bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of the vocal tract model order in iterative adaptive inverse filtering
Authors: Zhang Ziqian , Xiao Zhongzhe , Huang Min
Published: February 2022

This paper is part of a special issue on Music Technology. Accurate estimation of glottal wave is an important method for singing voice analysis via voicing patterns. In this paper, an optimising method is proposed for automatic determination of vocal tract linear prediction analysis order that follows the specific situation of different voicing scenes based on Iterative Adaptive Inverse Filtering (IAIF) aiming at getting a more accurate glottal wave from speech or singing voice signal in a non‐invasive way. In comparison with existing methods that use fixed experience order, the proposed method can achieve up to 8.41% improvement in correlation coefficient with the real glottal wave.
The ALMA-ALPINE [CII] survey
Authors: Burgarella D. , Bogdanoska J. , Nanni A. , Bardelli S. , Béthermin M. , Boquien M. , Buat V. , Faisst A. L. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Fudamoto Y. , Fujimoto S. , Giavalisco M. , Ginolfi M. , Gruppioni C. , Hathi N. P. , Ibar E. , Jones G. C. , Koekemoer A. M. , Kohno K. , Lemaux B. C. , Narayanan D. , Oesch P. , Ouchi M. , Riechers D. A. , Pozzi F. , Romano M. , Schaerer D. , Talia M. , Theulé P. , Vergani D. , Zamorani G. , Zucca E. , Cassata P. ,   the ALPINE team
Published: February 2022

Star-forming galaxies are composed of various types of galaxies. However, the luminosity functions at z ≳ 4–5 suggest that most galaxies have a relatively low stellar mass (log Mstar ∼ 10) and a low dust attenuation (AFUV ∼ 1.0). The physical properties of these objects are quite homogeneous. We used an approach where we combined their rest-frame far-infrared and submillimeter emissions and utilized the universe and the redshift as a spectrograph to increase the amount of information in a collective way. From a subsample of 27 ALMA-detected galaxies at z > 4.5, we built an infrared spectral energy distribution composite template. It was used to fit, with CIGALE, the 105 galaxies (detections and upper limits) in the sample from the far-ultraviolet to the far-infrared. The derived physical parameters provide information to decipher the nature of the dust cycle and of the stellar populations in these galaxies. The derived IR composite template is consistent with the galaxies in the studied sample. A delayed star formation history with τmain = 500 Myr is slightly favored by the statistical analysis as compared to a delayed with a final burst or a continuous star formation history. The position of the sample in the star formation rate (SFR) versus Mstar diagram is consistent with previous papers. The redshift evolution of the log Mstar versus AFUV relation is in agreement with an evolution in redshift of this relation. This evolution is necessary to explain the cosmic evolution of the average dust attenuation of galaxies. Evolution is also observed in the Ldust/LFUV (IRX) versus UV slope βFUV diagram: younger galaxies have bluer βFUV. We modeled the shift of galaxies in the IRX versus the βFUV diagram with the mass-weighted age as a free parameter, and we provide an equation to make predictions. The large sample studied in this paper is generally consistent with models that assume rapid dust formation from supernovae and removal of dust by outflows and supernovae blasts. However, we find that high mass dusty star-forming galaxies cannot be explained by the models.
Effects of green improvement and pricing policies in a double dual-channel competitive supply chain under decision-making power strategies
Authors: Pal Brojeswar , Sarkar Amit
Published: February 2022

With the intensive growth of internet use, the customers choose the online market as the right preference. Hence, manufacturers are attracted to launch an online channel that includes a retail channel. To maintain the versatile demand types of products, a retailer is to stock more than one product of the same category, and consequently, he has to purchase products from different manufacturers. This article formulates a dual-channel supply chain model with two manufacturers and a standard retailer, where the optimal online prices, retail prices, wholesale prices, and level of green improvements are decided under different types of decision making power strategies such as Centralized, joint manufacturers Stackelberg, separate Stackelberg, Nash games are investigated. The optimal results are derived and compared with the help of a numerical example. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis is performed to scrutinize the effect of some important parameters. It is found that the green level is higher in a double dual-channel model than in a single dual-channel model. Moreover, the own-channel price sensitivity parameters affect the profit functions of the members negatively. The manufacturers must control the cost-coefficients of greening to increase the green level of the manufacturing products.
Patient Centered Radiology – An Introduction in Form of a Narrative Review
Authors: Schreyer Andreas G. , Schneider Katharina , Dendl Lena Marie , Jaehn Philipp , Molwitz Isabel , Westphalen Kerstin , Holmberg Christine
Published: February 2022

Background Patient centered radiology represents a crucial aspect for modern sustainable radiology. The definition of patient-centered consists of a focus on patients’ individual values and wishes with a respectful integration in medical decisions. In this narrative review we try to give a practical introduction into this complex topic with the extension to a person-centered radiology, which additionally encompasses values and wishes of radiological and other medical colleagues.

