bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance-related structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of 2 μm the CdTe-CdSe absorption layer of solar cell
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71542, Egypt, Tarek El-Shahat M. , Ali Ahmed S. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71542, Egypt, Hassana A. M. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71542, Egypt, Yousef E. S. ,   Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia, Shaaban E. R. ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71542, Egypt
Published: January 2024

The current work attempts to develop the most efficient compositions of 1 m between CdTe1-xSex thin films as absorptive layer in solar cell applications (with x = 0 to 1, step 0.1 wt.%). Mechanical alloying was used to create the CdTe1-xSex powdered materials, and thermal evaporation was used to create the thin film versions of these compositions. Swanepoel's approach was used to measure the films' thicknesses, and the spectroscopic ellipsometry technique was used to calibrate the results. The analyzed films' structural, electrical, and optical characteristics have been studied. It was determined that CdTe0.7Se0.3 at had the highest crystalize size and the lowest lattice strain, which contributed to the reduction in imperfection in this sample since XRD revealed the nanostructures nature of these films. Additionally, it was discovered that CdTe0.7Se0.3 had the lowest energy gap and the highest refractive index, which was responsible for this composition's largest crystalline size. CdTe0.7Se0.3 possessed low resistivity, high conductivity, a high carrier concentration, and high carrier mobility, according to the Hall effect studies of these films. Two different types of solar cells were created: n-CdS/pCdTe and n-CdS/p-CdTe/ CdTe0.7Se0.3. The power conversion efficiency of these two solar cells was determined to be 17.71 for CdS/CdTe and 18.92 for CdS/CdTe/ CdTe0.7Se0.3. Se should be doped in CdTe1-xSex thin films at an ideal level of 0.3%, making CdTe0.7Se0.3 thin film a suitable choice for solar cell applications.
Ultra compact, high contrast ratio all optical NOR gate using two dimensional photonic crystals
Authors:   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology, Pudukkottai, Tamilnadu, India 622507, India, Rama Prabha K. , Robinson S. ,   Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology, Pudukkottai, Tamilnadu, India 622507, India
Published: January 2024

An all-optical NOR gate is implemented using a two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide. The paper provides a structure of an all-optical NOR gate constructed by introducing a line and point defect. The proposed NOR gate uses a hexagonal lattice structure with E shaped waveguide. The contrast ratio, response time and bit rate of three input NOR gate are 29.59 dB, 0.8 ps and 1.19 Tbps, respectively. The proposed gate is constructed with the operating wavelength of 1550 nm. The structure has been simulated and analyzed using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) methods. It offers high contrast ratio, better response time with ultra-compact size. Hence it is suitable for high speed optical integrated circuits and switching devices.
“Speech delighted with its own music”: Birds as Symbols of the Creative Process in the Poetry of W.B. Yeats and Edward Thomas
Authors:   University of Rzeszów, Poland, Kallaus Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

The article focuses on the symbolic meanings of birds in selected verse of two distinguished 20th century English language poets—William Butler Yeats (1865–1939) and Edward Thomas (1878–1917). There have been hardly any critical attempts to compare their creative output, despite Thomas’s reviews of Yeats’s works which prove a strong impact of Yeats’s style and sensibility on Thomas’s mind. Here, a comparative analysis is offered of bird symbolism in “The Wild Swans at Coole” (1917) by W.B. Yeats and “The Unknown Bird” (1915) by Edward Thomas, where both poets use birds as symbols of the creative process. In their reliance on symbols, they draw heavily on Romantic dialectic to resolve the inner conflict in consciousness and bridge the gap between the poetic self and the natural world. Also, the article is intended to show the impact of Romantic sensibility on the poets’ original styles, which confronts tradition with modernity.
Edward Thomas as a Travel Book Writer
Authors:   University of Białystok, Poland, Moroz Grzegorz
Published: January 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine Edward Thomas’s literary representations of his walks and bicycle rides from the perspective of the development of the genre of the travel book in Britain. The paper provides a brief outline of the history of the synergy and friction of travel books with the genres of the novel and the autobiography, and the ways in which the developing naturalist and pedestrian discourses influenced travel books and travel accounts. A key argument constructed and developed in the second part of the paper is that the combination of Thomas’s dissatisfaction with the loose collage-like nebulousness of his early travel accounts from Beautiful Wales (1905) to The South Country (1909) and his wide knowledge of 19th-century British travel writers resulted in two ‘conventional’ travel books The Icknield Way (1913) and In Pursuit of Spring (1914), in which Thomas relied on such standard generic features as the diary format and the central role of the narrative persona.
Advocacy and Protection for Victims of Sexual Violence against Children: Insight from Indonesia's Experience
Authors: Krismawati Selviana , Pratiwi Salsabila Yumna , Smith Nucharee Nuchkoom , Smith Robert Brian
Published: January 2024

