bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Austeridade fiscal como política de financiamento da educação: O caso do município de Curitiba-PR entre 2017 e 2019
Authors: Silva Marcus Quintanilha da
Published: May 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi de compreender os possíveis fatores que justificaram a adoção da austeridade fiscal no financiamento da educação pública do município de Curitiba-PR entre 2017 e 2019, bem como seus efeitos na execução orçamentária. Em uma abordagem qualitativa, propôs-se a construção da natureza do caso partindo do pressuposto de que, se o ente federado municipal é um espaço dotado de uma relativa autonomia federativa na alocação de recursos, há disputa política pelo fundo público, mas que, por se tratar de um debate da macroeconomia, houve a necessidade de considerar as singularidades locais. No caso analisado, austeridade foi adotada como política de gestão fiscal, a redução de investimento em educação não se apoiou na justificativa usual da sua escolha, a crise econômica no âmbito do ente federado, mas reverberou na perda de espaço da educação na execução orçamentária, apoiada em ações públicas que, a partir do corte orçamentário, teve como consequência o definhamento de direitos dos trabalhadores da educação. O contexto político nacional no período de análise do caso, a ideologia político partidária e os pretensos interesses dos segmentos locais foram contextualizados como hipóteses explicativas para a análise do caso.
A survey of Muscovy duck production in rural areas of Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam
Authors: Linh N. T. , Dong N. T. K. , Thu N. V.
Published: May 2022

In case of livestock development in the rural areas of Tra Vinh province of Vietnam, Muscovy duck breeds are diversified by importing and breeding, which is more valuable for social and economic benefits. A total of 7,921 Muscovy ducks were observed to collect data for this survey to identify the current status of its production, feeding, and performance. Farmers, who owned at least 30 ducks, were interviewed to analyze data ownership, feeding, and growth performance of three breeds relating to the Muscovy including local Muscovy ducks (LMDs), France Muscovy duck (FMDs), and Crossbred Muscovy ducks (CMDs). The findings indicated that most farmers kept a small duck herd of fewer than 100 heads per householder, and the majority of Muscovy duck was LMDs. Farmers fed them local feed resources, with low nutritive diets (CP: 7.35 – 12.0 % and ME: 11.44 - 11.83 MJ/kg DM). A small number of farmers used a concentrate feed (CP: 16.5-19.3; ME: 11.96-12.69 MJ/kg DM) for supple-mentation with the daily weight gain was 16.7 g for LMDs and 22.7 g for CMDs, whilw the FMDs was fed a better quality of concentrate and gave the daily gain of 25.7 g.
A comparison of the faecal haemoglobin concentrations and diagnostic accuracy in patients suspected with colorectal cancer and serious bowel disease as reported on four different faecal immunochemical test systems
Authors: Benton Sally C. , Piggott Carolyn , Zahoor Zahida , O’Driscoll Shane , Fraser Callum G. , D’Souza Nigel , Chen Michelle , Georgiou Delisle Theo , Abulafi Muti
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Faecal immunochemical tests for haemoglobin (FIT) are used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes and to triage patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of CRC for further bowel investigations. There are a number of quantitative FIT analytical systems available. Currently, there is no harmonisation or standardisation of FIT methods. The aim of the study was to assess the comparability of numerical faecal haemoglobin concentrations (f-Hb) obtained with four quantitative FIT systems and the diagnostic accuracy at different f-Hb thresholds.

Methods

A subgroup of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) FIT study, a multicentre, prospective diagnostic accuracy study were sent four FIT specimen collection devices from four different FIT systems or two FIT devices for one FIT system. Faecal samples were examined and analysis of results carried out to assess difference between methods at thresholds of limit of detection (LoD), 10 µg haemoglobin/g faeces (µg/g) and 100 μg/g.

Results

233 patients returned specimen collection devices for examination on four different systems; 189 patients returned two FIT kits for one system. At a threshold of 100 μg/g the sensitivity is the same for all methods. At lower thresholds of LoD and 10 μg/g differences were observed between systems in terms of patients who would be referred and diagnostic accuracies.

Conclusions

The lack of standardisation or harmonisation of FIT means that differences are observed in f-Hb generated on different systems. Further work is required to understand the clinical impact of these differences and to minimise them.
„Auf dass wieder Ruhe und Ordnung herrscht“ Proklamationen im deutschen Feldzug gegen die OvaHerero (1904/05)
Authors: Häussler Matthias
Published: May 2022

Kommt die Rede auf Proklamationen in „Deutsch-Südwestafrika“, denkt man unweigerlich an den berüchtigten „Aufruf an das Volk der Herero“ des Generalleutnants Lothar von Trotha vom 3. Oktober 1904, der als zentrales Dokument des ersten Genozids des 20. Jahrhunderts gilt. Es fällt in der Tat schwer, sich der Suggestivkraft seiner martialischen wie menschenverachtenden Worte zu entziehen, und zwar umso mehr, wenn man auf die Folgen blickt, die sie über ihre Adressaten, die OvaHerero, bringen sollten. Doch so singulär dieses Dokument in dieser Perspektive auch erscheinen mag, handelte sich dabei um eine eingeschliffene Textform, zu der auch andere militärische wie zivile Spitzenfunktionäre in „Deutsch-Südwestafrika“ vor und nach Trotha griffen. Rückt man Trothas „Aufruf“ in diese Abfolge, kontextualisiert und analysiert ihn, wird deutlich, dass er ursprünglich etwas anderes als ein Dokument des Genozids war, nämlich eine Textform, die über „Deutsch-Südwestafrika“ hinaus für beginnende, despotische Herrschaft typisch ist.
Chilenische Reaktionen auf die Colonia Dignidad vor dem Militärputsch
Authors: Kandler Philipp , Rinke Stefan
Published: May 2022

