bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the hydrological basis of the Budyko framework with the principle of hydrologically similar groups
Authors: Chen Yuchan , Chen Xiuzhi , Xue Meimei , Yang Chuanxun , Zheng Wei , Cao Jun , Yan Wenting , Yuan Wenping
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The Budyko framework is a simple and effective tool for estimating the water balance of watersheds. Quantification of the watershed-characteristic-related parameter (Pw) is critical for accurate
water balance simulations with the Budyko framework. However, there is no
universal method for calculating Pw as the interactions between hydrologic,
climatic, and watershed characteristic factors differ greatly across
watersheds. To fill this research gap, this study introduced the principle
of hydrologically similar groups into the Budyko framework for
quantifying the Pw of watersheds in similar environments. We first
classified the 366 selected watersheds worldwide into six hydrologically
similar groups based on watershed attributes, including climate, soil, and
vegetation. Results show that soil moisture (SM) and fractional vegetation
cover (FVC) are two controlling factors of the Pw in each group. The SM
exhibits a power-law relationship with the Pw values, with increasing SM
leading to higher Pw values in dry watersheds (SM ≤ 20 mm) and lower Pw values in humid watersheds (SM > 20 mm). Additionally, the FVC shows to be linearly correlated with the Pw values in most hydrologically similar groups, except in that group with moist soil and no strong rainfall seasonality (SM >20 mm and seasonal index (SI) ≤ 0.4). Multiple non-linear regression models between Pw and the controlling factors (SM and FVC) were developed to individually estimate the Pw of six hydrologically similar groups. Cross-validations using the bootstrap sampling method (R2=0.63) and validations of time-series Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) data (R2=0.89) both indicate that the proposed models perform satisfactorily in estimating the Pw parameter in the Budyko framework. Overall, this study is a new attempt to quantify the unknown Pw in the Budyko framework using the method for hydrologically similar groups. The results will be helpful in improving the applicability of the Budyko framework for estimating the annual runoff of watersheds in diverse climates and with different characteristics.
Investigating the spatial representativeness of Antarctic ice cores: A comparison of ice core and radar-derived surface mass balance
Authors: Cavitte Marie G. P. , Goosse Hugues , Matsuoka Kenichi , Wauthy Sarah , Goel Vikram , Dey Rahul , Pratap Bhanu , Van Liefferinge Brice , Meloth Thamban , Tison Jean-Louis
Published: May 2023

Abstract. Surface mass balance (SMB) over the Antarctic Ice Sheet must be better understood to document current Antarctic contribution to sea-level rise. Field point data using snow stakes and ice cores are often used to evaluate the state of the ice sheet's mass balance as well as to validate SMB derived from regional climate models, which are then used to produce future climate projections. However, spatial representativeness of individual point data remains largely unknown, particularly in the coastal regions of Antarctica with highly variable terrains. Here, we compare ice core data collected at the summit of eight ice rises along the coast of Dronning Maud Land, as well as at the Dome Fuji site, and shallow ice-penetrating radar data over these regions. Shallow radar data has the advantage of being spatially extensive with a temporal resolution that varies between annual and sub-decadal resolution from which we can derive a SMB record over the entire radar survey. This comparison allows us therefore to evaluate the spatial variability of SMB and the spatial representativeness of ice-core derived SMB. We found that ice core mean SMB is very local and the difference with radar-derived SMB increases in a logarithmic-fashion as the surface covered by the radar data increases, with for most ice rises a plateau ~1–2 km away from the ice crest where there are strong wind-topography interactions, and ~10 km where the ice shelves begin. The relative uncertainty in measuring SMB also increases rapidly as we move away from the ice core sites. Five of our ice rise sites show a strong spatial representativeness in terms of temporal variability, while the other three sites show it is limited to a surface areas between 20–120 km2. The Dome Fuji site on the other hand shows a small difference between pointwise and area mean SMB, as well as a strong spatial representativeness in terms of temporal variability. We found no simple parameterization that could represent the spatial variability observed at all the sites. However, these data clearly indicate that local spatial SMB variability must be considered when assessing mass balance as well as comparing modeled SMB values to point field data.
El mundo del trabajo indígena urbano de Charcas (actual Bolivia) en el siglo XVII
Authors: Gil Montero Raquel
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo explora las relaciones laborales de los indígenas residentes en cinco ciudades de Charcas, actual Bolivia, a fines del siglo XVII. Se basa en el análisis de las categorías fiscales incluidas en los padrones originales de la Numeración General ordenada por el virrey duque de La Palata, y en otros elementos tales como la presencia o ausencia de beneficiarios directos del trabajo indígena, el destino de los tributos y el lugar de trabajo. Se analizan, asimismo, las ausencias de algunas categorías específicas que deja de manifiesto la comparación. En forma complementaria se incluyó el análisis de expedientes judiciales. La Numeración muestra ciudades muy diferentes en su composición, diferencias que se explican por las decisiones personales que tomaron quienes empadronaron las ciudades ante la falta de instrucciones específicas, así como por los diferentes desarrollos históricos que tuvo cada una. El artículo profundiza el análisis de quienes estaban destinados al servicio de las instituciones públicas y eclesiásticas de las ciudades de La Paz y La Plata. Finalmente se proponen diferencias en términos de las libertades relativas de las que gozaban los diferentes tributarios.
Indios urbanos, vecinos españoles y el Hospital. Apropiación del espacio urbano y construcción de una villa colonial (Cajamarca, siglo XVII)
Authors: Argouse Aude
Published: May 2023

