bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to vocode: Using channel vocoders for cochlear-implant research
Authors: Cychosz Meg , Winn Matthew , Goupell Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

The channel vocoder has become a useful tool to understand the impact of specific forms of auditory degradation---particularly the spectral and temporal degradation that reflect cochlear implant processing. Vocoders have many parameters that allow researchers to answer questions about cochlear implant processing in ways that overcome some logistical complications of controlling for factors in individual cochlear implant users. However, there is such a large variety in the implementation of vocoders that the term "vocoder" is not specific enough to describe the signal processing used in these experiments. Misunderstanding vocoder parameters can result in experimental confounds or unexpected stimulus distortions. This paper will highlight the signal processing parameters that should be specified when describing vocoder construction. The paper also provides guidance on how to determine vocoder parameters within perception experiments given the experimenter's goals and research questions to avoid common signal processing mistakes. Throughout, we will take the assumption that experimenters are interested in vocoders with the specific goal of better understanding cochlear implants.
Lexical and social effects on the learning and integration of inflectional morphology
Authors: Rácz Péter , Lukács Ágnes
Published: July 2023

People learn language variation through interactions influenced by lexical representations, processing mechanisms, and social context. An experimental study involving Hungarian speakers used a game with verb non-words based on Hungarian inflectional variation to investigate how social indexicality affects language learning. Participants adapted their lexical patterns to align with an automated co-player's preferences, maintaining these patterns over time, regardless of the social meaning of the variables. The findings suggest that social meaning does not significantly impact the initial learning of morphological variation but may play a role later in the learning process.
Citizen Scholar Chapter 4: Open Scholarship
Authors: Cohen Philip N.
Published: July 2023

This is the second draft of a chapter from the book Citizen Scholar, under contract with Columbia University Press: "Chapter 4: Open Scholarship." I'm circulating it here for comment and criticism.
Synthetic ethnography: Field devices for the qualitative study of generative models
Authors: de Seta Gabriele , Pohjonen Matti , Knuutila Aleksi
Published: July 2023

The development of generative artificial intelligence sustains a proliferation of machine learning models capable of synthesizing text, images, sounds, and other kinds of content. While the increasing realism of synthetic content stokes fears about misinformation and triggers debates around intellectual property, generative models are adopted across creative industries, and synthetic media is already becoming an integral component of cultural products. Qualitative research in the social and human sciences has dedicated comparatively little attention to this category of machine learning, particularly in terms of what types of novel research methodology they both demand and facilitate. In this article, we propose a methodological approach for the qualitative study of generative models grounded on the experimentation with field devices which we call synthetic ethnography. Synthetic ethnography is not simply a qualitative research methodology applied to the study of the social and cultural contexts developing around generative models, but also strives to envision practical and experimental ways to repurpose these technologies as research tools in their own right. After briefly introducing generative models and synthetic media and revisiting the trajectory of digital ethnographic research, we discuss three case studies for which the authors have developed experimental field devices to study different generative AI ethnographically. In the conclusion, we derive a broader methodological proposal from these case studies, arguing that synthetic ethnography facilitates insights into how the algorithmic processes, training datasets and latent spaces behind these systems modulate bias, reconfigure agency, and challenge epistemological categories.
Aqueou Extract of the seeds of Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae) Demontrates Anti-inflammatory Effect Through Anti-oxydant Activity Enhancement in a Rodent Model of on Hemorrhoidal disease induced by Acetic Acid
Authors: Gisèle Atsang A Kiki , Francis Takvou , Finsia Egre , Mathieu Zramah , Dzeufiet DPD
Published: July 2023

After the last treatment, all animals received 5 % acetic acid anal route to the hemorrhoidal submucosa. Administration of acetic acid resulted in a significant reduction (p ˂ 0.01; p < 0.001) in body weight and recto-anal coefficient at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg compared to the negative control. In addition, the concentration of nitric oxide (NO), MDA were significantly reduced (p < 0.05 p < 0.01) in the groups pretreated with different doses of the extract (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) compared to negative and normal control with a significant increase (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001) in the level of SOD, CAT and GHS compared to the negative control. Histological sections showed cellular regeneration in the anal mucosa.
Antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and qualitative phytochemical composition of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae)
Authors: Njoroge Samuel M , Mbaria James M , Aboge Gabriel O , Moriasi Gervason A
Published: July 2023

