bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amy Carlson, Reading Mediated Life Narratives: Auto/Biographical Agency in the Book, Museum, Social Media, and Archives
Authors: Nikitenko Iana
Published: October 2024

In Reading Mediated Life Narratives: Auto/Biographical Agency in the Book, Museum, Social Media, and Archives, Amy Carlson, leveraging her background as a librarian, delves into the nuanced mediations influencing life narratives, with keen awareness of (im)materiality, (re)formatting, text versions, and the reading experience. Expanding upon Anna Poletti’s insights, Carlson highlights the critical importance of both materiality and mediation in the analysis of (self-)life inscriptions. She emphasizes embodiment as a pivotal concern in life writing scholarship, stressing the significance of understanding auto/biographical texts as objects. By delving into Sarah Kember and Joanna Zylinska’s concept of ‘original technicity’ (2012), which asserts that humans have always relied on external technologies to navigate life, Carlson articulates how human experiences are inherently mediated.
The problem of vaping among the young population
Authors: Lapshina I. S. , Tsybikova E. B. , Elistratov E. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to study the prevalence of vaping and its negative impact on the health of young people.Materials and methods: a sociological study was conducted using a voluntary anonymous survey of 430 1st–6th year students of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kaluga State University n. a. K.E. Tsiolkovsky” aged 17 to 54 years.Results: there were 102 smoking respondents (23.7%) and 328 (76.3%) non-smokers. The average age of smoking initiation was 18.2±0.4 years. The distribution by type of smoking was as follows: vaping with nicotine liquids 46%, regular nicotine cigarettes 28.5%, heated tobacco systems (sticks) 9.8%, vaping with nicotine-free liquids 6.9% and other types of smoking 8.8%. The majority of vapers surveyed, 64.8% (35 people), develop complaints (signs of lung injury associated with vaping) during or after vaping. It was found that significantly more often women noted signs of injury associated with vaping (77.2% versus 22.8% in men, p=0.0036).Conclusions: the results of the study showed that vaping is the most popular form of smoking among young people, which poses a serious threat to the health of young people.
Features of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries in patients with myocardial infarction and concomitant newly diagnosed hypothyroidism
Authors: Gridneva Yu. Yu. , Chesnikova A. I. , Khripun A. V. , Safronenko V. A. , Pashchenko E. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to assess the incidence of newly diagnosed subclinical and manifest hypothyroidism in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and to identify angiographic features of coronary artery lesions in this combined pathology.Materials and methods: in all patients with STEMI, the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was determined, and thyroid function was assessed if the TSH level deviated from the norm. Stage I of the study included 441 patients, stage II included 133 patients with STEMI. Depending on the presence of newly diagnosed hypothyroidism, patients were divided into 3 groups: 1st — patients without hypothyroidism (n = 57), 2A group — with subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 42) and 2B group — with manifest hypothyroidism (n = 34). All patients underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention.Results: newly diagnosed hypothyroidism occurred in 27.44% of patients with STEMI: subclinical — in 19.73%, manifest — in 7.7% of cases. Patients with concomitant overt hypothyroidism had significantly more severe atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries compared to patients without hypothyroidism.Conclusion: a high incidence of newly diagnosed hypothyroidism in patients with STEMI was established (27.44% of cases). Multivessel coronary lesions were recorded more often in patients with overt hypothyroidism than in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and without hypothyroidism.
Experience in treating apical pelvic organ prolapse in women using mesh implants
Authors: Boldyreva Yu. A. , Tskhay V. B. , Polstyanoy A. M. , Polstyanaya O. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the results of surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse using mesh implants.Materials and methods: experience in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse using mesh implants on the basis of the Federal Siberian Scientific and Clinical Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia is presented. The features of the surgical technique for performing laparoscopic sacropexy and pectopexy, the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques, as well as the results obtained after surgery are considered.Results: during the period from 2016 to 2022, 567 surgical interventions using mesh implants were performed at the gynecology department. The effectiveness of POP correction using laparoscopic access reached 93.4% (p< 0.001). The recurrence rate of apical prolapse was 6.6% (p< 0.001). 20% of patients experienced constipation after sacropexy (p< 0.001), which was not observed after pectopexy. The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence de novo after laparoscopic sacropexy was 4.1%; this complication was not diagnosed after pectopexy. 37.4% of patients who underwent laparoscopic sacropexy reported dyspareunia, whereas 6.1% of women who underwent pectopexy had dyspareunia (p< 0.001). Also, in 0.64% of cases after urethropexy, a complication such as erosion of the vaginal wall was recorded (p< 0.001).Conclusions: laparoscopic sacropexy and pectopexy are effective methods of surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse, and pectopexy has a number of advantages compared to sacropexy.
Predictors of unfavorable neurological outcomes in premature children: a modern view on the problem
Authors: Pavlinova E. B. , Savchenko O. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to assess the prognostic significance of antibodies to the NR2 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor and brain natriuretic propeptide (NTproBNP) as predictors of unfavorable neurological outcomes in premature children.Materials and methods: A prospective cohort continuous study included 151 premature children, with a gestational age (GA) of 26–32 weeks and a body weight of 590–1990 gr. The children were measured the quantitation of NTproBNP level in the cord blood and level of antibodies to the NR2 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor in the blood serum on the 21st day of life. The division of children into groups was carried out in accordance with the assessment of neurological outcomes at control points of the research: 1 control point — at the time of discharge from the hospital, 2 control point — at the age of 1 year of corrected age (CA), 3 control point — 4 years of life.Results: in the course of the study, it was found a “cascade” increase in the cohort of children with unfavorable neurological outcomes from 36.4% at the time of discharge from the hospital to 70% by the age of 4 years. High values of NT-proBNP level in cord blood and antibodies to the NR2 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor were established on 21st day of postnatal life in children with both macrostructural brain damages in the neonatal period and having an unfavorable neurological outcome at the age of 1 year of corrected age (CA) and at 4 years of life.Conclusion: modern neurochemical markers of CNS damages N-proBNP and antibodies to the NR2 subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor open up the possibilities of early diagnosis of brain damages at the cellular level and the start of neuroprotective therapy to reduce neurological disability.
Assessment of modifiable risk factors and vascular wall stiffness in young people
