bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Traversée de l'Histoire et des frontières dans Tunisian Yankee : Un périple migratoire entre pays et continents
Authors: Keraani Dorsaf
Published: September 2024

Abstract: À partir de la modalisation de données historiques dans un roman de facture fictionnelle, Tunisian Yankee , Cécile Oumhani pose la question du rapport entre véridiction et fiction ainsi que celle des frontières génériques (roman et cinéma) et temporelles (passé et présent). Dans ce récit mémoriel de la Première Guerre mondiale, les personnages empruntent des chemins périlleux d'une longue et lancinante traversée entre l'Afrique du Nord, l'Europe et les Amériques, et ce, en quête d'une vie meilleure. L'auteure puise dans le passé en optant pour une écriture fragmentaire et scénique, afin de réactualiser une expérience humaine aux dimensions transindividuelles, significativement séquellaire.
Optical communication in a turbulent atmosphere via the orbital angular momentum of a laser beam. I. Mode purity of OAM transmission
Authors: Aksenov V. P. , Dudorov V. V. , Kolosov V. V. , Pogutsa Ch. E.
Published: September 2024

The functioning of an optical data transmission system operating via an atmospheric channel with data modulation by the orbital angular momentum (OAM) value is simulated numerically. The following method is chosen to determine the OAM: the wave field of the beam is expanded into optical vortices, and then OAM is retrieved from the expansion coefficients (vortex spectrum) measured at the receiver end of the path. In this case, the quality of information transmission depends on how accurately the recorded spectrum reproduces the transmitted spectrum. The quality of a communication channel is assessed by the so-called mode purity. To estimate the mode purity, we propose using the characteristic that we call the effective width of the vortex spectrum. The effective width of the vortex spectrum depends on both misalignment of the transmit–receive system and the intensity of atmospheric turbulence at the path between the transmitter and receiver. It should be kept in mind that in actual practice, receiving is only possible for the finite number of received modes or the finite width of the receiving window. We propose and test two methods for estimating the effective width of the vortex spectrum that can be used for the radiation propagating through homogeneous or randomly inhomogeneous media. It is shown that knowing the effective width of the OAM vortex spectrum makes it possible to estimate the minimal window half-width M required for correct operation of atmospheric data lines. Errors of OAM measurements are estimated as functions of configuration and parameters of the transmit–receive system and turbulent propagation conditions.
Propagation mechanism of E’-center and NBOHC in fused silica induced by gamma-ray irradiation
Authors: Gao Xing , Qi Yongnian , Mu Qing , Yan Ying , Zhou Ping
Published: September 2024

The degradation of optical transmittance induced by the propagation of point defects in fused silica under gamma-ray irradiation severely threatens the service life of optical components. Existing studies have recognized the importance of this issue through the testing of point defect content before and after irradiation. However, the specific evolution process of these point defects remains unclear. In this paper, experiments and deep potential molecular dynamics (DeePMD) simulations were performed to investigate the essence of degradation in optical transmittance and the propagation mechanism of point defects during gamma-ray irradiation. The results indicate that the optical transmittance significantly decreases within the range of 210 nm to 380 nm, and the degree of change increases with an increase in irradiation dose. The propagation of E’-center and nonbridging oxygen hole center (NBOHC) defect pairs is the fundamental cause for the decrease in transmittance. Both experimental and simulation results indicate that E’-centers and non-bridging oxygen hole centers (NBOHC) originate from the evolution of small rings (n=3 and 4). Additionally, DPMD simulations reveal that under the thermal history induced by gamma-ray irradiation, the formation of small rings (n=3 and 4) occurs at the expense of larger rings (n=6 and 7). The research results provide valuable insights into the propagation mechanism of point defects and contribute to designing the service life of optical components.
Single-Shot Synthetic Wavelength Imaging Through Scattering Media
Authors: Cornwall Patrick , Forschner Stefan , Kassem Khaled , Matito Manuel Ballester , Balaji Muralidhar Madabhushi , Katsaggelos Aggelos , Faccio Daniele , Willomitzer Florian
Published: September 2024

Imaging through scattering media still presents a challenge for modern optical imaging techniques. The problem becomes even worse for dynamic scattering scenes, e.g., to capture dynamic objects behind a scatterer or then the scattering medium itself is in constant movement, such as fog or living tissue. This contribution introduces a first step towards a potential solution, which builds upon our previous Synthetic Wavelength Imaging techniques. We showcase the feasibility of our approach by imaging an extended hidden object through a scatterer in single-shot.
A systematic evaluation of the performance and properties of the UK Biobank Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) Release
Authors: Thompson Deborah J. , Wells Daniel , Selzam Saskia , Peneva Iliana , Moore Rachel , Sharp Kevin , Tarran William A. , Beard Edward J. , Riveros-Mckay Fernando , Giner-Delgado Carla , Palmer Duncan , Seth Priyanka , Harrison James , Futema Marta ,   Genomics England Research Consortium, McVean Gil , Plagnol Vincent , Donnelly Peter , Weale Michael E.
Published: September 2024

