bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of patients with chronic low back pain and fibromyalgia
Authors: Nasonova T. I.
Published: July 2022

Management of patients with chronic low back pain and fibromyalgia is an urgent problem of modern medicine. In real clinical practice, fibromyalgia (FM) is often undiagnosed, with chronic back pain no combined diseases are detected, so patients do not receive comprehensive therapy, as demonstrated by two clinical observations. One patient suffered from chronic lumbodynia (skeletal-muscular lumbar pain against the background of lower lumbar facet joint lesions), chronic insomnia, anxiety disorders. The second patient suffered from FM combined with osteoarthritis of the hip joints and sacroiliac joint. Comprehensive personalized treatment, which included identifying and treating comorbidities, working with patients’ misconceptions about the causes of pain, predicting and planning physical activity, conducting an educational program with elements of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), regular exercise therapy, and pharmacotherapy, led to significant improvement in the patients’ condition. In both observations, a persistent (for 6 months) positive effect in the form of pain reduction, improvement of the functional state, emotional status, and sleep of the patients was achieved.he study also discusses the issues of effective therapy of chronic musculoskeletal chronic lumbar pain and FM, doctors’ poor awareness of FM and criteria for its diagnosis. It is noted that regular therapeutic exercises, restriction of excessive physical and static loads form the basis of management of patients with chronic back pain. Patients with chronic back pain often have misconceptions about their disease, its prognosis, and effective therapies, so identifying and resolving these problems using CBT contributes to a positive treatment outcome.
The Keele STarT Back Screening Tool Questionnaire: linguistic adaptation of the Russian language version
Authors: Bakhtadze M. A. , Voskresenskaya O. N. , Prokhorov D. E.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The original English-language questionnaire for identifying the risks of developing chronic back pain The Keele STarT Back Screening Tool was developed in 2007 and adapted for use in many languages. The article describes the linguistic adaptation of the Russian version of the questionnaire The Keele STarT Back Screening Tool conducted in accordance with generally accepted rules.

Aim. Linguistic adaptation of the Russian-language version of The Keele STarT Back Screening Tool.

Materials and methods. Linguistic adaptation was carried out in five stages: 1) direct translation by three translators; 2) development of one version of direct translation; 3) reverse translation by two native English speakers; 4) development of one reverse version and its discussion by a committee of experts; 5) preliminary testing of the Russian version in a group of 30 patients (10 men and 20 women) aged from 28 to 84 years (average age 61.3 ± 8.7 years) with acute back pain, who in the period of April-June 2022 were on outpatient or inpatient treatment at the Clinic of Nervous Diseases of Sechenov University for nonspecific back pain (n = 21) and radiculopathy (n = 9).

Results and discussion. All patients reported that the wording of the questionnaire items was clear and did not raise additional questions. The response time to the questions ranged from 30 seconds to 2 minutes 20 seconds (on average – 1 minute 18 seconds).

Conclusion. The adapted Russian version of The Keele STarT Back Screening Tool questionnaire to identify the risks of developing chronic back pain did not cause comments from patients and experts. This version can be used to confirm its psychometric properties.
A current view on the prospects for the pharmaceutical therapy in neurorehabilitation after stroke
Authors: Shishkova V. N. , Kapustina L. A. , Imamgayazova K. E.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Given due regard to the urgency of the issue of pharmaceutical support in neurorehabilitation after stroke, an open multicenter study was designed and conducted.

Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapy with Brainmax®, which is an original combination of two drugs: ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) (100 mg/ml) and meldonium dihydrate (100 mg/ml) in the form of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections in patients with ischemic stroke in the acute and early recovery period.

Materials and methods. The study included 60 patients aged 18 to 80 years with the first ischemic stroke in the carotid or vertebrobasilar system, meeting the  inclusion/exclusion criteria. The total duration of  therapy was 24  days. The efficacy of therapy was assessed using the following tools: modified Rankin Scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA).

Results. All patients showed improvement of their general condition by the end of therapy. The vast majority of patients noted that they had fewer difficulties with movement, self-care and daily activities as compared to the first visit. There was also a  significant improvement in  the total scores on the  NIHSS scale, the  Rivermead Mobility Index, and the  Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (p < 0.05) by the end of therapy. The proportion of patients with reported adverse events (AEs) accounted for 3.33%. All AEs were transient and did not require cessation of the therapy. No serious side effects were recorded in any of the groups.

