bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Additional Construct Validity of the Schwartz Cancer Fatigue Scale
Authors: Schwartz Anna , Meek Paula
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this article is to report the results of additional construct validity testing of the Schwartz Cancer Fatigue Scale. Latent variable modeling was used to determine the best fit of the data to the model. Testing with a heterogeneous sample (n - 303) did not support the proposed model. Using exploratory techniques a six-item, two-factor scale was formed which demonstrated that all measures of fit were consistently strong, and that the standardized solution factors loaded strongly. Reliabilities for the total scale and subscales were all greater than 0.80. These results provide preliminary support for the reliability and validity of the two-factor model of the six-item Schwartz Cancer Fatigue Scale.
Psychometric Properties of the Index of Homophobia Scale in Registered Nurses
Authors: Erlen Judith A. , Riley Tracy A. , Sereika Susan M.
Published: September 2018

The psychometric properties of the Index of Homophobia Scale (IHS; Bouton et al., 1987) were examined in a sample of registered nurses (n = 95). Scores on the IHS may range from 0 (no homophobia) to 28 (highly homophobic). This sample had relatively low total scores on the IHS (M = 7.99, SD = 5.41), indicating that subjects were predominantly not homophobic. Internal consistency as estimated by Cronbach’s alpha was .88. The average item mean was 1.14 (SD = 0.29) ranging from .77 to 1.48. Corrected item-to-total scale correlations were satisfactory, ranging from .58 to .75. Inter-item correlations ranged from .35 to .67 indicating some redundancy in content sampling. The 7-item IHS indicates promise for future use with registered nurses, and perhaps also with other health care professionals in adequately and accurately measuring homophobia.
Using Vignettes to Study Nurse Practitioners’ Performance in Suspected Domestic Violence Situations
Authors: Jo Gagan Mary
Published: September 2018

Vignettes have often been used to evaluate students or collect data in nursing research. The format is familiar to most nursing students as well as nurses and nurse researchers. This article presents the development and testing of the Nurse Practitioner Performance Tool (NPPT) which used vignettes as an approach to nurse practitioner performance evaluation. In this example, vignettes were used in a quasi-experimental design to collect data from Adult and Family Nurse Practitioners (A/FNP). The focus was on the diagnosis and intervention performance of the A/FNPs when addressing suspected cases of domestic violence.
The Female Sexuality Questionnaire: Instrument Development
Authors: Holmes Wendy , Clemmens Donna , Froman Robin
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a measure of female sexuality, the Female Sexuality Questionnaire (FSQ). A survey design was employed for the study. The sample included 262 adult women ages 18 to 81 (M = 32). Five hundred questionnaires were distributed to a diverse female population representing multiple geographic areas in the U.S. and Canada. Participants were healthy (as per self-report), sexually active and engaged in an intimate relationship. The majority of the sample was premenopausal. Item stems for the FSQ were developed based on the literature and the domain-referenced approach for item generation. A pool of 70 items generated to represent 6 theoretical domains of female sexuality: Reproduction, Beliefs, Intimacy, Body Image, Physical Responsiveness, and Satisfaction were subjected to systematic review by a panel of experts. A 5-point self-report response scale was appended to the 54 items surviving judges’ reviews (criterion validity index of 91.3 for the pool of retained items). Data screening and item analysis was performed and yielded 13 items which were removed prior to principal factor analysis (PFA) resulting in a sample of 218 subjects and 41 items. The PFA with quartrimax rotation resulted in a 5-factor solution. Four of the five were consistent with the hypothesized domains of Satisfaction, Physical Responsiveness, Beliefs, and Body Image. The fifth factor suggested an association with Intimacy, and was renamed Relationships. The hypothesized domain of Reproduction was not supported. Twelve items failed to load on any of the factors. Recommendations for alterations of the final version of the FSQ are based upon the empirical results of the item analysis and PFA.
Measurement of Parenting Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancy Related to Discussions About Sex
Authors: DiIorio Colleen , Dudley William N. , Wang Dongqing T. , Wasserman Jill , Eichler Michelle , Belcher Lisa , West-Edwards Constance
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of two scales—one to measure the self-efficacy of parents to discuss sexual health issues with their adolescents and the other to measure parents’ outcome expectancy associated with such discussions. Understanding how parents feel about their confidence in talking with their children about important sexual health issues and the outcomes they expect as a result of such discussions can be useful in guiding both the development and refinement of educational programs to promote parent-child discussions. The responses of 491 mothers who participated in an HIV prevention intervention with their adolescents were used for the present analysis. Mothers ranged in age from 25 to 68 years with a mean of 37.9 years (SD = 6.9). Of mother participants, 33% were married, 96.7% were African American, and 89.2% had completed high school. Their adolescents ranged in age from 11 to 14 years, and 61.5% were male. Assessment of reliability for both scales showed that internal consistency reliability was acceptable for the total scales as well as three of the five subscales. With the exception of one item on the outcome expectancy scale, the inter-item correlations, the mean inter-item correlations, and the item-to-total correlations meet the standard criteria for scale development for both scales. Factor analysis was used to identify the underlying structure of the scales, and hypothesis testing was used to assess construct validity. The results of these analyses provide support for the construct validity of the scales.
American Nurse-Midwifery: A Hyphenated Profession With a Conflicted Identity
Authors: DAWLEY KATY
Published: September 2018

I do not like the phrase nursing and midwifery.…To me it implies that midwifery is specialized nursing. It is nursing.

