bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Όψεις της μουσικής ζωής της Θεσσαλονίκης στο δεύτερο μισό του 20ου αιώνα
Authors: Σκαρλάτου Χρυσούλα
Published: March 2021

Η παρούσα μελέτη ερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο διαμορφώθηκαν οι μουσικές ταυτότητες των κατοίκων της Θεσσαλονίκης στις συγκεκριμένες πολιτικές, κοινωνικές και οικονομικές συνθήκες που επικράτησαν μετά το τέλος του Β’ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, στα πλαίσια της διαδικασίας ενσωμάτωσής της στο ελληνικό κράτος, που είχε πραγματοποιηθεί σαράντα χρόνια πρωτύτερα, με χρονικό πλαίσιο που ορίζεται ως το 2000. Μετά τον Β’ Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο και για λόγους εθνικής ασφάλειας, οι Η.Π.Α. προσέφεραν μεγάλη οικονομική βοήθεια στην αναδόμηση της κατεστραμμένης Ευρώπης, αλλά, στα πλαίσια της πολιτιστικής διπλωματίας, προώθησαν επίσης ένα σύστημα πεποιθήσεων, μέσα από δραστηριότητες όπως οι εκπαιδευτικές και πολιτιστικές ανταλλαγές και η δημιουργία δικτύων επιρροής, μέσα από την προσέγγιση ατόμων σε θέσεις-κλειδιά. Η ψυχροπολεμική αμερικανική πολιτιστική διπλωματία ήταν στενά συνυφασμένη με την επίσημη ελληνική πολιτιστική πολιτική κατά το χρονικό διάστημα που εξετάζεται στην παρούσα διατριβή, για την επιβολή μιας κυρίαρχης ιδεολογίας και κουλτούρας στον ελληνικό λαό, που πρέσβευε τον αντικομμουνισμό και την εθνικοφροσύνη. Η ελληνική δημόσια πολιτιστική πολιτική ως την Μεταπολίτευση ήταν σε μεγάλο βαθμό αυταρχική και συνδέθηκε με τη λογοκρισία, με στόχο τη διαμόρφωση της ταυτότητας του Έλληνα πολίτη και ανθρώπου της Δύσης για όλους τους πολίτες του κράτους. Η έρευνα εστίασε στη μελέτη της μουσικής δραστηριότητας της Ισραηλιτικής Κοινότητας Θεσσαλονίκης, του σωματείου «’Τέχνη’ Μακεδονική Καλλιτεχνική Εταιρεία» και της Χορωδίας του Μουσικού Τμήματος της Πανεπιστημιακής Φοιτητικής Λέσχης του Α.Π.Θ. «Γιάννης Μάντακας» . Παρουσιάζονται οι από πλευράς της κοινότητας μεταπολεμικές προσπάθειες δημιουργίας κοινοτικής ταυτότητας μέσα από τη σεφαραδίτικη μουσική παράδοση, η θέση της μουσικής της κοινότητας στην πόλη και η αλληλεπίδραση με τοπικούς φορείς στα πλαίσια μουσικών εκδηλώσεων. Η «Τέχνη», ένα σωματείο που δημιουργήθηκε από μια ομάδα φιλοτέχνων αστών, επέδειξε σημαντική πολιτιστική δράση συμβάλλοντας στη μουσική ζωή και στην δημιουργία πολιτισμικών (εκπαιδευτικών και καλλιτεχνικών) θεσμών στη Θεσσαλονίκη κατά το χρονικό διάστημα που εξετάζεται. Η χορωδία του Α.Π.Θ. αρχικά ιδρύθηκε για να πλαισιώνει μουσικά τις πανεπιστημιακές εκδηλώσεις, ωστόσο χάρη στην δυναμική παρουσία και αποτελεσματική διεύθυνση του ιδρυτή της Γιάννη Μάντακα σύντομα βγήκε έξω από τα όρια του πανεπιστημίου και επέκτεινε τη δράση της σε πανελλήνιο και διεθνές επίπεδο, διασυνδεόμενη με την ευρύτερη κοινωνία.
Η επικοινωνία στη διοίκηση της εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Χατζηνικολάου Αλκιβιάδης
Published: March 2021