Background: The high morbidity and mortality associated with microbial infections and the ineffectiveness of conventional antibiotics due to inappropriate use and resistance warrant alternative stratagems. Aim: We investigated the antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, and qualitative phytochemical composition of the aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) based on its ethnomedicinal information. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was investigated using the disk diffusion technique. The brine shrimp lethality assay method was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the study extracts on brine shrimp nauplii. Qualitative phytochemistry of the study extracts was performed using standard procedures. Results: The two extracts did not possess antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and were either inactive or slightly inactive against the other microbes at concentrations of ≤ 50 µg/ml. Notably, the aqueous extract exhibited high to very high activities against E. coli and S. aureus and very high to remarkable activities against B. cereus. The methanolic extract showed remarkable activity at concentrations of ≥200 µg/ml against E. coli, moderate to very high against S. aureus, high to very high against B. cereus, and moderate to high against C. albicans. The aqueous extract's minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 50 μg/ml (E. coli and B. cereus), 100 μg/ml (S. aureus), and 200 μg/ml (C. albicans). The minimum bactericidal concentration concentrations (MBCs) of the aqueous extract were 100 μg/ml (E. coli and B. cereus), 200 μg/ml (S. aureus), while the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for C. albicans was 400 μg/ml. The MICs of the methanolic extract were 25 μg/ml for E. coli, S. aureus, and B. cereus and 100 μg/ml for C. albicans, and the MBCs were 100 μg/ml for E. coli, S. aureus, and B. cereus, and the MFC for C. albicans was 200 μg/ml. The aqueous was non-toxic, while the methanolic extract was slightly toxic to brine shrimp nauplii, indicating their relative safety. Various phytochemicals were detected in the study extracts, depicting broad pharmacologic activity, including antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: The aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of P. peruviana may serve as a source of efficacious and safe novel antimicrobial agents upon further evaluation.
In silico kinase inhibition profiling of BRAF and AKT Signaling in Melanoma Cells with Nuciferine
Authors: Veerichetty Veerabhuvaneshwari , Saravanabavan Iswaryalakshmi , Ramapalaniappan Abiraamasundari
Published: July 2023

The RAS/RAF and PI3K/AKT pathways play a crucial regulatory role and oncogenic mutation of key proteins in these pathways leads to cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Melanoma is triggered by NRAS and BRAF V600E mutation which causes constitutive activation of the PI3K kinase and BRAF kinase respectively, further leading to oncogenic activation of the AKT kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Core regulatory network behind MAPK and AKT cascades interconnect and form feedback loops. This crosstalk between the two pathways plays a vital role in melanoma kinase inhibitor resistance. Nuciferine is found in the plants Nelumbo Nucifera and Nymphaea Caerulea. Nuciferine is the main aporphine alkaloid produced in Nelumbo nucifera. Nuciferine have the best efficiency to remove oxygen free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals. Nuciferine have potent ROS scavenging activity. Nuciferine provokes anti-inflammation, anti-psychotic drug, anti-cancer treatment, and anti-obesity diseases. This in silico analysis results reinforces nuciferine has an effective kinase inhibitor with a potential advantage of evading resistance in melanoma by dual targeting. The residues of the substrate binding pockets were identified using literature search. Molecular docking studies was carried out using AutoDock. Docking studies indicated nuciferine and vemurafenib (reference standard) showed better binding affinity for kinase pockets of Braf V600E, MEK, ERK, PI3K, AKT, mTOR and c-KIT. -7.00Kcal/mol is considered as the cut-off energy for inhibition analysis. Hydrophobic interactions were computed using Biovia. Biovia was used for the graphical representation of protein ligand binding.
Acute toxicity, phytochemicals, and nutrient composition of Moringa oleifera leaves, a plant used as a food supplement in the tropical region of Nigeria
Authors: Odumeru Emmanuel , Njoku Costelia C , Ijioma Solomon , Kelechi Agwunobi
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The moringa oleifera (MO) plant is popularly known as the “miracle tree”. The uses of MO leaf extract in controlling high blood pressure and as a food supplement with high nutritional value have been documented scientifically. Some studies have also shown that dosages appear to be safe from tested toxicity but a relative increase such as 3-4 times the recommended doses is known to cause genotoxic damage. However, there is a paucity of human evidence of the potency of MO presently, most studies use animal models such as rats and ethanol extract. Objective: The study aims to assess the acute toxicity lethal and sublethal doses (LD50) of MO using Swiss albino mice and its phytochemical constituents in our locality where consumption is very high. Methods: The ethanol extraction method was used to obtain the concentrates of 100 g, and thirty (30) adult mice (30 - 40g) were used for Acute Toxicity (LD50). Phytochemical analyses were carried out to determine the major Bio-constituents. Result: Showed that LD50 of 3900 mg/kg produced death in mice. Piloerection amongst others and weight gain were observed in sublethal doses. Carbohydrates (36.6%), Calcium, Phenol, Ascorbic acid, and Methyl Octadecenoate (30%) recorded the highest constituents. Conclusion: it is safe to consume MO to promote health in the right doses.
Aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale attenuates carbon tetrachloride induced hepatorenal injury in albino rats
Authors: Ogunmoyole Temidayo , Agunbiade Oluwadare Joel
Published: July 2023

