bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simple DNA Extraction for Phytoplankton Using Chelex 100 v2
Authors: Jason Smith G
Published: May 2017

This is a modification of the origianl Chelex 100 extraction described by Walsh, Metzger and Higuchi (1991 BioTechniques 10(4):506). Adding PVPP facilitates working with environmental samples as well as pure cultures hi in phenolics or other contaminants.
Inclusive Education of Students with Disabilities in the Regional Multidisciplinary University: The Experience of Cherepovets State University
Authors: Denisova O.A. , Lekhanova O.L.
Published: June 2017

This article describes the regional experience of teaching students with disabilities in a multidisciplinary university. Analysis of resources and algorithms of educational support provided at the university creates the opportunity to share this experience and to evaluate its significance for the development of higher inclusive education, as well as to assess the perspectives for its application in similar educational environments. Consulting, education, coordination and rehabilitation services are the main forms of assistance to students and teachers at all stages of education and socialization of people with disabilities. The university has a department that provides support to students with disabilities and their teachers. The analysis of the successes and challenges of higher education of persons with disabilities shows that there is an objective need to unite the efforts of the university with the regional non-governmental organizations and the authorities of the region, with health care, education and social services in order to support young people with disabilities.
ENHANCEMENT OF THE STRATEGY FOR THE EMPLOYMENT AND INTEGRATION INTO THE WORK ENVIRONMENT OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Živitere Marga , Oborenko Zaiga , Konstantinova Elina
Published: May 2017

The paper is prepared as a forecast of the employment strategy towards to the EU Lisbon goals - to promote employment and social inclusion for all people. The problems are the inadequate employment of persons with disabilities. The objectives of the research study were as follows: to clarify the problem of above mentioned attitude of employers and the main reasons for not hiring people with disabilities several problems can be identified. Information for the paper is gathered through contacting experts - respondents and conducting extensive literature reviews. The research approach was based on the premise that employers with professional training of employees with disability are responsible for recruitment, pre-employment screening and other workplace practices that positively affect the hiring and retention of this group. It is hoped that the outcome of the research study will assist in reducing all forms of existing barriers with special emphasis on attitudinal barriers against prospective employees with disabilities. Furthering the integration of persons with disabilities into the mainstream activities will promote the employment of people with disabilities and thereby would make a considerable effort to integrate inactive labour resources into the labour market to promote the achievement of the EU Lisbon goals.
UNIFORM CHARAKTERIZING ASPECTS AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Mežinska Silvija
Published: May 2017

The topicality of the research is based on Latvian Interior system officials everyday uniform non-compliance with modern requirements. The aim of the article is to determine uniform characterizing elements and design development conditions, based on the theoretical study of uniforms in modern context. The methods of research: theoretical – investigation and analysis of relevant literature, internet resources and regulatory documents. Empirical – methods of data collecting and processing: case study criteria analysis, focus-group discussions, expert interviews. Research base: 36 respondents of Ministry of the Interior system, 4 experts; period of the research 2015-2016. The research has practical meaning, because it it is based on current situation research, meeting with the uniform users, discussing reasons of dissatisfaction with the current uniform, which provides uniform requirements for clothing designer. Results of the research support the choice of evaluation criteria for the analogue evaluation, and determines groups of criteria for evaluation of the developed design samples.
EVALUATION OF CORRUPTION PREVALENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATVIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Vilks Andrejs
Published: May 2017

The paper analyses some trends in the development of the Latvian economy and the evaluation of the prevalence of corruption, based on the results of different international studies. The initial situation analysis in the field of the economy does not indicate any direct negative correlations as to the scope of economic and financial corruption. Major essential studies on corruption admit that corruption is related to an ineffective, non-transparent public administration system, it facilitates irrational use of public resources, increases the uncontrollable economic segment, decreases the population welfare level, undermines confidence in public institutions, etc. Prevention and combating of corruption, despite the strivings of law enforcement authorities, are considered to be insufficiently effective. In the studies practically no attention is paid to the possible positive elements of corruption, which are hard to be identified. In the paper the author also outlines unconventional aspects of corruption.
ART PSYCHOLOGY: A SYMBOLYC PAINTING ANALYSIS
Authors: Makarevičs Valērijs
Published: May 2017

Painter at all times had interest in that, how an audience perceive their works. This problem touches the questions of aesthetics not only. The picture can not speak the words. But the color, objects and their position in space can convey the meaning of what is consciously or unconsciously, the author wanted to say. There is a method of knowledge the meanings of art. This is a symbolic analysis. We applied this method to the analysis of paintings by Russian artist Repin. Analysis of space objects and the colors of numerous works of the author allowed, as we think, to decipher the true meaning of the work of the author.
V6: The Reflectometer at BER II
Authors: Trapp Marcus
Published: May 2017

V6 is a fixed wavelength reflectometer dedicated to the investigation of thin films and surface structures at solid-air, solid-liquid and free liquid surfaces. The instrument is equipped with polarization analysis for studies of magnetic thin films, also in external magnetic fields and at low temperature.
Heavy Metal Contain Cu and Cd on the Mullet in the estuary of Donan River, Cilacap, Central Java
Authors: Prastyo Yudha , Batu Djamar T.F Lumban , Sulistiono Sulistiono
Published: May 2017

