bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Masjid Lama Gang Bengkok: Menyusuri Sejarah dan Keunikan Arsitektur di Kota Medan
Authors: Ardiansyah M. Rasyid , Padang Perjanggut Emas , Afrian Riski , Siregar Yusra Dewi
Published: December 2024

The Old Mosque of Gang Bengkok is one of the historical sites in Medan that reflects the fusion of Malay and Chinese cultures. This mosque not only serves as a place of worship but also stands as a witness to the development of Islam in Medan. This study explores the historical traces of the mosque's establishment, its socio-cultural influences during the colonial period, and the uniqueness of its architecture, which combines traditional Malay elements with distinctive Chinese ornaments. The research employs a qualitative method with a historical and architectural approach to uncover the symbolic meanings of the mosque's architectural features. The findings reveal that the Old Mosque of Gang Bengkok is not just a spiritual site, but also a reflection of intercultural harmony and an important historical legacy for the people of Medan.
Menganalisis Implementasi Konstruksi Berpikir Historis dalam Mata Kuliah Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah di Universitas Simalungun
Authors: Hutauruk Ahmad Fakhri , Ginting Andres M. , Arent Ease , Dabukke Lamser
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the implementation of historical thinking construction in courses within the History Education Study Program at Simalungun University. Historical thinking is an essential skill that history students must master, encompassing the understanding of chronology, cause-effect analysis, and the interpretation of historical events' meaning in the context of the past and their relevance to the present. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observations, interviews with lecturers and students, and document analysis such as syllabi and coursework. The findings indicate that the implementation of historical thinking is not yet fully optimal. Most teaching focuses on memorizing the chronology of events, figures, and places without involving in-depth analysis or connecting events to broader contexts. For instance, common assignments include summarizing readings or creating concept maps, which tend to insufficiently challenge students' skills in interpretation and critical thinking. However, in some courses, such as Indonesian History, lecturers have made efforts to use reflective approaches, such as analytical discussions on the impact of colonialism on local social dynamics. The main obstacles identified are a lack of in-depth understanding of the concept of historical thinking among both lecturers and students, as well as limited access to relevant and contextual learning resources. Therefore, this study recommends developing training for lecturers on implementing historical thinking-based teaching strategies, increasing access to learning resources that support historical analysis, and designing more challenging assignments to enhance students' critical thinking skills.
Perkembangan Museum Sejarah Alquran di Sumatera Utara: Kontribusi Terhadap Pelestarian Warisan Sejarah Islam
Authors: Parinduri Nurul Aulia , Siregar Yusra Dewi , Naldo Jufri
Published: December 2024

This study explores the development of the Alquran History Museum in North Sumatra and its contribution to preserving the Islamic historical heritage in the region. The central research question focuses on how the museum sustains its operations and relevance in safeguarding Islamic historical values. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the museum has made significant progress in the management of collections and public services, although it faces challenges related to limited funding and reliance on government support. Despite these obstacles, the museum plays a crucial role as an institution that preserves and promotes Islamic historical heritage in North Sumatra. In conclusion, the museum is a valuable cultural asset with significant potential to further evolve as a center for Islamic history education in the region.
Dari Eksplorasi Minyak Hingga Membangun Kota: Dumai Kota Perusahaan Caltex 1956-1970-an
Authors: Simbolon Frido Paulus
Published: December 2024

This research examines the development of Dumai as a company town, where its growth is closely tied to the role of a multinational oil company, Caltex. The study addresses the question of how Caltex developed and shaped Dumai, beginning with the company's arrival in 1956. Caltex initially operated in Minas, Duri, and Rumbai but needed a strategic port to export crude oil from its fields, leading to the selection of Dumai. Using historical methods and literature review, this research chronicles Caltex’s establishment of Dumai as a key operational and distribution center. The findings reveal that since Caltex's arrival, Dumai has rapidly transformed into a company town, a development largely driven by its oil industry operations. The study concludes that Dumai’s urban growth is a direct result of Caltex's significant role in the city’s management and infrastructure.
Motif Batik Tradisional Khas Pangkalan Brandan sebagai Simbol Peristiwa Bumi Hangus Pangkalan Brandan
Authors: Maysaroh Maysaroh , Lestari Ayu , Siregar Yusra Dewi
Published: December 2024

