bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Suboptimal Social Networks and Postoperative Delirium: The PNDABLE Study
Authors: Tang Xinhui , Yv Hui , Wang Fei , Wang Jiahan , Liu Siyv , Wu Xiaoyue , Dong Rui , Lin Xu , Wang Bin , Bi Yanlin
Published: June 2022

Background

Although it has been proven that social networks are related to cognition, studies are conducted to characterize the correlation between social networks and postoperative delirium (POD).

Objective

We investigated whether suboptimal social networks are a risk factor for POD, and to verify whether different levels of intimacy in the same social relationship can affect the concentration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, such as amyloid-β (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau), and the mediating role of CSF biomarkers between social network and POD in middle-aged and elderly Han people.

Methods

Our study recruited 743 participants from The Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder and Biomarker Lifestyle (PNDABLE) study. Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) was used to evaluate the incidence of POD and its severity was measured using the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). The social networks were measured using self-reported questionnaires about social ties. Mann–Whitney U test, Logistic Regression and Independent-samples test were used for Statistical Analysis.

Results

The incidence of POD was 20.7%. Mann–Whitney U test showed that the total score of the social network was associated with POD (P < 0.001). Independent-samples test showed that different levels of intimacy in the same social relationship were significantly associated with CSF POD biomarkers, and mediation analyses revealed that the association between suboptimal social networks and POD was partially mediated by T-tau (proportion: 20%), P-tau (proportion: 33%), Aβ42/T-tau (proportion: 14%), and Aβ42/P-tau (proportion: 15%).

Conclusion

Having suboptimal social networks is a risk factor for POD in middle-aged and elderly Han people. CSF POD biomarkers can mediate the correlation between suboptimal social networks and POD, which is mainly mediated by tau protein.

Clinical Trial Registration

www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2000033439.
Brain-Inspired Spiking Neural Network Controller for a Neurorobotic Whisker System
Authors: Antonietti Alberto , Geminiani Alice , Negri Edoardo , D'Angelo Egidio , Casellato Claudia , Pedrocchi Alessandra
Published: June 2022

It is common for animals to use self-generated movements to actively sense the surrounding environment. For instance, rodents rhythmically move their whiskers to explore the space close to their body. The mouse whisker system has become a standard model for studying active sensing and sensorimotor integration through feedback loops. In this work, we developed a bioinspired spiking neural network model of the sensorimotor peripheral whisker system, modeling trigeminal ganglion, trigeminal nuclei, facial nuclei, and central pattern generator neuronal populations. This network was embedded in a virtual mouse robot, exploiting the Human Brain Project's Neurorobotics Platform, a simulation platform offering a virtual environment to develop and test robots driven by brain-inspired controllers. Eventually, the peripheral whisker system was adequately connected to an adaptive cerebellar network controller. The whole system was able to drive active whisking with learning capability, matching neural correlates of behavior experimentally recorded in mice.
The Role of Central Complex Neurons in Prey Detection and Tracking in the Freely Moving Praying Mantis (Tenodera sinensis)
Authors: Wosnitza Anne , Martin Joshua P. , Pollack Alan J. , Svenson Gavin J. , Ritzmann Roy E.
Published: June 2022

Complex tasks like hunting moving prey in an unpredictable environment require high levels of motor and sensory integration. An animal needs to detect and track suitable prey objects, measure their distance and orientation relative to its own position, and finally produce the correct motor output to approach and capture the prey. In the insect brain, the central complex (CX) is one target area where integration is likely to take place. In this study, we performed extracellular multi-unit recordings on the CX of freely hunting praying mantises (Tenodera sinensis). Initially, we recorded the neural activity of freely moving mantises as they hunted live prey. The recordings showed activity in cells that either reflected the mantis's own movements or the actions of a prey individual, which the mantises focused on. In the latter case, the activity increased as the prey moved and decreased when it stopped. Interestingly, cells ignored the movement of the other prey than the one to which the mantis attended. To obtain quantitative data, we generated simulated prey targets presented on an LCD screen positioned below the clear floor of the arena. The simulated target oscillated back and forth at various angles and distances. We identified populations of cells whose activity patterns were strongly linked to the appearance, movement, and relative position of the virtual prey. We refer to these as sensory responses. We also found cells whose activity preceded orientation movement toward the prey. We call these motor responses. Some cells showed both sensory and motor properties. Stimulation through tetrodes in some of the preparations could also generate similar movements. These results suggest the crucial importance of the CX to prey-capture behavior in predatory insects like the praying mantis and, hence, further emphasize its role in behaviorally and ecologically relevant contexts.
Different Patterns of Neural Activity Characterize Motor Skill Performance During Acquisition and Retention
Authors: Beroukhim-Kay Dorsa , Kim Bokkyu , Monterosso John , Lewthwaite Rebecca , Winstein Carolee
Published: June 2022

