bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF TRANSACTIONS IN THE EXCHANGE MARKET
Authors: Ilchuk Mykola , Yavorska Valentyna , Radko Vitaliy
Published: April 2021

The article highlights the theoretical foundations of the exchange-traded transactions organization in the stock exchange market. It is noted that the economic essence of exchange-traded transactions includes three main differential features: the object of trade, method of execution and maturity of contracts. The theoretical concept of exchange-traded transactions by business entities in international stock exchange markets is highlighted. It has been found that exchange-traded transactions have evolved for a long time from concluding agreements with the supply of real assets (spot) to futures and options contracts. Taking into account the international experience of stock exchange trade, the organizational structure of the stock exchange market, optimal for the implementation in Ukraine is highlighted.
It is proved that an effective mechanism for price risks managing and attracting financial resources is the use of the stock exchange market and its tools in the activities of business entities. The organizational mechanism of stock exchange transactions has been constantly transformed on the world stock exchange market from trading in immediate delivery agreements (spot) to futures and options.
The priority organizational measures necessary for accelerating the development of the domestic stock exchange market of futures contracts for the main commodity and financial assets are given. Accelerating the development of the domestic stock exchange market at the international level requires qualitative and quantitative changes in the stock exchange environment. The priority organizational measures in this context should be the reset of the regulatory component, strengthening the role of the state regulator in the formation of the regulatory framework and control over the activities of participants, as well as deepening protection of the rights of all stock exchange participants. In addition, it is necessary to stimulate the beginning of consolidation processes in the domestic commodity and stock markets. This direction of improving the implementation of exchange-traded operations on the domestic exchange market will contribute to the universalization and improvement of technological support of stock exchange platforms. The last, but no less important, organizational measure is the creation of the necessary infrastructure for the implementation of futures exchange transactions in the domestic stock exchange market.
Empowered Pedagogy: Catching Up with the Future
Authors: Vaithilingam Chockalingam Aravind , Andal Gamboa Reynato , Chun Lim Siow
Published: April 2021

Purpose - Recently, a layered and lateral framework that provides opportunities for students to design the pedagogy that creates a broad based, flexible and personalized learning is introduced by the Taylorâ€™s University School of Engineering. This approach creates avenue for the students to design their own curriculum within the framework that is developed with inputs from the industry. The framework, the key components, and the tracking of the performance to align the set outcomes through assessment tool is presented.   Methodology - My Study Plan (MySP) a macro-enabled software is used to develop a four-year tier model for the students to design the curriculum with the help of a mentor at the start of the programme. Studentâ€™s learning is monitored on a semester-based learning analytics process implementing the Programme Outcomes (PO) Scorecard. The August 2018 cohort of the Electrical and Electronic Engineering programme is used to pilot this pedagogy.   Findings - Currently the PO measurement is done for the graduating student and focus only on the effectiveness of the programme. The Programme Outcome Assessment Review (POAS) used in this study to monitor the MySP the continual monitoring each semester rather towards the end of graduation. Initial simulation of existing PO attainment record of students suggest that this can generate interest towards the learning progress on a semester basis.   Significance - The successful adoption sees an effectiveness in the long run in developing graduates through the continual monitoring of the programme outcomes. The graduating students carry the PO scorecard that complements a second transcript for value addition for their studies. Prospective employers can use the PO scorecard as a metric for initial recruitment purposes, a measure for the soft skills achievements of the applicant.
Students as Designers of E-book for Authentic Assessment
Authors: Raja Hussain Raja Maznah , Al Saadi Khalid Khamis
Published: April 2021

Purpose â€“ The purpose of this study is to examine the elements that determine studentsâ€™ success as designers of an e-book by means of an authentic assessment in a collaborative learning environment. A total of 11 English Language Teaching (ELT) postgraduate students were involved as designers, writers and peer reviewers of the e-book project. Methodology â€“ Data was gathered based on a qualitative methodological approach, via face-to-face discussions, WhatsApp groups, Moodle classes and reflections from studentsâ€™ e-portfolios. The data was analyzed using content analysis procedures where it was read carefully to understand emerging themes. It was then coded and labeled manually in relation to the aims of the study and its theoretical framework. Findings â€“ The analysis suggested that the students had positive experiences where they became self-publishers while engaged in designing learning experiences via integrating technology. The use of authentic assessments enabled them to develop teamwork, to become motivated and self-directed learners with autonomy. Significance â€“ The outcome of this research will help course designers and program developers to integrate authentic assessments that are relevant to the current needs of students.
Strategizing Inclusivity in Teaching Diverse Learners in Higher Education
Authors: Awang-Hashim Rosna , Kaur Amrita , P.Valdez Nena
Published: April 2021

