bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virulence gene expression of halophilic variant V.parahaemolyticus and its effect on pathogenicity
Authors: Dong Xin , Wu Dan , Chen Jia , Du Qiang , Tu Bowen , Mao Xujian , Wang Fengming , Zhao Ying
Published: June 2024

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium that mainly infects seafood and food [1] with high salt content. Eating uncooked or contaminated by the bacteria may cause gastroenteritis symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea [2]. In many countries, especially in coastal [3], VP has become the leading pathogen [4] responsible for bacterial food poisoning, and foodborne diseases caused by VP have also become a public health issue of global concern. We show that halinophilia is one of the most unique biological properties of VP, [5], which can only normally grow [6] in environments with 0.5–8.0% salt content. In recent years, an increasing number of literature has reported that the prevalence of VP in inland cities gradually increases in [7–9]. The VP monitoring results of ready-to-eat raw aquatic products in Changzhou found that the detection rate of VP was increasing year by year, especially the proportion of VP detected in freshwater products increased significantly, and VP was detected in freshwater crayfish, freshwater fish and shellfish. The preliminary research results of this project team found that VP of fresh water products could grow normally at 0%~0.5% salt concentration, while VP of seawater products grew well at salt concentration of 1%~3%, which proved that the halinophilia of some VP was changed, and the "halophilic variant" VP appeared.
The first molecular detection of benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus from Sheep in some areas of Southern Xinjiang
Authors: Tuerhong Reyilanmu , Xin Lianxi , Zhang Ying , Tuoheti Abudusaimaiti , Zhang Yi , Abula Saifuding , Wusiman Adelijiang , aimulajiang kalibixiati , Tuersong Waresi
Published: June 2024

To understand the benzimidazole (BZ) resistance of Haemonchus contortus in Southern Xinjiang, three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, designated F167Y, E198A and F200Y) in the isotype-Ⅰβ-tubulin gene which are associated with BZ resistance were investigated for H. contortus populations from sheep in some areas of Southern Xinjiang༎In brief, a total of 190 H. contortus adults were collected from 52 out of 70 slaughtered sheep in city abattoirs across two regions in Southern Xinjiang, and species identity of each adult worm was confirmed by PCR amplification of ITS-2 using H. contortus-specific primers targeting the ITS-2. The samples were then investigated by PCR-sequencing of the isotypeⅠβ-tubulin gene for analyzing BZ-related SNPs at locus 167, 198 and 200༎The results showed that only E198A and F200Y mutations were detected in the investigated H. contortus populations. E198A mutation (homozygous and heterozygote resistant: found in 40% and 30% of sequenced samples from Minfeng and Hejing county, respectively) was predominant compared with F200Y (homozygous and heterozygote resistant: found in 14% and 13.33% of sequenced samples from Minfeng and Hejing county, respectively). The results indicate a high prevalence of BZ resistance in H. contortus populations from certain areas of Southern Xinjiang. Our findings provide valuable information for the prevention and control of H༎contortus in areas with similar condition༎
Analysis of genotyping data reveals the unique genetic diversity represented by the breeds of sheep native to the United Kingdom
Authors: Kerr Eleanor , Marr Melissa M. , Collins Lauren , Dubarry Katie , Salavati Mazdak , Scinto Alissa , Woolley Shernae , Clark Emily L.
Published: June 2024

Background
Sheep breeds native to the United Kingdom are noted for high breed variability and exhibit a striking diversity of different traits in phenotypes and genetic diversity. Some of these traits are highly sustainable, such as seasonal wool shedding in the Wiltshire Horn, are likely to become more important as pressures on sheep production increase in coming decades. Despite their clear importance to the future of sheep farming, the genetic diversity of native UK sheep breeds is poorly characterised. This increases the risk of losing the ability to select for breed-specific traits from native breeds that might be important to the UK sheep sector in the future. Here, we use 50K genotyping to perform preliminary analysis of breed relationships and genetic diversity within native UK sheep breeds, as a first step towards a comprehensive characterisation. This study generates novel data for thirteen native UK breeds, including 6 on the UK Breeds at Risk (BAR) list, and utilises existing data from the publicly available Sheep HapMap dataset to investigate population structure, heterozygosity and admixture.
Results
In this study the commercial breeds exhibited high levels of admixture, weaker population structure and had higher heterozygosity compared to the other native breeds, which generally tend to be more distinct, less admixed, and have lower genetic diversity and higher kinship coefficients. Some breeds including the Wiltshire Horn, Lincoln Longwool and Ryeland showed very little admixture at all, indicating a high level of breed integrity but potentially low genetic diversity. Population structure and admixture were strongly influenced by sample size and sample provenance – highlighting the need for equal sample sizes, sufficient numbers of individuals per breed, and sampling across multiple flocks. The genetic profiles both within and between breeds were highly complex for UK sheep, reflecting the complexity in the demographic history of these breeds.
Conclusion
Our results highlight the utility of genotyping data for investigating breed diversity and genetic structure. They also suggest that routine generation of genotyping data would be very useful in informing conservation strategies for rare and declining breeds with small populations sizes. We conclude that generating genetic resources for the sheep breeds that are native to the UK will help preserve the considerable genetic diversity represented by these breeds, and safe guard this diversity as a valuable resource for the UK sheep sector to utilise in the face of future challenges.
Evaluation of Pervious Concrete PC Subjected to High Temperature and Post Fire: Experimental Investigation and Proposed Expressions
Authors: Hassan Bedar Rauf , Mohammed Ilham Ibrahim , Faraj Rabar H. , Salih Sharo Ayoob Hama , Othman Lara Idris , Maarouf Solin Hussein , Yaseen Bilal Ainalddin
Published: June 2024

