bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fortificação de alimentos com ferro e vitamina A
Authors: Zancul Mariana Senzi
Published: February 2022

A deficiência de vitaminas, como a vitamina A e minerais, como ferro e iodo, é um grave problema de nutrição/saúde pública em todo o Mundo e principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil, atingindo especialmente crianças em idade pré-escolar, adolescentes, gestantes e mulheres em idade fértil. Para uma vida saudável e produtiva, as pessoas necessitam ingerir quantidades adequadas de alimentos, incluindo aqueles ricos em vitaminas e minerais. A fortificação de alimentos, ou seja, a adição de vitaminas e minerais a alimentos de uso massivo, visando garantir a ingestão diária recomendada, é um procedimento eficaz na prevenção da deficiência de vários micronutrientes, como as do ferro e as da vitamina A. A fortificação é um processo relativamente simples, mas é importante a seleção correta do tipo de composto a ser utilizado e do alimento usado como veículo de transporte. O alimento pode interferir na absorção do composto, diminuindo sua biodisponibilidade. Muitas vitaminas e minerais são utilizados na fortificação de alimentos. O uso da fortificação industrial de alimentos tem sido um dos melhores processos para o controle das carências nutricionais de microelementos da população, em todo o Mundo. Neste trabalho, são abordados aspectos específicos e recentes da fortificação de alimentos com ferro e vitamina A, porque as deficiências desses micronutrientes são os problemas nutricionais mais importantes do Brasil e do Mundo.
Constipação intestinal na criança
Authors: Bigélli Rosa H. M. , Fernandes Maria I. M. , Galvão Lívia C.
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar uma revisão sobre a constipação intestinal na criança, analisando as principais características clínicas bem como sua abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica. Métodos: Revisão bibliográfica atualizada e experiência da Unidade de Gastroenterologia do Departamento de Pediatria- HCRP- USP. Resultados: A constipação intestinal constitui um problema comum na prática pediátrica. Sua definição está baseada na eliminação de fezes ressecadas, com esforço e dor. É comum as crianças pequenas apresentarem choro durante as evacuações. Em algumas crianças, pode ser observada retenção fecal importante, com ou sem escape fecal. O diagnóstico, na maioria dos casos, pode ser feito através de dados de história clínica e exame físico cuidadoso dos pacientes. O tratamento deve ser direcionado à causa básica, necessitando, na maioria dos casos, mudanças dietéticas e comportamentais. Conclusões: O diagnóstico da constipação intestinal deve ser precoce, pois interfere no sucesso terapêutico, que depende de uma adequada alimentação e do recondicionamento esfincteriano.
O psicólogo interconsultor, na enfermaria de pneumologia, de um hospital escola
Authors: Osório Flávia L.
Published: February 2022

Objetiva-se caracterizar as solicitações de atendimento psicológico feitas a um Serviço de Psicologia em Interconsulta, numa Enfermaria de Pneumologia de um Hospital-Escola, por meio da análise dos formulários de solicitação de interconsulta (PI). Analisaram-se os PIs enviados no período de três semestres, caracterizando-se o número total de pacientes, distribuição quanto ao sexo, idade, motivo de solicitação e encaminhamento dado ao caso. Quanto aos resultados obtidos, detectou-se que, para 11,3% dos pacientes internados na enfermaria, no citado período, foi solicitada interconsulta psicológica. Desses pacientes, predominaram os de sexo masculino, na faixa etária dos 50-69 anos. Quanto aos motivos de solicitação, predominaram referências às seguintes categorias: doença neoplásica pulmonar, sintomatologia depressiva, falta de colaboração no tratamento, sintomatologia ansiosa, quadros de somatização, dificuldade de adaptação hospitalar e presença de doença crônica prévia. Quanto ao encaminhamento dos casos, predominou a indicação de atendimento psicoterápico de apoio, seguido de orientação familiar. Percebe-se que a demanda para atendimento psicológico, na Enfermaria de Pneumologia, é adequadamente percebida pela equipe médica, principalmente frente a doenças em que o componente emocional é relevante, tanto no aparecimento como no enfrentamento, e em situações em que sintomas de maior fragilidade psíquica, como a depressão, já se fazem presentes. Conclui-se que, em tal contexto hospitalar, o psicólogo tem um campo de atuação configurado: melhorar a qualidade da assistência ao paciente, provendo cuidados aos aspectos psicossociais, envolvidos na situação de a pessoa estar doente e hospitalizada.
Companheiras em greve: o movimento paredista da União das Costureiras em junho de 1919
Authors: Campos Beatriz Luedemann
Published: February 2022

O artigo reconstrói a história da Greve de Junho de 1919 realizada por mulheres operárias (costureiras, bordadeiras e chapeleiras) que trabalhavam em ateliês de moda e oficinas de costura no Rio de Janeiro. Organizadas no sindicato União das Costureiras e Classes Anexas, elas lutaram por melhores condições de trabalho, aumento salarial, jornada de oito horas, entre outras pautas próprias da categoria. A metodologia de pesquisa envolveu o uso de fontes históricas de grande imprensa, imprensa operária, entrevistas e história oral.
Cultura organizacional em fusão e aquisição
Authors: Granato Mariany Schievano , Gobbi Maria Cristina
Published: February 2022

