bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of optoelectronic, nonlinear and charge transport properties of hydroquinoline derivatives by DFT approach
Authors: Irfan Ahmad , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Chaudhry Aijaz Rasool , Muhammad Shabbir , Jin Ruifa
Published: November 2020

Present investigation deals with an in depth study of three compounds including 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-methyl-2-oxo- 1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile (1), 4-(4-bromophenyl)-8-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydroquinoline-3- carbonitrile (2) and 8-methyl-2-oxo-4-(thiophen-2-yl)-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile (3) with respect to their structural, electronic, optical and charge transport properties. The ground and excited states geometries were optimized by density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT, respectively. To rationalize the adopted methodology, the calculated geometrical parameters at ground state were compared with the experimental crystal structures. Several quantum chemical insights including the analysis of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), total/partial density of states (T/PDOS), molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP), local and global reactivity descriptors revealed that the studied compounds would be efficient multifunctional materials. The absorption wavelengths as well as their major transitions were thoroughly studied at TD-B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory. The smaller hole reorganization energies indicate that all these compounds might show better hole transport tendency. The anionic geometry relaxation of compound 2 is larger than the cationic form which leads to higher electron reorganization energy revealing the reduction of electron charge transport as compared to the hole.
Comparison of dose distributions in target areas and organs at risk in conformal and VMAT techniques and dose verifications with the use of thermoluminescence dosimetry
Authors: Paluch-Ferszt Monika , Kozłowska Beata , Dybek Marcin
Published: November 2020

The aim of the present study is to compare dose distributions and their verification in target areas and organs at risk (OAR) in conformal and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques. Proper verification procedures allow the removal of the major sources of errors, such as incorrect application of a planning system, its insufficient or cursory commissioning, as well as an erroneous interpretation of the obtained results. Three target areas (head and neck, chest, and pelvic) were selected and the treatment was delivered based on plans made using collapsed cone convolution and Monte Carlo algorithms with 6-MV photon beams, adopting conformal and VMAT techniques, respectively. All the plans were prepared for the anthropomorphic phantom. Dose measurements were performed with TL detectors made of LiF phosphor doped with magnesium and titanium (LiF:Mg,Ti). This paper presents the results of TL measurements and calculated doses, as well as their deviations from the treatment planning system (TPS) in the three planned target areas. It was established that the algorithms subject to analysis differ, particularly in dose calculations for highly inhomogeneous regions (OAR). Aside from the need to achieve the dose intended for the tumour, the choice of irradiation technique in teleradiotherapy should be dictated by the degree of exposure to individual critical organs during irradiation. While nothing deviated beyond the bounds of what is acceptable by international regulatory bodies in plans from TPS, clinically one must be more cautious with the OAR areas.
Efficient reading of thermoluminescent dosimeter signals using semiconductor detectors
Authors: Sobotka Piotr , Kliś Bartłomiej , Baranowska Zuzanna , Wołoszczuk Katarzyna , Rutkowska Katarzyna , Woliński Tomasz
Published: November 2020

The aim of this experimental work was to examine whether semiconductor photodetectors may be applied for the efficient reading of thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) signals. For this purpose, a series of experiments have been performed at the Department of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, in cooperation with the Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (CLOR). Specifically, the measurement system proposed here has been designed to detect a signal from TLDs that use a semiconductor detector operating in conditions analogous to those met when using commercial devices equipped with a classic photomultiplier. For the experimental tests, the TLDs were irradiated with a beam of 137Cs radiation in the accredited Laboratory for Calibration of Dosimetric and Radon Instruments. Eventually, a comparison of the results obtained with a semiconductor detector (ID120) and a commercial TLD reader with a photomultiplier tube (RADOS) were made.
The Influence of the Flushing Method on the Stable Oxygen Content in the Scr1 Crabe Breathing Loop in the Decompression Phase
Authors: Woźniak Arkadiusz
Published: November 2020

Maintaining a stable oxygen content in the breathing loop of the diving apparatus with a semi-closed respiratory circuit is essential for the safety of underwater mine clearance operations. This article discusses the influence of modified methods of flushing the breathing apparatus on the quality of the breathing loop ventilation process. The problem of flushing an apparatus is presented in light of the Polish Naval Academy’s change from statistical to deterministic decompression schedules, based on the model of apparatus ventilation, oxygen toxicity hazard and decompression. The examination and determination utilising the required accuracy of the method used for flushing the breathing loop of the device allowed to assess the stable oxygen content during the decompression phase. The assumptions were verified based on a system for measuring oxygen content in the breathing loop.
Compensatory Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Levels in Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Eren Esin , Yilmaz Necat , Yildirim Furkan , Giray Ozlem
Published: November 2020

Objective: Paraoxonase1 (PON1) and Arylesterase (ARE) levels are associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis. The functional status of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is closely related to the PON1/ARE enzyme activity. Functional changes in treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) may be achieved by post-translational modification of lipid metabolism induced by hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).

