bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apelin affects the mouse aging urinary peptidome with minimal effects on kidney
Authors: Vinel Claire , Schanstra Joost P. , Boizard Franck , Péreira Ophélie , Auriau Johanna , Dortignac Alizée , Breuil Benjamin , Feuillet Guylène , Nkuipou-Kenfack Esther , Zürbig Petra , Valet Philippe , Bascands Jean-Loup , Dray Cédric , Denis Colette
Published: July 2019

Kidney function is altered by age together with a declined filtration capacity of 5–10% per decade after 35 years. Renal aging shares many characteristics with chronic kidney disease. Plasma levels of the bioactive peptide apelin also decline with age and apelin has been shown to be protective in chronic kidney disease. Therefore we evaluated whether apelin could also improve aging-induced renal lesions and function in mice. Since urine is for the major part composed of proteins and peptides originating from the kidney, we first studied apelin-induced changes, in the aging urinary peptidome. Despite the recently published age-associated plasma decrease of apelin, expression of the peptide and its receptor was increased in the kidneys of 24 months old mice. Twenty-eight days treatment with apelin significantly modified the urinary peptidome of 3 and 24 months old mice towards a signature suggesting more advanced age at 3 months, and a younger age at 24 months. The latter was accompanied by a decreased staining of collagen (Sirius red staining) in 24 months old apelin-treated mice, without changing aging-induced glomerular hypertrophy. In addition, apelin was without effect on aging-induced renal autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation and reduced renal function. In conclusion, treatment of aged mice with apelin had a limited effect on kidney lesions although modifying the urinary peptidome towards a younger signature. This supports evidence of apelin inducing more general beneficial effects on other aging organs, muscles in particular, as recently shown for sarcopenia, markers of which end up via the glomerular filtration in urine.
Production and in vivo PET/CT imaging of the theranostic pair 132/135La
Authors: Aluicio-Sarduy Eduardo , Hernandez Reinier , Olson Aeli P. , Barnhart Todd E. , Cai Weibo , Ellison Paul A. , Engle Jonathan W.
Published: July 2019

The present study describes a novel method for the low energy cyclotron production and radiochemical isolation of no-carrier-added 132/135La3+ from bulk natBa. This separation strategy combines precipitation and single-column extraction chromatography to afford an overall radiochemical yield (92 ± 2%) and apparent molar activity (22 ± 4 Mbq/nmol) suitable for the radiolabeling of DOTA-conjugated vectors. The produced 132/135La3+ has a radiochemical and radionuclidic purity amenable for 132La/135La-based cancer theranostic applications. Longitudinal PET/CT images acquired using the positron-emitting 132La and ex vivo biodistribution data separately corroborated the accumulation of unchelated 132/135La3+ ions in bone and the liver.
Modeling the binding of diverse ligands within the Ah receptor ligand binding domain
Authors: Giani Tagliabue Sara , Faber Samantha C. , Motta Stefano , Denison Michael S. , Bonati Laura
Published: July 2019

The Ah receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor belonging to the basic helix-loop-helix Per-Arnt-Sim (bHLH-PAS) superfamily. Binding to and activation of the AhR by a variety of chemicals results in the induction of expression of diverse genes and production of a broad spectrum of biological and toxic effects. The AhR also plays important roles in several physiological responses, which has led it to become a novel target for the development of therapeutic drugs. Differences in the interactions of various ligands within the AhR ligand binding domain (LBD) may contribute to differential modulation of AhR functionality. We combined computational and experimental analyses to investigate the binding modes of a group of chemicals representative of major classes of AhR ligands. On the basis of a novel computational approach for molecular docking to the homology model of the AhR LBD that includes the receptor flexibility, we predicted specific residues within the AhR binding cavity that play a critical role in binding of three distinct groups of chemicals. The prediction was validated by site-directed mutagenesis and evaluation of the relative ligand binding affinities for the mutant AhRs. These results provide an avenue for understanding ligand modulation of the AhR functionality and for rational drug design.
Tyrosine 51 residue of the syndecan-2 extracellular domain is involved in the interaction with and activation of pro-matrix metalloproteinase-7
Authors: Jang Bohee , Yun Ji-Hye , Choi Sojoong , Park Jimin , Shin Dong Hae , Lee Seung-Taek , Lee Weontae , Oh Eok-Soo
Published: July 2019

Although syndecan-2 is known to interact with the matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), the details of their interaction were unknown. Our experiments with a series of syndecan-2 extracellular domain deletion mutants show that the interaction is mediated through an interaction of the extracellular domain of syndecan-2 (residues 41 to 60) with the α2 helix-loop-α3 helix in the pro-domain of MMP-7. NMR and molecular docking model show that Glu7 of the α1 helix, Glu32 of the α2 helix, and Gly48 and Ser52 of the α2 helix-loop-α3 helix of the MMP-7 pro-domain form the syndecan-2-binding pocket, which is occupied by the side chain of tyrosine residue 51 (Tyr51) of syndecan-2. Consistent with this notion, the expression of a syndecan-2 mutant in which Tyr51 was changed to Ala diminished the interaction between the syndecan-2 extracellular domain and the pro-domain of MMP-7. Furthermore, HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells expressing the interaction-defective mutant exhibited reductions in the cell-surface localization of MMP-7, the processing of pro-MMP-7 into active MMP-7, the MMP-7-mediated extracellular domain shedding of both syndecan-2 and E-cadherin, and syndecan-2-mediated anchorage-independent growth. Collectively, these data strongly suggest that Tyr51 of the syndecan-2 extracellular domain mediates its interaction with and activating processing of pro-MMP-7 and regulates MMP-7-dependent syndecan-2 functions.
Enhanced weathering as a trigger for the rise of atmospheric O2 level from the late Ediacaran to the early Cambrian
Authors: Li Wei-Ping , Zhao Yan-Yan , Zhao Ming-Yu , Zha Xiang-Ping , Zheng Yong-Fei
Published: July 2019

