bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paparan Asap Rokok pada Ibu Hamil di Rumah Tangga terhadap Risiko Peningkatan Kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah di Kabupaten Gianyar
Authors: Lestari Kadek Susiana Dwi , Putra I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku
Published: April 2019

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Berdasarkan laporan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Bali 2013 proporsi Â bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) adalah 24 per 1000 kelahiran hidup, dimana Kabupaten Gianyar menempati urutan keempat tertinggi yaitu 31 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010 proporsi penduduk Provinsi Bali umur 15 tahun keatas yang sedang merokok pada saat survei adalah 31,0%, dimana 68,1% dari semua perokok tersebut merupakan perokok di dalam rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui paparan asap rokok pada ibu hamil di rumah tangga terhadap peningkatan risiko kejadian BBLR di Kabupaten Gianyar.Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah kasus kontrol, dimana kasus adalah BBLR sedangkan kontrol adalah tidak BBLR. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 116, terdiri dari 58 kasus dan 58 kontrol. Variabel terikat adalah BBLR, variabel bebas adalah paparan asap rokok. Sumber data adalah melalui wawancara dan register kohor ibu hamil di puskesmas. Analisis data dilakukan secara bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa OR paparan asap rokok suami sebesar 6,370 (95%CI: 2,836-14,309) dan OR paparan asap rokok anggota keluarga sebesar 6,577 (95%CI: 2,894-14,948). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa adjusted OR paparan asap rokok suami sebesar 7,479 (95%CI: 2,058-27,175) dan adjusted OR paparan asap rokok anggota keluarga sebesar 9,002 (95%CI: 9,002-33,286). Analisis paparan asap rokok dari suami dan anggota keluarga lain Â diperoleh adjusted OR sebesar 9,333 (95%CI: 3,417-26,201).Simpulan: Paparan asap rokok pada ibu hamil di rumah tangga merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya BBLR di Kabupaten Gianyar.
Mengembalikan Kondisi Bali Menjadi Bebas Rabies
Authors: Wirawan Dewa Nyoman
Published: April 2019

Rabies pada manusia yang ditularkan oleh anjing menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yangÂ  banyak muncul belakangan ini di kawasan Asia.1Â  Rabies pertama kali dilaporkan di Indonesia pada tahun 1884 dan saat ini endemis di 24 provinsi dari 33 provinsi yang ada.2 Sebelum tahun 2008, Bali dinyatakan bebas dari rabies karena sebelumnya tidak pernah dilaporkan adanya kasus rabies pada manusia maupun hewan.2 Kasus rabies pertama pada manusia dan anjing di Bali dijumpai Bulan Oktober tahun 2008 di Jimbaran, Kuta Selatan, Kabupaten Badung.1 Setelah kasus pertama, rabies dengan cepat menular ke kota/kabupaten lain di Bali. Pada tahun 2009, kasus rabies pada manusia dan anjing dilaporkan di Kabupaten Tabanan, Buleleng dan juga Karangasem yang jaraknya cukup jauh dari Desa Jimbaran, Kuta Selatan.
Higiene Sanitasi dan Potensi Keberadaan Gen Virulensi E.Coli pada Lawar di Kuta: Tantangan Pariwisata dan Kesehatan Pangan di Bali
Authors: Trisdayanti Ni Putu Eka , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung , Sujaya I Nengah
Published: April 2019

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Kejadian luar biasa (outbreak) terkait makanan telah berulangkali terjadi pada wisatawan maupun penduduk setempat dan mungkin terkait dengan keberadaan E.coli pathogen. Karena lawar (makanan tradisional Bali) digemari penduduk setempat dan wisatawan, diperlukan studi untuk mengetahui keberadaan E.coli patogen pada lawar dan kaitannya dengan higiene sanitasi warung makan di Kuta.Metode: Penelitian crossectional analitik dilakukan pada 43 warung yang menjual lawar putih di Kuta Utara, Kuta, dan Kuta Selatan beserta pengolahnya. Observasi dan wawancara dilakukan untuk menilai penerapan higiene perperorangan, sanitasi warung, sanitasi peralatan dan fasilitas sanitasi. Sampel lawar putih diambil dari setiap warung dan diuji di laboratorium. Indikator kualitas makanan yang diuji adalah jumlah koloni bakteri dengan Total Plate Count (TPC), keberadaan E.coli dengan teknik pemupukan dan deteksi gen virulen E.coli dengan teknik PCR. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat.Hasil: Sebanyak 44,2% lawar memiliki jumlah koloni bakteri >106 CFU/gr; 46,5% lawar positif E.coli, dan 20% dari sampel yang positif E.coli menunjukkan gambaran band dengan ukuran mirip Shiga Like Toxin Type I (SLT-I). Lawar yang terkontaminasi lebih banyak di wilayah Kuta Utara. Higiene penjual yang kurang baik lebih berisiko terhadap keberadaan E.coli dibandingkan higiene penjual yang baik (adjusted OR 7,29; 95%CI: 1,473-36,088).Simpulan: Kualitas lawar di Kuta masih kurang baik dan disertai penerapan higiene sanitasi yang rendah
Incidence of dengue fever, climate and vector density in Denpasar
Authors: Rubianti Irma , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung
Published: April 2019

