bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Esophageal Lipomatosis: An Incidental Benign Discovery
Authors: Matli Venkata Vinod Kumar , Devagudi Deepthi , Cooney Brian , Murthy Uma
Published: September 2021

Gastrointestinal (GI) lipomatosis has been reported in the GI medicine literature, but esophageal lipomatosis has never been reported at all. We report the case of an 86-year-old man with multiple medical comorbidities who was admitted to our hospital for community-acquired pneumonia. Computed tomography angiography of his pulmonary arteries ruled out the possibility of pulmonary embolism but showed a 9-mm circumferential wall thickening in the proximal esophagus measuring −172 HU, which is similar in opacity to the adipose tissue. The patient was asymptomatic and without any current or prior symptoms of dysphagia or odynophagia. The barium esophagogram was unremarkable; there were no strictures, masses, or mucosal abnormalities. There was no evidence of esophageal dilatation on either imaging modality. Esophageal lipomatosis is only described in a few case reports in the radiological literature and, to our knowledge, has not been reported in the GI literature at all. It is important to highlight in the GI literature this as a benign entity that does not cause symptoms and typically does not warrant invasive diagnostic or therapeutic interventions.
Peripheral Hearing Loss and Its Association with Cognition among Ethnic Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Nicholas Sean Olivia , Koh Emily Jiali , Wee Shiou Liang , Eikelboom Robert H. , Jayakody Dona M.P. , Lin Frank , Ng Tze Pin , Heywood Rebecca L.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Many studies on hearing loss (HL) and cognition are limited by subjective hearing assessments and verbally administered cognition tests, the majority of the document findings in Western populations. This study aimed to assess the association of HL with cognitive impairment among ethnic Chinese Singaporean older adults using visually presented cognitive tests. Methods: The hearing of community-dwelling older adults was assessed using pure tone audiometry. Cognitive function was assessed using the Computerized Cambridge Cognitive Test Battery (CANTAB). Multiple regression analyses examined the association between hearing and cognitive function, adjusted for age, education, and gender. Results: HL (pure-tone average [PTA] of thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz in the better ear, BE4PTA) was associated with reduced performance in delayed matching and multitasking tasks (β = −0.25, p = 0.019, and β = 0.02, p = 0.023, respectively). Moderate to severe HL was associated with reduced performance in delayed matching and verbal recall memory tasks (β = −10.6, p = 0.019, and β = −0.28, p = 0.042). High-frequency HL was associated with reduced performance in the spatial working memory task (β = 0.004, p = 0.022). All-frequency HL was associated with reduced performance in spatial working memory and multitasking (β = 0.01, p = 0.040, and β = 0.02, p = 0.048). Conclusion: Similar to Western populations, HL among tonal language-speaking ethnic Chinese was associated with worse performance in tasks requiring working memory and executive function.
A criação de uma marca-lugar a partir dos enunciados políticos: as cidades como organizações discursivas
Authors: Soares Rodrigo Maurício Freire
Published: September 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a relação entre o discurso político e os aspectos simbólicos que integram a ideia de marca-lugar. A fundamentação teórica considera perspectivas de discurso, marca cidade e marca. Os resultados indicam que o discurso político é parte integrante da visão de cidade, estabelecendo-se como um elemento do contrato de comunicação entre os governantes e a população.
Práticas articulatórias em contextos organizacionais: discursos do cooperativismo de crédito rural solidário em Minas Gerais
Authors: Martins Márcia Eliana , Mafra Rennan Lanna Martins
Published: September 2021

Este artigo examina como a cooperação e a solidariedade são tensionadas em práticas articulatórias nos contextos organizacionais do cooperativismo de crédito rural solidário, a partir da investigação de campos discursivos da cooperativa Cresol Tombos, em Minas Gerais. Por meio da análise do discurso da comunicação organizacional, o texto aponta, como resultados, a figuração de campos discursivos que promovem articulações da cooperação e da solidariedade com lógicas de instituições financeiras tradicionais, opostas aos princípios fundantes das cooperativas de crédito rural solidário.
Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models
Authors: Beatty Alexis L. , Brown Todd M. , Corbett Mollie , Diersing Dean , Keteyian Steven J. , Mola Ana , Stolp Haley , Wall Hilary K. , Sperling Laurence S.
Published: September 2021