A shift toward a higher oxygen level in both ocean and atmosphere systems during the late Ediacaran to the early Cambrian has been suggested from multiple indirect proxies. However, the mechanism and magnitude of this oxidation remain unclear. To solve this issue, we measured carbon isotopes in both carbonate and organic matter as well as their trace element compositions for an Ediacaran-Cambrian sequence in the Lower Yangtze basin, South China. The δ13Corg and δ13Ccarb excursions of this sequence are coupled and can be compared with contemporaneous global carbon isotope curves. A 2‰ rise in Δ13Ccarb-org occurred from the late Ediacaran to the early Cambrian, suggesting a substantial increase in atmospheric oxygen level from 16% to 30% of the present atmospheric level (PAL). Furthermore, the distribution pattern of rare earth elements and the concentrations of water-insoluble elements in the carbonates indicate a sudden enhancement in chemical weathering of the continental crust during the early Cambrian, which may be a trigger for the rise of atmospheric O2 level. Both the supply of a large amount of nutrients due to the enhanced continental weathering and the contemporary increase of atmospheric oxygen concentrations may have promoted the appearance of large metazoans in the early Cambrian.
Evaluation of cell viability and metabolic activity of a 3D cultured human epidermal model using a dynamic autoradiographic technique with a PET radiopharmaceutical
Authors: Sasaki Toru , Tamaki Junya , Nishizawa Kentaro , Kojima Takahiro , Tanaka Ryoich , Moriya Ryotaro , Sasaki Haruyo , Maruyama Hiroko
Published: July 2019

Quality control of tissues and organs for transplant is important to confirm their safety and effectiveness for regenerative medicine. However, quality evaluation is only carried out using a limited range of inspection criteria, because many of the available evaluation tests are invasive. In order to explore the potential of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG)-bioradiography as a non-invasive test for estimation of the safety, soundness, and effectiveness of tissues for transplantation, [18F]FDG uptake and cell viability or metabolism were investigated using a reconstructed human epidermal model (RHEM). We developed an imaging system, and suitable bioradiographic image acquisition conditions and its effectiveness were investigated. [18F]FDG uptake increased in agreement with DNA content as a marker of cell numbers and for histological assessment during cell proliferation and keratinization. [18F]FDG uptake was significantly decreased in good agreement with the viability of tissues used with various hazardous chemical treatments. [18F]FDG uptake by the tissues was decreased by hypothermia treatment and increased by hypoxia treatment while maintaining cell viability in the tissue. Therefore, [18F]FDG-bioradiography can be useful to estimate cell viability or metabolism in this RHEM. This method might be utilized as a non-invasive test for quality evaluation of tissues for transplantation.
Kinematic Profile of Visually Impaired Football Players During Specific Sports Actions
Authors: Finocchietti Sara , Gori Monica , Souza Oliveira Anderson
Published: July 2019

Blind football, or Football 5-a-side, is a very popular sport amongst visually impaired individuals (VI) worldwide. However, little is known regarding the movement patterns these players perform in sports actions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether visually impaired players present changes in their movement patterns in specific functional tasks compared with sighted amateur football players. Six VI and eight sighted amateur football players performed two functional tasks: (1) 5 m shuttle test and (2) 60 s ball passing against a wall. The sighted players performed the tests while fully sighted (SIG) as well as blindfolded (BFO). During both tasks, full-body kinematics was recorded using an inertial motion capture system. The maximal center-of-mass speed and turning center-of-mass speed were computed during the 5 m shuttle test. Foot resultant speed, bilateral arm speed, and trunk flexion were measured during the 60 s ball passing test. The results showed that VI players achieved lower maximal and turning speed compared to SIG players (p < 0.05), but BFO were slower than the VI players. The VI players presented similar foot contact speed during passes when compared to SIG, but they presented greater arm movement speed (p < 0.05) compared to both SIG and BFO. In addition, VI players presented greater trunk flexion angles while passing when compared to both SIG and BFO (p < 0.05). It is concluded that VI players present slower speed while running and turning, and they adopt specific adaptations from arm movements and trunk flexion to perform passes.
Gcn5 and Rpd3 have a limited role in the regulation of cell cycle transcripts during the G1 and S phases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Kishkevich A. , Cooke S. L. , Harris M. R. A. , de Bruin R. A. M.
Published: July 2019

Activation of cell cycle regulated transcription during the G1-to-S transition initiates S phase entry and cell cycle commitment. The molecular mechanisms involving G1/S transcriptional regulation are well established and have been shown to be evolutionary conserved from yeast to humans. Previous work has suggested that changes to the chromatin state, specifically through histone acetylation, has an important role in the regulation of G1/S transcription in both yeast and human cells. Here we investigate the role of histone acetylation in G1/S transcriptional regulation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our work shows that histone acetylation at specific sites at G1/S target gene promoters peaks at the G1-to-S transition, coinciding with their peak transcription levels. Acetylation at G1/S target promoters is significantly reduced upon deletion of the previously implicated histone acetyltransferase Gcn5, but G1/S cell cycle regulated transcription is largely unaffected. The histone deacetylase Rpd3, suggested to have a role in Whi5-dependent repression, is required for full repression of G1/S target genes in the G1 and S phases. However, in the context of transcriptionally active levels during the G1-to-S transition, this seems to play a minor role in the regulation of cell cycle transcription. Our data suggests that histone acetylation might modulate the amplitude of G1/S cell cycle regulated transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but has a limited role in its overall regulation.
First marine cryptotephra in Antarctica found in sediments of the western Ross Sea correlates with englacial tephras and climate records
Authors: Di Roberto Alessio , Colizza Ester , Del Carlo Paola , Petrelli Maurizio , Finocchiaro Furio , Kuhn Gerhard
Published: July 2019

