bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response and inversion of skewness parameters to meteorological factors based on RGB model of leaf color digital image
Authors: Zhang Pei , Chen Zhengmeng , Wang Fuzheng , Wu Hongyan , Hao Ling , Jiang Xu , Yu Zhiming , Zou Lina , Jiang Haidong
Published: November 2023

In the natural environment, complex and changeable meteorological factors can influence changes in the internal physiology and phenotype of crops. It is important to learn how to convert complex meteorological factor stimuli into plant perception phenotypes when analyzing the biological data obtained under the natural field condition. We restored the true gradation distribution of leaf color, which is also known as the skewed distribution of color scale, and obtained 20 multi-dimensional color gradation skewness-distribution (CGSD) parameters based on the leaf color skewness parameter system. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between the five corresponding meteorological factors and canopy CGSD parameters of peppers growing in a greenhouse and cabbages growing in an open air environment, built response model and inversion mode of leaf color to meteorological factors. Based on the analysis, we find a new method for correlating complex environmental problems with multi-dimensional parameters. This study provides a new idea for building a correlation model that uses leaf color as a bridge between meteorological factors and plants internal physiological state.
An investigation of social media labeling decisions preceding the 2020 U.S. election
Authors: Bradshaw Samantha , Grossman Shelby , McCain Miles
Published: November 2023

Since it is difficult to determine whether social media content moderators have assessed particular content, it is hard to evaluate the consistency of their decisions within platforms. We study a dataset of 1,035 posts on Facebook and Twitter to investigate this question. The posts in our sample made 78 misleading claims related to the U.S. 2020 presidential election. These posts were identified by the Election Integrity Partnership, a coalition of civil society groups, and sent to the relevant platforms, where employees confirmed receipt. The platforms labeled some (but not all) of these posts as misleading. For 69% of the misleading claims, Facebook consistently labeled each post that included one of those claims—either always or never adding a label. It inconsistently labeled the remaining 31% of misleading claims. The findings for Twitter are nearly identical: 70% of the claims were labeled consistently, and 30% inconsistently. We investigated these inconsistencies and found that based on publicly available information, most of the platforms’ decisions were arbitrary. However, in about a third of the cases we found plausible reasons that could explain the inconsistent labeling, although these reasons may not be aligned with the platforms’ stated policies. Our strongest finding is that Twitter was more likely to label posts from verified users, and less likely to label identical content from non-verified users. This study demonstrates how academic–industry collaborations can provide insights into typically opaque content moderation practices.
Bionomic responses of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) to lethal and sublethal concentrations of selected insecticides
Authors: Fiaboe Kokou Rodrigue , Fening Ken Okwae , Gbewonyo Winfred Seth Kofi , Deshmukh Sharanabasappa
Published: November 2023

Since 2016, the invasive insect Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from the Americas has made maize production unattainable without pesticides in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. To counteract this pest, farmers often resort to the use hazardous pesticides. This study aimed to investigate botanicals, microbials, and semi-synthetic insecticides in Ghana for pest control without harming local ecosystems. Under laboratory and on-station conditions, the present study evaluated the acute and sublethal responses of S. frugiperda to: (i) Pieris rapae Granulovirus (PrGV) + Bacillus thuringiensis sub sp. kurstaki (Btk) 5 WP, (ii) Btk + monosultap 55 WP, (iii) ethyl palmitate 5 SC, (iv) azadirachtin 0.3 SC, (v) acetamiprid (20 g/l) + λ-cyhalothrin (15 g/l) 35 EC, (vi) acetamiprid (30 g/l) + indoxacarb (16 g/l) 46 EC, and (vii) emamectin benzoate 1.9 EC. The results showed that at 96 hours post-exposure emamectin benzoate-based formulation has the highest acute larvicidal effect with lower LC50 values of 0.019 mL/L. However, the results suggested strong sublethal effects of PrGV + Btk, azadirachtin, and ethyl palmitate on the bionomics of S. frugiperda. Two seasons on-station experiments, showed that the semi-synthetic emamectin benzoate and the bioinsecticide PrGV + Btk are good candidates for managing S. frugiperda. The promising efficacy of emamectin benzoate and PrGV + Btk on the bionomics of S. frugiperda in the laboratory and on-station demonstrated that they are viable options for managing this pest.
Effects of soil amendments on growth and biomass yield of early generation seeds of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) grown in net tunnels
Authors: Markos Daniel , Gurmu Fekadu
Published: November 2023

