bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Authentic Trump
Authors: Dubrofsky Rachel E.
Published: June 2016

Donald Trump, known as a mogul and reality TV celebrity, is presented as horrific in the press now that he wants to be President of the United States, a position requiring controlled and civil behavior, which he cannot master. Comparisons between his candidacy for president and a reality TV show abound, forcing us to contend with the conventions, privileged behaviors and ethics of the current culture of surveillance (which includes reality TV), arising in contexts of surveillance but now exceeding these. The crossover from reality TV celebrity to presidential candidate is troubled, highlighting the uncomfortable intersection of Trump’s whiteness and wealth with his crass behavior. The reality TV genre is seen as trashy, featuring people without class in behavior and often in social and financial status. The presidency, however, is for the elite white upper-middle or upper-class (usually male)—Obama negotiates the politics of respectability to fit this ideal. Popular articulations of Trump demonstrate the uneasy alignment of elite whiteness with white behavior marked as working class or poor, displaying panic about a president unable to exhibit appropriately classed behavior. This dangerously elides the larger machinery that is the government and big business, belying our cultural preoccupation with individualism and obfuscating the systemic. Taking Trump for the system negates how the current machinery has in fact produced a string of Trumps (Palin, Bachmann, Cruz), leaving us longing for the more civil days when white elite men knew how to speak their hatred in a civil manner.
The Interactive Play and a Persuasive God: A Psychoanalytic Approach to Re-envisioning Pastoral Care and Counseling
Authors: Jang Jung Eun
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this article is to present a sketch of a new image of pastoral care and counseling, which reflects the psychoanalytic understanding of the interacting transference and countertransference matrix, along with a process view of God in a mutually influencing relationship with creatures. A more effective approach in pastoral care and counseling can be conceptualized as the interactive play in which pastoral caregivers and receivers co-create a therapeutic relationship with their own past experiences and their creative capabilities. The interactive play is a concept of describing the mutually influencing relationship in the transference and countertransference interchange. The article introduces the concept of a persuasive God as a new image of pastoral care and counseling which includes aspects of the mutually interacting process in play.
Students’ General Knowledge of the Learning Process: A Mixed Methods Study Illustrating Integrated Data Collection and Data Consolidation
Authors: van Velzen Joke H.
Published: June 2016

There were two purposes for this mixed methods study: to investigate (a) the realistic meaning of awareness and understanding as the underlying constructs of general knowledge of the learning process and (b) a procedure for data consolidation. The participants were 11th-grade high school and first-year university students. Integrated data collection and data transformation provided for positive but small correlations between awareness and understanding. A comparison of the created combined and integrated new data sets showed that the integrated data set provided for an expected statistically significant outcome, which was in line with the participants’ developmental difference. This study can contribute to the mixed methods research because it proposes a procedure for data consolidation and a new research design.
Analysis of torsional vibration in an electromechanical transmission system
Authors: Chen Kai , Hu Jibin , Peng Zengxiong
Published: June 2016

Aiming at the torsional vibration in the electromechanical transmission system, this article introduces the active vibration method and analyzes the vibration characteristics on the condition of the external excitation, and then, the condition of the permanent magnetic synchronous motor parameter is obtained. In the braking energy recovery working condition, the permanent magnetic synchronous motor is operated in generator mode and is subjected to power control, this cause it to produce negative effect of damping. Negative effect of damping leads to the increasing torsional vibration. Then, the improved power control strategy is introduced to reduce the vibration. Computer simulations are used to demonstrate the active vibration method and the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy, which provides reference for the design of electromechanical systems in the hybrid electrical vehicles.
Vibration characteristics analysis and experimental study of new drilling oscillator
Authors: Tian Jialin , Hu Shuhui , Li You , Yang Zhi , Yang Lin , Cai Xudong , Zhu Yonghao , Fu Chuanhong
Published: June 2016

In new drilling conditions such as extended reach drilling or long horizontal well, to avoid large friction between drill string and wellbore or weigh on bit decreasing, a new drilling vibration tool (called antifriction oscillator) is presented in this article. For discussing its working mechanism and performance, first, the kinematics models are established based on the structure design parameter, and then the horizontal vibration models are presented according to drilling conditions. With the numerical example results, it can be concluded that the frequency of the flow area between the static and dynamic valve plates is proportional to the flow rate. Moreover, with the increasing size of static valve plate, the flow area is increasing while the total axial force is decreasing. Furthermore, according to the experiment test results with static valve plate hole diameter 35.56 mm, the vibration results are discussed by comparing with numerical example results, and it can verify the analysis models’ rationality and the calculation formulas’ correctness. The research results provide basis for theoretical research and field applications of drilling oscillator. Furthermore, by changing corresponding parameters, the research methods and models can also provide reference for the design of new methods or tools of drilling friction reduction or rate of penetration increasing technologies.
Attachment in medical care: A review of the interpersonal model in chronic disease management
Authors: Jimenez Xavier F
Published: June 2016

Objective

Patient–physician interaction is continually examined in an era prioritizing patient-centered approaches, yet elaboration beyond aspects of communication and empathy is lacking. Major chronic conditions would benefit tremendously from understanding interpersonal aspects of patient–physician encounters. This review intends to provide a concise introduction to the interpersonal model of attachment theory and how it informs both the patient–physician interaction and medical outcomes in chronic care.

