bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global systematic assessment of Indigenous participation and inclusion in water governance
Authors: Kasuri Laila , Collins Alexandra , Watkins Sam
Published: December 2024

Despite the widely acknowledged importance of involving Indigenous peoples in decision-making processes around water, no comprehensive systematic review has examined how Indigenous peoples participate in water governance processes. This paper provides the first global systematic assessment of peer-reviewed literature on Indigenous peoples’ participation and inclusion in water governance. A total of 222 peer-reviewed journal articles were reviewed, encompassing 182 case studies across 15 countries. The majority of reviewed articles (85%) focused on settler-colonial nations—Australia, Canada, the U.S., and New Zealand—while regions like Africa and Asia remain underrepresented in the literature. Findings also indicate that most Indigenous participation occurs domestically, primarily at local levels, with limited examples of Indigenous participation at the global scale. Moreover, only 18% of the studies of participation gave any consideration to Indigenous values and knowledge. Gaps include limited studies with evaluation of Indigenous participation and detailed accounts of participatory processes, highlighting priorities for future research.
A Potential Hybrid Deep Learning Approach to Temperature Prediction Using MODIS Satellite Data and Historical Records
Authors: Shahvar Mohsen Pourmohammad , Valenti Davide , Farina Vittorio , Collura Alfonso , Micciche Salvatore , Marsella Giovanni
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a novel hybrid approach for forecasting daily temperatures by integrating satellite imagery from MODIS Terra and Aqua with historical temperature records using a ResNet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The focus is on Acquedolci and Caronia, Sicily, regions with extensive mango plantations where accurate temperature forecasts are essential for crop protection and yield optimization. By leveraging the ResNet architecture’s capability to extract spatial features, combined with XGBoost and ARIMA for tabular data integration and residual correction, the model excels at identifying spatial and temporal patterns. The results demonstrate the potential of this approach to improve agricultural forecasting and climate modeling, paving the way for enhanced environmental monitoring and precise agricultural planning.
Design and preclinical assessment of mRNA-1345 prefusion F glycoprotein-encoding mRNA vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Shaw Christine A. , Stewart-Jones Guillaume B. E. , Jorquera Patricia , Narayanan Elisabeth , Elbashir Sayda , Kaplonek Paulina , Ma LingZhi , Hunter Naila , Hanahoe Erin , Ketova Tatiana , Mihai Cosmin , Mani Sachin , Ong Edison , Presnyak Vlad , Rabideau Amy E. , Reid David W. , Woods Angela , Carfi Andrea
Published: December 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract disease in young children and older adults. We designed a codon optimized mRNA vaccine, mRNA-1345, that encodes the RSV F-glycoprotein stabilized in the prefusion (preF) conformation and with a deletion at the cytoplasmic tail. mRNA-1345 protein expression was higher in vitro versus previous mRNA-based RSV vaccine candidates evaluated clinically. In rodent models, mRNA-1345 induced a robust neutralizing and preF-biased antibody response, a T helper 1-biased cellular response, and demonstrated dose-dependent protection against RSV challenge with no evidence of enhanced respiratory disease. These findings underscored the potential of mRNA-1345 as an effective RSV vaccine and are substantiated by clinical data demonstrating efficacy of mRNA-1345 in older adults.
Japanese experience of newborn screening for lysosomal storage diseases and adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Onuki Takanori , Tajika Makiko , Sugiyama Yohei , Shimura Masaru , Ichimoto Keiko , Tanaka Toju , Nyuzuki Hiromi , Kosuga Motomichi , Migita Ohsuke , Ito Tetsuya , Sasai Hideo , Bo Ryosuke , Hamada Junpei , Takashi Hamazaki , Sakai Norio , Inoue Takahito , Nakamura Kimitoshi , Okuyama Torayuki , Murayama Kei
Published: December 2024

Background: Recently, Newborn screening (NBS) has been extended worldwide to include Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) and adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) as the importance of early diagnosis and early treatment. In Japan, NBS for LSDs, called expanded NBS, started in Kumamoto prefecture in 2006 as pilot study. NBS For ALD started in Aichi prefecture and Gifu prefecture in 2021. Expanded NBS for LSDs and ALD has spread increasingly in Japan. In light of this current situation, we considered it is necessary to clarify the usefulness of expanded NBS, prevalence of each disease, problems and issues. Therefore, we reported the current status of expanded NBS in Japan.
Method: A survey was conducted on representative physicians of expanded NBS in each target region Japan. The target regions were regions conducting NBS for LSDs and/or ALD for more than one year. The survey items were as follows: the entity conducting expanded NBS, the facilities conducting the tests, the target areas, medical institutions for close examination such as detailed biochemical analysis and/or genetic sequencing, and treatments, types of target diseases, fee for NBS, sample collection methods, testing method, and the number of taking expanded NBS, retesting, and diagnoses in each area.
Results: Responses were received from nine regions and an organization (CReARID). The total number of 733,838 newborns were tested, of whom 101 (75 with FD, 10 with mucopolysaccharidosis [MPS] II, 8 with Pompe disease [PD], 5 with Gaucher disease [GD], 2 with MPS I, 1 with ALD, respectively) were diagnosed. More cases were diagnosed with the target disease than the estimated prevalence. In contrast, the positive predictive value was low and false-positive rates was high, particularly for PD, MPS II, and ALD, have been attributed to pseudodeficiency alleles and methodological differences. Moreover, variant of unknown significance (VUS) in the ABCD1 gene was detected in many of the patients with suspected ALD.
Conclusion:In Japan, expanded NBS for LSDs and ALD is spreading increasingly. Some patients were diagnosed and received treatment. However, there are problems such as pseudodeficiency, indications, testing methods, and VUS that require improvement.
МЫСЛЕННЫЙ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТ,ЕГО РОЛЬ В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ НАУКЕ
Authors: Микешина Л.А.
Published: December 2024

