bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Intensive Care Measures in Children with Severe New Coronavirus Infection in Pediatric Intensive Care Units
Authors: Аleksandrovich Yu. S. , Prometnoy D. V. , Mironov P. I. , Pshenisnov K. V. , Аnchutin P. E. , Vasilenok А. V. , Nezabudkin S. N.
Published: January 2022

Currently, the number of publications on specific features of the clinical course and outcomes of new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in children is steadily increasing, but there are practically no works demonstrating the effectiveness of intensive care interventions, which served as the basis for the present analysis.The objective is to assess the effectiveness of primary intensive care interventions in children with a severe course of new coronavirus infection.Subjects and Methods. 94 patients were examined. Evaluation of intensive care measures was carried out upon admission to ICU.Results. It was found that corticosteroids were used only in 55 (58.5%) patients (χ2 = 5.254, p = 0.022, Pearson conjugation criterion = 0.130). A moderate correlation was established between the unjustified prescription of prednisolone and the unfavorable disease outcome (χ2 = 27.98, p < 0.001, Pearson conjugation criterion = 0.296). The moderate strength of the association between the prescription of antibacterial drugs and the disease outcome was noted (χ2 = 34.01, p < 0.001, Pearson conjugation criterion = 0.331). In all lethal cases, there was volume overload due to excessive intravenous fluid administration (χ2 = 5.14, p = 0.024).Conclusion: individual therapeutic strategies do not have a direct significant impact on outcomes of new coronavirus infection in children, however, the delivery of comprehensive intensive care presented in clinical guidelines is associated with the patient's recovery.
STOP-BANG: a Mandatory Tool for Targeted Respiratory Therapy in Bariatric Patients
Authors: Skvortsova R. D. , Аnisimova K. А. , Popova K. А. , Pavlova V. А. , Kulikov А. N. , Vasilevsky D. I. , Balandov S. G. , Zaripova Z. А. , Kazachenko А. А. , Rabik Yu. D. , Razumovskaya T. S.
Published: January 2022

Identification of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and high respiratory risk, optimization of the screening algorithm for these patients and administration of preventive non-invasive lung ventilation, makes it possible to prevent the development of perioperative complications, reduce duration of hospital stay and reduce mortality in patients undergoing surgery and bariatric surgery specifically.The objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of STOP-BANG questionnaire for preventive targeted respiratory therapy to reduce the risk of complications in bariatric patients. Subjects and Methods. We examined 60 patients with BMI above 30 kg/m2 referred to elective secondary surgery, the age made 44.2 ± 10.1 years, 23 men and 37 women. Before the operation, patients underwent STOP-BANG questionnaire survey, night respiratory monitoring with the calculation of the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and/or saturation during sleep. The standard preoperative examination included clinical and biochemical analyzes.Results. Based on results of STOP-BANG survey, a correlation was revealed between the score and AHI as well as the score and average saturation. The higher score the patients had according to the STOP-BANG questionnaire, the higher AHI was (r = 0.4748, p = 0.002), and the lower mean SpO2 was (r = -0.6958, p < 0.001). Using the ROC analysis, we chose the optimal threshold value - 4 points according to STOP-BANG questionnaire, where the sensitivity of the method was 93% for the AHI, the specificity was 56%, and for the average saturation it was 100% and 63%, respectively. Of the total number of bariatric patients included in the study, 30% required preventive ventilation. In the high respiratory risk group, no significant intraoperative incidents and deaths were reported by the surgical and anesthetic teams. All patients were discharged on time (5‒7 days). Based on the results, a screening procedure has been offered for bariatric patients with high respiratory risk associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Conclusion. The STOP-BANG questionnaire is a reliable screening tool for high respiratory risk in morbid obese patients. Early diagnosis of high respiratory risk and implementation of preventive ventilation reduces the incidence of perioperative respiratory and cardiovascular complications.
Central Noninvasive Hemodynamics in Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia with Expansion of the Epidural Space in Obese Patients
Authors: Davydov N. V. , Trukhanova I. G. , Gureev А. D. , Kutyreva Yu. G.
Published: January 2022

The objective: to substantiate the safety of using combined spinal epidural anesthesia with expansion of the epidural space in hernioplasty in obese patients.Subjects and Methods. Hemodynamic parameters were studied in 100 obese patients who underwent elective hernioplasty of the anterior abdominal wall using the neuroaxial block of two types ‒ combined spinal epidural anesthesia with epidural volume extension (CSEA with EVE) and spinal anesthesia (SA). The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 60) ‒ patients operated under combined spinal epidural anesthesia with the epidural volume extension, Group 2 (n = 40) ‒ patients operated under spinal anesthesia. The assessment of changes in main parameters of central hemodynamics, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and cardiac index (CI) was performed using the Estimated Continuous Cardiac Output technology based on the measurement of pulse wave transit time.Results. It was revealed that in Group 1 patients, the listed parameters fluctuated slightly during the entire follow-up period. The average values were: SV 76.4 ± 0.37 ml, CO 5.8 ± 0.04 l/min, CI 3.56 ± 0.03 l/min/m2. In patients of Group 2, there was an increase in SV by 35.5%, CO by 24.2%, and CI by 23.6% at minutes 2-4 of the regional blockade.Conclusions. The most obvious fluctuations in hemodynamic parameters are observed in the group of patients who underwent spinal anesthesia using relatively high doses of local anesthetic. When using CSEA with EVE with low doses of bupivacaine, stable hemodynamic parameters are noted with a constant level of the neuroaxial block.
A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPREAD OF ISLAM IN WEST AFRICA UNTIL 11TH CENTURY CE
Authors:   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Mohd Amirol Ashraf Wan Mohd Badruddin Wan , Azraai Jamsari Ezad ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari Mohamad ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Suryani Mat Resad Izziah ,   Research Centre for Arabic Language and Islamic Civilization, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia., Hafiz Safiai Mohd ,   Research Centre for Sharia, Faculty of Islamic Studies& Institute of Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Published: January 2022

