bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Limitation Study of Integrating Sphere for Directional Light Source
Authors:   Center for Measurement Standards/Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chen Cheng-Hsien , Pong Bao-Jen , Jiaan Yuh-Der
Published: March 2022

Integrating spheres are widely used for the photometry measurement of light sources. Their size and geometry influence the measurement uncertainty such as the baffle geometry inside, which avoids the first incident light from the light source. Different set-up conditions of the directional light source, including LED light-bar and surface light source, result in different luminous fluxes. We have simulated directional light sources mounting at the center of sphere to proceed the feasibility study of directional light source in different mounting conditions. By varying the types of directional light source, the geometry of integrating sphere, the baffle condition, the size of sphere, and the absorptivity of the light source, we found the optimal measurement conditions. The result in this study shows that we could use the limitation of integrating sphere to measure the directional light source, and decrease the measurement uncertainty.
Intricate relations among particle collision, relative motion and clustering in turbulent clouds: computational observation and theory
Authors: Saw Ewe-Wei , Meng Xiaohui
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Considering turbulent clouds containing small inertial particles, we investigate the effect of particle collision, in particular collision–coagulation, on particle clustering and particle relative motion. We perform direct numerical simulation (DNS) of coagulating particles in isotropic turbulent flow in the regime of small Stokes number (St=0.001–0.54) and find that, due to collision–coagulation, the radial distribution functions (RDFs) fall off dramatically at scales r∼d (where d is the particle diameter) to small but finite values, while the mean radial component of the particle relative velocity (MRV) increases sharply in magnitude. Based on a previously proposed Fokker–Planck (drift-diffusion) framework, we derive a theoretical account of the relationship among particle collision–coagulation rate, RDF and MRV. The theory includes contributions from turbulent fluctuations absent in earlier mean-field theories. We show numerically that the theory accurately accounts for the DNS results (i.e., given an accurate RDF, the theory could produce an accurate MRV). Separately, we also propose a phenomenological model that could directly predict MRV and find that it is accurate when calibrated using fourth moments of the fluid velocities. We use the model to derive a general solution of RDF. We uncover a paradox: the past empirical success of the differential version of the theory is theoretically unjustified. We see a further shape-preserving reduction of the RDF (and MRV) when the gravitational settling parameter (Sg) is of order O(1). Our results demonstrate strong coupling between RDF and MRV and imply that earlier isolated studies on either RDF or MRV have limited relevance for predicting particle collision rate.
What caused a record high PM10 episode in northern Europe in October 2020?
Authors: Groot Zwaaftink Christine D. , Aas Wenche , Eckhardt Sabine , Evangeliou Nikolaos , Hamer Paul , Johnsrud Mona , Kylling Arve , Platt Stephen M. , Stebel Kerstin , Uggerud Hilde , Yttri Karl Espen
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In early October 2020, northern Europe experienced an episode with poor air
quality due to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM). At several
sites in Norway, recorded weekly values exceeded historical maximum
PM10 concentrations from the past 4 to 10 years. Daily mean PM10
values at Norwegian sites were up to 97 µg m−3 and had a
median value of 59 µg m−3. We analysed this severe pollution episode caused by long-range atmospheric transport based on surface and
remote sensing observations and transport model simulations to understand
its causes. Samples from three sites in mainland Norway and the Arctic
remote station Zeppelin (Svalbard) showed strong contributions from mineral
dust to PM10 (23 %–36 % as a minimum and 31 %–45 % as a maximum) and biomass burning (8 %–16 % to 19 %–21 %). Atmospheric transport simulations indicate that Central Asia was the main source region for mineral dust
observed in this episode. The biomass burning fraction can be attributed to
forest fires in Ukraine and southern Russia, but we cannot exclude other
sources contributing, like fires elsewhere, because the model underestimates observed concentrations. The combined use of remote sensing, surface
measurements, and transport modelling proved effective in describing the
episode and distinguishing its causes.
Detecting wave features in Doppler radial velocity radar observations
Authors: Miller Matthew A. , Yuter Sandra E. , Hoban Nicole P. , Tomkins Laura M. , Colle Brian A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Mesoscale, wave-like perturbations in horizontal air motions in the troposphere (velocity waves) are associated with vertical velocity, temperature, and pressure perturbations that can initiate or enhance precipitation within clouds. The ability to detect velocity waves from horizontal wind information is an important tool for atmospheric research and weather forecasting. This paper presents a method to routinely detect velocity waves using Doppler radial velocity data from a scanning weather radar. The method utilizes the difference field between consecutive position plan indicator (PPI) scans at a given elevation angle. Using the difference between fields a few minutes apart highlights small-scale perturbations associated with waves because the larger-scale wind field changes more slowly. Image filtering retains larger contiguous velocity bands and discards noise. Wave detection scales are limited by the size of the temporal difference relative to the wave motion and the radar resolution volume size.
Climate and society impacts in Scandinavia following the 536/540 CE volcanic double event
Authors: van Dijk Evelien , Mørkestøl Gundersen Ingar , de Bode Anna , Høeg Helge , Loftsgarden Kjetil , Iversen Frode , Timmreck Claudia , Jungclaus Johann , Krüger Kirstin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. In the Northern Hemisphere, the mid-6th century was one of the coldest periods of the last 2000 years, as indicated by both proxy records and Earth System Model (ESM) simulations. This cold period was initiated by volcanic eruptions in 536 CE and 540 CE. Evidence from historical sources, archaeological findings, and proxy records suggests that the extent and severity of this volcanic induced cooling was spatially heterogeneous and that the effect on society resulted in adaptation and resilience at some locations, whereas social crisis has been indicated at others. Here, we study the effect of the volcanic double event in 536 CE and 540 CE on the climate and society in Scandinavia with a special focus on Southern Norway. Using an ensemble of Max Planck Institute ESM transient simulations for 521–680 CE, the temperature, precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns are studied. The simulated cooling magnitude is then used as input for the growing degree day (GDD) model set-up for Southern Norway. This GDD model indicates the possible effects on agriculture for three different study areas in Southern Norway, representative of typical meteorological and landscape conditions. Pollen from bogs and archaeological records inside the study area are then analysed at high resolution (1–3 cm sample intervals) to give insights into the validity of the GDD model set-up with regard to the volcanic climate impact on the regional scale, and to link the different types of data sets. After the 536/540 CE double event, a maximum surface air cooling of up to 3.5 °C during the mean growing season is simulated regionally in Southern Norway. With a worst-case scenario cooling of 3 °C, the GDD model indicates crop failures were likely in our northernmost and western study areas, while crops were more likely to mature in the southeastern study area. These results are in agreement with the pollen records from the respective areas. During the sixth century, excavations show an abandonment of farms, severe social impact but also a continuation of occupation or a mix of those. In addition, archaeological findings from one of the excavation sites suggest wetter conditions for the mid-sixth century in Scandinavia, as simulated by individual ensemble members. Finally, we discuss the likely climate and societal impacts of the 536/540 CE volcanic double event by synthesising the new and available data sets for the whole Scandinavia.
Single Event Effect Testing of the PNI RM3100 Magnetometer for Space Applications
Authors: Moldwin Mark , Wilcox Edward , Zesta Eftyhia , Bonalsky Todd
