bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disrupting school spaces to enhance mathematics teaching and learning
Authors: Jojo Zingiswa , Madikizela-Madiya Nomanesi
Published: March 2022

This paper is based on an argument that the disruption of school spaces can demerit the myth that Mathematics is difficult and a struggle for learners in some contexts. Combining spatial theories and the phenomenon of disruption, the paper reports from a qualitative research project that analyzed the dynamics of space and place in South African schools. From a sample of two secondary schools and three primary schools in Tshwane South, the paper reports on the data from one school where the theme of disruption of school spaces for the teaching of mathematics was drawn. Two Mathematics teachers and one Head of Department (HoD) were interviewed in the school and one classroom was observed. The findings indicate that the disruption of school spaces leads to collaboration across post levels in terms of teaching, management, and personal professional development. Such collaboration disrupts the representations of space and improves teachers’ spatial practices and a potential for better learning. The paper concludes by recommending research that will explore the applicability of the conclusions it makes to the enhancement of Mathematics learners’ results.
Динамик удирдлагатай гэрэл үүсгэгч ашиглан өндөр нягтшилтай Цэгэн гэрэл үүсгэгч дэлгэцийн алдааг засах нь
Authors: Ганбат Б. , Чойжамц Н. , Номин-Эрдэнэ Д.
Published: March 2022

Цэгэн гэрэл үүсгэгч (ЦГҮ) дэлгэцэд нэмэлт гэрэл үүсгэгчдийг байрлуулан ЦГҮ-ийн тоог нэмэгдүүлж хоо-рондын зайг багасгаснаар ЦГҮ дэлгэцийн нягтшилыг сайжруулах боломжтой боловч линзийн гажгаасшалтгаалан ЦГҮ нь өөр өөр зайд үүсдэг. Үүнээс шалтгаалаад гажилттай гурван хэмжээст (3D) дүрсийгүүсгэдэг. Гурван хэмжээст дүрсийн гажгийг засахын тулд гэрэл үүсгэгчдийн хоорондын зайг өөрчлөхшаардлага тулгардаг. Тооцоолсноос өөр зайд ЦГҮ үүсдэгээс хоорондын зай жигд биш болдог. Иймд хоо-рондын зайг засахын тулд нэмэлт гэрэл үүсгэгч болох Light Emitting Diode (LED)-ийн хоорондын зайгөөрчилдөг. Нэмэлт гэрэл үүсгэгчийн хоорондын зайг туршилтын үр дүнгээр олдог тул өөрчлөх бүрдээшинэ хавтан идүүлэх, засаж шинээр гагнадаг нь дэлгэцийн технологийн хувьд өртөг өндөртэй ашиглахболомжгүй шийдэл болдог дутагдалтай. Бидний дэвшүүлж буй арга нь ЦГҮ дэлгэцийн гэрэл үүсгэг-чээр динамик удирдлагатай гэрэл үүсгэгчийг Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) дээр хэрэгжүүлэн ашигласан.Нэмэлт гэрэл үүсгэгчүүдийг LCD ашиглан хэрэгжүүлснээр гэрэл үүсгэгчдийн хэмжээ, тоо, хоорондынзайг дурын хэмжээнд өөрчлөх боломжтой болсон бөгөөд өндөр нягтшилтай ЦГҮ дэлгэцийн үүсгэсэн 3Dдүрсийн алдааг зассан.
Agnete Muusfeldt - skjult i samlingen
Authors: Lund Tina
Published: March 2022

Kulturarv. En henvendelse til samlingen af originale have- og landskabstegninger på KUB Frederiksberg kaster lys på en af de mange glemte kvinder i dansk akademisk historie. Forskningsprojektet ”Kvinder i dansk arkitektur 1925-75” synliggør disse ufortalte historier.
Ensaios Sobre o Isolamento: propostas de atividades síncronas e assíncronas para o teatro pandêmico
Authors: Bellotto Lisandro Bellotto
Published: March 2022

Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de práticas artísticas experimentadas por estudantes do curso de artes cênicas, em ambiente remoto. As atividades emergiram no panorama causado pela pandemia de COVID-19 e mostram processos de interação criativa à distância. São descritos exercícios individuais e jogos coletivos que propõem acionar a expressividade e o corpo dos praticantes, aproximando a linguagem teatral dos ecrãs dos computadores, tablets e smartphones. Em termos teóricos, resgata-se a gênese das práticas teatrais mediadas pelos dispositivos tecnológicos, assim como aspectos da linguagem audiovisual, a fim de avançar na reflexão sobre o fazer teatral impulsionado pelas mídias digitais.
O Artista Como Portador da Sombra: o olhar voltado para a experiência com o Teatro de Sombras
Authors: Kupstaitis Bethielle Amaral
Published: March 2022

