bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Creative-Relational Inquiry: Institutional Threat, Fortitude, and Flying Like a Brick
Authors: Murray Fiona , Wyatt Jonathan
Published: February 2024

Creative-relational inquiry has what is called a “center,” the Center for Creative-Relational Inquiry (CCRI, Sea~cry), at the University of Edinburgh. We are two of the center’s co-directors. Sea~cry is an institution within an institution. It had its 5-year university review in 2022. The experience and (successful) outcome of that review process has left us troubled. Our concern prompts us to write. We respond to sirens. We respond to sirens by turning again to writing, to writing together, with other, by turning again to “downlow lowdown maroon community” of creative-relational inquiry.
Evaluation of second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Lu Jessie , Do Bryan , Primeaux Brian
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib, are preferred agents for the treatment of relapsed and/or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) over first-generation BTK inhibitor, ibrutinib. The comparative safety and efficacy of these two agents have not been studied. Currently, the decision between using one second-generation BTK inhibitor over the other is largely dependent on provider preference, cost, organ dysfunction, presence of drug–drug interactions, adherence considerations, and theorized differences in safety outcomes due to the lack of head-to-head trials in MCL.

Methods

This retrospective, observational study seeks to provide real-world data on the safety and efficacy of second-generation BTK inhibitors in the setting of relapsed and/or refractory MCL.

Results

Thirty-eight patients treated with a second-generation BTK inhibitor were evaluated. Ten percent of patients experienced a select adverse drug event (ADE) in the acalabrutinib group that included hypertension and major hemorrhage with no patients experiencing a select ADE in the zanubrutinib group.

Conclusions

Results support historical data that acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib have a more favorable safety profile compared to ibrutinib in MCL.
Feline radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures: a retrospective study of 49 cases comparing single bone fixation and dual bone fixation
Authors: Makar Jason G , Lai Jane YK , Simcock James O , Jerram Richard M , Lai Alen , Levien Andrew S , Hoon QiCai J , Hall Evelyn JS , Basa Rachel M
Published: February 2024

Objectives

The objectives of this study were to report the complications in radial and ulnar diaphyseal fractures in cats and to compare the differences in outcome between single and dual bone internal fixation.

Methods

Medical records between 2004 and 2022 were searched retrospectively for cats with antebrachial diaphyseal fractures treated with internal bone-plate fixation. In total, 49 cases were included from six referral hospitals, including one teaching hospital. Patient information was collated, including fracture configuration, location, repair method and clinical outcome as assessed by veterinary physical examination, radiography and owner questionnaire.

Results

A total of 47 cats (mean age 4.2 years) were included. Fractures were located distally (24/49, 49%), proximally (13/49, 26.5%) and mid-diaphyseally (12/49, 24.5%). Dual bone fixation was used in 13/49 (26.5%) cases, with only 1/13 (7.7%) having major complications. By comparison, 4/36 (11.1%) of single plated fractures had major complications. Single bone fixation was 14.25 times more likely (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.07–97.99) to have a successful outcome (veterinarian-assigned score of 0) compared with dual bone fixation ( P = 0.007). When evaluating owner-assessed outcomes, single bone fixation was 9.4 times more likely (95% CI 1.4–61.96) to have a successful outcome (owner score of 0) compared with dual bone fixation ( P = 0.019).

Conclusions and relevance

Fractures that were repaired with single bone fixation had a greater chance of a better outcome. Although the difference was not significant, there was a higher major complication rate and a lower minor complication rate for cases treated with single bone fixation compared with dual bone fixation. The majority of fractures were located in the distal diaphysis. Comminution of the fracture and concurrent orthopaedic issues did not significantly affect the outcome. Further prospective studies with standardised follow-up, radiographic assessment, surgeon and implants are required to truly assess the difference between dual and single bone fixation.
Cancer and multiple sclerosis: 2023 recommendations from the French Multiple Sclerosis Society
Authors: Collongues Nicolas , Durand-Dubief Françoise , Lebrun-Frenay Christine , Audoin Bertrand , Ayrignac Xavier , Bensa Caroline , Bigaut Kévin , Bourre Bertrand , Carra-Dallière Clarisse , Ciron Jonathan , Defer Gilles , Kwiatkowski Arnaud , Leray Emmanuelle , Maillart Elisabeth , Marignier Romain , Mathey Guillaume , Morel Nathalie , Thouvenot Eric , Zéphir Hélène , Boucher Julie , Boutière Clémence , Branger Pierre , Da Silva Angélique , Demortière Sarah , Guillaume Maxime , Hebant Benjamin , Januel Edouard , Kerbrat Anne , Manchon Eric , Moisset Xavier , Montcuquet Alexis , Pierret Chloé , Pique Julie , Poupart Julien , Prunis Chloé , Roux Thomas , Schmitt Perrine , Androdias Géraldine , Cohen Mikael
Published: February 2024

Background:

Epidemiological data reveal that 45% of persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) in France are more than 50 years. This population more than 50 is more susceptible to cancer, and this risk may be increased by frequent use of immunosuppressive drugs. Consequently, concerns have arisen about the potential increased risk of cancer in PwMS and how patients should be screened and managed in terms of cancer risk.

