bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência da pandemia COVID-19 nas estratégias de comercialização do pescado nas cidades de Cuité, Picuí e Barra de Santa Rosa-PB
Authors: Santos Rivanildo Diniz , Da Silva Adrian Gutemberg Farias , Apolinário Marisa de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

A comercialização do pescado em mercados, feiras livres e peixarias se destacam como tendo grande relevância, tendo em vista serem os locais mais frequentados pela população local como por pessoas de localidades circunvizinhas, além da forma de apresentação do pescado disponibilizado para a venda. Entretanto, a pandemia COVID-19, mudou os hábitos de comercialização do pescado, fazendo com que novas estratégias de venda do produto fossem adotadas no sentido de minimizar as perdas ocasionadas no período. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer um panorama da comercialização do pescado no Curimataú e Seridó paraibano, nas cidades de Cuité, Picuí e Barra de Santa Rosa, por serem cidades polos de comercialização nas microrregiões estudadas. Foram analisados dados acerca das espécies mais comercializadas, formas de apresentação do pescado e estratégias de comercialização durante a COVID-19, comparando com dados de comercialização antecedentes à pandemia. Os resultados possibilitaram detectar novas estratégias mercadológicas de venda de pescado, com ênfase no comércio através de delivery, destacando critérios de qualidade estabelecidos pelo consumidor no tocante à qualidade e ao preço do produto, bem como a utilização do marketing através das redes sociais para fidelizar o consumidor. Ressalta-se o perfil do consumidor diante deste novo cenário diante da COVID-19, o qual evidencia uma preferência por determinados pescados, destacando-se o filé de tilápia, bem como o preço atrativo do produto, em comparação com outras carnes, o que ocasionou mudanças no comércio varejista de pescado na região estudada antes e durante a pandemia COVID-19.
Diagnóstico de falhas estruturais em um protótipo de uma ponte metálica utilizando uma rede neural artificial multi-layer perceptron com backpropagation
Authors: De Azevedo Maria Eduarda Mendes , De Souza Simone Silva Frutuoso
Published: December 2023

Neste artigo apresenta-se a aplicação de uma rede neural artificial multi-layer perceptron com backpropagation no diagnóstico de falhas estruturais em um protótipo de uma ponte metálica. O desenvolvimento e implementação foi realizado utilizando o toolbox NNtool do software MATLAB©. Esta ferramenta computacional pode ser utilizada para ajudar profissionais a realizar diagnósticos em estruturas, de modo a identificar falhas estruturais precocemente, realizar a manutenção preventiva e evitar catástrofes, tornando a operação de uma estrutura mais eficiente e segura. Para validar a ferramenta computacional desenvolvida, foram utilizados dados reais, adquiridos através de um experimento em um protótipo de uma ponte metálica construída em laboratório, onde foram capturados sinais da estrutura em condição normal (base-line) e da estrutura em condição de falha. Foram simuladas 6 falhas estruturas usando a técnica de aderência de massa. Foram realizados testes de referência cruzada  e os resultados apresentam precisão média de 98,75% de acerto com um desvio padrão de 4,12%. Desta forma, destaca-se que a rede neural proposta se mostra bastante eficiente e pode contribuir com outras linhas de pesquisas relacionadas a falhas estruturais e inteligência artificial.
Utilização de materiais compósitos na automação industrial
Authors: Galvão Neto Leoncio Soares
Published: December 2023

A preocupação básica deste estudo é mostrar as possibilidades de utilização de materiais compósitos na automação industrial e suas vantagens. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância de utilizar-se desta classe de materiais e suas principais características para aplicação na área de automação industrial. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica considerando as contribuições de autores como CALLISTER (2008), BARROS (2016) E ROSÁRIO (2005), entre outros, procurando enfatizar a vantajosidade e importância da utilização de materiais compósitos para sistemas automatizados em industrias. Concluiu-se a importância e vantagens da utilização de materiais compósitos na automação industrial é evidente e clara na bibliografia consultada por apresentar características químicas e mecânicas singulares.
Queilite actínica em trabalhadores rurais
Authors: Rodrigues Jáfia Lorrayne de Souza Fernandes , Barbosa Maria de Fátima Lima
Published: December 2023