Based on real fire incidents in parking garages and on roads made with porous concrete, which lead to the degradation of the mechanical properties of materials, an empirical study was conducted to address a research gap in this area. This study examined the impact of thermal and fire exposure on the mechanical properties of porous concrete. Fifteen different sets of specimens were tested to evaluate compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, and flexural strength. The first set served as control specimens, eight sets were used to assess the strength of porous concrete under various elevated temperatures and exposure durations, three sets were used to evaluate strength under cyclic temperature exposure, and the remaining samples were used to assess strength after exposure to intense fire. The results indicated a gradual decline in concrete strength over various time intervals and various temperature, with the reduction being more pronounced with longer and more intense fire exposure, as well as temperature fluctuations. Notably, 45 minutes of fire exposure led to the disintegration of the porous concrete structures and resulted in zero strength.
A Robust Rumor Detection on Twitter Using an Enhanced LSTM-RNN Model
Authors: Ma Yingying , Luo Lixia , Zheng Zhiwu , Zhang Hua
Published: June 2024

Social networks have significantly impacted people’s lifestyles, providing a crucial platform for communication and information sharing that can engage millions of users within seconds. While social media offers positive influences on lives and relationships, it also fosters the spread of rumors, resulting in adverse effects such as loss of reputation, credibility, and health. This paper introduces a novel algorithm based on long short-term memory and recurrent neural networks (LSTM-RNN) for detecting rumors on Twitter. The proposed algorithm’s performance is evaluated through extensive simulations using the AUG-RNR-DATA dataset, which includes both rumor and non-rumor tweets from six distinct events. The simulation results demonstrate that our algorithm surpasses the baseline methods, achieving a 0.95 accuracy in distinguishing between rumors and non-rumors on the AUG-RNR-DATA dataset.
KuBERT: Central Kurdish BERT Model and Its Application for Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Veisi Hadi , Awlla Kozhin muhealddin , Abdullah Abdulhady Abas
Published: June 2024

This paper enhances the study of sentiment analysis for the Central Kurdish language by integrating the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers into Natural Language Processing techniques. Kurdish is also a low-resourced language, having a high level of linguistic diversity with minimal computational resources, making sentiment analysis somewhat challenging. Earlier, this was done using a traditional word embedding model, such as Word2Vec, but with the emergence of new language models, specifically BERT, there is hope for improvements. The better word embedding capabilities of BERT lend to this study, aiding in the capturing of the nuanced semantic pool and the contextual intricacies of the language under study, the Kurdish language, thus setting a new benchmark for sentiment analysis in low-resource languages. The steps include collecting and normalizing a large corpus of Kurdish texts, pretraining BERT with a special tokenizer for Kurdish, and developing different models for sentiment analysis: LSTM, MLP, and finetuning. The proposed approach consists of 3 classes: positive, negative, and neutral sentiment analysis using a sentiment embedding of BERT in four different configurations. The accuracy of the best-performing classifier, LSTM, is 74.09%. For the BERT with an MLP classifier model, the maximum accuracy achieved is 73.96%, while the fine-tuned BERT model tops the others with 75.37% accuracy. Additionally, the fine-tuned BERT model demonstrates a vast improvement when focused on two 2-class sentiment analyses—positive and negative—with an accuracy of 86.31%. The study makes a comprehensive comparison, highlighting BERT's superiority over the traditional ones based on accuracy and semantic understanding. It is motivated because several results are obtained that the proposed BERT-based models outperform Word2Vec models conventionally used here by a remarkable accuracy gain in most sentiment analysis tasks. This might be an advancement, especially for those under-resourced languages in the field of NLP. It only indicates the potential of LLM in improving sentiment analysis. It emphasizes the need for developing language-specific models for datasets to solve the problems brought up by low-resource languages. This study fills this gap in sentiment analysis capabilities for Kurdish and sheds light on broader applicability in extremely linguistically diverse and resource-constrained contexts for BERT and similar models.
Cultivation of Bovine Lipid Chunks on Aloe vera Scaffolds
Authors: Gome Gilad , Chak Benyamin , Tawil Shadi , Rotem Itai , Ribarski-Chorev Ivana , Shoseyov Oded , Schlesinger Sharon
Published: June 2024

