bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity and Reliability of Physiological Data in Applied Settings Measured by Wearable Technology: A Rapid Systematic Review
Authors: Carrier Bryson , Barrios Brenna , Jolley Brayden D. , Navalta James W.
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this review was to evaluate the current state of the literature and to identify the types of study designs, wearable devices, statistical tests, and exercise modes used in validation and reliability studies conducted in applied settings/outdoor environments. This was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We identified nine articles that fit our inclusion criteria, eight of which tested for validity and one tested for reliability. The studies tested 28 different devices with exercise modalities of running, walking, cycling, and hiking. While there were no universally common analytical techniques used to measure accuracy or validity, correlative measures were used in 88% of studies, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in 75%, and Bland–Altman plots in 63%. Intra-class correlation was used to determine reliability. There were not any universally common thresholds to determine validity, however, of the studies that used MAPE and correlation, there were only five devices that had a MAPE of < 10% and a correlation value of > 0.7. Overall, the current review establishes the need for greater testing in applied settings when validating wearables. Researchers should seek to incorporate multiple intensities, populations, and modalities into their study designs while utilizing appropriate analytical techniques to measure and determine validity and reliability.
Bee Venom Acupuncture Attenuates Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Modulating Action Potential Threshold in A-Fiber Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons
Authors: Lee Ji Hwan , Gang Juan , Yang Eunhee , Kim Woojin , Jin Young-Ho
Published: November 2020

Oxaliplatin is a third-generation platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug widely used in colorectal cancer treatment. Although potent against this tumor, it can induce cold and mechanical allodynia even after a single injection. The currently used drugs to attenuate this allodynia can also cause unwanted effects, which limit their use. Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) is widely used in Korean medicine to treat pain. Although the effect of BVA on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain has been addressed in many studies, its action on dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons has never been investigated. A single oxaliplatin injection (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) induced cold and mechanical allodynia, and BVA (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, subcutaneous, ST36) dose-dependently decreased allodynia in rats. On acutely dissociated lumbar 4–6 DRG neurons, 10 min application of oxaliplatin (100 μM) shifted the voltage-dependence of sodium conductance toward negative membrane potentials in A- but not C-fibers. The resting membrane potential remained unchanged, but the action potential threshold decreased significantly compared to that of the control (p < 0.05). However, 0.1 μg/mL of BVA administration increased the lowered action potential threshold. In conclusion, these results suggest that BVA may attenuate oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by altering the action potential threshold in A-fiber DRG neurons.
Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera)
Authors: Cohen Chris M. , Cole T. Jeffrey , Brewer Michael S.
Published: November 2020

Robber flies are an understudied family of venomous, predatory Diptera. With the recent characterization of venom from three asilid species, it is possible, for the first time, to study the molecular evolution of venom genes in this unique lineage. To accomplish this, a novel whole-body transcriptome of Eudioctria media was combined with 10 other publicly available asiloid thoracic or salivary gland transcriptomes to identify putative venom gene families and assess evidence of pervasive positive selection. A total of 348 gene families of sufficient size were analyzed, and 33 of these were predicted to contain venom genes. We recovered 151 families containing homologs to previously described venom proteins, and 40 of these were uniquely gained in Asilidae. Our gene family clustering suggests that many asilidin venom gene families are not natural groupings, as delimited by previous authors, but instead form multiple discrete gene families. Additionally, robber fly venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function.
Structural Basis of Zika Virus Specific Neutralization in Subsequent Flavivirus Infections
Authors: Sevvana Madhumati , Rogers Thomas F. , Miller Andrew S. , Long Feng , Klose Thomas , Beutler Nathan , Lai Yen-Chung , Parren Mara , Walker Laura M. , Buda Geeta , Burton Dennis R. , Rossmann Michael G. , Kuhn Richard J.
Published: November 2020

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne human flavivirus that causes microcephaly and other neurological disorders, has been a recent focus for the development of flavivirus vaccines and therapeutics. We report here a 4.0 Å resolution structure of the mature ZIKV in complex with ADI-30056, a ZIKV-specific human monoclonal antibody (hMAb) isolated from a ZIKV infected donor with a prior dengue virus infection. The structure shows that the hMAb interactions span across the E protein dimers on the virus surface, inhibiting conformational changes required for the formation of infectious fusogenic trimers similar to the hMAb, ZIKV-117. Structure-based functional analysis, and structure and sequence comparisons, identified ZIKV residues essential for neutralization and crucial for the evolution of highly potent E protein crosslinking Abs in ZIKV. Thus, this epitope, ZIKV’s “Achilles heel”, defined by the contacts between ZIKV and ADI-30056, could be a suitable target for the design of therapeutic antibodies.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Immune-Checkpoint DNA Cancer Vaccines in a Rat Cholangiocarcinoma Model
Authors: Pan Yi-Ru , Wu Chiao-En , Chen Ming-Huang , Huang Wen-Kuan , Shih Hsuan-Jen , Lan Keng-Li , Yeh Chun-Nan
Published: November 2020