This article explores the history of the distinctive batik motifs from Kampong Batik Brandan, which hold unique characteristics and serve as a representation of the "Bumi Hangus" event, commemorated through the art of batik. Given that batik is a high-value art form, this led to the establishment of a venue dedicated to preserving cultural history and art in Pangkalan Brandan, known as Kampong Batik Brandan. This study employs a qualitative research method, utilizing interviews with sources and additional information collected through literature review. The findings reveal that the creation of Malay batik, particularly Brandan batik, has become iconic due to the historical narrative embedded in its motifs, symbolizing the heroic "Bumi Hangus" event known in the area. This community’s commitment to preserving history and culture inspired the establishment of Kampong Batik Brandan as a space for sustaining cultural and historical creativity.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Penulisan Surat Dinas para Pegawai Administrasi
Authors: Malasari Tiarma Nova Intan
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the challenges of writing official letters in accordance with correct and proper language guidelines. The background of this research includes difficulties in composing official letters that adhere to the guidelines, understanding language rules (PUEBI, TBBI), and using appropriate language in writing official letters. The study offers three solutions: (a) conducting academic studies, simplifying the guidelines, and contextualizing them; (b) providing assistance in the form of small groups to apply language rules in composing official letters so that PUEBI can be implemented; (c) providing guidance and training in writing official letters using proper, logical, informative, and unambiguous language. The research methodology employs a problem-solving approach combined with focus group discussions (FGD), beginning with an analysis of conditions and problems, formulating directed problems, implementing problem-solving training for letter writing, and conducting evaluations.
Pengaruh Usia Penyapihan dan Pengetahuan Ibu terhadap Status Gizi Anak di Puskesmas Johan Pahlawan
Authors: Makfirah Daral , Mulyani Itza , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Muhsin Sri Wahyuni , Marniati Marniati
Published: December 2024

Nutritional issues in children aged 0-59 months are critical, as this age group is particularly vulnerable to dietary changes affecting nutritional status. Weaning, defined as the transition from breastfeeding to solid foods, and maternal knowledge are considered key factors influencing child nutrition. This study aims to examine the impact of weaning age and maternal knowledge on the nutritional status of children aged 0-59 months in the Johan Pahlawan Public Health Center area. A cross-sectional design with simple random sampling was used, involving 95 respondents. Data collection included questionnaires and nutritional status measurements. Chi-Square analysis revealed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and child nutritional status (p=0.009), while no significant relationship was found between weaning age and nutritional status (p=0.126). These findings suggest that enhanced maternal knowledge plays a crucial role in improving child nutritional outcomes, whereas weaning age does not have a significant effect.
Faktor Penentu Pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Desa Gampa, Kabupaten Aceh Barat
Authors: Agustina Dilla , Khairunnas Khairunnas , Muliadi Teuku , Muhsin Sriwahyuni
Published: December 2024

Breast milk is recognized as the optimal source of nutrition for infants, particularly during the early stages of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, followed by complementary feeding while continuing breastfeeding for up to two years. The Johan Pahlawan Health Center reported one of the lowest rates of exclusive breastfeeding coverage in West Aceh District in 2020, at 24.7%. This study aims to identify factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers in Gampa Village, Johan Pahlawan District, West Aceh Regency. Employing a cross-sectional research design with a quantitative approach, data for dependent and independent variables were collected simultaneously. A purposive sampling method was used, and statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of ?=0.05. The findings revealed that among 34 respondents, 30 mothers (88.2%) provided exclusive breastfeeding, while 4 mothers (11.8%) did not. The study concluded that variables such as education, occupation, and knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding are significantly related to breastfeeding practices, whereas age showed no significant relationship with exclusive breastfeeding in the study population.
Analisis Dampak Perkembangan Pasar Pancur Batu terhadap Transformasi Sosial-Ekonomi Masyarakat Sekitar, 1960-2023
Authors: Lubis Nadiyah Zahra , Nugraha Muhammad Adika , Nababan Surya Aymanda
Published: December 2024

This study explores the history and socio-economic impact of Pancur Batu Market from 1960 to 2022, focusing on trader activities and community effects. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observations, interviews, and document analysis. The findings reveal that Pancur Batu Market has evolved significantly from a colonial-era facility into a pivotal economic and social hub for the local community. Officially inaugurated in the 1970s, the market facilitates the sale of basic necessities and serves as a platform for social interaction. Trading activity intensifies on Saturdays, attracting crowds that cause congestion and lead some traders to operate exclusively on these days. The market plays a vital role in community life, fostering social harmony and providing a primary livelihood source for many residents. Economically, it generates business opportunities and improves living standards. Despite challenges such as competition and price fluctuations, Pancur Batu Market remains a cornerstone of the community's socio-economic landscape.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar PKN Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri 106156 Klumpang
Authors: Lubis Fanny Claudia , Hariati Emy , Harahap Syarifah Ainun
Published: December 2024

This research aims to examine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in improving learning outcomes on style material in Class IV at SD Negeri 106156 Klumpang. A quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The experimental group consisted of 20 students using Discovery Learning, while the control group included 20 students taught using the lecture method. A 25-item multiple-choice test was used as the instrument to measure learning outcomes. Data were analyzed using the t-test. The post-test results showed that the experimental group had an average score of 81.9, while the control group had an average of 72.2. The t-test result (tcount = 7.726) was greater than ttable (2.10092), indicating a significant difference between the two groups. The improvement in the experimental group's pretest-posttest score was 19.6, compared to 9.4 in the control group. These findings suggest that the Discovery Learning model is more effective in enhancing students' learning outcomes than the lecture method.
Pengaruh Model Cooperative Script Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Tema Kayanya Negeriku pada Siswa Kelas IV SDN 101729 Kampung Lalang
Authors: Farida Arany , Harahap Syarifah Ainun , Ramadhan Nuri
Published: December 2024

