bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of Quality of Life Contributors for Stroke Survivors: Potential Implications for Service Delivery Within the Community Rehabilitation Context
Authors: Fritsch Gaylea , Patterson Sarah , Blight Anita , Daniells Renaye
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Community rehabilitation services typically assist stroke survivors with function, participation, and quality of life. Many factors have been found to influence the overall quality of life including self-identity, control, social supports, personality, and participation in valued activities. This review explored the possible contributing quality of life factors for stroke survivors within a community rehabilitation context to assist with further development of service delivery within this clinical area. Method: A purposive sample of clients with stroke (n=20) was selected based on their overall quality of life change during their rehabilitation program as measured on the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Questionnaire. Clients with the largest positive and negative quality of life changes were included. A clinical record review of client medical records was undertaken of these stroke survivors to identify and describe common themes that may be related to quality of life. Results: Five general themes emerged relating to possible contributing factors to quality of life for clients participating in this community stroke rehabilitation setting including transiting between hospital and community, flexibility of service delivery model, strength of family and household relationships, acceptance and expectation of both service delivery and functional levels, and ongoing co-morbid medical issues. Conclusions: This review suggests that community rehabilitation service models of care should be flexible and tailored to client needs and goals to enable a true “client-centered” approach. Social and behavioural paradigms should be incorporated within the community rehabilitation settings. Services should focus on personal factors such as the stroke survivor's adjustment to their situation, personality factors, and outcome expectations. Consideration also needs to be given to the overall continuum of care of health care services.
Survey of Attitudes, Knowledge, and Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice Among Thai Physical Therapists
Authors: Vongsirinavarat Mantana , Mathiyakom Witaya , Krityakiarana Warin , Hengsomboon Ninwisan , Kraiwong Ratchanok
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Healthcare professionals are encouraged to use evidence-based practice (EBP) to improve the quality of care and the patient’s quality of life. Knowledge and skill set specific to EBP, critical resources such as time and accessibility to databases, and clinician’s attitude toward EBP are needed for successful implementation of EBP. However, little is currently known about these factors among Thai Physical Therapists (PTs). This study aimed to explore the patterns of attitudes, perceived knowledge, and barriers toward EBP in Thai PTs. Method: An online questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding attitudes, knowledge, and barriers from Thai PTs. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the responses. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between personal and work characteristics and the responses related to attitude, knowledge, and barriers. Results: A total of 719 Thai PTs responded to the questionnaire. Based on this sample, Thai PTs had positive attitudes and perceived themselves as having sufficient background EBP education and skills. They were confident in performing a literature search, critically appraisal, and applying research in their practice. However, the frequencies of searching and reading of literature were relatively low. Less than half of respondents understood terms related to EBP asked in the survey instrument. The barriers to EBP were insufficient time and limited research and statistical skills. PTs who were younger and having higher education were more likely to have better attitudes and knowledge. Conclusions: Despite the positive attitude and perceived knowledge of EBP, time allocation, formal training of EBP skills during academic preparation, and continuing education are required to overcome the barriers toward EBP. The discrepancy between the perception and practice of EBP observed calls for further investigation of actual skills and the barriers to the implementation of EBP.
“Get back on the horse and start over again”: Long-Term Effects of a Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Program in an Underserved Population
Authors: Lonneman William , Brown Bethanne , Engelhard Chalee , Noguchi Kimihiro , McFarlane Grace , Warner Diane , Kishigawa Akino
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective, mixed methods study is to examine the relationship between participation in an interdisciplinary diabetes self-management education (DSME) program at an urban primary health care center and patients’ perceived knowledge and skills, as well as clinical markers, on four cohorts of patients over a two-year period. Methods: Participants, mainly African-American females, responded to survey questions including self-care behaviors, perceived knowledge, and self-efficacy. The researchers also reviewed the participants’ clinical records for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) and body mass index (BMI) data and compared these to similar patients in the health center who had not participated in the DSME program. Additional analysis involved a cross comparison of earlier cohorts (2014-15) to later cohorts (2016-17). Results: Quantitative analysis showed strong statistical evidence that those in the DSME program had more control over their BMI as compared to the control group. The results also suggested that those in the program after 2016 had more control over their HbA1c than those in the program before 2016, although this evidence was more limited. Qualitative themes that emerged highlighted the participants’ valuing most what they learned about nutrition, exercise, and disease management. Conclusions: Population specific DSME programs can help produce both quality of life and clinical improvements that persist over time in underserved populations. This study was limited by a small sample size.
Using Experiential Learning to Enhance Student Outcomes in a Didactic Program in Dietetics Foodservice Management Course
Authors: Holik Michael , Heinerichs Scott , Wood Jena
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe student perceptions of their learning following experiential learning (EL) activities in a foodservice management course. Nutrition and dietetics education programs have a range of competencies students must learn and demonstrate throughout their curriculum. Learning styles differ amongst students and research has demonstrated they prefer to engage in EL (direct experience) activities to develop their knowledge. Foodservice management is one area of the curriculum that teaches students the basic functions of management; planning, organizing, directing, controlling, and staffing related to food, materials, facilities, and human resources. While this can be taught didactically, engaging in EL for this content may be a more valuable form of pedagogy to improve student understanding and use of content. Methods: After undergoing review and gaining approval from the Institutional Review Board, 196 nutrition and dietetic students from a regional comprehensive institution with an accredited undergraduate didactic program in dietetics were invited to participate in two experiential learning activities. At the conclusion of the activities, students completed an 8-question survey of their experiences. Results: Over 88% of students agreed EL activities promote better understanding of course content and 90% of students were in agreement that EL activities create an environment conducive to applying theory. Additionally, over 81% of students agreed that the activities encouraged the utilization of critical thinking skills, and 76% believed the activities promoted the value of teamwork and working independently. Finally, students were asked to respond to how the EL activity helped them understand course content and objectives. Two predominate themes emerged in the review of the open-ended responses. The first, EL helped connect and reinforce didactic theory to the real world ultimately assisting students to better prepare themselves for their career. The second focused on learning styles and students’ appreciation for the non-traditional way of learning, outside the classroom, with hands-on application. Conclusions: The results of the study provide support for the use of EL activities in foodservice management courses in a dietetics program. Participation in EL activities helped students close the loop between theoretical and applied learning. EL helped the development and utilization of skills employers are seeking such as critical thinking, teamwork, and independence. EL allows students to be hands-on in their learning and engage in activities aligned with theory and content necessary to meet competencies for entry-level practice in the field. Future research should include other types of foodservice establishments where a registered dietitian nutritionist is employed to determine if those environments have a positive impact on student learning.
Exploration of Grit and Emotional Intelligence and Success in a Doctor of Physical Therapy Program
Authors: Huhn Karen , Rusinski Brittney , Saucier Amanda , McIntyre Victoria , Rock Teresa , Nelson Makeala , Tham Yieng Huah , Duval Courtney
Published: September 2021

