bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The CD200/CD200R signaling pathway contributes to spontaneous functional recovery by enhancing synaptic plasticity after stroke
Authors: Sun Hao , He Xinran , Tao Xia , Hou Tingting , Chen Mingming , He Meijun , Liao Hong
Published: May 2020

Background

Spontaneous functional recovery occurs during the acute phase after stroke onset, but this intrinsic recovery remains limited. Therefore, exploring the mechanism underlying spontaneous recovery and identifying potential strategies to promote functional rehabilitation after stroke are very important. The CD200/CD200R signaling pathway plays an important role in neurological recovery by modulating synaptic plasticity during multiple brain disorders. However, the effect and mechanism of action of the CD200/CD200R pathway in spontaneous functional recovery after stroke are unclear.

Methods

In this study, we used a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats to investigate the function of CD200/CD200R signaling in spontaneous functional recovery after stroke. We performed a battery of behavioral tests (Longa test, adhesive removal test, limb-use asymmetry test, and the modified grip-traction test) to evaluate sensorimotor function after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection with CD200 fusion protein (CD200Fc) or CD200R blocking antibody (CD200R Ab) post-stroke. Density and morphology of dendritic spines were analyzed by Golgi staining. Microglia activation was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Western blot was used to detect the levels of protein and the levels of mRNA were measured by qPCR.

Results

Our study demonstrated that sensorimotor function, synaptic proteins, and structures were gradually recovered and CD200R was transiently upregulated in ipsilateral cortex after stroke. Synapse-related proteins and dendritic spines were preserved, accompanied by sensorimotor functional recovery, after stereotaxic CD200Fc injection post-stroke. In addition, CD200Fc restrained microglia activation and pro-inflammatory factor release (such asIl-1,Tnf-α, andIl-6) after MCAO. On the contrary, CD200R Ab aggravated sensory function recovery in adhesive removal test and further promoted microglia activation and pro-inflammatory factor release (such asIl-1) after MCAO. The immune-modulatory effect of CD200/CD200R signaling might be exerted partly by its inhibition of the MAPK pathway.

Conclusions

This study provides evidence that the CD200/CD200R signaling pathway contributes to spontaneous functional recovery by enhancing synaptic plasticity via inhibition of microglia activation and inflammatory factor release.
The impact of long dry periods on the aboveground biomass in a tropical forest: 20 years of monitoring
Authors: de Meira Junior Milton Serpa , Pinto José Roberto Rodrigues , Ramos Natália Oliveira , Miguel Eder Pereira , Gaspar Ricardo de Oliveira , Phillips Oliver L.
Published: May 2020

Background

Long-term studies of community and population dynamics indicate that abrupt disturbances often catalyse changes in vegetation and carbon stocks. These disturbances include the opening of clearings, rainfall seasonality, and drought, as well as fire and direct human disturbance. Such events may be super-imposed on longer-term trends in disturbance, such as those associated with climate change (heating, drying), as well as resources. Intact neotropical forests have recently experienced increased drought frequency and fire occurrence, on top of pervasive increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, but we lack long-term records of responses to such changes especially in the critical transitional areas at the interface of forest and savanna biomes. Here, we present results from 20 years monitoring a valley forest (moist tropical forest outlier) in central Brazil. The forest has experienced multiple drought events and includes plots which have and which have not experienced fire. We focus on how forest structure (stem density and aboveground biomass carbon) and dynamics (stem and biomass mortality and recruitment) have responded to these disturbance regimes.

Results

Overall, the biomass carbon stock increased due to the growth of the trees already present in the forest, without any increase in the overall number of tree stems. Over time, both recruitment and especially mortality of trees tended to increase, and periods of prolonged drought in particular resulted in increased mortality rates of larger trees. This increased mortality was in turn responsible for a decline in aboveground carbon toward the end of the monitoring period.

Conclusion

Prolonged droughts influence the mortality of large trees, leading to a decline in aboveground carbon stocks. Here, and in other neotropical forests, recent droughts are capable of shutting down and reversing biomass carbon sinks. These new results add to evidence that anthropogenic climate changes are already adversely impacting tropical forests.
NUrse-led COntinuum of care for people with Diabetes and prediabetes (NUCOD) in Nepal: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Dong ( Roman) , Dev Rubee , Shrestha Abha , Zhang Lingling , Shrestha Archana , Shakya Pushpanjali , Hughes James P. , Shakya Prabin Raj , Li Jinghua , Liao Jing , Karmacharya Biraj Man
Published: May 2020

Background

The purpose of this study will be to improve diabetes prevention, access to care and advocacy through a novel cost-effective nurse-led continuum of care approach that incorporates diabetes prevention, awareness, screening and management for low-income settings, and furthermore utilizes the endeavor to advocate for establishing a standard diabetes program in Nepal.

Methods

We will conduct a two-arm, parallel group, stratified cluster randomized controlled trial of the NUrse-led COntinuum of care for people with Diabetes (N1 = 200) and prediabetes (N2 = 1036) (NUCOD) program, with primary care centers (9 outreach centers and 17 government health posts) as a unit of randomization. The NUCOD program will be delivered through the trained diabetes nurses in the community to the intervention group and the outcomes will be compared with the usual treatment group at 6 and 12 months of the intervention. The primary outcome will be the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level among diabetes individuals and progression to type 2 diabetes among prediabetes individuals, and implementation outcomes measured using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance) framework. Outcomes will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis.