This study employed a True-Experimental Design involving all fourth-grade students at SDN 101729 Kampung Lalang, with a total of 56 participants, divided into an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 29 students. The data collection method used was a performance test, which was validated through a rater reliability test and content validation. The hypothesis was tested using the independent sample t-test. The research findings indicate that the pretest data from both the experimental and control groups were normally distributed and homogeneous. The t-value for the pretest was smaller than the t-table (0.036 < 0.05), indicating that there was no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention. However, the posttest results showed that the t-calculated value (0.729 > 0.05) was higher than the t-table, indicating a significant effect of the Cooperative Script Model on students' learning interest. The findings suggest that the Cooperative Script Model is more effective in enhancing learning interest compared to conventional methods. This model is recommended for further implementation in other subjects to increase student engagement.
Pengaruh Model Kooperatife Tipe Think Pair and Share Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA oleh Siswa Kelas IV MIS Aisyiyah Wilayah Sumut Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024
Authors: Abliani Poppy , Ramadhani Mastari , Malinda Leni
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to address the low learning outcomes in science education for fourth-grade students at MIS Aisyiyah Elementary School, North Sumatra, where teaching tends to be teacher-centered. To remedy this issue, the Think Pair and Share cooperative learning model was implemented. An experimental research method was employed, involving 53 students divided into two groups. The experimental group used the Think Pair and Share model, while the control group applied conventional teaching methods. Data were collected through both test-based measures (pretest and posttest) and non-test observations, including teacher performance and student activity during the learning process. The results revealed a significant improvement in the experimental group, with an average score of 84.40, compared to 69.46 in the control group. It can be concluded that the implementation of the Think Pair and Share cooperative learning model positively impacts science learning outcomes for fourth-grade students. It is recommended that teachers adopt this model to enhance the effectiveness of science education in similar contexts.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Type Team Games Tournament Terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Mata Pelajaran IPA di Kelas IV SDIT Ummu Hafidzah Sibiru-Biru
Authors: Ekawati Sri , Harahap Syarifah Ainun , Ramadhan Nuri
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of domino card learning media on students' learning outcomes in the material on the structure and function of plants for fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 101928 Rantau Panjang. Additionally, it seeks to compare the learning outcomes between students in an experimental class and a control class at SD Negeri 101961 Timbang Deli. This research employs a quasi-experimental quantitative approach, utilizing pretest and posttest assessments. Two classes, each consisting of 20 students, were involved: one as the experimental group, which used domino card learning media, and the other as the control group, which did not. The results show that the experimental group achieved higher scores, with an average of 92, compared to the control group, which averaged 88. These findings indicate a significant impact of domino card learning media on improving students' science learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Blended Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar PKN Siswa Kelas V SD Negeri 101731 Kampung Lalang T.A 2023/2024
Authors: Rahmi Rizki Aslia , Ramadhan Nuri , Ramadhani Mastari
Published: December 2024

This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, aiming to uncover the reality of the influence of school facilities and infrastructure on enhancing the learning motivation of fifth-grade students at UPT SPF SD Negeri 104202 Bandar Setia, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. The research subjects consisted of 30 fifth-grade students, and the study was conducted over six sessions. The benchmarks in this research include the availability of standard educational facilities such as classrooms, sports areas, worship spaces, libraries, laboratories, playgrounds, and other learning resources that support the learning process, including the use of information and communication technology. Hypothesis testing results show that the calculated r-value (rtcount) = 0.484 is greater than the r-value from the r-distribution table (rtable) = 0.361 with a 5% significance level (rttable < rcount). This indicates that H1 is accepted, confirming a significant influence of school facilities and infrastructure on increasing the learning motivation of fifth-grade students at the mentioned school.
Demandas feministas em portais online no Pará:
Authors: Sarmento Rayza , Lima Adriany Vanessa S. da Silva de
Published: December 2024

Este texto, por meio da literatura de movimentos sociais e comunicação, discute quais são as ativistas feministas e as pautas mais frequentes acerca do feminismo presentes nos dois maiores portais de notícias da capital paraense: O Liberal.com e Diário do Pará Online (DOL). A empiria se concentra entre os anos de 2019 a 2022 e se volta a 41 textos, por meio da análise quanti-qualitativa de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam a presença recorrente de fontes ligadas às universidades, como pesquisadoras e professoras, e poucas de movimentos feministas do campo popular, bem como às temáticas de violência e imagem corporal como as mais presentes no corpus.
Resenha:
Authors: Antunes Elton
Published: December 2024

