bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biologically inspired direction‐finding for short baseline
Authors: He Jiazhi , Huang Zhen , Feng Xuefeng
Published: May 2021

The optimal implementation for a biologically inspired coupling structure to overcome the limitation of short baseline direction‐finding is determined. This approach is inspired by the Ormia ochracea, a parasitoid insect living in North America. It can locate the crickets’ call accurately with the very small distance between its ears far beyond the accuracy of an interferometer with the same baseline. This outstanding performance depends on the mechanical coupling in its auditory system. The first research focus is on the mechanism of the coupling structure, considering not only the amplification on phase difference but also the effect on output power, which leads to the performance improvement in comparison with the traditional method. Then, the biologically inspired coupling structure is optimised to achieve the best direction‐finding performance in crickets’ sound frequency, reducing the estimation error by 75% when the signal incident at boresight. To implement the actual coupling structure with optimal direction‐finding performance, both the analogue circuit and the digital filter implementation are discussed, and the latter attains the theoretical optimal performance. Finally, a direction‐finding system prototype is carried out to verify the advantage of digitally implemented coupling structure, and the measurement result approximates the corresponding Cramr–Rao lower bound.
An efficient waveform diversity based on variational mode decomposition of coded beat‐frequency shifted signals algorithm for multiple‐input multiple‐output millimetre‐wave imaging
Authors: Molaei Amir Masoud , Yurduseven Okan , Fusco Vincent
Published: May 2021

Waveforms used in multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems must be considered in such a way that individual transceiver (T‐R) pairs can be separated from the composite received signal. An algorithm called variational mode decomposition of coded beat‐frequency shifted signals (VMD‐CBFSS) is presented for waveform diversity. First, transmitters are divided into several groups. A small shift is applied to the carrier frequency of the transmitters of different groups. Also, signals within each group are encoded by assigning a binary phase in a time block. On the receiver side, by using a multiresolution analysis technique, the combined signal is decomposed into its main frequency components and then the composite signals of each group are decoded to retrieve each T‐R pair. VMD‐CBFSS provides an efficient solution in terms of overall transmitting time and sampling rate in addition to robustness against channel noise. Moreover, the algorithm is employed in a near‐field MIMO millimetre‐wave imaging system, and results are presented in the form of numerical simulations.
Increasing the efficiency of use of wheeled harrow units in regions of risk farming
Authors: Slepenkov A. E. , Polikutina E. S. , Shchitov S. V. , Kuznetsov E. E. , Krivutsa Z. F.
Published: May 2021

Crop yields largely depend on the quality of the soil prepared for sowing. At the same time, one of the most important field operations is harrowing, with the main technological parameter of harrowing is the depth of processing of the fertile soil layer. Failure to do not have the necessary depth of processing leads to a decrease in yields, and the excess - to additional energy costs, and therefore to increase the cost of a unit of the resulting products. As you know, the main parameter influencing the depth of processing is the weight that falls on the working organ of the harrow. This article proposes a device that has obtained a patent for the intellectual property of the Russian Federation, allowing to regulate the weight of the working organ of the harrow, due to its optimal redistribution within the machine-tractor unit (MTU), and the theoretical and experimental results of the experimental harrowing unit are provided. The results suggest that the proposed solution is highly effective, which provides as an opportunity for quality pre-planting treatment, and contributes to the compliance with the necessary agro-technological requirements for the harrowing process.
Investigation of the travel depth of the disc colter and the conditions for its balance
Authors: Mishkhozhev Vladislav , Gabaev Aliy , Nam Anatoly , Dzuganov Vyacheslav , Pazova Taymira
Published: May 2021

The seeding machine operation procedure consists of preparing the place where the seed should be placed, in placing the grain at a certain level below the soil surface in a certain order of arrangement and, finally, in the embedding – this work in large part falls on the share of the colter. The presented operation procedure of the seeder unit provides two main phases: reproduction of the maximum possible uniform feed of seed and its transporting to the colter; preparation of the groove, the required agrotechnical dimensions and distribution of seed material within it, followed by embedding them with soil. At the first phase of the seeding procedure, the issues of the outflow of seed material and its travel through the “seed tube - colter” system are relevant, and for the second phase, it is necessary to investigate the deformations of the soil layer reproduced by the colters, which is extremely necessary to select conditions that ensure uniform distribution of seed along the length and width of the row and at the desired depth. The article analyzes the investigation results by various authors devoted to the study of the stability of the depth of the opener stroke, its balance, and on their basis, analytical dependences are obtained.
Optimization of production technology for encapsulated functional detoxicants
Authors: Tamova Maya , Barashkina Elena , Zhuravlev Rostislav , Usatikov Sergei , Dzhaboeva Amina
Published: May 2021

