bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Active Set Limited Memory BFGS Algorithm for Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Hanger , Li Yan , Zhang Maojun
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a stochastic quasi-Newton algorithm for nonconvex stochastic optimization is presented. It is derived from a classical modified BFGS formula. The update formula can be extended to the framework of limited memory scheme. Numerical experiments on some problems in machine learning are given. The results show that the proposed algorithm has great prospects.
Phage-Displayed Mimotopes of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Targeted to Authentic and Alternative Cellular Receptors
Authors: Petrenko Valery A. , Gillespie James W. , De Plano Laura Maria , Shokhen Michael A.
Published: February 2022

The evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by the emergence of new heavily mutated viral variants with increased infectivity and/or resistance to detection by the human immune system. To respond to the urgent need for advanced methods and materials to empower a better understanding of the mechanisms of virus’s adaptation to human host cells and to the immuno-resistant human population, we suggested using recombinant filamentous bacteriophages, displaying on their surface foreign peptides termed “mimotopes”, which mimic the structure of viral receptor-binding sites on the viral spike protein and can serve as molecular probes in the evaluation of molecular mechanisms of virus infectivity. In opposition to spike-binding antibodies that are commonly used in studying the interaction of the ACE2 receptor with SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro, phage spike mimotopes targeted to other cellular receptors would allow discovery of their role in viral infection in vivo using cell culture, tissue, organs, or the whole organism. Phage mimotopes of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1 protein have been developed using a combination of phage display and molecular mimicry concepts, termed here “phage mimicry”, supported by bioinformatics methods. The key elements of the phage mimicry concept include: (1) preparation of a collection of p8-type (landscape) phages, which interact with authentic active receptors of live human cells, presumably mimicking the binding interactions of human coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and its variants; (2) discovery of closely related amino acid clusters with similar 3D structural motifs on the surface of natural ligands (FGF1 and NRP1), of the model receptor of interest FGFR and the S1 spike protein; and (3) an ELISA analysis of the interaction between candidate phage mimotopes with FGFR3 (a potential alternative receptor) in comparison with ACE2 (the authentic receptor).
A Perspective on the Roles of Adjuvants in Developing Highly Potent COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Zhang Naru , Li Kangchen , Liu Zezhong , Nandakumar Kutty Selva , Jiang Shibo
Published: February 2022

Several countries have made unremitting efforts to develop an optimal vaccine in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the increasing occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, current vaccines show decreased neutralizing activities, especially towards the Omicron variant. In this context, adding appropriate adjuvants to COVID-19 vaccines can substantially reduce the number of required doses and improve efficacy or cross-neutralizing protection. We mainly focus on research progress and achievements associated with adjuvanted COVID-19 subunit and inactivated vaccines. We further compare the advantages and disadvantages of different adjuvant formulations in order to provide a scientific reference for designing an effective strategy for future vaccine development.
An Update of Orthopoxvirus Molecular Evolution
Authors: Babkin Igor V. , Babkina Irina N. , Tikunova Nina V.
Published: February 2022

Although variola virus (VARV) has been eradicated through widespread vaccination, other orthopoxviruses pathogenic for humans circulate in nature. Recently, new orthopoxviruses, including some able to infect humans, have been found and their complete genomes have been sequenced. Questions about the orthopoxvirus mutation rate and the emergence of new threats to humankind as a result of the evolution of circulating orthopoxviruses remain open. Based on contemporary data on ancient VARV DNA and DNA of new orthopoxvirus species, an analysis of the molecular evolution of orthopoxviruses was carried out and the timescale of their emergence was estimated. It was calculated that the orthopoxviruses of the Old and New Worlds separated approximately 40,000 years ago; the recently discovered Akhmeta virus and Alaskapox virus separated from other orthopoxviruses approximately 10,000–20,000 years ago; the rest of modern orthopoxvirus species originated from 1700 to 6000 years ago, with the exception of VARV, which emerged in approximately 300 AD. Later, there was a separation of genetic variants of some orthopoxvirus species, so the monkeypox virus West African subtype originated approximately 600 years ago, and the VARV minor alastrim subtype emerged approximately 300 years ago.
Constitutive Signaling by the Human Cytomegalovirus G Protein Coupled Receptor Homologs US28 and UL33 Enables Trophoblast Migration In Vitro
Authors: Davis-Poynter Nicholas , Farrell Helen E.
Published: February 2022

