bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coin-cidence? Have cashless payments reduced the incidence of upper aerodigestive foreign body insertion? A study of UK Hospital Episode Statistics
Authors: Jangan A , Watts E , Pankhania M
Published: June 2024

Objectives

Insertions of nasal and oral foreign bodies (FB) are common presentations in the emergency department, with coins frequently implicated among paediatric populations. Contactless payments were first introduced in the UK in 2007, and cash payments significantly declined from 2012. This study aims to explore the potential implications of increasing contactless payments on FB ingestion.

Methods

UK Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) were reviewed between 2000 and 2022. All FB retrieval procedures involving the alimentary tract, respiratory tract and nasal cavity were included. Regression analysis was performed to assess trends in the incidence of FB ingestion before and following the transition to cashless payments in 2012.

Results

Following the decline in cash payments in 2012, the frequency of alimentary tract FB removal procedures decreased significantly by 27.78 procedures per year (p < 0.001). Similarly, respiratory FB removal procedure decreased by 4.83 per year (p = 0.009) and nasal cavity FB removal procedures decreased by 52.82 per year (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study suggests a statistically significant decline in the number of procedures for removal of FB performed in the UK from 2012. Although this relationship is multifactorial, our data suggest an association between the introduction of contactless payments and a reduction in the number of FB retrieval procedures from the of upper aerodigestive tract.
Menderes Magnesia sı Artemis Kutsal Alanı Güney Stoa dan Bir Kadın Başı
Authors: ELİÜŞÜK Mevlüt , BAĞDATLI ÇAM Fatma
Published: June 2024

Magnesia Güney Stoasında yapılan kazı çalışmalarında bulunan mermer bir kadın başının, manto kumaşına dair kat izlerinden yol çıkarak mantolu kadın heykeline ait bir baş olarak planlandığı ve yapıldığı, daha sonraki dönemde işlenerek yeniden işlevlendirildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Magnesia başının yüz özellikleri portreden ziyade, ideal bir tipoloji sergilemektedir. Eser tipolojik ve stilistik özellikleriyle,Hellenistik Dönemde Magnesia’nın bulunduğu ilişkili olduğu yerleşimlerden örneklerle iki farklı yönden ele alınmıştır. Magnesia Başı MÖ 2.yüzyıl ortalarından itibaren Ege Adaları ve Batı Anadolu’da yaygınlaşan Mantolu Kadın Portre Heykelleri geleneğinde, Magnesia Agorasında adak ya da onurlandırma heykeli olarak MÖ 2.yüzyıl sonları ya da MÖ.1.yüzyıl başlarında dikilmiş, mantosunu başına çekmiş bir kadın heykeliydi. Daha sonra baş yeniden işlenerek Magnesia’daki Saufeia, Baebia ve diğer örneklerde olduğu gibi önden görülmek üzere pudicitia pozunda mantolu bir kadın heykel gövdesinde mantonun içine yerleştirilmiş olmalıdır. Yeniden işlenme ve kullanılması için en uygun tarih olarak Erken İmparatorluk Dönemi önerilebilir. Stilistik değerlendirme sonucunda ulaşılan Erken İmparatorluk Dönemi, eserin bulunduğu Güney Stoa’da ilişkili olduğu düşünülen yapıların mimari özellikleriyle de desteklenmektedir.
Manavgat Castle in the Late Middle Ages Turkish Period (1071-1453)
Authors: PALALI Meydan
Published: June 2024

The subject of this article is the usage process of the Manavgat Castle in the late Mediavel Ages Turkish period. There are many studies about the historical development of the settlements in Manavgat and its surroundings. However, no detailed publication work has been make about Manavgat Castle so far. As a result of the on-site investigations and research, the ground plan of the castle has been drawn, attempts have been made to determine its architectural phases made based on the existing architectural traces. Since a large part of the castle has been destroyed, the castle is no longer in use today. The castle, which had been built the Roman period, was also used in the Byzantine, Seljuk, Princely and Ottoman periods. After the conquest by the Turks, the small castle was extended to the south with new walls and became a settlement center in the area. Manavgat Castle, a very important structure in the history of Manavgat, played a key role as an administrative center in the process of Turkishizition of the region in the 13th and 14th centuries. The rulers of Manavgat Castle acted as an autonomous principality and minted coins in their own mint, albeit for a short time.
The Baptismal Well Inscription of Ex Comitibus Leo, son of Leo from the Kırşehir Museum
Authors: DİNÇ Senem
Published: June 2024