We report the discovery of an important new cryptotephra within marine sediments close to Cape Hallett (northern Victoria Land), in the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. The cryptotephra is fully characterized for its texture, mineralogy and major- and trace-element data obtained on single glass shards. On the basis of geochemical composition, the cryptotephra is unequivocally correlated with the proximal deposits of an explosive eruption of the poorly known Mount Rittmann volcano, situated in northern Victoria Land. The cryptotephra is also correlated with a widespread tephra layer, which was erupted in 1254 C.E. and is present in numerous ice-cores and blue ice fields across East and West Antarctica. The characteristics of the tephra indicate that it was produced by a prolonged, moderate energy, mostly hydromagmatic eruption. This is the first time that a cryptotephra has been identified in marine sediments of the Ross Sea and in ice cores. It provides an important new and widespread stratigraphical datum with which the continental cryosphere and marine sedimentological records in Antarctica can be correlated. Moreover, from a purely volcanological point of view, the discovery further confirms the occurrence of a long-lasting, significant explosive eruption from Mount Rittmann in historical times that produced abundant widely dispersed fine ash. The study also highlights the inadequacy of current hazard assessments for poorly known volcanoes such as Mount Rittmann, located at high southern latitudes.
Combined multiphoton imaging and biaxial tissue extension for quantitative analysis of geometric fiber organization in human reticular dermis
Authors: Ueda Maho , Saito Susumu , Murata Teruasa , Hirano Tomoko , Bise Ryoma , Kabashima Kenji , Suzuki Shigehiko
Published: July 2019

The geometric organization of collagen fibers in human reticular dermis and its relationship to that of elastic fibers remain unclear. The tight packing and complex intertwining of dermal collagen fibers hinder accurate analysis of fiber orientation. We hypothesized that combined multiphoton microscopy and biaxial extension could overcome this issue. Continuous observation of fresh dermal sheets under biaxial extension revealed that the geometry of the elastic fiber network is maintained during expansion. Full-thickness human thigh skin samples were biaxially extended and cleared to visualize the entire reticular dermis. Throughout the dermis, collagen fibers straightened with increased inter-fiber spaces, making them more clearly identifiable after extension. The distribution of collagen fibers was evaluated with compilation of local orientation data. Two or three modes were confirmed in all superficial reticular layer samples. A high degree of local similarities in the direction of collagen and elastic fibers was observed. More than 80% of fibers had directional differences of ≤15°, regardless of layer. Understanding the geometric organization of fibers in the reticular dermis improves the understanding of mechanisms underlying the pliability of human skin. Combined multiphoton imaging and biaxial extension provides a research tool for studying the fibrous microarchitecture of the skin.
Effect of Pt doping on the preferred orientation enhancement in FeCo/SiO2 nanocomposite films
Authors: Liu Mei , Hu Linglong , Ma Yue , Feng Ming , Xu Shichong , Li Haibo
Published: July 2019

We prepared FeCoPt/SiO2 thin films by sol-gel spin-coating technique. As-prepared composite films were reduced in hydrogen to induce texture growth. Structural, magnetic property and surface morphology of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). These experimental data indicate that integrated intensity ratio I(200)/I(110) of diffraction peaks (200) and (110) of FeCo firstly increases and then decreases, while the coercivity first decreases and then increases with increasing Pt doping content. The specimen with less Pt doping content has a large I(200)/I(110) value and small coervicity value, which is closely related with strong (200) texture in FeCo thin film. These results indicate that fcc-Pt is also in favor of promoting (200) FeCo texture like Al or Cu elements, and this similar trends of Pt and Al originate from their similar atomic radius and crystal cell volume.
Altered serum acylcarnitine profile is associated with the status of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Enooku Kenichiro , Nakagawa Hayato , Fujiwara Naoto , Kondo Mayuko , Minami Tatsuya , Hoshida Yujin , Shibahara Junji , Tateishi Ryosuke , Koike Kazuhiko
Published: July 2019

Metabolic disturbance of lipids is a hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we measured the serum levels of 15 acylcarnitine species of various carbon chain lengths from 2 to 18 in 241 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, including 23 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and analyzed the relationship between serum acylcarnitine profile and NAFLD status. Long-chain acylcarnitines AC14:1 and AC18:1 increased gradually with the progression of fibrosis and further increased in patients with HCC, whereas the middle-chain acylcarnitine AC5:0 exhibited the opposite trend. In particular, AC18:1, which we previously showed to possess a tumor promoting effect, was significantly elevated in patients with HCC compared to those without HCC. In addition, long-chain acylcarntines including AC18:1 were positively correlated with serum levels of inflammatory cytokines. Although none of the acylcarnitine species were independently associated with the presence of HCC, (AC16:0 + AC18:1)/AC2:0, an index for the diagnosis of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) deficiency, was independently associated with the presence of HCC after adjusting for age and liver fibrosis stage, likely reflecting the downregulation of CPT2 in HCC tissues. Thus, serum acylcarnitine profiles changed significantly according to the status of NAFLD, which may be implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD.
Low Expression of miR-424-3p is Highly Correlated with Clinical Failure in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Richardsen E. , Andersen S. , Al-Saad S. , Rakaee M. , Nordby Y. , Pedersen M. I. , Ness N. , Ingebriktsen L. M. , Fassina A. , Taskén K. A. , Mills I. G. , Donnem T. , Bremnes R. M. , Busund L. T.
Published: July 2019

