bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Website Functionality of Convention and Exhibition Centers: Important Performance Dimensions and Attributes
Authors: Tan Xiuchang , Law Rob
Published: December 2020

A convention and exhibition center (CEC) offers spaces and services for various events. An effective website is important for a CEC because event site selection involves extensive long-distance information searching and communication. However, despite ample website evaluation studies
conducted in the tourism and hospitality field, very few studies can adequately reflect the business environment of the CECs and the decision process of selecting a CEC. This study builds on the existing models for hotel website performance and identifies the important dimensions and attributes
of a CEC website through a focus group discussion with multiple stakeholders on the selection of event venues. A framework with four dimensions and 41 attributes is developed. The results show that CECs websites should focus on Venue Facilities and Services (VFS), Contact Information (CI),
Website Management (WM), and Destination Information (DI). Functions related to reservation and payment, which are very important for hotels, are found not value-added for CECs. The study expands the literature on website evaluations and e-marketing. Managerial insights are also provided to
CEC operators and other related industry practitioners.
Rheological properties of wheat flour of the highest grade supplied to bakery enterprises of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution «Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry», Kostyuchenko M.N. , Dremucheva G.F. ,   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution «Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry», Nosova M.V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution «Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry», Nevskaya E.V. ,   Federal State Autonomous Scientific Institution «Scientific Research Institute of the Bakery Industry»
Published: December 2020

Для современных крупных и малых хлебопекарных предприятий особенно актуальна задача обеспечения их качественным, безопасным и стабильным сырьем, в частности мукой. К сожалению, по данным научно-технической литературы не вся мука соответствует предъявляемым к ней требованиям и имеет пониженные хлебопекарные свойства, что не способствует производству хлебобулочных изделий стабильного качества. В ФГАНУ НИИХП в рамках научно-исследовательской работы по теме «Совершенствование методологической базы и технологических решений для повышения качества и безопасности хлебобулочных изделий, экологичности и конкурентоспособности производства» проводятся исследования хлебопекарных свойств муки, поставляемой на хлебопекарные предприятия. В статье изложены результаты изучения реологических свойств теста из 14-ти проб муки пшеничной хлебопекарной высшего сорта, предоставленных хлебопекарными предприятиями г. Москвы и Московской области. С использованием приборов фаринограф и альвеограф установили, что водопоглощение, время образования, упругость и растяжимость теста варьируются в широком диапазоне значений, содержание белка - в диапазоне от 10,0 до 11,7 г на 100 г продукта. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о нестабильном показателе пищевой ценности (содержание белка) муки и реологических характеристиках теста из 14 исследуемых проб муки пшеничной хлебопекарной высшего сорта, поставляемой на хлебопекарные предприятия г. Москвы и Московской области.
Academician Ibrahim Muminov - Organizer Of The First Uzbek Encyclopedia
Authors:   PhD Student, National University Of Uzbekistan, Muminov Temur
Published: December 2020

This article tells about the life of academician Ibrahim Muminov, who was the Vice President of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan for eighteen years and led the development of history, philosophy, literature, culture and art. It is written about his role as an enlightened, patriotic, nationalist scientist in the creation of the Uzbek Soviet encyclopedia, which is a reflection of the centuries-old culture of our people. The author provides a detailed analysis of the problems, difficulties and contradictions in the creation of the National Encyclopedia.
On The Culture Of Music And Singing
Authors:   Teacher, Department Of “National Singing”, Uzbek State Institute Of Arts And Culture, Uzbekistan, Umarova Gulshan Omonovana
Published: December 2020

In the current era of the influence of the information flow, blindly mastering the art of others, they put Uzbek words in their music and perform melodic performances. This article discusses the development of one of the vocal genres - traditional singing, the perfect study of the status of our classical art by students and the further enrichment and preservation of the treasures of our national musical heritage to future generations. In the current era of rapid development, under the influence of music and songs coming from abroad, the minds of our young people are changing and becoming indifferent to their art. It is useful for any nation to learn the art of its own national music first and then master the art of others.
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE OKUL TÜKENMİŞLİĞİNİ AÇIKLAMADA EĞİTİM STRESİ VE OKUL DOYUMUNUN ROLÜ
Authors: BEDEL Ahmet , GÜLER Gökhan
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin okul tükenmişliği puan ortalamalarının cinsiyete, sınıf düzeyine ve okul türüne göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek, okul tükenmişliği, eğitim stresi ve okul doyumu arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek ayrıca eğitim stresi ile okul doyumunun okul tükenmişliği puanlarını açıklamada anlamlı bir yerinin olup olmadığını saptamaktır. Bu amaçla 298 ortaokul öğrencisine İlköğretim II. Kademe Öğrencileri için Okul Tükenmişliği Ölçeği (İÖOTÖ), Eğitim Stresi Ölçeği (ESÖ) ve Çocuklar için Kapsamlı Okul Doyumu Ölçeği (ÇKODÖ) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın istatistiksel analizlerinde, Bağımsız Ortalamalar için T-Testi, Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelâsyonu Analizi ve Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, eğitim stresi ile okul doyumunun, okul tükenmişliği puanlarının güçlü yordayıcıları olduğu ve okul tükenmişliğine ilişkin varyansın yaklaşık %62’sini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Bu bilgiler ışığında, öğrencilerin geliştirebileceği okul tükenmişliğine yönelik yapılması planlanan rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetlerinde risk ve koruyucu faktör olarak belirlenen aracı değişkenlerin önemine vurgu yapılarak tartışılmış ve bu konuda yapılacak sonraki araştırmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Моделювання деформації тонкостінного циліндра, як ізотропного тіла у вигляді дійкової гуми
Authors: Дмитрів І.
Published: December 2020

