bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Social Stories on Social Skills for Elementary-Aged Students with Autism: A Literature Review
Authors: Daub Alexandra Christiane , Huber Tonya
Published: November 2020

Deficits in social interactions is one of the characteristics of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). There are numerous interventions that aim at establishing social skills--social stories being one of them. This review of professional literature focuses on the effectiveness of social stories on social skills of elementary-aged students with ASD. The authors identified nine peer-reviewed journal articles from the systemic review of three search engines and analyzed them through different categorizations that provide information on the methodologies used, effectiveness of social stories, the implementation of social stories, and demographic information provided on participants. Effectiveness and implementation of social stories were characterized by a large variability of findings. Effectiveness ranged from lasting behavior changes to no measurable change at all. Implementation differed regarding the mode of presentation, the use of guidelines for developing the stories, setting and reader, and other intervention strategies implemented alongside. The authors identified disparities regarding gender and racial/ethnic identity across studies, with a majority of participants being male and a lack of information concerning the racial/ethnic identity of participants. The potential gender and racial/ethnic/cultural bias needs to be addressed in further research to ensure that findings can be generalized to a larger and representative population.
Effect of Different Agroecosystem on Earthworm Diversity in Azaguié Locality (Côte d'Ivoire)
Authors: Ehouman N’guetta Moïse , Touré Mamadou , Gains Pkan Pkan Kouakou , Bi Hervé Kouya , Tiho Seydou
Published: November 2020

In most terrestrial ecosystems, earthworms are considered to be excellent bioindicators of biodiversity and soil quality. However, their diversity and abundance encountered depend on the systems considered and on the anthropic pressure exerted. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a land use on the earthworm community. Earthworms were collected in TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility) type monoliths by the direct manual sorting method in three types of farms (fallow, rubber plantation and mangosteen plantation) in the locality of Azaguié. Measurements of the physicochemical parameters of the soil, in particular, the total organic carbon level, the organic matter rate, the nitrogen rate, the conductivity, the hydrogen potential (pH) and the total phosphorus were carried out at the Laboratory Central of Agrochemistry and Ecotoxicology (LCAE) from 200 g of clod of soil sampled in different monoliths. These studies showed that in all the plots analyzed, the endogeic polyhumic worms presented the highest densities while the epigeic detritivorous worms presented the lowest densities. The distribution of earthworms in the mangosteen plot was homogeneous, unlike that of the other plots. However, the physico-chemical parameters of the soils were higher in the fallow. The canonical correspondence analysis carried out to assess the relationship between the variability of the earthworm density of the plots and the physicochemical parameters measured showed that the physicochemical parameters measured explained only a substantial part of this distribution of earthworms while the other part is possibly linked to other environmental factors.
Citizen-Centric Public Service Satisfaction During Pandemic Outbreak: A Measurement Model
Authors: Mohd Wahid Siti Daleela , Mohd Amin Siti Hajjar , Mohamed Ali Abdul Jalil , Mohamed Ali Abdul Jalil , Abdullah Aida , Ali Siti Mariam
Published: November 2020

Citizen-centricity satisfaction is a recent phenomenon spreading around the world. It is of growing interest to scholars and many papers are focused on this area. This paper aims at revealing factor that predict a citizen satisfaction during pandemic outbreak in public service delivery. A massive number of theories and past scholars have carried out studies on the factors influencing citizen satisfaction, which resulted in a list containing large volume of variables. There was a need to generalize factors that capable to form a universal citizen satisfaction model. This research utilizing citizen-centric demands of transformational government model as the theoretical foundation in citizen satisfaction in public service context. 346 citizens conveniently were selected as respondents, at the same time as information become amassed via online surveys. The information become then analyzed via the use of AMOS software.  The structural equation modelling (SEM) was executed to develop the measurement model. The results exhibit that goodness of fit, construct reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity achieved the overall fitness threshold to model citizen satisfaction. This research contributes to shed light on the literature via examining the elements of citizen-centric demands of transformational government model namely openness, responsiveness, transparency and participation in citizen satisfaction.
Language Shift and Maintenance: A Case Study of Pakistani-American Family
Authors: Sarwat Samina , Kabir Haris , Qayyum Numra , Akram Muhammad
Published: November 2020

