bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of COVID-19-related service disruptions on TB incidence and deaths in Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Malawi, Mozambique, and Peru: Implications for national TB responses
Authors: Martin-Hughes Rowan , Vu Lung , Cheikh Nejma , Kelly Sherrie L. , Fraser-Hurt Nicole , Shubber Zara , Manhiça Ivan , Mbendera Kuzani , Girma Belaineh , Pambudi Imran , Ríos Julia , Elmira Abdrahmanova , Harimurti Pandu , Hafez Reem , Garcia Jaime Nicolas Bayona , Palmer Tom , Roberts Anna , Gorgens Marelize , Wilson David
Published: March 2022

Initial global-level estimates reported in June 2020 by the World Health Organization suggested that levels of disruption to TB service delivery could be as high as 25%-50% and result in an additional 6·3 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) and an additional 1·4 million TB-related deaths attributable to COVID-19 between 2020 and 2025. Quarterly epidemiological estimates and programmatic TB data capturing disruption levels to each TB service were collected by National TB Programmes in Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Malawi, Mozambique, and Peru. Data from 2019, for a pre-COVID-19 baseline, and throughout 2020, together with the NTP’s COVID-19 response plans, were used within Optima TB models to project TB incidence and deaths over five years because of COVID-19-related disruptions, and the extent to which those impacts may be mitigated through proposed catch-up strategies in each country. Countries reported disruptions of up to 64% to demand-driven TB diagnosis. However, TB service availability disruptions were shorter and less severe, with TB treatment experiencing levels of disruption of up to 21%. We predicted that under the worse-case scenario cumulative new latent TB infections, new active TB infections, and TB-related deaths could increase by up to 23%, 11%, and 20%, respectively, by 2024. However, three of the five countries were on track to mitigate these increases to 3% or less by maintaining TB services in 2021 and 2022 and by implementing proposed catch-up strategies. Indonesia was already experiencing the worse-case scenario, which could lead to 270,000 additional active TB infections and 36,000 additional TB-related deaths by the end of 2024. The COVID-19 pandemic is projected to negatively affect progress towards 2035 End TB targets, especially in countries already off-track. Findings highlight both successful TB service delivery adaptions in 2020 and the need to proactively maintain TB service availability despite potential future waves of more transmissible COVID-19 variants.
Non-destructive comparative evaluation of fossil amber using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Barden Phillip , Sosiak Christine E. , Grajales Jonpierre , Hawkins John , Rizzo Louis , Clark Alexander , Gatley Samuel , Gatley Ian , Federici John
Published: March 2022

Fossilized plant resins, or ambers, offer a unique paleontological window into the history of life. A natural polymer, amber can preserve aspects of ancient environments, including whole organisms, for tens or even hundreds of millions of years. While most amber research involves imaging with visual light, other spectra are increasingly used to characterize both organismal inclusions as well as amber matrix. Terahertz (THz) radiation, which occupies the electromagnetic band between microwave and infrared light wavelengths, is non-ionizing and frequently used in polymer spectroscopy. Here, we evaluate the utility of amber terahertz spectroscopy in a comparative setting for the first time by analyzing the terahertz optical properties of samples from 10 fossil deposits ranging in age from the Miocene to the Early Cretaceous. We recover no clear relationships between amber age or botanical source and terahertz permittivity; however, we do find apparent deposit-specific permittivity among transparent amber samples. By comparing the suitability of multiple permittivity models across sample data we find that models with a distribution of dielectric relaxation times best describe the spectral permittivity of amber. We also demonstrate a process for imaging amber inclusions using terahertz transmission and find that terahertz spectroscopy can be used to identify some synthetic amber forgeries.
Leaving the labor market: Exit routes, personality traits and well-being
Authors: Kesavayuth Dusanee , Rosenman Robert E. , Zikos Vasileios
Published: March 2022

In this paper we examine the buffering effects of personality traits when people leave their work in later life. Using large-scale panel data for the UK, we show that depending on the exit route and satisfaction related to overall life and the domains of income and leisure, different personality traits act as moderators. Besides augmenting leisure satisfaction for those who hit mandatory retirement, conscientiousness augments life satisfaction for those becoming unemployed. On the contrary, extraversion mitigates satisfaction with life, income, and leisure for those who retire early. This may be an indication that extraverted individuals who tend to be sociable and outgoing may suffer when losing social relationships from their work. At the same time, extraversion may be helpful in augmenting leisure satisfaction for those who stop working for reasons related to ill health or family care. Neuroticism augments income satisfaction for those who become unemployed, which may reflect that people high in neuroticism had a lower “baseline level” of income satisfaction relative to typical individuals so they were not affected as much. Finally, agreeableness mitigates life and leisure satisfaction for those hitting mandatory retirement, as is also the case with openness in terms of income satisfaction.
Barriers of West African women scientists in their research and academic careers: A qualitative research
Authors: Sougou Ndèye Marème , Ndiaye Oumy , Nabil Farah , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Sarr Samba Cor , Mbaye Elhadji M. , Martínez-Pérez Guillermo Z.
Published: March 2022

Objective

This study aims to identify barriers to the professional advancement of women researchers in West Africa.

Methods

This was a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional qualitative study conducted between June and September 2020 in five West African countries (Ghana, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali). Interviews were conducted with 21 female and 9 male health researchers by video call. After transcription, the data was thematically analysed using an inductive process.

