bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
浅谈建筑机电安装工程管线综合排布
Authors: 杨 正航 , 原 旭 , 潘 从瑞 , 郎 现海
Published: July 2021

在社会快速发展的推动下，民众的生活水平也随之不断的提升，在这种发展形势下人们对于建筑工程提出了更高的要求。在科学技术快速发展的影响下，大量的新型科学技术和科技产品被人们研发出来，并且被运用到建筑工程项目之中，使得建筑工程项目内部管道线路系统的复杂性不断的提高，为了切实的保证建筑工程的使用效果，人们对建筑机电安装工程管线施工工作提出了更高的要求。怎样促使建筑工程中所有的分支系统和谐共存，确保机电系统能够稳定的运行，尽可能的提升建筑的空间利用效率，是当前建筑机电安装工程专业人士迫切需要解决的问题。鉴于此，这篇文章主要针对建筑机电安装工程管线综合布设进行深入细致的分析研究，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
某涡桨发动机试车台架的改进设计
Authors: 王 新平 , 张 浙波
Published: July 2021

发动机试车台架是用来安装和固定发动机的设备，是发动机试车的关键设备。改进设计某涡桨发动机试车台架，不仅满足被试发动机强度、刚度、热膨胀和动力特性要求，还满足发动机定位、安装、成附件更换便捷等一系列要求，大大提高了工作效率。此试车台架实际已用超过2年，达到了设计目的。
无人机航空摄影测量在地形图测绘中的应用探讨
Authors: 王 振永
Published: July 2021

在多方面利好因素的影响下，我国综合国力得到了显著的发展进步，从而为诸多领域的壮大发展带来了良好的机遇。在实施测绘工程建设工作的时候，地形图的测绘工作是其中较为重要的一个部分，一般情况下工作人员都会运用无人机航空摄影测量技术来获取需要的信息数据。无人机测量技术自身具有良好的优越性，不但能够对数据的准确性加以保证，并且在实践中操作相对较为方便，不仅可以完成大范围的航空摄影任务，而且时间成本相对较少，能够为测绘工程提供需要的准确的信息。就无人机航空摄影测量技术实际情况来说，其可以说是将诸多相关专业技术加以整合之后形成的一种新型科学技术，在推动地形图测绘领域的发展方面具有积极的辅助作用。
无人机测绘技术在建筑工程测量中的应用分析
Authors: 蒋 德洪
Published: July 2021

近年来，我国加大了城市建设工作的力度，为建筑工程行业的发展带来了诸多的机遇，促进了建筑工程项目整体规模的逐渐扩展。在实际组织实施工程施工建造工作的时候，应当积极的运用最为先进的科学技术和设备来实施测量工作，无人机测绘技术在工程测量中起到了重要的作用，可以说是工程测量的重大突破，其最为突出的特征就是灵活性、高效性、准确性，适合在各种环境下进行测量工作，能够有效的促进工程测量数据的准确性，为后续工程建设工作的效率和质量的提升都能够起到良好的辅助作用。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕无人机测绘技术在建筑工程测量中的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的发展有所帮助。
浅析电力工程审计的问题与解决途径
Authors: 王 兆乙
Published: July 2021

随着我国的社会经济的不断发展和进步，新的社会发展时期对电力工程行业的发展提出了更高的标准和要求。电力工程项目的建设数量和建造规模不断的增加，发电的总量也在日益扩大，就电力工程项目自身的实际情况和特点而言，其投资是非常大的，工程项目的施工建设周期也很长，这是其主要的特点。为了切实有效的增强和提高电力工程项目施工建设的效率和质量，在实际的工程项目建设中应更多地关注工程项目的审计工作，充分的发挥审计工作的针对性、约束性。但在工程项目的实际审计工作的实施中，电力工程项目的审计仍存在着不少问题。比如传统的电力工程项目的建设，多采用事后审计的方式。然而，由于我国市场经济的迅速发展，传统的审计理念和方法已经不能满足当前情况下的电力工程产业发展的需要，无法保证电力工程项目审计工作的质量和效率，因此，有必要对电力工程审计进行更深入的研究和更高水平的完善。
浅析建筑电气工程安装技术要点
Authors: 韩 新胜
Published: July 2021

近年来，我国加大了对外经济开放的力度，从而有效的促进了社会经济水平的提升，为我国建筑工程行业的发展带来了诸多的机遇。在建筑工程行业不断发展的形势下，电气安装材料的种类也在逐渐的增加，再加上家用电器、智能办公系统以及照明系统的出现，为建筑电气安装工程各项工作的实施造成了巨大的困难。所以，工作人员在组织实施各项安装工作的时候，最为重要的就是应当切实的引用国内外最先进的安装技术，充分在结合实际情况和需要的基础上，从不同的角度对建筑电气安装工程质量加以根本保障。
BIM技术在建筑工程建设管理当中的实践
Authors: 张 大洪
Published: July 2021

在多方面利好因素的影响下，我国综合国力得以快速的提升，从而为建筑工程行业的发展带来了良好的机遇。在科学技术快速发展的过程中，大量的新兴科技被研发出来，并且被运用到了建筑工程行业中取得了良好的效果。BIM技术是当前最为先进的一种科学技术，将其运用到建筑工程建设管理工作之中，能够有效的促进管理工作整体水平的提升，对于工程施工质量的保证也可以起到积极的辅助作用。这篇文章主要围绕BIM技术在建筑工程建设管理中的实践运用展开全面深入的研究分析，希望能够对我国建筑工程行业的未来良好发展有所帮助。
建筑工程材料检测试验及常见问题研究
Authors: 程 建
Published: July 2021

