bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Outcome and its Risk Factors, Clinical and Radiological Findings in Patients Admitted at Gmc Sukkur
Authors: Sachdewani Rajkumar , Soomro Shoaibunnisa , Soomro Tahir Hussain , Soomro Zuhaib Zahoor , Lakhan Hazooran , Abro Kousar
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy and evaluation of the risk factors, clinical and radiological findings in patients admitted at GMC Sukkur. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from August 2018 to December 2019 at the Gynecology/Obstetrics Department, and the Cardiology department of Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur. Patients between age of 15 to 50 years, presented with clinical features suggestive of heart failure, either in late pregnancy, i.e. one month pre-partum or within the first five months postpartum, without any identifiable cause of heart failure, were included. Peripartum cardiomyopathy was diagnosed on the basis of signs and symptoms, and confirmed by electrocardiogram, echo and chest X-ray. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: A total of 82 patients were studied, their mean age was 31.0±4.15 years. The most common risk factor was multiparty (59.7%), followed by age above 30 (58.5%) years. Hypertension was present in 48.7% participants; diabetes was present in 32.9% participants and maternal mortality was 18.2%. The most common complication was congestive cardiac failure (26.8%), followed by arrhythmias. 18.0% fetus were stillbirth. Neonatal mortality was 5.9% and 42.6% of alive birth required neonatal intensive care unit admission. Conclusion: Maternal and fetal outcome was observed in the patients of Peripartum cardiomyopathy. Maternal age and multiparty were prominent risk factors for peripartum cardiomyopathy. It is important that efforts should be made to identify the women at risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy early in pregnancy. Multidisciplinary teams should manage pregnant women at risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy. Keywords: Peripartum Cardiomyopathy, Risk Factors, Maternal Outcome, Fetal Outcome August 2018 to December 2019. A total of eighty-two women
Frequency of Vitamin D Deficiency among Patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type II, Presented at Medicine OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Aamer Nasrullah , kumar Raj , Nizamani Muhammad Khalid , Tunio Yar Muhammad , Memon Shahzad , Farhad Ruqayya
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of vitamin d deficiency and insufficiency among patients of diabetes mellitus type II presented at medicine OPD of tertiary care Hospital Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done at Medicine department of Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for women Nawabshah (SBA). Study was done during six months from April 2020 to September 2020. All patients of diabetes mellitus type II, age >40 years and of either were included. A 5ml sample was taken from each patient and was sent to the diagnostic laboratory to assess the HbA1c level and vitamin D status. The normal range for vitamin D (25-OHD) was 30–40 ng/ml. The value <20 ng/ml was defined as deficiency while insufficiency was ranged between 20.1- 29.9 ng/ml. All the data was collected by the self-made study proforma. Data analysis was done by using the SPSS version 26. Results: A total of 62 patients of diabetes mellitus were studied for vitamin D level; their average age was 49.51+12.65 years and average duration of diabetes was 10.25+5.22 years. Average HbA1c was 7.33+3.5 and the average vitamin D level was 27.21+21.98. 36(58.1%) were males and 26(41.9%) were females. Average BMI was 28.41+3.63 kg/m2. Out of all study participants 48.40% of the cases were observed with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was statistically insignificant according to gender and socioeconomic status (p=>0.05). Conclusion: As per study conclusion the vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed to be higher among patients of diabetes mellitus type II and vitamin D deficiency was insignificantly linked to gender, socioeconomic status and severity of diabetes. Keywords: Vitamin D, Type II diabetes mellitus
Mental Health Disorders among Covid-19 Infected Saudi Cohort
Authors: Ejaz Khan Muhammad Sohaib , Sharif Hassan Al , Fageeh Sanaa , Khoja Hamza , Alhedyan Saleh , Jabad Reem
Published: February 2022

Background: Numerous studies revealed mental health disorders among general population and healthcare workers during Covid-19 pandemic. However, fewer data are available on mental health status of Covid-19 infected patients. Present study was aimed to survey Covid-19 infected Saudi cohort for common mental health disorders. Objective: To determine the frequency of common mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, insomnia and post-traumatic stress disorders [PTSD]) in Covid-19 infected Saudi cohort. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional. Settings: King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (ksa) during March to April 2021 Patients and Methods: The population of the study comprised of cohort of confirmed Covid-19 infected patients (n=310) managed at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital Jeddah, KSA. The GAD-7 score was used to assess anxiety; Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression, Impact of Event Scale–revised for PTSD and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used to assess insomnia. Results: The most frequent mental health disorder found in the present study was anxiety (77.1%) followed by clinically significant depression (36.1%), insomnia (33.9%), and PTSD (21.6%). Individuals with lower level of education demonstrated one and half fold higher risk of having anxiety (OR of 1.54, 95% CI: 1.006-2.343, P=0.047) and widows demonstrated 2-fold higher risk of developing insomnia (OR of 1.7, 95% CI: 1.028-2.80, P=0.039). No other significant association observed. Conclusions: A significant proportion of Covid-19 infected Saudi cohort demonstrated mental health disorders, though of mild degree in majority of the participants. Individuals with lower level of education and widows manifested higher risk of developing anxiety and insomnia, respectively. Keywords: Anxiety; Covid-19; Mental health disorders; Post traumatic stress disorder
Medical and Veterinary Ectoparasites' Importance: An Insight on Alternative Control
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Idress Atif , Qadir Ziyad Abdul , Imran Fareeha , Qasim Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Shehzad , Aziz Huma , Iqbal Zafar , Qazi Imran , Sadia Bibi , Khan Imtiaz , Shah Said Hussain , Rasheed Muhammad , Ali Mubarik
Published: February 2022

