bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Liquid-liquid extraction of Nd+3 and Eu+3 from aqueous medium using oxytetracycline in dichloromethane
Authors: Shahida Shabnam , Hayat Faisal , Ali Akbar , Khan Muhammad Imran , Zafar Shagufta , Shah Khizar Hussain , Ahmad Nasar , Farooq Umar , Shanableh Abdallah
Published: April 2021

Liquid-liquid extraction system consisting of oxytetracycline (HOTC) in dichloromethane was developed for extraction of Nd+3 and Eu+3 from acidic solutions using radiometric technique. Various extraction parameters such as pH, equilibration time and metals concentration were optimized. Slope analysis method was used to study the composition of product and was found to be M(OTC)3 [here M=Nd+3 or Eu+3 and OTC = conjugate base of HOTC]. Among cations Al+3 and Fe+3 while among anions F− effected the extraction of these metals. Higher separation factor of these metals was found with many others. The method was successfully applied on spiked sea water.
Double argument marking in Timok dialect texts (in Balkan Slavic context)
Authors: Escher Anastasia
Published: April 2021

Idioms of the Torlak dialect (spoken in southeast Serbia and western Bulgaria) are known for their “double affiliation”. On the one hand, by virtue of their historical and phonetic features, they belong to the western range of the South Slavic dialectic continuum. On the other hand, according to their morphosyntactic characteristics (the presence of the post-positive article, the reduced case system, etc.), they adhere to the eastern range (i. e. Balkan Slavic). This paper views the innovative features of Torlak syntax from a strictly synchronic perspective and as a phenomenon of double (i. e. both head- and dependent-) argument marking. It is argued that cases of double argument marking in Torlak appear when several conditions are met. In order to be archaically marked with an overt relict case marker, a nominal group should either refer to the a-declension or, in case of the other declension types, assume a prominent position not only on the animacy scale but also on the scale of emotional involvement. In order to be innovatively indexed by a bound personal form (Haspelmath 2013), the argument should create the most favourable pragmatic and semantic conditions for the possible (optional) occurrence of argument indexing, i. e. be a derhematised and highly individualised Patient.
Kommentare zu gesellschaftlichen Themen und ihre charakteristischen Züge in ausgewählten polnischen Tageszeitungen
Authors: Szwed Iwona , Bilut-Homplewicz Zofia , Mac Agnieszka
Published: April 2021

Commonly, press comments lie at the border between media studies and text linguistics. In this contribution, we focus on press comments and their main characteristics by devoting our analysis to press-based social commentaries deriving from Polish daily newspapers. Aiming at highlighting differences that are present in the writing culture of German and Polish philology, we first discuss specificities apparent in the research of both philologies. In the second part of this contribution, we discuss the results of our analyses. We do so by emphasising the structure of the textual whole and – by using numerous examples – pointing out evolving syntactical and lexical characteristics. Over the course of this study, the differences in regional and local press are of particular interest.
The representation of Yusra Mardini as a Refugee Olympic Athlete: A sociological analysis
Authors: Michelini Enrico
Published: April 2021

This article explores the representation of Yusra Mardini as a refugee Olympic athlete. Her participation in the 2016 Olympic Games is analyzed through different areas of programming of the mass media and, specifically, through Mardini’s autobiography, documents of the International Olympic Committee, and German newspapers. A qualitative content analysis is carried out and a systems theoretical framework applied. The results reveal that Mardini’s refugee background was both an obstacle and an advantage for her career within the sport system. The establishment of the Refugee Olympic Team generated positive response from the International Olympic Committee but also exposed contradictions in its inclusion rules. The newspapers showed a strong interest in Mardini and presented her as a hero, downplaying her performances and emphasizing her life story. Following an analysis of the interconnections between these different representations, the discussion turns to the mechanisms that go beyond the inclusion of Mardini in professional sports and focuses on the latent information within the materials.
Determination of pseudo-refractive index in self-assembled ligand layers from spectral shift of surface plasmon resonances in colloidal silver nanoplates
Authors: Malakhovsky Pavel , Murausky Dmitry , Guzatov Dmitry , Gaponenko Sergey , Artemyev Mikhail
Published: April 2021

We examined systematically how self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of different mercaptoacids affect the spectral shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance in silver nanoplates and nanospheres. We observed a clear trend in the magnitude of a redshift with a molecular length or the SAM thickness within a homologous series of aliphatic mercaptoacids: the thicker shell the stronger the red shift. Using classic Mie theory for plasmonic core-dielectric shell spheres and oblate spheroids we developed the method for determination of a pseudo-refractive index in SAM of different molecules and obtained a good correlation with the reference refractive indices for bulk long-chain aliphatic acids, but only in case of silver nanoplates. Calculations for silver core–shell nanospheres gave overestimated values of refractive index perhaps due to restrictions of Mie theory on the minimum particle size.
Sustainable Production Ordnungsrahmen zur Gestaltung von Nachhaltigkeit in produzierenden Unternehmen
Authors: Busch Max , Graberg Tim
Published: April 2021