Discussion

The results of this trial will provide information about the effectiveness of the NUCOD program in improving clinical outcomes for diabetes and prediabetes individuals, and implementation outcomes for the organization. The continuum of care model can be used for the prevention and management of diabetes and other noncommunicable diseases within and beyond Nepal with similar context.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04131257. Registered on 18 October 2019.
Investigation of the antigenicity and protective efficacy of Leishmania promastigote membrane antigens in search of potential diagnostic and vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Ejazi Sarfaraz Ahmad , Ghosh Smriti , Bhattacharyya Anirban , Kamran Mohd , Das Sonali , Bhowmick Sudipta , Rahaman Mehebubar , Goswami Rama Prosad , Ali Nahid
Published: May 2020

Background

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is a parasitic disease that causes serious medical consequences if treatment is delayed. Despite a decline in the number of VL cases in the Indian subcontinent, the commencement of the disease in newer areas continues to be a major concern. Although serological diagnosis mainly by immunochromatographic tests has been found to be effective, a test of cure in different phases of treatment is still desired. Even though a good prophylactic response has been obtained in murine models by a number of vaccine candidates, few have been proposed for human use.

Methods

In this study, nine antigenic components (31, 34, 36, 45, 51, 63, 72, 91 and 97 kDa) of Leishmania promastigote membrane antigens (LAg), were electroeluted and evaluated through ELISA to diagnose and distinguish active VL from one month cured and six months post-treatment patients. Further, to investigate the immunogenicity of electroeluted proteins, human PBMCs of cured VL patients were stimulated with 31, 34, 51, 63, 72 and 91 kDa proteins.

Results

We found that 34 and 51 kDa proteins show 100% sensitivity and specificity with healthy controls and other diseases. After six months post-treatment, antibodies to 72 and 91 kDa antigens show a significant decline to almost normal levels. This suggests that 34 and 51 kDa proteins are efficient in diagnosis, whereas 72 and 91 kDa proteins may be used to monitor treatment outcome. In another assay, 51 and 63 kDa proteins demonstrated maximum ability to upregulate IFN-γ and IL-12 with minimum induction of IL-10 and TGF-β. The results indicating that 51 and 63 kDa proteins could be strong candidates for human immunization against VL. In contrast, 34 and 91 kDa proteins demonstrated a reverse profile and may not be a good vaccine candidate.

Conclusions

The preliminary data obtained in this study proposes the potential of some of the antigens in Leishmania diagnosis and for test of cure. Additionally, some antigens demonstrated good immunoprophylactic cytokine production through T cell-mediated immune response, suggesting future vaccine candidates for VL. However, further studies are necessary to explore these antigens in diagnosis and to access the long-term immune response.
Why companies prefer applicants from non-immigrant families: investigating access to vocational training among low-qualified adolescents with an interlinked firm-applicant survey
Authors: Söhn Janina
Published: May 2020

In the German system of dual vocational training, in which companies recruit apprentices, graduates from low-level secondary schools (Hauptschule), and particularly those from immigrant families, are at a significant disadvantage regarding access to such apprenticeships. Previous qualitative studies have already pointed to the role of companies’ recruiting criteria for mechanisms of indirect discrimination, e.g., their desire for smooth social interaction within the firm. This article builds on a standardized survey among companies to which low-skilled adolescents successfully or unsuccessfully applied for dual vocational training. The company data are matched with secondary longitudinal survey data on the same girls and boys. Which recruiting criteria put ethnic minorities at a disadvantage and hence indirectly facilitate ethnic discrimination? The theoretical approach considers (knowledge of) the immigration country’s official language as both a functional requirement and a tool of hierarchical ethnic boundary making. In addition, concepts of social interaction within firms and respective norms as well as of homophily are subjected to an empirical test. Statistical results show that the below-average recruitment chances of applicants with a migration background are somewhat lower if companies stress a social fit criterion in their selection procedures. Furthermore, contrary to the initial hypothesis, ethnic minority youths are only substantially disadvantaged when applying to firms which consider the ability of verbal expression less crucial. Firms which consider this criterion very important may give applicants from immigrant families the chance to present themselves in a job interview and thus dispel ethnic stereotypes like the one that second-generation immigrant youths display serious language deficiencies.
Rapid identification of cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate film in historic photograph collections
Authors: Carter Elizabeth A. , Swarbrick Brad , Harrison Thérèse M. , Ronai Lucilla
Published: May 2020