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor with aggressive biological behavior. Immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) and antiprogrammed death 1 (PD-1) are critical immune-checkpoint molecules that repress T-cell activation. The DNA vaccine potential against CTLA4 and PD-1 in CCA is unknown. We used a thioacetamide (TAA)-induced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) rat model to investigate the DNA vaccine potential against CTLA4, PD-1, and PD-L1. We detected PD-L1 expression in CCA and CD8+ T-cell infiltration during CCA progression in rats. We validated antibody production, carcinogenesis, and CD8+ T-cell infiltration in rats receiving DNA vaccination against PD-1, PD-L1, or CTLA4. In our TAA-induced iCCA rat model, the expression of PD-L1 and the infiltration of CD8+ T cells increased as in rat CCA tumorigenesis. PD-1 antibodies in rats were not increased after receiving PD-1 DNA vaccination, and CCA tumor growth was not suppressed. However, in rats receiving PD-L1–CTLA4 DNA vaccination, CCA tumor growth was inhibited, and the antibodies of PD-L1 and CTLA4 were produced. Furthermore, the number of CD8+ T cells was enhanced after PD-L1–CTLA4 DNA vaccination. DNA vaccination targeting CTLA4–PD-L1 triggered the production of specific antibodies and suppressed tumor growth in TAA-induced iCCA rats.
Hepatogenous Photosensitivity Outbreak after Coccidiosis in Grazing Holstein Steers
Authors: Nieman Christine , Schaefer Daniel , Maroney Michael , Nelson Kathryn , Albrecht Kenneth
Published: November 2020

Clinical signs of photosensitivity in cattle can occur sporadically and unpredictably. It is believed that cases of photosensitivity may be underreported, causing inaccurate and inflated reports of mortality. Additionally, because secondary photosensitization in grazing cattle occurs with liver damage or dysfunction, photosensitivity can have many potential or associated causes. This case links a previous occurrence of coccidiosis to an outbreak of photosensitivity in grazing Holstein steers. Grazing management staff first observed clinical signs of photosensitivity 17 days after an outbreak of coccidiosis and subsequent turnout to spring pastures. Clinical signs were observed in 25% of the population. The severity of photosensitivity was variable and ranged from blistered skin on the muzzle to sloughing of unpigmented epidermis and thinly haired regions. Severely affected cattle were removed from pasture, housed under shade, monitored for infection, and recovered without treatment. Mild cases remained on pasture and recovered without treatment. Photosensitivity did not reoccur in the cattle that remained on pasture or in mildly affected cattle returned to pasture. Photosensitivity did not appear to be associated with pasture weeds, a specific forage species, or variable or extreme weather conditions that could have resulted in mycotoxin production. The occurrence appears to have been a result of a previous and concurrent coccidiosis outbreak that caused secondary photosensitization through hepatic lipidosis caused by anorexia and dehydration associated with the severe coccidiosis. Although clinical signs appeared suddenly, cattle recovered quickly and without treatment.
Modeling of Mass Balance Variability and Its Impact on Water Discharge from the Urumqi Glacier No. 1 Catchment, Tian Shan, China
Authors: Thiel Kira , Arndt Anselm , Wang Puyu , Li Huilin , Li Zhongqin , Schneider Christoph
Published: November 2020

Originating in the Tian Shan mountains, Urumqi River plays a key role in terms of water supply to downstream areas. In its headwaters, Urumqi Glacier No. 1 (UG1) is the largest glacier contributing to water discharge. Assessing its response to the changing climatic conditions in the area is of major importance to quantify future water availability. We here apply COSIPY, a COupled Snowpack and Ice surface energy and mass balance model in PYthon, to UG1, implementing a new albedo parameterization which integrates site-specific bare-ice albedo values on a pixel-by-pixel basis observed by remote sensing. We assess model performance threefold: quantitatively based on long-term measurement data of (1) surface mass balance (SMB) and (2) water discharge as well as qualitatively (3) comparing simulated snow line altitudes to such imated on the basis of time-lapse photography. Comparison of the modeled SMB with annually-averaged data from ablation stakes reveals that COSIPY including the new albedo parameterization accounts for 57.6% of the variance observed in the measurements. The original albedo parameterization performs only slightly inferior (57.1%). Glacier-wide comparison between modeled and glaciological SMB shows high agreement. In terms of discharge prediction, COSIPY reproduces onset and duration of the discharge season well. Estimated discharge from the whole catchment shows shortcomings in exactly matching the measured times series, but interannual variability is captured.
Three-dimensional bone modeling of forelimb joints in New Zealand Rabbit: A Micro-Computed Tomography study
Authors: AKGÜN Remzi Orkun , ORHAN İsmail Önder , EKİM Okan
Published: November 2020

In this study, it was aimed to obtain 3-dimensional (3D) digital and printed models of healthy forelimb joints using micro-computed tomography (µCT) technique in New Zealand Rabbit, which is frequently preferred in experimental orthopedic studies. Moreover, it was aimed to provide morphometric measurements on the shoulder and elbow joints over 3D digital models. A total of 14 adults (7 female, 7 male) New Zealand Rabbits were used in the study. After imaging the forelimbs with the µCT device, 3D digital and printed models were obtained. Biometric measurements of shoulder and elbow joints were performed over 3D digital models and the data obtained from female and male rabbits were evaluated statistically. The anatomical structure on the 3D joint models was very detailed due to the low section thickness and high detector quality. 3D printed models produced as a result of the 3D printing process were quite durable, odorless, and clean. No anatomical differences were observed between 3D printed models and 3D digital models. In this study, it is thought that the anatomical and morphometric data obtained from laboratory rabbits will contribute to scientists take part both in experimental orthopedic intervention and clinical anatomy education.
C-reactive protein cut-offs used for acute respiratory infections in Danish general practice
Authors: Lykkegaard Jesper , Olsen Jonas Kanstrup , Sydenham Rikke Vognbjerg , Hansen Malene Plejdrup
Published: November 2020

Background

GPs can use the C-reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care test (POCT) to assist when deciding whether to prescribe antibiotics for patients with acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs).