Early generation sweet potato vines are multiplied on nursery beds with high densities using soil medium within insect-proof net tunnels to inhibit the entrance of virus-transmitting insects (aphids and white flies). However, the rapid multiplication beds require suitable soil amendments to support vigorous growth of vines. To this end, farmyard manure, wood ash, sawdust, compost, coffee husk and control (soil only) were evaluated using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during the belg and meher seasons of 2016 to 2017 in the Chefe testing site of Hawassa Agriculture Research Center. Results also showed that the soil pH was higher by 8.9% and 1.4% due to the application of wood ash and sawdust whereas there was 9.3, 5.9 and 0.9% decrease in soil pH due to the use of compost, coffee husk and farmyard manure, respectively. All soil amendments enhanced soil moisture conservation compared to the control. A 47.0%, 31.2%, 30.3% and 26.5% increase in cation exchange capacity was observed by the end of second year due to use of coffee husk, wood ash, sawdust and farmyard manure, respectively. The potassium content was increased by 47.0%, 45.5% and 35.9% due to the use of wood ash, farmyard manure and coffee husk, respectively. The pencil root length, pencil root width and below-ground biomass were not affected significantly (P < 0.05) by differences in soil amendments (P < 0.05) in this experiment. The percentage increment in above-ground biomass due to the farmyard manure, coffee husk and compost was 62.01%, 53.56% and 49.87%, respectively higher than the control. Sawdust suppressed vine growth compared to the control. Coffee husk and farmyard manure medium produced higher number of branches (23 branches / plant) during meher whereas coffee husk produced the same during belg (14.4 branches / plant). Significantly (P < 0.05) higher number of vines was obtained due to farmyard manure (4686 vines/m2) and coffee husk (4602 vines/m2) compared to the control (2683 vines/m2). Significantly longer internodes were recorded due to the farmyard (100.6% greater) compared to the control. Thus, 50% farmyard manure, 50% coffee husk or 50% compost are recommended for better growth of pre-basic sweet potato vines in net tunnels. This study proclaimed possibility of nursery bed vine multiplication through use of local organic residues at the level of small holders and research sites during short and long rain seasons.
Comparison between the impact of osmotic and NaCl treatments on the expression of genes coding for ion transporters in Oryza glaberrima Steud.
Authors: Prodjinoto Hermann , Irakoze Willy , Gandonou Christophe , Quinet Muriel , Lutts Stanley
Published: November 2023

We analyzed the expression of genes coding for Na+ transporters (OsHKT1.5, OsHKT1.1, OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX1, OsNHX2), Cl- transporter (OsNRT1, OsCLC, OsCCC1) and gene coding for the transcription factor DREB (OsDREB2) involved in response to desiccation in two cultivars of O. glaberrrima differing in salt-resistance (salt-tolerant cultivar (TOG5307) and salt-sensitive (TOG 5949)) exposed to NaCl, PEG or both agents present simultaneously. Seedlings were grown in iso-osmotic nutrient solution (Ψs = -0.47±0.02 MPa) containing PEG 6,000 12.9% (water stress), NaCl 75 mM (salt stress) and PEG 6.4% + NaCl 37.5 mM (MIX-treatment) during 1 and 7 days. Plants were analyzed for gene expression, mineral nutrients, and photosynthetic-related parameters. Na+ and Cl- accumulations in salt-treated plants were lower in roots and shoots of TOG5307 comparatively to TOG5949 while water content decreased in TOG5307. TOG5307 exhibited tolerance to water stress and maintained higher net photosynthesis and water use efficiency than TOG5949 in response to all treatments, but was less efficient for osmotic adjustment. Dehydration tolerance of TOG5307 involves a higher OsDREB2 expression. TOG5307 also exhibited a higher OsSOS1, OsSOS2, OsNHX1 and OsNHX2 expression than TOG5949 in response to salinity. OsHKT1.5 was slightly induced in the shoot. OsHKT1.1 was recorded in the shoots but remained undetectable in the roots. Chloride and sodium accumulations were strongly reduced in the shoots when PEG was present. Salinity resistance in Oryza glaberrima implies tolerance to dehydration as well as complementary strategies of Na+ exclusion through the SOS system and Na+ tolerance through vacuolar sequestration.
Spatial distribution and influencing factors analysis of national key rural tourism villages in the Yangtze River Delta region based on geographically weighted regression
Authors: Zhao Haiyong , Zheng Junnan , Ma Sihui , Zhao Lei , Xu Pengfei , Li Jian
Published: November 2023

National key rural tourism villages (NKRTVs) can lead to the high-quality development of rural tourism, and their spatial distribution is influenced by a variety of factors. However, existing studies have neglected the fact that influencing factors can have different directions and effects in different geographic spaces. This study investigates 156 NKRTVs in the Yangtze River Delta region of China as the research object and employs ArcGIS spatial analysis technology to examine their spatial distribution characteristics. Additionally, two new indicators of land and culture are introduced to enhance the index system of influencing factors. A geographically weighted regression model is utilized to identify the spatial heterogeneity of various factors that affect the spatial distribution of NKRTVs. The results of this study indicate the following: (1) The spatial distribution of NKRTVs in the Yangtze River Delta region is characterized by "small clustering and large dispersion." The spatial distribution exhibits strong spatial correlation, with Shanghai serving as the primary spatial clustering core and Huangshan city forming a secondary spatial clustering subcore. The distribution of NKRTVs is relatively scattered in other areas, with obvious differences in the spatial distribution of cold and hot spots. (2) The results of the geographically weighted regression model show that with the change in spatial location, the influence effect of each influencing factor on the spatial distribution of NKRTVs has obvious spatial differences. Based on the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors, this study proposes targeted suggestions for the development of rural tourism in different regions.
DNA barcoding as new diagnostic tool to lethal plant poisoning in herbivorous mammals
Authors: Schweikle Sandra , Häser Annette , Wetters Sascha , Raisin Moses , Greiner Maica , Rigbers Kerstin , Fischer Ulrike , Pietsch Klaus , Suntz Michael , Nick Peter
Published: November 2023

