bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O suporte social e a personalidade são significativos para os objetivos de vida de adolescentes de diferentes configurações familiares?
Authors: Mota Catarina Pinheiro , Oliveira Inês
Published: December 2017

O suporte social tem vindo a ser evidenciado na literatura como uma fonte de relevância no que concerne à planificação e estabelecimento de objetivos de vida de jovens adolescentes. Vivências emocionais adversas no contexto familiar, nomeadamente perdas significativas e transições podem, todavia, condicionar este processo. A presente investigação objetiva analisar o papel do suporte social no desenvolvimento de objetivos de vida de jovens de diferentes configurações familiares (famílias tradicionais e jovens em acolhimento institucional), sendo ainda testado o papel mediador da personalidade na associação anterior. A amostra foi constituída por 350 jovens adolescentes portugueses de ambos os géneros, com idades compreendidas entre 13 e os 18 anos, provenientes de famílias tradicionais e em regime de institucionalização. Para recolha de dados foi utilizado o Social Support Appraisals (SSA), Purpose in Life Test (PIL-R) e o Inventário de Personalidade dos Cinco Fatores (NEO-FFI-20). Foram testados modelos de mediação para as diferentes configurações familiares, sendo que os resultados sugeriram que o suporte social apresenta uma associação positiva significativa com os objetivos de vida, e a personalidade desempenha um efeito mediador na associação anterior. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz da teoria da vinculação, considerando a relevância do suporte social no desenvolvimento da personalidade e construção dos projetos de vida.
Estabilidade gráfica das produções escritas e conceptualizações infantis sobre a linguagem escrita: Escrita cursiva e escrita a computador
Authors: Almeida Tiago , Silva Ana Cristina
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as produções escritas de crianças de idade pré-escolar em dois momentos consecutivos e avaliar em que medida a utilização do computador pode aumentar o número de letras corretamente mobilizadas comparativamente à utilização de escrita cursiva. Participaram 90 crianças de 3 jardins-de-infância da área de Lisboa. As crianças eram equivalentes quanto à idade, inteligência e número de letras que conheciam e diferiam no nível conceptual sobre a escrita. Foram criados 3 grupos experimentais (n = 30) definidos em função do nível conceptual (Alves Martins, 1996): silábico com fonetização, silábico-alfabético e alfabético. Os participantes escreveram uma mesma lista de palavras em momentos consecutivos (cursiva e computador) e compararam-se as letras corretamente fonetizadas em cada um dos momentos. As crianças silábicas com fonetização e alfabéticas apresentaram maior número de pares de palavras escritas com identidade total do que as crianças silábico-alfabéticas. Por outro lado, os pares de produções escritas com maior alternância grafo-fonética foram mais frequente nos participantes do nível conceptual silábico-alfabético quando comparadas com as produções das crianças dos outros dois grupos. Os resultados indicam ainda que o número de letras corretamente mobilizadas nas escritas infantis é superior quando a escrita é realizada no computador.
Contributos para a auto-regulação do bebé no Paradigma Face-to-Face Still-Face
Authors: Seixas Íris , Barbosa Miguel , Fuertes Marina
Published: December 2017

Logo após o nascimento o recém-nascido apresenta comportamentos instintivos de auto-regulação, sendo capaz de controlar as suas respostas motoras e vegetativas isolando-se de estímulos perturbadores, organizando-se face ao stress e iniciando ou terminando a interação com os pais. Estes comportamentos evoluem ao longo do primeiro ano de vida. A partir dos 3 meses estes comportamentos parecem organizar-se em estilos comportamentais e ter um peso moderado na qualidade da vinculação mãe-filho(a). No intuito de estudar os processos de auto-regulação do bebé e o papel materno na interação, observámos 98 bebés (46 meninas, 51 primíparos, nascidos com mais de 36 semanas de gestação) e as suas mães, na situação experimental Still-Face aos 3 e aos 9 meses. O comportamento dos bebés foi classificado ou descrito quanto à sua forma de organização comportamental (e.g., capacidade de recuperação após o episódio do Still-Face) e o comportamento materno quanto à qualidade do envolvimento e ao nível de intrusividade. Os resultados indicam diferenças individuais na auto-regulação do bebé, das quais descrevemos e apresentamos 3 padrões de organização de resposta com diferentes estilos comportamentais associados. Estas formas de auto-regulação apresentam uma elevada associação com as respostas maternas, género do bebé e paridade. Os dados deste estudo suportam a tese de que a auto-regulação infantil resulta da capacidade da mobilização dos recursos do bebé e da resposta que recebe para apoiar os seus esforços.
Migración y estrategias intergeneracionales de movilidad social: retos teóricos y metodológicos
Authors: Oso Laura , Suárez-Grimalt Laura
Published: December 2017