Die Sektensiedlung „Colonia Dignidad“ beschäftigt die deutsche und chilenische Öffentlichkeit seit fast 60 Jahren. Eine wissenschaftliche Beschäftigung mit dem Thema steht allerdings noch am Anfang. Anhand unveröffentlichter Archivquellen analysiert dieser Artikel den ersten großen Skandal um die Sekte 1966–1968, in dem auch die Deutsche Botschaft in Santiago eine Rolle spielte. In Chile erregte dieser Skandal große öffentliche Aufmerksamkeit und führte zu staatlichen Untersuchungen. Zu einer Sanktionierung der Sekte kam es nicht. Eine Analyse der unterschiedlichen Untersuchungen, der Presseberichterstattung, der Gegenstrategien der Colonia Dignidad und des bisher wenig berücksichtigten politischen Kontexts in Chile ermöglicht es, verschiedene Faktoren zu identifizieren, die es dieser privaten Organisation ermöglichten, ein staatliches Durchgreifen abzuwehren.
Forecasting technical performance and cost estimation of designed rim wheels based on variations of geometrical parameters
Authors: Prabowo Aditya Rio , Sanjaya Yuwana , Imaduddin Fitrian
Published: May 2022

Rim wheel testing through the SAE standard is necessary for driving safety. This study focused on rim wheel tests carried out using the dynamic radial fatigue test method, which has been included in the SAE standard using Fusion360 for the design and ANSYS for the simulation. With different parameters for the rim wheel type, only some parameters of the tested rim wheels were able to pass the standardization by SAE; 16 rim wheels passed the test, while the other 11 rim wheels did not pass. Simulation results suggested that variations in the thickness, geometry, and material affected the displacement of the safety factor, which was inversely proportional. In addition, the variation in the rim wheel produced a change in the safety factor due to changes in its mass and cost, which were directly proportional. The results of this study will aid in rim wheel design, not only in terms of achieving the best performance but also with regard to cost efficiency.
On FrenchEst-ce queYes/No Questions and Related Constructions
Authors: Pollock Jean-Yves
Published: May 2022

In addition to the Qu-est-ce que questions in (1) which, as their translations indicate, are mono-clausal despite their bi-clausal form, French has yes/no questions such as (2) in which the est-ce que sequence shows up again.

(1)

a.Où est-ce qu’il est parti? ‘Where is ce that he is gone?’ = Where did he go?

b.Qu’est-ce qu’il fait? ‘Que is ce that he does ?’ = What is he doing?

(2)

a.Est-ce qu’il est parti? ‘Is ce that he is gone?’ = Has he gone?

b.Est-ce qu’il fait beau? ‘Is ce that it is nice?’ = Is the weather nice?

(2) are also ‘ordinary’ polar questions. Since French seems to be unique in the Romance domain in accepting the Qu-questions in (1) and the polar questions in (2) it is tempting to suggest that a proper analysis of the former should also shed light on the latter. This article will verify whether thisa prioridesirable generalisation is valid. As a first step, it will look at the analysis of Est-ce que as an interrogative head ESK merged in the CP domain suggested by Cheng and Rooryck (2000.Licensing WH-in situ. Syntax 3.1. April 2000, 3–19.) which expresses it in its strongest possible form: Est-ce que yes/no questions like (2) would seem to only differ from their Qu-counterparts in missing the Qu-element. The article will show that their ESK proposal should be challenged empirically and theoretically in sections 2, 3 and 4. It will investigate Est-ce que polar questions and related constructions in detail in section 5 and will show in 6 that they do indeed share one crucial property with qu’est-ce que questions, although the generalisation it arrives at in section 7 substantially differs from Cheng & Rooryck’s proposal.
Organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz im Schulsetting
Authors: Kirchhoff Sandra , Schulenkorf Tessa , Okan Orkan
Published: May 2022

Das GeKoOrg-Schule Konzept beschreibt in acht Standards die organisationale Gesundheitskompetenz von Schulen. Die Standards greifen Gestaltungsbereiche der Schulorganisation zur Optimierung und damit zur nachhaltigen Stärkung von Gesundheitskompetenz auf. Das umfassende Konzept setzt auf Veränderungen in der Schule durch Maßnahmen auf Verhaltens- und Verhältnisebene. Mithilfe des Konzepts können sich Schulen zu gesundheitskompetenten Schulen weiterentwickeln und den Ist-Stand der Umsetzung erfassen.
Gesundheitskompetenzen bei Erwerbslosen – Wie kann Gesundheitskompetenz zur Bewältigung von Erwerbslosigkeit beitragen?
Authors: Mayer Dennis , Hollederer Alfons
Published: May 2022