Este artigo discute conceitos como cultura organizacional e interculturalidade em processos de fusão e aquisição. A partir da metodologia qualitativa de levantamento bibliográfico e entrevistas em profundidade, busca-se exemplificar as consequências da cultura organizacional em empresas que passam por processos de fusão e aquisição, por meio da análise de uma empresa do ramo gráfico brasileira adquirida por uma norte-americana. Os resultados demonstram a importância da comunicação quando utilizada de forma dialógica, na tentativa de auxiliar a ressignificação da nova cultura.
La formación profesional del comunicador organizacional en un universo cada vez más globalizado
Authors: Alvarado Graciela Paz , Morán Elsa Del Carmen Villegas , Gutiérrez Yazmín Vargas
Published: February 2022

En un mundo globalizado y de continuos cambios, los programas de comunicación no solo tienen el reto, sino el compromiso de formar profesionales capaces de intervenir formal y laboralmente en la vida pública y ciudadana de su país; proyección que debe trascender las fronteras de una globalización cada vez más inmediata en los desempeños laborales. La formación eficiente y competitiva de los comunicadores organizacionales resulta inevitable para incursionar en un universo institucional cada vez más complejo.
Le livre de Arlindo Machado
Authors: Ferla Jorge La
Published: February 2022

Este artículo revisa la circulación y trascendencia de la obra y figura de Arlindo Machado en América Latina, y particularmente en Argentina, debido a su influencia en la praxis audiovisual. Su pensamiento sobre los medios, considerando los usos creativos y experimentales, fue determinante en la academia y en el campo de las artes mediáticas. A su vez, los periplos a Buenos Aires lo convirtieron en una presencia imprescindible en Argentina, ya que su participación en diversos claustros ponía de manifiesto variadas estrategias discursivas y enunciativas, tanto orales como escritas, en un castellano preciso y elocuente que viene impactando, desde hace varias décadas, en estudiantes de las carreras de cine y centros de formación audiovisual, así como en artistas, profesores y realizadores latinoamericanos.
Refletindo diferenças: virada ontológica e questões etnográficas
Authors: Puga Felipe
Published: February 2022

Um conjunto recente de antropólogos tem argumentado a favor do que ficou conhecido como “virada ontológica” a fim de dar conta dos problemas epistemológicos enfrentados pela relação entre materiais etnográficos e conceitos analíticos. De acordo com os autores, a virada ontológica é uma tecnologia de descrição que leva a diferença realmente a sério e permite que os materiais etnográficos ditem as regras de nossas reflexões. A leitura que proponho aqui interroga se a antropologia orientada pela virada ontológica não estaria levando a sério demais seus pressupostos teóricos, em vez de valorizar a própria etnografia. Assim, embora a abordagem traga novos tópicos de discussões relevantes, ela ainda apresenta diversos problemas internos em termos de procedimentos que os proponentes não parecem estar atentos. Concluo, portanto, que a virada ontológica apresenta novas questões a serem orientadas aos antropólogos, mas não esgota a etnografia.
¿Formación en la debilidad? (Selbst)-Aufhebung y Tú en Novalis, lector de Fichte
Authors: Panno Giovanni
Published: February 2022

Hablar de la educación del Yo, es decir, de su formación, es hablar de la co-formación y co-educación del mundo. Traicionando y respetando al mismo tiempo el espíritu de la primera Wissenschaftslehre, Novalis muestra la correspondencia micro-macrocósmica de Yo y Mundo. Para lograr esta correspondencia es necesaria una acción del Yo que, aparentemente, va en contra de su propia actividad, revelándose como una especie de “debilidad”. El siguiente trabajo aplica la categoría de debilidad para interpretar el movimiento de Selbstentäußerung que hace posible la nueva posición necesaria de Yo que permitiría al mundo de ser simple mundo y al anthropos de ser macroanthropos. Este mismo mecanismo de debilidad es el que actúa en el contexto político (Glaube und Liebe) e histórico (Die Christenheit oder Europa).
Fichte e o destino do homem
Authors: Heleno José Manuel
Published: February 2022

O nosso intuito é questionar o legado do idealismo alemão, considerando o que somos enquanto sujeitos e o absoluto que fundamenta a existência humana. De acordo com Fichte, o homem moralmente forte é o homem educado; aquele que procura ser espetador da sua própria consciência. Tal pressupõe a liberdade e a ação no contexto da intersubjetividade, sendo verosímil que o destino do homem seja um desafio a duas condições: a do reforço da sociabilidade e a urgência em exercitar o homem para uma moralidade genuína.
Orofacial changes of patients with congenital Zika syndrome in Northeast Brazil: an integrative literature review
Authors: Barbosa Marina Rosa , Martorelli Sérgio Bartolomeu de Farias , Diniz Demóstenes Alves , Cunha Jéssica da Silva , Martorelli Fernando de Oliveira , Holanda Laís Azevedo Lins de
Published: February 2022