This study purpose was to optimize the production technology of encapsulated functional detoxicants based on combined dietary fibers (DF) obtained from beet pulp according to the developed technology. Production technology optimization for functional encapsulated food products was performed using mathematical programming methods based on Statistica v.10 and MathСAD v.15 software environments. An optimal technological production mode for encapsulated food products with high quality indicators, having an increased detoxification ability in relation to heavy metal ions, including combined DF, obtained from beet pulp.
Development control system robotic platform for horticulture
Authors: Khort Dmitriy , Kutyrev Alexey , Filippov Rostislav , Semichev Stepan
Published: May 2021

The article presents a control system for a robotic platform for horticulture. The electronic control system consists of a running engine control unit, a stepper motor steering unit, an electronic differential control unit, a power plant automatic on / off control unit, and battery charging balancing. The developed control system of the robotic vehicle contains a central computer that collects information from sensors and sensors, processes it and transmits control signals to the drives of the machine movement. The movement of the robotic platform is carried out both by a radio signal with a remote control, and in offline mode on a pre-set map of the area according to data from the GLONASS/GPS differential receiver of the satellite navigation system. It is also possible to independently control the movement of a robotic platform using a vision system. The autonomy of the robotic platform provides 10 hours of continuous operation in low-light conditions in various weather conditions.
Quality control of pork used in the recipe for kebabs in a technogenic zone
Authors: Biboyev Atsamaz , Temirayev Rustem , Vitiuk Lada , Zhylova Rita , Shiritova Larisa
Published: May 2021

The investigation purpose was to conduct a comparative control for the consumer qualities of the store pigs meat of the Landrace Danish breeding (LDB) and their cross-breeds of different pedigree on a large white breed (LWB) according to the scheme: control – well-bred Landrace (LDB) animals: 1-st check - 1/2 LDB 1/2 LWB yelts; 2-nd check - 3/4 LDB 1/4 LWB animals and 3-rd check - 7/8 LDB 1/8 LWB yelts, as well as dish samples No. 278 “Pork kebab”, for which the animals meat of the specified pedigree was used in the recipe. The “pork kebab” dish samples from the pork loin of the 3-rd check group distinguished by the best chemical composition. The dish sample of the 3-rd generation pork meat (7/8 LDB × 1/8 LWB) distinguished by the best ecology nutritious features, so that the 3-rd check sample contained lower level of zinc, lead and cadmium. By the total score of the 3-rd check sample of this 3-rd generation Landrace pork dish surpassed the control sample.
Optimization of parameters and operating modes of a biomethane installation for maximum biomethane discharge
Authors: Fiapshev Amur , Hamokov Marat , Kilchukova Olesya , Anikina Irina
Published: May 2021

The article covers the results of a theoretical investigation for dung and livestock manure anaerobic fermentation process, substantiated the structural technological scheme and operating modes of the biomethane installation. An investigation complex was carried out on the basis of substantiating the parameters of the technological process, equipment of a biomethane installation, where the goal is to increase the efficiency of substrate processing. Based on the analysis, it was found that the biomethane discharge is one of the main characteristics of processing the substrate, and this moment was taken as the main criterion for optimization work. The rational modes and parameters of the biomethane installation were determined using the mathematical method of planning a multifactorial experiment. The influence of the temperature for the fermentation process of the substrate, the time of mixing the substrate and the number of revolutions of the heat-exchanging mixer on the biogas discharge was established. The influence of design factors, including various factors, was carried out using mathematical statistics and mathematical modeling, where the dependence of the biogas discharge on the temperature of the substrate fermentation process, the time of mixing the substrate and the number of revolutions of the heat exchanging mixer were obtained. The proposed biomethane installation has passed production and laboratory tests in order to optimize the parameters of various capacities for their operation in various regions of the country, the creation of an experimental installation operating in the thermophilic mode, including the stage of preliminary preparation of livestock manure biomass in the technological chain, obtaining liquid and solid fertilizers and other waste-free technology products.
Search, inspection and selection of new source material for millet breeding
Authors: Sokurova Larisa , Yandieva Aishat
Published: May 2021

