bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical abiotic factors affecting implementation of technologicalinnovations in rice and wheat production: A review
Authors: Kumaraswamy S. , Shetty P. K.
Published: November 2016

Rice and wheat are two major staple food crops in India and worldwide. Over the years the yield potential of the crops has been affected by abiotic factors, which is further projected to increase due to climate change induced environmental adversities. Typically these two crops have different growing conditions, rice requiring high water for cultivation unlike wheat which is water demanding and sensitive to larger variability in temperature regimes. In the recent past drought and disease stress, besides several other stresses, are considered to be critical factors affecting the growth and yield of crops, which is evident in the recent decades. Admittedly, drought stress coupled with biotic stress will further contribute for declining performance of crop varieties and difficult to alleviate even with innovative technological innovations. Few of the technological innovations like high yielding varieties, genetically modified cultivars, integrated nutrient management, integrated pest management, water conservation strategies and prophylactic measures to avoid the disease/pest outbreak, though with potential to augment the yield losses is affected by the stresses. Attempts have also been made to utilize transgenic technologies to build intrinsic tolerance mechanisms by the plants through alteration to functional genes. However, sustainable technologies like classical breeding approaches and integrated farming principles are also being considered to develop crops adaptation and/or enhance the adaptive mechanisms by aligning with technological interventions. Though, several technologies show promise but constrained by the limitations to achieve ‘one-fits-all’ model to overcome the interactive effects of abiotic stressors. Visibly, the crop growth and yield enhancement through technological innovations is call of the day as climate change induced aggravation of these stressors on crop production is imminent. Skilful integration of technological innovations to suit the local and regional scale crop husbandry systems may have promise to address the abiotic stress to realize economic yield of crops like rice and wheat. The review will argumentatively analyse few critical stressors that limit the successful implementation of technological innovations to sustain the rice/wheat crop production and resilience building in the millennia.
Morphological and physiological responses of dual purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to nitrogen and seed rates: A review
Authors: Ranjan1 Rakesh D. , Gontia3 Ajay S. , Pal1* Awadhesh K. , Kumar1 Sudhir , Kumar2 Birender , Bhamini2 Kanchan , Kumari1 Nishi
Published: November 2016

Growing human population at alarming rate has forced the decline in fallow land available for grazing leading to excessive pressure on fodder production for livestock existence. Growing crops for dual purpose i.e. both grains and fodder together may be a good option for reducing this burden. Wheat may be a better option to mitigate the shortage of grains as well as fodder. Many works have been carried out in this direction considering wheat but the production has been a limitation. Among various agronomical methods, modifications of fertilizers concentrations and seed rate are very crucial which affect yield. Nitrogen is one of major components of fertilizers which plays crucial role in crop growth influencing major physiology including photosynthesis, protein synthesis, nucleic acids synthesis etc. Seed rate is directly related to canopy expansion and solar radiation interception, thereby strongly influencing the use of environmental resources by changing relative importance of intra and interplant competition for light, water and nutrients during crop development and thereby affects wheat yield. Looking at the importance of the issue, this review was carried out to get the information about the effect of seed rates and nitrogen levels on the forage and grain yield of dual purpose wheat genotypes for enhanced productivity.
Sowing methods and varying seed rates of cowpea on production potentialof sorghum, sudan grass hybrid and cowpea: A review
Authors: Guleria Gunjan , Kumar Naveen
Published: November 2016

Forage requirement of livestock is generally met through low quantity and quality of crop residues often not enough for maintenance of animal health and productivity in India. Cereal-legume intercropping has been recognized as a beneficial crop production system for higher fodder production per unit area per unit time, especially, under rainfed conditions. Sorghum sudan grass hybrid and cowpea are some of the potential fodder crops which can provide good nutrition to livestock with higher forage yields and improve the fertility status of soil when grown in association. This paper reviews all the literature on various aspects of intercropping of cereals and legumes, mainly sorghum and cowpea, for better understanding and future strategies for improved production as well as quality of fodder.
Parthenocarpy: A potential trait to exploit in vegetable crops: A review
Authors: Dhatt A.S. , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: November 2016

Parthenocarpy is the growth of ovary into seedless fruit in the absence of pollination and fertilization. It may occur naturally or can be induced artificially by exogenous application of hormones or their enhanced endogenous level. Parthenocarpy improves the yield, quality and processing attributes of vegetable crops like cucumber, eggplant and watermelon, where seed is a limiting factor during consumption. This trait proved highly useful to develop fruits under environmental conditions that are unfavorable for successful pollination and fertilization, particularly in green house cultivation and especially in cross-pollinated crops. It is an established fact that phytohormones play important role in fruit setting and their genetic manipulation can lead to seedlessness. Apical shoot is considered as source of inhibitors preventing fruit growth in the absence of stimulus like pollination or application of phytohormones. The exploitation of biotechnological tools can further enhance its utility for the benefit of mankind. Therefore, present review is focused on factors and potential of parthenocarpy in vegetable crops.
ICT based decision support systems for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in India: A review
Authors: Singh* Niranjan , Gupta Neha
Published: November 2016

