bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global seismic horizon interpretation based on data mining — A new tool for seismic geomorphologic study
Authors: Hong Zhong , Su Mingjun , Qian Feng , Hu Guangmin , Han Qingyun
Published: November 2019

Accurate and efficient seismic horizon interpretation is important for seismic geomorphology study. By integrating the improved density-based clustering method to generate horizon patches and a heuristic combining strategy to merge horizon patches, we have developed a novel data mining approach to automatically extract globally optimal horizons for detailed geomorphologic interpretation. First, the application of improved density-based clustering method has distinct merits in calculation speed and avoiding the phenomenon of mis-ties. We design a heuristic combining strategy to effectively combine the horizon patches. It is also able to ameliorate the problem of mis-ties that frequently occurs in horizon picking. Second, the proposed algorithm can identify abnormal unit in terms of independent horizon fragments. Furthermore, the introduced method is capable of detecting small-scale seismic geomorphologic features. The applications indicate good real-time performance of our new global interpretation algorithm in automated-tracking speed and quality. Our method can resolve the problem of mis-ties in cases of complex seismic reflection to a certain extent. Besides, not only are a series of channels separately recognized, but also small-scale meandering rivers are clearly mapped. Our algorithm is capable of adding more geologic information and realizing a better showcase of geomorphologic features.
Question about the Ethics of Yalta Agreements in 1945. Archaeology of Power in Historiographical Discourses
Authors: Shevchenko Oleg Konstantinovich
Published: November 2019

The Crimea (Yalta) Conference is by all means an extremely complex historical event. Any attempt to estimate its role and significance without analyzing its ethical components would unavoidably result in unduly simplifying the historical reality of the time, as well as in forming erroneous assumptions that would necessarily be used in the analysis of the causes of Cold War. A thorough examination will show that as far as the ‘ethical’ issues are concerned, there are significant developments with regard to general methodology, as well as its application to the sources. Generations of historians who have addressed the issue of Yalta Conference, although they have not been able to form a scientific, distinct ‘ethical’ tradition so far, have developed all the necessary prerequisites for its establishment. This is evident in the possibility of segmenting the issue in two parts on the one hand, and on the other in the availability of sufficient sources, structured databases, and selected outstanding works. Still, there are no studies about the Yalta Conference so far that address exclusively ethical issues concerning ‘good’ and ‘evil,’ ‘morality,’ ‘duty,’ and ‘honor.’ Although historiographical approaches are to a large extent dependent upon ethical viewpoints, in the case of Yalta agreements so far there have been no techniques available, so as to connect historical accounts with ideology, and historical facts with their philosophical background. In a sense, the situation is quite the same as it is with the study of prehistory: although there is an abundance of data and facts that can be primarily processed, there are no methodological guidelines, nor any devices to classify and explain them. This is also typical for any question raised about the ethics of the Yalta agreements in February 1945.
Animating Sympathetic Feelings. An Analysis of the Nature of Sympathy in the Accounts of David Hume’s Treatise
Authors: Borza Natalia
Published: November 2019

Sympathy is a powerful principle in human nature, which can change our passions, sentiments and ways of thinking. For the 18th century Scottish philosopher David Hume, sympathy is a working mechanism accountable for a wide range of communication: the ways of interacting with the others’ affections, emotions, sentiments, inclinations, ways of thinking and even opinions. The present paper intends to find a systematic reading of Hume’s Treatise of Human Nature (1739) from the point of view of what the mechanism of sympathetic communication implies in terms of strengthening our action of understanding, of being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of others. Hume’s description of the sympathetic mechanism appears to suggest that sympathetic passions come upon us purely by natural means in a passive manner, without the active use of any of our faculties. Consequently, scholarly attention is drawn to the mechanistic character of the sympathetic process; its automatic nature is emphasized to such an extent that some experts even find it to be completely void of any reflective process. The current study investigates to what extent the sympathetic process can actively be modified and in what manner sympathetic feelings can be generated as described in Hume’s system of emotions. The paper identifies at which points the otherwise mechanically and passively operating process of sympathetic feelings is open to be modified by actively altering or strengthening certain skeletal points of the mechanism. I argue that the alterations can be initiated by the person who receives the sympathetic feelings and also by the person whose passions are transmitted, moreover even by a third party. In a seemingly mechanic model, there is room for altering or at least amplifying one’s sympathetic feelings.
Ontology of Time as a Deconstruction of Space. An essay on the Philosophy of Byzantine music
Authors: Solunchev Risto
Published: November 2019

In this paper the author examines the ontology of Byzantine music in its self, its aesthetical ground, the philosophical and cultural principles of creation, its episteme, the epistemological field that produced its forms from the 12th till the 14th century, and why that musical ontology hasn’t change through the centuries. The paper discusses in partucular Ernst Bloch’s view that the only evolutionary expression of the Absolute spirit as far as music is concerned, is Western classical music. The author claims that the Western and the Byzantine music stand for two totally distinct and diverse ontologies of the musical being, something that Bloch seems to overlook; this, according to the author, is mostly due to the different systems of representation that have been used, and especially the representational ideas of the time-space relation. The author supports the view that while Western music is spatially-modeled, Byzantine music is time-modeled.
Online Decision Making with High-Dimensional Covariates
Authors: Bastani Hamsa , Bayati Mohsen
Published: November 2019