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The results of a destructive single-event effect susceptibility radiation test of the PNI RM3100 magnetometer sensor, specifically the MagI2C ASIC (application specific integrated circuit) on the sensor board are presented. The sensor is a low-resource commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) magneto-inductive magnetometer. The device was monitored for destructive events and functional interruptions during exposure to a heavy ion beam at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory’s 88” Cyclotron. The RM3100 did not experience any destructive single-event effects when irradiated to a total fluence of 1.4 x 107/cm2 at an effective linear energy transfer (LET) of 76.7 MeVcm2/mg while operated at nominal voltage (3.3 V) and elevated temperature (85 °C). When these results are combined with previous total ionizing dose tests showing no failures up to 150 kRad(SI), we conclude that the PNI RM3100 is extremely radiation tolerant and can be used in a variety of space environments.
The presence of a draining sinus is associated with failure of re-implantation during two-stage exchange arthroplasty
Authors: Gabrielli Alexandra S.​​​​​​​ , Wilson Alan E. , Wawrose Richard A. , Dombrowski Malcolm , O'Malley Michael J. , Klatt Brian A.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Background: Reinfection rates after two-stage
exchange arthroplasty for prosthetic joint infection (PJI) have been
reported as high as 33 % in the literature. Understanding risk factors for
treatment failure will help to preoperatively counsel patients on the
likelihood of successful treatment and possibly influence the surgeon's
treatment algorithm. This study aimed to delineate whether the presence of a
draining sinus tract is associated with risk of failure of two-stage
exchange arthroplasty. Methods: We performed a single
institution, multi-center retrospective chart review of outcomes of patients
treated for PJI with two-stage exchange arthroplasty between June 2006 and
May 2016. For patients treated prior to 2011, PJI was defined based on the
preoperative work-up and intraoperative findings as determined by the
attending surgeon. After 2011, PJI was defined using MSIS consensus
criteria. All patients had a minimum of follow-up of 2 years or treatment
failure prior to 2 years. Treatment failure was defined as reinfection or
failure to complete two-stage exchange secondary to persistent infection or
other host factors. Operative reports and clinical notes were reviewed to
assess for presence of a draining sinus tract. Results: 240
patients were treated for PJI with intended two-stage exchange arthroplasty.
The overall rate of treatment failure was 29.6 % (71/240), while the
overall rate of reinfection was 13.3 % (32/240). A total of 39 patients did not
complete second stage revision; final treatment for these patients was
amputation, fusion, or chronic antibiotic suppression. A total of 52 of 240 patients
(21.7 %) had a draining sinus tract at presentation. Patients with a sinus
tract were significantly less likely to be replanted compared to those without a
sinus tract at presentation (13.3 % vs. 26.9 %, p=0.02). However, when
accounting for all mechanisms of treatment failure, including reinfection
following replantation, there was no statistically significant difference
detected between the sinus and no-sinus groups (27.7 % vs. 36.5 %, p=0.22). Discussion: A draining sinus tract represents a chronic,
deep infectious process with ultimate compromise of overlying soft tissues.
Thus we hypothesized it would be associated with failure in a two-stage
exchange arthroplasty. These data demonstrate that patients with a draining
sinus are significantly less likely to undergo re-implantation. This
provides evidence to the paucity of data surrounding draining sinuses and
two-stage PJI treatment.
Comprehensive space-time hydrometeorological simulations for estimating very rare floods at multiple sites in a large river basin
Authors: Viviroli Daniel , Sikorska-Senoner Anna E. , Evin Guillaume , Staudinger Maria , Kauzlaric Martina , Chardon Jérémy , Favre Anne-Catherine , Hingray Benoit , Nicolet Gilles , Raynaud Damien , Seibert Jan , Weingartner Rolf , Whealton Calvin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Estimates for rare to very rare floods are limited by the relatively short streamflow records available. Often, pragmatic conversion factors are used to quantify such events based on extrapolated observations, or simplifying assumptions are made about extreme precipitation and resulting flood peaks. Continuous simulation (CS) is an alternative approach that better links flood estimation with physical processes and avoids assumptions about antecedent conditions. However, long-term CS has hardly been implemented to estimate rare floods (i.e., return periods considerably larger than 100 years) at multiple sites in a large river basin to date. Here we explore the feasibility and reliability of the CS approach for 19 sites in the Aare River basin in Switzerland (area: 17 700 km2) with exceedingly long simulations in a hydrometeorological model chain. The chain starts with a multi-site stochastic weather generator used to generate 30 realisations of hourly precipitation and temperature scenarios of 10 000 years each. These realisations were then run through a bucket-type hydrological model for 79 sub-catchments and finally routed downstream with a simplified representation of main river channels, major lakes and relevant floodplains in a hydrologic routing system. Comprehensive evaluation over different temporal and spatial scales showed that the main features of the meteorological and hydrological observations are well represented, and that meaningful information on low-probability floods can be inferred. Although uncertainties are still considerable, the explicit consideration of important processes of flood generation and routing (snow accumulation, snowmelt, soil moisture storage, bank overflow, lake and floodplain retention) is a substantial advantage. The approach allows to comprehensively explore possible but unobserved spatial and temporal patterns of hydrometeorological behaviour. This is of particular value in a large river basin where the complex interaction of flows from individual tributaries and lake regulations are typically not well represented in the streamflow observations. The framework is also suitable for estimating more frequent floods, as often required in engineering and hazard mapping.
The Cambodian Mekong floodplain under future development plans and climate change
Authors: Horton Alexander J. , Triet Nguyen V. K. , Hoang Long P. , Heng Sokchhay , Hok Panha , Chung Sarit , Koponen Jorma , Kummu Matti
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Water infrastructure development is considered necessary to drive economic
growth in the Mekong region of mainland Southeast Asia. Yet the current
understanding of hydrological and flood pattern changes associated with
infrastructural development still contains several knowledge gaps, such as
the interactions between multiple drivers, which may have serious
implications for water management, agricultural production, and ecosystem
services. This research attempts to conduct a cumulative assessment
of basin-wide hydropower dam construction and irrigation expansion, as well
as climate change, implications on discharge, and flood changes in the
Cambodian Mekong floodplain. These floodplains offer important
livelihoods for a considerable part of the 6.4 million people living on
them, as they are among the most productive ecosystems in the world –
driven by the annual flood pulse. To assess the potential future impacts, we
used an innovative combination of three models: Mekong basin-wide
distributed hydrological model IWRM-VMod, with the Mekong delta 1D flood
propagation model MIKE-11 and 2D flood duration and extent model IWRM-Sub
enabling detail floodplain modelling. We then ran scenarios to approximate
possible conditions expected by around 2050. Our results show that the
monthly and seasonal hydrological regimes (discharges, water levels, and
flood dynamics) will be subject to substantial alterations under future
development scenarios. Projected climate change impacts are expected to
decrease dry season flows and increase wet season flows, which is in
opposition to the expected alterations under development scenarios that
consider both hydropower and irrigation. The likely impact of decreasing
water discharge in the early wet season (up to −30 %) will pose a
critical challenge to rice production, whereas the likely increase in water
discharge in the mid-dry season (up to +140 %) indicates improved water
availability for coping with drought stresses and sustaining environmental
flows. At the same time, these changes would have drastic impacts on total
flood extent, which is projected to decline by around 20 %, having
potentially negative impacts on floodplain productivity and aquaculture,
whilst reducing the flood risk to more densely populated areas. Our findings
demonstrate the substantial changes that planned infrastructural development
will have on the area, potentially impacting important ecosystems and
people's livelihoods, calling for actions to mitigate these changes as well
as planning potential adaptation strategies.
Reflection imaging of complex geology in a crystalline environment using virtual-source seismology: case study from the Kylylahti polymetallic mine, Finland
Authors: Chamarczuk Michal , Malinowski Michal , Draganov Deyan , Koivisto Emilia , Heinonen Suvi , Rötsä Sanna
Published: March 2022