建筑工程的发展变得越来越迅速，伴随我国人民居住生活的品质的不断提升，大家对建筑工程的设计没有那么多的要求了，更加关注的是建筑质量。在建筑工程中最重要的有关工程质量的前提就是对建筑工程的材料进行检测和试验，因此，要想把建筑质量提高就要确保建筑材料的质量，提高材料检测水平。但是，目前工程中的检测工作还存在着很多的问题，比如检测工作比较难开展等。由于材料的种类比较广泛，质量参差不齐，一些商家为了获取更多的利益，在材料的选择上选择价格低的材料。基于此，文章进行了分析，仅供参考。
新旧小区配套公共服务设施中典型问题研究-以幼儿园等托幼设施配建举例
Authors: 孙 晓丽
Published: July 2021

通过分析现阶段我国新旧小区配套建设幼儿园等托幼设施中遇到的困难及问题，结合国家和地方提出的相关政策，对今后新旧小区配套公建设施提出若干建议。
建筑结构设计中控制裂缝的措施
Authors: 孙 冰
Published: July 2021

我国建筑行业在近些年备受国民的关注，建筑工程中裂缝等质量问题会严重威胁建筑结构的质量安全，进而影响居民的居住生活舒适性。为此，需要加强裂缝控制。由于现代建筑工程建设中需要应用到大量的混凝土材料，而混凝土材料在浇筑过程中容易受到环境、施工工艺等多方面因素的影响发生裂缝问题，为了减少这些问题的发生，工作人员要明确裂缝控制的重要性，加强造成裂缝的原因分析总结，并且采取有效的控制方法，降低裂缝出现的概率。
PENGARUH LAMA INOKULASI AMPAS SAGU (Metroxylon sagu) DENGAN Aspergillus niger TERHADAP KANDUNGAN ADF DAN NDF AMPAS SAGU
Authors: Ananda Suci
Published: July 2021

Pengaruh lama inokulasi ampas sagu dengan Aspergillus niger pada waktu yang berbeda terhadap kandungan ADF dan NDF dalam kaitannya untuk mencari alternatif  pakan ternak ruminansia yang murah dan berkualitas baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Ampas sagu yang difermentasi dengan Aspergillus niger mulai dari 0 jam sampai 144 jam. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) yang terdiri atas Tujuh perlakuan dan Tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama inokulasi ampas sagu dengan  Aspergillus niger berpengaruh nyata (P<0.01) baik itu pada penurunan kandungan ADF maupun NDF. Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa kandungan ADF tertinggi yaitu pada H0  (21,36%) dan terendah yaitu pada H6 (15,67%) sedangkan NDF tertinggi yaitu pada H0 (42,23%) dan terendah yaitu pada H6 (23,59%), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ampas sagu yang diinokulasi dengan Aspergillus niger selama 24-144 jam menghasilkan kandungan ADF dan NDF yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan ampas sagu yang diinokulasi pada 0 jam (kontrol). Inokulasi ampas sagu dengan Aspergillus niger selama 24 – 144 jam  menurunkan  kandungan ADF dan NDF ampas sagu, peningkatan lama inokulasi dari 0 sampai 144 jam memberikan respon linear, dimana kandungan ADF dan NDF terendah berdasarkan kurva respon terlihat pada lama inokulasi 144 jam.
Sensoris Sosis Ayam dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) dan Filler Berbeda
Authors: Dewi Aryanti Candra , Jamhari Jamhari , Setiyono Setiyono
Published: July 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak Rosella, pemberian filler tepung terigu dan mocaf, serta interaksi antara pemberian ekstrak Rosella dan pemberian filler tepung terigu dan mocaf terhadap sensoris sosis ayam. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan analisis variansi pola faktorial (3 konsentrasi ekstrak Rosella × 3 kombinasi filler) konsentrasi ekstrak Rosella 0, 4, 8 dan imbangan filler tepung terigu : tepung mocaf 100:0, 50:50, dan 0:100. Pengujian sensoris dilakukan oleh panelis. Kualitas sensoris dianalisis dengan analisis ragam ANOVA, dilanjutkan uji lanjut Duncan’s new Multiple Ranges Test (DMRT). Parameter yang diamati adalah kualitas sensoris berupa warna, rasa, aroma, tekstur, dan daya terima. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak Rosella sampai 8% mampu meningkatkan warna dan tekstur sosis ayam.Kata Kunci: Filler, Ekstrak Rosella, Sosis, SensorisThis study aims to determine the effect of adding Rosella extract, giving wheat flour and mocaf as filler, and the interaction between adding Rosella extract and giving wheat flour and mocaf as filler for chicken sausage sensory. The research design used factorial variance analysis (3 concentrations of Rosella extract × 3 filler combinations). Rosella extract concentration were 0, 4, and 8. The balance of wheat flour filler with mocaf flour were 100:0, 50:50, and 0:100. Sensory testing was carried out by panelists. Sensory quality was analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s new Multiple Ranges Test (DMRT). The parameters observed were sensory qualities in the form of color, taste, aroma, texture, and acceptance. The results showed that the addition of Rosella extract up to 8% was able to improve the color and texture of chicken sausage.Keywords: Filler, Rosella extract, Sausage, Sensory
Interaction of Manganese(II) with Proton Pump Inhibitor at Different pH: A Cyclic Voltammetric Study
Authors: Biswas R , Islam S , Rahman MS , Haque MA , Hasan M Abu , Bakshi PK , Shaikh AA
Published: July 2021

