bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Approach to Treatment-Resistant Depression: Addressing Gender Disparities, Psychotherapy Integration, and Emerging Avenues
Authors: Bozdogan Aysesu
Published: January 2025

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) poses a significant challenge, affecting up to 60% of patients who do not respond to standard antidepressant treatments (Fava, 2003). Gender disparities in TRD are evident, with women experiencing higher prevalence rates and greater responsiveness to treatments compared to men (Patel et al., 2024; Angst et al., 2002). The inconsistent definition of TRD complicates treatment approaches, highlighting the importance of incorporating psychotherapy into treatment plans and achieving a consensus on TRD criteria (Markowitz et al., 2022; Gaynes et al., 2020). Psychotherapies, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), have shown efficacy in TRD, challenging the traditional focus on pharmacological interventions alone (Markowitz et al., 2022; Eisendrath et al., 2011). Emerging research on the gut-brain axis and the role of psychobiotics offers a promising new avenue for TRD treatment, with potential benefits in neurotransmitter regulation and inflammation reduction (Skowron et al., 2022; Palepu & Dandekar, 2022). A holistic, personalised approach integrating these diverse strategies is essential to improving TRD outcomes and patient quality of life.
Service Evaluation: Staff Experiences of Peer-Led CPD Sessions in a Community Psychology Family Team
Authors: Juggernauth Priam , Hanrachtaigh Éanna Ó , Ghelani Shreena
Published: January 2025

CPD research is abundant in nursing and medical fields but limited in mental health. This study addresses the gap by exploring peer-led CPD experiences in a psychology family safeguarding team. Seven participants took part in semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis revealed three main themes: staff experiences, learning opportunities, and suggestions. Participants reported positive experiences and incidental learning within peer-led CPD sessions. Participants noted power dynamics within staff hierarchy, and highlighted areas for improvement, including adherence to best practice guidelines. Ten recommendations include CPD logging clarity, greater systemic therapy content, face-to-face sessions, and stronger links between CPD content and patient impact..
Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Melalui Kegiatan Posyandu Balita, Remaja, Lansia, dan Kunjungan Ibu Hamil untuk Mencegah Stunting
Authors: Syarif Ahmad , Mustangin Kharis , Fadloli Aziz , Mutamami Luthfia , Januarva Tegar , Fahrudin Aziz , Mukaromah Gita Aprilia , Faozah Anisa , Permana Nadiasta Hangga
Published: January 2025

Kuliah Kerja Nyata Universitas Ma’arif Nahdlatul Ulama Kebumen merupakan wujud nyata dari tugas mahasiswa untuk memenuhi tugas wajib dari kampus dengan dosen pembimbing kuliah kerja nyata. Melalui kegiatan KKN di Desa Gumingsir, maka terjadi interaksi antara mahasiswa dengan masyarakat sebagai wujud pengabdian masyarakat. Tujuan dari kegiatan yang dilakukan di Desa Gumingsir ini adalah sebagai salah satu bentuk pengabdian kepada warga Desa Gumingsir dan sebagai program kerja tambahan. Hasil yang dicapai dari keseluruhan Program KKN diantaranya kegiatan posyandu balita, dewasa dan kunjungan ibu hamil untuk mencegah stunting, yang dilaksanakan di setiap dusun di Desa Gumingsir sebagai bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Posyandu merupakan upaya pemerintah untuk menyediakan pelayanan kesehatan yang terjangkau bagi masyarakat, terutama bagi kelompok rentan seperti ibu hamil, balita, dan lansia. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu dan anak serta mencegah stunting. Posyandu balita dilaksanakan dengan kegiatan berupa pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, melakukan pengisian pada buku KIA balita, dan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pencegahan stunting. Kegiatan bertempat di Posyandu, Desa Gumingsir.
Optimalisasi Ekonomi Hijau melalui Pertanian Organik dan Teknologi Hidroponik: Studi Kasus Desa Tanjung Hutan
Authors: Hardiani  , Hastuti Dwi , Parmadi  , Junaidi  , Hodijah Siti
Published: January 2025

Desa Tanjung Hutan memiliki potensi besar dalam pengembangan pertanian berkelanjutan yang sejalan dengan konsep ekonomi hijau. Namun, tantangan dalam mengadopsi praktik pertanian ramah lingkungan masih menjadi kendala utama. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk menggali potensi pertanian organik dan teknologi hidroponik sebagai alternatif yang berkelanjutan dan efisien dalam konteks Desa Tanjung Hutan. Diharapkan bahwa dengan menerapkan teknologi ini, Desa Tanjung Hutan dapat memperbaiki kualitas hidup masyarakatnya sambil meminimalkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Selain itu, pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang potensi ekonomi hijau dan kemungkinan pelaksanaannya dalam konteks lokal. Luaran yang ditargetkan dari pengabdian ini termasuk rekomendasi kebijakan yang dapat diimplementasikan oleh pemerintah daerah atau lembaga terkait untuk mendukung transformasi pertanian menuju model yang lebih berkelanjutan. Selain itu, diharapkan adanya panduan praktis untuk petani dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya di Desa Tanjung Hutan dalam menerapkan teknologi hidroponik dan praktik pertanian organik. Melalui pengabdian ini, diharapkan dapat dibangun pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang keterkaitan antara ekonomi hijau, pertanian organik, dan teknologi hidroponik di Desa Tanjung Hutan.
Academic Writing Difficulties Among EFL Kurdish Undergraduates: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Sabir Gyaband Shera , Saeed Karwan Mustafa , Pathan Zahid Hussain
Published: January 2025

