bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joint Involvement in Patients with LPS-Responsive and Beige-Like Anchor Protein (LRBA) Deficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Rasouli Seyed Erfan , Sharifinejad Niusha , Fallahi Mazdak , Hashemi Moghaddam Seyedeh Atefeh , Jamee Mahnaz , Rekabi Mahsa , Daneshmand Zahra , Mahdaviani Seyed Alireza , Velayati Ali Akbar
Published: January 2022

Background: Lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige-like anchor (LRBA) deficiency is an inborn error of immunity characterized by a heterogeneous spectrum of manifestations, including enteropathy, immune dysregulation, and autoimmune disorder. Joint involvement has been less frequently reported, and limited data regarding its clinical presentation in LRBA deficiency has been published.
Case presentation and review results: We reported an Iranian girl who was initially presented with recurrent respiratory tract infections and otitis media, later complicated by arthritis, growth failure, and organomegaly. The diagnosis of LRBA deficiency was confirmed by the identification of a novel homozygous missense variant in the LRBA gene (c.7742T>A, p.M2581K). Along with this report, a literature review focused on joint involvement, on 26 patients with LRBA deficiency was performed.
Conclusion: Non-infectious manifestations such as joint involvement have a broad spectrum in LRBA deficiency. For the timely diagnosis and appropriate clinical management, LRBA deficiency should always be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in patients with joint involvement and clinically typical immune dysregulation.
Estilo de vida: saúde mental e comportamento preventivo em adolescentes
Authors: Xavier Lais Castilho , Santos Larissa Ferreira dos , Santos Maria Clara Álvaro , Jacques Nívea Maria de Oliveira , Machado Frederico Sander Mansur , Silva Adelson Fernandes da
Published: January 2022

Este é um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e transversal, realizado em escolas de uma cidade do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2017, com objetivo de avaliar a percepção de saúde mental e da adoção de comportamento preventivo em jovens escolares. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o questionário intitulado “Estilo de Vida do Adolescente Manauara”. Utilizou-se análise descritiva com frequências absolutas e relativas e comparação por meio do teste Qui-quadrado. Participaram 583 alunos da rede pública de ensino, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos, sendo 41,3 % do sexo feminino e 58,7 % do sexo masculino. Quanto à saúde mental dos escolares, 67% das adolescentes e 48,1% dos adolescentes apresentaram nível de estresse alto. 40,2% das jovens e 30,1% dos jovens demonstraram percepção de saúde satisfatória. Em contrapartida, os escolares apresentaram resultados negativos quanto ao uso de preservativos, destacando a quantidade de escolares que às vezes ou nunca usaram: 31,5% dos adolescentes e 25,4% das adolescentes. Sugere-se ações de educação em saúde na escola e pelo próprio setor saúde com vistas a melhor estilo de vida em adolescentes.
Perfil e adesão à terapia antirretroviral de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS
Authors: Carvalho Patrícia Paiva , Barroso Sabrina Martins , Correia Filho Dalmo , Rossato Lucas , Penaforte Fernanda Rodrigues de Oliveira
Published: January 2022

Estudo transversal e descritivo, realizado em um ambulatório de doenças infecciosas e parasitárias de um hospital universitário, localizado em uma cidade de médio porte do interior do estado de Minas Gerais, realizado no primeiro semestre de 2017, com objetivo de identificar o perfil e os níveis de adesão aos antirretrovirais das pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids. Utilizou-se: Questionário de caracterização elaborado para a pesquisa; Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Stress - Versão Abreviada; Cuestionario para la Evaluación de la Adhesión al Tratamiento Antirretroviral - Versão em Português; e Questionário de dados nutricionais e complementares. Realizou-se análise estatística-descritiva com distribuição de frequência e porcentagem de variáveis categóricas e medidas de tendência central e de dispersão de variáveis contínuas. Foram entrevistadas 190 pessoas, das quais 51,6% eram homens, média de 44,9 anos (+12,0), com baixa renda (64,7%) e baixa escolaridade (57,8%). A maioria tinha 10 anos ou mais de infecção (54,2%) e apresentava carga viral indetectável (68,9%). Conforme o registro na farmácia e o questionário de avaliação de adesão ao tratamento, foram considerados aderentes 11,1% e 69,0% dos entrevistados, respectivamente. Foram encontradas taxas altas de não-adesão, reforçando a importância dos serviços monitorarem a adesão aos antirretrovirais para a detecção precoce da não-adesão.
Fatores de risco associados à síndrome metabólica em mulheres com tireoidite crônica autoimune
Authors: Prezotto Marina Destefano , Da Silva Adriana Paula , Fonseca Elvi Cristina Rojas , Franciscon Priscila de Melo , Borges Maria de Fátima
Published: January 2022