The electrochemistry of Mn2+ at different pH (3.5-4.5) in acetate buffer solution has been investigated, using cyclic voltammetric method at glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of Mn2+ show two cathodic and an anodic peaks over the entire investigated pH. The CVs of Mn2+ has also been performed in presence of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole, pantoprazole, esomeprazole and rabeprazole to elucidate the interaction of Mn2+ with the PPIs in acetate buffer solution. At the studied pH, a reasonably strong interaction was observed between Mn2+ and PPIs at different molar ratio of Mn2+ ion and PPIs. However, maximum interaction has been found at 1:2 molar ratio of Mn2+ and PPIs. This indicates the most suitable condition for the interaction between Mn2+ and PPIs. These results could allow insight into the interactions of metal ions with the PPIs.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 64(2): 115-120, 2016 (July)
Mortality Forecasting Using Lee Carter Model Implemented to French Mortality Data
Authors: Khan Md Hasinur Rahaman , Afrin Sadia , Masud Mohammad Shahed
Published: July 2021

For the reason of simplicity the Lee and Carter (LC) method is getting widely adopted for long-run forecasts of age specific mortality rates. In this paper the LC model is applied to French mortality data to demonstrate the mortality results. The age-specific death rates are used for the period 1816 to 2006. The index of the level of mortality, and the shape and sensitivity coefficients for each age are obtained through the LC method. The autoregressive moving average and the singular value decomposition models are used to forecast the general index for a long period of time that goes from 2007 to 2056. The projection is useful since the projected mortality rates can be used to project life expectancy at birth which is the widely used social indicator in demography.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 64(2): 99-104, 2016 (July)
Structural, Spectroscopic and Optical Properties of Monohydrated Adenine: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Alauddin M , Islam MM , Aziz MA
Published: July 2021

The structural, spectroscopic (IR, NMR and UV-Vis), electronic and optical properties of monohydrated adenine (monohydrated 6-aminopurine, C5H5N5.H2O) are investigated theoretically using DFT/B3LYP level of theory. Three minimum energy structures have been identified for monohydrated of adenine where H2O molecule is doubly hydrogen bonded with adenine.1H NMR analysis shows that the protons which are hydrogen bonded become deshielded and chemical shift moves to the higher frequency region.Five IR active mode of vibrations were found at 3108, 3295, 3665, 3676 and 3719 cm-1 which are assigned as bonded -OH vibration of H2O, Bonded -NH vibration of NH2, Free -NH vibration of adenine (9 N), Free -NH vibration of NH2, Free -OH vibration of H2O, respectively and agree well with the available experimental results. The investigation of electronic properties shows that the HOMO-LUMO band gap energy of monohydrated adenine at B3LYP level is 5.15 eV. The major electronic transition (from HOMO to LUMO (83%) (π→π*)) occurs at 258 nm (4.80 eV) with a minor transition at 237 nm (5.23 eV). Theoretically it is observed that the HOMO-LUMO band gap energy is for monohydrated adenine is lower than that of adenine.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 64(2): 157-161, 2016 (July)
Treatment of Wastewater Containing Brilliant Orange H2R and Brilliant Red M5B by Electrocoagulation
Authors: Akter Hasina , Simol Hasina Akhter , Salahuddin Shaila
Published: July 2021

Treatment of dyeing wastewater containing reactive Brilliant Orange H2R and Brilliant Red M5B dyes were investigated by using electrocoagulation process. The experimental results were analysed in terms of percent removal of dye with time. Electrocoagulation of dye containing wastewater was carried out in a two-electrode monopolar electrocoagulation cell using iron as sacrificial anode and 0.01 M NaCl as internal electrolyte in which the electrolyte concentration was maintained constant during the experiment. In electrocoagulation the effects of concentration of dye and applied current strength on dye removal efficiency were tested and found that both have significant effects on the electrocoagulation of dye from wastewater.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 64(2): 153-156, 2016 (July)
A Modified Filtering Technique for Efficient Extreme Points and Application of MOLP in Agriculture Sector in Bangladesh
Authors: Molla Md Hasib Uddin , Islam Md Ainul
Published: July 2021

Multi-objective simplex algorithm computes all efficient extreme points of a multi-objective linear programming (MOLP) problem. For MOLP problem with large number of efficient extreme points, a filtering technique is necessary to present a small representative part of efficient extreme points. For this, we propose a filtering technique among efficient extreme points. In modern agriculture, we have to consider series of conflicting optimization criteria. For this reason, optimal cropping pattern, that is, allocation of land to various crops by making use of limited resources has become major challenges to get optimum return. To overcome this challenge, we illustrate the application of MOLP through a real life oriented problem of agricultural sector of Bangladesh. We also solve this problem by a self developed computer software which is based on multi-objective simplex algorithm and our proposed filtering technique.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 64(2): 147-152, 2016 (July)
Computer Oriented Interior Point Algorithm for Solving Linear Programming Problem with Application
Authors: Simi Farhana Ahmed , Islam Md Ainul
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study the interior point algorithm for solving linear programming (LP) problem developed by Narendra Karmarkar. As interior point algorithm for LP problem involves tremendous calculations, it is quite impossible to do so by hand calculation. To fulfill the requirement we develop computer code in MATLAB for LP which is based on this algorithm procedure. To illustrate the purpose, we formulate a real life sizeable large-scale linear program for diet problem and solve it using our computer code for interior point algorithm in MATLAB.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(1): 41-47, 2017 (January)
Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Fredholm Integral Equations by Using NKM and ADM
Authors: Hasan MM , Matin MA
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we present a numerical method to solve a non-linear Fredholm integral equations. We intend to approximate the solution of this equation by Newton-Kantorovich-quadrature method and Adomian Decomposition method compare both the methods accurately for solving the non-linear Fredholm integral equation.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(1): 61-66, 2017 (January)
Residual DDTs and Fatty Acid Compositions in Popular Two Sea Fish Samples
Authors: Mohammad Shoeb - , Mamun Muhammad Shamim Al , Noor Radwan Ebna , Mahmud Md Nashir Uddin Al , Mamun MIR , Nahar Nilufar
Published: July 2021