Abstract. For the first time, we apply a full-scale 3D seismic
virtual-source survey (VSS) for the purpose of near-mine mineral
exploration. The data were acquired directly above the Kylylahti underground
mine in Finland. Recorded ambient noise (AN) data are characterized using
power spectral density (PSD) and beamforming. Data have the most energy at
frequencies 25–90 Hz, and arrivals with velocities higher than 4 km s−1 have a
wide range of azimuths. Based on the PSD and beamforming results, we created
10 d subset of AN recordings that were dominated by multi-azimuth
high-velocity arrivals. We use an illumination diagnosis technique and
location procedure to show that the AN recordings associated with high
apparent velocities are related to body-wave events. Next, we produce 994
virtual-source gathers by applying seismic interferometry processing by
cross-correlating AN at all receivers, resulting in full 3D VSS. We apply
standard 3D time-domain reflection seismic data processing and imaging using
both a selectively stacked subset and full passive data, and we validate the
results against a pre-existing detailed geological information and 3D
active-source survey data processed in the same way as the passive data. The
resulting post-stack migrated sections show agreement of reflections between
the passive and active data and indicate that VSS provides images where the
active-source data are not available due to terrain restrictions. We
conclude that while the all-noise approach provides some higher-quality
reflections related to the inner geological contacts within the target
formation and the general dipping trend of the formation, the selected
subset is most efficient in resolving the base of formation.
Wind farm flow control: prospects and challenges
Authors: Meyers Johan , Bottasso Carlo , Dykes Katherine , Fleming Paul , Gebraad Pieter , Giebel Gregor , Göçmen Tuhfe , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Wind farm control has been a topic of research for more than two decades. It has been identified as a core component of grand challenges in wind energy science to support accelerated wind energy deployment and transition to a clean and sustainable energy system for the 21st century. The prospect of collective control of wind turbines in an array to increase energy extraction, reduce loads, improve the balance of systems, reduce operation and maintenance costs, etc. has inspired many researchers over the years to propose innovative ideas and solutions. However, practical demonstration and commercialization of some of the more advanced concepts has been limited by a wide range of challenges, which include the complex physics of turbulent flows in wind farms and the atmosphere, uncertainties related to predicting load and failure statistics, and the highly multi-disciplinary nature of the overall design optimization problem, among others. In the current work, we aim at providing a comprehensive overview of the state of the art and outstanding challenges, thus identifying the key research areas that could further enable commercial uptake and success of wind farm control solutions. To this end, we have structured the discussion on challenges and opportunities into four main areas: (1) insight in control flow physics, (2) algorithms and AI, (3) validation and industry implementation, and (4) integrating control with system design (co-design).
Pemahaman Guru Pendidikan Agama Katolik (PAK) terhadap Ajaran Moral pada Jenjang SMA di Pontianak
Authors: Hariyanto Gustaf , Muhrotien Andreas , Andreas Acin Mayong
Published: March 2022