Erwerbslosigkeit geht mit einer Beeinträchtigung der Gesundheit einher. Eine hohe Gesundheitskompetenz bei Erwerbslosen könnte zum Erhalt ihrer Gesundheit beitragen. Die Analyse einer Fokusgruppendiskussion im Projekt „JOBS Program Deutschland“ ergab, dass Gesundheitskompetenz mit der Hilfesuche und der Teilnahme an Angeboten der Gesundheitsförderung von Erwerbslosen zusammenhängt. Es besteht weiterer Forschungsbedarf zur Gesundheitskompetenzförderung bei Erwerbslosen.
What is a Worker? Framing People in the Informal Economy as Part of the Trade Union Constituency in Kenya and Tanzania
Authors: Riisgaard Lone
Published: May 2022

This article investigates the ongoing efforts of trade unions in Kenya and Tanzania to enlarge their constituency by reconceptualising the notion of workers to include people in the informal economy. How this process plays out is of immense importance as it challenges established understandings of who a worker is; this in turn poses very difficult questions about rights, representation and the distribution of power both internally in the union movements and in society at large. Based on original interview data, the article unpacks this highly contested and politicised process. The article shows how union efforts reflect different ways of tackling the need to constitute people working informally as workers and union members in order to increase the social base, and thereby increase political clout. However, these processes are juxtaposed with the urge to maintain traditional boundaries and protect established privileges and power structures, both internally in the unions and externally in the fragile compromise inscribed in the existing tripartite structures.
KEYWORDS: informal workers; informal economy; trade unions; Kenya; Tanzania
Identification of N-formylated Peptides with Neutrophilic Chemotactic Activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Dean Kristin , Jung Bockgie , Dornelas-Moreira Josimar , Samten Buka
Published: May 2022

Neutrophil infiltration of the lungs is associated with granuloma formation and the severity of tuberculosis infection. Although several cytokines and chemokines are known to contribute to lung neutrophil infiltration, the neutrophilic chemotactic factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remain unexplored. Therefore, we performed Transwell based chemotactic assays using neutrophils from human peripheral blood and mouse bone marrow to probe the chemotactic activity of the culture filtrates (CF) of Mtb H37Rv. CF of H37Rv induced chemotaxis of both human and mouse neutrophils, and this was also confirmed with CF of 9 clinical isolates and Erdman strain of Mtb with neutrophil chemotactic activity. Sulfasalazine, an N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF) receptor inhibitor, blocked the chemotaxis of neutrophils induced by CF of Mtb, thus indicating the involvement of the fMLF receptor in Mtb CF induced chemotaxis of neutrophils. Mass spectrometry analysis of CF of H37Rv identified three candidate N-formylated heptapeptides. The chemotactic activity of the identified peptides was confirmed with their synthetic mimetics that they induced neutrophil chemotaxis in a manner dependent on N-terminal formylation. For all formylated peptides and CF of Mtb, the induced Ca2+ influx in neutrophils was suppressed by sulfasalazine. Thus, we identified novel formylated Mtb peptides with neutrophil chemotactic activity.
Association between domains of quality of life and patients with Klinefelter syndrome: a systematic review
Authors: Mehmet Brien , Gillard Steve , Jayasena Channa N , Llahana Sofia
Published: May 2022

Objective

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the second-most prevalent chromosomal disorder in men, though late diagnosis is very common and 50–75% of men remain undiagnosed. Evidence suggests that men with KS have impaired quality of life (QoL) but research on how the diagnosis of KS is associated with different QoL domains and what factors influence patients' QoL is limited. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the published evidence on factors that influence QoL in men with KS.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis with narrative synthesis.

Methods

Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Psychinfo, CINAHL, BASE and relevant publication reference lists were searched in January 2021. Eligible studies included randomised control trials, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and epidemiology studies on KS and its effect on QoL and all domains of World Health Organisation (WHO) Quality of Life 100 (WHOQOL-100). Clinical studies with no date restriction published in English were included.

Results

Thematic analysis was completed on 13 studies, with a meta-analysis of intelligence quotient completed on 7 studies. Twelve out of the 13 studies suggested that KS negatively affected the QoL outcomes and KS was associated with impairments in physical, psychological, level independence and social relationship domains of WHOQOL-100. Meta-analysis suggested that men with KS have significantly lower full-scale Intelligence Quotient vs controls (P < 0.00001).

Conclusions

This is the first evidence synthesis of QoL in men with KS. Current evidence suggests that combined physical and psychological impairments affect men with KS who also experience impairments in relationships and independence in society. Further research is needed to identify factors that influence the QoL in men with KS.
Acetabular fractures treatment needs in the elderly and nonagenarians
Authors: Riemenschneider Julia , Vollrath Jan Tilmann , Mühlenfeld Nils , Frank Johannes , Marzi Ingo , Janko Maren
Published: May 2022

Different treatment options for acetabular fractures in the elderly and nonagenarians exist; a consistent guideline has not been established, yet. The purpose of this study is to give an overview of how those fractures can be handled and compares two different surgical treatment methods.

A total of 89 patients ≥ 18 years between 2016 and 2021 with acetabular fractures in our department received a surgical intervention with plate fixation via the Stoppa approach or a total hip arthroplasty with a Burch–Schneider ring and integrated cup. 60 patients ≥ 65 were compared in two groups, 29 patients between 65 and 79 and 31 patients ≥ 80. For comparison, data on operation times, hospitalization, complications during operation and hospital stay, blood loss and postoperative mobilization were collected.