Mastering writing in a foreign language remains one of the most formidable challenges for language learners. This study mainly seeks to elucidate the difficulties Kurdish English-majoring undergraduates encounter in academic writing. Although academic writing is a pivotal skill demonstrating students' ability to communicate ideas effectively and engage in critical thinking, EFL students often encounter significant difficulties in this domain. Utilizing thematic analysis, this investigation employed a qualitative method and used one-on-one interviews with 10 university instructors. The findings revealed that students' challenges predominantly stem from linguistic, cultural, and psychological factors. Further, the difficulties were caused by the impact of educational background and psychological and motivational barriers, in response, instructors have proposed solutions including targeted instruction and practice, expanding vocabulary stock and the necessity for Feedback. This article discusses the implications of these findings for teaching and learning academic writing in the EFL Kurdish context and provides seminal recommendations for future research.
Embedding L2 Proficiency Pedagogy into ESOL Teacher Education
Authors: Hibbs Brian
Published: January 2025

This article considers an exploratory study designed to understand the relevancy of a course unit on L2 proficiency to pre-service ESOL teachers’ understanding of the nature of the concept of proficiency and their awareness of strategies for developing multilingual learners’ proficiency in English in their own instructional contexts. The article begins with an exploration of the concept of proficiency and its relevancy for ESOL teacher education and summarizes previous studies concerning the development of L2 proficiency in English among language learners and language educators. The article then describes the logistics of the course unit on L2 proficiency and the data collection and analysis procedures for the study. Finally, the article reviews preliminary findings emerging from the study and proposes avenues for further research along with recommendations for ESOL teacher educators.
Alfabetização de jovens e adultos no brasil: desafios e possibilidades
Authors: Moreira Meyre Ane Sampaio
Published: January 2025

Este artigo explora a questão da alfabetização de jovens e adultos no Brasil, abordando as políticas públicas existentes e suas limitações. A pesquisa se propôs a investigar a eficácia da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), buscando compreender como o processo de alfabetização pode melhorar as condições de vida e a participação social dos sujeitos egressos do Tempo de Aprendizagem I (TAP I). O referencial teórico é fundamentado nas obras de Freire e outros autores que defendem a educação como um direito fundamental e um veículo de conscientização crítica, ao mesmo tempo em que situam os estudantes em um contexto de exclusão social e histórica. A metodologia inclui um estudo de caso com múltiplas técnicas de coleta de dados, como entrevistas, questionários, observação e análise documental, permitindo uma compreensão abrangente das experiências dos participantes. Os resultados mostram que, embora os alunos da EJA enfrentem desafios como discriminação social, por exemplo, eles identificam na educação uma ferramenta poderosa para a superação e emancipação. A pesquisa ainda destaca a carência de formação específica para os professores da EJA como uma barreira para a eficácia do processo de alfabetização. Em sua conclusão, o estudo argumenta que um modelo de alfabetização realmente eficaz deve levar em conta o contexto social dos estudantes e valorizar suas experiências.
State estimation for wind turbine systems
Authors: Meziane Mohammed , Boulouiha Houari Merabet , Allali Ahmed , Neggaz Radia Adda
Published: January 2025

Wind Energy Systems is an area of research which is maturing rapidly due to the concern of long term global energy consumption, currently systems and dynamics research is ongoing in modeling and identification primarily for controller design, state estimation, fault detection and diagnosis. This paper presents a method to estimate and identify a wind turbine mathematical model, which includes structural deformation (the growth of wind turbine size, the loads wind turbine…) and aerodynamic effects. Finding a mathematical model that would be a good representation of the wind turbine system and at the same time suitable for controller design is a very difficult task for wind turbine system is strongly nonlinear. To get an estimate and an identification since of the mathematical model, we used a model detection algorithm, namely the autoregressive method and eigensystem realization algorithm. To improve the state prediction, we used optimal filtering by using the Kalman filter.
Avaliação da toxicidade dérmica de uma formulação hidrogel de Goma Guar contendo Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M2
Authors: Alves Ademilton Costa , Martins Júnior Sergio Murilo da Silva Braga , Silva Lucas dos Santos , Belo José Victor Trindade , Lemos Mauro Victor Castro , Silva Raphael Guedes , Sousa Joicy Cortez de Sá , Silva Luís Cláudio Nascimento da
Published: January 2025

