bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprensión escrita en estudiantes de primero y cuarto año de Filosofía
Authors: Disla  Rosario Ramira Altagracia , Capellán Ureña David Arístides , Haché de Yunén Ana Margarita , Acosta Caba Luisa María
Published: October 2019

Este estudio compara las estrategias de escritura utilizadas por estudiantes de primero y cuarto año de Filosofía para resumir textos expositivos de diversos modos de organización, e identifica aquellos modos que resultan más difíciles de comprender. Se analizan 130 resúmenes elaborados por 26 estudiantes de primero y cuarto año de Filosofía de una universidad privada de la República Dominicana, a partir de la lectura de cinco textos expositivos con diferentes modos de organización, mediante una rúbrica con dos categorías: uso de las macrorreglas y forma de escribir el resumen. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes de primer año usaron mayormente la paráfrasis como estrategia para resumir, mientras que los de cuarto emplearon la literalidad. Asimismo, muestran que el modo secuencial y el descriptivo resultaron los más difíciles de comprender, mientras que los más fáciles fueron causalidad y problema-solución.
Intellectual Property Right in India- A Review
Authors: Shaik Md. Zakir Hussain , Shiva Jennai , Venkateswarlu Goli , Suthakaran R. , Ghouse Syed
Published: October 2019

The CDSCO prescribes standards and measures for ensuring the safety, efficacy and quality of drugs, diagnostics, cosmetics and devices in the country. Pharmaceutical research and development is an expensive, time consuming and uncertain process that may take 8-10 years to complete. Patent clock starts much before a new drug is approved for marketing and significant amount of time may be lost in the review and approval process by regulatory bodies. So in order to recoup the considerable time and resources invested in the drug development and approval process, the pharmaceutical companies depend on exclusivity provisions granted by the regulatory bodies. Patent strategy provides a check list for developing comprehensive patent strategies for the company.
National eCommerce Policy: What India’s new (Draft) eCommerce Policy outlines for Online Retailers and its Regulatory aspects
Authors: Chauhan Pratibha , Sharma Pooja , Chauhan Rahul , Jain Ayushi
Published: October 2019

The India Draft National eCommerce Policy is a high-level policy document proposed by India's Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade in February 2019. It sketches out a series of policy recommendations that range from useful consumer protections to non-constructive protectionist industry regimes that would likely backfire and hurt businesses, entrepreneurs and consumers alike. The best of these recommendations would institute stricter consumer protections against annoying, unsolicited phone calls and emails. But the worst of them would make data transfers difficult, impose onerous liability on third party platforms, and institute data localization that would reduce business and consumer choices.Within India, the draft policy boosts the government‟s schemes/ programmes, such as Digital India, Skill India, Make in India and Startup India, which rely on eCommerce and its components. For instance, it has introduced norms for consumer protection, recognized the importance of data, its protection and storage, granted infrastructure status to data centers and server farms, integrated different systems to track imports and introduced anti-counterfeiting and anti-piracy measures.It is also in sync with the recently updated industrial policy which reflects the underlying brick-and-mortar economy. However, the stakeholders, including industry, its associations and the independent policy community, point out that in the government‟s enthusiasm to address all these many aspects of eCommerce, the Draft Policy has become ambiguous, raising questions about whether it is intended to be an internet policy or a specific eCommerce policy. (1)The National eCommerce Policy is aimed to address concerns which go beyond the sale and purchase of products by electronic means. For example, environmentally sustainable growth by outlining regulatory aspects on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, suitable policy will be devised to promote “reduce, reuse and recycle” practices by stakeholders. In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, economic development is based on data which is generated, stored, transmitted or processed in large volumes. The increasing importance of data warrants treating it at par with other resources on which a country would have sovereign right. The Policy recognizes the importance of data while enabling the domestic industry to benefit from the advantages and opportunities created by electronic commerce. (2)
Os cenários como elemento narrativo em Steven Universo
Authors: Abrahão de los Santos Eduarda , De Moraes Bueno Bernardo José , Tartarotti Postay Andrezza
Published: October 2019

Steven Universo (2013-2019) é uma animação criada por Rebecca Sugar para o canal Cartoon Network, com mais de 150 episódios de dez minutos cada. O time de produção da série diz que há cuidado para que os cenários mostrem, com suas cores, linhas (e ausência delas), iluminação e composição, lugares vivos que o espectador entenda como mais do que apenas um pano de fundo para a ação. Neste trabalho, discutiremos o contraste entre as ambientações de dois episódios - Libertador e A resposta -  nos quais aparecem cenários associados ao Planeta Natal e à Terra, enquanto seguimos momentos decisivos da união amorosa das personagens Rubi e Safira. Fazendo uso da Narratologia (Bal), assim como de estudos de quadrinhos (McCloud) e de teorias de cores e design (Lupton e Phillips), pretende-se demonstrar a maneira como os cenários integram a narrativa, já que a ambientação muda completamente dependendo do estado emocional das personagens e sua percepção sobre o local onde se encontram. Além disso, as próprias personagens agem sobre o cenário, modificando-o e mantendo, assim, a coesão visual das associações feitas a elas, a sua relação, e ao planeta Terra.
Séries de animação brasileiras e as narrativas de marca
Authors: Camargo Marcus Vinicius Guio de
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem a finalidade de apresentar um panorama das séries de animação brasileiras produzidas por meio de uma estratégia de branded content, bem como propor a discussão da utilização das narrativas de marca como forma de fomento de produções de séries animadas, averiguando a importância de discutir o uso da animação nas estratégias de comunicação em um momento pertinente para a pesquisa de diferentes modelos de negócio. Para isso, dissertaremos acerca do processo de desenvolvimento e veiculação de três séries de animação brasileiras, sendo duas infantis e uma adulta, com conteúdos elaborados por marcas: Dino Aventuras, cujo personagem é o mascote dos produtos da marca Danone; Mundo Ripilica, que possui como protagonista a personagem Lilica, mascote de uma linha de roupas infantis da marca Marisol; e Mão de Vaca Show, animação veiculada na internet e produzida pelo Itaú.
Influência de John Boyd na Política Externa e de Segurança dos EUA: cosmovisão, teoria e grande estratégia
Authors: Burmann da Costa João Gabriel , Estima Sardo Igor , Bortowski Florisbal Isadora
Published: October 2019