Pests cause significant losses to crop production in India. Excessive and irrational use of chemicals for pest control not only degrades the environment but also affects the human health due to presence of pesticide residue. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is such a technology, which combines multiple ecologically safer and economically sound pest control methods. IPM being knowledge intensive approach to crop protection emphasizes appropriate decision-making based on knowledge of interaction of the crop, pests, beneficial organisms that prey on pests and whole lot of other information. IPM practitioners or farmers require timely access to the relevant pest management information/knowledge and expertise. So the improved methods of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) such as Decision Support Systems (DSSs) greatly help the farmers in accessing the pest management information and expertise. DSSs are software tools that support decision-making activities. They collect, organize, integrate and analyze all types of information required for decision making and finally use the analysis to recommend the most appropriate action. Many DSSs have been developed for in the field of plant protection by various public and private organizations in the country which have been elaborated in this review.
Abiotic factors (nntrogen and water) in maize : A review
Authors: Ramachandiran K. , Pazhanivelan S.
Published: November 2016

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most versatile cereal crops having wider adaptability under varied agro-climatic conditions. Nitrogen and water are the main abiotic factors that limit the yield of maize worldwide. The formulation of nitrogen and water management practices is needed to ensure food productivity for the increasing world population and to address the growing concerns regarding the adverse environmental impacts of agricultural activities. Hence, considering the overall performance in terms of growth, yield and economic returns, it is concluded that with 250 kg N ha-1 and irrigation at 0.80 IW/CPE ratio can be recommended under irrigated condition to get higher productivity and benefit cost ratio of maize. In future need to studies that distinguish between biotic and abiotic stress in maize involving spectral remote sensing for vital information required both for the quantification of consequences on production and for taking action for their mitigation.
Diversity and development in Fabanean
Authors: Yadav S.K. , Vermai Nidhi , Singh A.K. , Singh Nivedita , Rana S.C. , Ranga S.S. , Kumar Kuldip
Published: November 2016

Introductions for research purposes include germplasm, elite strains, improved varieties, genetic stocks in different crops from various parts of the world. NBPGR is authorized by the Ministry of Agriculture to undertake introduction and quarantine processing of germplasm including transgenics under exchange for both public and private sector organizations conforming to the national regulations. To meet the food demand quality seed is the basic unit for any agricultural production system. Production of high quality seed of improved varieties having high analytical quality, coupled with high germination capacity, vigour and uniformly large size, is required for improving faba bean production in this country. There is urgent need to strengthen the network on faba bean improvement programme in India. Keeping in view the geopolitical situation of India, utmost care has to be taken to make India in a respectable position in world market to evolve as global player for this fabulous crop. To fulfill these desires breeding varieties for yield, quality and resistance against biotic and abiotic stress is required. Maintaining the genetic purity of the seeds of improved cultivars is of utmost importance and will enable to exploit the full benefits of introducing seeds of improved varieties in faba bean.
An Exploration Of The Challenges Of Micro, Small And Medium Scale Farmers In Ile-Ife Township Of Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeola Ajayi , Stephen Akinade Adegbite
Published: November 2016

This study explored the factors suppressing micro, small and medium enterprising (MSME) farmersin Ile-Ife Township of Osun State, Nigeria with a view to find the obstaclesmilitating against the performance of the small and medium enterprises subsector to the Nigeria economy and recommend ameliorative measures to make the sub-sector strong and vibrant in order to play the crucial role in Nigeria economy growth and development.Primary and secondary sources of data were utilized for the study. Primary sources of data were employed using structures questionnaires while secondary sources were from books, journals, newspapers, internet sources and public lectures on the field of industrial small and medium scale farmers. Multi stage random sampling was used to select a total of 120 respondents utilized for the study. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to achieve the objectives of the study. The results from the questionnaires revealed that SMEs have performed below expectation due to a combination of challenges which ranges from financial constraint, poor managerial skills, poor road network, weakness in organizational marketing and information, low and dwindling consumer personal, multiple taxes, insecurity of lives and properties and lexies, attitude and habits of SME famers themselves through frequent policy changes and somersault government instability and environmental related factor among others. The paper concluded that government should take a practical radical approach to address the identified problems of SME farmers inIle-Ife Township of Osun State, Nigeria.
Macroeconomic Imbalances and the Economic Convergence of the EU candidate countries
Authors: Bobeva Daniela , Zlatinov Dimitar
Published: November 2016

The paper assesses the relevance of the EU Macroeconomic Imbalances Procedure scoreboard for the EU candidate countries. The calculation of the 14 indicators for a nine years period proves the recent economic crisis helped resolve some of the imbalances in the EU candidate countries but on the back of the slowing down the economic growth and convergence. The paper argues that MIP scoreboard fails to capture the specifics of economic developments of the caching up economies and cannot be used as a tool for assessing their readiness to join the EU.
Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of West African Dwarf Sheep Fed Supplementary Diets Containing Water-Washed Neem (azadirachtaindica A. Juss) Fruit and Garlic (Allium sativum)
Authors: Opeyemi Joshua Abolade , Adeola Ajayi
Published: November 2016

