bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of severe bleeding and deep inferior epigastric pseudoaneurysm after peritoneal dialysis catheter removal
Authors: Matthews Nicola , Glavinovic Tamara , David Elizabeth , Auguste Bourne
Published: March 2022

We present an unusual but severe complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter removal resulting in significant haemorrhage and hospitalisation. A patient presented for PD catheter removal under local anaesthesia in the interventional radiology suite and was noted to have a heavily calcified deep Dacron cuff. This cuff was intimately associated with a deep inferior epigastric perforating (DIEP) vessel. Removal of the catheter resulted in shearing of DIEP vessel and pseudoaneurysm formation. Despite attempted surgical management with ligation haemorrhage continued, requiring urgent angiographic embolisation to stop the bleeding. Intimate relationship between DIEP vessel and Dacron cuff due to calcification was the cause of this complication. This case report represents a rare but important complication associated with PD catheter removal, highlighting that when calcification is seen at the deep cuff, caution should be exercised and there should be access to angiography suite in case of complication.
Dynamic Modeling of Tie-bolt Rotors via Fractal Contact Theory and Virtual Material Method
Authors: Du Bing , Qin Zhaoye , Lu Qiuhai , Wang Bo , Li Chen
Published: March 2022

Tie-bolt rotors, comprised of multiple stages of discs fastened by tie bolts, are commonly used in heavy-duty gas turbines. The contact interfaces between adjacent discs have considerable influence on the dynamic characteristics of tie-bolt rotors. Although many studies on the modeling of tie-bolt rotors have been reported, it is still a challenge to develop a relatively simple, efficient, and accurate model for such a kind of complex rotors. In this article, a new virtual material modeling method is proposed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of tie-bolt rotors. The elastic modulus and Poisson ratio of the virtual material are determined from the interface contact stiffness, which is derived based on the three-dimensional fractal contact theory. To verify the modeling approach proposed here, modal tests are conducted on a tie-bolt rotor specimen, of which the measured natural frequencies are compared with the simulation results. Finally, by using the verified modeling approach, the dynamic behaviors of tie-bolt rotors are investigated comprehensively, where the effects of fractal dimension parameters and preload level on rotor dynamics are evaluated.
Numerical investigation of the influence of aerothermoelastic dynamic response on the performance of the three-dimensional hypersonic inlet
Authors: Ye Kun , Feng Zhenghao , Liu Xiran , Ye Zhengyin
Published: March 2022

The influence of aerothermoelastic dynamic response on the performance of the three-dimensional hypersonic inlet is investigated in this paper. A dynamic aerothermoelastic analysis framework is developed. The reliability of the framework is verified. The effects of aerodynamic heating on the dynamic response, the effects of the aerothermoelastic dynamic response of the inlet on the flow field structure, and the performance parameters are studied. The results indicate that the static deformation of the leading edge structure is large while the vibration amplitude is small. Meanwhile, the vibration amplitude of the trailing edge structure is larger. The aerothermoelastic dynamic response changes the shock wave structure near the exit, strengthens the shock wave intensity, increases the length of the separated region, and changes the flow field of the exit. Simultaneously, the flow field structure also experiences obvious dynamic changes at different moments. The dynamic response increases the time-averaged flow coefficient, reduces the time-averaged total pressure recovery coefficient, and improves the time-averaged reverse pressure ratio. At the same time, the dynamic response leads to the fluctuation of performance parameters, especially the large fluctuation range of the reverse pressure ratio at the exit.
A new filtering strategy for target tracking application using the second form of Smooth Variable Structure Filter
Authors: Demim Fethi , Rouigueb Abdenebi , Nemra Abdelkrim , Bouguessa Rekia , Chahmi Abdelghani
Published: March 2022

Target tracking process consists of tracking and measuring a quantity over time, which is a difficult estimation problem. The latter gives erroneous measurements that are affected by the unknown number of targets to be tracked, as well as, measurements that are corrupted by noise. Thus, overcoming the target tracking problem includes basically solving the filtering problem which leads to a data association problem. Tracking problems that force lightly nonlinear models are solved appropriately with the Extended Kalman Filter. Although, problems that use nonlinear models, applying analytical expressions of the Jacobian of dynamic systems, or measurement vector functions are potentially solved by the Unscented Kalman Filter. The first technique is well built, but not precise, while the second technique yields very accurate results, but in terms of complexity, it is not suitable for real-time applications. Another filter called Particle Filter used a Monte Carlo method based on probability distribution over the state is proposed. Subsequently, we used a Gaussian Mixture Model which is based on the Expectation Maximization algorithm for fitting mixture-of-Gaussian models is considered to guarantee the estimation of optimal parameters set for each target. In order to achieve better trade between optimality and robustness of the tracking effect, the Smooth Variable Structure Filter is proposed as an alternative. This latter filter does not make any assumptions about noise characteristics and provides accurate estimation results. Furthermore, in this article, we propose a new target tracking algorithm based on the second form of Smooth Variable Structure Filter, which is implemented in a simulation using different scenarios. Experimental scenarios, under realistic conditions, are presented and the obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the Smooth Variable Structure Filter approach compared to other filters.
Backstepping control for a class of underactuated nonlinear mechanical systems with a novel coordinate transformation in the discrete-time setting
Authors: Adıgüzel Fatih , Yalçın Yaprak
Published: March 2022