Purpose  - As the classrooms in higher education are growing increasingly diverse, it is imperative that higher education practitioners build a responsive learning environment for diverse learners to optimize their potential. Continuing professional development programmes (CPD) are central to such strategic approaches that equip educators with essential knowledge and skills to handle diversity related issues, achieve equity and increase participation by students. Therefore, the present study aims to examine strategies used by higher education practitioners to address diversity and inclusion in teaching and learning. Methodology  - Participants were nine academicians (6 males and 3 females) who emerged from natural retention along the iterative cycles on Community of Practice (CoP) participation. The present study adopted CoP as the theoretical lens and a methodological tool to understand what strategies higher education practitioners devise for their inclusive teaching and learning practices in response to the diversity related challenges. The data was collected through a series of observations and reflective journals. Initially, thematic analysis techniques were used to reduce data into two categories- strategies and challenges. Later, according to the prevalence and frequency count the strategies were analysed against the challenges reported and finally the strategies were reduced into major themes. Findings  - Three major themes emerged that report the inclusive strategies conceived by the participants. The themes were - Inclusive/differentiated assessment which suggested that creating differentiated assessment that are inclusive in nature and can provide equal opportunity to every student to participate. The second theme, Motivation and Goal Strategies, revealed that students were found to be diverse in their goals for learning, hence, a variety of motivational strategies such as including studentsâ€™ voice, providing them a clear rationale for studying and fostering relatedness were deemed suitable to address those differences. The final theme, inclusive pedagogy suggests a variety of accommodations to be made in pedagogy such as integrating technology, adopting culturally responsive material and initiating collaborative learning to address studentsâ€™ differences. Significance  -The findings have implications for faculty professional development, classroom teaching practices for inclusive pedagogy in higher education institutions and use of CoP as a framework for such developments.
English Morphosyntactic Performance of A High-Functioning ASD Child: Implications on ELT
Authors: Mohd Yusoff Yusniza , Salehuddin Khazriyati , Abdullah Imran Ho , Toran Hasnah
Published: April 2021

Purpose â€“ The inclusion of an increasing number of highfunctioning ASD children in mainstream classrooms demands for adequate awareness of autism and effective teaching methods from teachers to ensure that learning takes places efficiently. Hence, this study investigated the atypical language performance of a highfunctioning Malay girl with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who chose to acquire English as her first language (L1) and eventually spoke the language fluently despite English not being the main language at home. Focus was given on the childâ€™s literate language use of morphology and syntax in present tense English. Methodology â€“ Data was collected from spontaneous speech interactions with an 8-year-old high-functioning ASD child for a period of 12 months. The interactions were conducted at the childâ€™s home. Each session lasted approximately an hour and was video recorded. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. In this study, focus was given on the morphology and syntax of the childâ€™s present tense structures in English. Findings â€“ The findings revealed four main themes: 1) elaborated noun phrases, 2) adverbs, 3) conjunctions, plus 4) mental and linguistic verbs. The findings indicated the childâ€™s strength in her language performance that was consistent albeit with weak central coherence account and that she was not at the optional infinitive stage of grammatical development. Significance â€“ These findings led to a further understanding of the language acquisition process in high-functioning children with ASD in Malaysia, and called for mainstream teachers to 1) upgrade their skills, enhance their knowledge and develop their awareness of the linguistic ability of high-functioning ASD children, and 2) implement effective teaching methods in managing them.
Germinação e vigor de sementes de feijão-caupi em condições de déficit hídrico
Authors: Santos Marlei Rosa dos , Teixeira Naira Gerlene Marques , Gomes Junior Francisco de Assis , Farias Tamara Santos Ferreira de , Leonardo Francisco de Assis Pereira
Published: April 2021

O Brasil encontra-se entre os maiores produtores de feijão-caupi, sendo a região Nordeste a maior produtora no país. No início do ciclo, a água é um fator essencial para o desenvolvimento do embrião e da planta, sendo que sua escassez vem reduzindo drasticamente o estande de plantas e, consequentemente, a produtividade do feijão-caupi. O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a germinação e o vigor de sementes de quatro cultivares de feijão-caupi em condições de déficit hídrico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, no esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo 4 cultivares (Aracé, Guariba, Gurgueia e Jaquinha) e três potenciais hídricos (85, 70 e 55% da capacidade de retenção de água). Inicialmente foi determinada a porcentagem de umidade das sementes, a massa de mil sementes, primeira contagem da germinação (vigor) e germinação total. Em diferentes potenciais hídricos e utilizando a areia como substrato, avaliou-se o índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE) e a porcentagem de plântulas normais. O déficit hídrico afetou a velocidade de germinação das sementes de feijão-caupi, porém não influenciou na porcentagem de plântulas emergidas em areia, avaliadas aos 15 dias após a semeadura. A cultivar Gurgueia apresentou maior vigor na primeira contagem de germinação e maior velocidade de germinação e porcentagem de plântulas emergidas após 15 dias da semeadura, independente do potencial hídrico.
Viabilidade econômica do sistema de irrigação para o cultivo de rúcula com e sem cobertura do solo
Authors: Rodrigues Pablo Eanes Cocco , Peiter Marcia Xavier , Robaina Adroaldo Dias , Boscaini Ricardo , Bruning Jhosefe , Mezzomo Wellington , Chaiben Neto Miguel
Published: April 2021

