bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ciclo de vida no beneficiamento do arroz em Pelotas-RS
Authors: Firmino Lílian de Queiroz , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Silva Viviane Farias , Silva Rayanne Maria Galdino , Gomes Ana Paula Rozado , Griep Rafael Priebe
Published: May 2024

O arroz é um cereal de grande importância para alimentação humana. A industrialização deste grão tem elevado potencial impactante e por isso a pesquisa foi realizada objetivando-se identificar o setor com maior potencial poluidor utilizando a Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida como metodologia verificando o balanço das entradas e saídas específicas do beneficiamento do grão de arroz. Para isso, foi utilizado o software openLCA 1.10.2, alimentado com dados secundários do banco de dados da “Ecoinvent 3.6 apos unit” e seu pacote de método, escolhendo dentro dele o modelo CML 2001 contendo as categorias de impactos a serem analisadas. Para modelagem completa dos dados foi inserido também o Inventário de Ciclo de Vida construído do agrupamento de atividades de empresa de beneficiamento de arroz formando e caracterizando as entradas e saídas do beneficiamento, com dados primários, para três área do processo: Setor 1-Recepção, Setor 2-Processamento e Setor 3-Empacotamento. Para produção de 1 fardo de arroz branco, sendo esta a unidade funcional considerada. Na Avaliação de Impacto do Ciclo de Vida no beneficiamento do arroz foram obtidas 6 categorias de impactos que receberam maiores contribuições do processo. Como principal conclusão, constata-se que as atividades analisadas são potenciais contribuintes para as seis categorias analisadas, estas receberam 100% de contribuições do processo, e como resultado das atividades agrupadas por setores conclui-se que o maior potencial impactante está sobre o Setor 1, com 72.2%, e em seguida sobre o Setor 2, com 23.9%, com maior consumo de energia e geração do resíduo mais volumoso e não aproveitado dentro do processo.
Diagnóstico de impactos ambientais em um trecho do Rio Piancó – Piranhas – Açu, Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Carreiro Daniele de Almeida , Santos Laércio Leal dos , Aragão Ricardo de , Leite José Cleidimário Araújo , Paiva William de , Dantas da Silva Tássio Jordan Rodrigues , Medeiros José Ludemario da Silva
Published: May 2024

A degradação de ambientes aquáticos tem se tornado uma das principais preocupações ecológicas da atualidade, principalmente em função do essencial papel dos recursos hídricos para o funcionamento adequado dos serviços ecossistêmicos e desenvolvimento econômico. Nesta pesquisa, objetivou-se realizar um diagnóstico dos   impactos ambientais nas águas do trecho do Rio Piancó-Piranhas-Açu entre os municípios de Paulista-PB e São Bento-PB. Para coleta de dados, foram realizadas fotodocumentação, visitas de campo e consultas a órgãos municipais.  Para o georreferenciamento da área de influência, foi utilizado o software QGIS. Posteriormente, foram catalogadas as atividades antrópicas na referida área, e utilizando os métodos Ad Hoc, Check Lists, Matriz de Interação e Networks, foram identificados os impactos ambientais, seleção e classificação dos impactos significativos, eor fim, a indicação de medidas de controle ambiental. A partir dos resultados obtidos, identificaram-se 13 atividades antrópicas, com 86 impactos ambientais no trecho considerado. Desse total, 32% foram selecionados como “significativos” e 50% "significativos". A maioria dos impactos observados está relacionado á urbanização, às atividades têxtis, ao lançamento de efluentes não tratados no corpo hídrico, e à pecuária extensiva comumente desenvolvida em áreas de preservação, que acarreta a poluição da água e o processo de eutrofização. inalmente, espera-se que os resultados e as medidas de controle indicadas auxiliem na recuperação ambiental do trecho do rio, bem como no gerenciamento em âmbito de bacia hidrográfica pelos órgãos competentes.
Planos de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos dos municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro: avaliação quanto ao atendimento do conteúdo mínimo exigido pela Lei Federal 12.305/2010
Authors: Silva Karine Coutinho , Van Elk Ana Ghislane Henriques Pereira , Andrade Rosane Cristina de
Published: May 2024

No Brasil, houve um avanço com a promulgação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) que trouxe o planejamento, através dos Planos Municipais de Gestão Integrada de Resíduos Sólidos (PMGIRS), para auxiliar na falta de visão sistêmica das políticas locais e minimizar os impactos da rotatividade de prefeitos e falta de controle social. Dentro desse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a conformidade dos Planos Municipais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro em relação aos requisitos mínimos estabelecidos pela PNRS. Assim, foi realizado um levantamento dos PMGIRS dos 92 municípios do estado, através de sites eletrônicos de pesquisa e institucionais, no espaço temporal de janeiro de 2020 a março de 2021. Foram encontradas informações sobre 44 PMGIRS, no entanto, considerou-se nesta pesquisa, como amostra, dezesseis PMGIRS por estarem concluídos e disponibilizados em internet. Os municípios foram classificados em pequeno, médio e grande porte em função do número de habitantes. Como instrumento de avaliação foi elaborada uma matriz com os incisos de I a XIX do artigo 19 da PNRS. Os resultados apontaram que apenas 38% dos PMGIRS apresentaram mais de 60% de atendimento ao conteúdo mínimo estabelecido pela PNRS. Os PMGIRS de municípios de pequeno porte, teve atendimento igual ou superior a municípios de grande porte. Os incisos que garantem a sustentabilidade do sistema, como cobrança pelos serviços de limpeza urbana não estavam contemplados em mais de 60% dos planos de gestão. Já o Inciso que versa sobre Educação Ambiental foi atendido em 100% dos planos.
Use of hydraulic simulation as a tool in decision making in water supply network: a case study in the Brazilian city of São Gabriel, RS
Authors: Martins Matheus Rodrigues , Bayer Debora Missio , Conte Luiza Chiarelli , Bertazzo Luiz Antonio de Brito
Published: May 2024