С целью изучения и развития эпистемологии социально-гуманитарного знания рассматривается частная, но принципиально значимая эпистемологическая проблема – возможность мысленного эксперимента (МЭ) в науке истории. Показаны методология и значение МЭ в естествознании, в частности, в истории физической науки, а также в эпистемологии гуманитарного знания на примере трудов В.Ф. Одоевского. Особое внимание уделено классическим формам МЭ в современной исторической науке, на примере «Метаистории» Х. Уайта и исследований средневековых феноменов «безмолвствующего большинства» (А.Я. Гуревич) и возникновения представлений о чистилище (Ж. Ле Гофф, А.Я. Гуревич).

To investigate and develop the epistemology of social studies and the humanities, this paper examines some special features of historical studies methodologies, and, in particular, how thought experiments are possible in historical studies. To begin with, the methodology and significance of thought experiments are shown in connection to the history of physics and the humanities. The main attention is paid to thought experiments and their classical forms in historical studies: H. White’s “Metahistory”, J. Le Goff’s thought experiment as an idea of value orientations generation and its justification, studies of “silent majority” and the conception of purgatory (J. Le Goff, A. Gurevich).
О ПОЛЬЗЕ ПРЕЗЕНТИЗМА,ИЛИ КАК ИЗУЧАТЬ ИСТОКИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ГОСУДАРСТВАВ ОЖИДАНИИ ЕГО ОТМИРАНИЯ
Authors: Цатурова С.К.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу обновления политической истории в медиевистике, под воздействием эпистомологического кризиса рубежа XX–XXI вв. Назревшая необходимость системного и междисциплинарного подхода наиболее эффективно реализуется в сфере изучения истории форм власти и построения государства. Одним из перспективных способов по-новому изучать истоки формирования в Средние века государства современного типа является презентизм. Он оправдан феноменом государства как явления «большой длительности», а также природой политической истории как опоры гражданского общества и национальной исторической памяти. Особое внимание в статье обращено на сложную взаимосвязь власти и общества в качестве нового подхода к изучению исторических форм властвования.

The paper discusses the regeneration of the political history in medieval studies, under the influence of anepistemological crisis at the turn of the 20th -21st cс. The urgent need for systemic and interdisciplinary approaches is effectively implemented in the study of the history of forms of power and statecraft. One of the most promising ways to study the origins of the formation the Modern national State in the Middle Ages is presentism. It is justified by the comprehension of the State as a phenomenon of "long duration", and by the interpretation of political history as the basis of civil society and national historical memory. Special attention is drawn to the complex relationship of power and society as a new approach to the study of historical forms of ruling.
РАЗВИТИЕ БРИТАНСКОГО ИСТОРИОГРАФИЧЕСКОГОКАНОНА ПОЗДНЕГО ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЯII. МИКРОСТРУКТУРА «ИСТОРИИ УПАДКА И РАЗРУШЕНИЯРИМСКОЙ ИМПЕРИИ» Э. ГИББОНА
Authors: Рудковская И.Е.
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируется микроструктура «Истории упадка и разрушения Римской империи» Э. Гиббона. Выделенные в комплексах рубрик на полях его книг повторяющиеся, однотипные, кросс-сегментарные рубрики рассматриваются как маркеры целенаправленных усилий историка по систематизации исторических фактов.

The article analyzes the peculiarity of the microstructure of the «History of the decline and fall of the Roman empire». Duplicate, similar, cross-segmental rubrics, which are distinguished in the complexes of rubrics in the fields of the work by E. Gibbon, are considered as markers of dedicated efforts of the researcher to systematize historical facts.
ПУТЕШЕСТВИЯ К АПОСТОЛЬСКОЙ КУРИИ И ОБРАТНО В XII в.В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПАПСКОГО ПРАВОСУДИЯ
Authors: Петрухина Т.Ю.
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу на материале английских источников практики путешествий к Апостольской курии и обратно с судебными целями. Ставится вопрос о пре-делах сопоставления таких путешествий с паломническими практиками, а также о влиянии нерегламентированных судебных практик на ход канонического процесса.