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes four homologs of G protein coupled receptors (vGPCRs), of which two, designated UL33 and US28, signal constitutively. UL33 and US28 are also conserved with chemokine receptors: US28 binds numerous chemokine classes, including the membrane bound chemokine, fractalkine; whereas UL33 remains an orphan receptor. There is emerging data that UL33 and US28 each contribute to HCMV associated disease, although no studies to date have reported their potential contribution to aberrant placental physiology that has been detected with HCMV congenital infection. We investigated the signaling repertoire of UL33 and US28 and their potential to enable trophoblast mobilization in vitro. Results demonstrate the constitutive activation of CREB by each vGPCR in ACIM-88 and HTR-8SVneo trophoblasts; constitutive NF-kB activation was detected for US28 only. Constitutive signaling by each vGPCR enabled trophoblast migration. For US28, fractalkine exhibited inverse agonist activity and dampened trophoblast migration. UL33 stimulated expression of both p38 mitogen activated (MAP) and Jun N-terminal (JNK) kinases; while p38 MAP kinase stimulated CREB, JNK was inhibitory, suggesting that UL33 dependent CREB activation was regulated by p38/JNK crosstalk. Given that chemokines and their receptors are important for placental development, these data point to the potential of HCMV UL33 and US28 to interfere with trophoblast responses which are important for normal placental development.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Prevalence and Predictors among the Students of Jazan University, Saudi Arabia Using the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khalafalla Husameldin Elsawi , Tumambeng Maria Zenaida , Halawi Majidah Hussain Asiri , Masmali Enas Mohammed Ali , Tashari Thekra Badr Mohammed , Arishi Fatimah Hasser Abdullah , Shadad Roaa Hassan Mohammed , Alfaraj Sarah Zaki Abdullah , Fathi Shroog Mohammed Ali , Mahfouz Mohamed Salih
Published: February 2022

Vaccination has a major role in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. The behavior toward accepting the COVID-19 vaccine is complex and multifactorial, while the level of acceptance and hesitancy depends on many factors. This study aims to measure the level of vaccine acceptance among Jazan University students and identify its predictors. In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire based on the health belief model (HBM) was sent through social media “WhatsApp” to two strata of students selected by convenient sampling. The overall desire to get vaccinated was noted in 83.6% of participants, and 16.4% reported no desire to be vaccinated. The constructs of the HBM were shown to significantly predict vaccine acceptance with the exception of “perceived susceptibility”. In conclusion, the level of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among Jazan University students was relatively high. The HBM constructs are important predictors of the vaccination behavior with the exception of the construct “perceived susceptibility”.
Goddess worship and the dancing form: exploring ritual in Indian prehistory and south Indian antiquity
Authors: Srinivasan Sharada
Published: February 2022

The Indian subcontinent has been one of the regions of the world where the worship of goddesses has been amongst the most longstanding. The seminal work of Marija Gimbutas on the Neolithic and Copper Age settlements of southeastern Europe and particularly her explorations into the feminine forms of the period as possible expressions of Goddess worship have implications for the material culture of the Indian subcontinent in ways that have perhaps not been adequately addressed. Equally, insights into some of the surviving trajectories of rituals and iconographies of goddess worship might serve to throw more light on enigmatic aspects of archaeological finds including from the Neolithic, not just in the context of the subcontinent but elsewhere in antiquity. The paper also sets out to explore the place of the dancing form in ritual particularly with respect to goddess worship, which emerged as a more distinctive feature of Indian antiquity than in many other parts of the world.
Lumbar facet syndrome
Authors:   FBHI «Privolzhsky District Medical Center», Nizhny Novgorod, Yarikov Anton Viktorovich , Shpagin Maksim Vladimirovich ,   SBHI NR «City Clinical Hospital No. 39», Nizhny Novgorod, Pavlinov Sergey Evgenievich ,   MC «MIRT», Kostroma, Meredzhi Amir Muratovich ,   Research Laboratory of Neurosurgery of the Spine and Peripheral Nervous System of the N. N. prof. A.L. Polenova, Russia, Orlov Andrey Yuryevich ,   Research Laboratory of Neurosurgery of the Spine and Peripheral Nervous System of the N. N. prof. A.L. Polenova, Russia, Denisov Anton Andreevich ,   «RNIITO im. R.R. Vredena», St. Petersburg, Perlmutter Olga Aleksandrovna ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Privolzhsky Research Medical University», Nizhny Novgorod, Fraerman Alexander Petrovich ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Volga Research Medical University», Nizhny Novgorod, Sosnin Andrey Gennadievich ,   Privolzhsky District Medical Center, Nizhny Novgorod
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of pain syndromes caused by the development of degenerative destructive changes in the intervertebral joints (facet syndrome). The modern therapeutic tactics of the disease are described; indications for the surgical treatment of the disease are presented. Modern methods of surgical treatment of facet syndrome are briefly and schematically described. The data of the immediate and long-term results of surgical methods of treatment of facet syndrome are presented. English version of the article is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/faceted-lumbar-spine-syndrome/78489.html
FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMBERANTASAN MALARIA
Authors: Hayati Fajar , Efendy Ismail , Asriwati Asriwati
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAK

 