This research conducts a comprehensive exploration of the nuanced dimensions surrounding the role and protection of victims of sexual violence against children in Indonesia, with a specific focus on Decision Number 28/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Bbs, employing a normative juridical methodology. The study aims to reveal legal intricacies in victim form and protection throughout the judicial proceedings outlined in Decision Number 28/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Bbs, utilizing secondary sources such as laws, regulations, books, legal journal articles, and media coverage. Employing a descriptive analytical approach, the research identifies two pivotal dimensions. Firstly, victims of sexual violence against children in Decision Number 28/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Bbs exhibit vulnerability, easily persuadable traits, and compromised mental and physical conditions. External factors, including determinants of life, personality, and education, further contribute to the complexity of their roles. Secondly, an exploration of victim protection within the decision reveals that not all legally stipulated safeguards are embraced, with the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) providing no support due to a lack of initiative from the family or law enforcement officials. Despite this, non-juridical protections, particularly in health, were identified, such as post-mortem medical treatment. To enhance comprehensiveness, the study incorporates perspectives of advocacy and victim protection, critically examining the efficacy of advocacy initiatives and evaluating existing frameworks for both juridical and non-juridical protection. This comprehensive approach aims to provide a holistic understanding of challenges and opportunities in safeguarding victims of sexual violence against children within the context of Decision Number 28/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Bbs.
The Analysis of the Legal Protection of Ship's Crew in Sea Work Agreement in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Tegar Islami
Published: January 2024

This article aims to analyze the welfare of crew members in the context of legal protection, which is reviewed in more detail from the perspective of the implementation of the maritime employment agreement in Indonesia. This is based on the poor execution of marine employment agreements in Indonesia and should pay more attention to the welfare of crew members.  This research will be prepared using normative juridical research (legal research), which is research focused on examining the application of rules or norms in positive law in Indonesia.  The assessment process is carried out by analyzing several related regulations, namely the Commercial Code, Laws, Government Regulations, and Ministerial Regulations. The results show that the implementation of sea work agreements in Indonesia involves various parties, such as employers/ship agents, skippers, crew members, and harbourmaster as a means of fulfilling the rights and obligations of workers and employers. In the context of legal protection, crew members in Indonesia have the right to work protection in the form of welfare, occupational safety, and occupational health. In addition, crew members also have the right to salary, overtime pay, holiday pay, delegation pay, transportation costs and wages at the end of work in a sea work agreement.
Investigating the Effect of Debriefing Intervention on Postpartum Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Mousavi Shekoofehsadat , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Babapour Jalil , Hakimi Sevil , Mokhtari Fatemeh
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of debriefing intervention on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following traumatic childbirth. Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 70 postpartum women who experienced traumatic childbirth and referred to health centers of Tabriz, Iran. The participants were assigned into two groups of counselling and control (n=35 per group) using block randomization. The intervention group joined a counselling session with critical incident stress debriefing (CISD) approach 3-5 days after childbirth. Post-traumatic Stress Checklist (PCL-5) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were completed by the subjects before the intervention session, and 4-6 weeks after childbirth. ANCOVA was used for data analysis. Results: The mean score of PTSD symptoms showed significant decrease in the intervention group compared to the control group (adjusted mean difference [AMD] =-5.72, 95% CI: -10.47 to -0.96, P=0.01). Conclusions: It is recommended to compare the effectiveness of structured and unstructured debriefing in future studies.
Complications of ankle arthroscopy: frequency, prevention, and treatment
Authors: Rodríguez-Merchán E Carlos , Encinas-Ullán Carlos A , Ruiz-Pérez Juan S , Gómez-Cardero Primitivo
Published: January 2024

The complication rate of ankle arthroscopy (AA) ranges from 3.5% to 14%.

To avoid such complications, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the anatomy of the ankle, to perform the procedure very carefully and with appropriate instrumentation, and to use a non-invasive distraction technique.

The most frequent complications are neurological (cutaneous nerve injuries), which are usually caused by direct injury during arthroscopic portals or by a distracting pin when using an invasive distraction technique. They usually resolve spontaneously within a few months.

The iatrogenic formation of a pseudoaneurysm is a severe but extremely rare complication (an incidence of 0.008%).

There are several treatments for pseudoaneurysms: external compression; direct thrombin injection, surgical intervention (resection of the damaged segment of the artery and reconstruction with a reversed long saphenous vein interposition graft), and endovascular embolisation.

Other rare complications include wound infections (localised superficial infection), problems at the portal incisions (prolonged portal drainage, residual pain in the portal, portal scar dehiscence, cyst at the portal site), type I complex regional pain syndrome, instrument breakage, painful scars and nodules, and a number of other rarer complications.

In conclusion, when performing AA, it is important to remember the potential complications and try to avoid them. When they do occur, it is essential to diagnose and treat them appropriately.
Management of patellar instability in skeletally immature patients
Authors: Sahin Erdem , Tandogan Reha , Liebensteiner Michael , Demey Guillaume , Kayaalp Asim
Published: January 2024

Surgical intervention is the treatment of choice for recurrent lateral patellar instability.