The estuary of Donan River is an aquatic area that commonly utilized for some activities such as industrial, fisheries and domestic activities. The effluents of many activities may be cause heavy metal contamination for water enivornemant and organism live in the water. The aim of this research was to analyse heavy metal contain Cu and Cd on the mullet (Chelon subviridis) muscle caught at estuary of Donan River, and to determine the safety limit for community consumption. Sampling had been carried out for 6 months, from August 2015 to January 2016. Heavy metal concentration was measured by AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer). Result of the study shows that heavy metal Cu and Cd in the fish muscle were 0.5009-2.6021 mg/kg and 0.0165-0.2307 mg/kg, respectively that were higher than safety limit.  Based on the study, the safety limit for consumption is 151.72 g meat/week (for adult 50 kg body weight) and 45.52
g meat/week (for child 15 kg body weight).
Imunomodulator Activity of Alginate Oligosaccharides from Alginate Sargassum crassifolium
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono , Perangiangin Rosmawati , Suhartono Maggy Thenawidjaja , Zakaria Fransiska Rungkat
Published: May 2017

Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are oligosaccharides produced from depolimerization of the alginate polymer, and is reported to have various biological activities. The study aims is to determine the effect of AOS
production conditions and their effects on products and its activities as an immunomodulatory compound. Production of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) enzymatically carried out with the help of alginate lyase enzyme produced from the bacterium Bacillus megaterium S245. Variation of incubation time is 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours at concentrations of alginate lyase enzyme addition of 25, 50, 75 and 100U. Treatment of enzyme concentration and the duration of incubation in the production of AOS produces a degree of polymerization (DP) 2-7. In vitro activity test showed AOS is have ability to induce cell proliferation of human lymphocytes.
This type of cell lymphocytes proliferation induced by AOS is a CD 8 cells or cytotoxic T cell and non cell CD4 / CD8. AOS production conditions with the addition of alginate lyase enzyme 50 U and incubation period 2 hours has produce AOS with the highest index of lymphocyte proliferation  117.6+3.6% or an increase of 43.24% compared to the native alginat polymer.
Production of Alginate Oligosaccharides (AOS) as Prebiotic Ingredients through by Alginate lyase enzyme
Authors: Afni Fahriza Sri , Purwaningsih Sri , Nurilmala Mala , Peranginangin Rosmawati
Published: May 2017

Prebiotics is indigestible foods that can not be digested but can stimulate the growth and activity of bacteria in the digestive tract effecting human health. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) can be used as a source of prebiotic. That compounds can be produced enzymatically by cutting long chain alginates using alginate lyase. The aim of this study was to produce alginate lyase enzyme then producing Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) as a prebiotic ingredients. The alginate lyase enzyme can be produced from Bacillus megaterium bacteria using a discontinuous fermentor. The enzyme was  optimum temperature of 45°C and an optimum pH of 7.0. Alginate oligosaccharides production was performed with the addition of different enzyme concentrations 25, 50, 75, and 100 U. The result of the addition of enzyme (25, 50,75 U) showed that the value of polymerization degrees (DP) were between 4-5. However, the addition of enzyme (100 U) was in the range of  DP 3-4. Bacterial probiotic growth test results of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus showed that 1% added AOS media were able to increase the growth of probiotic bacteria compared to the
media without addition of AOS. The addition Alginate lyase activity of 50 U in AOS production is the best treatment of both probiotic bacteria.
Purification of Sardine Fish Oil Through Degumming and Neutralization
Authors: Bija Stephanie , Suseno Sugeng Heri , Uju Uju
Published: May 2017

The quality of sardine fish oil can be improved by purification method through the step of degumming and neutralization. The aimed of this this study was analysis characteristic of crude sardin fish oil and determined the best method of purification. Degumming was carried out using 30% water and salt at concentration 5%, 8%, 10% b/v. Neutralization process using  NaOH with 16°Be and bleaching using 5% Magnesol XL. All step of refining was done at 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C. The result of analysis showed that sardine crude fish oil had 24.86% of palmitic acid as the highest fatty acid, heavy metal was not detected,
dencity was 0.92 g/cm3 and viscocity was 51 cPs. The best treatment of purification method was degumming using 5% NaCl at 50°C with rendement 65.37±0.72%; free fatty acid (FFA) 0.38±0.03%; peroxide (PV) 1.07±0.12 mEq/kg; anisidine (p-AnV) 15.18±0.16 mEq/kg; total oxidation value (TOTOX) 17.31±0.39 mEq/kg; and clarity was 75.09± 1.20%.
Rés negras, juízes brancos: uma análise da interseccionalidade de gênero, raça e classe na produção da punição em uma prisão paulistana
Authors: Alves Dina
Published: May 2017