O texto a seguir toma como ponto de partida a experiência com o teatro de sombras, inicialmente mediada pelo exemplo da artista Lourdes Castro, que enriqueceu sua poética investindo nas artes visuais e no teatro de sombras, e empreendeu contaminações promissoras entre as linguagens. A partir da descrição de uma cena criada no teatro de sombras, evidencia-se a condução do olhar voltado para pensar a definição de artista como portador da sombra. Ideia lançada pelo artista Marcel Duchamp em outro contexto, décadas atrás, bem como o infra-mince, que neste texto, ajuda a compreender o fazer em cena.
PEMANFAATAN VIDEO ANIMASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYIMAK DAN BERBICARA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Habibah Ibah , Nafiqoh Heni
Published: March 2022

Language skills in children should be stimulated and developed from an early age. Part of the language skills that must be possessed by children is the ability of children to listen and speak. The ability to listen to children serves to understand and develop knowledge in the future while the ability to speak serves to express what is in the mind and to communicate. There are so many ways to stimulate children's language skills to develop, including by utilizing animated videos as learning media that are tailored to the ongoing learning theme. Thus, children will feel more interested and can learn in a fun way without feeling bored with learning techniques that only use textbooks and assignments. This research was conducted at RA NURUL IKHWAN BANDUNG, on 12 children in group B using the results of observations and interviews as data collection techniques and made qualitative descriptive as a research method. The results of this study are an increase in language skills after using animated videos as learning media.Kemampuan bahasa pada anak sejatinya harus dirangsang dan dikembangkan sejak anak usia dini. Bagian dari kemampuan bahasa yang harus dimiliki oleh anak adalah kemampuan anak dalam menyimak dan berbicara. Kemampuan menyimak anak berfungsi untuk memahami dan mengembangkan pengetahuan dimasa yang akan datang sedangkan kemampuan berbicara berfungsi untuk mengungkapkan yang ada dalam pikiran dan untuk berkomunikasi. Begitu banyak cara yang dilakukan agar merangsang kemampuan bahasa anak berkembang, diantaranya dengan memanfaatkan video animasi sebagai media pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan tema pembelajaran yang sedang berlangsung. Dengan demikian anak akan merasa lebih tertarik dan dapat belajar dengan cara yang menyenangkan tanpa merasa bosan dengan teknik pembelajaran yang hanya menggunakan buku paket dan pemberian tugas. Penelitian ini di lakukan di RA NURUL IKHWAN  BANDUNG, pada 12 orang anak pada kelompok B dengan menggunakan hasil observasi dan wawancara sebagai teknik pengumpulan data serta menjadikan deskriptif kualitatif sebagai metode penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu adanya peningkatan kemampuan bahasa setelah menggunakan video animasi sebagai media pembelajaran.
MENUMBUHKAN JIWA ENTREPRENEURSHIP MELALUI KEGIATAN IBU DAN ANAK DI PAUD AZZAHRA INSAN KAMIL
Authors: Suharjono Jono , Rohmalina Rohmalina
Published: March 2022

This research was conducted and the background of the lack of stimulation in cultivating the entrepreneurial spirit of children from an early age is still difficult for group B students to do which requires guidance and participation of parents, especially a mother in the implementation process. In PAUD Insan Kamil the learning method is still monotonous, therefore the researcher aims to carry out activities for children and mothers in increasing the entrepreneurial spirit through role-playing activities as traders. This study aims to foster the entrepreneurial spirit of children through mother and child activities by playing the role of traders in schools. This research was conducted at the Azzahra Insan Kamil PAUD in group B. The subjects in this study were 10 children consisting of 7 boys and 3 girls. The methodology in this study uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation and data analysis using data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, simple activities carried out by mothers and children with role-playing activities as traders can foster an entrepreneurial spirit in children.Penelitian ini  dilakukan  dan dilatarbelakangi kurangnya stimulasi dalam menumbuhkan jiwa entrepeneurship anak sejak usia dini, secara nyata masih  sulit dilakukan oleh anak didik kelompok B yang mana perlu bimbingan dan peran serta orang tua khususnya seorang ibu dalam proses pelaksanaannya. Di PAUD Insan Kamil dalam metode pembelajaran masih monoton maka dari itu peneliti bertujuan untuk melakukan kegiatan anak dan ibu dalam meningkatkan jiwa entrepreunership melalui kegiatan bermain peran sebagai pedagang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan jiwa entrepreuneurship anak melalui kegiatan ibu dan anak dengan bermain peran sebagai pedagang yang dilakukan di sekolah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PAUD Azzahra Insan Kamil pada kelompok B. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 10 anak yang terdiri dari 7 anak laki-laki dan  3 anak perempuan. Metodologi pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dan analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan kegiatan sederhana yang dilakukan oleh ibu dan anak dengan kegiatan bermain peran menjadi pedagang dapat menumbuhkan jiwa entrepreuneurship pada anak.
PEMBELAJARAN DARING DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN FUN COOKING KELOMPOK B TK PARIPURNA 3 CIMAHI
Authors: Pertiwi Ria Martina , Nurunnisa Rita
Published: March 2022