Die Bewertung von Produkten und Unternehmen erfolgt heute größtenteils aus finanzieller Perspektive. Neue Kunden- und Kapitalmarktanforderungen werden dies in Zukunft ändern, sodass die Mehrwerte von Nachhaltigkeitsaktivitäten für produzierende Unternehmen messbar werden. Wenn Investitions- und Kaufentscheidungen nicht mehr einzig durch finanzielle Aspekte bestimmt werden, sondern gleichfalls anhand der Erfüllung von Nachhaltigkeitsfaktoren, wird Nachhaltigkeit zum entscheidenden Wettbewerbsfaktor. Im Folgenden wird ein Ordnungsrahmen für produzierende Unternehmen, zum Beispiel des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus, zur Steigerung der unternehmensinternen und -externen Nachhaltigkeit aufgestellt.
Produktion in Deutschland zu Corona-Zeiten
Authors: Lerch Christian , Jäger Angela , Heimberger Heidi
Published: April 2021

Aufgrund des Lockdowns im Frühjahr 2020 mussten weite Teile der industriellen Produktion heruntergefahren werden. Zahlreiche Betriebe erlitten Produktionseinbrüche und zeigten Kurzarbeit an. Um die Auswirkungen auf das Produktionsgeschehen analysieren zu können, wurde die Betriebsbefragung „Folgen der Corona-Pandemie in der Produktion“ durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, welche Produktionsstrukturen besonders betroffen waren, aber auch, welche potenziellen Chancen sich aus der Pandemie ergeben.
Qualitätssicherung 4.0 – Weniger Rückrufe durch KI?
Authors: Sommerhoff Benedikt
Published: April 2021

Viele moderne Produkte, darunter auch Dienstleistungen, sind sehr komplexe Mixe aus Hard- und Software. Ihre Qualitätssicherung mit etablierten Methoden und Konzepten reicht offensichtlich nicht mehr aus, denn es gibt viel zu viele Ausfälle und sogar Produktrückrufe. Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung verschafft neue, wesentlich erweiterte Möglichkeiten wie Simulations- und Data-Science-Technologien für eine verbesserte Qualitätssicherung 4.0, mit der sich die Qualität sehr komplexer Produkte wieder beherrschen lässt.
A Model for In Vitro Evaluation of Overlapping Connections between Devices Used in the Endovascular Repair of Popliteal Aneurysms
Authors: Locks Giovani Figueiredo , Mello Roesler Carlos Rodrigo , Horn Françoá Jorge , Gindri Izabelle Mello , Wurdemann Helge , Silveira Pierre Galvagni
Published: April 2021

This work proposes a new methodology to investigate the potential for disconnection (Type III endoleak) of pairs of overlapped endoprostheses in a popliteal model vessel after a cyclic physiologic load, for three different overlap lengths. Multiaxial fatigue accelerated testing was designed to mimic the physiological loads and movements to which the peripheral arteries are submitted during gait. The experiment design was based on principles from technical standards ASTM F2477-07, Standard Test Methods for In Vitro Pulsatile Durability Testing of Vascular Stents (Superseded), and ASTM F2942-13, Standard Guide for In Vitro Axial, Bending, and Torsional Durability Testing of Vascular Stents (Superseded). Migration and disconnection were monitored by digital image correlation for three different overlap lengths (20, 30, and 40 mm). The testing method proposed in this work was efficient to provide a simulated environment to evaluate the influence of gait biomechanics on overlapped endoprosthesis disconnection. Obtained results demonstrated minimal or absence of relevant migration between the endoprostheses, range −0.06 to 0.34 millimeters. The proposed methodology was verified as a valuable tool to investigate the influence of the biomechanical environment that the devices are subjected to on the migration of overlapped endoprostheses. It may become a new alternative to study the preclinical in vitro performance of single endoprosthesis or multiple connected devices with different overlapped regions.
S1P2-Gα12Signaling Controls Astrocytic Glutamate Uptake and Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption
Authors: Jonnalagadda Deepa , Kihara Yasuyuki , Rivera Richard , Chun Jerold
Published: April 2021

Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the human brain. Following neurotransmission, astrocytes remove excess extracellular glutamate to prevent neurotoxicity. Glutamate neurotoxicity has been reported in multiple neurologic diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), representing a shared neurodegenerative mechanism. A potential modulator of glutamate neurotoxicity is the bioactive lysophospholipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) that signals through five cognate G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P1–S1P5; however, a clear link between glutamate homeostasis and S1P signaling has not been established. Here, S1P receptor knock-out mice, primary astrocyte cultures, and receptor-selective chemical tools were used to examine the effects of S1P on glutamate uptake. S1P inhibited astrocytic glutamate uptake in a dose-dependent manner and increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, primarily through S1P2. Primary cultures of wild-type mouse astrocytes expressed S1P1,2,3transcripts, and selective deletion of S1P1and/or S1P3in cerebral cortical astrocytes, did not alter S1P-mediated, dose-dependent inhibition of glutamate uptake. Pharmacological antagonists, S1P2-null astrocytes, and Gα12hemizygous-null astrocytes indicated that S1P2-Gα12-Rho/ROCK signaling was primarily responsible for the S1P-dependent inhibition of glutamate uptake. In addition, S1P exposure increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) in wild-type astrocytes and reduced OCRs in S1P2-null astrocytes, implicating receptor selective metabolic consequences of S1P-mediated glutamate uptake inhibition. Astrocytic S1P-S1P2signaling increased extracellular glutamate, which could contribute to neurotoxicity. This effect was not observed with the FDA-approved S1P receptor modulators, siponimod and fingolimod. Development and use of S1P2-selective antagonists may provide a new approach to reduce glutamate neurotoxicity in neurologic diseases.
Continuous Monitoring of Tau-Induced Neurotoxicity in Patient-Derived iPSC-Neurons
Authors: Oakley Derek H. , Klickstein Naomi , Commins Caitlin , Chung Mirra , Dujardin Simon , Bennett Rachel E. , Hyman Bradley T. , Frosch Matthew P.
Published: April 2021