Characteristics could be found for indications for operative osteosynthesis or endoprosthetics based on the X-ray analysis. There was a tendency to treat simple fractures with osteosynthesis. Patients between 65 and 79 with an osteosynthesis had benefits in almost every comparison. Patients ≥ 80 with a plate fixation had advantages in the categories of postoperative complications, blood loss and transfusion of erythrocyte concentrates. Statistical significant differences were noticed in both groups regarding the operation time. Patients between 65 and 79 with osteosynthesis had significant benefits for postoperative complications, hospitalization, number of blood transfusions and postoperative mobilization.

Finding the best supportive treatment option is difficult, and decision-making must respect fracture patterns and individual risk factors. This study shows that plate fixation via the Stoppa approach has some benefits.
Identification of genomic regions distorting population structure inference in diverse continental groups
Authors: Liu Qiuxuan , Wu Degang , Wang Chaolong
Published: May 2022

Background

Inference of population structure is crucial for studies of human evolutionary history and genome‐wide association studies. While several genomic regions have been reported to distort population structure analysis of European populations, no systematic analysis has been performed on non‐European continental groups and with the latest human genome assembly.

Methods

Using the 1000 Genomes Project high coverage whole‐genome sequencing data from four major continental groups (Europe, East Asia, South Asia, and Africa), we developed a statistical framework and systematically detected genomic regions with unusual contributions to the inference of population structure for each of the continental groups.

Results

We identified and characterized 27 unusual genomic regions mapped to GRCh38, including 13 regions around centromeres, 2 with chromosomal inversions, 8 under natural selection, and 4 with unknown causes. Excluding these regions would result in a more interpretable population structure inferred by principal components analysis and ADMIXTURE analysis.

Conclusions

Unusual genomic patterns in certain regions can distort the inference of population structure. Our compiled list of these unusual regions will be useful for many population‐genetic studies, including those from non‐European populations.

Availability

The code to reproduce our results is available at the website of Github (/dwuab/UnRegFinder).
Investigation of the effıciency of pomegranate (punica granatum l.) Peel extract on herpes simplex virus-1
Authors: Dik Irmak , Aslım Hatice Pelin
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada nar kabuğu (Punica granatum L.) ekstraktının in vitro olarak HSV-1 üzerine antiviral etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Antiviral etkinlik değerlendirilmeden önce, nar kabuğu ekstratının saf su ile dilue edilmiş farklı konsantrasyonlarının Vero hücre kültüründe sitotoksik aktivitesi belirlendi. Bu hücre kültüründe 0,87 mg/mL konsantrasyondan daha düşük konsantrasyonlarda sitotoksiteye neden olmadığı tespit edildi. Antiviral etkinlik MTT testi ve mikroskobik analizler sonrasında sitopatojenik etkinin (CPE) varlığıyla belirlendi. Nar kabuğu ekstratının 0,87 mg/mL ila 0,87x2-5mg/mL arasındaki konsantrasyonlarda HSV-1’e karşı önemli bir antiviral etkinliği olduğu belirlendi. Bu etkinin virusun hücreye girişine engel olmasıyla sağlamış olabilir. Nar kabuğu ekstraktının HSV-1’e karşı in vitro olarak antiviral etkinliğe sahip olduğu ve elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda Punica granatum L. ekstratının antiviral etkinliğinin daha detaylı belirlenebilmesi için in vivo denemelere ihtiyaç olduğu düşünüldü. Ayrıca Punica granatum L. Ekstratının Herpes viruslar ve diğer viruslara karşı etkinliğinin detaylı bir şekilde belirlenmesi gelecekte antiviral ilaç denemelerine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Farklı ülkelerden ithal edilen Şarole, Limuzin ve Hereford ırkı sığırların teknik ve ekonomik açıdan karşılaştırılması
Authors: Fidancı Mehmet , Sarıözkan Savaş , İşcan Kaan
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada, Fransa, Macaristan ve Uruguay’dan ithal edilen Şarole, Limuzin ve Hereford ırkı sığırların Türkiye şartlarında besicilik faaliyetlerinin teknik ve ekonomik açıdan karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, besi amacıyla Macaristan, Fransa ve Uruguay’dan ithal edilen 6-7 aylık Şarole, Limuzin ve Hereford ırkı hayvanlara ait teknik ve ekonomik veriler kullanılmıştır. Her bir ülke ve ırktan 30’ar baş olmak üzere toplam 180 hayvan 6 ay süreyle besiye alınan hayvanların verileri incelenmiştir. Başlangıçta ve 30’ar gün arayla tartılarak toplam ve günlük canlı ağırlık artışları (GCAA) ile yemden yararlanma oranı (YYO) hesaplanmış ve performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Ekonomik analizde hayvanların ithal edildiği ülkelere göre ve ırk bazında toplam maliyet, canlı ağırlık artış geliri ve kâr yönünden karşılaştırmaları yapılmıştır. Irk bazında performans (GCAA ve YYO) yönünden herhangi bir fark oluşmazken (p>0.05), ithal edilen ülkelere göre Fransa kökenli Şarole ve Limuzinlerin; Macaristan kökenlilere göre önemli düzeyde daha fazla GCAA sağladığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Ekonomik açıdan ülke ve ırk bazında herhangi bir fark oluşmamıştır (p>0.05). Türkiye şartlarında besi performansı ve karlılık yönünden, incelenen ırklar arasında herhangi bir fark oluşmadığı, ülke düzeyinde yapılan analizlerde ise Fransa kökenli Şarole ve Limuzinlerin; Macaristan kökenlilere göre daha fazla GCAA sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Tek bir tercih yapılacak olursa, öncelikle Fransa kökenli Limuzinlerin tercih edilmesinde teknik ve ekonomik anlamda faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Tecnología de microcintas para antenas, caso de diseño de un dipolo en la banda de 2.4 GHz
Authors: Bermúdez Orozco Héctor Fabio , Gómez Mina Mario Alejandro , Botero Pabón Sebastián
Published: May 2022

