bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Latest trends in cancer clinical trials using genomics
Authors: Ryu Hyewon
Published: December 2023

Background: Recent advances in molecular biology and genomics have revolutionized the understanding of the intricate molecular underpinnings of cancer. Next-generation sequencing analysis now allows identification of specific actionable genetic alterations. This breakthrough has paved the way for precision medicine in oncology, redefining the conventional clinical trial landscape and enabling personalized approaches to cancer treatment.Current Concepts: The shift toward precision medicine involves a fundamental departure from the traditional Phases 1–4 clinical trial protocols. Instead of using uniform treatment pathways, personalized therapies are designed based on the genetic profiles of individual patients. Tumor-agnostic clinical trials are becoming as a prominent concept, encompassing innovative adaptive designs that adapt treatments to specific genetic variations. Master protocols such as umbrella studies, basket trials, platform studies, and master observational trials exemplify this transformation.Discussion and Conclusion: International precision medicine research is characterized by exemplar studies such as the NCI-MATCH study in the United States, the Drug Rediscovery Protocol study in the Netherlands, and the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry study in the United States. Korean oncology research also contributed to the international effort in precision medicine through initiatives like K-MASTER and the Korean Precision Medicine Networking Group, which is making commendable contributions to the global precision medicine movements.
El Congreso Pedagógico Nacional como revancha histórica: la participación de la Iglesia Católica desde la voz de un grupo de mujeres católicas (Provincia de Buenos Aires, 1984-1988)
Authors: Vuksinic Natalia , Méndez Jorgelina
Published: December 2023

A 40 años de la recuperación de la democracia en nuestro país, el presente artículo se propone indagar un proceso fundamental para pensar la educación argentina en estas últimas décadas: el Congreso Pedagógico Nacional (1984-1988). El mismo se analiza desde la intervención de la Iglesia Católica en el debate, privilegiando una mirada desde abajo, a partir de indagar elementos subjetivos de quienes actúan en su nombre. Para ello, las fuentes relevantes de la realización del Congreso, como la convocatoria, documentos, debates, normativas, informes jurisdiccionales, entrevistas, se articularon con el relato oral de una comunidad de mujeres católicas que participó de él a través de diversos roles institucionales. Recuperar sus intervenciones en las instancias locales, regionales y provinciales permite visualizarlas como espacios clave en los que la Iglesia ―en tensión con otros actores― logró hegemonizar el debate con una fuerte representatividad en la asamblea final, obligando al gobierno a negociar y moderar posiciones. Esta convocatoria se convirtió así en una oportunidad de revancha histórica para participar frente a la experiencia frustrada de 1882, sin embargo, también debió emplear una estrategia frente a las diferencias internas que se plasmaron en una disputa interjurisdiccional en materia educativa. Si bien el Congreso Pedagógico Nacional (CPN) no logró encauzar la participación, la pluralidad o la democratización, trazó una línea de continuidad entre debates previos y posteriores y sentó las bases de una discusión que tomó estado público, colocando a la educación en un lugar central, lugar que a 40 años de recuperación de la democracia merecemos resignificar y profundizar.
Kulak Burun Boğaz ve Baş Boyun Cerrahisinde Farklı Ufuklar
Authors: Ataş Ahmet , Vural Alperen , Demir Atakan , Batıoğlu Karaaltın Ayşegül , Bahar Yılmaz Begüm , Aliyeva Chinara , Çakan Doğan , Karaman Emin , Gözen Tan Emine Deniz , Kara Eyyüp , Tevetoğlu Fırat , Cansız Harun , Ahmet Özdoğan Hasan , Murat Yener Haydar , Aslıyürek Hızır , Aydın Kübra , Fatih Evcimik Muhammed , Deniz Rışvan , Yılar Selma , Hülya Çapar Serpil , Kara Peker Sinem , Elkhatroushi Taha , Zeki Yılmaz Yetkin , Dilek Gülmez Züleyha , Burak Erdur Zülküf
Published: December 2023