Tau aggregation within neurons is a critical feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies. It is believed that soluble pathologic tau species seed the formation of tau aggregates in a prion-like manner and propagate through connected neurons during the progression of disease. Both soluble and aggregated forms of tau are thought to have neurotoxic properties. In addition, different strains of misfolded tau may cause differential neurotoxicity. In this work, we present an accelerated human neuronal model of tau-induced neurotoxicity that incorporates both soluble tau species and tau aggregation. Using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) neurons expressing a tau aggregation biosensor, we develop a cell culture system that allows continuous assessment of both induced tau aggregation and neuronal viability at single-cell resolution for periods of >1 week. We show that exogenous tau “seed” uptake, as measured by tau repeat domain (TauRD) reporter aggregation, increases the risk for subsequent neuronal deathin vitro. These results are the first to directly visualize neuronal TauRD aggregation and subsequent cell death in single human iPSC neurons. Specific morphologic strains or patterns of TauRD aggregation are then identified and associated with differing neurotoxicity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that familial AD iPSC neurons expressing the PSEN1 L435F mutation exhibit accelerated TauRD aggregation kinetics and a tau strain propagation bias when compared with control iPSC neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuronal intracellular aggregation of the microtubule binding protein tau occurs in Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative tauopathies. Tau aggregates are believed to spread from neuron to neuron via prion-like misfolded tau seeds. Our work develops a human neuronal live-imaging system to visualize seeded tau aggregation and tau-induced neurotoxicity within single neurons. Using an aggregation-sensing tau reporter, we find that neuronal uptake and propagation of tau seeds reduces subsequent survival. In addition, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) neurons carrying an Alzheimer's disease-causing mutation in presenilin-1 undergo tau seeding more rapidly than control iPSC neurons. However, they do not show subsequent differences in neuronal survival. Finally, specific morphologies of tau aggregates are associated with increased neurotoxicity.
Authentic Research Investigations of a Controversial Question
Authors: Shin Jessica , Serbe Étienne , Gage Gregory J.
Published: April 2021

Can plants learn? This question stirs up controversy and speculation in the classroom, as it is currently doing in the scientific community at large. We leverage the controversy to ask students to contribute to the greater body of knowledge by using scientific principles in creative research projects. Ninth-grade honors biology students became familiar with original research and the surrounding controversy, and performed experiments testing two distinct forms of plant learning in Pisum sativum (pea) and Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant).
Is That Minnow in Your Bait Bucket an Invasive Species? An Inquiry-Based Activity for Teaching Taxonomy in College-Level Courses
Authors: Mooney Robert J. , Martin Benjamin E. , Vander Zanden M. Jake
Published: April 2021

Despite the importance that taxonomy and species identification have in our current understanding of ecology, evolution, and conservation of organisms, it is a challenging topic to teach. One of the primary reasons for this challenge is the lack of student motivation to learn organism classification and identification, which is often reinforced by curricula that do not show the practical value of taxonomic knowledge. This article describes an inquiry-based learning activity designed to show students the real-world value of organism identification. In this activity, students relate the misidentification of baitfish to the spread of invasive species via the baitfish industry. Students role play as fish ecologists and help a bait shop owner identify the specimens in their baitfish supply and subsequently develop a strategy to ensure that the business is not contributing to the spread of invasive species. By relating the field of taxonomy to species invasions, instructors can show students that they are learning information and gaining skills that have utility outside of the classroom. We found this to be an appealing alternative to other species identification activities, which typically focus on low-level learning, and we are excited to share our approach with the readers of The American Biology Teacher.
Teaching in a Swimming Pool
Authors: Munns David P. D.
Published: April 2021