Aloe vera, renowned for its medicinal and food applications, presents a sustainable, scalable, and cost-effective alternative for cultured meat production. Our innovative method repurposes the Aloe vera parenchyma to produce sterile scaffolds with a conducive porous structure that allows liquid retention. These scaffolds, demonstrating good biocompatibility, support adhesion, proliferation, and extracellular matrix formation of bovine mesenchymal stem cells. The addition of oleic acid leads to the accumulation of lipids, indicating the potential formation of ’lipid chunks’. This cultured bovine 3D tissue, enriched with lipids, can serve as a food additive in plant-based alternative meats, potentially enhancing their texture and flavor profile. To address the scalability challenge, a novel macrofluidic single use bioreactor (MSUB) was used to culture the scaffolds as an example of the potential of various scaling out or up possibilities, enabling sustainable and scalable production of cultured meat or to be used for regenerative medicine for cell-based therapies. This breakthrough in Aloe vera scaffold utilization not only advances the field of tissue engineering but also holds promise for a more sustainable future in alternative protein production.
Exploring the Role of Unconventional Post-Translational Modifications in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy
Authors: Sharma Sayan , Sarkar Oindrila , Ghosh Rajgourab
Published: June 2024

:

Unconventional Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) have gained increasing attention
as crucial players in cancer development and progression. Understanding the role of unconventional
PTMs in cancer has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic
interventions. These modifications, which include O-GlcNAcylation, glutathionylation,
crotonylation, including hundreds of others, have been implicated in the dysregulation of critical
cellular processes and signaling pathways in cancer cells. This review paper aims to provide a
comprehensive analysis of unconventional PTMs in cancer as diagnostic markers and therapeutic
targets. The paper includes reviewing the current knowledge on the functional significance of various
conventional and unconventional PTMs in cancer biology. Furthermore, the paper highlights
the advancements in analytical techniques, such as biochemical analyses, mass spectrometry and
bioinformatic tools etc., that have enabled the detection and characterization of unconventional
PTMs in cancer. These techniques have contributed to the identification of specific PTMs associated
with cancer subtypes. The potential use of Unconventional PTMs as biomarkers will further
help in better diagnosis and aid in discovering potent therapeutics. The knowledge about the role
of Unconventional PTMs in a vast and rapidly expanding field will help in detection and targeted
therapy of cancer.
Effectiveness of Highly Purified Cannabidiol in Refractory and Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Case Series
Authors: Di Mauro Giovanni , Vietri Giovanni , Quaranta Loreta , Placidi Fabio , Izzi Francesca , Castelli Alessandro , Pagano Andrea , Leonardis Francesca , De Angelis Viviana , Bianco Ciro , Celeste Maria Grazia , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Liguori Claudio
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus are medical emergencies
that must be promptly treated in consideration of their high mortality and morbidity rate. Nevertheless,
the available evidence of effective treatment for these conditions is scarce. Among novel antiseizure
medications (ASMs), highly purified cannabidiol (hpCBD) has shown noteworthy efficacy
in reducing seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex.

Case Presentation:

Here, we present two cases of effective use of hpCBD in both refractory and super-
refractory status epilepticus. The administration of the nasogastric tube permitted the resolution
of status epilepticus without adverse events. At 6-month follow-up, both patients were on hpCBD
treatment, which continued to be efficacious for treating seizures.

Conclusion:

According to our experience, hpCBD should be taken into consideration as an add-on
therapy of RSE and SRSE while also considering the possibility of maintaining this treatment during
the follow-up of patients. However, more studies and real-world experiences are needed to better
understand its effectiveness in this setting and the interaction with other ASMs.
Wallaert, S. (2023). Kwaad Spreken: Wie Gelooft de Boze Vrouw?. Borgerhout: Letterwerk. Review by Alexia Debbaut
Authors: Debbaut Alexia
Published: June 2024