Bu makalenin konusunu 2016 yılında Kırşehir Müzesi envanterine kazandırılan, Kırşehir ili Boztepe ilçesinde özel bir mülkün bahçesinde peyzaj malzemesi olarak kullanılmış, dev boyuttaki mermer bir levha üzerinde yer alan yazıt oluşturmaktadır. Bu yeni yazıtta, Zebur’dan bir ayet ve ex comitibus unvanına sahip Leon adlı bir kişinin taşı yaptırdığı yazmaktadır. Taş, bir kuyu üzerinde kullanıldığını gösteren ortasındaki delik ve üzerindeki vaftiz ile ilgili ayet sebebiyle özeldir. Erken Hristiyanlık döneminde yaygın olan vaftiz havuzlarının kullanımının aksine bir kuyunun bu ritüel için yapılmış olması onu bugüne dek belgelenmiş nadir örneklerden biri yapmaktadır. Bu makalede yazıtın üzerinde yer aldığı taşın kullanım amacının belirlenmesi ve yazıtın tarihlendirilmesi üzerinde durulacaktır. Bu amacı yerine getirmek için Erken Hristiyanlık Dönemi’nde vaftiz konusu ve I. Constantinus dönemi ile yaygınlaşan comes unvanının tarihsel gelişimi üzerinde durulmuş, ayrıca taş üzerindeki, yapıldığı dönemin stilini taşıyan zengin bezemeler de tarihlendirmede katkısı olacağı düşüncesi ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Savatra Kilise Taban Mozaiğinde Uygulanan Önleyici Koruma Yöntemleri ve Koruma Önerileri
Authors: KEKEÇ Nesrin , IŞIK İlker
Published: June 2024

Savatra antik kenti, Konya ilinin Karatay ilçesine bağlı, Yağlıbayat Mahallesi içerisinde yer almaktadır. 2022 yılı kazı çalışmaları sırasında Erken Bizans Dönemi’ne ait üç nefli bazilikal planlı bir kilisenin tabanında yer alan mozaikli alan açığa çıkartılmış ve söz konusu mozaikli alan aynı yıl Konya Koruma Kurulu tarafından sit alanına çevrilmiştir. Kilisenin tabanında yan yana iki ayrı mozaikli alan mevcuttur. Mozaikler bulundukları alana göre sol nef ve orta nef olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Mozaikli alanın her iki yüzeyi de incelendiğinde alanın yüzey sularından kaynaklı yoğun bir bozulmaya maruz kaldığı ve yüzeyde lokal hâlde lakuna boşluklarının ve yükseltilerin oluştuğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca kalker kaplı tüm yüzey alanının doğu kısmında tessera dağılmaları ve harç bozulmalarından kaynaklı tahripler söz konusudur. Dolayısıyla elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda yapılan bu çalışmada, mozaikli alanın iyileştirilmesine yönelik mekanik ve kimyasal temizlik işlemleri yapılarak pasif koruma eylemleri ele alınmıştır. Mozaikler üzerinde yapılan koruma çalışmalarında farklı uygulamalar geliştirilmiş ve yeni pasif koruma planları oluşturulmuştur.
Some Remarks and Identification of the Λινούσιοι Κοχλίαι (Linusian Snails)
Authors: YILMAZ Michael D.
Published: June 2024

Linon (Linum) Marmara Denizi’nin (Propontis) Anadolu kıyısında Parion ve Priapos antik kentleri arasında yer alan bir antik yerleşimdir. Her ne kadar Linon hakkındaki bilgiler kısıtlı olsa da, antik metinler Linon’un Parion’a bağlı bir yerleşim olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu makalenin konusunu teşkil eden Λινούσιοι Κοχλίαι (Linon Salyangozları) antik metinlerde açıklayıcı olmayan bir şekilde, sadece “leziz” ve “dünyanın en iyisi” oldukları şeklinde ifade edilmektedir. Linon salyangozlarının, deniz salyangozu veya kara salyangozu oldukları hakkında net bir açıklama bulunmamasına rağmen bu makale kapsamındaki çalışma, antik metinler yanı sıra modern arkeolojik araştırmalara ait rapor ve yayınlarla bölgede yaşayanlar, özellikle yerel balıkçılar, ile yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen bilgileri birleştirerek Linon salyangozlarının türünü tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Görüşmelerden alınan bilgilerin yanı sıra alanda yapılan gezi ve gözlemler, bölgedeki günümüze ait salyangoz kabukları arasında Tonna galea ve Rapana venosa olmak üzere iki ihtimal ortaya koymaktadır. Tespit edilen ve ortaya konacak bilginin daha detaylı değerlendirilmesini sağlayabilmek için ayrıca çevre kentlerde elde edien bilgilerin de baz alındığı bir çalışma yöntemi benimsenmiştir.
Solidarity and social esteem: the case of unpaid carers during COVID-19 in Northern Ireland
Authors: Smyth Lisa
Published: June 2024

