bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Psikologi Agama Tentang Nafsu Sebagai Gejala Jiwa Anak
Authors: Suriati Suriati
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini akan menfokuskan pembahasan pada dua aspek pokokya itu bagaimana gejala jiwa anak yang ditimbulkan oleh nafsu menurut tinjauan psikologi agama dan langkah-langkah yang ditempuh untuk mengendalikan hafsu  kearah yang positif menurut tinjauan  psikologi agama. Adapun kesimpulan tulisan ini yaitu:bahwa dengan tinjauan psikologi agama dimana nafsu sebagai gejala jiwa anak, memberikan kajian bahwa dengan pengendalian nafsu, bimbingan yang kontinyu serta kedekatan kasih sayang, maka pengendalian diri, dan emosi seorang anak dapat diarahkan kearah yang baik sehingga menjadi pribadi yang berakhlak dan berprilaku yang sesuai dengan tuntunan Agama Islam, disamping itu, peranan keluarga sebagai pendidikan yangb utama dan utama menjadi jembatan dan langkah-langkah dalam menuntun kepribadian anak menuju pribadi yang positif, selain beberapa pengaruh dan tindakan, seperti pergaulan dan lingkungan serta langkah-langkah yang ditempuh untuk mengendalikan nafsu kearah yang positif menurut tinjauan psikologi  agama adalah dengan meningkatkan nilai-nilai keimanan dan ketaqwaan kepada Allah swt, kapan dan dimana saja sehingga jiwa manusia akan kembali kearah yang positif untuk mencapai tingakat muttaqin, mendirikan shalat lima waktu dengan khusyu, tafakku dan zikir serta senantiasa meningkatkan pemahaman dan pengamalan ibadah shalat wajib dan sunnah, puasa, zakat dan membaca al-Qur’an dengan penuh perhatian.
Al-Khawarij Dan Al-Murjiah ( Sejarah Timbulnya dan Pokok-pokok Ajarannya)
Authors: Anis Anis
Published: September 2020

Pada waktu Nabi Muhammad Saw. Bersatu bulat dalam segala-galanya. Tidak ada aliran dan mazhab pada waktu itu, apakah aliran atau mazhab dalam bidang Fiqhi maupun dalam bidang Teologi. Nabi merupakan kesatuan sumber dalam lmu dan amal, dalam perintah dan ketaatan, uswatun hasanah: suri teladan dalam kehidupan. Jika kaum muslim berbantah dan berbeda paham dalam sebuah masalah, maka ucapan nabi adalah hak  yang memutuskan, dimana konsekwensi dari keputusan tesebut harus ditaati dan tidak pendapat lain, dalam artia ucapan nabi adalah Haq: yang paling benar.
Analisis Penerapan Metode Dakwah Berdasarkan Karakteristik Mad’u dalam Aktivitas Dakwah
Authors: Rahmatullah Rahmatullah
Published: September 2020

Penerapan metode dakwah dalam aktivitas dakwah harus sesuai dengan karakteristik mad’u yang dihadapi. Pemilihan dan penentuan metode dakwah semestinya mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek terutama tingkat pemahaman dan cara penerimaan dari mad’u. Masyarakat berpendidikan, cendikiawan atau golongan khawas pasti berbeda penerimaannya dengan masyarakat pertengahan dan masyarakat awam. Tingkatan penerimaan dan pemahaman masyarakat yang menjadi mad’u mengindikasikan pentingnya pemilihan metode dakwah yang dilakukan dalam aktivitas dakwah. Secara garis besar dalam al-Qur’an Surat An-Nahl 125 telah dijelaskan tentang metode-metode dakwah yang telah dikaji oleh beberapa ahli tentang kesesuaian antara metode dakwah yang diberikan dengan karakteristik mad’u yang merupakan sasaran dakwah. Metode bi al-hikmah sebagai metode yang utama secara garis besar diarahkan kepada masyarakat cendikiawan atau khawas, penerapan metode mauidzah hasanah kepada masyarakat pertengahan dan metode al-mujadalah untuk masyarakat awam (masyarakat yang masih dikungkung oleh tradisi jahiliah yang terkadang dengan kesombongannya melakukan kebatilan secara terang-terangan).
Kaidah Mubhama>t dalam Memahami Al-Qur’an
Authors: Amir Amir Hamzah
Published: September 2020