Islam spread in the African continent in phases and in different ages. The process occurred through either expansion of Muslim power as in North Africa, or trading as happened in West Africa. Falola argued that the process of spreading Islam in West Africa generally occurred peacefully through trading and preaching. In that regard, the purpose of this article is to examine the process of spreading Islam in West Africa until the 11th century CE. On the whole, this article is a qualitative research using historical study and content analysis to gather and analyse information from relevant primary and secondary sources. Research findings argue that initial contact of Muslims with the West African region began since the century 1H/7CE. From this contact, Islam began to be introduced to the inhabitants of West Africa through trade from the 2H/8CE century. This research finds that at the end of 4H/10CE and early 5H/11CE centuries, Islam was accepted by the ruling class of West African kingdoms, such as the conversion of rulers of Kanem, Songhay, Takrur and Malal. However, there were also West African rulers who did not embrace Islam such as the ruler of Ghana. Nevertheless, Muslims who resided in their territories were well-treated. Later on, this helped to spread Islam in these territories.
What is the Gaming Lifestyle?
Authors: Machado Dutra Matheus José
Published: January 2022

This research explored the topic of lifestyle in the ambit of gaming. A total of 711 valid respondents from 67 countries took part in a questionnaire designed to gather information about the Gaming Lifestyle (GLS). The objective was to identify what game-related practices, habits, attitudes, and beliefs characterized this way of living. The exploratory factor analysis was employed to uncover underlying factors that could answer this question. Results pointed that Six Factors influence the GLS: competition, media, microtransactions, marketing and communication, socialization, and enjoyment. This paper contributes to the field of game studies by deepening our understanding of how gamers are impacted by in-game and out-game daily experiences.
Email Analysis in Fraud Investigation: Digital Forensic and Network Analysis Approach
Authors: Baroto Wishnu Agung
Published: January 2022

Email is an imperative method of communication that is changing the way people share their data and information. It provides effective and efficient communication, especially in business, convenience, and easy access and replication. Those electronic data should be considered by a fraud investigator to comprehend the investigation. Email can be divided into two parts: the head of the email and the email body. The head of the email is metadata that consists of unstructured data, and the body and its attachment consist of semi-structured data. The email data usually comes in large volumes and ranges of types. Therefore, a manual investigation of an email should be avoided. This paper uses the Design Science Research Methodology to discover the most profound framework in an email fraud investigation. Using email metadata and email body, this research performs a digital forensic framework: preparation, gathering, processing, and presentation, combines with social network analysis to be applicable in the investigation. The result shows that digital forensics process, network analysis, data visualization provides a more valuable and comprehensive insight into email analysis.
Analysis of the Effect of Sharia Compliance and Islamic Corporate Governance on Fraud in Islamic Banks in Indonesia 2017-2019
Authors: Milenia Hidayah Fazrin , Pratiwi Silvia Siska , Syafei Ade Wirman , Rahmi Asri Noer
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the occurrence of fraud in Islamic banks in Indonesia. Measurement of fraud in Islamic banks is based on the number of internal frauds that occur in the financial year. The population in this study is Islamic banks in Indonesia for the period 2017-2019. The sample is selected using purposive sampling method and the number of samples obtained is 24 samples. The data used in this study are secondary data in the form of financial reports and corporate governance reports. Data analysis is performed using classical assumption tests and regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that Islamic corporate governance has a significant effect on internal fraud in Islamic banks in Indonesia. Meanwhile, partially the profit sharing ratio and Islamic investment ratio do not have a significant effect on internal fraud in Islamic banks in Indonesia. Islamic banking must comply with accounting standards and Auditing Organizations for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) to minimize fraud in operations.
The Role of Independend Commisioners in Moderating the Effect of Profitability, Company Size and Company Risk on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Asih Kurnia Laras , Darmawati Deni
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the the role of Independent Commissioners in moderating the effect of profitability, company size, and company risk on tax avoidance in manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2016-2018 with a total of 77 companies. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling technique with a total observation are of 231 firm-years. With multiple regression analysis, this research showed that the Company’s Profitability and Risk had a significant positive effect on Tax Avoidance, while Company Size did not have a significant effect on Tax Avoidance. The Independent Commissioners succeeded in weakening the positive influence of profitability and company risk on tax avoidance.This research succeeds in proving that as a component of the corporate governance mechanism, the Independent Commissioner has a role in supervising managerial decisions, including tax decision.
Exploring the ‘Free-Corruption Zone’ Award using the Theory of Change among the Indonesian National Police: A Case Study of Gowa Resort Police
Authors: Dirgantara Ardian
Published: January 2022

