bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forced migration and psychological distress among migrants in transit through Mexico
Authors: Bojórquez-Chapela Ietza , Leyva-Flores René , Gómez-López Diana , Vázquez Esther K. , Cortés-Alcalá Ricardo
Published: December 2023

Objective. To assess the presence of psychological distress among non-Mexican migrants in-transit through Mexico, and to evaluate the association of forced migration and psychological distress in this population. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional survey of a non-probability sample of non-Mexican migrants in six shelters in Mexico, November 2021 - May 2022. We assessed psychological distress with the PHQ-4, and defined forced migration as migration motivated by social or political conflict, violence or insecurity, natural disasters or sexual identity. We analyzed the association between forced migration and psychological distress, adjusting by other variables, by means of negative binomial regression. Results. Out of 2,355 participants, 52.2% were forced migrants, and 51% of all participants had PHQ-4 scores in the mild-severe range. Forced migration was associated with higher PHQ-4 scores (coefficient 0.11, p=.004), as were experiences of violence before the journey (coefficient 0.16, p<.001) and violence during the journey (coefficient .09, p=.013). Conclusion. Our results confirm that persons who leave their countries of origin because of forced mobility experience more psychological distress than other types of migrants. It is important to address the mental health needs of this group of migrants in transit through Mexico.
Review of scientific production concerning Storytelling mediated by technology between 2019 and 2022 through SCOPUS.
Authors: Sánchez-Rivas Enrique , Ramos-Núñez Manuel Fernando , Ruiz-Palmero Julio , Rubio-Gragera María
Published: December 2023

The power of storytelling has become an effective and essential technique for knowledge transmission in Education. This article provides a review of indexed scientific publications that support the didactic use of stories mediated by technology. The selected timeline is from 2019 to 2022. For this review, a search algorithm was applied based on specific criteria, that helped to make a review of the SCOPUS database. The obtained data were interpreted from a quantitative perspective. After this, a qualitative study was made by an analysis and interpretation of the contributions of each of the articles. A yearly and progressive increase in scientific production is evidenced, although it is also observed a standstill in 2020. Authors, research works, and institutions with the greatest contributions in this field are also identified. Regarding the content analysis, from a pedagogical perspective, it is observed that there is a great interest to work on the existing need to build narratives that contribute to the effective application of active methodologies in the classroom. The term "Sustainable Development" arouses the interest of several authors concerned about the need to raise awareness of the importance of slowing down climate change, as well as the use of narrative to improve medical and therapeutic processes. Regarding the trends directly related to the use of technology, terms such as “Transmedia Storytelling”, “Smart Learning Environments” and “Augmented Reality” are more and more frequent and opening up new lines of research.
A broadly cross-reactive i-body to AMA1 potently inhibits blood and liver stages of Plasmodium parasites
Authors: Foley Michael , Angage Dimuthu , Anders Robin , Chmielewski Jill , Maddumage Janesha , Hesping Eva , Caiazzo Sabrina , Lai Keng Heng , Yeoh Lee , Opi Herbert , Cairns Callum , Beeson James , Kvansakul Marc , Wilson Danny , Boddey Justin
Published: December 2023

Broadly cross-reactive anti-malarial vaccines and therapeutic interventions are needed to achieve better outcomes in controlling and, eventually, eradicating malaria. Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA1) is a structurally and functionally conserved malarial vaccine candidate involved in the tight junction formation with the rhoptry neck protein (RON) complex at the host cell-parasite interface. This interaction is crucial for all Plasmodium parasites to invade human erythrocytes, hepatocytes and mosquito salivary glands effectively. However, extensive surface polymorphisms have induced P. falciparum strain-specific protection which has so far hindered the progression of AMA1-based interventions beyond the first clinical trial. Here, we identified a humanised single-domain (i-body) that recognises a conserved pan-species conformational epitope in AMA1 with low nanomolar affinity and inhibits the binding of the RON2 ligand to AMA1. Structural characterisation indicated that the WD34 i-body epitope engages the centre of the conserved hydrophobic cleft in AMA1, where interacting residues are highly conserved among all Plasmodium species and other apicomplexans. Further, we showed that WD34 inhibits merozoite invasion into RBCs by multiple Plasmodium species and hepatocyte invasion by P. falciparum sporozoites. Our work describes the identification of the first pan-species AMA1 biologic with high multi-lifecycle stage invasion inhibitory activity. This work identifies new tools for species-independent immunoprophylaxis and a possible target for structure-based vaccine development against malaria.
‘They just told me to go to theatre’: Women’s Lived Experiences and Support Needs Following Emergency Caesarean Section in Kawempe National Referral Hospital.
Authors: LOPONI CHARLES TABAN , Nakalembe Miriam , Ssekatawa Wycliff , Adupet Martyn , Kashesya Jolly Beyeza , Sule Ismail , Rujumba Joseph
Published: December 2023

