bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Classroom Climate" Standardization Methodology in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Shumakova N.B. , Kosheleva Y.P. , Kozyreva N.V.
Published: October 2024

The concept of "Classroom climate" has a broad semantics. It covers the quality of interaction not only between students and teachers, but also with classmates at the managerial, social, emotional and academic levels. It is shown that students' subjective perception of the classroom climate carries their behavior, psychological well-being and success in teaching students, as well as their personal characteristics, the development of abilities and giftedness. The use of an evidence-based approach in education improves the quality of psychological tools used in different regions of the Russian Federation and other countries. The article reflects the standardization of the questionnaire "Climate in the classroom" in the Republic of Belarus. The study sample consisted of 425 school students from different regions of the Republic of Belarus (Minsk, Rogachev and Zhlobin) aged 10-18 years (54,35% female). The average age was 15±1 years (median=15 years). Using confirmatory factor analysis, the six-factor structure of the questionnaire was statistically validated, and its structure demonstrated satisfactory alignment with the empirical data. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient confirms the internal consistency of the scales, with their mutual correlations being at a moderate level. The magnitude and direction of the relationships are consistent with the expected outcomes. The convergent and differential validity of the questionnaire scales has been tested on the scales of the Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale (SHUJI) and academic performance. The questionnaire is recommended to school psychologists and teachers for psychological and pedagogical support of students from different age groups to create a favorable school environment.
Criteria Field and Diagnostic Tools for Determining the Emotional Well-Being of Preschool Children in the Family and Educational Organization
Authors: Izotova E.I. , Burlakova I.A. , Nikiforova O.V. , Korshunova N.S.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the important problem of identification of the emotional well-being of preschool children in the family and educational organization. Basing on the analysis of existing approaches to this problem in Russian psychological and pedagogical science, the authors have identified the criteria field of the concept of "emotional well-being", which is a complex level structure of interrelated criteria and indicators: emotional background (manifestation of emotions), the ability to control emotions (emotional stability) and emotional perception of situations (emotional attitude to situations and events). Such manifestations in the behavior and activities of a child, depending on the conditions of his life in a family or educational organization, are negative or positive. The complexity of the concept of "emotional well-being" and the criteria field of its identification in childhood requires an integrated approach to the development of diagnostic tools. The authors announced a developed set of diagnostic tools, which includes methods that allow to record external indicators of the emotional state of a child, to identify the child's internal emotional attitude to current or predicted events, as well as to obtain an external indirect assessment of the child's subjective state and the child's subjective attitude to situations in the family and educational organization. It is noted that the announced methods can be used in the practice of preschool education in order to support psychological and pedagogical development of preschool children including various target groups, as well as in the targeted psychological assistance of families with preschool children.
Preparation for Employment of Youth with Mental Disorders within the Framework of a Gastronomic Model Platform (GAMP): Evaluation of the Training Program's Effectiveness
Authors: Karpova N.A. , Egorova A.V. , Zakharova E.S.
Published: October 2024

This article presents a comprehensive study on the efficiency of a cooking skills training program for young adults with mental disabilities, conducted at the Gastronomic Model Platform (GAMP) of the Regional Non-commercial Organization "Center for Curative Pedagogy". The study hypothesized that this training would enhance the professional skills and life independence of students with mental disorders, facilitating successful employment and participation in work activities. Twenty-three GAMP students with varying levels of mental disabilities participated in a pre-post test study to assess changes in professional competencies and independence. The results confirmed the hypothesis regarding the improvement of professional skills during the GAMP training process (t(21)=-2,97; p=0,007). However, while indicators of independence significantly increased for some students, the overall hypothesis of increased independence was not statistically confirmed. This may be attributed to the fact that individuals with severe disabilities often show improvements in independence primarily in familiar environments and with the support of an accompanying person.
Stability of Corneal Totopography after Correction of Hyperopia by FS-LASIK: 3 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Kulikova I. L. , Pikusova S. M. , Anan’ev A. A.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To analyze changes of the corneal topography in the long-term period after hyperopic FS-LASIK in patients with low, moderate and high hyperopia.

Patients and Methods. This retrospective non-randomized study included data of 174 patients (174 eyes). All patients were performed hyperopic FS-LASIK. All patients were divided into three groups. Group I included patients with low hyperopia (34 eyes), group II included patients with moderate hyperopia (97 eyes), group III included patients with high hyperopia (43 eyes). Before the surgery, the mean cycloplegic spherical equivalent in group I was +1.94 ± 0.61 D, in group II +3.8 ± 2.19 D, in group III +5.7 ± 0.9 D. The stability of corneal topography after surgery was analyzed: mean keratometry, Surface Asymmetry Index (SAI), Surface Regularity Index (SRI). The results were evaluated the day after the surgery, 1 month later, 6 months later, 1 year later and 3 years after the surgery.