—Comment on Committee on Organization questionnaire, 1954

No other country except the United States is struggling with the mistaken concept that midwifery is nursing or that midwifery is an extension of nursing. We are midwives with a nursing background.

—Lucille Woodville, 1974

I totally agree that we [nurse-midwifery] must stay within nursing. A divided house will not be able to withstand strong opposition and change.

—Sharon Rising, 1973

We always knew we were two different professions.

—Ernestine Wiedenbach, CNM, 1979
Honoring the Values of Practice as a Retention Strategy
Authors: Koloroutis Mary , McWeeny Mae
Published: September 2018

“My experience at the Personal Mastery retreat showed me how much the leadership in my organization values its nurses. Any organization that really supports this commitment to caring in these times of financial concerns is a place where I feel valued and want to stay.”

—Roberta Mislivec, Staff RN
Physical Activity in Parents of Young African American Children: The Application of Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: Webber-Ritchey Kashica J. , Taylor-Piliae Ruth E. , Loescher Lois J.
Published: September 2018

Background:

Social cognitive theory (SCT) proposes that personal and environmental factors influence behavior bidirectionally. Research examining the personal and environmental factors of physical activity (PA) among African Americans (AAs) framed by SCT is scarce.

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to enhance knowledge of SCT as a foundation for health promotion and PA research, in general, and among AAs. Findings from a previous study provide exemplars for key factors and relationships in SCT.

Implications for Research and Practice:

The SCT serves as a good framework for researchers studying health promotion and PA in generalamong AA parents.
Potential Adverse Health Outcomes of Digital Textbook Use: Teachers’ Perspectives
Authors: Seomun GyeongAe , Lee Youngjin
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose:

The digital textbook (DT) is an appealing new educational medium. The positive effects of DT use include stimulation of interest in learning and stimulation of motivation to learn. Few studies have examined the awareness of classroom-based educational experts about the adverse health outcomes of DT use. The objective of this study was to understand the perspectives of elementary schoolteachers regarding the effects of DT use on students’ health.

Methods:

The recommended method of focus group discussions was used to clarify teachers’ individual and shared views about this topic. The study design included three discussions with three different groups of teachers.

Results:

The results indicated that the critical health issues identified by the schoolteachers were potential risks to physical health, risks to psychological health, and environmental health risks in the classroom.

Implications for Practice:

Awareness and evaluation of adverse health effects for DT users is an important first step for effective DT implementation in our schools. This study provided fundamental data and results that can be used to understand the effects of DT use on student health and to suggest guidelines to predict and prevent adverse health effects in the users of this technology.
Building to Make a Difference: Advanced Practice Nurses’ Experience of Power
Authors: Schoales Catherine A. , Bourbonnais Frances Fothergill , Rashotte Judy
Published: September 2018

Power is necessary for nurses to affect change in patient care and to move the nursing profession forward. Despite the evolving body of nursing research on power, there have been no studies that have investigated the nature of advanced practice nurses’ (APNs’) power. The purpose of this study was to explore the APNs’ lived experience of power. Interpretive phenomenology guided the method and analysis. Eight APNs employed in a single Canadian tertiary care teaching health-care organization engaged in in-depth interviews. The overarching theme, building to make a difference, reflected the APNs’ perception of power in their practice, which involved a passion to facilitate change in practice to improve patient care. Building to make a difference involved three themes: building on, building with, and building for. The APNs experienced more power—a process they described as power creep—when they used soft power that was shared with others to affect positive change in health care. These findings contribute to our understanding of how power is perceived and manifested in the APN role, thus further enabling organizations to create working conditions to support the APNs’ endeavors to empower others.
Transforming Extraordinary Experiences Into the Concept of Schizophrenia: A Case Study of a Norwegian Psychiatric Unit
Authors: Terkelsen Toril , Blystad Astrid , Hydle Ida
Published: September 2018

The dominating paradigm in Western psychiatry is grounded in biomedical thinking, and biological explanations appear to increasingly take the lead. There has been a shift from a psychological approach to the treatment of such experiences to a biomedical framework, with medication and medicine compliance at its core. Patients diagnosed with schizophrenia often tell about extraordinary experiences, such as encounters with UFOs and angels. Drawing upon data collected during 8 months of fieldwork in a Norwegian psychiatric rehabilitation clinic, we explore the translation, transformation and transition of such experiences into psychiatric terminology based upon biomedical knowledge and understanding. We approach these issues with extended reference to a particular patient’s experiences, which appeared to represent a fairly typical scenario at this Norwegian and other treatment units. We take a close view into how a patient in a psychiatric rehabilitation unit explains and interprets his extraordinary experiences, how he perceives the manner in which his experiences are confronted by professionals within the psychiatric field of knowledge, and how these phenomena are explained and handled by professionals. The article closes with some indications of potential consequences of employing a different approach to extraordinary experiences.
Learning to Learn in Preschool Education: Effects on Later School Achievement
Authors: Paour Jean-Louis , Cèbe Sylvie , Haywood H. Carl
Published: September 2018