Sigrid Wallaert’s Kwaad Spreken: Wie Gelooft de Boze Vrouw? (translation: Knowing Anger: Who Believes the Angry Woman?) is part of the Questa-series essays, a series launched by the Belgian publisher Letterwerk, which foregrounds critical feminist writing. All essays in this series focus on specific topics (such as ethics, love, age, music...) or specific philosophies (like feminist ethics, feminist philosophy, the philosophy of Proust, etc.). Knowing Anger is an important contribution to contemporary feminist debate because it sheds light on the (omni)presence of feminist anger and its epistemic value. As Wallaert puts it, anger is more than the wrapping paper in which you pack your message. It is an essential part of what you have to say (Wallaert, 2023, p. 29). She speaks of an ‘anger turn’, as she sees a new prominence of (the use of) feminist anger in the (non-fiction) publishing industry, the media, the academic world and politics, parallel to Sara Ahmed’s ‘happiness turn.’ Wallaert investigates where this anger comes from and how it is used as an enabling force in feminist activism by using Miranda Fricker’s Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing (2007).
Laes, C., Goodey, C.F., Rose, M.L. (2013). Disabilities in Roman Antiquity: Disparate Bodies a Capite ad Calcem. Review by Nina Van der Sype
Authors: Van der Sype Nina
Published: June 2024

The volume Disabilities in Roman Antiquity brings together twelve contributions that are solely dedicated to the topic of physical and mental disability in the antique world. As there is already a wealth of research available on various aspects concerning the field of (critical) disability studies in contemporary culture, the editors actively contribute to expanding the area of investigation to pre-modern culture. Such explorations can shed light on particular aspects of disability, its individual experience and broader socio-cultural meanings which remain paramount within our modern culture, while at the same time developing the establishment of the subfield of ‘disability history’ within the period of Antiquity. The editors’ recognition of the – to a certain extent – universalist nature of both bodily and mental characteristics, leads to the rejection of a constructivist approach, a choice which they describe as being a ‘theoretical and practical disapproval based on the belief that we are all human beings, sharing certain corporal realities over different cultures and times’ (Laes et al., 2013, p. 6).
A clinical field study aimed at Digitally identifying and minimizing stressors at the Palliative care workplace by measuring stress continuously through wearable sensors (DiPa): Study Design (Preprint)
Authors: Chodan Wencke , Seehausen Aaron , Höpfner Florian , Schneider Carolin , Felser Sabine , Murua Escobar Hugo , Aehnelt Mario , Junghanß Christian
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Nursing in palliative medicine combines primary patient care with the special challenges of this medical field, e.g., handling the processes of dying, grief, and death. These cause high stress levels and burden on the nursing staff, fostering early drop-outs of working life because of physical or psychological disorders like burnout.

OBJECTIVE

DiPa is a prospective study which investigates the feasibility of measuring the burden and its causes in palliative care using methods of subjective and objective stress detection. Based on these results, stress-reducing interventions are to be deduced and evaluated. In this paper, we present our study protocol.

METHODS

The nursing staff of an inpatient university palliative hospital ward gathered data over 6 weeks. Each was equipped with a smart wrist band and a smartphone which continuously measures physiological and ambient parameters throughout their working days. These objective data were enriched by subjective measurements: a questionnaire at the beginning of the study, which assessed multiple potential stressful situations and constellations in the private and working environment, and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) during the workday, which were prompted by scanning near-field communication (NFC) tags placed at different locations on the ward. The ongoing data analyses will be processed by using computer algorithms partly programmed specifically for this study and partly drawn from existing libraries, such as toolboxes for neurophysiological signal processing for Python. Comparisons between subjective and objective measures and group comparisons between variables of interest will be made using inferential statistics, including regression analyses and analyses of variance. Data analysis using machine learning algorithms will be implemented once sufficient data will have been gathered.

RESULTS

As of April 2024, 12 of 18 nurses of the Palliative Care Unit consented to participate in our study.

CONCLUSIONS

The DiPa study aims at testing the feasibility of measuring and merging subjective and objective stress parameters in a palliative care nurses.