Authors: Arutyunyan L. V. , Pirozhenko A. A. , Drobotya N. V. , Kaltukova V. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to study the characteristics of vascular stiffness in young people, taking into account the presence of the main modifiable risk factors (FR) for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Materials and methods: a survey was conducted of 38 practically healthy young people (18 boys, 20 girls) — university students, whose average age was 19.8±1.45 years. By filling in the modified diagnostic charts, the subjects assessed the presence of the main behavioral CVD disorders. Volumetric sphygmography on the VaSera-1000 device (Fukuda Denschi, Japan) was used to assess the stiffness of the main vessels and blood pressure (BP) levels in the basins of the upper and lower extremities. Results: in the examined individuals, despite their young age and the documented absence of cardio-vascular pathology, all the main cardiovascular diseases were revealed: an increased body mass index (BMI≥25 kg/m2), smoking, psychosocial factors, sedentary lifestyle, unbalanced diet, alcohol consumption, which were present in various combinations. Vascular stiffness indices — the cardio-ankle index and the biological age of the vessels — were within the normal range, while the ankle-shoulder index was reduced in 24% of the students. Conclusion: the results obtained indicate the need for primary prevention of CVD by lifestyle modification, even in young people, since the FR detected in them and the tendency to change vascular stiffness indicators can subsequently act as triggers for the early onset of diseases of the circulatory system
Features of early remodeling of the left heart in patients with acute myocardial infarction and concomitant hypothyroidism
Authors: Gridneva Yu. Yu. , Chesnikova A. I. , Khripun A. V. , Safronenko V. A. , Pashchenko E. V. , Churkina M. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the features of structural and functional remodeling of the left heart during hospitalization in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and concomitant newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. Materials and methods: the study included 133 patients with STEMI aged 40 to 88 years admitted to the Rostov Regional Clinical Hospital. All patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the newly diagnosed hypothyroidism: Group 1 (control) included patients with STEMI without hypothyroidism syndrome (n=57), Group 2A — patients with STEMI and subclinical hypothyroidism (n=42) and Group 2B — patients with STEMI and manifest hypothyroidism (n=34). Patient data, clinical symptoms, information on complications in the acute period of myocardial infarction, echocardiographic examination results were entered into a specially developed questionnaire. Results: patients with STEMI of all groups were found to have increased values of indexed LV ESV and LVM, decreased values ​​of indicators characterizing myocardial contractility, as well as the presence of stage I LVDD. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were found to have statistically significantly higher values ​​of the indexed LA volume than patients without hypothyroidism. The peculiarities of structural and functional remodeling of the heart in the presence of overt hypothyroidism include significantly higher linear and volumetric parameters of the LA (ILP and IOLP), a greater decrease in the contractility of the LV myocardium (lower values of SV, SI and IOC), a more pronounced impairment of diastolic properties of the myocardium (lower DT value) compared to the control group. Conclusion: in patients with STEMI and concomitant overt hypothyroidism, more pronounced remodeling of the left heart in conditions of acute myocardial injury (larger size and volume of the LA, more pronounced impairment of systolic and diastolic function of the LV).
Analysis of the results of optical coherence tomography to assess the effectiveness and safety of implantable bioresorbable stenting frames in the long term
Authors: Malevannyy M. V. , Hripun A. V. , Strokov D. S. , Tadieva E. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of implantation of everolimus-coated bioabsorbable vascular scaffolds (BSCs) based on the results of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with coronary artery disease who have previously undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Materials and methods: OCT data from 23 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were studied 10 years or more after intervention with BVS implantation. Standard criteria based on OCT analysis were used to evaluate the efficacy of BVS. The stented segment, proximal zone before the stent, and distal zone after the stent were the areas of interest. Results: in the long-term period, the structure of the artery in the area of the installed biodegradable scaffolds is a combination of fragments of an atherosclerotic plaque, a resorbed scaffold, and neointima. When visualized using coherence tomography, this structure appears as a monolayer with high signal intensity. In 42.3% of patients, structures similar to fragments of the stenting frame were visualized, but smaller in size, with a disconnected structure, without clear contours and the absence of a typical shape. In 15.4% of cases, pronounced positive remodeling of the coronary artery in the area of the installation of the bioresorbable frame was noted. Conclusions: analysis of coherence tomography data showed that the use of biodegradable frames is effective and safe, the process of degradation of the frames occurs with an increase in diameter in the stented zone and the formation of a protective monolayer, while maintaining the patency of all side branches in the implantation zone.
Prevalence and perspective directions for correction of behavioral risk factors of cardiovascular diseases associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity in young people
Authors: Zimakova E. I. , Orlova I. A. , Begrambekova Yu. L.
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. According to statistics from the American Heart Association (AHA), the prevalence of CVD among young people aged 20–39 years varies: 14.2% men, 9.7% women. Behavioral risk factors for CVD, in other words those related to lifestyle, include sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, overweight and obesity, and depression. These risk factors are modifiable and therefore there is great potential for reducing CVD risk through primary or secondary prevention. Young people are the most perspective group for primary prevention, since young people may be more susceptible to information influence. In addition to young people's awareness of CVD risk factors, the initial level of young people's readiness to make lifestyle changes plays a key role in reducing the risk of developing CVD.
Long-term results of various ways to eliminate neurovascular conflict in patients with classical trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Balyazina E. V. , Afanasyeva A. V. , Balyazin V. A. , Kadyan N. G. , Balyazin-Parfenov I. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to study the long-term results of the treatment of classical trigeminal neuralgia, depending on the method of eliminating neurovascular conflict. Material and methods: the study is based on the study of long-term results of treatment of classical trigeminal neuralgia in 261 patients who underwent microvascular decompression using various techniques to eliminate neurovascular conflict by processing archival medical histories, results of outpatient examinations and telephone interviews of patients. Results: the best long-term results were in patients for whom the elimination of neurovascular conflict was performed by moving the loop of the conflicting artery to a conflict-free position with its confinement in a muff-like microprotector. Conclusion: Prevention of the resumption of neurovascular conflict in the postoperative long-term period by enclosing the conflicting artery in a microprotector moved to a conflict-free position provides the best long-term results with less colic of the disease.
Clinical cases of aortic dissection with a “pneumonic mask”
Authors: Lakotka T. G. , Karnialiuk D. G. , Yarashenka A. N. , Larionova I. N.
Published: October 2024