Results

Four themes associated with barriers to women’s careers development were identified. First. was family- and environmental-related barriers. Gender norms that assign domestic tasks and responsibilities to women reduced the time they were able to dedicate to research. Second was gender insensitive organisational culture and institutional policies that deepened gender disparities and made it more difficult for women to attain leadership positions. Third was the need for women in research to undergo emancipation programs to strengthen their resilience and ability to make critical decisions as strategic approaches to address the challenges faced by women in the academia were a lot more focused on addressing their relationship with their spouse. Forth, was the individual intermediate perception of professional and personal success which for many women, they perceive themselves as competent as their male counterparts and should not be subject to the gender discrimination they experience.

Conclusion

The web created between work-life and home-life for West African women researchers mainly as a result of the gender inequalities in the social structure will require more medium- and long-term strategic planning by institutional authorities to reduce gender disparities in research and academia. This work has highlighted the influence of family and social life on the professional lives of West African women researchers. The study could help contribute to the development of gender equality interventions for the career development of women researchers in West Africa.
Loneliness during COVID-19: Development and influencing factors
Authors: Lampraki Charikleia , Hoffman Adar , Roquet Angélique , Jopp Daniela S.
Published: March 2022

In early pandemic waves, when vaccination against COVID-19 was not yet an option, distancing and reduced social contact were the most effective measures to slow down the pandemic. Changes in frequency and forms of social contact have reduced the spread of the COVID-19 virus and thus saved lives, yet there is increasing evidence for negative side effects such as mental health issues. In the present study, we investigate the development of loneliness and its predictors to examine the role of changes in social networks due to social distancing and other COVID-19-related life changes. A total of 737 participants (age range = 18–81 years) completed an online survey in three waves during the last quarter of 2020 at one-month intervals. Latent growth and multilevel modeling revealed that emotional loneliness increased over time, while social loneliness remained stable. Moreover, socially lonely individuals were likely to also develop emotional loneliness over time. Increased social distancing and sanitary measures were accompanied by decreased social interactions and loss of individuals considered SOS contacts and confidants. Changes in specific social network indicators were differentially associated with changes in emotional vs social loneliness: Loss of friends considered confidants was associated with increasing emotional loneliness, whereas loss of friends considered SOS contacts and reduced overall social interactions were related to increasing social loneliness. Lastly, individuals with more family-and-friend SOS contacts, more friends as confidants and an overall higher number of social interactions were more protected from feeling socially or emotionally lonely. Study findings enhance the understanding of underlying mechanisms differentially contributing to social and emotional loneliness and offer practical suggestions to reduce mental-health side effects of social distancing.
Efficiency of antioxidant Avenanthramide-C on high-dose methotrexate-induced ototoxicity in mice
Authors: Umugire Alphonse , Choi Youngmi , Lee Sungsu , Cho Hyong-Ho
Published: March 2022

Methotrexate (MTX) has been used in treating various types of cancers but can also cause damage to normal organs and cell types. Folinic acid (FA) is a well-known MTX antidote that protects against toxicity caused by the drug and has been used for decades. Since hearing loss caused by MTX treatment is not well studied, herein we aimed to investigate the efficiency of the antioxidant Avenanthramide-C (AVN-C) on high-dose MTX (HDMTX) toxicity in the ear and provide insights into the possible mechanism involved in MTX-induced hearing loss in normal adult C57Bl/6 mice and HEI-OC1 cells. Our results show that the levels of MTX increased in the serum and perilymph 30 minutes after systemic administration. MTX increased hearing thresholds in mice, whereas AVN-C and FA preserved hearing within the normal range. MTX also caused a decrease in wave I amplitude, while AVN-C and FA maintained it at higher levels. MTX considerably damaged the cochlear synapses and neuronal integrity, and both AVN-C and FA rescued the synapses. MTX reduced the cell viability and increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in HEI-OC1 cells, but AVN-C and FA reversed these changes. Apoptosis- and ROS-related genes were significantly upregulated in MTX-treated HEI-OC1 cells; however, they were downregulated by AVN-C and FA treatment. We show that MTX can cause severe hearing loss; it can cross the blood–labyrinth barrier and cause damage to the cochlear neurons and outer hair cells (OHCs). The antioxidant AVN-C exerts a strong protective effect against MTX-induced ototoxicity and preserved the inner ear structures (synapses, neurons, and OHCs) from MTX-induced damage. The mechanism of AVN-C against MTX suggests that ROS is involved in HDMTX-induced ototoxicity.
The Future of Humanity: From Global Civilization to Great Civilization (Second Edition)
Authors: Jin Zhouying
Published: March 2022

Additional Prefaces from Hazel Henderson, Randeep Sudan, and new original material added in each chapter. Considers impact of Covid-19 and influence beyond health and hygiene, impacting economic, social and geopolitical affairs, and the need for humankind change many established behaviour patterns, including lifestyle, working practices and diet.
Causes in Plato’s Phaedo
Authors: Wiitala Michael
Published: March 2022

As Socrates recounts his search for causes (aitiai) in the Phaedo, he identifies the following as genuine causes: intelligence (nous), seeming best, choice of the best, and the forms.  I argue that these causes should be understood as norms prescribing the conditions their effects must meet if those effects are to be produced.  Thus, my account both explains what Socrates’ causes are and the way in which they cause what they cause.
El populismo falangista
Authors: Ruiz Carnicer Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2022