Methods

A narrative review of the theoretical, neurobiological, epidemiological, investigational, and clinical literature on attachment theory and its impact on medical outcomes was conducted, utilizing a variety of key words as searched on PubMed database. Studies and reviews included were of a variety of sources, including textbooks and peer-reviewed journals. Reports in languages other than English were excluded.

Results

Measurable, discrete attachment styles and behavioral patterns correlate with poor medical outcomes, including nonadherence in insecure dismissing attachment and care overutilization in insecure preoccupied attachment. Furthermore, insecure dismissing attachment is associated with significant mortality. These variables can be easily assessed, and their effects are reversible, as evidenced by collaborative care outcome data.

Discussion

Attachment theory is useful a model with application in clinical and investigational aspects of chronic illness care. Implications and guidelines are explored.
Ensemble leadership theory: Collectivist, relational, and heterarchical roots from indigenous contexts
Authors: Rosile Grace Ann , M Boje David , Claw Carma M
Published: June 2016

We offer an “ensemble” theory of leadership that emerges from contemporary indigenous scholarship and also from the archeology of the prehispanic southwest. We see ensemble leadership theory as starting from a different origin: the indigenous world-view. It provides an emphasis in the leadership context, which is largely missing in traditional leadership literature. First, the ensemble leadership theory casts leadership as a collective phenomenon, and privileges the collective rather than the individual. This moves away from the “hero” leadership views and instead, connects with the recent “relationality” and “shared” views of leadership, breaking new ground in collective leadership. Second, the ensemble leadership theory is dynamic rather than static, as revealed using storytelling and “antenarrative” analysis. Third, the ensemble leadership theory assumes a social structure, which is decentered as well as multi-centered and nonhuman-centric. Fourth, the combination of dynamism and multi-centeredness yields a structure which storytelling scholars call “rhizomatic” and archeologists term “heterarchical.” These ensemble leadership theory qualities of collectivist, relational, dynamic, and heterarchic are all drawn from indigenous cultures. In particular, archeologists have found heterarchical leadership structures in the prehispanic southwest portions of North America. In sum, ensemble leadership theory offers a time-tested model of a more relational and collectivist view of leadership.
Mature Enough to Disobey: Jurors, Women, and Radical Enfranchisement in Tocqueville’s Democracy in America
Authors: Chakravarti Sonali
Published: June 2016

While many have pointed to Tocqueville’s admiration of the jury system as a schoolhouse for civic participation, I argue that Tocqueville sets up, but forgoes, the opportunity to make jurors empowered enough to counter the ills of democracy that he enumerates, specifically the tyranny of the majority and soft despotism. The education of American women, Tocqueville remarks, prepares them to be independent, confident and astute observers of social conditions, but these characteristics are eclipsed by their domestic responsibilities as wives and mothers. Juxtaposing two sections of Democracy in America that are normally thought of separately (juries and women), I show that Tocqueville falters in his perception of the radical enfranchisement of jurors and women because of his fears about the instability of democracy (with its delusions of equality) just as he provides some of the best arguments for the importance of their political interventions.
Noninvasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy using cell-free DNA – New implications for maternal health
Authors: Hui Lisa
Published: June 2016

The rapid global uptake of noninvasive prenatal testing for Down syndrome based on maternal plasma cell-free DNA has provided new data on the interrelationship between cell-free DNA and maternal health. Specific maternal conditions that can affect the performance of noninvasive prenatal testing include obesity, active autoimmune disease and low molecular weight heparin treatment. There is also a growing appreciation of the implications of discordant noninvasive prenatal testing results for maternal health, including unexpected diagnoses of maternal chromosomal conditions, or rarely, occult cancer. The interrelatedness of noninvasive prenatal testing and maternal health mean that the longstanding principles underpinning prenatal screening – voluntary testing, informed decision making, availability of specialist genetic counselling and well-defined clinical pathways – are more important than ever before.
Exergetic efficiency analysis of hydrogen–air detonation in pulse detonation combustor using computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Debnath Pinku , Pandey KM
Published: June 2016