This paper aims to offer an intersectional analysis of gender attributes, race and class in the distribution of punishment, in São Paulo's criminal system. For both court decisions and interviews with imprisoned black women were analyzed in the year 2015. The work suggests that the criminal justice system works as racial domination instrument, because it is in its administration that manifests explicitly the intersection of the axes vulnerability –outlined by race, class and gender– in the production of categories of individuals punishable.
SELEÇÃO DE SISTEMAS ERP USANDO A TÉCNICA SQFD
Authors: Mialaret Lineu Fernando Stege , Fagundes Evandro De Souza
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de adaptar a técnica Desdobramento da Função Qualidade do Software (Software Quality Function Deployment - SQFD), visando auxiliar na escolha de Sistemas de Gestão Empresarial (Enterprise Resource Planning – ERP ou Sistemas ERP) para micros, pequenas ou médias empresas. Para utilizar a técnica SQFD para a seleção de Sistemas ERP deve-se fazer adaptações dos requisitos e especificações da matriz de qualidade, de acordo com as necessidades de clientes.
TRATAMENTO DE RIZOGÊNESE INCOMPLETA COM REVASCULARIZAÇÃO PULPAR: CASO CLÍNICO
Authors: Santos Beatriz Gabriela , Wild Iana , Marin Miguel Christian Castillo , Cardoso Flávia Goulart da Rosa
Published: June 2017

A revascularização, proporciona continuação do desenvolvimento radicular em espessamento das paredes radiculares. Foi estabelecido um protocolo dividido em duas sessões. Na primeira sessão foi realizado acesso ao canal radicular, odontometria, PQC (preparo químico-cirúrgico) pela técnica seriada preconizada da lima #40 tipo K até a lima #80 tipo K, utilizando hipoclorito de sódio 2,5% como irrigação, e medicação intracanal, pasta tri-antibiotica (PTA) entre sessões por 21 dias, selamento com cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV). Na segunda sessão foi realizado remoção da PTA com abundante irrigação com soro fisiológico seguido do processo de revascularização pela injuria dos tecidos periapicais com lima #20 tipo K, promovendo sangramento até o preenchimento total do conduto, selamento da entrada do canal com uma rolha de MTA (Cimento Reparador Biocerâmico – Angelus) e a câmara coronária com CIV. Realizado acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico mensal, durante três meses observando-se reparação da lesão periapical e discreta neoformação radicular na porção distal da raiz.
AVALIAÇÃO SENSORIAL DE PÉ DE MOLEQUE PRODUZIDOS COM NOZ MACADÂMIA E AÇÚCAR LIGHT
Authors: Alves Bozzi Jeferson , Côgo Venturim Bárbara , Baptista Bueno Viviani , De Oliveira Moreira Adriane Bernardo , Carvalho Rodrigues Fabiana , De Andrade Siqueira Evandro , Bassini Fioresi Deusélio , Pereira Lucas Louzada
Published: June 2017

Esse estudo objetivou verificar a aceitação sensorial através da escala hedônica de quatro formulações diferentes de pé de moleque, elaboradas com amendoim, macadâmia, açúcar light e açúcar convencional. A avaliação sensorial foi realizada em cabines individuais com 50 provadores não treinados, do sexo feminino e masculino, e maiores de 18 anos. O resultado da análise sensorial foi de extrema importância, pois mostrou que o açúcar light exerceu efeito significativo na textura e no sabor das amostras de pé de moleque. A macadâmia não exerceu influência significativa na aceitação do produto pelos consumidores, sendo tão aceito quanto o pé de moleque contendo amendoim. Porém nota-se a carência em estudos que envolvam a utilização da noz em inovações de formulações alimentícias, assim como, sua viabilidade econômica, pois se trata de um produto com preço elevado.
INTERVENÇÃO CIRURGICA TARDIA EM PSEUDOARTROSE DIAFISÁRIA DE FÊMUR: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Silva Anna Victoria Souza , Brusaca Luiz Augusto , Rolim Cabral Kim Theodoro Da Silva , Sbruzzi Ivanete Chaves , De Andrade Gislaine Priscila , Da Silva Vitor Alexandre
Published: June 2017

Resumo - O excesso de veículos circulantes tem como consequência o aumento de acidentes automobilísticos. Desta forma, este índice se tornou uma preocupação, devido ao tempo de reabilitação e reinserção social do indivíduo. É comum em acidentes ocorrerem casos de fratura, de forma que nem sempre, a consolidação acontece de maneira adequada. Com isso, em toda falha na fusão óssea, a etiologia pode apresentar diversos fatores como causa, de uma patologia denominada como Pseudoartrose. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso desta doença: paciente do sexo masculino, 23 anos, com a aquisição de politraumatismo, ocasionando fratura diafisária em terço distal de fêmur direito. Como intervenção, foi submetido a tratamento cirúrgico tardio e implantação de placa de compressão. Após o ato cirúrgico foi observada a não consolidação óssea devido à ausência de repouso do paciente no pós-operatório, apresentando então um prognóstico desfavorável, havendo a necessidade de troca da osteossíntese. A nova abordagem escolhida para o caso foi a implantação de osteossíntese com estabilidade absoluta, mais conhecida como Illizarov. Palavras-chave: Pseudoartrose; Fraturas do Fêmur; Ferimentos; Lesões. Área do Conhecimento: Fisioterapia
HISTÓRIA DO ANTISSEMITISMO
Authors: Da Silva Ana Carolina Alves , Zanetti Valéria Regina
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo apresenta um debate historiográfico acerca do antissemitismo, termo que designa manifestações de hostilidade contra judeus, tendo como enfoque dois momentos ímpares na historia europeia: a Inquisição Espanhola, instaurada em 1478 pelo papa Xisto IV a pedido da rainha Isabel de Castela; e o Holocausto, genocídio em massa que custou a vida de milhões de judeus no século XX. Busca-se apontar os fatores que podem ter causado ou corroborado na construção dessa ideologia em cada um desses episódios, para então averiguar se há compatibilidade nos motivos que fundamentaram uma política de perseguição, terror e extermínio dos judeus.
TAMANHO POPULACIONAL DE XIPHOPENAEUS KROYERI HELLER, 1862 (CRUSTACEA, PENAEOIDEA) NO LITORAL DE ANCHIETA/ES
Authors: Ferreira Keltony Aquino , Gonçalves Renzo Tavares , Nunes Erika Takagi , Braga Adriane Araujo
Published: June 2017

O camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) pertence à família Penaeidae, distribuído desde os Estados Unidos ao sul do Brasil, ocorrendo em profundidades de até 25 metros. Destaca-se por apresentar uma significativa importância econômica, e sua pesca é o segundo maior recurso pesqueiro das regiões Sudeste-sul do Brasil. O presente estudo visa caracterizar o tamanho populacional, razão sexual e o recrutamento de jovens do camarão sete-barbas localizado na região de Anchieta, litoral sul do Espírito Santo. Os exemplares foram coletados de março/13 a fevereiro/15. Foram capturados 6.117 indivíduos, sendo 803 jovens, 2.280 machos e 3.034 fêmeas. O comprimento de carapaça variou de 5 a 28 mm, sendo que as fêmeas atingiram tamanhos maiores. A razão sexual diferiu estatisticamente para fêmeas. Com os resultados do presente estudo foi possível constatar que X. kroyeri completa seu ciclo de vida no local de estudo, baseado na presença de jovens e adultos coletados em todo período.
Analysis of lead and arsenic in cosmetics and assessment of students awareness about cosmetic toxicity
Authors: Saidalavi Rehna , A. Hashim , B. Kishor Kumar , K. Leena Pramod , Adake Prabhakar
Published: May 2017

Background: Many people believe that all cosmetics are safe but there are number of studies proving that majority of the cosmetics contains heavy metals or other chemicals. In this study we selected two heavy metals arsenic and lead because as per the Indian scenario is concerned most of the Hindu and Muslim females uses lead/arsenic based cosmetics.Methods: For the qualitative/quantitative estimation to detect heavy metals such as arsenic and lead in cosmetics, 20 different types of cosmetics were purchased from local market, labelled and analysed by qualitative test for heavy metals method and ICP-AES Analysis of cosmetics method.Results: A questionnaire was framed out in English and analysis showed that students had an adverse effect while using cosmetic products. Preliminary analysis of some samples gave positive results and for confirmation these samples were sent to IIT Bombay for ICP-AES analysis. Some of the samples showed variable level of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic. Highest concentration of lead and arsenic was found in Surma followed by Sindoor, lip balm and Kajal.Conclusions: Heavy metals are one of the major contaminant in our eco system. Apart from this a number of cosmetic products also contain the same. Chronic use of this kind of cosmetic products will leads heavy metal toxicity.
Assessment of medical students’ attitude towards didactic lectures taken in pharmacology in a private medical college
Authors: A. Umamaheswari , M. S. Umamageswari , A. T. Sathiya Vinotha
Published: May 2017

Background: To assess the attitude of second year medical students towards the teaching Principles in Pharmacology didactic lecture classes.Methods: It was a descriptive epidemiological and questionnaire based study. Second year students who were attending pharmacology lecture classes for a period of one month (nearly 8 lectures) were given questionnaire and ask to fill it by assessing the theory classes which was conducted throughout that month. Each question was graded with mark and finally total score was converted to 50 marks. Five-level Likert’s criteria were used to analyze few questions in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequency distribution.Results: Out of 115 students who attended the questionnaire session, 61% students were having a very good and better attitude towards the faculty talking Pharmacology lecture classes and remaining students have a few lacking areas in the teaching mode which should be analyzed.Conclusions: Students have good attitude towards the faculty taking didactic lectures and the lacking areas can be future improved by efficient planning of interactive and interesting lecture methods for the usefulness of students as well as the teacher.
Drug utilization study-pattern of use of anti-microbial drugs among post operative patients in department of general surgery at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Patel Dhwani J. , Chhaiya Sunita B. , Mehta Dimple S.
Published: May 2017

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the current trends of prescribing antibiotics amongst the patients of General surgery postoperative unit of C. U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat.Methods: An observational study was done amongst 200 patients admitted in the General surgery postoperative ward of a C. U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar over a period of 6 months in accordance with the ethical principles of the ethics committee guidelines. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and values were presented descriptively in percentiles.Results: The average number of antimicrobials per encounter was 1.78. The most common surgeries in the postsurgical unit were urological procedures 61 (30.35%) followed by incision and drainage 40 (20%). Most of the patients were in the age group of 35-60 yrs. Higher utilization of cephalosporins (62.91%) and fluoroquinolones (20.27%). The most preferred route of administration of antibiotics in post operative period was oral (55.58%).Conclusions: The present study provides valuable insight about the overall pattern of anti-microbials used in postoperative patients in a tertiary care hospital. It is intended to be a step in broader evaluation of safety and efficacy of drug as well as for improving prescribing habits among the fraternity and minimizing incidence of resistance to antimicrobials in surgical wards of a teaching hospital.
Prescribing pattern in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Dutta Shakti B. , Beg Mirza A. , Bawa Shalu , Kaur Amanjot , Vishal Subhash
Published: May 2017