BackgroundGlobally, Caesarean Section (CS) delivery is estimated at 21.1%, has tripled from 7% in 1990, and is projected to reach 28.5% by 2030. In Kawempe National Referral Hospital (KNRH), 43% of women delivered by CS in 2022, and 95% of them were a result of emergency caesarean section (EmCS). However, the lived experiences and support needs of women following CS are not explored, despite knowledge of challenges associated with CS compared to vaginal birth.ObjectiveTo explore the lived experiences and support needs of women following emergency caesarean section in Kawempe National Referral Hospital.MethodsA phenomenological inquiry was conducted in the post-natal clinic of KNRH among women reviewed on their 6th week following EmCS, and health workers as Key informants (KIs) in KNRH. In-depth audio-recorded interviews for women and KI interviews were conducted. The audio records were transcribed verbatim and analysed using deductive but largely inductive thematic techniques.ResultsTwenty (20) in-depth interviews and six (6) KI interviews were conducted between June and July 2023. The Mean age of the women was 27.95 years. Most women highlighted negative experiences such as fear of losing their lives during the surgery, poor pain control, and unsatisfactory hospital care such as delays in intervention, poor communication, feelings of discrimination and neglect and informal hospital charges. Conversely, successful surgery that saved their lives and that of their babies, presence of companionship and confidence in being managed by qualified staff in a national referral hospital were highlighted. Both the women and KIs expressed the need for adequate pre-operative care, financial resources, adequate pain control, and quality time for interaction with health care providers to improve care during EmCS.ConclusionFollowing EmCS, women have both positive and negative experiences at individual, relationship and health care levels. Positive experiences include successful surgery, presence of a companion and being managed in a national referral hospital. However, negative experiences included fear of death for mother and baby, poor pain control, poor communication and informal hospital charges. Financial support, companionship and information on indications for surgery and other interventions were the support needs expressed by the women.
Misreporting biodiversity loss due to invasive species escalates social tension
Authors: Borkar Aman , GD Bino Paul
Published: December 2023

In a 2010 article titled 'Fish finishing off Navegaon Ratsnake' in TNN, reported that the invasive fish species 'tilapia' aka 'koi' was introduced to Navegaon National Park’s Forest Lake by the recently settled Bengali camp migrants. The invasive species destroyed native aquatic species, affecting fishermen's livelihoods, resulting in Ratsnake’s decline and thus affecting the farmers' overall livelihood too. The onus of invasive species destroying the native ones came on the migrants leading to community clashes and their eventual relocation. We employed an ethnomethodological lens to gather data on the act using turn-by-turn interview methods. Results reveal that Tilapia fish entered naturally through agricultural run-off from a local villager's pond, contradicting journalists' reporting on biodiversity loss and community clash. However, the locals adopted the techniques of neutralization to cover their guilt. Misreporting unjustly labelled the camp migrants as criminals. This narrative weaves a complex tapestry of human migration, ecological disruption, and social conflict, underscoring the critical need for accurate reporting, scientific collaboration, and awareness to address the intricate challenges communities face in the proximity of delicate ecosystems.
Matching of Radial Inflow Turbines with Internal Combustion Engines Considering Pulsating Flows
Authors: CERDOUN Mahfoudh , Ghenaiet Adel , Ferrara Giovanni
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates numerically the effects of pulsating exhaust gases on the operations of radial inflow turbines and their matching with internal combustion engines at full-load conditions. Both single- and twin-entry radial turbines are considered and the transient behaviors are analyzed by combining the CFD and analytical models. As results, the unsteady performances are shown to deviate noticeably from the steady state due to high levels of unsteadiness of the inlet conditions. A typical hysteresis-loop relating the effect of gas filling-emptying inside the volute is well depicted. Unsteady performance of the twin-entry radial turbine depicts that the of hysteresis-loop is wide due to large volute volume whereas the hysteresis-loop of single-entry turbine seems reducingas the amplitude of pressure pulse reduces. For the compressor side of the twin-entry radial turbine, and depending on the engine speed, the average values of unsteady performances exhibit deviations up to 9% in pressure ratio and 7.8% in airflow swallowing capacity, in contrast to the single-entry radial turbine these deviations are lesser about 4 and 4.9%, respectively. These differences could be related to the two sides of volute which are source of hysteresis and flow interaction.
Studies on variability of some morphological traits in Nigella sativa L. varieties AN1 and AN20
Authors: VERMA SHWETA , Hariwal Manisha , Patel Priya , Shah Priyanka , Kumar Sanjay
Published: December 2023