This article is based on the sources of English origin and is dedicated to the journeys to the Apostolic See and back for the judicial purposes. The author discusses the limitations of comparison between these journeys and the pilgrimage and the influence of non-regulated judicial practices on the canonical process.
Educação alimentar e prevenção da cárie: relato de experiência em uma comunidade ribeirinha na Amazônia
Authors: SOUSA Marcos de , TAVARES Thayna Silva do Carmo , PINHEIRO JUNIOR Jesus Maués
Published: December 2024

O presente relato de experiência descreve e analisa o projeto de extensão 'Educação alimentar e ecológica associada à prevenção da cárie dentária', desenvolvido em uma comunidade ribeirinha do Estuário Amazônico na Usina Vitória, localizada na Ilha das Onças, município de Barcarena/PA. Motivado pelos altos índices de cárie e falta de saneamento básico, o projeto de educação alimentar e ecológica foi realizado para prevenção da cárie. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura que identificou boas práticas de educação alimentar e ecológica, e de produção de alimentos saudáveis com potencial de prevenção à cárie. Após a revisão integrativa, uma oficina de educação alimentar e ecológica voltada para saúde bucal foi realizada na comunidade. Este projeto apresentou uma proposta de abordagem prática de educação alimentar e ecológica para o cultivo de hortaliças ricas em flúor, aproveitando materiais recicláveis.
Triple fixed combination for asthma patients
Authors: Demko I. V. , Sobko E. A. , Kraposhina A. Yu.
Published: December 2024

Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the most common respiratory diseases. The primary purpose of BA treatment is to achieve disease control on a case-to-case basis. The disease control concept refers to not only the current control over symptoms, but also the risk of adverse outcomes in the future. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids (ICS) remain the mainstay of treatment for adult patients with AB. Long-acting e2-agonists (LABA) are recommended to all patients who continue to experience symptoms as add-on therapy to medium- or high-dose ICS as the preferred option for controlled treatment at stages 4 and 5. However, despite LABA / ICS therapy, some patients may still exhibit uncontrolled asthma, in which case long-acting anticholinergics (LAMA) should be included in the treatment regimen. Concurrent use of multiple and often different medications poses a significant burden for patients with BA. The presence of LABA / LAMA / ICS in a single inhaler can ensure the best medication adherence in patients with asthma. This therapy option is indicated for patients with persistent asthma uncontrolled with medium- or high-dose ICS + LABA and patients receiving medium- and high-dose ICS / LABA / tiotropium bromide in multiple inhalers. This will enhance BA control, which has been proven in a number of clinical studies. In the clinical case under discussion, a patient with severe BA had to be prescribed a disease-modifying drug in the form of a triple fixed-dose combination in a single inhaler to improve disease control, which led to increased tolerance of physical activities, absence of asthma attacks, shortness of breath, night symptoms, the need for short-acting e2-agonists (SABA), and calls for emergency medical service.
The role of pulmonary surfactant in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary diseases and the prospects of surfactant therapy in COVID-19
Authors: Bliznova I. V. , Tolmacheva L. N. , Danilova M. S. , Bontsevich R. A.
Published: December 2024

The current understanding of the main functions of surfactant, data on its composition, and its role in dysfunction and pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary pathology are discussed. The paper presents new information about the results and prospects of surfactant therapy for bronchopulmonary pathology. The use of surfactant in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults has been studied. An analysis of the composition of commercial drug products is conducted, and the current experience of replacement therapy with the exogenous surfactant preparation Surfactant-BL in infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) is provided. Personal experience in the use of the drug Surfactant-BL for treating patients with COVID-19 infection in real clinical practice is also presented using the example of 8 individuals. All patients (male and female) were over 18 years old, had a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, showed changes on chest CT scans (CT-2+), were undergoing oxygen therapy by any method, and had CRP > 30 mg/L. Surfactant-BL was administered to all patients as an inhaled emulsion at doses of 75-150 mg. An increase in oxygen saturation was observed in 1 (12.5%) patient 1 day after inhalation of the drug Surfactant-BL, in 4 (50%) patients on the 2nd day, and in 3 (12.5%) patients on the 7th day. The average duration of oxygen therapy was 4 days, and mechanical ventilation was 7 days. The average hospital stay of the patients was 25 days, which was reduced to 20 days after the use of Surfactant-B L. The drug Surfactant-BL demonstrated effectiveness; however, further research is needed as the authors have a limited number of cases studied.
Targeted therapy as a new perspective in the treatment of COPD
Authors: Trushenko N. V. , Lavginova B. B. , Belkina O. S. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: December 2024

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by persistent airflow limitation caused by chronic airway inflammation in response to harmful particles and gases. The diversity of clinical manifestations and pathophysiological mechanisms necessitates an individualized approach to treatment. The disease is driven by inflammatory processes, including the activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and T-cells, as well as the release of various inflammatory mediators that contribute to chronic airway damage. In recent years, attention has turned to eosinophilic inflammation, traditionally associated with asthma, which is also found in a significant portion of COPD patients. Eosinophilia is observed in a considerable number of COPD patients and is associated with more severe disease and an increased risk of exacerbations. However, data on the role of eosinophils in COPD are mixed: some studies find no difference in disease severity between high- and low-eosinophil groups, while others confirm an elevated risk of exacerbations in patients with high eosinophil levels. A promising therapeutic agent in this area is dupilumab — a monoclonal antibody that blocks interleukin-4 and -13 receptors, demonstrating the ability to reduce exacerbation frequency and improve lung function in COPD patients by targeting eosinophilic inflammation. Clinical trial results indicate that dupilumab provides significant clinical improvement and may become an important tool in treating eosinophilic COPD, offering a new approach based on the molecular understanding of the disease. This publication presents the latest data on the use of dupilumab in COPD treatment.
Modifying Fermented Dairy Products with Selenium-Based Nanosystems
Authors: Rekhman Zafar , Blinova Anastasia , Golik Alexey , Askerova Alina , Nazaretova Ekaterina , Blinov Andrey
Published: December 2024

