bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doubling Your Payoff: Winning Pain Relief Engages Endogenous Pain Inhibition
Authors: Becker Susanne , Gandhi Wiebke , Kwan Saskia , Ahmed Alysha-Karima , Schweinhardt Petra
Published: August 2015

When in pain, pain relief is much sought after, particularly for individuals with chronic pain. In analogy to augmentation of the hedonic experience (“liking”) of a reward by the motivation to obtain a reward (“wanting”), the seeking of pain relief in a motivated state might increase the experience of pain relief when obtained. We tested this hypothesis in a psychophysical experiment in healthy human subjects, by assessing potential pain-inhibitory effects of pain relief “won” in a wheel of fortune game compared with pain relief without winning, exploiting the fact that the mere chance of winning induces a motivated state. The results show pain-inhibitory effects of pain relief obtained by winning in behaviorally assessed pain perception and ratings of pain intensity. Further, the higher participants scored on the personality trait novelty seeking, the more pain inhibition was induced. These results provide evidence that pain relief, when obtained in a motivated state, engages endogenous pain-inhibitory systems beyond the pain reduction that underlies the relief in the first place. Consequently, such pain relief might be used to improve behavioral pain therapy, inducing a positive, perhaps self-amplifying feedback loop of reduced pain and improved functionality.
Selective Effects of PDE10A Inhibitors on Striatopallidal Neurons Require Phosphatase Inhibition by DARPP-32
Authors: Polito Marina , Guiot Elvire , Gangarossa Giuseppe , Longueville Sophie , Doulazmi Mohamed , Valjent Emmanuel , Hervé Denis , Girault Jean-Antoine , Paupardin-Tritsch Danièle , Castro Liliana R. V. , Vincent Pierre
Published: August 2015

Type 10A phosphodiesterase (PDE10A) is highly expressed in the striatum, in striatonigral and striatopallidal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), which express D1and D2dopamine receptors, respectively. PDE10A inhibitors have pharmacological and behavioral effects suggesting an antipsychotic profile, but the cellular bases of these effects are unclear. We analyzed the effects of PDE10A inhibitionin vivoby immunohistochemistry, and imaged cAMP, cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), and cGMP signals with biosensors in mouse brain slices. PDE10A inhibition in mouse striatal slices produced a steady-state increase in intracellular cAMP concentration in D1and D2MSNs, demonstrating that PDE10A regulates basal cAMP levels. Surprisingly, the PKA-dependent AKAR3 phosphorylation signal was strong in D2MSNs, whereas D1MSNs remained unresponsive. This effect was also observed in adult micein vivosince PDE10A inhibition increased phospho-histone H3 immunoreactivity selectively in D2MSNs in the dorsomedial striatum. The PKA-dependent effects in D2MSNs were prevented in brain slices andin vivoby mutation of the PKA-regulated phosphorylation site of 32 kDa dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32), which is required for protein phosphatase-1 inhibition. These data highlight differences in the integration of the cAMP signal in D1and D2MSNs, resulting from stronger inhibition of protein phosphatase-1 by DARPP-32 in D2MSNs than in D1MSNs. This study shows that PDE10A inhibitors share with antipsychotic medications the property of activating preferentially PKA-dependent signaling in D2MSNs.
Maternal hypothyroxinaemia in early pregnancy and school performance in 5-year-old offspring
Authors: Noten Anna M E , Loomans Eva M , Vrijkotte Tanja G M , van de Ven Peter M , van Trotsenburg A S Paul , Rotteveel Joost , van Eijsden Manon , Finken Martijn J J
Published: August 2015

Objective

Overt hypothyroidism in pregnant women is associated with a lower intelligence quotient in their children. More recently, subtle decreases in maternal thyroid function have also been associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in offspring. We tested the effect of hypothyroxinaemia during early pregnancy on school performance.

Design

This was a longitudinal study that included the data of 1196 mother-child pairs from the Amsterdam Born Children and Their Development study.

Methods

Maternal serum free thyroxine (T4) and TSH were obtained at a median gestational age of 12.9 (interquartile range: 11.9–14.3) weeks. School performance was assessed at age 5 years and based on scores obtained in arithmetic and language tests from the national monitoring and evaluation system. Poor school performance was defined as a test result <25th percentile and subnormal school performance as a result <50th percentile of the norm population. To estimate the impact of possible non-response bias, we conducted inverse-probability weighted analyses.

Results

Maternal hypothyroxinaemia (i.e., a maternal free T4 in the lowest 10% of distribution) was associated with a 1.61 (95% CI: 1.05–2.47) -fold increased odds of subnormal arithmetic performance after adjustment for confounders (P=0.03). However, the odds ratio dropped to 1.48 (95% CI: 0.94–2.32) after inverse-probability weighting (P=0.09). No such relations were found with TSH.