This article describes the October 2020 proceedings of the Million Hearts Cardiac Rehabilitation Think Tank: Accelerating New Care Models, convened with representatives from professional organizations, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, academic institutions, federal agencies, payers, and patient representative groups. As CR delivery evolves, terminology is evolving to reflect not where activities occur (eg, center, home) but how CR is delivered: in-person synchronous, synchronous with real-time audiovisual communication (virtual), or asynchronous (remote). Patients and CR staff may interact through ≥1 delivery modes. Though new models may change how CR is delivered and who can access CR, new models should not change what is delivered—a multidisciplinary program addressing CR core components. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency, Medicare issued waivers to allow virtual CR; it is unclear whether these waivers will become permanent policy post-public health emergency. Given CR underuse and disparities in delivery, new models must equitably address patient and health system contributors to disparities. Strategies for implementing new CR care models address safety, exercise prescription, monitoring, and education. The available evidence supports the efficacy and safety of new CR care models. Still, additional research should study diverse populations, impact on patient-centered outcomes, effect on long-term outcomes and health care utilization, and implementation in diverse settings. CR is evolving to include in-person synchronous, virtual, and remote modes of delivery; there is significant enthusiasm for implementing new care models and learning how new care models can broaden access to CR, improve patient outcomes, and address health inequities.
CCL2 (C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2) Biomarker Responses in Central Versus Peripheral Compartments After Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Shi Jingfei , Li Wenlu , Zhang Fang , Park Ji Hyun , An Hong , Guo Shuzhen , Duan Yunxia , Wu Di , Hayakawa Kazuhide , Lo Eng H. , Ji Xunming
Published: September 2021

Background and Purpose:

Inflammatory mediators in blood have been proposed as potential biomarkers in stroke. However, a direct relationship between these circulating factors and brain-specific ischemic injury remains to be fully defined.

Methods:

An unbiased screen in a nonhuman primate model of stroke was used to find out the most responsive circulating biomarker flowing ischemic stroke. Then this phenomenon was checked in human beings and mice. Finally, we observed the temporospatial responsive characteristics of this biomarker after ischemic brain injury in mice to evaluate the direct relationship between this circulating factor and central nervous system–specific ischemic injury.

Results:

In a nonhuman primate model, an unbiased screen revealed CCL2 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2) as a major response factor in plasma after stroke. In mouse models of focal cerebral ischemia, plasma levels of CCL2 showed a transient response, that is, rapidly elevated by 2 to 3 hours postischemia but then renormalized back to baseline levels by 24 hours. However, a different CCL2 temporal profile was observed in whole brain homogenate, cerebrospinal fluid, and isolated brain microvessels, with a progressive increase over 24 hours, demonstrating a mismatch between brain versus plasma responses. In contrast to the lack of correlation with central nervous system responses, 2 peripheral compartments showed transient profiles that matched circulating plasma signatures. CCL2 protein in lymph nodes and adipose tissue was significantly increased at 2 hours and renormalized by 24 hours.

Conclusions:

These findings may provide a cautionary tale for biomarker pursuits in plasma. Besides a direct central nervous system response, peripheral organs may also contribute to blood signatures in complex and indirect ways.
Does Developmental Education Reform Help or Hinder the Success of Language Minority Students? An Exploration by Language Minority, ESOL, and Foreign-Born Status
Authors: Mokher Christine G. , Park-Gaghan Toby J. , Hu Shouping
Published: September 2021

Community colleges may face challenges supporting the unique needs of language minority (LM) students whose primary language is not English. Florida provides a unique context for examining whether LM students who are considered underprepared for college-level coursework benefit more from traditional developmental education programs in reading and writing, or reformed programs that allow most students to accelerate or even bypass developmental requirements while providing additional support services. Utilizing statewide data from first-time-in-college students at all twenty-eight Florida College System institutions, we use an interrupted time-series design with an analysis of heterogenous effects to compare first year course-taking outcomes in English before and after Florida's developmental education reform for LM versus non-LM students. We also consider the intersecting identities of LM students by further disaggregating results based on whether students took high school courses in English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL), and for native-born versus foreign-born students. The findings suggest that while the reform's benefits are similar for LM and non-LM students overall, there are important differences among LM subgroups indicating that ESOL and foreign-born students may benefit most.
Analyzing sentiments in peer review reports: Evidence from two science funding agencies
Authors: Luo Junwen , Feliciani Thomas , Reinhart Martin , Hartstein Judith , Das Vineeth , Alabi Olalere , Shankar Kalpana
Published: September 2021