Background: Higher education programs that admit students to sequential curricula incur a substantial financial loss when an enrolled student fails to continue in the program for whatever reason. In many instances, the seat cannot be filled, and valuable tuition dollars often over $90,000 per student is lost to the institution. In addition to financial loss, Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs are required to report and explain rates to the Commission for Accreditation of Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). Admission committees at Doctor of Physical Therapy programs seek candidates that will be successful in the program and pass the National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore relationships of non-cognitive characteristics (grit and emotional intelligence) and Grade Point Average (GPA) in the first year of a DPT program with the intent to potentially identify students who might benefit from remediation/intervention to prevent attrition. Methods: Forty-two students in the first year of a Doctor of Physical Therapy program completed the Grit scale and the Mayers-Salovey Emotional Intelligence test early in the fall semester of year one. Results: There were no significant relationships between grit or emotional intelligence and academic success in the first year of a DPT program. Conclusions: The current study provides preliminary information related to non-cognitive factors of grit and emotional intelligence and success in a Doctor of Physical Therapy program.
An Examination of Employment Model and Policy and Procedure Practices of Secondary School Athletic Trainers
Authors: Dunbar-Gaynor Micaela , Zimmerman Ericka , Liberi Victor
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the policy and procedure practices of secondary school athletic trainers based on employment models. Methods: Following an online informed consent confirmation, participants completed a Policies and procedures status questionnaire, including demographics. This was distributed to certified athletic trainers currently employed in the secondary school setting in the United States. The survey consisted of 49 questions about the status of policies and procedures being in operation and/or written form. Results from the policies and procedures questionnaire were combined with the recorded employment model type to compare the status of policies and procedures between employment models. This study utilized descriptive and inferential statistics consisting of means, frequencies, percentages, and chi square analyses to report results that described and compared the current status of policies and procedures based on employment model. Results: There was a total of 232 participants. Fifty-nine percent (59.9%) of participants were directly employed athletic trainers and 40.1% were outreach employed athletic trainers. Policy and procedure manuals were in existence according to 72% of the participants. A total of 49 variables were inquired about. Of the 26 clinically significant (pConclusion: The results revealed that athletic trainers who identified the outreach employment model were more likely to have policies in both operation and in written form over those identifying with the directly employed model.
Peak Speeds of Professional Football Players During Bouts of Non-curved, Manual Treadmill Sprints
Authors: Peacock Corey , Peacock Jacob , Antonio Jose , Silver Tobin , Sanders Gabriel
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Speed training and short distance sprints have become an essential component of preparation for professional football players. Current trends in speed training have included the application of non-curved, manual treadmills, as they may enhance peak speeds with less biomechanical stress. A lack of data currently exists in regards to the effectiveness of different settings and peak speed response. Therefore, we proposed to compare peak speeds during different settings of non-curved, manual treadmills. It was hypothesized that as resistance/incline increased, peak sprinting speeds would decrease and vice versa. Methods: Fourteen male professional football players (27.14 ± 3.11 yrs., 183.93 ± 8.52 cm, 100.36 ± 15.60 kg) sprinted at peak speeds during four different incline/resistance bouts. Paired samples T-tests examined differences between bouts, and significance was set at p ≤ 0.008. Results: A significant difference (p < 0.001) existed for peak speeds between each incline/resistance bout (i.e. INC15R8, INC15R5, INC20R3, INC20R1). Conclusions: The observed data differences existed between all bouts, indicating that as resistance and/or incline increased, peak speed decreased. This also indicated that as resistance and/or incline decreased, peak speed increased during sprint bouts in professional football players.
La herencia romántica en la pieza teatral. Los conquistadores (1906) de José Santos Chocano
Authors: Ventura Vásquez Williams Nicks
Published: September 2021

