bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pyrolysis technology – a promising way of dried manure solids utilization
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Spiridonova Anastasiya V. , Druz'yanova Varvara P. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov,   Arctic State Agrotechnological University – Oktemsky Branch, Osmonov Orozmamat M. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Tarabukina Olga K. ,   North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Sivtseva Zhanna G. ,   Yakutsk Industrial and Pedagogical College
Published: February 2025

Modern animal husbandry in Yakutia is represented mainly by private farms. One
farm contains on average up to 20 heads of cattle. All labor-intensive processes are carried out
manually. The stall period in the region is about eight months. Manure produced is briquetted and
transported to nearby open areas. Due to the fact that farms are located in settlements, at present,
measurable piles of fresh and dry manure have been accumulated around livestock buildings, and
villages are surrounded by randomly arranged heaps. In spring, all this thaws and enters water
bodies, pollutes the land, and harms not only the environment, but also human health. The danger
of insufficiently treated litter-less manure is that it contains a huge variety of microorganisms, the
so-called saprophytes. When they get into certain favorable conditions, some of them turn into
pathogens of diseases such as anthrax, tuberculosis, tetanus, brucellosis, foot-and-mouth disease
and even plague, which have a negative, severe and sometimes inevitably disastrous effect not only
on animals, but also on humans. In this regard, we have presented developments to improve of
technologies for the removal, collection and processing of the resulting litter-less animal manure.
Witness protection program: The experiences of intimidation on state witnesses in South Africa
Authors: Mphaphuli Lucy
Published: February 2025

Intimidation of state witnesses is a serious problem that results in the
inability of the courts to prosecute cases successfully, as witnesses are
afraid to give testimony because they fear for their lives. The study, of
which findings are presented in this paper aimed to explore the experiences
of intimidation of state witnesses in the context of the Witness Protection
Program in South Africa with the objective being to examine how the
intimidation of witnesses affects the outcomes of the courts. Qualitative
research was conducted on a sample of 30 participants, using
non-probability, purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews were
conducted to collect data. Participants were witnesses and staff members in
the South African Witness Protection Program. The findings show that despite
the important role of the Witness Protection Program, some witnesses
experience intimidation during the different stages of the criminal justice
system. The study recommends approaches aimed at reducing the effect of
intimidation on state witnesses.
Dynamics of intimate partner violence - cycle of abuse
Authors: Provic Ivana
Published: February 2025

In an abusive intimate partner relationship, there is a pattern of behaviours
determined by a repetitive change of phases that include periods without
violence, as well as those characterised by different forms of
psychological, physical, sexual and economic violence. Each phase is
characterised by a set of perpetrator?s behaviours that result in reactions
that victims can experience. The sequence of different forms of behaviour is
explained by the concept of a cycle of violence, which is presented in this
paper. In addition to the cyclical pattern, which is associated with
physical incidents of violence, theories also emphasize the role of
psychological abuse in maintaining control and power by the perpetrator.
Emotionally manipulative behaviours such as social isolation, threats of
violence, stalking or belittling contribute to numerous negative
psychological and social consequences that the victim may experience. The
aim of this paper is to present how the dynamic in abusive intimate partner
relationships and other relevant factors contribute to the difficulty in
making a decision to leave the violent relationship, as well as the
long-term and threatening consequences in case the victims leave an abusive
partner.
Challenges in Global Group Audits: Evidence from Component Audit Leaders
Authors: Gold Anna , Trotman Andrew J.
Published: February 2025

SYNOPSIS

Regulators and standard setters have expressed concerns about global group audit (GGA) quality, as deficiencies in group audits account for a significant proportion of all audit deficiencies worldwide. To explore how both the group and component auditor processes and behaviors impact the quality of component audits, we conduct an experiential questionnaire with 86 experienced component audit (CA) leaders. The qualitative responses confirm regulators’ concerns about insufficient involvement of group auditors in the component audit. Specifically, CA leaders experience a lack of group auditor involvement in the staffing, planning, and fieldwork phases of the component audit as well as insufficient review of component auditor work. Regulatory and cultural barriers, along with insufficient fees, pose further challenges for CA teams. However, CA leaders also report positive experiences, perceived to improve audit quality, when group auditors work collaboratively with the CA team during planning and fieldwork.

Data availability: The data are not publicly available. The authors signed a nondisclosure agreement with the Foundation of Audit Research (FAR), and participants were informed that the data were only available to the FAR and the researchers.

