bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What facilitators and barriers might researchers encounter when using reporting guidelines? Part 1: A thematic synthesis
Authors: Harwood James , Albury Charlotte , de Beyer Jennifer Anne , Bian Zhaoxiang , Duan Yuting , Kirtley Shona , Schlussel Michael , Zhao Lingyun , Collins Gary S
Published: November 2022

Background
Despite endorsement by medical journals, reporting guidelines have only modestly affected reporting quality. We aimed to identify facilitators and barriers that researchers might encounter when using reporting guidelines.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, AMED, WHO Global Index Medicus, SciELO, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Chinese Medical Journal Database, OSF, and MiRoR for research that collected qualitative data to explore researchers’ experiences of using reporting guidelines, published after 1996 in English, Chinese, Spanish, or Portuguese. We appraised studies using CASP-Qual. For thematic synthesis, we applied descriptive codes to all sentences that reported qualitative findings, then aggregated codes inductively into descriptive themes that captured the codes’ meaning. We interpreted and contextualised possible facilitators and barriers from these descriptive themes to create analytic themes.
Results
From 18 eligible studies, we developed 12 analytic themes. 1) Researchers may not understand guidance as intended. 2) Researchers report many reasons for using reporting guidelines, and that some are more important than others. 3) Researchers use reporting guidelines for different tasks and want guidance to be delivered in ways that fit their needs. 4) Using reporting guidelines has costs which researchers may feel outweigh benefits. 5) Reporting guidelines may need to be revised and updated for different reasons. 6) Researchers report feeling uncertain or worried if they are unable to report all items. 7) Awareness and accessibility may limit reporting guideline usage. 8) Reporting guidelines may be most beneficial to less experienced researchers, but these researchers may find them harder to use. 9) Researchers seek design advice but reporting guidelines may not be the right place to find it. 10) A reporting guideline's scope must be well-balanced and well-defined. 11) Researchers may have to use multiple reporting guidelines, multiplying complexity and costs. 12) Researchers may use checklists but never read the full guidance.
Discussion
Few reporting guidelines have been evaluated qualitatively. Many studies used surveys which resulted in thin data and were subject to recall bias. Nevertheless, we identified many potential barriers and facilitators. Our findings will help guideline developers and advocates improve reporting guidance dissemination.
Comparison of magnesium status using 24-hour urine magnesium content and magnesium fraction excretion in PCOS with non-PCOS control women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abbasi Saeed , Mohebbi Masoud , Vahed Seyedeh Houra Mousavi , Moghaddam Maliheh Dadgar , Afiat Maliheh , Nematy Mohsen , Jahanpak Nafiseh
Published: November 2022

Objective. Magnesium (Mg) is the second most frequent intracellular cation, have an important role in normal enzyme function and insulin secretion. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age and often associated with insulin resistance. Two systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted to compare mean serum Mg levels between PCOS and control groups. Both studies detected unexplained heterogeneity among input studies and the two conclusions contradict each other; while approximately 1% of total body Mg is present in Extracellular Fluid (ECF) and serum Mg level does not represent Mg status well. For the first time, we investigated Magnesium renal Fraction Excretion (FEMg) and compared mean values between PCOS and non-PCOS control women.
Design.Cross-sectional analysis.
Setting. Academic medical center. Population. 44 women were included in PCOS group based on Rotherdam criteria and 50 non-PCOS women in control group.
Method. Statistical analysis of the relationship between 24-hour urinary Mg content, FEMg, and also physical and metabolic variables. The STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional study was followed.
Main outcome measurements. 24-hour urinary Mg content, FEMg.
Results.Mean values of 24-hour urinary Mg content and FEMg did not significantly differ between PCOS and control groups (P=0.22 and P=0.24, respectively). Also serum Mg levels were similar between the groups (P=0.17).
Conclusion. Our data did not suggest Mg play a role in PCOS pathogenesis. For further investigation, we recommend using FEMg for evaluating Mg status rather than serum Mg levels.
Clinical characteristics of a group of HIV patients with ocular lesions
Authors: Che Xin , Zhang Yang , Li Qingjian , Suo Jinshan , Wang Luoziyi , Wang Zhiliang
Published: November 2022

Background: The study was to analyze HIV dynamics across BRB and the relevant risk factors for HIV-associated ocular complications.
Methods: This study included a prospective case series of 40 HIV-positive patients with ocular lesions. Clinical and laboratory examinations included plasma and intraocular VL were evaluated.
Results: HIV VL on paired aqueous/plasma samples was available for 40 patients. Aqueous VL was negatively associated with ART duration (p = 0.02 and p < 0.05), plasma VL was independent of ART duration (p = 0.53). An aqueous/plasma discordance was found in 19/40 (47.5%) patients, eight of whom (20%) had detectable aqueous VL despite a suppressed plasma VL (escape). There were significant differences in CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels (p=0.012 and p < 0.05) and ART duration (p=0.007 and p < 0.05) between the patients with HIV-associated ocular complications and the patients without.
Conclusion: This study provides rationale for initiating ART early in the course of infection to reduce HIV VL in the aqueous humor, and raises the possibility of the ocular sanctuary where HIV replicate. Meanwhile, early and standard ART would be optimal option to protect against ocular opportunistic infection.
Trial registration: Participants enrolled in the research signed informed consent and the study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University (protocol number: KY2021-837).
The value of high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA test positivity with NILM cytology in detecting cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer
Authors: Liu Ying , Jin Xiu , Gong Yingying , Ma Yingying , Du Beibei , Yang Linqing , Wang Yunfei , Zhu Weipei
Published: November 2022

