bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türkiye de Kripto Para Birimlerinin Bilinirliği, Kullanımı ve Gelecek Beklentileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma(A Study on Awareness, Use and Future Expectations of Cryptocurrencies in Turkey)
Authors: Boztosun Derviş , Keskin Orhan
Published: September 2022

Amaç –Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de yaşayan bireylerin kripto para farkındalık düzeylerini ölçmek ve kripto para sahipliğinin bireylerin demografik özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini tespit etmek hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın bir diğer amacı ise bireylerin hangi kripto paraları daha fazla tanıdığını ve kullandığını saptamaktadır. Yöntem –Türkiye’de yaşayan bireylere; kripto paralar hakkındaki farkındalıkları, kripto paraya sahip olup olmadıkları ve eğer kripto paralara sahipseler bunların hangileri olduğu ile ilgili sorular sorulmuş ve alınan cevaplar istatistiki yöntemler ile analiz edilmiştir. Toplamda 1211 bireyden online anket tekniği ile veri toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 28 istatistik paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilere; güvenilirlik analizi, frekans analizi, t-testi ve ANOVA analizi uygulanmıştır.Bulgular –Frekans analizleri sonucunda; katılımcıların cinsiyetlerinin büyük ölçüde yakın olduğu, yaş gruplarının 18-31 aralığında çoğunluk gösterdiği, katılımcıların çoğunluğunun aktif olarak çalıştığı, gelir düzeylerinin asgari ücret düzeyinde olduğu, eğitim düzeylerinin ise lisans seviyesinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların kripto paralar konusunda bilinirliklerinin çok yüksek olduğu (%91,4) ve büyük çoğunluğunun son 1 yıl içerisinde bilgi sahibi olduğu saptanmıştır. Herhangi bir kripto paraya sahip olan katılımcıların oranı ise (%22) bilinirliğin aksine çok daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcılar tarafından en çok bilinen kripto para birimleri sırasıyla; Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin ve Ripple şeklinde olduğu saptanmıştır.Tartışma –Kanada’da kripto para bilinirliğinin %89, kripto para sahipliğinin ise %5, Hindistan’da kripto para sahipliğinin %37,5 ve Malezya’da bireylerin %94,7’sinin kripto paralar konusunda temel seviyede bilgisinin ve kripto para kullanımının %80 olduğu daha önce yapılan çalışmalarda tespit edilmiştir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde kripto para sahipliğinin gelişmiş ülkelere kıyasla daha fazla olduğu söylemek mümkündür.
Mitochondrial DAMPs-dependent inflammasome activation during aging induces vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction and aortic stiffness in low aerobic capacity rats
Authors: Canugovi Chandrika , Stevenson Mark D. , Vendrov Aleksandr E. , Lozhkin Andrey , Britton Steven L. , Koch Lauren G. , Runge Marschall S. , Madamanchi Nageswara R.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Low aerobic exercise capacity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a predictor of premature death. In combination with aging, low aerobic capacity lowers the threshold for CVD. Aim: Since low aerobic capacity and aging have been linked to mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction, we investigated whether aged Low-Capacity Runner (LCR) rats (27 months) had vascular dysfunction compared to High-Capacity Runner (HCR) rats. Methods and Results: A significant decrease in aortic eNOS levels and vasodilation as well as an increase in aortic collagen and stiffness were observed in aged LCR rats compared to age and sex-matched HCR rats. There was a correlation between age-related vascular dysfunction and increased levels of ROS and DNA damage in aortas of LCR rats. Moreover, mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, ATP levels, and mitophagy were lower in VSMCs of aged LCR rats. VSMCs from older LCR rats showed AIM2 inflammasome activation. VSMCs of young (4 months old) LCR rats treated with purified mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) recapitulated an inflammasome activation phenotype similar to that seen in aged rat VSMCs. Rapamycin, a potent immunosuppressant, induced mitophagy, stimulated electron transport chain activity, reduced inflammasome activity, mitochondrial ROS and DAMP levels in VSMCs from aged LCR rats. MitoTEMPO, a mitochondrial ROS scavenger, was similarly effective on VSMCs from aged rats. Conclusion: The findings suggest that impaired mitophagy and inflammasome activation in the vasculature under conditions of low aerobic exercise capacity during aging results in arterial dysfunction and aortic stiffness. In older adults with reduced aerobic capacity, mitochondrial antioxidants, mitophagy induction, and inflammasome inhibition may be effective therapeutic strategies for enhancing vascular health.
Ensino bilíngue em Moçambique: entrevista com Professor Doutor Feliciano Chimbutane
Authors: Gomes Silvestre Filipe
Published: September 2022

