bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Weight-Loss Interventions for Reducing Pain and Disability in People With Common Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Robson Emma K. , Hodder Rebecca K. , Kamper Steven J. , O'Brien Kate M. , Williams Amanda , Lee Hopin , Wolfenden Luke , Yoong Serene , Wiggers John , Barnett Chris , Williams Christopher M.
Published: April 2020

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of weight-loss interventions on pain and disability in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) and spinal pain.

Design

Intervention systematic review.

Literature Search

Twelve online databases and clinical trial registries.

Study Selection Criteria

Randomized controlled trials of any weight-loss intervention (eg, diet, physical activity, surgical, pharmaceutical) that reported pain or disability outcomes in people with knee or hip OA or spinal pain.

Data Synthesis

We calculated mean differences or standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool to assess risk of bias and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool to judge credibility of evidence.

Results

Twenty-two trials with 3602 participants were included. There was very low- to very low–credibility evidence for a moderate effect of weight-loss interventions on pain intensity (10 trials, n = 1806; SMD, −0.54; 95% CI: −0.86, −0.22; I2 = 87%, P<.001) and a small effect on disability (11 trials, n = 1821; SMD, −0.32; 95% CI: −0.49, −0.14; I2 = 58%, P<.001) compared to minimal care for people with OA. For knee OA, there was low- to moderate-credibility evidence that weight-loss interventions were not more effective than exercise only for pain intensity and disability, respectively (4 trials, n = 673; SMD, −0.13; 95% CI: −0.40, 0.14; I2 = 55%; 5 trials, n = 737; SMD, −0.20; 95% CI: −0.41, 0.00; I2 = 32%).

Conclusion

Weight-loss interventions may provide small to moderate improvements in pain and disability for OA compared to minimal care. There was limited and inconclusive evidence for weight-loss interventions targeting spinal pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2020;50(6):319–333. Epub 9 Apr 2020. doi:10.2519/jospt.2020.9041
BCL::Conf – Improved Open-Source Knowledge-Based Conformation Sampling using the Crystallographic Open Database
Authors: Mendenhall Jeffrey , Brown Benjamin , Kothiwale Sandeepkumar , Meiler Jens
Published: April 2020

This paper describes recent improvements made to the BCL::Conf rotamer generation algorithm and comparison of its performance against other freely available and commercial conformer generation software. We demonstrate that BCL::Conf, with the use of rotamers derived from the COD, more effectively recovers crystallographic ligand-binding conformations seen in the PDB than other commercial and freely available software. BCL::Conf is now distributed with the COD-derived rotamer library, free for academic use. The BCL can be downloaded at http://meilerlab.org/ bclcommons for Windows, Linux, or Apple operating systems.
Identification of Potential Molecules Against COVID-19 Main Protease Through Structure-Guided Virtual Screening Approach
Authors: Mittal Lovika , Kumari Anita , Srivastava Mitul , Singh Mrityunjay , Asthana Shailendra
Published: April 2020

In this work, Computer-aided drug design method has been implemented to quickly identify promising drug repurposing candidates against COVID-19. The world is facing an epidemic and in absence of vaccine or any effective treatment, it has created a sense of urgency for novel drug discovery approaches. We have made an immediate effort by performing virtual screening of clinically approved drugs or molecules under clinical trials against COVID-19 to identify potential drug molecules. With given knowledge of this system, N3 and 13B compounds have shown inhibitory effect against COVD-19. Both the compounds were considered as control to filter out the screened molecules. Overall, we have identified six potential compounds, Leupeptin Hemisulphate, Pepstatin A, Nelfinavir , Birinapant, Lypression and Octeotide which have shown the docking energy > -8 kcal/mol and MMGBSA > -90 kcal/mol. The binding pattern of these compounds suggests that they interact with key hot-spot residues. Also, the pharmacokinetic annotations and their biological activity have indicated that they possess drug-like properties and pave their way for in vitro studies The findings of this work will be significant for structure and pharmacophore-based designing
Autonomous Titration for Chemistry Classrooms: Preparing Students for Digitized Chemistry Laboratories
Authors: Häse Florian , Tamayo-Mendoza Teresa , Boixo Carmen , Romero Jonathan , Roch Loic , Aspuru-Guzik Alan
Published: April 2020

The digitalization of the economy is one of the drivers of the fourth industrial revolution. This trend is already heavily permeating biology laboratories and rapidly moving into chemistry as well. Notably, automated laboratories enhance process quality and intensification while freeing researchers from repetitive tasks. With these societal changes in place, students need to be prepared for the advanced digitization of chemistry and science by teaching fundamental chemistry concepts in combination with emerging Industry 4.0 technologies, including programming and automation. We describe an undergraduate classroom exercise at the interface of chemistry, computer science and engineering based on the development of an autonomous titration platform. Following an inquiry learning ansatz, the exercise focuses on standard titration experiments which are first executed manually, then automatically and finally in full autonomy by a student-designed robotic platform. We demonstrate that the exercise introduced in this work enables students to learn fundamental concepts in analytical chemistry, naturally integrates basic aspects of programming and automation, and as a consequence promotes and reinforces the detailed understanding of experimental processes and measurements. The exercise is designed in a collaborative active learning framework to encourage complex critical thinking and creative problem solving and thus prepares students for the next-generation chemistry laboratories.
In-silico Studies of Antimalarial-agent Artemisinin and Derivatives Portray More Potent Binding to Lys353 and Lys31-Binding Hotspots of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein than Hydroxychloroquine: Potential Repurposing of Artenimol for COVID-19.
Authors: SEHAILIA Moussa , chemat Smain
Published: April 2020