In this technical note, a combined discrete-time controller, consisting of a partial feedback linearization controller and a backstepping controller, is proposed to manage the stabilization for a class of underactuated nonlinear mechanical systems. The traditional backstepping control method is impracticable to directly apply it to underactuated systems since they are generally not in the lower triangular form. First, a feedback controller that partially linearizes the underactuated mechanical systems is derived to facilitate the backstepping controller design. In the design, discrete-time system dynamics obtained utilizing the Euler approximation are considered. Afterward, a novel coordinate transformation is introduced for a class of underactuated systems that transform the mathematical model of the partially linearized underactuated mechanical systems into the strict-feedback form. After these steps, the conventional backstepping approach is structured in discrete-time setting. The stability of the closed-loop system dynamics with the proposed combined discrete-time controller is shown utilizing Lyapunov theory. Several computer-based simulations are executed to depict the performance and the applicability of the proposed method on the Cart–Pole system and the Inertia Wheel Pendulum. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear controller is verified by numerical simulation results in comparison with a discrete-time chattering-free sliding-mode controller.
The Baltic grey seal: A 9000-year history of presence and absence
Authors: Ahlgren Hans , Bro-Jørgensen Maiken Hemme , Glykou Aikaterini , Schmölcke Ulrich , Angerbjörn Anders , Olsen Morten Tange , Lidén Kerstin
Published: March 2022

The grey seal ( Halichoerus grypus) has been part of the Baltic Sea fauna for more than 9000 years and has ever since been subjected to extensive human hunting, particularly during the early phases of its presence in the Baltic Sea, but also in the early 20th century. In order to study their temporal genetic structure and to investigate whether there has been a genetically continuous grey seal population in the Baltic, we generated mitochondrial control region data from skeletal remains from ancient grey seals from the archaeological sites Stora Förvar (Sweden) and Neustadt (Germany) and compared these with modern grey seal data. We found that the majority of the Mesolithic grey seals represent haplotypes that is not found in contemporary grey seals, indicating that the Baltic Sea population went extinct, likely due to human overexploitation and environmental change. We hypothesize that grey seals recolonised the Baltic Sea from the North Sea. during the Bronze Age or Iron Age, and that the contemporary Baltic grey seal population is direct descendants of this recolonisation. Our study highlights the power of biomolecular archaeology to understand the factors that shape contemporary marine diversity.
Hypoxic preconditioning neural stem cell transplantation promotes spinal cord injury in rats by affecting transmembrane immunoglobulin domain-containing
Authors: Fan Xiaoguang , Wei Hongchun , Du Juan , Lu Xiuguo , Wang Leisheng
Published: March 2022

Objective

To explore the effects of hypoxic preconditioning neural stem cell (P-NSC) transplantation on rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods

After identification, the NSCs were treated with hypoxic preconditioning. The NSCs migration was detected by Transwell method. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of HIF-1α, CXCR4 in NSC. The secretion of representative neurotrophic factors (VEGF, HGF, and BDNF) was checked by Western blot. Forty-six SCI rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: SCI group (PBS injection, n = 10); N-NSC group (NSC atmospheric normoxic pretreatment injection, n = 18); and P-NSC group (NSC ’s hypoxic preconditioning injection, n = 18). The sham operation group was also included (rats underwent laminectomy but not SCI, n = 10). The recovery of hindlimb motor function was evaluated by BBB score. The level of spinal cord inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) was determined by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the content of TMIGD1 and TMIGD3 in spinal cord.

Results

Compared with the N-NSC group, the number of NSC-passing membranes in the P-NSC group increased with the increase of the culture time ( p < 0.05). Compared with N-NSC, P-NSC had higher levels of VEGF, HGF, and BDNF after 1 week of culture ( p < 0.05). The BBB score of the P-NSC group was significantly higher than that of the N-NSC group at 7 and 28 days ( p < 0.05). Compared with the SCI group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly reduced after NSC treatment, and the P-NSC group was lower than the N-NSC group ( p < 0.05). Compared with the SCI group, the levels of TMIGD1 and TMIGD3 increased. Compared with the N-NSC group, and the levels of TMIGD1 and TMIGD3 increased in the P-NSC group ( p < 0.05).