Population care by water supply networks has evolved in the world but it is still not a reality for the entire population. In the existing systems, almost 40% of the volume of water available does not reach the user. An important variable that influences water losses in the system is the pressure. In this work, part of the water distribution system in the Brazilian city of So Gabriel, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), was evaluated through hydraulic simulation using [public domain, water distribution system modeling software package developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agencys (EPA) Water Supply and Water Resources Division] EPANET in three different scenarios: maximum, minimum and sustainable water consumption. In the simulations, the pressures and speeds in the distribution system were analyzed, which allowed the proposition of interventions such as: installation of accessories (pump and pressure reducing valves), reducing diameters of some pipe sections, alteration of the operating regime of already existing pumps, system sectorization and estimates of loss reduction resulting from these interventions.
Comparación de metodologías para el fraccionamiento de la DQO de aguas residuales municipales y su aplicación en el Modelo ASM1
Authors: Espinosa Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Delgado Delgado Raúl , Hidalgo Millán Antonio
Published: May 2024

El modelo ASM1 es aplicado en procesos de tratamiento de aguas residuales y es capaz de predecir la remoción de materia orgánica, nitrificación y desnitrificación. Para la calibración del ASM1, es necesario caracterizar el influente y efluente del sistema de tratamiento biológico, y particularmente, fraccionar la DQO en componentes biodegradables, inertes, particulados y solubles. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar diferentes procedimientos de cálculo para fraccionar la DQO (STOWA, ATV-A131 e Influent Advisor) utilizando filtros con poros de 0.45 μm. Los resultados obtenidos con los 3 métodos indicaron un porcentaje de 58% de DQO soluble y de 42% de DQO particulada, siendo entonces una mayor contribución de DQO soluble y, por tanto, el agua residual caracterizada es de origen municipal o doméstica. De acuerdo a las metodologías y resultados de las fracciones de la DQO, los 3 métodos pueden ser utilizados para su aplicación en el modelo ASM1.
Healthcare - Autism Predicting Tool Using Data Science / AI / ML
Authors: Sumathi P. , S Arun Kumar. , A Balaji.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the application of machine learning techniques for the prediction of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The dataset used in this research comprises a range of demographic, behavioral, and diagnostic features. The study focuses on the use of various machine learning algorithms, including limited decision trees, support vector machines, and neural networks, to predict the likelihood of ASD in individuals. In addition, engineering and feature selection strategies are investigated to determine the most pertinent characteristics for precise prediction. Metrics like accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve are used to assess how well various algorithms perform. Results show promising potential for the utilization of machine learning models in predicting ASD, with certain algorithms exhibiting superior predictive capabilities. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the potential use of machine learning in the early detection and intervention of autism, ultimately contributing to improved outcomes for individuals on the autism spectrum
Parking Zones with EV Chargers
Authors: Dhawale Prof. Dhanashri
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Parking has long been a persistent challenge in urban centers and crowded areas, often leading to frustration and wasted time for drivers searching for available spaces. To address this issue, we present our project, the ”Parking Zones with EV Chargers“, a web-based application designed to revolutionize the parking experience for users. The system offers a user-friendly platform where individuals can easily find and reserve parking spaces in advance. This web-based application also aims to revolutionize urban parking by providing drivers with a seamless platform to locate available parking spaces equipped with electric vehicle charging infrastructure for their electric vehicles.
Privacy-Centric AI: Navigating the Landscape with Federated Learning
Authors: Shrivastava Arpit
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the era of big data and privacy concerns, federated learning has emerged as a promising approach to training machine learning models while preserving data privacy. This paper explores the principles and applications of federated learning, highlighting its potential to revolutionize privacy-centric AI. We discuss the methodology, significance, and challenges of federated learning, providing insights into its future directions. By leveraging decentralized data and aggregating model updates, federated learning enables the development of powerful AI models without compromising individual privacy. We present real-world applications and cite relevant studies to demonstrate the transformative impact of federated learning across various domains.
AI-Driven Hormonal Profiling: A Game-Changer in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Prevention
Authors: Tsaliki Karthik Chowdary
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that impacts women during their reproductive years. It is characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular menstrual cycles, and the presence of polycystic ovaries [1]. The incorporation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare has provided new opportunities for the prevention and early detection of PCOS [2]. This article delves into the potential of AI in addressing the risk factors linked to PCOS. By utilizing machine learning algorithms, it can analyze intricate health data, detect patterns that indicate hormonal imbalances, and create personalized prevention strategies [3, 4].
Implementing Improved YOLOv5s for Immediate Identification of Helmetless Forklift Drivers
Authors: Sheeba Dr S. Lilly , Singh Shaurya , Karan Aritra , Jana Sudipta
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Construction workers are exposed to a multitude of health and safety risks on job sites. Despite authorities' repeated efforts to enhance safety management, incidents persist, negatively impacting both worker well-being and project progress. Therefore, it is imperative to devise effective strategies aimed at improving construction site safety management. Currently, one of the challenges in ensuring safety is the lack of a more precise method for detecting objects, particularly safety helmets. To address this issue, techniques such as Generalized Intersection Over Union (GIOU) and Soft Non-Maximum Suppression (SoftNMS) are employed to refine the regression mechanism of bounding boxes. Furthermore, advancements have been made in training the Faster RCNN model using a multiscale approach, thereby enhancing its overall robustness.
Experimental Investigation of Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete using Waste Glass Powder
Authors: Matkar Pratik S. , Khurape Pooja R. , Chavan Smita S.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The construction industry is the second largest industry in the world & concrete is prime material used in it [5]. The use of concrete generates lots of heat during hydration process. It directly contributes to global warming. Also cement is costly material & its storage is also difficult. The cement plays important role of binding in concrete. It contains lime as main constituents. So to reduce this ill effect of cement one must find the alternatives for cement which can perform the same role in concrete. This study represents the experimental investigation of effect of partial replacement of cement by glass powder on strength of concrete & other factors like workability, water cement ratio, and heat of hydration. Glass contains lime as its one of main constituent. The cement was replaced with glass powder by 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The compressive strength, flexural strength & split tensile strength are tested for these replacements. Also economical aspect is observed along with. It is observed that physical & chemical properties of glass are almost similar to cement. So in this study an attempt is made to investigate the effect of partial replacement of cement by glass powder in concrete to make it as a special concrete
Road Accident Analysis and Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Gorasia Meet , Ghorpade Shivraj , Sakariya Dhruv , Sadigale Parth , Deshmukh Prapti , Rane Rashmi
Published: May 2024