Decision-makers increasingly have access to rich customer-specific data, providing an opportunity to make better, personalized service decisions. For example, in healthcare, doctors can personalize interventions based on a patient’s clinical history; in marketing, companies can target ads based on customer purchase history. However, the increased variety of potentially relevant customer data implies that an individual’s covariates may be high dimensional, which, in turn, poses statistical challenges for learning personalized decision-making policies. In “Online Decision-Making with High-Dimensional Covariates,” H. Bastani and M. Bayati introduce the LASSO Bandit, an adaptive decision-making algorithm that efficiently leverages high-dimensional user covariates by learning sparse models of decision rewards. The authors illustrate the practical relevance of such an approach by evaluating it against a personalized medication dosing problem, finding that the LASSO Bandit outperforms existing bandit methods and physicians in correctly dosing a majority of patients.
Os imperadores suetonianos em Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
Authors: Torres dos Santos Bruno
Published: November 2019

O presente trabalho busca discutir, através da análise de traduções próprias, as referências aos imperadores romanos, descritos e consagrados pelo biógrafo Suetônio em Vida dos Césares, na obra Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis. Aquele, no início do século II da era comum, demonstrou os vícios e as virtudes dos imperadores, inclusive, enfatizando os escândalos de suas cortes. Já Machado trouxe à tona as vaidades e as ambições da burguesia brasileira do século XIX. Então, analisaremos e interpretaremos o uso destes personagens históricos para a criação literária no referido romance, partindo do pressuposto de que eles poderiam passar despercebidos por leitores modernos que não recuperassem as referências à cultura, à literatura e à história da Roma Antiga.
Lucíola e o trágico: estudo acerca das marcas do herói trágico em um perfil de mulher alencariano
Authors: Victor Heitor
Published: November 2019

Recorrer aos clássicos para entender nosso tempo não é mesmo nenhuma novidade. Apelar para a tragédia grega a fim de identificar o que persiste em nossa compreensão acerca de nós mesmos se tornou lugar comum de investigações em diversas áreas de interesse. Tal estratégia se repete em razão, evidentemente, de uma inesgotável potência alegórica acerca da existência humana. O que pretendo neste breve trabalho é uma análise, em linha comparativa, das marcas do trágico na heroína Lúcia de Alencar, personagem que o próprio autor considera um de seus perfis de mulher. Para tal, dialogo com Benjamin, que se apresenta como um elo de compreensão do herói trágico, figura esta que se mostrou mais longeva do que a própria tragédia helênica.
A agogé espartana
Authors: De Lima Oliveira Luciene
Published: November 2019

Em Esparta, a coragem fazia parte da formação do caráter de um homem. O desenvolvimento da coragem era uma obsessão espartana, os guerreiros não deviam ter medo de nada, sendo resistentes aos ferimentos, odiando qualquer demonstração de covardia e, extremamente, dedicados à pólis. Cada espartano tinha de ser um soldado perfeito e sua maior glória era morrer em batalha; retornar derrotado, jamais. Desse modo, toda a sociedade e educação espartana estavam voltadas para a guerra. Uma das frases atribuídas às mães espartanas era: “espero que meu filho volte com o seu escudo, ou deitado sobre ele”. Assim é que este artigo tem por escopo discorrer a respeito da agogé espartana, que era um tipo de educação peculiar com fins extremamente belicosos.
Optical transport network design beyond 100  Gbaud [Invited]
Authors: Pedro João , Costa Nelson , Pato Sílvia
Published: November 2019

Optical line interface technology has been the key enabler to reduce the cost per bit transported, thus cost-effectively scaling optical transport networks and mitigating or even avoiding the need to roll out or lease additional optical fibers. However, this technology is reaching fundamental limits, hampering the expectation of significant gains in spectral efficiency in the foreseeable future. State-of-the-art line interfaces already exploit symbol rates that are roughly twice those available with the preceding generations to increase per-channel capacity, and this trend is likely to continue. In the short term, harvesting the benefits of introducing these interfaces mostly depends on the installed reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer infrastructure. In the longer term, the impact of further increases in the symbol rate also depends on the evolution of the dominant client data rates and on the channel format selection strategies. Considering a reference transport network and extrapolating how client traffic rates and line interface baud rates will evolve, this work presents a preliminary assessment of the potential benefits and shortcomings of state-of-the-art and future generations of line interfaces.
Information and communication technologies and economic development in Africa in the short and long run
Authors: Evans Olaniyi
Published: November 2019

This study investigates the relationship between information and communication technologies (ICTs) and economic development in Africa for the period 2001–15 using Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and panel Granger analysis, which accounts for cross-sectional dependence. The empirical results show that ICTs have significant positive effects on economic development. Similarly, the results show that ICTs lead to economic development and economic development also leads to greater investment in ICTs both in the short and in the long run. ICTs therefore play significant roles in economic development and in turn economic development plays significant roles in the expansion of ICTs in Africa both in the short and in the long run. The study concludes that the rapid growth of mobile telephony and Internet penetration in Africa can be used to promote the needed economic development in the continent not only in the short run but also in the long run.
PROPOSTA DE UM SISTEMA DE COMPARTILHAMENTO DE BICICLETAS COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA A MOBILIDADE URBANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE JOINVILLE – SC
Authors: Adão Nilton Manoel Lacerda , Auras Josiane Signorati
Published: November 2019