The rising burden of liver and kidney diseases is taking a global dimension and could threaten public health with devastating consequences. Most patients cannot cope with the cost of conventional treatment particularly in developing nations, hence there is a dire need for a cheaply available but potent alternative in the management of hepatorenal disorders. This study therefore investigates the therapeutic potential of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in rat model of hepatorenal toxicity. Twenty-five adult male albino rats were randomly divided equally into five groups. Groups I and II served as positive and negative control respectively and were administered with distilled water and CCl4 respectively. Group III and IV received a single intraperitoneal injection of 3 ml/kg b.w CCl4 and were post-treated with 50 mg/kg b.w. and 100 mg/kg b.w of Z. officinale extract respectively. Animals in group V were post-treated with standard drug (silymarin (100 mg/kg b.w.)) after exposure to CCl4. Activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as levels of urea, uric acid and bilirubin were determined. Lipid profile as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined in the serum and organs’ homogenates. Level of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were also assayed. Exposure to CCl4 caused a marked derangement in lipid profile, inhibition of CAT and SOD, increase in the levels of AST, ALP, ALT, bilirubin, urea and uric acid coupled with depletion in GSH level relative to control animals. Oral intervention of Z. officinale extract in CCl4-exposed animals resulted in the restoration of deranged lipid profiles, activity of antioxidant enzymes as well as liver and kidney biomarkers. The study suggests that Z. officinale has potentials that can be exploited for hepato-protection and nephroprotection.
Effects of a recipe based on three leafy vegetables consumed in Brazzaville on the reproductive function of the wistar rat
Authors: Peneme BML , Miamb LR , Etou Ossibi AW , Lepondo D , Akassa H , Abena A
Published: July 2023

Spinacia oleracea, Amaranthus hybridus of the Chenopodiaceae family and Brassica campestris of the Brassicaceae family are vegetables consumed in Brazzaville for their nutritional virtues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the recipe based on these three leafy vegetables on reproductive functions. The recipe at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/Kg was administered to male and female rats. The aphrodisiac effects of the recipe in males were evaluated on the numbers of sexual mounts, erections, ejaculations, and latency time; and the estrogenic activities in females, based on the variation of the sexual cycle, the state of the vaginal meatus and the cervical mucus. On acute toxicity, the results show that the aqueous extract (EA) of the recipe does not alter the general condition and behaviour of mice, and no mortality was recorded. In male rats the 500 mg/Kg recipe extract significantly increased the number of sexual mounts, erections, and ejaculations; and decreased the latency time. In females, the 500 mg/kg dose of the extract caused blocking of the cycle in oestrus and pro-oestrus, with increased cervical mucus and vaginal opening. Estradiol levels were also increased. The flavonoids, saponosides and steroids observed in this extract could be responsible for the effects observed on the sexual parameters studied in male and female rats.
Exploring the Diverse Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants: A Review
Authors: Dar Refaz Ahmad , Shahnawaz Mohd , Ahanger Muzaffer Ahmad , Majid Irfan ul
Published: July 2023

Bioactive chemicals have been abundantly found in medicinal plants that hold immense potential for therapeutic applications. This review aims to explore the diverse range of medicinal plant bioactive substances and their pharmacological activities. The review opens by underlining the significance of medicinal plants as important sources for developing new drugs. The relevance of various extraction techniques and analytical procedures is emphasized as the methods used for the identification and extraction of bioactive components from these plants is covered in detail. The subsequent sections focus on specific categories of bioactive compounds and their associated pharmacological activities. We examine the possible uses of bioactive substances obtained from medicinal plants in the treatment of infectious disorders as well as their antibacterial characteristics. These chemicals' anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are also examined, emphasizing their potential for treating inflammatory diseases and oxidative stress. The review also explores the anti-cancer potential of bioactive substances from therapeutic plants, illuminating their methods of action and their potential as innovative therapeutic agents. Furthermore, the neuroprotective and neuro-pharmacological effects of these compounds are discussed, emphasizing their relevance in neurological disorders. Immunomodulatory properties and cardiovascular health benefits of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants are also examined, providing insights into their potential applications in immunotherapy and cardiovascular disease management.
Functional properties and health benefits of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.): A review
Authors: Patil Pranita , Singh Sury Pratap , Patel Pankti
Published: July 2023

In India, ragi is the colloquial name for finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.). It is sometimes recognised as poor man’s food. Ragi flour is used to baked items to create calcium and iron-fortified biscuits. Calcium deficiency may cause birth abnormalities and dental problems. Ragi is good source of iron, which is crucial for the production of haemoglobin in red blood cells. Nutritionally, finger millets are rich in calcium, potassium, dietary fibres and polyphenolic constituents. Some individuals are allergic to protein gluten causing immune reaction. Gluten intolerance leads to chronic inflammatory bowel disorder. An ongoing strict diet (GFD) is the only solution available for these illnesses. Gluten-free products have less nutritional content and to be more expensive other lactose food products. They are well known for their health benefits like antidiabetic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Hence, finger millets are naturally gluten free, these can be consumed by both gluten intolerant as well as diabetic individuals.
A Review on Ethnobotanical and Pharmacological Aspects of Gossypium barbadense L. (Cotton)- A Multidimensional Plant
Authors: Balkrishnan Acharya , Chauhan Muskan , Srivastava Deepika , Kaushik Priya , Arya Vedpriya
Published: July 2023

