024

Bambara groundnut is an indigenous African legume, which is the third most important after peanut and cowpea in terms of consumption and socio-economic impact in semi-arid Africa. There is, therefore, the need for adequate research attention, especially with regard to yield improvement. In this study, nine genotypes of the Bambara groundnut (Cream with white eye, Black with white eye, Cream with brown eye, Cream with black eye, Cream with black eye and brown stripes, Cream with brown stripes, Deep-brown with white eye, Cream with black stripes and Brown white eye) were evaluated at Kuru, Nigeria (Lat. 090 44'N, Long. 080 47'E, altitude 1, 217 m above sea level) in 2018 in order to determine character associations and to analyse the pathways to grain yield. Results showed that emergence rate, plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, harvest index, number of pods per plant and shelling percentage were positively correlated with total grain yield. The Results of the path coefficient analysis showed that the number of days to onset of flowering exerted the highest direct influence on total grain yield. Then followed by harvest index, emergence rate, 100-seed weight, net assimilation rate, shelling%, days to 50% flowering, relative growth rate, number of seeds per pod, and number of pods per plant. The highest total effect (0.988) was observed in 100-seed weight, followed by days to first flowering (0.837), days to 50% flowering (0.701), shelling % (0.658), emergence rate (0.574), number of pods per plant (0.557), relative growth rate (-0.375), net assimilation rate (0.226), harvest index (0.183) and number of seeds per pod (- 0.126) in that order. The study demonstrated that combining correlation and path coefficient analyses is important in determining reliable trait associations that can be used for developing superior genotypes. Therefore, days to first flower, days to 50% flowering, harvest index, emergence rate and 100-seed weight should be considered as major selection indices for the improvement of the Bambara groundnut in the Jos-Plateau environment in Nigeria. Key words: Correlation, direct effect, indirect effect, grain yield, Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.
Comparison of diurnal and seasonal patterns of feeding behaviour of cows and calves at Neudamm farm in Namibia
Authors:   University of Namibia, Simataa CB , Mapaure I ,   University of Namibia
Published: January 2024

This paper aims to compare the seasonal and diurnal feeding behaviour of cows and calves at Neudamm Farm in central Namibia. Seasonal bite rates of cows, diurnal bites of cows and calves, and diet composition and preference were assessed and compared. Ten cows and ten calves were followed and observed from a distance, in the morning and in the afternoon. The observations were done on the same cows during the wet and dry seasons while calves were only observed during the wet season. The number of bites taken by each animal within a continuous period of 5 minutes was recorded. Herbaceous plant inventory was done in the foraging area using a step-point method. Each herbaceous plant intercepted was assessed for evidence of grazing and its life form was recorded. Bite rates were compared between morning and afternoon, and between seasons using a two-sample t-test. Preference for life forms and species were tested using a Chi-Square test. The morning bite rate of 38 bites/minute of cows during the wet season was significantly higher than that of the morning dry season of 34.9 bites/minute. This is attributed to the high abundance of nutritious forage resources during the wet season when animals did not have to do much searching compared to the dry season. Afternoon bite rates of cows did not significantly differ between seasons. Morning bite rates were significantly lower in the mornings than in the afternoons in winter. This was because cold morning temperatures slowed down animal feeding rates but increased with the progression of the day. Bite rates of calves did not significantly differ between morning and afternoon during the wet season because they were still learning to forage while being dependent on the mothers for milk. Cattle preferred Schmidtia pappophoroides, Eragrostis trichophora, Heteropogon contortus and Eragrostis nindensis due to their palatability and high grazing value. Nidorella resedifolia, despite being very abundant, was avoided because it contains a toxic alkaloid. Key words: Bite rate, cows, calves, diet preference, herbaceous composition, Namibia, Neudamm farm
Application of digital image processing method for roasted coffee bean quality identification: a systematic literature review
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Santoso I , Yuanita EA ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Karomah RS ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2024