Using a novel combination of methods and data sets from two national funding agency contexts, this study explores whether review sentiment can be used as a reliable proxy for understanding peer reviewer opinions. We measure reviewer opinions via their review sentiments on both specific review subjects and proposals’ overall funding worthiness with three different methods: manual content analysis and two dictionary-based sentiment analysis algorithms (TextBlob and VADER). The reliability of review sentiment to detect reviewer opinions is addressed by its correlation with review scores and proposals’ rankings and funding decisions. We find in our samples that review sentiments correlate with review scores or rankings positively, and the correlation is stronger for manually coded than for algorithmic results; manual and algorithmic results are overall correlated across different funding programs, review sections, languages, and agencies, but the correlations are not strong; and manually coded review sentiments can quite accurately predict whether proposals are funded, whereas the two algorithms predict funding success with moderate accuracy. The results suggest that manual analysis of review sentiments can provide a reliable proxy of grant reviewer opinions, whereas the two SA algorithms can be useful only in some specific situations.
Identification of second instar larvae of Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) in Brazil and Argentina
Authors: LIMA ÉLISON FABRÍCIO B. , O’DONNELL CHERYLE A. , SOUSA YAGO LUCAS C. , ZAMAR MARÍA INÉS
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we present an illustrated key to second instar larvae of 17 of the 25 Panchaetothripinae species recorded in Brazil and Argentina, several of which are pests of many crops. In addition, comments on morphology and host associations are provided. Heliothrips longisensibilis is recorded for the first time in Argentina.
Easterly Waves in the East Pacific during the OTREC 2019 Field Campaign
Authors: Huaman Lidia , Maloney Eric D. , Schumacher Courtney , Kiladis George N.
Published: September 2021

Easterly waves (EWs) are off-equatorial tropical synoptic disturbances with a westward phase speed between 11 and 14 m s−1. Over the east Pacific in boreal summer, the combination of EWs and other synoptic disturbances, plus local mechanisms associated with sea surface temperature (SST) gradients, define the climatological structure of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The east Pacific ITCZ has both deep and shallow convection that is linked to deep and shallow meridional circulations, respectively. The deep convection is located around 9°N over warm SSTs. The shallow convection is located around 6°N and is driven by the meridional SST gradient south of the ITCZ. This study aims to document the interaction between east Pacific EWs and the deep and shallow meridional circulations during the Organization of Tropical East Pacific Convection (OTREC) field campaign in 2019 using field campaign observations, ERA5, and satellite precipitation. We identified three EWs during the OTREC period using precipitation and dynamical fields. Composite analysis shows that the convectively active part of the EW enhances ITCZ deep convection and is associated with an export of column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) by vertical advection. The subsequent convectively suppressed, anticyclonic part of the EW produces an increase of moisture and column-integrated MSE by horizontal advection that likely enhances shallow convection and the shallow overturning flow at 850 hPa over the southern part of the ITCZ. Therefore, EWs appear to strongly modulate shallow and deep circulations in the east Pacific ITCZ.
Impact of the Agulhas Current on southern Africa precipitation: a modelling study
Authors: Imbol Nkwinkwa Njouodo Arielle Stela , Rouault Mathieu , Keenlyside Noel , Koseki Shunya
Published: September 2021

The Agulhas Current (AC) creates a sharp temperature gradient with the surrounding ocean, leading to a large turbulent flux of moisture from ocean to atmosphere. We use two simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to show the seasonal impact of the warm core of the AC on southern Africa precipitation. In one simulation the sea surface temperature (SST) of the AC is similar to satellite observations, while the second uses satellite SST observations spatially smoothed to reduce the temperature of the core of the AC by ~1.5°C. We show that decreasing the SST of the AC reduces the precipitation of the wettest seasons (austral summer and autumn) inland. Over the ocean, reducing the SST reduces precipitation, low-level wind convergence, SST and SLP Laplacian above the AC in all seasons, consistent with the pressure adjustment mechanism. Moreover, winter precipitation above the Current may be also related to increased latent flux. In summer and autumn, the AC SST reduction is also associated with decreased precipitation further inland (more than 1.5 mm/day), caused by an atmospheric circulation that decreases the horizontal moisture flux from the AC to South Africa. The reduction is also associated with higher geopotential height extending from the surface east and over the AC to the mid-troposphere over southeastern Africa. The westward tilted geopotential height is consistent with the linear response to shallow diabatic heating in midlatitudes. An identical mechanism occurs in spring but is weaker. Winter rainfall response is confined above the AC.
Bridging Endocrine Therapy for HR+/HER2- Resectable Breast Cancer: Is it Safe?
Authors: Iles Kathleen A. , Thornton Madeline , Park Jihye , Roberson Mya , Spanheimer Philip M. , Ollila David W. , Gallagher Kristalyn
Published: September 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has required new treatment paradigms to limit exposures and optimize hospital resources, including the use of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAET) as bridging therapy for HR+/HER2-invasive tumors and DCIS. While this approach has been used in locally advanced disease, it is unclear how it may affect outcomes in resectable HR+/HER2- tumors.

Methods

Women ≥18 years diagnosed with in situ (Tis) or non-metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer from March-May 2019 and 2020 were included. Fisher’s exact test and two-sample t test were used to compare baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes between strata. Sub-analysis was performed between patients who received primary surgery vs a bridging NAET approach.

Results

Despite similar clinical characteristics, patients in 2019 were more likely to have a surgery-first approach (75% vs 42%, P-value = .0007), receive surgery sooner (22 vs 29 days, P-value < .001), and within 60 days from diagnosis date (100% vs 85%, P-value = .0301). Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy was a more prevalent approach in 2020 (48% vs 7%, P-value < .0001). Rates of clinical to pathologic up-staging remained consistent across primary surgery vs bridging NAET subgroups ( P-value = .9253).