Cellulose nitrate transparent plastic film was used by photographers and movie filmmakers from its release in the 1880s to the 1950s. The storage of this material is a challenge for cultural institutions because of its instability and hazardous nature, as nitrate is highly flammable and deteriorates over time. Historically, cellulose acetate gradually began to replace cellulose nitrate as it is not flammable. Despite its non-flammable properties, leading to cellulose acetate being called ‘safety’ film, over time it became clear that it also deteriorates in hazardous ways. Identification of cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate in collections is necessary for preservation and risk management to collections and humans. Both cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate are found in gallery, library, archive and museum photographic collections. As a result, identification and management of this material might be the responsibility of curators, librarians, archivists, collection managers, registrars or conservators, depending on the institution staffing and structure. Currently, there is no single identification method readily available to heritage institutions that meets the requirements to identify and distinguish between cellulose nitrate and cellulose acetate reliably, non-destructively and rapidly. In this study samples from both the Sydney University Museums and Australian National Maritime Museum collections have been analysed using infrared total reflectance spectroscopy, a novel approach which demonstrates great potential for rapid and non-invasive identification particularly when combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed for non-subjective data mining and the development of a model which is hoped to be used in the future for predicting sample identification. After calculation of the PCA model, the novel application of the Parsimax orthogonal rotation method potentially provides a means of determining the level of chemical deterioration in the cellulose nitrate film.
Detecting pre-eruptive magmatic processes of the 2018 eruption at Kilauea, Hawaii volcano with ambient noise interferometry
Authors: Feng Kuan-Fu , Huang Hsin-Hua , Wu Yih-Min
Published: May 2020

A sequence of eruptions in the lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) of the Kilauea, Hawaii volcano commenced in early May 2018 and caused serious damage and residential evacuation. The post-eruption drainage and collapses of the summit lava lake and caldera suggest a well-connected magmatic plumbing system along the rift zone. How and when the pre-eruptive magmatic processes in such connecting system occurred are, however, still unclear. For that, we apply ambient noise interferometry with seismic data from January 2017 to June 2018 from 12 broadband seismometers to investigate spatiotemporal seismic velocity changes (dv/v) of the upper crust in the Kilauea area. The dv/v variations in three frequency bands (0.3–0.6 Hz, 0.6–0.9 Hz, and 0.9–2.0 Hz) show distinct responses to strong earthquake ground shaking and deep magmatic intrusion processes. Earthquake-induced dv/v drops mainly in the higher two frequency bands imply shallow mechanical changes within the uppermost 1 km of the crust. In contrast, the magma-related dv/v changes can be characterized into three periods of activity: from the December 2017 to March 15, 2018, a dv/v excursion only seen in the lowest frequency band indicates the magmatic intrusion processes taking place at the depth range of 1–4 km, consistent with the proposed depth of the magma reservoir-dike system in the rift zone. The spatial dv/v distribution suggests that the magma may intrude to the deeper summit magma reservoir and in the upper East Rift Zone (UERZ) at this time. From March 15 to April 17 in 2018, the summit inflation recorded by tiltmeters causes the dv/v increases in the higher two frequency bands. After April 17 to the eruption, the accumulating damage of the edifice together with the stronger intrusion activity in the UERZ result in dv/v decreases in all three frequency bands around the summit and UERZ areas. Our observations highlight that the ambient noise interferometry analysis provides an opportunity to image and understand the pre-eruptive processes of reservoir-dike magma system and could be a useful supplement to current volcanic monitoring systems.
Convergence strategy and innovation capability of the classic art industry
Authors: Lim Seongbae , Lee Hong-Hee , Jung Kyoung Claudio
Published: May 2020

Arts management is the field related to business operations of arts organizations, specifically production, fundraising, policy and administration, public relations, marketing, etc. The main characteristic of the field of art is that it requires talented people as the main input for value creation, and this requires effective management of resources and processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of a convergence strategy for improving the sustainability of the opera industry by focusing on operama, a new genre created through the fusion of opera and drama. Through the convergence of the two different industries, operama has been able to communicate the philosophy and artistic values of classic art to the public more effectively. This study proposes how classic art industries can be positively reinvented by adopting various convergence strategies.
Riders Use Their Body Mass to Amplify Crank Power during Nonseated Ergometer Cycling
Authors: WILKINSON ROSS D. , CRESSWELL ANDREW G. , LICHTWARK GLEN A.
Published: May 2020

When cyclists ride off the saddle, their center of mass (CoM) appears to go through a rhythmic vertical oscillation during each crank cycle. Just like in walking and running, the pattern of CoM movement may have a significant effect on the mechanical power that needs to be generated and dissipated by muscle.

Purpose

To date, neither the CoM movement strategies during nonseated cycling nor the limb mechanics that allow this phenomenon to occur have been quantified.

Methods

Here we estimate how much power can be contributed by a rider’s CoM at each instant during the crank cycle by combining a kinematic and kinetic approach to measure CoM movement and joint powers of 15 participants riding in a nonseated posture at three individualized power outputs (10%, 30%, and 50% of peak maximal power) and two different cadences (70 and 120 rpm).

Results

The peak-to-peak amplitude of vertical CoM displacement increased significantly with power output and with decreasing cadence. Accordingly, the greatest peak-to-peak amplitude of CoM displacement (0.06 ± 0.01 m) and change in total mechanical energy (0.54 ± 0.12 J·kg−1) occurred under the combination of high-power output and low cadence. At the same combination of high-power output and low cadence, we found that the peak rate of CoM energy loss (3.87 ± 0.93 W·kg−1) was equal to 18% of the peak crank power.

