bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wertstrom - Wertstrommethode - Wertstrommanagement
Authors: Lugert Andreas , Winkler Herwig
Published: June 2019

Der Wertstrom wird definiert als die Summe aller Wertobjekte. Die Wertstrommethode ist als elementarer Bestandteil des Toyota-Produktionssystems in produzierenden Unternehmen weit verbreitet. Im Fokus stehen dabei Gestaltung und Optimierung des Wertstroms. Durch systematische Anwendung der Methode werden Verschwendungen identifiziert, Optimierungspotentiale aufgedeckt und die Produktivität gesteigert. Aktuelle Herausforderungen im Produktionsumfeld machen zunehmend ein ganzheitliches Wertstrommanagement notwendig, um als Unternehmen wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben.
Design of a digital system for operational parameters simulation of IPR-R1 Triga nuclear research reactor
Authors: Lage Aldo Márcio Fonseca , Felippe Adriano Almeida Massaud , Mesquita Amir Zacarias
Published: June 2019

The instrumentation of nuclear reactors is designed based on the reliability, redundancy and diversification of control systems. The monitoring of the parameters is of crucial importance with regard to the operational efficiency and safety of the installation. Since the first criticality of a nuclear reactor, achieved by Fermi et al. in 1942, there has been concern about the reliable monitoring of the parameters involved in the chain reaction. This paper presents the current stage of the system of simulation, which is under development at the CDTN, which intends to simulate the operation of the Triga IPR-R1 nuclear reactor, involving the evolution of neutron flux and reactor power related events. The system will be developed using LabVIEW® software, using the modern concept of virtual instruments (VIs) that are visualized in a video monitor. For the implementation of this model, computational tools and systems analysis are necessary, which help and facilitate the implementation of the simulator. In this article we will show some of these techniques and the initial design of the model to be implemented. The design of a computational system is of great importance, since it guides in the implementation stages and generates the documentation for later maintenance and updating of the computational system. It is noteworthy that the innovations developed in research reactors are normally used in power reactors. The relatively low costs enable research reactors to be an excellent laboratory for developing techniques for future reactors.
Investigation of the behavior of solutions of differential systems with argument deviation
Authors: Vareh N. V. , Volfson O. Y. , Padalka O. A.
Published: June 2019

In this paper systems of differential equations with deviation of an argument with nonlinearity of general form in each equation are considered. The asymptotic properties of solutions of systems with a pair and odd number of equations on an infinite time interval are studied
Optimization of the boundary conditions of an inhomogeneous biharmonic equation
Authors: Voloshko V. L.
Published: June 2019

Mathematical model construction of complicate physical phenomenon often leads to the setting and solving problems of parameters optimal control in differential equations in partial derivatives. Chosen equation with boundary and initial conditions is usually mathematical model basis of the object, which is under analysis. Optimal control of right-hand side function in non-linear problem for inhomogeneous biharmonic has been investigated. With the help of various gradient methods the problems of parameters control in such equations are solved successfully. Herewith linear problem is solved with the potential method on every step. In this work biharmonic potentials with logarithmic singularity are under consideration. That is why parameters optimization in these problems are conducted together with elimination of their incorrectness. It should be noted that system optimal control problems, described with biharmonic equations in irregular shape region, are studied poorly. Therefore the object of investigation is one of boundary conditions for inhomogeneous biharmonic equation. The circumstance which complicated the problem was irregularity of function domain. Clearly that this problem can be solved with computational mathematics methods. Without precise solution of linear problem, it is impossible to use gradient method, build converging iterative process, and obtain precise solution of optimization problem. Algorithm for linear boundary value problem solution with boundary integral equations overcomes this problem successfully. Physical examples of numerical implementation have been presented, analysis of obtained solutions have been conducted. Their accuracy, algorithm simplicity and time spent evidence about this approach promising for practical results obtaining in plate theory and mathematical physics problems successful numerical solving
Algorithm for solving one problem of optimal partition with fuzzy parameters in the target functional
Authors: Kiselova O. M. , Prytomanova O. M. , Zhuravel S. V. , Sharavara V. V.
Published: June 2019

The mathematical theory of optimal set partitioning (OSP) of the n-dimensional Eu-clidean space, which has been formed for todays, is the field of the modern theory of opti-mization, namely, the new section of non-classical infinite-dimensional mathematical pro-gramming. The theory is built based on a single, theoretically defined approach that sum up initial infinitedimensional optimization problems in a certain way (with the function of Lagrange) to nonsmooth, usually, finite-dimensional optimization problems, where lat-est numerical nondifferentiated optimization methods may be used - various variants r-algorithm of N.Shor, that was developed in V. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the Na-tional Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. For now, the number of directions have been formed in the theory of continuous tasks of OSP, which are defined with different types of mathematical statements of partitioning problems, as well as various spheres of its application. For example, linear and nonlinear, single-product and multiproduct, deterministic and stochastic, in the conditions of com-plete and incomplete information about the initial data, static and dynamic tasks of the OSP without limitations and with limitations, both with the given position of the centers of subsets, and with definition the optimal variant of their location. Optimal set partitioning problems in uncertainty are the least developed for today is the direction of this theory, in particular, tasks where a number of parameters are fuzzy, inaccurate, or there are insuffi-cient mathematical description of some dependencies in the model. Such models refer to the fuzzy OSP problems, and special solutions and methods are needed to solve them. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for solving a continuous linear single-product problem of optimal set partitioning of n-dimensional Euclidean spaces Еn into a subset with searching of coordinates of the centers of these subsets with restrictions in the form of equalities and inequalities where target function has fuzzy parameters. The algorithm is built based on the application of neuro-fuzzy technologies and N.Shor r-algorithm
Solving an infinite-dimensional problem of location-allocation with fuzzy parameters
Authors: Kiselova O. M. , Prytomanova O. M. , Zhuravel S. V. , Sharavara V. V.
Published: June 2019

