bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Evalution of Particle Size Distribution of Heavy Oil Emulsion
Authors: Wei Nan Ning
Published: September 2013

Used the heavy oil of Du 84 well 53-55 in Liaohe oil field, the impact factors of the heavy oil emulsion size distribution were analyzed. The higher concentration of emulsifier, the smaller size of average particle emulsion and the particle size distribution tends to be more uniform. With the stirring rate increasing the size distribution tends to be uniform first then tend to be disperse, and the time used would be shorter to reach equilibrium with agitation rate being faster.With prolong of the stirring time the particle size distribution of the emulsion trends to be more uniform. After emulsifier 0.3%LZC-C-02 being added in heavy oil it will become O/W emulsion and the external phase is water and the viscosity of the emulsion is small with good flowability.
Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Birnessit-Type Manganese Dioxide Nanosheets
Authors: Yan De , Liu Ying , Wu Zhi Guo , Zhuo Ren Fu , Wang Jun
Published: September 2013

Birnessite MnO2 nanosheets were synthesized by self-limiting deposition of KMnO4 in a facile low-temperature hydrothermal process. The MnO2 electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 169 F g-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g-1, good rate capability with a capacitance of 96 F g-1 even at a high current density of 5 A g-1, as well as excellent cycle stability with capacitance retention of 94% at 1 A g-1 after 1,000 cycles.
Selective Oxidation of Glycerol with O2 Catalyzed by Fluorine-Modified CuNiAl Hydrotalcite
Authors: Wu Gong De , Wang Xiao Li , Liu Xian Feng , Zhang Xiao Tian
Published: September 2013

A fluorine anion modified CuNiAl hydrotalcite (CuNiAl-LDH (F-)) was prepared for the selective oxidation of glycerol (GLY) using O2 as oxidant. It was found that the obtained catalyst with typical layer structures of hydrotalcite compounds was an effective heterogeneous catalyst in GLY oxidation. Under the present conditions, the main product was the C3 oxygenated products of primary alcohol glyceric acid (GLYAC). The highest conversion of GLY reached 32.0% with 58.1% of the selectivity to GLYAC.
The Effect of Chain Length on Polyelectrolyte Brushes Formed from Adsorption of Diblock Copolymers
Authors: Yang Yang , Zuo Chun Cheng , Zuo Yu Xin , Yu Ying
Published: September 2013

The formation process of diblock copolymer brushes, formed by the adsorption of flexible chains on the surface is studied by Molecular Dynamic simulations. The surface adsorption density has been distinguished, depending on the various chain structures and counterions. The mode was considered as size ratio of A-block lengths to the the chain length, B-block carries the positive charge, and add counterions to the system. The result shows that the surface adsorption density is affected strongly by ratio of A-block length to the chain length, inhibited by the counterions, which is qualitatively consistent with experiments. These initial findings can be used as a guide for the preparation of actual diblock polymer brushes on metal crystal surfaces membranes by the adsorption approach.
Sub-Micrometer SiO2@ZnMoO4:Tb3+ Core-Shell Phosphors: Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Yang Hu , Zhang Xiao Bo , Li Juan , Lu Yu Jun
Published: September 2013

ZnMoO4:Tb3+ phosphor layers were grown on monodisperse SiO2 particles through a simple sol-gel method, resulting in the formation of core-shell structured SiO2@ZnMoO4:Tb3+ sub-microspheres. The resulting SiO2@ZnMoO4:Tb3+ core-shell particles were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and photoluminescence(PL). SEM and TEM analysis indicates that the obtained sub-microspheres have a uniform size distribution and obvious core-shell structure. SiO2@ZnMoO4:Tb3+ sub-microspheres show strong green emission under ultraviolet(275nm) illumination and the emission spectra are dominated by a 5D4→7F5 transition of Tb3+(543nm,green) from the ZnMoO4:Tb3+ shells. The optimum concentration for Tb3+ was determined to be 5 mol% of Zn2+ in ZnMoO4 host shells.
Preparation and Characterization of Composite TiO2/Natural Cotton Nanofiber Material
Authors: Xie Yong , Zhang Xiao Bo , Liu Qiu Yan , Shu Shun Xin
Published: September 2013

The composite TiO2/natural cotton nanofiber materials were prepared by electrospinning and RF magnetron sputtering. TiO2/cotton cellulose composite nanofibers were characterized by the SEMTEM and IR , Results show that the deposited TiO2 film consists of particles uniform in size (510 nm) ,the possibility of mechanism for the growing of TiO2 is proposed.
The Preparation and Research of Microcapsules in Self-Healing Coatings
Authors: Rui Wang , Mao Qian Jin , Liu Qi Dong , Ma Xiao Yu , Cui Su Ping , Wang Ya Li
Published: September 2013

The self-healing polymer material which was embedded microcapsules possesses the ability to heal cracks automatically. The microcapsules were synthesized by in-situ polymerization in an oil-in-water emulsion with urea and formaldehyde as the raw shell material,and epoxy resin (E-51)/ xylene as the core material. The impact of stirring speed on the morphology and particle size of synthetic microcapsules were discussed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR).Microcapsules of 400~1500 um in diameter were produced by appropriate selection of agitation rate in the range of 300~600 r/min.
Study on the Adsorption of O-Aminobenzoic Acid (OABA) with the Adsorption Resins Modified Chemically
Authors: Yang Shan Shan , Liu Zong Tang , Fei Zheng Hao
Published: September 2013