Comprehensive inspection of millet original forms and their involvement in the breeding process to create new varieties and lines is an urgent problem and is of great theoretical and practical importance [3,4]. New varieties should be resistant to abiotic stresses and ecological plasticity, as global climate changes do not allow new varieties and cross-breeds to realize their potential possibilities, most of them are realized only by 20-40%. In this regard, it is important to take into account the specifics of global and local climate change, as well as the sharply increased frequency of extreme weather events over recent decades. [5] In general, in the genetic variability of cultivated plants, the most deficient category is resistance to the action of biotic and abiotic stressors.
Impact of Organomineral Fertilization Systems on the Yield of Field Crops and Changes in the Productivity of Crop Rotation on Irrigated Ordinary Carbonate Chernozems of the Central Ciscaucasia
Authors: Bizhoev Ruslan , Konova Sarina , Sarbasheva Asiyat , Batyrova Olga , Gazheva Rada
Published: May 2021

The paper presents the research results of the impact of different fertilization systems - mineral and organic, using intercropping of green manure crops, biological resources (straw of grain crops, foliar of maize) on crop yields of grain rotating crops - winter wheat, maize, peas and the productivity of hectare of arable black land of ordinary carbonate chernozem in dryland conditions of the Central Caucasus region with different indicators of growing seasons. The scientific novelty of the paper is the identification of optimum-rational fertilization systems and the justification of the influence of the studied fertilization systems and the use of by-products of the crop rotation, which make it possible to obtain stable crop yields and maintain the humus content in the soil. The work defines the efficiency of the use of different mineral fertilizer doses in combination with organic fertilizers, which form the highest crop yield and crop rotation productivity.
Influence of polymorphism of the kappa-casein gene of cows on the development of calves in the early postnatal period
Authors: Polozyuk Olga , Zabelina Margarita , Preobrazhenskaya Tatiana , Tyurin Igor , Lakota Elena
Published: May 2021

The authors found that the density of colostrum in cows with a homozygous genotype for the B allele of the kappa-casein gene was higher compared to the homozygous genotype for the A allele and had a greater amount of immunoglobulins by 29.5 mg/l, respectively. The formation of high colostral immunity in calves obtained from cows of mothers of genotypes AB and BB prevented the occurrence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, and in calves obtained from mothers of genotype AA genotype kappa-casein with a reduced amount of immunoglobulins in colostrum, it led to the development of diarrhea in 12% of newborn calves. The dynamics of the live weight of calves obtained from cows of mothers with the AA genotype of the kappa-casein gene, during the first 30 days of life, was 6.34 and 4.78 kg lower than in young cows with the BB and AB genotypes of the kappa-casein gene. At the age of one month, the leukocyte content in calves obtained from cows from mothers with a homozygous genotype for allele A of the kappa-casein gene was less by 10.8 and 16.2%, and hemoglobin by 10.5 and 10.7%.
The use of gene technologies in the genomic-index assessment of producers of Canadian breeding
Authors: Bukarov Nurmagomed , Zakharov Vasily , Hashegulgov Shamsutdin , Taov Ibragim , Kagermazov Tsray
Published: May 2021

The article provides an assessment of the use of gene technologies in the genomic-index assessment of producers in the conditions of farms in the Moscow region, which allows to provide dairy farming with high-quality breeding material. Genomic index assessment accelerates the breeding goal achievement process. It contributed to an increase in the productivity of cattle, an increase in the profitability of cattle breeding, which allows to reduce the time for creating breeding herds of dairy cattle by 2 times. Of the 15 bulls, 10 (67%) were evaluated by the A1-A3 breeding categories. Two bulls were categorized as neutral. The bull Ecuador received the A2B1 breeding categories. The daughters of this bull are fat and milk enhancers, which is 4.46%, with a milk yield of 12432 kg of milk.
Determining the degree of kinship of sarlik yaks bred in the mountainous regions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic by blood groups
Authors: Sabanchieva Lyudmila , Kanukova Kristina , Gazaev Ismail , Gubzhokov Murat , Bogotova Zalina
Published: May 2021

The formation of immunogenetics as a science was the result of numerous studies on the study of blood groups and other polymorphic systems, the results of which are successfully applied both in animal husbandry and in animal breeding. Modern biotechnological methods used to analyze blood groups enable us to determine the true origin of animals. To determine the correctness of the breeding processes occurring in the breed, the antigenic composition of blood groups, which are also used to study the reliability of origin, needs to be studied. The results obtained make it possible to analyze genetic similarity, determine the level of polymorphism and the nature of structural changes in the result of breeding work. Also, by analyzing the distribution of the frequency of occurrence of antigens, it is possible to determine the genetic distances and genetic similarity of breeds and lines among themselves [1].
Exterior features and productivity of the Kazakh fine-wool breed of sheep and its crossbreeds with meat breeds
Authors: Zhumadillayev Narzhan , Yuldashbaev Yusupzhan , Karynbaev Amanbai , Khudaiberdiev Akmal , Efendiev Beslan
Published: May 2021