In the 1950s, American public universities began training a vast new cadre of nuclear engineers, technicians, and scientists in specially designed and built “teaching reactors.” As this article describes, a generation of nuclear engineering undergraduates and graduate students were exposed to an open, accessible, and above all, visible demonstration of nuclear energy through educational “swimming pool”–style reactors. Distinct from reactors for either weapons or power production, the swimming pool reactor was specifically configured to be a pedagogical tool. Educational programs were created around federally and industrially sponsored reactors for training, part of the massive Cold War era transformations of Midwestern, Western, and Southern public colleges and universities. This article offers the Ford Nuclear Reactor at the University of Michigan as an example of how the peaceful pedagogical atom developed after the 1950s. As I argue, teaching reactors were one product of the conservative compact made between government, public universities, and private industry in the early 1950s that underpinned the famed Atoms for Peace movement, with its technology and information sharing and international training priorities. Indeed, teaching reactors resolved for Eisenhower’s administration the tension between a desire for centralized control of the atom and the powerful vision of a future of prosperity brought about by open education and use of nuclear materials. This paper is part of a special issue entitled “Revealing the Michigan Memorial–Phoenix Project.”
Enfoques de aprendizaje en estudiantes argentinos de nivel secundario y universitario
Authors: Freiberg Hoffmann Agustín , Vigh Carlos Donato
Published: April 2021

Los enfoques de aprendizaje permiten conocer el modo en que los estudiantes perciben y aprenden los contenidos académicos. El sistema universitario local registra elevadas tasas de fracaso y deserción estudiantil al inicio del ciclo académico. Por esta razón, se analizan los aprendizajes de estudiantes de nivel secundario y universitario. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Procesos de Estudio Dos Factores a 797 estudiantes (44 % secundarios; 56 % universitarios). Se analizó primero la estructura interna del instrumento en muestras de estudiantes de secundario y universitario. Luego un MANCOVA halló efectos multivariados de las variables sexo, nivel educativo y la interacción entre sexo y nivel educativo, sobre los enfoques de aprendizaje. Se concluye que el cuestionario presenta adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en ambos grupos de estudiantes. Además, se observaron diferencias en los enfoques entre estudiantes de secundario y universitario, pudiéndose planificar actividades educativas orientadas a mejorar los resultados académicos durante el período de transición.
Resolución de conflictos, agresividad y factores sociodemográficos en víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano del Magdalena*
Authors: Velandia Arias Camilo Javier , Paba Barbosa Carmelina
Published: April 2021

En Colombia el posacuerdo con las FARC demanda esfuerzos colectivos hacia una construcción de paz que vincule a toda la ciudadanía y conceda un papel activo a las víctimas del conflicto armado interno. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre las habilidades para la resolución de conflictos, la agresividad y algunos factores sociodemográficos en víctimas residentes en el Magdalena. Se utilizó un diseño transversal y participaron 51 personas. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la Escala de Solución de Conflicto, el Inventario de Situaciones y Comportamientos Agresivos, y un cuestionario de datossociodemográficos. Se encontraron múltiples asociaciones significativas entre las variables analizadas, cuyas implicaciones fueron discutidas desde los puntos de coherencia y discrepancia con planteamientos provenientes de diversos campos.
Calidad de vida y estrategias de afrontamiento de embarazadas de alto riesgo y riesgo habitual
Authors: Longhi Rezende Ceny , Grubits Freire Heloísa Bruna , Vera Noriega José Ángel , Durazo Salas Francisco Fernando
Published: April 2021

Aun cuando la gestación sea un evento común en la vida reproductiva femenina poca atención han recibido las modificaciones percibidas en el dominio físico y psicológico del estado de salud de la mujer y su calidad de vida. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la calidad de vida y las estrategias de afrontamiento de madres gestantes de alto y habitual riesgo durante el segundo y tercer trimestre de gestación en el municipio de Dorados Matogroso del sur. Participaron 79 gestantes, siendo 32 de alto riesgo y 47 de riesgo habitual, la edad média fue de 24.6 años; a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario de calidad de vida y otro de enfrentamiento. Las embarazadas de alto riesgo presentan mayor calidad de vida en los dominios de Salud/ Funcionamiento y Familia; asi mismo,en todos los factores significativos de enfrentamiento Estos resultados demuestran la necesidad de acompañamiento de las participantes en programas especiales que son incluidos en el período prenatal con el fin de contribuir al enfrentamiento de la gestación.
Review of "The long table cookbook: Plant-based recipes for optimal health—nourishing food for small and large gatherings."
Authors: Bas Japji Anna
Published: April 2021

The Long Table Cookbook is a book on plant-based recipes for optimal health that offers recipes for small and large gatherings. Arriving, as it did, at the dawn of the pandemic era, presented obstacles and opportunities for the review of the book and its recipes. Applying principles of community, collaboration and experiential exploration, the authors of this review--a researcher, a young vegan and a tween--offer a narrative review of the process and sometimes surprising taste test adventures.
Variability in the Use of Audiovisual Translation Terminology
Authors: Kerevičienė Jurgita , Astrauskienė Jurgita
Published: April 2021

