bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Eevaluasi Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an Bagi Guru untuk Anak Usia Dini di TK Al-Hikmah Desa Baru Siak Hulu Kampar
Authors: Yenni Yunita  , Quratul Ain Siti , Nabila Restu , Anggun  , Safitri Ria
Published: June 2024

PKM ini berupa pelatihan bagi Guru dalam meningkatan Evaluasi Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an terhadap Anak Usia Dini. Sebagai seorang Pendidik termasuk Guru pada level Anak Usia Dini  hendaknya bisa menanamkan kecintaan yang tinggi terhadap Al-Qur’an dan berusaha mempelajarinya dengan baik dan benar serta mengamalkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelajaran Al-Qur’an ini hendaknya dimulai sejak Anak Usia Dini agar timbul rasa cinta dan keinginan pada diri anak untuk mempelajari Al-Qur’an. Apabila sudah muncul keinginan yang kuat untuk mempelajari Al-Qur’an dalam diri anak maka pengenalan dasar-dasar pembelajaran Al-Qur’an akan lebih mudah oleh Guru dalam mengajarkannya kepada Anak Usia Dini. Kemudian untuk melihat dan mengukur kemampuan anak dalam menghafalkan surat-surat pendek dan do’a-doa harian di laksanakan dengan PAIKEM (Pembelajaran Aktif Inovatif Kreatif Efektif dan Menyenangkan) maka perlu bagi guru meningkatkan evaluasi pembelajaran Al-Qur’an  agar tujuan pembelajaran Al-Qur’an dapat di capai dengan maksimal.Adapun lokasi Pengabdian masyarakat ini di laksanakan di  TK Al-Hikmah Desa Baru Siak Hulu Kampar. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan dan penguatan kepada Guru dalam  membimbing anak agar terbiasa dalam membaca dan menghafalkan Al-Qur’an dengan fasih dan lancar sesuai dengan makhraj dan tajwid yang benar sehingga tujuan pembelajaran Al-Qur’an tercapai dengan maksimal.
Sosialisasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Singkong (Manihot Utilissima) Sebagai Bioetanol Untuk Pencegahan Paraffin Wax Pada Sumur Produksi Minyak Bumi
Authors: Rita Novia , Musrsyidah  , Mairizki Fitri , Farda Rafid
Published: June 2024

Salah satu permasalahan produksi yang sering terjadi pada lapangan minyak bumi, yaitu adanya gangguan paraffin wax. Wax sendiri merupakan senyawa hidrokarbon dengan berat molekul yang besar dan mudah terendapkan mulai dari sekitar dasar sumur hingga ke permukaan. Pengendapan wax itu sendiri terjadi ketika sebagian besar komponen hidrokarbon ringan terpisahkan dari minyak bumi dan juga disebabkan akibat terjadinya penurunan temperature. Wax yang terendapkan dan membentuk sumbatan terhadap aliran minyak menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempercepat penurunan produktivitas sumur minyak bumi. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan wax pada sumur minyak bumi, dapat dilakukan dengan metode thermal, mekanis, dan chemical. Namun pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode chemical, yaitu dengan penginjeksian bioethanol sebagai solvent, yang mana solvent pada umumnya dapat digunakan untuk melarutkan endapan paraffin wax.
Pemilihan kulit singkong pada pembuatan bioethanol dalam penelitian ini karena kandungan selulosa yang tinggi.
COMMUNICATION OF THE COVID-19 TASK FORCE IN INCREASING PUBLIC COMPLIANCE WITH HEALTH PROTOCOL IN PEKANBARU CITY
Authors: Lestari Suci Shinta , Rahma Nurazizah , Wirman Welly , Yazid Tantri
Published: June 2024

The people of Indonesia and even the world are faced with an outbreak of a dangerous, contagious, and deadly virus called Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Its presence has been around for quite a while, starting in 2019 and now having developed into the Omicron Variant, which was first detected in South Africa (https://www.bbc.com). This research uses a qualitative type of research with a focus on studies, especially on how the communication used by the Pekanbaru City COVID-19 handling task force improved community compliance to comply with health protocols. Qualitative methods are research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behaviors. The results of this study indicate that the Task Force for Handling COVID-19 has a variety of strategies and patterns to perform functions both preventive and persuasive to residents. In addition to communicating with the community, the Task Force also formed an organizational structure to support the implementation of various programs, one of which was resilient villages. This structure involves the central government, local governments, in this case the mayor, and his ranks.
WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN SARI REJO VILLAGE, MEDAN POLONIA SUB-DISTRICT, AND MEDAN CITY
Authors: Lubis Ikmaluddin , Sihombing Sally Marisa
Published: June 2024