Resenha do livro História da imprensa no Brasil do século XIX. Pesquisadores de história da imprensa e do jornalismo se articulam em um conjunto heterogêneo para apresentar a presença da imprensa oitocentista a partir de seus locais de pesquisa.
Reinados e lança-perfumes, 1925-1975:
Authors: Santos Valdelice da Conceição , Abreu Matos Daniela Abreu
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta resultados de um estudo sobre as memórias e os arquivos do carnaval em São Félix, Recôncavo da Bahia, durante o período de 1925-1975. As dimensões culturais e sociais do carnaval de São Félix foram analisadas a partir das publicações em dois periódicos locais – A Vanguarda e Correio de São Félix – e dos relatos memoriais de três foliões. Esse conjunto narrativo impulsionou o exercício de uma análise cultural que, ao compreender os textos enquanto formas culturais, arrisca uma leitura sempre instável e conjuntural da realidade vivida. Nesse caminho, o estudo evidenciou uma São Félix entrelaçada às múltiplas práticas culturais e que acompanhava o movimento cultural e social do País, revelando que o carnaval foi um instrumento de sociabilidade, que proporcionou intercâmbio cultural entre foliões, fortaleceu laços identitários e explicitou tensões sociais vividas.
Warum ziviler Widerstand funktioniert
Authors: Chenoweth Erica , Stephan Maria J.
Published: December 2024

Award-winning book, now for the first time in German translation (winner of the 2013 Grawemeyer Award, winner of the 2012 Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award from the American Political Science Association, 2011 Book of the Year from The Guardian). Campaigns of non-violent resistance were more than twice as successful as violent movements between 1900 and 2006. The authors combine statistical analysis with over 300 case studies from around the world and show in detail the factors that make such campaigns successful - and sometimes cause them to fail. The book systematically compares violent and non-violent developments in different political and geographical conflict contexts. It debunks the myth that violence is caused by structural and situational factors and is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, Chenoweth and Stephan find that violent uprisings can rarely be justified on strategic grounds. And they prove that non-violent resistance movements lead to more stable and peaceful democracies more often, faster, with far fewer victims and at lower cost. Findings that are still highly topical today!
IDENTIFICATION OF THE FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF HETEROGENEOUS-VELOCITY GROUND LAYERS ON LARGE-EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS IN THE MONGOLIAN-SIBERIAN REGION
Authors: Dzhurik V. I. , Bryzhak E. V. , Serebrennikov S. P. , Kakourova A. A.
Published: December 2024

The southern part of Eastern Siberia and the northern part of Mongolia were quantitatively assessed in terms of the influence of the upper-crustal heterogeneous-velocity ground layers on a single reasonable initial signal. Seismically, the territory is estimated at 7–9 intensity units; geomorphologically, it appears as a system of intermountain depressions and mountain structures; geologically, the area is a part of the Baikal rift zone system as its southwestern and southern fragments are incorporated therein.

The work is aimed at developing methods for studying and predicting seismic effects of large earthquakes in the Mongolian-Baikal region. The implementation of the task is associated with the need of assigning calculated accelerograms, modeling seismic ground motion, and carrying out theoretical calculations for the region under study. Using the data from 2020-2022 relatively large earthquakes recorded simultaneously in Irkutsk and Ulaanbaatar, I category grounds were assigned a single initial signal with regard to potential source zones of near and distant large earthquakes in the region. Computational models of seismic ground motions were developed based on recently obtained seismic survey and seismometric measurement data. The authors also took into account the available general dataset on the change in seismic wave velocities with depth for the most common types of loose unsaturated grounds to a few hundred meters and for the bedrock to the probable depth of earthquake occurrence. The constructed models are characterized by layer thickness, change in longitudinal and transverse wave velocities with depth, volumetric mass, and attenuation decrement.

The results of theoretical calculations for the features of the influence of heterogenous-velocity ground layers on the amplitude and frequency composition of the assigned initial signals are presented as the parameters of seismic effects (maximum accelerations, predominant ground motions frequencies and their corresponding amplitude level, resonant frequencies and accompanying ground motions amplification values) for seismic probability models developed based on the calculated accelerograms, spectra, and frequency characteristics.
FEATURES OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND PROSPECTS OF OIL-AND-GAS BEARING CAPACITY OF THE RIPHEAN AND VENDIAN DEPOSITS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE KAMO ARCH OF THE BAYKIT ANTICLISE
Authors: Fomin V. A. , Vakhromeev A. G. , Motova Z. L. , Strunov A. V. , Mashenkin D. V. , Fomina V. V. , Plusnin A. V.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the integrated study of the features of geological structure of the southeastern Kamo arch of the Baikit anticlise. Use has been made of both already published and unpublished geological-geophysical data obtained through seismic survey using the common depth point (CDP 2D) and the side view seismic location (SVSL) methods. The conducted research made it possible to improve understanding of the geological structure and formation conditions of the terrigenous-carbonate rocks of the Lower Riphean (Madrа, Yurubchen and Dolgokit formations) and Vendian (Vanavara and Oskoba formations) Kamo Group in the southern Kamo arch of the Baykit anticlese in terms of the prospects for the discovery of hydrocarbon (HC) deposits therein. The interpretation of seismic data (CDP and SVSL) provided the possibility to specify the thickness of the Lower Riphean terrigenous-carbonate rocks, most promising for hydrocarbons, to generate the predictive geology map of the pre-Vendian erosion surface, and to map the HC-promising Early Riphean and Vendian deposit thickness. Along with the previously explored large HC deposits in the central Kamo arch of the Baykit anticlise, the new data presented here testify in favor of the structural-and tectonic conditions for the development of the Lower Riphean and Vendian rocks on the southeastern slope of the Kamo arch of the Baykit anticlise and imply their high potential.
Investigating Clinical Risk Factors Contributing to the Recurrence of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis
Authors: Ebrahimian Saba , Akbari Atieh , Fallah Tafti Hamid , Fazilat-Panah Danial , Hasani Nasibeh
Published: December 2024