Reliable identification of plant species in the digestive tract of a deceased animal often represents the major key to diagnose a lethal intoxication with poisonous plants in veterinary pathology. In many cases, identification of the species is challenging or even impossible because the diagnostic morphological features have been degraded, and because the interpretation of such features requires a considerable expertise in plant anatomy and biodiversity. The use of DNA barcoding markers can support or even replace classical morphological assessment. While these markers have been widely used for plant taxonomy, their forensic application to clarify causes of animal poisoning is novel. In addition, we use specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms as fingerprints. This allows for a clear decision even in cases, where the conventionally used statistical e-values remain ambiguous. In the current work, we explore the feasibility of this strategy in a couple of exemplary cases, either in concert with anatomical diagnostics, or in cases where visual species identification is not possible, or where chemical toxin detection methods are not well established, complex, time consuming and expensive.
The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible
Authors: Webster Lyndelle C. , Wolff Samuel R. , Ortiz Steven M. , Barbosa Marcella , Coyle Cameron , Arbino Gary P. , Dee Michael W. , Hua Quan , Jacobsen Geraldine E.
Published: November 2023

The ancient southern Levantine city of Gezer is well-known from Egyptian, Biblical and Assyrian sources, associated with power struggles, conquests, and intriguing tales involving figures such as Milkilu and Amenhotep III, Merneptah, the Philistines, Solomon and his unidentified pharaonic father-in-law, and Shishak / Sheshonq I. Since the identity of Gezer with “Tell Jezer” is quite literally ‘set in stone’ by some dozen boundary inscriptions, along with impressive Bronze and Iron Age remains, research at this site provides a unique opportunity to compare text and archaeology, as well as bring to light the undocumented everyday lives of the city’s inhabitants. In this endeavour, independent scientific dating is crucial for anchoring the remains chronologically. This paper presents the first substantial radiocarbon dataset and Bayesian chronological analysis for Gezer spanning the last part of the Late Bronze Age (LBA; LB IIB) through Iron Age II. The dataset derives from an essentially continuous stratigraphic sequence exposed in recent years by the Tandy expedition along the central-southern edge of the site. The results allow us for the first time to independently determine the site chronology, test the viability (from a chronological perspective) of proposed historical correlations, and contribute to debates on Philistine and Iron Age chronology.
Taking their wellbeing into their own hands: Self-educated and peer-recommended techniques used by women with breast cancer to improve sexual functioning during treatment and in survivorship
Authors: von Hippel Christiana , Dibble Kate E. , Rosenberg Shoshana M. , Bollman-Jenkins Melissa , Weiss Marisa , Partridge Ann H.
Published: November 2023

Objective

Coping with sexual dysfunction during and after breast cancer treatment is a persistent challenge for many women, even with clinician-offered standard sexual rehabilitative therapies (i.e., lubricants, counseling). This study sought to explore how women with breast cancer supplement clinician recommendations with self-discovered and peer-recommended techniques for improving sexual functioning and provide insight into how well they work.

Methods

Adult women with stage I-IV breast cancer were recruited to participate in a one-time online survey via Breastcancer.org. Thematic analysis identified emergent domains and themes focused on techniques for improving sexual function during and after treatment. Frequencies were calculated to quantify technique sources and perceived efficacy levels.

Results

Of 501 women responding to the survey, mean age was 53 years (range 30–79). Overall, 34.7% reported using a technique they discovered themselves or that was recommended by someone other than a clinician to improve sexual functioning. Four main themes regarding techniques included: 1) pain reduction, 2) intimacy and relationship enhancement, 3) desire and arousal enhancement, and 4) emotional coping. Most women discovered coping techniques without the help of clinicians, and 45.7% of women rated their techniques as moderately or more effective when used in addition to or instead of standard techniques offered by clinicians.

Conclusions

Our study provides insight into how women with breast cancer successfully cope with sexual dysfunction symptoms during and after treatment. To fully understand and share patients’ innovative techniques for coping with these symptoms, clinicians should foster open discussion about the potential for dysfuction and treatment for these symptoms, as well as avenues of peer-supported discussion to promote coping self-education and discovery.
Earliest known Gondwanan bird tracks: Wonthaggi Formation (Early Cretaceous), Victoria, Australia
Authors: Martin Anthony J. , Lowery Melissa , Hall Michael , Vickers-Rich Patricia , Rich Thomas H. , Serrano-Brañas Claudia I. , Swinkels Peter
Published: November 2023

The fossil record for Cretaceous birds in Australia has been limited to rare skeletal material, feathers, and two tracks, a paucity shared with other Gondwanan landmasses. Hence the recent discovery of 27 avian footprints and other traces in the Early Cretaceous (Barremian-Aptian, 128–120 Ma) Wonthaggi Formation of Victoria, Australia amends their previous rarity there, while also confirming the earliest known presence of birds in Australia and the rest of Gondwana. The avian identity of these tracks is verified by their tridactyl forms, thin digits relative to track lengths, wide divarication angles, and sharp claws; three tracks also have hallux imprints. Track forms and sizes indicate a variety of birds as tracemakers, with some among the largest reported from the Early Cretaceous. Although continuous trackways are absent, close spacing and similar alignments of tracks on some bedding planes suggest gregariousness. The occurrence of this avian trace-fossil assemblage in circumpolar fluvial-floodplain facies further implies seasonal behavior, with trackmakers likely leaving their traces on floodplain surfaces during post-thaw summers.
Dose response of running on blood biomarkers of wellness in generally healthy individuals
Authors: Nogal Bartek , Vinogradova Svetlana , Jorge Milena , Torkamani Ali , Fabian Paul , Blander Gil
Published: November 2023