Aim

To estimate the CRP cut-off levels that Danish GPs use to guide antibiotic prescribing for patients presenting with different signs and symptoms of RTIs.

Design & setting

A cross-sectional study conducted in general practice in Denmark.

Method

During the winters of 2017 and 2018, 143 GPs and their staff registered consecutive patients with symptoms of an RTI according to the Audit Project Odense (APO) method. CRP cut-offs were estimated as the lowest level at which half of the patients were prescribed an antibiotic.

Results

In total, 7813 patients were diagnosed with an RTI, of whom 4617 (59%) had a CRP test performed. At least 25% of the patients were prescribed an antibiotic when the CRP level was >20 mg/L, at least 50% when CRP was >40 mg/L, and at least 75% when CRP was >50 mg/L. Lower thresholds were identified for patients aged ≥65 years and those presenting with a fever, poor general appearance, dyspnoea, abnormal lung auscultation, or ear/facial pain, and if the duration of symptoms was either short (≤1 day) or long (>14 days).

Conclusion

More than half of patients presenting to Danish general practice with symptoms of an RTI have a CRP test performed. At CRP levels >40 mg/L, the majority of patients have an antibiotic prescribed.
Mayers-Scotten’s 4-M Model: A Qusai-Experimental Study of Pashto-English Morphological Ability
Authors: Zahara Fatima-tu , Saleem Tahir , Joiya Nadia , Abdullah Farhat
Published: November 2020

Bilingualism has been a myth for linguists and language policy and planning professionals for decades. Current study observes morphological ability and bilingual profile of L1 and L2 of Pashto mother-tongue children. Bilingual profile of the participants measured through bilingual language profile (BLP) tool. Both L1 and L2 children were tested before and after intervention. Morphological ability was measured through 4 M model. After 4 weeks of intervention, experimental child was able to read and write complex words with bridge morphemes. In contrast, controlled sample was not exposed to the intervention. The participants performed assigned language tasks and their performance-expressions were analyzed. Study confirms that early and late bridge morphemes are acquired and children have intelligibility of the language despite the fact that BLP shows low profile of the mother tongue. Significant effects of mother tongue were recorded in the participants’ performance. Effects of explicit morphological instruction was focused on identifying Pashto orthography and applying morphological ability on word formations. Findings reveal bilingual profile and patterns of morphological ability after didactic practice of intervention. Intervention contributed in developing Pashto orthography that was crucial for reading and writing proficiency. Direct impact on text-based inference and reading comprehension was another milestone of this qusai-experimental research. This model can be used for longitudinal studies.
Analisis Guncangan Gempa Bumi Lombok dan Palu Tahun 2018
Authors: Palupi Indriati Retno , Raharjo Wiji , Alfiani Oktavia Dewi
Published: November 2020

Gempa bumi Lombok dan Palu di Sulawesi Tengah pada tahun 2018 mengakibatkan banyaknya kerusakan pada bangunan yang ada di wilayah sekitar gempa bumi. Kedua gempa tersebut sama-sama bersumber dari patahan tetapi memiliki karaekteristik yang berbeda. Gempa bumi di Lombok didahului oleh foreshock dengan jarak tujuh hari dari mainshock sementara gempa bumi Palu mengakibatkan timbulnya fenomena tsunami dan likuefaksi. Salah satu efek yang ditimbulkan akibat gempa bumi dan dirasakan langsung oleh masyarakat adalah guncangan tanah. Guncangan tersebut dapat dirasakan sampai dengan ratusan kilometer dari pusat lokasi gempa bumi dengan berbagai variasi kekuatan yang berbeda-beda, tergantung pada mekanisme fokus, besaran magnitudo gempa bumi itu sendiri dan jarak lokasi dari sumber gempa bumi serta faktor geologi. Atenuasi percepatan tanah merupakan salah satu metode untuk memperkirakan seberapa besar kekuatan guncangan tanah akibat gempa bumi. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan persamaan menurut Campbell (1981), Idriss (2002) dan Fukushima. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa daerah di bagian sisi barat dan timur Pulau Lombok serta hampir semua daerah di Sulawesi Tengah memiliki percepatan tanah yang cukup besar akibat gempa bumi.Kata kunci: atenuasi percepatan tanah, jarak, gempa Lombok, gempa Palu, magnitudo, mekanisme fokus Lombok and Palu earthquake (Central Sulawesi) in 2018 caused such damage to buildings in area around earthquake location. Both of them came from fault but they had their own chacacteristic. Lombok earthquake started with foreshock seven days before mainshock, while Palu earthquake its cause tsunami and liquifaction phenomena. One effect caused by earthquake and felt by peoples is ground shaking. Ground shaking can be felt by people untill hundred kilometers from earthquake location, depended on its focal mechanism, magnitude, the distance of the location and geological factors. Attenuation of Ground Acceleration is one methode to calculate the energy of ground shaking. In this research, we use ground acceleration equation from Campbell (1981), Idriss (2002) and Fukushima. The result showed that in west and east part of Lombok island and most of the area of Central Sulawesi have high ground shaking caused by the earthquake. Keywords: ground acceleration, distance, Lombok earthquake, Palu earthquake, magnitude, focal mechanism
Neotropical Rubiaceae: Synthesis of Chromosome Data from Costa Rican Taxa, with Insights on the Systematics of the Family
Authors: Kiehn Michael , Berger Andreas
Published: November 2020