As an ancient medicinal plant, Gossypium barbadense has been used for medicinal, textile and edible purposes since ancient times to benefit humans. This plant belongs to the Malvaceae family originated from Mexico and Peru, and is commonly called ‘Cotton’. Different parts of G. barbadense are used to treat colds, diarrhea, gout, and skin diseases, as well as ear, respiratory, reproductive and neurological problems in Africa, Brazil, and India. From roots and seeds, gossypol, 6-methoxygossypol, and 6,6′-dimethoxygossypol have been isolated, along with these phytochemicals some other compounds, such as triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, are known to be present in leaves. The extracts and essential oil of this plant displayed anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-ulcer activity. The seed oil of this plant is known among all unsaturated edible oils as 'Heart oil' due to its beneficial effects on the heart. The fiber is the longest with excellent quality, used by industries such as clothes and textiles like archival paper, tents, coffee filters, book binding and fishnets. The aim of this study is to validate the limited available data on this multidimensional plant, its phytoconstituents, and pharmacological aspects, and to stress the need of further research to identify new plant-based medicines and other products for full financial and environmental benefits.
Nietzsche’s View of Chinese Morality and A Comparative Study of Mencius’ Ethics: In Nietzsche’s First Paper on the Genealogy of Morality and Mencius, Focusing on the Comparison of Master/Slave Morality and the Feeling of Compassion(惻隱之心)
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, SON Hui Uk
Published: July 2023

Nietzsche divides morality into the morality of the master (the noble) and the morality of the slave (the non- noble), and criticizes the Christian morality of Europe at the time when Nietzsche lived as slave morality and Chinese morality. Nietzsche’s main morality is the morality of those who affirm everything, including aggression, are energetic, evaluate value independently, and create value. Slave morality, on the other hand, is an altruistic morality derived from resentment against the strong, not from the human subject, which makes humans inactive and dwarfed. However, Mencius says that altruistic morality is morality derived from the subject. Mencius refers to heart of compassion(惻隱之心) that cannot be cruel to others, and says that heart of compassion is a clue to sensitive concern for others(仁) that everyone has. And Mencius emphasized that politics based on the people should be based on heart of compassion and sensitive concern for others. In addition, Mencius says that this heart of compassion doesn’t make human be dwarfed, and belongs to a heart(心)-human nature(性)-sky(天) structure. It connects with human nature and an intrinsic and transcendent sky. This also contrasts with the content that Nietzsche’s master/slave morality arises from the conditions of life in reality. Through this basis, I think it is not reasonable for Nietzsche to view Chinese morality as altruistic slave morality.
Cheng-Zhu’s Theory of Zhongshu and Contemporary Confucians’ Interpretation
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, JEONG Sangbong
Published: July 2023

Cheng brothers and Zhu Xi explained Zhongshu忠恕 by dividing it into the Zhongshu of saints and the Zhongshu of scholars. If the Zhongshu of a saint completely realizes the Zhongshu of heaven and earth without any selfishness, the Zhongshu of a scholar requires constant efforts to practice. In particular, Zhu Xi paid attention to the Zhongshu of scholars, set up a problem situation in which Zhongshu was not carried out properly, and then suggested the study of deliberation and sincerity as a solution. According to Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu, Zhong and Shu have a logical structure of Ti體 and Yong用. The relationship between the two can be seen as the relationship between Ili一理 and Wanshu萬殊. Feng Youlan, Tang Junyi, Xu Fuguan, and Mou Zongsan, who are counted as the contemporary Confucians, each presented different interpretations of Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu from their own perspectives. Feng Youlan refers to “Desiring to take his stand, one who is Good helps others to take their stand; wanting to realize himself, he helps others to realize themselves.” as Zhong忠, “Do not impose upon others what you yourself do not desire.” as Shu恕. On the other hand, Tang Junyi considers the former as active Shu and the latter as passive Shu. In addition, Xu Fuguan divided Zhong and Shu into two aspects: the completion of one’s own self(成己) and the completion of all things(成物). Lastly, Mou Zongsan insists that Cheng Mingdao’s understanding which explained Zhongshu in the dimension where the heavenly principle is constantly revealed, that is, “existing and active”, is correct. In addition, he evaluates that the explanations of Cheng Yichuan and Zhu Xi did not properly explain the true meaning of Zhongshu. The various explanations of the contemporary Confucians on Zhongshu each have their own grounds for argument. It can be said that their various reading methods have broadened the horizon of interpretation. Korean scholars generally take the view of Tang Junyi’s view, which divides Shu into positive and negative aspects among Contemporary Confucians’ Interpretations. I think this is because it keeps in mind Cheng-Zhu’s theory of Zhongshu. In the future, in-depth discussions on the modern significance of Zhongshu should be added.
De libros, niÃ±os y censores. El continuo menosprecio a la literatura infantil
Authors: SÃ¡nchez-GarcÃ­a Sandra
Published: July 2023

