bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yerel Bağlamsallığın Soylulaştırma Üzerine Etkileri: Turizm Soylulaştırmasında Nevşehir Uçhisar
Authors: UTKU Tuğçe , ULUDAĞ Zeynep
Published: June 2021

Çalışmada kentlerde, dönüşüm sürecinin temel araçlarından biri olarak görülen soylulaştırma kavramı bu süreci etkileyen/ direnç gösteren yerel dinamikleri çerçevesinde Nevşehir’in Uçhisar ilçesi odağında ele alınmıştır. Literatürde soylulaştırma sürecinin çoğunlukla olumsuz algısına odaklanan çalışmaların aksine, bu kavram, kentsel ve kuramsal bağlamda çoğulcu- bütüncül bir yaklaşım prensibi gösterilerek, yerel farklılıkları gözetecek biçimde turizm bileşeni ile yeniden düşünülmüştür. Bu çerçevede çalışma, soylulaştırma kavramının yönünü, ‘turizm soylulaştırması’na çevirmiştir. Disiplinler arası boyutlarıyla, son dönemde Kapadokya’nın hem turizmiyle hem de turizmin getirisini arttırmak amacı ile yapılan kentsel müdahalelerle Nevşehir’in gelişen yüzü olarak görünen Uçhisar beldesine ait yerel dinamiklerin soylulaşma(ma) üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bölge olarak Uçhisar’ın nirengi noktası olan Uçhisar Kalesi çevresi seçilmiştir. Yöntem olarak fiziksel değişimin yerinde gözlemlerle incelendiği çalışmada kale etrafında halen konut olarak kullanılan bölgede konut sakinleriyle yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesiyle, kentlerin önemli gündemi olan soylulaştırmanın parametrelerinin yerel bağlamsal özelliklere bağlı olduğu görülmüştür. Uçhisar gibi kırsal özelliklere sahip bir bölgenin turizmle beraber dönüşüm sürecinde yaşadıklarının soylulaştırmayı oluşturma(ma) sürecinde ne gibi yerel etkileri olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışma, soylulaştırmanın yerel bağlamsallık ilişkisini göz önüne serdiği için aslında konunun ne kadar genelleştirilemez ve yerel değerlerin de ne kadar yadsınamaz olduğunu açıklamakla beraber, benzer turizm süreçlerinden geçen kent parçaları için soylulaştırmayı engelleyebilecek parametrelere de ulaşılmasını sağlamaktadır.
Ebeveynlerin Mahallelerine Yönelik Sağlık Güvenliği Algısı: COVID-19 Salgını Öncesi ve Sonrası İçin Karşıyaka’da Bir Araştırma
Authors: EKŞİOĞLU ÇETİNTAHRA Gözde , TEZCAN Senem , ÇINAR Bedriye
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 pandemisiyle mücadele kapsamında alınan önlemler, çocukların dış mekan etkileşimini kısıtlamakta ve halihazırda önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olan çocuklarda fiziksel aktivite eksikliğini olumsuz açıdan arttıran bir etki yaratmaktadır. Güncel durumda dış mekan kısıtlamalarının fiziksel aktivite eksikliğine neden olduğu tartışılmaktayken, ileriki dönemde yaşanılan mahalleye ya da kentsel alanlara ilişkin oluşacak sağlık güvenliği algısının, çocukların fiziksel aktivitelerini gerçekleştirecekleri dış mekan tercihlerinde de etkili olabileceği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu çalışmada pandemi dönemi öncesi ve sonrasında çocukların fiziksel aktivite yaptığı mekanlardaki değişimleri belirlemek ve bu değişimler üzerinden pandemi temelli bir sağlık güvenliği algısının oluşup oluşmadığını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında pandemi döneminde Karşıyaka ilçesinde 27 devlet ilkokulunda eğitim almış çocuğu olan 1559 ebeveyn ile çevrimiçi bir anket yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, pandemi öncesine göre fiziksel aktivite mekanında değişimler olduğuna, bu değişimin fiziksel aktivite yapılan mekanların temizlik ölçütü üzerinden gelişen bir “sağlık güvenliği algısı” nedeniyle oluştuğuna ilişkin ipuçları barındırmaktadır. Bu çalışma, COVID-19 ile kentsel mekan kullanımı arasındaki ilişkiye dair kentsel tasarım literatürüne önemli bir katkı koyacaktır.
Mekansal Plan Değişikliklerinin Kentsel Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi: Ankara Çankaya Örneği
Authors: AKKAYA BÜYÜKCİVELEK İrem , VAROL Cigdem
Published: June 2021

