bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of practicing sports and physical activities on life quality level among a sample of master’s students after the Corona pandemic
Authors: Djerioui Makhlouf , Laidi Abderrahim , Lebchiri Ahmed
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aim. Research has shown that practicing sports and physical activities positively influences the quality of life level for master’s students. This research aims to identify the standard levels of life quality among master’s students practicing physical activities after the Corona pandemic.
Material and Methods. This study adopted a descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of 90 master’s students from the Physical Education and Sports department. Among them, 45 students specialized in a collective sport (basketball), and the other 45 specialized in an individual combat sport (judo). To measure the level of life quality, we utilized the Quality of Life Scale as the designated instrument.
Results. The study's findings revealed a high level of quality of life among master’s students engaging in sport activities. Moreover, significant differences were observed in the quality of life based on the type of sports specialization, between collective and individual sports. This suggests that engaging in sports activities positively impacts the quality of life. Specifically, students from the judo group exhibited a higher quality of life level compared to those in the basketball group.
Conclusions. These findings suggest the potential of tailored physical activity programs, especially those focusing on individual sports, to enhance life quality among master’s students. This research contributes to the growing body of evidence advocating for the integration of physical activities into educational curricula to support students' overall well-being.
Effect of mat pilates training program on functional fitness in older adults
Authors: Borah Poli , Hussain Ikram , Gogoi Lakshyajit , Govindasamy Karuppasamy , Sarkar Surojit , Elayaraja Masilamani , Balaji Ethiraj , Gogoi Hemantajit
Published: February 2024

Background and Study Aim. The increasing recognition of pilates as a comprehensive exercise regimen tailored to the needs of the elderly population underscores its growing importance. This shift in emphasis reflects a growing awareness of the potential benefits of pilates for older adults' overall well-being. Study Aim - to investigate the potential benefits of a six-week mat pilates training (MPT) program on the functional fitness of older adults.
Material and Methods. In total, a group of 30 elderly individuals (i.e., NMale=18 and NFemale=12), who regularly frequented a local playground, participated in a quasi-experimental study. The study involved pre-test and post-test assessments and was conducted over a period of six weeks. Participants underwent an MPT program (six days a week for six weeks, 60 minutes per session). Were assessed for various functional fitness parameters: lower-body strength (LBS), upper-body strength (UBS), aerobic endurance (AE), lower-body flexibility (LBF), upper-body flexibility (UBF), agility (AG), and Body Mass Index (BMI). A paired-sample t-test was used for statistical analysis.
Results. The MPT resulted in significant (p<0.001) improvement in LBS (9.71%), UBS (8.33%), AE (7.11%), LBF (13.48%), UBF (98.78%) and AG (10.52%) post-intervention. However, no significant change was noted in the BMI.
Conclusions. A MPT program significantly enhances various dimensions of functional fitness in older adults, excluding BMI. The study results have profound implications for older individuals’ well-being and quality of life. Given the global trend towards an ageing population, pilates emerges as an essential intervention for promoting active ageing, potentially improving daily functioning, reducing fall risk, and enhancing independence in the elderly.
Patients in pain
Authors: Timmermans Stefan , Stivers Tanya , Cox Keith , McArthur Amanda
Published: February 2024

Communication research on medical interaction has made inroads into how patients shape treatment outcomes as well as how physician presentation of treatment can shape patient acceptance or resistance. Pain is the number one reason patients visit primary care physicians. The overprescription of opioids for chronic pain remains a major public health problem in the US and constitutes a risk factor for opioid addiction. In this study, we investigated how primary care physicians communicate recommendations for alternatives to opioid treatments for patients with self-reported moderate to serious chronic musculoskeletal pain and examined the relationship between communication strategies and patient resistance to non-opioid treatment recommendations. We relied on a convenience sample of 35 video recorded visits in which musculoskeletal pain was reported as moderate to severe (or over 5 on the pain scale). Using a combined approach of abductive analysis, conversation analysis and descriptive statistics, we show that physicians are less likely to face patient resistance when they frame their non-opioid pain treatment recommendation as novel and present the treatment as concrete and tailored to the patient's problem.
Turning Point
Authors: Lyon Phil
Published: February 2024

Although Xavier Marcel Boulestin (1878–1943) never trained as a chef, he was frequently described as one. He was also known as an epicure, ‘that eminent expert’, ‘the well-known authority on French cookery’, ‘that very distinguished culinary expert’, a restaurateur, even ‘the world’s greatest cookery expert’. How a middle-aged man – he was forty-two at the start of the 1920s – acquired and embedded this formidable culinary reputation in less than a decade would be noteworthy in modern times but was extraordinary a hundred years ago. This paper attempts to account for this.
Kavacik Pazar
Authors: Iddison Phil
Published: February 2024