In 2015, in Northeast Brazil, cases of microcephaly associated with the outbreak of zika virus in South America were identified. This virus is transmitted by the biological vector Aedes aegypti, which also transmits dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. The congenital Zika syndrome affected newborns with head circumference smaller than 32 cm, compromising their central nervous system. Besides ocular lesions, hyperexcitability, and hypertonia, newborns also showed intracranial calcifications in imaging exams. If children with congenital Zika syndrome suffer maxillofacial alterations during embryonic development, they could have delayed tooth eruption and malformations. This study aims to perform an integrative review of the current literature about the health conditions of children with congenital Zika virus infection and the possible alterations of their oral cavity. This integrative literature review was performed by searching scientific articles in the PubMed, SciELO, and MEDLINE electronic databases with the descriptors “Zika Virus Infection”, “Zika Virus”, and “Microcephaly”, which deal with clinical case reports and were indexed between 2016 and 2021. About 26 articles published entirely in English were analyzed after meeting the eligibility criteria. The studies contributed to better treatment conducts by showing the neurological, functional, and oral alterations in children with congenital Zika syndrome, including periodontal diseases, malocclusions, dental caries, bruxism, micrognathia, ankyloglossia, short labial frenum, dental trauma, and dysphagia.
Indutores do gasto federal em medicamentos do componente especializado: medição e análise
Authors: Vieira Fabiola Sulpino
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVOS: Quantificar e analisar a contribuição dos indutores principais do gasto federal na aquisição de medicamentos do Componente Especializado da Assistência Farmacêutica (CEAF) no período de 2010 a 2019. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se análise de decomposição do gasto anual do Ministério da Saúde (MS) em medicamentos do grupo 1A do CEAF a fim de isolar a contribuição dos seus indutores principais, preço, quantidade e resíduo, que envolve as escolhas terapêuticas. A quantificação dessa contribuição foi feita com o suporte do software RStudio versão 1.3.1056 e do pacote estatístico IndexNumR. RESULTADOS: O principal indutor do aumento do gasto entre 2011 e 2018 foi a quantidade dos medicamentos sobrepostos, 55% e 34%. Por sua vez, o indutor principal em 2013 e 2015 foi o resíduo, 33,2% e 57,9%. Entretanto, o gasto em 2019 registrou queda de 30,4% em relação a 2010. Houve diminuição dos preços dos tratamentos diários em todo o período. Entre os anos em que houve redução do gasto, o resíduo foi o principal indutor da queda em 2012 (-19,6%) e 2019 (-11,9%), enquanto os preços tiveram maior impacto na diminuição do gasto em 2014 (-12%). Houve ainda redução da quantidade dos medicamentos sobrepostos em três anos consecutivos, sendo -11% em 2015, -4% em 2016 e -11% em 2017. Por fim, em 2019 a redução foi de -4%. CONCLUSÕES: A contribuição dos indutores para o gasto do MS no grupo 1A do CEAF oscilou entre 2010 e 2019. Entretanto, a queda do gasto em anos recentes foi induzida pelos três indutores principais: preço, quantidade e resíduo. A diminuição da quantidade adquirida pode ter reduzido a disponibilidade de alguns medicamentos no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).
Uso de preservativo masculino e dupla proteção por homens adolescentes no Brasil
Authors: Borges Ana Luiza Vilela , Duarte Luciane Simões , Cabral Cristiane da Silva , Lay Alejandra Andrea Roman , Viana Osmara Alves , Fujimori Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO: Analisar o uso de preservativo masculino e de dupla proteção por homens adolescentes brasileiros, bem como os aspectos associados.

MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se banco de dados do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA) para este estudo transversal nacional de base escolar. A amostra incluiu adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos de idade, selecionados por meio de amostragem por conglomerados, em 2014 (n = 75.060). O presente estudo analisou informações dos homens adolescentes que relataram já ter tido relação sexual (n = 12.215), tendo como variáveis dependentes o uso de preservativo masculino e o uso de dupla proteção (uso simultâneo de preservativo masculino e contraceptivo hormonal oral) na última relação sexual. Os dados foram analisados por meio de regressão logística univariada e múltipla.

RESULTADOS: A maior parte dos adolescentes usou preservativo masculino na última relação sexual, enquanto o uso de dupla proteção foi bastante baixo. O uso de preservativo masculino, referido por 71% (IC95% 68,7–73,1), associou-se positivamente à idade, a coabitar com ambos os pais e a ter usado álcool nos 30 dias anteriores. O uso de dupla proteção, referido por 3,6% (IC95% 2,8–4,5) associou-se positivamente à idade e a estudar em escola privada e negativamente ao uso de tabaco nos 30 dias anteriores.

