bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban Critical Infrastructure’s Governance Framework for Climate Resilient Cities
Authors: Lomba-Fernández Cinta
Published: September 2020

Climate change affects cities worldwide conditioning their sustainable development. Cities will concentrate around 70% of the world population by 2050 accounting for 75% of the world’s resources consumption. For that reason, cities must act against climate change adopting resilience strategies. Resilience strategies recognize the importance of the reliability and functioning of urban critical infrastructures as they provide essential services for the citizens and they are crucial for the resolution and recovery of the crises. However, the integration of critical infrastructures in the city climate resilience strategies is challenging because critical infrastructures are complex systems, strongly interconnected one to each other and generally, they belong or are operated by private companies. This research proposes a governance framework for better integration of the management of urban critical infrastructures into the city climate resilience strategy. The framework has been developed from academic literature and has been enriched with insights from workshops and interviews with experts and practitioners. As a result, the framework tackles four aspects of governance: (1) modes of governance; (2) stakeholders’ roles; (3) processes and (4) instruments. These aspects will help to improve the vertical integration, cross-sectorial coordination, innovation and knowledge, and cooperation needed for improving city resilience.  Keywords: City Resilience; Urban Critical Infrastructures; Governance Framework; Climate Change Adaptation
Inclusive Institutions – a Precondition of Sustainable Development. A Comparative Analysis Between Romania and Poland
Authors: Socoliuc (Guriță) Oana-Ramona , Pohoață Ion , Diaconașu Delia-Elena
Published: September 2020

When trying to identify the sources of growth and sustainable development, institutions and their effectiveness are among the most important and powerful instrument required to explain the economic dynamics of countries all over the world. More precisely, those rules, formal or informal, political or economic, that foster the participation of the majority of people in activities able to ensure the allocation of resources to their most productive destinations are the ones that promote long-term prosperity. Their significance is becoming even more important when the particular case of transition economies is addressed. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate that inclusive institutions (political and economic ones) are a prerequisite for the long-run development, mainly for emerging economies. Using an unique dataset of indicators that highlight the quality of economic and political institutions we have employed a VEC Model, variance decomposition and Granger causality analysis for Romania and Poland, in order to emphasize that, from a comparative perspective, each transition path towards the market economy has designed different rules of the game determining, thus, dissimilar development profiles.

 Keywords: Sustainable development, Transition economies, Institutions, Institutional performance
Efficiency of Social Protection of the Rural Population in the United Territorial Community
Authors: Samborska Oksana
Published: September 2020

Social defense exists in the developed countries of the world long time, and a large value is spared to the special attitude toward national minorities. The necessity of social defence purchased wide application in the end XIX and beginning of XX of century, includes the different types of defence of citizens in case of temporal loss of capacity for diverse reasons, unemployment, professional diseases, industrial accidents, pension system. This system is the complex of socio-economic and legal guarantees of every citizen of country. Social defence of population is called to create the normal terms of residence and stay of citizens in a middle a country, and is priority direction of realization of social politics.

Keywords: social protection, minimum payments, state policy, community
Analysis of Informal Microfinance Institutions Structures in Relation to Performance in Tharaka South Subcounty, Kenya
Authors: Kaua Caxton Gitonga , Thenya Thuita , Mutune Jane Mutheu
Published: September 2020

Informal microfinance is the delivery of financial services mainly to low income people outside the regulation of the monetary authority. Despite their importance in development, no studies have undertaken a detailed analysis of structures and performance in informal microfinance institutions. This study aims to analyze structures and performance in informal microfinance institutions in Tharaka South Sub County. It uses descriptive study design and multi stage sampling design. Data analysis was done using thematic, descriptive and Kendall’s tau-b correlation analysis. An informal microfinance performance index was developed using inductive and hierarchical approaches. The study found the informal microfinance institutions are marked by high performance which is determined by their structures. Moreover, the study deduced that informal microfinance is a key policy strategy for poverty alleviation, financial inclusion, gender equity and resilience building since participants mainly include women and other vulnerable groups.

Keywords: Capital, Livelihoods, Informal, Microfinance, Performance, social
Challenges of Sustainable Urban Development in the Context of Population Growth
Authors: Profiroiu Constantin Marius , Bodislav Dumitru Alexandru , Burlacu Sorin , Rădulescu Carmen Valentina
Published: September 2020

Lately, we face many challenges that threaten the well-being of society and the quality of life. All of these challenges are complex and closely related, which means that one approach can have positive consequences for others. In this context, population growth, an extremely delicate subject, from a social and ethical point of view has generally become a threat to the entire planet, and in particular, to urban agglomerations. At the global level, population growth puts even greater pressure on basic resources, from fresh water to fertile land, endangering the very existence of humanity. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the population trend globally, as compared to the population trend in the big urban agglomerations, as well as the evolution of some indicators of the quality of life depending on the population growth. Following the analysis, we aim to identify various challenges and develop proposals for the sustainable development of urban space.
Measuring Innovative Employee Behavior in an Enterprise – Methodological Aspects
Authors: Wyrwa Joanna
Published: September 2020