Conclusion

Consequently, it appears that for a given power output, changes in CoM energy contribute to peak instantaneous power output at the crank, thus reducing the required muscular contribution. These findings suggest that the rise and fall of a rider’s CoM acts as a mechanical amplifier during nonseated cycling, which has important implications for both rider and bicycle performance.
Health Recommendations and Selection in Health Behaviors
Authors: Oster Emily
Published: May 2020

Consider a case in which a new research finding links a health behavior with good health outcomes. A possible consequence is take-up of this behavior among individuals who engage in other positive health behaviors. If this occurs, later analyses of observational data may be biased by the change in selection. This paper evaluates these dynamic biases in empirical settings. Using data from vitamin supplementation and diet, I show that selection responds endogenously to health recommendations. These results highlight how spurious findings on health behaviors can be self-reinforcing. (JEL I12)
Lifestyle integrated functional exercise for people with dementia: study protocol for a home-based randomised controlled trial
Authors: Almeida Sara , Gomes da Silva Madalena , Marques Alda
Published: May 2020

Background/Aims

Physical activity is effective in people with dementia. Most people with dementia live at home, but few home-based physical activity programmes have been developed. The aim of this protocol is to determine the feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Lifestyle Integrated Functional Exercise for People with Dementia (LiFE4D).

Methods

A randomised, controlled trial will be implemented. The experimental group will receive LiFE4D and the control group will maintain usual treatment. LiFE4D is a 3-month programme adjusted to daily routines and involving carers, with decreased face-to-face contact over time. The primary outcome measure is exercise capacity assessed with the 2-Minute Step Test. Secondary outcomes include cognitive function, physical activity, health-related physical fitness, respiratory function, functionality, quality of life, carers' burden and costs.

Results

Findings from this study will improve knowledge and provide guidance on home-based physical activity for people with dementia.

Conclusions

If effective, the trial will provide a model of home-based physical activity and inform international guidelines for dementia care.
Coherent beam combining of 61 femtosecond fiber amplifiers
Authors: Fsaifes Ihsan , Daniault Louis , Bellanger Severine , Veinhard Matthieu , Bourderionnet Jerome , Larat Christian , Lallier Eric , Durand Eric , Brignon Arnaud , Chanteloup Jean-Christophe
Published: May 2020

We report on the coherent beam combining of 61 femtosecond fiber chirped-pulse amplifiers in a tiled-aperture configuration along with an interferometric phase measurement technique. Relying on coherent beam recombination in the far field, this technique appears suitable for the combination of a large number of fiber amplifiers. The 61 output beams are stacked in a hexagonal arrangement and collimated through a high fill factor hexagonal micro-lens array. The residual phase error between two fibers is as low as λ/90 RMS, while a combining efficiency of ∼50% is achieved.
Photonic integrated quantum key distribution receiver for multiple users
Authors: Kong Lingwen , Li Zhihao , Li Congxiu , Cao Lin , Xing Zeyu , Cao Junqin , Wang Yaxin , Cai Xinlun , Zhou Xiaoqi
Published: May 2020

Integrated photonics has the advantages of miniaturization, low cost, and CMOS compatibility, and it provides a stable, highly integrated, and practical platform for quantum key distribution (QKD). While photonic integration of optical components has greatly reduced the overall cost of QKD systems, single-photon detectors (SPDs) have become the most expensive part of a practical QKD system. In order to circumvent this obstacle and make full use of SPDs, we have designed and fabricated a QKD receiver chip for multiple users. Our chip is based on a time-division multiplexing technique and makes use of a single set of SPDs to support up to four users’ QKD. Our proof-of-principle chip-based QKD system is capable of producing an average secret key rate of 13.68 kbps for four users with a quantum bit error rate (QBER) as low as 0.51% over a simulated distance of 20 km in fiber. Our result clearly demonstrates the feasibility of multiplexing SPDs for setting QKD channels with different users using photonic integrated chip and may find applications in the commercialization of quantum communication technology.
Trends in the technological development of wind energy generation
Authors: de Falani Samira Yusef Araújo , González Mario Orestes Aguirre , Barreto Fernanda M. , de Toledo José Carlos , Torkomian Ana Lúcia Vitale
Published: May 2020

This article presents a global overview of emerging trends of wind energy technology development. The research conducted: a bibliographic review of the methods of technological prospecting and wind energy; a patent analysis, presenting the current panorama of technologies in this sector; and mapping of the technological evolution of wind turbines and a proposal of the future trends. The patent analysis identified 25,644 patent registrations from 2003 to 2012, showing a growth trend primarily in the United States and China, with significant representation of companies such as General Electric and Mitsubishi. As defined by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), knowledge areas focused on patent application deposits cover mechanical engineering; lighting; heating; weapons; blasting; and electricity. The trends show that wind turbines of the future are likely to be vertical and synchronous with the height of the turbine greater than 194m and rotor diameter greater than 164m, and that the power of a wind turbine will exceed 10 MW. The materials used in the blades will be nanomaterials with the characteristics of low density and high resistance such as graphene. Wind turbine towers will feature a hybrid material, combining steel and concrete.
Critical success factors for the digitalization of smart cities
Authors: Krishnan Balasubramaniam , Arumugam Seetharaman , Maddulety KoilaKuntla
Published: May 2020

