bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High Sensitivity Sers Substrate of A Few Nanometers Single-Layer Silver Thickness Fabricated by DC Magnetron Sputtering Technology
Authors: Wu Hsing-Yu , Lin Hung-Chun , Hung Guan-Yi , Tu Chi-Shun , Liu Ting-Yu , Hong Chung-Hung , Yu Guoyu , Hsu Jin-Cherng
Published: August 2022

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is commonly used for super-selective analysis through nanostructured silver layers in the environment, food quality, biomedicine, and materials science. To fabricate a high-sensitivity but more accessible device of SERS, dc magnetron sputtering technology was used to realize high sensitivity, low cost, stable deposition rate, and rapid mass production. This study investigated various thicknesses of a silver film ranging from 3.0 to 12.1 nm by field-emission-scanning-electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In the rhodamine 6G (R6G) testing irradiated by a He-Ne laser beam, the analytical enhancement factor (AEF) of 9.35x108, the limit of detection (LOD) of 10-8 M, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.61% were better than other SERS substrates fabricated by the same dc sputtering process because the results show that the 6 nm thickness silver layer has the highest sensitivity, stability, and lifetime. The paraquat and acetylcholine analytes were further investigated and high sensitivity was also achievable. The proposed SERS samples were evaluated and stored in a low humidity environment for up to forty weeks, and no spectrum attenuation could be detected. Soon, the proposed technology to fabricate high sensitivity, repeatability, and robust SERS substrate will be an optimized process technology in multiple applications.
Virulence Characteristics and Distribution of the Pathogen Listeria Ivanovii in the Environment and in Food
Authors: Rossi Franca , Giaccone Valerio , Colavita Giampaolo , Amadoro Carmela , Pomilio Francesco , Catellani Paolo
Published: August 2022

Listeria ivanovii and L. monocytogenes, are the only pathogenic species of the genus Listeria and share many virulence factors and mechanisms of pathogenicity. L. ivanovii shows host tropism towards small ruminants and rodents and much lower virulence for humans compared to L. monocytogenes. However, severe infections caused by L. ivanovii, resulting in bacteremia, abortion and stillbirth, occasionally occurred in immunocompromised persons and in pregnant women, while in immunocompetent hosts L. ivanovii can cause gastroenteritis. In this review the updated knowledge on virulence aspects and distribution of L. ivanovii in the environment and in food are summarized. Recent research on its virulence characters at genome level gave indications on how pathogenicity evolved in this bacterial species. As for L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii infections occur after the ingestion of contaminated food, so an overview of reports regarding its distribution in the food products was carried out to obtain indications on the categories of foods exposed to contamination by L. ivanovii. It was found that a wide variety of food products can be a source of this microorganism and that, like L. monocytogenes, L. ivanovii is able to persist in the food production environment. Studies on its ability to grow in enrichment and isolation media suggested that its occurrence in nature might be underestimated. Moreover, virulence varies among strains for differences in virulence character regulation, presence/absence of genetic regions and the possible instability of a Listeria pathogenicity genomic island, LIPI-2, which is unique to L. ivanovii. We can conclude that L. ivanovii, as a possible pathogen for animals and humans, requires more focused investigations regarding its occurrence in the environment and in food and on intra-species variability of pathogenic potential.
Upregulation of Cytoglobin in 3D-cultures of Head and Neck Cancer Cells: Role of Hypoxia and Implications for Cisplatin Resistance
Authors: Rochford Garret , Basar Rameeza , Dhiman Rose , Simitdjioglu Djeren , Thorne Lorna S , Liloglou Lakis , Risk Janet M. , Hodges Nikolas J
Published: August 2022

Cytoglobin has been implicated in a range of pathological conditions including fibrosis and cancer, where cytoglobin expression is linked to hypoxia- and drug-resistance. One disease where there is evidence of a role for cytoglobin is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, a disease with a poor prognosis and where clinical resistance to platinum-based drugs is common. In the current study, we demonstrate that 3D-culture of head and neck cancer cells (PE/CA-PJ41, Liv-22K) and normal oral keratinocyte cells (NOK-hTERT) results in changes in sensitivity to cisplatin cytotoxicity compared to 2D-cultures. Relative to 2D-cultures, 3D-cultures of PE/CA-PJ41 and NOK-hTERT cells demonstrated increased cisplatin resistance. In contrast, 3D-cultures of Liv-22K cells were more sensitive to cisplatin. Evidence for cisplatin genotoxicity was observed in the form of GADD45A activation in PE/CA-PJ41 cells but not the other two cell types investigated. Furthermore, DNA-strand breaks were also detected by the alkaline comet assay in PE/CA-PJ41 cells although levels were not significantly affected by 3D-culture. Cytoglobin expression levels were elevated by 3D-culture in all three cell lines investigated and there were also changes in expression of genes related to cell division (MKI57, GJB6), cell adhesion (CDH1), stress response (NFkB, NQO1) and apoptosis (Casp3) but these changes were cell line specific. We also observed consistent transcriptional activation of HIF1a in 3D-cultures of all three cell lines, suggestive of hypoxic conditions in spheroids. In support of a direct role of hypoxia in cytoglobin induction, the HIF1a stabiliser cobalt chloride also induced cytoglobin expression in spheroids. Transcriptomic profiling of PE/CA-PJ41 cells over-expressing cytoglobin identified 121 differentially regulated genes, when cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions. Major changes identified included, upregulation of G1/S cell cycle regulation as well as wnt- and RhoGTPase-signalling pathways. In conclusion, 3D-cultures are a useful model to further study the biological function of cytoglobin in head and neck cancer and we provide evidence that further supports a role for cytoglobin in hypoxia-dependent cellular proliferation and phenotypic changes that could contribute to cisplatin resistance in vivo.
Did Maxwell Dream of Electrical Bacteria?
Authors: Alfinito Eleonora , Cesaria Maura , Beccaria Matteo
Published: August 2022