antara pendidikan dengan ajaran moral, dan pendidikan dengan agama di lain pihak. Orang-orang pada beberapa dekade sebelumnya berkeyakinan bahwa inti dari seluruh pendidikan terletak pada kekuatan moral dan agama. Moralitas sangat terkait dengan perilaku manusia yang ditinjau dari sisi normatif. Misalnya, apa yang harus dilakukan ternyata berbeda dengan apa yang senyatanya dilakukan. Selain dengan diri kita sendiri, moralitas juga terkait dengan tindakan yang memengaruhi kepentingan dan kebahagiaan orang lain. Namun, klaim-klaim moral tersebut harus disikapi dan diterima secara kritis. Artinya, harus ada pengertian mendasar dan kritis mengapa seseorang harus bertindak seturut ketentuan tertentu. Dalam hal ini diperlukan pemahaman mengenai konsep moralitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman guru agama Katolik jenjang Sekolah Menengah Atas mengenai relasi antara ajaran moral dan agama. Aspek yang ingin diketahui mencakup bagaimana pemahaman mendasar dan kritis para guru agama  berupa orientasi fundamental dalam memertanggungjawabkan pandangan-pandangan moral secara rasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Selain wawancara dan angket, dalam penelitian ini juga digunakan teknik Focus Group Discussion. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman guru mengenai ajaran moral dan agama bersifat dinamis, utuh dan holistik. Temuan penelitian memerlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar guru agama Katolik berpandangan bahwa ajaran moral sudah jelas dengan sendirinya, dan antara ajaran moral dan agama pada dasarnya sama, baik dari sisi materi maupun bentuk.
AN ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL ROLE IN DEVELOPING CHARACTER STRENGTH AND RELIGIOSITY AMONG STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY AND MADRASSA SYSTEM
Authors: Muhammad Shahzad Ashfaq
Published: March 2022