The article presents the dynamics of changes in live weight for a year, measurements, body build indices and productivity of one-year-old pure-bred Kazakh fine-wool female lambs and crossbreeds of different bloods with German meat merino, when creating a fine-wool meat sheep breed in the south-east of Kazakhstan - “Etti merino”. The resulting crossbred offspring are characterized as large animals, with a high live weight and good meat forms.
Effect of adsorbent and phospholipide on meat production and nutritional value of fattened calf bull meat
Authors: Shabanov Maksim , Temiraev Victor , Kokov Taladin , Efendiev Beslan , Herremov Shamurat
Published: May 2021

One of the most effective ways of removing HM salts that have entered the digestive tract of fattened animals is the technological method of including adsorbent preparations in their diets, which, binding various toxins, excrete them from the body. The study purpose is to develop a method to increase the meat productivity and quality of meat of young cattle for fattening in a technogenic zone by inclusion of ToxySorb adsorbent in their diets with a high content of heavy metal salts in the amount of 1.25 kg/t of compound feed and lecithin in the amount of 10 g/100 kg of live weight. According to study results, it was shown that when these drugs were fed together in the indicated quantities, it contributed to better detoxification of xenobiotics. The calf bulls of experimental group 3 had the best slaughter indicators, as well as the best consumer, sanitary and hygienic properties of meat products.
Regulation of environmental protection measures in the Caspian Sea region
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Bavykin Oleg , Kuznetsova Elena , Kucherenko Roman , Kucherenko Dmitriy
Published: May 2021

Information obtained as a result of monitoring of water bodies is taken as a basis for legal regulation of economic activities related to environmental pollution. In the context of a globalized economy, the strengthening of environmental protection measures in one of the neighboring countries often leads to the fact that the next plant will be built across the border, and its impact on the environment on a global scale will be the same. In this study, the authors studied the problem of finding new ways to solve the environmental problems of the Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea belongs to Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Iran. to solve the environmental problems of the Caspian Sea, it is necessary to unify the environmental legislation of these countries, similar to the unification of the environmental legislation of the European Union countries.
Changes in maximum water holding capacity of chernozem soil caused by soil compaction
Authors: Bekhovykh Yuriy , Bekhovykh Larisa , Lyoevin Aleksey , Sizov Evgeniy
Published: May 2021

The goal of the studies presented in the work is to estimate the changes in the maximum water holding capacity of the soil caused by soil compaction. The object of the research is a loam type of chernozem soil. The research shows that the maximum water holding capacity is a function of the soil density change and indirectly depends on the action of soil compaction factors, including external pressure level, the number of impacts on soil cover, as well as on soil moisture. Soil moisture is indicated as the most important factor in changing the maximum water holding capacity caused by soil compaction. The decrease in the maximum water holding capacity caused by soil compaction is more obvious with an increase in soil moisture, both in the research of the number of impacts and external pressure influence on this indicator. The results of the work show that the change in the maximum water holding capacity caused by a compacting action significantly depends on the initial value of the soil addition density.
Anthropogenic impact on grain-size distribution and agrophysical properties of soils of cultivated rice lands of Kuban
Authors: Osipov A.V. , Slyusarev V.N. , Vlasenko V.P. , Suminski I.I.
Published: May 2021

This work reviews the relation of the grain-size distribution and impact of the use of rice rotation soils on the main agrophysical indicators of soils that determine the composition and properties of soil cover of modern delta of Kuban. The regularities of dependence between the density of the matrix soil and the grain-size distribution that consist of mineral composition of alluvial soils and rocks have been identified. The trend towards increase in soil density with increase in physical clay and silt content, as well as increase in matrix soil density has been established. No significant differences in agrophysical properties of subsurface soil horizons and underlying formations have been identified. The agrophysical indicators of soils of rice fields and boharic analogues during their agricultural use have been assessed. The hydromorphic soil-forming processes did not lead to considerable changes in agrophysical properties of alluvial formations and soils involved in rice rotation.
Efficiency of dung application on rice agroecosystems in Kuban
Authors: Sheudzhen Ashad , Gutorova Oksana , Hurum Hazret
Published: May 2021