Abstract: India is facing a severe public health crisis characterized by a significant number of road accidents resulting in fatalities and life-altering injuries. This study undertakes a detailed analysis of road accidents in India using multi-year accident data to unveil recurring patterns and identify high-risk demographics. The research meticulously examines the primary causes of these accidents, including driver behavior such as speeding, and inadequate road infrastructure such as poor lighting, signage, potholes, and vehicle malfunctions. Moreover, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach to prevent these tragedies. It suggests strategies for enhancing road design and maintenance, enforcing traffic regulations more rigorously, and conducting targeted public awareness campaigns to promote responsible driving practices. By highlighting the alarming increase in fatalities and the substantial socio-economic costs associated with these accidents, this research emphasizes the critical need for immediate and effective interventions to establish a safer road environment for all citizens in India.
AI & The Privacy Paradox: Navigating Synthetic Data Vaults
Authors: Manoj Nithin , A Pavithran M , Binu Sivani , Prasad Sreedevi , George Asha J
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Exploring the synergies and threats of artificial intelligence in the information privacy domain, the focus is on synthetic data (SD) as a form of background knowledge (BK) that can compromise privacy in data publishing scenarios. A novel taxonomy of BK that includes AI-generated data is proposed, demonstrating how it can lead to various kinds of privacy breaches, such as re-identification, sensitive attribute disclosure, and group privacy disclosure. Experiments are conducted on a real-life benchmark dataset using a state-of-the-art AI model to generate SD, showing that SD can pose serious risks to individual privacy when carefully crafted and used by adversaries. In realtime processing paradigms this method may face some challenges such as the highly customized implementation of libraries needed for computing statistics and visualizations of query answers for robust analysis without jeopardizing user’s privacy. To overcome the challenges in real-time processing paradigms, the algorithm can use stream anonymization methods or online learning techniques to anonymize data in an incremental and adaptive manner
A Review on Heart Disease Prediction System
Authors: Swathi Bodla , Teja Vemulapalli Krishna , Kumar Putta Akhil , Goud Koppol Nikhethan , Somayajulu Jatavallabula G K
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Nowadays, heart failure symptoms can manifest at any stage of life, with older individuals more commonly affected than younger ones. Cardiovascular disease remains a major global health problem requiring accurate predictive tools for early intervention and prevention. This study presents an integrated approach to heart disease prediction using genetics, artificial neural network (ANN) and TPOT classifiers, leading to the development of user relationships to predict new conditions. Using ANN, a powerful learning technique inspired by the human brain, the system can learn complex patterns in data to improve the accuracy of predictions. Additionally, the TPOT classifier can modify model selection and hyperparameter tuning methods to improve prediction. Integrating these classifications into the user interface enables better interactions, allowing physicians and individuals to instantly access relevant information and receive predictions. We've designed an easy-to-use interface that helps catch heart disease early and manage it proactively. This tool is all about making healthcare better and lives healthier
Pengaruh Dukungan Manajemen Puncak, Partisipasi Pemakai, Pelatihan dan Pendidikan terhadap Kepuasan Pemakai Sistem Informasi Akuntansi (Studi Kasus pada LPK Monarch Bali)
Authors: Aryaningsih Ni Putu Ayu , Dewi Tiara Kusuma , Yogantara Komang Krishna
Published: May 2024