Fatty acid compositions, DDT and its metabolites of popular two sea fishes i.e., Pampus argenteus (Pomfret) and Lates calcarifer (Vernacular) were determined. Lipid was extracted by ethylacetate, saponified and converted to methyl ester using BF3-MeOH to determine fatty acid compositions by GC-FID.For DDTs,edible parts of the fish samples were extracted by solid phase dispersion method, cleaned up with concentrated H2SO4 and finally analyzed by GC-ECD. The LOD and LOQ for DDE, DDD, 2, 4´-DDT and 4, 4´-DDT were found to be 0.39, 0.39, 1.56, 1.56 and 1.36, 1.36, 4.89 and 4.89 μg/kg respectively. Internal Standard CB53 (0.25mg/g) was used to determine the recovery of the experiment and was within range of 77.48-92.35 %. The residual amount of DDT (2, 4´-DDT+4, 4´-DDT), DDE and DDD in pomfret and vernacular were found to be in the range of 13.56-81.05, 3.86-21.08, 4.32-35.4, and 23.44-85.59, 2.90-5.81 and 6.33-12.44 μg/kg respectively. The ratios of DDT/ΣDDTs in pomfret and vernacular were 0.675 and 0.773 respectively. Among the saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid was predominant (62.84% for pomfret and 41.81% for vernacular) whereas among the unsaturated fatty acids oleic acid was predominate and higher in pomfret (15.11 %).

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(1): 77-80, 2017 (January)
Effect of pH on the Electrochemical Redox Behavior of Co2+ in Acetate Buffer Solution
Authors: Kabir Ahsanul , Yeasmin Humaira , Hasan Md Abu , Rahman MS , Hoque MA , Bakshi Pradip K , Shaikh AA
Published: July 2021

The electrochemical redox behavior of transition metal ion Co2+ at different pH in acetate buffer solution has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode (GCE). In cyclic voltammograms (CVs), Co2+ shows a pair of cathodic and a pair of anodic peak. The peak potential separation and peak current ratio reveals that the redox process of the redox couples, Co2+/Co+ and Co+/Co followed a quasi-reversible behavior and are two step one-electron transfer processes. The electrochemical processes are diffusion controlled. The nature of CV of Co2+ has greatly influenced by the potential scan rate and solution pH. With increasing scan rate both cathodic peaks shifted towards negative potential and first cathodic peak was eventually diminished. In the reverse direction, unexpected behavior such as distinguishable second anodic peak, identical heights of two anodic peaks, three humps like peaks and finally domination of second anodic peak were noticed. However, in lower pH all the above mentioned behavior appeared with higher scan rate. While at higher pH of the solution the peculiar behavior was found at lower scan rate. Nevertheless, at pH 6.5, it demonstrated intense cathodic peaks and a very large anodic peak at all scan rates.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 107-112, 2017 (July)
An Assessment on Application of Indigenous Knowledge as Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies in Kutubdia, Cox’s Bazaar, Bangladesh
Authors: Nowreen Samshad , Md Mohiuddin -
Published: July 2021

This research investigates how indigenous knowledge helps to reduce disaster risks in the coastal areas of Bangladesh, specifically in the study area of Kutubdia, Cox’s Bazaar. The location of the coastal area of Bangladesh is funnel shaped which is regarded as one of the most vulnerable cyclone-prone regions in the world because of its location and physiography. Almost every year coastal people experiences this nature induced devastation and loses their lives and property. However, to cope with this type of natural calamity and minimize their loss, coastal people apply their inherited practical knowledge that has been aimed to explore by this research. To conduct this research three types of survey methods has been used: primary data were collected using Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools, Focus Group Discussion(FGD) and semi-structured questionnaire survey. First of all, the study explored interesting house construction practices, techniques and protection maneuvers those reflect the ideas of indigenous knowledge of coastal people as primitive adaptation strategies to the cyclone disaster. It has also been found that the other indigenous practices like early cyclone warning system from nature including animal behavior and weather condition. The dynamics of cyclone: classification, occurrence and affected scenario in the coastal region have been identified for the Cox’s Bazaar region.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 125-131, 2017 (July)
Comparison of Forecasting Techniques for Short-term and Long-term Real Life Problems
Authors: Barman Nandita , Hasan M Babul
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we analyze the most appropriate short-term and long term forecasting methods for our practical life where several methods of time series forecasting are available such as the Moving Averages method, Linear Regression with Time, Exponential Smoothing, Holt‘s Method, Holt-Winter‘s Method etc. This paper mainly concentrates on the Holt- Winters Exponential Smoothing technique as applied to time series that exhibit seasonality. The accuracy of the out-of-sample forecast is measured using MSE, MAPE, MAD. We will observe that the empirical results from the study indicate that the Holt-Winter‘s Multiplicative Forecasting Method processes as the most appropriate forecasting method for the sets of real life data that will be analyzed.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 139-144, 2017 (July)
Evaluation of Diclofenac by UV-Vis Spectrophotometer in Some Locally Produced Tablets
Authors: Hasan MK , Hossain MA , Sultana A , Shoeb M , Nahar N
Published: July 2021