Results. There were no statistically significant changes in keratometry in groups I and II on the first day after surgery and 3 years later (p > 0.05). In group III, there was a statistically significant decrease in keratometry at 6 months after surgery by 1.35 ± 2.48. D (p = 0.003); however, keratometry remained stable for 3 years thereafter (p > 0.05). In groups I and II, SRI increased at all periods after surgery (p < 0.05), in group II there was an increase in SAI (p < 0.05), in group III, SRI and SAI increased at all periods after surgery (p < 0.05). Although the increase in the indices was statistically significant, it slightly exceeded the normal limits.

Conclusions. After correction of low and moderate hyperopia by FS-LASIK, corneal topography remains stable for 3 years after surgery. Correction of high hyperopia is associated with gradual flattening of the cornea within six months after surgery, but then keratometry remains stable for 3 years. It is important to take it into account in clinical practice.
A Clinical Case of Retinal Light Burn by a Laser Beam
Authors: Krasyuk E. Yu. , Noskova O. G. , Tokareva E. G.
Published: October 2024

The article describes a clinical case of retinal light burn in a child as a result of careless handling of a household laser device, with an ophthalmological picture of macular edema with detachment of the pigment epithelium, and also presents the results of the treatment.
Ophthalmoergonomics in Cataract Surgery (Clinical Cases)
Authors: Ovechkin I. G. , Morenko A. V. , Ovechkin N. I. , Pokrovsky D. F.
Published: October 2024

Purpose. To examine clinical examples of the visual organ condition in patients with visually intense work (VIW) after cataract phacoemulsification (CEP) from the standpoint of ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators and “quality of life” (QOL).

Methods. Clinical examples are based on observation of CEP patients after standard bilateral CEP and implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) with an extended focal depth (“RayOne EMV”, model RAO200E, “Rayner Intraocular Lenses Limited”, Worthing, UK). Three months after the surgery on the second eye, patients underwent a comprehensive examination of their vision based on standard clinical methods (visometry, keratorefractometry, etc.), assessment of functional (objective accommodation) and ophthalmo-ergonomic (“Eye meter”, “Visual search” tests) indicators, as well as a study of QOL (according to the “FEC-22” questionnaire). The article presents two clinical examples, each of which comparatively discusses the examination data of two VIW patients — air traffic controllers.

Results. The first clinical example presents a significant (15.9 %) deterioration in visual performance (VP) according to the “Eye meter” test under conditions of a deficit (3 sec) of time for presenting the test task, which is associated with the patient’s anisometropia (0.2 relative units). The second example presents a decrease (20.8 %) in VP according to the “Visual search” test due to the patient’s impaired accommodative function of the eye (habitual excessive accommodative tension). In both cases, the identified dynamics are accompanied by a decrease in the QOL indicator (by 3.7–5.8 %, respectively) according to the “FEK-22” questionnaire, which is associated with the methodological features of the development of this questionnaire.

Conclusion. Conducting an ophthalmo-ergonomic examination in cataract surgery reflects the “social model” of health, which considers limitations of life activity as a social problem and, therefore, the goal of treatment is the complete integration of the individual into society or, in other words, preserving the “professional” vision of the VIW patient and continuing (after surgery) everyday visual activity with the required indicators of visual performance. Ophthalmo-ergonomic indicators closely related to the patient’s QOL allow us to determine the “reference points” for conducting the necessary set of therapeutic and preventive measures to preserve the “professional” vision of the VIW patient.
A New Method for Reconstruction the Medial Angle of the Eye Among Patients with Blepharophimosis Syndrome (Clinical Cases)
Authors: Kataev M. G. , Trofimova I. Yu. , Zakharova M. A.
Published: October 2024

Blepharophimosis syndrome (palpebral syndrome) is a sporadic or hereditary genetic disease, manifested mainly by changes in the eyelids in the form of blepharophimosis, ptosis of the upper eyelid and reverse epicanthus. Often, the classical triad is complemented by other anomalies: telecanthus, thickening and fibrotization of the skin of the eyelids and subcutaneous structures, expansion and rounding of the medial angle of the eye slit, lateral displacement of the lower lacrimal point, ectropion of the lower eyelid. In order to correct the epicanthus and the zone of the medial angle of blepharophimosis syndrome, many techniques have been proposed. Despite this, the choice of surgical treatment method is not unambiguous and remains controversial.