BackgroundÂ andÂ purpose:Â  Until 2009, Denpasar consistently had the highest rates of dengue fever in Bali.Â However, from 2010 onwards, dengue rates in Denpasar have declined and in 2017 ranked 7th for incidences of dengue fever in Bali.Â This study aims to determine the trend and the difference of dengue feverÂ incidence rates, vector densityÂ and climate for the period 2007-2017.Method: This study employed a secondaryÂ analysisÂ of dengue feverÂ incidence rates, climate data and vector density from 2007 to 2017.Â Data on dengue fever incidence, vector density and the number of field workers (in Indonesia known asÂ juru pemantau jentik or jumantik) carrying out household surveillance of the Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae were obtained from the Denpasar City Health Office.Â  Climate data for 2007-2017 were obtained from the Bali Province Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysical Agency or called Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG).Â The data were analyzed by comparing the dengue fever incidence rates, climate data, and vector-density data of the period 2007-2012 and 2013-2017.Results:Â Incidences ofÂ dengue feverÂ in Denpasar have declined since 2013. The number ofÂ jumantik in 2007-2012 was 215 and has been increasedÂ toÂ 431 since 2013.Â Climate-related variables found to differ significantly were air temperature, humidity, wind speed and sunlight duration. Air temperature was significantly higher (p=0.034) in 2013-2017 with a mean of 27.8oC compared to the period of 2007-2012 with a mean ofÂ 27.5oC. Humidity was significantly lower (p<0.01) in 2013-2107 with a mean of 78.0% compared to the period of 2007-2012 with a mean ofÂ 79.8%. Wind speed was significantly higher (p<0.01) in 2013-2017 with a mean of 6.4 knots compared to the period of 2007-2012 with a mean of 5.6 knots.Â Sunlight duration was significantly lower (p=0.005) in 2013-2017 with a mean of 65.0% compared to the period of 2007-2012 with a mean of 73.0%. Rainfall was lower in 2013-2017 with a mean of 154.8 mm compared to the period of 2007-2012 with a mean of 171 mm, however, the difference was not significant (p=0.569). The proportion of larva-free households was significantly higher (p=0.001) in 2013-2017 (96.9%) compared to the period of 2009-2012 (95.3%). The data of house index (HI), container index (CI) and Breteau indexÂ (BI) cannot be compared between these two periods because they are only available for 2013-2017.Conclusion:Â There has been a decrease in the incidence ofÂ dengue feverÂ in Denpasar from 2013-2017 compared to 2007-2012.Â This is likely to be related to the performance of jumantik in the implementation of vector control programmeÂ (VCP)Â inÂ Denpasar.
Basis properties of root functions of a regular fourth order boundary value problem
Authors: KAYA Ufuk , KARA KUZU Esma
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we consider the following boundary value problem\[ y^{(4)}+q(x) y=\lambda y,~\ \ \ 0<x<1, \]\[ y^{\prime\prime\prime}\left(1\right)-\left(-1\right)^{\sigma}y^{\prime\prime\prime}\left(0\right)+\alpha y\left(0\right) =0, \]\[ y^{(s)}(1) -( -1) ^{\sigma}y^{(s) }( 0) =0,\ \ \ s=\overline{0,2}, \]where $\lambda $ is a spectral parameter, $q( x)\in L_{1}(0,1)$ is complex-valued function and $\sigma =0,1$. The boundary conditions of this problem are regular but not strongly regular. Asymptotic formulae for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the considered boundary value problem are established. When $\alpha\ne 0$, we proved that all the eigenvalues, except for finite number, are simple and the system of root functions of this spectral problem forms a Riesz basis in the space $L_{2}( 0,1)$. Furthermore, we show that the system of root functions forms a basis in the space $L_{p}( 0,1)$, $1<p<\infty$ $(p\neq 2)$, under the conditions $\alpha\ne 0$ and $q( x) \in W_{1}^{1}( 0,1)$.
Some commutative ring extensions defined by almost Bézout condition
Authors: AZAİEZ Najib Ouled , ABDOU SALAM MOUTUİ Moutu
Published: April 2019

In this paper, we study the almost Bézout property in different commutative ring extensions, namely, in bi-amalgamated algebras and pairs of rings. In Section 2, we deal with almost Bézout domains issued from bi-amalgamations. Our results capitalize well known results on amalgamations and pullbacks as well as generate new original class of rings satisfying this property. Section 3 investigates pairs of rings where all intermediate rings are almost Bézout domains. As an application of our results, we characterize pairs of rings $(R,T)$, where $R$ arises from a $(T,M,D)$ construction to be an almost Bézout domain.
Evaluation of salt cured Kenyan hides and skins Part I of a case study at Mariakani Curing premises, Coast province, Kenya
Authors: Mwinyihija Mwinyikione , Magero Joan , Chemining’wa George N.
Published: April 2019

