bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexibilização dos direitos humanos? (In)compatibilidades da flexibilização do trabalho no Brasil com o direito a condições dignas de trabalho
Authors: Vasconcelos Rafael Baltar de Abreu
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo busca subsidiar o debate sobre o papel que os direitos humanos podem desempenhar para a proteção da dignidade do trabalhador ante a flexibilização trabalhista, impulsionada pela globalização. Ele analisa se o direito a condições justas e favoráveis de trabalho, previsto pelo artigo 7.º do Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais (Pidesc), constitui um limite normativo para as medidas de flexibilização adotadas pelo Brasil dos anos 90 até o advento da Lei n. 13.467/2017, realçando as compatibilidades e incompatibilidades entre ambos. O artigo esclarece que, para responder a essa questão, deve-se considerar que, assim como o Direito do Trabalho, o sistema internacional de direitos humanos também foi permeado pela influência da globalização. E que isso se deu mediante uma reinterpretação do artigo 7.º do Pidesc, feita pelo Comitê de Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais, que, afastando-se do significado original desse dispositivo, passou a entendê-lo de forma delimitada pelos termos explícitos da sua redação. Este trabalho demonstra que essa visão possibilita que vários elementos da flexibilização trabalhista no Brasil sejam considerados compatíveis com o direito a condições justas e favoráveis de trabalho, e que, portanto, os direitos humanos constituem um instrumento limitado para a proteção do trabalhador. Embasada por trabalhos críticos da globalização, das áreas do Direito Internacional e do Direito do Trabalho, a pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, e possui uma abordagem hipotético-dedutiva e um procedimento histórico e empírico, baseando-se em materiais bibliográficos, legislação, tratados, relatórios governamentais, declarações e documentos do Comitê.
A importância da estruturação dos programas de compliance e a prevenção da lavagem de dinheiro nas instituições financeiras
Authors: Mendes Alana Guimarães , Guimarães Paulo Marajá Mares
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo pretende abordar a aplicação do criminal compliance nas instituições financeiras no tocante à prevenção e repressão do crime de lavagem de capitais. A partir disso, elabora-se o seguinte problema: Como deve ser estruturado um programa de criminal compliance que evite ou mitigue a responsabilização dos dirigentes das instituições financeiras no caso de atos de lavagem de capitais? Dessa forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar a influência do compliance nas instituições financeiras, no tocante ao delito de lavagem de capitais nessas instituições. O referencial teórico-metodológico refere-se à Teoria do Incremento do Risco (Roxin) e à Teoria da Sociedade de Risco (Beck). A metodologia adotada pautar-se-á pelo método dedutivo, partindo-se da premissa geral (o sistema de compliance) para a premissa especial (a aplicação do sistema de criminal compliance aplicável às instituições financeiras) por meio de pesquisa descritiva. Como resultado dessa investigação o estudo revela a necessidade de estruturação de critérios objetivos que possam orientar os empresários e demais envolvidos que prestam e realizam serviços em instituições financeiras, a fim de evitar a responsabilização criminal.
A critical assessment of the United States' National Security Strategy and its impact on Latin America
Authors: Salgado Rodrigues Bernardo
Published: August 2023

The National Security Strategy (NSS) are specific documents prepared periodically by the United States’ executive, describing the main concerns of Americans’ national security and developing strategies to face the challenges. At the same time, by exposing the US government’s strategic vision, it contributes to informing the US government’s approach and intent on various topics related to security and foreign policy. This paper seeks to analyze the NSS of the last four American presidents, in a time frame that runs from the immediate post-Cold War to Trump’s administration, as well as its influences with regard to Latin America. Using a quantitative method, through the frequency content analysis, and a qualitative methodology, based on the empirical-deductive method, the central objective is to rationalize that, although there was a relative power vacuum at the beginning of the 21 st century, there is a return of the region as an important geopolitical and geoeconomic space in contemporary times.
Política Externa de Defesa no Século XXI Riscos e Consequências para o Brasil de um Possível Reconhecimento do Hezbollah como Organização Terrorista
Authors: Alves da Cunha Kalil Mariana
Published: August 2023

O objetivo geral deste artigo é observar riscos e consequências do reconhecimento, pelo Brasil, do Hezbollah como organização terrorista. O objetivo específico é a compreensão das questões subjacentes a pressões internacionais por esse reconhecimento. Apresentam-se definições de política externa de defesa, de narcoterrorismo, do Hezbollah, além de utilizarem-se como parâmetros aqueles países que já reconheceram o grupo como terrorista ao lado de frustrações e lições aprendidas pelo Brasil em política externa de defesa em outro período multipolar. Deduzem- se, assim, riscos e consequências no âmbito da Defesa e da Segurança Nacional do reconhecimento do Hezbollah como grupo terrorista pelo Brasil em face de interesses geopolíticos Europeus e dos Estados Unidos, da presença do Brasil na UNIFIL, da importância da África Atlântica para o país diante da crise do Golfo da Guiné e do narcoterrorismo presente na região ao lado da pirataria, além dos riscos e das consequências para a paz da comunidade judaica no Brasil. Conclui-se que o reconhecimento de uma organização como terrorista é de caráter político, devendo assim ser tratado em uma negociação que equilibre, portanto, a vontade de fazer o que parece moralmente correto com riscos e consequências para os interesses de longo prazo do Estado.
The potential impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on international defense and security
Authors: Lauro Adriano , Rodrigues Corrêa Claudio , Jacobino Honório Thiago
Published: August 2023