An experiment was conducted for 37 days for the purpose of investigating Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of West African Dwarf Sheep Fed supplementary diets containing Water-Washed Neem (Azadirachtaindica a. Juss0 Fruit and garlic (Alliumsativum). The experimental design used was a completely randomized design and the obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). 12 West African dwarf Sheep were randomly allotted into 4 treatments of 3 replicates per treatment, these treatments were supplements containing 0%, 5%, 10% neem and 1.25% garlic. Panicum maximum was fed as the basal diet. The basal and supplementary diets were fed at ratio 50:50 and at 3% body weight on dry matter bases. At the end of 37 days feeding trial, rumen liquor from the experimental animals were collected for rumen fermentation characteristics and in vitro gas production. The pH of the rumen liquor had values ranging from 6.30 - 7.00 and there was a significant difference between the 4 treatments. Treatment IV had the highest acetic acid and butyric acid production while treatment II had the lowest. However, there was no significant difference amongst the 4 treatments. Propionic acid was highest for treatment I while treatment II had the lowest value. For the propionic acid, the treatment that had no inclusion of neem and garlic (the control treatment) had the highest mean value for the study. The in vitro production obtained for a standard feed sample incubated in the rumen liquor obtained from the 4 treatments were significantly affected by the inclusion of neem and garlic. It is then concluded that the inclusion of neem at 10% and garlic at 1.25% in the supplementary feed of WAD sheep will significantly reduce methane production and support ruminant production.
Emergence of Project Based Learning in Professional Education
Authors: Kumari Sunil , Nandal Sanjay
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Present study aims at measuring the effectiveness of Project Based learning in professional education especially in MBA Program.

Methodology: A sample of 100 participants has been taken in two groups- control and experimental. Pre-post analysis of control and experimental group has been done to know the significance of difference between both groups. Validity of results has been tested with t-values.

Findings: Study reveals that PBL enhances the professional skills in the students. The comparative value of scores found the t-values significant at 0.01 level which validated the results of the study. It is concluded that the project-based learning method can yield a surplus value compared to more traditional types of education and training.

Implications: Present study would benefit to regulatory bodies and professional institutes to permit the PBL in their professional courses. It would also ease the companies to find the trained people. Society would also benefit by getting early employment, more jobs, more output, more growth etc.
Originality of value: Study is original and exclusive in nature which proves a milestone at this stage of transformation of business and educational world.
Gen Y’s Workplace Expectations on Employment Terms and Conditions: Comparative Analysis of Collegians and Office Goers
Authors: Sinha Neeta , Kshatriya Neelam
Published: November 2016

Over the past few years, an increase in stress has been witnessed amongst employees of various generations, working together at the workplace. In the process of settling at work, Millenials (Gen Y) are demonstrating new behaviors with the intent to gain success, which is starkly different from their predecessors. The objective of the study is to make a comparative analysis of the workplace related expectations of Gen Yers first as students and then as employees in order to analyze if these expectations change with time and experience, or remain the same.

Data was collected through “Two Stage Stratified Random sampling” from Millennial MBA students from four major districts of Gujarat. Out of 843 respondents, 555 i.e. 65.8 percent were students and 288 i.e. 34.2 percent being the young working professionals.

The students rated “Salary” as the first selection criteria and “job security” being second whereas Professionals rated “Job Security “as the most important factor and “Salary” was rated second, thereby stressing on the importance of these two variables in their selection criteria. “Location of the job” was rated as the least important variable both by the Students and Professionals thereby indicating that they are mobile and interested in taking up assignments that can help expand their outlook irrespective of the location.

For these five variables; the average ranking given by the respondents was cross tabulated with 1.Age, 2.Gender and 3. Status, in order to bring out the comparative importance assigned to each variable.
An Analysis of Jerzy Neyman’s Imaginary, Non Existent , Principle of Indifference, Urn Ball Example supposedly taken from J M Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability(1921)
Authors: Brady Michael Emmett
Published: November 2016

Jerzy Neyman analyzed an imaginary, non existent, Urn ball problem that he thought was taken from J M Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability in his Lectures and Conferences on Mathematical Statistics and Probability (1952). Neyman apparently never read the book for himself. He apparently relied on some, other, unknown source to provide him with the problem that he thought came from J M Keynes’s A Treatise on Probability.