Methods: Men patients with SSNHL who met the research criteria were included in the study. HBOT was performed on average 30 sessions. Laboratory measurements were made at the beginning and end of HBOT for the same patients. Serum levels of PON1/ARE and routine lipid laboratory parameters were measured to determine possible changes in SSNHL after HBOT.

Results: In this study, a reducing effect on PON1 enzyme amount of long-term HBOT was detected. The serum PON1 amount of patients with SSNHL was 19.7 ± 2.7 ng / mL (mean ± SD) before HBOT, and the serum PON1 decreased to 17.0 ± 2.1 ng / mL (mean ± SD) after 30 sessions of HBOT. This decrease in PON1 levels was statistically significant (p =0.035). There was also a statistically significant decrease in the enzyme activity of ARE in the SSNHL patients (p=0.024).

Conclusion: This preliminary study showed a significant decrease in serum PON1/ARE enzyme content in SSNLH patients with HBOT. In fact, it can be assumed that HBOT has no adverse effect on HDL functionality. However, the decrease in PON1 level by HBOT with 30 or more sessions may be important for the antioxidant function of HDL.It may possibly cause post-translational changes in antioxidant defense mechanisms due to increased oxidative stress with HBOT. In conclusion, larger clinical studies are needed to determine the possible effects of HBOT on HDL-related PON1/ARE functionality in SSNHL.
“Confused Anarchy and the late civil broils”: The Politics of Genre in Milton’s Histories
Authors: Dasgupta Sukanya
Published: November 2020

The writing of history was seminal to Milton’s conception of himself as a humanist and is a key to our understanding of his literary career. Yet, Milton’s Brief History of Moscovia and The History of Britain occupy a unique position in the way in which they are poised between the humanist notion of history as counsel and history as an assertion of “republican” values. However, situating Milton in a climate of republicanism has othen been problematic and challenging. Like writers of humanist historical narratives, Milton’s primary aim was to guide the English people in their current political crisis by making the past an analogue of the present. I wish to contend that he approaches his intention generically: by a manipulative use of the genres of history and chorography, Milton is able to straddle the earlier notion of history with the later notions of “republicanism” that permeated the political climate of England in the aftermath of the Civil War. In an inversion of Shklovsky’s notion of “form shaping content”, Milton’s reliance on genre as a vehicle for articulating his political and ideological stance, ultimately results in content shaping form.
When “We Believe that ...”: The Role of Collective “we” in the Dialogic Negotiation in Hard News Discourse
Authors: Nádraská Zuzana
Published: November 2020

The present paper examines the occurrence of collective self expressed by the first person plural “we” in British broadsheet hard news reports. Given that “we” typically embraces “I” and the “non-I”, and is viewed in contradistinction to “others”, it is subjective and dialogic (inter-subjective) in nature (Baumgarten et al.; Benveniste). This study, grounded in Systemic Functional Linguistics and the theory of engagement, examines the coupling, i.e., co-occurrence, of one dialogic signal “we” with other dialogic meanings (entertain, proclaim and disclaim) used for the dialogic negotiation of content and writer-reader engagement (Martin, “Beyond Exchange”; Martin and White). Couplings are interpreted from the point of view of the overall rhetorical strategy they are put to, referred to as syndromes of meaning (Zappavigna et al., “Syndromes”; Zappavigna et al., “The Coupling”). The rhetorical functions of syndromes reflect the basic dialogic meanings of the examined engagement categories such as a tentative suggestion of an opinion (entertain), a strong statement of an opinion (proclaim) and a rejection of a dispreferred opinion (disclaim). Finer variations within the individual rhetorical strategies are related to the difference in the source of dialogic positioning (an individual versus collective voice) and the referential scope of the pronoun (a precisely defined reference versus reference with a more general and diffused scope).
Changes in Physical Performance of Amateur Mountain Bikers in the Preparatory Period
Authors: Bazańska-Janas Marta , Janas Marek
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The aim of the research was to assess the changes in the main physical performance indicators, i.e. maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), the threshold of anaerobic changes (AT) and “exercise efficiency” (oxygen consumption/power; VO2/ WR) in amateur mountain bikers in the preparatory period. In addition, diagnostic usefulness was made of selected respiratory, circulatory and metabolic parameters to assess the training progress in cycling.

Materials and methods. Thirty-six men training in amateur mountain biking took part in the research. Each of them underwent three ergospirometry tests at the beginning, in the middle (after 7 weeks) and at the end of the preparatory period (after 14 weeks). The results obtained at the AT threshold and at maximum effort were analysed to check how physical training in the preparatory period affected selected exercise parameters.

Results. No significant changes in the VO2max value were observed during the preparatory period, but a significant increase in this indicator (in absolute terms and in terms of body weight) was found at the AT level. An increase was noted in power as well as in measured metabolic, ventilation and circulatory parameters with the exception of heart rate and ventilation equivalent oxygen. VO2/WR decreased, which indicates an improvement in the effectiveness of the effort.