The main purpose of this study was to examine how institutions contribute to the development of character strength and religiosity among students in universities and madrassas in Punjab, Pakistan. A mixed-method research design was employed in a convergent manner. The study population was university and madrassas teachers and heads of the departments of Punjab, Pakistan. The study sample comprises 256 teachers/heads of institutions, which includes (128 from universities and 128 from madrassas) selected by a multi-stage sampling procedure. A semi-structured interview schedule that included 14 open-ended questions on aspects of character strength and religiosity was composed. The views of teachers and heads of institutions were gathered through a semi-structured interview schedule in order to determine the role of these institutions in promoting character strength and developing religiosity among students The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical procedures, such as statistical package for the social sciences version 21. The thematic analysis was applied for emphasizing meaning, coding and interpretation. The findings of the research investigation indicate a significant role of teachers/heads of institutions in promoting character strength and developing religiosity among students. The study results show that the curriculum of the Bachelor of Sciences program does not possess sufficient content on character strength and religiosity. It revealed, most university teachers try to interpret these abilities to students’ minds during routine classroom activities. There is a need to revise the course outlines at the Bachelor of Sciences level, and sufficient contents will also include therein. This study was limited to public universities and madrassas of the Sargodha division, PunjabPakistan. Future researchers can conduct large-scale, comprehensive research covering both public and private universities and madrassas in the Punjab province.
Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Tentang Pemerintahan Desa Terhadap Kinerja Perangkat Desa Untuk Mewujudkan Efektivitas Pembangunan Desa (Penelitian Di Desa Kecamatan Salawu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya)
Authors: Nurjanah Siti
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pelaksanaan kebijakan tentang pemerintahan desa terhadap kinerja perangkat desa untuk mewujudkan efektivitas pembangunan desa di Desa di Kecamatan Salawu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Jumlah responden ini adalah sebanyak 108 responden. Teknik analisis data untuk menjawab hipotesis penelitian ini adalah analisis statistic dengan model analisis jalur (path analylis) menggunakan Microsoft excel. Temuan permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, dalam hal variabel pelaksanaan kebijakan tentang pemerintahan desa yaitu: keterampilan perangkat desa sebagai pelaksana program pembangunan desa yang belum menunjang terhadap pencapaian tujuan kebijakan. Temuan variabel kinerja perangkat desa yaitu kualitas pribadi dari masing-masing perangkat desa yang dirasa masih kurang cukup optimal. Temuan pada variabel efektivitas pembangunan desa yaitu pembangunan desa dirasa belum cukup efektif dan kurang sesuai dengan aturan yang ada, dimana masih rendahnya ketersediaan infrastruktur dasar yang berkualitas, lingkungan yang sehat, aman dan nyaman. Saran dari peneliti yaitu perangkat desa di Desa Kecamatan Salawu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya agar lebih meningkatkan keterampilannya agar sesuai dengan kebutuhan pekerjaan.
Analisis Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin dan Kompetensi terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Badan Koordinasi Pemerintahan dan Pembangunan Wilayah IV Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Dally Sukmawati
Published: March 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa seberapa besar pengaruh motivasi kerja, disiplin dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai di Wilayah Priangan Propinsi Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei deskriptif analisis, alat ukur penelitian menggunakan skala perbedaan semantik dengan tingkat pengukuran ordinal dengan 5 tingkatan kategori jawabannya, pengujian validitas dan reliabilitas alat ukur digunakan dalam penelitian ini pendekatan korelasi Product Moment dari Pearson, dengan rancangan sampel Cluster Random Sampling, maka didapat sebanyak 92 orang responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis datanya menggunakan analisis data statistik dengan rumus analisis jalur (Path Analysis) serta data yang berskala ordinal terlebih dahulu ditranspormasikan menjadi data berskala interval melalui metode susesif interval (Method Of Successive Interval). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dapat diketahui bahwa motivasi kerja, disiplin dan kompetensi secara simultan memberikan pengaruh nyata dan positif terhadap kinerja pegawai adalah sebesar 30.81% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 69.17%% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Pengujian secara parsial diketahui bahwa motivasi kerja memberikan pengaruh secara nyata dan positif terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan pengaruh sebesar 36.65%, disiplin memberikan pengaruh secara nyata dan positif terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan pengaruh sebesar 28.53%, dan kompetensi memberikan pengaruh secara nyata dan positif terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan pengaruh sebesar 27.36%
Implementasi Kebijakan Pendirian Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDesa) Terhadap Manajemen BUMDesa dalam mewujudkan Efektifitas BUMDesa di Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Kania Ikeu , Raesalat Riksa
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penulisan penelitian ini adalah membahas pengaruh implementasi kebijakan pendirian BUMDesa terhadap manajemen BUMDesa dalam mewujudkan efektifitas BUMDesa di Kabupaten Garut. Metoda analisis yang digunakan dalam pembahasan topik utama menggunakan model analisis causal effectual dengan meninjau hubungan rasional yang menganalisa hubungan sebab akibat antara pelaksana kebijakan pendirian BUMDesa, manajemen BUMDesa dan Efektifitas BUMDesa. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Kantor BUMDesa Kabupaten Garut yang disampel berdasarkan jumlah BUMDesa yang telah berdiri yakni 244 BUMDesa
Implementasi Kebijakan Pembendaharaan Keuangan Daerah terhadap Manajemen Pengelolaan Keuangan SKPD dalam Mewujudkan Efektivitas Pengeluaran Anggaran SKPD Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Susanti
Published: March 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa pengaruh Implementasi Kebijakaan Pembendaharaan Keuangan Daerah terhadap Manajemen Pengelolaan Keuangan SKPD dalam mewujudkan efektifitas pengeluaran anggaran SKPD Kabupaten Garut. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga variabel yaitu Implementasi Kebijakaan Pembendaharaan Keuangan Daerah (X), Manajemen Pengelolaan Keuangan SKPD (Y) dan efektifitas pengeluaran anggaran SKPD Kabupaten Garut (Z). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei deskriptif analisis, hasil analisis bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Pembendaharaan Keuangan Daerah menunjukan pada kriteria cukup baik, Pengelolaan Keuangan SKPD dikategorikan baikdan Efektifitas pengeluaran anggaran SKPD Kabupaten Garut menunjukan pada kriteria baik.  Hasil dari pengujian hipotesis penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Pembendaharaan Keuangan Daerah secara simultan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan SKPD dan Efektifitas pengeluaran anggaran SKPD Kabupaten Garut.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Mewujudkan Kualitas Penatausahaan Pelaporan Keuangan Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) Kabupaten Garut
Authors: Geusan Akbar Gugun , Kartika Rika
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi terhadap Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Mewujudkan Kualitas Penatausahaan Pelaporan Keuangan pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) Kabupaten Garut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksplanasi dengan teknik evaluasi. Sampel populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 75 orang Kepala Sub Bagian Keuangan di Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) Kabupaten Garut. Hasil Pengujian terhadap hipotesis utama menunjukan hasil positif dan signifikan sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan teknologi informasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas sumberdaya manusia dalam mewujudkan kualitas penatausahaan pelaporan keuangan pada SKPD Kabupaten Garut, kemudian variabel pemanfaatan teknologi informasi berpengaruh terhadap kualitas penatausahaan pelaporan keuangan dan variabel kualitas sumber daya manusia berpengaruh terhadap kualitas penatausahaan pelaporan keuangan pada SKPD Kabupaten Garut
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH RECURRENCE CLUBFOOT
Authors:   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan, Khan Aqeel , Hayat Shoukat ,   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan, Ramzan Muhammad ,   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan, Kafeel Sara ,   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan, Asghar Ejaz ,   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan, Khurshid Sumaira ,   Isra university, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: March 2022