O compartilhamento de bicicletas é uma solução recente para a mobilidadeurbana sustentável, que tem um papel importante na integração intermodal, tendo havido grande adesão por cidades no mundo na última década. Trata-se de um tema de grande relevância, aliando-se à meta do Plano de Mobilidade de Joinville de elevar o índice de deslocamentos por bicicletas de 11% em 2015 para 20% em 2025. Para tanto, a partir da apresentação dos pressupostos teóricos, que fundamentam os modelos de compartilhamento de bicicletas, procurou-se pesquisar a respeito dos sistemas em funcionamento nos municípios de Santos (SP) e Vitória (ES), dada a semelhança de porte populacional. Como resultado, apresentou-se uma proposta de modelo de sistema a ser aplicado em Joinville, que difere dessas cidades por propor a implementação por incremento de áreas, ao invés de aumento na densidade de estações, uma vez que a tentativa de universalizar localização afeta diretamente o nível de serviços.
Eski Anadolu Türkçesi Kur'an Tercümelerinde Esmâ-i Hüsnâ'yı Karşılayan Söz Varlığı
Authors: KUYMA Erol
Published: November 2019

Eski Anadolu Türkçesi döneminde yazılmış satır altı
Kur’an tercümeleri, Türkçenin söz varlığı açısından zengin veri kaynaklarıdır.
Temel amacı, Arapça bilmeyen halkın kendi dilinde Kur’an’ı okuyup anlamasını
sağlamak olan bu çevirilerde, mütercimler hem konunun hassasiyeti gereği hem de
halkın kullandığı dili temsilen titiz davranmışlardır. Satır altlarında “bire
bir kelime çevirisi” şeklinde oluşturulan bu tercümeler, yazıldıkları dönemin
dil özelliklerini ortaya koyma bakımından önemli eserlerdir. Tercümeler, Arapça
karşısında Türkçenin ifade gücünü göstermesi açısından da ayrı bir öneme
sahiptirler. Bu konuda daha önce yapılan benzer çalışmalara ek olarak Kur’an’da
Esmâ-Hüsna’nın (Allah’ın en güzel isimleri) geçtiği yerler incelenip aynı
Esmâ’nın Türkçedeki farklı karşılıkları da tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Esmâ-i Hüsnâ’ya karşılık gelen ifadeler yapı bakımından sınıflandırılmıştır.
Sınıflandırma sonucunda sıfat-fiilllerin ve sıfat-fiil gruplarının Esmâ’ların
Türkçe ifadesinde yoğun bir şekilde tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Bir
Türkçeleştirme yöntemi olarak karşımıza çıkan bu kullanımlar anlam boyutu ile
ayrı bir öneme sahip olan Allah’ın isimlerinin dönem Türkçesine özgü
karşılıklarıdır. Kur’an’ın Türkçe çevirilerinde, dilde var olan kelime
ihtiyacına Türkçe kelimelerle bu dönemde ne şekilde cevap verildiği ve Türk
dilinin kelime türetmede ve söz diziminde nasıl hareket ettiği açıkça
görülebilmektedir. Yapılan bu tarz çalışmaların günümüz Türkçesi söz varlığına
ve sözlük çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacağı umulmaktadır.
Toward Formulating Evidence-Based Principles of LGB-Affirmative Psychotherapy
Authors: Proujansky Rachel A. , Pachankis John E.
Published: November 2019

In this commentary, we review eight potential LGB-affirmative psychotherapy principles for improving minority stress coping among sexual minority clients.  We illustrate these principles with examples from both Mandel’s (2014) treatment approach and our clinical research team’s recent attempt to create and test the efficacy of a treatment employing these principles in an ongoing randomized controlled trial.  These principles are grounded in empirical research regarding the mechanisms through which minority stress compromises the mental health of sexual minority individuals and are supported by clinical expert consensus.  The specific principles that we review include: 1) normalizing the mental health impact of minority stress, 2) facilitating emotion awareness, regulation, and acceptance, 3) decreasing avoidance, 4) restructuring minority stress cognitions, 5) empowering sexual minority clients to communicate assertively, 6) validating sexual minority individuals’ unique strengths, 7) building supportive relationships, and 8) affirming healthy, rewarding expressions of sexuality.  We believe that Mandel’s skillful approach to helping her hybrid client Adam cope with minority stressors, such as internalized homophobia, and associated mental health problems such as substance abuse and depression, to form a healthy identity as a gay man represents an exemplary demonstration of these principles in action.
Moral Judgment Competence Between Systems and Administration Students
Authors: Francia Victor Hugo Robles
Published: November 2019