This article examines the connections between solidarity and social esteem for unpaid care. Focusing on the moral emotions experienced by unpaid carers during the UK’s COVID-19 pandemic, the implications for the social value accorded to care are considered. Analysis focuses on 32 qualitative interviews with 25 family carers in Northern Ireland during 2020 and 2021. Conceiving of solidarity as a norm whose strength and reach can be gauged through emotional experience, the article argues that unpaid carers’ perceptions of general indifference to caregiving indicate the weakness of democratic solidarity in this neoliberal context, with significant consequences for access to social esteem.
Illness as Character as Metaphor
Authors: Valentine Colton
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This essay takes the fictionalization of illness as an illustrative case study to explore certain limits in character studies, namely insufficient discussion of focalization and metaphor. Engaging four novels—Maria Edgeworth's Belinda (1801), Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility (1811), Henry James's The Portrait of a Lady (1881) and James's The Wings of the Dove (1902)—it retheorizes a character's narratological import to account for other characters' actions, attentions, and rhetoric. It also ventures a literary historical point: that over the nineteenth century, illness evolves from an unspoken factor in the marriage plot into the expressed basis for a mortality plot.
T. S. Eliot, Poetry, and the Ethics of "Feeling"
Authors: Rizq Michael
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This essay offers an account of "feeling"—alongside a set of other, related experiential terms—in T. S. Eliot's ethics and aesthetics, suggesting a new way forward for philosophical poetics more broadly. Drawing on archival resources and neglected aspects of his academic background, it positions Eliot in a distinctive philosophical (and counter-philosophical) tradition which emphasized the "felt" experience of verse form. For Eliot, it argues, the moral and spiritual value of poetry was therefore dependent upon its capacity to make us "feel" in intensely personal, idiosyncratic, and slippery ways.
Tales of (Under)Representation: Afro-Latinx in Spanish as a Heritage Language Textbooks
Authors: Vana Rosti , Padilla Lillie
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The present study examines the lack of representation of minority communities in the existing literature by examining the representation of Afro-Latinxs in texts and visuals in seven Spanish as a Heritage Language (SHL) textbooks, and the ideologies behind these representations. Drawing upon Norman Fairclough's (1995) model for conducting Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen's (2001, 2006) grammar of visual design, this current study analyzes text (readings, descriptions, labels, among others) and visuals (people, pictures, buildings, artifacts, among others) in these textbooks. The findings suggest that Afro-Latinx are hardly represented in SHL textbooks. There were only 38 textual representations in the seven SHL textbooks examined and only 18 images clearly referencing Afro-Latinx. This underrepresentation is in line with the ideology of erasure. In addition, ideologies of collectivization and tourism discourse were found throughout the textbooks analyzed. The present study's findings confirm the invisibility of Afro-Latinx in educational discourse and emphasizes the need to examine representations in Spanish language textbooks and teaching materials.
Antiracist Anger as Social and Moral Inquiry in Colectivo Ayllu's Devuélvannos el oro: Cosmovisiones perversas y acciones anticoloniales (2018)
Authors: Pastor Carmen Sanjuán
Published: June 2024

Abstract: My essay looks at how diasporic, racialized, and sexually-and gender dissident voices that collaborated with Colectivo Ayllu in their first year of residency at CRA Matadero Madrid (2017–18) approach antiracist activism from a decolonial feminist perspective that analyzes gender and sexuality in relation to race and coloniality. I analyze Devuélvannos el oro: Cosmovisiones perversas y acciones anticoloniales , a compilation of visual, poetic, and essayistic pieces curated by Ayllu that emerge from experiential and political reflections, as well as anticolonial actions developed during the group's residency. I read Ayllu's emancipatory thinking first within a view of decolonial epistemology that enacts situated notions of knowledge, beauty, and truth outside Eurocentric frameworks. I also bring to light a concurrent understanding of decolonized epistemology that permeates Devuélvannos 's project and allows for making normative truth claims about systems of inequality and human flourishing. I discuss the consequences of both (compatible) notions of decolonial epistemology in Ayllu's formulation of antiracism activism. My essay bridges critical lenses from postpositivist realist theories of identity, women of color feminism and decolonial feminism to the study of emotions as embodied forms of knowledge that may offer "clarity" and insight into how ideologies and structures of power operate in a society.
Chaotic Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis based on Simplex pulse coding
Authors: Dong Genming , Wang Yahui , Wang Bingjie , Liu Hui , Chen Jing , Niu Lintao , Zhang Mingjiang
Published: June 2024

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a crucial metric for the evaluation
of a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) based sensing system. We
propose and experimentally demonstrate chaotic Brillouin optical
correlation domain analysis (BOCDA) using the Simplex coding technique
for frequency-domain data processing to enhance the SNR. The pulse
depletion in the chaotic coded-BOCDA is theoretically and
experimentally analyzed, where the impact of cascaded SBS can be
eliminated and then the anti-distortion capability is significantly
improved. Compared to the single-pulse scheme, the
signal-to-background noise ratio of the Brillouin gain spectrum is
improved by 2.35 dB, and the data acquisition processing
efficiency is improved by four times with the 15-bit Simplex pulse
coding technique.
Planar and ridged waveguide preparation on erbium pre-implanted fused silica by multi-energy helium ion implantation and femtosecond laser ablation
Authors: Zhao Jin-Hua , Fan Li , Li Bo-Yang , Zang Wen-Zhuo , Liu Ai-Jia , Mao Jin-Hua , Yue Yu , Li Shuang , Yao Yi-Cun , Yue Qing-Yang
Published: June 2024