Exercise is effective toward delaying or preventing chronic disease, with a large body of evidence supporting its effectiveness. However, less is known about the specific healthspan-promoting effects of exercise on blood biomarkers in the disease-free population. In this work, we examine 23,237 generally healthy individuals who self-report varying weekly running volumes and compare them to 4,428 generally healthy sedentary individuals, as well as 82 professional endurance runners. We estimate the significance of differences among blood biomarkers for groups of increasing running levels using analysis of variance (ANOVA), adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. We attempt and add insight to our observational dataset analysis via two-sample Mendelian randomization (2S-MR) using large independent datasets. We find that self-reported running volume associates with biomarker signatures of improved wellness, with some serum markers apparently being principally modified by BMI, whereas others show a dose-effect with respect to running volume. We further detect hints of sexually dimorphic serum responses in oxygen transport and hormonal traits, and we also observe a tendency toward pronounced modifications in magnesium status in professional endurance athletes. Thus, our results further characterize blood biomarkers of exercise and metabolic health, particularly regarding dose-effect relationships, and better inform personalized advice for training and performance.
A new alvarezsaurid dinosaur (Theropoda, Alvarezsauria) from the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot Formation of Mongolia provides insights for bird-like sleeping behavior in non-avian dinosaurs
Authors: Kubo Kohta , Kobayashi Yoshitsugu , Chinzorig Tsogtbaatar , Tsogtbaatar Khishigjav
Published: November 2023

Alvarezsauria is a group of early-branching maniraptoran theropods that are distributed globally from the Late Jurassic to the latest Cretaceous. Despite recent increases in the fossil record of this group, the scarcity of complete specimens still restricts interpreting their detailed anatomy, ecology, and evolution. Here, we report a new taxon of derived alvarezsaur, Jaculinykus yaruui gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, which represents a nearly complete and articulated skeleton. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals that Jaculinykus belongs to the sub-clade of Alvarezsauridae, Parvicursorinae, and forms a mononphyletic group with Mononykus and Shuvuuia. Its well-preserved manus has only two fingers, composed of a hypertrophied digit I and greatly reduced digit II, which implies an intermediate condition between the tridactyl manus of Shuvuuia and monodactyl manus of Linhenykus. This highlights a previously unrecognized variation in specialization of alvarezsaurid manus. Notably, the preserved posture of the specimen exhibits a stereotypical avian-like sleeping position seen in the troodontids Mei and Sinornithoides. Evidence of this behavior in the alvarezsaur Jaculinykus suggests that stereotypically avian sleeping postures are a maniraptoran synapomorphy, providing more evidence of bird-like traits being distributed broadly among avian ancestors.
Effects of 36 hours of sleep deprivation on military-related tasks: Can ammonium inhalants maintain performance?
Authors: Maleček Jan , Omcirk Dan , Skálová Kateřina , Pádecký Jan , Janikov Martin Tino , Obrtel Michael , Jonáš Michal , Kolář David , Michalička Vladimír , Sýkora Karel , Vágner Michal , Přívětivý Lubomír , Větrovský Tomáš , Bendová Zdeňka , Třebický Vít , Tufano James J.
Published: November 2023

Introduction

A lack of sleep can pose a risk during military operations due to the associated decreases in physical and cognitive performance. However, fast-acting ergogenic aids, such as ammonia inhalants (AI), may temporarily mitigate those adverse effects of total sleep deprivation (TSD). Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the acute effect of AI on cognitive and physical performance throughout 36 hours of TSD in military personnel.

Methods

Eighteen male military cadets (24.1 ± 3.0 y; 79.3 ± 8.3 kg) performed 5 identical testing sessions during 36 hours of TSD (after 0 [0], 12 [–12], 24 [–24], and 36 [–36] hours of TSD), and after 8 [+8] hours of recovery sleep. During each testing session, the following assessments were conducted: Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), simple reaction time (SRT), shooting accuracy (SA), rifle disassembling and reassembling (DAS), and countermovement jump height (JH). Heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored during the SA task, and a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was obtained during the JH task. At each time point, tests were performed twice, either with AI or without AI as control (CON), in a counterbalanced order.

Results

There was faster SRT (1.6%; p < 0.01) without increasing the number of errors, higher JH (1.5%; p < 0.01), lower RPE (9.4%; p < 0.001), and higher HR (5.0%; p < 0.001) after using AI compared to CON regardless of TSD. However, neither SA nor DAS were affected by AI or TSD (p > 0.05). Independent of AI, the SRT was slower (3.2–9.3%; p < 0.001) in the mornings (-24, +8) than in the evening (-12), JH was higher (3.0–4.7%, p < 0.001) in the evenings (-12, -36) than in the mornings (0, -24, +8), and RPE was higher (20.0–40.1%; p < 0.001) in the sleep-deprived morning (-24) than all other timepoints (0, -12, -36, +8). Furthermore, higher ESS (59.5–193.4%; p < 0.001) was reported at -24 and -36 than the rest of the time points (0, -12, and + 8).