Background: Clubfoot is an intricate deformity of ankle and foot involving bony mal-alignment, adduction of forefoot, and hind-foot Varus, cavus, and equines caused by contracture of soft tissues. The many factor contribute to relapse of clubfoot, are neglected when advise the Proper pan of care. Objective: To find the association of clubfoot recurrence with no proper exercise and improper fitting of Denis Browne splint shoe. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at PIPOS Rehabilitation Service Program (PRSP), Peshawar. The data was collected from a sample of n=300 patients in Pakistan Institute of Prosthetic and Orthotic Science. The non-probability convenient sampling technique was used for data collection. The duration of the study was 6 months (April 2019 to October 2019). The male and female recurrent clubfoot children whose are either infant or till the age of 6 and registered in PRSP. The data collection was done through an international club foot registry form and self structured questionnaire. The results are presented in term of descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test was also performed to assess club foot and other variable association with each other. Results: The result showed n=110(37.3%) participants reported they had no proper fitting of Denis Browne Splint shoe (DBS) and n=97(32.3%) showed they underwent no proper exercise follow up. There was significant association of club foot recurrence with improper fitting of DBS (p<0.001) and no proper exercises (p=0.02). Conclusion: The study indicated that without proper exercises and in appropriate fitting of DBS may lead to recurrence of club foot. Keywords: Congenital Talipes Equinovarus, Clubfoot, Denis Browne Splint, Ponseti method
The THE COMPARISON OF PLYOMETRIC AND RESISTANCE WARMUP PROTOCOLS ON THE RUNNING PERFORMANCE IN RECREATIONAL ATHLETES
Authors:   Aman medical institute, Islamabad Pakistan, Gul Tehmina , Razzaq Aisha ,   Riphah International University,    Islamabad Pakistan, Sheraz Suman ,   Riphah International University,    Islamabad Pakistan
Published: March 2022

Background: Warm-up prepares the body to withstand the high-intensity exercises and improves the athletic performance and reduces the risk of musculoskeletal injury. Active warm-up is one of the best and commonly used techniques in athletes that can induce a special type of cardiovascular and metabolic changes that can bring prominent change in running performance. Objective: To compare resistance and plyometric warm up Protocols in recreational athletes to improve running performance. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Aman Medical Institute Islamabad. A total n=33 recreational athletes of both genders, having total exercise load less than 5 hours per week, with normal BMI and Must fulfill the 10 minutes’ walk test on treadmill before starting the warm-up were recruited through convenience sampling technique. The sample was randomly assigned through sealed envelope method into Resistance warm up protocol (n=11), plyometric warm up protocol(n=11) and control group(n=11). The running performance was measured with lower limb power, VO2max, endurance, fatigue and time of exhaustion. The RCT was registered in national library of medicine. Data was analyzed on SPSS version 23. After checking the normality, kruskal walis test was applied to compare the groups. Results: The mean age of the participants were 21.97+1.3 years and BMI were 23.27+1.12 kg/m2. There was significant improvement in plyometric group in terms of VO2max (p=0.003), rate of perceived exertion (p<0.001), time of exhaustion (p<0.001), fatigue (p=0.002), power p=(.002), endurance (p<0.001) as compared to other groups. Conclusion: It is concluded that there was improvement in running performance in plyometric warm up protocol and resistance warm up protocol as compared to control group Keywords: Lower limb power, Plyometric, Resistance warm up, Running performance
Convolutional Neural Networks Evaluation for COVID-19 Classification on Chest Radiographs
Authors: Zeiser Felipe , da Costa Cristiano , de Oliveira Gabriel
Published: March 2022