Motor performance and learning have distinct behavioral and neural signatures and can be uniquely modulated by various informational and motivational factors. Contemporary frameworks describe four different motor learning mechanisms mapped onto specific neural regions which are key for motor skill acquisition: error-based learning (cerebellum), reinforcement learning (basal ganglia), cognitive strategies (prefrontal cortex), and use-dependent learning (motor cortex). However, little is known about the neural circuits engaged during skill acquisition that are modulated specifically by practice-based performance improvement and those that predict recall performance. Based on previous work, we hypothesize that brain activity during practice in primary motor cortex and basal ganglia (1) is associated with trial-by-trial practice performance and (2) is predictive of immediate recall performance. Leveraging the contemporary framework, we use a well-known task paradigm that primarily relies upon cognitive strategy, reinforcement, and use-based learning mechanisms to test our hypotheses. Forty neurotypical young adults were asked to practice a pinch force tracking task. Participants received performance feedback after each trial during practice. We used whole brain analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral performance measures (i.e., time-on-target and self-efficacy) during the practice phase to determine which brain activation patterns are (1) associated with trial-by-trial tracking performance and (2) predictive of immediate no-feedback retention performance. We observed brain activations in the frontal orbital cortex, putamen, amygdala, and insula correlated with tracking performance improvement during practice. In contrast, a different set of performance-related activated regions were observed that were associated with immediate retention performance that included the primary motor cortex, superior frontal gyrus, somatosensory cortex, angular gyrus, and parietal gyrus. Our findings demonstrate that improved practice performance and recall of a sensorimotor skill are correlated with distinct neural activity patterns during acquisition, drawing on different motor learning mechanisms during encoding. While motor performance improvements depend on both cortical and subcortical regions, motor skill recall depends primarily on prefrontal and motor cortices. We discuss possible interpretations for why our hypothesis regarding basal ganglia activity and retention performance was not supported. Understanding the different neural mechanisms engaged in motor performance and learning may inform novel interventions to enhance motor skill learning.
Insights on Microsatellite Characteristics, Evolution, and Function From the Social Amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum
Authors: Williams Felicia N. , Scaglione K. Matthew
Published: June 2022

Microsatellites are repetitive sequences commonly found in the genomes of higher organisms. These repetitive sequences are prone to expansion or contraction, and when microsatellite expansion occurs in the regulatory or coding regions of genes this can result in a number of diseases including many neurodegenerative diseases. Unlike in humans and other organisms, the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum contains an unusually high number of microsatellites. Intriguingly, many of these microsatellites fall within the coding region of genes, resulting in nearly 10,000 homopolymeric repeat proteins within the Dictyostelium proteome. Surprisingly, among the most common of these repeats are polyglutamine repeats, a type of repeat that causes a class of nine neurodegenerative diseases in humans. In this minireview, we summarize what is currently known about homopolymeric repeats and microsatellites in Dictyostelium discoideum and discuss the potential utility of Dictyostelium for identifying novel mechanisms that utilize and regulate regions of repetitive DNA.
Milk of Cow and Goat, Immunized by Recombinant Protein Vaccine ZF-UZ-VAC2001(Zifivax), Contains Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 and Remains Active After Standard Milk Pasteurization
Authors: Garib Victoria , Katsamaki Stefani , Turdikulova Shahlo , Levitskaya Yuliya , Zahidova Nodira , Bus Galina , Karamova Kristina , Rakhmedova Manona , Magbulova Nigora , Bruhov Alexander , Garib Firuz Y. , Abdurakhmonov Ibrokhim Y.
Published: June 2022

Here, we present the first experimental validation of the possibility for obtaining immune milk with neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from vaccinated cows and goat using approved recombinant protein human coronavirus vaccine, ZF-UZ-VAC2001, in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In the period of 2 weeks after first vaccination, we detected the neutralizing antibodies against coronavirus in the blood serum of vaccinated animals. The neutralizing activity, in its peak on the 21st day after receiving the third dose (77th day from first dose), was effective in neutralization test using a live SARS-CoV-2 in Vero E6 cells, even after 120-fold serum titration. In cows receiving three dose of human vaccine, the MAGLUMI® SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay revealed that colostrum of the first day after calving had a greater activity to neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 compared to colostrum of subsequent three days (4.080 μg/ml vs 2.106, 1.960 and 1.126 μg/ml). In comparison, the neutralizing activity for goat and cow milk was 1.486 μg/ml and 0.222 μg/ml, respectively. We observed a positive correlation of receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG antibodies between the serum of actively immunized cow and milk-feeding calf during the entire course of vaccination (r = 0.95, p = 0.05). We showed an optimal regime for immune milk pasteurization at 62.5°C for 30 min, which retained specific neutralizing activity to SARS-CoV-2, potentially useful for passive immunization against coronavirus infection threats as an additive approach to the vaccination. This strategy, as a supportive approach to the vaccination, could also be applicable for directly reducing the effect of COVID-19 infection in gastrointestinal tract, supporting mucosal immunity.
The Structure Basis of Phytochemicals as Metabolic Signals for Combating Obesity
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Zheng Liufeng , Zhang Bing , Deng Ze-Yuan , Luo Ting
Published: June 2022