Η διδακτορική διατριβή εστιάζει στον ρόλο που διαδραματίζει η επικοινωνία στη διοίκηση της εκπαίδευσης και πιο συγκεκριμένα, στα πεδία διαμόρφωσης του σχολικού κλίματος, της λήψης αποφάσεων και της σχολικής αποτελεσματικότητας. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, προσεγγίζεται θεωρητικά η έννοια των σχολικών μονάδων ως εκπαιδευτικών οργανισμών, η έννοια της εκπαιδευτικής-σχολικής διοίκησης αναφορικά με τη διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων και η έννοια της εκπαιδευτικής ηγεσίας ως μοχλός ανάπτυξης επικοινωνιακών διαπροσωπικών σχέσεων συνεργασίας και βελτίωσης της σχολικής αποτελεσματικότητας. Οι προσεγγίσεις αυτές γίνονται στη βάση μοντέλων οργάνωσης και διοίκησης σχολικών μονάδων σε σχέση με τον επικοινωνιακό ρόλο του σχολικού κλίματος. Πρόκειται για εμπειρική έρευνα καταγραφής απόψεων σχολικών διευθυντών και εκπαιδευτικών Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης Δωδεκανήσου και συγκριτική προσέγγιση των απόψεων αυτών. Για τη συλλογή των ερευνητικών δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκαν αυτοσχέδια, ειδικά δομημένα ερωτηματολόγια. Το πρώτο μέρος των ερωτηματολογίων περιέχει ερωτήσεις οι οποίες παρέχουν πληροφορίες για τα ατομικά και τα επαγγελματικά χαρακτηριστικά των διευθυντών και των εκπαιδευτικών. Το δεύτερο μέρος των ερωτηματολογίων συνδέεται με τους στόχους της έρευνας, οι οποίοι κατηγοριοποιήθηκαν σε τρεις (3) θεματικές ενότητες. Η 1η αναφέρεται στην υποδομή της σχολικής μονάδας η οποία εξετάζεται ως παράγοντας διαμόρφωσης του σχολικού κλίματος, η 2η αναφέρεται στη διοικητική κουλτούρα και επικοινωνία που αναπτύσσεται στη σχολική μονάδα και η 3η στις «διοικητικές σχέσεις» και στην επίδρασή τους στην επικοινωνία και το σχολικό κλίμα. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων της έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκε με την αξιοποίηση του στατιστικού πακέτου SPSS. Τα συμπεράσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ποσοτικές και ποιοτικές διαστάσεις του κομβικού ρόλου της επικοινωνιακής σχέσης που δημιουργείται, διαμορφώνεται και αναπτύσσεται στη Διοίκηση της Εκπαίδευσης, μεταξύ διευθυντών και εκπαιδευτικών. Η διευθυντική στήριξη και ενθάρρυνση, η ενδυνάμωση της συμμετοχής, της συνεργασίας και της συλλογικότητας για την υλοποίηση των στόχων του σχολείου συμβάλλουν στη διαμόρφωση του σχολικού κλίματος, τόσο σε διδακτικό όσο και σε διοικητικό επίπεδο, με επιπτώσεις στις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις, στη δημιουργία και καλλιέργεια σχολικής κουλτούρας και στη σχολική αποτελεσματικότητα. Για τον λόγο αυτό, οι σχέσεις αυτές θα πρέπει να λαμβάνονται σοβαρά υπόψη από την πολιτεία, για τη χάραξη της εκάστοτε εκπαιδευτικής πολιτικής και από τα στελέχη της εκπαίδευσης και τους εκπαιδευτικούς για την ανάπτυξη επικοινωνιακών διαπροσωπικών σχέσεων.
Τα έντυπα ελληνικά σατιρικά ημερολόγια, 1872-1931
Authors: Μάνος Τραϊανός
Published: March 2021

Αν ο τίτλος αυτής της εργασίας περιγράφει το υπό πραγμάτευση θέμα, ο υπότιτλός της δηλώνει τον τρόπο τον οποίο θεώρησα καταλληλότερο για να το προσεγγίσω: πρόκειται, δηλαδή, για μια ιστορικο-γραμματολογική κατά βάση επισκόπηση και, παράλληλα, για μια εκτενώς σχολιασμένη βιβλιογραφική καταγραφή μιας εντελώς αδιερεύνητης μέχρι σήμερα πτυχής του ελληνικού περιοδικού τύπου, που αφορά τα έντυπα, επίτομα, ελληνικά σατιρικά ημερολόγια της περιόδου 1872-1931. Σκοπός της διατριβής είναι αφενός η πλήρωση ενός βιβλιογραφικού κενού, με τον εντοπισμό, την αναλυτική βιβλιογράφηση, την πλήρη ευρετηρίαση και τη συνοπτική παρουσίαση των ελληνικών σατιρικών ημερολογίων που κυκλοφόρησαν κατά την περίοδο 1872-1931 (Β΄ Μέρος), αφετέρου η γενεαλογική ιχνηλάτηση, η κατά το δυνατόν πληρέστερη και πολυπρισματική μελέτη, η θεματική διερεύνηση και η γραμματολογική αποτίμησή τους (Α΄ Μέρος).
Supine‐Related Pseudoanemia in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Derakhshan Arsalan , Manesh Reza , Peterson Bennett A , Mohanty Bibhu D , Kickler Thomas S , Brotman Daniel J
Published: March 2021

A patient's supine posture redistributes plasma into the vascular space, leading to dilution of blood constituents. The extent to which posture may influence identification of hospital‐acquired anemia is unknown. Patients in this quasi‐experimental study had blood obtained for hemoglobin measurement while recumbent for at least 6 hours, and then again after sitting upright for at least 1 hour. Of the 35 patients who completed the study, 13 were women (37%). Patients had a median increase in hemoglobin of 0.60 g/dL (range, –0.6 to 1.4 g/dL) with sitting, a 5.2% (range, (–4.5% to 15.1%) relative change (P < .001). Ten of 35 patients (29%) exhibited an increase in hemoglobin of 1.0 g/dL or more. Posture influences hemoglobin levels in hospitalized patients on general medicine wards; this knowledge may help curb unnecessary testing to evaluate small changes in hemoglobin concentration.
Margaret Fuller and the New York Christian Inquirer
Authors: Matthews Holly
Published: March 2021

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PENSAMIENTO RELACIONAL EN LA ESCOLARIZACIÓN DE LA JERARQUÍA DE OPERACIONES Y ÁLGEBRA TEMPRANA EN PRIMARIA
Authors: Escobar Durán Uriel , Tirado Segura Felipe
Published: March 2021