Os custos elevados do tratamento de lesões epiteliais, a crescente resistência microbiana e os efeitos colaterais de terapias convencionais destacam a necessidade de novas abordagens terapêuticas. Nesse cenário, a bioprospecção de compostos bioativos e produtos biotecnológicos ganham relevância. Biomateriais como polissacarídeos têm apresentado excelente destaque. E formulações como os hidrogéis, que podem funcionar como sistemas de administração de medicamentos e curativos inteligentes que respondem a estímulos como pH, temperatura e luz, revelam ser aplicações importantes, mundialmente.  Entre suas possíveis combinações promissoras estão os probióticos, principalmente as bactérias ácido-láticas, que apresentam potencial para estimular o sistema imunológico e combater vírus, bactérias e fungos. Um exemplo interessante de polímero para o desenvolvimento de produtos probióticos tópicos é a goma guar, derivada da semente da leguminosa Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, que se destaca por ser um polissacarídeo hidrofílico com propriedades gelificantes e espessantes. Tais produtos necessitam apresentar um efetivo controle de segurança de seus usos, qualidade avaliada pela análise da toxicidade dérmica, a partir dos resultados de testes in vivo, em camundongos, por exemplo. O presente estudo buscou avaliar a toxicidade dérmica de uma formulação desenvolvida de hidrogel à base de goma guar contendo Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M2. A metodologia empregada, envolveu a avaliação da toxicidade da formulação, a toxicidade dérmica por dose repetida, análises dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos e ainda a análises histopatológicas da pele tratada dos camundongos. Os resultados indicaram ausência de irritação, toxicidade ou alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas, reforçando a segurança e eficácia da formulação.
Impactos dos eventos hidrometeorológicos na infraestrutura rodoviária do Estado Pará
Authors: Carneiro Adrielle Pena Lopes , Rocha Edson Jose Paulino da , Santos Flavio Augusto Altieri dos , Santos Josiane Sarmento dos , Barreto Cairo Eduardo Carvalho , Almeida Gabrielle Silene dos Santos , Silva Junior João de Athaydes
Published: January 2025

A infraestrutura rodoviária do Pará é essencial para o escoamento de produção, bem como para a mobilidade da população. As rodovias estaduais (PA) e federais (BR) que cortam o estado são afetadas por eventos hidrometeorológicos, que causam danos significativos e interrompe o fluxo de veículos. Este artigo analisa os impactos dos eventos hidrometeorológicos, na infraestrutura rodoviária do estado do Pará. A pesquisa foi baseada em dados de notícias jornalísticas, entre os anos de 2018 e 2023, destacando os rompimentos ocorridos em rodovias federais e estaduais. A metodologia envolveu análises estatísticas e espaciais, mapeando os rompimentos. Os resultados indicaram que rodovias como a BR-010, BR-155, PA-127 e PA-256 foram as mais afetadas por esses eventos, evidenciando a vulnerabilidade da malha rodoviária do estado. A recorrência dos rompimentos viários foi causada por chuvas intensas, comprometendo o tráfego e a economia local, segundo os noticiários. Além disso, o estudo ressaltou a importância de políticas públicas de adaptação às mudanças climáticas, com destaque para o programa federal AdaptaVias, que visa aumentar a resiliência das rodovias brasileiras. Apesar das limitações associados ao uso de dados jornalísticos, o estudo contribui com informações relevantes para a formulação de estratégias de mitigação e adaptação frente aos riscos climáticos que afetam a infraestrutura viária no Pará.
Healthcare Resource Allocation, Machine Learning, and Distributive Justice
Authors: Webb Jamie
Published: January 2025

The literature on the ethics of machine learning in healthcare contains a great deal of work on algorithmic fairness. But a focus on fairness has not been matched with sufficient attention to the relationship between machine learning and distributive justice in healthcare. A significant number of clinical prediction models have been developed which could be used to inform the allocation of scarce healthcare resources. As such, philosophical theories of distributive justice are relevant when considering the ethics of their design and implementation. This paper considers the relationship between machine learning in healthcare and distributive justice with a focus on four aspects of algorithmic design and deployment: the choice of target variable, the model's socio-technical context, the choice of input variables, and the membership of the datasets that models are trained and validated on. Procedural recommendations for how these considerations should be accounted for in the design and implementation of such models follow.
Smoke Machines
Authors: Harris Keith Raymond
Published: January 2025