Methods Medline search between 2010 and 2021 using “patient-centered radiology” with additional subjective selection of articles for this narrative review.

Results Regarding patients’ experiences the main literature focus were patients’ fears of examinations (movement restrictions, uncertainty). Most patients would prefer a direct communication with the radiologist after the examination. Regarding interdisciplinary communication the radiological expertise and quality is highly appreciated; however, there was a general wish for more structured- or itemized reporting. Concerning working conditions radiologists were satisfied despite high psychosocial working pressure.

Conclusion Most of the literature on this topic consists of surveys evaluating the current state. Studies on interventions such as improved information before examinations or patient-readable reports are still scarce. There is a dilemma between an increasing radiological workload and the simultaneous wish for more patient-centered approaches such as direct radiologist-patient communications in the daily routine. Still on our way to a more value-based radiology we have to focus on patient communications and a patient-centered medicine.

Key Points:

Citation Format
Opportunities and Challenges of Integrating Food Practice into Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: Ozkaynak Mustafa , Voida Stephen , Dunn Emily
Published: February 2022

Background Food practice plays an important role in health. Food practice data collected in daily living settings can inform clinical decisions. However, integrating such data into clinical decision-making is burdensome for both clinicians and patients, resulting in poor adherence and limited utilization. Automation offers benefits in this regard, minimizing this burden resulting in a better fit with a patient's daily living routines, and creating opportunities for better integration into clinical workflow. Although the literature on patient-generated health data (PGHD) can serve as a starting point for the automation of food practice data, more diverse characteristics of food practice data provide additional challenges.

Objectives We describe a series of steps for integrating food practices into clinical decision-making. These steps include the following: (1) sensing food practice; (2) capturing food practice data; (3) representing food practice; (4) reflecting the information to the patient; (5) incorporating data into the EHR; (6) presenting contextualized food practice information to clinicians; and (7) integrating food practice into clinical decision-making.

Methods We elaborate on automation opportunities and challenges in each step, providing a summary visualization of the flow of food practice-related data from daily living settings to clinical settings.

Results We propose four implications of automating food practice hereinafter. First, there are multiple ways of automating workflow related to food practice. Second, steps may occur in daily living and others in clinical settings. Food practice data and the necessary contextual information should be integrated into clinical decision-making to enable action. Third, as accuracy becomes important for food practice data, macrolevel data may have advantages over microlevel data in some situations. Fourth, relevant systems should be designed to eliminate disparities in leveraging food practice data.

Conclusion Our work confirms previously developed recommendations in the context of PGHD work and provides additional specificity on how these recommendations apply to food practice.
Electrical stimulation may take a backseat as light drives biohybrid actuators
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: February 2022

Using light instead of electrical stimulation could improve resolution and adaptability, make devices less invasive
A continuum damage approach to spallation and the role of microinertia
Authors: Qamar S. B. , Moore J. A. , Barton N. R.
Published: February 2022

Spall failure is of interest due to its prevalence in high strain rate problems in which the spallation is driven by the interaction of release waves. In this article, a porosity-based damage model that includes microinertial effects is used to examine spall failure. The model is successfully calibrated to plate impact-driven experiments and then used to evaluate experimental conditions producing more extreme strain rate conditions, such as those in laser-driven experiments. The incorporation of microinertia allows us to better understand the increase in apparent macroscopic spall strength seen at high strain rates. Correspondingly, we conclude that the incorporation of microinertial effects improves the model’s predictive capabilities. Microinertial effects result in more severe local tensile stresses that affect the damage evolution, and microinertia can play a significant role in the approach to the material’s ideal strength at extreme loading rates. A preliminary parametric study is also carried out to investigate the role of microstructural aspects such as nucleation volume fraction and initial pore radius. One counter-intuitive result from the microinertial effects is that, for a given nucleation site volume fraction, having larger initial pore nucleation sites can lead to an improved macroscopic spall strength.
Al2O3/InGaAs interface passivation by fluorine-containing anodic layers
Authors: Aksenov M. S. , Valisheva N. A. , Gorshkov D. V. , Sidorov G. Y. , Prosvirin I. P. , Gutakovskii A. K.
Published: February 2022

The morphology, chemical composition, and electronic properties of Al2O3/InGaAs interfaces with and without anodic oxide layers, formed in DC plasma (O2, Ar) with different contents of the fluorinating component (CF4), were studied. It is shown that thin fluorinated anodic oxide layers, in combination with annealing at 300 °C, reduce the density of interface states by a factor of 3–4 over the entire bandgap. The minimum state density values near the midgap determined by the Terman method are about 2 × 1012 eV−1 cm−2. However, it is demonstrated that, in contrast to the Al2O3/InGaAs interface, the interface with a fluorinated oxide is not stable and degrades when heated above 300 °C.
Analysis of the bubble-pulsation process of underwater high current pulsed discharge
Authors: Zhao Yong , Liu Yi , Zhang He , Ren Yi-Jia , Lin Fu-Chang
Published: February 2022