Uraian dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas dan menegaskan kembali urgensitas kaidah-kaidah tafsir dalam menginterpretasi kalam ilahi. Hal demikian dimaksudkan agar seorang mufasir terhindar dari pemahaman menyimpang ketika melakukan interaksi intensif terhadap firman-Nya. Selain itu, kajian ini menambah pula wawasan ragam kaidah dalam diskursus tafsir, baik klasik maupun kontemporer. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yang mengemukakan ulasan-ulasan dasar mengenai kaidah-kaidah tafsir, terkhusus kaidah mubhamat. Akhirnya, penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah pemahaman baru tentang komprehensifitas tafsir di antaranya berangkat dari keahliaan mufasir mengaplikasikan kaidah mubhamat.
Syukur dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis makna-makna ayat al-Qur’an dan hakikat syukur dalam perspektif al-Qur’an, selain itu sasarannya terhadap umat Islam melalui implementasinya dalam kehidupan, mengingat konteks syukur adalah ungkapan dan tindakan manusia atas anugerah Allah Swt. yang terkadang sulit diimplementasikan. Tulisan ini turut menyajikan pentingnya rekonstruksi diri manusia sebagai makhluk pelupa (kufur nikmat) hingga layak dijadikan bacaan dalam khazanah keilmuan Islam. Metode penulisan ini adalah studi kepustakaan (library research) yakni menelaah sumber-sumber normatif yang dapat dijadikan sajian informatif dalam kmonteks kehidupan manusia (umat Islam) secara luas. Oleh karena itu, rekonstruksi diri manusia penting mewujudkan diri dalam bentuk syukur dengan hati, syukur dengan lidah, syukur melalui perbuatan atas segala bentuk pemberian (nikmat/anugerah) dalam setiap dimensi kehidupan seseorang/umat Islam.
Konseling Behavior Dengan Teknik Overcorrection Untuk Megurangi Perilaku Membolos Siswa
Authors: Mulkyan Mulkyan
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan dan menjelaskan tentang konseling behavior dengan tehnik overcorrection dalam mengurangi perilaku membolos siswa. Adapun sasaran tulisan ini adalah lembaga-lembaga pendidikan, sekolah, guru/tenaga pengajar, para orang tua untuk memberikan pembinaan dalam membentuk perubahan sikap kearah yang dari maladaptif menuju sikap dan perilaku adaptif. Secara ringkas, dari tulisan ini dapat dipahami tentang penerapan konseling behavior dengan tehnik overcorrction, tahapan proses dan tujun dalam mengurangi perilaku membolos siswa yang terdiri dari, pertama: melakukan asesmen (assessment), kedua: menentukan tujuan (goal setting), ketiga: mengimplementasikan teknik (technique implementation), keempat: evauasi mengakhiri konseling (evaluation termination). Dengan adanya tulisan ini diharapkan para guru, orang tua dan umumnya terhadap masyarakat dapat mendampingi anak didiknya agar tidak terjerumus dalam perilaku-perilaku yang tidak dibenarkan baik secara moral dan agama. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu jenis penelian kepustakaan (library research).
Pendekatan Person-Centered Dalam Menangani Body Shaming Pada Wanita
Authors: Alawiyah Desi
Published: September 2020

Menginjak  fase  pubertas remaja mengalami fase peruahan salah satu perubahan  fisik. Beberapa kasus yang dialami oleh remaja berupa kekerasan non veral. Perubahan  fisik  menjadi bahan  ejekan, seperti terlalu tinggi, terlalu pendek, terlalu gemuk,  terlalu  kurus,  berkulit  coklat, dan  lain  sebagainya.  Komentar  soal tubuh  yang  dianggap  tidak  sesuai keyakinan  kecantikan  dapat  membuat seseorang merasa  kurang peraya diri. Kemajuan teknologi pada era ini memudahkan individu dalam mengakses informasi dari segala media. Selain memudahkan juga menimbulkan permasalahan perbandingan dari individu satu dengan lainnya. Body shaming seagai salah satu kasus yang mudah sekali terjadi tanpa disadari oleh setiap orang. Body shaming  adalah  bentuk  dari  tindakan mengomentari fisik, penampilan, atau citra diri seseorang. Pendekatan person-centered memberikan bantuan berupa meningkatkan kualitas hubungan antara konselor dan klien (conditions for therapeutic change). Konselor membentuk  kembali ideal self dan real self dari Individu tersebut.
Metode Preventif Kuratif Dalam Menangani Penyimpangan Seksual Remaja Perspektif Konseling Islam
Authors: Surianti Surianti
Published: September 2020

Penyimpagan seksual yang terjadi pada banyak remaja sekarang ini merupakan gejala yang semakin hari semakin berkembang dan meningkat. Salah satu faktornya adalah budaya barat yang berhasil masuk dan diadopsi oleh anak-anak remaja sekarang ini yang membuat pergaulan mereka semakin bebas dan tidak lagi membatasi dirinya dengan lawan jenisnya. Hal ini perlu segera di tangani, sehingga diperlukan beberapa metode dalam menangani permasalahan tersebut. Dalam tulisan ini dijelaskan beberapa metode dengan pendekatan konseling islami dalam menangani penyimpangan seksual remaja. Beberapa metodenya adalah metode preventif yang bertujuan untuk mencegah agar perilaku penyimpangan seksual tidak terjadi yang dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pengajaran kepada remaja mengenai Pendidikan akhlak dan pembinaan rohaniah. Selanjutnya, metode kuratif yang bertujuan untuk menyembuhkan dari perilaku penyimpangan seksual yang dilakukan remaja yang dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pemahaman kepada remaja mengenai Pendidikan seks, memberikan hukuman dan menikah.
Jihad Dan Dakwah
Authors: Suriati Suriati
Published: September 2020

Pembahasan dalam tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan pentingnya memahami dan meletakkan posisi wacana jihad sebagai suatu diskursus dalam Islam secara tepat, mengingat konsep jihad kerap disalahartikan oleh sebagian umat Islam sebagai pengertian dan konsep yang kaku (ekstrem) sebagaimana pandangan orientalisme. Selain itu pembahasan ini diharapkan dapat menambah khazanah pemahaman umat Islam tentang jihad dalam konsep dakwah pada berbagai dimensi kehidupan masyarakat. Tulisan ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menelaah sumber-sumber otentik tentang jihad dan dakwah. Secara ringkas;  (1). Jihad dan dakwah  penting diposisikan letaknya pada pemahaman yang dinamis dan tepat berdasar pada konsep normatif (al-qur’an dan sunnah) dan doktrin/ijtihad (aqwa>l al-‘ulama>’). (2). Jihad dan dakwah adalah satu mata rantai dalam pengamalan ajaran Islam dan penegakan amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar, (3). Implikasi dari jihad dalam perspektif dakwah adalah ummat Islam secara internal dan eksternal, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara.
Konseling Traumatik: Sebuah Strategi Guna Mereduksi Dampak Psikologis Korban Bencana Alam
Authors: Khairul Rahmat Hayatul , Alawiyah Desi
Published: September 2020