The world is struggling with the widely spread effects of the virus Covid-19. The damage until now took more than a million people in less than a year, which is more than a considerably number of small wars together. The purpose of this article is to identify signs, uncertainties and trends from future studies that have been written in the last few months by government agencies, large private companies, academic institutions and worldwide organizations about the influence of the pandemic in areas such as economy, international relations, geopolitics, environment, technology and society in order to assess those of main potential impacts for national defense and international security. The methodology relied on semantic analysis application based on 55 selected futures studies (reports, papers, books etc.) written in three largely spoken languages regarding both Covid-19 and prospective scenarios. The analysis focus on the complex tangle between technology and society, as well as, between politics and economy. The results are summarized in a list of variables of trend or uncertainties followed by some possible impacts on how they can interact or affect the issue. This paper points out the necessity to look over this pandemic horizon with contributions from different government departments, think tanks, academics and non- governmental organizations to short the time-lapse between the strategic formulation and its results.
Sociedade versus criminalidade organizada um olhar sobre o emprego das Forças Armadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (2010 - 2015)
Authors: Mendes Aguiar Santos Daniel , Xavier Ferreira Glaser Migon Eduardo
Published: August 2023

Trata-se de um estudo de caso cujo objetivo é analisar o em- prego das Forças Armadas no enfrentamento à criminalidade organizada em áreas urbanas, enfocando as regiões dos Com- plexos do Alemão e da Penha (2010-2012) e do Complexo da Maré (2014-2015), no Estado do Rio de Janeiro para, a seguir, inferir acerca de aspectos que otimizem a gestão da segurança pública neste sentido. Sob o prisma da Complexidade, ado- tou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, combinando o estudo de dois casos específicos para operacionalizar a análise propos- ta. A revisão da literatura apoia-se em fontes bibliográficas, priorizando marcos conceituais típicos das Ciências Militares e dos Estudos de Defesa, e documentais (fontes primárias). Os resultados apontaram que a aplicação do poder público apresentou uma descontinuidade após a atuação das Forças Armadas, cedendo espaço à rearticulação da criminalidade organizada. Ademais, indicaram que a segurança pública só se torna sustentável quando decorre de um conjunto de proje- tos públicos capazes de neutralizar a geografia das desigual- dades, indo muito além do uso da força e do aparato militar.
Colônias militares na região Norte do Brasil colonização, povoamento e seu arcabouço jurídico ao longo dos anos
Authors: de Almeida Paim Rodrigo , Franchi Tássio
Published: August 2023

As colônias militares foram instituídas no II Reinado do Brasil Império e se estenderam até meados do Século XX, devido a necessidade de defender pontos estratégicos do território, afastar do seio social condenados e propiciar o povoamento do interior. O presente trabalho visa analisar a relevância das colônias militares situadas na região Norte do Brasil bem como o seu ordenamento jurídico propon- do-se a responder a seguinte questão problema: quais as características históricas das colônias militares; seu arca- bouço jurídico que foram retomados no século XX, a fim de valorizar regiões estratégicas no Norte do País? Realizou- -se pesquisa bibliográfica em obras e trabalhos acadêmicos que abordam a temática, bem como consulta documental nos Relatórios dos Ministros e Secretários de Estado dos Negócios da Guerra e nos Relatórios dos Ministros de Es- tado da Guerra, disponibilizados pelo Arquivo Histórico do Exército e pelo Center for Research Libraries. O trabalho destaca como principal resultado o fato de que as Colô- nias Militares favoreceram a colonização e o povoamento da região Norte, bem como sua defesa, na medida em que promoveram a presença de colonos brasileiros de modo duradouro em regiões e vias estratégicas para o país.
Um veneno letal e uma reflexão sobre a propriedade industrial de bens perigosos o caso da ricina
Authors: Prado Dall’Agnol Rogéria , da Silva Gabriel Francisco
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de indicadores sobre patentes e/ou pedidos de patentes de produtos ou processos que envolvessem a ricina (Ricinus communis L.), uma toxina contida nas sementes de mamona e que é considerada um dos venenos mais letais do mundo. Foi realizado o mapeamento do quantitativo de todos os depósitos de pedidos de patentes relacionados a esta toxina, cruzando-se os dados obtidos com outras informações com o fim de obter novos indicadores que permitissem uma análise de exploração inicial a respeito da Propriedade Industrial e a proliferação da ricina como Arma Química. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória com abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas em relação à coleta e análise de dados. A base escolhida para a recuperação dos dados de patentes foi a Derwent Innovations Index. Dos resultados obtidos foi possível observar que há aumento, principalmente nos últimos 10 anos, de pedidos de patentes que envolvem a ricina e que, com 4144 mil, a China detém o maior número de pedidos de patentes, seguida de 1243 mil pedidos da Organização Mundial de Propriedade Intelectual (OMPI), ficando os Estados Unidos em terceira posição com 705 pedidos e o Brasil em décima posição com 45 pedidos de patentes. Fica evidente o crescimento nos números de pedidos de patentes envolvendo a ricina e que o grande número de informações contidas nos documentos de patentes bem como as concessões destas para exploração industrial podem colaborar para o uso da ricina como Arma de Destruição em Massa.
Contemporary Economic Crises and their Impact on the Activities of Organizations
Authors: Beilina Anna , Zinchenko Natalya , Nigmatullina Gulnara , Akhtemyanova Svetlana
Published: August 2023