The consumption of phytochemicals, bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, has been demonstrated to ameliorate obesity and related metabolic symptoms by regulating specific metabolic pathways. This review summarizes the progress made in our understanding of the potential of phytochemicals as metabolic signals: we discuss herein selected molecular mechanisms which are involved in the occurrence of obesity that may be regulated by phytochemicals. The focus of our review highlights the regulation of transcription factors toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and regulation of microRNAs (miRNA). In this review, the effect of phytochemicals on signaling pathways involved in obesity were discussed on the basis of their chemical structure, suggesting molecular mechanisms for how phytochemicals may impact these signaling pathways. For example, compounds with an isothiocyanate group or an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group may interact with the TLR4 signaling pathway. Regarding Nrf2, we examine compounds possessing an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group which binds covalently with the cysteine thiols of Keap1. Additionally, phytochemical activation of PPARs, FTO and miRNAs were summarized. This information may be of value to better understand how specific phytochemicals interact with specific signaling pathways and help guide the development of new drugs to combat obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Dynamic Changes in Microbial Communities and Physicochemical Characteristics During Fermentation of Non-post Fermented Shuidouchi
Authors: Chen Yuyong , Qin Feng , Dong Mingsheng
Published: June 2022

Non-post fermented Shuidouchi is a Chinese spontaneously fermented soybean food with multifunctionality in human health. The functionality and safety of this plant-based food will be affected by the microorganisms during fermentation. In this study, microbial diversity was investigated using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. The functional metabolites such as polyamines and alkylpyrazines were also determined at different time points during fermentation. We found that Bacillus was the most dominant microbe throughout the fermentation process, while the temperature was the most important influencing factor. During fermentation, the microbial diversity increased at a moderate temperature and decreased at a high temperature (52°C). High temperature caused the prosperity of the spore-producing bacteria such as Bacillus (more than 90% relative abundance in bacteria) and Aneurinibacillus (2% or so relative abundance in bacteria), and the inhibition of fungi. Furthermore, it was found by correlation analysis that the relative abundances of Bacillus and Aneurinibacillus were positively correlated with the relative content of amino acid metabolism pathway and the content of most alkylpyrazines and biogenic amines. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of many non-dominant bacteria were negatively correlated with the content of biogenic amines and positively correlated with the relative content of carbohydrate metabolism pathway. These effects were helpful to control the biogenic amine contents under the safety limits, increasing the alkylpyrazine type and product functionality. A two-stage temperature control strategy—a moderate temperature (35–42°C) first, then a high temperature (52°C)—was concluded from the spontaneous fermentation of non-post fermented Shuidouchi. This strategy could improve the safety of product by inhibiting or sterilizing the thermolabile microbes. The non-post fermented Shuidouchi product is rich in functional compounds such as polyamines and alkylpyrazines.
Long-Term Antipsychotic Effectiveness and Comparison of the Efficacy of Monotherapy and Polypharmacy in Schizophrenia: A 3-Years Follow-Up “Real World” Study in China
Authors: Zhang Lei , He Sidi , He Luyao , Yu Wenjuan , He Shen , Li Yange , Yu Yimin , Zheng Qingshan , Huang Jingjing , Shen Yifeng , Li Huafang
Published: June 2022

Background: Discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment is a common problem in patients with schizophrenia and could reduce the effectiveness of treatment. Time to discontinuation (TTD) is one of the indicators of compliance and may also be an effective indicator of medication efficacy. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole in the real-world treatment of schizophrenia with 3-years follow-up.

Method: A multi-center, open, cohort, prospective, real-world study was conducted. 706 patients were analyzed without intervention in medication selection and use, followed up for 3 years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to draw the treatment discontinuation rates (TDR) curves at each time point. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to assess the relative risk of TTD of antipsychotics.

Results: There was a significant difference among monotherapy groups in all-cause antipsychotic treatment discontinuation (p = 0.0057). Among the four medications, the TDR of risperidone was the highest. Compared with polypharmacy, except for aripiprazole, the TDR of other three monotherapy medications were lower than that of polypharmacy, and olanzapine was statistically different (p = 0.0325). The cox regression analysis showed that after correction of Hochberg with multiple tests, only olanzapine had a relative risk lower than risperidone (p < 0.0083).