Objective:

To develop evidence-based recommendations to manage the coexistence of cancer and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:

The French Group for Recommendations in MS collected articles from PubMed and university databases covering the period January 1975 through June 2022. The RAND/UCLA method was employed to achieve formal consensus. MS experts comprehensively reviewed the full-text articles and developed the initial recommendations. A group of multidisciplinary health care specialists then validated the final proposal.

Results:

Five key questions were addressed, encompassing various topics such as cancer screening before or after initiating a disease-modifying therapy (DMT), appropriate management of MS in the context of cancer, recommended follow-up for cancer in patients receiving a DMT, and the potential reintroduction of a DMT after initial cancer treatment. A strong consensus was reached for all 31 recommendations.

Conclusion:

These recommendations propose a strategic approach to managing cancer risk in PwMS.
Benefits over threats associated with host-country nationals’ acculturation preferences: Examining a stereotype content and threat benefit model
Authors: Valenzuela Marcus A. , Schwartz Seth J. , Zagefka Hanna
Published: February 2024

A survey study in the US ( N = 647) tested predictors of host-country nationals’ acculturation preferences regarding whether participants would want immigrants to adopt the mainstream U.S. identity and/or retain their heritage identity. A model was tested positing that perceived competition with immigrants, and the perceived status of immigrants, would predict positive stereotypes held about immigrants in terms of warmth and competence. Positive stereotypes, in turn, were predicted to relate to the extent to which immigrants were seen as posing a threat and/or bringing benefits to the US. Threats and benefits were then posited as predicting the extent to which host-country nationals would want immigrants to adopt a mainstream U.S. identity and/or retain their heritage identity. Although results partially supported our hypotheses, it seems clearer that perceived benefits, rather than threats (which have previously received more attention), appear to predict host-country nationals’ acculturation preferences. The theoretical and applied relevance of these findings is discussed.
Building a shared future between China and Africa: A framing analysis of China Radio International's podcast news China Africa Talk
Authors: Zhao Qingting , Wu Jing , Gao Hao
Published: February 2024

China has used broadcast for international communication in Africa since 1949, an important bridge connecting China and Africa. As digital audio media, podcasts also serve communication on Africa-related topics. News media work as the intermediaries between the public and the nation, and news framing is significant for the public to understand China-Africa relations. Regarding the limitations of traditional framing analysis, this study used a data-driven computational method, the Analysis of Topic Model Networks (ANTMN), to examine the news framing in China Radio Internationals (CRI’s) China Africa Talk. The findings revealed four frames in the podcast: cultural exchange, economic cooperation, sustainable development, and strategic cooperation, which indicates the efforts of China and Africa in building a community of shared future. Cultural exchange and sustainable development are two frames found in this study that highlight the differences in national propaganda content between podcasts and newspapers. Furthermore, podcasts in international communication, with digital media characteristics and young audiences, can promote the dialogue and communication between China and Africa.
Analysis of the relationship between near-wall velocity distribution and wall heat flux under diesel spray flame impingement in an RCEM
Authors: Jo Hyun , Kawai Yuta , Horibe Naoto , Kawanabe Hiroshi , Ishiyama Takuji , Ishii Daijiro , Mihara Yuji
Published: February 2024

To clarify the relationship between the near-wall flow and the heat flux through the wall, the velocity distribution of the diesel spray flame and the heat flux at the combustion chamber wall were measured in a rapid compression and expansion machine (RCEM), which has a twodimensional combustion chamber. The velocity distribution of the diesel spray flame near the wall was measured by the particle image velocimetry (PIV), and the heat flux through the wall where the diesel spray flame impinges was measured using a newly developed multi-point heat flux sensor. Furthermore, the velocity gradient tensor was calculated based on the measured velocity distribution results, and the effect of the shear flow characteristics on wall heat transfer was analyzed. As a result, the higher the injection pressure leads the higher the peak value of the heat flux. A fluctuation of the heat flux exhibits the same trend as the fluctuations of the velocity, and a high heat flux appeared in the high-velocity gradient tensor region, which suggests that the characteristics of shear flow near the wall can affect the heat flux.
Engaging classroom observation: A brief measure of active learning in the college classroom
Authors: Young Chase , Mitchell-Yellin Benjamin , Randall George Kevin
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid, reliable, and brief measure of active learning in college classrooms that is cheap and easy to complete and yields results that faculty can easily use to inform their development as instructors. Initial construct and face validity was achieved by modifying existing instruments and creating a draft of a brief measure of active learning for external expert review. Following the suggested revisions, the engaging classroom observation was then piloted and revised as necessary. Reliability was tested and measures of internal consistency and interrater reliability were acceptable. A principal component analysis showed two components that were moderately correlated, which indicated the potential they could be combined. An Exploratory Factor Analysis confirmed the instrument is measuring one factor, which we propose as active learning. This study is significant because it offers a brief instrument based on students’ perceptions that can be used formatively by faculty.
Health and Wellness Outcomes of Intimate Partner Violence Support Workers: A Narrative Review
Authors: Lundy Tara , Crawford Joanne
Published: February 2024