O trabalho objetiva discutir possíveis influências do pensamento de John Boyd na Política Externa e de Segurança (PES) dos Estados Unidos (EUA). O problema de pesquisa é investigar a relação da cosmovisão de Boyd com aspectos presentes na PES dos EUA pós-1991. Analisa-se brevemente a cosmovisão, a epistemologia e o método no pensamento de Boyd. Em seguida, buscam-se os pontos de contato com as tradições idealistas e realistas de Relações Internacionais, especificamente com as obras de Martin van Creveld e John Mearsheimer. Por fim, discute-se o possível impacto da epistemologia boydiana e do Ciclo OODA na ausência de uma grande estratégia dos EUA no pós-Guerra Fria. Defende-se que o pensamento de Boyd dialoga com o idealismo por meio de um mundo onde predomina o caos, no caso de Boyd, e sem o Estado-nação, como propõe Creveld. Quanto aos realistas, o paralelo reside no papel da projeção de força e do medo como elemento da PES. Por fim, quanto à grande estratégia, a inversão da hierarquia da realidade (da tática para a estratégia, do combate para a política) realizada por Boyd, além de sua cosmovisão e epistemologia, teria contribuído para o predomínio de soluções simplificadoras na PES dos EUA.
Sul Global, projeção internacional e agendas securitárias e de defesa
Authors: Reis da Silva André Luiz , Mallmann Vinícius Henrique , Amorim Leite Ribeiro Camille
Published: October 2019

Editorial da edição n. 51, do décimo volume da Revista Conjuntura Austral, intitulado: Sul Global, projeção internacional e agendas securitárias e de defesa.
UJI KEPRAKTISAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA YANG MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK
Authors: Megananda Ayu Sayu Mas , Wiratma I Gusti Lanang , Sastrawidana I Dewa Ketut
Published: October 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan kepraktisan LKS pada pembelajaran kimia pokok bahasan larutan elektrolit dan nonelektrolit yang menggunakan pendekatan saintifik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap, yaitu: (1) pengumpulan data; (2) desain produk; (3) validasi desain; (4) revisi desain (5) uji coba produk; dan (6) revisi produk. Validitas LKS melibatkat dua ahli isi, satu ahli bahasa, dan dua praktisi. Uji coba produk dilakukan dengan uji coba lapangan terbatas yang melibatkan sembilan siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Kuta Selatan. Hasil uji kepraktisan diperoleh bahwa siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap LKS menggunakan pendekatan saintifik Kata kunci: lembar kerja siswa, pendekatan saintifik, larutan elektrolit dan nonelektrolit. Abstract This study was conducted aimed at describing and explaining the practicality of LKS in learning the subject chemistry of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions that use a scientific approach. This research is a development research carried out in several stages, namely: (1) data collection; (2) product design; (3) design validation; (4) design revisions (5)  product trials; and (6) product revisions. The validity of the LKS involved two content experts, one linguist, and two practitioners. The product trial was conducted with a limited field trial involving nine students of class XI SMAN 1 Kuta Selatan. The practicality test results obtained that students gave a positive response to the LKS using a scientific approach Keywords:    student worksheets, scientific approach, electrolyte solutions and nonelectrolytes.
ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR KIMIA PADA MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA DI SMA NEGERI 2 BANJAR
Authors: NLI Sanjiwani , IW Muderawan , IK Sudiana
Published: October 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan (1) kesulitan belajar kimia siswa, (2) sebaran kesulitan belajar kimia siswa, dan (3) faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mempelajari materi larutan penyangga. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 154 orang siswa dari seluruh kelas XI MIA dan 1 orang guru kimia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, tes, kuesioner, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa berkisar antara sedikit sulit sampai sangat sulit. (2) Sebaran tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa pada masing-masing indikator adalah cukup sulit (44,97%), sulit (74,57%), sedikit sulit (31,66%), cukup sulit (43,51%), sangat sulit (81,82%), dan sedikit sulit (36,36%). (3) Faktor internal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi pemahaman konsep prasyarat dan konsep-konsep pada materi larutan penyangga rendah, kemampuan matematika rendah, minat, dan motivasi belajar kimia rendah. Faktor eksternal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru, pengaruh negatif teman sebaya, keadaan dan waktu pembelajaran yang kurang kondusif.Kata kunci : kesulitan belajar, larutan penyangga, faktor penyebabAbstractThis research aims to describe and explain (1) students’ learning difficulties in chemistry, (2) the distribution of students’ learning difficulties, and (3) the causative factors of students’ learning difficulties to understand the topic of buffer solution. The subjects for this research are 154 students from all class XI MIA and 1 chemistry teacher. The research method used a quantitative and qualitative method. The data were collected by using observation, test, questionnaire, and interview. The result of this research showed that (1) The students’ learning difficulties on buffer solution topic was ranged between less difficult until very difficult. (2) The distribution and level of student learning difficulties in each indicators, are difficult enough (44,97%), difficult (74,57%), less difficult (31,66%), difficult enough (43,51%), very difficult (81,82%), and difficult enough (36,36%), respectively (3) Internal factor that caused learning difficulties is less understanding toward supporting concepts and buffer solution concept, the lack of student’s ability in mathematics, less learning interest and motivation toward chemistry. The external factor that caused learning difficulties is teacher’s teaching method, negative effect from friend at the same age, and less conducive learning conditions and times.Keywords: learning disabilities, buffer solution, cause factors
Faktor Determinan Minat Wirausaha Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Authors: Mopangga Herwin
Published: October 2019