O sucesso da atividade olerícola é influenciado pelo manejo de água empregado no sistema produtivo. Determinar a quantidade e o momento ideal para aplicação de água é um dos principais fatores que garante o sucesso na atividade. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar a viabilidade econômica de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento na produção de rúcula cultivada com e sem cobertura de solo. Para isso, foram aplicados quatro tratamentos de água em função dos fatores de depleção (f = 0,07; 0,22; 0,35 e 0,49) de água no solo. Foi utilizada a metodologia proposta pela Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (2010) para avaliação dos custos de produção. Foi realizado o levantamento de preços de venda do maço de rúcula na CEASA-RS e nas feiras municipais de Santa Maria. Para o preço de comercialização obtido por meio da CEASA-RS, todos os tratamentos que receberam cobertura de solo proporcionaram receita líquida positiva, enquanto que para os tratamentos sem cobertura de solo, todos os valores de receita líquida ficaram negativos. Para os preços obtidos nas feiras do município, os tratamentos que não receberam cobertura de solo apresentaram receita líquida positiva, com exceção do fator de depleção f = 0,07, que ficou negativa. Todos os tratamentos que receberam cobertura de solo aumentaram a receita líquida em comparação com o preço obtido pela CEASA. Dessa maneira, é mais rentável para o produtor vender o produto na feira, aumentando assim o lucro anual do produtor.
Multilingual Analysis of Macrostructure in Online Lower Court Judgments of England and Wales, Germany, France and Spain: A Comparative Summary and Phraseology
Authors: Tena Francisco Godoy
Published: April 2021

Court judgments are documents in legal proceedings, defined as: “a court’s final determination of the rights and obligations of the parties in a case” (Garner, 2006: 388). The main importance of this legal document lies in the fact that it covers all private and public problems that may arise in society. Owing to this fact, court judgments can be found in most of the legal systems worldwide. The aim of this article is to establish a comparative study of court judgments from four legal systems and written in the following languages: English, German, French and Spanish. This paper is focused on the macrostructural structure of court judgments in four legal systems: England and Wales, Germany, France and Spain. Thanks to this contrastive analysis, we may establish some patterns in court judgments written in four languages and issued in four different legal systems in order to set some patterns that would be appropriate for legal professionals, translators and interpreters, linguistics, and other academic experts.  This digital corpus is composed of 60 multilingual court judgments: 15 of England and Wales, 15 of Germany, 15 of France, and 15 of Spain, issued recently (between the years 2019 and 2020) from different lower courts of these four legal systems. This study includes an internal analysis of the structure observed in all the court judgments, main terminology in the four languages with a brief explanation in English and the common phraseology in every court judgment of our multilingual corpus. This paper also includes the masculine and feminine forms in German, French and Spanish nouns, such as the French noun “Demand-eur [masculine] /-euse [feminine]”. Thanks to these findings, we may find some linguistic parameters for experts to understand these essential court documents, how to compare their linguistic similarities and how to overcome the main linguistic differences of court judgments in these languages in order to make this study practical in several disciplines, such as foreign language teaching, specialized translation of comparative law, among many others.
Students’ Perceptions of Teachers’ Gender-Biased Treatments in the Classroom Context
Authors: Khoumich Abderrahim , Benattabou Driss
Published: April 2021

Much research has been undertaken to examine teachers’ differential treatment of boys and girls, and the way this biased practice affects their academic achievement. There is a dearth however of research investigating students’ perceptions of gender bias which shapes most of the EFL classroom practices. This study comes to fill in this gap in research assessing Moroccan EFL learners’ perceptions of their teachers’ differential treatment. Relying on the implementation of She & Fisher’s (2002) Teacher Communication Behavior Questionnaire (TCBQ), this study examined the relationship between students’ perceptions of teacher differential treatment and their academic achievement. Based on a quantitative case study design, the data were collected from a convenience sample of n= 92 Moroccan EFL students from Moulay Ismail University. The findings added empirical support for She & Fisher’s (2002) TCBQ effectiveness in measuring teacher behavior. Correlational analyses provided evidence of a statistically significant relationship between academic achievement and TDT. Also, using a regression analysis test, TDT was found to be a strong predictor of academic achievement. The results also revealed a divergence in the perceptions of males and females of the five dimensions of TDT and an alarmingly significant difference in scholastic attainment in favor of girls. These findings have implications on EFL teacher-student interactions at the university level in general and on the education of boys in particular.
Experience of ESL Teachers in Teaching Dyslexics in the Mainstream Classroom of UAE and India: A Comparative Case Study
Authors: Unni Shini
Published: April 2021