Workers who support survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) witness some of the most traumatic acts of violence in their everyday work life. These experiences may cause distress that has implications for health and their ability to cope. This narrative literature review sought to explore what is known about the health, wellness, and coping strategies of IPV workers in diverse settings. A comprehensive academic literature search of five databases for peer-reviewed journal articles, available in English, published between January 2000 and October 2023 was conducted. A total of 34 articles on workers’ experiences in relation to health, wellness, and coping strategies were included in the review. Thematic analysis generated the following themes: (a) diversity of IPV workplace settings and roles; (b) meaningful aspects of IPV support work including purpose and fulfillment, compassion satisfaction, rewarding and valuable work; (c) adverse experiences such as psychological distress and physiological discomfort, interpersonal social challenges, environment and organizational challenges, burnout, compassion fatigue and secondary trauma; and (d) coping strategies that considered coping behaviors and self-care, workplace support and accommodation, and meaningful sacrifice and adaptation. While the review provided important insights regarding the meaningful aspects of IPV support work and coping strategies, the adverse experiences of supporting survivors significantly dominated the literature. Unfortunately, the majority of studies did not clarify the context of workplaces, and this represents a gap in understanding workers’ experiences. Future research is needed to understand context-related experiences of IPV support workers in relation to health and coping. The current review provides unique insights on diverse IPV support work settings and roles, work-related issues that may influence workers’ wellness, and rewarding aspects of IPV support work.
High quality factor double negative metamaterial for textile fabric and fabric moisture sensing applications
Authors: Billa Md. Bakey , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Alam Touhidul , Albadran Saleh , Alzamil Ahmed , Alshammari Ahmed S. , Alsaif Haitham , Islam Md Shabiul , Soliman Mohamed S.
Published: February 2024

This study introduces an innovative high-Quality factor (Q-factor) double negative (DNG) metamaterial sensor designed for textile fabric and fabric moisture sensing applications in the dynamic realm of textile innovation. The sensor is specifically designed to detect the dielectric properties and moisture content of different textile fabrics. The high Q-factor of this metamaterial structure ensures heightened sensitivity and accuracy in fabric sensing, facilitating precise detection of even subtle changes in fabric properties. By measuring frequency shifting and analyzing S21 values, the sensor provides crucial information about the fabric’s dielectric characteristics. Sensing experiments conducted on various fabrics, including cotton, denim, corduroy, organza, and polyester unveil distinctive patterns of frequency shifting and Q-factors, establishing a nuanced link between fabric structure and sensor performance. The proposed sensor is capable of detecting fabrics with a very low dielectric constant variation of 0.05. In the experiment, the high-dielectric fabric denim (1.7) exhibited frequency shifting and Q-factor of 6970 and 834.87, respectively. Moreover, it is worth noting that the low-dielectric fabric organza (1.03) exhibits frequency shifting and Q factors of 2190 and 1367.03, respectively. Experimental results affirm the prominent efficacy of the proposed sensor in fabric and fabric moisture sensing. Its high Q-factor empowers the sensor to accurately detect and monitor fabric properties, rendering it highly suitable for critical tasks such as quality control, energy efficiency optimization, and process enhancement within the textile industry. The proposed metamaterial sensor (MMS) can significantly contribute to the development of a smart textile sensing technology and pave the way for innovative applications in the textile industry.
Acquired Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation: Treatment With Uterine Artery Embolization
Authors: Hill Kathleen , Russell Nicole N. , Schammel Christine M. G. , Devane Aron M.
Published: February 2024

Enhanced myometrial vascularity/uterine arteriovenous malformations (EVM/AVM) are a rare cause of vaginal bleeding that can result in life-threatening hemorrhage if left untreated. Enhanced myometrial vascularity/uterine arteriovenous malformations arise from an abnormal connection between arteries and veins without an intervening capillary network and can be acquired as a result of retained products of conception, uterine trauma, or surgical intervention. Enhanced myometrial vascularity/uterine arteriovenous malformations are typically present in women of childbearing age with intermittent to profuse vaginal bleeding symptoms. The diagnosis is typically made by transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound with color Doppler followed by computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance imaging to assess the extent of the malformation and visualize any feeding arteries. Treatment varies based on symptoms, age, patient preferences, and desire for future fertility and includes conservative therapy, uterine artery embolization, and hysterectomy. We report 3 cases of EVM/AVM, which were imaged and diagnosed utilizing ultrasonography and successfully treated with uterine artery embolization.
Collaborative Approach to Updating Object Records at the David Livingstone Birthplace Museum
Authors: Campbell Alasdair , Smith Rachael
Published: February 2024