CONCLUSÕES: A larga diferença apresentada na proporção de uso de preservativo ou de dupla proteção na última relação sexual chama atenção para as distintas lógicas que presidem as relações sexuais juvenis. A baixa proporção aqui encontrada de uso da dupla proteção pode ser reflexo do desconhecimento masculino sobre uma função que tem sido historicamente atribuída às mulheres, que é a contracepção. Dessa forma, é necessário desconstruir a dicotomia de que a esfera da sexualidade é de domínio/interesse dos homens enquanto a da reprodução concerne apenas às mulheres.
Características do ambiente escolar relativas à alimentação e atividade física: PeNSE 2015
Authors: Souza Lucyane Barbosa Oliveira , Azevedo Ana Beatriz Coelho de , Bandoni Daniel Henrique , Canella Daniela Silva
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO Caracterizar o ambiente alimentar e o ambiente para a prática de atividade física em escolas brasileiras públicas e privadas, bem como desenvolver indicadores-síntese de avaliação desses ambientes. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal, realizado com dados oriundos de questionário sobre características da escola da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar 2015 respondido pelo diretor ou responsável pelas escolas, referentes a 3.040 escolas públicas e privadas de todo o território nacional. As variáveis relacionadas aos ambientes alimentar e de prática de atividades físicas foram descritas isoladamente e, adicionalmente, foi desenvolvido um indicador-síntese para cada um dos ambientes, com pontuação variando de 0 a 100. A frequência de cada variável e a pontuação média dos escores foi descrita segundo a esfera administrativa (pública ou privada). RESULTADO A oferta de alimentação escolar foi predominante na rede pública (97,8%) e a presença de cantinas na rede privada (89,8%). A presença de pontos alternativos de venda foi similar nas duas esferas. A disponibilidade de todos os marcadores de alimentação saudável e não saudável nas cantinas foi mais frequente nas escolas privadas. A pontuação do escore “Disponibilidade de alimentos e bebidas” foi maior para as escolas públicas (64,9), comparada à das privadas (55,8). A caraterização do ambiente para a prática de atividade física mostrou que a presença de quadra de esporte e de material esportivo foi frequente em escolas públicas (69,2% e 90,7%, respectivamente) e em escolas privadas (94,1% e 99,8%, respectivamente), ainda que em frequência significativamente maior no segundo grupo. A pontuação do escore “Disponibilidade de estruturas e materiais” foi maior entre escolas privadas do que entre as públicas (63,3 e 41,6, respectivamente). CONCLUSÕES O ambiente alimentar de escolas públicas foi mais favorável à promoção da alimentação saudável que o de escolas privadas, sendo que o oposto foi verificado para o ambiente para a prática de atividade física.
Attitude and perception towards vaccination against poliomyelitis in Peshawar, Pakistan
Authors: Shafique Farheen , Ul Hassan Mahreen , Nayab Hina , Asim Noreen , Akbar Nazia , Shafi Nuzhat , Manzoor Sadaf , Van Eeden Freek , Ali Shaukat
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE: This research aimed to quantitatively assess the general public's awareness, attitude and perception of polio and its vaccination in Peshawar KPK, Pakistan. METHODS: We conducted a survey-based study to understand the surge in polio cases from 2015 to 2019 in the Peshawar city of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. A pre-tested questionnaire-based study was conducted in 2019 to assess the attitude and general perception of residents of Peshawar KPK towards polio vaccination. RESULTS: Out of 241 country-wide polio cases, 63 (26.1%) polio cases were reported in Peshawar city from 2015–2019. The questionnaire revealed that individuals between 18–30 years of age had sufficient knowledge (65.1%) about polio. Male and female participants had equal awareness (~ 43%). Participants with higher education (45.9%), those with better financial status (49.5%), individuals with children < 5 years of age (46.4%), and those who had experience of a polio patient (63.1%) had better knowledge. Participants inhabiting the central city were better aware (50.5%) of polio than individuals living in the outskirts. CONCLUSION: The data indicated that poor knowledge and negative attitudes of people towards polio vaccination are the main causes of the polio eradication program's failure. Moreover, religious beliefs, unchecked migration between the Pak-Afghan border, and lack of knowledge about polio vaccination are identified as critical barriers to polio eradication.
Pegada de carbono da dieta no Brasil
Authors: Garzillo Josefa Maria Fellegger , Machado Priscila Pereira , Leite Fernanda Helena Marrocos , Steele Euridice Martinez , Poli Vanessa Fadanelli Schoenardie , Louzada Maria Laura da Costa , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Monteiro Carlos Augusto
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO: Estimar a pegada de carbono da dieta brasileira e de estratos sociodemográficos dessa população. MÉTODOS: A pegada de carbono da dieta foi estimada com base nos dados de dois registros alimentares de 24 horas, obtidos em 2008 e 2009, de uma amostra probabilística da população brasileira com 10 ou mais anos de idade (n = 34.003) e em coeficientes de impacto ambiental de alimentos e preparações culinárias consumidos no Brasil (gCO2e/kg). Médias com intervalos de confiança de 95% do consumo alimentar (kcal/pessoa/dia) e da pegada de carbono da dieta (gCO2e/pessoa/dia e em gCO2e/2.000kcal) foram calculadas para o conjunto da população e para estratos segundo sexo, idade, renda, escolaridade, macrorregiões e Unidade Federativa. Modelos de regressão linear foram utilizados para identificar diferenças significativas (p < 0,05) na pegada de carbono da dieta de diferentes estratos sociodemográficos. RESULTADOS: A pegada média de carbono da dieta brasileira foi de 4.489gCO2e/pessoa/dia. Foi maior para o sexo masculino, para a faixa etária de 20 a 49 anos e para as regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste, e tendeu a aumentar com a renda e a escolaridade. O padrão de associação da pegada a variáveis sociodemográficas não se alterou substancialmente com o ajuste para diferenças na quantidade consumida de alimentos, exceto por uma redução no excesso relativo da pegada entre homens e pelo aumento no excesso relativo da pegada na região Centro-Oeste. CONCLUSÃO: A pegada de carbono da dieta brasileira excede em cerca de 30% a pegada da dieta humana que poderia atender, simultaneamente, os requisitos nutricionais de uma dieta saudável e a meta global de contenção do aumento da temperatura média do planeta. O padrão de associação dessa pegada às variáveis sociodemográficas pode auxiliar na identificação de alvos prioritários para ações públicas que visem a reduzir os impactos ambientais do consumo alimentar no Brasil.
Reading a 1908 Buryat Schoolbook on Buddhism in the Light of its Socio-Cultural Setting
Authors: Zhanaev Ayur
Published: February 2022