A study was conducted at curing premises at Mariakani at the Coast province of Kenya, where salt curing of hides and skins from Cattle, goat and sheep was evaluated. The parameters investigated eventually compared various species in aspects related to blood yield at slaughter point and moisture loss during preservation in a span of 0, 7 and 14 days. The results indicated that blood yield (%) based on body weight showed Sheep>Goat>Cattle. Moreover, moisture weight was highest on the first 7days and reduced to the minimum on day 14 onwards. However, the highest % moisture loss when Cattle hides, sheep and goat skins were compared indicating that both in day 7 and 14 hides>goat>sheep. Incidentally blood yield of an animal specie positively correlated to that of body weight. This was exhibited when Goat skins (weighing 12 kg ± 2.65) yielded 5.5% ± 1.12 blood of its body weight whilst Sheepskins (weighing 13kg± 2.00) yielded 6.7% ± 1.72 of its body weight. The resultant effluent for such moisture production indicated that various amounts of complex contaminant were produced in the process. The final effluent emanating from the cured hides and skins were further characterized and the parameters such as the COD, Lead, Copper, Zinc, Salinity, particulate matter, pH and turbidity were analysed. It is envisaged that further studies be undertaken to evaluate the effluents impact; on soils, aquatic and atmospheric systems to determine the extent of potential damage to the environment.
Economy of potential and expectations: Selected remarks on the background of the National Program for the Development of Social Economy
Authors: Małecka-Łyszczek Magdalena
Published: April 2019

The National Program for the Development of Social Economy is an operational and implementation document that has perceived and exposed the potential (package of possibilities), which solutions in the area of social economy create for both citizens and public authorities. At the same time, this program shows a wide spectrum of expectations formulated in relation to the social economy sector. Therefore, this text is devoted to capturing the basic regulations of this comprehensive document, which at the time of its creation made it possible to make an inventory of existing solutions in the area of social economy in Poland, and pointed out the proposed solutions for the future. Attention was also paid to the planned development, refinement and modification of the Program assumptions.
Social economy as a component of labour market policy: The Polish experience
Authors: Frączek Maciej
Published: April 2019

Changes of the modern labour market imply the necessity to look for new solutions to solving problems in the area of employment as a part of public policy. One of such possibilities is using the activating potential of social economy entities. The aim of the article is to show the common area of the social economy activities and labour market policy embedded in Polish practice in a conceptual and operational dimension. The author uses the analysis of social economy and labour market policy found in Polish literature and also overviews the National Action Plans for Employment taking into account aspect of social economy activities. The study concludes that the social economy is already partially institutionalized element of the labour market policy in Poland, however it is still unstable and constantly seeking its own lucid imprint on the map of public policies.
Monetization of social effects
Authors: Głowacki Jakub
Published: April 2019

One of the key barriers to the development of the social economy sector in Poland is the lack of common knowledge and skills in the effective and systematic measurement of achievements. This is important because despite the growing public awareness of the benefits generated by this sector, there are still some reservations about the rationality of supporting social enterprises. The way to measurable and effective presentation of the effects of social activities is to monetise these effects, that is, to give them a monetary value. This article reviews literature related to the valuation of non-market goods developed in the area of ecology and indicates the potential for adaptation of this type of methods in the area of social economy. These conclusions can be used to conduct further empirical research as well as to build new methods and tools for social impact assessment.
Social economy as an important element of professional reintegration of people with disabilities in Poland
Authors: Mynarska Ewa
Published: April 2019

The disabled people are particularly susceptible to different forms of exclusion, both social and professional. Such troublesome situation not only triggers some changes in social politics, but also it diverts into finding new solutions in the realm of social economy. Data on the situation of disabled people on the labor market and the presented literature show that social economy entities are not an effective tool for activating disabled people in the labour market.
Financial and insurance institutions as the social economy entities in Galicia: An overview
Authors: Broński Krzysztof
Published: April 2019

Galicia was the most backward province in the Habsburg monarchy. In the socio-economic structure of this region, the rural population prevailed, sustaining itself on small farms. Natural disasters occurring in Galicia, especially floods and fires, deepened the impoverishment of the society. The emerging social economy entities were aimed at providing aid to various social groups, particularly the rural population. The essay presents the origins and the functioning of cooperative financial institutions and mutual insurance companies in Galicia in the second half of the 19th century. An attempt to assess the results of the activities of cooperative financial institutions showed their important role in counteracting usury and supporting the development of small farms and crafts by providing cheap credit. In the 1860s, the mutual insurance company „Florianka” was established in Kraków. On the eve of World War I this institution was one of the largest societies of this type in the world. In addition, mutual insurance companies „Wisła”, „Dnister” and „Karpatia” were established and operated in Galicia.
City lab as a way to implement social innovation in urban areas
Authors: Kopyciński Piotr
Published: April 2019

This article attempts to combine two issues: present for some time in the scientific discussion concept of social innovation with a topic that appeared relatively recently – city lab. The aim of the considerations is to show the essence of city lab in the context of implementing social innovations. For its implementation, the author made an analysis of the relevant literature on the subject. The article starts with a review of understanding of social innovations. Next, the essence of city lab is described, indicating the actors and their functions. Finally, the author points out the relationship between the title concepts. In the presented approach, the city lab is a platform for implementing social innovations. The latter relate to longterm urban development planning, implemented with the participation of various stakeholders, with the dominating role of the city users (residents) as the main innovators and local authorities, watching the reality and legality of the proposed solutions. The presented approach seems to be worth promoting both by representatives of science and public decision-makers.
The Role of Natriuretic Peptides in Management of Premature Infants with Hemodynamically Significant Patent Arterial Duct
Authors: Furman Evgenij G. , Biyanov Aleksej N. , Porodikov Artem , Bahmet’eva Oksana B. , Druzhen’kov Vladimir G.
Published: April 2019

