bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DQ2, DQ7 and DQ8 Distribution and Clinical Manifestations in Celiac Cases and Their First-Degree Relatives
Authors: Araya Magdalena , Oyarzun Amaya , Lucero Yalda , Espinosa Nelly , Pérez-Bravo Francisco
Published: June 2015

HLA-linked genes are relevant to celiac disease (CD); the potential genetic differences present worldwide are not fully understood. Previous results suggest that the distribution of HLA-DQ2/DQ7/DQ8 in Chile may differ from that in Europe and North America. In celiac patients and their first-degree relatives (FDRS), we assessed their clinical, serological and histological characteristics, determined HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ7 and HLA-DQ8 alleles and genotypes, and evaluated the relations between them. A total of 222 individuals were assessed (56 cases, 166 FDRs). 16.9% of FDRs were tTG positive; 53.6% of them showed overweight/obesity and 3% undernourishment; they spontaneously declared being asymptomatic, but detailed questioning revealed that 60.7% experienced symptoms, which had not been investigated. DQ2 was present in 53.9% and 43.9.0% of cases and FDRs (p < 0.05). The most frequent genotype distribution was DQ2/DQ7 (fr 0.392 (cases) and 0.248 (FDRs), respectively, p < 0.02). The next most common genotypes were HLA-DQ2/DQ8 (fr 0.236 in FDRs and 0.176 in cases, p < 0.05). 3.92% cases were not HLA-DQ2/DQ8 carriers. Among tTG positive FDRs, 57.4%, 22.3% and 20.2% carried DQ2, DQ7 and DQ8, respectively. In cases, 72.7% of the biopsies classified Marsh ≥3 carried at least one DQ2; 91.7% of DQ2/DQ2 and 88.3% of DQ2/DQ7 were Marsh ≥3. Thus, DQ2 frequency is lower than reported; the higher frequency found for DQ8 and DQ7 concur with recent publications from Argentine and Brazil. These results suggest that although CD may manifest clinically in ways similar to those described in other populations, some genetic peculiarities in this region deserve further study.
Diagnosis of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS): The Salerno Experts’ Criteria
Authors: Catassi Carlo , Elli Luca , Bonaz Bruno , Bouma Gerd , Carroccio Antonio , Castillejo Gemma , Cellier Christophe , Cristofori Fernanda , De Magistris Laura , Dolinsek Jernej , Dieterich Walburga , Francavilla Ruggiero , Hadjivassiliou Marios , Holtmeier Wolfgang , Körner Ute , Leffler Dan , Lundin Knut , Mazzarella Giuseppe , Mulder Chris , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Rostami Kamran , Sanders David , Skodje Gry , Schuppan Detlef , Ullrich Reiner , Volta Umberto , Williams Marianne , Zevallos Victor , Zopf Yurdagül , Fasano Alessio
Published: June 2015

Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected by either celiac disease or wheat allergy. Given the lack of a NCGS biomarker, there is the need for standardizing the procedure leading to the diagnosis confirmation. In this paper we report experts’ recommendations on how the diagnostic protocol should be performed for the confirmation of NCGS. A full diagnostic procedure should assess the clinical response to the gluten-free diet (GFD) and measure the effect of a gluten challenge after a period of treatment with the GFD. The clinical evaluation is performed using a self-administered instrument incorporating a modified version of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. The patient identifies one to three main symptoms that are quantitatively assessed using a Numerical Rating Scale with a score ranging from 1 to 10. The double-blind placebo-controlled gluten challenge (8 g/day) includes a one-week challenge followed by a one-week washout of strict GFD and by the crossover to the second one-week challenge. The vehicle should contain cooked, homogeneously distributed gluten. At least a variation of 30% of one to three main symptoms between the gluten and the placebo challenge should be detected to discriminate a positive from a negative result. The guidelines provided in this paper will help the clinician to reach a firm and positive diagnosis of NCGS and facilitate the comparisons of different studies, if adopted internationally.
The Household Cooking Sector in Nigeria: Environmental and Economic Sustainability Assessment
Authors: Gujba Haruna , Mulugetta Yacob , Azapagic Adisa
Published: June 2015

This paper studies life cycle environmental impacts and costs of the household cooking sector in Nigeria from 2003 to 2030. Five scenarios are considered: business as usual, dominated by fuel wood stoves; low penetration of improved fuel wood and solar stoves, as planned by the government; high penetration of these stoves; increased use of fossil fuel stoves; and increased use of electric stoves. If business as usual (BAU) continues, the environmental impacts would increase by up to four times and costs by up to five times, mainly because of high fuel wood consumption. Implementing the government’s plan to introduce improved fuel wood and solar stoves would yield no environmental advantages, as the proposed number of stoves is too low. A higher number of the advanced stoves would lead to significant improvements in some impacts but would worsen others so that some trade-offs are needed. From the economic perspective, the scenario with a high use of advanced stoves has the lowest total costs but its capital costs are three times higher than for BAU. The government should prioritise the introduction of advanced stoves to reduce health impact from indoor pollution and reduce pressures on biomass resources; however, this may require subsidies. Fossil fuel and electric stoves would also help to preserve biomass and reduce health impacts from indoor pollution but would lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions and depletion of fossil resources.
Retrieval and Multi-scale Validation of Soil Moisture from Multi-temporal SAR Data in a Semi-Arid Tropical Region
Authors: Tomer Sat , Al Bitar Ahmad , Sekhar Muddu , Zribi Mehrez , Bandyopadhyay S. , Sreelash K. , Sharma A.K. , Corgne Samuel , Kerr Yann
Published: June 2015