Conclusions: The findings indicated that risperidone monotherapy and polypharmacy had the highest TDR and the shortest TTD. Olanzapine monotherapy had a relative risk lower than risperidone and was superior to polypharmacy.
Allicin in Digestive System Cancer: From Biological Effects to Clinical Treatment
Authors: Zhou Yang , Li Xingxuan , Luo Wenyu , Zhu Junfeng , Zhao Jingwen , Wang Mengyao , Sang Lixuan , Chang Bing , Wang Bingyuan
Published: June 2022

Allicin is the main active ingredient in freshly-crushed garlic and some other allium plants, and its anticancer effect on cancers of digestive system has been confirmed in many studies. The aim of this review is to summarize epidemiological studies and in vitro and in vivo investigations on the anticancer effects of allicin and its secondary metabolites, as well as their biological functions. In epidemiological studies of esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and biliary tract cancer, the anticancer effect of garlic has been confirmed consistently. However, the results obtained from epidemiological studies in gastric cancer and colon cancer are inconsistent. In vitro studies demonstrated that allicin and its secondary metabolites play an antitumor role by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, controlling tumor invasion and metastasis, decreasing angiogenesis, suppressing Helicobacter pylori, enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, and reducing the damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. In vivo studies further demonstrate that allicin and its secondary metabolites inhibit cancers of the digestive system. This review describes the mechanisms against cancers of digestive system and therapeutic potential of allicin and its secondary metabolites.
Proteomic Analysis of Potential Targets for Non-Response to Infliximab in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Liu Lu , Pu Dan , Wang Dandan , Zhang Muhan , Zhou Chuan , Zhang Zhe , Feng Baisui
Published: June 2022

Background: Infliximab (IFX) is a potent therapeutic agent used for the treatment of conventional refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the high non-response rate of IFX brings difficulties to clinical applications. In the context of proteomics research, our study of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) is essential for non-response to IFX in UC patients and provides powerful insights into underlying drug resistance mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 12 UC patients were divided into responders to IFX (UCinfG), non-responders to IFX (UCinfL), severe UC (UCsevere) without an IFX treatment history, and mild UC (UCmild) without an IFX treatment history. Subsequently, DEPs were identified from intestinal biopsy tissue between responders and non-responders to IFX by a label-free proteomic quantitative approach, and the general principle of functional protein screening was followed to deduce the potential drug targets and predictors for non-response to IFX in UC patients. Meanwhile, these targets excluded DEPs caused by the severity of inflammation for the first time. The differential expressions of candidate protein targets were validated at the gene sequence level using GEO2R analysis of the GEO database and qRT-PCR in some independent cohorts.

Results: A total of 257 DEPs were screened out by mass spectrometry between UCinfG and UCinfL groups, excluding 22 DEPs caused by the severity of inflammation, and compared and verified at the gene sequence level in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Finally, five DEPs, including ACTBL2 (Q562R1), MBL2 (P11226), BPI (P17213), EIF3D (O15371), and CR1 (P17927), were identified as novel drug targets and predictive biomarkers for non-response to IFX. The drug targets were confirmed in the GEO database of the microarray results from three independent cohorts of 70 human intestinal biopsies and validated in qPCR data from 17 colonic mucosal biopsies. Among them, CR1 might affect the activation of the lectin pathway via complement-coated bacteria to play an opsonizing role in inflammation-related pathways closely associated with non-responders to IFX.

Conclusion: This is the first report of proteomics analysis for the identification of novel drug targets based on intestinal biopsy tissue, which is significant for hypotheses for mechanistic investigation that are responsible for non-response to IFX and the development of clinical new pharmaceutical drugs.
Synchronization of Traveling Waves in Memristively Coupled Ensembles of FitzHugh–Nagumo Neurons With Periodic Boundary Conditions
Authors: Korneev I. A. , Ramazanov I. R. , Semenov V. V. , Slepnev A. V. , Vadivasova T. E.
Published: June 2022

Synchronization of traveling waves in two rings of FitzHugh–Nagumo neurons is studied. Coupling between neurons within each ring is dissipative, while one between rings is memristive. Complete synchronization of waves in identical rings in the presence of an initial phase shift between wave processes and partial synchronization of waves in the case of different coupling strengths inside the rings are considered. The influence of the initial states of memristive coupling on the synchronization of wave processes in the case of memristors with an infinitely long memory and with the forgetting effect is investigated.
Detection of Stable Elite Haplotypes and Potential Candidate Genes of Boll Weight Across Multiple Environments via GWAS in Upland Cotton
Authors: Feng Zhen , Li Libei , Tang Minqiang , Liu Qibao , Ji Zihan , Sun Dongli , Liu Guodong , Zhao Shuqi , Huang Chenjue , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Guizhi , Yu Shuxun
Published: June 2022