Background: The number of patients who use E6/E7 mRNA for HPV testing is increasing yearly in China.However, there is a lack of uniform clinical standards and guidelines for the management of HPV E6/E7 mRNA-positive patients.This study aimed to assess the value of an HPV E6/E7 mRNA assay and HPV 16 18/45 genotype assay combined with age stratification for triaging women negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM) cytology.
Methods: From January 2017 to December 2021, a total of 162309 eligible women underwent cervical cancer screening at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, China. Excluding those with negative HPV E6/E7 mRNA, abnormal and unsatisfactory cytology, and those who failed to undergo colposcopy, 6845 women were ultimately included in our study. We analysed the triage guidance for different subtypes of HPV in the presence of NILM cytology.
Results: Among 162309 women, 19834 (12.2%) were positive for HPV E6/E7 mRNA. Of the 6845 women included in the study, 1941 (28.4%), 561 (8.2%), 55 (0.8%) and 4,288 (62.6%) tested positive for HPV 16, HPV 18/45, HPV16/18/45 or other HR-HPV genotypes, respectively. The proportions of LSIL+ (including LSIL, HSIL and ICC) and HSIL+ (including HSIL and ICC) pathological results in the HPV 16/18/45+ group were 57% and 34.1%, respectively, higher than 36.3% and 11% in the other HR-HPV+group (c2 =653.214, P<0.001). The percentages of LSIL+ and HSIL+ in the HPV16+ group (61.3% and 42.8%, respectively) and HPV16+/18/45+ group (76.3% and 41.9%, respectively) were much higher than those in the HPV18+ group (40.6% and 13.1%, respectively) (P<0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the percentage of histopathological results between the HPV16+ group and HPV16+/18/45+ groups (P>0.05). The above results were consistent after stratification according to age.
Conclusions: The rate of histopathological abnormalities was still high for the other HR-HPV subtypes with NILM cytology, although the rate of histopathological abnormalities was much higher for the HPV 16/18/45 positive subtypes. Therefore, colposcopy should be performed in women with HPV E6/E7 mRNA positivity and NILM cytology, regardless of age and HPV genotype.
A study of aerosol impacts on clouds and precipitation development during an extreme rainfall event over Far-North Cameroon using WRF-Chem
Authors: Djomou David , Meukaleuni Cyrille , Tanessong Romeo S. , Betant Carine A. , Ndao Sémou , Ngongang Rinelle Djiondo , Lenouo Andre
Published: November 2022

An unusual extreme rainfall occurred in far-north Cameroon on August 2020. The monthly accumulated rainfall observed, exceeded 274 mm and the main rainfall time occurred during the third week of this month with a total accumulated rainfall of 80 mm. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) was used to investigate the effects of aerosols on the cloud properties, radiative flux, and precipitations over this region. Three sensitivity tests were designed by varying the anthropogenic emissions. Increased aerosol number concentration has resulted in more numerous cloud droplets of smaller size, through which the optical properties of clouds have been changed. Both shortwave and longwave cloud forcing are decreased in more polluted tests while the net radiative cloud forcing is increased causing an overall warming effect. The cloud and ice water content increased while the rainwater content decreased in the more polluted tests. It is found that; cloud fraction is reduced in more polluted atmospheres. The domain-averaged accumulated rainfall in the clean and polluted tests decreased compared to that in the control test and the maximum accumulated rainfall increased in more polluted experiments. Nevertheless, changes in the rate of precipitation are observed, such that under a polluted atmosphere light rain is increased, while both moderate and heavy rain are weaker, confirming the fact that a decrease in cloud droplet size can reduce precipitations.
The prognostic role of tissue and serum transthyretin expression in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: LI li , Zhong Jian , Zou Jue , Zhang Tiantian , Xu Chunhua
Published: November 2022