Introdução: A queilite actínica (QA) é uma alteração pré-maligna comum do vermelhão do lábio, que resulta de uma exposição progressiva e excessiva ao espectro ultravioleta da luz solar.  Termos de uso popular como lábio do fazendeiro ou lábio do marinheiro são utilizados para designar esta patologia. Objetivo: Descrever sobre essa condição em trabalhadores rurais é crucial para aumentar o conhecimento científico e, assim, contribuir para a prevenção e o controle da QA nessa população. Metodologia: Trata-se de um artigo de revisão integrativa. Foram elencados como critérios de inclusão: artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, está disponível na integra na língua portuguesa, artigos que tratam da temática e artigos disponíveis na base de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Resultados: a exposição crônica à radiação solar, especialmente em trabalhadores rurais que passam longos períodos ao ar livre, representa um fator de risco significativo para o desenvolvimento da Queilite Actínica. Além disso, fatores como idade avançada e histórico de lesões prévias nos lábios também foram consistentemente associados à condição. Conclusão: A literatura revisada destaca a relevância de medidas preventivas, incluindo o uso regular de protetores solares labiais, chapéus de abas largas, óculos de sol e a conscientização sobre os riscos da exposição excessiva ao sol. A educação dos trabalhadores rurais sobre medidas de fotoproteção é essencial nesse contexto.
Caracterização química do óleo de amêndoas de butiá (Butia yatay)
Authors: Czapla Bruna , Cecatto Ana Paula
Published: December 2023

O Butia yatay é uma palmeira nativa da América do Sul, amplamente distribuída no Brasil, Uruguai e Argentina. Suas amêndoas são conhecidas por serem uma fonte potencial de óleo com propriedades nutricionais e medicinais. Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar a extração do óleo da amêndoa do Butia yatay por prensagem para posterior realização de avaliações químicas. O estudo é uma abordagem quali-quantitativa de natureza descritivo-exploratória. Foram utilizados procedimentos de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa experimental e laboratorial. As amostras foram coletadas no primeiro semestre de 2023, no auge da maturação dos frutos. A polpa foi extraída manualmente, e os caroços foram secos ao sol para facilitar a remoção da amêndoa. As amêndoas foram trituradas e submetidas à prensagem a frio em uma prensa hidráulica. O óleo resultante foi armazenado em condições refrigeradas. Foram realizadas análises para verificar a quantidade, identidade e qualidade do óleo, incluindo a quantificação de carotenoides. Os dados coletados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. A extração de óleo foi eficiente, atingindo 25,54% de óleo extraído. Os parâmetros de qualidade do óleo, como acidez, índice de peróxidos e índice de saponificação, apresentaram-se dentro dos limites legais e indicam que o óleo apresentou-se em bom estado de conservação, sem ácidos graxos livres e com estabilidade em relação aos processos oxidativos. O estudo demonstra que a extração de óleo de amêndoas de Butia yatay por prensagem a frio é eficiente, atendendo aos padrões de qualidade, apresentando baixa acidez, ausência de peróxidos e teor significativo de carotenoides, contribuindo para o conhecimento da qualidade desse óleo.
Sistema de drenagem superficial em um conjunto habitacional no município de Rio Preta da Eva/AM – estudo de caso
Authors: Costa Júnior Reginaldo Augusto Rodrigues , Pinheiro Érika Cristina Nogueira Marques , Castilho Jéssica Godinho de Freitas
Published: December 2023

Este artigo tem por finalidade apresentar resultados relacionados à recuperação de drenagem superficial em uma área residencial urbana, onde a forma inadequada de manuseio dos moradores em conduzir suas águas servidas diretamente para área externa ocasiona, consequentemente, em danos nas instalações de águas pluviais, devido à ausência de infraestrutura de saneamento básico. A pesquisa identificou problemas como a deterioração nas pavimentações, sarjetas, meio fios e calçadas nos sistemas de escoamento, após a realização da análise dos dados coletados resultou em soluções práticas e técnicas que reduziram significativamente os problemas e melhoraram a infraestrutura da área residencial. O estudo busca contribuir para o conhecimento interdisciplinar, integrando conceitos de engenharia, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento urbano para abordar esses problemas. Além disso, destaca a importância da drenagem superficial no intuito que seja usado somente para sua finalidade, visto que hoje está comprometido com a água servida que direciona para local indevido, ocasionando impactos no meio ambiente devido seu crescimento urbano desgovernado que usa o mesmo para outros fins, deixando o sistema vulnerável e tendo as consequências de erosão e assoreamento. Os resultados não apenas oferecem soluções eficazes para os desafios de drenagem na área residencial urbanas, mas também promovem o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável e a qualidade de vida nas áreas residenciais.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, OPERATIONAL CASH FLOW, DENGAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI TERHADAP PENGHINDARAN PAJAK (TAX AVOIDANCE) PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Novianti Delphia , Jaeni Jaeni
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of Profitability, Operational Cash Flow and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a moderating variable on Tax Avoidance. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2017-2021. In this study, a sample of companies that were obtained and met the criteria were 200 financial report data which, after going through the normality test, became 141 observations. The method used in sampling in this study is using purposive sampling method. The analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis which functions to involve moderating variables in building the relationship model. The moderating variable acts as a variable that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, which is preceded by the classic assumption test which consists of a formality test, multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test. Meanwhile, hypothesis testing was carried out using the F test and t test. The results of data analysis from this study showed that Profitability had no effect on Tax Avoidance, whereas Operational Cash Flow had a positive effect on Tax Avoidance. Meanwhile, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not able to moderate the influence of Profitability and Operational Cash Flow on Tax Avoidance.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LEVERAGE, DAN PERPUTARAN PERSEDIAAN TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Wigati Rahma Puspa , Widati Listyorini Wahyu
Published: December 2023