The research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of language skills in children. In learning activities, educators do not develop language skills, this can be seen from conventional learning by only using the blackboard at school. The process of learning activities does not look child-centered but looks teacher-centered, for that researchers suggest that every teacher carry out learning activities using media so that learning will feel alive and fun for children. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method with research subjects in group A children of TKQ Madinatul Islam. Data collection techniques: observation, interviews and documentation, data analysis: data reduction, data display, and data verification/conclusion. Learning activities using flannel board media were carried out, based on data analysis at first the children had a little difficulty in using the media but when the teacher gave directions, guidance, and rules for playing the flannel board media, the children became more proficient and looked engrossed in playing the flannel board media, it can be seen when they play letters, say letters, string letters into their names, even with the flannel board media, children can imitate and write their names in their books. The conclusion is that improving language skills in children can be done using flannel board media.Dikarenakan adanya wabah penyakit Covid-19, pemberian stimulasi perkembangan untuk perkembangan kognitif, bahasa, fisik motorik, sosial emosional, agama dan moral serta seni harus dilakukan di rumah masing-masing peserta didik. Aspek perkembangan kognitif adalah aspek utama yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan aspek yang lain. Melihat kenyataan di lapangan bahwa begitu beragamnya permasalahan mengenai perkembangan kognitif sesuai dengan variabel anak usia dini apalagi dengan ditambah pembelajarannya dilakukan secara daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif anak dalam pembelajaran daring di TK Paripurna 3 Cimahi melalui kegiatan fun cooking. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelompok B, dengan jumlah anak 10 orang, 7 anak perempuan dan 3 anak laki-laki.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan terhadap perkembangan kognitif anak melalui kegiatan fun cookingpada saat pembelajaran daring.Teknikpengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti menggunakan teknikobservasi, perekaman,dan wawancara untuk memperjelashasil observasi pembelajaran online,danmeningkatkan perkembangan kognitif anak melalui kegiatan fun cookingkelompok B TK Paripurna 3 Cimahi. Analisis data yang digunakan telahmelalui tahapanreduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Melalui hasil penelitian, diperoleh informasi adanya peningkatan perkembangan kognitif anak dalam pembelajaran daring melalui kegiatan fun cookingterutama dalam berfikir logis.
EFEKTIFITAS MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PROSES MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA ANAK PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Yanti Mustika , Sumitra Agus , Wulansuci Ghina
Published: March 2022

This research is motivated by the presence of children who are rather difficult in speaking and the high level of learning difficulties of children during the pandemic at TK Permata Bunda. To improve the child's speaking process, one of them is by using audio-visual media. Therefore, this study aims to describe the scenario and implementation of the Effectiveness of Audio-Visual Media in the process of improving children's speaking skills. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the research subjects of group B children in Kindergarten Permata Bunda, which has 12 children. Collecting data using interview instruments, observation sheets, and documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and verification or concluding, this study showed that children's speaking skills developed very well after using audio-visual media in eight meetings. Audio-visual media is one of the tools that children are interested in in the learning process that is more fun during a pandemic like today so that children can speak fluently, children dare to express ideas to others, children dare to ask and answer questions, children dare to convey activities that have been done, and can compose sentences properly and correctly. These results indicate that audio-visual media can improve children's speech development.Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya anak yang agak sulit dalam berbicara dan tingginya tingkat kesulitan belajar anak selama pandemic di TK.Permata Bunda.Untuk meningkatkan proses berbicara anak, salah satunya dengan menggunakan media audio visual.Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan skenario dan implementasidariEfektifitas Media Audio Visual dalam proses meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian anak kelompok B di TK Permata Bunda yang berjumlah 12 orang anak.Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen wawancara, lembar observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis melalui reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi atau penarikan kesimpulan, penelitian ini menunjukan hasil bahwa kemampuan berbicara anak berkembang sangat baik setelah menggunakan media audio visual dalam delapan kali pertemuan. Media audio visual merupakan  salah satu alat yang diminati anak dalam proses pembelajaran yang lebih menyenangkan di masa pandemi seperti sekarang ini, sehingga anak dapat berbicara dengan lancar, anak berani mengemukakan Ide kepada orang lain, anak berani bertanya dan menjawab pertanyaan, anak berani menyampaikan kegiatan yang telah dilakukan, dan dapat menyusun kalimat dengan baik dan benar. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa media audio visual dapat meningkatkan perkembangan berbicara anak.
Red fish, blue fish, native fish, new fish: eDNA as a tool to monitor fish in estuarine systems
Authors: Watts Alison , Crane Laura , Garwood Jason , Goldstein Jason , Lamb Megan , Peter Christopher , Rii Yoshimi , Schooler Shon , Thomas Devin , Thomas William , Yednock Bree
Published: March 2022

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is emerging as a potentially powerful tool to
assess aquatic ecosystems, and to monitor fish assemblages. We conducted
a pilot eDNA water sampling program at 5 Reserves within the National
Estuarine Research Reserve System from temperate and tropical estuaries
to better understand how eDNA data can support detection of fish species
within an standardized monitoring network. Samples were collected in
coordination with an existing long term monitoring program, and the
sampling plan was designed to minimize additional work for field teams.
We found that results varied; in some estuaries the number and type of
fish species was consistent with expected occurrence, and eDNA analysis
detected fish that often eluded traditional sampling methods. In warm
turbid waters, however, we detected fewer species than expected,
suggesting that additional processing is required at these sites.
Managers interested in applying standardized eDNA monitoring across a
range of sites may want to consider a decision tree protocol, where a
baseline methodology is developed for all sites, enhanced by additional
laboratory or analysis steps when specific conditions are present.
Attribution analysis for evapotranspiration changes, using a two-source SW model
Authors: ZijingZhao * , GuoxiaoWei * , HongjuanLiu * , QianglongTian * , ZhongqiQiu * , Wang Fubing , ZeweiYang *
Published: March 2022