This paper recounts the author's visits to a village market in Turkey during the 1980s.
The Persianate World's Heavenly Fruit
Authors: Mehravari Nader
Published: February 2024

The essay explores the importance of the pomegranate in the Persianate world with some recipes.
Marc Meltonville: The Tavern Cook: Eighteenth Century Dining through the Recipes of Richard Briggs
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: February 2024

Marc Meltonville: The Tavern Cook: Eighteenth Century Dining through the Recipes of Richard Briggs: Prospect Books, March 2023: 256 pp., paperback, £15.00.
Bryce Evans: Feeding the People in Wartime Britain
Authors: Hayward Vicky
Published: February 2024

Bryce Evans: Feeding the People in Wartime Britain: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022: 194 pp., hardback, £85.00.
Ha-Joon Chang: Edible Economics: A Hungry Economist Explains the World
Authors: Wilkins John
Published: February 2024

Ha-Joon Chang: Edible Economics: A Hungry Economist Explains the World: Allen Lane, 2022: 224 pp., hardback, £20.00.
Vertical bearing capacity of spun precast concrete piles in liquefiable soil: a case study
Authors: Farzana Kh Afia , Ahmed Khondaker Sakil , Ahmed Mohiuddin , Ansary Mehedi Ahmed , Abedin Md Zoynul
Published: February 2024

Spun precast prestressed concrete (SPC) piles have been used in many parts of the world as a viable foundation alternative. This study assessed the load-carrying capacity of SPC piles passing through a deep soft subsoil layer and resting on a dense sand layer. The vertical bearing capacity of an SPC pile was estimated using various analytical methods and static pile load tests for the Jolshiri area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The liquefaction potential of the site was assessed using local seismic site conditions and field and laboratory test data. The liquefaction analysis suggested that the topsoil layer was liquefiable to a depth of 4.5 m. The capacity obtained from the load test was compared with those obtained from different methods, the ultimate push-in load and local design guidelines. Finite-element analysied (FEA) was performed considering the hardening soil model using the Plaxis 3D software to simulate field conditions. The load–settlement response obtained from FEA showed good agreement with the test results. The capacity examinations primarily suggested that SPC piles could be a viable foundation solution for the subsoil conditions of the Jolshiri Abashon area of Dhaka.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF APPLICATION OF PROBLEMS WITH PRACTICAL CONTENT IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS
Authors:   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev, Kojalieva Darikha , Turgunbayeva Tabura ,   Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabayev
Published: February 2024

The article reveals the principles of application of tasks with practical content in the process of teaching mathematics. Definitions of such concepts as applied orientation of training, applied task are given. It is concluded that applied tasks in the process of teaching mathematics play a primary role. They can be used for different didactic purposes. The formulation of questions of practical significance in the process of teaching mathematics should change depending on the expansion of human activity, the development of mathematical theory, and new information technologies. The constant combination and connection of theory and practice in teaching mathematics increases students ' interest in mathematics and increases creative activity. Requirements are also specified when developing practical questions.
THE BENEFITS OF INTEGRATED TEACHING OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES
Authors:   Osh State University, Murzabaev Kochkonbai , Kaldybaev Salidin ,   "Ala-Too" International University
Published: February 2024

At the present time, acquiring knowledge about the real reality is acquiring special relevance not through separate training, but through integrated training. In this case, the student's knowledge becomes complete, and the concepts of reality are integral. International studies PISA and TIMSS are also aimed at assessing the versatile knowledge of the student. The article highlights the positive aspects of integrated teaching of mathematics with other subjects. Integrated learning can be described as a continuation of the concept of the Soviet education system on interdisciplinary communication. However, integrated learning is fundamentally different. The relevance of integrated learning lies in a more complete knowledge of reality with the help of school subjects.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT: POTENTIAL AND COMPETENCE OF THE FIELD OF POSTGRADUATE AND CONTINUING EDUCATION
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Post-Graduate Training and Continuous Education named after S. B. Daniyarov, Niyazova Salima , Mamakeev Kanat , Abdrasulov Maisalbek ,   Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Post-Graduate Training and Continuous Education named after S. B. Daniyarov
Published: February 2024

Education Management Potential and Competency in Postgraduate Education The abstract should be an educational-scientific-clinical complex, representing triad of goals: a) to provide graduates with fundamental and practical system knowledge, abilities, skills, to form research skills at graduates of universities, to obtain new high-level technical knowledge b) to form skills to develop and implement for graduates innovative technologies c) ensure a high level of professional competence, self-organization and smoother development.
RESEARCH OF THE METHODS OF TEACHING LITERARY READING IN THE ELEMENTARY CLASS
Authors:   Jalal-Abad State University, Sakieva Sayipjamal , Raimkul kyzy Aizhamal ,   Jalal-Abad State University
Published: February 2024