JEL Classifications: M42.
Meningskonstruktion under læsning af litterære tekster: Verbal Reports fra elever i læseforståelsesvanskeligheder
Authors: Gøttsche Nina Berg
Published: February 2025

I denne artikel undersøges, hvordan elever i læseforståelsesvanskeligheder konstruerer mening, når de læser litterære tekster. Studiets forskningsinteresse retter sig således mod elevers kognitive læseforståelsesproces under læsning af en særlig teksttype (litterære tekster) i en særlig kontekst (litteraturundervisningen). Følgelig er studiets teoretiske rammeværk flerfokalt og omfatter dels kognitionspsykologisk teori om læseforståelsesprocessen samt sociokognitiv teori om læsning af litterære tekster i en skolekontekst. Gennem metoden Verbal Protocol udskilles tre læserprofiler: infererende læsere, parafraserende læsere og associative læsere, som tilsammen tegner et nuanceret billede af, hvordan læseforståelsesprocessen kommer til udtryk hos elever med læseforståelsesvanskeligheder uden afkodningens mellemkomst.
English abstract
Constructing Meaning While Reading Literary Texts – Verbal Reports From Pupils With Reading Difficulties
This article examines how pupils with reading comprehension difficulties construct meaning as they read literary texts. The study is directed at pupils’ reading comprehension process while reading a particular type of text (literary texts) in a particular context (literature tuition). As a consequence, the study’s theoretical framework includes a cognitive approach regarding the reading process and a socio-cognitive approach regarding literary texts in a school setting. Applying Verbal Protocol as a research method, three reader profiles have been distinguished: inferring readers, paraphrasing readers and associative readers. These provide an opportunity for qualifying our understanding of the comprehension process in pupils with reading comprehension difficulties as they comprehend without decoding.
Meneropong Relevansi Konsep Kebebasan Fichte Terhadap Pandangan Kebebasan dalam Etika Kontemporer
Authors: Aja Dominikus M. , Dedi S. Se Eduardus , Righo Isfridus Damasus , Naibina Gualbertus A.
Published: February 2025

Filsafat abad pertengahan adalah sistem filsafat yang menekankan pentingnya peran wahyu dalam bidang ilmu pengetahuan sehingga  berusaha  untuk  menyintesiskan teologi  Kristen dengan filsafat Yunani. Penekanan yang demikian membuat banyak filsuf melahirkan berbagai pemikiran yang bersifat dogmatis. Pemikiran-pemikiran yang dogmatis selalu mengarah pada konsep  kebebasan  manusia  sebagai  kebebasan  yang  semu  dan  bukan  kebebasan  yang absolut sehingga hidup sesuai dengan determinasi adalah hidup yang baik sedangkan hidup yang sebaliknya adalah keburukan. Konsekuensi dari pemikiran tersebut adalah penghilangan martabat manusia sebagai makhluk yang otonom dan berakal budi. Pemikiran kebebasan yang semu dan dogmatis sangat dikritik dan ditentang oleh Fichte. Melalui berbagai pemikirannya dalam idealisme subjektif dan etika. Fichte menegaskan  bahwa semua manusia adalah makhluk yang bebas dan otonom karena memiliki kesadaran dan akal budi dalam dirinya sendiri. Sebagai makhluk yang otonom dan berakal budi, setiap manusia dapat menentukan hidupnya dengan bebas tanpa ada paksaan dari luar dirinya. Selain itu, kebebasan manusia menurut Fichte adalah kebebasan yang bertanggungjawab terhadap sesama yang lain. Artinya, kebebasan seseorang dalam bertindak tidak boleh melanggar kebebasan orang lain karena semua manusia memilki martabat yang sama. Pemikiran Fichte yang demikian bertolak belakang dengan konsep kebebasan kontemporer yang bersifat individual dan mengabaikan solidaritas sosial. Tulisan ini ingin mengulas tentang konsep kebebasan Fichte dan relevansi terhadap pandang kebebasan dalam etika kontemporer. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan cara studi literatur dalam mengumpulkan data baik primer maupun sekunder tentang pemikiran filsafat dan kebebasan Fichte.
Application of geo-blocking to copyright-protected digital products: In-depth analysis and policy recommendations for EU policy-makers
Authors:   , Cebeci Corum Fatmanur
Published: February 2025

This thesis examines the practice of geo-blocking, which can be defined as the restriction of access to a digital product on the Internet based on the user’s geographical location. With the increased use of the Internet, particularly the growing consumption of digital products, the issue of geo-blocking has become more prominent and integrated into daily life. This study analyses geo-blocking practices under the European Union copyright law, focusing specifically on the Geo-blocking Regulation. Although the Geo-blocking Regulation aimed to resolve the issue of cross-border access to online products, it did not cover copyright-protected products. Consequently, copyright-protected digital products within the European Union may still be subject to geo-blocking, despite the goal of creating a Digital Single Market in the European Union. The geo-blocking debate is examined from various perspectives, exploring the most balanced approach that would support the proper functioning of the European Union internal market while respecting the interests of copyright holders, other rightsholders and users. This study assesses the need to include copyright-protected products within the scope of the Geo-blocking Regulation. To do so, it delves into the copyright law aspects of geo-blocking, particularly territorial licensing, the existing European Union legal framework regarding cross-border access to digital products, the competition law implications of this issue, and the circumvention of geo-blocking measures. In its final analysis, the study concludes that including copyright-protected digital products within the scope of the Geo-blocking Regulation would benefit users, copyrights holders, and the internal market’s proper functioning, albeit with certain limitations.
Knowledge and Family Support on Anxiety Of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialyzed During The Covid-19 Pandemic : A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Lina Liza Fitri , Safitri Alvistiqomah Riani , Eva Oktavidiati  , Efrisnal Dodi , Arifah Siti
Published: February 2025