This paper examines a collaborative approach to the assessment and updating of object records held at the David Livingstone Birthplace Museum (DLB). The Museum is the primary repository of objects and documents relating to the life of David Livingstone (1813–1873). Livingstone is renowned for his travels throughout the African continent and subsequently, a third of the collection originates from Africa. The language used for both the classification and description of objects contained outdated, racist and colonial references to peoples, communities, and territories. Similarly, the omittance of acquisition information reflected dominant museum collecting practices of the ninteenth and early twentieth centuries. In order to dismantle these Western-centric cataloging conventions, DLB collaborated with local African diaspora community groups, international museums, and heritage organizations from Malawi and Botswana. A series of case studies illustrate knowledge production through oral history and object biography to create records that include multiple voices.
Effect of Adding Shoulder Stabilization Exercises to the Rehabilitation of Postoperative Hand Injuries in Young Adult Patients
Authors: Abdallah Ehab A. , Eldesoky Mohamed T. , Saweres Joseph W. , Abdelhaleem Mahmoud D.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Hand injuries are common and could have an impact on all upper limb functions. Engaging shoulder muscle training during the rehabilitation protocol postoperatively could have a significant impact on regaining all upper limb function. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of adding shoulder stabilization exercise to hand rehabilitation postoperatively.

Methods:

Forty patients were randomly assigned to 2 equal groups. Group A received a standard physical therapy program plus shoulder exercise protocol and group B received only a standard physical therapy protocol for hand rehabilitation. Outcome measures were pain intensity; grip strength; Arabic modified Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire; and range of motion (ROM). All outcome measures were assessed before and after treatment.

Results:

Statistical analysis revealed that both groups, the experimental and control, showed significant improvement in all outcome measures, but experimental group A showed significant improvement than the control group B posttreatment for hand grip strength, ROM, and QuickDASH questioners ( P < .001).

Conclusion:

Adding shoulder stabilizer muscle training to the hand rehabilitation protocol postoperatively has a significant impact on hand function outcomes.
Less Is More: How the Language of Fiction Fosters Emotion Recognition
Authors: Castano Emanuele
Published: February 2024

Stories, in pictorial format, orally narrated, and later on as narrative texts, have played a key role in human evolution and to this day continue to surreptitiously teach us things and skills. In recent decades, psychologists and cognitive scientists have begun documenting the role of stories, and particularly fiction, in refining our sociocognitive skills. In this essay, I focus specifically on how stories, particularly written fiction, hone our emotion recognition skills. I present a brief overview of existing theorizing and research findings, and propose the less-is-more hypothesis, according to which emotion recognition skills are sharpened by stories that do not tell us, but rather show us the emotional life of fictional characters.
Study on the Chemical Composition and Blood-Entry Components of Nourishing Blood Diuretic Formula Based on Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology Techniques
Authors: Yang Si-Cheng , Lei Xia , Xie Si-Fang , Huang Ju , Yue Feng-Qin , Chen Si-Di , Peng Wei , Fan Heng , Li Sen , Duan Xue-Yun , Sun Wan-Jin
Published: February 2024

Objective: Analyzing the chemical composition and blood-entry components of Nourishing Blood Diuretic Formula (NBDF) by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and analyzing the mechanism of NBDF in the treatment of chronic renal failure by combining network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Methods: The prototype components were obtained by LC-MS, and the targets of the prototype components and the targets for the treatment of chronic renal failure (CRF) were predicted by network pharmacology to obtain the common targets of the drug and the disease, which were then subjected to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, and molecular docking was carried out between the compounds of the prototype components and the key targets, so as to screen out the active ingredients, the targets and the signaling pathways that were closely related to the efficacy of NBDF. Results: Synthesizing the test information, 125 compounds were identified from the solution of NBDF, and 48 blood-entry components were identified from rat plasma containing the drug, including 6 prototypical components, and 102 potential targets of action, 515 GO entries, and 133 KEGG pathways were obtained from the web-based pharmacological analyses, and molecular docking was performed to obtain the binding of the 6 prototypical component compounds and the 9 key targets, and the formononetin, emodin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, sennoside A, and astragaloside III were hypothesized to be the active components of NBDF in the treatment of CRF. Conclusion: This study initially demonstrated that Nourishing Blood and Diuretic Formula exert its therapeutic effects on CRF through multicomponents, multitargets, and multimethods, and elucidated its pharmacological material basis and therapeutic mechanism.
Rereading minor women characters of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata through their contemporary adaptation in the novels of Kavita Kane
Authors: Tyagi Nisha , Anand Kumar Gautam
Published: February 2024