El objetivo general de este estudio fue promover el pensamiento relacional en el análisis de expresiones numéricas, utilizando la jerarquía de operaciones, en alumnos de tercer grado de primaria. Se diseñó una secuencia psicoeducativa basada en la representación de propiedades numéricas y expresiones de igualdad por equivalencia, con base en actividades fenoménicas (didáctica fenomenológica) y en la aplicación de la jerarquía de operaciones. Treinta alumnos fueron evaluados a través de múltiples indicadores de su desempeño en dominios tanto procedimentales como conceptuales. El 71.43% de los escolares alcanzaron un nivel muy alto o alto de logro en tareas de la aplicación de la jerarquía de operaciones. Los resultados se discuten en términos de la relación entre el pensamiento relacional y las actividades fenoménicas con el nivel de logro de la jerarquía de operaciones.
CONSTRUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO SOBRE LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA MATEMÁTICA EN ESTUDIANTES PARA PROFESORES DE MATEMÁTICA A TRAVÉS DE VÍDEOS
Authors: Guerrero-Contreras Oscar
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación estudia de qué manera la integración de registros de la práctica (videos) a través de ambientes que favorezcan la interacción durante el análisis de esos registros de la práctica apoya la construcción de conocimiento sobre la enseñanza de las matemáticas. Se han analizado las respuestas de 23 estudiantes para profesor de matemáticas de educación secundaria a dos preguntas relacionadas con la competencia matemática presentadas en dos debates virtuales. Los resultados indican que las participaciones a los debates en forma de concuerda, concuerda y amplia, discrepa o discrepa o amplia favorecieron el proceso de apropiación de los instrumentos conceptuales provenientes de la didáctica de la matemática. Estos resultados subrayan como el uso de los videos favorece la construcción del conocimiento en los procesos de negociación de significados por parte de los estudiantes para profesor de matemática.
The Robot Revolution: Managerial and Employment Consequences for Firms
Authors: Dixon Jay , Hong Bryan , Wu Lynn
Published: March 2021

As a new general-purpose technology, robots have the potential to radically transform employment and organizations. In contrast to prior studies that predict dramatic employment declines, we find that investments in robotics are associated with increases in total firm employment but decreases in the total number of managers. Similarly, we find that robots are associated with an increase in the span of control for supervisors remaining within the organization. We also provide evidence that robot adoption is not motivated by the desire to reduce labor costs but is instead related to improving product and service quality. Our findings are consistent with the notion that robots reduce variance in production processes, diminishing the need for managers to monitor worker activities to ensure production quality. As additional evidence, we also find that robot investments predict improved performance measurement and increased adoption of incentive pay based on individual employee performance. With respect to changes in skill composition within the organization, robots predict decreases in employment for middle-skilled workers but increases in employment for low- and high-skilled workers. We also find that robots predict not only changes in employment but also corresponding adaptations in organizational structure. Robot investments are associated with both centralization and decentralization of decision-making authority depending on the task, but decision rights in either case are reassigned away from the managerial level of the hierarchy. Overall, our results suggest that robots have distinct and profound effects on employment and organizations that require fundamental changes in firm practices and organizational design.

This paper was accepted by Lamar Pierce, organizations.
Managing anticoagulation in pregnancy for the anaesthetist on the labour ward
Authors: Sceales Penny , Bampoe Sohail
Published: March 2021

Pregnancy is a hypercoaguable state. As part of the multidisciplinary team on labour ward, the anaesthetist plays a role particularly in advising the women and the obstetric team regarding the timing and even choice of regional analgesia given the potential risk of complications, as this may be affected by the anticoagulation treatment pregnant women may be on. It is important to understand the type of anticoagulation regimens parturients might be on and what sort of risk assessment they must undergo, as this has obstetric and anaesthetic implications. Although a rare presentation, management of women with mechanical prosthetic heart valves who are pregnant requires detailed and highly specialised care in tertiary care centres with a well-developed multidisciplinary team and pathway. Despite their rare presentation, it is important to understand the intricate and complex management that these women require as they have a high morbidity and mortality rate.
Perioperative acute kidney injury following major abdominal surgery
Authors: Tomlinson Ashley , Bullman Laetitia , Singh Rishabh , Forni Lui G
Published: March 2021

Major abdominal surgery is associated with significant morbidity, not least the development of acute kidney injury. As a common perioperative complication, acute kidney injury is associated with increased length of stay, increased risk of perioperative infection and the potential development of chronic kidney disease. Moreover, the development of acute kidney injury is independently associated with an increased risk of death. Perioperative acute kidney injury is not a single entity, but describes a clinical syndrome with multiple causes including physical causes related to the surgical procedure, ischaemia-reperfusion injury and the use of potential nephrotoxins. Currently, acute kidney injury is defined by changes in serum creatinine level and urine output criteria, which although robust in heterogenous populations, may not perform as accurately in the perioperative period. This article discusses these issues including the potential role of novel biomarkers for early detection of perioperative acute kidney injury, as well as the use of predictive modelling. Treatment is mainly supportive but evidence suggests that more targeted therapy may lead to improved outcomes.
Stress tested—to destruction?
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: March 2021

Stress can both motivate and demotivate employees in equal measure. The trick is for an employer and employee alike to find the right balance. Adam Bernstein provides guidance.
The challenges of a small medical journal to have international recognition in Indonesia: editors' perspectives
Authors: Freisleben Hans Joachim , Widjaja Felix Firyanto , Habibzadeh Farrokh
Published: March 2021

[No abstract available]
Why is lived experience important for market stewardship? A proposed framework for why and how lived experience should be included in stewarding disability markets
Authors: Meltzer Ariella , Dickinson Helen , Malbon Eleanor , Carey Gemma
Published: March 2021

Background:

Many countries use market forces to drive reform across disability supports and services. Over the last few decades, many countries have individualised budgets and devolved these to people with disability, so that they can purchase their own choice of supports from an available market of services.