Este artículo propone un esquema teórico y metodológico basado en una perspectiva intergeneracional para el estudio de las estrategias de movilidad geográfica y social de los migrantes. Se analizan las maneras en que las familias transnacionales negocian sus estrategias de movilidad social de acuerdo con la posición que cada individuo mantiene en la unidad familiar (padres, madres, hijos mayores, hijos menores, etc.) así como su posición en el proceso migratorio (migración pionera, permanecer en el país de origen, etc.), y se evalúan las acciones que las familias transnacionales realizan a través del tiempo y del espacio para ascender en la escala social. La estrategia metodológica se basa en un estudio cualitativo (narración biográfica), una etnografía multisituada (llevada a cabo en España y Ecuador) y un trabajo de campo longitudinal. El artículo busca sacar a la luz no sólo el papel de los propios migrantes, sino también de los diferentes miembros de la familia que permanecen en el país de origen, como agentes que desarrollan estrategias de movilidad social en el espacio transnacional.
El estudio de iniciativas deportivas locales para jóvenes migrantes desde una perspectiva política: retos metodológicos y prácticos
Authors: García-Arjona Noemi
Published: December 2017

Los procesos de incorporación de los jóvenes migrantes han sido estudiados desde nuevas aproximaciones. Entre éstas, la actividad física y deportiva se ha reivindicado como espacio para la integración social y cultural. La mayoría de las investigaciones se han basado principalmente en perspectivas etnográficas para conocer mejor las experiencias reales de práctica deportiva de los migrantes y sus familias. Sin embargo, existen menos ejemplos enfocados en el análisis del discurso político. Este artículo explora algunos de los retos metodológicos que pueden surgir cuando se eligen las políticas deportivas como tema de estudio. Los principales retos metodológicos considerados incluyen, en primer lugar, entender cómo la población objetivo de estas iniciativas deportivas es definida y etiquetada y, en segundo lugar, desarrollar una selección de criterios comparativos para los diferentes niveles de participantes institucionales. Un análisis en profundidad de estos retos metodológicos puede ayudar a reflexionar sobre los constructos ideológicos del deporte como espacio de integración y subrayar la contribución de la perspectiva de la sociología política a los estudios migratorios existentes.
Pengaruh penerapan carbohydrate loading modifikasi terhadap kesegaran jasmani atlet sepak bola
Authors: Utoro Bayu Febri , Dieny Fillah Fithra
Published: December 2017

Background: The reduction of glycogen stores gradually during sports activities affect the performance of athletes. Carbohydrate loading is a method that aims to increase the glycogen stores are expected to delay fatigue and prevent hypoglycemia at the time of the matchPurpose: The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of modification carbohydrate loading to the physical fitness and some indicators of nutritional status soccer athletesMethods: Experimental studies with approaches one group pre and post test design on 23 athletes aged 14-20 years in Diklat Sepak Bola Bintang Pelajar Semarang Regency  in July 2011. During one week the subjects were given a high carbohydrate intake approximately 70% of the total energy requirement (protein and fat are given to normal) and soccer practice programmed with moderate intensity in the first three days and continued the intensity of light at the second of three days. Measurements included weight, height, percent body fat, lean body mass, blood glucose levels and physical fitness with Asian Committee on the Standarization of Physical Fitness Test (ACSPFT) methodResults: There were significant differences  of physical fitness, physical fitness components (speed and cardiorespiratory endurance), body mass index, percent fat, lean body mass and blood glucose levels before and after treatment with p <0.05Conclusion: Modified carbohydrate loading effected on physical fitness of soccer athletes. Fat mass and lean body mass to be the most influence factors on physical fitness
KAPASITAS DAERAH BANJARNEGARA DALAM PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA ALAM TANAH LONGSOR
Authors: Rahman Amni Zarkasyi
Published: December 2017

Capacity assessment is a parameter in determining the success of disaster risk reduction. The reference for the assessment of capacity in Indonesia is the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) agreed by 160 countries in disaster risk reduction efforts. The implementation of the HFA in Indonesia is ACT 24/2007 about the disaster relief. The capacity assessment was conducted to find out how disaster mitigation efforts in Banjarnegara by looking at disaster mitigation priorities. The purpose of this study was to describe the score capacity in disaster management and disaster risk reduction efforts.The results of this research is the capacity score disaster relief in the region reached 70.46% from 88 indicators so that fall into the category B. It means capacity in Banjarnegara district into disaster management can already be said either. From these results, the main concern is the basic risk factors reduce the efforts through the establishment of "Desa Tangguh Bencana".
CAPAIAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DASAR DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Saputra Trio
Published: December 2017

Minimum service standards hereinafter abbreviated SPM is a provision of the type and quality of basic services that are obligatory area obtained every citizen is entitled to a minimum. Minimum Service Standards health sector Health hereinafter referred SPM is a benchmark performance of health services, held the Regency / City. Health decentralization in Indonesia has been implemented since 2001. Basic health services Pekanbaru City can not be said to be good. Total availability of medical personnel and doctors are not proportional to the population. Distribution of medical personnel and doctors uneven per-districts in the city of Pekanbaru. Besides the availability of health centers, polyclinics and sub Per-districts are also uneven. Pekanbaru city has not had a referral hospital, although their Arifin Achmad.
The Invention of Buddho-Taoism: Critical Historiography of a Western Neologism, 1940s–2010s
Authors: Espesset Grégoire
Published: December 2017