We assess the UK Biobank (UKB) Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) Release, a set of PRSs for 28 diseases and 25 quantitative traits that has been made available on the individuals in UKB, using a unified pipeline for PRS evaluation. We also release a benchmarking software tool to enable like-for-like performance evaluation for different PRSs for the same disease or trait. Extensive benchmarking shows the PRSs in the UKB Release to outperform a broad set of 76 published PRSs. For many of the diseases and traits we also validate the PRS algorithms in a separate cohort (100,000 Genomes Project). The availability of PRSs for 53 traits on the same set of individuals also allows a systematic assessment of their properties, and the increased power of these PRSs increases the evidence for their potential clinical benefit.
Rationale and protocol for a safety, tolerability and feasibility randomized, parallel arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot study of a novel ketone ester targeting frailty via immunometabolic geroscience mechanisms
Authors: Stubbs Brianna J. , Alvarez Azañedo Gabriela , Peralta Sawyer , Diaz Stephanie Roa , Gray Wyatt , Alexander Laura , Silverman-Martin Wendie , Garcia Thelma Y. , Blonquist Traci M. , Upadhyay Vaibhav , Turnbaugh Peter J. , Johnson James B. , Newman John C.
Published: September 2024

Background

Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation and metabolic insufficiency that creates vulnerability to poor outcomes with aging. We hypothesize that interventions which target common underlying mechanism of aging could ameliorate frailty. Ketone bodies are metabolites produced during fasting or on a ketogenic diet that have pleiotropic effects on inflammatory and metabolic aging pathways in laboratory animal models. Ketone esters (KEs) are compounds that induce ketosis without dietary changes, but KEs have not been studied in an older adult population. Our long-term goal is to examine if KEs modulate aging biology mechanisms and clinical outcomes relevant to frailty in older adults.

Objectives

The primary objective of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel-group, pilot trial is to determine tolerability of 12-weeks of KE ingestion in a broad population of older adults (≥ 65 years). Secondary outcomes include safety and acute blood ketone kinetics. Exploratory outcomes include physical function, cognitive function, quality of life, aging biomarkers and inflammatory measures.

Methods

Community-dwelling adults who are independent in activities of daily living, with no unstable acute medical conditions (n = 30) will be recruited. The study intervention is a KE or a taste, appearance, and calorie matched placebo beverage. Initially, acute 4-hour ketone kinetics after 12.5g or 25g of KE consumption will be assessed. After collection of baseline safety, functional, and biological measurements, subjects will randomly be allocated to consume KE 25g or placebo once daily for 12-weeks. Questionnaires will assess tolerability daily for 2-weeks, and then via phone interview at bi-monthly intervals. Safety assessments will be repeated at week 4. All measures will be repeated at week 12.

Conclusion

This study will evaluate feasibility, tolerability, and safety of KE consumption in older adults and provide exploratory data across a range of aging-related endpoints. This data will inform design of larger trials to rigorously test KE effects on aging mechanisms and clinical outcomes relevant to frailty.
Identification of pivotal genes and pathways in Chorea-acanthocytosis using comprehensive bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Sharma Ravinder , Yadav Kiran , Monga Leeza , Gupta Vikas , Yadav Vikas
Published: September 2024

Chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc), an autosomal recessive disorder, is associated with cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. Previous studies were focused around exploring the functional annotation of VPS13A gene in ChAc, whereas the genetic labyrinth underlying this disease and plausible drug targets were underexplored. In the present study, we have identified the pivotal genes and molecular pathways implicated in ChAc using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. In our analysis we found 27 distinct genes in Homo sapiens linked to ChAc, out of which 15 were selected as candidate genes for enrichment analysis based on their Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and involvement in relevant molecular pathways. By constructing a Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network consisting of 26 nodes and 62 edges, we identified two gene modules. Subsequently, using the MCODE algorithm, we identified 6 hub genes—ATN1, JPH3, TBP, VPS13A, DMD, and HTT—as core candidates. These hub genes are primarily associated with processes such as neuron development and differentiation, the CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade, ion transmembrane transport systems, and protein localization. Furthermore, using drug gene databank we identified 23 FDA-approved drugs that possess the propensity to target 3 out of the 6 identified hub genes. We believe that our findings could open promising avenues for potential therapeutic interventions in ChAc.
Effects of acute stress on biological motion perception
Authors: Wang Jifu , Shi Fang , Yu Lin
Published: September 2024