Ion implantation stands as a highly competitive technique for
fabricating optical waveguide structures within photoelectric
materials. In this work, both planar and ridge waveguides have been
successfully realized on fused silica. The fabrication process begins
with the implantation of erbium ions into fused silica, utilizing an
energy of 400 keV and a fluence of 5×1015ions/cm2 to produce a fluorescence effect.
Following this, helium ions are implanted at varying energies −450, 500, and 550 keV-with a
consistent fluence of 3.2×1016ions/cm2 to create a planar waveguide
structure. Subsequently, the ridge waveguide is meticulously prepared
through the application of laser ablation, leveraging the pre-existing
planar waveguide as a foundation. The guide mode of the planar
waveguide is characterized at a wavelength of 632.8 nm using
the prism coupling method. Additionally, the near-field light
intensity distribution at the same wavelength is assessed via the
end-face coupling technique and further analyzed using the
finite-difference beam propagation method. To substantiate the
practical utility of these waveguides, measurements of the propagation
loss and fluorescence properties are conducted.
On demand design of multi-freedom metamaterial absorbers based on recurrent prediction networks
Authors: Guo Jianping , Gu Leilei , Yuan Xiaogeng , Wu Ruihuan , Ma Qiongxiong
Published: June 2024

Metamaterial absorbers (MMAs) have received a lot of attention due to their wide range of promising applications. In general, metamaterials involve a large number of geometric parameters, so the traditional simulation requires researchers to have rich experience and sufficient computational resources. In this paper, we demonstrate the forward and on demand design of multi-freedom MMAs based on the recurrent prediction network (RPN). We used the variable contribution analysis (VCA) algorithm to eliminate 55 absorption points whose contribution score was less than 1.0, the maximum fitting coefficient (R2) was increased by 7.0%, and the average calculation time was reduced by 20.326s. multi-freedom design is achieved by quantifying the design material into binary features as geometric parameter inputs into the RPN model. We solve the prediction peak error problem by many-to-one RPN, compared with the many-to-many prediction of classical deep neural network (DNN) model, the RPN error range is 0-0.12 compared to the 0-0.25 error range of the DNN. The ultra-wideband MMA design with the absorption of 0.2-4.2µm broadband is more than 90%, and the highest absorption rate is 99.2%. This method can be used in zoom imaging, metamaterials filters and other fields.
Non vertical ionization-dissociation model for strong IR induced dissociation dynamics of ${{D}_{2}}O^{2+}$
Authors: Zhao Xi , Wang Jun , Liu Aihua
Published: June 2024

In attosecond science, a formidable challenge remains: addressing the laser coupling between electron states from different charged molecular states during strong laser-induced molecular dynamics, particularly when the nuclei move rapidly and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) no longer applies. To overcome these difficulties, we have developed the Strong Laser Induced non-adiabatic Multi-Ionic-Multi Electric States (SLIMIMES) approach. We validate our model using a showcase example: water dissociation under strong infrared (IR) laser pulses. Our investigation reveals the predominant role of a non-vertical dissociation pathway in the photon-ionization dissociation (PID) process of $\mathrm{D_{2}O^{2+}}$. This pathway originates from neutral $\mathrm{D_{2}O}$, which undergoes vertical multi-photon-single-ionization, reaching the intermediate dissociation states of $\mathrm{D_{I} + OD_{II}^{+} (2^{3}\Sigma)}$ within $\mathrm{D_{2}O^{+}}$. Subsequently, $\mathrm{OD_{II}^{+} (2^{3}\Sigma)}$ dissociates into $\mathrm{O^{+} + D_{II}}$, with both $\mathrm{D_{I}}$ and $\mathrm{D_{II}}$ fragments potentially ionizing an electron during interaction with the IR laser. This sequential PID pathway significantly contributes to the dissociation yields of water dication. Our calculations are consistent with recent experimental data, which focus on measuring the branching ratio of water dication dissociation. We aim for our model to provide a deeper understanding and a fresh perspective on the coupling between electron and nuclear dynamics induced by a strong IR laser field.
Non-Hermitian dynamical topological winding in photonic mesh lattices
Authors: Longhi Stefano
Published: June 2024

Topological winding in non-Hermitian systems are generally associated to the Bloch band properties of lattice Hamiltonians. However, in certain non-Hermitian models topological winding naturally arise from
the dynamical evolution of the system and related to a new form of geometric phase. Here we investigate dynamical topological winding in non-Hermitian photonic mesh lattices, where the mean survival time of an optical pulse circulating in coupled fiber loops is quantized and robust against Hamiltonian deformations. The suggested photonic model could provide an experimentally accessible platform for the observation of non-Hermitian dynamical topological windings.
Public health partnerships with faith-based organizations to support vaccination uptake among minoritized communities: A scoping review
Authors: Song Melodie Yunju , Blake-Hepburn Denessia , Karbasi Anna , Fadel Shaza A. , Allin Sara , Ataullahjan Anushka , Ruggiero Erica Di
Published: June 2024