The problem can be analyzed based on an “as if” approach to discover if Neyman realized that Keynes’s Principle of Indifference is a substantially different technique from Laplace’s concoction that, when applied, will lead to substantially different answers from those obtained by the use of Laplace’s Principle of Non –Sufficient Knowledge.
Visualizing Electromagnetic Vacuum by MRI
Authors: Chandrashekar Chandrika S. , Shellikeri Annadanesh , Chandrashekar S. , Taylor Erika A. , Taylor Deanne M.
Published: November 2016

Based upon Maxwell's equations, it has long been established that oscillating electromagnetic (EM) fields incident upon a metal surface decay exponentially inside the conductor, leading to a virtual EM vacuum at sufficient depths. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizes radiofrequency (r.f.) EM fields to produce images. Here we present the first visualization of a virtual EM vacuum inside a bulk metal strip by MRI, amongst several novel findings.We uncover unexpected MRI intensity patterns arising from two orthogonal pairs of faces of a metal strip, and derive formulae for their intensity ratios, revealing differing effective elemental volumes (voxels) underneath these faces.Further, we furnish chemical shift imaging (CSI) results that discriminate different faces (surfaces) of a metal block according to their distinct nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts, which holds much promise for monitoring surface chemical reactions noninvasively.Bulk metals are ubiquitous, and MRI is a premier noninvasive diagnostic tool. Combining the two, the emerging field of bulk metal MRI can be expected to grow in importance. The fundamental nature of results presented here may impact bulk metal MRI and CSI across many fields.
Some Algebraic Polynomials and Topological Indices of Octagonal Network
Authors: Kwun Young Chel , Nazeer Waqas , Munir Mobeen , Kang Shin Min
Published: November 2016

M-polynomial of different molecular structures helps to calculate many topological indices. A topological index of graph G is a numerical parameter related to G which characterizes its molecular topology and is usually graph invariant. In the field of quantitative structure-activity (QSAR) quantitative structure-activity structure-property (QSPR) research, theoretical properties of the chemical compounds and their molecular topological indices such as the Zagreb indices, Randic index, Symmetric division index, Harmonic index, Inverse sum index, Augmented Zagreb index, multiple Zagreb indices etc. are correlated. In this report, we compute closed forms of M-polynomial, first Zagreb polynomial and second Zagreb polynomial of Octagonal network. From the M-polynomial we recover some degree-based topological indices for Octagonal network. Moreover, we give a graphical representation of our results.
Estimating Resident’s Preference of the Land Use Program surrounding the Forest Park, Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chun-Hung , Wang Chiung-Hsin
Published: November 2016

This paper aims to build up a preference function to evaluate the public benefits of the type of agricultural farming, biodiversity, water provisions, land use type, ecotourism modes, and a monetary attribute (environmental trust fund and willingness to contribute) associated with an ecosystem service and land use program in a forest park. This study used the choice experiments to build a random utility model, analyze the average preference for the above land use attributes based on the conditional logit and used a latent class model to test the resident’s heterogeneous preferences for land use planning in the forest park. We also estimated the welfare derived from various land use programs. The empirical result had shown that: (1) increasing organic farming area, maintaining the status quo of species biodiversity, increasing the surface water provision, increasing the area of custom flora, increasing the wetland area, and setting up an integrated framework for ecotourism increase the public’s preference for the land use program; (2) we found that farmer and non-farmer haven’t the same land use preferences; (3) the ecotourism development program incorporating biodiversity, organic farming, ethnobotany, and wetland area with integrated ecotourism are more preferred than other land use program scenarios.
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Basic Biology, Current Treatment Strategies and Prospects for the Future
Authors: Ohmoto Akihiro , Rokutan Hirofumi , Yachida Shinichi
Published: November 2016

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) are rare tumors accounting for only 1-2% of all pancreatic tumors. pNENs are pathologically heterogeneous and are categorized into three groups (neuroendocrine tumor: NET G1, NET G2 and neuroendocrine carcinoma: NEC) on the basis of Ki-67 proliferation index and mitotic count according to the 2010 WHO classification of gastroenteropancreatic NENs. NEC in this classification includes both histologically well-differentiated and poorly differentiated subtypes, and modification of the WHO 2010 classification is under discussion based on genetic and clinical data. Genomic analysis has revealed NETs G1/G2 have genetic alterations in chromatin remodeling genes such as MEN1, DAXX and ATRX, whereas NECs have an inactivation of TP53 and RB1, and these data suggest that different treatment approaches would be required for NET G1/G2 and NEC. While there are promising molecular targeted drugs, such as everolimus or sunitinib, for advanced NET G1/G2, treatment stratification based on appropriate predictive and prognostic biomarkers is becoming an important issue. The clinical outcome of NEC is still dismal, and a more detailed understanding of the genetic backround together with preclinical studies to develop new agents, including those already under investigation for SCLC, will be needed to improve the prognosis.
The Mediating Role of Green Organizational Culture between Sustainability and Green Innovation: A Research in Turkish Companies
Authors: Tepe Küçükoğlu Mübeyyen , Pınar Recep İbrahim
Published: November 2016

