bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spiritual self-care in adolescents: a qualitative study
Authors: Hekmati Pour Nafiseh , Mahmoodi-Shan Gholam Reza , Ebadi Abbas , Behnampour Nasser
Published: February 2020

Objectives

One of the existential questions during adolescence is about the ambiguity in spiritual realms. Adolescents at this age not only have the spiritual, psychological, and unique needs, but also have spiritual needs that help them to relax and solve problems. Therefore, this qualitative study aimed to understand the concept of spiritual self-care in Iranian adolescents in 2019.

Methods

This qualitative study with content analysis approach was conducted on 14 adolescents with the age range of 14–20 years, who had been selected by purposeful sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews which were carried out between 4 March 2019 and 20 August 2019.

Results

The interviews were transcribed immediately after the recording, and then were analyzed using direct content analysis. A total of 252 primary codes related to the adolescents’ spiritual self-care were extracted from the analysis, which determined 4 main aspects of spiritual self-care (spiritual belief, spiritual experience, social-religious activities, and spiritual growth).

Conclusions

The findings of this study showed that, spiritual self-care is a form of self-care by which a person uses his or her spiritual beliefs, teachings, and experiences as a source of control over stress and crises, and will be able to cope with problems.
Evaluation of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion in small for gestational age neonates and neurodevelopmental outcome at 24–36 months of age
Authors: Milona Eleni , Rallis Dimitrios , Mitsiakos Georgios , Goutsiou Evanthia , Hatziioannidis Elias , Tsakalidis Christos , Lithoxopoulou Maria , Nikolaidis Nikolaos , Karagianni Paraskevi
Published: February 2020

Objective

To examine cerebral oxygenation and perfusion in small for gestational age (SGA) compared with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates during the first postnatal week, and to investigate any association with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24–36 months of age.

Methods

A prospective matched case-control study was conducted evaluating cerebral oxygenation and perfusion, using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), between SGA and AGA neonates, during the first postnatal week. A neurodevelopmental assessment with Bayley-III was performed at 24–36 months of age.

Results

Forty-eight SGA and 48 AGA neonates of similar gestation (32.8 ± 2.1 vs. 32.5 ± 1.9) were enrolled. On the first postnatal day, the cerebral oxygenation was equal between SGA and AGA neonates (71 ± 7% vs. 72 ± 8%); however, in the subgroup analysis, males had higher oxygenation compared to female SGA neonates (73 ± 7% vs. 69 ± 7%, P = 0.04). Cerebral perfusion was significantly higher in SGA neonates on the first postnatal day (1.4 ± 0.6 vs. 1.1 ± 0.5, P = 0.04), but this difference was diminished on subsequent measurements. There were no significant differences between the SGA and AGA infants regarding the composite cognitive, communication and motor index scores. The length of mechanical ventilation and late-onset sepsis were significant risk factors affecting the cognitive and communication composite index scores, respectively.

Conclusion

Cerebral oxygenation was equal between SGA and AGA neonates, while cerebral perfusion was transiently increased in SGA neonates during the first postnatal day. There was no significant association of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion with neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Maternal obesity influences the endocrine cord blood profile of their offspring
Authors: Mocarzel Carolina Carvalho , Velarde Guillermo Coca , Antunes Roberto de Azevedo , Moreira de Sá Renato Augusto , Kurjak Asim
Published: February 2020

Objective

To compare the endocrine cord blood characteristics of offspring from obese mothers with those of offspring from healthy controls.

Methods

Cross-sectional case control study. Setting: University medical centers. Patient(s): Offspring from obese mothers (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 31). Intervention(s): Cord blood withdrawal from neonates. Main outcome measure(s): Cord blood total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), blood glucose (GL) and insulin (Ins).

Result(s)

Fetal GL and TGs were reduced in the offspring of obese women when compared to those in the offspring of the controls. The mean cord blood GL level was 47.8 mg/dL standard deviation (SD 33.1) in the offspring of the obese group vs. 57.9 mg/dL (SD 12.5) in the offspring of the control group, and the mean cord blood TG level was 26.5 (SD 33.6) in the offspring of the obese group vs. 34.6 (SD 12.3) in the offspring of the control group. Maternal obesity was also associated with reduced levels of TC and HDL-C in the pregnant women.

Conclusion

The observed results suggest that GL and TGs in the cord blood of the offspring of obese mothers were significantly lower than those in the offspring of the control group.
The Koepcke’s spear-nosed bat, Gardnerycteris koepckeae (Gardner and Patton, 1972) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), is not endemic to Peru: first record from the Amazon foothills of Colombia
Authors: Morales-Martínez Darwin M. , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Colmenares-Pinzón Javier E. , Gómez Luis G.
Published: February 2020

We report the first record of the rare Koepcke’s spear-nosed bat Gardnerycteris koepckeae collected outside of Peru, based on morphological and cytochrome b data. The species was found at the National Natural Park Alto Fragua Indi-Wasi, Department of Caquetá, Colombia. This record extended the species distribution 1400 km north from the northernmost known locality in Huanhuachayo, Ayacucho, Peru. This finding suggests that G. koepckeae is distributed over middle elevations along the eastern slope of the Andean-Amazonia foothills in Peru and Colombia, similar to other Phyllostomid bats, such as Vampyressa melissa and Lonchophylla handleyi. We reviewed the threatened category of G. koepckeae, currently categorized as Data Deficient (DD), according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but considered as Endangered (EN) in recent papers. Based on this new record, we suggest that the species should be included in future assessments as Near Threatened (NT) or Vulnerable (VU) based on its wider distribution along the Andean-Amazonian foothills of Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, and probably the Orinoco slope of the Andes of Colombia and Venezuela.
Confined multiphase swirled flows in chemical engineering
Authors: Kuzmin Andrey O.
Published: February 2020