Surgery should be considered for first time lateral patella dislocations with osteochondral fractures or underlying anatomical risk factors.

Primary repair and nonanatomical imbrications/reconstructions have fallen out of favor due to abnormal biomechanics and high rates of recurrence. Anatomical reconstruction of the MPFL using a variety of auto and allograft tissues have yielded good outcomes and low redislocation rates.

Physeal sparing MPFL reconstruction techniques under radiological control are safe and do not cause growth disturbance. Allografts may be indicated for hyperlax patients.

Although no clear cutoff points exist, correction of valgus and excessive femoral anteversion should be considered when indicated.

Osteochondral and chondral injuries are common and should be addressed during surgery for instability.
A systematic review of tourniquet use in paediatric orthopaedic surgery: can we extrapolate from adult guidelines?
Authors: Pintar Valeria , Brookes Charlotte , Trompeter Alex , Bridgens Anna , Hing Caroline , Gelfer Yael
Published: January 2024

Purpose

Tourniquets are commonly used intraoperatively in orthopaedic surgery to control bleeding and improve visibility in the surgical field. Recent evidence has thrown into question the routine use of tourniquets in the adult population resulting in a British Orthopaedic Association standard for intraoperative use. This systematic review evaluates the evidence on the practice, benefits, and risks of the intraoperative use of tourniquets for trauma and elective orthopaedic surgery in the paediatric population.

Methods

A prospectively registered systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022359048). A search of MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and a Grey literature search was performed from their earliest record to 23 March 2023. Studies reporting tourniquet data in paediatric patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery were included. Data extracted included demographics, involved limb, trauma versus elective use, tourniquet use as primary or secondary measure, and tourniquet parameters and complications.

Results

Thirty-nine studies were included. Tourniquet practices and information reporting varied considerably. Tourniquets were used uneventfully in the majority of patients with no specific benefits reported. Several physiological and biochemical changes as well as complications including nerve injury, compartment syndrome, skin burns, thrombosis, post-operative limb swelling, and pain were reported.

Conclusions

Tourniquets are routinely used in both trauma and elective paediatric orthopaedic surgery with no high-quality research affirming benefits. Severe complications associated with their use are rare but do occur. High-quality studies addressing their benefits, the exact indication in children, and the safest way to use them in this population are necessary.
¿Qué es la paz? La perspectiva de personas con discapacidad cognitiva en Costa Rica
Authors: Dotta Brenes Andrea , Salazar Segura Cristian , Solís Molina Alonso José
Published: January 2024

To address the subject of peace, this paper originates from the generative question, ‘What is peace, and how can it be practiced?’ Targeted at the adult population with cognitive disabilities, the study includes students from the Program for the Inclusion of People with Cognitive Disabilities in Higher Education (PROIN) of the University of Costa Rica. The cognitive impairments they experience are deemed to be “mild” or “medium” since they do not hinder the students’ social progression or physical independence. A focus group was conducted with eight people who examined exemplary images (provided in the annexes). The aim was to understand their perception on how visually they differentiate between what is peace and what is not. From this standpoint, discussions on peace, war, and conflict resolution were developed according to the participants’ perspectives. This paper presents the students’ answers and a final reflection on what they consider to be peace through drawings, photos, images, or their hobbies. The study contributes to understanding the participants' perspectives on the topics of interest, how they deal with conflict situations in their daily lives, and how they seek peace in their families and daily environments.
Algunos problemas que presenta el reclamo judicial por injusticias históricas. El caso de la Conquista del Desierto
Authors: Serrano Manuel Francisco , Sanz Ferramola Ramón
Published: January 2024

The so-called 'Conquest of the Desert' was a series of military campaigns that occurred in the current Argentine Patagonian territory between 1878 and 1885. These campaigns resulted in the murder, rape, and enslavement of numerous indigenous peoples and communities. This was not an isolated case. It rather adds to a series of systematic attacks that indigenous people have endured in Argentina. In recent years, as a result of the demands and struggles of indigenous peoples and communities, as well as human rights organizations, some of these events have started to be brought to trial.  In particular, the Napalpí Massacre (1924) and La Bomba Massacre (1947) were the first incidents to receive favorable judicial responses.  In both cases, it was determined that the State's actions constituted genocide and, therefore, reparations should be provided to the current communities. However, the Conquest of the Desert, nowadays, remains unanswered by the State. Considering this scenario, this paper aims to reconstruct the multiple issues that the potential legal claim may face. To accomplish this, we will start by explaining what the Conquest of the Desert entailed. Next, we will explain the concept of genocide as applied to historical injustices. As a third step, we will reconstruct the jurisprudential cases that have addressed indigenous genocides that have occurred in the past. With this revealed scenario, we will address the various legal and political issues that arise in claims for justice.
Derechos Humanos y Criminología: una discusión necesaria
Authors: Villarreal Salazar Jéssica
Published: January 2024