The population in this study are all Consumer Goods Industry Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 191 companies in the 2019-2021 period. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, so the final sample obtained was 186 companies belonging to the Consumer Goods Industry sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019-2020 period. In this study the method of data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study explain that company size and inventory turnover have a positive effect on profitability, while leverage has a negative effect on profitability.
PENGARUH PAD, DANA PERIMBANGAN DAN BELANJA MODAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Rustiyani Nova , Barus Irene Sukma Lestari
Published: December 2023

This study will examine the effect of Regional Original Income, Balanced Funds, and Capital Expenditures on the financial performance of the West Bandung Regency Regional Government from the 2012 to 2019 fiscal year. The method of choice is scientific investigation using secondary data (time series data) collected over eight years in one location. Eviews Version 10 serves as a testing tool for error correction model (ECM) regression analysis. The findings of this study illustrate how Regional Original Income, Equalization Fund, and Capital Expenditure together affect Financial Performance and partially Regional Original Income does not have a significant effect on Financial Performance, Balance Fund has a significant positive effect on Financial Performance, and Capital Expenditure does not have a significant effect on Financial  Performance.
PENGARUH PERPUTARAN KAS DAN PIUTANG TERHADAP ROA PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM MITRA USAHA DESA CISEMPUR
Authors: Nurjaya Suhaendang , Istikomah Istikomah , Hidayat Asep Iwa
Published: December 2023

It is certain that to carry out its activities each cooperative requires a certain amount of funds, both funds originating from loans and own capital. This study aims to determine the effect of Cash Turnover and Accounts Receivable Turnover on Return On Assets (ROA) in the Cisempur Village Mitra Savings and Loans Cooperative. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis method. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from the Cisempur Village Partner Savings and Loans Cooperative with a total sample of 60 data for 5 years. Based on the results of the regression test in this study, it shows that cash turnover has no significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA) in the Cisempur Village Mitra Savings and Loans Cooperative. Accounts Receivable Turnover has no significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA) in Cisempur Village Business Partner Savings and Loans Cooperative. Cash Turnover and Accounts Receivable Turnover have no significant effect on Return On Assets (ROA) in the Cisempur Village Business Partner Savings and Loans Cooperative.
PENGARUH PENYALURAN KREDIT TERHADAP PENDAPATAN BPR MURIA HARTA NUSANTARA
Authors: Dwi Rahmasari Nadya , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing how much influence lending has on bank income obtained by BPR Muria Harta Nusantara. The method used in this study is a quantitative method by utilizing secondary data originating from the annual published financial reports of BPR Muria Harta Nusantara for the 2018-2022 period. The hypothesis testing method uses simple linear analysis, t statistical testing (t test) and testing the coefficient of determination. The test results with simple linear analysis indicating that lending has a positive effect on bank income, with the t test results showing 6.542 > 3.182 and the results of the determination coefficient test showing R square of 0.934 which means lending affect the bank's income positively by 93.4% while the other 6.6% is influenced by other factors.
ANALISIS TATA KELOLA KEUANGAN SMAIT BUAHATI ISLAMIC SCHOOL JAKARTA BERDASARKAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 48 TAHUN 2008
Authors: Fiqiyah Nur Mahda , Nurodin Idang , Martaseli Ev
Published: December 2023

This study aims to understand the process of preparing the School Budget Activity Plan (RKAS), budget realization, preparing financial reports at SMAIT Buahati Islamic School Jakarta, and understanding the financial governance of SMAIT Buahati Islamic School Jakarta. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the planning process of school financial governance sourced from school fund finances and BOS funds begins with holding a limited meeting with the process of preparing RKAS and RAB, based on the plans needed by the school and the technical instructions for school BOS. The realization of financial governance at SMAIT Buahati Islamic School Jakarta, the principle of efficiency has not been followed properly. The preparation of financial reports is carried out routinely by making an Accountability Sheet (LPJ) for each activity that has been carried out.
PENGARUH GREEN ACCOUNTING DAN CARBON EMISSION DISCLOSURE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN MELALUI MAQASHID SYARIAH
Authors: Al Banjari Naufal Rizqullah
Published: December 2023