Conclusions. For Polish amateur cyclists with extensive training experience, the most diagnostic indicators in the preparatory period include improving the AT threshold (shift towards higher % VO2max and higher generated power) and increasing exercise efficiency.
Experimental Study on Dynamic Structure of Propeller Tip Vortex
Authors: Guangnian Li , Chen Qingren , Liu Yue
Published: November 2020

Propeller cavitation is a main source of fluctuating pressure and noise induced by propellers, and the tip vortex cavitation is the principal source. The present study measures the flow fields near the blade tip using the 2D-PIV technique. The experimental setup and scheme are introduced. We monitor the process of generation and shedding of the propeller tip vortex in real time and analyse the dynamic structure of the tip vortex by testing the propeller wake field under different phases of the axial plane. The distribution characteristics of radial and axial velocity are also analysed. The influence range and the vorticity of the tip vortex and trailing vortex are obtained. All of the measured quantitative data are useful for future propeller design.
Parameters Identification of the Flexible Fin Kinematics Model Using Vision and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Jurczyk Karolina , Piskur Paweł , Szymak Piotr
Published: November 2020

Recently a new type of autonomous underwater vehicle uses artificial fins to imitate the movements of marine animals, e.g. fish. These vehicles are biomimetic and their driving system is an undulating propulsion. There are two main methods of reproducing undulating motion. The first method uses a flexible tail fin, which is connected to a rigid hull by a movable axis. The second method is based on the synchronised operation of several mechanical joints to imitate the tail movement that can be observed among real marine animals such as fish. This paper will examine the first method of reproducing tail fin movement. The goal of the research presented in the paper is to identify the parameters of the one-piece flexible fin kinematics model. The model needs further analysis, e.g. using it with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in order to select the most suitable prototype for a Biomimetic Underwater Vehicle (BUV). The background of the work is explained in the first section of the paper and the kinematic model for the flexible fin is described in the next section. The following section is entitled Materials and Methods, and includes a description of a laboratory test of a water tunnel, a description of a Vision Algorithm (VA)which was used to determine the positions of the fin, and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) which was used to find the parameters of the kinematic fin. In the next section, the results of the research are presented and discussed. At the end of the paper, the summary including main conclusions and a schedule of the future research is inserted.
Effect of Engine Speeds and Dimethyl Ether on Methyl Decanoate HCCI Combustion and Emission Characteristics Based on Low-Speed Two-Stroke Diesel Engine
Authors: Wang Shiye , Yao Li
Published: November 2020

The combustion and emission characteristics of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) fuelled by methyl decanoate (MD) with different engine speeds and dimethyl ether (DME) mixing ratios are investigated in this work. Engine data of a MAN B&W 6S70MC low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engine were used for the reactor. The results show that a decrease of engine speed has little effect on the in-cylinder temperature and pressure of the engine at constant excess air coefficient of 1.5. Meanwhile, NOx emissions decrease with a decrease of engine speed in pure MD HCCI combustion. The results also indicate that NOx and CO2 emissions decrease significantly with an increase in the percentage of DME in MD and DME mixing combustion at a constant total mole fraction and engine speed of 85 revolutions per minute (r/min).
Energy Analysis of the Propulsion Shaft Fatigue Process in a Rotating Mechanical System Part II Identification Studies – Developing the Fatigue Durability Model of a Drive Shaft
Authors: Korczewski Zbigniew , Marszałkowski Konrad
Published: November 2020

The article presents a continuation of research carried out concerning identification of energy consequences of mechanical fatigue within a propeller shaft in a rotating mechanical system, while working under conditions of the loss of the required alignment of shaft lines. Experimental research was carried out on a physical model reflecting a full-sized real object: i.e., the propulsion system of the ship. It is proven, by means of an active experiment, that changes in propeller shaft deflection are reflected in the amount of dissipated kinetic energy of masses in rotational motion and the accumulated internal energy in its construction material. Adoption of a high-cycle fatigue syndrome, consisting of diagnostic symptoms determined from the action of the propeller shaft associated with the transformation of mechanical energy into work and heat, as well as with the generation of mechanical vibrations and elastic waves of acoustic emission, is proposed. To assess the diagnostic information quantity brought about by the defined features of propeller shaft fatigue, an experimental research program was developed and implemented, in which two statistical hypotheses are verified: the significance of the impact of the values enforcing the fatigue process, presented in the first part of the article, and the adequacy of the regression equation describing the fatigue durability of the propeller shaft in the energy aspect, constituting the second part of the article. This finally gives us the opportunity, after the appropriate translation of the model test results into full-sized real objects, to develop a methodology to diagnose marine propeller shaft fatigue in operating conditions. The third part of the article is devoted to this issue
Detection of Floating Objects Based on Hydroacoustic and Hydrodynamic Pressure Measurements in the Coastal Zone
Authors: Buszman Krystian , Gloza Małgorzata
Published: November 2020