Emotive artificial intelligences are physically or virtually embodied entities whose behavior is driven by artificial intelligence, and which use expressions usually associated with emotion to enhance communication. These entities are sometimes thought to be deceptive, insofar as their emotive expressions are not connected to genuine underlying emotions. In this paper, I argue that such entities are indeed deceptive, at least given a sufficiently broad construal of deception. But, while philosophers and other commentators have drawn attention to the deceptive threat of emotive artificial intelligences, I argue that such entities also pose an overlooked skeptical threat. In short, the widespread existence of emotive signals disconnected from underlying emotions threatens to encourage skepticism of such signals more generally, including emotive signals used by human persons. Thus, while designing artificially intelligent entities to use emotive signals is thought to facilitate human-AI interaction, this practice runs the risk of compromising human-human interaction.
Reseña: "Creative Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Education"
Authors: MartínezCamacho Humberto
Published: January 2025

El libro "Creative Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Education", editado por Alex Urmeneta y Margarida Romero, presenta una amplia exploración de cómo la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) está transformando el ámbito educativo a través de aplicaciones creativas. La obra está dividida en tres partes y aborda desde aplicaciones generales de IA en educación, pasando por implementaciones específicas en la educación primaria y secundaria, hasta su uso en la educación superior. En cada sección analiza diversos temas que van desde las oportunidades que la IA ofrece para personalizar y mejorar el aprendizaje, hasta los desafíos éticos, técnicos y pedagógicos que surgen con su integración. Además, se enfatiza la importancia de mantener un enfoque centrado en el ser humano, promoviendo una colaboración equilibrada entre humanos y máquinas para potenciar las capacidades educativas sin desplazar el rol fundamental de los educadores.
Learning English as a second language in children from low socioeconomic backgrounds
Authors: Baño Lucio Lilian Elizabeth , Gonzalez-Quiñones Fidel , Pradas Montilla Silvia
Published: January 2025

The learning of English as a second language is a topic of great importance in the Mexican educational context, and language education programs begin in primary education from an early age. This research considers neuropsycholinguistic theoretical backgrounds, and its main objective is to determine, through a quasi-experiment, whether a treatment based on 80% practical exercises and 20% theoretical exercises can improve the average grades of a group of elementary-level students, also identifying the influence of certain factors on the learning of the English language. The main evidence obtained inferentially through a hypothesis test demonstrated that the proposed treatment is effective, and significant correlations are provided that, when interpreted, allow the identification of factors that positively and negatively influence the learning of English.
Planning and Implementation of Educational Institutions at PKBM Sejati Kudus
Authors: Wijayanto Wasis , Aisy Fadia Rohadatul , Fitriyani Dila Eka
Published: January 2025

This research aims to discuss (1) how the planning and implementation of learning at PKBM Sejati, (2) what are the challenges faced in the implementation of education at PKBM Sejati, and (3) how efforts to increase community trust in PKBM Sejati. PKBM as a non-formal education institution plays an important role in providing access to education for people who cannot pursue education in the formal education system. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection techniques were interviews, observation, documentation and library studies. This research reveals that education planning at PKBM Sejati is prepared based on an analysis of community needs, so that programs are offered, such as package A, B, and C equivalency programs and trainings tailored to local needs. The implementation of education at PKBM Sejati is carried out flexibly, with an adaptive approach to the needs of students, and faces challenges such as the lack of motivation to learn from students. This research shows that although PKBM Sejati faces various obstacles, this institution still contributes significantly to increasing access to education and empowering communities through non-formal education.
The Significance of Al-Ghazali's Thought in Contemporary Islamic Education in Indonesia
Authors: Nuryulia Siti , Futuwatuddin Muhammad Ibrohim , Gunawan Agus , Gufron Iffan Ahmad
Published: January 2025

In Indonesia, the Islamic education system frequently encounters a gap between the requests of the modern curriculum and conventional values. Through Al-Ghazali's considerations of balance and Sufism, a more all encompassing approach to instruction can be realized, coming about in understudies who are not as it were savvy people cleverly, but moreover have respectable character. This article points to analyze the significance of Al-Ghazali's contemplations within the current setting of Islamic instruction in Indonesia, as well as how his standards can be coordinates to confront challenges and strengthen students' character within the modern era. With a expressive approach and writing investigation, this paper shows that Al-Ghazali's contemplations stay important and noteworthy within the arrangement of today's Islamic instruction framework. This research uses a literature review or library research to examine various journal reference sources. The research results appear that there are numerous considerations from Al Ghazali to be connected in today's instruction, such as the part of instructors, educational programs administration or choosing learning strategies.
The Role of E-Module in the Teaching and Learning Process in Vocational Secondary Schools (SMK): a Literature Review
Authors: Agustian Dendi , Wardoyo Siswo , Amartha Amelda , Anjani Triska Adelia , Wulansari Tari , Marsanda Elisa
Published: January 2025