Prostate cancer (PC) is a highly heterogenous disease and one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. Recently, studies have shown that expression of immune checkpoint proteins are directly or indirectly repressed by microRNAs (miRs) in many types of cancers. The great advantages of using miRs based therapy is the capacity of these short transcripts to target multiple molecules for the same- or different pathways with synergistic immune inhibition effects. miR-424 has previously been described as a biomarker of poor prognosis in different types of cancers. miR-424 is also found to target both the CTLA-4/CD80- and PD-1/PD-L1 axis. In the present study, the clinical significance of miR-424-3p expression in PC tissue was evaluated. Naïve radical prostatectomy specimens from 535 patients was used for tissue microarray construction. In situ hybridization was used to evaluate the expression of miR-424-3p and immunohistochemistry was used for CTLA-4 protein detection. In univariate- and multivariate analyses, low expression of miR-424-3p was significant associated with clinical failure-free survival, (p = 0.004) and p = 0.018 (HR:0.44, CI95% 0.22–0.87). Low expression of miR-424-3p also associated strongly with aggressive phenotype of PC. This highlight the importance of miR-424-3p as potential target for therapeutic treatment in prostate cancer.
Circulating levels of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 are associated with patient survival in surgically treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma independent of their intra-tumoral expression levels
Authors: Sideras Kostandinos , de Man Robert A. , Harrington Susan M. , Polak Wojciech G. , Zhou Guoying , Schutz Hannah M. , Pedroza-Gonzalez Alexander , Biermann Katharina , Mancham Shanta , Hansen Bettina E. , Bart Takkenberg R. , van Vuuren Anneke J. , Pan Qiuwei , Ijzermans Jan N. M. , Sleijfer Stefan , Sprengers Dave , Dong Haidong , Kwekkeboom Jaap , Bruno Marco J.
Published: July 2019

Tumor expression of immune co-inhibitory ligands, such as PD-L1 and Galectin-9, have potential prognostic value in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Circulating levels of these molecules, however, have hardly been studied. This study aims to assess the prognostic significance of circulating PD-L1 and circulating Galectin-9 in patients with resected HCC, and to compare their prognostic significance to the intra-tumoral expression of these same molecules. Archived tissues and stored peripheral blood samples from 81 patients who underwent HCC resection or liver transplantation, with curative intent, were used. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine intra-tumoral expression of PD-L1 and Galectin-9, while ELISA was used to quantify their respective circulating levels. High circulating PD-L1 (HR 0.12, 95%CI 0.16–0.86, p = 0.011) and high circulating Galectin-9 (HR 0.11, 95%CI 0.15–0.85, p = 0.010) levels were both associated with improved HCC-specific survival. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between circulating levels of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 and their intra-tumoral expression levels. In fact, circulating levels of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 were predictive of HCC-specific survival independently of intra-tumoral levels and baseline clinicopathologic characteristics. Combined analysis of circulating levels and intra-tumoral expression of PD-L1 (HR 0.33, 95%CI 0.16–0.68, p = 0.002) and Galectin-9 (HR 0.27, 95%CI 0.13–0.57, p = 0.001) resulted in more confident prediction of survival. In conclusion, circulating PD-L1 and Galectin-9 levels prognostically differentiate resected HCC patients, independently of their intra-tumoral expression. Combining circulating and intra-tumoral expression levels of PD-L1 or Galectin-9 further improves the prognostic values of these immune biomarkers.
High-throughput time-resolved morphology screening in bacteria reveals phenotypic responses to antibiotics
Authors: Zahir Taiyeb , Camacho Rafael , Vitale Raffaele , Ruckebusch Cyril , Hofkens Johan , Fauvart Maarten , Michiels Jan
Published: July 2019

Image-based high-throughput screening strategies for quantifying morphological phenotypes have proven widely successful. Here we describe a combined experimental and multivariate image analysis approach for systematic large-scale phenotyping of morphological dynamics in bacteria. Using off-the-shelf components and software, we established a workflow for high-throughput time-resolved microscopy. We then screened the single‐gene deletion collection of Escherichia coli for antibiotic-induced morphological changes. Using single-cell quantitative descriptors and supervised classification methods, we measured how different cell morphologies developed over time for all strains in response to the β-lactam antibiotic cefsulodin. 191 strains exhibit significant variations under antibiotic treatment. Phenotypic clustering provided insights into processes that alter the antibiotic response. Mutants with stable bulges show delayed lysis, contributing to antibiotic tolerance. Lipopolysaccharides play a crucial role in bulge stability. This study demonstrates how multiparametric phenotyping by high-throughput time-resolved imaging and computer-aided cell classification can be used for comprehensively studying dynamic morphological transitions in bacteria.
Facile and environmentally friendly magnetic mesoporous carbon for the selective extraction of antioxidants from water
Authors: Rujiralai Thitima , Kaewsara Sujitra , Chuenchom Laemthong , Jitpirom Panuwat , Kaowphong Sulawan
Published: July 2019

Selective solid-phase extraction employing magnetic mesoporous carbon followed by HPLC was successfully developed for the determination of antioxidants in water.
Thermal stability and propane combustion activity of RhxCe1−xO2−y nanoparticles deposited on functionalized alumina
Authors: Ledwa Karolina Anna , Kępiński Leszek , Pawlyta Mirosława
Published: July 2019