El articulo intenta reflexionar sobre el grado de populismo presente en el partido único de la dictadura franquista, Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS. Para ello, se parte de una definición sobre populismo a partir de aportes clásicos y recientes para luego ver el peso del populismo en el fascismo histórico. Pero la especificidad del fascismo español es sobrevivir en un entorno democrático tras 1945. En el trabajo se hace una revisión de la evolución de una Falange que tiene poder político y presencia simbólica, aunque sus miembros y dirigentes perciben limitaciones para la imposición de un proyecto propio, dado el peso de los sectores más conservadores y católicos dentro del régimen. Esta contradicción produce un discurso de «revolución pendiente» que hace compatible la identificación total con Franco y su obra y a la par, desarrolla un discurso crítico con algunos aspectos del régimen, mientras Falange decía encarnar los valores del «pueblo» frente a sectores como el Opus Dei que estarían deformando los valores de la «revolución nacional» del 18 de julio por intereses espurios. Este discurso caló en los jóvenes socializados en la retórica ardiente del falangismo revolucionario en los años cincuenta y sesenta, pero la deslegitimación progresiva del franquismo acabó reduciendo al falangismo o bien a un búnker cerrado al cambio o a los sectores reformistas azules que se acabarían sumando a la necesidad de la adopción de medidas democratizadoras y de reconciliación, definitivamente impulsadas con la muerte del dictador.
multimodalidade em dicionários de Libras
Authors: De Moraes Cinti Cíntia Débora , Rodrigues-Pereira Renato
Published: March 2022

Neste trabalho, discorremos sobre a importância da multimodalidade em dicionários de Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), a partir da análise de dois dicionários: o Dicionário enciclopédico ilustrado trilíngue Deit-Libras, de Capovilla, Raphael e Maurício (2009); e Dicionário da língua de sinais do Brasil: A Libras em suas mãos, produzido por Capovilla, Raphael, Temoteo e Martins (2019). Temos como propósito compreender como a multimodalidade interfere nas informações que compõem os verbetes dos dicionários selecionados. Nos fundamentamos por pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Lexicografia, que nos possibilitou perceber a potencialidade multissemiótica presente nestes dicionários e, sobretudo, reconhecê-los como patrimônio cultural de seus consulentes, assim como variável contextual de Modo da Linguística Sistêmico-funcional, sob a qual se respalda a multimodalidade. Nossas análises indicam que, para além do enriquecimento das informações lexicográficas abordadas na estrutura do dicionário, a multimodalidade funciona como mecanismo de organização didática dos registros possíveis em dicionários.
How Do Parents Introduce Basic Mathematics to Down Syndrome Children?
Authors: Siron Yubaedi , Rahmah Aulia , Nadiyah Hadiyatun , Resti Alawiyah Hani , Alfiyanti Nia , Fajriah Syifa
Published: March 2022

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the involvement of parents in introducing basic mathematics to children with down syndrome.Design/methods/approach – This study uses a qualitative approach by conducting online interviews with parents of children with down syndrome. Participants were determined using purposive sampling involving five parents. This study reveals that the involvement of parents in introducing basic mathematics to children with down syndrome has different variants. Collecting data was using semi-structured interviews with interview guidelines, recorders, and documentation. Data analysis used the Milles and Huberman model.Findings – Parents initiate methods and media in introducing basic mathematics to children. Parents can also identify the child's response, identify the advantages and disadvantages of the media, and provide alternative solutions to the obstacles and challenges faced.Research implications/limitations – This study explains introducing strategic basic mathematical abilities in children with down syndrome and the involvement of parents in educating children with down syndrome in basic mathematics.Practical implications – Parents of children with down syndrome need to introduce children to math early on. Parents have an essential role in introducing their down syndrome children's basic mathematical abilities by utilizing the media and giving good responses.Originality/value – This research contributes to educating children with down syndrome in basic mathematics.

Paper type: Case study
EFFECT OF FEATURES IN GRAIN STRUCTURE ON THE THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF COMPOUNDS BASED ON BISMUTH TELLURIDE
Authors: Ivanov O. N. , Yaprintsev M. N. , Vasil’ev A. E. , Dan’shina E. P.
Published: March 2022

Specific mechanisms of grain structure effect on the thermoelectric properties (specific electrical resistivity and total thermal conductivity) of the Bi1.9Gd0.1Te3 compound have been analyzed. These mechanisms are as follows: 1) forming the surface Te vacancies at grain boundaries acting as donor centres; 2) changing the elemental composition of the grains at high-temperature Te evaporation under thermal treatment of material to prepare the samples with desired average grain size.
Strategie komunikacyjne minimalnie werbalnych dzieci rozpoczynających edukację przedszkolną
Authors: Kaźmierczak Monika
Published: March 2022

