bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Evapotranspiration for Exorheic Catchments of China during the GRACE Era: From a Water Balance Perspective
Authors: Zhong Yulong , Zhong Min , Mao Yuna , Ji Bing
Published: February 2020

Evapotranspiration (ET) is usually difficult to estimate at the regional scale due to scarce direct measurements. This study uses the water balance equation to calculate the regional ET with observations of precipitation, runoff, and terrestrial water storage changes (TWSC) in nine exorheic catchments of China. We compared the regional ET estimates from a water balance perspective with and without considering TWSC (ETWB: ET estimates with considering TWSC, and ETPQ: ET estimates from precipitation minus runoff without considering TWSC). Results show that the regional annual ET ranges from 417.7 mm/yr to 831.5 mm/yr in the nine exorheic catchments based on the water balance equation. The impact of ignoring TWSC on calculating ET is notable, as the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of annual ET between ETWB and ETPQ range from 12.0–105.8 mm/yr (2.6–12.7% in corresponding annual ET) among the exorheic catchments. We also compared the estimated regional ET with other ET products. Different precipitation products are assessed to explain the inconsistency between different ET products and regional ET from a water balance perspective. The RMSEs between ET estimates from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and ET from land surface models can be reduced if the deviation of precipitation forcing data is considered. ET estimates from Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) can be improved by reducing the uncertainty of precipitation forcing data in three semiarid catchments. This study emphasizes the importance of considering TWSC when calculating the regional ET using a water balance equation and provides more accurate ET estimates to help improve modeled ET results.
Geometry Aware Evaluation of Handcrafted Superpixel-Based Features and Convolutional Neural Networks for Land Cover Mapping Using Satellite Imagery
Authors: Derksen Dawa , Inglada Jordi , Michel Julien
Published: February 2020

In land cover mapping at a high spatial resolution, pixel values alone are not always sufficient to recognize the more complex classes. Contextual features (computed with a sliding kernel or other kind of spatial support) can be discriminating for certain land cover classes, for example, different levels of urban density, or classes containing heterogeneous pixels, such as orchards and vineyards. However, the reference data used for training the supervised classifier are almost always sparsely labeled, in other words, not every pixel of the training area is labeled. This makes the selection of an appropriate contextual classification method for land cover mapping problematic. Indeed, the current state-of-the art contextual classification model, the Deep Convolutional Neural Network (D-CNN), encounters issues when the geometry of the desired output is absent from the training set. Data-driven methods like D-CNN rely heavily on the availability of extensive training labels to learn both the feature extraction and classification steps. With a sparse training set, sharp corners are rounded, and thin elongated elements may be either thickened, or entirely lost. Alternatively, there are several methods based on the manual selection of contextual features in a chosen neighborhood, guided by the knowledge of the data and past experience from similar problems. Such approaches should not be as sensitive to sparsely labeled data, as they do not rely on any training data for feature extraction. This paper presents a new process for including contextual information in an image classification scheme: the Histogram Of Auto Context Classes in Superpixels (HACCS), which involves classifying an image using the local class histograms as contextual features. These histograms are calculated within superpixels of different sizes in order to provide a multi-scale characterization of the neighborhood, while preserving the geometry of the image objects. This method is evaluated on two data sets presenting different spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions, and each case is compared with a D-CNN in terms of class accuracy, but also of the quality of the geometry in the produced map. Experiments on the Sentinel-2 time series show that HACCS provides equivalent thematic accuracy compared to the D-CNN, while exhibiting a higher degree of geometric accuracy. On very high spatial resolution imagery (SPOT-7), the D-CNN provides significantly stronger thematic accuracy, but this comes at the cost of a lower level of geometric accuracy.
A Self-Adaptive Mean Shift Tree-Segmentation Method Using UAV LiDAR Data
Authors: Yan Wanqian , Guan Haiyan , Cao Lin , Yu Yongtao , Li Cheng , Lu JianYong
Published: February 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicles using light detection and ranging (UAV LiDAR) with high spatial resolution have shown great potential in forest applications because they can capture vertical structures of forests. Individual tree segmentation is the foundation of many forest research works and applications. The tradition fixed bandwidth mean shift has been applied to individual tree segmentation and proved to be robust in tree segmentation. However, the fixed bandwidth-based segmentation methods are not suitable for various crown sizes, resulting in omission or commission errors. Therefore, to increase tree-segmentation accuracy, we propose a self-adaptive bandwidth estimation method to estimate the optimal kernel bandwidth automatically without any prior knowledge of crown size. First, from the global maximum point, we divide the three-dimensional (3D) space into a set of angular sectors, for each of which a canopy surface is simulated and the potential tree crown boundaries are identified to estimate average crown width as the kernel bandwidth. Afterwards, we use a mean shift with the automatically estimated kernel bandwidth to extract individual tree points. The method is iteratively implemented within a given area until all trees are segmented. The proposed method was tested on the 7 plots acquired by a Velodyne 16E LiDAR system, including 3 simple plots and 4 complex plots, and 95% and 80% of trees were correctly segmented, respectively. Comparative experiments show that our method contributes to the improvement of both segmentation accuracy and computational efficiency.
Synergistic Use of Radar and Optical Satellite Data for Improved Monsoon Cropland Mapping in India
Authors: Qadir Abdul , Mondal Pinki
Published: February 2020