Nigella sativa L. belongs to family Ranunculaceae, commonly known as Kalonji, is mainly a seed spice crop. Ajmer Nigella-1 (AN-1) and Ajmer Nigella-20 (AN-20) varieties of Nigella sativa L. were investigated for this study to estimate the possible genetic variations and their associations between them. Data was collected on various growth and morphological traits at 50 days after sowing (DAS), 100 DAS and at maturity. Data were normally distributed as suggested by S-W and K-S normality test. Descriptive statistics indicated higher mean value for the traits; total plant height (Mean ± SE) followed by shoot length (Mean ± SE) and number of seeds per capsule (Mean ± SE) respectively. Analysis of variance measured the significant differences and genetic variability among the means of traits at p ≤ 0.05 and 0.01. The regression plot suggested goodness of fit among the data with expected variability through higher value of R2 (COD). Pearson’s correlation showed positive and highly significant association among all the traits at p ≤ 0.01 suggested any improvement for the traits will directly affect with slight increment in the trait, seed yield per plant. Principle component analysis extracted 3 components with Eigen value more than 1 and contributed approximately 99.74% of total variation present among the traits. Phenotypic variance was estimated higher than both genotypic and environmental variation indicated the expression of AN1 and AN20 genetic makeup for phenotype and morphology. Although phenotypic, genotypic and environmental variance was estimated higher values for the traits, number of seeds per capsule and dry weight. High and moderate heritability (broad sense) for the growth (total plant height, shoot length and root length) and reproductive (number of capsules, number of flowers, seed yield per capsule and seed yield per plant) traits suggested that AN1 and AN20 are high yielding varieties. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean was estimated for the reproductive traits (number of capsules, number of flowers, seed yield per capsule and seed yield per plant) suggested the potential opportunity for the improvement of these traits for higher yield. A small difference was observed between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation suggested the presence of considerable genetic base for improvement and stability of the traits. The value of critical difference at p ≤ 0.05 was estimated higher for the growth traits, total plant height followed by shoot length respectively suggested the stability of the traits in given environmental conditions. Over all 2 growth stage traits, total plant height and shoot length and 4 reproductive stage traits, number of capsules, number of flowers, seed yield per capsule and seed yield per plant showed potential for further improvement in plant breeding programs.
Do Petroleum Price Asymmetries and Price Deregulation Cause Business Cycles in Ghana?
Authors: Sackey Frank Gyimah , Asravor Richard Kofi , Orkoh Emmanuel , Ankrah Isaac
Published: December 2023

In the context of volatilities in the international situations in recent times, studies regarding the complexities of oil price fluctuations have focussed on analysing the special fluctuation characteristics of oil prices in different historical perspectives. This study examines the extent to which petroleum price fluctuations under the petroleum price deregulation regime impact on business cycles in Ghana. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly data spanning from the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our empirical results show that price stability impacts positively on economic growth, both in the short and the long run, while foreign direct investment also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Our findings are consistent with theory and empirical studies and contributes immensely to the discussions about price asymmetry and business cycles. Again, offers a nuanced perspective on how policy makers can enact policies that ensures efficient and effective deregulation and price stability.
Association of symptom burden, illness perception, perceived social support and self- management ability among postoperative elderly patients with lung cancer: An exploratory study
Authors: Wu Yanyan , Wang Shuya , Ma Lina , Zhu Lifang , Wu Yan
Published: December 2023

Background
The research explored the relationship between perceived social support, illness perception, symptom burden, and self-management ability of postoperative elderly patients with lung cancer.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was administered to 489 eligible participants using Chinese version of the Perceived Social Support Scale, Chinese version of the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Lung Cancer module, Chinese version of the brief illness perception questionnaire, and Cancer Patient Self-management Assessment Scale.
Results
A significantly positive association was found between perceived social support and self-management ability of postoperative elderly patients with lung cancer,( r = 0.565, and P༜0.001) and a negative relationship between symptom burden, illness perception, and their self-management ability. (r = -0.442, − 0.203, and P༜0.001).
Conclusion
This research emphasizes the importance of perceived social support, illness perception, and symptom burden in exploring self-management ability so that healthcare providers can develop more effective strategies to increase self-management ability.
N1F(Improved-Nephropathy 1 Formula) ameliorates renal interstitial fibrosis via inhibiting extracellular matrix deposition and regulating the FGF23/P38MAPK/Wnt pathway
Authors: Yu Wenxiu , Zeng Congcong , Wang Chenggong , Jia Sining , Liu Chen , Zeng Yini , Cheng Jinguo
Published: December 2023

