bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
АНАЛІЗ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНИХ МОДЕЛЕЙ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В СФЕРІ ТУРИЗМУ ТА ГОТЕЛЬНО-РЕСТОРАННОЇ СПРАВИ
Authors: ПЕТЛЬОВИЙ Михайло , НЕСТОРИШЕН Ігор , РУДНІЧЕНКО Євгеній
Published: November 2024

В статті досліджено особливості використання інноваційних моделей розвитку підприємництва в галузі туризму та готельно-ресторанного бізнесу. Авторами зазначено, що проведені дослідження вказують на важливість впровадження цифрових технологій, таких як штучний інтелект і інтернет речей (IoT) з метою покращення клієнтського досвіду та оптимізації операційної ефективності . Авторами зауважено, що інноваційні моделі розвитку підприємництва в сфері туризму та готельно-ресторанної справи спрямовані на адаптацію до нових потреб споживачів, використання сучасних технологій, оптимізацію бізнес-процесів та створення унікальних пропозицій. Окремо відмічено, що моделі допомагають підвищити конкурентоспроможність, залучити нових клієнтів і забезпечити стійкий розвиток в умовах швидких змін у сфері туризму та гостинності.
НАПРЯМИ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ БЕЗПЕКООРІЄНТОВАНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ЛОГІСТИЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: ШАТАРСЬКИЙ Артур
Published: November 2024

У статті наголошено, що система безпекоорієнтованого управління суб’єктів логістичної діяльності є ефективною при налагодженні процесів модернізації фінансово-економічного, організаційно-управлінського, нормативно-методичного, інтелектуально-кадрового, інформаційно-аналітичного, техніко-технологічного, інституційно-правового забезпечення. Провідною характеристикою безпекоорієнтованого управління суб’єктів логістичної діяльності запропоновано розглядати підвищення якості розроблення та реалізації управлінських рішень, що залежить від чіткого визначення окремих підсистем відповідно до регуляторного впливу на економічну, інвестиційну, техніко-технологічну, маркетингову та іншу сферу підприємництва. Пріоритетними орієнтирами безпекоорієнтованого управління логістичною діяльністю виділено досягнення ефективності, стабільності, стійкості та іншого, що визначає достатність ресурсного забезпечення, необхідність зовнішніх запозичень та можливості для посилення конкурентного становища підприємства. Наголошено, що процеси осучаснення та оновлення системи безпекоорієнтованого управління повинні відбуватися на постійній основі та мати необхідне ресурсне забезпечення, що орієнтується на покращення фінансових, економічних, соціальних та інших результатів підприємницької діяльності. Отримані результати дослідження дозволили запропонувати такі напрями вдосконалення системи безпекоорієнтованого управління суб’єктів логістичної діяльності в умовах діджиталізації, як покращення ресурсного забезпечення реалізації управлінських рішень, осучаснення структурно-функціонального бачення управління, дотримання базових та впровадження нових принципів і стандартів управління, впровадження інновацій та провідних цифрових технологій в систему управління.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ СКЛАДОВІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ БЕЗПЕКОЮ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ
Authors: БІЛЕЦЬКИЙ Ігор , КОНДРАТЕНКО Наталія , РУДАЧЕНКО Ольга
Published: November 2024

У статті обґрунтована актуальність визначення функціональних складових управління фінансово-економічною безпекою суб’єктів господарювання. Встановлено, що проблеми ефективного управління фінансово-економічною безпекою суб’єктів господарювання зумовлено постійним підвищенням ризиків господарської діяльності, наявність та зростання яких може призвести до значного зниження рівня фінансового та економічного стану суб’єктів господарювання. Метою статті є визначення функціональних складових управління фінансово-економічною безпекою суб’єктів господарювання та особливостей її забезпечення в умовах зовнішніх і внутрішніх загроз.
Зазначено, що фінансово-економічна безпека є важливою частиною управління суб’єктом господарювання, яка захищає: фінансові інтереси підприємства від шкідливих внутрішніх і зовнішніх загроз та інтереси власників; контролює фінансові ресурси; має здатність протистояти існуючим і майбутнім небезпекам, які можуть завдати значні економічної шкоди. Встановлено, що ФЕБ є однією із важливих характеристик забезпечення захисту діяльності будь якого суб’єкта господарювання від впливу негативних факторів зовнішнього та внутрішнього оточення і відображає рівень ефективності та стабільності його функціонування. До того ж, оцінка фінансового стану підприємства та спостереження за використанням його економічного потенціалу є необхідною умовою для створення системи фінансової та економічної безпеки підприємства.
Відзначено, що проблема управління фінансово-економічною безпекою суб’єкта господарювання в умовах сьогодення та практична реалізація її функціональних складових була і залишається актуальною для вітчизняних підприємств, оскільки система менеджменту ФЕБ передбачає не лише визначення та відстеження змін рівня безпеки загалом, але й систематичне вдосконалення процесу взаємодії суб’єктів та об’єктів безпеки.   У результаті проведеного дослідження функціональних складових управління фінансово-економічною безпекою суб’єктів господарювання зроблено висновок про взаємозв’язок між управлінням ФЕБ та  фінансовою діяльністю підприємства, що дало змогу  конкретизувати об’єкти ФЕБ та визначити спектр пріоритетних завдань суб’єктів безпеки.
Foreign exchange market disequilibrium, bitcoin price volatility, and macroeconomic performance: Comparative analysis of selected African and ASEAN countries
Authors: Umoru David , Idode Sunny O. , Igbinovia Beauty
Published: November 2024