Exergy losses during the combustion process, heat transfer, and fuel utilization play a vital role in the analysis of the exergetic efficiency of combustion process. Detonation is thermodynamically more efficient than deflagration mode of combustion. Detonation combustion technology inside the pulse detonation engine using hydrogen as a fuel is energetic propulsion system for next generation. In this study, the main objective of this work is to quantify the exergetic efficiency of hydrogen–air combustion for deflagration and detonation combustion process. Further detonation parameters are calculated using 0.25, 0.35, and 0.55 of [Formula: see text] mass concentrations in the combustion process. The simulations have been performed for converging the solution using commercial computational fluid dynamics package Ansys Fluent solver. The details of combustion physics in chemical reacting flows of hydrogen–air mixture in two control volumes were simulated using species transport model with eddy dissipation turbulence chemistry interaction. From these simulations it was observed that exergy loss in the deflagration combustion process is higher in comparison to the detonation combustion process. The major observation was that pilot fuel economy for the two combustion processes and augmentation of exergetic efficiencies are better in the detonation combustion process. The maximum exergetic efficiency of 55.12%, 53.19%, and 23.43% from deflagration combustion process and from detonation combustion process, 67.55%, 57.49%, and 24.89%, are obtained from aforesaid [Formula: see text] mass fraction. It was also found that for lesser fuel mass fraction higher exergetic efficiency was observed.
Withholding treatment and intellectual disability: Second survey on end-of-life decisions in Switzerland
Authors: Wicki Monika T
Published: June 2016

Background:

As people live longer, they are more likely to die over a prolonged period from incurable, chronic illnesses that occur more frequently in old age. Therefore, people will experience an increase in end-of-life discussions and decisions.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and nature of end-of-life decisions for people with disabilities in Swiss residential homes.

Design:

A cross-sectional survey in the three biggest German-speaking regions in Switzerland (N = 209) was conducted.

Setting:

All of the residential homes for adults with disabilities (N = 209) were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. The response quote was 76.7%. Directors provided information on 82 deaths. Chi-square and t-tests were used to study differences in prevalence and nature of end-of-life decisions between people with intellectual disability (ID) and people with other disabilities.

Results:

An end-of-life decision was taken in 53.7% of the cases (n = 44). For people with ID, the decision to withhold treatment had been taken more often (28.9%, 13 cases) than for people with other disabilities (8.1%, 3 cases) (χ2 (1, N = 82) = 5.58, p = 0.017).

Conclusion:

The study provides insight in end-of-life decision-making for people with disabilities in Switzerland. The results have implications on surrogate decision-making for people with ID living in residential homes. As the study partly confirms the results of previous studies, further studies will be necessary.
Leveraging Technology to Bridge the Gap between Independent Artists and Reaching the Right Consumer
Authors: Price Arthur
Published: June 2016

The South African independent artists have struggled to reach the right consumer and optimally utilise digital distribution through social media. This is in large due to the segmented nature of the South African consumer. A case study analysis of Rymklets Republiek was performed. They are a niche market digital distributor with a key focus on Afrikaans hip hop and independent artists. The relationship between the digital distributor, independent artist and website visitors is analysed, because it is believed that a digital distributor with a niche market focus offers greater benefit to the independent artist. This study aims to improve the understanding of the benefits that niche market digital distributors can provide independent artists with from their activities and in turn provide growth for the artists brand and popularity by being associated with it. Segmentation between cultural and the target market’s income bracket will provide the independent artist clear insight into understanding how to reach the right consumer and use this information to create a sustainable revenue source through sale of their music. It is argued that for South African independent artists, the concept of ‘going viral’ is detrimental to their earning potential. It is recommended that through the establishment of enterprise models (brands) designed to attract the right consumer leveraging existing technologies, their earning potential would increase.
Industrial Centres of Competence: A South African Case Study
Authors: Mahomed Nawaz
Published: June 2016

Centres of competence models for innovation capability development have been successfully implemented in various countries such as Finland and Estonia. These models promote targeted investment in well-defined areas of technology within a particular geographic region, aimed at gaining global competitiveness to support industrialisation. Such models have also been applied recently in certain regions within South Africa targeting technological innovation in areas such as biotechnology (2004 - Western Cape) and advanced manufacturing (2005 – Gauteng). These models depend on the existence of an inherent competitive advantage coupled to existing innovation capabilities within pubic research institutions and private sector.

Although centres of competence may be geographically concentrated, they rely on networks that extend nationally or even globally. The Titanium Centre of Competence is a typical example, developed on the basis of exploiting the South African titanium reserves through value addition to access global aerospace and automotive supply chains.

This study focuses on the phenomenon in which large companies that are highly innovative and globally competitive exist within marginalised regions. Such companies have evolved on the basis of access to natural resources and the ability to beneficiate these resources into intermediate products for global markets. The potential for industrialisation through downstream beneficiation is inhibited by the lack of institutionalisation of innovation capability, poor entrepreneurship support, long distances from end-user markets and poor logistics networks, among other factors. Industrial centres of competence offers a real opportunity to transform these marginalised economies into industrialised nodes through specialisation, using mechanisms such as leveraging localisation obligations within infrastructure build programmes.