Exploration of confined swirled flows in the former USSR and present-day Russia has a long history and is presented by numerous publications, mostly written in Russian. The obtained results have been put to practical use in different areas of chemical, energy, and processing industries. In view of the process intensification concept, such characteristics of confined swirled flows may be considered unique: high centrifugal gravity, elongation of trajectories, the presence of internal separation zones, energy separation phenomena, and efficient mass/heat transfer in the absence of any moving parts. For instance, high gravity provides an excellent opportunity for multiphase flow stabilization, preventing the appearance of nonuniformities and stability loss, while enhancement of various driving forces acting on the reaction medium takes place. This review is devoted to outlining the main research trends and to discuss the most essential practical implementations in the subject matter done up until now. It is not foreseen to embrace the whole area of swirled flow investigations in the world, but only covers most of the significant ideas and applications contributed in by former Soviet and Russian scientists and engineers. Shortcomings and difficulties of using swirled flows are also briefly discussed.
Progressive Resistance Training Volume: Effects on Muscle Thickness, Mass, and Strength Adaptations in Resistance-Trained Individuals
Authors: Aube Daniel , Wadhi Tanuj , Rauch Jacob , Anand Ashmeet , Barakat Christopher , Pearson Jeremy , Bradshaw Joshua , Zazzo Spencer , Ugrinowitsch Carlos , De Souza Eduardo O.
Published: February 2020

Aube, D, Wadhi, T, Rauch, J, Anand, A, Barakat, C, Pearson, J, Bradshaw, J, Zazzo, S, Ugrinowitsch, C, and De Souza, EO. Progressive resistance training volume: effects on muscle thickness, mass, and strength adaptations in resistance-trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 600–607, 2022—This study investigated the effects of 12-SET, 18-SET, and 24-SET lower-body weekly sets on muscle strength and mass accretion. Thirty-five resistance-trained individuals (one repetition maximum [1RM] squat: body mass ratio [1RM: BM] = 2.09) were randomly divided into 12-SET: n = 13, 18-SET: n = 12, and 24-SET: n = 10. Subjects underwent an 8-week resistance-training (RT) program consisting of 2 weekly sessions. Muscle strength (1RM), repetitions to failure (RTF) at 70% of 1RM, anterior thigh muscle thickness (MT), at the medial MT (MMT) and distal MT (DMT) points, as well as the sum of both sites (ΣMT), along with region of interest for fat-free mass (ROI-FFM) were measured at baseline and post-testing. For the 1RM, there was a main time effect (p ≤ 0.0001). However, there was a strong trend toward significance (p = 0.052) for group-by-time interaction, suggesting that 18-SET increased 1RM back squat to a greater extent compared with 24-SET (24-SET: 9.5 kg, 5.4%; 18-SET: 25.5 kg, 16.2%; 12-SET: 18.3 kg, 11.3%). For RTF, only a main time-effect (p ≤ 0.0003) was observed (24-SET: 5.7 reps, 33.1%; 18-SET: 2.4 reps, 14.5%; 12-SET: 5.0 reps, 34.8%). For the MMT, DMT, ΣMT, and ROI-FFM, there was only main time-effect (p ≤ 0.0001) (MMT: 24-SET: 0.15 cm, 2.7%; 18-SET: 0.32 cm, 5.7%; 12-SET: 0.38 cm, 6.4%—DMT: 24-SET: 0.39 cm, 13.1%; 18-SET: 0.28 cm, 8.9%; 12-SET: 0.34 cm, 9.7%—ΣMT: 24-SET: 0.54 cm, 6.1%; 18-SET: 0.60 cm, 6.7%; 12-SET: 0.72 cm, 7.7%, and ROI-FFM: 24-SET: 0.70 kg, 2.6%; 18-SET: 1.09 kg, 4.2%; 12-SET: 1.20 kg, 4.6%, respectively). Although all of the groups increased maximum strength, our results suggest that the middle dose range may optimize the gains in back squat 1RM. Our findings also support that differences in weekly set number did not impact in MT and ROI-FFM adaptations in subjects who can squat more than twice their body mass.
Le baobab, un arbre emblématique dans le futur urbain du pôle de Diamniadio au Sénégal : marqueur spatial, représentation sociale et intégration paysagère
Authors: Diaouma Badiane Sidia , Mbaye Edmée
Published: February 2020