La historia de los “indios urbanos” en América suele estar vinculada a la movilidad de los indígenas, que se vieron obligados a abandonar sus tierras para vivir en las ciudades coloniales. Sin embargo, en Cajamarca, Perú, fue otro movimiento el que dio origen a esta población de indios urbanos: el del asentamiento de españoles en lo que era entonces, y seguirá siendo, un "pueblo de indios". A través de diversas estrategias, los españoles intentaron legitimar su presencia en Cajamarca. En 1662, decidieron traer a la Orden de San Juan para que se hiciera cargo del hospital. De la confrontación ante la Real Audiencia de Lima, nacida del rechazo de los franciscanos a ver establecida otra orden religiosa que la suya, surgen elementos, analizados en este texto, que ponen de relieve los procesos de aparición de esta categoría de indios urbanos.
Assessment of the postcombustion process in the cavity of the working space of the oxygen converter based on assessment of the physical parameters of flue gases and flame
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Golub T. S. , Molchanov L. S. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kakushkin E. S. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prokopenko P. H. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The work is devoted to the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of an available method of monitoring the state of the converter bath based on the physical parameters of the flame formed during the afterburning of the source gases. In the process of purging in the oxygen converter, conditions are created for the oxidation reaction of CO to CO2 in the cavity of the unit. Control of the specified factor can allow corrective actions to be taken to ensure a high level of technological and environmental indicators and be an indicator of the completeness of the flow of chemical transformations in the cavity of the oxygen converter. according to the luminosity of the gas torch in different spectrum; by the electrical conductivity of the gas torch. The conditions of different conditions of the high-temperature environment are taken into account: dustiness; fractions of dust emitted from the converter and their chemical composition, completeness of combustion when different fractions of the oxidizer are supplied. Simulation of the state of the environment in the upper part of the oxygen converter was performed. It was established that the most influential negative factor in the assessment of afterburning is dust, which affects all physical parameters of the flame and at high temperatures of the process itself becomes an object of radiation of both heat and light. According to the results of the research, it was concluded that it is most appropriate to measure the electrical conductivity of the flame between the torch and the blowing nozzle in order to have more complete information about the afterburning processes. When evaluating the operation of the blowing device, it was established that the dependence of the electrical conductivity of the flame on the CO content can serve as a characteristic of afterburning indicators and has a typical quadratic character.
Study of changes in the structural and chemical composition of periclase-carbonate refractories in the process of operation as the lining of oxygen converters
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Molchanov L. S. , Golub T. S. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The refractory lining plays a crucial role in the performance of modern oxygen converter process, as its durability determines the life of the metallurgical unit. During the campaign, it is subjected to various extreme loads and factors of different nature. The most reliable and widespread methods of establishing the causes of the destruction of refractories are chemical research and structural research of burnt bricks after service in converters. In the work carried out, a study of changes in the lining of a 50-ton oxygen converter was carried out in order to expand the understanding of the influence of technological factors on the macro picture of the destruction of the lining. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the fact that iron oxides have the greatest influence on lining components, especially in combination with silicon, which has a rather low melting point (1200 oC), which under conditions of elevated melt temperature leads to dissolution and cracking of the refractory working layer. In the zone of the upper cone, a significant influence of magnesium oxidation reactions was established, which is connected with its high affinity to oxygen. For the zone of the metal bath, a significant contribution to the destruction of refractories is made by the oxidation reactions of magnesium and aluminum (as antioxidants in refractories) and their interaction with sulfur, which is due to the greatest affinity of these elements with oxygen and their high activity. In the slag zone reactions of refractory carbon with monooxide of iron, magnesium oxide with magnetite, and interaction of fayalite with carbon and magnesium oxide have great influence. The results of X-ray fluorescence analysis confirm the destruction of refractory products during oxygen conversion as a result of impregnation of the slag melt components into the volume of the refractory, namely due to the interaction of iron and manganese oxides with the carbon-containing bond at elevated temperatures.
Structure and properties of reinforcing rolled coils by v-alloyed dual-and multi-phase C-Mn-Si-steel
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pliuta V. L. , Levchenko G. V. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vorobey S. O. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nesterenko A. M. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The aim of the work was to study the influence of vanadium doping on two- and multi-phase steels. The schemes of thermomechanically controlled rolling on the wire line of the sectional rolling mill 400/200 for the production of reinforcing wire with a diameter of 6.0 mm in rolls were studied. For the production of reinforcing wire, vanadium alloyed C – Mn – Si steels, which have two-phase (DP – ferritic-martensitic (bainite)) and multi-phase (MP – ferritic-martensitic (bainite) - pearlitic) microstructures, were used. During thermomechanical controlled rolling, TMCR charts were used, including TLH stacking head temperatures of 1024°C to 1063°C. It was established that the applied rolling modes ensure the formation of the MP microstructure. In this 6.0 mm wire, high tensile strength and ductility indicators were achieved in the bends(YS0.2 = 530-550 MPa; TS = 785-885 MPa; El5 = 15.0 - 29.0 %), which fully corresponded specification requirements of national standards such as ASTM A 615 (USA), JIS G 3112 (Japan) and KSD 3504 (Republic of Korea). Keywords: thermomechanical controlled rolling, wire line, reinforcing wire in bays, V-microalloyed C-Mn-Si-steel, microstructure.