Purpose. Development of a new method for surgical correction of the shape of the medial angle of the eye in patients with blepharophimosis syndrome. Patients and methods. We have proposed a method for surgical correction of the medial angle shape in patients with blepharophimosis syndrome. Two clinical cases have been described. Each patient underwent surgery according to the proposed method. Before surgery, patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination, lacrimal lavage before surgery or intraoperatively, an objective examination, including an assessment of the shape of the medial angle, the position of the lower eyelid, determining the length of the eye slit, the distance of the lower lacrimal point from the medial junction. Examination of patients and evaluation of the results of surgical treatment were carried out on the following days, 2 and 3 months after the operation.

Results. In each of the 2 cases, a positive cosmetic effect was achieved, the desired shape of the medial angle was achieved and, at the same time, tear drainage was not disturbed. Conclusion. The presented method of reconstruction of the medial angle of the eye allows you to get a more correct, narrowed shape, correct the abnormal position of the lower lacrimal point, while maintaining normal lacrimal drainage.
Prevalence of Operated Persons with Senile Cataracts in Heterogeneous Biotechnogenic Territories
Authors: Tyunina N. V. , Gromakina E. V. , Basova G. G. , Moses V. G.
Published: October 2024

Purpose of the study: to evaluate the influence of the level of anthropogenic load on the frequency of surgical treatment and age status of people with senile cataracts living in various territories of the Kemerovo region — Kuzbass.

Materials and methods. From 2015 to 2019, 228 372 patients from 7 cities and regions with a high level of technogenic load and from 6 cities with a low level of technogenic load were operated on for age-related cataracts in a 24-hour hospital stay.

Results. The absolute number of operated persons was greater in territories with a high level of technogenic load compared to a low level of technogenic load (187 876 versus 40496) and on average exceeded 4.6 times annually (37 575 versus 8099). The number of operated persons, taking into account the dynamics of the population due to decline and birth rates in different territories over the years, fluctuated per 10 000 population, and exceeded in territories with a high level of technogenic load by an average of 27.0 %. The average age of operated patients with cataracts differed little in populations with high and low levels of technogenic load. However, in territories with a high level of technogenic load compared to a low level of technogenic load, there were 2.5 times more operated people aged 51–60 years.

Conclusions. The number of operated people with senile cataracts over a five-year period per 10 000 population averaged 176.46 in areas with a high level of technogenic load and 134.14 with a low level, with a numerical advantage over decades from 9.67 % to 45.47 %, (annual average 27.0 %). There were 2.5 times more operated patients with age-related cataracts aged 51–60 years (4.9 % versus 1.9 %) in areas with a high level of technogenic load compared to a low level, with an average age of 72.02 ± 8.32 and 71.04 ± 10.11 years, respectively.
Features of the Development of Anatomical and Optical Eye Media in Children of Turkmenistan
Authors: Amansakhatov Sh. A. , Charyeva G. M.
Published: October 2024

One of the main causes of visual impairment in children is visual impairment (myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism), which are associated with refraction, and affect visual performance and school performance of children, as well as have a negative impact of binocular vision disorders.

Purpose: To study the peculiarities of the development of individual eye structures in preschool and school-age children.

Materials and methods. 5896 children (11 582 eyes) of preschool and school age (1–14 years old) were examined. Healthy children were examined. All children underwent a comprehensive clinical and instrumental ophthalmological examination, which included: visometry, biomicroscopy, refractometry, ophthalmoscopy, tonometry, pachymetry, ultrasound biometry and ophthalmometry.

Results. As a result of the study, the dynamics of eye development in children was studied depending on age, the eye parameters, clearly change and the growth of the eyeball ends by the age of 14. It was found that in children aged from 1 to 14 years vision, refraction, anterior-posterior axis length, lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and vitreous volume significantly increased, and accurate indicators were obtained.

Conclusion. The data obtained make it possible to understand the dynamics of the development of the eyeball in preschool children and help in predicting the occurrence of various pathologies and their prevention. The conducted studies have shown some differences in the anatomical and optical environments of the eyes in children of Turkmenistan, whose climatic conditions in evolution led to the development of an adaptive mechanism that determined the corresponding parameters of the organ of vision and its ethnic peculiarity. Based on a large number of studies (5896 children), specific sizes of anatomical and optical eye media in children of Turkmenistan have been established.
Protection During Covıd-19 and Similar Biological/Chemical Disaster the Effect of Peer Education on Improving Behaviours
Authors: Yürük Büşra , Doğan Aysel , Sürmeli Yağmur , Cüceler Seval , Sançar Behire , Aktaş Ayşe , Akan Nazife , Karasu Fatma , Özcanarslan Fügen
Published: October 2024