In the so-called minimally verbal, a negligible degree of expressing communication behavior is diagnosed, which significantly reduces participation in interaction and reduces the effectiveness of communication. The minimal-verbal communication behaviors of preschool children in interaction are characterized by: sub-competence and transitional competence. With a shortage of linguistic resources, the child has specific communication behaviors, i.e. strategies that involve participation in interaction, the process of receiving and decoding meanings, and to a large extent the production and transmission of a message that is as understandable to the environment as possible. With limited language tools, children entering preschool education either withdraw from communicating or look for any possible means of interaction –both strategies can be observed in both natural and simulated pedagogical situations. The minimum verbosity of pre-school children does not exclude the possibility of interaction with other communication partners. The gradual transition from the level of sub-competency and transitional competence to a higher level requires early therapeutic and pedagogical activities, incentives to use achievement strategies more often, and to build bridges between communicative, linguistic and cultural competences. Without therapy, the strategies used may lead to fossilization, i.e. inhibit communication and the development of linguistic competence.
Un incendio invisible de Sara Mesa como una crítica implícita al «Homo consumericus»
Authors: Kobiela-Kwaśniewska Marta
Published: March 2022

The paper is an attempt at shedding light on the issues related to the dystopian vision of postmodern society metonymically represented by Vado, an imaginary city, in the novel Un incendio invisible written by Sara Mesa. This abandoned urban space causes us to reflect on crucial topics in postmodern society, such as incorporation into unknown place, redefinition of the concept of parenthood, liquid and perverse love, social inequalities, abandoned elders, consumption, role of shopping malls and their significance, human alienation, all phenomena that we find in the novel. The city of Vado plays symbolic role in that piece, hence its devastation and ruin show a close connection with the consumer society and the actions of Homo consumericus. We base our analysis on the philosophical and sociological postulates of Gilles Lipovetsky, Zygmunt Bauman, Erich Fromm and anthropological one of Marc Augé, as well as on the proposal of how to read a novel by Javier del Prado Biezma in order to describe the nature of all these mentioned problems and expose the criticism of Homo consumericus concealed in the novel.
O unutrašnjosti katedrale Sv. Nikole u Osoru tijekom 16. stoljeća
Authors: Marušić Matko Matija
Published: March 2022

Na temelju popisa dobara Osorske biskupije i izvještaja poslijetridentskih vizitacija, u tekstu se raspravlja o katedrali Sv. Nikole u Osoru, istaknutom spomeniku renesansnog graditeljstva čija unutrašnjost nije bila predmetom cjelovitog istraživanja. U radu se stoga iznose neobjavljeni podatci o stupnju opremljenosti crkve od posvećenja 1498. godine do početka 17. stoljeća te se rekonstruira položaj oltara u lađama prostrane trobrodne bazilike. Podatci o uređenju katedrale otkrivaju pojačani intenzitet opremanja tijekom prvih desetljeća 16. stoljeća, no taj će početni zanos slabjeti usporedno sa sve većim odumiranjem grada. U drugoj polovici stoljeća, međutim, dolazi do prenošenja tijela lokalnog patrona, sv. Gaudencija, iz njemu posvećene crkve na središnji oltar katedrale, čime je potvrđen primat katedrale Sv. Nikole u Osorskoj biskupiji, zbog povijesnih i društvenih okolnosti de facto predan kolegijalnoj crkvi u Cresu. Raspravlja se, zaključno, o krstionici, sakristiji i stanju crkvene unutrašnjosti tijekom 16. stoljeća, te se upućuje na nekoliko faza kasnijih obnova kojima treba posvetiti pozornost u budućim istraživanjima.
The Political Regime of the State According to 1918–1919 Lithuanian Constitutional Acts
Authors: Machovenko Jevgenij , Valančienė Dovilė
Published: March 2022

The article deals with identifying provisions of the 1918–1919 Lithuanian Constitutional Acts, which entrench the democratic political regime of the state. It discloses and assesses their dynamics, describes the nation’s sovereignty, elements of direct and representative democracy, and parliamentarism.
Towards an emotional design of apparel for medical professionals
Authors: Hu Miaomiao , Cheng Yan
Published: March 2022

The rapid development of society has made people have an emotional requirements for apparel. Emotional apparel, generally, has been studied for many years. However, there is few work regarding the emotional design for medical professionals. Emotional design contains visceral, behavioral and reflective levels. Most of the existing medical apparel design still remains in the visceral and behavioral level of an emotional design. In order to enhance the medical apparel design to the reflective level, this paper aims to develop a conceptual design of medical apparel in terms of the emotional design theory. This study first works on the medical apparel design requirements in the aspect of emotion, then the development of principles and elements casting to the emotional apparel for medical professionals. This study can provide a reference for the practicality, aesthetics and identification of emotional design of medical apparel, so as to achieve a better development of medical apparel in the future.
Entendiendo la adopción de e-marketing en micros, pequeñas y medianas empresas mexicanas
Authors: Solano-Romo Lizeth Itziguery , Cortés-López Javier Santiago , Bohorquez-Lopez Victor W. , Gómez-Reynoso Juan Manuel
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es identificar los factores críticos para la adopción de e-marketing en México, que no han sido validados en el contexto latinoamericano en el pasado. Para lograrlo, se contó con una muestra de 302 micro, pequeñas y medianas empresa (mipymes), de los sectores de manufactura, servicios, comercio y construcción en México, a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta que respondieron los gerentes y cuyos resultados fueron analizados mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Primero, se hizo un análisis factorial donde se identificaron los factores más importantes para la adopción de e-marketing por las mipymes mexicanas: adopción de tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), implementación de e-marketing, rendimiento organizacional, y competitividad tecnológica. Posteriormente, se propuso un modelo, relacionando los factores identificados en el análisis factorial, que fue validado usando ecuaciones estructurales. Si bien en el modelo propuesto no todas las relaciones son significativas, se puede resaltar que, dentro del contexto de mipymes mexicanas, los factores adopción de tic, la implementación de e-marketing, el rendimiento organizacional y la competitividad tecnológica son importantes y nuevos en la literatura.
Features of treatment of children with epithelial coccygeal course, which enable to obtain a satisfactory result
Authors:   Zaporizhjia State Medical University, Ukraine, Kornienko G.V. , Dmitryakov V.O. ,   Zaporizhjia State Medical University, Ukraine, Kokorkin O.D. ,   Zaporizhjia State Medical University, Ukraine, Malovichko I.A. ,   Zaporizhjia State Medical University, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