Tulisan ini mencoba untuk membahas konseling traumatik sebagai sebuah strategi untuk mereduksi dampak psikologis korban bencana alam. Indonesia adalah negara yang akan mengalami bencana yang dapat dilihat berdasarkan data dari Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana pada tahun 2019 yang disediakan 3.721 peristiwa bencana. Bencana yang terjadi akan menimbulkan dampak psikologis maupun dampak non-psikologis. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) konseling traumatik merupakan proses memberi makna bagi klien yang mengalami trauma dan memberi makna pula bagi konselor yang membantu mengatasi trauma kliennya; (2) dampak psikologis dari bencana alam dapat diketahui berdasarkan tiga faktor yaitu faktor pra bencana, faktor saat bencana, dan faktor pasca bencana; dan (3) dalam implementasi konseling traumatik dalam mereduksi dampak psikologis korban bencana alam menggunakan beberapa strategi dalam tiga tahap yaitu tahap awal konseling, tahap pertengahan konseling, dan tahap akhir konseling.
Gerakan dan Dakwah Islam (Peran Murji’ah dalam Membangun Peradaban Islam)
Authors: Amir Amir Hamzah , Asriadi Asriadi
Published: September 2020

Murji’ah adalah golongan ketidak setujuan dengan pendapat kaum Khawarij, yang menghukumi kafir orang-orang yang melakukan dan menyetujui tahkim. Ajaran pokok murji’ah pada dasarnya bersumber dari gagasan atau doktrin irja yang diaplikasikan dalam banyak persoalan, baik politik maupun teologis. Aliran Murji’ah mengalami perkembangan, yaitu dengan terbagi menjadi sub-sekte yang kecil-kecil. Hal itu dikarenakan perbedaan pendapat yang bersifat internal tentang permasalahan-permasalahan yang muncul. Di bidang politik, doktrin irja diimplementasikan dengan sikap politik netral atau nonblok, yang hampir selalu diekspresikan dengan sikap diam. Golongan Murji’ah dibagi kedalam dua kelompok besar yaitu golongan moderat dan ekstrim sehinggga murjiah dianggap memiliki peran dalam permbangnan peradaban islam.
Studi tentang pentingnya komunikasi Dalam pembinaan keluarga
Authors: Awaluddin Awaluddin
Published: September 2020

Jurnal ini berjudul “Studi tentang Pentingnya Komunikasi dalam Pembinaan Keluarga”, merupakan kajian dalam bentuk penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research). Skripsi ini dibahas dengan menggunakan pendekatan paedagogik dan dibahas dengan analisis isi.

Keluarga adalah institusi pertama dan merupakan lembaga yang paling bertanggung jawab terhadap peletakan dasar-dasar pendidikan anak. Di dalam keluarga, terdapat orang tua yang terdiri dari bapak dan ibu, memiliki tanggung jawab yang sangat besar terhadap pendidikan anak-anaknya. Pengembangan sikap, watak dan kepribadian anak sangat ditentukan oleh bagaimana bentuk pembinaan dan pendidikan yang diterima dari kedua orang tuanya. Dalam rangka mendidik anak di dalam lingkungan rumah tangga, para orang tua dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan dalam mengarahkan dan membimbing anak-anaknya. Apa yang disampaikan oleh orang tua kepada anak memerlukan strategi yang tepat sehingga pesan-pesan yang disampaikannya dapat diterima oleh anak dengan sebaik-baiknya sehingga keharmonisan antara orang tua dengan anak tetap terjaga. Selain itu, komunikasi yang baik antara orang tua dengan anak akan senantiasa memberikan jaminan emosional bagi anak-anak sehingga anak-anak dapat mengalami perkembangan kejiwaan secara wajar. Agar strategi komunikasi yang diterapkan dapat berjalan dengan baik, maka orang tua perlu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuannya baik dengan melalui bacaan-bacaan maupun dengan melalui diskusi antara suami dengan isteri sehingga dapat dipilih cara yang tepat dan melakukan komunikasi.
Formalisasi Pemakaian Jilbab Di Institut Agama Islam Muhammadiyah Sinjai
Authors: Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: September 2020

Kajian tentang formalisasi pemakaian jilbab (suatu analisis paedagogis) yang bertujuan untuk menelaah dan mengetahui konsep kewajiban menutup aurat dan persepsi mahasiswi IAIM Sinjai tentang kewajiban memakai jilbab melalui tekhnik interviw, observasi dan angket. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode induktif, deduktif dan komparatif. Kewajiban memakai jilbab dikalangan mahasiswi di saat mengikuti perkuli memberikan dua sudut pandang yang berbeda dikalangan mahasiswi IAI Muhammadiyah Sinjai. Kelompok pertama adalah mahasiswi yang menyadari bahwa penggunaan jilbab merupakan kewajiban yang telah ditetapkan oleh syariat. Kedua adalah mahasisiwi menganggap sebagai kewajiban yang diterapkan dalam kampus sebagai kampus yang islmi, sehingga setiap mahasiswi wajib menggunakan jilbab ketika berada dalam kampus. Persepsi kedua diatas dapat dideskripsikan bahwa terdapat beberapa di antara mahasiswi yang tidak memakai jilbab ketika sudah berada di luar kampus yang tentunya sangat kontraks dengan pemahaman kelompok mahasiswi yang pertama.
Audiovisual translation in China: A dialogue between Yves Gambier and Haina Jin
Authors: Yves Gambier , Jin Haina
Published: September 2020