Accounting Information System is a system designed to collect and display accounting information so that accountants and company executives can make the right decisions. These systems are considered an important component of financial offices around the world, most of which are software-based and can be implemented as part of a company's information technology solution. This research aims to determine the influence of top management support variables, user participation, training and education programs on user satisfaction of accounting information systems. The research method used is a quantitative research method with primary data obtained from questionnaire data which is measured using a Likert scale. This research was conducted at LPK Monarch Bali. The sample in this study amounted to 40 samples. Samples were taken from the population based on a purposive sampling approach. Furthermore, after the data was collected, data analysis was carried out in the form of descriptive analysis and statistical analysis. The results of this research state that top management support has a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of users of the Monarch Bali job training institute (LPK) accounting information system. The participation of users of the accounting information system has a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of users of the accounting information system of the Monarch Bali Job Training Institute (LPK). Training and education programs have a positive and significant effect on user satisfaction of the Monarch Bali job training institute (LPK) accounting information system.
Pengaruh Desentralisasi Fiskal, Pengangguran, Kemiskinan Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Kalimantan Barat : Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Kartika Metasari , Kurniasih Erni Panca , Dosinta Nina F. , Wahid Wahid
Published: May 2024

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a main factor in determining achievement to help build the quality and welfare of human life in the sense of improving the welfare of the people. Quality human resources are the main capital that is the most basic for the development of a nation. West Kalimantan's HDI is currently ranked as low as 30th. More special review and attention is needed to analyze this. Several factors such as fiscal decentralization, poverty and unemployment can influence human development in West Kalimantan. The aim of this research is to examine and analyze the influence of fiscal decentralization, poverty and unemployment on HDI in West Kalimantan Province. The analysis will also be completed from an Islamic economic perspective in the context of human development. The research method is quantitative using secondary data. The data is then processed using eviews software. The research model was obtained after going through model testing and classical assumption testing. It is hoped that this research can provide another side of the policy approach to increasing HDI from an Islamic economic perspective.
O impacto da covid-19 na agricultura familiar: o que dizem os estudos?
Authors: Souza de Oliveira Sampaio Gabriel , Melo Santos Caline , De Oliveira Tozetto Klein Sibele , Mendes da Silva Ricardo , De Matos Mendes da Silva Isabella , Macedo Almeida Camilo Valéria
Published: May 2024

A pandemia da COVID-19 exibiu a fragilidade dos sistemas alimentares globais, incluindo a agricultura familiar. Desta forma, objetivou-se realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre os impactos da pandemia pela COVID-19 na agricultura familiar. A pesquisa foi realizada entre outubro e dezembro de 2021, em quatro bases de dados eletrônicas. Foi demonstrado que a pandemia impactou negativamente os pequenos produtores de alimentos, especialmente na comercialização dos produtos, produção e no preço ou disponibilidade de insumos e gêneros. Tais impactos repercutiram no cumprimento dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) pelos países. Outros impactos que repercutiram na agricultura familiar também foram percebidos, como as mudanças climáticas e desastres ambientais. A maioria dos estudos também citaram ações para atenuar os efeitos da pandemia, como mudanças no modo de comercialização dos produtos, a partir da adoção do sistema de delivery. Apesar da pandemia ter impactado negativamente na agricultura familiar na maioria dos estudos, foram destacados alguns impactos positivos, como o aumento nas vendas de forma online ou presencial e o processo de migração reversa, que promoveu o resgate de “raízes espirituais” da agricultura familiar, agregando valor aos seus produtos.
Importância da assistência nutricional aos pacientes com doença renal crônica: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: De Jesús Pires Camilla , Lima  Gomes Thalia , Carvalho Araújo Kawana Taynandra
Published: May 2024

Esse artigo teve como objetivo compreender a importância da assistência nutricional ao paciente com DRC, além de discorrer as características da patologia, visando também identificar os aspectos que podem influenciar a vida do paciente, e apontar os distúrbios nutricionais que acometem estes indivíduos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, com o desígnio de exibir os estudos com foco no tema proposto. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando as palavras-chave “paciente”, “enfermo”, “doença renal crônica” e “nutrição’’ nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola. Foram selecionados quatro artigos publicados na íntegra entre os anos de 2013 a 2023, por atenderem aos critérios de elegibilidade. A partir dos estudos selecionados, conclui-se que a terapia nutricional adequada pode ajudar a retardar a progressão da doença, minimizar as complicações associadas e melhorar a sobrevida dos pacientes, além de manter um estado nutricional adequado e prevenir a desnutrição, que é muito comum nestes indivíduos. Isso envolve a avaliação regular do estado nutricional, a adequação da ingestão calórica e proteica, o uso de suplementos nutricionais quando necessário e o acompanhamento individualizado para garantir que as necessidades nutricionais sejam atendidas.
Temas das conferências nacionais de saúde: uma análise documental
Authors: Freitas Santos Mona , Santos Souza Samuel , Martins Filho Ismar Eduardo , Dos Anjos Santos Flavia Pedro , Narriman Silva de Oliveira Boery Rita
Published: May 2024