The content of the article is devoted to the formation of teaching reading in primary school. General information about the first textbooks, textbooks compiled by I. Arabaev, S. Namatov, K. Tynystanov, who contributed to the formation of this science. Sultan Turusbekov is more widely represented, who left his deep and meaningful work on the study of this science in Kyrgyz classes. The structure, model, content of the scientist's proposed works on explanatory training were discussed, and the role of the scientist's work in teaching them was analyzed.
Lise Öğrencilerinin Okul Psikolojik Danışmanlığı ve Rehberlik Servisi Bakış Açıları Üzerine Metaforik Bir İnceleme
Authors: AKYIL Yusuf
Published: February 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı lisede eğitim gören öğrencilerin okul psikolojik danışmanlığı ve rehberlik servisi kavramına ilişkin bakış açılarının metafor analizi yöntemiyle incelenmesidir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden metafor analizi araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi grubu 64’ü kız 36’sı erkek toplamda 100 11. sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Verileri toplamak için öğrencilerin okul psikolojik danışmanlığı ve rehberlik servisi kavramına ilişkin sâhip oldukları zihnî imgeleri (metaforları) belirlemek için “Okul psikolojik danışmanlığı ve rehberlik servisi ….... gibidir; çünkü ........” cümlesindeki boşlukları doldurmaları istenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre öğrencilerin yazdıklarından hareketle toplam 100 adet metafor oluşturulmuş, geçerliliğine bakıldığında ise 100 metafordan 28’i kabul görmüştür. Özellikleri bakımından bu metaforlar ortak 4 farklı kavramsal kategori altında toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin okul psikolojik danışmanlığı ve rehberlik servisine yönelik belirttikleri metaforların büyük oranda olumlu bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Kızların ya da erkeklerin okul psikolojik danışmanlığı ve rehberlik servisi ilgili bakış açılarında herhangi bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Elde edilen bulgular benzer çalışmalar ile tartışılarak çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Development of a Medical Humanities Course Based on Design Thinking and Medical Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Rho Jaehee , Lee Aehwa
Published: February 2024

Amid the increasing interest in medical humanities education, this study developed a medical humanities course that utilized design thinking to foster creative thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration skills that pre-medical students should possess. The course’s efficacy was assessed by evaluating improvements in core design thinking skills. The present study was conducted among 83 first-year medical students after planning and implementing a design thinking course. The reflection journals written by students along the course of the class were examined using the template analysis technique to evaluate the effectiveness of the class. The study’s primary findings showed the successful development of step-by-step medical humanities education content utilizing design thinking and its practical implementation in a class. Moreover, the course improved students’ core design thinking skills effectively, and in a balanced way. These results illustrate the effective application of design thinking in medical school through a medical humanities course. These findings indicate that a medical humanities course can help medical students showcase their abilities to collaborate and solve problems in the real world. This paper suggests the need for further research to develop a curriculum that integrates design thinking and investigate the relationship between medical students’ core competencies and design thinking-based courses.
Study Protocol: Using Video Testimonials as a School-Based Social Marketing Intervention in Adolescent Smoking Cessation Programs v1
Authors: Eko Fitrianto Mohammad , Swastha Dharmmesta Basu , Maria Purwanto Bernardinus
Published: February 2024

This protocol study intended to describe the examination process of emotion-based study and interpersonal relationship in context of adolescent smoking. We designed a school-based smoking cessation program as a social marketing intervention tool to influence high-school student behavior using a testimonial video. We stimulate participant empathy with hypothetical scenario to observe their reaction to the stimulus. Two main independent variables in this study are salience of need and attachment style. Experimental design in this study using 2 × 2 factorial design, with one control condition. Procedures start with participants were shown a testimonial video of an adolescent suffering due to smoking, and ended by asking the participants to imagine if such consequences were happening to their own peers. Video testimony was recorded in a high-definition format (full HD 1080p/60fps) using a Sony Alpha 6000. Video editing was performed using Camtasia Studio 2019 in mp4 format. The potential implications of this research suggest that schools, as organizations, can utilize a multimedia approach (e.g., video testimonials) to design comprehensive social marketing programs focused on peer relationships.
Odor Threshold v1
Authors: not provided sdwalto , Kordower Jeffrey , not provided Bryan_Killinger
Published: February 2024

Odor threshold optimized for mice. This test was made to test short term olfactory memory. Mice with olfactory impairment or deficits should score lower.
Sample homogenization and DNA extraction for bulk insect catches v1
Authors: not provided nannie.persson , Johansson Håkan , Iwaszkiewicz-Eggebrecht Ela , Miraldo Andreia
Published: February 2024