Monsoon crops play a critical role in Indian agriculture, hence, monitoring these crops is vital for supporting economic growth and food security for the country. However, monitoring these crops is challenging due to limited availability of optical satellite data due to cloud cover during crop growth stages, landscape heterogeneity, and small field sizes. In this paper, our objective is to develop a robust methodology for high-resolution (10 m) monsoon cropland mapping appropriate for different agro-ecological regions (AER) in India. We adapted a synergistic approach of combining Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from Sentinel-2 optical data using the Google Earth Engine platform. We developed a new technique, Radar Optical cross Masking (ROM), for separating cropland from non-cropland by masking out forest, plantation, and other non-dynamic features. The methodology was tested for five different AERs in India, representing a wide diversity in agriculture, soil, and climatic variations. Our findings indicate that the overall accuracy obtained by using the SAR-only approach is 90%, whereas that of the combined approach is 93%. Our proposed methodology is particularly effective in regions with cropland mixed with tree plantation/mixed forest, typical of smallholder dominated tropical countries. The proposed agriculture mask, ROM, has high potential to support the global agriculture monitoring missions of Geo Global Agriculture Monitoring (GEOGLAM) and Sentinel-2 for Agriculture (S2Agri) project for constructing a dynamic monsoon cropland mask.
Leaders’ Influence Tactics for Safety: An Exploratory Study in the Maritime Context
Authors: Kim Tae-eun , Gausdal Anne Haugen
Published: February 2020

A growing body of research has pointed out effective leadership as an important influencing factor for safety performance in various high-risk industrial contexts. However, limited systematic knowledge is available about how leaders can effectively persuade rule compliance, and stimulate actions and participation. Recognizing effective means of influence is of value for safety leadership development and evaluation. This study seeks to empirically investigate leaders’ influence tactics for safety in a maritime context. Qualitative exploration is performed with data being collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews with 41 experienced shipboard leaders from various shipping sectors. Five core influence tactics—coaching, role modeling, pressure, consultation and exchange tactics—appeared to be the shipboard leaders’ effective tactics to influence subordinates’ safety compliance and participation behaviors in ship operations. Safety leadership influences flow from exemplification, expert and personal sources of power, and being pursued through soft and rational influence tactics rather than coercion or constructive inducements. The results indicate that the more relationship-oriented the leaders are, the more effective their safety leadership would be in influencing safety behaviors. The implication of the results for maritime safety leadership research, maritime education and training are discussed.
Consent for Research on Violence against Children: Dilemmas and Contradictions
Authors: Martins Paula Cristina , Sani Ana Isabel
Published: February 2020

The increasing visibility of violence involving children has led to a recognition of the need to research its underlying dynamics. As a result, we now have a better understanding of the complexities involved in this kind of research, associated with children’s developmental characteristics and social status, exposure to violence, and compromised parenting of caregivers. This paper discusses the issues raised by parental consent in research on violence against children, specifically the dilemma of children’s rights to participation and protection, and proposes changes in research practice in this domain.
A Comparative Study of Curriculums for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Sweden and Japan
Authors: Fredriksson Ulf , N. Kusanagi Kanako , Gougoulakis Petros , Matsuda Yaka , Kitamura Yuto
Published: February 2020

This study examined the curriculums and implementation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in upper secondary schools in Japan and Sweden and examined and compared the policies and cases of ESD practice. The comparison showed that ESD is present in the national curriculums of both countries, but is emphasized differently. In Sweden, it is more a matter of mentioning ESD as part of the principles that guide education, while in Japan, the integration of ESD into the subject syllabus is emphasized. The schools visited strove to implement ESD in their work. ESD is not an exclusive approach in addition to other school activities, but rather a central part of the schools´ work. Many issues are included under the umbrella of ESD, not only environmental issues. International contacts are one of the most important elements of the work, but this does not exclude local engagement. In fact, the schools have established impressive networks. Project work is an important approach in supporting students’ learning about sustainable development. A prerequisite for the successful work of the schools, which all have a certain reputation in the field of ESD, is the dedication of the teachers and the equally dedicated principals who support the work.
A System Model and An Innovation Approach toward Sustainable Housing Renovation
Authors: Liu Ju , Bengtsson Bo , Bohman Helena , Staffansson Pauli Karin
Published: February 2020

Housing renovation is a common concern to owners, tenants and to society at large. In addition to the high economic costs, the implementation of housing renovation usually have a long-term impact on the society and the built environment. This is a theoretical paper that develops a system model for understanding sustainable housing renovation as a system phenomenon which has multiple sustainability goals, complicated dynamic processes, diverse actors, and a sophisticated institutional environment. It identifies the key challenges of a sustainable housing renovation system, namely the conflicting sustainability goals and the conflicting stakeholder interests. To address these two challenges, the paper suggests an innovation approach in which the process of innovation (linear versus organic) and the typology of innovation (product versus process and business versus social) toward sustainable housing renovation are discussed.
Effect of Groundcovers on Reducing Soil Erosion and Non-Point Source Pollution in Citrus Orchards on Red Soil Under Frequent Heavy Rainfall
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang Qun , Li Yueqiao , Zeng Mansheng , Li Wan , Chang Cuiying , Xu Yongrong , Huang Chunbo
Published: February 2020