This study explores the changes in the portrayal of minor women characters in the Ramayana and the Mahabharata to that of the contemporary fictional narratives of Kavita Kane. Women’s struggle, except in the Vedic period, expresses their endeavor for self-reliance and individuality. It also carries their subsequent efforts to camouflage or appropriate the patriarchal norms to be at peace with society. The struggle of marginalized women in epic stories—whether misrepresented, represented, or silenced—is now being brought to light by reframing their roles as protagonists who assert themselves, fight for their rights, and challenge the pre-determined social and cultural expectations that have caused their oppression in a male-dominated society. These stories prompt us to question gender and class-based discrimination by highlighting female characters’ neglected mental abilities.
Cyborgs for strategic communication on social media
Authors: Ng Lynnette Hui Xian , Robertson Dawn C , Carley Kathleen M
Published: February 2024

Social media platforms are a key ground of information consumption and dissemination. Key figures like politicians, celebrities, and activists have leveraged on its wide user base for strategic communication. Strategic communications, or StratCom, is the deliberate act of information creation and distribution. Its techniques are used by key figures for establishing brand and amplifying messages. Automated scripts are used on top of personal touches to effectively perform these tasks. The combination of automation and manual online posting creates a Cyborg social media profile, which is a hybrid between bot and human. In this study, we establish a quantitative definition for a Cyborg account, an account that is detected as bot in one time window, and identified as human in another. This definition makes use of frequent changes in bot classification labels and large differences in bot likelihood scores to identify Cyborgs. We perform a large-scale analysis across over 3.1 million users from Twitter collected from two key events, the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic and the 2020 US Elections. We extract Cyborgs from two datasets and employ tools from network science, natural language processing, and manual annotation to characterize Cyborg accounts. Our analyses identify Cyborg accounts are constructed for strategic communication uses, have a strong duality in their bot/human classification and are tactically positioned in the social media network, aiding these accounts to promote their desired content. Cyborgs are also discovered to have long online lives, indicating their ability to evade bot detectors, or the graciousness of platforms to allow their operations.
Determining design criteria for indoor positioning system projects in hospitals: A design science approach
Authors: Wichmann Johannes , Paetow Thomas , Leyer Michael , Aweno Bisrat , Sandkuhl Kurt
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Indoor navigation systems (indoor positioning systems) can improve orientation for patients in hospitals and help employees to track assets. Many hospitals would like to implement indoor positioning systems but do not know how. To support them in doing this, and to gain knowledge about the requirements for indoor positioning system implementation, our research identifies the design criteria relevant to indoor positioning system implementation projects.

Methods

A design science research process is built to design and evaluate an artifact. For this, five indoor positioning system developers and five hospital IT management representatives from various hospitals and companies in Germany are interviewed. Further, controlled experiments are conducted in Germany, using an ultrasound-based indoor positioning system.

Results

We determined and tested indoor positioning system functions, evaluated indoor positioning system performance criteria, and identified the operating conditions in hospitals. Our results show that indoor positioning system functions should provide a benefit to a hospital's daily operations, that some performance criteria are more important than others, and that operating conditions are important, e.g., radiation.

Conclusion

As a theoretical contribution, we show how design science research can be applied to the context of indoor positioning systems in hospitals. In addition, we make a practical contribution in that our propositions can be used for future indoor positioning system developments.
Patients with floaters: Answers from virtual assistants and large language models
Authors: Wu Gloria , Zhao Weichen , Wong Adrial , Lee David A
Published: February 2024

Objectives

“Floaters,” a common complaint among patients of all ages, was used as a query term because it affects 30% of all people searching for eye care. The American Academy of Ophthalmology website's “floaters” section was used as a source for questions and answers ( www.aao.org ). Floaters is a visual obstruction that moves with the movement of the eye. They can be associated with retinal detachment, which can lead to vision loss. With the advent of large language model (LLM) chatbots ChatGPT, Bard versus virtual assistants (VA), Google Assistant, and Alexa, we analyzed their responses to “floaters.”

Methods

Using AAO.org, “Public & Patients,” and its related subsection, “EyeHealth A-Z”: Floaters and Flashes link, we asked four questions: (1) What are floaters? (2) What are flashes? (3) Flashes and Migraines? (4) Floaters and Flashes Treatment? to ChatGPT, Bard, Google Assistant, and Alexa. The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) keywords were identified if they were highlighted. The “Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level” formula approved by the U.S. Department of Education, was used to evaluate the reading comprehension level for the responses.