“Buddho-Taoism” is a neologism that appeared in Western academic writings during the late nineteen-forties, was put to various uses without ever being consensually defined, enjoyed a brief vogue around the turn of the twenty-first century, and began to fall from grace in recent years. Not only did this neologism implicitly create new epistemic repertoires derived from the names of two presumably known religions. Increasingly loaded with a heterogeneous subtext pertaining to Western-centred representations of the non-European Other, it has become a highly versatile speech unit. By contextualising the appearance of “Buddho-Taoism” and its attested variants in European-language writings and following their semantic evolution, this essay attempts to shed light on some of the problems raised by its retrospective implementation in contemporary Western discourse on China. It also illustrates the power of seduction of trendy terms that academics tend to overuse without careful consideration for their meaning, thereby adding unnecessary problems to the intrinsic difficulties of their primary materials.
„Was tun im Notfall – Networking, Prävention, Management“
Authors: Balihar Elisabeth
Published: December 2017

Am 7. September 2017 veranstaltete das Kompetenzzentrum Bestandserhaltung für Archive und Bibliotheken in Berlin und Brandenburg (KBE) den „7. Tag der Bestandserhaltung“ für MitarbeiterInnen aus Archiven, Bibliotheken und Interessierte aus anderen Bereichen. Das aktuelle Motto „Was tun im Notfall – Networking, Prävention, Management“ führte zu einer schnell ausgebuchten und sehr spannenden Tagung mit einem großen praktischen Teil am Nachmittag.
Makulierung als Teil des Bestandsmanagements
Authors: Hommes Klaus Peter
Published: December 2017

Die Aussonderung von Beständen gehört ebenso wie die Erwerbung zum Bestandsmanagement Öffentlicher Bibliotheken. Neben die Erhebung von Kennzahlen wie Aktivierungsgrad und Absenzquoten treten sachspezifische und bibliothekspolitische Entscheidungen, um einen attraktiven und aktuellen Medienbestand anzubieten.
Minimax Rates for Statistical Inverse Problems Under General Source Conditions
Authors: Ding Litao , Mathé Peter
Published: December 2017

We describe the minimax reconstruction rates in linear ill-posed
equations in Hilbert space when smoothness is given in terms of
general source sets. The underlying fundamental result, the minimax
rate on ellipsoids, is proved similarly to the seminal study by
D. L. Donoho, R. C. Liu, and B. MacGibbon [4]. These
authors highlighted the special role of the truncated series
estimator, and for such estimators the risk can explicitly be given.
We provide several examples, indicating results for
statistical estimation in ill-posed problems in Hilbert space.
Mixing coded systems
Authors: Dastjerdi Dawoud Ahmadi , Dabbaghian Amiri Maliheh
Published: December 2017

We show that a coded system is mixing if and only if it is totally transitive. If in addition it has a generator the length of whose elements are relatively prime, then it has strong property P.
We continue by showing that a mixing half-synchronized system has such a generator. Moreover, we give an example of a mixing coded system which does not have any generator the length of whose elements are relatively prime.
Emblica officinalis – Anti-obesity activity
Authors: Nazish Iram , Ansari Shahid H
Published: December 2017

Context

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (family-Phyllanthaceae) fruits, known commonly as amla, is extensively used in Indian traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various disorders. The ethanolic E. officinalis extract is reported to have various activity such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in experimental animals.

Objective

To evaluate anti-obesity effect of aqueous E. officinalis extract in murine model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity.

Materials and methods

Male Wistar rats fed with HFD (20 g/day/rat, p.o) for a period of 42 days were used to induce obesity. Aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg bw) administered orally to HFD-fed rats from day 8 to 50 days for a period of 42 days. Body weight gain, serum lipids, insulin and leptin parameters were measured.

Results

Oral feeding of the aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg) to HFD-induced obese rats for a period of 42 days resulted in significant reduction in body weight gain, insulin, leptin, lipids as compared to rats fed HFD alone. Further, the extract also showed significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels.

