bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant hysterectomy following primary chemoradiation for stage IB2 and IIA2 cervical cancer: a retrospective comparison of complications for open versus minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Miller Heather , Matsuo Koji , Roman Lynda D. , Yessaian Annie A. , Pham Huyen Q. , Hom Marianne , Castaneda Antonio , Pham Anthony , Ragab Omar , Muderspach Laila , Ciccone Marcia , Brunette Laurie L.
Published: June 2021

Background

Adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for bulky, early stage cervical cancer has been shown to decrease local relapse rate. The objective of this study is to compare complications and recurrences between minimally invasive and open adjuvant hysterectomy for early stage cervical cancer.

Methods

Patients were identified who had undergone adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for 2009 FIGO stage IB2 and IIA2 cervical cancer from August 2006 to June 2018. Demographic information, treatment course, complications, recurrence data were retrospectively extracted from the medical record. Frequency of complications was compared with Fisher exact test or chi-square test as appropriate and inverse probability of treatment propensity score weighting was used to calculate the disease-free survival.

Results

Fifty-four patients met inclusion criteria with a median follow up time of 60.4 months (interquartile range 28.0–98.1 months). There were 24 (44%) open versus 30 (56%) minimally invasive hysterectomies performed. The overall grade 2 or worse complication rate was 43%. There were 8 (27%) patients with complications in the minimally invasive group compared to 4 (17%) in the open group (OR 1.82 (95% CI 0.5–7.0)). There were 9 vaginal cuff defects, dehiscences and/or fistulas in the minimally invasive group compared to 3 in the open group (OR 3.0 (95% CI 0.8–11.2)). There was no statistically significant difference between disease free survival and overall survival among the two groups, however there was a trend towards decreased disease-free survival in the minimally invasive group.

Conclusions

Among women undergoing adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for bulky, early stage cervical cancer, there was no difference in complication rates between an open or minimally invasive surgical approach. However, the overall complication rate was high, including a high rate of vaginal cuff defect, dehiscence and/or fistulas. Our findings suggest that an adjuvant hysterectomy should be reserved for patients in which chemoradiation is not anticipated to successfully treat the primary tumor and, if performed, an open approach should be considered.
In vivo imaging of immediate early gene expression dynamics segregates neuronal ensemble of memories of dual events
Authors: Meenakshi P. , Kumar S. , Balaji J.
Published: June 2021

Identification of neurons undergoing plasticity in response to external stimuli is one of the pertinent problems in neuroscience. Immediate early genes (IEGs) are widely used as a marker for neuronal plasticity. Here, we model the dynamics of IEG expression as a consecutive, irreversible first-order reaction with a limiting substrate. First, we develop an analytical framework to show that such a model, together with two-photon in vivo imaging of IEG expression, can be used to identify distinct neuronal subsets representing multiple memories. Using the above combination, we show that the expression kinetics, rather than intensity threshold, can be used to identify neuronal ensembles responding to the presentation of two events in vivo. The analytical expression allowed us to segregate the neurons based on their temporal response to one specific behavioural event, thereby improving the ability to detect plasticity related neurons. We image the retrosplenial cortex (RSc) of cfos-GFP transgenic mice to follow the dynamics of cellular changes resulting from contextual fear conditioning behaviour, enabling us to establish a representation of context in RSc at the cellular scale following memory acquisition. Thus, we obtain a general method that distinguishes neurons that took part in multiple temporally separated events by measuring fluorescence of individual neurons in live mice.
Anti-tumor NAMPT inhibitor, KPT-9274, mediates gender-dependent murine anemia and nephrotoxicity by regulating SIRT3-mediated SOD deacetylation
Authors: Mitchell Shaneice , Zhang Pu , Cannon Matthew , Beaver Larry , Lehman Amy , Harrington Bonnie , Sampath Deepa , Byrd John C. , Lapalombella Rosa
Published: June 2021

KPT-9274 is a phase 1 first-in-class dual PAK4/NAMPT inhibitor for solid tumor and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It demonstrates pre-clinical efficacy toward a broad spectrum of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtypes by inhibiting NAMPT-dependent NAD+ production. NAMPT is the rate-limiting enzyme in the salvage metabolic pathway leading to NAD+ generation. Tumor cells which are deficient in de novo pathway enzyme NAPRT1 are addicted to NAMPT. In clinical trials, treatment with NAMPT inhibitors resulted in dose-limiting toxicities. In order to dissect the mechanism of toxicity, mice were treated with KPT-9274 and resulting toxicities were characterized histopathologically and biochemically. KPT-9274 treatment caused gender-dependent stomach and kidney injuries and anemia. Female mice treated with KPT-9274 had EPO deficiency and associated impaired erythropoiesis. KPT-9274 treatment suppressed SIRT3 expression and concomitantly upregulated acetyl-manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in IMCD3 cells, providing a mechanistic basis for observed kidney toxicity. Importantly, niacin supplementation mitigated KPT-9274-caused kidney injury and EPO deficiency without affecting its efficacy. Altogether, our study delineated the mechanism of KPT-9274-mediated toxicity and sheds light onto developing strategies to improve the tolerability of this important anti-AML inhibitor.
Bilateral sactosalphinx and congenital adrenal hyperplasia: case report on two rare conditions in two virgin girls
Authors: Scarpa Maria-Grazia , Iaquinto Marianna , Codrich Daniela , Schleef Jürgen
Published: June 2021

Background

Sactosalpinx means a collection of fluid (serum, blood or pus) in the fallopian tube. CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia) is a typical 46XX DSD (Disorder of Sex Development) due to a steroidogenic enzymatic defect. Both conditions are rare and can lead to reduced fertility rate.