Innovativeness is currently one of the basic determinants of development and building competitiveness in modern organizations. It is conditioned by a number of factors, among which an important group are internal factors related to the activity and participation of employees in the generation, development and implementation of innovative ideas, among other things. Modern enterprises cannot limit themselves to active adaptation, but should themselves become innovative organizations characterized by skillfulness in creating, implementing and disseminating innovations. The aim of the study is to present the concept of measuring innovative employee behavior in the internal perspective of the organization. The article discusses the main methodological problems regarding the employee innovation measurement model. The implementation of the objective required reviewing the literature and developing an independent research model. The novel nature of the issues raised, together with the high relevance of the research problem at hand, prompted the need to pay special attention to the correct design of the research process. As the literature indicates, decisions made at the design stage of research, and further diligence in implementing those decisions, determine not only the quality of the research project itself, but more than anything, the credibility of the conclusions drawn on their basis.

Keywords: innovative behaviours, employee behaviours, stimulate innovations, research methods, scientific research
A Sustainable Governmental Intervention Policy for Slum Upgrading: Road Infrastructure in Railway Down Quarter, Kaduna, Nigeria
Authors: Iliya Suleiman , Gürdallı Huriye
Published: September 2020

The urban cities in Nigeria are experiencing a deformation causing an urban decay with poor housing construction, improper use of unplanned land hindering urban spatial development. In this paper examination of slum prevalence in Nigeria and aims to propose development scheme to improve informal settlement of the urban cities focusing on governmental intervention and development policies in all level of governmental authorities to upgrade the living conditions and obtain value for the urban low class. Harvesting the potential of the work force of this regions for urban development, aims to provide highlight to the use of infrastructural development particularly road network to aid connectivity and urban design. A review of informal settlement mainly on the absence of infrastructure and degraded environmental conditions in an unplanned settlement in the city of Kaduna popularly known as Railway Down Quarter, proposes a possible strategy and approach for a sustainable upgrading policy. This research develops a conceptual approach of the necessity of mainly road infrastructure a medium that introduces services and a sustainable development in informal settlements in Kaduna, Nigeria by government intervention. 

Keywords: Slum upgrade, government policy, road infrastructure, Railway Down Quarter, Kaduna, Nigeria
The Essence and Specific Characteristics of the Fiscal Mechanism for Regulating the Investment Development of the National Economy
Authors: Rudenko Viktoriia , Voloshchuk Ruslan
Published: September 2020

The issues of the place and role of the state in the investment process has not lost relevance for many decades. Some scholars, appealing to the experience of developed countries, propose to minimize the role of the state in the investment sphere. This view is based on the fact that state participation cannot ensure a more efficient allocation of investment resources than a market mechanism of self-regulation. Other scholars believe that all the troubles in the economy are due to the fact that the state has minimized its influence on the investment sector, thereby causing a decrease in its activity. Obviously, both positions of scientists cannot be rejected mechanically. However, the practice of conducting investment activities in Ukraine has clearly shown that the state's departure from the investment sphere has actually cleared the way for anarchy and inconsistency in the investment process. At present, the state is obliged to influence investment activity by choosing effective means of its regulation, relying primarily on the fiscal mechanism. The article is devoted to the study of the essence of the fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment development of the national economy and the identification of its specific features. The specifics of the scientific tasks that are the subject of the study required the use of a set of special methods, the use of which helped to analyze the essence of the fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment development of the national economy and to highlight its specific characteristics. The etymology of the concept of “fisc” is considered in the article. Approaches to the interpretation of the term “mechanism” are highlighted. The economic meaning of the definition of “regulation” is substantiated. The essence of the fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment development of the national economy is determined. The specific features of the fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment development of the national economy are singled out and characterized. The study found that the impact of the fiscal mechanism on the investment development of the national economy is due to its specific characteristics and the focus of its components at solving specific problems and achieving a real effect due to financial resources that are formed, distributed and used to meet the investment needs of economic entities.  Keywords: fisc, mechanism, regulation, investment development, fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment development of the national economy
The Solution to Safety Crisis in Railways after Privatisation
Authors: Ito Hiroki
Published: September 2020

Privatisation of infrastructure is expected to improve the effectiveness of operation, whereas it is possible to cause excessive rationalization. Especially in the field of railways, excessive rationalization causes fewer investments in the maintenance of assets and undermines safety. Railways play a critical role to develop the economy in a sustainable way and have a significant impact in the region, but their safety must be prioritised. In fact, the UK government privatised British Rail and founded Railtrack, which was specialised in the railway track maintenance, but the Hatfield accident raised awareness for safety and led to the renationalising Railtrack into Network Rail. Likewise, in Japan, National Railways was privatised and divided into separate companies (JR), but among them JR Hokkaido has been causing a large number of accidents and troubles. Based on the review of the process and outcomes of the privatisation of railways in the UK and Japan, this paper discusses the way to improve their safety sustainably. In conclusion, it validates the intervention of governments in railway companies suffering from poor financial health.

