PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KALUS DAN KADAR TANNIN DARI DAUN JATI BELANDA (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: SYAHID SITTI FATIMAH , KRISTINA NATALINI NOVA , SESWITA DELIAH 
Published: June 2020

<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Jati belanda (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) merupakan salah satu jenistanaman penghasil senyawa tannin yang berkhasiat sebagai obat untukobesitas. Tannin dapat diproduksi secara in vitro dan kadarnya dapatditingkatkan melalui kultur kalus. Komposisi media yang tepat sangatdiperlukan agar dihasilkan kalus dengan pertumbuhan cepat dan optimal.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh komposisi media terhadappertumbuhan kalus dan kadar tannin secara in vitro. Bahan tanaman yangdigunakan adalah daun muda yang berasal dari tanaman di rumah kaca danberumur dua tahun. Media dasar yang digunakan adalah Murashige danSkoog (MS) yang diperkaya dengan vitamin dari group B. Perlakuan yangdiuji adalah media dasar MS + 2,4-D (0,1; 0,3; 0,5 mg/l) secara tunggaldan kombinasinya dengan Benzyl Adenin/BA ( 0,1 dan 0,3 mg/l).Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan kalus yang meliputi diameter,struktur, warna kalus, bobot basah kalus, serta visual kalus selamapengkulturan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak lengkap polafaktorial dengan sepuluh ulangan. Analisis kandungan tannin dilakukandengan mengeringkan kalus in vitro dan sampel daun dari lapang danselanjutnya diekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapatinteraksi antara perlakuan 2,4-D 0,3 mg/l yang dikombinasikan denganBenzyl Adenin 0,1 mg/l terhadap ukuran diameter kalus terbesar yaitu28,7 mm, diameter kalus terbesar setelah sub kultur yaitu 31,9 mm, danberat basah kalus yaitu 5,02 g. Kandungan tannin pada semua perlakuankalus in vitro (3,72 – 4,27%) lebih tinggi dari pada tannin yang terdapatpada daun (2,24%).</p><p>Kata kunci : Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk, jati belanda, induksi kalus,kandungan tannin, in vitro</p><p>Effect of Medium Composition on Calli Growth andTannin Content from Leaves of West Indian Elm(Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) through in vitro Culture</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>West Indian Elm ( Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) is one of potentialplant producing tannin which is useful for controlling obesity. Tannin canbe produced through in vitro and this compound could be increased bycalli culture. The medium composition for calli induction was necessary toproduce the optimal calli. The aim of this research was to obtain themedium composition for calli induction through in vitro. Young leaves ofWest Indian Elm from glass house were used as explants. Murashige andSkoog (MS) medium enriched with B vitamin group was used as basicmedium. The experiments were arranged in completely randomized designin factorial pattern with ten replications. For calli induction, variousconcentration of 2,4-D (0.1; 0.3; and 0.5 mg/l) and its combination withBenzyl Adenin of 0.1 and 0.3 mg/l were used as treatments. Parametersobserved were calli diameter, structure, colour, fresh weight andperformance during culture. Analysis of tannin was conducted by usingdried samples both (in vitro and leaves from glass house) and thenextracted. The result showed that there was interaction between 2,4-D 0.3mg/l and Benzyl Adenin 0.1 mg/l on calli diameter (28.7 mm), the biggestcalli diameter after sub culture (31.9 mm), and fresh calli weight (5.02 g)eight weeks after treatments. Tannin content obtained from all of the invitro treatments (3.72 – 4.27%) was higher than tannin from leaves(2.24%).</p><p>Key words : Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk., West Indian Elm, calli induction,in vitro, tannin content</p>