This study has empirically examined the impact of foreign exchange market disequilibirum and Bitcoin price volatility on macroeconomic performance in African (Nigeria and Ghana) and ASEAN (Singapore and Malaysia) nations. The quantile regression method was executed. The research findings are as follows: A 1 percent increase in exchange rate disequilibrium contributed to GDP of Singapore by 0.001319 percnt while improves the GDP of Malaysia by 0.0086 percent respectively. The significance of such forex market has tended towards stability. Comparatively, the disequilibrium in the exchange rate signficantly reduces GDP of Nigeria. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the impact from the 10th quantile was seemingly in decreasing order. A similar declining size effect was found for Ghana from the 10th to the 40th quantile, and from the 50th to the 90th quantile, the size effect on Ghana’s GDP increased in magnitude. The  economic significance of these findings is a reirnforncement of the instability of the foreign exchnaeg market in Nigeria and Ghana. The first and seventh quantiles in Singapore and Malaysia were mostly affected by the fluctuations in bitcoin prices. Bitcoin's price volatility had a considerable impact on the GDPs of Ghana, Malaysia, and Nigeria in every quantile (10th to 90th). GDP was positively impacted by significant inflation from the 10th to the 40th percentile. In the 90th quantile, there was just an inverse relationship between inflation and real GDP. All quantiles of Nigeria's GDP were  inveresely impacted by the inflation rate, while it had negligible effects on Ghana's GDP . By quantitatively identifying the effects that foreign currency market disequilibrium and Bitcoin price volatility have on the real GDP growth rate in the countries covered by the study, the research findings additionally supplement the scant available evidence. The government should ensure that they always have a buffer stock of foreign currency such as the United States Dollar (USD) so as to be able to manage any shock that may create unfavourable volatility in the local foreign exchange market in Nigeria.
A thorough analysis of the impact of nonextraction and extraction methods in orthodontic therapy – A review
Authors: Agrawal Palak , Jadhav Vikrant , Bhaiyya Palak
Published: November 2024

Orthodontic treatment is a common way to repair various skeletal and dental malocclusions, improving function and appearance. Choosing between extraction and nonextraction techniques, each with its pros and cons is one of the most important choices made when arranging an orthodontic treatment. This review paper assesses the two methods' clinical concerns and results, offering a thorough study of each. This approach dives into the decision-making process, considering elements such as crowding, patient preferences, tooth-size discrepancy, and facial profile, which help orthodontists choose the best course of action. To conduct a comparative analysis, the clinical and biomechanical features of extraction and nonextraction techniques were examined. This includes investigating the length of the treatment, its intricacy, and any discomfort that may be felt. This article dives into the long-term effects of each technique by examining the impact on facial aesthetics, the stability of the results, and the likelihood of relapse. An extensive analysis of the literature on the outcomes of both extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatment is the primary goal of this review. We considered occlusal connection modifications, arch dimensions, and the stability of outcomes following therapy. To provide a comprehensive picture of the consequences of different treatment methods, the impacts on patient satisfaction, temporomandibular joint function, and periodontal health were also assessed. This research delves into the effects of technological advancements in orthodontics, including temporary anchorage devices and aligners, and how these advancements affect the decision between extraction and nonextraction techniques. To provide orthodontists with a more nuanced view of their decision-making, new trends and modern treatment choices that defy conventional dichotomies are investigated.
A systematic review of LEO satellite services for IoT
Authors: Castro-Carrera Alejandro
Published: November 2024

The term "Industry 4.0," or the "fourth industrial revolution," is used to describe a period of significant technological advancement within the manufacturing sector. This revolution is characterized by the integration of advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, robotics, augmented reality, additive manufacturing, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and cybersecurity, into the manufacturing processes. In this context, the IoT plays a pivotal role in the collection and transmission of data in real-time, thereby facilitating informed decision-making and process optimization. Nevertheless, the implementation of this technology is confronted with considerable challenges pertaining to connectivity, particularly in remote locations. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites have been identified as an effective solution, providing global connectivity and support for IoT applications in inaccessible regions. The present study conducts a systematic review of research on the use of LEO satellite constellations, addressing issues of coverage, latency, protocols, and data transmission efficiency for the IoT. A search of databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology, yielded forty relevant articles for analysis. The results underscore the significance of Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN), protocols such as Long Range (LoRa) and Long-Range Frequency Hopping Spead Spectrum (LR-FHSS) in IoT satellite communication, while also highlighting the challenges and advances in integrating space and terrestrial networks. Consequently, this review serves as a valuable foundation for future research and practical applications in Industry 4.0.
Legal and economic issues of geographical indications for agricultural products in Poland and Ukraine
Authors: Suchoń Aneta , Stoliarchuk Nadiia
Published: November 2024