This dialogue was conducted between Yves Gambier and Haina Jin in April and November 2017, and April 2018 in Beijing, China, in order to give a panoramic view of audiovisual translation in China today, the history of which dates back to the silent film era. Audiovisual translation has played an important role in cross-cultural communication, industrial development and social integration in China. Vibrant audiovisual translation activities can be seen in three main directions: translating foreign audiovisual products into Chinese, translating Chinese audiovisual products into foreign languages and audiovisual translation into ethnic minority languages in China. In this dialogue, the three main translation directions, the status of translators, the role of associations, standards, education and training, as well as further development of audiovisual translation in China will be discussed.
Feasibility, Quality and Assessment of Interlingual Live Subtitling
Authors: Dawson Hayley
Published: September 2020

Intralingual respeaking has been widely practiced since 2001 (Romero-Fresco, 2011), however, interlingual respeaking (from one language into another) is yet to take off. As a hybrid form of subtitling and interpreting, interlingual respeaking calls upon skills used in both professions. To transform this mode of audiovisual translation (AVT) within Media Accessibility (MA), a programme must be created to train future interlingual live subtitlers (ILSers). This paper presents the results of the first ever study on interlingual live subtitling (ILS), in which 10 participants interlingually respoke three short videos using a language combination of English and Spanish. The main areas of research in this project are feasibility, quality and training. Before expanding training in this area, ILS must be deemed feasible and an effective method of assessment must be in place to determine its quality. The average accuracy rate of the study is 97.17%, with the highest accuracy rate reaching the 98% threshold with 98.33%. The initial results point to ILS as feasible providing a training programme is put in place to build upon existing task-specific skills and develop new ones to ensure interlingual live subtitles of good quality are produced.
The Challenges of Online Learning in Listening Class During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Susilowati Rini
Published: September 2020

Covid-19 pandemic has changed many aspects in human life worldwide. Some aspects such economy, social, politic, and education have been impacted by this pandemic. Education is one of crucial aspects that should be concerned. Learning activity has been conducting for several months not through face to face meeting but through online learning and other forms of learning. Some challenges appeared because online learning having some obstacles including in language learning activity of EFL class. This article tries to elaborates some challenges in conducting online learning in listening class at university level. The first challenge is related to the choosing of suitable technological devices, system and application used during the class. The second challenge is the packaging of material delivered so that it will be simplified but not to decrease the quality level of the material. The third challenge is the application of effective method and strategy suit to online learning in listening class. Besides the challenges which are discussed, the solution upon the challenges will be elaborated also in this article.
STRATEGIC PLANNING AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT STYLES IN ORGANIZATIONS: A REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Authors: JOHN-EKE Ebere Chika , EKE John Kalu
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This study examined the influence of strategic planning and crisis management style in an organization.Methodology: The approach adopted is theoretical because it was assessed based on extant literature.Findings: The result of the findings revealed that strategic planning enhances management of crisis. Also, any crisis management style applied at a given catastrophe will determine if the destruction will be minor or major disaster. Lastly, organization that employs strategic approach to crisis management style will be pro-active in managing crisis.Recommendation: for any organization to seal through crisis with minimal loss, they should incorporate strategic approach to crisis management and also put in place strategic/crisis management team that will be able to manage crisis within the shortest period of time. Finally, employees should be trained and retained on the positive and negative effect of crisis; they should also be sensitized on how to adapt to changing circumstances that might occur before, during and after crisis.
DETERMINANTS OF GREEN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HOTELS IN KISUMU CITY, KENYA - A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Murimi Michael
Published: September 2020

Purpose: This conceptual paper aims at developing theoretical framework for determinants of green management practices in hotels.Methodology: In order to come up with this theoretical framework, the researcher assumes a process of two phases the first stage will involve an explicit examination green management practices literature and what determines such practices in hotels. The succeeding stage was enhancements of the framework. The theoretical structure relies on the past theoretical explanations and empirical analyses in the fields green management and social sciences. Slack’s resource theory and good management competitive theory informs this theoretical framework, the researchers clarify the justification for use of the two theories.Findings: The researcher highlights by what method this reviewed theoretical framework may well be utilized to organize green management practices and its determinants in hotels especially in Kenya. Lastly, the researcher advances propositions that give foundations for empirical study to be carried out in the future.Contribution to theory, practice and policy: Assimilating experiences from numerous disciplines, this paper emphasizes aggregated awareness regarding conceptualization of green management practices in hotels. This work inspires scholars and specialists to understand determinants of green management practices in hotels in Kenya.
MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES AND DOWNWARD ACCOUNTABILITY OF RELIEF AID ORGANISATIONS IN WESTERN UGANDA
Authors: Aryatwijuka Wilbroad , Kamukama Nixon , Frederick Nsambu Kijjambu , Rukundo Aloysius
Published: September 2020