The role of hydroxychloroquine to prevent hACE2 from interacting with SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is unveiled. Artemisinin & derived compounds entangle better than hydroxychloroquine into Lys353 and Lys31 binding hotspots of the virus Spike protein, therefore preventing infection occurs. Since these molecules are effective antivirals with excellent safety track records, their potential repurposing is recommended for clinical trials of COVID-19 patients.
Retratos literários: o corpo e a potência da moda nos diários escritos de Sophie Calle
Authors: Teixeira Flávia V. S. , Barbosa Silvia Michelle A.Bastos
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise das relações entre a literatura e o retrato a partir da obra de Sophie Calle, considerando como a artista aponta para a potência a moda na criação do sujeito que se dá mediante a construção do corpo e de toda a sua extensão material. A obra Histórias reais, de Calle, será tomada como objeto de estudo com o objetivo de se pensar as questões relativas ao tempo, ao espaço e à imagem, destacando, sobretudo, os signos da moda que ali aparecem. Tais signos são realçados por peças do vestuário que apontam para esse potente plano de significação e de construção temporal, sempre mediado pelos objetos que dão vida ao corpo.
Norms, Forms and Roles: Notes on the Concept of Norm (Not Just) in Neoformalist Poetics of Cinema
Authors: Kokeš Radomír D.
Published: April 2020

Norm as a tool of structural analysis and writing of aesthetically based history is a concept designed by Czech structuralist Jan Mukařovský. For several decades, the American film scholars David Bordwell and Kristin Thompson have been handling this notion. After a review of the original concept, the article follows three main goals: (1) The broadest aim is to reconstruct specific roles the concept played in the process of establishing the so-called neoformalist poetics approach. By returning to Mukařovský’s starting points, we should be able to more clearly understand how his concept of norm was employed and transformed by neoformalist poeticians in order to solve the problems of film studies as an academic discipline on the one hand and problems in formulating concrete research projects on the other. (2) The more particular goal is to point out certain shifts in neoformalist poeticians’ handling of the concept of norm after they formulated the classical Hollywood cinema model. The concept of norm was initially used by them as a tool for bottom-up research of the stylistic history of cinema, as a hollow category for its unbiased explanation. However, consequently it has also become a somewhat filled category applied rather topdown as an interpretative background for assessing its alternatives. (3) The final goal is to answer the question why this re-assessment and interrogation of roles played by norm in neoformalist poetics matters now. By returning to the original concept of norm and by the treatise of its changing functions for film study, the article aims to remind us of the usefulness and flexibility of this research tool. As is suggested in the last part of the article, we still know too little about historical poetics of so-called regional cinemas. If we want to understand them properly, the concept of norm is highly worthwhile – but only if is reached by bottom-up research as the hollow category for the unbiased explanation of certain cinematic phenomena.
On the Notion of Norm in David Bordwell’s System
Authors: Przylipiak Mirosław
Published: April 2020

The paper scrutinizes a notion of norm in David Bordwell’s system of film aesthetics. It concerns such issues as: a relationship between Jan Mukařovský’s concept of norm and the use Bordwell is making of it; procedures of establishing norms on the basis of sample analysis; justification of norms; list of norms and their status; a dialectic of norm and deviation as a tool for film analysis.
An alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 – escape from the NA extraction kit-shortage, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 2020
Authors: Fomsgaard Anna S. , Rosenstierne Maiken Worsøe
Published: April 2020

The World Health Organization has declared COVID-19 caused by the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 a pandemic. Due to growing demand for reagents and/or kits to extract SARS-CoV-2 RNA for subsequent RT-qPCR diagnostics, there is a worldwide risk of shortages. With a detection sensitivity of 97.4% (95% CI: 86.2–99.9%), we describe a simple, fast, alternative workflow for molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2, where samples are simply heat-processed for 5 min at 98 °C before a commonly-used RT-qPCR procedure.
Resume Audit Sistem Informasi (Beti Oktarani / 195100059P)
Authors: Oktarani Beti
Published: April 2020

Audit sistem informasi atau Information System Audit disebut juga EDP Audit (Electronc Data Processing Audit) / Computer audit merupakan suatu proses dikumpulkannya data dan dievakuasinya butki untuk menetapkan apakah suatu sistem aplikasi komputerisasi sudah diterapkan dan menerapkan sistem pengendalian, internal yang sudah sepadan, seluruh aktiva dilindungi dengan baik atau disalahgunakan dan juga terjamin integrita data, keandalan dan juga efektifitas dan efisiensi penyelenggaraan informasi berbasis komputer.Audit sistem informasi sendiri merupakan system information auditing is the process of collecting and evaluating evidence to determite whether a computer system safeguards assets, maintains data integrity, allows organizational goals to the achived effectively and uses resources efficiently. Artinya Audit sistem informasi adalah proses mengumpulkan dan mengavaluasi fakta untuk memutuskan apakah sistem komputer yang merupakan aset perusahaan terlindungi, integritas data terpelihara, sesuai dengan tujuan organisasi untuk mencapai efektifitas dan efisiensi dalam penggunaan sumber daya.Kata Kunci : Audit Teknologi Sistem Informasi
Determination of drag coefficients in automatic ball balancers at low Reynolds numbers
Authors: Spannan Lars , Woschke Elmar
Published: April 2020