This article investigated the language shifting and maintenance in daily life conversation of family resided in USA. The sources of data involved the participation of three generations, 7 members total in number, including 4 adults and 3 children. The observation was of observer participant type. The family was observed through video call, continually 10 hours a day in natural environment during 5 days period. Moreover, the interview was continued for 20 minutes, from 4 members of the family, 2 members from 1st generation and 2 members from 2nd. The collected data revealed that the second generation preferred to talk in L2-English but they switched to LI -Punjabi/Urdu when needed. First generation, the older ones talk in LI Punjabi /Urdu. They rarely switched to L2 to facilitate their younger generation mostly they tried to maintain their LI by code switching when interacting with each other even with their young family members. It was a pure qualitative study. Findings suggest that the preference to L2 was to succeed their younger generation in their academic and social life. They consider their social and economic benefits more important than their ethnic linguistic identity.
The Effect of Digital Stories on Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: AKGÜN Muhterem , AKGÜN İsmail Hakan
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of digital stories on academic achievement. In order to achieve this purpose, meta analysis method was used in the study. Within the scope of the study, ERIC, Google Academic, YÖK Thesis Center, ProQuest, Science Direct and ULAKBİM databases were scanned and 23 studies (10 theses, 13 articles) were included in the meta-analysis using the criteria determined by the researchers. Cochran’s X2 (Q = 285,155, p < .05) test was conducted to test whether the studies included in the study were heterogeneous. Random effects model was used to calculate effect size since heterogeneity was determined between studies. At the end of the study, it was seen that the general effect size (Hedge’s g = 1.081) regarding the effect of digital stories on academic achievement was strong, that there was a positive effect in all areas according to the lessons which was higher for Science. It was also observed that the effect was positive in all dimensions according to the education level, there was a difference between the education levels and the highest effect occurred at university and middle school levels.
Introduction to eristics for pedagogues - Logos. Formal correctness of the argument
Authors: Marciniak Agata
Published: November 2020

Interpersonal communication should not be reduced to a simple transfer of information. Modern theories of communication underline the fact that the complete process of communication realizes broadly understood social influence with e.g. all its emotional aspects. From this perspective a knowledge about eristics seems to be especially useful for every pedagogue and teacher for which a professional activity requires effective communication with students – let us add, an eristics neutrally understood as an organon. This article is the first part of the series on eristics. The whole series of texts is dedicated to those teachers and pedagogues who want to develop their communication skills.
This first part of the series focuses on the essence and methods of using logos tactic, with particular emphasis on techniques that are based on the formal structure of the argument.
Responsible preparation of the school for the inclusion of students with disabilities. Challenges, principles and practices of inclusion
Authors: Bednarz Elżbieta
Published: November 2020

From the perspective of modern pedagogy, the appreciation of each person and, consequently, the inclusion with him, should constitute a principality not so much of theory as of teaching practice. Entity-oriented concepts direct attention among others on the issue of implementation of the idea of inclusive education. The theories of inclusive education demand bold pedagogical concretization. Inclusion is not just a slogan idea of education, but a series of activities, ranging from social attitudes towards people with disabilities, through the construction of an individualized teaching process to specialist student support. The article presents the ideas of inclusions in education, in confrontation with the reality of modern school. The overarching goal became to popularize knowledge about the model of education of a student with disabilities in a public school, with the implementation of the idea already at the planning stage, and then responsible specialist assistance and the implementation of an individualized teaching-learning process.
VERIFICAÇÃO DO EFEITO AGUDO DA MOBILIZAÇÃO ARTICULAR NA FUNÇÃO PULMONAR DE INDIVÍDUOS COM DOENÇA PULMONAR OBSTRUTIVA CRÔNICA (DPOC)
Authors: Dócusse Bruno Paccini Alves , Cipriano Beatriz Anastácio , Delício Ygor Alberti , Santos Felipe Bezerra , Pissulin Flavio Danilo Mungo , Freitas Carlos Eduardo Assunção de
Published: November 2020

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow obstruction and consequent alteration in lung function, compromising respiratory muscle strength and rib cage mobility. Joint mobilization aims to restore arthrokinetic mobility of the rib cage joints; however, there are few studies investigating the efficacy of this approach in patients with COPD. The objective was to evaluate the acute effects of joint mobilization on pulmonary function in individuals with COPD. The sample consisted of six participants with a mean age of 56.33±12.27 years of both sexes, with COPD. Pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry, manuvacuometry and pulse oximetry at two times, before and after treatment. The therapeutic intervention consisted of thoracic spine mobilization, sternal mobilization, and costal arch mobilization techniques, respectively. For the analysis of the results was used the Shapiro Wilk Test and paired Student T test, considering p<0.05. It was observed that there were no statistically significant variations after the application of the techniques in any of the evaluated parameters. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of mobilization techniques on these patients.
Intradisziplinarität in der Lehre
Authors: Otto Jannik
Published: November 2020

Ausgehend vom aktuellen Forschungsstand, der ein Zusammenwachsen der Teilrechtsordnungen attestiert, spricht sich dieser Beitrag für verstärkte intradisziplinäre Verknüpfungen in der Lehre aus. Er begründet, warum die Gemeinsamkeiten und Parallelen der Teilrechtsordnungen Berücksichtigung in der Lehre finden sollten, und macht konkrete Umsetzungsvorschläge. Die Gemeinsamkeiten der Teilrechtsordnungen weisen zumeist auf grundlegende Strukturen der Rechtsordnung und universale Denkmuster hin, deren Offenlegung und Vermittlung den Studierenden lernförderliche Verknüpfungen mit bereits bestehendem Wissen ermöglichen und einen Beitrag zur Schulung „juristischen Denkens“ leisten.
Bedingungen der Aufklärung
Authors: Enskat Rainer
Published: November 2020

Die Untersuchungen dieses Buches knüpfen an die traditionelle Vielstimmigkeit der Bemühungen um eine Klärung der Bedingungen der Aufklärung an. Sie reduzieren deren Komplexität, indem sie fragen: Aufklärung – wodurch, für wen, worüber, wozu?