Here we describe a protocol to homogenize and extract DNA for bulk insect catches collected via Malaise traps. By following this protocol you will homogenize the entire catch into an insect soup followed by digestion of the entire insect soup with lysis buffer and proteinase K. After DNA lysis, an aliquot of the homogenate is purified using magnetic beads. The DNA obtained can then be used to amplify target genes for metabarcoding purposes. This protocol assumes you have bulk insect samples that have been drained of ethanol and for which you have recorded the wet biomass of each individual sample. You can obtain that by following steps 1 to 9 from FAVIS protocol: https://www.protocols.io/view/favis-fast-and-versatile-protocol-for-metabarcodin-kqdg36261g25/v2. We have used this protocol to extract DNA from 870 bulk insect samples from the Insect Biome Atlas project (www.insectbiomeatlas.org) that had first been subjected to DNA extraction following the mild lysis FAVIS protocol. To make sure we use all available DNA from each catch we combine the insect soup obtained in this protocol with the lysate obtained from the FAVIS protocol before proceeding with DNA purification with magnetic beads (optional section 4 of this protocol).
PONE-D-23-30545 Stata codes v1
Authors: Chen Fengming , Nakanishi Hayato , Sekizawa Yoichi , Ochi Sae , So Mirai
Published: February 2024

Fig1. RD plot of the probability of receiving the vaccine twice. Table 2. Estimation Results of the Regression Discontinuity Design on Outcomes. S3 Table. Estimation Result of the Effect of Eligibility on Vaccination Rates (Twice). S4 Table. Estimation Results of the Effect of Eligibility on Vaccination Rates (Treatment: At Least Once). S5 Table. Estimation Results of Regression Discontinuity Design on Outcomes(Treatment: At Least Once). S6 Table. Estimation Results of Regression Discontinuity Design on Outcomes (the First Survey Round). S1 Fig. Distribution of birth months.
Accomplices to Social Exclusion? Analyzing Institutional Processes of Silencing
Authors: Mitchell-Bajic Emily , Vieten Ulrike M.
Published: February 2024

The editorial notes contextualize the theme of “silencing” and processes of un‐silencing before briefly outlining the central arguments of the different contributions assembled in this thematic issue.
Use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine: a review
Authors: Sadykov Mukhtar B. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Bakhteev Dmitry V. , Kaziyeva Assel N. , Khussainov Oleg B.
Published: February 2024

This article outlines some aspects of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine.
An overview of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination is provided, as well as a definition of the ethical and legal issues of integrating artificial intelligence and human chipping into forensic medical examination.
This article discusses the work of scientists of Kazakhstan and foreign countries aimed at studying the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination. Notably, the greatest application of artificial intelligence systems at this stage of development of science and technology has been found in forensic psychiatry. We noted the lack of research on the use of human microchipping for forensic purposes. In general, studies addressing the synergy between artificial intelligence and human chipping for use in forensic medicine and the legal and ethical aspects of their use in this area are limited.
Considering the generalization of scientific works and analysis of domestic and foreign experience on the issue, we present the ethical and legal aspects of the integration of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine. Owing to the lack of sufficient sources in modern scientific literature devoted to the integrated use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic examination as a whole, a SWOT analysis was conducted, which showed that these technologies have some advantages and opportunities regarding efficiency and accuracy.
Based on a study of the literature and practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping have been identified, which can be divided into several key areas: confidentiality and data security, informed consent, ownership, and control.
Furthermore, based on the literature and the practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping were identified, which can be divided into several key areas: respect for autonomy, confidentiality and ethics of data processing, lack of harm, and informed consent.
Criminalistic aspects of torture using an artificial intelligence system: a review
Authors: Chonbayev Yerbol G. , Begaliyev Yernar N. , Kuanaliyeva Guldana A. , Imashev Berik M. , Avgustkhan Syrym A.
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the use of artificial intelligence to identify violations and deficiencies in forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies and chipping employees of criminal prosecution agencies to prevent illegal investigative methods, including torture.
The legislation of foreign countries regulating the procedures for conducting medical research and investigating cases of torture is considered.
Regarding obtaining high-quality materials for examining the scene of an accident and using their results during a forensic medical study, the authors proposed a modular kit for recording the results of an inspection of the scene (utility model patent dated August 4, 2023).
This study proposed a procedure for using artificial intelligence to improve the quality of work of criminal prosecution bodies and forensic institutions. A SWOT analysis of the use of artificial intelligence to improve the quality of law enforcement agencies and forensic institutions was conducted. Based on the results, the positive and negative aspects of the use of artificial intelligence were determined.
Based on the analysis of the national mechanism for conducting forensic research, proposals have been developed to improve the work of investigators and forensic experts.
Impact of provincial competitiveness index (PCI) on economic development in the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Thi Bao , Duy Nguyen Vu
Published: February 2024