Boll weight (BW) is a key determinant of yield component traits in cotton, and understanding the genetic mechanism of BW could contribute to the progress of cotton fiber yield. Although many yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) responsible for BW have been determined, knowledge of the genes controlling cotton yield remains limited. Here, association mapping based on 25,169 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 2,315 insertions/deletions (InDels) was conducted to identify high-quality QTLs responsible for BW in a global collection of 290 diverse accessions, and BW was measured in nine different environments. A total of 19 significant markers were detected, and 225 candidate genes within a 400 kb region (± 200 kb surrounding each locus) were predicted. Of them, two major QTLs with highly phenotypic variation explanation on chromosomes A08 and D13 were identified among multiple environments. Furthermore, we found that two novel candidate genes (Ghir_A08G009110 and Ghir_D13G023010) were associated with BW and that Ghir_D13G023010 was involved in artificial selection during cotton breeding by population genetic analysis. The transcription level analyses showed that these two genes were significantly differentially expressed between high-BW accession and low-BW accession during the ovule development stage. Thus, these results reveal valuable information for clarifying the genetic basics of the control of BW, which are useful for increasing yield by molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding in cotton.
Dialectical Thinking: A Proposed Foundation for a Post-modern Psychology
Authors: Veraksa Nikolay , Basseches Michael , Brandão Angela
Published: June 2022

For the authors, the way from a modern to a post-modern psychology requires dialectical thinking. Dialectical thinking recognizes the importance of contradiction, change, and synthesis; it also includes recognition of the value as well as limits of modern epistemological approaches. The article describes foundations for both ongoing efforts to understand and research the ontogeny of dialectical thinking and for appreciating the scope of dialectical thinking and its relevance for establishing a bridge from modern to post-modern psychology.
Counterconditioning as Treatment to Reduce Nocebo Effects in Persistent Physical Symptoms: Treatment Protocol and Study Design
Authors: Meijer Simone , van Middendorp Henriët , Peerdeman Kaya J. , Evers Andrea W. M.
Published: June 2022

Persistent physical symptoms have a high prevalence and a large impact for patients and society. To date, treatment effects for these symptoms are often limited. Nocebo effects (i.e., negative outcomes that are not attributable to active treatment components) have a substantial influence on treatment success and can be established via learning through classical conditioning. Therefore, interventions aimed at reducing nocebo effects by means of counterconditioning, in which an alternative association (inhibiting the previous association) is learned, could be a promising method for improving physical symptoms. In experimental studies, counterconditioning has been shown promising in reducing experimentally-induced nocebo effects on pain and itch. Application of counterconditioning procedures to reduce nocebo effects on clinical symptoms has yet to be researched. This paper provides a protocol of a 6-week counterconditioning intervention aimed at reducing nocebo effects and clinical pain in patients with fibromyalgia. A study in patients with fibromyalgia is proposed to examine the feasibility and potential effectiveness of this counterconditioning intervention as a novel treatment method for reducing nocebo effects and generalization to clinical pain symptoms. Results can help design an optimized treatment protocol for reducing nocebo effects, based on the experiences of participants and the first indications of treatment efficacy.
Self-Perceived Employability of Workers With Disability: A Case Study in an Educational Farm
Authors: Fantinelli Stefania , Di Fiore Teresa , Marzuoli Alessia , Galanti Teresa
Published: June 2022

Background

The job placement of persons with disability is often threatened by prejudices and stereotypes; even when they are employed, they have less qualified and less paid jobs. The aim of this study was to investigate the self-perceived employability in a sample of workers with disability, hypothesizing to find a good level of self-determination and positive meaning of work.

Materials and Methods

Ten semi-structured interviews have been conducted, applying a mix-method to the data analysis through qualitative interpretation and quantitative content analysis. Results confirmed what recent literature shows about the need for job inclusiveness for persons with disability and also underlined a profound sense of satisfaction related to the job, strong identity, and empowerment derived from the job involvement.

Conclusion

Practical implications are related to the job design procedure inspired by diversity management, in order to pay attention to every single diversity and ensure equity and inclusion.
Measuring the Enterprise Green Innovation Strategy Decision-Making Quality: A Moderating—Mediating Model
Authors: Feng Jiaying , Pan Ying , Zhuang Wencan
Published: June 2022

Green development helps to balance the conflict between economic expansion, environmental protection, and green strategy decisions by tackling the issue of excessive resource utilization during regional growth. This study aims to measure the green innovation strategic decisions quality by identifying the nexus between board capital, green innovation strategic information acquisition capability, and board group Faultline. A conceptual model has been proposed and tested to verify the proposed relationship. Data collection was analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS 24.0. The findings indicate that board human capital (BHC) and board social capital (BSC) have a beneficial influence on the quality of green innovation strategy decision-making. The green innovation strategic information acquisition capability plays a mediating role in the relationship between the two dimensions of board capital and the green innovation strategy decision-making quality. The mediating role of green innovation strategic information acquisition capability is moderated by board group Faultline. The core significance of this study is presented.
Mental Health Literacy and Mental Health Information-Seeking Behavior in Iranian University Students
Authors: Mahmoodi Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Ahmadzad-Asl Masoud , Eslami Mohammad , Abdi Mohadeseh , Hosseini Kahnamoui Yasamin , Rasoulian Maryam
Published: June 2022

Background:

Inadequate Mental health literacy (MHL) is a problem worldwide. Research is limited in developing countries and about positive MHL. This study measured the disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL and investigated their association. In addition, this study explored the mental health information-seeking behavior among undergraduate students in Iran.