Ohne moralische, rechtliche, politische und utilitäre Aufklärung weiß die Urteilskraft weder von den fundiertesten wissenschaftlichen Informationen ihrer jeweiligen Zeit noch von den zuverlässigsten wissenschaftsbasierten Handlungstechniken ihrer jeweiligen Zeit in ihrer jeweils konkreten geschichtlichen Situation einen guten Gebrauch zu machen. Wissenschaftliche Informationen bleiben ohne die Obhut einer moralisch, rechtlich, politisch und utilitär aufgeklärten Urteilskraft praktisch stumm. Handlungstechniken, auch wissenschaftsbasierte Handlungstechniken, bleiben ohne eine solche Urteilskraft blind. Auch die beste Aufklärung durch Wissenschaft bleibt praktisch blind und stumm. Es bedarf daher der praktischen Aufklärung der Urteilskraft.
Evaluation of Inhaled Tobramycin in Early Eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Infants With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Choi Jane , Novak Kimberly , Thompson Rohan
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

Early antibiotic therapy has the potential to eradicate initial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and postpone chronic infection. There are limited data evaluating the efficacy and safety of inhaled tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who are younger than 1 year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled tobramycin in early eradication of P aeruginosa in infants with CF.

METHODS

This retrospective study evaluated patients with CF younger than 1 year with first time infection with P aeruginosa. The primary outcome was the frequency of P aeruginosa eradication. Secondary outcomes were sustained culture negativity at 12 and 18 months and safety assessments.

RESULTS

Of 18 patients included in the study, 9 received inhaled tobramycin and an enteral fluoroquinolone and 9 received inhaled tobramycin alone. Microbiologic clearance of respiratory cultures was observed in 83% patients at end of therapy and 78% of patients at 1 month posttherapy. Eradication of P aeruginosa was observed in 56% of patients at 6 months posttreatment with sustained culture negativity observed in 39% of patients up to 18 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Inhaled-tobramycin therapy is effective in early eradication of P aeruginosa infection and is well tolerated in infants younger than 1 year.
PHIs in the investigation of environmental drivers of elevated blood lead
Authors: Tong Esther , Kosatsky Tom
Published: November 2020

As more provinces and territories consider requiring the reporting to public health of clinical blood lead analyses, it is clear that public health inspectors (PHIs) have an important role to play in investigating higher-level results. The familiarity of PHIs with interviewing, inspections, and environmental sampling allows for the extension of their skills and knowledge to support effective investigations and public health interventions on behavioural and environmental sources of lead exposure. Here we review the steps involved in investigating higher-level blood lead reports and the roles and limits of PHI involvement in those investigations.
The preoperative management of dabigatran and its specific antidote idarucizumab in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Case reports
Authors: Tomić Milan
Published: November 2020

Dabigatran is a novel oral anticoagulant preferred due to its ease of use, favorable pharmacokinetics, decreased potential for drug-drug interactions, and the lack of monitoring requirements. With the growing use of dabigatran, it is important to highlight that dabigatran increases the risk of hemorrhage after some procedures. Therefore, when dabigatran is used before the elective or urgent procedures, it is necessary to compare the thromboembolic event risk with the relative risk of bleeding. Before the approval of a reversal agent, the lack of specific antidotes had been the major limitation against the widespread utilization of dabigatran. In October 2015, idarucizumab, a humanized monoclonal antigen-binding antibody fragment capable of reversing the anticoagulant activity of dabigatran, has been introduced into the market to be used in lifethreatening bleeding or urgent surgery. In this manuscript, the preoperative management of dabigatran and the initial experience of using idarucizumab in a patient with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were described. We propose that the option of dabigatran reversal needs to be considered in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. However, additional research is needed to define optimal perioperative management of dabigatran and other novel oral anticoagulants, especially in high bleeding risk patients, and to determine whether pre-procedure coagulation testing should be performed.
Murakami's parallel worlds
Authors: Grubor Svetlana
Published: November 2020

Parallel worlds, alternative reality, interspace, these are the elements that are very noticeable in the works of Haruki Murakami. The other world is a place where its protagonists go in the hope that they will find the truth about themselves there. The search for identity, multiple personality disorder, alienation, loneliness, lack of inventiveness and the problems of modern society are refracted through the prism of parallel worlds that he creates in his works. Lost in the whirlpool of hopelessness, with blurred emotions that are triggered by the harsh reality of life, his characters find their place in that distorted picture of reality. This paper deals with the study of parallel worlds as a phenomenon that Haruki Murakami uses when he sculpts his characters and shapes his novels. The novels The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, 1Q84 and The Norwegian Wood have been analyzed. Parallel worlds into which Murakami's protagonists enter have been presented, as well as alternative reality as a mechanism for completing the image of a human being and his life phases.
Dynamic estimation of the local business environment in support to investment decisions of the top managers
Authors: Petkova Zagorcheva , Yordanov Pavlov
Published: November 2020