It is assumed that the university education positively impacts the student’s moral reasoning. The purpose of this research was to examine the Moral judgment competence MJC between systems and management students at a public university in Hidalgo, Mexico. The effectiveness of their curricula and the university years have impact on students’ moral judgment competence. Data was collected through survey exploration with the Moral Judgment Test completed by 272 administration students and 79 systems students of all semesters. The moral judgment competence was evaluated by C index. The C index score was higher for the management than the systems students. The C index score was slightly lower for senior than freshman students. The scholar years did not improve the senior students’ C index, more years of university career were not associated with the senior students’ C index score. Additionally, the results indicated that moral judgment Competence is the same in any gender of the students. Planned moral judgment competence in university curricula is necessary to improve students’ moral reasoning. In this paper, background, theoretical framework, results are discussed.
Dialogiczność jako warunek konstytuowania się podmiotu. Refleksje wokół Sporu o podmiotowość
Authors: Skrzypczak Alicja
Published: November 2019

The aim of  the  paper  is  to  show  the  conditions  of  subjectivity constitution in terms of dialogue and the figure of the Other. The analytical and hermeneutical approach I hold is the foundation of interdisciplinary attempt to describe  possible  concepts  of  shared  relation of the terms: consciousness, subjectivity and identity. The three appear to be recognized only in the ethical situation. It requires taking responsibility for the Other, for giving him the identity which mirrors one’s subjectivity. In this way the subject learns the limits and chances for gaining self-knowledge. The paper also presents a new approach towards redefining the definition of subjectivity, which includes artificially and medically enhanced entities.
Komplexe Überlieferungssituationen und Probleme des Autorisationsbegriffs, am Beispiel Goethes
Authors: Pravida Dietmar , Brüning Gerrit
Published: November 2019

The paper discusses the problems of complex textual transmission, as is typical for the works of Goethe. The method of eclectic editing as practiced by earlier editors was ruled out by the modern concept of ‘authorization’ introduced by Siegfried Scheibe in 1971. The history of the concept of ‘authorization’ shows that Scheibe’s definition of ‘authorization’ is misconstrued on conceptual reasons alone. Besides, it is closely tied to bygone polemical purposes and does not allow complex textual transmission (as in the case of Faust II) to be adequately dealt with. Hans Zeller, by contrast, proposed to reconsider complex textual transmissions and their consequences for editorial theory in 1989. This reconsideration, however, has failed to take place so far. The new Faust edition (2018) proposes an editorial solution to the problem with a non-documentary yet historically specific (i. e. non-eclectic) way of constituting the text. Scheibe’s primary editorial objectives may be better achieved without the concept of authorization which it is proposed should be dropped altogether.
Persönliche Schriften: ‘Scalable reading’ für Briefe, Tagebücher und Notizen
Authors: Hildenbrandt Vera , Kamzelak Roland S.
Published: November 2019

Criteria for distinguishing between correspondences, diaries and notes are soft. Almost all elements to markup letters are needed for the description of diaries or notes and vice versa. So these document types can be grouped as personal writings and explored together rather than separately. The essay argues in favor of the similarities rather than the differences between the material and for a markup that in a portal allows scalable reading to help find new research questions and answers.
Oligarchs in Ukrainian Foreign Policymaking: Examining Influences in Transnational Politics
Authors: Zubytska Lidiya
Published: November 2019

In this research I argue that the oligarchic interests in Ukraine are key components in understanding how Ukraine’s leaders built the country’s foreign relations with the EU and Russia in the post-Orange revolution period, under the presidency of Viktor Yushchenko and in the first two years of Viktor Yanukovych, from 2005 to 2012. The uncertainty of the Ukrainian political transition put distinct constraints on its political actors and prompted them to rely on economic elites rather than voters to secure personal political gains, thereby opening the foreign policy decision-making process to the interests of oligarchs who stood behind the two presidents.
The Business-superman: Oligarchs Justifying Giving in Post-Soviet Ukraine
Authors: Söderbaum Hanna
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the self-proclaimed public role of two Ukrainian oligarchs with special attention to how they justify their initiatives surrounding giving. Since the term oligarch has generally negative connotations in Ukrainian society, individuals who are in the public eye and perceived of as oligarchs have a strong need for legitimacy. The assumption is that the increased engagement in giving among the wealthy elite is connected to this need. Building on the theory of justifications and logics of worth by Boltanski & Thevenot and Boltanski & Chiapello, this study examines the donors’ perspective of the phenomenon: How do wealthy elite actors and their charitable organizations’ representatives explain their engagement in giving and their choice of philanthropic causes? The analysis builds on interviews with oligarchs published in the Ukrainian and international press as well as original interviews with foundation directors and employees. This paper demonstrates, on the one hand, an increasingly strong preference for efficiency, systemic approaches and statistics, belonging to the managerial world of worth. On the other hand, reference to authority, responsibility, loyalty and personal connections, belonging to the domestic world of worth, are also important in the value system. These two types of worth logics, in combination with a rhetoric of the inefficiency of the state, create the promotion of a self-appointed business-superman. Contrary to Schumpeter’s thesis of the dying entrepreneur, the dynamic of justification logics suggests that the current kind of capitalistic entrepreneur is highly sensitive and adjustable to social and political changes.
Global Arms Production and Ukraine’s Unpredictable Soviet Inheritance
Authors: Kulick Orysia
Published: November 2019