This research aims to describe the actual condition of the entrepreneurial student at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University (FEB-UNG), identifying the determinant factor of student entrepreneurial intention and to formulate alternative ways to improve the entrepreneurial intention. Use qualitative descriptive method, primary data obtained by 50 selected respondent, and secondary data from student division of FEB-UNG office. Research concludes, first, it is generally, student entrepreneurial intention still relatively low, evidenced by the lack of FEB students become entrepreneur, low  involvement in training/workshop and seminar about entrepreneurship inside or outside of campus as well as the lack of number of business plan that competed in Program of Student Creativity (PKM). Second, relatively low of entreprenurial intention is highly determined by the lack supporting of parents and family who works as civil servant or private employees, public perception and also entrepreneurial learning atmosphere and facilities that have to be acces inside of campus. Third, the solutions offered is multiplied the frequence of entrepreneurial practices, carried out of learning contextual periodically, provide the entrepreneurial facilities, business incubator program, business plan writing contest, budget allocation and entrepreneurial network integrated with local stakeholder.
Hubungan Budaya Organisasi dan Komitmen Organisasional pada Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Tanuwibowo Jessica Clairine , Sutanto Eddy M.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the research was to find out the relationship of organizational culture and organizational commitment with employee performance. The population in this research were 51 employees at PT Tirta Sarana Sukses. The results found out that organizational culture and organizational commitment were positively related with employee performance. It also showed individually that organizational culture was positively related with employee performance, organizational commitment was positively related with employee performance, and organizational culture was positively related with organizational commitment.
Hubungan Kepemimpinan Spiritual dan Budaya Organisasi dengan Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan PT Sinar Sakti Kimia
Authors: Junita Sheena , Sutanto Eddy M
Published: October 2019

This research was conducted to find out the job satisfaction of employees in relation to spiritual leadership and organizational culture. The aim is to contribute to the academic and business research, so knowing how to maximize employee job satisfaction. The analysis techniques used in this research is with the method of chi square and pearson correlation, both methods are used to determine the relati on ship between research variables occur. The results showed that job satisfaction has a positive relationship is indi cated by the value of the coefficient contingency 0,520 for variables of spiritual lead ership and job satisfaction and the value of the coefficient contingency 0,550 for variables of organizational culture and job satisfaction. Variable spiritual lead er ship and organizational culture each have a strong relationship with job satis fac tion is evident from the r value of 0.524.
Komunikasi Politik Kontestan Pilkada Jawa Tengah 2018
Authors: . Fathan , Zulhazmi Abraham Zakky
Published: October 2019

Mass media has an influence on society in taking the decision. The use of language structure presents their identity from the media. Finally, the language is understood as a room where conflict of importance, strength, and hegemony process and counter-hegemony happened. The research is going to analyze the mass media politic language on the governor election in Central Java 2018. The method is discourse analysis by Halliday and Hasan. The model refers to the situation context includes three components: (1) field of discourse; (2) tenor of discourse; (3) mode of discourse. The analyzed news is the news of the Central Java governor election debate. The conclusion is both media consider the Central Java governor election in 2018 is less interesting. Besides, Suara Merdeka and Solopos appreciate that the Central Java governor election in 2018 as a well-mannered debate, it could be seen from the diction of the news.

 

Media massa memiliki pengaruh yang kuat bagi khalayak dalam mengambil keputusan. Penggunaan struktur Bahasa media merepresentasikan jati diri dari media tersebut.Bahasa pada akhirnya dipahami sebagai sebuah ruang dimana konflik kepentingan, kekuatan, proses hegemoni dan counter-hegemony terjadi.Penelitian ini ingin menganalisis bahasa komunikasi politik media massa pada pemilihan gubernur Jawa Tengah tahun 2018. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis wacana model Halliday dan Hasan. Model ini mengacu pada konteks situasi yang meliputi tiga komponen, yaitu:  (1) Medan Wacana (field of discourse); (2) Pelibat Wacana (tenor of discourse); (3) Sarana Wacana (mode of discourse). Berita yang dianalisis adalah berita tentang debat pemilihan kepala daerah Jawa Tengah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kedua media sama-sama menganggap pemilihan gubernur Jawa Tengah 2018 kurang menarik. Selain itu Suara Merdeka dan Solopos juga menilai debat pemilihan gubernur Jawa Tengah 2018 sebagai debat yang santun, terlihat dari pilihan kata yang digunakan dalam pemberitaan.
Ajakan Rekonsiliasi yang Bertepuk Sebelah Tangan (Analisis Komentar Video â€œJangan Panggil Aku Cinaâ€ di Youtube)
Authors: Panuju Redi
Published: October 2019