L’intégration de l’arbre dans la ville est devenue un enjeu de taille en matière de planificationurbaine. Les projets de villes nouvelles tentent de prendre en compte cette dimension. La création du pôleurbain de Diamniadio au Sénégal s’inscrit ainsi dans cette logique d’intégration paysagère. Cet article s’intéresse à l’image du baobab dans la construction de ce pôle urbain. Notre hypothèse est que cet arbre bénéficie d’une attention particulière en raison de son statut d’espèce protégée (il constitue d’ailleurs un des deux sceaux symboliques du Sénégal), mais également du fait qu’il fournit à la population des biens et services écosystémiques remarquables. Cette étude s’appuie sur des données d’inventaire des baobabs dans le pôle urbain de Diamniadio et sur des données d’enquête (quantitatives et qualitatives). Le recensement de baobabs in situ a permis d’identifier 333 individus répartis de façon aléatoire dans l’espace. Malgré la croissance urbaine, le baobab garde toujours son aspect d’arbre symbolique, gravé dans la mémoire collective.
L' entrepreneuriat technologique : ses parties prenantes et leurs implications
Authors: Castonguay Yan , Saint-Yves Samuel , Hamouti Rhizlane , Cayrol Alex
Published: February 2020

Étant moins bien connu et documenté que l’entrepreneuriat conventionnel, l’entrepreneuriat technologique se distingue par son processus d’innovation gravitant principalement autour de la création d’une technologie. Ce projet de recherche vise à mieux comprendre le rôle des parties prenantes au sein de l’écosystème entrepreneurial lors de projets d’innovation technologique. Basées sur une approche exploratoire, 11 entrevues semi-structurées ont été réalisées en 2017 auprès d’entrepreneurs qui créent des technologies diverses dans la province de Québec au Canada. L’analyse de ces entrevues a permis d’identifier les implications des parties prenantes dans les trois phases du processus d’innovation technologique : la conception, la mise en oeuvre et le marketing. Par conséquent, cette recherche fournit non seulement des recommandations pour les entrepreneurs technologiques, mais aussi des pistes de recherche.
Geochemistry, Sm–Nd, Rb–Sr, and Lu–Hf Isotopes, Sources, and Conditions of Formation of Early Paleozoic Plagiogranitoids in the South of the Lake Zone in Western Mongolia
Authors: Rudnev S.N. , Mal’kovets V.G. , Belousova E.A. , Tret’yakova I.G. , Serov P.A. , Kiseleva V.Yu. , Gibsher A.A. , Nikolaeva I.V.
Published: February 2020

—We present results of geochemical and isotope (Rb–Sr, Sm–Nd, and Lu–Hf) studies of the early Paleozoic plagiogranitoid associations in the south of the Lake Zone in Western Mongolia, which formed at the island-arc and accretion–collision stages of the regional evolution. According to the petrogeochemical composition, the early Paleozoic plagiogranitoid associations of the island-arc (Tugrug, Hatan-Hunga, Udzur-Hunga, and Bayasgalant plutons, 531–517 Ma) and accretion–collision (Tugrug, Mandalt, and Dut Uul plutons, 504–481 Ma) stages are high- and low-alumina rocks. The recognized types of plagiogranitoids, with regard to their trace-element composition, indicate that their parental melts were generated from MORB-type metabasites at ≥10–12 kbar, in equilibrium with garnet-containing restite, and at ≤8 kbar, in equilibrium with plagioclase-containing restite. The Sr–Nd isotope data on the rocks and the Lu–Hf isotope parameters of their magmatic zircons show two groups of plagiogranitoids, with different sources of melts. The first group includes plagiogranitoid associations of most plutons (Tugrug, Udzur-Hunga, Hatan-Hunga, Bayasgalant, and Dut Uul) with isotope parameters (εNd = 8.5–4.6, (87Sr/86Sr)0 = 0.7034–0.7036, and εHf = 14.7–11.9) indicating the juvenile nature of their sources. The second group includes plagiogranitoids of the Mandalt pluton; their isotope parameters (εNd = 1.4–0.2, (87Sr/86Sr)0 = 0.7053, and εHf = 7.2–5.4) indicate that the parental melts were generated mostly from enriched-mantle metabasites. The Hf isotope data on inherited and xenogenic zircons (664–519 Ma) from the early Paleozoic plagiogranitoid associations of the southern Lake Zone permit us to separate these rocks into three groups according to their εHf values (14.5–12.8, 2.9, and 10.6–6.7). The Hf isotope parameters of magmatic and inherited zircons, with regard to their age, indicate that the source of the parental melts lacked rocks with a long crustal history, such as the early Precambrian associations of the Dzavhan microcontinent.
Índice de incertidumbre de política económica (EPU) para Colombia, 2000-2017
Authors: Gil León José Mauricio , Silva Pinzón Daniel Eduardo
Published: February 2020

En este artículo se pretende estimar un índice de incertidumbre de política económica —EPU— usando la metodología de Baker, Bloom & Davis (2016), donde se identifican palabras asociadas a incertidumbre. Por lo tanto, tomando información del diario El Tiempo se construye el índice con frecuencia mensual, encontrando que en momentos de tensiones políticas y económicas su valor se eleva. Además, es claro que tiene asociación con otros índices de expectativas, como el índice de confianza del consumidor, y con los mismos índices a nivel internacional. Finalmente, a través de un análisis VAR se encontró una respuesta negativa de la inversión y el consumo a incrementos en la incertidumbre.
ASSESMENT OF THE CLOTHING COMFORT
Authors: Soroka Mariya , Zinko Roman , Zakharkevich Oksana , Kuleshova Svetlana , Hasanova Oksana
Published: February 2020