Yeni ufuklar, insanlığın keşfetme ve öğrenme arzusunun sonucu olarak ortaya çıkar. İnsanların merak duygusu ve bilgiye olan açlığı, onları bilinmeyene doğru ilerlemeye, sınırları zorlamaya ve yeni keşifler yapmaya yönlendirir. Bu keşifler, insanların düşüncelerini genişletir, dünyayı daha iyi anlamalarını sağlar ve yaşamlarını dönüştürür. Tıp bilimi, insan sağlığını korumak, hastalıkları teşhis etmek ve tedavi etmek için sürekli olarak ilerlemektedir. Bu ilerlemeler de tıp literatüründe yeni ufukların açılmasını sağlamakta ve her geçen gün yeni teknolojilerin ve araştırmaların yardımıyla daha da ileriye gitmektedir. Bu kitapta, bu ilerlemeleri okuyuculara aktararak, Kulak Burun Boğaz alanında gerçekleşen yenilikleri ve bunların insan sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerini derinlemesine incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. ‘Kulak Burun Boğaz ve Baş Boyun Cerrahisinde Farklı Ufuklar’ Kitabı, alanında önde gelen doktorlar, araştırmacılar ve bilim insanları tarafından sağlanan bilgileri içermekte ve bu uzmanların deneyimlerini ve bilgilerini okuyuculara aktararak, tıp alanında gerçekleşen yenilikleri anlaşılabilir bir şekilde sunmayı hedeflemektedir. Kitap, sadece tıp profesyonellerine değil, aynı zamanda genel okuyuculara da hitap etmektedir. Sağlığına önem veren herkes, tıp alanındaki gelişmeleri takip etmek ve daha bilinçli kararlar alabilmek için bu kitaptan faydalanabilir. Kitap aynı zamanda, Kulak Burun Boğaz Hastalıklarıyla mücadele eden bireyler için bir rehber niteliği taşımaktadır. Yeni tedavi yöntemleri, cerrahi teknikler ve rehabilitasyon süreçleri hakkında geniş bir bilgi sunarak, okuyucuların bu alanda daha bilinçli kararlar almasına yardımcı olacaktır. Yeni Ufuklar, Kulak Burun Boğaz alanında yapılan son araştırmaları ve keşifleri derinlemesine inceleyerek okuyuculara bu alandaki yeni ufukları göstermeyi ve okuyucuları tıbbın sınırlarını zorlamaya teşvik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Özetle bu eser; Yeni ufuklara açılan bu yolculukları anlatırken, okuyucuları da bu maceraya davet etmektedir
Koklear İmplant Uygulamasında Güncel Gelişmeler
Authors: Yılar Selma , Karaman Emin
Published: December 2023

Bu bölümde ileri ve çok ileri derecede işitme kayıplarında uygulanan koklear implant teknolojindeki güncel gelişmeler farklı yaş gruplarında (bebek, çocuk ve geriatrik popülasyonda) ve farklı patolojilerde (unilateral işitme kaybı, genetik işitme kayıpları ve işitsel nöropati) ele alınmıştır
Tonsillektomide Farklı Yaklaşımlar
Authors: Bahar Yılmaz Begüm
Published: December 2023

Tonsillektomi Dünya çapında en sık uygulanan cerrahi işlemlerden birisidir. Güncel kılavuzlar cerrahi yöntemden ziyade cerrahi endikasyonlar üzerine yoğunlaştığından belirlenmiş bir altın standart metod bulunmamaktadır. Yapılan literatür çalışmalarının standart olmaması, her birinde değerlendirilen parametrelerin de farklı oluşu da tekniklerin birbirlerine olan avantaj ve dezavantajlarını karşılaştırmak konusunda eksik kalabilmektedir. Yapılan derlemeler, meta-analizler şunu göstermektedir ki hiçbir teknik bir diğerine bariz şekilde üstün değildir. Burada yeni bir metodun cerrahlar tarafından tasarlanması, geliştirilmesi, öğrenilmesi ve rutinde uygulanması için de geçecek olan süre ve bunun için ayırılması gereken kaynaklar da yorum yapılmadan önce göz önünde bulundurulması gereken parametrelerdir. Teknoloji gelişmeye devam ettikçe yeni teknikler ortaya çıkacak ve denenmeye devam edilecektir. Fakat şu anki bilgi birikimi ile söylenebilecek olan bir yöntemin bir diğerine olan üstünlüğünün henüz kanıtlanamamış olmasıdır.
Implementasi Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Meningkatkan Citra Lembaga di Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Al Kamal Blitar
Authors: Hasan Abdur Rosyid , Binti Maunah
Published: December 2023

Sumber daya manusia merupakan unsur utama dalam sebuah organisasi, tidak terkecuali dalam dunia pesantren. Oleh karena itu, sumber daya manusia perlu dikembangkan agar kualitas sumber daya manusia senantiasa meningkat demi keberlangsungan lembaga. Artikel ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan pengembangan sumber daya manusia di lingkungan pesantren dan pentingnya pengembangan sumber daya manusia bagi pesantren. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus yaitu di Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Al Kamal Blitar, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan analisis data ditemukan beberapa hasil diantaranya: 1) Pengembangan sumber daya manusia di Lembaga Pengembangan Bahasa Asing dilakukan dengan pembinaan dan pelatihan terhadap tutor bahasa yang diberikan langsung oleh ketua atau mengundang pemateri yang kompeten, untuk mengawasi jalannya kelas bahasa, disediakan grup whatsapp yang berfungsi sebagai jurnal mengajar. 2) Pengembangan ini penting dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tutor yang akan mengajarkan bahasa kepada para santri dan untuk melestarikan bahasa asing sebagai program identitas lembaga yang dapat menunjukkan citra positif pesantren melalui output yang dihasilkan.