In coffee processing, there are several important stages, one of which is roasting. The roasting process is an important determinant of coffee quality. Determination of coffee quality can be done using digital image processing methods to produce parameters and quality classifications precisely, make images of better quality so that photos and moving images can be easily understood. This analysis uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) for the identification, evaluation, and interpretation of all available research results on the topics discussed. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the main quality parameters and the best digital image processing methods used in classifying the quality of roasted coffee beans. From the results of the analysis of 31 journals, it is known that the parameters for evaluating the quality of roasted coffee are color parameters, texture parameters, and shape parameters. The color parameters consist of Red Green Blue (RGB), Grayscale, Hue Saturation Intensity (HSI), and L*a*b* features. The texture parameters consist of energy, entropy, homogeneity, and contrast. As for the feature shape parameters, they are area, circumference, diameter, and percentage of roundness. Results of the analysis show that the main parameter that plays an important role in assessing the quality of roasting coffee is the color parameter. This can be seen from the function of the color parameter in quality identification based on the image of the roasted coffee beans. The quality parameters used are image capture, image resolution, training data, testing data, iterations, and accuracy values. In addition, the resulting image processing methods used for quality classification include Backpropagation (BP), Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). Based on results of the analysis, the best method for classifying the quality of roasting results is Backpropagation, and it is known that the accuracy value of this method has a high range of values. Key words: Backpropagation, K-Nearest Neighbour, Learning Vector Quantization, Coffee Bean Roasting, Image Processing
Typologie des systemes de productions du bovin de race djelli (Bos taurus indicus) dans les communes de Gotheye, Sinder et Say au Niger
Authors:   Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Guero CI , Grema M ,   Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Abdou MMM ,   Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Adamou KI ,   Université Djibo Hamani de Tahoua, Issa M ,   Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey
Published: January 2024

The development of Djelli cattle breeding in Niger remains a challenge due to prejudices about its productivity. The particularities of its production systems have not been sufficiently developed. The aim of this study is to develop a typology of local Djelli cattle production systems in six localities in the communes of Gothèye, Sinder and Say in Niger. A survey was carried out among 150 breeders. Discriminant factor analysis (DFA) and hierarchical ascending classification (HAC) were used to identify three types of production system: The first type is made up of transhumant herders whose main activity is livestock rearing and who belong to the Peulh ethnic group. This type is characterized by large herds (27 head). They have 3 breeding cows and 4 suckling cows for 16 breeding females. The second type is made up of sedentary breeders. Their main activities are fishing and trading, and they belong to the Sonrai socio-cultural ethnic group. Their herds are modest (17 head), comprising 2 breeding and 5 suckling cows for 11 breeding females. The third type is made up of semi-transhumant herders. Their main activity is farming, and they belong to the Sonrai socio-cultural ethnic group, with an equally modest herd size (18 head). The number of breeding cows is similar to that of the sedentary herders (2 head). However, the number of sucklers is reduced to 3 head for 10 breeding females. The daily intake of bran concentrate per suckling female is the highest (5 kg of bran concentrate per day). The ratio of lactating females to females of breeding age was r =0.45 in the sedentary group, compared with r =0.30 in the semi-transhumant group and r = 0.25 in the transhumant group. The results also showed that the rearing environment is dominated by a diet of rice straw (39%) and rice bran (49%). The most frequently vaccinated disease on the farms was pasteurellosis (87.3%), and the highest deworming rate was 40%. The environment also revealed a variation in lactating females for the riparian localities of Say and Yelwani (5.4±2.6b and 6.0±2.8b respectively), which are very significantly different (P<0.001) from the non-riparian localities of Koulbaga and Tassikoirey (2.9±1.2a and 2.8±1.20a respectively). In conclusion, sedentary farmers are the most productive in a food environment dominated by rice crop residues and diseases such as pasteurellosis and endoparasites. Key words : Production systems, herd size, sedentary breeders, lactating female
Effect of rosemary and thyme extracts on the fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, quality and some fat health related indices of chicken burger
Authors:   The University of Jordan, Mebarkia El hadja M , Al-Abdullahal-Sawalha B ,   The University of Jordan, Mashal R ,   The University of Jordan
Published: January 2024