Key points for discussion:

Such individualised, market-based schemes aim to extend choice and control to people with disability, but this is only achievable if the market operates effectively. Market stewardship has therefore become an important function of government in guiding markets and ensuring they operate effectively.

The type of evidence that governments tend to draw on in market stewardship is typically limited to inputs and outputs and has less insight into the outcomes services do or do not achieve. While this is a typical approach to market stewardship, we argue it is problematic and that a greater focus on outcomes is necessary.

Conclusions and implications:

To include a focus on outcomes, we argue that market stewards need to take account of the lived experience of people with disability. We present a framework for doing this, drawing on precedents where people with disability have contributed lived experience evidence within other policy, research, knowledge production and advocacy contexts.

With the lived experience evidence of people with disability included, market stewardship will be better able to take account of outcomes as they play out in the lives of those using the market and, ultimately, achieve greater choice and control for people with disability.
Submarine cable monitoring system based on enhanced COTDR with simultaneous loss measurement and vibration monitoring ability
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Zou Ningmu , Liang Lei , He Rulong , Liu Jingxiao , Zheng Yunyin , Wang Feng , Zhang Xuping , Zhang Yixin
Published: March 2021

A submarine cable monitoring system based on enhanced coherent optical time-domain reflectometry (E-COTDR) is realized. An improved optimal peak-seeking (OPS) based I/Q demodulation method is employed for simultaneous loss measurement and vibration monitoring. A single-end diagnosis range over 74km is achieved for the proposed E-COTDR, enabling the double-end cooperative system to have a single-span of 148km. For the multi-span cascaded cables over 1000km, the loss and vibration monitoring without fading zone is carried out for a single-span of 121km. The proposed system provides a reliable technical option for the next generation underwater cable monitoring applications.
Multi-frequency differential absorption lidar incorporating a comb-referenced scanning laser for gas spectrum analysis
Authors: Yu Saifen , Zhang Zhen , Li Manyi , Xia Haiyun
Published: March 2021

A multi-frequency differential absorption lidar incorporating a tunable laser and an optical frequency comb is demonstrated for precise spectrum analysis of atmospheric gas. The single frequency tunable laser is stabilized by locking to the optical frequency comb, with a standard deviation of 0.5 MHz. To achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio, a multi-mode superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with an active-area diameter of 50 µm, a quantum efficiency of 31.5%, and dark noise of 100 counts per second is implemented, which enables to avoid the need for high energy lasers. In the experiment, the range-resolved spectrum of atmospheric mixture gases (CO2 and HDO) in a region of 1572.2 - 1572.45 nm is obtained. Results show different partially overlapped absorption of two gases in different seasons, with a stronger influence of HDO on CO2 in summer than in winter. The interactions are taken into account by separating the mixture absorption spectrum (one CO2 line and two HDO lines) with triple-peak Voigt fitting. The retrieved concentrations over 6 km with a range resolution of 120 m and a time resolution of 10 min are compared with in-situ sensors. The uncertainties of the retrieved concentrations are as low as 6.5 µmol/mol (ppm) and 1×10−3 g/kg for CO2 and HDO, respectively.
3D reconstruction of the specular surface using an iterative stereoscopic deflectometry method
Authors: Han Hao , Wu Shiqian , Song Zhan , Gu Feifei , Zhao Juan
Published: March 2021

Phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) is an effective technique for three-dimensional measurement of specular surfaces. However, the ambiguity of monoscopic PMD and the time-consuming searching process of stereoscopic PMD are challenges for specular surface reconstruction. To solve it, we propose an iterative reconstruction algorithm for the stereoscopic phase measuring deflectometry system free of the time-consuming searching process for each pixel. An arbitrary seed point on the specular surface is accurately obtained via a coarse-to-fine optimization means without any other expensive and complicate auxiliaries. Then, a plane with the height of seed point is set as the initial surface form for the iteration, in which the pinhole model is used to find the linear relation to update the surface form. The converging height is the output as the final result. Simulations and experiments verify the feasibility and efficiency of our proposed method based on the stereoscopic phase measuring deflectometry system. The accuracy and robustness are comprehensively evaluated as well.
High sensitivity static Fourier transform spectrometer
Authors: Frassetto Fabio , Cocola Lorenzo , Zuppella Paola , Deppo Vania Da , Poletto Luca
Published: March 2021

Static Fourier transform spectrometers (S-FTSs) are well-consolidated instruments providing high throughput and high spectral resolution in a narrow spectral band. They use two reflective gratings as dispersive elements in a Michelson interferometer. Gratings allow high spectral dispersion and consequently high resolution, but, due to the light diffused from their grooves, they are one of the main noise sources in the reconstructed spectrum. In this work, we compare the signal-to-noise ratio performance of a prism-based S-FTS with that of a grating-based S-FTS. As a primary advantage, prisms give intrinsically lower diffused light than gratings. Furthermore, they do not have multiple diffracted orders, reducing thereafter the optical constraints on the instrumental baffling.
Dielectric travelling wave antennas for directional light emission
Authors: Leuteritz T. , Farheen H. , Qiao S. , Spreyer F. , Schlickriede C. , Zentgraf T. , Myroshnychenko V. , Förstner J. , Linden S.
Published: March 2021