In this study, the resins modified with trimellitie anhydride (named ZT3) or phthalic anhydride (named ZT5) during the post-crossing of chloromethyl low crosslinking macroporous poly-styrene resin were prepared, characterized and evaluated for adsorptive removal of o-aminobenzoic acid (OABA) from aqueous solutions. The structural characterization results indicated that the resins possessed predominant micropores surface area and moderate specific surface area. The adsorption performance of OABA onto ZT3 and ZT5 was studied through static and kinetic adsorption experiment with the commercial Amberlite XAD-4 as a contrast. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equation could fit the adsorption isotherm of OABA onto ZT3 and ZT5 perfectly. The adsorptions of OABA onto the three resins were all spontaneous exothermic processes with physical characters. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption reaction could be approximated by a quasi-first kinetic adsorption equation. Key words: o-aminobenzoic acid; adsorption resin; adsorption kinetic; thermodynamic; che-mical modification
The Effect of CTAB Additive on Performance of Layered Cathode Material Li0.96Na0.04Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2
Authors: Gong Chun Xia , Bankole Oluwatosin Emmanued , Lei Li Xu
Published: September 2013

Li0.96Na0.04Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2with CTAB as additive was synthesized. X-ray diffraction pattern reveals the product of the material with CTAB is pure phase. Scanning electron microscopy shows that the powders are average of 200 nm. Electrochemical test shows it in terms of high initial discharge capacity (175.6 mAhg-1) and exhibits good cycle performance with the capacity retention of 93.39 % after 90 cycles compared to the material has no additive (167.6 mAhg-1and 71.18 %) at 0.1 C rate. Therefore, CTAB as additive should improve the performance of Li0.96Na0.04Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2cathode material.
Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Noncovalent Functionalized Graphene as Cathode Catalysts for Aluminum-Air Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yu Hong , Liu Chen Juan , Li Ye , Fu Li
Published: September 2013

Platinum nanoparticles deposited on noncovalent functionalized graphene modified by 1, 10-Phenanthroline were prepared by ethylene glycol reduction process under the assistance of the microwave. The structure, morphology, composition and surface properties of the as-prepared catalysts Pt/graphene are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that platinum particles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of 1,10-Phenanthroline noncovalent modified graphene, and the particle size was about 1nm. Cyclic voltammetry(CV), linear sweep voltammetry(LSV) and Tafel curves were used to test the oxygen reduction electrode. Through electro-chemical testing, we found that the graphene based electrocatalysts significantly increased the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) of aluminum-air batteries. This result illustrated that Pt nanoparticles deposited on noncovalent functionalized graphene could be used as an efficient catalyst material for aluminum-air batteries with the feature of much increased catalytic activity.
Application of Priority Analysis and Algorithm Topsis in the Optimization of Ambient PM2.5 Monitoring Sites – Taking Beijing as an Example
Authors: Zhang Zhe Yu , Wei Bo Xian , Zhang Nai Ming
Published: September 2013

Monitoring of PM2.5 is the emphasis of atmospheric environment management, and the first thing to do is the choice of monitoring sites. In this paper, we took Beijing as an example for its more serious PM2.5 pollution. Priority analysis on monitoring sites of PM2.5 was proceeded with the algorithm TOPSIS, and the 30 basic monitoring points was optimized into 11 effective and representative monitoring points. The model been used is simple, scientific and practical and there is a great sense of promotion. Keywords: PM2.5, monitoring sites, Priority Analysis, TOPSIS algorithm.
Electro-Copolymerization of Poly(N-Vinylcarbazole) and 3-Methylthiophene
Authors: Zhang Shi Min , Yue Rui Rui , Zhou Wei Qiang , Xu Jing Kun
Published: September 2013

The electrochemical copolymerization of poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and 3-methylthiophene (3MeT) was successfully achieved by direct anodic oxidation of monomer mixtures in dichloromethane containing 10% boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BFEE) (by volume) and Bu4NBF4 (0.05 M). The structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectral studies demonstrated that poly (PVK-co-3MeT) has high fluorescent property with its maximum emission at near 410 nm.
Research on a New Method of Treating Organic Wastewater and Equipment
Authors: Li Qin , Sha Wei , Li Fu Bao , Wu Hao , Li Liang
Published: September 2013

The present work focuses on improving the treating efficiency of micro-electrolysis, to solve the problem of passivation and compaction, thereby reducing the investment cost, based on researching the characteristics of treating wastewater through micro-electrolysis, a new method, cavitation-impinging stream micro-electrolysis, is presented, then designing a cavitation- impinging stream micro-electrolysis reactor and analyzing the advantageous features of cavitation- impinging stream micro-electrolysis technology in treating organic wastewater.
Humic Acids Degradation and Membrane Fouling in Photocatalytic MF Systems for Drinking Water Treatment
Authors: Tao Ran
Published: September 2013