Hemodynamically significant patent arterial duct in premature infants can be the reason of life-threatening complications. Thus it is topical to define the high risk of such complications and mortality in early neonatal period. We have reviewed researches results covering prognostic value of natriuretic peptides level in premature infants with hemodynamically significant patent arterial duct. The data on management planning of such patients according to the A-type and B-type natriuretic peptides levels is presented.
Repeatability of morpho-agronomic characters of Theobroma grandiflorum fruits
Authors: Alcoforado Ayulle Thalía Watson , Pedrozo Cássia Ângela , Mayer Marcos Miguel , Lima-Primo Hyanameyka Evangelista de
Published: April 2019

Abstract The objective of this study was to estimate coefficients of repeatability, to determine the minimum number of fruits necessary for genotype selection and to estimate phenotypic correlation coefficients between morpho-agronomic characters of Theobroma grandiflorum fruits. It was evaluated twenty - two genotypes of an agroforestry system implanted in the municipality of Cantá - RR. Ten fruits per genotype were collected and evaluated for longitudinal length, transverse diameter, total weight, peel thickness, peel weight, pulp weight, placental weight and wet seed weight. Four statistical methods were used to estimate the repeatability coefficients: variance analysis, main components based on the correlation matrix and the covariance matrix, and structural analysis based on the correlation matrix. The number of measurements needed to predict the real value of the genotypes and the Pearson correlation coefficients among the characters were also estimated. The repeatability coefficients ranged from low to moderate, with 10 fruits per plant generally required, with 85% of confidence, in order to make an effective selection for most of the characters studied. There are possibilities of indirect gains for fruits with greater amount of pulp through the selection of larger and / or heavier fruits.
Las concepciones de hombre y de trabajo en Miguel de Unamuno
Authors: Santos Emanuel José Maroco dos
Published: April 2019

Resumen Las concepciones de hombre y trabajo están íntimamente interconectadas dentro del pensamiento de Miguel de Unamuno. La persona, sin reducirse a ninguna forma de instrumentalización política y económica, no es un mero medio, sino un fin en sí misma. Unamuno no escamotea su lucha en contra del capitalismo y de la transformación de lo económico y de lo político en mero valor de cambio. No nos extraña, pues, que nuestro autor, no conformándose con los efectos del materialismo mercantilista, proponga unas concepciones de política y de sociedad más humanas capaces de dignificar la vida de cada hombre concreto de carne y hueso. Es en este marco teórico-conceptual en el que Unamuno conceptualiza el trabajo como vocación y como forma de realización humana, desvinculándolo de la perspectiva mercantilista vigente en su época. El propósito del presente estudio es, pues, descubrir la íntima relación que une la concepción unamuniana de hombre con su concepción del trabajo como forma de formación y libertad humanas.
Bemerkungen ou Beobachtungen? sobre as "observações psicológicas" de Schopenhauer e Rée
Authors: Debona Vilmar
Published: April 2019