This study aims to examine Turkish companies from a sustainability and green innovation point of view. Through this purpose, this research’s objective is to find out relationship between sustainability drivers and green innovation and also to search for green organizational culture’s mediation effect in this relationship. Survey was carried in companies operating in Turkey which were listed among İstanbul Chamber of Industry (ICI) Top 500 companies for last 3 years successively and have ISO14001 Environmental Management Certificate. According to the survey results, it was manifested that factors directing companies to sustainability having a positive relationship with green organizational culture and green innovation. It is found that there is a partial mediation effect of green organizational culture between motivating factors for sustainability and green innovation.
Shifting Paradigm of Governance in the Natural Resources Management of Bangladesh: A Centralist to Pluralistic Approach in the Forest Protected Areas Management
Authors: Rashid A. Z. M. Manzoor , Craig Donna , Mukul Sharif Ahmed
Published: November 2016

Good governance in natural resource management (NRM) is one of the most challenging issues in developing countries that often inappropriately embedded in national policies and political agendas. It is, in fact, even more important for countries like Bangladesh with exceptionally high pressure and dependence on its natural resources for sustaining rural livelihoods. Globally, nowadays, good governance is considered as one of the key factor for achieving the goal of sustainable development and biodiversity conservation. Bangladesh, of late has responded to that global zeal by involving local communities in the management of country’s declining forest and other natural resources. The colonial legacy of the forestry sector of Bangladesh was planned and, managed as interim projects through donors’ prescriptions. Thus, institutions, management processes and conservation outcomes were problematic. The conventional approach adopted by colonial and post-colonial regimes for forest management also proved to be inefficient due to its top-down management system. The absolute dependency on donor support, and their prescription sometimes worsened the situation both ecologically and socially. Global, regional and local trends supported the need for a different dimension in the governance paradigms. The introduction of a pluralistic approach, known as co-management in protected areas (PAs) is an example of an attempt whereby shared governance mechanism are implemented to attain the desired goals of conservation that will also address the livelihoods and aspirations of communities living in and around PAs of the country. However, in designing future forest and PA regimes the concern of the external aid support and attached conditions remain a reality that needs to be addressed. Adequate attention should be given to our vanishing biodiversity, culture and community livelihoods through devising an appropriate governance mechanism recognizing and supporting local rights, access and participation in the environmental management. It is now time to mainstream the adhoc nature of governance according to our national conservation strategy and policy frameworks in order to achieve the goals and objectives of the Bangladesh NRM sector addressing the human and community right of people in the specific context of forest protected areas management.
Selective Feeding and Microalgal Consumption Rates by Crown-of-Thorns Seastar (Acanthaster cf. solaris) Larvae
Authors: Mellin Camille , Lugrin Claire , Okaji Ken , Francis David S. , Uthicke Sven
Published: November 2016

Outbreaks of the crown-of-thorns seastar (CoTS) represent a major cause of coral loss on the Great Barrier Reef. Outbreaks might be explained by enhanced larval survival supported by higher phytoplankton availability after flood events, yet little is known about CoTS larvae feeding behaviour, in particular their potential for selective feeding. Here, single- and mixed-species feeding experiments were conducted on CoTS bipinnaria larvae using five algae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Pavlova lutheri, Tisochrysis lutea , Dunaliella sp. and Chaetoceros sp.) and two algal concentrations (1000 and 2500 algae mL-1). Cell counts using flow-cytometry at the beginning and end of each incubation experiment allowed us to calculate the filtration and ingestion rates of each species by CoTS larvae. In line with previous studies, CoTS larvae ingested more algae when initial algal concentration was higher. We found evidence for the selective ingestion of some species (Chaetoceros sp., Dunaliella sp.) over others (P. lutheri, P. tricornutum). The preferred algal species had the highest energy content, suggesting that CoTS selectively ingested the most energetic algae. Ultimately, combining these results with spatio-temporal patterns in phytoplankton communities will help elucidate the role of larval feeding behaviour in determining the frequency and magnitude of CoTS outbreaks.
Up-regulation of Lamin A/C Expression in Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalized B Cells and Burkitt Lymphoma Cell Lines of Activated B Cell Phenotype
Authors: Bánáti Ferenc , Koroknai Anita , Szenthe Kálmán , Tereh Tamás , Kovács Nóra , Hidasi Anita , Bánkuti Barbara , Buzás Krisztina , Lemnitzer Frederic , Ruzsics Zsolt , Szathmary Susan , Wolf Hans , Salamon Dániel , Minárovits János , Niller Hans-Helmut
Published: November 2016

Lamin A, B and C, the nuclear intermediate-filament proteins, play a role in epigenetic regulation. While Lamin B is expressed in all nucleated cells studied, Lamin A/C are transcribed in most somatic cell types except mature B lymphocytes. Since Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus, is associated with tumorigenic processes and is known to alter the epigenotype of its host cells, we studied the expression of the LMNA gene and its epigenetic marks in EBV-carrying human lymphoid cell lines. We observed a high lamin A/C mRNA and protein expression in EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) and in group III Burkitt lymphoma (BL) lines where hypomethylated first exons were observed with activating histone marks. In most cell lines with low promoter activity a highly methylated first exon could be detected. Our data showed that methylation of the first exon of LMNA was associated with the downregulation of LMNA expression whereas euchromatic histone marks were enriched at active LMNA promoters in EBV-immortalized LCLs. These data suggest a role for viral latency products to activate LMNAp in EBV-infected latency type III B cells in vitro. Expression of lamin A/C may contribute to the establishment of activated B cell phenotype that needs further explorations.
IQGAP1 in Podosome /Invadosome is Involved in the Progression of Glioblastoma Multiforme Depending on the Tumor Status
Authors: Rotoli Deborah , Pérez-Rodríguez Natalia , Morales Manuel , Maeso María Del Carmen , Ávila Julio , Mobasheri Ali , Martín-Vasallo Pablo
Published: November 2016