IMPLEMENTASI AMANAT AGUNG BERDASARKAN INJIL MATIUS 28:18-20 BAGI PEMUDA KRISTEN DI GEREJA KEMAH INJIL INDONESIA
Authors: Toher Urbanus , Daliman Muner , Natal Hestyn , Ming David
Published: December 2023

Setiap pengikut Tuhan Yesus diperintahkan oleh Amanat Agung untuk pergi dan menjadikan pengikut Yesus di setiap bangsa. Penginjilan berdasarkan mandat adalah apa yang dimaksud dengan hal ini. Namun, banyak gereja atau pengikut Tuhan yang tidak berkomitmen untuk melaksanakan mandat penginjilan, yaitu rencana Tuhan untuk memimpin semua orang agar beriman kepada Yesus. Bahkan ketika membahas penginjilan, tampaknya ini merupakan upaya yang sulit dan tidak menyenangkan; telah terbukti bahwa khotbah atau seminar injili tidak diterima dengan baik; bahkan ada yang berpendapat bahwa penginjilan semata-mata merupakan tanggung jawab para pendeta dan anggota pendeta lainnya. Esai ini bertujuan untuk memperjelas pentingnya Amanat Agung dalam kaitannya dengan partisipasi umat Kristiani dalam upaya perintisan gereja baru. Penulis menulis prosa deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik ini. Tujuan dari makalah ini adalah untuk: Pertama, menekankan nilai penginjilan di gereja-gereja lokal; Kedua, tekankan pentingnya keterlibatan setiap orang percaya dalam pendirian gereja baru; dan Ketiga, mendorong setiap pemuda untuk memiliki visi yang jelas untuk selalu konsisten di gereja GKI Indonesia
PEMAHAMAN TENTANG MAKNA KETAATAN BERIBADAH BERDASARKAN IBRANI 10:22-25
Authors: Laana Darwis Lodowich , Wang Suryowati
Published: December 2023

Ibadah adalah hak istimewa bagi orang percaya, yang mana Yesus sendiri sebagai pengantar antara manusia dan Allah. Ketaatan ibadah adalah sebuah keharusan sebagai ungkapan syukur dan kepatuhan kepada Allah. Namun pada saat ini ibadah bukan lagi sesuatu yang dianggap sakral melainkan hanya sebatas rutinitas di mana jemaat berkumpul dan beribadah tanpa memaknai bagaimana makna ibadah yang benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan jawaban mengenai makna ketaatan beribadah dan bagaimana pemahaman tentang makna beribadah berdasarkan ibrani 10: 22 – 25. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review adalah sebuah metode yang sistematis kemudian dilanjutkan dengan eksegesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ketaatan beribadah adalah suatu sikap kepatuhan dan tanda hormat dalam merendahkan diri sebagai ungkapan syukur kepada Allah dan; makna ibadah dalam Ibrani 10:22-25 terdiri dari menghadap Allah, teguh berpegang pada pengakuan tentang pengharapan, saling memperhatikan dan saling menasihati.
El Ars de Ramón Llull y el principio de conveniencia (segunda parte)
Authors: Miró i Comas Abel
Published: December 2023

Este artículo, que es la segunda y última parte de una investigación sobre el Ars generalis de Ramón Llull, tiene como propósito presentar las partes principales del sistema luliano y sacar a la luz el principio metafísico implícito en el que se funda todo este sistema, a saber, el “principio de conveniencia”. Las partes del Arte que analizaremos son: los conceptos fundamentales y su expresión gráficas, las cuatro figuras en las que estos conceptos se articulan y la combinatoria, que estudiaremos a partir de la evacuación de la tercera figura, la multiplicación de la cuarta figura y la tabla. Toda esta exposición, como ya dijimos, se funda sobre un principio metafísico subyacente que actúa en la realidad de las cosas, y que, precisamente por este motivo, también se comporta como una exigencia de nuestro pensar.
Biological Precursors of Ethics and Religion. Antonio Damasio and the Homeostatic Imperative
Authors: Tolone Oreste
Published: December 2023

The biological individual and the precursors of ethical-religious action: The most recent reflections in the field of biology and the philosophy of biology have highlighted how complex and little obvious is the idea of a personal, individual identity in the world of life. On one hand, having lost a geno-centric reading, life, right from its first manifestations (bacterial, cellular), appears endowed with subjectivity, which is expressed in multiple and increasingly complex forms; on the other hand, the individual man appears to be the result of the interweaving of several living forms. Using the reflections of Antonio Damasio, the article will try to understand the “precursors” of man’s ethical and religious action – that is, all those biological premises, such as strategies of cooperation and altruism, which emerge as preconditions for a human life. On the other hand, to understand the discontinuities and the specificity of man’s advanced and personal action, which are expressed in cultural life, artificial in general and particularly in ethical and religious interiority.
Emzirmede Meme Ucu Çatlaklarının Tedavisi: Alternatif Yöntemler
Authors: ÖZBEK Hilal , ERTEKİN PINAR Şükran
Published: December 2023

Tüm tarih boyunca bebekler için en iyi besin kaynağı olan anne sütü, günümüzde de önemini devam ettirmektedir. Yenidoğanın büyümesi ve gelişmesinde rol oynayan emzirme aynı zamanda anne sağlığına, anne ile bebek arasındaki duygusal bağlanmaya olan etkisi nedeniyle de önemlidir. Emzirme için en kritik zaman doğumdan sonraki ilk iki haftadır. Annenin emzirme kararını etkileyen faktörler arasında emzirme sorunları, anne sütünün yetersizlik algısı veya varlığı, sezaryen ile doğum, bebeğin yetersiz kilo alımı, annenin çalışıyor olması ve kültürel uygulamalar yer almaktadır. Bu sorunlarla birlikte emzirme süresince meme ucu çatlağı ve diğer meme ile ilgili sorunlar emzirmeyi olumsuz etkilemektedir. Laktasyon döneminde oluşan ve emzirmeyi olumsuz etkileyen meme ucu çatlaklarının tedavisinde anneler ilaçlara yönelmekte ve bu ilaçların büyük kısmı annenin plazmasında kalmaktadır. Bu ilaçlar nedeniyle anne sütünün kalitesi etkilenebilmekte veya bebeğin kan dolaşımına geçen miktara bağlı olarak bebeğe zarar verebilmektedir. Bu nedenle ilaç içermeyen alternatif uygulamalar emzirmenin desteklenmesi ve meme ucu sorunlarının giderilmesinde tercih edilmektedir. Meme ucu çatlaklarının giderilmesinde kullanılan alternatif yöntemler emziren anneler arasında yaygındır. Lanolin, deve kuşu yağı, nane suyu, aloe vera jeli, anne sütü, zeytinyağı ve hindistan cevizi yağı meme başı ağrısı, çatlağın önlenmesi ve tedavisinde kullanılan alternatif yöntemlerdir. Önemli sağlık profesyonellerinden biri olan ebeler tarafından bu yöntemlerin bilinmesi zararlı uygulamaları önleme, olumsuz durumları fark etme, postpartum süreçte anneyi izleme ve emzirmeyi destekleme açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda derleme meme ucu çatlaklarının tedavisinde anneler tarafından kullanılan alternatif yöntemlerin incelenmesi amacı ile ele alınmıştır.