 Keywords: Privatisation, Railways, Safety, British Rail, Railtrack, Network Rail, Governmental intervention
Families Benefiting from Social Assistance in Poland - Strategies and Barriers to Poverty Reduction
Authors: Pokrzywa Magdalena
Published: September 2020

The article aims to characterize the remedial strategies undertaken by Polish families using social assistance to minimize material deprivation and the main barriers to empowerment of such families. The source of data are the results obtained as part of the author's own research, which were conducted with social workers in Poland and had quantitative (500 CATI) and qualitative (90 IDI) nature. In families living in difficult economic conditions, both active and passive activities are used to obtain the missing funds. Active strategies include taking up a job (permanent, additional or occasional, legal or in the so-called ‘gray area’), selling or exchanging skills, time and goods, borrowing money, or applying for support to institutions (which is mainly a female domain). Women also implement many passive strategies that involve saving or reducing consumption by, for example, preparing dishes from cheap products, shopping in places with the lowest prices, buying second-hand items, etc. The main barriers to minimizing the poverty of families benefiting from social assistance in Poland are related to their life attitude and the gender of its members. Remedial strategies for difficult financial situations undertaken by poor families benefiting from social assistance vary depending on the type of family, problem(s) they experience and the resources they have. The strategies undertaken also depend on the gender of family members experiencing poverty.

 Keywords: poverty, family, social assistance, social worker, gender
Legal Culture as a Condition for Sustainable Development of Ukrainian Society
Authors: Kachur Vira , Khomiachenko Svitlana , Moriak-Protopopova Khrystyna , Protosavitska Liudmyla
Published: September 2020

At the beginning of the 21st century mankind was confronted with such global challenges in various spheres of life as environmental problems, starvation and impoverishment of the majority of the world population, degradation of morality, increasing regional and interethnic conflicts, terrorism and others. The idea of sustainable development is the answer to these challenges today. Legal culture is one of the conditions for sustainable development of Ukrainian society. It allows to rethink the role and importance of state and legal institutions for ensuring sustainable development both at the ordinary and scientific level. This role is revealed by the tasks performed by the legal culture. The formation of the philosophy of sustainable development of the population, an understanding of the values and needs of stakeholders, the involvement of individuals in the system of legal values, and legal support for all activities aimed at achieving the sustainable development goals defined in the final document of the UN Summit on Sustainable Development “Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” are among them. Carrying out legal socialization of various subjects of public life, developing an appropriate legal position for them will allow achieving social justice, building the foundations of inclusive development, ensuring the rule of law, eradicating corruption and restoring confidence in the state and its institutions, strengthening social cohesion, ensuring the interaction of state bodies with the public and self-organizing activities of citizens.

Keywords: sustainable development, legal culture, consciousness, life position, social orientation, consciousness, life position, social orientation, legal values
Green Logistics: The Way to Environmental Sustainability of Logistics. Empirical Evidence from Polish SMEs
Authors: Zowada Krzysztof
Published: September 2020

The needs related to natural environment protection, which are accentuated both in world literature and practice, became the main prerequisite to find new management concepts enabling the development of solutions which are environmentally responsible and economically effective at the same time. One of the concepts which can be an answer for the requirements related to environment protection is the ‘green logistics’ concept. The literature review shows that publications referring to the development of ‘green logistics’ have  so far focused primarily on the processes of implementation and development of ‘green logistics’ in large enterprises. In other words, the reviewed research studies didn’t take into account the specific nature of the SME sector, which is a very important factor considering its diversity and, most of all, its high significance and size in the economy. As a consequence, a research gap related to the development of ‘green logistics’ among small and medium-sized enterprises was identified. To explore the identified research gap, a survey among 200 SMEs running their businesses in Poland was conducted. On the basis of the conducted research, it was revealed that SMEs’ activities related to environment protection when running logistics processes are mostly determined by actual legal provisions. However, this amounts to enterprises reaching a certain minimum related to the state's environmental policy. On the other hand, it’s worth emphasising the role of the supply chain leader, which becomes a strong driving force for implementing ‘green’ solutions in the area of logistics for enterprises with higher levels of ‘green logistics’ development. The research results can be a starting point for creating a model illustrating the development of ‘green logistics’ in the SME sector.