The article introduces a new method of synthesizing selenium-based nanosystems stabilized by biologically active substances. Bovine serum albumin served as the stabilizer with selenic acid as the precursor and ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. The method of photon correlation spectroscopy demonstrated the average hydrodynamic radius of 40 nm. The physicochemical analysis revealed no significant effect on the titratable or active acidity of the medium. However, the additive improved the sensory profile of the final fermented product.
Glycomacropeptides as Indicator of Fake Skim Milk Powder
Authors: Melnikova Elena , Stanislavskaya Ekaterina , Kuznetsova Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Milk powder is a popular ingredient in various branches of the food industry. However, skim milk powder is often made of whey, which classifies as food fraud. Glycomacropeptide analysis can detect whey in milk powder. The biological and functional properties of glycomacropeptides depend on glycosylated heterogeneous carbohydrate chains. The colorimetric and fluorimetric method of detecting glycomacropeptide analysis relies on detecting sialic acid. The article describes the advantages and disadvantages of such methods of glycomacropeptide tests as polyacrylamide gel or capillary electrophoresis, as well as immunological, biosensor, and chromatographic methods. A universal glycomacropeptide test that could detect whey in milk powder remains an urgent task that requires further research and practical implementation.
Gas-Forming Activity of Leuconostoc Collection Cultures
Authors: Kucherenko Irina , Kuraeva Elena , Duganova Anna
Published: December 2024

Leuconostoc bacteria are known to possess gas-forming properties. This research featured microorganisms from the experimental biofactory at the Federal Scientific Center for Food Systems, Uglich. The samples were subjected to optimal and minimal temperatures in nutrient media with different sodium citrate contents. The intensity of gas formation depended on the leuconostoc strain, as well as on the temperature conditions and citrate content. The gas-forming properties of leuconostocs proved to be an important variable for selecting proper bacterial starters during the production of low-temperature cheeses and cottage cheese.
Extraction methods: Effects on the contents of bioactive compounds and anti-oxidant activity of Coriolosis aspera mycelia
Authors: Thu Le Minh , Thuan Nguyen Ngoc , Nguyen Luu Thao , Mai Dam Sao , Phuong Do Viet
Published: December 2024

Coriolosis aspera has been known as a medicinal mushroom commonly used in Vietnam, China, and certain regions in South Asia. It has many health-beneficial effects, namely anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, and anti-antioxidant. Despite these advantages, the rigid and durable cell walls of C. aspera pose challenges during chemical or mechanical extraction processes.
We aimed to identify the optimal method for extracting bioactive compounds from C. aspera among hot-water extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted alkali extraction, and ultrasound-assisted liquid nitrogen extraction.
Among these methods, a combination of liquid nitrogen treatment (with a material-to-nitrogen ratio of 1:6) and ultrasoundassisted extraction (15 min) proved to be the most effective. This method yielded the highest concentrations of polyphenols (4.69 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g dry weight), flavonoids (0.88 ± 0.01 mg QE/g dry weight), and triterpenoids (1.28 ± 0.01 mg OAE/g dry weight). Additionally, it exhibited a notable antioxidant activity of 3.48 ± 0.01 μg acid ascorbic/g Dry weight. The scanning electron microscope images indicated that ultrasound-assisted liquid nitrogen extraction was the only method able to effectively disrupt the cell walls of C. aspera.
Our study contributes to the potential application of C. aspera in developing functional foods. It emphasizes the importance of effective extraction techniques in discovering medicinal properties of the mushroom.
Barnûf leaves: antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antithyroid, and anticancer properties
Authors: Essa Rowida Younis , Elsebaie Essam Mohamed , Abdelrhman Wesam Mohamed , Badr Mohamed Reda
Published: December 2024