In the ‘industry 4.0’ era, the phenomenon of digitalization of smart cities has gained increasing prominence, as it has the potential to address the problem of resource optimization and the pressure of demand of the growing urban population. In the past, smart city initiatives may not have created desired impacts as these initiatives were limited in scope, focusing on physical digital integration of the underlying systems of cities and of their citizens. This article examines the success factors that affect the digitalization of smart cities based on secondary research. To achieve smart cities’ core objectives of increasing quality of living, providing efficient and optimal services, thereby making the functioning of the city smart through digitalization, it is essential to look at these critical success factors, namely, sustainability, ecosystems and digital citizen. The article points out important elements such as lack of governance of sustainability, methods and processes to enhance participation of digital citizens and inadequate knowledge about structures and value creation through ecosystems that would need to be addressed while digitalizing smart cities. Given the required policy attention and focus, these factors would be expected to make smart cities sustainable, improve the quality of life of citizens and create new economic opportunities, while digitalizing them.
Lecciones del nazismo jurídico para la filosofía de derecho: Radbruch y el positivismo jurídico
Authors: Peña Freire Antonio Manuel
Published: May 2020

Numerosos estudios sobre la experiencia jurídica, política e institucional nacionalsocialista alemana ofrecen una imagen del llamado «derecho nazi» muy distinta de la que Radbruch presupuso cuando acusó al iuspositivismo de haber propiciado el nazismo y el derecho nazi. En este trabajo, se repasan los rasgos básicos de ese singular orden, caracterizado por el desorden institucional, la confusión entre derecho y voluntad del Führer, moral racial o ideología nacionalsocialista, la extrema vaguedad de algunos de sus conceptos jurídicos clave, la confusión de las fuentes del derecho, el incremento de la discrecionalidad de autoridades y jueces, etcétera. Después se comprueba hasta qué punto ese modelo de derecho es compatible con el de cada una de las distintas variantes del iuspositivismo. Se concluye señalando que las afirmaciones de Radbruch a propósito de la relación entre iuspositivismo y derecho nazi fueron erróneas y que el peso que han tenido estos planteamientos en la reflexión iusfilosófica posterior podría no estar justificado.
A New Steroid Isolated from Leucas cephalotes
Authors: Priya K. Kavitha , Anuradha V. , Jayalakshmi G. , Kumari S. Ratna
Published: May 2020

A new steroidal triterpenoid was isolated from hexane washed ethanolic extract of flowers of Leucas
cephalotes. Its structure was elucidated as (Z)-17-(4,4-dimethylhept-2en-2-yl)-8,10,14-trimethyl-
2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12,13,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopent[a]phenanthren-3-ol (1). The structure
of the new compound was determined by 1D and 2D NMR and MS and DEPT experiments as well as
by comparison of their data with the reported values.
Evaluation of the Physical and Chemical Properties of
Vietnamese Perilla frutescens L. Essential Oil
Authors: Ngan Tran Thi Kim , oan Tran Quoc T , Cang Mai Huynh
Published: May 2020

Perilla frutescens essential oil was studied in this work for its physico-chemical characteristics and
composition. The essential oil was obtained yields by 0.1%. The physico-chemical properties of the
oil were also discovered including the physico-chemical parameters averaged 0.944 g/cm3 for specific
gravity, acid index (9.185 mg KOH/g), ester index (28.66 mg KOH/g), refractive index (1.4976).
Thought gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results revealed that the oil is extremely
rich in myristicin (43.896%), elemicin (28.793%), α-caryophyllene (8.327%), perillaldehyde (7.973%),
(Z,E)-farnesene (2.807%), D-limonene (1.043%). The results showed that the morphological
characteristics and the polymorphism in the essential oil composition of perilla leaves were reliant on
the harvesting time and geographical cultivate. Perilla essential oil is antioxidant, antibacterial and
used in many studies, helping to find its effect on Alzheimer′s disease, memory loss, concentration
and anti-depressive concentration, because it contains unique compounds as above
Bactericidal Effect of Cotton Fabric Treated with Polymer Solution
Containing Silver Nanoparticles of Different Sizes and Shapes
Authors: Yunusov Kh. E. , Sarymsakov A.A. , Mullajonova S.V. , Turakulov F.M. , Rashidova S. Sh.
Published: May 2020

Stable silver nanoparticles in solutions of sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) were synthesized
and their structure and physico-chemical properties were evaluated. The form and sizes of silver
nanoparticles formed in solutions of CMC and cotton fabrics were studied using UV-VIS spectroscopy,
atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. It was found that silver
nitrate concentration increase in sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions, as well as photoirradiation
of the hydrogel lead to the changes of the silver nanoparticles size and shape. Investigations have also
shown that spherical silver nanoparticles with sizes of 5-35 nm and content of 0.0086 mass% in cotton
fabrics possess high bactericidal activity. Stabilization of silver nanoparticles has preserved bactericidal
and bacteriostatic activities during the washing of cotton fabrics and textiles on their base.
Novel Mixed Complexes Derived from Benzoimidazolphenylethanamine and
4-(Benzoimidazol-2-yl)aniline: Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial
Evaluation and Theoretical Prediction of Toxicity
Authors: Aroua Lotfi M.
Published: May 2020