Results

Of the chatbots and virtual assistants, Google Assistant is the only one that uses the term “ophthalmologist.” There is no mention of the urgency or emergency nature of floaters. AAO.org shows a lower reading level vs the LLMs and VA ( p = .11). The reading comprehension levels of ChatGPT, Bard, Google Assistant, and Alexa are higher (12.3, 9.7, 13.1, 8.1 grade) vs the AAO.org (7.3 grade). There is a higher word count for LLMs vs VA ( p < .0286).

Conclusion

Currently, ChatGPT, Bard, Google Assistant, and Alexa are similar. Factual information is present but all miss the urgency of the diagnosis of a retinal detachment. Translational relevance: Both the LLM and virtual assistants are free and our patients will use them to obtain “floaters” information. There may be errors of omission with ChatGPT and a lack of urgency to seek a physician's care.
Digital therapeutics in the hospital for suicide crisis – content and design recommendations from young people and hospital staff
Authors: Rheinberger Demee , Baffsky Rachel , McGillivray Lauren , Z Q Gan Daniel , Larsen Mark , Torok Michelle
Published: February 2024

Objective

Hospital emergency departments lack the resources to adequately support young people who present for suicidal crisis. Digital therapeutics could fill this service gap by providing psychological support without creating additional burden on hospital staff. However, existing research on what is needed for successful integration of digital therapeutics in hospital settings is scant. Thus, this study sought to identify key considerations for implementing digital therapeutics to manage acute suicidal distress in hospitals.

Method

Participants were 17 young people who recently presented at the hospital for suicide-related crisis, and 12 hospital staff who regularly interacted with young people experiencing mental ill-health in their day-to-day work. Interviews were conducted via videoconference. Framework analysis and reflexive thematic analysis were used to interpret the data obtained.

Results

Qualitative insights were centred around three major themes: hospital-specific content, therapeutic content, and usability. Digital therapeutics were seen as a useful means for facilitating hospital-based assessment and treatment planning, and for conducting post-discharge check-ins. Therapeutic content should be focused on helping young people self-manage suicide-related distress while they wait for in-person services. Features to promote usability, such as the availability of customisable features and the use of inclusive design or language, should be considered in the design of digital therapeutics.

Conclusions

Digital therapeutics in hospital settings need to benefit both patients and staff. Given the unique context of the hospital setting and acute nature of suicidal distress, creating specialty digital therapeutics may be more viable than integrating existing ones.
Resettlement Experiences of African Migrants in Australia
Authors: Ikafa Irene , Holmes Colin A. , Hack-Polay Dieu , Kordowicz Maria
Published: February 2024

This paper reports part of a doctoral study which investigated the resettlement experiences of African migrants in Australia ( N = 115), and focuses upon the findings of those who participated in individual face-to-face interviews ( N = 30). It examines the resettlement challenges facing African migrants in Western Australia (WA), such migration having increased in recent years. Although migrating to relatively wealthy countries such as Australia may be a cause for optimism among African migrants, the challenges associated with resettlement may have a negative effect on their well-being. The findings indicate that participants experienced a variety of resettlement challenges including separation experiences, language difficulties, parenting and cultural issues, under-employment and unemployment, financial problems, and racial discrimination. The study confirms the limited existing research, contributes to a better understanding of the major challenges affecting African migrants in Australia, and has implications for the formulation of effective policies and practices aimed at mitigating resettlement challenges.
An Investigation of the Effects of Out-of-School Learning Environments-Based Teaching on Pedagogical Belief Systems and Practices
Authors: Küçükaydın Menşure Alkış , Çopur Ersin , Altunkaynak Metin , Yıldız Bekir , Türkmenoğlu Mustafa , Ulum Hakan , Ulum Ömer Gökhan
Published: February 2024

In out-of-school-learning (OSL) environments, individuals are exposed to tasks that are not excessively difficult, and as a result, they gain experience rather than knowledge. Through the experiences that will be provided to teacher candidates, this situation can affect their pedagogical beliefs and attitudes toward classroom practices. This study investigated the impact of experiencing learner-centered processes in OSL environments on teacher candidates’ pedagogical beliefs and classroom practices attitudes. According to the findings, while teaching in OSL environments led to a change in the pedagogical beliefs of teacher candidates, it did not result in a significant shift in their attitudes toward classroom practices. In the context of research conducted on teacher candidates, it is beneficial to explore the mediating elements that may influence the relation between belief and practice. This approach may contribute to a more thorough understanding of the subject matter.
Are Patients With Segmental Cervical Kyphosis Appropriate Candidates for Cervical Disc Arthroplasty (CDA)? A Clinical and Radiographic Analysis Compared to Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF)
Authors: Abdelmalek George , Coban Daniel , Patel Neil , Changoor Stuart , Sahai Nikhil , Sinha Kumar , Hwang Ki , Emami Arash
Published: February 2024

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives

To compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) in patients with preoperative segmental kyphosis.