Conclusion

P-NSC administration could improve SCI injury, and the levels of TMIGD1 and TMIGD3.
Systemic lupus erythematosus/ANCA-associated vasculitis overlap: An explanation for atypical lupus manifestation
Authors: Botero B Juan D , Bernal-Macías Santiago , Celis P Carlos A , Lasso A Javier I , Rodríguez Jorge , Arias Álvarez Liliana , Gonzalez Catalina , Contreras Kateir M , Fernández-Ávila Daniel G
Published: March 2022

The coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) as an overlapping syndrome is not common. Here, we report a case of a 33-year-old woman, with recent SLE diagnosis due to skin, kidney, articular, and immunologic compromise, in whom a chest CT scan showed bilateral nodules, consolidations, and tree-in-bud pattern; thoracoscopic lung biopsy revealed diffuse non-caseating granulomas, without other features of sarcoid, organizing pneumonia, or hypersensitivity pneumonitis with high positive p-ANCA titers. Overlap between SLE and AAV was a possible explanation for lupus granulomatous pneumonitis, and for this reason, a multidisciplinary meeting was held to evaluate complex patients with interstitial lung diseases patients.
17β-Estradiol Concentration and Direct β2-Adrenoceptor Inhibition Determine Estrogen-Mediated Reversal of Adrenergic Immunosuppression
Authors: Priyanka Hannah P. , Thiyagaraj A. , Krithika G. , Nair R. S. , Hopper W. , ThyagaRajan S.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Sympathetic innervation of lymphoid organs, and the presence of 17β-estradiol (estrogen or E2) and adrenergic receptors (ARs) on lymphocytes, suggests that sympathetic stimulation and hormonal activation may influence immune functions.

Purpose:

Modeling and simulating these pathways may help to understand the dynamics of neuroendocrine-immune modulation at the cellular and molecular levels.

Methods:

Dose- and receptor-dependent effects of E2 and AR subtype-specific agonists were established in vitro on lymphocytes from young male Sprague-Dawley rats and were modeled in silico using the MATLAB Simbiology toolbox. Kinetic principles were assigned to define receptor–ligand dynamics, and concentration/time plots were obtained using Ode15s solvers at different time intervals for key regulatory molecules. Comparisons were drawn between in silico and in vitro data for validating the constructed model with sensitivity analysis of key regulatory molecules to assess their individual impacts on the dynamics of the system. Finally, docking studies were conducted with key ligands E2 and norepinephrine (NE) to understand the mechanistic principles underlying their interactions.

Results:

Adrenergic activation triggered proapoptotic signals, while E2 enhanced survival signals, showing opposing effects as observed in vitro. Treatment of lymphocytes with E2 shows a 10-fold increase in survival signals in a dose-dependent manner. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) activation is crucial for the activation of survival signals through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and cAMP responsive element binding (p-CREB) protein. Docking studies showed the direct inhibition of ERK by NE and β2-AR by E2 explaining how estrogen signaling overrides NE-mediated immunosuppression in vitro.

Conclusion:

The cross-talk between E2 and adrenergic signaling pathways determines lymphocyte functions in a receptor subtype and coactivation-dependent manner in health and disease.
Trévo abrogates Lead Acetate Neurotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats viz Antiamyloidogenesis, Antiglutaminergic, and Anticholinesterase Activities
Authors: Ilesanmi Omotayo B. , Odewale Temitope Temiloluwa , Avwioroko Oghenetega J. , Ahmed Eman Ibrahim , Alaneme Chinenyenwa , Atanu Francis O. , Chikere Bruno , James Millicent , Chinagor Innocent , Albezrah Nisreen Khalid Aref , Youssef Amal , Binang Toyin , Batiha Gaber El-Saber
Published: March 2022

Background:

Exposure to lead has been linked to biochemical changes similar to those patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. Trévo is a phytonutrient-rich product with antiaging and antioxidant properties.

Purpose:

To investigate the neuroprotective activity of trévo against lead-induced biochemical changes in male Wistar rats.

Methods:

The study involves 35 animals that were randomly divided into five groups of seven rats each. Group I (Control): Orally administered distilled water; Group II (Induced): Administered 15 mg/kg of lead acetate (PbA) intraperitoneally; Group III (Treatment group): Orally administered 2 mL/kg of trévo for two days before co-administration with PbA for 12 consecutive days; Group IV (Treatment group): Orally administered 5 mL/kg of trévo for two days prior to coadministration with PbA for 12 consecutive days; Group V: Orally administered 5 mL/kg of trévo for 14 consecutive days. Animals were anesthetized with diether and the brain excised and processed for the following biochemical assays: Malonedialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GT), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), beta-amyloid, glutamate, Na+/K+ ATPase, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GD).