Conclusions. The study showed significant improvement of the key symptoms of ischemic stroke: regression of neurological deficit, functional and cognitive impairment. On top of that, it was noted that the incidence of adverse events associated with the use of Brainmax® was low, which did not lead to cessation of therapy. No serious side effects were recorded in any of the groups.
The optimal way to fill the deficiency of essential substances for the well-being of the joints
Authors: Dydykina I. S. , Kovalenko P. S. , Aboleshina A. A. , Kovalenko A. A.
Published: July 2022

The article presents basic information about the role and structure of cartilage tissue and its components, the impact of an imbalance in the structure of nutrition on the well-being of the joints, evidence of the symptomatic and structural-modifying effect of chondroitin and glucosamine in the composition of original drugs and dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Particular attention is paid to the structure and synthesis of collagen, its biological role in the body in the formation of the cell structure of various tissues, especially cartilage. Found 28 types of collagen, differing in amino acid sequence and degree of modification, which are encoded by more than 40 genes. It was noted that the activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis of collagen depends on sufficient intake of products containing ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and the degradation and decrease in the amount of collagen is associated with the development and progression of osteoarthritis and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The use of type 2 collagen, including in combination with chondroitin and glucosamine, is considered as a promising method for preventing joint problems. It is emphasized that the main substances necessary for the syn thesis of cartilage components come from food. An imbalance in the structure of nutrition (reducing the consumption of proteins, microelements and vitamins, excessive consumption of fats and carbohydrates) negatively affects the state of the connective tissue and causes problems for all structures that form the joint. One way to correct eating behavior and replenish essential deficiencies is through the use of vitamin-mineral complexes and dietary supplements, which are gaining interest in the medical community as evidence accumulates for their effectiveness in supporting joint well-being.
Interleukin-6 inhibitors: from the therapy of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases to use in COVID-19
Authors: Muravyeva N. V. , Belov B. S.
Published: July 2022

The key role in the development of chronic autoimmune inflammation is played by pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular, interleukin 6 (IL-6). The introduction into clinical practice of monoclonal antibodies inhibiting IL-6 is a significant event in rheumatology and is currently considered as a promising direction in the treatment of immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The first inhibitor of IL-6 (IL-6), which entered the practice of rheumatologists, was tocilizumab (TCZ), the second – sarilumab (SAR). Numerous studies have shown the high effectiveness of iIL-6: the use of drugs leads to a rapid decrease in the clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a decrease in laboratory signs of inflammation, contributing to the achievement of low activity or remission, improves the quality of life of patients, and also slows down the X-ray progression of the disease. At the same time, iIL-6 has a satisfactory safety profile. The universal problem of our time – the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection – has led to attempts to use IL-6 in patients with severe and critical disease, since IL-6 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, which is confirmed by the results of numerous studies. However, data on the efficacy and safety of these drugs in COVID-19 are contradictory, which requires conducting larger-scale controlled studies. This review examines the issues of the effectiveness and safety of TCZ and SAR in rheumatological patients and in patients with COVID-19. The review is illustrated with examples from real clinical practice.
As Operações de paz no continente africano no âmbito da política externa brasileira
Authors: Ziebell Guilherme , Junior Aroldo
Published: July 2022

O presente trabalho discute o uso, pelo Brasil, da parti- cipação nas missões de paz das Nações Unidas no conti- nente africano como parte de sua estratégia de inserção internacional, sobretudo como um potencial membro para um Conselho de Segurança da ONU reformado. O artigo adota abordagem qualitativa, apoiada em revisão de fontes bibliográficas e no método hermenêutico. Em linhas gerais, o que se percebe é que, embora tais opera- ções sirvam como ferramentas para elevar o perfil inter- nacional do Brasil, a fim de apresentá-lo como um país que se compromete em assegurar a paz e a segurança in- ternacionais, a ausência de uma estratégia coerente para o engajamento brasileiro em tais ações dificulta o alcance dos objetivos nacionais.
Study on the extraction method of the friction-induced vibration signal of rotary compressors
Authors: Zhang Rongting , Zhang Jinquan , Song Qifeng , Chen Guangxiong
Published: July 2022

The operation noise level of air conditioners has been a main concern to consumers. The friction-induced vibration and noise have a contribution to the overall operation noise level of air conditioners. In this paper, two rotary compressors were tested to measure the vibration and noise of the compressors. The friction-induced vibration signals were extracted using a combination of the harmonic wavelet transform and the envelope spectrum analysis. The two rotary compressors were disassembled to check whether the compressor parts have been worn after testing. Results show that when the crankshaft was worn, the friction-induced vibration of compressors is strong. At low rotational speeds of the rotary compressor, the friction-induced vibration is easily excited, which is probably attributed to the boundary lubrication at the interface between the crankshaft and bearing. At high rotational speeds of the rotary compressor, the friction-induced vibration is not easy to be excited, which is probably attributed to the aerodynamic lubrication at the interface between the crankshaft and bearing.
Formation and Development of Social Law
Authors:   Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Belarus, Vitushko V.A.
Published: July 2022