Keywords: green logistics, environmental sustainability, SME
Poverty of Leadership, Coronavirus and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Ikegbu Ephraim Ahamefula , Iwuchukwu Godwin C. S. , Aloysius Ekanem Samuel , Ariche Chrisantus Kanayochukwu
Published: September 2020

Historically, Nigeria as a socio-political formation has experienced and still experiencing about 21 years of uninterrupted democratic rule since the civilian takeover of leadership through the ballot box from the military in May 1999. All over the world, civilian or democratic leadership is remarkable for its freedom of expression/speech, rule of law, quality leadership through the provision of infrastructure, health care facilities, quality education and other social amenities. This paper which shall use analytic, expository and rational methods argued that poor leadership, in appropriate policies and pursuit of personal drives have denied the masses the benefit of good leadership and governance. The paper argues further that absence of leadership credentials and rationality have further placed Nigeria on a cross road thereby making it unable to take appropriate steps in combating the novel coronavirus pandemic. Leadership ineptitudeness, political and financial rascality, corruption and high –level ethnic and religious profligacy have denied the people adequate development of education and health sector, which made it difficult for Nigeria to respond positively in the fight against coronavirus. The paper concludes, that consistent and pragmatic elimination/erosion of ethno-religious, linguistic and cultural boundaries from our consciousness will birth into positive mental restructuring of the leadership class that will navigate into a process of positive direction that will make Nigeria to respond positively towards finding solution to problems rather than depending on the west, development of home grown medicine remains a combative therapy in a hopeless situation such as this 2020 global living.

Keywords: Poverty, Coronavirus, Leadership, Sustainable, Development
Integration of Economic Aspects in the Research of the Agricultural Market of Ukraine
Authors: Sievidova Iryna , Pakhucha Elina , Oliynyk Olexandr , Oliynyk Tamila , Plyhun Serhii
Published: September 2020

The necessity and importance of conducting agricultural market research was substantiated. Features of the process of marketing research were identified, taking into account the specifics of agricultural production and sales according to time requirements. The basic principles on the basis of which the algorithms for conducting market research are developed and directly carried out were determined. The main requirements for conducting research on the state of the agricultural market were outlined, the most important being objectivity, impartiality and independence from personal or political interests. The factors that should be taken into account when conducting marketing research on the state of the agricultural market were determined, taking into account both controllable and uncontrollable factors of the marketing environment. The stages of marketing research that meet the requirements of the agricultural market were offered. Gross production volume of agricultural products was predicted and trends in the whole branch were discovered, a polynomial trend line was chosen because the equation of this model has the highest coefficients of correlation and determination, and so it describes the dynamics most reliably. The agricultural market was studied in terms of marketing, i.e. from the perspective of two subsystems, the first of which is represented by the supply, and the second by the demand. It was established that the supply of basic foodstuffs is realised by means of domestic production, and the demand is realised by means of internal and external buyers.

The overall price situation on the agricultural market in Ukraine was analysed and predicted. The contemporary features and problems of formation of prices for agricultural products are outlined. The research on the modern state of agricultural market gave a reason to claim about its development being rather steady, reaffirmed by the positive dynamics of gross agricultural production volume.

Key Words: agricultural marketing, marketing research, economy, development trend, agricultural market, agricultural produce.
Community Preparedness for Disasters in Delhi: An Empirical Evaluation
Authors: Gautam Upma , Tewari Deeksha Bajpai
Published: September 2020

Background: During a disaster, the community remains the primary and the sole line of response for quite long time period and therefore, incorporating local communities in disaster recovery and risk reduction is crucial, critical component. Aim: Evaluating the vulnerability of a selected society on four aspects: Information, Awareness, Training and Preparedness in a multi hazard prone state of Delhi, India, constitutes the central focal point of this study. Methodology: The data primarily was collected through two separate questionnaires administered to the sample of 726 respondents in the age group of 15 – 75 years. Community was sub-divided into two groups – First included professionals, housewives, retired persons (n= 280) and second included students of school (n=160) and college/university level (n= 286). The sampling technique employed was stratified random with methodology as empirical and analytical. Findings: The study affirms, firstly, that there is lack of awareness of the community about disaster plan, its components and agencies entrusted with disaster planning; secondly, there is a vague understanding about their role both during and post disaster; thirdly, significance of participation in training is also underestimated. Recommendations: A roadmap for increasing resilience of communities through effective training and outreach programs for capacity building up for the ‘whole’ community. 