Numerous ectoparasites of people and domestic cattle remain a chronic concern in the contemporary world, despite many attempts at eradication. For many years, pesticide medications such as organophosphates, organochlorides, and synthetic pyrethroids were efficient in controlling these parasites; however, widespread use of these treatments has resulted in resistance in many target species. Domestic animals play a vital role in food production, producing meat, milk, and money. The agricultural communities raze livestock’s as an insurance and investment in contradiction of risk. Animals with short generation intervals and high fertility offer economic, managerial, and biological benefits, since milk production can start five or six months after mating and the first corpse can be sold in less than a year. Livestocks are also a main source of manure, which helps to fertilize the soil, as well as skin, which is one of the most significant products that generates foreign cash for the country. However, the combined effects of sickness, inadequate food, and bad management limit animal output. Parasitic sickness is one of the most common disorders in domestic animals and human, and it has a significant economic impact. Ectoparasites of livestocks are extensively dispersed with varying degrees of incidence, and are crucial in causing considerable economic damage to the agricultural community, the tanning and leather sector even throughout the wolrd, necessitating efficient control methods. Scabies mites, head lice, and bed bugs are important medical ectoparasites that pose a considerable public health threat, hence effective management strategies are required. Alternative management approaches have been developed in a number of ways, but more study is needed before they can be utilized to effectively regulate the ectoparasitic illnesses in the forthcoming. Keywords: Human; Livestocks; Parasites; Biological control; Chemical control
Holmium: YAG Laser in the Management of Impacted Ureteral Stones HYLe Study
Authors: Maheshwari Pardeep Kumar , Jabeen Mehnaz , Laghari Riaz Hussain , Qureshi Harris Hassan , Uddin Shah Syed Rafiuddin , Hasan Asad Shahzad
Published: February 2022

Background: Holmium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG) laser is considered cost-effective and efficient choice in ureteroscopic lithotripsy on all types of stones. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of Holmium: YAG laser in impacted ureteral stones. Methods: We conducted a prospective case series at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT) Pakistan from 1st October 2016 till 30th September 2017. All adult patients between 18 to 60 years of age with single <20mm ureteral stone impacted for more than one month. The primary outcomes include stone-free and recurrence of ureteric stone during two-year follow-up. Analyses performed using SPSS version 21.0. Results: A total of 117 patients recruited, of which most were males (61,52.14%). The average duration of disease was 7.82±1.79 months, with a stone size of 12.49±3.8 mm. Most of the stones were located in the middle of the ureter (56,47.86%). Holmium: YAG laser for treatment was effective in 99 (84.62%) cases, and efficacy above 80% in all age groups, but the insignificant difference was observed between both gender, location, duration of disease, size of the stone, use of a guidewire and the different catheter. All of the patients were found to be stone-fragment free at six weeks. The ureteral injury was observed (4,3.41%) and recurrence rate in the same ureter was found in a total of 5 (4.27%) patients. Conclusions: Holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy may be considered a safe and effective first-line therapy for impacted ureteral stones, avoiding futile repetition and complication of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Keyword: ureteroscopic lithotripsy, stone-fragment, YAG laser lithotripsy.
Frequency of Prostate Cancer in Men with Low Percent Free Prostate Specific Antigen in the Serum
Authors: Jabeen Mehnaz , Saleem Rabeea , Piyarali Shireen , Maheshwari Pardeep Kumar , Uddin Shah Syed Rafiuddin , Hasan Asad Shahzad
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the utmost communal type of cancer in adult men. Assessment of serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA) is broadly cast-off as a screening assistance in the prompt diagnosis of cancer of prostate. Irrespective of the prostate size or patient’s age, 25% cut off value is set or less free PSA level in percentage is suggested for cases with values of PSA amid 4.1 and 10 ng/ml; This helps in detecting prostate cancers in 95% of cases and prevent 20% of unnecessary biopsies. The greater the free PSA percentage, the less jeopardy of cancer. This analysis was designed to evaluate the incidence of prostate cancer in patients with a low percentage of free PSA. If the scale is found to be higher, aggressive strategies and early treatment can lead to good progress. Aim: To determine the frequency of prostate cancer in males with a low percentage of serum free PSA. Study Design: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study lasting 6 months from July 2020 to December 2020 at the Urology Department of the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation. Subject and method: 149 total individuals with symptoms of lower urinary tract were included in the research. All patients who came to the urology clinic (OPD); free PSA were examined with the same technique as the surgical patient and the result was recorded as proforma. Results: - The prostate cancer Incidence in males with decreased free serum PSA in percentage is noted in 128(85.91%) patients. Conclusions: Our study showed that prostate-specific free antigen plays an important role in the analysis of cancer of prostate. Keywords: Serum prostate specific antigen, Prostate cancer, percentage of free PSA
Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness of Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin Among High-Risk Patients with Dyslipidaemia
Authors: Ayyaz Muhammad , Bhatti Hammad Ur Rehman , Ayub Ahsan
Published: February 2022