The problem of enterprises location with the simultaneous allocation of this region, coninuously filled by consumers, into consumer areas, where each of them is served by one enterprise, in order to minimize transportation and production costs, in the mathematical definition, are illustrated as infinite-dimensional optimal set partitioning problems (OSP) in non-intersecting subsets with the placement of centers of these subsets. A wide range of methods and algorithms have been developed to solve practical tasks of location-allocation, both finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional. However, infinite-dimensional location-allocation problems are significantly complicated in uncertainty, in particular case when a number of their parameters are fuzzy, inaccurate, or an unreliable mathematical description of some dependencies in the model is false. Such models refer to the fuzzy OSP tasks, and special solutions and methods are needed to solve them. This pa-per is devoted to the solution of an infinite-dimensional problem of location-allocation with fuzzy parameters, which in mathematical formulation are defined as continuous line-ar single-product problem of n-dimensional Euclidean space Еn optimal set partitioning into a subset with the search for the coordinates of the centers of these subsets with con-straints in the form of equalities and inequalities whose target functionality has fuzzy pa-rameters. The software to solve the illustrated problem was developed. It works on the ba-sis of neuron-fuzzy technologies with r-algorithm of Shore application. The object-oriented programming language C# and the Microsoft Visual Studio development envi-ronment were used. The results for a model-based problem of location-allocation with fuzzy parameters obtained in developed software are presented. The results comparison for the solution to solve the infinite-dimensional problem of location-allocation with de-fined parameters and for the case where some parameters of the problem are inaccurate, fuzzy or their mathematical description is false
Investigation of the robustness of solutions of the problem of transport routing
Authors: Magas O. S. , Sergeev O. S.
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the problem which is of relevance nowadays: vehicle routing problem. This problem is considered in order to reduce delivery costs of the distributor. The solution of this problem allows to optimize and reorganize structure of the company and decrease using of recourses. The model of the vehicle routing problem, i. e. the use of different approaches, tools and algorithms to obtain a better result is investigated. Divid-ing this problem on subproblems gives opportunity for using different approaches in solving vehicle routing problem. The algorithm for solving the vehicle routing problem is proposed. The main idea of this algorithm is to use agglomerative clustering, tabu search, and union of the clusters sequentially. The program module for every method is devel-oped. There is an opportunity to make use of parallel computing, as a result of clustering-based approach. The proposed algorithm of the vehicle routing problem is checked with solving a real problem. Problem location is defined in Dnipro city. The visualization of every step of solving is presented as combining Google Maps API and JavaScript in web implementation. The quasi-optimal solution of the considered problem is obtained and its robustness is checked. The critical values which lead to rapid increase in the transporta-tion cost is found. Randomly data perturbation is also tested. Graphical implementation for every test is considered to create applied interpretation of results. Research results can be applied to obtain a solution to the vehicle routing problem and reduce delivery costs of the distributor. The idea of creating an interface for software, the use of other clustering algorithms, introduction of another algorithm of union of the clusters, and the use of dif-ferent approaches for checking the robustness of vehicle routing problem solution is considered as a further research
Mathematical modeling of film flow of a liquid on a surface of a body of a rotation
Authors: Tonkoshkur I. S.
Published: June 2019

The problem of the spatial nonwave stationary flow of the viscoplastic fluid on the surface of the body of rotation under the action of gravity is considered. It is assumed that the axis of the body is located at a certain angle to the vertical, and the film of liquid flows down from its top. A curvilinear orthogonal coordinate system (ξ, η, ζ) associated with the body surface is introduced: ξ is the coordinate along the generatrix of the body, η is the polar angle in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the body of revolution, ζ is the dis-tance along the normal to the surface. To describe the flow of a liquid film, a viscous in-compressible fluid model is used, which is based on partial differential equations - the equations of motion and continuity. The following boundary conditions are used: sticking conditions on the solid surface; on the surface separating liquid and gas, the conditions for continuity of stresses and normal component of the velocity vector. For the closure of a system of differential equations, the Schulman rheological model is used, which is a gener-alization of the Ostwald-de-Ville power model and the Shvedov-Bingham viscoplastic model. To simplify the system of differential equations, the small parameter method is used. The small parameter is the relative film thickness. It is assumed that the generalized Reynolds number has an order equal to one. The solution of the equations of continuity and motion (taking into account the principal terms of the expansion) was obtained in an analytical form. The obtained formulas for the components of the velocity and pressure vector generalize the known relations for flat surfaces. To determine the unknown film thickness, an initial-boundary value problem was formulated for a first-order partial differential equation. The solution to this problem is found with the help of the finite difference method. The results of calculations according to the proposed method for the circular cone located at a certain angle to the vertical are presented. Calculations show that the parameters of nonlinearity and plasticity of this rheological model of a liquid can significantly affect the speed profiles and the distribution of the thickness of the viscous layer on the surface of the body
Simulation of the flow of a two-layer liquid film on a cylindrical surface
Authors: Tonkoshkur I. S. , Zaytseva T. E.
Published: June 2019