The issue of sentiment towards the Chinese ethnic in Indonesia often creates social conflict that threatens the integration of the nation. Some of the riots that put the Chinese ethnic into the target of mass violence show that this sentiment is not merely latent, but often a tragedy. The development of information and communication technology contributes to strengthen the conflict or otherwise reduce it. One of the media that often become a channel of inter-ethnic conflict is Youtube. Through this medium can be reviewed how the message is communicated so it could be known as hidden problems. This article examines a video â€œJangan Panggil Aku Cinaâ€ on Youtube who gets a very wide YouTuber visit and gets comments from the pro and contra. This study uses the Intertextuality Analysis method in visual semiotics from Julio Kristiva. The results show that text permutations tend to be based on stereotypical views and prejudices that place Chinese ethnic as a bad ethnic. Among them are not struggling in independence, tend to be oriented to ancestral lands, tend to be exclusive, and have an agenda to control Indonesia as Chinese ethnic dominates Singapore and get rid of Malays ethnic. The permutation of the text framed by the prejudice results in a reductive text, as it ignores the facts of Chinese ethnic service in the economic, political, media and literary fields.

 

Persoalan sentiment terhadap etnis Cina di Indonesia kerap menimbulkan konflik sosial yang mengancam integrasi bangsa. Beberapa kerusuhan yang menempatkan etnis Cina sebagai sasaran amuk massa menunjukkan bahwa sentiment ini tidak sekedar bersifat laten (tersembunyi), melainkan kerap menjadi tragedi. Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi turut memberi andil dalam menguatkan konflik atau sebaliknya meredamnya. Salah satu media yang kerap menjadi saluran konflik antar etnis ini adalah Youtube. Melalui media ini dapat ditelaah bagaimana pesan dikomunikasikan sehingga dapat diketahui masalah masalah yang tersembunyi. Artikel ini mengkaji sebuah video berjudul â€œJangan Panggil Aku Cinaâ€ di Youtube yang mendapat kunjungan youtuber sangat luas dan mendapat komentar dari yang pro dan kontra. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis intertekstualitas dalam semiotika visual dari Julia Kristeva, yang menekankan pada model analisis permutasi teks. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permutasi teks cenderung dilandasi pandangan stereotip dan prasangka sehingga menempatkan etnis Cina sebagai etnis yang buruk. Di antaranya tidak ikut berjuang dalam kemerdekaan, cenderung berorientasi ke negeri leluhur, cenderung ekslusif, dan punya agenda akan menguasai Indonesia seperti etnis Cina menguasai Singapura dan menyingkirkan etnis Melayu. Permutasi teks yang dibingkai prasangka tersebut menghasilkan teks teks yang bersifat reduktif, karena mengabaikan fakta fakta jasa etnis Cina di bidang ekonomi, politik, media, dan sastra.
Erken çocukluk döneminde bebeklik/çocukluk amnezisi ve otobiyografik bellek gelişimi
Authors: Kılıç Kızbes Meral
Published: October 2019

Kişinin kendi geçmişindeki düşünceleri, duyguları ve davranışları hakkındaki anılarından oluşan otobiyografik bellek, çeşitli işlevleri bakımından çocuğun gelişiminde önemli bir kavramdır. Otobiyografik belleğin benlik gelişimine etkisi büyüktür. Kişilerin benlik devamlılığını, öz-düzenleme ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmelerini ve geçmiş yaşantı ve deneyimlerinden edinilen dersler sayesinde şimdi ve gelecekteki davranışlar hakkında çıkarsamalarda bulunup planlama yapabilmeyi sağlayan otobiyografik bellek, sosyal ilişkiler için de temel öneme sahiptir. Kişisel geçmişimizde sürekliliği sağlayan otobiyografik bellek gelişimi çoğu yetişkin yaşamının ilk üç-dört yılını hatırlayamadığı bebeklik/çocukluk amnezisinin bitiminde başlamaktadır. Erken dönem deneyimleri ilerleyen yaşlarda kritik öneme sahiptir.   Hatırlanamadığı halde yetişkin yaşamını önemli derecede etkileyen bebeklik/çocukluk amnezisi, üzerinde uzunca süredir çalışılmış bir konudur. Bu çalışmada, otobiyografik bellek, otobiyografik belleğin gelişimi ve bebeklik/çocukluk amnezisi incelenmiş ve çocuk gelişimi bağlamında bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Use of a multiagency approach to eradicate New World screwworm flies from Big Pine Key, Florida, following an outbreak of screwworm infestation (September 2016–March 2017)
Authors: Hennessey Morgan J. , Hsi David J. , Davis Joanna S. , Delgado Amy H. , Allen Heather A. , Jandegian Caitlin M. , Skoda Steven R. , Guerena Watts Katherine , Gibbs Samantha E. J. , Powell Brian , Welch John B. , Phillips Pamela L. , Kitchen Diane L. , Christy Gregory S. , Bonilla Denise L.
Published: October 2019