We present a combined experimental and numerical study of the far-field emission properties of optical travelling wave antennas made from low-loss dielectric materials. The antennas considered here are composed of two simple building blocks, a director and a reflector, deposited on a glass substrate. Colloidal quantum dots placed in the feed gap between the two elements serve as internal light source. The emission profile of the antenna is mainly formed by the director while the reflector suppresses backward emission. Systematic studies of the director dimensions as well as variation of antenna material show that the effective refractive index of the director primarily governs the far-field emission pattern. Below cut off, i.e., if the director’s effective refractive index is smaller than the refractive index of the substrate, the main lobe results from leaky wave emission along the director. In contrast, if the director supports a guided mode, the emission predominately originates from the end facet of the director.
Flexible carbon fiber cloth decorated by Ag nanoparticles for high Raman enhancement
Authors: Ning Sun , Zhengkun Wang , Mu Jiang , Jie Zhang
Published: March 2021

We reported an efficient fabrication strategy for a three-dimensional structure based on large-area flexible carbon fiber cloth decorated by Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs-CFC). AgNPs with different sizes and morphologies were assembled on the surface of the CFC via a vacuum thermal evaporation and high-temperature annealing method. Samples with Ag film thickness of 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm and 50 nm were prepared and analyzed. The forming mechanism of AgNPs on the surface of CFC was studied in detail. Finite element numerical simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics were carried on to show the electronic field distributions of different samples based on SEM images. Raman measurements with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules as analytes indicated that the analytical enhancement factor (AEF) reaches to 2.4×1012 and a detection limit is as low as 1.0×10−14 mol/L.
CODON—Software to manual curation of prokaryotic genomes
Authors: Merlin Bruno , Castro Alves Jorianne Thyeska , de Sá Pablo Henrique Caracciolo Gomes , de Oliveira Mônica Silva , Dias Larissa Maranhão , da Silva Moia Gislenne , Cardoso dos Santos Victória , Veras Adonney Allan de Oliveira
Published: March 2021

Genome annotation conceptually consists of inferring and assigning biological information to gene products. Over the years, numerous pipelines and computational tools have been developed aiming to automate this task and assist researchers in gaining knowledge about target genes of study. However, even with these technological advances, manual annotation or manual curation is necessary, where the information attributed to the gene products is verified and enriched. Despite being called the gold standard process for depositing data in a biological database, the task of manual curation requires significant time and effort from researchers who sometimes have to parse through numerous products in various public databases. To assist with this problem, we present CODON, a tool for manual curation of genomic data, capable of performing the prediction and annotation process. This software makes use of a finite state machine in the prediction process and automatically annotates products based on information obtained from the Uniprot database. CODON is equipped with a simple and intuitive graphic interface that assists on manual curation, enabling the user to decide about the analysis based on information as to identity, length of the alignment, and name of the organism in which the product obtained a match. Further, visual analysis of all matches found in the database is possible, impacting significantly in the curation task considering that the user has at his disposal all the information available for a given product. An analysis performed on eleven organisms was used to test the efficiency of this tool by comparing the results of prediction and annotation through CODON to ones from the NCBI and RAST platforms.
Factors that influence performance in Olympic air-rifle and small-bore shooting: A systematic review
Authors: Spancken Sina , Steingrebe Hannah , Stein Thorsten
Published: March 2021

Background

Air-rifle and small-bore shooting are fascinating Olympic sports due to their unique performance requirements for accuracy and precision.

Objective

The purpose of our study was to systematically research the literature to determine and summarize performance determinants in both air-rifle and small-bore shooting. Since some athletes participate internationally in both disciplines in competition, the disciplines must have some similarity in the performance structure. Therefore, we further investigated whether performance in air-rifle and small-bore shooting can be explained by the same performance determinants.

Methods

We systematically searched in four databases using combined keywords relevant to performance in air-rifle and small-bore shooting. The articles included had undergone peer-review and had a) a direct relation to shooting performance, b) an indirect relation by comparing the performance of shooters of different skill levels, and c) a practical relevance (directly controllable through training). After the quality of each article was assessed, the key data were extracted and summarized.

Results

The fourteen articles included achieved an average of 60 ± 14% (range 30–80%) in quality assessment. Altogether, articles covered 268 subjects (32% female), of which 19% were elite- and 28% were national-level athletes. Sixteen performance determinants were investigated, which were divided into anthropometric, technical-coordinative, physiological and psychological categories. Both in air-rifle and small-bore shooting, rifle stability and body sway were found to differ between elite- and national-level athletes. In both disciplines, body sway seemed to have no influence on shot score in elite- and national-level athletes. Similarly, heart rate did not correlate with shot score at nearly all performance levels in both disciplines. In national-level air-rifle athletes, horizontal rifle stability, aiming accuracy and aiming time were found to affect shot score.