Background
Transthyretin (TTR) is a traditional biomarker for nutritional and inflammatory. The present study was conducted to explore the clinical value of TTR in serum and tumor tissue in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
TTR expression levels were determined in paraffin-embedded NSCLC tissue specimens using immunohistochemistry. Serum TTR expression levels were measured from patients with lung cancer and healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
The expression levels of TTR were significantly higher in lung cancer tissues than in paracancerous tissues, and TTR expression was significantly associated with TNM stage (P = 0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.032). Multivariate analysis revealed that increased expression of TTR was an independent risk factor for overall survival (OS) (P = 0.012) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.011) in NSCLC patients. The expression levels of TTR in serum from lung cancer patients were lower than those of healthy controls (P = 0.002). A high expression of TTR in tumor tissue was associated with a higher serum level (r = 0.799, P = 0.001).
Conclusions
TTR expression is upregulated in lung cancer patients, and its expression was correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients.
Effects of stellate ganglion block on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of gastrointestinal malignant tumor
Authors: Yan Shiting , Yu Yanlong , Chen Chao , Xia Wei , Xue Feng , Ma Jianming , Yu Leyang , Wang Ying , Tian Shunping , Zhang Dongsheng , Zhang Zhuan
Published: November 2022

Purpose:To investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) on postoperative cognition dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing radical resection for malignant tumor.Methods:Herein, 40 patients undergoing radical reaction of gastrointestinal malignant tumor were randomly divided into two groups: Group S (preoperative SGB implementation) and Group C (control group). General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia was performed in both groups. HR, MAP and SPO2were recorded before general anesthesia induction (T1), immediately after tracheal intubation (T2), at surgery beginning (T3), 1 h after surgery beginning (T4), 2 h after surgery beginning (T5), at the end of surgery (T6), immediately after extubation (T7) and 30 min after transferring into the PACU (T8), respectively. Changes of electrolytes and blood glucose were recorded at T1, T4, T5and T6. Plasma IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and S100-β concentrations were recorded at 1 day before surgery (T0), 1 day postoperatively (T9) and 3 day postoperatively (T10). Cognitive function was assessed at T0, T9, T10, 5 day postoperatively (T11) and 7 day postoperatively (T12) using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) scale.Results:Compared with Group C, Group S had significantly lower blood glucose levels at T5and T6(P< 0.05), lower IL-6 at T9and S100-β at T9and T10(P< 0.05), lower IL-1 while higher IL-10 at T10(P< 0.05), and higher MMSE scores at T9and T10, with lower incidence of POCD (P< 0.05).Conclusion:SGB improves postoperative cognitive function and decreases the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing radical resection for gastrointestinal malignant tumor.
Bilateral Paramedian Thalamic Infarct without Involvement of Corticospinal Tract
Authors: Hassan Mohamed Sheikh , Sidow Nor Osman
Published: November 2022

Introduction and importance: Bilateral thalamic infarct is a rare form of stroke. Mostly thalamic infarcts are unilateral. Occlusion of the artery of Percheron leads to bilateral thalamic infarction with or without involvement of the midbrain. In most cases, bilateral thalamic infarction leads to cognitive dysfunction, opthalmoparesis, conscious impairment, behavioral disturbance, and corticospinal dysfunction.
Case Presentation: A 75-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department of our hospital with agitation and somnolence for one day. He had poorly controlled hypertension. There was no previous history of stroke, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, known cardiac disease, or smoking history. There was no seizure, recent headache, or visual disturbance. The patient was somnolent and not oriented to time, person, or place. Neurological examination did not show any focal weakness or vertical eye movement restrictions. Other systemic examinations, including those of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, were unremarkable. Extensive laboratory investigations excluded potential metabolic, infectious, endocrine, or toxic etiologies. The patient did not have any recent history of drug misuse, including benzodiazepines. Brain MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging showed an acute bilateral thalamic infarct. Cerebral MRI angiography was unremarkable. ECG and echocardiography did not show any potential cardioembolic source. The patient was treated with low molecular weight heparin 60 mg subcutaneously, aspirin 300 mg daily, and haloperidol 5mg twice daily. After two weeks of intrahospital treatment, his condition improved (consciousness and orientation massively improved). He was discharged for outpatient neurology clinic follow up.
Conclusion: Bilateral thalamic infarcts are rare presentations of posterior circulation stroke; conscious impairment, agitation, and cognitive dysfunction are the major presentations. Here we report an interesting case with hypertension diagnosed bilateral thalamic infarction without corticospinal tract involvement.
Can the current monkeypox affect the heart? A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Sayad Reem , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Hashim Ahmed , Elsaeidy Ahmed Saad
Published: November 2022

Background
Till now all symptoms of monkeypox virus aren’t known, and we still discover new symptoms associated with monkeypox. Accordingly, we aimed to summarize evidence about cardiac complications associated with monkeypox virus.
Methods
On Oct. 27, 2022, a systematic search of the literature was done to locate papers that discuss any cardiac complications associated with monkeypox, then data were analyzed qualtitively.
Results
five articles including seven cases that reported cardiovascular complications of the disease were included in the review, it was reported that five were men of which four are bisexual or gays which reveal the importance of the sexual route in the disease transmission. All of seven cases have different forms of cardiac complications such as acute myocarditis, pericarditis, pericardial effusion and myopericarditis. Most of them have evidence of systemic inflammatory response in the form of fever, myalgia, and headache.
Conclusions
The first study summarizes cardiac complications of monkeypox infection. It indicates the possibility of cardiac complications of monkeypox infection which can be managed by supportive treatment and complete rest for a period that may reach 6 months depending on the status of the patient.
Peripheral Red Blood Cells Morphology in Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Gassoum Alsadig
Published: November 2022

Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in global health disaster and posed a great challenge to the suitable measures to contain the disease. The pathogenesis of the disease is still evolving. In the search for the pathogenesis of the virus, little attention has been made to the peripheral blood picture in Covid-19 patients. This study has focused on the morphology of the red blood cells as stained with Geimsa. The results showed distinct RBCs morphological changes includingrouleauxformation, Significant finding of ring-like stained bodies were seen within the RBCs in 98.3%of the patients. No such ring bodies were detected in any of the control smears. In a number of smears stained particles were seen on the RBCs cell wall. Macrocytosis with central polar stomatocytes and tear shape RBCs were seen. Nuclei of neutrophils with fetus like structure and anisocytosisand mild poikilocytosis were reported The number of reticulocytes and platelets is scanty in the covid-19 patients compared to controls. All patients’ blood smears showed marked lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and slight neutrophilia with nuclei fetus like structure. Direct Coombs test was listed to be positive in 15% of the patients. In conclusion peripheral blood picture seems to be easy and predictable tool to diagnose Covid-19 patients.
Exact solution for certain regular thermoelasticity problems in a rectangular long rod by complex harmonics
Authors: Dhaba A. R. El , Abou-Dina M. S.
Published: November 2022

A simple expansion method is used to solve certain regular, uncoupled plane problems of thermoelastostatics for long rods in a rectangle. These solutions are exact when the involved boundary conditions are in polynomial form. A particular case involving heat source in the bulk and surface distributions of temperature and pressures is considered for an exact solution. The results are plotted and discussed.
How does annotations affect Java code readability?
Authors: Guerra Eduardo , Gomes Everaldo , Ferreira Jeferson , Wiese Igor , Lima Phyllipe , Gerosa Marco , Meirelles Paulo
Published: November 2022

Context: Code annotation is a feature to define custom metadata about programming elements. Many modern frameworks and APIs use annotations to keep integration less verbose and closer to the corresponding code element. However, contrary to the initial intent, practitioners often complain about the negative impacts of annotations on code readability.
Objective: We conducted a survey where participants compared the readability of code snippets with and without annotations to understand this perception further.
Method: We designed the code snippet pairs considering five different usage categories for annotations present on frameworks and APIs used on real-world projects.
Results: The survey received 338 valid answers from diverse participants. Surprisingly, the answers to all the questions had a normal distribution, and none of them revealed a scenario in which the usage of code annotations could be considered better or worse for readability. Additionally, we could not find a correlation between any aspect of the participants' programming or annotation-related experience and their answers. We also found biased perceptions in favor or against annotations. Our qualitative analysis also revealed contrasting opinions about the effects on code readability. Participants praised the impacts on design, maintainability, and productivity. However, understandability and code clarity had contrasting views.
Conclusions: Developers and API designers can use our results when deciding whether to use annotations, considering there is no evidence of a generally positive or negative impact on readability and the existence of biased views, even with a personal bias that might suggest differently.
anan — a debugger for compute clusters
Authors:   , Adler Alexander
Published: November 2022

Das Projekt anan ist ein Werkzeug zur Fehlersuche in verteilten Hochleistungsrechnern. Die Neuheit des Beitrags besteht darin, dass die bekannten Methoden, die bereits erfolgreich zum Debuggen von Soft- und Hardware eingesetzt werden, auf Hochleistungs-Rechnen übertragen worden sind. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Werkzeug namens anan implementiert, das bei der Fehlersuche hilft. Außerdem kann es als dynamischeres Monitoring eingesetzt werden. Beide Einsatzzwecke sind getestet worden. Das Werkzeug besteht aus zwei Teilen: 1. aus einem Teil namens anan, der interaktiv vom Nutzer bedient wird 2. und aus einem Teil namens anand, der automatisiert die verlangten Messwerte erhebt und nötigenfalls Befehle ausführt. Der Teil anan führt Sensoren aus — kleine mustergesteuerte Algorithmen —, deren Ergebnisse per anan zusammengeführt werden. In erster Näherung lässt anan sich als Monitoring beschreiben, welches (1) schnell umkonfiguriert werden (2) komplexere Werte messen kann, die über Korrelationen einfacher Zeitreihen hinausgehen.
Capillary-Leak-Syndrom bei pädiatrischen Empfängern einer allogenen Stammzelltransplantation: Inzidenz, klinisches Erscheinungsbild, Therapie und Outcome : eine retrospektive, monozentrische Beobachtungsstudie
Authors:   , Daniel Julia Maria
Published: November 2022