CLINICALTRIAL

The DiPa study has been registered in the German Register for Clinical Studies on February 10th, 2021 (DRKS, ID DRKS00024425A).
The comparative analysis of Interaction Elements in Immersive Virtual Reality Authoring Tools
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Min Young , Choi Seo Hyun , Hong Joo Young , Shin Yoon Hee
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study compares and analyzes the interaction elements of non-programming IVR authoring tools and suggests tools that are appropriate for developing immersive virtual reality (IVR) content to help instructors who want to develop their own IVR content choose authoring tools.
Methods In this study, we selected Cospaces Edu, Roblox, CenarioVR, and Mozilla Hubs, which are being used in IVR-contents development research in education field, and analyzed the interaction elements that can be utilized without programming, and connected them to the five IVR content types (Activity-based, Discovery, Presentation, Experiential, and Collaborative)
Results The four non-programming authoring tools were analyzed according to a total of nine interaction elements, and representative interaction elements for each tool were identified. Cospaces Edu was suitable for Activity-based and Experiential contents, Roblox and Mozilla Hubs for Experiential, Discovery, Collaborative contents, and CenarioVR for Discovery and Presentation content development.
Conclusions The results of the study provided criteria for instructors who are not experts in programming but want to develop IVR-enabled educational content in the future so that they can choose the appropriate non-programming authoring tool based on the type of IVR content they want to apply.
Nursing students’ perception of good teaching: the analysis of importance and performance
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Oh Yunjung
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purposes of this study were to analyze nursing students’ perceptions of good teaching. This Provides basic data to improve the quality of nursing education.
Methods This subjects of the study were 210 nursing students. The survey instrument used for the study, called the ‘questionnaire for perception of importance-performance on good teaching’ by Park and Shin(2020). The instrument consisted of 42 questions on perspectives, teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching evaluations and teaching environments of good teaching. Data analysis was conducted using t-test and IPA.
Results The results showed that IPA extracted seven items with high importance but low performance: ‘contents that arouse learners’ interest’, ‘specific description’, ‘active interaction and feedback between teacher and learners’, ‘teacher-learner communication and reflection’, ‘teaching assures the understanding of learners’, ‘teaching with feedback on homework and exam’ and ‘imitated clinical setting’
Conclusions The factors comprisig good teaching were verified, and the necessity of additional efforts to improve high importance and low performance factors were noted. It suggests that instructors will need to check in advance and respond appropriately in process to items that students perceive as relatively low in importance and performance, or in which performance levels are high but perceived as low in importance.
Research Trend Analysis on Song-centered Music Therapy for the Elderly: Focusing on Domestic Academic Journals from 2000 to 2021
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Esther , Lee Ji Kyung
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study analyzed research trends of research information in domestic academic journals related to song-centered music therapy interventions for the elderly, characteristics of study participants, intervention-related characteristics of music therapy, and song-related characteristics. in domestic academic journals published from 2000 to 2021.
Methods The literature selected for study went through the following process. Among the 156 papers found in the first screening stage, 6 duplicated papers were excluded. After checking the specific information about the participant, 40 papers that were not studies on the elderly were extracted, and 86 papers in which singing was not a major music therapy intervention factor were removed. Finally, a total of 21 papers were put into the analysis, excluding three papers in domestic journals that were not registered papers.
Results As a result, there were 20 quantitative studies (95.24%) and 1 qualitative study (4.76%) among the literature on song-centered music therapy for the elderly. As for the classification related to the characteristics of the research participants, 12 papers (57.14%) were for the disabled group, 8 papers (38.10%) were for the non-disabled group and 1 Others(4.76%). Regarding the intervention-related characteristics of the study, 15 studies (71.43%) used only music therapy and there were 6 studies (28.57%) that combined other treatments or activities other than music therapy. In addition, the place of intervention of singing-centered music therapy for the elderly was the most frequent, with 5 cases(27.74%) in hospitals and 4 cases(17.37%) in nursing homes. There were 14 studies in which music therapists directly mediated therapy sessions(66.67%) and two theses (9.52%) were mediated by individuals other than music therapists. Besides, there were 5 papers (23.81%) that did not report on the moderator. Most of the studies implemented by music therapists had descriptions and therapeutic rationales for session-by-session music therapy programs. On the other hand, some studies lacked information on session programs or therapeutic rationales. Finally, a total of 10 genres of songs used in research trend identification were presented.
Conclusions It is hoped that the tendency of song-centered music therapy research identified through this study will help the direction of future research on song-centered music therapy for the elderly and its practical application in the clinical field.
Path analysis between early childhood teachers’ working environment, professional identity, and turnover intention
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Han Sangmi
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study examines the path relationship between early childhood teachers' work environment, professional identity, and turnover intention, and then confirms the mediating effect of early childhood teachers' professional identity.
Methods For this purpose, questionnaires were distributed to 335 teachers working at kindergartens and daycare centers in regions B and K, and 316 were selected for analysis after excluding unreturned and insincere responses. Frequency analysis, path analysis, and mediation effect analysis were performed on the recovered data using SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS macro 4.0.
Results The research results showed that, firstly, the working environment of early childhood teachers had a positive effect on their professional identity. Second, the working environment was found to have a negative effect on turnover intention. Third, occupational identity was found to have a negative effect on turnover intention. Fourth, professional identity had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between early childhood teachers' working environment and turnover intention.
Conclusions It is believed that improving the working environment of early childhood teachers and enhancing their professional identity will contribute to improving the educational quality of early childhood education institutions by reducing the turnover intention of early childhood teachers.
The Effects of Emotional abuse on Relational aggression: The Mediating Role of Traumatized Self-System
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yoon Jin kyung , Lee Su Lim
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study aimed to explore mediating effects of traumatized self-system between emotional abuse and relational aggression.
Methods For this study, questionnaire survey was conducted on 510 university students in Seoul, Gyeonngi Province, and Chungcheong Provinces of South Korea using Emotional Abuse Scale, Traumatic Self-System Scale(TSSS), and Relational Aggression Scale.
Results The results of this study were the following: First, this research conducted correlation analysis of the emotional abuse, traumatized self-system and relational aggression. There was significant positive correlation among all variables. Seconds, we conducted a structural equational modeling to identify the mediated effect of traumatized self-system for the emotional abuse and relational aggression. The partially mediating effect of traumatized self-system was identified. These results contributed to understanding of university student about the emotional abuse and their traumatized self-system and relational aggression. More and more, these results contributed to offering the primary information about preventive treatment in the counseling.
Conclusions Based on these findings, the limitations of this study and suggestions for follow-up research are further discussed.
Drawings by pre-service early childhood teachers while recalling scenes from early childhood science activities
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Chang Jungyoon , Kang Kyeongmi
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to analyze the drawings and interviews of pre-service early childhood teachers on early childhood science activities and to orient them on the educational contents and methods to be taught in early childhood science education.
Methods For this purpose, 34 students from the Department of Early Childhood Education at a 4-year university located in City A were asked to draw scenes of early childhood science activities during an early childhood science education class, and then interviews were conducted with 9 of them. The content of the drawings drawn by pre-service early childhood teachers was classified according to the content of early childhood science education to examine trends, and the interview data was read repeatedly and categorized based on major keywords and main content.
Results In this study, pre-service early childhood teachers’ drawings were analyzed and found that the most common scenes were ‘growing and observing plants’ and ‘raising and observing animals’. But ‘experimenting with the teacher’, ‘doing science in play’, ‘experiencing plants and animals in outdoor learning’ were relatively rare. Through these research results, it was found that pre-service early childhood teachers have biased ideas about early childhood science activities, topics related to ‘animals and plants’, ‘life and the natural environment’, and the types of science activities that take place indoors. The interviews also revealed that pre-service early childhood teachers have negative experiences and feelings related to science, which makes them feel uncomfortable and have difficulty with science.
Conclusions These findings suggest that it is necessary for instructors to reflect more diverse contents of science education in early childhood science education courses and to experience science activities directly with pre-service early childhood teachers. In addition, this suggests that there is a need to reduce pre-service early childhood teachers’ indifference to science and their vague fear of science.
A Case Study of an AI Convergence Education Program: Focusing on an Integrated Curriculum in Elementary School
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park Dahye , Lee Aehwa
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study aimed to develop an AI convergence education lesson case that can be applied to integrated curriculum for lower elementary school students, and to analyze its effectiveness by applying it to actual lessons.
Methods For this purpose, AI-based educational lessons were developed in accordance with the ADDIE model and subsequently implemented over 16 sessions with 20 first-grade students from an elementary school in Daegu. In order to assess the efficacy of the aforementioned lessons, a range of methodologies were employed, including the evaluation of learning outcomes, surveys on lesson satisfaction, in-depth interviews with students, an analysis of students' diaries, and the examination of teacher's field notes.
Results The results of the study indicated that integrating AI content within the framework of subject-centered convergence education in elementary schools can significantly enhance students' understanding of AI, including its principles and applications. The lessons, which were developed around themes such as the “Community, Autumn, and South Korea” taught in the first grade of elementary school, led to high levels of satisfaction among students. In particular, the projects “Creating a Sharing Market Stall,” “Getting Acquainted with Autumn,” and “Promoting Traditional Korean Foods” not only facilitated a deeper understanding of AI but also enabled students to become proficient in using AI tools. Furthermore, these activities contributed to the development of students' creative thinking and problem-solving skills, thereby demonstrating the potential of AI convergence education for supporting comprehensive learning outcomes in young learners.
Conclusions The results of this study have demonstrated the potential of AI convergence education within elementary education. In order to implement AI convergence education programmes effectively for lower-grade elementary students, it is necessary to develop educational materials, enhance the technical capabilities of AI tools, and establish institutional support measures.
The Effect of Young Children-Mother Goodness of Fit on Young Children’s Self-Assertiveness: The Mediating Effects of Mother’s Positive Emotional Expressiveness
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Su Yeon , Kim Sang Kyum
Published: June 2024