The current study aimed to address the nature of the programme of the “Free-Corruption Zone” Award, and whether the competition lessened the corruption. The study employed a qualitative method using exploratory approach on Gowa Resort Police. The Gowa Resort Police was selected as it had already been granted the ‘Free-Corruption Zone’ Award twice. The collected data were interviews, legal regulations, and state documents. The evaluation were carried out by doingsurveys contain the supporting and field components. The results yield that the inadequency of socialisation occurred, and a deterioration became barriers to the success of the competition. Further, the study offered recommendations according to the diagnosis tree and the Theory of Change to be engaged later by the INP, the MABR, and other public sectors.
THE PROBLEM OF PLANT NAMES’ LATIN SCIENTIFIC EQUIVALENTS IN OLD ANATOLIAN TURKISH MEDICAL MANUSCRIPT STUDIES
Authors: ÇELİK Anıl
Published: January 2022

Vocabulary studies are of significant importance for linguistic and cultural
research because the worldview of a society is hidden in the verbal repertoire of
its language. In studies on medical texts of the Old Anatolian Turkish period,
it has been determined that there are errors and inconsistencies in the Latin
equivalents of the plant names. The aim of this article is to reveal the true
Latin equivalents of the plant names whose Latin equivalents are given
incorrectly. To achieve this aim, we determined the sample selected by
evaluating the forms in the indexes and dictionaries of fourteen Old Anatolian
Turkish medical manuscript studies. Through this sample, we have attempted
both to examine the reasons for the related discrepancies, as well as put forth
solutions on how to eliminate them were evaluated. Such inconsistencies not
only mislead scholars but also present them numerous challenges when it
comes to further research. One of the aims of the study is to draw attention to
such difficulties and discuss the measures that can be taken on the relevant
issue.
DEDE KORKUT’UN DİLİ
Authors: HERKMEN Dilek
Published: January 2022

Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin Ḳitāb-ı Dedem Ḳorḳud ʻAlā Lisān-ı Tāʼife-i Oġuzān (Dresden nüshası) ve Ḥikāyet-i Oġuz-nāme-yi Ḳazan Beg ve Ġayrı (Kazan nüshası) adlarını taşıyan iki nüshası bulunmaktadır. Ses ve şekil özellikleri dikkate alınarak Eski Anadolu Türkçesi eserleri arasında değerlendirilen Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin dili hakkında araştırmacılar değerlendirmeler yapmışlardır. Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin Doğu Anadolu ve Azerbaycan sahasını yansıttığı; Oğuz-Kıpçak dil özellikleri gösterdiği ifade edilmiştir. 15-16. yüzyıllarda yazıldığı tahmin edilen Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin dili için yapılan değerlendirmelere leksikolojik araştırmalar katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu amaçla Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin söz varlığına ait sözcüklerden genel Türkçe sözlükte yer almayıp sadece Anadolu ağızlarında yaşayanlar tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu sözcükler Anadolu ağızlarının sınıflandırılmasında kullanılan ölçütlere göre değerlendirilmiştir. Eski Anadolu Türkçesinin ağızları tasniflerinde belirlenen ölçütlere göre Dede Korkut metninin ses ve şekil özellikleri bakımından Orta Anadolu, Orta ve Batı ağızlarının özelliklerini yansıttığı ve Azerbaycan sahası özelliklerini gösterdiği anlaşılmaktadır. Dede Korkut hikâyelerinin Anadolu ağızlarında yaşayan söz varlığının ise Orta Anadolu, Batı Anadolu, Batı ve Orta Karadenizi de içine bir alana yayıldığı görülür.
TÜRKİYE TÜRKÇESİNDE YERLEŞTİRME ADLARI: HASAN ALİ TOPTAŞ ROMANLARI ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÜNVER ÖZDOĞAN Hande
Published: January 2022

Uzam kavramı cisimlerin, varlıkların birbirine göre boşluk, mahâl, mevki, yön, mesafe yani konum boyutuyla anlatılıyorsa uzay; insanla iç içe oluşuyla anlatılıyorsa mekân; coğrafi manada anlatılıyorsa yer ifadesi taşır. Dolayısıyla uzam, dilde hem varlığın, eşyanın yerleşmesini anlatan konumlamayı hem de konumlanan nesnelerin, varlıkların içinde bulunduğu inşa edilmiş mekânları ya da doğal coğrafi yerleri açıklar. Uzamın konum ifadesinde yerleştirme ön plandadır. Yerleştirmede ise uzamsal konuma sahip bir varlığın başka bir varlık aracılığıyla anlatılmasıyla uzamsal ilişki ortaya çıkarır. Buna göre yerleştirme için a. yerleştirilen varlık b. yerleştirmede işaret olarak kullanılan varlık c. bu varlıklar arasındaki ilişki gereklidir. Bir varlığın diğerine göre yerleştirilmesi ise varlığın sahip olduğu özelliklere ve yerleştirilmenin durumuna göre çeşitli yerleştirme adlarıyla gerçekleşir. Bu çalışmada Hasan Ali Toptaş’a ait “Kuşlar Yasına Gider”, “Bin Hüzünlü Haz” ve “Sonsuzluğa Nokta” adlı romanlar derlem olarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada, romanlarda yer alan yerleştirme adlarının bağlam içerisinde dilbilgisel uzama nasıl hizmet ettiği incelenmektedir. Böylece Türkiye Türkçesindeki yerleştirme adları, bu yerleştirme adlarının söyleme katkısı, kullanım biçimleri ve sıklıklarına dair bilgi vermek amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada uzamsal ilişkilerde yerleşmeyi betimleyen yerleştirme sözcükleri, içsel ve dışsal olmak üzere iki başlıkta incelenmiştir. Buna göre Türkiye Türkçesinde içsel yerleştirme sözcükleri, dışsal yerleştirme sözcüklerine göre daha çok yer almaktadır ve yerleşmeyi daha somut olarak ifade etmektedir.
İSTİKLAL MARŞI’NIN A. H. TANPINAR’IN SAATLERİ AYARLAMA ENSTİTÜSÜ ROMANI ÜZERİNE YANSIMALARI
Authors: KALPAKLI Fatma
Published: January 2022