Discussion and conclusions

These results show that aqueous E. officinalis extract possess significant anti-obesity potential.
Galen vein aneurysm– challenge for treatment
Authors: Crnogorac Snezana , Bozaric Aleksandra Vuksanovic
Published: December 2017

The term vein of Galen aneurysm is related to a group of different vascular anomalies, with one common distinction being the dilatation of the vein of Galen. It represents a rear vascular anomaly, whose incidence is yet unknown, although some authors suggest numbers around 1:25000 deliveries. It accounts for only 1% of all intracranial malformations, but the percentage of this anomaly in pediatric populations is up to 30%. In most cases the diagnosis is made postnatal, while antenatal diagnosis, because of the pathophysiology of aneurysm itself, as well as pathophysiology of its possible complications, is made usually during the third trimester, frequently after the 34th week of gestation. The earliest reported diagnosis was made at 25 weeks’ gestation. In this case we present 25-year old gravida, pregnancy at 28th week of gestation with aneurysm, and sonographically detected aneurysm of the vein of Galen, that ended with termination of pregnancy.
Entropy Generation Calculation of a Turbofan Engine: A Case of CFM56-7B
Authors: Cilgin Mehmet Emin , Turan Onder
Published: December 2017

Entropy generation and energy efficiency of turbofan engines become greater concern in recent years caused by rises fuel costs and as well as environmental impact of aviation emissions. This study describes calculation of entropy generation for a two-spool CFM56-7B high-bypass turbofan widely used on short to medium range, narrow body aircrafts. Entropy generation and power analyses are performed for five main engine components obtaining temperature-entropy, entropy-enthalpy, pressure-volume diagrams at ≈121 kN take-off thrust force. In the study, maximum entropy production is determined to be 0.8504 kJ/kg K at the combustor, while minimum entropy generation is observed at the low pressure compressor component with the value of 0.0025 kJ/kg K. Besides, overall efficiency of the turbofan is determined to be 14 %, while propulsive and thermal efficiencies of the engine are 35 % and 40 %, respectively. As a conclusion, this study aims to show increase of entropy due to irreversibilities and produced power dimension in engine components for commercial turbofans and aero-derivative cogeneration power plants.
A supramolecular tetranuclear zinc(II) complex constructed from an asymmetrical Salamo-type ligand: synthesis, structure and fluorescence properties
Authors: Wang Li , Zhao Qing , Li Xiao-Yan , An Gao-Xian , Dong Wen-Kui
Published: December 2017

The tetranuclear Zn(II) complex, [{ZnL(μ-OAc)Zn(CH3CH2CH2OH)}2], derived from an asymmetrical Salamo-type chelate ligand H3L (5-methoxy-6′-hydroxy-2,2′-[ethanedioxybis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol) has been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectrum, X-ray crystallography, UV/Vis and fluorescence spectra. The structure is made up of four Zn(II) atoms,μ2-coordinated acetate ions and two coordinatedn-propanol molecules, and forms an infinite one-dimensional supramolecular structure via intermolecular C–H···π interactions. The four Zn(II) atoms are penta-coordinated and show slightly distorted trigonal bipyramidal and tetragonal pyramidal symmetries.
A Strategy to Determine Partial Discharge in XLPE Power Cables Using Acoustic Emission Detection Technique
Authors: Jingle Jabha D. F. , Selvi K. , Joselin R.
Published: December 2017

Acoustic emission (AE) is a nondestructive technique that has unique potential for evaluating degradation and possibly for failure prediction, as well, of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. This technique is more suited in high-voltage tests because of its external antielectromagnetism interference. The authors have demonstrated its capability toward failure prediction on XLPE cables. In this study, five sets of fifty identical XLPE cables were taken up for the investigation. These tests were carried out on both damaged and undamaged conditions. The AE data acquired during loading cycles is analyzed, and a lucid empirical relation is developed to predict their failure performance. Even though there is no pinpoint method spelled out in the open literature for the failure prediction of XLPE cables, one could appreciate the approach that impending failure is significant even at 50–60 % of maximum expected operating voltage with a reasonable error margin. Moreover, this methodology can also be applied to predict in real time the failure of similar XLPE cables made of other material systems.
Vibration Levels in Vans as a Function of Payload and Leaf Spring Sheet Number
Authors: Böröcz Péter
Published: December 2017

Measuring the vehicle vibration environment is essential to understanding and simulating the adequacy of a packaged-product system and its ability to ensure protection from transportation hazards. In the transportation industry, various vehicles are used to perform shipping tasks, including light commercial vehicles that became the most popular vehicles in single unit and lightweight package transportation. In this study, the transport vibration levels in vans were measured as a function of payload and number of leaf spring sheets used. The vans consisted of one with a 20 % payload of total capacity and another with an 80 % payload. The vans were divided into two groups: those with a single leaf spring and those with a double leaf spring. The measurement conditions were the motorway and speed between 110 and 130 km/h. The results revealed that transport vibration levels are affected by payload and the number of spring sheets. A low payload and single leaf spring contributed to the highest transport vibration levels. The power density level peaks were between 1.5 and 3.5 Hz, then around 15 Hz.
Prestimulus EEG Power Predicts Conscious Awareness But Not Objective Visual Performance
Authors: Benwell Christopher S. Y. , Tagliabue Chiara F. , Veniero Domenica , Cecere Roberto , Savazzi Silvia , Thut Gregor
Published: December 2017