The study includes the assessment of innovation capabilities of regions, analysis of supportive government development frameworks, and identification of technology platforms to support entrepreneurial activity. Overall, the study provides a systems approach for the identification of industrial centres of competence and the design of their core elements, providing a structured innovation framework for industrialisation.
Zeolitic behaviour of paratoluenesulfonic acid-modified clay in Friedel-Crafts synthesis of raspberry ketone
Authors: Lakshmy M. , Chandrasekhar B.M. , Jai Prakash B.S. , Bhat Y.S.
Published: June 2016

During solventless alkylation of phenol with 4-hydroxy-2-butanone under microwave irradiation, paratoluenesulfonic acid (pTSA)-modified montmorillonite clays gave, regioselectively, 4-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone (raspberry ketone). The duration for this reaction under microwave irradiation is much shorter than that of the conventional method. A comparative study of the alkylation reaction over a montmorillonite clay sample treated with 0.5 M-pTSA (0.5 M-pTSA clay) with that of Al-exchanged montmorillonite (Al3+-Mont) and beta-zeolite (HB) was carried out. The results show that the reaction time to reach equilibrium and the product distribution pattern for the reaction over 0.5 M-pTSA clay were similar to those values for the HB. Micropores formed on the clay surface during the pTSA treatment were found to enhance the rate of formation of C-alkylation. Micropores appear to enable better access to the active sites during the course of reaction.
Sedimentary facies and the rifting process during the late Cretaceous to early Oligocene in the northern continental margin, South China Sea
Authors: Wu Zhe , Zhu Weilin , Shao Lei , Xu Changhai
Published: June 2016

The late Cretaceous to early Oligocene strata in the northern continental margin of the South China Sea (SCS) are significant for understanding the contemporaneous continental rifting of the margin prior to the opening of the central SCS oceanic basin. Using new seismic and drilling data, combined with previous results, we have identified three episodes of rifting from the late Cretaceous to early Oligocene based on analyses of major unconformities, tectonostratigraphic units, and sedimentary facies. The first episode of rifting that occurred only in the Pearl River Mouth (PRM) basin during the late Cretaceous to Paleocene is observed. During the early to middle Eocene, littoral-shallow lacustrine and fan-delta facies were distributed in some faulted half-grabens in the Qiongdongnan (QDN) basin, while deep lacustrine deposits widely developed in the PRM basin. During the late Eocene to early Oligocene, marine transgression propagated from the southeast into the QDN, southern PRM, and Taixinan basins. We have inferred that late Cretaceous to the middle Eocene rifting is characterized by uniform lithospheric stretching related to the retreat of the paleo-Pacific subduction zone, whereas the late Eocene to the early Oligocene rifting controlled by multiple factors is characterized by depth-dependent lithospheric extension. It is the differential rifting process that led to the differentiation in the types and distribution of source rocks in the basins of northern SCS margin.
Adding geologic prior knowledge to Bayesian lithofluid facies estimation from seismic data
Authors: Gonzalez Ezequiel F. , Gesbert Stephane , Hofmann Ronny
Published: June 2016

Using inverted seismic data from a turbidite depositional environment, we have determined that accounting only for rock types sampled at the wells can lead to biased predictions of the reservoir fluids. The seismic data consisted of two volumes resulting from a (multi-incidence angle) sparse-spike amplitude variation with offset inversion. Information from a single well (well logs and petrological analysis) was used to define an initial set of lithofluid facies that characterized rock type and porefill fluid to emulate a typical exploration setting. Based on our geologic understanding of the study area, we have augmented this initial model with lithofluid facies expected in the given depositional environment, yet not sampled by the well. Specifically, the new lithofluid facies accounted for variations in the mixture type and proportions of shales and sands. The elastic property distributions of the new lithofluid facies were modeled using appropriate rock-physics models. Finally, a geologically consistent, spatially variant, prior probability of lithofluid facies occurrence was combined with the data likelihood to yield a Bayesian estimation of the lithofluid facies probability at every sample of the inverted seismic data. Applying the augmented geologic prior probabilities, we were able to generate a scenario consistent with all available data, which supports further development of the field. In contrast, using the initial, purely data-driven lithofluid facies model based on a single well, the Bayesian classification would lead to prospectivity downgrade or suboptimal development of the field. We found that limited well control in quantitative interpretation needs to be counterweighted by geologic prior information based on detailed stratigraphic interpretation, to derisk geologic scenarios without bias.
Modelo de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e seus Determinantes Socioeconômicos e Comportamentais
Authors: Oliveira Leidy Diana de Souza de , Lima Filho Dario de Oliveira
Published: June 2016