This study aims to analyze direct influence between green accounting, carbon emission disclosure, and maqashid sharia variables on firm value and analyze indirect influence between green accounting and carbon emission disclosure on firm value through maqashid sharia as intervening variable in state-owned companies listed in Indonesian Sharia Stock Index in the 2017-2021 period. This study is a quantitative research with an associative approach. The type of data used is secondary data by using documentation techniques in retrieving data in the form of annual reports and sustainability reports in each company. The data analysis technique used is structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis with the partial least square (PLS) method, then all of which will be processed in the SmartPLS 3 application. The result of this study are there is no significant effect between green accounting and carbon emission disclosure on firm value and maqashid sharia, while maqashid sharia has a significant influence on firm value. Meanwhile, there is no indirect effect between green accounting and carbon emission disclosure on firm value through maqashid sharia.
Incretin-Based Therapies and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Oladghaffari Mobina , Rahnemayan Sama , Tohid Zahra , Montazer Majid , Dabiri Farnaz
Published: December 2023

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the data from cohort studies that compared treatment with or without incretins and the incidence of breast cancer (BC) due to the current controversies. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, ProQuest, Ovid, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies. A secondary analysis was conducted to compare the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4Is) on BC development. Results: The meta-analysis of four studies with 58,767 patients and 461,475 controls revealed that incretin-based therapies increase the incidence of BC insignificantly (risk ratio (RR)=1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.44–3.40; P=0.69). The DPP-4I group significantly reduced the risk of BC compared to the GLP-1RA group (RR=0.43, 95% CI=0.32–0.59; P<0.00001). Conclusion: This study found no evidence of a substantial increase in BC incidence in patients with type 2 diabetes taking GLP-1RAs and DPP-4Is. However, DPP-4Is were less likely than GLP-1RAs to cause BC formation.
Assessment of the Effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia on Anthropometric Characteristics and Dietary Intake in Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Nikniaz Zeinab , Mahdavi Reza , Nikniaz Leila
Published: December 2023

Background: Considering the result of animal studies regarding the effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) on weight, the present study was designed to assess the effect of whole fruit and medulla of EA powder supplementation on weight and dietary intake of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: In this interventional study, 90 female patients with OA were allocated into whole fruit powder of EA (15 g/d), medulla powder of EA (15 g/d), and placebo groups. The supplementation duration was eight weeks. The weight and height were measured using the standard protocol, and the body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour recall for three days and analyzed using Nutritionist IV software. Then, paired t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used as a statistical analysis. Results: A total of 78 patients participated in this study. The mean age of participants was 56.31±8.55 years, and the mean BMI was 32.44±2.95 kg/m2 . None of the participants were physically active, 69% of them were inactive, and 31% were minimally active. There were no significant differences between groups regarding the baseline values. The mean BMI decreased in the EA medulla and whole fruit group, and it increased in the placebo group. However, the changes were not significant in the studied groups (P>0.05). The results of within-group analyses indicated no significant changes in energy, macronutrients, and antioxidant micronutrient intake after EA medulla, whole fruit, and placebo supplementation compared with baseline values (P>0.05). The result of between-group analyses also showed no significant difference between groups regarding the changes in energy, macro, and micronutrient intake. Conclusion: The results of the present clinical trial indicated that EA has no significant effect on anthropometric characteristics and dietary intake in patients with OA.
Association of Cardiovascular Disease, Respiratory Diseases, and Diabetes Treatment With COVID-19 Mortality in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Nikniaz Zeinab , Faghih Dinevari Masood , Mokhtari Leila
Published: December 2023

Background: The prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with preexisting non-communicable disease was high, and there was a question regarding the effect of the usage of medications on COVID-19 outcomes in these patients. Therefore, this study investigated the outcome of patients with different cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), respiratory diseases, and diabetes drug use. Methods: In this analytical longitudinal study, information was collected on clinical laboratory data, COVID-19 severity, comorbidities, and drug use. The follow-up time was from enrollment to discharge or death. Results: A total of 1046 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 participated in this analytical longitudinal study. The most commonly used drugs were CVD drugs (39.4%) and diabetes drugs (19.7%). The frequency of drug use was statistically similar between survivors and non-survivors except for diabetic drug use which was significantly higher in non-survivors (P=0.04). Patients who used the diabetic drugs were more likely to die (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.008-1.97). Moreover, the association was not significant after adjusting to confounding factors, and there was no significant association between other drug use and death in patients with COVID-19. Conclusion: The result of the present study showed that antihypertensive treatments, antidiabetic, and respiratory disease drugs were not associated with higher deaths in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Evaluation of Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Hospitalized Children With SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Askarimoghaddam Forough , Fayyaz Farimah , Aminpour Yasaman , Ramezani Kashal Fatemeh , Gholami Maryam , Salekmoghadam Sana , Hajialiyan Hoda , Tavakol Zahra , Arabi Homa , Seyfi Marzieh , Moradi Fatemeh , Afchangi Kasra , Tavakol Marzieh
Published: December 2023