Objectives The purposes of this study was to investigate the effects of young children-mother goodness of fit and mother’s positive emotional expressiveness on young children’s self-assertiveness and examine the mediating effect of maoher’s positive emotional expressiveness on the relationship between young children-mother goodness of fit and young children’s self-assertiveness.
Methods A survey was conducted on 212 4,5-year-old children and their mothers, and the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS program. Hierachical regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of young children-mother goodness of fit on the young children’s self-assertiveness, and the mediating effect analysis of the mother’s positive emotional expressiveness to the effect of young children-mother goodness of fit on the young children’s self-assertiveness was conducted using SPSS Process Macro Model 4.
Results First young children-mother goodness of fit had a significant negative effect on the young children’s self-assertiveness, and young children-mother goodness of fit had a significant negative effect on the mother’s positive emotional expressiveness. Second the mother’s positive emotional expressiveness was found to partially mediate the effect of young children-mother goodness of fit on the young children’s self-assertiveness.
Conclusions It was found that the higher the young children-mother goodness of fit, the lower the mother’s positive emotional expressiveness, whiich had a negative effect on the young children’s self-assertiveness. Thus, this study was found that there are different circumstances and contexts for interpreting goodness of fit in young children compared to in infant. and it is significant that this study provides foundational material that can activate scholarly and educational discussions regarding the positive emotional expressiveness of mother for the self-assertiveness of young children in future related research and practical parenting contexts.
The Relationship between Human Rights-Friendly Parenting Attitude for Parents and Coparenting: The Moderating Effect of Childcare-Friendly Community
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Yejin , Kim Jihyun
Published: June 2024