Case presentation

We describe two post-menarche virgin girls with CAH who were hospitalized for acute abdomen due to laparoscopically confirmed sactosalpinx. Case 1 recovered after conservative management, case 2 after a second-look and bilateral salpingectomy. The first case consisted of right sactosalpinx and previous peritonitis reported; the second one of bilateral symptomatic pyosalpinx and previous vaginal stenosis. Recurrent abdominal pain persisted at follow-up in Case 1: post-operative MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) showed bilateral hydrosapinx that disappeared at a following ultrasound scan control. Follow-up was uneventful 36 months after surgery in Case 2, except for the surgical revision of the vaginal introitus.

Conclusions

CAH-sactosalpinx association is a very rare but not negligible event. We suggest a conservative approach for sactosalpinx if tubal and/or ovary torsion can be excluded. Pyosalpinx is more challenging to treat, but during pediatric age we suggest starting with a conservative approach, especially in patients with CAH who have a potential low fertility rate. Careful gynecological follow-up after menarche is recommended to rule out any further causes of infertility.
Single cell transcriptome atlas of mouse mammary epithelial cells across development
Authors: Pal Bhupinder , Chen Yunshun , Milevskiy Michael J. G. , Vaillant François , Prokopuk Lexie , Dawson Caleb A. , Capaldo Bianca D. , Song Xiaoyu , Jackling Felicity , Timpson Paul , Lindeman Geoffrey J. , Smyth Gordon K. , Visvader Jane E.
Published: June 2021

Background

Heterogeneity within the mouse mammary epithelium and potential lineage relationships have been recently explored by single-cell RNA profiling. To further understand how cellular diversity changes during mammary ontogeny, we profiled single cells from nine different developmental stages spanning late embryogenesis, early postnatal, prepuberty, adult, mid-pregnancy, late-pregnancy, and post-involution, as well as the transcriptomes of micro-dissected terminal end buds (TEBs) and subtending ducts during puberty.

Methods

The single cell transcriptomes of 132,599 mammary epithelial cells from 9 different developmental stages were determined on the 10x Genomics Chromium platform, and integrative analyses were performed to compare specific time points.

Results

The mammary rudiment at E18.5 closely aligned with the basal lineage, while prepubertal epithelial cells exhibited lineage segregation but to a less differentiated state than their adult counterparts. Comparison of micro-dissected TEBs versus ducts showed that luminal cells within TEBs harbored intermediate expression profiles. Ductal basal cells exhibited increased chromatin accessibility of luminal genes compared to their TEB counterparts suggesting that lineage-specific chromatin is established within the subtending ducts during puberty. An integrative analysis of five stages spanning the pregnancy cycle revealed distinct stage-specific profiles and the presence of cycling basal, mixed-lineage, and 'late' alveolar intermediates in pregnancy. Moreover, a number of intermediates were uncovered along the basal-luminal progenitor cell axis, suggesting a continuum of alveolar-restricted progenitor states.

Conclusions

This extended single cell transcriptome atlas of mouse mammary epithelial cells provides the most complete coverage for mammary epithelial cells during morphogenesis to date. Together with chromatin accessibility analysis of TEB structures, it represents a valuable framework for understanding developmental decisions within the mouse mammary gland.
Detection of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in blood-fed Hyalomma ticks collected from Mauritanian livestock
Authors: Schulz A. , Barry Y. , Stoek F. , Pickin M. J. , Ba A. , Chitimia-Dobler L. , Haki M. L. , Doumbia B. A. , Eisenbarth A. , Diambar A. , Bah M. Y. , Eiden M. , Groschup M. H.
Published: June 2021

Background

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) belongs to the genus Orthonairovirus (Nairovididae) and is a (re)emerging tick-borne pathogen. It is endemic in most parts of Africa, Asia and southern Europe, and can cause severe hemorrhagic symptoms in humans, with high fatality rates (5–30%).

Methods

Hyalomma ticks were collected from four different livestock herds (cattle and camels) in Mauritania in 2018. The tick species were determined morphologically and confirmed molecularly by using the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene marker. For the detection of CCHFV, ticks were tested individually by one-step multiplex real-time reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The small segment of all positive samples was sequenced to determine the CCHFV genotype.