Recent molecular systematic studies have significantly improved our understanding of the large, complex, and cosmopolitan plant family Rubiaceae, comprising about 13,000 species. Besides the obvious importance of DNA phylogenetic data, cytological studies have long added important basic information on the circumscription of clades and relationships within the family. In light of recent changes affecting a large number of tribes and genera, the current knowledge on the systematics of Neotropical Rubiaceae is reviewed with a focus on Costa Rica, which harbors an exceptionally rich Rubiaceae flora including most of the genera and biogeographic elements present in the Neotropics. Based on this systematic framework, previously published chromosome counts on Costa Rican taxa are reviewed and 49 new chromosome counts are reported. In total, 110 accessions of 75 species or infraspecific taxa representing 36 genera of Costa Rican Rubiaceae are discussed and supplemented by new counts for extraterritorial taxa when appropriate. Altogether the present study includes the first chromosome counts reported for the tribes Cordiereae and Hillieae, as well as for 10 genera and 27 species, providing new aspects of Rubiaceae systematics.
By choice or by force? Uncovering the nature of informal employment in urban Mexico
Authors: Duval Hernández Robert
Published: November 2020

The informal sector has long been viewed as a locus of the disadvantaged, unskilled, and inexperienced workers in under-developed and developing economies. Workers in the informal sector, however, can learn skills and gain experience that could help them switch to better-paying jobs in the formal sector. But evidence of this is limited. China constitutes an important case study because it is the most populous country and has the largest labour force, consisting of over 290 million rural-to-urban migrants whose employment is mostly informal. Using three waves of nationally representative household surveys from 2014 to 2018, we study how the livelihoods of Chinese workers change when transitioning to different work statuses within or between formal and informal sectors. Our results show that transitioning jobs from the informal to the formal sector and from the self-employed to the wage-employed increases earnings, which improves the livelihoods of Chinese workers.
Strukturalisme Genetik Cerpen “Penulis Biografi” Karya Bode Riswandi
Authors: Ahmadi Yusep , Kartiwi Yesi Maylani
Published: November 2020

Cerpen “Penulis Biografi” karya Bode Riswandi merupakan cerpen yang berisi kritik sosial terhadap maraknya buku-buku biografi yang syarat dengan pencitraan demi kepentingan politik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan struktur intrinsik dan struktur genetik cerpen “Penulis Biografi” karya Bode Riswandi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan interpretasi data secara mendalam. Sumber data penelitian cerpen “Penulis Biografi” dan berbagai literature yang mendukung penelitian. Hasil temuan menunjukkan secara struktural cerpen “Penulis Biografi”memiliki kelengkapan unsur-unsur intrinsik yang membangun kohesi cerpen, yakni tema, tokoh dan penokohan, alur, latar tempat, latar waktu, dan latar sosial. Sementara itu, struktur genetik yang ditemuakan adalah fakta kemanusiaan dan pandangan dunia pengarang. Fakta kemanusiaan pada cerpen ini menggambarkan adanya realitas sosial mantan-mantan jenderal yang membangun kekuatan dan pencitraan melalui buku biografi. Selanjutnya, pandangan dunia pengarang menitikberatkan kritik terhadap realitas tersebut yang menurutnya pencitraan melalui biografi pada akhirnya hanya untuk kepentingan proyek atau politik.Katakunci: cerita pendek, genetik, strukturalisme Abstract:"Penulis Biografi" by Bode Riswandi is a short story that contains social criticism on a trend of biographical books to build personal branding for political interest. The research aim is to describe the intrinsic and genetic structure of Bode Riswandi's short story "Penulis Biografi". The research was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods with in-depth data interpretation. The data source is short story "Penulis Biografi" and various literatures that support the research. The findings show that structurally the short story " Penulis Biografi " has a complete set of intrinsic elements that build short story cohesion, namely themes, characters and characterizations, plot, place setting, time setting, and social setting. Meanwhile, the genetic structure that has been found is the fact of humanity and the author’s point of view. The humanity facts in this short story illustrate the social reality of former generals who build power and personal branding through biography. Furthermore, the author's point of view emphasizes criticism toward this reality that the branding through biography is only aimed for project or political interest.. Keywords: short story, genetics, structuralism
Tindak Tutur Direktif Pelatih Drum Corps Sabda Kinnara Drum Corps
Authors: Safira Adnia
Published: November 2020

Peristiwa tutur satu arah antara pelatih dengan pemain (player) pada pelatihan drum corps di Sabda Kinnara Drum Corps UNNES merupakan hal yang mendasari dilakukannya penelitian. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan metode simak dan metode cakap. Data utama penelitian berupa hasil sadapan terhadap tuturan dua pelatih Sabda Kinnara Drum Corps UNNES divisi Colour Guard (CG) dengan data pendukung berupa hasil wawancara dengan pelatih divisi CG. Objek penelitian ini adalah tindak tutur direktif pelatih drum corps divisi Colour Guard (CG). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh 21 bentuk tindak tutur direktif yang digunakan pelatih SKDCU divisi CG, di antaranya 8 tindak tutur memerintah, 3 tindak tutur memohon, 6 tindak tutur menyarankan, dan 4 tindak tutur menantang.Katakunci: direktif, tindak tutur Abstract:The one-way speech from the coach to the players at the drum corps training at Sabda Kinnara Drum Corps UNNES was the basis of the research. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method. The research data were collected using recording and interview. The main data of the research are the results of recording of utterances used by two coaches in Sabda Kinnara Drum Corps UNNES Color Guard (CG) division with supporting data from interviews with the CG division coaches. The object of this research is directive speech act used by coach of Color Guard (CG) drum corps. This research reveals that there are 21 forms of directive speech acts used by the CG division SKDCU coaches, including 8 commanding speech acts, 3 pleading speech acts, 6 suggesting speech acts, and 4 challenging speech acts.Keywords: directive, speech act
Internalización del costo ambiental en proyectos financiados por los Bancos Multilaterales de Desarrollo en Centroamérica
Authors: Orellana Shirley Yadira
Published: November 2020