Aim: The aim of this analysis was to compare the effectiveness of rosuvastatin in lowering cholesterol with that of atorvastatin in patients at high risk of dyslipidaemia. Place and Duration: In the Medicine department of Islam Medical College and Teaching Hospital Sialkot for six months duration from June 2021 to November 2021. Methods: This randomized, open-label study enrolled 90 patients with high-risk dyslipidaemia and diagnosed according to the international guidelines for the prevention of adult dyslipidaemia. These patients were randomized to rosuvastatin and atorvastatin to receive rosuvastatin 20 mg / day and atorvastatin 20 mg / day, respectively, for three months. In both groups, the efficacy of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on the concentration of LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) was assessed. In addition, the rates of achieving LDL-C or TC target levels were assessed in both groups. Results: Rosuvastatin caused a significantly greater reduction of LDL-C (43.2% and 38.1%, p <0.05) and TC (34.8% Vs 28.1%, p <0.05) than Atorvastatin. In addition, the percentage of subjects attaining the recommended target TC and LDL-C levels was higher in the group of rosuvastatin as compared to the atorvastatin group. Conclusions: In patients at high risk of hyperlipidemia, rosuvastatin has high efficacy in decreasing lipids than atorvastatin. Keywords: rosuvastatin, atorvastatin, dyslipidaemia, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides.
Prevalence of Tumors in the Posterior Cerebral Fossa in Children and Adults, as well as their Histological Kinds: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shah Irfanullah , Shaikh Muhammad Aslam , Mehmood Khalid
Published: February 2022

Aim: To determine the prevalence of posterior fossa tumors in children and adults, as well as their histological kinds. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place and duration: From February 2012 to January 2019, the Department of Neurosurgery at Riyadh Care Hospital Methodology: We undertook a descriptive analysis of patients with posterior fossa space-occupying lesions. The neurosurgical intervention was done in all of the instances due to the critical location. Specimens were sent for histological evaluation after surgery. The data from these patients, as well as histology reports, were examined. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Males made up 57.14 percent (n=48) of the 84 patients, while children made up 41.66 percent (n=35). The most common tumor was schwannoma, seen in 34.52 percent (n=29) of cases, 72.41 percent of adults, and 27.58 % of children. In 22.61 %, 15.47 %, and 14.28 % of cases, meningioma, pilocytic astrocytoma (PCA), and Meduloblastoma were found, respectively. Metastasis was only seen in adults, and malignant round blue cell tumors were only found in children. Astrocytoma and schwannoma were prevalent in adults. Children were more likely to develop Meduloblastoma, Pilocytic astrocytoma, and malignant round blue cell tumors. Conclusion: High-grade Astrocytoma and Schwannoma are dominantly present in adults. Malignant round blue cell tumor, Pilocytic astrocytoma Medulloblastoma is more prevalent in children. Metastasis was only observed in adults. Because of their location, risk of excision, and involvement of the brain stem structures and fourth ventricle, posterior fossa tumors are widely known for their significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is now possible due to modern diagnostic and therapy technologies, which help to lower mortality rates and improve postoperative prognosis. Keywords: posterior cerebral fossa tumors, children, adults
Prevalence of Osteomyelitis of the Foot among Patients of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Nadeem Kashmiri Muhammad , Ullah Inam , Nauman Fazal-E-
Published: February 2022

Aim: To assess the prevalence of osteomyelitis of the foot in patients with non-healing diabetic foot ulcers, the diagnostic accuracy of tests and the results of conservative treatment. Methods: Prospective data from 180 diabetic patients (selected by consecutive sampling) who presented to the Surgical and Orthopaedic department with non-healing diabetic foot ulcers were assessed and selected for the study. All subjects had plain x-rays, physical and general examination, and complete blood count done. The results were analyzed using SPSS v. 21.0. Results: Of 180 patients with non-healing diabetic foot ulcers assessed and treated in the out-patient department, 105 (58.3%) had osteomyelitis based on positive clinical picture, laboratory data, and imaging tests. 105 patients whom tested positive for osteomyelitis initially received conservative treatment. Twenty-five patients (13.8%) faced the tragic fate of amputation, which was not prevented by conservative treatment, the rest were positive and did not require amputation. Conclusions: We conclude that conservative treatment gives positive results in most cases. It is recommended that patients at risk of osteomyelitis be assessed on an outpatient basis so that the disease can be diagnosed at an early stage and thus help reduce the frequency of amputations. Keywords: diabetic foot ulceration, osteomyelitis, frequency of amputations.
Polygonum minus Aqueous Extract Supplement Reduces Stress-Induced Anorexia and Anhedonia in Mice
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Irfan , Aziz Nur Hidayah Kaz Abdul , Mohamed Noor Dzul Azri
Published: February 2022