Diclofenac is a common and randomly used pharmaceutical product, was evaluated for its active ingredient by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 282 nm. Diclofenac sodium of 50 mg dose of seven different companies of Bangladesh was extracted from the tablets, cleaned up and the active ingredient was evaluated. Evaluation was carried out with respect to calibration curve of standard diclofenac sodium. Amount of diclofenac in 50 mg tablets of seven different companies were found to be in the range of 47.91 ± 0.90 to 58.52 ± 0.41 mg. Recovery experiments were done by spiking excipient of the medicine at two different concentration levels with 5-7 replicate studies. Correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.9974 and the recovery was103.39 ± 3.93 to 107.96 ± 3.56 % for the drug.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 163-165, 2017 (July)
Application of Linear Programming in Scheduling Problem
Authors: Hasan Md Mohedul , Arefin Md Rajib
Published: July 2021

Scheduling problem is a great concern for several institutions. Larger organizations have to maintain proper scheduling of their employees to ensure good service. This type of problems can be solved using linear programming (LP) as a useful tool. In this paper, we study the application LP to the scheduling problem. We mainly present four different scheduling problems and formulate them using LP. Finally, we solve them using MATHEMATICA v9 software.

Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 65(2): 145-150, 2017 (July)
BELAJAR DAN PEMBELAJARAN PERSPEKTIF TEORI KOGNITIVISME
Authors: Widyati Wiwik
Published: July 2021

Teori Perkembangan Kognitif, dikembangkan oleh Jean Piaget, seorang psikolog Swiss yang hidup tahun 1896-1980. Teorinya memberikan banyak konsep utama dalam lapangan psikologi perkembangan dan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan konsep kecerdasan, yang bagi Piaget, berarti kemampuan untuk secara lebih tepat merepresentasikan dunia dan melakukan operasi logis dalam representasi konsep yang berdasar pada kenyataan. Teori ini membahas munculnya dan diperolehnya schemata skema tentang bagaimana seseorang mempersepsi lingkungannya dalam tahapan-tahapan perkembangan, saat seseorang memperoleh cara baru dalam merepresentasikan informasi secara mental. Teori ini digolongkan ke dalam konstruktivisme, yang berarti, tidak seperti teori nativisme (yang menggambarkan perkembangan kognitif sebagai pemunculan pengetahuan dan kemampuan bawaan), teori ini berpendapat bahwa kita membangun kemampuan kognitif kita melalui tindakan yang termotivasi dengan sendirinya terhadap lingkungan.

Kata Kunci: belajar, pembelajaran, kognitivisme.
Pemahaman Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Terhadap Pentingnya Penggunaan Tabir Surya
Authors: Camelia Shafa Tasya , Zahro Risa Dhotus , Meithasari Yessi , Tauhidah Dian
Published: July 2021

Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight can cause various health problems. Sunscreen can prevent the entry of direct sunlight into the skin, but there are still many people who are unfamiliar about the importance of using sunscreen. This research was conducted to determine student understanding of the importance of using sunscreen. This research was a survey research conducted at Biology Education UIN Walisongo Semarang from various forces. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The results showed that students already understood the importance of sunscreen, but they preferred to wear closed clothing rather than using sunscreen.

Keywords: Sun Screen, Undergraduate Students, Survey
Keanekaragaman Serangga Polinator Pada Tanaman Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) Di Desa Bincau
Authors: Trianto Manap , Kaini Kaini , Saliyem Saliyem , Warsih Eko , Winarsih Winarsih
Published: July 2021

Pollinator insects is an animal that moves pollen from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma of a flower. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of insects pollinators in the pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) plantation of Bincau Village, Martapura District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan. Sampling was done by purposive sampling using a yellow sticky trap. The customer observations are made in visual control. Observation starts at 07.00-18.00 WITA which is divided into 3 time periods, namely: 07.00-10.00 WITA, 11.00-14.00 WITA and 15.00-18.00 WITA. The data obtained were analyzed using the diversity index Shannon-Wiener (H'). The results showed that the total individual of pollinator insects in pineapple plantations was 517 individuals, consisting of 4 order and 8 family. The highest abundance of insects is dominated by the Formicidae Family, while the lowest abundance is the Syrpidae Family. Value insect pollinator diversity found among the sites that H' = 1.760 which indicates that the level of diversity of insect pollinators on plantations Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) in the Bincau Village, Martapura District, Banjar Region, South Kalimantan in the medium category.