Methods

Patients with segmental cervical kyphosis at the operative levels undergoing 1- or 2-level ACDF or CDA from 2017 to 2020 with 2 years of follow were identified. Patient demographics, perioperative data, complication rates, radiographic findings and reported outcomes were analyzed.

Results

A total of 48 patients met inclusion criteria and were included in our study (ACDF: n = 24, CDA: n = 24). Patient demographic data between the 2 cohorts was similar expect for proportion of males (ACDF: 62.5% vs CDA: 33.3%, P = .043). There was no statistical significance in the change of segmental lordosis (ACDF: +8.09° vs CDA: +5.88°, P = .075) between the preoperative and final postoperative period. Additionally, the change in cervical lordosis was similar between groups (ACDF:+ 9.86° vs CDA: +7.60°, P = .226). VAS scores were similar between the 2 groups at every follow-up interval. NDI scores were significantly different at the 6-month, 12 month and the final follow-up. Mean improvements between preoperative and final postoperative periods were statistically superior in the CDA cohort compared to the ACDF cohort (ACDF: 22.8 vs CDA: 24.1, P = .0375).

Conclusion

CDA was superior to ACDF in regards to NDI scores following index procedure in patients with preoperative segmental cervical kyphosis. Those in the CDA cohort had similar complication rates, revision rates and radiographic outcomes as those who underwent ACDF.
Role of Topical Tranexamic Acid on Blood Loss and Transfusion Requirements in Spinal Fusion for Neuromuscular and Syndromic Scoliosis
Authors: Conde Osvaldo , Ramchandran Subaraman , Coskun Ergin , Pierce Andrew , Keshavarzi Sassan , Errico Thomas , George Stephen
Published: February 2024

Study Design

Retrospective case control study.

Objectives

To determine the role of TXA when used as topical soaked sponges (tTXA) on peri-operative blood loss and changes in hemoglobin following posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for neuromuscular and syndromic scoliosis (NMS).

Methods

A single center review of NMS patients who underwent PSF was conducted. The initial set of patients where no tTXA (control) was used were compared to consecutive NMS patients in whom tTXA was used. In the tTXA group, sponges soaked in 1g TXA in 500 mL normal saline were packed in the wound instead of dry sponges. Estimated blood loss (EBL) was calculated intraoperatively using a standard way. Pre-operative, intra-operative and immediate post-operative variables were collected and compared between the 2 groups.

Results

33 patients were included (mean age- 13.5 yrs., BMI- 21, 17 patients in tTXA and 16 patients in control group). Pre-op demographic and radiographic variables were similar between the 2 groups. EBL, EBL per level, EBVL, operative time and number of levels fused were similar in both groups. tTXA group received less intra-operative pRBC transfusion as compared to the control group (150 ± 214 vs 363 ± 186 cc, P = .004). No difference was noted in post-op blood transfusion and drain output for 3 days in both the groups. tTXA group had lesser hospital (5.1 vs 8.9 days) and ICU length of stay (2 vs 4.2 days) and fewer immediate post-operative complications (23.5 vs 52.9%) compared to the control group but not statistically significant ( P > .05).

Conclusion

Administration of tTXA-soaked sponges is an effective and safe method to reduce intraoperative blood transfusion requirements in the correction of spinal deformity in patients with NMS.
Muslim Women Against a Backdrop of 1947: Facts and Fictions
Authors: Nasreen Farhat
Published: February 2024

This article presents the stories of women who became victims of the multidimensional impact of the Partition of India in 1947. It steers through the autobiographic and fictional representations that emerged from their lives. The article argues that in the historical fabric, the socio-economic and political threads of time are so closely interwoven that it is almost impossible to study them in isolation.
Digital Maturity as a Strategy for Advancing Patient Experience in US Hospitals
Authors: Snowdon Anne , Hussein Abdulkadir , Olubisi Ajetunmobi , Wright Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Patient experience is globally recognized as an important indicator of health system performance, linked to health system quality and improving patient outcomes. Post COVID-19, health systems have embraced digital health and advanced digital transformation efforts; however, the relationship between digital health and patient experience outcomes is not well-documented. Using HCAHPS hospital survey data to measure patient experience, and HIMSS EMRAM Maturity Model data to measure digital maturity, a cross-sectional design using multivariate analyses examined the impact of digital maturity on patient experience in US hospitals. Our analysis shows that advanced digital maturity in US hospitals is associated with stronger patient experience outcomes, particularly relative to communication with nurses, doctors, and communication about medicines and therapies. The findings suggest that there are significant differences in patient experience associated with teaching versus nonteaching hospitals, urban versus rural hospitals. As hospitals advance and progress digital transformation initiatives, evidence to inform how transformation efforts can engage and advance patient experience will contribute to health system performance well into the future.
The Impact of Aromatherapy Gelatin Cold Compresses on the Concentration Level of Students in the Covid-19 Pandemic Online Class
Authors: Dewi Elvira Sari , Zakiya Fifi Afifatus , Mei Karina Wulan , Arimbawa Gusde , Evi Nurul
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Stressful circumstances presented by the Covid-19 pandemic led to reduced levels of study concentration among students, and these conditions had been linked with dopamine levels.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of aromatherapy gelatin cold compress in increasing the study concentration of students by decreasing stress levels and elevating dopamine levels during the Covid-19 pandemic online class.