Este trabalho foi elaborado com o objetivo de investigar o impacto das variáveis socioeconômicas no comportamento de consumo de alimentos e na segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN) nos territórios do Consórcio de Segurança Alimentar e Desenvolvimento Local (CONSAD) de Mato Grosso do Sul. Especificamente, pretende-se: i) identificar a relação entre as circunstâncias socioeconômicas e o comportamento de consumo de alimentos pertencentes à cesta básica; ii) levantar a relação entre as circunstâncias socioeconômicas e a segurança alimentar e nutricional; iii) levantar as relações existentes entre segurança alimentar e segurança nutricional; iv) identificar os possíveis efeitos do conhecimento nutricional sobre o comportamento de consumo de alimentos pertencentes à cesta básica. Para tanto, foi formulado um modelo teórico em que sete hipóteses foram testadas, com o uso de modelagem de equações estruturais. Os resultados fornecem base para o levantamento dos pontos fracos, fortes, ameaças e oportunidades dos territórios, direcionando as potencialidades e dificuldades no estabelecimento de políticas públicas de combate à insegurança alimentar e nutricional na região estudada.PALAVRAS-CHAVE Desenvolvimento local; políticas públicas; comportamento do consumidor de alimentos; política alimentar; Bolsa Família.ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of socioeconomic variables on food consumption patterns and on food and nutrition security in territories of the Consortium for Food Security and Local Development (CONSAD) in Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil. Specifically, we intend to identify the relationship between socioeconomic circumstances and food consumption behavior; ii) identify the relationship between socioeconomic conditions and food security and nutrition; iii) lifting the relationship between food security and nutrition security; iv) identify the possible effects of nutrition knowledge on the food consumption behavior. To that end, a theoretical model was formulated; the hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The results provide a basis for the lifting of weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities of the territory, directing the potentialities and difficulties in establishing public policies to food and nutrition security.KEYWORDS Local development, public policy, food consumer behavior, food policy, Bolsa Família.
Editorial
Authors: Martes Ana Cristina Braga , Farah Marta Ferreira Santos
Published: June 2016

Editorial
DNA barcoding of Clarias gariepinus, Coptodon zillii and Sarotherodon melanotheron from Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Falade Mofolusho O. , Opene Anthony J. , Benson Otarigho
Published: June 2016

DNA barcoding has been adopted as a gold standard rapid, precise and unifying identification system for animal species and provides a database of genetic sequences that can be used as a tool for universal species identification. In this study, we employed mitochondrial genes 16S rRNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) for the identification of some Nigerian freshwater catfish and Tilapia species. Approximately 655 bp were amplified from the 5′ region of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene whereas 570 bp were amplified for the 16S rRNA gene. Nucleotide divergences among sequences were estimated based on Kimura 2-parameter distances and the genetic relationships were assessed by constructing phylogenetic trees using the neighbour-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Analyses of consensus barcode sequences for each species, and alignment of individual sequences from within a given species revealed highly consistent barcodes (99% similarity on average), which could be compared with deposited sequences in public databases. The nucleotide distance between species belonging to different genera based on COI ranged from 0.17% between Sarotherodon melanotheron and Coptodon zillii to 0.49% between Clarias gariepinus and C. zillii, indicating that S. melanotheron and C. zillii are closely related. Based on the data obtained, the utility of COI gene was confirmed in accurate identification of three fish species from Southwest Nigeria.
PERFORMANCE OF PRESSURE TUBES IN CANDU REACTORS
Authors: Rodgers Douglas , Griffiths Malcolm , Bickel Grant , Buyers Andrew , Coleman Christopher , Nordin Heidi , Lawrence Sterling St
Published: June 2016

The pressure tubes in CANDU reactors typically operate for times up to about 30 years prior to refurbishment. The in-reactor performance of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes has been evaluated by sampling and periodic inspection. This paper describes the behavior and discusses the factors controlling the behaviour of these components.

The Zr–2.5Nb pressure tubes are nominally extruded at 815 °C, cold worked nominally 27%, and stress relieved at 400 °C for 24 hours, resulting in a structure consisting of elongated grains of hexagonal close-packed alpha-Zr, partially surrounded by a thin network of filaments of body-centred-cubic beta-Zr. These beta-Zr filaments are meta-stable and contain about 20% Nb after extrusion. The stress-relief treatment results in partial decomposition of the beta-Zr filaments with the formation of hexagonal close-packed alpha-phase particles that are low in Nb, surrounded by a Nb-enriched beta-Zr matrix. The material properties of pressure tubes are determined by variations in alpha-phase texture, alpha-phase grain structure, network dislocation density, beta-phase decomposition, and impurity concentration that are a function of manufacturing variables. The pressure tubes operate at temperatures between 250 °C and 310 °C with coolant pressures up to about 11 MPa in fast neutron fluxes up to 4 × 1017 n·m−2·s−1 (E > 1 MeV) and the properties are modified by these conditions. The properties of the pressure tubes in an operating reactor are therefore a function of both manufacturing and operating condition variables.

The ultimate tensile strength, fracture toughness, and delayed hydride-cracking properties (velocity (V) and threshold stress intensity factor (KIH)) change with irradiation, but all reach a nearly limiting value at a fluence of less than 1025 n·m−2 (E > 1 MeV). At this point the ultimate tensile strength is raised about 200 MPa, toughness is reduced by about 50%, V increases by about a factor of 6, while KIH is only slightly reduced. The role of microstructure and trace elements in these behaviours is described.