The development of coastal infrastructure and related maritime transport necessitatesthe intensification of vessel traffic monitoring. Navigation systems used in this research are traditionally based on the information transmitted by radio waves. Marine traffic safety requires constant supervision carried out by dedicated systems, the operation of which may be limitedby difficult environmental conditions. The possibilities of supporting navigation systems with underwater observation systems are explored here. The research was carried out using an underwater measurement system. Local disturbances of the hydroacoustic and hydrodynamic field from the moving vessels were analysed. The potential for identifying a moving vessel, for example for offshore infrastructure security purposes, is demonstrated.
Archaeological Distribution of Geoheritage for Geotourism Development in Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand
Authors: Singtuen Vimoltip , Phajuy Burapha
Published: November 2020

Nakhon Sawan Province is located in Upper Central Thailand, where the Chao Phraya River, the vital river of Thailand, begins. According to the distribution of the archaeological sites, the related geological features were divided into two groups by geodiversity scope: (1) hydrological sites - Chao Phraya river, Bueng Boraphet lake, (2) speleological sites - Tham Phet-Tham Thong cave and Khoa Nor mountain. The hydrological sites are the primary water resources of local people since many hundred years, including transportation, agriculture, and fishery, so there are many archaeological sites around there. In addition, the speleological sites are covered with limestones intruded by the granitic rocks, which has caused ore deposition in the form of skarn. The evidence of antiquities in the archaeological site near speleological sites suggests that ancient people discovered and produced their ores, notably iron in the studied area. Based on inventory, characterization, classification, and assessment methods, this preliminary geoarchaeology study can support Nakhon Sawan to promote geotourism for sustainability by their stunning geological features, fantastic nature as well as beautiful culture, both past and present.
Star architecture projects. The assessment of spatial economic effects by means of a spatial incidence analysis
Authors: Dreher Johannes , Alaily-Mattar Nadia , Thierstein Alain
Published: November 2020

Following the inauguration of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, designed by the star architect Frank Gehry, numerous cities have developed star architecture projects that try to emulate the ‘Bilbao Effect’ in the hope of triggering positive impacts for tourism and socio-economic development. However, as many projects do not achieve the set goals, their role as catalysts for urban development is debatable. We argue that the temporal and spatial economic dimension of the effects of star architecture projects – which are hardly discussed in existing literature – is crucial to assess the contribution of such projects for urban regeneration. The Kunsthaus Graz in Austria serves as a case study where we apply and modify the approach of the ‘spatial incidence analysis’ to assess the socioeconomic and intertemporal effects of a publicly funded, star architecture project. The spatial incidence analysis is closely related to the cost-benefit analysis, but takes into consideration wider aspects of the spatial distribution and intertemporal development of three dimensions of effects: payment flows, goods and services, and utility. We identify the following key findings by applying a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods: the operation of the Kunsthaus Graz provides an inflow of purchasing power for the municipality of Graz; the Kunsthaus Graz has positive, long-term effects in the fields of tourism marketing, civic pride and identification, creative industries and urban regeneration; the effects of the Kunsthaus Graz are spatially concentrated in the municipality of Graz.
Does Consumer Spirituality Block the Road Toward Innovativeness? A Moderated Mediation Approach
Authors: Aashish Garg , Singh Dhaliwal Ran
Published: November 2020

Innovation is the only way to sustain in a highly competitive market, and the success of innovative products depends on the innovativeness level of the consumers. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between consumer spirituality and consumer innovativeness through the mediating role of materialism. The study also attempts to determine the moderated mediation effect by taking gender as a moderator. In this study, the data were collected from 237 consumers through online surveys and from some target locations like malls, universities, public places in Punjab and Chandigarh by adopting judgemental sampling technique. Results indicated a significant negative relationship between consumer spirituality with materialism and consumer innovativeness while materialism and consumer innovativeness are significantly positively related. Furthermore, results showed that materialism mediates the relation between consumer spirituality and consumer innovativeness among both gender categories, but there is no moderated mediation effect of gender. The implications for marketing managers are discussed.
Understanding New Trend in Business: Inter-Firm Cooperative Alliance Between Competing Organizations
Authors: Kyungjae Lee Steve
Published: November 2020

Traditional economics-based framework suggests that firm cooperates with competitors to increase its market power or efficiency in transaction for the maximization of its self-interest profit. However, nowadays growing numbers of firm engage in alliance with competitors for non-economic purpose. This paper seeks to understand the nature of inter-firm alliance between direct competitors by discussing several critical issues regarding it. The issues are chosen by the criterion that useful perspectives from either organization theory or strategic management can be applied to this phenomenon so that scholars are encouraged and can be easier to do a research on this topic in the future. In this regard, I seek to answer the question of why firm cooperates with competitor by comparatively adopting four novel approaches, which, combined together, provide an excellent complementary view to the traditional economics-based approach. Also, by understanding the distinctive feature of decision-making process when firm conduct a collaboration with competitor this study provides a practical insight on how firm structures, manages, and makes a decision when it cooperates with competitors. Overall, several conceptual ideas suggested by this paper can be an interesting starting point for the future empirical research.
Tourism Forecasting and Tackling Fluctuating Patterns: A Composite Leading Indicator Approach
Authors: Ann-Ni Soh , Chin-Hong Puah , Affendy Arip M.
Published: November 2020