Results

In total, 39 of the 1523 ticks (2.56%) collected from 63 cattles and 28 camels tested positive for CCHFV. Three Hyalomma species were identified. Hyalomma rufipes had the largest proportion of positivity (5.67%; 16/282), followed by Hyalomma dromedarii (1.89%; 23/1214). No Hyalomma impeltatum tested positive (0%; 0/21). Positive ticks were found in only six out of 91 host animals. Viral sequence analysis revealed the presence of two different CCHFV lineages (Africa I and Africa III).

Conclusions

In this study, 2.56% of Hyalomma ticks collected from camels and cattle in Mauritania tested positive for CCHFV. However, the true prevalence of CCHFV in unfed ticks may be lower, as a considerable number of ticks may have been passively infected during blood-feeding by co-feeding ticks or due to viremia of the host. The results indicate the need to track the actual area of circulation of this virus.

Graphical Abstract
Mathematical analysis of the effect of portal vein cells on biliary epithelial cell differentiation through the Delta-Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Yoshihara Masaharu , Nishino Teppei , Yadav Manoj Kumar , Kuno Akihiro , Nagata Takeshi , Ando Hiroyasu , Takahashi Satoru
Published: June 2021

Objective

The Delta-Notch signaling pathway induces fine-grained patterns of differentiation from initially homogeneous progenitor cells in many biological contexts, including Drosophila bristle formation, where mathematical modeling reportedly suggests the importance of production rate of the components of this signaling pathway. In contrast, the epithelial differentiation of bile ducts in the developing liver is unique in that it occurs around the portal vein cells, which express extremely high amounts of Delta ligands and act as a disturbance for the amount of Delta ligands in the field by affecting the expression levels of downstream target genes in the cells nearby. In the present study, we mathematically examined the dynamics of the Delta-Notch signaling pathway components in disturbance-driven biliary differentiation, using the model for fine-grained patterns of differentiation.

Results

A portal vein cell induced a high Notch signal in its neighboring cells, which corresponded to epithelial differentiation, depending on the production rates of Delta ligands and Notch receptors. In addition, this epithelial differentiation tended to occur in conditions where fine-grained patterning was reported to be lacking. These results highlighted the potential importance of the stability towards homogeneity determined by the production rates in Delta ligands and Notch receptors, in a disturbance-dependent epithelial differentiation.
Psychosocial burden of type 1 and 2 hereditary angioedema: a single-center Canadian cohort study
Authors: Hews-Girard Julia , Goodyear Marilyn Dawn
Published: June 2021

Background

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare but serious disorder associated with a multifaceted burden of illness including a high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Despite recent efforts to clarify the psychosocial implications of HAE, important gaps still remain. The aim of this study was to characterize the psychosocial burden associated with HAE types 1 and 2.

Methods

Type 1 or 2 HAE patients (n  =  17), aged 19 years or older, completed the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the DSM-5 cross cutting measures to identify psychiatric symptomatology, Angioedema Quality of Life Questionnaire (AE-QoL) and the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2) to assess disease-related and generic HRQoL respectively, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI) to measure impact on work productivity and daily activities. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS statistical software (Version 25.0; IBM, Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize continuous demographics and clinical characteristics and outcomes of interest while frequency distributions were used for categorical variables. T tests were used to compare SF-36v2 domain scores to Canadian norms and sex differences in scale scores.

Results

Depression [DASS-21 score  =  6.8  ±  10.2; n  =  12 (71%)] anxiety [DASS-21 score  =  6.2  ±  8.2; n  =  13 (76%)] and stress [DASS-21 score  =  10  ±  10.2; n  =  13 (76%)] were prevalent. Other psychiatric symptoms warranting inquiry included mania (n  =  14, 82.4%), anger (n  =  14, 82.4%), sleep disturbances (n  =  13, 76.5%), somatic symptoms (n  =  11, 64.7%) and impaired personality functioning (n  =  9, 52.9%). Mean AE-QoL score was 39  ±  18.2. Mean SF-36v2 domain scores were significantly lower than Canadian normative data for the entire sample (p  <  0.05). Impairment in work productivity was minimal; mean activity impairment was 20.6%  ±  21.1% [n  =  11 (64.7%)]. Female participants reported significantly greater HAE-related stress [DASS; t(15)  =   − 2.2, p  =  0.04], greater HAE-related fears [AEQoL; t(5.6)  =   − 2.7, p  =  0.04), and lower SF-36v2 domain scores than male patients.

Conclusions

Study findings offer specific, valuable insight into the psychosocial burden of HAE with the potential to improve clinical management of HAE. Best practices for effective management of HAE should include providing holistic care to address the psychosocial and mental health of HAE patients.
Double overexpression of miR-19a and miR-20a in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells effectively preserves the left ventricular function in dilated cardiomyopathic rat
Authors: Sheu Jiunn-Jye , Chai Han-Tan , Sung Pei-Hsun , Chiang John Y. , Huang Tien-Hung , Shao Pei-Lin , Wu Shun-Cheng , Yip Hon-Kan
Published: June 2021

Background

This study tested the hypothesis that double overexpression of miR-19a and miR-20a (dOex-mIRs) in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) effectively preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (i.e., induced by doxorubicin) rat.