Biological motion perception is an essential part of the cognitive process. Stress can affect the cognitive process. The present study explored the intrinsic ERP features of the effects of acute psychological stress on biological motion perception. The results contributed scientific evidence for the adaptive behavior changes under acute stress. After a mental arithmetic task was used to induce stress, the paradigm of point-light displays was used to evaluate biological motion perception. Longer reaction time and lower accuracy were found in the inverted walking condition than in the upright walking condition, which was called the "inversion effect". The P2 peak amplitude and the LPP mean amplitude were significantly higher in the local inverted perception than in the local upright walking condition. Compared to the control condition, the stress condition induced lower RT, shorter P1 peak latency of biological motion perception, lower P2 peak amplitude and LPP mean amplitude, and higher N330 peak amplitude. There was an "inversion effect" in biological motion perception. This effect was related to the structural characteristics of biological motion perception but unrelated to the state of acute psychological stress. Acute psychological stress accelerated the reaction time and enhanced attention control of biological motion perception. Attention resources were used earlier, and less attentional investment was made in the early stage of biological motion perception processing. In the late stage, a continuous weakening of inhibition was shown in the parieto-occipital area.
Different Etiological Entities of Liver Cancer Across Populations: Implications From Age-Period-Cohort Analysis on Incidence Trends
Authors: Chen Tian-Wen , Cheng Yi-Jun , Huang Yong-Ying , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Jing-Feng , Xie Shao-Hua
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

The incidence of liver cancer has shown different temporal trends across populations, while the underlying reasons remain unclear.

METHODS:

We examined temporal trends in the incidence of liver cancer in Hong Kong, Sweden, and the United States since the 1970s through 2021 using joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort analysis.

RESULTS:

The age-standardized incidence rate of liver cancer in Hong Kong steadily decreased (average annual percentage change [AAPC] −2.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.8% to −1.7% in men; AAPC −2.1%, 95% CI −3.1% to −1.1% in women) in 1983–2020. The rate in Sweden increased on average by 0.8% (95% CI 0.2%–1.4%) per year in men and was stable in women (AAPC 0.2%, 95% CI −0.9%–1.4%) in 1970–2021. The rate in the United States increased by 2.1% (95% CI 1.5%–2.8%) per year in men and by 2.1% (95% CI 1.6%–2.5%) in women in 1975–2020, but decreasing trends were noted in 2015–2020 (AAPC −6.6%, 95% CI −8.3% to −4.9% in men; AAPC −4.2%, 95% CI −7.5% to −0.8% in women). Stratified analysis by histological type showed such decrease in recent years was limited to hepatocellular carcinoma, rather than intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We observed distinct changes in trends across age groups and different trends across birth cohorts.

DISCUSSION:

The incidence of liver cancer has decreased in Hong Kong but increased in Sweden and in the United States since the 1980s, despite the decreasing incidence in the United States since 2015. Such disparities may be explained by different etiology and implementation of preventive measures across populations.
Caracterización tecnológica: edad de transición y análisis de la densidad y propiedades mecánicas en madera de Salix sp.
Authors: Cobas Ana Clara , Tortoriello Miguel
Published: September 2024

El mundo atraviesa una severa crisis de contaminación ambiental. Sumado a esto, el crecimiento demográfico demanda la construcción de viviendas en la cuales se utiliza el hormigón como material principal. Este material, se compone tradicionalmente de: arena, grava, agua, aire y cemento. La fabricación del cemento portland, es responsable del 4 por ciento de la contaminación total por anhídrido carbónico (CO2), debido a la quema de combustibles fósiles que ello implica. Una forma de mitigar este tipo de contaminación sería utilizar la madera en la construcción. Sin embargo, al ser la madera un material de origen biológico y heterogéneo es necesario estudiar sus propiedades y las variaciones de estas dentro del fuste de manera de definir su destino final y más si el mismo es su uso estructural.  En este trabajo se estudió la densidad básica, la edad de transición entre madera juvenil y madura y la resistencia a la flexión y dureza Janka del Salix babylonica x Salix alba 'Ragonese 131-27’. El valor de densidad obtenido (0,416 g cm-³) permitió clasificar a esta madera como liviana (valor similar a los presentados para Eucalyptus grandis, Álamos y Pino Oregón). Los valores obtenidos de resistencia a la flexión y dureza Janka reportan valores similares a los encontrados para otras maderas comerciales, lo que permitiría su uso como madera sólida.
PANDANGAN PIHAK KUA KASIHAN, BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA TENTANG KAWIN HAMIL
Authors: Yustika Dian Andromeda
Published: September 2024