Periods of consecutive days with heavy rain of high intensity are common in the red soil region of China, increasing unpredictable risks of soil erosion and non-point source pollution on sloping orchards. Grass cover, as a type of vegetation management, is useful for controlling soil erosion and pollution. However, the potential of different kinds of groundcover plants in combating soil erosion and non-point source pollution remains unclear under the rainfall conditions in this region of China. This study included 7 d of simulated rainfall applied to a set of six treatments: Bare soil control, natural grass, and four groundcover treatments, Trifolium repens, T. repens, and Lolium perenne, Vicia sativa and Festuca elata, Medicago polymorpha, and Cynodon dactylon. The effects of the treatments on runoff volume, and soil, nitrogen, and phosphorus losses were evaluated. The results indicated that greater soil erosion and non-point source pollution occurred over the first 3d of daily 1-h simulated rainfall events. Also, the beneficial effects of the groundcover plants were greater earlier in the 7-d period of daily heavy rain, particularly in reducing runoff and nitrogen loss on the second and third day. Compared with bare soil, all the groundcovers showed a reduction effect in varying degrees, among which T. repens treatment was more effective. T. repens treatment showed an overall reduction in runoff and soil loss by 25.5% and 91.5%, respectively, and total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus loss by 25.5%, 74.6%, 90.7%, and 81.8%, respectively. These findings indicated that single planting of perennial pasture T. repens with short stems is an effective management option to limit soil erosion and non-point source pollution in sloping citrus orchards of southern China.
Evaluation of Immunization Services for Children of Migrant Workers Along Thailand–Myanmar Border: Compliance with Global Vaccine Action Plan (2011–2020)
Authors: Pinna Chamnan , Kaewkungwal Jaranit , Hattasingh Weerawan , Swaddiwudhipong Witaya , Methakulchart Rakdaw , Moungsookjareoun Aree , Lawpoolsri Saranath
Published: February 2020

Immunization is a core component of the human right to health. However, accessibility to the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) might be difficult among migrant children. This study aims to assess the vaccination coverage of migrant children under a mobile immunization program, initiated by the Thai government in 2014. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted in five districts along the Thailand–Myanmar border during July–December 2018. The immunization history during their first year of life was obtained. Focus group discussions were conducted among stakeholders to explore their satisfaction toward the immunization service. Mothers/guardians of 1707 migrant children participated in the survey, with a 71% response rate. The vaccination coverage increased during 2014–2017. The highest vaccination coverage was observed for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, with 83.2% coverage in 2017. The vaccination coverage of three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine and Hepatitis B vaccine and oral polio vaccine increased from 34.8% in 2014 to 56.3% in 2017. For measles-containing vaccine, the vaccination coverage increased from 32.4% in 2014 to 54.6% in 2017. Overall, all stakeholders were satisfied with the immunization service. Increased workload and communication barriers were the main factors that influenced the satisfaction toward the immunization program.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Tingkat Harga Diri pada Penderita Stroke di Rumah Sakit Umum Royal Prima Medan
Authors: Zai Yusmawarnita , Bu’ulolo Kandrinus , Fajariani Novy , Hulu Yasozatulo , Gulo Ruslan Efendi , Nurhayati Eva Latifah
Published: February 2020

Stroke is a condition where a part of the brain is suddenly disturbed which is caused by a lack of blood supply, which causes an inhibition of metabolic processes. As a result of a stroke affects the psychological function of the patient, so the patient feels his level of self-esteem decreases or is low. The role and support of families play an important role in the rehabilitation process to provide health services for stroke patients. The aim is to find out the relationship of family support with the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients at the Royal Prima Medan Hospital in 2019. The design used a "cross sectional study" approach with a population of 2,690 people. Samples were stroke patients at RSU Royal Prima medan, as many as 25 respondents using accidental sampling techniques and questionnaires as research instruments. The test used is the chi-square test. The results of the study Based on the chi-square test found p value (<0.05) statistically shows that there is a relationship between family support and the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients specifically there is a relationship between informational support (p-value = 0.009), assessment support (p-value = 0.003), Instrumental support is obtained (p-value = 0.009), Emotional support (p-value = 0.004) with the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients. This research shows that good family support will positively impact the level of self esteem (self-esteem) in stroke patients.
Şantierul paleolitic de la Poiana Cireşului (Piatra Neamţ): o sinteză a rezultatelor recente (1998–2005) / The Poiana Cireşului Upper Paleolithic site – the last stage of research (1998–2005)
Authors: Cârciumaru Marin , Anghelinu Mircea , Lucas Géraldine , Niţă Loredana , Steguweit Leif , Mărgărit Monica , Fontana Laure , Brugère Alexis , Dumitraşcu Valentin , Hambach Ulrich , Cosac Marian , Cârstina Ovidiu , Dumitru Florin
Published: February 2020

The Poiana Cireşului Upper Paleolithic site is located on the erosion level cut into the flysch strata, roughly equivalent in altitude to the middle (45 m) Bistriţa’s terrace, on the right shore of the river, 4 km N-W from the city of Piatra-Neamţ (North-Eastern Romania). The systematic excavations are currently carried out by an international Romanian, German and French team. The paper focuses on the recent results obtained during the last stage of research (1998– 2005) campaigns. The site displays one Neolithic layer and four documented paleolithic stages of occupation, already systematically uncovered during the last seven years. At least two more archaeological horizons lay below the last excavated one, as shown by the recent drills. The thin Neolithic layer stands in some poorly preserved pottery remains and a few scattered lithic tools, and it apparently belongs to Criş archaeological culture. The Paleolithic human presence is much more consistent. Except the very thin Tardiglaciar Epigravettian layer, partially disturbed by the late Neolithic activity, three other horizons were identified : a rich Epigravettian layer, resulted from at least three occupational episodes (Epigravettian II) and two Gravettian layers (Gravettian I and II). The paper stresses the richness of the archaeological record in the Epigravettian and Gravettian II layer. In this respect, the technological analysis of the stone and bone/ antler/ ivory industry is presented, together with a brief description of the stratigraphical evidences. The excellent state of preservation of the organic material, together with the richly documented human activity and the long geological sequence point to the central importance Poiana Ciresului holds, both for the understanding of the long-term Paleolithic cultural dynamics in this area and for the short-term