The growing supply of audiovisual products is closely linked to their translation to the target audience. In Lithuania, as well as in other countries, various modes of audiovisual translation are applied: some audiovisual works are dubbed, some are translated using voice-over, and still others are subtitled or surtitled. Deaf and hard of hearing viewers have access to the audiovisual content with the help of specialized subtitles; whereas the blind and partially sighted gain access via audio description. Each mode of audiovisual translation is defined by particular terms and specific characteristics, the variety of which may frequently seem like a kind of terminological maze for their users. This article aims at defining terms related to both the field of audiovisual translation and its modes by examining their differences and similarities to provide a structured classification of these terms. The paper also presents the insights and results of the survey, which reveals consumers’ ambiguities about the perception of audiovisual products and the application of audiovisual translation terminology.
Language Representation Features of Primary Human Needs in Discourse: a Case Study on Short Prose by A. Solzhenitsyn
Authors: Statsenko Olena
Published: April 2021

The article is devoted to the cognitive analysis of linguistic means, representing the primary human needs in extreme conditions. The nominations denoting the concepts of “food” and “warmth” are subjected to the lexico-semantic, grammatical, stylistic consideration. A choice of the discourse for analysis is due to describing a human life in detention when the primary adaptive needs prevail all others and become the most valuable. The representation of human basic biological need in food and warmth is considered in the given contexts. The use of colloquial vocabulary, grammatical norms violation, as well as figurative comparisons and transformed phraseological units in the contexts determine peculiarities of the verbal explication of the concept “food”. The author pays attention to the stylistically reduced vocabulary, which stands out the lexeme “belly”, acquiring new semantic shades in the analyzed fragments. With the nomination of warmth as another important human need for existence, the lexeme “stove” is associated. The paper identifies and analyzes the factors that cause the life values changes at the cognitive level of a person experiencing deprivation of basic biological needs.
How much is Historical Knowledge Present in Bilingual Dictionaries?
Authors: Valančiauskienė Aušra
Published: April 2021

During the development of structuralist semantics, there was a strong emphasis on distinguishing encyclopaedic and linguistic dictionaries. In the latter, any reference to encyclopaedic knowledge should be absent or kept to a minimum. Later it was realised that it is impossible to write a dictionary without using any encyclopaedic explanations. Those explanations make a dictionary more attractive, more interesting to read, and therefore more usable. This is particularly important when preparing bilingual dictionaries because it is two languages and two cultures that are being aligned and compared. As lexica related to cognitive fields (physics, medicine, botany, etc.) is incorporated into the nomenclature of modern dictionaries, relevant encyclopaedic information is then added by way of explanation. Accordingly, this article examines, based on analytical and descriptive methods, how historical knowledge is presented in the micro-and partly macro-structures of four dictionaries: The Great Lithuanian-English Dictionary (2006), Lithuanian-Russian Dictionary (2015), The Great Lithuanian-French Dictionary (2012) and Lithuanian-Norwegian Dictionary (2016).
Factors Related to Vital Lung Capacity of Workers at Fertilizer X Factory in Indonesia
Authors: Tanzila Raden Ayu , Gunawan Ernes Putra , Khairani Aisyah
Published: April 2021

Fertilizer industry workers are at risk of developing lung function disorders, especially from exposure to ammonia and urea dust. This study aimed to determine the vital lung capacity of workers at Fertilizer Factory X, Indonesia, and the influencing factors. This was a cross-sectional analytic observational study on 78 workers who work as an ammonia unit operators in the factory area who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sampling was done consecutively from December 2019 to January 2020. Data were collected using a questionnaire while the pulmonary function measurement was performed using spirometry. Research variables included age, length of work, smoking habits, nutritional status, use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and assessment of vital lung capacity. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and the results showed that the vital lung capacity of most respondents was classified as normal (55.1%). There were significant relationships between vital capacity and risk factors for age (p=0.001), length of work (p=0.009), use of PPE (p=0.012), and smoking habits (p=0.020). It is concluded that there is a relationship between vital capacity and age, length of work, use of PPE, and smoking habits in workers of Fertilizer Factory X, Indonesia.
Single vertebral manipulative therapy (Kitchener’s Technique): a new technique for treatment of acute and subacute spinal root compression
Authors: Kitchener Nabil
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Spinal Root Compression Syndromes (SRCS) are common, costly, and significant cause of long-term sick leave and work loss. There is No consensus on the best approach. One intervention often used is manipulative therapy. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if Single Vertebral Manipulative Therapy (Kitchener’s Technique) (SVMT) is effective in alleviating pain levels and regaining physical functioning in comparison to standard medical care (SMC), among 18-55-year-old active working personnel. Methods: Prospective, longitudinal, 2-arm controlled study comparing SMC plus SVMT (32 patients) with only SMC (21 patients). The primary outcome measures were changes in root-related pain on the numerical rating scale and physical functioning at 6 weeks on the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and back pain functional scale (BPFS). Results: Mean Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire scores decreased in both groups during the course of the study, but adjusted mean scores were significantly better in the SMC plus SVMT group than in the SMC group at both week 2 (P<0.001) and week 6 (P=0.001). Mean numerical rating scale pain scores were also significantly better in the group that received SVMT. Adjusted mean back pain functional scale scores were significantly higher (improved) in the SMC plus SVMT group than in the SMC group at both week 2 (P<0.001) and week 6 (P=0.001). Conclusion: Results suggest that SVMT in conjunction with SMC offers a significant advantage for decreasing pain and improving physical functioning when compared with only SMC, for patients aged 18-55 years with SRCS.
On the pipeline polarization in the case of insulation delamination from its surface
Authors:   Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Lukovych V. V.
Published: April 2021