The current study aimed to include natural ingredients (rosemary and thyme extracts, as well as a combination of them) in the formulation of chicken burgers in an attempt to improve their fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, quality and some fat health related indices. Four batches of chicken burgers were manufactured: product 1: control burger, product 2: burger fortified with rosemary extract, product 3: burger fortified with thyme extract, product 4: burger fortified with rosemary and thyme extracts. The samples were analyzed for their chemical characteristics (moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates), fatty acid profile, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) to determine lipid oxidation, and nutritional quality of chicken burger by calculating the atherogenic and thrombogenic indices, polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio, and omega-6 / Omega-3 (ω 6/ω 3) fatty acid ratio. The results showed that the incorporation of extracts in the chicken burger caused a significant decrease in the percentage of trans-fat from 0.06 to 0.02 and atherogenic (AI) and thrombogenic (IT) indices from 0.30 to 0.26 and from 0.79 to 0.72, respectively. A non-significant decrease in saturated fatty acid (SFA) from 27.33 to 27.23was noted. However, a significant increase in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) from 15.36 to 19.67, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) from 47.28 to 48.88, ω 6/ω 3 ratio from 13.49 to 15.85, and PUFA/SFA ratio from 0.56 to 0.72 in chicken burger was observed. Whereas addition of the extracts had a variable influence on the sensory characteristics of the freshly prepared and stored burgers. It was concluded that the fortification of chicken burger with rosemary and thyme extracts improved the nutritional and quality properties and gives a desirable change in sensory evaluation. Key words: Rosemary extract, Thyme extract, Fatty acid profile, Health indices
Effect of NPS and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates for Small Pod Hot Pepper Production (Capsicum annuum L.) Variety at Kellem and West Wollega Zones
Authors: Kena Kibiru , Latera Alemayehu
Published: January 2024

Background: Small pod hot pepper is grown as an annual crop and produced for its fruits. It is one of the most important vegetable crops for fresh consumption, for processing and as a spice (for making stew). The current study aimed to identify the response of different NPS and N fertilizer rates on growth, yield and yield components of small pod hot pepper production in West and Kellem Wollega zones and to determine the optimum and appropriate application rates of NPS and N fertilizer in the study area. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at HaroSabu Agricultural Research Center on station, Sedi Canqa and Lalo Qile sub sites of Kellem Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia, during the 2020 and 2021 main cropping seasons. Thirteen fertilizer combinations were used as experimental materials. Result: The combined analysis of variance for total yield and other agronomic traits revealed highly significant differences in, plant height, plant canopy length, number of pods per plant and total dry pod yield; whereas days to flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, pod length, pod diameter and pod weight revealed non-significant effect. In this experimentation, the combination of 150 kg/ha NPSand 150 kg/ha N(urea) fertilizer rate was found superior in terms of economic yield (marketable yield), and yield component parameters. The marginal rate of return also directed the highest net benefit from the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea). Thus the combined fertilizer rate of 150 kg/ha NPS and 150 kg/ha N(urea) is recommended for the yield increment of small pod hot pepper in the studied areas of Western Oromia.
Penguatan Literasi Informasi pada Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Eksplanasi melalui Media Pembelajaran Berbantuan Teknologi
Authors: Islami Nelita Indah , Sastromiharjo Andoyo , Kurniawan Khaerudin
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari artikel ini untuk mengulas peran penting dari media pembelajaran berbantuan teknologi dalam penguatan literasi informasi siswa  yang dalam konteks ini pada pembelajaran menulis teks eksplanasi. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penekatan studi literature. Tinjauan literatur adalah cara untuk menilai dan memeriksa secara kritis suatu pengetahuan, konsep, atau temuan dari berbagai sumber tertulis sebelumnya atau temuan dari sumber-sumber tertulis yang telah dibuat sebelumnya. Hasil dan Pembahasan pada artikel ini memuat empat bahasan yang secara terpusat membahas mengenai pemanfaatan media pembelajaran berbantuan teknologi dalam meningkatkan literasi informasi pada pembelajaran menulis teks eksplanasi. Simpulan yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan media berbantuan teknologi dapat dijadikan sebagai inovasi media pembelajaran  dan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif dalam meningkatkan literasi informasi dalam segi meningkatkan kemampuan mengakses informasi serta mengevaluasi kualitas informasi.
The Indo-Pacific Child Trafficking Dynamics: Islamic and Cultural Viewpoints
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Mursal  , Syaflin Halim  , Desminar  , Ramadhansyah Fery
Published: January 2024

This research reviews the child protection paradigm in the Indo-Pacific region, especially in Indonesia, by highlighting the imbalance between the status of developed countries and the need to develop thinking and implementation of Islamic law. The research results show that understanding of Islamic law regarding child protection is in line with human rights principles and the Child Protection Law. Factors influencing child trafficking involve the social and economic conditions of countries, while movements, interactions, and changes in child trafficking systems reflect the complexity of this problem. Child protection agencies highlight the mode of child trafficking through online channels and loose borders, with the main obstacles being differences in levels of understanding and lack of coordination between countries. Parents emphasized education, the role of the community in prevention, personal experiences related to concerns about children's safety, and participation in children's education. Parents' hopes include strengthening legal and policy frameworks involving cultural values and Islamic law, as well as community support for more effective prevention efforts. In conclusion, this research provides critical insight into the role of Islamic law and cooperation between government and society in protecting children from trafficking in the Indo-Pacific region.
Filozofia języka a psychologia obiektywna
Authors: Wołoszynow Walentin Nikołajewicz
Published: January 2024