A Conferência Nacional de Saúde é o principal espaço democrático para a criação e formulação de políticas públicas de saúde no Brasil. Acontecem a cada quatro anos e são organizadas em etapas, que iniciam nos municípios, vão para as estaduais e avançam para a nacional. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os temas centrais e os eixos temáticos das conferencias nacionais de saúde pós-criação do SUS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo análise documental. A partir dos relatórios finais das Conferências Nacionais de Saúde, foram extraídos para analises os temas centrais e os eixos temáticos de todas as Conferências realizadas desde a criação dos SUS. As palavras mais apareceram nos temas centrais e eixos temáticos a Conferências foram: Saúde (f=30), SUS (f=15); qualidade (f=7); direito (f=7); Controle social (f=7); atenção (f=7); público (f=5); financiamento (f=5); acesso (f=4) e gestão (f=4). O controle social ainda não ocupa um lugar de protagonismo na formulação das políticas de saúde no Brasil, o SUS nunca contou com o financiamento adequado, em comparação a países com sistemas universais, a gestão do SUS, continua sendo um dos maiores desafios a ser enfrentado para a consolidação do sistema de saúde como política pública universal e gratuita.
Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde, Conferência de saúde, controle social, financiamento, gestão.
Aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e qualidade de vida de professores
Authors: Santos Silva Antônio Carlos , Barbosa Santos Adriana Glay , Boery Eduardo Nagib , Ribeiro Ícaro José Santos , Cruz Diego Pires , Souza Júnior Edison Vitório de
Published: May 2024

A dinâmica e a sobrecarga do trabalho docente contemporâneo colocam o professor como um dos profissionais que apresentam maior risco de desenvolvimento de estresse ocupacional e acometimento de doenças crônicas, sendo apontado como provável problema de saúde pública. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência dos aspectos psicossociais do trabalho na qualidade de vida de professores. Estudo epidemiológico, transversal, realizado com 206 professores da rede municipal de ensino. Utilizou-se um formulário contendo informações sobre os dados sociodemográficos, qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-Bref) e os aspectos psicossociais do trabalho (JCQ), os quais foram analisados considerando o nível de significância de 5%. Esse estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, sob protocolo CAAE  153165716.9.0000.0055. Em condições de alta exigência no trabalho, há redução dos domínios da qualidade de vida, evidenciando significância estatística para os domínios físico (53,57) e meio ambiente (46,87), com valor de p<0,05. O ambiente psicossocial do trabalho é fator determinante na percepção da qualidade de vida dos professores. Condições psicossociais de trabalho desfavoráveis destacam-se como determinantes para a ocorrência de agravos à saúde, comprometimento das funções laborais e qualidade de vida de professores.
Warm-adapted encroachment outpaces cool-adapted retreat in a hotspot of trailing-edge population diversity
Authors: Gaya Heather , Chandler Richard
Published: May 2024

Many populations near low-latitude range margins are declining in
response to climate change, but most studies of trailing-edge
populations have focused on single species. Using ten years (2014–2023)
of avian survey data from a trailing-edge population hotspot in the
Appalachian Mountains, USA, we tested the hypothesis that high-elevation
communities would experience turnover through thermophilisation, as
warm-adapted species near the center of their geographic ranges expand
into regions formerly dominated by peripheral populations of
cool-adapted species. Three of the nine cool-adapted populations
decreased in abundance whereas six species exhibited little change. For
warm-adapted populations, one of 16 decreased in abundance, 11
increased, and four exhibited no change. Our results indicate that
warm-adapted species are expanding their ranges faster than the rate at
which ranges of cool-adapted species are contracting, suggesting that
community turnover will lag behind encroachment by warm-adapted species.
Ant-plant specialisation depends on network type, but not disturbance, elevation, or latitude.
Authors: Zahra Shafia , Jorge Leonardo , Dáttilo Wesley , Klimeš Petr , Ferreira Paola de Lima , Christianini Alexander , Nunes-Freitas André Felippe , Laviski Bianca Ferreira da Silva , Wang Bo , Emer Carine , Lara Carlos , Castillo-Guevara Citlalli , Gomez Crisanto , Corro Erick , Lenc Jan , Falcão Jéssica , Tavella Julia , Cagnolo Luciano , Pizo Marco AurÃ©lio , Cuautle Mariana , Tahadlova Marketa , Staab Michael , Mottl Ondřej , Miranda Patricia Nakayama , Oliveira Paulo , Butterill Philip T , Antoniazzi Reuber , Xing Shuang , Izzo Thiago , Novotny Vojtech , Fayle Tom
Published: May 2024