The cathodic protection parameters for two pipelines with a diameter of 1420 mm were calculated. The protection zone for the first pipeline is 6 km long and for the second one it is 5 km. The cathode station current is 12,9 A for the first pipeline and 4 A for the second one. There are a damage and detachment of pipeline insulation, andconsequently a thin layer of electrolyte is located in the detachment area between the metal surface and the insulation. Almost the entire surface of the pipeline has polarization potential. For the first pipeline, the values of the protection potential at neighboring measurement points change quite dramatically, the difference between them can reach tenths of a volt. The polarization current density at the ends of the protection zone is quite small, and accordingly the polarization potential is close to the corrosion potential. But in the vicinity of the drainage point, these values are much larger. The situation is almost the opposite for the second pipeline, where the cathode station current is 4 A. The current density is almost equally distributed throughout the protection zone, slightly larger at its ends. The polarization potential changes accordingly. Its values are larger than the first case. In the cathodic protection, the potential of the pipeline relative to ground zero is important. Its average value depends on the magnitude of the cathode station current. Its graph intersects the lower part of the protection potential graph in the first case and the middle of the graph in the second. The protection potential is the difference between the potential of the pipeline and the earth surface. In the first case, in the vicinity of the drainage point this difference is much larger inside compared to the ends of the zone. As a conclusion, in the practice of cathodic protection it is important to regulate the value of the cathode station current in order to achieve the optimum protection. Keywords: delamination, protection potential, polarization current density.
Electrocardiographic Criteria for Differentiating Left from Right Idiopathic Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: Mariani Marco V , Piro Agostino , Rocca Domenico G Della , Forleo Giovanni B , Pothineni Naga Venkata , Romero Jorge , Biase Luigi Di , Fedele Francesco , Lavalle Carlo
Published: April 2021

Idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias are ventricular tachycardias or premature ventricular contractions presumably not related to myocardial scar or disorders of ion channels. Of the ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) without underlying structural heart disease, those arising from the ventricular outflow tracts (OTs) are the most common. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is the most common site of origin for OT-VAs, but these arrhythmias can, less frequently, originate from the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). OT-VAs are focal and have characteristic ECG features based on their anatomical origin. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an effective and safe treatment strategy for OT-VAs. Prediction of the OT-VA origin according to ECG features is an essential part of the preprocedural planning for RFCA procedures. Several ECG criteria have been proposed for differentiating OT site of origin. Unfortunately, the ECG features of RVOT-VAs and LVOT-VAs are similar and could possibly lead to misdiagnosis. The authors review the ECG criteria used in clinical practice to differentiate RVOT-VAs from LVOT-VAs.
Synthesis and characterization of C60 and C70 acetylacetone monoadducts and study of their photochemical properties for potential application in solar cells
Authors: Duarte-Ruiz Alvaro , Iuele Helena , Torres Sergio Alejandro , Melendez Angie , Velasquez Jose Daniel , Chaur Manuel
Published: April 2021

We report on the synthesis of C60 and C70 monoadducts at room temperature through the Bingel reaction; employing acetylacetone as ligand; in presence of DBU (1,8-Diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene), carbon tetrabromide (CBr4), and o-dichlorobenzene. Diacetylmethane-[C60-Ih]-fullerene-[5,6] and diacetylmethane-[C70-D5h]-fullerene-[5,6] monoadducts were obtained with yields of 69% and 44%, respectively. The products were purified by column chromatography (CC, on silica gel, using hexane, carbon disulfide, and chloroform as eluents at room temperature)  and characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H and 13C), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and UV-Visible spectroscopies, Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) Mass spectrometry, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Osteryoung Square Wave Voltammetry (OSWV). Both compounds showed irreversible reduction peaks controlled by diffusion, with LUMO energy levels of -3.09 eV, -3.13 eV for C60, and C70 monoadducts, respectively. These values are comparable with the -3.99 eV of PC61BM. The synthetized adducts were incorporated into inverted-type perovskite solar cells and were used as electron transporting materials (ETM) obtaining power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 8.5% and 14.0% for the C60 and C70 monoadducts, respectively. When C60 is replaced by a lower symmetrical fullerene such as C70 an improved light absorption in the visible region is observed.
Ácido L-poliláctico (PLA) y nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple (NTCPM) con potenciales aplicaciones industriales
Authors: Vega-Baudrit José Roberto , Murillo Vargas Fabian , Jiménez Villalta Guillermo , Esquivel Alfaro Marianelly
Published: April 2021