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with joint deformity and significant health care related expenses. This disease affects approximately 1% of the adult population, the prevalence of RA in India is approximately 0.75% and increasing trend has been observed. Irrational prescribing is a common phenomenon around the globe. The drug utilization studies form an important tool for the assessment of rational or irrational prescribing and WHO drug use indicators. Thus keeping this in view the prescribing pattern analysis in RA patients was done.Methods: This prospective study was carried out by the department of pharmacology in medicine OPD of SGRRIM and HS, Dehradun for one year. A total of 450 RA diagnosed patients were included in the study. The diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical assessment and lab parameters as rheumatoid factor and anti-ccp. The collected prescriptions were analyzed by using WHO drug use indicators.Results: Total of 450 prescriptions was analyzed. 378 (84%) were females and 72 (16%) were males. Most commonly presenting age group was 31-60 years 276 (61.33%). Family history and RA factor was positive in 168 (37.33%) and 318 (70.67%) patients respectively. Anti-ccp was raised in 408 (90.67%) patients. The comorbid conditions were type-2 diabetes mellitus 72 (16%), hypertension 48 (10.67%), hypothyroidism 36 (8%) and other associated illness 54 (12%). Total of 1655 drugs were prescribed during the study period. The prescribed drugs were disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) 582 (35.18%), vitamin-D3 and calcium supplements 320 (19.34%), analgesics 311 (18.80%), antacids 204 (12.33%), others 238(14.38%). 437 (26.40%) fixed dose combinations (FDCs), 3.67 drugs per prescription, 1145 (69.18%) drugs by brand names and 1161 (70.15%) drugs from the National List of Essential Medicine (NLEM) 2015 were prescribed.Conclusions: Drug prescribing pattern depicts that most commonly prescribed were DMARDs, vitamin-D3 and calcium supplements and analgesics. Most of the drugs were prescribed from NLEM 2015.
Comparison of efficacy of difluprednate 0.05% vs dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops in inflammation associated with small incision cataract surgery
Authors: Sood Preet , Bhanot Manmohan
Published: May 2017

Background: Post operative ocular inflammation is a common happening after any type of surgery. Corticosteroids have been used to treat ocular inflammation however, they carry a risk of side effects, particularily an increase in IOP. A newer steroid, difluprednate is found to be safe than dexamethasone.Methods: Total 120 patient undergoing small incision cataract surgery was enrolled in this prospective, randomized and single blind (investigator masked) parallel study. Either of the two eye drops (dexamethasone/difluprednate) were prescribed post operatively. Patients were examined on postoperative day 1, 7, 14 and 28 for - Intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells and flare with slit lamp examination.Results: As difluprednate was found effective in reducing pain in 62% of the patients on day 3 as compared to dexamethasone group on day 7 i.e.76% of the patients. Both the drugs has no significant effect on the intraocular pressure.Conclusions: Patients in difluprednate preparation have shown good compliance owing to the lesser frequency of drug administration. Better tolerability because of the emulsion form is also an encouraging factor. The only discouraging factor for difluprednate preparation is the cost. As the frequency of drug administration as compared to dexamethasone is less (QID), it is compromised a bit.
Study of drug utilization in intensive care management of neonates at tertiary care hospital
Authors: C. S. Neeta , Singh Shailender
Published: May 2017

Background: Newborn infants form a highly vulnerable group. Compared to adults they are more prone to adverse drug events. Exposure to multiple drugs is also known to be a leading factor in their well-being. Many advances have been made in this area, yet there is a paucity of information to guide rational prescribing in newborns. This study was conducted to evaluate the drug prescribing trends in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital in Bidar.Methods: A prospective study was undertaken, over a period of 3 months at the government teaching hospital, Bidar. Neonates of either sex admitted to NICU were included. Data collection was done by scrutinizing the inpatient case sheets and investigation reports.Results: A total of 100 neonates were admitted and 11 deaths were noted. Most common cause for admission was septicaemia. The total number of drugs prescribed was 488. The average number of drugs per prescription was 4.9. Antimicrobials were the commonest agents prescribed and intravenous route was the commonest route of drug administration. Most of the drugs were prescribed by generic names.Conclusions: In our study it was observed that polypharmacy is commonly observed practice in NICU patients. Most of the antibiotics were prescribed empirically. The dose and frequency of administration was mostly as per the standard guidelines.
Role of serum lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatine phosphokinase, alkaline phospatase, serum phosphorus in the cases of bowel ischemia in acute abdomen
Authors: Soni Nitesh , Bhutra Shyam , Vidyarthi Shivaji H. , Sharma Vivek , Singh Amit
Published: May 2017