Das Capillary-Leak-Syndrom (CLS) präsentiert sich als plötzlicher Verlust von intravasaler Flüssigkeit ins Interstitium und kann als Komplikation nach einer Stammzelltransplantation (SZT) auftreten. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die CLS-Inzidenz, Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten und den Einfluss auf das Überleben nach SZT in einer pädiatrischen Kohorte allogener SZT-Empfänger zu bestimmen. Wir untersuchten die klinischen Berichte aller Patienten unter 18 Jahren, die in der Abteilung für Stammzelltransplantation der Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin des Universitätsklinikums Frankfurt am Main zwischen Januar 2002 und Mai 2012 allogen stammzelltransplantiert wurden. 234 Patienten erhielten 275 SZT im oben genannten Zeitraum. In 15 Fällen (5,5 %) entwickelten Patienten ein CLS. Bedingung für die Vergabe der CLS-Diagnose war das Vorhandensein dieser drei Kriterien: Gewichtszunahme von über 3 % des Körpergewichts in 24 Stunden, positive Ein-/Ausfuhrbilanz trotz Diuretikagabe und Ödeme. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, ein CLS zu entwickeln war signifikant höher bei Patienten, die auch unter einer Sepsis litten (p < 0,001). Patienten mit CLS hatten zudem ein höheres Risiko innerhalb der ersten 30 Tage nach SZT an einer GvHD zu erkranken (p = 0,005). 10 der 15 CLS-Patienten mussten intensivmedizinisch behandelt werden. CLS hängt signifikant mit dem Gesamtüberleben an Tag + 100 und Tag + 365 nach SZT zusammen (p < 0,001), indem es einen starken prädiktiven Faktor für die TRM an Tag + 100 und Tag + 365 nach SZT darstellt (p < 0,001). CLS ist eine schwere Komplikation bei pädiatrischen SZT-Empfängern. Der biologische Zusammenhang zwischen Sepsis, GvHD und CLS-Entwicklung im Hinblick auf Zytokinfreisetzung und Endothelschaden sollte in weiteren Studien untersucht werden, um neue zielgerichtete Therapien zu unterstützen.
Effect of Leaf Age on Essential Oil Yield and Composition in Rose-scented Geranium
Authors: Eiasu Bahlebi K. , Dyafta Viwe , Araya Hintsa T.
Published: November 2022

Knowledge of essential oil content and composition of leaves of different ages could be used as a guide for the right herbage harvesting stage in rose-scented geranium. Change in essential oil yield and composition with leaf age in rose-scented geranium was investigated in a glasshouse of the University of Fort Hare, during the 2012 and 2014 crop seasons. The topmost five pair of leaves on shoots were separately harvested as treatments. Leaf fresh and dry mass were significantly lower in the topmost and the oldest leaf pair. Essential oil in the topmost pair was colorless; but with advance in leaf age, the oil tended to have a blue-green color. Oil content (on a dry mass basis) from the topmost to the bottom most were about 7.0%, 4.9%, 3.2%, 2.4%, and 1.9%, respectively. Oil yield was consistently the highest in the second youngest pair of leaves, and it progressively declined with leaf age. Contributions of the five leaf pairs from the topmost to the bottom most, in respective order, to the total yield were 19.3%, 22.0%, 17.71%, 12.03%, and 8.5%. The citronellol:geraniol ratio was lower in the young leaves than in the old leaves. Linalool and geranyl formate concentrations were the highest in the youngest leaves, and the opposite was true of isomenthone. The current results indicate shorter regrowth cycles would increase essential oil yield and quality of rose-scented geranium, provided an efficient harvesting technique was innovated.
Variety of Adverse Reactions in Rats after Administration of Combination of Anti-tuberculosis and Antimicrobial Drugs with Different Safety Profiles
Authors: Mozhokina G. N. , Zyuzya Yu. R. , Petrova L. Yu. , Samoylova A. G.
Published: November 2022

The objective: to evaluate the variety of adverse reactions to combinations of clofazimine with anti-tuberculosis and antimicrobial drugs with different and similar toxic profiles.

Subjects and Methods: Studies were carried on non-pedigree female rats at the age of 10-11 months. In Group 1, rats received Cfz + Bdq + Mxf + Clr, in Group 2 – Cfz + Bdq + Lzd + Z daily for 14 days. A comprehensive examination upon completion of drug administration included functional (ECG, behavioral reactions), laboratory and pathomorphological assessments.

Results. The combination of Cfz + Bdq + Mxf + Clr had a pronounced cardiotoxicity: it caused QT prolongation up to 0.053 ± 0.002 s and individual fluctuations within ranges up to 20 ms; some rats demonstrated qualitative ECG changes. Hepatotoxic reactions were revealed according to laboratory and morphological parameters, and morphological signs of mild kidney dystrophy were found in most rats. Neurotoxic reactions were manifested as a decrease in motor and exploratory activities. The combination of Cfz + Bdq + Lzd + Z did not cause significant ECG changes; mild signs of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were observed in single rats, behavioral disorders manifested only as emotional depression of the animals. Significant differences in the variety and degree of adverse reactions are due to the combination of clofazimine with drugs possessing similar cardiotoxic potential – bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, and clarithromycin.
SPECIAL STAINS AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN HISTOPATHOLOGY
Authors: Pandit Rumaisa , Singh Sanjeet , Singh Paramjit , Singh Nishant , Sharma Kanika , Jawa Singh Deepti
Published: November 2022