The Purpose: The paper presents the effect of managerial competencies on downward accountability of relief aid organisations in western Uganda.  Methodology: This was a cross-sectional survey and correlational study. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were employed and a questionnaire used to collect data from 105 out of 150 relief aid organisations operating in western Uganda. Data analysis was conducted using zero order correlation and hierarchical regression aided by SPSSv22. The unit of inquiry were the staff of the relief aid organisations involved in relief supplies.  Findings: The results of the study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between managerial competencies and downward accountability.  Unique contribution to practice and policy: This study will provide an understanding of the relationship between managerial competencies and downward accountability among relief aid organisations in western Uganda. For relief aid organisations in western Uganda to improve on downward accountability, they need to recruit staff with professional, social and personal competencies so as to ensure downward accountability.   Research Limitation:  The study did not examine the influence of other factors such as the operational environment and donor requirements, on downward accountability but solely concentrates on managerial competencies. Additionally, this was a cross sectional study yet relief operations change over and this could have yielded different findings. Originality/value: The current study focuses on the humanitarian downward accountability in the context of a developing country and more so in the downstream of the supply chain
Pengetahuan Perempuan Terhadap Kontrasepsi: Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Yunitasari Eva , Suri Susi Irma
Published: September 2020

Program Family Planning , according to WHO (World Health Organization ) in and wife to. avoid births were unwanted , and regulat the distribution of birth,as children in the family. And Many women were difficulties in determining contraception because of  ignorance about the requirements and safety contraception is There are several things that can affect some mothers in selecting a tool of contracepion  were excluded by level of education, economy, rates of service, approval pasangaan , opinions and knowledge. There are several things that can affect some mothers in selecting a tool of contracepion  were excluded by level ofeducation ,economy, rates of service, approval pasangaan , opinions and knowledge. This study aims to examine the results various studies from several journals about maternal knowledge about contraception. The method of research it is Literature Review . the journal used for the literature review last five years 2015-2020. This research was conducted on June 22, 2012 in Gunung Tiga Village, East Lampung Regency. Design studies are taken in search scientific. This is Mixmethos Subjects in this study were post partum mothers. From the study of literature review be in seen in mothers who are knowledgeable, education as well as the mother's attitude then it is  rational mother in using the tool of contraception. compared with someonewho studies less then people are going to be difficult to digest and accept  the information that he obtained . In a literature review on 10 journal is  that discusses about the knowledge of mothers with contraception can not it results that there is a relationship between knowledge, education and  attitude and family support to mothers who use contraception. Can develop this research in the family nursing phase in the village by increasing health services in providing counseling or providing information on  more effective contraception.
The Internet, Social Media Gagging and Participatory Democracy in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Adegoke Damilola
Published: September 2020

Governments across the globe seek opportunities at regular intervals to exercise state-power and control over aspects of society. This is not limited to dictatorships and centralized party states alone; the beginning of the internet age saw the conflicts over who has rights over the control of the internets. A typical example is the case between the French governments and Yahoo over the former’s request for Yahoo to ban Nazi’s memorabilia merchant sites from French cyberspace. The judicial decision favours the position of the French government thereby setting precedence for internet governance.[1]It is one of the defining moments for the status of internet governance and cyber territoriality. Who has a right over the internet? Should states law be allowed to determine behaviours online? Who is to exercise juridical power in case of infractions? These questions have been addressed at different for a with the odds favouring states for obvious reasons; part of which include the fact that infrastructure for the transmission and distribution of internet access are domiciled in states and these provide opportunities for governments to wield their power against Internet Service Providers who might want to exercise independent agencies. Countries in the Horn of Africa are text-book cases of government seeking absolute censorship of citizens’ communication thereby infringing upon the rights of freedom of expression. This practice of leadership section discusses social media gagging and participatory democracy in the Horn of Africa.   [1]Jack Goldsmith  and Tim Wu, Who controls the Internet?: Illusions of a Borderless World(New York: Oxford University Press, 2008), 3-6.
Towards Re-conceptualising Leadership for Sustainable Peace
Authors: Olonisakin 'Funmi
Published: September 2020

This article is motivated in part by the need to respond to the classical peacebuilding dilemma of ‘conflict relapse’. It finds that international peacebuilding efforts rely overwhelmingly on person and position-based leadership perspectives, which provide mixed results at best. It argues that a process-based approach to leadership, rather than one that narrowly focuses only on particular personalities or individuals in formal positions of authority, offers a potential for peaceful solutions that are the product of interaction between those offering peace ideas and the whole of the affected society in response to their common situation. The paper thus proposes a framework for analysis and action in pursuit of sustainable peace. Questions that go to the heart of efforts to study and navigate a path to stable peace in a given situation should be systematically framed to take the following five things into account: the predominant situation; the degree of mutuality; the domains and societal levels in which emergent leadership is occurring to build a shared response to the situation; the quality of the leadership process – how influence is being exchanged between leaders and followers across domains and levels; and the degree of leadership effectiveness and movement toward peace or a return to conflict. This provides opportunities for peacemakers to pursue an inclusive, all-encompassing peace that can be sustained, not least because it concentrates attention on mutually held goals by people of the target society and their leaders.
Protest in Ethiopia: Examining Process-Based Leadership as a Way Forward
Authors: Abebe Zekarias
Published: September 2020