Economic crises affect modern organizations for different financial and epidemiological reasons. Sustainable development of the organization requires to a change the model of managerial decision-making. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the crisis phenomena impact on the organization’s activities and to create a model of managerial decision-making that ensures adaptation to environmental challenges and sustainability of development. The authors use the analysis of open source content, systematization, tables; comparative, economic and morphological analysis. The authors analyze the impact of crises on the development of Russian organizations. The research shows that a crisis can have both negative and positive consequences for organizations. In order for an organization to benefit from the crisis, it is necessary to identify risks and weaknesses, assess emerging opportunities. A model of managerial decision-making in an organization under the conditions of the external uncertainty is proposed.
Project Activities in the Construction Industry: the Specifics of Competition and the Development Forecast
Authors: Rodin Evgeniy
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the construction industry processes under the influence of recent changes to identify the most competitive strategy and forecast further market development. The article might be of interest to the construction market players in the field of public procurement. Competition in the construction industry remains very high and intensifies over time, which is why many players are leaving the market. Among the main success factors in the market are revenue management, order portfolio, customer base, and high specialization. The author analyzes the competition in construction market project activities in the field of public procurement on the basis of the M. Porter’s 5 factors of competition. Based on a survey of industry experts, the main success factors in the market are identified. The success factors are new knowledge that can be used both to improve the work of current market participants and to help new players to enter the market.
Concept of the Integrated Digital Ecosystem Architecture of the Kemerovo Region Featuring Mechanism of Data Collection
Authors: Abramov Viktor , Andreev Vitaliy
Published: August 2023

The article proposes the integrated digital ecosystem concept for Kemerovo region with a mechanism for data collection and transformation. The concept meets the requirements for the creation of a data management center in the Kemerovo region. The requirements are specified in the Digital transformation strategy for economic sectors, social sphere and public administration of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass. The authors analyze the strategy and list the characteristics of the current digital ecosystem of the region. The article reveals inconsistency in the interaction of state and municipal authorities with business structures and citizens of the region in the digital environment. The authors describe the expediency of applying the proposed concept in the Kemerovo region for a positive impact on the provision of social and economic benefits in the region. The effectiveness of digital ecosystems with data collection and transformation mechanisms is confirmed by examples of different countries. Thanks to the proposed concept, the requirements of legislation are met, the lack of consistency in the interaction of public authorities is resolved.
Test Article
Authors: Press IEREK
Published: August 2023

Test abstract
Evaluación del proyecto de saneamiento transfronterizo en Ambos Nogales. Identificando lo homogéneo de lo diverso
Authors: García Ochoa Rigoberto , Zuniga-Teran Adriana , Cervera Gómez Luis Ernesto , Scott Christopher A. , Peña Sergio , Balarezo Vasquez Tomas , Buechler Stephanie , Muñan Valencia Jorge Alberto , Martinez-Molina Karina Guadalupe
Published: August 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivo caracterizar a la población de Ambos Nogales en función de sus opiniones sobre los impactos generados por el proyecto de ampliación y evaluación de proyectos de modernización del sistema de saneamiento transfronterizo durante el periodo 2000-2018, para identificar criterios de evaluación ex post que fortalezcan estrategias de gobernanza de políticas públicas en materia de agua y saneamiento. Se aplicó una encuesta aleatoria representativa a nivel ciudad. El análisis de información se realizó mediante el método de conglomerados jerárquicos y el método de análisis de correspondencias múltiples. Los resultados evidencian la conformación de grupos o segmentos de población con alta homogeneidad interna y alta heterogeneidad intergrupal en ambas ciudades, evidencia empírica permite construir una tipología de grupos de población. Como conclusión, se propone una serie de acciones con el objetivo de impulsar una gobernanza transfronteriza y sostenible tendiente a mejorar la opinión pública sobre dicha obra.
Conception of Sustainable Development in Local Philosophies of Scandinavian Countries
Authors: Borre Bragdo Magnus , Tuszyńska Ligia , Żeber-Dzikowska Ilona
Published: August 2023