The problem of a stationary joint flow of a two-layer liquid film and gas along the outer (or inner) surface of a circular cylinder of radius r0 is considered. It is assumed that the films are insoluble in one another, and there are no chemical reactions. The axis of the body is located vertically, and the films flow down from its top. The film is affected by gravity, as well as a gas stream directed upwards or downwards. A cylindrical coordinate system (r, θ, z) is introduced: the z coordinate is measured along the axis of the cylinder, r and θ are the polar coordinates in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the body. To describe the flow of a liquid film, a viscous incompressible fluid model is used, which is based on the equations of continuity and Navier-Stokes. The following boundary conditions are set on the interface surfaces: on the solid surface - draw off “sticking”, on the “liquid-liquid” and “liquid-gas” interfacial surfaces - the conditions of equilibrium of forces and continuity of speeds. To simplify these differential equations, the method of a small parameter, for which the relative thickness of the films is selected, is applied. Solutions of simplified equations (in a zero approximation) are obtained in analytical form. Functional dependences are obtained for calculating the optimal effect of the gas flow on the "working" film. In accordance with the described method, calculations of the flow of a two-layer film on the outer and inner surfaces of the circular cylinder are performed in cases where the gas stream is directed upwards, downwards , and also when the gas flow is absent. An increase in the relative thicknesses of the films δ1 and δ2 (with decreasing radius of the cylinder r0) leads to an increase in deviations from the case of a plane surface that corresponds to the limiting case δ1 = δ2 = 0. The results of calculations of the flow of a two-layer liquid film on the surface of a circular cylinder are presented. The analysis of the influence of physical parameters on the speed profiles is carried out. The results of calculations for determining the optimal effect of gas flow on a liquid film are presented, when the profile of the speed of the "working" film is the most uniform
Investigation of the estimates of the length of parallel alignment of the vertices of the graph
Authors: Turchina V. A. , Karavaev K. D.
Published: June 2019

A number of practical tasks require minimizing the human and material resources that are involved in tasks or time expenditures. A special place in this class of problems is occupied by theoretical problems that have a broad practical application, which belong to a class of discrete optimization problems. When minimizing time expenditures in such problems the question of determining the optimal sequencing of execution of a finite set of works (tasks, operations, projects, etc.) is raised. This sequencing can be linear, circular or parallel. The latter is considered by the authors. This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the problems of discrete optimization, which belongs to the class of problems of the scheduling theory, and, taking into account its specificity, can be considered as an optimization graph problem. Specifically, in terms of the theory of graphs, the problem of finding a parallel sequencing of vertices of a given graph of minimum length, in which at each place there is no more than a given fixed number of vertices, is under consideration. Since this problem is NP-hard, its exact solution can be found by using one of the methods that implements state search scheme. The authors investigated the impact of the accuracy of the estimation of the length of optimal sequencing on the rate of finding the solution by using one of the most common methods, namely the branch and bound method. As a result, an improved lower-bound estimate of time expenditures was obtained and an upper-bound estimate was proposed. The latter was used to justify the relationship of the problem under consideration with the inverse one. Also, on the basis of the computational experiment results were obtained that refuted the a priori consideration about the impact of the accuracy of the estimation on the rate of finding the exact solution by using the branch and bound method
Application of the genetic algorithm to the task of compiling the curriculum
Authors: Turchina V. A. , Tanasienko D. O.
Published: June 2019