Kenti yönetenlerin temel amacının kentlilerin yaşam kalitesini artırmak olduğu üzerine ortaklaşmak olanaklıdır. Ancak yaşam pratiklerimiz kentsel müdahalelerin her zaman kentlilerin yaşam kalitesini arttırıcı etki yapmadığını, kimi müdahalelerin yaşayanların yaşam kalitesini düşürücü etkiler yarattığını kanıtlar niteliktedir. Deneyimlerin oluşturduğu bu varsayımdan yola çıkan çalışma “kentsel mekansal müdahalelerin kentlilerin yaşam kalitesine etkisinin ne olduğunu” ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Çalışma iki farklı kuramsal yaklaşım üzerinden ilerlemiştir. İlk olarak kentleşme sürecinin önemli bir bileşeni olarak kentsel müdahaleler konusu tartışılmış, sonrasında ise yaşam kalitesi kavramı ve kentsel yaşam kalitesi tartışmaları ele alınmıştır. Kentsel yaşam kalitesine yönelik çalışmanın ikinci bölümü kapsamında ise; yaşam kalitesi bileşenleri, kente ve mekana ilişkin geliştirilen göstergeler ve göstergelerin değişen bağlamlara göre farklılaşması ele alınmıştır. Kuramsal yaklaşımların alan çalışması ile değerlendirilmesinin amaçlandığı üçüncü bölümde, Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde karar alma yetkisi olan farklı aktörlerce yapılan kentsel mekansal müdahalelerin yaşam kalitesine etkisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Çankaya İlçesinde mekansal müdahale içeren plan değişiklikleri incelenmiştir. Sonuç bölümünde ise, alan çalışması sonucunda tespit edilen bulgular ortaya konmuş ve kentsel yaşam kalitesini artırmaya yönelik başarılı ve etkili politikaların oluşturulması için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Gençlerin Akşam ve Gece Saatlerinde Kentsel Merkezi Alan Kullanım Tercihleri
Authors: GÜNGÖR Merve , ORHAN Ezgi
Published: June 2021

Akşam ve gece saatlerindeki eğlence amaçlı kullanılan aktivite mekânlarının dağılımı, organizasyonu ve karakteri uygulanan politika ve planların yanı sıra kullanıcıların tercihlerine göre biçimlenmektedir. Başta genç nüfus olmak üzere, kullanıcıların istek ve talepleri doğrultusunda şekillenen gece aktivitelerinin mekânsal organizasyonu ve karakteri merkezi iş alanlarının gelişiminde ve merkezlerin canlılığında etkili bir role sahiptir. Çalışmanın amacı, gençlerin kent merkezlerini gece saatlerinde kullanımları konusundaki tercihlerini analiz ederek, kentin merkezi iş alanlarının gece peyzajını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Ankara’nın farklı merkezi alanlarındaki gece kullanım tercihlerini belirlemek üzere üniversite düzeyinde öğrenim gören gençlerle yüz yüze anket uygulaması yapılmış, seçilen örneklemde yer alan 250 üniversite öğrencisinin tercihleri araştırılmıştır. Gençlerin eğlence mekânlarının yoğunlaştığı ve çeşitli gece aktivitelerine ev sahipliği yapan kent merkezlerine yönelik kullanıcı profiline göre farklılaşan bir gece algısına sahip oldukları ortaya konmuştur. Kullanıcı profili yanı sıra, her bir merkezi alanın gece aktivitelerine dair farklı avantaj ve dezavantajlara sunmasından dolayı da gençlerin tercihlerinin değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarından hareketle, gece aktivitelerinin kümelendiği farklı niteliklerdeki kentsel merkezi alanlara dair karar vericiler için politika önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
Türkiye’de Kentsel Tasarım Yarışma Pratiği: Tanımlar, Ölçekler, Aktörler
Authors: ERAYDIN Zeynep , YONCACİ ARSLAN Pelin
Published: June 2021

Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından bu yana yarışmalar birçok kentin mekânsal gelişiminde önemli rol oynamıştır. 1927 yılında Ankara’nın planlanması ile başlayan yolculuk 1930’da Bursa Belediyesi Hal Binası ile bir süre tek yapı ölçeğinde devam etmiştir. 1932’de tekrar Ankara, 1942’de Samsun, 1944’te Ödemiş İmar Planları yarışmaları ile kapsam ve ölçek büyümüş, 1945’te Malatya ve Mersin Spor Alanları yarışmaları ile yapı ya da yapılar bütünü özelinde kurulan tasarım problemi çevre ve açık alan tasarımını da içermeye başlamıştır. 1948’de Ulus Meydanı yarışması ile devam eden bu seriyi kampüs tasarımları ve az sayıda da olsa açılan çevre düzenleme yarışmaları izlemiştir. “Mevzii İmar planı”, “Turistik Yerleşme Planı”, “Kent Bütünü İmar Planı” gibi yarışma alanına özgü adlandırmalardan oluşan yarışmalar dili, 1981 yılında “Eskişehir Fuarı ve Dinlence Eğlence Kültür Alanları Kentsel Tasarımı” yarışması ile ilk kez kentsel tasarım alanını işaret etmiştir. Bu yarışmayı takiben, 1980’den günümüze kadar uzanan dönemde ise Türkiye’de ulusal ve uluslararası toplam 111 adet kentsel tasarım yarışması düzenlenmiştir. 1980-2020 arasındaki yarışmaları inceleyen bu çalışma, tanımlar, alanlar, katılımcılar, ölçek ve yarışma süreçlerini kapsayan konularda istatistiki analizler üretmiş ve yarışma tarihinden bakarak günümüz tasarım ortamına dair çok sesli ve katılımcı tasarım yöntemleri, disipliner çeşitlilik ile kent kültürüne katkı konularında çıkarımlarda bulunmuştur.
Ankara Zincirli Cami: Korunma Sorunları ve Çözüme Yönelik Öneriler
Authors: DOĞRUER Fatma Sezin
Published: June 2021