We propose a model for bacterial Quorum Sensing based on an auxiliary electrostatic-like interaction originating from a fictitious electrical charge that represents bacteria activity. A cooperative mechanism for charge/activity exchange is introduced to implement chemotaxis and replication. The bacteria system is thus represented by means of a complex resistor network where link resistances take into account the allowed activity-flow among individuals. By explicit spatial stochastic simulations, we show that the model exhibits different quasi-realistic behaviors from colony formation to biofilm aggregation. The electrical signal associated with Quorum Sensing is analyzed in space and time and provides useful information about the colony dynamics. In particular, we analyze the transition between the planktonic and the colony phases as the intensity of Quorum Sensing is varied.
THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE CULTURE MANAGEMENT IN THE NETWORK ON THE FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE FIRM
Authors: Tataryntseva Yuliia , Pushkar Oleksandr , Shevchenko Maryna , Osipova Svitlana , Kochetova Tetyana
Published: August 2022

The article substantiates the methodological recommendations for managing corporate culture in the network. The importance of forming a corporate culture not only within the company, but also the dissemination of information about these processes outside, in particular on the pages of branded sites and social networks. Thanks to the proposed recommendations, the company can take a comprehensive approach to the dissemination of its own values, standards, preferences in the network, to form the necessary image that affects the financial results. The essence of related concepts to "corporate culture" is clarified and their interrelation is established. The basic principles of formation of corporate culture are generalized. It is proved that the management of corporate culture in the network meets modern market demands, it is necessary not only to maintain brand loyalty, increase sales, but also to attract investors.
Stability of cyber dating victimization and psychological adjustment in adolescents: a short-term longitudinal study
Authors: Rodríguez-deArriba María-Luisa , Muñoz-Fernández Noelia , Sánchez-Jiménez Virginia
Published: August 2022

The effect of cyber dating victimization on adolescents’ adjustment is understudied. The present study aimed to analyze the impact of cyber dating victimization on antisocial behavior, anxious depressive symptoms, and stress management according to their frequency and stability over time. In the study, 453 Spanish students aged between 12 and 19 years (52.5% girls) with sentimental experience completed surveys in a two-time longitudinal study six-month apart. Cyber dating victimization predicted a worse stress management. Regarding stability, four cyber dating victimization groups were found: non-cyber victims, past cyber victims, recent cyber victims, and stable cyber victims. The results indicated that recent cyber victims worsen their levels of antisocial behavior and anxious depressive symptoms coinciding with the moment of cyber dating victimization. Stable cyber victims showed worse scores in all the study variables over time. This study highlights the impact that cyber dating victimization has on adolescents’ psychological adjustment. These results address the need to develop psychoeducational interventions aimed to prevent cyber dating victimization, favoring adolescents’ healthy development and the improvement of the school life.
Dificultades específicas de aprendizaje y el modelo de respuesta a la intervención: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Suárez Rodríguez José Adrián , Gonzalez-Sánchez Lorena , Areces Débora , García Trinidad , Rodríguez Celestino
Published: August 2022

Las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje son una de las tipologías más comunes del alumnado con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo. Debido a su alta prevalencia y a sus consecuencias en el alumnado, en los últimos años han surgido múltiples iniciativas que tienen como objetivo ayudar a identificar, de forma temprana, a aquellos estudiantes que puedan estar en riesgo de sufrir un problema de aprendizaje en las habilidades instrumentales académicas. El modelo de Respuesta a la Intervención se muestra como una interesante alternativa superando así el modelo de discrepancia CI-Rendimiento. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es analizar la efectividad del modelo de Respuesta a la Intervención en las tres habilidades instrumentales básicas: lectura, escritura y matemáticas. Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo las directrices de la declaración PRISMA para las revisiones sistemáticas científicas. Los estudios se seleccionaron en todas las bases de datos de la Web of Science y Scopus, en un período de búsqueda comprendido entre 2011 y 2021. La revisión se realizó sobre la base 15 estudios seleccionados, seis de ellos investigaban la efectividad del modelo de Respuesta a la Intervención en lectura, cuatro en escritura y cinco en matemáticas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran al modelo de Respuesta a la Intervención como una herramienta efectiva para la detección temprana del alumnado en riesgo de DEA en lectura, escritura y matemáticas.
Java Island Health Profile Clustering using K-Means Data Mining
Authors: Wahyu Saputra Muhammad Andryan , Harini Sri
Published: August 2022