Discussion

Pandemic-driven treatment protocols provide a unique opportunity to assess the utility of bridging endocrine therapy for resectable HR+/HER2- tumors. Differences in clinical and pathologic staging were similar across groups and did not appear to be affected by receipt of NAET. Our limited cohort demonstrates this strategic therapeutic avenue can optimize health care utilization and may be a reasonable approach when delaying surgery is preferred.
Efficacy and Safety of Whole Blood Transfusion in Non-Trauma Patients
Authors: Smith Alison A. , Alkhateb Rahaf , Braverman Maxwell , Shahan Charles P. , Axtman Benjamin , Nicholson Susannah , Greebon Leslie , Eastridge Brian , Jonas Rachelle B. , Stewart Ronald , Schaefer Randi , Foster Mark , Jenkins Donald
Published: September 2021

Whole blood (WB) transfusion for trauma patients with severe hemorrhage has demonstrated early successful outcomes compared to conventional component therapy. The objective of this study was to demonstrate WB transfusion in the non-trauma patient. Consecutive adult patients receiving WB transfusion at a single academic institution were reviewed from February 2018 to January 2020. Outcomes measured were mortality and transfusion-related reactions. A total of 237 patients who received WB were identified with 55 (23.2%) non-trauma patients. Eight patients (14.5%) received pre-hospital WB. The most common etiology of non-traumatic hemorrhage was gastrointestinal bleeding (43.6%, n = 24/55). Approximately half of the non-trauma patients (n = 28/55) received component therapy. Transfusion-related events occurred in 3 patients. This study demonstrated that non-trauma patients could receive WB transfusions safely with infrequent transfusion-related events. Future studies should focus on determining if outcomes are improved in non-trauma patients who receive WB transfusions and defining specific transfusion criteria for this population.
Admission of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Undergoing Ambulatory Surgery in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Wu Vincent , Lo Nick , Lin R. Jun , Zirkle Molly , Anderson Jennifer , Lee John M.
Published: September 2021

Objectives:

Within Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are frequently encountered. To implement policies and screening measures for admission of OSA patients undergoing ambulatory surgery, actual rates of admission must first be determined. We aimed to evaluate rates and reasons for admission of OSA patients after ambulatory OHNS surgery.

Methods:

Retrospective chart review was undertaken of all OSA patients undergoing elective day-surgery OHNS procedures at a tertiary center from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. The primary outcome measure was percentage of OSA patients admitted to hospital after ambulatory OHNS surgery. Secondary outcome measures included reasons for admission. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, perioperative complications, and patient demographics were captured.

Results:

There were 118 OSA patients, out of 1942 cases performed during the review period. Thirty-eight were excluded as the procedures were not considered ambulatory. The remaining 80 OSA patients were included for analysis, with an average age of 51.7, SD 13.8, and 30 (38%) females. The admission rate was 47.5% (38/80 patients). Admitted patients were older ( P = .0061), and had higher ASA ( P = .039). Indication for surgery or type of surgery did not differ among admitted and non-admitted patients. The majority of patients, 97% (37/38 patients), were admitted for post-operative monitoring.

Conclusion:

More than half of OSA patients did not require admission to hospital after ambulatory OHNS surgery, unaffected by indications for surgery or type of surgery. Higher ASA score and older age were found in admitted as compared to non-admitted patients.
The Dissemination of Scottish Theology: T&T Clark
Authors: Riches John
Published: September 2021

This chapter outlines the history of the Scottish family firm of publishers T&T Clark, which for nearly 200 years made a significant contribution to the development of an historical and critical approach to theological study. This was chiefly effected through a series of publications of mostly German-speaking works of theology and biblical studies. It is suggested that these were principally of a mediating kind, seeking to achieve a complementarity between forms of confessional Protestant belief and theology on the one hand and historical and philosophical studies on the other. This reached a climax in the early twentieth century with the publication of major works by Ritschl and Schleiermacher. Thereafter the firm’s publishing programme became more influenced by confessional forms of theology, particularly through its translation of Karl Barth’s Church Dogmatics. Its legacy, however, remains not only in the form of Barth but of Schleiermacher and historical critical studies of the Bible.
Effects of Disease Threat and Attitude Similarity on Willingness to Help: The Mediating Role of Disgust
Authors: Millar Murray , Westfall R. Shane , Fink-Armold Andrea
Published: September 2021