The ecological factors driving specialisation in species interaction
networks along environmental gradients at large spatial scales are
poorly understood. Although such drivers can have synergistic impacts,
previous work has mainly assessed effects of network type and the
abiotic environment separately. We conducted a meta-analysis of existing
network data to assess the interactive effects and relative importance
of these drivers of specialisation in ant-plant networks at global
scales. We collated 74 ant plant networks from 1979–2023, categorised
into four network types: plants that provide ants nesting sites
(myrmecophytes); plants that provide only food sources (myrmecophiles);
plants for which ants disperse seeds (myrmecochories); plants on which
ants forage only (foraging). We explored how network specialisation
varies between interaction types with elevation, latitude, and
anthropogenic disturbance. We used a standard measure of network
specialisation (H2’), tested whether standardising this against network
null models influenced results (H2’ z-score), and measured phylogenetic
network specialisation (dsi*). We found that H2’ was strongly affected
by habitat disturbance, elevation and interaction type in a manner
congruent with previous work, However, these effects disappeared once
H2’ was standardised (H2’ z-score). The disappearance of these effects
indicates that previous results may relate to variation in network
structure rather than specialisation. This is supported by the existence
of correlations between network species richness/weighted connectance
and H2’. Phylogenetic network specialisation (dsi*) was greater for
myrmecophytes than for other three network types. This probably relates
to closer co-evolution between partners in myrmecophytic network.
Phylogenetic network specialisation did not vary significantly with
elevation, latitude or anthropogenic disturbance. Our results
demonstrate that ant-plant network types, in this case relating to
strength of mutualistic interaction, is the main driver of network
specialisation, and that previously reported impacts of latitude,
elevation and anthropogenic habitat disturbance are likely to have been
mediated mediated via correlations with network size.
A simple and robust CryoSat-2 radar freeboard correction method dedicated to TFMRA50 for the Arctic winter snow depth and sea ice thickness retrieval
Authors: Shi Hoyeon , Tonboe Rasmus , Lee Sang-Moo , Dybkjær Gorm , Sohn Byung-Ju , Singha Suman , Baordo Fabrizio
Published: May 2024

When deriving the sea ice thickness using a satellite radar altimeter, a
correction is needed to convert the radar freeboard to the ice
freeboard. Here, a robust correction method for the CryoSat-2 radar
freeboard derived using the Threshold First-Maximum Retracker Algorithm
with a 50% threshold (TFMRA50) is proposed. Snow depth was used as a
predictor for the correction, similar to the traditional wave speed
correction, but the coefficients were empirically determined by
performing a direct comparison of the radar freeboard from CryoSat-2 and
the ice freeboard from airborne observations. Consequently, this new
empirical correction treats the physical effects (e.g., changes in wave
propagation speed and the distribution of scattering at the snow and ice
surfaces, etc.) and the retracker bias as a whole, which have been
difficult to separate in the retrieval process. In this paper, we
demonstrate that the retrieval accuracy of snow and ice variables and
the consistency of the two independent retrieval methods are improved
when the new correction is applied. The result of this study emphasizes
the importance of compatibility between the retracker and the freeboard
correction method.
Influence of Observational Datasets on ECS and TCR Estimates
Authors: Sapkota Vikrant , Forest Chris E , Libardoni Alex G , Sokolov Andrei P
Published: May 2024

Uncertainties in estimates of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity (ECS) and
Transient Climate Response (TCR) are influenced by observational
datasets. Variability exists not just among the data products, but also
within the creation of individual ones. This includes significant
variations among ensemble members within a single data product. Using
the optimal fingerprint approach combined with Bayesian updating, we
quantify the uncertainties in ECS and TCR estimates arising from both
individual datasets and their various groupings. Our methodology,
utilizing both spatial and temporal data, reveals impacts on the
estimates of ECS and TCR. As we assess different groupings of
observational data products, we observe that using products sharing
identical Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) introduces a discernible
biases. Furthermore, these results highlight that the variations among
ensemble members within a single data product are as influential as the
disparities across multiple data products.
Transient Wind-Driven Polynyas Within Nares Strait
Authors: Joshy Kevin , Moore G. W. K. , McNeil Kaitlin
Published: May 2024

Nares Strait, situated between northwest Greenland and Ellesmere Island
is a major sea ice export path from the Arctic Ocean. One of the
narrowest parts of the strait — Kennedy Channel — is host to several
islands. These obstacles’ impact on the ice flow along the Strait has
yet to be investigated. Here we show that during autumn, these islands
can interrupt the relatively homogenous sea ice flow through Kennedy
Channel, carried by wind and water currents, and shield downstream
regions from becoming ice-covered, resulting in the formation of
hitherto unknown transient polynyas, whose size and extent were
correlated with the wind’s strength and direction along Kennedy Channel.
These polynyas likely impact the regional meteorology and oceanography
through enhanced air-sea fluxes of heat, moisture, momentum, and carbon
dioxide. The presence of open water may also impact the complex and
productive regional ecosystem.
High-Dimensional Covariance Estimation From a Small Number of Samples
Authors: Morzfeld Matthias , Vishny David N. , Gwirtz Kyle , Bach Eviatar , Dunbar Oliver , Hodyss Daniel
Published: May 2024

We synthesize knowledge from numerical weather prediction, inverse
theory and statistics to address the problem of estimating a
high-dimensional covariance matrix from a small number of samples. This
problem is fundamental in statistics, machine learning/artificial
intelligence, and in modern Earth science. We create several new
adaptive methods for high-dimensional covariance estimation, but one
method, which we call NICE (Noise-Informed Covariance Estimation),
stands out because it has three important properties: (i) NICE is
conceptually simple and computationally efficient; (ii) NICE guarantees
symmetric positive semi-definite covariance estimates; and (iii) NICE is
largely tuning-free. We illustrate the use of NICE on a large set of
Earth-science-inspired numerical examples, including cycling data
assimilation, geophysical inversion of field data, and training of
feed-forward neural networks with time-averaged data from a chaotic
dynamical system. Our theory, heuristics and numerical tests suggest
that NICE may indeed be a viable option for high-dimensional covariance
estimation in many Earth science problems.
Evidence for Erosional Efficiency of Extreme Precipitation Events at a Multi-Decennial Time Scale
Authors: Gayer Eric , Lucas Antoine , Michon Laurent
Published: May 2024