Background: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting breast tissue, with a high recurrence rate. Objectives: Regarding this impotence, this paper aims at proposing a retrospective approach to compile an extensive dataset of clinical information as well as to identify potential risk factors associated with GM recurrence. Methods: For this purpose, data on pathologically-confirmed cases of GM were retrospectively collected from the medical archives of the Shahid Beheshti Cancer Research Center, Iran, from March 2020 to February 2023. Then, the descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze demographic information, disease-related variables, patient-related variables, and details regarding treatment modalities. Evaluation of disease recurrence occurred 24 months following the initial GM diagnosis through clinical assessments, ultrasound, or mammography. Among the 100 accessible patients, 33 experienced recurrences within 24 months. Results: According to the obtained results, factors significantly associated with recurrence included body mass index (28.31 vs. 26.05), history of breastfeeding and its duration (22.44 months vs. 16.95 months) (90.9% vs. 72.7%), abortion, pain (72.7% vs. 46.3%), erythema nodosum (51.5% vs. 16.4%), hypertension (18.2% vs. 3%), thyroid disease (33.3% vs. 14.9%), rheumatologic disease (69.7% vs. 13.4%), dermal involvement (51.5% vs. 10.9%), joint involvement (85.9% vs. 39.4%), and the combined treatment modalities (45.5% vs. 11.9%). Moreover, the predictive model exhibited an overall accuracy of 83.3%. Conclusions: Finally, it can be concluded that abortion history, breastfeeding and its duration, combined treatment, pain, erythema nodosum, hypertension, thyroid or rheumatologic disease, dermatologic or joint signs, and Body Mass Index (BMI) could be the significant factors related to the recurrence of GM. Thus, special attention to these factors and management of baseline disease may have a predictive effect on the relapse of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).
Renal Denervation; A Promising Alternative for Medications to Ameliorate the Physical and Mental Burden of Hypertension, A Narrative Review
Authors: Ramezani Pedram , Amiri Majid , Bagheri Amin , Naderi Fatemeh
Published: December 2024

: Hypertension is the most significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with substantial negative effects on both individual and societal levels. Renal denervation (RDN) has been established as a safe and effective medical intervention for treating resistant hypertension, with approval from the Food and Drug Administration and endorsement by guidelines such as those of the European Society of Cardiology (2023) and the American Heart Association. However, with the advent of various types of RDN methods, including radiofrequency-, ultrasound-, and alcohol-based techniques, debates have intensified regarding their comparative efficacy and safety. Additionally, researchers have expanded their focus to consider outcomes beyond hypertension management. Most studies have demonstrated that this non-pharmacologic treatment significantly improves systolic and diastolic 24-hour ambulatory and office blood pressure in both the short- and long-term. Despite these findings, the social and psychological impacts of RDN on a broader scale have been less frequently discussed. Given the high burden of hypertension and its complications, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, this intervention could substantially enhance the quality of life and mental health of affected populations. Non-adherence to antihypertensive medications remains a critical challenge, driven by factors such as side effects, pregnancy, financial constraints, psychiatric disorders, and polypharmacy with its associated consequences. Renal denervation, by improving blood pressure control, offers the potential to enhance quality of life and reduce the incidence of severe physical and mental health conditions. This study provides a comprehensive perspective on this advanced treatment, emphasizing its impact on individual and societal well-being, physical health, and mental health.
The Impacts of Hesperidin on Motor-Cognitive Disorders, Oxidative Damage, and Cholinergic Function in the Hippocampus of a Parkinson's Disease Rat Model
Authors: Abdollahnejad Banaderi Amer , Rafiei Rad Maryam , Edalatmanesh Mohammad Amin , Forozanfar Mohsen
Published: December 2024