Hemodialysis is a frequent treatment for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which causes anxiety. The level of anxiety is determined by various factors, including age, knowledge, environment, duration of hemodialysis, and family support. The study aims to investigate the elements that influence patients' anxiety about hemodialysis during the COVID-19 epidemic. This cross-sectional study included 54 patients on hemodialysis at M. Yunus Hospital in Bengkulu. The sample was collected using the purposive sampling technique. Anxiety was measured using a collection of questionnaires, including the Gutman and Likert scales. Data indicated that a majority of patients were females 28 (52.0%), most of them had a diploma education 21 (38.9%), housewives dominated the job 14 (26.0%), more patients were married 26 (48.0%), and the majority of them were Muslim 51 (94.4%). The Pearson chi-square test showed that knowledge and family support influenced patients’ anxiety with a p-value of 0.026 and 0.000, respectively. The level of information and family support had an impact on the anxiety of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis during the Covid-19 epidemic. Research on enhancing knowledge of disease signs, treatment methods, and the value of morning exercise for hemodialysis patients during the COVID-19 pandemic is urgently needed
The Link between Road Infrastructure Quality and Fiscal Decentralization: Evidence from Subnational Indonesia
Authors: Roudo Mohammad , Indriyani Witri , Mahardika Yusuf Cahya , Indratmoko Satria , Anggono Priyo
Published: February 2025

The study on road infrastructure and economic development has been widely discussed, but the relationship between road infrastructure and local fiscal decentralization is still limited. Fiscal decentralization is essential for ensuring sustainable public services and fostering economic development. The study enhances the existing literature by identifying the link between infrastructure development and local fiscal decentralization in Indonesia. The estimate employs a panel fixed-effect approach to address the constant unobservable variable bias. The results show that better road quality is positively and significantly associated with local fiscal decentralization. However, the association varies across subsamples, where districts in the Java region have more robust evidence than districts in the non-Java region.
Investigating the Key Drivers of Career Selection in the Creative Economy Sector
Authors: Panjawa Jihad Lukis , Ratnasari Emma Dwi , Hutajulu Dinar Melani , Samsudin Mohamad , Lestari Puji , Ernawati Dhanik , Purna Fitra Pasapawidya
Published: February 2025

This study focuses on identifying the key determinants that shape individuals' decisions to pursue entrepreneurship within the creative economy sector, specifically in a National Strategic Tourism Area. The research zeroes in on Magelang Regency in 2024, a region with substantial potential for creative economy growth due to its strategic tourism positioning. Employing a probit regression model grounded in utility theory and neoclassical labor choice theory, the study examines how various factors influence the likelihood of participating in the creative economy. The results indicate that higher capital are negatively correlated with participation, while increased availability of local resources enhances the probability of engagement. legality of business entity negatively impacts the probability of choosing to enter the sector. Conversely, heightened perceived competitiveness and lower technological proficiency significantly diminish the likelihood of entry. The research significantly contributes to understanding the determinants of individual entrepreneurial decisions in the creative economy sector within National Strategic Tourism Areas, particularly highlighting the critical roles of partnerships and local resource utilization. These findings underscore the need for targeted policy interventions, such as promoting collaborative business models and improving access to financial and technological resources, to foster equitable growth and enhance participation in the creative economy sector. To foster greater participation in the creative economy, policy interventions should prioritize reducing capital barriers, enhancing resource accessibility, strengthening educational initiatives, and addressing deficiencies in competitiveness and technological skills.
A conceptual framework for the public health monitoring of substance-related harms
Authors: Orpana Heather M. , Enns Aganeta , Striha Megan , George Diana , Yusuf Abban , Hughes Stephanie L. , Li Le , Thompson Laura H.
Published: February 2025

Executive summary

The drug toxicity crisis in Canada and elsewhere has increased the need for timely and relevant data to inform policies and programs aimed at mitigating substance-related harms. While a number of monitoring systems addressing specific components of substance use and related harms in Canada exist, they are not guided by an overarching conceptual framework. This evidence-informed policy brief describes the development of a conceptual framework for the public health monitoring of substance-related harms. The resulting framework includes four primary topic areas (risk and protective factors, substance use, health supporting systems and substance-related harms and benefits) four cross-cutting topic areas (life course, equity, substance use stigma and mental and physical health and illness) and two overarching considerations (respectful use of data and engagement). This framework can be used to organize existing activities and to identify data and monitoring gaps for further development.
The increase in risk classification using Canada’s Guidance on Alcohol and Health: an empirical examination in a sample of community adults in Ontario
Authors: Belisario Kyla L. , Doggett Amanda , MacKillop James
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The 2023 Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction drinking guidelines specify a universal low-risk threshold of 2 or fewer drinks per week, lower than previous guidelines that recommended no more than 10 drinks per week or 2 per occasion for females, and 15 per week or 3 per occasion for males. This study examined the increases in risk classification and perceptions of these new guideline thresholds.