Conclusions

To be competitive at a national-level in air-rifle shooting, a highly developed aiming process is needed to achieve a high shot score. Lack of data prevented us from drawing evidence-based conclusions in elite-level air-rifle athletes and in small-bore shooting. Future research should investigate possible performance determinants both in air-rifle and in small-bore shooting, especially with elite-level athletes, to confirm or disprove existing findings. Further research should use more complex analyses to investigate the multifaceted processes associated with different performance determinants.
Body fat predicts exercise capacity in persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A machine learning approach
Authors: Nath Tanmay , Ahima Rexford S. , Santhanam Prasanna
Published: March 2021

Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) related morbidity, mortality and death. Exercise capacity in persons with type 2 diabetes has been shown to be predictive of cardiovascular events. In this study, we used the data from the prospective randomized LOOK AHEAD study and used machine learning algorithms to help predict exercise capacity (measured in Mets) from the baseline data that included cardiovascular history, medications, blood pressure, demographic information, anthropometric and Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) measured body composition metrics. We excluded variables with high collinearity and included DXA obtained Subtotal (total minus head) fat percentage and Subtotal lean mass (gms). Thereafter, we used different machine learning methods to predict maximum exercise capacity. The different machine learning models showed a strong predictive performance for both females and males. Our study shows that using baseline data from a large prospective cohort, we can predict maximum exercise capacity in persons with diabetes mellitus. We show that subtotal fat percentage is the most important feature for predicting the exercise capacity for males and females after accounting for other important variables. Until now, BMI and waist circumference were commonly used surrogates for adiposity and there was a relative under-appreciation of body composition metrics for understanding the pathophysiology of CVD. The recognition of body fat percentage as an important marker in determining CVD risk has prognostic implications with respect to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Static vs. dynamic methods of delivery for science communication: A critical analysis of user engagement with science on social media
Authors: Habibi Sarah A. , Salim Lidya
Published: March 2021

Science communication has been increasingly viewed as a necessity and obligation of scientists in recent years. The rise of Web 2.0 technologies, such as social media, has made communication of science to the public more accessible as a whole. While one of the primary goals of science communication is to increase public engagement, there is very little research to show the type of communication that fosters the highest levels of engagement. Here we evaluate two social medial platforms, Instagram and TikTok, and assess the type of educational science content (ESC) that promotes user awareness and overall engagement. Specifically, we measured the level of engagement between static and dynamic posts on Instagram, and lecture-style and experimental videos on TikTok. User engagement is measured through the analysis of relative number of likes, comments, shares, saves, and views of each post in the various categories. We found that users interact with ESC significantly more (p<0.05) when the content is presented in dynamic ways with a component of experimentation. Together, we took the findings of this study and provided a series of suggestions for conducting science communication on social media, and the type of ESC that should be used to promote better user outcomes.
Functional outcomes in the inpatient rehabilitation setting following severe COVID-19 infection
Authors: Olezene Cameron Spencer , Hansen Elizabeth , Steere Hannah K. , Giacino Joseph T. , Polich Ginger R. , Borg-Stein Joanne , Zafonte Ross D. , Schneider Jeffrey C.
Published: March 2021

Objective

To characterize the functional impairments of a cohort of patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation after surviving severe COVID-19 illness, in order to better understand the ongoing needs of this patient population.

Methods

This study consisted of a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and admitted to a regional inpatient rehabilitation hospital from April 29th to May 22nd, 2020. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics and complications from acute hospitalization were examined. Measures of fall risk (Berg Balance Scale), endurance (6 Minute Walk Test), gait speed (10 Meter Walk Test), mobility (transfer and ambulation independence), cognition, speech and swallowing (American Speech and Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System Functional Communication Measures) were assessed at rehabilitation admission and discharge.

Results

The study population included 29 patients and was 70% male, 58.6% white and with a mean age of 59.5. The mean length of acute hospitalization was 32.2 days with a mean of 18.7 days intubated. Patients spent a mean of 16.7 days in inpatient rehabilitation and 90% were discharged home. Patients demonstrated significant improvement from admission to discharge in measures of fall risk, endurance, gait speed, mobility, cognition, speech and swallowing, (p< 0.05). At discharge, a significant portion of the population continued to deficits in cognition (attention 37%; memory 28%; problem solving 28%), balance (55%) and gait speed (97%).

Conclusion

Patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation after hospitalization with COVID-19 demonstrated deficits in mobility, cognition, speech and swallowing at admission and improved significantly in all of these domains by discharge. However, a significant number of patients exhibited residual deficits at discharge highlighting the post-acute care needs of this patient population.
Oncology professionals’ perspectives towards cardiac surveillance in breast cancer patients with high cardiotoxicity risk: A qualitative study
Authors: Koop Yvonne , Dobbe Laura , Maas Angela H. E. M. , van Spronsen Dick Johan , Atsma Femke , El Messaoudi Saloua , Vermeulen Hester
Published: March 2021

Breast cancer (BC) patients have an increased risk of developing cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) and cardiovascular morbidity, which seems to have a substantial prognostic impact. Oncologists, in collaboration with dedicated cardiologists, have the opportunity to perform cardiovascular risk stratification. Despite guideline recommendations, strategies to detect cardiac damage at an early stage are not structurally implemented in clinical practice. The perspectives of oncology professionals regarding cardiac surveillance in BC patients have not been qualitatively evaluated. We aim to explore the perceptions of oncology professionals regarding cardiac surveillance in BC patients and, more specifically, the influencing factors of delivering cardiac surveillance. A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted and thematically analyzed. Twelve oncology professionals participated in this study. Four themes were selected to answer the study objectives: (1) sense of urgency, (2) multidisciplinary collaboration, (3) patient burden, and (4) practical tools for cardiac surveillance. Most professionals did not feel the need to deliver cardiac surveillance as they considered the incidence of CTRCD as rare. Multidisciplinary collaboration was also perceived as unnecessary, and cardiac surveillance was considered disproportionately burdensome with respect to its benefits. Nevertheless, professionals affirmed the need for practical tools to deliver cardiac surveillance. Most professionals are currently unaware of CTRCD incidence and cardiac surveillance benefits. Encouraging multidisciplinary collaboration and improving their knowledge of cardiotoxic effects of treatments and possibility of early detection can lead to structured cardiac surveillance for breast cancer patients.
Socio-demographic correlate of knowledge and practice toward COVID-19 among people living in Mosul-Iraq: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Saeed Balsam Qubais , Al-Shahrabi Rula , Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi
Published: March 2021