Reading a 1908 Buryat Schoolbook on Buddhism in the Light of its Socio-Cultural SettingThis article is devoted to the text entitled A Concise Teaching of Buddha Shakyamuni’s Religion for Instructing the Buryat Children, published in 1910 by Lama Danja-a Erdeniyeb. The study attempts to trace its complex discursive story, which shows the way the religious didactic narrative was transformed into a textbook for secular Buryat schools of the time. The story of this transformation requires a comprehensive comment on the historical and cultural setting of the early twentieth-century tsarist Russia, in which the author and his text were both embedded. In the appendix to the article, the reader will find my transliteration and English translation of this peculiar text. Buriacki podręcznik religii buddyjskiej z 1908 roku w świetle uwarunkowań społeczno-kulturowychNiniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest opublikowanemu w 1910 roku tekstowi pt. Zwięzła wykładnia religii Buddy Siakjamuniego do nauczania dzieci buriackich, którego autorem był lama Danja-a Erdeniyeb. Artykuł jest próbą prześledzenia złożonej dyskursywnej historii tego dokumentu, która pokazuje, w jaki sposób religijna narracja dydaktyczna została przekształcona w podręcznik dla ówczesnych świeckich szkół buriackich. Ukazanie tej przemiany wymaga rozległego komentarza na temat historycznego i kulturowego kontekstu carskiej Rosji początku XX wieku, w którym osadzony był zarówno autor, jak i jego tekst. Aneks do artykułu zawiera transliterację oryginału i tłumaczenie całości tekstu na język angielski, sporządzone przez autora artykułu.
Biografie pod specjalnym nadzorem
Authors: Gnot Anna
Published: February 2022

Closely Watched BiographiesIntroduction to the vol. 18th of Adeptus Biografie pod specjalnym nadzoremWstęp do numeru 18 „Adeptusa”
Diagnosis and Management of Barosinusitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Tiffany , Pathak Shivani , Hong Ellen M. , Benson Brian , Johnson Andrew P. , Svider Peter F.
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To perform a systematic review to investigate the common presenting symptoms of barosinusitis, the incidence of those findings, the methods for diagnosis, as well as the medical and surgical treatment options.

Methods:

A review of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for articles published between 1967 and 2020 was conducted with the following search term: aerosinusitis OR “sinus squeeze” OR barosinusitis OR (barotrauma AND sinusitis) OR (barotrauma AND rhinosinusitis). Twenty-seven articles encompassing 232 patients met inclusion criteria and were queried for demographics, etiology, presentation, and medical and surgical treatments.

Results:

Mean age of patients was 33.3 years, where 21.7% were females and 78.3% were males. Causes of barotrauma include diving (57.3%), airplane descent (26.7%), and general anesthesia (0.4%). The most common presentations were frontal pain (44.0%), epistaxis (25.4%), and maxillary pain (10.3%). Most patients received topical steroids (44.0%), oral steroids (28.4%), decongestants (20.7%), and antibiotics (15.5%). For surgical treatment, most patients received functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) (49.6%). Adjunctive surgeries include middle meatal or maxillary antrostomy (20.7%), septoplasty (15.5%), and turbinate surgery (9.1%). The most efficacious medical treatments are as follows: 63.6% success rate with oral steroids (66 treated), 50.0% success rate with topical steroids (102 treated), and 50.0% success rate analgesics (10 treated). For surgical treatments received by greater than 10% of the sample, the most efficacious was FESS (91.5% success rate, 108 treated).

Conclusion:

Oral and topical steroids should be first line therapies. If refractory, then functional endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment.
Convulsive Syncope From Carotid Sinus Syndrome as a Manifestation of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Goh Co Ian Joel , Huang Xinyong , Pang Maria Judith , Lee Tee Sin
Published: February 2022

Objective:

Carotid sinus syndrome (CSS) is a rare yet serious presentation of head and neck malignancy. To our knowledge, syncope and seizure-like episodes as a manifestation of carotid sinus syndrome secondary to laryngeal cancer has not been reported to date. We report a case of laryngeal cancer causing convulsive syncope masquerading as seizures due to CSS.

Methods:

Case report. The patient’s medical record was reviewed for demographic and clinical information.

Results:

A 62-year-old male presented with multiple episodes of syncope and hoarseness of voice. On nasoendoscopic examination, left vocal cord palsy and left aryepiglottic fold tumor were visualized. Computerized tomography (CT) neck showed a large 2.4 × 3.6 cm left supraglottic tumor with local invasion and extensive cervical lymphadenopathy compressing the carotid sinus. CT guided biopsy of the tumor revealed invasive squamous cell carcinoma. While undergoing evaluation, the patient developed seizure-like episodes. Inpatient telemetry monitoring revealed significant bradycardia and hypotension during these episodes. A permanent pacemaker was inserted which resulted in resolution of the syncopal and seizure-like episodes.