Al iniciar el siglo XX, el sector letrado y la multitud popular aceptaron la maravillosa resonancia de los versos descriptivos y orquestales de José Santos Chocano y Gastañodi (1875-1934). Con el transcurrir de los años, la crítica solo se enfocó en la superficialidad y la enfática sonoridad de sus composiciones, produciéndose un masivo desinterés en el público lector. Resulta lógico comprender, entonces, que sus obras teatrales no se hayan
estudiados debidamente. En ese sentido, desde un enfoque del manejo del ritmo y la semiología teatral, consideramos importante revisar la pieza teatral Los conquistadores (1906). La finalidad de este trabajo es demostrar que Chocano no improvisa en el proceso de elaboración teatral de este drama histórico, sino que presenta los influjos románticos con cierta
actitud modernista.
La configuración de la muerte en el discurso poético de Javier Heraud
Authors: Quispe Mendivil Yoselin
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo tiene como fin contrastar la configuración del tópico de la muerte en los poemas de Javier Heraud que pertenecen a la poesía pura, «Las moscas» y «Las cucarachas», frente a los que forman parte de la poesía social, «Balada del guerrillero que partió» y «Ellos». El estudio sostiene que, en los poemas de la poesía pura, se manifiesta una simbología bisémica representada mediante la figura del insecto, la cual alude al capitalismo y a la muerte; mientras que, en los poemas de la poesía social, se evidencia una simbología monosémica representada mediante la figura del río, que refiere a la vida.
Dioses y héroes de Huarochirí
Authors: Cerrón-Palomino Rodolfo
Published: September 2021

No obstante haber transcurrido más de media centuria desde la aparición de la traducción arguediana del manuscrito de Huarochirí no se ha emprendido todavía, incluso en los esfuerzos posteriores por ofrecer versiones filológicamente más cuidadosas del texto, un estudio sistemático de la onomástica (antroponimia y toponimia) que lo dinamiza y delimita en el tiempo y en el espacio narrativos. En la presente contribución intentaremos precisamente etimologizar algunos de los nombres de los dioses y héroes que pueblan el universo textual del manuscrito. Para ello, como en toda pesquisa etimológica disciplinada, procuraremos guiarnos de los principios y postulados metodológicos insoslayables de la lingüística histórica y de la filología.
Incorporación de la doctora Eliana Gonzales Cruz a la Academia Peruana de la Lengua
Authors: Varillas Montenegro Alberto
Published: September 2021

Señor presidente de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua,
Señores miembros de la Academia,
Señoras y señores:

Fue por cierto una excelente decisión de la Asamblea General de la
Academia haber aprobado la incorporación a su seno, como Miembro de Número, de la doctora Eliana Gonzales Cruz. Y lo digo porque siento que su presencia entre sus ahora colegas viene a llenar tres vacíos que se percibían desde tiempo atrás: era importante reforzar el área de lingüística, lo mismo debo decir sobre la presencia femenina entre los miembros y, pese a que se desempeña en la sede limeña, proviene de una importante universidad de fuera de la capital donde se ha desempeñado como Coordinadora del Área de Lengua y Literatura y ha sido Directora de Investigación y Publicaciones. Y quizás a esos tres asuntos convenga referirnos hoy, día en que la Academia Peruana de la Lengua anuncia su incorporación.
Valdivia Baselli, A. Los virajes del quipu pensamiento utópico, (de)
construcción de nación y resistencia en el mundo andino. Lima: Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018, 127 pp. ISBN 9789972466472.
Authors: Suárez Guerrero Nico q
Published: September 2021

Reseña
Valdivia Baselli, A. Los virajes del quipu pensamiento utópico, (de)
construcción de nación y resistencia en el mundo andino. Lima: Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018, 127 pp. ISBN 9789972466472.

Quipu: palabra quechua que viene a ser un nudo en el idioma español. Actualmente, la manufacturación del quipu no tiene un significado en particular, pero en la sociedad del antiguo Perú, en la sociedad inca y precedentes a ellos, los quipus eran una herramienta de transmisión y registro informático. En este libro de Valdivia Baselli, el quipu es una metáfora de una utopía que, en el tiempo de la historia de resistencias, se intenta ordenar la sociedad utópica del Perú. Los virajes del quipu es un ensayo de reflexión filosófica y literaria producidos en el Perú colonial y post colonial. El tiempo de análisis a través de sus tres capítulos es vasto, casi 500 años. Inicia con las primeras gestas de producciones culturales
de Guamán Poma de Ayala, luego, el análisis se centra en la producción cultural y artístico del teatro quechua colonial de Juan Espinosa Medrano, para luego llegar a la complejidad del análisis del mundo andino en El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo de José María Arguedas.
La gestión pública y el presupuesto por resultados de la Dirección Regional de Educación Huánuco
Authors: Vidal-Chamorro Ruth I. , Martel-Carranza Christian P. , Torero-Solano de Martel Nathalie Z.
Published: September 2021