Results:

PbA caused significant oxidative stress (increased MDA concentration, decreased GSH concentration, suppressed the activity of CAT, SOD), decreased GT activity, increased activity of AChE, increased the concentration of beta-amyloid, and caused glutamate excitotoxicity (increased concentration of glutamate, decreased activity of Na+/K+ ATPase, and GD) in rat brains. Treatment with trévo at the two different doses significantly prevented oxidative damage, beta-amyloid aggregation, glutamate excitotoxicity, and acetylcholine breakdown induced by lead acetate.

Conclusion:

Our findings added to the reported pharmacological activity of trévo and supported the antiaging potential of trévo.
Intergenerational Talking Circles Exploring Psychosocial Stressors for Preterm Birth and Strategies for Resilience among American Indian Women
Authors: Abbott Karla M. , Boyens Beth M. S. , Gubbels Jennifer A. A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

This study used phenomenological qualitative research design to understand the primary psychosocial stressors American Indian (AI) women face during pregnancy—factors that may be overlooked as contributing to the community’s heightened preterm birth rate—and to identify mechanisms of resilience.

Method:

Using Lakota talking circles (TCs) as the data collection method, researchers collected young mothers’ and tribal elders’ narratives about pregnancy and parenting. Themes were derived and verified from the transcripts.

Results:

During the TCs, the women identified transgenerational/historical trauma and instability in housing, childcare, and relationships as major contributors to pregnancy and parenting stress.

Discussion:

Having overcome obstacles while bearing and raising children, AI women exhibit resilience. Participants indicated that the TCs provided support and a cultural connection, thus serving as both a data collection method and an intervention. Future work will involve using TCs to support young mothers, transmit elder wisdom, and increase resilience among AI women.
Dr. Ginger Blalock: Finding My Educational Path—I Was Never Bored Again
Authors: Higgins Kyle , Boone Randall
Published: March 2022

Dr. Ginger Blalock has been an elementary and secondary special educator, a community college career counselor and instructor, and a professor of special education. Her teaching areas included learning disabilities, instructional methods in special education, career development/transition education, paraprofessional preparation, trends/issues in special education for doctoral students, and strategies to support inclusive education. Her research primarily focused on preparing diverse youth with support needs for adulthood. Publications included chapters on strategies for collaboration, Transition and Students with Learning Disabilities, (lead co-author) Using Community Transition Teams to Improve Transition Services (lead co-author), and the transition module series published by PRO-ED, Inc. She retired after 21 years at the University of New Mexico as professor emerita, where she held numerous roles, including division director of educational specialties, program coordinator (chair) of special education, and coordinator of the Special Education Emphasis in Learning/Behavioral Exceptionalities.
Perceptions About Verbal Aggression: Survey of Secondary Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Poling Daniel V. , Smith Stephen W.
Published: March 2022

Researchers have found that verbal aggression (VA) is the most frequent form of aggression reported in U.S. schools across all grade levels. There are numerous harmful outcomes for VA perpetrators, victims, and witnesses including depression, anxiety, decreased academic performance, and low sense of school belonging. Moreover, VA is known to occasion physically aggressive responses, making VA especially problematic for students who exhibit chronic maladaptive behavior profiles. In this study, therefore, we surveyed 144 middle and high school students identified with an emotional and behavioral disorder to understand their involvement with VA, response to victimization, and what VA messages lead to physical aggression. We also investigated the locations of VA incidents, student perceptions about teacher-delivered consequences for VA, and witness behavior. We discuss the implications for practice, including explicit skill instruction for students and incorporating content about VA into preservice teacher coursework covering prevention and intervention strategies. Finally, we provide suggestions for future research such as conducting observations across a variety of school settings and in different regions of the country, and collecting qualitative data to enrich quantitative findings.
A Bioecological Perspective of Emotional/Behavioral Challenges for Gifted Students of Color: Support Needed Versus Support Received
Authors: Collins Kristina Henry , Coleman Mary Ruth , Grantham Tarek C.
Published: March 2022

In this article, we highlight Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological approach to explore identity formation and the impact of dynamic interactions between the student and their environment in the development of self-concept, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. We examine the complex interactions between student identity and the systems of support that are meant to help students achieve academic success; looking specifically at how the intersections between race, ethnicity, learning exceptionalities, and socioeconomic standing affect students who are identified as gifted and as emotionally/behaviorally challenged. Our call to rethink the services offered to students in special and gifted education leads to a proposed culturally responsive and enhanced multi-tiered system of supports (CR-MTSS). We believe the CR-MTSS approach can better address the strength of students with or a risk for developing emotional and behavioral challenges, supporting each student’s success.
Fuzzy model-based disturbance rejection control for atomic force microscopy with input constraint
Authors: Mahmoudabadi Parvin , Tavakoli-Kakhki Mahsan , HosseinNia S. Hassan
Published: March 2022