Intercourse is performed in the absence of legal marriage is called fornication. Committed adultery often leads topregnancy . Marriage in the state of pregnant women have become pregnant as a result of adultery called mating.KUA, as the institution of marriage registrar, shall note any marriage, including marital pregnant women due toadultery. KUA Kasihan, Bantul notes that pregnant women due to adultery marriage is allowed, but only withmen who impregnate. The reason is for the benefit of the child and the child’s status nasab. The reference is toArticle 53 KHI and does not conflict with the contents of Surah an -Nur verse 3 This is an application of thetheory of welfare and maqashid ash- Shari’ah. Marriage of pregnant women with men who did not impregnate cannot be implemented, because madharatnya greater than maslahatnya, namely aduknya mixed descent. This paperexamines how the KUA opinion about marriage pregnant, including the basis and reasons used in pregnantwomen due to marry adultery is in KUA Kasihan, Bantul.[Persetubuhan yang dilakukan tanpa adanya perkawinan yang sah dinamakan perzinaan. Perzinaanyang dilakukan tidak jarang menyebabkan kehamilan. Perkawinan dalam keadaan wanita telah hamilakibat zina dinamakan kawin hamil. KUA, sebagai lembaga pencatat perkawinan, berkewajibanmencatat setiap perkawinan, termasuk perkawinan wanita hamil akibat zina. KUA Kecamatan Kasihan,Bantul memberi catatan bahwa perkawinan wanita hamil akibat zina diperbolehkan, namun hanyadengan laki-laki yang menghamili. Alasannya ialah demi kemaslahatan anak dan status nasab bagianak. Acuannya ialah pasal 53 KHI dan tidak bertentangan dengan isi Surat An-Nûr ayat 3. Hal inimerupakan penerapan teori kemaslahatan dan maqashid asy-syari’ah. Perkawinan wanita hamildengan laki-laki yang tidak menghamili tidak dapat dilaksanakan, karena lebih besar madharatnyadaripada maslahatnya, yakni bercampur aduknya keturunan. Tulisan ini mengkaji bagaimana pendapatpihak KUA tentang kawin hamil, termasuk juga dasar dan alasan yang dipakai dalam menikahkanwanita hamil akibat zina yang ada di KUA Kecamatan Kasihan, Bantul.
Interpretation of the glacial lake outburst floods database in relation to climatic conditions in different world regions
Authors: Kovanda Matouš
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the response of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) to climatic conditions since the beginning of the 20th century and during individual seasons based on the data from the publicly available online database recording past GLOFs worldwide. All recorded GLOFs were classified into the regions of Alaska, Western Canada and USA, Central Andes, Southern Andes, Iceland, Scandinavia, Alps, Caucasus, Tian Shan, Central Asia I (west), Central Asia II (east), and New Zealand. In each of these regions, the influence of temperature and precipitation on the frequency of glacial flood occurrences was investigated. It was established that GLOFs occur mainly during the summer months and air temperature is their main triggering factor. Since the frequency of GLOFs is influenced by both temperature and precipitation, a gradual increase in the frequency of GLOFs is expected because of global warming, although the relative importance of each factor will vary across regions.
Saffron (Crocus Sativus Linnaeus) based protection against Aflatoxin B1 induced organ damage in rats
Authors: Ashi Hayat , Hamed Enas , Refaat Bassem , Idris Shakir , Khayyat Latifa , Albishi Tasahil , Neyaz Leena , Alami Outour , Al-Rahmani Fatimah , Aashi Shirin , Alamri Abdulaziz , Abduljawad Ghazi , Alobaidi Ayman , Alburberry Fahad , Alsalhi Saleh , Wali Rayan , Elbanna Khaled , Abulreesh Hussein
Published: September 2024

Saffron is well-known for its anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Saffron's nutritional and medicinal properties support its numerous uses as a flavouring and herbal remedy. This study investigated the protective efficacy of saffron administration against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced toxicity in adult male Wistar albino rats during an experimental period of 21 days. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a common mycotoxin of soils and foodstuffs. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups (Control group, AFB1 group, Saffron group, and AFB1+ Saffron group), and their body weights were measured on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. Blood samples were collected on the 21st day for haematological and biochemical studies (testosterone, kidney and liver function tests, and oxidative stress markers). Tissue samples from testes, liver, and kidney were subjected to histological examinations. The results depicted a significant decrease in the body weights after 7, 14, and 21 days of Saffron, AFB1, and AFB1+ Saffron treatments in comparison to control. Haematological investigations showed that basophils, platelets, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils greatly increased compared to the control group, whereas neutrophils and eosinophils dramatically decreased. There was a significant rise in the serum levels of uric acid, creatinine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde. Contrarily, testosterone levels notably reduced in AFB1-administered rats as compared to controls. AFB1 group exhibited several histological modifications in testes, liver, and kidney tissues. Oxidative stress biomarkers, testosterone, kidney and liver functions, and haematological parameters of the AFB1+ Saffron group remained similar to the control group. Kidney and liver tissues of Saffron-treated rats also displayed normal structure similar to the control group, which confirmed its protective efficacy against AFB1-induced toxicity. Saffron's bioactive components and antioxidant and pharmacological properties might have contributed to its promising anti-AFB1-toxicity potential.
Prenatal diagnostic errors in hemoglobin Bart’s hydrops fetalis caused by rare genetic interactions of α-thalassemia
Authors: Singha Kritsada , Yamsri Supawadee , Sanchaisuriya Kanokwan , Fucharoen Goonnapa , Fucharoen Supan
Published: September 2024

Objectives

To describe rare genetic interactions of α-thalassemia alleles causing Hb H disease and Hb Bart’s hydrops fetalis which could lead to diagnostic errors in a routine practice.

Methods

Hematological and molecular characterization were carried out in a Thai family with a risk of having fetus with Hb Bart’s hydrops fetalis.

Results

Both parents were found to be the thalassemia intermedia patients associated with unusual forms of Hb H disease. DNA analysis of common α-thalassemia mutations in Thailand identified α+-thalassemia (-α3.7 kb del) and unknown α0-thalassemia in the father and α0-thalassemia (--SEA) with unknown α+-thalassemia in the mother. Fetal DNA analysis unlikely identified a homozygosity for α0-thalassemia (--SEA/--SEA). Further analysis identified that the father carried a rare South African α0-thalassemia in combination with α+-thalassemia (--SA/-α), whereas the mother was a patient with Hb H-Queens Park disease (--SEA/ααQP). The fetus was, in fact, a compound heterozygote for (--SA/--SEA).