A growing interest is surfacing toward the non-linearities in tourism demand forecasting. This paper aims to construct a tourism composite indicator to anticipate the cyclical movement for the tourism demand in Fiji. The time duration tackled in the current study is under the span of approximately two decades from 2000 to 2017. Apart from an indicator construction approach and turning point dating algorithm, we proposed a two regime Markov switching model to analyse the Fijian tourism cycle. The empirical results revealed the composite leading indicator accorded a signalling approach for Fijian tourism demand with an average lead time of 2.75 months. Furthermore, the prior-recognition of the tourism economic transition with adequate dating evaluation of the tourism cycle is obtained from the filtered probabilities through the Markov switching models.
The Differential Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment on Genders in the Service Sector of South Asia
Authors: Tamang Tenzin
Published: November 2020

This study investigated: 1) the impacts of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on gender inequality (2005-2015) in the service sector of South Asia; 2) the factors that moderate the impacts of FDI on gender inequality in the service sector. The study was approached as a quantitative study using secondary data on Greenfield FDI and women employment. It employs a fixed-effect model: panel regression with and without interaction terms. The study finds that: first, gender inequality in the service sector of South Asia has increased over time. Second, FDI inflow share a significant negative correlation with female employment. Third, women’s human capital and institutional settings moderate the impact of FDI on gender inequality in the service sector of South Asia.
On Magnetically Coupled Coils Parameter Calculation
Authors: Bobaru Lavinia Maria , Stănculescu Marilena , Niculae D. , Iordache M.
Published: November 2020

ANSYS Q3D Extractor tool (AQ3DE), using the quasi-static solvers (method of moments, integral equations and FEMs), is very efficient for computing and simulating two- and three-dimensional electromagnetic field. This simulation is used to extract parameters of interest, such as: resistance (R), conductance (G), self-inductance (L), mutual inductance (M) and capacitance (C). These parameters can be further used to optimize and to obtain automatically the design of a wireless power transfer systems (WPTS). The resulting matrices allow the generation of new matrices for any selected parameters. To complete the analysis, the model which is computed will be exported as an equivalent circuit. In this paper, starting from a given WPTS, using AQ3DE tool, the parameters of interest (R, G, L, M, C) were automatically calculated, and the SPICE equivalent circuit was obtained. The analysis was performed for two different distances between the emitter and the receiver. The electrical circuit theory was used for the system analysis of magnetically coupled coil (MCC) system. Starting from the parameters extracted by the AQ3DE tool, the performance of the WPTS has been analysed both in time and frequency domain.
Modeling of Dispersion Magnetic Fields Developed by the Main Electromagnetic Systems Used on Military Ships
Authors: Solcanu V. , Gaiceanu M. , Constantinescu M. , Samoilescu Ghe. , Sotir A.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the authors present the modelling methods and numerical calculation of the dispersion magnetic field of electrical machines, as well as the results of their validation through practical measurements. An adequate analytic formula for magnetic induction calculation is proposed by the authors. The experimental results validate the proposed analytic model. Moreover, the proposed model is valid for both near and far field regions.
A Frequency Reference for Carrier Synthesis in Wireless Standard 802.11g
Authors: Ursac Iulian , Constantinescu Florin , Marin Mihai
Published: November 2020

A new approach to a frequency synthesizer is proposed: instead of a fixed frequency reference oscillator and a variable ratio frequency divider we use a variable frequency reference oscillator and a fixed ratio frequency divider. The implementation and characterization of a low phase-noise compensated oscillator used as frequency reference for a wireless transceiver is described. This circuit employs a high Q piezoelectric resonator together with a CMOS cross coupled pair amplifier. A calibration circuit for compensation of frequency errors with respect to process variation is proposed.
Cooperative Second-Cycle Breeding and Testing of Coastal Douglas-fir in the US Pacific Northwest: Strategy, Implementation, and Operational Aspects
Authors: Jayawickrama KJS , Ye TZ
Published: November 2020

The second cycle of cooperative breeding and testing of coastal Douglas-fir in western Oregon and Washington was started around 1992. By 2020 the bulk of testing is nearing completion, while the latest program in southern Oregon and NW California is scheduled to run through 2035. A total of 109 first-generation programs were consolidated into nine second- cycle breeding and testing cooperatives (with 15 testing zones); 136 tests are planned, of which 120 have already been established. Between five and eight tests are established per trial series. Trials established to date have contained from 50 to 283 full-sib crosses. In total, the Douglas-fir breeding effort will be comprised of over 2,900 crosses, of which 2,500 have already been established in the field. A total of about 349,000 test trees are to be planted, with over 310,000 already planted.