Methods

This study recruited undergraduate students of Tehran public universities through multistage stratified random sampling to undertake an analytical cross-sectional study. MHL was measured using Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and Mental Health Positive Knowledge (MHPK). Participants' most used mental health information sources and their trust in them were also inspected.

Results

A total of 543 students participated in this study. On average, the participants achieved about 65% of the total possible MHLS score, and 71% of participants showed sufficient MHPK score. The “internet” was the most used source for receiving and searching for mental health information. The most trusted source was “health care staff”. This study detected no correlation between disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL.

Conclusions

Mental health literacy of Iranian students still seems to be insufficient. As disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL were not correlated, specific educational interventions for each domain are needed. Although the internet is the main source of mental health knowledge, the trust of student in it is low. This issue should be taken into consideration in designing online educational interventions.
Nurses' Workplace Social Capital and the Influence of Transformational Leadership: A Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Xu Jia-Min , Stark Azadeh T. , Ying Bi-He , Lian Zheng-Mei , Huang Yang-Sheng , Chen Rui-Ming
Published: June 2022

Workplace social capital is the relational network, created by respectful interactions among members of a workforce, can contribute to the formation of a wholesome psychological work environment in an organization. Nurses' workplace social capital is a derivative of the workplace social capital, formed because of the complex interactions among the nursing and between the other healthcare professionals. Transformational leadership is a style of leadership that addresses the emotional wellbeing of its workforce and inspires shared group ethics, norms, and goals. The philosophy of transformational leadership is grounded on the premise of workforce as human beings with specific needs. Transformational leadership has been confirmed as a strong predictor of nurses' workplace social capital. Meanwhile, it is of an academic and/or healthcare industry operational value to scholarly assess and discern the theoretical influence of transformational leadership on nurses' workplace social capital. In this paper, we have attempted to explore the associations between transformational leadership and nurses' workplace social capital from a theoretical perspective. We have discussed the importance of each sub-dimension of transformational leadership (modeling the way, inspiring a shared vision, challenging the process, enabling others to act and encouraging the heart) in building up the social capital relational network. Finally, we have proposed a graphic framework of our analysis to facilitate understanding of the associations between the transformational leadership and nurses' workplace social capital, in formation of a healthy work environment which is the foundation for efficiency and productivity of the workforce.
The Need for Strengthening Health Information Dissemination Toward Indoor Residual Spraying for Malaria Prevention in Malarious Area of Ethiopia
Authors: Mekasha Wubayehu , Daba Chala , Malede Asmamaw , Debela Sisay Abebe , Gebrehiwot Mesfin
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Malaria remains prevalent in developing countries. This is particularly true among the community who are prone but do not apply malaria prevention and controlling strategies. In one of the malarious areas of Ethiopia (Shewa Robit), the acceptance level of indoor residual spraying (IRS) is indicated to be low as per guidelines. However, factors determining communities' acceptance of IRS are not well-investigated. Hence, this study was designed to identify the determinants for the acceptance of IRS in order to indicate priorities for malaria prevention and control.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study design was used among 649 households in Shewa Robit town, from February to March 2021. Households were selected from five IRS-targeted kebeles. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent factors associated with the acceptance of IRS.

Results

The response rate in this study was 98%. The proportion of community who accepted the IRS for malaria prevention was 56.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 52.7–60.2%]. Being male [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.32–3.72], having good knowledge (AOR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.33–3.84), did not paint/re-plaster the wall after spraying (AOR = 3.99, 95% CI: 2.36–6.76), did not perceive any side effects after spraying (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.11–2.99), effectiveness of previous IRS (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 1.85–4.84), non-utilization of long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) (AOR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.84), and spraying the house at the right season (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.11–4.13) were determinant factors for the acceptance of IRS.

Conclusions

To increase the acceptance level of IRS among the communities, health interventions and services should focus on the awareness creation toward the effectiveness of IRS, proper spraying time/season, and side effects of IRS. Therefore, strengthening health information dissemination could help promote the acceptance of IRS.
Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Physical Performance, Sleep Quality, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Professional Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Keemss Jil , Sieland Johanna , Pfab Florian , Banzer Winfried
Published: June 2022

Background

In March 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak led to the declaration of a pandemic. The accompanying restrictions on public life caused a change in the training routines of athletes worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 13-week supervised home training program on physical performance, sleep quality, and health-related quality of life in professional youth soccer players during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany.