Objectives In this study, we selected variables that affect human rights-friendly parenting attitudes for parents and analyzed the correlations and moderating effects between them.
Methods To do so, we surveyed 400 people, 200 fathers and 200 mothers of young children aged 3, 4, and 5, to measure variables related to human rights-friendly parenting attitudes.
Results Human rights-friendly parenting attitudes for parents were positively related to coparenting and childcare-friendly community, and childcare-friendly community had a moderating effect on the relationship between coparenting and human rights-friendly parenting attitudes.
Conclusions Higher levels of coparenting are associated with higher levels of human rights-friendly parenting attitudes, but childcare-friendly community may play a moderating role, such that parents with low levels of coparenting but high levels of childcare-friendly community may have more frequent human rights-friendly parenting attitudes than parents with low levels of coparenting but low levels of childcare-friendly community. This study suggests that parenting education programs should address the need for parents to engage in positive coparenting and for the community to view parenting from a parenting-friendly perspective in order to improve parents' human rights-friendly parenting attitudes.
Entangled Play Becoming of ‘Puddles’ and the Young Children of ‘Pine Tree Nursery’
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Sin Yeongyeong , Baek Jeehea
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study examines the play experiences of young children in puddles through the perspectives of Deleuze's philosophy of rhizome and Barad's notion of agency. By analyzing the value inherent in play and how various aspects of play manifest, it aims to provide insights for alternative approaches to early childhood play.
Methods From June to August 2023, a two-month participant observation was conducted on 46 children aged 1 to 5 at Pine Tree Nursery located in G City. Additionally, a post-qualitative research method was employed to capture ‘glow’ moments (MacLure, 2013) by encountering the experiences revealed in children's play through photographs, videos, and traces of play records. The collected data underwent a recursive process of reinterpreting the emerged events, connecting them with the flow of meaning, and analyzing the implications of the entanglement between the children and the puddles.
Results The entangled play patterns between puddles and young children revealed several outcomes: encountering the inherent signs within the puddles, entangling with the materiality of the puddles and their environment, generating rhizomatic puddles that connect age and space, and creating ‘and... and... puddles’ by transcending time and space.
Conclusions Through play in the spontaneously formed puddles, young children sensually encounter materiality and form new relationships. The dynamic and variable nature of the puddles leads to novel intra-actions with the children, resulting in creative play. Furthermore, the entanglement between the puddles and the children traverses time and space horizontally and vertically, fostering ongoing encounters. This highlights the agency embedded in the entangled relationship between young children and materials, suggesting the importance for early childhood educators to provide support for play.
The Relationship Among Parental Achievement Pressure, Academic Stress, and School Adjustment: Moderated Mediating Effect of Peer Attachment in Middle School Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Cha Misuk
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study investigated whether peer attachment moderates the mediating effect of academic stress on the relationship between parental achievement pressure and school adjustment in middle school students.
Methods Data from the 2021 Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC) involving 1,348 first-year middle school students were utilized in this study. The SPSS PROCESS macro version 4.0 software was employed to analyze the mediating (Model 4), moderating (Model 1), and moderated mediating effect (Model 14).
Results First, parental achievement pressure indirectly affected school adjustment through academic stress in middle school students. Second, the impact of academic stress on school adjustment was moderated by peer attachment. Finally, the indirect effect of parental achievement pressure on school adjustment through academic stress was moderated by peer attachment.
Conclusions This study demonstrates how peer attachment moderates the impact of parental and psychological factors on school adjustment among middle school students. It emphasizes the significance of interaction between social-relational and psychological factors on school adjustment during adolescence.
High-Stake Test or School Records? Differences in Major Satisfaction and Higher-Order Learning Among University Students by Admission Type
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Cho Yejin , Ham Seung-Hwan
Published: June 2024

