bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stitching together: Ethical dimensions and innovative approaches to participatory textile making
Authors: Shercliff Emma , Twigger Holroyd Amy
Published: January 2021

This article, written by the coordinators of the Stitching Together network, introduces a diverse range of case studies that critically discuss participatory textile making activities, complementing a first collection of case studies that was provided in the previous volume of this journal. Drawing on a recent network event and the case studies included in this issue, the article outlines a number of ethical dimensions that arise in participatory textile making activities: first, the challenge of inclusivity; second, the vulnerabilities that arise when space is made for shared learning; third, the issue of communication between facilitators, participants and partners in collaborative projects; and fourth, the ways in which projects and participants are (re)presented in research findings. The theme of innovation is also discussed, with a focus on the participant experience. Looking to the future, the need for further collaborative interrogation of the complex questions raised through participatory textile work is highlighted. A good practice document, created with the input of network members, is highlighted as a potentially useful foundation for continued critical discussion.
Presencia del clero español y latinoamericano en redes sociales
Authors: Fandos Igado Manuel
Published: January 2021

Partiendo de una muestra total de 1266 cuestionarios, (556 sacerdotes españoles y 710 latinoamericanos) se plantea un estudio comparativo con objeto de identificar la presencia del clero en Redes Sociales, así como el uso de las mismas en su actividad ministerial. Queda acreditado que disponen de medios suficientes y, a pesar de que el Magisterio de la Iglesia católica propone que este espacio sea explorado como lugar y medio de evangelización, su actividad es limitada e insuficiente y se centra en redes cada vez menos frecuentadas por los jóvenes y adolescentes. El trabajo muestra no solo algunas deficiencias en este sentido, sino que abre las puertas a futuras investigaciones tendentes a determinar la importancia de esta realidad y sus usos en la desafección que se intuye en muchos jóvenes y adolescentes con el mensaje y el compromiso cristiano; y, llegado el caso, profundizar en modelos de comunicación, estrategias de acompañamiento, estructuras lingüísticas, tipos de lenguaje y vocabulario y hasta replanteamientos teológicos que merecerían revisarse para hacer presente y significativo el mensaje cristiano en los nuevos espacios de socialización juvenil.
Sobre la imposición del sistema de género y la transfobia: historias de niñxs creativxs con el género y jóvenes trans*
Authors: Gallardo Nieto Elena Maria , Espinosa Spínola Maria
Published: January 2021

La situación de niñxs, adolescentes y jóvenes con expresiones o identidades de género no tradicionales comporta un problema social dentro de entornos educativos debido a la alta presencia de casos de transfobia dentro de escuelas e institutos en España. A partir de entrevistas, redacciones, líneas de vida y mapas corporales de niñxs creativos con el género y jóvenes trans* andaluces, en este artículo identificamos formas de violencias que son claves para entender la raíz socio-cultural de la violencia transfóbica. Además, profundizamos en las formas de contestación y transformación social y política que niñxs y jóvenes desarrollan para resistir al sistema de sexo y género.
Presentación. 1820-1823. Nuevas miradas sobre la primera revolución europea del siglo XIX
Authors: Carantoña Álvarez Francisco
Published: January 2021

Presentación. 1820-1823. Nuevas miradas sobre la primera revolución europea del siglo XIX.
La historiografía sobre el Trienio Liberal: entre el estigma del fracaso y el enfoque militante
Authors: Carantoña Álvarez Francisco
Published: January 2021

La revolución de 1820 desató la primera gran crisis en el sistema de la Restauración europea sin que se hubiesen cumplido cinco años desde el final del Congreso de Viena. Los tres que transcurrieron hasta la invasión francesa de España en 1823 fueron decisivos para la culminación de la independencia de Latinoamérica. La importancia de este primer ciclo revolucionario del siglo XIX es indiscutible, pero su carácter periférico en Europa y su derrota en España, Italia y Portugal provocaron que la historiografía le prestase menos atención de la que merecía. La historiografía española se dividió en dos tendencias militantes: la conservadora utilizó el proceso para combatir las corrientes democráticas en el siglo XIX y lo convirtió en paradigma de inestabilidad política, sectarismo radical y fragmentación del liberalismo. Ello demostraría, de paso, la inviabilidad de la Constitución de 1812. Por su parte, la tendencia liberal progresista, que lo reivindicó en ocasiones de manera crítica, fue mucho menos influyente. Esas formas contrapuestas de analizar el Trienio Liberal español llegaron hasta el siglo XX y hacen necesarios nuevos enfoques para su estudio.
Napoli e Torino, due rivoluzioni sull’esempio di Cadice
Authors: Scotti Douglas Vittorio
Published: January 2021