El desarrollo sustentable requiere compatibilizar el crecimiento económico y la distribución del ingreso, con la conservación del ambiente; balance que es armonizado por los Bancos Multilaterales de Desarrollo (BMD), el artículo tuvo como objetivo mostrar si los proyectos financiados por estos en Centroamérica internalizan los costos ambientales en sus modelos financieros. El carácter metodológico de la investigación correspondió al cualitativo mediante la revisión documental disponible en sus sitios web. A pesar de las décadas transcurridas desde la fundación de estas entidades, se observó que la valoración de las externalidades resultó incipiente. Se identificó una tendencia a consolidar el conjunto de sus políticas en instrumentos denominados Marcos Ambientales y Sociales; si bien en dichos instrumentos tomaron mayor relevancia los costos ambientales, estos se limitaron a temas asociados a reasentamientos, conservación de los hábitats naturales, y a la adquisición de tierra. Como acciones se identifican el fortalecimiento de la normativa ambiental nacional, la introducción de los costos ambientales en el mercado, la acogida de los costos ambientales por los responsables, y contar con la participación ciudadana. Se presentan propensiones emergentes dirigidas a instrumentos de finanzas verdes, modelos que permitirán tanto objetivos de rentabilidad económica, como metas relacionadas con el desarrollo sustentable.
Consideraciones en Pacientes con Dolor Crónico Sometidos a Cirugía
Authors: Kychenthal Loyola Catalina , Vega Pérez Eduardo , Elgueta Le-Beuffe Francisca
Published: November 2020

El dolor crónico es una condición cada vez más prevalente, que afecta aproximadamente a un 31% de la población nacional. Estos pacientes poseen características particulares que complejizan un óptimo cuidado perioperatorio, sobre todo en términos de analgesia, efectos adversos de los distintos fármacos y complicaciones postquirúrgicas. El objetivo de esta revisión es exponer el creciente problema que involucra el manejo de los pacientes con dolor crónico no oncológico sometidos a una cirugía, y destacar algunas consideraciones que se deben tener en su cuidado. Dentro de los aspectos más relevantes están una adecuada caracterización del dolor y un buen esquema analgésico a ser utilizado en el perioperatorio, prefiriendo un enfoque multimodal ajustado acorde a las necesidades del paciente. Se debe tener especial consideración en pacientes usuarios crónicos de opioides, aquellos con dolor neuropático y aquellos con fibromialgia. Un adecuado seguimiento de estos grupos permitirá ajustar los esquemas de acuerdo a sus necesidades y lograr un mejor manejo analgésico perioperatorio.
Escrita colaborativa: bullying escolar na educação profissional técnica
Authors: Oliveira Shirlene Bemfica de
Published: November 2020

Atividades colaborativas favorecem o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem e, especificamente em relação à produção escrita em língua inglesa, elas exigem dos estudantes o uso de competências linguísticas, sociais e de senso crítico, o que aumenta a necessidade de tomar decisões, de se arriscar, de compreender o outro e de resolver problemas. Além disso, elas promovem a valorização do “indivíduo” na coletividade, o aprendizado político, o empoderamento sociocultural, sentimento de pertencimento, e a possibilidade de interação social (OLIVEIRA, 2017). Por meio da colaboração, os alunos aprendem a analisar as semioses, a se posicionarem no mundo como pessoas, para a construção de identidades culturais individuais e sociais. Este trabalho é um recorte da pesquisa Escrita Colaborativa no Ensino e Aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa que busca compreender sob a ótica das teorias de ensino/aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras, o impacto de tarefas escritas em coautoria no aprendizado dos alunos. Os dados foram coletados em um laboratório de ensino de línguas do Ensino Médio Técnico de um Instituto Federal por meio de produções escritas em coautoria no Google Docs, gravações em áudio e vídeo. As análises têm foco no conteúdo dos textos (BARDIN, 1977), na análise lexical e no processo de construção do gênero evidente nas interações orais para a execução da tarefa. Os resultados apontam que as atividades de produção escrita colaborativa propiciam aos alunos a oportunidade de refletir e discutir questões inerentes ao texto no que diz respeito aos assuntos, a questões de cunho crítico, político, sociolinguístico e textual. Elas promovem a autonomia, a motivação e, como resultado, os textos apresentam mais qualidade na precisão gramatical e no nível de complexidade.
Aplicativos em sala de aula para o ensino de português: aproveitamento de diferentes possibilidades para um mesmo tema
Authors: Melo Lafayette Batista , Melbe da Costa Tatiana
Published: November 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo mostrar os resultados da aplicação de jogos educativos em uma turma do ensino fundamental como metodologia de ensino, na área de Língua Portuguesa, e com o conteúdo de reforma ortográfica. Tal escolha ocorreu para investigar como diferentes aplicativos que tratam de um mesmo tema podem ser usados diferentemente, explorando diversas orientações pedagógicas e sendo avaliados segundo critérios de apresentação, usabilidade e conteúdo relacionado. Através da aplicação de um questionário com os alunos foi constatada a necessidade de inserir os jogos como forma de ensino para melhorar a aprendizagem em sala de aula, mas também observou-se a possibilidade de aproveitar cada um dos aplicativos conforme as condições de uso e o grupo de alunos – ou seja, os critérios de avaliação trazem a possibilidade de verificar qual aplicativo poderia ser mais bem usado, conforme fatores como funcionalidades disponíveis, facilidade de instalação e uso simultâneo por vários alunos.
Model Optimalisasi Pelaksanaan Program Percepatan Pembangunan Desa/Kelurahan (P2DK) Di Kabupaten Sarolangun
Authors: Rahmat Suharto
Published: November 2020