A educação bilíngue, em Moçambique, é uma conquista da academia e da sociedade civil. O projeto começou desde o início da década de 1990, após ter-se percebido, que uma das causas de maior influência no insucesso escolar, no seio dos alunos do ensino primário, era a língua portguesa. Isso porque a maior parte das crianças que se matriculavam nas primeiras séries do Ensino Primário não falava o português a partir do seio familiar. Na sequência disso, começou-se o projeto experimental do ensino nas línguas moçambicanas, denominado PEBIMO, ou seja, Projeto Experimental de Ensino Bilíngue em Moçambique. O Professor Feliciano Chimbutane foi uma das figuras importantes do PEBIMO, tendo sido um dos consultores do Projeto. Esta entrevista, enquadrado no âmbito de pesquisado do campo para a tese de doutoramento, em andamento, visou a gerar informações da primeira mão sobre o andamento processo da inserção das línguas moçambicanas no ensino.
Synoptic characteristics of the spatial variability of spring dust storms over Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Meteorology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, Al-Abbasi Khaled A. , Labban Abdulhaleem H. ,   Department of Meteorology, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80208, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, Awad Adel M. ,   Department of Meteorology King Abdul Aziz University Jeddah, 80208, Saudi Arabia
Published: September 2022

Statistical and synoptic studies of spring dust storms over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) were performed using surface observations from 27 surface stations and meteorological data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data set for the period 1978-2008. The study showed that, spatially, the northern and eastern AP are the regions most affected by dust storms and that, temporally, the study period can be divided into two subperiods: before and after 1995, with a pronounced increase before 1995 and a smooth increase (decrease) after 1995 with respect to dust (dust storms) types. The synoptic study reveals three main atmospheric systems: frontal systems over the northern region, Red Sea Trough ()-related systems over the western region, and thermal low systems over the eastern region. Additionally, the synoptic study shows that all the atmospheric systems are associated with a favorable pressure (geopotential) gradient area and that the shape and strength of the maximum wind and upper-layer atmospheric regimes are suitable for completely integrating the atmospheric layers. Moreover, the southern thermal low is a common synoptic component of dust-related atmospheric systems, but its effect is particularly pronounced in the atmospheric system of the eastern region.
Scattering of Ultrashort X-Ray Pulses on Diamonds with NV Centers
Authors: Eseev Marat , Makarova Ksenia , Makarov Dmitry
Published: September 2022

Scattering of ultrashort X-ray pulses (USP) is an important component of the diffraction analysis of matter using modern USP sources. Usually, the specific scattering of such USPs is not taken into account to determine the structure of a substance. Taking into account the specifics of scattering on complex structures will give more accurate results when deciphering complex structures. In this work, it is shown that when X-ray USPs are scattered on diamond with NV centers, it is necessary to take into account the pulse duration. The results obtained can be very different from the widely used theory of diffraction analysis, which confirms the need to take into account the specifics of USP scattering when diagnosing complex structures. It is also shown that scattering spectra are quite sensitive to the concentration of NV centres in the diamond structure and this can be used in diffraction analysis.
Beyond the Smart or Resilient City: In Search of Sustainability in the Sojan Thirdspace
Authors: Cooke Philip
Published: September 2022

This paper seeks to explore some of the issues to be welcomed but also warned against in general but also specified from an illustrative sample of ‘smart’ projects that caused outcomes that were neither ‘smart’ nor ‘resilient’. These give pointers to a ‘thirdspace’ as a descriptor of the most advanced application of sustainability thinking regarding relational spatial development planning. This contribution examines difficulties in delivering both ‘smart’ and ‘resilient’ responses of interest or value to citizens confronted with recurring crises that derive directly or with implications for sustainability issues. Identified are constraints and issues acting as obstacles to governance, management ‘layering’ and ‘learning’ causing failures of many weak or never-delivered projects. Critiques of static, or worse ‘magical’ thinking are increasingly invoked in consequence. In the analysis of ‘live cases’ all these problems showed up ‘in real life’. The author was pleased that his mentor, the late UCLA planning theorist Ed Soja’s application of the idea of ‘Thirdspace’ received prescient vindication from the results of this adjudication.
On the Role of Seminal Fluid Protein and Nucleic Acid Content in the Paternal Epigenetic Inheritance
Authors: Patlar Bahar
Published: September 2022

The evidence supports the occurrence of environmentally induced paternal epigenetic inheritance shaping the offspring phenotype in the absence of direct or indirect paternal care, and the empirical results clearly indicate that sperm epigenetics is one of the major actors mediating these paternal effects. However, sperm often make up only a small fraction of the male ejaculate in animals. Males also have a complex mixture of proteins, peptides, types of small RNAs, and cell-free DNA fragments in their seminal fluid. These molecules are in close contact with reproductive cells, tissues, organs, and other molecules of both males and females during reproduction. Moreover, their production and use are very sensitive to environmental conditions which makes them potential modulators of environmentally and developmentally induced paternal effects on the next generation(s). Although there is some intriguing evidence of seminal fluid-mediated paternal epigenetic effects, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. In this review, I discuss the current evidence regarding the association between seminal fluid and environmentally induced paternal effects, the possible trajectories, and the mechanisms in which seminal fluid can involve to mediate paternal epigenetic inheritance.
Gain-Switched Short Pulse Generation from 1.55 µM InAs/InP/(113)B Quantum Dot Laser Modelled Using Multi-Population Rate Equations
Authors: Tunc Hilal S. Duranoglu , Dogru Nuran , Cengiz Erkan
Published: September 2022