Benzoimidazolphenylethanamine (BPE) has been synthesized using condensation reaction from
o-phenyldiamine and L-phenylalanine. Some metal complexes have been synthesized from
4-(benzoimidazol-2-yl)aniline, benzoimidazolylphenylethanamine and cadmium(II), tin(II), copper(II)
and nickel(II) metal in a molar ratio (1:1:1). All new metal complexes were characterized by
spectroscopic data of FTIR, UV-visible electronic absorption, X-ray powder diffraction and thermal
analysis. Spectra analysis of the mixed metal complexes showed the coordination of ligands to the
metal ions via nitrogen atoms. The XRD powder showed that metal complexes have a monoclinic
system. The preliminary tested in vitro antibacterial activities of Sn(II) complex was assayed against
four bacterial isolates namely Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive,
Pseudomonas aerugmosa and Escherichia coli.
Validated Stability Indicating HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of
Trithioparamethoxy Phenylpropene and Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Tablet Forms
Authors: Sravanthi T. , Madhavi N.
Published: May 2020

A novel easy stability indicating high performance liquid chromatography method has been developed
for the concurrent assessment of trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene in combination with
chlorpheniramine maleate using Luna C8 column with UV detection at 224 nm. The mobile phase
comprised of 0.02 N phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) and acetonitrile (55:45 v/v) was delivered with a flow
rate of 1.5 mL/min. The method was linear over the concentration range 6.25-18.75 μg/mL
(trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene) and 1.5-4.5 μg/mL (chlorpheniramine maleate). The limit of
quantification was 1.57 μg/mL (trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene) and 0.969 μg/mL
(chlorpheniramine maleate). The calculated recoveries were 100.083-100.287% (trithioparamethoxy
phenylpropene) and 99.827-100.277% (chlorpheniramine maleate). Trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene
and chlorpheniramine maleate were subjected to forced stress like acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis,
thermal and oxidation degradation. The drugs were found to degrade in the applied conditions. The
degraded products were resolved effectively from the trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and
chlorpheniramine maleate. The suggested stability-indicating HPLC method can be used for the
quantitative evaluation of trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and chlorpheniramine maleate in bulk
medications and tablet formulations.
One-Pot Three Component Synthesis of 2-(1H-Benzo[d]thiazole-2-yl)-
N-Arylbenzamides in Glycerol Medium
Authors: Thumula Swathi , Srinivasadesikan Venkatesan , Kottalanka Ravi K. , Rajkumar S. Rex Jeya , Ramchandran Balajee
Published: May 2020

In this work, a series of 2-(1H-benzo[d]thiazole-2-yl)-N-arylbenzamides is synthesized by using diethyl
phthalate, anilines and 2-amino-benzenethiol by one-pot three component synthesis in glycerol medium.
Phosphoric acid is used as an effective reagent for this one-pot three component reaction. This reaction
got completed in a short time, easy workup and gave an excellent yield in glycerol medium. The
N-arylbenzamides was found to have significant cytotoxic potentials against various cancer cells viz.,
A549 (lung cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) using MTT assay. The molecular
docking study is also employed to understand the binding mechanism of N-arylbenzamides against
the antibacterial target. The docking result shows the binding energy of compound 4a is -8.6 kcal/mol.
The binding affinity is a major concern and it shows that Asn and Thr residues have an interaction with
compound 4a.
Hybrid Composite Laminates from UPE/ESOA Blend Reinforced with
Chitosan and Bamboo Fiber: A Study of Mechanical and Thermal Properties
Authors: Mohanty Priyabrata , Behera Dibakar , Panda Shiv kumari , Bastia Tapan Kumar , Rath Prasanta
Published: May 2020

The development of an inter-cross-linked polymer network of thermoset-thermoset blends have been
extensively studied due to their enhanced mechanical properties. Among various polymer blends,
modifications of unsaturated polyester (UPE) resin with epoxidized soybean oil acrylate (ESOA)
combinations are an attractive route to promote the performance of the thermoset matrix and to overcome
the inferior properties of both the components. Biodegradable and effectively accessible chitosan
biodegradable waste material can shape the new stage for cutting-edge innovation items. Blend of
both recyclable fibrous reinforcement and eco-friendly filler with two miscible thermosetting polymers
will provide enhanced properties. At this time, chitosan up to 15 wt% (based on matrix weight) was
utilized as reinforcing filler. At last, an interesting result was built up by confirming that chitosan
filled chemically tailored bamboo and UPE/ESOA (80:20) biocomposites offered enhanced properties
by 10 wt% of filler concentration with the most enhancements in whole properties. They have extensive
variety of applications in the sector of low cost housing, structural projects and structural laminates.
Removal of Methylene Blue Dye using Carbon Derived from
Bulb of Zephyranthes citrina: Adsorption and Kinetic Studies
Authors: Prakash J. , Vedanayaki S. , Karthick K.
Published: May 2020