On September 30, 2016, the US National Veterinary Services Laboratory confirmed an autochthonous case of New World screwworm infestation in a Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) from Big Pine Key, Fla. This case marked the first identification of a sustained and reproducing population of New World screwworm flies in the United States since 1966. Multiple federal, state, and local government agencies collaborated to initiate a response to the outbreak. Efforts were successful in eradicating the flies from Florida.
Complications and outcomes associated with unilateral thyroidectomy in dogs with naturally occurring thyroid tumors: 156 cases (2003–2015)
Authors: Reagan Jennifer K. , Selmic Laura E. , Fallon Caroline , Sutton Blake , Lafferty Mary , Ben-Aderet Daniel , Culp William T. N. , Liptak Julius M. , Duffy Daniel , Simons Micha , Boston Sarah , Lana Sue
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE

To describe complications and outcomes of dogs undergoing unilateral thyroidectomy for the treatment of thyroid tumors.

ANIMALS

156 dogs undergoing unilateral thyroidectomy for a naturally occurring thyroid tumor.

PROCEDURES

Dogs that underwent a unilateral thyroidectomy in 2003 through 2015 were included in a multi-institutional retrospective study. For each dog, information gathered through evaluation of electronic and paper records included perioperative complications, short-term outcome (survival to discharge from the hospital vs nonsurvival), and long-term outcome (survival time).

RESULTS

In the perioperative period, complications occurred in 31 of the 156 (19.9%) dogs; hemorrhage was the most common intraoperative complication (12 [7.7%] dogs). Five of 156 (3.2%) dogs received a blood transfusion; these 5 dogs were among the 12 dogs that had hemorrhage listed as an intraoperative complication. Immediately after surgery, the most common complication was aspiration pneumonia (5 [3.2%] dogs). One hundred fifty-three of 156 (98.1%) dogs that underwent unilateral thyroidectomy survived to discharge from the hospital. One hundred-thirteen dogs were lost to follow-up; from the available data, the median survival time was 911 days (95% confidence interval, 704 to 1,466 days).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that unilateral thyroidectomy in dogs with a naturally occurring thyroid tumor was associated with a perioperative mortality rate of 1.9% and a complication rate of 19.9% and that hemorrhage and aspiration pneumonia were the most common complications. Long-term survival of dogs undergoing unilateral thyroidectomy for the treatment of thyroid tumors was not uncommon.
Indications, complications, and outcomes associated with subdermal plexus skin flap procedures in dogs and cats: 92 cases (2000–2017)
Authors: Jones Coleen A. , Lipscomb Victoria J.
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVE

To describe indications, complications, and outcomes associated with subdermal plexus skin flap (SPSF) procedures in dogs and cats.

ANIMALS

53 dogs and 20 cats that received SPSFs for reconstruction of skin defects from 2000 to 2017.

PROCEDURES

Medical record data were collected and summarized regarding patient signalment, indication for the SPSF procedure, type and location of SPSF, complications, and outcome.

RESULTS

92 SPSF procedures (64 in dogs and 28 in cats) were included. Indications for the procedures included tumor excision (n = 37 [40%]), acute wound (14 [15%]) or chronic wound (28 [30%]) reconstruction, surgical scar revision (7 [8%]), and other reasons (6 [7%]). Types of SPSFs included advancement (31 [34%]), axillary fold (20 [22%]), inguinal fold (20 [22%]), rotation (16 [17%]), transposition (3 [3%]), and distant direct (2 [2%]). Complications were noted for 47 (51%) procedures at a mean ± SD of 6.9 ± 4.0 days after surgery and were classified as minor (34 [37%]) or major (13 [14%]). Outcome was considered excellent for 44 (48%) procedures, good for 33 (36%), fair for 13 (14%), and poor for 2 (2%).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that approximately half of SPSF procedures in dogs and cats can be expected to be followed by a complication, occurring at a mean of 1 week after surgery, and yet with appropriate management of these complications, a good to excellent outcome was possible. Owners should be counseled about the likely need for additional visits and costs associated with treatment of postoperative complications.
The effect of 30-m repeated sprint exercise on muscle damage indicators, serum insulin-like growth factor-Iand cortisol
Authors: Eryılmaz Selcen Korkmaz , Aslankeser Zübeyde , Özdemir Çiğdem , Özgünen Kerem , Kurdak Sadi
Published: October 2019

Study aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of arepeated sprint exercise protocol on muscle damage indicators, serum IGF-Iand cortisol levels.

Material and methods: Nine trained male subjects (age 23.3 ± 3.6 years) completed arepeated sprint protocol consisting of two sets of 10 × 30-m maximal sprints with 30 s of active recovery between sprints and 5 min of passive recovery between sets. The isometric strength and flexibility were measured before, immediately after and 24 hours after exercise. 30-m maximal sprint time was measured before and 24 hours after exercise. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after and 24 hours after exercise.