Este artículo describe las experiencias en el estudio y desarrollo de un dipolo alimentado centralmente construido bajo la técnica de microstrip para la banda de 2.4GHz. Debido a que existen estudios relacionados con otros dispositivos de microstrip, se ha escogido como objeto de estudio el dipolo para analizar las cualidades y debilidades que posee a través de la construcción de un marco teórico, diseño, implementación y caracterización de sus parámetros. Para ello, se han utilizado herramientas software que utilizan el método de los momentos (MoM) y el modelo de diferencia finita en el dominio del Tiempo (FDTD).
Especificación de requisitos de desempeño en el diagrama de clases
Authors: Serna Sergio , Arango Fernando
Published: May 2022

La especificación de requisitos no funcionales en sistemas software, ha presentado múltiples retos a académicos investigadores interesados en el tema. Las cada vez más crecientes exigencias de los sistemas en atributos catalogados, dentro de los que se denominan requisitos no funcionales, como desempeño, seguridad, escalabilidad, entre otros, ha permitido diversos enfoques a la hora de construir los planos software del sistema deseado por el cliente. Este trabajo se enmarca dentro de la especificación formal de requisitos temporales no funcionales, utilizando el lenguaje de modelado unificado para la construcción de los planos software. El trabajo no trata sobre requisitos funcionales o no funcionales que no están relacionados con tiempo. La especificación se hace sólo sobre diagramas de clase UML, y se apoya en métodos existentes durante las primeras etapas de desarrollo, lo que le permite elicitar los requisitos e ir llevándolos de manera consistente a través de todos los diagramas del modelo, hasta llegar a un nuevo diagrama de clases. Este nuevo diagrama de clases relaciona elementos del modelo con los del metamodelo, logrando una mayor expresividad y permitiendo tomar decisiones de implementación que antes no era posible en esta etapa del desarrollo. Para lograr esto, es necesario realizar una variante a la semántica del diagrama de clases, permitiendo relacionar metaclases que antes no estaban relacionadas. Igualmente, se introduce una nueva simbología para expresar la nueva metarelación presente en el diagrama de clases.
Textural characteristics and organization of composites with fumed silicas and high-molecular weight compounds
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gun'ko V. M.
Published: May 2022

Various composites with nanosilicas, as well as with other nanooxides, and polymers are of importance from a practical point of view. Detailed textural and morphological characterization, applied here to nanosilicas treated alone and in composites with a set of polymers (poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene glycol), polydimethylsiloxane, and polymethylsiloxane) and proteins (egg albumin, gelatin, and ossein), could be considered as a tool to evaluate the reorganization of hierarchical structures in composites from aggregates of nanoparticles, agglomerates of aggregates, to micro and visible particles. This analysis allows one to elucidate various changes in the porosity, accessible surface area, contributions of pores of different sizes and shapes and pore walls with silica or polymer/protein depending on a set of varied factors. Collected information could be used to forecast possible characteristics and properties of various composites with nanooxides. Among the factors affecting the properties and characteristics of the composites, a type, molecular weight, and content of a polymer and treatment conditions may play an important role. The presence of a large set of the factors makes difficult analysis of the composites using simplified approaches and methods. As a whole, selection of the composition and certain conditions of the composite preparation allows one to control all the textural characteristics of the final materials. For these purposes, the characteristics should be accurately estimated with minimum possible errors using well developed and adequate methods.
Hydrophilic/hydrophobic wound care preparation based on the nanoscale silica: physicochemical and technological aspects
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gerashchenko I. I. , Stepanyuk K. O. ,   Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University Ukraine, Chepliaka O. M. ,   Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University Ukraine, Borysenko M. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pakhlov E. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Klyuchkov D. G. ,   Kievpharmgroup Ukraine, Vinogradova K. G. ,   International Joint Laboratory Group-PHARM Ukraine
Published: May 2022

Неaling of infected ulcers and wounds, particularly in older people, is a serious problem in modern surgery. As a result of many years efforts, we have created an innovative wound care composition that has high absorptive, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing capabilities and are starting the clinical study of it. The composition, which got a trade mark Pathelen®, contains nanoscale hydrophilic silica (A-300), hydrophobic silica (Aerosil® R972 Pharma) and benzalkonium chloride. This work aimed to develop an optimal pathway of industrial production, as well as methods of quality control of the drug. The examination of manufacture intermediates and the final product includes bulk density measurement, thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy, chemical methods of identification, adsorption capacity and microbial contamination control. The pathway of manufacture which consists of mechanochemical immobilization of benzalkonium chloride on hydrophobic silica surface and mixing of obtained semi-product with hydrophilic nanoscale silica is developed. Thus, a technological method is proposed for combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanomaterials in one preparation. The final product complies to the elaborated quality parameters. In particular, the bulk density is distributed in a range 50–60 g/L, the adsorption capacity is not less than 140 mg of protein per gram. The absence of pathogenic microorganisms and fungi was demonstrated; the quantity of non-pathogenic microorganisms meets the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia for products in this category. The results obtained can be useful for the organization a large-scale production of the proposed drug in future.
ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF UKRAINE ON THE WAY TO ACHIEVING THE “2030 GOALS”
Authors: Rudenko L.H. , Lisovskyi S.A. , Maruniak Eu.O. , Golubtsov O.G. , Dronova O.L. , Mozghovyi A.A. , Chekhniy V.M. , Farion Yu.M. , Varukha A.A.
Published: May 2022