The current research tested the hypothesis that an increase in perceived disease vulnerability would create more feelings of disgust and a reduced willingness to help persons with dissimilar attitudes. To test these hypotheses, two studies were performed. In the first study, 173 university undergraduates indicated their willingness to help a target person who held similar or dissimilar attitudes. Then the participants’ feelings of disgust about helping, and perceived vulnerability to disease were measured. In the second study, 127 university undergraduates read materials designed to make a disease threat or a non-disease threat salient then indicated their willingness to help a target person with similar or dissimilar attitudes. As predicted a concern about disease and attitude similarity interacted to influence willingness to help and this effect was mediated by feelings of disgust.
The theologian as dreamer: on theological imagination and human enhancement
Authors: O’Donnell Karen
Published: September 2021

This article reflects on the theologian as dreamer in the context of human enhancement, artificial intelligence and digital technology. In positioning the theologian as the dreamer of possible futures, I argue that it is the responsibility of the theologian to engage in exploration of such an imagined future in our service to the public, both in the ecclesial community and beyond. This theological endeavour is both practical (in that it begins with lived experience) and constructive (it seeks to construct theology that responds to the needs of a rapidly changing society). I offer two examples of imagined futures as case studies of this mode of theology in practice, before considering potential difficulties in such a theological mode. Finally, I offer a mandate for the theologian as dreamer of distant futures; the theologian as one with responsibility to imagine the impossible and reflect on its meaning and impact on humanity.
Urban ethnic enclaves and migration industries: The urban choices of mobile people
Authors: Zaban Hila
Published: September 2021

When migrants come in large numbers, they tend to segregate in enclaves where they lead a familiar lifestyle alongside people who can provide a support system. But how do these enclaves come about? This paper engages with migration industries literature, saying that it is ‘the labour involved in managing, facilitating and controlling migration’ that makes it an industry. Relying on the case of privileged Jewish migration to Israel, I argue that while the state remains central in facilitating and controlling migration, migration industries and migrants’ social networks dictate in which urban areas privileged migrants settle, creating unequal urban geographies. To illustrate this, I rely on qualitative data gathered in two research projects I completed in Israel over the past decade, in various Israeli cities relating to migrants and second-home owners from Western countries. I look at how and why people decide where to settle upon migrating and the role of various migration industries actors in their choices. I argue that what seems like individual decision-making is in fact a ‘structured agency’, repeating patterns of the imagined urban geographies produced by agents of migration and various urban stakeholders. The result is unequal patterns of location and consumption, where privileged migrants locate in urban enclaves, distancing themselves from other groups and causing gentrification.
Cartilaginous Choristoma of the External Auditory Canal
Authors: Sethi Harleen K. , Shpigel Melanie , Alnouri Ghiath , Zhou Jing , Sataloff Robert T.
Published: September 2021

Cartilaginous choristoma is a rare benign lesion of the external auditory canal, generally found incidentally on physical exam in an asymptomatic patient. Our patient had the largest cartilaginous choristomas described in the literature to date. Additionally, this reviews the nomenclature and differential diagnoses of masses within the external auditory canal.
Voluntary oral methamphetamine increases memory deficits and contextual sensitization during abstinence associated with decreased PKMζ and increased κOR in the hippocampus of female mice
Authors: Avila Jorge A. , Memos Nicoletta , Aslan Abdurrahman , Andrejewski Tytus , Luine Victoria N. , Serrano Peter A.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Female populations exhibit vulnerabilities to psychostimulant addiction, as well as cognitive dysfunction following bouts of abuse.

Aims:

The goal for this study was to advance our understanding of the mechanisms that produce sex disparities in drug addiction.

Methods:

We used an animal model for voluntary oral methamphetamine administration (VOMA) and focused on male and female mice that consumed 7.6–8.2 mg/kg of methamphetamine (MA) per day during the last 18 days of the paradigm.

Results:

The VOMA-exposed female mice displayed increased locomotor activity in the drug-administration context compared to male mice, demonstrating sex-specific changes in contextual sensitization. During 2 weeks of forced abstinence, mice underwent further behavioral testing. We show that abstinence increased open-arm entries on the elevated plus maze in both sexes. There were no differences in immobility on the tail suspension test. In a hippocampal-dependent radial arm maze task, VOMA-treated female mice, but not male mice, showed working memory deficits. Hippocampal tissue was collected and analyzed using Western blotting. VOMA-exposed female mice exhibited increased kappa opioid receptor (κOR) expression in the hippocampus compared to male mice, suggesting a vulnerability toward abstinence-induced dysphoria. Female VOMA mice also exhibited a decrease in the memory protein marker, protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ), in the hippocampus.

Conclusions:

Our study reveals sex-specific effects following abstinence from chronic MA consumption on hippocampal κOR and PKMζ expression, suggesting that these neural changes in female mice may underlie spatial memory deficits and identify an increased susceptibility to dysregulated neural mechanisms. These data validate VOMA as a model sensitive to sex differences in behavior and hippocampal neurochemistry following chronic MA exposure.
miR-301-3p directly regulates Cx43 to mediate the development of gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Shasha , Zhao Yang , Liu Huan , Zhao Xing , Shen Xingbin
Published: September 2021

Objective

Identifying novel biomarkers involved in the development of gastric cancer (GC) can provide potential therapeutic strategies and improve clinical prognosis. miR-301-3p and Cx43 are reportedly dysregulated in GC. miR-301-3p and Cx43 interaction, and their functions in GC progression, are still poorly understood.