Faith-based vaccine initiatives are of growing interest to public health agencies who are looking to increase vaccine confidence among ethnoracially minoritized populations. Despite evidence that support faith-based organizations’ (FBOs) partnerships with public health agencies (PHAs) to increase vaccine confidence, reviews on the scope and efforts to ensure equitable vaccination delivery for ethnoracially minoritized populations are scarce. We aimed to understand how public health agencies collaborate with FBOs or faith communities to improve vaccine confidence among minoritized communities in high-, low- and middle- income countries. We conducted a scoping review by searching OVID MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, and PROQUEST from 2011 to 2023. We included case studies, news reports, observational studies, experimental, and quasi-experimental studies and multimedia content that describes PHA-FBO partnerships that created vaccine initiatives for marginalized and minoritized communities. The data was extracted, summarized, and results were described narratively. We included 167 initiatives reported in 160 publications; 83.8% of the included articles were published between 2019 to 2023. The interventions carried out by PHA-FBO partnerships attempted to increase vaccine uptake using any or all the following methods. First, the initiatives provided digital and in-person platforms for interfaith learning and established training programs to empower faith leaders to become vaccine ambassadors. Second, the initiatives designed and disseminated education and awareness materials that aimed to be sensitive to religious and gender norms. Third, PHA-FBO partnered to apply equity and faith-based frameworks and provided wrap-around support to enable equitable vaccine access. Majority of the initiatives reported that PHA-FBO partnerships improved vaccine confidence and uptake (71.3%). About 22.2% of the initiatives reported quantitative outcomes post-intervention. PHA-FBO initiatives over the past decade increased vaccine uptake and acceptance among diverse ethnoracially minoritized populations. Reporting of faith-based initiatives are subject to publication bias and can be strengthened by examining more evaluation studies and establishment of key outcome indicators to critically appraise intervention outcomes.
Extremists of a feather flock together? Community structures, transitivity, and patterns of homophily in the US Islamist co-offending network
Authors: Schwarzenbach Anina , Jensen Michael
Published: June 2024

Prior research suggests that members of terrorist groups prioritize forming network ties based on trust to improve their organizational and operational security. The homophily principle, which postulates that individuals tend to form relationships based on shared characteristics, can be a key mechanism through which people identify trustworthy associates. Next to homophily, the mechanism of establishing interconnected relationships through transitivity is also well-known to serve this purpose and shape community structures in social networks. We analyze the community structures of the Islamist co-offending network in the United States, which is highly violent, to assess whether homophily and transitivity determine which extremists form co-offending ties. We rely on a new database on the individual attributes and the co-offending relationships of 494 Islamist offenders radicalized in the United States between 1993 and 2020. Using community detection algorithms, we show that the US Islamist co-offending network is highly clustered, modular, and includes many small but only a few large communities. Furthermore, results from exponential random graph modeling show that transitive relationships as well as spatial proximity, ideological affiliation, and shared socio-cultural characteristics drive co-offending among US Islamist extremists. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the processes of homophily and transitivity shape violent social networks.
Associations between regional blood-brain barrier permeability, aging, and Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in cognitively normal older adults
Authors: Denkinger Marisa , Baker Suzanne , Inglis Ben , Kobayashi Sarah , Juarez Alexis , Mason Suzanne , Jagust William
Published: June 2024

Background

Increased blood-brain barrier permeability (BBBp) has been hypothesized as a feature of aging that may lead to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We sought to identify the brain regions most vulnerable to greater BBBp during aging and examine their regional relationship with neuroimaging biomarkers of AD.

Methods

We studied 31 cognitively normal older adults (OA) and 10 young adults (YA) from the Berkeley Aging Cohort Study (BACS). Both OA and YA received dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) to quantify Ktrans values, as a measure of BBBp, in 37 brain regions across the cortex. The OA also received Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET to create distribution volume ratios (DVR) images and flortaucipir (FTP)- PET to create partial volume corrected standardized uptake volume ratios (SUVR) images. Repeated measures ANOVA assessed the brain regions where OA showed greater BBBp than YA. In OA, Ktrans values were compared based on sex, Aβ positivity status, and APOE4 carrier status within a composite region across the areas susceptible to aging. We used linear models and sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) to examine the relationship between Ktrans and AD biomarkers.

Results

OA showed greater BBBp than YA predominately in the temporal lobe, with some involvement of parietal, occipital and frontal lobes. Within an averaged ROI of affected regions, there was no difference in Ktrans values based on sex or Aβ positivity, but OA who were APOE4 carriers had significantly higher Ktrans values. There was no direct relationship between averaged Ktrans and global Aβ pathology, but there was a trend for an Ab status by tau interaction on Ktrans in this region. SCCA showed increased Ktrans was associated with increased PiB DVR, mainly in temporal and parietal brain regions. There was not a significant relationship between Ktrans and FTP SUVR.

Discussion

Our findings indicate that the BBB shows regional vulnerability during normal aging that overlaps considerably with the pattern of AD pathology. Greater BBBp in brain regions affected in aging is related to APOE genotype and may also be related to the pathological accumulation of Aβ.
The leading role of personality in concerns about autonomous vehicles
Authors: Volosin Márta , Kálnay Martin , Bánffi Ádám , Nyeső Natália , Molnár Gabriella Viktória , Palatinus Zsolt , Martos Tamás
Published: June 2024