Ukraine is very much a part of the global arms trade – both as a producer of components of military hardware, as well as a source of illicit weapons fuelling conflicts worldwide. The latter development has in fact become worse since the outbreak of war in the Donbass in 2014. Part of this connectivity to global markets is bound up in the country’s Soviet inheritance, a vast network of military-industrial facilities that underpinned defence production in the 1950s-1980s. The Soviets were then engaged in a power struggle with the West over geopolitical influence, military superiority and, of course, nuclear parity. A far less understood consequence of this focus on defence was its impact on Soviet politics, particularly the rising prominence of regional economic elites from southeastern Ukraine, who came to be disproportionately represented in the Kremlin under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev. This article examines this inheritance in three parts. The first maps out how changing economic and security priorities after Stalin laid the groundwork for regional elites in Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv, Donetsk, and Kharkiv to cluster in significant ways, fundamentally altering the political landscape of the Soviet Union. The second part examines how that landscape was changed by the dissolution of the union and independence in 1991, in particular, how denuclearization, reforms to the defence sector and privatization altered the relationship of regional economic elites to centres of power in Moscow and Kyiv and made the emergence of the oligarchs possible. The third and final part examine continuities between past and present as it pertains to the current historical moment, specifically lingering infrastructural concerns and conflicts of interest that precipitated a major conflict between the Soviet Union’s two largest successor states.
Die Rübenzuckerindustrie im Süd-Westen des Zarenreiches und die neuen Agrareliten
Authors: Petrenko Olena
Published: November 2019

In the second half of the 19th century, sugar beet started its triumphal march through the southern provinces of the Russian Empire, where it soon became a main crop in the process of the modernization of agriculture. The beet-growing agricultural enterprises were considered by the state authorities as prime examples for the use of modern technology, increasing yields and more efficient organization of labour. Entrepreneurs from the sugar beet industry were people of very different social background. Using individual educational and capital resources, they benefitted enormously from the recently discovered sugar-bearing crop.

This contribution focuses on the emergence and establishment of the beet sugar industry and the associated emergence of a new agrarian elite. Petrenko outlines the spread of beet sugar production in the Russian Empire, paying particular attention to its south-western region. Focusing on the development of the beet sugar industry, her analysis sheds light on the connections between the onset of modernization and the actions of individual actors. In order to illustrate the new entrepreneurial activity, this contribution outlines the rise and fall of the two rural “beet sugar dynasties” – that of the Yahnenko and the Symyrenko families.
Necessity or Luxury? Welfare Work in the Company Towns of the Russian Empire
Authors: Kulikov Volodymyr
Published: November 2019

Based on research into company towns in late imperial Russia, the author investigates the reasons why businesses financed welfare work. It is argued that companies targeted different social layers in their towns with various programmes offered as fringe benefits to retain their competitive edge for skilled employees on the labour market. Corporate money was also spent on luxuries such as theatres, social clubs, and similar provisions. All these were designed to attract managers and other salaried professionals whose economic and social weight increased dramatically after the managerial revolution in the late nineteenth century. However, the so-called “principal-agent problem” meant that some salaried managers spent corporate money for their own benefit, effectively turning welfare work into their own privilege. To prevent the misuse of welfare work, business owners had to control and incentivize their salaried managers (agents) to act in accordance with the company stockholders’ (the principals) best interests.
Prior-based Hierarchical Segmentation Highlighting Structures of Interest
Authors: Fehri Amin , Velasco-Forero Santiago , Meyer Fernand
Published: November 2019

Image segmentation is the process of partitioning an image into a set of meaningful regions according to some criteria. Hierarchical segmentation has emerged as a major trend in this regard as it favors the emergence of important regions at different scales. On the other hand, many methods allow us to have prior information on the position of structures of interest in the images. In this paper, we present a versatile hierarchical segmentation method that takes into account any prior spatial information and outputs a hierarchical segmentation that emphasizes the contours or regions of interest while preserving the important structures in the image. Several applications are presented that illustrate the method versatility and efficiency.
Assessment of radioactivity from groundwater samples from selected areas of Western Black Sea Region, Turkey
Authors: Özdemir Öge Tuba , Özdemir Firdevs Banu
Published: November 2019

In this study, radon concentration measurements and chemical analyses of groundwater samples were performed in four sampling locations of Bartın Province of Western Black Sea Region, Turkey. 222Rn analysis was carried out in groundwater samples with liquid scintillation counting system in accordance with ASTM D5072 standard. The pH, total hardness, alkalinity and dissolved oxygen parameters of the groundwater samples were also determined. The radon concentrations for the water samples ranged between <3.00 Bq/L–12.03 Bq/L. Thirty eight percentage of the samples slightly exceeded the permissible limit of 11.1 Bq/L specified by USEPA for drinking waters. The annual effective doses of groundwater samples were calculated in the range of 7.41–30.74 μSv/y for ingestion of water (E
w.Ig