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın ünlü eseri, Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü’nün anlatıcısı ve ana karakteri olan Hayri İrdal, Zarife halasının Laterjik uykudan uyanma sahnesini “[k]ötürüm halam, öleceği beklenen, ölen halam, yardımsız yürüyor, koşa koşa merdivenlerden çıkıyordu” (Tanpınar, 2019, s.66) diyerek okuyucuya aktarır. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın ünlü eseri Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü’nde, zihinlerimizde “yeniden dirilme” sahnesi ile tabutun kapağını açıp dışarı çıkarak tüm akrabalarını ve okuyucuyu şaşkınlık içinde bırakan hala karakterinin, aslında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun artık sonu geldiğine inanıldığı bir dönemde, küllerinden yeniden doğarak Türkiye Cumhuriyeti olarak dirilmesini sembolize ettiği kanaatindeyiz. Zarife hala karakterinin yeniden dirilme sahnesi incelendiğinde ise milli şairimiz Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un ve İstiklal Marşımız’ın, Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü romanı üzerinde yer yer etkileri görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada, İstiklal Marşımızın kabulünün yüzüncü yılı vesilesiyle Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un ve İstiklal Marşımızın Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Saatleri Ayarlama Ensitüsü romanı üzerindeki etkileri mercek altına alınacaktır.
NÂZIM HİKMET ŞİİRİNDE EKFRASİS
Authors: ANAR Turgay
Published: January 2022

Sessiz sanat eserleri ve nesnelerine dil içinde konuşma kabiliyeti vermek şeklinde kısaca tanımlayabileceğimiz ekfrasis, Türkçeye “sözedökme” şeklinde çevrilebilen bir kelimedir. Bu kelime aslında kavramın “göz merkezli” Batı medeniyeti içinde ortaya çıkmasıyla doğrudan ilgilidir. Ekfrasis bu açıdan, sanat eserleri, eşya ve şeylerle dilin göstergelerarası bir iletişim kurmasıdır. Batı medeniyetinde ekfrasis, daha çok “ut pictura poesis” ifadesiyle kendine köklü bir zemin oluşturmuştur. Bu zemin, bir sanat ve yazma tekniği olması açısından onu işlevsel bir şekle getiren çeşitli örneklerle yaygınlık kazanmıştır. Makalede ekfrasis’in ortaya çıkış süreci, önemli dönüm noktaları, bu tecrübe ilgili önemli eserlere kısaca değinildikten sonra ekfrasisin edebiyatta nasıl kullanıldığı örneklenmiştir. Ekfrasis, görsel sanat eserleri ile edebiyatın göstergelerarası iletişimini sağladığından son yıllarda çok farklı uygulamalarla edebiyatın da zenginleşmesine hizmet etmektedir. Makalede, Türk edebiyatının geçmiş yüzyıldaki önemli şairlerinden biri olan Nâzım Hikmet’in şiirindeki görselliğe odaklanarak ekfrasis’in onun şiirlerinde nasıl karşımıza çıktığı, bu tekniğin onun şiirlerine nasıl yansıdığı ve bunların hem şairin kendi şiirine hem de Türk edebiyatına etkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Nâzım Hikmet’in bütün şiirleri içinde görsel sanat eserlerinden kaynaklanan ekfrastik şiirler onun şiirindeki görsellikle ilgili okurlara farklı ipuçları verir. Ekfrasis, Nâzım Hikmet şiirinin güçlü yönlerini anlamayı kolaylaştırması açısından önemlidir. Onun şiirlerinde, doğrudan görsel sanat eserlerinden kaynaklanan ekfrastik nitelikli toplam on şiir vardır. Elimizdeki mevcut bilgilere göre Nâzım Hikmet, Türk edebiyat tarihinde bir kitabın kapağına ekfrastik nitelikli ilk şiiri yazan şairdir. Onun Bir Şiir Kitabının Kapak Resmi başlıklı eseri, edebiyat tarihimizde bu türdeki ilk ekfrastik şiir olması açısında değerlidir. Ayrıca onun Jokond ile Si-Ya-U kitabı, Türk edebiyat tarihinde ilk defa bütünüyle ekfrastik özelliğe sahip ilk şiir kitabıdır.
NASÎHAT-NÂME TÜRÜNDE BİR ESER: KASÎDE-İ ŞİNÂSİ
Authors: SEVİNÇ Fırat
Published: January 2022