Prestimulus oscillatory neural activity has been linked to perceptual outcomes during performance of psychophysical detection and discrimination tasks. Specifically, the power and phase of low frequency oscillations have been found to predict whether an upcoming weak visual target will be detected or not. However, the mechanisms by which baseline oscillatory activity influences perception remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that the frequently reported negative relationship between α power and stimulus detection may be explained by changes in detection criterion (i.e., increased target present responses regardless of whether the target was present/absent) driven by the state of neural excitability, rather than changes in visual sensitivity (i.e., more veridical percepts). Here, we recorded EEG while human participants performed a luminance discrimination task on perithreshold stimuli in combination with single-trial ratings of perceptual awareness. Our aim was to investigate whether the power and/or phase of prestimulus oscillatory activity predict discrimination accuracy and/or perceptual awareness on a trial-by-trial basis. Prestimulus power (3–28 Hz) was inversely related to perceptual awareness ratings (i.e., higher ratings in states of low prestimulus power/high excitability) but did not predict discrimination accuracy. In contrast, prestimulus oscillatory phase did not predict awareness ratings or accuracy in any frequency band. These results provide evidence that prestimulus α power influences the level of subjective awareness of threshold visual stimuli but does not influence visual sensitivity when a decision has to be made regarding stimulus features. Hence, we find a clear dissociation between the influence of ongoing neural activity on conscious awareness and objective performance.
Processing of Natural Echolocation Sequences in the Inferior Colliculus of Seba’s Fruit Eating Bat,Carollia perspicillata
Authors: Beetz M. Jerome , Kordes Sebastian , García-Rosales Francisco , Kössl Manfred , Hechavarría Julio C.
Published: December 2017

For the purpose of orientation, echolocating bats emit highly repetitive and spatially directed sonar calls. Echoes arising from call reflections are used to create an acoustic image of the environment. The inferior colliculus (IC) represents an important auditory stage for initial processing of echolocation signals. The present study addresses the following questions: (1) how does the temporal context of an echolocation sequence mimicking an approach flight of an animal affect neuronal processing of distance information to echo delays? (2) how does the IC process complex echolocation sequences containing echo information from multiple objects (multiobject sequence)? Here, we conducted neurophysiological recordings from the IC of ketamine-anaesthetized bats of the speciesCarollia perspicillataand compared the results from the IC with the ones from the auditory cortex (AC). Neuronal responses to an echolocation sequence was suppressed when compared to the responses to temporally isolated and randomized segments of the sequence. The neuronal suppression was weaker in the IC than in the AC. In contrast to the cortex, the time course of the acoustic events is reflected by IC activity. In the IC, suppression sharpens the neuronal tuning to specific call-echo elements and increases the signal-to-noise ratio in the units’ responses. When presenting multiple-object sequences, despite collicular suppression, the neurons responded to each object-specific echo. The latter allows parallel processing of multiple echolocation streams at the IC level. Altogether, our data suggests that temporally-precise neuronal responses in the IC could allow fast and parallel processing of multiple acoustic streams.
Layer-specific Developmental Changes in Excitation and Inhibition in Rat Primary Visual Cortex
Authors: Tatti Roberta , Swanson Olivia K. , Lee Melinda S. E. , Maffei Arianna
Published: December 2017

Cortical circuits are profoundly shaped by experience during postnatal development. The consequences of altered vision during the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity have been extensively studied in rodent primary visual cortex (V1). However, little is known about how eye opening, a naturally occurring event, influences the maturation of cortical microcircuits. Here we used a combination of slice electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry in rat V1 to ask whether manipulating the time of eye opening for 3 or 7 d affects cortical excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission onto excitatory neurons uniformly across layers or induces laminar-specific effects. We report that binocular delayed eye opening for 3 d showed similar reductions of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in layers 2/3, 4, and 5. Synaptic transmission recovered to age-matched control levels if the delay was prolonged to 7 d, suggesting that these changes were dependent on binocular delay duration. Conversely, laminar-specific and long-lasting effects were observed if eye opening was delayed unilaterally. Our data indicate that pyramidal neurons located in different cortical laminae have distinct sensitivity to altered sensory drive; our data also strongly suggest that experience plays a fundamental role in not only the maturation of synaptic transmission, but also its coordination across cortical layers.
DNA methylation in epigenetic inheritance of metabolic diseases through the male germ line
Authors: Illum Louise Ruby Høj , Bak Stine Thorhauge , Lund Sten , Nielsen Anders Lade
Published: December 2017

The global rise in metabolic diseases can be attributed to a complex interplay between biology, behavior and environmental factors. This article reviews the current literature concerning DNA methylation-based epigenetic inheritance (intergenerational and transgenerational) of metabolic diseases through the male germ line. Included are a presentation of the basic principles for DNA methylation in developmental programming, and a description of windows of susceptibility for the inheritance of environmentally induced aberrations in DNA methylation and their associated metabolic disease phenotypes. To this end, escapees, genomic regions with the intrinsic potential to transmit acquired paternal epigenetic information across generations by escaping the extensive programmed DNA demethylation that occurs during gametogenesis and in the zygote, are described. The ongoing descriptive and functional examinations of DNA methylation in the relevant biological samples, in conjugation with analyses of non-coding RNA and histone modifications, hold promise for improved delineation of the effect size and mechanistic background for epigenetic inheritance of metabolic diseases.
КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ПЕРЕВОДА АНТАНАСОМ КРИЩЮКАЙТИСОМ-АИШБЕ РАССКАЗА Ю. ФЕДЬКОВИЧА «КТО ВИНОВАТ?»
Authors: Пахолок Зинаида
Published: December 2017