Aim: To evaluate the effects of P. minus extract on Chronic ultra-mild stress induced anorexia and anhedonia was the main objective of this study. Background: Anorexia (less food intake) and anhedonia (loss of interest) are very common among depressed patients which create many problems about their essential nutrition values, they can lose their body weight and immunity which can further lead towards death due to severe anorexia. Anorexia has strong relationship with anhedonia because less food intake behavior is developed due to loss of interest in food. Polygonum minus plant belongs to family Polygonaceae, commonly known as ‘Kesum’ in Malaysia. Some experimental and clinical studies showed that an aqueous extract of its leaf part improve memory and enhances positive mood in patients as well as in research animals. It contains many essential flavonoids in its leaf part. Methodology: In this study chronic ultra-mild stress for 6 weeks had been used to induce the depression in mice (n=14), there were 6 groups in this study including three groups with different doses of P. minus extract. After CUMS the body weight, Food consumption and Food preference tests were performed. Results: Results showed that stressed mice group lost their body weight significantly and P. minus extract improves sweet food preference and food consumption with maximum doses in comparison of Chronic ultra-mild stressed group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that chronic administration of P. minus extract can reduce the anorexia and improves the anhedonia among stressed mice. Keywords. Polygonum minus, Anorexia, Anhedonia, Aqueous, Extract
Historiografi Spanyol Masa Kekuasaan Islam
Authors: Fathurrofiq Fathurrofiq
Published: February 2022

Epos sejarah Islam di Spanyol membentang dalam kurun waktu kurang lebih  tujuh abad atau 700-an tahun. Selama tujuh ratus tahun dihitung dari tahun masuknya Thoriq bin Ziyad ke Selat Gibraltar pada 711 M (muslim conquest) sampai pada tahun kejatuhan Granada di tangan Raja Ferdinand dan Ratu Isabella 1492 M (Reconguesta). Sejarawan dari Yele University Maria Rosa Menacol menghitung selama tujuh abad, yaitu dari tahun 750 M sampai 1492 M. Mengambil tahun 750, berarti ia memulai dari masa Abdurrahman Ad-Dakhil. Sepanjang kurun itu, Islam yang digerakkan oleh ekspansi orang-orang Arab mampu berkuasa kuat di Spanyol.

Pasukan Islam yang dibawa oleh Thoriq mampu mengalahkan pasukan Roderik, Raja Gotik (Visighot). Kejayaan umat Islam berkembang pesat di Semenanjung Iberia itu jauh mengungguli  kawasan-kawasan Eropa lain yang masih serba gelap. Namun kejayaan itu akhirnya rata dengan tanah ketika aliansi pasukan Kristen dari utara Pegunungan Pyrenees mampu menaklukkan Granada pada Januari 1292 M. Umat Islam Spanyol, termasuk warga Yahudi diberi pilihan: pindah agama Kristen atau keluar dari Spanyol. Gelombang eksodus besar-besaran terjadi. Bagi yang tidak menaati kebijakan itu akan diburu, disiksa dan dibantai. Sejak itu, Spanyol dengan semangat Kristen seolah melupakan tradisi toleransi dan berubah menjadi monster yang sadistis dan ingin membersihkan Eropa dari pencemaran orang-orang Islam. Sebuah antiklimaks drama kekuasaan umat Islam di Spanyol yang tragis sekaligus memilukan.

Untuk menjernihkan penyebutan tentang kawasan Spanyol masa kekuasaan umat Islam, penting dikemukakan di pendahuluan ini sejumlah penyebutan untuk Spanyol. Diantaranya: Andalusia, Semenanjung Iberia, dan Spanyol sendiri. Istilah-istilah itu menunjuk pada kawasan yang sama. Bedanya adalah asal kata atau etimologi penyebutan itu. Masyarakat Roma, pusat Kristen Eropa saat itu menyebut Spanyol sebagai Hispania dan Iberia. Sebutan Hispanik ini masih berlaku di Amerika Serikat untuk orang-orang migran Amerika Selatan yang berbahasa Spanyol. Sementara Andalusia berasal dari penyebutan suku-suku yang tidak beradap yang melakukan vandalisme. Mereka berasal dari wilayah Skandinavia, Swedia, Finlandia, Islandia yang menetap di Spanyol. Mereka disebut kaum Vandal. Dari vandal inilah dilogatkan oleh orang Arab menjadi Andalusia.
Penggunaan Model Studysaster pada Pembelajaran Daring dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia pada Siswa Kelas 5 SD Kyai Ibrahim Surabaya Tahun Pelajaran 2020-2021
Authors: Puspitarini Bety Indri
Published: February 2022