Background: Bowel ischemia is a life-threatening condition which may arise from a number of causes affecting the arterial and venous compartments of the mesenteric circulation. The rapid onset of acute mesenteric ischemia and the potential rapidity with which bowel infarction may occur explain the lethality of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alkaline phospatase, serum phosphorus in the cases of bowel ischemia in acute abdomen.Methods: Above mentioned serum enzymes were measured preoperatively in the fifty patients of acute abdomen. Biomarker levels were compared in patients between equal two groups on the basis intra operative findings of bowel ischemia and non-bowel ischemia.Results: Preoperative estimated serum levels of all described enzymes found to be significantly elevated in patients of group A (with bowel ischemia) in comparison with group B (with no bowel ischemia). Sensitivity and specificity for elevated levels of S. LDH were 88% and 68%, for SGOT 68% and 80%, for S. ALP 72% and 68%, for S. CPK-MB 76% and 84%, and for S. phosphorus 76% and 68% respectively.Conclusions: Preoperative estimated serum levels of all described enzymes found to be significantly elevated in patients of group A (with bowel ischemia) in comparison with group B (with no bowel ischemia). Sensitivity and specificity for elevated levels of S. LDH were 88% and 68%, for SGOT 68% and 80%, for S. ALP 72% and 68%, for S. CPK-MB 76% and 84%, and for S. phosphorus 76% and 68% respectively.
Appendicular perforation and its contributing factors
Authors: N. Anandaravi B. , B. Ramaswami
Published: May 2017

Background: The objective was to study of different risk factors contributing in appendicular perforation and effective management of patients by knowing risk factors.Methods: This study was conducted in the department of general surgery K. R. Hospital Mysore medical college and research institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India from January 2015 to June 2016. Patients of age above 18 years and both sexes operated for acute appendicitis were included in present study. The clinical history, clinical features, investigations, intraoperative findings, were noted and surgical procedure done and all perforated appendicitis cases were operated lower midline incision, through wash given with normal saline drain in situ. Post operatively antibiotics were given and all patients follow up done for one month.Results: Present study duration is one and half year we operated total 100 patients for acute appendicitis. In this study 55 patients were male (55%) and 45 patients were females (45%). According to our study acute appendicitis is more common in males. Appendicular perforation has noticed in 23 female patients. The incidence of perforated appendicitis is low in males 12 out of 35 as compared to females 23 out of 35. The incidence of appendicular perforation is higher in the extreme of ages. In the elderly patients it is 58.33%. Thus, according to present study findings age above (>40 years) is strongly associated with the perforated appendicitis (p<0.001 chi squared test). Delayed presentation shows 77.41% appendicular perforation and faecolith associated with 64.51%.Conclusions: The morbidity and mortality rates are higher in elderly patients, diabetics, steroid dependent and immunocompromised patients. We should be aggressive in the treatment of acute appendicitis associated with high risk factors. So once acute appendicitis is diagnosed, the expedient surgery and appropriate use of perioperative antibiotics can help in reducing the morbidity and mortality.
Vascular malformation of the parotid gland: a rare case report
Authors: Bhatia Chisel , Dalal Satish , Sattibabu Vundavalli , Beniwal Jagat P.
Published: May 2017

Vascular malformation of the parotid gland is an extremely rare condition with very few reported cases in the literature. Here we report a case of a 55 years old, female who presented with the complaint of swelling in the right parotid region for one year. Imaging revealed a vascular malformation involving the superficial lobe of the right parotid gland. Superficial Parotidectomy was done and histopathology was consistent with the diagnosis of vascular malformation of the parotid.
Critical Autoethnography in Pursuit of Educational Equity: Introduction to the IJME Special Issue
Authors: Marx Sherry , Pennington Julie L. , Chang Heewon
Published: May 2017

In this introduction to the special issue of IJME, we highlight critical autoethnography’s potential for connecting the deeply personal experiences of race, gender, culture, language, sexuality, and other aspects of marginalization and privilege to the broader context of education in society. We discuss critical autoethnography as an interdisciplinary, blurred genre that transforms to fit the academic backgrounds, interests, and critical orientations of its authors. All contributors to this special issue situate their take on the genre in relevant literature and provide sociocultural critique in explicit and implicit ways.
Desenvolvimento de um modelo reduzido didático qualitativo e quantitativo de viga hiperestática
Authors: Carbonari Gilberto , Campos de Moura André , Amaral Nicacio Carlos Eduardo , Sagae Danilo Takeshi , Ogassawara Leonardo Takeo , Fujii Naoto , Reina de Souza Rafael
Published: June 2017

O uso de modelos reduzidos didáticos qualitativos e quantitativos pode auxiliar no ensino de cursos de Engenharia. Tendo isto em vista se desenvolveu um modelo de viga hiperestática de um vão, engastada-apoiada, que permite comparar os deslocamentos e a reação do apoio rotulado obtidos teoricamente em sala de aula com os medidos no modelo, o que é de grande ajuda no ensino de Resistência dos Materiais e Análise de Estruturas. Na extremidade rotulada consta uma mini-balança que permite registrar a reação de apoio para cada situação de carregamento. As agulhas fixadas ao longo da viga permitem medir os deslocamentos verticais em várias posições da viga, por meio de um papel milimetrado fixado próximo a viga. Obteve-se uma boa relação entre os deslocamentos e as reações calculados com os medidos no modelo, demonstrando sua eficiência para ilustrar os métodos e conceitos no ensino da engenharia.
Vertentes do constitucionalismo na mundialização: uma análise do novo constitucionalismo latino-americano
Authors: Mello Rafaela Da Cruz
Published: May 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar, através do método hipotético-dedutivo de abordagem e monográfico de procedimento, de que modo a mundialização, com a proliferação de normas de diferentes fontes, espécies e origens afeta o constitucionalismo e a noção de Estado, uma vez que as regras da economia e do mercado predominam na sociedade atual. Sem olvidar que a mundialização também deve abarcar fenômenos culturais, a pergunta que o artigo pretende responder é: em um contexto de mundialização que ocasiona crise do Estado e fragmentação do direito e da Constituição, qual é a importância do novo constitucionalismo latino americano para o fortalecimento do pluralismo e da cultura dos países do Sul Social, em especial, Bolívia e Equador? Ao fim do trabalho conclui-se que embora a mundialização, sob a ótica econômica, propague a uniformização normativa e o enfraquecimento do Estado e do constitucionalismo, a valorização da cultura e das identidades que é feita pelo movimento do novo constitucionalismo latino americano pode ser uma alternativa no sentido de oferecer ofensiva à lógica binária moderna e à tendência homogeneizante da mundialização.
A mediação dos sentidos e os sentidos da mediação
Authors: Borges Rosa Maria Zaia
Published: May 2017