Çalışmada, Zincirli Cami’nin (Ankara, Türkiye) tarihi, mimari üslubu, genel mimari düzeni ile yapıda görülen korunma sorunları belirlenmiş; bozulma türleri ve muhtemel nedenleri tespit edilerek sorunların çözümüne yönelik öneriler getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Caminin tarihçesi hakkında kaynak taraması yapılmış; mülkiyet sahibi olan Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü’nden yapının geçmiş onarımları hakkında bilgi ve belge edinilmiş olup, caminin şematik çizimleri yazar tarafından yapılmıştır. Yapı malzemelerinin karakteristik özellikleri ile bozulma türleri görsel analizlere dayalı olarak incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. 17. yüzyılda Ankara’daki konut sayındaki artış ile cami sayısında da bir artış görülmüştür. Bu yüzyıldaki cami örnekleri Ankara ekolü olarak tabir edilen dikdörtgen plan, moloz taş üzerine ahşap hatıllı tuğla veya kerpiç duvarlar, kırma çatı, ahşap minber, alçı mihrap gibi özelliklere sahip yapılardır. Zincirli Cami, Ankara’nın Altındağ İlçesi, Ulus Semti’nde Ankara üslubunda inşa edilmiş bir 17. yüzyıl camisidir. Caminin korunması kapsamında yapı malzemeleri üzerinde sıcaklık, bağıl nem, iklim koşulları gibi çevresel etkenler ile insandan kaynaklanan etkenlerden dolayı oluşan bozulmalar tanımlanmış, gerekli müdahale çeşitleri ve yeni bozulmaların oluşmaması için çeşitli önlemler önerilmiştir. Koruma çalışmaları kapsamında laboratuvar analizleri ve raporlamalar sonucunda doğru yöntemin belirlenmesi ve önerilen yöntemlerin deneysel uygulamalar ile sınanması gerekmektedir.
Sinemada Mimarlık
Authors: AYDIN Ali
Published: June 2021

Hikmet Temel Akarsu, Nevnihal Erdoğan ve Türkiz Özbursalı tarafından yayına hazırlanan “Sinemada Mimarlık” kitabı 2020 yılında Yem Yayıncılık tarafından basıldı. Kitap çoğunluğu mimar olan, alanında uzman, farklı disiplinlerden 40 yazarın 68 tane filmi ele aldıkları inceleme yazılarından oluşan kolektif bir yayın niteliği taşımaktadır. Kitabın bu çok sesli yapısı farklı temalardaki kült filmlerle de birleşince ortaya genel okuyucuya hitap eden bir eser çıkmaktadır. Günümüzde yeteri seviyeye ulaşmasa da artık çoğu disiplinin kendi alanında sınırlı kalması gerektiği düşüncesinin ne büyük kayıplara ve eksikliklere yol açtığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Kitabın, zaman-mekan ilişkisinden mimarlık pratiğine, günümüz kentleri ve sorunlarından ideolojik algılara varıncaya kadar genişletilen içeriği, çok sesli yapısı ve büyük çaba gerektiren editoryal kurgusu ile günümüz sorunlarında başat bir rol oynayan; mimarlık disiplinini kendi alanına hapseden yaklaşımlara karşı güçlü bir argüman oluşturmayı hedeflemektedir.
Installing and Using the Penn Forced Aligner (P2FA) Chinese
Authors: Zhang Cong
Published: June 2021

This tutorial helps you with installing P2FA for Mandarin Chinese on a Windows computer.
ANALISIS TENTANG TANGGUNG JAWAB PT. GHALAZ SUKSES PERKASA BANDAR LAMPUNG TERKAIT WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI PERUMAHAN (Studi Putusan Nomor 02/PDT.G/2018/PN.TJK)
Authors: ISWAHYUDI  , APRILLIANTI  , ERNITASARI YULI
Published: June 2021

An agreement is a legal act whereby a person promises to another person or where the two men promise each other to carry out an agreement. The problems in this research is whether the factors causing default in the PT. Ghalaz Sukses Perkasa Bandar Lampung against creditors, how is the responsibility and implementation of their rights and obligations. The research method used a normative and empirical juridical approach, the data used are secondary data and primary data. Studies conducted with literature studies and field studies, data analysis used is qualitative juridical. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that Factors that cause Defaults are caused by the intentions or negligence of the debtor itself, this intentional element arises from the party itself. Factors that are general in nature, undisciplined so that they carry out these achievements when they expire, underestimate the agreement. Accountability of PT. Ghalaz Sukses Perkasa Bandar Lampung against creditors based on decision Number 02 / Pdt.G / 2018 / PN.Tjk in the consideration of the assembly the intent and purpose of the plaintiff's claim is basically Default. Where the previous defendant agreed to return the booking fee / down payment / home installments, the implementation of the rights and obligations of PT. Ghalaz Sukses Perkasa Bandar Lampung against creditors based on decision Number 02/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Tjk, the creditor must prove as much as possible that his opponent (debtor) has defaulted, not overmacht.
ANALISIS PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA DALAM KEGIATAN USAHA JASA KEUANGAN PASAR MODAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suralaga Amanda Indah Pramesuri , Wulansari Revi , Windhatria Inna
Published: June 2021

Capital Markets can also be interpreted as a professional institution that deals with securities buying and selling transactions, the capital market as a long-term investment tool that is currently becoming a trend in the community. But it cannot be denied that along with the development of the capital market in Indonesia it has caused problems or also disputes in the process of capital market activities in Indonesia. The problem in this research is how do the procedures and dispute resolution processes in business activities in the financial services sector after the procedures and processes in the settlement of Capital Market disputes, we must also know the legal consequences of the disputes in the financial services business of the Capital Market? The research method used a normative and empirical juridical approach, the data used are secondary data and primary data. Studies conducted with literature studies and field studies, data analysis used is qualitative juridical. The results show that the procedure and capital market dispute resolution process can be carried out either litigation or non-litigation, but the joint parties usually choose a non-litigation path in the procedure, if through non-litigation the parties must go through internal mediation first if the internal mediation fails involving the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as a facilitator in the process of resolving the problems after the process at the financial services authority did not get an agreement, the settlement could be continued through the Sengekta Alternative Settlement Agency (LAPS) and the Capital Market Arbitration Agency (BAPMI).
IMPLEMENTASI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM OBJEK JAMINAN DALAM SISTEM PENDAFTARAN FIDUSIA ELEKTRONIK (Studi Pada Kantor Wilayah Hukum dan HAM Provinsi Lampung)
Authors: Sutedjo Nadya Fallanda , Iqbal Muhammad , Gunawan Garda Arian
Published: June 2021