Türk edebiyatında birçok nasîhat-nâme bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan bazıları müstakil tarzda eserlerdir. Bazıları da manzum veya mensur eserlerin içerisinde yer alır. Bugüne kadar her iki manada birçok nasîhat-nâme tespit edilmiş ve Latin harflerine aktarılmıştır. Ahlaki, dinî ve didaktik mesajlar içeren manzum nasîhat-nâmelerde kullanılan nazım şekilleri genellikle mesnevi, kaside ve terci-i benttir. Bunlardan en çok tercih edileni mesnevidir. Diğer nazım şekilleriyle yazılan nasîhat-nâmelere ender rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ele alınan nasîhat-nâme kaside nazım şekliyle yazılmıştır. Kasidenin aruz kalıbı (mefāᶜìlün / mefāᶜìlün / mefāᶜìlün / mefāᶜìlün) şeklindedir. Eser 274 beyitten oluşmaktadır.

17. Yüzyılda yazılan eserde eski Anadolu Türkçesinin dil özellikleri görülmektedir. Eser baştan sona kadar dinî, tasavvufi ve ahlaki nasihatlar içermektedir. Kasîde-i Şinâsi başlıklı nasîhat-nâme Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın Yazma Eserler Kütüphanesi’nde İman Manzumesi adlı eserin baş kısmında bulunmaktadır. Nasîhat-nâme Arap harflerinden Latin harflerine aktarıldıktan sonra eserin dil, şekil ve muhteva özellikleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Eserden hareketle Şinâsi’nin düşünceleriyle ilgili bazı tespitler yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız Kasîde-i Şinâsi başlıklı nasîhat-nâmeyi tanıtmaktır.
KLASİK EDEBİYATTA ÇOK BİLİNMEYEN BİR TÜR OLARAK RÛZ-NÂME VE MÜELLİFİ BİLİNMEYEN BİR ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇAKIN Mehmet Burak
Published: January 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatı daha çok nazım üzerine kurulu bir edebiyattır. Bu edebiyat geleneği içerisinde anlatılmak istenen hemen her şey manzum olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu sebeple farklı konuları işleyen birçok türde çokça manzum eser verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, klasik edebiyatta örneklerine az rastlanan ve çok bilinmeyen rûz-nâme türü ve türe ait bir örnek konu edilmiştir. Farsçada günlük yazı anlamına gelen “rûz-nâme” kelimesi, Türk tarih ve kültüründe; günlük olayların yazıldığı defter, yevmiye defteri, takvim, gündem, ordunun seferi sırasında meydana gelen olayların ve gelişmelerin günü gününe yazıldığı defter, günlük gazete gibi çok değişik türlerin adı olarak kullanılmıştır. Bunların haricinde örneklerine çok az rastlanan ve az bilinen edebî bir türün adı olarak da kullanıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Ay veya haftanın günlerini konu alan rûz-nâme adlı edebî türde, günün belli zamanlarına belli gök cisimlerinin tesiri ve ilgili zamanlarda neleri yapmanın iyi ve kötü olduğu anlatılmaktadır.Çalışmanın konusu olan eser, Ankara Adnan Ötüken İl Halk Kütüphanesi Koleksiyonu’nda, 06 Hk 437/4 demirbaş numarası ile kayıtlıdır. 84 varaklık eserin 31b-36b varaklarında yer alan rûz-nâmede haftanın yedi günü konu edilmiştir. Rûz-nâmede gündüzler tan, kuşluk, gün zevali, öğle, beyne’s- salateyn, ikindi, gün batımı; geceler ise mağrib, ‘işâ, ‘işâ’eyn, nısfu’l-lely, sülüseyn, sülüsü’l-âhir ve fecr olarak yedi zaman dilimine bölünmüştür. Bu zaman dilimlerine haftanın hangi gününde hangi gök cisminin hâkim olduğu söylenerek o zamanda yapılması faydalı ve zararlı olan işler anlatılmıştır.
Salim Barakat’s novel, Sages of Darkness: “Who is Benav’s son Bekas?”
Authors: BUTT Aviva
Published: January 2022

In his novel Sages of Darkness (Fuqahā’ al-Ẓalām), we encounter Salim Barakat as a writer of psychological realism, which this paper attempts to show by a comparison to Fyodor Dostoevsky’s ground-breaking novel Crime and Punishment (1866). Barakat’s main protagonist is a Kurdish Sufi Mullah, a protector of his rural community in al-Qamishli, Jazira in Ottoman times. With the sudden appearance of “dried up fields,” Mullah Benav carries on with his undertone of murmured prayer and reliance on the techniques of Kurdish Sufi practice (somewhat similar to Jewish Kabbalistic practice) to solve the problem. And then, lo and behold, a fantastical event occurs with the birth of a baby son whom the Mullah calls “Bekas.” Sages of Darkness has five long chapters of approximately fifty pages each, comparable to the original serial publication of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment. It introduces an aside on the psychological cause and result of child molestation by respected personages within the society and especially within the education system. The present paper uses quotations from the first fifty pages of Sages of Darkness. Long passages from the book are quoted because no English translation has as yet been published. I anticipate completing the translation in about 7 months.
Evolution of Concept “Black” in the US Media Discourse
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Melnichuk Tatiana , Saburova Natalia ,   North-Eastern Federal University
Published: January 2022