Pressure tubes exhibit elongation, diametral expansion, and sag. The deformation behaviour is a function of operating conditions and the material properties that vary from tube-to-tube and as a function of axial location. Semi-empirical predictive models have been developed to describe the deformation response of average tubes as a function of operating conditions. The effect of material variability on corrosion behaviour is less well defined compared with other properties but there are instances where tube orientation and ingot source can be identified as factors that have an effect on hydrogen pick-up.
Cell and Tissue Display
Authors: Theodosakis Nicholas , Micevic Goran , Bosenberg Marcus W. , Rodić Nemanja
Published: June 2016

We developed a method, termed Cell and Tissue Display (CTD), for embedding 16 or more different tissue samples in multi-compartment agarose blocks. The CTD-generated blocks allow uniform multiplexing of cell lines and small tissue fragments within a single histologic block. The distribution of individual cells within the CTD blocks is improved, likely because the individual agarose compartments are small and uniform. The composition of each CTD block can be customized based on intended use. Some potential uses of CTD histologic blocks include improved sectioning of small tissue fragments, such as needle biopsy specimens or punch biopsies; multiplexing of tissue fragments within a single block; and the generation of control slides for laboratory proficiency testing.
Identification of New PCR Targets and its Validation for Development of Nucleic Acid-based Detection Assay for Melioidosis
Authors: Arora Sonia , Thavaselvam Duraipandian , Prakash Archna , Kumar Ashu , Barua Anita , Sathyaseelan Kannusamy
Published: June 2016

Burkholderia pseudomallei the gram negative, soil saprophyte is the causative agent of melioidosis in human and animals. Development of rapid, sensitive, species specific and cost effective molecular assays are needed for detection of B. pseudomallei from clinical and environmental samples and to differentiate it from other closely related bacterial species. In this study, insilico approach was used to identify new species specific gene targets for molecular diagnosis of B. pseudomallei. The identified targets were then analyzed by SYBR Green real time PCR assay for their specificity, sensitivity and presence across different Indian clinical and soil isolates of B. pseudomallei. Out of the three targets studied SYBR Green real time PCR assay targeting bpss0091 gene of B. pseudomallei was found 100% specific, having detection limit of 12.3fg/µl DNA. The bpss0091 gene target was present in all clinical and soil isolates of B. pseudomallei tested thus suggesting bpss0091 gene based SYBR Green real time PCR assay will be useful for detection of B. pseudomallei in different geographical regions.
Special Issue on Defence Against Biological and Chemical Agents
Authors: Flora S.J.S.
Published: June 2016

WELCOME to the inaugural issue of the Defence Life Science Journal. The Defence Life Science Journal (DLSJ) is an international journal and is published by Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre (DESIDOC) on behalf of Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO). The journal is dedicated to publishing research covering a wide spectrum of applications in the emerging field in the field of defence/military life support system. Broadly it will cover; Molecular biology, biophysics, biochemistry, psychology, physiology, biotechnology, pharmacology and toxicology (animals, plants, microbial and viral cells), and related areas like bio-medicine, bio-engineering, bio-electronics, etc.
CBRN Security, Human Factor, and the New Focus on Security Culture
Authors: Gahlaut Seema
Published: June 2016

Security analysts worldwide are increasingly concerned that terrorist groups, in pursuit of more stupefying shows of strength and resolve, might seek access to CBRN materials. Of these, nuclear (N) materials, as a rule, are far better protected than the others. Yet, much of the concern about materials security revolves around nuclear rather than radiological (R), chemical (C) or biological (B). In part, this benign neglect of dangers from B, R, and N materials stems from the fact that we are surrounded by them in their civilian/industrial forms, and are comfortable and familiar with them in everyday life.
Od Fantazji do Gumballa – estetyka filmu animowanego
Authors: Mąka-Malatyńska Katarzyna
Published: June 2016

Artykuł stanowi próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czym była animacja niegdyś i czym jest dziś. Na podstawie refleksji filmoznawców i twórców autorka formułuje definicję filmu animowanego, wskazując na ograniczenie referencjalności, fikcjonalność i charakter synkretyczny jako główne wyróżniki filmu animowanego. Przywołuje dwa nurty działalności twórców animacji: film artystyczny i film masowy, popularny oraz omawia dwa przykłady ich krzyżowania się: słynną Disneyowską Fantazję oraz wybrane współczesne seriale dla dzieci.
Między wojenną historią a kobiecą perspektywą
Authors: Budzik Jagoda
Published: June 2016

Artykuł jest recenzją książki Kobiety i/a doświadczenie wojny. 1914-1945 i później. Autorka analizuje w niej ogólne aspekty kompozycji książki, jej głównych założeń i celów, skupiając się na problemie możliwych definicji pojęcia „kobiecej perspektywy” i jego znaczenia w kontekście dyskursu wojennego i powojennego.
Chłopcy malowani (piórem Andrzeja Struga i Miroslava Krležy). Etiuda komparatystyczna
Authors: Legeżyńska Anna
Published: June 2016