The development of an economy is significant since it has far-reaching implications for several industries. Particularly, the income levels of inhabitants in crucial locations must reach a specific threshold for an economy to flourish effectively. To achieve this goal, it is vital to determine the factors that affect economic development. A significant aspect that can improve people's living standards is enhanced competitiveness. Therefore, this study employs the generalized ordinary least squares (GLS) method to examine the provincial competitiveness index (PCI) on economic development as measured by per capita income in the Red River Delta of Vietnam. The panel data of eleven Red River Delta provinces from 2010 to 2021 was studied. The results indicate that the provincial competitiveness index has a beneficial impact on economic growth and contributes to an increase in the income levels of the populace. The study also shows that labor literacy rate and trade openness also contribute to economic development while labor growth rate inhibits long-term economic development. Governments need to analyze indicators to find solutions to improve national competitiveness. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to the business environment, apply technology in handling administrative procedures and have policies to support business capital creation for domestic enterprises.
Reducing the provincial poverty rate in Indonesia: The impact of local government expenditure
Authors: Nurias Nurias , Johari Sobar M , Muljarijadi Bagja , Wardhana Adhitya
Published: February 2024

This study seeks to examine the effect of local government expenditure on the improvement of provincial welfare in Indonesia. It is necessary to increase public capital such as basic infrastructure and public facilities, as well as to improve public services such as health, education, and social protection. Based on previous studies, research on government spending on poverty has a significant effect on poverty reduction, but some other studies are not the case, namely government spending has not been significant in reducing poverty and improving welfare. The data used in government expenditure is expenditure based on functions, particularly health, education, and social protection functions in the province, both district/city and provincial government expenditures obtained from the Directorate General of Financial Balance (DJPK), while the provincial poverty rate serves as a proxy for regional welfare. Over the period 2015-2021, the Fixed Effect model using the Generalized Least Square Estimation (GLSE) approach is used to estimate outcomes for 34 provinces in Indonesia. The results indicated that government expenditure on the health sector and education sector had a negative significant influence on reducing the poverty rate, whereas government expenditure on social protection did not. The control factors, such as economic growth, had a negative effect on poverty reduction in Indonesia, whereas the unemployment rate and informal labor in the agricultural sector had positive and significant effects. Government policies, especially government spending, have contributed well to reducing poverty, but the government should pay attention to the integration of spending programs with other programs.
Forecasting the potential output and growth of the manufacturing industry: a case study of Indonesia's manufacturing sector
Authors: Permana Tirta Wisnu , Yudoko Gatot , Prasetio Eko Agus
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is currently experiencing deindustrialization, characterized by a manufacturing industrial sector growth rate lower than the overall economic growth rate. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage the development of the industrial sector to achieve sustainable development. The scenario for industrial development policy is determined based on an evaluation of the country's economic position in relation to current business cycle conditions. The evaluation is carried out through output gap analysis, which refers to the gap between actual and potential output. The research aim is to analyze output potential estimates and gaps in the Indonesian non-oil and gas processing industry sector. The methodology used in this research includes the HP Filter (Hodrick-Prescott), BP Filter (Band-Pass), and the Production Function Approach. The findings show that Indonesia's non-oil and gas processing industry experienced a slight decline below its potential between 2020 and 2021. Therefore, policymakers must consider this; in the short term, inflationary pressures are caused by a positive output gap, so the government needs to prioritize efforts to control inflation. Meanwhile, medium-term structural reforms must continue to increase potential output, including increasing labor force participation, sustainable investment for capital factors, and improving the quality of human resources and technological expertise for productivity factors. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to the adoption of new emerging technologies.
Does migration network matter in driving internal migration in Indonesia?
Authors: Novriawati Erma , Nasrudin Rus'an
Published: February 2024

Migration theory has developed a framework that considers factors influencing migration, including the pursuit of better economic opportunities in the destination area, which is a crucial pull factor. However, the internal migration literature, especially in Indonesia, currently lacks empirical evidence to show the role of migration networks as a mediating element in this mechanism. To address this research gap, we conducted a case study in Indonesia to examine the role of the migration network on the decision process of internal migrants. Our findings show that migration networks matter in driving internal migration with a moderate size effect, implying informational factors beyond those provided by networks also play a crucial role in migration decisions. These results indicate the importance of exploring additional avenues to enhance the positive impact of migration networks, such as creating designated social media applications to facilitate connections among potential migrants or exploring alternative means of meaningful engagement. Further research should examine the efficacy of such interventions and their potential to augment the influence of migration networks on migration decisions.
Smart Farming Using Robots in IoT to Increase Agriculture Yields: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Widianto Mochammad Haldi , Juarto Budi
Published: February 2024