The descriptions of two cases of aortic dissection with an atypical picture, erroneously regarded as a pulmonary pathology, are presented. A thorough analysis of the clinical picture and the timely use of imaging diagnostic methods made it possible to establish the correct diagnosis and select presented.
Clinical observation of a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2a
Authors: Kuzmenko N. A. , Khripun I. A. , Vorobyev S. V. , Gemidzhe E. E. , Kolikova K. M.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the clinical observation of a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2A, characterized by a combination of pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid cancer and hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands. The features of diagnostics of this disease, preoperative preparation, as well as principles of observation for several years after surgical treatment are described. In addition, data on the features of diagnostic search and tactics of management of family members with this syndrome are provided.
Effects of Nano Silver and Indole Butyric Acid Application on Growth and Some Physiological Characteristics on Hardwood Cutting of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb
Authors: Albarzinji Ikbal Muhammedgharib , Swara Bahra Jabar
Published: October 2024

Nanosilver (NS) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) can improve cutting performance and subsequent growth. This study was performed in Taqtaq city in a randomized complete block design to study the effects of NS (30, 60, and 90 mg/L) and IBA (50, 100, and 200 mg/L) in addition to distilled water as a control on growth and some characteristics of hardwood cutting of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Application of IBA enhanced significantly buds sprouting, where the cutting treated with 50 mg/L IBA sprouted after 35.53 days. IBA at 200 mg/L increased plant leaf area significantly to 204.11 dm2 in comparison to the control cuttings (122.00 dm2). Furthermore, IBA at 50 and 200 mg/L increased the number of leaves to 194.66 and 193.00 leaves/plant, compared to control cuttings (158 leaves/plant). The lowest peroxidase activity (902.00 and 903.30 absorbing units/ g fresh leaves) was observed in the cuttings soaked in 30 and 60 mg/L NS, respectively. Both NS and IBA had a significant effect on macro and microelements in the shoot except Mg and Fe. The shoot content of elements was different in response to NS and IBA applications, whereas the high level of IBA decreased significantly K content (25.80 %) it increased significantly the shoot content of Zn (0.22%). However the lowest concentration of NS (30 mg/L) decreased significantly the Cu content (0.02 %) and increased significantly the shoot content of Mn (0.58%). Root response to NS and IBA also was different, where 90 mg/L NS increased significantly each of K (26.40%) and Zn content (0.68 %), whereas it decreased significantly the root content of Fe (8.78%). The enhancement effects of IBA were more than that of NS on most studied characteristics.
Unlocking the Potential of Secondary Data for Public Health Research: Retrospective Study With a Novel Clinical Platform
Authors: Gundler Christopher , Gottfried Karl , Wiederhold Alexander Johannes , Ataian Maximilian , Wurlitzer Marcus , Gewehr Jan Erik , Ückert Frank
Published: October 2024