Accurate representation of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) system is not only necessary to achieve control objectives, but it is also beneficial for detecting the nanomechanical properties of the samples. To this end, this paper addresses the issue of controller design for the AFM system based on an accurate nonaffine nonlinear distributed-parameters model in which flexibility and distributed mass effects of the microcantilever beam are considered properly. First, a T-S fuzzy model is derived for this dynamical model of the AFM system in order to simplify the procedure of controller design. Then, a fuzzy model-based controller is designed to suppress the chaos and attenuate the disturbance in the AFM system through the linear matrix inequality (LMI) formulation. Moreover, by considering some criteria for disturbance rejection and transient performance, and some constraints on control input and states, new stabilization conditions are proposed based on a fuzzy Lyapunov function. Finally, simulation results are represented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Seismic response of high-rise buildings using long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control system
Authors: Li Zhao , Tu Jianwei , Zhang Jiarui
Published: March 2022

Due to the difficulty in adopting the conventional centralized control method for seismic response control of high-rise buildings with complex structures and large sizes, the decentralized control method is applied. The challenge is that the control model of the high-rise structure divided into multiple subsystems changes as large nonlinear deformation under strong earthquakes. Therefore, with an application of the long short-term memory neural network, the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method is proposed for seismic response control of high-rise buildings. On the basis of the decentralized control theory for high-rise buildings, a long short-term memory network deep-learning framework is established to construct different types of decentralized controllers, and to determine the sufficient conditions for the stability of the decentralized controllers using the Lyapunov stability theory. The long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control system of a 20-story benchmark building mode is simulated, and its fault tolerance is studied. The simulation results show that the decentralized control method can reduce the complexity of the structure model by dividing the high-rise building structure into multiple subsystems. Compared with the centralized control method, the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method can effectively avoid the overall failure of the control system. The long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control method can still have a satisfactory performance under sensor noise and control devices failures. This verifies that the long short-term memory intelligent decentralized control system has a better fault tolerance and can provide an innovative solution for the decentralized control of high-rise buildings.
Leveraging Administrative Data to Better Understand and Address Child Maltreatment: A Scoping Review of Data Linkage Studies
Authors: Soneson Emma , Das Shruti , Burn Anne-Marie , van Melle Marije , Anderson Joanna K. , Fazel Mina , Fonagy Peter , Ford Tamsin , Gilbert Ruth , Harron Katie , Howarth Emma , Humphrey Ayla , Jones Peter B. , Moore Anna
Published: March 2022

Background

This scoping review aimed to overview studies that used administrative data linkage in the context of child maltreatment to improve our understanding of the value that data linkage may confer for policy, practice, and research.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and ERIC electronic databases in June 2019 and May 2020 for studies that linked two or more datasets (at least one of which was administrative in nature) to study child maltreatment. We report findings with numerical and narrative summary.

Results

We included 121 studies, mainly from the United States or Australia and published in the past decade. Data came primarily from social services and health sectors, and linkage processes and data quality were often not described in sufficient detail to align with current reporting guidelines. Most studies were descriptive in nature and research questions addressed fell under eight themes: descriptive epidemiology, risk factors, outcomes, intergenerational transmission, predictive modelling, intervention/service evaluation, multi-sector involvement, and methodological considerations/advancements.

Conclusions

Included studies demonstrated the wide variety of ways in which data linkage can contribute to the public health response to child maltreatment. However, how research using linked data can be translated into effective service development and monitoring, or targeting of interventions, is underexplored in terms of privacy protection, ethics and governance, data quality, and evidence of effectiveness.
Development, implementation, and assessment of a continuum model of anisotropic behavior of polycrystalline materials due to texture using a second-order structure tensor
Authors: Templin Brandon C , Adedoyin Adetokunbo A , Enakoutsa Koffi , Bammann Douglas J
Published: March 2022

An Evolving Micro-structural Model of Inelasticicty is modified to capture evolving anisotropy resulting from underlying texture. Anisotropy is modeled via a second-order orientation tensor resulting from the truncation to second order of an orientation distribution function and the temporal evolution of the tensor arises naturally from the closure properties associated with the truncation. A scalar variable defined by the Euclidean norm of the current state of the structure tensor and the direction of the rate of continuing plastic deformation is incorporated in the flow rule. The model predictions is compared with yield surface data after various preloads for Aluminum 1100-O, differences in compression versus torsion for 304L SS, and large directional changes in load path for AL 1100-O. Additional assessments of the model which compared the predictions of the model with and without textural effects are provided.
Laplace domain BEM for anisotropic transient elastodynamics
Authors: Markov Ivan , Igumnov Leonid , Belov Aleksandr , Eremeyev Victor
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we describe Laplace domain boundary element method (BEM) for transient dynamic problems of three-dimensional finite homogeneous anisotropic linearly elastic solids. The employed boundary integral equations for displacements are regularized using the static traction fundamental solution. Modified integral expressions for the dynamic parts of anisotropic fundamental solutions and their first derivatives are obtained. Boundary elements with mixed approximation of geometry and field variables with the standard nodal collocation procedure are used for spatial discretization. In order to obtain time-domain solutions, the classic Durbin’s method is applied for numerical inversion of Laplace transform. Problem of alleviating Gibbs oscillations is addressed. Dynamic boundary element analysis of the model problem involving trigonal material is performed to test presented formulation. Obtained results are compared with finite element solutions.
ADHD Symptoms and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study With Abnormal Eating Behaviors as Moderating Factors
Authors: Zhang Shuowei , Huang Ying , Zaid Maryam , Tong Lian
Published: March 2022