For 10 years (2010-2020) 46 children with epithelial coccygeal course were treated. 40 (87%) had coccygeal cysts with coccygeal fistula, 6 (13%) had no fistula. The number of boys prevailed - 32 (67%), girls - 14 (33%), which corresponds to the literature. By age, patients were distributed: up to 10 years - 6 (13%) patients, 10-14 years - 8 (17%), from 14 years - 32 (70%) patients. The number of purulent complications during this period has halved (from 12% to 6%). Since the nature of the applied surgical interventions during this time has not changed significantly, the positive result, according to the authors, was achieved due to the improvement of old and introduction of new methods of pre- and post-operative periods. The detailed analysis of preoperative preparation is carried out in the work, some stages of operative intervention are reflected, the rules of conducting the postoperative period are detailed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the following methods of treatment of children with epithelial coccygeal course. Before surgery: fistulography as an extremely important method of diagnosis; the use of hypoallergenic depilatory creams to prepare the operating field. Surgery: performing and completing the operation without ligatures in the surgical wound due to careful hemostasis, which prevents the occurrence of ligature fistulas in the postoperative period. After surgery: a ban on sitting for two weeks and following the rules of asepsis in the area of the surgical wound provides, as a rule, primary healing. Fulfillment of these features in the treatment of children with epithelial coccygeal course allows to obtain a satisfactory end result. Key words: epithelial coccygeal course, children, treatment
Effect of fertilizing with different levels of phosphorous and zinc on the botanical characteristics of table beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: GASHASH Ebtesam A. , ASHMAWI Ashmawi E. , EL-TAHER Ahmed M. , OMAR Magdy A. , OSMAN Nahid A. , TAHA Noura M. , ELKELISH Amr
Published: March 2022

The interaction of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) is a crucial factor affecting crop yield in agricultural production called a P-induced Zn deficiency. The application of Zn and P together reduces deficiencies and increases plant growth by more than the sum of the increases from Zn and P alone. This experiment was carried out during two seasons, in consecutive years, to study the effect of P and Zn levels on the physical, physiological and anatomical response in table beet plants. Treatment one was as control; the second treatment was 35 P units with 5, 10, and 20 Zn units; the third treatment was 40 P units with 5, 10, and 20 Zn units; and the fourth treatment was 45 P units with 5, 10, and 20 Zn units. The data showed that the number of leaves and the root diameters were high with the addition of 40 P units and 10 Zn units, and the roots fresh and dry weights were high under 40 P units and 10 Zn units in both seasons. The contents of TSS, AA, TS, ACY, N, P, and K were significantly increased by the use of 40 and 45 P units combined with 5 and 10 Zn units. The anatomical alterations in both leaf blade, epidermal layers, midrib zone, vessel diameter, vascular bundle area, palisade, and spongy tissues were studied. The results recommend that fertilizing table beet plants with 40 P units and 10 Zn units is suitable.
Estimation of nitrogen in cotton leaves using different hyperspectral region data
Authors: ZHANG Qiang , MA Lulu , CHEN Xiangyu , LIN Jiao , YIN Caixia , YAO Qiushuang , LV Xin , ZHANG Ze
Published: March 2022

As an important index of a plant’s N nutrition, leaf nitrogen content (LNC) can be quickly monitored in real time with hyperspectral information, which is helpful to guide the precise application of N in cotton leaves. In this study, taking cotton dripping in Xinjiang, China, as the object of study, five N application treatments (0, 120, 240, 360, 480 kg·ha-1) were set up, and the hyperspectral data and the N content of main stem functional leaves at the cotton flower and boll stage were collected. The results showed that (1) comparing the correlations of the three types of spectral data from the original spectra, first derivative spectra, and second derivative spectra with the LNC of cotton, the first derivative spectra increased the correlation between the reflectance in the peak and valley ranges of the spectral curves and the LNC of cotton; (2) in the three hyperspectral regions of VIS, NIR, and SWIR, all R2 values of the estimation model for the LNC of cotton established based on the characteristic wavelengths of the original and the first derivative spectra were greater than 0.8, and the model accuracy was better than that of the second derivative spectra; and (3) the normalized root mean square error (n-RMSE) values of the validated model using MLR, PCR, and PLSR regression methods were all in the range of 10–20%, indicating that the established model could well estimate the nitrogen content of cotton leaves. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of the three hyperspectral domains of VIR, NIR, and SWIR to estimate the LNC of cotton and provide a new basis for hyperspectral data application in crop nutrient monitoring.
Interactive effect of potassium and spermidine protects growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in Vigna angularis from salinity induced damage by up-regulating the tolerance mechanisms
Authors: AL-MUSHHIN Amina A.M.
Published: March 2022

Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of potassium (100 mg KCl / kg soil) and the spermidine (100 µM Spd) in regulation of growth, chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis in Vigna angularis under salinity stress (100 mM NaCl). Salinity declined chlorophyll synthesis by causing a significant decline in the synthesis of δ-amino levulinic acid (ALA), prototoporphyrin IX (Proto IX) and Mg-prototoporphyrin IX (Mg-Proto IX), however application of K and Spd alone as well as combinedly alleviated the decline to considerable extent. Further, K and Spd treated plants exhibited a significant decline in reactive oxygen species and the lipid peroxidation and such effects were also obvious under salinity stress. Photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, Fv/Fm and photochemical quenching increased significantly due to K and Spd application, and salinity induced alleviation of the decline was maximal due to combined K and Spd treatment. Up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes activity, increased content of ascorbic acid and glutathione (GSH), and the accumulation of compatible osmolytes due to K and Spd application strengthened the tolerance against the salinity stress thereby lessening the oxidative effects considerably. Accumulation of phenols and flavonoids increased significantly due to application of K and Spd. Salinity caused significant increase in Na however K and Spd application induced a significant decline concomitant with increase in K content reflecting in decreased Na/K. Results suggest that K and Spd application protect the growth and photosynthesis from salinity induced oxidative damage by up-regulating the ion homeostasis, antioxidant system, osmolyte accumulation and secondary metabolite synthesis.
SOĞUK SAVAŞ SÜRECİNDE TÜRK SAĞ DÜŞÜNCESİNDE AYDIN İMGESİ
Authors: KOCA Bayram , SELÇUK Ekin Kadir
Published: March 2022

Türkiye’de Soğuk Savaş’ın yoğun yaşandığı dönem, 1960 ile 1980 yılları arasıdır. Bu süreçte, solcu aydınların kamusal alanda hâkimiyeti olduğu söyleyebilir. Hatta kimi solcu aydınlar, ordudaki bazı subaylarla işbirliği yaparak darbe ile yönetime gelmeye çalışmışlardır. Soğuk Savaş sürecinde solcu aydınların kamusal alandaki etkinliğine tepki olarak Türk sağı aydınlarının örgütlendiğini ve onlara karşı devleti/düzeni korumaya çalıştığını gözlemleriz. Bu çerçevede Soğuk Savaş sürecinde Türk sağı aydınlarının, komünizme karşı bir şekilde konumlandıklarını iddia edebiliriz. Türk Sağı aydınları, kendilerini “yerli ve milli” saymakta, solun ise bu topraklara modernleşme politikaları sonrası “suni ve köksüz” bir şekilde geldiklerini öne sürmektedirler. Türk Sağı aydınları, modernleşme politikaları ve sonrasındaki Kemalist reformlarla Türkiye’de milli kültürün ihmal edildiğini iddia etmekte ve milli kültürdeki bu ihmalden dolayı solun ülkeye girdiğini öne sürmektedir. Bu minvalde sağ düşünce, Soğuk Savaş sürecinde sola karşı milli kültürü güçlendirmeye çalışmıştır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1960-1980 yılları arası sağ düşüncede “aydın” kavramına dair yaklaşımları ele almaktadır. Bu çerçevede Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Nurettin Topçu, Cemil Meriç, Mümtaz Turhan, Erol Güngör ve Sabri Ülgener’in aydın kavramına yönelik düşünceleri ele alınacaktır. İlk olarak sağ düşüncede modernleşme ve Kemalizm imgesine yer verilecek, sonrasında Türk sağı aydınlarının milli kültürün güçlendirmesine dair düşünceleri tartışılacaktır. Son olarak ise 1970’lerde sağ düşüncenin çatı örgütü olan Aydınlar Ocağı deneyimi ele alınacaktır.
How relative frequency and prosodic structure affect the acoustic duration of English derivatives
Authors: Stein Simon David , Plag Ingo
Published: March 2022

Morphological segmentability, i.e., the degree to which complex words can be decomposed into their morphological constituents, has been considered an important factor in research on morphological processing and is expected to affect acoustic duration (e.g., Hay, 2001, 2003). One way of operationalizing segmentability is through the relative frequency of a complex word to its base word. However, relative frequency has failed to affect duration for different affix categories in many previous studies. One potential reason is the fact that complex words vary in their prosodic structure, depending on the prosodic integration of the affix (Plag & Ben Hedia, 2018).In a large corpus study with three different corpora and eight affixes each, we investigate how prosodic word structure and relative frequency influence duration, and how these two factors interact. We find that prosodic structure does not significantly interact with relative frequency. Second, we show that relative frequency effects on duration do not emerge consistently across a large number of affixes. Third, not only does prosodic word structure not explain the absence of relative frequency effects, it also often cannot account for durational differences as such. We discuss these findings in light of phonological theory and speech production models.
Fabrication of Magnesium-Carbonate Apatite by Conventional Sintering and Spark Plasma Sintering for Orthopedic Implant Applications
Authors: Setyadi Iwan , Sudiro Toto , Hermanto Bambang , Oktari Prima Rizky , Kamal Achmad Fauzi , Rahyussalim Ahmad Jabir , Suharno Bambang , Supriadi Sugeng
Published: March 2022