Penyakit malaria merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di hampir seluruh belahan dunia, terutama di negara–negara beriklim tropik dan sub tropik, baik sebagai penyakit endemik maupun epidemik. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku masyarakat dalam pemberantasan malaria diDesa Sekerak Kanan  Kecamatan Sekerak Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Tahun 2019.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah surveianalitik dengan rancangan cross sectional study yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku masyarakat dalam pemberantasan malaria dengan model pendekatankuantitatif.Ada pengaruh pengetahuan (p=0,045), sikap (p=0,024), kemampuan ekonomi (p=0,015), lingkungan tempat tinggal (p=0,025), penyuluhan tenaga kesehatanmasyarakat (p=0,005). Adapun variabel yang paling berpengaruh dalam pemberantasan malaria di Desa Sekerak Kanan  Kecamatan Sekerak Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Tahun 2019, yaitu variabel kemampuan ekonomi (p=0,008).Adapun kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengetahuan, sikap, kemampuan ekonomi, lingkungan tempat tinggal, penyuluhan tenaga kesehatanmasyarakat, berpengaruh dalam pemberantasan malaria di Desa Sekerak Kanan  Kecamatan Sekerak Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang Tahun 2019. Sehingga disarankan agar masyarakat dapat meningkatkan wawasan, pengetahuan, keterampilan dalam mengumpulkan, mengolah, menganalisa serta menginformasikan data temuan tentang perilaku masyarakat dalam pemberantasan malaria.
Pemberdayaan Petani Kopi Karo melalui Pengolahan Pasca Panen
Authors: Sembiring Anita Christine , Sitanggang Delima , Sinuhaji Nina Purnasari
Published: February 2022

Pengolahan pasca panen yang baik dan benar akan memberikan dampak yang baik bagi kualitas sebuah tanaman. Demikian pula buah kopi bila budidaya tepat dan proses pengolahan pasca panen tepat dan benar maka kualitas kopi akan baik. Melihat permintaan pasar yang tinggi akan kopi Indonesia dan khususnya kopi daerah karo maka petani kopi karo harus menambah informasi dan pengetahuannya akan proses pasca panen buah kopi, petani kopi harus berbenah dan melakukan perbaikan. Petani Kopi Karo yang berada di Desa Lingga Tanah Karo merupakan mitra dari tim PKM Universitas Prima Indonesia. Mitra memiliki kendala seperti keterbatasan pengetahuan, keterbatasan alat dan teknologi dalam pengolahan pasca panen, dan pemasaran produk. Dengan pendampingan dan pendidikan yang diberikan maka permasalahan mitra dapat dipecahkan bersama. Meningkatnya pengetahuan petani dalam tahapan pemahaman tentang budidaya kopi, pengolahan pasca panen kopi sangat berperan penting dalam menentukan kualitas dan cita rasa kopi. Dengan edukasi dan monitoring yang tetap dilakukan maka petani menjadi paham  tahapan proses pengolahan pasca panen. Dengan dukungan Hibah DRPM Kemenristekdikti skema Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) melakukan pendampingan dan pendidikan bagi petani kopi karo di desa lingga dengan memberikan bantuan alat kupas kulit tanduk (huller) agar petani dapat memproses lebih lanjut memproses hasil kebun mereka dimana selama ini dijual dalam bentuk gabah kemudian dapat dijual dalam bentuk green bean.
La fisiología del amor
Authors: Gómez López Susana
Published: February 2022

El amor siempre ha sido objeto de reflexión de filósofos, tema privilegiado de poetas, artistas y moralistas de toda índole e inclinación. Desde el siglo XVII, la propia historia del cuerpo, de la concepción de las pasiones y las emociones ha ido “descarnado” el amor, separándolo de los procesos corporales, fisiológicos. Antes de llegar a aquel momento crítico de la historia de la cultura europea, hubo ciertamente quienes defendieron un amor separado del cuerpo, pero lejos de resultar algo obvio, tuvieron que defender sus argumentos ante una profunda tradición científica y filosófica que consideraba el amor una patología inseparable de los procesos fisiológicos. En este artículo se hace un repaso por el concepto de hereos, aegritudo amoris, para presentar un texto de Francesco Patrizi da Cherso (s. XVI), Il Delfino, overo del bacio, que constituye una de las más claras exposiciones de una concepción fisiológica del amor, una naturalización del amor que sorprende y resulta especialmente interesante por su síntesis con la tradición platónica.
La tradition soviétique des subbotniki dans la Biélorussie de Loukachenko
Authors: Hervouet Ronan
Published: February 2022

The Soviet tradition of the subbotniki in Lukashenko’s Belarus

Since his first election in 1994, President Lukashenko has overtly placed himself in line with the Soviet heritage. Not only has the Soviet past, readapted and given back its legitimacy, been flooding the symbols of the new state (its flag and its holidays), it has also spread into the reference sources of public policies (the agrovilles), the methods of the government (the propagation of fear in the social body by state security forces still known today as the KGB), and the making of national memory (the repression of the Kurapaty mass executions by NKVD officers in the 1930s). In such a context, it becomes interesting to try and understand how everyday Belarusians connect to or stay away from these discourses and measures coming from “ above”. this article will examine the subbotnik ritual, discarded after the dissolution of the soviet union, but reinstitutionalized in 1997. Its author has carried out ethnographic research in Belarus in the years 2000. The results show that the reasons behind the participation of everyday citizens in these day events are different from those promoted by the power in place. However, if the feelings of solidarity conferred by the subbotniki are not the direct result of state discourses, they still work as an echo chamber, favoring the legitimization of the dictatorial regime.
Traduire natural selection en russe en 1864, une interprétation de l’ Origine des espèces
Authors: Némirovsky Clément
Published: February 2022

To translate natural selection in Russian in 1864 : the reception of the Origin of Species in Russia