Medan is one of the cities that has a serious waste problem. As a response to this problem, Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2015 was issued to manage waste in the city of Medan. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of waste management policies in Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia District, and Medan City. The research method used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach, collecting data, information, or knowledge through in-depth interviews. Determination of informants is done by purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation related to the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2015 in Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia District, and Medan City. From the results of the study, it is known that the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2015 in Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia District, and Medan City is still not optimal. The reason is the absence of a mayoral regulation as a derivative of a regional regulation to serve as an executor in the field. The absence of a mayoral regulation makes the sanctions contained in regional regulations weak. In terms of resources, there are still various obstacles, such as a lack of human resources, equipment resources, and budget resources. Meanwhile, in terms of disposition and bureaucratic structure, it is quite good to promote the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2015 in Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia District, and Medan City.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FAMILY PLANNING VILLAGE PROGRAM IN GAHARU VILLAGE, EAST MEDAN SUB-DISTRICT
Authors: Trisnasari Desi , Nasution Muhammad Arifin
Published: June 2024

The Family Planning Village (KB) program is one of the government's programs in the form of strategic innovation in implementing the priority activities of the Family Planning and Family Development (KKBPK) population program as a whole in the field. One of the implementations of the KB Village policy was carried out in the Gaharu Village, East Medan District. information about the community. This study aims to see how the implementation of the KB village program in the Gaharu sub-district, East Medan District. The research method used is descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. . The data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively by examining all the data that had been collected which was supported by the results of interviews with a theoretical approach according to Edward there were four variables in policy implementation namely; communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure. From the research results it can be seen that there are still obstacles in process in implementing the KB Village Program. communication with the public is still relatively minimal. This resulted in the community not understanding the purpose of the KB Village program. The management has been provided with coaching and training, but there are still some managers who do not understand their duties and responsibilities. There is no commitment from the implementor to continue implementing the KB Village Program. The lack of management commitment to achieving common goals is also an obstacle in implementation.
THE INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE, PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRICE PERCEPTION ON THE DECISION TO PURCHASE SECOND CLOTHING AT THE SENGGOL DUMAI MARKET
Authors: Chania Santika , Juliana
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine the influence of lifestyle, product quality and price perceptions on purchasing second-hand clothing at Dumai's Senggol Market. The type of research used is quantitative. The population used in this research is consumers who have previously purchased second-hand clothing at Senggol Dumai Market. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method, totalling 100 respondents. After passing the validity, reliability and classical assumption tests, the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this research partially state that lifestyle and price perception positively and significantly influence the decision to purchase second-hand clothing at Senggol Dumai Market. In contrast, product quality positively but not significantly influences the decision to purchase second-hand clothing at Senggol Dumai Market. Simultaneously, lifestyle, product quality and price perception significantly influence purchasing decisions.
MAXIMIZING MANAGEMENT AND UTILIZATION OF VILLAGE CASH LAND AND LAND OF PELUNGGUH WARD GUWOSARI PAJANGAN
Authors: Riyanto  , Muhammad Adji Suradji
Published: June 2024

This research is entitled "Maximizing the Management and Utilization of Village Treasury Land and Plungguh Land in Guwosari Pajangan Subdistrict." This research aims to find out how to optimize the management of the village treasury and pelungguh land rentals managed by the Village Head in Bantul Regency, solving problems in managing lunch land rentals by the Village Head. His party will also determine what efforts are being made to overcome problems related to land rental by the village head in Guwosari Village (Bantul Regency). This research uses empirical methods focusing on facts in the field; secondary data support primary data. The data obtained from respondents and resource persons will be analyzed qualitatively. This research concludes that optimizing the management of Pelungguh land rentals is quite good, even though there are obstacles in its management
EVALUATION OF BENGKULU PROVINCE REGIONAL REGULATION NUMBER 02 OF 2018 CONCERNING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC ORDER, COMMUNITY PEACE, AND COMMUNITY PROTECTION (STUDY OF STREET VENDORS IN THE PANORAMA TRADITIONAL MARKET OF BENGKULU CITY)
Authors: Fitriansyah Subhan , Harmiati  , Darmawati Edi
Published: June 2024

This study aims to evaluate the Regional Regulation of Bengkulu Province Number 02 Year 2018 regarding Public Order Management, Community Peace, and Community Protection, specifically in the context of street vendors in Panorama Traditional Market, Bengkulu City. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach and a case study method. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation and then analyzed descriptively. The findings reveal that the socialization of the regulation has been implemented by the Regional Public Order Agency of Bengkulu Province, although not fully executed. Sanctions for violating the regulations include warnings, written notices, cessation or dismantling of operations, and fines. The evaluation concludes that the Regional Regulation of Bengkulu Province Number 02 Year 2018 is in line with the principles of governance and does not conflict with legal perspectives. However, it is recommended that the Regional Public Order Agency of Bengkulu Province be more consistent and effective in enforcing the regulation. At the same time, the local government needs to enhance coordination with the agency. Furthermore, street vendors in Panorama Traditional Market, Bengkulu
QUALITY OF POPULATION ADMINISTRATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION SERVICES AT THE OFFICE OF THE POPULATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION OFFICE SOUTH BENGKULU
Authors: Febrizal Rozi , Harmiati  , Purnawan Heru
Published: June 2024