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents a neurodegenerative condition where oxidative stress significantly contributes to its underlying pathology. Antioxidant agents may reduce neuronal degeneration. Objectives: This research explores the impact of hesperidin (HES) on the hippocampus's antioxidant capacity and cholinergic function as well as its effects on memory enhancement and offer neuroprotective benefits in a rat PD model elicited by reserpine (RES). Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to five experimental groups: The control group, a group receiving HES vehicle (normal saline, NS) combined with RES vehicle (VR + NS), a group treated with RES (0.2 mg/kg for 13 days, intraperitoneally) along with NS (RES + NS), a group administered HES (100 mg/kg for 14 days, orally) plus RES vehicle (HES + VR), and finally the group receiving both RES and HES. Following treatment, assessments for catalepsy and memory were performed. The enzymatic activity within the hippocampus, specifically for catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), was measured employing the ELISA method. Simultaneously, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was quantified employing the thiobarbituric acid assay, while we evaluated the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) using the Ellman method in the hippocampus. Neuronal density in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions was assessed using stereological techniques. Results: The results indicated a significant decrease in cataleptic behavior, AChE activity, and MDA levels, along with an increase in CAT, SOD, GPx, and neuronal density in both CA1 and CA3 regions, alongside enhancements in working and avoidance memory in the RES + HES group in relation to the RES + NS group. Also, HES inhibited the RES-elicited rise in AChE levels within the hippocampus. Conclusions: Hesperidin enhances the hippocampus's antioxidant function, regulates cholinergic activity, and offers neuroprotection against RES-elicited motor-cognitive impairments.
Conflict of Laws, the Ordre Public Reservation and the Nuremberg Laws in British Jurisprudence... in the 1930s and 1940s
Authors: Maliňák Lukáš
Published: December 2024

The article presents the case law of the British courts in the 1930s and 1940s, that dealt with the law applicable and, where appropriate, the forum. Specifically, cases in which the application of the Private International Law and its principles pointed to German (Nazi) law as the law applicable or referred the forum to Germany (the then Third Reich). The article presents a summary of these decisions through the eyes of the British courts and how they dealt with the issue.
Interest on Irregular Deposit in Roman Law
Authors: Dvorský Václav
Published: December 2024

This article examines the treatment of interest on an irregular deposit in Roman law. D. 16.3.24 and D. 16.3.25.1 by Papinian suggest that the depositee was obligated to pay interest for late payments (usurae ex mora). Additionally, D. 16.3.24 along with D. 16.3.26.1, D. 16.3.28, and D. 16.3.29.1, imply that interest could be due for the entire duration of the payment period if agreed upon by the parties (usurae ex pacto). However, a closer analysis reveals that, under classical Roman law, a depositor was not entitled to receive interest before default (ante moram). This stance evolved by the time of Justinianic law, which permitted interest for the entire duration of the contract, reflecting post-classical legal developments and the convergence of various contractual actions.
A Legal-Historical Perspective on Romani Slavery in Wallachia and Moldavia
Authors: Kovács Bence
Published: December 2024

The entirety of the Romani community experienced a unique and overlooked chapter in world history through its enslavement in the two Romanian principalities, a status that persisted from their arrival until the mid-19th century. This phenomenon is currently unknown to the larger Romanian society as well as the majority of the descendants of the liberated Romanies. The study presents a brief legal-historical examination of this 500-year period, exploring the emergence of slavery, the various criteria used to classify the Romanies, the legal frameworks regulating slavery, the distinct legal status of slaves, and their eventual legal emancipation at the dawn of the modern era.
APPLICATION EFFECT OF HAND MIXER AND OVERHEAD MIXER ON MIXING PERFORMANCE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL LEATHER
Authors: Nurhidayati Dewi
Published: December 2024

The mixing process is necessary for the manufacture of a product, one of which is the manufacturing process of artificial leather. The mixing process in the manufacture of artificial leather aims to mix raw materials and additives such as fillers, stabilizers, plasticizers, and others. The mixing process is carried out using a mixer. This study aims to determine the effect of using mixers that have different specifications. The mixer used is the Hand Mixer Miyako SM-625 with the Overhead Mixer IK RW 20. Both of these mixers have differences in speed and type of agitator.From the results of organoleptic test, both of these mixers there was no difference. But the results of the physical test showed that the values of tensile strength, elongation, and tear strength were higher when using the IK RW 20 Overhead Mixer. This indicated that both mixers could be used in the manufacture of artificial leather, but to obtain measurable test results, using the IK RW 20 Overhead Mixer was recommended, seen from the difference in each of the physical test parameters.
THE EFFECT OF PIGMENT ADDITION ON TRASH BAG MADE FROM RECYCLE HDPE
Authors: Gerby Rifan , Hermiyati Indri
Published: December 2024

Trash bag is a product of plastic film in the form of bubbles which is produced using extrusion blown film and coextrusion blown film machines. Trash bags have a variety of colors and sizes. The color of the trash bag comes from pigment additives. The addition of pigments to trash bags is not only to increase their aesthetic value, but can also have an impact on the mechanical properties and water resistance of finished goods. Therefore, experiments were carried out to make trash bags with variations in the addition of pigments (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%), HDPE recycle (60%), LLDPE recycle (40%), desiccant (5%). The experiment was conducted at PT Sang Plastik Indonesia. The purpose of the experiment was to find out the process of making trash bags, the exact formulation, and the mechanical properties and resistance to water. The process of making trash bags uses an extrusion blown film machine at a temperature of 190-195°C. The process of testing the mechanical properties consisting of tensile strength and tear strength was carried out six times for each trash bag sample using a universal testing machine, while the water resistance test was carried out by soaking each sample for 24 hours. The results of the trash bag tensile strength test with the addition of 0% pigment was 6.8 MPa, 5% pigment was 6.7 MPa, 10% pigment was 6.2 MPa, and 15% pigment was 6.1 MPa. The results of the tear strength test of the trash bag with the addition of 0% pigment was 1.8 N, 5% pigment was 1.7 N, 10% pigment was 1.6 N, and 15% pigment was 1.3 N. The results of the trash bag water resistance test with the addition of 0% pigment was 98.10%, 5% pigment is 99.13%, 10% pigment is 98.39%, and 15% pigment is 99.66%.
HE USE OF CROSS LINKER IN UPHOLSTERY LEATHER FINISHING COATING
Authors: Kurnia Putri Endah , Rachmawati Laili , Lubis Dina Mariana Uli , Abdullah Sofwan Siddiq , Robbika Fadzkurisma
Published: December 2024