For the first time the gain switching properties of an InAs-InP (113)B quantum dot laser are examined theoretically in detail to generate shorter pulses with the application of a Gaussian pulse beam to the laser excited state. The multi population rate equations considering nonlinear gain are solved by the Runge –Kutta method. The numerical results demonstrated that as the homogeneous and the inhomogeneous broadening increase, the differential gain, the gain compression factor and the threshold current of excited state decrease, while threshold current of ground state increases. It was also observed that the contribution of the excited state to gain-switched output pulses depends on not only the value of the inhomogeneous broadening but also the magnitude of the applied current. Finally it was shown that without an optical beam, output pulse has long pulse width due to ground state emission, whereas with an optical beam, narrow pulses having high peak power owing to the excited state emission are generated even though at low currents.
EVALUASI SEISMIK GEDUNG BERTINGKAT EKSISTING MENGGUNAKAN PROSEDUR ASCE 41-17
Authors: Adhitama Yuliar Azmi , Supriyadi Bambang , Suhendro Bambang
Published: September 2022

Gedung XYZ merupakan gedung beton bertulang 5 lantai dengan proses perencanaan ketahanan gempa gedung menggunakan standar SNI 1726:2002, sedangkan saat ini berlaku standar perencanaan ketahanan gempa yang baru mengacu pada SNI 1726:2019. Perubahan peta gempa dan cara perancangan spektra desain menjadikan proses evaluasi ketahanan gempa menjadi menarik untuk diteliti sehingga dapat mengetahui kinerja struktur bangunan. ASCE 41-17 adalah standar yang diterbitkan oleh American Society of Civil Engineers mengatur evaluasi seismik dan evaluasi perbaikan bangunan eksisiting. Proses evaluasi berdasarkan data sekunder asbuilt drawing yang dianalisis menggunakan prosedur statik nonlinier (pushover) dengan program SAP2000. Hasil analisis struktur ditinjau secara global, Gedung XYZ mampu menahan gaya lateral sampai pada displacement target dan memenuhi target kinerja Immediate Occupancy untuk seismic hazard BSE-1E dan target kinerja Life Safety untuk seismic hazard BSE-2E. Distribusi sendi plastis terjadi pada balok terlebih dahulu, sehingga memenuhi prinsip strong column weak beam. Namun jika dilihat lebih detail, balok G2 tidak memenuhi persyaratan ketika dievaluasi menggunakan metode statik nonlinier dengan koefisien gc (DCR 1,14) dan jika tidak dikalikan koefisien gc balok tersebut masih memenuhi syarat dengan (DCR 0,91). Kapasitas kolom dalam menerima demand secara keseluruhan memenuhi syarat dengan rasio kurang dari 1. Setiap jenis kolom memenuhi syarat baik ketika demand tidak dikalikan dengan koefisien gc maupun setelah dikalikan dengan koefisien gc.
Industrial Area Business Continuity Management Exercise: An Experimental Validation for Flood in Thailand
Authors: Kodaka Akira , Leelawat Natt , Watanabe Kenji , Park Jaehyun , Tang Jing , Ino Eri , Kohtake Naohiko ,   Graduate School of System Design and Management, Keio University Collaboration Complex, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8526, Japan,   Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,   Disaster and Risk Management Information Systems Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Japan,   Department of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Industrial Management Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan,   Faculty of Design and Architecture, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,   International School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: September 2022

In the event of a crisis, companies in industrial complexes and surrounding regional organizations that share production bases and operating resources need to manage business continuity through coordinated mutual cooperation in public and private sectors, in addition to their individual business continuity plans (BCPs). This framework of collaboration is called area business continuity management (Area BCM). This note proposes and validates a participatory exercise which contributes to formulate Industrial Area BCM based on a series of studies conducted in the project called Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) targeting industrial complexes in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Thailand. The proposed exercise for enhancing the effectiveness of individual company BCPs through Industrial Area BCM has the following three functions: 1) provision of reliable and objective information to support rational decision-making by individual companies, 2) identification of factors affecting the decision-making and response of stakeholders that prevent the BCPs of individual companies from planned operations, and 3) development of complementary indicators consists of coordination and collaboration with regional stakeholders to improve the effectiveness of individual BCP.
Development of an Inundation Model for Creating Industrial Park-Scale Risk Information for Area-BCM
Authors: Kakinuma Daiki , Miyamoto Mamoru , Nakamura Yosuke , Sriariyawat Anurak , Visessri Supattra ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management under the auspices of UNESCO (ICHARM), Public Works Research Institute (PWRI)  1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan,   Mitsui Consultants Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan,   Department of Water Resource Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: September 2022