Special stains are used to visualize various tissue elements and entities.They provide valuable information in the evaluation of various disease conditions.The principle on which they work is the interaction of intracellular and extracellular chemical reactions between the tissue components and the dyes.They allow the target substance to be identified on the basis of their chemical and biological character and thus help in diagnostic research.
NIVEAU DE CONTAMINATION DE LA CHAIR DE POULET BICYCLETTE (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) PAR LES HYDROCARBURES AROMATIQUES POLYCYCLIQUES (HAP)
Authors:   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Donafologo Baba SORO , Kossonou Roland NGUETTIA ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Moussa DIARRA ,   UFR Environnement, Universite Jean Lorougnon GUEDE, BP 150 Daloa, Cote dIvoire., Ladji MEITE ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Kouassi Narcisse ABOUA ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Kouakou Edouard KOUASSI ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Mamadou KONE ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire., Karim Sory TRAORE ,   Laboratoire des Sciences de lEnvironnement, UFR des Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement, Universite NANGUI ABROGOUA, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Cote dIvoire.
Published: November 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the organic pollutants sought both in the various environmental compartments (water, soil, air, etc.) and in food intended for human consumption. They are a group of persistent organic pollutants that are potentially mutagenic and carcinogenic. Thus, the present study aims to determine the PAH levels in the flesh of local poultry also called bicycle chickens (gallus gallusdomesticus). Ten (10) composite samples of chickens were collected in Karakoro, a locality located in the department of Korhogo in the north of Cote dIvoire. After the extraction and purification steps, the samples were analyzed on a Shimadzu brand HighPerformance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) equipped with a fluorimetric detector. The measured PAHs, eight (8) molecules in number, are classified among the priority substances to be researched in the context of food safety (fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, indeno(1 ,2,3-cd) pyrene, benzo (g,h,i) perylene, benzo (a) anthracene, benzo (b) fluoranthene). The results obtained showed the presence of these molecules in the samples analyzed at concentrations higher than the European Union (EU) standard for some. On the other hand, all the PAHs determined have concentrations lower than the Codex Alimentarius standard.
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE, MANAGEMENT AND LEVELS OF AWARENESS IN YOUNG HYPERTENSIVES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN CHENGALPET
Authors: Vidhya T.M. , Kulothungan R.
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is a condition in which the force of blood against the arterial walls is excessive.Our study aims to describe the clinical profile and management of young hypertensives and to assess the levels of awareness of health care facilities. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study is conducted on young adult hypertensives 20-40 years of age attending the Out Patient Department of General Medicine,KarpagaVinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Chinnakolambakkam. Study duration is about 6 months. Young adults (males as well as females) in the age group of 20 to 40 years,who are diagnosed as hypertensives based on with/without comorbidities, visiting the General medicine out patient department who were willing to be a part of the study were included after obtaining an informed consent. Based on this reference and assuming a 95% confidence interval, 5% the minimum required sample size were 112 ~ 120.Data were collected and entered in Microsoft excel 2007. According to the data collected, appropriate statistical tests like Chi-square test was used. Results: In our study mean age of the study participants were 38.56Â±12.34 years. There were about 63.3% males and 36.7% females. About 62.8% were from rural areas and 37.2% from urban areas.Females comparatively had more awareness, treatment and control of hypertension than males. Urban areas and rural areas had around same percentage of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension.Knowledge about risk factors awareness present among 25.9% of the study participants. Around 58.7% checked blood pressure at least once in the past year among the study participants. Conclusion: Headaches were the most common symptom that young people with hypertension presented with when they were diagnosed. Enhanced awareness would assist in the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviors and highlight the significance of maintaining adherence to medication.
FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ENERGY RECOVERY OF PEELS RESULTING FROM CASSAVA PROCESSING INTO GARI: CASE OF THE MAWUDAGBA COOPERATIVE IN BENIN
Authors:   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics, B.P. 2282 Goho, Abomey, Benin., Godjo Thierry , Idani Allassane ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics, B.P. 2282 Goho, Abomey, Benin., Akpassonou Romain ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics, B.P. 2282 Goho, Abomey, Benin., Ahonoukoun Nadege ,   Laboratory of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics, B.P. 2282 Goho, Abomey, Benin.
Published: November 2022