Public service is an activity carried out by an agency/organization within an agency that will be used as an effort to meet the needs of the community. Purpose: this research is to determine the quality of Population Administration and Civil Registry services at the South Bengkulu Population and Civil Registration Service (Dindukcapil). Method : This type of research uses a qualitative descriptive method. The instrument in this research is the researcher himself. Data collection techniques using observation techniques and interview techniques.  The  informant  selection  technique  used  purposive  sampling  method.  Data analysis techniques with Data Reduction, Data Presentation and Conclusion Drawing. Research Results: Researchers used five aspects of public service quality, namely physical evidence (Tangible) of the South Bengkulu Population and Civil Registration Service (Dindukcapil), services still need to improve physical facilities and completeness of adequate facilities and infrastructure, Reliability, the people of South Bengkulu are satisfied with the services provided by the South Bengkulu Population and Civil Registration Service (Dindukcapil), the Responsiveness of the South Bengkulu Population and Civil Registration Service (Dindukcapil) serves the community well, with mutual communication between officers and the community, Assurance if the management of services at the South Bengkulu Population and Civil Registration Office (Dindukcapil) is easy and Empathy (Empathy) The concern of  employees to always prioritize the needs of the community will  support the creation of Quality Integrated services. Conclusion: Administrative services at the South Bengkulu  Population  and  Civil  Registration  Office  (Dindukcapil)  are not  yet  qualified.
Physio-Anatomical complications in short and long surgical procedures with General Anesthesia. A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Tanveer Mariam , Qadeer Taimoor , Ali Shaher Yar , Bhatti Ammar Ahmad , Khalid Rasikh , Suleman Muhammad , Shahid Muhammad Nauman
Published: June 2024

Background:
The complication intensity of short- and long-term anesthesia during different surgeries depends upon the age, medical history and general lifestyle of a patient.
 Aims and objectives: The aims and objectives of present study were to evaluate the risks associated with general anesthesia during various surgical procedures.
Methodology: Current comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in ICU, general surgery and gynecology units of Ghurki Trust and Teaching Hospital from July 2023 to February 2024. Total 100 patients of appendectomy and hysterectomy were selected as study subjects and divided into two groups. In Group-A (short surgery group) 65patients with appendectomy and in Group-B (Long surgery group) 35 women patients with hysterectomy were included. All of the clinical and demographic data were recorded on MS Excel and SPSS version 2024 were used to process, analyze, and distribute the data as needed and graph pad prism was used to plot graphical data representation.
 Results: The study identified a significant association between anesthesia duration and increased postoperative complications, notably in patients aged 51-55 years. Enhanced risks included postoperative pain, nausea, and respiratory distress, emphasizing the need for tailored anesthesia strategies based on surgical length and patient demographics.
Conclusion: General anesthesia is largely safe but linked to some complications, necessitating innovative improvements and further research with larger sample sizes for enhanced safety.
https://portalcris.vdu.lt/server/api/core/bitstreams/3631cab4-cceb-45d6-b34e-dabf6821bdc4/content
Authors: Pipiras Nerijus
Published: June 2024

Pirmojoje straipsnio dalyje pristatomos arkivyskupo Mečislovo Reinio pedagoginės nuostatos, padėjusios pagrindą arkivyskupo puoselėtai būtinybei pereiti nuo tradicinės link laisvosios ugdymo paradigmos. Antrojoje straipsnio dalyje pateikiamos M. Reinio straipsnių, publikuotų leidinyje „Lietuvos mokykla“, pagrindinės mintys. Straipsnyje aptariamos arkivyskupo Mečislovo Reinio pedagoginės idėjos, pristatomas jo siūlomas švietimo ir ugdymo problemų sprendimo kelias, išryškinamas arkivyskupo minčių švietimo ir ugdymo klausimais aktualumas. Dievo tarno arkivyskupo Mečislovo Reinio straipsnis „Nauju keliu“, publikuotas 1925 metais leidinyje „Lietuvos mokykla“, – tai programinis straipsnis, apibendrinantis ne viename M. Reinio straipsnyje gvildentas švietimo ir ugdymo idėjas ir nurodantis etapus, reikalingus perėjimui nuo tradicinės iki laisvosios ugdymo paradigmos. Straipsnyje „Nauju keliu“ trumpai ir koncentruotai, akcentuojant ugdytinio ir ugdytojo sąveiką, pateikiama arkivyskupo M. Reinio pedagoginių idėjų visuma. Vėlesniuose straipsniuose M. Reinys grįžta prie čia trumpai pristatytų temų, jas išplėsdamas, išgvildendamas, moksliškai pagrįsdamas.
Trajectory Prediction of Port Container Trucks Based on DeepPBM-Attention
Authors: YE Haixiong , LUAN Kairong , YANG Mei , ZHANG Xiliang , ZHOU Yue
Published: June 2024