This paper explores the experiences of English as a second Language (henceforth ESL) teachers in teaching dyslexics within the mainstream classroom. Looking at the severity of Specific Learning Disorder, it is even more challenging for dyslexics to acquire the language within the mainstream classroom. The researcher aims to highlight how ESL primary school teachers in UAE and India respectively identify the needs of the students, implement a strategy and ways to accommodate them within the mainstream. In-depth interviews were conducted with the teachers for the data collection. The main findings are that ESL teachers plays an active role in early identification of dyslexic problem; however, ESL teachers in India require appropriate training and an improved 'preventive' model of intervention to identify and restore the reading accuracy and fluency of dyslexics.
Attitude of Francophone Students towards Pidgin at the University of Buea (UB)
Authors: Chiatoh Blasius A. , Nkwain Clovis N.
Published: April 2021

Although English is the official language of the University of Buea (UB), Cameroon Pidgin English (CPE) is quite commonly used on campus, particularly in extra curricula situations by Anglophones, who have it as their language of wider communication (LWC). However, Francophone students, some of whom meet CPE for their first time upon enrolment, tend to manifest much dislike for this language. Faced with the challenge of maximising the opportunities for learning and studying in English, a language in which they have limited spoken and written competence in, they view CPE as a sub-standard code, indeed, an impediment to the English language learning process. This paper surveys Francophone students’ attitudes towards CPE at UB with focus on the underlying motivations for these attitudes. Data was elicited from a questionnaire administered to first-year Francophone students. The findings evince that Francophone students harbour unfriendly attitudes towards CPE.
Reality Bites: A Systematic Literature Review of K to 12 English Language Teaching in the Philippines
Authors: Menozo Paolo
Published: April 2021

Language teaching in the Philippines has been rapidly evolving since the K to 12 Curriculum was passed into law in 2013. However, the question lies on whether this evolution has made significant impacts over the years among Filipino language learners. This study was conducted in order to examine the status of English language teaching in the Philippines. It utilized the qualitative approach using systematic literature review (SLR). 21 papers were placed under careful scrutiny using 4 inclusion and exclusion criteria. As a result, 10 papers have qualified and were selected as samples. The findings of this literature review reveal that the K to 12 English language teaching in the Philippines apparently 1.) fails to satisfy both the students’ and teachers’ ESL teaching and learning needs and that 2.) the curriculum lacks the sense of direction in content and practice. However, further studies are suggested to validate these results.
Strategy Politeness of Werkudara in Wayang purwa
Authors: Widagdo Titis Bayu , Amos Djatmika , Yustanto Henry
Published: April 2021

Wayang purwa is a noble culture of Javanese people which is the pride of the Indonesian people and is recognized internationally as a masterpiece. The nobleness of the puppet culture is inseparable from the strong characterization of each character in the puppet. One of the strongest characters in wayang purwa is Werkudara. This research focused on the analysis of Werkudara politeness strategies in wayang purwa in order to explore the characterizations played by Werkudara characters. This research used the politeness theory of Brown & Levinson to deepen the results of the politeness strategy analysis. This study also used descriptive qualitative methods to explain the phenomenon of speech acts of Werkudara in explaining the politeness strategies used. This research data was Werkudara's speech taken from the data source, namely the recording of Ki Nartosabdo's purwa puppet show with Dewa Ruci's play. The results of this study concluded that Werkudara was more dominant in using negative politeness in speaking. The negative politeness strategies used include giving deference; being pessimistic, and using indirect expressions. Furthermore, positive politeness strategies are used by Werkudara, including the use of group identity markers; avoiding disagreement; offering promises, and exaggeration.
Putatively Quintessential Behavioral-Pedagogical Conditions Reinforcing the Maintenance of EFL University Instructors
Authors: Soozandehfar Seyyed Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2021

This investigation attempted to explore the necessary conditions to maintain and satisfy university instructors in the EFL context of Iran. To this end, 35 EFL instructors from diverse universities were interviewed, and then, based on the received ideas, a 29-item questionnaire on EFL instructor maintenance was designed and submitted to 48 other EFL instructors. To classify and choose a group of frequent ideas and decline the inessentials, the qualitative codings, i.e. open, axial, and selective coding, were applied. The results of the analysis revealed two major themes, i.e., behavioral and pedagogical, derived from six core categories, i.e., minimizing confrontations, promoting positive attitudes, reinforcing criticality, naturalizing blatantness, encouraging learning-centeredness, and inducing reflective-teaching learning, as six putatively quintessential conditions for the maintenance of EFL Instructors. Finally, this study suggested some pedagogical implications.
From Limbo to Continuity Existential Analysis of Joseph Situma’s The Mysterious Killer
Authors: Muindu Japheth Peter
Published: April 2021