Methods

Prevalence of those exceeding the new low-risk threshold was compared with that of previous and other international guidelines in an observational cohort of community adults (N = 1502) from southern Ontario who had been followed since 2018 (11 waves of data collection). To examine awareness of the new guidelines and perceived risk of drinking beyond them, a follow-up was conducted with a subset of the cohort, three months after the release of the guidelines (April 2023).

Results

Across waves, on average, 52% exceeded the new low-risk threshold compared to 11% who exceeded previous guidelines. Other international guidelines classified, on average, 16% (US), 20% (UK) and 29% (WHO) of the sample as exceeding low-risk guidelines. Approximately half of study participants (51%) were aware of Canada’s new guidelines, but 77% perceived exceeding 2 drinks per week as having little to no risk.

Conclusion

Over four times more adults exceeded the new low-risk drinking threshold compared to that of the previous Canadian guidelines. Additionally, more were classified as exceeding the new low-risk threshold compared to other international drinking thresholds. These results, combined with low perceptions of risk associated with consuming more than 2 drinks per week, suggest that many Canadians are at risk of exceeding the new guidelines.
Medio ambiente y derecho penal
Authors: Terragni Marco Antonio
Published: February 2025

El artículo refiere a algunos aspectos de los bienes jurídicos protegidos por esta rama del Derecho Penal y a las carencias que presenta por razón de dificultades metodológicas que parecen insalvables.
Enseñanzas de la prescripción adquisitiva en clave convencional
Authors: Alberdi Imas Luana
Published: February 2025

La prescripción adquisitiva es un instituto cuyo origen se remonta a la época de los romanos, y tiene un enorme impacto práctico en la actualidad, dado que sanea las causas de adquisición de un derecho real y por ello goza de un atractivo particular. En el presente trabajo se profundizará el estudio de casos especiales.
impulso de la instrucción constitucional en España y Argentina: análisis comparado y propuestas de mejora
Authors: Parra Gómez David
Published: February 2025

La idea misma de Constitución comporta la necesidad de que la comunidad política que ordena la conozca, lo cual únicamente puede lograrse mediante una adecuada enseñanza de la Carta Magna en los niveles educativos preuniversitarios. Así lo entendieron, con acierto, los primeros liberales españoles cuando, por primera vez en la historia del constitucionalismo, incluyeron en la Constitución de 1812 la preceptiva instrucción sobre la misma en el nivel secundario del sistema educativo, genuina aportación del texto gaditano que persiste tímidamente el constitucionalismo hispanoamericano. Y así lo ha entendido recientemente el gobierno Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia a raíz del exitoso proyecto Olimpiada Constitucional, pionero en España, puesto en marcha hace siete años por profesores del área de Derecho Constitucional de la Universidad de Murcia con el fin de acercar el ideario constitucional y la Constitución española de 1978 a los alumnos de la educación secundaria obligatoria de esta región mediante la fórmula de la olimpiada científica, y que muy bien podría inspirar proyectos semejantes en la República Argentina como medio para reforzar la cultura constitucional en este país hermano.
Regular o no regular la acción de clase: el dilema y la inseguridad jurídica
Authors: Muñoz Matias Oscar
Published: February 2025

La idea de establecer normas procesales para los procesos colectivos en general y, consecuentemente, para las denominadas acciones de clase en particular, parece aun encontrarse en fases embrionarias. En efecto, las únicas guías radican en las acordadas de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de la Nación -cuya validez constitucionalidad puede ser cuestionada-, así como también en normas sustantivas como la Ley de defensa del consumidor y en las disposiciones procesales sancionadas a tal efecto por algunas Provincias. Esa orfandad regulatoria queda expuesta en los precedentes. El dilema entre limitar el dispositivo previsto constitucionalmente y, a su vez, la existencia de inseguridad jurídica derivada de la inexistencia de reglas aptas para un proceso de estas características debe ser superado.
Comentarios a los artículos 421 y 422 del Código Nacional de Procedimientos Penales de México
Authors: Nájera González Xavier
Published: February 2025

El trabajo se centra en comentar los artículos que fundamentan la responsabilidad de las personas jurídicas en México. En ese sentido, se habla sobre la importancia que tiene el cumplimiento normativo y la gestión de riesgos, como una forma de blindaje empresarial, para evitar que éstas, sean sancionadas penalmente. Finalmente, se advierte sobre la necesidad de hacer una adecuada individualización de la pena por parte del juzgador penal, para evitar subjetividades que se advierten en algunos parámetros de la ley.
Análisis de las designaciones (con juramento y posesión efectiva del cargo) de jueces en la provincia de Buenos Aires en el bienio 2021-2022
Authors: Taglianetti Esteban Federico
Published: February 2025