Existing tracking algorithms mostly rely on model-driven approaches, which can be prone to inaccuracies due to unpredictable human behaviours. This article aims to address the issue of transient errors in tracking port container trucks (PCTrucks) when encountering obstructions. A data-driven algorithm for predicting vehicle trajectories is proposed in this study. The approach involves preprocessing an extensive dataset of GPS information, training a DeepLSTM-Attention model, and integrating the proposed model with the population-based training (PBT) algorithm to optimise network hyperparameters. The objective is to enhance the accuracy of predicting trajectories for vehicles moving horizontally. The trajectory data used are collected from real-world port operations. This research is conducted across nine trajectory segments and benchmarked against traditional approaches like Kalman filtering, machine learning techniques such as support vector regression (SVR) and standard long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. The results demonstrate that the proposed prediction method, that is, DeepPBM-Attention, outperforms other techniques in several evaluation metrics, including root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), F1 score and trajectory reconstruction error (TRE). Compared to LSTM networks, the performance of DeepPBM-Attention is improved by approximately 40%. The proposed data-driven trajectory prediction algorithm exhibits high accuracy and practicality, which can effectively be applied to the positioning prediction of horizontally moving vehicles in port environments.
Short-Term Traffic Flow Uncertainty Prediction Based on Novel GM(1,1)
Authors: CAO Xu Dong , SHI Qin , CHEN Yi Kai , CHEN Chen Chen
Published: June 2024

Anticipating uncertainty in short-term traffic flow is crucial for effective traffic management within intelligent transportation systems. Various methods for predicting uncertainty have been proposed and implemented. However, conventional techniques struggle to provide accurate forecasts when confronted with sparse data. Hence, this study focuses on developing an uncertainty prediction model for short-term traffic flow under limited data conditions. A novel grey model that considers the volatility of the traffic data is proposed, which extends the grey model (GM) by integrating two techniques: smooth pre-processing and background value construction. The performance of the proposed novel grey model is mainly illustrated by comparing the novel grey model with the traditional GM model. Our results, in terms of uncertainty quantification, demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the GM model regarding mean kick-off percentage (KP), width interval (WI) and width amplitude.
Surface acoustic wave-spin wave coupling and magneto-acoustic nonreciprocal devices
Authors: Huang Ming-Xian , Hu Wen-Bin , Bai Fei-Ming ,   School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China,   State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Published: June 2024

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) is a new means of exciting and controlling spin wave (SW), which has not only high excitation efficiency, but also long transmission length up to millimeter order. Based on the SAW-SW coupling (phonon-magnon coupling), a wide variety of new devices and applications such as high-sensitivity weak magnetic field sensors, energy-efficient spintronic devices, solid-state acoustic isolators, and nonreciprocal phase shifters, have been realized. Therefore, it is of great value to study the physical mechanism of magneto-acoustic coupling, develop new magneto-acoustic coupling effects, and improve the efficiency of magneto-acoustic coupling. In this work, different types of physical mechanisms of magneto-acoustic coupling are reviewed. The effective driven magnetic fields of magnetoelastic coupling, spin-vorticity coupling (including injection of alternating spin current from a non-magnetic layer and Barnett effect inside magnetic material itself), and magneto-rotation coupling under different modes of SAW excitation are compared. The angular dependence of these driven fields and the frequency dependence of the corresponding power absorption are discussed, which provides theoretical support for distinguishing and utilizing various magneto-acoustic coupling in practical applications. In addition, we also introduce two methods to realize nonreciprocal SAW transmission by magneto-acoustic coupling, including the helicity mismatch effect and nonreciprocal spin-wave dispersion magnetic structures, and discuss their physical mechanisms as well as advantages and disadvantages. For such magneto-acoustic nonreciprocal devices, the properties of higher isolation, lower insertion loss and wider bandwidth are always desired. In order to improve the properties of the devices, it is important to find magnetic structures with stronger SW nonreciprocity, reduce the insertion loss introduced by magnetic structure, and fully consider the effective driven field characteristics of different modes of SAW. We hope that this review can serve as a guide for future design and development of solid acoustic isolators and circulators in the RF and microwave frequency bands.
On the pH-dependence of α-synuclein amyloid polymorphism and the role of secondary nucleation in seed-based amyloid propagation
Authors: Frey Lukas , Ghosh Dhiman , Qureshi Bilal M. , Rhyner David , Guerrero-Ferreira Ricardo , Pokharna Aditya , Kwiatkowski Witek , Serdiuk Tetiana , Picotti Paola , Riek Roland , Greenwald Jason
Published: June 2024

The aggregation of the protein α-synuclein is closely associated with several neurodegenerative disorders and as such the structures of the amyloid fibril aggregates have high scientific and medical significance. However, there are dozens of unique atomic-resolution structures of these aggregates, and such a highly polymorphic nature of the α-synuclein fibrils hampers efforts in disease-relevant
in vitro
studies on α-synuclein amyloid aggregation. In order to better understand the factors that affect polymorph selection, we studied the structures of α-synuclein fibrils
in vitro
as a function of pH and buffer using cryo-EM helical reconstruction. We find that in the physiological range of pH 5.8-7.4 a pH-dependent selection between Types 1, 2 and 3 polymorphs occurs. Our results indicate that even in the presence of seeds, the polymorph selection during aggregation is highly dependent on the buffer conditions, attributed to the non-polymorph-specific nature of secondary nucleation. We also uncovered two new polymorphs that occur at pH 7.0 in phosphate-buffered saline. The first is a monofilament Type 1 fibril that highly resembles the structure of the juvenile-onset synucleinopathy polymorph found in patient-derived material. The second is a new Type 5 polymorph that resembles a polymorph that has been recently reported in a study that used diseased tissues to seed aggregation. Taken together, our results highlight the shallow amyloid energy hypersurface that can be altered by subtle changes in the environment, including the pH which is shown to play a major role in polymorph selection and in many cases appears to be the determining factor in seeded aggregation. The results also suggest the possibility of producing disease-relevant structure
in vitro
.
Frequent intertrophic transmission of Wolbachia by parasitism but not predation
Authors: Yan Zhi-Chao , Qi Lan-Da , Ji Han-Le , Wang Xiao-Xiang , Hong Xiao-Yue , Li Yuan-Xi
Published: June 2024