Decarbonization and the energy crisis
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Babachenko O. I. , Nesterov O. S. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Garmash L. I. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify new directions for reducing the share of fossil fuels in the energy balance of industrial production for the possibility of overcoming the energy crisis. Humanity has been living in conditions of an unprecedented energy crisis for the past few years. First, the coronavirus pandemic, then the sharp rise in energy prices and the war in Ukraine unleashed by Russia exacerbated energy consumption problems and increased the need for wider development of alternative energy sources and the latest industrial technologies. In the crisis conditions of 2022 the European Union not only maintained the course for decarbonization, but also accelerates the transformation of the economy and industry, because this contributes to energy independence and security. Two way strategies are being developed in the energy sector - diversification through the distribution and balance of energy sources, which guarantee the security of the entire energy system, and decarbonization as a course to gradually abandon traditional energy sources (natural gas, oil, coal, peat), reducing carbon dioxide emissions and transition to renewable sources (solar radiation, wind, sea tides, biomass). Environmentally friendly hydrogen is considered one of the key components of the future energy system. The main directions of the European Strategy in the field of hydrogen are analyzed, and a number of fundamental documents of the EU energy policy adopted in 2022 are presented. Today, ferrous metallurgy is one of the largest sources of emissions, so the task of changing the course to production with a low level of emissions and a carbon-neutral sector is for it one of the most relevant. The potential of hydrogen as a fuel and reducing agent has been known for a long time, but now its role in decarbonization at all stages of metallurgical production is becoming more and more significant. Several large research programs on hydrogen production and reduction of iron oxides have been launched in the world. Based on the deep modernization of production capacities and energy systems, as well as the introduction of new innovative methods, the amount of current annual emissions during steel production can be reduced by 15-20%. Further reductions to 1.0 t CO2/t steel are possible with new technologies such as blast furnace gas recirculation, oxygen blast furnace, maximum replacement of coke with biomass and by replacing carbon with hydrogen in reductants and fuels such as natural gas and coke gas. The energy crisis can become a "window of opportunity", developing new directions for reducing the share of fossil fuels in the energy balance.
Energy-saving softening heat treatment of alloy steels
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lutsenko V. A. , Golubenko T. M. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lutsenko O. V. ,   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the work was to research ways to reduce the duration of the intermediate heat treatment mode of alloy steels while ensuring the required level of properties and reducing energy costs. For further mechanical processing of alloy rolled metal, it is necessary to obtain the original rolled product with a structure that has high plasticity and low hardness. In order to achieve the required mechanical properties, a special softening heat treatment is carried out - annealing at subcritical temperatures (A1 - 25...40 °С) with a long exposure. Thanks to annealing, structural transformations take place and the resulting structure has a granular morphology. Research has established that in steels with a mixed structure during annealing, structural transformations begin with thermodynamically less stable structures. For medium-carbon steels alloyed with such elements as chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, increasing the cooling rate after hot rolling by ~1.5 times makes it possible to obtain a structure that is more susceptible to annealing. Thus, for chrome-molybdenum steel, the structure consists of at least 80% bainite, ~15% ferrite and 5% pearlite. For chromium molybdenum vanadium steel, the basis of the structure is bainite (~90%), martensite (~5%) and ferrite (up to 5%). In the resulting structures, upon subsequent annealing, structural transformations occur at reduced temperatures and require a shorter exposure time. The values of hardness and strength of the studied steels processed under the reduced regime decrease by 15-30%, and the plasticity indicators increase by ~50%. Obtaining such a structure after rolling makes it possible to speed up the intermediate thermal softening treatment, thereby reducing energy costs, and ensuring high plasticity of steel before mechanical processing (stamping, forging, etc.)
Separation of bulk material under working surface vertical vibrations
Authors:   National Technical University ", Franchuk V. P. ,   Dnipro Polytechnic", Antsyferov O. V. ,   National Technical University "Dnipro Polytechnic"
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this work is to calculate the process of separation of particles of loose material in a layer under the action of vertical or spatial vibrations. This effect still does not have a satisfactory theoretical explanation. Well-known works, which consider the qualitative characteristics of "rising" or "sinking" of particles, have a phenomenological approach. There is also a probabilistic approach to this problem without taking into account the characteristics of particles and vibration parameters. In this work, bulk material is considered as having particles of different sizes and densities. As a hypothesis, it is assumed that the particles have a spherical shape, the amplitude of harmonic low-frequency vibrations of the surface is proportional to the size of the main mass of the particles, at the moment of separation from the surface, all particles are given the same speed, but a different amount of energy, which is proportional to their mass. The friction coefficient between the particles is also taken into account. According to the calculation of the trajectory of the particles and their position at the end of the separation movement, the trajectories of the main mass of particles are compared with those that differ in size or density. Calculation of the trajectories for a series of detachment movements of the studied particles allows to determine the speed of the separation process, that is, the speed of their advancement in the material layer. It is shown that the speed of distribution of particles depends on the difference in size, density of individual particles, frequency and amplitude of vertical oscillations.
Doctor of technical science V. V. Verenov’s scientific activity
Authors:   Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Muraviova I. H.
Published: May 2023