Background:

Emerging studies have explored the possibility of ADHD and associated abnormal eating behaviors as catalysts for obesity in children and adolescents. However, results were largely inconsistent. This study aims to explore the effects of ADHD and abnormal eating behaviors (including eating disorders, emotional eating, and bedtime eating) on obesity, and to assess the moderating role of abnormal eating behaviors between ADHD symptoms and BMI in Chinese children and adolescents.

Methods:

We recruited 546 grade 3 to 11 students and their parents by stratified random sampling from three primary schools and four middle schools in Shanghai, China. This study used parent-reported versions of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV to assess ADHD symptoms, the Eating Attitudes Test and the Children’s Eating Attitude Test to assess eating disorder (ED) symptoms, and the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire to collect information about other abnormal eating behaviors at baseline and at a follow-up survey 1 year later.

Results:

Hierarchical linear regression analysis revealed that ED played a moderating role in the relationship between ADHD symptoms and BMI in addition to age ( β = .003, p = .008). The simple slope test showed that ADHD symptoms positively correlated with BMI ofs in the older age group with a high level of ED symptoms ( β = .16, p < .001). Moreover, the baseline ED symptoms ( β = .03, p = .032) and ADHD symptoms ( β = .12, p = .015) increased the students’ BMI one year later after controlling for confounding factors.

Conclusion:

Findings of this study suggest that ADHD and ED symptoms raised the students’ BMI separately. Moreover, ADHD and ED symptoms raised the students’ BMI separately. Moreover, a combined high level of ADHD and ED symptoms is correlated with students’ high BMI in the older age group.
Enlightening new underpinnings in hydration retinal folds
Authors: Barbosa Gabriel Castilho , Gomes da Silva Allan , Rocha de Sousa Jefferson , Machado Cleide Guimarães , Gomes André Vieira
Published: March 2022

Purpose

To describe and value a peculiar alteration typically found in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment raising news foundations of its role in the photoreceptors and visual prognosis.

Design

Case description and rationale formulation.

Subjects

An isolated case.

Intervention

We report a case of a 52-year-old male patient complaining of sudden visual acuity (VA) loss in the left eye. Fundoscopic findings revealed rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, macula off, and an isolated horseshoe tear in the infero-temporal periphery. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) evinced prominent hydration retinal folds.

Main outcome measures

Restructuring of the retinal layers, visual acuity and complaints.

Results

The patient underwent scleral buckling surgery with complete re-attachment of the retina and significant improvement of the hydration retinal folds. In addition, there was resolution of visual symptoms, with a final VA of 20/30.

Conclusions

We speculate that the increase in arc length of the outer retina generates a centripetal force towards the fovea. Its association with the higher density of photoreceptors in this region, generates resistance in the water inflow, preventing swelling and cellular damage of the central photoreceptors.
Coworking spaces and collaborative practices
Authors: Yacoub Ghassan , Haefliger Stefan
Published: March 2022

Collaborative practices underlie the creation of innovation yet how and when these practices emerge is not well understood, particularly given the presence of flexible and open workspaces. Based on seven case studies of entrepreneurial Tech/FinTech firms in London, we explore how collaborative spaces lead to collaborative practices, when they do. Our findings suggest the enabling and inhibiting role of interstitial spaces (e.g. informality and spatiality) and identify catalysts in the emergence of collaborative practices in a coworking space. A theoretical and critical contextualisation advances our understanding of how collaborative practices emerge and articulates the conditionality of openness in the form of underlying mechanisms for collaboration and, subsequently (open) innovation outcomes. We discuss implications for future research and management of coworking spaces.
Effects of teacher intervention and type of peer feedback on student writing revision
Authors: Sun Haiyang , Wang Mingchao
Published: March 2022