This paper is a report of an evaluation of the Bright Start program that has been designed to assist the cognitive development of children in the early school years. Children in both experimental and control groups lived in the same public housing project in North Marseilles, France, went to school in the same district, and were of the same chronological age. Analyses were conducted on two non-independent criterion variables: overall school achievement, and achievement scores in specific subject areas. The results of the study showed that it is possible to learn to learn at preschool. Pupils who received cognitive early education in kindergarten learned better and applied more effectively a range of new academic knowledge in the two years that immediately followed the intervention than did comparable children who did not receive cognitive early education.
Teaching for Transfer from the Learner’s Point of View
Authors: Kaniel Shlomo
Published: September 2018

The definition of “transfer” of learning is so broad that it encompasses most realms of psychology, making it difficult to arrive at agreed-upon criteria for classifying different types of transfer. Research findings indicate great difficulty in achieving distal transfer, even when effective didactic principles, such as metacognition, are used. In studies where transfer was achieved, it was limited, relative to levels of investment and expectation. It has appeared mostly in laboratories, with little evidence of maintenance over time.

The author proposes that we should examine the products and processes of transfer from the learner’s point of view. This perspective rests on a distinction between transfer potential, which relies on a network of schemas in memory storage, and the transfer process itself, which occurs in working memory. This analysis reduces the number of transfer characteristics and suggests description of transfer as effective and justified use of principles, relationships and strategies, in tasks that are distal from the learner’s point of view. The article leads to the conclusion that to be achieved, transfer must become a curriculum’s central goal (what to teach). The principles and methods of reaching this goal (how to teach) rest on four main components: (a) well planned curricula, (b) training teachers for transfer expertise, (c) “learning communities” and challenging environments, and (d) use of advanced technology.
What to Do About Educational Research’s Credibility Gaps? Become More Scientific A Commentary on Levin and O’Donnell1
Authors: Carlson Jerry S.
Published: September 2018

In their article, Levin and O’Donnell argue that educational research has sunk to the level that it is becoming irrelevant to educational theorizing or educational practice. They indicate several reasons for this. Among them are tensions between laboratory or experimental research approaches as contrasted with contextual approaches that tend to be poorly informed by theory or rigorous scientific method. Levin and O’Donnell go on to offer practical suggestions how to “fix” the problem by employing rigorous methodological approaches. In my commentary to Levin and O’Donnell I point out points of agreement with their general thesis and suggest historical as well as contemporary ways we might approach the problem. These include moving beyond simplistic qualitative versus quantitative arguments about educational research, contextualizing and clarifying “constructivism” in educational parlance, and reforming training in education so that graduates will be better versed in the method and content of ancillary fields that inform or should inform educational research and practice.
Clinical Applications of Cognitive Education
Authors: Haywood H. Carl
Published: September 2018

Applications of cognitive education have taken place primarily in schools, but applications outside the classroom can be equally rewarding. “Clinical” applications have so far included: (a) cognitive and motivational redevelopment of individuals with mental retardation; (b) psychological treatment of individuals with severe psychiatric disorders; (c) clinical treatment of persons with delays in language development; (d) treatment of children with learning disabilities, including ADD and ADHD; (e) cognitive and social redevelopment of persons with psychological and character disorders; (f) cognitive, motivational, and social redevelopment of persons who have sustained traumatic brain injuries. The last two of these applications, in psychotherapy and in neuropsychology, are especially promising and are examined in some detail.
Adolescent Development
Authors: Steinberg Laurence , Morris Amanda Sheffield
Published: September 2018

This chapter identifies the most robust conclusions and ideas about adolescent development and psychological functioning that have emerged since Petersen’s 1988 review. We begin with a discussion of topics that have dominated recent research, including adolescent problem behavior, parent-adolescent relations, puberty, the development of the self, and peer relations. We then identify and examine what seem to us to be the most important new directions that have come to the fore in the last decade, including research on diverse populations, contextual influences on development, behavioral genetics, and siblings. We conclude with a series of recommendations for future research on adolescence.
Distance Education: Linking Traditional Classroom Rehabilitation Counseling Students with their Colleagues Using Hybrid Learning Models
Authors: Doug Main , Kathryn Dziekan
Published: September 2018

Current distance learning technological advances allow real and virtual classrooms to unite. In this program evaluation study, focus group, participatory action, and qualitative research strategies (Yin, 1994) were used to explore the quality and benefits of infusing elements of three distance learning modalities into the traditional rehabilitation counseling classroom. Participants were students with multiple experiences in hybrid classes in which in-person instruction was integrated with at least one distance learning modality. The distance learning alternatives involved were interactive television, web-conferencing using a live stream from interactive television, the learning management system (e. g., Blackboard) and/or the collaboration platform or enhancement to learning management system (e. g., Elluminate). Student feedback was generated on the quality and effectiveness of hybrid models, as well as on the benefits and advantages of these models for rehabilitation education in the rural area served. Results indicate that the modalities can be integrated while maintaining discernible quality and learning effectiveness. Most notably, hybrid models may have distinct advantages over the traditional classroom in isolated rural regions and students who for a variety of reasons find it difficult to meet in traditional classrooms. Students with specialized interests can be linked to each other and to needed resources.
The Evolution of an Online Substance Abuse Counseling Certificate Program
Authors: Mary K. Crozier
Published: September 2018