The effect of the combined application of dung and nitrification inhibitor Entec FL DMPP on the loss of ammonium nitrogen from meadow chernozem soil (corresponding to Gleyic Chernozem in WRB) under the conditions of rice cultivation in the Kuban was studied. On the rice irrigation system, a field experiment was performed with autumn and spring incorporation of dung at a rate of 30 t/ha, both separately and with the addition of a nitrification inhibitor against the background of mineral fertilizers. It was found that the inclusion of a nitrification inhibitor in the dung contributed to a decrease in nitrogen losses by 6.7-15.0% during their incorporation in autumn and by 10.8-18.1% in spring, occurring as a result of denitrification and leaching of nitrates, and optimum conditions of nitrogen nutrition for rice plants. A less pronounced effect of the nitrification inhibitor was noted during its autumn incorporation with dung, which is associated with a lower air temperature in autumn and a longer period from fertilization to rice sowing.
Certain aspects of digital development in AIC
Authors: Mikitaeva Indira , Malkanduev Eldar , Zhufan Pavel , Shardan Saida
Published: May 2021

The social and economic development of the territories includes the existence of stable interregional food and commodity linkages, the formation of a food economy, an increase in food resources conducive to the development of the AIC and the entire economic system. Digitalization and the implementation of information technologies ensure high-quality information content of all subdivisions of the AIC, enable optimization of the flow of resources and goods within the complex, leading to facilitate the task of transforming the agro-industrial complex of Russia, further “effective and sustainable agro-industrial production that corresponds to the world level ensuring the country’s food security, the saturation of the market with food” [4]. An effective mechanism for the regional innovative economy management is, in our view, the complex establishment of a high-quality information base, the development of information technology networks to transcend traditional technologies. The success in the transition to the modern stage of the digital economy in the AIC prejudges the growing importance of the of the country, its regions and individual industries in the formation of a single information field. The federal policy policy is directed at creation of new information technologies and communication channels throughout Russia and all over the world. The regional policy in the field of information should be based on the interests of the regional users and the general federal interests of a group of industries located in the region. The sectoral policy in the field of information should take into account the interests of one industry, as well as enterprises and organizations within the structure of this industry.
Path of sustainable development of agricultural ecosystems in the context of digitalization
Authors: Sozaeva Tanzilya , Gurfova Svetlana , Marius-Sorin Dinka , Pshigosheva Alfina
Published: May 2021

Digitalization provides new opportunities for determining the path of sustainable development of agricultural and ecological systems. The article attempts to consider the problems related to the emerging digital divide and the possibility of their leveling accompanying this process both at the international and national levels. Digital transformation is taking place not only in the technology sector and digital companies: its scale extends to all areas of the world economy. It was revealed that digital transformation, accompanied by the development of digital platforms, provides a more complete interaction of agricultural ecosystems with the digital world. Digital platforms have been identified to facilitate the integration of business, social and technological processes that form digital service ecosystems. The main reason for the expansion of the digital segment of agricultural ecosystems is the increase in the transactional sector. The creation of IT platforms based on the digitalization of production and technological processes, jobs; logistics, collaboration of agribusiness entities and public-private partners, consumers, competitors, investors, authorities has been proposed.
Production potential of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic pasture ecosystems
Authors: Tamahina Aida , Turabov Urfa Turan Ogly
Published: May 2021

The pasture digression of meadows followed by soil deflation is one of the pressing environmental problems. This problem is typical for mountain pastures that are constantly in economic circulation. The article presents the results of a geobotanical survey of the Zolsky pastures on the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2018-2020. The results of a geobotanical survey show that the pasture phytocenoses are characterized by high floristic diversity due to the heterogeneity of edaphic and orographic factors. The flora of the pastures is represented by postwood moist sedgy-and-tussock-grass, mesophilic woodreed-and-agrostidinic grass, cereal forb, forbs cereal mesophilic and subalpine meadows, low sedgy meadow steppes. The average yield for the pasture period varies from 7.2 to 16.6 centners/ha of dry eaten mass. The consequence of prolonged pasturage and excessive pasture load was a decrease in alpha and beta diversity, the formation of low-productive secondary plant communities of non-food, poisonous and weed grasses, the destruction of sod and soil outcropping. Restoration of degraded pasture ecosystems is possible on the basis of ecological intensification, which provides for the regulation of pasture loads, adherence to grazing terms, phytomelioration using perennial grasses, and short-term isolation of pastures from grazing. This will prevent erosion processes, increase biodiversity, productivity, forage value of grass stand and stability of pasture ecosystems.
Technological solutions for the cultivation of potatoes in the organic farming agroecosystem
Authors: Maksimov D.A. , Minin V.B. , Perekopskiy A.N. , Zakharov A.M.
Published: May 2021