The 2011 flood on the Chao Phraya River in Thailand caused enormous damage. The damage was greatest to the industrial sector, accounting for more than 70% of the estimated economic damage, and the resulting disruption of the supply chains of global companies has spread not only throughout Thailand but to other countries around the world. In order to reduce such damage, it is necessary to prepare a flood manual that makes use of past flood experiences or a business continuity planning (BCP) that assumes floods. In addition, business continuity management (BCM) is needed to establish and enhance BCP. Thus, it is essential to obtain flood information on the scale of an industrial park. Therefore, in this study, to provide detailed flood information as above, in addition to a flood inundation analysis model for the Chao Phraya River Basin, a detailed model on the scale of an industrial park was developed. Specifically, we developed a 40 m mesh industrial park-scale model based on survey data using a local aerial laser and the local river channel shape. Furthermore, using the flood discharge and river discharge output obtained from a 1 km mesh model of the Chao Phraya River Basin as inputs for the industrial park scale model for the surrounding boundary conditions, we obtained a more precise inundation analysis. As a result, the flood risk information obtained from the above analysis model can be useful for BCP/BCM. In addition, detailed flood risk information such as road inundation conditions can be obtained at any location, which could be useful in creating evacuation plans for employees.
Obstacles to Early Recovery and Reconstruction of the Fish Processing Industry Due to the Policy/Projects After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Countermeasures: The Case of Kesennuma City in Miyagi Prefecture
Authors: Torayashiki Tetsuya , Maruya Hiroaki ,   Disaster Reduction and Human Renovation Institution, Hyogo Earthquake Memorial 21st Century Research Institute 1-5-2 Wakinohama-Kaigandori, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-0073, Japan,   International Reserch Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Published: September 2022

Construction restrictions implemented in some coastal areas of Kesennuma City, Miyagi Prefecture, after the Great East Japan Earthquake were necessary for reconstructing residences and town buildings; however, they were criticized for delaying the recovery and reconstruction of the fish processing industry that was affected by the disaster. In areas that were affected by the construction restrictions, a foundation development for the Cluster Zone (CZ) of fish processing industry facilities was implemented, and companies were only allowed to rebuild their plants more than three years later when the project was completed. In areas that became designated for a land readjustment project (LRP) several years after the disaster, plants that had been repaired were forced to relocate. The present study targeted the fish processing industry of Kesennuma City and conducted a questionnaire on companies that had their offices in the areas that were likely impacted by such policies and projects. We conducted an interview to understand the specific impact of such policies and projects on company management. Based on the above survey, we reached the following conclusions. First, many companies that had plants in the scheduled CZ, which was determined after the disaster, relocated their plants. Many companies felt that construction restrictions and the foundation development project (FDP) for the CZ delayed the recovery of plants. Second, companies that were impacted by the FDP of the CZ, LRP, etc. experienced delays in the recovery of sales channels and hiring, the dispersion of plants, increased costs due to the move, and the abandonment of some manufacturing. Third, as measures to alleviate the impact on companies of the government preparing industrial lands after large-scale disasters, we discuss measures to speed up project implementation, support for the use of production bases, and other important aspects.
Application of Open Data in Disaster Risk Research: A Preliminary Review Using Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Gao Jingyi , Chen Wei , Murao Osamu ,   Department of Architecture and Building Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University 6-6 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan,   School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China,   International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Published: September 2022

Open data is a practical source for identifying disaster risks. However, few studies have examined open data usage. This study employed CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis to determine the evolution of open data in the field of disaster risk based on the literature. The findings were as follows: first, the existing disaster-related research can be classified into four categories: introduction to risk management and its concepts, multi-hazard response, studies on the specific background or context, and analysis of the technology or methods used in disaster risk reduction. Second, the relevant literature first emerged in 1997 and has rapidly expanded in recent years. Top keywords were identified, such as “natural disaster,” “risk,” and “climate change.” Third, the most productive country in terms of publications has been the People’s Republic of China; however, the low centrality indicates a lack of international collaborations. Fourth, several bursts were found in the collected literature. The term “data analysis” appears to be one of the most pressing concerns. Finally, we identified the research frontiers. The topic “accessible global dataset” has been of primary interest to researchers recently. The results of this study can provide directional references for future research in the field.
X-rays investigations for the characterization of two 17th century brass instruments from Nuremberg
Authors: Albano Michela , Fiocco Giacomo , Comelli Daniela , Licchelli Maurizio , Canevari Claudio , Tasso Francesca , Ricetti Valentina , Cofrancesco Pacifico , Malagodi Marco
Published: September 2022

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A recent finding at the Castello Sforzesco in Milan of two brass natural horns from the end of the 17th century and assigned to the Haas family from Nuremberg brought to light new information about this class of objects. The instruments were heavily damaged, but their historical value was great. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach mainly based on non-invasive analytical techniques and including X-rays investigations (X-ray radiography, X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction) was used. The present study was aimed at: i) pointing out the executive techniques for archaeometric purposes; ii) characterizing the morphological and the chemical features of materials; and iii) identifying and mapping the damages of the structure and the alterations of the surface.
Standards and affordances of 21st-century digital learning: Using the Experience Application Programming Interface and the Augmented Reality Learning Experience Model to track engagement in extended reality
Authors: Rogers Jennifer Wolf , Alexander Karen
Published: September 2022