Wolbachia
is one of the most pervasive symbionts, estimated to infect ∼50% of arthropod species. It is primarily transmitted vertically, inducing a variety of fascinating reproductive manipulations to promote its spread within host populations. However, incongruences between host and
Wolbachia
phylogenies indicate substantial horizontal transmissions, the mechanisms of which are largely unexplored. By systematically analyzing
Wolbachia
surface protein (
wsp
) sequences on NCBI, we found that parasitism, not predation, is the primary route of intertrophic
Wolbachia
transmission. This conclusion held after accounting sampling bias. One example of frequent
Wolbachia
transfers is between egg parasitoid wasps,
Trichogramma
, and their lepidopteran hosts. Moreover, both bioinformatics and experimental results showed that
Wolbachia
from the parasitoid wasp
Encarsia formosa
can be transmitted to its whitefly host
Bemisia tabaci
, through unsuccessful parasitism. Once
En. formosa Wolbachia
is transferred to whiteflies, it can be vertically transmitted within whiteflies and induce fitness costs. To our knowledge, this is the first compelling evidence that
Wolbachia
can be transmitted from parasitoid wasps to their hosts, revealing the bidirectional nature of
Wolbachia
transfers between parasitoids and their hosts. Overall, our findings enrich the current understanding of the horizontal transmission of
Wolbachia
and shed new light on its ecology and evolution.
Dual-specific autophosphorylation of kinase IKK2 enables phosphorylation of substrate IκBα through a phosphoenzyme intermediate
Authors: Borar Prateeka , Biswas Tapan , Chaudhuri Ankur , Rao Pallavi T , Raychaudhuri Swasti , Huxford Tom , Chakrabarti Saikat , Ghosh Gourisankar , Polley Smarajit
Published: June 2024

Rapid and high-fidelity phosphorylation of two serines (S32 and S36) of IκBα by a prototype Ser/Thr kinase IKK2 is critical for fruitful canonical NF-κB activation. Here, we report that IKK2 is a dual specificity Ser/Thr kinase that autophosphorylates itself at tyrosine residues in addition to its activation loop serines. Mutation of one such tyrosine, Y169, located in proximity to the active site, to phenylalanine, renders IKK2 inactive for phosphorylation of S32 of IκBα. Surprisingly, auto-phosphorylated IKK2 relayed phosphate group(s) to IκBα without ATP when ADP is present. We also observed that mutation of K44, an ATP-binding lysine conserved in all protein kinases, to methionine renders IKK2 inactive towards specific phosphorylation of S32 or S36 of IκBα, but not non-specific substrates. These observations highlight an unusual evolution of IKK2, in which autophosphorylation of tyrosine(s) in the activation loop and the invariant ATP-binding K44 residue define its signal-responsive substrate specificity ensuring the fidelity of NF-κB activation.
Dual-specific autophosphorylation of kinase IKK2 enables phosphorylation of substrate IκBα through a phosphoenzyme intermediate
Authors: Borar Prateeka , Biswas Tapan , Chaudhuri Ankur , Huxford Tom , Chakrabarti Saikat , Ghosh Gourisankar , Polley Smarajit
Published: June 2024

Rapid and high-fidelity phosphorylation of two serines (S32 and S36) of IκBα by a prototype Ser/Thr kinase IKK2 is critical for fruitful canonical NF-κB activation. Here, we report that IKK2 is a dual specificity Ser/Thr kinase that autophosphorylates itself at tyrosine residues in addition to its activation loop serines. Mutation of one such tyrosine, Y169, located in proximity to the active site, to phenylalanine, renders IKK2 inactive for phosphorylation of S32 of IκBα. Surprisingly, auto-phosphorylated IKK2 relayed phosphate group(s) to IκBα without ATP when ADP is present. We also observed that mutation of K44, an ATP-binding lysine conserved in all protein kinases, to methionine renders IKK2 inactive towards specific phosphorylation of S32 or S36 of IκBα, but not non-specific substrates. These observations highlight an unusual evolution of IKK2, in which autophosphorylation of tyrosine(s) in the activation loop and the invariant ATP-binding K44 residue define its signal-responsive substrate specificity ensuring the fidelity of NF-κB activation.
Comparison of Digital and Bougie-aided Technique for Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion in Mastoid Surgery: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Chowdhury Achyut Roy , Hembrom Bani Parvati Magda , Bose Anjana Ghosh Dastidar , Mukherjee Soma
Published: June 2024