Introduction/Objectives: The conscious application of prevention methods is crucial for the prevention of Covid-19 and similar epidemics. To this end, some restrictions and bans have been introduced in our country and in the world during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, it is believed that such restrictions and bans are not effective in preventing the spread of epidemic diseases if one is not aware of why they are applied. For this reason, this study aims to improve the protective behaviors of high school students, who are an important group for controlling the disease in the community during the Covid-19 pandemic, during Covid-19 and similar biological/chemical disasters by using the technique of peer education and a web-based educational program. Methods: The study was a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest model. The study sample consisted of 140 students who were enrolled in the schools where the study was conducted and who met the study criteria. Before the training, students were given the "Personal Information Form" and the "Biological and Chemical Disaster Protective Behavior Assessment Form". After the training, the questionnaire "Covid-19 and similar biological/chemical disasters - protective behavior" was completed again. The study data was analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 statistical program. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data obtained. Results: It was found that more than half of the students participating in the study were female, almost half of them attended 10th grade, and almost half of them had a family income that matched their expenses. After the training, it was found that students' knowledge of social distancing and isolation rules increased and hygiene practices and mask wearing changed positively compared to before the training. Conclusion: Individuals need to know how to protect themselves from epidemic diseases and know the right practices to minimize the damage caused by epidemic diseases. In this regard, it is recommended that nurses collaborate with different professional groups to increase the awareness and knowledge level of individuals and provide training on epidemic diseases to students. It is also recommended to identify the current situation by repeating the trainings conducted and ensuring that individuals update their knowledge.
The effect of misalignment of shaft axes connected by toothed couplings on the vibration activity of rotary turbine systems
Authors: Ilyichev V.Yu. , Terekhov P.A.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the problem of investigating the mechanism of occurrence of variable forces and moments in the connection of shafts with toothed couplings when the shaft axes are misaligned. In turbine units, gear couplings are used to connect the shafts of engines (turbines) and drive units such as compressors and pumps. Since in this case the connected rotors of the installations have thrust bearings, gear couplings ensure mutual displacement of the shafts, which occurs due to their thermal linear expansion, force influences, displacement of supports and other reasons. Gear couplings with an intermediate gear shaft have become the most widespread in turbine construction. The accumulated extensive experience in the design, manufacture and operation of toothed joints allows you to create coupling designs that provide a long service life and withstand heavy loads. It should be noted that it is not easy to reduce the mutual influence of shafts connected by such a coupling, because for this you need to greatly reduce the length of the teeth to reduce.
Setting the task of managing integration processes in the field of educational and personnel policy by the method of cognitive graphs
Authors: Kuznetsova K.A.
Published: October 2024

Problem statement. About 70% of companies in Russia are experiencing staff shortages, which reached about 4.8 million people by the end of 2023. In this regard, it is necessary to develop an information system aimed at solving the problem of managing integration processes in the field of educational policy of universities and personnel policy of enterprises. Goal. The purpose of this study is to develop a recommendation information system for collecting, storing, systematizing and comparing information on the areas of graduate training and current vacancies to improve the effectiveness of interaction between educational organizations and enterprises. Results. A graph-theoretic approach was used as a model of knowledge representation, in which a cognitive graph was built based on information from open sources. To build graph representations, 581 records of specialties and universities were collected, including 58156 course names, as well as 29684 open vacancies in 266 cities of Russia. Practical significance. The developed tools make it possible to provide a deep understanding of the links between the areas of graduate training and vacancies through visualization tools. To establish relationships, a mathematical apparatus was developed that combines transposition operations with neuromorphic modeling algorithms. The proposed approach allows you to create personalized recommendations and is useful both for students choosing specialties and universities, and for companies looking for specialized specialists.
Analysis of natural and climatic processes in mountainous areas affecting the design of gas pipelines
Authors: Trebunskikh P.A. , Omarov M.A.
Published: October 2024

When designing gas pipelines in mountain conditions, the problem of the impact of natural and climatic processes during construction and operation is relevant. It is necessary that the influence of certain factors be taken into account at the design stage. The goal is to analyze the main malfunctions of gas pipelines in mountainous areas and propose methods to avoid them. Statistical data have been obtained to determine the possibility of using protective mechanisms against certain natural disasters in the mountains. The data obtained as a result of the study and the methods proposed as protective, with further work on this problem, will improve and secure the work on the construction and operation of gas pipelines in mountainous areas at the design stage.
Modern methods of computer vision and their practical application in the problem of defectoscopy of integrated circuits
Authors: Shafigullina A.Yu. , Klimov D.I. , Mamedov T.T. , Gubaidullin I.R.
Published: October 2024