The development of new extended reality (XR) technologies for learning enables the capture of a richer set of data than has previously been possible. To derive a benefit from this wealth of data requires new structures appropriate to the new learning activities these immersive learning tools afford. The Experience Application Programming Interface (xAPI) and the Augmented Reality Learning Experience Model (ARLEM) standards have been developed in response, and their adoption will help ensure interoperability as XR learning is more widely deployed. This paper briefly describes what is different about XR for learning and provides an account of xAPI and its structures as well as design principles for its use. The relationship between environmental context and ARLEM is explained, and a case study of a VR experience using xAPI is examined. The paper ends with an account of some of the promises for collecting data from early childhood learning experiences and an unsuccessful attempt at a study using Augmented Reality with young children.
Twisted and coiled polymer muscle actuated soft 3D printed robotic hand with Peltier cooler for drug delivery in medical management
Authors: Singh Rippudaman , Mohapatra Sanjana , Matharu Pawandeep Singh , Tadesse Yonas
Published: September 2022

Many robotic hands have been proposed to have unique designs and capabilities, focusing on sensing, actuation, and control. This paper presents experimental studies on a soft 3D-printed robotic hand whose fingers are actuated by twisted and coiled polymer (TCPFL) muscles, driven by resistive heating, and cooled by water and Peltier mechanism (thermoelectric cooling) for increasing the actuation frequency. The hand can be utilized for pick and place applications of drugs in clinical settings, which may be repetitive for humans. A combination of ABS plastic and thermoplastic polyurethane material is used to additively manufacture the robotic hand. The hand along with a housing tank for the muscles and Peltier coolers has a length of 380 mm and weighs 560 gm. The fabrication process of the TCPFL actuators coiled with 160 µm diameter nichrome wires is presented. The actuation frequency in the  air for TCPFL is around 0.01 Hz. This study shows the effect of water and Peltier cooling on improving the actuation frequency of the muscles to 0.056 Hz. Experiments have been performed with a flex sensor integrated at the back of each finger to calculate its bend-extent while being actuated by the TCPFL muscles. All these experiments are also used to optimize the TCPFL actuation. Overall, a low-cost and lightweight 3D printed robotic hand is presented in this paper, which significantly increases the actuation performance with the help of cooling methods, that can be used in applications in medical management.
Performance enhancement of a low-voltage microgrid by measuring the optimal size and location of distributed generation
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Jassim , Alkhafaji Mohammed H. , Mahdi Ali Jafer
Published: September 2022

A power system in which the generation units such as renewable energy sources and other types of generation equipment are located near loads, thereby, reducing operation costs and losses and improving voltage is called a distributed generation (DG), and these generation units are called distributed energy resources. However, DGs must be located optimally to improve the power quality and minimize power loss of the system. The objective of this paper is to propose an approach for measuring the optimal size and location of DGs in a low voltage Microgrid using the Autoadd algorithm. The algorithm is validated by testing it on the IEEE 33-bus standard system and compared with previous studies, the algorithm proved its efficiency and superiority on the other techniques. A significant improvement in voltage and reduction in losses were observed when the DGs are placed at the sites decided by the algorithm. Therefore, Autoadd can be used in finding the optimal sizes and locations of DGs in the distribution system, the possibility of isolating the low voltage Microgrid is discussed by integrating distributed generation units and the results showed the possibility of this scenario during faults time and intermittency of energy time.
Low-cost real-time motion capturing system using inertial measurement units
Authors: Salicone Simona , Corbellini Simone , Jetti Harsha Vardhana , Ronaghi Sina
Published: September 2022

Human movement modeling - also referred to as motion-capture - is a rapidly expanding field of interest for medical rehabilitation, sports training, and entertainment. Motion capture devices are used to provide a virtual 3-dimensional reconstruction of human physical activities - employing either optical or inertial sensors. Utilizing inertial measurement units and digital signal processing techniques offers a better alternative in terms of portability and immunity to visual perturbations when compared to conventional optical solutions.
In this paper, a cable-free, low-cost motion-capture solution based on inertial measurement units is proposed. The goal of the proposed solution is to apply motion capture to the fields that, because of cost problems, did not take enough benefit of such technology. An example, for instance, could be a gym. According to this goal, the necessary requirement for the proposed system is to be low-cost. Therefore, all the considerations and all the solutions provided in this work have been done according to this main requirement.
Lead Industry Influence in the 21st Century: An Old Playbook for a “Modern Metal”
Authors: Gottesfeld Perry
Published: September 2022

In recent years, lead poisoning has received increasing attention as lead production continues to grow and the industry shifts the most polluting processes (e.g., smelting ore and recycling batteries) to low- and middle-income countries.

The hazards associated with lead exposures have been well known for centuries while the industry actively promoted lead products. Less well known is how the industry continues to promote the “safe and responsible” use of lead and support research to question the underlying science and avoid regulation.