The bubble of underwater high current pulsed discharge forms after the pre-breakdown process, and the change in electrical loop parameters will affect its pulsation characteristics. The relationship between loop electrical parameters and the bubble-pulsation process is unclear, and its influence on the acoustic characteristics of the bubble-pulsation is not apparent. In order to quantitatively analyze the bubble-pulsation characteristics, a comprehensive experimental platform of underwater high current pulsed discharge is built. Under different loop electrical parameters, with the help of experimental data of electrical signals and optical images, the variation characteristics of the bubble-pulsation period and energy are analyzed. The acoustic characteristics of the bubble-pulsation process are analyzed, and the correctness of acoustic characteristic analysis is verified by experimental results. The comparison between experimental and theoretical data shows that the analysis of bubble-pulsation period and energy is correct. The bubble-pulsation characteristics can be predicted utilizing the deposition energy of the plasma channel. The results provide a basis for the quantitative analysis of the bubble-pulsation characteristics and strengthen the connection between the three underwater high current pulsed discharge processes.
Enhancement of the thermoelastic component of the photoacoustic signal of silicon membranes coated with a thin TiO2 film
Authors: Markushev D. K. , Markushev D. D. , Aleksić S. M. , Pantić D. S. , Galović S. P. , Lukić D. V. , Ordonez-Miranda J.
Published: February 2022

The reduction of the photogenerated charge carriers' influence in periodically illuminated thin silicon membranes is investigated by using the experimental setup of an open photoacoustic cell in the standard range of modulation frequencies from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. It is confirmed that the deposition of a 200 nm thin film of titanium dioxide on the 30- and 50 μm silicon membrane leads to a large increase of the thermoelastic component of the photoacoustic signal, which restores the flexibility lost to the membrane under the influence of photogenerated carriers. The effect of the thermoelastic component enhancement is analyzed by observing the displacement of the tested samples along the heat propagation axis, depending on the carrier density and temperature differences on the illuminated and unilluminated sides, for different membrane thicknesses and a constant film thickness. It is found that the effect of enhancement of several orders of magnitude is more visible in thinner membranes due to higher ratios between the film and membrane thicknesses.
REANN: A PyTorch-based end-to-end multi-functional deep neural network package for molecular, reactive, and periodic systems
Authors: Zhang Yaolong , Xia Junfan , Jiang Bin
Published: February 2022

In this work, we present a general purpose deep neural network package for representing energies, forces, dipole moments, and polarizabilities of atomistic systems. This so-called recursively embedded atom neural network model takes advantages of both the physically inspired atomic descriptor based neural networks and the message-passing based neural networks. Implemented in the PyTorch framework, the training process is parallelized on both the central processing unit and the graphics processing unit with high efficiency and low memory in which all hyperparameters can be optimized automatically. We demonstrate the state-of-the-art accuracy, high efficiency, scalability, and universality of this package by learning not only energies (with or without forces) but also dipole moment vectors and polarizability tensors in various molecular, reactive, and periodic systems. An interface between a trained model and LAMMPs is provided for large scale molecular dynamics simulations. We hope that this open-source toolbox will allow for future method development and applications of machine learned potential energy surfaces and quantum-chemical properties of molecules, reactions, and materials.
Entropy determination for mixtures in the adiabatic grand-isobaric ensemble
Authors: Desgranges Caroline , Delhommelle Jerome
Published: February 2022

The entropy change that occurs upon mixing two fluids has remained an intriguing topic since the dawn of statistical mechanics. In this work, we generalize the grand-isobaric ensemble to mixtures and develop a Monte Carlo algorithm for the rapid determination of entropy in these systems. A key advantage of adiabatic ensembles is the direct connection they provide with entropy. Here, we show how the entropy of a binary mixture A–B can be readily obtained in the adiabatic grand-isobaric (μA, μB, P, R) ensemble, in which μA and μB denote the chemical potential of components A and B, respectively, P is the pressure, and R is the heat (Ray) function, that corresponds to the total energy of the system. This, in turn, allows for the evaluation of the entropy of mixing and the Gibbs free energy of mixing. We also demonstrate that our approach performs very well both on systems modeled with simple potentials and with complex many-body force fields. Finally, this approach provides a direct route to the determination of the thermodynamic properties of mixing and allows for the efficient detection of departures from ideal behavior in mixtures.
The long road to calibrated prediction uncertainty in computational chemistry
Authors: Pernot Pascal
Published: February 2022