Problem setting. The growing trend in the development of artificial intelligence and in particular machine vision makes it possible to introduce it into various areas of human activity, in particular, into flaw detection of integrated circuits. To date, there are a large number of methods for implementing computer vision, each of which has its pros and cons, and for each task, the result of applying these methods will be different. Target. The purpose of the work is to review the existing methods of machine vision and experimental studies to determine the most appropriate algorithm for the implementation of the classification of defects in integrated circuits. Results. As a result of experimental studies within the framework of the problem of classifying defects in integrated circuits, the problematic issues of each classification method were identified, and recommendations were given for more efficient application of the methods. Practical significance. The authors showed that the best classification accuracy is given by a convolutional neural network (98%), classical training by the k-nearest neighbors method with the condition of identifying image features using scale-invariant transformation (SIFT) gives an accuracy higher than neural networks (50%).
Methodology for determining critical elements of an information and measurement system based on forecasting the values of their technical characteristics
Authors: Lisitsky V.V. , Vyaldin D.M.
Published: October 2024

An analysis of the operation of the monitoring and diagnostics system of information and measurement systems has shown that data from all elements of the equipment connected to each other, as a rule, according to a hierarchical principle based on constructive division, are used to obtain information about a critical change in the values of technical characteristics. When solving the problem of forecasting technical characteristics in the interests of justifying the volume of maintenance, a large number of elements leads to a decrease in the accuracy and horizon of the forecast due to the presence of excessive information about elements that do not affect the deviation of technical characteristics from the nominal value. To ensure the necessary accuracy of the information and measurement system, it is necessary to use a large array of data on the technical characteristics of structural elements with their subsequent processing using machine learning models. To consider a methodology based on forecasting the values of the technical characteristics of the elements of an information and measurement system to determine their critical importance. Results. To solve the problem of predicting the values of the technical characteristics of an information and measurement system, it is proposed to use a gradient boosting algorithm and a linear regression method. The proposed method makes it possible to organize continuous training of the algorithm for determining critical elements in real time at the operational stage of the information and measurement system.
Development of a geoacoustic database management system: technologies and practical aspects
Authors: Khrypchenko A.V. , Vyrodov A.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The development of a geoacoustic database management system aims to ensure efficient storage, processing and access to this data. Taking into account the requirements of users in geophysics and geology, the system was created to provide prompt and electronic access to information for scientific research. This article discusses systems for automating the management of specified volumes of data in geoacoustics problems using the Spring framework, the Highcharts visualization library and the MySQL database. The results include a tool we developed to quickly search, analyze and visualize geoacoustic data to improve the quality of scientific research and make informed decisions. The practical originality of this system is manifested in increasing the productivity and quality of work of specialists in the field of geophysics and geology, reducing the time for data processing and increasing the efficiency of activities in the field of geoacoustic research.
Approach to improving the quality of program code generation by large language models
Authors: Timofeev A.N. , Mikhaylova S.S.
Published: October 2024

Problem. The problems that arise when using large language models in code generation problems and existing methods of solving them are investigated. Target. Improve the quality of program code generation Results. An approach to quality improvement based on verification of generation results using a model that includes ontologies and knowledge bases is proposed. Practical significance. Among the possible approaches to the application of ontologies and knowledge bases in code generation tasks, the following can be distinguished: checking the code for possible errors, generating explanations, generating hints, preparing tasks, evaluating results. The proposed approach is aimed at verifying and enriching the semantics of intermediate or final results of the large language model (LLM), as well as to improve the quality of manually written code.
Approaches to the implementation of river information systems for inland water transport
Authors: Lyalkov S.S. , Andreeva O.N.
Published: October 2024

Formulation of the problem. Currently on the agenda is the issue of introducing information technologies in all spheres of state activity, including the field of inland water transport, which includes river navigation. Relevant and of great practical importance is the task of developing methods and methods for increasing the efficiency of organizing information support for dispatch services, through the use of mechanisms for digital transformation of the inland water transport industry and the use of digital information systems. When developing such systems and complexes, many factors should be taken into account, starting with the possibility of data transmission in conditions of unstable functioning of channels and communication means, ending with the ergonomics of client applications for end users. Target. Development of main directions and recommendations for the development of a digital system of river information services for inland waterways of the Russian Federation based on world experience in operating similar systems. Results. The approach of European countries to the development of information systems for river information services is considered. Basic recommendations are proposed for the implementation of information systems in the field of river transport for inland waterways of the Russian Federation. Practical significance. Development of the main directions for the development of a digital system of river information services, as the main working tool for dispatch staff in the administrations of basin departments in the European part of the Unified Deepwater System of Russia.
Optimization of neural network architecture using genetic algorithms: a case study in diabetes prediction
Authors: Menhai Hou
Published: October 2024