On the occasion of the 85th anniversary, which will take place on April 7, 2023, an outline of V. V. Verenyov's scientific activities while working at the Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine is presented.
Variabilidad en la Práctica para Desarrollar las Cualidades Coordinativas de Tenistas en Formación
Authors: Sanz David , Fernandez Jaime , Zierof Pedro , Méndez Alberto
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo se expone una metodología de trabajo transversal para el desarrollo de las diferentes capacidades coordinativas aplicadas al tenis. Consideramos que este trabajo tiene una gran relevancia dada la implicación cognitiva que se supone en la realización de las diferentes cualidades coordinativas. El jugador de tenis está en la pista llevando a cabo constantemente una serie de actuaciones técnicas, con implicación de las diferentes cualidades coordinativas, pero también se encuentra en un proceso continuo de toma de decisiones “contaminado” por una incertidumbre constante. Parece, pues, una realidad incuestionable que la especificidad de las tareas planteadas en el proceso de entrenamiento es una variable determinante para obtener el éxito en el mismo. Esta especificidad en el planteamiento de tareas, viene determinada por el conocimiento que tiene el entrenador de los aprendizajes fundamentales, y de su oportuna secuenciación a lo largo del proceso de entrenamiento.
A Case Report of Phenytoin-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Syedraja K. , Karthikeyan U. , Tamilselvan S.
Published: May 2023