Conclusions

Maternal hypothyroxinaemia at the end of the first trimester was associated with reduced performance in an arithmetic test, but not in a language test, in 5-year-old offspring. However, our results should be interpreted carefully because of possible non-response bias.
Are we really at the dawn of understanding sporadic pediatric thyroid carcinoma?
Authors: Cordioli Maria Isabel C Vieira , Moraes Lais , Cury Adriano Namo , Cerutti Janete M
Published: August 2015

Data from the National Cancer Institute and from the literature have disclosed an increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in children, adolescents and adults. Although children and adolescents with thyroid cancer tend to present with more advanced disease than adults, their overall survival rate is excellent; however, there is no clear explanation for the differences observed in the clinicopathological outcomes in these age groups. There has been an ongoing debate regarding whether the clinicopathological differences may be due to the existence of distinct genetic alterations. Efforts have been made to identify these acquired genetic abnormalities that will determine the tumor's biological behavior and ultimately allow molecular prognostication. However, most of the studies have been performed in radiation-exposed pediatric thyroid carcinoma. Therefore, our understanding of the role of these driver mutations in sporadic pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer development is far from complete, and additionally, there is a strong need for studies in both children and adolescents. The aim of this review is to present an extensive literature review with emphasis on the molecular differences between pediatric sporadic and radiation-exposed differentiated thyroid carcinomas and adult population.
Bone remodeling in the context of cellular and systemic regulation: the role of osteocytes and the nervous system
Authors: Niedźwiedzki Tadeusz , Filipowska Joanna
Published: August 2015

Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes constant remodeling. The appropriate course of this process determines development and regeneration of the skeleton. Tight molecular control of bone remodeling is vital for the maintenance of appropriate physiology and microarchitecture of the bone, providing homeostasis, also at the systemic level. The process of remodeling is regulated by a rich innervation of the skeleton, being the source of various growth factors, neurotransmitters, and hormones regulating function of the bone. Although the course of bone remodeling at the cellular level is mainly associated with the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, recently also osteocytes have gained a growing interest as the principal regulators of bone turnover. Osteocytes play a significant role in the regulation of osteogenesis, releasing sclerostin (SOST), an inhibitor of bone formation. The process of bone turnover, especially osteogenesis, is also modulated by extra-skeletal molecules. Proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts are promoted by the brain-derived serotonin and hypothetically inhibited by its intestinal equivalent. The activity of SOST and serotonin is either directly or indirectly associated with the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the main regulatory pathway of osteoblasts function. The impairment of bone remodeling may lead to many skeletal diseases, such as high bone mass syndrome or osteoporosis. In this paper, we review the most recent data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of bone remodeling control, with particular emphasis on the role of osteocytes and the nervous system in this process.
Crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web: A Research Manifesto
Authors: Sarasua Cristina , Simperl Elena , Noy Natasha F. , Bernstein Abraham , Leimeister Jan Marco
Published: August 2015

Our goal with this research manifesto is to define a roadmap to guide the evolution of the new research field that is emerging at the intersection between crowdsourcing and the Semantic Web. We analyze the confluence of these two disciplines by exploring their relationship. First, we focus on how the application of crowdsourcing techniques can enhance the machine-driven execution of Semantic Web tasks. Second, we look at the ways in which machine-processable semantics can benefit the design and management of crowdsourcing projects. As a result, we are able to describe a list of successful or promising scenarios for both perspectives, identify scientific and technological challenges, and compile a set of recommendations to realize these scenarios effectively.
Analysis of the investment costs in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Cundinamarca
Authors: Rodríguez Miranda Juan Pablo , García-Ubaque César Augusto , Penagos Londoño Juan Carlos
Published: August 2015

Some of the most significant aspects in the selection of wastewater treatment plants are the investment costs, since they cross-linkthe treatment level, the quality of the raw wastewater, the design flow and the purpose of the treated wastewater. Through a multivariable exponential regression analysis, data from 51 projects of new treatment plants was analyzed, and from that process, data of cost scale elasticity was obtained, in slow growth, in comparison to the design flow for each of the treatment technologies analyzed.
Measurement-based exponential recovery load model: development and validation
Authors: Rodríguez-García Luis , Pérez-Londoño Sandra , Mora-Flórez Juan
Published: August 2015

Load modeling is an important task in power system stability analysis and control. Taking this into account, the development of dynamic load models using a measurement-based load modeling strategy and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is presented in this paper. To accomplish this objective, a measurement-based parameter estimation method is used for identification of an exponential recovery load model. Measurements are obtained performing dynamic simulation of an IEEE 30-bus test system under several disturbances, and additionally, cross validation technique is applied for an analysis of load model generalization capability. An adequate load modeling improves the comprehension of load behavior and the capability of reproduce transient events on power systems.
Caracterización del suicidio en adolescentes de Antioquia, Colombia, 2000-2010
Authors: Medina Pérez Oscar Adolfo , Díaz Téllez Ángel Saúl , Rozo David Andrés José
Published: August 2015

Introducción: Las tasas de suicidio han aumentado en los últimos años como lo indican distintas fuentes, entre ellas la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), al respecto, se requiere conocimiento preciso de sus características para hacer más efectivos los esfuerzos de intervención. Por ello el objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar la conducta suicida, en adolescentes antioqueños, en el periodo 2000 – 2010.

Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal. La información de los suicidios se obtuvo de los certificados de defunción registrados ante el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE); de ellos se analizaron variables de: persona, tiempo y lugar. Se calcularon medidas descriptivas y tasas.