Here I explore the historical context for recent actions that the industry has taken to ensure its longevity. Lead industry associations continue to employ some of the same themes that have proven successful in the past. Efforts to forestall regulatory initiatives to reduce emissions and restrict lead applications continue. Large battery manufacturers and recyclers and their associations place blame on informal-sector recycling to draw focus away from their own emissions. They have sought the cooperation of hired scientific experts and have funded United Nations organizations and nongovernmental organizations to deflect attention from their own contributions to global lead poisoning. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S7):S723–S729. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306960 )
Industries With the Highest Occupational Blood Lead Test Results, California Occupational Blood Lead Registry, 2020‒2021
Authors: Armatas Christina , Loper Brandi , Tandoc Adrian , Materna Barbara L.
Published: September 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the focused surveillance of blood lead results of 20 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) of venous blood and higher received by the California Occupational Blood Lead Registry (Registry) because of new legislation concerning occupational lead poisoning.

Methods. We used occupational blood lead results reported to the Registry from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021, to describe the current industries with workers having the highest levels of lead poisoning.

Results. The Registry received 239 blood lead levels (BLLs) of 20 µg/dL or higher for 151 adults with occupational lead exposure in 28 industries over the study period. Worker BLLs ranged from 20 µg/dL to 55 µg/dL. The industries with the greatest number of workers were storage battery manufacturing, painting contractors, and shooting ranges.

Conclusions. Occupational lead poisoning is a health concern across numerous industries in California. The current outdated state and federal occupational lead standards would not require removal from lead work for any of the workers in this study despite extensive evidence of harm at lower BLLs. Strengthened standards could support public health initiatives for worker protection and reduce take-home lead to family members. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S7):S690–S694. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307002 )
Lead Levels in Tap Water at Licensed North Carolina Child Care Facilities, 2020–2021
Authors: Redmon Jennifer Hoponick , Kondash A. J. , Norman Ed , Johnson Joseph , Levine Keith , McWilliams Andrea , Napier Melanie , Weber Frank , Stella Laurie , Wood Erica , Jackson Crystal Lee Pow , Mulhern Riley
Published: September 2022

Objectives. To evaluate lead levels in tap water at licensed North Carolina child care facilities.

Methods. Between July 2020 and October 2021, we enrolled 4005 facilities in a grant-funded, participatory science testing program. We identified risk factors associated with elevated first-draw lead levels using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results. By sample (n = 22 943), 3% of tap water sources exceeded the 10 parts per billion (ppb) North Carolina hazard level, whereas 25% of tap water sources exceeded 1 ppb, the American Academy of Pediatrics’ reference level. By facility, at least 1 tap water source exceeded 1 ppb and 10 ppb at 56% and 12% of facilities, respectively. Well water reliance was the largest risk factor, followed by participation in Head Start programs and building age. We observed large variability between tap water sources within the same facility.

Conclusions. Tap water in child care facilities is a potential lead exposure source for children. Given variability among tap water sources, it is imperative to test every source used for drinking and cooking so appropriate action can be taken to protect children’s health. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S7):S695–S705. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307003 )
Geographic Information System of UMKM Location Mapping in Sidoarjo Regency
Authors: Setiawan Moch Eko Budi , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra
Published: September 2022

Sidoarjo Regency is an area that has a large number of MSMEs. Culinary and handicraft SMEs are widespread in 18 sub-districts in Sidoarjo Regency, numbering in the thousands. There are still a few MSMEs who understand how to promote online, and some MSMEs have gone out of business due to a lack of consumers. Many of the people of Sidoarjo still don't know the location of MSMEs because the location of MSMEs in villages and far from urban areas makes MSMEs unable to develop due to lack of customers. From that problem, the author's goal is to create a geographic information system for MSMEs in Sidoarjo to promote their products to the wider community in Disidoarjo and at the same time provide information on the location of MSMEs. In making this system, it was created using the CodeIgniter framework and MySQL as the database to store MSME data. The results of this study are that it is easier for people to find information on MSMEs in Sidoarjo Regency and with an interesting and interactive information system that can be accessed in various places, whenever and wherever so that they can help MSMEs for their products to be known more broadly, specifically for the Sidoarjo Regency and can also increase sales of MSME products.
Las PROPIEDADES ÓPTICAS Y MECÁNICAS DEL ZIRCONIO TRANSLÚCIDO COMO MATERIAL RESTAURADOR ÓPTIMO EN PRÓTESIS FIJA UNA REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
Authors: Escuza Gonzalez Sergio
Published: September 2022