Dopo una breve introduzione sui secolari rapporti tra Spagna e Italia, il saggio presenta un esame sommario della Costituzione di Cadice e si sofferma poi sulla situazione italiana agli inizi della Restaurazione, analizzando in dettaglio e in profondità il caso del Regno delle Due Sicilie e del Regno di Sardegna dal punto di vista politico e sociale, spiegando come la Costituzione di Cadice fosse divenuta la parola d’ordine del movimento patriottico italiano. Il testo continua indicando come l’insurrezione costituzionale spagnola del 1820 abbia costituito il detonatore della rivoluzione di Napoli dello stesso anno, e mette in luce le reazioni della società napoletana al nuovo regime politico, soffermandosi sul dibattito culturale e politico che si svolse sulla stampa. Si passa poi alla rivoluzione piemontese, mettendo nuovamente in risalto come l’insieme dei patrioti decidesse di adottare la Costituzione di Cadice dopo molte accese discussioni, e come infine la rivoluzione fallisse da un lato per la condotta pusillanime del Principe Reggente Carlo Alberto, dall’altro per la sostanziale apatia e indifferenza delle classi popolari, che non scorgevano alcun possibile vantaggio materiale immediato in un nuovo sistema politico. Infine l’Autore, che vuole qui sottolineare l’impiego di una bibliografia basata essenzialmente su fonti contemporanee e di testimoni oculari, conclude l’opera tracciando un parallelo tra patrioti spagnoli e italiani, uniti nel comune destino della lotta per la libertà e l’indipendenza.
La Santa Alianza de los pueblos: liberales franceses y españoles en el Trienio Liberal
Authors: Dufour Gérard
Published: January 2021

En 1820, los liberales franceses acogieron con entusiasmo la aceptación de la Constitución por parte de Fernando VII y ensalzaron a Quiroga y a Riego masivamente. Desde el primer momento, emprendieron una inmensa labor de divulgación de la carta magna, traducida al francés, y de textos relacionados con la misma. Varios autores resaltaron el carácter universal de la Constitución española. Otros propusieron mejoras. La intensa vigilancia ejercida por la policía francesa respecto a los contactos entre liberales de ambos países prueba sobradamente la existencia de tales relaciones. Sin embargo, la gran desilusión de los constitucionalistas tuvo su origen en el ejército galo, que se mostró mucho menos adicto a la causa de la libertad de lo que esperaban. Los liberales franceses no pudieron impedir la intervención militar de 1823. Tuvieron que soportar el triunfo de los serviles y lo único que pudieron hacer fue rendir a Riego el culto que se merecía como mártir de la revolución.
El camino de la liberación. Asociacionismo femenino y culturas obreras en la Segunda República (1931-1936).
Authors: Aguado Higón Ana María , Sanfeliu Gimeno Luz
Published: January 2021

El presente texto reflexiona sobre algunas experiencias asociativas de las mujeres de distintas organizaciones femeninas de izquierda durante la Segunda República española (1931-1936). A través de ellas, las mujeres aumentaron su presencia pública en este período, sus vinculaciones y su compromiso, a través de múltiples acciones y propuestas. Pero a la vez, estas experiencias incrementaron el contacto y la interacción entre ellas, posibilitando su reconocimiento mutuo, su “apoyo mutuo”, y con él, el desarrollo de su conciencia y de su identidad como mujeres, como socialistas y como trabajadoras. En otras palabras, su identidad como “compañeras”, y su sociabilidad asociativa como “camino de la liberación” social y de género, en ocasiones en pugna con sus propios compañeros.
Concejalas en Córdoba (1979-2019): un ejemplo de la creciente presencia femenina en los ayuntamientos de la democracia
Authors: Ramos Rovi María José
Published: January 2021

Los ayuntamientos han sido los grandes olvidados a la hora del reconocimiento de la inmensa contribución a la normalidad institucional y democrática de nuestro país. El papel fundamental de la institución municipal como elemento dinamizador y de una ciudadanía activa se puede ver en la ciudad de Córdoba. Con respecto al papel de las mujeres en el seno del cabildo cordobés, este trabajo ha retratado el continuo incremento de su presencia física, que se ve superado por mucho con el incremento del poder que las mujeres acumularán a través de los cargos políticos que van a ir ocupando. Incremento de «peso específico» que tendrá su culmen en la figura de las alcaldesas Rosa Aguilar e Isabel Ambrosio.
Posmemoria en la juventud chilena contemporánea. Pensar y habitar la postdictadura (1990-2019)
Authors: Trincado Pizarro Joaquín Antonio
Published: January 2021

Este artículo propone una caracterización de las formas en que la generación postdictadura (nacida al final o después de la dictadura) en Chile se relacionó con el pasado reciente del país. Estas formas tienen que ver con la transmisión del trauma y memoria de la represión, así como con los efectos sociales en los jóvenes del sistema económico y político legado por la dictadura. Se presenta una síntesis de fuentes primarias (entrevistas, prensa, literatura y encuestas) y secundarias para plantear la necesidad de considerar la relevancia de la posmemoria en la politización de una parte de esta generación. En última instancia se llama la atención sobre la relevancia social de la posmemoria, más allá de los estudios de transmisión directa a la segunda o tercera generación de víctimas.
El fin de una era. El reconocimiento de Finlandia por Chile (1917-1919)
Authors: Garay Vera Cristian Eduardo , Colletti Montilla Franklim Jose
Published: January 2021

El establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas entre Chile y Finlandia en 1918 fue producto del colapso del Imperio Ruso y el amanecer de la era Bolchevique. En el contexto de la Guerra Civil Rusa, Finlandia fue reconocida por las partes antagonistas de la I Guerra Mundial, y Chile se unió a las consideraciones de las potencias occidentales que veían la escisión de Finlandia como una oportunidad en lo económico y político. En este artículo se singulariza el papel de Agustín Edwards McClure, entonces embajador de Chile en Londres, en el momento en que también se empiezan a discutir las bases de la Liga de las Naciones y el nuevo elenco de naciones surgidas a partir del principio de autodeterminación de los pueblos, como era el caso finlandés.
Más allá del antifascismo… preguntas en torno a la «normalización» del campo de estudios sobre el antiperonismo en Argentina
Authors: Ferreyra Silvana Gabriela
Published: January 2021

Las interpretaciones que vinculan el régimen peronista con experiencias fascistas y autoritarias han circulado con cierto éxito en España. La lectura del antiperonismo como variante del antifascismo es uno de los canales que ha nutrido esta tesis. A la luz de los últimos debates de la historiografía argentina en torno al peronismo, hemos organizado una serie de diálogos que buscan brindar una mirada más compleja sobre el antiperonismo. En concreto, se trata de un estado del arte sobre los últimos avances del campo. En estos diálogos una pregunta organizó nuestras intervenciones ¿podemos pensar en una «normalización» de los estudios sobre el antiperonismo equivalente a la que se ha postulado para los estudios sobre el primer peronismo? Hemos organizado los trabajos analizados en tres ejes: ruptura-continuidad con los años treinta; fronteras porosas o límites inexpugnables para analizar las identidades; homogeneidad– heterogeneidad en cada bloque.
Evaluator effect on the ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous fat deposition and loin eye area from weaning to slaughter lambs
Authors: Vargas Junior Fernando Miranda de , Fernandes Tatiane , Matos Alexsander Toniazzo de , Fernandes Alexandre Rodrigo Mendes , Alves Luis Gustavo Castro , Rossatti Julianna Andrade , Britez Gustavo Daniel Vega , Zagonel Natássia Gabriela Targanski
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim: Ultrasound is a non-invasive technique that enables animal evaluation and body condition classification of animals. Although it is not difficult to obtain an image, the analysis of this image can influence results quality. This study aimed to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of the technician trained in image interpretation obtained using different ultrasound frequencies.

Materials and Methods: Ninety-six lambs were used, ranging in weight from 15 to 40 kg. The images were captured using a linear probe of 13 cm, with a 3.5 megahertz (MHz) frequency and an acoustic couplant aid "standoff" or using a multifrequency transducer (6 and 8 MHz), on B mode, with a linear probe and 8.0 MHz frequency. All measurements were performed by the same technician, on the left side, between the 12th and 13th rib. Five different evaluators, at two different times, with aid of Image J software measured the loin eye area (LEA; only for images obtained with 3.5 MHz), Longissimus thoracis et lumborum depth (DLM), subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), subcutaneous fat thickness plus skin (SFST), and skin thickness (ST).

Results: For LEA, DLM, SFT, SFST, and ST, variation was observed (p<0.01) between evaluators; however, there was no difference (p>0.05) between the 2 times of evaluation. Images measurements obtained with a frequency of 8.0 MHz had better repeatability indices and reproducibility indices. Accordingly, the identity test demonstrated that measurements performed on images obtained using 3.5 or 8.0 MHz were not equivalent.

Conclusion: Ultrasound image measurements obtained using an 8.0 MHz frequency were more accurate and precise. It is important to use only one evaluator or providing the simultaneous training for all evaluators.
Impact of communication skills and risk taking on employee entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Safdar Mehjabeen , Urooj Ayesha Iqbal, Iqra
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out the Impact of two independent variable communication skills and risk taking on dependent variables namely employee entrepreneurial orientation. The data collected from EFU Hemayah Takaful Company of Pakistan. A sample of 101 employees were included in the study. The data was collected through online questionnaires. A structured questionnaire was developed using the past literature as the bases.
Crisis económicas: un problema constitucional
Authors: Azpitarte Miguel
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo analiza la reacción de la Unión Europea ante la crisis económica provocada por la COVID. Para entender la relevancia constitucional de las medidas adoptadas, se comienza recordando el problema político que implican las asimetrías económicas. Desde ese punto de partida se estudia el papel que ha jugado la integración europea en la resolución de este tipo de problema. En este contexto se analiza primero la respuesta que se creó en la crisis de 2008 y la que se ha puesto en marcha en la crisis de 2020. En ambos casos se ha dado lugar a una serie de medidas que suponen una sustancial transformación de los principios político-constitucionales que organizan la gobernanza económica en la Unión. Se termina con una reflexión sobre las dificultades de abordar análisis de lege ferenda en el campo del derecho constitucional de la Unión.
La revisión judicial de las medidas limitativas de derechos en el marco de la COVID-19
Authors: Alonso Timón Antonio Jesús
Published: January 2021

La revisión judicial de las decisiones adoptadas por las autoridades sanitarias con el objetivo de luchar contra la pandemia de la COVID-19 cobran una relevancia notable desde el punto de vista de la protección de los derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos y del respeto a principios nucleares del Estado de Derecho como es la separación de poderes. El examen de legalidad y de proporcionalidad que los tribunales están obligados a realizar supone una garantía frente a las tentaciones autoritarias. Quizás por eso, para salvar estos controles jurisdiccionales, se haya optado por la aplicación de unas herramientas de excepcionalidad constitucional que minoran los derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos con un control judicial mucho más debilitado. ¿Se entiende de qué va este juego?
El impacto de la COVID-19 sobre la responsabilidad de los administradores
Authors: García Casas Miguel
Published: January 2021