In the field of rehabilitation services, substance abuse counseling requires unique skills. Post-baccalaureate academic certificate programs offer professionals an opportunity to retool or expand their skills and meet licensure needs in this evolving field. East Carolina University's online Substance Abuse Counseling Certificate Program was established to address both changes to the state's certification and licensure requirements and workforce development needs. This article will describe the evolution and refinement of the certificate program.
Distance Education Within the 21st Century and its Application to Rehabilitation Education
Authors: Kathryn Dziekan , Doug Main
Published: September 2018

Historically, distance education applications served a select group of students through self-paced technical short courses that required scant to little interaction with their instructors. Today's 21st century distance education focuses on a) reaching underserved prospective students within a social justice framework, b) global recruitment, and c) interactive technological applications and interactive teaching strategies that promote the creation of cyber-learning communities. This paper provides the reader with an overview of current distance education and modified traditional course delivery modalities followed by the application of the DIPCO model to rehabilitation education.
Hubungan antara Pemahaman Moral dengan Kecenderungan Perilaku Agresif pada Siswa-Siswi Kelas IX di SMP Negeri 50 Palembang
Authors: Melinda Deasyari Permata
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara pemahaman moral dengan kecenderungan perilaku Agresi. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah tidak ada Hubungan Antara Pemahaman Moral Dengan Kecenderungan Perilaku Agresi Pada Siswa-siswi Kelas IX SMP Negeri 50 Palembang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Siswa-siswi kelas IX di SMP Negeri 50 Palembang yang berjumlah 213 siswa. Skala yang digunakan adalah skala yang disusun sendiri oleh peneliti. Adapun skala yang digunakan adalah skala pemahaman moral yang mengacu pada aspek-aspek yang dikemukakan oleh Kohlberg dan skala kecenderungan perilaku agresi dengan mengacu pada aspek-aspek agresi menurut Bush dan Perry. Metode analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan program SPSS 20 for windows untuk menguji hubungan antara pemahaman moral dengan kecenderungan perilaku agresi. Hasil korelasi product moment dari Pearson menunjukkan angka korelasi sebesar rxy = -0,019 dengan ρ = 0.779 dimana (ρ >0.01) maka hal ini berarti tidak ada Hubungan Antara Pemahaman Moral Dengan Kecenderungan Perilaku Agresi PadabSiswa-siswi Kelas IX di SMP Negeri 50 Palembang.
Eksistensi Gender Ditinjau Dari Sudut Pandang Al-Kitab (Studi Terhadap Agama Katolik)
Authors: Moko Catur Widiat
Published: September 2018

Gender is always being connected with equality and discrimination. Gender equality is about a balancing, harmony, and role equality and also a responsible among men and women. There are equality and also equity in having some rights, opportunities, cooperation, and relations among men and women. On the other hand, gender discrimination is a behaviour that tries to avoid, burden the equality of gender. This behaviour can cause an avoidance of the human right and the equality among men and women in many aspects, such as politics, economy, and socio-culture. Bible is the main source of every rule and Christian ethique. But the bible itself has patriarchy culture domination. Most of the scholar argued that the discrimination and injustice among men and women is a reflection of the culture. They can’t divide the gender concept that change and created in long term socio-culture process.  The ideal status and role should be developed for the equality status among men and women. In some parts of the bible, there is role and status which are not ideal, or even show the discrimination to women, but that’s not the reason why we should avoid bible but we have to learn more about, what is the background and what is the purpose so we can get the best answer to solve all the gender problems.
Nilai-Nilai Keislaman dan Keindonesiaan dalam Membentuk Karakteristik Peradaban Melayu di Indonesia (Studi Pemikiran Munawir Sjadzali)
Authors: Toharudin Toharudin
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan, yakni manuskrip karya Munawir Sjadzali tentang Islam dan Pancasila. Manuskrip ini menyatakan bahwa Islam dan Pancasila di Indonesia masih menjadi persoalan yang belum selesai. Sikap umat Islam Indonesia terbagi ke dalam tiga golongan. Golongan integralistik (Islam sebagai dasar negara secara formal), golongan nasionalis (menolak pandangan integralistik), dan golongan modernis menganggap tidak ada pertentangan antara Islam dan Pancasila sehingga Pancasila dapat diterima sebagai dasar negara bangsa Indonesia yang mayoritas muslim. Munawir Sjadzali adalah modernis muslim yang menegaskan bahwa Islam dan Pancasila merupakan dua hal saling berkaitan, dengan Pancasila umat Islam dapat membangun sebuah peradaban Islam yang universal secara legal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa: Pertama, Islam menurut Munawir Sjadzali adalah sebuah sistem kehidupan yang menurut penganutnya untuk aktif mewujudkan dalam kehidupan umat Islam di dunia nyata. Termasuk dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara sebagai sumber inspirasi dan motivasi, landasan etika dan moral dalam membangun peradaban di Indonesia. Kedua,  strategi yang ditawarkan Munawir Sjadzali dalam membangun peradaban di Indonesia yaitu dengan mereaktualisasikan nilai keislaman dan keindonesiaan, yaitu nilai berketuhanan, nilai kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, nilai persatuan dan kesatuan, nilai kebijaksanaan dalam kepemimpinan, dan nilai keadilan. Kelima nilai tersebut dikenal dengan mana Pancasila. Ketiga, Pancasila  yang secara subtantif adalah nilai-nilai ajaran Islam, umat Islam Indonesia membangun ilmu baru, sistem dan tatanan kemasyarakatan baru yang tertata secara Islami itulah bangsa Indonesia  membangun sebuah peradaban Islam tanpa nama Islam secara formal, serta dapat bersaing dan mengungguli peradaban dunia lainnya, secara cerdas dan bermartabat.
Sistem Informasi Reservasi Gedung Serbaguna di Kota Palembang Berbasis Android
Authors: Prasetia Andi Ahmad
Published: September 2018