Humic acids (HA) that are one of the major organic components in natural water play an important role in water treatment because they can interact with metals, trace organics, and chlorine while generating toxic complexes and by-products. In this work, photocatalytic degradation of HA and its kinetic behavior were investigated in a photocatalytic microfiltration (MF) system, along with evaluation of membrane permeability at different fluxes. The mechanisms of adsorption and desorption of HA on TiO2 surfaces were elucidated with adsorption isotherm tests of HA before and after photocatalysis of humic water. The kinetic parameters for humic acids, k (rate constant) and K (equilibrium adsorption coefficient) of the Langmuir-Hinshelwood equation, were obtained based on mass balances in continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) operations. Regarding membrane fouling, it was assumed that the rate of degree of fouling is disproportional to the fouling resistance. It was found that the fouling rate constant started increasing substantially when the flux increased to a level of greater than 50 L/m2-h. This indicated that the photocatalytic MF system should be operated at a flux below the critical value to prevent serious membrane fouling.
Polluted River Water Treatment Using Multi-Soil-Layering System (MSL) in Different Surface Loads
Authors: Hai Ye , Sen Li , Yuan Zeng , Jun Zheng , Yan Xiao Fei
Published: September 2013

For a better application of multi-soil-layering (MSL) system to treat polluted river water flowing into Dianchi Lake in different surface loads, six systems are set on the river bank of New Yunliang River for a four-month-experiment. The surface loads are set as 800L/m2•d, 1000 L/m2•d, 1500 L/m2•d, 2000 L/m2•d, 3000 L/m2•d and 4000 L/m2•d, respectively. When the surface load is 1000L/m2•d, the average removal rate of COD, TN, NH4+-N and TP are 74.8%, 28.9%, 88.5% and 87.0% respectively; when the surface load is 1500 L/m2•d, the average removing rate of COD, TN, NH4+-N and TP are 72.4%, 20.2%, 83.9% and 84.1% respectively. The surface load has a big influence on the removal of COD, NH4+-N and TP. Due to insufficient denitrification, the removing rate of TN is comparatively low. With a view to the removing effect and load reduction and the long-term operation conditions of the system, the most appropriate surface load is between 1000~1500 L/m2•d.
Application of CRBD to Reducing Pollution of Leather Tanning Wastewater
Authors: Cao Shan , Cheng Bao Zhen , Zhang Hai Li , Geng Guo Wei
Published: September 2013

Trivalent chrome has an abroad application in the area of leather tanning, electrolytic plating and dyeing due to the strong capability of coordination. Pollution caused by chrome salts cannot be ignored. This paper proved that the chrome tanning wastewater can be treatment by chrome chelates (CRBD). The supernatant was reused in washing and pickling process and chromium sludge was utilized to make regeneration chrome-tanning agents; which all not only protect the environment but also save production cost. A series of experiment results showed that SO42-and oil contents increased slightly as well as Cl-content decreased when the tanning wastewater recycled several times. The total chrome content was up but the influence evaluated by the finish leather was not evident. Items of wet-blue leather and finish leather were tested such as shrinkage temperature, Cr2O3in the leather, softness, fullness and so on. In the meantime, the physical and mechanical properties of the finish leather were not less than the common tanning method. Besides, the leather rate significantly increased when the regenerative chrome-tanning agent was used on retanning process.
Degradation of Ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate by Fe2+/NaClO Process
Authors: He Xi Sheng , Peng Hui Qing
Published: September 2013

The initial pH, initial concentration of Fe2+and NaClO on the degradation of ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate using Fe2+/NaClO process have been investigated in this paper. The results shows that under the optimum reaction conditions of a temperature 28°C, pH 4.0, the initial concentration of Fe2+and NaClO is 15 mg/L and 5.33 mL/L, respectively, about 87.86% ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate removal can be achieved within 150 min by using a Fe2+/NaClO process. The degradation of ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate under different NaClO concentration conditions follows the first order exponential decay equations. The Fe2+/NaClO can efficiently oxidation of ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate in aqueous solution and can be an effective process for the treatment of ammonium butyl-dithiophosphate wastewater.
Experimental Research on Adsorption Treatment of Military Agent Contaminated Water Using Activated Carbon
Authors: Wang Xiao Jie , Ji Yun Zhe , Li Xiao Jing , Wang Shuang
Published: September 2013

Adsorption treatment test was carried out using powder activated carbon (PAC for short) and coconut shell activated carbon (SAC for short) taking water contaminated by military agent as the object of study in order to study on the influences of type, dosage, adsorption time, pH value and initial solution concentration of adsorbent on adsorption effect and to discuss about adsorption mechanisms of activated carbon.
Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption on Low-Grade Green Coffee Beans
Authors: Zuorro Antonio , Lavecchia Roberto
Published: September 2013

Low-grade coffee beans (LCBs), a waste produced in large quantities by the coffee industry, was investigated as a potential low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The waste was characterized by SEM analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. Equilibrium and kinetic experiments were performed to study the adsorption process. The equilibrium data were found to be well described by the Langmuir model, from which a maximum adsorption capacity of 476.2 mg g1was derived. A half-adsorption time ranging from 12.5 to 96.2 min was estimated by fitting the experimental kinetic data to the pseudo-second-order model.
The Activity and Characterization of Pd/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 Catalyst for the Reduction of NO
Authors: Wang Xue Tao , Bin Xu , Kang Shu Juan , Qu Cheng Rui
Published: September 2013