Melalui Peraturan Daerah Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 Pemerintah Kabupaten Sarolangun menerbitkan kebijakan Program Percepatan Pembangunan Desa/Kelurahan (P2DK), Program ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan mengurangi angka kemiskinan dengan bantuan dana senilai dua ratus juta rupiah untuk setiap desa dan kelurahan dengan berbagai menu pemberdayaan ekonomi yang ditawarkan. Namun berdasarkan fenomena masalah menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kemiskinan Kabupaten Sarolangun masih berada pada urutan lima besar kabupaten termiskin dalam Provinsi Jambi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis implementasi kebijakan Program P2DK pada Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa (PMD) Kabupaten Sarolangun. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan fokus masalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hambatan apa saja yang dialami dalam pelaksanaan dengan menggunakan model implementasi kebijakan Edward III yang mengedepankan empat faktor, yaitu: Komunikasi, Sumberdaya, Sikap/Disposisi, dan Struktur Birokrasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Program P2DK di Dinas PMD Kabupaten Sarolangun masih ditemui beberapa kendala diantaranya yaitu masih kurangnya informasi yang diterima oleh masyarakat, kurangnya sumberdaya untuk mendampingi masyarakat selama melaksanakan kegiatan, pelaksanaan Program P2DK masih di lakukan oleh single actor saja, belum melibatkan dinas teknis terkait. Saran dari penelitian ini yakni merancang model pengembangan kelembagaan untuk bekerjasama dengan dinas teknis untuk meningkatkan komunikasi dengan masyarakat, dan pendekatan sistem reward dan punishment.
A utilização de álcool na população adolescente e sua relação com ideias suicí­das
Authors: Da Silva Gouveia Lima Arthur , Silveira Ribeiro Karla Carolina , Virginia Silva de Sousa Viviane , Laurentino Barbosa Amanda , Da Silva Bezerra de Lima Renan , Renaly Mota Rodrigues Alanne
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre o consumo de álcool em adolescentes e sua relação com o suicidio em escolas estaduais de João Pessoa. Método:Para a realização do estudo utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável que abordavam questões referentes ao consumo de bebida e ideações suicidas. Os dados foram analisados por estatí­stica descritiva e Qui-quadrado. A amostra foi composta por 1142 estudantes com média da idade de 16,38 anos. Resultados: podemos destacar que 12% da população da amostra planejaram suicidar-se e 7,4% tentaram suicidar-se. Acrescentando com consumo de álcool, onde cerca de 40,9% ingeriram bebida alcoólica no último mês. As análises demonstraram a existência de uma relação entre o plano para o suicí­dio vinculado a quantidade de bebida no último mês (x2 20,116; p<0,000), como também a Tentativa do suicí­dio vinculado com a quantidade bebida no último mês (x2 17,126; p<0,017). Conclusão: portanto, indicar possí­veis estratégias para o desenvolvimento de intervenções eficazes neste grupo etário.
Edukasi Periode Emas 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan
Authors: Julaecha Julaecha
Published: November 2020

The first 1000 days of life (HPK) movement is a movement to accelerate nutritional improvement. In this period the child's brain develops rapidly, although the human brain will continue to develop and can experience changes throughout life, but at this time the fastest development. The Indonesian government has committed and worked hard to accelerate the improvement of nutrition for the lives of children of the nation's next generation. The government's commitment has been stated through government regulation No. 42 of 2013 concerning the national movement to improve nutrition. Community service aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of pregnant women and mothers of children under the age of 1,000 HPK nutrition as a critical period that must be considered. Counseling method using the first 1000 days of the booklet of life published by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Community service is followed by pregnant women and mothers who have toddlers in the class of pregnant women and toddlers, held in November-December 2019 at BPM Rosmala Aini. The result of this community service is an increase in maternal understanding of the importance of nutrition from pregnancy to 2-year-old children, and it is hoped that the coverage of mothers giving breastfeeding in the first hour and exclusive breastfeeding increases
Peningkatan Perilaku tentang Diet Sehat di Panti Asuhan Yatim Piatu dan Dhuafa Yayasan Al ‘Ashr Banjarmasin 2019
Authors: Riza Yeni , Ernadi Erwin , Mahmudah Mahmudah
Published: November 2020