Стаття присвячена проблемі моделювання деформації дійкової гуми доїльного стакана, як ізотропного тіла у вигляді тонкостінного циліндра. За основу взято розроблену аналітичну модель дійкової гуми з врахуванням її попереднього натягу, конструкційно-технологічних параметрів та фізико-механічних характеристик матеріалу гуми для моделювання деформацій у радіальній, повздовжній й круговій площинах.Основним параметром змикання дійкової гуми є її радіальна деформація на всій активній частині в залежності від конструкційних параметрів та фізико-механічних характеристик гуми. Параметрами для моделювання деформацій є R – радіус дійкової гуми, Е – модуль пружності, h - товщина дійкової гуми, рн – вакуумметричний тиск, l – довжина активної частини дійкової гуми, ν – коефіцієнт Пуассона для гуми, Fн – сила натягу дійкової гуми. В залежності від центрального кута у радіальній площині перерізу моделюється форма деформації дійкової гуми на всій її робочій довжині. За попереднього натягу дійкової гуми безпосередньо після защемлених кінців є деформація до 1 мм у вигляді незначно вираженого еліпсоїда. На віддалі до 10 мм від обох защемлених кінців за вакууму 48 КПа дійкова гума круглого перерізу деформується у вигляді форми “гантелі”, однак за попереднього натягу 60 Н максимальна деформація у місці найбільшого прогину досягає 7 мм від радіуса дійкової гуми 11 мм в сторону сплющення, а без попереднього натягу максимальна деформація у місці найбільшого прогину досягає 5 мм.Аналіз результатів моделювання показує, що попередній натяг дійкової гуми на характер її змикання, за дії вакуумметричного тиску, не впливає. Натяг частково змінює величину деформації. Однак, попередній натяг дійкової гуми забезпечує початкову деформацію у перерізі безпосередньо після защемлення, зменшуючи діаметр, і уможливлює надійне утримування доїльного стакана на дійці корови.
Models and Stories in Economics
Authors: Tambovtsev Vitaliy
Published: December 2020

The paper is devoted to critical analysis of economic methodology movement equating models and metaphors, without making any difference between mathematic models and verbal descriptions (“stories”). The author characterizes some approaches to models’ methodological treatment in economics; describes models’ features permitting to obtain new knowledge and, finally, validates the lack of these features in most verbal descriptions of economic processes. The analysis shows that models and verbal stories have essentially different cognitive potential for economics’ development.
The Impact of Piracy and Technical Protection of Results of Intellectual Activity on Social Welfare
Authors: Morosanova Anastasiya , Meleshkina Anna
Published: December 2020

The article reflects the main aspects that should be taken into account in developing and changing the regulation of intellectual property sphere. Being harmful in some aspects, piracy also has a number of properties that can be useful for copyright owners: information, network and indirect effects. The paper presents a mathematical model showing the case where the protection of intellection activity result can cause more damage to public welfare than piracy itself. The findings show a need for tools more flexible than the intellectual property system so that every copyright owner can choose the required level of protection.
Key Neutralization Tools for Risks of Banks and Insurance Companies Integration
Authors: Averchenko Oleg
Published: December 2020

Integration of banks and insurance companies along with positive effects for the state, clients and shareholders, also brings about specific risks. Functioning of financial institutions is exposed to the influence of external and internal environment, manifested in a number of risks finding the expression in corresponding threats. The article examines the risks of banks and insurance companies’ integration together with the main instruments of their neutralization. The author offers classification of risks of insurance companies and banks integration by its level and develops the tools to prevent and neutralize the risks of integration. The tools to prevent and neutralize the risks of insurance companies and banks integration are as follows: internal risk management; prudential supervision and regulation.
An Interdisciplinary Approach to the Demography Teaching at Universities
Authors: Kalabikhina Irina
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes methodological forms of interdisciplinary approach in teaching of demography at undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate levels. The author stresses on two methods for undergraduate students at the faculty of Economics: inclusion interdisciplinary lectures in basic course, and the development of interdisciplinary case studies for seminars.
Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the BRICS countries: What are the challenges for industrial policy?
Authors: Simachev Yurii , Fedyunina Anna , Kuzyk Mikhail
Published: December 2020

Long-term scenarios predict that the BRICS countries can overtake the G7 countries in their contribution to the world economy, but, as follows from the analysis of multicomponent international indices, the same countries lag significantly behind the G7 countries in terms of preparedness for a technological future. In this regard, the growth prospects of the BRICS economies are largely determined by possible strategies of the countries to disseminate and use the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) technologies.