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor. GBM is formed by a very heterogeneous astrocyte population, neurons, neovascularization and infiltrating myeloid cells (microglia and monocyte derived macrophages). The IQGAP1 scaffold protein interacts with components of the cytoskeleton, cell adhesion molecules, and several signaling molecules to regulate cell morphology and motility, cell cycle and other cellular functions. IQGAP1 overexpression and delocalization has been observed in several tumors, suggesting a role for this protein in cell proliferation, transformation and invasion. IQGAP1 has been identified as a marker of amplifying cancer cells in GBMs. To determine the involvement of IQGAP1 in the onco-biology of GBM, we performed immunohistochemical confocal microscopical analysis of the IQGAP1 protein in human GBM tissue samples using cell type-specific markers. IQGAP1 immunostaining and subcellular localization was heterogeneous; the protein was located in the plasma membrane and, at variable levels, in nucleus and/or cytosol). Moreover, IQGAP1 positive staining was found in podosome/invadopodia-like structures. IQGAP1+ staining was observed in neurons (Map2+ cells), in cancer stem cells (CSC; nestin+) and in several macrophages (CD31+ or Iba1+). Our results indicate that the IQGAP1 protein is involved in normal cell physiology and also in oncologic processes.
In-Situ Assessment of PAHs in Contaminated Sea Sediments
Authors: Frapiccini Emanuela , Prokofyeva Evgeniya , Bondarenko Antonina , Ruello Maria Letizia , Marini Mauro
Published: November 2016

The present study describes the activities performed to test a new method for measuring the mobility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the solid phase of sediments within the context of environmental pollution risk assessment. The method is based on the design of a new configuration (new materials) of the commercial passive sampler Chemcatcher as probe for predicting the bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants in marine sediments (or in water saturated soils).
Screening for Triterpenoid Saponins in Plants Using Hyphenated Analytical Platforms
Authors: Khakimov Bekzod , Tseng Li Hong , Godeljohann Markus , Bak Søren , Engelsen Søren Balling
Published: November 2016

Recently the number of studies investigating triterpenoid saponins has drastically increased due to their diverse and potentially attractive biological activities. Currently the literature contains chemical structures of few hundreds of triterpenoid saponins of plant and animal origin. Triterpenoid saponins consist of a triterpene aglycone with one or more sugar moieties attached to it. However, due to similar physico-chemical properties, isolation and identification of a large diversity of triterpenoid saponins remain challenging. This study demonstrates a methodology to screen saponins using hyphenated analytical platforms, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, and LC-SPE-NMR/MS, in the example of two different phenotypes of the model plant Barbarea vulgaris (winter cress), glabrous (G) and pubescent (P) type that are known to differ by their insect resistance. The proposed methodology allows for detailed comparison of saponin profiles from intact plant extracts as well as saponin aglycone profiles from hydrolysed samples. Continuously measured 1D proton NMR data during LC separation along with mass spectrometry data revealed significant differences, including contents of saponins, types of aglycones and numbers of sugar moieties attached to the aglycone. A total of 49 peaks were tentatively identified as saponins from both plants; they are derived from eight types of aglycones and with 2–5 sugar moieties. Identification of two previously known insect-deterrent saponins, hederagenin cellobioside and oleanolic acid cellobioside, demonstrated the applicability of the methodology for relatively rapid screening of bioactive compounds.
Efficient Removal of Dyes Using Almond Husk as a Natural Adsorbent
Authors: M. Bhanuprakash , S.L. Belagali
Published: November 2016

Industrialization and urbanization is considered as, one of major threat to pollution of air, soil and water systems. Among these, water pollution is considered as important one. The addition of various pollutants to water resources is considered as major threat for deterioration of water quality and makes it unsuitable for domestic purposes. Out of many water pollutants, dyes are considered as most hazardous for the plants, animals and human beings. So, it is very important to conserve water due to limited availability. In the present study, almond husk was neutraceutical spent used as adsorbent for the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions in batch mode experiments. Parameters like contact time, pH, adsorbent concentration, adsorbent dose were studied. The results show that, almond husk is a very good adsorbent for the removal of dyes from the aqueous medium. The adsorption isotherms like Freudlich and Langmuir model were calculated and found to be favorable.  
Word Sense Disambiguation Using Semantic Web for Tamil to English Statistical Machine Translation
Authors: T.S. Santosh Kumar
Published: November 2016

        Machine Translation has been an area of linguistic research for almost more than two decades now. But it still remains a very challenging task for devising an automated system which will deliver accurate translations of the natural languages. However, great strides have been made in this field with more success owing to the development of technologies of the web and off late there is a renewed interest in this area of research. 