Law ideology of the post-soviet states that have been participating in market conditions of social and economic development and that have declared themselves by the constitution as social may seem equal. However, their law systems are not the same. Development of interstate interaction in the frames of the Union State of Belarus and Russia as well as the EAEU requires deep harmonization of the law systems of those countries. Socialization may serve as institutional platform of the law systems harmonization. The idea of socialization was born in Europe in the end of the XIX century. Its purpose was to curb bourgeois individualism and egoism. Nowadays it has been transformed in the direction of balanced combination of interests of all the layers of the society, its partners and collaboration. When applied to the conditions of the modern state of law systems of the post-soviet states, if we take the civil law as an example, main principles of its socializations are described. There are the following principles that are related to the basis of the subject of the civil law: the unity of property and personal non-property relations; interdisciplinary approach to the regulation of civil relations; intersectional legal regulation of civil relations. The main basics of the methods are the unity of the general scientific and civil legal methodology; solidarity, parity, coordination of rights, obligations and legal interests of the person, second parties and society; individualization and specification of civil relations. Other elements of the system of the civil law should be based on the following principles: interconnection of the institutions and other elements of the system of the civil right; the indissoluble connection of an indefinite number of civil legal relations; unity of civil rights and obligations, permissions, prohibitions and regulations.
LOS MIGRANTES Y LA LEGISLACIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE SEGURIDAD SOCIAL CHILENO
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Santander Gidi José Antonio , Fuenzalida Cuevas Romane ,   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción
Published: July 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad hacer un análisis general del Derecho a la Protección Social desde el punto de vista la situación que enfrentan personas migrantes en Chile. Lo anterior tiene como objetivo, por un lado, hacer notar que Chile requiere de manera urgente una política pública migratoria que no solo se haga cargo de normar el ingreso y salida de las personas extranjeras del país, si no también, poner en conocimiento a los mismos de los derechos a los que pueden optar durante su permanencia. Sin perjuicio de ello, se propone su implementación y regulación, como también su aplicación ya sea de forma directa o a través de las herramientas y principios básicos reconocidos en nuestro ordenamiento nacional
Anti-apoptotic and Anti-oxidative Effects of Aqueous Extract prepared from Steamed Daylily Flower in Normal Cardiac and Hepatic Cells against Ethanol.
Authors: Yan Sheng-Lei , Mong Mei-Chin , Liu Wen-Hu , Yin Mei-Chin
Published: July 2022

Background:

Alcohol abuse resulted in high prevalence of alcoholic cardiac and hepatic disorders. Any agent(s) with the bio-activities to suppress mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and attenuate apoptotic and oxidative stresses might be able to protect cardiac and hepatic cells against ethanol.

Objective(s):

Phytochemical composition of aqueous extract prepared from steamed daylily flower (DAE) was determined. The protective effects of DAE for H9c2 and L-02 cells against ethanol were evaluated.

Materials and Methods:

The amount of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and total triterpenoids in DAE was analyzed. H9c2 or L-02 cells were first treated with 0.25, 0.5 or 1% DAE, and followed by 150 mM ethanol exposure.

Results:

Results: The amount of total phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins and triterpenoids in DAE was in the range of 1219-2045 mg/100 g dry weight. DAE treatments at 0.5 and 1% increased the viability of H9c2 cells, but at three test concentrations enhanced the survival of L-02 cells. DAE at 0.5 and 1% up-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA expression, down-regulated Bax mRNA expression, decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and lowered caspase-3 activity in both cell lines. Ethanol increased reactive oxygen species level, decreased glutathione content, and glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in both cell lines. DAE at test concentrations reversed these changes in both cell lines. DAE at 0.5 and 1% reduced cytochrome P450 2E1 and NADPH oxidase activities, and lowered p47phox mRNA expression. However, DAE at three test concentrations decreased gp91phox mRNA expression in both cell lines. DAE at 0.5 and 1% up-regulated factor E2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 mRNA expression in both cell lines.

Conclusions:

These results suggested that this aqueous extract might be a potent function food supplement to benefit heart and liver against ethanol induced injury.
Epilepsy, Immunity and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Fortunato Francesco , Giugno Alessia , Sammarra Ilaria , Labate Angelo , Gambardella Antonio
Published: July 2022

Several studies have focused on the emerging role of immunity and inflammation in a wide
range of neurological disorders. Autoimmune diseases involving central nervous system share well defined
clinical features including epileptic seizures and additional neuropsychiatric symptoms, like
cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. The growing evidence about the role of immunity in the pathophysiologic
mechanisms underlying these conditions lead to the concept of autoimmune epilepsy. This
relatively-new term has been introduced to highlight the etiological and prognostic implications of
immunity in epileptogenesis. In this review, we aim to discuss the role of autoimmunity in epileptogenesis
and its clinical, neurophysiological, neuroimaging and therapeutic implications. Moreover, we
wish to address the close relationship between immunity and additional symptoms, particularly cognitive
and psychiatric features, which deeply impact clinical outcomes in these patients. To assess these
aspects, we first analyzed Rasmussen’s encephalitis. Subsequently, we have covered autoimmune encephalitis,
particularly those associated with autoantibodies against surface neuronal antigens, as these
autoantibodies express a direct immune-mediated mechanism, different from those against intracellular
antigens. Then, we discussed the connection between systemic immune disorders and neurological
manifestations. This review aims to highlight the need to expand knowledge about the role of inflammation
and autoimmunity in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders and the importance to early
recognize these clinical entities. Indeed, early identification may result in faster recovery and a better
prognosis.
Epilepsy in Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: Neri Sabrina , Gasparini Sara , Pascarella Angelo , Santangelo Domenico , Cianci Vittoria , Mammì Anna , Lo Giudice Michele , Ferlazzo Edoardo , Aguglia Umberto
Published: July 2022

Background:

Epilepsy is a common comorbidity of cerebrovascular disease and an increasing
socioeconomic burden.