Este artículo analiza el potencial impacto de la COVID-19 sobre las acciones de responsabilidad contra los administradores y, en concreto, la responsabilidad por incumplimiento del deber de previsión.
Penggunaan Heparin Dosis Tinggi pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan ARDS dan Hipertensi di Unit Perawatan Intensif (ICU)
Authors: Nugroho Taufik Eko , Mochamat Mochamat , Famila Famila
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), pertama kali dilaporkan pada bulan Desember 2019 di Cina, merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 yang menyebar lebih cepat pada populasi manusia dan dalam waktu singkat berkembang menjadi pandemi di seluruh dunia. Sebagian besar kasus yang berujung pada kematian dilaporkan terkomplikasi dengan koagulopati dan disseminated intravascular cogulation (DIC).Kasus: Seorang laki-laki terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19 berusia 50 tahun dengan sesak, batuk dan demam dan komorbiditas hipertensi dirujuk ke intensive care unit (ICU), selama di ICU pasien mendapat terapi heparin dengan dosis terapi dengan melihat kadar aPTT. Setelah perawatan intensif selama 14 hari, pasien mengalami perbaikan yang signifikan.Pembahasan: Pasien dengan infeksi COVID-19 yang progresif dan parah dengan acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) seringkali ditemukan dengan kadar D-dimer dan fibrinogen yang sangat tinggi, yang berujung pada keadaan hiperkoagulasi. Penggunaan antikoagulan untuk pasien dengan COVID-19 yang parah telah. Banyak institusi telah menerapkan penggunaan antikoagulan dosis penuh secara empiris berdasarkan risiko venous thrombo embolism (VTE) dan insiden rendah perdarahan (3-5%).Kesimpulan: Penggunaan antikoagulan, khususnya unfractionatedheparin (UFH) dengan dosis lebih tinggi, direkomendasikan untuk pasien dengan COVID-19 yang parah, meskipun belum ada panduan yang mutlak.
Aktywizowanie społeczności lokalnej (przesłanki teoretyczne i przykłady dobrych praktyk „odradzania się” idei aktywnego sąsiedztwa)
Authors: Słupska Kamila
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the issue of activating the local community, including its conditions and manifestations, and putting strong emphasis on the category of community potential, which is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon, contributing to changes in various areas of social life. Particular attention was paid to neighbourhood activity and its stimulation, including related initiatives, the importance of which was highlighted, while selected examples of good practices, implemented both within projects, organised campaigns, as well as spontaneous individual actions were brought up.
Activating the local community (theoretical grounds and examples of good practices of the revival of the idea of active neighbourhood)
Authors: Słupska Kamila
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the issue of activating the local community, including its conditions and manifestations, and putting strong emphasis on the category of community potential, which is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon, contributing to changes in various areas of social life. Particular attention was paid to neighbourhood activity and its stimulation, including related initiatives, the importance of which was highlighted, while selected examples of good practices, implemented both within projects, organised campaigns, as well as spontaneous individual actions were brought up.
Aspiracje migracyjne młodzieży akademickiej
Authors: Kozielska Joanna
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this article is to identify student migration plans. The presented data are included in the optics of comparing the migration aspirations of medical students and pedagogy (N = 289). The research sample of the entire project in quantitative analysis numbered 604 people, and it was students of Poznan universities: Adam Mickiewicz University; Poznan University of Technology; Medical University; Economic University; University of Arts in Poznań. External migrations of „white staff” are an important topic, for example, in public debates due to the wide context of consequences that may occur in an abandoned country, which is why this group was chosen as a reference group in relation to the group constituted by pedagogy students.
Between us, neighbours… Stranger, foreigner – students’ attitude towards Ukrainian citizens
Authors: Guzy-Steinke Halina
Published: January 2021

The article presents a part of research on the students’ attitude towards foreigners, in particular Ukrainian citizens. In Poland it is currently the largest group of foreigners, as well as the largest group of foreign students studying at Polish universities. The text contains references to the sociological concept of “foreign”, especially to G. Simmel’s, and also to the category of “stereotype”, which is usually associated with the perception of different nationalities. The presented fragment of research compares the attitude of students to the stereotype of a Ukrainian, which has been acknowledged and consolidated in Poland over the years of common history. Respondents also rated functioning of Ukrainian acquaintances at the university and in the dorm. Respondents in their opinion claim that the group of Ukrainians is large, but it is almost invisible at the university. This is due to the low access of foreigners to student life and isolation among “their own”. The attitude of Polish youth is certainly significant for this type of behavior. Polish students, despite declarations, do not make enough effort to get to know and maintain closer contacts with colleagues from Ukraine.
Czy w ciągu 15 lat wzrosła akceptacja demokratycznych zasad równości i wolności? – analiza porównawcza postaw studentów
Authors: Czerniawska Mirosława
Published: January 2021