En términos generales, es bien conocida la cualidad que poseen algunos polímeros de cambiar sus propiedades físicas y químicas finales mediante la adición de nanopartículas a la matriz polimérica para producir un material compuesto (MC). Esta investigación está basada en la obtención de un MC a partir de ácido poliláctico (PLA) y nanotubos de carbono de pared múltiple (NTCPM), muy empleado en la industria del envasado y dispositivos biomédicos, con el fin de ampliar su perfil industrial.
Se desarrollaron cuatro mezclas de PLA y NTCPM, y se empleó polietilenglicol (PEG) como plastificante. Se evaluaron sus propiedades morfológicas, térmicas, mecánicas, termo-mecánicas, espectroscópicas, ángulo de contacto y cristalográficas. Se observó que los MCs presentaron degradación térmica a temperaturas inferiores a la matriz sin NTCPM, así como un aumento en el módulo de flexión y tensión en algunas de las muestras. Así mismo, se observó que los NTCPM pueden aumentar la cristalinidad del material y que, en algunos casos, se incrementa su rigidez, actuando como un aditivo útil para aplicaciones de mayor esfuerzo mecánico que la matriz.
Del efecto de agregar PEG en los MC, se determinó que los NTCPM no restringen la movilidad de las cadenas poliméricas y se da un efecto plastificante, lo que permite mayor movilidad de la zona amorfa de las cadenas de polímero, como indica la literatura consultada. Finalmente, se concluyó que a mayores contenidos de NTCPM, se generan mejores valores en el módulo de flexión, esfuerzo máximo de flexión, módulo de elongación, esfuerzo de carga máxima y esfuerzo de ruptura, entre otras propiedades evaluadas.
Regulación de la actividad enzimática de la NMNAT de Leishmania braziliensis por péptidos representativos de su extremo N-terminal
Authors: Ávila-Jiménez Santiago , Contreras-Rodríguez Luis Ernesto , Granados-Ramírez Carmen Giovana , Rivera-Monroy Zuly Jenny , Ramírez-Hernández María Helena
Published: April 2021

El parásito intracelular Leishmania braziliensis es el agente causal de la leishmaniasis cutánea, enfermedad endémica de zonas tropicales, cuyos tratamientos farmacológicos son tóxicos y para la cual no se dispone de una vacuna en la actualidad. Por esta razón, el estudio de las proteínas relacionadas con el metabolismo energético del parásito es relevante dada su importancia para la supervivencia del mismo. En este estudio, utilizando como secuencia plantilla los primeros 18 residuos del extremo N-terminal de la proteína nicotinamida/nicotinato mononucleótido adenilil transferasa de L. braziliensis (Lb-NMNAT), se sintetizaron péptidos implementando la estrategia Fmoc/tert-Butilo en una resina Rink amida MBHA. Los péptidos se purificaron por cromatografía en columna C18 y se caracterizaron mediante RP-HPLC. La proteína recombinante 6xHisLb-NMNAT se expresó en células Escherichia coli M15 y se purificó parcialmente empleando cromatografía de afinidad a metales inmovilizados. De esta proteína se confirmó su actividad enzimática a través de ensayos enzimáticos directos analizados por RP-HPLC. Los péptidos sintetizados se utilizaron para evaluar su efecto sobre la actividad enzimática de la proteína 6xHisLb-NMNAT, observándose una modulación diferencial, lo cual resulta promisorio para el diseño de herramientas quimioterapéuticas basadas en la secuencia N-terminal de la proteína Lb-NMNAT.
A circulação do ódio biopolítico nos comentários dos portais de notícias referentes ao voto de Jair Bolsonaro no impeachment de Dilma Rousseff
Authors: Dalmolin Aline Roes , Frigo Diosana
Published: April 2021

Buscamos compreender como o ódio biopolítico circula nos comentários sobre o voto de Jair Bolsonaro no impeachment. A pesquisa toma por objeto os discursos de ódio biopolítico proferidos nos comentários de portais de notícias. O referencial teórico tem como base o conceito de biopolítica e ódio biopolítico. A metodologia utilizada é a Análise de Discurso (AD). A partir da análise dos comentários nos portais de notícias, foi possível verificar que o ódio biopolítico pode ser manifestado em decorrência das características biológicas dos sujeitos, de suas práticas sexuais ou mesmo contra posicionamentos políticos considerados de esquerda. Percebemos que o ódio biopolítico é expresso nos comentários analisados por meio da intolerância, da não aceitação das diversidades e da divergência política por um setor que se considerada superior e as outras pessoas de uma “raça inferior”.
Mídia Propagável, (Des)Informação e Teorias da Afetividade
Authors: Azambuja Patrícia
Published: April 2021