Głównym tematem artykułu jest zróżnicowanie obrazu pokolenia I wojny światowej w literaturze polskiej i bałkańskiej. Przedmiotem przeprowadzonej analizy porównawczej stały się dwa utwory: Odznaka za wierną służbę Andrzeja Struga oraz opowiadanie Ambrożek domobrońca (Domobran Jambrek) Miroslava Krležy z tomu Chorwacki bóg Mars. Autorka objaśnia zasady i funkcję patetycznej poetyki opisu wojny w prozie Struga oraz zupełnie odmiennej, ironicznej poetyki opowiadania Krležy. Mimo wielu podobieństw, oba utwory emitują odmienne ideologie artystyczne i polityczne. W zakończeniu artykułu kolejnym odniesieniem dla tematu wojennego jest powieść serbskiego pisarza, Miloša Crnjanskiego pt. Zapiski o Czarnojeviciu. W konkluzji rozważań autorka wskazuje na odmienność kontekstów tradycji i zwraca uwagę na formacyjne znaczenie polskiego romantyzmu.
Values that Shape Marketing Decisions: Influence of Chief Executive Officers’ Political Ideologies on Innovation Propensity, Shareholder Value, and Risk
Authors: Kashmiri Saim , Mahajan Vijay
Published: June 2016

This research examines the influence of chief executive officers’ (CEOs’) political ideologies—specifically, their degree of political liberalism (i.e., support for the Democratic Party relative to the Republican Party)—on firms’ innovation propensity (i.e., rate of new product introductions [NPIs]). The authors propose that CEOs’ degree of political liberalism positively affects their firms’ rate of NPIs. This impact is weakened, however, when CEOs have low power, when a high proportion of their compensation comes from equity, when the marketing department has high influence in the top management team, and when the economy is growing. Liberal CEOs’ greater rate of NPIs is associated with superior Tobin's q but also higher stock return volatility. Findings based on observations of 421 publicly listed U.S. firms from 2006 to 2010 provide considerable support for the authors’ hypotheses. The authors also examine changes in firms’ rate of NPIs and performance around CEO turnovers and find corroborating evidence for their thesis. These results highlight the role of executives’ personal values in shaping firms’ innovation strategy as well as the risks and rewards associated with aggressive NPIs.
Life as Art, Art as Life, and Life’s Art: the ‘Living Poetics’ of Italian Modernism
Authors: Jansen Monica , Jurišić Srećko , Van den Bergh Carmen
Published: June 2016

This article studies the key concept of ‘life’ within the context of Italian modernism, understood in the broad sense of a network of cultural responses in the period from 1861 until the mid-1930s. Following Roberto Esposito’s suggestion that the transversal category of life is distinctive for Italian “living thought” (Esposito), the ‘living poetics’ here exposed focuses on three key literary moments in which the crucial relationship between life and art is radically redefined. D’Annunzio’s ‘life as art’ aesthetics develops a ‘lifestyle’ with an individualist as well as nationalist dimension with its climax in the First World War. Futurism, starting from the axiom that war is the sole hygiene of the world, develops instead an ‘art as life program’ with which to revolutionize not only present life but also the afterlife. Finally, the young realists of the 1930s bring back absolutist notions of life to their realist and private proportions in order to create a poetics of reconstruction after the trauma of the Great War. A comparison between these literary moments shows how the concept of life not only is a constitutive element of an Italian ‘living poetics,’ but also that literary change entails a constant redefinition of autonomist and heteronomous aspects of the paradoxical tension between art and life.
Literaturrevolution in Continental Jewish Aesthetics
Authors: Sjöberg Sami
Published: June 2016

The German term Literaturrevolution, associated with the modern period in literature, covers various aesthetical ideas and ideologies revolving around the notion of revolution. Concerning revolt, Literaturrevolution entails a radical reinterpretation of the relation between art and reality as it charts the role of art during the socio-political upheavals of modernity. The article traces the variety of readings of the notion of revolution present in francophone and germanophone Jewish literature and meta-literary discussions in Europe from the early 1900s until the outbreak of the Second World War. It accounts for the reception, adaptation, and utilization of revolutionary discourses among expressionists and dadaists of Jewish origin. The motivation to focus on Jewish thought in particular derives not only from its peculiarities but also from its discursive plurality. This plurality is already evident in Gustav Landauer’s Die Revolution (1907), which captures the manifoldness of reformist ideas in East-Central European Jewish thought. In the wake of his book, the aesthetic, religious-ecstatic, and socio-political aspects of revolution overlapped and amalgamated. The multifaceted conceptions of revolt are particularly noticeable in the Jewish manifestations of Literaturrevolution as they placed the aesthetical with the social in parallel, evoking both socialist and fascist conservative opposition.
Basic Income and the Ideal of Epistemic Equality
Authors: Herzog Lisa
Published: June 2016