Terdapat banyak sekali gedung serbaguna yang ada di Kota Palembang. Sebagai tempat untuk melaksanakan suatu acara gedung serbaguna memiliki beberapa fasilitas yang dipadu menjadi satu kesatuan untuk menyelenggarakan acara tertentu namun informasi mengenai fasilitas dan paket yang ditawarkan belum banyak tersedia sehingga penyewa bingung dalam menetapkan pilihan gedung serbaguna sehingga berdampak pada kesalahan dalam pemilihan gedung serbaguna. Sistem reservasi gedung serbaguna di Kota Palembang dapat berfungsi untuk membantu penyewa untuk mendapatkan informasi jadwal gedung serbaguna yang ada dan melihat harga, fasilitas, paket, item yang ditawarkan. pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode Prototype sebagai metode pengembangan dan permodelan menggunakan UML (Unified Model Language) sedangkan pembuatan aplikasinya sendiri menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java pada bagian android dan bahasa pemograman PHP pada bagian website dengan MySQL untuk pengolahan databasenya. Sistem informasi reservasi gedung serbaguna di Kota Palembang berbasis android dapat mengumpulkan, mengidentifikasi, menyimpan, mengelola dan memberikan informasi beberapa gedung serbaguna yang ada di kota Palembang yang dijadikan sample dalam penelitian ini.
Effect of native and modified starches on nutritional and physiological performance of wild juveniles of red grouper (Epinephelus morio)
Authors: Castillo Ana , Callejas Leticia , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso , Maldonado Carlos , Cuzon Gerard , Gaxiola-Cortés Martha Gabriela
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate carbohydratesutilization by wild red grouper Epinephelus morio.Juveniles were fed during 93 d on a selection of starches: native raw cornstarch (RCS), waxy cornstarch (WCS), raw potato starch (RPS) and gelatinized potato starch (GP) at 20% inclusion level. The best growth was obtained in fish fed cornstarch either native raw of waxy cornstarch (p<0.05). Hepatosomatic index and blood glucose (40 mg dL-1) were similar as well as hematocrit values (50%) (p>0.05), whereas glycogen content increased up to 200 mg g-1with waxy cornstarch. Specific activity of a-glucosidase and α-amylase remained stable (p>0.05). Hepatic glycolytic enzymes increased with raw native and waxy cornstarch (p<0.05); metabolic enzyme glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P-DH) was activated with raw native cornstarch (p<0.05) while pyruvate kinase (PK) remained stable regardless of treatments (p>0.05). Hexokinase (HK1) and glucokinase (GK) varied according to carbohydrate source: values were higher with cornstarches than potato starches (p<0.05).  Pentose monophosphate shunt (HMS) remained not altered by starch sources (p>0.05). In final, the low size of granules from cornstarch favored the assimilation in liver of wild juveniles red grouper.
Efecto del nivel de urea del sacchapulido sobre la degradación del forraje elefante (Pennisetum purpureum)
Authors: Ramos-Juarez Jesus Alberto , Vargas-Villamil Luis Manuel , Izquierdo-Reyes Francisco , Fernandez-Cabrera Carlos Ruben , Mendoza-Martinez German David , Arnda-Ibañez Emilio Manuel , Hernandez-Sanchez David , Elias-Iglesias Arabel
Published: September 2018

Se evaluó el efecto del nivel de urea sobre la degradación del pasto Elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) en el suplemento fermentado,Sacchapulido(SP). Se determinó el pH, N-NH3, la degradación in situ(DI) y efectiva (DE), así como, los parámetros cinéticos de materia seca (MS), FDN y FDA del forraje. Se utilizaron cinco bovinos fistulados en rumen en un diseño cuadro Latino 5 x 5. La desviación estándar indicó que los suplementos tienen entre 0.5 y 1.0% de urea, aportaron un 10% más de biomasa por el aumento de tamaño de la fracción potencialmente degradable (PD) del alimento, tanto en la FDN, como en el contenido celular. Debido al costo de la urea, se recomienda el uso del SP con 0.5% de urea.
Acumulación de forraje de pasto buffel e híbridos de Urochloa a diferente edad de rebrote
Authors: Cancino Santiago Joaquín
Published: September 2018