En pleno siglo XXI, el siglo de las redes sociales, de la multiplicidad de canales de comunicaciÃ³n y de la libertad de expresiÃ³n, nos puede parecer que la censura es algo del pasado, propia de gobiernos conservadores, pero la realidad es que nos enfrentamos a otro tipo de censura, la de lo â€œpolÃ­ticamente correctoâ€, especialmente cuando nos dirigimos a un lector infantil. De forma silenciosa este tipo de censura coacciona cada vez mÃ¡s a autores, editores, profesores y bibliotecarios en su relaciÃ³n con los libros y los lectores. En este artÃ­culo reflexionamos sobre el papel de la literatura como agente socializador, pero, sobre todo, sobre la competencia lectora de los niÃ±os y jÃ³venes, entendiendo la lectura como un proceso democrÃ¡tico y liberador.
Increasing Student Learning Achievement Through Madrasah Head Strategy Management
Authors: Idrus Ali , Mohzana Mohzana , Jarmita Nida , Rahman Khalid , Shobri Muwafiqus
Published: July 2023

This study aims at the Principal's Strategy for Improving Student Achievement at MAN 1 Mojokerto. 2. What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the Principal's management strategy in improving student achievement at MAN 1 Mojokerto? The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study type in conducting research. In making observations, the researcher acts as participatory and non-participatory observers, namely by participating in teaching and learning activities as well as other activities such as seminars and study groups, then as later as non-participatory observers the researcher observes activities that do not allow researchers to participate in such as activities evaluation and others. The results of the study show that in order to support the principal's strategy through the quality of human resources, infrastructure, learning materials, and rewards.
IS PASSIVE EUTHANASIA A RIGHT FOR THE PATIENT WITH NO HOPE OF RECOVERY?
Authors: KARA Betül
Published: July 2023

Euthanasia; It has been a subject that has been discussed from various perspectives, especially in recent years. Euthanasia, which has a wide framework in itself with its meaning, scope, problems and solutions, often appears with its ethical dimension. There is a multifaceted debate on euthanasia in terminally ill patients, irreversible neurology patients, and intensive care patients. In this review, it is aimed to discuss whether passive euthanasia can be considered as a patient's right in the context of the literature in patients with no hope of recovery.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERIAL AND LIGHT IN STAGE DESIGN
Authors: BENDER Fatma , YAZGIN Yücel
Published: July 2023

The research, which was carried out to determine the visual effects arising from the interaction of the design materials used in the stage design with light, also aims to observe the results to be obtained by applying them to the surfaces of different materials. This research used qualitative research methods as applied research in the case study model and was prepared for the purpose of collecting data on the post-dramatic physical stage performance named "Pygmalion" staged in the state theatre. The results of the research are important to provide more understanding of the relationship between design materials and light. The stage designer used transparent, translucent and opaque materials in the decor and costume materials. As costume material, organic and synthetic fabrics were preferred and materials with glossy-matt and rough-smooth surfaces were used. Data were obtained with photographs made under white light and eight different coloured stage lights. The structural features and surface structures of the design materials reflected different visual results with the effect of different coloured lights. The visual effect is perceived as brightness, opacity and light reflections. Lights of different colours had an effect on the colour reflected from the objects and caused the objects to appear in different colours. The designer must have knowledge of light and materials in order to use the visual effect formed by the relationship between stage design and material consciously. This information is important in terms of providing the desired visual effect and providing flexibility in the variety of materials.
THE IMPORTANCE OF UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY-İŞKUR COOPERATION IN FIGHTING UNEMPLOYMENT
Authors: TATAR Mehmet , ERGÜN Suzan
Published: July 2023

In this study, which is an answer to the question of whether higher education alone provides a benefit in the fight against unemployment, which affects the individual and society negatively, the workforce, employment and unemployment status of university graduates in Turkey for the years 2001-2022 are analyzed. In order to increase the contribution of higher education to employment as a level of education, there is a need to develop cooperation between universities, industry and İŞKUR, which is of great importance in the fight against unemployment.   The aim of this study is to train qualified young people for the professions of the future with the projects that the industry cannot develop with its own potential, the knowledge of the university and the active workforce programs financed by İŞKUR. In addition, to contribute to the development and strengthening of cooperation between universities, industry and İŞKUR in order to reduce unemployment in Turkey. In this study, suggestions developed in order to make the cooperation of the three actors that contribute to employment in the fight against unemployment, which is a current problem, more effective.
POSITIVE RESULTS OF THE HIDDEN PROGRAM IN THE EDUCATION OF NURSING STUDENTS TAKING INTERNAL MEDICINE COURSE-A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: KISKAÇ Neşe , RASHİDİ Mahruk , KARAMAN Funda
Published: July 2023