Este é um estudo de corte transversal com delineamento descritivo, com dois grupos populacionais, tipo antes e depois, com abordagem quantitativa do tipo analítica com correlação entre variáveis, realizado entre 2018 e 2019, com objetivo de analisar fatores de risco cardiometabólicos, clínicos e laboratoriais associados à síndrome metabólica em mulheres com tireoidite crônica autoimune eutireoideas, na pré e pós-menopausa, acompanhadas em serviço terciário. Participaram 109 mulheres, sendo 56 com Tireoidite Crônica Autoimune em status eutireoideo e 53 sem disfunção tireoidiana. Das 56 mulheres, 25 foram incluídas no grupo com Tireoidite Crônica Autoimune na pré-menopausa e 31 foram incluídas na pós-menopausa e, das 53 mulheres com função tireoidiana normal, 25 foram incluídas no grupo comparativo na pré-menopausa e 28 no grupo comparativo na pós-menopausa. O perfil metabólico sugeriu resistência insulínica, com taxas mais elevadas no grupo com tireoidite pré e pós-menopausa e grupo controle pós, bem como perfil lipídico desfavorável. Apresentaram síndrome metabólica 36% do grupo afetado pré-menopausa e 51,6% do grupo afetado pós, contra nenhuma e 14,3% dos grupos comparativos, respectivamente. Se resistência insulínica ou obesidade decorreram da tireoidite, o estudo não permitiu concluir. Pacientes com tireoidite devem receber atenção com relação ao perfil lipídico.
Caderneta do diabético e do hipertenso: adaptação da caderneta de saúde da pessoa idosa para a assistência de enfermagem na atenção secundária
Authors: Giovanini Francine Santos , De Oliveira Bárbara Longhi , Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Helú Mendonça , Paschoal Vânia Del’Arco , Pompeo Daniele Alcalá , Werneck Alexandre Lins
Published: January 2022

Estudo transversal com delineamento descritivo, abordagem quantitativa do tipo analítica, realizado no ano de 2021, em ambulatório de especialidades da cidade de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, com objetivo de apresentar uma versão adaptada da carteira de saúde da pessoa idosa a usuários com diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial em atenção secundária. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos: um para avaliar o tratamento antes da experiência e outra após a experiência com a caderneta (instrumento de coleta 1) e a Caderneta do Diabético e Hipertenso (instrumento de coleta 2 adaptada da caderneta de saúde da pessoa idosa). Participaram 50 pacientes, dos quais 60% eram mulheres entre 51 a >60 anos, 72% com diabetes mellitus tipo II e 56% com hipertensão arterial. Relataram que a caderneta colaborou com tratamento (94%), horário de medicação, alimentação, participação no tratamento; e leram toda a caderneta (78%). Em termos de associação antes e depois, as questões com maior significância foram: tomar as medicações no horário estabelecido, encaixar os horários dos remédios nas atividades do dia a dia e cumprir o tratamento sem supervisão de sua família ou amigos. A caderneta adaptada mostrou-se importante instrumento, sobretudo de educação em saúde na atenção secundária, com vista na ampliação de conhecimento, bem como facilitar a assistência de enfermagem.
Investigating the quality-of-life scale in patients with placental adhesion disorder undergoing a cesarean hysterectomy and partial uterine resection
Authors: TANRIDAN OKÇU Nefise , UYSAL Gulsum , GÜRBÜZ Tuğba , NAZİK Hakan , NARİN Raziye
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the postoperative quality-of-life of patients with placental adhesion disorder undergoing a cesarean hysterectomy and partial uterine resection.
Methods: This was a prospective study performed on 40 patients aged from 25 to 35 years. The subjects were divided into two groups based on whether the uterus was preserved or not following a cesarean hysterectomy and on partial uterine resection. The Turkish version of SF-36 Quality-of-life Scale consisting of 36 items and 8 subscales was applied to the patients.
Results: The participants had a mean age of 31.3  ±  3.2 years. The mean parity, number of cesarean sections and body mass index was 3.45, 3.22 and 29.1  ±  2.9, respectively. The mean physical function score was 83.4  ±  11.61 in the cesarean hysterectomy group and 93.67  ±  8.55 in the partial uterine resection group. A significant difference was found between the cesarean hysterectomy and partial uterine resection groups in terms of their health-related quality-of-life (p  =  0.005).
Conclusions: Patients who underwent partial uterine resection had improved health-related quality-of-life compared to patients who had a cesarean hysterectomy. Choosing uterus-preserving surgery in suitable patients by evaluating the degree of placental adhesion and adhesion size may have a positive effect on the quality-of-life after surgery.
Probiotic potential and nutritional importance of teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter) ENJERRA - A review.
Authors:   Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU), Ethiopia, Mezemir S
Published: January 2022