La presente investigación tuvo como objeto determinar la cantidad de días corridos que insumió la designación de los jueces que juraron y tomaron efectiva posesión de sus cargos en el Poder Judicial de la provincia de Buenos Aires durante el bienio 2021-2022 y, a su vez, precisar el número de magistrados que cesaron en sus funciones en el mismo período. Ello con la finalidad de ponderar el procedimiento en su faz práctica, su capacidad de respuesta, cuantificar y describir las intervenciones de los sujetos implicados -Consejo de la Magistratura, Poder Ejecutivo, Senado y Poder Judicial-, individualizar las dificultades, estudiar el desfasaje entre los “ingresos” y los “egresos”, y obtener y sistematizar datos relevantes que permitan enfrentar los problemas detectados.
Comentarios sobre la constitucionalidad del sistema jubilatorio de personas magistradas nacionales
Authors: Balbín Adolfo Nicolás
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se efectúo un estudio crítico del actual régimen previsional para personas magistradas nacionales, especialmente del recaudo atinente al cese definitivo exigido por la Ley 24.108 y su reglamentación, planteando que en aquel cuadro normativo, media una contradicción con derechos plasmados en la Constitución Nacional, sobre todo en alusión al derecho a la seguridad social, la razonabilidad, el derecho a trabajar y a la propiedad, y las garantías del artículo 110 de la norma cimera. De tal forma, la perspectiva analítica seleccionada propende a la combinación de aportes provenientes del derecho de la seguridad social y la rama constitucional, postulándose como conclusiones la necesidad de pensar en propuestas de reformas que mejoren el acápite criticado, a partir de reconocer el carácter fundamental del derecho a la seguridad social, junto a los deberes esenciales que en ese campo gravan la actuación estatal.
exposición como estrategia de enseñanza en la formación de abogados: aproximaciones desde el campo
Authors: Cappelletti Graciela Laura
Published: February 2025

Los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la universidad pueden analizarse desde la perspectiva de lo que ocurre en un aula: esto implica hacer foco en la interacción y el encuentro dialéctico con el docente y con el objeto de conocimiento; y en la interacción con otros estudiantes. El objetivo de este paper, que forma parte del trabajo de tesis doctoral, es indagar las experiencias de clase que se configuran en estas situaciones de aula. En particular, el foco está puesto en analizar las competencias que se promueven en los estudiantes y el alcance de la enseñanza de las prácticas en relación con la teoría. Se promueve el análisis de estos aspectos a partir de observaciones de clases de asignaturas de ciclo intermedio de una universidad pública de gestión estatal en Argentina, considerando tanto a las acciones de enseñanza como las actividades propuestas a los estudiantes en sus clases.
Consideraciones en torno a las audiencias públicas y aportes para su optimización
Authors: Asís Damasco Luis
Published: February 2025

En el presente artículo, analizamos el instituto de la audiencia pública, dúctil herramienta que combina la participación social, y la tarea legislativa.  Asimismo, trazamos un esbozo de su fundamentación que, enfocado desde el trialismo jurídico, creemos que se le puede dotar del marco epistemológico necesario que le provea, junto con una adecuada y pertinente participación, de la sistematicidad y organicidad que ampliará su potencial actual.
función jurisdiccional y el principio de inmediación: reflexiones sobre el rol del juez en el proceso oral
Authors: Carrera Cecilia Soledad
Published: February 2025

En el año 2015 comenzó un proceso de transformación del sistema judicial argentino, a partir del Programa Justicia 2020. El objetivo era la democratización de la Justicia para consolidar el Estado de Derecho y de asegurar la efectiva tutela de los derechos y libertades de los ciudadanos. En lo referido a la justicia civil se planteó la implementación del proceso oral. En la provincia de Córdoba, a partir de 2019, se instauró el proceso civil por audiencias o juicio oral. Éste supuso un nuevo contexto procesal para los jueces, viéndose modificado su rol, principalmente en torno al principio de inmediación.
El cine: la ficción impulsa al espectador a reflexionar sobre su propia realidad
Authors: De Dios Flavio
Published: February 2025

Una película que relata la pelea judicial entre un pequeño agricultor canadiense enfrentándose a Monsanto, me permite reflexionar sobre el camino que ha comenzado a desandar la Ley de Semillas en Argentina, limitando el uso propio a partir del  dictado de varias resoluciones.
Lone-Actor terrorism in Europe
Authors:   PhD candidate, Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence (CSTPV), University of St Andrews, Craciunas Ovidiu , Muro Diego ,   Senior Lecturer in International Relations, Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence (CSTPV), University of St Andrews
Published: February 2025

Terrorist attacks carried out by lone individuals, with no direct affiliation to terrorist groups, referred to as lone-actor terrorism, represent a very distinct challenge for European societies. Generally lacking the complexity of plots carried out by terrorist groups, lone-actor terrorism can still cause numerous casualties and have significant impact.