Every manager has some investment ideas for business development. Some of the investments are related to a construction of production facilities in new locations and the investors face variety of risks, which even could stop the initial development plans. Many of these risks are due to the lack of reliable data about the business environment in the new areas. Failing the preparation, they would get heavy financial losses. Here comes the science to empower them with proper economic models. The aim of this article is to present how an economic model for estimation of the local business environment can be applied to some Bulgarian cities on the base of the municipality tax system and the local investment policy. Thus the entrepreneurs would be able to compare the business environment in different municipalities, as well as to identify possible dynamics in their trends.
Examining the factors influencing adoption of e-banking services in Chennai City
Authors: Akbar Jan , Mohan Chebolu , Subramani A.K. , Sasikala M.S.
Published: November 2020

India being a developing country still has millions of people who prefers to have traditional branch banking system rather than e-banking. The reason behind their preference is either they hesitate or they don't have sufficient knowledge about the e-banking services. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived barriers, customer attitude, and perceived effectiveness of adoption of e-banking services. An effective number of responses of 470 respondents from both public and private banks' customers were used to examine the hypothesized relationships. Structural equation modelling are performed to test the constructs and their relationships. The study found that there is a direct relationship between perceived usefulness and technology adoption in developing customer attitude toward adoption of e-banking services; whereas, there is no relationship between perceived barriers and technology adoption. The sample size and potential respondents from a selected region of the study may limit its wider applicability and generalization.
Laser treatment of high-performance Kynol fibers: An example as alternative tool for coloration and imaging on surfaces of high-performance fibers
Authors: Borgstädt Tim , Mahltig Boris
Published: November 2020

Novolac resins are used to prepare high-performance flame-retardant fibers, which are also supplied under the brand name Kynol fibers. In the current study, Kynol fiber materials are treated with a laser beam to introduce dark coloration at distinct areas on the textile surface. By this, imaging and writing on the textile surface is possible. For investigation, two different types of Kynol fiber materials are used - a non-woven fiber felt and a woven fabric. It is shown that a laser treatment of medium intensity can introduce a change to dark coloration with good rubbing fastness. The writing of letters and symbols onto fabrics is possible. However, treatments with strong laser intensity lead to significant fiber damages and low rubbing fastness. Nevertheless, the presented method is a promising tool to apply images onto flame retardant fabrics from high performance fibers, which are difficult to dye using conventional techniques of dyeing and printing.
Is Selective Distribution Possible on the Internet? On Restrictions of Online Search Advertising and Online Sales in the Guess Case
Authors:   Warsaw School of Economics (SGH), Targański Bartosz
Published: November 2020

This comment discusses the case AT.4028 of 17 December 2018, where the European Commission imposed a fine of 39.8 million Euro on clothing company Guess for several restrictive provisions in agreements with its distributors in the EEA, including restrictions of online search advertising and online sales. The case demonstrates that e-commerce leads to disintermediation within the supply chain, which in turn leads to tensions between the manufacturer of branded products and authorized distributors operating in a selective distribution system. The case does not provide, however, much practical guidance on how to align online and offline channels into one distribution system supporting a prestigious image of branded products. Therefore, an example of a distribution system integrating online and offline sales from the practice of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is presented.
A feminização do magistério: o lugar da mulher como professora no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba
Authors: Lima Michelle Castro
Published: November 2020

A docência no ensino primário difundida como um “dom” feminino foi um marco na feminização do magistério. Este estudo bibliográfico buscou analisar a formação de professoras da Escola Normal e do Magistério e a relação entre a feminização e o exercício do magistério a partir da análise de 15 dissertações e 5 teses que abordam a formação de professores para atuar na alfabetização no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba, no período de 1946 a 1979. Para desenvolvimento da pesquisa utilizamos como aporte teórico a Nova História Cultural. Identificamos que a escolha pelo magistério não foi motivada por um desejo ou o sonho pela profissão e que a maioria dos alunos eram mulheres. As professoras alfabetizadoras eram direcionadas para esta profissão em decorrência de elementos relacionados com o desejo familiar e a imposição moral vigente, a partir dos valores cristãos disseminados nas Igrejas. Os homens afastaram-se do magistério primário devido à desvalorização da área e aos baixos salários, bem como pela influência da Igreja Católica, que apresentava impedimentos morais para a atuação masculina no ensino primário, enquanto enaltecia o papel da mulher nessa função com base na ideia de vocação e de extensão da maternidade. Neste contexto, era necessário formar professoras para instruir no ensino primário. Esse movimento culminou na feminização do setor.
Las bibliotecas, siempre al rescate de la sociedad
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra
Published: November 2020

Este no está siendo un año más para nadie. Para las bibliotecas tampoco. El pasado 24 de octubre celebraron su día internacional como la pandemia nos tiene acostumbrados: sin actividades presenciales, con aforo restringido, con libros en cuarentena, con geles hidroalcohólicos y mamparas en el mostrador de préstamo… Una celebración extraña, como todo lo demás. Sirva este sencillo artículo como pequeño homenaje a las bibliotecas y a las bibliotecarias y bibliotecarios que han seguido ahí, como siempre, al servicio de la ciudadanía, adaptándose y acompañándonos en estos tiempos tan difíciles.
Modeļa parametru identifikācijas metodes pielietošana elektropārvades līniju pretavāriju automātikā
Authors:   , Zālītis Ivars
Published: November 2020