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic epidermal necrosis are acute, self-limited diseases, rare but life-threatening adverse drug reactions. Anti-epileptic drug-induced Steven-Johnson syndrome is a severe cutaneous adverse reaction, among anti-epileptic drugs carbamazepine and phenytoin are the major culprit. We report here a case of Steven-Johnson syndrome due to phenytoin. A 22-year-old female reported the chief complaint of fever and multiple rashes all over the body with skin peeling, gradual onset, and progressive in nature. The reaction was evoked after intake of T. Phenytoin for 1 ½ months. She started heavy skin eruption all over the body for 15 days. She was treated with corticosteroids, anti-microbial, and anti-fungal agents. Healthcare providers must carefully regard the adverse effect of the drug, especially the one that is Steven-Johnson syndrome which is a potentially fatal condition. The most commonly prescribed drug regimen should also be used and continuously monitored to prevent adverse drug reactions.

Keywords: Steven-Johnson syndrome, Adverse drug reaction, Phenytoin, Skin eruption
General characteristics of the incidence of rabbits with helminthiasis in private subsidiary farms of Primorsky Krai
Authors:   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Kolina Yulia , Kamlia Igor ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Momot Nadezhda ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Terebova Svetlana ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy
Published: May 2023

The development of rabbit breeding in Russia has unstable dynamics.In dif- ferent years, there has been both rapid development and a decline in this branch of animal husbandry. Despite the fact that the cultivation of rabbits is economically profitable, in the event of diseases, there is a mass death of animals, often reaching up to 100%. Infectious and invasive diseases occupy the first place in the private sector in terms of the frequency of occurrence. Worm infestations often do not have pronounced signs, but they can serve as a source of disease among farm animals and humans. In our work, we considered the most common helminthic diseases of rabbits in the Primorsky Territory.
Features of the course of prostate cancer in intact and castrated males
Authors:   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky, Mychko Tatiana , Silkin Ivan ,   Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A. A. Yezhevsky
Published: May 2023

This study examines the features of the diagnosis and pathogenesis of prostate cancer in males kept in the conditions of the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. The study mainly focuses on cancer in intact and castrated males, however, indicators such as breed and concomitant diseases are also considered. As a result of the conducted studies, it was noted that prostate cancer was most often found in males, dachshund breeds (7 individuals, 14.29%), Yorkshire terrier (6 individuals, 12.24%), mestizo (12 individuals, 24.49%). When studying the sexual activity of males, it was noted that among individuals diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma, only sexually intact ones were found. As for concomitant dis- eases, 49 males were diagnosed with the following diseases: urethritis (12%), cystitis (22%), pyelonephritis (24%), chronic renal failure (19%), chronic prostatitis (26%).
Diagnosis and treatment of acute catarrhal endometritis of cows in private subsidiary farms serviced by “Arsenyevskaya VSBBZH”
Authors:   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Kamliya Igor , Momot Nadezhda ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Kolina Yulia ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy, Terebova Svetlana ,   Primorsky State Agricultural Academy
Published: May 2023

The reproductive function of animals is the ability to reproduce their own kind. Due to certain features and difficulties in implementation, reproduction of dairy cattle has been the object of scientific and practical research by veterinary specialists for many years. In our work, we diagnose and treat cows with acute catarrhal endometritis in the conditions of personal subsidiary farms serviced by the KGB “Arsenyevskaya VSBBZH”. The methodological basis of the conducted scientific research was an integrated approach to the problem under study, consisting in the use of classical and modern methods of research and comparative analysis.
Agroecologia e Educação Ambiental no contexto da gestão escolar: compartilhando experiências com jovens estudantes da UMEIEF Maria Leite Rafael no município de Sumé-PB.
Authors:   , Florêncio Siqueira Dayany
Published: May 2023

Atividades educacionais voltadas para práticas de conservação ambiental podem promover uma melhora da qualidade de vida de jovens agricultores familiares promovendo cada vez mais o crescimento e integração social. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo, qualificar e acompanhar jovens estudantes do ensino fundamental, permitindo que estes desenvolvam atividades sustentáveis na região do Cariri paraibano. A pesquisa foi executada na Unidade Municipal de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental Maria Leite Rafael, localizada no município de Sumé-PB, onde participaram 49 alunos de duas turmas do quarto ano, com idade entre 9 a 11 anos, durante o período de maio a dezembro de 2019. Foram aplicados módulos com os seguintes temas: Introdução a agroecologia; Utilização de técnicas agroecológicas na produção vegetal; Produção de mudas nativas, Alternativas sustentáveis para o armazenamento de sementes; e Elaboração e condução de projetos agroecológicos. As mesmas, foram divididas em dois momentos: um presencial através de vídeos, desenhos didáticos, roda de conversa, aulas e dinâmicas e o outro com aulas práticas onde os alunos colocaram em prática os conhecimentos adquiridos ao longo da pesquisa. Foram desenvolvidas diversas atividades com os alunos envolvidos, onde foram testados os conhecimentos adquiridos pelos mesmos. A utilização de metodologias participativas se apresenta como técnicas e instrumentos, que podem subsidiar para a mudança de paradigmas, pois os atores envolvidos fazem parte da construção do conhecimento, permitindo que conceitos antigos sejam quebrados. Assim, a pesquisa, apresentou uma proposta de envolvimento coletivo para desenvolvimento local da comunidade, aliada à utilização de práticas agroecológicas. Nesse sentido, o trabalho realizado com os jovens educandos promoveu o início de uma nova mudança, sendo estes, agentes da disseminação de novos conhecimentos, permitindo assim, que práticas sustentáveis sejam aos poucos inseridas em suas áreas de cultivo, diminuindo a degradação ambiental.
Risk Factors on the Adverse Events of Sedation for Diagnostic Tests in Pediatric: A Retrospective Case–Control Analysis
Authors:   Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.136 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400014, China., Tang Wen
Published: May 2023