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) in computational chemistry (CC) is still in its infancy. Very few CC methods are designed to provide a confidence level on their predictions, and most users still rely improperly on the mean absolute error as an accuracy metric. The development of reliable UQ methods is essential, notably for CC to be used confidently in industrial processes. A review of the CC-UQ literature shows that there is no common standard procedure to report or validate prediction uncertainty. I consider here analysis tools using concepts (calibration and sharpness) developed in meteorology and machine learning for the validation of probabilistic forecasters. These tools are adapted to CC-UQ and applied to datasets of prediction uncertainties provided by composite methods, Bayesian ensembles methods, and machine learning and a posteriori statistical methods.
Correlation-based study of FEA and IR thermography to reveal the 2DEG temperature of a multi-fingered high-power GaN HEMT
Authors: Durna Yilmaz , Kocer Hasan , Aras Yunus Erdem , Soydan Mahmut Can , Butun Bayram , Ozbay Ekmel
Published: February 2022

High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) based on gallium nitride (GaN) with a wide range of application potentials need to be rigorously examined for reliability to take advantage of their intrinsically extraordinary properties. The most vital parameter of the reliability, the hotspot, or Tmax, resides in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) temperature profile inside the device where optical access is often restricted. The device surface temperature can be measured by widespread IR thermography with the limitation of diffraction-based IR transmission losses. However, Tmax on the sub-surface cannot be reached thermographically. Although finite element analysis (FEA)-based thermal simulations can easily reveal the 2DEG temperature profile, accuracy is tightly dependent on the realistic modeling of material/structure parameters. Because these parameters are rather sensitive to fabrication and processing, it is quite difficult to specify them accurately. To overcome these drawbacks, a method integrating both IR thermography and FEA thermal analysis is demonstrated on a fabricated high-power 40 × 360 μm packaged GaN HEMT as a proof-of-concept. Utilizing the simulation and measurement temperature profiles, a correlation algorithm is developed so that accuracy of the FEA thermal simulation is improved by calibrating the parameters specific to fabrication/process conditions by thermographic measurement. Then, it is quantitatively shown that the proposed method is able to find the 2DEG temperature profile and Tmax with an accuracy that best suits the intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics of the device under test. The method sheds light on GaN reliability engineering by providing a feasible and reliable alternative to realistically reveal hotspot information for device lifetime assessments.
When distant relatives look too alike: a new family, two new genera and a new species of deep-sea
Authors: López-González Pablo J. , Drewery Jim
Published: February 2022

Among octocorals, colonies of the deep-sea pennatulacean genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 are some of the most instantly recognisable forms. Historically however, species identification in this genus has been usually based on few morphological characters with very little knowledge of associated intraspecific variability. This fact, combined with the very limited access to these deep-sea organisms, has resulted in numerous uncertainties about the true characters that should be used in species determination and recognition of synonyms and questionable species. Recent phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers has shown to be an excellent complementary source of information to morphological examination, being able to detect incongruent taxonomic assignments in classifications based only on morphological characters. Molecular analyses can reveal the presence of paraphyletic or polyphyletic groupings of taxa that may then be the subject of further research integrating morphological and molecular techniques. This paper addresses the existence of a set of specimens initially assigned to the genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 but that have been shown to be distantly related to the type species Umbellula encrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) based on molecular phylogenetic hypotheses. Phylogenetic analyses based on four genetic markers, three mitochondrial (mtMutS, ND2, Cox1) and one nuclear (28S), validate the definition of a new family (Pseudumbellulidae fam. nov.) and two new genera (Pseudumbellula gen. nov. and Solumbellula gen. nov). These analyses also justify the segregation of some of the morphological characters previously included in the diagnosis of the genus Umbellula and the monotypic family Umbellulidae Kölliker, 1880. Moreover, a new species, Pseudumbellula scotiae sp. nov. is described and illustrated with material from the North Eastern Atlantic and compared with congeners. Additionally, the well-known but atypical species Umbellula monocephalus Pasternak, 1964 is transferred and described here as Solumbellula monocephalus (Pasternak, 1964), comb. nov., based on both molecular data and morphology.
Modifying the maternal microbiota alters the gut–brain metabolome and prevents emotional dysfunction in the adult offspring of obese dams
Authors: Radford-Smith Daniel E. , Probert Fay , Burnet Philip W. J. , Anthony Daniel C.
Published: February 2022

Significance

Maternal obesity is a growing public health concern and is linked to an increased risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in humans. Despite accumulating evidence for the important role maternal microbes play during gestation and nursing, the longitudinal effect of maternal nutrition on offspring metabolism across the gut–brain axis at different ages remains unexplored. We provide evidence for the protective efficacy of perinatal probiotic exposure against increased anxiety-like behaviors induced by maternal obesity. Protection was maintained into adulthood, which may be mediated by the enhancement of brain energy metabolites and an increase in gut butyrate. These findings reveal the importance and long-lasting role of maternally derived microbiota and metabolites in increasing resilience to mood disorders in the offspring.
Visual pigment–deficient cones survive and mediate visual signaling despite the lack of outer segments
Authors: Xu Hui , Jin Nange , Chuang Jen-Zen , Zhang Zhao , Zhong Xiaoyue , Zhang Zhijing , Sung Ching-Hwa , Ribelayga Christophe P. , Fu Yingbin
Published: February 2022