In the XXI century humanity is facing increasingly frequent consequences of irrational use of nature, distorted social and cultural values, trying to find a new "matrix" of their further progression. Such searches began in the twentieth century, beginning with the reports of the Club of Rome and the Agenda for the 21st century. In 2015, 17 Sustainable Development Goals, and related objectives to achieve each of them, became the new framework of the global level. Considering national priorities, these Goals have subsequently had been adapted around the world, with the prospect of end-to-end implementation in governance practice at all levels. In Ukraine, the adapted Goals were approved by Presidential Decree in 2019 and should be reflected in the strategies and plans developed for the new programming period. The article presents an analysis of the success of this process concerning socio-economic development strategies at the regional and local levels. Some gaps have been identified, primarily in ensuring the environmental component of sustainable development, as well as representation of the 2030 Goals as a whole. Overcoming them should be supported by research and development structures and with an emphasis on education and training in the field of sustainable development.
Long-term clinical and goniometric follow-up of lateral suture surgery in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Roydev R.
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications and the short-, medium-, and long-term outcomes following treatment of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture in dogs using the lateral fabello-tibial suture technique. The patients were ten dogs of various breeds, 62.5 ± 18.8 months of age, weighing 30.2 ± 3.3 kg, with unilateral CCL rupture. At 2, 6, 12, 24, and 52 weeks after surgery, the dogs were re-evaluated with clinical examination, gait and pain analysis, and radiography. A major complication was identified in one dog (10%), requiring second surgery due to implant failure and destabilisation of stifle joint. Minor complications occurred in two dogs postoperatively (one late meniscal injury and one case of seroma formation). The short-term outcome at two and six weeks postoperatively was considered good in six dogs and satisfactory in four dogs, while the mid-term outcome (between 12 and 24 weeks) was good to excellent in eight dogs and satisfactory in two dogs. All ten dogs had a good to excellent outcome 52 weeks after surgery. The lateral suture technique is generally safe and given the major benefits, such as lower costs, lower technical difficulty, and minimal requirement for specialised equipment, will probably remain a popular and alternative method for treatment of CCL insufficiency in dogs with good degree of owner satisfaction.
Lecturer’s Code-Switching in the EFL Classroom of Arabic Language and Literature
Authors: Vrika Renggi , Rezi Melisa
Published: May 2022

In teaching and learning languages, it is common to use code-switching. Code-switching help speaker and hearer share the ability to speak more than one language. This research was focused on the code-switching that was done by the lecturer, the most common type that appeared in the classroom interaction and the function of the code-switching found in the analysis. Descriptive qualitative research was applied in this research which the data got from the interaction of the lecturer and students in the classroom in teaching and learning English for Arabic students. Based on the analysis, in the classroom interaction, the three types of code-switching was found; tag-switching, inter-sentential switching and intra-sentential (Romaine, 1995). The most common type found in the interaction was intra-sentential switching. The used of code-switching in the classroom interaction was to improve language skills, give clarification, emphasis the topic, and make good relation with interlocutor that was the Arabic students. Both teachers and students in this situation hold positive attitudes in doing code switching.
SEJARAH PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU
Authors: Dewi Nurfitria Dewi
Published: May 2022

In the Minangkabau area, farming is the main source of livelihood for the Minang community, in addition to mining such as gold and iron ore mining. Pepper is a crop that is loved by the world for all time. Produced in Minangkabau and distributed outside the region and even abroad through the mouths of the Bukit Barisan river to the East Coast. The Rantau area was used as a political arena between world powers at that time. In the economic aspect, Minangkabau has long been known as a trading city centered on the west coast (rantau coast) and the east coast (downstream). Since the 14th century the coastal region has played an important role in the gold trade. The port for exporting gold and pepper was popular among West Asian traders, such as Barus, Tiku, Pariaman and Bayang in the south. They traded it in large quantities. This coastal city became a stopover port for foreign traders to the island of Java. From the explanation above, it can be understood that the economic history of the Minangkabau people has been going on for quite a long time, so in reviewing the economic history of the Minangkabau people, the author focuses on aspects of the economic process carried out by the Minang people, which includes aspects of how the Minangkabau people produce something that can be utilized. production), then the distribution aspect here will tell how the Minangkabau community sells the goods they have produced, and finally which areas consume these Minangkabau products, which are used by other communities or the Minangkabau community itself.
MINANGKABO DI ATAS NAGARI
Authors: Noranda Alfa
Published: May 2022