Introduction: While placing the Proseal-laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) using the digital technique, there may be failed insertion or inadequate ventilation. Therefore, a placement technique using the Gum Elastic Bougie (GEB)-aided placement was employed. Aim: To compare the clinical efficacy of Proseal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) insertion by two different techniques viz. Digital and Gum elastic bougie-aided, in mastoid surgery in adult patients done under General Anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: In this randomised clinical study conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, R.G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from November 2016 to December 2022. A total of 88 patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) class I and II of either sex undergoing mastoid surgery using the PLMA as an airway management device were allocated to Digital (Group D) and gum elastic Bougie (Group B) techniques. Parameters studied included the percentage of successful insertion of PLMA on the first attempt, number of attempts required and time taken for successful insertion of PLMA and postoperative complications if any. The t-test was used to compare the groups regarding PLMA insertion time, while categorical data such as airway trauma was compared using Chi- square test or Fischer’s-exact test (whichever applicable). Results: In the present study 88 patients were included, with 44 patients in each of the two groups. The difference in Mallampati scoring of both groups was statistically insignificant. In the present study 68.18% patients in Gum elastic bougie group and 70.45% patients in Digital group were of ASA Grade I, showing no statistical significance between these two groups regarding ASA status. In Group B (GEB), PLMA was successfully inserted in 95.45% of cases on the first attempt, and in group D (digital) the corresponding figure was 77.27% and 22.72% of cases required a 2nd attempt, this difference was statistically significant (p-value<0.001). The difference of PLMA insertion mean time was statistically significant between the two groups (24.33±3.209 seconds in gum elastic bougie group whereas in digital group it was 13.42±3.228 seconds) (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The GEB-aided Proseal-LMA insertion is more successful in the first attempt than in the digital technique. Although GEB-aided insertions of PLMA took longer, they helped achieve higher oropharyngeal leak pressure. With peak airway pressures less than 20 cm of H2O there was no audible leak from the drain tube and there were fewer failed insertions.
Prevalence of Paediatric Head and Neck Malignancies in the North Region of Brazil: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Silva Emilly Silva E , Couto Marina Fadul Neves , Oliveira Gerlane Lima , Luna CÃ¡ssia Alves DE Lima , Silva Marco Tullio BrazÃ£o , Hage Caio DE Andrade , Le John Minh , GuimarÃ£es Douglas Magno
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) ranks sixth among the most common men’s tumours. The prevalence of HNC in children has increased in several countries, and the prevalence varies worldwide. In several regions in Brazil and the world, a lack of epidemiological data records on childhood HNC is observed, demonstrating little knowledge about the demographic profile of these patients. Aim: To determine the prevalence of HNC in paediatric patients over the years at a reference centre in the North region of Brazil. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with the objective of quantitatively and qualitatively analysing the prevalence of HNC in a reference oncology hospital. The electronic medical records of patients aged 0 to 19 years were reviewed at a referral centre in Northern Brazil from October 2015 to February 2022. Demographic variables, topographic location of tumours, city of origin, patient outcome, and histopathological diagnosis were collected. Results: A total of 4,113 medical records were analysed, and 126 met the criteria for analysis. Males had a higher incidence n=75 (59.52%) of HNC than females n=51 (40.47%). The age group with the highest percentage of HNC was > 4 to 9-year-old n=40 (31.74%). The most common diagnosis were lymphoma 78 (61.90%), sarcoma 22 (17.46%); carcinoma 14 (11.11%), and histiocytosis 10 (7.93%). Conclusion: In Northern Brazil, the most common tumour was Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and the most prevalent group affected were males aged > 4-9-year-old.
Evaluation of Risk Factors, Clinical and Angiographic Profile of Young Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Observational Study
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Tanmay , Dastidar Dipankar Ghosh , Sarkar Sandipan , Biswas Uttam
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The incidence of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in the young population has begun to rise. There is not enough data regarding the characteristics of young patients with ACS. Aim: To evaluate risk factors, clinical and angiographic profile of young patients with ACS. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from December 2017 to December 2020 at SSWH, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, Kolkata, India among 100 patients. Patients with ACS and aged ≤45 years were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with and without obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Clinical parameters and coronary angiography data were collected and analysed. The p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 37.42±5.18 years, and 82 (82%) participants were male. Smoking was the most common risk factor observed in 71 (71%) of the study population, and the majority of these patients had obstructive CAD. The young population suffered more with a high incidence of ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), with 37 (56.06%) had Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction (AWMI). When analysed angiographically, Obstructive CAD was most commonly found 82 (82%); among those with obstructive CAD, Single-vessel diseases were predominant in 47 (47%) individuals. The percentage of stable angina was significantly higher among patients with obstructive CAD (53.6%) compared to non obstructive CAD (11.1%), (p=0.001). Conclusion: Two leading risk factors, smoking, and tobacco, were significantly associated with the onset of young ACS. The prevalence of single-vessel disease was higher in young patients with ACS compared to double and triple-vessel disease.
Effect of Combined Intramuscular Hyoscine and Vaginal Misoprostol on the Mean Induction to Delivery Interval among Post-date Pregnant Women in Federal Medical Center Owerri, Nigeria
Authors: Obani Henry Ifeanyi , Elegbua Callistus Obinna , Onyeabochukwu Augustine Duke , Obioha Kingsley Chukwu Episteme , Ani. Vincent Chinedu , Adekanye Emmanuel Adeola , Elegbua Angela Adaku , Eze Matthew Ikechukwu
Published: June 2024