The studies open up an innovative approach and investigate porous, efficient raw carbon from
Zephyranthes citrina bulb, which was used as an adsorbent to remove organic dyes. The well-dried
and finely powdered Zephyranthes citrina bulb was carbonized at 900 ºC. The carbonized crude Z.
citrina sample was characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET,
X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques and their adsorption potential to remove the basic methylene blue
dye from an aqueous sample. Adsorption studies comprise both adsorption isotherm and kinetic
methods. The processes were carried out with diverse adsorbate concentrations and adsorbent quantities
at various time intervals in the batch process. Kinetic models of Lagergren first order, pseudo-second
order and intra particle diffusion were used to assess the kinetics and adsorption mechanism. The
results revealed that the adsorption process follows the first order kinetic model of Lagergren. The
BET isotherm model confirmed that it has an excellent adsorption capacity in an adsorption process.
Based on the results obtained, the maximum removal (81%) of dye was achieved in a solution containing
50 mg of 50 mL dye at 3 h for methylene blue. The results indicated that the bulb of Zephyranthes
citrina carbon is a proficient adsorption material and is also used as a cost effective alternative that can
adsorb dye from an aqueous solution without activation treatment.
Investigation of Calix[4]arene Molecule on Electroless Ni-P Alloy on Carbon
Steel Substrate and Evaluation of its Corrosion Resistance in 3% NaCl
Authors: M'hanni N. , Galai M. , Anik T. , Touhami M. Ebn , Rifi E.H. , Asfari Z.
Published: May 2020

The autocatalytic nickel bath uses sodium hypophosphite as a reducing agent, sodium citrate as a
complexing agent and sodium acetate as an accelerator. The effect of calix[4]arene molecule type H4L
named (dicarboxylic acid p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene) was studied and used at various concentrations of
10-3 to 10-6 M to improve the microstructure, the microhadness and properties of nickel deposit obtained.
The effect of varying the concentration of H4L, on the deposition rate, the composition, the
microstructure and morphology of chemical deposition was studied. The results showed that depending
on the concentration of calix[4]arene, the deposition rate decreases from 11, to 7.75 μm/h. The
microstructure and microhardness improves significantly at a concentration of 10-6 M of additive. It
was also shown that the coating obtained is adherent and compact and the chemical bath has become
more stable in the presence of calix[4]arenic additives. Indeed, in both cases, the nickel content decreased
with the addition of concentration. This decrease of nickel content might be related to the increase of
deposition rate depending on the concentration. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed peak
intensification in the {111} orientation of plane in the presence of a concentration of 10-6 M; this may
be in agreement with the results of metallographic study which showed that the coatings are adherent
and have a good resistance. Hence, the Vickers microhardness of deposited coatings has a better value
(376 HV) at the concentration 10-6 M. The corrosion resistance in 3% NaCl solution has been proven
at the same concentration as found. Finally, the cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance
spectroscopic studies revealed that the additive strongly influences the cathodic process and affects
slightly oxidation of hypophosphite.
Electrochemical Characterization of Different Layers of
Composite Incorporated Hot-Dip Zinc Coating
Authors: Arunima S.R.
Published: May 2020

The present study beneficially explores nano TiO2 incorporated hot-dip zinc coatings for the enhanced
corrosion protection of steel. Various electrochemical analyses such as open circuit potential (OCP),
electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization studies were adopted
to evaluate the enhanced galvanic performance and the stability of nano TiO2 composite incorporated
coatings. The low corrosion current density and high polarization resistance of tuned composition of
TiO2 incorporated hot-dip zinc coatings confirm its enhanced galvanic and corrosion resistant properties.
The enhanced performance of TiO2 incorporated zinc coating was attributed to the combined effect of
barrier and sacrificial behaviours.
Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking of
1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Kalaivani Panneerselvam , Arikrishnan Jayaraman , Gopalakrishnan Mannuthusamy
Published: May 2020

In this study, a new series of (E)-N-(4-(3-(3,5-dialkylphenyl)acryloyl)phenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-
yl)acetamide (32-41) was synthesized, characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass spectral
analysis and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. The docking study of
the newly synthesized compounds was performed and results showed good binding mode in the active
site of 1T9U protein. The zone of inhibition concentration was tested for the synthesized compounds
against five bacterial and three fungal strains. Compounds 34 and 37 have good antibacterial activity.
Compounds 3, 4 and 6 shows moderate inhibition against the antifungal activity.
Preparation and Characterization of PMMA-AgNPs Polymer Composite as a Dental Prosthesis
Authors: Bendjama Adel , Abu Bakar Mohd Fadzelly , Sabran Siti Fatimah , Durumin Iya Sani Garba
Published: May 2020