Pd catalysts and Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 mixed oxides (CZ) was prepared by co-precipitation technique and their physicochemical properties were characterized by specific surface area measurements (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. CeO2-ZrO2 solid solutions supported with Pd are investigated as catalysts for reduction of NO. The research presented in this paper is focused on the intrinsic structure of CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution and catalytic behavior of NO over Pd/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 mixed oxides catalyst. The incorporation of ZrO2 into the CeO2 framework strongly promotes the reduction of Ce4+ in the bulk of the support. The surface area of Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 was 32 m2/g after calcination in air at 1000 °C for 5 h. XRD results revealed the existence of Zr-rich phase in CZ sample. The experimental results show that the best Pd/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 catalyst yielded 97.75% NO conversion at typical reaction temperatures (280-320 C) and the high gas hourly space velocity of 15,000 h1. The effect of the calcination temperature was also investigated, and the optimal calcination temperature was 400-500 C.
Design of Laboratory Test Device for Evaluating the Lifetime of Hydraulic Components of Tractor Three-Point Hitch
Authors: Hujo Ľubomír , Tkáč Zdenko , Tulík Juraj , Hajdák Vladislav
Published: September 2013

The designed laboratory device will solve the issue of test methods of tractor hydraulics, monitoring the lifetime of hydraulic components, and testing of various oil types. The results of experimental measurements of forces and pressures in the three-point hydraulic hitch of tractor with plough allow implementing the design and simulation of operational loads of the dynamic system of tractor three-point hitch (TPH) under laboratory conditions. Theoretical and experimental works were focused on tractors. The design of test device is based on load characteristics obtained from the operation of tractor with plough. Research was focused on the use of results obtained from operational measurements of the tractor with plough and their simulation by a hydrostatic simulator under laboratory conditions. The laboratory device will enable the TPH life tests while loading with forces in the horizontal and vertical direction so that it corresponds to a practical loading process
Effect of Chemical Degreasing on Corrosion Stability of Components in Automobile Industry
Authors: Álló Štefan , Kročko Vladimir , Korenko Maroš , Andrássyová Zuzana , Földešiová Daniela
Published: September 2013

This research deals with the corrosion stability of components with a galvanized surface. The aim is to determine how corrosion resistance is influenced by chemical degreasing. The ZiNi galvanizing method in a bath line was performed on 10 components; another 10 pieces were treated by the same galvanizing method, but without previous chemical degreasing. After measuring the thickness of coating, components were inserted into a salt spray corrosion chamber. The test showed that components with a complete galvanizing process revealed no signs of red corrosion after 456 test hours. In components without chemical degreasing, there were signs of red corrosion after 200 test hours. After this research, we can conclude that chemical degreasing in galvanizing processes has a high influence on corrosion resistance.
Seven New Quality Management Tools
Authors: Andrássyová Zuzana , Žarnovský Jozef , Álló Štefan , Hrubec Jozef
Published: September 2013

This contribution focuses on solving a customer complaint accepted by an organization for manufacturing of automobile seats. The occurrence of nonconformity and causes of undetected nonconformity in the manufacturing process of automobile seats is solved by seven new quality management tools. Causes, effects, activities leading to elimination of the problem, remedies and precautions for possible problems within solution implementation, and time schedule with individual reserves are defined. Results lead to solving the issue both on the part of supplier and on the part of the organization for manufacturing of automobile seats
Nanocrystalline Barium Zirconium Titanate Synthesized by the Sonochemical Process
Authors: Wirunchit Supamas , Muanghlua Rangson , Wirunchit Supamas , Vittayakorn Wanwilai , Vittayakorn Naratip
Published: September 2013

Nanocrystalline barium zirconium titanate, BaZr0.4Ti0.6O3, was synthesized successfully via the sonochemical process. The effects of reaction time on the precipitation of Ba(Zr,Ti)O3 particles were investigated briefly. The crystal structure as well as molecular vibrations and morphology were investigated. X-ray diffraction indicated that the powders exhibited a single phase perovskite structure, without the presence of pyrochlore or unwanted phases at the reaction time of 60 min. Nanocrystals were formed before being oriented and aggregated into large particles in aqueous solution under ultrasonic irradiation. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photograph showed the BZT powder as spherical in shape with uniform nanosized features.
Effect of Platinum Substitution on the Microstructures and Dielectric Relaxation of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics
Authors: Makcharoen Worawut
Published: September 2013

The CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO) has the advantage for the various applications especially for capacitive elements in microelectronic devices over the ferroelectric materials including BaTiO3. CCTO is a ceramic compound with a high dielectric constant but it has a high loss tangent at room temperature. In this work, the Influences of PtO2doping on the dielectric properties of CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO) ceramics were investigate. The ceramics CCTO and PtO2doping CCTO were studied by X- ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The dielectric properties have been measured as a function of temperature and frequency range 0.1 - 500 kHz. The XRD shows the CCTO structure does not changes after doping with platinum. The results show that PtO2doped can reduce the mean grain sizes of CCTO, but the dielectric constant still remained a height. The samples of 2.0 mol% Pt-doped have exhibited high dielectric constant of about 22,000 and the loss tangent about 0.7 at room temperature and frequency at 10 kHz. The reduced of the loss tangent could be interpreted with the internal barrier layer capacitor model (IBLC)
Influence of Aluminium on the Color, Microstructure and Hardness of White Alloys
Authors: Jitchoom Sirintra , Rojananan Siriporn , Rojananan Surasit
Published: September 2013