Background: This report intended to identify the peri-sedation risk factors associated with the adverse events of sedation for diagnostic tests in pediatric. Methods: This retrospective case study was approved by the local ethics committee and informed consent was waived. To investigate the risk factors for adverse events, we reviewed the medical records of 1182 pediatric patients receiving sedation from July 2016 to Oct 2021.
Erroneous Laboratory Reports - Leading to Catastrophic Patient Outcome
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesia, KIMS Hubli, India., S Kurdi Madhuri
Published: May 2023

In recent years, increased timely and accurate laboratory test results are being produced and this has led to the clinical laboratory being recognized as the nerve centre of the diagnostic process [1]. Laboratory test results play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of a patient. Approximately 60–70% of medical decisions related to diagnosis and treatment depend on them [2].
Coexistence of Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (Carcinoid Type) and Rathke’s Cleft Cysts in the Sella; A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Gifu University, Gifu, Japan., Mori Hideki
Published: May 2023

Intracranial Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (NET) is extremely rare. Herein, we report a very rare case of collision of primary NET (carcinoid type) and Rathkes cleft cysts (RCCs) in the sellar region. A 57-year-old man received a medical checkup and notified a possibility of pituitary neoplasm. However, he did not have any symptoms suggesting intracranial neoplasm, and kept follow up observation.
Effectiveness of Edamame (Glycine max L. Merril) Membrane in Accelerating The Wound Healing Process of Deep-Partial Thickness Burn
Authors: SUTEJO Ika
Published: May 2023

The gold standard for deep-partial thickness burns is early excision and skin graft; however, many hospitals in Indonesia still use conventional treatment due to the high cost of surgery and the requirement of qualified medical professionals. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of edamame (Glycine max. L Merill) membrane as therapeutic innovation in deep-partial thickness burns. Forty-eight male Wistar rats with deep-partial thickness burns were assigned randomly to four groups, including control and treatment (silver sulfadiazine, the membrane with 40% and 60% edamame extract). Measuring wound healing parameters such as macroscopic evaluation, histopathologic, and hydroxyproline was examined on days 4, 10, and 16. Treatment groups of membrane edamame significantly improved wound healing than the control group. Macroscopically, histopathological findings and hydroxyproline assay confirmed the efficacy of the edamame membrane at 60%, which provided the best healing results. This study showed that edamame membrane is effective as deep-partial thickness burns wound dressing.
Determination of Multi-Elemental Analysis and Antioxidant Activities of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench Species
Authors: UMAZ Adil , UMAZ Kader , AYDIN Fırat , AYDIN Işıl
Published: May 2023

In this study, multi-elemental analysis and antioxidant activity of samples belonging to different locations of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench known as the immortal flower was determined. The results obtained were compared within themselves. The Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Na, Li, Be, B, Ti, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mo, and Pb element contents of the sample belonging to the B location were determined that were higher than that of the other location. The K, V, Mn, Co, Cu, As, Se, Sn, and Ba element contents of the sample belonging to the G location were determined that were higher than that of the other location. When the antioxidant activity results of the species were evaluated; according to the CUPRAC (Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) method, the sample extracts of the B and G locations were determined that showed lower activity than the standard BHA, BHT, and Trolox values at 20 and 40 µg/mL concentrations, and showed close activity compared to the standards at 80 µg/mL concentrations. The species was determined that be antioxidant activity even at low concentrations. According to the DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) method, the antioxidant activity of the extract of the B and G locations was determined as 22.95 and 23.76 mg TE/mL, respectively. According to the results of the bivariate analysis of the species; considering the p < 0.01 and 0.05 confidence level of the sample belonging to the B location, it was determined that the strongest correlation was between Na and Al (r = -0.888), and the strongest correlation of the sample belonging to the G location was between Al and B (r = 0.844).
A Study on Dismantling and Convergence of Genre Boundaries in Turkish Literature: Aspects of Crossover between Novel and Myth in The Red Haired Woman
Authors:   The Institute of Middle East, Lee Nan-A
Published: May 2023

Orhan Pamuk combines different mythological genres into The Red Haired Woman and modernizes traditional themes like the father's absence, submission to and rebellion against the father's authority, and fate in the father-son relationship. The theme of the Greek story Oedipus is “killing a father”, and the Persian myth of Rustem and Shihrab is “murder of a son”, with contrasting motives. The lack of a father unites the two narratives, despite their seeming contradictions. We can witness how the novel is born from the myth as the main character Cem's life crossovers with the myths in various ways. Both novels and myths reflect the universal love-hate relationship between father and son, but what is new is that Pamuk reinterprets motifs such as father-son love, conflicts and death through the main characters of modern novels.
Treatment of Subclinical Hypothyroidism; A Review of Literature
Authors: Mughal Asad Ali , Abbas Syed Taha , Asad Huma , Zubair Muhammed , Mujeeb Ramsha
Published: May 2023