A healthy lifestyle is an effort that someone does consistently to stay in a healthy and optimal condition. Healthy lifestyle is done by paying attention to the nutritional needs in the body, exercise, rest and positive thinking. Healthy lifestyle is not uncommon as an effort that is not easy so it is difficult to implement, even though it will be even more difficult if we have become sick because they do not run a healthy lifestyle. The Orphanage Orphanage and Dhuafa Foundation Al ‘Ashr Banjarmasin is one of the orphanages in the city of Banjarmasin. Imbalance between food consumed with needs is the cause of malnutrition problems and over nutrition problems, so that children in this orphanage also have the risk of under nutrition problems and more due to lack of knowledge about a healthy diet. Therefore This community service activity will be held for children and adolescents of the Orphanage Orphanage and Dhuafa Foundation Al 'Ashr Banjarmasin in order to prevent nutritional problems due to inappropriate dietary patterns. The purpose of the activity is to provide knowledge for children and young people of the Orphanage Orphanage and Dhuafa Foundation Al ‘Ashr Banjarmasin on a healthy diet for the body's needs to create a healthy young generation. The main targets or specific targets of this activity are children and young people of the Orphanage Orphanage and Dhuafa Foundation Al ‘Ashr Banjarmasin which is located at Jalan Tembus Perumnas Rt 45 No. 127 Banjarmasin City. The method used in this activity is through video screenings, lectures, and discussions and questions and answers. The counseling activity was carried out on December 8, 2019, attended by 18 orphans. Activities take place smoothly and in an orderly manner. Increased knowledge about healthy diets in adolescents at the Orphanage Orphanage and the Al r Ashr Foundation Dhuafa, Increased skills in carrying out body examinations conducted independently such as measuring waist circumference, heart rate tests, oral health, nails etc
خصائص حركة السياحة الشاطئية ببلدية مصراتة
Authors: عاشور مصباح محمد
Published: November 2020

جاءت هذا الدراسة في بدايتها لتعطي ملخصاً عن السياحة الشاطئية، وما تتمتع به المنطقة من مقومات طبيعية وبشرية، وقد ركزت على خصائص الحركة السياحية وأهم مؤشراتها وتحليلها، وقد اعتمدت في ذلك على الدراسة الميدانية، إضافة إلى البيانات والمعلومات التي تم تزويدنا بها من قبل مجموعة المصائف والقرى السياحية، وقد سعى الباحث إلى عمل استبانة وزعت على مجموعة المصائف والمنتجعات، لأجل معرفة خصائص السياح الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والديموغرافية، إلى جانب التعرف عن إنطباعاتهم وأرائهم حول مستوى الخدمات، ومعرفة أهم المشاكل والصعوبات التي واجهوها أثناء زيارتهم، وماهي مقترحاتهم وتوصياتهم التي يرونها تساهم في زيادة فاعلية النشاط السياحي. أخيراً من نتائج الدراسة أن المنطقة تزخر بالعديد من المقومات السياحية التي تمكنها من الريادة في السياحة الشاطئية، أما عن التوصيات فقد كان من أبرزها نشر الوعي السياحي بين أفراد المجتمع لتقبل السياحة كنشاط اقتصادي فاعل في زيادة الدخل وتحسين مستوى المعيشة، ورفع معدلات الاستثمار، وتشجيع الباحثين للقيام بإجراء المزيد من الأبحاث حول تطوير القطاع السياحي.
La simulación de Montecarlo en el estudio de rentabilidad de cultivos de Yerba Mate
Authors: Emhart Nirich Mariane , Nuñez Gustavo , Maidana Alberto Pablo , Delvalle Augusto Tomas
Published: November 2020

Este estudio apunta a comprender la actividad del cultivo de yerba mate desde la óptica de las alternativas tecnológicas disponibles y la economía del sector, analizado en un ambiente de incertidumbre. La investigación fue enfocada en el análisis probabilístico de rentabilidad elaborando los flujos financieros del cultivo de la yerba mate a alta, media y baja densidad en el Departamento de Itapúa, Paraguay. Luego,las Tasas Internas de Retornos de dichos flujos fueron analizadas utilizando un modelo de simulación de Montecarlo. Los objetivos abordados fueron la medición de la rentabilidad del cultivo con este indicador, según la tecnología aplicada, y analizar la sensibilidad de los resultados a cambios de las principales variables. El relevamiento de datos de los productores se llevó a cabo mediante entrevistas a productores y técnicos asesores de producción. Los resultados demuestran, que en parcelas de media densidad se logra la mayor estabilidad de resultados de rentabilidad ante la incertidumbre del negocio.
Estudio de fallas en fuentes de alimentación conmutadas debido al estrés de los capacitores electrolíticos
Authors: Olsson Jorge Alberto , Trochez Oscar Dionisio , López Jorge Luis , Santiago Lea Vanessa , Anocibar Héctor Rolando , Kurtz Víctor Hugo
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo enmarcado en un proyecto de investigación acreditado, tuvo como objetivo determinar las principales causas de fallas en fuentes conmutadas o switching. En un 83% de los casos analizados los resultados empíricos indicaron que las fallas se debieron al estrés que soportan los capacitores utilizados como filtros. Los datos fueron obtenidos a partir de un seguimiento de servicios de mantenimientos electrónicos predictivo, preventivo y de reparación por fuera de servicio, esto fue comparado con la información de las hojas de datos de los fabricantes de capacitores, relacionándolos con sus condiciones de servicios por medio de simulación. La información obtenida permitió establecer la vida útil de los capacitores en las fuentes conmutadas, de acuerdo a sus condiciones de servicio y a la exigencia a las que son sometidas. Se concluyó que la determinación de la vida útil del capacitor frente al estrés permite aportar datos para un adecuado proceso de fabricación, y utilización de productos, una correcta elección de los mismos de acuerdo a su destino y también facilita los datos necesarios para la implementación de adecuados protocolos de mantenimiento predictivo y correctivo en equipos electrónicos.
Planificación Estratégica para la Gestión de la Tecnología y de la Innovación – Estudio de Caso
Authors: Mantulak Mario Jose , Hernández Pérez Gilberto
Published: November 2020