Methods and results

In vitro study was categorized into groups G1 (iPS-MSC), G2 (iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs), G3 (iPS-MSC + H2O2/100uM), and G4 (iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs + H2O2/100uM). The in vitro results showed the cell viability was significantly lower in G3 than in G1 and G2, and that was reversed in G4 but it showed no difference between G1/G2 at time points of 6 h/24 h/48 h, whereas the flow cytometry of intra-cellular/mitochondrial oxidative stress (DCFA/mitoSOX) and protein expressions of mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/Cyclophilin-D), oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX2), apoptotic (cleaved-caspase-3/PARP), fibrotic (p-Smad3/TGF-ß), and autophagic (ratio of LC3B-II/LC3BI) biomarkers exhibited an opposite pattern of cell-proliferation rate (all p< 0.001). Adult-male SD rats (n=32) were equally divided into groups 1 (sham-operated control), 2 (DCM), 3 (DCM + iPS-MSCs/1.2 × 106 cells/administered by post-28 day’s DCM induction), and 4 (DCM + iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs/1.2 × 106 cells/administered by post-28 day’s DCM induction) and euthanized by day 60 after DCM induction. LV myocardium protein expressions of oxidative-stress signaling (p22-phox/NOX-1/NOX-2/ASK1/p-MMK4,7/p-JNK1,2/p-cJUN), upstream (TLR-4/MAL/MyD88/TRIF/TRAM/ TFRA6/IKKα/ß/NF-κB) and downstream (TNF-α/IL-1ß/MMP-9) inflammatory signalings, apoptotic (cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bax), fibrotic (Smad3/TGF-ß), mitochondrial-damaged (cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/cyclophilin-D), and autophagic (beclin1/Atg5) biomarkers were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and significantly lower in group 4 than in group 3, whereas the LVEF exhibited an opposite pattern of oxidative stress (all p< 0.0001).

Conclusion

iPS-MSCdOex-mIRs therapy was superior to iPS-MSC therapy for preserving LV function in DCM rat.
Pooled estimate of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jeyakumar Angeline , Shinde Vidhya , Ravindran Reshma
Published: June 2021

Background

Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women is a public health concern globally. In India, individual studies report high prevalence. However, lack of national data masks the true burden. This work determined the pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis.

Methods

Three different search engines yielded 15 eligible articles. Study quality was assessed by 10 different criteria and summary of study quality was categorized as per Cochrane standards. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy pregnant women and heterogeneity among selected studies. A sample of n = 4088 was used to study the pooled prevalence among pregnant women.

Results

The random effects combined estimate was 32.35% (95% CI, (12.58–117.48). High heterogeneity (tau2 = 0.39, I2 = 100%) and high risk of bias was observed among the selected studies. The test for overall effect was observed to be z = 2.54(P = 0.01).

Conclusion

Pooled estimate > 30% emphasizes the need for screening through antenatal care services and initiate preventive measures to address the deficiency.
α-Terpineol fumigation alleviates negative plant-soil feedbacks of Panax notoginseng via suppressing Ascomycota and enriching antagonistic bacteria
Authors: Ye Chen , Liu Yixiang , Zhang Junxing , Li Tianyao , Zhang Yijie , Guo Cunwu , Yang Min , He Xiahong , Zhu Youyong , Huang Huichuan , Zhu Shusheng
Published: June 2021

The accumulation of soil-borne pathogens is the main driving factor of negative plant-soil feedbacks (NPSFs), which seriously restricts the sustainable development of agriculture. Using natural volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from plants or microorganisms as biofumigants is an emerging strategy to alleviate NPSFs in an environmentally-friendly way. Here, we identified α-terpineol from the VOCs of pine needles, confirmed the ability of α-terpineol fumigation in alleviating the NPSF of Panax notoginseng via significantly reducing seed decay rate, and also deciphered the underlying mechanism by which the soil microbial community is modified. α-Terpineol fumigation could suppress culturable fungi but enrich bacteria in a dose-dependent manner. Network analysis with high-throughput sequencing data revealed that α-terpineol could distinctly modify both fungal and bacterial communities. In detail, α-terpineol significantly suppressed the relative abundance of Ascomycota from 64.04 to 32.26%, but enriched the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria. Subnetwork analysis further demonstrated that α-terpineol could directly or indirectly suppress fungal pathogens and enrich plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs). In vitro fumigation and co-culture experiments with culturable isolates validated these findings. The antagonism between beneficial bacteria and pathogens, and the synergistic growth promotion among α-terpineol-enriched bacteria might be involved in soil microbial community assembly. In summary, α-terpineol fumigation could directly or indirectly modify the soil microbial community to alleviate NPSFs, especially by suppressing fungal pathogens and enriching beneficial bacteria. This study suggests that VOCs from natural products are worth developing as biofumigants due to their multiple functions in modifying the soil microbial community.
Comparative Effectiveness of Levothyroxine, Desiccated Thyroid Extract, and Levothyroxine+Liothyronine in Hypothyroidism
Authors: Shakir Mohamed K M , Brooks Daniel I , McAninch Elizabeth A , Fonseca Tatiana L , Mai Vinh Q , Bianco Antonio C , Hoang Thanh D
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Studies comparing levothyroxine (LT4) therapy with LT4 + liothyronine (LT3) or desiccated thyroid extract (DTE) did not detect consistent superiority of either treatment. Here, we investigated these therapies, focusing on the whole group of LT4-treated hypothyroid patients, while also exploring the most symptomatic patients.