During the 76 years of Indonesia's independence, public knew that the traditional Minangkabo form of government was Nagari. The form of government of Nagari is the smallest form of government, so what is the traditional form of government structure above the Nagari in Minangkabo. This study will answer the form of government and how to make decisions based on existing historical data, it can help answer conflicts that have sprung up in the Minang community. Minangkabo are considered as one of the ethnic groups, but historical documents say it is different. At the time of the Government of the Batavian Republic in Eastern Europe through the independent government of the Governor in Batavia and his trading partners saw Minangkabau as a traditional government that had great influence at that time. For this reason, it is necessary to search for historical information historiography and transliterate the manuscript equipped with archaeological history sources in the form of old and new maps. Based on these methods and theories, it is known that the conditions regarding Minangkabo from the view of the government of the Batavian Republic are true, Minangkabo has a government structure and a way of making decisions.
BENCANA ALAM DAN PENANGGULANGAN NARASI GAMPO TUJUAH HARI PADANG PANJANG 1926
Authors: Sufyan Fikrul Hanif
Published: May 2022

The Padang Panjang earthquake has become a major part of the Minang people's memory in recent times. Those born after the earthquake often remember their birthday, after the strong shaking that lasted for seven days. This paper is prepared based on historical methods, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The earthquake that occurred in January 1926 was based on records of reports of the impact of terrible damage. The tsunami, buildings were destroyed, roads were badly damaged, and rail transportation was damaged, not to mention the human casualties who died and were injured. After the damage caused by the earthquake, the Dutch colonial government intervened to provide assistance to earthquake victims. The government is also working hard to rebuild buildings from the rubble of destruction.
Türkiye’nin yaşam memnuniyetine mekansal etkinin analizi
Authors: Ergüt Özlem , Çilingirtürk Ahmet Mete
Published: May 2022

Mekansal veri analizi, analiz sonuçları nesnelerin ya da analiz edilen olayların konumlarına bağlı olan, hem konum bilgisi hem de nesnelerin özelliklerinin kullanımı gerektiren yöntemlerden oluşmaktadır. Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemlerinde meydana gelen ilerlemeler ve verinin analiz edilmesine yönelik programların geliştirilmesi mekansal veri analizde kullanılan yöntemleri daha uygulanabilir hale getirmiştir. Mekansal veri analizinde mekansal etkileşim ön plana çıkmakta ve mekansal etkileşim hem mekansal bağımlılığı hem de mekansal heterojenliği kapsamaktadır. Mekansal bağımlılık veya mekansal otokorelasyon bir mekanda ya da bölgede gözlenen değerlerin komşu gözlem değerlerine bağlı olduğu durumu yansıtmaktadır. Mekansal verideki bağımlılık yapısı regresyon analizini de içeren çeşitli istatistiksel yöntemlerde geçerli olan bağımsızlık varsayımının ihlal edilmesine neden olmaktadır. Konumun ve konumlar arasındaki etkileşimin önemli olduğu çalışmalarda bu bağımlılık yapısını dikkate alarak geliştirilmiş yöntemlerin kullanılması gerekmektedir. Mekansal analizde kullanılan en yaygın yöntemlerden biri mekansal regresyon analizidir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı mekansal analiz literatüründeki son gelişmeler ışığında mekansal etkilerin de dahil edildiği farklı mekansal modeller kullanılarak Türkiye’de il düzeyindeki mutluluk verilerinde mekansal bağımlılık yapısının olup olmadığı incelemektir. Belirlenen amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) tarafından il düzeyinde yapılan Yaşam Memnuniyeti Araştırması verileri kullanılarak mekansal etkilerin modele dahil edildiği ve edilmediği regresyon analizi sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda mekansal etkinin var olduğu, tahmin edilen mekansal regresyon analizi yardımıyla intihar ve çevre harcamaları değişkenlerinin dolaysız; işsizlik, gelir ve intihar değişkenlerinin ise dolaylı etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Testing the middle income trap for upper middle income countries by fourier cointegration
Authors: Peker Ayşe Esra , Çak Merve Nur
Published: May 2022

The middle income trap is defined as the inability to rise to a higher income group after the gross domestic product value reaches the middle income level and is stuck in a certain income range. Based on this point, the data used in the study covers the period 1960-2019. The middle income trap hypothesis was tested for upper middle income country groups in 2019 and has been included in the 22 countries included in the study. The per capita Gross Domestic Product data for the mentioned countries and the reference country were obtained from the World Bank database. In the study, in order to perform the Banerjee Arcabic Lee (2017) Fourier ADL cointegration test, the variables used in the analysis should be first-order I (1) stationary. For this reason, before the cointegration test, Ng-Perron Test (2001), Enders and Lee (2012) Fourier Function Stationarity Test, Christopoulos and Leon Ledesma (2010) Fourier CSR Stability tests were performed to determine the stationarity levels of variables. And then the Banerjee Arcabic Lee (2017) Fourier ADL cointegration test was applied to the above mentioned 16 countries. According to the results of Fourier ADL Cointegration, the null hypothesis, which asserts that there is no cointegration for Botswana, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Fiji, Gabon, Guatemala, Iran, Jamaica, Malaysia, Peru, South Africa, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, including Turkey cannot be rejected within 5% significance level. Therefore, empirical evidence has been obtained that these countries are in the middle income trap.
Algal extract and proline promote physiological changes in mango trees during shoot maturation
Authors: Cunha Jenilton Gomes da , Cavalcante Ítalo Herbert Lucena , Silva Luan dos Santos , Silva Marcelle Almeida da , Sousa Kellem Ângela Oliveira de , Paiva Neto Vespasiano Borges de
Published: May 2022