Background

Clinical routine data derived from university hospitals hold immense value for health-related research on large cohorts. However, using secondary data for hypothesis testing necessitates adherence to scientific, legal (such as the General Data Protection Regulation, federal and state protection legislations), technical, and administrative requirements. This process is intricate, time-consuming, and susceptible to errors.

Objective

This study aims to develop a platform that enables clinicians to use current real-world data for testing research and evaluate advantages and limitations at a large university medical center (542,944 patients in 2022).

Methods

We identified requirements from clinical practitioners, conceptualized and implemented a platform based on the existing components, and assessed its applicability in clinical reality quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results

The proposed platform was established at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and made 639 forms encompassing 10,629 data elements accessible to all resident scientists and clinicians. Every day, the number of patients rises, and parts of their electronic health records are made accessible through the platform. Qualitatively, we were able to conduct a retrospective analysis of Parkinson disease over 777 patients, where we provide additional evidence for a significantly higher proportion of action tremors in patients with rest tremors (340/777, 43.8%) compared with those without rest tremors (255/777, 32.8%), as determined by a chi-square test (P<.001). Quantitatively, our findings demonstrate increased user engagement within the last 90 days, underscoring clinicians’ increasing adoption of the platform in their regular research activities. Notably, the platform facilitated the retrieval of clinical data from 600,000 patients, emphasizing its substantial added value.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the feasibility of simplifying the use of clinical data to enhance exploration and sustainability in scientific research. The proposed platform emerges as a potential technological and legal framework for other medical centers, providing them with the means to unlock untapped potential within their routine data.
Associations Between Acute COVID-19 Symptom Profiles and Long COVID Prevalence: Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hirschtick Jana L , Slocum Elizabeth , Xie Yanmei , Power Laura E , Elliott Michael R , Orellana Robert C , Fleischer Nancy L
Published: October 2024

Background

Growing evidence suggests that severe acute COVID-19 illness increases the risk of long COVID (also known as post–COVID-19 condition). However, few studies have examined associations between acute symptoms and long COVID onset.

Objective

This study aimed to examine associations between acute COVID-19 symptom profiles and long COVID prevalence using a population-based sample.

Methods

We used a dual mode (phone and web-based) population-based probability survey of adults with polymerase chain reaction–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 between June 2020 and May 2022 in the Michigan Disease Surveillance System to examine (1) how acute COVID-19 symptoms cluster together using latent class analysis, (2) sociodemographic and clinical predictors of symptom clusters using multinomial logistic regression accounting for classification uncertainties, and (3) associations between symptom clusters and long COVID prevalence using modified Poisson regression.

Results

In our sample (n=4169), 15.9% (n=693) had long COVID, defined as new or worsening symptoms at least 90 days post SARS-CoV-2 infection. We identified 6 acute COVID-19 symptom clusters resulting from the latent class analysis, with flu-like symptoms (24.7%) and fever (23.6%) being the most prevalent in our sample, followed by nasal congestion (16.4%), multi-symptomatic (14.5%), predominance of fatigue (10.8%), and predominance of shortness of breath (10%) clusters. Long COVID prevalence was highest in the multi-symptomatic (39.7%) and predominance of shortness of breath (22.4%) clusters, followed by the flu-like symptom (15.8%), predominance of fatigue (14.5%), fever (6.4%), and nasal congestion (5.6%) clusters. After adjustment, females (vs males) had greater odds of membership in the multi-symptomatic, flu-like symptom, and predominance of fatigue clusters, while adults who were Hispanic or another race or ethnicity (vs non-Hispanic White) had greater odds of membership in the multi-symptomatic cluster. Compared with the nasal congestion cluster, the multi-symptomatic cluster had the highest prevalence of long COVID (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 6.1, 95% CI 4.3‐8.7), followed by the predominance of shortness of breath (aPR 3.7, 95% CI 2.5‐5.5), flu-like symptom (aPR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9‐4.0), and predominance of fatigue (aPR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5‐3.3) clusters.