The main objective of the study is to develop a method to assess the clothing comfort with taking into account physical parameters such as temperature and humidity.
In order to gather information about the physical parameters of human body in the certain garment a universal device was developed. The device consists of following elements: a controller, a data logger, a power source, and seven sensors.
The parameters under consideration were as follows: temperature and humidity of the space between the fabric of garment and the human body. The garment under study is a summer dress. The sensors were placed at the positions that are selected due to the location of the human body perspiration areas. Temperature and humidity were recorded to the data logger. The experimental assessment was conducted in three different states: static (sitting position), moderate physical activity (strolling) and high physical activity (running). The parameters were measured near the human skin and compared to the similar environmental parameters.
As a result of the research authors aim to develop the indices to select the garment, which would be advisable to wear in some environmental conditions by certain person, who is described by his psychological preferences and certain body type.
Nárcizmus és jóllét – a nárcisztikus működésmód költségei
Authors: Engyel Márton
Published: February 2020

A nárcisztikus működésmód és a jóllét kapcsolata régóta viták tárgyát képezi. Az önbeszámolós kérdőíveken alapuló kutatások a grandiózus nárcisztikus vonások és a jóllét számos mutatója között rendre közepesen erős pozitív kapcsolatot mutatnak, míg a sérülékeny nárcizmus inkább negatív affektivitással, alacsony önértékeléssel és alacsonyabb jólléttel jár együtt. Azonban, ha a nárcizmust mint a pozitív önértékelés elérésére irányuló önszabályozási működésmódot értelmezzük, akkor a pusztán önbeszámolós mérések számos torzítást tartalmazhatnak. A jelen tanulmányban ezért az öndeterminációs elmélet keretrendszerét és az eddig összegyűlt kutatási eredményeket felhasználva áttekintjük, hogy a nárcisztikus működésmód mennyire járhat együtt az alapvető emberi szükségletek – a kompetencia, az autonómia és a kapcsolódás – kielégítettségével. Áttekintésünk alapján a nárcisztikus működésmód leginkább a kapcsolódás szükségletére fejthet ki negatív hatást, míg a kompetencia és az autonómia esetében részben pozitív, részben negatív következményekkel számolhatunk. Végül számba vesszük a további lehetséges kutatási irányokat, amelyek segíthetnek a fennmaradó kettősség tisztázásában.
Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento Alimentar no Transtorno do Espectro Autista: estudo de validação
Authors: Lázaro Cristiane Pinheiro , Siquara Gustavo Marcelino , Pondé Milena Pereira
Published: February 2020

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do estudo foi construir os itens e realizar a validade de conteúdo e construto da Escala de Comportamento Alimentar do Autismo. Métodos Uma equipe multidisciplinar analisou a validade do conteúdo. A escala foi aplicada de forma verbal e individualizada a pais de pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) para ajuste semântico. Essa primeira versão da escala foi respondida por 298 pessoas, sendo feita uma análise dos componentes principais com uma rotação Varimax. Resultados Dos 53 itens inicialmente desenvolvidos para o estudo do construto, 33 mostraram-se válidos para a avaliação do atributo e três foram acrescentados, compondo a segunda versão da escala, que foi respondida por 130 pessoas. Dos 35 itens que permaneceram após a primeira análise fatorial, 26 mostraram-se válidos para a avaliação do atributo e foram distribuídos em sete dimensões: motricidade na mastigação, seletividade alimentar, habilidades nas refeições, comportamento inadequado relacionado às refeições, comportamentos rígidos relacionados à alimentação, comportamento opositor relacionado à alimentação, alergias e intolerância alimentar. A estrutura final da escala ficou composta por 26 itens, distribuídos em sete fatores, apresentando um valor geral de confiabilidade de 0,867. Conclusão A escala visa identificar as dimensões do comportamento alimentar que se encontram alteradas, proporcionando um direcionamento mais específico em relação à terapêutica, podendo também ser utilizada para mensurar a evolução do tratamento.
Prevalência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes de serviços ambulatoriais de clínica médica
Authors: Melo Breno Guedes de , Silva Junior Antonio Eduardo , Lopes Marina Travassos , Silva Luara Gomes da , Santos Roberto Mendes dos
Published: February 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes de ambulatórios de clínica médica no Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley, em 2018. Métodos Aplicação de um questionário sociodemográfico e da escala de depressão de Hamilton em um período de dois meses; 101 pacientes foram devidamente entrevistados. Resultados Observou-se que 61,4% da amostra classifica-se entre ligeiramente e gravemente deprimida, sendo 78% dos pacientes da reumatologia, 63% da cardiologia e 48% da endocrinologia. Dos pacientes abordados, 34,6% praticam atividade física pelo menos três vezes por semana, 53,5% fazem ou já fizeram uso de medicação para dormir, 25,7% já fizeram tratamento psiquiátrico e 4,9% o fazem atualmente, em contrapartida 29,7% fazem uso de algum psicotrópico. Dos psicotrópicos, o mais utilizado foi o diazepam (16,7%). Verificaram-se as seguintes associações: pacientes ligeiramente a gravemente deprimidos não praticavam atividades físicas, já faziam tratamento de saúde e tinham histórico de tratamento psiquiátrico; a reumatologia apresentou mais pacientes com algum grau de depressão. Dos 27 que disseram ter sono ruim, 78% usavam medicamento para dormir e 63%, psicotrópicos; 60% não praticavam atividade física e 81% eram ligeiramente a gravemente deprimidos. Sintomas somáticos foram os mais relatados na escala de Hamilton. Conclusão Existe alta prevalência de sintomas depressivos em pacientes dos ambulatórios de clínica médica, com destaque para as doenças cardiovasculares, endocrinológicas e reumatológicas. Percebe-se que houve grande destaque para os sintomas somáticos, o que pode explicar a grande quantidade de entrevistados que não são acompanhados por psiquiatra e tratados apenas com sintomáticos.
Silicon foliar application attenuates the effects of water suppression on cowpea cultivars
Authors: Silva Duval Chagas da , Melo Alberto Soares de , Melo Yuri Lima , Andrade Wellerson Leite de , Lima Liziane Maria de , Santos Anderson Reges
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Silicon and proline play important physiological, metabolic and functional roles in plants, especially under water deficit conditions. Their application can mitigate the adverse effects of stress in crops by increasing water use efficiency and antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate silicon (Si) as attenuator of the effects of water deficit on cowpea cultivars, through physiological, biochemical and growth indicators. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four cultivars (BRS Guariba, BRS Itaim, BRS Aracê and BRS Rouxinol) and four irrigation treatments associated or not with Si application (W100 - 100% ETo; W50 - 50% ETo; W50+100Si and W50+200Si, with 100 and 200 mg L-1 silicon, respectively), in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with five replicates. Leaf water potential, proline concentration, antioxidant enzymes and growth indicators were evaluated in cowpea plants. Under water deficit conditions, all cultivars showed reductions in leaf water potentials, which compromised plant growth. However, Si applications of 200 mg L-1 in the cultivar BRS Guariba and 100 and 200 mg L-1 in the cultivar BRS Itaim minimized the effects of stress, by increasing leaf water potential and the activity of the enzyme ascorbate peroxidase, in both cultivars, besides increasing proline concentration in the former and reducing proline concentration in the latter, which ensured the maintenance of growth. Despite the no contribution to the increase in water potential, Si applications of 100 and 200 mg L-1 in BRS Rouxinol and BRS Aracê, respectively, reduced the deleterious effects of the stress on their growth by regulating the enzymatic metabolism and proline.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of grandmothers related to breastfeeding: a meta-synthesis
Authors: Angelo Bárbara Helena de Brito , Pontes Cleide Maria , Sette Gabriela Cunha Schechtman , Leal Luciana Pedrosa
Published: February 2020