Attribution analysis of changes in evapotranspiration ( ET ) is
important for understanding the mechanisms that control ET ,
which is necessary for reliable modeling and predicting. In this study,
we combined eddy covariance methods with the Shuttleworth-Wallace (SW)
model to assess the relative contributions of climate and vegetation
variables to soil evaporation ( ) and plant transpiration ( ) for an
area of maize at Daman Station, and an area of grassland at Arou
Station. We quantitatively evaluated the contribution of different
potential drivers using partial-differential equations, and found that
the available energy at the soil surface and the saturation vapor
pressure deficit had the strongest influence on . Although less
significant that climate factors, vegetation factors, such as stomatal
conductance, had an important impact on for maize and grass. Our results
show that changes in the canopy resistance make the biggest contribution
to change. Our sensitivity analysis indicates that is most sensitive to
aerodynamic resistances from the soil surface to canopy height, and that
is most sensitive to surface resistance for the plant canopy, and less
sensitive to aerodynamic resistances from the leaf to canopy height. Our
study shows that changes in ET were influenced by complex
interactions between climate and vegetation variables, and the main
drivers for changes in ET were different in different months.
Teaching and Learning Ethnography in South-Εastern Europe: Making Sense of Cultural Difference in Familiar Contexts
Authors: Manos Ioannis
Published: March 2022

When teaching ethnography and discussing anthropology in Greek universities, instructors endeavor to make students familiar with the study of otherness and introduce them to alternative ways of understanding social phenomena. How can we demonstrate ethnography’s potential, not only as an effective means of studying diversity and perceiving social realities, but also as a way of making a living? Such a concern requires revisiting the teaching process in order to better appreciate anthropology’s discipline and its method. This paper reflects on teaching experiences in various academic and non-academic contexts. It also discusses the practices employed, the educational objectives set, and the challenges and dilemmas dealt with when teaching ethnography in a Greek/Southeast European academic context.
Literacy, Curriculum, and Pedagogies: Considerations for Anthropologists Teaching First-Year Composition
Authors: Spier Troy E. , Pytleski Patricia
Published: March 2022

Despite the fact that this article began as a formal response to Chattaraj (2020), it serves a larger purpose in contextualizing the first-year composition classroom and the training required to provide effective instruction to students across all academic fields. Although an anthropologically-minded approach to the teaching of writing can be quite beneficial, suggesting that an anthropologist can—or even should—assume the responsibilities of first-year composition without additional training is ill-advised. To this end, this article draws upon not only the prior literature on Composition/Rhetoric, but also on the place and benefits of writing in the anthropology classroom more generally. Because the initial publication (i.e. Chattaraj, 2020) relied strictly on personal anecdotal evidence for academic success in a particular classroom setting at a liberal arts university, the findings are not generalizable to most post-secondary institutions due to the institutional accreditation requirements for educators, the concerning statistics on the literacy rates of incoming undergraduate students, the general objectives of curricular pathways, and the remarkable consistency found in first-year composition courses. As a result, this response presents a transparent overview of the first-year composition classroom and offers concrete suggestions for anthropologists who endeavour to support writing across the curriculum and/or in the disciplines.
Effect of shear span-to-depth ratio on behavior of sandwich core steel girder with corrugated web
Authors: Abdullah Mazin D. , Muhaisin Muthana H. , Ammash Haider K.
Published: March 2022

Girders with corrugated steel web are preferred and widely used in recently constructed bridges and industrial buildings. Sandwich core girders with corrugated web are constructed by adding two plates (skins) to the corrugated web. This study aims to investigate the shear span-to-depth ratio impact on the performance of sandwich core steel girders with corrugated web. Three span-to-depth ratios (a/d): 1.0, 1.833 and 2.5, were examined. The test includes three girders with sandwich web thickness of 30 mm, three girders with 60 mm sandwich web thickness, and three girders with conventional flat webs. A total of nine simply supported steel girders subjected to a concentrated load were fabricated and tested up to failure. The responses of the examined girders are presented in term of the load deflection curves, the ultimate load, and the maximum displacement. Among the conclusions drawn in this study that girders with sandwich core thickness of 30 mm demonstrate higher ultimate load capacity than girders with sandwich core of 60 mm, the maximum difference in the ultimate load capacity was about 20% and can be seen at a/d equals to 1.0. The results also pointed out that the behavior of the beams was noticeably impacted by the shear span-to-depth ratio.
The sources and seasonal variations of the chemical components in the deposition samples in Kirklareli, Turkey
Authors: Oruc Ilker , Akkoyunlu Bulent , Erdogan Ilhan
Published: March 2022