Geographical indications are beginning to make an important place in the agri-food products market, as they ensure the recognition of products on the world market, therefore the issues of ensuring their protection and effective use are relevant. The main goal of the study was to conduct a comparative statistical analysis of legal and economic issues of geographical indications of food products in the agricultural sector of Poland and Ukraine. The research used the methods of descriptive statistics, the method of comparative analysis, the graphic method, the monographic approach, and the abstract-logical method. The structure of agricultural market output of European Union countries, Poland, and Ukraine was investigated. It was established that Ukraine is dominated by the export of plant products, while Poland and the European Union countries focus on goods with added value. An analysis of geographical indications in force by product category and geographical indications in force by legal means was carried out. Geographical indications registered in Poland and Ukraine for specific types of products were examined. It was established that fresh fruits, vegetables, and cereals predominate among the categories of registered geographical indications in Poland, while wine and mineral water are the most common groups of geographical indications registered in Ukraine. The approaches to the interpretation of the category of geographical indication in the European Union, Poland and Ukraine in accordance with the norms of the current legal acts have been analysed, and the main differences have been established. An analysis of the main common and different approaches to the regulation of geographical indications in the European Union, Poland and Ukraine in accordance with the regulatory framework was carried out. It has been established that in Poland there are different registration procedures and authorities for goods of industrial property and separately for agricultural goods. In the European Union, there is a separate regulation on geographical indications of alcohol. In Ukraine, there is a separate procedure for the registration of only alcoholic beverages, and there is no separate procedure for agricultural products. The results of the study are of practical importance for regulatory bodies of Ukraine in the direction of innovation development and expansion of intellectual property protection procedures in the agricultural sector
Methodical aspects of determining strategic directions for the development of rural areas of amalgamated territorial communities
Authors: Cheremisina Svitlana , Tomashuk Ivan
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the study is to develop an economic and mathematical model for tactical and strategic planning of socio-economic development of rural areas of amalgamated territorial communities. The purpose of the study was to improve and apply methodological tools for determining strategic directions of development of rural territories of amalgamated territorial communities on the example of Vinnytsia region. The following methods were used: comparative analysis, statistical, tabular, graphical, calculation and design, abstract and logical. The proposed methodological tools and the algorithmic sequence of its practical implementation made it possible to identify structural and aggregate economic, social and environmental indicators of rural development of the amalgamated territorial communities, to model the relevant list of priority problems and to substantiate the directions of their minimisation. By modelling the strategic directions of rural development on the basis of a set of economic, social and environmental factors using the methodological tools of fuzzy set theory, it is established that the overall indicator of rural development in terms of the economic block is within the optimal rate of development (0.849), in terms of the dynamics of the share of investment in the agricultural sector of the economy – exceeds the satisfactory level (0.771), in terms of financial performance indicators it is reaching a threatening level (0.387). It has been established that the integral indicator of rural development in the social block is within the satisfactory rate (0.702), and according to indicators of the quality of life of the population, it is at a threatening pace (0.490). Accordingly, a monitoring rating of priority social problems of rural development that need to be addressed has been formed. It was determined that according to the dynamics of ecological calculation indicators; the general indicator for the environmental block is within the limits of a satisfactory rate of rural development (0.650). The modelled ranking of the priority problems of rural development are presented in the following sequence of their minimisation: economic – E4 , E3 , E2 , E1 ; social – S6 , S4 , S1 , S2 , S3 , S5 ; environmental – Ek1 , Ek2 . The practical results of the study make it possible to objectively assess the advantages, challenges and risks of rural development of the rural areas of the amalgamated territorial communities of Vinnytsia region, contribute to the prioritisation of solving economic, social and environmental problems and can be useful in regional management practice for the developing strategic directions for further intensification of community development
Optimization Design of the Core of Motor Based on Transient Dynamics
Authors: Lv Yongqing
Published: November 2024

Utilizing ANSYS software, a thorough transient dynamic analysis was conducted on the motor core based on detailed static analysis, aiming to simulate its dynamic behavior during various operational phases such as startup, acceleration, steady operation, and deceleration in real-world environments. Through this transient dynamic analysis, crucial data regarding stress, strain, and displacement of the motor core under transient loads was obtained. Based on these precise calculations, the design of the spring plate was carefully optimized to improve the motor’s vibration characteristics and stability. This optimization process not only enhances the motor’s performance but also provides new ideas and methods for subsequent design and development, injecting fresh vitality into the innovative development of the motor industry.
Distinguishing Interior and Exterior Walls Based on Visuallisp Architectural Vector Graphics and Research on Room Area Identification Algorithms
Authors: Luo Rui
Published: November 2024