Conclusions

Researchers and clinicians should consider acute COVID-19 symptom profiles when evaluating subsequent risk of long COVID, including potential mechanistic pathways in a research context, and proactively screen high-risk patients during the provision of clinical care.
Disambiguating Clinical Abbreviations by One-to-All Classification: Algorithm Development and Validation Study
Authors: Sung Sheng-Feng , Hu Ya-Han , Chen Chong-Yan
Published: October 2024

Background

Electronic medical records store extensive patient data and serve as a comprehensive repository, including textual medical records like surgical and imaging reports. Their utility in clinical decision support systems is substantial, but the widespread use of ambiguous and unstandardized abbreviations in clinical documents poses challenges for natural language processing in clinical decision support systems. Efficient abbreviation disambiguation methods are needed for effective information extraction.

Objective

This study aims to enhance the one-to-all (OTA) framework for clinical abbreviation expansion, which uses a single model to predict multiple abbreviation meanings. The objective is to improve OTA by developing context-candidate pairs and optimizing word embeddings in Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers (BERT), evaluating the model’s efficacy in expanding clinical abbreviations using real data.

Methods

Three datasets were used: Medical Subject Headings Word Sense Disambiguation, University of Minnesota, and Chia-Yi Christian Hospital from Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital. Texts containing polysemous abbreviations were preprocessed and formatted for BERT. The study involved fine-tuning pretrained models, ClinicalBERT and BlueBERT, generating dataset pairs for training and testing based on Huang et al’s method.

Results

BlueBERT achieved macro- and microaccuracies of 95.41% and 95.16%, respectively, on the Medical Subject Headings Word Sense Disambiguation dataset. It improved macroaccuracy by 0.54%‐1.53% compared to two baselines, long short-term memory and deepBioWSD with random embedding. On the University of Minnesota dataset, BlueBERT recorded macro- and microaccuracies of 98.40% and 98.22%, respectively. Against the baselines of Word2Vec + support vector machine and BioWordVec + support vector machine, BlueBERT demonstrated a macroaccuracy improvement of 2.61%‐4.13%.

Conclusions

This research preliminarily validated the effectiveness of the OTA method for abbreviation disambiguation in medical texts, demonstrating the potential to enhance both clinical staff efficiency and research effectiveness.
Enhancing Mixed Reality Simulation Training Technology With Real-Time Performance Visualization: Mixed Methods Study With Medical First Responders
Authors: Zechner Olivia , Schrom-Feiertag Helmut , Wespi Rafael , Pretolesi Daniele , Nguyen Quynh , Tscheligi Manfred
Published: October 2024

Background

Mixed reality (MR) simulation training is emerging in paramedical education as a way to practice responding to stress-intensive scenarios like mass casualty incidents in a safe and controlled environment. Current training platforms, however, lack real-time stress and human performance monitoring tools.

Objective

The study aims to enhance MR training for medical first responders through real-time evaluation of performance and stress levels, leveraging biosignal monitoring and advanced analytics to allow instructors to tailor feedback and maintain optimal challenge and safety levels.

Methods

The study includes a structured, multiphase approach including initial requirement gathering (structured interviews and cocreation workshops), an online design survey, iterative prototype development, and a field trial (including training observations and interviews). Data were collected from 5 end user consortium members across Europe. Quantitative data from checklists were analyzed using frequencies and percentages to understand feature usage and event occurrences. Qualitative data from semistructured interviews and cocreation workshops were transcribed, coded, and subjected to thematic analysis to identify patterns and insights into the usability and effectiveness of the enhanced features in the MR training.

Results

The study identified a number of requirements that medical first responders have for an MR training system, including requirements not included in currently available solutions. A total of 80 performance metrics were initially identified and refined to a set of 54 metrics, which were categorized into key performance indicator groups such as scene safety, triage performance, and communication. Requirements for smart wearables to monitor stress levels are provided and highlight the importance of a user-centered design process to provide users with effective tools that fit their needs. Stress visualization preferences are described in the form of a dashboard as well as in virtual environments surrounding the avatar. Using an iterative design process and user feedback, a training system was developed, integrating real-time performance tracking and stress monitoring. The field trial provided insights into the practical use of these features during a real training exercise, showed interaction preferences between trainer and trainees, and highlighted further improvement opportunities.

Conclusions

This research enhances MR training for paramedics by integrating real-time performance metrics and stress indicators based on a human-centered design approach that aligns with end user needs, thereby laying the foundation for developing more effective and immersive training solutions for high-stress professions.
Addressing Information Biases Within Electronic Health Record Data to Improve the Examination of Epidemiologic Associations With Diabetes Prevalence Among Young Adults: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Conderino Sarah , Anthopolos Rebecca , Albrecht Sandra S , Farley Shannon M , Divers Jasmin , Titus Andrea R , Thorpe Lorna E
Published: October 2024

Background

Electronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly used for epidemiologic research to advance public health practice. However, key variables are susceptible to missing data or misclassification within EHRs, including demographic information or disease status, which could affect the estimation of disease prevalence or risk factor associations.

Objective

In this paper, we applied methods from the literature on missing data and causal inference to assess whether we could mitigate information biases when estimating measures of association between potential risk factors and diabetes among a patient population of New York City young adults.