Background: Renal fibrosis is the primary pathway in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) towards end-stage renal failure. The currently used drugs currently are ineffective, and their mechanisms of action remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the nephroprotective effect of Improved-Nephropathy 1 Formula (N1F) in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and explore the potential mechanisms of N1F-containing serum in treating TGF-β1- induced human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).
Methods: The chemical composition of N1F was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap high-resolution liquid mass spectrometry. Renal function was assessed by measuring serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine protein (Upro) levels. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson’s trichrome (Masson) staining were used to evaluate the extent of renal tissue damage and fibrosis. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the protein levels of relevant indices. The RNA levels of the relevant indices were detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).
Results: We identified 361 chemical components in the water extract of N1F. These chemical components of N1F significantly reduced the area associated with interstitial fibrosis in the kidneys of UUO rats and the levels of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and urinary protein. Additionally, N1F decreased the protein levels of FGF23, Wnt1, β-catenin and p-P38MAPK/P38MAPK, along with the expression of renalfibrosis-associated proteins, α-SMA, FN, Collagen III, and Vimentin in the renal tissues of the UUO rats, while enhancing klotho and DKK1 protein levels. In vitro experiments revealed that inhibition of P38MAPK signaling significantly suppressed the expression of proteins related to the Wnt signaling pathway, with a concomitant decrease in the expression of FGF23 and an increase in the expression of Klotho.Notably, the P38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) had similar effects to N1F in altering the above-mentioned indices in vitro.
Conclusions: N1F may exhibit potential therapeutic efficacy against renal fibrosis by inhibiting the FGF23/P38MAPK/Wnt signaling pathway, consequently inhibiting extracellular matrix deposition due to renal injury.
7 Fakten zur Vielfalt der Orchideen
Authors: Volk Sigrid
Published: December 2023

Orchideen zählen zu den artenreichsten Familien im Pflanzenreich. Die größte Vielfalt an Orchideengattungen ist in den Tropen zu finden.
Europäische Orchideen - schön und raffiniert
Authors: Steinecke Hilke
Published: December 2023

Nicht nur tropische Orchideen mit ihren sehr exotisch anmutenden Blüten locken durch unglaubliche Strategien ganz gezielt Bestäuber an. Auch in Europa heimische Orchideenarten arbeiten mit allerlei Tricks und Täuschungsmanövern.
Ohne Mähen geht es nicht
Authors: Michalski Rainer
Published: December 2023

Für den Orchideenschutz an der Nahe packen Freiwillige tatkräftig mit an.
Ein Hort für Zierorchideen
Authors: Duda Jeannette , Vaupel Beate , Steinecke Hilke
Published: December 2023

Viele der Orchideen, die sich in den Schauhäusern bewundern lassen, stammen aus der Palmengarten-Gärtnerei. Die hier kultivierten Pflanzen wurden schon oft prämiert.
INNOVATIONS IN AMALGAM WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Asija Shreya
Published: December 2023

The use of amalgam is being phased out due to the increased awareness of its impact on health and the environment. Despite this, amalgam is still used in many dental practices if it is clinically indicated. Even if some dentists dont personally use it, they may still encounter patients who have amalgam restorations. So, the dental practices that do handle it must still ensure compliance with amalgam disposal regulations by segregating and disposing of the material to the highest standard. Thus, new innovations are being developed to enable dental professionals to dispose of amalgam waste in a safe and effective manner.
THE ROLE OF UNANI CRUDE DRUGS IN ORAL HYGIENE: A REVIEW
Authors:   PG Scholar Department of TahaffuziwaSamaji Tib (TST), State Takmeel-Ut-Tib College & Hospital, Lucknow-226002 UP. India., Rehman Rushda , Avid Mohammad ,   PG Scholar Department of IlmulAdvia, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar-190006 J&K. India., a Amreen ,   Research Officer Unani &ReaderDepartment of IlmulAdvia Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar-190006 J&K. India., Afsahul Kalam Mohd ,   Research Officer Unani &ReaderDepartment of IlmulAdvia Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Kashmir University, Srinagar-190006 J&K. India., Ul Haque Sultan ,   PG Scholar Department of Moalajat, National Research institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500038, India., Ahmad Javed ,   PG Scholar Department of IlmulAdvia, National Research institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders, Hyderabad, Telangana State 500038, India., Kausar Hina ,   PG Scholar Department of TahaffuziwaSamaji Tib (TST), State Takmeel-Ut-Tib College & Hospital, Lucknow-226002 UP. India.
Published: December 2023

Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping ones mouth clean and free of disease by various means like regular brushing (dental hygiene), garglingetc. Oral diseases have become more prevalent in recent years and have emerged as a serious global health issue. Among the most prevalent oral health issues worldwide are oral cancer, dental caries, and periodontal diseases.Unani Medicine has given much emphasis to cure variety of oro-dentalconditions including toothaches, gingivitis, stomatitis, bleeding gums, plaque, tooth decay and dental caries etc.using single drugs as well as compound drugs in various forms like SunÅ«n (tooth powder), GharÄra (gargle), and tabletsor pills in combination to other related drugs used in oral diseases.Unani medicine is more easily available, less expensive, and generally safer than other traditional treatments. Unani Materia Medica recommends time-tested herbal preparations that have been shown to be both secure and efficacious. The current review of the scientific data focuses mainly on possible involvement of the Unani system of Medicines in the treatment of various oropharyngealdiseases.
Determinants affecting customer intention to use chatbots in the banking sector
Authors: Abdul Karim Shaikh Irfan , Khan Sania , Faisal Shaha
Published: December 2023