Gebelik Döneminde Dijital Sağlık Okuryazarlığı
Authors: ÜNLÜ Vildan , CESUR Büşra
Published: December 2023

21. yy’ da teknolojinin ilerlemesi ve internetin yaygın olarak kullanılması sonucunda, insanların dijital talepleri ile internetin günlük hayattaki önemi giderek artış göstermiştir. Bu artış sağlık alanında da yerini almış ve dijitalleşme kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Sağlık alanındaki bu ihtiyaç dijital sağlık kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Dijital sağlık kavramı, internet ve teknoloji aracılığıyla bilgiye erişim sağlamaktır ancak doğru kaynaktan doğru bilgiye ulaşım dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı becerisiyle mümkün olabilmektedir. Dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı kavramı, internet ve teknolojik kaynaklardan doğru bilgi edinme ve doğru değerlendirme ile mümkündür. Dijital platformların yoğun kullanıldığı bu dönemde bu tarz platformlara en ihtiyaç duyan kesimlerden birisi de gebelerdir. Gebeler gebelik dönemi gebelik komplikasyonları, ilaç kullanımı, fetal gelişim, doğum öncesi dönem, doğum ve doğum sonrası dönemde emzirme bebek bakımı gibi konularda ciddi oranda bilgiye ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Bilgi ihtiyacını dijital ortamlar üzerinden karşılama isteği, kitleler arası paylaşımın kolaylaşması, insanlar arasında interaktif iletişim kurulmasını sağlaması ve yönlendirme yapılabilmesi, bu ortamlar üzerinden araştırma yapmaya yönelimi artırmıştır. Dijital platformlarda ebeler ve diğer sağlık çalışanları bilgilendirme ve eğitim imkânı sunuyor ve bazı mobil uygulamalar geliştirilmiş olmasına karşın birçok gebede bilgiye erişim yanlış kaynaklardan olmaktadır. Bu durumun önüne geçebilmek için dijital ortamda doğru bilgiye ulaşımı kolaylaştırma ve yaygınlaştırma konusunda dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı büyük önem taşımakta ancak bu konuda yapılan çalışmalar oldukça sınırlıdır. Doğru bilgiye ulaşımın en önemli olduğu bu dönemlerde gebelerin dijital sağlık okuryazarlığı algısını geliştirmek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Data protection and artificial intelligence: regional policy of the European Unión and Mercosur
Authors: Aylén Borrelli Ozón Sol
Published: December 2023

This paper, which does not intend to be exhaustive, will analyze the different regulations on artificial intelligence and data protection, both in the European Union system and in the Southern Common Market system. In the latter case, the individual experience of its Member States (Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina and Venezuela), their strategies, directives and policies aimed at the development of technology and data protection will be examined. Then, a comparison will be made to reach the conclusion as to which the most developed system in this area is and which its relationship with the predominantly adopted structure is (supranational or intergovernmental). For such purpose, the following questions will serve as a compass: What is the regional policy on artificial intelligence and data protection in each case? Is data (un)protected? Are there differences or similarities between these systems? Why? To answer these questions, I invite you to read this article and draw your own conclusions about it.
Data protection in Mercosur: current situation, perspectives and project
Authors: Luciana Maffei Brenda , Guillermina Jimenez Nadia
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to present the "state of the art" of data protection in MERCOSUR and indicate the possibilities for a future draft Decision that harmonizes the region protection level. To achieve this objective, we will proceed to: (i) Indicate the relevance of the subject related to data protection, (ii) Mention the main characteristics of the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (since it is the most advanced in the matter and because UE is, like MERCOSUR, an integration process, although in a more advanced level), (iii) Analyze the initiatives that were created from MERCOSUR to create a decision that regulates data protection in the block. To this end, the minutes of Sub-Working Group No. 13 will be analyzed, (iv) Carry out a brief comparative analysis of the various levels of protection existing among the 4 MERCOSUR States parties (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay), (vi) Indicate the importance of regulation at the regional level (equal degree of protection for the member States of MERCOSUR). Based on these points, it is concluded that, given the importance of the topic related to data protection, a new MERCOSUR regulations draft is necessary and, in this sense, the present paper gives some proposals that could be incorporated into this eventual project. The methodology used in this work is essentially exploratory and qualitative. However, it also uses aspects of the descriptive methodology, for which an analysis of previous works that addressed the issue is made, as well as an analysis of regulations related to the subject.