Magnesium-Carbonate Apatite (Mg-xCA) is one of the potential magnesium composites to be developed as an alternative biodegradable implant material. Several attempts were made to optimize its characteristics. In this study, Mg-xCA (x = 0, 5, 10, and 15% wt) was prepared by powder metallurgy through warm compaction (WC) and further densified by 2 sintering process methods, namely conventional sintering (CS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The characterization included density test, XRD test, microstructure test (OM and SEM-EDS-Mapping), microhardness test, and electrochemical test. The SPS process improves the characteristics of Mg-xCA better than the CS process. The SPS process can increase the relative density by about 0.7-2.4%, increase the hardness by about 2-13%, and reduce the corrosion rate by about 32-49% compared to the initial condition before sintering (WC). The SPS structure has a lower oxygen elemental content than the CS structure. The sintered process with SPS is considered effective for the fabrication of Mg-xCA powder-based composites compared to the CS process.
Reduce Mistrimming of Voltage Offset for Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA)
Authors: Abot Sherell Dynn R. , Magwili Glenn V.
Published: March 2022

Commonly the voltage offset of an operational amplifier is only measured and specified in the datasheet but for this device, it is the first device to implement the trimming of the voltage offset that will provide a more accurate output across different gain settings. With the implementation, there were problems encountered particularly the mistrimming of the voltage offset wherein it should be within the datasheet specification and it is in uV range. Even though the Automated Test Equipment (ATE) is capable of measuring uV, there are other contributors that are causing the mistrimming. And in this research, it aims to show the root cause using circuit simulations, develop/implement a proposed solution, and prove that proposed solution will solve the mistrimming issue.
The trend of STD in COVID times- A retrospective hospital-based study from Northeast India
Authors: Datta Shainee , Gupta Bhaskar , Das Kinnor , Roy Joydeep
Published: March 2022

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are considered to be a burden for mankind since long. Different studies showed variation in epidemiology of STD. Our study is targeted towards unveiling the prevalence of STD during covid times.

: To study the change of prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases during covid times.

: A retrospective study of all patients, who attended the outpatient department (OPD) of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprosy (DVL) of Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Assam, India was done. All the follow-up cases and patients who showed no evidence of STD were excluded from the study.

: In the study period (2020-21), out of the 10,954 patients who attended the DVL OPD, 90(0.8%) patients had STD, whereas, in the year (2019-20), total of 57,275 patients attended the clinic, among which 272(0.5%) patients had STD. STD was more among males than females, showing a male: female ratio of 1.9:1 in 2020-2021 as compared to 1.5:1 in 2019 to 2020. Some results were similar in both the study period; like the mean age group was 36 years, most females were housewives and males were shopkeepers and majority of the patients with STD were married. In our study from 2020-21, Herpes genitalis with 29 cases (32.2%) was the most common STD, followed by syphilis and urethral discharge with 17 (18.8%) cases each. Vaginal discharge with 11(12.2%) cases, genital warts with 7(7.7%) cases, GUD-non-herpetic with 5(5.5%) cases and balanoposthitis with 4(4.4%) cases were other STDs during the 2020-’21 period. When compared to 2019-20, herpes genitalis was most common with 72(26.4%) cases followed by vaginal discharge with 58(21.4%) cases, syphilis with 43(15.8%) cases, urethral discharge with 58(21.4%) cases, GUD-non herpetic with 26(9.6%) cases, balanoposthitis with 21(7.8%) cases and warts with16(5.8%) cases.

Amidst the COVID-19 crisis and lockdown, a decline in the overall number of patients was seen and similar trend was observed among STD patients reporting to our hospital. Among these, the majority had genital ulcer disease of viral origin. Females were most commonly affected and a decline in bacterial STDs was also seen.
O Apoio Institucional e A Educação Permanente na formação do sanitarista: um relato de experiência
Authors: Schenkel Júlia Monteiro , Dotto Cibele , Silva Maura Carolina Belomé da , Possa Lisiane Bôer , Poersch Lisiane Gregis , Fernandes Álisson Leão
Published: March 2022

A partir de um relato de experiência de estágio curricular da Graduação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, abordamos o desafio de formar sanitaristas atentos às singularidades dos processos de trabalho em saúde. A partir da aproximação dos estudantes com a Atenção Básica do município de Esteio no ano de 2016, desenvolvemos práticas de apoio institucional e educação permanente, refletindo sobre os diferentes tempos envolvidos na gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde. Tais dispositivos foram apontados como estratégicos na formação de sanitaristas implicados com a co-gestão no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Adaptação do jovem à universidade e o impacto no bem-estar psicológico do estudante de licenciatura em pedagogia
Authors: Augusto de Souza Laura , Franco Sergio Roberto Kieling
Published: March 2022