Results: Isometric strength and flexibility were significantly decreased after exercise and 24 hours after exercise (p < 0.05). 30-m sprint time was significantly increased 24 hours after exercise (p < 0.05). Asignificant increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase, IGF-Iand cortisol were found after exercise (p < 0.05). Serum creatine kinase increased significantly immediately after and 24 hours after exercise compared to pre-exercise values (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Our data show that due to increased serum IGF-Ilevel, repeated sprint exercise may have anabolic effects as well as traumatic effects on the muscles.
The effects of pomegranate peel extract on recurrent aphthous stomatitis
Authors: Darakhshan Sara , Malmir Mohammad , Bagheri Fereshteh , Safaei Mohsen , Sharifi Roohollah , Sadeghi Masoud , Hatami Masoud , Mozaffari Hamid Reza , Tahvilian Reza
Published: October 2019

As high as 20% of the population is thought to have recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), hence, finding new therapeutic agents may be needed. Pomegranate (Punica granatum), has been extensively used in the folk medicine of many cultures, as it possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties. In this study, it is hypothesized that a topical form of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) may shorten the duration, accelerate the healing and reduce the pain of RAS patients. The presented randomized, double-blind study was conducted on 56 patients. Herein, 28 patients were advised to apply PPE gel, and the other 28 patients were given placebo gel, twice daily for one week. Efficacy evaluations were made at days 0 (before using the gel), 3, 5 and 7. The mean values of ulcer size, pain and healing duration of ulcers were compared in both groups. PPE gel was significantly effective in reducing the pain (p<0.001), ulcer size (p<0.001), and healing duration of ulcers (p<0.001) over a period of one week. PPE in the form of oral gel can be used in the management of aphthous ulcers.
Microbiological evaluation of 10 commercial probiotic products available in Poland
Authors: Korona-Glowniak Izabela , Siwiec Radoslaw , Luszczewska-Sierakowska Iwona , Maciejewski Ryszard , Wrobel Rafal , Malm Anna
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze the quality of 10 commonly available commercial probiotic products used in Poland. These items were tested for the total viable bacterial count, and for identifying the isolated strains. This was performed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction method. The results showed that five of the tested products had not the applicable number of viable bacteria declared by manufacturer. Moreover, not all declared probiotic strains were found in three of the tested products during analyses. It is clear that a regular control of probiotic products needs be introduced that can guarantee its beneficial properties.
Hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and anti-lipid peroxidation properties of a methanol extract of Paullinia pinnata root-bark, in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats
Authors: Onoja Samuel O. , Daniel-Igwe Gloria , Ejiofor Emmanuel , Mbakwe Christiana C. , Okeke Ugochuhwu S. , Ezeja Maxwell I. , Omeh Yusuf N. , Asuzu Isaac U.
Published: October 2019

This study evaluated the hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and anti-lipid peroxidation properties of a methanol extract of Paullinia pinnata root-bark, in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. The extract of P. pinnata root-bark was prepared using a cold maceration method with 80% methanol and concentrated at 40°C in hot air oven. The extract was administered once daily per os at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for 21 consecutive days. Distilled water (5 mL/kg) and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) were used as the vehicle and reference standard, respectively. The serum lipid profile, markers of liver and kidney functions, antioxidant status (malondialdehyde level, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities), histopathological changes in liver and kidney were examined 24h after the last treatment on day 21. The extract reduced serum lipid profile, markers of liver and kidney functions of treated rats relative to vehicle-treated rats. The superoxide dismutase and catalase activities of the extract treated rats were also elevated relative to the vehicle-treated rats. The extract reversed liver and kidney injuries induced by alloxan in the treated rats. This study provides some basic information which suggest that P. pinnata could be effective in managing diabetic complications.
Obtaining the tbf gene which encodes immunodominant epitopes of pathogenic cholera strains
Authors: Bazarnova Yulia , Bolotnikova Tatiana , Aronova Ekaterina
Published: October 2019

We experimentally carried out the synthesis of the tbf gene that encodes highly-immunogenic epitopes of pathogenic cholera strains, through the cloning of the tbf gene in pGEM-T Easy plasmid. Moreover, we tested the hybrid gene sequence for absence of mutations, using the Sanger sequencing. We also calculated the nucleatic sequence of the tbf gene. The obtained results have both scientific and practical significance.
Gingival health in children in the different phases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kaskova Luidmyla F. , Yanko Nataliia V. , Vashchenko Irena Y.
Published: October 2019

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common type of leukemia in children, has diverse oral cavity complications. While periodontal alterations in such patients are widely known, there were no studies evaluating gingival health from the time of diagnosis to the remission phase. In our study, we, therefore, analysed the frequency of periodontal diseases and the gingival indices in the different phases of ALL in children. Children aged 7-15 years were involved into the cross-sectional study. Therein, 160 children with ALL were divided into three groups: L1 – 50 children examined before the initiation phase, L2 – 50 children examined after 1 month of the chemotherapy, L3 – 60 children examined in permanent hematologic remission. The control (HC) included 150 healthy children. The L1, L2 and L3 groups had significantly worse gingival indices and frequency of gingivitis than the HC group (p < 0.0001). Frequency of gingivitis increased from before the initiation to the remission phase, but significantly only in 7-11 year-old children (p = 0.0004). Gingival indices increased after 1 month of chemotherapy (p < 0.0001), but decreased in the permanent remission phase (p < 0.0001).