In extensional graph theory, the concepts of edges and nodes, where single-line edges extend to double-line edges, and simple connected nodes evolve into complex adjacent nodes. Wall symbols are considered as graphics composed of wall segments and wall sections, with wall sections categorized into basic wall sections and special wall sections. This paper adopts and implements a method for extracting candidate wall symbols, namely the closed area block extraction algorithm, and based on this, proposes an auxiliary line internal and external wall differentiation algorithm and a room area identification algorithm.
Internet Taxi Trip Prediction Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion
Authors: Du Chuanxiang , Samonte Mary Jane C.
Published: November 2024

In the context of smart city and intelligent transportation system, net taxi demand prediction becomes a key research point. In this paper, we propose a CNN-BiLSTM-Attention model based on deep learning for net taxi demand prediction. By converting net taxi GPS data and weather data, etc. into rasterized representations to adapt to the model input requirements, and using CNN to capture spatial features, combined with BiLSTM and attention mechanism to mine temporal features, the model is able to accurately predict the demand for net taxis in a specific area of the city. The experiment adopts the GPS data of network taxi in Chengdu city, and the results show that the model has higher prediction accuracy compared with the traditional models (e.g., ARIMA, CNN, BiLSTM), which provides an important support for the intelligent transportation system.
Spectrum Hole Prediction in LTE-Based Cognitive Radio System Using Kolmogorov-Arnold Network
Authors: Bohush Rykhard , Adamovskiy Yagor , Naumovish Nikalay
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the problem of channel resource occupancy prediction using Radio Environment Maps (REM) based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) for a cognitive communication system. REM is a spatiotemporal database in the form of a resource grid with passing traffic in cells. For prediction, the Kolmogorov-Arnold network (KAN) architecture is used. A model structure has been developed that collects data, trains and tests KAN. The predictive model control algorithm is implemented in Python. MatLab was used to prepare input data and implement the LTE simulation model. Experiments are carried out and results of free channel resource prediction based on KAN and long-term memory are presented.
Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Slotted Anode on Bottom Cathode Rare Earth Electrolytic Cell Flow Field
Authors: Chen Junqiang , Diop Mouhamadou A. , Yang Youjian , Tu Ganfeng , Sun Shuchen , Fu Daxue , Xiao Faxin
Published: November 2024

In view of the existing bottom cathode rare earth electrolytic cell has problems such as easy accumulation of gas bubbles at the bottom of the anode, poor overall fluidity of the electrolyte, and unstable electrolysis. In this study, the anode of the bottom cathode rare earth electrolytic cell was improved, and three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out using the VOF model to investigate the effects of different structures of anodes on the gas-liquid flow characteristics in the electrolytic cell. The results clearly show that the use of slotted anodes can significantly promote the bubble discharge behavior and thus affect the overall flow pattern, in which the double slotted anode having the optimal effect.
Antenna Electromagnetic Compatibility Layout Optimization Simulation Based on CST-PSO Hybrid Method
Authors: Hu Xiao , Li Ping , Xu Qinglin , Li Huanli , Shi Jiazhao
Published: November 2024

Due to the complex electromagnetic characteristics of different devices and the limited space of the carrier, the electromagnetic compatibility problem of multi-antenna systems is becoming increasingly prominent. How to optimize the antenna layout and reduce the interference coupling of antenna system has become an urgent problem to be solved. To this end, this paper proposed a hybrid CST-PSO method to solve the electromagnetic compatibility layout optimization problem of antenna system. In this hybrid method, the simulation calculation of antenna coupling degree is based on the electromagnetic simulation software CST, and the layout optimization simulation of antenna system is based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO). Based on the hybrid method, the electromagnetic compatibility layout optimization simulation analysis is conducted on a typical multi-antenna system model. The simulation results show that the hybrid method can effectively optimize the layout and reduce the coupling degree of multi-antenna systems.
Entrepreneurship in the Automotive Industry Using Computational Modeling Technology
Authors: Ali Amr S.H.R. , Ali Akram M.S. , Ali Salah H.R.
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, entrepreneurship plays a fundamental role in managing successful projects. Therefore, entrepreneurship has become the focus of any new progress in the technology of the industry-based economy. Computational modeling technology as one of the information technology also fulfils a direct role in predicting the optimal design in engineering industries to avoid any effects that may be exposed to engineering parts or systems. Modern technologies have become using advanced simulation method to achieve entrepreneurial work for sustainable development in analyzing the influential parameters in engineering industries. In this work, the concept and importance of entrepreneurship in automotive industries are highlighted, especially in automotive engines. Along with studying and analyzing the influential factors as a case study of a car engine as a complex engineering system using computing modeling technology. The development of computing programs and their speed revealed an accurate description of the tolerance of engineering parts along with reducing design and manufacturing costs. This paper summarizes the importance of the role of advanced simulation technology systems in maximizing the natural and acquired potential of functional materials as an influential factor in being truly entrepreneurial. Simulation experiments have proven the possibility of reducing the impact of stresses in exchange for the appropriate selection of some proposed engineering materials that suit the best car engine. Titanium has been proven to be the best material for reducing deformation and stresses on the engine with a high safety factor compared to other materials. Eventually, the use of computational modeling technology has proven to play a decisive pioneering role in developing this interesting field to provide solutions to important issues in the future of mechanical design systems to improve production quality.
Study on Influencing Factors of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products Under Live Delivery – The Whole Industrial Chain Control of Agricultural Products Based on LDA Model
Authors: Zhuo Zhihang , Tang Jie , Zhang Luyao , Zhao Zhixuan
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the impact of rising demand for green products on the management of quality and safety in agriculture. Through methods such as literature review, surveys, and fieldwork, it explores the conditions of agri-product quality and safety in the context of consumer preferences. Employing techniques like the LDA topic model and fsQCA, the research identifies crucial factors influencing quality control optimization. Results indicate that aligning agri-product standards with green demands can boost consumer trust, sales, and move agriculture towards sustainability. The study offers insights for improving agri-product quality assurance and market competitiveness, fostering a better understanding of consumer behavior’s role in agricultural product quality management.
Multifractal Approach for Engineering of Piezoelectric and Multiferroic Bioresorbable Scaffolds: Information Extracted by D(q) and f(α) in Box Counting Methods
Authors: Burianskaya E.L. , Gradov O.V. , Gradova M.A. , Iordanskii A.L. , Maklakova I.A. , Olkhov A.A.
Published: November 2024