Methodology

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study of 75 hypothyroid patients randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatment arms, LT4, LT4 + LT3, and DTE, for 22 weeks. The primary outcomes were posttreatment scores on the 36-point thyroid symptom questionnaire (TSQ-36), 12-point quality of life general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Wechsler memory scale-version IV (VMS-IV), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Secondary endpoints included treatment preference, biochemical and metabolic parameters, etiology of hypothyroidism, and Thr92Ala-DIO2 gene polymorphism. Analyses were performed with a linear mixed model using subject as a random factor and group as a fixed effect.

Results

Serum TSH remained within reference range across all treatment arms. There were no differences for primary and secondary outcomes, except for a minor increase in heart rate caused by DTE. Treatment preference was not different and there were no interferences of the etiology of hypothyroidism or Thr92Ala-DIO2 gene polymorphism in the outcomes. Subgroup analyses of the 1/3 most symptomatic patients on LT4 revealed strong preference for treatment containing T3, which improved performance on TSQ-36, GHQ-12, BDI, and visual memory index (VMS-IV component).

Conclusions

As a group, outcomes were similar among hypothyroid patients taking DTE vs LT4 + T3 vs LT4. However, those patients that were most symptomatic on LT4 preferred and responded positively to therapy with LT4 + LT3 or DTE.
Significance of Circular FAT1 as a Prognostic Factor and Tumor Suppressor for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Takaki Wataru , Konishi Hirotaka , Shoda Katsutoshi , Arita Tomohiro , Kataoka Satoshi , Shibamoto Jun , Furuke Hirotaka , Takabatake Kazuya , Shimizu Hiroki , Komatsu Shuhei , Shiozaki Atsushi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Masuda Kiyoshi , Otsuji Eigo
Published: June 2021

Background

Circular RNA is a novel endogenous non-coding RNA with a stable loop structure, and theories for its biogenesis and usefulness as a biomarker in various cancers have been proposed. The present study investigated the significance of circular FAT1 (circFAT1) as a novel biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Method

CircFAT1 expression levels were measured in ESCC cell lines and the effects of downregulating circFAT1 on cell migration and invasion were examined using a transwell assay. The functions of miR-548g, which will be sponged by circFAT1, were assessed. Furthermore, the expression of circFAT1 was evaluated in 51 radically resected ESCC tissue samples using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The relationships between circFAT1 expression, clinicopathological factors, and patient prognosis were analyzed.

Results

CircFAT1 expression levels were significantly lower in tumor tissue than in adjacent non-tumorous mucosal tissue (p = 0.01). The downregulation of circFAT1 expression promoted ESCC cell migration and invasive ability, but not proliferation. The expression of miR-548g was upregulated by the downregulation of circFAT1. The overexpression of miR-548g also promoted ESCC cell migration and invasion. Recurrence-free survival (p = 0.02) and cancer-specific survival (p = 0.04) rates were significantly higher in patients with elevated circFAT1 expression levels.

Conclusion

The expression level of circFAT1 is a novel prognostic marker in ESCC patients. New treatment strategies may be developed using the tumor suppressive functions of circFAT1.
Higher Taxes at the Top: The Role of Entrepreneurs
Authors: Brüggemann Bettina
Published: June 2021

This paper computes optimal top marginal tax rates in Bewley-Huggett-Aiyagari–type economies that include entrepreneurs. Consistent with the data, entrepreneurs are overrepresented at the top of the income distribution and are thus disproportionately affected by an increase in the top marginal income tax rate. The top marginal tax rate that maximizes welfare is 60 percent. While average welfare gains are positive and similar across occupations along the transition, they are larger for entrepreneurs than for workers in the long run, and this occupational gap in welfare gains after the tax increase widens with increasing income. (JEL D11, D21, D31, H21, H24, L26)
Technology of Formation of Cognitive Logical Universal Educational Actions by Means of the Subject "Chemistry" in the Context of the Implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard of Secondary (Complete) General Education
Authors: Zakabluk O.
Published: June 2021

Within the framework of the article, the technology of formation of cognitive logical universal educational actions (CLUEA) by means of the subject “Chemistry” in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standards of Social Research. The conditions for using this technology in the educational process are considered and possible risks are described. The results of the author's use of the technology for the formation of cognitive logical universal educational actions (CLUEA) in the course of the subject “Chemistry” in the context of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standards of Secondary (Complete) General Education. The conclusions about the effectiveness of the technology used, taking into account the age of students and the type of educational institution are given.
The History of Formation and Modern Development of the Education System in China
Authors: Van Hay
Published: June 2021