The article presents the research project GANet, which focuses on the optimization of neural network architectures for diabetes prediction using genetic algorithms. The main goal of the project is to develop and analyze the effectiveness of a genetic algorithm that would facilitate the automation and optimization of the design of neural network architectures for binary classification tasks. A distinctive feature of GANet is an innovative mutation strategy that allows neurons to mutate within sub-networks with varying numbers of layers and neurons, thereby contributing to the evolution of more complex and efficient structures. Experiments were conducted on a publicly available diabetes dataset, and the results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of diabetes prediction. The study confirms the effectiveness of using genetic algorithms for optimizing neural network architectures and opens new prospects for future research in this field.
Application of convolutional neural network and evolutionary algorithm to predict the outcome of adverse drug interactions
Authors: Nepomnyashchiy O.V. , Khantimirov A.G. , Al-Saghir M.M.I. , Kotov S.A.
Published: October 2024

The article delves into the complexities surrounding the comprehensive utilization of pharmaceuticals through the lens of computational pharmaceutics. It underscores the significant cost implications associated with diagnosing the outcomes of such interactions using conventional laboratory techniques. As the medication repertoire expands, it becomes increasingly impractical to identify all potential interaction outcomes. The study explores established computational methodologies and highlights the challenge of ensuring the completeness and accuracy of results, stemming from the diverse sets of resulting interactions employed in machine learning. A hypothesis is posited regarding the potential of deep learning technologies to discern the sought-after function from numerous interaction outcomes, thereby enhancing forecasting accuracy. To address this, a solution is proposed, leveraging a combined approach of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and an evolutionary algorithm. The research outlines the development results of the neural network architecture and elucidates its operational principles. Furthermore, it entails the creation of a computational model and the preparation of datasets for training and testing the neural network. Training is conducted, and comparative analysis results of various forecasting modes using a range of known algorithms are obtained. The findings demonstrate that employing the particle swarm optimization algorithm leads to enhanced accuracy, sensitivity, selectivity, and reliability compared to conventional methods on identical datasets. Despite significant advancements in computational pharmaceutics, existing approaches inadequately meet modern requirements for forecast completeness and accuracy, primarily due to the extensive medication repertoire and the multitude of features necessary for training computational models. However, deep learning technologies offer the potential to extract localized features from a plethora of unknowns, thereby augmenting diagnostic accuracy. The proposed method for predicting drug interactions, based on deep learning technology implemented through a CNN, adjusts key network parameters using the particle swarm optimization evolutionary algorithm. The architecture of the proposed CNN minimizes memory requirements by placing weights in the network's channel layers, potentially improving computational efficiency and expediting computation time. In the proposed prognostic model, key variables for predicting drug interaction include the size of the convolution layer window, the subsampling layer window size, and the number of neurons in the hidden layer of the fully connected output neural network.
Discrete space-time processing in multifunctional radar systems
Authors: Zhiburtovich N.Y.
Published: October 2024

In radar systems, all basic tasks, from signal detection to their recognition, are solved under conditions of a priori uncertainty arising, among other things, due to natural or organized interference. The task of maintaining a balance between the speed of the information-measuring and control system and the detail of the assessment of the phase coordinates of targets is of particular relevance in modern on-board multifunctional radar systems of fighter aircraft. In such systems, all basic tasks are solved with strict restrictions on space-time resources. The purpose of the work is to analyze the options for reviewing the airspace that provide the solution of basic tasks in multifunctional radar systems with restrictions on the permissible time of observation of targets and taking into account electronic countermeasures. Based on the analysis performed using performance indicators that ensure the noise immunity of multifunctional radar systems, rational variants of a discrete space-time survey for active phased antenna arrays are proposed. In modern antennas with electromechanical scanning, two space viewing modes are used – continuous direction-finding mode and on-pass tracking. In the continuous direction-finding mode, the detail of the phase coordinate estimates is realized only for a single target, but the secrecy of the actions of the multifunctional radar system is not ensured. In the pass-through tracking mode, a high level of detail is provided for assessing the phase coordinates of targets and the noise immunity of multifunctional radar systems. Therefore, in this mode, it is advisable to evaluate only the noise immunity of multifunctional radar systems against the background of natural interference. The greatest detail of estimates of the phase coordinates of targets and noise immunity are achieved in multifunctional radar systems with active phased antenna arrays, the element base of which allows for a fast discrete space-time overview when all parameters of the electromagnetic wave change, including its polarization, according to pseudo-random laws. The use of modern onboard time standards with stability up to 〖10〗^(-18) in combination with high-speed electromechanical switches will significantly increase the detail of the evaluation of the phase coordinates of targets and noise immunity, including during group actions of aircraft. The proposed review options relate to a new priority scientific and technical direction  correction of techniques (principles, methods and algorithms) for the construction of avionics using technological advances in the development of the element base of active phased antenna arrays.
Estimation of tangential speed of ground moving targets in SAR
Authors: Kuchmy A.D. , Yasentsev D.A. , Tatarsky B.G.
Published: October 2024