Development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is growing in a rapid rate, however, the most dominant barriers in their adoption seem to be rather psychological than technical. The present online survey study aimed to investigate which demographical and personality dimensions predict attitudes towards AVs on a Hungarian sample (N = 328). Data was collected by convenience and snowball sampling. Three-level hierarchical regression models were applied: in the first level, demographical variables, then general personality traits and third, attitude-like personality factors were entered. We demonstrated that the predictive effect of age, gender and education disappeared when personality dimensions were included into the models. Importantly, more positive general attitudes towards technology and higher optimism regarding innovations predicted eagerness to adopt AVs. On the other hand, individuals with more negative attitudes and higher dependence on technology as well as those with lower level of Sensory Sensation Seeking and higher level of Conscientiousness were more concerned about AVs. Our results suggest that AV acceptance cannot be regarded as a one-dimensional construct and that certain personality traits might be stronger predictors of AV acceptance than demographical factors.
Embracing the digital revolution: Examining the relationship between ICT adoption and carbon emissions in the Persian Gulf
Authors: Si Haoyu , Rahman Zia Ur
Published: June 2024

In this digital age, promoting economic development through technology innovation and adoption has become a pressing matter, contributing to increased productivity and, in turn, carbon emissions. Consequently, this study employs a novel technique (Newey–West Standard Error Method, Technology Adaptation Model) to quantify information and communication technology (ICT) adoption rates as a proxy indicator for evaluating the Persian Gulf economy’s technology development. Moreover, this study investigates the evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve, with trade openness, technological adoption, and innovation as sustainable development controls. The findings reveal that two of three technological innovation instruments, fixed telephone, and internet subscriptions, increase carbon emissions. In contrast, mobile cellular subscriptions simultaneously reduce carbon emissions in the Persian Gulf. Furthermore, measures of technology adoption, high-technology exports, and electricity use contribute to the increase in carbon emissions. Trade openness also raises carbon emissions in the Persian Gulf. These findings suggest that policymakers must develop technological innovation and adoption strategies that effectively promote a greener environment.
Do Magnetic murmurs guide birds? A directional statistical investigation for influence of Earth’s Magnetic field on bird navigation
Authors: Ghosh Prithwish , Chatterjee Debashis , Banerjee Amlan , Das Shiladri Shekhar
Published: June 2024

This paper delves into the intricate relationship between changes in Magnetic inclination and declination at specific geographical locations and the navigational decisions of migratory birds. Leveraging a dataset sourced from a prominent bird path tracking web resource, encompassing six distinct bird species’ migratory trajectories, latitudes, longitudes, and observation timestamps, we meticulously analyzed the interplay between these avian movements and corresponding alterations in Magnetic inclination and declination. Employing a circular von Mises distribution assumption for the latitude and longitude distributions within each subdivision, we introduced a pioneering circular-circular regression model, accounting for von Mises error, to scrutinize our hypothesis. Our findings, predominantly supported by hypothesis tests conducted through circular-circular regression analysis, underscore the profound influence of Magnetic inclination and declination shifts on the dynamic adjustments observed in bird migration paths. Moreover, our meticulous examination revealed a consistent adherence to von Mises distribution across all bird directions. Notably, we unearthed compelling correlations between specific bird species, such as the Black Crowned Night Heron and Brown Pelican, exhibiting a noteworthy negative correlation with Magnetic inclination and a contrasting positive correlation with Magnetic declination. Similarly, the Pacific loon demonstrated a distinct negative correlation with Magnetic inclination and a positive association with Magnetic declination. Conversely, other avian counterparts showcased positive correlations with both Magnetic declination and inclination, further elucidating the nuanced dynamics between avian navigation and the Earth’s magnetic field parameters.
Plasma taurine level is linked to symptom burden and clinical outcomes in post-COVID condition
Authors: Khoramjoo Mobin , Wang Kaiming , Srinivasan Karthik , Gheblawi Mahmoud , Mandal Rupasri , Rousseau Simon , Wishart David , Prasad Vinay , Richer Lawrence , Cheung Angela M. , Oudit Gavin Y.
Published: June 2024

Background

A subset of individuals (10–20%) experience post-COVID condition (PCC) subsequent to initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, which lacks effective treatment. PCC carries a substantial global burden associated with negative economic and health impacts. This study aims to evaluate the association between plasma taurine levels with self-reported symptoms and adverse clinical outcomes in patients with PCC.

Methods and findings

We analyzed the plasma proteome and metabolome of 117 individuals during their acute COVID-19 hospitalization and at the convalescence phase six-month post infection. Findings were compared with 28 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Plasma taurine levels were negatively associated with PCC symptoms and correlated with markers of inflammation, tryptophan metabolism, and gut dysbiosis. Stratifying patients based on the trajectories of plasma taurine levels during six-month follow-up revealed a significant association with adverse clinical events. Increase in taurine levels during the transition to convalescence were associated with a reduction in adverse events independent of comorbidities and acute COVID-19 severity. In a multivariate analysis, increased plasma taurine level between acute and convalescence phase was associated with marked protection from adverse clinical events with a hazard ratio of 0.13 (95% CI: 0.05–0.35; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Taurine emerges as a promising predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in PCC. Taurine supplementation has already demonstrated clinical benefits in various diseases and warrants exploration in large-scale clinical trials for alleviating PCC.
Supported employment interventions with people who have severe mental illness: Systematic mixed-methods umbrella review
Authors: Patmisari Emi , Huang Yunong , Orr Mark , Govindasamy Sumathi , Hielscher Emily , McLaren Helen
Published: June 2024

Background/Aims

Primary and review studies show that supported employment interventions showed promise in assisting people with severe mental illness (SMI) in achieving successful employment and health-related outcomes. This umbrella review synthesises evidence from across review studies on supported employment interventions for individuals with SMI, to identify key findings and implementation challenges in relation to five key outcomes: (1) employment, (2) quality of life, (3) social functioning, (4) clinical/service utilisation, and (5) economic outcomes.