Resultados: Se registraron 693 suicidios en los once años estudiados. De ellos, 63,2% fueron hombres; 83% tenían edades superiores a los catorce años; 80,1% eran solteros; 42,1% eligió el ahorcamiento. El promedio de edad se ubicó en 16,5 años (DE 2,16). El año que obtuvo la mayor proporción de suicidios fue 2005 con 11,1%; por meses fue Julio, con el 10,7%. La tasa del periodo se ubicó en 5,7 por cada cien mil adolescentes (7,1 en hombres y 4,3 en mujeres). El riesgo más alto estuvo en los municipios del Nordeste, que registraron una tasa de 8,8 por cada cien mil adolescentes.
Conclusiones: El estudio pone de manifiesto que el suicidio en adolescentes es un grave problema de salud pública en Antioquia y revela sus principales características, lo que contribuye a la creación de programas de prevención.
Chundú o Pusana mala: presentación de un caso de un síndrome psiquiátrico cultural no reconocido.
Authors: Bravo Naranjo Edward Julian
Published: August 2015

Los síndromes psiquiátricos culturales definen a un grupo de manifestaciones sintomáticas que son identificadas como un trastorno específico en un contexto sociocultural limitado y que pueden o no corresponder a categorías diagnósticas más universales. En Latinoamérica se han descrito los ataques de nervios, el susto y el mal de ojo como los más frecuentes, figurando en el DSM-IV, DSM 5 y en el GLADP. El presente caso describe los síntomas experimentados por una mujer de 19 años proveniente de la familia indígena Yucuna de la Amazonía colombiana, con un cuadro de ansiedad y alucinaciones que más adelante fue identificado como chundú o pusana mala, un trastorno asociado a la magia de amor hasta ahora no descrito en la literatura científica.
TEM and EELS Study on TaOx-based Nanoscale Resistive Switching Devices
Authors: Norris Kate J. , Yang J. Joshua , Kobayashi Nobuhiko P.
Published: August 2015

Resistive switching, a reversible change in electrical resistance of a dielectric layer through the application of a voltage bias, has propelled a field of research to form improved non-volatile memory device. Tantalum oxide has been investigated as the dielectric component of resistive switching devices as a leading candidate for a few years. Presented here is a structural and chemical investigation of TaOx devices with 55nm in diameter in the virgin, forming on, and switched off (reset) states for comparison using cross sectional TEM techniques including HRTEM, and EELS to gain further understanding of this material system. The nanodevices imaged in this study were switched below 100µA. Unique features found in this study are in agreement with previous hypotheses made by various researchers based on X-ray fluorescence microscopy of micron-scale devices, indicating a variation in oxygen concentration around the switching area.
The Dynamics of Pretend Play Development in Early Childhood
Authors: Brėdikytė Milda , Brandišauskienė Agnė , Sujetaitė - Volungevičienė Giedrė
Published: August 2015

The phenomenon of play is constantly raising many questions for researchers and practitioners. Why play important, what kind of play is should be promoted in kindergarten classrooms, should it be supported and how? This article provides a short analysis on the concept of play and introduces an investigation aimed at analyzing the dynamics of the development of children’s pretend play in early childhood settings. This research is performed within the framework of Cultural-Historical theory of play. The development of children’s pretend play in ECEC groups will be discussed; gender differences and the level of pretend play within different age groups of children will be analyzed.
Epistemological and Methodological Considerations in International School Textbook Research
Authors: Sakadolskienė Emilija
Published: August 2015

Many acknowledge a dearth of research regarding Lithuanian school textbooks. Educational institutions rely on reviews by select experts who provide advice during the approval process. Most extant research analyses content and its relationship to curriculum. Some have examined multicultural tolerance issues. Very few field studies have been done on the actual use of textbooks by teachers and pupils. On the other hand, Lithuanian teachers’ reliance on textbook material for the delivery of instruction is greater than in other European countries, according to international research. Therefore, an increase of formative or development research regarding textbooks is necessary. This article presents the need for an epistemological stance in textbook inquiry. It has been argued that you cannot construct convincing textbook research methodologies without a theoretical stance and that textbook research has been “underphilosophised”. Various philosophical positions have been proposed for textbook research, including positivism, critical theory, postmodernism, hermeneutics, neo-hermeneutics, post-colonialism, post-postmodernism, and others. Each dictates its own view of content, narrative, marginalization, point of view, prejudice and tradition. In terms of methodologies, traditional content analysis has been supplemented by hermeneutic, linguistic, discourse, semiotic, narrative, historiographic, cross-cultural, critical analysis. Contingency analysis is a relatively new mixed method that examines the relationship between text and image. Others analyze textbook questioning techniques, visual materials or the process of textbook production. One of the greatest shift in textbook research is the realization that users are the arbiters of knowledge and meaning, and their role as intermediaries must be examined in context. For these types of studies to flourish partnerships need to emerge between universities, textbook publishers, schools, and educational policy makers.
Education Psychologist Priorities in Inclusive Education Context
Authors: Petrulytė Ala
Published: August 2015

One of the most important European Union strategies is development and growth with a help of education, because investment in education is justified economically. Psychologists who work within an education system play an important role. In this article we describe the priorities of psychologists in education. Important priorities of a school psychologist today are: inclusive education conditions and mental health and well-being of a child. Inclusive education is a form of education, when using the curriculum, with different teaching methods and assistance, created optimal learning environment for children needs and skills. Inclusive education improves psychological well-being of a child.