Robots are beneficial in everyday life, especially in helping food security in the agricultural industry. Smart farming alone is not enough because smart farming is only automated without mobile hardware. The existence of robots can minimize human involvement in agriculture so that humans can maximize activities outside of farms. This Study aims to review articles regarding robots in smart farming to increase agriclture yields. This article systematically uses the systematic literature review method utilizing the Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) by submitting 3 Research Questions (RQ). According to the authors of the 3 RQs, it is necessary to represent the function and purpose of robots in farms and to be used in the context of the importance of robots in agriculture because of the potential impact of increase agriculture yields. This Research contributes to finding and answering 3 RQ, which are the roots of the use of robots. The results taken, the authors get 116 articles that can be reviewed and answered RQ and achieve goals. RQ 1 was responded to with the article's country of origin, research criteria, and the year of the article. In RQ 2 the author answered that Research often carried out 6 schemes, then the most Research was (Challenge Robots, Ethics, and Opinions in Agriculture) and (Design, Planning, and Robotic Systems in Agriculture). Finally, in RQ 3, the author describes the research scheme based on understanding related Research. The author hopes this basic scheme can be a benchmark or a new direction for future researchers and related agricultural industries to improve agricultural quality.
ROS-based Controller for a Two-Wheeled Self-Balancing Robot
Authors: Díaz-Téllez Juan , García-Ramírez Ruben Senen , Pérez-Pérez Jairo , Estevez-Carreón Jaime , Carreón-Rosales Miguel Angel
Published: February 2024

In this article, a controller based on a Robot Operating System (ROS) for a two-wheeled self-balancing robot is designed. The proposed ROS architecture is open, allowing the integration of different sensors, actuators, and processing units. The low-cost robot was designed for educational purposes. It used an ESP32 microcontroller as the central unit, an MPU6050 Inertial Measurement Unit sensor, DC motors with encoders, and an L298N integrated circuit as a power stage. The mathematical model is analyzed through Newton-Euler and linearized around an equilibrium point. The control objective is to self-balance the robot to the vertical axis in the presence of disturbances. The proposed control is based on a bounded saturation, which is lightweight and easy to implement in embedded systems with low computational resources. Experimental results are performed in real-time under regulation, conditions far from the equilibrium point, and rejection of external disturbances. The results show a good performance, thus validating the mechanical design, the embedded system, and the control scheme. The proposed ROS architecture allows the incorporation of different modules, such as mapping, autonomous navigation, and manipulation, which contribute to studying robotics, control, and embedded systems.
Analysis of ANN and Fuzzy Logic Dynamic Modelling to Control the Wrist Exoskeleton
Authors: Karis Mohd Safirin , Kasdirin Hyreil Anuar , Abas Norafizah , Saad Wira Hidayat Mohd , Zainudin Muhammad Noorazlan Shah , Ali Nursabilillah Mohd , Aras Mohd Shahrieel Mohd
Published: February 2024

Human intention has long been a primary emphasis in the field of electromyography (EMG) research. This being considered, the movement of the exoskeleton hand can be accurately predicted based on the user's preferences. The EMG is a nonlinear signal formed by muscle contractions as the human hand moves and easily captured noise signal from its surroundings. Due to this fact, this study aims to estimate wrist desired velocity based on EMG signals using ANN and FL mapping methods. The output was derived using EMG signals and wrist position were directly proportional to control wrist desired velocity. Ten male subjects, ranging in age from 21 to 40, supplied EMG signal data set used for estimating the output in single and double muscles experiments. To validate the performance, a physical model of an exoskeleton hand was created using Sim-mechanics program tool. The ANN used Levenberg training method with 1 hidden layer and 10 neurons, while FL used a triangular membership function to represent muscles contraction signals amplitude at different MVC levels for each wrist position. As a result, PID was substituted to compensate fluctuation of mapping outputs, resulting in a smoother signal reading while improving the estimation of wrist desired velocity performance. As a conclusion, ANN compensates for complex nonlinear input to estimate output, but it works best with large data sets. FL allowed designers to design rules based on their knowledge, but the system will struggle due to the large number of inputs. Based on the results achieved, FL was able to show a distinct separation of wrist desired velocity hand movement when compared to ANN for similar testing datasets due to the decision making based on rules setting setup by the designer.
Optimization of an Autonomous Mobile Robot Path Planning Based on Improved Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Abu N. S. , Bukhari W. M. , Adli M. H. , Ma’arif Alfian
Published: February 2024