Um dos grandes desafios para um efetivo acesso à justiça é a construção de uma nova racionalidade na composição dos conflitos sociais. Falar em nova racionalidade, para o presente artigo, é falar sobre a promissora prática da mediação de conflitos. Portanto, o objetivo está na apresentação de uma teoria da mediação focada em seu aspecto comunicacional enquanto princípio orientador. Direcionando os estudos para as práticas discursivas, pretende-se demonstrar como a diferenciação entre enfoques comunicacionais implicam na prática da mediação como negociação de sentidos. Como resultado, apresenta-se um conceito (e um sentido!) de mediação considerado adequado à democratização do acesso à justiça.
Inter and intrastate conflicts nexus: The Colombian Peace process, as a means to prevent interstate conflicts in South America and rethink regional security
Authors: Montoya Sandra
Published: May 2017

The Colombian internal conflict case provides useful scenarios, realities and dynamics for nourishing the debate between those who treat internal and interstate conflicts as disconnected or totally independent phenomena and those who argue the frequent links between them. This policy paper is situated in the latter school of thought, and from that angle I shall argue the usefulness of perceiving the nexus between intrastate and interstate conflicts, and its applicability to the Colombian internal conflict. The paper highlights the importance of taking into account the strong nexus in order to prevent international disputes that put regional security at risk; it also suggests that the current Colombian peace process represents an historic opportunity for Colombia –and a great challenge for the Colombian society– while at the same time being an opportunity for thinking about a shared future in the South America region, which challenges the Colombian state and its performance at the international level.
Acción colectiva y políticas públicas. El caso de la masacre del 16 de mayo de 1998
Authors: Barrios Rodríguez Manuelita , Quijano Mejía Claudia , Soler Madrid Luis
Published: May 2017

En 1998 sucedió la masacre del 16 de mayo en Barrancabermeja, que significó el ingreso de los grupos paramilitares al territorio y el incremento de la violencia. Como respuesta, las organizaciones sociales presentes en la ciudad realizaron diversas acciones colectivas, que trascendieron este hecho a un tema de interés nacional e internacional. El presente artículo es el resultado de una investigación triangular que utilizó técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas de recolección de información. El análisis se realizó desde el enfoque del mesoanálisis, a través del cual se estudió la definición de la masacre como un problema público, y su inserción dentro del ciclo de política pública, que fue visibilizado por la acción colectiva y los medios de comunicación, generando un efecto búmeran.
FÓRUM DE DISCUSSÃO ONLINE: experiências e formação continuada em matemática
Authors: Xavier Gisele Pereira De Oliveira , Bairral Marcelo Almeida
Published: May 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é elucidar reflexões de experiências docentes que podem ser encontradas em interações argumentativas em fóruns de discussão online. Os dados foram coletados em um fórum para formação continuada em Matemática de professores da rede estadual que atuavam na EJA no 1º semestre de 2014. A análise evidencia o potencial argumentativo que as interações estabelecidas na reflexão online podem trazer para a aprendizagem dos envolvidos. Particularmente, reflexões de cunho argumentativo têm se mostrado um campo discursivo fértil para socialização e aprimoramento de práticas e experiências profissionais. Reconhecer singularidades discursivas nas interações é importante, inclusive, na construção de estratégias para manter a cumplicidade do coletivo profissional. Palavras-chave: Fórum de discussão. Formação continuada. Matemática. Interações online.DISCUSSION FORUM ONLINE: experience and continued training in mathematics.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to elucidate reflections of teaching experiences that can be found in argumentative interactions in online discussion forums. Data were collected on a forum for in service mathematics teachers who worked with youth and adult education in the first semester of 2014 in state schools. The analysis highlights the potential of argumentative interactions established in the online reflection and it importance for the learning of the participants. Particularly argumentative reflections have shown a fertile discursive field for socialization and improvement of practices and professional experiences. To recognize discursive singularities in online interactions is important, even in the construction of strategies to keep the complicity of the professional collective.Keywords: Discussion forum. In service teacher education. Mathematics. Online interactions. FORO DE DISCUSIÓN EN LÍNEA: experiencias y formación contínua en matemáticas. Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar reflexiones de experiencias de enseñanza que se pueden encontrar en las interacciones argumentativos en los foros de discusión en línea. Los datos se recogieron en un foro para la formación continua de profesores de matemáticas que actuaron en la educación de jóvenes y adultos en el primero semestre de 2014 en escuelas estatales. El análisis pone de relieve el potencial que las interacciones argumentativas establecidas en la reflexión en línea pueden traer al aprendizaje de los involucrados. En particular, la naturaleza argumentativa de las reflexiones ha demostrado ser un campo discursivo fértil para la socialización y la mejoría de las prácticas y experiencias profesionales. Reconocer singularidades en las interacciones discursivas es importante, incluso para la construcción de estrategias para mantener la complicidad del colectivo profesional.Palabras clave: Foro de discusión. Educación continua. Matemática. Interacciones en línea.
TRABALHO/EDUCAÇÃO NO PROGRAMA MAIS EDUCAÇÃO: formar para a empregabilidade e para o desemprego
Authors: Dos Santos Magda Cruz , Paludo Conceição
Published: May 2017