This article aims to make visible the importance of integrating Human Rights into criminological studies. For its realization and development, it was based on a perspective rooted in Costa Rica in 2023. The paper applied the documentary analysis method and selected texts with criminological content related to the subject of study. The methodology was based on the phenomenological paradigm, which allowed for a qualitative theoretical exposition. Likewise, it critically analyzed criminology as a science that integrates interdisciplinary knowledge to comprehensively address delinquency and penitentiary issues. Its main result was the contribution of its unique definition of crime.
The Search for a Balance between the Principles of Freedom of Economic Activity and Environmental Protection in German Constitutional Law
Authors: Juškevičiūtė-Vilienė Agnė
Published: January 2024

This paper examines how the Federal Republic of Germany, being one of the most powerful economies and a state with the highest sustainability ratings in the European Union, finds a balance between environmental protection requirements and economic freedom. The article focuses on the provisions of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany and the constitutional jurisprudence of the German Constitutional Court.
POSTCOVID-19WAR era, reconsideration of enhanced mortality and morbidity
Authors: Alamdary Badlou Bahram
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic era might be over but the POSTCOVID-19 era is showing an increase in mortality and morbidity rate among different patients with chronic disease, in the last 3 years. Accelerated mortality phenomena (post-) covid-19 contamination is a process that could play a pivotal role in the next decades, as well. Previously described the potential mechanism of interactions between cancer and different microorganisms collaboration, which still their exact mechanism in some cancers is not elucidated completely. However, globally, cancer diagnoses appear to be rising. In this Mini review is tried to highlight more about potential association between the COVID-19 variants and a significant increase in cancer-related mortality, via analysis of available (un-)published data. There are different potential causes, which in the last 3 years might affect significantly morbidity and mortality rates of chronically affected patient i.e. pandemic attacks of the COVID-19 variants, and abuse of certain drugs and their side effects. How? And why? Some of the cancerogenic processes that can push toward an accelerated increase inmorbidity and mortality are not completely elucidated.
A ROLE OF THE RB PROTEIN IN THE SUPPORT OF CELL STEMNESS
Authors:   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kovalevska L. , Matveeva A. ,   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kashuba O. ,   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2024

Summary. The present paper is a review on the literature data and our research, concerning a role of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein in pluripotent stem cells (SCs) proliferation and differentiation. The role of RB in the cell cycle, in development of pathological conditions, in the control on cell differentiation, and in epigenetic regulation of expression of the SC-specific genes is discussed, in the light of protein-protein interactions. The present review might be useful for the further studies and understanding of SC properties, as well as the effectiveness of use of SCs in medical practice.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF THE BLADDER WALL AS A RESULT OF THE ACTION OF EPIRUBICIN
Authors:   Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine, Goncharuk V.V.
Published: January 2024

Summary. Intravesical administration of chemopreparations is widely used in clinical practice and in experiments. However, there are practically no data on morphological changes during the action of chemotherapy drugs on the mucous membrane of the urinary bladder. Aim: to establish the patterns of morphological changes in the layers of the bladder wall during intravesical administration of epirubicin. Object and methods: the studies use white outbred rats (females, weight 200-250 g). Epirubicin was administered intravesically. Morphological changes of the bladder wall were assessed by light microscopy of fixed preparations of cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin after 2 hours; 3, 7 and 21 days after administration of the epirubicin. The obtained results were analyzed by the method of variational statistics. Results: the obtained data indicate significant disorders on the side of the bladder wall, namely atrophic changes and fibrosis of the submucosal base. Morphological changes indicated circulatory disorders in the vessels of the bladdemucous membrane and the submucosal base, which was accompanied by a significant nonspecific inflammatory reaction. Conclusions: obtained morphological and morphometric data indicate significant changes in the bladder wall of rats under the action of the chemotherapy drug epirubicin.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ БУТТЯ І СВОБОДИ ЗА НАСТРОЄМ LANGEWEILE У ФІЛОСОФІЇ М. ГАЙДЕҐҐЕРА
Authors: MARINCHUK Yurii
Published: January 2024