Barnûf (Pluchea dioscoridis L.) is a wild plant that grows in Egypt. Barnûf leaves are utilized as a folk medicine, as well as part of food and drink formulations. Their numerous biological benefits include anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
We examined the antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antithyroid, and anticancer activities of methanol, ethanol, and acetone extracts of barnûf leaves.
The methanol extract exhibited the highest total phenolic (241.50 ± 3.71 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (256.18 ± 3.19 mg QE/g extract) contents. All three extracts proved to possess good antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antithyroid, and anticancer activities. Ellagic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid in the methanolic (30.33%) and ethanolic (24.71%) extracts. The antioxidant experiments revealed that the methanolic extract had potent DPPH• (IC50 = 18.21 μg/mL) and ABTS•+ (IC50 = 17.6 μg/mL) scavenging properties. The acetone extract demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity against gramnegative bacteria. Regarding α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, the methanolic extract showed the most potent activity with IC50 values of 104.28 ± 1.97 and 133.76 ± 2.09 μg/mL, respectively. The methanolic extract also proved to be the strongest inhibitor of lipase and thyroid peroxidase, with IC50 values of 127.35 and 211.2 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the methanolic extract showed the strongest anticancer activity against MCF7-1 and H1299-1 lines with IC50 values of 29.3 and 18.4 μg/mL, respectively.
The findings suggest that barnûf leaf extracts could be used in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
Network media resources of the exhibition “Russia” and representation of the symbolic capital of the territories
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Kaminskaia Tat’iana L. , Zvereva Ekaterina A. ,   Derzavin Tambov State University, Shesterina Alla M. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2024

The media content of the network resources of the exhibition- forum “Russia”, containing the symbolic capital of the territories, was studied using the example of three regions: Voronezh, Novgorod and Tambov. To achieve this goal, discursive and communicative- pragmatic approaches were used to take into account the linguistic and thematic aspects of the representation of the symbolic capital of territories in the general social field of virtual communication. Using the method of discourse analysis, based on the theory of Pierre Bourdieu, the authors draw attention to the concepts of “symbolic capital” and “cultural memory” in the context of territorial marketing carried out by media channels. The research issues are related to the implementation of the exhibition’s objective as the country’s flagship project to obtain image effects for Russian territories in the context of relying on domestic tourism and import substitution. It is noted that network media resources created to promote the exhibition as an event extended over time have become not only representatives of the symbolic capital of the territories, but also its generators through the use of interactive communication with the audience. It has been revealed that the symbolic capital of Russian territories with different tourism and resource potential is presented mainly through the following vectors: world-famous persons and characters (“geniuses of the locus”) associated with a given territory; artifacts that are given the status of territorial symbols; the latest technological developments and sites that shape ideas about the future. Epithets are widely used to demonstrate the uniqueness of objects and statistical data, as well as metaphorization. As part of engaging communication on network resources, territories are fighting at the symbolic level, first of all, for famous people who can become brands of different regions.
Semantic “portraits” of the Russian “media center” and “media periphery”: Lexical-statistical and ideographic analysis
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Sumskaya Anna S. , Islonova Yosuman G. ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2024

The study tests the concept of “media center — media periphery” by specifying ideas about media inequality in Russian territories. The purpose of the study is to identify semantic “portraits” of the Russian “media center” and “media periphery” by using lexical-statistical analysis of the intentions of text authors — representatives of institutional and civic journalism. The study was carried out in the Ural Federal District in 2022, a pivotal year for the world. The empirical base included 7,541 texts, of which 1,281 were addressed to the “media periphery” (48,532 words) and 6,260 — to the “media center” (354,795 words). The most frequent and “strong” vocabulary was identified in the text corpora. The analysis allowed us to combine “strong” keywords and phrases into lexical-semantic (ideographic) groups and formulate semantic “portraits” of the Ural media-central and media-peripheral territories. As a result, it was proven that the semantic core of the media-central territory was focused on business development, activities of government agencies, socio-political activity, and related communication, while the semantic core of media periphery was focused on the social sphere, healthcare, state subsidies of the territory, and cultural events. The intersection of the semantic fields “media center” and “media periphery” is manifested, first of all, through the themes of family relations, as well as through ideas about Russian statehood, media users’ recognition of the power of decisions of state structures. The priorities of media consumption in the media-central territory were associated with the digital media space, while those in the media periphery were associated with local television broadcasting in the network media space. Keywords: media inequality in Russia, media text, semantics, special military operation, lexical-statistical analysis.
Water level prediction model of the upper Yangtze River by cloud computing and AutoML
Authors: Li Sen , Chen Kebing , Lei Xueting , Ren Zhiyuan , Hu Jian , Liu Jianhao
Published: December 2024

The change in water level in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is of great significance to flood control and navigation. As the first water control station for the mainstream of the Yangtze River after the Minjiang, Hengjiang, Tuojiang River, and other important tributaries flow into the Yangtze River, it is imperative to forecast the water level of Zhutuo Station accurately. The present study utilizes Microsoft Azure's automated machine learning platform (AutoML) and recurrent neural network (RNN) model to predict water levels at Zhutuo Station. The AutoML approach demonstrates certain advantages over RNN methodologies in terms of operability, resource utilization, computational efficiency, and hardware configuration requirements when predicting the water level of Zhutuo. The results show that the future 1-h forecast performance is similar, the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the AutoML platform are 0.0098 and 0.012, respectively, and the MAE and RMSE of the RNN model are 0.0088 and 0.011, respectively. The current study's outcomes contribute valuable insights for the real-time monitoring and predictive analytics of water levels, thereby enabling waterway managers to obtain the balance between model complexity and modeling convenience.
Effect of household socioeconomic status on disposable diaper use and disposal in Greater Accra, Ghana and Kisumu, Kenya: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Asamoah Moses , Hill Allan G. , Amoah Josephine , Boafor Emefa , Dzodzomenyo Mawuli , Okotto Lorna Grace , Okotto-Okotto J. , Thomas-Possee Mair L. H. , Wright Jim A.
Published: December 2024