The paper is an explication of the stoicism and the resilience of the diseased characters in Joseph Situma’s The Mysterious Killer which is framed within Sartrean existential epistemology with a focus on his concept of authenticity. For Sartre, authentic existence is   related to pursuance of transcendent goals, honesty and courage. Human beings, Sartre opines, impose values in their lives in moments of forlornness. This concept is germane to analyzing the existential necessity of the diseased characters in the selected text to transcend the limbo of their existence as HIV/AIDS patients.
The Effectiveness of Teaching Reading Skill Using Communicative Approach in Malaysian Secondary Homeschooling ESL Classroom
Authors: Hon Kai Lai (Kellie)
Published: April 2021

The objectives of this study are to investigate the perceptions of the secondary homeschooling students on the use of the communicative approach (CLT) in their reading classrooms and to find out to what extent CLT contributes to the development of ESL learners’ reading skill. Four procedures were employed for data collection which included Pre-test and Post-Test, Classroom Observation, Questionnaire and Structured Interview. In general, the results in the Experimental Group showed that there was significant improvement among the learners between pre and post-test scores. Therefore, we can conclude that there was a significant improvement in scores between pre-test to post-test scores. Most secondary homeschooling students are enthusiastic and positive about the communicative approach in their ESL reading classrooms, whereby they learn more vocabulary through group discussions and improve their reading comprehension when exchanging ideas and opinions. Responses and attitude were very positive and strongly agreed with the use of CLT for improving their reading skills as the CLT approach has changed the reading class atmosphere to be better than before. Therefore, the homeschooling students felt pretty cheerful, comfortable and excited during the learning process of reading using CLT activities. Besides that, both homeschooling teachers tend to have a clear, positive and supportive attitudes and perceptions toward CLT. They strongly agreed that CLT is an effective and useful teaching method to accommodate the demands of the time as this method put high emphasis on the interpersonal skill, stimulate the students to communicate their enthusiasm as well as stimulate their interest in their language learning process. Moreover, this approach is advantageous and favourable as the approach is to involve every student in the communicative activities and places high emphasis on communication which highly encouraged the students to communicate and interact with each other as well as stimulate their interest in English learning and developing their learner autonomy.
Further Investigation of Taḍmīn (Implication of Meaning) in the Qur’an with Reference to Four Muslim-Arabic Authored English Translations
Authors: Nouraldeen Abdullah Soliman
Published: April 2021

This research is an extension of Nouraldeen (2020). The principal objective of this project is to investigate the English translation of complete taḍmīn in the Qur’an and shed light on other types of taḍmīn in the Qur’an. ِAlthough complete taḍmīn is probably not as numerous as other types of taḍmīn in the Qur’an, it deserves much attention for the interesting additional meaning it provides. Two sources are used to collect the āyāt (verses) that involve complete taḍmīn. Four English translations of the second sūrah (chapter) produced by Arab translators are analysed and assessed with a suggested translation that is believed to improve the current translations. None of the four translations are aware of taḍmīn when translating the Qur’an and this suggests a further empirical study which to elicit the views of some Qur’an translators with regards to why taḍmīn is not given attention and how it can be rendered. One unexpected finding is that some Qur’an translations are not consistent when translating same words in different āyāt (verses). This study is intended to be part of an ongoing work which studies and assesses the English translation of all āyāt (verses) that include complete taḍmīn as they appear in the same arrangement of the suwar (chapters) in the Qur’an.
Grammatical Structures in the Written and Oral Mode of ESL Students
Authors: Aggabao Rischelle G.
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on the survey of frequency and occurrence of phrase structure rules used in the written and oral mode of first year tertiary ESL students. It describes the sentence-embedded structures namely, nominal, adjectival and adverbial. As far as phrase structure rules are concerned, the constituents of the noun phrase, verb phrase, adjectival phrase and adverbial phrase are given structural labels. The researcher made use of the quantitative description of the oral and written structures of 76 first year students enrolled in a language class. The results of the study show that majority of the students write their essay using nominals followed by adverbials and the least used are adjectivals. In the oral mode, the most commonly used phrase structure rules are adverbials, followed by nominals and the least used are adjectivals. Though students have a good command of English in writing and speaking, they should be exposed to different communicative situations and develop a balanced style in expressing meaning using varied grammatical structures.
The Acceptance of E-Learning Among ESL Primary School Students During Covid-19
Authors: Haleman Khairah Nuraishah , Yamat Hamidah
Published: April 2021