W tym rozdziale książki Марксизм и философия языка (Marksizm i filozofia języka) autor uprawia krytyczną, dialektyczną i przekształcającą lekturę tekstów pochodzących z tradycji idealistycznej, której celem jest uchwycenie zależności między psychiką a ideologią. Zdaniem Wołoszynowa, obie omawiane przez niego szkoły psychologiczne – Diltheyowska i funkcjonalistyczna – choć wyrosły na gruncie idealizmu, to pod pewnym względem są sobie całkowicie przeciwstawne: pierwsza ustanawia jakiś rodzaj wspólnoty między tym, co psychiczne, a tym, co ideologiczne w postaci znaczenia, druga dąży do ścisłego rozgraniczenia tych dwóch sfer. Finalnie otrzymujemy autorską – dialektyczną – propozycję teoretyczną rozumienia tej zależności, która zarazem uprawomocnia istnienie marksistowskiej filozofii języka: „nowej” dyscypliny badawczej powoływanej przez Wołoszynowa na kartach pracy Марксизм и философия языка.
Food insecurity and sociodemographic factors among university students: an exploratory study
Authors: Oliveira Leandro , Figueiredo Tiago , Martins Mel , Owen Nicole , D’Orey Francisco , Rossoni Carina
Published: January 2024

Food insecurity is a situation that occurs when an individual does not have physical, economic, and social access to healthy food to satisfy their basic nutritional needs. University students can be a vulnerable population group in the face of food insecurity due to limited financial resources, and increased costs associated with studies. This exploratory study aims to assess the prevalence of food insecurity and its relationship with sociodemographic factors in higher education students. To this end, an online questionnaire was developed and disseminated by institutional email and Facebook to the students. The sample had 62 participants, mostly female (85.5%), attending bachelor (88.7%) in a public higher education institution (50.0%). About 27.0% of the students’ households were food insecure. Correlations were found between insecurity and certain variables, namely, it was observed that the greater the food insecurity,, the greater the age and body mass index, and the lower the monthly income of the household. A correlation was also found regarding the student worker status. These results may be taken into account for the development of new studies with university students with a view to exploring factors related to food insecurity.
Inspection of the tank car fleet for availability of oil spill
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Zyablov Dmitriy Vyacheslavovich , Bespalko Sergey Valeryevich ,   Russian University of Transport (MIIT)
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to the survey of the petrol tank fleet from the point of view of availability and size of the transported product spill zone. Based on the results of measurements, the final characteristics of the spill zones were determined: the length along the axis of the tank boiler, the angle of the zone, the length of the arc, the area of the spill zone. Probabilistic characteristics are calculated and integral distribution functions for each parameter are constructed. It is established that distribution of geometric characteristics of the spill zones is close to the normal law. The obtained results are proposed to be used when choosing the parameters of the tank boiler protection system from fire.
Model of adaptive regulation and traction resource management with identification in the railway transportation process
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sirina Nina Fridrikhovna , Rusin Dmitriy Lvovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The current state of the JSC «Russian Railways» locomotive complex is analyzed in the context of landfill technologies and active digitalization of production and economic processes. The mechanism of comprehensive assessment of the distribution of locomotives and adaptive mechanism for regulating the areas serviced by locomotive crews are considered, which allow to realize the potential of locomotive enterprises to fulfill the established parameters of the use of traction facilities on the infrastructure. The organizational model of adaptive regulation and management of traction resources is proposed, which makes it possible to organize, at the request of carriers, the provision of traction and locomotive crews by independent commercial structures and individuals on a competitive basis.
Environmental aspects in operation of a gasoline car with antitoxic system
Authors:   South Ural State University (NIU), Gritsenko Alexander Vladimirovich , Glemba Konstantin Vyacheslavovich ,   South Ural State University (NIU), Menshenin Alexander Sergeevich ,   South Ural State Agrarian University (SUrSAU), Chokoy Stepan Andreevich ,   South Ural State Agrarian University (SUrSAU)
Published: January 2024