Mismanaged disposable diaper (DD) waste is widespread in many urban African cities. Proposed policy responses range from free DD provision to outright bans. However, African studies examining DD consumption, disposal, and benefits are scarce. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess socio-economic variation in DD consumption, inappropriate DD disposal, and perceived benefits for children's carers. A survey interviewing 440 carers of children aged 0–36 months attending health facilities in Greater Accra, Ghana and Kisumu, Kenya found 95.0 and 94.2% used DD, respectively. Median DD consumption in a child's first 36 months was significantly higher in the wealthiest households, respectively, compared to the poorest households (4,099 versus 2,800 DD and 2,876 versus 1,714 DD, p ¼ 0.015 and 0.001 in Greater Accra and Kisumu, respectively). In Greater Accra, 10.2% of households reported burning, burying, or dumping used DD in latrines or elsewhere, compared to 30.5% in Kisumu. Carers in all wealth quintiles consistently cited DD's convenience and hygiene benefits. This confirms widespread DD consumption among rich and poor households, posing disposal challenges for those lacking waste collection services. Given DD's likely time-saving and reported convenience benefits for children's carers, we recommend waste management programmes that separate DDs for safe disposal as opposed to outright bans.
Predicting the flood peak arrival time via a comprehensive machine-learning framework: case studies in Changhua and Tunxi basins, China
Authors: Zhou Shiyu , Liu Xiaona
Published: December 2024

Floods are becoming increasingly frequent and severe due to climate change and urbanization, thereby increasing risks to lives, property, and the environment. This necessitates the development of precise flood forecasting systems. This study addresses the critical task of predicting flood peak arrival times, which is essential for timely warnings and preparations, by introducing a comprehensive machine-learning framework. Our approach integrates interpretable feature engineering, individual model design, and novel model ensembles to enhance prediction accuracy. We extract informative features from historical flood flow and rainfall data, design a suite of machine-learning models, and develop a novel ensemble technique to combine model predictions. We conducted case studies on the Tunxi and Changhua basins in China. Numerical experiments reveal that our method significantly benefits from feature engineering and model ensembles, achieving mean absolute error (MAE) prediction errors of 1.524 h for Tunxi and 2.192 h for Changhua. These results notably outperform the best baseline method, which achieves MAE errors of 1.727 h for Tunxi and 2.737 h for Changhua.
Posługa obrońcy węzła małżeńskiego na rzecz ochrony ważności małżeństwa w procesie skróconym coram Episcopo
Authors: Krakowski Kamil
Published: December 2024

Artykuł koncentruje się na analizie zadań procesowych podejmowanych przez obrońcę węzła małżeńskiego w procesie skróconym przed biskupem o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa. Nowe normy wprowadzone przez papieża Franciszka w 2015 roku nie zmieniły pozycji i charakteru posługi obrońcy węzła. Jego udział w procesie skróconym jest obowiązkowy, ponieważ występuje on jako strona publiczna, której celem jest ochrona sakramentu małżeństwa jako dobra publicznego Kościoła. Zadaniem obrońcy węzła jest przekazywanie, poszukiwanie i proponowanie sędziemu argumentów przeciwko nieważności małżeństwa. Artykuł zajmuje się analizą posługi obrońcy węzła we wszystkich fazach procesu skróconego. Ze względu na uproszczone procedury i szybki tryb postępowania, jego udział w procesie powinien być aktywny, wnikliwy, rzetelny i merytoryczny. Artykuł wskazuje narzędzia prawne, dzięki którym obrońca węzła może właściwie wypełnić swoją posługę w celu ochrony ważności małżeństwa. Ponadto artykuł analizuje kwestię efektywności i skuteczności posługi obrońcy węzła w warunkach i okolicznościach procesu skróconego przed biskupem.
INOVAÇÃO E USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO SISTEMA DE JUSTIÇA
Authors: Trindade Leonardo de Castro , Pereira Valadão Marcos Aurélio
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo explora o impacto da Inteligência Artificial (IA) no sistema de justiça brasileiro, com foco nos tribunais superiores. A pesquisa analisa a implementação de IA em tribunais, abordando seus benefícios, como a maior eficiência e celeridade processual, e desafios, como o viés algorítmico e a necessidade de transparência. O estudo destaca iniciativas como o Victor no STF e o Athos no STJ, que demonstram o potencial da IA para otimizar a triagem de casos e a automação de tarefas. Contudo, ressalta a importância de uma implementação ética e baseada em evidências, garantindo que a IA seja utilizada para promover um sistema de justiça mais acessível, justo e eficiente.
Toxicity on Social Media During the 2022 Mpox Public Health Emergency: Quantitative Study of Topical and Network Dynamics
Authors: Fan Lizhou , Li Lingyao , Hemphill Libby
Published: December 2024

Background

Toxicity on social media, encompassing behaviors such as harassment, bullying, hate speech, and the dissemination of misinformation, has become a pressing social concern in the digital age. Its prevalence intensifies during periods of social crises and unrest, eroding a sense of safety and community. Such toxic environments can adversely impact the mental well-being of those exposed and further deepen societal divisions and polarization. The 2022 mpox outbreak, initially called “monkeypox” but later renamed to reduce stigma and address societal concerns, provides a relevant context for this issue.