A distinctive characteristic of the reception of the Origin of Species in Russia expresses itself clearly in its first Russian translation, by S. A. Račinskij : its terminological choices don’t fit the hypothesis of the Bronnian translation as a model, but tends to prove the influence of a previous Russian tradition of naturalism. this paper tries to make out this tradition by the study of the first translation of natural selection, contrasting with the reception of Darwin by d. I. Pisarev, that was popularizing western theories and thoughts at the same moment.
La figure de Nikolaï Tchernychevski dans Le Don de Vladimir Nabokov
Authors: Bernard Sophie
Published: February 2022

The Figure of Nikolai Chernyshevski in Nabokov’s The Gift.

the fourth chapter of Nabokov’s the Gift is a biography of the Russian writer and theoretician of populism Nikolai Chernyshevski. Although Fiodor, the novel’s protagonist, vigorously rejects the famous thinker’s aesthetic credo – namely the idea that art should have a utilitarian function –, he nevertheless decides to launch his career as a writer by penning the satirical portrait of a man who is paradoxically one of the paternal figures of the novel. This article addresses some of the aesthetic and political aspects of Chernyshevski’s thought. We also examine how, by focussing on an individual in order to return to the origins of populism, Nabokov throws particularly interesting light on an ideology that was ultimately based on the transcendence of the individual.
Le héros au service du peuple dans la Fantastika postsoviétique
Authors: Lajoye Viktoriya
Published: February 2022

The Hero Serving the People in Post-Soviet Russian Science Fiction.

the various forms of contemporary Russian fantasy literature form a complex, heterogeneous genre at the heart of post-Soviet Russian culture. Alongside their entertainment value, they raise important social and political questions and propose various solutions. Furthermore, a number of these works demonstrate a nostalgia for the past, and the desire to return to a previous era, be it Soviet, or tsarist.
La figure de la Russie dans le dessin de presse russe en France dans l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Lobodenko Kateryna
Published: February 2022

The image of Russia in Russian Satirical Drawings in France.

Mikhail Drizo (pseudonym MAD), who emigrated to Paris in 1920, was one of the first Russian caricaturists to evoke in exile the image of Russia. In his satirical sketches, as in the works of his numerous colleagues such as M. Linsky, F. Rozhankovsky, A. Alexandrov and many others, whose satirical drawings were published in numerous Russian-language periodicals in France, there are always two Russias. First, there is the Russia that existed before the Revolution, the country known as “ Holy Russia”. Then there is the other Russia, the “ Soviet” one that emerged after the Revolution. In our article we analyse the ways in which the Russian caricaturists in exile depicted the country they had lost, how they illustrated that country’s past and present, and portrayed its politics and its values. Discussing images frequently used by exiled Russian caricaturists to describe their country, such as the bear, the woman, or the death and destruction spread by the Soviets, we will attempt to answer the following questions : what were the aims of the Bolsheviks and those who emigrated ? Who served the people ? And who used them ?
Le dialogue entre la prose et la poésie dans Eugène Onéguine
Authors: Voutev Florian
Published: February 2022

The Dialogue between Prose and Poetry in Eugene Onegin.

With his masterpiece Eugene Onegin, Pushkin succeeded in rendering the vast and complex atmosphere of a prose novel in verse form. this surprising approach relies on the confrontation between prose and poetry throughout the work. First of all, Pushkin “ demeans” poetry, both generically, by positing it as merely one literary genre among many others, and thematically. Later on in the work, the lyrical consciousness is first redeemed, before becoming a key means by which the speculative spirit is “ corrected”, as it were. Finally, the permanent conflict between prose and poetry emerges as a harmonious dialogue — a dialogue, furthermore, which plays a central role in transforming Eugene Onegin into a novel. As a hybrid literary genre, Pushkin’s novel in verse remains a unique literary experiment, which both pushes back the expressive confines of poetry and heralds the remarkable Russian realist novels of the 19th century.
La recherche d’un modèle de présentation de l’histoire soviétique dans les années 1990-2000 : l’exemple du manuel scolaire Histoire de la Russie. XXe-début XXIe siècles d’A. Danilov, L. Kosulina, M. brand
Authors: Konkka Olga
Published: February 2022

An analysis of the representation of Soviet history in Russian school textbooks in the 1990s and 2000s : The example of the History of Russia in the 20th and early 21st centuries by A. Danilov, L. Kosulina and M. Brandt.

In russian school history education, the last twenty-five years offer plenty of opportunities for studying the right way of narrating the 20th century in textbooks. The textbook by A. Danilov, L. Kosulina and M. Brandt constitutes an interesting example of all the changes that Russian school history textbooks have undergone since the early 1990s. Occupying the middle ground among the vast array of books which have been published since the disintegration of the USSR, this book has had a particularly large print run since first appearing nearly twenty years ago. Therefore, analysis of this textbook and of some of the amendments that the authors made while reediting it reveals how the vision of the Soviet era has changed in Russia in recent years.
La tragédie de la culture matérielle selon Maximilian Volochine
Authors: Calladine Agnès
Published: February 2022

The Tragedy of Material Culture according to Maximilian Voloshin.