This study was carried out in the central district of Kirklareli province in Turkey. It presents the chemical composition of three deposition types, namely wet, bulk and dry. In this study, 150 deposition samples (wet + bulk + dry) were collected for a year in the urban and suburban areas in the central district of Kirklareli. The concentrations of the main cations (Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, NH4 +) and main anions (SO4 2-, Cl-, NO3 -) in the collected deposition samples were determined. The seasonal variations of the concentrations of the major ions in the three deposition types were studied. The wet and dry deposition fluxes of major ions were calculated. Among the major ions, the ion with the highest annual mean flux values in the wet deposition is Ca2+ in the urban area, while it is Cl- in the suburban area. In the wet deposition, the annual mean flux values of Ca2+ in the urban area and Cl- in the suburban area were 65.40 and 38.09 mg m-2 h-1, respectively. The relationship between ion concentrations and acid deposition was also investigated and the sources of ions were determined. The arithmetic mean pH values of the samples in the urban and suburban areas were 6.39 and 6.14 in wet deposition, 6.75 and 6.41 in bulk deposition, and 7.36 and 6.56 in dry deposition, respectively. The backward trajectories arriving at the region during the study period were divided into two groups. In the first cyclone group, SO4 2- was to 97 % of anthropogenic origin in both the urban and suburban areas.
Multi-conductor transmission line with nonlinear impedances: Application to 50Hz studies
Authors: Lucca Giovanni
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an algorithm for the evaluation of currents and voltages
along a multi-conductor transmission line having non-linear impedances due
to the presence of ferromagnetic conductors; we assume that these impedances
are function of the current carried by the relevant conductor so that the
equivalent circuit modelling the line is non-linear and has to be solved by
means of an iterative procedure. The present paper can be considered as a
generalization of our previous works successfully applied to
single-conductor lines with earth return. Some examples of application to
typical 50-60 Hz interference studies between power/railway lines on
telecommunication cables and pipelines are shown.
Lung sound classification using wavelet transform and entropy to detect lung abnormality
Authors: Rizal Achmad , Puspitasari Attika
Published: March 2022

Lung sounds provide essential information about the health of the lungs and
respiratory tract. They have unique and distinguishable patterns associated
with the abnormalities in these organs. Many studies attempted to develop
various methods to classify lung sounds automatically. Wavelet transform is
one of the approaches widely utilized for physiological signal analysis.
Commonly, wavelet in feature extraction is used to break down the lung
sounds into several sub-bands before calculating some parameters. This study
used five lung sound classes obtained from various sources. Furthermore, the
wavelet analysis process was carried out using Discrete Wavelet Transform
(DWT) and Wavelet Package Decomposition (WPD) analysis and entropy
calculation as feature extraction. In the DWT process, the highest accuracy
obtained was 97.98% using Permutation Entropy (PE), Renyi Entropy (RE), and
Spectral Entropy (SEN). In WPD, the best accuracy achieved is 98.99 % when 8
sub-bands and RE are used. These results are relatively competitive compared
with previous studies using the wavelet method with the same datasets.
The SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Increases the Oxidation of Ingested Fatty Acids to Ketones in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Herring Roselle A. , Shojaee-Moradie Fariba , Stevenage Mary , Parsons Iain , Jackson Nicola , Mendis Jeewaka , Middleton Benita , Umpleby A. Margot , Fielding Barbara A. , Davies Melanie , Russell-Jones David L.
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the mechanism for increased ketogenesis following treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in people with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The design was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study with a 4-week washout period. Participants received dapagliflozin or placebo in random order for 4 weeks. After each treatment, they ingested 30 mL of olive oil containing [U-13C]palmitate to measure ketogenesis, with blood sampling for 480 min. Stable isotopes of glucose and glycerol were infused to measure glucose flux and lipolysis, respectively, at 450–480 min.

RESULTS

Glucose excretion rate was higher and peripheral glucose uptake lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Plasma β-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) concentrations and [13C2]BOHB concentrations were higher and glucose concentrations lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were higher with dapagliflozin at 300 and 420 min, but lipolysis at 450–480 min was not different. Triacylglycerol at all time points and endogenous glucose production rate at 450–480 min were not different between treatments.

CONCLUSIONS

The increase in ketone enrichment from the ingested palmitic acid tracer suggests that meal-derived fatty acids contribute to the increase in ketones during treatment with dapagliflozin. The increase in BOHB concentration with dapagliflozin occurred with only minimal changes in plasma NEFA concentration and no change in lipolysis. This finding suggests a metabolic switch to increase ketogenesis within the liver.
Using an Electronic Health Record and Deficit Accumulation to Pragmatically Identify Candidates for Optimal Prescribing in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Callahan Kathryn E. , Lenoir Kristin M. , Usoh Chinenye O. , Williamson Jeff D. , Brown LaShanda Y. , Moses Adam W. , Hinely Molly , Neuwirth Zeev , Pajewski Nicholas M.
Published: March 2022

Objective. Despite guidelines recommending less
stringent glycemic goals for older adults with type 2 diabetes, overtreatment
is prevalent. Pragmatic approaches for prioritizing patients for optimal prescribing
are lacking. We describe glycemic control and medication patterns for older
adults with type 2 diabetes in a contemporary cohort, exploring variability by
frailty status.