Analysis of TiVA OECD data revealed that BRICS was not very profitably integrated into global value chains — far from the final consumer abroad and relatively close to suppliers of raw materials and semi-finished products — which in the long term determines the limitations on increasing economic complexity. Analysis of the WITS World Bank data revealed that BRICS was relatively poorly involved in the processes of international exchange of products related to the technologies of Industry 4.0 — industrial robots, additive technologies, computer-aided-design and computer-aided-manufacturing technologies, and biotechnologies — and retained the position of net importers, with China making the greatest contribution to the dynamics of trade.

Taking into account the general growth of global competition for technologies associated with Industry 4.0 and the continuing lag of BRICS in creating and using such technologies, the authors highlight the challenges for the industrial policy of the BRICS countries and discuss possible answers within the framework of industrial and trade policies. Challenges for BRICS include continued participation in global networks as countries serving the production and trade of new technologies; lagging behind in the level of development of the institutional environment and infrastructure for development of technologies; formation of limited “hotbeds” intensively using the Industry 4.0 technologies; and, thus, growth of spatial, inter- and intra-sectoral inequality.
Inflation targeting: From “constrained discretion” to singularity
Authors: Buklemishev Oleg
Published: December 2020

In recent years, inflation targeting has become a staple of international monetary policy. The paper considers different challenges this monetary policy regime faces with regard to suppressed inflation, attaining the zero lower bound on the policy interest rates, and committing central banks to simultaneously pursue additional objectives such as financial stability. Inflation targeting has proved inefficient in raising inflation to the target zone from below, and unorthodox monetary policy tools have not proved their validity in this regard yet. As a result, monetary authorities are more inclined to discretion allowing them to compromise different aspects of “pure” inflation targeting. The value of this discretion is based on asymmetric information and boosted by additional functions assumed by central banks. However, it might bring about serious problems of dynamic inconsistency, compounded political uncertainty, and bureaucratic misconduct. Since none of the alternatives to inflation targeting currently looks fully satisfactory, it is concluded that the inflation targeting regime should be transformed to take into account the current situation, but a necessary precondition for the effectiveness of the new regime is enhanced accountability of central banks.
Alzheimer Hastalarında Kullanılan İlaç Dışı Tedavi Yöntemleri
Authors: BOZKURT Canan , KARADAKOVAN Ayfer
Published: December 2020

Alzheimer hastalığı, hipokampus, serebral korteks ve subkortikal alanlarda senil plaklar ve nörofibriler düğümlerin varlığı ile karakterize en sık görülen nörodejeneratif hastalıktır. Hastalığın erken aşamaları klasik olarak bellekteki zayıflama ile ilişkilidir. Hastalığın erken evresinde bireyler kelime bulmakta, yeni insanların isimlerini hatırlamakta ve sosyal/iş görevlerinde zorluk yaşamaktadırlar. Beraberinde son günlerde okuduğu yazıyı unutma ve nesneleri yanlış yerleştirme gibi sorunlar görülebilmektedir. Hastalık ilerledikçe orta evrede önemli olayları veya kişisel anıları unutmak, sosyal geri çekilme, adres veya telefon numaralarını hatırlayamama, zaman ve yer oryantasyonunda bozulma, mevsime/ortama uygun kıyafet seçememe, uyku düzeni değişiklikleri, gezinme veya kaybolma riski, kişilik veya davranış değişiklikleri (şüphe, dürtüsellik, sanrılar ve tekrarlayan davranışlar) görülmektedir. Alzheimer hastalığının neden olduğu bu sorunların sona erdirilmesi için erken tanı, tedavi ve özellikle de önlenmesine yönelik çeşitli yaklaşımlara gereksinim vardır. Teknolojinin de ilerlemesiyle dünyada ve ülkemizde çalışmaların artmasına rağmen hastalığın önlenmesi ve kesin tedavisi henüz mümkün olmamaktadır. Ancak Alzheimer hastalığına sahip yaşlı bireylerin günlük yaşam aktivitelerine katılımı ve yaşam kalitesinin artırılabilmesi için ilaç tedavisinin yanı sıra özellikle hastalığın belirtilerini azaltmakta ilaç dışı yöntemler de uygulanmaktadır.

Bu derleme, farmakolojik tedavinin yanı sıra Alzheimer hastalarının semptomlarını azaltmak ve yaşam kalitesini artırmak için kullanılabilecek geleneksel ve destekleyici yöntemlerin hemşireler ve diğer sağlık profesyonellerine yol göstermesini amaçlamaktadır.
Vulnerabilidad de la caficultura de Cauca a la broca del café en diferentes eventos climáticos
Authors: Giraldo-Jaramillo Marisol , Montoya Esther Cecilia , Sarmiento-Herrera Ninibeth , Quiroga Mosquera Audberto , Espinosa-Osorio Juan Camilo , García-López Juan Carlos , Duque Orrego Hernando , Benavides Machado Pablo
Published: December 2020

Conocer la vulnerabilidad de una zona a la broca de café, teniendo claro que es una condición natural de esta y que, bajo ciertos escenarios climáticos, la plaga puede comportarse de una forma esperada, es una ventaja competitiva clara para los caficultores, pues podrán anticipar muchas decisiones de manejo. En este Avance Técnico consulte la vulnerabilidad del departamento del Cauca a la broca del café en diferentes escenarios climáticos, Neutro, La Niña y El Niño.
DEGENERALIZING INSTRUMENT APPROACH MINIMA TO NON INSTRUMENT RUNWAYS: A CASE STUDY FOR PAYERNE AIRPORT IN SWITZERLAND
Authors: Dautermann Thomas , Ludwig Thomas
Published: December 2020