Fermentation of cereals for a limited time improves amino acid composition and vitamin content, increases protein and starch availabilities, and lowers the levels of antinutrients. Although cereals are deficient in some basic components (example, essential amino acids), fermentation may be the most simple and economical way of improving their nutritional value, sensory properties, and functional qualities. Functional foods have nutritional and physiological benefits and are applicable in disease prevention and management. Enjerra (Injera) is the national food of Ethiopians. It can be made from different cereals, including sorghum, teff, corn, finger millet and barley, although teff [Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter] is the major cereal ingredient in Ethiopian enjerra. Interest in teff has increased noticeably due to its very attractive nutritional profile and gluten-free nature of the grain, making it a suitable substitute for wheat and other cereals in their food applications as well as foods for people with celiac disease. Because of its small size, teff is made into whole-grain flour (bran and germ included), resulting in a very high fibre content and high nutrient content in general. In traditional approaches of teff fermentation, the advantages of some form of inoculation of a new batch, such as backslopping or the repeated use of the same container and a liquid starter ‘ersho’, are appreciated and generally practised. Still, the benefits of starter culture application as a means of improved functionality are not yet realised in teff fermentation operations. Enjerra quality, safety and functionality would be significantly improved through optimization of the traditional fermentation process on the basis of multifunctional considerations, also taking into account the dominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts involved, and possibilities offered for improved health benefits. There is considerably less information with regard to quality and functionality of teff enjerra. In this review, the available literature concerning teff enjerra fermentation process, involved microorganisms’ dynamics, the nutritional improvement of teff by fermentation and its potential functional (probiotics and prebiotics) properties have been compiled and are critically analyzed. Future research needs to improve teff enjerra’s nutritional and probiotic properties, and the possibilities for industrialization of its production are addressed.
Optimum resource allocation among selected smallholder root and tuber crops farmers in Abia State, Nigeria
Authors:   Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Nigeria, Igwe KC , Nwaru JC , Igwe COK ,   Extension Services Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Nigeria, Asumugha GN
Published: January 2022

This study examined optimum cropping patterns for selected root and tuber crop based production and resource allocation of smallholder farmers in Abia State, Nige ria, using the linear programming approach. The objective function was to maximize gross revenue from the production of selected root and tuber crop based production activities subject to land, labour and minimum subsistence family staple food consumption. Cost route approach was used to collect data from a random sample of 60 smallholder farmers in the state using the multistage stratified technique for location. The activities incorporated in the LP model include crop production activities, labour activities and product selling activities. Crop production activities comprise sole crops and crop mixtures. Existing selected crop activities were compared with their optimum counterparts. Resource allocation was compared between farm land owners and tenants wit h the aim of investigating their relative competitiveness in major root crop based production combination. Results showed that the sampled farmers were not optimal in their resource allocation. There was gross misallocation of labour for both land owners a nd tenant farmer. For the selected root and tuber crops, yam, cocoyam and cassava crop activities were found in their soles in the existing plan whereas crop mixtures were dominance in the optimal plan except cocoyam for the tenants’ category. However, optimal farm plans favoured fewer crops than in the existing plan. Cassava/melon, yam/maize and cocoyam/melon were the crop activities prescribed for an average land owner to maximize gross margin of N231,119.40K as against N190,265.00K in the existing plan (an increase of 21.48%) while for the farm tenants N 190,671.30K was prescribed as optimal gross margin as against N 184,600.00K (an increase of 3.29%) . Yam/melon and Cassava/cocoyam/maize had the least tendency to depress farm income if forced into the plan for the land owners and farm tenants respectively. Farmers’ purchasing power would be enhanced given optimal crop production activity combination and land resource allocation.
¿Se puede emplazar la demanda vía aplicativo Whatsapp o correo electrónico?. Breve ensayo sobre el derecho de defensa y de notificación de las Resoluciones Judiciales en el Proceso Civil Peruano
Authors: Zegarra Valencia Francisco
Published: January 2022

A través de este trabajo de investigación, el autor analizará las garantías procesales peruanas y españolas que involucran el acto de emplazar la demanda al domicilio legal del demandado. Para ello, se explicarán las razones por las que no resulta válido emplazar al demandado mediante aplicativo WhatsApp y/o un correo electrónico. Para estos efectos, se analizará las garantías que involucran el acto de emplazar la demanda, las cuales van más allá de la garantía de que el demandado tome conocimiento.
Physico-chemical, Sensorial and Microbiological Quality of Frozen Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Slices
Authors: Geethu M. , Gomez Saji , Kumar K. Ajith
Published: January 2022

Background: Avocado (Persea americana Mill), is a subtropical, evergreen fruit tree belonging to the family Lauraceae. Due to the unique climacteric nature of the fruit, avocado starts ripening immediately after harvest and have poor post harvest life. Since thermal processing has adverse effects on the fruit quality, avocado processing is challenging. Methods: Avocado fruit slices were subjected to quick freezing (-20oC within 30 minutes) after pre-treatment with sucrose (20-40%), ascorbic acid (0.5%) along with one of the antimicrobial compounds like potassium metabisulphite, sodium benzoate or potassium sorbate (0.1%) and subsequently packed in 200 gauge LDPE pouches stored at -18oC. Result: Avocado slices treated with 40% sucrose, 0.5% ascorbic acid along with 0.1% potassium metabisulphite (T7) recorded with higher ascorbic acid (92 mg/100 g) after one month and total protein (1.43 g/100 g) content after three months of storage and desirably lowest values in polyphenol oxidase activity throughout the storage, peroxide value (15.56 mEq/kg) and water activity (0.956) after one month of storage was observed as the best method of preservation.
Creating Children’s Books to Promote Exposure and Build Communication Skills in Engineering
Authors: Bosman Lisa , Chelberg Kelli
Published: January 2022