The study aims to analyze the factors that influence customers’ inclination to utilize chatbots in banking services. The paper employed the technology acceptance model and utilized structural equation modeling to examine the factors affecting consumers’ willingness to embrace chatbot services. The survey evaluated various determinants, including perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, privacy concerns, and customer satisfaction. Data were collected from 250 bank customers in the Bombay region of India through an online survey employing a random sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS AMOS. This study identifies the aspects of chatbot technology in the banking sector, such as user interface, content, security, and convenience, that influence customers’ decisions to adopt this innovative technology. The results of the analysis revealed path coefficients indicating a significant relationship between information security and perceived usefulness (β = 0.286; p = 0.005) and between perceived usefulness and intention to use (β = 0.489; p < 0.001). Additionally, the path coefficients for design, security, and facilitating conditions were β = 0.281, β = 0.193, and β = 0.136, respectively, all of which held nearly equal significance in the study. The inter-correlations among the variables ranged from 0.346 to 0.854 and were statistically significant. In the banking sector, customers’ intention to use chatbots is influenced by convenience, efficiency, trust, and personalized experiences. Customers are more likely to embrace chatbots when they provide seamless support and tailored solutions, ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction and engagement.
AcknowledgmentThis study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University project number (PSAU/2023/R/1445).
Formação continuada de professores do ensino superior na perspectiva da inclusão educacional
Authors: Joca Terezinha Teixeira , Munguba Marilene Calderaro , Porto Chrystiane Maria Veras
Published: December 2023

A partir do paradigma da educação inclusiva, as instituições educacionais revelaram a necessidade de preparar os seus professores para atender a essa demanda. Ao chegar ao Ensino Superior, o vazio na formação docente é mais acentuado, pelo desconhecimento de como lidar com as pessoas com deficiência e com necessidades educacionais específicas. Objetivou-se descrever a vivência sobre formação continuada de professores universitários, na perspectiva da educação inclusiva. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, na forma de relato de experiência sobre formação continuada de professores universitários, na perspectiva da educação inclusiva, numa vivência em contexto histórico-social e cultural dos programas/eventos desenvolvidos com a participação das autoras. As experiências ocorreram em uma universidade privada do Nordeste brasileiro, de 2013 a 2019. Destacaram-se duas experiências: um serviço de apoio psicopedagógico e um programa de desenvolvimento profissional dos docentes. As estratégias de mediação, desde o acolhimento até o encerramento de cada curso, módulo ou oficina, foram determinantes para a promoção da inclusão educacional na universidade, ao proporcionarem momentos de desenvolvimento de ações colaborativas, que determinaram o protagonismo e a autonomia dos participantes dessa formação continuada. A formação continuada que mediamos visou ao protagonismo docente na construção colaborativa de soluções para situações diferenciadas inerentes à práxis pedagógica dos participantes.
Indium Recovery from End-of-Life E-Waste: Important Details Related to Spectroanalytical Determination and Recycling Viability
Authors: Castro Jeyne Pricylla , Garcia José Augusto , Souza Ricardo , Pereira-Filho Edenir
Published: December 2023

Recycling has experienced great interest over the past five years, primarily driven by its strategic economic significance and the growing scarcity of natural resources. One element that has garnered attention is indium (In), especially due to its presence in flat panel displays (FPDs), particularly in devices utilizing liquid crystal display (LCD). The goal of this research was to establish a method for extracting In from LCD. The study faced challenges related to In determination using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES), and furthermore, it proposed an optimized extraction method through design of experiments (DoE), focusing on extraction time and percentage of solid variables. Diverse sample types encompassing smartphones, monitors, and television screens were processed. Leaching was conducted utilizing a magnetic plate at 80 °C, employing a 1 mol L-1 H2SO4 solution along with 25% m v-1 of the sample. This proposed method achieved a near-complete extraction rate (100%) for In. Moreover, in-depth interviews were conducted with several stakeholders in urban mining and various sectors within Brazil. The insights gleaned from these interviews showed the absence of a consolidated market for recycling LCDs with a specific emphasis on In recovery.
impeachment de 2016 a partir dos campos de moralidade
Authors: De Souza Rodrigues Yago , Targino Janine
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar no que consistem e como foram ativados os campos de moralidade inseridos no âmbito do procedimento de instauração do processo de impeachment da então Presidenta Dilma Rousseff (Partido dos Trabalhadores – PT), votado em 17 de abril de 2016. Para tanto, será realizado o exame de elementos que compõem a estrutura dos discursos conservadores mais destacados no decorrer daquele processo político, como concepções sobre moralidades, política e conservadorismo, como se articulam e quais foram as consequências políticas dessa combinação. Nesse sentido, a articulação dessas concepções se desdobrou na mobilização de atores políticos em torno da projeção de discursos de variadas dimensões, como religião, economia e segurança, e que influenciados por um robusto conjunto retórico de apelo ao passado, culminaram em um processo político que marcou de forma determinante a democracia brasileira.
Fotografias “despretensiosas”
Authors: Mendonça Roberto Carlos Nunes Queiroz de
Published: December 2023