Resumo: O artigo investiga os dois diferentes modelos de "observação psicológica" que Arthur Schopenhauer e Paul Rée elaboraram, enquanto parte de suas filosofias morais, pretendendo elucidar as críticas do último à moralidade e à psicologia empírica do primeiro. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, a investigação pauta alguns dos principais conceitos da filosofia moral schopenhaueriana, para, com isso, especificar os principais momentos da elaboração da referida psicologia empírica e o seu alcance no interior dessa filosofia. Destaca-se o caráter descritivo - mas, ainda assim, moral e crítico - atribuído por Schopenhauer a tal psicologia, no sentido de Psychologische Bemerkungen. Num segundo momento, indicam-se elementos conceituais que permitem pensar a recepção e as críticas de Rée a essa mesma noção, a partir da sua obra Psychologische Beobachtungen, que, mesmo declarada pelo autor como sendo de inspiração schopenhaueriana, apresenta suas "observações" com uma conotação diversa, mediante a recusa de elementos fundamentais daquele pensamento, notadamente no que tange ao âmbito da moralidade.
A diagramatic scale to quantify severity of antracnose in Rubus glaucus Benth
Authors: Patiño Paula Andrea González , Álvarez Gloria Edith Guerrero , Valencia Liliana Isaza
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: Rubus glaucus Benth, commonly referred to as mora de Castilla, is affected by Colletotrichum acutatum, as it induces anthracnose in many of the plant organs. Generally, it affects the fruits during the post-harvest phase and damages them, causing economic losses due to the poor crop quality. At present, no standardized methods are available for this pathosystem that can be used to characterize quantitatively the epidemic and to permit the prediction and comparison of the disease management techniques. In this research, we proposed a logarithmic diagrammatic scale of the severity of anthracnose induced by C. acutatum in the fruits of the thornless variety of R. glaucus Benth. This scale is constructed on the adjustment of the Weber-Fechner law and includes six classes, viz., 0%, 1-6%, 7-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-100%. The scale was validated using 14 evaluators, which entailed measuring the affected fruits with and without utilizing the scale; this improved the precision, accuracy and reproducibility of the calculations whenever the scale was used. We concluded that the scale proposed can be used to assess the severity of anthracnose induced by the fungus in the R. glaucus Benth fruits.
High prevalence of porcine circovirus 2, porcine parvovirus, and pathogenic leptospires in mummified swine fetuses in Southern Brazil
Authors: Herdt Geslaine , Maciel Alex Eron , Martins Mathias , Tonin Alexandre Alberto , Vanazzi Daniela Lourdes , Martins Dyane , Baldasso Núbia Deconto , Girardini Lilian Kolling , Machado Sergio Abreu , Bennemann Paulo Eduardo
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT: Modern swine production employs a high degree of technology and is organized in various production stages, in which reproduction is one of the most significant. However, reproductive losses associated to fetal death are still high. Fetal losses, including fetal mummification, may occur at a rate below 1.5% in a sound herd. The causes of fetal death can be very diverse, and include various infectious agents. Therefore, investigating the causes of fetal losses is important in the decision-making process related to the control and prophylaxis of the herd. The goal of this study was to carry out a molecular survey, analyzing porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), porcine parvovirus (PPV), and pathogenic Leptospira as potential agents related to fetal death in swine farms in Southern Brazil. We collected samples from three farms with a mummified index ≥ 2.5%. Fragments of brain, lung, kidney, liver, and heart were sampled for PCR analysis. Out of 100 samples examined, 87, 68, and 22 were positive for PCV2, PPV, and Leptospira spp., respectively. Moreover, we also identified coinfections with two and three pathogens in the same sample. Our findings contribute to the spreading of scientific knowledge related to infectious causes (PPV, PCV2, and pathogenic leptospires) of fetal losses in swine, as evidenced by the high frequencies of the investigated agents.
Mucosal vitiligo in angles of the mouth: clinical and fluorescence aspects
Authors: Andrade Sérgio Araújo , Baeta Isabela Guimarães Ribeiro , Ribeiro Marisa Maria , Pratavieira Sebastião , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Varotti Fernando de Pilla
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting, chronic acquired disease of the skin and mucosa. However, vitiligo of an unclassified type and mucosal subtype affecting only one area of the mucosa is considered quite uncommon. The diagnosis of vitiligo, regardless of its type, is clinical. Nonetheless, a device that allows the visualization of the tissue fluorescence may be useful for confirming the diagnosis. We present the use of wide-field optical fluorescence device for complementary examination and diagnosis of unusual cases of mucosal vitiligo located only in angles of the mouth.
Comparison of different types of endovascular mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Pu Yuan
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY Background: To compare the treatment efficacy of different types of endovascular mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Material and Methods: A total of 89 patients with AIS were selected in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 and divided into tPA group (n=27), tPA+Trevo group (n=30) and tPA+Solitaire FR group (n=32) for different treatments. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated using NIHSS and mRS system. The NIHSS score, vascular recanalization rate and postoperative complications were compared among groups. Results: The NIHSS score of the tPA group was significantly lower than that of other two groups at 1 d after the operation (p < 0.05), but it was significantly higher than that of other two groups at 3 d and 3 w after the operation (p < 0.05). After the treatment, no significant difference in NIHSS score was found between the tPA+Trevo and tPA Solitaire FR groups. The revascularization rate was significantly higher, but the mortality rate in 90 d was significantly lower in the tPA+Trevo and tPA+Solitaire FR groups than that in the tPA group (p < 0.05), and no significant difference was found between the tPA+Trevo and tPA+Solitaire FR groups. The incidence rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was significantly lower in the tPA+Solitaire FR group than that in tPA+Trevo group (p < 0.05) or tPA group (p < 0.01). Significantly more patients with mRS no higher than 2 points were found in the tPA+Trevo and tPA+Solitaire FR groups than those in tPA group (p < 0.05), and no significant difference was found between the tPA+Trevo and tPA+Solitaire FR groups. Conclusion: TPA+Solitaire FR is a type of thrombectomy that is superior to tPA and tPA+Trevo in the treatment of patients with AIS.
Non-pharmacological motor-cognitive treatment to improve the mental health of elderly adults
Authors: Ponce Javiera , Latín Claudia , Leiva Víctor , Cortés Guillermo , Rodríguez Fernando , Jiménez Christian E.
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To propose a program of physical-cognitive dual task and to measure its impact in Chilean institutionalized elderly adults. METHOD: Experimental design study with pre and post-intervention evaluations, measuring the cognitive and depressive levels by means of the Pfeiffer test and the Yesavage scale, respectively. The program was applied for 12 weeks to adults between 68 and 90 years old. The statistical analysis was based on the nonparametric Wilcoxon test for paired samples and was contrasted with its parametric version. The statistical software R was used. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were obtained in the cognitive level (p-value < 0.05) and highly significant (p-value < 0.001) in the level of depression with both tests (parametric and nonparametric). CONCLUSION: Due to the almost null evidence of scientific interventions of programs that integrate physical activity and cognitive tasks together in Chilean elderly adults, a program of physical-cognitive dual task was proposed as a non-pharmacological treatment, easy to apply and of low cost to benefit their integral health, which improves significantly the cognitive and depressive levels of institutionalized elderly adults.
Reality of premature ovarian failure in Argentina
Authors: Demayo Sandra , Giannone Lorena , Monastero Amalia , Nolting Manuel , Landeau Maria Palma , Lana Maria Belén Perez , Rolo Guadalupe , Sternberg Karina
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY Premature Ovarian Insufficiency is defined as a decline in ovarian function that is accompanied by two biochemical determinations of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in hypergonadotropic values, in addition to low levels of circulating estrogens in women under 40 years old. Although some of its possible etiologies are recognized and diagnosed, most of the time, its cause remains unknown. It is a pathology with medical, psychological, and reproductive implications. Patients may experience climacteric symptoms, infertility, and emotional distress. In the medium and long term, cardiovascular and bone health can be affected, and some degree of cognitive deterioration can be evidenced. The therapeutic approach needs to be comprehensive for the patient and multidisciplinary. SAEGRE created in Argentina an interhospital network dedicated to gathering relevant statistical information regarding this and other pathologies in order to provide better assistance for these patients.
Metastasis from glioblastoma multiforme: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cunha Marcelo Lemos Vieira da , Maldaun Marcos Vinicius Calfat
Published: April 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Extracranial metastases of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are rare due to the short survival experienced by the patients. Therefore, the natural history of GBM metastases remains elusive. The identification of clinical factors promoting GBM metastases may help elucidate the mechanisms of tumor cell invasion in the brain. The aims of this study were to perform a meta-analysis evaluating the survival, characteristics, prognostic factors, and predictors of treatment outcome in patients with metastatic GBM and describe a case of metastatic extracranial GBM. METHODS: We report the case of a patient diagnosed with GBM metastatic to the lungs and the results of a meta-analysis of 114 other cases of metastatic GBM identified through a MEDLINE and BIREME search. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 38.2±16.1 years and 70.4% were male. The time elapsed between the identification of the metastasis and death was significantly increased in patients undergoing surgery (p=0.019), whereas the time from the diagnosis of the primary tumor to death was significantly increased in patients receiving radiation therapy (p=0.050). The time elapsed from metastasis to death and diagnosis to death was significantly longer in patients receiving chemotherapy (p<0.001 and p=0.027, respectively). The liver was the metastatic site associated with the shortest time elapsed from diagnosis to death (p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: In GBM, surgical resection is important in reducing the risk of metastasis, and chemotherapy and radiation therapy help to prolong survival in metastatic GBM. Metastases to the liver are associated with shorter survival compared with metastases to other sites.
Relevance of a skilled vascular surgeon and optimized facility practices in the long-term patency of arteriovenous fistulas: a prospective study
Authors: Siga Esteban Lucas , Ibalo Noemi , Benegas Maria R. , Laura Farias , Luna Carlos , Aiziczon David H. , Demicheli Elvio
Published: April 2019