The past years have seen a strong focus in Malaysia on the increase of infusion of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in educational institutions to stimulate innovations and strengthen global economic competitiveness. The integration of ICT has transformed the Malaysian education system by reshaping the landscape of education, from teacher-centred to learner-centred education. However, the COVID-19 crisis has changed the landscape of the education system drastically. The educators have turned their focus on online learning as an alternative means to replace the face-to-face classroom. Therefore, this paper focuses on the investigation on the perception towards e-learning among ESL primary school students. This study also determined the level of acceptance towards e-learning. A set of questionnaires was distributed via Google Form to 100 upper primary students in Sibu, Sarawak. The results revealed that the perception towards e-learning was positive, and the level of e-learning acceptance among ESL primary school students was high due to its features of e-learning, such as flexibility, user-friendliness, and the students’ attitude towards using as well as the intention to use in the future. It was recommended that teachers should utilize student-friendly digital tools to deliver their teaching and learning materials so that the students, especially at the primary level find it easy and enjoy learning English via e-learning.
The Effectiveness of Story-based Teaching Technique on EFL Adult Learners’ Vocabulary Retention
Authors: Thi Lan Anh Ho , Dao Thi Hong Van , Anh Dung Phan
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of stories on EFL adult learners’ vocabulary retention. Thirty-six elementary EFL learners of the age group between 18 and 37 were assigned to the experimental and control groups. The control group received the traditional method of teaching vocabulary using definitions, translations into the mother tongue, drilling and etc., while the experimental one was exposed to stories as a treatment. The results of the ten-week experimental study revealed that the effects of stories-based activities on participants’ vocabulary retention on the two groups are not significantly different. However, adult learners consciously recognized the benefits and enjoyment in learning vocabulary with story-based technique.
Hybridity in Nepalese English
Authors: Dewan Shankar , Laksamba Chandra Kumar
Published: April 2021

With its unprecedented spread globally, English has been diversified, nativized, and hybridized in different countries. In Nepal, English is code-mixed or hybridized as a result of its contact with the local languages, the bilinguals’ creativity, and the nativization by Nepalese English speakers. This qualitative content analysis paper attempts to describe hybridity in Nepalese English by bringing the linguistic examples from two anthologies of stories, two novels, five essays and two articles written in English by Nepalese writers, one news story published in the English newspaper, advertisements/banners, and diary entries, which were sampled purposively. The present study showed that hybridity is found in affixation, reduplication, compounding, blending, neologisms, and calques. Pedagogically, speakers of Nepalese English can utilize linguistic hybridization as a powerful tool to nativize English in the local contexts, exhibit hybrid identities and linguistic co-existence, exercise their bilingual linguistic creativity, reduce their linguistic anxiety, and maximize the linguistic economy.
Transformasi Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia: Keperluan Kajian Semula Terhadap Bentuk Hukuman Bagi Kes-Kes Jenayah Syariah
Authors: Jamal Jasri , Hashim Hasnizam
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini membincangkan tentang keperluan untuk mentransformasikan bentuk hukuman di Mahkamah Syariah. Akta Mahkamah Syariah (Bidang Kuasa Jenayah) 1965 (Pindaan 1984)[Akta 355] memperuntukkan bahawa Mahkamah Syariah dibenarkan menjatuhkan hukuman maksimum RM5000.00 denda, atau penjara maksimum 3 tahun atau sebatan 6 kali ataupun gabungan antara hukuman-hukuman berkenaan. Kesemua kesalahan dan hukuman yang disebutkan ini adalah termasuk di dalam konsep takfir yang ditentukan oleh pemerintah dalam konteks kes-kes jenayah syariah. Undang-undang ini sebenarnya telah pun telpakai sejak lebih 35 tahun tanpa mengalami sebarang pindaan. Di dalam Fiqh Islam, pindaan dan penambahbaikan terhadap sesuatu undang-undang yang berbentuk Takzir adalah perlu bagi membolehkan undang-undang tersebut sentiasa relevan dan mampu menangani permasalahan yang berlaku di dalam sesebuah masyarakat dan negara berkenaan.This article discusses on the need to transform and diversify the forms of punishment in the Syariah Court. The Syariah Court Act (Criminal Jurisdiction) 1965 (Amendment 1984) [Act 355] provides that Syariah Court could inflict a maximum of RM5000.00 fine, maximum of 3 years imprisonment or 6 lashes or combination thereof all of which fall under Takzir category; legislated by the government for the Syariah Criminal cases. These provisions have been in use for over 35 years in Malaysia without any modifications. In Islamic Fiqh, the law related to Takzir must always be reviewed to ensure that it relevant to suit with current problems of the society and the nation.
Effect of Teaching Comparative Jurisprudence in Faculties of Shari'ah in Consolidating the Concepts of Pluralism and Intellectual Freedom
Authors: Karim Hammad Hamza Abed
Published: April 2021

This study investigates the impact of teaching comparative jurisprudence in forming sound thought that believes in the right of having different views and opinions. as well as works to communicate with others. Furthermore, it demonstrates the impact ofteaching comparativejurisprudence in contributing to the formation of intellectual flexibility and mitigation of unilateralism, in addition to analyzing the impact of the comparative jurisprudential research methodology in establishing the principle of difference and pluralism. The study was based on the analytical method, the study concludes that the teaching of comparative jurisprudence -if conducted according to trend based on stating the importance of critical thinking and spreading the spirit of debate, and not confined to memorizing discussions, responses, appeals and objections; contribute to consolidate the concepts of pluralism and intellectual freedom; since the teaching of comparative jurisprudence based on a system of thought entrenched these concepts. The most remarkable aspect of that system is to accept the other opinion and determine the area of agreement and disagreement, and it shows clearly in resolving dispute area in the approach of studying comparative jurisprudence, as well as a focus on constructive critical thinking through discussing the evidences in the approach of studying comparative jurisprudence; In addition to believing in pluralism and not compelling others on accepting one viewpoint through making a comparison among jurisprudence viewpoints and basing on jurisprudent principle that not to reject provisions change because of times and places change.
The Misconceptions (Jadal) in Quran
Authors: Bello Muhammad Kamal-Deen , Toure Abdoul Karim , Mohamed Yusoff Adnan
Published: April 2021