Keywords: Diversity, Pollinator Insects, Pineapple, Bincau District
Live-In Dalam Mengembangkan Pendidikan Lingkungan Di Desa Bara Kecamatan Air Buaya Kabupaten Buru-Maluku
Authors: Sopamena Nurlaila , Renggiwur Janaba , Nukuhaly Nur Apriyani
Published: July 2021

Based on the analysis of the community situation in Bara Village, the basic problems faced by the community are the low human resources and the lack of community knowledge and skills regarding environmental education and land management. The community only relies on longevity plants such as coconut and cocoa. Coconut plants are carried out every two to three times a year, while harvesting of cocoa is done every year after five years of planting. Based on the results of the activities carried out by the community in Bara village, Air Buaya, Buru district, Maluku province, it can be concluded that these activities are very useful for the local community to prepare them to become environmentally aware and work because they have adequate knowledge and skills and the results can be used as sources additional income for the community itself to meet family needs.

Keywords: Devotion, Love the Environment, Fulfillment of Needs
Pemanfaatan Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) Dalam Proses Pembuatan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)
Authors: Mangesa Rosita , Irsan Irsan
Published: July 2021

The clove leaves are part of the clove plant which rarely used, and if you look at them, the clove leaves have active compounds that can be functioned as antibacterials. Meanwhile, Virgin Coconut Oil or called VCO, is processed from coconut milk as the essential ingredient, and if it is not processed correctly, VCO will usually have a short shelf life or can be damaged quickly. This study aims to determine the quality of VCO by adding clove leaves in its processing. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the quality of VCO with the addition of clove leaves for the indicator of water content and the free fatty acid number is not following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). In contrast, the indicator for the VCO peroxide number with a mixture of clove leaves has good quality according to the SNI standard. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the quality of VCO with the addition of 100 grams of clove leaves for indicators of water content and fatty acid numbers, namely 2.9% and 0.69%, is high or above the SNI standard limit. In comparison, the quality of VCO with the addition of 100 grams of clove leaves with indicators a peroxide value of 0.7 mg ek/ kg or less than 2 mg ek/kg has good quality based on Indonesian National Standard.

Keywords: Quality, VCO
Pengaruh Model CTL Berbantuan Buklet Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Shinta , Murtono Murtono , Rahayu Ratri
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to analyze the effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by booklets on the students’ creative thinking ability at grade IV elementary school. The choice of booklet media CTL model was considered appropriate for SDA and poetry materials on the theme of Cita-Citaku. Students could relate the materials to their life environment through CTL model and booklet media; this can be done in groups or individually. This study was quantitative experimental research with nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. The samples in this study were fourth grade students of SDN 1 Bulungcangkring as the experimental class and fourth grade students of SDN 3 Bulungcangkring as the control class. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that (1) the thinking ability of students taught with CTL model assisted by booklet was better than those taught by the lecture model; (2) the average creative thinking ability of students taught with the CTL learning model was more than 70 (KKM). It could be concluded that there was an effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning model assisted by booklets on the students’ creative thinking abilities at grade IV elementary school.
PENGARUH METODE PEMBELAJARAN VALUE CLARIFICATION TECHNIQUE (VCT) TERHADAP SIKAP DISIPLIN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PPKn KELAS IV SD NEGERI KALIASIN III
Authors: Awaliah Putri , Damanhuri Damanhuri , Nurahman Ikman
Published: July 2021

This research aimed to determine the influence of Value Clarification Technique (VCT) on the students’ discipline in learning civic at grade IV. The method of this research was Quasi Experiment conducted at grade IV. This research used two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. Class IV A, as the experimental class, consisted of 30 students and Class IV B, as the control class, also consisted of 30 students. Based on the research conducted, it was revealed that there was a significant influence of implementation of of Value Clarification Technique (VCT) on the students’ discipline in civic subject. The results of the discipline questionnaire for VCT model obtained a score of 84.63. Whereas, the results of the discipline questionnaire for the lecture method was 65.23. Moreover, based on the results of t test in which 0.000 <0.05, it was concluded that there was an effect of Value Clarification Technique (VCT) method on the students’ discipline and the use of Value Clarification Technique (VCT) method was better than the lecture method.
STUDI PELAKSANAAN KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN PAIKEM PADA SISWA KELAS II DI SDN SEROJA
Authors: Kanza Mutia , M. Hosnan M. Hosnan , Suparno Suparno
Published: July 2021

This research was motivated by learning activities whose implementation still used the lecture method. Many teachers were less creative in managing learning so that learning seems monotonous and only teacher-centered. In addition, students seemed to be passive during learning activities. Based on these problems, the objectives of this research were the plan, process, and result of PAIKEM learning at grade II  SDN Seroja. The method in this research was qualitative research with a descriptive approach carried out at SDN Seroja. Data were collected through interview, observation, and documentation. The subjects of this research were chosen through purposive sampling, which were grade II students at SDN Seroja. Then, the data were analyzed through qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this research revealed that the implementation of PAIKEM learning activities was good enough, capable, and gave good impacts.
Peran Guru Dalam Menanamkan Karakter Disiplin Pada Siswa Kelas IV Melalui Kegiatan Pembelajaran Di SDN Karawaci Baru 6
Authors: Elviana Rita Novia , Hosnan Hosnan , Suparno Suparno
Published: July 2021

Discipline is one of the keys to success. Discipline is not only owned by students;but all jobs also must own discipline to show that the values of obedience and order are in accordance with the applicable norms and rules. Teachers also play an importand role to overcome the lack of discipline among students since students spend a lot of time at school with teachers, especially class teachers. This study aimed to determine how teachers embedded discipline to grade IV students through learning activities. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The resukts of this study indicated that teachers of SDN Karawaci Baru 6 were able to embed the discipline character to grade IV students and knew how to achieve subject characteristics through learning activities.
DEVELOPING WOPIPOPU (WORDLESS PICTURE POP-UP) BOOK MEDIA ON SCIENTIFIC LEARNING AT GRADE 4 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Oktavia Syopiani , Syachruroji Syachruroji , Hendracipta Nana
Published: July 2021