Objective: Evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of grandmothers that support or discourage the breastfeeding process. Method: This is a meta-synthesis based on the theoretical and methodological framework of meta-ethnography developed by Noblit and Hare. A critical evaluation of the articles was conducted using the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (Coreq). Primary and secondary constructs derived from the results of nine articles were grouped into a new theory, leading to tertiary constructs that were presented in a diagram based on the functionality of Sanicola’s Social Network Theory. Results: Grandmothers know the benefits of breastfeeding, the importance of a special diet and proper hydration for the production of good quality milk, but report inadequacies in the treatment of breast complications and the need for breast milk complementation before the sixth month of life. These aspects were also observed: religious interference, opposition of ideas about breastfeeding, and family decisions based on the grandmother figure. Conclusion: Through knowledge, attitudes and practices, grandmothers, central figures in breastfeeding support, support their daughters and daughters-in-law in breastfeeding or discourage breastfeeding with contrary opinions and inadequate guidance.
Interactive behaviors between mothers and their prematurely born infants in the face-to-face Still-Face Paradigm
Authors: Chiodelli Taís , Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim , Pereira Veronica Aparecida , Santos Pedro Lopes dos , Fuertes Marina
Published: February 2020

Abstract The present study compared and correlated interactive behaviors of 15 mothers and their very preterm infants (gestational age: 28-32 weeks). Mothers and infants were observed in the experimental Face-to-Face Still-Face paradigm, consisting of three episodes: in the first and third episodes (play and reunion episodes), mother and infant interact freely; in the second (still-face episode), the mother maintains a still-face expression. The behaviors of the infants were allocated in three categories: positive social orientation, negative social orientation and self-regulation. Maternal behaviors were classified into positive and negative social orientation. Intragroup comparisons indicated that maternal vocalizations were significantly higher in the play episode. Compared to other studies with preterm infants, babies in this study exhibit fewer interactive behaviors and more self-soothing behaviors in the still-face episode. In addition, in the reunion episode, values of the behaviors presented in the play episode were recovered. Correlations between intrusive maternal behaviors and noninteractive or negative-interaction behaviors of the infant suggest the relevance of providing intervention to promote maternal sensitivity.
CONSUMPTION OF ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS BY CHILDREN UNDER 24 MONTHS OF AGE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS
Authors: Lopes Wanessa Casteluber , Pinho Lucinéia de , Caldeira Antônio Prates , Lessa Angelina do Carmo
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the intake of ultra-processed foods by children under 24 months of age from the city of Montes Claros and identify factors associated with this consumption. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study with data collected from households through interviews. A questionnaire assessed the sociodemographic conditions of the family, maternal and child characteristics, and food consumption. We adopted a multivariate model to identify factors associated with the intake of ultra-processed foods. Results: A total of 545 children participated in this study, of whom 74.3% consumed some kind of ultra-processed food. The factors most strongly associated with this consumption were children older than six months, infants who were not breastfed, households with up to three residents, and the main caregiver of the child being someone other than the mother. Conclusions: Children under 24 months start consuming ultra-processed products at an early age, replacing foods considered natural and healthy. This study can contribute to guide health professionals in counseling families about feeding in the first years of life, emphasizing the proper introduction of complementary feeding and discouraging the consumption of ultra-processed products.
PREPUBERTAL GYNECOMASTIA: A RARE MANIFESTATION OF MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY TYPE 1
Authors: Miranda Patrícia Sofia Ferreira , Pereira Ester Preciosa Maio Nunes , Barreto Joana Serra Caetano Baltazar , Henriques Margarida Maria Videira , Mirante Maria Alice Santos Cordeiro , Ramos Lina Maria Jesus Ferreira Cardoso
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a case of bilateral gynecomastia in a prepubertal boy with autism spectrum disorder, diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy type 1. Case description: A 12-year-old boy with autism spectrum disorder presented at a follow-up visit with bilateral breast growth. There was a family history of gynecomastia, cataracts at a young age, puberty delay, and myotonic dystrophy type 1. The physical examination showed that he had bilateral gynecomastia with external genitalia Tanner stage 1. Neurologic examination was regular, without demonstrable myotonia. The analytical study revealed increased estradiol levels and estradiol/testosterone ratio. After excluding endocrine diseases, the molecular study of the dystrophia myotonica protein kinase gene confirmed the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1. Comments: A diagnosis of prepubertal gynecomastia should include an investigation for possible underlying diseases. This case report highlights the importance of considering the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 in the presence of endocrine and neurodevelopmental manifestations.