O toré é uma prática cultural que vem sendo mobilizada pelos povos indígenas do Nordeste como forma de resistência e de reorganização social e política. Na comunidade indígena da Lagoa de Tapará – pertencente ao povo Tapuias Tarairiús e localizada geograficamente no estado do Rio Grande do Norte – o toré faz parte de seu repertório cultural, sendo utilizado em momentos de celebração de conquistas, como também nos momentos de enfrentamento político. Diante da relevância do toré como instrumento de luta dos povos indígenas, este ensaio visual traz fotografias dos Tapuias Tarairiús dançando o toré durante as feiras de cultura da Lagoa de Tapará, cuja realização é feita anualmente, no último domingo do mês de maio. Para isso, revisito meu acervo de imagens das incursões que eu fiz as feiras de cultura, e que foi produzido ao longo dos anos de 2015 à 2018. Com este ensaio visual, pretendo construir uma narrativa etnográfica sobre as transformações do toré de Tapará, ao longo das edições das feiras de cultura.
Capoeira na roda, capoeira na vida
Authors: Souza Maysa Carvalho de , Pereira Gabriel Farias
Published: December 2023

A biografia de qualquer ator social é perpassada por múltiplos espaços de socialização, resultado das múltiplas forças sociais. Desta forma, estudar uma biografia e levantar essas experiências vividas, do passado ao presente, implica todo um trabalho de rememoração, de penetração na memória social singularizada que cada ator social pode oferecer de si mesmo quando questionado.Nesta pesquisa, o ator social participante foi o artista e capoeirista Alberto Antônio, morador do bairro de Cruz das Armas em João Pessoa - PB, conhecido pelos familiares como “Betinho” e no universo da capoeira paraibana como “Contramestre Escurinho”. Através de uma entrevista semi-estruturada combinada a entrevista informal de cunho biográfico houve o objetivo de aproximar-nos das suas experiências familiares, laborais, culturais e afetivas. O presente ensaio visual revela fragmentos de narrativas imagéticas que se entrelaçam no tempo entre a arte, a capoeira e o reconhecimento de si. Numa cronologia não linear que compreende os anos 1998 à 2018, agrupa-se questões entre arte e reconhecimento artístico, ritos de iniciação e passagem, e por fim, a capoeira e figuras de autoridade.
Relationship beliefs and compatibility preferences in romantic partners
Authors: Marchi Alessia , Jonason Peter K.
Published: December 2023

Recently, we identified 24 factors (e.g., appearance, conformity, leisure) that may capture whether people want to be similar or different from their sexual and romantic partners on different qualities in 274 (nWomen = 225) Italians (Marchi et al., 2023; Personality and Individual Differences). In this brief report, we reanalyzed that data, but now turn our attention to content we did not report previously about relationship beliefs. Participants believed similarity was more important than complementary in relationships but beliefs that physical attractiveness is important may trump them both. However, belief that physical attractiveness is important was unrelated to any of the compatibility factors and complementarity beliefs were only related to three of them, while nearly two-thirds of the correlations with similarity beliefs were significant (e.g., residence, speech, intellect). We discussed our results in terms of how different generalized relationship beliefs may manifest themselves in how similar or different people want their romantic and sexual partners to be.
Relationship between Cortical Excitability and Complex Reaction Time
Authors: Moscatelli Fiorenzo , Polito Rita , Monda Vincenzo , Cibelli Giuseppe , Valenzano Anna , Monda Antonietta , Scarinci Alessia , Messina Antonietta , Monda Marcellino , Limone Pierpaolo , Messina Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the relationships between cortical excitability and complex reaction times (RT).To carry out this study, we performed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to test cortical excitability and the Posner paradigm to investigate the RT and errors. Investigation of motor cortex excitability and reaction time.

Methods:

Twenty male right-handed participants were chosen for this investigation (Age: 23.5±2.1 years; Height 177.1±2.8 cm; Body mass 73.2±3.3 Kg).

Results:

A significant positive correlation emerged between resting motor threshold (rMT) and RT and between motor evoked potential (MEP) latency and RT(p<0.001). The results also show a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) between rMT and the percentage of errors and a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between MEP latency (ms) and the percentage of errors. The main results of the study showed that subjects who showed lower motor activation thresholds were able to respond faster and they also showed a significantly lower error rate compared to subjects who showed higher motor activation thresholds.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, our study seems to confirm the presence of a relationship between neuro-physiological parameters (MEP latency and rMT), RT and percentage of correct answers.
Anxiety and Depression Disorder among Adult People Living with HIV/AIDS on Follow-up at Dessie Public Health Facilities Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics, Northeast Ethiopia: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Degu Fatuma Seid
Published: December 2023

Background:

Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent mental disorders among people living with HIV/AIDS compared to people without HIV/AIDS. In addition, mental health problems are associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV/AIDS due to adverse effects, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, quality of life, and all health-related parameters. There is no additional study on multiple sites as an integrated way to address the proposed issue.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders and their associated factors among adult HIV-/AIDS patients on follow-up at antiretroviral therapy clinics in the Dessie town public health facility, Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods:

A multicenter institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Anxiety and depression disorders were assessed by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). EPI-Data software version 7.2 for data entry and SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis were used. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05 and an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in the final model.