Objective:

Objective: We aimed to provide an updated comprehensive review on the state of the art about seizures
and epilepsy in stroke, cerebral haemorrhage, and leukoaraiosis.

Methods:

We selected English-written articles on epilepsy, stroke, and small vessel disease up until
December 2021. We reported the most recent data about epidemiology, pathophysiology, prognosis,
and management for each disease.

Results:

The main predictors for both ES and PSE are the severity and extent of stroke, the presence
of cortical involvement and hemorrhagic transformation, while PSE is also predicted by younger
age at stroke onset. Few data exist on physiopathology and seizure semiology, and no randomized
controlled trial has been performed to standardize the therapeutic approach to post-stroke epilepsy.

Conclusion:

Some aspects of ES and PSE have been well explored, particularly epidemiology and
risk factors. On the contrary, few data exist on physiopathology, and existing evidence is mainly
based on studies on animal models. Little is also known about seizure semiology, which may also be
difficult to interpret by non-epileptologists. Moreover, the therapeutic approach needs standardization
as regards indications and the choice of specific ASMs. Future research may help to better elucidate
these aspects.
Nanocarrier-Based Drug Delivery to Brain: Interventions of Surface Modification
Authors: Sharma Surbhi , Dang Shweta
Published: July 2022

Brain disorders are a prevalent and rapidly growing problem in the medical field as they
adversely affect the quality of life of a human. With an increase in life expectancy, it has been reported
that diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, stroke and brain tumors, along with neuropsychological
disorders, are also being reported at an alarmingly high rate. Despite various therapeutic methods for
treating brain disorders, drug delivery to the brain has been challenging because of a very complex
Blood Brain Barrier, which precludes most drugs from entering the brain in effective concentrations.
Nano-carrier-based drug delivery systems have been reported widely by researchers to overcome this
barrier layer. These systems due to their small size, offer numerous advantages; however, their short
residence time in the body owing to opsonization hinders their success in vivo. This review article focuses
on the various aspects of modifying the surfaces of these nano-carriers with polymers, surfactants,
protein, antibodies, cell-penetrating peptides, integrin binding peptides and glycoproteins such
as transferrin & lactoferrin leading to enhanced residence time, desirable characteristics such as the
ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), increased bioavailability in regions of the brain and targeted
drug delivery.
The Synthesis of Australine and its Stereoisomers as Naturally Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
Authors: Ziarani Ghodsi Mohammadi , Jamasbi Negar , Mohajer Fatemeh
Published: July 2022

Natural products are important from researchers’ perspectives due to their importance and applicability. Polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine alkaloids are sugar mimics and received a growing interest in the last few years. Australine is a naturally polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine, which was isolated from the seeds of Castanospermum austral, and exhibits potent biological activities such as inhibited glycosidases, as well as anti-virus, and anti-HIV activities. Thus, there is a considerable deal of interest in the synthesis of these classes of compounds. Different synthetic strategies and methodologies for the preparation of Australine and its stereoisomers were considered.
Expert Opinion for the Management of Severe Asthma in Adults in the
Gulf Region
Authors: Alzaabi Ashraf , Najib Marwan , Samaha Hala , Jaiganesh Thiagarajan , Kassem Abeer , Abbas Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Asthma is a noncommunicable, chronic respiratory disease affecting 339 million individ-uals globally. The SNAPSHOT study suggests a prevalence rate of 6.4% in the Middle East region and 7.6% in the Gulf region alone, causing a significant healthcare burden. The management of se-vere asthma poses a significant challenge, thus accounting for suboptimal disease control. Diagnosis of severe asthma is quite difficult, considering the multiple factors playing a pivotal role in disease progression and management. Primary care physicians (PCPs) are predominantly involved in deci-sion-making in asthma diagnosis and control. Therefore, educating the PCPs regarding diagnostic strategies and guiding them for a timely referral to specialists can reduce fatal episodes and disease exacerbations. In this way, PCPs may ensure effective treatment and achieve optimal disease con-trol. To develop an algorithm and decision tree that may aid PCPs in the timely referral of severe asthma patients to specialists, an expert committee meeting was convened in December 2020 with leading experts from the United Arab Emirates. A three-step algorithm “CAR” was established to guide PCPs: “confirm” and check diagnosis, “assess” factors contributing to exacerbations and poor quality of life, and “refer” to a specialist. The “Severe Asthma Referral approach” conceptualized herein for the PCPs may help overcome the pragmatic challenges of early diagnosis, establish sim-ple referral criteria for specialists, and attain severe asthma treatment goals.
Bis-iodine-labeled Curcumin as a Potential CT Imaging Agent for
β-amyloid Plaques in the Brain
Authors: Dai Yaqian , Peng Liduo , Tian Xiaoyan , Wu Xingwang , Xu Yuanhong , Jiang Taoshan , Qiao Jinping
Published: July 2022

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia, affecting many old people.