Se evaluaron diferentes cultivares de Urochloa (Insurgente, Cayman, Cobra y Mulato II) y pasto Buffel H-17 (como testigo) a diferente edad de rebrote (ER), durante la época de máxima (EMAP) y mínima precipitación (EMIP). Las variables evaluadas fueron materia seca total (MST), hoja (MSh) y tallo (MSt) y área foliar específica (AFE). Durante la EMAP, Cayman y Mulato II presentaron la mayor MST (9 t MS ha-1); mientras que en EMIP el testigo registró el menor valor (1.04 vs. 0.79 t MS ha-1). Durante EMAP Mulato II presentó mayor MSh (8.40 t MS ha-1). La MSt se incrementó conforme aumentó la ER. Cayman y Mulato II registraron los valores más altos de AFE (199 cm2 g-1). Independientemente de la época, la MST, MSh y MSt se incrementaron conforme se aumentó la ER. Cayman y Mulato II son los cultivares más promisorios por su alta acumulación de forraje, MSh y AFE.
Análisis florístico de la selva tropical perennifolia del centro-norte de Veracruz, México/Floristic analysis of the tropical evergreen forest in the center-north of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Burgos-Hernández Mireya , Castillo-Campos Gonzalo
Published: September 2018

El objetivo fue caracterizar y describir la composición florística de la selva tropical perennifolia del centro-norte del estado de Veracruz, México. Se realizó un inventario florístico por el método de parcelas. Para identificar la heterogeneidad entre parcelas de muestreo, se efectuó un análisis de similitud de Jaccard y un análisis de componentes principales (ACP). El estado de conservación se analizó con los criterios de especies registradas, frecuencia, cobertura-abundancia, formas de crecimiento, estructura vertical y especies amenazadas. La lista florística incluye 180 especies, 129 géneros y 74 familias. Se detectaron siete especies en categoría de riesgo y una endémica del estado. El análisis de similitud de Jaccard y el ACP determinaron diferencias florísticas entre las parcelas muestreadas.El fragmento de selva estudiado se encuentra conservado y resguarda una gran riqueza de especies nativas.Las características inherentes a la selva, su alta riqueza de especies, la presencia de especies endémicas y en riesgo, así como la pequeña superficie que ocupa, indica que se deben de establecer medidas para su conservación. Se sugiere que el remanente de selva estudiado se integre en las estrategias de conservación de los trópicos del país, con base en la riqueza de especies que salvaguarda.
Aclimatación en cautiverio del sargo Archosargus probatocephalus (Perciformes: Sparidae)
Authors: Merino Contreras María de la Luz
Published: September 2018

RESUMEN El sargo (Archosargus probatocephalus) es considerada especie prioritaria para el desarrollo de la maricultura en el sureste mexicano. El objetivo del estudio fue reproducir en cautiverio dos lotes de sargos, uno en cautiverio por 12 meses y otro de reproductores silvestres. El lote en cautiverio se formó por 36 organismos, en un sistema de recirculación de agua con salinidad de 10 psu, a los que se les determinó el incremento en longitud y peso cada mes, además se promovió la madurez sexual incrementando de forma gradual la salinidad del sistema, hasta 35 psu, para luego inducir el desove con una inyección intramuscular de 500 UI kg-1 de hormona gonadotropina coriónica y sérica. Por otra parte, se colectaron 15 reproductores silvestres de la laguna de Alvarado Veracruz, induciéndolos al desove de la misma forma. El incremento promedio en longitud de los organismos acondicionados al cautiverio fue de 0.064 ± 0.02 cm d-1 con peso promedio de 1.97 ± 0.4 g d-1, madurando sexualmente en el mes de enero. Ambos lotes desovaron, los huevos obtenidos tuvieron un diámetro promedio de 817.3 ± 20.9 µm, volumen del saco vitelino promedio de 243 ± 11 nL, diámetro promedio de la gota de aceite de 203.5 ± 16.5 µm y longitud notocordal promedio de los eleuteroembriones de 1.65 ± 0.25 mm. Es posible lograr la maduración en cautiverio del sargo, así como, obtener larvas de calidad a partir de la inducción de reproductores en cautiverio y silvestres en la época reproductiva.
Sostenibilidad de sistemas de producción de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Pinedo Taco Rember , Gómez-Pando Luz , Julca-Otiniano Alberto
Published: September 2018

En los últimos años los altos precios y el aumento de la demanda del mercado nacional e internacional han ocasionado el incremento de la superficie cultivada de quinua y la introducción de tecnologías con insumos externos que incrementaron el rendimiento y cambios en el sistema de cultivo. El objetivo de presente estudio fue evaluar los niveles de sustentabilidad económica, ambiental y social de los sistemas de producción de quinua. Se aplicaron encuestas a 92 productores de quinua, estandarizando las respuestas transformándolas a escala de 1 a 5, siendo el 5 el mayor valor de sustentabilidad y 1 el más bajo.Se identificaron cuatro sistemas productivos, teniendo sostenibilidad los sistemas: orgánico, mixto y convencional,con índice de sustentabilidad igual o mayor que el valor medio de la escala. El sistema de producción tradicional no alcanzó el umbral mínimo de 3 en la dimensión económica, por lo que fue calificada como no sustentable por el análisis multidimensional.Para determinar la consistencia interna se utilizó el método factorial de Análisis de Correspondencia Múltiple (ACM) con valores de 0.814 y 0.797 de alfa de Crombash que le confieren confiabilidad al análisis.
Dependency of the Shell-Less Culture on Temperature and Rotating Velocity
Authors: Fioranelli Massimo , Sepehri Alireza , Roccia Maria Grazia
Published: September 2018