The implementation of e-modules in learning at Vocational High Schools (SMK) has become an innovative solution relevant to technological advancements and the demands of Industry 4.0. This article aims to explore the role of e-modules in improving student learning outcomes at SMKs, as well as the challenges and opportunities of their implementation. The methodology used in this research is a systematic literature review, with criteria for selecting relevant articles based on the themes of e-module-based learning, vocational education, and the application of technology in education. The selected articles were analyzed using a content analysis approach to identify trends, benefits, challenges, and outcomes obtained from the implementation of e-modules in SMKs. This research also examines the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approaches in the context of e-modules, which have been shown to enhance student engagement and the mastery of practical competencies required in the workforce. However, challenges such as limited technological infrastructure and teachers' readiness in developing high-quality e-modules still need to be addressed. The analysis results indicate that e-modules can improve the quality of learning at SMKs, but specific strategies are needed to overcome existing barriers to optimize their use.
Contributions to the Neganthropology
Authors: Alves Leão Felipe
Published: January 2025

The present text aims to discuss the proximity between two central concepts in the works of two authors: “syntropic agriculture” and the “Neganthropocene,” respectively in the works of Ernst Götsch and Bernard Stiegler. First, a review of the terminology of the terms “syntropy” and “negentropy” is carried out, establishing that the terms are quasi-synonymous. Secondly, a succinct explanation of syntropic agriculture as an “epistemological key” is offered, one very similar to that of Isabelle Stengers and Ilya Prigogine from Order out of Chaos. Second, an explanation of its origin in indigenous cosmology, as expressed by Viveiros de Castro in Cannibal Metaphysics, is outlined. Syntropic agriculture is one of the ramifications of techniques carried out in agroforestry systems and, therefore, is also called “successional agroforestry systems” (SAFs). It has been used not only for reforestation, but also for small and large-scale agricultural production. The big differences between syntropic agriculture and other agroforestry systems are how the biodiversity of cultivated species is emphasized and how ecological succession is used as a guide to cultivation. That is, syntropic agriculture mimics the processes carried out by ecological succession. The role of human beings is also great, given that the farmer needs to act constantly, intervening in cultivation, sowing, and pruning. Thus, syntropic agriculture establishes the height of syntropy when there is an organization similar to that of a forest, but above all similar to a forest in which man is properly equated. At this point, a parallel is drawn between this model of agriculture and that carried out by Amazonian indigenous peoples, which most likely gave rise to the Amazon Forest.
The Symbiosis Concept Applied to the Human Technological Culture
Authors: Wobbes Theo
Published: January 2025

This article examines the concept of symbiosis as a premise for elucidating the origin of the human-technology relationship. The starting point is the work of the biologist Lynn Margulis, who introduced the concepts symbiosis and symbiogenesis in the biologicalsciences. Her idea is that a long-lasting physical association that as symbiosis may be defined, will eventually by symbiogenesis lead to an evolutionary novelty. From this perspective the human-technology relationship is explained using philosophical ideas of Bernard Stiegler and Helmuth Plessner, who both considered this relationship essential for being human. I explain what is typical about the human life form as it is thought by them. Basically, the difference between the human and other organisms is that in the human, something is moved outside that in animals stayed within. I explicate that this exteriorisation, as it is called by Stiegler, at the same time is an interiorisation. This movement should be considered as a form of endosymbiogenesis by which the long- lasting use of tools was cognitively internalized in mind and body and became eventually a condition for the origin of an organism with a technological culture—the human.
A Moving and Exhausting Cosmos: A Discussion on Entropy
Authors: Nail Thomas , White Joel
Published: January 2025

A discussion between Thomas Nail and Joel White on the philosophical status of entropy. The discussion explores Nail's kinetic materialism, movement, entropy and the notion of exhaustion.
Algebraic structures such as distributive, associativity and boundedness properties via tangent neutrosophic set acting generalized weighted averaging and geometric
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, School of Science, University of Phayao, 19 Moo 2,Tambon Mae Ka, Amphur Mueang, Phayao 56000, Thailand, Aiyared Aiyared ,   Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai-602105, India,   Department of Mathematics, St. Josephs Institute of Technology, OMR, Chennai-600119, India, Palanikumar Murugan , Raman T. T.
Published: January 2025

A novel technique to produce complicated tangent trigonometric (ζ,∂,e) neutrosophic sets is presented in this study. Complex tangent trigonometric (ζ,∂,e) neutrosophic weighted averaging, geometric, generalized weighted averaging, and generalized weighted geometric will all be discussed in this article. We calculated the weighted average and geometric using an aggregating model. The following algebraic methods will be used to further study several sets having significant properties.
Application of AI Deep Learning in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Jianda
Published: January 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumours worldwide, primarily developing on the inner wall of the rectum [1, 2]. Its incidence is closely associated with dietary habits, genetic factors and environmental influences [3]. While early-stage CRC may be asymptomatic, disease progression often leads to abdominal pain, haematochezia, weight loss and fatigue [4]. Consequently, accurate and early diagnosis of CRC is crucial for improving patient survival rates and quality of life.This study aims to comprehensively evaluate and compare different diagnostic methods for colorectal cancer, with a particular focus on the emerging field of AI-enhanced MRI techniques. We hypothesise that the combination of MRI and AI technologies will demonstrate superior diagnostic accuracy and efficiency compared to traditional methods, potentially revolutionising the approach to CRC diagnosis.
Chronic Stress and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Unraveling the Complex Interplay
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue
Published: January 2025