), and in the range of 7.31–30.31 μSv/y for inhalation of radon released from water (Ew.Ih
). The total calculated annual effective doses due to ingestion and inhalation were found to be below the limit value of 100 μSv/y specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). The radioactivity measurement results significantly varied for three sampling points but not for one sampling point on two different measurement dates, which is attributed to the differences in geological structure. The chemical analysis results, except for total hardness in two sampling points, were within the permissible limits specified by international standards.
The good sense of Umberto Eco and the common sense of the Echian Encyclopaedia
Authors: Lorusso Anna Maria
Published: November 2019

The aim of my contribution is to analyse the role that common sense has played in Umberto Eco’s work. After making clear the distinction between good sense and common sense, and highlighting a number of differences with the Scottish philosophy of common sense, I will consider the uses and functions that common sense assumes in Eco’s philosophy: namely, a phenomenological function, a regulatory function and a communicative function. I will demonstrate how the characterisation of common sense in Eco emphasises the importance of the historical dimension of Sens, the importance of the public and social dimension of semiosis, and how common sense plays a fundamental, pragmatic role in the disposition to act, whilst revealing the importance of the Peircian lesson and Eco’s consonance with Peirce’s positions.
Nouns & co. Converging evidence in the analysis of associative plurals
Authors: Mauri Caterina , Sansò Andrea
Published: November 2019

A morphosyntactic peculiarity that separates proper names from (most) other noun types is their ability to occur in a special type of plural, called associative plural, whose meaning is X and X’s associated person(s). In this paper, we apply a ‘converging evidence’ methodology to the analysis of associative plurals, by providing a diachronic typology of these plurals through the identification of the more frequent sources of associative plural markers that are attested in a sample of 80 languages, and by looking for emerging constructions for the expression of associative plurality in two corpora of English and Italian, two languages that do not have a grammaticalized way to encode this type of plurality. The analysis will show that associative plurals are likely to grammaticalize from a restricted pool of synchronic sources, and that these sources are mostly indexical sources and sources denoting the plural set, in accordance with the special semantics and referential properties of proper names.
Summe seiner Teile?
Authors: Backes Burkhard
Published: November 2019

New interpretation of Berlin, Ägyptisches Museum 11405. The object shows traces of voluntary mutilation not dissimilar to the much older ‘reserve heads’. Some elements have been left unfinished. In the light of iconographic parallels in some reliefs, the combination of two embracing scarabs with a human head is identified as an image of Ptah as creator-god.
Two Coptic Homographs and the Missing Link in the Etymology of et-Tôd
Authors: Krueger Frederic
Published: November 2019

The commonly accepted etymology of the Arabic toponym et-Tôd as being directly descended from Ḏrtj is diagnosed as incomplete and complemented by a missing intermediate stage: (p') T(w)t(we) = ⲡⲧⲟⲩⲱⲧ, a pseudetymology “the Chapel/Temple” is first attested in a Demotic inscription of the Ptolemaic period and again in two Coptic ostraca of the 6th century CE, probably referring to the temple of et-Tôd and born of a desire to make new sense of the better attested variant ⲧⲟⲟⲩⲧ in which the original etymology was no longer recognizable. Ongoing coexistence of both forms might also explain Arabic variations. The etymology of et-Tôd furthermore shows that two distinct Demotic words for “image” and for “chapel/temple” survive but are obscured by their identical spelling in Coptic as ⲧⲟⲩⲱⲧ, which dictionaries have identified only with the former.
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Enhances Memory Acquisition and Is Associated with Synaptoneurosome Modification in the Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Jung Seung Ho , Hatcher-Solis Candice , Moore Raquel , Bechmann Naomi , Harshman Sean , Martin Jennifer , Jankord Ryan
Published: November 2019

Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation approach previously shown to enhance memory acquisition, but more studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we examined the effects of anodal tDCS (0.25 mA for 30 min) on the memory performance of male Sprague Dawley rats in the passive avoidance test (PAT) and the associated modifications to the hippocampal proteomes. Results indicate anodal tDCS applied before the acquisition period significantly enhanced memory performance in the PAT. Following PAT, synaptoneurosomes were biochemically purified from the hippocampi of tDCS-treated or sham-treated rats and individual protein abundances were determined by bottom-up liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis. Proteomic analysis identified 184 differentially expressed hippocampal proteins when comparing the sham to the tDCS before memory acquisition treatment group. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) showed anodal tDCS before memory acquisition significantly enhanced pathways associated with memory, cognition, learning, transmission, neuritogenesis, and long-term potentiation (LTP). IPA identified significant upstream regulators includingbdnf,shank3, andgsk3b. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and protein sequence similarity (PSS) networks show that glutamate receptor pathways, ion channel activity, memory, learning, cognition, and long-term memory were significantly associated with anodal tDCS. Centrality measures from both networks identified key proteins includingdlg,shank,grin, andgriathat were significantly modified by tDCS applied before the acquisition period. Together, our results provide descriptive molecular evidence that anodal tDCS enhances memory performance in the PAT by modifying hippocampal synaptic plasticity related proteins.
Reward Devaluation Attenuates Cue-Evoked Sucrose Seeking and Is Associated with the Elimination of Excitability Differences between Ensemble and Non-ensemble Neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens
Authors: Sieburg Meike C. , Ziminski Joseph J. , Margetts-Smith Gabriella , Reeve Hayley M. , Brebner Leonie S. , Crombag Hans S. , Koya Eisuke
Published: November 2019