One of the main tasks in organizing the educational process in higher education is the drawing up of a schedule of classes. It reflects the weekly student and faculty load. At the same time, when compiling, there are a number of necessary conditions and a number of desirable. The paper considers seven required and four desirable conditions. In this paper, one of the well-known approaches that can be used in drawing up a curriculum is consid-ered. The proposed scheme of the genetic algorithm, the result of which is to obtain an approximate solution to the problem of scheduling with the need to further improve it by other heuristic methods. To solve the problem, an island model of the genetic algorithm was selected and its advantages were considered. In the paper, the author's own structure of the individual, which includes chromosomes in the form of educational groups and genes as a lesson at a certain time, is presented and justified. The author presents his own implementations of the genetic algorithms. During the work, many variants of operators were tested, but they were rejected due to their inefficiency. The biggest problem was to maintain the consistency of information encoded in chromosomes. Also, two post-steps were added: to try to reduce the number of teacher conflict conflicts and to normalize the schedule - to remove windows from the schedule. The fitness function is calculated according to the following principles: if some desired or desired property is present in the individual, then a certain number is deducted from the individual's assessment, if there is a negative property, then a certain number is added to the assessment. Each criterion has its weight, so the size of the fine or rewards may be different. In this work, fines were charged for non-fulfillment of mandatory conditions, and rewards for fulfilling the desired
Analysis and Сlassifiсatiоn оf the Main Faсtоrs Determining Mоdern Internatiоnal Connections оf Regiоns оf States
Authors: Kоlykhalоv Maxim I.
Published: June 2019

Intrоduсtiоn. International connections of regions are a dynamic category that is influenced by a whole range of factors related to the geopolitical position of the country, its ethnic composition, and the current political situation in the world. Therefore, the study of this issue is of considerable relevance. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and classify the factors that determine the modern international connections of regions of states.

Materials and Methods. Modern works by leading scientists and the current legal framework in the field of international connections of regions of states were used as materials of the study. The systematic analysis, structural and functional analysis, specific historical analysis as well as political and legal analysis formed the methodological basis.

Results. The author has analyzed the factors determining the modern international connections of regions of states, compiled a classification of these factors. The main groups of factors determining the international connections of regions of states have been identified: the form of government and features of the implementation of regional powers in international cooperation, geopolitical factors, factors of socio-economic development, factors of special types of regions of states in international cooperation, confessional factors, and ethnic factors. Based on the modern scientific knowledge and the relevant legal framework, it has been identified that the form of government structure determines the powers of regions in international cooperation and is a major factor in the international connections of regions.