Instrument approaches to non- instrument runways were made possible by the new approach classification of ICAO. As a conservative solution, the procedure design guidelines by the national civil aviation authorities apply circling minima to those approaches to non-instrument runways. However, the classification as non-instrument runway is very binary. Often a small item causes a reduction from instrument to a non-instrument runway and the circling minima become thus very conservative. Here, two cases are shown, Payerne, a non-instrument runway, and Ouessant with an instrument runway, both equipped very differently but both serving Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) traffic. Solutions for Payerne and other similarly highly equipped non-instrument runways are proposed in order to be able to accommodate at least non-precision minima.
Sputtering of Presolar Grains via Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Garg Akshat , Marhas Kuljeet K. , Goyal Vikram
Published: December 2020

The sputtering rate of presolar silicon carbide grains due to galactic cosmic rays has been computed for their experimentally deduced lifetimes (∼1 Gyr) in the interstellar medium. An ion target simulator, SDTrimSP, was used to model the sputtering of interstellar grains with varying sizes and thicknesses of the ice mantle formed around the grain during their journey through the interstellar medium. Temperature, composition, and density for four different types of molecular cloud environments (quiescent, low-mass young stellar objects (YSOs), intermediate-mass YSOs, and high-mass YSO weak processing) considered indicate the sputtering rate on the mantle ice composition depends on water composition to a certain extent. The model simulations indicate galactic cosmic ray(s) with an energy range from 10 MeV to 1 GeV are just capable of sputtering/destructing ∼13%–15% of the grain itself. This value, stretched over 1 Gyr is not as significant as the other destruction processes and therefore can be classified as a minor destruction process. The effect of galactic cosmic rays on the ice mantle and core is also noted with particular emphasis on amorphization/recoils generated inside the SiC core and their distribution within the grain.
Formation of Ultra-short-period Planets by Obliquity-driven Tidal Runaway
Authors: Millholland Sarah C. , Spalding Christopher
Published: December 2020

Small, rocky planets have been found orbiting in extreme proximity to their host stars, sometimes down to only ∼2 stellar radii. These ultra-short-period planets (USPs) likely did not form in their present-day orbits, but rather migrated from larger initial separations. While tides are the probable cause of this migration, the tidal source has remained uncertain. Here, we introduce planetary obliquity tides as a natural pathway for the production of USPs within close-in multiplanet systems. The crucial idea is that tidal dissipation generally forces planetary spin vectors to equilibrium configurations called “Cassini states,” in which the planetary obliquities (axial tilts) are nonzero. In these cases, sustained tidal dissipation and inward orbital migration are inevitable. Migration then increases the obliquity and strengthens the tides, creating a positive feedback loop. Thus, if a planet's initial semimajor axis is small enough (a ≲ 0.05 au), it can experience runaway orbital decay, which is stalled at ultra-short orbital periods when the forced obliquity reaches very high values (∼85°) and becomes unstable. We use secular dynamics to outline the parameter space in which the innermost member of a prototypical Kepler multiple-planet system can become a USP. We find that these conditions are consistent with many observed features of USPs, such as period ratios, mutual inclinations, and occurrence rate trends with stellar type. Future detections of stellar obliquities and close-in companions, together with theoretical explorations of the potential for chaotic obliquity dynamics, can help constrain the prevalence of this mechanism.
Bayesian Analysis of Quasi-periodic Pulsations in Stellar Flares
Authors: Pascoe D. J. , Smyrli A. , Van Doorsselaere T. , Broomhall A.-M.
Published: December 2020

Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are routinely observed in a range of wavelengths during flares, but in most cases the mechanism responsible is unknown. We present a method to detect and characterize QPPs in time series such as light curves for solar or stellar flares based on forward modeling and Bayesian analysis. We include models for QPPs as oscillations with finite lifetimes and nonmonotonic amplitude modulation, such as wave trains formed by dispersive evolution in structured plasmas. By quantitatively comparing different models using Bayes factors, we characterize the QPPs according to five properties: sinusoidal or nonsinusoidal, finite or indefinite duration, symmetric or asymmetric perturbations, monotonic or nonmonotonic amplitude modulation, and constant or varying period of oscillation. We demonstrate our method and show examples of these five characteristics by analyzing QPPs in white-light stellar flares observed by the Kepler space telescope. Different combinations of properties may be able to identify particular physical mechanisms and so improve our understanding of QPPs and allow their use as seismological diagnostics. We propose that three observational classes of QPPs can be distinguished: decaying harmonic oscillations, finite wave trains, and nonsinusoidal pulsations.
A review of leaf-miner tephritid flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) of the south-eastern part of West Siberia, Russia
Authors: Shcherbakov Mikhail V.
Published: December 2020