The publication deals with the description of attitudes towards the democratic principles of equality and freedom among students. The survey was conducted four times in five-year time intervals (2003, 2008, 2013, 2018). Samples had 325, 379, 368, and 371 respondents respectively. The author speculated that the advancement of the transformation is accompanied by growth of the acceptance of pro-democratic attitudes among students, namely the wider acceptance of the principles of equality and freedom. The attitudes were diagnosed using nine pairs of statements (these include both original statements and statements adopted from literature). The hypothesis was not confirmed. The acceptance of the principles of equality and freedom has not increased in consecutive surveys and for many statements the acceptance has decreased.
Bolivia’s Double Pandemic
Authors: Gustafson Bret
Published: January 2021

The November 2019 ouster of President Evo Morales, followed by the interim government’s harsh crackdown on his supporters, plunged Bolivia into a political crisis just as the COVID-19 pandemic arrived with devastating effect. The interim government’s haphazard response was marred by corruption scandals over procurement of medical supplies. After several delays, a general election was finally held in October 2019. Luis Arce, the presidential candidate of Morales’s Movement Toward Socialism, won decisively. But Morales’s subsequent return from exile signaled that the struggle over his legacy would continue.
Does the China Trade Pay for Latin America?
Authors: Ferchen Matt
Published: January 2021

Two new books about the China–Latin America relationship reach different conclusions about the implications of growing trade ties for Latin American development. One author argues that countries in the region have had varying success in taking advantage of opportunities created by increasing Chinese engagement, while the other sees old patterns of dependency in the exchange of raw commodities for Chinese manufactured goods.
Fire-resistance, physical, and mechanical characterization of binderless rice straw particleboards
Authors: Ferrandez-Garcia Cristina C. , Garcia-Ortuño Teresa , Ferrandez-Garcia Maria T. , Ferrandez-Villena Manuel , Ferrandez-Garcia Clara E.
Published: January 2021

Binderless rice straw particleboards were successfully manufactured by hot pressing at low temperatures (110 °C) while under pressure (2.6 MPa) using a three-step process. Two particle sizes were used: 0.25 to 1.00 mm and 0.00 to 0.25 mm. Three pressing times (15 min, 30 min, and 60 min) were studied. Eighteen types of boards were made. The physical and mechanical properties were assessed in accordance with the European Standards for wood-based particleboards, namely density, thickness swelling, water absorption, thermal conductivity, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding strength, and reaction to fire. Two panels exceeded the requirements for general uses. The panels had a low thermal conductivity (0.076 W/mK to 0.091 W/mK). The panels were classified in the same class as the fire retardants (class Bd0, according to EN ISO 11925-2:2002).
Problematics of Creative Accounting and Earnings Management in the Context of the Development of Accounting Theories
Authors: Bachtijeva Diana
Published: January 2021

The beginnings of accounting can be found even in the 14st century, when trade transactions began to be recorded in the books of account. To this day, accounting has evolved at certain stages, depending on goals were set for the accounting for that period. In the article after concluding the analysis of scientific sources the following are presented: the stages of accounting development, which were influenced not only by different Anglo-Saxon, Germanic and Latin accounting systems, but also by economic and political factors; the influence of accounting on the development of accounting theories is revealed. The concept of positive accounting theory, assumptions for manipulating accounting and the concept and application methods of earnings management and creative accounting are presented. Based on the research, a model of multi-paradigm approach is presented, in which the methodologies of normative and positive accounting theory can be fully applied. The proposed complexity of methodologies can help to solve not only the problems of creative accounting and earnings management, but also other problems of the 21st century. accounting issues.
Pembentukan Pengadilan Agraria dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Pertanahan Di Indonesia
Authors: Saraswati Cindy Nabila , Winanti Atik
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe background of this research is due to the high number of land disputes in Indonesia that have not been resolved by the District Courts and State Administrative Courts. Land dispute cases that have not been resolved and are still in the process of being resolved result in the absence of legal certainty and expediency to the disputing parties over the status of the disputed land.This journal writing focuses on the role of the District Courts and State Administrative Courts in resolving land disputes in Indonesia and the urgency of establishing a special agrarian court to realize legal certainty and benefits.The research method used in writing this journal is juridical normative through a conceptual approach and a statutory approach. The results of this research is that the District Courts and State Administrative Courts have not been able to resolve existing land disputes optimally, this can be seen from the very high percentage of land disputes and it is necessary to establish an Agrarian Court as a Special Court that will resolve land disputes in Indonesia, a judgement issued by a Agrarian Court will provide more legal certainty and expediency to the disputing parties.Keyword: Agrarian Court, Special Court, Land Disputes, Legal Certainty, Expediency. AbstrakLatar belakang dilakukannya penelitian ini dikarenakan tingginya angka sengketa pertanahan di Indonesia yang belum terselesaikan oleh Pengadilan Negeri dan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara.  Kasus sengketa pertanahan yang belum terselesaikan dan masih dalam proses penyelesaian mengakibatkan tidak adanya kepastian hukum dan kemanfaatan hukum kepada para pihak yang bersengketa atas status tanah yang dipersengketakan. Penulisan jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Pengadilan Negeri dan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) dalam mengatasi sengketa pertanahan di Indonesia dan urgensi pembentukan pengadilan khusus agraria untuk mewujudkan kepastian dan kemanfaatan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan jurnal ini adalah yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa Pegadilan Tata Usaha Negara dan Pengadilan Negeri belum bisa menyelesaikan sengketa pertanahan yang ada secara optimal  hal ini terlihat dari presentase angka sengketa pertanahan masih sangat tinggi, dan diperlukan adanya pembentukan Pengadilan Agraria sebagai Pengadilan Khusus yang akan menyelesaikan sengketa pertanahan di Indonesia, putusan yang dikeluarkan oleh pengadilan khusus pertanahan akan lebih memberi kepastian hukum dan kemanfaatkan hukum kepada pihak yang bersengketa.Kata kunci: Pengadilan Agraria, Pengadilan Khusus, Sengketa Pertanahan, Kepastian Hukum, Kemanfaatan Hukum.
Surface passivation of germanium by atomic layer deposited Al2O3 nanolayers
Authors: Berghuis Wilhelmus J. H. , Melskens Jimmy , Macco Bart , Theeuwes Roel J. , Verheijen Marcel A. , Kessels Wilhelmus M. M.
Published: January 2021