Health is the best gift in life, because with health humans can carry out daily activities. Administratively, Java Island consists of 85 administrative regions and 34 cities. Therefore, it is very important to understand the health level of each area. The main objective of this research is to divide each region (district and city) into several groups and use the K-means method to determine health status based on 8 data parameters into certain groups. Algorithm in groups, will place the data based on the similarity of characteristics between groups. The results showed that there were 4 clusters of health profiles in Java, with 1 high health quality cluster in Central Jakarta, 55 regencies/municipalities with low health quality, 52 regencies/cities with low health quality. and the quality of health is quite low there are 13 districts/cities, it can be concluded that the health indicators in Java
Overcoming Data Imbalance Problems in Sexual Harassment Classification with SMOTE
Authors: Putrada Aji Gautama , Wijaya Irfan Dwi , Oktaria Dita
Published: August 2022

Delivery of justice with the help of artificial intelligence is a current research interest. Machine learning with natural language processing (NLP) can classify the types of sexual harassment experiences into quid pro quo (QPQ) and hostile work environments (HWE). However, imbalanced data are often present in classes of sexual harassment classification on specific datasets. Data imbalance can cause a decrease in the classifier's performance because it usually tends to choose the majority class. This study proposes the implementation and performance evaluation of the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) to improve the QPQ and HWE harassment classifications in the sexual harassment experience dataset. The term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) method applies document weighting in the classification process. Then, we compare naïve Bayes with K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) in classifying sexual harassment experiences. The comparison shows that the performance of the naïve Bayes classifier is superior to the KNN classifier in classifying QPQ and HWE, with AUC values of 0.95 versus 0.92, respectively. The evaluation results show that by applying the SMOTE method to the naïve Bayes classifier, the precision of the minority class can increase from 74% to 90%.
MANAJEMEN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PENINGKATAN MUTU LULUSAN PADA MADRASAH DINIYAH HIDAYATUL MUBTADIIN PAGOTAN
Authors: Christianto Anwar , Evi Muafiah
Published: August 2022

Banyak masalah timbul akibat rendahnya mutu lulusan. Di antara penyebab rendahnya mutu lulusan adalah belum diterapkannya manajemen peserta didik yang baik. Madrasah Diniyah sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan tengah berupaya berinovasi agar tidak tertinggal. Manajemen peserta didik diperlukan dalam upaya mengoptimalkan pengaturan terhadap peserta didik mulai dari masuk hingga kelulusan, guna meningkatkan daya saing lembaga pendidikan di madrasah diniyah. Madrasah Diniyah Hidayatul Mubtadiin Pagotan telah menerapkan pengaturan peserta didik berdasarkan manajemen peserta didik dalam meningkatkan mutu lulusannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan manajemen peserta didik serta kontribusi pelaksanaan manajemen peserta didik dalam peningkatan mutu lulusan pada Madrasah Diniyah Hidayatul Mubtadiin Pagotan. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitiannya adalah single case study. Prosedur pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.  Analisis data menggunakan analisis menurut Miles Matthew dan A. Michael Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan manajemen peserta didik meliputi empat tahap, yaitu planning meliputi analisis kebutuhan peserta didik menyesuaikan daya tampung, penyusunan program; organizing meliputi rekruitmen dengan pembentukan panitia dan pembuatan brosur; actuating meliputi penerimaan dengan sistem promosi dan seleksi, seleksi menggunakan tes tulis, lisan dan praktik, orientasi dilakukan sehari dengan pemberian informasi dan arahan terakit aturan dan tata tertib madrasah, pengelompokkan dengan sistem kelas, pembinaan dan pengembangan meliputi kegiatan kurikuler dan ekstrakurikuler; controlling yang meliputi pencatatan kehadiran dan ketidakhadiran dalam buku absensi, pencatatan dan pelaporan ditulis dalam formulir pendaftaran, buku induk, klapper, buku nilai, rapot dan ijasah; kontribusi pelaksanaan manajemen peserta didik yakni meningkatkan prestasi akademik, prestasi non akademik dan kualitas lulusan.
Strategi Program Kemitraan Madin Ali Adam Coper Jetis Ponorogo
Authors: Rachmawati Ani , Rohmanu Abid
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih rendahnya mutu pendidikan Madrasah Diniyah (Madin). Penyebabnya adalah –untuk menyebut sebagian – kurangnya program kemitraan Madrasah. Menyadari hal tersebut, beberapa Madrasah melakukan berbagai program strategis, salah satunya adalah rintisan dan pengembangan jejaring kemitraan dengan lembaga Bimbingan Belajar Four F4st yang notabene-nya adalah berkaitan dengan materi nonagama (umum). Fenomena menarik ini ada pada Madin Ali Adam Coper Jetis Ponorogo. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan program kemitraan di Madin Ali Adam; 2) Mengidentifikasi prinsip dan nilai-nilai yang melatarbelakangi program kemitraan.  Untuk tujuan-tujuan tersebut, pendekatan kasus (single case study) dipakai dengan analisis-analisis yang bersifat kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Sebagai basis analisis, peneliti menggunakan konsep dan nilai-nilai kemitraan yang ditawarkan oleh Tony Lendrum. Berdasar analisis data penelitian ini menyimpulkan tiga hal: 1) Praktik kemitraan di Madin Ali Adam bersifat paradigmatic, yakni dilakukan dengan penumbuhan paradigma integrasi keilmuan (umum dan agama) dan kesadaran pentingnyadistingsi dan kekhasan untuk tumbuh kembangnya lembaga Madin; 2) Program kemitraan Madin Ali Adam diusung dengan berpegang pada prinsip kejujuran, trust, integritas dan pelayanan;
أنماط تعلم الطلاب في تعليم اللغة العربية في الفصل الرابع "ب" بالمدرسة الإبتدائية السلفية بريك فوساعانوم كيبون ساري مادي
Authors: Iffatul Wahidah  , Yufridal Fitri Nursalam
Published: August 2022