Animals must learn relationships between foods and the environmental cues that predict their availability for survival. Such cue–food associations are encoded in sparse sets of neurons or “neuronal ensembles” in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). For these ensemble-encoded, cue-controlled appetitive responses to remain adaptive, they must allow for their dynamic updating depending on acute changes in internal states such as physiological hunger or the perceived desirability of food. However, how these neuronal ensembles are recruited and physiologically modified following the update of such learned associations is unclear. To investigate this, we examined the effects of devaluation on ensemble plasticity at the levels of recruitment, intrinsic excitability, and synaptic physiology in sucrose-conditionedFos-GFPmice that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) in recently activated neurons. Neuronal ensemble activation patterns and their physiology were examined using immunohistochemistry and slice electrophysiology, respectively. Reward-specific devaluation following 4 d ofad libitumsucrose consumption, but not general caloric devaluation, attenuated cue-evoked sucrose seeking. This suggests that changes in the hedonic and/or incentive value of sucrose, and not caloric need, drove this behavior. Moreover, devaluation attenuated the size of the neuronal ensemble recruited by the cue in the NAc shell. Finally, it eliminated the relative enhanced excitability of ensemble (GFP+) neurons against non-ensemble (GFP−) neurons observed under non-devalued conditions, and did not induce any ensemble-specific changes in excitatory synaptic physiology. Our findings provide new insights into neuronal ensemble mechanisms that underlie the changes in the incentive and/or hedonic impact of cues that support adaptive food seeking.
Stem-like tumor cells involved in heterogeneous vasculogenesis in breast cancer
Authors: Mao Yuling , Zhu Liuqing , Huang Zhijian , Luo Chuanghua , Zhou Ti , Li Lei , Wang Guannan , Yang Zhonghan , Qi Weiwei , Yang Xia , Gao Guoquan
Published: November 2019

Sorafenib, a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic activity, has been used in liver cancer and kidney cancer treatments. However, clinical trials with sorafenib for breast cancer were stopped in phase III due to limited efficacy. The existence of heterogeneous vasculatures involving tumor cells, such as vessel-like structures formed by vasculogenic mimicry and mosaic vessels, and their resistance to antiangiogenic therapy are thought to be a possible reason for failure of sorafenib therapy. Nevertheless, the features and mechanism of vasculogenesis by tumor cells remain unclear. In the present study, we found that breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSLCs, ALDH1+ cells) were involved in vasculogenic mimicry and mosaic vessel formation in triple-negative breast cancer tissues. Further, only ALDH1+ BCSLCs sorted from MDA-MB-231 could exhibit the tube formation and angiogenesis ability. Sorafenib could inhibit vascularization from endothelial cells rather than that from ALDH1+ cells. α-SMA was identified as a key molecule in vascular formation of BCSLCs. Mechanistically, HIF-1α enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA by binding to the HRE element in the promoter directly and meanwhile increased the BCSLCs population. Interestingly, pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor, could inhibit both endothelial cell-derived and tumor cell-derived angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1α in breast cancer. Our finding clarified the possible reason for the poor outcome of anti-angiogenesis therapy and PEDF may have the therapeutic potential.
The Why of Adaptive Protections in Modern Electrical Networks
Authors: Guardiola Montenegro Juan Martín , Gómez Luna Eduardo , Marlés Sáenz Eduardo , De la Cruz Saavedra Jorge Armando
Published: November 2019

Electrical networks are evolving and taking on more challenges as the inclusion of renewable energy and distributed generation units increase, specially at distribution levels. Big trends of generating electricity with alternative and renewable resources has promoted the formation of distribution networks subsystems or micro grids, capable of supplying their own electric demand and to export energy to the interconnected system, if necessary. However, the effects of these generation units into the network and into the microgrid as well are many, as harmonic distortion, voltage flickers and especially in electrical protections.This paper provides an overview about implementation of renewable energy and distributed generation worldwide, as well as an introduction to microgrids concept and its main impacts and challenges into the electric systems. Finally, the main impacts of microgrid on protection equipments are presented at a distribution level, being adaptive protections one of the solutions to the dynamic changes of the electric system.
Seleção de diretores de escolas públicas: argumentos sobre o mérito do candidato
Authors: Do Amaral Daniela Patti
Published: November 2019

O Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) (BRASIL, 2014) determinou aos entes federados a aprovação de legislação disciplinando a gestão democrática da educação pública associada a critérios técnicos de mérito e desempenho e à consulta à comunidade escolar. Este trabalho aborda os requisitos atribuídos ao mérito presentes na legislação de três municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias e Valença. Há consenso que os candidatos à direção da escola deverão ser servidores efetivos, ter experiência docente e não ter pendências administrativas ou judiciais. No entanto, não há consenso sobre a formação do candidato. Avaliamos que as formas como cada ente federado ressignifica e hibridiza a categoria mérito se apresenta através de distintas maneiras, tendo em vista a autonomia dos entes federados, o momento político vivido em cada município/estado, as infidelidades normativas e a forma elástica como se apropriam da norma que orienta a ação, no caso, o PNE.
Formação de professores e programas de ensino de Matemática nos institutos normais de educação: uma análise da Escola Primária da Bahia (1836-1960)
Authors: Amaral Rosemeire Dos Santos , Santana Irani Parolin , Sant’Ana Claudinei De Camargo
Published: November 2019