Background: Induction of labour is saddled with a lot of uncertainties; its failure is a challenge to the parturient and her Obstetrician and as well results in abdominal delivery. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue has increasingly been used for cervical ripening and induction of labour with variable outcomes and Hyoscine N-Butyl bromide, a smooth muscle relaxant, has been studied extensively for its use in active phase labour. The combination of both drugs for cervical ripening and labour induction may have a positive synergistic effect. 
Objectives: To compare the effect of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol with vaginal misoprostol alone on the mean induction to delivery interval during post-date pregnancy cervical ripening in the Federal Medical Center Owerri, Nigeria.
Study Design: A randomised double blinded clinical trial involving post-date pregnant women who received combined imtramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol and those who received vaginal misoprostol only for cervical ripening and induction of labour.
Methodology: A total of 130 postdated pregnant women who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study by systematic sampling. These were equal number of 65 participants each as case and control. They were matched for gestational age and social status. The case group received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyosine while the control received vaginal misoprostol alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour The results were analysed using SPSS version 21 with appropriate tables and figures generated.
Results: The mean induction-delivery interval was (18.74±3.00 hours) in women who were given vaginal misoprostol + placebo and (16.6±3.00 hours) in those who received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyoscine. The median number of misoprostol inserted in the placebo group was 2 (2,3) while for hyoscine group it was 3(2,3). The mode of delivery between the hyoscine group and the control group did not show any statistically significant difference (P=0.152).
Conclusion: The mean induction to delivery interval shortens when a combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol is used for cervical ripening and induction of labour in post-date pregnant women as opposed to vaginal misoprostol alone.
Recommendations: The use of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour should be routinely implemented and also the use of hyoscine pessaries with vaginal misoprostol can be studied to see if there would be a different outcome.
Relationship between Personal, Socioeconomic and Psychological Characteristics of FPO Beneficiaries with their Attitude towards FPO in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Priyanka R. , Jayasankar R.
Published: June 2024

Agriculture in India is predominantly production oriented and plays a pivotal role in the Indian economy. Even though lack of advancement, poor management of supply chains and shrinking average farm holding sizes all slow down this progress. As a result of its awareness of these problems facing small and marginal farmers, the Indian government is actively promoting Farmers Producer Organisations. FPO help small and marginal farmers integrate so they can raise their incomes and improve their economic standing. The present investigation was conducted with the aim of analysing the attitude towards Farmer Producer Organisations with the personal, socioeconomic, and psychological characteristics of the respondents. It was conducted three districts namely Coimbatore, Erode and Trichy in the state of Tamil Nadu (India). From each selected FPO, 100 beneficiaries were selected randomly with simple random sampling technique. In this way total of 300 beneficiaries were considered as respondent for the study.
The results shows that the majority of the respondents had revealed that majority of the respondents were middle aged, had higher secondary school level education, had agriculture as their primary occupation, belonged small farmers category, possessed medium level of farming experience and had medium level annual income. Majority of the respondents had medium level of extension agency contact, mass media exposure, information source utilization, information sharing behaviour, achievement motivation, economic motivation, credibility, innovativeness and market orientation. Most of the respondents participated in more than two trainings and made their decision independently.
Regarding the relationship between personal, socioeconomic and psychological characteristics of beneficiaries and their attitude level, twelve variables viz., educational status, occupational status, annual income, extension agency contact, mass media exposure, information source utilization, achievement motivation, economic motivation, credibility, decision making pattern, market orientation and training undergone were found to have positive and significant relationship with the attitude.
Response of Different Level of Bulky Organic Manure and Biochar on Soil Parameters and Yield Attributes of Maize (Zea mays L.) var. Surabhi
Authors: Khangarot Manveer Singh , David Arun Alfred , Thomas Tarence , Bharose Ram , Toppo Neha , Chaudhury Palash , Singh Anamika , Nama Pragya
Published: June 2024

A trial was carried out on maize in the zaid season during 2023, with the soil being of sandy loam texture. The trial followed a randomized block design and involved three different levels of NPK. Each combination of treatments was repeated three times and randomly assigned within each replication. The findings indicate that using different combinations of NPK, FYM, and Biochar at T9 - [NPK @ 120:60:40 Kg ha-1 + FYM @ 125 t ha-1 + Biochar @ 5 t ha-1] resulted in a slight decrease in pH, bulk density, and particle density. However, there was a significant increase in pore space, water holding capacity, EC, organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and plant growth and yield characteristics. This combination yielded the best results for plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant (Kg ha-1), number of cobs per plant (Kg ha-1), seed yield (Kg ha-1), and stalk yield (Kg ha-1) in maize. Following closely was T8 - [NPK @ 60:30:20 Kg ha-1 + FYM @ 62.5 t ha-1 +Biochar @ 2.5 t ha-1]. In the analysis of various treatment combinations, it was observed that the use of NPK, FYM, and Biochar in treatment T8 - [NPK @ 60:30:20 Kg ha- 1 + FYM @ 62.5 t ha-1 + Biochar @ 2.5 t ha-1] resulted in the highest net profit of Rs. ₹86,058.97 with a cost benefit ratio of 1:2.70. This was followed by T9 - [NPK @ 120:60:40 Kg ha-1 + FYM @ 125 t ha-1 + Biochar @ 5 t ha-1], which provided a net profit of Rs. ₹84,640.83 ha-1 with a cost benefit ratio of 1:2.2.
Comprehensive Review on the Bio-ecology and Integrated Management Strategies for Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee)
Authors: Sharma Sakshi , Mohapatra Ankush , Kathayat Khushboo
Published: June 2024