Discussion and Conclusion. Analysis and classification of the factors determining the modern international connections of regions of states make it possible to contribute to the assessment of the current state of Russia’s international connections. The results of the study can be used by the relevant authorities when determining new areas of development of international connections of Russia’s regions.
The Neural Network Analysis of Normality of Small Samples of Biometric Data through Using the Chi-Square Test and Anderson–Darling Criteria
Authors: Volchikhin Vladimir I. , Ivanov Aleksandr I. , Bezyaev Alexander V. , Kupriyanov Evgeniy N.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. The aim of the work is to reduce the requirements to test sample size when testing the hypothesis of normality.
Materials and Methods. A neural network generalization of three well-known statistical criteria is used: the chi-square criterion, the Anderson–Darling criterion in ordinary form, and the Anderson–Darling criterion in logarithmic form.
Results. The neural network combining of the chi-square criterion and the Anderson–Darling criterion reduces the sample size requirements by about 40 %. Adding a third neuron that reproduces the logarithmic version of the Andersоn–Darling test leads to a small decrease in the probability of errors by 2 %. The article deals with single-layer and multilayer neural networks, summarizing many currently known statistical criteria.
Discussion and Conclusion. An assumption has been made that an artificial neuron can be assigned to each of the known statistical criteria. It is necessary to change the attitude to the synthesis of new statistical criteria that previously prevailed in the 20th century. There is no current need for striving to create statistical criteria for high power. It is much more advantageous trying to ensure that the data of newly synthesized statistical criteria are low correlated with many of the criteria already created.
Cooperative Motion of Electrons on the Graphene Surface
Authors: Yudenkov Aleksey V. , Volodchenkov Aleksandr M. , Iudenkova Maria A.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Today, the development of the graphene theory to control its physical and mechanical properties is a relevant objective. The paper deals with the conducting properties of graphene. In particular, the paper investigates the linear law of electron dispersion and traces its corollaries.
Materials and Methods. The development of the theory is based on the verified experimental data and on the foundamental principles of the solid body theory and quantum mechanics. The study follows the universal synergetic principle according to which, there have been developed two split-level mathematical models of the quasi-particle motion in graphene on exposure to the electric field. On the macroscopic level, we suggest that graphene should be analyzed as a crystal consisting of three parallel planes. Two of them are electron gas. The remaining one is the main body of the crystal. On the microscopic level, the quasi-particle motion of the electron wave is described through the Schroedinger equation.
Results. The study has developed the alternative method for the explanation of the linear dispersion law in graphene on the macroscopic level. Basing on the analysis of the model, the paper provides a hypothesis of the cooperative motion of the electron pairs, which make up a boson particle. The given hypothesis is different from the traditional one. In accordance with the latter, quasi-particles in graphene are Dirac fermions. To prove the hypothesis consilience, the study examines Hall’s effect in grapheme. The linear dispersion law for a pair of electrons is also deduced from the Schroedinger equation. Both the macroscopic and microscopic models are in a reasonable agreement with the experimental data.
Discussion and Conclusion. The main result of the research is the development of the multi-level mathematical model which properly features the conducting properties of graphene (linear dispersion law, anomalous Hall effect). The practical relevance consists in revealing the possibility to control the conducting properties of graphene through impacts on electron pairs.
Technological Properties of Radish
Authors: Ashitko Andrey A. , Gavrish Evgeny A. , Nesmiyan Andrey Yu. , Kolesnik Ruslan Yu.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. When cultivating root crops, harvesting is one of the most important operations. In industrial production, the technique for harvesting beets, carrots, black radishes, chicory, etc. is widely known, except for radishes, which differ significantly in the sowing scheme, maturation periods, and in physical and mechanical properties of the plants. In the study dealing with the development of small-scale mechanization for harvesting radishes, the authors made a determination of basic physical and mechanical properties of this plant.
Materials and Methods. The study was conducted for the two radish varieties (Celeste and Belokrayka), typical for the Southern and North Caucasus federal districts of Russia. In doing so, the known methods were used to determine the size, mass and frictional characteristics of radishes.
Results. It was established that the Celeste radishe was 1.2–2.1 times larger than the Belokrayka radish and 1.8–2.8 times heavier. The weight of the radish roots (10...28 g.) in the total mass of the plant was 52–90 %, and the weight was 0.5–0.6 %. The average diameter of the radish roots was 26.7–34 mm, with a coefficient of variation (V) about 13–14 %, radish root height was 29–45 mm (at V ≈ 18–20 %). A direct correlation between all the dimensions considered was found. The coefficient of the static friction of radish roots with unpainted steel was 0.63–0.66, the movement was 0.44–0.58. Frictional characteristics of the stems of the radish leaves were 1.25 times higher on the average. The diameter of the bundle of stems at the proposed cut end was 9–12 mm.
Discussion and Conclusion. In general, the physical and mechanical characteristics of radishes depend significantly on their variety, maturity, freshness and other factors, so the results of the study vary significantly. Nevertheless, they can be used as primary information for designing radish harvesting machines.
The Method of Calculating Cut Length for Flail and Double Chop Forage Harvesters
Authors: Belov Mikhail I.
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Many studies show that the chopped feed quality depends on the plants chopping quality. The quality of plant chopping, provided by a forage harvester, is defined by particle length distribution. It is important to find the theoretical basis of grass chopping regimes for making haylage and other kinds of feeds. The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm and techniques to assess the quality of plant chopping based on mathematical models of chopping with the flail and double chop forage harvesters.
Materials and Methods. Mathematical models of a flail type unit and double chop unit were presented and used to develop the algorithms and method of calculating the cut length distribution.
Results. The algorithms and computation methods of cut length distribution were presented for a flail type unit and a double chop unit. The effect of the plant height, the height of cut, feed and the average length of cut on the mass fraction of particles within the specified ranges of lengths were investigated.
Discussion and Conclusion. A flail forage harvester is not able to harvest the grass crops for making haylage with 45–75 % forage particles, the length of which is in the range from 8 mm to 19 mm. A double chop forage harvester allows harvesting the grass crops for making haylage only when auger angular velocity and/or flywheel or cylinder drum angular velocity is regulated. A double chop device can be used to chop plants for preparation of various forages if auger angular velocity and/or flywheel or cylinder drum’s angular velocity is regulated.
Chula Formula sebagai Prediktor Ketepatan Kedalaman Endotracheal Tube pada Intubasi Nasotracheal
Authors: Sandy Akhmad Rhesa , Indriasari Indriasari , Sitanggang Ruli Herman
Published: June 2019

Intubasi nasotrakeal adalah salah satu metode yang umum digunakan pada operasi intraoral dan maksilofasial yang memiliki keunggulan untuk menyediakan akses yang lebih baik. Hal yang menjadi perhatian utama ketika memasukkan endotracheal tube (ETT) adalah penempatan yang tepat dan sesuai sehingga menghindari komplikasi akibat malposisi ETT. Fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) adalah cara yang paling pasti untuk menilai penempatan ujung ETT karena menyediakan visualisasi secara langsung sehingga dapat mengukur penempatan ETT yang ideal, tetapi FOB tidak selalu tersedia di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bermaksud menilai kesesuaian Chula formula, yaitu rumus yang menggunakan tinggi badan untuk menempatkan ETT pada posisi yang tepat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik yang dilakukan secara prospektif pada 59 subjek penelitian di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2018. Subjek diintubasi nasotrakeal dengan kedalaman ETT dihitung menggunakan Chula formula, kemudian jarak ujung ETT ke carina dinilai menggunakan FOB. Hasil uji statistik dengan Guilford dan Spearman didapatkan nilai r 0,933 dan p 0,0001 yang menunjukkan kesesuaian yang sangat kuat pada Chula formula untuk menempatkan ETT pada kedalaman yang tepat. Simpulan, Chula formula dapat memprediksi kedalaman ETT dengan tepat pada intubasi nasotrakeal.Chula Formula as a Predictor for Correct Endotracheal Tube Placement for Nasotracheal IntubationNasotracheal intubation is a common method which provides better access for intraoral and maxillofacial operations. The main concern when inserting an endotracheal tube (ETT) is the correct and appropriate placement as there are many complications develop due to ETT malposition. A Fiberoptic Bronchoscope (FOB) is the best way to assess the placement of the tip of the ETT for it provides a direct visualization to measure the ideal ETT placement; however, it is not always readily available in hospitals. This study aims to assess the compatibility of Chula formula, a formula that utilizes height to determine the correct ETT placement. This study was a prospective analytical study on 59 research subjects in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from July to August 2018. The subjects were nasotracheally intubated with the ETT depth measured using the Chula formula, afterwards the distance from the tip of the ETT to the carina was assessed using an FOB. The results from Guilford and Spearman’s were an r value of 0.933 and a p value of 0.0001, showing a statistically significant conformation of the Chula formula in correct ETT placement. It is concluded that Chula formula can be used as a predictor for correct ETT placement in nasotracheal intubation.
Prediction of relative density of carbonate soil by way of a dynamic cone penetration test
Authors: Lin L. , Li S. , Liu X. L. , Chen W. W.
Published: June 2019