The hippocampus in mammalian brain is one of the first regions experimentally demonstrated for adult neurogenesis, which is the evidence overturned Cajals hypothesis. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) involves the incorporation of newly generated neurons into the innermost granule cell layer (GCL) of the dentate gyrus, and the integration of new neurons into the existing hippocampal circuitry is associated with increased resilience to stress. However, chronic stress, as an upstream factor that can be controlled by neurogenesis, also have counterproductive effects on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Considering the current trend of increasing social chronic stressors and soaring incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD), analyzing the complex interactions between chronic stress and AHN is particularly important.
On-target off-tumor toxicity from HER2-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T cell therapy: current solutions
Authors: Wang Zilei
Published: January 2025

One of the biggest threats to womens lives and health is breast cancer, with HER2+ breast cancer accounting for a significant proportion of cases. This subtype is characterized by aggressive behavior, a high recurrence rate, and generally poor prognosis. While traditional HER2-CAR-T cell therapy has proven to show great success in treating HER2+ breast cancer, it carries the risk of on-target off-tumor toxicity, which could be life-threatening for patients. This review outlines the challenges associated with traditional HER2-CAR-T cell therapy and explores current strategies aimed at mitigating on-target off-tumor toxicity. The review categorizes these strategies into three main approaches, providing a comprehensive overview to help the medical and research community better understand the current state and future directions of HER2-CAR-T cell therapy. By discussing these approaches and the underlying mechanisms that make them effective, this review aims to inspire further innovation in improving existing HER2-CAR-T cell therapies. A thorough understanding of the current challenges and promising avenues for enhancement in HER2-CAR-T cell therapy is essential for advancing future research and clinical applications.
Alzheimer disease: Mechanism and treatments
Authors: Cheng Zonghao
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease, AD, has been a difficult problem for relevant experts and patients since its discovery. As a neurodegenerative disease, it can lead to cognitive decline and seriously affect the patient's life. In recent years, with the aging of the world's population, and the combination of various factors, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease worldwide has been increasing, causing widespread concern in society. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is complex, which is one of the reasons why it is difficult to find an effective treatment until now. Extracellular plaques and intracellular tangles are more important causes of disease. They block communication between nerve cells and cause the death of nerve cells. It makes the patient's brain atrophy, neuroplasticity decline, and ultimately more severe cognitive decline. Most of the current treatments for Alzheimer's disease point to the formation path of plaques and tangles. There are also monoclonal antibody drugs that are more directly directed against plaques. However, almost all of these drugs have disadvantages such as insufficient efficacy or more serious side effects. Most of the drugs used to treat AD can only relieve pathological processes such as cognitive decline in patients, and there is a lack of treatment for patients with more severe symptoms. Most of the current research has been carried out from both pathogenesis and drug development. This article will also review the progress of AD and related research from these two aspects, respectively.
Developing mRNA Vaccines towards Zika virus
Authors: He Bian
Published: January 2025

All mRNA vaccines as a relatively newly developed branch of vaccine have shown a great prosperous future. Unique from the traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines are fundamentally different in mechanism when promoting immunity for the body. This optimism is built on recently published studies demonstrating the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in combatting several types of cancer and infectious pathogens where conventional vaccine platforms may fail to induce protective immune responses. Traditional vaccines often contain a weakened or inactivated virus that our body can recognize as a real virus without putting us in danger, whereas the mRNA vaccine only carries out the instructions for our body to produce certain types of proteins that counter the virus. With the new Covid vaccine as a great representative, mRNA vaccines carry the genetic codes in messenger RNAs for proteins to recognize the need to build immunity for the virus. One of the most significant developments in progress includes the mRNA vaccine for Zika virus, a single-stranded RNA virus that can cause birth defects and is currently no cure or definite prevention. This review summarizes recent developments in mRNA vaccines from the past few years and discusses the challenges and future directions for the field.
Optimizing CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors through multi-target and vaccine strategies
Authors: Hu Rui
Published: January 2025