Advances in Cold Sintering
Authors: Andrews Jessica , Button Daniel , Reaney Ian M.
Published: February 2020

Ceramics are traditionally sintered at high temperatures (~80% melting temperature (Tm)). There are numerous incentives to reduce processing temperature: the reduction in processing energy; integration of polymeric and non-noble metals; greater control of microstructure and final component geometries. ‘Cold sintering’ has been developed as a novel method of densification which uses a transient liquid phase, pressure and heat to achieve dense ceramics. This review explores the process of cold sintering and its potential to densify various ceramic materials and components at low temperatures (<300°C), primarily describing recent results at The University of Sheffield, UK.
Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalysts KI/γ-Al2O3
Authors: Widayat Widayat , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Purbaningdyah Emma , Suryanto Irfan , Budiman Arief , Roesyadi Achmad , Kusimiyati Kusmiyati
Published: February 2020

Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel that can be produced from vegetable oil through the esterification process. Conventional homogeneous acid or base catalysts result in a lower biodiesel yield and a longer reaction time and require separation from the product, which lead to inefficient production. This research was aimed at utilising the heterogeneous catalyst potassium iodide (KI)/γ-aluminium oxide (γ-Al2O3) for esterification of waste cooking oil into biodiesel. The catalyst was prepared using the impregnation method in which calcination was conducted at 500°C for 3 h. The esterification operation condition was set to a temperature of 65°C for 3 h and a molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:14. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalyst was compared with a homogeneous catalyst with respect to the yield of biodiesel. The results showed that at a 2% (g catalyst/g oil) catalyst concentration, the esterification using the catalyst KI/γ-Al2O3 produced a higher yield of biodiesel (88·03%) compared with using γ-aluminium oxide (58·86%) and a conventional catalyst (82·23%). The reusability study of the catalyst KI/γ-Al2O3 showed that after the first reuse, the catalyst could still produce biodiesel with a yield of 61·30%. After the second reuse, the yield of biodiesel was 52·61%, and the third reuse produced a yield of 21·50%.
Life-cycle assessment environmental sustainability in bridge design and maintenance
Authors: Balogun Teslim B , Tomor Adrienn , Lamond Jessica , Gouda Hazem , Booth Colin A
Published: February 2020

Interviews were undertaken with expert bridge designers to reveal their opinions on environmental considerations and the possibility of integrating life-cycle assessment into the bridge design process. Bridge designers were generally found to consider that the need for the bridge, access for future maintenance, use of quality materials, longevity, cost savings and sustainability are matters more important than life-cycle environmental emissions. Moreover, the limited awareness of life-cycle assessments among bridge designers along with a keenness to execute clients’ requirements, mostly on the basis of cost, has further widened the gap. This gap could be overcome by ensuring that detailed environmental matters such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions are considered as design criteria; encouraging designers to highlight emerging environmental matters in the design brief; heightening awareness of life-cycle assessment among designers to increase its potential usage; and factoring life-cycle assessment damage indicators into the bridge design process.
Measuring Quality in Kidney Care: An Evaluation of Existing Quality Metrics and Approach to Facilitating Improvements in Care Delivery
Authors: Mendu Mallika L. , Tummalapalli Sri Lekha , Lentine Krista L. , Erickson Kevin F. , Lew Susie Q. , Liu Frank , Gould Edward , Somers Michael , Garimella Pranav S. , O’Neil Terrence , White David L. , Meyer Rachel , Bieber Scott D. , Weiner Daniel E.
Published: February 2020

Significance Statement

Leveraging quality metrics can be a powerful approach to improve patient outcomes. However, the validity of existing kidney-related quality metrics is unknown. To identify whether existing measures can effectively address and guide quality improvement in care of patients with kidney disease, the American Society of Nephrology’s Quality Committee performed a systematic compilation and evaluation of national kidney metrics. They identified 60 metrics, rating only 29 as highly valid and the other 31 metrics as of medium to low validity, on the basis of defined criteria. Almost half of the measures were related to dialysis management, compared with only one metric related to kidney replacement planning and two related to patient-reported outcomes. The authors urge refinement of existing quality metrics and development of new measures that better reflect kidney care delivery.