Eleven leaf-miner tephritid fly species from 7 genera are reviewed for four regions in the south-eastern part of West Siberia, Russia, namely Tomskaya and Kemerovskaya Oblasts, Altaiskii Krai, and Republics of Altai and Khakassia. The share of leaf-miner species in the tephritid fly fauna of the region is 10.2%. Cornutrypeta svetlanae Richter & Shcherbakov, 2000, recorded from four regions, is the most numerous and widely distributed species preferring forest belt in the mountains of Kuznetskii Alatau (Kemerovskaya Oblast and Khakassia), North Altai (Republic of Altai) and West Altai (Altaiskii Krai). Two species are registered in only one region, namely Cornutrypeta spinifrons (Schroeder, 1913) in the forest belt of the Kuznetskii Alatau mountains (Kemerovskaya Oblast) and Hemilea dimidiata (Costa, 1844) in the forest meadows of Tomskaya Oblast. The rarest species in the region are Cornutrypeta spinifrons (Schroeder, 1913) and Trypeta zoe Meigen, 1826 known by single or several specimens only. Comments on the distribution and trophic relation of all the species are provided.
La relation à l’autre, une expérience spirituelle ?
Authors: Legenne Myriam
Published: December 2020

Par et dans la rencontre avec les patients dont nous prenons soin, une expérience spirituelle peut aussi être vécue, intime, mais reçue d’un autre. De ses profondeurs, du récit de sa vie, des choses ordinaires du quotidien, de ses liens aux autres, de sa traversée de la maladie, de la mort envisagée, le sujet peut risquer une parole, partageant à celui qui l’écoute ce que cela lui fait vivre. Il attend que quelqu’un réponde alors présent et demeure avec lui.
Spiritual care et cheminement des soins
Authors: Jacquemin Dominique
Published: December 2020

Entrer dans cette dynamique, ce n’est pas faire plus, mais s’efforcer de faire autrement. Il s’agit avant tout d’habiter l’acte de soin autrement et d’aller vers la personne souffrante avec un autre regard, plus aiguisé, plus large et avec un autre niveau d’attention à ce qu’elle dit et signifie de sa propre existence. C’est être convaincu que l’attention à la dimension spirituelle est une de ses dimensions constitutives et que la spiritualité contribue à l’équilibre de la personne souffrante.
En quoi l’évaluation des besoins ou de la souffrance spirituels serait-elle utile pour les professionnels accompagnants un patient, et pour le patient lui-même ?
Authors: Serey Adrien
Published: December 2020

La notion de spiritualité et de besoins spirituels ne semble pas clairement identifiée par les soignants. L’accompagnement de ces besoins ne fait pas partie intégrante de la prise en charge globale du patient en phase palliative. La détresse spirituelle est dévastatrice lorsque le patient ne possède pas de ressources génératrices de sens ou lorsque ses accompagnateurs manquent de formation, de compétences et de temps pour répondre à de telles questions existentielles.
Marxismes et Critique de la valeur
Authors: Sobel Richard
Published: December 2020

Promouvant un « Marx ésotérique-hétérodoxe » contre un « Marx exotérique-orthodoxe », le courant actuel Critique de la valeur entend élaborer une critique sociale sur la base d’une interprétation radicale de l’analyse structurale par Marx du capitalisme. Tout en en soulignant l’apport antinaturaliste original, cet article se propose de montrer en quoi ce courant ne fait que reformuler à nouveaux frais une approche déterministe qui vide la praxis de toute épaisseur ontologique, ce qui le prive des moyens de rendre compte du « monde » capitaliste en tant que tel et du coup d’en penser la transformation hors d’une logique du tout ou rien.
Salariés agricoles détachés : quelques leçons de la crise sanitaire
Authors: Castracani Lucio , Décosse Frédéric , Hellio Emmanuelle , Mésini Béatrice , Moreno Nieto Juana
Published: December 2020

À la figure mythique du plombier polonais se substitue désormais celle de l’ouvrier agricole détaché venu d’Espagne. Tout comme le premier, il est accusé d’être un rouage du dumping social, mais aussi, et c’est là une nouveauté, un vecteur de contagion de l’actuelle pandémie de Covid-19 et de contournement du dispositif sanitaire mis en place. Quand on entend que le corps étranger menace le corps social, quand l’hygiénisme fait le lit de la xénophobie et du patriotisme économique, il est temps de revenir aux faits.
Le droit au séjour pour soins, laboratoire de l’état d’urgence sanitaire
Authors: Klausser Nicolas
Published: December 2020

Les outils juridiques imposés dans le cadre de l’état d’urgence sanitaire partagent avec la police des étrangers en France un objectif commun : le contrôle et la surveillance des déplacements des populations. Pour observer la « circulation du virus », immobiliser, constituer des fichiers de données personnelles – qui échapperaient aisément à leurs propriétaires – et enfin géolocaliser, représentent autant d’opérations attentatoires à la liberté de circulation qui ne peuvent qu’intéresser les préposés à la maîtrise des flux migratoires.
En quarantaine à la frontière franco-italienne
Authors: Hanus Philippe
Published: December 2020