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells can be used to treat B-cell malignancies and represent a novel approach in cancer immune cell therapy. Although the therapy has shown significant clinical success in treating B-cell malignancies, its efficacy in solid tumors is limited by challenges such as tumor antigen heterogeneity, antigen loss, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review understands the shortcomings of CAR-T cell therapy and proposes several optimization strategies to face different dilemmas in treating tumors. Targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) to suppress the TME; RNA vaccines that can deliver specific antigens to lymph nodes to activate and expand CAR-T cells to enhance their immune response against solid tumors; and multi-targeting design to target multiple antigens at the same time to effectively mitigate tumor escape due to antigen loss. In addition, this review enumerates the strategies of combining therapies with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and co-stimulatory molecules to improve the durability and targeting precision of CAR-T cells and reduce side effects. Thus, this review demonstrates a series of optimized uses of CAR-T cell therapies and improves the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors. This has important clinical implications for advancing cancer immunotherapy and driving the development of immune cancer in the future.
Long-term Ecological Impacts and Management Strategies of Ageratina adenophora Invasion in Yunnan Province
Authors: Cai Zhaojian , Dang Ziyan , Li Yuankun
Published: January 2025

Ageratina adenophora, an invasive species introduced to China in the 1940s, has severely impacted the natural environment of Yunnan Province since the 1980s. This study primarily examines the botanical characteristics of Ageratina adenophora and reviews its invasion history in Yunnan. The plant's invasive success is attributed to its strong competitive ability, largely due to its production of allelopathic chemicals that suppress the growth of nearby plants. Ageratina adenophora alters soil composition and microbial diversity, which enhances its own growth, while its toxicity adversely affects livestock and wildlife. The species encroaches on ecological niches, reducing biodiversity and diminishing cattle productivity by creating monocultural dominance, potentially destabilizing ecosystems. This paper outlines some of the most effective strategies for managing Ageratina adenophora in Yunnan, including plant substitution, biological control, plant quarantine, mechanical eradication, and chemical control. These methods are essential for the sustainable development and ecological conservation of Yunnan Province.
Prediction of Suitability of Red Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) in North America with MaxEnt
Authors: Wang Qindong
Published: January 2025

Mangroves are essential intertidal species that play a critical role in ecosystems, serving as carbon sinks, protectors against tsunamis, and habitats for valuable and endangered species. Species distribution models (SDMs), such as MaxEnt, are effective tools for predicting habitat suitability, but their application to red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) in North America has been limited. This research addresses this gap by using MaxEnt to model red mangrove distribution based on occurrence data and environmental variables (geographical and bioclimatic). The findings contribute valuable data for future research on mangrove SDMs and provide insights for conservation decision-making in North America. Results show that the most suitable habitats for red mangroves are along the eastern Gulf of California, the southern coast of Florida in the U.S., Yucatn, Tabasco, and Quintana Roo in Mexico, eastern Nicaragua, and western Cuba. Key environmental variables influencing the model are elevation, minimum temperature of the coldest month, isothermality, and maximum temperature of the warmest month.
Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 on Consumption BehaviorBased on the Comparison Between China and the United States
Authors: Xu Shaolun
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a dramatic impact on consumer behavior in both China and the United States. At the same time, physical health has become an increasingly important factor affecting consumers. Through the epidemic, the way of consumption has also realized digital transformation and upgrading. Based on the qualitative analysis of the economic data and facts related to the epidemic in China and the U.S., this paper finds that the epidemic has had a different degree of impact on consumption patterns (especially online consumption), consumer confidence, and consumer products in both countries. More specifically, the experience of the COVID-19, along with the cultural and social context, has led to a shift in consumer behavior from offline face-to-face to online no-touch consumption behavior, and has accelerated the growth of the digital economy such as e-commerce platforms. At the same time, consumer confidence has been significantly undermined by the deflation brought about by the outbreak. Finally, consumer products have also changed as a result of the mass hygiene outbreak
Analysis of Changes in Risk Preferences and Decision-Making of Individual Investors from the Perspective of Behavioral Finance
Authors: Cai Lingfei
Published: January 2025

This study explores the changes in risk preferences of individual investors in response to market fluctuations from the perspective of behavioral finance, and its impact on investment decisions. It was found that individual investors' risk preferences are influenced by various psychological factors including overconfidence, anchoring effect, and loss aversion tendencies. Additionally, market volatility and changes in economic environments significantly affect investors' willingness to accept risks. Through analyzing investment behaviors under different risk preferences, this paper reveals strategies for optimizing investment decision-making processes through education, emotional management, and policy-making. Moreover, the study points out that enhancing market information transparency and innovating investment tools can effectively guide individual investors towards more rational investment choices
Analysis of Economic Instruments for Energy Transition Transformation and Their Effects: The Development Process of Electric Vehicles in China
Authors: Hao Xinyi
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the escalating environmental problems posed by climate change have prompted countries to expedite their energy transition. Headed by the Paris Agreement, which sets temperature control targets for the world, countries have taken a variety of measures to promote the development of low-carbon energy. Among them, electric vehicles have played an indelible role in China's energy transition. In terms of energy structure, electric vehicles can assist in reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels, lowering greenhouse gas emissions, and providing an effective route to achieving the dual-carbon objective. In terms of environmental benefits, electric vehicles can effectively reduce urban air pollution and improve the quality of life of residents. This research analyses government economic instruments, such as carbon pricing, carbon taxes and infrastructure development. Understanding the impacts of policies on consumers, businesses and identifying current shortcomings provides recommendations for a sustainable future with enhanced life-cycle use and a circular economy. This paper is designed to encourage further research, standardisation work, public communication, and future progress
The Impact of User-Generated Content on Consumer Trust and Brand Loyalty
Authors: Niu Yijun
Published: January 2025