This article was inspired by the cooperation between two university teams implementing a Polish-Norwegian project Green Schoolbag for the Earth Climate. The project was aimed at preparing early school pedagogy teachers and students for the implementation of education for sustainable development (SD). A study trip to Norway and sharing experience gave rise to studying Norwegian curricula and educational literature. The study findings revealed that local educational philosophies and SD in the four Scandinavian countries differ in social, cultural and educational terms. The article presents the historical background to introducing SD into social and cultural habits in each of the countries and, consequently, lifestyles typical of the inhabitants of these countries. Four types of lifestyles are compared: Finish sisu, Norwegian friluftsliv, Danish hygge and Swedish lagom. The analysis proved that Scandinavian countries have similar climate and values as regards their attitudes to nature. However, differences in local philosophies are visible and their inhabitants present specific lifestyles, different behaviours and social and cultural principles behind their attitudes to the SD concept. The conclusion of the article puts an open question about Polish people’s local philosophy, lifestyle and SD education.
Protective Effect of Tertiary Butylhydroquinone against Obesity-induced
Skeletal Muscle Pathology in Post-weaning High Fat Diet Fed Rats
Authors: Zhang Le
Published: August 2023

Background:

Obesity deleteriously affects skeletal muscle functionality starting from
infancy to adulthood, leading to dysfunctional skeletal muscle.

Objectives:

This study, therefore, evaluated the protective action of tert-butylhydroquinone
(tBHQ) against obesity-induced skeletal muscle pathology in high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats.

Methods:

Twenty post-weaning male albino rats were randomized into four groups of five rats
each as: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (HFD), Group 3 (orlistat) and Group 4 (tBHQ). Group one
received rat pellets for 12 weeks, while groups 2 to 4 received HFD for 12 weeks. At the end of
week 8, obesity was confirmed with Lee Obesity Index and body mass index values of ≥ 303 and
≥ 0.68 gcm2, respectively. Group 3 was given oral administration of orlistat (10 mg/kg, once daily),
while group 4 was given oral administration of tBHQ (25 mg/kg, once daily). Administration
of orlistat and tBHQ commenced from week 9 to the end of the experiment.

Results:

Chronic exposure of post-weaning rats to HFD led to their development of the metabolic
syndrome phenotypes in adulthood, characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidaemia, hyperinsulinaemia,
insulin resistance as well as induction of oxidative stress and alteration of skeletal
muscle markers, which were mitigated following supplementation with orlistat and tBHQ.

Conclusion:

The study showed the anti-obesity potentials of tBHQ and its protective action
against HFD obesity-induced skeletal muscular pathology.
Developmental Neuroendocrinology of Early-Life Stress: Impact on Child
Development and Behavior
Authors: Nicolaides Nicolas C. , Kanaka-Gantenbein Christina , Pervanidou Panagiota
Published: August 2023

Our internal balance, or homeostasis, is threatened or perceived as threatened by stressful
stimuli, the stressors. The stress system is a highly conserved system that adjusts homeostasis to the
resting state. Through the concurrent activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the locus
coeruleus/norepinephrine-autonomic nervous systems, the stress system provides the appropriate
physical and behavioral responses, collectively termed as “stress response”, to restore homeostasis. If
the stress response is prolonged, excessive or even inadequate, several acute or chronic stress-related
pathologic conditions may develop in childhood, adolescence and adult life. On the other hand, earlylife
exposure to stressors has been recognized as a major contributing factor underlying the pathogenesis
of non-communicable disorders, including neurodevelopmental disorders. Accumulating evidence
suggests that early-life stress has been associated with an increased risk for attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder and autism spectrum disorder in the offspring, although findings are still controversial.
Nevertheless, at the molecular level, early-life stressors alter the chemical structure of cytosines located
in the regulatory regions of genes, mostly through the addition of methyl groups. These epigenetic
modifications result in the suppression of gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. In
addition to DNA methylation, several lines of evidence support the role of non-coding RNAs in the
evolving field of epigenetics. In this review article, we present the anatomical and functional components
of the stress system, discuss the proper, in terms of quality and quantity, stress response, and
provide an update on the impact of early-life stress on child development and behavior.
Assessment of Patient-reported Satisfaction and Metabolic Outcomes Following Initiation of the Second Generation of Flash Glucose Monitoring
in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Al Hayek Ayman , Robert Asirvatham Alwin , Alzahrani Wael M. , Al Dawish Mohamed Abdulaziz
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims:

This study aims to assess patient-reported satisfaction and metabolic
outcomes following the initiation of the second generation of the Freestyle Libre 2 (FSL2)
system in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods:

This non-randomized single-arm observation study was conducted on 86 patients with
T1D living in Saudi Arabia, who were asked to wear the FSL2 for 12 weeks. The demographic data
were collected at baseline, while the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics were gathered,
i.e., Glucose Variability (GV) (%), mean Time in Range (TIR), Time Above Range (TAR),
Time Below Range (TBR), and average duration of hypoglycemic events were collected at baseline,
6th week and 12 weeks. Further, the Continuous Glucose Monitoring Satisfaction (CGM-SAT)
was collected at the end of the follow-up.

Results:

Compared to the 6th week, significant differences were observed in the low glucose events
(p = 0.037), % TIR (p = 0.045), and % below 70 mg/dL (p = 0.047) at 12 weeks. Improvement was
seen in the other glucometric variables, but no significant changes were evident (p > 0.05). On
completion of the study period, the ambulatory glucose profile (AGP) metrics showed a 74.3 ±
5.01 (mg/dL) FSL2 hypoglycemia alarm threshold and a 213 ± 38.1 (mg/dL) hyperglycemia alarm
threshold. A majority of the patients stated that CGM-SAT had benefits (mean score > 3.58), although
they felt FSL2 had ‘additional benefits. With regard to the problems with the use of FSL2
majority of the patients stated that FSL2 has minimal discomfort.