Investigar a formação docente é essencial à universidade com o intuito de alcançar melhorias. Neste sentido, a temática deste estudo está inserida no projeto “Os fatores de acesso e permanência que envolvem a formação docente na UFRGS e seus contrastes com as expectativas e demandas do mundo do trabalho em escolas públicas da rede básica no Estado do RS”. O objetivo é contribuir para a compreensão dos fatores que levam à adaptação do estudante à universidade e o impacto deste processo no bem-estar do aluno de Licenciatura em Pedagogia a partir de cinco dimensões de adaptação (pessoal, interpessoal, carreira, estudo e institucional). Para verificar a adaptação do aluno ao curso utilizou-se o Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas, com amostra estudantil dos alunos da Pedagogia, em versão adaptada ao contexto brasileiro. Os dados foram analisados a partir de estatística descritiva e relacionados com a fundamentação teórica apresentada, permitindo, assim, uma interpretação referencial apoiada desses dados. Em suma, poucos estudantes apresentaram sintomas relacionados à ansiedade, depressão ou estresse na pesquisa. A maioria dos alunos demonstrou-se satisfeitos com sua escolha pelo curso, seu desempenho acadêmico e os recursos oferecidos pela universidade. Além disso, apesar de demonstrarem algum nível de ansiedade e altas expectativas, isso não interfere de forma direta em seu desempenho acadêmico ou desejo de concluir o curso.
Percepções de graduandos em saúde sobre relacionamentos sorodiscordantes para o HIV/AIDS
Authors: Martins Antonio Arcanjo , Honorato Eduardo Jorge Sant'Ana , Da Silva Tirza Almeida , Lemos Sônia Maria , Ferreira Darlisom Sousa , Reis Maycom Grimm
Published: March 2022

A identificação não apenas da percepção dos acadêmicos de saúde sobre relacionamentos sorodiscordantes, como também dos tipos de preconceitos existentes em relação a esta temática a fim de propor, a partir dos resultados obtidos, atividades em educação em saúde para aprimorar conhecimentos sobre a sorodiscordância foram os objetivos deste trabalho. Uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória qualitativa, que utilizou um questionário hospedado em um site de pesquisas online, cuja amostragem se deu por saturação de conteúdo. A partir disso, uma mensagem padrão foi divulgada nos meios acadêmicos da Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, na qual os usuários recebiam orientação para assinar o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido digital e responder o instrumento de pesquisa: um questionário com 13 questões, cuja elaboração visou uma maior aproximação com um modelo de entrevista semiestruturada; os critérios de exclusão foram menores de idade e indígenas. O questionário ficou hospedado por 60 dias consecutivos e obteve 99 respostas válidas, excluindo-se os incompletos e com Internet Protocol repetidos. A exploração do material se deu através da técnica de Bardin. Com a definição de categorias e posteriores Unidades de Registro pode-se identificar, explorar e inferir sobre os objetivos propostos. Dentre resultados, inferências e interpretações os achados apontam para ainda desconhecimento sobre o assunto, com informações ainda distorcidas e carregadas de preconceitos. Mesmo aqueles que demonstram algum conhecimento técnico, ainda há preconceito velado. Nem mesmos os anos de formação acadêmica foram suficientes para quebrar preconceitos relacionados a temática HIV.
A pesquisa-intervenção como ferramenta de formação: a experiência em uma unidade básica de saúde
Authors: Frutuoso Maria Fernanda , Liberman Flavia , De Sousa Gardenia Maria Ribeiro , Mendes Rosilda
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar reflexões de cunho teórico-metodológico com foco na pesquisa-intervenção como princípio educativo e como ato político-ético-técnico-relacional. Métodos: Pesquisa-intervenção realizada em uma unidade de atenção básica à saúde a partir da discussão de um “caso-marcante” selecionado pela equipe. Foram analisados os diários de pesquisa onde se registrou a produção de dados dos encontros entre trabalhadores, pesquisadores e o sujeito acompanhado pela equipe. Resultados: O processo de pesquisar com a equipe permitiu a discussão compartilhada da história de vida e do percurso de cuidado de uma usuária em um ambiente formativo para todos os envolvidos. Os registros apontam a proposição de redes de articulação entre ações de diferentes serviços e ações da parceria ensino-serviço que emergiram dos encontros entre os pesquisadores. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa permitiu problematizar a dicotomia entre saber-fazer e reconhecer e qualificar a troca de saberes de diferentes naturezas, lugares e propósitos. O desafiador processo de pesquisar junto possibilitou produzir conhecimento por meio de encontros entrelaçados por uma rede que se reinventa constantemente.
Assistência à gestante surda: barreiras de comunicação encontradas pela equipe de saúde
Authors: Ferreira Dayana Roberta da Conceição , Alves Fábia Alexandra Pottes , Silva Érika Maria Alves da , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira , Araújo Gleicy Karine Nascimento de
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: identificar as principais barreiras e as formas de comunicação entre a equipe de saúde e as gestantes surdas. Método: estudo descritivo exploratório de natureza quantitativa, realizado em um Hospital de Recife – PE, realizado com 29 médicos e 31 enfermeiros. Na coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário previamente formulado. Realizada a análise dos dados no software SPSS e o teste Qui-quadrado para comparação de proporção. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 51,7% eram enfermeiros e trabalhavam na emergência, 56,7%. Quase a totalidade não possuía conhecimento em LIBRAS (90,0%), nas consultas o acompanhante foi o intérprete (39,3%) e afirmaram que existiam barreiras de comunicação entre eles e as gestantes surdas (75,0%), destacando a falta de conhecimento em LIBRAS (42,3%). Conclusão: Os profissionais desse estudo associam a falta do conhecimento em LIBRAS à inadequação da assistência, evidenciando a necessidade de formação profissional em LIBRAS.