The current study presents an algorithm to retrieve surface Soil Moisture (SM) from multi-temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The developed algorithm is based on the Cumulative Density Function (CDF) transformation of multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 backscatter coefficient (BC) to obtain relative SM values, and then converts relative SM values into absolute SM values using soil information. The algorithm is tested in a semi-arid tropical region in South India using 30 satellite images of RADARSAT-2, SMOS L2 SM products, and 1262 SM field measurements in 50 plots spanning over 4 years. The validation with the field data showed the ability of the developed algorithm to retrieve SM with RMSE ranging from 0.02 to 0.06 m3/m3 for the majority of plots. Comparison with the SMOS SM showed a good temporal behaviour with RMSE of approximately 0.05 m3/m3 and a correlation coefficient of approximately 0.9. The developed model is compared and found to be better than the change detection and delta index model. The approach does not require calibration of any parameter to obtain relative SM and hence can easily be extended to any region having time series of SAR data available.
De La Bastide de Beauvezet à la Verrerie entre la fin du Moyen Âge et le XVIIe siècle : artisanat du verre dans la forêt de Cadarache (Bouches-du-Rhône)
Authors: Bonnamour Gérald , Vaschalde Christophe , Tissot Mathilde
Published: June 2015

From the Bastide de Beauvezet to the Verrerie between the end of the Middle Ages and the XVIIth century, glass-works crafts in the Cadarache forest (Bouches-du-Rhône).

The project of construction of the Iter nuclear reactor, nearby the research centre of the French Atomic Energy Authority (CEA) in Cadarache, is the origin of a preventive archaeological excavations prescription at the place called the Verrerie (Saint-Paul-Lès-Durance, Bouches-du-Rhône). Carried on in December of 2007 over an area of 400 m ² , the archaeological intervention implemented by the Arkemine company, under the direction of Gérald Bonnamour, has brought to the light the built vestiges of the manor of Beauvezet and the buried vestiges of a glasshouse. In addition to the archaeological excavations, some investigations in the records have allowed to understand better the history of the estate and of the Cadarache forest but also the activities related to the woodsy resources between the Middle Ages and the modern era. A glasshouse has been active at the fortified town of Beauvezet at the end of the XVIIth century, for some ten years. This glassworks activity is documented by written sources but also by the preventive archaeology.
Does Life Satisfaction of Tourists Increase if They Set Travel Goals That Have High Positive Valence?
Authors: Kruger Stefan , Sirgy M. Joseph , Lee Dong-Jin , Yu Grace
Published: June 2015

The setting of a traveler's goals can influence the traveler's life satisfaction. The travel goal valence principle states that life satisfaction of tourists is high when their travel goals are related more to (1) intrinsic than extrinsic motives, (2) abstract than concrete desired
states, (3) growth than basic needs, (4) approach of desired states than avoidance of undesired states, (5) deprived than nondeprived needs, and (6) flow than nonflow activities. The main purpose of this study is to test the theoretical propositions stemming from the travel goal valence principle
in the context of leisure travel to a national wildlife park (Study 1) and leisure travel experienced recently (Study 2). In Study 1 a convenience sampling technique was used by means of a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 228 fully completed questionnaires were received. Study 2
made use of a web-based survey and a random sample technique was used. A total of 254 questionnaires were used in the statistical calculations of Study 2. The results from both studies indicated that traveler/tourist's life satisfaction can be increased when they have intrinsic goals, growth-based
goals, and goals related to flow activities. To enhance traveler/tourist well-being, it is recommended that marketers in the tourism industry implement programs and services guided by the goal valence model.
Développement durable, consumérisme politique et marketing « vert » : De nouvelles sources de justification du capitalisme ?
Authors: Viguier Elsie
Published: June 2015

En m’intéressant aux pratiques de détournement dans le domaine publicitaire, en recueillant aussi les discours de professionnels de la publicité et du marketing et celui de militants antipublicitaires, j’ai tenté d’interroger l’effet de la critique anticapitaliste et anticonsumériste sur les usages publicitaires et les discours justificateurs du système capitaliste. En partant de ces discours, je m’interroge sur la manière dont est justifiée, aujourd’hui, une économie basée sur l’accumulation, alors même que les discours écologistes obtiennent une légitimité et une crédibilité sans pareille mesure en Occident.
Entre économie de la fonctionnalité et monopole : la United Shoe Machinery Company dans la première moitié du XX e siècle
Authors: Miranda José A.
Published: June 2015