Methods

Eight professional soccer players (age range 16–19; height: 1.81 ± 0.07 m; body weight: 72.05 ± 6.96 kg) from a Bundesliga team in Germany participated in this study. During the lockdown, they trained 5–6 days per week with home-based training plans and were monitored via tracking apps and video training. To determine the effects of home training, measurements were taken before (March 2020) and after (June 2020) the home training period. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to determine body composition, and an isokinetic strength test and a treadmill step test, including lactate measurements, were used to measure physical performance. Two questionnaires were responded to in order to assess health-related quality of life [Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)] and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index).

Results

When comparing measurements before and after the home training period, we observed significant increases in the following variables: body weight (72.05 ± 6.96 kg vs. 73.50 ± 6.68 kg, p = 0.034), fat mass (11.99 ± 3.13 % vs. 13.98 ± 3.92 %, p = 0.030), body mass index (22.04 ± 0.85 kg/m2 vs. 22.49 ± 0.92 kg/m2, p = 0.049), and mental health component summary score (MCS) of the questionnaire SF-36 (53.95 ± 3.47 vs. 58.33 ± 4.50, p = 0.044). Scores on the general health (77.88 ± 14.56 vs. 89.75 ± 13.76, p = 0.025) and mental health (81.50 ± 9.30 vs. 90.00 ± 11.71, p = 0.018) subscales of the SF-36 also increased significantly.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 lockdown led to an increase in body composition parameters and showed an improvement in the MCS and scores on the general and mental health subscales of the SF-36. Physical performance and sleep quality could be maintained during the home training period. These observations may help trainers for future training planning during longer interruptions in soccer training.
Some Generalized Euclidean Operator Radius Inequalities
Authors: Alomari Mohammad W. , Shebrawi Khalid , Chesneau Christophe
Published: June 2022

In this work, some generalized Euclidean operator radius inequalities are established. Refinements of some well-known results are provided. Among others, some bounds in terms of the Cartesian decomposition of a given Hilbert space operator are proven.
Optical Fiber-Based Recording of Climbing Fiber Ca2+ Signals in Freely Behaving Mice
Authors: Tang Jiechang , Xue Rou , Wang Yan , Li Min , Jia Hongbo , Pakan Janelle M. P. , Li Longhui , Chen Xiaowei , Li Xingyi
Published: June 2022

The olivocerebellar circuitry is important to convey both motor and non-motor information from the inferior olive (IO) to the cerebellar cortex. Several methods are currently established to observe the dynamics of the olivocerebellar circuitry, largely by recording the complex spike activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells; however, these techniques can be technically challenging to apply in vivo and are not always possible in freely behaving animals. Here, we developed a method for the direct, accessible, and robust recording of climbing fiber (CF) Ca2+ signals based on optical fiber photometry. We first verified the IO stereotactic coordinates and the organization of contralateral CF projections using tracing techniques and then injected Ca2+ indicators optimized for axonal labeling, followed by optical fiber-based recordings. We demonstrated this method by recording CF Ca2+ signals in lobule IV/V of the cerebellar vermis, comparing the resulting signals in freely moving mice. We found various movement-evoked CF Ca2+ signals, but the onset of exploratory-like behaviors, including rearing and tiptoe standing, was highly synchronous with recorded CF activity. Thus, we have successfully established a robust and accessible method to record the CF Ca2+ signals in freely behaving mice, which will extend the toolbox for studying cerebellar function and related disorders.
Geospatial Fluid Milk Processing Preferences: Is Consumer Taste Perception the Key Factor?
Authors: Schalich Kasey M. , LaPierre Paul A. , Selvaraj Vimal
Published: June 2022

Consumption of ultrapasteurized milk is marked by extensive global variability; in the U.S. and U.K., less than 10% of fluid milk is marketed as ultrapasteurized, compared to >80% in France, Spain and Portugal. Fluid milk taste perception amongst U.S. consumers is that high-heat treatment of milk, as in ultrapasteurization, generates undesirable differences in taste compared to low-temperature/conventional pasteurized treatment. Although highly trained experts can distinguish characteristics in controlled studies, it remains unknown if general consumers can detect a difference or are subject to confirmation bias. In testing sensory perception in a defined untrained population, our findings indicate that the general consumer is unable to distinguish ultrapasteurized from pasteurized milk. On this basis, we conclude that presumptive “consumer taste perception” that speciously impacts fluid milk processing types in the U.S. market precludes noted benefits to ultrapasteurization not only in flexibility for storage and distribution, but also in reduction of public health risks.
Correction: Kasza et al. New, Spherical Solutions of Non-Relativistic, Dissipative Hydrodynamics. Entropy 2022, 24, 514
Authors: Kasza Gábor , Csernai László P. , Csörgő Tamás
Published: June 2022

In the original publication [...]
Response of the Ciliates Fabrea salina and Condylostoma sp. to Different Salinities and Microalgal Feeds
Authors: Hotos George N. , Touloupi Ioanna
Published: June 2022