The Fiduciary Guaranty Act (AJF) must be made in an authentic form and an AJF registration online. The Fiduciary Registration Office manually registers fiduciary guarantees and it turns out that the implementation has several obstacles, including the failure to achieve one day service because the requests that go far exceed the capabilities of existing human resources and facilities and to minimize corruption and collusion. then the government feels the need to create an electronic system (online system) registration service pattern. The research problem that will be discussed in this paper is the implementation of an electronic fiduciary registration system at the fiduciary registration office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of Lampung Province and the legal protection of object guarantees in electronic fiduciary registration. Juridical normative and empirical research methods, using secondary and primary data, obtained from library studies and field studies. Based on the results of research and discussion, it is known that in the electronic fiduciary registration system there are differences in the way of registration, the issuance of certificates, and the executive power inherent in the object of fiduciary guarantee. With the registration of a fiduciary certificate, the creditor has the right of preference and the fiduciary guarantee certificate has executorial power as well as a court decision that has obtained permanent legal force. Electronic fiduciary certificate registration has a time limit of 30 days from the issuance of a fiduciary deed, if it is not immediately registered within 30 days, the fiduciary deed will expire and need more time to make it. To realize legal certainty and fulfill the principle of publicity in the registration of fiduciary guarantees, the parties should immediately register objects that have been burdened with fiduciary guarantees.
Universal mindfulness training in schools for adolescents: A scoping review and conceptual model of moderators, mediators and implementation factors
Authors: Tudor Kate , Raja Anam , Maloney Shannon , Baer Ruth , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Byford Sarah , Crane Catherine , Dalgleish Tim , Dunning Darren Lee , De Wilde Katherine , Ford Tamsin , Greenberg Mark T. , Lord Liz , Radley Lucy , Opaleye Emerita Satiro , Taylor Laura , Ukoumunne Obioha C , Viner Russell , Kuyken Willem , Montero-Marin Jesus
Published: June 2021

There is evidence that universal school-based mindfulness training (SBMT) can have positive effects for young people. However, it is unknown who benefits most from such training, how implementation quality impacts effects, and how training exerts effects. No known scoping reviews have comprehensively reviewed moderation, mediation and implementation factors of SBMT. This study aimed to provide an overview of the evidence on the mediators, moderators, and implementation factors of SBMT and propose a conceptual model that can be used both to summarize the evidence and provide a framework for future research. A scoping review was performed based on methodology outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute’s Manual. Six databases and grey literature were searched. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select relevant material. Quantitative and qualitative information was extracted from eligible articles and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search produced 5, 479 articles, of which 37 were eligible and included in the review. Eight studies assessed moderators of SBMT on pupil outcomes, with mixed findings for all variables tested. Four studies examined the mediating effect of specific variables on pupil outcomes, with evidence that increases in trait mindfulness and decreases in cognitive reactivity and self-criticism post-intervention are related to better pupil outcomes at follow-up. Twenty-five studies assessed implementation factors. We discuss key methodological shortcomings of included studies of SBMT, and integrate our findings with existing implementation frameworks to propose a conceptual model. Widespread interest in universal SBMT has led to increased research over recent years, exploring who SBMT works for and how it might work, but the current evidence is limited. We make recommendations for future research and provide a conceptual model to guide theory-led developments and research in SBMT.
IMPLEMENTASI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA MEMPERNIAGAKAN BAGIAN-BAGIAN TUBUH SATWA YANG DILINDUNGI (Studi Putusan Nomor: 1027/Pid.Sus/LH/2018/PN.Tjk.)
Authors: Yoga Parama Nawa , Santoso Hutomo Wahyu Adi , Tommy Ujang
Published: June 2021

Ilegal wildlife trade is a serious threat to the conservation of wildlife in Indonesia. Wildlife illegally traded based on the facts found in the wield are mostly caught from the wild, instead of breeding. Natural Resources Conservation Center as an institution that has an important role in rescue efforts are strategic and Endangered species protection of law number 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Biological Resources and Ecosystem. The problem in this study is whether the factors causing the perpetrators to commit criminal acts trade the body parts of the protected animals, and how they are accountable and what efforts to overcome them. Juridical normative and empirical research methods, using secondary and primary data, obtained from library studies and field studies. Based on the results of research and discussion, it is known that the factors causing the perpetrators to commit criminal acts trade the body parts of protected animals, namely economic factors, environmental factors, and factors of public knowledge of the prohibition. The responsibility of the perpetrator of the crime of trading the body parts of the protected animal has been decided by the defendant proven guilty and sentenced to imprisonment for: 3 (three) years and a fine of Rp. 50,000,000 (fifty million rupiah). One of the factors that caused the criminal act to trade the body parts of the protected animals was due to the lack of socialization or knowledge of the community against the prohibition on killing / selling wild animals.
ANALISIS KEPATUHAN PEMBAYARAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN PASAL 23 TOKO KELONTONG DI DI DESA BEJI
Authors: Setyorini Feni , Defilatifah  , aroningtias Yulia
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the calculation, deposit and reporting of Corporate Income Tax carried out at a grocery store in Beji Village and how the perception of grocery store owners towards the existence of a modern market. Knowing the impact of the existence of a modern market on tax payment compliance in the grocery store business. To achieve the objectives in this study used a qualitative type of research with interview survey methods. Qualitative analysis uses data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed. The existence of modern minimarkets on grocery stores has a negative impact on turnover, income and the number of customers so that the payment of corporate income tax that should be paid is ignored by the grocery store business owner.
BOOK REVIEW: REFLEKSI 60 TAHUN PMII; HARAPAN DAN TANTANGAN
Authors: Jannah Mutiara Roudhatul , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo
Published: June 2021