behavioral variability.
Săpăturile de la Sărata Monteoru, com. Merei, jud. Buzău. Raport preliminar (1996–2005) / Les fouilles entreprises à Sărata Monteoru, Com. de Merei, Dép. de Buzău. Rapport préliminaire (1996–2005)
Authors: Zaharia Eugenia
Published: February 2020

Autoarea prezintă rezultatele cercetărilor arheologice desfăşurate în ultimii zece ani la Sărata Monteoru (jud. Buzău), punctul Poiana Scoruşului. Aici se află un important ansamblu de cult format din mai multe complexe, care din punct de vedere cronologic corespund etapelor Monteoru IC4-IC1. Cele mai vechi complexe sunt trei gropi cu material ceramic tipic pentru faza M IC41. Urmează Complexul B care constă dintr-o platformă ovală de pietre de râu, împrejurul căreia, pe marginile ei dinspre SE şi de NV, pământul a fost puternic ars şi acoperit de cenuşă şi cărbune ; aproximativ în centrul complexului a fost găsită o vatră. Malul dinspre V al complexului B a fost amenajat în trepte, pe care s-au găsit alte mici complexe de cult, formate din grupări de pietre. Acest complex se datează în faza M IC43.

Incinta sacră reprezintă un val ridicat dintr-un pământ castaniu cu foarte rare resturi arheologice ; faţa estică a valului este în pantă, acoperită cu pietre care formau de fapt armătura, miezul valului. Aşezate pe mai multe rânduri, pietrele erau aranjate, cioplite, chiar faţetate pentru a putea fi mai bine clădite. Valul a fost surprins pe o lungime de cca. 10 m în extremitatea SE a Complexului B.

Pe anumite porţiuni, valul a fost deranjat din epoca bronzului şi demolat de gropi ce conţin mult cărbune şi care pe baza ceramicii pot fi datate în faza M IC1, dată la care Incinta sacră nu mai avea vreun rol funcţional în cadrul ansamblului de cult din Poiana Scoruşului.
Un topor din cupru aflat în colecţiile Muzeului Naţional de Antichităţi / Une hache de cuivre inedite dans les collections du Musee National des Antiquites de Bucharest
Authors: Ştefan Cristian-Eduard
Published: February 2020

L’article présente une hache de cuivre inédit se trouvant dans les collections du Musée National des Antiquités de Bucarest. Cette hache fut l’objet d’une découverte fortuite à Sinoie, site du dép. de Constanţa et appartient au type Veselinovo II, caractéristique pour la fin du Bronze ancien et du début du Bronze moyen au Bas Danube. On y aborde brièvement le rôle et les limites de la typologie, de même que l’importance fondamentale du contexte dans la recherche archéologique.
Puncte de vedere asupra brăţărilor dacice de aur. O dezbatere în cadrul Academiei Române / About Dacian gold bracelets
Authors: Spânu Daniel
Published: February 2020

Dacă în comunicarea sa Mircea Babeş a plasat faimoasele brăţări de aur dacice între legendă şi realitate, dicuţiile ulterioare s-au regăsit pe tărâmul dilemei falsitate versus

autenticitate. Până la publicarea unei documentaţii sistematice şi detaliate, până la dezbaterea analitcă a acestor piese, discuţiile rămân cantonate în repere conjuncturale şi incertitudini, iar riscul alunecării în derizoriul scandalurilor din mass-media este major. Deocamdată, în lipsa unei documentări detaliate a brăţărilor spiralice de aur, cercetarea nu poate decât să pregete asupra implicaţiilor acceptării uneia sau celeilalte dintre ipoteze. Dacă am considera piesele ca falsuri, atunci trebuie identificate acele elemente care trădează totuşi contrafacerea. Acest aspect ar fi extrem de util anchetelor şi expertizelor viitoare şi ar constitui un câştig real pentru cercetare. Iată o posibilă provocare. Dacă totuşi am considera însă piesele ca autentice, încadrarea lor în contextul cultural, meşteşugăresc şi istoric al Daciei preromane s-ar dovedi un demers fascinant, incitant, dar în acelaşi timp riscant, deoarece unele dintre ipotezele dogmatizate de mult timp ar fi erodate şi optica tradiţională ar trebui revizuită. Dar riscurile trebuie asumate. Obsesia certitudinilor ne face adesea să uităm de jocul subtil al relativităţilor.
Bucureşti – centrul istoric. Campania 2007. Raport preliminar privind cercetările arheologice efectuate pe strada Smârdan / Bucarest – Historical Center. Archaeological researches in Smârdan Street
Authors: Mănucu-Adameşteanu Gheorghe , Măgureanu Andrei , Panait Panait I. , Boroneanţ Adina , Gavrilă Elena , Popescu Raluca-Iuliana , Rădulescu Maria-Venera , Toderaş Meda , Velter Ana-Maria , Boglárka Tóth , Botár István
Published: February 2020