The porosity of fibrillar scaffolds plays a pivotal role in the regeneration of living tissue, significantly influencing cell spreading, proliferation, and differentiation, thereby impacting the overall efficiency of regenerative processes. A genuine fibrillar scaffold comprises fibers and pores of diverse sizes and scales. The interconnectivity of the fiber network is intrinsically linked to its mechanical properties. When the scaffold material exhibits piezoelectric characteristics, the application of an electric field to enhance regeneration induces microelectromechanical movement among the fibers, both in relation to one another and in alignment with the applied field. This results in alterations to the connectivity parameters of the network, with notable fluctuations in the distances between electroactive fibers and pore sizes. Consequently, the pathways for signal transduction within the piezoelectric scaffold adapt according to changes in the equivalent circuits of the network. Therefore, a straightforward mathematical approach (time-resolved) is essential for assessing field-induced variations in interfilament distances, network connectivity parameters, and the orientation of fiber ensembles composed of various filaments. This extends to the formation of multiscale networks and tree-like structures with lateral branches for signal routing, which is critical for the engineering and optimization of electroactive scaffolds. We propose employing multifractal analysis for this purpose. We recommend utilizing the multifractal spectra parameters D(q) and f(α), while advising against direct analysis of the scaling behavior for the dynamics of fiber structures for scaffold engineering applications.
Visualization and Quantitative Estimation of Ferroelectric Polymer Fiber Motility in Time-Resolved SEM Using Gabor Atoms
Authors: Buryanskaya Eugenia L. , Gradov Oleg V. , Gradova Margaret A. , Iordanskii Alexei L. , Maklakova Irina A. , Olkhov Anatoly A.
Published: November 2024

The following brief communication discusses the possibility of applying time-resolved scanning electron microscopy methods (including Stroboscopic Scanning Electron Microscopy, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Atmospheric Scanning Electron Microscopy) with correlation-spectral analysis in real-time for in situ measuring the mobility and mechanical properties of ferroelectric microfibers in an electric field and under the influence of ion particle beams in FIB-SEM technique or conventional electron beams in regular scanning electron microscopy. Extended periods of high temporal resolution monitoring lead to the necessity of expressing fiber mobility over time through some mathematical processing of the video stream, based on which reactivity, polarizability, conversion coefficients for piezoelectric effects in ferroelectric fibers, and dependencies of microelectromechanical dynamics on parameters of the interacting beam can be calculated. Physical “descriptors” are needed, i.e., compressed but heuristically valuable representations of time-resolved experimental data. We propose using wavelets or Gabor atoms for this purpose. The analysis is performed in real-time using the “QAVIS” software system developed by the Pacific Oceanological Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, based on the FFTW library.
Application of BIM Technology in the Detailed Design of Smart Medical Buildings
Authors: Wang Yiping , Wang Bo
Published: November 2024

In the context of smart city construction, medical buildings need to carry more functional requirements, and their detailed design is an important part of building engineering construction. Detailed design often has the characteristics of small fault tolerance, high accuracy, and high refinement in building engineering projects, so the requirements for designers are relatively high. Using BIM technology for detailed design can fully leverage its visual and integrated features and advantages, and improve the quality and effectiveness of detailed design. The article elaborates on the relevant concepts of BlM technology and smart medical buildings. Taking a medical college in Chongqing as an example, it elaborates on the specific application of BIM technology in the deepening design of smart medical buildings from the aspects of design concepts, design difficulties, and implementation plans, providing new ideas and suggestions for the design of medical buildings.
Performance Optimization of a High-Repetition-Rate KrF Laser Plasma X-Ray Source for Microlithography
Authors: Bukerk Fred , Louis Eric , van der Wiel Marnix J. , Turcu Edmond C. I. , Tallents Greg J. , Batani Dimitri
Published: November 2024