Menghadapi dampak  pandemi covid-19, kementerian Pendidikan dan kebudayaan melakukan penyesuaian, salah satunya adalah bekerja dari rumah dan belajar dari rumah. Melalui penggunaan model  studysaster dalam pembelajaran, siswa dapat mengedukasi dirinya sendiri dan dapat mengedukasi orang lain dari karya yang telah dibuat. Dengan begitu siswa mendapatkan suatu bekal untuk kehidupan dalam menghadapi suatu bencana dari dampak yang ditimbulkan. Dalam upaya ini guru sebagai fasilitator dan motivator yang diperlukan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran mengadakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran studysaster dalam penyusunan RPP. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat pada siklus I dan II dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan siswa mengalami peningkatan dari 57 % menjadi 75%. Adanya peningkatan hasil pembelajaran tersebut dikarenakan guru menggunakan model pembelajaran studysaster pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi iklan media cetak dan elektronik. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru ternyata memiliki dampak atau pengaruh yang positif dalam upaya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tingkah laku atau sikap siswa ketika mengikuti pembelajaran siswa terlihat aktif dan menikmati proses pembelajaran tersebut. Pada siklus II ini diperoleh ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 81% melebihi batas minimal ketuntasan klasikal yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya sebesar 75%.
Penerapan Metode Cooperative Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas 3 SDN Tambakrejo Gurah Kediri
Authors: Mahanani Putri Suci El
Published: February 2022

Sebagai seorang guru harus mampu memilih model pembelajaran yang tepat bagi siswa.  Penelitian terhadap siswa kelas3 SDN Tambakrejo saat pembelajaran IPS bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Apakah metode cooperative learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPSkelas  3 di SDN Tambakrejo Gurah Kediri ? (2) Bagaimana hasil belajar siswa setelah dilaksanakan metode cooperative learning  pada mata pelajaran IPS kelas  3 di SDN Tambakrejo Gurah Kediri? Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diperoleh hasil bahwa hasil belajar siswa kelas 3 SDN Tambakrejo Gurah Kediri cukup tinggi setelah diterapkan metode cooperative learning. Selain dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa, metode pembelajaran ini juga berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar yang cukup signifikan dari dari siklus I ke siklus II.. Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata siswa dalam Pemahaman Materi adalah66,45(58,06%), siklus II lebih mencapai menjadi 80,64(83,87%)
Sustentabilidade, desenvolvimento e planejamento urbano em cidades históricas
Authors: Costa Jailton , Nascimento Luciana , Oliveira Ingrid , Meneses Fernanda , Leal Elaine
Published: February 2022

Cidades sustentáveis tem sido um tema largamente discutido nos últimos anos, inclusive em escala internacional. Agendas globais, eventos, congressos e pesquisadores ao debaterem sobre o planejamento urbano, discutem o seu conceito e regulação, ainda em construção. No entanto, ao analisar as características espaciais das cidades históricas, pode-se relacionar semelhanças existentes com as cidades sustentáveis, sendo assim, as cidades históricas podem nos mostrar como as cidades sustentáveis são possíveis. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar os conceitos de cidades sustentáveis e históricas e encontrar características semelhantes entre esses dois tipos de cidades, a fim de verificar se as cidades históricas são cidades sustentáveis. Os procedimentos metodológicos desse estudo foram ramificados em 2 etapas: revisão bibliográfica e sistematização dos dados, utilizando-se técnicas de análise de documentos. Essa análise perpassa pela gestão ambiental, planejamento urbano e peculiaridades das cidades históricas. Por fim, conclui-se que é preciso pensar em intervenções arquitetônicas e de planejamento que desempenham um papel estratégico e sustentável para os núcleos históricos para aplicação nos centros urbanos.
A produção de verdades nas redes sociais digitais e intolerância à opinião divergente
Authors: Azevedo Rebeka Beatriz , Caldas Marcus Tulio
Published: February 2022

O incremento das redes sociais digitais e formação de um indivíduo que é consumidor e produtor de informações gerou grandes impactos nas relações sociais. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar como a produção de verdades nas redes sociais digitais contribui para a intolerância às opiniões divergentes. O caminho metódico trilhado configura a pesquisa como qualitativa bibliográfica e de caráter exploratório. Foram selecionados vinte e seis trabalhos científicos compreendidos entre os anos de 2009 e 2021, também consideramos os horizontes compreensivos dos filósofos Heidegger, Byung-chul Han e Gadamer. Em vista de maior elucidação do fenômeno utilizamos comentários odiosos realizados no instagram, nos perfis NE10, UOL e da cantora e compositora Karol Conká. Os resultados mostram que as redes sociais digitais influenciam as formas de comunicação e informação, e o modo de funcionamento dessas ferramentas contribui para a prevalência do igual e ausência do pensamento reflexivo, que, por sua vez, gera a intolerância às opiniões divergentes. Frente a essa problemática o “diálogo” se mostra importante na construção de novos horizontes compreensivos e resgate da mente que reflete.
Escola do Campo: Análise da execução do recurso do PDDE
Authors: Mendonça Francisco Xavier de
Published: February 2022