Research Design
and Methods. This was a cross-sectional
observational study based on electronic health record (EHR) data, within an accountable
care organization (ACO) affiliated with an academic medical center/health
system. Participants were ACO-enrolled adults with type 2 diabetes who were ≥65
years of age as of 1 November 2020. Frailty status was determined by an automated
EHR-based frailty index (eFI). Diabetes management was described by the most
recent A1C in the past 2 years and use of higher-risk medications (insulin
and/or sulfonylurea).

Results. Among 16,973 older adults with type 2
diabetes (mean age 75.2 years, 9,154 women [53.9%], 77.8% White), 9,134 (53.8%)
and 6,218 (36.6%) were classified as pre-frail (0.10 < eFI ≤ 0.21) or frail
(eFI >0.21), respectively. The median A1C level was 6.7% (50 mmol/mol) with
an interquartile range of 6.2–7.5%, and 74.1 and 38.3% of patients had an A1C
<7.5% (58mmol/mol) and <6.5% (48mmol/mol), respectively. Frailty status
was not associated with level of glycemic control (P = 0.08). A majority of frail patients had an A1C <7.5% (58mmol/mol)
(n = 4,544, 73.1%), and among these
patients, 1,755 (38.6%) were taking insulin and/or a sulfonylurea.

Conclusion. Treatment with insulin and/or a sulfonylurea
to an A1C levels <7.5% is common in frail older adults. Tools such as the eFI
may offer a scalable approach to targeting optimal prescribing interventions.
The SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Increases the Oxidation of Ingested Fatty Acids to Ketones in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Herring Roselle A , Shojaee-Moradie Fariba , Stevenage Mary , Parsons Iain , Jackson Nicola , Mendis Jeewaka , Middleton Benita , Umpleby A.Margot , Fielding Barbara A. , Davies Melanie , Russell-Jones David L
Published: March 2022

Objective.
To investigate the mechanism for increased ketogenesis following treatment with
SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin in people with type 2 diabetes.

Research,
Design & Methods. This was a double-blind placebo-controlled
crossover study with a 4-week washout period.
Participants received dapagliflozin or placebo in random order for 4 weeks.
After each treatment, they ingested 30ml of olive oil containing [U-13C]
palmitate to measure ketogenesis with blood
sampling for 480 min. Stable isotopes of glucose and glycerol were infused to
measure glucose flux and lipolysis respectively at 450-480 min.

Results. Glucose excretion rate was higher and
peripheral glucose uptake lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate
(BOHB) concentrations and [13C2]
BOHB concentrations were higher and
glucose concentrations lower with dapagliflozin than placebo. Non-esterified
fatty acids (NEFA) were higher with dapagliflozin at 300 and 420 min but lipolysis
at 450-480 min was not different. Triacylglycerol (TAG) at all time points and endogenous
glucose production rate at 450-480 min were not different between treatments.

Conclusions. The increase
in ketone enrichment from the ingested palmitic acid tracer suggests meal
derived fatty acids contribute to the increase in ketones during treatment with
dapagliflozin. The increase in BOHB concentration
with dapagliflozin, occurred with only minimal changes in plasma NEFA concentration
and no change in lipolysis. This suggests a metabolic switch to increase ketogenesis within the liver.
Measurement Properties of Aerobic Capacity Measures in Neuromuscular Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Veneman Tim , Koopman Fieke Sophia , Daams Joost , Nollet Frans , Voorn Eric Lukas
Published: March 2022

Objective: To systematically evaluate the measurement properties of aerobic capacity measures in neuromuscular diseases.Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, SportDiscus and Web of Science Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science were systematically searched from inception until 30 June 2021. Study selection and data extraction: Screening, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and quality assessment were performed by 2 independent researchers. Studies were included if they evaluated measurement properties of aerobic capacity measures in adults with neuromuscular diseases. Risk of bias was assessed using the COnsensus based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. Results were pooled and the quality of the evidence was determined using a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach.Data synthesis: Nine studies including 187 participants were included in this review. Low quality of evidence was found for sufficient content validity of peak oxygen consumption through maximal exercise testing. Criterion validity of 4 out of 7 different measures to predict peak oxygen consumption was sufficient; however, quality of evidence was low or very low for all measures. No studies were found evaluating reliability or responsiveness.Conclusion: There was a lack of high-quality studies with sufficiently large sample sizes that evaluated the measurement properties of aerobic capacity measures in neuromuscular diseases.
LAY ABSTRACTAerobic capacity (or cardiovascular endurance) is an important outcome measure in exercise intervention studies and pharmacological trials in neuromuscular diseases. To establish the effects of these interventions it is important to use outcome measures with good measurement properties. This means that outcome measures are accurate (valid), repeatable (reliable) and able to detect change over time (responsive). The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature regarding the measurement properties of aerobic capacity measures in neuromuscular diseases. Nine small studies (4–44 participants) reporting on the validity of 8 aerobic capacity measures were found. Five of these measures were judged as valid, but the quality of evidence was low. There were no studies evaluating reliability and responsiveness. Taken together, these results were considered insufficient to make recommendations. High-quality studies, with more participants and a focus on reliability and responsiveness, are required.
Adoption of Extended Theory of Planned Behavior to Halal Food Purchasing Decision Admist Pandemic
Authors: Hasyim Fuad
Published: March 2022