Surfaces of semiconductors are notorious for the presence of electronic defects such that passivation approaches are required for optimal performance of (opto)electronic devices. For Ge, thin films of Al2O3 prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) can induce surface passivation; however, no extensive study on the effect of the Al2O3 process parameters has been reported. In this work we have investigated the influence of the Al2O3 thickness (1–44 nm), substrate temperature (50–350 °C), and post-deposition anneal (in N2, up to 600 °C). We demonstrated that an effective surface recombination velocity as low as 170 cm s−1 can be achieved. The role of the GeOx interlayer as well as the presence of interface charges was addressed and a fixed charge density $${Q}_{\mathrm{f}}=$$

Q
f

=

−(1.8 ± 0.5) × 1012 cm−2 has been found. The similarities and differences between the passivation of Ge and Si surfaces by ALD Al2O3 prepared under the same conditions are discussed.

Graphic Abstract
PRINSIP ISLAM DALAM MELINDUNGI HAK MINORITAS
Authors: Novianti Linda
Published: January 2021

This study aims to encourage the creation of a sense of security and peace for religious minorities in carrying out their obligations as religious communities. This study shows that minority rights are one of the most difficult problems faced by Muslims in today's context. In fact, minority rights have been regulated in the Al-Quran and were directly practiced by the Prophet Muhammad when leading Medina and confirmed in the form of the constitution of Medina. This study uses a qualitative normative approach. The results of this study conclude that Islam as a religion that teaches its people that plurality and plurality are sunatullah which need not be questioned as long as they do not contradict the principles of faith and human rights. Then Islam observes that the protection of minority rights is the prevention of economic, social, cultural, political and legal discrimination with the aim of equalizing positions without imposing boundaries based on differences from one another.
SPIRIT KEILMUAN WAHYU MEMANDU ILMU DALAM PENGEMBANGAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Najmudin Deden
Published: January 2021

In the development of Islamic law that covers all aspects of people's lives, both in the hereafter problem with all its problems, as well as world problems with all these problems require a new paradigm of scientific mindset. The more advanced development of science and technology also influences the progress of social life, culture, politics, economics and others. So the authors take up this theme using descriptive and comparative methods, and the type of data used in this study is qualitative data. Islamic law requires a new paradigm of mindset and renewal of the views of a problem, especially in everyday life or we can call it contemporary fiqh. The paradigm of the new paradigm becomes more severe, due to contemporary problems, even more complicated when seen from the perspective of fiqh. However, the tradition of the fuqaha used to guide the dynamics of life in his day, so that in this day and age we can imitate the ulama fuqaha by at least contributing to the development of science and understanding, with various kinds of problems in society in accordance with the times, so that the problems of religious life the people are always guided. This paper will raise the opportunity given by Islamic law itself to its people to always criticize it, which allows the emergence of new paradigms along with the emergence of new problems in society.
WUJUD ISLAM RAHMATAN LIL ÂLAMIN DALAM KEHIDUPAN BERBANGSA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Jamaluddin Muhammad Nur
Published: January 2021

The realization of Islam Rahmatan Lil'alamin both in the world in general and in Indonesia in particular is facing problems such as violence, extremism, radicalism, and terrorism on behalf of Islamic religion. This research is a literature study that discusses the concept of Islam Rahmatan Lil'alamin with a comprehensive and holistic is important in the midst of the strengthening of discourse and action between the Islamic movements in Indonesian nationality. Rahmatan Lil'alamin as an embodiment of Islamic ideals in nationality can be acctualized by 3 (three) ways, namely: (1) have extensive knowledge and understand the development of technology and science; (2) Not the emotion in Bergama; and (3) be careful in every speech, deed, and action.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA
Authors: Puanandini Dewi Asri
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the problems of law enforcement against human trafficking against Indonesian migrant workers. This research was conducted on legal issues from the normative side based on the rule of law in legislation and norms. This study uses a normative juridical approach with primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the law enforcement process against the criminal act of trafficking of Indonesian migrant workers, there are parties that are organized, starting from the Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Company for Civil Employment, Health (medical checkup), Immigration (making passports), and at the airport. P3MI uses unscrupulous immig­ra­tion officers who can pass prospective Indonesian migrant workers with a number of rewards. Law enforcement carried out by the Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Agency by postponing services, revoking company permits, written warnings, temporarily suspending part or all of business activities, canceling the departure of prospective migrant workers, and or returning from abroad at their own expense. The long-term effort is to closely monitor Indonesian labor service companies.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN MELALUI LEMBAGA MEDIASI PERBANKAN
Authors: Kholid Muhamad
Published: January 2021