Conclusion:

Using second-generation FSL2 in patients with T1D is positively associated with patient-
reported satisfaction and metabolic outcomes.
The Inefficiency of Low-concentration Curcumin Intervention in Ameliorating
Chronic-stage Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Moideen Fathimath Muneesa , Bhandary Yashodhar Prabhakar
Published: August 2023

Background:

Curcumin, a polyphenol compound, is reported to exhibit ameliorative
effects in acute lung injury and different organ fibrosis models. We have previously demonstrated
that curcumin, at a dose of 75 mg/kg, could modulate inflammatory mediators and fibrinolytic system
proteins in the inflammatory stage as well as fibroproliferative stage in a mouse model of bleomycin
(BLM) induced pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of the same
dose of curcumin in resolving the established fibrotic stage in a mouse model of BLM-induced
pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods:

We prepared the fibrosis model by intranasal administration of BLM (2 mg/kg). Curcumin
intervention was performed by intraperitoneal injection on 16th to 20th days post BLM exposure.
The control group was administered with normal saline. The mice were sacrificed on the 21st
day post BLM exposure.

Results:

Histological analysis of the lung tissue samples indicated that curcumin (75 mg/kg) could
not reverse the fibrotic features induced by BLM. We also performed RT-PCR and western blot to
examine the molecular changes induced by BLM and curcumin. It was observed that curcumin
could neither reduce the expressions of fibrotic markers nor restore the normal expressions of proteins
in the fibrinolytic system.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that a low dose of curcumin is not effective in ameliorating the fibrotic
stage of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. An increased dose or a formulation that increases
the bioavailability of curcumin could probably exhibit promising effects against pulmonary fibrosis
in the future.
Inhibition of Ribonucleotide Reductase Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and
Apoptosis, Leading to the Death of Docetaxel-resistant Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Serttas Riza , Erdogan Suat
Published: August 2023

Background:

The development of chemotherapy resistance in prostate cancer (PCa) patients poses a significant
obstacle to disease progression. Ribonucleotide reductase is a crucial enzyme for cell division and tumor growth.
Triapine, an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, has shown strong anti-tumor activity in various types of cancers.
However, the effect of triapine on docetaxel-resistant (DR) human PCa cells has not been explored previously.

Aim:

This study aimed to examine the potential anti-proliferative effects of triapine in PC3-DR (docetaxel-resistant)
cells.

Methods:

Cell viability was determined by the MTT test, and apoptosis and cell cycle progression were analyzed by
image-based cytometer. mRNA and protein expression were assessed by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively.

Results:

Triapine administration significantly reduced PC3 and PC3-DR cells' survival, while the cytotoxic effect was
higher in PC3-DR cells. Cell death resulting from inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase was mediated by endoplasmic
reticulum stress, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. The findings were supported by the upregulation of
caspases, Bax, Bak, P21, P27, P53, TNF-α, FAS, and FASL, and downregulation of Bcl2, Bcl-XL, cyclin-dependent
kinase 2 (CDK2), CDK4, cyclins, and heat shock proteins expression. According to the data, the reduction of ABC
transporter proteins and NF-ĸB expression may play a role in triapine-mediated cytotoxicity in docetaxel-resistant
cells.

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, triapine emerges as a promising chemotherapeutic approach for combating docetaxel-
resistant prostate cancer.
Analysis of Adherence to anti-PCSK9 Antibody Therapy among Patients from Italy
Authors: Mongiello Paolo , Petti Raffaele , Ciaccia Andrea , Grazia Morgese Maria , Lombardi Renato
Published: August 2023

Introduction:

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors associated with atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. Statins are the standard cholesterollowering
treatment; however, they have shown, in clinical practice, a reduced adherence to therapy
(<50%) and a modest achievement of the expected outcomes for treatment. This condition prompt
scientific research to develop drugs with different mechanisms of action. In this regard, excellent
results have been achieved with therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies against PCSK9, enzyme
involved in recycling of Low density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) on the hepatocytes surface. Indeed,
the reduction in receptor density caused by PCSK9 is associated with increased serum LDL
levels.

Materials and Methods:

After the data extraction of all Local Health Authority (ASL) of Foggia
patients (302) who received, in 2021, at least one administration of Alirocumab or Evolocumab, the
therapeutic adherence was calculated, for each individual patient, by indirect method (calculation of
the Medication Possession Ratio - MPR). According to scientific literature, patients were classified
into: adherents (MPR>80%), average adherents (MPR between 40% and 80%) and non-adherents
(MPR<40%). Patients were then stratified by gender and age groups (0-18, 19-49, 50-64, >65).

Results:

The results show that, for both drugs (Alirocumab and Evolocumab), women are more adherent
than men and the group of young adults (19-49 years old) is the one with the lowest adherence
to therapy, 69% for Alirocumab and 56% for Evolocumab.