In order to develop a high-intensity laser plasma x-ray source appropriate for industrial application of x-ray lithography, experiments have been carried out using a high-repetition-rate (up to 40 Hz) excimer laser (249 nm, 300 mJ) with a power density of 2 × 1013 W/ cm2 in the laser focus. In this study emphasis is given to remedying specific problems inherent in operating the laser plasma x-ray source at high repetition rates and in its prolonged operation. Two different methods of minimizing the production of target debris are investigated. First, the use of helium as a quenching gas results in a reduction of the amount of atomic debris particles by more than two orders of magnitude with negligible x-ray absorption. Second, a tape target as opposed to a solid target reduces the production of larger debris particles by a further factor of 100. Remaining debris is stopped by an aluminized plastic or beryllium filter used to avoid exposure of the resist by plasma ultraviolet radiation. The x-ray source has been used to image x-ray transmission mask structures down to 0.3 μm onto general purpose x-ray photo-resist. Results have been analyzed with SEM. The x-ray emission spectrum of the repetitive laser plasmas created from an iron target has been recorded and the conversion efficiency of the laser light into x-rays that contribute to exposure of the resist was measured to be 0.3% over 2π sr.
A wavelet method for metal artifact reduction with multiple	metallic objects in the field of view
Authors: Zhao Shiying , Bae Kyongtae T. , Whiting Bruce , Wang Ge
Published: November 2024

Image artifacts induced by multiple metallic objects pose a persistent problem in X-ray computed tomography (CT). Among existing CT methods for metal artifact reduction, the wavelet-based approach we recently developed is very promising in practice. In this paper, we report a major refinement to our earlier work [1]. The key component of this refinement is a novel weighting scheme for wavelet multiresolution interpolation. This weighting scheme is designed specifically to take into account multiple metallic implants in the field of view. In contrast to commonly used noniterative algorithms, our algorithm identifies and corrects most seriously corrupted projection data based on wavelet multiresolution analysis. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the image quality, and clearly reveals anatomic details in the immediate vicinity of multiple metallic implants.
Experimental evaluation on the transmission optical microscopy for	the diagnosis of lymphedema
Authors: Galanzha E.I. , Tuchin V.V. , Solovieva A.V. , Zharov V.P.
Published: November 2024

The mechanisms of disturbance of lymph microcirculation during development postmastectomy lymphedema (PML) are little known. The study of these mechanisms on human subjects has many difficulties: time of clinical onset of PML is indefinite and unpredictable and the methods for imaging of microlymphatics are limited. The advantages of the optical methods, especially, light microscopy are the high quality of lymphocytes dynamic imaging, possibility of the determination of absolute lymph flow velocity in a wide range, capability for simultaneous registration of blood microvessel function around lymphatics. The experimental lymphedema is created on rat mesentery by ligation of the collecting vein. It was found that after such ligation edema was clearly developed, and microcirculation was significantly disturbed including reduction of lymph flow velocity, constriction of lymphatics, inhibition of phasic activity on the background of pathological increasing of blood vessels permeability and stasis of blood flow.
A study on the section sensitivity profile in multi-row-detector	spiral CT
Authors: Wang Ge , Madsen Mark , Redford Katherine , Zhao Shiying , Vannier Michael W.
Published: November 2024

The section sensitivity profile (SSP) was well understood in the case of single-row-detector spiral CT. With the introduction of multi-row-detector spiral CT and the transition into cone-beam spiral CT, a revisit to the SSP issue becomes necessary. In this paper, the SSP of multi-row-detector spiral CT is formulated for the half-scan interpolation method at any transverse position. Based on the SSP formula, numerical simulation is performed to quantify the characteristics of the SSP with the number of detector rows up to 40. It is shown that the SSP varies as a function of the pitch and the number of detector rows. Given an appropriate selection of the pitch and the number of detector rows, the SSP does not change very much over the field of view in terms of the mean, the slice thickness, and the skewness of the SSP. Although in general applications the SSP at the gantry iso-center can be used as the representative of the SSP family, for more accurate analyses the spatial variation of the SSP must be taken into account.
Development of blind image deconvolution and its	applications
Authors: Jiang Ming , Wang Ge
Published: November 2024

This paper is a supplement and update to the reviews by Kundur and Hatzinakos [7,8] on blind image deconvolution. Most of the methods reviewed in [7,8] require that the PSF and the original image must be irreducible. However, this irreducibility assumption is not true in some important types of applications, such as when the PSF is Gaussian, which is a good model for many imaging systems. After a brief summary of existing blind deconvolution methods, we report the recent development in this field with an emphasis on Gaussian blind deconvolution and its clinical applications.
Commissioning of mini-multi-leaf-collimator (MMLC) for	stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy
Authors: Mardirossian George , Urie Marcia , Fitzgerald Thomas J. , Mayr Nina , Montebello Joseph , Lo Yuan-Chynan
Published: November 2024