Objectives:

By designing and synthesizing intracerebral imaging probes, we try to provide a new solution for early diagnosis of AD.

Methods:

We designed and synthesized bis-iodine-labeled curcumin, and verified its performance through in vivo and in vitro experiments.

Results:

In this study, bis-iodine-labeled curcumin (7, BICUR) was synthesized. In the in vitro mass spectrum binding assay, Kd values of BICUR with Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 aggregates were 46.29 nM and 64.29 nM, respectively. Aβ plaques in AD brain adjacent sections were positively stained by BICUR, which was similar to some other curcumin derivatives. The LogP value of BICUR was 1.45. In the biodistribution experiment, BICUR showed the highest initial brain uptake (5.87% compared with the blood concentration) two minutes after the tail vein injection and rapid clearance from the mouse brain. In the acute toxicity experiment, BICUR showed low toxicity, and the LD50 was > 100 mg/kg. Moreover, BICUR showed a high stability in vitro (86.68% unchanged BICUR after incubation for 120 min in mouse brain homogenate). Besides, BICUR produced an enhanced CT imaging effect that could be sensitively detected in vitro, but it also showed an obvious differentiation from surrounding tissues after intracerebral injection.

Conclusion:

All results suggested that BICUR could probably act as a targeted CT imaging agent for Aβ plaques in the brain.
Myasthenia Gravis and Vitamin D Serum Levels: A Systematic Review
and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bonaccorso Giovanni
Published: July 2022

Background:

Vitamin D has been extensively studied for its role in immune modulation,
especially in the process of tolerance induction. The loss of tolerance towards self-antigens is the basis
of several autoimmune disorders; this seems to be related to lower levels of Vitamin D. A neurological
autoimmune disorder due to the loss of tolerance to compounds at the neuromuscular junction is
known as Myasthenia Gravis (MG).

Objective:

To assess the possible correlation between altered Vitamin D levels and MG.

Methods:

In this systematic review, all recruited studies compared Vitamin D levels in MG patients
and healthy controls. Five studies fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in the quantitative
synthesis. The meta-analysis involved data of a total population size of 450 individuals, equally divided
into 219 cases and 231 controls.

Results:

The results showed a statistically significant mean difference between cases and controls. The
overall mean Vitamin D levels in MG patients were 4.69 ng/ml lower than control levels (95% CI
-6.17; -3.22); by applying a random-effects model, this mean difference was estimated at -3.79 (95%
CI -7.24; -0.33), after exclusion of data source of heterogeneity and through applying a fixed-effect
model, resulted in a mean difference -5.39 (95% CI -6.91; -3.88). The p-value was lower than 0.05.

Conclusion:

There are statistically significant lower levels of Vitamin D in MG patients, so routine
checking and possible correction should be advised in MG patients based on the current data.
Computer Network Technology for the Construction of Engineering Safety
Supervision and Management Systems
Authors: Jagota Vishal , Xu Weixing , Smail Boussaadi , Chopra Pooja , Kaur Arshpreet
Published: July 2022

Background:

Nowadays, the function of information construction in construction project quality supervision and management is increasingly prominent, and it has become a task that cannot be ignored by administrative departments.

Objective:

To supervise and manage engineering safety data effectively and display the system construction more intuitively, a method based on computer network technology is proposed.

Methods:

K-means clustering, random forest, neural network, and other artificial intelligence algorithms were used for data modelling, and classification model evaluation, regression model evaluation, and other evaluation tools were used to evaluate the quality of the built model, and the power engineering monitoring system was established. The functions of engineering safety supervision and management, data storage and query, deformation graphical display, data analysis and forecast, results report output, and so on are realized.

Results:

The results showed that the mean square error of K-means was 7.74, the mean square error of random forest was 27.5, and the error of neural network was 4.4.