Results:

In this study, 404 adult HIV/-AIDS patients presenting for a follow-up at antiretroviral therapy clinics at Dessie town public health facilities participated; the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders was found to be 31.7% (CI: 27%, 36.6%) and 38% (CI: 33.7%, 42.7%), respectively. Being female (AOR=3.5 95% CI: 1.86 –6.65), viral loads ≥ 1000 copies/ml (AOR =2.2, 95% CI: 1.2-3.95), and CD4 cells <200 cells/mm3 were associated with depressive disorder and HAART containing efavirenz (2.3 95% CI: 1-4.58), consumption of coffee and tea (AOR =2.5, 95% CI; 1.45 -4.37) and female gender (AOR= 3.5 95% CI; 1.9-6.6), which were found to be predictors for anxiety disorders.

Conclusion and Recommendations:

The magnitude of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS on follow-up with antiretroviral therapy was found to be higher than the pooled estimated prevalence found in Ethiopia. Being female, viral load ≥ 1000 copies/ml, and CD4 cells <200 cells/mm3 were associated with the occurrence of depressive disorders, and a HAART regimen containing efavirenz, taking coffee and tea, and female sex were found to be predictors for anxiety disorder.
Role of Essential Oils and Antioxidants in the Treatment of Fibrosis
Authors: Sah Jaishree , Singh Indu
Published: December 2023

Fibrosis is the leading cause of many lethal diseases. It is characterized by the accumulation
of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which leads to damaged tissue functioning
in the influenced organs. Essential oils are concentrated hydrophobic liquid having volatile
compounds extracted from plant or plant parts while antioxidants are the compounds that help
in scavenging free radicals and prevent reducing the oxidation processes. In this review, challenges
that come during the treatment of fibrosis have been covered, mechanism of action of
both essential oil and antioxidants is also outlined in this article. This review aimed to provide
scientific fundamental and knowledge, ideas for the development and application of essential
oils and antioxidants in the treatment of fibrosis.
The Role of a Smart Health Ecosystem in Transforming the Management of Chronic Health Conditions
Authors: Nourse Rebecca , Dingler Tilman , Kelly Jaimon , Kwasnicka Dominika , Maddison Ralph
Published: December 2023

The effective management of chronic conditions requires an approach that promotes a shift in care from the clinic to the home, improves the efficiency of health care systems, and benefits all users irrespective of their needs and preferences. Digital health can provide a solution to this challenge, and in this paper, we provide our vision for a smart health ecosystem. A smart health ecosystem leverages the interoperability of digital health technologies and advancements in big data and artificial intelligence for data collection and analysis and the provision of support. We envisage that this approach will allow a comprehensive picture of health, personalization, and tailoring of behavioral and clinical support; drive theoretical advancements; and empower people to manage their own health with support from health care professionals. We illustrate the concept with 2 use cases and discuss topics for further consideration and research, concluding with a message to encourage people with chronic conditions, their caregivers, health care professionals, policy and decision makers, and technology experts to join their efforts and work toward adopting a smart health ecosystem.
Developing and Evaluating a Data-Driven and Systems Approach to Health Promotion Among Vocational Students: Protocol for the Data Health Study
Authors: Heinze Clara , Hartmeyer Rikke Dalgaard , Sidenius Anne , Ringgaard Lene Winther , Bjerregaard Anne-Louise , Krølner Rikke Fredenslund , Allender Steven , Bauman Adrian , Klinker Charlotte Demant
Published: December 2023

Background

Vocational school students exhibit significant risk behaviors in terms of poor diet, frequent use of nicotine products, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, low levels of physical activity, and poor mental health. This makes vocational students vulnerable to the development of noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, effective health promotion programs targeting vocational students are required.

Objective

The Danish study “Data-driven and Systems Approach to Health Promotion Among Vocational Students” (Data Health) aims to develop, implement, and evaluate a systems approach to support vocational schools, municipalities, and local communities in implementing locally relevant health promotion actions among and for vocational students. This paper describes the Data Health program and how implementation and preliminary effectiveness will be evaluated.