Significance

The study of visual pigments (rhodopsin in rods and cone opsins in cones) in vision has a long and illustrious history. It is well established that rhodopsin is required for rod phototransduction, outer segment formation, and rod viability. It is not known if the same is true for the cones. By using the cone opsin–deficient mice, we made the surprising observation that cones survive for at least 12 mo without cone opsins, suggesting that cone opsins are dispensable for cone viability. Furthermore, cone opsin–deficient cones continue to mediate visual signaling by relaying the rod signal through rod–cone gap junctions. Our finding represents a major difference between the two types of photoreceptors in vertebrates: rods and cones.
Conformational alterations in unidirectional ion transport of a light-driven chloride pump revealed using X-ray free electron lasers
Authors: Hosaka Toshiaki , Nomura Takashi , Kubo Minoru , Nakane Takanori , Fangjia Luo , Sekine Shun-ichi , Ito Takuhiro , Murayama Kazutaka , Ihara Kentaro , Ehara Haruhiko , Kashiwagi Kazuhiro , Katsura Kazushige , Akasaka Ryogo , Hisano Tamao , Tanaka Tomoyuki , Tanaka Rie , Arima Toshi , Yamashita Ayumi , Sugahara Michihiro , Naitow Hisashi , Matsuura Yoshinori , Yoshizawa Susumu , Tono Kensuke , Owada Shigeki , Nureki Osamu , Kimura-Someya Tomomi , Iwata So , Nango Eriko , Shirouzu Mikako
Published: February 2022

Significance

Light-driven chloride pumps have been identified in various species, including archaea and marine flavobacteria. The function of ion transportation controllable by light is utilized for optogenetics tools in neuroscience. Chloride pumps differ among species, in terms of amino acid homology and structural similarity. Our time-resolved crystallographic studies using X-ray free electron lasers reveal the molecular mechanism of halide ion transfer in a light-driven chloride pump from a marine flavobacterium. Our data indicate a common mechanism in chloride pumping rhodopsins, as compared to previous low-temperature trapping studies of chloride pumps. These findings are significant not only for further improvements of optogenetic tools but also for a general understanding of the ion pumping mechanisms of microbial rhodopsins.
Why are physical sputtering yields similar for incident ions with different masses?—physical sputtering yields of the Lennard–Jones system
Authors: Mauchamp Nicolas A , Hamaguchi Satoshi
Published: February 2022

Plasma etching of nano-meter-scale complex structures for semiconductor device manufacturing requires a deeper understanding of etching mechanisms. For example, it is known experimentally that the sputtering yield of a material tends to have weak dependence on the mass of incident ions except for extremely light ions such as helium. To understand this property, the sputtering yield of a system of atoms interacting with Lennard–Jones (LJ) potentials was evaluated with molecular dynamics simulation. As the simplest possible case involving two atomic species, a single-element face-centered-cubit (fcc) LJ solid surface interacting with purely repulsive atoms was examined, which emulates a solid surface sputtered by noble-gas ions. The sputtering of such a system at specific incident ion energy depends only on two parameters, i.e. the mass ratio and a parameter representing the relative interaction range between the surface atom and the incident ion. For real materials of our concern used in plasma etching, the range of these two parameters was found to be relatively limited. It was also found that the physical sputtering yield of the LJ system weakly depends on the mass ratio in this relatively narrow parameter range. Because the simple model predicts the weak yield dependence on the incident ion mass, it is considered as a generic property of physical sputtering, independent of the detailed atomic interactions of the surface material and incident ion species.
Simulating a catalyst induced quantum dynamical phase transition of a Heyrovsky reaction with different models for the environment
Authors: Lozano-Negro Fabricio S , Ferreyra-Ortega Marcos A , Bendersky Denise , Fernández-Alcázar Lucas , Pastawski Horacio M
Published: February 2022

Through an appropriate election of the molecular orbital basis, we show analytically that the molecular dissociation occurring in a Heyrovsky reaction can be interpreted as a quantum dynamical phase transition, i.e., an analytical discontinuity in the molecular energy spectrum induced by the catalyst. The metallic substrate plays the role of an environment that produces an energy uncertainty on the adatom. This broadening induces a critical behavior not possible in a quantum closed system. We use suitable approximations on symmetry, together with both Lanczos and canonical transformations, to give analytical estimates for the critical parameters of molecular dissociation. This occurs when the bonding to the surface is

2

times the molecular bonding. This value is slightly weakened for less symmetric situations. However simple, this conclusion involves a high order perturbative solution of the molecule-catalyst system. This model is further simplified to discuss how an environment-induced critical phenomenon can be evaluated through an idealized perturbative tunneling microscopy set-up. In this case, the energy uncertainties in one or both atoms are either Lorentzian or Gaussian. The former results from the Fermi golden rule, i.e., a Markovian approximation. The Gaussian uncertainty, associated with non-Markovian decoherent processes, requires the introduction of a particular model of a spin bath. The partially coherent tunneling current is obtained from the generalized Landauer–Büttiker equations. The resonances observed in these transport parameters reflect, in many cases, the critical properties of the resonances in the molecular spectrum.
First principle based investigation of topological insulating phase in half-Heusler family NaYO (Y = Ag, Au, and Cu)
Authors: Kore Ashish , Ara Nisa , Singh Poorva
Published: February 2022