Maximilian Voloshin (1877-1932) often reflected on the consequences of technological progress and the increasing influence of material values on spiritual life. In his “ Ways of Cain” (1923) he retraced this evolution and meditated on symbols such as the fist, the sword, gunpowder, steam, and the machine. All of these are envisaged as landmarks in the rise of a “ culture of fire”. According to Voloshin, the acceleration of technological progress reinforces the devastating effects of human violence. His observations about the ravages of explosives led him to foresee the nuclear age. In his opinion, far from being liberating, technological progress transforms people into slaves of the very machines they themselves have created. This visionary poet also predicted the emergence of consumerist society, in which the world becomes a “ huge stomach”. After outlining his pessimistic vision, Voloshin calls for an intellectual revolution. In his view, humankind must break free from the deadlock to which the “ culture of fire” has led. If people embrace spiritual values once again, they will witness the dawn of the “ culture of explosion”. With his views strongly inspired by his Slavophile heritage, the poet believes that Europe’s destiny is irremediably linked to the “ culture of fire”, while through its inclination towards revolt, the Russian nation carries within itself the “ culture of explosion”, whose rise Voloshin clearly expects.
Les héritages politiques de Boris Eltsine
Authors: Raviot Jean-Robert
Published: February 2022

Boris Yeltsin : what Political Heritage ?

Even if Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin can be characterized as a very typical example of an “ apparachik ” in the purest CPSU style ­ as far as his official curriculum is concerned ­ he has nevertheless developed , from 1987 onwards , a very distinctive charismatic leadership , combining populist anti­elite discourse and strong Caesarianism . Unlike the most commonly widespread approach , this article will show how Boris Yeltsin has established the “ genetic code ” of the Russian post­ Soviet political institutions , whose main characteristics will be present and evidently appear at various times throughout the Yeltsin and Putin presidencies .
1992-1999 - de l'économie administrée à l'économie de marché : envers et contre tout, une mue réussie
Authors: Duchêne Gérard
Published: February 2022

1992­1999 ­ from administered to market economy : a success, after all.

The ten years of Eltsin reign are seen by most Russians as a period of economic disorder and disaster. And yet, they are years of deep transformation, by which Russia became an emerging country integrated with the rest of the world. The present paper draws up the list of characteristics of the pre­existing Soviet economy. It shows how major reforms have been implemented by Eltsin­headed governments, under the well­known banner “ liberalization , privatization , stabilization ”. Simultaneously , these reforms have been fiercely opposed by conservative politicians, leading to a chaotic evolution alternating forward and backward movements. As a result of this creeping opposition, transformations – and specifically the reduction of enterprise subsidies resulting in a growing budget deficit – were insufficient to avoid a major crisis in 1998 ; this shock gave way to some counter­reform measures, which were repealed after a few months so that the general market orientation of Russia was confirmed by Putin.
La désintégration et la recomposition de la puissance russe
Authors: Buffet Julien
Published: February 2022

Disintegration and Recovery of Russian Power (1991­1999).

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the decline and the return of Russia as a power through its internal and external dimensions. Although the international recognition of the new Russia as the Soviet Union’s legal successor seemed to be a major diplomatic coup in the United Nations Security Council , the Western countries used this illusion as a seductive diversionary tactic in the light of the internal collapse of Russian state authority. Indeed , the yeltsinite regime found itself unable to influence significantly its domestic and international environment, because of the Russian identity crisis and the failure of anti­communist nationalism. Thus, the article ties up the primacy of pro­western foreign policy over domestic politics with the weakening of Russian power on the domestic stage. It was only at the behest of Yevgeni Primakov that the Russian power was re­shaped and strengthened through the revival of the civilization­state concept and the multipolarity doctrine. In this way, the Yeltsin era has inspired the new regime features under Vladimir Putin. Keywords : internal and external power, Russian identity crisis, economic liberalization, international relations, Yevgeni Primakov
Development of strategic mechanisms for high-tech enterprises in the digital economy environment
Authors: Sazonov Andrey A.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the development of conceptual provisions and recommendations for the development of strategic mechanisms for the work of high-tech enterprises in order to form an effective leadership strategy in the digital economy. The methodological basis of the study is based on the use of fundamental concepts, publications of modern specialists and scientists on the problems of digitalization. We used such scientific techniques and methods as: synthesis, comparative analysis, systemic and structural approach and method of expert assessments. The theoretical basis of the study was made up of scientific works of foreign and Russian scientists in the field of organizing strategic management, developing strategies and mechanisms for the development of enterprises operating in various sectors of the economy and conducting digital transformation. The process of client-oriented management is considered from the perspective of ecosystem development, which made it possible to form a set of rules for the effective construction and management of ecosystems. The author proposes a model of a roadmap necessary for developing a leadership strategy; the central element of the proposed map is a business model modified based on the synthesis of digital technologies.
The critical role of self-leadership’s in work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors
Authors: Afridi Fakhr E Alam , Jan Shahid , Shah Fayaz Ali
Published: February 2022