During the XVII century the historical documents mentioned a „ Lane going from the Princely Court towards the Greek’s Church’ while later on, until the second half of the XIX century the street was known as the German Lane. It acquired the present day name with the end of the Independence War in 1878. The 2007 excavations were the first ones focusing on the entire street. No archaeological remains were identified on the segment stretching from Lipscani St to Sf. Dumitru St. Foundations of brick constructions were exposed throughout the next segment, from Sf. Dumitru St. to Şelari St. Several fragments of wall foundations were observed at street numbers 30, 37, 39 and 41 and while dismanteling the sidewalk other short wall remains were exposed at street numbers 14, 26, 27, 28, 29. The excavations also uncovered the outlines of four XIX century constructions and one from the XVIII century. Other features included two garbage pits and remains of the old street paved with timber. The trench at no. 41 also yielded an area paved with small river boulders. A large number of pot sherds was recovered, resulted from various pottery types and also a large range of glass items. The majority was found within the cultural layer and only few from closed complexes such as pits or cellars. The ceramics was very fragmented, dating mostly from the XVII– XIX centuries. A major drawback constitutes the fact that this period is at the confluence between Late Medieval archaeology and ethnography, preventing a more refined chronology. The pottery material was grouped in two – the XVI– XVII centuries and the XVIII– XIX centuries, hoping that further publications will be more detailed. Mixed with the above mentioned fragments, isolated sherds, typical for the Dridu culture (X century) also occurred, in the soil resulted while digging the wall foundations.
Istria – Sectorul Basilica Extra Muros. Artefacte din materii dure animale descoperite în campaniile 2001-2004 / Istria – Secteur Basilica Extra Muros, dép. de Constanţa, Roumanie. Artefacts en matières dures animales découverts pendant les fouilles de 2001-2004
Authors: Beldiman Corneliu , Rusu-Bolindeţ Viorica , Bădescu Alexandru , Sztancs Diana-Maria
Published: February 2020

Artefactele diverse de os şi corn (netezitoare utilizate probabil la procesarea pieilor sau a textilelor ; ace de păr de os ; materii prime – coarne de vită şi de ovicaprine – pentru fabricarea probabilă a inelelor sau a manşoanelor) descoperite în contexte secundare în zona atelierelor din sectorul Basilica extra muros de la Istria şi studiate sistematic după metodologia actuală a domeniului, documentează în premieră pentru situl vest-pontic activităţi specifice prelucrării materiilor dure animale şi utilizării uneltelor sau pieselor de port/ podoabă produse în cursul sec. al II-lea p. Chr.
Tönerne Miniaturen von Beinschienen? Gedanken zu zwei Tonobjekten der Gârla Mare-Kultur
Authors: Dietrich Oliver
Published: February 2020

Der vorliegende Artikel bespricht zwei Tonobjekte der Gârla Mare-Kultur, die aus der Siedlung von Ostrovu Mare, Rumänien bzw. dem Gräberfeld von Orsoya, Bulgarien stammen. Es handelt sich um ovale, flache Platten mit symmetrisch angeordneter Ornamentik, deren Bildschatz typisch für die Urnenfelderzeit ist (Sonnenbarke, Sonnenwagen). Aufgrund erheblicher Ähnlichkeiten der Stücke in Verzierung und Form zu bronzenen Beinschienen wird erwogen, dass es sich bei beiden Objekten um Tonminiaturen von eben solchen Defensivwaffen handelt, eine Überlegung, die durch die Häufigkeit von Waffenminiaturen in der Gârla Mare-Kultur an Wahrscheinlichkeit gewinnt.
The Dacian Hoard from Bucureşti-Herăstrău. Archaeological and Archaeometallurgical Approaches
Authors: Spânu Daniel , Cojocaru Viorel
Published: February 2020

The late Latène hoard from Bucharest-Herăstrău (first half of the 1st century B. C.) comprises imported pieces from the Hellenistic-Roman centres (surely the tetradrachmas from Thasos, probably the mastos silver-cup and hypothetically the lost bronze situla) together with silver pieces, which, at least under the manufacturing aspect, seem to be local products of artisans from Barbaricum. The question that is raised rises is whether the metallographic analyses might pay clues for determining the origin of the different pieces from the hoard. The hypothesis according to which the raw material that represented the basis for the metalwork pieces would have been procured by recycling several coins similar to those discovered in the same hoard, could not be entirely confirmed, but at the same time the analyses did not categorically infirm it. This initial alloy seems to be similar with the one in the coins. The X-Ray test could not certify, but could not invalidate either if the jewelry and cup’s silver-based alloy was obtained by recycling the coins.
Probleme ale genezei şi restaurării cupelor de tip kantharos de la Sâncrăieni / Research issues regarding the genesis and restoration of the Sâncrăieni kantharos-cups
Authors: Spânu Daniel
Published: February 2020