With the OpenFOAM CFD Software the drag coefficient in automatic ball balancers utilizing the outer ring of radial ball bearings is calculated.
PANDORA Talks: Personality and Demographics on Reddit
Authors: Gjurković Matej , Karan Mladen , Vukojević Iva , Bošnjak Mihaela , Šnajder Jan
Published: April 2020

Personality and demographics are important variables in social sciences, whilein NLP they can aid in interpretability and removal of societal biases.However, datasets with both personality and demographic labels are scarce. Toaddress this, we present PANDORA, the first large-scale dataset of Reddit commentslabeled with three personality models (including the well-established Big 5 model) and demographics (age, gender, and location) for more than 10k users. Weshowcase the usefulness of this dataset on three experiments, where we leveragethe more readily available data from other personality models to predict theBig 5 traits, analyze gender classification biases arising frompsycho-demographic variables, and carry out a confirmatory and exploratoryanalysis based on psychological theories. Finally, we present benchmarkprediction models for all personality and demographic variables.
Effects of evaluative conditioning on implicit evaluation of alcohol and drinking behaviors: A direct replication
Authors: Tello Nina , Jaafari Nemat , Chatard Armand
Published: April 2020

Background. Recent research suggests that evaluative conditioning can change implicit evaluation of alcohol and reduce drinking behaviors among college students (Houben, Havermans et al., 2010). This study has been conceptually replicated in two previous studies. To date, however, there is no direct and independent replication of the original study. In this paper, we report a high-powered direct replication of Houben, Havermans et al.’s (2010) study. Method. One hundred and sixty-eight French college students took part in this preregistered study. Drinking behavior was assessed before the intervention and two weeks after. The intervention consisted of 120 trials of words related to alcoholic beverages or to soft drink, paired with neutral, positive, or negative pictures. The two conditions were factually equivalent and only differed by the contingency between alcohol-related words and negative pictures. In the evaluative conditioning condition, but not in the control condition, alcohol-related words were systematically paired with negative pictures. Results. Evaluative conditioning did not change implicit evaluation of alcohol and drinking behaviors. However, evaluative conditioning reduced drinking behaviors specifically among hazardous drinkers. Conclusion. This high-powered pre-registered direct replication of Houben, Havermans et al. (2010) suggests that the original effects are more fragile than initially thought. The effect of evaluative conditioning on drinking behaviors may be restricted to heavy drinkers, and we found no evidence that this effect is mediated by a change in implicit attitudes. Further studies are needed to test the original effects in clinical populations.
Epidemiology of craniosynostosis in Norway
Authors: Tønne Elin , Due-Tønnessen Bernt J. , Wiig Ulrikke , Stadheim Barbro F. , Meling Torstein R. , Helseth Eirik , Heimdal Ketil R.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors present population-based epidemiological data for craniosynostosis regarding incidence, age at diagnosis, sex differences, and frequency of syndromic and familial cases.

METHODS

The prospective registry of the Norwegian National Unit for Craniofacial Surgery was used to retrieve data on all individuals with craniosynostosis treated between 2003 and 2017. The cohort was divided into three 5-year groups based on year of birth: 2003–2007, 2008–2012, and 2013–2017.

RESULTS

The authors identified 386 individuals with craniosynostosis. Of these, 328 (85%) consented to be registered with further information. The incidence increased significantly during the study period and was 5.5 per 10,000 live births (1/1800) in the last 5-year period. The increase was seen almost exclusively in the nonsyndromic group. Syndromic craniosynostosis accounted for 27% of the cases, and the incidence remained stable throughout the three 5-year periods. Both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis were highly suture specific. There was a male preponderance (male/female ratio 2:1), and males accounted for 75% of the individuals with midline synostosis. Overall, 9.5% were index individuals in families with more than one affected member; of these, 73% were nonsyndromic cases.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of craniosynostosis increased during the study period, and the observed incidence is among the highest reported. The authors attribute this to increasing awareness among healthcare professionals. The number of syndromic cases was high, likely due to a broader definition compared to the majority of earlier reports. The study revealed a high number of familial cases in both syndromic and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, thus highlighting the importance of genetics as an underlying cause of craniosynostosis.
Indirect decompression with lateral interbody fusion for severe degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: minimum 1-year MRI follow-up
Authors: Shimizu Takayoshi , Fujibayashi Shunsuke , Otsuki Bungo , Murata Koichi , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

The use of indirect decompression surgery for severe canal stenosis remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of lateral interbody fusion (LIF) without posterior decompression in degenerative lumbar spinal spondylosis with severe stenosis on preoperative MRI.

METHODS

This is a retrospective case series from a single academic institution. The authors included 42 patients (45 surgical levels) who were preoperatively diagnosed with severe degenerative lumbar stenosis on MRI based on the previously published Schizas classification. These patients underwent LIF with supplemental pedicle screw fixation without posterior decompression. Surgical levels were limited to L3–4 and/or L4–5. All patients satisfied the minimum 1-year MRI follow-up. The authors compared the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the thecal sac and the clinical outcome scores (Japanese Orthopaedic Association [JOA] score) preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at the 1-year follow-up. Fusion status and disc height were evaluated based on CT scans obtained at the 1-year follow-up.