How can we recognise lone-actor terrorism when we see it? What does this threat look like in the context of Europe? How can governments address this challenge and what can we expect in the future? This article provides a brief overview of the phenomenon in 21st century Europe.
As travessias da literatura Kadiwéu: um estudo sobre aspectos da tradição e da modernidade indígenas
Authors: Santos Carolina Barbosa Lima e , Ramos Wellington Furtado
Published: February 2025

Impulsionados pelo desejo de contribuir com as reflexões relacionadas ao imaginário contemporâneo dos povos originários brasileiros, apresentamos neste trabalho, desenvolvido sob o viés dos estudos literários, em diálogo com outras áreas do conhecimento, uma discussão sobre a expressão literária proposta pelo povo Kadiwéu. Sob o viés das “humanidades ambientais”, apresentado por Sayre e Löwy, em Anticapitalismo romântico e natureza (2021), buscamos problematizar de forma integrada questões em torno da ecologia, da literatura e das relações sociais estabelecidas no mundo moderno. No que diz respeito à questão estética, notamos que a literatura desta comunidade, habitante da fronteira entre o Brasil e o Paraguai, propõe a ampliação de conceitos estabelecidos em manuais de Teoria Literária, tais como as convenções relacionadas à autoria e aos gêneros literários. Para compreender estas propostas artísticas, historicamente negligenciadas em meio às universidades brasileiras, faz-se necessário desenvolvermos instrumentos teóricos eficazes para a promoção de um diálogo efetivo entre indígenas e não indígenas na contemporaneidade. Em um esforço de contribuir com a difusão e a compreensão da expressão literária Kadiwéu, estruturamos nossas reflexões em um diálogo interdisciplinar com alguns dos estudos propostos por intelectuais como o antropólogo Darcy Ribeiro; o filósofo Ailton Krenak; e as críticas literárias Julie Dorrico e Florencia Garramuño; além dos estudiosos anteriormente citados, Robert Sayre e Michael Löwy
Przeciw wykluczeniu. Amerykański przykład omawiania lektury - "Zabić drozda" Harper Lee
Authors: Kania Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

In the Polish and American education systems, the approach to discussing a literary work as a school obligatory reading is treated differently. One of the most popular novels discussed in the US is To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. An institution called Facing History and Ourselves has prepared a comprehensive set of materials for teachers entitled Teaching Mockingbird. Study Guide. Its strengths include a multi-aspect approach to a novel with complex themes (racism, justice, morality), talking about the past, but also being a testimony to the times in which it was created. The authors of the study emphasize the responsible attitude of the teacher who deals with difficult topics, as well as such involvement of students in unhurried and careful reading, so that they can see its literary and formative values, referring to the personal experiences of each reader. Such a model of reading is worth considering in Polish literary education, where the current excess of obligatory readings does not allow for similar solutions.
Czego może nauczyć łodzik? (Eko)krytyczne czytanie "Ody do młodości"
Authors: Wójcik-Dudek Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

The author attempts a new reading of Adam Mickiewicz's classic poem for Polish language education. He notes that the phenomenon of youth created by Romanticism may prove not only useless, but also harmful to the reflection on the contemporary concept of solidarity. The researcher points out that the negative protagonist of Ode to Youth – „an amphibian in a shell”, which until now has been a metaphor for egoism – demands reinterpretation in the spirit of ecocriticism and engaged humanities.
Solidarność w potrzebie. Nauczycielskie inicjatywy edukacyjne w czasie pandemii na przykładzie wybranych aktywności w Sieci
Authors: Latoch-Zielińska Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

The coronavirus pandemic and the world's unprecedented standstill have affected many spheres of life. The closure of schools and the shift to remote teaching, which had not been practiced on such a scale before, revealed many problems at all stages of education. The pandemic forced, as it were, an abrupt transition from the familiar and applied didactics of the digital era (Polak, 2014) to the world of "total remote" education. The first studies on online education have already appeared. The article presents the results of a study of social media education initiatives carried out by teachers of Polish during the pandemic. The scale of teachers' activity in this sphere shows their creativity and innovation, as well as their professional solidarity in the face of the challenges posed by remote education.
Co polonistyka (szkolna) ma wspólnego z polskością, czyli jaką wspólnotę budują lekcje czytania?
Authors: Bobiński Witold
Published: February 2025

The paper tackles the issue of building a community during the Polish Language Arts lessons. Speaking of it we usually think of Polish national community, based on classical Polish novels and poetry. But the long list of books that are obligatory to read at schools does not help build the community – pressure to read does not work. In addition, national community (built solely on patriotic values) is not one that young people – pupils and students – want to be part of. Hundred thousands of youngsters of non Polish nationalities attend our schools. Common reading and debating of literature, that is taking place on PLA lessons, has the power to create community that doesn’t exclude anyone, that is open and inclusive. Teaching literature in itself is more important than the content of it. That is what author tries to articulate.
Solidarność jako wartość w dydaktyce polonistycznej
Authors: Morawska Iwona
Published: February 2025

The topic signaled in the title constitutes an integral part of general and Polish language content at every stage of education. It is related to the realization of goals and tasks that motivate students to explore values of crucial importance to human life. One of these values is solidarity. The article presents theoretical findings regarding the ways of understanding this category in scientific discourse and social communication. The subject of a broader discussion is the results of an educational diagnosis, focusing on schoolchildren' statements about solidarity, its significance, forms, and indicators. In addition, the article references several methodological solutions associated with the ethos of solidarity within literary education. In the summary, several general conclusions and reflections on the title issue are formulated.
Nie ma uczniów – są ludzie. O podmiotowości na lekcjach języka polskiego w świetle wypowiedzi przyszłych nauczycieli polonistów
Authors: Stachoń Maria
Published: February 2025