A new, effective method for stabilization of RhxCe1−xO2−y nanoparticles synthesized by the reverse microemulsion method by their deposition on functionalized alumina has been successfully applied for systems in a wide range of Rh contents (x ≤ 0.15).
Towards comparative investigation of Er- and Yb-based SMMs: the effect of the coordination environment configuration on the magnetic relaxation in the series of heteroleptic thiocyanate complexes
Authors: Petrosyants Svetlana P. , Babeshkin Konstantin A. , Gavrikov Andrey V. , Ilyukhin Andrey B. , Belova Ekaterina V. , Efimov Nikolay N.
Published: July 2019

Two series of Er and Yb thiocyanates were studied as SMMs. Some empirical patterns for further development of Er and Yb based SMMs were proposed. The Δeff value for Yb aquathiocyanate is among the highest known for molecular complexes of this Ln.
para metallation of 3-acetyl-chromen-2-one Schiff bases in tetranuclear palladacycles: focus on their biomolecular interaction and in vitro cytotoxicity
Authors: Kalaiarasi G. , Dharani S. , Lynch V. M. , Prabhakaran R.
Published: July 2019

Three tetranuclear (1–3) complexes and a mononuclear (4) palladium(ii) complex were synthesized from 3-acetyl-chromen-2-one Schiff base ligands [H2-3MAC-Rtsc] (where R = H; CH3; C2H5[H2-3MAC-etsc] or C6H5) and potassium tetrachloropalladate.
Engineered nanomaterials in the context of global element cycles
Authors: Janković Nina Z. , Plata Desirée L.
Published: July 2019

This article provides a bird's-eye-view of the status and scale of commercialized and nascent nanotechnologies in the context of global element cycles to prioritize and guide relevant environmental health research.
Does conjugation strategy matter? Cetuximab-conjugated gold nanocages for targeting triple-negative breast cancer cells
Authors: Avvakumova S. , Pandolfi L. , Soprano E. , Moretto L. , Bellini M. , Galbiati E. , Rizzuto M. A. , Colombo M. , Allevi R. , Corsi F. , Sánchez Iglesias A. , Prosperi D.
Published: July 2019

The efficient targeting of cancer cells depends on the success of obtaining the active targeting of overexpressed receptors.
Relationship between structure and molecular interactions in monolayers of specially designed aminolipids
Authors: Stefaniu Cristina , Wölk Christian , Brezesinski Gerald , Schneck Emanuel
Published: July 2019

Surface characterization techniques reveal relationships between chemical structures and intermolecular interactions in Langmuir monolayers, serving as a basis for the design of cross-linked one-molecule-thin films with tunable properties.
Pd@Rh core–shell nanocrystals with well-defined facets and their enhanced catalytic performance towards CO oxidation
Authors: Choi Sang-Il , Young Allison , Lee Sujin R. , Ma Cheng , Luo Ming , Chi Miaofang , Tsung Chia-Kuang , Xia Younan
Published: July 2019

The Pd@Rh core-shell nanocrystals exhibit enhanced CO oxidation reaction kinetics relative to the monometallic counterparts.
Ionizable amino lipid interactions with POPC: implications for lipid nanoparticle function
Authors: Ramezanpour M. , Schmidt M. L. , Bodnariuc I. , Kulkarni J. A. , Leung S. S. W. , Cullis P. R. , Thewalt J. L. , Tieleman D. P.
Published: July 2019

The distribution of ionizable amino lipids (KC2) is critical in structure of lipid nanoparticles, siRNA entrapment and endosomal release. Neutral KC2 segregates from phospholipids (POPC) and forms an oily core in the bilayer interior.
Factors influencing thermal transport across graphene/metal interfaces with van der Waals interactions
Authors: Yang Haiying , Tang Yunqing , Yang Ping
Published: July 2019

We implement non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) calculations to investigate thermal transport across graphene/metal interfaces with interlayer van der Waals interactions to understand the factors influencing thermal conductance across the interface.
Controlling photon antibunching from 1D emitters using optical antennas
Authors: Lange Lucas , Schäfer Frank , Biewald Alexander , Ciesielski Richard , Hartschuh Achim
Published: July 2019

We show that optical nanoantennas can be used to control the photon emission statistic of 1D nanostructures and to convert them into single-photon sources through enhanced exciton–exciton annihilation and an amplified radiative rate.
Water-soluble chiral CdSe/CdS dot/rod nanocrystals for two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging and photodynamic therapy
Authors: He Tingchao , Qiu Xin , Li Junzi , Pang Guotao , Wu Zizi , Cheng Jiaji , Zhou Ziming , Hao Junjie , Liu Haochen , Ni Yun , Li Lin , Lin Xiaodong , Hu Wenbo , Wang Kai , Chen Rui
Published: July 2019

Water-soluble CdSe/CdS nanocrystals stabilized using cysteine molecules exhibit efficient circular dichroism and large multiphoton absorption and show applications in two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging and photodynamic therapy.
Synthesis of Bi2WO6−xnanodots with oxygen vacancies as an all-in-one nanoagent for simultaneous CT/IR imaging and photothermal/photodynamic therapy of tumors
Authors: Wang Shun , Wang Han , Song Cen , Li Zhicong , Wang Zhaojie , Xu Hao , Yu Wanjian , Peng Chen , Li Maoquan , Chen Zhigang
Published: July 2019

Black Bi2WO6−xnanodots can be used as a novel all-in-one nanoagent for simultaneous CT/IR imaging and photothermal/photodynamic therapy of tumors.
Glass stabilized ultra-stable dual-emitting Mn-doped cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots for cryogenic temperature sensing
Authors: Zhuang Bin , Liu Yue , Yuan Shuo , Huang Hai , Chen Jiangkun , Chen Daqin
Published: July 2019

