Possibilities of the Influence of Physical Therapy Means on the Course of Diabetes Mellitus and the Development of Diabetic Complications
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Physical Rehabilitation, Ergotherapy and Pre-Medical Care Department. 9, Vorobkevicha Str., apt. 32, Chernivtsi 58001, Ukraine, Shuper S. V. , Shuper V. O. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University. 2, Theatralna Sq., Chernivtsi 58002, Ukraine, Pavliukovych N. D. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University. 2, Theatralna Sq., Chernivtsi 58002, Ukraine, Liakhovych O. D. ,   Bukovinian State Medical University. 2, Theatralna Sq., Chernivtsi 58002, Ukraine, Husak V. V. ,   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Physical Rehabilitation, Ergotherapy and Pre-Medical Care Department. 9, Vorobkevicha Str., apt. 32, Chernivtsi 58001, Ukraine
Published: August 2022

According to the latest data from the World Health Organization experts, the incidence of diabetes mellitus in economically developed countries of the world is up to 6% of the population. Throughout the world and in Ukraine in particular, diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic non-infectious diseases. Complications of diabetes mellitus occupy the third place among various causes of death. The use of modern pharmacological agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus does not solve all the problems of this difficult and multifaceted pathology, therefore the search for non-pharmacological methods of physical therapy and rehabilitation of such patients remains relevant and has been studied insufficiently. In addition, an effective combination of drug and physical treatment methods can accelerate the achievement of diabetes compensation, prevent or cause regression of the development of neurovascular complications. The purpose of the study was to discuss the possibilities of the influence of physical therapy on the course of diabetes mellitus and the development of diabetic complications at the current stage. Results. In accordance with modern requirements, rehabilitation of patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications is carried out in acute, subacute and long-term rehabilitation periods at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment. Properly dosed physical activity has a positive effect on all types of metabolism; this may allow to reduce the level of glycemia, increase the number of insulin receptors and their sensitivity, as well as reduce the doses of hypoglycemic drugs. Physical therapy has a positive effect on the condition of the central and peripheral nervous system, the disorders of which are important in the development of diabetic complications. The level of physical exertions should correspond to the patient's state of health, his/her physical capabilities, taking into account the stage and state of compensation of the disease, the presence of diabetic complications. The probability of success in physical therapy for such patients depends on the complex of physical therapy tools in combination with physiotherapeutic methods and massage. The effectiveness and safety of the physical therapy should be monitored by the dynamics of glycemia, glycosuria, and body weight. Conclusion. Therefore, the modern strategy of complex management of diabetic patients from the standpoint of physical and rehabilitation medicine involves a multidisciplinary approach with the inclusion of effective means of physical therapy, rehabilitation technologies, physiotherapeutic methods, as well as ergotherapeutic measures aimed at increasing functional reserves, compensation of impaired vascular and innervation mechanisms, regeneration capabilities, secondary prevention of diabetic complications, social adaptation and restoration of working capacity of patients