In Benin, cassava processing activities within Mawudagba cooperative enterprise generate significant wastes that are bulky and difficult to manage. In addition, Mawudagba Cooperative is dependent on thermal energy for cooking gari and gasoline supply to grating equipment. In order to reduce waste and the energy bill, a technical-economic and environmental study was carried out. The methodology used is based on energy needs analysis, energy recovery possibilities analysis and economico-environmental analysis. The results showed that the annual energy consumptions are 21.71 MWh and 3.10 MWh respectively for cooking gari and for fueling the grating equipment. The Gross Biomass Potential amounts to 187.792 T per year while that of the Net Biomass is 128.422 T per year. Analysis of energy recovery possibilities from cassava waste has retained pyrogasification as appropriate process for the energy recovery of cassava peels within the Mawudagba Cooperative.The economic analysis revealed that the investment cost for a period of 15 years is 3,690,000 FCFA and that of operation is 160,000 FCFA/year. In addition, the study made it possible to reduce the annual bill for firewood from 780,000 FCFA to 0 FCFA and that of gasoline from 520,000 FCFA to 0 FCFA. From an environmental point of view, a reduction of 26.61 tonnes CO2/year is obtained from the emissions produced by non-recovered waste.
MASK ACNE DURING COVID19: CASE SERIES
Authors:   Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca Morocco., Bennouna N. , Elfetouaki FZ. ,   Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca Morocco., Hali F. ,   Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca Morocco., Chiheb S. ,   Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca Morocco.
Published: November 2022

The utilization of a face mask is a necessity during the SARS CoV2 pandemic. The occlusion associated with prolonged daily use can lead to physiological changes in the skin, resulting in irritation, itching and infection. This may lead to exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses or induction of irritant dermatitis or bacterial folliculitis.We are reporting in this study a case series, aiming to explore the prevalence and possible risk factors for preventing face mask-related acne.
REHABILITATING MAXILLARY DEFECT WITH CU-SIL HOLLOW BULB OBTURATOR: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown &Bridge, Government Dental College, Trivandrum., Ravichandran R. , Shalimon Ayana ,   Post Graduate Student,Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Government Dental College, Trivandrum., Kumar K. Harsha ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Government Dental College, Trivandrum., Sukumaran Kala ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Government Dental College, Trivandrum.
Published: November 2022

The role of a prosthodontist is not only to rehabilitate the intra-oral and extra-oral structures but also to bestow with mastication, speech, deglutition, and esthetics. Preservation of what exists is more important than meticulous replacement of what is missing . Cu-Sil denture is a removable prosthesis which has holes lined by silicone material that accommodates one or few remaining teeth in dental arch. Retaining natural teeth preserves the bone, enhances retention and patient comfort is enhanced. Anatomical defects in oral cavity are rehabilitated using obturators. Hollow obturators benefit the patient by reducing the weight of the prosthesis thereby improving its retention. This case report describes a Cu-Sil hollow bulb obturator for rehabilitation of a maxillary defect.
Toxicity of silver nanoparticles onAchromobacter denitrificans: effect of concentration, temperature and coexisting anions
Authors: Li Yinghua , Ren Xiaoyu , Yin Wenyue
Published: November 2022

The indoor culture method was carried out to study the toxic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Achromobacter denitrificans. Specifically, the effects of AgNPs concentration, temperature and coexisting anions were analyzed. The results showed that AgNPs exerted significant inhibition on the bacteria, which was closely correlated with its concentration and temperature. Both the ammonia oxidation and generation capacity of Achromobacter denitrificans decreased significantly with an increase in AgNPs concentration. Compared with the inhibition performance at 30 °C, NH4+-N generation rates decreased by 45.31% at 20 °C and 17.58% at 40 °C, respectively, revealing that too low or too high temperature induced to reduce the nitrogen conversion ability of Achromobacter denitrificans. While compared with temperature, the effect of coexisting ions (Cl− and SO42−) was not significant (P > 0.05). Electron microscopy observations found that AgNPs non-specifically bound to the cells (content ranging from 0.04% to 0.10%) and acted on the cell surface structure, causing wrinkles, depressions, and ruptures on the surface of cell membranes, and leakage of substances in the membranes. AgNPs increased the rate of cell apoptosis and decreased the cell body volume mainly with short-term acute effects.
The Effects of Virtual Reality Training on Balance, Gross Motor Function, and Daily Living Ability in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Cong , Wang Xing , Chen Rao , Zhang Jie
Published: November 2022

Background

The increasing number of children with cerebral palsy (CP) has a serious impact on individuals, families, and society. As a new technology, virtual reality (VR) has been used in the rehabilitation of children with CP.

Objective

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of VR training on balance, gross motor function, and daily living ability in children with CP.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched by computer, with the search period being from the establishment of each database to December 25, 2021, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of VR training on balance, gross motor function, and daily living ability in children with CP. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to conduct quality assessment on the included literature, and RevMan software (version 5.3) was used to analyze data.

Results

A total of 16 articles were included, involving 513 children with CP. VR training can improve the balance function (Pediatric Balance Scale: mean difference 2.06, 95% CI 1.15-2.97; P<.001; Berg Balance Scale: mean difference 3.66, 95% CI 0.29-7.02; P=.03) and gross motor function (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.60, 95% CI 0.34-0.87; P<.001) of children with CP. However, there is still certain disagreement on the impact on daily living ability (SMD 0.37, 95% CI –0.04 to 0.78; P=.08); after removing the source literature with heterogeneity, VR training can improve the daily living ability of children with CP (SMD 0.55, 95% CI 0.30-0.81; P<.001).