У статті розглядається проблема впливу феномену нудьги з творчості А.Шопенгауера на творчість М.Гайдеґґера. Вітчизняні і світові дослідники відмічають, що Шопенгауер є основоположником екзистенціалізму, хоча в історії філософії займає нішу філософії життя. Для розкриття концептів світу, волі та нудьги він використовує закони логіки, достатні раціональні підстави, основи сущого та вищі ідеї. Не можна сказати, що М.Гайдеґґер нехтує таким підходом, хоча б тому, що провідний метод дослідження традиції, – деструкція, – вводить його вчення до неї. За матеріалом статті аналізуються опозиції: метафізичне вчення про волю як річ у собі – свобода, тільки яка й здатна ставити питання до себе (у Шопенгауера людина керується мотивами до вольового акту; у Гайдеггера людина є носієм якості свободи); нудьга як апріорі настрій пізнання – нудьга як екзистенціальний настрій Dasein. Стаття має за свої задачі: 1) дослідження вчення про нудьгу з метою вияву в її структурі аспектів свободи; 2) дослідження паралелей, зв’язку і протилежностей в концепті людини, на яку орієнтовані світогляди Шопенгауера та Гайдеґґера в проблемі можливості пізнання буття. Зроблено висновки, що у творчості Гайдеґґера одного періоду нудьга є фундаментальним настроєм Dasein, який виражений актуальним часу життя М.Г. духом постіндустріального робітничого суспільства. За пізнішою версією – нудьга є певним способом буття-тут, який характеризується тотальним підходом до відкриття собі своєї справжності. Таким чином, Гайдеґґер далеко наперед закидує актуальність проблеми нудьги в її широкому значенні, яке перегукується з шопенгауерівським – рутина, щоденність, коло бажань і страждань, ведення не свого життя, das man. Результатом дослідження, який представляється у статті є розділення гайдеггерівських інтуїцій про нудьгу на дві окремі позиції. Перша залишається у шопенгауерівському дусі, коли вчення про сенси буття, головним настроєм якого є нудьга, сприймаються як засновки ведення життя людей типів da-sein і das man. Друга представляє розрив від екзистенціальної дисципліни до фундаментальної онтології, герменевтики фактичності, в темі якої глибинною нудьгою пояснюється тотальність (постійна доступність до можливостей бути через мислення).
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПОЛІТИЧНА ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА В КОНТЕКСТІ ТОМІСТИЧНОЇ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ЖАКА МАРІТЕНА
Authors: SHYMANOVYCH Andrii
Published: January 2024

Концепція інтегрального гуманізму французького мислителя Жака Марітена є одним із найбільш вагомих інтелектуальних здобутків в царині католицького соціально-політичного філософування у ХХст. Базове цілепокладання автора цієї розвідки полягало у прагненні висвітлити соціально-орієнтовану філософію Ж.Марітена на ширшому тлі його відданості томістично-арістотеліанській думці, але як живій та відкритій традиції, що містить неабиякий евристичний потенціал і нереалізовану здатність для самоактуалізації в новому ідейному контексті. У статті проаналізовано ставлення Ж.Марітена до спроб ідентифікувати та надати чітку дефініцію тому філософському напряму, до якого належав мислитель. З’ясовано, що креативна томістська філософія Ж.Марітена являла собою виважену серединну позицію між закапсульованим, аісторичним традиціоналізмом та нестримним, знекоріненим модернізмом. До того ж сукупність політичних ідей філософа тією ж мірою являє собою збалансовану концепцію, що пролягає між двома екстремумами, а саме, індивідуалізмом Дж.Локка та колективізмом К.Маркса. Стаття також містить стислий огляд історії формування політичної думки Ж.Марітена під впливом Шарля Морраса та антидемократичного реваншистсько-роялістського руху Action française, розгорнутий аналіз ідей французького філософа щодо незадовільного вплетення євангельських істин у тканину суспільного життя західної цивілізації, а також зображення Марітенової критики тоталітаризму, індивідуалізму та секуляризованої форми натуралістично-антропоцентричного гуманізму. У статті використано першоджерела, а також напрацювання таких дослідників філософії Марітена як Д.Ґалахер, Дж.Маккул, Ф.Коплстон, Б.Дуерінг, Ю.Лонг, Л.Ібарра, Р.Макінерні, В.Шульц і українських знавців Марітенової спадщини – А.Дахнія та С.Шевченка.
Політичні стратегії держав у конфліктній зоні: вибір і наслідки
Authors: ZELENYI Volodymyr , KONOTOPENKO Oleksandr , LAPSHIN Serhii
Published: January 2024

Дослідження спрямоване на аналіз політичних стратегій держав у конфліктних зонах. Об’єктом дослідження є вибір та наслідки політичних стратегій, а зміст передбачає – вплив цих стратегій на міжнародні відносини та стабільність в регіоні. Метою роботи є визначення ключових аспектів вибору політичних стратегій у контексті конфліктів, а також розкриття можливих наслідків цих стратегій на рівні національному та міжнародному. Робота базується на аналізі відомих політичних конфліктів та використовує методи дипломатичного аналізу, військової стратегії та геополітичного аналізу. Актуальність дослідження визначається високим рівнем геополітичної нестабільності в сучасному світі, де багато держав стикаються з конфліктами. Наукова новизна полягає в комплексному підході до аналізу політичних стратегій та їх наслідків на міжнародному рівні. Дослідження виявило, що вибір політичних стратегій в конфліктних зонах має величезний вплив на динаміку подій. Дипломатичні стратегії сприяють мирному вирішенню конфліктів, тоді як військова інтервенція може призвести до непередбачуваних наслідків. Гібридні стратегії, зокрема використання економічного тиску, стають все більш актуальними в сучасному світі. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані для розробки більш ефективних політичних стратегій в умовах конфлікту. Вони також надають корисні вказівки для прийняття рішень на рівні міжнародних відносин та допомагають розуміти важливість дипломатичних методів вирішення конфліктів.На підставі аналізу було визначено, що вибір політичних стратегій у конфліктних ситуаціях є складним завданням, яке вимагає ретельного вивчення контексту та врахування можливих наслідків. Дипломатія та розумне використання військових і гібридних стратегій можуть сприяти стабільності та забезпечити національні інтереси, але тільки при уважному та обдуманому підході.
THE ROLE OF UKRAINE’S CIVILIZATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ITS EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors: VITCHENKO Illia
Published: January 2024