Pendidikan adalah proses mental yang melibatkan sejumlah proses (menerima, memproses, merespons) untuk menimbulkan sensasi, perhatian, persepsi, berpikir, mengingat, memahami ide, dan hubungan. Proses-proses ini berbeda di antara para pembelajar, karena mereka tidak sama dalam penggunaannya dalam menghadapi pengalaman.Misalnya, Anda menemukan seorang pembelajar yang bergantung pada penglihatan untuk menerima informasi dan kemudian memprosesnya dan menanggapinya, sementara Anda menemukan yang lain yang bergantung pada penglihatan. pada pendengaran dan yang lainnya bergantung pada gerakan dan yang lainnya bergantung pada penglihatan dan pendengaran. Dengan demikian, hal ini menuntut guru mengenal karakteristik peserta didik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan peserta didik dan mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan. Metode penelitian ini kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengungkapkan pola belajar siswa kelas IV “B” MI salafiyyah Barek Kebonsari Madiun (2) mengungkapkan analisis antara pola belajar belajar siswa kelas IV “B” MI salafiyyah Barek Kebonsari Madiun dengan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) mata pelajaran bahasa Arab.
A novel twelve-gene signature to evaluate neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and predict prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Wu Jin , Tian Yuan , Liao Bin , Zheng Hong , Liu Wei , Yan Yuzhao , Hu Ying , Wang Minghao , Tang Peng
Published: August 2022

Background
Accurate evaluation of breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) provides important information about systemic therapies, which elucidates tumor biology and prognosis and guides further therapies. Gene profiles overcome the limitations of some indicators of the classical pathological evaluation criteria and the subjectivity of observation, but are complicated and expensive. Therefore, it is essential to develop a more accurate, repeatable, and economical evaluation approach for NAC responses.
Methods
We analyzed the transcriptional profiles of epirubicin-resistant breast cancer cell lines and the tumors derived from NAC-resistant patients from the GEO25066 dataset. We initially screened common significantly differentially expressed genes and constructed a NAC response risk model using LASSO regression and univariate and multivariate analyses. Bioinformatics Analysis were performed to find the differences in bioinformatic features of tumor cells, immune characteristics, and prognosis between the high- and low-risk groups. We screened candidate drugs that could reverse chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer by the Connectivity Map database. Cytotoxicity assay and TUNEL assay were performed to verify the killing effect of drug candidates on drug-resistant breast cancer cells.
Results
Thirty-six genes were commonly up/down-regulated in both the chemo-resistant tumors and cell lines, compared to the sensitive tumors and wild-type cell lines. We obtained a risk model composed of 12 genes trough LASSO regression. The risk model divided patients into high- and low-risk groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses suggested that the risk score is an independent prognostic factor for the evaluation of NAC response to breast cancer. Tumors in these risk groups exhibited significant differences in molecular biological characteristics, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and immunosuppressive molecule expression. Our results suggested that the risk score was also a good prognostic factor for breast cancer. Finally, our results suggest that pravastatin, isocarboxazid, imexon, axitinib, and crizotinib could inhibit or kill chemoresistant cells.
Conclusion
A novel 12 gene-signature could be used to evaluate NAC response and predict prognosis in breast cancer.
Association between the levels of nurse-doctor interprofessional collaboration and in-patient mortality: A systematic review
Authors: Pantha Sandesh , Jones Martin , Moyo Nompilo , Pokharel Bijaya , Kushemererwa Diana , Gray Richard
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe level of nurse-doctor interprofessional collaboration may influence patient outcomes, including mortality. To date, no systematic reviews have investigated the association between the amount of nurse-doctor collaboration and inpatient mortality.MethodsA systematic review. We included studies that measured the amount of nurse-doctor interprofessional collaboration and in-patient mortality. Five databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL and the Cochrane register) were searched in June 2019 and February 2021. Two researchers undertook title and abstract and full-text screening. Risk of bias was determined using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) measure. ResultsSix documents from three observational studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Participants included 191 doctors, 29591 nurses, and 1.32 million patients. Included studies had a high risk of bias. Of the three included studies, one reported a significant association and one no association between nurses’ reports of the amount of interprofessional collaboration. Although meeting inclusion criteria the third study did not test this association.ConclusionWe found no high-quality evidence to suggest the amount of nurse-doctor interprofessional collaboration was associated with mortality in medical and surgical inpatients. There is a need for further high-quality research to evaluate the association between the amount of nurse-doctor interaction and patient outcomes.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42019133543
Estimation of Monthly Sunshine Duration Using Satellite Derived Cloud Data
Authors: Kaba Kazım , Erdi Erdem , Avcı Mutlu , Kandırmaz H. Mustafa
Published: August 2022