A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica focada na vinculação entre mídia propagável, informação e motivações na Teoria da Afetividade, o presente trabalho se propõe a explorar teoricamente alguns desdobramentos no período subsequente às eleições presidenciais de 2018. A abordagem metodológica está centrada no levantamento de conceitos que envolvem as dicotomias e aproximações na cadeia emoção-sentimento, suas conexões com o campo do jornalismo e o fenômeno da (des)informação. Refletimos sobre a possibilidade de duvidar da mera opinião, da crença cega, e passar a compreender que confiança (e emoção) não abdica de ponderações ou de protestos circunscritos em fatos. Identificar essas conexões talvez contribua para minimizar a geração de paixões tristes, vinculadas a instintos destrutivos.
Publicações brasileiras no campo da Comunicação Popular: uma análise das dissertações e teses dos últimos dez anos
Authors: Barreto Simone Rodrigues , Gantos Marcelo Carlos
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica da produção científica brasileira sobre a Comunicação Popular entre 2009 e 2018, a partir da análise das dissertações e teses disponibilizadas pelos Programas de Pós-Graduação em diversas áreas de conhecimento, disponíveis no catálogo da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). A pesquisa buscou compreender o “estado da arte” desse campo em especial com foco específico na comunicação social e na cidadania. O processo metodológico se ancorou na análise documental, a partir da leitura dos títulos e resumos dos trabalhos encontrados no banco de dados, seguida de tabulação de dados quantitativos e construção de categorias do objeto de estudo. O artigo traz análise de concentração da produção por região geográfica, suportes midiáticos e metodologias mais utilizados nas pesquisas de comunicação popular, instituições e índice do tema por ano.
Temas sindicais no jornalismo de Veja: entre ditos e silenciados
Authors: Schuster Patrícia Regina
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo expusemos parte da reflexão feita durante a tese de Doutorado. Aqui, nosso objetivo é apresentar como a revista Veja discursiviza o sindicalismo. Sob a influência teórica da Análise de Discurso, de vertente francesa, analisamos 24 textos da publicação, veiculados durante julho de 2006 e julho de 2014. A imersão analítica nestas reportagens evidencia quais são os atravessamentos ideológicos que permeiam a fala do veículo ao noticiar questões vinculadas tanto às ações quanto aos atores oriundos do meio sindical. O mapeamento dos sentidos indica que eles se filiam a sete Famílias Parafrásticas, que, por sua vez, associam-se a outras duas Formações Discursivas. Entre ditos e silenciados, percebemos que sobram estigmas para o movimento sindical brasileiro. A lógica discursiva adotada, em sua maioria, é a da sua desqualificação. Há, porém, uma única forma - residual - de atuação sindical consentida no discurso da revista: aquela que é menos combativa, mais maleável.
Difficult diagnostics of a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension: a case report
Authors: Kizhvatova N. V. , Kosmacheva E. D. , Kruchinova S. V. , Namitokov A. M.
Published: April 2021

Pulmonary hypertension is a syndrome difficult for differential diagnosis, which is the outcome of various pathological conditions. With the exclusion of the most common causes of pulmonary hypertension (left heart disorders and pulmonary embolism), further search for cause often becomes an insoluble problem. Sezary syndrome is classified as a rare type of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Early diagnosis of this syndrome is important for the initiation of adequate therapy, since cases of complete recovery or long-term remission in patients with Sezary syndrome are very rare. A case report of Sezary syndrome verification in cardiology practice is described.
Osborn wave in a patient with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Musin T. I. , Bagmanova Z. A. , Pavlov V. N. , Gumerov R. M. , Tyurin A. V. , Talipova Kh. M. , Gareev D. A. , Davtyan P. A. , Zagidullin N. Sh.
Published: April 2021

The classic Osborn wave in the form of characteristic changes at the depolarization end or ventricular repolarization beginning is more often associated with hypothermia (body temperature below 35,6° C). Some researchers have noticed Osborn wave at normal body temperature, various pathological conditions and diseases: hypercalcemia, myocardial ischemia, postoperative pericarditis, with central nervous system, etc. We presented a case report of a 72-year-old female inpatient with moderate COVID-19, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, and 48% lung damage. Before admission to the hospital, electrocardiogram had no Osborn wave, which first appeared at admission. There was a significant increase in serum C-reactive protein and a moderate increase in serum biomarkers and no changes in intervals and segments on the electrocardiogram. The appearance of Osborn wave may be associated with intramyocardial electrolyte imbalance, a consequence of antiviral and antibacterial therapy that violate intraventricular conduction.
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure and chronic kidney disease: the role of empagliflozin
Authors: Batyushin M. M.
Published: April 2021

The development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor not only for cardiovascular diseases, but also for heart failure (HF). This article is a literary review on the use of Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (NGLT2) inhibitors in patients with CKD and HF. The paper describes in detail the action of NGLT2 inhibitors in the light of nephro- and cardioprotection. In addition to the glucosuric effect of NGLT2 inhibitors, they have a natriuretic and diuretic effect. One of the effects of NGLT2 inhibitors is the ability to lower blood pressure. One of the key effects of NGLT2 inhibitors, explaining nephroprotection, is the influence on glomerular filtration. The ability of NGLT2 inhibitors to suppress the peroxidation in mitochondria of proximal tubular epithelium was shown. Another putative mechanism of the organ protection action of NGLT2 inhibitors is their ability to inhibit the activation of the sympathetic nervous system.The results of studies using empagliflozin in HF and CKD are presented. In particular, the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study showed that in patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant cardiovascular diseases, empagliflozin led to a 35% decrease in hospitalization risk due to decompensated HF and decrease of cardiovascular death risk by 38% regardless of baseline renal function. According to the EMPEROR-Reduced study, empagliflozin showed a favorable safety profile.