Our study stresses the need for children with ALL to not only require prevention courses before the initiation and during the chemotherapy phases, but also in the permanent remission phase to minimize the long-term impact of leukemia treatment on gingival health.
A variety of processes that affect the perception of skin aging
Authors: Kasprzak Dorota , Wnorowski Artur
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the most important factors affecting perceived age. Aging is an unavoidable and irreversible process, but perceived age is a modifiable psychosocial factor. Our exterior has become one of the determinants of our social position, the key to success in our professional and personal lives. Today, we see people through their appearance, we judge after the first impression. With the help of aesthetic medicine, we can change the perceived age, but we cannot stop aging. This article discusses factors affecting the perceived age, such as hair color, skin color, general appearance and environmental factors. Many cannot be avoided, but we can make changes in life to look younger and more well-groomed. Indeed, we can change our habits for the benefit of the whole body, not only for the skin.
Anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of foliar extract from a tropical species: Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) grown in Algeria
Authors: Bouchoukh Imane , Hazmoune Tahar , Boudelaa Mokhtar , Bensouici Chawki , Zellagui Amar
Published: October 2019

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a fruit tree largely used in folk medicine in tropical and subtropical areas. This exotic species was introduced in a botanical garden in the northeast of Algeria in the 1950’s. The aim of this study is to estimate, for the first time, the antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of P. guajava growing in Algeria. Six antioxidant assays were tested, results showed very important efficiency in free radical scavenging, reducing power and β-carotene bleaching of tested extracts. Values of IC50 or A0.5 of some samples were lower than those of standards. With regard to anticholinesterase activity, the inhibitory of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) was investigated. The extracts exhibited interesting capacity to inhibit these enzymes with low values of IC50 and even less than that of galanthamine. These activities were correlated with total phenolic content which was more important compared to the one found in extracts from trees growing in tropical and subtropical region. This could be due to resistance and adaptation of P. guajava grown in Algeria. The data obtained suggest the use of bioactive compounds from P. guajava leaves as antioxidant and drugs for symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer disease.
New Keynesian Liquidity Trap and Conventional Fiscal Stance: An Estimated DSGE Model
Authors: Shobande Olatunji Abdul , Shodipe Oladimeji Tomiwa
Published: October 2019

The study investigates the effect of New Keynesian liquidity trap on fiscal stance in the United States, United Kingdom and Japan economies. We developed our DSGE model in the context of an optimal and persistent interactive fiscal policy, which allows us to track the transmission channel through which shocks are distributed among real economic variables. The evidence suggests that zero lower bound mitigates the ability of monetary policy to absorb the effect of exogenous shock on the macroeconomic variables while expansionary fiscal policy was able to absorb the shock persistence transmitted from the nominal interest rate.
Potential Health Risk to Humans Related to Accumulation of Brodifacoum and Bromadiolone in the Wheat Grown on Rodenticide Contaminated Soil
Authors: Hromada R. , Miňo I. , Korytár Ľ. , Holotová E. , Ondrašovič M. , Pošiváková T. , Korim P. , Takáč L.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to determine in a model experiment the potential residues of bromadiolone and brodifacoum in the wheat grown on soil treated with these rodenticides and to compare them with the respective acceptable daily intake (ADI) in order to obtain information lacking in the scientific literature. The study focused on the level of residues of chronic rodenticides Broder G, with the active ingredient brodifacoum, and DERATION G, with the active ingredient bromadiolone, in wheat (Triticum spp.). The preparations were used in the form of granular bait. In the wheat grown on the soil treated with 100 g.m−2 of the preparation BRODER G, the brodifacoum residues ranged from 0.012 to 0.0218 mg.kg−1, while the treatment of soil with 500 g.m−2 resulted in residues ranging between 0.0344 and 0.0436 mg.kg−1. When using the preparation DE-RATION G, bromadiolone residues ranged between 0.012 and 0.018 mg.kg−1 after the treatment of soil with 100 g.m−2 and between 0.030 and 0.0428 mg.kg−1 after the treatment with 500 g.m−2. We observed that the acceptable daily intake was exceeded significantly in all of the cases and the residual levels depended on the rodenticide dose. In the case of brodifacoum, the ADI was exceeded more than 700-fold at a dose of 100 g.m−2 and more than 1400-fold at a dose of 500 g.m−2 of soil. With bromadio-lone, the ADI was exceeded 150-fold at a dose of 100 g.m−2 and more than 350-fold at a dose of 500 g.m−2. This indicates the risk to consumers from such crops.
Goat Colostrum—Source of Toxigenic Bacillus Cereus
Authors: Bursová Š. , Nečasová D. , Dorotíková K. , Necidová L. , Vorlová L.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxigenic potential of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from frozen goat colostrum. Of the 50 phenotypically suspected B. cereus isolates, 39 (78.0 %) were confirmed as B. cereus by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on the gyrB gene detection. In these isolates, genes encoding the production of haemolysin BL (Hbl), a complex of non-haemolytic enterotoxins (Nhe) and emetic toxin were detected by the PCR method. In 36 (92.3 %) confirmed B. cereus isolates, genes encoding at least one type of toxins of interest were detected. In all toxigenic isolates, we found the presence of genes for Nhe production, and in 16 (41.0 %) of the isolates, genes encoding both Nhe and haemolysin BL were shown. Eight (20.5 %) of the emetic strains of B. cereus were identified. The emetic toxin production gene was always detected simultaneously with genes encoding non-haemolytic enterotoxin production. The ability to produce BL haemolysin and non-haemolytic enterotoxins were confirmed by the immunochromatographic method. In summary, goat colostrum can be a significant source of toxigenic strains of B. cereus.
Empty cephalopod conchs as substrates for gastropod eggs from the Hangenberg Black Shale (Late Devonian) of the Maïder Basin (Morocco)
Authors: Klug Christian , Pohle Alexander , Korn Dieter
Published: October 2019