Conclusion:

Neural network has the smallest error and the closest data. The establishment of the system provides a new research platform for power engineering safety supervision and management.
International experience in conflict resolution
Authors: Rzhevska Nina F. , Borotkanych Nataliia P.
Published: July 2022

This article aims to characterize international political conflicts that have lasted for millennia on a civilizational, social, or geopolitical basis, which are insufficiently studied and analyzed despite their duration. This study aims to find an effective way to resolve a conflict of interests using the example of the US-China conflict. The authors determine that researchers of this issue must engage both the methodological and their political position, presenting a personal view. This study states the importance of understanding how best to avoid and, at some stage, try to prevent the spread of conflict.
States’ main directions and forms of international cooperation in the fight against transnational economic crimes
Authors: Zavydniak Volodymyr I. , Zavydniak Iryna O. , Omelchuk Liubov V. , Polunina Lilia V. , Suprun-Kovalchuk Tetiana M.
Published: July 2022

The current state of economic crime is characterized by stable growth, the structural diversity of new types of encroachments, a high latency level, and increased damage, making the topic under consideration relevant. This article studies the interaction of different states’ legal systems in regulating international cooperation against transnational economic crimes and outlines the range of public relations arising from such activities under international public law. It employs a set of general scientific and special methods in the modern science of international public law to achieve the scientific objectivity of the results. Finally, it outlines the main trends in combating transnational economic crime at the international level.
Некоторые особенности решения уравнений гидродинамики для уединенных волн в открытом водном канале
Authors: Волобуев А.Н.
Published: July 2022

The opportunity of use of an impulse equation special form for the solving of a problem of solitary waves (solitons) occurrence in the open water channel is considered. It is shown that the used of an impulse equation allows take into account a role of surface tension and gravitational forces in formation of waves. Using of the continuity equation expansion into series on Rayleigh’s method the system of the differential equations is received, one of which is nonlinear. Application of Dalembert’s method for running waves for the solving of the nonlinear differential equation in a hydrodynamic problem of solitary waves spreading in the open water channel is considered. It is shown that as against Dalembert’s theory for the linear hyperbolic equations where initial conditions completely determine the form of arising waves, for the nonlinear equations the form of waves is determined by character of the equation nonlinearity. Thus during the solution of equations the sum of the functions describing linear waves extending in opposite directions, in the Dalembert’s method for nonlinear waves is replaced with the sum of the nonlinear differential equations.
Численная модель тепломассообмена и сепарации дисперсной фазы в высокоскоростных дисперсно-кольцевых потоках газа и жидкости
Authors: Лаптев А.Г. , Лаптева Е.А.
Published: July 2022

To solve scientific and technical problems, physical processes are considered and systems of equations are written numerical and approximate mathematical model of combined heat and mass transfer at contact cooling of gases and heating of water, as well as turbulent transfer of particles in an ascending dispersed annular flow of gas and liquid. The numerical model is based on a system of equations in particular derivatives in two-dimensional form with boundary conditions of the fourth kind. Approximate model built using a system of algebraic equations of the cell model of the flow structure for gas and
liquid phases, where the main parameters are the number of cells of complete mixing, coefficients
heat and mass transfer and turbulent transfer of particles. An example of solving a system of equations is shown cell model with calculation of gas and liquid temperature profiles, moisture and particle concentrations, and also the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer process, the efficiency of separation of the finely dispersed phase from the gas liquid film in cocurrent flow. Comparative characteristics of film devices are given. Noted introduction of scientific and technical developments in the purification of natural gas at production sites.
Динамика пространственной структуры импульсного разряда в азоте и аргоне при различных давлениях в промежутке "острие-плоскость"
Authors: Тренькин А.А. , Алмазова К.И. , Белоногов А.Н. , Боровков В.В. , Долотов А.С. , Морозов И.В.
Published: July 2022

Using high-speed shooting and shadow photography, the spatial structure of a pulsed discharge in a 1.5-mm long “pin(cathode)–plane” gap in nitrogen and argon in the pressure range from 0.25 to 2 atm was studied. It has been found that a spark discharge is realized in nitrogen and a diffuse form of discharge is realized in argon. For both cases, the presence of a microstructure of discharges in the studied pressure range was found, when the discharge is an aggregation of a large number of micron-diameter channels. It is shown that for each gas the dynamics of the discharge glow structure remains similar at different pressures. It has been established that the glow and microstructure of the discharge in nitrogen are similar to those in air.
Влияние модифицирующих элементов на структуру и механические свойства литейных Al-Si-сплавов
Authors: Осипов В.Н.
Published: July 2022

The state of scientific research on the modification of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy with strontium, sodium, phosphorus, which are widely employed in industrial alloys, and the modification of Al-Si alloy with intensively studied rare-earth elements (cerium, europium, samarium and others) was analyzed. Scientific articles related to the study of the effect of modifiers on the mechanical properties, mainly on the strength and ductility of hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic alloys was considered. On the basis of a literary data analysis, ways of improving the mechanical properties have been proposed by jointly modifying several elements, the possibility of forming the solely eutectic structure in the hypereutectic composition alloy 0.01 wt% strontium (Sr) modified and directionally crystallized at a rate that provides paired growth of the eutectic components is noted. This composition of Al-Si alloy has superfine-grained eutectic structure, its strength and ductility exceed the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys obtained by other techniques.
Формирование пленки композитов (Co-=SUB=-40-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-40-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(LiNbO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-100-x-=/SUB=- на металлической подложке
Authors: Ситников А.В. , Бабкина И.В. , Калинин Ю.Е. , Никонов А.Е. , Копытин М.Н. , Шакуров А.Р. , Ремизова О.И. , Янченко Л.И.
Published: July 2022