Recently, some authors have developed a shell-less culture system for chick embryos by using aplastic lm as culture vessels. We will show that velocity of rotation of vessels in incubator andtemperature have direct relations with growth of chick embryos. We also obtain a mathematicalrelation between velocity, temperature and rate of growth of chick embryo.
Design of Acoustical Bessel-Like Beam Formation by Tunable Angular Spectrum in Soret Zone Plate Lens
Authors: Tarrazó-Serrano Daniel , Castiñeira-Ibáñez Sergio , Minin Oleg V. , Candelas Pilar , Rubio Constanza , Minin Igor V.
Published: September 2018

The image performance of acoustic and ultrasound sensors depends on several fundamental parameters such as depth of focus or spatial resolution. There are currently two different type of acoustic diffractive lenses: those which form a diffraction-limited spot with a shallow depth of focus (zone plates) and lenses which form an extended focus (quasi-Bessel beams). In this paper, we investigate a pupil-masked Soret zone plate which allows the tunability of a normalized angular spectrum. It is shown that the depth of focus and the spatial resolution can be modified, without changing the lens structure, by choosing the size of the amplitude pupil mask. This effect is based on the transformation of spherically converging waves into quasi-conical waves, due to the apodization of the central part of the zone plate. The theoretical analysis is verified with both numerical simulations and experimental measurements. A Soret zone plate immersed in water with D/2F=2.5 and F=4.5$\lambda$, changes its depth of focus from 2.84$\lambda$ to 5.9$\lambda$ and the spatial resolution increases from 0.81$\lambda$ to 0.64$\lambda$ at a frequency of 250 kHz, by modifying the pupil mask dimensions of the Soret zone plate.
What Do Global Metrics Tell Us About The World?
Authors: Short John Rennie , Vélez-Hagan Justin , Dubots Leah
Published: September 2018

There are now a wide variety of global metrics. To find the degree of overlap between these different measures, we employ a principal components analysis (PCA) to 15 indices across 145 countries. Our results demonstrate that the most important underlying dimension highlights that economic development and social progress go hand in hand with state stability. The results are used to produce categorical divisions of the world. The threefold division identifies a world composed of what we describe and map as Rich, Poor and Middle countries. A five-group classification provided a more nuanced categorization described as; The Very Rich, Free and Stable, Affluent and Free, Upper Middle, Lower Middle, and Poor and Not Free.
The Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran: Prospects for Change and Continuity
Authors: GOLMOHAMMADİ Vali
Published: September 2018

Review

article of two books:1.   Mahmood

Sariolghalam, The Foreign Policy of

the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Theoretical Revision and the Coalition Paradigm

(Tehran: Center for Strategic Research, CSR Press, 2005, 236 pp.).

2.     

Shahram

Akbarzadeh and Dara Conduit, eds. Iran

in the World: President Rouhani’s Foreign Policy (repr., Houndmills,

Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, 206 pp.,

USD 79.20, eBook).
La isla de calor urbana de Palma (Mallorca, Islas Baleares): avance para el estudio del clima urbano en una ciudad litoral mediterránea
Authors: Alomar Garau Gabriel , Llop Garau Juan
Published: September 2018

El presente trabajo presenta un estudio de la isla de calor en la ciudad de Palma (Mallorca). En la investigación se ha adoptado el método de los transectos móviles con el objetivo de identificar el fenómeno y analizar su distribución espacial, para lo cual se han diseñado tres diferentes recorridos y se han realizado un total de catorce mediciones de campo, estivales, otoñales e invernales, en horario diurno y nocturno. El resultado es la identificación de una isla de calor típica en trece de estas mediciones, cuya intensidad varía entre 1.4º y 5.8º C, y que parece que es mayor bajo escenarios atmosféricos fríos. Los valores máximos se localizan mayoritariamente en el antiguo casco urbano intramuros, y no tanto en zonas de la ciudad más densamente pobladas y motorizadas, en donde presumiblemente más inercia calórica se genera. El método de los transectos ha permitido localizar también, en un marco general de isla de calor, sectores fríos que coinciden con vaguadas y espacios abiertos o arbolados, todo lo cual tiene gran interés para la planificación urbanística con criterios ambientales.
Actores y proyectos transfronterizos en las fronteras ibéricas: análisis comparativo a partir de INTERREG IV-A
Authors: Martín-Uceda Javier , Castañer Vivas Margarita
Published: September 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo un análisis comparativo entre las fronteras ibéricas a partir del IV INTERREG-A. La diagnosis se centra en el número y tipología de los proyectos desarrollados, y en los actores que toman parte en dichos proyectos. Todo ello a partir de la metodología desarrollada en trabajos anteriores, que permite, además del propio análisis, elaborar una cartografía final para visualizar los elementos estudiados. Antes de la metodología y los resultados del análisis, se hace una visión general de los fondos INTERREG y de la cooperación en las fronteras hispano-francesa e hispano-lusa.
Disfunciones territoriales municipales en Catalunya
Authors: Guerrero Lladós Montse , Burgueño Jesús
Published: September 2018