Background

Leveraging quality metrics can be a powerful approach to identify substantial performance gaps in kidney disease care that affect patient outcomes. However, metrics must be meaningful, evidence-based, attributable, and feasible to improve care delivery. As members of the American Society of Nephrology Quality Committee, we evaluated existing kidney quality metrics and provide a framework for quality measurement to guide clinicians and policy makers.

Methods

We compiled a comprehensive list of national kidney quality metrics from multiple established kidney and quality organizations. To assess the measures’ validity, we conducted two rounds of structured metric evaluation, on the basis of the American College of Physicians criteria: importance, appropriate care, clinical evidence base, clarity of measure specifications, and feasibility and applicability.

Results

We included 60 quality metrics, including seven for CKD prevention, two for slowing CKD progression, two for CKD management, one for advanced CKD and kidney replacement planning, 28 for dialysis management, 18 for broad measures, and two patient-reported outcome measures. We determined that on the basis of defined criteria, 29 (49%) of the metrics have high validity, 23 (38%) have medium validity, and eight (13%) have low validity.

Conclusions

We rated less than half of kidney disease quality metrics as highly valid; the others fell short because of unclear attribution, inadequate definitions and risk adjustment, or discordance with recent evidence. Nearly half of the metrics were related to dialysis management, compared with only one metric related to kidney replacement planning and two related to patient-reported outcomes. We advocate refining existing measures and developing new metrics that better reflect the spectrum of kidney care delivery.
Muğla-Dalaman yöresi sulama sularının sulama suyu kalitelerinin belirlenmesi ve mevsimsel değişiminin incelenmesi
Authors: ALTIN Resul , SÖNMEZ Sahriye
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışma, Muğla-Dalaman yöresi sulama sularının sulama suyu kalitelerinin belirlenmesi ve mevsimsel değişimlerinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Dalaman yöresi sınırları içerisinde 3 farklı mevkii (Kapıkargın, Gürköy ve Atakent) belirlenmiş ve bu mevkilerden Ekim-Kasım 2017 (1. Dönem), Şubat-Mart 2018 (2. Dönem) ve Mayıs-Haziran 2018 (3. Dönem) dönemlerinde toplam 54 adet su örneği alınmıştır. Örneklerde pH, EC, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, CO3-2, HCO3-, Cl- ve SO4-2 analizleri yapılarak, SAR ve %Na değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; sulama sularının pH’larının 6.87-8.41, EC’lerinin 523-7990 µS cm-1, SAR değerlerinin 0.09-12.37 me L-1, %Na’larının %1.58-56.58, Cl- içeriklerinin 0.08-72 me L-1, SO4 içeriklerinin 0.38-29.38 me L-1 ve RSC değerlerinin ise -51.32-29.38 me L-1 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Dalaman İlçesi sulama sularının pH’larının genel olarak hafif alkali ve alkali reaksiyon gösterdikleri; orta tuzlu (C2) ve fazla tuzlu (C3) sınıfa girdikleri ve EC’lerinin 1. Dönemden 3. Döneme doğru arttığı; SAR ve %Na değerlerinin 1. ve 2. sınıfta yer aldığı ve 1. dönemden 3. döneme doğru azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Su örneklerinin Cl, SO4 içerikleri ve RSC değerlerinin değişkenlik göstermekle beraber, büyük çoğunluğunun 1. ve 2. sınıf sulama suyu olduğu ve suların Cl ve SO4 içeriklerinin 1. dönemden 3. döneme doğru artış gösterdiği, RSC değerlerininse azaldığı saptanmıştır. Mevkiler değerlendirildiğinde; sulama sularının EC, SAR, %Na, Cl, SO4 bakımından en problemli mevkinin Kapıkargın mevkii olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; sulama sularının büyük bölümünün EC yönünden problemli olduğu ve tarımsal üretimde kullanılmaması gerektiği, eğer kullanılacaksa gerekli önlemlerin alınması gerektiği, ancak %Na ve Cl bakımından herhangi bir problemlerinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Prevention of Criminal Behavior of Prison Officers Working with Convicts Held in Lockable Premises
Authors: Muzychuk Tatiana , Kulakova Svetlana , Spasennikov Boris
Published: February 2020