This study discuss the relationships between self-leadership, organizational commitment, emotional exhaustion, work engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, and perceived organizational commitment. Using a sample of 280 employees, it was found that self-leadership had a positive relationship with organizational citizenship behaviors. Further, through emotional exhaustion self-leadership had a significant relationship with work engagement. The findings further suggest that perceived organizational support moderated the relationships between self-leadership and both organizational citizenship behaviors and emotional exhaustion. This study filled a void in the literature by critically examining how emotional exhaustion may act as a mechanism in between self-leadership and work engagement/organizational citizenship behaviors.
The rule of law principle in the practice of the ECtHR and national courts
Authors: Pavliuchenko Yuliia , Pysarieva Ella , Turchenko Olha , Sukhanova Daria , Skrypnyk Daria
Published: February 2022

The study aims to reveal the constituent elements of the rule of law (RL), highlighted by the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and individual national courts. It also analyses the feasibility of implementing and consolidating such isolation as a way to overcome the declarative nature of the RL. The versatility of the meanings and content of this principle, its declarative nature of existence and consolidation gives rise to a number of issues, the absence of a solution to which is primarily manifested by the presence of negative consequences in practice, in particular, according to the generally recognized selection of the components of the principle of the RL (PRL), it is advisable and relevant to study official interpretations of the RL. The aim of the work is to identify some fundamental interpretations of the PRL to overcome its declarativeness. The methodological basis of the work consists of the following methods: dialectical, epistemological, functional, axiological, comparative legal method, method of system-structural analysis, method of generalization. The main conclusions are that the interpretation of the RL by the relevant judicial bodies reveals and consolidates the multifaceted content of this principle, but the lack of systematization of such interpretation’s risks creating complications in its practical application.
EGZERSİZİN SİGARA DUMANINA MARUZ KALAN FUTBOLCULARDA KAN OKSİJEN SATÜRASYONU, VÜCUT KOMPOZİSYONU, BİYOMOTOR ÖZELLİKLER İLE SOLUNUM VE DOLAŞIM PARAMETRELERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
Authors: ALTUN Mehmet , İRİADAM Mehmet
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışma, pasif sigara içimine maruz kalan U19-U21 futbolcularda kapiller kan oksijen doygunluğu vücut kompozisyonu, biyomotor özellikler, solunum ve dolaşım sistemleri düzeyleri üzerine sekiz haftalık egzersizin etkilerini araştırmak üzere yapıldı. Araştırma, Şanlıurfa spor (U-21-U19) erkek takımlarında oynayan, sigara dumanına maruz kalan ve kalmayan sigara kullanmamış 22 sporcu olmak üzere toplam 44 futbolcu ile birlikte yürütüldü. Tüm sporculara haftada üç gün, günde 60 dakika (15 dk ısınma hareketleri + 30 dk. interval koşu, dikey sıçrama, iki tekrarlı statik germe + 15 dk. esneme çalışması) olmak üzere sekiz haftalık egzersiz programı uygulandı. Elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortamında karşılaştırılarak değerlendirildi ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak alındı. Sigara dumanına maruz kalan sporcular ile kalmayanların Zorlu Vital Kapasite (FVC) değerleri zamana bağlı olarak karşılaştırıldıklarında p<0.001, zaman*gruba bağlı olarak karşılaştırıldıklarında ise p<0.05 düzeyinde, Zorlu Ekspirasyon Hacmi: (FEV1) de zamana bağlı p<0.001 düzeyinde, Tiffeuau İndeksi (FEV1/FVC%) de gruba bağlı p<0.05 ile zamana bağlı p<0.001 düzeyde, Vital Kapasitelerinde: (VC) zamana bağlı olarak p<0.001 düzeyinde, Kapiller kan oksijen satürasyonu değerlerinde gruba bağlı p<0.05 ile zaman*gruba bağlı p<0.001 düzeyde, nabız değerlerinde gruba bağlı p<0.05 ile zaman*gruba bağlı p<0.001 düzeyde anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sistolik basınç değerlerinde zamana bağlı p<0.05, diastolik basınçta gruba bağlı p<0.05 ile zamana bağlı p<0.001 düzeyde, kas kütlesinde zamana bağlı p<0.001 ile zaman*gruba bağlı p≤0.01 düzeyde, dikey sıçrama, dayanıklılık ve çabuklukta zamana bağlı p<0.001 düzeyinde, süratte zamana bağlı p<0.05 düzeyinde anlamlı değişim gözlenmiştir. Sigaraya maruz kalan sporcuların kalmayanlara göre kapiller kan % oksijen satürasyonu, vücut kompozisyonu, biyomotor özellikler, solunum ve dolaşım sistemleri üzerine etkileri bakımından önemli düzeyde olumsuz etkilendikleri tespit edildi.
SAĞLIK SİSTEMLERİNDE CEVAP VEREBİLİRLİK ÜZERİNE SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME
Authors: DURUR Fatih , AKBULUT Yasemin
Published: February 2022