Conclusion

Although there were detrimental effects of TSD, the usage of AI did not reduce those adverse effects. However, regardless of TSD, AI did result in a short-term increase in HR, improved SRT without affecting the number of errors, and improved JH while concurrently decreasing the RPE. No changes, yet, were observed in SA and DAS. These results suggest that AI could potentially be useful in some military scenarios, regardless of sleep deprivation.
The developmental trends of parental self-efficacy and adolescents’ rule-breaking behaviors in the Italian context: A 7-wave latent growth curve study
Authors: Remondi Chiara , Gerbino Maria , Zuffianò Antonio , Pastorelli Concetta , Thartori Eriona , Bacchini Dario , Di Giunta Laura , Lunetti Carolina , Favini Ainzara , Lansford Jennifer E. , Dodge Kenneth A.
Published: November 2023

Parental self-efficacy (PSE) captures parents’ beliefs in their ability to perform the parenting role successfully and to handle pivotal issues of specific developmental periods. Although previous studies have shown that, across the transition to adolescence, parents show decreasing levels of PSE while adolescents exhibit increasing engagement in rule-breaking (RB) behaviors, there is a paucity of studies investigating whether and how changes in PSE are related to late adolescents’ RB behaviors across development. The present study examined the developmental trends of PSE among Italian mothers and fathers over seven waves (representing children’s transition from late childhood to late adolescence; approximately from 9 to 18 years old) as well as the longitudinal associations between PSE and RB behaviors during late adolescence. Data were drawn from seven waves of the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project, a large-scale longitudinal, cross-cultural study, and included 200 Italian children (MAgeAtTime1 = 9.80, SD = 0.65; 50.5% girls) and their parents (200 mothers; 190 fathers). PSE was measured across all seven time-points (from T1 to T7), while adolescents’ RB behaviors were measured at the first and last assessment (T1 and T7). Results of univariate latent growth models showed a cubic trend of mothers’ PSE, which revealed a decreasing pattern characterized initially by a slight decline, followed by a rebound before continuously decreasing. By contrast, fathers’ PSE followed a linear decrease over time. Finally, our findings evidenced that only the slope of mothers’ PSE negatively predicted adolescents’ RB behaviors at T7, implying that mothers who maintained higher levels of PSE over time had children who later engaged in lower RB behaviors. The study implications are discussed.
Promoting healthy cooking patterns in China: Analysis of consumer clusters and the evolution of cooking pattern trends
Authors: Liang Chuan Bo , Cui Bin , Wang Fu Rong , Peng Jing , Ma Jian Ying , Xu Mei Yin , Ke Jun , Tian Yi , Cui Zi Qi
Published: November 2023

Cooking methods can change the composition of foods and have important effects on human health. The Chinese people have developed many distinct and unique cooking methods. However, the daily cooking patterns of Chinese people and the characteristics and evolution of trends in cooking patterns commonly used by Chinese consumers remain unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the major cooking patterns and discuss their effects on human health, as well as to identify the cooking pattern consumer clusters and the evolution of trends in Chinese consumer cooking patterns. From March to June 2021, this study interviewed 4,710 residents in Eastern China regarding the consumption frequency of each cooking method when food is prepared at home or when eating out. Exploratory factor analysis, K-Means cluster analysis, Chi-square test, pairwise comparisons of multiple sample rates, and multivariate linear regression were used to identify the cooking patterns and cooking pattern consumer clusters, to assess differences in consumption preferences between consumer clusters, and to examine the relationship between demographic characteristic variables and different cooking patterns. Results revealed three major cooking patterns, namely traditional Chinese (cooking methods with native Chinese characteristics), bland, and high-temperature cooking patterns, as well as seven cooking pattern consumer clusters and their demographic characteristics in the Eastern Chinese population. With increases in age, education level, and income, consumers tended to choose the healthy “Bland” cooking pattern. Further, there was a higher proportion of people aged 36–65 years in the C3 cluster, which is characterized by the “Bland” cooking pattern. However, participants who were male and younger made fewer healthy choices in their cooking patterns. Specifically, a higher proportion of participants aged 21–35 years were found in the C5 cluster, which is characterized by the unhealthy “High-temperature” cooking pattern. Therefore, culinary health education should focus on individuals who are male and young. Specifically, the shift in cooking patterns among people aged 21–35 years should receive special attention.
OptiBreech collaborative care versus standard care for women with a breech-presenting fetus at term: A pilot parallel group randomised trial to evaluate the feasibility of a randomised trial nested within a cohort
Authors: Walker Shawn , Spillane Emma , Stringer Kate , Trepte Lauren , Davies Siân M. , Bresson Jacana , Sandall Jane , Shennan Andrew ,   the OptiBreech Collaborative
Published: November 2023