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the opinions of nursing students who take internal medicine nursing course about the hidden curriculum. Material and Methods: The research was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The data were collected by survey method with 233 nursing students. Results: The total score of the students' hidden curriculum evaluation was found to be 158.05±23.12. A statistically significant difference was found between scale total score and gender and how chose nursing profession (p<0.05). Female students and those who chose the nursing profession willingly had higher scale scores. Conclusion: The nursing profession is a profession that requires a strong sense of responsibility, devotion and high moral values. For this reason, nursing education is also greatly affected by the hidden curriculum. The acquisition of positive interpersonal relations and cultural values is so important in the professional identity formation of nursing students. This can only be gained by the students through the hidden curriculum. Hidden curriculum gains are an issue that universities should work on in terms of gaining professional values and ethical principles. It can be suggested that studies should be carried out in terms of the deficiencies identified in line with the qualitative studies to be carried out, especially with students who think negatively about this subject.
SENSORY EXPERIENCE IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN EDUCATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL VISUAL PERCEPTION STUDY WITH SERIAL VISION METHOD
Authors: YILMAZ Nur
Published: July 2023

Architectural Design is a process that creates products that are perceived by sensory experience and appeal to the senses of the designer and the user, therefore, it is essential to include the senses in architectural education. In recent years, it has been discussed that design appeals to all senses and their sensory scale. For this reason, a sensory experience was planned within the scope of the Interior Reinforcement Relation course, and experimental processes were carried. In this study, students' perceptions of the city and its urban meaning were examined through visual sensory perspectives, and it was aimed to construct the relationship between architectural education and visual experience. The method of the research is a process that integrates visual perception and meaning by creating perspectives with serial visions. Students were given two shopping centers in Adana and were asked to photograph these places. Each stopping point is defined with a perspective and named with concepts that characterize students' perceptions. Consequently, it has been seen that the inclusion of sensory experiences in education contributes to the design education process by making students more sensitive to their environment, and the education process can be enriched by including different senses in architectural design education.
ANALYZING CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORTS WITH TEXT ANALYSIS METHOD: EVIDENCE FROM BIST SUSTAINABILITY 25 INDEX
Authors: ÖZER Gökhan , BALCIOĞLU Yavuz Selim , MERTER Abdullah Kürşat , ÇEREZ Sedat
Published: July 2023

Sustainability reports enable businesses to inform the public about their progress towards their goals, including environmental, social and management measures, and the risks they may face now or in the future. Because businesses play an active role in the sustainable development process, investors are more interested in the activities of businesses and the impact of these activities on the environment. In this study, the sustainability reports of the companies included in the Borsa Istanbul (BIST) sustainability 25 index were evaluated. Using a sample of 16 companies included in the Borsa Istanbul sustainability 25 index and publishing sustainability reports in 2021, text analysis was conducted to identify trends in sustainability reports. The analysis process was carried out using the Python programming language. According to the results of the analysis obtained, it was determined that 81% of the sustainability report statements showed positive sensitivity and 19% had negative sensitivity. In addition, in the study, LDA topic modeling and distance mapping were applied to 16 sustainability reports, and it was observed that reports 2, 15, 6, 13 and 8 overlapped with each other as a result of the application. It was assumed that there was no definitive word list for each report, as no heavy overlap was found between the other reports. Therefore, we can state that the PyLDAvis package included in the Python software is an effective tool for identifying overlaps and the most important themes among sustainability reports.
EVALUATION OF RIZE’S LOGISTICS CENTER POTENTIAL WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC RELATIONS THROUGH SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: CAN Mevlüde Canan
Published: July 2023

Logistics centers make important and direct contributions on matters such as reducing logistics costs, shortening transportation and transfer times, preventing traffic accidents by regulating urban and intercity traffic density on the roads, decreasing the negative effects of road transport on the environment and carbon emissions, creating a synergy by strengthening the supply chain across individuals and organizations in this sector where better quality service is provided, and increasing added value. On the other hand, within the context of public relations, SWOT analysis should be done for determining the potential situation in order to obtain data that will guide the establishment of the plans and practices to be followed for presenting a new service or organization to the targetaudience.In this regard, this study explores the current position of Rize province through SWOT analysis in order to determine its potential to become a logistics center. In this context, the strengths,weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Rize for being a logistics junction and base zone of the Black Sea are revealed. The study finds that the Rize logistics center will have a strategic location in the Caucasus Corridor opening to Europe and Central Asia and will create a significant advantage in the southern and northern freight movements and especially in Iran’s freight in transit. Furthermore, the study offers suggestions to make physical and institutional infrastructure improvements for the logistics center in Rize, to establish the necessary technological infrastructure systems, and to increase the university- private sector cooperation.
AN EXAMINATION OF THE FILM “MATRIX RESURRECTIONS” IN THE CONTEXT OF JUNGIAN CONCEPT OF ARCHETYPE
Authors: Ş. AKPINAR Neslihan
Published: July 2023