Objective

In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the toxic online discourse surrounding the 2022 mpox outbreak. We aimed to dissect its origins, characterize its nature and content, trace its dissemination patterns, and assess its broader societal implications, with the goal of providing insights that can inform strategies to mitigate such toxicity in future crises.

Methods

We collected >1.6 million unique tweets and analyzed them with 5 dimensions: context, extent, content, speaker, and intent. Using topic modeling based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers and social network community clustering, we delineated the toxic dynamics on Twitter.

Results

By categorizing topics, we identified 5 high-level categories in the toxic online discourse on Twitter, including disease (20,281/43,521, 46.6%), health policy and health care (8400/43,521, 19.3%), homophobia (10,402/43,521, 23.9%), politics (2611/43,521, 6%), and racism (1784/43,521, 4.1%). Across these categories, users displayed negativity or controversial views on the mpox outbreak, highlighting the escalating political tensions and the weaponization of stigma during this infodemic. Through the toxicity diffusion networks of mentions (17,437 vertices with 3628 clusters), retweets (59,749 vertices with 3015 clusters), and the top users with the highest in-degree centrality, we found that retweets of toxic content were widespread, while influential users rarely engaged with or countered this toxicity through retweets.

Conclusions

Our study introduces a comprehensive workflow that combines topical and network analyses to decode emerging social issues during crises. By tracking topical dynamics, we can track the changing popularity of toxic content on the internet, providing a better understanding of societal challenges. Network dynamics highlight key social media influencers and their intentions, suggesting that engaging with these central figures in toxic discourse can improve crisis communication and guide policy making.
Development and Implementation of a Personal Virtual Assistant for Patient Engagement and Communication in Postsurgical Cancer Care: Feasibility Cohort Study
Authors: Bargas-Ochoa Miguel , Zulbaran-Rojas Alejandro , Finco M G , Costales Anthony B , Flores-Camargo Areli , Bara Rasha O , Pacheco Manuel , Phan Tina , Khichi Aleena , Najafi Bijan
Published: December 2024

Background

Cancer-care complexity heightens communication challenges between health care providers and patients, impacting their treatment adherence. This is especially evident upon hospital discharge in patients undergoing surgical procedures. Digital health tools offer potential solutions to address communication challenges seen in current discharge protocols. We aim to explore the usability and acceptability of an interactive health platform among discharged patients who underwent oncology-related procedures.

Methods

A 4-week exploratory cohort study was conducted. Following hospital discharge, a tablet equipped with an integrated Personal Virtual Assistant (PVA) system was provided to patients who underwent oncology-related procedures. The PVA encompasses automated features that provide personalized care plans, developed through collaboration among clinicians, researchers, and engineers from various disciplines. These plans include guidance on daily specific assignments that were divided into 4 categories: medication intake, exercise, symptom surveys, and postprocedural specific tasks. The aim was to explore the acceptability of the PVA by quantification of dropout rate and assessing adherence to each care plan category throughout the study duration. The secondary aim assessed acceptability of the PVA through a technology acceptance model (TAM) questionnaire that examined ease of use, usefulness, attitude toward use, and privacy concerns.

Results

In total, 17 patients were enrolled. However, 1 (5.8%) patient dropped out from the study after 3 days due to health deterioration, leaving 16/17 (94.2%) completing the study (mean age 54.5, SD 12.7, years; n=9, 52% Caucasian; n=14, 82% with a gynecological disease; n=3, 18% with a hepatobiliary disease). At the study end point, adherence to care plan categories were 78% (SD 25%) for medications, 81% (SD 24%) for exercises, 61% (SD 30%) for surveys, and 58% (SD 44%) for specific tasks such as following step-by step wound care instructions, managing drains, administering injectable medications independently, and performing pelvic baths as instructed. There was an 80% patient endorsement (strongly agree or agree) across all TAM categories.

Conclusion

This study suggests the potential acceptability of the PVA among patients discharged after oncology-related procedures, with a dropout rate of less than 6% and fair-to-good adherence to tasks such as medication intake and exercise. However, these findings are preliminary due to the small sample size and highlight the need for further research with larger cohorts to validate and refine the system.
Effectiveness of Digital Mental Health Interventions in the Workplace: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews
Authors: Cameron Gillian , Mulvenna Maurice , Ennis Edel , O'Neill Siobhan , Bond Raymond , Cameron David , Bunting Alex
Published: December 2024

Background

There is potential for digital mental health interventions to provide affordable, efficient, and scalable support to individuals. Digital interventions, including cognitive behavioral therapy, stress management, and mindfulness programs, have shown promise when applied in workplace settings.