Relative density is an important parameter in geotechnical engineering and the dynamic cone penetration test has been widely used for its assessment. The currently established relationships between the dynamic penetration index and relative density might not be suitable for carbonate sediments due to their unique engineering properties. Therefore, 18 dynamic cone penetration model tests were conducted for carbonate coarse-grained soils. Simultaneously, 18 other laboratory model tests for quartz soils with similar gradations were carried out for comparison. The test results indicate that under the same relative density, the dynamic penetration index of carbonate coarse-grained soils is lower than that of quartz soils. In addition, the particle size and gradation of soils exert a greater influence on the dynamic penetration index of carbonate coarse-grained soils. Based on the test results and considering the influence factors mentioned above, two relationships between the dynamic penetration index and relative density are presented for carbonate and quartz soils, and these relationships could be used to evaluate the properties of soil backfills and base materials.
Predictors of early cardiac changes in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: an echocardiography-based study
Authors: Šuran David , Kanič Vojko , Naji Franjo , Krajnc Igor , Čokolič Miro , Zemljič Eva , Sinkovič Andreja
Published: June 2019

In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) imaging studies have demonstrated an increased prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and increased left ventricular mass (LVM) unrelated to arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease. The aim of our study was to identify potential predictors of early subclinical changes in cardiac chamber size and function in such patients. Sixty-one middle-aged asymptomatic normotensive patients with T1DM were included in the study. Conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography was performed and fasting serum levels of glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipids, and creatinine were measured. We found moderate bivariate correlations of body mass index (BMI) with left atrial volume (r = 0.47, p < 0.01), LVM (r = 0.42, p < 0.01), left ventricular relative wall thickness (r = 0.32, p = 0.01), and all observed parameters of diastolic function of both ventricles. The five-year average value of HbA1c weakly correlated with the Doppler index of left ventricular filling pressure E/e´sept (r = 0.27, p = 0.04). We found no significant association of diabetes duration, five-year trend of HbA1c, serum lipids, and glomerular filtration rate with cardiac structure and function. After adjusting for other parameters, BMI remained significantly associated with left atrial volume, LVM as well as with the transmitral Doppler ratio E/A. In our study, BMI was the only observed parameter significantly associated with subclinical structural and functional cardiac changes in the asymptomatic middle-aged patients with T1DM.
Studying Root System Architecture changes in tomato (S.lycopersicum and S.pimpinellifolium) in response to stress v1
Authors: M Julkowska Magdalena
Published: June 2019

This is a simple protocol, adapted from the Arabidopsis protocol (https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.zkqf4vw) for studying salt-stress induced changes in Root System Architecture in tomato species. This protocol uses the in-vitro culture to germinate and grow the tomato seedlings and observe (relatively fast) changes in response to stress and how they affect RSA.
The Black identity, hair product use, and breast cancer scale v1
Authors: Teteh Dede , Ericson Marissa , Monice Sabine , Dawkins-Moultin Lenna , Bahadorani Nasim , Clark Phyllis , Mitchell Eudora , S. Treviño Lindsey , Llanos Adana , Kittles Rick , Montgomery Susanne
Published: June 2019

Across the African Diaspora, hair is synonymous with identity. As such, Black women use a variety of hair products, which often contain more endocrine-disrupting chemicals than products used by women of other races. An emerging body of research is linking chemicals in hair products to breast cancer, but there is no validated instrument that measures constructs related to hair, identity, and breast health. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Black Identity, Hair Product Use, and Breast Cancer Scale (BHBS) in a diverse sample of Black women to measure the social and cultural constructs associated with Black women’s hair product use and perceived breast cancer risk. Methods: Participants completed a 27-item scale that queried perceptions of identity, hair products, and breast cancer risk. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were conducted to establish the underlying factor structure, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to determine model fit. Results: Participants (n = 185) were African American (73%), African, and Caribbean Black women (27%) aged 29 to 64. PCA yielded two factors that accounted for 61% of total variance. Five items measuring sociocultural perspectives about hair and identity loaded on Factor 1 and accounted for 32% of total variance (α= 0.82; 95% CI = 0.77-0.86). Six items assessing perceived breast cancer risk related to hair product use loaded on Factor 2 and accounted for 29% of total variance (α= 0.82 (95% CI =0.74-0.86). CFA confirmed the two-factor structure (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation= 0.03; Comparative Fit Index= 0.91; Tucker Lewis Index = 0.88). Conclusions: The BHBS is a valid measure of social and cultural constructs associated with Black women’s hair product use and perceived breast cancer risk. This scale is useful for studies that assess cultural norms in the context of breast cancer risk for Black women.
GG2 - CRISPR-Cas9 episome cloning using red-blue screening for Phaeodactylum tricornutum v1
Authors: Moosburner Mark , E Allen Andrew
Published: June 2019