Cu cele opt cupe cu picior şi toarte (kantharoi) şi şapte cupe hemisferice (mastoi), la care se adaugă două brăţări, o fibulă şi două monede, tezaurul de la Sâncrăieni reuneşte cel mai mare set de veselă din argint din Dacia perioadei târzii a Latène-ului. De altfel, prin greutatea lui excepţională (3.650 g), tezaurul devansează toate celelalte descoperiri dacice cu piese de argint. Diferenţele tehnologice şi stilistice dintre elementele consitutive ale cupelor de tip kantharos permit identificarea mai multor meşteri : (1) meşterul calotelor gravate (calotele cupelor nr. 4– 8) ; (2) meşterul cupei de import (nr. 1) ; (3) meşterul cupelor nr. 2– 3 şi al picioarelor de tip 3 (fig. 12 şi 13/ 2– 3) şi (4) meşterul picioarelor de tip 2 (fig. 12). Dacă meşterii 1, 3, şi 4 sunt locali, meşterul nr. 2 este greco-roman. De asemenea, se poate presupune o diferenţă cronologică de aproximativ o generaţie între meşterul nr. 1 şi meşterii 3 şi 4. În orice caz, colaborarea mai puţin armonizată a mai multor meşteri cu maniere diferite de ornamentare a determinat lipsa de unitate stilistică a elementelor constitutive ale cupelor de tip kantharos

produse în mediul „ barbar” (cupele nr. 2– 8). Această lipsă de unitate stilistică, precum şi demontarea cupelor de la Sâncrăieni înaintea îngropării lor, a dat naştere unor dileme insurmontabile pentru restaurarea modernă. Din acest motiv, ar fi fost preferabilă evitarea intervenţiilor cu caracter ireversibil şi păstrarea elementelor constitutive ale cupelor de tip kantharos

de la Sâncrăieni în starea în care au fost ele descoperite.
Complexe funerare de la începutul mileniului al II-lea, descoperite recent în judeţul Prahova / Funerary complexes from the beginning of the IInd millennium recently uncovered in Prahova County
Authors: Frînculeasa Alin , Preda Bianca , Negrea Octav , Soficaru Andrei , Dumitraşcu Valentin , Frînculeasa Mădălina
Published: February 2020

In 2011 the Museum for History and Archaeology of Prahova County conducted a series of rescue archaeological works in the area surrounding the city of Ploieşti. As a result, six tumuli (detected prior to this excavation at Ariceştii-Rahtivani (2), Păuleşti (3) and Strejnicu (1) were investigated. Inhumation graves were uncovered (both principal and secondary ones) with the individuals lying crouched on dorsal or lateral decubitus positions, having their legs constricted, fallen or lying laterally. Few grave goods were present. The burials were dated to the Bronze Age, probably the Jamnaja funerary horizon. Two other funerary complexes discovered at Păuleşti and Strejnicu were attributed to horsemen populations from the beginning of the IInd millenium AD. The grave from Păuleşti contained, alongside the human remains remains, parts of a horse skeleton. The human skeleton was lying on the back, head towards the west, arms along the body, legs stretched. The horse parts comprised the skull and the extremities of the legs, found together with a horse bit, two arrowheads, a ring and an iron object (whose functionality could not be determined because of its precarious state of conservation). The tomb from Strejnicu (probably a cenotaph) contained only the skull and leg extremities from a horse, together with a horse bit, an arrowhead and another iron object whose functionality could not be determined for the same reason as above.
Meeting an Early Medieval Community: A Preliminary Analysis of the Human Skeletal Remains from the Jucu Cemetery (Cluj-Napoca, Romania)
Authors: Diana Annamaria , Meşter Mihai
Published: February 2020

Necropola de la Jucu (jud. Cluj) – „ Tetarom III” – a fost cercetată în 2007 în urma săpăturilor arheologice de salvare determinate de necesitatea descărcării de sarcină arheologică a terenului pe care urma să fie amenajat parcul industrial Nokia. Zona este bogată în situri arheologice a căror datare merge din epoca neolitică până în secolul al XVIII-lea. Articolul de faţă prezintă rezultatele preliminare ale analizei antropologice efectuate pe 60 de schelete din această necropolă. S-a constatat astfel o rată ridicată a mortalităţii infantile, o slabă diferenţă între sexe în ceea ce priveşte patologia şi o talie medie apropiată de cea a altor populaţii europene din Evul Mediu timpuriu. Perioada în care necropola de la Jucu a fost folosită este caracterizată de intense migraţii. Numărul de surse scrise ce conţin informaţii referioare la această perioadă din istoria Transilvaniei fiind limitat, materialele arheologice şi osteologice reprezintă o sursă fundamentală în cunoaşterea istoriei acestei regiuni. Chiar şi într-o formă preliminară, studiul de faţă a permis obţinerea unor date preţioase asupra comunităţii de la Jucu.
Preambul la o cercetare arheologică a fostei colonii de muncă forţată din perioada comunistă de la Poarta Albă, România / Preamble of planned archaeological research in the former forced labor camp from the communist period at Poarta Albă, Romania
Authors: Dragoman Radu-Alexandru , Florea Mihai-Ştefan
Published: February 2020

The present text is a preamble of proposed archaeological excavations in the former forced labor camp from the communist period at Poarta Albă, Dobrudja, Eastern Romania. In the 1950s thousands of persons were arrested for political and/ or religious reasons and sent to Poarta Albă to work for the construction of the Danube– Black Sea Canal ; many of them died due to the extermination conditions in the camp. To honor them, an Orthodox monastery is going to be built in the area of the former camp. We argue that the main aim of a future archaeological approach should be to uncover the memories hold by the site and surrounding landscape, i. e.