Pārvades līnijas ir neatņemama pārvades tīkla sastāvdaļa, kura ir nemitīgi pakļauta antropogēnas un dabīgas izcelsmes bojājumu riska faktoriem. Līdz ar to pārvades līniju aizsardzībai un automātikai jābūt maksimāli robustai un drošai. Mūsdienās pārvades līnijām pielietotā distantaizsardzība un daļa no bojājuma vietas noteikšanas metodēm izmanto nepilnīgu mērījumu kopu, kas var novest pie to kļūdainas vai nekorektas darbības, ja bojājumam ir liela pārejas pretestība. Minēto distantaizsardzības un bojājuma vietas noteicēju, kuri izmanto vienpusējus mērījumus, trūkumu novēršanai piedāvāts pielietot modeļa parametru identifikāciju, realizējot šīs funkcijas ar optimizācijas palīdzību. Pieejamās informācijas apjoma palielinājums panākts izmantojot visus pieejamos mērījumus no kontrolētās apakšstacijas, tādā veidā izvairoties no tālsakaru tīklu nepieciešamības, un otru parametru identifikācijas posmu pirmsavārijas režīma laikā, kas ir līdzīgs bojājuma režīma parametru identifikācijas posmam, bet izmanto nelineāru tīkla modeli, lai ievērotu regulatoru ietekmi. Disertācijā aprakstīti arī uz simetrisko sastāvdaļu un topoloģiskās modelēšanas metodēm balstīti pirmsavārijas un avārijas režīmu modelēšanas paņēmieni, kas dod iespēju izmantot paplašināto mērījumu kopu. Piedāvātā metode tika plaši testēta dažādos scenārijos, vienlaikus salīdzinot divas dažādas optimizācijā izmantoto mērījumu izvēles stratēģijas. Darbā piedāvāto metodi un tās rezultātus iespējams izmantot arī citām aizsardzības un automātikas funkcijām, kā tas parādīts, izstrādājot adaptīvu vienfāzes automātiskās atkalieslēgšanas algoritmu. Piedāvāto metodi var izmantot, izstrādājot robustus bojājuma vietas noteikšanas, distantaizsardzības un vienfāzes automātiskās atkalieslēgšanas algoritmus un ierīces. Šo metodi iespējams arī tālāk modificēt vai tiešā veidā pielietot citu pārvades līniju automātikas un aizsardzības funkciju attīstīšanai. Papildus dotie modelēšanas paņēmieni izmantojami esošo relejaizsardzības un automātikas metožu analīzei un pilnveidei.
Unholy goals and flawed methods
Authors: Wien Charlotte , Dorch Bertil Fabricius
Published: November 2020

A problematic practice has evolved, which is threatening to undermine research in the social sciences and humanities. Bibliometrics is often claimed to be able to measure researchers’ efficiency. We find this quite problematic and, in this article, we illustrate this point by discussing two different bibliometric practices. One is the so-called h-index, the other the so-called BFI-points (Den bibliometriske Forskningsindikator, The Bibliometric Research Indicator). The BFI was never intended to be used for evaluating individual researchers and their productivity. Yet since its introduction in 2008 especially the social sciences and the humanities experience a pressure to deliver “BFI points” and academic job advertisements within the social sciences and the humanities increasingly mention expectations for people’s past and/or future production of BFI points. The h-index is even more problematic because no one academic database covers all the research publications in the world. The whole thing is completely disorganized, and as many as five different h-indexes exist for each researcher. What makes the h-index even more useless is that it will not let you make comparisons across disciplines. Furthermore, like other simple measurements, it is liable to be manipulated and misinterpreted. On that background, it is remarkable that numbers extracted from incomplete databases are used for describing the quality of researchers and their institutions.
Sincere Cooperation, Mutual Trust, and Mutual Recognition in Social Security Coordination
Authors: Wenander Henrik
Published: November 2020

This article looks into the meaning of the concepts of sincere cooperation, mutual trust, and mutual recognition in EU social security coordination. It analyses the legislative choice of coordination as the main regulatory mechanism in the field, and examines the role of administrative
cooperation. Furthermore, the article highlights the challenges that arise in situations where mutual recognition is required under the Regulations, as in connection with portable documents relating to the posting of workers. It also considers the limits to mutual trust via the principle of
prohibition of fraud and abuse of rights established in the case law of the CJEU on free movement. In the last few years, this principle has been extended into the field of social security law, notably in Altun. In this way, the coordination regime does not require totally blind trust: rather,
it balances the Member States' interests of maintaining the integrity of their social security systems with the Union interest of simplifying free movement. As in other fields of EU law relating to free movement, the mutual trust between the Member States in social security coordination may
therefore be set aside in extraordinary cases.
Mutual Recognition in the Spanish Multi-level Administrative State
Authors: Jiménez Luis Arroyo
Published: November 2020