The topological features of the formation of (Co40Fe40B20)15(LiNbO3)85 composite films deposited by ion-beam method on a metal electrode Cr/Cu/Cr has been investigated. The presence of a dielectric layer between the upper Cr layer and the CoFe–LiNbO3 film with a thickness of dox ~ 15 nm has been established. The difference in the size of granules near the amorphous layer and in the volume of the film has been shown. A model of the formation of (Co40Fe40B20)x(LiNbO3)100–x nanocomposite film at the initial stage of growth has been proposed. It has been shown that the formation of α–LiNbO3 layer on the chrome metal film surface is possible with the realization of island and layer-by-layer growth mechanisms for various phases of the composite.
Особенности вакуумного резонансного туннелирования на одноямном и двухъямном барьерных потенциалах
Authors: Давидович М.В.
Published: July 2022

The features of one-dimensional vacuum tunneling and calculation of the tunneling current in barrier quantum structures with one and two wells are considered. The structures are formed by several electrodes: the cathode, the anode and two grids. The potential profiles are constructed by the method of multiple images. Equations for eigenvalues and metastable levels of a structure with an arbitrary potential profile are found. For full resonant tunneling, the metastable levels must fall into the region of the electron kinetic energy distribution at the cathode, which occurs in single-well structures in the absence of an anode voltage or at a low anode voltage compared to the voltage on the grids. A significant voltage at the anode leads to an asymmetric structure and incomplete resonant tunneling. In this case, a two-well structure with a double grid allows obtaining full resonant tunneling for a number of energies and increasing the tunneling current by orders of magnitude.
Коллективные процессы в термической ионизации на поверхности интерметаллида NaAu-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Кнатько М.В. , Лапушкин М.Н.
Published: July 2022

A mechanism is proposed for the decomposition of molecular clusters of diethylamine (C2H5)2NН on the surface of the NaAux intermetallic compound with the formation of decomposition products desorbed from the surface, including in the form of ions with m/z from 58 to 197, during heating of the intermetallic compound at a rate of 20 K/s. Exposure of the NaAux surface at a temperature of 320 K in diethylamine vapor leads to the formation of molecular clusters on it. Rapid heating of NaAux at a rate of 20 K/s leads to the decomposition of clusters, desorption, and ionization of the decay products due to the redistribution of internal energy over the degrees of freedom of the cluster. The study of thermal ionization processes during heating of NaAux at a rate of 20 K/s in the temperature range from 600 to 1000 K made it possible to establish that the surface stoichiometry during heating is quasi-stationary, dehydrogenation and ionization of individual diethylamine molecules occur under equilibrium conditions, while for compounds formed in the process of cluster decay, the conditions are not equilibrium
El uso de productos financieros en la demanda de seguros en México
Authors: Ibarra López Ignacio , Tapia Cortés Juan Antonio
Published: July 2022

En el siguiente trabajo se utilizan datos de la ENIGH (2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 ) para conocer cuáles son los principales factores que inciden en la tenencia de un seguro. Se busca probar si existe al menos un seguro en un hogar de México, en función de aspectos conductuales tales como interacción social, las experiencias personales (e.g. haber enfrentado un accidente), así como del uso de productos y servicios financieros. En relación a la originalidad, se aborda la tenencia de seguros mediante un enfoque mixto, que combina planteamientos de tradicionales y de la economía del comportamiento. Adicionalmente, se promueve el uso de microdatos para enteder la decisiones de aseguramiento a nivel hogar. La principal conclusión es que la inclusión financiera puede llevar al desarrollo de heurísticas en las personas que facilitan la tenencia de seguros en México.
¿Realmente fue positivo el saldo de la privatización de la Reforma Energética en México?
Authors: Varela Costarrica Aldo Iván , Carbajal De Nova Carolina
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: El propósito de este documento es evaluar si fue positivo el saldo de la privatización de la Reforma Energética (RE) en México sobre sus objetivos de aumento de la producción petrolera y baja del precio de la gasolina. Metodología: Se implementa la prueba econométrica de cambio estructural de Chow (1960) en los periodos a analizar son dos sexenios: el primero previo a la RE, bajo la administración del Presidente Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, y el segundo cuando se implementa la RE del Presidente Enrique Peña Nieto. Datos: Se utilizan datos mensuales del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) para el periodo 2006-2016. Resultados: Los resultados empíricos sugieren la inexistencia de un cambio estructural entre los dos sexenios analizados. Aparentemente la RE no logro los objetivos aquí analizados. Originalidad: No se han encontrado estudios previos con análisis econométrico, para evaluar el cambio estructural que supone la RE en México. Por lo anterior, el análisis que se propone en este documento es novedoso. Limitaciones: Esta investigación se limita al estudio de los objetivos de la RE concernientes al aumento de la producción petrolera y baja del precio de la gasolina. Otros objetivos de la RE quedan fuera del alcance de este documento. Análisis posteriores se podrían beneficiar de la introducción de otros objetivos.
Emotion-Based Reinforcement Attention Network for Depression Detection on Social Media: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Cui Bin , Wang Jian , Lin Hongfei , Zhang Yijia , Yang Liang , Xu Bo
Published: July 2022