Mobile robots are intended to operate in a variety of environments, and they need to be able to navigate and travel around obstacles, such as objects and barriers. In order to guarantee that the robot will not come into contact with any obstacles or other objects during its movement, algorithms for path planning have been demonstrated. The basic goal while constructing a route is to find the fastest and smoothest route between the starting point and the destination. This article describes route planning using the improvised genetic algorithm with the Bezier Curve (GA-BZ). This study carried out two main experiments, each using a 20x20 random grid map model with varying percentages of obstacles (5%, 15%, and 30% in the first experiment, and 25% and 50% in the second). In the initial experiments, the population (PN), generation (GN), and mutation rate (MR) of genetic algorithms (GA) will be altered to the following values: (PN = 100, 125, 150, or 200; GN = 100, 125, 150; and MR = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) respectively. The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of AMR in terms of travel distance (m), total time (s), and total cost (RM) in comparison to traditional GA and GA-BZ. The second experiment examined robot performance utilising GA, GA-BZ, Simulated Annealing (SA), A-Star (A*), and Dijkstra's Algorithms (DA) for path distance (m), time travel (s), and fare trip (RM). The simulation results are analysed, compared, and explained. In conclusion, the project is summarised.
Intelligent Hardware-Software Processing of High-Frequency Scanning Data
Authors: Mukanova Zhanna , Atanov Sabyrzhan , Jamshidi Mohammad
Published: February 2024

The constant emission of polluting gases is causing an urgent need for timely detection of harmful gas mixtures in the atmosphere. A method and algorithm of the determining spectral composition of gas with a gas analyzer using an artificial neural network (ANN) were suggested in the article. A small closed gas dynamic system was designed and used as an experimental bench for collecting and quantifying gas concentrations for testing the proposed method. This device was based on AS7265x and BMP180 sensors connected in parallel to a 3.3 V compatible Arduino Uno board via QWIIC. Experimental tests were conducted with air from the laboratory room, carbon dioxide (CO2), and a mixture of pure oxygen (O2) with nitrogen (N2) in a 9:1 ratio. Three ANNs with one input, one hidden and one output layer were built. The ANN had 5, 10, and 20 hidden neurons, respectively. The dataset was divided into three parts: 70% for training, 15% for validation, and 15% for testing. The mean square error (MSE) error and regression were analyzed during training. Training, testing, and validation error analysis were performed to find the optimal iteration, and the MSE versus training iteration was plotted. The best indicators of training and construction were shown by the ANN with 5 (five) hidden layers, and 16 iterations are enough to train, test and verify this neural network. To test the obtained neural network, the program code was written in the MATLAB. The proposed scheme of the gas analyzer is operable and has a high accuracy of gas detection with a given error of 3%. The results of the study can be used in the development of an industrial gas analyzer for the detection of harmful gas mixtures.
A Novel Hybrid Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm - Marine Predator Algorithm for Tuning Parameters Power System Stabilizer
Authors: Aribowo Widi , Rohman Miftahur , Baskoro Farid , Harimurti Rina , Yamasari Yuni , Yustanti Wiyli
Published: February 2024

The article presents the parameter tuning of the Power System Stabilizer (PSS) using the hybrid method. The hybrid methods proposed in this article are Praire Dog Optimization (PDO) and Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA). The proposed method can be called PDOMPA. In the PDOMPA method, the marine predator algorithm (MPA) is able to search around optimal individuals when updating population positions. MPA is used to make the exploration and exploitation stages of PDO more valid and accurate. PDO is an algorithm inspired by the life of prairie dogs. Prairie dogs are adapted to colonizing in burrows underground. Prairie dogs have daily habits of eating, observing for predators, establishing fresh burrows, or preserving existing ones. Meanwhile, MPA is a duplication of marine predator life which is modeled mathematically. In order to validate the performance of the PDOMPA method, this article presents a comparative simulation of the objective function and the transient response of PSS. This research uses validation by comparing with conventional methods, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), Marine Predator Algorithm (MPA), and Praire Dog Optimization (PDO). Based on the simulation results, PDOMPA presents fast convergence in some cases and shows optimal results compared to competitive algorithms. From the simulation results using load variations, it was found that the proposed method has the ability to reduce the average undershoot and overshoot of speed by 42.2% and 85.37% compared to the PSS-Lead Lag method. Meanwhile the average settling time value of speed is 50.7%.
Application of Machine Learning in Healthcare and Medicine: A Review
Authors: Furizal Furizal , Ma'arif Alfian , Rifaldi Dianda
Published: February 2024