Sunshine duration (SD) is one of the critical meteorological parameters used in different fields of application such as climate, renewable energy and agriculture. In this respect, determination and/or estimation of the temporal and spatial variability of SD is critical. Meteorological satellite data/products can be used for estimating SD and in constructing their maps due to their frequent observation of large areas at once. In this study, a multilayer perceptron type artificial neural network model was built to estimate the monthly mean SD for Turkey using the EUMETSAT CM SAF (Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring) CFC (Cloud Fractional Coverage) and CTY (Cloud Type) data, GMTED2010 (Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data) data, month number and daylength. The datasets of 45 stations, spanning nine years (2005–2013), were used for training the model and 12 stations for testing and validating the simulated values. We have compared the results of our model with the ground-measured values for the whole period under consideration and the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean bias error (MBE) and the coefficient of determination (R2) were found as 0.7803 h, 0.6206 h, 0.1751 h and 0.9387, respectively. It has been shown that using the new generation cloud products such as CFC and CTY, elevation data such as GMTED2010 and daylength, it is possible to predict the SD for regions under the coverage of the satellite, in case no measurement is possible or may be unreliable, without needing any measured meteorological data.
Effects of Local Palm Oil Mill Effluent on the Histology of Gill, Liver, Kidney, Heart and Muscle and Its Hematological Effects on African Cat Fish, Clarias Gariepinus
Authors: AFOLABI OLUNIYI ADEDIRAN , Adewoye Solomon O. , Afolabi Folakemi D. , Ishola Oluwaseun A.
Published: August 2022

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is one of the major sources of pollutant produced during oil palm processing. POME in water significantly affects the ability of fishes to detect and respond to chemical stimulus. The aim of this study is to examine the toxicological effects of POME with emphasis on the histopathology of the gills, liver, kidney, heart and muscle as well as the hematological effects. African catfish, Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 300g and standard length 18-21cm were exposed to varying concentrations 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09 ml/l of POME in duplicates for 14 days to determine the toxicity of POME. 110 healthy fishes were randomly placed into eleven rearing tanks of 100 litres capacity (dimension 50 cm x 25 cm x 25 cm) and filled with 40 litres non-chlorinated water at 10 fishes per tank (one tank for control and two tanks each for each concentration)Histopathological examination of the liver after 14 days of exposure revealed lesions which ranged from necrosis, vacuolation and diffused congestion of cells that deteriorate more with increase in POME effluent concentration. Toxic reactions were observed during the experiment. POME is harmful to aquatic organisms, according to the findings of this study, hence its discharge into bodies of water without sufficient treatment should be avoided.
Scintillation performance of Ince-Gaussian beam in atmospheric turbulence
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Mert
Published: August 2022

Scintillation behavior of Ince-Gaussian(IG) beam is studied in this paper. Split step propagation model is applied to find scintillation index. Our results reveal that beam order and degree have strong effect on scintillation under strong turbulent conditions. In addition to these parameters, ellipticity plays a vital role on scintillation characteristics especially in weak turbulent regime. Significant amount of degradation in scintillation attracts the attention. Among IG beam settings, scintillation index of even modes is less comparing with odd modes. Therefore, it is anticipated that performance of optical wireless communication systems increases when IG beam is used.
High expression of AZGP1 is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Xibo , Li Zhenjun , Ge Weiting , Wen Fei , Zheng Shu , Chen Lirong
Published: August 2022

Background
Alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc-binding (AZGP1) is a 41 kDa secreted glycoprotein that has been considered as a potential prognostic biomarker. High expression of AZGP1 in serum is considered to be an indicator of poor prognosis in CRC, however further validation in tissue specimens is lacking.
Methods
We detected the expression level of AZGP1 in 859 CRC patients and 210 normal mucosa samples by immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship between AZGP1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of CRC patients. The relationship between AZGP1 and overall survival of patients was also analyzed to verify the prognostic value of AZGP1 in CRC patients. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in CRC patients using Cox proportional hazards regression models.
Results
The high expression rate of AZGP1 in colorectal adenocarcinoma was 48.4% higher than that in adjacent mucosal tissues and 13.3% (P < 0.001). The expression level of AZGP1 was related to the depth of invasion (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023), distant metastasis (P = 0.002) and pTNM stage(P = 0.003). Univariate analysis found that histological type, differentiation, invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, pTNM stage and AZGP1 expression were associated with the prognosis of CRC patients (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested lymph node metastasis (95% CI: 0.331–0.775, HR: 0.506, P = 0.002), distant metastasis (95% CI: 0.126–0.293, HR: 0.192, P < 0.001) and AZGP1 (95% CI: 0.262–0.637, HR: 0.408, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic indicators.
Conclusion
AZGP1 is a useful indicator for predicting the prognosis of CRC. Its predictive effect is weaker than that of lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.
A Novel Defined Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wang Fan
Published: August 2022