Conclusions

As shown in this study, routine screening for α-thalassemia at prenatal diagnosis in the region should include both common and rare α0-thalassemia alleles found in the population to effectively prevent a fatal condition of Hb Bart’s hydrops fetalis syndrome.
Influence of 1,1′-Azobis(cyclohexanezonitrile) on the thermo-oxidative aging performance of diolefin elastomers
Authors: Qin Quan , Liu Gui-Xiang , Wu Ji-Chong , Sun Wei-Xing , Liao Shuangquan
Published: September 2024

Diolefin elastomers play an important role in production and life, but their unsaturated structure leads to extreme vulnerability to heat and oxygen attack, so research into the aging of diolefin elastomers has been a hot spot in the industry. To overcome this limitation, a strategy based on the thermal decomposition of 1,1′-Azobis(cyclohexanezonitrile) (Azo) is devised, which forms stabilized compounds with imine groups during the heat process and captures radical. The diolefin elastomer was combined with azo, and isoprene rubber (IR) is chosen as a model material. Azo was added to IR to prepare the composite material (IR-Azo), and the thermo-oxidative resistance of the composite was significantly improved. Such as, after being exposed to thermo-oxidative conditions for 24 h, IR-Azo showed a tensile strength of 14.96 MPa with a retention rate of 68.25% which exceeded that of many traditional antioxidants. This study provides new insights into the development of elastomers with excellent thermo-oxidative resistance.
High-selectivity wideband bandpass filter based on quintuple-mode stub-loaded resonator and defected ground structures
Authors: Zhang Yunxiang , Gu Bin , Wu Zichen , Wang Yicheng , Li Jixuan
Published: September 2024

A high-selectivity wideband bandpass filter (BPF) based on a quintuple-mode stub-loaded resonator and defected ground structures (DGSs) is presented. Thanks to the symmetrical topology, the even/odd theory is adopted for analyses. By properly adjusting the stub dimensions, the resonant frequencies of the transmission poles and zeros can be controlled to obtain wide passband and sharp out-of-band rejection performances. The bandwidth of the upper stopband is further extended by introducing a pair of DGSs under the interdigital coupled line feeding structures, and the spurious response rejection is improved by 18.9 dB. A BPF prototype that operates at 6 GHz with a fractional bandwidth (RBW) of 70 % is manufactured for validation. The measured insertion loss and return loss are 1.3 and 17 dB, respectively. The measured out-of-band rejection over DC-2 GHz and 8.8–21 GHz are better than −30 dB.
Evaluation of alteration in the geothermal province west of Cappadocia, Türkiye: Mineralogical, petrographical, geochemical, and remote sensing data
Authors: Bilgilioglu Hacer
Published: September 2024

This study determines the mineralogical, petrographical, and geochemical properties of the rocks outcropping in geothermal areas west of the Cappadocia geothermal region. These areas include Ziga, Narlıgöl, Belisırma, Ilısu, and Sivrihisar. The study reveals their hydrothermal alteration characteristics. Also, the study aims to determine the zones of hydrothermal alterations using remote sensing. Rock samples from geothermal areas were performed using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry techniques for the determination of mineralogical assemblages and major, trace and REE's analyses. Rock samples, determined as ignimbrites and tuff, exhibit intensive alterations. XRD analysis determined the association of alteration minerals. The dominant clay minerals were kaolinite, montmorillonite, and illite. The analyses and mineral associations are compatible with argillic, mid-argillic alteration, and silicification zones. Alteration zones were identified by classifying the ASTER satellite images of kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonite using the CROSTA technique. The alteration zones observed in this study are close to existing geothermal areas. In addition, different regions with these alterations have been identified within the study area and are expected to be a valuable reference for future geothermal exploration.
The Opinio Juris and Opinio Moris in the Anglo-American Interventions During the Greek Civil War: An Archival Study of Legal Narratives
Authors: Baka Anna Irene
Published: September 2024

This article investigates the British and American interventions in Greece during the Greek Civil War, examining their legal and moral justifications. Using archival documents, the study uncovers two primary layers of discourse: the official diplomatic language of opinio juris (conviction of legality) and opinio moris (conviction of morality), alongside the covert political interests that drove these interventions. The research argues that British and American actions were primarily motivated by a ‘conviction of interest,’ with legal and moral narratives used tactically to justify their interventions. The archival materials reveal a notable lack of empathy and understanding from British and American officials regarding the trauma endured by the Greek populace due to the German occupation and collaborationist violence. Additionally, there was a significant neglect of the will of the Greek people. The study critically examines the Caserta and Civil Affairs Agreements, which provided a legal basis for British intervention, arguing that these agreements, when viewed in light of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, fail to justify the extent of foreign interference, thus questioning the authenticity of Greek consent. The article also explores the transition from British to American dominance in Greek affairs. As Britain faced economic constraints after the end of WWII, it ceded its role to the U.S., leading to the formulation of the Truman Doctrine and the implementation of the Marshall Plan. The U.S. intervention is analyzed through legal and geopolitical lenses, revealing a strategic focus on preventing communist expansion rather than providing purely legal or moral support for Greece’s recovery. Similar to British actions, American involvement often overlooked the political situation and the will of the Greek people, thereby contributing to prolonged instability.
The potential of Mitragyna speciosa leaves as a natural source of antioxidants for disease prevention
Authors: Arief Ihsanul , Sunnardianto Gagus Ketut , Khairi Syahrul , Saputri Wahyu Dita
Published: September 2024