In parallel with the development of systems of highly detailed mapping of the underlying surface, methods of ground moving targets indication (GMTI) were also improved. A dramatic improvement in the resolution characteristics of onboard radars occurred after the introduction of mapping modes with synthetic artificial antenna aperture. The advent of synthetic aperture radars (SAR) made it possible to detect ground moving targets (GMT) against the background of reflections from the underlying surface, which made it possible to further implement GMTI algorithms for detecting low-speed moving ground objects. The simple way to carry out GMTI is if the observed target has a radial component of the velocity vector, which generates a Doppler frequency shift in the reflected signal. A more complex situation arises when it is necessary to detect targets moving at a tangential speed relative to the onboard radar. The difficulty of detecting targets moving at tangential speed is due to the fact that target movement in the direction perpendicular to the line of sight leads to deformation of the phase structure of the signal. This particular deformation manifests itself in the appearance of quadratic phase modulation of the reflected trajectory signal. With consistent signal processing in mapping mode, due to the appearance of quadratic phase modulation, the response of the observed moving target will be defocused. To detect the presence of a moving target with tangential speed, it is proposed to use an algorithm similar to the well-known phase difference algorithm for autofocusing radar images. It consists in dividing the implementation of the trajectory signal into two parts, after which the bottom of them is subjected to a complex conjugation procedure. Next, the two implementations are multiplied with each other and the amplitude spectrum of the result of the multiplication is calculated. The shift of the maximum spectral density relative to the origin is proportional to the tangential velocity of the observed target. The sign of the shift (to the right or to the left) depends on the direction of movement of the GMT relative to the velocity vector of the carrier. This algorithm was justified by an analytical method, then its mathematical modeling was carried out. In the case of observation of spruce trees by on-board radar with a high tangential velocity, the error in its estimation increases, which is due to the spreading of the spectrum of the signal reflected from the GMT to reduce the influence of this effect.
Development of a model of received signals and algorithms for their processing for radar detection of people in rooms through a wall
Authors: Kozlov R.Yu. , Gavrilov K.Yu.
Published: October 2024

The problem of developing models of received radar signals in through a wall sensing radars is considered, taking into account the properties of targets and the presence of interference clutter. In this case, the targets to be detected are people who are in a mobile or stationary state. It is assumed that the sensing is carried out using an ultra-wideband signal with step frequency modulation. The developed model should correspond to the actual received signals of the through a wall radar in terms of the proximity of statistical characteristics. Goal of article – creation of models of reflected signals corresponding to sensing with the help of through a wall radar of various rooms in the presence or absence of living people in them. Signal models have been developed that correspond to the cases of probing both an "empty" room (in the absence of people) and a room with people inside it. When developing models, the properties of real signals that were obtained during field experiments with the radar layout are taken into account. The statistical characteristics of real and model signals are compared, as a result of which the adequacy of the developed models to real signals is shown. It is also shown that the amplitude of the complex envelope of the target signal can be described using the Gauss function. The developed signal models make it possible to determine the characteristics of a matched filter, the use of which in signal processing in through-the-wall radar leads to a significant reduction in the noise component and smoothing of signals. With the help of the developed models, estimates of the effectiveness of signal processing algorithms can be obtained for various scenarios of probing rooms through a wall.
Comparative analysis of nasal endoscopic and radiological findings in chronic rhinosinusitis patients
Authors: Kagathara Virali Prabhulal , Mahajan S. B. , Rathi Abhinav , Gangwar Navneeta , Bhardwaj Viny
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a complex inflammatory disorder causing significant reduction in quality of life and interfere in day to day activity. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management, typically involving nasal endoscopy and CT imaging to assess the extent of sinus involvement.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Jaipur national university institute of medical sciences and research centre from July 2022 to May 2024. It included 75 patients diagnosed with CRS. Subjective quantification of disease was done using SNOT-22 scoring system. Diagnostic evaluations were performed using nasal endoscopy and CT scans, with findings scored according to the Lund-Kennedy and Lund-MacKay systems.
Results: The study highlighted a strong correlation between endoscopic and CT findings, with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.892 and 0.909 for endoscopic vs. SNOT-22 scores and CT vs. SNOT-22 scores, respectively. Discrepancies between the two diagnostic tools were also noted, emphasizing their complementary roles in CRS management.
Conclusions: Integrating nasal endoscopy and CT imaging provides a robust framework for diagnosing and managing CRS, allowing for a detailed assessment of both mucosal and anatomical changes. The combined use of these tools enhances the ability to tailor treatment plans effectively.
Social and Preventive Pharmacy for the Students of B.Pharm 8th Semester
Authors: Mishra Ankit Kumar , Mishra Dr. J. N. , Kumar Ashok , Bharati Vinay
Published: October 2024