Media discourse is an effective tool for projecting and shaping the public perception of a certain idea or image. The article focuses on the linguistic and semantic representation of the concept “Black” in the American media discourse with a particular attention to how the concept representation has evolved from the 1990s to 2010s. The study employed corpus methodology (keyness, frequency, concordances) to analyze news articles from “The New York Times” and “The Los Angeles Times”, which were arranged into three corpora according to the publication date (1990s, 2000s, 2010s). The corpus analysis established a number of changes in the concept “Black” representation manifested primarily through the high relevance keywords and high frequency collocations. Dominant semantic components were identified in the concept representation in each corpus, as well as notable shifts in core and peripheral aspects within these semantic components. The analysis showed that although the semantic components ‘racial / ethnic inequality’ and ‘economic issues’ remain at the core of the concept in each corpus, they are expressed through connections with other semantic components which may vary throughout three decades, such as ‘culture’ in the 1990s, ‘education’ and ‘politics’ in the 2000s and ‘police brutality and profiling’ and ‘appearance’ in the 2010s.
Learning Styles of Saudi ESP Students
Authors:   English Language Unit, Preparatory Year Deanship (PYD), Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia, Nasim Saleem Mohd , Mujeeba Syeda
Published: January 2022

Explorations in learning styles have proved the significance of the ways students approach, assimilate, and process information. Students’ perceptions and their organization influence the quality of language learning and guide them towards autonomy, too. This study attempts to identify the preferred perceptual learning styles of 86 Saudi English for Specific Purposes (ESP) female students in the Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia. To accomplish this aim, a Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ) developed by Joy Reid (1987) was used. The results showed that the participants’ major learning styles were Kinesthetic, Group, Auditory, Visual, and Tactile, whereas their minor style was Individual. The analysis of the data also revealed that the most preferred learning style was the Kinesthetic learning style (18.64%, M=4.42), and the least preferred one was the Individual learning style (14.30%, M=3.39). The second to fifth place belonged to Group (17.19%, M=4.07), Auditory (16.81%, M=3.98), Visual (16.55%, M=3.92) and Tactile (16.52%, M=3.91) learning styles. The findings have implications for teachers, syllabus designers, and researchers to take into consideration students’ preferred learning styles for language learning while teaching, changes in the learning environment, and material adaptation.
English Speaking Skill and Indian Undergraduate ESL Learners: Interleaving or Block Practice?
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Dept of English, Tezpur University, Kakoti Sujata , Doley Sarat Kumar ,   Asst. Prof, Dept of English, Tezpur University
Published: January 2022

Recent studies showed that compared to practicing language skills in A stepwise manner over a period known as block practice, mixing the units of learning, and making them less predictable by presenting them randomly to the language learners, known as interleaving, may prove to be a more effective approach to language teaching (Finkbeiner&Nicol, 2003; Schneider et al., 1998, 2002; Miles, 2014; Nakata, 2015). This paper is an attempt at reporting the findings of a 24-day long experimental study on the pedagogical effect of the interleaving and block practice approach to language learning (speaking skill in the present context) on undergraduate English as a second (ESL) learner. The teaching experimentation was done online on 36 undergraduate learner participants at the School of Sciences in Tezpur University during the Autumn Semester, 2020-21. The interleaving group showed slightly better language pedagogical results in speaking skills in English than the block practice group. It is, however, stated that the difference in performance was not found to be statistically significant. The performance of the two groups across the four micro-skills of speaking in English identified as interaction, pronunciation, fluency & coherence, and vocabulary & grammar remained static within the duration of the experimentation. Additionally, the groups did not demonstrate any significant difference in their L2 attitude and motivation over time.
A Survey of Using YouTube as Supplementary Material with University English Language Learners in Vietnam: A Replication Study
Authors:   Creative Language Center, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Huy Pham Minh , Baker John R. ,   Faculty of Foreign Languages, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Nhi Khanh
Published: January 2022

There is a growing body of international literature that has shown positive student perceptions of using YouTube as a source of supplementary teaching and learning material. The literature further shows that YouTube use in Vietnamese educational settings is growing. However, empirical investigations in this region are lacking. As such, the question arises whether international studies’ results may be generalizable to this context. However, no replication studies have been undertaken to explore this. This mixed-methods external approximate replication of the seminal work in this field (Kelsen, 2009) was conducted to address this gap. The triangulated results (descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, qualitative interpretation) demonstrated that the current study showed markedly more positive perceptions than the initial study. Following this, it is suggested that, while the initial study is historically important, generalizability may not be transferable to the current Vietnamese context. It is further suggested the current study’s results are employed as a reference for this context and a starting point for future investigations and discussions. The results’ relevancy to the broader Asian context and suggestions for further study are also discussed.
Exploring the Effects of Blended Learning using WhatsApp on Language Learners’ Lexical Competence
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India., Kaur Divya Jyot , Saraswat Niraja ,   Assistant Prof., Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India., Alvi Irum ,   Assistant Prof., Department of Humanities, English and Applied Sciences (HEAS), Rajasthan Technical University, Kota, 324022, Rajasthan, India.
Published: January 2022