Los términos municipales pueden presentar anomalías o disfunciones en su configuración. Las más habituales son los enclaves y la superposición discordante de los límites respecto a los núcleos de población. El legislador autonómico puede corregir esas irregularidades, pero solo el territorio foral de Bizkaia ha reformado su planta municipal para suprimir todos los enclaves. Catalunya cuenta con la normativa más completa para racionalizar el mapa municipal, pero en la práctica la corrección de disfuncionalidades ha sido prácticamente nula.
Paisaje y paisajismo: realidad compleja y diálogos discursivos
Authors: Rubio Tenor Marta , Ojeda Rivera Juan Francisco
Published: September 2018

Este texto se plantea como un ejercicio que conduzca a una mejor comprensión del paisaje como realidad compleja y diálogo de discursos. Para ello, una sintética indagación en la trayectoria histórica de la configuración conceptual del paisaje y cultural del paisajismo mostrará cómo se ha ido gestando dicha complejidad a partir de momentos y paradigmas diferentes. También se comprobará en aquella misma indagación cómo se irán subrayando dos caracteres inseparables de la propia significación del paisaje: su diversidad epistemológica y su progresiva conformación como realidad dialéctica en la que se sintetizan dualidades y tensiones.
New frontiers in agricultural geography: transformations, food security, land grabs and climate change
Authors: Robinson Guy M.
Published: September 2018

Agriculture as a central focus of study featured prominently at several different times in the historical development of human geography, but it has also been an important contributor to the disciplinary transformation that has occurred since 1970. This essay outlines this more recent history, arguing that agricultural geography developed its own concepts and concerns, paralleling some of those within the wider discipline. It illustrates how in the past two decades attempts to examine changes occurring across the breadth of the agri-food system (from supply, to production, to consumption) have brought about a more issues-focused agricultural geography. There is discussion of the use of broad overarching concepts, which have conceived of changes to agriculture and the agri-food system in terms of episodic developments. This has seen recognition of different food regimes, acknowledging possible transitions from productivism to post-productivism to multifunctionality and perhaps neo-productivism. Having discussed these concepts, drawing extensively upon literature written in English, the essay then focuses on selected major problems or key issues to which agriciultural geographers are currently contributing new insights, namely the closely related topics of food security, land grabs and adaptations to climate change.
Cambios de uso del suelo, producción de escorrentía y pérdida de suelo. Sinergias y compensaciones en una rambla mediterránea (Barranc del Carraixet, 1956–2011)
Authors: Camarasa-Belmonte Ana M. , Caballero López Mª Paz , Iranzo García Emilio
Published: September 2018

Agua y suelo son los recursos básicos del paisaje de rambla. Este trabajo estudia cómo influyen los cambios de uso del suelo, entre 1956 y 2011, en los procesos de escorrentía y erosión, en una rambla típica. La escorrentía reacciona a los cambios de uso más rápidamente que la erosión. En total, el 36% de la cuenca es estable. El 64% del área presenta cambios que afectan conjuntamente a los procesos de erosión y escorrentía, con sinergias negativas hacia la degradación (20%) y otras positivas hacia la mejoría (6%). Las proyecciones de futuro apuntan hacia una mejoría de los recursos.
Visión territorial del patrimonio y sostenibilidad del turismo
Authors: Troitiño Vinuesa Miguel Ángel , Troitiño Torralba Libertad
Published: September 2018

En la dialéctica territorio, patrimonio y turismo, este artículo busca avanzar en algunas de las claves de la sostenibilidad en los destinos patrimoniales, como piezas singulares de las estructuras territoriales del siglo XXI. Se reflexiona sobre las posibilidades que conceptos como, patrimonio territorial y sistema patrimonial territorial, abren para abordar relaciones e interdependencias entre patrimonio, territorio y destinos, con el fin de proseguir sobre los principios teóricos de las cartas y cumbres internacionales. La interpretación territorial del patrimonio, un adecuado manejo de herramientas de medición y la consideración de dimensiones sociales, culturales, paisajísticas y funcionales, permitirán abordar aspectos concretos de la sostenibilidad patrimonial y turística.
Proyectos fallidos de desarrollo rural en Andalucía
Authors: Cañete Pérez José Antonio , Cejudo García Eugenio , Navarro Valverde Francisco Antonio
Published: September 2018

Tradicionalmente las investigaciones sobre los Programas de Desarrollo Rural han abordado su efectividad y sus repercusiones sociales y territoriales centradas en los proyectos ejecutados, sin abordar el estudio de aquellos que no lo fueron –denominados por nosotros como fallidos– y, por tanto, sin analizar sus causas, tipologías, promotores o distribución territorial, perdiéndose así una excelente oportunidad de aprender de los motivos por lo que no se ejecutaron con su subvención. El presente trabajo realiza un análisis de los proyectos del periodo 2002–2008 en Andalucía que, habiendo sido aprobados y en los que se ha firmado el correspondiente convenio de ejecución, no se llegaron a realizar a su amparo. La investigación realizada constituye un acercamiento a estos Programas desde una óptica diferente y novedosa, en la que se aborda su distribución espacial, el tipo de promotor, su tipología, los niveles de inversión frustrados y las causas que motivaron su abandono. Para ello, se ha trabajado a dos escalas diferentes, la municipal y la de cada uno de los territorios de los Grupos de Acción Local para toda Andalucía en base a los datos por expedientes aportados por la Junta de Andalucía.