Bu çalışmada, sağlık sistemlerinde cevap verebilirlik üzerine yapılan uluslararası çalışmaların sistematik derleme yöntemi ile analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, sistematik incelemeler ve meta analizleri için geliştirilen “PRISMA” yönergesi kullanılmış, belirlenen dahil edilme kriterleri doğrultusunda ulaşılan 27 çalışma araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. İnceleme sonucunda sağlık sistemlerinde cevap verebilirlik üzerine yapılmış çalışmaların en fazla 2017 yılında gerçekleştirildiği (n=5) ve en fazla çalışma yapılan ülkenin İran (%25.9) olduğu belirlenmiştir. İncelenen çalışmaların büyük kısmında ayakta ve yatan hastalar (%29.6) birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Cevap verebilirlik alt boyutlarından en yüksek puanı alan alt boyutlar, saygılı tedavi (%25.9), gizlilik (%22.2) ve sosyal destek (%18.5); en düşük puanı alan boyutlar, seçim (%37.04) ve otonomi (%25.9)’dir. Ayrıca cevap verebilirliğinin cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim seviyesi, yerleşim yeri ve hizmet türü gibi değişkenlerden etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Cevap verebilirliğin ölçümü, hem genel sağlık sistemi hem de belirli sağlık hizmetlerinin performans değerlendirmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Cevap verebilirlik çalışmaları üzerinde yapılan bu araştırmada elde edilen bulgular, bütüncül ve derinlemesine bir perspektif sunarak, ulusal düzeyde sağlık sisteminin değerlendirilmesinde yapılacak çalışmalara rehber olabilir, çalışmaların gündeme gelmesini sağlayabilir.
Aerial Lime mortars: An introduction and a brief discussion / Argamassas aéreas de cal: Uma introdução e uma breve discussão
Authors: Oliveira Mateus Antônio Nogueira , De Souza José Victor Brasil
Published: February 2022

In the history, different mortars compositions have been used during the ages in masonry structures. Lime was frequently adopted in the past. In summary, there are two main types of lime: hydraulic and non-hydraulic (aerial). The present review deals with the second type. Herein, the studied lime is specially obtained from the thermal decomposition, called calcination, of limestone (calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Aerial lime mortars have a complex structural behavior. Several aspects influence the material performance. It should be highlighted the carbonation process; it modifies the material properties in time.Historic buildings are subjected to longer exposures, with changing and often unknown environmental conditions, affecting the structural behavior. In the present work a literature review about the use and application of aerial lime mortar as binder in historical mortars is discussed. There are relatively few studies about aerial lime mortar in literature, in this sense the work aims to contribute to the theme. The present text is partially based on the PhD thesis of the first author.
THE PROSPECT OF APPLICATION FOR THE PROTECTIVE TREATMENT OF WASTE WOOD STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBERS
Authors: Nikulina Nadezhda
Published: February 2022

In the present article, the possibility of using a low-molecular copolymer obtained on the basis of the destruction of a by-product of the production of styrene butadiene rubber (coagulum) for the protective treatment of wood is considered. It is shown that the destruction of this copolymer makes it possible to achieve complete dissolution of this waste in toluene and obtain a solution capable of performing the function of varnish. Protective treatment of birch wood makes it possible to increase its water resistance, the service life of products based on it and to dispose of one of the wastes of the petrochemical industry.
STUDY OF THE DESTRUCTION PROCESS OF BIODEGRADABLE WOOD-FILLED PLA-BASED COMPOSITES
Authors: Sabirova G. , Galyavetdinov N. , Mukhametzyanov Sh.
Published: February 2022

research has been carried out on the destruction of wood-filled composites of polylactide in acidic and alkaline media, as well as when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. It was revealed that the most rapid structural destruction of the material occurs in an alkaline environment. In addition, experimental studies in the UV chamber showed that high-temperature treatment of the filler promotes an increase in the biodegradation period. At the same time, the processing temperature of the filler in the composite insignificantly affects the rate of UV destruction.
PENGARUH MODEL INKUIRI BERBANTUAN MEDIA KAHOOT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS IV
Authors: Muryani Asrianti , Purwanti Kartika Yuni
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Inkuiri berbantuan media kahoot terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Desain penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperiment. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling dan didapatkan kelas IVA sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas IVB sebagai kelas eksperimen Moenadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data Observasi, Tes dan Dokumentasi,Teknik analisi data yang digunkan Uji Normalitas,Uji Homogenitas, Uji-t dan Uji Regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : 1) Terdapat perbedaan Model pembelajaran Inkuiri berbantuan media kahoot terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dengan menggunakan uji-t dengan nilai signifikasi 0,017 < 0,05. 2) Terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran Inkuiri berbantuan media kahhot terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, hal ini dibuktikan dengan taraf signifikansi < 0,05 yaitu 0,000 < 0,05.Kata Kunci : Inkuiri berbantuan media kahoot, Berpikir kritis
MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES:
FORMATION OF ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF UKRAINIAN ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kuznetsova Inna , Kublikova Tetiana
Published: February 2022