Tests typically get three main measurements when the trees are 3 (or 4), 7 and 12 years old from seed. (1) Age-3 or 4: progression of budburst, on a 1 to 5 rating score, when roughly 50 % of the seedlings have broken bud, on one or two sites per trial series. (2) Age-7: height (height pole), dbh, stem sinuosity in the second internode from the top, number of incidences of stem forking, number of incidences of ramicorn branching and (3) Age-12: height (vertex), dbh, stem sinuosity in the second internode from the top, number of incidences of stem forking, number of incidences of ramicorn branching, second flushing yes\no in current year, and wood acoustic velocity (in some trial series).
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety Profile of Intense Pulsed Light Treatment in Melasma in Darker Skin Type
Authors: Choudhary Nishant , De Abhishek , Sil Amrita , Chatterjee Gobinda
Published: November 2020

Introduction. We undertook a prospective, interventional study to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of Intense Pulsed light (IPL) treatment of melasma in dark skin phenotypes.

Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 32 patients of skin type IV and V. IPL with 640 nm and 690 nm filters was used. The patients were called once a month to undergo 6 sessions. Melasma area and severity index (MASI) and Clinician Global Impression Scores were used for evaluation. We followed “per protocol” analysis.

Results. Out of 26 patients who completed the treatment, 12 patients showed improvement, MASI remained unchanged in 10 patients and 4 patients showed deterioration. MASI scores before and after treatment were 6.70 ± 3.53 and 6.32 ± 3.90 (p value=0.6891). Erythema and pain were the common side effects noted. Seventeen out of 32 patients had thyroid disorders.

Conclusion. IPL should be avoided as a first line therapy in darker skin type. However, it can be used as an adjuvant therapy in some cases after careful deliberations.
Value-Sensitive Co-Design for Resilient Information Systems
Authors: Primiero Giuseppe , Barn Balbir , Barn Ravinder
Published: November 2020

In Information Systems development, resilience has often been treated as a non-functional requirement and little or no work is aimed at building resilience in end-users through systems development. The question of how values and resilience (for the end-user) can be incorporated into the design of systems is an on-going research activity in user-centered design. In this paper we evaluate the relation of values and resilience within the context of an ongoing software development project and contribute a formal model of co-design based on a significant extension of Abstract Design Theory. The formal analysis provides a full and clear-cut definition of the co-design space, its objectives and processes. On the basis of both, we provide an abstract definition of resilient system (for the end-user). We conclude that value-sensitive co-design enforces better resilience in end-users.
The Philosophy of Expertise in the Age of Medical Informatics: How Healthcare Technology is Transforming Our Understanding of Expertise and Expert Knowledge?
Authors: Rządeczka Marcin
Published: November 2020

The unprecedented development of medical informatics is constantly transforming the concept of expertise in medical sciences in a way that has far-reaching consequences for both the theory of knowledge and the philosophy of informatics. Deep medicine is based on the assumption that medical diagnosis should take into account the wide array of possible health factors involved in the diagnostic process, such as not only genome analysis alone, but also the metabolome (analysis of all body metabolites important for e.g. drug-drug interactions), microbiome (i.e. analysis of all bodily microorganisms interacting with host cells) or exposome (analysis of all environmental factors triggering potentially harmful cell mutations, such as UV radiation, heavy metals, various carcinogens, etc.). Deep data analysis is of tantamount importance for personalized diagnosis but, at the same time, hardly achievable by a regular human being. However, adequately designed artificial intelligence (e.g. a deep neural network) can undeniably be of great help for finding correlations between symptoms and underlying diseases. Nowadays AI applies to nearly every aspect of medicine, starting from the data analysis of scientific literature, through the diagnostic process, to the act of communication between physicians and their patients. Medical image processing algorithms greatly enhance the chances of successful recognition of melanoma or intestinal polyps. Communication tools designed for physicians use techniques known from social media to provide users with an opportunity to consult the case with colleagues from the same discipline. Natural language processing tools significantly improve doctor-patient communication by the automation of note-taking. Is this enough to support the claim that the non-epistemic competences in medicine are becoming more and more important? Can we attribute expertise only to a person? How is medical informatics changing the way most people usually understand human-computer interactions?
Analysis of ICT, Power Supply and Human Capital Development in Nigeria as an Emerging Market Economy
Authors: Orji Anthony , Ogbuabor Jonathan E. , Anthony-Orji Onyinye I. , Okoro Chinonso , Osondu Daniel
Published: November 2020