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre la gestión pública y el presupuesto por resultados en la Dirección Regional de Educación Huánuco. Métodos. Se empleó el método descriptivo. La población estuvo constituido por 56 trabajadores encargados de planificar, ejecutar y monitorear la gestión institucional. Se utilizó la encuesta y la recopilación bibliográfica como técnicas para la recolección de datos; luego, a fin de analizar los resultados, se procedió a la tabulación, elaboración de tablas y gráficos e interpretación de los mismos. Resultados. Los resultados obtenidos nos permitieron demostrar que la gestión pública se relaciona significativamente con el presupuesto por resultados en la Dirección Regional de Educación Huánuco. Conclusión. Se concluye que sí existe relación significativa entre la gestión pública y el presupuesto por resultados en la Dirección Regional de Educación Huánuco, mostrando un p-valor = 0,000 < 0,05 usando la prueba estadística no paramétrica de chi-cuadrado a 95 % de confiabilidad.
THE RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS ACCOUNTING IN THE REACTION NEAR-THRESHOLD OF $J/\psi$ PHOTOPRODUCTION
Authors: Martiryan Davit A.
Published: September 2021

The use of the method developed in the CLAS collaboration (Jefferson Lab, USA) of improving leptons momentum for more correct studies of final state selection of quasi-real photoproduction resulting from the reaction to near threshold photoproduction of the $J/\psi$ meson is described. The radiation photons that were detected in electromagnetic calorimeter were studied with electrons and positrons accompanied them in very narrow angles. The method of radiated photon selection of $e^+ e^- p^{\prime}(e^{\prime})$ reaction is given, where $e^+ e^-$ lepton pair is formed during the decay of $J/\psi$ meson.
The African Continental Free Trade Area and Its Employment-Generation Potentials in Nigeria’s Industrial Sector
Authors:   Institute of Health Technology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Scott Aigheyisi Oziengbe
Published: September 2021

The study empirically examines the employment generation potentials of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in Nigeria’s industrial sector. The ARDL approach to cointegration and error correction modeling is employed for analysis of annual time series data covering the period 19912020. The study finds inter alia that the short run effect of expansion of intra-African trade (expected to result from the AfCFTA) on industrial sector employment is positive and statistically significant. The long run effect is also positive, but not statistically significant. It also finds that trade openness integration of the economy with the global market – significantly enhances employment generation in the nation’s industrial sector in the long run; though the short run effect is negative and significant. These suggest that the country’s membership of the AfCFTA and implementation of policies aimed at (cautiously) deepening the integration of the economy with the global market should be considered as supplementary avenues to achieving (sustainable) employment generation in the nation’s industrial sector in the short-and long-run. Other evidence-based policy recommendations are discussed.
Utilization of Agricultural Wastes for Sustainable Development
Authors: GÜRDİL Gürkan , MENGSTU Mahtem , OMER Ako K
Published: September 2021

Embracing the idea of recycling wastes or changing waste to energy and other materials is an indispensable choice for sustainable development, and it is also a principal waste management mechanism. This study principally focuses on the utilization of agricultural wastes for sustainable development in areas related to organic manure usage, bioenergy production from the agricultural residues, and manufacturing of biocomposites. This article also addresses the potential of agricultural wastes in particular regions and the extent of their utilization to come up with a broader understanding of their effectiveness and practicality.
THE DISRUPTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES: IS WEB 2.0 A REASSURANCE FOR OR A THREAT TO THE CORE PRINCIPLES OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES IN RESPECT OF HUMAN RIGHTS LAWS?
Authors: GÜNER Bilge Kaan
Published: September 2021

Data is flying around us and there is a constant flow. Data traffic, based on a predictable and controllable system, is promising with its contributions to many areas of life and the solutions it offers to social problems. With the growth of technology, the internet continues to facilitate communication channels that are an integral part of our lives. The widespread applications of algorithms using artificial intelligence (AI) and the gradual increase in the use of 'Internet of Things' (IoT) technologies are stunning examples of how the internet has become a ubiquitous part of everyday life and how it permeates our lives.

While the extensive use of digital platforms benefits human rights, facilitating greater diversity of voices, greater access to information, and stronger social movements than ever before, there is also an increase in the abuse of society by malicious actors. Political microtargeting campaigns, mass spread of disinformation, foreign intervention in elections, and polarized 'echo chambers' during election periods, cyber techniques used directly or indirectly by such actors or institutions, we are subjected to destructive information bombardment. Therefore, within the framework of international human rights, there is a need for new local or international legislation to guide digital technology. However, due to the complexity of the problem, a multidimensional approach is needed to deal with cyber techniques that threaten democracy. Finding adequate solutions to disruptive cyber techniques is directly linked to maximizing accountability in the context of digital technology.