Conclusions

VR training can significantly improve the balance function and gross motor function of children with CP, but the effect on the daily living ability of children with CP remains controversial.
Outcomes of a Live Messaging, Blended Care Coaching Program Among Adults With Symptoms of Anxiety: Pragmatic Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Owusu Jocelynn T , Wang Pam , Wickham Robert E , Smith Sarah F , Lee Jennifer L , Chen Connie , Lungu Anita
Published: November 2022

Background

Anxiety disorders are common and can be debilitating. In addition, various barriers exist that can hinder access to adequate care. Coaching that is grounded in evidence-based interventions and delivered via synchronous (ie, live) text-based messaging could potentially increase the reach of mental health services among populations who select this modality instead of other services (eg, face-to-face coaching and psychotherapy). In addition, the delivery of live messaging coaching within a blended care model has the potential to combine the benefits of coaching with those of evidence-based digital mental health tools.

Objective

This real-world study evaluates the anxiety and satisfaction outcomes of live messaging coaching blended with digital tools (ie, digital exercises and activities).

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of 121 adults with moderate levels of anxiety symptoms at the beginning of coaching (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7] scores: range 8-14). Participants received an employer-offered blended messaging coaching (BMC) program, and those who opted to receive all live coaching sessions via text-based messaging were included. Anxiety symptom severity was regularly measured by using the GAD-7 scale. Using growth curve models, the change in GAD-7 scores over the course of BMC was evaluated, as were the effects of text-based coaching sessions on GAD-7 scores. The proportion of participants that had a reliable improvement in anxiety symptom severity (GAD-7 score reduction of ≥4) or subclinical symptom severity (GAD-7 score of <8) at the end of care was also estimated. Participants also self-reported their likelihood of recommending their live messaging coach to someone with similar needs.

Results

At baseline, the average GAD-7 score was 9.88 (SD 1.80). Anxiety symptom severity significantly decreased with each week in the BMC program (week: b=−1.04; P<.001), and the rate of decline in anxiety symptom severity decreased over time (week2: b=0.06; P<.001). Each live messaging coaching session was associated with significantly lower anxiety symptom severity during the week of the coaching session (b=−1.56; P<.001) and the week immediately following the session (b=−1.03; P<.001). Overall, 86% (104/121) of participants had subclinical symptom severity or a reliable reduction in anxiety symptom severity by the end of care. Further, 33.1% (40/121) of participants reported coaching satisfaction levels; of the 40 participants in this subset, 37 (92.5%) were likely or extremely likely to recommend their live messaging coach.

Conclusions

BMC that provides coaching sessions via live messaging can be beneficial for adults with moderate symptoms of anxiety who qualify for and self-select this care modality. Large-scale studies with longer follow-ups are needed.
Sampling sexual and gender minority youth in Canada and the US: Lessons from the UnACoRN internet-based survey (Preprint)
Authors: Delgado-Ron Jorge Andrés , Jeyabalan Thiyaana , Watt Sarah , Black Stéphanie , Gumprich Martha , Salway Travis
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

Periodic surveys of sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations have been an essential tool for monitoring and investigating health inequities. Recent legislative efforts to ban so-called ‘conversion therapy’ have introduced the need to adapt youth surveys to reach a wider range of SGM, including those <18 years of age and those who may not adopt an explicit Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (2S/LGBTQ) identity.

OBJECTIVE

To share our experiences in recruiting SGM youth through multiple in-person and online channels and to share lessons learned for future researchers.

METHODS

The UnACoRN (Understanding Affirming Communities, Relationships, and Networks) Survey collected anonymous data in English and French from 9,679 people (mostly SGM). Respondents were recruited Mar-Aug 2022 using word-of-mouth referrals, leaflet distribution, and buses advertisements with paid and unpaid campaigns on social media and a pornography website. We analyzed the metadata provided by these and other online resources we used for recruitment (e.g., Bitly, Qualtrics) and provided an overview of the campaign effectiveness by recruitment venue by calculating the cost per completed survey and other secondary metrics.

RESULTS

Most participants were recruited through Meta (83.2%), mainly through Instagram. 88.96% of our sample reached the survey through paid advertisements. Overall, the cost per survey was lower for Meta than Pornhub or the bus ads. Similarly, the proportion of visitors who started the survey was higher for Meta (46.70%) than Pornhub (1.02%).

CONCLUSIONS

Researchers using online recruitment strategies should be aware of the differences in campaign management each website or social media platform offers and be prepared to engage with their framing (content selection and delivery) to correct any imbalances derived from it. Those who focus on SGM should consider how 2S/LGBTQ-oriented campaigns might deter participation from cis-het people or SGM not identifying as 2S/LGBTQ, if relevant to their research design. Finally, those with limited resources may select fewer venues with a lower cost per completed survey or those that appeal more to their specific audience, if needed.