To ensure Cas9 activity upon episomal transformation, the 3’ end of the Cas9 coding sequencing was transcriptionally fused to an antibiotic selectable marker, shble, by the 2A peptide. The Cas9-2A-shble construct was cloned into a Phaeodactylum episome that included a bacterial expression cassette for a red fluorescent protein (RFP). The RFP was also flanked by two BsaI restriction digest sites. The RFP vector with Cas9 was used as a cloning vector to assembly one or more sgRNA Phaeodactylum expression cassettes and a single LacZ bacterial expression cassette in place of the RFP. Upon successful assembly, the correct colonies appear blue on selective agar plates while incorrect colonies appear either red or colorless. The golden gate assembly protocol used to synthesize the episome (g51092-2, g24739-A) is as follows:
Agar Plate Preparation v2
Authors: Crowley Andrew
Published: June 2019

Default scale - 1 L (makes approx. 2.5 sleeves of plates)
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEMAMPUAN GURU DALAM MELAKUKAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN BELAJAR DENGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Ramdhayani Azmi Noor , Agustin Mubiar , Mariyata Rita
Published: June 2019

Abstrak  :  The  Relationship  Between  the  Ability  of  Teachers  in  Managing  the Learning  Environment  to  Early  Childhood  Learning  Motivation. This  study  aims to determine the  relationship between the ability of teachers in managing the learning environment to early childhood learning motivation.  This research using correlational. The  study  subjects  were  13  teachers.  Data  collection  techniques  in  this  research thorough  a  questionnaire  containing  the  ability  of  techers  in  managing  the  laerning environment  and  a  questionnaire  about  the  child’s  learning  motivation.  The  data analisys  technique  used  quantitative  desciptive  data  analysis  with  several  stages including  the  validation  peocess,  realibilitas,  correlation  analysis  and  conclusion.  The results showed a 100%  ability of techers in managing the learning environment in both categories.  Both  the  magnitude  of  correlation  0,584  so  it  can  be  concluded  there  is  a positive  relationship  between  the  ability  of  teachers  in  managing  the  learning environment to the children’s learning motivation. Recommendations given to teachers, teachers  are  expected  to  further  enhance  their  ability  to  manage  the  learning environment  because  it  is  not  directly  the  ability  of  techers  in  managing  the  learning environment influence the creation of early childhood’s learning motivation.Abstrak:  Hubungan  Antara  Kemampuan  Guru  dalam  Melakukan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Belajar dengan Motivasi Belajar Anak Usia Dini. Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  hubungan  antara  kemampuan  guru dalam melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan belajar dengan motivasi belajar anak usia  dini.  penelitian  ini  menggunakan  metode  korelasional.  Subjek  penelitian berjumlah 13 orang guru. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu melalui  angket  yang  berisi  kemampuan  guru  dalam  melakukan  pengelolaan lingkungan  belajar  dan  angket  mengenai  motivasi  belajar  anak.  teknik  analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dengan beberapa tahapan  diantaranya  adalah  proses  validasi,  reliabilitas,  analisis  korelasi,  dan penarikan  kesimpulan.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan  100%  kemampuan  guru dalam  melakukan  pengelolaan  lingkungan  belajar  dalam  kategori  baik,  dan 100%  motivasi  belajar  anak  usia  dini  dalam  kategori  baik.  Besarnya  korelasi keduanya    yaitu  sebesar  0,854    sehingga  dapat  disimpulkan  terdapat  hubungan yang positif  antara kemampuan guru dalam melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan belajar  dengan  motivasi  belajar  anak.  Rekomendasi  yang  diberikan  untuk  guru yaitu  guru  diharapkan  lebih  meningkatkan  lagi  kemampuan  guru  dalam melakukan  pengelolaan  lingkungan  belajar  karena  secara  tidak  langsung kemampuan  guru  dalam  melakukan  pengelolaan  lingkungan  belajar  ikut mempengaruhi terciptanya motivasi belajar anak.
KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Afriliani Ajeng Teni Nur , Setiasih Ocih , Nugraha Ali
Published: June 2019