In the Russian Federation, unlike the European countries, where the Euro-6 standard is in effect and introduction of Euro-7 is expected until 2025, the Euro-5 standard has been adopted and the possibility of introducing Euro-6 is only being formed, but the production and technical infrastructure of the service is not ready for this. The article defines the main parameters characterizing the qualitative and quantitative difference of the fuel-air mixture and their effect on the output parameters of exhaust gas toxicity, examines in detail the areas of change in toxicity parameters when varying the main operating modes of the engine, analyzes the maximum and minimum values of toxicity parameters and possible areas of their displacement in case of changing the technical condition of engine systems. As a result of theoretical studies, it was revealed that concentration of toxic components of exhaust gases before entering the converter may be several times different from mode to mode. Such operation at the limit of the maximum degree of conversion of the catalytic converter accelerates its aging, leads to the loss of operational properties and, as a result, to deterioration in the environmental safety of the car.
Selection and evaluation of the ARIMA model for passenger traffic flow forecasting
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Ie O.N.
Published: January 2024

Short-term forecasting of transport traffic flow is one of the main areas of research in the field of intelligent transport systems. In recent years, a large number of studies on traffic forecasting have been conducted. However, it is difficult to pick the most appropriate traffic forecasting method for a particular application. Naive methods are widely used due to their low computational costs and simplicity of implementation. But the accuracy of these methods is usually quite low. Clustering methods average out the traffic variables within a certain group of days based on similar traffic models. Macroscopic simulation models take into account only such global variables of the road network as traffic density, average speeds and flows. The advantage of nonparametric models lies in the fact that they enable us to model complex, dynamic and nonlinear processes occurring in road traffic. One of the forecasting options for passenger traffic is the forecasting on the basis of time series processing, which allows obtaining rather reliable results. Currently, considerable attention is given to the spatiotemporal forecasting. ARIMA processes are flexible linear models which can accurately describe a wide range of various time series behavior, including medium-term peaks and troughs. Despite the fact that these basic models are quite simple to describe, their evaluation requires extensive computer calculations. This paper investigates the problem of seasonality modeling when studying the time distribution of passenger traffic flow in road transport. The basic information for predicting passenger traffic flow is the data obtained during the daily parsing of the online service for searching traveling car companions (edem.rf (едем.рф)) for 12 months (February 2022 - January 2023).
Reverse engineering in the study of brake system elements
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Ivanov P. Y. , Dulsky E. Y. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU), Emelyanov D. O. ,   Irkutsk State Transport University (ISTU)
Published: January 2024

Braking efficiency plays an essential role in increasing the local and maximum train speeds. Braking of railway rolling stock directly depends on successful operation of both mechanical and pneumatic parts of the train braking system. The reliability and efficiency of rolling stock brakes necessitate the regular search for new scientific approaches to the study of topical issues in this technical field. The reduction of the braking distance, growth of the local traffic speed, increase in the working resource of consumables are the key evaluation metrics of the task being solved, the ultimate goal of which is to increase profits, reliability and safety in the transportation process. One of the new digital approaches to the study of fatigue wear of key elements of the train braking network is reverse engineering (3D scanning). In the course of the study conducted by the authors, the method of reverse engineering was tested, the object of which was the brake pad of the railway rolling stock. The testing method is described, which is based on a new approach to the study of elements of train braking systems. The result of the study was that the authors obtained a digital 3D model of a real brake pad with a certain degree of wear.
Modeling seismic impact on substrate with a damping layer. Comparison of analytical and finite element methods
Authors:   Lengiprostroy JSC, Merkuryev Yu. S.
Published: January 2024

The mathematical modeling of seismic impact on the railway subgrade has been considered. While modeling used the coefficients of horizontal and vertical ground accelerations, regulated by building codes, and the generated accelerogram. Analyzing the stability and stress-strain state of the subgrade during an earthquake reduires calculations carried out in the GEO5 «Slope Stability» and GEO5 FEM software packages. The convergence of the results has been assessed. The most unfavorable combination of directions of seismic impact components has been determined, and a conclusion has been made about their influence on the calculation results. The values of the stability coefficient for the embankment, the magnitude of stresses and deformations in the structure of the subgrade and foundation have been given for various parameters of the design scheme and for different earthquake intensities. The results of the analysis allow to estimate the correctness of the reflection of the picture of the stress-strain state of the embankment has been assessed. The necessity and effectiveness of using the finite element method for calculating the stress-strain state of a soil structure taking into account seismic effects is substantiated. The nature of the influence of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the roadbed structure on its stability and stress-strain state during an earthquake has been determined. The author made some calculations of a structure with a damping layer introduced into the structure to reduce the negative impact of seismicity. The dependences of the stability coefficient, stresses and deformations in the roadbed on damping parameters have been determined. The possibility of increasing stability, reducing stresses and reducing deformations of the subgrade under seismic influences using a damping layer or using soil with certain physical and mechanical characteristics as a material for embankment has been established.
Using the UCAIMS software package for maintenance of infrastructure elements
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Parakhnenko Inna L. , Sattarova Margarita V. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article describes the main flaw detection tools, their features and conditions of use, describes the process of transferring information between railway infrastructure facilities, considers the software package “Unified Corporate Automated Infrastructure Management System” (UCAIMS), and offers suggestions for improving the system.
Determining the length of the acceleration track
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Golochalov Nikolay S.
Published: January 2024