Mutual recognition is a shorthand for the obligation of authorities of jurisdiction A to give effect to legal rules or acts passed by authorities of jurisdiction B. Thus, mutual recognition gives rise to cross-border effects of general or individual decisions. Such an obligation can
arise from an agreement reached by those jurisdictions, or from a higher law that imposes it upon them. In this paper, I explore the role of mutual recognition between Spanish autonomous regions. The case of Spain is interesting from a comparative standpoint because regions enjoy important
competences in the field of market regulation, the implementation of which can create risks in terms of market integration. These risks have traditionally been managed with the principles of cooperation and market unity. In 2013, the Spanish Parliament decided to go beyond that and passed
a law establishing a region of origin rule. This was subsequently declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court, by virtue of the principle of regional autonomy under Article 2 of the Spanish Constitution. The story of Spain shows the scope, limits and constitutional problems of mutual
recognition in a multilevel administrative State.
ADE-TLM Algorithm for Modeling Wave Propagation in Biological Tissues with Debye Dispersion
Authors: Kanjaa M. , El Mrabet O. , El Adraoui S. , Mounirh K. , Khalladi M.
Published: November 2020

In this paper we present a Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) algorithm for the simulation of electromagnetic wave interaction with a Debye dispersive medium. This new formulation is based on the use of the polarization currents in the medium. The auxiliary differential equation (ADE) method is considered to deal with dispersion after the classical discretization. The accuracy and efficiency of this approach were tested on 1D Debye medium by calculating the reflection coefficient on an air-dielectric interface. The potential of the developed algorithm to model the existence of tumors in a human breast is also demonstrated. The obtained results compared with the analytic model show a good agreement. The number of operations needed for each iteration has been reduced, hence the computational time in comparison with time convolution techniques, while maintaining a comparable numerical accuracy.
Optimization of Micro-Thruster Cold Gas Propulsion System Design for Space Applications
Authors: Olusegun Lawal Ismail , Cyril Ogundola Abayomi , Kayode Ajobiewe Victor , Oluwasegun Ikare Johnson
Published: November 2020

Comparing the complexity of the hardware and the control system, cold gas micro thrusters are much more simplified than other propulsion thrusters. Numerical calculation was carried out for mass requirement, mass flow rate, valves, feed system and computational fluid dynamics with finite element analysis was used for tank, pipe and nozzle design. Four different materials: Structural steel, Stainless steel, Aluminum and Titanium, were considered for tank design. They were subjected to the same conditions for four different tank geometries. The propulsion system was designed to be able to produce between 1 and 2 minutes of continuous thrust and the sudden impulses of between 0.8 and 1 seconds of gas expulsion, with over 20 impulses as desired thrust time. The mass and the volume needed for multiple tank geometries, concepts, and materials were determined. The main performance characteristics of the micro thrusters evaluated were Pressure Distribution, Velocity Profile, Temperature Distribution, Nozzle Efficiency and the corresponding Mach Number Distribution. This work is to provide a stable and controllable platform for testing equipment that can be ultimately applied to space applications.
Spatial Assessment of Urbanization Using GIS in Selected Neighbourhoods of Port Harcourt Metropolis
Authors: Bassey Asa Ekpo , Ede Precious Nwobidi , Wokekoro Ebiwari
Published: November 2020

This study analyzed the spatial assessment of urbanization in Mgbougba, PH Township, Orazi Rumueme, and Eligbam Rumueme using GIS to determine the spatial and temporal changes. This study adopted data from a secondary source, which includes Landsat (7) TM Thematic Mapper of 1999, 2009 and 2019 of the study areas which were further analyzed to determine spatial and temporal changes that have occurred in the study areas. Findings from this study based on the classified Landsat imageries revealed that in Mgbougba, spatial changes were observed as a result of an increase in built area value of 591 in 1999 to 4066 in 2009 and to 6661 in 2019, hence, caused a reduction in vegetation cover with the value of 5038 in 1999 to 3733 in 2009 and to 1515 in 2019 and also a reduction of water body with a value of 363 in 1999 to 276 in 2009, with the absence of water body in 2019. Spatial changes also occurred in PH Township built-up areas indicating an increase in signature values from 3329 in 1999 to 4646 in 2009 and to 6276 in 2019. There was a decrease in vegetation cover of 2044 in 1999 to 1325 in 2009 and 1258 in 2019, bare land also showed a reduction in signature values of 1239 in 1999 to 1142 in 2009 and 791 in 2019 and finally a reduction of water body from 700 in 1999 to 658 in 2009 and 600 in 2019. In Orazi Rumueme, it revealed there was a significant expansion of built-up area value from 2514 in 1999 to 2978 in 2009 and 3936 in 2019. There was a decline in vegetation cover with a value of 678 in 1999 to 517 in 2009 and 426 in 2019.  Spatial changes in Eligbam Rumueme, showed that built-up area value increased from 780 in 1999 to 878 in 2009 and 1164 in 2019, thus, resulting to a reduction in the vegetation cover with a value from 625 in 1999 to 537 in 2009 and 251 in 2019 which indicated that urbanization led to significant spatial changes in built-up areas, vegetation cover, bare land and water body in the selected neighborhoods. However, the identified pattern of urbanization in the study areas showed that the selected neighborhoods possessed more built-up areas as of 2019 when compared to 1999 and 2009. The spatial analysis of urbanization using GIS aided in understanding the spatial changes that have occurred in the selected neighborhoods and provided plans for sustainable development.
Oral Hygiene Practices among People in Salem District
Authors: Kishore S. Obuli Ganesh , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Sasanka Keerthi
Published: November 2020