В статье рассмотрены культурно-исторические и социологические детерминанты деятельности литовского писателя в качестве переводчика. Уточнен перевод на русский язык его литературного псевдонима, в основу которого был положен структурно-семантический принцип образования. Особое внимание уделено рассказу «Кто виноват?» Ю. Федьковича. Украинский писатель поднял проблему, имеющую общечеловеческий характер – мечта о счастье и семейные обстоятельства, препятствующие этому. Затем эту же проблему исследовал И. Франко в пьесе «Украденное счастье», поставленную в Паневежисе. Знакомство А. Крищюкайтиса-Аишбе c рассказом «Кто виноват?» состоялось опосредованно, с помощью русского перевода Н. Н. Златовратского. Установлено, что в основе двух переводов лежат идентичные социально-исторические условия и психологическое сходство художественного мышления творческих натур в решении главной проблемы литературы: человек и окружающая действительность. Проанализирована интерпретация рассказа Ю. Федьковича литовским переводчиком, связанная с трансформацией номинаций героев и локаций в переводе.
РЕЦЕПЦИЯ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТАТУСА ЧЕЛОВЕКА В МАЛОЙ ПРОЗЕ Ф. М. ДОСТОЕВСКОГО («СКВЕРНЫЙ АНЕКДОТ»)
Authors: Безруков Андрей Н.
Published: December 2017

В статье рассматривается специфика малой прозы Ф. М. Достоевского, влияющей на становление объемных романных конструктов писателя. Рецепция художественного текста, герменевтическое толкование рассказа «Скверный анекдот» позволяет подойти к более сложной оценке фигуры человека в изображении Достоевского. Особое внимание уделяется типологической парадигме изменений художественного образа и возможной динамике целостной интерпретации литературного произведения.
Atlanto-axial subluxation with cervical myelopathy operated with occipital C2 fusion: A case report
Authors: Kadam Rahul , Bauva Vishal , Shah Krutarth , Yadav Sunil
Published: December 2017

Background: Atlantoaxial subluxation with cervical myelopathy is a rare condition that can occur mainly by trauma followed by Rheumatoid arthritis, Grisel syndrome, Down’s syndrome and various other metabolic disorders. It is characterized by excessive movement of atlas (C1) over axis (C2) either by bony or ligamentous abnormality. Due to its laxity the spinal cord may get damaged and cause neurologic symptoms. Reduction and fixation is needed for such instability.

Case Report: This 55-year-old gentleman was apparently all right 4 years back when he gradually developed difficulty in walking and imbalance. Bilateral Babinski sign was positive, All deep tendon reflexes were brisk; muscle tone was increased with clasp-knife spasticity present in all four limbs. Ankle and patellar clonus was present bilaterally. His X-ray cervical spine showed C1-C2 subluxation in flexion and extension views. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of Cranio-vertebral junction.  Mild subluxation of atlantoaxial joint (3.1 mm) with posterior displacement of dens causing narrowing of bony cervical spinal canal with reduced distance between posterior aspect of dens of C2 and anterior aspect of posterior arch of C1 vertebrae was noticed. Atlas was also slightly displaced anteriorly in relation to baso-occiput. We managed this patient with occipital cervical fusion after reduction from a posterior approach using screws and rods construct and fusion with bone graft from iliac crest. Post operatively the patient was able to walk without any support and tone of the muscles in lower limb decreased, no tingling or numbness are present, no signs of local infection or inflammation.

Conclusion: We suggest to operate atlanto-axial subluxation and cervical myelopathy with occipital C2 fusion.
Emergence of New Risk Factors for causing Hypertension
Authors: Mehta Varshil
Published: December 2017

The major risk factors which we have been hearing since decades for causing hypertension are high salt diet, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, age, race, consuming tobacco, sedentary lifestyle, stress, drinking too much alcohol etc. However, there are many studies which shows that sugar, fats and low vitamin d levels are equally responsible for causing hypertension. The article will put forward some interesting points to show that sugars, fats and vitamin d levels equally play an important role in causing hypertension.
Contexts and Opportunities of e-Health Technology in Medical Care
Authors: Zaman Sojib Bin , Hossain Naznin , Ahammed Shad , Ahmed Zubair
Published: December 2017