Refleksi 60 Tahun PMII; Harapan dan Tantangan's books were written to commemorate PMII's 60th birthday. The Indonesian Islamic Student Movement (PMII) is an external campus student organization that has been established on April 17, 1960, in Surabaya and is based in Jakarta and is a member of the Cipayung organization. Starting with the motto "Dhikr, Thinking, and Mahbub Djuanedi chaired virtuous Charity" PMII for the first time. PMII is one of the organizations that exist among students because of its various achievements and movements in the national arena. Play a role in fighting for the rights of the oppressed people that depart from the fundamental values of the movement of fellow human beings to have one another and feel the same suffering from one human to another.
دراسة تحليلية لمنهج تدريس مهارات اللغة العربية في كتاب تعليم اللغة العربية للصف الأول الابتدائي لوزارة الشؤون الدينية الاندونيسية عام 2020
Authors: Kusumah Mada Wijaya , Majid Rahmat Abdul , Arifin Muzayyin
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti Kurikulum Pengajaran Keterampilan Bahasa Arab yang digunakan pada buku ajar Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Kelas Satu Sekolah Dasar terbitan Kementerian Agama Indonesia tahun 2020. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengajaran keterampilan bahasa yang dirancang dalam buku tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskripsi analisis, yaitu dengan meneliti dan mengamati keterampilan bahasa Arab apa yang terdapat dalam Buku Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Kelas Satu Sekolah Dasar ini. Kemudian dilakukan analisa atas kurikulum. Dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran keterampilan bahasa yang dirumuskan pada buku ajar Pendidikan Bahasa Arab Kelas Satu Kementerian Agama Indonesia ini mencakup empat keterampilan bahasa yaitu, melatih siswa dalam mendengarkan (istima’), berbicara (hiwar), membaca (qiraah) dan menulis (kitabah). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa buku in telah menetapkan kurikulum pengajaran bahasa Arab yang sesuai untuk usia kelas satu Sekolah Dasar. Studi Analitis، Kurikulum, Pengajaran Keterampilan Bahasa
Two-fluid single-column modelling of Rayleigh-Bénard convection as a step towards multi-fluid modelling of atmospheric convection
Authors: Shipley Daniel , Weller Hilary , Clark Peter , McIntyre Will
Published: June 2021

Multi-fluid models have recently been proposed as an approach to improving the representation of convection in weather and climate models. This is an attractive framework as it is fundamentally dynamical, removing some of the assumptions of mass-flux convection schemes which are invalid at current model resolutions. However, it is still not understood how best to close the multi-fluid equations for atmospheric convection. In this paper we develop a simple two-fluid, single-column model with one rising and one falling fluid. No further modelling of sub-filter variability is included. We then apply this model to Rayleigh-Bénard convection, showing that, with minimal closures, the correct scaling of the heat flux (Nu) is predicted over six orders of magnitude of buoyancy forcing (Ra). This suggests that even a very simple two-fluid model can accurately capture the dominant coherent overturning structures of convection.
Generation of Earth’s Early Continents From a Relatively Cool Archean Mantle
Authors: Piccolo Andrea , Kaus Boris , White Richard , Palin Richard
Published: June 2021

Several lines of evidence suggest that the Archean (4.0–2.5 Ga) mantle was hotter than today’s potential temperature(TP ) of 1350 ýC. However, the magnitude of such di erence is poorly constrained, with TP estimation spanningfrom 1500 ýC to 1600 ýC during the Meso-Archean (3.2-2.8 Ga). Such di erences have major implications for theinterpreted mechanisms of continental crust generation on the early Earth, as their e cacy is highly sensitive to theTP . Here, we integrate petrological modeling with thermo-mechanical simulations to understand the dynamics ofcrust formation during Archean. Our results predict that partial melting of primitive oceanic crust produces felsicmelts with geochemical signatures matching those observed in Archean cratons from a mantle TP as low as 1450ýC thanks to lithospheric-scale Rayleigh–Taylor-type instabilities. These simulations also infer the occurrence ofintraplate deformation events that allow an e cient transport of crustal material into the mantle, hydrating it.
Implicit Computation and the Origins of Knowledge
Authors: Grace Randolph C , Morton Nicola J. , Grice Matt , Wilson Anna , Kemp Simon
Published: June 2021