Methods

The expression levels of miR-301-3p and Cx43 in GC tissues and cell lines with various differentiation degrees were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The interaction between miR-301-3p and Cx43 was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. CCK8 and Transwell assays were employed to assess the effects of the miR-301-3p- Cx43 axis on GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.

Results

Cx43 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines, while miR-301-3p expression was negatively correlated with Cx43 mRNA levels. The expression levels of Cx43 and miR-301-3p were closely associated with the differentiation, TNM stage, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis status of GC patients. Cx43 overexpression could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells. Cx43 mRNA is a direct target of miR-301-3p, and transfection of an miR-301-3p mimic could reverse the inhibitory effects of Cx43.

Conclusion

The miR-301-3p- Cx43 axis is involved in the development and progression of GC by affecting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells.
Respiratory syncytial virus infection in children and its correlation with climatic and environmental factors
Authors: Zhi Wanying , Xu Qiuyan , Chen Zhengrong , Jiang Wujun , Wang Ting , Zhou Yewen , Yu Haifei , Yan Yongdong , Pan Tao
Published: September 2021

Objective

In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical epidemiology of lower respiratory tract infections with different respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subtypes in hospitalized children in Suzhou and their correlation with climatic and environmental factors.

Method

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we collected nasopharyngeal secretion samples from children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection. We collected the clinical data of children with RSV infection, and compared and analyzed their epidemiological characteristics.

Results

RSV-B was the dominant strain in 2016. In 2018, RSV-A was the dominant strain. The positive detection rate of RSV-A was negatively correlated with monthly mean temperature, monthly mean wind speed, total monthly rainfall, and O3 concentration and positively correlated with PM2.5, PM10, and NO2, SO2, and CO concentrations. The positive detection rate of RSV-B was negatively correlated with monthly average temperature, monthly total rainfall, monthly sunshine duration, and O3 concentration and positively correlated with CO concentration.

Conclusions

RSV-A was the main subtype detected in this study. The positive detection rate of RSV-A was related to temperature, wind speed, rainfall, PM2.5. PM10, and NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 concentrations. The positive detection rate of RSV-B was related to temperature, rainfall, sunshine time, and O3 concentration.
Expression of β1 adrenergic receptor in vascular anomalies in children
Authors: Stănciulescu Maria-Corina , Popoiu Marius-Călin , Cîmpean Anca Maria , David Vlad-Laurentiu , Heredea Rodica , Cerbu Simona , Boia Eugen-Sorin
Published: September 2021

Objective

Controversial, heterogeneous, and inconsistent responses to beta-blockers have been reported in some cases of infantile proliferative hemangiomas. On the basis of these clinical observations, we aimed to examine the β1 adrenergic receptor (β1-AR) protein expression distribution among different types of pediatric vascular anomalies.

Methods

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for β1-AR on 43 surgical specimens.

Results

We found positive β1-AR IHC staining in all intramuscular hemangiomas, capillary–lymphatic, lymphatic, venous, and combined malformations, and Masson’s tumor cases, as well as in 7 of 10 cases of proliferative infantile hemangiomas.

Conclusions

Our research demonstrates, for the first time, the degree of heterogeneous expression of β1-AR among pediatric vascular malformations. Our results support the need for β1-AR assessment in pediatric vascular anomalies to select cases with a robust response to β1-selective blockers. β1-AR assessment may have a strong impact on therapeutic refinement for pediatric vascular anomalies by selecting cases with a stronger response to beta-blockers.
Spondylitis following bloodstream dissemination of Mycobacterium chelonae disseminated in an immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dong Shuangxia , Lin Zhou , Wu Shenghao , Cai Leyi
Published: September 2021

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial spondylitis is a rare spinal infection, especially among patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or other immune impairments. Because of its rarity and non-specific clinical manifestations, diagnosis is often delayed or missed. Here, we present a case of Mycobacterium chelonae spondylitis in an immunocompetent patient and review the relevant literature.
Changes in Oxygenation and Clinical Outcomes with Awake Prone Positioning in Patients with Suspected COVID-19 In Low-Resource Settings: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dueñas-Castell Carmelo , Borre-Naranjo Diana , Rodelo Dairo , Lora Leydis , Almanza Amilkar , Coronell Wilfrido , Rojas-Suarez Jose
Published: September 2021

Introduction

This study aimed to describe the use of awake prone positioning (APP) and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in patients with suspected coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and respiratory failure in a limited-resource setting.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years old who were placed in an awake prone position due to hypoxemic respiratory failure and suspected COVID-19. The patients were selected from a tertiary center in Cartagena, Colombia, between March 1, 2020, and August 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were collated, and all the variables were compared between the groups.