L’histoire de la United Shoe Machinery Company (USMC) montre que la réalité ne s’adapte pas toujours aux simplifications de la théorie. Comme le signale l’économie de la fonctionnalité, la stratégie de l’entreprise de vendre l’usage plutôt que la machine fournit plusieurs avantages importants, mais elle a également contribué au fait que les usines de chaussures subissent une véritable dépendance technologique de cette compagnie et au fait que l’USMC soit parvenue à une domination monopolistique du marché. D’autre part, en remettant en cause les rudiments généraux de la théorie économique néoclassique, cette position de monopole n’a pas empêché que l’entreprise ait un fonctionnement efficace et ait facilité la modernisation technologique de l’industrie de la chaussure, aux États-Unis et dans d’autres pays.
De l’illusion « post-mécaniste » à l’illusion « post-industrielle »
Authors: Fernandez Alexandre
Published: June 2015

L’article examine l’ illusion nourrie par certains discours sur la radicalité de l’innovation sociale dont serait porteuse l’innovation technique. Comme la diffusion généralisée du petit moteur électrique devait, en son temps, fonder le dépassement de l’univers mécanique et de la concentration usinière, la révolution informationnelle annoncerait la fin du fordisme et l’avènement de la société post -industrielle.
Retour sur la notion de « base syndicale ». Le milieu CGT des banques en tensions
Authors: Sainsaulieu Ivan
Published: June 2015

La Confédération générale du travail connaît une crise à rebondissements. Cette enquête monographique permet d’en explorer la teneur sociologique en plongeant au cœur d’une grande fédération, celle des banques et des assurances, via des entretiens et un double questionnaire, l’un en direction des salariés d’une grande banque (LCL) et l’autre en direction des adhérents de la fédération des banques. Milieu d’entreprise et milieu syndical (ou syndiqués) ne coincident pas étroitement. Malgré les particularités du secteur, on retrouve dans ce dernier un écho assez net des conflits de courants au niveau national. Peu nombreux, les militants anciens configurent à la fois les débats locaux et nationaux, fédéraux et confédéraux, et pèsent face à une direction réformatrice sans troupes ou des adhérents récents plus centrés sur le contenu de leur travail. Les uns et les autres sont dotés de soutiens relatifs auprès des salariés des banques, qui ne légitiment pas outre mesure le tournant réformateur de la centrale, se retrouvant au moins autant dans un syndicalisme classique de défense de leurs intérêts, tout en exprimant un attachement au métier peu repris syndicalement. Il en ressort la configuration de fiefs syndicaux bureaucratiques, réponse « négative » aux déficiences d’un syndicalisme peu implanté et réponse « positive » au dysfonctionnement central.
Le travailleur taylorien : une « figure » dépassée ?
Authors: Le Bon Thomas
Published: June 2015

Les discours économique et sociologique soulignent régulièrement l’originalité du type du travailleur contemporain en le distinguant du modèle taylorien. Tout en reconnaissant l’émergence d’un type de travailleur nouveau, caractérisé par sa flexibilité, l’article tente d’évaluer la portée des transformations culturelles induites par la reconfiguration de l’activité technique de travail à l’œuvre depuis le début des années 1970. Distinguant les concepts de type et de figure en rattachant le premier à la singularité technique de l’acte de travail et le second à la conscience produite par cette activité, il s’agit finalement de voir si le type du travailleur flexible ne masque pas la pérennité d’une figure ancienne, celle du travailleur taylorien. Au terme d’une analyse comparative des traits intellectuels et moraux du travailleur taylorien et du travailleur flexible, il apparaît que la métamorphose du type du travailleur s’apparente à une pseudomorphose dans la mesure où les traits fondamentaux de la figure du travailleur taylorien structurent encore la conscience du travailleur flexible.
Electronic and ICT Solutions for Smart Buildings and Urban Areas
Authors: Tamburini Luca , Rossi Maurizio , Brunelli Davide
Published: June 2015

Nowadays, residential hybrid energy systems are moving from being a pure theoretical exercise to real applications for new urban areas. The growing interest related to the needs of reducing pollution, the phasing out of fossil fuel resources and the need to safeguard the environment, have led to a large number of studies and solutions to reduce fuel consumption and to manage energy sources in a better way, leading to an innovative concept of the city where smart infrastructures are in place. In this chapter we introduce the concept of hybrid energy systems, namely buildings that can exploit both renewable energy sources and the grid. On top of it, a system manager schedules the usage of electrical appliances to minimize the electricity bill while providing peak shaving and load balancing services to utilities and service providers.
Renewable Energy Technologies, Sustainable Development, and Environment
Authors: Omer Abdeen Mustafa
Published: June 2015

The move towards a low-carbon world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives, if an acceptable stabilisation level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate changes. The chapter concludes with the technical status of the ground source heat pumps (GSHP) technologies. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, identify GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector.
Developing Sustainable Governance Systems at the Regional Level
Authors: Cadman Tim , Hume Margee , Maraseni Tek , Lopez-Casero Federico
Published: June 2015

As a consequence of the United Nations' Conference on Environment and Development in 1992, the international community has effectively redefined environmental degradation as a problem that can be addressed by means of sustainable development. In turn, this places an onus on businesses to develop practices that reflect new norms of behaviour. This chapter offers an overview of current implementation of governance systems that relate to regional sustainability programmes and firms' activities. This work offers credibility to the field of sustainability research and practice by identifying and discussing all actors in the business community and how they interact with sustainability. This chapter looks at market-based sustainability initiatives, and, from a quality of governance perspective, investigates the strengths and weaknesses of two emissions trading schemes. It concludes with a series of reflections on market-based approaches to environmental problem solving.
Interpersoonlike vergifnis in Matteus 18:15–35
Authors: Nel Marius J.
Published: June 2015