Methods

The Data Health program offers an iterative 5-step process to develop changes in the systems that shape health behavior and well-being among vocational students. The program will be implemented and evaluated in 8 Danish vocational schools in 4 municipalities. The implementation of the process and actions will be explored using a systems-based evaluation design that assesses contextual differences and the mechanisms through which the program leads to changes in the systems. Preliminary effectiveness at the individual level (students’ self-reported health behavior and well-being) and organizational level (school organizational readiness reported by school staff) will be assessed using a quasi-experimental design, and cross-sectional data will be collected at all 8 schools simultaneously 4 times during the 2-year study period.

Results

This study was launched in 2021, and data collection is expected to be completed in June 2024. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication in January 2024.

Conclusions

We expect that the Data Health study will make significant contributions to complex intervention research by contributing to the paucity of research studies that have used systems approaches in school settings. The study will also provide evidence of successful elements for systems change and effectiveness to determine whether a national scale-up can be recommended.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05308459; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05308459

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/52571
Stakeholders’ Perspectives, Needs, and Barriers to Self-Management for People With Physical Disabilities Experiencing Chronic Conditions: Focus Group Study (Preprint)
Authors: Evans Eric , Zengul Ayse , Knight Amy , Willig Amanda , Cherrington Andrea , Mehta Tapan , Thirumalai Mohanraj
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

While self-management programs have had significant improvements for individuals with chronic conditions, less is known about the impact of self-management programs for individuals with physical disabilities who experience chronic conditions, as no holistic self-management programs exist for this population. Similarly, there is limited knowledge of how other stakeholders, such as caregivers, health experts, and researchers, view self-management programs in the context of disability, chronic health conditions, and assistive technologies.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to obtain insight into how stakeholders perceive self-management relating to physical disability, chronic conditions, and assistive technologies.

METHODS

Nine focus groups were conducted by 2 trained facilitators using semistructured interview guides. Each guide contained questions relating to stakeholders’ experiences, challenges with self-management programs, and perceptions of assistive technologies. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted on the focus group data.

RESULTS

A total of 47 individuals participated in the focus groups. By using a constructivist grounded approach and inductive data collection, three main themes emerged from the focus groups: (1) perspectives, (2) needs, and (3) barriers of stakeholders. Stakeholders emphasized the importance of physical activity, mental health, symptom management, medication management, participant centeredness, and chronic disease and disability education. Participants viewed technology as a beneficial aide to their daily self-management and expressed their desire to have peer-to-peer support in web-based self-management programs. Additional views of technology included the ability to access individualized, educational content and connect with other individuals who experience similar health conditions or struggle with caregiving duties.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that the development of any web-based self-management program should include mental health education and resources in addition to physical activity content and symptom management and be cost-effective. Beyond the inclusion of educational resources, stakeholders desired customization or patient centeredness in the program to meet the overall needs of individuals with physical disabilities and caregivers. The development of web-based self-management programs should be holistic in meeting the needs of all stakeholders.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05481593; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05481593
Nonrepresentativeness of Human Mobility Data and its Impact on Modeling Dynamics of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Chuchu , Holme Petter , Lehmann Sune , Yang Wenchuan , Lu Xin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

In recent years, a range of novel smartphone-derived data streams about human mobility have become available on a near–real-time basis. These data have been used, for example, to perform traffic forecasting and epidemic modeling. During the COVID-19 pandemic in particular, human travel behavior has been considered a key component of epidemiological modeling to provide more reliable estimates about the volumes of the pandemic’s importation and transmission routes, or to identify hot spots. However, nearly universally in the literature, the representativeness of these data, how they relate to the underlying real-world human mobility, has been overlooked. This disconnect between data and reality is especially relevant in the case of socially disadvantaged minorities.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to illustrate the nonrepresentativeness of data on human mobility and the impact of this nonrepresentativeness on modeling dynamics of the epidemic. This study systematically evaluates how real-world travel flows differ from census-based estimations, especially in the case of socially disadvantaged minorities, such as older adults and women, and further measures biases introduced by this difference in epidemiological studies.

METHODS

To understand the demographic composition of population movements, a nationwide mobility data set from 318 million mobile phone users in China from January 1 to February 29, 2020, was curated. Specifically, we quantified the disparity in the population composition between actual migrations and resident composition according to census data, and shows how this nonrepresentativeness impacts epidemiological modeling by constructing an age-structured SEIR (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected- Recovered) model of COVID-19 transmission.

RESULTS

We found a significant difference in the demographic composition between those who travel and the overall population. In the population flows, 59% (n=20,067,526) of travelers are young and 36% (n=12,210,565) of them are middle-aged (P<.001), which is completely different from the overall adult population composition of China (where 36% of individuals are young and 40% of them are middle-aged). This difference would introduce a striking bias in epidemiological studies: the estimation of maximum daily infections differs nearly 3 times, and the peak time has a large gap of 46 days.

CONCLUSIONS

The difference between actual migrations and resident composition strongly impacts outcomes of epidemiological forecasts, which typically assume that flows represent underlying demographics. Our findings imply that it is necessary to measure and quantify the inherent biases related to nonrepresentativeness for accurate epidemiological surveillance and forecasting.