Mitragyna speciosa is famous for its addictive effect. On the other hand, this plant has good potential as an antioxidant agent, and so far, it was not explicitly explained what the most contributing compound in the leaves to that activity is. This study has been conducted using several computational methods to determine which compounds are the most active in interacting with cytochrome P450, myeloperoxidase, and NADPH oxidase proteins. First, virtual screening was carried out based on molecular docking, followed by profiling the properties of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET); the second one is the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for 100 ns. The virtual screening results showed that three compounds acted as inhibitors for each protein: (-)-epicatechin, sitogluside, and corynoxeine. The ADMET profiles of the three compounds exhibit good drug ability and toxicity. The trajectories study from MD simulations predicts that the complexes of these three compounds with their respective target proteins are stable. Furthermore, these compounds identified in this computational study can be a potential guide for future experiments aimed at assessing the antioxidant properties through in vitro testing.
Hepatoprotective activity of medicinal plants, their phytochemistry, and safety concerns: a systematic review
Authors: Gonfa Yilma Hunde , Bachheti Archana , Semwal Prabhakar , Rai Nishant , Singab Abdel Nasser , Bachheti Rakesh Kumar
Published: September 2024

Medicinal plants and their derivatives represent a promising reservoir of remedies for various ailments. Especially secondary metabolites of these plants, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, and anthraquinones, play crucial roles in hepatoprotection. Studies have identified several prominent phytoconstituents, such as silymarin, quercetin, luteolin, glycyrrhizin, curcumin, gallic acid, chebulic acid, catechin, aloin, emodin, liquiritin, liquiritigenin, cudraflavone B, and karaviloside, as effective agents for addressing hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms underlying their efficacy include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenging, and the ability to block oxidative stress, cytokine production, and stabilize liver cell membranes. The application of natural products derived from medicinal plants in treating liver injuries is rooted in their efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety profile, contributing to their popularity. Many studies, encompassing in vitro, in vivo, preclinical, and clinical investigations, have demonstrated that the extracts of medicinal plants mitigate chemical-induced liver damage using animal models. However, intensive research efforts regarding the safety, regulatory standard, and quality control issues for using medicinal plants as hepatoprotective agents remain the strong task of scholars. The primary focus of this systematic review is to analyze the current state of the literature regarding treating liver ailments using extracts from medicinal plants, examining their phytochemical composition, and addressing associated safety considerations.
Rozważania na marginesie monografii życia i twórczości Aleksandra Grozy. O poematach Melancholia i Kniaźnin
Authors:   Wydział Filologiczny, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Mikinka Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

The article compares two poems by Aleksander Groza, a representative of the “Ukrainian school” of Polish Romanticism, which has not yet been the subject of a thorough literary analysis. The first poem, Melancholia. The Mad Poet, is Groz’s debut publication that appeared in the Noworocznik litewski for the year 1831. The second one, Kniaźnin, was included in the first volume of his poetry collection (Poezje, Wilno 1836). The research for Aleksander Groza’s monograph has revealed some interesting interpretative and biographical facts related to these texts. Drawing from the methodology of comparative studies, biography, and intertextual analysis, the author succeeded in establishing the intertextual dependencies and discovered the sources of the poet’s inspiration from German (J.W. Goethe), native Lithuanian (A. Mickiewicz), and local Ukrainian (J.M. Zaleski, A. Malczewski, M. Maksymowicz) literary circles.
Kiedy wiersz jest prozą (i na odwrót)? O (prozo)wierszu Zbigniewa Herberta Rovigo
Authors:   Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Sioma Radosław
Published: September 2024

The article concerns the relationship between the transcription of a poem and its tonal realisation, using as an example Zbigniew Herbert’s Rovigo. The key question is the situation in which the verse text corresponds to the rhythm of prose (intonational-structural delimitation). Two forms of verse format are distinguished: ‘classical’, acknowledging punctuation marks, and avant-garde, renouncing punctuation marks and, sometimes, capital letters. Consequently, it is possible to use the category of the prose poem understood both as a rhymed prose record in the sense of sound as well as a term describing a type of work in which rhyme delimitation in the phonological sense (rhythm) co-occurs with particles separated on the basis of intonation and syntax. The terminology introduced makes it also possible to consider Zbigniew Herbert as a representative of aesthetic conservative modernism, which combines both conventions of verse writing and uses both regular verse and various varieties of free verse.
Gra (z) dyskursami. Obnażenie mechanizmów funkcjonowania władzy ideologicznej w Czarnym słońcu Jakuba Żulczyka
Authors:   Szkoła Doktorska Nauk Humanistycznych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, Sikorska Monika
Published: September 2024