Die artikel ondersoek die omskrywing van interpersoonlike vergifnis in Matteus 18:15–35 ten einde die argument van David Konstan, naamlik dat interpersoonlike vergifnis, volgens die moderne verstaan daarvan, nie in die Ou of Nuwe Testament voorkom nie, te evalueer. Interpersoonlike vergifnis is, volgens Konstan, die hantering van ’n daad deur ’n individu wat direk en intensioneel ’n ander persoon benadeel het. Dit veronderstel twee handelende agente: ’n oortreder en ’n benadeelde wat albei die skadelike aspek van ’n daad erken en bereid is om ’n morele transformasie te ondergaan om dit reg te stel. Die artikel argumenteer dat Matteus 18:23–35 na die vergifnis van morele skuld verwys en nie, soos Konstan beweer, na die afskryf van finansiële skuld nie. Dit handel dus wel oor interpersoonlike vergifnis en word Matteuse se etiek van interpersoonlike vergifnis daardeur verbreed. Indien hierdie gedeelte in ag geneem word in die beskrywing van Matteus se etiek, wil dit voorkom asof Matteus meer elemente onderliggend aan die moderne verstaan van interpersoonlike vergifnis hanteer as wat Konstan identifiseer.Interpersonal forgiveness in Matthew 18:15–35. This article examines the description of interpersonal forgiveness in Matthew 18:15–35 in order to evaluate the argument of David Konstan that interpersonal forgiveness, according to the modern understanding thereof, does not occur in the Old or New Testament. Interpersonal forgiveness is described by Konstan as the addressing of an act by an individual, which directly and intentionally had harmed another person. It assumes two active agents: a transgressor and a victim, whom both acknowledge the harmful aspect of a specific act and who are willing to undergo a moral transformation in order to rectify the transgression. The article argues that Matthew 18:23–35 does not, as Konstan claims, refer to the remission of a financial debt, but rather to the forgiveness of moral guilt. It is thus an example of interpersonal forgiveness that expands Matthew’s ethics of interpersonal forgiveness significantly. If it is taken into consideration it appears as if the description of Matthew’s ethics encompasses more elements underlying the modern understanding of interpersonal forgiveness than have been identified by Konstan.
Matthew and the Torah in Jewish society
Authors: Viljoen Francois P.
Published: June 2015

The role of the Torah is the subject of a full-scale discussion in the first Gospel. This article investigates the socio-historical setting that produced this text with such an emphasis on Torah observance. To address these issues, the Matthean text is read against its socio-historical setting to discover issues that were prevalent in the community where the text was produced and read. The Matthean community is plotted within the Jewish religious society, focussing on therole of the Torah within this society. It is argued that the crisis of 70 CE led to a reconsideration of the correct interpretation of the Torah. The Jewish society was fragmented and this led to an urge to consolidate. During these developments the Torah was used by newly formed communities to define their norms of existence against others. In the first Gospel, the author defines his and his community’s position on the terms of specific Torah observance. The narrator assures his community of the correctness of their conviction to follow the teachings of Jesus.Matteus en die Torah in die Joodse samelewing. Die betekenis van die Torah is die onderwerp van ’n grootskaalse bespreking in die eerste Evangelie. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die sosio-historiese situasie wat aanleiding gegee het tot die ontstaan van hierdie teks wat soveel klem op die onderhouding van die Torah plaas. Om hierdie vraagstuk te ondersoek, word die Matteusteks in sy sosio-historiese konteks gelees ten einde die heersende vraagstukke in die gemeenskap waarbinne die teks ontstaan het, te identifiseer. Die Matteusgemeenskap word binne die Joodse godsdienstige gemeenskap gesitueer met die fokus op die Torah in daardie gemeenskap. Die artikel voer aan dat die krisis van 70 AE tot die herbesinning vandie korrekte interpretasie van die Torah gelei het. Die Joodse gemeenskap was gefragmenteer en dit tot ’n strewe na konsolidasie gelei. Te midde van hierdie ontwikkelings, is die Torah deur nuut-gevormde gemeenskappe gebruik om hulle eie norme van bestaan teenoor dié vanander te definieer. In die eerste Evangelie definieer die outeur sy en sy gemeenskap se posisie in terme van spesifieke Torah-onderhouding. Die verteller verseker sy gemeenskap van die korrektheid van hulle oortuigings om die leringe van Jesus na te volg.
Trying for better circumstances (Zama Zama): Exploring ubuntu amongst marginalised women in an informal settlement
Authors: Kruidenier Retha
Published: June 2015

This article explores possible experiences of ubuntu in the Zama Zama informal settlement. Postfoundational practical theology and the narrative approach function as paradigm and methodology. Themes and/or discourses like poverty, violence, xenophobia and the role of the local church were identified, but ubuntu is not always visible as a lived reality amongst the members of the community. The church is an exception. Women play a leading role in the congregation and it is in the church where ubuntu values are visible and experienced.
Qualitative University Education and the Problem of Underfunding In Nigeria
Authors: Chinyere Amini-Philps , Goodluck Wordu
Published: June 2015