We present the findings of child’s psychological well-being strengthening, and psychological support in an inclusive education environment: to provide tools of improvement of mental health and learning environment; to monitor the learning conditions and factors, and predict their impact on a child’s psychological well-being; to develop a portfolio of intervention tools on an individual and institutional level of education; to perform evaluative research that evaluates an efficiency of various positive intervention. There is also important cooperation between psychologists, teachers and others specialists.
New Generation of Students Information Abilities: Metacognitive and Cognitive Thinking Dimension
Authors: Pečiuliauskienė Palmira , Dagys Džeraldas
Published: August 2015

The paper analyses the basic school students (8th grade students) information literacy according to the theoretical SCONUL which encompass seven literacy components (seven pillars): 1) Determining the goals and the need for information (manages to determine the need for information); 2) projecting process of searching information (manages to assess current knowledge and identify gaps); 3) planning (manages to construct strategies for determining sources of information); 4)  collecting and storing of the information (manages to identify sources and access the needed information); 5) assessing the information (manages to review, compare and assess the information); 6) managing the information (manages to deal with the information in professional and ethical manner); 7) presentation of the information (manages to apply gained knowledge: present results of researches, summarise new and old information, develop and spread new knowledge).

It is identified that the information literacy of new generation is expressed by the ability to determine the goals and the need for information, the ability to project the process of information search, the ability to collect and store the information, the ability to deal with the information in professional and ethical manner when achieving the intended objectives. The levels of these skills are not the same quantitatively. The ability of determining the goals and the need for information is mostly expressed whereas the ability of collecting and storing of the information is weakest.

Blocked-data ANOVA shows that the various information abilities under SCONUL evaluation model differ significantly (p = 0.000 for α = 0.05). The ability of determining the goals and the need for information and the ability of projecting process of searching information are based on metacognitive thinking skills whereas the ability of collecting and storing of the information and the ability to deal with the information in professional and ethical manner are based on cognitive thinking skills. The metacognitive abilities of new generation based on the information are better expressed than cognitive ones.

The statistical significance of the difference has been confirmed by blocked-data ANOVA.
Application of Thematic Text Tasks and Active Teaching Methods that Enable 12th Grade Students to Prepare for Writing a Reasoning Essay in Lithuanian Lessons
Authors: Stepukonienė Inga
Published: August 2015

Students consider writing a reasoning essay as one of the most complex tasks. To perform such a task successfully one is required to have not only good knowledge of the Lithuanian literature and erudition but also creativity, one’s ability to think analytically, argumentative capacity as well as one’s mastery of the native language. Therefore, writing a reasoning essay requires not only critical thinking and an ability to express own opinion but also other important – literary and linguistic – competencies.

Providing learners (12th graders) with focused thematic text comprehension tasks as well as using active methods of teaching literature to them are a theoretical prerequisite to improve their skills in writing a reasoning essay, to deepen their subject knowledge and to develop their creative skills as well as teamwork, communication, abilities and public speaking competencies. Therefore, the object of the current research is the development of working activity by applying thematic tasks of text comprehension and active methods of teaching literature in order to enable learners to prepare for writing a reasoning essay in Lithuanian lessons. The research was carried out in one of the Year 12 classes at the X gymnasium. 22 students participated in the research, ten boys and twelve girls. These were good students, active and had good relationship among each other. The qualitative measure of the chosen educational activity was the written assignments of the students. The evaluation of the essays according to their contents, expression and language usage is the fundamental criterion proving the suitability of the method. The students were also offered to evaluate the acquired abilities themselves by writing a half-structured learning process and result reflection.

Having carried out the empirical research showed that applying focused thematic text comprehension tasks and active methods of teaching literature in literature classes helped the learners to prepare better for writing a reasoning essay. The presentation of thematic text comprehension tasks has improved the learners’ competencies in subject matter and comprehension, argumentation, statement grounding and paragraph writing according to the set criteria. The active methods have created an opportunity for learners to improve the knowledge of literary theory and history as well as text analysis and interpretation. The methods have also deepened the learners’ skills and abilities in information selection and systematization and public speaking. Individual and group work has enabled the students to uncover the “great discoveries” themselves. The students have become more independent, more creative, more motivated, developed broader literary understanding and could therefore describe in more precise detail the studied literary and cultural phenomena and processes and that has allowed them to achieve better results in creative writing.
Evaluation of protein extraction methods for enhanced proteomic analysis of tomato leaves and roots
Authors: VILHENA MILCA B. , FRANCO MÔNICA R. , SCHMIDT DAIANA , CARVALHO GISELLE , AZEVEDO RICARDO A.
Published: August 2015