Lembaga mediasi perbankan terbilang baru karena sebelum aturan ini keluar fungsi mediasi untuk penyelesaian sengketa per­bankan dilaksanakan oleh Bank Indonesia (BI).Mediasi di bidang perbankan dilakukan oleh lembaga Mediasi perbankan independen yang dibentuk asosiasi perbankan. Sebelumnya te­lah dibentuk lembaga mediasi perbankan independen melalui PBI No: 8/5/PBI/2006. Namun lembaga ini perlu untuk me­la­kukan evaluasi terhadap efektifitas penye­lesaian sengketa per­bankan. Tulisan ini akan memberikan deskripsi tentang pe­ran lembaga mediasi dalam membantu menyelesaikan seng­ke­ta perbankandengan cara sederhana, murah, dan cepat.
KONSEP HAKI DALAM HUKUM ISLAM DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA BAGI PERLINDUNGAN HAK MEREK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hidayat Ade
Published: January 2021

Dalam hukum ekonomi Islam, Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HAKI) dikenal dengan sebutan Hak Ibtikar. Hak cipta adalah hak eksklusif bagi pencipta atau penerima hak untuk mengu­mumkan atau memperbanyak ciptaanya atau memberikan izin untuk itu dengan tidak mengurangi pembatasan-pembatasan menurut peratu­ran perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Para ulama fiqh sepakat menyatakan bahwa hak kepemilikan mubtakir terhadap hasil pemi­kirannya dan ciptaannya adalah hak milik yang bersifat material. Namun demikian apabila hak ibtikar tersebut dikaitkan dengan tabi’at mal dapat ditran­saksikan, maka ia dapat diwarisi jika pemilik­nya meninggal dunia, dan dapat dijadikan wasiat jika seseorang ingin ber­wasiat. Tulisan ini akan menjelaskan secara ringkas tentang kon­sep hak kekayaan inetelektual dalam hukum Islam dan implement­tasinya bagi perlindungan hak merek di Indonesia.
PENERAPAN PASAL 178 AYAT (2) HIR DALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH SYAR’IYAH ACEH NOMOR 45/PDT.G/2017/MS.ACEH TENTANG CERAI TALAK
Authors: Hidayatullah H , Hamnach Burhanuddin
Published: January 2021

The judiciary is organized into two levels, the first level of justice is Religious Court/Syar'iyah Court,  and the court of appeal is the Religious High Court/Provincial Syar'iyah Court. These two trials are referred to as judex facti. The judex facti function is carried out through several stages, is: formulating facts, looking for cause and effect relationships and figuring out probabilities. So, the background of this research is related to the application of judex facti in Aceh Syar'iyah Court. Based on the analysis of the data carried out, it is concluded that the Judex Facti of the Aceh Syar'iyah Court in trying and deciding divorce case Number 45/Pdt.G/2017/MS.Aceh has tried to apply in accordance with the principles of law and legislation in force. That is in the ruling the Aceh Syar'iyah Court panel of judges had given maximum consideration to the reasons for the comparison in filing an appeal. However, there are still shortcomings and anomalies related to the reasons for the comparison in submitting a request so that the 10-grand dowry that has not been paid in full is not granted by the panel of judges of the Syar'iyah Court.  Because of this, the judiciary of the Aceh Syar'iyah Court was judged to have shortcomings and was not optimal in applying the law. Although in authority the panel of judges may not grant the demands of the comparator as long as they do not conflict with applicable laws and regulations. If judged from the whole, the judex facti of the Aceh Syar'iyah Court has implemented it in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations.
PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN NIKAH (SIMKAH) DI KUA KECAMATAN JATINANGOR KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Juneldi Rizel , Sururie Ramdani Wahyu
Published: January 2021

This research is motivated by the presence of an application in marriage data collection called the Marriage Management Information System or Simkah which has begun to be applied in various Religious Affairs Offices (KUA) in West Java, especially in KUA, Jatinangor District, Sumedang. Simkah is a policy program issued by the government to be applied to KUA in district which aims to facilitate the presentation of marriage data at the KUA. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of the Marriage Management Information System or Simkah in administrative services at KUA Jatinangor, Sumedang and its effectiveness. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach, namely research that seeks to reveal and interpret developing phenomena. In this case, the researcher went directly to the field, involving KUA Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency. The data found shows that Simkah at KUA Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency has been implemented but is still constrained, especially in terms of the readiness of the KUA's human resources. In some cases, it was found that it was difficult to use this application, including the complexity of inputting marriage data. Thus it can be concluded that the application of Simkah has helped facilitate data collection on marriages throughout Indonesia but it is still not effective in data entry at the local KUA.
Tajemnica zawodowa adwokata i radcy prawnego w postępowaniu przed sejmową komisją śledczą
Authors:   Izba Adwokacka w Warszawie, Polska, Rynkun-Werner Robert
Published: January 2021