Commissioning of a Radionics miniature multi-leaf collimator (MMLC) for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is reported. With single isocenter and multi static fields, the MMLC can provide better conformity of dose distributions to the target and/or irregularly shaped target volumes than standard arc (circular) field beams with multiple isocenters. Advantages offered by the MMLC over traditional LINAC based SRS and SRT includes greatly improved dose homogeneity to the target, reduced patient positioning time and reduced treatment time. In this work, the MMLC is attached to a Varian 2300 C/D with Varian 80-leaf multi-leaf collimator. The MMLC has 62 leaves, each measured to a width of 3.53 mm at isocenter, with fields range from 1 × 1 cm to less than 10 × 12 cm. Beam parameters required by the Radionics treatment planning system (XPlan version 2) for evaluating the dose include tissue maximum ratio (TMR), scatter factors (SF), off-axis ratios (OAR), output factors, penumbra function (P) and transmission factors (TF) are performed in this work. Beam data are acquired with a small stereotactic diode, standard ion chambers and radiographic films. Measured profiles of dose distribution are compared to those calculated by the software and absolute dosimetry is performed.
Modified fast marching and level set method for medical image	segmentation
Authors: Zhu Fuping , Tian Jie
Published: November 2024

In this paper, an interactive segmentation method that combines fast marching and level set method is proposed. Level set segmentation involves solving the energy-based active contour minimization problems by the computation of geodesics or minimal distance curves. First, by selecting the seed point, the fast marching method is used to extract rough boundaries of the interested object. We modified the traditional fast marching method to capture the weak edges by introducing watershed transform. Then, the contour obtained from the fast marching method mentioned above is regarded as an initialization and the level set method is used to finely tune the contour. The algorithm is demonstrated on some medical images: segmentation of knee tissues in CT image and segmentation of brain tissues in MR image. The results show that this method can remove the small regions obtained from fast marching method and converge the desired boundary.
Cryogenic detectors and their application to x-ray fluorescence	analysis
Authors: Frank Matthias , Friedrich Stephan , Höhne Jens , Jochum Josef
Published: November 2024

Cryogenic detectors are very sensitive, energy-resolving, low-threshold photon and particle detectors, which have been developed over the last decades for a variety of applications in particle physics and astrophysics. More recently, cryogenic detectors have also been applied as high-resolution, photon-counting detectors for energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and x-ray fluorescence analysis (XRFA). Cryogenic detectors can provide an about 10 times better energy resolution for x-rays than achievable with "conventional" energy-dispersive detectors, such as HPGe and Si(Li) detectors. In this review, we give a brief introduction to cryogenic detectors (Section 1) and describe the basic operating principles and achieved performance of two types of cryogenic detectors most applicable to EDS and XRFA, superconducting tunnel junctions (Section 2) and hot-electron microcalorimeters (Section 3). In section 4 we discuss various practical aspects of using these cryogenic detectors for fluorescence applications including their operation at ultra-low temperatures close to XRF specimens at room temperature and achievable solid angle and efficiency. In Section 5 we present results from selected recent EDS and XRF experiments performed with cryogenic detectors and discuss their applications in semiconductor microanalysis and in fluorescence-detected absorption spectroscopy.
Improved venous suppression on renal MR angiography with recessed	elliptical centric ordering of K-space
Authors: Ho Bernard , Chao Minh , Zhang Hong Lei , Watts Richard , Prince Martin R.
Published: November 2024

Purpose: To evaluate recessed elliptical centric ordering of k-space in renal magnetic resonance (MR) angiography.

Methods: All imaging was performed on the same 1.5 T MR imaging system (GE Signa CVi) using the body coil for signal transmission and a phased array coil for reception. Gd, 30 ml, was injected manually at 2 ml/sec timed with automatic triggering (SmartPrep). In thirty patients using standard elliptical centric ordering, the scanner paused 8 seconds between detection of the leading edge of the Gd bolus and initiation of scanning beginning with the center of k-space. For the recessed-elliptical centric ordering in 20 consecutive patients, this delay was reduced to 4 seconds but the absolute center of k-space recessed in by 4 seconds such that in all patients the absolute center of k-space was acquired 8 seconds after detecting the leading edge of the bolus. On the arterial phase images signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was measured in the aorta, each renal artery and vein and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was measured relative to subcutaneous fat. The standard deviation of signal outside the patient was considered to be "noise" for calculation of SNR and CNR. Incidence of ringing artifact in the aorta and renal veins was noted.

Results: Aorta SNR and CNR was significantly higher with the recessed technique (p = 0.02) and the ratio of renal artery signal to renal vein signal was higher with the recessed technique, 4 ± 2, compared to standard elliptical centric, 3 ± 2 (p = 0.03). Ringing artifact was also reduced with the recessed technique in both the aorta and renal veins.