Background: Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed necrotic cell death, but its potential prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) still remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to construct a pyroptosis genes related signature that can effectively predict the prognosis of AML patients.Methods: Based on the available AML data from TCGA and TARGET dabases, a pyroptosis-related prognostic model was constructed by performing a LASSO Cox regression analysis, and the predictive value of the model was validated in a GEO cohort. The impact of pyroptosis on the immune microenvironment of AML was explored as well. The chemotherapeutic drug Sensitivity was further evaluated.Results: A 10-gene signature model was constructed to effectively predict AML prognosis, which showed that patients with low-risk score had a significantly better prognosis than the high-risk group, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis proved superior performance of the prognostic model. The model was further verified well in an external GEO cohort. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that in addition to age, the risk score was also an independent poor survival factor for AML patients. Moreover, the high-risk group generally had higher activity of cytolytic activity and increased levels of infiltrating immune cells including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Additionally, low-risk AML patients may get better response from the traditional chemotherapeutic drugs (cytarabine, doxorubicin, docetaxel and etoposide).Conclusion: A pyroptosis-related gene signature can independently predict the prognosis of AML patients with sufficient predictive power, and pyroptosis plays an important role in the immune microenvironment of AML, which may be used to develop a new effective immunotherapeutic method for AML in the future.
Fontan operation experience and results of our cardiovascular surgery center
Authors: GOJAYEV Farıd , TİRELİ Emin
Published: August 2022

Objective: In this study, we present our experiences and results of the first Fontan surgeries we performed in our center in accordance with the surgical criteria we believe in.Materials and methods: This is an observational study involving 19 patients. We performed Fontan surgery on these patients in the 2018-2020 period. There were 11 men and 8 women among the patients. We preferred the extracardiac tunnel method in all cases. We did not prefer total circulatory arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass in any case.Results: Patients were not homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics. Patients differed in terms of pre- and postoperative cardiac diagnosis and complications. We lost 2 of 19 patients and the overall mortality rate was 10.5%. We used extracardiac membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in 3 patients. We applied ICD implantation to the patient. The discharge due to effusion due to chylothorax was prolonged in 4 patients. The postoperative NHYA capacity of the patients was evaluated as 1 or 2.Conclusion: If the oxygen saturation value of Fontan candidate heart patients is not critical, if the ventricular functionality is at normal capacity, if the effort capacity, hemodynamic stability and physical examination findings are close to normal, we recommend that this operation not be performed at very young ages. We believe that it would be beneficial to postpone this surgery to the advanced age group as much as possible in order not to increase the mortality rate.
Effects of Exogenous Strigolactone on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. Seedlings under Drought Stress
Authors: Li Yan , Li Sutao , Feng Qixian , Zhang Juan , Han Xuelin , Zhang Lei , Yang Fulin , Zhou Jing
Published: August 2022

Background: Drought is one of the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and development. To explore the mitigation effects of exogenous strigolactones (SLs) on drought stress during the seedling stage, the Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. were used as the material. The effects of different concentrations (1, 3, 5, and 7 μmol·L−1) of SLs on the photosynthetic characteristics, growth performance, and endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) of P. Purpureum under drought stress were studied. Results: Exogenous SLs could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on the growth of P. Purpureum. Compared with drought stress, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency of the leaves of P. Purpureum after SL treatment were significantly increased, which has a significant mitigation effect on the decrease of photosystem II maximum photochemical efficiency and the performance index based on light absorption caused by drought. In addition, the exogenous application of SLs can effectively increase the fresh and dry weight of the leaves and roots and the length of the main roots. After applying SLs for 120 h, the ABA content of P. Purpureum decreased significantly. The activity of key enzymes of photosynthesis significantly increased after 48 h of external application of SLs to P. Purpureum. Conclusions: In summary, SL treatment can improve the photosynthetic performance of P. Purpureum leaves under drought conditions and increase the antioxidant capacity of the leaves, thereby reducing the adverse effects of drought, promoting the growth of P. Purpureum, and effectively improving the drought resistance of P. Purpureum.
Fattening performance and carcass traits of two fat tailed sheep breeds
Authors: Obeidat Mohammad , Obeidat Belal
Published: August 2022