In the wake of COVID-19, online learning has achieved new dimensions and affected all fields of education. As such, one of the emerging fields of ELT is Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). The proposed study adapts the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to identify factors influencing students’ behavioral intention towards WhatsApp for enhancing lexical competence. Three constructs, namely, performance expectancy, social influence, & hedonic motivation, are adopted from the original model, and two new constructs: perceived relevance and collaborative learning are added. A questionnaire was administered to 203 undergraduate students from select Institutes in Rajasthan. Smart-PLS (ver. 3.2.9) and IBM SPSS (ver. 26) are used for data analysis. Empirical testing confirms the significant relationship of social influence (?=.274, p=.002), hedonic motivation (?=0.639, p=.000), and perceived relevance (?=0.138, p=.035) with the behavioral intention to use WhatsApp for enhancing lexical competence; and performance expectancy and collaborative learning are proved as insignificant predictors of behavioral intention. The findings should aid decision-makers in developing ELT practices and teachers in opting for innovative approaches for the benefit of language learners. The originality of the study stems from the inclusion of external factors in the UTAUT model. The ramifications for MALL theory and practice have been examined in light of these findings.
A Kaleidoscopic Gaze of India through Julio Barrenechea’s oeuvre
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Doon University, Dehradun, India., Shikha Mala , Ranjan Ranjeeva ,   Assistant Professor, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
Published: January 2022

Latin American intellectuals have included India in their imagination since the advent of Modernism, a turn-of-the-century movement in the early 20th century. Nevertheless, the idea of India in Latin American imagination has been primarily mediated through a rather fixed European lens. Within the body of Latin American scholarly encounters, the works of Julio Barrenechea are worth mentioning. They have not been critically examined extensively in academia. The present study is an attempt to reflect upon the works of the author that resulted from his experiences during his sojourn as the Ambassador of Chile in India. He wrote Sol de la India, which was published in 1969 in New Delhi, during his stay in India. Another work titled La India no misteriosa based on his Indian experience was published posthumously in 1982 in Santiago. The first work is a collection of poems while the latter is in prose. Barrenechea has described with grace and sympathy the spiritual greatness of India but at the same time, he engaged critically with the distressing social and economic realities of the nation. In the present study, the researchers analyze the theme of his works encompassing India, which as such incorporate an essentially “Chilean gaze”.
A New Airport in Mexico: Feasibility of Socialist Style Infrastructure in a Private Capital Economy
Authors:   Autonomous University of Queretaro., Mukherjee Budhaditya
Published: January 2022

This paper is based on the positive correlation between projects of infrastructure developed by the government, and the indicators of general well-being of populations in adjoining areas where such constructive changes have been effected. To study the multifactorial effects of the development of a welfare state, we have studied the economic projections associated with the construction of AIFA (Felipe Angeles International Airport), a new airport in Mexico, which was undertaken completely as a government-funded project and developed as a national infrastructure project by the military establishment. Information on projected investments and downstream investments and local employment from the Secretary of Agrarian Development and Tourism (SEDATU) and the Secretary of Public Finances (Forbes) for the new airport AIFA are compared and analyzed with similar projects in other privately developed infrastructure projects and their calculated impact in order to suggest how well-being (achieved through such indices as employment and the generation of micro-enterprises) would pan out for the economy in the State of Mexico, where the new public-funded projects are envisioned. Projections based on available information suggest that the construction of a public infrastructure module can be achieved under economic constraints, focusing on lower spending from the public budget; however, there is a lack of information and transparent policy decisions to indicate growth for entrepreneurs in the local economy, and neither any projected information on opportunities of further private or public investments associated with the airport. A socialist-style public investment project, engineered by the state military, may need more transparency and engagement on behalf of entrepreneurs.
Implementation of Tax Incentives to Avoid Unemployment Caused by the Economic Situation due to the COVID-19 Health Emergency in Mexico
Authors:   Autonomous University of Queretaro., Salazar Mariangel
Published: January 2022

Since the end of March 2020 millions, as the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a health emergency, working people had to stay at home, telework or had to face consequences of the crisis such as low wages or layoffs.[i] In Mexico unemployment became a major problem for the economy. Although the country took measures to contain the imp act of the pandemic on the labor market, these have not been sufficient; the development and implementation of activities that create incentive or promotions are indispensable components of the recovery or sustainability of industries in times of crisis[ii]. According to Article 25 of the Political Constitution of Mexico[iii], the State is responsible for guiding national development and ensure that it is comprehensive and sustainable; the State shall, according to the Constitutional provision, ensure the stability of public finances and the financial system to help generate favorable conditions for economic growth and employment[iv]. I shall argue however that the fiscal policies implemented to contribute as determining factors in the sector of growing unemployment due to the COVID-19 pandemic have not been adequate even though the optimal measures were being taken under a more socialist system of governance in place during the two years.
Digital Dose of Didactics: Reinforcing Patriarchy through Moral Stories on YouTube
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept. of English, University of Hyderabad., U. Gopika Sankar
Published: January 2022