The ternary half-Heusler compounds have shown great potential for realizing new 3D topological insulators. With band gap tuning and spin orbit coupling these compounds may undergo topological phase transitions. In present work, we explore the possibility of realizing a topological insulating phase in half-Heusler family NaYO (Y = Ag, Au, and Cu). We find that for NaAgO, external strain (∼19%) along with spin–orbit coupling (SOC), is required to achieve band-inversion at Γ high-symmetry point and leads to phase transition from trivial to non-trivial topological insulating phase. In case of NaAuO and NaCuO, non-trivial phase appears in their equilibrium lattice constant, hence only SOC is enough to achieve band-inversion leading to non-trivial topology. The non-centrosymmetric nature of crystal geometry leads to the formation of two twofold degenerate point nodes near the Fermi level.
A simulation-data-driven subdomain adaptation adversarial transfer learning network for rolling element bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhu Peng , Dong Shaojiang , Pan Xuejiao , Hu Xiaolin , Zhu Sunke
Published: February 2022

In recent years, increasing numbers of deep learning methods for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings (REBS) have been proposed. However, in industry, the scarcity of available data to monitor the health condition of REBS leads to low recognition accuracy of the trained intelligent diagnostic models. To solve this problem, we propose a simulation-data-driven subdomain adaptation adversarial transfer learning (TL) network (SAATLN). Firstly, a defect vibration model is introduced to simulate vibration signals of different types of REBS faults. And the real signal and simulated signal are used as the target domain and source domain of the TL fault diagnosis methods, respectively. Secondly, SAATLN uses the designed residual squeeze-and-excitation (Re-SE) blocks to extract transfer features between different domains. Meanwhile, it combines adversarial learning and subdomain adaptation to adapt the marginal distribution and conditional distribution discrepancies of high-level features. Also, the local maximum mean discrepancy is introduced as the subdomain adaptation metric criterion. Finally, different transfer tasks are performed on the artificially damaged and run-to-failure REBS data sets. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the SAATLN in the simulation-data-driven REBS fault diagnosis.
A flexible carbon fibre-based electrothermal film for fast actuation of shape memory alloy sheets
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Yongquan , Yao Tao , Feng Xiaojuan
Published: February 2022

Two-dimensional shape memory alloy (SMA) structures have great potential in intelligent and highly flexible robots. However, they have challenges in direct electric heating. This paper proposes a solution to heat SMA sheets using carbon fibres as surface heat sources and indirectly transmits Joule heat generated by the carbon fibres to the SMA sheets. The preparation process of the carbon fibre-based thermoelectric composite film is illustrated in this study. The effect of heat source (carbon fibre) distribution on heat transfer characteristics and the temperature field of the SMA surface is simulated. Then, a functional prototype integrated thermoelectric film and flexible SMA is fabricated, and its effectiveness is verified by local and global activation, respectively. The results show that the composite structure can recover deformation rapidly in 2 s with only 0.7 A running current (applied to each carbon fibre). In addition, the local temperature control method can also realize distributed (spatial dimension) and sequential (temporal dimension) control of the structure. The proposed solution is expected to expand further the design and control of complex, intelligent structures with the development of 4D printing technology.
Multidimensional measures of electromagnetic chirality and their conformal invariance
Authors: Vavilin Maxim , Fernandez-Corbaton Ivan
Published: February 2022

Proper assignment of left- and right-handed labels to general chiral objects is known to be a theoretically unfeasible problem. Attempts to utilize a pseudoscalar function to distinguish enantiomers face two unavoidable difficulties: false chiral zeros and unhanded chiral states. In here, we demonstrate how both of these problems can be solved in the context of light–matter interactions. First, we introduce a two-dimensional quantity called complex electromagnetic chirality that solves the problem of false chiral zeros. Next, we define an infinite-dimensional pseudovector called chirality signature that completely quantifies the multidimensional nature of electromagnetic chirality, does not have false global chiral zeros, and allows to continuously distinguish any pair of enantiomers because it does not produce unhanded chiral states. We prove that the introduced measures are invariant under the largest group of symmetries of Maxwell’s equations—the conformal group. The complete, continuous, and conformally invariant quantification of electromagnetic chirality provided by the chirality signature distinguishes it as a particularly suitable tool for the study of chirality and its applications.
Drift ion-acoustic waves in a nonuniform rotating magnetoplasma with two-temperature superthermal electrons
Authors: Abdikian A , Eghbali M , Misra A P
Published: February 2022