OptiBreech collaborative care is a multi-disciplinary care pathway for breech presentation at term, with continuity from a breech specialist midwife, including where chosen, for vaginal breech birth (VBB). Pilot randomised trial using unblinded 1:1 parallel group allocation to OptiBreech versus standard care, within a cohort. Participants were women with a breech-presenting fetus > 33 weeks, at four sites in England, January–June 2022. A two-stage consent process was used. Participants consented to undergo random selection to be offered a ‘new care process’, with a choice to accept it, or not. Primary objectives were to identify recruitment, acceptance, and attrition rates. Randomisation procedures and potential primary outcomes for a substantive study were also feasibility-tested. 68 women were randomised between January–June 2022. The consent process was acceptable to participants, but randomisation was unacceptable to women who specifically sought OptiBreech care. Two women withdrew due to concerns about sharing personal information. More women planned a VBB when randomised to OptiBreech Care (23.5% vs 0, p = .002, 95% CI = 9.3%,37.8%). Women randomised to OptiBreech care had: lower rates of cephalic presentation at birth (38.2% vs 54.5%), higher rates of vaginal birth (32.4% vs 24.2%), lower rates of in-labour caesarean birth (20.6% vs 36.4%), lower rates of neonatal intensive care (5.9% vs 9.1%), and lower rates of severe neonatal morbidity (2.9% vs 9.1%). Randomisation was stopped on the advice of the steering committee before the planned sample of 104, as lack of access to VBB within standard care prohibited comparison of outcomes. Demand for VBB is sufficient for a cohort study, but comparison of outcomes by 1:1 randomisation is not feasible. OptiBreech care would be best evaluated using stepped wedge cluster randomisation. Funded by the United Kingdom National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR300582). Clinical trial registration: ISRCTN 14521381.
Short-term ocean acidification decreases pulsation and growth of the widespread soft coral Xenia umbellata
Authors: Tilstra Arjen , Braxator Lorena , Thobor Bianca , Mezger Selma D. , Hill Claudia E. L. , El-Khaled Yusuf C. , Caporale Giulia , Kim Sohyoung , Wild Christian
Published: November 2023

Coral reefs may experience lower pH values as a result of ocean acidification (OA), which has negative consequences, particularly for calcifying organisms. Thus far, the effects of this global factor have been mainly investigated on hard corals, while the effects on soft corals remain relatively understudied. We therefore carried out a manipulative aquarium experiment for 21 days to study the response of the widespread pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to simulated OA conditions. We gradually decreased the pH from ambient (~8.3) to three consecutive 7-day long pH treatments of 8.0, 7.8, and 7.6, using a CO2 dosing system. Monitored response variables included pulsation rate, specific growth rate, visual coloration, survival, Symbiodiniaceae cell densities and chlorophyll a content, photosynthesis and respiration, and finally stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as well as CN content. Pulsation decreased compared to controls with each consecutive lowering of the pH, i.e., 17% at pH 8.0, 26% at pH 7.8 and 32% at pH 7.6, accompanied by an initial decrease in growth rates of ~60% at pH 8.0, not decreasing further at lower pH. An 8.3 ‰ decrease of δ13C confirmed that OA exposed colonies had a higher uptake and availability of atmospheric CO2. Coral productivity, i.e., photosynthesis, was not affected by higher dissolved inorganic C availability and none of the remaining response variables showed any significant differences. Our findings suggest that pulsation is a phenotypically plastic mechanism for X. umbellata to adjust to different pH values, resulting in reduced growth rates only, while maintaining high productivity. Consequently, pulsation may allow X. umbellata to inhabit a broad pH range with minimal effects on its overall health. This resilience may contribute to the competitive advantage that soft corals, particularly X. umbellata, have over hard corals.
The matrix metalloproteinase ADAM10 supports hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell spread via its sheddase activity
Authors: Carriquí-Madroñal Belén , Sheldon Julie , Duven Mara , Stegmann Cora , Cirksena Karsten , Wyler Emanuel , Zapatero-Belinchón Francisco J. , Vondran Florian W. R. , Gerold Gisa
Published: November 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exploits the four entry factors CD81, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI, also known as SCARB1), occludin, and claudin-1 as well as the co-factor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to infect human hepatocytes. Here, we report that the disintegrin and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) associates with CD81, SR-BI, and EGFR and acts as HCV host factor. Pharmacological inhibition, siRNA-mediated silencing and genetic ablation of ADAM10 reduced HCV infection. ADAM10 was dispensable for HCV replication but supported HCV entry and cell-to-cell spread. Substrates of the ADAM10 sheddase including epidermal growth factor (EGF) and E-cadherin, which activate EGFR family members, rescued HCV infection of ADAM10 knockout cells. ADAM10 did not influence infection with other enveloped RNA viruses such as alphaviruses and a common cold coronavirus. Collectively, our study reveals a critical role for the sheddase ADAM10 as a HCV host factor, contributing to EGFR family member transactivation and as a consequence to HCV uptake.
A Clinicopathologic Comparison Between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter International Study
Authors: Arpa Giovanni , Vanoli Alessandro , Antoci Francesca , Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Di Sabatino Antonio ,   and the Small Bowel Carcinoma Consortium
Published: November 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Early-onset small bowel adenocarcinoma (EO-SBA) is a rare and poorly characterized entity.

METHODS:

This retrospective study conducted on an international multicenter cohort of 208 patients with SBA aimed at comparing clinicopathologic features of EO-SBA (age younger than 50 years at SBA diagnosis) and late-onset SBA (age 50 years or older at SBA diagnosis).