Should girls get a formal education? Should women earn? And who should handle the money they earn, if at all? Can a woman’s personality be tied to learning and earning? These questions may be easily overlooked in the 21st century, when women have forayed into almost all possible careers. However, these and more questions related to women’s education, employment and empowerment find clear answers in the so-called moral stories in Hindi and other Indian languages, one finds on YouTube these days. The paper analyzes a selection of such stories centered on women and argues how these ‘moral stories’ ultimately emerge as schemes to keep the patriarchal structure alive by creating an easily accessible digital repository, and end up patronizing women in the pretext of empowering them. The paper focuses particularly on the idea of ‘moral’ these stories contain and argues that the moral messages they convey are actually detrimental to the empowerment of women as their deep structures work to cement the foundations of patriarchy.
Organizational culture as moderating the influence of internal control and community participation on fraud prevention in village fund management during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Putra I Made Yoga Darma , Rasmini Ni Ketut , Gayatri Gayatri , Ratnadi Ni Made Dwi
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine organizational culture in moderating the influence of internal control and community participation on fraud prevention in managing village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample of this study was 27 villages in the province of Bali with 3 villages in each district/city having the highest Village Fund Direct Cash Assistance so that there were 161 respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Results show that internal control and community participation have a positive effect on preventing fraud in managing village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results also show that organizational culture strengthens the influence of internal control and community participation on fraud prevention in managing village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic. This shows that the better internal control and community participation which is strengthened by organizational culture, the prevention of fraud in the management of village funds during the COVID-19 pandemic will be better.
Guidelines for the development of tourism for tourists with different demographic characteristics in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Authors: Kanittinsutitong Nutworadee , Wang Arunee Bi A , Taihiam Nutjaree , Somwong Sunisa , Nooring Wipharat , Inkaew Amondech
Published: January 2022

The purposes of this research were to compare demographic characteristics and motivations of tourists as a push factor and a pull factor, to assess the potential of the tourism components, and to propose guidelines for the development of tourism for tourists with different demographic characteristics in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. It was collected information from four hundred Thai tourists who traveled to the tourist attraction in Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Then it was analyzed using statistical, descriptive, mean, standard deviation, t-Test One-Way ANOVA interpretation, and qualitative research by Non-participant observation of the five tourism components (5A). It found that the samples with different genders, ages, monthly incomes, and domiciles had different tourism behaviors, but the samples with different marital statuses do not have different tourism behaviors. The main reason for traveling to Sichon District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province was the need for change and self-development, followed by the response to private needs. In terms of pull factors, it found that the samples focused on tourist attractions at a high level, followed by amenities, access, accommodations, and activities were at moderate to high.
Analysis of Soil Primary Macro Nutrient Status in Agricultural Land, Tabundung District, East Sumba Regency
Authors: Nganji Marten Umbu , Jawang Uska Peku
Published: January 2022

Agricultural land is land that can affect agricultural productivity. Land, which is part of land resources, is the main component in the production of agricultural commodities. In supporting the productivity of agricultural commodities, there must be sufficient nutrients in the soil. Tabundung sub-regency is a producer of food crops, livestock and fisheries. As the main producer in the agricultural sector, the production of agricultural crops is not proportional to the total area of harvested land, meaning that the productivity of agricultural crops is not optimal if it is based on harvested area. The study was conducted in Tarimbang Village, Proud Watu and Tapil Regency of Tabundung. The method used in this research was survey technique and soil sampling was carried out in a composite manner. Soil samples were analyzed at the Nusa Cendana University Laboratory, Kupang. Primary data analyzed were elements of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), organic carbon (C), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and pH. The results showed that the overall nutrient status of N, P, and K were in the medium, high and very high categories, but there were some sample points that were in the low category for macronutrients N and P. While the concentrations of organic C, CEC and pH were overall generally in pretty good condition. This condition indicates that the research area provides sufficient nutrients for plant cultivation during the growth and yield of plants, but improvements are needed to overcome macronutrient deficiencies in several observation locations.
Factors Affecting Productivity of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) at Various Afdelings in Bah Jambi Farm PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV
Authors: Harahap Amir Fhad Sastranegara , Munir Mochammad
Published: January 2022

North Sumatra Province, where the second-highest oil palm productivity in Indonesia, has successfully reached fresh fruit bunches (FFB) production of 5,775,631.82 tons in 2016. However, the level of oil palm productivity tends to be unstable and low. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze factors influencing the level of oil palm productivity at the Bah Jambi Plantation PTPN IV, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province. The method used in this study was the qualitative descriptive analysis method by collecting secondary data at research locations at 4 Afdeling Kebun Bah Jambi PT. Nusantara IV Plantation. The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that soil factor such as organic C, soil pH, cation exchange capacity and the availability of soil N, P, K and Mg is the most dominant factors in influencing the amount of oil palm productivity which have determination coefficient (R2) more than 90%. Meanwhile, climate factors such as evapotranspiration, duration of light exposure, wind speed and rainfall have the most role in influencing oil palm productivity which has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 95%, 94%, 88% and 33%.