Background: There are a few studies on the laboratory and clinical results of COVID-19 in pediatric patients. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the laboratory and clinical findings of children who were hospitalized due to infection with COVID-19. Methods: This case-series study was conducted from May 1, 2020 to July 30, 2022 and evaluated hospitalized patients up to the age of 18 years old who were admitted with the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in the endemic period of SARS-CoV-2 at Imam Ali hospital in Karaj. The required data were collected from medical records, including medical history, demographic information, SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, physical examination, laboratory test results, comorbidities, severity the of disease, and mortality rate. After obtaining the data, SPSS-26 was used to perform statistical analysis. Results: This study included 96 confirmed COVID-19 cases (42 females and 54 males), and the mean age of patients was 7.2 years. COVID-19 comorbidities were positive in 22 cases (22.9%), and diabetes was the most common comorbidity, which was detected in 13 cases (13.5%). Twelve (12.5%) cases of COVID-19 exhibited critical severity, and the mortality rate was 5.2%. The four most frequent clinical symptoms were found to be fever, cough, dyspnea, and vomiting, which were noted in 82 (85.4%), 52 (54.2%), 29 (30.2%), and 29 (30.2%) cases, respectively. In addition, respiratory distress and cyanosis were observed in 20 (20.8%) and 6 (6.3%) patients, respectively. Moreover, 18 (18.8%) cases had allergies, and skin allergies were the most prevalent, followed by allergic rhinitis and exercise-induced cough. Conclusion: This case series survey addressed the laboratory and clinical features of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 patients. Despite the relatively small number of samples, the findings could provide a useful report of the clinical manifestations and paraclinical findings of COVID-19 in children.
Molecular Detection of lsa21 Gene Encoding an Adhesion Protein Among Pathogenic Leptospiral Serovars
Authors: Rahmani Zahra , Khaki Pejvak , Gharakhani Mehdi , Esmaelizad Majid
Published: December 2023

Background: Leptospirosis, as an emerging global public health problem, is a widespread zoonosis and substantial infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. The diagnosis of the disease remains a challenge due to its non-specific clinical symptoms. The Lsa21 protein is one of the leptospiral proteins that has extracellular matrix-binding properties that are expressed during the infection of pathogenic Leptospira serovars. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the presence of the lsa21 gene in Leptospira serovars. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 22 pathogenic Leptospira serovars and non-pathogenic Leptospira serovars, obtained from the Reference Laboratory for Leptospira, Razi Vaccine, and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. DNA Leptospira serovars were extracted and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Results: An approximately 540-bp DNA fragment from the DNA of all pathogenic Leptospira serovars was amplified by the PCR not found in non-pathogenic serovars. Conclusion: Molecular detection of pathogenic leptospires based on the lsa21 gene can be utilized for laboratory diagnosis and could be a good candidate for developing vaccines against leptospirosis.
COVID-19: A Review on Clinical Manifestations
Authors: Hasani Hamidreza , Mardi Shayan , Molaverdi Ghazale , Yousefi Reihane , Kohandel Omid , Fathi Haniyeh , Taherzadeh-ghahfarokhi Nooshin , Mardi Parham , Shamsoddini Sara
Published: December 2023

SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the respiratory system, resulting in pulmonary complications. However, recent research has indicated that COVID-19 can exert broader systemic effects on various organs. This comprehensive paper, which synthesizes studies up until now, centers on the clinical characteristics and symptoms of COVID-19. It furnishes a detailed overview of prevalent symptoms, highlighting fever, cough, and fatigue as the most frequently reported symptoms. Moreover, it delves into the diverse manifestations impacting not only the respiratory system but also the eyes, nervous system, musculoskeletal system, and skin. In addition to symptomatology, this study offers a succinct exploration of patients’ clinical presentations, potential complications, incubation period, and outcomes. This compilation of knowledge serves as an invaluable tool for medical practitioners, providing them with essential insights to enhance the accuracy of diagnosis and optimize the treatment strategies for COVID-19 patients. It bridges the gap between the pulmonary-centric focus of the virus and the broader multi-organ implications, thereby empowering healthcare professionals in their comprehensive care approach.
Efficacy of Hepatitis B Vaccination Procedures in Infants and Children Born from HBsAg-positive Mothers in Iran: A Case Study of Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran
Authors: Ahmadi Reza , Aghcheli Bahman , Hosseinpour Ali Mohammad , Niroumand Shabnam , Mohammadi Zeinolabedin , Afsharsafavi Nafiseh , Ghorbani Saied
Published: December 2023