RESULTS

The CSA improved over time, increasing from 54.5 ± 19.2 mm2 preoperatively to 84.7 ± 31.8 mm2 at 3 weeks postoperatively and to 132.6 ± 37.5 mm2 at the last follow-up (average 28.3 months) (p < 0.001). The JOA score significantly improved over time (preoperatively 16.1 ± 4.1, 3 months postoperatively 24.4 ± 4.0, and 1-year follow-up 25.7 ± 2.9; p < 0.001). The fusion rate at the 1-year follow-up was 88.8%, and disc heights were significantly restored (preoperative, 6.3 mm and postoperative, 9.6 mm; p < 0.001). Patients showing poor CSA expansion (< 200% expansion rate) at the last follow-up had a higher prevalence of pseudarthrosis than patients with significant CSA expansion (> 200% expansion rate) (25.0% vs 3.4%, p < 0.001). No major perioperative complications were observed.

CONCLUSIONS

LIF with indirect decompression for degenerative lumbar disease with severe canal stenosis provided successful clinical outcomes, including restoration of disc height and indirect expansion of the thecal sac. Severe canal stenosis diagnosed on preoperative MRI itself is not a contraindication for indirect decompression surgery.
Occurrence and clinical implications of heterotopic ossification after cervical disc arthroplasty with the Prestige LP Cervical Disc at 2 contiguous levels
Authors: Gornet Matthew F. , Lanman Todd H. , Burkus J. Kenneth , Dryer Randall F. , McConnell Jeffrey R. , Hodges Scott D. , Schranck Francine W. , Ma Guorong
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE

The authors sought to assess the impact of heterotopic ossification (HO) on clinical outcomes and angular range of motion (ROM) after cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) performed with the Prestige LP Cervical Disc (Prestige LP disc) at 2 levels.

METHODS

HO was assessed and graded from 0 to IV for increasing severity on lateral neutral radiographs at each visit in 209 patients who underwent implantation of Prestige LP discs at 2 cervical levels in a clinical trial with extended 10-year follow-up. ROM was compared by using HO grade, and clinical outcomes were compared between HO subgroups (grade 0–II vs III/IV) based on HO severity at 2 and 10 years after surgery.

RESULTS

The grade III/IV HO incidence at either or both index levels was 24.2% (48/198) at 2 years and 39.0% (57/146) at 10 years. No statistical difference was found in overall success; neurological success; or Neck Disability Index (NDI), neck pain, arm pain, or SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores between the HO subgroups (grade 0–II vs III/IV) at either 2 or 10 years. The cumulative rate of possible implant-related adverse events (AEs) was higher in patients having grade III/IV HO at 2 years (56.3%) and 10 years (47.8%) compared with those having grade 0–II HO at 2 years (24.4%) and 10 years (17.9%), specifically in 2 subcategories: spinal events and HOs reported by the investigators. No statistical difference was found between the HO subgroups in possible implant-related serious AEs or secondary surgeries at the index or adjacent levels. The average angular ROMs at index levels were lower in subjects with higher-grade HO at 2 and 10 years. The average ROMs at the superior level were 8.8°, 6.6°, 3.2°, and 0.3°, respectively, for the HO grade 0/I, II, III, and IV groups at 10 years, and 7.9°, 6.2°, 3.7°, and 0.6°, respectively, at the inferior level.

CONCLUSIONS

Radiographically severe (grade III or IV) HO after CDA with the Prestige LP disc at 2 levels did not significantly affect efficacy or safety outcomes (severe AEs or secondary surgeries). However, severe HO, particularly grade IV HO, significantly limited ROM, as expected.
Włączenie zbiorów poklasztornych do Biblioteki Seminarium Duchownego w Sandomierzu
Authors: Wójcik Walenty
Published: April 2020

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Katalog Archiwum Prowincji OO. Bernardynów w Krakowie: część 2: rękopisy: (dokończenie)
Authors: Wyczawski Hieronim Eugeniusz
Published: April 2020

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Archiwum i Biblioteka Kapituły w Sandomierzu
Authors: Wójcik Walenty
Published: April 2020

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Wizytacje diecezji włocławskiej : część I : wizytacje diecezji kujawskiej i pomorskiej : tom 1 : opracowanie archiwalno-źródłoznawcze
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Zachowane kroniki parafialne z terenu diecezji włocławskiej z lat 1901-1939 oraz ich wartość jako źródła historycznego
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Ksiądz Profesor Doktor Marian Rechowicz
Authors: ABMK Redakcja
Published: April 2020

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Bibliografia prac opublikowanych ks. prof. dra Mariana Rechowicza
Authors: ABMK Redakcja
Published: April 2020

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Stulecie Archiwum Państwowego w Poznaniu (1869-1969)
Authors: Krahel Tadeusz
Published: April 2020

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Najnowszy polski skrypt nauk pomocniczych historii
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Pięćdziesiąt tomów czasopisma Archeion
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Archiwum Uniwersyteckie KUL
Authors: Styk Józef
Published: April 2020

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Tak zwana reforma klasztorów w 1864 roku na terenie diecezji sandomierskiej
Authors: Wójcik Walenty
Published: April 2020

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Katalog rubrycel i schematyzmów diecezji i zakonów historycznej Polski znajdujących się w księgozbiorze podręcznym Archiwum Diecezjalnego we Włocławku: część 1: rubrycele i schematyzmy diecezjalne: zeszyt 4: archidiecezja warszawska - diecezja żmudzka
Authors: Librowski Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Schematyzm bernardyński z 1753 roku
Authors: Wyczawski Hieronim Eugeniusz
Published: April 2020