Conclusion:

In patients with unexplained syncope or seizure-like episodes and a background of head and neck cancer, clinicians should consider the diagnosis of CSS. CSS is a poor prognostic factor due to the associated higher stage of disease.
Negative interference from immunoglobulin M paraproteinaemia on the Roche enzymatic creatinine method
Authors: Flowers Kade C , Tuddenham Emma , Leiva Anya , Garrison Lisa , Morris Joanne E. , Cromwell Tamsyn , Boa Frances G
Published: February 2022

Although enzymatic creatinine methods are subject to fewer interferences than traditional Jaffe creatinine methods, every method in clinical chemistry has limitations. We report, for the first time in the literature, a case of an immunoglobulin M (IgM) paraproteinaemia causing an undetectably low creatinine result on the Roche enzymatic assay. This interference did not occur with other enzymatic creatinine methods produced by Abbott and Siemens or the Roche Jaffe, VITROS dry slide and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) creatinine methods. IgM interference was confirmed as patient serum precipitated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and anti-IgM antiserum yielded detectable Roche enzymatic creatinine results comparable to unaffected methods. The patient’s serum formed an obvious precipitate when mixed with reagent one of the Roche enzymatic creatinine method. This is in contrast to a report of positive interference from IgM paraproteinaemia in a different enzymatic creatinine method, which showed that a precipitate formed when mixing blood with reagent two. As each patient’s paraprotein has a unique structure, it is possible that there are variations in the chemical characteristics of IgM paraproteins between patients. This, as well as IgM-class antibodies’ tendency to form multimers and aggregates, can lead to unpredictable assay interferences and precipitation tendencies between different manufacturers of enzymatic creatinine reagents and their incubation steps. This case highlights the importance of continuing to question and investigates results that do not fit the clinical picture, especially as more laboratories switch from primarily using traditional Jaffe creatinine methods to enzymatic creatinine methods.
Urban epidemic governance: An event system analysis of the outbreak and control of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: He Jinliao , Zhang Yuan
Published: February 2022

The outbreak of a virus such as COVID-19 is composed of a series of seemingly random incidents which are nevertheless interconnected. In a novel approach, this article adopts the event system theory (EST), established in organisational behaviour science, to investigate the mechanism of epidemic governance in Wuhan, the city which reported the first case of COVID-19 and thereafter successfully controlled the outbreak. The event system analysis divided Wuhan’s response mechanism to COVID-19 into four dimensions: the graded response systems, the interactive relationship between multilevel entities of epidemic governance, the quarantine regulations and the governance of public sentiment. There are numerous lessons learned and effective measures developed from the ‘Wuhan experience’. These lessons and measures can assist other cities around the world to cope with the current COVID-19 crisis and prepare their urban governance systems for similar infectious diseases in the future. We urgently advocate the addition of more scholarly discussion on urban epidemic governance by incorporating interdisciplinary approaches like EST in particular.
Bodies of transnational island urbanism: Spatial narratives of inclusion/exclusion of Filipinas in Philippine islands
Authors: Ortega Arnisson Andre C
Published: February 2022

Tropical islands can become terrains of urbanisation worthy of examination. In the Philippines, several islands have experienced urban transformation (capital accumulation, immigration, diversification, land conversion) through tourism. At the forefront of these urban transformations are Filipinas, particularly those in interracial relationships with foreign men who invest in island properties and establish resorts. These resorts stimulate a transnationally-oriented mode of urban transformation reliant on the transnational mobilities of tourists, expats and capital. This paper examines this by foregrounding the experiences of Filipinas, concentrating on how they are differentially included and excluded throughout the multi-scalar process of island urban accumulation. I locate these differential experiences in various spaces (nation, community, resort, households), noting in particular the (1) national discourses underlying state tourism and foreign retirement programmes, (2) transactions enabling property purchases and resorts, and (3) translocal mobilities sustaining urban accumulation. What emerge from these accounts are the selective inclusions and exclusions of Filipinas in transnational urban accumulation in the islands. While their role in facilitating island urban accumulation may suggest a form of ‘empowered’ inclusivity, this can easily be undercut by sexist micropolitics of exclusion that tend to reduce them to ‘mere women’ and/or ‘prostitutes’. Such differential practices of inclusion/exclusion demonstrate the gendered dynamics that unequally put a double burden on Filipinas. Unravelling these accounts demonstrates how gendered relations and sexuality are important forces underpinning urban transformation and transnational mobilities that constitute diversification.
Honors Students’ Experiences and Coping Strategies for Waiting Time in Secondary School and at University
Authors: Hinterplattner Sara , Wolfensberger Marca , Lavicza Zsolt
Published: February 2022

This exploratory study investigated the perceived waiting time of gifted high-achieving honors students at their university and compares this to the perceived waiting time these students experienced in secondary schools. The study aimed to find reasons for, experiences with, and coping strategies for waiting time in classes at these two types of institutions. Interviews with gifted university students were conducted and qualitatively analyzed. Results show that waiting in classes is common both in secondary schools and at the university level, and students usually attribute this to poor quality of teaching. However, students also highlighted differences in the amount of time, reasons, and coping strategies for waiting due to the different nature of the institution types. Experiences of waiting depended on a variety of reasons outlined by students participating in our study. According to this, students preferred behavioral-avoidance strategies for coping in waiting situations. They rarely asked their teachers for extra tasks, even if they felt bored or underchallenged. This highlights the importance for teachers to recognize and respond to coping strategies of gifted students.
Sinus Surgery and Balloon Sinuplasty: What Do Patients Want to Know?
Authors: Fassas Scott N. , Peterson Andrew M. , Farrokhian Nathan , Zonner Jordan G. , Cummings Emily L. , Arambula Zachary , Chiu Alexander G. , Goyal Fox Meha
Published: February 2022

Objective

Limited knowledge exists regarding the information patients seek online about sinus procedures. The goals of our study were to identify the most searched online queries regarding functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and balloon sinuplasty and evaluate the sources to which patients are directed.

Study Design

Observational.

Setting

Online Google Database.