“ the material memory” (Olivier 2008), and to contribute to the creation of a memorial museum, part of the monastery. Following the preliminary fieldwork carried out in 2012, a series of structures were mapped and photographed, the majority of which belong most probably to the former camp.
Materiale arheologice noi, descoperite la Histria, Punctul „Pescărie” / New Archaeological Finds Discovered at Histria – “Pescărie”
Authors: Buzoianu Livia , Nopcea Cătălin
Published: February 2020

O săpătură de salvare cu caracter preventiv în punctul Histria–„ Pescărie” a prilejuit recuperarea unui bogat inventar arheologic, majoritar de epocă elenistică. Materialele par să provină dintr-un tumul distrus mai demult, din care au mai fost identificate trei morminte. Punctul cercetat se află în zona de contact dintre cartierul extra muros roman timpuriu şi tumulii din necropola de vest a cetăţii Histria. Într-o variantă de interpretare, putem considera că, în acest punct, locuirea de epocă greacă este suprapusă direct de un tumul de epocă romană (în acord cu situarea tumulilor din apropiere deja cercetaţi – VII, VIII şi XXXV, din perioada a III-a de amenajare a necropolei). Nu este exclusă nici posibilitatea ca materialele greceşti să provină dintr-un tumul din perioada de autonomie a cetăţii, în care s-au practicat ulterior şi alte înmormântări. În această interpretare, el ar reprezenta, împreună cu tumulul XXXVI, complexele funerare cele mai vechi şi mai apropiate de incinta elenistică de pe platoul de vest al cetăţii. Inventarul arheologic constă în ştampile amforice (de Thasos, Sinope, Rhodos, Cnidos, tip Parmeniskos), boluri fragmentare cu decor în relief, ceramică atică cu decor, fragmente de kantharoi (între care unul cu graffito), opaiţe etc. Ștampilele amforice asigură o datare spre mijlocul sec. IV a. Chr. (365/ 360 a. Chr.) până în primele trei decenii sau spre mijlocul sec. II a. Chr. Cel mai bine reprezentat (pentru toate categoriile de materiale) este sec. III a. Chr. Piesele cu datare mai timpurie (prima jumătate a sec. IV, eventual chiar sfârşitul sec. V a. Chr.) sau ulterioare mijlocului sec. II a. Chr. sunt puţine. Singurele piese de inventar care aparţin perioadei romane sunt obiectele de os.
The Histria Sud Sector. Recent Archaeological Research on an ‘Imposing’ Early Roman Public Building
Authors: Dabîca Mircea
Published: February 2020

In 1961, Nubar Hamparţumian resumed the archaeological research in the Basilica extra muros Sector at Histria. Among the discoveries made between 1961– 1964 were the ruins of an ‘ imposing’ Early Roman public building dated to the 3rd c. AD. The ruins were three 1.95m– wide wall segments, discovered in three different parts of the sector. In 2010 the author of the present paper extended northwards the research in the Histria Sud Sector where, in collaboration with the neighbouring sector (the Basilica extra muros Sector, coordinated by dr. Viorica Rusu-Bolindeţ), three new main trenches were excavated on a N– S orientation, spanning from the southern limit of the archaeological site up to the early Christian basilica. In 2012– 2013 we discovered seven segments of the same Early Roman building in sections S3b, S5, S6 and S7. When measured on a plan, all these segments belong to the same building discovered in the 1960s. By corroborating all the construction elements discovered up to the present moment, we obtain a public building of 90 × 20m. Future archaeological research will clarify the plan and function of this impressive building.
Oriental Amphorae Discovered at Histria in the Central-North Sector (Campaign 2012)
Authors: Bădescu Alexandru , Cliante Laurenţiu
Published: February 2020

Cele 41 de fragmente de amfore orientale prezentate în acest studiu aparţin unui grup care cuprinde 143 fragmente descoperite la Histria, în Sectorul Centru-Nord, într-o secţiune cu dimensiunile 26/ 2 m deschisă în 2012. Materialul ceramic este clasificat în nouă tipuri de amfore şi un tip de capac de amforă. Tipologia ceramicii analizate este următoarea : 52,45% amfore, 43,36% ceramică de bucătărie, 2,80% opaiţe şi 1,40% alte obiecte. Statisticile bazate pe întreaga serie a complexului ceramic descoperit arată că cea mai importantă categorie ceramică este reprezentată de amfore (77,60%), urmată de ceramica de bucătărie (20,40%) şi diverse obiecte (2%).
A Mould Used for Manufacturing Metal Crosses Discovered in the Vicinity of the Episcopal Basilica from Histria
Authors: Cliante Laurenţiu
Published: February 2020

În cursul campaniei de cercetări din 2013 de la Histria, cu ocazia săpăturilor din sectorul nord-estic al cetăţii a fost descoperit un tipar de cruce, în apropierea axei nordice a atriului Basilicii Episcopale. Crucile erau probabil destinate serviciilor religioase desfăşurate în basilica histriană.
La Basilique à crypte d’Istros : dix campagnes de fouilles (2002–2013)
Authors: Achim Irina Adriana
Published: February 2020

Această contribuţie valorifică doar parţial rezultatele cercetărilor efectuate de echipa Institutului de Arheologie „ Vasile Pârvan” în perimetrul basilicii cu criptă în intervalul 2002– 2013. Au fost avute în vedere caracteristicile arhitecturale ale edificiului creştin, structurile arhitecturale preexistente (atât cele de epocă greacă, cât şi romană), locul monumentului creştin în urbanismul epocii romane târzii la Histria, modificările detectabile arheologic ce au survenit în configuraţia acestei arii intra murane a cetăţii romane târzii pe mai multe paliere cronologice.
Late Roman kitchen pottery discovered at Histria in the Centre-North Sector (2012)
Authors: Bădescu Alexandru , Cliante Laurenţiu
Published: February 2020