In an attempt to overcome barriers faced by engineering students, a strengths-based approach to an Introduction to Engineering course was developed and deployed at a minority-serving institution in the US Midwest. This course-based research experience provided an environment that allowed students to learn about various engineering disciplines and improve their communication skills while engaging in a constructivist-grounded process. Students were asked to construct their knowledge and make meaning of the engineering disciplines through the creation of a children’s book that introduced young readers to engineering. Although book creation in an engineering course may seem unconventional to many, this course produced students with sound communication skills and a fundamental understanding of engineering that has laid the foundation for their academic careers.
Komnas HAM, Investigating Serious Human Rights Violations
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin
Published: January 2022

This paper reviews the dynamics and challenges of the investigation conducted by Komnas HAM in accordance with Law No. 26/2000 of the Human Rights Court. In addition, this paper also explains the dynamics between Komnas HAM and the Attorney General as an investigator in Law No.26/2000. A critical related issue is the provision of the authority to investigate the National Human Rights Commission and the Attorney General's Office, which have been a serious obstacle to resolving gross human rights violations in Indonesia. This article also provides an analysis of the likely challenges faced by Komnas HAM in future investigations.
The Sino-US Conflict in the Light of History of International Relations
Authors: Lukin A.
Published: January 2022

This article addresses the current confrontation between the United States and China in the context of the history of international relations and civilization expansions. The work demonstrates how most attempts to analyze the essence of this important phenomenon in modern world politics are based on too narrow a view: both from the standpoint of world history and the entire system of modern international relations. The author introduces the concepts of “Westernism” and “Westernist period” in order to describe the modern world. These terms are reminiscent of “Hellenism” and “Hellenistic period”, which the period of the global spread of Western civilizational models. Using world history as an example, the author examines characteristic features of such periods and concludes that the wide geographical spread of the cultural forms of any civilization and the civilizational unity caused by it historically did not lead to complete political unity. As a rule, this spread ended in a period of fragmentation, which in the sense of international relations can be called multipolarity. The author infers that the current Sino-US conflict is neither purely civilizational nor geopolitical, but it demonstrates that civilizationally united westernized world enters a period of political fragmentation. This is how one should understand the process, which in the modern foreign policy language is called the transition from unipolarity to multipolarity.
The Post-Trump US Policy in Mena Region and the Interests of the Russian Federation
Authors: Aksenenok A. , Fradkova V.
Published: January 2022

The article explores the emerging contours of the new American policy in the Middle East against the background of unprecedented and confusing domestic political affairs resulting from a highly questioned electoral outcome as well as D. Trump`s complicated “fait accompli” legacy in the Middle East. The first political initiatives of Joe Biden demonstrate that unlike previous transition periods of incorporating Middle East into a revised global American strategy the current moment is fraught with difficulties. The authors examine the key regional priorities and the nature of “recalibration” process to a number of crucial issues in the region. Among them are as follows: the renewal of the Iranian deal, lessening tension in the Gulf, tackling Palestinian problem in the light of D. Trump`s withdrawal from the internationally accepted a “two-state-solution” approach, political settlement in Libya and Syria. The authors draw a conclusion that even though rethinking Middle East role within the US global foreign policy strategy has already started, the process is slow and cautious since the Congressional mood as well as the partisan reaction should be taken into consideration. Chinese containment strategy and counteracting “Russian threat” are the aims topping the political agenda which means a disengagement from a conflict-ridden region, military redeployment and a policy of de-escalation. However, the agenda does not mean a full withdrawal from the region which will remain under the US focus even though it no longer tops the list. In other words, the task is to balance traditional democratic values with American national interest in the region, a balance which has always been hard to strike. Joe Biden`s new Middle Eastern team of professional and experienced policy-makers who as well share deep knowledge of this region aims at shaping a more balanced and a more predictable policy in coordination with its European allies and regional partners. Additionally, the US “recalibration” of the Middle East may open a window of opportunities in bilateral US-Russian ties. Despite conventional “zero-sum-game” thinking the new Biden administration will not be able to ignore the fact that Russian comprehensive involvement in tackling a number of pressing regional issues is absolutely essential in contemporary Middle East politics.
Vacuum system of Watt-balance: development aspects
Authors: Chernyshenko A. A. , Kamenskikh Yu. I.
Published: January 2022

This paper considers issues related to the development of the vacuum system of Watt-balance for the newest Russian Federation primary standard of the kilogram. The authors give a list of the necessary data for the development of the vacuum system of the newest Russian Federation kilogram mass standard, relying on the generally accepted methods of vacuum systems calculation. This paper shows the main stages of theoretical and practical research work conducted in D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM) with the use of the vacuum mass comparator Sartorius CCL 1007from the composition of the state primary measurement standard of mass unit - kilogram GET 3-2020, aimed at developing a vacuum system for the newest standard of the kilogram - Watt-balance. The presented results of the research allow for the development of the vacuum Watt-balancing system.
Application of certified reference materials of absorbed dose for process validation of irradiation of medical supplies and food products
Authors: Gromov A. A. , Zhanzhora A. P. , Kovalenko O. I.
Published: January 2022