In the quest of finding local strains of marine ciliates that can be easily cultured under a broad range of salinity and fed with microalgae, Fabrea salina Henneguy, 1890 and Condylostoma sp. Bory de St. Vincent, 1826 were cultured for 22 days in small volumes at a temperature of 16–18 °C and fed with flagellated microalgae. F. salina presented a clear preference for the salinity of 40 ppt and Condylostoma. sp. for 20 ppt. Rhodomonas salina Hill and Wetherbee, 1989 were the most efficient feeds, resulting in 30 ind./mL in F. salina and 73 ind./mL in Condylostoma. Dunaliella salina Teodoresco, 1905 and Nephroselmis sp. F. Stein, 1878 also resulted in considerable ciliate densities while Isochrysis galbana Parke, 1949 came last with the highest density in Condylostoma. The strain of Tetraselmis sp. F. Stein, 1878 (var. red pappas) which is transformed in immobilized palmelloid cells and the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae Hulburt, 1957, which is suspected of toxin production, were inappropriate for both ciliates. These ciliates can be easily cultured and can serve as useful organisms in bioassays and probably as live food in marine fish hatcheries.
Polyaniline Functionalized Peptide Self-Assembled Conductive Hydrogel for 3D Cell Culture
Authors: Li Jieling , Xue Yan , Wang Anhe , Tian Shaonan , Li Qi , Bai Shuo
Published: June 2022

The functionalization of self-assembled peptide hydrogel is of great importance to broaden its applications in the field of biomedicine. In this work, conductive hydrogel is fabricated by introducing conductive polymer polyaniline into peptide self-assembled hydrogel. Compared with pure peptide formed hydrogel, the conductive hydrogel exhibits enhanced conductivity, mechanical property and stability. In addition, the hydrogel is tested to be of great injectability and 3D bio-printability and could support the viability of encapsulated cells that are sensitive to electrical signals. It should have great application prospects in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds.
Impact of Hydrotherapy on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in an Elderly Population
Authors: Valado Ana , Fortes Stephanie , Morais Márcia , Barreira Rogério , Figueiredo João Paulo , Caseiro Armando
Published: June 2022

Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between reactive species and antioxidant agents. One of the effects of oxidative stress is the normal process of cellular aging that stems from the accumulation of tissue damage. Epidemiological studies show that regular physical exercise prevents the injuries caused by aging. The objective was to evaluate whether the practice of hydrotherapy, in an elderly population, positively influenced the activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase that act by reducing reactive species in the body. The study involved 37 participants aged ≥ 60 years, of both sexes, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed 15 hydrotherapy sessions. Enzyme activity was evaluated in two moments: T0-before the first session, and T1-after the last session, with blood collections conducted in both. In T1, there was a significant increase vs. T0 of glutathione peroxidase activity (57.72 ± 19.99 vs. 48.14 ± 17.22 U/g Hb) and glutathione reductase activity (100.18 ± 30.85 vs. 78.44 ± 21.26 U/L). Both sexes tended to show higher values at T1. We concluded that hydrotherapy proved to be a positive stimulus for the enzymatic antioxidant activity of the elderly, suggesting that a regular and moderate practice of physical exercise induces better and higher quality of life.
Modeling the Evolution of Major Storm-Disaster-Induced Accidents in the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry
Authors: Zhu Gaogeng , Chen Guoming , Zhu Jingyu , Meng Xiangkun , Li Xinhong
Published: June 2022

Storm disasters are the most common cause of accidents in offshore oil and gas industries. To prevent accidents resulting from storms, it is vital to analyze accident propagation and to learn about accident mechanism from previous accidents. In this paper, a novel risk analysis framework is proposed for systematically identifying and analyzing the evolution of accident causes. First, accident causal factors are identified and coded based on grounded theory (GT). Then, decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is integrated with interpretative structural modeling (ISM) to establish accident evolution hierarchy. Finally, complex networks (CN) are developed to analyze the evolution process of accidents. Compared to reported works, the contribution is threefold: (1) the demand for expert knowledge and personnel subjective influence are reduced through the data induction of accident cases; (2) the method of establishing influence matrix and interaction matrix is improved according to the accident frequency analysis; (3) a hybrid algorithm that can calculate multiple shortest paths of accident evolution under the same node pair is proposed. This method provides a new idea for step-by-step assessment of the accident evolution process, which weakens the subjectivity of traditional methods and achieves quantitative assessment of the importance of accident evolution nodes. The proposed method is demonstrated and validated by a case study of major offshore oil and gas industry accidents caused by storm disasters. Results show that there are five key nodes and five critical paths in the process of accident evolution. Through targeted prevention and control of these nodes and paths, the average shortest path length of the accident evolution network is increased by 35.19%, and the maximum global efficiency decreases by 20.12%. This indicates that the proposed method has broad applicability and can effectively reduce operational risk, so that it can guide actual offshore oil and gas operations during storm disasters.