Introducción: La principal consecuencia de no tratar a tiempo la caries dental es la pérdida total o parcial del diente,una de las alternativas para reemplazar la pieza dentaria perdida y devolver las funciones es mediante las prótesis fijas.Hoy en día existen 3 generaciones del policristal del  zirconio estabilizado con itrio (Y-TZP).Viendo que en la tercera Generación el contenido de itrio se incrementó hasta aproximadamente un 5% en moles (5Y) , estabilizando los materiales aproximadamente un 50% de fase cúbica y un 50 % de fase tetragonal, dando así un zirconio translúcido (5Y) con una alta estética y mayor naturalidad a la corona dental. Objetivo: Identificar las diferentes propiedades ópticas y mecánicas del  zirconio translúcido frente a otros materiales restauradores utilizados en prótesis fija. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluaron 115 artículos científicos de las fuentes de información Medline (vía PUBMED), SCIENCE DIRECT, SCOPUS, SCIELO y LILACS de los últimos 5 años, publicados en español, portugués e inglés. Se incluyeron 51 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de selección que fueron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y estudios observacionales, estudios in vitro y estudios in vivo que evaluaron las propiedades ópticas y mecánicas del zirconio translúcido como material óptimo restaurador en prótesis fija.Se excluyeron revisiones sistemáticas,informes de casos y editoriales. Resultados: El zirconio al ser un material relativamente nuevo y en evolución constante cuenta con estudios en su mayoría in vitro, entre los que destacan los que hablan tanto de las propiedades mecánicas y ópticas que varían dependiendo de la generación a la que pertenezca el material, así como la adhesividad del material la cual es por ahora no viable, por lo cual es indispensable que se realicen más estudios sobre este material. Conclusiones: Podemos mencionar que el zirconio ha ido evolucionado a lo largo del tiempo, proporcionando mejores propiedades ópticas, pero como consecuencia ha ido reduciendo la resistencia flexural y tenacidad a la fractura. Sin embargo, este material brinda una buena biocompatibilidad con las estructuras orales. Por otro lado, el zirconio translúcido según estudios  es un material no grabable, por lo que se busca nuevos métodos para mejorar su adhesión.
Technology Focus: Gas Production (August 2022)
Authors: Veeken Cornelius (Kees)
Published: September 2022

While natural gas will remain an indispensable source of energy for several decades, public opinion seems to be looking forward to its demise, prompted by valid concerns regarding global warming. Case in point: The Dutch government has decided to abandon the 98-Tcf Groningen gas field as soon as practical, foregoing domestic production of some 21 Tcf and the $100 billion–$200 billion in associated revenue. Decarbonization has become a key part of the energy future, in part using technology developed during the past 50 years of significant gas production.

In the meantime, in response to sustained global demand, the development of gas production technology continues unabated. The chain starts with enabling production from an ever-wider range of resources, including source rock (shale), coal-seam gas, deep offshore gas, contaminated gas, and methane-hydrate sediment or by maximizing recovery from existing reservoirs by enhanced-gas-recovery schemes based on injection of nitrogen or carbon dioxide.

Recovering these resources requires novel drilling, completion, and process techniques to ensure that sufficient gas volume is connected and gas capacity is realized economically. Next, proper measurement and surveillance is needed to characterize, analyze, and optimize asset performance. With the advent of the digital age, data has become abundant, and machine learning and artificial intelligence are being deployed to distill its value. While progress is made characterizing the microscopic behavior of reservoir rock and computing power is ever-expanding, predicting the macroscopic production forecast of gas wells and reservoirs remains a challenge, given their unseen and fickle nature.

Hence, a continuous need exists for interventions that mitigate deferment and sustain production. Water in particular tends to be an eternal companion and frequent enemy of gas production. Remedial techniques are indispensable and continue to evolve, again aided by digitization.

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 205119 - The Key Factors of Low-Frequency Electric-Heating-Assisted Depressurization Method in the Exploiting of Methane-Hydrate Sediments by Ermeng Zhao, China University of Petroleum, et al.

SPE 209531 - Dvalin Gas Field Developments and Optimization by Using Inflow Tracer Technology Information by Alireza Roostaei, Resman, et al.

SPE 206195 - Data-Driven Optimization of Intermittent Gas Production in Mature Fields Assisted by Deep Learning and a Population-Based Global Optimizer by Javier Fatou Gómez, TNO, et al.
Identification of RT-qPCR reference genes suitable for gene function studies in the pitaya canker disease pathogen Neoscytalidium dimidiatum
Authors: Wang Meng , Wang Zhouwen , Wei Shuangshuang , Xie Jun , Huang Jiaquan , Li Dongdong , Hu Wenbin , Li Hongli , Tang Hua
Published: September 2022

Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is the main causal agent of pitaya canker. Most studies of virulence and pathogenicity genes have measured expression levels using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Suitable reference genes are essential for ensuring that estimates of gene expression levels by RT-qPCR are accurate. However, no reference genes can be robustly applied across all contexts and species. No studies to date have evaluated the most effective reference genes for normalizing gene expression levels estimated by RT-qPCR in N. dimidiatum. In this study, RT-qPCR data for individual candidate reference genes were analyzed using four different methods: the delta Ct method and the geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper algorithms. We evaluated the utility of eight candidate reference genes (18S rRNA, Actin (1), Actin (2), Actin, GAPDH (1), GAPDH (2), UBQ, and Tubulin) for normalizing expression levels estimated by RT-qPCR in N. dimidiatum at different developmental stages, at different temperatures, and during interaction with pitaya. All candidate reference genes were suitable for gene expression analysis except for Actin (2). Tubulin and Actin (1) were the most stably expressed reference genes under different temperatures. Actin (1) and Actin were the most stably expressed reference genes in N. dimidiatum at different developmental stages. Tubulin and UBQ were the most stably expressed reference genes during interaction with pitaya. Actin and 18s rRNA were the most stably expressed across all experimental conditions. Subsequently, Tubulin and UBQ were further investigated in analyses of pectinase expression during the pitaya–N. dimidiatum interaction. Our results provide insights that will aid future RT-qPCR studies of gene expression in N. dimidiatum.
Double-tract reconstruction is superior in controlling reflux esophagitis and enhancing quality of life after proximal gastrectomy: Results from a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in China
Authors: Zhang Yinan , Ji Xin , Yan Yan , Ji Ke , Jia Ziyu , Yang Heli , Fan Biao , Wang Anqiang , Wu Xiaojiang , Zhang Ji , Ji Jiafu , Bu Zhaode
Published: September 2022