En période d’épidémie, l’étranger est souvent accusé de colporter la maladie et les migrations sont perçues comme des menaces biologiques qu’il faut « bloquer » aux frontières. Mais les politiques d’endiguement ne se justifient-elles que par des considérations prophylactiques ? L’auteur retrace, à travers l’épisode de choléra qui touche l’Europe en 1884-1885, « la fabrique » d’un événement et sa politisation où gestion sanitaire et politique souverainiste de contrôle de populations s’inspirent l’une l’autre.
Corine Pelluchon, Éthique de la considération , Paris, Seuil, 2018, 288 pages
Authors: Quentin Bertrand
Published: December 2020

Pendant des siècles, Dieu, le cosmos et la tradition ont fondé l’éthique. Avec les Lumières nos sociétés industrialisées se sont ensuite focalisées sur la raison. Mais face à certains enjeux contemporains, elle n’apparaît plus non plus comme un guide infaillible vers notre bien. Trois principaux défis sont là. Le premier est environnemental. Le second est la cause animale. Le troisième est celui d’une renaissance du système démocratique devant le délitement qui l’accompagne aujourd’hui amenant à réaffirmer la primauté du politique sur l’économie.. Pour relever ces défis de façon structurelle il nous faudra une métamorphose de nos comportements et pouvoir passer du nihilisme à « l’âge de la considération ». Corine Pelluchon nous détaille un chemin qui construit métaphysiquement, psychologiquement et politiquement ce concept de « considération », issu de Bernard de Clairvaux mais repensé par ses soins.
Le travail des ouvriers mineurs en Belgique ( ca 1830-1930)
Authors: Geerkens Éric , Leboutte René , Péters Arnaud
Published: December 2020

Piliers du développement économique de la Belgique depuis la révolution industrielle, les charbonnages ont occupé une abondante main-d’œuvre, principalement recrutée avant la Première Guerre dans l’hinterland des sièges d’exploitation. Formés dans un cadre familial, les ouvriers mineurs exercent aux différents âges de leur vie professionnelle un travail manuel lourd, qui se complexifie à l’âge adulte avec la maîtrise du descellement de la houille, du boisage et des mesures de sécurité. L’abaissement des rendements, dans un contexte de concurrence internationale exacerbée, impose une mécanisation et une réorganisation des travaux qui entament durablement la reproduction familiale de la force de travail et imposent son recrutement à l’étranger. D’abord affaiblies par leur dispersion, les forces syndicales minières s’organisent davantage après l’Armistice et s’engagent alors dans la voie d’une négociation collective qui les coupent cependant d’une partie de leur base.
Les débuts de la mutualité dans le Nord de la France et en Belgique, accommodation ou résistance à la mise au travail industriel ?
Authors: Tilly Pierre , Touchelay Béatrice
Published: December 2020

Le dynamisme des coopératives de production et de consommation et celui des mutualités en France, particulièrement dans le Nord, se retrouve également en Belgique au travers du mouvement coopératif belge d’initiative ouvrière, chrétienne et socialiste. Ces mouvements illustrent à la fois le foisonnement et l’originalité des initiatives des travailleurs et des patrons nordistes en matière de solidarité à la fin du xix e  siècle. Les « modèles » belge et français se distinguent cependant par leur degré de politisation. En effet, si initialement les fraternités s’inscrivent dans l’oppositon politique en France, elles rentrent dans le rang au cours du xix e  siècle tandis que les coopératives belges s’inscrivent ouvertement dans le réformisme et la recherche d’une alternative au capitalisme, ou du moins d’un adoucissement de ses règles. Le développement du mutualisme dans le Nord n’est ni une simple captation paternaliste, ni la manifestation de l’emprise des notables ou des Églises sur les populations ouvrières. Il résulte de la prise de conscience par une partie des ouvriers, des patrons et des responsables politiques de la nécessité d’aménager les effets de l’industrialisation et de la salarisation. Le réformisme de ces aspirations rencontre un terrain porteur dans des régions massivement industrialisées au xix e  siècle.
Le grand défi de la formation
Authors: Venne Jean-François
Published: December 2020

La transition vers l’économie circulaire exigera un grand mouvement de formation et de transfert de connaissances tous azimuts. Un défi de taille en raison de l’ampleur des compétences et des savoirs requis pour implanter efficacement cette approche.
L’évolution des infrastructures TI : trois défis à surmonter
Authors: Coulon Thibaut , Bourdeau Simon , Vieru Dragos , Boissières Élodie
Published: December 2020

La gestion de l’infrastructure technologique représente tout un casse-tête pour les organisations qui veulent accroître leur efficacité opérationnelle. Aperçu des défis inhérents à l’évolution technologique et des stratégies à déployer pour mieux orchestrer les changements.
On a lu pour vous – Les RH en 2030, de Gilles Verrier et Nicolas Bourgeois
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: December 2020

Et si on se projetait en 2030 ? Des tendances lourdes aux signaux faibles en passant par les ruptures envisageables, les auteurs de cet ouvrage, Gilles Verrier et Nicolas Bourgeois, se lancent dans un exercice prospectif. À quoi voulons-nous que le monde du travail ressemble demain ?
Entretien avec Sari Wilde : êtes-vous un connecteur ?
Authors: Barlow Julie
Published: December 2020