While the common ground of art and popular culture products is human creativity, popular culture products, as the name suggests, are the products of the people. But it is possible that the productions that the public will like, turn into mass culture today, where the economic determinant is dominant. However, regardless of its basic motivation, it is possible to say that every work that contains the core of creativity has a relationship with the unconscious, which is the field of creativity. What can we see by considering movies with an analytical psychology approach? What do these productions, which contain elements from myths, fairy tales and dreams, tell us from the field of the unconscious?The Matrix series has managed to impress the audience since the first movie was released and attracted the attention of many researchers from different fields. In this study, the relationship of cinema with myth, dream, and fairy tale is evaluated from a psychoanalytic perspective, and the Matrix series and especially the last film of the series, The Matrix Resurrections (Lena Wachovski, 2021), is tried to be examined with the guidance of Carl Gustav Jung, the founder of analytical psychology. The film, which opens up many fields of inquiry with its approach to reality, is this time handled with an approach from the field of inner reality. For this reason, this study tries to look at the elements of the film, which can be associated with popular culture and the culture industry, from the field of the unconscious. For this purpose, Jung's approach based on myths, dreams and ancient beliefs that he examined in order to understand the unconscious of man is used.
A STUDY ON NIGDE'S RURAL AREA ANALYSIS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: SANDAL ERZURUMLU Gülden , AĞBABA Derya
Published: July 2023

The need for green space is increasing in cities that are growing and becoming concrete piles. People are constantly looking for green spaces to rest. However, due to the increasing population, green or garden areas are leaving their places to zoning areas. In Nigde, with the increase in population, green and garden areas are leaving their places to multi-storey buildings. For this reason, the Bor road, where the buildings increase in Nigde, was chosen as the research area. The spaces opened to zoning areas have increased after the 2000s. In our research, the change that took place after 2000 was examined. As of 2001, garden areas have been started to be evaluated as zoning areas. In order to determine the changes in the areas opened for development, the changes between the years 2009-2019 were digitized with Google Earth images, and the areas were digitized with the ArcGIS 10.2 program after examining it with Global Mapper and suggestions were developed for the future situation. Land use plays an important role because of the past, present and future concerns about the province of Nigde. In our study, it is aimed to examine the land use situation of the ongoing urbanization between Nigde and Bor, where urbanization is intense, and to determine the land use of the past period. Our aim is to determine the positive and negative changes that occurred in the agricultural areas in the research area in 2009-2019 and to develop solutions for increasing green areas in order to provide a better environment for people.
FACTORIZATION OF SEPARABLE VARIABLE FUNCTION FOR TWO AND THREE VARIABLES
Authors: Mosa Ghafar H.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we give an alternate proof to the main theorem of [1], then generalize the result to coverarbitrary functions, and we study the separation of any function with three variables. Also, we introduce a way to factorize such function.
ON QUASI- CONFLUENT MAPPINGS
Authors: Mustafa Hadi J. , Mansour Nadir G. , Kadhem Hiyam H.
Published: July 2023

I n this work we study quasi-confluent mappings, where we the relation between these mappings andconfluent mappings. Also, we study some operations on quasi-confluent mappings, such as: the pullback, factrization, composition and product of quasi-confluent mappings .
MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE FUNCTION ON A SINGLE MACHINE SCHEDULING
Authors: . S Abdul Razaq T. S. , K Al Saidy S. K. , K Al Zuwaini M.
Published: July 2023

We consider a single machine scheduling problem to minimize a multiple objective function; sumof earliness, tardiness and completion time. As this problem is complete NP-hard we propose a branch andbound algorithm to obtain an optimal solution. The implementation of optimizing algorithms dose seen to bepromising but it need longer time. Thus we tackle the problem with local search methods: descent method,simulated annealing and threshold acceptance. The performance of these heuristic methods is evaluated on alarge set of test problems, and the results are also compared with these obtained by genetic algorithm andhybrid method which is combining the simulated annealing with the genetic algorithm. The best results are obtained with the hybrid method. We solved the problem optimality with up to 35 jobs and approximately with up to 150000 jobs.
BANACH ALGEBRA VALUED –MEASURE
Authors: Al- Mayahi Noori F.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we introduce the concept of Banach Algebra valued measure, several properties of thismeasure are proved.
THE OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASES APPROACH REPRESENT A TYPICAL SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS
Authors: Al-mayali Yahya Mahdi Hadi
Published: July 2023

numbers, short text, and dates. With the advent of powerful and affordable multimedia computers, people increasingly need databases to store more complex objects. Typical objects include graphics, sound, and video clips. For some applications, like geographic Information Systems(GIS) and computer-aided design (CAD), developers need the ability to define their own objects.Storing objects involves two aspects: storing data for their properties and storing and activating theirmethods. The first part- storing properties – is relatively easy. In relational database, the properties becomes columns. Relational databases can be adapted to handle objects. On of main components is the ability to define new data types. These data types are treated as objects, and they can inherit properties from other data types. Many commercial applications are created using OO methodologies. Given that several object-oriented applications might need to share the same data, we describe how such applications can interoperate with eachother. By exposing the internal object properties and methods, the developers can use the applications to create the complex integrated business applications. The applications can use all the features of a spreadsheet, word processors, or graphics packages.This technology also provides function as well as data together so that the data can be manipulated bythe given function. we show that how the data is more secure in object-oriented database than in relational database and also why do we migrate from RDBMS into OODBMS.In this paper, we describe the major characteristics and requirements of object-oriented applications and how they may affect the choice of a system and method for making objects persistent in that application.
COMPARISON OF MINQUE AND SIMPLE ESTIMATOR OF THE ERROR VARIANCE IN THE GAUSS MARKOFF MODEL
Authors: AL-MOUEL Abdul-Hussein Saber
Published: July 2023