Fat tailed sheep breeds are the most spread types of sheep in the Middle East. They are hardy with acceptable growth and carcass traits. The purpose of this study was to compare the fattening performance and carcass characteristics of two fat-tailed sheep breeds Najdi and Awassi. Thirty single born Awassi and Najdi male lambs (15 lambs per breed) were examined for fattening and carcass characteristics. The study lasted seventy days (10 days adaptation period and 60 days for collecting the data). Feed consumption was monitored daily, while the body weight of lambs was recorded upon arrival to the trial area and biweekly afterwards. Lambs were slaughtered at the end of the study to assess carcass and meat quality characteristics. Nitrogen intake and retained nitrogen were higher (p < 0.05) for Najdi lambs. Digestibility of nutrients were comparable between the two genetic groups. Initial body weight, final body weight, ADG, and dry matter intake were not affected (p > 0.05) by lamb’s breed. Furthermore, feed to gain ratio. Carcass hot and cold weights, as well as dressing percentage were also unaffected by lamb’s breed (p > 0.05). The breed of lamb has no influence on the percentages of shoulder, loin, and rack. While Awassi breed had numerically a larger proportion of legs (p = 0.06). Moreover, meat quality traits were not affected by lamb’s breed. Result s of this study suggest that fattening performance and carcass traits for Awassi and Najdi lambs were comparable.
Detection and dietary intake risk assessment of fungicides residues in agro-products by UPLC-MS/MS with modified QuEChERS
Authors: Ding Guotao , Sun Peng , Ren Danqi , Gao Teng , Fang Yanfei , Gao Xi , Ma Hansheng , Li Guiying , Li Weihao
Published: August 2022

To detect the residues of 8 fungicides in agro-products from 2018–2021 in Hebei province China, the method with modified QuEChERS by Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed. The decontamination method was performed by added primary secondary amines (PSA) sorbent, NaCl, anhydrous MgSO4 to the extract. The analytical methods were validated with respect to matrix effect, recovery, calibration curves, limit of detection(LOD), limit of quantification(LOQ). With the developed method, we had detected 78 samples including 13 vegetable categories. The number of conventional samples detected at concentrations above the limits of quantification (LOQ) was ranging from 5 to 18. In all 13 vegetable categories, the largest types of fungicides were detected in celery samples. The risk quotient (RQ) of difenoconazole was the highest and the RQ of dimethomorph was the lowest. The RQs of fungicide in vegetables were all less than 100%. In this study, we have revealed that the residues of eight fungicides shown a low risk to human health.
55 xenobiotic organic compounds in Tripoli Landfill-Lebanon Leachate and their Fluxes to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Moustafa Ahmad , Hamzeh Mariam , Baroudi Moamen , Ouddane Baghdad , Net Sopheak
Published: August 2022

Pollution generated from landfill solid wastes constitute one of the major threat to the environment. The landfill leachate contains various toxic pollutants, making it the most dangerous issue of the landfills. Monitoring the xenobiotic organic concentrations in landfill leachate is an important step to evaluate the environmental impacts. This work aims to monitor the concentration of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), and bisphenols (BPs) in leachate samples collected from the old and new units of Tripoli landfill-Lebanon. The organic pollutants were extracted by using the solid-phase extraction and quantified by using GC-MS/MS. The results showed high level of PAEs, BPs, PCBs and PAHs in the leachate samples. The fluxes of pollutants to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea have been detected at 0.23 kg, 0.01 kg, 116.85 kg, 15.93 kg, and 7.58 kg for Σ16PAHs, Σ28PCBs, Σ6PAEs, Σ4BPs, and 4-NP respectively.
WITHDRAWN: Synergism in sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidiumparvum with trypsin and UV irradiation
Authors: Xiao Dan , Wang Nan , Chen Shiheng , Wang Siyue , Yuan Xiangyi , Fan Wei , Huo Mingxin
Published: August 2022

Cryptosporidium in wastewater presents a major public health concern for water safety. However, bactericidal efficiencies of Cryptosporidium oocysts using conventional disinfection methods are still hampered due to the resistance produced by their thick outer wall. In this study, we present a novel UV inactivation with significantly enhanced efficiency by trypsin pretreatment. Notably, the inactivation performance (log-reduction) of oocysts was 73.75-294.72% higher than that obtained in individual UV irradiation under identical conditions. Experimental observations and supporting mechanistic analyses suggest that the trypsin can cleave proteins layer on oocyst wall, which facilitates UV irradiation to penetrate into the oocysts and attack their genomic DNA (gDNA). The trypsin displayed considerable operational stability in the reaction mixture, and its dissociation effect of oocyst wall was indicated by the fact that 64.50% of oocysts displayed early apoptosis after trypsinization. The combined treatment almost totally destroyed the oocysts coat and deformed their shape according to scanning electron microscopy. This resulted in the release of cellular proteins and gDNA, and their concentrations in bulk solution increased by 1.22–8.60 times. As UV irradiation time was prolonged, gDNA was degraded into small fragments with lower molecular weight. Both the laddering and diffuse smear patterns in the gel indicated significant detrimental effect on gDNA and viability of oocysts. Overall, this study demonstrates the enhanced UV inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts by trypsin and provides the underlying mechanisms for the process.
Tectonically Stable Parts in Iraq are not Stable
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Laue Jan
Published: August 2022