Peer feedback has been widely used in English as a foreign language (EFL) writing classes, but its effect is highly variable and its quality and validity are often questioned by students as well as teachers. This research aims to explore the effects of teacher intervention on student use of different types of peer feedback and on their self-revision of writing texts. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with two experimental groups receiving either the teacher’s direct correction for erroneous peer feedback or indication of inaccurate peer feedback with symbols and a control group receiving no teacher intervention on peer feedback. One hundred and ten non-English major graduate students in three parallel writing classes participated in the study. The study lasted for one and a half months, during which the participants completed two essays, conducted peer feedback, and revised their essay drafts based on the peer feedback received. The adoption rates and accurate revision rates of different types of peer feedback as well as self-correction rates for the three groups were compared and analysed. It was found that the two groups with teacher intervention made significantly more accurate revisions in the subsequent revised essays higher than the control group. Additionally, the adoption rate and accurate revision rate of direct correction were significantly higher than the other two types of feedback. These results have implications for incorporating peer feedback in EFL writing class and for future peer feedback research.
Explaining public opinion on the enforcement of the Stability and Growth Pact during the European sovereign debt crisis
Authors: Fjelstul Joshua C
Published: March 2022

The EU reformed the regulatory rules of the Eurozone in response to the European sovereign debt crisis, empowering the EU to more effectively enforce the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP), which is designed to prevent debt crises. Given recent empirical evidence that the EU’s willingness to enforce EU law depends on public opinion, under what conditions will EU residents view SGP enforcement as an effective way of tackling the crisis? I theorize how individuals will evaluate SGP enforcement and test my theory’s predictions using cross-national survey data from all Eurozone member states and Bayesian multi-level models. I find that respondents’ preferences over SGP enforcement depend on the interaction of their political support for the European Economic and Monetary Union and their member state’s noncompliance with the SGP criteria. Public buy-in for SGP enforcement is lower precisely when enforcement is most important.
Integrating visual sensing and structural identification using 3D-digital image correlation and topology optimization to detect and reconstruct the 3D geometry of structural damage
Authors: Dizaji Mehrdad S , Harris Devin K , Alipour Mohamad
Published: March 2022

This paper describes a novel technique for detecting internal or unseen damage in structural steel members by combining measurements from full-field three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) with a topology optimization framework. Unlike the majority of conventional methods that rely on specialized forms of surface-penetrating waves or radiation imaging, this work employs optical cameras to measure surface strains and deformations using the 3D-DIC technique followed by an optimization approach to detect the existing damage. This data-rich representation of the structural component’s behavior is then used to reconstruct the underlying subsurface abnormalities via an inverse mechanical problem. The inverse problem is solved using a topology optimization formulation that iteratively adjusts a fine-tuned finite element model (FEM) of the structure to reveal irregularities within it. Having recently demonstrated the feasibility of detecting and reconstructing defects in small-scale structural components, this paper expands on the authors' previous work to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method through an experimental program in which a set of large-scale structural steel beams with and without buried defects tested using a full-field 3D DIC sensing approach. The structure’s initial FEM is first created to discretize the member into elements whose constitutive properties are treated as unknowns in the optimization problem. The goal of the optimization is to minimize the discrepancies between the observed full-field response measured experimentally using DIC and that computed numerically using the model. To that end, an objective function is first computed as the sum of residuals by mapping both responses onto a common grid, which is then pushed to a minimum via the method of moving asymptotes (MMA) as the optimization algorithm. This study demonstrates that the proposed approach can identify unseen damage with an average accuracy (ACC) score of 96.80% on the defined configurations, with relatively minimal false identifications.
The Myth of Academics’ Non-interference in Legislatures
Authors: Zelizer Adam
Published: March 2022

This essay discusses the history and ethics of academics’ intervention in the legislative process. Academics, and even our professional associations, have explicitly worked to change legislative operations through advocacy and consulting. I argue that subjecting such interventions to the research process to evaluate their effects makes them more ethical and transparent. Research is monitored and guided by professional associations, institutional review boards, and journals in ways that advocacy and consulting are not. If academics are already intervening in legislative processes, such efforts will be more fruitful if conducted as part of a research program. This program, which I call “evidence-based legislating,” aims to improve the evaluation of legislative processes just as the movement for evidence-based policymaking reshaped academics’ and lawmakers’ approach to policy evaluation.
Beauty From the Waist Up: Twitch Drag, Digital Labor, and Queer Mediated Liveness
Authors: Persaud Christopher J. , Perks Matthew E.
Published: March 2022

Game live streaming scholarship has explored how the medium offers diverse forms of self-presentation, increasingly commercialized avenues of promotion, and vivid examples of participatory cultural production. This article focuses on the vibrant Twitch.tv subculture of drag artist game live streamers (or drag streamers) who engage in digital labor and performance, offer a distinct case of queer internet microcelebrity, and highlight tensions concerning the representation of queer identities in the social media age. As more queer people begin developing branded social media selves in spaces of real-time performance, such as the increasing number of drag streamers on Twitch, we contend that their performance of queerness becomes tied up in both potential avenues for monetization and the expectations of their followers. We conclude by developing the concept of “queer mediated liveness” to describe the labor, esthetics, and live content creation of queer streamers.
“Love You, Bro”: Performing Homosocial Intimacies on Twitch
Authors: Welch Tom
Published: March 2022