The objective of this paper was to study the influence of aluminium on the color, microstructure and hardness of the as-cast nickel-free white alloys. In order to specify the suitable aluminium content, aluminium in each composition varied from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt% were investigated. The CIE LAB color system was selected to describe the color of alloys. The results indicated that the increase in the aluminium contents, red-green values (a*) were gradually increased, but yellow-blue values (b*) were slightly decreased. No correlation had been found between the aluminium content and lightness (L*). The microstructures of alloys consisted of the alpha, beta phases and small particles. The hardness of alloys was increased with increasing in the aluminium contents. It was distinct that the hardness of aluminium-free alloy (117 HV) was the lowest value in comparison with other alloys. The obtained results suggested that the variation in the aluminium contents of had a pronounced effect on the increasing hardness and the development of structures. However, the aluminium addition in the ranges of 1.3-5.1wt% resulted in a gradual changing the color.
Micro-Raman Investigation of Epitaxial Lateral Overgrown Cubic GaN on Patterned GaAs (001) with Different Mask Stripe Directions
Authors: Suwanyangyaun Pattana , Sanorpim Sakuntam , Onabe Kentaro
Published: September 2013

Epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELO) was performed to grow cubic GaN layers on stripe-patterned GaAs (001) substrates via metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Growth time was varied from 10 to 120 minutes to investigate an evolution of growth morphologies and crystal structures of GaN, which were respectively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and micro-Raman scattering spectroscopy. Growth features of ELO cubic GaN for [1-10] oriented mask stripe-pattern showed the {113} side-wall facets. On the other hand, the {111} side-wall facets were observed for ELO cubic GaN grown on the [110] oriented mask stripe-pattern. In case of [100] oriented mask stripe-pattern, growth feature with top rough surface and unclear side-wall facets was obtained. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used as a tool to identify both cubic and hexagonal GaN structures performed on surface of the top and side-wall facets of the GaN stripes. ELO cubic GaN layer with growth time of 60 min along the [1-10] oriented mask stripe-pattern exhibited the highest ratio of cubic to hexagonal GaN, which was examined from an integrated intensity of LO phonon mode at 738 cm-1 for cubic GaN comparing with that of hexagonal GaN, appearing at A1 (TO) 538 cm-1, E1 (TO) 558 cm-1 and E2 (high) 568 cm-1.
Microstructure and Hardness of Cu-Zn-Si-Al-Sn Brasses with Antimony Addition
Authors: Suksongkarm Daranee , Rojananan Siriporn , Rojananan Surasit
Published: September 2013

The objective of this work is to study the effect of antimony on as-cast microstructures and hardness of dual phase brassed. The studied compositions consisted of 56Cu-(42-X)Zn-1Si-0.5Al-0.5Sn-(X)Sb with varied antimony content in the range of 0.5-2.0 wt%. The alloys were prepared by melting pure elements using an induction furnace in graphite crucible at the temperature about 1,200 °C. The chemical composition of each alloy has been analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Microstructures of the as-cast ingots were investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy including the chemical analysis of the phase determined by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The obtained results suggested that the microstructures of as-cast ingots exhibited the beta-gamma dual phases. The beta phase was the matrix and the gamma phase extended along the grain boundary. The increase in antimony content increased the gamma phase and enhanced the hardness. Moreover, the antimony addition 2 wt% created the intermetallic compound (IMC) phase like a needle shape. The EDS analysis of IMC displayed 12.35 wt% antimony.
Investigation on Magnetic Properties of L10-FePt/Fe Graded Media Multilayer
Authors: Tipcharoen Warunee , Kaewrawang Arkom , Siritaratiwat Apirat , Tonmitra Kittipong
Published: September 2013

To improve writing capability of high magnetic anisotropy medium - L10-FePt, graded medium multilayer is one key candidate. Therefore, investigation of magnetic material properties of graded media multilayer is essential. In this work, we focus on magnetic properties of L10-FePt/Fe graded media multilayer such as hysteresis loop, magnetic energy and magnetic domain by the micromagnetic simulation the object oriented micromagnetic framework software based on the Landau - Lifshitz - Gilbert equation. The graded media multilayer can achieve reducing the switching field, Hsw, below available writing head field with high thermal stability. The anisotropy energy in graded media is higher than single layer and bilayer media that results in unstable magnetization in preferred direction. The proposed graded (f) and (g) structures are high grading magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, Ku, that can reduce Hsw below single layer, bilayer and available writing head field. The hysteresis loop of low grading Ku structures has different steps; however, it disappear with high grading Ku structures of graded (e) - (g) structures. They have narrow loop compared with single layer. The results from this work lead to improve magnetic trilemma issue and increase data density.
Synthesis and Characterization of Mg2Si Thermoelectric Material
Authors: Nakhowong Chalida , Sumpao Teerawut , Seetawan Tosawat
Published: September 2013