The development of locomotive traffic safety systems has led to the fact that it is already possible to move freight trains at the yellow signal of the passing traffic light of most sections at the speed of more than 60 km/h due to the use of virtual coupling technology, in which the calculation of the permissible speed curve is carried out taking into account information about the movement of the train ahead transmitted between locomotives via radio channel. This means that it is possible to reduce the delimiting interval between trains on the stages without reducing the speed. Due to this, in areas with heavy traffic, it is possible to obtain the actual inter-train interval less than the one designed for three-digit auto-blocking, if a corresponding reduction in the interval of passing departure is ensured. The existing algorithms of station automation limit the possibilities of reducing the departure intervals, so there is a need to study the capabilities of stations to implement intervals smaller than was laid down when designing the site. To do this, the simulation of the departure of trains in virtual coupling was carried out. The conditions under which it is necessary to build the acceleration track are determined, and the method for determining its length is also presented.
Modeling of processes of automated shift-daily planning of cargo loading on railway transport
Authors:   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTrU), Aripov Nazirjon M. , Kamaletdinov Shokhrukh Sh. ,   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTrU)
Published: January 2024

Shift-daily loading planning is one of the important tasks of transportation organization by rail. In order to ensure the quality of transportation, the improved planning technology is proposed. To analyze and study the proposed system, a model based on a Petri net has been developed, and the Floyd-Warshell algorithm has been applied to find the shortest distances to loading resources.
Up-to-Date ERP Systems as a Production Organization Instrument
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Nesterenko Prokhor S. , Vokhmyanina Anna V. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: January 2024

The article considers the use of the system of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) as an instrument for the effective organization of enterprises work. Pros and cons of ERP systems, functional peculiarities are emphasized. The data of ERP systems implementation are analyzed, as well as the problems associated with its implementation and use.
Design Thinking in Higher Education: Opportunities and Challenges for Decolonized Learning
Authors: Lake Danielle , Guo Wen , Chen Elizabeth , McLaughlin Jacqui
Published: January 2024

This article builds upon current research to understand the value and limitations of teaching and learning design thinking (DT) in higher education. We implemented a mixed-methods study with faculty and students across 23 diverse courses in four higher education institutions in the United States. Findings showed that following structured learning processes, engaging in active listening, and focusing on others’ perspectives were the most valued DT practices across disciplines. In contrast, prototyping and experimentation were the least used DT practices, with widely varying understandings across disciplines. Additionally, we found consistent evidence that DT can support liberatory teaching and learning practices that decolonize students’ perceptions of power, encourage situated and action-oriented empathy, and provide opportunities for co-creation. This is particularly true when faculty intentionally encourage collaboration and project framing focused on critically analyzing dominant ways of knowing and power structures. Our analysis further revealed the challenges and importance of prototyping and conducting experiments with project partners. Ultimately, this approach can significantly enhance liberatory project outcomes and facilitate decolonized learning experiences. Given our findings, we point out limitations and challenges across current DT pedagogical practices and provide recommendations for integrating DT practices across disciplines in ways that center on issues of systemic oppression, social identity, and human-environmental relationships.
Apontamentos sobre as mulheres na capoeira
Authors: Queiroz Fernanda Castro de
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a performance das mulheres na capoeira Angola e Contemporânea. Ao observar a capoeira por meio do corpo da mulher, pergunta-se sobre a tradição masculina construída até aqui, já que ao longo do tempo ela foi apresentada em uma perspectiva hegemonicamente masculina. Discute-se como as mulheres, por meio de suas performances, têm construído o fazer capoeira, como essa performance se apresenta e altera os saberes e poderes dessa prática. Conclui-se, tendo em vista o corpo das mulheres como meio para questionar a tradição da masculinidade construída, que a performance pode ser refletida enquanto uma prática de negociação, na qual o corpo mostra as múltiplas estratégias das mulheres para reelaboração da capoeira.