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a disorder without any symptoms related with an elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration > 4 mIU/l and normal T4 and T3 concentrations. It is communal in the elderly and particularly in females, with prevalence of about 11%. Some studies show no effect of the treatment, while others have found it to be beneficial, since normal TSH levels can be above 7.5 mIU/L in the elderly. As a result of these findings, the best treatment for SCH, especially in elderly patients, has been criticized. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the latest literature on the subject in order to assess the available evidence regarding this controversy in order to determine whether and under what conditions treatment of SCH is essential and how it can be prevented. Methods: To better understand the ongoing debate regarding the treatment of SCH, a Medline search of the English-language literature was held between 2015 and 2022 using the terms subclinical hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism, treatment and prevention, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and cardiac failure. From this search, 38 articles with relevant material were selected. Results: When the data from these studies were combined, it was found that normal TSH levels increased with age, from 4 to 7.5 mIU/L in subjects under 75 years of age. Levothyroxine supplementation has also shown marked effects on the metabolic and clinical features of SCH, including decline in cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and mortality, although many of the peer-reviewed articles exhibited no treatment benefit. The drug works best in younger people who also experience fewer side effects. Conclusions: Younger patients with TSH > 4.0 mIU/l should be treated for SCH based on available data. Treatment must be modified according to the TSH levels and existence of symptoms, and should be started with a TSH level of 10 mIU/L with moderate doses to minimize adversative cardiovascular complications in elderly patients. Keywords: subclinical, discussion, thyroxine, treatment, hypothyroidism, hypertension, thyrotropin, dyslipidemia, heart failure, cardiovascular diseases, prevention.
Mid-Term Clinical and Echocardiographic Outcomes of Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Commissurotomy in Patients with Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Hashmi Muhammad Omer , Abid Subtain Ul Hassan , Khan Bahauddin , Iqbal Hamid , Khatoon Fahmida
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Mitral stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of the mitral valve, which regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the mid-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Material and Methods: The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. The study included a total of 70 patients who underwent percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) between 1st January 2022 and 30th June 2022. Results: A total of 70 patients who underwent PTMC at Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, between 1st January 2022 and 30th June 2022 were included in this retrospective observational study. The mean age of the patients was 39.2 ± 12.8 years, and 52 (74.3%) were females. The mean mitral valve area (MVA) prior to PTMC was 0.9 ± 0.2 cm^2 that increased to 1.8 ± 0.3 cm^2 after the procedure, and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). The immediate success rate of PTMC was 94.3%, while the mid-term success rate was 90%. Conclusion: In conclusion, percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Our study showed that PTMC resulted in a significant improvement in mitral valve area, trans-mitral pressure gradient, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and clinical symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and palpitations. Keywords: Mitral stenosis, PTMC, Patients, Procedures, MVA
Effect of No-Reflow During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction on Six-Month Mortality
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Farooq Muhammad Umar , Iqbal Hamid , Kazmi Syed Imran Ahmed , Aqeel Iffat , Khan Bakht Umar
Published: May 2023