Proteomics is an outstanding area in science whose increasing application has advanced to distinct purposes. A crucial aspect to achieve a good proteome resolution is the establishment of a methodology that results in the best quality and wide range representation of total proteins. Another important aspect is that in many studies, limited amounts of tissue and total protein in the tissue to be studied are found, making difficult the analysis. In order to test different parameters, combinations using minimum amount of tissue with 4 protocols for protein extraction from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) leaves and roots were evaluated with special attention to their capacity for removing interferents and achieving suitable resolution in bidimensional gel electrophoresis, as well as satisfactory protein yield. Evaluation of the extraction protocols revealed large protein yield differences obtained for each one. TCA/acetone was shown to be the most efficient protocol, which allowed detection of 211 spots for leaves and 336 for roots using 500 µg of leaf protein and 800 µg of root protein per gel.
Porta de entrada para diagnóstico da tuberculose em idosos em municípios brasileiros
Authors: Sá Lenilde Duarte de , Scatena Lucia Marina , Rodrigues Rosalina Aparecida Partezanni , Nogueira Jordana de Almeida , Silva Antonia Oliveira , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena
Published: August 2015

RESUMOObjetivo:analisar os fatores associados à porta de entrada de sistemas de saúde de municípios brasileiros para o diagnóstico da tuberculose em pessoas idosas.Método:estudo tipo inquérito, cuja amostra foi de 91 idosos, em uma população de 706 casos de tuberculose. Coleta de dados feita por meio de instrumento baseado no Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT) adaptado para a atenção à tuberculose, com ênfase na variável porta de entrada. As variáveis foram categorizadas e comparadas entre os serviços de atenção primária à saúde (APS) e assistência especializada (AE). Utilizou-se análise bivariada e teste de associação do Qui-quadrado.Resultados:encontrou-se associação estatisticamente signifi cante (p=0,0001) entre o primeiro serviço de saúde procurado e unidade que diagnosticou a tuberculose, mostrando melhor desempenho dos serviços de atenção especializada para o diagnóstico.Conclusão:é necessário melhorar os serviços da atenção primária à saúde para combater o retardo do diagnóstico da tuberculose em pessoas idosas.
Gestão de Recursos Humanos nos Trabalhadores Temporários de Agência
Authors: Chambel Maria José
Published: August 2015

RESUMO Neste estudo avaliamos em que medida a Teoria da Troca Social podia ser utilizada para explicar as respostas dos trabalhadores temporários de agência (TTA). Aplicamos um questionário a uma amostra de 953 TTA e utilizamos Modelos de Equações Estruturais para analisar os resultados. Verificamos que o sistema de práticas de gestão de recursos humanos se relacionava positivamente com o comprometimento afetivo (β = 0,58; p < 0,01) e com o engagement (β = 0,24; p < 0,01), explicando 40% e 30% dessas variáveis, respectivamente. O cumprimento do contrato psicológico por parte da organização mediava parcialmente a relação entre este sistema e essas respostas positivas dos trabalhadores. Uma importante implicação deste estudo é que o investimento nos TTA relaciona-se com respostas positivas da sua parte.
Raiva, Stress Emocional e Hipertensão: Um Estudo Comparativo
Authors: Moxotó Glória de Fátima Araujo , Malagris Lucia Emmanoel Novaes
Published: August 2015

RESUMO O estudo teve como objetivo investigar uma possível associação entre direção de expressão de raiva e stress em pessoas com hipertensão a partir da comparação com pessoas sem esse diagnóstico. Foram avaliados 112 participantes: 56 com hipertensão e 56 normotensos, pareados por escolaridade, gênero e faixa etária. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp e o Inventário de Expressão de Raiva como Estado e Traço. Participantes com hipertensão apresentaram 9,7 vezes mais chances de estarem estressados que normotensos (OR=9,7; IC95%:4,0-23,5) e 19 vezes mais chances de expressarem raiva para dentro (OR=19; IC95%:5,3-68).
Relacionamentos Afetivo-Familiares em Mulheres com Anorexia e Bulimia
Authors: Leonidas Carolina , Santos Manoel Antônio dos
Published: August 2015

RESUMO Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a rede social de apoio de mulheres com anorexia e bulimia, com ênfase em suas relações afetivo-familiares. A amostra foi composta por 12 participantes atendidas em hospital universitário. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, Mapa de Rede e Genograma. Os resultados indicaram que as redes sociais das participantes têm configuração restrita, com proeminência de membros da família em sua composição. Os relacionamentos familiares oscilam, contudo, entre turbulência e distanciamento afetivo. As relações de afeto mantidas com pais, cônjuges e namorados são marcadas por divergências e insatisfações. A baixa densidade da rede de amizades e o empobrecimento da vida social resultam em isolamento e dificuldades de dar início e/ou manter relacionamentos afetivos duradouros.
Ensino de Leitura de Sentenças: Contribuições da Análise do Comportamento
Authors: Haydu Verônica Bender , Zuanazzi Ana Carolina , Assis Grauben José Alves de , Kato Olvia Misae
Published: August 2015

RESUMO O paradigma da equivalência de estímulos tem sido pouco usado para estudar o ensino de leitura de sentenças. Assim, o presente estudo avaliou o efeito de um procedimento de ensino e testes de relações condicionais seguidos pelo encadeamento de palavras sobre a leitura com compreensão de sentenças e a generalização de leitura. Participaram oito escolares, com 7 e 9 anos de idade. O procedimento incluiu pré e pós-teste, três fases de ensino e testes de leitura com compreensão, um teste de conectividade e um teste de construção de sentenças. A leitura de palavras e de sentenças melhorou do pré para o pós-teste em todos os casos, demonstrando que o procedimento foi efetivo para ensinar leitura com compreensão de sentenças.
Ambiguidades do momento corporativo: gênese e justificação dos direitos sociais no Brasil
Authors: Santos Ronaldo Teodoro dos
Published: August 2015