Mn(ii) doping into a CsPb(Cl/Br)3perovskite lattice is realizedviaanin situglass crystallization strategy for the first time.
A recyclable indole-based polymer for trinitrotoluene adsorptionviathe synergistic effect of dipole–π and donor–acceptor interactions
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Lin , Yang Li , Ma Yuanchi , Chang Guanjun
Published: July 2019

A new type of indole-based porous organic polymer with amine units (PAIN) has been constructed, which possesses encouraging and effective adsorption properties for trinitrotoluene by taking advantage of the synergistic effect of dipole–π and donor–acceptor interactions.
Flow-facilitated ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and post-polymerization modification reactions
Authors: Subnaik Selesha I. , Hobbs Christopher E.
Published: July 2019

Continuous flow facilitates ROMP reactions to prepare homopolymers and block copolymers and allows for in-line post-polymerization click modifications.
A fluorescent platinum(ii) metallacycle-cored supramolecular network formed by dynamic covalent bonds and its application in halogen ions and picric acid detection
Authors: Hou Yali , Li Shusheng , Zhang Zeyuan , Chen Long , Zhang Mingming
Published: July 2019

A fluorescent supramolecular network for halogen ions and picric acid detection was prepared by linking metallacycles using dynamic covalent bonds.
Sulfonium salt based charge transfer complexes as dual thermal and photochemical polymerization initiators for composites and 3D printing
Authors: Wang Dengxia , Kaya Kerem , Garra Patxi , Fouassier Jean-Pierre , Graff Bernadette , Yagci Yusuf , Lalevée Jacques
Published: July 2019

Charge transfer complexes (CTCs) exhibit excellent initiating abilities as safe photo, thermal, or photo/thermal dual initiators, which cannot be achieved by classical initiators.
Hydroxylammonium derivatives for selective active-site lysine modification in the anti-virulence bacterial target DHQ1 enzyme
Authors: Maneiro María , Lence Emilio , Sanz-Gaitero Marta , Otero José M. , van Raaij Mark J. , Thompson Paul , Hawkins Alastair R. , González-Bello Concepción
Published: July 2019

The first example of a hydroxylammonium derivative that causes a specific covalent modification of the active-site lysine residue of an aldolase enzyme, which is a promising target for anti-bacterial drug discovery, is reported.
Application of natural deep eutectic solvents to extract ferulic acid from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort with microwave assistance
Authors: Xie Yilin , Liu Herui , Lin Li , Zhao Maojun , Zhang Li , Zhang Yunsong , Wu Yichao
Published: July 2019

In this study, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) combined with microwave-assistance extraction (MAE) were researched to establish an environmentally-friendly method for extracting ferulic acid from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.
Perovskite lattice oxygen contributes to low-temperature catalysis for exhaust gas cleaning
Authors: Higo Takuma , Ueno Kohei , Omori Yuki , Tsuchiya Hiroto , Ogo Shuhei , Hirose Satoshi , Mikami Hitoshi , Sekine Yasushi
Published: July 2019

A Pd catalyst supported on Ba-substituted LaAlO3 perovskite (Pd/La0.9Ba0.1AlO3−δ) has remarkably higher activity than other Pd catalysts at low temperatures (≤573 K) for NO reduction by propylene.
Nano-architecture of silica nanoparticles as a tool to tune both electrochemical and catalytic behavior of NiII@SiO2
Authors: Khrizanforov Mikhail N. , Fedorenko Svetlana V. , Mustafina Asia R. , Khrizanforova Vera V. , Kholin Kirill V. , Nizameev Irek R. , Gryaznova Tatyana V. , Grinenko Valeriya V. , Budnikova Yulia H.
Published: July 2019

The present work introduces a facile synthetic route for efficient doping of [NiII(bpy)x] into silica nanoparticles with various sizes and architectures.
TiO2/Fe2O3 heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi) under visible light irradiation
Authors: Mei Qiufeng , Zhang Feiyan , Wang Ning , Yang Yun , Wu Ronglan , Wang Wei
Published: July 2019

A TiO2/Fe2O3 heterojunction with an internal electric field was constructed for enhancing photocatalytic reduction efficiency of Cr(vi).
Glyme–Li salt equimolar molten solvates with iodide/triiodide redox anions
Authors: Shigenobu Keisuke , Nakanishi Azusa , Ueno Kazuhide , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi
Published: July 2019

Redox-active glyme–Li salt equimolar molten solvates based on a I−/I3− couple could be employed as a highly concentrated catholyte for semi-liquid rechargeable lithium batteries.
Metal- and photocatalyst-free synthesis of 3-selenylindoles and asymmetric diarylselenides promoted by visible light
Authors: Lemir Ignacio D. , Castro-Godoy Willber D. , Heredia Adrián A. , Schmidt Luciana C. , Argüello Juan E.
Published: July 2019

A novel and sustainable procedure for the synthesis of 3-selenylindoles employing diorganyl diselenides and indoles or electron-rich arenes and promoted by visible light was developed.
Top-down synthesis of sponge-like Mn3O4at low temperature
Authors: Lu Wangwei , He Kay , Zhao Gaoling , Song Bin , Zhou Jing , Dong Weixia , Han Gaorong
Published: July 2019

Sponge-like Mn3O4structures were prepared at low temperatureviaa facile top-down method and the formation mechanism has been proposed.
Transforming lignin into porous graphene via direct laser writing for solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Mahmood Faisal , Zhang Chi , Xie Yunchao , Stalla David , Lin Jian , Wan Caixia
Published: July 2019