Ethiopia has been plunged into one of the worst crises in the recent history of the country with waves of protest and violence erupting in some parts of the country since 2014. The announcement of a draft integrated developmental plan for Addis Ababa and neighbouring towns and villages of Oromia regional state, referred to as the ‘master plan’, sparked protest in April 2014 that engulfed many towns and cities of Oromia - the largest among the nine regional states formed along ethno-lingual basis.[1]Another wave of protest erupted again around mid-November 2015, this time with a far more political repercussion. Protest, which came to be known as the ‘Oromo protest’, erupted across the Oromia region and continues to reverberate to this date despite the heavy-crackdown by the government. The episode raised eyebrows among many scholars and politicians to comprehend what went wrong with the country that received wide accolades for its impressive economic growth. This commentary will unpack the discontents that precipitated the protest and suggest the way forward. The commentary argues that implementation of national developmental policy has caused discontent and disenfranchisement among the wider public; and underpinning national development policies with the ideals of process-based leadership would mitigate the discontents and offer sustainable, peaceful development.   [1]Ethiopia has been restructured along with ethnic federalism since the advent of the incumbent ruling party, Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front, since 1991.
Comparative Analysis of EU and Kenyan Responses to Somali Piracy: A Leadership Perspective
Authors: Murday Linganaden
Published: September 2020

This article uses a leadership as process framework to examine the degree of mutuality that existed between EU and Kenyan responses to Somali piracy between roughly 2008 and 2012. In so doing, it seeks to comprehend whether regional and extra-regional actors had similar experiences of and responses to the situation. This is important because the voices of regional actors are largely marginalised and implicitly subsumed to those of more powerful global actors. This article focuses on the EU (as an extra- regional actor) and Kenya (as a regional actor). It undertakes an analysis of official and non-official documents available in the public domain to understand the interactions and exchanges of influence that underpinned the crafting and implementation of counter piracy measures. Overall, the article concludes that the EU and Kenya had different experiences of the piracy threats which then led to them each having different sets of priorities. On paper there seems to be mutuality between the EU and Kenya concerning the naval response: the need to solve the problem on land in Somalia and capacity building in the region. However, an analysis of interactions surrounding their counterpiracy measures reveals a more complex picture of discords. This article shows that, in fact, there was a low degree of mutuality between EU and Kenya in their responses to Somali piracy which hindered the formation of a strong common response incorporating regional and extra-regional actors.
Developmental State and Ethnic Federalism in Ethiopia:
Authors: Abebe Zekarias Beshah
Published: September 2020

The ethnic federalization of the post-1991 Ethiopia and the subsequent adoption of developmental state paradigm are the two most important pillars for the country’s political and economic restructuring. An interventionist developmental state model is opted for against the dominant narrative of the non-interventionist neo-liberal approach as the right path to conquer poverty: a source of national humiliation. On the other hand, ethnically federated Ethiopia is considered as an antidote to the historical pervasive mismanagement of the ethno-linguistic and cultural diversity of the polity. The presence of these seemingly paradoxical state models in Ethiopia makes it a captivating case study for analysis. Ethiopia’s experiment of pursuing a developmental state in a decentralized form of governance not only deviates from the prevalent pattern but also is perceived to be inherently incompatible due to the competing approaches that characterize the two systems. This article argues that the way in which the developmental state is being practiced in Ethiopia is eroding the values and the very purposes of ethnic federalism. Its centralized, elitist and authoritarian nature, which are the hallmark of the Ethiopian developmental state, defeats the positive strides that ethnic federalism aspires to achieve, thereby causing discontent and disenfranchisement among a swathe of the society. The article posits that the developmental state can and should be reinvented in a manner that goes in harmony with the ideals of ethnic federalism. The notion of process-based leadership remains one way of reinventing the Ethiopian developmental state model.
Mutuality on a spectrum: Ownership and Buy-In
Authors: Cornell Michael Anthony
Published: September 2020

Mutuality in leadership is the intangible element that connects leaders and followers together. Mutuality produces lasting results from the relationship of shared goals between leader and follower. However, there are degrees of mutuality that will dictate the type and longevity of a result. Buy-in and ownership are two degrees of mutuality that need dissection in order to understand the link between leaders and followers. Buy-in and ownership are often used interchangeably, but the application of each in relationship to mutuality differ significantly.
The Leadership of Ilhan Omar - Representing voices of refugees
Authors: Dahir Habiba
Published: September 2020

A week after his presidency began in 2017, Donald Trump passed an Executive Order travel ban which became more widely known as the Muslim Ban[1]. The Travel Ban is an executive order that prohibits seven Muslim-majority countries from entering into the United States. The Executive order was a policy delivered on the back of Trump’s Campaign trail rhetoric, being based on religious biasness, and racial and discriminatory migration policies that targeted refugees and immigrants. Three of the Muslim states listed in the ban are in Africa: Somalia, Libya and Sudan. The ban had immense impacts on Muslim communities by separating families and refugees depicted as a security threat.[2] As a result of this policy and accompanied negative political rhetoric, refugees have been left feeling marginalised and discriminated against.