One of the main tasks of organic production of agricultural products is to reduce the load on agroecosystems while simultaneously obtaining a yield indicator of high consumer quality, as with intensive production technologies, and this can be attained only through the fuller use of the biological potential of a crop, species, variety. In the production of agricultural products using biologized machine technologies, they interact with the environment: the atmosphere, hydrosphere and soil. The research is aimed to the creation of adaptive biologized machine technologies that ensure the efficient use of natural resources in the production of agricultural products with a minimum impact on the environment. The research object is the potato agrocenosis in the crop rotation of tilled and field crops. The crop rotation includes potatoes, beets, perennial legumes and cereals. In the experiment, potatoes of the Udacha variety (superelite), zoned for the Leningrad region, were cultivated. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of possible environmental risks in the implementation of the selected technological solutions for growing potatoes, as well as the fight against weeds, since the use of synthetic herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, etc. radically contradicts GOST 33980 - 2016 “Organic products. Rules for production, processing, labeling and sale”.
Trends and risks of developing local consumer markets in rural areas
Authors: Dvoryadkina Elena , Khacheva Larissa , Istomina Natalia
Published: May 2021

The paper considers trends and risks of development of local consumer markets of rural territories, measures of state programs aiming at sustainable developing consumer markets. The concepts of municipalities of rural territories and consumer markets of rural territories are given. The main indicators of the consumer market, such as turnover of retail trade and catering, as well as indicators of the consumer service sector, are analyzed.
Economic productivity and competitiveness of Ukrainian exports due to the global challenges
Authors: Petkova Lesia , Berezina Olena , Honcharenko Iryna , Osadchenko Ihor
Published: May 2021

Productivity and economic growth are key factors to maintain and improve the competitiveness of nations in the global market. The paper analyzes the prospects for the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports in the terms of pandemic circumstances and post-pandemic recovery of the global economy. The prospects for strengthening the competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy evaluating based on the modified approach for assessing the revealed comparative advantage. The dynamics and structure of major industries exports were estimating. The research result proved that the growth of innovative products in the iron and steel industry increases its competitiveness in the world market. The established reduction of the identified comparative advantages index for the main exports positions reflects the presence of structural and technological lags in the modern structure of the national economy and requires economic policy measures aimed at long-term action. Respectively, the main goals of contemporary national economic policy aimed at promoting the export competitiveness of Ukrainian products (goods & services) have to be the stimulating of R&D, infrastructure modernization and capital deepening.
Ukraine’s foreign trade: responses to global challenges
Authors: Radzivivska Svitlana , Us Ivan
Published: May 2021

The overview of the country’s trade with all the continents during the period of 2000-2019 is given. The description of the commodity structure of exports/imports of goods, with particular attention to the industrial products, is followed by the detailed analysis of Ukraine’s foreign trade in 2020. The decrease in Ukraine’s foreign trade in 2020 by 6.4% is fully consistent with the projected WTO reduction of world trade in 2020 by 9.2%. Although COVID-19 had negative impact on Ukraine’s trade with the EU and the EAEU, it contributed to closer trade ties with Asia, improving Ukraine’s trade balance. The government and the national business elite should aim at solving the problems of increasing the volume and improving the commodity structure of Ukraine’s foreign trade with emphasis on the development of transport system for exporting agricultural and food products to the developed countries of the West and to the prospective economies of the East and the South. It is essential, on the one hand, to focus on the inflows of FDI and their appropriate use, and, on the other hand, on Ukraine’s participation in the formation of GVCs, global production networks. In the conditions of the Fourth industrial revolution, the economy finds itself transformed due to the fundamental changes. The optimization of foreign trade relations of Ukraine will not only improve the economy, but also enable the country to become a better functioning element of the global economic system.
A flexible evolutionary model of machine learning of the most successful strategies of human capital development
Authors: Porokhnya Vasyl , Penev Vladyslav
Published: May 2021

As a result of research, the concept of a flexible evolutionary model is proposed, which with the help of machine learning allows obtaining the most successful strategy for the development of human capital. The proposed conceptual and methodological approach to machine learning of the process of assessing human capital of enterprises, taking into account the cognitive psychology of man and reflective attitudes in the human environment, can increase the effectiveness of decision-making in the field of human capital development management. The training involves indicators of return on investment in the individual, in the types of components of human capital, which are characterized by properties (creativity, competence, purposefulness, communication, motivation), where between their varieties there are appropriate reflective relationships. The main difficulty of this approach to the choice of alternative solutions for finding options for the use of human capital is the correct selection of indicators of significance (return) of contributions to the development of types of human capital, on the basis of which cycles occur of systemic learning. This approach can simplify the search for and developments of human capital development strategies, present alternative ways, and simplify management decisions.
Modeling grain transportation in the system of grain processing industries
Authors: Saparbayev Abdizhapar , Makulova Aiymzhan , Bayboltaeva Nesipkul , Sarsenbieva Nagima , Imatayeva Aliya
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the modeling of grain transportation in the system of grain processing industries. The question of determining the need of vehicles for the maintenance of agricultural work is of great national economic importance. It is associated with the problem of the effective use of material and cash resources, land and labor in grain farming. The resulting task is a difficult experimental task.
Using a comprehensive index technology to analyze structural changes in the regions’ economic development in a COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Ukraine
Authors: Hryhoruk Pavlo , Khrushch Nila , Grygoruk Svitlana
Published: May 2021