Direct laser writing transforms alkaline lignin into porous graphene for solid-state supercapacitors with high electrochemical performance.
Vinylpyrroles: solid-state structures and aggregation-induced emission properties
Authors: Okawara Toru , Matsufuji Yurina , Mizuno Kouhei , Takehara Kenji , Nagamura Toshihiko , Iwasa Seiji
Published: July 2019

A cyclic ester and a cyclic amide functionalized monopyrroles show aggregation-induced emission (AIE) by the restriction of intramolecular rotation (RIR) mechanism.
Continuous-flow crystallisation in 3D-printed compact devices
Authors: Okafor Obinna , Robertson Karen , Goodridge Ruth , Sans Victor
Published: July 2019

A flexible and cost-effective methodology to develop compact flow devices with heat exchange ability is presented here.
Comment on “The chemical reactions in electrosprays of water do not always correspond to those at the pristine air–water interface” by A. Gallo Jr, A. S. F. Farinha, M. Dinis, A.-H. Emwas, A. Santana, R. J. Nielsen, W. A. Goddard III and H. Mishra, Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 2566
Authors: Colussi Agustín J. , Enami Shinichi
Published: July 2019

Recently, Gallo et al. investigated whether the previously reported oligomerization of isoprene vapor on the surface of pH < 4 water in an electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometer would also proceed in liquid isoprene-acidic water emulsions.
Facile synthesis of supported Ru–Triphos catalysts for continuous flow application in selective nitrile reduction
Authors: Konrath Robert , Heutz Frank J. L. , Steinfeldt Norbert , Rockstroh Nils , Kamer Paul C. J.
Published: July 2019

Selectivity of immobilized Triphos-type catalysts can be tuned for application in nitrile hydrogenation in batch and continuous flow processes.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “The chemical reactions in electrosprays of water do not always correspond to those at the pristine air–water interface”’ by A. J. Colussi and S. Enami, Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00991d
Authors: Gallo Adair , Farinha Andreia S. F. , Emwas Abdul-Hamid , Santana Adriano , Nielsen Robert J. , Goddard William A. , Mishra Himanshu
Published: July 2019

We explain why chemical reactions in/on electrosprays of water may not always represent those at the air–water interface. Thus, electrospray-based techniques cannot be relied upon as generalized “surface-specific” platforms for water.
Redox-neutral ortho-C–H amination of pinacol arylborates via palladium(ii)/norbornene catalysis for aniline synthesis
Authors: Chen Shuqing , Wang Peng , Cheng Hong-Gang , Yang Chihui , Zhou Qianghui
Published: July 2019

A palladium(ii)/norbornene cooperative catalysis enabled redox-neutral ortho-C–H amination of pinacol aryl- or heteroarylborates for the synthesis of structurally diverse anilines.
Dislocation mechanisms in the plastic deformation of monodisperse wet foams within an expansion–contraction microfluidic geometry
Authors: Vecchiolla Daniel , Biswal Sibani Lisa
Published: July 2019

Dislocation glide, reflection, nucleation, and dipole transformations from extensional and compressive stresses within monodisperse wet foam subjected to expansion–contraction flow.
An MnO2–Ti3C2Tx MXene nanohybrid: an efficient and durable electrocatalyst toward artificial N2 fixation to NH3 under ambient conditions
Authors: Kong Wenhan , Gong Feng (Frank) , Zhou Qiang , Yu Guangsen , Ji Lei , Sun Xuping , Asiri Abdullah M. , Wang Ting , Luo Yonglan , Xu Yuanhong
Published: July 2019

The MnO2–Ti3C2Tx MXene nanohybrid is efficient for ambient electrocatalytic N2-to-NH3 fixation with an NH3 yield of 34.12 μg h−1 mgcat−1 and a faradaic efficiency of 11.39%.
Protonation and microwave-assisted heating induced excitation of lone-pair electrons in graphitic carbon nitride for increased photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Wu Dandan , Hu Shaonian , Xue Hongyun , Hou Xiaojuan , Du Haiwei , Xu Gengsheng , Yuan Yupeng
Published: July 2019

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with pronounced excitation of lone pairs enhances its photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) generation activity.
Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres towards the application of potassium ion storage
Authors: Ruan Jiafeng , Wu Xi , Wang Yan , Zheng Shiyou , Sun Dalin , Song Yun , Chen Min
Published: July 2019

Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanospheres exhibit excellent K+-storage performances in a half-cell and full cell.
Patterned macroporous Fe3C/C membrane-induced high ionic conductivity for integrated Li–sulfur battery cathodes
Authors: Kou Wei , Chen Guohui , Liu Yang , Guan Weixin , Li Xiangcun , Zhang Ning , He Gaohong
Published: July 2019

A scalable, three-layer-structured porous Fe3C/C membrane was developed for advancing the Li–S battery technology.
Three-dimensional interconnected core–shell networks with Ni(Fe)OOH and M–N–C active species together as high-efficiency oxygen catalysts for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Zhang Jiting , Zhang Meng , Qiu Lingxi , Zeng Yan , Chen Jisheng , Zhu Chengzhou , Yu Ying , Zhu Zhihong
Published: July 2019

The well-accepted Ni(Fe)OOH active components for the OER and Ni/Fe–N–C species for the ORR were innovatively integrated together as high-efficiency oxygen catalysts for the first time.
Potassium ions as a kinetic controller in ionic double layers for hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells
Authors: Kim Seul-Gi , Li Cheng , Guerrero Antonio , Yang June-Mo , Zhong Yu , Bisquert Juan , Huettner Sven , Park Nam-Gyu
Published: July 2019