Esse artigo se ocupa do processo de inscrição da linguagem corporativa no trabalhismo brasileiro. Para tanto, problematiza o seu desenvolvimento no campo dos valores públicos e das instituições, atribuindo relevo à relação entre a saúde do trabalhador e a política de saúde pública. A partir da historicização desse fenômeno político, recupera-se o dissenso intelectual dos anos 1930, localizando na proximidade de Oliveira Vianna com paradigma social católico um momento privilegiado para sua legitimação pública. Com esse enquadramento histórico-analítico a contribuição do artigo consiste em apresentar argumentos que desestabilizam as interpretações que assumem o pragmatismo corporativo como condição inexorável do trabalhismo moderno.
Influência da ambiguidade de nomes na centralidade de redes de coautoria
Authors: BARBASTEFANO Rafael Garcia , SOUZA Cristina , COSTA Juliana Maria de Sousa , TEIXEIRA Patrícia Mattos
Published: August 2015

A ambiguidade de nomes de autores pode gerar uma série de problemas, tanto em estudos bibliométricos, quanto em Análise de Redes Sociais envolvendo esse tipo de dado. Trata-se de um problema ainda não resolvido, que vem se tornando cada vez mais complexo diante do aumento da produção científica no mundo, principalmente em países orientais, onde os nomes dos autores apresentam muitas similaridades, dificultando a correta identificação. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar como o problema da ambiguidade de nomes influencia as métricas de centralidade utilizadas em Análise de Redes Sociais, que se destinam a identificar o papel desempenhado por um ator dentro de uma rede social. Este estudo baseou-se nas relações de coautoria de cerca de quase 30 mil artigos indexados na Web of Science. Para a análise, foram construídas três redes de coautoria fazendo uso de formas distintas de registro do nome dos autores. Os resultados apontaram diferenças significativas entre as redes, considerando-se as medidas de centralidade de grau (degree), proximidade (closeness) e intermediação (betweenness). O trabalho mostra o quanto é importante uma meticulosa etapa de normalização de nomes e chama atenção para a necessidade de maior discussão da questão no ambiente da academia, em busca de alternativas de solução.
Dose-responses of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Teeth to Infrared LED Irradiation
Authors: Turrioni Ana Paula Silveira , Montoro Liege Aldrovandi , Basso Fernanda Gonçalves , Almeida Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de , Costa Carlos Alberto de Souza , Hebling Josimeri
Published: August 2015

Despite several reports regarding tissue regeneration, including pulp repair induced by different light sources, only limited data have been reported concerning the effects of light-emitting diodes (LED) on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different energy densities of infrared LED on the cell viability, number of cells and mineralized tissue production by SHEDs. SHEDs were obtained from near-exfoliation primary teeth (n=3), seeded in plain DMEM (104 cells/cm2), and irradiated by a LED prototype (LEDTable 850 nm, 40 mW/cm2) delivering 0 (control), 2, 4, 8, 15 or 30 J/cm2 (n=9). Cell viability (MTT assay), cell proliferation (trypan blue assay), and mineralized nodule (MN) formation (alizarin red stain) were assessed 12 and 72 h post-irradiation. Data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). Cells irradiated with 2 or 4 J/cm2 exhibited higher metabolism at 72 h, and all energy densities provided increase in cell proliferation after 12 h. Regarding MN formation, the best results were observed at 72 h after SHED irradiation with 8 and 15 J/cm2. It was concluded that the cell viability, cell number and MN formation by pulp cells are enhanced after exposure to infrared LED irradiation. Overall, the greatest SHED biostimulation was obtained with 4 and 8 J/cm2.
Glycerol Salicylate-based Pulp-Capping Material Containing Portland Cement
Authors: Portella Fernando Freitas , Collares Fabrício Mezzomo , Santos Paula Dapper , Sartori Cláudia , Wegner Everton , Leitune Vicente Castelo Branco , Samuel Susana Maria Werner
Published: August 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the water sorption, solubility, pH and ability to diffuse into dentin of a glycerol salicylate-based, pulp-capping cement in comparison to a conventional calcium hydroxide-based pulp capping material (Hydcal). An experimental cement was developed containing 60% glycerol salicylate resin, 10% methyl salicylate, 25% calcium hydroxide and 5% Portland cement. Water sorption and solubility were determined based on mass changes in the samples before and after the immersion in distilled water for 7 days. Material discs were stored in distilled water for 24 h, 7 days and 28 days, and a digital pHmeter was used to measure the pH of water. The cement's ability to diffuse into bovine dentin was assessed by Raman spectroscopy. The glycerol salicylate-based cement presented higher water sorption and lower solubility than Hydcal. The pH of water used to store the samples increased for both cements, reaching 12.59±0.06 and 12.54±0.05 after 7 days, for Hydcal and glycerol salicylate-based cements, respectively. Both cements were able to turn alkaline the medium at 24 h and sustain its alkalinity after 28 days. Hydcal exhibited an intense diffusion into dentin up to 40 µm deep, and the glycerol salicylate-based cement penetrated 20 µm. The experimental glycerol salicylate-based cement presents good sorption, solubility, ability to alkalize the surrounding tissues and diffusion into dentin to be used as pulp capping material.
Long-term Short Implants Performance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Essential Assessment Parameters
Authors: Gonçalves Thais Marques Simek Vega , Bortolini Sergio , Martinolli Matteo , Alfenas Bruna Fernandes Moreira , Peruzzo Daiane Cristina , Natali Alfredo , Berzaghi Andrea , Garcia Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues
Published: August 2015