Background: Viral infections have been a major public health concern in recent years. Viral hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the serious healthcare system issues in Iran. Family transmission of HBV in pregnant women is a major cause of the high prevalence of HBV infection in neonates and related persons. The expanded program on immunization (EPI) was the main way to prevent this infection. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccine in infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers in Khorasan Razavi province. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 53 HBsAg-positive women between March 2017 and April 2019 in Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to conduct screenings for HBsAg in children. Risk factors for HBV infection were investigated using medical records and structured questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of HBsAg positivity was 1.2% (1/83) among children aged 1-3 years old. All children received three doses of HBV vaccine according to the HBV immunization program. The positive hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) test among children under study was 80.7% (n=67). Conclusion: The results indicated a low prevalence of hepatitis B infection among infants and children born to HBsAg-positive mothers (1.2); however, protective anti-HBs levels were reported in 80.7% (<95%) of the children. It appears that the efficiency level of the hepatitis B vaccination procedure was not sufficient in this study. Overall, revaccination is recommended for children who are anti-HBs-negative or not protected.
The correlation of conventional and advanced MRI findings with cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Asadollahzadeh Elnaz , Ghadiri Fereshteh , Ebadi Zahra , Naser Moghadasi Abdorreza
Published: December 2023

There are limited data on the possible association between conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and cognitive function in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the correlation between MRI-derived metrics and cognitive tests in patients with MS. An electronic literature search of the PubMed, Web of Sciences, Embase, and Scopus databases was performed to identify related studies. The correlation coefficients of the MRI indices and cognitive tests were pooled. Thirteen studies were selected for inclusion of 824 patients diagnosed with MS. Most evaluated patients (60.44%) had relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT-3), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test (BVMT), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) were inversely correlated with the mean diffusivity (MD) of the brain with pooled correlation coefficient of -0.225, -0.361, and -0.438, respectively (P<0.0001). The SDMT test positively correlated with fractional anisotropy (FA) with a correlation coefficient of 0.351 (P<0.0001) and inversely correlated with T2 lesion volume with a correlation coefficient of -0.367 (P<0.0001). In the case of other tests, there was low number of studies with significant correlations being reported. We found significant correlations between some neuropsychological tests and MRI findings in patients with MS. Brain atrophy might disrupt the process of correct registration between anatomical and MRI diffusion scans. However, we did not have enough studies with exactly matched anatomical areas to evaluate correlations and we recommend that histological validation of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings for brain atrophy is needed as a basis for picture processing procedures and correlation with cognition status.
A mathematical analysis of dialysis report and kidney function tests; a case study
Authors: Barhoi Amir
Published: December 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are need to do kidney functioning tests in a regular interval due to this time money as well as energy are affected. This study determines the difference of standard deviation of the patient’s weight, systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic BP pre- and post-dialysis and observe the changes that takes place in the patients’ health. Moreover, as the kidney functioning tests are time consuming and expensive, therefore in order to save time and money we want to give a mathematical solution for the benefit of mankind. The data of the CKD patients has been collected from medical college and hospital, Assam. The data collection was done randomly selecting 5 CKD patients and the data comprises of the body weight, BP of the patient pre dialysis and post dialysis. Analysis the data with some statistical tools (standard deviation, σ) and interpret the result. The difference of standard deviation of the patient’s weight, BP of systolic and diastolic are measure pre and post dialysis, it is found either the patient is approaching towards good health or not.
Evaluation of risk factors affecting the lifespan and efficiency of dialysis accesses installed in dialysis patients referees to Ahvaz therapeutic centers in a two-year cohort study
Authors: Bighamian Afshin , Nazari Iraj , Mousavi Seyed Masood , Minaee Hossain
Published: December 2023

Introduction: It is crucial in order to provide optimal hemodialysis to patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to establish venous access with the least amount of complications. Objectives: In this study, we examined the risk factors that affect the efficiency and longevity of dialysis access for patients receiving dialysis in Ahvaz medical centers. Patients and Methods: In our retrospective study, 180 hemodialysis patients were referred to the Golestan educational and medical center in Ahvaz, Iran. An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or catheter was conducted to provide them with vascular access. Detailed demographic information about the patient was collected, including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), cause of ESRD, duration of renal failure, duration of dialysis, and comorbidities. There were instances of access inefficiency as a result of infection, stenosis, closure, thrombosis, bleeding, and pseudoaneurysms. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, t test, and chi-square tests with SPSS version 22. Statistics were considered significant at a P value of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.08 ± 12.213 years, and the mean BMI was 27.90 ± 9.112 kg/m2 . Among dialysis patients, there was a significant relationship between male gender, clopidogrel administration, diabetes history, hypertension and access failure. It is estimated that 36.7% of vascular access failures are caused by thrombosis, while 32.8% are due to access stenosis or closure. Conclusion: Our study showed that male gender, clopidogrel administration, and a history of diabetes and hypertension were risk factors affecting dialysis access quality and efficiency. According to our study, it may be possible to develop a more appropriate approach for determining the type and location of dialysis access.
Nephrotoxicity of checkpoint inhibitors; a current challenge
Authors: Zandifar Samaneh , Imankhan Mahshid , Daneii Padideh , Azarpey Ali , Alem Leila
Published: December 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors work by blocking the "checkpoint" mechanism that tumors use to hide from the immune system, therefore also weakening the immune system. Consequently, checkpoint inhibitors can cause autoimmune reactions, resulting in adverse effects. Prompt identification and management of adverse effects are critical for patients under checkpoint inhibitor therapy due to the potential severity and unpredictability of these immune-related adverse events.
Should a forgotten guidewire be removed after years? An undesirable complication of hemodialysis catheter wire left in the body
Authors: Hekmat Manouchehr , Ghaderi Hamid , Ansari Aval Zahra , Mirjafari Seyedeh Adeleh , Tirdad Roshanak
Published: December 2023