This article is a critical analysis of Jakub Żulczyk’s novel Czarne słońce [Black sun], which is a dystopian image of social reality dominated by ideological discourses. The analysis concerns the mechanisms of power shown in the novel: constructing its relationships and reproducing them. This work can be read as a social hyperbole that reveals the hidden lies and manipulations and also unveils the process of creating and controlling the subjects of ideological power. Czarne słońce also demonstrates how ideological discourse can become a source of repressive patterns and stereotypes and a trigger for violence, social stigmatization and exclusion. The author of the novel created a grotesque and ironic world which shows the dangers of dividing and structuring societies. This subsequently leads to their polarization and the building of hostility towards otherness.
The GHSR1a antagonist LEAP2 regulates islet hormone release in a sex-specific manner
Authors: Hewawasam Nirun , Sarkar Debalina , Bolton Olivia , Delishaj Blerinda , Almutairi Maha , King Aileen J F , Dereli Ayse S , Despontin Chloe , Gilon Patrick , Reeves Sue , Patterson Michael , Hauge-Evans Astrid C
Published: September 2024

LEAP2, a liver-derived antagonist for the ghrelin receptor, GHSR1a, counteracts the effects of ghrelin on appetite and energy balance. Less is known about its impact on blood glucose-regulating hormones from pancreatic islets. Here, we investigate whether acyl-ghrelin (AG) and LEAP2 regulate islet hormone release in a cell-type- and sex-specific manner. Hormone content from secretion experiments with isolated islets from male and female mice was measured by radioimmunoassay and mRNA expression by qPCR. LEAP2 enhanced insulin secretion in islets from males (P < 0.01) but not females (P > 0.2), whilst AG-stimulated somatostatin release was significantly reversed by LEAP2 in males (P < 0.001) but not females (P > 0.2). Glucagon release was not significantly affected by AG and LEAP2. Ghsr1a, Ghrelin, Leap2, Mrap2, Mboat4, and Sstr3 islet mRNA expression did not differ between sexes, whereas the SSTR3 antagonist MK4256 enhanced glucose-induced insulin secretion in islets from males only. In control male islets maintained without 17-beta oestradiol (E2), AG exerted an insulinostatic effect (P < 0.05), with a trend towards reversal by LEAP2 (P = 0.06). Both were abolished by 72 h E2 pre-treatment (10 nmol/L, P > 0.2). AG-stimulated somatostatin release was inhibited by LEAP2 from control (P < 0.001) but not E2-treated islets (P > 0.2). LEAP2 and AG did not modulate insulin secretion from MIN6 beta cells and Mrap2 was downregulated (P < 0.05) and Ghsr1a upregulated (P < 0.0001) in islets from Sst−/−
mice. Our findings show that AG and LEAP2 regulate insulin and somatostatin release in an opposing and sex-dependent manner, which in males can be modulated by E2. We suggest that regulation of SST release is a key starting point for understanding the role of GHSR1a in islet function and glucose metabolism.
Representaciones de género en iglesias bautistas de la ciudad de Matanzas, Cuba
Authors: Vichot Borrego Laura
Published: September 2024

This article set out to analyze gender representations in members of the First Baptist Church and the Baptist Fraternity Church of the city of Matanzas. During the research process, from a qualitative perspective, observation, survey, content analysis of sermons, and semi-structured interviews with teologians and pastors were used as techniques. Despite being a religious médium sensitive to the perspective of inclusion and that denominationally responds to postulates of Liberation Theology, the predominant gender representations were attached to binary and cisheteropatriarchal.
COOLING DEVICES DESIGNED TO RESTORE THE LOADING CAPACITY OF SOILS UNDER BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Authors: АНИКИН Г.В. , СПАСЕННИКОВА К.А.
Published: September 2024

Предложено устройство новой конструкции для температурной стабилизации мерзлых грунтов. Преимуществом предлагаемой системы является возможность установки испарительной части системы под строящиеся и эксплуатируемые объекты, ремонта и замены отдельных труб испарителей без демонтажа всего устройства с сохранением его высокой промораживающей способности. Для оценки эффективности предлагаемой системы разработана аналитическая математическая модель ее функционирования. Проведено моделирование функционирования сезонного охлаждающего устройства для климатических условий арктических городов (Варандей, Салехард, Игарка). Показано, что данным устройством всегда можно заморозить грунт под аварийными зданиями и сооружениями.