 

[1] Ayoub, A. and Beydoun, K. (2016), ‘Executive disorder: The Muslim Ban, emergency advocacy, and the fires next time,’ Michigan Journal of Race and Law, 22, p.215

[2] Ibid
Tinjauan Islam terhadap Mekanisme Pasar dan Penanganan Distorsinya
Authors: Wulandari Cahya , Zulqah Koiriyah Azzahra
Published: September 2020

Pasar yang merupakan pertemuan antara permintaan dan penawaran harus berlangsung secara adil. Islam melarang tindakan-tindakan yang dapat menzalimi dan merugikan orang lain. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji prinsip-prinsip Islam yang harus diterapkan dalam mekanisme pasar, sehingga terjadi pasar yang sehat dan adil, serta memberikan maslahat bagi semua pihak. Selain itu, kajian ini juga akan menganalisis tindakan-tindakan terlarang yang dapat mendistorsi pasar. Kajian ditulis dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan menjabarkan berbagai teori dari beberapa literatur. Kajian ini menggarisbawahi bahwa pasar dalam sistem Ekonomi Islam harus menjaga nilai-nilai kejujuran dan keadilan. Selain itu, pihak-pihak yang terlibat di dalam pasar agar menghindari praktik-praktik yang dapat merusak mekanisme pasar, sehingga merugikan orang lain. Beberapa bentuk tindakan yang dilarang Islam dalam mekanisme pasar antara lain ihtikar atau penimbunan barang untuk menaikkan harga barang di pasar, bai najasy yang merupakan praktik jual beli terlarang, taghrir dalam bentuk ketidakjelasan harga ataupun kualitas dan kuantitas barang yang diperdagangkan, dan tadlis yang merupakan praktik penipuan. Kajian ini merekomendasikan agar Pemerintah menetapkan ketentuan-ketentuan agar pasar yang berlangsung di masyarakat berjalan secara adil tanpa adanya pihak yang dirugikan.
Tinjauan Hutang Negara dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Alamsyah Malikul Hafiz , Ramadhani Fani , Azizah Nur
Published: September 2020

Saat ini hampir seluruh negara menggunakan hutang sebagai salah satu sumber pembiayaan pembangunan. Terlebih bagi negara-negara berkembang, hutang menjadi instrumen pembiayaan yang cukup penting. Di dalam Islam, konsep hutang dijabarkan dalam bentuk pinjaman, namun dengan batasan tidak adanya unsur tambahan yang akan membawa kepada praktik ribawi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep hutang dalam sistem ekonomi Islam yang dipraktekkan oleh beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia. Kajian ini juga mengkaji penerapan prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam terkait praktik hutang yang terbebas dari praktik ribawi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menjabarkan teori-teori terkait hutang serta tinjauan Islam terhadap hutan. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Islam tidak melarang transaksi hutang, baik dalam hal praktik individu, maupun praktik dalam bernegara. Namun demikian, praktik hutang tersebut harus tetap mengacu kepada mekanisme akad yang sesuai dengan norma dan nilai Islam. Sehingga hutang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu instrumen pembiayaan dalam pembangunan negara untuk menargetkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Sehingga diharapkan kebijakan hutang yang diterapkan oleh negara berorientasi pada kesejahteraan masyarakat secara umum.
PENERAPAN METODE BEST FIRST SEARCH PADA PERMAINAN TIC TAC TOE
Authors: Hutahaean Harvei Desmon
Published: September 2020

encarian adalah proses pencarian solusi di dalam suatu permasalahan sampai solusi atau tujuan ditemukan, atau pergerakan di state-space untuk mencari lintasan dari initial-state ke goal-state. Dalam sebuah permainan TIC TAC Toe proses pencarian ruang keadaan tidak cukup untuk mengotomasikan tingkah laku pemecahan masalah, pada setiap situasi tersebut hanya terdapat sejumlah pilihan langkah yang terbatas yang boleh dilakukan oleh seorang pemain. Masalah-masalah yang akan dihadapi dapat dipecahkan dengan melakukan pencarian (search) dari antara pilihan-pilihan yang ada, terdukung oleh pandangan cara penyelesaian yang biasa dilakukan. Best First Serach bekerja dengan cara melakukan pencarian pada sebuah Graf Berarah yang setiap simpulnya menggambarkan sebuah titik di dalam suatu ruang problema.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN DALAM PENENTUAN JABATAN KAPOLRES DI JAJARAN KEPOLISIAN DAERAH SUMATERA UTARA (POLDA SUMUT)DENGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHT (SAW)
Authors: Sagala Jijon Raphita
Published: September 2020

Office in policing in the functions of Office, started after the Organization carry out the withdrawal and selection, that is, at the moment a prospective member of the police force was declared acceptable and ready to be placed on the Office or work unit in accordance with the educational unit.But it turns out thatthe problem is not that simple, because it is precisely the success of the overall program of the election office is located on the accuracy in placing personnel concerned.The placement process is a process that is crucial in getting the competent Office is required, because the proper placement will be able to help companies or agencies in achieving the expected objectives. With the method of Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) can assist decision makers in selecting prospective Kapolres who really fit the criteria required by police agencies.So with this system of North Sumatra Police can minimize errors caused by the performance of the Police Personnel, that is, by the way puts personnel at the position or field in accordance with its ability.
PEMBUATAN GAME BERBASIS PEMBELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN RPG MAKER MV
Authors: Wahyuni Sri Ngudi , Andiyoko Cia
Published: September 2020

The RPG game is one of the games are in great demand by the public because they are able to sharpen their right brain. One method used in game development is GDLC which consists of 6 phases, where each phase is arranged systematically. The aimed of this study is how to develop RPG maker game based learning for children cognitive. The analysis method is used SWOT analysis and testing method used ? and ? testing methods on 36 respondents who were taken by random and the response rate was 99.8%. The testing instrument used a questionnaire with testing parameters (1) Design consisting of music, sound, and color (2) Moral Message (3) Storyline. The test of results were 42.5% of respondents said that the development design was considered good, 44.3% of respondents said the game had a good storyline, and 56.3% of respondents stated that the Rise of the Zokai Clan game using RPG Maker MV had a good moral message.
Decision Support Systems Selection Of The Best Teachers With The Composite Performance Index Method Approach
Authors: Pandiangan Henri
Published: September 2020