Protection of neurodata in the European Union: impacts of emerging (neuro)technologieson the (neuro)privacy of the data subject
Authors: Frischenbruder Sulzbach Sofia
Published: December 2023

The commercialization of technologies that interface with the human brain has caught attention of the international community, as they allow the collection of data from dimensions that, until now, were considered unobservable by the general public: brain activity data, commonly referred to as "neurodata". The insertion of such devices in the consumer market is especially relevant in the current technological context, in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems allow the processing of raw neurodata (inputs) and the generation of decoded neurodata (outputs) on the cognitive, affective and/or conative state of the subjects to which they refer. This new factual reality presents legal challenges regarding the protection of neurodata in the European Union (EU), raising questions as to whether neurodata qualifies as personal data for the purposes of applying the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - and, consequently, as to the nature of information relating to emotions, memories, thoughts, and intentions. Focusing on these issues, this paper aims to investigate the degree of protection that the GDPR gives to neurodata in the EU today. To this end, the hypothetical-deductive method is used, starting from the hypothesis that neurodata is not formally included in the traditional GDPR model of "personal data" and "sensitive personal data". To achieve the general objective, the work is divided into two main parts: (1) the first investigates key concepts involving the subject, to explore the research hypothesis raised; while (2) the second is dedicated to the impacts that the processing has on the data subject. The results show that there is a legal gap regarding neurodata, as it is a sui generis type of personal data, that deserves multidisciplinary and specialized study in the context of emerging (neuro)technologies for the protection of the data subject's (neuro)privacy.
Characteristics of bacterial and fungal communities and their associations with sugar compounds in atmospheric aerosols at a rural site in northern China
Authors: Niu Mutong , Huang Shu , Hu Wei , Wang Yajie , Xu Wanyun , Wei Wan , Zhang Qiang , Wang Zihan , Zhang Donghuan , Jin Rui , Wu Libin , Deng Junjun , Shen Fangxia , Fu Pingqing
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Bioaerosols play significant roles in causing health and climate effects. Sugar compounds in air have been widely used to trace the source of bioaerosols. However, knowledge about the association of sugar molecules and the microbial community at taxonomic levels in atmospheric aerosols remains limited. Here, microbial community compositions and sugar molecules in total suspended particles collected from a typical rural site, Gucheng, in the North China Plain were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-throughput gene sequencing, respectively. Results show that fungal community structure exhibited distinct diurnal variation with largely enhanced contribution of Basidiomycota at night, while bacterial community structure showed no obvious difference between daytime and night. SourceTracker analysis revealed that fungi and bacteria were mainly from plant leaves and unresolved sources (presumably human-related emissions and/or long-distance transport). All the detected anhydrosugars and sugar alcohols and trehalose showed diurnal variations with lower concentrations in the daytime and higher concentrations at night, which may be affected by enhanced fungal emissions at night, while primary sugars (except trehalose) showed an opposite trend. Mantel's test showed that more sugar compounds exhibited significant associations with fungal community structure than bacterial community structure. Co-occurrence analysis revealed the strong associations between sugar compounds and a few saprophytic fungal genera with low relative abundances, e.g., Hannaella, Lectera, Peniophora, Hydnophlebia, Sporobolomyces and Cyphellophora. This study suggests that the entire fungal community, rather than specific fungal taxa, likely greatly contributes to sugar compounds in rural aerosols, while the contribution of bacteria is limited.
Transport of the Hunga Tonga volcanic aerosols inferred from Himawari-8 limb measurements
Authors: Prata Fred
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (Hunga Tonga; 21.545 ºS, 178.393 ºE) volcanic eruption of 15 January 2022 produced copious amounts of aerosols that reached high into the stratosphere, exceeding 30 km and settling into layers a few kilometres deep between 22–28 km. The Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) on board the geostationary Himawari-8 platform at 140.7 ºE was able to monitor the eruption at 10 minute intervals and 0.25 km2 to 4 km2 spatial resolution within 16 spectral channels ranging from visible to infrared wavelengths and over a latitude/longitude field of view of ~±75º. Here a new use of these data is proposed where the the limb region of of the field of view is exploited to detect aerosol layers extending vertically into the atmosphere. The analyses provide vertical profiles of scattered visible light and are compared to Caliop space lidar measurements. Hunga Tonga aerosols are detected using the ratio of near infrared reflectances at 1.61 µm and 2.25 µm, in the western limb from 22 January and in the eastern limb from 31 January 2022 up until the present time (September 2023). The average zonal velocity is estimated to be ~-25 ms-1 (westwards) and the meridional velocity to be ~0.2 ms-1 (northwards). The latitudinal spread is characterised by a gradual northerly movement of the main layer situated between 22–28 km in the first 60 days, and stagnation or slight southerly spread thereafter. The current methodology does not provide quantitative estimates of the amount or type of aerosol, but based on the spectral properties of water and ice clouds the analysis suggests there is a strong liquid water content in the aerosol layers.
Inferring heavy tails of flood distributions through hydrograph recession analysis
Authors: Wang Hsing-Jui , Merz Ralf , Yang Soohyun , Basso Stefano
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Floods are often disastrous due to underestimation of the magnitude of rare events. Underestimation commonly happens when the magnitudes of floods follow a heavy-tailed distribution, but this behavior is not recognized and thus neglected for flood hazard assessment. In fact, identifying heavy-tailed flood behavior is challenging because of limited data records and the lack of physical support for currently used indices. We address these issues by deriving a new index of heavy-tailed flood behavior from a physically based description of streamflow dynamics. The proposed index, which is embodied by the hydrograph recession exponent, enables inferring heavy-tailed flood behavior from daily flow records, even of short length. We test the index in a large set of case studies across Germany encompassing a variety of climatic and physiographic settings. Our findings demonstrate that the new index enables reliable identification of cases with either heavy- or non-heavy-tailed flood behavior from daily flow records. Additionally, the index suitably estimates the severity of tail heaviness and ranks it across cases, achieving robust results even with short data records. The new index addresses the main limitations of currently used metrics, which lack physical support and require long data records to correctly identify tail behaviors, and provides valuable information on the tail behavior of flood distributions and the related flood hazard in river basins using commonly available discharge data.