The paper investigates the issues of evaluating structural changes in the regions’ economic development based on the comprehensive index assessment technology. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on regional development and changes in the regional structure is considered. The authors propose the use of block convolution to design a comprehensive index based on a set of metric initial indicators that characterize the regions’ economic development. Grouping the set of initial indicators is carried out based on the method of an extreme grouping of parameters and the method of principal components. A weighted linear additive convolution was used to develop partial composite indices and an economic development comprehensive index. The practical approbation was carried out for the regions of Ukraine according to the data of 9 months of 2019 and the same period of 2020. To establish the regions’ structure, we used the division of the comprehensive index values into intervals and further distributing regions into classes according to the level of economic development. There is a general decrease in the value of the integrated indicator in 2020, caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, no significant changes in the structure of the regions were detected, which indicates an equally negative impact of the pandemic for all regions of Ukraine.
Modeling the development of the tourism industry in the smart age of globalization through transnational cooperation and capacity building
Authors: Shmygol Nadiia , Cherniavska Olena , Pawliszczy Dariusz , Shmygol Yeugeniia , Cherniavska Alexandra
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the chosen topic is related to the growing interest of researchers in technologies and mechanisms of growth of new touristic opportunities in the smart era of society, features of its impact on national policies in order to achieve strategic socio-economic goals of the countries both for domestic territories and along the path of development of geoeconomic strategies in the global space. In addition the relevance of the research direction is enhanced by the fact that tourism is one of the sectors of the world economy that has suffered the most from restrictions on movement during the pandemic crisis. The European Commission has recently presented a series of proposals setting out the foundations of the EU economy and society suitable for the digital age, outlining the development of a genuine European data space and offering a European approach to new technologies. The new industrial strategy and the SME strategy (adopted on March 10, 2020) identify the path to digital transformation to empower industry and small and medium-sized enterprises. The latest strategic communication of the European Commission “Tourism and Transport for 2020 and beyond” emphasizes the role of digital transformation and sustainability. This involves investing in digital skills and promoting digital innovation, as well as linking the tourism business and businesses to existing data spaces, technology providers, and community actors at the local and regional levels. To determine the possibilities of further evelopment of the industry, ithe article proposes a factor model of the total revenue from tourism activities, taking into account regional changes in tourist flow, provide recommendations for the effective development of the industry with account of future trands of tourism industry and ecosystem development. These issues are equally pertinent both for tourism, given the advantages innovative, new technologies can bring to tourism destinations and for businesses, local communities and travellers. They can facilitate tourism management both at destination and business level, contributing to balanced and sustainable growth of tourism in post Pandemic time. New smart technologies can help businesses provide more personalised services and therefore enhance the tourism experience.
Global migration processes analysis and modelling of migration attractiveness of countries through fuzzy logic
Authors: Danylchuk Hanna , Kibalnyk Liubov , Kovtun Oksana , Pursky Oleg , Stachowiak Zenon
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the analysis the current state of migration in the context of globalization and identifies the most important corridors for the labour movement. The main donor countries of migrants are developing countries, with low socio-economic indicators, difficult environmental conditions and high levels of poverty. According to forecasts, the most migratory flows will take place in the countries of North America and in Europe, which is due to rising trends in unemployment in the countries of the “third world” and the demand for cheap labour, changes in the structure of the economies of developed countries, changes in labour market demand. The main world regional corridors in 1990–2019 have been identified through statistical analysis. And their growing and declining trends. The need to use economic and mathematical modelling techniques to analyse and determine the migration attractiveness of recipient countries in an uncertain environment has been substantiated. It has been shown that fuzzy logic tools are the most effective in this case. Based on the results of the simulation using the Mamdani method, the world’s attractiveness rating for migration is calculated, which with a “high” thermo leads such countries as Italy, France, United Arab Emirates. The findings suggest that migrants are attracted by countries with the lowest inflation rates, high and average GDP per capita and average or low taxation levels.
Foreign direct investment trends: an analysis of the structure and dynamics in the context of globalization
Authors: Kibalnyk Liubov , Leshchenko Maryna , Feshchenko Olena , Wang Haiyu
Published: May 2021