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo uma análise histórica dos cursos de formação de professores e dos programas de ensino de Matemática para a escola primária na Bahia entre 1836 (ano da instituição da primeira escola normal do Estado) e 1960 (década demarcada pelo Movimento da Matemática Moderna), levando-se em conta as reformas educacionais estaduais de 1890, 1913, 1918 e 1925 e as determinações para estrutura e funcionamento do Ensino Primário e dos Institutos Normais de Educação. As fontes históricas documentais, em especial as alocadas junto ao Repositório da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), são parte do constructo investigativo: Quais as permanências e rupturas referentes aos cursos de formação de professores e aos programas de ensino de Matemática pautadas na legislação educacional e nas práticas pedagógicas das escolas normais e da escola primária da Bahia entre 1836 e 1960? Os resultados da pesquisa elaboram uma trajetória da escola normal, bem como do ensino de Matemática no Brasil, em particular, na Bahia, séculos XIX e XX.
Referências para ensinar Matemática Moderna no primário: o material Cuisenaire e a sistematização de saberes
Authors: De Oliveira Maria Cristina Araújo
Published: November 2019

O artigo apresenta um estudo sobre os saberes para ensinar matemática no ensino primário sistematizados em manuais pedagógicos que circularam em diferentes estados do Brasil nas décadas de 1960 e 1970. Particularmente, toma-se como foco o ensino de números e operações pelo método Cuisenaire. Nesse período se disseminaram propostas inovadoras relacionadas ao Movimento da Matemática Moderna. O texto orienta-se em torno do questionamento sobre a sistematização de saberes para ensinar matemática na perspectiva da Matemática Moderna, que se apresentava como referência para professores e normalistas, materializada em manuais pedagógicos. Esses saberes sistematizados, que dizem respeito à matemática para ensinar, um amálgama de conteúdo e métodos, uma criação voltada ao ensinoprimário, se constituem elementos de “profissionalidade” para professores primários. Assim, a “profissionalidade”é marcada pelo exercício de teorização pedagógica e didática que conduz a uma formalização da própria prática.
A formação profissional em escolas primárias e em escolas normais primárias portuguesas (1844-1926)
Authors: Matos José Manuel , Rodrigues Alexandra , Candeias Rui
Published: November 2019

Desde a reforma de 1844 que o ensino primário português passou a prever, após um 1o grau de formação genérica centrada na trilogia ler, escrever e contar, um 2o grau, e, entre 1911 e 1926, um 3o grau, designado por superior, com cursos práticos especiais para o ensino agrícola, industrial, comercial ou marítimo, de acordo com a localização das escolas, e que se reconhece também como um embrião de formação. Este artigo pretende pois estudar os modos como as escolas normais primárias abordaram a formação de professores nestas áreas no período 1844-1926 e, emparticular, saber como o ensino da matemática nessas escolas se adaptou a essa finalidade.
Formação de professores nas escolas Wenceslau Braz e Técnica Nacional: o ensino de matemática
Authors: Brito Arlete De Jesus , Moura Elmha Coelho
Published: November 2019

A industrialização brasileira proporcionou o surgimento de uma rede federal de ensino profissionalizante, que aolongo de sua história assumiu diversas denominações. Essas escolas formavam jovens trabalhadores para inserirem- se no mercado de trabalho industrial. A falta de professores para atuarem nessas escolas conduziu à criação da Escola Normal de Artes e Ofícios Wenceslau Braz e aos Cursos Pedagógicos na Escola Técnica Nacional (ETN). Este artigo discute os cursos de formação de professores realizados pela Escola Normal de Artes e Ofícios e pela Escola Técnica Nacional e aborda alguns elementos do ensino de matemática praticados nessa formação. Para tanto, foramutilizados documentos do arquivo do Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET/RJ), decretos, Boletins da Comissão Brasileiro-Americana para o Ensino Industrial (CBAI) e literaturas referentes ao tema.
Saberes matemáticos nas escolas normais: Brasil, França e Portugal (séculos XIX e XX)
Authors: Dalcin Andréia , Zardo Búrigo Elisabete
Published: November 2019

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Through a National Lens Darkly
Authors: Weng Enqi
Published: November 2019

When religion is invoked in Australian sociocultural and political negotiations, religion tends to be politicised predominantly through institutionalised, racialised and gendered perspectives. Further, discussions frequently employed narrow interpretations of religion. This understanding of religion only partially reflects the religious condition in Australia and is not fully representative of it in its substance and nuance, nor breadth and depth. This argument is based on an examination of Australian news media’s construction, depiction and representation of discourses on religion in national debates. Using the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s discussion program Q&A as its subject, the study argues for a broader understanding of religion, viewed as a spectrum.