Esta pesquisa faz uma abordagem sobre as dificuldades de uma escola do campo, no que se refere à infraestrutura, acessibilidade, recebimento de recurso público e que medidas são adotadas para a execução desse recurso. O estudo foi realizado na Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil e Fundamental Juracy Batista de Jesus, localizada no Assentamento Massangana I, Município de Cruz do Espírito Santo – PB. O levantamento de dados foi obtido com aplicação de questionários com diretor escolar, presidente e conselheiros do conselho escolar. Tendo como nosso principal objetivo analisar a gestão dos recursos da escola do campo e os entraves que dificultam a sua gestão, além de identificar os métodos utilizados pelo conselho escolar ao receber os recursos do FNDE, verificando se existe transparência com relação ao recurso recebido que favoreça uma gestão democrática. Mediante os dados analisados percebemos que a referida escola, realiza reuniões com o conselho para definir necessidades e prioridades no tocante às compras de materiais e execução de serviço como o recurso do PDDE, no entanto, não existia uma lei que normalizasse tal ação no município, por essa razão será sugerido ao poder público municipal, uma lei que legalize o orçamento democrático das escolas municipais.
Formation of student professional skills under pandemic conditions
Authors: Kubitskyi Serhii , Pavelkiv Kateryna , Yatsyk Iryna , Kryvonos Olexandr , Tsymbal-Slatvinska Svitlana
Published: February 2022

The study aims to analyze the process of developing students’ professional skills and characterizing the degree of formation of this type of skill in the educational process during a pandemic. Methodology. In the course of the research, data from international studies and scientific publications have been used, as well as the results of students’ and teachers’ surveys on their position and development of professional skills of students during pandemic constraints of the educational process. Results. Through the methods of questioning, the pros and cons of distance learning from the point of view of degree-seeking students have been revealed, which is important for the formation of a student-oriented model of higher education. Advantages of distance learning include as follows: a flexible learning schedule, compatibility of work and study, mastering additional skills, courses, hobbies, and increasing motivation for independent learning. Disadvantages of distance learning during a pandemic are as follows: technical problems, lack of Internet access, the difficulty of self-study, low level of information technology level proficiency among teachers and students. It has been determined that students and educators require additional support during the pandemic.
Factors Influencing the Implementation of Strategic Plans in Small Manufacturing Firms in Nairobi County
Authors:   Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nduati Peterson  Munyua , Kariuki Paul ,   Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Wanjohi Peter ,   Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
Published: February 2022

An organization’s ability to implement its strategy successfully is a result of its ability to overcome obstacles leading to poor strategy implementation. However, a myriad of factors can potentially affect the process by which strategic plans are turned into organizational action. This study sough to determine the factors influencing the implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms in Nairobi County. Specifically, the study examined the effect of strategic innovation, strategic leadership and organizational culture on implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms in Nairobi County. The study was informed by the Contingency theory. The study adopted a descriptive survey research. The study targeted 50 small manufacturing firms in Nairobi County. Purposive sampling was used to select a manager and supervisor in each of the small manufacturing firms. A sample size of 100 respondents was used. A multiple regression analysis was used to establish the relationship between institutional factors and the implementation of strategic plans. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that strategic innovation and implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms is positively and significantly related. Strategic leadership and implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms is positively and significantly related. Lastly, results showed that organization culture and implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms is positively and significantly related. The study concluded that strategic innovation, strategic leadership and organizational culture significantly influence implementation of strategic plans in small manufacturing firms. The study recommends that the small manufacturing firms’ should understand the role organization culture play in management of organizations. They should be in a position to build a culture that is aligned to the strategic plans that they adopt. The small manufacturing firms’ managers should also develop strategic leadership to coordinate all the other resources to attain the desired goals. Strategic leadership determines success or failure of a strategic plan. Key words: Strategic Innovation, Strategic Leadership and Organizational Culture, Strategic Plans & Small Manufacturing Firms
Ethical Leadership and Performance of Parastatals in Kenya: A Case Study of Kenya Airports Authority
Authors:   The Management University of Africa, Kiilu John Musyoki , Awuor Prof. Emmanuel ,   The Management University of Africa
Published: February 2022