The secret of the professional of a lawyer and legal advisor in proceedings before the parliamentary inquiry commission. Professional secrecy is scared for a lawyer. It is a legal and ethical obligation. The state tries to enter into professional secrecy in various ways, as it happensin the case of procideengs before the parliamentary inquiry commission. The commission may apply to the court for release of the lawyer from the obligation of professional secrecy. Then an attorney may face an ethical problem – how to behave? Therefore, an extremely imprtant role lies with the court, which decides to release the lawyer the obligation of secrecy.
Tajemnica adwokata i radcy prawnego jako szczególny rodzaj tajemnicy zawodowej w postępowaniu karnym
Authors:   Akademia Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Warszawie, Polska, Szwejkowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2021

Although the principle of the confidentiality between client and attorney or solicitor is only one among many other professional duties of confidentiality, its nature is exceptional. Especially in the context of its legal regulation and a notion of controversy towards it. The main aim of the article is to analyze bodies of law that recognizes the duty of confidentiality between an attorney or a solicitor and their client, with particular focus on the regulation of the legal acts that allow the organs in criminal procedure to exempt the lawyer form a duty of professional confidentiality. Within the articles not only statutory law provisions has been analyzed but also norms of a corporate nature. The articles stress also that exists a dichotomy in the perception of the issue not only among professionals but also by the legislator himself.
Electronic voting technologies
Authors: Nedyak Anton , Rudzeyt Oleg , Zainetdinov Artem , Suksova Sofia
Published: January 2021

The article describes modern electronic voting technologies used in various countries of the world, such as Estonia, the United States, countries of the African continent, and others. The authors also consider the main technologies of electronic voting, which are currently widely used in Russia. With the development of digital technologies, there is a tendency for their ubiquity. Various democratic institutions, in turn, have excellent potential for digitalization. One of the results of this synergy was the emergence of such a phenomenon as electronic voting. Most often, electronic voting is classified according to the principle of their interaction with the voter. The first category is remote electronic voting, which includes online voting. This type of electronic voting is used for remote registration of the will of voters. Citizens, instead of visiting a polling station, vote using a home or work personal computer that is connected to the Internet. Can also use the computers installed in the booths in public places – in schools, libraries, etc. The second category in the above classification is voting using electronic means at polling stations. These include so-called «electronic» ballot boxes, electronic technical means for automating vote counting, and various automated systems for automating the election process as a whole and its various stages separately. In addition to considering the methods and technologies of electronic voting, the article also partially describes the methods and problems associated with the identification and formation of voter lists in electronic voting. The authors consider, among other things, the advantages and disadvantages of elective modern technologies. The main advantages of using electronic voting include automating the voting procedure, reducing financial and time costs, and improving the convenience of voting for certain categories of citizens. The disadvantages of the electronic voting technologies used are the lack of public confidence in electronic forms of voting, the likely violation of the principle of secrecy of voting, technical complexity, insufficient reliability compared to «traditional» methods of voting and summing up results, as well as problems with voter identification.
Steel I-joists calculating method with the heel joint partial restraint
Authors: Kuznetsov Dmitry , Belyaeva Svetlana , Sazykin Vitaliy
Published: January 2021

Steel joists in general, are widely used in modern building practice and I-joist systems in particular. That is why close attention to the structural concept development or joist construction is paid. That would significantly reduce the material consumption, including changing the flexural member strain-stress distribution.
The classic pin joint for supporting steel joist involves a bolted connection in the lower third of the knife-edge height. The constructive solution considered in this article contains additional requirements for the heel joint: tight installation clearance filling between two adjacent joist knife-edges, bolt installation that satisfy the strength condition. These requirements ensure the tensile force transfer from a couple of forces emerging on the pier. We proposed a method for calculating steel I-joist, with the account of the obtained partial restraint effect. This method developed based on numerical calculations of three-dimensional finite element beams models using the binodal unilateral connection, however, with proper justification, the results transfer to the core design schemes. Modeling and calculations are performed in the SCAD Office computer complex. The steel I-joist floor beams studied in this paper have 15 m spans. The restraining effect is estimated based on a results comparison of finite element models numerical calculations of a single joist and two adjacent simultaneously working steel joists. Joist test models are made using shell finite elements with zero Gaussian curvature.
As the study result of the operation compatibility of the joist structures heel joint and the analysis of the system strain-stress distribution, a moment redistribution from the span to the heel joint was revealed. With the increase in the span, the restrain effect was found fading. The partial restrain accounting method allows us to assign more economical sections during similar structures designing, due to the introduction of binodal unilateral connection in the heel joint of the joist numerical models. This technique can be used for verification calculations during the technical examination. This paper shows that the bolt junction sections selection for connecting steel joists on a pier can be performed according to the reactions obtained in unilateral connection. Using this calculation methodology in practice for actual construction design provides an opportunity to increase the joist systems’ efficiency and reliability that part of constructional buildings and structures complex.