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used for centuries in the field of medicine due to the
antimicrobial properties. AgNPs has been synthesized and incorporated in different aspects of
biomaterials. It is reported that AgNPs as a result of its small size, it provides sufficient antimicrobial
effect at lower filler level, thus can be used in dentistry for prevention and reduction of biofilm formation
on a surfaces of dental prosthesis. The purpose of this study is to develop AgNPs antimicrobial acrylic
resin for dental prosthesis. The effect of AgNPs incorporated into acrylic resin poly methyl methacrylate
(PMMA) on the bacterial biofilm was studied in terms of bacterial growth and the incorporating effect
on the thermal stability of these polymeric biocides was evaluated. Silver nanoparticles in colloidal
form was added to PMMA(ONDA-CRYL) using microwave and make four dental prosthesis at the
different concentration. The specimens were delivered to the four toothless patients for 21 days. The
formed biofilm was tested for microbiological study (taxonomic profile). After setting, the specimens
were characterized to determine the spatial distribution of AgNPs on the PMMA matrix through
scanning electron microscope and the thermal stability was examined using TGA and DSC. The
modified PMMA prosthesis base containing AgNPs, which exhibited good in vivo antimicrobial
properties without altering their thermal properties of degradation as well as their mechanical properties
and minimize the maximum infectious signs by reducing the formation of microbial biofilm forming
on the surfaces of dental prostheses. As the modification of PMMA with AgNPs improved the
anti-biofilm properties without altering its mechanical and thermals properties to the degradation, it
could be used as a dental prosthesis.
Dessalinizador solar do tipo cascata aplicado em poços artesianos no interior da Paraíba
Authors: Borba Cardoso Maria Karolina , Vilar de Brito Yohanna Jamilla , Silva Karyna Steffane , Silva Camylla Barbosa , De Lima Carlos Antônio Pereira , De Medeiros Keila Machado
Published: May 2020

Para o consumo humano e as demais atividades domésticas, os moradores do semiárido brasileiro utilizam águas de diversas fontes. Portanto, a análise da qualidade da água é de vital importância, principalmente por utilizarem águas de poços com alto teor de salinidade. Em contrapartida, é um território de elevada incidência de radiação solar, que é fundamental para a dessalinização via energia solar. Desta forma, nesta pesquisa foram realizadas análises físico-químicas de alcalinidade, cloreto, condutividade elétrica, dureza, pH, sódio e turbidez, com o objetivo de determinar a qualidade da água antes e após o processo de dessalinização solar, como também foi avaliado o rendimento do dessalinizador. As águas dessalinizadas apresentaram resultados muito eficientes na remoção dos parâmetros físico-químicos estudados, estando os mesmos de acordo com os padrões de potabilidade exigidos pela Portaria do Ministério da Saúde vigente no país.
Cita directa e indirecta en la construcción narrativa de estudiantes escolares mexicanos
Authors: Alarcón Neve Luisa Josefina
Published: May 2020

En el artículo se presenta un estudio descriptivo-comparativo de los usos de citas directas e indirectas en la narración de estudiantes de distintos niveles escolares. El objetivo era encontrar tendencias en el manejo del discurso reproducido vinculadas con distintos momentos de desarrollo. El corpus de estudio se compone de muestras narrativas orales de 80 escolares (20 participantes por grado, 1º, 3º, 6º y 9o) de distintas escuelas públicas urbanas del centro de México, obtenidas a través de recontar un cuento previamente escuchado y de contar historias presentadas en ilustraciones. Se llevó a cabo un análisis cuantitativo de las citas directas e indirectas en las producciones de cada narrador. Posteriormente se compararon las frecuencias por grado escolar. Dicha comparación se sometió a estadística con R. Los resultados muestran que los más pequeños tienden a reproducir directamente los diálogos del cuento original escuchado e incluyen pocas citas en sus cuentos más autónomos. Los mayores, en cambio, tienden a citar indirectamente en el recuento, generando textos más narrativos, pero en sus cuentos autónomos predomina la cita directa.
Stock Status of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) in Tiworo Strait Waters, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Permatahati Yustika Permatahati Intan , Bugis Nila Nikmatia , Sara La , Hasuba Tezza Fauzan Hasuba
Published: May 2020

The blue swimming crab (BSC) fishery in Tiworo Strait has been heavily exploited since two decades ago when its worldwide demand and price was very high. Study on population aspects of this organism in this waters is limited. The aim of present study was to investigate growth patterns, population stock status, and size at first gonad maturity of Portunus pelagicus. One of the main fishing ground of BSC around Tiworo Strait waters is at Bangko and Gala Islands. Samples of BSC were taken monthly using gillnet and collapsible trap. Each sample taken was identified its sex, measured its carapace width, and weighed. Data collected from fishing ground of BSC were analyzed to find out growth patterns, population stock status using spawning potential ratio (SPR) method, and the first gonad maturity (CW50). The results of study showed that growth patterns of BSC male and female following isometric growth patterns (b=0) (P<0.05). It was found out that SPR of BSC from both fishing ground was 22.46% and 23.71%, respectively which indicates that population stock status of BSC in Tiworo strait waters is “moderate level” (SPR > 20%). The size at first gonad maturity (CW50) was attained at carapace width of 9.16 cm for male and 10.16 cm for female. Those imply that BSCs allowed to be caught should be >10 cm.