Abstrak  :  Parental  Involvement  in  Improving  Reading  AbilityThe  aim  of  this research is to know the parental involvement in improving the children abilityin Cikole regency  of  Sukabumi.  The  reseach  method  used  is  descriptive  survey  by communicative approach. The population of the reseach are the parents whose children are  studying  in  group  B  of  the  kindergarden  in  Cikole  regency  of  Sukabumi,  the technique of this sample is simple random sampling. Beside that collecting data is as an instrument. The result of this reseach show that the parental imvolment in this region is middle.  1).  The  paarental  involvement  position  in  children  ability,  2)  the  parental involvement  reseach  in  improving  reading  ability,  3)  the  parents  support  to  improve their  children  reading  ability,  and  4)  the  parental  involvement  obstacle  in  improving reading  ability.  The  recommendations  are  parents  should  more  active  and  focus  in improving  their  reading  interest.  The  teachers  should  collaborate  with  the  parents  for the next researcher should be able to do the reseach with the different method.  Abstrak :  keterlibatan  orang  tua  dalam  mengembangkan  kemampuan  membaca pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran keterlibatan orang dalam mengembangkan kemampuan membaca pada anak usia dini di Kecamatan Cikole  Kota  Sukabumi.  Metode  penelitian  yang  digunakan  adalah  survey  deskriptif dengan  menggunakan  pendekatan  kuantitatif.  Populasi  penelitian  ini  adalah  orang  tua yang  menyekolahkan  anak  di  taman  kanak-kanak  kelompok  B  se-Kecamatan  Cikole Kota  Sukabumi  dengan  jumlah  sampel  234  orang  tua.  Teknik  pengambilan  sampel dilakukan  dengan  menggunakan  teknik  Simple  Random  Sampling.  Istrumen  yang digunakan  dalam  pengumpulan  data  berupa  kuesioner  keterlibatan  orang  tua  yang dikembangkan  sendiri  oleh  peneliti.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukan  bahwa  keterlibatan orang  tua  di  kecamatan  Cikole  kota  Sukabumi  dalam  mengembangkan  kemampuan membaca pada anak usia dini sebagian besar berada pada kategori sedang dilihat dari segi  1)  Posisi  keterlibatan  orang  tua  dalam  mengembangkan  kemampuan  membaca anak usia dini, 2) Alasan terkait kemampuan orang tua terlibat dalam mengembangkan kemampuan membaca anak usia dini, 3) Bentuk usaha yang dilakukan orang tua dalam mengembangkan kemampuan membaca anak usia dini, dan 4) Hambatan yang dihadapi orang  tua  dalam  mengembangkan  kemampuan  membaca  anak.  Rekomendasi  bagi orang  tua  hendaknya  lebih  aktif  dan  fokus  dalam  mengembangkan  kemampuan membaca  pada  anak.  Bagi  guru  PAUD  diharapkan  dapat  berkolaborasi  dengan  orang tua dalam mengembangkan kemampuan membaca pada anak. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya yang  meneliti  dengan  topik  yang  sama,  dapat  melakukan  penelitian  menggunakan metode yang berbeda.
KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MENGINAP PADA HOTEL BERBINTANG DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA (Survey Pelanggan Pada Hotel Bintang Tiga, Empat dan Lima Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)
Authors: Sutomo Maskuri
Published: June 2019

Yogyakarta merupakan lahan yang strategis bagi perkembangan sektor industri jasa, khususnya hotel sebagai sarana akomodasi bagi turis. Pertumbuhan wisatawan baik mancanegara maupun domestik yang datang menggunakan jasa akomodasi hotel berbintang semakin meningkat di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, semakin banyak wisatawan yang nginap di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, akan semakin tinggi pendapatan yang akan diperoleh, karena hampir sepertiga dari uang saku mereka akan dialokasikan kepada urusan akomodasi. Situasi persaingan yang ketat dalam industri perhotelan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta telah menyebabkan perusahaan-perusahaan sulit untuk meningkatkan jumlah pelanggan. Hasil pra survei mengindikasikan bahwa pelanggan hotel bintang dua dan lima lebih merasakan manfaat sosial, fungsional dan emosional dibandingkan pengorbanannya dalam mengkonsumsi layanan hotel berbintang di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Peningkatan kualitas layanan yang diberikan kepada pelanggan dimungkinkan dapat mengurangi kegagalan pelayanan dan memberikan kepuasan. Bila hal tersebut dapat diwujudkan maka pelanggan senantiasa akan mengkonsumsi dan berperilaku positif terhadap jasa tersebut.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ilmu manajemen pemasaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian survei, yaitu penelitian yang menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat pengumpulan data yang pokok. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah pelanggan atau tamu hotel yang menginap pada hotel berbintang di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Unit obeservasi dalam penelitian adalah pelanggan yang menginap pada hotel bintang tiga, empat dan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hotel bintang tiga, empat dan lima di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta berjumlah 17 buah.Hotel bintang tiga empat dan lima di Daerah Istimewa Yoyakarta belum memberikan kepuasan pelanggan yang maksimal. Hal ini ditunjukkan lebih tingginya harapan pelanggan  terhadap kontak personal, fasilitas fisik pendukung dan peralatan dibandingkan kinerja yang dirasakan oleh pelanggan.