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Typy źródeł kościelnych ważne w badaniach nad dziejami wsi w Polsce do połowy XIX w.
Authors: Płaza Stanisław
Published: April 2020

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Kancelarie kościelne w okresie staropolskim
Authors: Olczak Stanisław K.
Published: April 2020

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Katalog Archiwum Klasztoru Paulinów w Krakowie na Skałce
Authors: Zbudniewek Janusz
Published: April 2020

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"Kazania Świętokrzyskie" a Bożogrobcy
Authors: Skrzyniarz Ryszard
Published: April 2020

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A brief introduction to the COM-B Model of behaviour and the PRIME Theory of motivation
Authors: West Robert , Michie Susan
Published: April 2020

The COM-B model of behaviour is widely used to identify what needs to change in order for a behaviour change intervention to be effective. It identifies three factors that need to be present for any behaviour to occur: capability, opportunity and motivation. These factors interact over time so that behaviour can be seen as part of a dynamic system with positive and negative feedback loops. Motivation is a core part of the model and the PRIME Theory of motivation provides a framework for understanding how reflective thought processes (Planning and Evaluation processes) and emotional and habitual processes (Motive and Impulse/inhibition processes) interact at every moment leading to behaviour (Responses) at that moment.
盘州市刺梨白粉病发生情况及防治研究
Authors: 刘 永林
Published: April 2020

刺梨白粉病为刺梨的重要病害,近年在盘州市英武镇、盘江镇、断江镇、洒基镇、胜境街道办等乡(镇)刺梨基地危害严重,本文对贵州盘州市刺梨白粉病的发生情况进行了分析,探讨了目前在该病防止过程中存在的问题,提出对应的防治完善对策,希望对该地区该病虫害的防治提供一些指导性的意见。
与农业高度融合的现代信息技术的集成应用
Authors: 田 浩
Published: April 2020

随着现代信息技术的发展,各行业信息化都在逐步推进。自古以来,我们一直以精耕细作、自给自足的小农经济为主,这使得我们的生产方式相比国外发达国家要落后很多,如果不创新改革小农经济,那么我们终将落后于科技时代的步伐之中。本文从现代信息技术与农业的高度融合出发,论述了几个典型的现代农业信息技术,并重点介绍了农业信息技术与小麦育种、旱灾风险管理、节水灌溉的集成应用,通过进行案例分析,为我国农业现代化更好的发展提供宝贵的借鉴经验。
提高农业机械化水平促进农业可持续发展
Authors: 蒙 乃勇
Published: April 2020

随着我国社会主义现代化建设步伐的不断加快,各行各业都取得了骄人的成绩,农业是我国的支柱产业,也收到了满意的答卷,其中农业机械化水平对实现农业可持续发展有很大的帮助。如果农业机械化水平过低,就不利于实现农业的高效高产,因此农业机械化水平对促进农业可持续发展发挥着关键性的作用,本文就农业机械化水平在农业可持续发展中的意义及提高农业机械化水平的对策进行探讨,以供大家参考。
Prey availability influences the diet of Scinax fuscomarginatus in a Cerrado area, Central Brazil
Authors: Michelin G. , Ceron K. , Santana D. J.
Published: April 2020

Prey availability in an environment may change seasonally and these changes should be considered as determinant factors for the diets of anurans. Scinax species are generalist predators that feed on arthropods, but data concernning their diet in relation to prey availability are lacking. In this study, we describe the diet of Scinax fuscomarginatus by evaluating its possibly generalist diet related to prey availability in its environment. We studied the diet of Scinax fuscomarginatus by analysing the stomach contents of 48 individuals captured in the Campo Grande municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. We found eight prey categories, the most common and most representative being Hemiptera. The selectivity index of the two most important prey varied inversely between dry and wet seasons. Prey availability also varied between seasons. These results suggest a temporal pattern in prey composition and in the diet of Scinax fuscomarginatus.
Osteomielitis vertebral asociada a enfermedad por arañazo de gato. Reporte de caso
Authors: Gariazzo Uzziell , Rojo-García Danitza Adriana , Carballo Fernando , López Rubén
Published: April 2020

La osteomielitis asociada a enfermedad por arañazo de gato es una presentación atípica, poco frecuente en adultos, cuyo pronóstico es favorable con tratamiento de primera línea (rifampicina). Se presenta el caso de un varón de 27 años quien cursó con adenopatía axilar y fiebre posterior a lesión por arañazo de gato, agregándose después lumbalgia e hiperalgesia en dermatomas D10-D11. Recibió tratamiento de amplio espectro, incluyendo esquema de segunda línea (azitromicina y doxiciclina), presentando mejoría clínica. Se concluye la eficacia del tratamiento de segunda línea en el paciente, no presentando recaídas.
Prevalence, characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from fishes and shellfishes of coastal regions of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Md Manirul , Hossain Anwar , Mandal Shankar Chandra , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur , Mahmud Zahid Hayat
Published: April 2020