This extensive literature review investigates the integration of Machine Learning (ML) into the healthcare sector, uncovering its potential, challenges, and strategic resolutions. The main objective is to comprehensively explore how ML is incorporated into medical practices, demonstrate its impact, and provide relevant solutions. The research motivation stems from the necessity to comprehend the convergence of ML and healthcare services, given its intricate implications. Through meticulous analysis of existing research, this method elucidates the broad spectrum of ML applications in disease prediction and personalized treatment. The research's precision lies in dissecting methodologies, scrutinizing studies, and extrapolating critical insights. The article establishes that ML has succeeded in various aspects of medical care. In certain studies, ML algorithms, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have achieved high accuracy in diagnosing diseases such as lung cancer, colorectal cancer, brain tumors, and breast tumors. Apart from CNNs, other algorithms like SVM, RF, k-NN, and DT have also proven effective. Evaluations based on accuracy and F1-score indicate satisfactory results, with some studies exceeding 90% accuracy. This principal finding underscores the impressive accuracy of ML algorithms in diagnosing diverse medical conditions. This outcome signifies the transformative potential of ML in reshaping conventional diagnostic techniques. Discussions revolve around challenges like data quality, security risks, potential misinterpretations, and obstacles in integrating ML into clinical realms. To mitigate these, multifaceted solutions are proposed, encompassing standardized data formats, robust encryption, model interpretation, clinician training, and stakeholder collaboration.
Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Safety and Security System for Vehicles Based on GSM Communication and IoT Network for Real-Time Tracking
Authors: Marhoon Hamzah M. , Alanssari Ali Ihsan , Basil Noorulden
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the surge in car theft cases, often linked to illicit activities, has become a growing concern. Simultaneously, countries grappling with oil shortages have shifted towards converting vehicles to run on liquid propane gas, presenting new safety challenges for car owners. This paper introduces a novel integrated intelligent system designed to address the challenges of car theft and safety concerns associated with gas-based vehicles. By seamlessly integrating these concerns into a single system, it aims to achieve significantly improved performance compared to traditional alarm systems. The proposed system consists of three primary parts: the car security subsystem, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based real-time car tracking subsystem, and the car safety subsystem. Utilizing key technologies such as the Arduino Microcontroller, Bluetooth module, vibration sensor, keypad, solenoid lock, GSM module, NodeMCU microcontroller, GPS module, MQ-4 gas sensor, flame sensor, temperature sensor, and Bluetooth module, the system aims to provide a comprehensive solution for the mentioned issues. Furthermore, the vibration sensor plays a crucial role in identifying unauthorized vehicle operations. Its significance lies in detecting the vibrations emanating from the running engine. Concurrently, other modules and sensors are utilized for real-time tracking and enhancing vehicle safety. These measures include safeguarding against incidents like fire outbreaks or gas leaks within the gas container. Finally, after assembling the system, a practical test was conducted, yielding favourable performance results. This paper describes a meaningful step towards improving the protection and safety for the cars, simultaneously addressing the stealing prevention and gas-related accident alleviation.
Prevalence of fetomaternal outcome with advanced maternal age in Lebanon
Authors: Tachdjian Annie , Daoud Jennifer , Al Hasssan Jihad , Al Hajj Nagi , Moussa Mohamad , Azzi Beirut Joelle , Ghazal Kariman
Published: February 2024

Background: Maternal age affects risk, varying with mother's parity. This study aimed to investigate advanced maternal age (35-39 and ≥40) and its impact on fetomaternal outcomes in Lebanese women.
Methods: A retrospective review of 300 charts from Lebanese women who had vaginal/cesarean deliveries between 1999-2019. Categorization: under 35 (61%), 35-39 (25%), ≥40 (14%). Analysis via SPSS v23.
Results: Age range 17-50, average 32.31±6.72 years. Normal conception highest in under 35 (96.7%); highest IVF rate in ≥40 (26.2%). Multiparity frequent in ≥40. Fetal complications most common in ≥40 (50%). Maternal complications peak in ≥40 (57.1%).
Conclusions: Advanced maternal age significantly impacts mother and fetus, requiring comprehensive care throughout pregnancy.
A study on analysis of caesarean section indications using Robson’s ten group classification system
Authors: Arora Mamta , Chandanan Ani , Kotwal Ankush Singh , Garhwal Priya
Published: February 2024

Background: Over the past decades, there has been a steady rise in the rate of caesarean delivery. Although not well understood, multiple factors have contributed to this uptrend. The goal of cesarean delivery is to avoid the complications that might develop after vaginal delivery. However, this major surgery is not without significant impact on maternal and fetal outcomes. Maternal complications include the increased risk of post-partum hemorrhage, risk of hysterectomy, infection and deep venous thrombosis besides longer hospital stay.
Methods: This was retrospective observational study done in the department obstetrics and gynecology at T. S. Misra medical College for a duration of 18 months from December 2021 to May 2023. It included all patients who underwent caesarean section.
Results: In our study maximum patients were in group 10(30.2%) according to Robsons classification followed by group 5 (20.9%).
Conclusions: In conclusion, the rate of caesarean delivery is trending up and this has contributed to significant medical, social and financial impacts in the involved families. The most common indication for CS is previous CS. Therefore, the rate of CS can be controlled if CS is done in primigravidae with the genuine indication.