Background
Proximal gastrectomy (PG) is an alternative function preserving surgery. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare double-tract reconstruction (DTR) and esophagogastrostomy (EG) after PG regarding the incidence of reflux esophagitis, quality of life (QOL)，nutritional status and surgical safety.
Method
This study was a prospective, randomized controlled trial conducted in a single institute. Patients eligible for PG were enrolled and randomly assigned to the EG group and DTR group. The characteristic of patients, parameters of surgical safety, the incidence of reflux esophagitis which was the primary outcome of this trial, nutrition status and the QOL were compared between the EG and the DTR group. Blinding was not involved in this trial.
Results
73 patients eligible for PG were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to the EG group (37 patients) and DTR group (36 patients). The incidence of reflux esophagitis after PG was significantly lower in the DTR group than that of the EG group (8.3% vs. 32.4%, P=0.019). In multivariate analysis, reconstruction method was the only significant factor affecting the incidence of reflux esophagitis. The DTR group demonstrated a more favorable QOL than the EG group after PG in the global health status, emotional functioning and symptoms such as fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, insomnia, appetite loss, dysphagia, reflux, eating restrictions, anxiety, dry mouth and taste change were more severe in the EG group patients. Nutritional status was balanced within the EG group and the DTR group after PG including BMI, levels of hemoglobin, serum albumin and serum total protein. The operation time was longer in the DTR group than in the EG group (191min vs. 221min, P=0.001) while surgical safety was similar in the two groups regarding blood loss volume, postoperative complications and hospital stays.
Conclusion
Our research demonstrated that DTR was superior to EG after PG in terms of the incidence of reflux esophagitis and provided a more satisfied QOL without increasing surgical complications or sacrificing nutritional status, thus making DTR a better reconstruction method after PG.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03613142, registered on August 2, 2018.
Convolutional Neural Networks for automated detection of Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Bangar Manisha , Chaudhary Prachi
Published: September 2022

Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) is a diabetes induced pathology which is responsible for degradation of visual health among diabetic patients. Its initial effects are blurred vision and may lead to complete loss of eyesight. Hence, it is crucial to detect the symptoms of DME at an early stage. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are the most preferred systems for medical image classification. This paper proposes an efficient CNN model for automated classification of DME. Additionally, transfer learning is employed for 2 Pre-trained CNNs i.e. VGG16 & DenseNet. The performance of proposed CNN is compared with VGG16 and DenseNet in terms of classifier accuracy, loss function and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve. The proposed CNN has exceeded the performance of DenseNet in classifier accuracy by 0.48% and has lesser system loss function by 1.47%. VGG16 has performed best in these three with classifier accuracy, loss function and ROC as 87.41%, 29.64% and 0.96 respectively.
The Inhibitory Effect of Haloxylon, Cichorium spp and Capparis spp on Cercospora leaf spot disease on sugar beet in vitro and vivo
Authors: Abdullah Ahmed Ameen , El.Nabi Heba M.Abd , Arnous Mohamed , Bayoumi Tarek
Published: September 2022

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is one of the most important sugar crops in the world, which considered the second important sugar crop in Egypt after sugar cane. In Egypt, sugar beet is attack by Cercospora leaf spot disease caused by pathogenCercospora beticolafungal, which caused losses can reach to 40% of yield. In the present study, three plant extracts of Flower ofHaloxylon spp,Cichorium spp, and the leaf ofCapparis spp were used.Different concentration of the three plant extracts (10%,20%,30%,35% and 40%) previously were used in experimentin vitroto determine Antifungal activity on the linear growth ofCercospora beticola .Whilein vivo, the concentration which recorded highest effect againstCercospora beticola in vivowere tested.In vivothe experiment conducted in two treatments, the first one sprayed sugar beet plants by plant extracts before the inoculation and the second treatment sprayed plant extracts after the inoculation. Experimental result show under laboratory, all tested plant extracts at concentrations (30,35 and 40%) showed highly effective on mycelial growth ofCercospora beticolaand inhibited fungal growth compared to the control treatment and (10 and 20%) concentration. Whilein vivoresult show that the treated sugar beet plants with plant extracts before inoculated then byCercospora beticolagive the best result for reduction the disease severity of CLS disease comparing with the control .In addition to result revealed that the treated sugar beet plants with tested extracts after inoculated byCercospora beticolagave the best result for value total of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b which recorded the highest value comparing with the control treatment.