The issue of underfunding of university education in Nigeria is a recurring one and cannot be glossed over. Under funding is viewed as bane of qualitative university education in Nigeria. This paper highlights the trend in establishment and funding of universities nothing that funding of education has remained one of the most challenging problems of universities and the government. It described the concept of quality education, how quality education is perceived in the Nigeria context and various ways in which underfunding has impinged on the quality of university education. It concluded that underfunding has became a recurring have not been sincere in their commitment towards university education. A number of recommendations to ameliorate the situation were made amongst which are: that the government and political class should muster enough political-will and allocate at least 26% of the total budget to university education as suggested by UNESCO, use of the find allocated to the universities should be closely monitored to forestall misappropriation, allowances paid to political office holders should be received downwards as this would make more money available in government offers and that money accruing from such exercise should be channelled towards providing state-of-the-art laboratories in universities, faith based organizations be made to contribute to universities funding by paying a stipulated percentage of their income to government to augment university funding.
Do rational agents make the same heuristic errors as laymen? Experimental evidence manipulating rationality
Authors: Piccoli Pedro Ribiero , Francisco Eliane Cristine , Souza Alceu , Silva Wesley Vieira da
Published: June 2015

Prospect Theory revealed that when resorting to certain psychological biases, individuals violate the expected utility in situations involving risk. Later studies replicated the seminal experiment conducted by Kahneman and Tversky (1979), demonstrating that these biases also involve more rational individuals, with the parameters of rationality being set by different proxies such as academic level, knowledge concerning the decision-making process or capital markets experience. The aim of this article was to conduct a deeper analysis of heuristic errors committed by such individuals by directly manipulating the rationality variable for the experimental group, exposing it to the Expected Utility Theory before applying the questionnaire. The results show that there was no significant divergence between the answers given by the experimental group and the control group. Both made the same heuristic errors, corroborating the assumptions of Prospect Theory.
A configuração da imagem de esquadrias de alumínio e de PVC
Authors: De Toni Deonir , Dalberto Mikael , Milan Gabriel Sperandio
Published: June 2015

Product images as a set of functional, cognitive, symbolic and emotional representations constitute a determining factor in the purchasing consumer process. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the aluminum and PVC frames image configuration to consumers, and to identify differences in attributes perceptions to users of these products. From 40 in-depth individuals interviews with engineers, architects, constructors and users of products, it were identified the key attributes that forming the images and how they are organized with respect to their central images and constituent dimensions. Also a survey was conducted with 145 aluminum frames’ users and 120 PVC frames’ users, confirming the attributes and what their differences on consumer perceptions. The results show that aluminum frames’ users have a more favorable perception regarding the attributes presented, the perceived value and the general satisfaction with the product. Frames being a relevant element in a property choosing, the study provides important evidences for better targeting  strategic actions for the sector.
ISO 25964 : pour le développement, la gestion et l’interopérabilité des langages documentaires
Authors: Hudon Michèle
Published: June 2015

Description du contexte au sein duquel la norme ISO 25964 Thésaurus et interopérabilité avec les autres vocabulaires a été conçue et élaborée. Présentation de la structure de la norme. Évocation de l’impact potentiel de cette norme sur l’interopérabilité sémantique des systèmes et sur la recherche d’information.
Le Web 2.0 dans les bibliothèques : vers un nouveau modèle de service
Authors: Bachisse Houda , Dufour Christine
Published: June 2015

Cet article introduit le concept du Web 2.0 pour définir celui de « bibliothèque 2.0 ». Il suggère que les réflexions récentes sur l’évolution de l’offre de service des bibliothèques passent par une connaissance des technologies et de la philosophie qui sous-tendent le Web 2.0. L’objectif d’une telle démarche est d’explorer de nouvelles approches de fonctionnement des bibliothèques qui coïncident avec les nouvelles approches de recherche et d’appropriation de l’information des usagers. Les technologies comme les blogues, les sites Wikis, les fils RSS ou encore les outils de réseautage sociaux jouent un rôle important dans cette évolution de prestation de service. Notre exploration passera entre autres par la présentation d’une nouvelle conceptualisation du fonctionnement des bibliothèques où les notions de co-création, de service évolutif et d’interdépendance constituent les maîtres mots, voire l’échafaudage d’une bibliothèque « écosystème ». En se basant sur la notion de co-création, nous étudierons la place de l’utilisateur dans cet « écosystème » ainsi que les changements à effectuer tant du point de vue des usages, de l’organisation que des missions.
Éveil à la lecture et à l’écriture dans les services de garde en milieu scolaire : engagement et ouverture face aux livres
Authors: Myre-Bisaillon Julie , Chalifoux Annie , Lapointe-Garant Marie-Pierre , Dionne Carmen , Rodrigue Anne
Published: June 2015