In this short paper I explore whether a pro tanto argument for an unconditional basic income can be developed from a specific normative basis: the idea of epistemic equality as applied to organizations. In a broad sense, epistemic equality describes the idea that every individual has an equal right to speak up and to be heard if she has relevant information or knowledge to share, questions to ask, or complaints to bring forward. Epistemic equality has moral, instrumental, and instrumentally moral value in organizations. Drawing on Miranda Fricker’s work on epistemic injustice (2009), I argue that we have good reasons to postulate epistemic equality as a normative ideal for organizations, even if – and precisely because – they are otherwise hierarchically structured. The hypothesis I then proceed to explore is that an unconditional basic income, by providing better opportunities for “exit”, might be a step that would strengthen epistemic equality in organizations.
Potentials of Mangifera indica in the treatment of depressive-anxiety disorders: possible mechanisms of action
Authors: Ishola Ismail O. , Awodele Olufunsho , Eluogu Chinedum O.
Published: June 2016

Background: Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) is an important herb in the traditional African and Ayurvedic medicines. The stem barks are used in the treatment of hypertension, insomnia, tumour, depression, rheumatism and as a tonic. This study was carried out to investigate antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effect of the hydroethanol stem bark extract of M. indica (HeMI) in mice.

Methods: HeMI (12.5–100 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 1 h before subjecting the animal to the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and elevated plus maze tests (EPM).

Results: HeMI (12.5–100 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment produced significant reduction in immobility time [F(6.56)=8.35, p<0.001], [F(6,56)=7.55, p<0.001] in the FST and TST, respectively. Moreover, co-administration of sub-therapeutic doses of imipramine or fluoxetine with HeMI (3.125 mg/kg) elicited significant reduction in time spent immobile in the FST. However, pretreatment of mice with parachlorophenylalanine, metergoline, yohimbine or sulpiride abolished the antidepressant-like effect elicited by HeMI. In the EPM, HeMI produced significant [F(5,42)=8.91, p<0.001] increase in open arms exploration by 75.55 % and this effect was blocked by pretreatment of mice with flumazenil or metergoline.

Conclusions: Findings from this study showed antidepressant-like effect of M. indica through interaction with 5-HT2 receptor, α2-adrenoceptor and dopamine D2-receptors. Also, an anxiolytic-like effect through its affinity for 5-HT2 and benzodiazepine receptors. Hence, M. indica could be a potential phytotherapeutic agent in the treatment of mixed anxiety-depressive illness.
Power System State Estimation Accuracy Enhancement Using Temperature Measurements of Overhead Line Conductors
Authors: Wydra Michał , Kacejko Piotr
Published: June 2016

Power system state estimation is a process of real-time online modeling of an electric power system. The estimation is performed with the application of a static model of the system and current measurements of electrical quantities that are encumbered with an error. Usually, a model of the estimated system is also encumbered with an uncertainty, especially power line resistances that depend on the temperature of conductors. At present, a considerable development of technologies for dynamic power line rating can be observed. Typically, devices for dynamic line rating are installed directly on the conductors and measure basic electric parameters such as the current and voltage as well as non-electric ones as the surface temperature of conductors, their expansion, stress or the conductor sag angle relative to the plumb line. The objective of this paper is to present a method for power system state estimation that uses temperature measurements of overhead line conductors as supplementary measurements that enhance the model quality and thereby the estimation accuracy. Power system state estimation is presented together with a method of using the temperature measurements of power line conductors for updating the static power system model in the state estimation process. The results obtained with that method have been analyzed based on the estimation calculations performed for an example system - with and without taking into account the conductor temperature measurements. The final part of the article includes conclusions and suggestions for the further research.
Folate, neopterin and kynurenine pathway in patients with statin therapy
Authors: Palabiyik Saziye Sezin , Girgin Gozde , Asci Ali , Demirelli Selami , Uslu Abdulkadir , Karakelleoglu Sule , Akcay Fatih , Aksakal Enbiya , Sahin Gonul , Baydar Terken
Published: June 2016

Statins, widely used antihyperlipidemic drugs, also have immunomodulatory properties independent from their lipid lowering effect. Even with slight modulations in the immune system, pteridine levels can display changes. The effect of statins on pteridines and related pathways has been demonstrated in a limited number of studies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible changes in neopterin and folate levels, and tryptophan (Trp) degradation in hyperlipidemic patients. Patients who were admitted to the cardiology clinic were randomly grouped if they were having statin treatment (n=69) or not (n=36). Serum Trp and kynurenine (Kyn), erythrocyte folate, and urinary neopterin levels were measured. It was found that urinary neopterin levels were significantly higher in patients on statin treatment (p<0.05) while levels of folate, Trp, Kyn, and Kyn-to-Trp ratios (Kyn/Trp) presented no significant changes (all, p>0.05). The correlation of the measured parameters was also evaluated and neopterin, folate and tryptophan degradation were found to be positively correlated. According to the results, neopterin levels, folate status and Trp degradation were altered in patients with statin treatment in comparison with the patients not receiving statin therapy. In order to point out the direct effect of statins on pteridines, further studies presenting both pre- and post-statin treatment of these parameters are needed.