This paper analyzed the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and power supply on human capital development in Nigeria as an emerging market economy. The study adopted the Classical Linear Regression Model for the empirical analysis. The result showed that ICT, power supply (proxied by electricity consumption) and population impact positively on human capital development, while infant mortality has a negative impact on human capital development in Nigeria. The impact of ICT on school enrolment suggests that technology is fast evolving and new technologies are preferred to old ones. The study, therefore, recommended that Nigeria should follow in the trend of ICT globally in harnessing her human capital endowments. In conclusion, the Nigerian government should harness her ICT and electric power potentials and develop the human capital available to her to prevent the emigration of her human resource endowment to more resilient and promising economies.
Steady and Transient Thermal State of Turbine Disk Estimation for Life Time Monitoring
Authors: Martseniuk Yevhen
Published: November 2020

In connection with increasing intensification of the working process in a gas turbine engine and increasing requirements for economy, the problem of defining and monitoring the main parts lifetime is becoming more vital. Modern algorithms of the monitoring systems are based on taking into account the levels of part temperature and total equivalent stress throughout the flight cycle. Thermal and stress-strain states of the critical zones of the main parts are determined on the basis of information received from the sensors installed in the engine gas path. Turbine disks are located in the internal cavities of the engine and are cooled by air from the compressor. However, in some designs, the disk cavity can be separated from the place of cooling air bleed by several stages of non-contact labyrinth seals, which will lead to some delay in changing the parameters of the cooling air flow when changing the engine operating mode. It has been observed that if this situation is not taken into account, it can lead to significant errors (more than 40%) in determining the lifetime for the peripheral zone of the disk. At the same time, this error is minimal for the hub and the middle zone of the disk, and the existing monitoring algorithms can be used.
Numerical Study of Detonation Processes in Rotating Detonation Engine and its Propulsive Performance
Authors: Yi Tae-Hyeong , Lou Jing , Turangan Cary Kenny , Wolanski Piotr
Published: November 2020

Numerical studies on detonation wave propagation in rotating detonation engine and its propulsive performance with one- and multi-step chemistries of a hydrogen-based mixture are presented. The computational codes were developed based on the three-dimensional Euler equations coupled with source terms that incorporate high-temperature chemical reactions. The governing equations were discretized using Roe scheme-based finite volume method for spatial terms and second-order Runge-Kutta method for temporal terms. One-dimensional detonation simulations with one- and multi-step chemistries of a hydrogen-air mixture were performed to verify the computational codes and chemical mechanisms. In two-dimensional simulations, detonation waves rotating in a rectangular chamber were investigated to understand its flowfield characteristics, where the detailed flowfield structure observed in the experiments was successfully captured. Three-dimensional simulations of two-waved rotating detonation engine with an annular chamber were performed to evaluate its propulsive performance in the form of thrust and specific impulse. It was shown that rotating detonation engine produced constant thrust after the flowfield in the chamber was stabilized, which is a major difference from pulse detonation engine that generates repetitive and intermittent thrust.
On the Stability of the Functional Equation
f(2x+y)+f(x+y2)=2f(x)f(y)f(x)+f(y)+2f(x+y)f(y-x)3f(y-x)-f(x+y)f\left( {2x + y} \right) + f\left( {{{x + y} \over 2}} \right) = {{2f\left( x \right)f\left( y \right)} \over {f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right)}} + {{2f\left( {x + y} \right)f\left( {y - x} \right)} \over {3f\left( {y - x} \right) - f\left( {x + y} \right)}}
Authors: Idir Sadani
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is to obtain the general solution to a reciprocal functional equation of the form

f

(

2
x
+
y

)

+
f

(

x
+
y

2

)

=

2
f

(
x
)

f

(
y
)

f

(
x
)

+
f

(
y
)

+

2
f

(

x
+
y

)

f

(

y
-
x

)

3
f

(

y
-
x

)

-
f

(

x
+
y

)

f\left( {2x + y} \right) + f\left( {{{x + y} \over 2}} \right) = {{2f\left( x \right)f\left( y \right)} \over {f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right)}} + {{2f\left( {x + y} \right)f\left( {y - x} \right)} \over {3f\left( {y - x} \right) - f\left( {x + y} \right)}}

and to investigate its generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability.
Solution of the Fractional Bratu-Type Equation Via Fractional Residual Power Series Method
Authors: Khalouta Ali , Kadem Abdelouahab
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we present numerical solution for the fractional Bratu-type equation via fractional residual power series method (FRPSM). The fractional derivatives are described in Caputo sense. The main advantage of the FRPSM in comparison with the existing methods is that the method solves the nonlinear problems without using linearization, discretization, perturbation or any other restriction. Three numerical examples are given and the results are numerically and graphically compared with the exact solutions. The solutions obtained by the proposed method are in complete agreement with the solutions available in the literature. The results reveal that the FRPSM is a very effective, simple and efficient technique to handle a wide range of fractional differential equations.
EGiB – zasady, formy udostępniania oraz jakość danych
Authors: Jarzmik Aleksandra
Published: November 2020