Human infants have ‘core knowledge systems’ that support basic intuitions about the world including objects and their motion, space, number, and time. What is the origin of these systems, and what is their nature? Although often regarded as separate, domain-specific modules, evidence for similar abilities across many nonhuman species suggests that core systems might be integrated, consistent with views of modularity in evolutionary-developmental biology. Here we propose that core knowledge systems are based on an ability to form representations of the environment with algebraic structure – that is, on implicit computation. Algebraic groups encode symmetries, with computation inherent in the structure – a view that complements an understanding of computation as action or function. Our proposal is related to previous applications of group theory in perception and computational-representational accounts of learning (Gallistel, 1990), but suggests for the first time a common basis for core knowledge across humans and nonhumans. Implicit computation can be studied experimentally with an ‘artificial algebra’ task in which adults learn to respond based on arithmetic combinations of stimulus magnitudes, by feedback and without explicit instruction. Asking why organisms have a capacity for implicit computation suggests two possibilities: Either the geometric invariants of the world have been internalized in perceptual systems by natural selection (Shepard, 1994), or mathematical structure is intrinsic to the mind. Understood more broadly in a framework offered by Penrose (2004), implicit computation is a linchpin with potential to unlock some of the most fundamental questions about relationships between the mind, mathematics, and the world.
Distinct but correlated latent factors support the regulation of learned conflict-control and task-switching
Authors: Bejjani Christina , Hoyle Rick H. , Egner Tobias
Published: June 2021

Cognitive control is guided by learning, as people adjust control to meet changing task demands. The two best-studied instances of “control-learning” are the enhancement of attentional task focus in response to increased frequencies of incongruent distracter stimuli, reflected in the list-wide proportion congruent (LWPC) effect, and the enhancement of switch-readiness in response to increased frequencies of task switches, reflected in the list-wide proportion switch (LWPS) effect. However, the latent architecture underpinning these adaptations in cognitive stability and flexibility – specifically, whether there is a single, domain-general, or multiple, domain-specific learners – is currently not known. To reveal the underlying structure of control-learning, we had a large sample of participants (N = 950) perform LWPC and LWPS paradigms, and afterwards assessed their explicit awareness of the task manipulations, as well as general cognitive ability and motivation. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate several preregistered models representing different plausible hypotheses concerning the latent structure of control-learning. Task performance replicated standard LWPC and LWPS effects. Crucially, the model that best fit the data had correlated domain- and context-specific latent factors. Thus, people’s ability to adapt their on-task focus and between-task switch-readiness to changing levels of demand was mediated by distinct (though correlated) underlying factors. Model fit remained good when accounting for speed-accuracy trade-offs, variance in individual cognitive ability and self-reported motivation, as well as self-reported explicit awareness of manipulations and the order in which different levels of demand were experienced. Implications of these results for the cognitive architecture of dynamic cognitive control are discussed.
Compounding effects of domain-general cognitive weaknesses and reading difficulties on anxiety symptoms in youth
Authors: Anderson Nina , Rozenman Michelle , Pennington Bruce F , Willcutt Erik , McGrath Lauren
Published: June 2021

This study examined whether domain-general cognitive weaknesses in processing speed (PS) or executive functioning (EF) compound risk for anxiety in children with reading difficulties. The sample included 755 youth ages 8-16 who were recruited as part of the [blinded for peer review]. Lower scores on PS (R2=.007, p=.014) and EF (R2=.009, p=.006) were associated with higher anxiety scores. Additionally, the reading x cognitive interactions were significant, such that lower scores on PS (R2=.010, p=.005) or EF (R2=.013, p=.010) combined with lower reading were associated with higher than expected anxiety symptoms. Results suggest that weaknesses in PS and EF may be associated with higher anxiety symptoms, and this anxiety risk may be compounded in youth with reading difficulties. These findings can guide assessment approaches for identifying youth with reading challenges who may be at increased risk for anxiety.
EEG alpha and theta signatures of socially and non-socially cued working memory in virtual reality
Authors: Gregory Samantha , Wang Hongfang , Kessler Klaus
Published: June 2021

In this preregistered study (https://osf.io/s4rm9) we investigated the behavioural and neurological (EEG; alpha (attention) and theta (effort)) effects of dynamic non-predictive social and non-social cues on working memory. In a virtual environment realistic human-avatars dynamically looked to the left or right side of a table. A moving stick served as a non-social control cue. Kitchen items were presented in the valid cued or invalid un-cued location for encoding. Behavioural findings showed a similar influence of the cues on working memory performance. Alpha power changes were equivalent for the cues during cuing and encoding, reflecting similar attentional processing. However, theta power changes revealed different patterns for the cues. Theta power increased more strongly for the non-social cue compared to the social cue during initial cuing. Further, while for the non-social cue there was a significantly larger increase in theta power for valid compared to invalid conditions during encoding, this was reversed for the social cue, with a significantly larger increase in theta power for the invalid compared to valid conditions, indicating differences in the cues’ effects on cognitive effort. Therefore, while social and non-social attention cues impact working memory performance in a similar fashion, the underlying neural mechanisms appear to differ.
Common Methodological Problems in Randomized Controlled Trials of Preventive Interventions
Authors: Steeger Christine , Buckley Pamela Rose , Pampel Fred C. , Gust Charleen J , Hill Karl G.
Published: June 2021