Early identification of patients with COVID-19 is essential to enable adequate treatment and to reduce the burden on the health system. The gold standard for COVID-19 detection is the use of RT-PCR tests. However, due to the high demand for tests, these can take days or even weeks in some regions of Brazil. Thus, an alternative for the detection of COVID-19 is the analysis of Chest X-rays (CXR). This paper proposes the evaluation of convolutional neural networks to identify pneumonia due to COVID-19 in CXR. The proposed methodology consists of an evaluation of six convolutional architectures pre-trained with the ImageNet dataset: InceptionResNetV2, InceptionV3, MovileNetV2, ResNet50, VGG16, and Xception. The obtained results for our methodology demonstrate that the Xception architecture presented a superior performance in the classification of CXR, with an Accuracy of 85.64%, Sensitivity of 85.71%, Specificity of 85.65%, F1-score of 85.49%, and an AUC of 0.9648.
GAN-based Data Mapping for Model Adaptation
Authors: da Silva Felipe , Glatt Ruben , Cobe Raphael , Vicente Renato
Published: March 2022

Although Machine Learning algorithms are solving tasks of ever-increasing complexity, gathering data and building training sets remains an error prone, costly, and difficult problem. However, reusing knowledge from related previously-solved tasks enables reducing the amount of data required to learn a new task. We here propose a method for learning a mapping model that maps data from a source task with labeled data to a related target task with only unlabeled data. We perform an empirical evaluation showing that our method achieves performance comparable to a model learned directly in the target task.
Model Reference Adaptive Control for Online Policy Adaptation and Network Synchronization
Authors: Arevalo-Castiblanco Miguel , Uribe Cesar , Mojica-Nava Eduardo
Published: March 2022

We propose an online adaptive synchronization method for leader-follower networks of heterogeneous agents. Synchronization is achieved using a distributed Model Reference Adaptive Control (DMRAC-RL) that enables the improved performance of Reinforcement Learning (RL) trained policies on a reference model. The leader observes the performance of the reference model, and the followers observe the states and actions of the agents they are connected to, but not the reference model. Notably, both the leader and followers models might differ from the reference model the RL-control policy was trained. DMRAC-RL uses an internal loop that adjusts the learned policy for the agents in the form of an augmented input to solve the distributed control problem. Numerical examples of the synchronization of a network of inverted pendulums support our theoretical findings.
Computation of Discrete Flows Over Networks via Constrained Wasserstein Barycenters
Authors: Arque Ferran , Uribe Cesar , Ocampo-Martinez Carlos
Published: March 2022

We study a Wasserstein attraction approach for solving dynamic mass transport problems over networks. In the transport problem over networks, we start with a distribution over the set of nodes that needs to be “transported” to a target distribution accounting for the network topology. We exploit the specific structure of the problem, characterized by the computation of implicit gradient steps, and formulate an approach based on discretized flows. As a result, our proposed algorithm relies on the iterative computation of constrained Wasserstein barycenters. We show how the proposed method finds approximate solutions to the network transport problem, taking into account the topology of the network, the capacity of the communication channels, and the capacity of the individual nodes.
The Asian Giants against EU Shipbuilding and the Covid-19 Factor: How Could the European Shipping Industry Survive?
Authors: Bakiris Konstantinos , Mylonakis John , Evripiotis Michael
Published: March 2022

The dominance of Europe in the shipbuilding market has been declining at a slow yet steady pace in the last forty years while the Asian shipbuilding sector grew massively and emerged as the leading market in the global shipbuilding industry. The Asian competition stemming from China, Japan, and Korea (the Asian Giants) together with the Covid-19 pandemic have been identified as urgent threats to European Union (EU) shipbuilding by numerous scholars and industry actors. The scope of this paper is to identify specific sets of proposals for the EU shipbuilding to be able to battle the challenges from the Asian shipbuilding market as well as the difficulties rising from the Covid-19 pandemic. Firstly, a comparative analysis between the competitors, thee three Asian Giants and the EU will be presented to highlight wrongdoings and gather valuable outtakes of each industry. Secondly, we will be looking at how Covid-19 is disrupting the maritime and shipbuilding industries of the EU. Evidence suggests that the nature of European shipyards’ work and expertise places them in a highly vulnerable position amidst Covid-19, as well as, that the Asian Giants are proven to be more resilient against the EU and Europe’s Covid-19-affected advantage in quality, expertise, and niche-equipment production.
不同週訓練次數的北歐式健走對高齡者步態特性之影響
Authors: 張立羣 張立羣 , Li-Chun Chang 乃慧芳 , Hui-Fang Nai 莊銘修
Published: March 2022