A new constructive device for temperature stabilization of frozen soils is suggested. The advantage of the proposed system is the ability to install the evaporative part of the system under construction and operating facilities. The difference from analogs is the ability to repair and replace individual evaporator pipes without dismantling the entire device while maintaining its high freezing capacity. To assess the efficiency of the proposed system, an analytical mathematical model of its functioning has been developed. The modeling of the functioning of the seasonal cooling device for the climatic conditions of the Arctic cities Varandey, Salekhard, and Igarka has been carried out. It is shown that this device can always freeze the soil under emergency buildings and structures.
Biobased Construction from Agricultural Crops: Paper 1 - A State of Play of Commercial Solutions in Europe
Authors: Daly Patrick , Barril Paula G.
Published: September 2024

In response to environmental concerns and the global warming issue in particular there is a growing drive to decarbonise the building sector and transition it to more circular practices.
Biobased construction materials, products and systems are an important low carbon and circular strategy as they can enable low to negative carbon construction and have strong circularity advantages notably being able to enter the bio cycle, using renewable, low to zero toxic resources and provide a range of other performance benefits, including moisture and vapour regulation.
This novel research presents a unique state of play on the commercial application of biobased construction from selected agricultural crops, straw, miscanthus and hemp, focused on the European context. A desk-based review of known biobased material producers and manufacturers is undertaken, supplemented with semi structured interviews and site visits, to provide a comprehensive overview of the sector and detailed account of the types of biobased materials, products and systems that are being applied in buildings across Europe and beyond.
The findings show that a diversity of agricultural crops are being utilised at different process, manufacture and construction technology levels, providing a range of tested and certified materials and products for application in mainly timber frame construction, but also some masonry solutions, and a growing number of modular systems. These operate in a diversity of supply chains and are being applied in a wide range of building types, both domestic and non-domestic, including multi story and complex buildings.
Biobased Construction from Agricultural Crops: Paper 2 - Supply Chain Dynamics of European Case Studies
Authors: Daly Patrick , Barril Paula G.
Published: September 2024

Energy security, economics and environmental factors are key drivers toward greater energy efficiency, decarbonisation and circularisation of the building sector.
Bio-based construction provides a potential low carbon and circular strategy toward these aims, as these materials can sequester carbon, are derived from renewable and nontoxic sources and can be re circulated in either technical or bio cycles.
This innovative research undertakes a state of play into select agri-crop biobased construction materials, products and systems across Europe focusing on their supply chain types and dynamics.
The research is based on a multi case study applying a range of mainly qualitative research methods, including desk-based review, semi structured interviews and supplemental field work facilitating a high-level analysis of this sector and its supply chain dynamics.
This novel research presents an overview of the sector and examination of supply chain dynamics in relation to key agricultural, process, manufacture and construction stages.
The findings show an emerging biobased construction sector utilising a range of agri-crops to produce various materials, products and modular systems within diverse and innovative supply chains, with common and distinct features and aspects identified including; crop types and utilisation, processing requirements and methods, transport, handling and storage, construction application, the centrality of certification and testing to access markets and growing interest in carbon profiling and benefits.
Rec.: Musial Bogdan. Sowjetische Partisanen. Mythos und Wirklichkeit. Paderbom: Ferdinand Schoning, 2009. 590 S
Authors: Gogun Aleksandr
Published: September 2024

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Analysis about radiation risk perception among university students from San Carlos de Bariloche and radiological protection experts from Argentina
Authors: Andres Pablo , Bengtsson Astrid
Published: September 2024

Radiation risk perception must be studied by communication and radiological protection specialists, taking account of engineering, social and cultural variables. An anonymous and voluntary survey was peformed to enquire about the radiation risk perception among university students and radiological protection experts from Argentina, and to become aware of how it is perceived compared to other health risks. A fifteen-question dedicated questionnaire was designed including socio-demographic variables and questions about work environment, risk perception and risk communication. A five-point Likert-type scale was used for most of the questions. Surveyed people were asked to compare radiological risks in medicine with other risks (i.e.: smoking, sports, leisure activities, stress). The research involved 10 (38.5%) experts, 25 (45%) physics and engineering students and 40 (100%) bio-images production bachelor students. The results were analysed based on the professional or academic background. Although participants considered the radiation exposure in medicine as a low-risk activity, the results showed a disagreement about the radiation risk perception in particular situations (i.e.: living near a nuclear power plant, training in radiological protection while at college) and about radiation risk communication strategies. There is neither right nor wrong risk perception; however, a lot of work must be done to build an agreement between radiological risk perception and risk assessment due to radiation exposure in medicine. It should include working on the design of public policies focused on radiological protection training for health staff and clinical research training for medical physicists and radiological protection specialists, while strengthening communication skills and channels.
Kinetics in the Two-Level System with Strong Time-De-pendent Coupling of Its States to the Phonon Bath: Spin-Boson Description
Authors: Petrov E.G. , Shevchenko Ye.V. , Leonov V.O. , Teslenko V.I.
Published: September 2024

Using the methods of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, the master equation for the density matrix of an open dissipative quantum system is obtained under conditions, when the coupling between the electronic states of the system and the nuclear displacements in it is controlled by the alternating field. A time-dependent polaron transformation is proposed, which made it possible to solve kinetic equations using an expansion in a parameter characterizing transitions between “phonon-dressed” electronic states of the system. As an example, a mechanism is shown that can control the kinetics in a two-level system by applying a periodic force field to electron-phonon coupling.