This research aimed to develop scientific-based Wopipopu Book media as a means of visual learning style for students at grade IV elementary school and to know the feasibility of the Wopipopu Book  media. This research was conducted at SD Negeri Kebon Jahe, Kecamatan Serang, Serang, involving 23 students at grade IV in a limited trial. This research and development used a model modified by Sugiyono. This model consists of 6 stages namely problem analysis, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, and product trial. The instruments of this research were questionnaires for media validation by lecturers and questionnaire for students. Based on the result of data analysis, it was concluded that the quality of Wopipopu Book learning media was categorized as very feasible with a percentage of 92.8% from 2 material experts, feasible with a percentage of 75.8% from 2 linguists, and 91.5% from 2 media experts. Furthermore, the percentage of students’ response to Wopipopu Book in the trial was 84.64% with excellent category.
Modified ion exchange jackfruit seeds resin for removal of selected trace heavy metal ions from aqueous solution
Authors: Ndung’u S N , Nthiga E W , Wanjau R N
Published: July 2021

Water is essential for every life processes. However, its quality is deteriorating every day due to the recent industrial advancements. Anthropogenic processes such as industrialization, mining and agricultural activities have led to alarming discharge of heavy metal ions to the aquatic bodies. This possess a greater threat to human, animal and the entire ecosystem wellbeing. Accumulation of heavy metal ions in drinking water beyond permissible limits is detrimental to human health. Therefore, their removal is paramount. Conventional remediation techniques have been employed but have remained expensive and not universally appropriate. This has therefore spurred research interests in the use of adsorption techniques from locally available materials as an environmentally sustainable alternative. Jackfruit seeds are discarded as wastes of a Jackfruit and can be utilized as an ion exchange resin in heavy metal ions removal from wastewater. The present study involved application of previously prepared raw and modified Jackfruit seed resins to study thermodynamics of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions adsorption from synthetic water. FTIR results showed presence of functional groups in raw and modified resins as important sites for studying thermodynamics of adsorption of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions. Thermodynamic data showed that standard Gibb’s free energy () values for all metals were negative indicating that adsorption process was feasible and favourable. Standard enthalpy change (), standard entropy () and activation energy () were positive (> 40 kJ mol-1) and in the order lead (II) > copper (II) > cadmium (II). This confirmed adsorption of copper (II), lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions onto both raw and modified resins was predominated by chemical interactions between the metal ions and the resin active sites. This was confirmed by very low values of sticking probability (S*). The findings indicated that ion exchange Jackfruit seeds resin is promising for heavy metal ions removal from wastewater in an optimized temperature controlled system.
Evolution of the Concept of «Disciplinary Misconduct» in the Context of Digitalization of the Economy
Authors: Zabramnaya E. Yu.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the impact of the process of digitalization of the economy on the legal regulation of disciplinary liability of employees in the context of the development of the concept of «disciplinary misconduct» as the actual basis for applying this type of legal liability.
Employment Regulation With Multilateral Labor Relations in the European Union
Authors: Lapshin K. V.
Published: July 2021

Employment with multilateral labor relations. It is noted that in the absence of an official classification of types of this form of employment, there are various names for them. Based on a brief description of some types of non-standard employment, proposals for further development of legislation in the field of labor are made. The article considers the features of regulation under the legislation of the European Union and the ILO of one of the forms of non-standard employment.
Analytical overview of changes in labour legislation
Authors: Kalinin I.B.
Published: July 2021

We present to readers an overview of changes in labor legislation for the first quarter of 2021.
Analysis of legislation in the field maternity capital in individual subjects of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kovalenko Evgeny , Kovalenko Natalia
Published: July 2021

The article presents an analysis of the legislation of individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of maternity (family) capital. Differences are made in terms of determining the size and directions of implementation of funds of regional maternity capital.
On the feasibility and possibility of labor relations in the framework of commercial representation
Authors: Maksurov A.A.
Published: July 2021

Today, a fairly common type of work is the so-called commercial or trade representative office. The labor functions of employees — commercial representatives usually include the search for potential customers, presentation of goods, direct sales of goods, etc. In some ways, such activities resemble the work of salesmen and specialists in the field of marketing. However, the question arises as to whether this kind of work can be referred to as commercial representation in principle?
To the question of remuneration for creative workers
Authors: Russkikh T.V.
Published: July 2021

The salary received by an employee under an employment contract is, as a rule, his only source of livelihood. Within the framework of this article, some problems of remuneration of creative workers are considered during the period when they do not participate in the creation and (or) performance (exhibit) of works or do not act. The article concludes that abuse by employers of the freedom granted to them by Part 5 of Article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation leads to a significant deterioration in the position of creative workers in comparison with workers in other professions. At the same time, the norms of differentiation should not be interpreted arbitrarily in violation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the fundamental norms of labor law, be discriminatory. It is concluded that the freedom of the employer as a party to the employment contract, even within the framework of the institution of remuneration, should be limited within certain limits. The ways of improving the current labor legislation are proposed.
Old-age insurance pension: employee retirement culture
Authors: Averyanova M.I.
Published: July 2021