Results

The median age of the participants was 63 (IQR, 48.8-73) years (survivors: 59 [IQR, 43.568] years vs. non-survivors: 70 [IQR, 63-78] years, P ≤ .001). Of the 1470 patients admitted for respiratory symptoms, 732 (49.8%) were hospitalized for more than 24 h, and 212 patients developed respiratory failure and required COT and APP (overall hospital mortality, 34% [73/212]). The mean rank difference in PaO2/FiO2 before and after APP was higher in the survivors than in the non-survivors (201.1-252.6, mean rank difference = 51.5, P = .001 vs. 134.1-172.4, mean rank difference = 38.28, P = .24, respectively).

Conclusion

While using COT in conjunction with APP can improve respiratory failure in patients with suspected COVID-19 in low-resource settings, persistent hypoxemia after APP can identify patients with higher mortality risk. More evidence is needed to establish the role of this strategy.
An exploratory study of the relationship between systemic microcirculatory function and small solute transport in incident peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Williams Jennifer , Gilchrist Mark , Strain William David , Fraser Donald , Shore Angela
Published: September 2021

Background:

The peritoneal capillary endothelium is widely considered to be the most influential structure in dictating the rate of small solute transport (SST) during peritoneal dialysis (PD). PD patients are at significant risk of systemic microcirculatory dysfunction. The relationship between peritoneal and systemic microcirculations in patients new to PD has not been well studied. We hypothesised that for patients on PD for less than 6 months, dysfunction in the systemic microcirculation would be reflected in the rate of SST.

Methods:

We recruited 29 patients to a cross-sectional, observational study. Rate of SST was measured using a standard peritoneal equilibration test. Laser Doppler Flowmetry was used to measure response to physical and pharmacological challenge (post-occlusive hyperaemic response and iontophoretic application of vasodilators) in the cutaneous microcirculation. Sidestream Darkfield imaging was used to assess sublingual microvascular density, flow and endothelial barrier properties.

Results:

We found no moderate or strong correlations between any of the measures of systemic microcirculatory function and rate of SST or albumin clearance. There was however a significant correlation between dialysate interleukin-6 concentrations and both SST ( rs = 0.758 p ≤ 0.0001) and albumin clearance ( rs = 0.53, p = 0.01).

Conclusions:

In this study, systemic microvascular dysfunction did not significantly influence the rate of SST even early in patients PD careers. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that intraperitoneal factors particularly inflammation have a far greater impact on rate of SST than systemic factors.
Exact solution for nonlinear static behaviors of functionally graded beams with porosities resting on elastic foundation using neutral surface concept
Authors: Van Long Nguyen , Nguyen Van-Loi , Tran Minh-Tu , Thai Duc-Kien
Published: September 2021

In this paper, an exact solution for nonlinear static behaviors of functionally graded (FG) beams with porosities resting on the elastic foundation is presented. The FG material properties with porosities are assumed to vary along the thickness of the beam, and two types of porosity distributions are considered. Actually, the geometrical middle surface of the FG beam selected in computations is very popular in the literature. By contrast, in this study, the physical neutral surface of the beam is utilized. Based on the Timoshenko beam theory, von Kármán nonlinear assumption, together with neutral surface concept, the nonlinear governing equations of the FG beam resting on the elastic foundation are derived. By using the physical neutral surface, the nonlinear governing equations have simple forms and can be solved directly. The exact solution for the problem with all immovable and moveable boundary conditions is conducted in detail. Some numerical investigations to show the effects of boundary conditions, material properties, length-to-thickness ratio, elastic foundation coefficients and several types of applied load on nonlinear static bending behaviors of the beam are given.
Poison Parasite Counter: Turning Duplicitous Mass Communications Into Self-Negating Memory-Retrieval Cues
Authors: Cialdini Robert B. , Lasky-Fink Jessica , Demaine Linda J. , Barrett Daniel W. , Sagarin Brad J. , Rogers Todd
Published: September 2021

Disinformation in politics, advertising, and mass communications has proliferated in recent years. Few counterargumentation strategies have proven effective at undermining a deceptive message over time. This article introduces the Poison Parasite Counter (PPC), a cognitive-science-based strategy for durably countering deceptive communications. The PPC involves inserting a strong (poisonous) counter-message, just once, into a close replica of a deceptive rival’s original communication. In parasitic fashion, the original communication then “hosts” the counter-message, which is recalled on each reexposure to the original communication. The strategy harnesses associative memory to turn the original communication into a retrieval cue for a negating counter-message. Seven experiments ( N = 3,679 adults) show that the PPC lastingly undermines a duplicitous rival’s original communication, influencing judgments of communicator honesty and favorability as well as real political donations.
Television commentary on women's and men's Australian Rules football: A thematic analysis
Authors: LeCouteur Amanda , Yong Aurelia
Published: September 2021