Leather upholstery must have good rub resistance, adhesion, and flexing resistance to be able for a long time. This study aims to determine the correct amount of cross linker use to obtain the good rub resistance, adhesion, and flexing resistance upholstery of the leather upholstery finishing coat. Crust leather, adhesive solvent, diluent solvent, penetrator, medium light polyurethane, light polyurethane, aliphatic polyurethane, cross linker, spray gun, flex meter, rubbing fastness tester, and grey scale are used as material. Upholstery leather finishing consist of base, medium and top coat. The method is addition of 2, 3, and 4% cross linker from the total of top coat composition. The result of wet rubbing resistance test are very faded (value=1) when using 2% cross linker, medium faded (value=3) when using 3% cross linker, very no faded (value=5) when using 4% cross linker. The dry rubbing resistance of each treatment showed no difference. Adhesion value (≤12.0 N) and flexing resistance (no crack) for all treatment met the requirement. It can be concluded that the use of a cross linker of 4% in the top coat finishing produces the best test value.
OPTIMIZATION OF CYCLE TIME AND REDUCTION OF TAILED ON TOP DEFECTS IN BOTTLE CAPS USING TAGUCHI METHOD
Authors: Pratiwi Nanda , Arief Diana Ross , Suseno Herry , Dhuha Adam Dio Zaidan
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal cycle time and reduced defects of tailed on top in bottle cap products. Defects of tailed on top are defects in the form of residual plastic material that hardens at the top of the bottle cap where the material enters when injected. The method used in this final project was to conduct an experimental design using orthogonal array by varying the influential parameters and ANOVA calculation. Furthermore, this paper also calculated the Taguchi method by using Minitab 18 software. The result show that the optimal condition is combination parameters cooling time of 8 seconds, injection time of 2.10 seconds and hot runner nozzle temperature of 230oC produces a cycle time value of 17,11 seconds and percentage defects 1,56%.
LIMIT OF DETECTION (LOD) AND LIMIT OF QUANTITATION (LOQ) OF DR 1900 SPECTROPHOTOMETER FOR DYES ANALYSIS
Authors: Wijayanti  , Rochmah Siti
Published: December 2024

Dyes is not easily degraded in the environment. It can be causing environmental pollution. The concentration of these dyes must be monitored when using it in a process. The most common method to measuring dye’s concentration is spectrometry, such as using dr 1900 spectrophotometer. There for, it necessary to know the limit of detection (lod) and limit of quantitation (loq) of the spectrophotometer. This study aims to determine the ability of the dr 1900 spectrophotometer to analyze ay-25 by determining the lod dan loq values. The results showed that the lod value was 0.01871 mg/l and the loq was 0.02308 mg/l. This means that dr 1900 spectrophotometer is capable pf providing a response for the analysis of ay-25 dye with a minimum analyte amount of 0.01871 mg/l, and if the measurement f ay-25 dye using the dr 1900 spectrophotometer show a value of 0.02308 mg/l or higher, then the mausrement results are considered to have a good accuracy and precision.
ANALYSIS OF WATER ABSORPTION AND TOTAL CHROME LEACHING TEST USING ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER (AAS) ON PAVING BLOCK SAMPLES MADE FROM WASTE LEATHER SHAVING
Authors: Warmiati  , Windiastuti Septiyana
Published: December 2024

Shaving waste from leather tanning can be utilized as a filler material in the production of concrete blocks. The manufactured concrete blocks are subsequently subjected to immersion for durations of 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days. Subsequently, the leached total chromium content from the soaked concrete blocks is tested using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 6989-84:2019, which outlines the procedure for testing dissolved and total metal content through atomic absorption spectrometry. Additionally, water absorption testing is conducted according to SNI 03-0349:1989 for concrete blocks used in wall construction. The aim of this research is twofold: to determine the water absorption capacity of three sample variations and compare the results against the SNI, and to ascertain the leached chromium concentration from the soaked blocks over a time range of 1 to 14 days, using an atomic absorption spectrometer and referring to the established environmental quality standards. The results obtained from testing the total chromium content released from the soaked concrete blocks meet the requirements of the quality standards for chromium content in leather tanning wastewater, as specified in Ministerial Regulation No. 5 of 2014 (maximum of 0.6 mg/L) and Local Regulation of Yogyakarta Special Region No. 7 of 2016 (maximum of 0.5 mg/L). Meanwhile, the water absorption testing outcomes for the concrete block samples derived from shaving waste comply with the stipulations of SNI 03-0349:1989. Sample codes A and B meet the criteria for quality level 1, with a maximum absorption of 25%, while sample code C meets quality level II standards.
THE EFFECT OF COMBINATION VEGETABLE TANNING MATERIALS AND SULPHITED OIL ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF JACKET LEATHER
Authors: Susanto Heru Budi , Ajie Baskoro
Published: December 2024