Background

Depression detection has recently received attention in the field of natural language processing. The task aims to detect users with depression based on their historical posts on social media. However, existing studies in this area use the entire historical posts of the users and select depression indicator posts. Moreover, these methods fail to effectively extract deep emotional semantic features or simply concatenate emotional representation. To solve this problem, we propose a model to extract deep emotional semantic features and select depression indicator posts based on the emotional states.

Objective

This study aims to develop an emotion-based reinforcement attention network for depression detection of users on social media.

Methods

The proposed model is composed of 2 components: the emotion extraction network, which is used to capture deep emotional semantic information, and the reinforcement learning (RL) attention network, which is used to select depression indicator posts based on the emotional states. Finally, we concatenated the output of these 2 parts and send them to the classification layer for depression detection.

Results

Experimental results of our model on the multimodal depression data set outperform the state-of-the-art baselines. Specifically, the proposed model achieved accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score of 90.6%, 91.2%, 89.7%, and 90.4%, respectively.

Conclusions

The proposed model utilizes historical posts of users to effectively identify users’ depression tendencies. The experimental results show that the emotion extraction network and the RL selection layer based on emotional states can effectively improve the accuracy of detection. In addition, sentence-level attention layer can capture core posts.
The Laws of Search, Seizure, and Custodial Interrogation: Searching the Orchard of American Constitution
Authors: Alim Md Abdul
Published: July 2022

The United States Criminal Justice System and court structure are two separate court systems, one at the federal level and another at the state level. In criminal proceedings, many courtrooms principally convict either by trial or by guilty plea, and many result in dismissing cases. It is necessary to examine the scope of the crime problems that criminal courts face and the organizational context as well as the policies in which they operate. The Fourth Amendment rights in particular, limits to searches and seizures are important procedures in the ongoing prosecution of crimes in America. The right of the people to remain secure in persons and properties against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated. The police have the power to search and seize, but individuals are protected against unreasonable police intrusion. The Fifth Amendment Miranda rights protect any person from custodial interrogation by the police. It is required that all arrestees be given their Miranda warnings and if they are invoked they must be scrupulously honoured.
The Portuguese Police System: Conflicts and Tension
Authors: Miranda José da Cruz Bispo de
Published: July 2022

The article aims to discuss conflicts and tensions in the Portuguese police system, from its historical process, from Monarchy to the Republic, from the New State to the present day. A structure and understandings they have about the police system are reflected in the Portuguese bibliography and in the perceptions of police officers who live with these pensions in their activities. In this investigation, information was collected from the GNR through ethnography and the application of questionnaires to guards, cables and officers. The questionnaire was prepared in view of the questions and objectives of this article and was applied to the Detachment of Sintra in its sub-stations: Sintra, Alcabideche and Colares. The structure of the Portuguese police system has institutional advances in the European context and they are a substantial part of the success in controlling crime and the system's flexibility to adapt to the context of political, cultural and technological changes. On the other hand, the corporate and individual ethos conditioned by the identity tension of each police force and the pressure from the political field keeps disputes between the monitored organizations.
The Attachment to Woman’s Virtue in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Desertion (2005)
Authors: Sene Abdou
Published: July 2022

By the mid-nineteenth century up to 1910, stories of a love affair between a European colonial and a native woman were missing in European settler writing. The point is that these stories were not allowed any more. The reasons for which they were no longer allowed and the way the European imperialists and the colonized people viewed these interracial romances were among the things which motivated Abdulrazak Gurnah to write Desertion (2005). In this novel, he explores the love relationship between a British colonial, Martin Pearce, and a Zanzibari woman, Rehana Zakariya, and how this affair was determinant in the failure of Amin and Jamila’s romance. One may wonder whether Rehana’s bad reputation is simply due to the fact that she was in love with a European man. One may also wonder whether Jamila’s tarnished name is only caused by the fact that she is Rehana’s granddaughter. From a cultural and postcolonial perspective, the paper will deal with Woman’s Virtue in Gurnah’s Desertion. Based on postcolonialism, racism and culture as theories, the study will analyze, on the one hand, the way the two main female protagonists in Desertion are viewed in their community and, on the other hand, the sad end of the love relationship between Amin and Jamila.