Abstrakt

Baza Ewidencji Gruntów i Budynków, czyli rejestr danych liczbowych i opisowych, wykorzystywana jest m.in. w procesie planowania przestrzennego, ustalania wysokości podatków i świadczeń, a brak zmodernizowanej i aktualnej bazy może pociągnąć za sobą spore konsekwencje zarówno dla pojedynczych zainteresowanych, jak i jednostek samorządu terytorialnego. Od lutego 2019 r. na potrzeby prowadzonych badań pozyskuje się dane z ewidencji gruntów i budynków od 314 powiatów oraz 66 miast na prawach powiatów w Polsce. Baza zebranych w tym procesie informacji posłużyła do stworzenia poniższego artykułu. Ukazane w nim zostały procedury składania wniosków wraz z zasadami udostępniania danych. Przeanalizowano również szybkość odpowiedzi w poszczególnych powiatach oraz kompletność udostępnionych danych i ich zgodność z wytycznymi narzuconymi przez Rozporządzenie Ministra Administracji i Cyfryzacji z dnia 29 listopada 2013 r. zmieniające rozporządzenie w sprawie ewidencji gruntów i budynków. Dotychczas dane ewidencji gruntów i budynków uzyskano z 378 jednostek samorządu terytorialnego, a średni czas odpowiedzi wynosił 1 miesiąc.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Formation and the Development of the Law
Authors: Lafrance Sébastien
Published: November 2020

This paper explores various impacts of artificial intelligence (“AI”) on the law, and the practice of law more specifically, for example the use of predictive tools. The author also examines some of the innovations but also limits of AI in the context of the legal profession as well as some ethical and legal issues raised by the use and evolution of AI in the legal area.
Procedural Transparency in the Settlement of Treaty-Based Investment Disputes in EVIPA and CPTPP
Authors: Trinh Hai Yen , Nguyen The Hoang
Published: November 2020

Important characteristics of commercial arbitration include privacy and confidentiality; nonetheless, in investor-state arbitration, most of the investment treaties or arbitral rules referred therein often seek to enhance transparency and public participation by introducing three new features to investment arbitration’s proceedings: public access to documents related to the arbitration, public access to hearings; and amicus curiae submission. Those provisions generally contain exceptions to maintain a balance between the public interest on the one hand, and the interest of the disputing parties on the other hand in the fair and efficient resolution of the dispute. The two treaties Viet Nam has recently concluded, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the EU-Viet Nam Investment Protection Agreement (EVIPA), have stipulated the procedural transparency requirements, which are in line with a new trend of development in international investment law. Although Viet Nam currently maintains confidentiality with regard to investor-state arbitration, the fact that Viet Nam has made international commitments on transparency promises benefits such as increasing public interest protection, improving governance and ensuring the right to information.
International Cooperation for the Belt and Road Initiative: Key Issues and Future Prospects
Authors: Li Liao
Published: November 2020

International Cooperation for the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is of great significance to China and the other BRI countries. By the end of January 2020, China has signed 200 cooperation documents with 138 countries and 30 international organizations to build the “Belt and Road”. The BRI faces challenges from some Western and ASEAN countries, differences among the Belt and Road Countries, and also global emergency issues. In addition to grave threats to human life, the COVID-19 coronavirus carries serious risks for the global economy. In the implementation process of the BRI, it will inevitably encounter various trade and investment frictions, and it needs a long-term dispute settlement mechanism. In the post-epidemic era, we need to construct top-level design, accelerate further trade cooperation, promote China-ASEAN cooperation, strengthen China-African Cooperation, and jointly fight against the epidemic.
La topología y algunas características clave de la Red de Conocimiento de la acuicultura de camarón desarrollada en Ahome, Sinaloa.
Authors: León-Balderrama Jorge Inés , Carrazco-Escalante José Crisóforo , Leyva-León Eduardo
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: conocer la conformación y características principales de las redes sociales de conocimiento de la acuicultura de camarón en el norte de Sinaloa, a partir del caso del municipio líder en la producción. Metodología: la información se obtuvo mediante una encuesta propia aplicada a una muestra de 58 camaronicultores ubicados en el municipio de Ahome, Sinaloa; esta información fue procesada mediante las herramientas propias del análisis de redes sociales (ARS) para la elaboración de grafos y la estimación de medidas globales de la red. Resultados: el estudio logra representar gráficamente la red de conocimiento de los cultivadores de camarón de Ahome y apreciar que posee una estructura tipo estrella, donde casi todos los productores están conectados principal y directamente a dos puntos centrales, una dependencia gubernamental de sanidad y una asociación civil que promueve la transferencia de tecnología. Limitaciones: la reconstrucción de la red, en su estructura u composición, se realiza con base en una muestra de tamaño limitada. Conclusiones: la centralización de la red de conocimiento tiene implicaciones importantes en términos de aprendizaje tecnológico, de asimilación de nuevo conocimiento y tecnologías, adopción y difusión de las innovaciones tecnológicas; el posicionamiento de los actores individuales y la manera como están conectados a otros actores de la red tienen también importantes implicaciones en términos de innovación y adopción tecnológica.