Methods

We estimated the odds ratio (OR) for diabetes by race or ethnicity and asthma status using EHR data from NYU Langone Health. Methods from the missing data and causal inference literature were then applied to assess the ability to control for misclassification of health outcomes in the EHR data. We compared EHR-based associations with associations observed from 2 national health surveys, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, representing traditional public health surveillance systems.

Results

Observed EHR-based associations between race or ethnicity and diabetes were comparable to health survey-based estimates, but the association between asthma and diabetes was significantly overestimated (OREHR 3.01, 95% CI 2.86-3.18 vs ORBRFSS 1.23, 95% CI 1.09-1.40). Missing data and causal inference methods reduced information biases in these estimates, yielding relative differences from traditional estimates below 50% (ORMissingData 1.79, 95% CI 1.67-1.92 and ORCausal 1.42, 95% CI 1.34-1.51).

Conclusions

Findings suggest that without bias adjustment, EHR analyses may yield biased measures of association, driven in part by subgroup differences in health care use. However, applying missing data or causal inference frameworks can help control for and, importantly, characterize residual information biases in these estimates.
A Pathological Diagnosis Method for Fever of Unknown Origin Based on Multipath Hierarchical Classification: Model Design and Validation
Authors: Du Jianchao , Ding Junyao , Wu Yuan , Chen Tianyan , Lian Jianqi , Shi Lei , Zhou Yun
Published: October 2024

Background

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a significant challenge for the medical community due to its association with a wide range of diseases, the complexity of diagnosis, and the likelihood of misdiagnosis. Machine learning can extract valuable information from the extensive data of patient indicators, aiding doctors in diagnosing the underlying cause of FUO.

Objective

The study aims to design a multipath hierarchical classification algorithm to diagnose FUO due to the hierarchical structure of the etiology of FUO. In addition, to improve the diagnostic performance of the model, a mechanism for feature selection is added to the model.

Methods

The case data of patients with FUO admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between 2011 and 2020 in China were used as the dataset for model training and validation. The hierarchical structure tree was then characterized according to etiology. The structure included 3 layers, with the top layer representing the FUO, the middle layer dividing the FUO into 5 categories of etiology (bacterial infection, viral infection, other infection, autoimmune diseases, and other noninfection), and the last layer further refining them to 16 etiologies. Finally, ablation experiments were set to determine the optimal structure of the proposed method, and comparison experiments were to verify the diagnostic performance.

Results

According to ablation experiments, the model achieved the best performance with an accuracy of 76.08% when the number of middle paths was 3%, and 25% of the features were selected. According to comparison experiments, the proposed model outperformed the comparison methods, both from the perspective of feature selection methods and hierarchical classification methods. Specifically, brucellosis had an accuracy of 100%, and liver abscess, viral infection, and lymphoma all had an accuracy of more than 80%.

Conclusions

In this study, a novel multipath feature selection and hierarchical classification model was designed for the diagnosis of FUO and was adequately evaluated quantitatively. Despite some limitations, this model enriches the exploration of FUO in machine learning and assists physicians in their work.
Hollow Fiber Hemodialysis Imprinted Membrane Based on Eugenol for Human Blood Filter
Authors: Djunaidi Muhammad Cholid , Maharani Nesti Dwi , Pardoyo Pardoyo , Raharjo Yanuardi
Published: October 2024

Kidney failure is a kidney function disorder that occurs in more than 90.00% of people in the world, especially in developing countries. In 2013, around 12.50% of the 25 million population experienced kidney failure and 78.00% had to undergo dialysis for life. In this research, a hemodialysis method was developed, namely molecularly imprinted membrane (MIM), which has high selectivity for urea molecules with high binding capacity using a membrane in the form of hollow fiber. Variations in research use urea transport concentrations such as 50, 200, and 300 ppm. The analysis using UV-vis spectrophotometry on HFHIM with a solution mixture of 50 ppm showed that the receiving phase by the membrane was 70.48% urea, 12.97% creatinine, and 9.42% vitamin B12. Meanwhile, the feed phase is 28.25% urea, 85.41% creatinine and 88.64% vitamin B12. When using HFHNIM, the receiving phase is urea 44.78%, creatinine 58.51%, and vitamin B12 31.00%. Meanwhile, the feed phase is 54.55% urea, 40.57% creatinine, 68.29% vitamin B12. The selectivity of HFHIM for urea is better than creatinine and vitamin B12 compared to HFHNIM, in the order of selectivity urea > creatinine > vitamin B12.
Detection of Lard in Animal Fat Mixtures Using ATR-FTIR Fingerprint and SPME-GC/MS-Based Volatilomics
Authors: Putri Silmiyah , Budi Faleh Setia , Suseno Sugeng Heri , Heryani Heryani , Ramadhan Muhamad Fauzi , Regiyana Yane , Yuliana Nancy Dewi
Published: October 2024