Conclusion:

According to Italian Drug Agency (AIFA), poor therapeutic adherence is the main
cause of ineffectiveness of drug therapies, and it is associated with increased hospitalizations, morbidity
and mortality. Data obtained from this study allow to detect the categories of patients who
need specific programs about the correct use of drugs, in order to increase therapeutic adherence and
facilitate the achievement of the expected outcomes for treatment.
Ergonomic Evaluation and Design of Workstation for Gemstone Polishing
Workers
Authors: Bhore Mohit B. , Shaikh Saddam , Meena Makkhan L.
Published: August 2023

Background:

Many researchers have stated that workers working in unorganized sectors
are at risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), like back pain, wrist pain, pain in the neck
and shoulders, etc. Ergonomic study of these workstations is necessary for the analysis of workrelated
disorders.

Methods:

In this study on MSDs among gemstone workers in Jaipur, Rajasthan; a modified Nordic
questionnaire was employed. Further analysis was done using the 'Ergonomic Design and
Analysis’ module of DELMIA. Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) analysis was used.

Results:

The survey showed lower back pain among 81.25% of workers. Neck pain, hips or thigh
pain, and ankle or feet pain were observed among nearly half of the surveyed workers, leading to
further investigation. RULA analysis confirmed the results of the survey; the final RULA score
came out to be 7. This score means investigation and changes are needed immediately. The
workstation was designed using standard anthropometric data for the Indian population and modeled
in CATIA. The modified workstation was analyzed using DELMIA, which has shown a
RULA score of 3.

Conclusion:

The survey results and RULA analysis in DELMIA of gemstone polishing workers
have shown that gemstone polishing is a highly risky profession. Musculoskeletal risk factors,
like low back pain, neck pain, and wrist pain, have also been found to be present among the
workers. The gemstone polishing workstation needs design interventions using Indian anthropometric
data to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. RULA analysis of an anthropometrically
modified workstation showed the modified workstation to be ergonomically fit.
Nutritional content and microbial contamination of fresh cold and frozen Bali beef in Mambal RPH production in Badung Regency, Bali Province
Authors: Sriyani N L P , Ariana I N Tirta , Miwada I N Sumerta , Sumardani N L G
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the nutrition and microbial contamination of fresh, chilled, and frozen Bali beef. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) direct pattern a 3x7, with 3 treatments and 7 repetitions of Bali beef. The treatments were: (P1) meat stored at room temperature (27°C-35°C) for less than 1 day (fresh meat), (P2) meat stored at 0°C-4°C for 1 day -2 days (cold meat), (P3) meat stored at a minimum temperature of -18°C with a storage time of 1-7 days (frozen meat). The variables observed in this study were the nutritional content of meat, namely water content, protein, fat, ash and carbohydrates as well as pathogenic bacterial contamination, namely Total Plate Count (TPC), Colliform and E-Colli. The results of this study showed that the nutritional content of water content and ash content in fresh, chilled and frozen meat had no significant effect. However, the protein content decreased significantly when the meat was frozen. The fat and carbohydrate content had the opposite result, namely, there was a significant increase when the meat was frozen. In terms of meat microbiological contamination on TPC, Coliform and E-colli variables, showed that frozen meat had the highest microbial population followed by fresh meat and cold meat had the lowest total pathogenic microbes.
PENETRASI TANPA LABEL: PENDEKATAN BARU INTERNALISASI IDEOLOGI PANCASILA PADA GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Kuswandoro Wawan
Published: August 2023

This article describes millennial Pancasila discourse. Discourse on Pancasila is often combined with discourse on The New Order, ideology politicization, partisan ideology, practical political objectives, and other political discourses. The Pancasila animates citizenship discourse on life, ideology, and state. The discourse on Pancasila has a discursive dynamic that suggests discussion, from power parties using it for political propaganda to its alienation in social life, especially among the millennial age. The article uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method to analyze big data from Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram hashtags for #Pancasila and #Millennial, scientific discourse in journals, and informants. MediaToolKit was used to mine besides informants from Java, Kalimantan, Sumatra, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and Papua provided discourses and narratives. This research explores the Pancasila discourse among the millennial age and a novel technique of ideological penetration called "penetration without a label (Pental)" to internalize Pancasila philosophy.
The impact of digital evolution and FinTech on banking performance: A cross-country analysis
Authors: Alattass Mohammed Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