Objective. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often considered the gold standard in evaluating whether intervention results are in line with causal claims of beneficial effects. However, given that poor design and incorrect analysis may lead to biased outcomes, simply employing an RCT is not enough to say an intervention “works.” This paper applies a subset of the Society for Prevention Research (SPR) Standards of Evidence for Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Scale-up Research, with a focus on internal validity (making causal inferences) to determine the degree to which RCTs of preventive interventions are well-designed and analyzed, and whether authors provide a clear description of the methods used to report their study findings. Methods. We conducted a descriptive analysis of 851 RCTs published from 2010-2020 and reviewed by the Blueprints for Healthy Youth Development web-based registry of scientifically-proven and scalable interventions. We used Blueprints’ evaluation criteria that correspond to a subset of SPR’s standards of evidence. Results. Only 22% of the sample satisfied important criteria for minimizing biases that threaten internal validity. Overall, we identified an average of 1-2 methodological weaknesses per RCT. The most frequent sources of bias were problems related to baseline non-equivalence (i.e., differences between conditions at randomization) or differential attrition (i.e., differences between completers versus attritors or differences between study conditions that may compromise the randomization). Additionally, over half the sample (51%) had missing or incomplete tests to rule out these potential sources of bias. Conclusions. Most preventive intervention RCTs need improvement in rigor to permit causal inference claims that an intervention is effective. Researchers also must improve reporting of methods and results to fully assess methodological quality. These advancements will increase the usefulness of preventive interventions by ensuring the credibility and usability of RCT findings.
The unexplored role of handshape similarity in processing numbers on the hands
Authors: Berteletti Ilaria , Sullivan SaraBeth , Lancaster Lucas
Published: June 2021

With two simple experiments we investigate the overlooked influence of handshape similarity for processing numerical information conveyed on the hands. In most finger-counting sequences there is a tight relationship between the number of fingers raised and the numerical value represented. This creates a possible confound where numbers closer to each other are also represented by handshapes that are more similar. By using the ASL number signs we are able to dissociate between the two variables orthogonally. First, we test the effect of handshape similarity in a same/different judgment task in a group of hearing non-signers and then test the interference of handshape in a number judgment task in a group of native ASL signers. Our results show an effect of handshape similarity and its interaction with numerical value even in the group of native signers for whom these handshapes are linguistic symbols and not a learning tool for acquiring numerical concepts. Because prior studies have never considered handshape similarity, these results open new directions for understanding the relationship between finger-based counting, internal hand representations and numerical proficiency.
Chronotype and trait self-control distinctively predicted subjective sleep quality via sleep hygiene behaviors and bedtime media use
Authors: Lin Shiang-Yi , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa
Published: June 2021

This study examined the distinctive roles of chronotype and trait self-control in predicting sleep quality and the mediation of sleep hygiene components and bedtime media use of the relations between chronotype, trait self-control and sleep quality.
Predicting children’s and adults’ preferences in physical interactions via physics simulation
Authors: Kachergis George , Radwan Samaher , Long Bria , Fan Judith , Lingelbach Michael , Bear Daniel M. , Yamins Daniel , Frank Michael C.
Published: June 2021

Curiosity is a fundamental driver of human behavior, and yet because of its open-ended nature and the wide variety of behaviors it inspires in different contexts, it is remarkably difficult to study in a laboratory context. A promising approach to developing and testing theories of curiosity is to instantiate them in artificial agents that are able to act and explore in a simulated environment, and then compare the behavior of these agents to humans exploring the same stimuli. Here we propose a new experimental paradigm for examining children’s – and AI agents’ – curiosity about objects’ physical interactions. We let them choose which object to drop another object onto in order to create the most interesting effect. We compared adults’ (N=155) and children’s choices (N=66; 3-7 year-olds) and found that both children and adults show a strong preference for choosing target objects that could potentially contain the dropped object. Adults alone also make choices consistent with achieving support relations. We contextualize our results using heuristic computational models based on 3D physical simulations of the same scenarios judged by participants.
Maintaining trust in a pandemic: Blood collection agency messaging to donors and the public during the early days of COVID-19
Authors: Haw Jennie , Thorpe Rachel , Holloway Kelly
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 has posed unprecedented challenges to health systems around the world, including bloodcollection agencies (BCAs). Many countries, such as Canada and Australia, that rely on non-remuneratedvoluntary donors, saw an initial drop in donors in the early days of the pandemic followed by a return tosufficient levels of the blood supply. BCA messaging plays a key role in communicating the needs of theblood operator, promoting and encouraging donation, educating, and connecting with the public anddonors. This paper reports on discourse analysis (Bloor and Bloor, 2013) of BCA messaging in Canadaand Australia from March 1-July 31, 2020 to understand how BCAs constructed donation to encouragedonation during this period and what this can tell us about public trust and blood operators. Drawing onmultiple sources of online content and print media, our analysis identified four dominant messagesduring the study period: 1) blood donation is safe; 2) blood donation is designated an essential activity;3) blood is needed; and 4) blood donation is a response to the pandemic. In Canada and Australia, ouranalysis suggests that: 1) implicit within constructions of blood donation as safe is the message thatBCAs can be trusted; 2) messages that construct blood donation as essential and needed implicitly askdonors to trust BCAs in order to share in the commitment of meeting patient needs; and 3) thepandemic has made possible the construction of blood donation as both an exceptional andcommonplace activity. For BCAs, our analysis supports donor communications that are transparent andresponsive to public concerns, and the local context, to support public trust. Beyond BCAs, healthorganizations and leaders cannot underestimate the importance of building and maintaining public trustas countries continue to struggle with containment of the virus and encourage vaccine uptake.
Recent Trends in U.S. Childbearing Intentions
Authors: Hartnett Caroline Sten , Gemmill Alison
Published: June 2021