The theory of low-frequency (in comparison with the ion cyclotron frequency), long wavelength, electrostatic drift ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) is studied in a nonuniform rotating magnetoplasma with two temperature superthermal electrons. In the linear limit, the coupling of IAWs and drift waves by the density inhomogeneity is shown to produce a new wave mode which typically depends on the density gradient, the rotational frequency and the spectral indexes of superthermal electrons. In the nonlinear regime, an evolution equation for the drift IAWs is derived by the dispersion approach, and using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion technique its exact solitary and periodic wave solutions (namely, cnoidal and dnoidal) are also obtained. The properties of these solutions are numerically examined and it is found that they are significantly modified by the effects of the background density gradient, the superthermality of electrons and the Coriolis force associated with the rotational motion of ions.
Numerical Study on the Influence of Angles of Repose on the Stability of Cargo in a Cargo Hold
Authors: Wang Zhanwei , Zhang Jianwei , Zhou Hang
Published: February 2022

In recent years, cargo instability caused by fluidization is one of the main reasons for bulk carrier capsizing. Considering the complexity and diversity of the actual cargo, the mechanism of fluidization has not been fully revealed. Taking a single cargo hold of a 57,000 DWT bulk carrier as an example, a 3D cargo hold scaled model was established, and the movement state of the cargo in the cargo hold under different angles of repose is numerically simulated. Results show that under the precondition of model parameters, angle of repose of the cargo can be further modified by the friction coefficient between particles. The smaller of the angle of repose, the stronger of the fluidity of the cargo becomes. There exists a critical angle of repose, below which the center of gravity offset of the cargo becomes more obvious and the stability of the cargo drops sharply. Simulation model and numerical method involved in this research can provide some references for predicting the stability of the marine transportation of solid bulk cargoes.
Automatic partial discharge detection method of traction transformer based on wavelet transform
Authors: Liu Jiyong , Wang Xin , Yan Shengchun , Fan Yan , Hao Changjin
Published: February 2022

Partial discharge parameter acquisition and storage of transformer lacks the setting of time threshold, which leads to the low reception rate of transformer discharge signal. An automatic detection method of partial discharge of transformer in substation based on wavelet transform is studied. By analyzing the ultrasonic waveform of discharge signal, the partial discharge parameters of transformer in high voltage substation are extracted. According to the principle of wavelet transform, the time threshold is set, the extracted parameters are collected and stored in sections, and the automatic detection algorithm of partial discharge parameters is established. By deriving the results, the automatic detection of partial discharge is completed. At this point, the design of automatic detection method for partial discharge of transformer in substation based on wavelet transform is completed. Analysis of experimental results: Through comparative experiments, it is found that the highest discharge signal receiving rate of this method is 87.5%, which is superior to other methods and has high application value.
Current Status And Prospects Of Research On New Urban User-side Energy Interconnection System Planning
Authors: Ye Peng , Zhang Zheng bin , Wang Huan , Guan Duo jiao , Zhang Ming li , Zhang Na
Published: February 2022

Constructing a new-type urban user-level energy interconnection system, comprehensively considering user-side energy characteristics to optimize the “source-network-load” structure, which is conducive to awakening the potential of users to delay load peak shaving, and realizing the local consumption of renewable energy, which is a solution for small towns. An important means to balance supply and demand. Based on the initiative of users to use energy, this paper divides the user energy interconnection system into residential users, industrial and commercial users, and electric vehicle users. First, it outlines the connotation of the energy Internet and the architecture of the user-side energy interconnection system. Secondly, it summarizes the planning model of user energy interconnection system. Subsequently, according to the “source-network-load” structure, the configuration of the user-side energy interconnection system is analyzed from the perspective of planning. Finally, this article briefly prospects and discusses the factors that need to be considered in the future user energy interconnection system planning.
Power system solution based on root matching method in FPGA environments
Authors: Xue Ke , Cao Le , Chen GuoChu
Published: February 2022

Digital electromagnetic transient simulation is an important means to analyze the operation, planning and control of power systems. Numerical integration algorithm is the core of electromagnetic transient simulation analysis. By analyzing the existing electromagnetic transient simulation methods of power systems, it is difficult to solve the numerical oscillation and decoupling problems, and the root matching method is proposed to solve such problems. From the perspectives of basic component modeling methods and basic simulation algorithms, the disadvantages of mainstream algorithms in solving electromagnetic oscillations are analyzed. Combining the calculation and simulation features in FPGA, the three-phase two-level inverter model of the power system built is verified.
User-transformer relation identification based on power balance model and adaptive AFSA
Authors: Song Jiawei , Jiang Yan , Song Xueying , Sheng Zhiqiang , Meng Zibing
Published: February 2022