The development of Information Technology has a huge impact on various aspects of life, ranging from government, administration, economics, and education. Regarding the issue of education in particular, the use of information technology will bring very good changes in the education system that will be developed to be delivered. With the existence of computer technology as a support in the transmission of data and information has become the needs of all humans, so that information information needed can be obtained quickly and accurately. In fact, one of the most important factors in the problem of information technology is network problems or media access that become a bridge between learning resources and those involved in the learning process. The Teacher Performance Assessment process in the Composite Performance index (CPI) method is very good in developing the level of knowledge in ordinary people, so that the utilization of information technology can be maximally useful at every level of society.
Controlling Unmanned Surface Vehicle Using MQTT Protocol
Authors: Atmoko Rachmad Andri , Yang Daoguo , Alfiani M Yayan , Subiyanto Lilik
Published: September 2020

Abstract- The communication system at USV is the most important part of ensuring that the USV control system runs well. Communication systems that are commonly used at USV are generally still local networks. The development of a wider range of communications is needed to improve USV scalability so that the benefits can be increased to support the concept of remote laboratory and remote surveillance. USV is generally controlled using a wireless network with a limited work area using WIFI or using another electromagnetic waves transmission. This research proposes the development control and monitoring systems of USV to be controlled over the Internet by using the message queuing telemetry transport(MQTT) Protocol. This idea makes the USV can be controlled remotely, no longer have to operate it in the field. The control speed response of rudder and motor are analyzed. Performance monitoring of the compass sensor, GPS, and cameras also showed good results. As a result, the average delay time generated is 1.6 second.
Application of C4.5 Algorithm for Simulation of Prediction of Victory in Acceptance of Several Prospective Employees
Authors: Marpaung Preddy
Published: September 2020

Employees as individual who work for employer, Based on agreement and work agrements both written and unwritten, to carry out a job in a certainposition or activityby obtaining compensation paid based on a certain period, Job adjustments or other Provisions applied by the employer. Including individuals who do woork in public office,and it can be assumed that employeses are all residents who can do work and get a salary every mount, Both at school and company and school also require several new employees who will be placed as teachers in the field of sport. Therefore we need method or method to indentify prospective new employees in the field of sport at school. This was done to get the creteria needed by the school. C4.5 Algorithm can be used to make predictions or clafication of prospective new employees who want to join ABC school using the concept of entropy and gain.
Penerapan Data Mining Dalam Clustering Produksi Daging Sapi Di Indonesia Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
Authors: Pandiangan Henri
Published: September 2020

Cows are animals that are found in Indonesia, cattle provide many benefits for humans ranging from milk that is rich in nutrients to meat as a source of high animal protein for humans. Beef production in Indonesia is not sufficient to meet domestic needs, so the government needs to ask for other meat and most still need beef to meet the daily protein needs of the community. The discussion of this study about the Application of Data Mining in the Cluster of Beef Production in Indonesia Using the K-Means Algorithm. The data source of this study was collected based on documents about beef production produced by the National Statistics Agency. The data used in this study are data from 2009-2016 consisting of 34 provinces. This study clustered in 3 groups, namely medium and low. The results of this study were 9 provinces included in the high group, 3 provinces included in the middle group and 22 provinces entered the low group.
Application of SMART Methods (Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique) In the Decision Support System for the Provision of People's Business Loans At Bank Sumut (Case Study: KCP Pasar Martubung)
Authors: Romindo Romindo , Hardianti Siti
Published: September 2020

Bank SUMUT KCP Pasar Martubung in the provision of People's Business Credit (KUR) and the subject of this research is the People's Business Credit Account (KUR), which amounts to one person. The high interest of the community in obtaining KUR made it difficult for Bank SUMUT to determine who was entitled to receive KUR. In the process of determining the eligibility of previous KUR recipients, the method of comparison between monthly income and monthly needs is still using the manual method. This method is considered to be still simple, this is due to dependence on one indicator that causes bad credit. To overcome this problem, a decision support system is needed with the SMART Multi Attribute Ranking Technique which can assist in the provision of KUR to the community that meets the criteria in the provision of KUR
Decision Support System Selection of Best Employee At PT. Intiberkah Sinar Sejahtera Using Simple Additive weighting MethodDecision Support System Selection of Best Employee At PT. Intiberkah Sinar Sejahtera Using Simple Additive weighting Method
Authors: Sahputra Feri , Sianturi Fricles Ariwisanto
Published: September 2020

The problem of PT. Sinar Sejahtera Intiberkah are still many employees of PT. Intiberkah Sinar Sejahtera especially the logistics employees who are critical to the company that should be worthy to obtain as the best employees but until now there has been no employees at the logistics become the best employee in the company of PT. Sinar Sejahtera Intiberkah tersebut.Oleh Therefore, in this study used a decision support system that can be used to help the PT. Intiberkah Sinar Sejahtera in determining the eligible employees in the selection of the best employees, there are four criteria taken in these elections is the first no ethical criteria, these criteria related to attitudes and ways of speaking with courtesy to superiors.