In the latest Famennian, black shale deposition occurred in many regions, some suggested a marine transgression as the explanation while others saw a link with higher organic input from the land. In either case, the Hangenberg Black Shale was most likely deposited under low oxygen conditions, which enabled exceptional fossil preservation in some regions such as the southern Maïder Basin of Morocco. Here, we provide the first account of small circular structures, in some cases with thin carbon films, which remained on ammonoid and bactritoid conchs. Due to similarities in their morphology and size with other occurrences documented from Europe, we propose that these structures may represent gastropod eggs. We also discuss whether egg-deposition occurred in the water column or on the sediment surface.
Subcutaneous, Ganglion and Pulmonary Sarcoidosis in a Patient with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: State Nicoleta , Pascal Alexandrina , Bilavscki Karina , Tataranu Adrian
Published: October 2019

Chronic hepatitis C and sarcoidosis are both well-known diseases. Some studies support the hypothesis that the hepatitis C virus (HCV) may trigger sarcoidosis(1). We present a case of chronic hepatitis C, developing a silent lung systemic disease with subcutaneous and ganglionar nodules, ultimately proving to be sarcoidosis. The clinical picture is complicated by a hepatic nodule, challenging the treatment course. The unveiling of a sarcoidosis in a previously HCV infected patient may not be accidental, the course of infection could be influenced by systemic disease. The therapy of chronic hepatitis C in the context of sarcoidosis is very challenging and demands a careful monitoring(2).
Clinical Aspects and Case Management in a Patient with Long QT Syndrome, Probably Genetic
Authors: Ion Violeta , Pascari Cristina , Cristescu Florina
Published: October 2019

We present the evaluation of a 82 years old patient, diagnosed with long QT syndrome at 75 years (QTc =550 ms) and obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from 2011, complicated with ventricular fibrillation and torsade de pointes (QTc =840ms). In this situation, it was decided to follow via electrocardiography (ECG) her first and second degree relatives (daughter - 53 years old – QTc =505 ms, granddaughter - 23 years old – QTc =448ms), and to inform them about the importance of performing the cardiac echography to exclude a possible obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and of the genetic testing. After the implantation of the ICD (implantable cardiac defibrillator) and on treatment with beta-blockers, the patient did not repeat any arrhythmic events, but still had the same electrocardiographic aspect of long QT interval. Due to the fact that the patient had a lot of other diseases, the administration of treatment which can prolong the QT interval was avoided. Long QT syndrome represents a congenital or acquired pathology, which sometimes can be induced by some drugs, and requires a correct diagnosis in order to establish an individualized pharmaceutical or surgical treatment, and to prevent the risk of sudden death by cardiac arrhythmias.
Approximate methods for the optical characterization of inhomogeneous thin films: Applications to silicon nitride films
Authors: Ohlídal Ivan , Vohánka Jiří , Franta Daniel , Čermák Martin , Ženíšek Jaroslav , Vašina Petr
Published: October 2019

In this paper the overview of the most important approximate methods for the optical characterization of inhomogeneous thin films is presented. The following approximate methods are introduced: Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin–Jeffreys approximation, method based on substituting inhomogeneous thin films by multilayer systems, method based on modifying recursive approach and method utilizing multiple-beam interference model. Principles and mathematical formulations of these methods are described. A comparison of these methods is carried out from the practical point of view, ie advantages and disadvantages of individual methods are discussed. Examples of the optical characterization of three inhomogeneous thin films consisting of non-stoichiometric silicon nitride are introduced in order to illustrate efficiency and practical meaning of the presented approximate methods.
Nanoparticle shapes: Quantification by elongation, convexity and circularity measures
Authors: Kopanja Lazar , Lončar Boris , Žunić Dragiša , Tadić Marin
Published: October 2019

The goal of the nanoparticle synthesis is, first of all, the production of nanoparticles that will be more similar in size and shape. This is very important for the possibility of studying and applying nanomaterials because of their characteristics that are very sensitive to size and shape such as, for example, magnetic properties. In this paper, we propose the shape analysis of the nanoparticles using three shape descriptors – elongation, convexity and circularity. Experimental results were obtained by using TEM images of hematite nanoparticles that were, first of all, subjected to segmentation in order to obtain isolated nanoparticles, and then the values of elongation, convexity and circularity were measured. Convexity C
x(S) is regarded as the ratio between shape’s area and area of the its convex hull. The convexity measure defines the degree to which a shape differs from a convex shape while the circularity measure defines the degree to which a shape differs from an ideal circle. The range of convexity and circularity values is (0, 1], while the range of elongation values is [1, ∞). The circle has lowest elongation (ε = 1), while it has biggest convexity and circularity values (C
x = 1; C = 1). The measures ε(S), C
x(S), C(S) proposed and used in the experiment have the few desirable properties and give intuitively expected results. None of the measures is good enough to describe all the shapes, and therefore it is suggested to use a variety of measures so that the shapes can be described better and then classify and control during the synthesis process.