Keywords: Disaster risk reduction, community preparedness, resilience, participation, disaster management
ANTI–CORRUPTION MECHANISMS IN RUSSIAN LEGISLATION ON MUNICIPAL SERVICE
Authors: Kazantseva O.L.
Published: September 2020

The state policy of the last decades has made significant progress in the formation and legislativeconsolidation of anti-corruption mechanisms in the municipal service. Despite the measures taken by thestate to combat corruption, the situation in the country remains tense, abuses of public power are becomingsystemic, new forms and types of corruption appear. An analysis of the current legislation on municipalservice made it possible to draw a number of conclusions about the existing problems in this area and proposeoptions for their solution.
COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF LAWS ON PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA
Authors: Kovalenko E.Y. , Tydykova N.V. , Kusainova A.K.
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the comparative legal analysis of the laws on physical culture and sports inthe Russian Federation and the countries of Central Asia. The laws of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan are analyzed. Structural and semantic similarities are revealed, as well asdifferences in approaches to some issues. Some provisions of foreign laws can be used by the Russianlegislator in the work to improve the Federal Law of 04.12.2007 N 329-FZ “On physical culture and sports inthe Russian Federation”. Based on the experience of these countries, it was proposed to consolidate the listsof rights and obligations of individuals in the field of physical culture and sports, to regulate in more detailthe development of national sports, to specify other possible sources of financing for sports, in addition tobudgetary funds, to strengthen the position of the law on sports in education, health care systems, in theworkplace and in correctional institutions, to increase the role and responsibility of the media in promotingphysical culture and sports. The new provisions of the Russian law regarding the regulation of the activitiesof fitness centers were positively assessed and recommended for use by foreign legislators.
Percepção de pessoas idosas sobre o seu corpo
Authors: Frias Ana , Teixeira Filomena , Magalhães Emília
Published: September 2020

Portugal é um dos países da União Europeia que possui maior percentagem de população com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos – 21,1% em 2017 (SAKELLARIDES, 2019), sendo o índice de envelhecimento de 159,4 pessoas idosas por cada 100 jovens (INE, 2019). Tal realidade comporta, necessariamente, implicações e desafios a que importa atender na edificação de uma sociedade democrática, justa e promotora do fortalecimento das pessoas de todas as idades (LIMA, 2016). O envelhecimento, enquanto processo inerente à vida do ser humano é experienciado de forma diferente pelos indivíduos, em função de múltiplas dimensões, com impacto no corpo e na aparência (BLESSMANN, 2004). Nesse sentido, considerando o paradigma do envelhecimento ativo – enquanto processo de otimização das oportunidades para a saúde, participação e segurança, e de promoção da melhoria da qualidade de vida durante o envelhecimento (OMS, 2005) bem como o do envelhecimento saudável (OMS, 2015) – enquanto processo de desenvolvimento e manutenção da capacidade funcional que permite o bem-estar em idade avançada, marcando a trajetória de saúde de cada indivíduo, considerou-se premente investigar a perceção de pessoas idosas sobre o seu corpo. Relata-se aqui um estudo de natureza exploratória, ainda em curso (enquadrado num estudo comparativo entre Portugal e Polónia), onde se inquiriram 19 pessoas com 60+ anos de idade a frequentar 2 Universidades Seniores do Norte de Portugal, a fim de dar resposta à questão «Como é que pessoas idosas que frequentam a universidade sénior veem o seu corpo?». Os principais resultados evidenciam: i) uma perceção de corpo enquanto ‘realidade biológica’; ii) que os/as participantes cuidam do seu corpo; iii) que as pessoas idosas, atualmente, têm ‘preocupação com a sua aparência’; iv) sendo ‘o enfoque atual na corporalidade um desafio para todos/as e não apenas para as pessoas idosas’.
Resultados de investigación educativa desde el modelo histórico-cultural y la teoría de la actividad en la Universidad Iberoamericana de Puebla
Authors: Solovieva Yulia , González-Moreno Claudia Ximena , Rosas-Rivera Yolanda , Mata-Esquivel Adriana , Morales-González María Alejandra
Published: September 2020

El paradigma histórico-cultural y la teoría de la actividad representan un modelo teórico-metodológico para realizar investigación educativa. Este enfoque ofrece una visión dialéctica y dinámica sobre el proceso del desarrollo del niño y el rol de la educación en sus diversos niveles. El método fundamental de investigación de este enfoque es el experimento formativo, que fue denominado como genético-experimental por el propio Vigotsky, así como la evaluación educativa que se puede realizar desde el análisis estructural de la actividad. En este artículo se analizan los avances obtenidos en las investigaciones educativas aplicadas a los participantes de edad preescolar, la edad escolar y adultos. Las investigaciones se realizaron como proyectos de tesis doctorales, sus resultados se presentaron en ponencias, artículos y capítulos en libros. Se discuten las aportaciones originales desde este modelo teórico-metodológico.
O Enem nas pesquisas acadêmicas: saberes e práticas docentes em foco
Authors: Nascimento Carla Alessandra de Oliveira , Guimarães Selva
Published: September 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a produção acadêmica no Brasil que tem como objeto  o Enem e dialoga com teses que focalizam as implicações do Enem nos saberes e práticas de professores. Trata-se de um estado do conhecimento, por meio de levantamento, seleção, categorização e análise de  teses produzidas nos programas de pós-graduação do país e publicizadas no Catálogo de Teses & Dissertações da CAPES, no período de 2001 a 2018. Foram identificadas 147 teses em diferentes áreas, as quais foram organizadas em doze categorias.  A análise do corpus, formado por 11 teses, evidenciou processos de aproximações, tensões, aceitação, críticas, resistências, deslocamentos de resistências, ampliação conceitual e influências diretas nos  saberes  e nas práticas docentes, mais  pela motivação e demanda dos estudantes e da mídia do que pelos canais oficiais.
Do North American Migratory Barren-Ground Caribou Subpopulations Cycle?
Authors: Bongelli Eric , Dowsley Martha , Velasco-Herrera Victor M. , Taylor Mitchell
Published: September 2020