Le présent article traite de l’éveil à la lecture et à l’écriture (ÉLÉ). À travers un programme d’ÉLÉ dans les services de garde en milieu scolaire (SGMS) conçu et expérimenté pendant une année auprès d’enfants de maternelle, cette recherche consiste à présenter les résultats des effets de ce programme quant à l’engagement et à l’ouverture que les enfants manifestent lors de l’activité d’éveil. Plus spécifiquement, nous comparons des groupes de milieux défavorisés et favorisés à l’entrée en classe maternelle et à la fin de l’année scolaire. Certains enfants ayant été exposés aux activités du programme ÉLÉ-SGMS et d’autres non (N total = 556). Les analyses quantitatives effectuées permettent de penser que le programme d’ÉLÉ a eu des effets significatifs sur l’engagement et l’ouverture face aux livres auprès de la population exposée au programme par rapport à celle non exposée.
Esclavitud, libertad y devoción religiosa en Popayán. El santo Ecce Homo y el mundo de la vida de Juan Antonio de Velasco, 1650-1700
Authors: Jiménez Meneses Orián
Published: June 2015

This article analyzes the genesis and consolidation of devotion to the holy Ecce Homo in the city of Popayán —located in the New Kingdom of Granada— during the second half of the 17th century. It explores the influence of this mystical experience in crystalizing the city’s religious feasts and the cultural nuances that permeated this particular invocation. It also describes the relationship of interdependence between the liberty of the free black man Juan Antonio de Velasco and other merchants, slaves, artisans, and the devout public in stabilizing this particular form of worship of the holy one. At the same time that it specifically traces the “life world” of the founder and confrere of the tradition, it calls attention to the imprint he made on this religious ritual in Popayán, “the white city.” In addition to these social factors, it also shows the influence that the generalized natural crisis of the 17th century had on the emergence of new brotherhoods, rogation days and forms of devotion.
Rasgos burocráticos en las reformas administrativas en el Chile de la década de 1880
Authors: Traverso Diego Barría
Published: June 2015

In the 1880s, Chile experienced important changes in different social spheres that questioned the operating efficiency of state institutions. In order to cope with these difficulties, a broad process of administrative reform was initiated, especially with respect to the adoption of bureaucracy as the way to design public administration. In this regard, the article analyzes the organizational design of a series of institutions so as to evaluate how the characteristics of said system were adopted in Chilean public administration. Based on the study of different documents, it concludes that a series of bureaucratic characteristics —functional division, formal rules and specialization — were adopted for the purpose of overcoming the operational difficulties experienced throughout the decade.
O léxico na história do paisagismo no Nordeste do Brasil (XIX-XX)
Authors: De Figueirôa Silva Aline
Published: June 2015

This article explores the history of landscaping in northeastern Brazil, undertaking a case study of the public gardens projected or constructed in the coastal cities of Recife, Fortaleza, and Joao Pessoa in the 19th and 20th centuries. The corresponding lexicon is adopted as the main category of analysis here, since it includes different designations for the places mentioned, which in turn — by including both their official and their popular names — are related to the functional and morphological attributes, the surrounding buildings, and the recurrence of political events crystalized in urban toponymy. Hence, it presents an original approach, which is expected to generate new interpretations regarding the history of Brazilian landscaping.
Nacionalismo e antiliberalismo em Portugal. Uma visão histórico-política (1820-1940)
Authors: Castro Leal Ernesto
Published: June 2015

This article will attempt to analyze important moments in the thought and action of anti-liberal Portuguese nationalism between 1820 —the Liberal Revolution— and 1940 —the height of the anti-liberal authoritarianism of the “Estado Novo”—. This ideological field incorporated a diversity of thinkers, from different currents of civic opinion and political groups, that are analyzed here from a historical perspective that combines the history of ideas and political history. It is shown how the anti-liberal nationalist political culture in Portugal was characterized by an outstanding predominance of thinkers and of French counter-revolutionary political groups, as well as by conservative Catholic indoctrination.
La experiencia de la modernidad como una experiencia barroca
Authors: Díaz Freire José Javier
Published: June 2015

This article proposes that the experience of modernity is a baroque experience, which implies that the relationship between human beings and the world is presided over by stages of acute instability. Hence, in the first place, it characterizes the experience of the 17th century, putting it in relation to the events that ocurred in the “intellectual cosmos” as a result of the scientific revolution, and that are summed up in the affirmation of a concept of time and space as homogeneous and infinite. In the one and the same experience.
Three‐dimensional test particle simulation of the 17–18 March 2013 CME shock‐driven storm
Authors: Li Zhao , Hudson Mary , Kress Brian , Paral Jan
Published: June 2015

Three‐dimensional test particle simulation of energetic electrons (hundreds of keV to MeV), including both an initially trapped population and continuously injected population, driven by the Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry global MHD model coupled with Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Coupler/Solver boundary conditions, is performed for the 17 March 2013 storm. The electron trajectories are calculated and weighted using the ESA model for electron flux versus energy and L. The simulation captures the flux dropout at both GOES 13 and GOES 15 locations after a strong CME (coronal mass ejection)‐shock arrival which produced a Dst = −132 nT storm, and recovery to the prestorm value later, consistent with GOES satellite measurements. This study provides the first 3‐D test particle simulation combining the trapped and injected populations. The result demonstrates that including both populations in the simulation is essential to study the dynamics of the outer radiation belt over the typical day‐long timescale of ring current development, main phase, and early recovery phase.
Postseismic GRACE and GPS observations indicate a rheology contrast above and below the Sumatra slab
Authors: Broerse Taco , Riva Riccardo , Simons Wim , Govers Rob , Vermeersen Bert
Published: June 2015