This study aims to detect the presence of lard in several halal animal fats (beef, chicken, and goat fat) based on their infrared fingerprint and volatile compound profile (volatilomics). A mixture of fat samples obtained from halal animals and lard at different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80%, v/v) were subjected to attenuated total reflection-Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) analysis, respectively. The data was processed using orthogonal projection to the least square–discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that ATR-FTIR could only identify the presence of lard in chicken fat up to the lowest concentration used in this study (10%) but failed in other fat samples. SPME-GC/MS detected the presence of lard in all animal fats up to the lowest concentration added (10%). The results of this study revealed that the volatilomics technique had more potential to be developed as a basis for the rapid detection of halal and non-halal animal fat than the infrared fingerprint. This study also emphasized that markers of non-halal animal fats can be different when the same fats are added to different food products.
Facile Creating a Hierarchical and Hydrophobic Fe-Co/LZSM-5 Catalyst for the Oxidative Desulfurization Process
Authors: Adhani Lisa , Susanto Bambang Heru , Nasikin Mohammad
Published: October 2024

This research involved top-down dealumination and steam treatment methods to design the hierarchical pores of ZSM-5, which is then wet-impregnated with a Fe-Co. This method overcomes the steric barrier that hinders the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process and makes the catalyst hydrophobic, thereby allowing it to overcome the biphasic hindrance caused by the difference in polarity between the fuel oil and the oxidant. Characterization of the catalyst's properties based on BET and BJH, XRF, and contact angle, as well as testing its performance on DBT model oil in n-hexadecane and Indonesian commercial diesel were conducted. Simulation of the reaction energy profile using density functional theory calculations was also carried out to deepen insight into the mechanism of the reaction. Results of this study show that the catalyst has excellent catalytic reactivity in the long-chain hydrocarbon ODS process, with a TOF number of 183 h−1.
Novel Benzothiazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Anticancer Activity, Density Function Theory (DFT) Study, and ADMET Prediction
Authors: Abbas Layla Jasim , Hussein Kawkab Ali
Published: October 2024

Benzothiazole is an amazing small molecule involved in many applications in industrial and pharmaceutical industries to prepare many candidate compounds as effective drugs. In this study, we presented some derivatives of this compound that were prepared easily and quickly with the help of microwaves to minimize time, energy, and finances. The compounds’ cytotoxicity against the two cell lines SK-GT-4 and AMGM5 was examined. The cytotoxic effect of each compound at different concentrations was measured using the MTT assay. Compounds exhibited no potent cytotoxic effects toward the SK-GT-4 cell line. Compounds B1 and B2 had a high IC50 value and good growth inhibition activity against the AMGM5 cell line. According to in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion analysis (ADME) prediction studies, the compounds B1, B2, and B3 met Lipinski and were drug-like in most physicochemical parameters. Despite some violations, generally favorable pharmacokinetic properties. It is also assumed that it can potentially become a drug candidate in the future. Various electronic parameters were examined using DFT/WB97XD/6-31++G(d,p), and studies were conducted to support the experimental findings. To estimate the binding modes of compounds B1 and B5, we also performed in silico molecular docking studies.
Hidup Bersama Sampah: Pemaknaan Nilai Sampah dan Cara Hidup Pekerja TPS Dinoyo, Kota Malang
Authors: Indraswari Anjani Audita
Published: October 2024

Pekerja sampah di TPS Dinoyo, kota Malang, harus bertahan hidup di antara himpitan tekanan ekonomi dan lingkungan kerja atas pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari. Tekanan ekonomi dapat dihasilkan dari situasi seperti meningkatnya kebutuhan harga komoditas pangan, hingga tiadanya pemenuhan hak kerja para pekerja sampah sebagai pekerja informal. Bertahannya mereka pada pekerjaan pengelolaan sampah membuat saya mengajukan pertanyaan, bagaimana cara pekerja sampah bertahan hidup di tengah tekanan ekonomi dan lingkungan kerja di sekelilingnya. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan tersebut, saya mengusahakan riset ini dari sisi pemilahan sampah sebagai cara untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi dengan mengolaborasikan beberapa metode observasi-partisipasi, penulisan catatan lapangan, wawancara mendalam, serta pencarian sumber dokumentasi dan arsip. Dengan mengajukan teori sampah serta penelusuran soal pemilahan sampah, hasil penelitian ini kemudian menunjukkan bahwa ada keterlibatan yang penting antara sampah yang dikelola dan cara bertahan hidup para pekerja sampah dari entitas yang dikelolanya.
Ekaristi Daring untuk Orang Muda Katolik di Paroki Santa Maria Fatima Banyumanik
Authors: Priambada Yulius Brahmantya
Published: October 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 menjadi pengalaman penting bagi manusia modern bahwapenyebaran penyakit secara global mampu merubah struktur relasi komunal daripraktik sosial beragama. Studi ini menaruh perhatian pada perubahan relasi manusia dalam melakukan ritual keagamaan yang mulanya dilakukan dengan interaksi tatap-muka lantas berubah dengan perantara siaran digital. Melalui keterlibatan dalam aktivitas komunitas Orang Muda Katolik (OMK) di paroki Santa Maria Fatima, Banyumanik, Jawa Tengah, saya mengajukan pertanyaan: bagaimana persekutuan keagamaan yang merupakan bagian dari partisipasi sosial, berubah menjadi situasi siaran digital yang memiliki keterbatasan interaksi? Dengan meminjam definisi Rappaport (1999) yang menjelaskan bahwa ritual merupakan bagian atas adanya penampilanan berargumen , saya menganalisis temuan dari penelitian dini menunjukkan bahwa pemaknaan komunitas OMK terhadap Ekaristi daring mengalami ambivalensi. Saya menggarisbawahi bahwa pengalaman personal dalam relasi beragama OMK Santa Maria Fatimatelah berubah selama pendemi Covid-19 dan memunculkan kehadiran “penampilan daring” sebagai fungsi pemersatu komunitas secara baru.
Mengembalikan Martabat Walang Sangit: Kajian Etnoekologi Pangan di Desa Sindukarto, Wonogiri
Authors: Umami Fety Hikmatul
Published: October 2024