Background: No-reflow is a serious complication that can occur during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). No-reflow is a frequent event during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and it may affect cardiac prognosis. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the effect of no-reflow during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction on six-month mortality. Methods: This study was conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad over a period of six months (1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022). A total of 130 patients who underwent primary PCI for AMI were included. The occurrence of no-reflow during the procedure was noted, and six-month mortality was recorded. Results: Of the 130 patients included in the study, 34 (26.2%) developed no-reflow during PPCI. The mean age of the patients was 58.5 ± 9.6 years, and 73.8% were male. The most common risk factors for AMI were hypertension (52.3%), smoking (45.4%), and diabetes (36.2%). There were no significant differences in baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics between patients with and without no-reflow. Conclusions: The occurrence of no-reflow during primary PCI for AMI is associated with a higher six-month mortality rate. Further research is needed to explore strategies to prevent or mitigate the occurrence of no-reflow during primary PCI for AMI. Keywords: AMI, No-reflow, Mortality, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
Visual Results of Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin) Treatment for Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion a Multi Center Study
Authors: Sethi Muhammad Junaid , Khan Umer , Junaid Natasha , Gul Nazli , Ullah Ishan , Israr Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate the visual outcomes in patients with branch retinal vein obstruction after intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) injection. Study Location and Duration:, Department of Ophthalmology Abaseen hospital and Khyber medical center Peshawar from January 2019 to January 2022 both department conducted this multi-center study. Methodology: Patients with BRVO received at least one intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection of 1.25 mg in 0.05 ml. Snellen visual acuity tests, Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA), and Optical Coherence Tomography were used to assess the patients (OCT). A complete eye exam was conducted before treatment began, and monthly follow-up examinations were scheduled for the following six months. Results: The total number of patients and eyes was 78, with a mean age of 60. (SD 15.1). The average number of Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) injections administered to patients was four (SD 1.40) per eye. There were no negative consequences observed. Before treatment, the average central macular thickness was 568 microns, but after three months it was only 370 microns (p0.001), and by six months it had decreased to 290 microns. Three months later, the average acuity was much better than at the start (p=0.001), with log MAR = 0.30 (SD 0.22). During the most recent 6-month follow-up, the mean visual acuity was log MAR = 0.40 (SD 0.23), better than the baseline value (p 0.001). Overall, 44 eyes showed an improvement in their vision. Conclusion: Intravitreal Bevacizumab intravitreally for branch retinal vein occlusion improves vision. Bevacizumab intravitreally enhances visual acuity, macular edema, and ischemia. Bevacizumab reduces the risk of vision-threatening vitreous hemorrhage and neovascularization. Hence, Bevacizumab improves vision and treats branch retinal vein occlusion effectively. Keywords: Intravitreal Bevacizumab (Avastin), Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO), Visual Acuity Improvement, Macular Ischemia Relief. Retinal Neovascularization Reduction
Patients with Ethambutol-Induced Ocular Toxicity Receiving "Directly Observed Treated Short-Course"
Authors: Sethi Muhammad Junaid , Khan Umer , Junaid Natasha , Gul Nazli , Ullah Ishan , Israr Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Objective: Determine the total number of Category-1 patients with ocular toxicity from Ethambutol after DOTS therapy. Methodology: This study conducted in department of Ophthalmology of abaseen hospital and Khyber medical center Peshawar over the one year, from May 2021 to April 2022 included Category-1 TB patients (both genders) aged 14 and 65 who had normal ocular parameters on an ophthalmological examination when starting DOTS treatment. The frequency of any vision change, optical symptom, including color vision, contrast sensitivity while receiving Ethambutol medication was examined in 240 eyes (120 patients). At the end of the first month and again at the end of the second month of therapy, Each patient's compliance with Ethambutol was examined, and all tests for ocular toxicity were repeated for each chosen patient. The study did not include patients in category-2 with positive sputum smears who had relapsed, had therapy fail, or was getting treatment after a break in treatment. Results: Out of 120 patients (240 eyes), 62 (51.6%) of them were male, and 58 (48.4%) of them were female patients. After a month, there was no sign of ocular toxicity. Ocular toxicity, on the other hand, appeared in 3 (2.5%) of the patients after the second month. Moreover, these three patients showed decreased visual acuity, poor color vision, decreased contrast sensitivity, and optic disc abnormalities. Conclusion: Patients with tuberculosis who use Ethambutol are at risk of developing ocular toxicity. As a result, it is essential to identify visual symptoms and signs as soon as possible to avoid unnecessary diagnostic delays and maybe irreversible vision loss. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Color Vision, Contrast Sensitivity, Optic Disc, Ethambutol-induced ocular toxicity, visual acuity, treatment strategies
Impact of Evaluation of Tumour Grade by Core Needle Biopsy on Clinical Risk Assessment and Patient Selection for Adjuvant Systemic Treatment in Breast Cancer
Authors: Ali Saqib , Saeed Syeda Javeriya , Zahid Sadaf , Rashid Isbah , Khatoon Fahmida , Altamimi Tahani Nasser
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. The prognosis and treatment of breast cancer depend largely on various prognostic factors, including tumour grade, hormone receptor status, and HER2/neu overexpression. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the impact of evaluation of tumour grade by core needle biopsy on clinical risk assessment and patient selection for adjuvant systemic treatment in breast cancer Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Services Hospital, Lahore during January 2020 to January 2021. The study participants were women with breast cancer who underwent core needle biopsy for tumour grade evaluation at a single institution during the study period. Results: Of the 70 patients included in the study, the mean age was 58 years (range, 32-85 years), and the majority were postmenopausal (60%). Most patients had invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) (85%), and the remainder had invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) (15%). Most patients had stage II (45%) or stage III (35%) breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. All patients underwent core needle biopsy for tumour grade evaluation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study supports the use of core needle biopsy as a reliable method for evaluating tumour grade in breast cancer patients. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients who are treated based on tumour grade assessed by core needle biopsy.