This work highlights the clear correlation of ion migration and a fast generation of the double layer with severe hysteresis and long-term instability in perovskite solar cells and the importance of K+ ions in reducing the kinetics affecting the ionic attachment to the contact surface.
Photoluminescent and biodegradable porous silicon nanoparticles for biomedical imaging
Authors: Park Yoonsang , Yoo Jounghyun , Kang Myoung-Hee , Kwon Woosung , Joo Jinmyoung
Published: July 2019

A set of unique properties including biodegradability, intrinsic photoluminescence, and mesoporous structure allows porous silicon nanoparticles to address current challenges of translational nanomedicine, especially in biomedical imaging.
Biomaterial–tight junction interaction and potential impacts
Authors: Han Xiangfei , Zhang Ershuai , Shi Yuanjie , Song Boyi , Du Hong , Cao Zhiqiang
Published: July 2019

Biomaterial–tight junction (TJ) interactions: analyses of the TJ structure and natural modulation, interaction mechanism, potential impact and measuring methods.
Anisotropic liquid metal–elastomer composites
Authors: Zhu Lifei , Chen Yuzhen , Shang Wenhui , Handschuh-Wang Stephan , Zhou Xiaohu , Gan Tiansheng , Wu Qixing , Liu Yizhen , Zhou Xuechang
Published: July 2019

A reliable and straightforward sedimentation method was developed for the fabrication of liquid metal–elastomer composites with electric, heat transport, and mechanical anisotropy.
Improved ZSVC‐based fault detection technique for incipient stage inter‐turn fault in PMSM
Authors: Fang Jie , Sun Yining , Wang Yibing , Wei Baolei , Hang Jun
Published: July 2019

Fault detection plays an important role in providing reliable operation for permanent‐magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The inter‐turn fault is one of the most common faults for the PMSM. Hence, this study focuses on the incipient stage inter‐turn fault detection. An improved zero‐sequence voltage component‐based (ZSVC) inter‐turn fault detection method is proposed. In the proposed method, discrete wavelet transform is first applied to remove the noise and harmonic components in the ZSVC for highlighting the fault characteristic component. Then, fast Fourier transform is used to analyse the obtained signal for the inter‐turn fault detection. In addition, to show the performance of the proposed method, the commonly used fault detection based on stator current is studied. The effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis method is validated by the simulation and experimental results, showing that the proposed method has good performance for the incipient stage inter‐turn fault diagnosis.
Performance evaluation of FPGA‐based predictive current controller for FL‐DSTATCOM in electric distribution system
Authors: Dheepanchakkravarthy Azhagesan , Jawahar Marappan Rakkiannan , Venkatraman Kandadai , Selvan Manickavasagam Parvathy , Moorthi Sridharan
Published: July 2019

A four‐leg distribution static compensator (FL‐DSTATCOM) has been employed for improving the quality of power in electric distribution system using field‐programmable gate array (FPGA). A predictive current control technique without any modulation scheme is utilised to generate switching pulses for FL‐DSTATCOM using a cost function defining the preferred system behaviour. This technique makes the supply current as balanced and sinusoidal by exactly tracking the reference current, compensating the reactive power, maintaining near unity power factor and nullifies the current flow in neutral conductor during steady and dynamic state conditions. Synchronous reference frame theory is effectively implemented for extracting the reactive and harmonic part of load current which are the primary components in the evaluation of reference currents. The predictive current control scheme implemented in FPGA has been deployed to evaluate the behaviour of the FL‐DSTATCOM under multifarious loading conditions.
Advances on QoS‐aware web service selection and composition with nature‐inspired computing
Authors: Zhao Xinchao , Li Rui , Zuo Xingquan
Published: July 2019

Service‐oriented architecture is becoming a major software framework for complex application and it can be dynamically and flexibly composed by integrating existing component web services provided by different providers with standard protocols. The rapid introduction of new web services into a dynamic business environment can adversely affect the service quality and user satisfaction. Therefore, how to leverage, aggregate and make use of individual component's quality of service (QoS) information to derive the optimal QoS of the composite service which meets the needs of users is still an ongoing hot research problem. This study aims at reviewing the advance of the current state‐of‐the‐art in technologies and inspiring the possible new ideas for web service selection and composition, especially with nature‐inspired computing approaches. Firstly, the background knowledge of web services is presented. Secondly, various nature‐inspired web selection and composition approaches are systematically reviewed and analysed for QoS‐aware web services. Finally, challenges, remarks and discussions about QoS‐aware web service composition are presented.
Solar microflares: a case study on temperatures and the Fe XVIII emission
Authors: Mitra-Kraev U. , Del Zanna G.
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we discuss the temperature distribution and evolution of a microflare, simultaneously observed by Hinode’s X-Ray Telescope (XRT), its Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS), as well as the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on-board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Using EIS lines, we find that during peak emission the distribution is nearly isothermal and peaked around 4.5 MK. This temperature is in good agreement with that obtained from the XRT filter ratio, validating the use of XRT to study these small events, invisible to full-Sun X-ray monitors such as the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). The increase in the estimated Fe XVIII emission in the AIA 94 Å band can mostly be explained with the small temperature increase from the background temperatures. The presence of Fe XVIII emission does not guarantee that temperatures of 7 MK are reached, as is often assumed. With the help of new atomic data, we also revisit the temperatures measured by a Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO) Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) observation of an active region that produced microflares, also finding low temperatures (3–4 MK) from an Fe XVIII/Ca XIV ratio.