This research was aimed to determine the combination of vegetable tanning materials and Sulphited oil on the physical properties namely tensile strength, oil content, elongation, softness and shrinkage temperature and determine the factors that affect tensile strength, oil content, elongation, softness and shrinkage temperature leather tanning results. Raw hides/skins were processed up to acidification, pH was set to be 5 then tanned with the variation of vegetable tannin 15%, 17,5% and 20% respectively. Fatliquoring process used sulphited oil with variation of 12%, 15% and 18%. The jacket leather produced were tested using SNI 4593:2011. From this combination of treatment provided 9 (nine) treatment variation, each treatment was preformed triplicate. The results showed that the combination of vegetable tanning materials, 17.5% and 12% of sulphited oil was the result of variation in the optimum treatment for the leather to produce 208.29 N/mm2 tensile strength, oil content of 10.02%, 50.39% elongation and softness 5.13 mm and meets the requirements of SNI 4593: 2011 with the temperature shrinkage was at 79 oC.  From the analysis of variance showed vegetable tanning material is the dominant factor affecting the tensile strength, oil conten and shringkage temperature. Sulphited oil is a factor that affects the oil content, elongation and softness.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemberian Kredit Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Menggunakan Metode MARCOS dan Rank Order Centroid
Authors: Badiwibowo Atim Sandi
Published: December 2024

Savings and loan cooperatives are an economic organization that aims to provide financial support to their members through savings and lending mechanisms.  The problem experienced by XYZ savings and loan cooperatives is that no creditworthiness assessment system exists in the cooperative. The credit granting process is carried out by conducting a survey from survey officers through forms, submission requirements, and member business taxation formats to conduct committee meetings. This study aims to apply a decision model in lending to savings and loan cooperative customers by applying the MARCOS method with the centroid rank order weighting method so that the results of applying this method become a decision recommendation for the cooperative in determining credit. The ranking results above show the recommendation for providing the first credit to customer 5 with a final value of 0.89323 getting rank 1, then customer 6 with a final value of 0.82269 getting rank 2, and customer 2 with a final value of 0.78972 getting rank 3.
Perancangan User Interface Pada Aplikasi E-Commerce Petshop Happypals Dengan Metode Desain Thinking
Authors: Nisa' Choirun , Anugrah Prasetya Rajawali Shatika , Rahmadewi Cynthia Dwi , Nurdianto Muhammad Akbar , Aziz Muhammad Hilmy , Maulana Hendra
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang aplikasi petshop HappyPals berbasis Android yang memudahkan pemilik hewan peliharaan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hewan peliharaan mereka. Menggunakan metode Design Thinking, penelitian ini melalui lima tahapan utama: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, dan test. Proses empathize melibatkan survei untuk memahami kebutuhan pengguna, yang kemudian didefinisikan dan dianalisis pada tahap define. Pada tahap ideate, ide-ide kreatif dikumpulkan melalui brainstorming untuk mengembangkan solusi yang efektif. Prototype dibuat untuk menguji desain , dan kemudian diuji kepada pengguna untuk mendapatkan feedback. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi HappyPals dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan pengguna dalam berbelanja produk hewan peliharaan secara online, dengan fitur lengkap seperti informasi produk, fitur komunitas, konsultasi gratis, layanan pengiriman, dan sistem ulasan produk. Uji coba prototype menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini mudah dipahami dan diterima dengan baik oleh pengguna, dengan mayoritas responden menyatakan aplikasi ini sangat mudah dipahami.
Kombinasi Metode Pembobotan Entropy dan Grey Relational Analysis dalam Pemilihan Pelanggan Terbaik
Authors: Handoko Dwi
Published: December 2024

The best customers are individuals or groups who not only consistently make purchases, but also show high loyalty to a company's products or services. The purpose of the research of the combination of Entropy and GRA weighting methods in selecting the best customers is to use a more objective and accurate approach in evaluating customers based on various relevant criteria. By utilizing the Entropy method, this study aims to objectively determine the weight of the criteria, based on the variation of customer assessment data. Once the criteria weights are determined, the GRA is used to analyze the relationship between the customer and the ideal solution, so that it can identify the customer closest to the best customer profile. The results of the best customer ranking show that Customer 2 occupies the top position with a value of 0.17819, indicating that this customer has the best performance in meeting the specified criteria. Followed by Customer 6 who obtained a value of 0.17794, which also showed excellent performance. The results of this ranking provide clear insights into customer profiles and can be the basis for formulating better strategies in customer relationship management.