The Mg2Si compound was synthesized by the solid state reaction method. The powder precursors of Mg and Si were thoroughly mixed in ballmilling for 24 hr in an argon atmosphere. Mixed powder was pressed at 170MPa and sintered at 800 °C for 6 hr in an argon atmosphere. The sinter powder was crushed in mortar for 1 hr. The crystal structure and microstructure were measured and observed by using XRD and SEM. The microstructure and the crystal structure were analyzed. TheMg2Si shows single phase, cubic structure and particle size about 1-10 mm.
Effect of Calcinations Temperature on Structural Properties, Phase Transformation and Photocatalytic Activity of Electrospun TiO2 Nanofibers
Authors: Suphankij Sineenart , Mekprasart Wanichaya , Pecharapa Wisanu
Published: September 2013

TiO2 nanofibers were fabricated via an electrospinning method. Titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TIP) and poly (viny pyrrolidone) (PVP) were used as a starting precursor. The electrospun TiO2 nanofibers were obtained by injecting the precursor through a needle under a strong electrical field. As-spunfibers were calcined at 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 °C for 2 h. The structural of properties of the nanofibers were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD results indicated that the crystallinity of TiO2 nanofibers corresponds to rutile and anatase phase of TiO2 depending on calcinations temperature. SEM results indicated that the surface morphology and size TiO2 nanofibers. The photocatalytic degradation of RhB may be attributed to significant absorption enhancement in visible region by phase transformation of TiO2 nanofibers and fiber size dependence active surface areas.
Polymer-Coated Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Ethanol and Dichloromethane Discrimination
Authors: Muangrat Worawut , Maolanon Rungroj , Pratontep Sirapat , Porntheeraphat Supanit , Wongwiriyapan Winadda
Published: September 2013

Sensor response and pattern recognition of polymer-coated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were investigated. Printed circuit board (PCB) with Cu/Au interdigitated electrode was used as sensor platform. SWNTs network was firstly formed on PCB by drop-casting. For polymer-coated SWNTs preparation, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and thiophene were employed as polymers to coat on SWNTs by spin coating; PMMA/SWNTs and thiophene/SWNTs. Raman spectra showed no obvious structure changes of SWNTs after polymer coating. Next, gas sensing test was conducted. Pristine SWNTs, PMMA/SWNTs and thiophene/SWNTs were exposed to vapors of ethanol and dichloromethane at room temperature. From normalized sensor response results, it was found that pristine SWNTs and PMMA/SWNTs showed the highest response to ethanol and dichloromethane vapors, respectively. In order to discriminate vapors between ethanol and dichloromethane, pattern recognition technique was utilized. Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that pattern recognition of ethanol and dichloromethane vapors can be discriminated by using pristine SWNTs and polymer-coated SWNTs sensors.
Hole Doping Through Indium Intercalation into Copper Phthalocyanine
Authors: Jaruvanawat Anuchit , Prajuabwan Pakorn , Rojanasuwan Sunit , Chanhom Annop , Rangkasikorn Adirek , Nukeaw Jiti
Published: September 2013

A blend of molecular acceptor and molecular donor made of Copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) and Indium in various ratios were evaporated in high vacuum on to intrinsic silicon substrates by using vacuum thermal co-evaporation technique. Electronic properties of In-doped CuPc thin films have been examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results obtained by XPS suggests that In-doped CuPc is a hole transport material.
Sol-gel Combustion Synthesis and Characterizations of Nanocrystalline Zinc, Nickel and Nickel-Zinc Ferrites
Authors: Tangcharoen Thanit , Ruangphanit Anucha , Klysubun Wantana , Pecharapa Wisanu
Published: September 2013

In this work, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements were employed to investigate the crystal structure, chemical bonding and magnetic properties of the nanocrystalline Zinc, Nickel and Nickel-Zinc ferrites (ZnFe2O4, NiFe2O4 and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) which were synthesized by sol-gel combustion method. Moreover, the composition of elements and the electronic structure including the cation distribution for all ferrite samples were examined through synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. The overall characterization results indicate that the different amount of zinc and nickel ions in ferrites has crucial effect on their physical, magnetism and the site occupancy distribution of Fe3+ ions.
Optimization of Wheat Protein Near-Infrared Calibration Model Based on SPXY
Authors: Mao Xiao Dong , Sun Lai Jun , Hao Gang , Xu Lu Lu , Hui Guang Yan
Published: September 2013

It is very crucial that arepresentative training set can be extracted from a pool of real samples. Inthis paper, a representative set of correction samples of wheat protein contentis selected by using SPXY algorithm firstly; Secondly, the spectral data ispretreated to enhance spectral features; Thirdly, the model of wheat grainprotein is established by using partial least squares regression. The resultsshow that the model established by the calibration set selected by SPXY isbetter than the model established by the calibration set selected randomly.Root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) and prediction correlationcoefficient(R) are 0.41094 and 0.97705 respectively, which are similar to themodel established by the initial calibration set.
Removal of Phenolic Compounds from Mainstream Cigarette Smoke by Plasticizer
Authors: Yu Sai Bo , Jin Yong , Tan Hai Feng , Liu Qi , Wang Shi Tai
Published: September 2013