Commentators are reported to describe male and female players in different ways across a range of sports. The present study examines televised commentary on men's and women's games in the Australian Football League during the inaugural season of the women's professional competition. A two-phase thematic analysis was applied to television commentary on 10 men's and 10 women's Australian Rules football games. Semantic thematic analysis of the broad descriptive categories used by commentators for men's and women's matches indicated greater similarity than had been reported for televised commentary of other sports like tennis, in line with recent reports of progress towards greater gender equality in sports media reporting. Although technical descriptors were used slightly more frequently in describing men's play, there were no major differences in frequency for a number of other descriptive categories (mental, physical, personal or tactical) that have previously been observed as discriminating commentary on men's and women's sport. More in-depth, discursive thematic analysis did indicate some specific patterns of difference: terms, features and details used in commentary resulted in a greater focus on women's athletic weaknesses, and negative aspects of their skills and mentality. Identification of subtle linguistic features that minimise the athleticism and accomplishments of female players suggests that continued examination of media reporting on women's increasing involvement in traditional male sports can contribute important insights for promoting gender equality.
Republication of “Principles of effective course design: What I wish I had known about learning-centered teaching 30 years ago”
Authors: Whetten David A.
Published: September 2021

Ten years ago, after 20 years as a university professor, I was asked to direct the teaching and learning support center at my university. I quickly realized I had almost no knowledge of the published scholarship on this subject. From my reading of this literature, I found the research on the predictors of student learning particularly informative. In particular, I gained an appreciation for the impact of course design. In this article, I summarize a framework for designing “significant learning experiences.” In discussing the three key components of course design (learning outcomes, learning activities, and learning assessments), I offer tips and give examples relevant for the field of management. My intent is to share the most important information I have learned from a decade of conversations with experts on student learning—the things I wish someone had taught me 30 years ago.
Building Perspective-Taking as an Organizational Capability: A Change Intervention in a Health Care Setting
Authors: Calvard Thomas , Cherlin Emily , Brewster Amanda , Curry Leslie
Published: September 2021

Perspective-taking, or engaging with the viewpoints of others, has been linked to a range of positive and negative interpersonal outcomes. However, it has only been researched infrequently in organizations, and questions remain about how it might be developed as a multidimensional cooperative process and problem-solving capability more widely. To better understand this, this article presents findings from a 2-year change intervention with 10 US hospitals. Interview data from three time points (393 interviews, 197 staff members) reveal dimensions and levels of understanding underpinning the development of organizational perspective-taking. Actors’ accounts suggested several major interrelated dimensions of perspective-taking operating at local and system levels, through affective concern, cognitive understanding, and motivational efforts to improve the sharing and interpretation of diverse perspectives. The study has implications for how organizations can better foster perspective-taking by building ecological structures and processes that assemble perspectives supportively, holistically, and frequently.
ADEM after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine: A case report
Authors: Rinaldi Virginia , Bellucci Gianmarco , Romano Andrea , Bozzao Alessandro , Salvetti Marco
Published: September 2021

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), clinically defined by an acute polyfocal neurological syndrome usually with monophasic course. ADEM often occurs after infections, but 5%–10% of cases are preceded by vaccinations. Several cases of ADEM have been described after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, whereas no case has been reported after adenovirus-vectored or mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administration. Here we describe a case of ADEM presenting 2 weeks after receiving the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Patient clinical/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) status spontaneously improved and rapidly resolved with corticosteroids. A 4-month follow-up showed complete recovery and no relapses.
Seeing and inviting participation in autistic interactions
Authors: De Jaegher Hanne
Published: September 2021

What does it take to see how autistic people participate in social interactions? And what does it take to support and invite more participation? Western medicine and cognitive science tend to think of autism mainly in terms of social and communicative deficits. But research shows that autistic people can interact with a skill and sophistication that are hard to see when starting from a deficit idea. Research also shows that not only autistic people, but also their non-autistic interaction partners, can have difficulties interacting with each other. To do justice to these findings, we need a different approach to autistic interactions—one that helps everyone see, invite, and support better participation. I introduce such an approach, based on the enactive theory of participatory sense-making and supported by insights from indigenous epistemologies. This approach helps counteract the homogenizing tendencies of the “global mental health” movement, which attempts to erase rather than recognize difference, and often precludes respectful engagements. Based in the lived experiences of people in their socio-cultural-material and interactive contexts, I put forward an engaged—even engag ing—epistemology for understanding how we interact across difference. From this perspective, we see participatory sense-making at work across the scientific, diagnostic, therapeutic, and everyday interactions of autistic and non-autistic people, and how everyone can invite and support more of it.