This article addresses the issue of subjectivity in Polish language lessons. In this context, the considerations of future Polish language teachers become relevant. Therefore, the author conducted a diagnostic survey among first­year Polish philology students on the subjectivity of a pupil in Polish language lessons. The respondents presented, among other things, their own understanding of the concept of subjectivity, highlighted a number of determinants of subjectivity in cultural­literary and linguistic education, and identified when a pupil can feel like a subject and when this feeling can be threatened. Furthermore, they suggested ways to foster the subjectivity of pupils in Polish language lessons.
Człowiek i miejsce w edukacji polonistycznej – między tworzeniem więzi a nakładaniem więzów
Authors: Pławecka Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

This publication is part of the research conducted in the field of regional teaching of Polish. It shows the discrepancy between ministerial directives and school practice. The omission of appropriate provisions in the General Education Core Curriculum of 2017, which gave no time for reading practice during Polish lessons, was considered unfavourable for the teaching of humanities. The current document ignores the importance of the cultural values of the family environment of students and their immediate region; no mention was made of the possibilities that come from appreciating the important relationships between the student and the complex nature of the territory in which they live.
An attempt was made to signal this gap metaphorically in the title of the publication (“[…] Between Creating Bonds and Socialisation”). Analytical considerations are accompanied by a detailed reflection on education and upbringing in the spirit of modern regionalism. This brings tangible benefits when the content of regional Polish studies is implemented in accordance with the directives of anthropocentric cultural education, respecting the individuality of young people.
Contratos inteligentes utilizando a Tecnologia Blockchain
Authors: Nabinger Elisandro Cristmann , Zanoni Roberto , Ruffatto Juliane
Published: February 2025

A evolução tecnológica e a constante necessidade de seus usuários em relação a conectividade e velocidade, surge os contratos inteligentes ou smart contracts como meio de realizar as transações de forma mais ágil, prática e segura entre seus usuários excluindo o intermediário ou um órgão validador. O objetivo deste trabalho é apontar a ausência de uma regulamentação comum, e as dificuldades relacionadas a sua usabilidade no que tange os aspectos legais de privacidade e recursos disponíveis para sua utilização. Por meio do método de pesquisa qualitativa, é apresentado a origem da tecnologia dos smart contracts, sua ligação com a blockchain, e uma visão atual da legislação com ênfase no Brasil. Neste sentido houve a necessidade de uma análise comparativa neutra dos prós e contras no uso desta tecnologia em relação aos seus usuários, visto que ainda não há um consenso sobre a legislação.
Literacia em dados para saúde
Authors: Voltz Thales De Oliveira , Zanoni Roberto , Ruffatto Juliane
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a importância do desenvolvimento da literacia em dados dentro das organizações, principalmente no segmento da saúde onde ocorre um crescimento exponencial no seu uso, visando impulsionar estratégias e aumentar a eficiência operacional. São apresentados elementos e fatores que influenciam o desenvolvimento deste aculturamento, bem como os benefícios e desafios para sua implementação. O presente artigo acompanha um estudo de caso, que aborda a aplicação e disseminação da abordagem centrada em dados na cooperativa Unimed Porto Alegre, através do programa piloto chamado “Data Lab” que visa trabalhar a alfabetização em dados dentro da organização.
Palavras-chave: alfabetização em dados, cultura analítica, literacia em dados, estratégia, eficiência operacional, tomada de decisão
Time-Dependent Satellite Explosion Probabilities for Long-Term Orbital Debris Environment Modeling
Authors: Manis Alyssa P. , Matney Mark J. , Anz-Meador Phillip D. , Vavrin Andrew B.
Published: February 2025

On-orbit accidental explosions are a significant contributor to the growth of the orbital debris population. Certain types of satellites have been seen to exhibit different behaviors and timelines of explosions. Recent assessments of on-orbit explosions for three categories of satellites—Russian Sistema Obespecheniya Zapuska (SOZ, Proton 4th-stage attitude and ullage motors) units, spacecraft, and rocket bodies—suggest that on-orbit explosions can be modeled using a continuous, time-dependent probability of explosion. This paper discusses the methodology for developing a time-dependent probability of explosion as a function of the satellite’s orbital lifetime based on historical explosions. The SOZ units are found to be best modeled by a modified Gaussian probability distribution, with the peak probability of explosion occurring around 10.4 years on-orbit. Spacecraft and rocket bodies both exhibit exponentially decaying explosion probabilities, with rocket bodies showing fast-, medium-, and slow-time modes of decay. Total cumulative probabilities of explosion are approximately 57% for SOZ units, 4% for spacecraft, and 2% for rocket bodies. Examples of implementation in a simulation of the orbital debris environment using NASA’s long-term evolutionary model are given, showing that the overall explosion behavior over two centuries is significantly different from that using a previously implemented constant-probability-type-dependent explosion rate model and provides a better representation of the historical explosion record.
Noise Reduction of Distributed Propulsion by Optimized Phase Synchronization
Authors: Liu Hanru , Zhao Xingyu , Li Jiahui , Feng Yuyao , Zhang Lin
Published: February 2025