Methods

A systematic search of eleven databases and registers (CINAHL, Cochrane, EmCare, JBI EBP, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and Prospero and Campbell) was conducted to identify meta-analyses and systematic reviews on supported employment interventions for individuals with SMI, peer reviewed and published in English. Quality assessment and data extraction were performed using standardised Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. A mixed-methods synthesis approach was employed to integrate both quantitative and qualitative evidence.

Results

The synthesis of 26 review studies primarily focused on the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model among various supported employment interventions. Overall, combining supported employment with targeted interventions such as neurocognitive therapy and job-related social skill training showed a positive effect on employment (including job retention) and non-employment outcomes (e.g., health, quality of life, social functioning) relative to standard forms of supported employment for people with SMI. Contextual factors (intervention fidelity, settings, systemic barriers) were important considerations for intervention implementation and effectiveness.

Discussion

Significant overlap of primary studies across 26 review studies exposed considerable variations in interpretation and conclusions drawn by authors, raising questions about their reliability. High volume of overlap reporting from the USA on IPS interventions in review studies is likely to have biased perceptions of effectiveness. There is no one-size-fits-all solution for supporting individuals with SMI in obtaining and maintaining employment. Tailoring strategies based on individual needs and circumstances appears crucial to address the complexity of mental health recovery. We propose creating centralised registries or databases to monitor primary studies included in reviews, thus avoiding redundancy.

Other

This umbrella study was registered with PROSPERO (No.CRD42023431191).
Purchase intention for second-hand luxury goods: An empirical study of Chinese consumers
Authors: Yan Guanfeng , Li Yanjie , Zhang Tianhai , Mu Chenglin
Published: June 2024

Second-hand luxury goods feature both characteristics of luxury products like perceived value including social, emotional, and quality value, and second-hand goods like price-performance ratio. Enlarging the second-hand luxury market is of significance to protect the environment and save rare and valuable natural resources, and thus investigating the determinants of purchase intention is meaningful. From the perspective of the psychology of consumers, the influence of factors related to consumers (recycling awareness, subjective norms, attitudes, perceived behavioral control) and products (perceived value, price-performance ratio) on the intention to buy second-hand luxury goods is explored in this study through an online survey with Chinese consumers as a sample. The results are analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM) and show that consumers’ attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and recycling awareness will promote the intention of purchasing second-hand luxury goods, and the perceived value and price-performance ratio of second-hand luxury goods also have a positive impact on the purchase intention. However, there is no significant relationship between subjective norms and purchase intention. In addition, this study also explores the interrelationship between constructs and draws corresponding conclusions, providing references for the subsequent development of the second-hand luxury market.
Pulmonary inflammation and viral replication define distinct clinical outcomes in fatal cases of COVID-19
Authors: de Sá Keyla S. G. , Amaral Luana A. , Rodrigues Tamara S. , Caetano Camila C. S. , Becerra Amanda , Batah Sabrina S. , Lopes Felipe T. , de Oliveira Isadora M. , Lopes Letícia S. , Almeida Leticia , Mota Caroline M. , Oliveira Samuel , Wada Danilo T. , Koenigkam-Santos Marcel , Martins Ronaldo B. , Rosales Roberta R. C. , Arruda Eurico , Fabro Alexandre T. , Zamboni Dario S.
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 has affected more than half a billion people worldwide, with more than 6.3 million deaths, but the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in lethal cases and the host determinants that determine the different clinical outcomes are still unclear. In this study, we assessed lung autopsies of 47 COVID-19 patients and examined the inflammatory profiles, viral loads, and inflammasome activation. Additionally, we correlated these factors with the patient’s clinical and histopathological conditions. Robust inflammasome activation was detected in the lungs of lethal cases of SARS-CoV-2. Experiments conducted on transgenic mice expressing hACE2 and infected with SARS-CoV-2 showed that Nlrp3-/- mice were protected from disease development and lethality compared to Nlrp3+/+ littermate mice, supporting the involvement of this inflammasome in disease exacerbation. An analysis of gene expression allowed for the classification of COVID-19 patients into two different clusters. Cluster 1 died with higher viral loads and exhibited a reduced inflammatory profile than Cluster 2. Illness time, mechanical ventilation time, pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory functions, histopathological status, thrombosis, viral loads, and inflammasome activation significantly differed between the two clusters. Our data demonstrated two distinct profiles in lethal cases of COVID-19, thus indicating that the balance of viral replication and inflammasome-mediated pulmonary inflammation led to different clinical outcomes. We provide important information to understand clinical variations in severe COVID-19, a process that is critical for decisions between immune-mediated or antiviral-mediated therapies for the treatment of critical cases of COVID-19.
Routeways in Sicily’s Middle Bronze Age. Remote Sensing Analysis of Internal Communication Routes through the Territory of Milena (Caltanissetta, Italy)
Authors: Calderone Dario
Published: June 2024