The phenomenon of the international investment activity in the context of globalization is investigated in the article. Foreign direct investment is the most important basis for further analysis of the world economy. The article discusses the current trends of the foreign direct investment flows with an emphasis on their geographical location. In particular, the inflows of FDI by region and national economies are considered. The specific features of modern factors of the foreign investments’ distribution by regions are determined. The study shows that some methodological approaches are useful in determining the level of national economies’ interconnection of the linked processes of international capital flows. The clustering method was used for the analysis of foreign investments and the minimum spanning trees for the selected groups of countries were constructed. From the defined list of countries, one group with similar trends in the FDI movement has been distinguished. The article stipulates that countries should consider the need for their active involvement in globalization processes and contribute to the formation of a favourable investment environment within the country.
Mathematical model for imitation of management of the enterprise’s logistical system
Authors: Ivanov Roman , Sherstennikov Yuriy , Porokhnya Vasyl , Grynko Tetyana
Published: May 2021

The study is devoted to solving the scientific problem of optimizing the retail trade in the production and sale of two types of products, taking into account the change in potential demand for products. The economic and mathematical model of the production activity of the enterprise was developed taking into account logistics and market demand. The logistics scheme takes into account all the main links of the logistics system, as well as the connections between them. The considered scheme makes it possible to take into account the diversification of products manufactured by the enterprise. The mathematical model is designed for discrete time. A numerical optimization method has been developed for this mathematical model. The optimal solutions for several cases are found and investigated. The dynamics of the main characteristics of drugs was calculated for all considered cases. A comparative analysis of economic efficiency for the studied cases has been performed. The economic efficiency of retail network optimization is proved.
The concept of assessing the City Council management control level for effective decision making
Authors: Melikhova Tetiana , Mikhailutsa Olena
Published: May 2021

In present paper, time series models of revenues and expenses of general and special local budget fund in Zaporizhzhia City Council for 2017-2020 are built. The possibility of forecasting time series has been investigated on the example of local budget revenues and expenses. The concept of assessing the level of management control which consists of information-analytical circuit, analysis and modeling circuit, and decision-making circuit has been proposed. The best options for absolute and comparative economic efficiency of accounting and economic expenses of management control have been substantiated. The forecast for calculating the absolute and comparative economic efficiency of management control on the data of Zaporizhzhia City Council is shown and the annual economic effect from its implementation is calculated. The methodological approaches to the analysis of income and expenses of the general and special fund have been improved. They, unlike existing methods, include time series modeling and studies describing complex changes in parameters over time. This made it possible to carry out high-quality management control and increase the efficiency of activities. The SPSS Statistics data analysis package is used for data processing, test assumption and building the future strategy.
Occlusion of the Anterior Cerebral Artery Mimicking a Cerebral Aneurysm: Clinical Presentation and Literature Review
Authors: Liu Yang , Guo Gaochao , Lin Zhu , Zhao Liming , Hernesniemi Juha , Li Chaoyue , Andrade-Barazarte Hugo
Published: May 2021

Background Intracranial aneurysms may be misdiagnosed with other vascular lesions such as vascular loops, infundibulum, or the stump of an occluded artery (very rare and reported compromising only the middle cerebral artery and the posterior circulation territory). Our aim was to describe a unique case of occlusion of an anterior cerebral artery mimicking a cerebral aneurysm in a probable moyamoya disease patient, and to highlight its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management, and to perform an extensive literature review.

Case A 67-year-old man suffering from recurrent dizziness for 3 months. Previous medical history was unremarkable. Brain magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) associated with a “probable moyamoya disease” and an aneurysm-like shadow protruding lesion at the anterior communicating artery (AcomA). Perfusion images showed ischemia along the right temporo-occipital lobe. Due to MCA occlusion with perfusion deficits and unspecific symptoms, we offered a right side encephalo-duro-myo-synangiosis (EDMS) and clipping of the AcomA aneurysm in one session. Intraoperatively, there was no evidence of the AcomA aneurysm; instead, this finding corresponded to the stump of the occluded right anterior cerebral artery (A1 segment). This segment appeared to be of yellowish color due to atherosclerosis and lacked blood flow. The patient underwent as previously planned a right side EDMS and the perioperative course was uneventful without the presence of additional ischemic attacks.

Conclusion Arterial branch occlusions can sometimes present atypical angiographic characteristics that can mimic a saccular intracranial aneurysm. It is relevant to consider this radiographic differential diagnosis, especially when aneurysm treatment is planned.