Conclusion: Gadolinium-enhanced renal MR angiography is improved by recessing the absolute center of k-space.
Selective photothermal tissue interaction using 805-nm laser and	indocyanine green in tissue welding
Authors: Athiraman Hemanth , Wolf Roman F. , Bartels Kenneth E. , Shivakoti Suman , Liu Hong , Chen Wei R.
Published: November 2024

Laser tissue welding has the potential to become an effective method for wound closure and healing without sutures and staples. Laser light has the ability to control the volume of tissue being exposed. It can also cause selective tissue fusion by activating light-absorbing dye in the target tissue without significantly affecting the surrounding normal tissue. Temperature is a crucial factor in tissue welding. Too high a temperature causes irreversible tissue damage, while too low a temperature fails to form a strong tissue bond. To effectively control tissue temperature, an 805-nm laser was used in conjunction with in situ application of indocyanine green (ICG) as the light-absorbing dye. In vivo laser tissue welding using rat skin was performed with the laser-dye combination. Using different power densities, ranging from 0.4 W/cm $^2$ to 1.2 W/cm $^2$ , the skin temperature could be increased from body temperature to a range of 40°C to 72°C, with the enhancement of ICG solution. The long-term effect of laser welding was studied by measuring the tensile strength of the welded tissue at different times after the welding, in comparison with that of the tissue closure using conventional suturing. Our results showed that the welded tissue provided a stronger tissue holding power at the early stage than the sutured tissue and provided almost the same strength as the sutured tissue 30 days after the welding.
Top-level design and preliminary physical analysis for the first	electron-beam micro-CT scanner
Authors: Wang Ge , Liu Yinong , Ye Yangbo , Zhao Shiying , Hsieh Jiang , Ge Shuping
Published: November 2024

A state of the art X-ray micro-CT scanner takes about 20 seconds to acquire a full dataset, which is too slow to capture the rapidly beating heart of small animals. We have been working to develop the first electron-beam micro-CT (EBMCT) prototype for cardiac imaging of the mice and rats. In this paper, we describe the background on electron-beam CT (EBCT) and emphasize the needs for EBMCT. Then, we present a top-level design and a preliminary physical analysis for the first EBMCT scanner. The proposed EBMCT prototype would allow 0.03–0.01 s temporal resolution (35–70 half-scans per second) with 0.2 mm spatial resolution and 10% contrast resolution. Finally, we discuss a few related issues to further highlight that this project is not only important for basic biomedical research but also feasible technically.
Distributed iterative image reconstruction for micro-CT with	ordered-subsets and focus of attention problem reduction
Authors: Benson Thomas , Gregor Jens
Published: November 2024

Iterative reconstruction algorithms are well-known to produce high quality images. In this paper, we describe how to make these computationally demanding algorithms feasible in connection with high-resolution, cone-beam x-ray computed tomography (micro-CT) for small animals. First we outline a cost-effective approach that supports distributing the computation across a cluster of inexpensive dual-processor PCs. To a great extent, the limit on the number of cluster nodes that can be used is determined by the overhead associated with the increased number of interprocessor communications. We then introduce ordered-subsets to accelerate convergence of the reconstruction algorithm thereby reducing the number of required iterations. Finally, we use a method called focus of attention to automatically segment the projection and image data into object and background. By subsequently considering only the object data, we reduce the overall cost of the on-the-fly system matrix computation, the forward and backprojection data updates, and the global reduction operation that facilitates the interprocessor communication. We use the SIRT algorithm to illustrate our work but the methods and results presented apply to iterative reconstruction algorithms in general. The experimental data consists of the three-dimensional Shepp-Logan phantom as well as mouse data obtained from a MicroCAT™ scanner.
Parallel iterative cone beam CT image reconstruction on a PC	cluster
Authors: Li Xiang , Ni Jun , Wang Ge
Published: November 2024

The iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms are able to generate CT images with higher quality compared with the filtered backprojection method when the projection data is noisy or the radiation dose is low. IR can also be used when the data is incomplete. The major disadvantage of the IR is its high demand on computation and slow reconstruction. To improve the time performance of the IR we parallelized four representative iterative algorithms: EM, SART and their ordered subset (OS) versions on a Linux PC cluster. A micro-forward-back-projector was implemented for increased parallelization. Parameters are cached at the ray level during forward-projection to further reduce time used for back-projection. The speed-up and efficiency factors of our parallel implementation are reported.
Features of XEOL spectra evaluation depending on optical density	of the sample
Authors: Kochubey V.I. , Konyukhova Ju. G.
Published: November 2024

Effect of competition in excitation between luminescence centres and the rest of a sample on intensity of luminescence in the visual range under exciting with synchrotron radiation is considered. It is shown that the competition gives rise to distortion of XEOL spectra. In this case the obtained structure data are incorrect. An algorithm of data correction is proposed. It is demonstrated that, to apply this algorithm, it is necessary to use three-detector circuit of recording XEOL spectra. The examples of correction of XEOL spectra of KBr and NaCl-Ni samples are given.