The article examines the issue of institutionalization in Ukrainian society with special emphasis on the process of European integration and the role played by civilizational choice and civilizational identity in this matter. The research overviews the peculiarities of the institutionalization process of Ukraine as a post-Soviet country, the challenges it faces in the development of European integration and the general perception of Ukraine as a predictable international player. The author briefly reviews the process of institutionalization of European integration in Ukraine and shows that the European civilizational choice and the factor of Russian aggression play a decisive role in revitalizing this process, based on direct public demand for such institutionalization, which is now less dependent from the changes in political leadership. As an example of institutional changes caused by the civilizational choice of the Ukrainian people, there are changes in the practice of diplomacy, in particular regarding the use of civilizational rhetoric, as well as changes in the very functioning of the state system, which now combines the efforts of domestic and foreign policy departments for the development of Ukraine’s European integration. Ukrainian diplomats turned out to be the environment that was most sensitive to the public demand for a change in the civilizational direction of Ukraine’s development. The article also provides ideas for further development of this topic.
A Study on the Legislative Issues of Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   The Institute of Legal Studies, Kyunghee University, Choung Wan
Published: January 2024

Recently, artificial intelligence with excellent performance has been spread and used. Looking at artificial intelligence from a legal aspect, the main issue is what kind of legal responsibility can be held for the judgments and actions of artificial intelligence. Living in the age of artificial intelligence today, we need wisdom to rationally coordinate the interests of the parties surrounding these legal responsibilities and prepare social systems for a safe life. If artificial intelligence with human-level free will, that is, an artificial intelligence robot that can think and act like a human, emerges after passing through the so-called singularity, the robot will show activities similar to humans, and the era in which humans and artificial intelligence robots live together is coming. However, this situation is still a story of the future, and it can be said that whether to grant artificial intelligence a level of free will similar to that of humans is the greatest task imposed on mankind today. The summary of the legislative issues in each field of artificial intelligence is roughly as follows.
First, legislation on safety and ethics is needed. Artificial intelligence technology is very powerful, and accordingly, mistakes, malfunctions, or abuses may infringe on human life and safety, rights and freedoms, so countermeasures and legal regulations are urgently needed and appropriate. Second, it is necessary to legislate personal information protection regulations. Since artificial intelligence has the ability to collect and analyze personal information, protection and regulation are essential. Although there are already many laws for the protection of personal information, more specific legal regulations are needed for the data collected and analyzed by artificial intelligence. Third, legislation on accountability is needed. Since artificial intelligence works by programs, developers and operators must manage it responsibly. It is necessary to think about the legal regulation of these responsibilities and how to share them. Fourth, new legislation is needed according to economic and technological development. As AI technology develops, the competitiveness and growth of companies are greatly affected, so companies need cooperation and support for investment, development, and regulation to use and develop these technologies.
Accordingly, in the field where artificial intelligence is used, a legal system that resolves issues related to artificial intelligence is essential, and through this, it will ensure safe and effective use while maximizing the benefits of artificial intelligence.
The Spherical Cap Discrepancy of HEALPix Points
Authors: Ferizović Damir , Hofstadler Julian , Mastrianni Michelle
Published: January 2024

In this paper we show that the spherical cap discrepancy of the point set given by centers of pixels in the HEALPix tessellation (short for Hierarchical, Equal Area and iso-Latitude Pixelation) of the unit 2-sphere is lower and upper bounded by order square root of the number of points, and compute explicit constants. This adds to the currently known (short) collection of explicitly constructed sets whose discrepancy converges with order 𝑁−1/2, matching the asymptotic order for i.i.d. random point sets. We describe the HEALPix framework in more detail and give explicit formulas for the boundaries and pixel centers. We then introduce the notion of an 𝑛-convex curve and prove an upper bound on how many fundamental domains are intersected by such curves, and in particular we show that boundaries of spherical caps have this property. Lastly, we mention briefly that a jittered sampling technique works in the HEALPix framework as well.
Optimisation of microencapsulation efficiency of propolis phenolic compounds by double emulsion method using response surface methodology
Authors: Amrane S. , Chaalal M. , Bouriche S. , Ydjedd S. , Rezgui F. , Amessis-Ouchemoukh N. , Ouchemoukh S.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to optimise the microencapsulation efficiency of propolis phenolic compounds by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique (W1/O/W2). The solvent/sample ratio and the polymer and surfactant concentration parameters were optimised using response surface methodology (RSM) through Box–Behnken Design (BBD). For each parameter studied, total phenolic content encapsulation efficiency (TPCEE), free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were evaluated. The results showed that the optimal parameters were: 31.60 mg mL−1 for sample/solvent ratio, 606.28 mg mL−1 for poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) concentrations, and 2.05 g mL−1 for poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration. The optimum values obtained were: 84.62% for encapsulation efficiency of phenolic content, 51.89% for DPPH, and 48,733 mg Trolox Equivalent/100 g dry weight for FRAP. The experimental checking of results revealed the validity of elaborated models and their suitability for the prediction of both responses. The developed mathematical models have expressed a high level of significance through RSM optimisation processes for phenolic antioxidants of propolis.
KONTRIBUSI WISATA RELIGI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI LINGKUNGAN ASTANA GUNUNG JATI KABUPATEN CIREBON
Authors: Azis Tomy Saladin
Published: January 2024