Oral hygiene is an important aspect of dental health and is considered to be an essential field as it involves both the oral and general health of the individual. Maintaining proper oral hygiene is essential and requires knowledge that should be imposed on people by a well-trained health educator. Oral health is not only implied by proper brushing, but also through frequent and regular visits to the dentist which helps in early detection and diagnosis of both oral and general diseases. The present study was conducted to assess the knowledge about oral hygiene and to determine the need to spread awareness on the same. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 9 questions was circulated and the results were interpreted. The present study inferred that most of the people were aware of maintaining proper oral hygiene but however felt that there was a lack of established dental clinics around the urban areas. Further, there was a need to instill the importance of regular dental check-ups and spread awareness on the ill- effects of improper oral hygiene. The study concluded that there was a need to enhance the knowledge of the population on the importance of good oral hygiene and dental check-ups.
Advanced Platelet- Rich Fibrin (A-PRF): A Gender Based Study on Cell Population
Authors: Kumaran Harini , Arjunkumar Radhika , Abilasha R.
Published: November 2020

Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a natural fibrin-based biomaterial prepared from an anticoagulant-free blood harvest without any artificial biochemical modification that allows obtaining fibrin membranes enriched with platelets and growth factors. PRF is superior to other platelet concentrates like Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) due to its ease and inexpensive method of preparation and also it does not need any addition of exogenous compounds like bovine thrombin and calcium chloride. A blood sample of 10 individuals with healthy periodontium and no systemic diseases was collected and centrifuged to get platelet rich fibrin. Platelet rich fibrin is studied histologically to compare the ability of tissue regeneration and wound healing capacity between males and females. Neutrophils and lymphocytes are increased in A-PRF compared to S-PRF. Neutrophils and lymphocytes are proportionately more in males than females in both A-PRF and S-PRF. Monocytes are similar in A-PRF & S-PRF. Cells are more concentrated in S-PRF. Cells are more widely distributed in A-PRF. Fibrin is more dense in A-PRF compared to S-PRF. Hence A-PRF especially in males could have a greater potential of tissue regeneration and wound healing capacity. Although it is not conclusive due to limited sample size, further increase in sample size can throw more light on the clinical implications. The difference in regenerative potential of platelet concentrates can pave the way for specialised and focussed treatment strategies resulting in more favourable patient outcomes.
Knowledge and Awareness on Fumigation of Operation Theaters among Dental Undergraduates
Authors: Umaiyal M. Pooja , Ganapathy Dhanraj , Velayudhan Ashok , Pandurangan Kirankumar
Published: November 2020

Disinfectants play a vital role in global infection control as a crucial weapon against the transmission of nosocomial pathogens/infections combating global disease outbreak. Because of the multifactor causation of infections the environment of operation theatre plays a great role in the onset and spread of infections. As in this advancing medical era, the microbial contamination of the hospital environment, especially the operating theatre, intensive care units had continued an increased prevalence of nosocomial infection. The people who are at risk do not only involve the patients but the health professions including the nurses as well. The aim of this study was to provide and assess knowledge on fumigation of operation theatres among the dental undergraduates. A cross-sectional study was conducted online with a pre-structured questionnaire containing 10 questions among the 100 undergraduates. Persistent data were extracted and analyzed using SPSS software by IBM. A total of 100 undergraduates attended the online survey among which 78.8% were interns followed by 12.12% and 9.1% of third years and final year dental undergraduates respectively. The most commonly used fumigants opted by the participants were predominantly of formaldehyde with 89% followed by phosphine 9%. Regarding the methods of fumigation, awareness on the electric boiler fumigation method and potassium permanganate method was predominantly high among the interns with 58.9% and 84.62% respectively. Within the limits of this study, formaldehyde was the predominantly opted type of fumigant. The potassium permanganate method of fumigation was predominantly known among the participants when compared to the electric boiler fumigation method. However, the majority of participants were unaware of the emerging compounds named Virkon and Bacillocid Rasant. These were assessed along with other factors like awareness of ammonia neutralization and also the risk involved in the fumigation process.
Sergio Figueiredo Ferretti: antropólogo e pesquisador da Casa das Minas (MA) (1937-2018)
Authors: Ferreti Mundicarmo
Published: November 2020

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A insondável vida do lucumí Juan Nepomuceno Prieto
Authors: Los Angeles Maria De , Perera Aisnara
Published: November 2020