Introduction. The subject of the research is the mechanisms of innovative enterprises’ activity, its activation, and improvement of effectiveness. The financial support of business entities’ innovative activity sources is considered. The structure of financing innovation activities volumes and dynamics in Ukraine are analyzed. Possibilities of expansion of own enterprises’ financial resources and the possibility of introducing and using unconventional sources of sponsorship of innovative business – leasing financing are highlighted.
The purpose and objective of the research are to systematize the internal alternative sources of funding that ensure innovative enterprise development and formulate proposals for improving the practice of their use.
Method (methodology). The approach of the systems, methods of analysis and synthesis, is applied; as the informative basis of used normatively-legal base and current data of Government service of statistics of Ukraine.
Results. In the variety of aspects of the problem study, the innovative process basic attention applies to the objective-subject structure of the innovative enterprise. As for the mechanisms of providing innovative activity, its activation, and increase of efficiency, these questions are not enough worked out. In the conditions of limited nature: budgeting; own sources for the realization of innovative activity; high-interest credit rates; inflationary biases the problem of search of sourcing purchased today the special sharpness and needs realization of complex researches in this direction. The special value gathers the research in the area of alternative internal sources of funding to provide innovative processes, one of which is financial leasing. The economic importance of financial leasing consists in providing capital for investment and allowing operatively to settle the problems of long-term innovations’ investment. However, today a leasing market, in our country, needs reformation and perfection, in particular through updating its regulation model. The recommendations in the article contribute to the improvement of the legal management framework for innovative activities of Ukrainian enterprises at the stage of leasing relationship implementations.
Conservation Practice and the Future of Doctrinal Texts
Authors: Walter Nigel
Published: February 2022

2021 marks the 90th anniversary of the adoption of the Athens Charter. This, the first international conservation charter, now forms part of the rapidly expanding collection of ‘doctrinal texts’ which undergirds modern conservation. Whatever its strengths and weaknesses, this collection provides a marker of collective identity and is crucial to the self-definition of our discipline.

While they are rightly held in great affection, this paper argues that to approach this collection of texts uncritically risks producing unintended consequences, potentially including the destruction of important heritage. Precisely because of their enduring influence, it is essential that as a discipline conservation engages in knowledgeable criticism of its doctrinal texts, through an appropriate and hermeneutically literate reading. 

This paper first considers the nature of doctrinal texts, before using the notion of ‘doctrine’ to explore some of the parallels and differences between doctrinal texts of a religious nature and those of conservation, and so to introduce the question of hermeneutics. This then leads to a discussion of the relation between theory and practice, and the notion, from Aristotle, of phronesis or practical wisdom. The paper then concludes with consideration of some of the implications conservation of adopting this approach.
Effect of impurities on tiling in a two-dimensional dodecagonal quasicrystal
Authors: Fuwa Masahiro , Sato Masahide
Published: February 2022

Langevin dynamics simulations are performed to examine how impurities affect two-dimensional dodecagonal quasicrystals. We assumed that the interaction potential between two particles is the Lennard–Jones–Gauss potential if at least one of these particles is a matrix particle and that the interaction potential between two impurities is the Lennard–Jones potential. Matrix particles and impurities impinge with constant rates on the substrate created by a part of a dodecagonal quasicrystal consisting of square and triangular tiles. The dependences of the twelve-fold rotational order and the number of shield-like tiles on the impurity density are examined after sufficient solid layers are grown. While the change in the twelve-fold rotational symmetry is small, the number of shield-like tiles in the solid increases greatly with increasing impurity density.
Subband compound with fundamental wave and harmonics in focus wave beamforming
Authors: Zheng Jie , Tagawa Norio , Yoshizawa Masasumi , Irie Takasuke
Published: February 2022

The use of harmonics offers high resolution and low artifact imaging. However, the image intensity depends on the depth of field and is significantly weaker than the fundamental echo. The simultaneous use with the fundamental echo is therefore desirable. However, the frequency bands corresponding to the fundamental and harmonics are different, and the difference in value between their amplitudes is large. Imaging them simultaneously is difficult. Therefore, we propose a method that employs a single short-period transmission of a low-frequency pulse signal so that the fundamental and the harmonic meet. Then we use the subband compound method which treats the fundamental and harmonic bands as a single frequency band. Several regularized subbands of different frequencies are subsequently extracted from the entire frequency band. In effect, this method uses the phase information of the frequency band and improves the spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio through sub-band amplitude modulation while suppressing artifacts.
Populația Republicii Moldova la 30 de ani de independență: provocări principale și politici necesare
Authors:   Institutul Naţional de Cercetări Economice, Gagauz Olga , Buciuceanu-Vrabie Mariana , Pahomii Irina
Published: February 2022

Lucrarea prezintă analiza comprehensivă a dinamicii populației Republicii Moldova ca stat independent în lumina tendințelor de dezvoltare socioeconomică în perioada 1991-2021. În lucrare sunt evidențiate schimbările importante în dinamica demografică, determinate atât de specificul procesului de tranziție demografică, cât și de transformările economice și sociale profunde. Sinteza evaluativă a unor politici publice majore din ultimele trei decenii este prezentată pentru a stabili contextul analizei actuale. Lucrarea integrează prognoza demografică pentru anii 2019-2040 în trei scenarii (scăzut, mediu și înalt) și se încheie cu un set de recomandări pentru factorii de decizie. Lucrarea este adresată ministerelor, administrației publice locale, precum și cercetătorilor, studenților și altorpersoane interesate.