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a worldwide pandemic, many countries’ authorities, including the Iraqi authorities, started responding and taking action to control the spread of the pandemic. The public’s knowledge and practices play an important role in curbing the spreading of the virus by following the health guidelines. This study aimed to assess the socio-demographic correlate of knowledge and practices of Iraqi living in Mosul-Iraq towards COVID-19 during its rapid rise. A cross-sectional online survey of 909 participants was conducted among a sample of the Mosul-Iraq population between 20th June to 1st July 2020. The survey included three parts: 1) socio-demographic characteristics, 2) participants’ knowledge, 3) participants’ practices. T-test, ANOVA, chi-square, and binary logistic regression were used. A p-value less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) was considered statistically significant. The results showed a knowledge and practice mean score of (12.91±1.67) and (21.56± 2.92) with cumulative knowledge and practice of 86% and 76% respectively towards COVID-19. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age, marital status, gender, level of education and employment were statistically related with a higher mean score of knowledge and practice towards the virus as P<0.05. We concluded that the majority of the respondents demonstrate a high level of knowledge and practices towards COVID-19 except for respondents with socio-demographic characteristics such as those who were younger, male respondents, those with lower education and those unemployed as such campaigns that will increase the knowledge and encourage adequate preventive practice towards COVID-19 should be targeted towards this group.
Staphylococcus aureus cell wall structure and dynamics during host-pathogen interaction
Authors: Sutton Joshua A. F. , Carnell Oliver T. , Lafage Lucia , Gray Joe , Biboy Jacob , Gibson Josie F. , Pollitt Eric J. G. , Tazoll Simone C. , Turnbull William , Hajdamowicz Natalia H. , Salamaga Bartłomiej , Pidwill Grace R. , Condliffe Alison M. , Renshaw Stephen A. , Vollmer Waldemar , Foster Simon J.
Published: March 2021

Peptidoglycan is the major structural component of theStaphylococcus aureuscell wall, in which it maintains cellular integrity, is the interface with the host, and its synthesis is targeted by some of the most crucial antibiotics developed. Despite this importance, and the wealth of data fromin vitrostudies, we do not understand the structure and dynamics of peptidoglycan during infection. In this study we have developed methods to harvest bacteria from an active infection in order to purify cell walls for biochemical analysisex vivo. Isolatedex vivobacterial cells are smaller than those actively growingin vitro, with thickened cell walls and reduced peptidoglycan crosslinking, similar to that of stationary phase cells. These features suggested a role for specific peptidoglycan homeostatic mechanisms in disease. AsS.aureusmissing penicillin binding protein 4 (PBP4) has reduced peptidoglycan crosslinkingin vitroits role during infection was established. Loss of PBP4 resulted in an increased recovery ofS.aureusfrom the livers of infected mice, which coincided with enhanced fitness within murine and human macrophages. Thicker cell walls correlate with reduced activity of peptidoglycan hydrolases.S.aureushas a family of 4 putative glucosaminidases, that are collectively crucial for growth. Loss of the major enzyme SagB, led to attenuation during murine infection and reduced survival in human macrophages. However, loss of the other three enzymes Atl, SagA and ScaH resulted in clustering dependent attenuation, in a zebrafish embryo, but not a murine, model of infection. A combination ofpbp4andsagBdeficiencies resulted in a restoration of parental virulence. Our results, demonstrate the importance of appropriate cell wall structure and dynamics during pathogenesis, providing new insight to the mechanisms of disease.
TcpC inhibits toll-like receptor signaling pathway by serving as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes degradation of myeloid differentiation factor 88
Authors: Fang Jia-qi , Ou Qian , Pan Jun , Fang Jie , Zhang Da-yong , Qiu Miao-qi , Li Yue-qi , Wang Xiao-Hui , Yang Xue-yu , Chi Zhe , Gao Wei , Guo Jun-ping , Miethke Thomas , Pan Jian-ping
Published: March 2021

TcpC is a virulence factor of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). It was found that TIR domain of TcpC impedes TLR signaling by direct association with MyD88. It has been a long-standing question whether bacterial pathogens have evolved a mechanism to manipulate MyD88 degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Here, we show that TcpC is a MyD88-targeted E3 ubiquitin ligase. Kidney macrophages from mice with pyelonephritis induced by TcpC-secreting UPEC showed significantly decreased MyD88 protein levels. Recombinant TcpC (rTcpC) dose-dependently inhibited protein but not mRNA levels of MyD88 in macrophages. Moreover, rTcpC significantly promoted MyD88 ubiquitination and accumulation in proteasomes in macrophages. Cys12 and Trp106 in TcpC are crucial amino acids in maintaining its E3 activity. Therefore, TcpC blocks TLR signaling pathway by degradation of MyD88 through ubiquitin-proteasome system. Our findings provide not only a novel biochemical mechanism underlying TcpC-medicated immune evasion, but also the first example that bacterial pathogens inhibit MyD88-mediated signaling pathway by virulence factors that function as E3 ubiquitin ligase.
Peripheral Halo in a Thyroid Nodule - A Sign of Benignity
Authors: Unadkat Bhavik , Phatak Suresh Vasant , Pavanan Asish , Patwa Prerna Anup
Published: March 2021