Resenha de:
LOVEJOY, Henry B.. Prieto: Yoruba Kingship in Colonial Cuba during the Age of Revolutions. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018. 240p.
Uma mulher, dois maridos e novas dimensões da escravidão atlântica
Authors: Lara Silvia Hunold
Published: November 2020

Resenha de:
CASTELNAU-L’ESTOILE, Charlotte de. Páscoa et ses deux maris. Une esclave entre Angola, Brésil et Portugal au XVIIe siècle. Paris: PUF, 2019. 304p.
Surface and build‐up dose comparison between Elekta 6 MV flattening filter and flattening‐filter‐free beams using an advanced Markus ionization chamber and a solid water‐equivalent phantom
Authors: Imae Toshikazu , Takenaka Shigeharu , Watanabe Yuichi , Aoki Atsushi , Matsuda Kanako , Sasaki Katsutake , Saegusa Shigeki , Nawa Kanabu , Nakagawa Keiichi , Abe Osamu
Published: November 2020

Using a plane‐parallel advanced Markus ionization chamber and a stack of water‐equivalent solid phantom blocks, percentage surface and build‐up doses of Elekta 6 MV flattening filter (FF) and flattening‐filter‐free (FFF) beams were measured as a function of the phantom depth for field sizes ranging from 2 × 2 to 10 × 10 cm2. It was found that the dose difference between the FF and the FFF beams was relatively small. The maximum dose difference between the FF and the FFF beams was 4.4% at a depth of 1 mm for a field size of 2 × 2 cm2. The dose difference was gradually decreased while the field size was increased up to 10 × 10 cm2. The measured data were also compared to published Varian FF and FFF data, suggesting that the percentage surface and build‐up doses as well as the percentage dose difference between FF and FFF beams by our Elekta linac were smaller than those by the Varian linac.
Ring trial of 2nd generation RT‐QuIC diagnostic tests for sporadic CJD
Authors: Orrú Christina D. , Groveman Bradley R. , Foutz Aaron , Bongianni Matilde , Cardone Franco , McKenzie Neil , Culeux Audrey , Poleggi Anna , Grznarova Katarina , Perra Daniela , Fiorini Michele , Liu Xiaoqin , Ladogana Anna , Sbriccoli Marco , Hughson Andrew G. , Haïk Stéphane , Green Alison J. , Geschwind Michael D. , Pocchiari Maurizio , Safar Jiri G. , Zanusso Gianluigi , Caughey Byron
Published: November 2020

Objective

Real‐time quaking‐induced conversion (RT‐QuIC) assays detect prion‐seeding activity in a variety of human biospecimens, including cerebrospinal fluid and olfactory mucosa swabs. The assay has shown high diagnostic accuracy in patients with prion disorders. Recently, advances in these tests have led to markedly improved diagnostic sensitivity and reduced assay times. Accordingly, an algorithm has been proposed that entails the use of RT‐QuIC analysis of both sample types to diagnose sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease with nearly 100% accuracy. Here we present a multi‐center evaluation (ring trial) of the reproducibility of these improved “second generation” RT‐QuIC assays as applied to these diagnostic specimens.

Methods

Cerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed from subjects with sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob (n = 55) or other neurological diseases (n = 45) at multiple clinical centers. Olfactory mucosa brushings collected by multiple otolaryngologists were obtained from nine sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease cases and 19 controls. These sample sets were initially tested blindly by RT‐QuIC by a coordinating laboratory, recoded, and then sent to five additional testing laboratories for blinded ring trial testing.

Results

Unblinding of the results by a third party indicated 98‐100% concordance between the results obtained by the testing of these cerebrospinal fluid and nasal brushings at the six laboratories.

Interpretation

This second‐generation RT‐QuIC assay is highly transferrable, reproducible, and therefore robust for the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in clinical practice.
Hydrogel Cryo‐Microtomy Continuously Making Soft Electronic Devices
Authors: Fu Xuemei , Li Jiaxin , Tang Chengqiang , Xie Songlin , Sun Xuemei , Wang Bingjie , Peng Huisheng
Published: November 2020

Standard fabrication of soft electronic devices with both high controllability and yield is highly desirable but remains a challenge due to the modulus mismatch of component materials through a one‐step process. Here, by mimicking the freeze‐section process of multicomponent biological tissues containing low‐modulus muscles and high‐modulus bones, for the first time, a hydrogel cryo‐microtomy method to continuously making soft electronic devices based on a sol‐solid‐gel transition mechanism is presented. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrolyte and aligned nitrogen‐doped multi‐walled carbon nanotube (N‐MWCNT) array electrode are demonstrated as low‐ and high‐modulus components to fabricate soft supercapacitors with high performances. Stable interfaces form between frozen PVA electrolyte and N‐MWCNT electrodes with matched moduli at subzero temperature and are well maintained during cryo‐microtomy process. The resulting soft supercapacitors realize controllable patterns, tunable thicknesses from 0.5 to 600 μm, high yields such as 20 devices per minute even at lab scale, and high reproducibility with over 75% devices in 15% performance fluctuation. This cryo‐microtomy method is further generalized to fabricate other soft devices such as sensors with high sensing properties.