La plupart des entreprises recherchent des cadres qui assureront sans relâche le coaching de leurs subordonnés. « C’est une erreur », affirme Sari Wilde, vice-présidente et directrice de la firme de consultants Gartner et auteure de l’ouvrage The Connector Manager 1 . Cette spécialiste du capital humain y explique le secret des cadres qui réussissent le mieux à développer le talent et les compétences de leur personnel.
Spin-Orbital Angular Momentum of Light and Its Application
Authors: KIM Teun-Teun
Published: December 2020

Like the eletron, the photon carries spin and orbital angular momentum caused by the polarization and the spatial phase distribution of light, respectively. Since the first observation of an optical vortex beam with orbital angular momentum (OAM), the use of an optical vortex beam has led to further studies on the light-matter interaction, the quantum nature of light, and a number of applications. In this article, using a metasurface with geometrical phase, we introduce the fundamental origins and some important applications of light with spin-orbit angular momentum as examples, including optical vortex tweezer and quantum entanglement of the spin-orbital angular momentum.
Newtonian quantum gravity and the derivation of the gravitational constant G and its fluctuations
Authors: Ziefle Reiner Georg
Published: December 2020

The theory of gravity “Newtonian quantum gravity” (NQG) is an ingeniously simple theory, because it precisely predicts so-called “general relativistic phenomena,” as, for example, that observed at the binary pulsar PSR B1913 + 16, by just applying
Kepler’s second law on quantized gravitational fields. It is an irony of fate that the unsuspecting relativistic physicists still have to effort with the tensor calculations of an imaginary four-dimensional space-time. Everybody can understand that a mass that moves through space must
meet more “gravitational quanta” emitted by a certain mass, if it moves faster than if it moves slower or rests against a certain mass, which must cause additional gravitational effects that must be added to the results of Newton's theory of gravity. However, today's physicists
cannot recognize this because they are caught in Einstein's relativistic thinking and as general relativity can coincidentally also predict these quantum effects by a mathematically defined four-dimensional curvature of space-time. Advanced NQG is also able to derive the gravitational constant
G and explains why G must fluctuate. The “string theory” tries to unify quantum physics with general relativity, but as the so-called “general relativistic” phenomena are quantum physical effects, it cannot be a realistic theory. The “energy wave theory”
is lead to absurdity by the author.
Principle of conservation of energy and modern theories
Authors: Hamam H.
Published: December 2020

The famous quote of Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier (18th century) “Nothing is lost, nothing is created: everything is transformed” illustrates a principle that has marked minds throughout modern history. It deals with the principle of energy conservation. In our minds, energy
is conserved in our world (in our dimensions). If part of the energy drifts out of our dimensions, this will contradict the statement “Nothing is lost.” If some energy penetrates our dimensions, this will contradict the statement “Nothing is created.” Everything is
transformed within our dimensions. This article discusses the latest attempts through cosmic theories, still unverified, that have tried to explain the start and development of the universe even at the cost of concepts and principles unanimously agreed to date by the scientific community through
the history, such as the principle of conservation of energy. This article raises some questions that we scientists must answer before we move forward. We must from time to time take a step back and have a critical look at our scientific progress before we branch off into a web of various
theories.
The obscurity of the physical: an objection to Chalmers’ conceivability argument
Authors: Moreira Felipe G. A.
Published: December 2020

A zombie world is a possible world in which all the microphysical truths are identical to the truths in our world, but no one is phenomenally conscious. A zombie is an individual in a possible world whose microphysical truths are identical to the microphysical truths of an individual in our world, but who has none of the phenomenal conscious experiences of the individual in our world. An inverted is an individual in a possible world whose microphysical truths are not only identical to the microphysical truths of an individual in our world, but who also has phenomenal conscious experiences. These experiences, however, are qualitatively different from the ones of the individual in our world. The first premise of Chalmers’ conceivability argument against materialism is that a zombie world, a zombie and an inverted are ideally conceivable. This paper rejects this premise in claiming that: given that current physics does not allow philosophers to establish a clear concept of the physical that could be opposed to something else non-physical, a zombie world, a zombie and an inverted are merely prima facie, but not ideally conceivable. This objection is called the Obscurity of the Physical Objection.Key-words: Zombies, qualia, conceivability, possibility, physics.
COVID-19
Authors: Ruckmani A , Ilamathi KR , Kumar R Arun , Kumar PM Umesh
Published: December 2020

This review was undertaken to synthesize data from various databases on therapeutic clinical trials conducted on COVID- 19 in order to find out the trial details and outcome of the completed trials as well as the rationale for selecting the different trial drugs. The data were obtained from articles published December 2019 to September 4, 2020. The analysis of the data has shown that Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is the only disease for which more than 2100 clinical trials have been registered. In these trials many existing drugs like Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), Remdesivir, Tocilizumab, Sarilumab, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Favipiravir, Glucocorticoids, COVID-19 convalescent plasma, Mesenchymal stem cells, Interferons, Azithromycin, Ivermectin, traditional medicines and many others are being tested globally for their efficacy in COVID-19. 225 trials have been completed as of September 4, 2020 and the results are available only for a few trials. Out of these results, two have shown favorable outcome for Favipiravir, one for HCQ alone, and one for HCQ + Azithromycin and one for Meplazumab. Topline data of two trials have resulted in the emergency use authorization (EUA) for Remdesivir on May 1, 2020. The available results of NIAD, WHO’s SOLIDARITY, Gilead and RECOVERY trials have not shown the anticipated outcome. The results of the rest of the completed trials are awaited to draw conclusion regarding the definite therapy of COVID-19. The new drug development for COVID-19 is still in its preliminary stage. Identification of potential drug candidates which could selectively inhibit Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV2) protease (Mpro) and SARS CoV2 S protein is in progress.
Prison breakthrough
Authors: Mbatha Lungelo Sanele , Luthuli Lungile P. , Masenya Tlou Maggie
Published: December 2020