The article studies the general principles of the functioning of the education system in China at the present stage, and considers their features. The paper also identifies the main stages of the development of the education system in China, identifies the problems that characterize the current state of education of Chinese children and students, and suggests ways to eliminate the identified problems.
The History of the Formation and Modern Development of Choreographic Education in China
Authors: U Uzyahen
Published: June 2021

This article is devoted to the study of the history of the formation of choreographic education in China, as well as modern trends in choreographic education in China. The article concludes that it is necessary to form a new modern choreographic school in China.
“The long roads to forgotten regretted nostalgias”: Traumatic Wounds in the Letters of Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald
Authors: Vázquez-Novo Vanesa
Published: June 2021

When twenty-five-year-old Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald asked her husband Scott Fitzgerald to resume her ballet lessons, he saw no objection to it. Fitzgerald thought the lessons would keep Zelda busy while he focused on his novel Tender is the Night (1934). Little did he know then that strenuous dancing rehearsals would lead Zelda to her first mental breakdown. While confined at several mental institutions from 1930 to 1948, Zelda used the epistolary form in an attempt to move from victim to artist. It is through her letters to Scott Fitzgerald that we discover her inner struggles and her longing for a career of her own. This article analyzes a selection of Zelda Fitzgerald’s letters in order to determine whether the epistolary form allows Zelda to overcome or perpetuate her traumas while confined at several mental institutions.
Desigualdades na prática esportiva e de atividade física nas macrorregiões do Brasil: PNAD, 2015
Authors: Botelho Vivian Hernandez , Wendt Andrea , Pinheiro Eraldo dos Santos , Crochemore-Silva Inácio
Published: June 2021

Estudos sobre desigualdades na prática de esporte e atividades físicas são uma importante ferramenta para embasar políticas públicas. Assim como abordagens de nível nacional, análises específicas de acordo com regiões se fazem necessárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as desigualdades em termos de sexo, cor da pele, área de residência e escolaridade na prática de esporte ou atividades físicas de acordo com as regiões do Brasil. Foram analisados os dados da investigação suplementar da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 2015, uma amostra representativa da população de adultos brasileiros. As análises contemplaram a prática de esporte e atividades físicas durante o ano anterior à entrevista e análises simples e complexas de desigualdade foram realizadas de acordo com cada região do país. Homens, pessoas de cor de pele branca, moradores da zona urbana e com maior escolaridade apresentaram maior prática em todas as regiões. Em termos de magnitude das desigualdades, as regiões que apresentaram maiores desigualdades foram a norte (prática entre homens 12,9 pontos percentuais – p.p., maior que entre mulheres) e a sul (41,1 p.p. de diferença entre os grupos extremos de escolaridade e 13,4 p.p. entre zona urbana e rural). Pessoas de cor da pele branca apresentaram 4,9 p.p. a mais de prevalência em relação às pretas ou pardas, sem diferenças marcantes entre as regiões. Os resultados identificaram a presença de desigualdades sistematicamente na direção de grupos privilegiados social e economicamente em nossa sociedade em todas as regiões do país, embora magnitudes diferentes sejam observadas regionalmente.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Crohn’s Disease: A Rare Combination and Unusual Presentation
Authors: Algassim Abdulrahman , Alghonaim Naif , Alruzug Ibrahim , Elbayoumy Mohamed S , Atallah Azza
Published: June 2021

The coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Crohn’s disease (CD) is very rare. The usual sequence of occurrence is CD followed by SLE, where CD treatment with anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) induces the latter. Here, we present a case of this rare combination but with sequence reversal. The patient was unresponsive to steroids and we achieved remission with infliximab.
First record of the coexistence of two mesocarnivores in the Yucatán Peninsula, México
Authors: Mejenes-López Sol de Mayo A. , Gálvez-Aguilera Xiomara , Escalona-Segura Griselda , Vargas-Contreras Jorge A. , Retana-Guiascón Oscar G. , Cab-Paat Guadalupe de los Ángeles
Published: June 2021

La ocurrencia de dos o más especies en espacio y tiempo (coexistencia) es la condición inicial para las interacciones interespecíficas.  Por ejemplo, el binomio Urocyon cinereoargenteus y Spilogale angustifrons que es poco conocido.  Nuestro objetivo es contribuir con  información sobre la coexistencia de estos mesocarnívoros en Komchén de los Pájaros, en el norte de Yucatán, dominada por selva baja caducifolia.  Colocamos ocho cámaras-trampas del 23 de diciembre de 2019 al 20 de junio de 2020 distribuidas en ocho estaciones de muestreo.  Representamos los patrones de actividad diaria mediante un diagrama circular por horas con base en la frecuencia de los registros fotográficos.  Obtuvimos 68 foto-registros con un esfuerzo de muestreo de 4,320 hr-trampa en 180 días, tres corresponden a la coexistencia de U. cinereoargenteus y S. angustifrons.  La actividad de U. cinereoargenteus ocurrió todo el día durante la temporada seca.  El índice de abundancia relativa de la coexistencia de S. angustifrons-U. cinereoargenteus fue de 0.7 y solo para U. cinereoargenteus fue de 15.74.  En tres momentos registramos la sincronización de la actividad de U. cinereoargenteus y S. angustifrons.  Estos eventos ocurrieron en la noche, madrugada y al amanecer, lo que confirmó la coexistencia de ambas especies en espacio (selva baja caducifolia) y tiempo (temporada de seca).  Los registros fotográficos no mostraron eventos antagónicos y el seguimiento de una especie por la otra sugiere un mutualismo.  Confirmamos la coexistencia basada en el comportamiento de seguimiento de U. cinereoargenteus por S. angustifrons y planteamos que son especies mutualistas en temporada seca y en la selva baja caducifolia.
BANCC webinar: recognising cardiomyopathies in everyday nursing practice
Authors: Frampton Katie
Published: June 2021