Occurrence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in fishes and shellfishes of coastal regions of Bangladesh was investigated. Fish and shellfish samples were collected from three coastal areas, namely Kuakata, Chittagong and Cox’s Bazar. Thirty five V. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from 33 finfish and 6 shellfish samples where all the isolates were tlh positive which was species specific gene and no isolate had possessed the virulence gene encoding tdh. Overall prevalence rate of V. parahaemolyticus in fish sample was 45.45%; having 18.75% from Kuakata, 22.22% from Chittagong and 62.5% from Cox’s Bazar. Fifty per cent shellfish were found to be positive for V. parahaemolyticus. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated strains was carried out against 11 antibiotics where the isolates were sensitive to the tested antibiotics except metronidazole (50 μg) and nalidixic acid (30 μg). Presence of this pathogenic organism in fish and shellfish could pose a serious threat to fish industry as well as human health hazard in Bangladesh.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 24(2): 121-129, 2015 (July)
Culture, reproduction and embryogenesis of wild zebrafish (Danio rerio) in laboratory condition
Authors: Rabbane Md Golam , Ahmed Md Feroz , Alam Mohammad Shamimul , Hossain Md Motaher
Published: April 2020

Zebrafish (Danio rerio: Hamilton, 1822) is a well-known model organism of biological research. Generally it is found in the fresh water ponds. However, the culture, breeding and embryonic development of wild D. rerio of Bangladesh is scarcely represented in the literature. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was conducted to study these aspects of local zebrafish. Water quality parameters for adult fish husbandry system were recorded. These were temperature (°C) 29.18 ± 1.53, pH 7.55 ± 0.144, TDS (ppm) 225 ± 11.136, (ORP) 48.93 ± 26.04, DO (ppm) 1.24 ± 0.591, conductivity (mS/cm) 0.450 ± 0.022, are resistivity (Mῼcm) 0.0026 ± 0.00049 for adult fish tanks. The parameters obtained from larvae rearing ranks were temperature (°C) 29.56 ± 0.777, pH 7.73 ± 0.421, TDS (ppm) 198.33 ± 39.627, (ORP) 51.37 ± 17.387, DO (ppm) 2.02 ± 0.694, conductivity (mS/cm) 0.397 ± 0.079, resistivity (MΩcm) 0.0026 ± 0.00044. After one month of rearing, adult male and female fishes were selected for natural breeding and spawning and obtained 87.5 ± 7.72% spawning success, 96.83±0.81% fertilization rate and 94.89 ± 0.27% hatching rate. The embryonic development for zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation and pharyngula periods were observed and obtained proper development for each state at 28.5ºC. The survival rate of hatchlings was 10 - 20% up to 20 days post fertilization. The higher spawning success, fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate indicate the possibility and potentiality of culturing zebrafish in laboratory conditions and could be established as a model animal for Bangladeshi researchers.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(2): 139-148, 2016 (July)
In vitro efficacy of fungicides and plant extracts on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. and Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. the causal organisms of anthracnose and soft rot of jute
Authors: Hosen Sarowar , Shamsi Shamim , Bashar MA
Published: April 2020

Abstract not available

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(2): 195-199, 2016 (July)
First record of the Bengal fiddler crab Uca (Austruca) bengali Crane, 1975 (Braychura: Ocypodidae) from Kuakata National Park, Bangladesh
Authors: Akash Muntasir , Chowdhury Gawsia Wahidunnessa
Published: April 2020

Abstract not available

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(2): 199-203, 2017 (July)
Relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents
Authors: Prativa Sanchary , Deeba Farah
Published: April 2020

This study aimed at examining the relationship between parenting styles and depression in adolescents. Convenient sampling was used to collect 100 adolescents (Mean age = 15.25 years, Sd = 0.90) from two colleges of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Parental Attitude Questionnaire (PAQ) was used to measure parenting styles and two other self-report measures, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) were used to assess depression in adolescents. From multiple regression analysis significant relationship was found between parenting style and adolescents’ depression measured by one self-rating scale. The overall regression model for investigating the relationship between parenting style and depression in adolescent was significant with HADS, (F = 3.77, p = 0.007) but not significant with SMFQ scores (F = 0.880, p = 0.454). For the dependent variable of depression measured by HADS, the strongest predictors were authoritative parenting style (β = –0.28, p = 0.03) and monthly income of the family which is also significant (β = 0.25, p = 0.01). Implications of the findings for child rearing and research are discussed.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 49-59, 2019 (January)
Phosphate sorption indices as affected by the calcareousness of soils
Authors: Yousuf Tasmeena Sultana , Hossain Mohammad Enayet , Afsar Mohammad Zafar , Osman Khan Towhid
Published: April 2020

An experiment was carried out to study the effects of calcareousness on phosphate sorption indices of soils using three representative calcareous soils, namely Sara (Aquic Eutrochrept), Gopalpur (Aquic Eutrochrept), and Ishurdi (Aeric Haplaquept) series of Bangladesh. Three non-calcareous soils, namely Belabo (Typic dystrudepts), Sonatala (Aeric Endoaquepts) and Ghatail (Aeric Haplaquept) series were also selected for comparison purposes. Phosphate sorption indices of soils were calculated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Isotherms were constructed taking one gram of air-dried sieved (< 2 mm) soil into a 50 ml centrifuge tube, and subsequently adding seven initial P concentrations, namely 0, 1, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 150 μg/ml to each centrifuge tube employing a soil/solution ratio of 1 : 20 (w/v). According to the Langmuir equation, the amount of phosphate sorbed followed the order: Sonatala > Ghatail > Sara = Gopalpur > Ishurdi > Belabo. The abundance of amorphous iron rather than the calcareousness was putatively responsible for the high phosphate sorption capacity of soils. Maximum phosphorus buffering capacity (MPBC) of the calcareous soils ranged from 33.4 - 62.8 l/kg. Langmuir and Freundlich equations produced different values for soil P requirements (SPR) at 0.2 and 1.0 mg P/l. Calcareous soils would require 27 - 44 mg P/kg soil to attain 0.2 mg P/l soil solution, which is deemed sufficient for crop growth. The soils would require 32 - 58 mg P/kg soil to reach 1.0 mg P/l soil solution, which is regarded to be safe for soils in terms of susceptibility to P losses. The calculated Langmuir constant b values were higher than the threshold value of 0.07 l/mg for two of the calcareous soils. Therefore, even though the non-calcareous soils sorbed more phosphate, higher bonding energy of P sorption for calcareous soils makes them less vulnerable to loss via surface runoff.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(1): 93-110, 2019 (January)
Effects of Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer and farmyard manure on the growth and yield of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Hossain Sonia , Akter Farjana
Published: April 2020