Cele 50 de fragmente ceramice prezentate în prezentul articol fac parte dintr-un lot format din 143 de fragmente descoperite la Histria, în sectorul Centru Nord, într-o secţiune de 26×2 m deschisă în anul 2012. În numărul trecut al aceleiaşi publicaţii am prezentat 41 de fragmente de amfore orientale descoperite în aceeaşi campanie. Lotul ceramic este împărţit după criteriul funcţional, astfel : Vasa escaria – 25 fragmente ; Vasa pota(to) ria – 15 fragmente ; Vasa conquina(to) ria – 10 fragmente. Lotul prelucrat se împarte astfel : 52,45% amfore, 43,36% ceramică de bucătărie, 2,80% opaiţe şi 1,40% diverse. Statistica realizată pe întreg lotul ceramic descoperit indică următoarea repartizare : amfore (77,60%), ceramică de bucătărie (20,40%) şi diverse (2%).
Contribuţii la repertoriul arheologic al judeţului Covasna (III) / Contributions to the repertory of discoveries from Covasna County (III)
Authors: Puskás József
Published: February 2020

Articolul de faţă prezintă rezultatele unor cercetări de suprafaţă, efectuate în ultimii trei ani în Depresiunea Târgu Secuiesc, judeţul Covasna. Materialul arheologic caracterizează un interval de timp larg, de la începuturile epocii neolitice până în secolul XVIII. Materialul cel mai bogat (format din ceramică şi fragmente de unelte de piatră) aparţine neoliticului (cultura Starčevo-Criş) şi epocii bronzului (cultura Wietenberg). Sporadic, au fost descoperite materiale eneolitice şi fragmente tipice epocii bronzului timpuriu. Noi urme de aşezări din epoca dacică sunt cunoscute din cinci localităţi, iar perioadei postromane (cultura Sântana de Mureş – Černjachov) îi aparţin tot cinci, sugerând o populaţie numeroasă în aceste perioade.
Paleoliticul inferior din România: o reevaluare din perspectiva descoperirilor din situl Dealul Guran / Lower Palaeolithic in Romania: a revaluation from the perspective of the discoveries from Dealul Guran site
Authors: Doboş Adrian , Iovita Radu
Published: February 2020

Southeastern Europe played an important role in understanding the dynamics of hominin colonizations during the Pleistocene. Consequently, in the recent years, much valuable work has been done in re-assessing the Lower Palaeolithic record in this part of Europe. We provide a brief synthesis of the discoveries currently assigned to the Lower Palaeolithic in Romania and we conclude that many of them were interpreted as Lower Palaeolithic solely according to typological criteria, whereas some pieces have natural origin. We then present the site of Dealul Guran, which we argue is the first reliable Lower Palaeolithic occupation on today''s Romania territory, dating from MIS 11.
Le gisement paléolithique supérieur ancien de la « VII 1 » à Ciuperceni (Vallée du Danube)
Authors: Dobrescu Roxana , Tuffreau Alain , Balescu Sanda
Published: February 2020

The “ La Vii 1” (Ciuperceni) settlement, situated in the Danube Plain, has been excavated during the last years. A loessic sequence attributed to the MIS 3 because of an IRSL age includes several Upper Palaeolithic assemblages whose characteristics are very similar. The raw material of the most numerous assemblages (level CR) is a local flint for the majority of the artifacts. This assemblage is typical of a workshop site using a hard percussion for the production of blades, bladelets and flakes with different reducing sequences. Because of the scarcity of the tools, it is difficult to precise the cultural attribution of the assemblage which could belong to an Aurignacian, or probably to an original facies. The presence of particular rabots is an outstanding characteristic.
Cultura Starčevo-Criş în Nordul Munteniei. Cercetări recente la Seciu (jud. Prahova) / Starčevo-Criş culture in Northern Wallachia. Recent research at Seciu (Prahova County)
Authors: Frînculeasa Alin , Preda Bianca , Bălășescu Adrian , Soficaru Andrei , Negrea Octav , Nica Tiberiu
Published: February 2020

This study aims to publish the results of the archaeological excavations carried out in 2012 in the Neoeneolithic site from Boldeşti-Scăieni, Seciu neighbourhood (Prahova County). The surface excavated in 2012 was small, comprised of two sections. Extensive research was performed at the site in 2009 ; the results were published in a monography and in several studies. Archaeological artefacts specific to the Starčevo-Criş culture, especially ceramics, but also an inhumation burial of a child were unearthed in 2012. Archaeozoological material was also found. An Eneolithic dwelling attributed to the Stoicani-Aldeni cultural aspect was found above the Early Neolithic habitation layer. Two radiocarbon dates were obtained from samples taken from the Neolithic layer. They are presented and analised in this paper in the broader context of the evolution of the Starčevo-Criş culture at the Lower Danube.
O locuinţă Vădastra de la Slatina, jud. Olt / A Vădastra dwelling from Slatina, Olt County
Authors: Ştefan Cristian-Eduard
Published: February 2020

In this contribution is presented a dwelling attributed to Vădastra culture excavated in 1959– 1961 at Slatina by D. Berciu and M. Butoi. Starting from it, we tried to analyse the little data available on the habitat of the Vădastra culture north of the Danube. A recent list of discoveries presents 28 localities with Vădastra type pottery and other six uncertain ones north of the Danube. Most of them were identified during field surveys, and only a few reveal information about the habitation structures.