Pengembangan objek wisata merupakan program usaha dalam meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat agar dapat membantu perekonomian keluarga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam kehidupan setiap harinya dengan pengembangan pariwisata sebagai suatu industri kegiatan perjalanan untuk meningkatkan spiritualnya, tentunya banyak aspek yang perlu dipertimbangkan karena dapat dilihat padatnya pengunjung dari berbagai kota yang ada di Indonesia. Saat ini peerkembangan pariwisata di Indonesia dititik beratkan pada setiap daerah masing-masing, karena daerah yang memiliki potensi serta objek wisata dan daya tarik wisata dari berbagai daerah. Wisata religi yang dimaksud disini lebih mengarah kepada wisata ziarah yang memiliki nilai sakral keagamaan yang bertujuan untuk bertemu atau yang disebut dengan ziarah (mengunjungi makam/kubur) atau dapat bersilaturahmi dari berbagai daerah. Dalam Islam ziarah kubur dianggap sebagai perbuatan sunah yaitu apabila dikerjakan mendapat pahala dan apabila ditinggalkan tidak berdosa. Pada praktiknya ziarah sebenarnya telah ada sebelum Islam, namun dilebih-lebihkan sehingga Rasulullah sempat melarangnya.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN CAPAIAN PBB (PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN MELALUI PROGRAM KADARKUM (KELUARGA SADAR HUKUM) DI DESA CIKURUTUG KECAMATAN CIREUNGHAS KABUPATEN SUKABUMI
Authors: Sukmayana Dodi , Anggraeni Tuti , Purbasari Arie Melani
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui implementasi manajemen pemerintahan desa dalam meningkatkan capaian PBB (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan) melalui Kadarkum (Keluraga Sadar Hukum) di desa Cikurutug Kecamatan Cireunghas Kabupaten Sukabumi. Manajemen Pemerintahan Desa adalah salah satu penunjang agar kesadaran masyarakat di desa Cikurutug dapat ditingkatkan. Kadarkum (Keluarga Sadar Hukum adalah salah satu program dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat, salah satu program ini melalui sosialisasi dan edukasi. Peningkatan Kesadaran Masyarakat secara umum menunjukkan taraf tercapainya hasil.  Contohnya adalah tercapainya target pembayaran PBB (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan) di desa Cikurutug. Peningkatan yang signifikan dalam capaian PBB (Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan) dapat diamati melalui hasil penelitian. Beberapa faktor internal yang berperan mencakup kepemimpinan, kewenangan, struktur organisasi, sumberdaya aparatur, keuangan, sarana dan prasarana, tatalaksana, serta budaya organisasi. Selain itu, faktor eksternal seperti kebijakan pemerintahan di tingkat nasional, pembinaan dan pengawasan, serta partisipasi masyarakat juga mendukung pencapaian tujuan tersebut.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) DIMEDIASI DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI: STUDI PADA TENDIK UIN BANDUNG
Authors: Munawar Fansuri , Ependi Maolana , Wildan Md.
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar komitmen organisasi memediasi kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap organizational citizenship behavior. Dimana variabel independen yaitu kepemimpinan transformasional, variabel dependen yaitu organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) dan variabel mediasi adalah komitmen organisasi.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional secara positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior terbukti dengan menghasilkan thitung = 4,888 dan nilai signifikan 0,00. Kepemimpinan transformasional terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasi terbukti dengan menghasilkan thitung = 5,211 dan nilai signifikan 0,00. Komitmen organisasi terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap organizational citizenship behavior terbukti dengan menghasilkan thitung = 13,696 dan nilai signifikan 0,00. Kepemimpinan transformasional memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap organizational citizenship behavior melalui komitmen organisasi terbukti dengan menghasilkan nilai signifikan 0,566. Maka komitmen organisasi dinyatakan sebagai variabel mediasi sempurna (perfect mediation).
Enhancing Students’ Conceptual Understanding and Learning Independence in Chemical Equilibrium using E-Module Based Guided Discovery Learning
Authors: Sa'adah Siti Imroatus , Ikhsan Jaslin
Published: January 2024