Amidst the intricate web of economic dynamics, the significance of banking performance resonates deeply, serving as a linchpin for a nation's financial equilibrium and economic prosperity. The imperative of vigilantly tracking the trajectory of banks' performance emerges as this vigilance underpins the stabilization and fortification of credit institutions. In the contemporary milieu, a landscape characterized by rapid transformations and economic nuances, the digital sphere is propelling a substantial metamorphosis, thus catalyzing an imperative for the assimilation of financial technology (FinTech) within financial services, particularly within banking institutions. This empirical study embarks upon a discerning journey, harnessing a cross-country lens and a panel dataset encompassing five prominent nations spanning the years 2017 to 2019. The central inquiry pertains to the nuanced interplay between the digital milieu, FinTech deployment, and the fabric of banking performance. The empirical analysis reveals a noteworthy confluence: the utilization of digital platforms and FinTech solutions bears a detrimental association with the performance of banking entities categorized as high-performing. Moreover, this inquiry unveils a nexus between FinTech variables, including solidity, inflation informer, and total productivity factors, with an adverse impact on Banks' Performance. However, a silver lining emerges as the study highlights the augmentation of bank financial performance through the confluence of liquidity, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and FinTech credit infusion. Emanating from these insights, the implications cascade expansively. For bank custodians and stakeholders, an enriched comprehension of the intricate interplay between FinTech and performance crystallizes, thereby fortifying the resilience of financial institutions against adversities through performance augmentation.
Диполярные биэкситоны в латеральных ловушках в гетероструктурах Si/SiGe/Si
Authors: Цветков В.А. , Бурбаев Т.М. , Сибельдин Н.Н. , Мартовицкий В.П. , Скориков М.Л. , Ушаков В.В.
Published: August 2023

Si/SiGe/Si heterostructures with long-range lateral potential fluctuations that appear in the capping Si layer near the SiGe/Si heterointerface due to the presence of relaxed areas in the SiGe layer have been studied. Analysis of the low-temperature photoluminescence spectra indicates that, upon the photoexcitation of the structure, the accumulation of nonequilibrium charge carriers, formation of dipolar excitons, and their recombination take place in large-scale lateral traps formed by these fluctuations. It is found that, at temperatures T < 10 K, a new narrow line appears with an increase in the excitation level at the blue side of the broad photoluminescence band of dipolar excitons localized by short-range potential fluctuations. At temperatures T ~ 2 K, this line is dominant in the spectra even at the lowest excitation levels. It is shown that, at moderate excitation levels, this line is caused by the recombination of free dipolar biexitons in large-scale traps. At high excitation levels, the width of the new line increases by more than a factor of 2 compared to that at lower excitation levels, and under these conditions this line is associated with the recombination of dipolar electron–hole plasma in large-scale traps.
Эволюция магнитных свойств при раздельном и совместном интеркалировании диселенида гафния атомами меди и хрома
Authors: Плещев В.Г.
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An analysis of the nature of the change in magnetic properties in the Cr-Cu-HfSe2 system as a result of separate and joint intercalation of hafnium diselenide by chromium and copper atoms is presented. It is shown that a paramagnetic state is formed in three-component systems, which is described by the Curie–Weiss law. In CuxCr0.25HfSe2 compounds, when approximating the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibility, the dependence of the effective magnetic moments in magnitude and the Curie-Weiss paramagnetic temperature in magnitude and sign on the temperature range of approximation was noted. When this interval was shifted to higher temperatures, there was a monotonous decrease in the magnitude of the effective magnetic moments and a change in the sign of the paramagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature from negative to positive. To describe this dependence, it is proposed to use alternative models for the formation of the magnetic state.
Особенности высокоскоростной деформации состаренных сплавов
Authors: Малашенко В.В.
Published: August 2023

The sliding of an ensemble of edge dislocations under high-speed deformation (high strain rate deformation) of an aged binary alloy is theoretically analyzed. An analytical expression of the dependence of the dynamic yield strength on the dislocation density is obtained. The conditions under which this dependence is nonmonotonic and has a minimum and maximum are obtained. The minimum occurs during the transition from the dominance of dynamic braking (drag) of dislocations by point defects to the dominance of braking by other dislocations (Taylor hardening). The position of the maximum corresponds to the value of the dislocation density, at which their contribution to the formation of the spectral gap becomes dominant.
Эволюция структурных и точечных дефектов в кварцевом стекле, подвергнутом тонкому отжигу
Authors: Щербаков И.П. , Еронько С.Б. , Киреенко М.Ф. , Тихонова Л.В. , Чмель А.Е.
Published: August 2023

The silica glass with a high content of OH groups was synthesized by the high-temperature hydrolysis of SiCl4 in a flame of oxyhydrogen torch and subjected to fine annealing. A combination of the photoluminescence and IR reflection spectroscopy was applied to assess the evolution of the ensemble of structural defects in the bulk and surface layer over the course of annealing carried out at 480 ˚C. The marked decrease of the defect concentration was observed in the bulk at all time expositions in the range 2 to 72 hours. However, in a thin surface layer, the decrease of the concentration of silanol groups Si-OH formed in the process of synthesis was detected. Decay of these groups results in the silicate network consolidation that led to the forming of the superficial layer characterized by an elevated microhardness.
Влияние структурного состояния на упругие и микропластические свойства алюминиевого сплава AД1
Authors: Нарыкова М.В. , Кардашев Б.К. , Бетехтин В.И. , Кадомцев А.Г. , Лихачев А.И. , Амосова О.В.
Published: August 2023