O artigo resulta de pesquisa sobre a relação trabalho/educação, no Programa Mais Educação, do Ministério da Educação (MEC – Brasil). Tendo como perspectiva teórico-metodológica o Materialismo Histórico Dialético, analisa os documentos oficiais da política pública investigada. A análise indica que o Programa visa à contenção da violência, à adaptação e conformação das classes trabalhadoras aos efeitos do processo de reestruturação do sistema capitalista, por meio da categoria de Educação Integral. Como central, os resultados da pesquisa expõem a especificidade da relação trabalho/educação que, na estratégia de adaptação e conformação, almeja uma formação voltada tanto para a empregabilidade como para o desemprego.Palavras-chave: Relação trabalho/educação. Capital e política pública. Programa Mais Educação.THE RELATIONSHIP WORK/ EDUCATION IN THE PROGRAM MAIS EDUCAÇÃO: training to employability and  unemploymentAbstract: The article results from a research about the relationship of work/education, in Mais Educação program, from Ministry of Education (MEC – Brazil). Having as perspective theoretical and methodological the Dialectical and Historical Materialism, it analyses official documents the investigated public policy. The analyses indicate this Program to violence contention, to the adaptation and conformation of working classes to effects of the capitalist system restructuration process, through full-time education category. As central, search results sets it exposes specificity difficulties of work/ education relationship in the strategy of adaptation and conformation, the training both for employability and for unemployment.Keywords: Relationship work/ education. Capital and public policy. Program Mais Educação. TRABAJO / EDUCACIÓN EN PROGRAMA MÁS EDUCACIÓN: form para la empleabilidad y el desempleo Resumen: El artículo es el resultado de la investigación sobre la relación de trabajo / educación del Programa Más Educación, Ministério de Educación (MEC – Brasil). Desde el punto de vista teórico y metodológico de materialismo histórico dialéctico, análisis los documentos oficiales la política pública investigado. El análisis indica que el programa tiende a la contención de la violencia, la adaptación y la conformación de las clases trabajadoras a los efectos de la reestructuración de sistema capitalista, por categoría de Educación Integral. Como centrales, conjuntos de resultados de búsqueda se expone la especificidad de la relacione trabajo / educación en la estratégia de adaptación y conformación, prevé una formación tanto para el empleo y el desempleo.Palabras clave: Relación de trabajo / educación. El capital y las políticas públicas. Programa Más Educación.
Convergence between Marketing Approaches and the Aims of the Public Administrations: Towards an Optimization of the Citizen Relationship Management (CiRM) in Morocco
Authors: Maryam El Yachioui , Amina Aomari
Published: May 2017

Traditionally, there is a tendency to think that administration and marketing are two antagonistic notions. Marketing is the science of designing the supply of a product according to the analysis of consumer expectations and taking into account the capacities of the organization as well as all the constraints of the socio-demographic, competitive environment, legal, cultural in which it evolves. For Butler and Collins (1994) marketing has shifted from transactional marketing, rather product-oriented to relational marketing, more client-oriented, which corresponds more to the expectations of public administrations regarding their relations with the citizen, especially the user. But in Morocco, there is a marketing myopia in the public sector. Indeed, this industry often complains about the lack of citizens’ interest in their services and products. These citizens become more demanding and must be satisfied. This article thus has a twofold objective: first, to show wherein the marketing myopia in Moroccan Public Administrations lies, in order to define the heart of their business, and second, to propose a marketing mix for these administrations to optimize their Citizen Relationship Management (CiRM) and see how e-administration responds to a marketing approach.
«Метабола» Эпштейна и «метаметафора» Кедрова как поэтико-худо- жественная ревизия метафоры: о двух главных понятиях метареализма
Authors: Fedorushkov Edyta
Published: May 2017

Целью данной статьи является попытка приблизить два главных понятия метареализма (литературного течения в русской поэзии 80-х гг.), то есть «метаболу» и «метаметафору». Данные термины представляют собой переоцененный вариант метафоры и, одновременно, становятся главной поэтико-художественной идеей метареализма. В статье мы намечаем ме- ханизм их действия на основе манифестов, написанных основоположниками данных понятий – Михаилом Эпштейном и Константином Кедровым. Проведенный нами анализ многоуров- невого функционирования «метаболы» и «метаметафоры» в поэтическом произведении позво- ляет сделать вывод о сформировании нового типа мировоззрения, актуализирующего идею первоначального единства и неразрывности всего сущего.