Unlike all other members of the deer family, subpopulations of barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) are typically sine-cyclic. We used Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) to rank competing population dynamics models for 11 North American barren-ground caribou subpopulations. Nine of these subpopulations were best described as sine-cyclic with periods ranging from a minimum of 26 years (Bluenose-East and Porcupine) to a maximum of 55 years (Western Arctic); and amplitudes ranging from a minimum of 8 455 (Cape Bathurst) to a maximum of 327 432 (George River). Time series estimates of subpopulation abundance generated by the sine cycle models showed good correspondence to published subpopulation estimates of abundance for all nine sine-cyclic subpopulations (r = 0.978; p < 0.001). Lack of demographic closure (migration between subpopulations) was evident in both of the subpopulations that were not identified as sine-cyclic. Barren-ground caribou subpopulation amplitudes were mostly determined by subpopulation total range size and summer range productivity (R2 = 0.962; p < 0.001) and subpopulation periods were mostly determined by amplitude, total range productivity, and land surface temperature (R2 = 0.950; p < 0.001). Time series estimates of subpopulation abundance generated from the respective environmental regression models were highly correlated (r = 0.964; p < 0.001) to the published subpopulation estimates of abundance for the set of 9 sine-cyclic subpopulations. Extended (> 3 generations) subpopulation declines are a natural feature of cyclic barren-ground caribou subpopulations. Trends in species abundance based on pooled assemblages of asynchronous cyclic subpopulations should be interpreted with caution.
VALUE at RISK (VaR) DAN CONDITIONAL VALUE at RISK (CVaR) DALAM PEMBENTUKAN PORTOFOLIO BIVARIAT MENGGUNAKAN COPULA GUMBEL
Authors: Prihatiningsih Dina Rahma , Maruddani Di Asih I , Rahmawati Rita
Published: September 2020

One way to minimize risk in investing is to form of portfolio by combining several stocks.Value at Risk (VaR) is a method for estimating risk but has a weakness that is VaR is incoherent because it does not have the subadditivity. To overcome the weakness of VaR, Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) can use. Stock data is generally volatile, so ARIMA-GARCH is used to model it. The selection of ARIMA models on R software can be automatically using the auto.arima() function. Then Copula Gumbel is a method for modeling joint distribution and flexible because it does not require the assumption of normality and has the best sensitivity to high risk so that it is suitable for use in stock data.The first step in this research is to modeling Copula Gumbel-GARCH with the aim to calculate VaR and CVaR on the portfolio of PT Bank Mandiri Tbk (BMRI) and PT Indo Tambangraya Megah Tbk (ITMG). At the confidence level 99%, 95%, and 90% obtained the VaR results sequentially amounted to 3.977073%; 2.546167%; and 1.837288% and the CVaR results sequentially amounted to 4.761437%; 3.457014%; and 2.779182%. The worst condition is a loss with VaR and it is still possible if a worse condition occurs is a loss with CVaR so that investors can be more aware of the biggest loss that will be suffered.Keywords: Value at Risk, Conditional Value at Risk, Auto ARIMA, Copula Gumbel.
PENERAPAN RESPONSE BASED UNIT SEGMENTATION IN PARTIAL LEAST SQUARE (REBUS-PLS) UNTUK ANALISIS DAN PENGELOMPOKAN WILAYAH (Studi Kasus: Kesehatan Lingkungan Perumahan di Provinsi Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Pratiwi Febriana Sulistya , Sudarno Sudarno , Rusgiyono Agus
Published: September 2020