A series of compounds were applied as plasticizer in the cellulose acetate filter of cigarette. The data showed that the tested filters with proper plasticizers could effectively remove phenolic compounds from mainstream cigarette smoke. In the test models, Triethyl citrate (TEC) exhibited significant absorption capacity to phenolic compounds in cigarette smoke, and the removal efficiency exceeded 49% in contrast to triacetin. Similar result was obtained in different type of cigarette with TEC tips. The removal efficiency of phenolic compounds was significantly affected by the loading of TEC when the loading of TEC was less than 9 wt%. However, when the loading of TEC was between 9-15 wt%, the removal efficiency showed only slight difference.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Sludge Research from 2000 to 2011
Authors: Liu Ting
Published: September 2013

This study explores a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assessing current research trends on sludge, by using the related literature published between 2000 and 2011. The articles acquired from such literature were concentrated on the general analysis by publication type and language, characteristics of articles outputs, country, subject categories and the frequency of title-words used. Over the past 12 years, there had been a notable growth trend in publication outputs, along with more participation of countries/territories. An analysis of the title-words showed that wastewater treatment was still the most hot topic in sludge research and wastewater, heavy metal, waste water treatment and anaerobic digestion were recent major topics of sludge research. Besides, membrane bioreactor technology has been advancing rapidly around the world and became an ideal way to reduce sludge production in the wastewater treatment process.
Highly-Efficient Preparation of Key Intermediate of Huperzine A
Authors: Xie Kai Ming
Published: September 2013

Huperzine A was approved for curing Alzheimers disease in the early 1990s in China. We explored a highly-efficient synthetic route for the key intermediate in the total synthesis of this natural product. Only common reagents and conditions were involved. So our new route has potential application in large-scale preparation of the key intermediate.
Effect of Melting and Refining with DC-Arc on the Yield of Alloy Element
Authors: Chen Jian Bin , Jiang Mao Fa
Published: September 2013

In order to know what effect on the yield of alloy elements will be if the steel is melted/refined with the DC arc furnace, the effect of melting and refining with DC-arc on the yield of alloy element has been investigated by a melting experiment, in which the melting/refining is switched to continuous melting/refining with DC-arc after the molten metal is contact with the molten slag for 41 minutes without DC-arc, and by a contrast experiment of melting/refining with DC-arc and with an AC-arc. When DC current passes through the slag-metal interface and the slag-gas interface, the existence of the electrolysis phenomenon during the DC-arc steel melting/refining has been confirmed. Electrolysis participates in the metallurgical reaction. The phenomenon of two or more electrode reactions taking place simultaneously at both the slag-metal interface and the slag-gas interface has also been observed. The two phenomena cause the accelerating loss of the alloy-elements in the molten metal and the decreasing of concentrations of the corresponding oxides in the molten slag. The electrochemical transfer of oxygen from the molten slag to the molten metal ((O2-)=[+2e and (O2-)=1/2O2+2e) at the slag-metal interface has been observed, and causes the increasing of oxygen content in the molten metal.
Mechanical and Flame Retardant Properties of Phenolic Foam Modified with Polyethyleneglycol as Toughening Agent
Authors: Gao Ming , Yang Yong Li , Xu Zhi Qiang
Published: September 2013

Polyethyleneglycol (PEG) was used as a as a toughening agent and mixed with the phenolic resin to prepare the foam. The effects of polyethyleneglycol on mechanical and flame retardant properties of phenolic foam were studied by compressive strength, tensile strength, heat stability, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UL-94 and limited oxygen index (LOI). The apparent density and SEM results showed that the addition of PEG can decrease the apparent density of phenolic foam. The compressive, impact test results showed that the incorporation of PEG into PF dramatically improved the compressive strength, impact strength, indicating the excellent toughening effect of PEG. The LOI of PEG modified phenolic foams remained a high value and the UL-94 results showed all samples can pass V-0 rating, indicating the modified foams still had good flame retardance. The thermal properties of the foams were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis.
The Theoretical and Experimental Study on Making Low Iron Alloy from the Mixed Slag of Jinchuan Flash Smelting Furnace and JISCO Converter
Authors: Yang Shuang Ping , Liu Jie , Wang Jian , Du Xin
Published: September 2013

Jinchuan nickel-copper flash smelting slag is rich in iron, nickel, cobalt and copper, and JISCO converter slag is rich in iron, manganese and high CaO, etc., the two kind slags were blended, and then smelted into low-alloy iron containing nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese with smelting reduction method, which is a new comprehensive utilization methods for the Double slag. The thermodynamic calculation results of the equilibrium concentration of Fe, Cu and Ni in low-alloy iron obtained by smelting reduction under experimental condition are in good agreement with experimental results. Iron reduction rate of Fe, Cu and Ni can be elevated to above 90% by smelting reduction, thus the comprehensive utilization of valuable metals can come true.
Vacuum Zincification Technical Study of Fitting Material in Power Transmission Line
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zhu Kuan Jun , Liu Zhen , Si Jia Jun , Niu Hai Jun
Published: September 2013