Abstract Introduction: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are the best hemodialysis vascular accesses, but their failure rate remains high. Few studies have addressed the role of the vascular surgeon's skills and the facility's practices. We aimed to study these factors, with the hypothesis that the surgeon's skills and facility practices would have an important role in primary failure and patency rates at 12 months, respectively. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study carried out from March 2005 to March 2017. Only incident patients were included. A single surgeon made all AVFs, either in the forearm (lower) or the elbow (upper). Vascular access definitions were in accordance with the North American Vascular Access Consortium. Results: We studied 113 AVFs (65% lower) from 106 patients (39% diabetics, 58% started with catheter). Time to first connection was 21.5 days (IR: 14 - 31). Only 14 AVFs (12.4%) underwent primary failure and 18 failed during the first year. Functional primary patency rate was 80.9% (SE 4.1) whereas primary unassisted patency rate, which included PF, was 70.6% (4.4). Logistic regression showed that diabetes (OR = 3.3, 95%CI 1.38 - 7.88, p = .007) and forearm location (OR = 3.03, 95CI% 1.05 - 8.76, p = 0.04) were predictors of AVF failure. Patency of lower and upper AVFs was similar in non-diabetics, while patency in diabetics with lower AVFs was under 50%. (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Results suggest that a long-lasting, suitable AVF is feasible in almost all patients. The surgeon's skills and facility practices can have an important role in the long term outcome of AVF.
Effect of local papaverine on arteriovenous fistula maturation in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Manani Reza , Kazemzadeh Gholamreza , Saberi Ali , Sadeghipour Fatemeh , Rahmani Asghar
Published: April 2019

Abstract Background: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) maturation is one of the main concerns in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and finding a strategy for increasing success rate and accelerating fistula maturation is valuable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of papaverine injection on AVF maturation and success rate. Method: This study was a randomized clinical trial that involved 110 patients with ESRD that were referred for AVF construction. Patients were allocated in papaverine group and control group with block randomization according to age and sex. In the case group, papaverine (0.1 or 0.2 cc) was injected locally within the subadventitia of artery and vein after proximal and distal control during AVF construction and in the control group, AVF construction was done routinely without papaverine injection. Results: Maturation time in case and control groups was 37.94 ± 11.49 and 44.23 ± 9.57 days, respectively (p=0.004). Hematoma was not seen in the case group but occurred in one patient in the control group. One patient of the case group developed venous hypertension. Four functional fistulas, 1 (1.8%) in the case group and 3 (5.5%) in the control group, failed to mature (p=0.618). Maturation rate did not differ between the two groups statistically (p=0.101). Conclusion: Local papaverine injection increased vessel diameter and blood flow, increasing shearing stress in both arterial and venous segment of recently created AVF. In this way, papaverine probably can decrease AVF maturation time without an increase in complications.
WHAT SOCIAL SCIENCE MUST LEARN FROM THE HUMANITIES
Authors: Alexander Jeffrey C.
Published: April 2019