The problem of estimation of variance components occurs in many areas of research. This paper isdevoted to study the comparison between Minimum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimator (MINQUE) andOrdinary Least Square Estimator (OLSE) of s 2 in the Gauss Markoff Model {Y, Xb, s 2V}, under meansquare errors criterion, where the model matrix X need not have full rank and the dispersion matrix V can be singular.A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for that MINQUE is superior to simple estimator, inparticular, a simple sufficient condition is that the degree of freedom of errors is equal to or greater than 4.
COMPACT-F AND LINDEL o F- C SPACES
Authors: Mustafa Hadi J.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we introduce and study compact-F and Lindelof -C Spaces .Compact-F space is atopological space in which every compact subset is finite, Lindelof-C Space is a topological space in which every Lindelof subsets is countable several properties of these spaces are proved.
APPROXIMATION OF 3-MONOTONE FUNCTIONS BY 3-MONOTONE FUNCTIONS IN Lp SPACES
Authors: Bhaya Eman Samir , Mohsin Rewayda Razaak
Published: July 2023

We Obtain a direct theorem for the simultaneous approximation of 3-monotone functions in Lp bysplines in Lp .
THE CYCLIC DECOMPOSITION OF THE FACTOR GROUP CF(Dnh,Z)/R(Dnh) WHEN N IS AN ODD NUMBER
Authors: Abbas Hussein Hadi , Mahdi Mohammed Shakir
Published: July 2023

For fixed positive integer n³3 ,let Dn be the dihedral group, Dnh= Dn ÏC2 and cf(Dnh,Z) be the abeliangroup of Z-valued class functions of the group Dnh .The intersection of cf(Dnh,Z) with the group of allgeneralized characters of Dnh , R(Dnh) is a normal subgroup of cf(Dnh,Z) denoted by R (Dnh),thencf(Dnh,Z)/ R (Dnh) is a finite abelian factor group which is denoted by K(Dnh).
NEW PROPOSED METHODS FOR CODING INFORMATION USING DIRECT PRODUCT OF SYMMETRIC MATRICES AND CONTRACTION FUNCTIONS WITH NEW PROPERTIES OF HERMITIAN MATRICES
Authors: Al-Rammahi Adel Mohammad Hassan Rizak
Published: July 2023

In this paper, two separately methods were suggested for coding information .The first method wasintroduced using the directness of symmetric matrices .The contraction function was used for introducing the second method .For more complexity the presented two methods were gathered in one method . And it is proved that the direct product preserves the property of Hermitian positive definite matrices .
SOME PROBLEMS IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE WISHART DISTRIBUTION
Authors: AL-Mousaway Nadia Abud Habeeb
Published: July 2023

Under the multivariate linear model{Y , Xb ,åÄV }, A number of characterization of the distribution ofi X have been made based on the properties of the statistics 1 Y and 2 Y when 1 Y and 2 Y be two linear functions defined on R1 as follows n n Y = a X + ....+ a X 1 1 1 and n n Y = b X + .....+ b X 2 1 1 . Generalizations of these problems to the multivariate case have been made by several authors by extending the techniques used in the univariate case. In my paper I shall consider some other generalization, which possibly require development of new techniques ,if 1 2 X , X be independent and identically distributed p-vector r.v.,s such that ( \ ) 0 1 2 1 2 E X - AX X + B¢X = ,where A and B are nonsingular matrices. In special case when A = B-1 , A is symmetric and the egen values do not take values ±1. Under these conditions that 1 X has an m.n.d. in the present paper we shall consider a few other cases.
ON K -MONOTONE APPROXIMATION IN LP
Authors: Al-Muhja Malik Saad , Bhaya Eman Samir
Published: July 2023

In 1995 Kopotun [4], introduced a paper on k -monotone polynomial and spline approximation in P L ,0 < p < ¥ quasi norm . In this paper, we discuss the errors of approximation of k -monotone function by k - monotone interpolation . It turns out that any two k -monotone functions f and g , whose graphs intersect each other at certain ( sufficiently many ) points in [a,b], have to be "close" to each other in the sense that P f - g , has to be small .
aC – CONTINUOUS FUNCTION
Authors: Mustafa Hadi Jaber , Muhammad Sajda Kwadhem , Al – Khafa Neeran Tahir
Published: July 2023

The main aim of this paper is to study new class of continuous function is called ac – continuous function. For this aim , the nation of a - open and pre – open sets and a - compact space are introduced. and we shall study their relation ship between ac – continuous and pc – continuous function .