Jadal (argumentation) is a method of expression that the Qur’ān Karim, the holy book of the Muslims embarks on in preaching its missions and conveying its messages. It also serves as guidance in everything, be it religious or otherwise. It takes some measures and methods to deliver and convey its messages to the word, e.g. qissah (story), qasam (oath), hathal (proverbs), hiwār (communication), Jadal/Muhājjah (argumentation) inclusive. However, out of these Qur’ānic methods, only argumentation (jadal/muhājjah) remains controversial that some scholars and writers have bias mind with. Some talk about its prohibition in the two major sources of sharīcah, Qur’ān and Sunnah. Some suggest abrogation of its verses in the Qur’ān, while other sees it as unlawful thing that should not be approached or drawn near to at all by a Muslim. It is against this background that this paper wants to examine study further and assess critically the misconceptions surrounding this natural phenomenon (jadal) in the light of the holy book; Qur’ān.
The Integration of Islam and Science: Al-Ghazali on Causality Revisited
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Radhi
Published: April 2021

ln contemporary debate, the integration between lslam and science becomes one of the main concerns among Muslim thinkers. Some consider that there is no clear connection between science and religion (lslam) and others re}ect this claim. The non-integration of lslam and science as seen by many is a result of several fundamental problems. ln this article l will endeavor to examine the root of problems from theological perspective with the focus on the concept of causality. Therefore, the article will examine the views of the Muslim theologians (mutakallimun) regarding the matter with special reference to Abu Hamid al-Ghazali in his renowned Tahafut al-Falasifa.
Naqli-Aqli Socio-Cultural Instructional Discourse: Characteristics Analysis
Authors: Sidek Harison Mohd , Ariff Zainal Tun Nur Afizah , Baharun Hazleena , Idrus Mohd Muzhafar , Mat Saad Noor Saazai
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of an instructional discourse within the realm of the socio-cultural theory with the integration of naqli perspectives. A pre-school teacher and a group of pre-school children participated in the study. Real time non-participant observation, field notes and postobservation of the videotaped of the selected conversation were the methods of data collection for the study. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the coding derived the literature review. The data were categorized in three characteristic themes: the interdependence between social and individual processes, co-construction of knowledge and the use of meaningful and purposeful language. The findings show that the selected instructional conversation reflects the characteristics of discourse within the realm of the socio-cultural theory. The implications of the study are discussed within the context of second language teaching.
Tahap Penguasaan Kemahiran Insaniah Pelajar Pengajian Islam
Authors: Zakaria Siti Kausar , Azman Norzaini , Amir Ruslin , Daud Mohd Noor
Published: April 2021

The study is a descriptive survey study that aims to see the level of soft skills among Islamic Studies students’ courses. A total of 346 samples from a population of 955 students in Bachelor courses of Islamic Studies from a public university participated in the study. Seven attributes of soft skills (soft skills) for university students as outlined by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia (MOHE) which include communication skills, leadership, teamwork, critical thinking and problem solving, lifelong learning, entrepreneurship and professional skills moral ethics were adopted. Data for this study were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Min analysis shows that students master the six constituents of soft skills at a high level unless entrepreneurial skills at moderate level. The highest skill mastered was teamwork skills, followed by learning skills and information management skills, leadership skills, critical thinking skills and problem solving, communication skills and moral and professional ethics. Entrepreneurial skills which was mastered the least need to be improved to encourage Islamic studies graduate to join entrepreneurship. The study recommends that the students to pursue other professional fields without forgetting the noble role to preach the message of Islam in any career endeavor.