Lack of standard criteria in the outcome assessment makes it difficult to draw conclusions on the clinical performance of short implants and, under these circumstances, determine the reasons for implant failure. This study evaluated, through a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis, the essential parameters required to assess the long-term clinical performance of short and extra-short implants. Electronic databases (Pubmed-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library Database, Embase, and Lilacs) were searched by two independent reviewers, without language limitation, to identify eligible papers. References from the selected articles were also reviewed. The review included clinical trials involving short dental implants placed in humans, published between January 2000 and March 2014, which described the parameters applied for outcome's measurements and provided data on survival rates. Thirteen methodologically acceptable studies were selected and 24 parameters were identified. The most frequent parameters assessed were the marginal bone loss and the cumulative implant survival rate, followed by implant failure rate and biological complications such as bleeding on probing and probing pocket depths. Only cumulative implant survival rate data allows meta-analysis revealing a positive effect size (from 0.052 (fixed) to 0.042 (random)), which means that short implant appears to be a successful treatment option. Mechanical complications and crown-to-implant (C/I) ratio measurement were also commonly described, however, considering the available evidence; no strong conclusions could be drawn since different methods were used to assess each parameter. By means of this literature review, a standard evaluation scheme is proposed, being helpful to regiment further investigations and comparisons on future studies.
Indirect Restoration Thickness and Time after Light-Activation Effects on Degree of Conversion of Resin Cement
Authors: Ayres Ana Paula Almeida , Andre Carolina Bosso , Pacheco Rafael Rocha , Carvalho Adriana Oliveira , Bacelar-Sá Renata Cantanhede , Rueggeberg Frederick Allen , Giannini Marcelo
Published: August 2015

This study evaluated the effects of indirect restorative materials, curing conditions and time on the degree of conversion (DC) of a dual-cured resin cement using infrared spectroscopy. The resin cement (RelyX Unicem 2, 3M ESPE) was applied to the diamond surface of a horizontal attenuated-total-reflectance unit and activated using one of following conditions: self-cure, direct light exposure, light exposure through indirect restorative materials (resin nano-ceramic: Lava Ultimate, 3M ESPE or feldspathic ceramic: Vita Blocks Mark II, Vita Zahnfabrik). Four thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 mm) of each indirect material were analyzed, and the light-activation was performed using a blue LED light. Data (n=5) were analyzed by three-way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc and Dunnett's tests (α=5%). No significant differences in DC were observed between indirect materials of similar thickness. All groups exhibited higher DC after 10 min than after 5 min. At both times points, the self-cure group exhibited significantly lower DC than all the light exposure groups. Only when the overlying indirect restoration had a thickness of 2 mm did DC decrease significantly. The presence of a thick, indirect restoration can decrease the DC of resin cement. DC after 10 min was higher than after 5 min. The self-cure mode yielded lower DC than the light-activating one.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Over-the-Counter Products on Tooth Whitening
Authors: Karadas Muhammet , Duymus Zeynep Yesil
Published: August 2015

This in vitro study evaluated the whitening effect of four different over-the-counter products compared with a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel. Specimens obtained from bovine incisors were stained in a tea solution and randomly divided into six groups according to the product used (n=10): CT: conventional toothpaste (negative control); CWT: Crest 3D White toothpaste; CWR: Crest 3D White mouth rinse; CWS: Crest 3D White strips; DW: Dazzling White (paint-on gel); and OP: Opalescence PF 10% CP (at-home bleaching gel, positive control). Over-the-counter products and 10% CP were used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Color measurements were performed according to the CIELab system using spectrophotometer after staining, and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment procedure. The ∆E, ∆L, ∆a, and ∆b values were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. Tukey's test for multiple comparisons was applied (p<0.05). All groups, except CWT, were effective in tooth whitening in comparison with conventional toothpaste. There was no significant difference in tooth whitening between CWT and CT (p=0.93). CWS, DW and OP groups presented significantly higher color changes than the CWR group. DW and CWS showed similar tooth whitening to OP.
"Ser sencillo, ser buena persona": clasificaciones morales y procesos de distinción en las experiencias educativas de la "clase alta" argentina
Authors: Gessaghi Victoria
Published: August 2015