EVALUATION OF A LOW-COST PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM FOR THE RETRIEVAL OF 3D TREE ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Zaforemska A. , Gaulton R. , Mills J. , Xiao W.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Reconstruction of major branches of a tree is an important first step for the monitoring of tree sway and assessment of structural stability. Photogrammetric systems can provide a low-cost alternative for the acquisition of three-dimensional data, while also enabling long-term monitoring of a tree of interest. This study introduces a low-cost photogrammetric system based on two Raspberry Pi cameras, which is used to reconstruct the tree architecture for the purpose of stability monitoring. Images of five trees are taken at a range of distances and the resulting point clouds are evaluated in terms of point density and distribution with the reference to TLS. While the photogrammetric point clouds are sparse, it was found that they are capable of reconstructing the tree trunk and lower-order branches, which are most relevant for sway monitoring and tree stability assessment. The most optimal distance for the reconstruction of the relevant branches was found to be 9–10 m, with a baseline of 120 cm.
IONOSPHERIC IRREGULARITIES MEASURED BY GROUND-BASED AND SATELLITE-EMBEDDED RECEIVERS: ANALYSIS OF S4 INDEX IN A LOW LATITUDE REGION
Authors: Alves D. B. M. , Jerez G. O. , Nespolo R. S. , Hernández-Pajares M. , Monico J. F. G.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Ionosphere is an important layer of Earth’s atmosphere which can interfere in the transmission of radio signals, affecting several activities, such as the ones related to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) positioning. In this intend, many efforts have been made in the last decades in order to better understand and model this region of atmosphere. The observation of ionosphere and its irregularities can be performed by several techniques, including classic methods such as ionosondes. Besides that, the use of GNSS signals as source of atmospheric observations have allowed the development of different methodologies and techniques to obtain ionospheric information. Among those, the use of data collected by receivers embedded in low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites, such as the ones used in radio occultation (RO) missions can be relevant due to the amount and distribution of the data obtained. Besides that, GNSS receivers has also been used in ground stations networks to continuously monitor the ionosphere. In this sense, the present work aims to compare irregularities observed by two different techniques using data from ground-based (GNSS monitoring stations) and satellite-embedded (RO mission) receivers. The study is performed over one of the most challenging scenarios, the Brazilian region, considering seasonal variability in two months (low and high solar flux) from 2014 (solar cycle peak). The results obtained show agreement in the general behavior of the ionospheric irregularities observed by the two different techniques.
SURFACE DISPLACEMENT MONITORING OF SUBURBAN EXPRESSWAY UNDER CONSTRUCTION BASED ON SENTINEL-1 SBAS-INSAR ANALYSIS
Authors: Qin X. Q. , Huang Y. J. , Shi X. G. , Xie L. F. , Chen X. S.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) technique can quickly obtain millimeter-level surface deformation in urban areas with high coherence. However, expanding the application of time series InSAR in non-urban areas is an important research focus. An improved SBAS-InSAR analysis approach is applied in this study to present the surface displacement along two expressways under construction. Taking the Kejiao and Yicheng Highway in the Shenzhen Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone as examples, the deformation along the highways under construction and the surrounding ground objects is revealed. Moreover, the time series displacements and construction conditions are combined to explain the possible mechanisms behind the different displacements of various ground objects along the expressways. The results show that the climate, environment, and construction conditions of the cooperation zone had an impact on the deformation of various ground objects along the route. Compared to traditional PS-InSAR methods, the density and accuracy of coherence points are improved, which better overcomes the spatiotemporal incoherence effects in non-urban areas.
URBAN 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF VHR SAR IMAGES USING ITERATIVE OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM AND LAYOVER FIXED-ORDER MODEL
Authors: Zhang C. H. , Pang L. , Liu D. Y.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Tomography (TomoSAR) is a three-dimensional SAR imaging technique that uses multiple passes to process complex SAR images and obtain three-dimensional spatial scattering information to derive the elevation scattering distribution. Due to its own shortcomings, the elevation obtained by the traditional spectral estimation method has low resolution in the elevation direction and is affected by noise. The imaging algorithm based on compressed sensing can achieve super-resolution reconstruction in the elevation direction while reducing the number of observations. However, the CS algorithm still faces challenges when applied to real-world tomographic SAR imaging. In particular, it often requires numerous iterations to achieve satisfactory results, which significantly reduces its processing efficiency in large-scale tomography. To address the above issues, in this paper, we proposed an urban 3D reconstruction of VHR SAR images using an iterative optimization algorithm and layover fixed-order model. The iterative optimization algorithm and the layover fixed-order model consist of two parts: The TomoSAR imaging equation is solved by the two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding (TwIST) algorithm, and the number of scatterers K is estimated by the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). In this paper, the effectiveness of TwIST-BIC in TomoSAR imaging in urban areas is verified with real TerraSARX data. By comparing with the OMP algorithm based on matching tracking and the FISTA algorithm based on gradient descent. The TWIST-BIC method is less complex, converges faster, and combines both execution speed and super-resolution, which can effectively solve the processing efficiency problem in large-area tomography and acquire high-resolution tomographic analysis.