A webinar which took place on 20 May 2021, provided by the British Association for Nursing in Cardiovascular Care (BANCC) in conjunction with Cardiomyopathy UK, focused on the role of nurses in recognising and managing cardiomyopathies in everyday practice.
Validity and reliability of the Greek version of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory for patients with chronic pain
Authors: Christakou Anna , Sakellari Vasiliki
Published: June 2021

Background/aims

The Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory has been used widely to evaluate pain perceptions and beliefs of patients with chronic pain. This is a cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument into Greek. The purpose of the study was to investigate: the face and content validity; the factor structure; the concurrent validity; the discriminant validity; and the internal consistency and the test–retest reliability of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory for people with chronic pain.

Methods

A total of 174 patients with chronic low back pain, neck pain and/or pain of limbs lasting for at least 6 months and with a physiotherapy referral participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis by a principal axis factoring with direct oblimin rotation was chosen to examine the factor structure of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory. The concurrent validity was assessed using correlations by Spearman's rho correlation coefficient among the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory and the Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire, the Present Pain Index, the visual analogue scale and the Brief Pain Inventory. The discriminant validity was examined by Spearman's rho correlation coefficient among the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory and Social Desirability Scale. The reliability of the instrument was examined using Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the four factor structure of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory that explained 66.353% of the total variance. Concurrent validity was determined through examination of correlations between the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory and other validated constructs (eg Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire Affective factor with Total Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory Spearman's rho=0.257, P<0.001, Brief Pain Inventory General Activity and Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory Constancy factor Spearman's rho=0.522, P<0.05, Brief Pain Inventory relations with other people and Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory Constancy factor Spearman's rho=0.512, P<0.05). The discriminant validity of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory was confirmed by examining correlations between the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory with the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale. The questionnaire was internally consistent (α=0.89–0.96) and its stability was good (intraclass correlation coefficients=0.73–0.82).

Conclusions

The Greek translation of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory is a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate Greek patients with chronic pain.
Students Creative Thinking Profile as a High Order Thinking in the Improvement of Mathematics Learning
Authors: Hidajat Flavia Aurelia
Published: June 2021

Creative thinking is the highest level of the kind of high order thinking. In observations at the schools in Indonesia, teachers overly equate all levels of achievement of students' creative thinking to obtain higher order thinking skill improvements in mathematics learning. This condition results in an imbalance in learning practices. Therefore, this research fills the gap of this imbalance by describing the student’s creative thinking profile as a high order thinking skill in the improvement of mathematics learning. These results can contribute knowledge to educators to manage teaching strategies that can improve mathematics learning which refers to high order thinking skill for all levels of their creative thinking. This research is qualitative descriptive research. The subject were junior high school students in Malang, Indonesia. Data collection methods are tests, observations, and interviews. Data analysis is conducted by reducing data, present data, and conclusions. These research results are descriptions of student’s creative thinking profiles as a high order thinking in mathematics learning improvement, namely students have problems planning problem solving; students take a break to make plans; identify the essence of the problem, provide original ideas, provide alternative problem-solving plans, combine previous ideas with problem questions; operate and implement their plans by creating various original solutions.
Trends and Differentials in Receipt of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in the United States: Services Received and Sources of Care, 2006–2019
Authors: Frost Jennifer J. , Mueller Jennifer , Pleasure Zoe H.
Published: June 2021