Methods

The study participants consisted of 42 students, who were selected using the simple random sampling method. Subsequently, the participants were comparably divided into control and treatment groups. Compress intervention was given to the treatment group on the forehead for 10 min before studying online. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Stroop test were then used to determine stress and concentration levels of the students, respectively. The catecholamine fractionated urine was used to measure dopamine levels. Analysis was carried out using Paired T-test and Independent T-test with α = 0.05 and CI = 95%.

Results

The mean value of the VAS before and after treatment was 5.81 ± 2.48 and 5.28 ± 2.61 in the control ( p = 0.205), as well as 6.28 ± 1.62 and 4.38 ± 1.89 in the treatment group ( p = 0.000). The mean interference score of the Stroop test before and after treatment was 13.16 ± 1.05 and 13.22 ± 1.31 among the controls ( p = 0.947), while 13.35 ± 6.94 and 8.92 ± 5.91 were recorded in the treatment group ( p = 0.000). The average dopamine levels before and after the intervention were 145.50 ± 7.94 mg/mL and 146.65 ± 8.23 mg/mL creatinine among the controls ( p = 0.542), while 145.35 ± 1.03 mg/mL and 265.18 ± 1.27 mg/mL creatinine were obtained in the treatment group ( p = 0.01). Furthermore, the results showed that the creatinine levels were within the normal ranges. The Independent T-test of stress, concentration, and dopamine levels obtained p = 0.024, p = 0.010, and p = 0.090, respectively.

Conclusion

Aromatherapy gelatin cold compress was effective in increasing study concentration by decreasing stress levels and increasing dopamine levels during the Covid-19 pandemic online class.
Dorm-preneurship as Entrepreneurial Living and Learning: An Educational Design Ethnography
Authors: MacNeil Ryan T. , Ochoa Briggs Santana , Christie Alisha E. , Sheehan Connor
Published: February 2024

Entrepreneurship residence halls/dorms have been appearing on more and more campuses, especially in the United States and Canada. However, there is a very thin knowledge base on which to construct and design these expensive campus facilities/programs. Sometimes called “dormcubators,” these facilities/programs are linked to both the university business incubation (UBI) and living-learning communities (LLC) movements. As a result, the design and delivery of these hybrid spaces/programs can be oriented toward achieving economic (i.e., starting companies), social (i.e., building communities), and/or educational (i.e., entrepreneurial learning) outcomes. Prior research on other kinds of post-secondary LLCs suggests that the intended outcomes are also likely accompanied by unintended negative consequences for students and faculty. To understand how various dorm-preneurship program designs have worked in practice, this paper applies an ‘educational design ethnography’ approach to four different residential entrepreneurship programs at the University of Waterloo, Canada. The key finding is that problems arise when dorm-preneurship programs lack any link to educational/curricular outcomes and focus only on economic objectives or social ones. Four design principles are developed to guide research and development of similar programs in other contexts.
The Vail Hip Sport Test for Assessment of Functionality and Readiness to Return to Sport in the Setting of Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Philippon Marc J. , Comfort Spencer M. , Brown Jarrod M. , Fossum Brad W. , Ryan Mark
Published: February 2024

Background:

Functional testing is an important component of preoperative and postoperative assessment for hip arthroscopy regarding patient selection, management of patient expectations, and determination of readiness to return to sport.

Indications:

There is lack of consensus on timing and criteria to return to sport following hip arthroscopy, which is crucial to reduce risk of reinjury.

Technique Description:

In this technical note, we will present how to perform the Vail Hip Sport Test for evaluation of functionality in hip arthroscopy patients.

Results:

The Vail Hip Sport Test can easily be performed in the clinical setting and provides the physician and care team with information about muscular endurance, proprioception, and coordination, giving a more global picture of hip function.

Discussion/Conclusion:

The Vail Hip Sport Test alone and in combination with other diagnostic examinations can provide valuable information about initial hip function, patient prognosis, and readiness to return to sport. Future directions include investigating the reliability and validity of the Vail Hip Sport Test to assess function and readiness to return to sport and association with outcomes following hip arthroscopy.

Patient Consent Disclosure Statement:

The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.