目的：探討我國女子跳高選手助跑最後兩步與起跳動作特徵，提供給教練與選手作為改進動作之參考資料。方法：以16名女子跳高選手 (年齡20.4±5.4歲，身高170.1±4.7公分，體重58.5±5.8公斤，比賽成績1.65±0.06公尺) 為研究對象。利用兩部數位攝影機與三度空間影像分析方法，拍攝選手在全國運動會、大專校院運動會與中等學校運動會的跳高比賽過程，以動作分析系統獲得助跑最後兩步與起跳階段的運動學資料，以皮爾遜積差相關分析各項運動學參數與比賽成績之相關性，顯著水準設為α= .05。結果：與世界級選手相比，本研究選手動作特徵為助跑速度較慢，在起跳階段水平與垂直方向運動的轉換較差，起跳腿膝關節彎曲較大，起跳離地瞬間身體重心水平速度過快，起跳離地瞬間身體重心垂直速度較慢與起跳飛程角度較小。此外，助跑最後第二步水平速度、起跳腳離地瞬間身體重心垂直速度、起跳階段身體重心速度轉換率、起跳飛程角度和飛程高度皆與比賽成績達顯著相關。結論：選手應提升助跑速度與下肢爆發力，並加強起跳階段水平與垂直方向運動的轉換技術。

 

Purposes: To investigate the characteristics of the last two steps of the run-up and takeoff techniques of female high jump athletes and to provide coaches and athletes with reference information to improve high jump motions. Methods: Sixteen female high jump athletes (age: 20.4 ± 5.4 years; height: 170.1 ± 4.7 cm; body weight: 58.5 ± 5.8 kg; best performance: 1.65 ± 0.06 m) were enrolled in this study. Two digital cameras, both with three-dimensional filming methods, were used to record the Taiwanese national games, national intercollegiate athletic games, and national high school athletic games, and a motion analysis system was employed to obtain kinematic data on the last two steps of the high jump athletes’ run-up and takeoff motions. The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the various kinematic parameters and official results, the significance level was set as α=.05. Results: Compared with world-class female athletes, the study participants registered slower run-up velocity, a weaker transfer from the horizontal to the vertical direction during the takeoff phase, a greater knee flexion angle during the takeoff phase, a faster horizontal velocity of the center of mass (COM) at the end of the takeoff, a slower vertical velocity of the COM at the end of the takeoff, and a lower takeoff angle. The horizontal velocity in the penultimate stride, vertical velocity of the COM at the end of the takeoff, velocity conversion ratio of COM during the takeoff phase, angle of takeoff, and height of COM during flight all exhibited significant relationships with high jump performance. Conclusion: High jumpers should improve the velocity of their run-ups, the power of their lower limbs, and the transfer of horizontal motion to vertical motion in the takeoff phase.

 
Bambini, adolescenti e tecnologie digitali
Authors: Bastone Antonella , Ravaglia Aldo , Borracino Alberto
Published: March 2022

The present work addresses the issue of the different risks associated with the exposure to digital technologies in the various stages of development, from childhood to adolescence. It further discusses the role and responsibilities of both families and family paediatricians. It concludes providing a summary of the international recommendations for promoting a responsible use of digital technologies.
A review of cohort sampling designs for Cox's regression model: Potentials in epidemiology
Authors: Borgan Ørnulf , Samuelsen Sven Ove
Published: March 2022

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Statistikk innen kreftepidemiologisk forskning: En løsning på et kolinearitetsproblem ved analyse av graviditeters betydning
Authors: Albrektsen Grethe , Heuch Ivar
Published: March 2022

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A comparison of the CONOR Mental Health Index to the HSCL-10 and HADS: Measuring mental health status in The Oslo Health Study and the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study
Authors: Søgaard m.fl Anne Johanne
Published: March 2022

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Impact of Standard and Low-Pressure Pneumoperitoneum on Intraoperative Complications in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Hassan Maazul , Naveed Muhammad , Ashraf Muhammad Hasham , Khan Rizwan Ahmad , Khan Fareeha Khaliq , Ara Jahan
Published: March 2022

Aim: To compare LPP and SPP laparoscopic cholecystectomy regarding efficiency and complications Methodology: Sixty patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups. 30 patients were placed in each group A and B. The intensity of postoperative shoulder pain was assessed by using visual analog scale (VAS) at 4,8,12 and 24 hours after surgery. Nausea & vomiting episodes also measured at 4,8,12 and 24 hours after surgery. The length of operation, intra-operative findings, intra-operative complications (bile spilling, visceral injury and hemorrhage), and hospital stay were also noted. Results: Patients in this study were divided into two groups: group A and B. The frequency of shoulder pain at different periods was from 0 to 7 i.e. No pain, Mild, Moderate, and worst which was counted by the minimum to maximum i.e. 2 and 7 at 4 hours, 2 and 9 at 8 hours, 1 and 8 at 12 hours and 0 to 8 at 24 hours. Regarding intra-operative complications i.e. Bile Spillage, bleeding and visceral injury, only a few patients had bouts of nausea/vomiting in the 4 hours and 24 hour time intervals. However, more patients were affected by this condition at 8 and 12-hour intervals. Conclusion: LP laparoscopic surgery is an achievable alternative to SP laparoscopic procedure for benign issues of gall stone. LPP is a better choice for the LC since it minimizes post-operative pain of the shoulder & the PONV while causing no significant increase in intraoperative complications. Keywords: Laparoscopic surgery, low pressure pneumoperitonium, standard pneumoperitonium