Walang sangit sering dianggap sebagai serangga yang mengganggu keseimbangan proses pertanian padi dan menurunkan produktivitas padi. Tindakan yang dilakukan petani di Sindukarto dalam upaya mengurangi populasi walang sangit yaitu dengan melakukan penangkapan walang sangit untuk diolah menjadi makanan. Artikel ini akan membahas pengetahuan lokal petani Sindukarto mengenai pengolahan walang sangit menjadi makanan lokal. Artikel ini akan membahas 1) upaya pengendalian walang sangit di Desa Sindukarto; 2) proses pengolahan dan penyajian walang sangit; 3) alasan petani Sindukarto mengonsumsi walang sangit; dan 4) pandangan petani Sindukarto terhadap keberadaan walang sangit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnoekologi untuk melihat sejauh mana kearifan lokal petani dapat membantu mengatasi suatu masalah yang ada di lingkungan sekitar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi literatur, observasi partisipatif, dan wawancara. Analisis data yang dipilih yaitu analisis domain dan analisis taksonomi (Spradley 1997, 139). Artikel ini menggarisbawahi bahwa upaya tersebut merupakan kearifan lokal petani (local wisdom) dalam memanfaatkan walang sangit yang merugikan petani menjadi alternatif pangan lokal.
IN SILICO ANALYSIS OF AN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE REGENERATIVE REHABILITATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IMPLANTATION AND THEIR MECHANICAL STIMULATION
Authors: Poliakov Aleksandr , Pakhaliuk Vladimir
Published: October 2024

One of the most important tasks of modern medicine is the development of effective technologies for the treatment of joint diseases caused by damage to the articular cartilage. The results of experimental studies and a number of successful clinical practices indicate that its solution can be found within the framework of a new medical direction - regenerative rehabilitation, which synergistically combines the methods of regenerative and rehabilitation medicine. In particular, regenerative rehabilitation of articular cartilage defects involves the use of cellular technologies, the effectiveness of which is enhanced by mechanical stimulation of chondrogenic cells, which accelerates their proliferation, differentiation, and formation of an extracellular matrix. The simulation results indicate that its outcome depends not only on a set of parameters determined by the state of the tissue in the defect aria, but also on their combination.One of the main goals of this work is to find the best combination of parameter values that are practically achievable in the process of articular cartilage regenerative rehabilitation using cellular technologies and mechanical stimulation of cells. Its solution is based on the study of a regenerative tissue rehabilitation mathematical model, the state parameters set of which is determined by the Sobol-Statnikov method, based on a systematic study of the parameter space uniformly distributed in a multidimensional cube. The practical significance of the results of the work lies in the fact that they can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanical stimulation various methods of articular cartilage defects in the process of regenerative rehabilitation.
MODELING OSTEOCYTE UNDER SHOCK-WAVE THERAPEUTIC LOADING
Authors: Smolin Alexey , Eremina Galina
Published: October 2024

Dental implants have substantial significance in modern dentistry, but their osseointegration stage remains the most crucial and time-consuming step for compensating for a lost tooth. One promising approach to improve osseointegration rates is the use of extracorporeal shock wave therapy, which has shown efficacy in treating fractures, bone defects, and bone tissue regeneration in surgical and arthroplasty procedures. To comprehend the potential of shock wave therapy in accelerating implant osseointegration, it is crucial to investigate the influence of mechanical loading on ossification processes of varying scales objectively. This study aims to study numerically the effects of low-energy shock wave therapy at different intensities on the mechanical response of a single osteocyte, the principal bone cell that corresponds to microscale of bone tissue. The investigation employs the method of movable cellular automata for modeling. The computer simulation results and analysis based on mechanobiological principles indicate that low-intensity shock wave loading creates conditions for intramembranous ossification, whereas high-intensity shock wave exposure creates conditions for endochondral ossification.