The most important and commonly grown vegetable for both raw and cooked purposes is brinjal, or Solanum melongena Linnaeus. It is a member of the solanaceae family and is also known as eggplant or baingan. Nevertheless, it faces significant threat from a prominent pest known as the eggplant shoot and fruit borer, scientifically termed Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee, capable of inflicting damage ranging from 37% to 100%. This pest can also diminish both the quantity and quality of eggplant produced. Farmers persist in depending on pesticides to address this problem; nevertheless, excessive pesticide application has resulted in negative impacts on the environment, unintended beneficial organisms, phytotoxicity, pesticide resistance, pest resurgence, bioaccumulation, and secondary pest outbreaks. In different regions of the world, it has been discovered that a number of insects, including Various pests such as the Fruit and Shoot Borer, White Fly, Leaf Hopper, Thrips, Mites, Leaf Roller, and Red Spider Mite contribute to losses in eggplant. Moreover, this insect can also cause severe harm to other vegetables within the Solanaceae family, acting as an alternative host. The adult insect can eventually withstand the problems of chemical pesticides and find it challenging to control the insect population in standing crops due to the larva's unique ability to subsist on a monophagous diet supported by homing and tunneling behavior. It results in a decrease in both yield and vitamin C content. This is due to the fact that high humidity and moderate temperatures encourage the population growth of the Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer, which results in significant losses in hot, humid weather. Farmers primarily use chemical insecticides, which they apply carelessly to manage this pest. A lot of farmers also employ biological control techniques and home-based remedies like marigold barriers, cow urine, ashes, and so forth. Farmers are unable to totally manage the infestation, though, and the measures cost more to produce than they really bring.
Mapping of Sensitive Coastal Spaces and Environments to Preserve in the west of the Coastal Zone of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Tiemele Jacques André , Djagoua Eric Valère , Ouattara Hafsa , Adou Léon-Fils
Published: June 2024

Aims: Identification of remarkable areas or spaces of ecological and biological interest in the west of the ivorian coastal zone in order to propose action strategies for the preservation of these sites, supported by legal guidelines for the protection of these remarkable spaces.
Place and Duration of Study: Western ivorian coast, November to December 2023.
Methodology: A participatory and inclusive approach was adopted in order to take into account the views, opinions, concerns and needs of all stakeholders operating in this part of the coastal zone. A cartographic database was created from the 2023 Sentinel 2 satellite image of the Ivorian coastal area. Digital processing of the 10 m spatial resolution image using ARCGIS 10 software made it possible to digitize the land cover layers of this coastal zone.
Results: From Cavally River bordering Liberia-west Tabou border, we have identified 17 coastal sites to be protected, including 4 rivers, 4 biological sites (Voluntary Forest Reserve, Sea turtle nesting sites, Mangrove areas and the new marine protected area planned) and 9 villages. As for the Tabou est-Grand-Béréby coast, there are 23 sites including 8 rivers, 8 biological sites (Marine Protected Area, Voluntary nature reserve, Community forests, Sacred forests, Mangrove areas, Sea turtle nesting sites) and 7 localities threatened by marine flooding.
Conclusion: Costal sites must be protected by several tools whose protection methods make it possible to adapt to the local context. Thus, on sites, we frequently combine regulatory protection tools, to limit or prohibit certain uses, and contractual tools to finance restoration actions or encourage more sustainable practices, and this, from the implementing decree on sensitive coastal areas and sites to be protected from Law No. 2017-378 of June 2, 2017 relating to the development, protection and integrated management of the littoral.
Population‐Based Case‐Control Association Studies
Authors: Hancock Dana B. , Scott William K.
Published: July 2012

This unit provides an overview of the design and analysis of population‐based case‐control studies of genetic risk factors for complex disease. Considerations specific to genetic studies are emphasized. The unit reviews basic study designs differentiating case‐control studies from others, presents different genetic association strategies (candidate gene, genome‐wide association, and high‐throughput sequencing), introduces basic methods of statistical analysis for case‐control data and approaches to combining case‐control studies, and discusses measures of association and impact. Admixed populations, controlling for confounding (including population stratification), consideration of multiple loci and environmental risk factors, and complementary analyses of haplotypes, genes, and pathways are briefly discussed. Readers are referred to basic texts on epidemiology for more details on general conduct of case‐control studies.Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 74:1.17.1‐1.17.20. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.