This article will consider the affective labor of male professional game streamers on Twitch in their role as performers and as community managers for their audiences. It asks what changes when we frame the discussion of male streaming labor around affect, and what is gained from thinking about streaming labor as a product and producer of norms and desires. Though a growing number of scholars have considered the roles of labor generally and affective labor in particular on Twitch, less attention has been spent on the particular role of masculinity in a space where the majority of streamers and viewers are male. This paper argues that male Twitch streamers ought to be understood as performing an inherently intimate and affective relational labor that produces and is produced by homosocial desire and the reification of geek masculinity, in addition to the affective labor of performance.
miR-498 Targets UBE2T to Inhibit the Proliferation of Malignant Melanoma Cells
Authors: Cao Wen , Ni Li , Li Pin , Wang Qi-Xia , Li Ming-Ming , Huang Shu-Hong , Dang Ning-Ning
Published: March 2022

Background: Malignant melanoma is a common malignant tumor and one of the tumors with the fastest growing incidence. The effect of microRNAs on the biological processing of malignant melanoma cells also have been reported. This study explores the ability of miR-498 to regulate the progression of malignant melanoma cells. Methods: The expression of miR-498 was detected by RT-qPCR. The proliferation, invasion, and migration of malignant melanoma cells were measured by cell counting kit-8, clone formation, and transwell assays. Flow cytometry assay detected the percentage of apoptotic cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of markers related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition. The correction of miR-498 and UBE2T was explored by dual-luciferase assay and Western blot. Results: Overexpression of miR-498 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and induced cell apoptosis of M14 and A375 cells. In addition, the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition-related factors was altered by the overexpression of miR-498. miR-498 can directly target UBE2T 3'-UTR and inhibit UBE2T protein expression. The overexpression of UBE2T reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-498 on the progression of malignant melanoma cells. Furthermore, UBE2T mRNA was significantly highly expressed in malignant melanoma tissues. The high expression of UBE2T was associated with the poor overall survival rate of malignant melanoma patients. Conclusions: Altogether, our findings demonstrated that miR-498 significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration, and induced apoptosis of malignant melanoma cells and confirmed that miR-498 regulated malignant melanoma cell progression by targeting UBE2T.
The Role of DBR1 as a Candidate Prognosis Biomarker in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xu Xiaoqin , Yang Xin , Liu Xue , Bi Yanghui , Kong Pengzhou , Wang Yanqiang , Cheng Xiaolong , Xi Yanfeng
Published: March 2022

Aims: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies with unfavorable clinical outcomes and limited therapeutic methods. As a key enzyme in RNA metabolism, debranching RNA Lariats 1 (DBR1) is involved in intron turnover and biogenesis of noncoding RNA. Although cancer cells often show disorder of nucleic acid metabolism, it is unclear whether DBR1 has any effect on the carcinogenesis and progression of ESCC. Methods: Here we detected DBR1 expression in 112 ESCC samples by immunohistochemistry and analyzed its correlation with clinical parameters and survival. Results: DBR1 is mainly located in the nucleus of ESCC tissue. And DBR1 was associated with several malignant clinical features in patients, including tumor location ( χ2 = 9.687, P = .021), pathologic T stage ( χ2 = 5.771, P = .016), lymph node metastasis ( χ2 = 8.215, P = .004) and N classification ( χ2 = 10.066, P = .018). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that ESCC patients harboring lower DBR1 expression had a worse prognosis in comparison with those with higher DBR1 expression ( P = .005). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses indicated that decreased DBR1 might act as an independent predictor of poor prognosis for ESCC patients. Conclusion: Abnormal RNA metabolism might play a critical role in promoting the progression of ESCC, and DBR1 may be a promising potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of ESCC patients.
U.S. Universities Under the Microscope
Authors: Brint Steven
Published: March 2022

Four environmental forces will influence the future trajectory of U.S. universities: federal patronage, state subsidies, new technologies, and social movements promoting greater equity across racial-ethnic and gender lines. The article describes how they will influence universities and how their impact is influenced by the positional strength of universities, the interests of departments, and the strategic assessments of senior managers. I show how these enviornmental forces can be directed to strengthen, rather than to further weaken, universities.
Vernacular Faith: Community, Heritage, Transition
Authors: Cook Daniel Thomas
Published: March 2022

This photographic essay sets out to represent a sense of place-making in several North Philadelphia neighborhoods, predominately inhabited by African Americans, focusing on the built environment of small houses of worship. In brick and mortar, sheetrock and aluminum, wood and plaster, generations of residents have forged living chambers of significance out of inanimate materials by repurposing storefronts and homes. These edifices give a grounded, visual-material sense of their inextricability from urban history and everyday life, surviving in the interstices of the urban grid over and against historical racial discrimination, economic deprivation, and now, the threat of cultural and geographic displacement.