This study aims to see whether there has been a change in the pattern of consumption of halal food during a pandemic. This study used a sample of the Soloraya Residence with a random sampling distribution technique using an online questionnaire (G-form). The quantitative research method is carried out using the Extended TPB approach, and processed with the Structural Equation Modeling Technique. The results show that all constructs namely attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, religiosity and descriptive norms affect the purchase intention of halal food and the decision to buy halal food. By using a pandemic condition as a dummy variable, the results obtained are differences in decision making to buy halal food before and during a pandemic. This means that there is a pattern of changes in people's consumption that tends to choose halal food, even though the changes are small.
COLLOCATIONS OF DISCOURSE MARKER I MEAN IN BRITISH NATIONAL CORPUS
Authors: Mutiara Rika , Aini Safi
Published: March 2022

The study aims at exploring functions, meaning, and pragmatic effects of co-occurrences of I mean and conjunctions in British National Corpus. The study applied some principles of a corpus study. I mean collocates with 5 conjunctions namely because, but, coz, when, and if. The collocations function to make the ideas clear in order to make the hearers understand them easily and avoid misunderstanding. They, moreover, are used when the speakers give corrections. They are uttered to emphasize arguments and give information as detailed as possible. These collocations in discourse make the hearers aware of information given and finally they pay special attention to the message.
Organizational Commitment: It’s Mediating Role in the Effect of Human Resource Management Practices and Workplace Spirituality on Employee Performance
Authors: Labetubun Mario Roberto , Dewi I Gusti Ayu Manuati
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of human resource management practices and workplace spirituality on employee performance and the role of organizational commitment as mediating variable in such relationships. The samples used in this study are 93 marketing and frontliner officers at Bank Rakyat Indonesia, determined by random sampling method. Questionnairs are used as data collection method. This research uses Partial Least Square analysis technique. The results show that human resource management practices, workplace spirituality, organizational commitment has a positive effect on employee performance. Additionally, human resource management practices and workplace spirituality have positive effects on organizational commitment. The findings also show that organizational commitment as partially mediated on the effect of human resource management practices and workplace spirituality on employee performance. The implications of this study are employees will perform well if they have a loyal nature to fully devote their abilities, maintain membership and have pride in the organization where they work.  Human resource management practice is very important to be implemented by an organization and is designed in such a way that it can capture quality potential from the internal and external environment, train and develop, evaluate work results and reward for the sacrifices made so as to have a positive effect on employee contributions in the organization. Workplace spirituality is also very important for organizations to pay attention to. The Bank is expected to provide perceptions to employees through the values contained in workplace spirituality so that employees feel togetherness, positive values in the organization, positive values for society, feel happy and the value of employee spirituality.
EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF BAUHINIA VARIEGATA LINN METHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT ON PHERETIMA POSTHUMA
Authors:   Institute of professional studies, college of pharmacy, Gwalior, Madhya pradesh-474001 India, JAIN A ,   Institute of professional studies, college of pharmacy, Gwalior, Madhya pradesh-474001 India
Published: March 2022

Methanolic extracts from roots of Bauhinia variegata linn were investigated for their anthelmintic activity by using three concentrations (10, 25, & 50mg/ml) as test worms. Results were expressed in terms of time of paralysis and time of death of worms and the activity was compared with albendazole as reference standard & Normal saline served as control. Dose dependent decreased paralyzing time and death time was observed. The results of present study indicated that crude methanolic root extract significantly demonstrated paralysis and also caused death of worms especially at higher concentration of (50 mg/ml), Bauhinia variegata showed the best anthelmintic activity. The use of the roots as anthelmintic has been established and further studies are recommended to isolate the active principles answerable for the activity. KEYWORDS: Anthelmintic activity, Pheretima Posthuma, Bauhinia variegata linn
FORMULATION AND EVALUATON OF FLOATING TABLET OF CEFPODOXIME PROXETIL
Authors:   Sun Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lahar, SINGH RAVINDRA , KUMAR SUNIL ,   Sun Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lahar, KONDALKAR AVINASH K ,   Sun Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lahar, LAL MURAREE ,   Sun Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lahar
Published: March 2022