Methods

Google data were analyzed using the search engine optimization tool Ahrefs. People Also Ask (PAA) questions (extracted from Google searches) helped identify questions for analysis of search query volume. Search results were categorized into specific topics, and the source (eg, academic vs medical practice) of the information was identified. The JAMA benchmark criteria were used to determine the quality of the online resource.

Results

The most searched term (average monthly queries) on Google was “sinus surgery” (13,190), followed by “balloon sinuplasty” (9212). For FESS and balloon sinuplasty, most questions focused on treatment of sinusitis (71.64% vs 79.19%) and preoperative inquiries about sinus issues (11.50% vs 11.35%). Answers to PAA questions for FESS were obtained from academic sources at a higher frequency compared to balloon sinuplasty (26.7% vs 10.3%, P =. 016) but a lower frequency from medical practice websites (15.2% vs 29.3%, P =. 042). The mean (SD) JAMA scores for FESS and balloon sinuplasty sources were 1.59 (1.46) and 1.40 (1.46), respectively.

Conclusion

There is a high volume of online search queries regarding FESS and balloon sinuplasty. The quality of the sources could be improved by addressing authorship, attribution, disclosure, and currency. This information may help otolaryngologists better address patient queries.
A novel time series data clustering approach for wind speed forecasting
Authors: Asif Kamal Mh , Gyanchandaniyan Manasi , Kushwah Anil Kumar
Published: February 2022

Wind energy plays an essential role in the generation process of sustainable energy, with a bright future. Therefore, predicting wind speed fluctuations and their output power plays a crucial role in electric power generation. The integration of wind power is based on the accuracy of wind speed and power prediction model. In this paper, a clustering algorithm is proposed based on the length of the trendlet components. After spotting the different clusters, one suitable cluster is selected for modeling using the panda’s correlation method. This paper uses specific ARIMA, Naive Forecast, and Holt Winter models to forecast the selected cluster. Here three hybrid models, namely, C-ARIMA, C-NAIVE Forecast, and C-Holt-Winter, are proposed for wind speed forecasting. The performances of the proposed models are evaluated using the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The experiment outcomes show that the cluster-based forecasting technique (Hybrid models) improved performance compared with un-clustered forecasting techniques.
A Randomized Trial of the Digital Down Syndrome LanguagePlus (DSL+) Vocabulary Intervention Program
Authors: Næss Kari-Anne B. , Hokstad Silje , Engevik Liv Inger , Lervåg Arne , Smith Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

This study investigated the effect of the digital Down Syndrome LanguagePlus (DSL+) intervention on vocabulary outcomes through a school-delivered randomized controlled trial. A national sample of first graders with Down syndrome from 91 schools was allocated to an intervention group ( n = 50), which received daily intervention for 15 weeks, or a business-as-usual control group ( n = 53). The intervention involved picture book sharing and structured tasks and was organized as one-to-one, small-group, and full-class lessons. Children in the intervention group made greater gains than children in the control group in expressive vocabulary breadth ( d = .429, CI [.160, .699]) and receptive vocabulary breadth ( d = .447, CI [.193, .700]). The outcomes indicate that the novel DSL+ intervention is an effective intervention to increase trained vocabulary among first graders with Down syndrome, and it takes only 15 minutes of effort 5 days a week.
Book review: Sukhpal Singh, Lakhwinder Singh and Kamal Vatta (Eds.). 2021. Covid-19 Pandemic and Economic Development Emerging Public Policy Lessons for Indian Punjab
Authors: Sikka Pooja
Published: February 2022

Sukhpal Singh, Lakhwinder Singh, and Kamal Vatta (Eds.). 2021. Covid-19 Pandemic and Economic Development Emerging Public Policy Lessons for Indian Punjab. Palgrave Macmillan, xxvi + 309 pp., E93.08 (eBook), E109.99 (hardback). ISBN 978-981-16-4442-9 (eBook), ISBN 978-981-16-4441-2 (hardback).
The Influence of Intrusions on Team Interaction: An Explorative Field Study
Authors: van der Meer Sanne A. , Lehmann-Willenbrock Nale , Delahaij Roos , Homan Astrid C.
Published: February 2022

Despite their prevalence in daily teamwork, little is known about the influence of intrusions on teams. Therefore, the effect of intrusions on team interaction was investigated, focusing on relational communication. Three different theoretical perspectives regarding team interaction changes in response to a meeting intrusion are discussed. These perspectives were mapped onto fine-grained behavioral data from twelve teams ( N = 4,627 sense units) by means of lag sequential analysis. Teams’ use of relational communication changed in several ways in response to the intrusion. While these changes fit best with one perspective (task-focused), several results also align with other perspectives.
Teacher-Implemented Modified Schema-Based Instruction with Middle-Grade Students with Autism and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Root Jenny R. , Cox Sarah K. , McConomy M. Addie
Published: February 2022