Thyroid pathology is very common in general population, even when on inspection no abnormality is detected, nodules are seen on ultrasound sonography (USG). We are describing importance of peripheral halo sign in the diagnosis of benign nodules. Among all the endocrine gland lesions noted in India, thyroid lesion is the most common. In about 19 - 60 % of the adult population thyroid nodules are seen; however, less than 1 % of the thyroid nodules are malignant. Halo seen on ultrasound near the thyroid is considered as reliable and specific sign of benignity. 1 The morphological characteristics that suggest that the thyroid nodule is benign are echogenicity of thyroid gland in that being the identical echo signal or being moderately hyperechogenic corresponding to surrounding normal thyroid tissue. The solid nodule may be accompanied by a hypoechoic halo, which represents compressed thyroid tissue, fibrous connective tissue and vessels. The cystic nodule lesion contains colloid, and this appears as a hyper-echogenic spot with “comet-tail shadowing or ring-down sign”.2 The spongiform appearance on ultrasound has specificity of 99.7 % for benign disease it has 98.5 % negative predictive value for malignancy. 3,4 At the peripheries of the nodule, complete eggshell calcification is noted.5 A thyroid nodule with the above-mentioned characteristics is considered to be benign nodule and it does not require fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and in such patients there is neither a risk of malignancy nor a follow up USG is recommended.2 In benign thyroid lesion, there is rapid and controlled growth of thyroid cells compressing the surrounding thyroid parenchyma appearing as the echogenic rim called as sonolucent halo, on the contrary, malignant lesion has spontaneous but uncontrolled growth of the cells which lack cellular cohesion causing incomplete halo.6
Voltaire e o século de Luís XIV: a vitória das Luzes
Authors: Miranda Luiz Francisco Albuquerque
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo é um estudo do significado histórico que Voltaire atribuiu ao reinado de Luís XIV. O tema oferece a oportunidade de analisar as ligações do pensamento ilustrado com a concepção de vida civilizada elaborada pelas sociedades de corte européias dos séculos XVII e XVIII. Possibilita também uma reflexão a respeito do projeto social da Ilustração francesa. No caso de Voltaire, esse projeto articula-se com a idéia de progresso histórico, problema abordado ao longo do artigo.
Zaratustra e o Fracasso Pedagógico
Authors: De Brito Maria dos Remédios
Published: March 2021

Zaratustra e o fracasso pedagógico 1

Resumo: O presente texto toma o Prólogo da obra Assim Falou Zaratustra, precisamente, aquilo que se pode chamar de fracasso pedagógico. O argumento é que Zaratustra não fracassa ao dialogar com o povo na praça do mercado, mas faz desse encontro o seu primeiro ato fundamental de formação e aprendizado.

Palavras-chave: Zaratustra; Formação; Fracasso Pedagógico.

Zaratustra y el fracaso pegagogico 1

Resumen: El presente texto toma el prólogo de la obra Así habló Zaratustra, precisamente, lo que podría llamarse el fracaso pedagogico. El argumento es que Zaratustra no fracasa deja de diálogo con las personas en la plaza del mercado, pero este encuentro su primer acto fundamental de la formación y el aprendizaje.

Palabras clave: Zaratustra; Formación; El fracaso pedagógico.

Zarathustra and the pedagogical failure 1

 Abstract: The following text takes the prologue of Thus Spoke Zarathustra, precisely, that which may be called a pedagogical failure. The argument herein is that Zarathustra does not fail when he dialogues with people in the market square; instead he turns this encounter into his first fundamental act of formation and learning.

Keywords : Zarathustra; Formation; Pedagogical Failure

Data de registro: 30/01/2020

Data de aceite: 27/05/2020

[1] 'Pedagógico é relativo à pedagogia, que tem como etimologia gr. Paidagõgía, direção ou educação da criança. Do lat. Paedagõga (lex), lei que serve de guia'. (Cf: Dicionário Houaiss da língua portuguesa. Instituto Antonio Houaiss. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, 2001.) Contudo, gostaria de enfatizar que o termo "pedagógico" não será entendido neste trabalho como um conjunto de métodos, de direção, de técnicas de ensino e de condução. A sua utilização demanda, neste estudo, sentidos de criação, tornar-se, superar-se, ou seja, constituir-se. Dessa maneira, inspira uma perspectiva formativa. É assim que este termo pode ser lido neste texto, ou seja, toma uma leitura diferenciada do que seja a sua própria etimologia.
Kollaborative Wege in die Smart City
Authors: Ortiz André , Ludwig Dorothea , Pollmüller Frithjof , Becker Daniela , Noll Florian
Published: March 2021

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrags steht ein kollaborativer Ansatz zur Entwicklung eines dynamischen Wärmekatasters, das als Planungs­instrument für die Wärmewende in der Smart City und zur Erreichung des Ziels klimaneutraler Städte dienen soll. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird aufgezeigt, wie in einem transdisziplinären Technikentwicklungsprozess Elemente der Nutzer*innenbeteiligung zum Tragen kommen und wie auf diese Weise ein an die mehrschichtigen Anforderungen der Stakeholder angepasstes Instrumentarium entwickelt werden kann.