The study examined the effect of ethical leadership on the performance of Kenya Airports Authority. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the effect of integrity, transparency, accountability and authentic leadership on the performance of Kenya Airports Authority. The study was anchored on four theories, namely, agency theory, stewardship theory, institutional theory and behavioral theory on leadership. The study adopted the descriptive research design and the targeted population was 1900 employees in Kenya Airports Authority. The unit of analysis were senior level management, middle level management and the support staff. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis while quantitative data using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that integrity, transparency, accountability and authentic leadership explain 78.3% of the variations in the performance of Kenya Airports Authority. The regression results indicated that integrity is positively and significantly related to performance (β=.217, p=0.000). Further, the results showed that transparency is positively and significantly related to performance (β=.356, p=0.000). Moreover, accountability was found to be positively and significantly related to performance (β=.146, p=0.001). In addition, authentic leadership was found to be positively and significantly related to performance (β=.335, p=0.000). The study recommended that the Kenya Airports Authority need to enhance openness and fairness in the hiring of candidates/employees. The leaders in the organization should set a good example and be honest with others should act as per their words and accept their mistakes instead of hiding them or blaming their team. The management should disclose information in a relevant and timely manner without bias and there should be no withholding of pertinent information in the organization. There should be the credibility of reporting of the financial reports in the organization and the financial managers be held responsible for any irregularities in the financial statements. The leadership in the organization needs to be much transparent with other employees. The study further recommended that the organization develop avenues for the employees to build their capacity development. Keywords: Ethical leadership, integrity, transparency, accountability, authentic leadership, performance, Kenya Airports Authority
ANALISIS USAHA TANI BUDIDAYA TANAMAN JAGUNG DI DESA BOCOR, KECAMATAN BULUSPESANTREN KABUPATEN KEBUMEN
Authors: Riski Utomo  , Umi Barokah  , Aulia Rahmawati
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine (1) the amount of income and income of farmers in the cultivation of corn during one growing season, (2) the amount of R/C of corn business in one growing season. This is done because many farmers have not done farming analysis to find out the profit or loss of corn cultivation starting from the cost of cultivation support equipment, the cost of production facilities, and the cost of the required labor. Farmers in Bocor Village, Buluspeseantren Sub-district, Kebumen Regency, especially in upland areas are able to plant two planting seasons in one year. Moreover, in recent years the selling price of dry shelled corn has been able to penetrate the price of 5000/kg. This research was conducted by interview method directly to one corn farmer. This interview was conducted with the aim of obtaining real data about the costs needed by farmers to cultivate corn in one growing season. The results of this study indicate that the total cost for one planting season is Rp. 20,445,002, - for revenue of Rp. 39,150,000, - so that the income value is Rp. 18,704,978. The amount of R/C in corn farming once a planting season per hectare is 1.91, meaning that for every Rp. 1,- the costs incurred will receive an income of Rp. 1.91,- and an income of Rp. 0.91.-. The analysis of the corn cultivation business shows that the farming is profitable and feasible because the R/C > 1 is 1.91.
Keywords: Cultivation, Corn, Capital
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE MANAGEMENT OF THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY SYSTEM IN PHARMACY
Authors: Kozyrieva Olena , Posilkina Olga , Kovalenko Svitlana , Bratishko Yuliia , Litvinova Elena ,   National University of Pharmacy
Published: February 2022

Research is devoted to the development of theoretical, methodological and scientific-practical principles of management of socially responsible activities of domestic pharmaceutical companies as a key condition for improving the quality, efficiency and accessibility of pharmaceutical supply, which is especially relevant in a global pandemic, closing state borders and domestic pharmaceutical companies with foreign partners. In addition, the introduction of approaches and tools of socially responsible management in the activities of domestic pharmaceutical companies will increase their investment attractiveness and improve their business reputation, which will have a positive impact on increasing their competitiveness in both domestic and foreign pharmaceutical markets. In the conditions of development of globalization and integration processes, formation of network economy and knowledge society, rapid expansion and complication of interrelations of national economies and people, growth of their interdependence the problem of socially responsible functioning of business, including based on the introduction of international standards of social responsibility (JI). The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has also significantly changed attitudes toward company priorities around the world. The global pharmaceutical industry was one of the first to feel the effects of the closure of China's economy, which accounts for about 40% of world production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and other raw material suppliers. The closure of borders and the long-term quarantine regime have posed significant threats not only to the supply chain for pharmaceutical manufacturers, but have also seriously affected the efficiency of pharmacy as a whole. There was a decrease in sales of prescription drugs (drugs), which complicates the withdrawal of new drugs and stimulates changes in the distribution system. The research activities of pharmaceutical companies (FCs) in non-COVID-19 areas have slowed significantly due to the pandemic. Most clinical trials have had to be suspended due to quarantine restrictions, which are slowing the launch of new drugs. Thus, the pandemic disrupted the normal functioning of all components of domestic pharmacy and exacerbated the problem of access to the population of quality pharmaceutical care. The current situation in domestic and international pharmacy should be a major impetus for a complete rethinking of the philosophy of FC, which in these difficult times must finally realize its own great JI, and begin to build more transparent, open, innovative and socially caring. Only the actions of the FC, as socially responsible organizations, will create hope for the survival not only of individual companies, but also of domestic pharmacy as a whole, and, accordingly, to preserve the health of the population of Ukraine.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SYSTEM OF STIMULATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE PERSONNEL
Authors:   Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University of Cherkasy Cherkasy, Bilyk Victoriia , Kravchyk Yurii ,   Khmelnytskyi National University
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the directions and means of improving the system of incentives for the staff of agricultural enterprises. It is shown that approaches to personnel management of enterprises are constantly improving, employees need new forms of incentives for their work, business processes of agricultural enterprises are developing, which necessitates new methodological and practical aspects of further improvement of personnel incentive systems, in particular in agriculture business, which is currently developing in Ukraine at almost the highest rate. The article emphasizes the urgency of the issue of effective personnel management of agribusiness enterprises - a key element of resource provision of the enterprise. It is shown that the effectiveness of labor motivation in the system of using staffing of enterprises (and in a broader sense - the intellectual and human capital of business) has perhaps the greatest impact on the formation of prerequisites for effective functioning and sustainable development of agribusiness. The applied significance of the research results is that an algorithm of the method of determining the strength of economic and social incentives of the employee and the staff of the agricultural enterprise has been developed. The system of directions and measures for increasing the efficiency of the system of motivation of the personnel of the agrarian enterprise is substantiated. The methodical algorithm of carrying out entrance and current attestation of the personnel for an estimation of its professional, educational and qualification qualities and establishment of their conformity to job requirements is offered. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the further improvement of scientific-methodical and applied approaches to the development of tools and means to increase the motivation of employees of enterprises directly in the agricultural business.
IoT based Smart Traffic Signal: Time Stealer
Authors: Adeel Munawar
Published: February 2022