Objective

The aim of this study is to conduct an umbrella review of systematic reviews in order to critically evaluate, synthesize, and summarize evidence of various digital mental health interventions available within a workplace setting.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted to identify systematic reviews relating to digital interventions for the workplace, using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Data were extracted using a predefined extraction table. To assess the methodological quality of a study, the AMSTAR-2 tool was used to critically appraise systematic reviews of health care interventions.

Results

The literature search resulted in 11,875 records, which was reduced to 14 full-text systematic literature reviews with the use of Covidence to remove duplicates and screen titles and abstracts. The 14 included reviews were published between 2014 and 2023, comprising 9 systematic reviews and 5 systematic reviews and meta-analyses. AMSTAR-2 was used to complete a quality assessment of the reviews, and the results were critically low for 7 literature reviews and low for the other 7 literature reviews. The most common types of digital intervention studied were cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness/meditation, and stress management followed by other self-help interventions. Effectiveness of digital interventions was found for many mental health symptoms and conditions in employee populations, such as stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, and psychological well-being. Factors such as type of technology, guidance, recruitment, tailoring, and demographics were found to impact effectiveness.

Conclusions

This umbrella review aimed to critically evaluate, synthesize, and summarize evidence of various digital mental health interventions available within a workplace setting. Despite the low quality of the reviews, best practice guidelines can be derived from factors that impact the effectiveness of digital interventions in the workplace.

Trial Registration

OSF Registries osf.io/rc6ds; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RC6DS
Research Trends on Metabolic Syndrome in Digital Health Care Using Topic Modeling: Systematic Search of Abstracts (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Kiseong , Chung Yoongi , Kim Ji-Su
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a prevalent health condition that affects 20%-40% of the global population. Lifestyle modification is essential for the prevention and management of MetS. Digital health care, which incorporates technologies like wearable devices, mobile apps, and telemedicine, is increasingly becoming integral to health care systems. By analyzing existing research trends in the application of digital health care for MetS management, this study identifies gaps in current knowledge and suggests avenues for future research.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to identify core keywords, topics, and research trends concerning the use of digital health care in the management of MetS.

METHODS

A systematic search of abstracts from peer-reviewed papers was conducted across 6 academic databases. Following eligibility screening, 162 abstracts were selected for further analysis. The methodological approach included text preprocessing, text network analysis, and topic modeling using the BERTopic algorithm.

RESULTS

Analysis of the 162 selected abstracts yielded a keyword network comprising 1047 nodes and 34,377 edges. The top 5 core keywords were identified as “MetS,” “use,” “patient,” “health,” and “intervention.” We identified 12 unique topics, with topic 1 focusing on the use of telehealth for self-management of diabetes. The diversity of the 12 topics reflected various aspects of digital health care, including telehealth for diabetes management, electronic health records for MetS complications, and wearable devices for monitoring metabolic status. Research trends showed an expanding field of precision medicine driven by the demand for tailored interventions and the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

CONCLUSIONS

By analyzing past research trends and extracting data from scholarly databases, this study has provided valuable insights that can guide future investigations in the field of digital health care and MetS management.
Technology Access and Preferences for Smartphone App Intervention to Optimize Iron Chelation Adherence among Adolescents, Young Adults, and Parents of Individuals Receiving Chronic Transfusions: Cross-sectional survey (Preprint)
Authors: Reddy Paavani , Locke Margaret , Badawy Sherif
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Iron chelation therapy (ICT) is an essential medication for people with hematological disorders requiring chronic transfusions to minimize the risk of iron overload, yet suboptimal adherence is prevalent. Widespread use of personal technology makes mobile health (mHealth) an attractive platform to promote adherence.

OBJECTIVE

To examine access to mobile technology and preferences for an mHealth intervention to improve adherence to ICT.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was administered through REDCap during packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion visits. Parents of children receiving chronic transfusions, as well as adolescents and young adults (AYAs) receiving chronic transfusions were enrolled between August 2018 and June 2019. Patients had to have a hematologic diagnosis requiring chronic transfusions, be on ICT, and be 12 years or older to complete the survey. Parents were required to have a child older than 24 months who met these criteria.

RESULTS

A total of 60 participants were included (median age [IQR] 31.5 [20-39]; female, 66.7% [40/60]), with 29 parents and 31 patients. The most endorsed mHealth app features among all participants included laboratory monitoring (91.7%, 55/60), reminders to take ICT (83.3%, 50/60), and education about ICT (81.7%, 49/60). Parents’ most endorsed features included laboratory monitoring (93.1%, 27/29), and education about ICT (86.2%, 25/29). Patients’ most endorsed features included laboratory monitoring (90.3%, 28/31) and reminders to take iron chelation medication (90.3%, 28/31). There were no significant differences between parents and patients in their preferences, although there was a greater proportion of patients compared to parents who preferred positive feedback when taking medications as an app feature (87.1% vs. 68.96%, p =0.09).

CONCLUSIONS

Parents and AYAs reported a strong interest in multiple mHealth app features. Participants provided valuable insight into optimal strategies and preferred app features for developing a multifunctional technology-based behavioral intervention to promote ICT adherence.