Residental environmental health is a complex problem that depends on several dimensions. One of the statistical method that can be used to analyze the relation between complex dimensions is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a variant/component based approach or Partial Least Square. The purpose of this study is to develop a structural model of the relation between household economy, education, housing facilities, and residental environmental health in Central Java Province in 2018 based on 12 valid and reliable indicators. In the structural equation model there is a significant positive effect path that is the influence of household economy towards education and towards housing facilities, and influence housing facility on the residential environment health. In SEM analysis it is generally assumed that the data taken comes from a homogeneous population but often the data consists of several segments. Therefore, we need a method to detect heterogeneity problems, namely Response Based Unit Segmentation in Partial Least Square (REBUS-PLS). Based on the dendogram produced, by forming 2 classes/segments,  values as the accuracy of the prediction model on the local model had a higher value (except  values for Education in local model 2) than  values on the global model. In addition, the Goodnes of Fit value as a measure of model suitability for each local model is also had a higher value, so that it indicates the goodness of the model in the local model is better than the global model.Keywords: environmental health, SEM, PLS, REBUS-PLS
Lokus Kendali Internal dan Kemampuan Interpersonal sebagai Prediktor Kesiapan Mengelola Bisnis
Authors: Wahyu Agung Minto , Mantara Angga Yuni , Noorrizki Rakhmaditya Dewi
Published: September 2020

Students' ability to operate their business will be determined by certain aspects. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of internal locus of control (X1) and interpersonal ability (X2) on the readiness to manage business (Y). This research uses quantitative methods with linear regression analysis. Subjects were 141 business students. Sampling method that was used in this research was a purposive sampling technique using a Likert scale. Descriptive test results indicate that most students have internal locus of control, interpersonal skills, and readiness to manage businesses that are in the medium category. Partial test shows that X1 has a positive and significant effect on readiness to manage business Y. Variable X2 has a positive and significant effect on Y. Simultaneous results show that X1 and X2 have positive and significant effects on Y. In next research researchers are expected to be able to broaden the scope of the subject and explore further about the independent variables that have the ability to influence the readiness to manage the business. More detailed discussions and suggestions have been discussed in this study.
The relationship between the level of satisfaction on the growth of Instagramable Place and Motivation of the Users in increasing Income
Authors: Setiawan Cynthia , Tampubolon Lamtiur Hasianna
Published: September 2020

Instagram in Indonesia is used as a Marketing Strategy. Along with the development of the use of Instagram, gave rise to the trend of new lifestyles and habits that have an impact on the improvement of the appearance of Instagramable places. One of the most Instagramable which became the goal of the millennial generation is the island of Bali. The island is a tourist destination that is a complete, integrated and has many tourist attractions Instagramable. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the level of satisfaction on the growth of Instagramable places and motivation of the users in increasing income. The type of research used in this study is a research associate with the use of quantitative methods and data collection techniques with the dissemination of the questionnaire to the 130 respondents. The research concludes there is a positive relationship with the level of medium strength between the satisfaction on the growth of instagramable place and the motivation of users in increasing their income with a score of 0.486 using the calculation of the correlation test manually.
Determinant Analysis of Salesperson's Performance at PT. Prima Zirang Utama Semarang
Authors: Widiartanto Widiartanto , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research is to test empirically the effect of salesperson behavior, sales activity planning, and performance orientation on salesperson performance at PT. Prima Zirang Utama Semarang. The research method used is the survey method, namely research that takes a sample from a population and uses a questionnaire as the main data collection tool. The type of research used is explanatory research. The samples studied were all salespeople at PT. Prima Zirang Utama Semarang, totaling 36 people. The result of this research is that there is a positive and significant influence between the salesperson's behavior, sales activity planning, and performance orientation on the salesperson's performance. This can be seen from the significant value in the ANOVA recapitulation of 0.026 indicating a value smaller than 0.05. This means that the regression model is feasible to predict the effect of salesperson behavior variables, sales activity planning, and performance orientation on salesperson performance variables.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Antara Nebulisasi Lidokain dan Spray Lidokain untuk Mencegah Refleks Batuk pada Tindakan Bronkoskopi dengan General Anestesi
Authors: Oetarman Anna Erliana , Kusuma Edward , Maulydia Maulydia , Utariani Arie
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang: Batuk sering terjadi pada tindakan bronkoskopi. Batuk menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pasien dan menimbulkan kesulitan pada pelaksanaan tindakan bronkoskopi sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi akibat bronkoskopi seperti perdarahan intrabronkial, bronchospasme, dan pneumothorax. Batuk pada tindakan bronkoskopi dapat dicegah dengan pemberian anestesi lokal lidokain.Tujuan: Membandingkan efek nebulisasi lidokain 2 % dibandingkan spray lidokain 10% dalam mencegah kejadian batuk pada tindakan bronkoskopi dengan anestesi umum.Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada 20 pasien usia 18-65 tahun dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I dan II yang menjalani tindakan bronkoskopi dengan anestesi umum menggunakan intubasi oral. Pasien dibagi 2 kelompok: kelompok spray lidokain 10% dan kelompok nebulisasi lidokain 2% dengan dosis lidokain yang sama yaitu 2 mg/kgbb. Tanda vital (tekanan darah, laju jantung, saturasi oksigen serta frekuensi napas) dan kedalaman anestesi dengan bispectral index (BIS) diukur selama bronkoskopi. Spray lidokain dan nebulisasi lidokain diberikan sebelum pembiusan dilakukan. Kemudian dievaluasi kejadian batuk dan derajat batuk selama dan setelah tindakan bronkoskopi. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan dua metode yaitu uji Mann Whitney dan uji Wilcoxon. Uji Mann Whitney dengan derajat kemaknaan p<0,05 untuk membandingkan kejadian batuk pada kedua kelompok selama dan dua jam setelah bronkoskopi, sedangkan uji Wilcoxon dengan derajat kemaknaan p<0,05 untuk membandingkan derajat batuk sebelum bronkoskopi dan selama bronkoskopi pada masing kelompok.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna derajat batuk antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian spray lidokain maupun nebulisasi lidokain (p<0,05). Ada perbedaan bermakna derajat batuk antara kelompok spray lidokain dibandingkan nebulisasi lidokain (p<0,05), dimana nebulisasi lidokain menimbulkan derajat batuk lebih rendah dibandingkan spray lidokain. Tidak ada efek samping pada penelitian ini.Kesimpulan: Pemberian nebulisasi lidokain 2% lebih efektif menekan refleks batuk dibandingkan spray lidokain 10% pada tindakan bronkoskopi dengan general anestesi.
Analisis Heat Island pada Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Kayong Utara, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Fawzi Nurul Ihsan , Iswari Marindah Yulia
Published: September 2020