At present, radiation technologies are most commonly applied for sterilization of medical supplies and irradiation of food products. The results of radiation treatment cannot be fully verified by subsequent non-destructive testing. Therefore, irradiation processes and equipment used for radiation treatment should be subject to mandatory validation and certification. In this paper, we present the results obtained during process validation of radiation-technological installations based on electron accelerators by investigating absorbed dose in irradiated products.
Time-Resolved Imaging of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Plasma Expansion in a Nitrogen Microjet
Authors: Ciriolo Anna Gabriella , Martinez Vazquez Rebeca , Crippa Gabriele , Devetta Michele , Frezzotti Aldo , Comelli Daniela , Valentini Gianluca , Osellame Roberto , Vozzi Caterina , Stagira Salvatore
Published: January 2022

We report on the study of ultrafast laser-induced plasma expansion dynamics in a gas microjet. To this purpose, we focused femtosecond laser pulses on a nitrogen jet produced through a homemade De Laval micronozzle. The laser excitation leads to plasma excitation with a characteristic spectral line emission at 391 nm. By following the emitted signal with a detection system based on an Intensified Charge-Coupled Device (ICCD) we captured the two-dimensional spatial evolution of the photo-excited nitrogen ions with a temporal resolution on the nanosecond time scale. We fabricated the micronozzle on fused silica substrate by femtosecond laser micromachining. This technique enables high accuracy and three-dimensional capabilities, thus providing an ideal platform for developing glass-based microfluidic structures for application to plasma physics and ultrafast spectroscopy.
Employment of Resonators for Resolution Enhancement in Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensors
Authors: Abbasi Hamid
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a plasmonic refractive index sensor based on metal insulated metal waveguide (MIM) with three rings and a resonant cavity is first proposed and numerically evaluated. Next, we add four teeth to the sensor structure. We study and simulate the resonant wavelengths and refractive index of resonators using the time difference finite difference method. Given that the sensor and the conduction characteristics of plasmonic waves are influenced by the structure parameters,Therefore, by changing the refractive index and changing the dimensions and coordinates of the cavity and rims, we can change the passage coefficient in the resonant modes and measure the sensor performance. As a result, we obtain the sensitivity coefficient, the figure of merit (FOM) and the quality factor Q of the sensor. We modulate the resonance wavelength FWHM using the generated modes and reach a sensitivity of 2166 nm / RIU. These plasmonic sensors with a simple framework and balanced performance and high optical resolution can be used to measure the refractive index in the medical, chemical and food industries.
Deep Learning and Its Applications in Computational Pathology
Authors: Hong Runyu , Fenyö David
Published: January 2022

Deep learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN), generative adversarial networks (GAN), and graph neural networks (GNN), have over the past decade changed the ac-curacy of prediction in many diverse fields. In recent years, the application of deep learning tech-niques in computer vision tasks in pathology demonstrated extraordinary potential in assisting clinicians, automating diagnosis, and reducing costs for patients. Formerly unknown pathologi-cal evidence, such as morphological features related to specific biomarkers, copy number varia-tions, and other molecular features, were also able to be captured by deep learning models. In this paper, we review popular deep learning methods and some recent publications about their appli-cations in pathology.
Rethinking Complex Diseases: A High-Dimensional Representation of Individual Disease Burden and Global Disease Landscape
Authors: Polster Annikka
Published: January 2022

Complex diseases are prevalent medical conditions which are characterized by strong inter-patient differences in symptom profiles, disease trajectory and treatment response. The challenges in understanding and managing these diseases are due to their complex pathophysiology, comprising of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The traditional model of disease assumes a clear distinction between health and disease, as well as between different diagnoses, but recent findings with regards to diseasomes and network pleiotrophy suggest that this dogma is not useful in understanding complex diseases. This paper presents a novel model, in which the individual disease burden is determined as a function of molecular, physiological and pathological factors simultaneously: disease(symptoms(traits(genes AND environment))). From this a high-dimensional space is defined which includes all individual disease burdens, ranging from healthy (i.e. low disease burden) to multi-morbidity (i.e. high disease burden), termed the disease landscape. This model provides a novel way to conceptualize human physiology and pathophysiology in the context of complex diseases and may present a useful concept to simultaneously address the strong interindividual heterogeneity of diagnose cohorts as well as the lack of clear distinction between diagnoses and health and disease, thus facilitating the progression towards personalized medicine.
Three Types of Neutrosophic Alliances based on Connectedness and (Strong) Edges
Authors: Garrett Henry
Published: January 2022