The U.S. period TFR has declined steadily since the Great Recession, to 1.73 children in 2018, the lowest level since the 1970s. This pattern could mean that current childbearing cohorts will end up with fewer children than previous cohorts or this same pattern could be an artifact of a tempo distortion if individuals are simply postponing births they plan to eventually have. In this research note, we use data on current parity and future intended births from the 2006-2017 National Survey of Family Growth to shed light on this issue. We find that total intended parity declined (from 2.26 in 2006-2010 to 2.16 children in 2013-2017), and the proportion of women intending to remain childless increased slightly. Decomposition indicated that the decline was not due to changes in population composition, but rather changes in the subgroup rates themselves. The decline in intended parity is particularly notable at young ages and among Latinxs. These results indicate that although tempo distortion is likely an important contributor to the decline in TFR, it is not the sole explanation: U.S. individuals are intending to have fewer children than their immediate predecessors, which may translate into a decline in cohort completed parity. However, the change in intended parity is modest and average intended parity remains above two children.
POTENSI KEPUNAHAN POHON TOREM DI PULAU YAMDENA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TANIMBAR
Authors: Malindir Johanis D.B
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPohon Torem merupakan salah satu tumbuhan endemik yang hidup di Pulau Yamdena. Masyarakat Maluku Tenggara Barat dalam sejarahnya telah cukup lama memanfaatkan kayu Torem sebagai bahan baku berbagai macam bangunan, mebel, maupun benda-benda kerajinan ukir. Kontribusi pohon torem bagi masyarakat Tanimbar tidak hanya sekedar dalam aspek ekonomi, namun juga dalam aspek sosial, religi, kesenian, dan kebudayaan itu sendiri. Keberadaan pohon torem didudukkan sebagai bagian penting bagi proses tumbuh-kembangnya kearifan lokal masyarakat Tanimbar. Dengan melihat pada potensi kearifan lokal, pemerintah terus tetap menjaga lestarinya hutan dan menjaga tanaman enedemik agar tidak punah.
Ensacamento de frutos – uma antiga e eficiente estratégia de manejo de pragas na horticultura
Authors: Raga Adalton , Galdino Leonardo Tambones
Published: June 2021

No Brasil, o processo de ensacamento de frutos começou a ser adotado mais intensamente pelos produtores na primeira metade do século passado, visando ao controle de pragas frugívoras, como moscas-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae). Essa técnica se tornou tradicional em culturas como goiaba e pêssego de mesa, através do emprego de sacos de papel manteiga. Mais recentemente, novos materiais estão sendo empregados na confecção de sacos para proteção de frutos na horticultura, como o TNT (tecido não tecido), ou ainda sacos com camada dupla.
Revision, Analogy, and the “Problem of Reality” in Michael Frayn’s Copenhagen and Human Touch
Authors: Gingrich Derek
Published: June 2021

Published eight years after the premiere of Copenhagen, his celebrated play about atomic physics, Michael Frayn’s Human Touch (2006) reflects on the epistemological and phenomenological implications of human experience, syntax, and quantum mechanics. Summarily, Frayn posits that reality’s fundamental indeterminacy makes thought, language, identity, culture, and experience possible at all. The book echoes more than Copenhagen’s themes, however, and the pair’s structural similarities invite readers to rethink Copenhagen as a piece of philosophical theatre. The play foregrounds the process of drafting and redrafting, and it stands as a draft of the ideas in the book that soon followed. The book follows suit as it drafts and redrafts its central question through its prodigious length. In conversation with Human Touch, we can read Copenhagen as an exploration of our ability to forge connections between otherwise disparate features of reality (including quantum mechanics). More crucially, Copenhagen demonstrates the pivotal role that theatre plays in the indeterminate epistemology that Frayn espouses in Human Touch. In doing so, Copenhagen embodies an earlier draft of the epistemology Frayn later explicates in the book. In other words, Copenhagen represents a rare example of a thinker working through philosophical ideas on stage before committing them to an argument.
The Circumstances of Colour: The Jim Crow Translation of Jonny spielt auf
Authors: Edwards Paul J.
Published: June 2021

This article examines the American premiere of the German opera Jonny spielt auf as a form of what I call Jim Crow translation. As originally written and composed by Ernst Krenek, the opera centres on Jonny, a Black jazz musician, who disorders the logic of European cultural superiority. Although thoroughly modern in its original German staging, using stereophonic radios and film projectors, Krenek’s appropriation of Blackness relied on blackface baritones to play Jonny. When the opera came to New York’s Metropolitan Opera, the history of minstrelsy and the legal system of Jim Crow haunted the production. While Jonny was depicted as thoroughly cosmopolitan and modern in Krenek’s conception of the opera, the American production, under the management of Giulio Gatti-Casazza, attempted to turn Jonny into a white vaudevillian in blackface, a publicity stunt that brought the opera further attention under the guise of protecting American morals against a narrative of interracial sexual desire. Though Krenek created an opera based on the value of Black modernity, Gatti-Casazza displayed American racial anxieties through the opera’s promotion. The proposed revisions to the text, through which racialist regimes demonstrated their power over cultural production, reflect the role that translation can play in reinforcing the colour line.
Performing the Elements in Indian Eco-Theatre: Deepan Sivaraman’sThe Legends of Khasak
Authors: Elizabeth K. Mary
Published: June 2021

This article considers The Legends of Khasak, a Malayalam play by Deepan Sivaraman, as a landmark Indian eco-theatrical production. I argue for the play as an important development in a nascent Indian eco-theatre, telling an ecologically significant tale about the relationship between humans and nature through performative and scenographic innovations that transform the theatrical space into a sacred grove, a place of deep significance in terms of ecological balance. This essay elaborates on how the play celebrates the pancha bhutas, the five elements of nature, by displaying their agency and invoking the pancha indriyas, or the five pathways of human perception, and thereby awakening an awareness of our status as ecological beings enmeshed in the non-human world. In The Legends of Khasak, Sivaraman has evolved an eco-material aesthetics of performance that, influenced by traditional folk performance forms and rituals and post-independence syncretic theatre, makes a lasting contribution to the development of an Indian eco-drama.