Between 2000 – 2017, 3.06 million hectares of primary forest in Kalimantan have been converted into palm oil plantation. This change impacts local climate changes. This study aims is to analyze the heat island in palm oil plantation. The analytical method used surface temperature estimation through remote sensing and zonal statistics. The remote sensing data that are used is Landsat 8 images acquired on 15 July 2018 and 3 August 2019. From this research, we found that young palm oil plantations have an average IHI value of 2.1 ± 1.7oC in 2018 and 1.7 ± 1.4oC in 2019. The IHI value is close to the heat island in a built-up area. IHI for mature palm oil plantation (11-12 years) created a cool island with an intensity close to secondary forest. The decreasing value of IHI for 2018 and 2019 in palm oil plantations is due to the growth of palm oil trees, which decreases surface temperature. The implication of this research is to know heat island effect due to deforestation or land cover changes, especially change into palm oil plantations.
Carbonic anhydrase VA deficiency: a very rare case of hyperammonemic encephalopathy
Authors: Olgac Asburce , Kasapkara Cigdem Seher , Kilic Mustafa , Keskin Ebru Yılmaz , Sandal Gonca , Cram David Stephen , Haberle Johannes , Torun Deniz
Published: September 2020

Objectives

Carbonic anhydrase VA (CAVA) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism that leads to acute metabolic crises, especially in the neonatal or infantile period. It is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme CAVA, which is encoded by the CA5A gene.

Case presentation

Fifteen patients with homozygous pathogenic CA5A mutations involving 10 different lesions have been reported in the literature up to date. Main clinical and biochemical features of CAVA deficiency include lethargy, hyperammonemic encephalopathy, metabolic acidosis, elevated lactate and hypoglycemia. In most patients reported so far, a single metabolic decompensation attack has been reported, and they have remained stable thereafter with no further crisis.

Conclusions

We report the 16th case of CAVA deficiency, who was diagnosed by whole-exome sequencing and showed a typical course of the disease with normal development at 18 months.
Nanolaser arrays: toward application-driven dense integration
Authors: Deka Suruj S. , Jiang Sizhu , Pan Si Hui , Fainman Yeshaiahu
Published: September 2020

The past two decades have seen widespread efforts being directed toward the development of nanoscale lasers. A plethora of studies on single such emitters have helped demonstrate their advantageous characteristics such as ultrasmall footprints, low power consumption, and room-temperature operation. Leveraging knowledge about single nanolasers, the next phase of nanolaser technology will be geared toward scaling up design to form arrays for important applications. In this review, we discuss recent progress on the development of such array architectures of nanolasers. We focus on valuable attributes and phenomena realized due to unique array designs that may help enable real-world, practical applications. Arrays consisting of exactly two nanolasers are first introduced since they can serve as a building block toward comprehending the behavior of larger lattices. These larger-sized lattices can be distinguished depending on whether or not their constituent elements are coupled to one another in some form. While uncoupled arrays are suitable for applications such as imaging, biosensing, and even cryptography, coupling in arrays allows control over many aspects of the emission behavior such as beam directionality, mode switching, and orbital angular momentum. We conclude by discussing some important future directions involving nanolaser arrays.