Abstract Water stress should be adequately managed during shoot maturation to improve the floral induction of mango grown in semi-arid regions. In this scenario, proline association with algal extracts has a potential stress-mitigating effect. However, even though this practice has been reported separately for some crops, its effects on mango are still unknown. From this perspective, this study investigated the role of proline and algal extract in mitigation of water deficit effects during shoot maturation of the mango variety ‘Tommy Atkins’ grown in the tropical semi-arid region. The study consisted of five consecutive individual experiments (five foliar application treatments) in a randomized block design and a 4 x 2 factorial corresponding to i) four proline concentrations (Pro): 0.0% (without proline), 0.287, 0.575, and 1.150%, and ii) the presence of algal extract (AE) (presence and absence). The following parameters were evaluated: photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, photochemical and non-photochemical efficiency, and flowering and production uniformity. Carotenoids were interactively affected by the factors evaluated. On the other hand, as additive effects, proline provided the highest values of gas exchange and total soluble carbohydrates, with a higher internal CO2 concentration and greater flowering uniformity. The application of proline and the algal extract of A. nodosum promoted different responses in mango physiology and can be used during shoot maturation.
Ações judiciais por artroplastia de quadril no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2016-2018
Authors: Regolin Fabiana , Pepe Vera Lúcia Edais , Noronha Marina Ferreira , Martins Olga de Castro
Published: May 2022

Analisar as características processuais, médico-sanitárias e dos demandantes das ações por artroplastia de quadril, ajuizadas contra os entes públicos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, de 2016 a 2018. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo, cujo objeto foi ações por artroplastia de quadril, ajuizadas contra os entes públicos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, localizadas na base de dados do Sistema Estadual de Regulação e do Núcleo de Apoio Técnico do Judiciário do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro (NAT-JUS), protocoladas entre janeiro de 2016 e dezembro de 2018. A análise dos dados se deu por segmento de justiça. Foram localizadas 89 ações judiciais por artroplastia de quadril. A maioria foi ajuizada na Justiça estadual, contou com litisconsórcio passivo, foi impulsionada pela Defensoria Pública, teve o pedido de antecipação de tutela deferido e o pedido considerado procedente, e não houve interposição de recurso à sentença. Mais da metade das ações foram encaminhadas ao NAT-JUS. O grupo de usuários com doenças osteodegenerativas esperou aproximadamente sete meses, enquanto o grupo com agravos de natureza emergencial aguardou quase dois meses para a realização do procedimento, desde a data de distribuição da ação judicial. As ações judiciais por artroplastia de quadril mostraram semelhanças e diferenças em relação a outros pleitos, objeto de outros estudos, o que pode exigir estratégias específicas para sua qualificação. O acesso à artroplastia de quadril, por via judicial, no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Estado do Rio de Janeiro encontra-se prejudicado, entendendo as demandas como referência de necessidades não atendidas.
A China e a desindustrialização brasileira: um olhar para além da especialização regressiva
Authors: Sugimoto Thiago Noronha , Diegues Antônio Carlos
Published: May 2022

Resumo Este artigo analisa como o estreitamento das relações comerciais entre Brasil e China, a partir dos anos 2000, tem causado o aprofundamento de dois fenômenos característicos da economia brasileira desde os anos de 1980: a especialização regressiva e a desindustrialização. Em especial, para além dos impactos a respeito do papel chinês na especialização produtiva no período recente, argumenta-se que esses efeitos são estendidos para o desadensamento da estrutura produtiva. A partir da adaptação de indicadores de desadensamento industrial - coeficiente de desadensamento da indústria de transformação (CDIT) e coeficiente de participação relativa no desadensamento (CPRD) - utilizando como base de dados a World Input-Output Database (WIOD), este estudo aponta como o avanço chinês se deu de forma transversal (aumento da participação em todos os setores analisados) e heterogênea (observa-se um viés setorial) na indústria de transformação brasileira.
Key points for the thermal comfort of water buffaloes in Eastern Amazon
Authors: Garcia Alexandre Rossetto , Silva Lílian Kátia Ximenes , Barros Daniel Vale , Lourenço Junior José de Brito , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , Lisboa Leila Sheila Silva , Silva Jamile Andrea Rodrigues da , Sousa José Silva de , Silva Aluízio Otávio Almeida da
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT: This study presented relevant aspects about the Amazonian environment and how it impacts the thermal comfort of domestic buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) raised in the Eastern Amazon. Furthermore, strategies for monitoring and mitigating animal heat stress are presented, based on research results with the species. Although domestic buffaloes are considered adaptable animals, exposure to intense solar radiation causes thermal discomfort. This condition is expressed in biophysical indicators, in metabolic, endocrine, behavioral responses, and in body thermographic patterns. Therefore, the biometeorological monitoring of production is crucial to support decision-making regarding environmental management strategies, genetic selection of thermotolerant individuals, and increase in animal welfare. Lastly, the use of silvopastoral systems can help to provide higher thermal comfort, which is a condition that directly impacts the productivity of milk and meat buffaloes when they are raised in tropical regions, such as in the Eastern Amazon.