New setting is introduced to study the alliances. Alliances are about a set of vertices which are applied into the setting of neutrosophic graphs. Neighborhood has the key role to define these notions. Also, neighborhood is defined based on the edges, strong edges and some edges which are coming from connectedness. These three types of edges get a framework as neighborhood and after that, too close vertices have key role to define offensive alliance, defensive alliance, t-offensive alliance, and t-defensive alliance based on three types of edges, common edges, strong edges and some edges which are coming from connectedness. The structure of set is studied and general results are obtained. Also, some classes of neutrosophic graphs containing complete, empty, path, cycle, bipartite, t-partite, star and wheel are investigated in the terms of set, minimal set, number, and neutrosophic number. In this study, there’s an open way to extend these results into the family of these classes of neutrosophic graphs. The family of neutrosophic graphs aren’t study but it seems that analogous results are determined. There’s a question. How can be related to each other, two sets partitioning the vertex set of a graph? The ideas of neighborhood and neighbors based on different edges illustrate open way to get results. A set is alliance when two sets partitioning vertex set have uniform structure. All members of set have different amount of neighbors in the set and out of set. It leads us to the notion of offensive and defensive. New ideas, offensive alliance, defensive alliance, t-offensive alliance, t-defensive alliance, strong offensive alliance, strong defensive alliance, strong t-offensive alliance, strong t-defensive alliance, connected offensive alliance, connected defensive alliance, connected t-offensive alliance, and connected t-defensive alliance are introduced. Two numbers concerning cardinality and neutrosophic cardinality of alliances are introduced. A set is alliance when its complement make a relation in the terms of neighborhood. Different edges make different neighborhoods. Three types of edges are applied to define three styles of neighborhoods. General edges, strong edges and connected edges are used where connected edges are the edges arising from connectedness amid two endpoints of the edges. These notions are applied into neutrosophic graphs as individuals and family of them. Independent set as an alliance is a special set which has no neighbor inside and it implies some drawbacks for this notions. Finding special sets which are well-known, is an open way to purse this study. Special set which its members have only one neighbor inside, characterize the connected components where the cardinality of its complement is the number of connected components. Some problems are proposed to pursue this study. Basic familiarities with graph theory and neutrosophic graph theory are proposed for this article.
Turbulent Poiseuille Flow Modelling by an Enhanced Prandtl-Driest Mixing Length
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: January 2022

The turbulent Poiseuille flow between two parallel plates is one of the simplest possible physical situation, which has been studied intensively in literature. Different mixing lengths are used, however no one has simultaneously considered boundary conditions of two walls together with damping effects from two walls. In this paper, we propose an enhanced Prandtl-Driest mixing length that not only satisfies all boundary conditions but including both walls' damping effects. With our new formulations, we numerically solve the problem and even further propose an explicit approximate solutions. As applications of our solutions, the total velocity, the total shear stress, the energy dissipation density, the energy balance, the Kolmogorov scale law and friction of turbulent Poiseuille flow are to be studied in detail. The study discoveries that the high heels profiles of both mean and total velocity are universal for all wall-bounded turbulent flows.
Integrating UAS Photogrammetry and Digital Image Correlation for High-Resolution Monitoring of Large Landslides
Authors: Mugnai Francesco , Masiero Andrea
Published: January 2022

This paper shows the results of applying high-resolution Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) photogrammetric surveying on a large landslide. A real case study, where permanently installing GCPs could be complex, where natural shaped and formed land pose severe limitations in deploying ground targets with optimal geometric configuration. We analysed performances in terms of survey accuracy obtained by performing photogrammetric surveys through the Zenmuse P1 DJI optical camera and Phantom 4 Pro 2. In combination with DJI Matrice 300 UAS, the P1 camera allows direct georeferencing through GNSS observations in RTK mode. Photogrammetric surveys, performed through different georeferencing methods, have been compared. Several targets have been permanently installed on the ground over the maximum vegetation height to guarantee long-lasting reference over the years in the area, which is characterised by a diffuse short vegetation coverage. Multitemporal UAS surveys have been then compared using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) algorithms, and deformation maps have been produced. Afterwards, DIC results were compared with observations made by the GNSS ground-based permanent receivers resulting in a standard deviation of 0,077 m. Through results analysis, good accordance between ground-based GNSS observations and DIC analysis on the photogrammetric surveys have been identified for the same time span. To conclude, this type of landslide presents a moderate deformation speed; in such a case, effective deformations monitoring could be achieved using pseudo-direct georeferencing, which permitted a 0.24 m accuracy on the whole tested area.
Acute Compartment Syndrome Modeling with Sequential Infusion Shows the Deep Posterior Compartment Is Not Functionally Discrete
Authors: Schupbach Drew , Honjol Yazan , Bouklouch Yasser , Merle Geraldine , Harvey Edward J.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Clinical case series have indicated that 1 or 2-compartment decompression of the anterior or lateral leg may be sufficient for release, but, currently, no cadaveric model has verified that approach. The objective of this study was to investigate the functional relationship between compartments by alternating sequences of infusion and fasciotomy release.

Methods:

This study utilized multicompartment sequential pressurization with simultaneous monitoring by continuous pressure sensors to model compartment syndrome in a human cadaver leg. Subsequent sequential release of compartments and continuous streaming of pressure readings permitted unique insights.

Results:

A leg model allowed the examination of pressure changes in all 4 compartments as treated with sequential fasciotomies. The successful modeling of lower-leg pressures consistent with compartment syndrome showed that discrepancies relative to accepted concepts were seen when the deep posterior compartment was pressurized in isolation. Also, release of 1 of the 2 of either the anterior or lateral compartments seems to be sufficient for decompression to acceptable pressure levels.

Conclusions:

The deep posterior compartment does not appear to be completely discrete and instead follows the pressurization curve of the posterior muscle group. This indicates that release of the deep posterior compartment may not be needed in all acute compartment syndrome scenarios.