ESTIMATION OF MANGROVE FRACTIONAL COVER FROM MULTISPECTRAL AND HYPERSPECTRAL DATA USING MIXTURE TUNED MATCHED FILTERING
Authors: Blanco A. C. , Perez C. R.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Mangroves provide various ecosystem services and contribute to climate change adaptation being one of the blue carbon ecosystems. The extents of mangroves are mapped and monitored using commonly available multispectral images, such as Landsat and Sentinel-2, to detect and assess gains and losses. However, this presence or absence per pixel based on crisp classification or index thresholding offers limited information on the dynamics of mangrove growth or decline. In this paper, we evaluated the use of Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF) in estimating mangrove fractional cover (MFC) from multispectral (Landsat-8) and hyperspectral (PRISMA) satellite images. We also examined the utility of the mangrove vegetation index (MVI) and enhanced MVI (EMVI) for this purpose. The images were first denoised using Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF). MTMF was then separately applied to the sets of MNF bands, excluding noise bands, to generate Matched Filtering (MF) Score and Infeasibility layers. The endmember (mangrove) spectrum was extracted from a pixel identified using pixel purity index (PPI) and examination of high-resolution Google Earth base image, from which detailed mangrove extents were also delineated. A 30-m vector grid file was created and populated with MFC, MF Score, and Infeasibility values using zonal analysis. Correlation analysis, exploratory regression, and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression were performed. MF Score is moderately and positively correlated with MFC. In contrast, Infeasibility, MVI, and EMVI are uncorrelated or very weakly correlated with MFC. MFC can be estimated using an OLS model with MF Score and Infeasibility as explanatory variables. The performance of the PRISMA-based model (R2Adj=0.30, AIC=98643.20) was found to be better than the Landsat-8-based model (R2Adj=0.36, AIC=97428.89).
SUPERDOVE-MODELLED BATHYMETRY USING NEURAL NETWORKS ALONG A TURBIDITY GRADIENT: BREHAT, SAINT-BARTHELEMY AND TETIAROA ISLANDS
Authors: Collin A. , Palola P. , James D. , Pastol Y. , Monpert C. , Loyer S. , Stoll B. , Feunteun E. , Wedding L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Despite the increasing interest in the bathymetry mapping in the context of the sea level rise and storm intensification, only 10% of the worldwide bathymetry has been mapped with reliable sonar and lidar, due to their high cost. The satellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) has therefore grown for the last decades, due to its affordability, but also to its gain in radiometric, spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions. Nevertheless, SDB products leveraging both a high spatial and a high temporal resolution are still expected by stakeholders responsible for cloudy or tidal coastal areas. This research tests the contribution of the Planetscope SuperDove CubSats (eight-band, 3 m, 1 day) four novel bands in bathymetry extraction, along a turbidity gradient (the islands of Bréhat in Channel Sea, Saint-Barthélémy in Caribbean Atlantic Ocean, and Teti’aroa in South Pacific Ocean), using neural networks calibrated, validated, and tested with recent topobathymetric lidar data. In Bréhat (turbid) and Saint-Barthélémy (clear), water depth was best modelled using the eight-band dataset with good contributions of yellow and green 1 for Bréhat (R2=0,77), and purple and green 1 for Saint-Barthélémy (R2=0,95). The very clear waters of Teti’aroa were best modelled using the combination of base (blue, green 2, red and near-infrared) + yellow (R2=0,68). The lower accuracy of bathymetry mapping in Teti’aroa revealed biases due to satellite-lidar collection time difference, lidar data specificities, and/or control quality.
CHANGING CLIMATE IN POLAR REGIONS FROM MICROWAVE AND INFRARED DATA
Authors: Comiso J. C.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. This study reveals that the climate in the polar region may be experiencing a transition towards a different phase of change than what has been expected only a few decades ago. In the Arctic basin, the rapid decline in the perennial ice cover has been regarded as an important indicator of anthropogenic climate change with a high value of about 8 × 106 km2 in 1980 and low value of only 3.4 × 106 km2 in 2012. Since 2012, however, the sea ice cover remained relatively low but did not change much suggesting a more stable perennial ice cover. On the other hand, the sea ice cover in the Antarctic has been reported as having a positive trend with a record high of more than 20 × 106 km2 in 2014 but has been declining abruptly starting in 2015 with 2023 having record lows continuously every month including the current month of June 2023. Such phenomenon for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is intriguing and appears not to be very well correlated with observed changes in surface temperature as also derived from satellite data. These developments suggest a need to better understand the role of changes in other variables such the amount of freshwater, wind patterns, water circulation and tropospheric temperature as well as effects of ENSO and PDO on the observed changes and trends.
MULTI-ORIENTATION EDGE-BASED SATELLITE IMAGE MATCHING METHOD FOR OPTICAL AND SAR IMAGES
Authors: Lin Y. , Li L. , Wei L. , Liu L. , Yu J.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Multi-sensor image matching is a key technology to fully exploit complementary information on images from multiple sources. In particular, the nonlinear radiance distortion between optical and SAR images makes image matching very difficult. Focusing on satellite optical and SAR image matching, this paper proposed an oriented edge-based template image matching, namely Multiple Orientation Edge Feature Correlation (MOEFC). Firstly, the edge feature was extracted by the Sobel operator to construct oriented gradient channels on optical and SAR images. Then spatial filtering was performed separately by a two-dimensional and a one-dimensional kernel. Finally, the similarity was determined by stacking the normalized cross correlation (NCC) of each oriented gradient channel. To validate the new method, it was compared with other four edge-based template image matching methods detected by Sobel, Canny, Laplacian and phase congruency-based methods on satellite optical-SAR image pairs, which were tested in rural and urban areas. And the results show that the proposed MOEFC method can obtain the largest number of correct matching (NCM) with the least root mean square error (RMSE) in both areas. In the rural area, the NCM of the MOEFC method is higher than the other four methods, and the improvement ranges from 54.1% to 74.3%. And the RMSE of the MOEFC method is 0.645 pixel. In the urban area, the NCM of the MOEFC method can also be improved by 3.6% to 46.4%. And the RMSE of the MOEFC method equals 0.489 pixel.