Extreme precipitation events play a pivotal role in shaping Earth’s
surface through their influences on hillslope processes and sediment
transport in rivers. In this study, we focus on understanding the
implications of such events on sediment transport, using Réunion Island
as a natural laboratory due to its intense tropical rainfall regime.
Through photogrammetric techniques and subsequent sediment volume
estimates spanning decades as well as cosmogenic 3He measurements, we
assessed the spatio-temporal evolution of the canyon bed of the
ephemeral Rivière des Remparts and the drainage of products from major
landslides and/or rock avalanches between 1950 and 2011. Results show
that 39.6 Mm3 of sediment was transported out of the watershed in 62
years. Furthermore, we modeled the flow dates of this ephemeral river
and show that such an export of material actually happened during only
391 days over the 62 years, at an average rate of 0.1 Mm3/day. Our
investigation confirms that sediment transport coincides with officially
recorded extreme meteorological events such as cyclones. Moreover, our
findings reveal that sediment transport predominantly occurs on days
corresponding to high-percentile rank precipitation events,
demonstrating that all transport is concentrated during these intense
rainfall periods. Finally, this study underscores the extremely fast
conveyance of material from slopes to deep-sea fans, facilitated in
Réunion by the absence of a coastal platform. This rapid transfer has
implications for CO2 consumption, as it should enhance the transport and
burial of organic matter particles, potentially contributing
significantly to the island’s overall CO2 consumption efficiency.
A Study of Velocity-Celerity Relationships during Leakage from Soil Columns under Natural Rainfall Events
Authors: Liu Heng , XIE Lian , HUANG Meiyu , Wang Genxu , Zhao Peng , QIN Ziyi , Ye Xin , ZHANG Yunqi , ZHENG Jiangkun , YI Haiyan
Published: May 2024

Understanding celerity, velocity, and their connections is crucial for
unraveling subsurface hydrology and improving numerical models. This
observational study investigated leakage in soil columns subjected to
diverse treatments under natural rainfall, aiming to characterize
celerity, velocity, and their relationships during leakage, and assess
treatment effects on this relationship. Over three years with 13
rainfall events, velocities (0.00-0.26 m/h) and celerities (0.09-442.45
m/h) displayed significant disparities. A fixed kinematic ratio (k =
200) partitioned the celerity-velocity relationship into High-Ratio Area
and Low-Ratio Area. Assuming liquid-phase changes affect mechanical wave
celerity in a three-phase medium, these areas are hypothesized to
correspond to dominant leakage-stage flow patterns: film flow and
macropore flow. Both the High-Ratio Area and the Low-Ratio Area showed a
strong adherence to a power function model, indicating a consistent
non-linear celerity-velocity relationship across leakage scenarios.
Treatments applied to soil columns influenced the distribution of
celerity-velocity pairs and their interaction, demonstrating the
potential to modify subsurface hydrological dynamics through targeted
interventions.
Trends in Digital and Critical Thinking Skills Research in Millennials Accountant Profession: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: AHMAD MAHFUZAH , Abdul Latif Nurul Ezhawati , Yusof Faizal Mohamed , Mad Salina , Zawawi Maizura Meor
Published: May 2024

The accounting profession faces numerous challenges in the era of digitalization. With the constant evolution of technology, the skill of critical thinking is becoming increasingly valuable. Accounting professionals are responsible for making critical choices using financial data, predictions, and analytical techniques. The capacity for critical thinking is of utmost importance in the digital age due to the abundance and complexity of data. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the trends in articles published on digital and critical thinking skills in the millennial accountant profession by using bibliometric analysis and VOS viewer software. The data were collected from the Scopus database from 2014 to February 2024, with 456 published papers with the keywords “Millennial”, “accountant profession”, “digital skills”, and “critical thinking”. The finding shows that higher education remains the predominant author keyword in academic writing over the previous decade, with accounting education ranking second rather than critical thinking abilities. The top ten articles do not directly correspond to the digital and critical thinking abilities of Millennial accountants. This study contributes to the literature on the Millennial accountant profession by providing interdisciplinary approaches incorporating technology-enhanced learning methods, case studies, and real-world simulations to develop holistic skill sets among aspiring accountants.
Strategic treatment for a patient with missing lateral incisor and first molar accompanied by posterior scissor bite and an impacted premolar
Authors: Yan Boxi , Liu Xuejiao , Xu Kaiyuan , Dai Fanfan
Published: May 2024