The increased numbers of private vehicles on the roads has added much to the traffic congestions and wait time at the intersections. To make cities smart and smart cities smarter by reducing this problem, the number of systems has been and is being developed, as it also causes the wastage of time, fuel and also increases air and noise pollution. In this paper, we present a system ‘Time Stealer’ which will check the density of the traffic on the sides of the road and will give green light time accordingly keeping in view that all sides get their turn. This system will reduce the wait time that vehicles do even when there is no traffic on the green side and will also avoid signal jumping which is very common in our country and also a cause of the number of accident.
Security and Countermeasures Wireless Communication Algorithm with Penetration Testing
Authors: Shahan Yamin Siddiqui
Published: February 2022

The communication algorithm security, in general, is a pending issue that has only recently become aware. In wireless communication algorithms, this need is more obvious, by its characteristics, and is part of the design of Wi-Fi communication algorithms. The biggest security problem of Wi-Fi communication algorithms is given by its spatial dispersion. It is not limited to an area, a cable or optical fiber, or has specific access points or connection, but it expands and is accessible from any point within its coverage. This makes it very vulnerable to wireless communication algorithms because of the physical security of this communication algorithm is difficult to secure.
Performance Analysis of Search Algorithms on Workstation system
Authors: Mubashir Ali
Published: February 2022

Searching is a common issue in computer science. It is defined as a process in which elements are to be found from a given list. Search algorithms used in daily life for finding values in array or list, data retrieving, finding passwords and combinations, etc.In the past, many search algorithms have been introduced and existing ones have been improved keeping a view of performance in terms of time and space complexity.Search algorithms are defined based on their framework. Well-known types of search algorithms are binary, linear, jump, and interpolation search.Binary search (interval, logarithmic search) is defined as a search algorithm, which finds the position of an element or target value within a sorted array;linearsearch (sequential search) is a search over the list of items in a sequential way (step-by-step process). Jump search focuses on fewer elements by jumping (skipping) to the next elements in fixed steps while Interpolation search is an improvement over binary search may go to different locations according to the value of the key being searched.In this paper, we have performed a comparative analysis of these search algorithms on the workstation system. Lenovo S-20 workstation with windows as an operating system is used forexperimentation and analysis. Finding out which search algorithm is best in an associated scenario with a comparison of a single-core processor to a workstation of a six-core processor.
Cognitive Modelling for User Interface Design in HCI: A Comparative Analysis on Cognitive Models
Authors: Sundas Munir
Published: February 2022

This research aims to elaborate the cognition in the field of human-computer interaction, also acknowledges the cognitive modeling and human behavior processes. Cognitive modeling is a field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) which is used to design more efficient human interactive systems. It is used to model the interactive system in such a way that analysts can determine methods that users will interact with the system and also be used to understand the different processes of cognitive human behaviors. Hierarchal task analysis is a task to goal-based model, in which analyst selects the actions and tasks to perform. GOMS is a cognitive knowledge of the human information processing model in HCI that describes the user's cognitive architecture based on four components. The linguistic and grammatical model is a syntactical model in which languages and syntax are designed for the user for system communication in an interactive system. Cognitive human behavior processes are also described to understand the mutual coordination of cognition processes and cognitivemodels in designing an interactive system. Problem-solving is a cognitive process of the human mind to search for a problem and explore the possible solutions for that problem. Decision making is also a cognitive process of human behaviour in which human chooses an action from other alternatives based on certain criteria.