Resumen Este artículo explora las narrativas morales que "la clase alta" argentina moviliza como criterios de distinción social y cómo las escuelas participan de la construcción de dichos discursos. A partir de sesenta y tres entrevistas en profundidad con miembros de "la clase alta" argentina, observaciones de su vida cotidiana y análisis de documentos, se analiza la construcción de clasificaciones morales en el espacio educativo como signo de distinción. El recorrido describe las experiencias formativas de los miembros de "la clase alta", los criterios de selección de sus escuelas y las prácticas que se llevan adelante en dichas instituciones. El artículo sostiene que, en la Argentina, no es a partir de la acumulación de capital escolar que las instituciones educativas se vuelven estratégicas en los procesos de distinción. Por el contrario, las escuelas se constituyen en una importante dimensión de la exclusión a partir de contribuir a recrear un repertorio específico de clasificaciones morales.
Sanitização de cenoura minimamente processada com nanopartículas de prata
Authors: Araújo Emiliane Andrade , Ribeiro Lorena , Bernardes Patrícia Campos , Dores Milene Therezinha das , Fialho Júnior José Felício Queiroz
Published: August 2015

A produção de cenoura em grande escala na região de Rio Paranaíba coloca essa região em posição de destaque no cenário nacional. No entanto, é relatado que ocorre significativa quantidade de sobras após a colheita. O aproveitamento do material descartado na cadeia de alimentos pode se concretizar pelo processamento mínimo, como uma alternativa de agregação de valor. A etapa de sanitização é de extrema importância durante a produção de vegetais minimamente processados. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se estudar o efeito antimicrobiano de nanopartículas de prata na sanitização de cenoura minimamente processada, obtida a partir do aproveitamento das sobras de cenouras da colheita da cidade de Rio Paranaíba, bem como o estudo da termodinâmica de adesão de diferentes estirpes bacterianas na superfície da cenoura sanitizada. Observou-se que as nanopartículas de prata (6mg L-1)apresentaram bons resultados, quando comparadas aos sanitizantes hipoclorito de sódio (100mg L-1) e dicloroisocianurato de sódio (150mg L-1), na descontaminação da cenoura minimamente processada sobre microrganismos mesófilos aeróbios; Pseudomonasspp.; bactérias láticas; e coliformes a 35ºC. Verificou-se também que a superfície da cenoura apresenta características hidrofílicas que podem dificultar a adesão bacteriana. Esse fato foi confirmado na avaliação de termodinâmica de adesão, que foi desfavorável paraStaphylococcus aureus, Escherichia colie Listeria innocua, sendo mais desfavorável para as interações envolvendo as superfícies de cenoura sanitizadas com nanopartículas de prata.
Growth, survival and bone alterations in Piaractus mesopotamicus larvae under different rearing protocols
Authors: Hernández David Roque , Agüero Carlos Hernán , Santinón Juan José , González Alfredo Oscar , Sánchez Sebastián
Published: August 2015

The pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is a neotropical freshwater fish. It is one of the most important species farmed in areas of the Parana and Paraguay Rivers basins. The effects of different rearing protocols on growth, survival and incidence of skeletal malformations in pacu larvae were analyzed. A total of six experimental treatments were considered, consisting of: a semi-intensive larviculture (LS) in ponds; intensive larviculture (LIn) in laboratory (both LS and LIn until 60 days of life); and mixed larviculture, with 20 days of semi-intensive larviculture into cages in ponds after 14 (L1), 21 (L2), 33 (L3) or 40 (L4) days of laboratory larviculture. At the end of the experimental period, LSlarvae showed higher growth rate, with average weight values (2.28g) and total length (TL-48.20mm) statistically higher than the rest (P<0.05). L1 to L4 treatments showed intermediate growth values, without differences between them (P>0.05), while LIn presented the lowest growth (P<0.05). Survival was around 75% in all experimental groups, except LS, that presented a significantly lower value (17.5%, P<0.05). Skeletal abnormalities were detected in all experimental treatments, but LIn and L1 presented the lowest incidence. In no case, visible morphological alterations were found. This study shows that prolonging pacu rearing under laboratory conditions at high densities improves temporal availability and survival of juvenile without affecting growth or subsequent osteological development of fish.
Expurgo de grãos de trigo em câmara de lona
Authors: Finck Celso , Santana Kamila , Oliveira Edilson Batista de , Weirich Neto Pedro Henrique , Garcia Luiz Cláudio
Published: August 2015

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o menor período de fumigação necessário para promover a mortalidade total de insetos adultos do gênero Sitophilus, em grãos de trigo submetidos à fumigação em câmara de lonas. O experimento foi implantado em uma unidade armazenadora de grãos, em Ponta Grossa - PR. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, contendo seis tratamentos e dez repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de diferentes períodos de exposição dos grãos de trigo à fumigação: 0; 12; 36; 60; 84 e 108h, dispostos em caçambas de caminhão envoltas em lonas (formando a câmara de lonas). Empregou-se o produto comercial Fertox(r) na forma de pastilhas, atendendo à dosagem de 6g m-3em câmaras de 35m³ cada. As repetições foram representadas por recipientes telados contendo 10 insetos adultos vivos do gêneroSitophilus, inseridos na massa de grãos da caçamba em diversos pontos e profundidades. A equação de regressão ajustada para descrever o comportamento da mortalidade de insetos (M) em função do período de fumigação (T) foi M=6,6867+93,4694(1-e0,1645T)26,9607. A equação demonstra que 58,9h após a aplicação do fumegante a mortalidade dos insetos foi de 100%.