Today, one of the most common methods used in the emergency room or intensive care unit (ICU) in patients is the Seldinger technique to access the central venous system, shunting for hemodialysis, intra-aortic balloon pump, or arterial insertion. Accidental leaving of the guide wire is an uncommon but important complication that can occur as a result of an incorrect technique, and it is sometimes found accidentally or due to complications years after the procedure. The case is a 53-year-old patient who underwent aortic valve replacement with a mechanical valve and mitral valve repair with a ring 12 years ago and was treated with warfarin. Two years after the heart surgery, due to chronic renal failure, the patient underwent dialysis, and after the preparation of an arteriovenous fistula, he underwent stenting. After approximately ten years, the patient developed fever, chills, and shortness of breath. During the examination, endocarditis was diagnosed, and a part of the aortic valve was released. There was a severe paravalvular leak in the aortic valve, and an abscess was formed in the aorta root. We also noticed a forgotten guide wire in the superior vena cava, right atrium, inferior vena cava, and hepatic vein, and echogenic masses were located on the guidewire. The diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, chest x-ray, and phenocopy. After antibiotic therapy, the patients underwent heart surgery, aortic valve replacement, and aortic root repair, and the guidewire was removed (70 cm long). Unfortunately, despite all measures, the patient died a few days after the surgery. Due to complications, a forgotten guidewire should be removed immediately after diagnosis. The preferred intervention is the removal of the guidewire by endovascular interventions, but surgical treatment should also be considered in some cases.
The association between metformin administration and non-Hodgkin lymphoma; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies
Authors: Ataei Elnaz , Bagheri Shahzadeh Aliakbari Razieh , Asgari Navid , Zaman Samghabadi Nasim , Salati Sina , Abbasian Sara , Akbari Mohammad , Gharebakhshi Farshad , Ghorbani Doshantapeh Anna
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Metformin, a blood sugar-lowering agent, has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent. However, its role in lymphoma remains uncertain. Objectives: This study sought to examine the correlation between the utilization of metformin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma through the application of a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology. Materials and Methods: This investigation was carried out in the form of a methodical examination and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and the Google Scholar search engine were thoroughly explored without any temporal limitations until September 20, 2023. The data was analyzed utilizing the STATA 14 software, and the level of significance for the tests was established at P<0.05. Results: The results, obtained by combining six observational studies (five cohort studies and one case-control study) with a total sample size of 2 330 787 individuals, showed that the odds ratio (OR) for the association between metformin use and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in all studies was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07). In cohort studies, the OR was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.11), and in the case-control study, it was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.10). None of these relationships were statistically significant. The odds ratio between metformin uses and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.21), and the odds ratio between metformin use and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.83), both of which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This investigation’s findings indicated no statistically noteworthy correlation exists between the utilization of metformin and the probability of contracting non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Registration: This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023469100) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1721) websites.
Musculoskeletal disorders in hemodialysis patients: prevalence, clinical symptoms, and associated factors
Authors: Ranaei Hanie , Raeesi Vajehallah , Salmani Fatemeh , Khojasteh-Kaffash Soroush , Saremi Zeinab
Published: December 2023

Introduction: One of the major public health problems is end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is commonly associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Objectives: Due to the importance of MSDs in hemodialysis patients and the absence of sufficient studies in Iran, this study aims to investigate MSDs in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 patients with ESRD, who were under hemodialysis at the special diseases center of Birjand university of medical sciences, south Khorasan, Iran. Inclusion criteria were history of at least 2 years of hemodialysis, and age more than 18 years. All patients with previous neurological disorders, previous rheumatic diseases, previous arthroplasty of the limbs, and severe psychological disorders were excluded from the study. Baseline characteristics and laboratory data collected. MSDs examined based on the Nordic Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire (NMQ). Data were described using central tendency, CHI-SQUARE test, and Fisher’s exact test were used. The significance level in this study was P<0.05. Results: Seventy-five patients participated (Mean and standard deviation (SD) of age: 62.13±1.73 years, male to female ratio: 1.14). Sixty-three patients (84.0%) had MSDs. There was no significant difference based on age, dialysis vintage, gender, laboratory tests, and comorbidities (P>0.05). Dialysis etiology, knee osteoarthritis, shins pain, knee pain and knee range of motion had significantly difference between groups (respectively, P=0.047, P=0.003, P=0.012, P=0.001, P=0.002). Conclusion: The frequency of MSDs in these patients was 84.0%. There was a significant association between MSDs with the cause of hemodialysis, lower limb pain, and knee osteoarthritis.
Administration of N-acetylcysteine for contrast-induced acute kidney injury; an updated mini-review
Authors: Mirfendereski Sam , Taghipour Mahboobe , Yadollahi Farshad , Taghavinejad Hadi , Ahmadnia Mahdieh
Published: December 2023