La gestión empresarial está indefectiblemente asociada con los activos tecnológicos utilizados en la empresa y en consecuencia, es necesario desarrollar una adecuada planificación, con un enfoque estratégico que permita la utilización integrada y sistemática de los recursos tecnológicos, en concatenación con sus competencias y capacidades tecnológicas. Por ello, resulta necesario disponer de herramientas procedimentales que favorezcan la planificación de la gestión de la tecnología y de la innovación con el propósito de contribuir a la toma de decisiones estratégicas en la empresa. Como objetivos del presente trabajo se plantean el diseño de un procedimiento para determinar las competencias tecnológicas distintivas y sus capacidades tecnológicas asociadas en empresas de manufactura, la verificación de su utilidad y su pertinencia. Para ello se realizó un estudio bibliográfico enfocado en la planificación estratégica, la gestión de la tecnología y la innovación, así como en las competencias y capacidades tecnológicas que contribuyan a la toma de decisiones en niveles jerárquicos de las empresas. Como principales resultados se destacan la construcción de un instrumental metodológico que posibilita la planificación estratégica de la gestión tecnológica y de la innovación, a través de la identificación de sus capacidades tecnológicas, y su verificación mediante la instrumentación en una empresa del sector de aserrado en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina.
Avaliação da Influência da Temperatura de Compactação no Desempenho de Misturas Asfálticas Quentes e Mornas a Partir de Análises Mecanicistas
Authors: Johann Külzer Paola Nadine , Pereira Rossato Fábio , Spies Tânia Betina S.
Published: November 2020

No Brasil, a mistura asfáltica a quente, mais conhecida como CA (Concreto Asfáltico), é a mais tradicionalmente utilizada na pavimentação devido às boas propriedades mecânicas que apresenta. A fabricação da mesma por meio de usinas de asfalto é considerada uma fonte de poluição ambiental quando se atenta ao excessivo consumo energético exigido para atingir a temperatura determinada em projeto, tanto dos agregados e ligante como da mistura asfáltica em sua composição final, tendo como consequência produção demasiada de poluentes. No entanto, surgem as misturas mornas, que tem como principal característica a redução da temperatura de usinagem e compactação, com consequente redução na emissão de poluentes e menor impacto nas áreas de abrangência dos empreendimntos. Logo, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a influência da temperatura de copactação no desempenho à fadiga de misturas asfálticas quentes e mornas, através de análises mecanicistas pelo Software SisPav e de cálculos, para determinação do desempenho à fadiga nos pavimentos. Percebeu-se que mesmo com a redução de temperatura de compactação as misturas mornas obtiveram melhores resultados, e as misturas quentes apresentaram redução notável de desempenho à fadiga quando compactadas a temperaturas não ideais, resultando em fissuração precoce do pavimento.
Kesediaan Guru Sains Sekolah Rendah terhadap pelaksanaan Dual Languange Programme (DLP)
Authors: Shamsudin Norhisham , Abdullah Norazilawati , Mohamed Noh Noraini
Published: November 2020

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti tahap kesediaan guru dalam melaksanakan DLP (Dual Languange Programme) dalam kalangan guru-guru Sains. Reka bentuk kajian menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif, menggunakan instrumen borang soal selidik bagi mendapatkan respon. Sampel seramai 103 guru Sains dipilih secara rawak dari sekolah-sekolah daerah Petaling Utama. Data yang dikumpulkan telah dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package For Social Sciences (SPSS). Secara deskriptif, data dianalisis menggunakan taburan kekerapan, peratus, min dan sisihan piawaian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap kesediaan guru dari segi kemahiran (penguasaan bahasa Inggeris dan istilah Sains) terhadap pelaksanaan DLP adalah sederhana, tahap kesediaan guru Sains dari segi pengetahuan terhadap pelaksanaan DLP adalah tinggi dan tahap kesediaan minat terhadap pelaksanaan DLP adalah sederhana. Analisis inferensi berdasarkan analisis kolerasi yang telah dijalankan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap kesediaan guru dan pengalaman mengajar Sains sekolah rendah dalam melaksanakan DLP. Semua pihak seharusnya memainkan peranan bersama bagi memastikan pelaksanaan DLP ini akan lebih berjaya di masa akan datang.
Analyses of using determination key on vertebrate zoology course to improve classification ability and concept atainment of biology education students
Authors: Sudargo Fransisca , Hernawati Hernawati
Published: November 2020

The aim of this study was to analyze the use of determination key on vertebrate zoology to improve classification ability and concept attainment of biology education students. Mixed method was used on this study that consist of both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Descriptive methods are used for qualitative analyses and the correlation methods for the quantitative analyses. Mixed method strategy by using triangulation concurrent because both qualitative and quantitative data were collected in the same time, and then compared to identify the convergence the differences or the combination of the data. The data analyses showed that by using the vertebrate zoology’s determination key, could increase the students’ classification ability and concept attainment of the students in Biology education department. The students’ classification ability on reasoning the facts and the base of zoology vertebrate matter were increase. The highest score is for the ability of concept attainment (74.2%). There were also the highest score on cognitive indicator of concept comprehension. The highest score were showed on concept applying (C3) that was 35.4 point. The high correlation between ‘classification ability’ and ‘concept attainment’ showed that there was positive impact on the use of the use of determination key toward concept attainment.