       Technological advancements in the preceding two decades have influenced Machine Translation in a considerable way. Several MT approaches including Statistical Machine Translation greatly benefitted from these advancements, basically making use of the availability of extensive corpora. Web technology web3.0 uses the semantic web technology which represents any object or resource in the web both syntactically and semantically.  This type of representation is very much useful for the computing systems to search any content on the internet similar to lexical search and improve the internet based translations making it more effective and efficient.

       In this paper we propose a technique to improve existing statistical Machine Translation methods by making use of semantic web technology. Our focus will be on Tamil and Tamil to English MT. The proposed method could successfully integrate a semantic web technique in the process of WSD which forms part of the MT system. The integration is accomplished by using the capabilities of RDFS and OWL into the WSD component of the MT model. The contribution of this work lies in showing that integrating a Semantic web technique in the WSD system significantly improves the performance of a statistical MT system for a translation from Tamil to English.

       In this paper we assume the availability of large corpora in Tamil language and specific domain based ontologies with Tamil semantic web technology using web3.0. We are positive on the expansion and development of Tamil semantic web and subsequently infer that Tamil to English MT will greatly improve the disambiguation concept apart from other related benefits. This method could enable the enhancement of translation quality by improving on word sense disambiguation process while text is translated from Tamil to English language. This method can also be extended to other languages such as Hindi and Indian Languages.
INDONESIA AND THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY: A TUSSLE BETWEEN HUMAN AND CULTURE IN THE REGIONAL MATERIALISM SUBLIMATION
Authors: Setiawan Topan
Published: November 2016

This study aimed to feel the subtle vibrations of a “project” of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), the human dimension and its culture. However AEC becomes part of the life history of the nations of Southeast Asia, particularly in the visible measures, such as economic growth, the economic stability of the region or the increasing of intra-regional trade volume. It means, that we feel it in the materialist dimension, or “vibrations” a “rough”. Besides, this study attempted to feel the euphoria of the other aspects. This paper will track a bit more deeply about Indonesian and its culture. Also there will be an effort to seek traces (perhaps disguised) in regional sublimation materialism “project” by AEC. Strive to be this insight led to the discovery that regional sublimation Reviews their materialism, for the next attempt to pave the way consciousness. Also, how sublimation material, it is not exactly cornered people and cultures. Another invention is the reification of culture, which it is the manifestation, in the form of Materialization on social relations, by considering it as a thing freely. Similarly, it is forgetting the historical trail of goods/services. Search back on local wisdom, seems to be one way that can be taken.
UNIVERSITY WOMEN PERCEPTIONS ON MIGRATION (MERANTAU) AND WORKING OVERSEAS IN FACING ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
Authors: Diniaty Amirah , Kustati Martin
Published: November 2016

This descriptive study aims to explore university women’ perceptions on migration (Merantau) and working overseas in facing Asean Economic Community. 300 participants were identified using accidental random sampling. A Survey was used in this study. The finding showed that 69.4%) of respondents perceived that women have important roles in empowering their family economy. Then, 76.3% of them acknowledged that working overseas have provided significant improvement of economy for their family in the village.). 61.3% of respondents stated that they went abrad to continue their study to Post graduate programme. Meanwhile, there were only 35.3% of respondents declared that they wanted to work in Indonesia. Other 3% of respondents acknowledged that they wanted to become household and their husband shoud fulfill their daily life expenses. It also found that 85% of Minangkabau women could compete in having good career as compared with Women in ASEAN countries.74.3% declared that they must improve their softskill capabilities. Finally, there 85.3% of respondents declared that they were ready to face Asean Economic community (AEC).
DEVELOP QUALITY PEOPLE THROUGH DA’WAH IN THE FACE OF THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (AEC)
Authors: Mubasyaroh Mubasyaroh
Published: November 2016

Recent decades, we often hear the advent of the Asean Economic Community (AEC) which is a community that is struggling in the field of free market economies in particular, so it requires some readiness; economic, capital, and the equally important need readiness of human resources as the party who run the economy. For Indonesia alone, MEA will be an opportunity for trade barriers will tend to diminish even be non-existent. This will impact on increasing exports, which in turn will increase the GDP of Indonesia. On the other hand, the Muslims as the vast majority of Indonesia's population must face the Asean Economic Community (AEC). In this case Indonesian Muslims should be careful and ready to face the AEC. Campaigners Indonesian economy began to prepare for the era of free markets that will be enforced. The era of the free market itself is the result of the formation of the Asean Economic Community (AEC). The free market itself covering the areas of capital, goods and services, and labor. In this regard, please note that the mission is a process conducted by a conscious and planned to invite the people to the path of Allah, to improve the situation for the better (da’wah is the promotion and development) in order to achieve certain goals, namely to live happily in the world hereafter. In this paper will attempt to peel da’wah efforts in developing the quality of the people in the face of the Asean Economic Community (AEC).
Ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigos vadovo lyderystės teorinės prielaidos
Authors: Dambrauskienė Dalia
Published: November 2016