Abstract Identifying a shift away from a more humanistic approach in the sociology and political science practiced in the United States since the 1950s, Jeffrey Alexander seeks to recuperate an intellectual tradition of the social sciences that places the cultural meanings and subjective dimensions of social actions at the very centre of analysis, while simultaneously considering the structure nature of social life. Opposing the ‘great divide’ between social sciences and humanities, therefore, Alexander proposes, via his strong program of cultural sociology, a conception of sociology that considers social facts not as ‘things’ but as ‘texts,’ analysing how cultural meanings are socially rooted and structure social life.
COMO O TRABALHO FLEXÍVEL AFETA OS MÚSICOS ERUDITOS? O CASO DA ORQUESTRA DE CÂMARA THEATRO SÃO PEDRO DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: Bartz Guilherme Furtado , Oliven Ruben George
Published: April 2019

Resumo A flexibilização do trabalho atinge também o campo da música erudita. Muitos músicos atuam por projetos e têm múltiplos empregos, lidando com a incerteza econômica e a falta de garantias profissionais. Este artigo analisa os músicos da Orquestra de Câmara Theatro São Pedro, localizada em Porto Alegre e mantida somente com recursos privados, mostrando que eles sobrevivem exclusivamente de atividades ligadas ao campo da música, por meio dos cachês que recebem pelos concertos e pela atuação em outros serviços musicais. Mediante pesquisa etnográfica que incluiu assistência a ensaios e concertos, bem como entrevistas, foi possível mostrar como a flexibilização do trabalho afeta os artistas que se inserem nesse segmento do mercado de trabalho musical.
AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DE FRANCIS CHATEAURAYNAUD: PERCEPÇÃO E REFLEXIVIDADE NA SEGUNDA ONDA DA SOCIOLOGIA PRAGMÁTICA FRANCESA
Authors: Mello Fabrício Cardoso de
Published: April 2019

Resumo O artigo apresenta uma revisão da obra de Francis Chateauraynaud, contextualizando o autor no âmbito da sociologia pragmática francesa e discutindo suas principais contribuições para tal corrente. Chateauraynaud desponta como um dos principais nomes desse movimento surgido na França em meados da década de 1980, participando ativamente de sua renovação a partir da década seguinte. No artigo enfatiza-se o aspecto teórico da sua obra, em especial a complexificação da reflexão pragmática sobre a produção da crítica, o que o autor faz, principalmente, a partir de uma síntese dos elementos perceptivo e dialógico da ação social. Dessa forma, ele acompanha o desdobramento de sua sociologia da percepção em uma pragmática das transformações.
Estratégias de intra e intersetorialidade para transversalizar a saúde do trabalhador em todos os níveis de atenção à saúde
Authors: Garbin Andréia De Conto , Pintor Eliana Aparecida da Silva
Published: April 2019

Resumo Objetivo: descrever o papel e as ações conduzidas pelo Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador (Cerest) de São Bernardo do Campo (SP) para a implementação da política de saúde do trabalhador no município, entre 2010 e 2016. Métodos: o relato de experiência foi baseado em reflexões coletivas associadas à análise de documentos - relatórios, memórias de reunião, planos de trabalho do Cerest, Planos Municipais de Saúde - sobre as ações do serviço e sua construção intra e intersetorial. Resultados: coube ao Cerest o papel de fomentar o debate e problematizar as intervenções, introduzindo e disseminando na rede de saúde a atenção ao trabalhador. As ações do Cerest focalizaram o trabalho em rede buscando desenvolver o raciocínio clínico, epidemiológico e sociopolítico sobre a realidade sanitária da população. Foram construídas referências técnicas por meio do apoio matricial visando a implementação da notificação compulsória dos agravos relacionados à saúde do trabalhador na rede pública e privada, a articulação intersetorial, o fortalecimento da participação social e da articulação de ações regionais. Conclusão: fundada no compromisso ético-político que se impõe às ações de saúde, a experiência tem buscado instituir uma cultura da saúde do trabalhador no âmbito da saúde e do município, respeitando os princípios da integralidade do cuidado e da centralidade do trabalho.
Modified NRCS-CN-TUH methods for distributed rainfall-runoff modeling
Authors: Costa Fagner França da , Paz Adriano Rolim da , Piccilli Daniel Gustavo Allasia
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT Due to the relative ease of application, the CN and the Triangular Unit Hydrograph (TUH) methods are commonly used in hydraulic facilities design. This work adapts these methods to incorporate the spatial variability of the physical characteristics of the catchment. The flow travel time (tv) is computed from the DEM and the CN and TUH methods are adapted to produce results on a pixel basis. This methodology is applied to the Cascata I catchment (Porto Alegre - RS), considering two variants: i) TUHout - tv calculated from each pixel up to the catchment outlet; ii) TUHdown - tv computed from one pixel to the immediate downstream. The proposed methodology showed potential to be used for hydrologic modeling of rainfall events in small catchments, as an alternative for providing information useful for urban drainage management, as the characterization of catchment areas with distinct behavior regarding velocities and potential for runoff generation. On the other side, the results showed an underestimation of peak discharges and time to peak. Initial abstraction losses of the CN method lower than the one originally prescribed provided more realistic results, in agreement to recent studies. There is the need for an improvement of the methodology for the characteristics of the Brazilian catchments besides the simple adaptation of the classical equations of the CN method to its distributed form.
Multivariate estimate of heritability for quality traits in tomatoes by the multiple factor analysis
Authors: Medico Ana Paula Del , Cabodevila Victoria Guadalupe , Vitelleschi María Susana , Pratta Guillermo Raúl
Published: April 2019