More than 7 years of observations of postseismic relaxation after the 2004 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake provide an improving view on the deformation in the wide vicinity of the 2004 rupture. We include both Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity field data that show a large postseismic signal over the rupture area and GPS observations in the back arc region. With increasing time GPS and GRACE show contrasting relaxation styles that were not easily discernible on shorter time series. We investigate whether mantle creep can simultaneously explain the far‐field surface displacements and the long‐wavelength gravity changes. We interpret contrasts in the temporal behavior of the GPS‐GRACE observations in terms of lateral variations in rheological properties of the asthenosphere below and above the slab. Based on 1‐D viscoelastic models, our results support an (almost) order of magnitude contrast between oceanic lithosphere viscosity and continental viscosity, which likely means that the low viscosities frequently found from postseismic deformation after subduction earthquakes are valid only for the mantle wedge. Next to mantle creep, we also consider afterslip as an alternative mechanism for postseismic deformation. We investigate how the combination of GRACE and GPS data can better discriminate between different mechanisms of postseismic relaxation: distributed deformation (mantle creep) versus localized deformation (afterslip). We conclude that the GRACE‐observed gravity changes rule out afterslip as the dominant mechanism explaining long‐wavelength deformation even over the first year after the event.
Cross‐cultural Studies of Personality Development
Authors: Terracciano Antonio
Published: June 2015

The maturational processes that shape personality development are likely to be guided by a combination of biological, environmental, and social factors. Cross‐cultural studies can test to what extent these factors contribute to personality development given that people grow up in environmental and social contexts that vary greatly across nations. Yet, a growing body of research indicates that the pattern of personality development is remarkably similar across cultures. In most samples from every continent, older adults are generally more emotionally stable, introverted, close‐minded, agreeable, and conscientious than adolescents and younger adults. Although some cross‐cultural differences are found, it is still uncertain whether these differences are reliable. Even stereotypical beliefs about the personality of adolescents and older adults are similar across cultures, albeit these stereotypes exaggerate the actual age differences. Future research could benefit from longitudinal studies in more diverse samples, especially from Arabic, African, and Asian cultures.
Equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of Pd(II) adsorption onto poly(m‐aminobenzoic acid) chelating polymer
Authors: Mildan Elif , Gülfen Mustafa
Published: June 2015

This study describes the equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the palladium(II) (Pd(II)) adsorption onto poly(m‐aminobenzoic acid) (p‐mABA) chelating polymer. The p‐mABA was synthesized by the oxidation reaction of m‐aminobenzoic acid monomer with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). The synthesized p‐mABA chelating polymer was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermal analysis, potentiometric titration, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis methods. The effects of the acidity, temperature, and initial Pd(II) concentration on the adsorption were examined by using batch adsorption technique. The optimum acidity for the Pd(II) adsorption was determined as pH 2. In the equilibrium studies, it was found that the Pd(II) adsorption capacity of the polymer was to be 24.21 mg/g and the adsorption data fitted better to the Langmuir isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm. The kinetics of the adsorption fitted to pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. In the thermodynamic evaluation of the adsorption, the ΔG° values were calculated as −16.98 and −22.26 kJ/mol at 25–55°C temperatures. The enthalpy (ΔH°), entropy (ΔS°), and the activation energy (Ea) were found as 35.40 kJ/mol, 176.05 J/mol K, and 61.71 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption of Pd(II) ions onto p‐mABA was a spontaneous, endothermic, and chemical adsorption process which is governed by both ionic interaction and chelating mechanisms. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42533.
Novel magnetic polyamic hydrazide nanocomposite: Preparation, characterization, and application for the removal of cd2+ and pb2+ from industrial wastes
Authors: Zargoosh Kiomars , Habibi Hossein , Abdolmaleki Amir , Firouz Kourosh
Published: June 2015

In this work, a novel polymer polyamic hydrazide (PAH) was synthesized via the reaction of terephthalohydrazide with pyromelitic dianhydride. The obtained PAH was characterized with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Finally, a novel magnetic nanocomposite was prepared by immobilization of PAH on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles in water. The prepared magnetic nanocomposite was successfully used for selective removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions from industrial wastes and the effects of affecting parameters on the adsorption capacity of the magnetic nanocomposite adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+ and Cd2+ from model aqueous solutions were investigated. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were found to be 138.9 and 103.1 mg g−1, respectively. The kinetics and mechanism of the adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ on the surface of the prepared nanocomposite were studied and it was found that complex formation between active sites of the surface of the nanocomposite and metal ions is the possible mechanism for adsorption of metal cations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42538.
Preparation and characterization of octadecane/polyurea nanocapsule‐embedded poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers
Authors: Kook Jun‐Won , Cho Wonseok , Koh Won‐Gun , Cheong In Woo , Kim Jung Hyun
Published: June 2015