RESULTS:

The presence of predisposing pathologic conditions was significantly more common in the EO-SBA group compared with that in the late-onset SBA group (P = 0.003, Fisher exact test; relative risk: 1.50, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.86). This difference is mainly due to the significantly higher prevalence of celiac disease among patients with EO-SBA.

DISCUSSION:

EO-SBA is strongly associated with predisposing conditions, particularly with celiac disease, highlighting the importance of routine screening for celiac disease in patients with EO-SBA.
Corporalidades y acuerpamiento: Una mirada a la autopercepción de la imagen física entre mujeres adultas
Authors: Aguilar Rodríguez Erandi , Vázquez Vega Laura
Published: November 2023

Algunos atributos de la autopercepción corporal de mujeres asociadas a la apariencia física, alimentación, actividad física, sedentarismo, emocionalidad, bienestar, malestar, salud, enfermedad, entre otros elementos de estilos de vida posibles han sido intervenidos por idealizaciones o representaciones de belleza inflexibles y excluyentes que estigmatizan, vulneran y quebrantan la voluntad de estas corporeidades, a partir de la introyección de discursos patriarcales y sexistas en su acontecer sociohistórico y hegemónico. Se presentará un análisis inicial con las narrativas correspondientes, resultado de una aproximación antropológica y etnográfica que observa la puesta en sintonía de cuerpos estereotipados. Esbozando una propuesta de acuerpamientos que rompan con fronteras físicas y simbólicas, que sostengan comunidades de apoyo y resistencia ante los embates de estímulos que unifican, estandarizan y desprecian los cuerpos que no se insertan en dichos modelos, en aras de una lógica de múltiples consumos y no de una perspectiva de autocuidado y aceptación.
Análisis comparativo entre técnica anastomótica intracorporea y extracorpórea en la hemicolectomía derecha laparoscópica: estudio unicentrico
Authors: Vivas López Alfredo Alejandro , Navarro Fajardo David , Lavin Montoro Lucía , Labalde Martínez María , Rubio González Eduardo Enrique , García Villar Óscar , Nevado García Cristina , Peláez Torres Pablo , García Borda Francisco Javier , Ferrero Herrero Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Introducción: La técnica laparoscópica en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la neoplasia de colon derecho ya se ha instaurado como el abordaje de elección. Uno de los aspectos que sigue siendo objeto de discusión es la técnica empleada para la anastomosis, entre la técnica anastomótica extracorpórea (AEC) y la técnica intracorpórea (AIC), sin que aún se cuente con evidencia definitiva. Material y Métodos: Se analizaron de forma retrospectiva 189 pacientes sometidos a hemicolectomía derecha laparoscópica por causa tumoral, durante un periodo de 4 años (comprendido entre el 01/01/2018 y 01/01/2022), por cirujanos colorrectales de la unidad especializada de un único centro. Se compararon variables preoperatorias como el ASA, edad y comorbilidades de los pacientes y perioperatorias como tiempo operatorio, inicio de tránsito gastrointestinal, estancia postoperatoria, incidencia de fuga anastomótica, infección de sitio quirúrgico, y media de ganglios en la pieza postoperatoria. Resultados y discusión: De los 189 pacientes, en 142 se realizó AEC y en 47 AIC. Al comparar el tiempo operatorio total, la mediana fue 33 minutos mayor en el grupo con AIC. Con respecto al reinicio del Transito GI y la estancia postoperatoria se evidencio la disminución de 1 día en ambos indicadores al realizar la AIC. También se observó una aparente disminución de la infección del sitio quirúrgico y la dehiscencia anastomótica en el grupo AIC, pero sin llegar a ser esta variación estadísticamente significativa, y con resultados oncológicos (numero de ganglios resecados) equivalentes en ambos grupos. Conclusión: La AIC se muestra en nuestra serie como una técnica segura y superior en términos de estancia postoperatoria, y similar en sus resultados oncológicos al compararla con la técnica AEC.
Realization of Green Engineering at ETUT
Authors: Gedayev Serdar , Orazov Yslam
Published: November 2023

Despite being one of the young universities in the country, Oguz han Engineering and technology university of Turkmenistan (ETUT) aims to integrate all sustainable development goals in all aspects of its education and research programs within the scope of “Green Engineering." To increase the awareness and recognition of green engineering in our university, community, country, and world, we are developing sustainable projects such as the production of green hydrogen through solar panels, conversion of plastic waste into liquid fuel, bioethanol production from cotton stalks, sorting of solid wastes with a novel waste separator, production of synthetic fibers, clonal propagation of local plants, and obtaining of degradable bioplastics. This paper will explain these projects in detail accordingly. Realization and implementation of these projects into our society will contribute to applying sustainable development goals in the energy, climate change, and waste management areas of campus sustainability.
A HEI strategy to implement solutions aligned with energy and climate change challenges
Authors: Nazaré Loraine , Fernandes Inês , Oliveira Joaquim , Lillebø Ana , Queirós Alexandra
Published: November 2023