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate a multiple factor analysis approach to estimate heritability for quality traits in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), taking as a reference the values of heritability obtained through the classical method offspring-parent regression. A total of 18 F3 tomato families originated from the selfing of 18 individuals from a second-cycle hybrid were evaluated. In both generations, ten quantitative traits related to fruit quality were assessed. The multiple factor analysis showed that some of the evaluated traits performed differently and others similarly between generations. Heritability is low or null for some traits, such as shelf life and reflectance percentage, and high for others, as weight and shape. That analysis also enables the study of the global connection between both generations through the RV (F3, F2) coefficient, which measures the correlation between two matrix configurations. RV was 0.503 and may be associated with the general heritability of all data. The multiple factor analysis is a valid multivariate technique to evaluate heritability for quality traits in tomatoes.
Older-Patient-Specific Cancer Trials: A Pooled Analysis of 2,277 Patients (A151715)
Authors: Dao Dyda , Zemla Tyler , Jatoi Aminah , Freedman Rachel A. , Hurria Arti , Muss Hyman , Cohen Harvey Jay , Shulman Lawrence N. , Citron Marc , Budman Daniel , McMurray Ryan , Partridge Ann , Carey Lisa , Sedrak Mina S. , Lafky Jacqueline M. , Le-Rademacher Jennifer G.
Published: April 2019

Background

Less than 3% of older patients with cancer are enrolled in clinical trials. To reverse this underrepresentation, we compared older patients enrolled with older-patient-specific trials, defined as those designed for older patients with cancer, with those enrolled in age-unspecified trials.

Materials and Methods

We focused on individual patient data from those ≥65 years (younger patients excluded) and included all Alliance phase III adjuvant breast cancer trials from 1985–2012.

Results

Among 2,277 patients, 1,014 had been enrolled to older-patient-specific and 1,263 to age-unspecified trials. The median age (range) in the older-patient-specific trials was 72 (65–89) years compared with 68 (65–84) years in the cohort of older patients in age-unspecified trials; p < .0001. A greater percentage of patients 75 years or older had enrolled in older-patient-specific trials compared with the cohort of age-unspecified trials: 26% versus 6% (p < .0001). Median overall survival (OS) was 12.8 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.9–13.7) and 13.5 years (95% CI, 12.9–14.1) for older-patient-specific and age-unspecified trials, respectively. OS was comparable (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92–1.28; p = .34; referent: age-unspecified trials), after adjusting for age, estrogen receptor status, tumor size, and lymph node status. Similar findings were reached for recurrence-free survival. A lower rate of grade 3–5 adverse events (hematologic and nonhematologic) was reported in older-patient-specific trials (43% vs. 58%; p < .0001). Sensitivity analysis with chemotherapy only trials and subset analysis, adjusted for performance score, yielded similar OS results.

Conclusion

Older-patient-specific trials appear to address this underrepresentation of older patients with ostensibly comparable outcomes. Clinical trial identification numbers. NCT00003088 (CALGB 9741); NCT00024102 (CALGB 49907); NCT00068601 (CALGB 40401); NCT00005970 (NCCTG N9831)
Determination of Phytocomponents of Twenty-one Varieties of Smokeless Tobacco using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS)
Authors: Alhazmi Hassan A. , Khalid Asaad , Sultana Shahnaz , Abdelwahab Siddig I. , Ahsan Waquar , OraibyI Magbool E. , Al Bratty Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Smokeless tobacco (ST) leaves are being consumed by millions in Middle Eastern countries including Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen, where the locally manufactured form is called shammah. We intended to explore and compare the phytocomponents of 21 different varieties of shammah that are commonly available in different cities of Jazan province of Saudi Arabia using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). A total of 61 different constituents were tentatively identified in these samples including both hazardous and non-hazardous compounds. Solvents of different polarity, such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water were used to prepare the extracts. Interestingly, a number of new and unusual constituents were identified in some samples. N-methoxycarbonyl-amphetamine was detected as 6.76 %, 4.88 % and 2.58 % of total compounds in Khadrah, Arishi and Sudani shammah samples, respectively. Similarly, the presence of caffeine (0.44-1.41 %) in Adani cold from Jazan city and Abu Arish and Adani hot shammah from Abu Arish suggested the possibility of adulteration. Extremely hazardous arsenic and benzopyran derivatives were present in Sudani shammah from Sabya in small but significant amounts. Furthermore, carcinogenic components were also detected in significant amounts which indicate a relation between ST amounts used and different types of cancer, especially oral cancer. Chemometric hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed the existence of sufficient differences between samples from different extracts based on the polarity and dendrograms. Keywords: Smokeless tobacco, shammah, GC-MS, phytocomponents, hierarchical cluster analysis, toxic components, carcinogenic components.
Air Sampling: A Mini-denuder Sampling Device for Direct Desorption in an Inlet of a Gas Chromatograph for the Analyses of Airborne Gaseous Phase Pollutants and Airborne Particulate Phase Pollutants
Authors: van Vuuren Estefan , Naudé Yvette
Published: April 2019

We introduce a compact mini-denuder air sampling device consisting of a regular gas chromatograph (GC) inlet liner for the simultaneous concentration of separate airborne gaseous and particulate phases in a single-step. Denuder materials are thermally desorbed in a regular inlet of a GC using routine equipment available in any chromatography laboratory. The simplicity of the technique makes it ideal for resource-poor laboratories. Keywords: Air sampling, gas chromatography, denuder, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), thermal desorption