This research attempts to locate the pathways used during the Sicilian Bronze Age in the territory of the municipality of Milena (Caltanissetta, Italy), in a central area of the island. The study begins by analyzing settlement's superimposition from the Neolithic period through the Middle Ages. Using an interdisciplinary approach, it was possible to identify and hypothesize prehistoric routeways by combining UAV technology, remote sensing, and GIS applications. Thus, studying the ancient movement areas without new material evidence of their existence is possible. This methodological approach is a solution for identifying specific prehistoric pathways across the interior of Sicily. The settlement logic of the hinterland and mountainous areas on the island can sometimes be replicated in other parts of the island. The good results obtained allow us to use this case study as an example of best practices in identifying specific prehistoric routeways through the analysis of topographic features with combined technological methods to study other similar contexts.
Deregulierung der Neuen Gentechnik in der EU: Ein Beitrag zum EU Green Deal?
Authors: Tielbörger Katja
Published: June 2024

Die Neue Gentechnik soll die Landwirtschaft nachhaltig machen – und das risikofrei. Aus Sicht der Ökologischen Wissenschaft ist dieses Versprechen jedoch nicht haltbar. Zudem ist die geplante Deregulierung für alle Pflanzenarten mit unkalkulierbaren Risiken verbunden.
Weitergeben statt vernichten
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Kevin , Meissner Markus , Pladerer Christian
Published: June 2024

Im Jahr 2019 wurden in Österreich rund 246 Millionen Pakete über Dienstleister verschickt. Jedes einzelne der Produkte ist verpackt und kann meist kostenlos zurückgesandt werden. Dadurch ergeben sich immense logistische und abfalltechnische Herausforderungen, hinzu kommen die Anforderungen des Umwelt- und  Klimaschutzes sowie der Kreislaufwirtschaft. Wie können wir diesen Herausforderungen begegnen?
SUBSIDI PEMBELIAN MOTOR LISTRIK RODA DUA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN DAYA BELI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Astuti Ismaya Indri
Published: June 2024

The Indonesian Government's commitment to entering the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era is demonstrated by the launch of the Making Indonesia 4.0 movement. Making Indonesia 4.0 has focused on five manufacturing sectors, including the food and beverage industry, textiles and clothing, chemicals, automotive and electronics. In the automotive and electronics sector, we strive to become the largest car manufacturer in ASEAN and develop the capabilities of the domestic electronics sector industry. As a form of effort to accelerate the formation of an electric vehicle ecosystem, the Government issued a policy regarding the expansion of recipients of the assistance program for purchasing two-wheeled electric motorbikes. This policy was marked by the issuance of Minister of Industry Regulation number 21 of 2023 concerning Amendments to Minister of Industry Regulation number 6 of 2023 concerning Guidelines for Providing Government Assistance for the Purchase of Two-Wheeled Battery-Based Electric Motorized Vehicles. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, which will discuss providing subsidies for the purchase of two-wheeled electric motorbikes to increase people's purchasing power. This research is supported by literature data related to subsidies for electric motorbikes and sales of electric motorbikes, as well as various policy documents, regulations and legislation related to the provision of subsidies, as well as data related to the use of two-wheeled electric motorbikes in Indonesia. With the issuance of a policy from the Ministry of Industry, this research can answer the problem that we want to research, namely that providing subsidies can increase the selling value of electric motorbikes so that they can compete in the market.
RESEARCH TREND OF CULTURAL VILLAGE AS A COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE 2000-2020
Authors: Sulistiono Bagus , Purbokusumo Yuyun
Published: June 2024

This study aims to collect, review, synthesize, and analyze a collection of scientific articles that focus on discussing the outcomes or results of a form of community-based tourism (CBT) practices worldwide. The specific form of CBT examined in this study is the Cultural Village and similar village-based initiatives. The research period spans over 20 years, from 2000 to 2020. In addition to examining the evolution of research trends and mapping the literature on these topics, this study proposes a framework for assessing the outcomes of this form of community-based tourism. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was employed to collect and analyze relevant scientific articles. The SLR method involves at least six main stages. Ten scientific literature databases served as sources of information for retrieving related articles. A total of 61 articles were selected during the search and filtering process. The primary findings indicate that properly managed Cultural Villages can positively impact three main aspects: the economy, the environment, and the socio-culture. This phenomenon is termed the "Multiplier Effect" of Cultural Villages by the researcher
COMPARATIVE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND INDONESIA
Authors: Jannial Jacklyn , Atan Mohd Izzuddin , Philiphus Yudik , Johari Mohd Azri
Published: June 2024

An administration is known as a collaborative process that carried by a group of people to achieve goals together; meanwhile a comparative is a process that involve systematic observation of similarities or dissimilarities existed between two or more branches or subjects. A qualitative method of research was used in this article which applies secondary data. Thus, this article aims to study the differences between the public administration between Malaysia and Indonesia in terms of Sociocultural and socioeconomic approach, Political and system approach, and philosophical approach.