The purpose of this article is; It is an overview of why regulations that will solve this problem are vital while addressing the current and possible consequences of the algorithmic accountability problem in digital platforms created by governments and various institutions. In light of these, the first part of this article will attempt to explain current cyber techniques and how digital platforms facilitate their use. Then, the adequacy of current approaches to the disruptive aspects of technology will be examined within the scope of relevant human rights laws. Finally, the article will be concluded with a multidimensional approach to ensure internet freedom and protect democracy and rights.
Makna Relijius Dalam Ritual Adat Masyarakat Pesisir Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Kuswanto Heri , Fatkhurrokhman Ricy , Anam Khoirul
Published: September 2021

The Rasulan tradition is synonymous with the coastal communities of Gunungkidul. This tradition is used as a means of worship and offerings to spirits, the spirits of the ancestors of the gods and the rulers of the universe. Considering that this tradition is related to the belief system, the people on the coast of Gunungkidul still believe in and carry out this tradition with full awareness, comfort and holiness. Until now, the authenticity of the apostolic tradition has been preserved, starting from the time and place of implementation, the uborampe, the rites and the arts. Even though they have adapted to Islam and contemporary culture, the majority of people on the coast of Gunungkidul still have mystical beliefs about the various rites and offerings that are in the apostolic procession. After researching using qualitative data-based field research then analyzed by descriptive analysis method using various theories, it can be concluded that the people on the coast of Gunungkidul still believe in the mystical values ​​that exist in the rites and uborampe of the apostolic tradition. These values, among others, are the value of worship of spirits and ancestral spirits, the value of asking for safety, rejecting danger, freedom from prayer, togetherness, religion, mutual assistance, mutual assistance and the value of giving thanks to God.
Comparative effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization in patients with neck pain due to upper crossed syndrome
Authors: Tahir Mahmood  , Waqar Afzal  , Umair Ahmad  , Muhammad Asim Arif  , Ashfaq Ahmad
Published: September 2021

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of routine physical therapy with and without Instrument Assisted soft Tissue Mobilization on pain intensity, range of motion in patients with neck pain due to upper crossed syndrome.
Methods: It was Randomized clinical trial. The data was collected from Physiotherapy Clinics, The Agile Institute of rehabilitation Sciences (AIRS) and National Orthopedic Hospital Bahawalpur. The study was completed from 28 August 2019 to29 February 2020 after the approval .60 patients of upper crossed syndrome diagnosed patients complaining neck pain with forwarded head posture in age range of 18-40 years were included based on following Inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two equal groups of 30 each using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Outcome tool used were Inclinometer to assess range of motion and Pain by Numeric pain Rating Scale. The Data was analysed by using SPSS version 22. Criteria of significance i.e. p-value<0.05 was taken as significant at 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Pain rating at base line in experimental compared to routine physical therapy show significant improvement as P value was 0.01.The results of Neck Flexion P=0.03, Neck Right Bending P=.00, Neck Left Bending P=0.00. The results for Neck extension 0.25 show that both techniques were equally effective.
Conclusion: The study concluded that addition that Instrument soft tissue mobilization with combination of stretching exercise is more effective in management of symptoms of upper crossed syndrome.
Clinical Trial Number: [IRCT20190912044754N1]
Keywords: IASTM, Neck Pain, Upper Crossed Syndrome, Neck Range of Motion
Continuous...
Outcome of Total Hip Replacement with Ceramic on Ceramic Bearings, Case series from Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Khattak Mujahid Jamil , Ali Rufina , Hammad Naqi Khan  , Ashraf Umair
Published: September 2021

Total Hip replacement offers complete resolution of symptoms and restoration of Hip function. The long-term success of hip replacement primarily depends on wear and osteolysis resulting from the bearing surfaces used in hip replacement surgery. Different bearing surfaces have been used in hip replacements with variable success rate. Traditional combinations include, metal on polyethylene, ceramic on Polyethylene and metal on metal articulations. Ceramic on ceramic Bearing couple is a relatively newer combination recommended for younger patients requiring Total hip Arthroplasty. Ceramics have the lowest wear rate and are showing promising long-term results in international literature. We report the use of this bearing surface for the first time in Pakistan.
Continuous...
Két történet: a gyógyszertárak piaca 2010 után – Esettanulmány
Authors: Laki Mihály
Published: September 2021