There is a consensus among researchers that information systems brought and continue to bring a fourth revolution in organisations around the world. These systems made an immense contribution by incorporating various functions into one system, thus enhancing the capabilities of organisations with minimum work effort. Correctional facilities have also made the break to add information systems in prisons for better decision-making. This study utilised literature review to critically examine the use of information systems within the correctional facilities in African countries with a view to determine how the resultant records from the system are managed. Findings reveals that information systems used in prisons have simplified the flow of information and the records management functions in correctional facilities in some African countries. However, the majority of correctional facilities in countries such as South Africa are still using the traditional method of records management mostly because of financial constraints and lack of support from the government. The study recommends that correctional facilities should consider exploring the possibility of benchmarking and collaborating with other key sectors for effective implementation of information systems and management of resultant records.
Preservation strategies for student affairs records at the University of Venda in South Africa
Authors: Netshakhuma Sidney
Published: December 2020

Student affairs records are essential components in addressing basic functionalities in the university environment as they serve diverse purposes such as the life of a student on the campus. However, these records are often not preserved properly especially at universities in rural settings.   This study assessed student affairs records, with consideration to preservation strategy at the University of Venda in South Africa. Data were collected through interviews with ten purposively selected staff members from student affairs division. The key findings reveal that while the university has an archive service within the library, the responsibility of preserving student records lies with records management division that resides within the registrar’s office. However, there is no preservation strategy for student affairs records. It is concluded that collaboration between student affairs and records and archives department enhance to collect the student affairs records. A comprehensive study on the management of student affairs records in South African universities is recommended.
Project-based Learning for Environmental Sustainability Action
Authors: Bramwell-Lalor Sharon , Kelly Keith , Ferguson Therese , Hordatt Gentles Carol , Roofe Carmel
Published: December 2020

The quest for social and economic development coupled with a growing population has led to complex and unsustainable interactions between humans and the natural resources of planet Earth. One approach to addressing complex, ‘wicked’ problems involves closing the gap between the sustainability knowledge of individuals and the competencies for positive environmental behaviours. Projectbased learning is one teaching-learning strategy which provides opportunities for cultivating a wide range of sustainability competencies to close this gap. Two cases are presented in this paper in which project-based learning was used for fostering environmental competencies and advancing sustainability. One relates to teachers in a graduate course, and the other, to students using an online learning platform. Evaluation of various qualitative documents and artefacts produced by participants revealed that i) teachers and students were motivated and enabled to take action on environmental and sustainability issues through project-based learning ii) participants’ environmental knowledge and sustainability competencies such as communication and collaboration skills were enhanced. School administrators should therefore encourage a culture where project-based learning is infused into the curriculum, and teachers’ collaborative efforts regarding projects are supported.
Institutional Analysis of Adoption of Agroforestry Practices in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Zerihun Mulatu Fekadu
Published: December 2020

Agroforestry practices are innovations developed in response to problems associated with inappropriate land use practices. The latter refers to the use of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes because of an increase in urbanisation, rapidly developing industry, and investments, and, finally, gaps in laws and regulations (Cengiz, 2013). Agroforestry practices are land-based economic development strategies with a perceived positive role in supporting rural livelihoods. Using a logistic regression model with cross-sectional data, this study explores the impact of institutional factors and incentive mechanisms that affect the adoption of agroforestry innovations. The study finds that a larger number of extension services, access to credit, access to extension, information exchange among farmers, trust in local institutions, active participation in social  groups and organisations, and prior exposure to agricultural technologies are the variables that positively affect the adoption of agroforestry innovations in the study area. These findings have policy implications in promoting integrated rural development in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.
Adsorption of carbon dioxide on MIL53(Al), CuBTC and K- NaX zeolite
Authors: Cakicioglu-Ozkan Fehime
Published: December 2020

CO2 adsorption on K exchanged NaX zeolites, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), namely Cu-BTC and MIL53 (Al) was studied at 5 °C and 25 °C.  Exchange via ultrasonic and traditional methods, was conducted at 50 °C and 70 °C. The maximum replacement of Na+ ion with K+ ion in the extra framework of zeolite was increased from 76% to 83% with increasing temperature from 50 °C to 70 °C in the ultrasonic method which is more effective than traditional one. Compared with the zeolites, the MOF adsorbents used in this work have higher Langmuir specific surface area values namely 1278, 1473 and about 1000 m2/g for MIL 53, Cu-BTC and zeolite adsorbents respectively. The resulting CO2 isotherms can be well represented by the Toth equation. Comparison of the isosteric heat of adsorption at zero loading shows that CO2 was adsorbed more weakly on MOFs than zeolites.