Clinical Relevance:

Surgical techniques can be modified for treatment of acute compartment syndrome to avoid large scar lengths, deep dissection, and multiple exposures that could improve patient outcomes.
Rate of Return to Work After Periacetabular Osteotomy and Its Influencing Factors
Authors: Fujita Jun , Doi Nobunao , Kinoshita Koichi , Sakamoto Tetsuya , Seo Hajime , Yamamoto Takuaki
Published: January 2022

Background:

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) has been reported as a treatment for patients with symptomatic developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Several studies have investigated the rate of return to sports activities after PAO, but few studies have evaluated the rate of return to work. In the present study, we aimed to identify the rate of return to work at 1 year after PAO and its affecting factors.

Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated 83 patients (85 hips) with symptomatic DDH who had undergone PAO between December 2015 and June 2020. Patients who had returned to work at 1 year after PAO were classified into the returnee group, and those who had not were classified into the non-returnee group. The returnee group included patients who could return to their original job (original) or to a different job (non-original). The non-returnee group included patients who could not return to work because of hip symptoms (hip) and those who did not return for reasons other than hip symptoms (non-hip). We analyzed clinical parameters, including the Harris hip score, Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire, 36-Item Short Form Survey, and radiographic parameters, as well as the type of work.

Results:

Sixty-eight patients (70 hips; 82.4%) returned to work at 1 year after PAO (returnee group), and 15 patients (15 hips; 17.6%) were in the non-returnee group. Among the 15 patients in the non-returnee group, 7 were classified into the non-hip subgroup and 8 were classified into the hip subgroup. No significant differences were observed between the returnee group and the hip subgroup in terms of clinical parameters or type of work.

Conclusions:

One year after PAO, 8 patients (8 hips; 9.4%) could not return to work because of hip symptoms; both clinical parameters and the type of work showed no direct relationship with postoperative working status.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
THE POTENTIAL OF TOMATO EXTRACT (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) IN INCREASING THE SERTOLI CELLS AND SPERMATOGENIC CELLS COUNT OF THE CONTRALATERAL TESTICULAR SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES OF RATS (Rattus norvegicus) THAT HAVE TESTICULAR TORSION
Authors: Dasrul Dasrul , Thasmi Cut Nila , Lubis Triva Murtina , Awaluddin Awaluddin , Winaruddin Winaruddin , Rasmaidar Rasmaidar , Alifa Yola
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of tomato extract (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) in increasing the Sertoli and spermatogenic cells count of the contralateral testis in white rats (Rattus novergicus) with unilateral torsion. A total of 24 male Wistar white rats, aged 3-4 months old with a weight of 180-200 g were used in this study. The rat samples were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: Group 1 as a negative control (NC) which consisted of rats without testicular torsion and given tomato extract; Group 2 as a positive control (PC) which consisted of rats with unilateral testicular torsion 720° for 6 hours without given tomato extract; Group 3 as treatment 1 (T1) consisted of rats that were subjected to unilateral testicular torsion 720o for 6 hours and were given tomato extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW/day; and Group 4 as treatment 2 (T2) consisted of rats that were subjected to unilateral testicular torsion 720° for 6 hours and were given tomato extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW/day. Each group consisted of six rats. Tomato extract was administered orally for 30 days. The observations of the number of Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia cells, spermatocytes, and spermatids) were carried out histologically with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining and the slides were examined with a light microscope. The data obtained was analyzed by ANOVA and continued with Duncan's test. The results showed that the administration of tomato extract significantly increased (P0.05) the number of Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells of the contralateral testicular seminiferous tubule. Giving tomato extract 100 mg/kg BW/day resulted in an increase in the number of Sertoli cells and better spermatogenic cells than tomato extract 200 mg/kg BW/day. In conclusion the administration of tomato extract after detorsion can increase the number of Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells of the contralateral testicular seminiferous tubules in white rats subjected to unilateral torsion of 720° for 6 hours
THE EFFECTS OF AGE ON BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILES OF ACEH CATTLE BLOOD
Authors: Khairita Lia , Esfandiari Anita , Widhyari Sus Derthi , Winarsih Wiwin
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of age on the biochemistry profiles of aceh cattle, which  included examinations of: total protein (TP), albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio (A/G), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine kinase (CK), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) . Sixteen clinically healthy aceh cattle aged 2-4 years old, and 16 aceh cattle aged 4-6 years old were purposively selected for the study. Blood samples were drawn from the jugular vein and subjected to blood biochemistry measurements using commercial kits. The results showed that serum concentrations of TP, globulin, AST and Ca of aceh cattle were significantly (P0.05) higher in age group 4-6 years old, while ALP activity was significantly (P0.05) higher in age group 2-4 years old. In conclusion, age must be considered as a factor when interpreting the blood biochemistry profiles of aceh cattle.
THE EFFECTIVITY OF CYSTEAMINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON IMPROVING THE IN VITRO FERTILIZATION RATE OF SHEEP OOCYTES
Authors: Nurkarimah Dona Astari , Kaiin Ekayanti Mulyawati , Karja Ni Wayan Kurniani , Setiadi Mohamad Agus
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cysteamine supplementation on the maturation medium and/or in vitro fertilization medium with regards to improving the normal fertilization rate of sheep oocytes, which are characterized by the formation of two pronuclei. Grade A and B oocytes were matured in medium-199 with 0.3% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 10 IU/mL follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 10 IU/mL human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and 50 μg/mL gentamicin added for 24 hours in a 5% CO2 incubator at 39° C. The treatment group was divided into the following groups: a control group with no cysteamine (P1), a group with 100 μM cysteamine in the maturation medium (P2), a group with 100 μM cysteamine in the fertilization medium (P3), and a group with 100 μM cysteamine both in the maturation and fertilization medium (P4). The fertilization was carried out by incubating sperm-oocytes for 12 hours and then staining them with 1% aceto-orcein to observe the formation of a pronucleus. Normal fertilization rates obtained by each treatment group were 56.5% (P1), 57.1% (P2), 57.8% (P3), and 59.9% (P4) with no significant difference (P0.05) between groups. It was concluded that 100 μM cysteamine supplementation in both the maturation medium and fertilization medium was not able to increase the normal fertilization rate of sheep oocytes.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL SEROLOGY KITS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SEROPOSITIVE TOXOPLASMOSIS IN CATTLE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Subekti Didik T , Valinata Sisca , Fong Sulinawati
Published: January 2022