A cikkben a szerző a gazdasági szabályozás két eseményét vizsgálta a gyógyszertárak piacán. Egy befolyásos szakmai szervezet javaslatainak beemelése a kormány programjába és a gyógyszerek iránti belföldi kereslet visszafogásának szándéka egyaránt meghatározták a Fidesz–KDNP-kormánynak a 2010-es választások után néhány hónappal hozott, a patikapiac szereplőinek viselkedését és erőviszonyait jelentősen befolyásoló és módosító döntéseit. Az új kormány a nagykereskedelmi és termelővállalatok növekvő piaci részesedését a gyógyszerészek (akik a helyi társadalom fontos véleményformálói) tulajdoni hányadának kötelező emelésével kívánta csökkenteni. A tulajdoni hányad növelését több, a költségvetés számára többletkiadással járó vagy bevételeit csökkentő kedvezmény szolgálta. Az ország nemzetközi megítélése szempontjából kedvezőtlen költségvetési hiánynövekedést a kiadások visszafogásával megakadályozni igyekvő kormány jelentősen csökkentette a gyógyszerkassza kiadásait is. Ez a döntés rontotta a gyógyszertárak piaci helyzetét, várakozásait, tulajdonszerzési terveit és esélyeit. A többségi gyógyszerésztulajdon megteremtésének programja azonban nem bukott el, csak késett. Amikor az egészségügy intézményeinek nyomására fokozatosan felpuhult a gyógyszerkassza költségvetési korlátja, a javuló piaci helyzetbe került és újabb tulajdonszerzési kedvezményekben részesülő gyógyszerészek vállalják a többségi tulajdon kockázatait.
Nemzetközi beruházásvédelem kontra az Európai Unió beruházáspolitikája: nemzetközi gazdasági jogi kollízió és ami mögötte van
Authors: Menczelesz Adrián
Published: September 2021

Az Európai Unió beruházásvédelmi politikája, az uniós jog és a nemzetközi beruházásvédelem közötti kollízió jelentős átalakulást eredményezhet a nemzetközi beruházásvédelmi szabályok, illetve az ehhez kapcsolódó vitarendezés tekintetében. A tanulmány ennek bemutatására törekedve elsőként az alapvető különbségeket írja le a nemzetközi beruházásvédelmi joganyag és az EU beruházásvédelmi politikája között. Ezt követően három fejezetben tárgyal három kiemelt kérdéskört. Az első fejezet az ICSID, az Európai Unió Bíróságának és a tagállami bíróságok ítéletein alapulva az EU-tagállamok közötti kétoldalú beruházásvédelmi egyezmények EU-joggal való összeütközéseinek bemutatására törekszik. A második fejezet az EU által a harmadik államokkal kötött beruházásvédelmi rendelkezéseket is tartalmazó egyezményekkel kapcsolatos egyes kérdéseket tárgyalja. A harmadik fejezet a nemzetközi beruházásvédelmi vitarendezés EU általi reformtervezetét összegzi.
A külkereskedelem tényei egy új perspektívából
Authors: Uliha Gábor , Vincze János
Published: September 2021

A cikk az úgynevezett folytonos wavelet-elemzés módszerét használja bizonyos európai uniós országok kereskedelmi idősorainak elemzésére. A wavelet-analízis egy viszonylag új eljárás, amelynek segítségével – többek között – felismerhetők a hagyományos módszerek által nem azonosítható összefüggések. Használata rohamosan terjed a közgazdaságtanban és a pénzügyekben, de – tudomásunk szerint – a külkereskedelmi adatok vizsgálatára eddig még nem használták. A tanulmányban 10 EU-tagország és az EU-28 kereskedelmi adatait elemezzük. Eredményeink egyfelől a kereskedelem előrejelzéséhez nyújtanak információkat: a 2008-as válság csak ideiglenesen, rövid távon növelte az egyes országok külkereskedelmének együtt mozgását, és szoros kapcsolatokat inkább hároméves vagy még hosszabb időtávon várhatunk. Másfelől egy újfajta csoportosítását kapjuk az európai kis gazdaságoknak kereskedelmi integráltság szempontjából, amely érdekes további kérdésekhez vezet.
A kapitalizmus változatai és technológiai innovációs kapacitás Közép-Európában: Magyarország esete
Authors: Rugraff Eric , Sass Magdolna
Published: September 2021

Közép-Európa volt átalakuló országait „függő piacgazdaságokként” írják le, ahol a külföldi tulajdonban működő vállalatok tevékenysége meghatározó. A cikk azt vizsgálja, hogy a helyi vállalatok technológiai innovatív kapacitásainak alakulására milyen hatása van annak, hogy ezek a gazdaságok a félig sztenderdizált termékek összeszerelésére szakosodtak, amely tevékenységet a multinacionális vállalatok koordinálják és kormányozzák. Az írás a „kapitalizmus változatai” megközelítésen alapul, és magyar autó-, gépipari és elektronikai cégek vállalati szintű K+F és szabadalomadatainak egyszerű statisztikai elemzésére támaszkodik. A szerzők eredményei szerint ezek a külföldi tulajdonban levő leányvállalatok általában nem kapnak arra felhatalmazást, hogy technológiailag innovatív tevékenységekbe invesztáljanak, és a magyar vállalatok technológiai innovációs kapacitása túl alacsony ahhoz, hogy a multinacionális cégek központjait ennek a mandátumnak az átgondolására ösztönözze. Ennek eredményeképpen a külföldi közvetlentőke-befektetésekhez (foreign direct investment – FDI) kapcsolódó technológiatranszfer a helyi vállalatok felé gyenge maradt. Következtetésük szerint az örökölt technológiai gyengeségek és a megfelelő, a fejlett technológiai kompetenciákat vonzó FDI-politika hiánya az iparszerkezet konzerválódásához és a külföldi tulajdonban működő leányvállalatoktól a hazai cégek felé irányuló technológiatranszfer alacsony szintjéhez, illetve a két említett vállalatcsoport közötti együttműködés alacsony szintjéhez vezetett.
Kuvait mint arab donor segélyezési motivációi
Authors: Udvari Beáta , Kiss Gábor Dávid , Kis Katalin , Pontet Julianna , Halmosi Péter
Published: September 2021