The results of a study of aluminum alloy AD1 in four structural states before and after severe plastic deformation are presented. Both the initial coarse-grained state (supply state) and three fine-grained states, which differ from each other in the method of obtaining, are considered. Elastic and microplastic properties (modulus of elasticity, decrement of elastic vibrations, microplastic deformation) were determined by the acoustic method of a composite vibrator. It is shown that the modulus of elasticity changes to a large extent under the influence of the evolution of internal stresses; the attenuation of ultrasound after severe plastic deformation increases due to an increase in the area of grain boundaries. Key words: AD1 aluminum, modulus of elasticity, microcrystalline aluminum, decrement of elastic vibrations, microplastic deformation.
Магнитная структура наночастиц Co-=SUB=-0.8-x-=/SUB=-Mn-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Zn-=SUB=-0.2-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (x=0.6, 0.4 и 0.2) перспективных для биомедицинских применений
Authors: Kamzin A.S. , Semenov V.G. , Al-Omari I.A. , Narayanaswamy V. , Issa B.
Published: August 2023

Magnetic nanoparticles (NP) of ferrite Co0.8-xMnxZn0.2Fe2O4 (x=0.6, 0.4 and 0.2) were synthesized by co-deposition. The structural, microstructural, magnetic and ultrathin properties of the obtained particles were investigated by X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The nanoparticle sizes calculated from radiographs at x=0.6, 0.4 and 0.2 are 15.2, 10.2 and 10.3 nm, respectively. The influence of the amount of Mn ions introduced on the properties of synthesized particles has been studied. The analysis of experimental Mossbauer spectra showed that the small size of the LF leads to a significant increase in the effects of dimensionality and the influence of the surface on the magnetic structure of the surface layer. The Mossbauer studies, for the first time without the use of external magnetic fields, on the example of MNCH spinel ferrites Co0.8-xMnxZn0.2Fe2O4, found that inside the particle the magnetic moments are ordered collinearly, whereas in the surface layer the moments are oriented at an angle to each other (beveled structure).
Gettering of epitaxial indium arsenide by the rare earth element holmium
Authors: Kunitsyna E.V.  , Parkhomenko Ya.A.  , Pivovarova A.A.  , Yakovlev Yu.P.
Published: August 2023

The results of a study of the galvanomagnetic properties of indium arsenide grown by liquid-phase epitaxy are presented. It is shown that the use of the rare earth element holmium in the growth of InAs epitaxial layers makes it possible to reduce the electron concentration by two orders of magnitude to n=2.1·1015 cm-3 at T=77 K. This effect is due to the gettering of shallow background impurities with the formation of their compounds in the melt. With an increase in the holmium content of more than 0.12 mol.% the concentration of current carriers in the material begins to increase, while mobility decreases due to the influence of VAs-Ho donor centers. This method of gettering is promising for obtaining A3B5 materials with a low concentration of current carriers, which are in demand in the optoelectronic industry. Keywords: indium arsenide, rare earth element, Hall coefficient, concentration of current carriers, mobility of current carriers.
ODMR active bright sintered detonation nanodiamonds obtained without irradiation
Authors: Likhachev  K. V.  , Uchaev  M. V.  , Breev  I. D.  , Ankudinov  A. V.  , Babunts  R. A.  , Baranov  P. G.  , Kidalov  S. V.
Published: August 2023

We present the results of study the structure and composition of microcrystalline diamonds obtained by high-pressure high temperature sintering of detonation nanodiamond particles. Using optical detected magnetic resonance method, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy we found sintering of detonation nanodiamond significantly differ from initial detonation nanodiamonds and can be compared to high quality diamonds. Monocrystals of diamonds obtained by the method of oriented attachment have dimensions of up to tens of microns, possess the habitus of high-quality diamonds, and do not contain metal catalysts in the lattice structure. In those crystals, the presence of optically active nitrogen impurities in the crystal lattice is observed. In particular, there is a bright nitrogen-vacancy defects. They are characterized by optical detected magnetic resonance method, which shows that spin properties of the obtained single crystals correspond to high-quality natural diamonds and surpass synthetic diamonds obtained from graphite in the presence of metal catalysts, followed by irradiation and annealing to obtain nitrogen-vacancy defects optical defects in the diamond lattice. The presence of nitrogen-vacancy defects defects and the high-quality of the crystal structure of sintering of detonation nanodiamond allows us to consider them as potential candidates in quantum magnetometry. For this purpose, the possibility of a simple way to improve the AFM probe by fixing a microcrystalline sintering of detonation nanodiamond particle on its tip is demonstrated. Keywords: detonation nanodiamond, HPHT sintering, ODMR, single crystalline, photoluminescence, defects.
The Knowledge Norm of Assertion: Debates and Criticisms
Authors: Tian Wei , Xie Cunxian
Published: August 2023

Both in philosophy of science and philosophy of language, there exists a long-time debate on the knowledge norm of assertion. Recently, the focus of the discussion has been shifted from the necessity claim to the sufficiency claim. People who hold the view of “Isolated second-hand knowledge” challenge the sufficiency claim based on several counterexamples. They contend that a speaker’s assertion based solely on second-hand knowledge is epistemically inappropriate. This perspective has ignited a more profound debate between advocates and critics of the knowledge norm of assertion. What factors actually determine the appropriateness of an assertion? Aiming at the question, the present study puts forward an idea that the appropriateness of an assertion is influenced by hearer’s conceptual saturation of the speaker rather than the isolated second-hand knowledge.