This research aims to explain the evaluation of the differences in four commercial kits for the detection of serological toxoplasmosis used in Indonesia.  The results of the study found that the toxoplasmosis seropositivity determined by the four commercial kits showed a significant difference (P0.05).  Seropositive toxoplasmosis obtained using Pastorex, Toxotest, IDScreen, and Toxo Ab were 35.12%, 60.12%, 26.19%, and 10.12% respectively.  IDScreen had a good agreement with Toxo Ab (Gwet's AC1= 0.623) and a moderate agreement with Pastorex (Gwet's AC1= 0.494-0.511).  Toxotest had a low agreement with three commercial kits (Gwet's AC1= 0.2) but had a moderate agreement with western blotting (WB) and modified agglutination test (MAT) (Gwet's AC1= 0.458-0.557).
DETERMINATION OF THE BEST ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdarifa L.) FILTRATE CONCENTRATION IN EGG YOLK CITRATE DILUENT
Authors: Sayuti Arman , Mayuri Herdina , Asmilia Nuzul , Arifin Tazul , Adam Mulyadi
Published: January 2022

The aim of this research was to determine if the substitution of rosella filtrate (Hibiscus sabdarifa L.) in citrate-based diluent and egg yolks with the ratio 4:1 (16 mL citrate + 4 mL yolk) would help maintain the progressive motility of Kacang goat spermatozoa at room temperature. This study used a male Kacang goat with an average sperm quality of approximately ≥ 205 x 107 spermatozoa/mL and motility of 81.6%. An electro-ejaculator was used once a week to collect the semen. The treatments were labelled as follows: P0 was the negative control group, treatment P1 was given 5% rosella filtrate, treatment P2 was given 10% rosella filtrate, and treatment P3 was given 15% rosella filtrate. Examination of the motility of the spermatozoa was carried out at room temperature. The examination was carried out once every four hours. It was concluded that the rosella filtrate could maintain the progressive motility of spermatozoa of the Kacang goat at optimal concentrations. The optimal motility percentage was found at a concentration of 15% at a storage life of 0-4 hours.
Activating Peroxymonosulfate Using Carbon from Cyanobacteria as Support for Zero-Valent Iron
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhu Layun , Cao Sisi , Chen Zhaoming , Song Zihui , Yang Xiaohong , Jin Jie
Published: January 2022

In the present study, the cyanobacterial char (ACC) prepared from Chaohu cyanobacteria was used as a nanoscale carrier for zero-valent iron (NZVI) to synthesize a highly efficient activation material designated as cyanobacterial char-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI@ACC), which was subsequently used for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade the orange II (OII) dye. The XRD and XPS results revealed that NZVI was anchored onto the ACC through coordination bonding, thereby forming a stable structure. The SEM and TEM observations revealed that the NZVI was embedded in the sheet structure of the ACC. The NZVI@ACC had a larger specific surface area (42.249 m2/g), and also magnetism, due to which its components could be separated through an externally applied magnetic field. Using this NZVI@ACC/PMS system, the rate of degradation of OII (100 mg/L) reached 98.32% within 14 min. The OII degradation reaction using the NZVI@ACC/PMS system followed first-order kinetics. The activation energy of this degradation reaction was 17.34 kJ/(mol·K). Quenching and EPR experiments revealed that both SO4·– and ·OH were produced in this reaction, with SO4·- playing the major role in the reaction. The theoretical calculations revealed that SO4·- attacked the 12 (N) of OII, which destroyed and degraded the structure of OII. The presence of halogen ions in the actual dye-containing wastewater samples inhibited the OII degradation by the NZVI@ACC system to different degrees, and the inhibition effect followed the order: I- > Br- > Cl-.