Fittings of the power transmission line are requested to have good anti-corrosion performance when they are use at atmosphere environment. The fittings of the power line have certain mutual movement during application process, which mutually produce friction. In particular to the fittings of the power line which are applied in the area and environment with strong wind sand such as western area, wind sand will produce corrosion wear of the fittings in the line. Therefore the fittings of the power line are requested to have good anti-abrasion and corrosion resistant comprehensive performance. In combination with application environment of the power fittings and characteristics of vacuum zincification technology, carry out analysis on possibility of application of vacuum zincification in the fittings in the power line from performance requirements, fitting materials, geometrical features of the fittings, economy of vacuum zincification etc several aspects.
Super-Hydrophobic Film Fabricated on Copper with Electro-Deposition Method and its Corrosion Resistance
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Dun , Ju Peng
Published: September 2013

Copper film with rough structure is prepared on metal surface via electro-deposition. After modification of tetradecanoic acid, copper film presents super-hydrophobic property with water contact angle of 151.1°, which could be attributed to the rough structure by trapping air. The adhesion test shows that the modified copper surface has low apparent water adhesion to the suspending droplet. Electrochemical measurement proves that super-hydrophobic film can inhibit corrosion of copper effectively. The method proposed in this paper is time-saving and facile to operate, and it offers a promising technique to prepare metallic surface with super-hydrophobic property.
A Study on Fabrication of Stiffened Cylinder
Authors: Choi Ji Ung , Cho Woo Hyun , Yoon Jong Hoon , Yoo Joon Tae , Lee Ho Sung
Published: September 2013

It is known that the stiffened cylinder structure supports external pressure loads inaerospace and marine application subjected to hydrostatic pressure. For relatively low temperature,aluminum or composite cylinder can be appropriate, but at higher temperature, titanium or steel alloymust be considered. Nickel based alloys show excellent corrosion resistance and elevated temperaturemechanical strength so that these alloys are now successfully utilized for aerospace and engineapplication. This paper provides innovative
Studies on the Octopamine Extraction from Fish Sauce
Authors: Qu Ying Hong
Published: September 2013

As an important biogenic amine, octopamine plays a role of neurotransmitter in organism. Recent researches revealed that it has an important preventive function on obesity and typeIIdiabetes. As raw materials of food and health food or auxiliary preparation for clinical medicine, octopamine can be used independently or jointly with other materials for weight loss and diabetes treatment. Natural octopamine mainly exists in fish sauce. It is possible to extract octopamine from fish sauce and develop health products. In this study, an effective method was studied to extract octopamine (OA) from fish sauce by means of macroporous adsorption resin (H103) which showed its static saturated adsorption of 2.925 mg·g-1 (dry resin) and high efficiency in separate adsorption. 30% ethanol was as eluent in H103 resin adsorption with its elutive power 98.04%. Macroporous resin H103 after properly treated could be used to extract octopamine. This study also provided the experimental basis for the industrial production of natural octopamine.
Strata Pressure Behavior Study on Isolated Island Face in Huainan Mine Area
Authors: Liang Xiao Chen , Zhu Meng Meng , Lu De Chao , Liu Xiao
Published: September 2013

In order to effectively solve strata pressure control of isolated island face and roadway support difficulty, field observation was carried out in Gubei mine 1232(1) face in Huainan mine area. Through the activity regularity of roof and floor in face and pressure mechanism analysis, the contents and method of the mine strata pressure observation were set up. Based on these works, the rule of strata pressure behavior and first weight and periodical weight step were educed. Finally, the technical advantage and theoretical support are provided reference for high yield, high efficiency, and safety production in other isolated island face which had the similar geological conditions.
Optimization Design for Oil-Water Separator of Injection-Production Technology in the same Well
Authors: Yang Shu Ren , Xu Di , Yu Chao , Fan Jia Wei , Fu Cheng Chu Yue
Published: September 2013

In order to solve the problem of high water cut wells in some oil field in Daqing that it could not get the large-scale application because of the bad separating effect of down hole centrifugal oil-water separator, we optimize the design of multi-cup uniform flux oil-water separator according to the similar separation principle of multi-cup uniform flux gas anchor, and it is obtained to achieve of injection-production technology in the same well which is of high water cut. The design concept of the separator is increasing the number of opening every layer and aperture gradually in subsection from up to down in the design process. The purpose is to get the close intake quantity of every orifice and guarantee the residence time is long enough in the separator, effectively shorten the length of down hole oil-water separator and reduce the production costs and operating costs.
Application Prospect of Additive Manufacturing Technology in 3D Printing
Authors: Ma Xue Liang
Published: September 2013

The additive manufacturing has become an important development direction of advanced manufacturing technology, the technology will be developed in three directions: the first is the daily consumer goods manufacturing direction; the second is a functional parts manufacturing; the third is the integration of organization and structure of manufacture. The key technologies are needed to solve in the future included: precision control technology, efficient manufacturing technology, composite parts manufacturing technology.
The Improvement of the Design and Study of Structure of the Coupling Coil
Authors: Wang An Na , Li Yang Chun , Wan Chun Yu , Jin Yu Fei
Published: September 2013

In this paper, the new type of coupling coil is designed and studied, the new structure have some advantages ,such as simple, novel ,small volume and high space utilization ,and the structure of the primary and secondary side coil structure is different in order to adapt to different environmental requirements. And the designed coil can be added to the iron core .The simulation diagrams are fully verified by ANSYS simulation experiment.