INFLUENCE FACTORS OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE INVERSION USING THERMAL INFRARED HYPERSPECTRAL REMOTE SENSING SATELLITES DATA
Authors: Liu T. , Li Z. , Liu S. , Qiu X.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Land surface temperature (LST) is widely used in research fields such as numerical forecasting, global circulation models, and regional climate models. For the remote sensing data from satellites with thermal infrared detection capability, the land surface temperature (LST), land surface emissivity (LSE), and atmospheric influence are mixed together. Using different assumptions and approximations for the radiative transfer equations and surface emissivity, various LST algorithms have been proposed. Among these algorithms, the split-window (SW) algorithm is currently most widely used. Besides, with the rapid development of machine learning, new ideas have been emerged for quantitative remote sensing inversion. For a hyperspectral remote sensing satellite with over 20 thermal infrared channels, machine learning methods such as random forest and artificial neural network can be selected to build an integrated separation and inversion algorithm for LST and LSE.In this paper, the influencing factors of LST inversion using thermal infrared hyperspectral satellites data is discussed, taking the SW algorithm and integrated machine learning algorithm as examples, and the contribution of these factors to the LST inversion error is analysed. We hope this paper could provide valuable reference for the design, index analysis and error calculation for remote sensing satellites with thermal infrared hyperspectral detection capability.
OIL SPILL MONITORING USING SATELLITE IMAGERY IN THE SHARM EL-MAYA BAY OF SHARM EL-SHEIKH, EGYPT
Authors: Morsy M.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Sharm el-Sheikh, in Egypt, is a prominent tourist destination. The city attracts millions of visitors annually due to its exceptional location and pleasant climate. Owing to its natural ecosystem and marine diversity, Sharm El-Maya Bay in Sharm el-Sheikh attracts beachgoers and vacationers. In 1999, however, an oil spill occurred at the site. Previous investigations detected a network of buried steel pipelines and a number of buried reinforced concrete tanks, both of which may have contributed to the contamination problem. Although the problem is so detrimental to health and the environment, no follow-up studies were conducted after 2013. Therefore, the author chose to monitor oil leaks over the headland using frequent, high-resolution Google Earth Pro remote sensing data for the years 2017 to 2022. To disclose whether any corrective measures were taken to address the contamination problem. Moreover, to demonstrate if any unanticipated variations have occurred over many years due to climatic factors. The elucidation of the aforementioned issues demonstrates Google Earth Pro's effectiveness in monitoring pollution problems. The results revealed that the area and perimeter of four oil spots had changed slightly over time. During the specified time period, the standard deviations of the four monitored locations fluctuated between 111.1 m2, 71.6 m2, 83.7 m2, and 254.3 m2. The research proved that the pollution problem has not improved over time because stakeholders have not reacted. In addition, it highlighted the uniqueness of Google Earth Pro in tracking the changes in oil spot size over a time series.
MONITORING SUMMER DAYTIME AND NIGHTTIME DECADAL TRENDS OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION DELHI
Authors: Palanisamy P. A. , Zawadzka J. , Jain K. , Bonafoni S.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Urbanization-related growth and development have been recognized as substantial factors in increasing surface temperatures. India's rapid urbanization has exacerbated climate change challenges, particularly the rising Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomena. The study used LST data from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to examine decadal variances in LST and diurnal LST variations over the summer months in a study region. We compared the LST values in 2010, 2020, and 2022 with the reference year 2000 by analyzing LST data collected from 2000 to 2022 using geospatial analysis. The study found a significant increase in the LST over a two-decade period, particularly in May and June, with temperature jumps of up to 10 (°C) both during the day and at night. The study also revealed differences in LST patterns between rural and urban regions, with rural areas having a higher daytime LST than urban areas and urban areas witnessing an elevated nighttime LST owing to the UHI impact. Analysis revealed significant differences in LST patterns, with 2020 showing lower surface temperatures due to limited heat released from anthropogenic activities such as industrial operation and vehicular traffic due to the COVID-19 lockdown. However, in the years 2010 and 2022, the study observed a significant increase in LST during the summer months both during the day and at night. These findings provided useful insights for urban development and planning and contribute to the implementation of measures aimed at reducing heat-related risks and improving the well-being of urban residents.
POTENTIAL-GUIDED UAV-FLIGHT PATH PLANNING FOR THE INSPECTION OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES
Authors: Debus P. , Rodehorst V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. This works presents a method to compute a potential field for UAV flight path planning for the image-based inspection of complex structures. The potential field is based on the photogrammetric requirements of the inspection and allows to estimate the potential of a viewpoint position to improve the coverage and reconstructability of the structure, based on a model of the structure and the previous viewpoints. This potential field can be used to guide the planning of the flight path to produce globally optimized flight paths, that minimize the number of required images and the length of the flight path, while achieving complete coverage, high resolution and stable reconstructability. The estimation of the potential is implemented efficiently and continuously differentiable to allow for the use in optimization algorithms. In addition, a general framework for potential-based flight path planning is presented that allows to integrate different requirements and constraints into the planning process, outlining the requirements for the implementation of a flight path planning method using this framework. The method is evaluated and validated in a synthetic realistic scenario, where it demonstrated high performance and reliable results. It is able to identify regions of high potential even in complex environments, for example the underside of an overpass of tight corners that often pose challenges for existing methods.