The opportunity to prepare a book on “Social and Preventive Pharmacy” provided us the occasion to serve to the students of B.Pharm.
We take pleasure in presenting this book to provide the students updated and collective information on various aspects of social and preventive pharmacy in a simple language.
The objective of this book is upon completion of this course the student should be able to:

High consciousness/realization of current issues related to health and pharmaceutical problems within the country and worldwide.
Have a critical way of thinking based on current healthcare development.
Evaluate alternative ways of solving problems related to health and pharmaceutical issues.

This book contains various aspects of social and preventive pharmacy based on the syllabus for B.Pharm.
Artificial intelligence in forensic odontology: A review
Authors: Raj Ruchika , Anjum Rubeena , Vijay Pradakhshana , Lahoria Nisha , Singh Priyanka , Khanam Wajiha
Published: October 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a technology that allows computers to replicate human behaviour and outperform human decision-making in solving complex tasks, either independently or with minimal human involvement. AI technologies, including machine learning and deep neural networks, significantly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of analyzing dental evidence, such as radiographs and bite marks, facilitating reliable identification of individuals, even in complex cases like mass disasters or decomposed remains. Additionally, AI aids in estimating age and determining sex by analyzing dental and skeletal features. The automation of image analysis tasks reduces human error and accelerates identification processes. Furthermore, AI supports the creation of 3D models for facial reconstruction, improving investigative efforts to visualize unidentified remains. Overall, the integration of AI in forensic odontology enhances investigative capabilities, providing valuable tools for law enforcement and contributing to the pursuit of justice. This review article explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in forensic odontology, highlighting its applications in dental identification, age and sex estimation, bite mark analysis, facial reconstruction, and dental databases
Evaluation of awareness of physical instructors in schools of Bidar city about the management of avulsed tooth
Authors: Jose Jomy , Shailendra Mashalkar , Naik Ruthika , Rani Manisha , Sravan Polasa , Suresh Apoorva , Keerthi Kuchi
Published: October 2024

: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness among school physical education teachers in Bidar city regarding the emergency management of avulsed teeth.

: A self-administered questionnaire comprising 10 closed-ended questions was developed to evaluate teachers' understanding of tooth avulsion and management practices. The questionnaire ensured anonymity and voluntary participation. Teachers were informed in advance, and all willing participants were included in the study.

: The findings revealed that while some teachers had a basic understanding of avulsed teeth, many lacked comprehensive knowledge on managing such injuries. Studies cited showed varying levels of awareness, with previous research indicating that awareness could improve significantly with appropriate educational interventions. Notably, a lecture combined with a discussion proved effective in enhancing teachers' knowledge about dental first aid.

: The study observed a significant lack of awareness among school physical education teachers regarding the management of dental trauma. To improve outcomes for avulsed teeth, it is crucial to implement awareness campaigns and training programs for school staff. Educating teachers on proper first-aid procedures can significantly increase the chances of successful replantation and recovery of avulsed teeth.
Management of endodontic periodontic lesions with hemisection: Case reports
Authors: Keerthi Kuchi , Shailendra Mashalkar , Naik Rutika , Rani Manisha , Sravan Polasa , Suresh Apoorva , Jose Jomy
Published: October 2024

The connection between periodontal and endodontic diseases has been a topic of interest for many years. The simultaneous presence of pulpal pathosis and inflammatory periodontal disease complicates diagnosis and treatment planning, necessitating a comprehensive treatment approach that combines endodontic, periodontic, and prosthodontic interventions.

This case report presents a multi-disciplinary approach for managing a combined endodontic-periodontic lesion. The objective is to illustrate the effectiveness of a multi-disciplinary treatment strategy for compromised teeth with endo-perio lesions. Hemisection and root resections are highlighted as preferred treatments to preserve the remaining portion of the molar with a sound periodontium.

Hemisection is defined as the surgical division of a multi-rooted tooth at the furcation, permitting the removal of both the crown and root of the sectioned part as a single unit.