Traditional advertising strategies rely heavily on the brand generation and one-way communication, such as media advertisements, where messages and images are created by the brand with limited interaction. Unlike the traditional brand-driven advertising, user-generated content (UGC) allows consumers to share real-world experiences of products and services, thereby deepening engagement and building relationships. And it is increasingly important in increasing consumer trust and brand awareness within the modern marketing framework. In order to analyze the impact of UGC on consumer attitudes and loyalty, this paper draws on the theoretical frameworks of social cognitive theory and self-determination. The study highlights the importance of emotional resonance in UGC, emphasizing that shared experiences foster a sense of community among consumers that leads to sustained engagement, while also exploring the practicalities of implementation, which has led brands to integrate UGC to increase customer loyalty. The results indicate that UGC has the potential to markedly enhance brand trust and purchase intention, and that brands that proactively engage in UGC are more likely to be perceived as relatable and to foster stronger consumer relationships. In addition, potential directions for further research are indicated, including studying the long-term effects of UGC on different populations, investigating the emotional connotations associated with UGC, and analyzing cultural differences in UGC influence
Research on the Integration of Triple Bottom Line Theory and Practice in Sustainable Supply Chain Management Within the Massage Chair Industry
Authors: Zhou Jiachen
Published: January 2025

In recent years, many manufacturing enterprises have recognized that sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) is a primary goal for contemporary enterprises. However, there's a gap between these studies and the actual operations of enterprises, leading to a biased understanding of the theory among industry personnel. Therefore, this study focuses on implementing enterprise SSCM practices. It uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and applies various data analytics methods. The aim is to build a theoretical framework, provide evidence for enterprise decision-making, and raise management awareness. Empirical analysis shows that environmental and economic aspects are crucial for promoting SSCM implementation and are interdependent with social aspects. New aspects, resources, and innovation aspects are also proposed for considering SSCM implementation. The findings offer decision-making support for companies. This paper finds that regular environmental, social and governance(ESG) reporting can enhance their environmental, social, and economic performance and boost their global competitiveness
The Protection Dilemma and Countermeasures for Intellectual Property Rights in Commercial Data
Authors: Zhang Shiyi
Published: January 2025

With the rapid development of digital technology, data have become an important competitive resource for enterprises. However, the current intellectual property protection of commercial data faces many difficulties. There are issues such as gaps in specialized legislation, unclear protection pathways, and the limited applicability of existing laws in Chinas intellectual property protection of commercial data. Through a comparative analysis of the legislation and judicial practices of international organizations, the US, the EU, and Japan, this paper provides important insights for China to improve its protection system. Based on this, the paper proposes a cross-protection model combining tiered protection and specialized legislation to ensure comprehensive legal protection and the reasonable use of commercial data
Building Construction in the Architecture Degree: A Comparison of Curriculums in Spain
Authors: Lliso Ferrando Josep Ramon , Gandía-Romero José Manuel , Martínez-Ibernón Ana , Valcuende Manuel
Published: January 2025

The Architecture Degree in Spain is regulated by Order EDU 2075/2010. This Order confers Architecture Schools in Spain freedom when organising their study programmes because it only indicates a minimum number of credits. This work aims to compare the study programmes of 33 Architecture Schools in Spain because very few works have addressed such programmes. Firstly, the relevance of each module was analysed by identifying the knowledge areas to which more importance is attached. In this case, the Design and Technical modules appeared with teaching loadings of more than 50% and 25%, respectively, compared to all the degrees, and differences of more than 45% were detected. In a second phase, the analysis centred on Building Construction courses (core and optional), their number of ECTS and course contents. This revealed that a series of disciplines is taught in practically all such schools in Spain, while others are taught less frequently and only in some Architecture Schools. Relevant differences (up to 75%) were found in the number of ECTS appointed to the Building Construction area among the different schools. On the one hand, this comparison allows the training structure of the Architecture Degree in Spain and any existing differences among centres in the same country to be known. It also demonstrates the importance of Building Construction courses in Spanish architects’ technical training. On the other hand, this work allows a framework to be defined to establish future analyses by comparing this organisation to that in other countries.