The Russian Federation continues its consistent policy of humanizing the conditions for incarcerated women and minors, of law observance in the execution of punishment and the prevention of unlawful violence against inmates. In this connection, optimizing the prevention of prison officers’ unlawful behavior requires new approaches to precluding personality destruction of prison employees that leads to unlawful use of physical violence against inmates. The existing legal basis does not provide any special psychological assistance for specific categories of officers, thus it is important to search for effective methods of preventing unlawful behavior of those employees who have immediate contact with convicts held in lockable premises. The intensity and tension in the work of these officers are caused by their constant contact with the most criminalized inmates, by the necessity to perform their professional tasks in the conditions of covert or open confrontation, provocative or manipulative behavior of criminals. Such conditions increase the probability of unlawful behavior of prison officers, manifested both as one-time, situational reactions and as overall behavioral strategies. Such factors made it necessary to conduct a country-wide research of personal characteristics of this category of officers with the purpose of identifying those features that provoke unlawful behavior. It involved 213 prison officers (representative method of random sampling) from 81 subjects of the Russian Federation; the authors also examined data acquired as a result of specific requests and the analysis of materials on the frequency and characteristic features of unlawful behavior of officers. The research resulted in determining personal profiles of penitentiary system’s employees. It showed that 98 of them (the first group) have an evident complex of negative characteristics (negative profile of personality). It is not recommended for them to work in lockable premises in the future. The researchers recommended 115 officers (the second group) for future work in lockable premises of penitentiary institutions (positive profile of personality). The diagnostics’ results made it possible to determine that the key specific task of psychological assistance for this category of officers is timely identification of inclination for unlawful behavior and the assessment of the effectiveness of correctional measures. Preventive work should be based on the results of screening that determines the level of aggression, depressive conditions, mental tolerance of the officer under considerable psychological and physical stress and extraordinary, extreme situations at work.
The semantic roles of ‘kaku-joshi’ in Japanese textbooks
Authors: Sutedi Dedi
Published: February 2020

Case particles are an important Japanese language learning aspect that the learners should have learned since the beginner level, yet there are still many who still do not grasp the meaning and function of each particle. This is because in the instructional process, the elaboration of such articles is confined to the external structure, while the inner structure (semantic roles) is rather neglected in the textbooks. This study seeks to explain each semantic role of the particles 'kaku-joshi' contained in Japanese language teaching materials starting from elementary to secondary levels used in Indonesia. The method used is descriptive, with textual analysis employed as a data analysis technique. Findings reveal that all Japanese case particles have appeared in elementary level textbooks, namely particles GA, WO, NI, DE, TO, E, KARA, MADE, and YORI which are used to follow arguments or syntactic functions in the form of subject, object, complement, and adjunct. However, not all semantic roles appear in the textbook; 14 semantic roles are evidently not present. The findings of this study can be used as reference material for Japanese instructors in the teaching of Japanese case particles, so that the differences among the particles will be clearer and more easily understood by Japanese language learners in Indonesia.
Indonesia Islamic senior high school students’ English learning conceptions and strategies
Authors: Mulyani Euis Rina , Suherdi Didi , Sundayana Wachyu
Published: February 2020

This study was inspired by previous studies of how students’ learning influences their learning belief and in turn, their strategies. Unfortunately, few studies concern learners’ conceptions of learning, in particular in learning English; and paid less attention to senior high school students level. With the intention to identify Islamic senior high school. Interview and both close and open questionnaires were used to collect relevant data. To identify students’ conception, Purdie and Hattie’s COLI items were used; and Oxford’s SILL to identify learning strategies. Data collected from close questionnaire were analyzed by quantifying the frequency and the average of particular issues, which include the preference of students' learning conception and learning strategies. Meanwhile, data from interview and open questionnaire were analyzed using Miles and Hubberman’s (1994) framework of qualitative data analyses. Overall, data analyses results showed that, in terms of their conceptions, most students conceived learning as a duty—in order to able to make their parents happy, to serve the community with their knowledge, and most of all, as a way to show their devotion to Allah the all mighty. In addition, most students favored metacognitive learning strategies in learning English. This study came to the conclusion that although the tendency of students’ conception of learning English was at the surface level of learning, most of the students used relatively complex and high-level strategies when it came to their English learning process as they used metacognitive strategies.
The challenges of using TED Talks as authentic resources of academic listening for EFL university students
Authors: Astika Gusti , Kurniawan Ardiyarso
Published: February 2020

Developing listening skills in an academic context is essential as it requires students to acquire a sufficient number of vocabulary, which will enable them to comprehend the information provided in a text. This paper explores the challenges faced by twenty-seven EFL students in an Academic Listening course using a task-based language teaching framework (Nunan, 2004; Willis, 1996; Willis Willis, 2011). The data were collected from the students’ listening journals containing accounts of their experiences during the course. The data from the journals were analyzed qualitatively to identify the themes that emerged. The results of the analysis reveal various challenges encountered by the students: unfamiliar accents, fast speed of speech, and new vocabulary. The paper ends with a recommendation to investigate vocabulary learning strategies of spoken texts.
Language, identity, and ideology: Analysing discourse in Aceh sharia law implementation
Authors: Habiburrahim H. , Rahmiati Zainah , Muluk Safrul , Akmal Saiful , Aziz Zulfadli A.
Published: February 2020

The implementation of Sharia law in Aceh in 2001 has ignited various reactions from both national and international communities. Some argued that this Sharia law could have a detrimental effect on human rights issues. Others claimed that as a province populated by the Muslim majority, Aceh should be given an opportunity to legalise its own legal product, ensuring that Sharia law is part of Acehnese religious values. This paper is primarily concerned with analysing the texts taken from The Jakarta Post newspaper’s article regarding the formal implementation of the local Sharia law in Aceh. The article is examined by means of various tools in Discourse Analysis method, including social identity, speech acts and implicature, genres and register. The findings elucidate that the speech and discourse of the participants and their interpretation are highly influenced by identity and community ideology of the speakers.