This article describes the preparation and characterization of latent heat storage poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibers (LHS‐PEO nanofibers) with octadecane/polyurea (PCM/PU) nanocapsules. PCM/PU nanocapsules were prepared by interfacial polycondensation from toluene 2,4‐diisocyanate and ethylene diamine in a resin‐fortified emulsion system. LHS‐PEO nanofibers were prepared using an electrospinning procedure with varying PCM/PU nanocapsules content, i.e., from 0 to 8 wt %. The PCM/PU nanocapsules were polydisperse with an average diameter of 200 nm. The melting and freezing temperatures were determined as 23.7 and 28.2°C, respectively, and the corresponding latent heats were determined as 123.4 and 124.1 kJ kg−1, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of the PCM/PU nanocapsules was 78.1%. The latent heat capacity of the LHS‐PEO nanofibers increased as the PCM/PU nanocapsules content increased. Defects, such as holes and disconnection of the nanofibers, were observed, particularly inside the LHS‐PEO nanofibers. For packaging applications, mats were fabricated from the nanocapsules‐embedded nanofibers with varying nanocapsule content and the mats’ surface temperatures were monitored with a thermal imaging camera. The results proved the feasibility of using the LHS‐PEO nanofibers for thermal energy storage and functional packaging materials. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42539.
Crystallization and melting behavior of partially miscible six‐armed poly(l‐lactic acid)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) blends
Authors: Jiang Ni , Abe Hideki
Published: June 2015

The crystallization kinetics and spherulitic morphology of six‐armed poly(L‐lactic acid) (6a‐PLLA)/poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co−3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) crystalline/crystalline partially miscible blends were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy in this study. Avrami analysis was used to describe the isothermal crystallization process of the neat polymers and their blends. The results suggest that blending had a complex influence on the crystallization rate of the two components during the isothermal crystallization process. Also, the crystallization mechanism of these blends was different from that of the neat polymers. The melting behavior of these blends was also studied after crystallization at various crystallization temperatures. The crystallization of PHBV at 125°C was difficult, so no melting peaks were found. However, it was interesting to find a weak melting peak, which arose from the PHBV component for the 20/80 6a‐PLLA/PHBV blend after crystallization at 125°C, and it is discussed in detail. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42548.
Influence of new thermoplastic sizing agents on the mechanical behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone)/carbon fiber composites
Authors: Giraud Isabelle , Franceschi Sophie , Perez Emile , Lacabanne Colette , Dantras Eric
Published: June 2015

In this study, unidirectional poly(ether ether ketone)/carbon fiber (CF) composite sheets were elaborated with unsized, epoxy‐sized, and thermoplastic‐sized CFs by hot‐press molding. The thermoplastic sizings that we used were poly(ether imide) (PEI) and poly(ether ketone ketone) oligomer aqueous dispersions. Scanning electron microscopy observation of the composites freeze fractures showed that unlike unsized or epoxy‐sized CFs, the thermoplastic sizings improved the interaction between the fibers and the matrix. A comparative study of the mechanical relaxations by dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out on the different composites before and after immersion in kerosene. At low temperature, the PEI sizing had a significant influence on the β relaxation, particularly after kerosene immersion. The thermoplastic sizings did not modify the glass‐transition temperature but improved the kerosene resistance on the composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2015,132, 42550.
Association of long‐term tacrolimus (FK506) therapy with abnormal megakaryocytosis, bone marrow fibrosis, and dyserythropoiesis
Authors: Yang Zhongbo , Loew Thomas , Hammer Richard D.
Published: June 2015

Key Clinical Message

Haematopoietic abnormalities associated with tacrolimus are relatively rare with reversible pure red cell aplasia being the most common. We report for the first time, to our best knowledge, tacrolimus therapy associated with bone marrow fibrosis, abnormal megakaryocytosis, and dyserythopoiesis in a 17‐year‐old male treated with tacrolimus for nephrotic syndrome.
Selective Aromatic Hydroxylation with Dioxygen and Simple Copper Imine Complexes
Authors: Becker Jonathan , Gupta Puneet , Angersbach Friedrich , Tuczek Felix , Näther Christian , Holthausen Max C. , Schindler Siegfried
Published: June 2015

The formation of a bis(μ‐oxido)dicopper complex with the ligand 2‐(diethylaminoethyl)‐6‐phenylpyridine (PPN) and its subsequent hydroxylation of the pendant phenyl group (studied earlier by Holland et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.­ 1999, 38, 1139–1142) has been reinvestigated to gain a better understanding of such systems in view of the development of new synthetic applications. To this end, we prepared a simple copper imine complex system that also affords selective o‐hydroxylation of aromatic aldehydes by using dioxygen as the oxidant: Applying the ligand N′‐benzylidene‐N,N‐diethylethylenediamine (BDED), salicylaldehyde was prepared in good yields and we show that this reaction also occurs through an intermediate bis‐μ‐oxido copper complex. The underlying reaction mechanism for the PPN‐supported complex was studied at the BLYP‐D/TZVP level of density functional theory and the results for representative stationary points along reaction paths of the BDED‐supported complex reveal a closely related mechanistic scenario. The results demonstrate a new facile synthetic way to introduce OH groups into aromatic aldehydes.