User-transformer relation identification plays an important role in the correct management of low-voltage area archives and the improvement of line loss. In order to obtain an accurate user-transformer relation identification, this paper proposes a user-transformer relation identification method in the low-voltage area based on power balance model and adaptive artificial fish swarm algorithm(AFSA). This method uses the summation relationship between the total meter of the transformer and the user’s meter/meter box to fit the coefficients of the power balance equation through the AFSA, then we use the coefficients and related statistical values to judge the user-transformer relation. The main innovations are: this paper proposes a power balance model to solve the problem of user-transformer relation identification, which is simpler than previous methods and has strong operability; AFSA is used to fit the regression coefficients of the power balance equation, which has advantages in calculation accuracy and efficiency compared with the traditional least squares method; an improvement strategy of adaptive step length is proposed to make the ability of AFSA to find superior stronger. By selecting real station data for verification, the result shows that the method in this paper can quickly and accurately identify user’s meters/meter boxes with abnormal user-transformer relationship, the method in this paper has high computational efficiency and recognition accuracy without additional labor and hardware costs.
Probability Density Analysis of Wind Storage Output Based on Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Hu Haiming , Yan Yan
Published: February 2022

Due to the relatively large fluctuation amplitude of the output power of wind farms, when using energy storage to stabilize the output characteristics of wind power, the impact of the addition of energy storage on the probability density of wind power output needs to be further analyzed. This paper uses Monte Carlo simulation algorithm to analyze the probability density of active power output in consideration of the operating state of wind power and compares the change of the output probability density curve after adding energy storage. According to the output probability density curve obtained by the algorithm, the abscissa of the curve is shifted to the right by one energy storage capacity unit after the addition of energy storage, so that the output probability density curve of the wind storage system can reach the required value by adding energy storage.
Research on Vibration of Mechanical System Based on MATLAB
Authors: Feng Changying , Pang Chen
Published: February 2022

Mechanical vibration is the main factor affecting mechanical performance. This vibration will seriously affect the smoothness of the mechanical system and reduce the service life of mechanical system components. In addition, severe mechanical vibration may also affect the stability of the mechanical system and produce noise. Therefore, studying mechanical vibration and proposing control methods will be a significant task. This paper is mainly based on MATLAB to study the vibration of a typical mechanical system, namely the body and wheel dual-mass system, and obtain its amplitude-frequency characteristics, and focus on the influence of system parameters on the root mean square value of vibration. This research can provide a certain useful reference for reducing vehicle vibration and improving vehicle driving comfort.
Theory and application of gas drilling technology
Authors: Pei Xiangbing , Feng Jianqiu , Jiang Ke , Zhang Tan , Wang Xiaonan
Published: February 2022

Gas drilling began in the 1950s. The drilling process is implemented by injecting a mixture of air and water into the well with an air compressor. Field experiments have gradually proved that air drilling in hard rock can improve the ROP by 2 ∼ 3 times, especially in reservoir protection. In this paper, the gas drilling technology is analyzed and discussed. The test results of gas drilling technology show that the drilling time is reduced and the mechanical ROP is greatly improved. Compared with mud drilling, the mechanical ROP of gas drilling in the same structure and well section is generally increased by 2 ∼ 10 times, the production of oil and gas wells is relatively high and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Optimization of the nozzle structure for the application of fused deposition modeling (FDM)
Authors: Yang Shuran , Xu Zhihao , Huang Chenyang , Yang Qifeng , Huang Hongzhao
Published: February 2022

The principle of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is basically that the micro-nozzle moves along the part in the filling track under the computer using some low viscosity material heated to an appropriate temperature without manual intervention. Even though the FDM technology is very popular, some features remain to be improved. For example, the tube above the nozzle might be so heated that the materials inside might be melted. As a result, the machine lacks enough force to push the materials out of the nozzle. In this work, we decide to solve the problems of those overheated tubes. We redesign two types of nozzles with the help of Ansis, which is simulation software. The first design adds heat sinks around the tube, and the second design adds an insulated pipe to prevent the materials from being melted due to the high temperature. According to our simulations, both methods can effectively prevent the tube from becoming overheated, and the material can be pushed out from the nozzle successfully, which broadens the usage of the FDM technology.
Elasto-plastic constitutive relation of low temperature marine steel EH36
Authors: Zhao Kuangjie , Liu Xianru , Li Jianguang
Published: February 2022

In order to consider the characteristics of materials and the impact of sea ice collision in the calculation of ultimate strength of stiffened plates, based on the study of dynamic constitutive models of sea ice and polar marine steel at low temperature, this paper explores the calculation model of ultimate strength of stiffened plates for hull with collision dents considering the effects of low temperature and strain rate of steel. A constitutive model of EH36 steel considering low temperature effect is proposed, which has practical engineering value. According to the quasi-static tensile test results of EH36 steel at different temperatures, the relation formula of the influence of temperature reduction on the yield strength of EH36 steel was fitted. Based on the test data and Cowper-Symonds model, a constitutive model of EH36 steel considering low temperature effect is proposed, and the constitutive model is applied to the test simulation calculation, which proves that the dynamic constitutive model of EH36 steel has practical engineering value.