Managing orthodontic treatment for adults with missing permanent teeth can be intricate, especially when dealing with a posterior scissor bite and an impacted tooth. This case report presents successful treatment of a female patient with dental and skeletal Class II malocclusion, high mandibular plane angle, missing maxillary left lateral incisor and mandibular right first molar, as well as right posterior scissor bite, and a deeply impacted mandibular left second premolar. In the maxilla, the right second molar and right lateral incisor were strategically extracted to eliminate the scissor bite and enhance frontal esthetic balance. In the mandible, the edentulous space caused by early loss of the first molar was successfully closed and the impacted second premolar was guided into its proper position after surgical exposure. Finally, symmetric frontal esthetics, well-aligned dentition with ideal intercuspation and an improved profile were achieved, which remained stable in the 17 month follow-up.
Targeted Combined Endpoint Improvement in Patient and Disease Domains in Atopic Dermatitis: A Treat-to-Target Analysis of Adults with Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis Treated with Upadacitinib
Authors: Kwatra Shawn G. , De Bruin-Weller Marjolein , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Lio Peter , Deleuran Mette , Aydin Handan , Calimlim Brian M. , Lane Michael C. , Liu Yingyi , Ofori Sarah , Weidinger Stephan
Published: May 2024

A treat-to-target approach was recently developed to guide systemic treatment for adults with atopic dermatitis (AD). Recommendations outlined criteria for a 3-month initial acceptable treatment target and a 6-month optimal target, evaluated using global assessment of patient-reported disease severity, as well as Eczema Area and Severity Index, itch assessed on an 11-point numerical rating scale, Dermatology Life Quality Index, or Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure. Achievement of these targets with once-daily upadacitinib (15 mg and 30 mg) monotherapy was evaluated using integrated adult data from the Measure Up 1 and 2 phase 3 studies. Among the 852 patients treated with upadacitinib 15 mg or 30 mg, the 3-month initial acceptable target was achieved by >80%, >78%, and ≥87% of patients, and the 6-month optimal target was achieved by ≥53%, >61%, and >73% of patients at weeks 2, 16, and 52, respectively. Achievement of all 6 individual criteria for each of the target goals also increased over time. These findings suggest that upadacitinib 15 mg and 30 mg may help improve standards of care in patients with moderate-to-severe AD by achieving 6-month target goals at 16 weeks and as early as 2 weeks for most patients.
Statistical modeling and optimization of clad geometry in laser cladding of Amdry 961 on Inconel 713LC superalloy with response surface methodology
Authors: Hajiahmadi Mahya , Khorram Ali , Ghoreishi Majid
Published: May 2024

In this study, Inconel 713LC superalloy was laser-clad with Amdry 961 powder using a 1 kW fiber laser. Response surface methodology was used to investigate the effect of laser power, duty cycle, and scanning speed on the deposited bead's geometry (width, height, and clad angle) and the dilution ratio. Interestingly, higher laser power and duty cycle increased bead width, clad angle, and dilution ratio but decreased bead height, while the opposite effect was observed for scanning speed. The process optimization was performed by a simultaneous optimization technique. This technique identified the ideal parameters: a laser power of 840 W, a duty cycle of 79.5%, and a scanning speed of 4.38 mm/s. These settings effectively optimized clad properties, with mean absolute errors of 7.96% for clad width, 14.74% for clad height, 16.71% for clad angle, and 5.166% for dilution ratio. These values demonstrate the precision of optimized parameter settings.
Huddled and Preternatural- Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia
Authors: A Bajaj
Published: May 2024

Atypical lobular hyperplasia manifests as a clonal proliferation of dis-cohesive epithelial cells emerging from terminal duct lobular units. Neoplasm appears reminiscent of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) although cellular quantification is reduced. Characteristically, the incidentally discovered lesion is associated with dysfunction or decimation of E-cadherin. Additionally designated as lobular intraepithelial neoplastic 1 (LIN1), tumefaction exemplifies a female preponderance. Typically, adult subjects are implicated. Tumefaction is commonly encountered within the fifth decade although no age of disease emergence is exempt. Atypical lobular hyperplasia is detected within<1% of core needle biopsies adopted for evaluating BI-RADS 4 lesions [1,2]. Atypical lobular hyperplasia may incriminate bilateral breasts wherein specific lesion localization is absent. Tumefaction exhibits loss of chromosome 16qand deletion of CDH1 genes with loss of function of E-cadherin, a Tran’s membrane cell adhesion molecule. Alternatively, altered function of E-cadherin may occur. Exceptionally, various adhesion proteins are implicated wherein E-cadherin molecule appears stable [1,2]. Characteristically, atypical lobular hyperplasia is a diploid neoplasm. Tumefaction exhibits loss of heterozygosis (LOH) at chromosome 16q. A subset of neoplasms demonstrates methylation of CDH1 gene. Several tumefaction express loss of chromosome 22q and 16p, gain of chromosome 2p11.2, 5q32- 33.1 (CSF1R), 6q, 11q13 or 14q32.33.
Who is who in Rembrandt's Painting “The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Tulp” and Painting « The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Dr Deyman» in Reflection of Philately
Authors: KA Bugaevsky
Published: May 2024

In this research article, its author presents the results of a study directly related to the identification of participants in an anatomy lesson conducted by Nicholas Tulp, in the famous painting by Rembrandt, in reflection of such collecting means as philately, faleristics and numismatics. The author of the article indicates all the characters in this picture, which are presented in the philatelic part of the collection collection, on postage stamps. In total, this article presents 44 collectible, philatelic, philocartistic, specimens, as well as 6 screenshot copies of paintings, old books and other color auxiliary illustrations.