Keeping up with a sound health is a fundamental right for the human beings. It also acts as an indicator of the socio-economic development of a country. However, nowadays keeping sound health is challenging because of rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases. Concurrently, we are on the edge of very fast technological advancement which includes usage of cellular technology, high-speed internet and wireless communications. These technologies and their unique applications are creating lots of new dimensions in health care system which is known as e-Health. The medical call centers, emergency toll-free telephone services are being used in all over the world. The newly developed electronic health system can play a vital role in the remote regions of emerging and developing countries although sometimes it seems difficult due to the lack of communication infrastructure. E-Health can be a promising aspect for providing public health benefits if it integrates with the conventional medical system. More strategic approaches are necessary for the planning, development, and evaluation of e-Health. This article is written to depict the existing and future opportunities of e-Health in health support system.
An Association of Total Health Expenditure with GDP and Life Expectancy
Authors: Zaman Sojib Bin , Hossain Naznin , Mehta Varshil , Sharmin Shuchita , Mahmood Shakeel Ahmed Ibne
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Gradual  total health expenditure (THE) has become a major concern. It is not only the increased THE, but also its unequal growth in  overall economy, found among the developing countries. If increased life expectancy is considered as a leverage for an individual’s investment in health services, it can be  expected that as the life expectancy increases, tendency of health care investment will also experience a boost up. Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore and identify the association of healthcare expenditure with the life expectancy and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in developing countries, especially that of Bangladesh. Methodology: Data were retrospectively collected from “Health Bulletin 2011” and “Sample Vital Registration System 2010” of Bangladesh considering the fiscal year 1996 to fiscal year 2006. Using STATA, multivariable logistic regression was performed to find out the association of total health expenditure with GDP and life expectancy. Results: A direct relationship between GDP and total health expenditure was found through analysing the data. At the individual level, income  had a direct influence on health spending. However, there was no significant relationship between total health expenditure with increased life expectancy. Conclusion: The present study did not find any association between life expectancy and total health expenditure. However, our analysis found out that total health expenditure is more sensitive to gross domestic product rather than life expectancy.
Ilizarov in Distal Radial Fractures
Authors: Prakash Lakshmanan
Published: December 2017

Fracture dislocations around the wrist are managed either by scaffolding it with a plaster or with internal fixation devices. The present video below presents forward a third option i.e. Closed ligamentotaxis with ilizarov frame. This is an extremely simple, atraumatic and wonderful solution.

Keywords: Radial fractures, Ilizarov technique.
Students' Engagement during Collection of Attendance: An Experience of a Pilot Study
Authors: Mondal Himel , Mondal Shaikat
Published: December 2017

In many medical colleges in India, the annual intake for an undergraduate course is 250. Recording attendance of 250 students is a humongous task. It involves an average of 8.93 ± 1.06 minutes, which is approximately 15% of the total time of the one-hour lecture. During this time, students commonly sit idly while waiting for their roll number call. Interestingly, continuous calling of 250 roll numbers at a stretch is an additional voice stress to the teachers. With this background, we designed a program – students’ engagement during collection of attendance (SEdCA). A comprehension test about the lecture topic was conducted in five minutes, and the answer sheets were collected in the next three minutes. These answer sheets were then scanned (i.e., looked at all parts of answer sheets) for roll numbers and were recorded in the register. This method keeps the students engaged in an academic activity during the time of attendance recording. It also helps in reduction of voice stress to the teachers. This method of attendance collection may be adapted by institutions according to available logistics especially when their student’s strength is more than 250.

Keywords: Attendance, Concentration, Medical students, University, Voice disorder.
A talajok mechanikai összetétel vizsgálata pipettás ülepítéses módszerrel: a hazai és a nemzetközi szabvány szerinti eljárások összehasonlítása és konverziója
Authors: Makó András , Hernádi Hilda , Barna Gyöngyi , Balázs Réka , Molnár Sándor , Labancz Viktória , Tóth Brigitta , Bakacsi Zsófia
Published: December 2017

The particle size distribution (PSD) values obtained for a soil database representing the main Hungarian soil types using the Hungarian standard (MSZ-08-0205-78) and the international standard (ISO/DIS 11277:1994) were compared with the pipette method. The relationship between these PSDs and other physical soil characteristics (upper limit of plasticity according to Arany, water vapour adsorption according to Sík) was also analysed, and a suggestion was made of how these results could be converted into each other.

Experience showed that the pre-treatments applied as part of the ISO/DIS method may change the ratio of particle size fractions: there was a significant increase in the clay content, while the silt content decreased to a lesser and the sand content to a greater extent, possibly because some of the particles remain in microaggregate form when the MSZ method is used. The results confirmed the greater accuracy of the ISO/DIS method: the clay contents measured with the ISO/DIS method exhibited stronger correlations with the upper limit of plasticity according to Arany and with hygroscopicity values than those measured with the MSZ method.