Distributed propulsion systems with high aerodynamic efficiency and low noise have received extensive attention in recent years. A highly efficient prediction method for aerodynamic noise based on lifting line theory combined with the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings method is developed. The noise prediction method is validated through computational fluid dynamics and experimental results. By using phase delay processing at the observation location to superimpose sound pressure signals, multisource noise for ducted fans is investigated. The developed noise prediction method is used to assess fan noise reduction through phase synchronization. The phase angles are optimized by a genetic algorithm to minimize overall noise radiation. For the aircraft configuration considered in this paper, through phase synchronization in distributed propulsion systems, the overall sound pressure level can be reduced by 2.14 dB in the ground radiation area and 1.22 dB on the cabin wall. For variations of [Formula: see text] of the incoming velocity or 5% of the phase angle, noise reduction effects on the objective area are maintained. However, noise reduction of phase synchronization is sensitive to the distance between the axes of two adjacent fans, and under the off-design installation condition it can cause a decline of 6.07% of the noise reduction effect.
Data-Driven Analysis of Tortuous Gas Turbine Inlet Truncation to Reduce Computational Cost
Authors: Bond Evan H. , Key Nicole L.
Published: February 2025

To computationally simulate the flow profile at the aerodynamic interface plane of a compressor coupled with a tortuous inlet system, copious amounts of computational power are required if the ducting is modeled in its entirety. Numerous computational fluid dynamic studies have truncated the inlet system at different locations, however, the full implications of this decision on the distortion profile have not been delineated, nor is there strong substantiation in open literature to justify this modeling choice. This paper analyzes the effects of this decision. Experimental inlet distortion data from an auxiliary power unit inlet system installed onto the Single Stage Centrifugal Compressor facility were utilized to determine model performance. The experimental distortion data were utilized to assess the modeling capabilities of a reduced computational model that was truncated at the radial-to-axial inlet plenum compared to a full-fidelity simulation modeling the inlet system in its entirety. The results demonstrate that if the inlet system terminates in a radial-to-axial inlet plenum with subsonic flow, then only modeling this component with a uniform total pressure deficit at the inlet of the plenum provides comparable results to a full-fidelity simulation while drastically reducing model size.
Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on Generic Scramjet Combustor Operation
Authors: Braun Erik L. , Hammack Stephen D. , Ombrello Timothy M.
Published: February 2025

Parameters such as fuel injector orientation, fuel flow rate, and stagnation temperature affect scramjet engine operation. In this work, three fuel injection methods were used to supply the combustor of a generic cavity-based scramjet flowpath with gaseous ethylene: upstream normal (up1), upstream angled (up2), and downstream normal (down1). Various combinations of fuel flow rates and fuel injection methods were explored using two stagnation temperatures ([Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) and one stagnation pressure ([Formula: see text]) for a Mach-1.8 facility nozzle. The pre-ignition local equivalence ratio ([Formula: see text]) in the cavity was leaner and less sensitive to global [Formula: see text] with up1 fueling than up2 fueling. For reacting conditions, up1 fueling required a higher global [Formula: see text] than up2 fueling to obtain the same specific stream thrust metric, calculated from pressure measurements along the flowpath. Redistributing fuel from up2 to down1 resulted in a lower specific stream thrust metric, but redistribution from up1 to down1 produced a higher specific stream thrust metric. The range of attainable global [Formula: see text] shifted to richer values with a step increase in stagnation temperature due to the reduced ratio of heat release from a given quantity of fuel relative to the total flow enthalpy.
Understanding High-Speed Aeroelastic Stability of a Gimballed Proprotor
Authors: Akinwale Akinola , Datta Anubhav
Published: February 2025

A 4.75-ft-diameter dynamically scaled proprotor was tested on a semispan wing pylon in airplane mode up to high speeds of 200 kt. Aeroelastic stability data was acquired at two wind tunnels: Navy Carderock tunnel and the University of Maryland Glenn L. Martin tunnel, and for two hub configurations: gimballed and gimbal locked. The data consisted of frequency and damping of beam, chord, and torsion modes of the coupled rotor–wing-pylon system at a Froude-scale rpm of 1050. The eigenvalues were extracted with moving-block and Prony methods and were compared. The tests shed light on the nature of roots in high-speed tiltrotor flight. The key conclusions were the following: 1) the beam and chord damping for the gimballed rotor remained low, around 1–2%; 2) torsion damping was higher, around 3–6%; 3) the gimbal-locked condition increased chord and torsion damping significantly and also changed their trends with speed; 4) the model remained flutter-free up to 200 kt, which is equivalent to 458 kt in full scale; and 5) moving block and Prony are methods equally effective for extracting damping from time-series data for these test conditions.