Objectives This study empirically examines the level of higher-order learning among college students admitted through two distinct admission types: College Scholastic Aptitude Test (CSAT)-based and School Record-based admissions. It also investigates the mediating effect of major satisfaction in this relationship. This study aims to discuss educational implications of admission types and provide policy suggestions.
Methods Data from a survey conducted on students at H University in Seoul were analyzed. A total of 915 responses were analyzed. Regression analysis was conducted to explain the relationship between admission types and the level of higher-order learning. Additionally, the mediating effect of major satisfaction was examined.
Results Students admitted through CSAT-based admissions showed a tendency towards lower level of higher-order learning compared to those admitted through School Record-based admissions. Further analysis revealed that the lower level of higher-order learning among students admitted through CSAT-based admissions may be attributed to lower major satisfaction. The mediating effect of major satisfaction was statistically significant.
Conclusions Difference in the level of higher-order learning exists between college students admitted through CSAT-based and School Record-based admissions. This difference appears to be closely related to their major satisfaction. These findings suggest a need to refine discussions on admission systems from an educational perspective.
A Big History of Land Clearance and Deforestation
Authors:   School of Geography, Planning, and Spatial Sciences, University of Tasmania, Australia, Kirkpatrick Jamie
Published: June 2024

The gathering and hunting humans who evolved from earlier manifestations of Homo changed the distribution of forests on the planet through their use of fire to direct biological productivity to their sustenance, and through their contribution to the elimination of much of the global terrestrial megafauna. Land clearance at any scale awaited the development of agriculture, the several independent origins of which may indicate that it is an emergent outcome from the combination of a social animal who can transmit knowledge through generations and who lives in environments that support high numbers of food plants. The transition from uncleared forest and treeless land to land cleared for agriculture was slow, often reversed, and limited by the necessity to produce more energy in food production than in the inputs that created comestibles. Increases in cleared land until the nineteenth century were largely a product of the displacement of gathering and hunting people by disease-ridden European agriculturalists and world trade imposed on non-Europeans by colonialists. The explosion in fossil fuel usage from the nineteenth century onwards enabled exponential growth in human populations and cleared land, with the consequence of a crash in forest cover. Ironically, attempts to mitigate global warming caused by increased fossil fuel use, deforestation and land clearance have resulted in more land clearance for biofuels. While settlements, roads, logging, plantation establishment and dam construction have all contributed to the decrease in the native terrestrial cover of the planet, their contribution has been minor compared to the massive impact of agricultural development.
Accuracy of gross tumour volume delineation with [68Ga]-PSMA-PET compared to histopathology for high-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Zarei Maryam , Wallsten Elin , Grefve Josefine , Söderkvist Karin , Gunnlaugsson Adalsteinn , Sandgren Kristina , Jonsson Joakim , Keeratijarut Lindberg Angsana , Nilsson Erik , Bergh Anders , Zackrisson Björn , Moreau Mathieu , Thellenberg Karlsson Camilla , Olsson Lars E. , Widmark Anders , Riklund Katrine , Blomqvist Lennart , Berg Loegager Vibeke , Axelsson Jan , Strandberg Sara N. , Nyholm Tufve
Published: June 2024

Background: The delineation of intraprostatic lesions is vital for correct delivery of focal radiotherapy boost in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Errors in the delineation could translate into reduced tumour control and potentially increase the side effects. The purpose of this study is to compare PET-based delineation methods with histopathology.
Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 15 patients with confirmed high-risk PC intended for prostatectomy. [68Ga]-PSMA-PET/MR was performed prior to surgery. Prostate lesions identified in histopathology were transferred to the in vivo [68Ga]-PSMA-PET/MR coordinate system. Four radiation oncologists manually delineated intraprostatic lesions based on PET data. Various semi-automatic segmentation methods were employed, including absolute and relative thresholds, adaptive threshold, and multi-level Otsu threshold.
Results: The gross tumour volumes (GTVs) delineated by the oncologists showed a moderate level of interobserver agreement with Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.68. In comparison with histopathology, manual delineations exhibited the highest median DSC and the lowest false discovery rate (FDR) among all approaches. Among semi-automatic approaches, GTVs generated using standardized uptake value (SUV) thresholds above 4 (SUV > 4) demonstrated the highest median DSC (0.41), with 0.51 median lesion coverage ratio, FDR of 0.66 and the 95th percentile of the Hausdorff distance (HD95%) of 8.22 mm.
Interpretation: Manual delineations showed a moderate level of interobserver agreement. Compared to histopathology, manual delineations and SUV > 4 exhibited the highest DSC and the lowest HD95% values. The methods that resulted in a high lesion coverage were associated with a large overestimation of the size of the lesions.