The estimated ISO/DIS fractions became much closer to the measured ones when the suggested pedotransfer functions were applied. The conversion method proved to be more reliable for the prediction of clay and sand content than for silt content. In its present form the estimation method is not suitable for replacing the ISO/DIS method, but it could be of good service in research and comparative analysis in cases where only the MSZ method can be used or where only old MSZ PSD data exist.
Folyadék-visszatartás, folyadékvezetés és porozitás összefüggései vízzel és/vagy szerves folyadékkal telített talajokban. II. Folyadékvezető-képesség – Szemle
Authors: Hernádi Hilda , Barna Gyöngyi , Makó András
Published: December 2017

Modelling the flow and transport of fluids (water and non-aqueous phase liquids or NAPLs) in porous systems or soils requires the accurate and reliable determination of basic input modelling parameters, such as liquid retention (Pc–S) and conductivity (Ksat, Kh). Methods for the determination (measurement and estimation) of water retention and conductivity have improved enormously over the last 60 years (Table 1). Promising results verified the applicability of pedotransfer functions (PTF) and their incorporated versions into software and submodels. However, the development of models was only aimed at improving methods with which these hydrological parameters could be determined for water, while calculations for NAPLs can still only be made indirectly. Several studies (e.g. in the petroleum industry, and research for environmental or hydrological purposes) revealed differences in the relationship between the hydraulic properties and pore system of the porous solid phase. Interactions (swelling-shrinking, desaggregation, etc.) between the phases may be significantly different in water/soil and NAPL/soil systems, affecting the efficiency of modelling. However, relatively few well-documented results have been published on the measurement of these hydraulic properties for NAPL-type fluids using a sufficient number of real, especially undisturbed soils. The establishment of databases of this sort might provide a basis for creating and developing PTF-type estimation methods for predicting NAPL retention and conductivity. Furthermore, it might improve our knowledge on interactions specific to the solid and fluid phases of pore systems, and also on the soil properties influencing the pore size distribution of soils (e.g. soil structure, the size distribution, morphology or stability of aggregates) and their relationship with the hydrophysical properties of the soil.
Continuous-Flow Chemistry in Chemical Education
Authors: Blanco-Ania Daniel , Rutjes Floris P. J. T.
Published: December 2017

While continuous-flow chemistry is steadily increasing its footprint in academic research and in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical intermediates and fine chemicals, the attention for flow chemistry in educational programs is on average rather limited. This account is meant to provide a personal overview of the possibilities to address the involvement of flow chemistry in the various stages of chemical education.
newSLATE
Authors: Hopp Marsha , Hopp Theodore
Published: December 2017

The newSLATE environment provides a Web-based infrastructure for language learning. Its design and implementation were driven by the difficulties of non-Roman-script text handling. The software features a cross-platform approach to non-Roman text input and handling and a novel method for automatically generating online quizzes from study materials. The core services available in newSLATE include editing of multilingual text, storing files online, exchanging files between users, generating quizzes automatically from stored files, and taking quizzes for practice. It currently supports Hebrew, Yiddish, English, French, German, and Spanish, with work in process to add support for Arabic and other languages.
Challenge of Developing and Implementing Multimedia Courseware for a Japanese Language Program
Authors: Kabata Kaori , Wiebe Grace , Chao Tracy
Published: December 2017

This paper discusses issues surrounding the development and implementation of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) at the curriculum- and program-levels. The Japanese program at the University of Alberta has introduced CALL courseware in language courses including those with multiple sections. An evaluation was conducted at the initial implementation stage to measure the success of the project. The results of the evaluation indicated that students and instructors were positive towards the curriculum reform through the implementation of CALL technologies. However, several issues also arose during the integration process. We found that the seamless integration of technologies was difficult to achieve, especially in dealing with a language like Japanese which requires additional software to display and input the idiographic characters. Our experience also underscores the importance of student support in the implementation stage. Special consideration should be taken to achieve a good "fit" between pedagogy and technology. Moreover, each instructor's understanding and sharing of his or her view of the CALL integrated instruction was found to be vital for a program-level CALL implementation. The University of Alberta case serves as an example and benchmark for others planning to conduct a similar project.
Form-focused Interaction in Online Tandem Learning
Authors: O'Rourke Breffni
Published: December 2017

Tandem language learning a configuration involving pairs of learners with complementary target/native languages is an underexploited but potentially very powerful use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in second-language pedagogy. Tandem offers the benefits of authentic, culturally grounded interaction, while also promoting a pedagogical focus among participants. CMC-based tandem promises, in addition, those benefits believed to accrue from text-based interaction, in particular, promotion of conscious attention to language forms in the course of meaningful communication. This paper presents data from a study based on the spontaneous interactions of tandem partners during a weekly, term-long synchronous exchange based in a MOO (Object-Oriented Multi-User Domain). It begins with an introduction to the concept of tandem language learning. The theoretical background, sketched briefly, is a model of instructed second-language acquisition that emphasizes the role of metalinguistic awareness. The empirical section examines negotiation of meaning, a discourse phenomenon held to bring about metalinguistic focus, and, more specifically, signal form and focus. The study analyzes learner interactions along the parameters of home country (Ireland or Germany), current tandem role (NS or NNS), and utterance language. It is suggested that the behaviors observed in this project have their roots in both the tandem learning setup and the text-based medium.