A growing body of literature supports the effectiveness of Modified Schema-Based Instruction (MSBI) to improve mathematical problem-solving for students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). MSBI is an intervention package that teaches students to identify the problem structure and use a problem-solving heuristic to solve mathematical word problems. Previous research has primarily implemented MSBI in a one-on-one setting with a researcher as the interventionist. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a teacher-delivered MSBI in a small group format on the multiplicative word problem-solving skills of six middle school students with ASD/ID as well as their ability to generalize from word problems to video-based problems. Results of the multiple probe across participants design indicate a functional relation between MSBI and word problem-solving, but generalization varied across participants and maintenance was limited to two participants due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic school closures. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Identification of Ascorbic Acid and Gallic Acid as Novel Inhibitors of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein for the Treatment of Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bukhari Shazia Anwer , Yasmin Aysha , Rasul Azhar , Zahoor Muhammad Asif , Mustafa Ghulam , Al Farraj Dunia A. , Darwish Noura M. , Aleya Lotfi , Rehman Asim
Published: February 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has been reported as major public health issue rising at an alarming rate worldwide, and obesity is the leading risk factor for the development of T2D. Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 ( SFRP4) released with inflammatory mediators from adipose tissues constrains the exocytosis of insulin containing granules from the pancreatic islets that leads towards the development to T2D. The significant overexpression of SFRP4 in diabetic patients and its involvement in islet dysfunction suggest its critical role in the development of diabetes. Thus, this study was designed to explore the potential of ascorbic acid (AA) and gallic acid (GA) against SFRP4 for the treatment of diabetes. Molecular docking approach was used for the prediction of binding interactions of AA and GA at the active pocket of SFRP4. Docking analysis indicated strong binding interactions of AA and GA to the amino acid residues at the active site of SFRP4. A significant reduction in the level of SFRP4 was observed in transfected cells treated with AA and GA. For the evaluation of the cytotoxicity of AA and GA against HepG2 cells, MTT assay was performed. The results of MTT assay demonstrated that AA and GA are non-cytotoxic towards HepG2 cells at concentration of 15 μM. The oral administration of AA and GA to diet-induced obese mice caused significant reduction in body weight, blood glucose level, and SFRP4 expression. The results of this study suggest that AA and GA have potential for the treatment of obesity-induced T2D.
Outside the “Cultural Binary”: Understanding Why Latin American Collectivist Societies Foster Independent Selves
Authors: Krys Kuba , Vignoles Vivian L. , de Almeida Igor , Uchida Yukiko
Published: February 2022

Cultural psychologists often treat binary contrasts of West versus East, individualism versus collectivism, and independent versus interdependent self-construal as interchangeable, thus assuming that collectivist societies promote interdependent rather than independent models of selfhood. At odds with this assumption, existing data indicate that Latin American societies emphasize collectivist values at least as strongly as Confucian East Asian societies, but they emphasize most forms of independent self-construal at least as strongly as Western societies. We argue that these seemingly “anomalous” findings can be explained by societal differences in modes of subsistence (herding vs. rice farming), colonial histories (frontier settlement), cultural heterogeneity, religious heritage, and societal organization (relational mobility, loose norms, honor logic) and that they cohere with other indices of contemporary psychological culture. We conclude that the common view linking collectivist values with interdependent self-construal needs revision. Global cultures are diverse, and researchers should pay more attention to societies beyond “the West” and East Asia. Our contribution concurrently illustrates the value of learning from unexpected results and the crucial importance of exploratory research in psychological science.
Confusion or Clarity? Examining a Possible Tradeoff Between Self-Expansion and Self-Concept Clarity
Authors: Emery Lydia F. , Hughes Erin K. , Gardner Wendi L.
Published: February 2022

Most people are motivated to self-expand, collecting new attributes and experiences in a process that boosts well-being, but people with low self-concept clarity resist it. Perhaps, then, there is a tradeoff between self-expansion and self-concept clarity. Across a 2-week daily dairy, we found no evidence for such a tradeoff—self-expanding was not associated with lower self-concept clarity, either that day, the next day, or the period as a whole. In fact, self-expansion was associated with higher self-concept clarity, but especially for people with lower initial self-concept clarity. Although they were less likely to self-expand on a daily basis, when they did self-expand, they reported higher self-concept clarity and, in turn, greater satisfaction with life. These findings suggest that self-expansion in daily life does not come at the cost of a coherent self-concept and that despite their reluctance, people with lower self-concept clarity may experience associated benefits from self-expanding.
Mobile phone apps for family caregivers: A scoping review and qualitative content analysis
Authors: Park Jamie Yea Eun , Tracy Christopher Shawn , Gray Carolyn Steele
Published: February 2022

Background

The growth of mHealth apps has been exponential in recent years, but there is limited knowledge regarding the availability, functionality, and quality of apps to support family caregivers. Our objectives were to identify the apps currently available to support family caregivers and to analyze the app functions and evaluation claims.

Methods

This scoping review was conducted across the iOS, Android, and Windows Phone app stores in three steps: (1) electronic app search; (2) iterative inclusion and exclusion criteria development; (3) mixed-method analysis of app characteristics and evaluation claims.

Results

The search identified 1008 apps; 175 met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Most apps offered either one (36%, 63/175) or two (41%, 71/175) specific functions, the most common of which were access to service and provider directories, providing patient-caring tips, and tools to facilitate daily activities associated with caring for a loved one. For fully two-thirds (67%, 118/175) of the identified apps, the functions serve to assist caregivers to support the care recipient as opposed to supporting the family caregivers themselves.

Conclusions

The findings of this review indicate that, while a wide range of family caregiver apps are now available across the mHealth landscape, most apps offer limited functionality. Therefore, there is a need for multi-functionality to avoid the inherent challenges that caregivers may experience when navigating and managing multiple apps to meet all their various needs. Moreover, as this specific niche continues to develop, greater attention should be devoted to supporting family caregivers’ own personal care needs as caregiver burden is a pressing challenge.