Ideal once daily floating drug delivery system should release the drug for 24 hours and float up to 24 hrs. Once daily floating matrix tablet of Cefpodoxime proxetil should be release the drug for 24 hours to maintain the effective plasma level. All the formulations were prepared by using two different grades of HPMC (K100 and K4), cross povidone and MCC pH 101. HPMC is a matrix forming agent. All the formulations showed buoyancy lag time of less than 5 seconds regardless of concentration of HPMC K100 M, K4 and cross povidone. It may be due to the low density of tablet. The swelling index of HPMC K100 M was found to be higher than that of HPMC K4 M. This may be due to high molecular weight and high viscosity of HPMC K100 M. The formulation F1 containing low level of HPMC K100 M (75 mg) and low level of cross povidone (75 mg) showed higher burst release and maintained drug release up to 24 hours. The tablet was remained floated for 24 hours. High level of HPMC K100 M (F2, F3, F5,F6,) results in greater amount of gel being formed. This gel increases diffusion path length of the drug and hence release rate decreases. On the same line it formulation F5 and F8 should show relatively less drug release as high level of HPMC K100 M(100 mg & 125 mg respectively) is used in these formulations. But both the formulations released more than 97% drug within 24 hours. the formulations F10,F13,F14,F16,F17 released the drug within 20 hours. The formulation F11 which contains high amount of HPMC K4 M than F10 (100mg) and low level of cross povidone (75 mg) shows drug release up to 24 hours with sufficient floating duration. The formulation F15 and F18 contains high level of HPMC K4 M (125mg) and high level of cross povidone (100mg and 125mg) respectively. Both the formulations showed sustained drug release up to 24 hrs. EYWORDS: formulation, floating tablet, cefpodoxime proxetil
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EMULGEL OF CEPHALEXIN TO ENHANCE TOPICAL DELIVERY
Authors:   Institute of Professional Studies, College of Pharmacy, Gwalior (M P), SHAKYA LOKESH , CHAUHAN PRADEEP ,   Institute of Professional Studies, College of Pharmacy, Gwalior (M P), TYAGI BHARAT KUMAR ,   Institute of Professional Studies, College of Pharmacy, Gwalior (M P)
Published: March 2022

Emulgel dosage formulation of cephalexin which has enhanced solubility release and bioavailability properties with less inter and intra - subject variability would be desirable. Thus, it was aimed to formulate and evaluate emulgels ofthe cephalexin. By the preformulation studies it is observed that cephalexin is a white to off white amorphous powder having no odor and characterstic taste. Five different type formulations (E-1 to E-5) formed using oil phase having fixed amount of Capric/caprylic Triglyceride (CT) and different ration of Cetyl Palmitate (CP) and fixed quantity of oil soluble emulsifiers Cetyl dimethicone copolyol (CDC) and Sorbitan stearate (Span 60) with Aqueous Phase contain Purified water at pH 6.8. Then observed visually that all formulations were clear, there was no phase separation and Stable during Thermo dynamic changes, heating cooling cycle and centrifugation stressed test. Characterization of all cephalexin emulsion formulations were evaluated for Droplet size, Zeta potential and Poly Dispersity Index (PDI) and % drug content, all emulgels showed excellent results droplet size was found between 1.12 to1.97 µm. All five cephalexin emulgel formulations were odorless, washable, homogeneous, stable and free from grittiness and was evaluated under the various parameters, pH of all formulations were observed at 6.8 and viscosity between 40.23 to 76.38 centi Poise and spreaability between 4.326 to 5.341 gm.cm/sec. In-vitro Drug Release of Cephalexin emulgel formulations were studied and found EG-1 (64.75), EG-2 (68.37), EG-3 (51.32), EG-4 (90.32) and EG-5(94.89). Emulgel formulations EG-4 and EG-5 were found excellent on the basis of cumulative percentage of drug release profile. Release data of both selected formulations was fitted into kinetic models. Drug release data were fitted into the zero order, first order, Higuchi and Peppas-Korsemeyer model of drug release kinetics. Emulgel EG-4 and EG-5 both were followed Zero Order Kinetics explained as continuous and steady release of Cephalexin from the formulation. All five formulations were also tested for stability and found formulation EG-3, EG-4 and EG-5 were stable after 30 days against color change, creaming, creaking and phase separation. KEYWORDS: Emulgel, Cephalexin, Topical delivery, Cetyl dimethicone copolyol, Cetyl Palmitate
FORMULATION, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFECTIVE NIOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors:   Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India, MUSHEER NIDA , GUPTA VIVEK ,   Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published: March 2022

In the present study, gliclazide-loaded niosomes are formulated and evaluated for their in vitro as well as in vivo characteristic in an attempt to improve the oral bioavailability of the drug. Formulation of niosomes was optimized for highest percentage of drug entrapment. Microscopic observation confirmed that all particles were uniform in size and shape. The entrapment efficiency was determined by separating the unentrapped drug using dialysis. The in vitro release studies of drug from niosomes exhibited a prolonged drug release as observed over a period of 24 h. The positive values of zeta potential indicated that the gliclazide niosomes were stabilized by electrostatic repulsive forces. Results from stability study have shown that the drug leakage from the vesicles was least at 4ºC followed by 25 and 37ºC. The niosomes showing maximum entrapment and suitable release rate were selected for in vivo evaluation. In conclusion, the niosomal formulation could be a promising delivery system for gliclazide with improved bioavailability and prolonged drug release profile. KEYWORDS: Heme Oxygenase Inhibitor, HO-1, 2D QSAR, 3D QSAR, kNN-MFA