Straipsnyje apibrėžiama lyderystės samprata, atskleidžiamos mokslininkų darbuose, teisės aktuose egzistuojančios ikimokyklinio ugdymo įstaigos vadovo lyderystės teorinės prielaidos.Visuomenėje nuolat vykstantys pokyčiai sąlygoja socialinę ir ekonominę visuomenės kaitą, sparčią mokslo ir technologijų raidą. Apie būtinybę visuomenei keistis, apie lyderystę ir vadovavimo kompetencijų svarbą švietimo bendruomenėse ir institucijose kalbama Europos ir Lietuvos strateginiuose ir švietimo politikos dokumentuose. Pokyčius ikimokyklinio ugdymo sektoriuje, keičiant įstaigų vadovavimo būdą, įtraukiant bendruomenes į sprendimų priėmimą ir jų įgyvendinimą, atnaujinant ugdymo programas ir jas realizuojant, sąlygoja ir atnaujinta ikimokyklinį ugdymą apibrėžianti įstatymų bazė.Lietuvos ir užsienio mokslininkai nagrinėja lyderystės temą, atlieka mokslinius tyrimus, orientuodamiesi į lyderystės raiškos analizę bendrojo lavinimo mokyklose. Analizuojant atliktų lyderystės švietimo sektoriuje mokslinių tyrimų duomenis, ir Lietuvoje, ir užsienyje pasigendama lyderystės klausimų išsamaus nagrinėjimo, mokslinių tyrimų apie lyderystę ikimokyklinio ugdymo sektoriuje: ikimokyklinio ugdymo vadovų darnią lyderystę, jų gebėjimus, lyderystės raišką asmeniniu, švietimo įstaigos ir išorės subjektų lygmeniu.
Studentų vardai Šiaulių universitete
Authors: Lukošienė Renata
Published: November 2016

Nors lietuvių asmenvardžiai yra gana intensyviai tyrinėjami jau daug metų, tačiau Šiaulių universiteto studentų vardai yra mažai nagrinėti. Šiame straipsnyje siekiama ištirti Šiaulių universiteto studentų vardus sociolingvistiniu aspektu, atlikti kalbinę ir statistinę vardų analizę, apžvelgti studentų vardų įvairovę, jų populiarumą, vardų kilmę ir semantinę motyvaciją. Ištirti 7 166 studentų, studijavusių Šiaulių universitete 2000–2015 metais, vardai, iš kurių 5 776 yra merginų vardai, 1 390 – vaikinų vardai. Per analizuojamą laikotarpį suskaičiuoti 735 skirtingi vardai, iš kurių 491 yra moterų vardas, 244 – vyrų vardai. Nustatyta, kad populiariausias moters vardas yra sulotynintas graikiškos kilmės vardas Kristina (180 studenčių), antras pagal dažnumą – lietuviškas vardas Lina (177 studentės), trečias – graikiškos kilmės Jurgita (154 studentės). Dominuojantis vaikinų vardas yra hebrajiškos kilmės vardas Tomas (72 studentai), antroje vietoje – lietuviškas vardas Mindaugas (54 studentai), trečioje – graikiškas vardas Andrius (41 studentas). Išanalizavus vardų etimologiją pastebėta, kad tarp labiausiai paplitusių moterų vardų daugiausia yra lietuviškos kilmės vardų, pavyzdžiui, Aušra, Daiva, Jūratė, Rasa, Vaida, o populiariausių vyrų vardų dalyje vyrauja kalendoriniai krikštavardžiai – hebrajų, graikų, lotynų, germanų ir keltų.Tyrimo metu surinkti duomenys lyginami su Lietuvoje registruotais vaikų vardais (remtasi Valstybinės lietuvių kalbos komisijos parengto Lietuvos Respublikos piliečių sąvado ir Gyventojų registro tarnybos duomenimis).Išanalizavus studentų vardus paaiškėjo, kad kai kurie lietuviški vardai turi aiškią motyvuotą semantiką: vardai, reiškiantys charakterio, asmenybės požymius; vardai, susiję su tam tikrais gamtos reiškinių ir augalų pavadinimais. Daug nelietuviškos kilmės vardų atspindi teigiamas socialines ir kultūrines visuomenės ypatybes.Atliktas tyrimas parodė, kad Šiaulių universiteto studentų vardai atspindi socialinę ir kultūrinę visuomenės atmosferą, išryškina visuomenėje dominuojančias vertybes. Tai parodė senųjų lietuviškų vardų ir kalendorinių krikštavardžių didelis populiarumas bei mažesnis apeliatyvinių ir neįprastų, vengtinų deminutyvinių vardų paplitimas.