A feltörekvő donorok szerepe egyre jelentősebb a nemzetközi fejlesztési együttműködésben. Kína, Brazília és India mellett az arab donorok (Kuvait, Szaúd-Arábia, Egyesült Arab Emírségek) segélyezése is meghatározó. E donorok tevékenységéről, segélyezési intézményi hátteréről, motivációjukról meglehetősen keveset tudunk az arab donorok átfogó multilaterális együttműködése és a Kuvaitban már az 1960-as években kiépült segélyezési intézményrendszer ellenére. E cikkben így az arab donorokra fókuszálunk, és közülük is Kuvait segélyezési tevékenysége mögött meghúzódó motivációkat elemezzük. Mivel a kereskedelmi kapcsolatok is meghatározóak a segélyek elosztásában, így az összes kuvaiti bilaterális segély mellett az Aid for Trade (AfT) elosztása mögött meghúzódó okokat is megvizsgáljuk. Az irodalmi áttekintés és a 124 recipiens országon alapuló statisztikai vizsgálat eredményei szerint a kuvaiti segélyek és AfT-támogatások elosztását a közös nyelv mellett az egy főre jutó GDP befolyásolja szignifikánsan, viszont a segélyek nagyságánál már a recipiens ország jobb gazdasági helyzete a döntő tényező.
Kopint–Tárki Zrt.: Szűk esztendő után…
Authors: Matheika Zoltán , Nagy Katalin , Palócz Éva
Published: September 2021

A gazdasági növekedés lefékeződése 2016-ban a vártnál erőteljesebb volt. A lassulás elsődleges oka az uniós források átmeneti kiesése, míg az idén e források beáramlásának felgyorsulása a növekedés egyik fő hajtóereje lesz, legalábbis erre mutatnak a kormányzati szándékok, a már megjelent pályázati programok. Mindazonáltal a tavalyi lassulás mértéke rávilágít a magyarországi beruházások EU-forrásoktól való túlzott függésére. A Kopint–Tárki az idei esztendőre 3,7 százalékos gazdasági növekedéssel kalkulál, amely a beruházások és a fogyasztás dinamikus emelkedésére támaszkodik. Az infláció 2,7 százalékra gyorsulhat, részben a világpiaci olajárak némi emelkedése, részben a bérköltségek számottevő növekedése és az erős belső fogyasztói kereslet miatt.
Globális kockázatok, világgazdasági kihívások – az állam változó szerepe
Authors: Elekes Andrea
Published: September 2021

A cikk az elmúlt évtized három legnagyobbnak tekintett globális gazdasági kockázatán (pénzügyi és fiskális kockázatok, krónikus munkanélküliség és olajársokk), illetve azok potenciális hatásain keresztül mutatja be, melyek azok az esetek, amikor a további negatív hatások elkerülése érdekében mindenképpen szükségessé válik az állami beavatkozás. Ezek a példák arra is rávilágítanak, hogy az állam szerepe változóban van. Globális piaci szereplőként a globális kockázatokat és lehetőségeket felmérve, előre jelezve, azokat a döntésekbe beépítve, hosszú távú stratégiákban gondolkodva lehet megőrizni a versenyképességet, a stabilitást, illetve csökkenteni a sérülékenységet, a globális kockázatoknak való kitettséget. A globális kockázatok, a hosszú távú stratégiai megközelítés az országok többségében gazdaságpolitikai fordulatot igényel: a monetáris és fiskális igazodás helyett egyre inkább termelékenységjavító strukturális reformokra van szükség. A növekedés ugyanis mindinkább a felhalmozott készségek, szakértelem, valamint az innováció és a tudásalapú tőke által vezérelt többtényezős termelékenység függvénye.
Food and Nutrition Policies of African Countries
Authors: Lurch Thimba , Rhushine Thabanu , Shimpiwe Nyoki
Published: September 2021

The food crisis that is currently being faced by the world is very vulnerable to the survival of mankind. A food crisis usually begins with a shock to either supply or demand for food and often involves a sudden spike in food prices. Food security is a flexible concept that is reflected in many attempts at every definition used in research and policy. Empowerment of farmers in the African agricultural sector is the key to realizing African food security. The strategy of privatizing agricultural inputs by prohibiting the circulation of traditional seeds indirectly forces small farmers to buy private agricultural inputs
In vitro Antioxidant and In vivo Hepatocurative and Nephrocurative Activities of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Newbouldia laevis in Albino Rats
Authors: Sulaiman Mohammed A. , Jada Mahmoud S. , Elizabeth Augustine , Umar Modibbo Abubakar
Published: September 2021