The vision of the University of Aveiro (UAveiro) is “to create, share and apply knowledge, involving the whole community through teaching, research, and cooperation with the surrounding environment, in order to make a clear difference for individuals and society”. Framed in the concept of Sustainability and Intergenerational Justice, UAveiro has has act by stimulating behaviours towards sustainability and by implementing solutions aligned with energy and climate change challenges.   Relevant examples are a manual of good environmental sustainability practices, dashboards to monitor our performance, University Footprint Calculator that enables “to think and anticipate realities” towards carbon neutrality without compromising future generations, UAUBike, solutions for sustainability challenges, the greenbuilding’s project.This paper showcases, from different perspectives, the role of UAveiro to contribute to tackle societal challenges arising from the climate crisis and global changes and promote transformative solutions in favour of sustainability, social responsibility and climate action.
Distance Education Course “Water as an Interdisciplinary Element of Teaching in Schools”: Action in Basic Education Through a Partnership between the PROFCIAMB Network and ANA, Brazil
Authors: Da Rocha Helena Midori Kashiwagi , Cavalcante Katia Viana , Costa Valéria Sandra de Oliveira , Malheiros Tadeu Fabricio , Krëmpi Daniela Alessandra
Published: November 2023

The Graduate Program in the National Network for Teaching Environmental Sciences (PROFCIAMB) in partnership with the National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency (ANA) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) updated the educational material of the “Water in Course – Multipliers” associated with the collection of didactic products desenvolved with the theme of Water by ANA to compose the education distance course “Water as an Interdisciplinary Element of Teaching in Schools”, which is aimed at teachers of Basic Education and professionals who work with teaching in non-formal spaces and/or non-school. Its objectives were built considering the Sustainable Development Goals ODS4 Quality Education and ODS6 Potable Water and Sanitation. The course was supported by Tutors (Students from the PROFCIAMB Network) and had a workload of 80 hours, distributed over four months in 5 modules. Module 1 to 4 for the Water and Teaching Principles and Methodology disciplines: Water: sustainable consumption and its multiple uses; Situation of water resources in Brazil; All together by the water; and, Cases of success in water care. Module 5 for the Application of learning discipline (lesson plan elaboration and lesson plan report). Four classes were offered from 2018 to 2022 with 4,645 vacancies and 14,850 registered candidates, nationwide course; 4,518 students enrollments and 1,656 students approved.
Evaluation of the Green Campus Program at the University of A Coruña
Authors: Dono Martina , Torrijos Verónica , Soto Manuel
Published: November 2023

Green Campus (GC) is an international program launched by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) which includes the philosophy, methodology and experience of Eco-schools, adapted to the specific university needs and problems. Through its seven-steps methodology, the GC program can be considered a kind of environmental management system, which includes external evaluation and pursues continuously improved environmental performance. The GC program began at the UDC in 2014, with autonomous implementation at the center level, promoting bottom-up initiatives in combination with other top-down initiatives. In 2022 it had reached all 20 UDC teaching centers, more than half of them having already achieved program certification (green flag award). This paper analyses the evolution and performance of the GC program at UDC, through two on-line surveys addressed to 1) students in general, and 2) coordinators and members of the environmental committees. Some difficulties identified are low involvement and participation of students and overload of tasks of all kinds, which hinders the volunteer participation of committee members. Nevertheless, a good overall rating was given to the program from participating staff and students. A SWOT analysis is also presented, summarizing the information obtained through surveys, together with the Office for the Environment's experience in the coordination of the different centers involved in the program. Finally, a strategy is proposed to improve the visibility of the GC among students and enhance their participation.
Green Innovation, Carbon Storage and Perceived environmental quality in Lagos State University, Nigeria
Authors: Ogundele Fatai Olakunle , Olatunji-Bello Ibiyemi Ibilola , Adeneye Adejuwon Adewale
Published: November 2023

A sustainable university has been defined as a higher educational institution that addresses, involves and promotes the minimization of negative environmental, economic, societal, and health effects generated in the use of their resources in order to fulfil its functions of teaching, research, outreach and partnership, and stewardship in ways to help society make the transition to sustainable lifestyles. Earlier studies on green innovations have basically centered on the environmental benefits and were purely descriptive in nature. Several others examined the effect of green innovation on soil organic carbon by comparing street trees of species. The present study would contribute to literature using a mixed research approach to empirically investigate the contributions of green innovation on carbon storage and perceived environmental quality in Lagos State University, Nigeria. Data for the study were obtained by collecting 100 surface (0 – 15cm) soil samples with the aid of a soil auger under campus trees, grasses, ornamental trees and vegetables (Amaranthus and green vegetable farms) across different land uses on campus. Also, data on green characteristics (tree height, tree size, canopy cover, density of herbs, basal cover and herbaceous cover) were measured using different ecological procedures, while 655 questionnaire copies were administered to staff and students to ascertain their perceived environmental quality of green innovation. Data obtained were analyzed using averages, simple percentages, One-Way Analysis of Variance, multiple regression analysis and principal components analysis. The results obtained showed that carbon storage significantly varied among the green innovation components with canopy cover contributing over 55% of carbon storage. The study revealed that canopy cover and tree size substantially contributed in carbon storage with canopy cover being more effective. PCA result identified beautification of LASU (19.8%), flood control (18.8%), promotion of urban ecology (15.8%) and improvement in air quality (9.5%) as the principal dimensions or perceived environmental quality of green innovation. The result further showed that green innovation characteristics have significant relationship with carbon storage. The study shows the importance of campus tree in carbon reduction and recommends the need for universities to give necessary recognition and incorporate these green components in physical planning.