A pot experiment was carried out to assess the comparative effects of Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer and farmyard manure on the growth and yield components of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). The treatments were T0 (control), T1 (Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer 5 t/ha), T2 (Trichoderma-enriched biofertilizer 10 t/ha), T3 (Trichoderma- enriched biofertilizer 15 t/ha), T4 (Farmyard manure 5 t/ha), T5 (Farmyard manure 10 t/ha) and T6 (Farmyard manure 15 t/ha). The experiments were laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications of each treatment. Among the different treatments T3 showed best as much as twice more effective than farmyard manure in increasing growth and yield parameters (plant height, fruit length, fresh weight and dry weight of stem, leaf and fruit) of brinjal plants. Overall, all the treatments increased macronutrients and micronutrients content and uptake by brinjal plants over control. Analysis of post-harvest soil samples also revealed that all the parameters except pH were increased due to different treatments.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 1-8, 2020 (January)
Adaptation of the self-compassion scale for Bangladeshi culture
Authors: Habib Sumaiya , Naher Jamiun
Published: April 2020

Self-compassion is a raising construct in the field of positive psychology. Evidence supported that self-compassion is an important factor in increasing psychological well-being and reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression and rumination. In the present study, authors determined the psychometric properties of the Bangla version of Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study was carried out in a sample of 160 adults, ranging from 18 to 28 years old. Although the original scale has 26 items, in item-total correlation analysis it was found that 24 items in the questionnaire were significantly correlated with total items, the rest two items consumed negative/low correlation (below 0.30). So, these two items were excluded from the Bangla version and 24 items were selected for the final version of the SCS. The internal consistency of the SCS was computed by Cronbach’s Alpha which was 0.83 and the split-half coefficient of the scale was 0.84. Thus the results support the Bangla SCS is suitable for use in Bangladeshi culture.

Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(1): 37-44, 2020 (January)
Listerial contamination of raw beef and chevon in north-central Nigeria
Authors: Chuku Aleruchi , Obande Godwin Attah , Eya Sani Bashir
Published: April 2020

Background and objective: Listeria sp. is a ubiquitous and frequently isolated foodborne pathogen. The prevalence of Listeria sp in raw beef and chevon sold in Lafia Nigeria, as well as their antibiotic susceptibility profile was evaluated.

Methods: A total 104 samples comprising of 52 raw beef and 52 chevon were obtained from street vendors (hawkers), Shinge abattoir, Lafia old market and Lafia Modern Market. Isolation of Listeria sp. was performed on Listeria Selective Agar, following enrichment in supplemented Listeria Selective Broth. Identification of Listeria sp. was carried out by cultural and biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated L. monocytogenes was performed by standard disk diffusion method. Chi-square test was used to determine association between contamination levels at p=0.05.

Results: Seven types of Listeria sp. were isolated. L. monocytogenes and L. ivanovii were the most frequently isolated contaminants in all meat types and from all sample sources. L. monocytogenes was isolated with a frequency of 64.4% (67/104) in the meat samples. Beef samples had the highest listerial contamination with a frequency of 58.2% (78/134) compared to chevon which had a listerial frequency of 41.8% (56/134). Resistance of L. monocytogenes to streptomycin and sparfloxacin was 58.2% and 55.2% respectively. Resistance to ampicillin (34.3%) and gentamicin (20.9%) was also observed. Resistances to multiple antimicrobials were detected in 11 L. monocytogenes isolates.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the raw meat sold in Lafia was contaminated with several Listeria sp. L. monocytogenes showed high rate of resistance to several antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of listerial infection. Appropriate regulation and monitoring of livestock rearing and meat retailing practices are advocated to safeguard the health of consumers.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2019; 13(2): 1-8
Prevalence of hypothyroidism in different occupational groups of Bangladeshi population
Authors: Sayeed MA , Mohsena Masuda , Haq Tahniyah , Morshed AHG , Afroz Sadya , Tomalika Nehlin , Momtaz Hasina , Rahaman M Mostafizur
Published: April 2020

Background and aims: Hypothyroidism is a common global endocrine disorder. The magnitude of hypothyroidism at community level in Bangladesh is unknown except some clinic-based studies. The present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in different occupational groups of Bangladeshi population and to assess the risks related to it.

Study design: Three occupational groups (house-wives, college students, rickshaw-pullers) of native Bangladeshi population were purposively selected. Investigations included socio-demography, anthropometry, blood pressure and biochemistry [fasting blood glucose, lipids, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxin (FT4)]. Laboratory tests were done only on a randomized sample of participants.