The in vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hepatocurative and nephrocurative potential of Newbouldia laevis aqueous leaf extract (NLALE) was evaluated. The study used 30 male, albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 180 ± 20 g, of which 25 were intoxicated by oral administration of a single dose of diclofenac (100 mg/kg b. wt.). Animals were treated by oral administration of silymarin (200 mg/kg b. wt.), furosemide (1.5 mg/kg b. wt.) and NLALE (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b. wt.) for seven consecutive days before animals were sacrificed on the 8th day and serum/plasma was analyzed for biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Phytochemical screening of NLALE revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, saponins, steroids and tannins. The extract scavenged DPPH radical, reduced Fe3+ and inhibited TBARs in comparable manner to ascorbic acid in vitro. NLALE also attenuated diclofenac-induced liver and kidney intoxication as indicated by the significantly (p<0.05) reduced levels of serum biomarkers of hepatotoxicity: ALT, AST, bilirubin, but increased total protein levels and nephrotoxicity: urea, creatinine, Na+ and K+. The observed effects are dose dependent as the 400 mg/kg b. wt. appeared to be more potent than the 200 mg/kg b. wt. dose. It may be concluded from this study that Newbouldia laevis leaf has ameliorative effect against diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity probably through antioxidative mechanism and the curative claim and the folkloric use of the plant in the treatment of liver and kidney diseases have been scientifically validated
COVID-19 – rheumatic diseases and rheumatologists
Authors: Maślińska Maria
Published: September 2021

After battling – for more than a year – the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its successive waves affecting different regions of the world, the medical community, regardless of the specialization its members represent, has achieved a basic understanding of the main problems this virus poses. The knowledge gained throughout the pandemic concerns a wide range of issues – from the course of the disease, which is often unpredictable, through the methods of therapeutic treatment, to the emergence of the post-COVID phenomena. Since the emergence of the pandemic one of the fundamental problems encountered by the medical community has been the identification of factors that negatively influence the outcome of the infection and those that seem beneficial for the patients.
Vitamin D supply in patients with rheumatic diseases in Poland. A pilot study
Authors: Runowska Marta , Majewski Dominik , Majewska Katarzyna , Puszczewicz Mariusz
Published: September 2021

Introduction

In rheumatic diseases, vitamin D supply is recommended as part of the prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis, especially in patients undergoing glucocorticoid therapy, but also due to its immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to evaluate serum 25-hydroxy­vitamin D [25(OH)D3] levels in Polish patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), in relation to various clinical parameters, and to assess the initial range of doses for the purpose of further research.

Material and methods

112 patients (39 with SLE, 44 with SSc and 29 with GPA), referred to the Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine in Poznan, Poland, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including 25(OH)D3 serum levels, vitamin D supplementation doses and season of blood sampling.

Results

Mean (SD) serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were 31 (19.4) ng/ml for SLE, 28.8 (12.5) ng/ml
for SSc and 28 (15.2) ng/ml for GPA, and they did not significantly differ between the groups. Vitamin D levels below the optimal range were found in 43.8% of SLE, 65.9% of SSc and 72.4% of GPA patients. 80% of patients reported vitamin D intake, with a mean daily dose of 1398 IU for SLE, 1345 IU for SSc and 1689 IU for GPA. Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were frequent among patients with rheumatic diseases, independently of the diagnosis and season.

Conclusions

Patients with rheumatic diseases seem to require higher doses of vitamin D than recommended for the general population. The present results indicate the necessity to use higher initial doses of vitamin D in this group of patients (2000 to 4000 UI) and to maintain the dose of vitamin D regardless of the change of seasons.
Construct validity and response to therapy of the U9 ultrasonographic scale for assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mortada Mohamed , Aly Hany , Elmallah Reem , Radwan Ahmed , Elsaman Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Introduction

To test the construct validity of the U9 ultrasonographic scale, to determine the cut-off points for different degrees of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity, and to determine whether or not US assessment with the U9 score is useful for monitoring the response to treatment of RA.

Material and methods

A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in 4 different centers in Egypt. All RA patients who were recruited were subject to evaluation of clinical disease activity by the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score of 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Assessment of the Functional Status by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and U9 ultrasound score was performed. All the targeted joints were assessed by EULAR recommendations and the combined score of EULAR/OMERACT (0–3). Targeted tendons scored 0–3. After three months of treatment, CDAI and DAS28-ESR, HAQ, and U9 were repeated to detect the response.

Results

One hundred and forty patients with mean age 39.26 ±11.30 were recruited from 4 centers. With regard to convergent validity, the U9 ultrasonographic scale was significantly associated with clinical parameters (CDAI and DAS28-ESR) as well as functional state (HAQ) at both visits. Likewise, concerning discriminative validity, the U9 scale showed the ability to distinguish different grades of RA activity, presenting well-defined cut-off points of different grades (severe, moderate, and mild), with very good specificity and sensitivity (11.5, 5.5, and 3.5, respectively). A significant parallel decrease was detected in clinical and sonographic scales at the follow-up assessment.

Conclusions

The U9 ultrasound scale showed good construct (convergent and discriminative) vali­dity and can be used to monitor the disease and therapeutic response to treatment in RA.