Abstrak

Kajian ini merupakan kajian tinjauan secara deskriptif bertujuan untuk melihat tahap penguasaan kemahiran insaniah pelajar kursus Pengajian Islam. Seramai 346 sampel daripada 955 orang populasi pelajar Ijazah Sarjana Muda Kursus Pengajian Islam daripada sebuah universiti awam tempatan terlibat dalam kajian. Tujuh attribut kemahiran insaniah (softskill) untuk pelajar IPT seperti yang digariskan oleh Kementerian Pengajian Tinggi Malaysia (KPTM) merangkumi kemahiran komunikasi, kepimpinan, kerja berpasukan, berfikir kritis dan penyelesaian masalah, pembelajaran sepanjang hayat, keusahawanan dan kemahiran etika moral profesional (KPT 2006) digunapakai. Data kajian ini telah diperoleh melalui soal selidik dan dianalisis menggunakan prisian SPSS versi 17.0. Analisis min menunjukkan pelajar menguasai enam juzuk kemahiran insaniah pada tahap tinggi kecuali kemahiran keusahawanan pada tahap sederhana tinggi. Kemahiran yang paling tinggi dikuasai ialah kemahiran kerja berpasukan diikuti kemahiran pembelajaran berterusan dan pengurusan maklumat, kemahiran kemahiran kepimpinan, kemahiran pemikiran kritis dan penyelesaian masalah, kemahiran komunikasi dan kemahiran etika moral dan profesional. Kemahiran keusahawanan yang paling rendah dikuasai perlu dipertingkatkan sebagai usaha menggalakkan graduan pengajian Islam menceburi bidang keusahawanan. Kajian mencadangkan pelajar Pengajian Islam menceburi bidang-bidang profesional yang lainnya tanpa melupakan peranan mulia sebagai penyebar mesej keislaman dan pendakwah dalam apa jua karier yang diceburi.
Penerapan Potensi Murid Dalam Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam Di Prasekolah
Authors: Jasmi Kamarul Azmi , Mohamed Sofiah
Published: April 2021

The objective of the study is to explore the spiritual and socioemotional potential development of students in the teaching and learning (T&L) of Islamic Studies in preschools. The goals of preschool education are to develop the potential of students in a holistic and integrated manner with fun, creative, and meaningful leaning. As such, teachers need to play proactive roles with knowledge and determination to achieve these goals. This qualitative study, in the form of a case study, used the observation method as the main instrument. Data from the observations were triangulated with those from interviews and document analysis. Using the purposive sampling method, participants were selected among those who have obtained a diploma of education from teaching institutions, attended courses and trainings conducted by the Ministry of Education (MOE), and had more than three years of teaching experience at preschools. The results showed that in the T&L of Islamic Studies in preschools, teachers’ characteristics, knowledge, and creativity played a role in developing the potential of students. It is hoped that this study will contribute to our basic knowledge about T&L of Islamic Studies, particularly towards the efforts in developing the potential of spiritual and socioemotional of children.

Abstrak

Objektif kajian adalah meneroka perkembangan potensi rohani dan sosioemosi murid dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran (P&P) Pendidikan Islam prasekolah. Matlamat pendidikan prasekolah adalah untuk memperkembangkan potensi murid secara menyeluruh dan bersepadu dengan pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan, kreatif, dan bermakna. Oleh hal yang demikian, guru-guru perlu memainkan peranan yang proaktif dengan ilmu dan kesungguhan bagi mencapai matlamat ini.Kajiankualitatifberbentuk kajiankes ini menggunakan kaedah pemerhatian sebagai instrumen utama. Data pemerhatian ditriangulasikan pula dengan data temu bual dan analisis dokumen. Pemilihan peserta kajian menggunakan pensampelan bertujuan dengan ciri pemilihan mereka yang memiliki diploma pendidikan dari institusi perguruan, pernah mendapat kursus dan latihan dari Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM), serta berpengalaman mengajar prasekolah melebihi tiga tahun. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa dalam P&P Pendidikan Islam prasekolah terdapat peranan sifat guru, pengetahuan, dan kreativiti guru dalam membangunkan potensi murid. Oleh itu, adalah diharapkan dapatan kajian ini akan menyumbang ke arah pengetahuan asas kita mengenai proses P&P Pendidikan Islam terutama usaha mengembangkan potensi rohani dan sosioemosi kanak-kanak.
Benefit in Kind: Should It Be Exempted From Zakat?
Authors: Hamat Zahri , Radin Firdaus R.B. , Shaharuddin M.S.
Published: April 2021

In general, emoluments, allowances and all forms of income related to employment are considered as employment income zakat in Malaysia. However, based on the practice of zakat institutions in Malaysia, not all that is received in relation to employment is liable for mandatory zakat, including all forms of benefit in kind (BIK). On the other hand, in terms of taxation practice, all benefits in kind received by an employee are taxable by Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (LHDN), except for benefits listed in Paragraph 9. BIK refers to benefits given to employees, which cannot be convertible into money, such as motorcar and household furnishings, apparatus and appliances. It is worth noting that the discussion on the imposition of zakat on benefits in kind has not been given enough thought and justifiably raises questions. Therefore, in this study, three central questions have been raised with regards to BIK and zakat in Malaysia. Should BIK be considered under the category of “whatever received related to employment”? Why BIK should be subjected to employment income zakat? How BIK can be charged under the context of employment zakat? Based on the content analysis method, this paper presented a brief review to answer these questions. In general, this study is of the opinion that BIK is zakatable and LHDN’s income tax assessment method could be adopted for employment income zakat accounting.