The Iraqi territory is located in the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate which is in collision with the Iranian (Eurasian) Plate. The collision which is still ongoing has created tens of folds some of them exhibit different types of faults. The exerted compressional forces are believed to be decreasing southwest wards as being far from the collision area. Accordingly, all the existing tectonic and geological maps compiled by different authors and all the existing published articles, reports and books have considered two main tectonic domains in Iraq. The Stable Shelf and Unstable Shelf or Inner Platform and Outer Platform. The contact between these two main divisions follows almost the Euphrates River; towards west of the river is the Stable area and towards east and north is the Unstable area.In the current study, we have recognized tens of different Neotectonic evidences in the Stable part indicating that the area is tectonically not stable. Among those indications are abandoned valleys, development of sinkholes along certain lineaments, bending of valleys in normal angles, development of Nick points in valleys along certain lineaments.
Altered visual evoked potentials associated with verbal and nonverbal skills in Fragile X syndrome.
Authors: Saoud Elizabeth , Fitzgerald John , Hartney Megan , Wilkinson Carol L
Published: August 2022

Background: Understanding the neurobiology behind Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is critical in identifying effective therapeutics and improving care for affected individuals. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides an opportunity to investigate the biological foundations of this disorder. We aimed to characterize the visual evoked potential (VEP) in young children with FXS, and to understand how measures of the VEP are associated with verbal and nonverbal development within FXS. Methods: VEPs were collected in children between 2-7 years old with FXS (n = 9) as well as corresponding age- (n = 10) and cognitive-matched (n = 9) typically developing children. Additionally, the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and Preschool Language Scales were administered to collect measures of verbal and nonverbal development. Differences in component amplitudes and latencies of the VEP were assessed using ANCOVAs, and associations of VEP measures and verbal and nonverbal development were evaluated using linear regression with age as a covariate. Results: No differences between groups were observed in N1, P1, or N2 VEP components. However, a consistent and prominent P2 component (latency = 177ms ± 13.7), was observed in children with FXS. The P2 amplitude was significantly increased in FXS children compared to the cognitive-matched group (p = 0.004). For children with FXS, the amplitude of several VEP components were associated with verbal and nonverbal development; larger N1 amplitude and smaller P1 and P2 amplitudes were all associated with better receptive language (all p<0.05) and larger N1 amplitude was also associated with better fine motor skills (p<0.05). Conclusions: The observed increase in P2 amplitude and its negative association with language development within the FXS group supports the P2 component as a potential biomarker for FXS as a disorder, as well as a pathophysiological marker of verbal impairment that could be used in clinical trials.
Nanostructured Materials from Plant, Animal, and Fisheries Wastes: Potential and Valorization for Application in Agriculture
Authors: Krishnani Kishore Kumar , Boddu Veera Mallu , Chadha Narinder Kumar , Chakraborty Puja , Kumar Jitendra , Krishna Gopal , Pathak Himanshu
Published: August 2022

Global agriculture is facing tremendous challenges due to climate change. The most predominant amongst these challenges are abiotic and biotic stresses caused by increased incidences of temperature extremes, drought, unseasonal flooding, and pathogens. These threats, mostly due to anthropogenic activities, resulted in severe challenges to crop and livestock production leading to substantial economic losses. It is essential to develop environmentally viable and cost-effective green processes to alleviate these stresses in the crops, livestock, and fisheries. The application of nanomaterials in farming practice to minimize nutrient losses, pest management, and enhance stress resistance capacity is of supreme importance. This paper explores innovative methods for synthesizing nanostructured materials using plants, animals, and fisheries wastes and their valorization to mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses and input use efficiency in climate-smart, and stress-resilient agriculture including crop plants, livestock, and fisheries.
MDM2 inhibition by nutlin-3 shift pyroptosis to apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells undergoing 5-FU treatment
Authors: Cai Hong-yi , Hu Tingting , Gou Yongjiu , Zhu Zijiang , Zhao Xinhan
Published: August 2022

Aim
To investigate what cell death mode is dominat in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and cell line, and the role played byMDM2-p53 pathway in the transition of pyroptosis to apoptosis during chemotherapy
Materials and Methods
Patients with NSCLC were consecutively recruited in Gansu Provincial Hospital from December 2016 to January 2018. The protein expressions of GSDMD, GSDME, and MDM2 were compared between cancer and adjacent tissues in NSCLC patients, as well as between normal human respiratory epithelium HBE cells and A549 carcinoma cells. A549 and HBE cells were treated with Nutlin-3 to inhibit the MDM2 function in the presence of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU).
Results
Both GSDMD and GSDME were expressed in NSCLC tissues, while only GSDME was expressed in A549 and HBE cells. The execution effective N-terminal of GSDME, but not of GSDMD was expressed in NSCLC tissue, and A549 and HBE cells after chemotherapeutic drug treatments. GSDME overexpression in both A549 and HBE cells increased pyroptosis. The expression of MDM2 measured by IHC was significantly higher in cancer tissues. Nutlin-3, a specific inhibitor of MDM2 binding to P53, significantly decreased the total cell survival rate and pyroptosis, but increased apoptosis in A549 cells treated with 5-FU. Nutlin-3 did not show any effect on HBE cells.
Conclusions
GSDME expression in the lung carcinoma determines pyroptosis sensitivity and the occurrence of severe side effects. MDM2 inhibition shifts pyroptosis to apoptosis, which may be useful in increasing the anti-tumor effects and preventing pyroptosis-induced side effects in lung cancer chemotherapy.