Results: Overall, 626 (M/F=123 / 503) participants with a mean age of 35.9 (34.75 – 37.02) years volunteered. The mean values of all participant for TSH and FT4 were 2.08 (95%CI: 1.72 – 2.45) μiu/ml and 13.04 (95CI:12.86 – 13.22) pmol/L respectively. The third percentile of TSH ranged from 0.42 to 0.46 μiu/ml and 97th percentile ranged from 5.16 to 5.24 μiu/ml. For FT4, the 3rd and the 97th percentile were 10.3 and 16.41 pmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in both sexes was 7.0% (M/F=4.1/8.3%). Occupational groups, sex and increasing age, obesity, blood pressure, and lipids showed no association with hypothyroidism. Hyperglycemia was proved to be a significant risk for hypothyroidism (prevalence in diabetic vs. non-diabetic was12.9% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.04; FBG was correlated with TSH, r = 0.138, p <0.001).

Conclusions: It is concluded that the prevalence of hypothyroidism was almost equal to other studies. Hypothyroidism was not related to increasing age, obesity, blood pressure and lipids. It was found to affect all sexes, all social classes and all occupational groups. Hyperglycemia was evidently found as significant risk for hypothyroidism.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2019; 13(2): 9-17
Vitamin D status of healthy coastal fishermen of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Wasim Md Mohosin Ul , Pathan Md Faruque , Sayeed MA
Published: April 2020

Background and objectives: Vitamin D deficiency is now a global concern. Industrialization, urbanization and the decreasing participation in outdoor activities, with consequent sunlight deprivation, are thought to be the key factors in the increasing prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among general population of many countries. It is presumed that healthy, adequately sun-exposed people should maintain adequate vitamin D levels. However, studies within this population are scarce. Hence, this study was conducted to find out the actual vitamin D status in healthy, adequately sun-exposed population living in coastal district of Bangladesh.

Material and Methods: One hundred and forty healthy fishermen living in costal district of Cox’s Bazar (210 25' North, 910 59' East) of Bangladesh were enrolled in this study. Relevant data and blood samples were collected during August 2018, one of the months with lower zenith angle and higher UV index. Chemiluminescent micro-particle immunoassay (CMIA) was used to measure 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. Other relevant biochemical parameters measured were random blood glucose (RBG), serum creatinine, albumin, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH).

Results: Mean vitamin D level of the study population was 27.04±7.20 ng/ml. Based on the cut off value of Endocrine Society, 70.7% of the study population had low vitamin D levels of which 26 (18.6%) and 73 (52.1%) were in vitamin D deficient (<20ng/ml) and insufficient (20 – 29.99 ng/ml) categories respectively. Vitamin D level was normal in 41 (29.3%) subjects. There was no significant difference in iPTH level between groups with low and normal vitamin D levels (p>.05, 95%CI= -5.68226, 1.21086).

Conclusion: The unexpectedly high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this healthy and adequately sun-exposed population raises the question regarding the validity of the current cutoff value being used to assess the vitamin D status of Bangladeshi population. Future studies should be carried out to determine nation-specific, local cutoff values for vitamin D sufficiency.

Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2019; 13(2): 35-39
Larvicidal Efficacies of Four Indigenous Plant Extracts Against Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Bachchu Md Adnan Al , Ara Kismot , Uddin Md Nizam , Ara Roushan
Published: April 2020

An investigation was carried out on the larvicidal efficacy of four indigenous plant extracts against the 6th instar larvae of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) during the period of February to July 2016. The result revealed that all the four plant extracts were effective in checking insect infestation and had different toxic effects against the 6th instar larvae of red flour beetle. Average mortality indicated that castor plant extract showed the highest toxic effect (average mortality 57.78%) whereas the lowest toxicity (average mortality 27.46%) was found in the neem leaf extracts. The larval mortality significantly differed among all the concentrations of the plant extracts applied and the highest mortality (60.75%) was recorded in maximum concentration (10.61 mg/cm2) of the plant extract. No larval mortality was observed in untreated control up to 72 HATs. Mortality percentage was also observed directly proportional to the level of concentrations of plant extracts and to the exposure period. Probit analysis of larval mortality also revealed that the castor plant extract showed the highest toxicity at different time interval among all the plant extracts applied.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 223-232, December 2017
Russell’s Viper (Daboia Russelii) in Bangladesh: Its Boom and Threat to Human Life
Authors: Ahsan Md Farid , Saeed Md Abu
Published: April 2020

The occurrence of Russell’s viper (Daboia russelii Shaw and Nodder 1797) in Bangladesh is century old information and its rarity was known to the wildlife biologists till 2013 but its recent booming is also causing a major threat to human life in the area. Recently it has been reported from nine districts (Dinajpur, Chapai Nawabganj, Rajshahi, Naogaon, Natore, Pabna, Rajbari, Chuadanga and Patuakhali) and old records revealed 11 districts (Nilphamari, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Chapai Nawabganj, Rajshahi, Bogra, Jessore, Satkhira, Khulna, Bagerhat and Chittagong). Thus altogether 17 out of 64 districts in Bangladesh, of which Chapai Nawabganj and Rajshahi are most affected and 20 people died due to Russell’s viper bite during 2013 to 2016. Its past and present distribution in Bangladesh and death toll of its bites have been discussed. Its booming causes have also been predicted and precautions have been recommended. Research on Russell’s viper is deemed necessary due to reemergence in deadly manner.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 15-22, June 2018