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a potential complication of medical imaging procedures that use contrast media. It is important to identify and manage risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy and to monitor patients for signs of renal damage after contrast administration. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent CI-AKI through multiple mechanisms of action, including reducing oxidative stress, improving renal hemodynamics, reducing inflammation, reducing apoptosis and fibrosis, reducing oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, reducing tubular cell injury, and reducing renal tubular cell apoptosis. However, the exact mechanisms of action may vary based on the specific study or context. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular mechanisms of NAC in preventing CI-AKI.
Predicting research self-efficacy through spiritual intelligence and academic stress in medical students
Authors: Hosseinabadi Parastoo , Asgari Parviz , Bakhtiarpour Saeed
Published: December 2023

Background: Research competence and self-efficacy are crucial skills for medical students, as they significantly enhance their involvement in research activities. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and academic stress with research selfefficacy in medical students in Ilam. Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study included all medical students of higher education in Ilam (Iran) in 2022. The convenience sampling method was employed to select 301 students as the research sample, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used with stepwise regression for data analysis. The research instruments included the Research Self-Efficacy Scale, Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, and Academic Stress Inventory (ASI). Results: The results indicated a significant positive correlation between spiritual intelligence and research self-efficacy, whereas there was a negative significant relationship between academic stress and research self-efficacy (P<0.001). Moreover, spiritual intelligence and academic stress explained 18% of the variance in research self-efficacy of students; however, spiritual intelligence contributed more to research self-efficacy. Conclusion: Given the research results and the pivotal role of students in the future development of every country, it is possible to perceive and believe in their competence in light of a powerful factor such as spirituality.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN POLAND AND THE WORLD
Authors: Śmietanka Tomasz
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify and evaluate selected municipal government activities in environmental management for climate protection and to formulate recommendations for municipalities in this regard. The research methods used are: a literature review, and a quantitative analysis of CSO data on 13 specific indicators of municipalities (counties) on: climate change, air and groundwater protection, land use, biodiversity and waste management and qualitative analysis. The research examines the results of environmental management in municipalities in different parts of the world and on the territory of Polish municipalities (districts) of varying wealth. A comparative analysis of the management activity of municipalities (counties) in three groups of Polish local governments: the most wealthy, medium wealthy and least wealthy has been carried out. The study shows a higher intensity of pro-environmental activities among the more prosperous municipalities. The available CSO data are also insufficient to comprehensively assess the multi-faceted activity of municipalities in environmental management. The current priorities of local authorities and the natural conditions of the municipality due to its location are also important. It is recommended to increase the activity of municipal authorities, especially less wealthy ones, in environmental management, and to increase the activity of all municipalities in the legal protection of environmentally valuable areas and in the creation of biodiversity.
AA7475-T7351 ve AA2219-T851 Alaşımlarının Frezelenmesinde Kesici Takım Kaplamalarının ve Kesme Parametrelerinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Üzerine Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: İrizalp Simge , Karaoğlu Handenur , Erçayhan Yiğit , Akgün Selda
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada AA 2219-T851 ve AA 7475-T7351 alaşımlarının frezelenmesinde kesme hızı (500, 600, 700m/dk), ilerleme miktarı (0,1 ve 0,15 mm/diş) ve talaş derinliği (1 ve 8 mm) değişkenleri kullanılmış ve kaplamasız tungsten karbür (WC) kesici uç ve zirkanyum nitrür (ZrN) kaplamalı kesici uç kullanılarak kesme parametrelerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Deneyler sonucunda en ideal yüzey kalitesinin elde edildiği kesme hızı, ilerleme miktarı, talaş derinliği ve kesici uç belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, iki farklı mekanik dayanıma sahip alüminyum alaşımının yüzey sonuçları karşılaştırılıp optimum işleme değerleri bulunmuştur. En düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü 700 mm/dk kesme hızı, 0,1 mm/diş ve 1 mm ilerleme miktarı parametrelerinde elde edilmiş ve ilerleme hızı arttıkça yüzey kalitesinin artmasının yanında ZrN kaplamalı kesici uç kullanılması ile daha iyi yüzey özelliklerine ulaşılmıştır.