Key Points Seven in 10 U.S. women of reproductive age, some 44 million women, make at least one medical visit to obtain sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services each year. While the overall number of women receiving any SRH service remained relatively stable between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, the number of women receiving preventive gynecologic care fell and the number receiving STI testing doubled. Disparities in use of SRH services persist, as Hispanic women are significantly less likely than non-Hispanic White women to receive SRH services, and uninsured women are significantly less likely to receive services than privately insured women. Publicly funded clinics remain critical sources of SRH care for many women, with younger women, lower income women, women of color, foreign-born women, women with Medicaid coverage and women who are uninsured especially likely to rely on publicly funded clinics. Among women who go to clinics for SRH care, two-thirds report that the clinic is their usual source for medical care. Among those relying on both private providers and public clinics, the proportion of women who reported receiving a combination of contraceptive and STI/HIV care increased between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019. Implementation of the Affordable Care Act has likely contributed to some of the changes observed in where women receive contraceptive and other SRH services and how they pay for that care: The share of women receiving contraceptive services who go to private providers rose from 69% to 77% between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, in part because more women gained private or public health insurance coverage and there was a greater likelihood that their health insurance would cover SRH services. There was a complementary drop in the share of women receiving contraceptive services who went to a publicly funded clinic, from 27% in 2006–2010 to 18% in 2015–2019. For non-Hispanic Black women, immigrant women and uninsured women, there was no increase in the use of private providers for contraceptive care from 2006–2010 to 2015–2019. Among women served at publicly funded clinics between 2006–2010 and 2015–2019, there were significant increases in the use of both public and private insurance to pay for their care.
Sensitivity of whispering gallery modes with different physical parameters of hollow microspheres: a theoretical study
Authors: Tiwari Pragya , Mandal Amartya , Dantham Venkata Ramanaiah
Published: June 2021

Herein, we report the theoretical investigation on whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of dielectric hollow microspheres (hollow core-shell microspheres) illuminated by plane wave and focused Gaussian beam (FGB). In the case of plane wave illumination, the wavelength sensitivity of the WGMs with different parameters of the hollow microspheres such as radii of the core and the shell, refractive indices of the core and the shell, and shell thickness is studied systematically. The variation in the electric field and quality factor of the WGMs with the above-mentioned parameters is also investigated. In the case of FGB illumination, the effect of beam waist on the characteristic parameters of the WGMs is studied. Later, the merits of the core-shell microspheres for the refractive index sensing applications over the solid microspheres are explained. Finally, the characteristic parameters of the WGMs of solid core-shell microspheres are studied.
Assessment of Trinidad community stakeholder perspectives on the use of yeast interfering RNA-baited ovitraps for biorational control of Aedes mosquitoes
Authors: Winter Nikhella , Stewart Akilah T. M. , Igiede Jessica , Wiltshire Rachel M. , Hapairai Limb K. , James Lester D. , Mohammed Azad , Severson David W. , Duman-Scheel Molly
Published: June 2021

Dengue, Zika, chikungunya and yellow fever viruses continue to be a major public health burden. Aedes mosquitoes, the primary vectors responsible for transmitting these viral pathogens, continue to flourish due to local challenges in vector control management. Yeast interfering RNA-baited larval lethal ovitraps are being developed as a novel biorational control tool for Aedes mosquitoes. This intervention circumvents increasing issues with insecticide resistance and poses no known threat to non-target organisms. In an effort to create public awareness of this alternative vector control strategy, gain stakeholder feedback regarding product design and acceptance of the new intervention, and build capacity for its potential integration into existing mosquito control programs, this investigation pursued community stakeholder engagement activities, which were undertaken in Trinidad and Tobago. Three forms of assessment, including paper surveys, community forums, and household interviews, were used with the goal of evaluating local community stakeholders’ knowledge of mosquitoes, vector control practices, and perceptions of the new technology. These activities facilitated evaluation of the hypothesis that the ovitraps would be broadly accepted by community stakeholders as a means of biorational control for Aedes mosquitoes. A comparison of the types of stakeholder input communicated through use of the three assessment tools highlighted the utility and merit of using each tool for assessing new global health interventions. Most study participants reported a general willingness to purchase an ovitrap on condition that it would be affordable and safe for human health and the environment. Stakeholders provided valuable input on product design, distribution, and operation. A need for educational campaigns that provide a mechanism for educating stakeholders about vector ecology and management was highlighted. The results of the investigation, which are likely applicable to many other Caribbean nations and other countries with heavy arboviral disease burdens, were supportive of supplementation of existing vector control strategies through the use of the yeast RNAi-based ovitraps.
Emotion regulation and peripheral psychophysiological correlates in the management of induced pain: A systematic review
Authors: Jaén Irene , Díaz-García Amanda , Pastor M. Carmen , García-Palacios Azucena
Published: June 2021

Cognitive reappraisal and acceptance strategies have been shown to be effective in reducing pain experience and increasing pain tolerance. However, no systematic reviews have focused on the relationship between the use of these two strategies and peripheral physiological correlates when pain is experimentally induced. This systematic review aims to summarize the existing literature that explores the relationship between emotion regulation strategies (i.e., cognitive reappraisal and acceptance) and peripheral correlates of the autonomic nervous system and facial electromyography, such as affect-modulated responses and corrugator activity, on laboratory tasks where pain is induced. The systematic review identifies nine experimental studies that meet our inclusion criteria, none of which compare these strategies. Although cognitive reappraisal and acceptance strategies appear to be associated with decreased psychological responses, mixed results were found for the effects of the use of both strategies on all the physiological correlates. These inconsistencies between the studies might be explained by the high methodological heterogeneity in the task designs, as well as a lack of consistency between the instructions used in the different studies for cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, and the control conditions.