Chemical equilibrium is considered abstract so it requires visualization by analogy through electronic modules combined with interactive multimedia teaching materials. This study aims to examine the influence of a guided discovery learning-based e-module on chemical equilibrium on the development of conceptual understanding and self-directed learning among 11th grade science students enrolled in the control and experimental groups. The research framework employed in this study follows a research and development (R&D) model. The participants were selected using the cluster random sampling technique. The e-module, developed based on GDL principles, was administered to 72 science 11th grade students through a quasi-experimental design involving a posttest-only control group. The research employed conceptual understanding test of chemical equilibrium and a self-directed learning questionnaire as data collection instruments. The disparities in conceptual understanding and self-directed learning between the control and experimental groups were assessed using the MANOVA (Hotteling's trace) test. There is a significant difference in both the overall and individual abilities of conceptual understanding and learning independence between students who used electronic modules based on GDL and those who did not, as indicated by simultaneous significance levels of 0.001 and individual significance levels of 0.009 and 0.004, all of which are smaller than 0.05.
Dynamic Divinity in Flux: Tracing Nikos Kazantzakis's Convergence of Greek Theology and Evolutionary Philosophy
Authors: McCloughlin Thomas , Andreoploulos Andreas
Published: January 2024

This study embarks on an analytical journey through the theological perspectives of Nikos Kazantzakis, underpinned by the concept of God's mutability and its roots in ancient and Byzantine Greek theology. Focusing on Kazantzakis's pivotal works such as "The Last Temptation of Christ" and "Report to Greco," the research employs a literary and historical approach to unravel the synthesis of Christian Orthodoxy, neo-Platonic philosophy, and modern evolutionary thought. The influence of Alfred North Whitehead's process theology and Henri Bergson's evolutionary vitalism on Kazantzakis's conception of a dynamic, evolving God is explored, challenging traditional doctrines of divine immutability. The study also delves into Platonic thought's impact on Kazantzakis, examining the dialectic of being and becoming, and the reinterpretation of classical concepts like stasis and kinesis in a Christian theological context. Additionally, it scrutinizes the compatibility of Kazantzakis’s views with Orthodox Christian theology, particularly in the light of contributions from figures such as Origen and the Cappadocian Fathers. The findings reveal a complex interplay between Greek philosophical heritage and Christian theology in Kazantzakis's work, offering a unique perspective on the nature of God and the compatibility of faith with evolving scientific understanding. This research contributes to the ongoing dialogue between religion and philosophy, highlighting the relevance of ancient wisdom in contemporary theological discourse and underscoring the transformative potential of theological thought in the modern era.
Theology of inclusivity and hospitality in the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in South Africa
Authors: Khosa-Nkatini Hundzukani P.
Published: January 2024

This article examines the liturgical practices of the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in South Africa (EPCSA), focusing on its Sunday liturgy, within the broader context of cultural and linguistic considerations. The EPCSA, formerly known as the Tsonga Presbyterian Church (TPC), has a diverse array of liturgies, each composed in Tsonga. Liturgy, as an integral part of worship, has evolved over the history of Christian practices, influenced by various cultures and people. This study emphasizes the cultural aspect of liturgy, asserting that the incorporation of nature into the relationship with God holds cultural significance. While the Tsonga language remains central to the EPCSA's tradition, the changing demographic landscape, with the church previously comprising Tsonga-speaking members exclusively, necessitates a reconsideration of its liturgical approach. The article utilizes a literature review to argue that the current Sunday liturgy may exhibit exclusivity. It underscores the importance of adapting liturgical practices to accommodate changes in the composition of the congregation, emphasizing the unity of diverse individuals coming together to worship a shared God despite their differences.
Arab journalists have no place: Authorities use digital surveillance to control investigative reporting
Authors: AlAshry Miral-Sabry
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of digital surveillance by Arab authorities, who face risks and threats of surveillance, and how journalists seeking press freedom use tools and techniques to communicate securely, such as open source in journalism. These journalists share and rely heavily on an open-source data ideology. With novel methods and tools, they integrate a new set of actors, competencies, and technologies into journalistic practice, renegotiating and transcending professional boundaries. The methodology of the study was based on in-depth interviews from Egypt, Yemen, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Libya, and Tunisia with a selection of journalists exclusively publishing investigative stories at Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism (ARIJ) about corruption during COVID-19 and how journalists are controlled by authorities. In these interviews, journalists reflected on their professionalism amidst the pandemic and rising authoritarian control of journalistic work. The results of the study indicated that journalists in these countries faced many challenges, such as the difficulty of verifying data because authoritarian regimes published incomplete and inaccurate COVID-19 data and used digital surveillance to control news content. While (ARIJ) supported the investigative journalists by using open-source to publish their investigative stories and expose the Arab rulers, journalists from these countries also revealed severe censorship by their respective governments, an element inconsistent with the Arab constitution.