The formation of pension rights to an old-age insurance pension is carried out during the entire working life of the employee (and this is usually three to four decades). The main factors that are important for the appointment of an old-age insurance pension, as well as for calculating its size, are still the length of service (for early retirement — professional) and the amount of earnings of the employee. In light of the fact that over the past decade, the rules of the pension legislation repeatedly substantially changed and when making the employees old-age pension (especially early), as evidenced by law enforcement practice, identified the problem of proving the employee's pension rights, the conclusion about the need to improve the pension culture of the employee is formulated.
ANALISIS STRUKTUR DESAIN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PADA PRODUK CD INTERAKTIF LAB FISIKA TATA SURYA
Authors: Cahyadi Arif Tri
Published: July 2021

Multimedia bisa mengkolaborasikan antara elemen teks, suara, foto, animasi, dan video melalui perangkat komputer yang dimanipulasi secara digital dengan menyampaikan informasi, serta dikontrol secara interaktif. Multimedia interaktif dalam pembelajaran ini dapat menjadi pemecah masalah pembelajaran di era digital untuk memicu kecerdasan dalam berfikir siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini merupakan uji teori elemen multimedia interaktif yang digunakan dalam CD Interaktif Lab Fisika Tata Surya sebagai suplemen pembelajaran elektronik. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif mengenai hasil kajian struktur desain multimedia interaktif pada CD Interaktif Lab Fisika Tata Surya. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan gambaran struktur desain multimedia interaktif yang dapat dijadikan acuan dan referensi bagi guru dan pengembang multimedia interaktif.

Kata Kunci: Digital, e-learning, interaktif, multimedia, pembelajaran
SARS-CoV-2: Importancia de la vigilancia genómica de variantes.
Authors: Valenzuela Bravo María Teresa
Published: July 2021

La pandemia generada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 no nos deja de sorprender, hoy somos observadores de la aparición de nuevos linajes del virus los que están afectando a la población. En el proceso de evolución de los virus, la aparición de mutaciones es un evento natural y esperado pues el virus requiere replicarse para sobrevivir. Las mutaciones son cambios en el código genético del virus que en forma natural ocurren con el tiempo cuando personas o animales están infectados. Una nueva variante de SARS-CoV-2 puede tener una o más mutaciones que la diferencian de la variante predominante que se encuentra circulando en la población general. Estas variaciones genéticas son importantes pues pueden incidir en la estructura de las proteínas superficiales del virus, modificando así las características; éstas a su vez pueden incidir en la capacidad de transmisión de los virus, la susceptibilidad a los tratamientos y escape a la acción de las vacunas, una mayor virulencia o cambios en la patogenicidad.De acuerdo a estas características, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) las ha ido clasificando como variantes de preocupación y variantes de interés. Las primeras, justamente son las que producen cambios en la infección como los antes señalados. (...)
Postmodernizmin Sınırları ve Postmodernist Bir Tema Olarak Komplo Teorileri
Authors: ÖZALTIOK Bülent Aytok
Published: July 2021

Postmodernizm; sınırları, kapsamı net bir şekilde belli olmayan, bununla birlikte sanat eserlerine nasıl ve ne şekilde yansıdığı konusunda da çeşitli fikir ayrılıkları bulunan, kimilerine göre bir üslup kimilerine göre ise bir ideoloji olan akımdır. Sözlüklerdeki tanımına göre üslup; Habermas, Jameson gibi yazarlara göre ideoloji, Baudrillard, Lyotard gibi yazarlara göre ise medya ve teknolojinin yeni bilgi ve yaşam biçimlerini doğurduğu bir dönemin adı olan Postmodernizmin sanat eserlerine nasıl yansıdığı da üzerine tartışma olan bir konudur. Bu yüzden, bu bildiride öncelikle postmodernizme farklı cephelerden bakan araştırmacıların postmodernizm anlayışları birincil kaynaklar üzerinden anlatılacak ve postmodernizmin genel anlamda sanata yansımaları örnekler üzerinden ortaya koyulacaktır. Sonrasında ise postmodernizmin edebiyata yansımasına değinilecektir. Bunu yaparken, postmodern edebiyat kuramına dair daha önce yapılan araştırmalar, tartışmalar değerlendirilecektir. Bu değerlendirmelerin ardından, herhangi bir edebi eseri postmodernist eleştiriye tabi tutarken hangi tekniklerin, yöntemlerin kullanılması gerektiğine dikkat çekilecektir. Bununla birlikte postmodernizmin kullandığı tekniklerin tanımları, neleri kapsadığı ve neden postmodernist bir eseri incelemede kullanılması gerektiği de açıklanacaktır. Bunlara ek olarak ve bu tartışmaların nihayetinde, gelişen medya çağında bir postmodern toplum kurmaya çalıştığı gerçeği hesaba katılarak postmodernizmin bir ideoloji olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği iddia edilecektir. Ayrıca postmodern edebiyat araştırmalarında incelenen eserin içeriğine dair bir değerlendirme yapılmadığı ve bu yüzden postmodern tema olarak değerlendirilebilecek bir temanın da olmadığı gösterilecektir. Komplo Teorilerinin postmodern edebiyat için bir tema olduğu örnekler üzerinden açıklanmaya çalışılacak ardından da komplo teorilerinin neden postmodernist tema olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği gösterilecektir. Postmodernizmin bu ideolojik yapısından ötürü, postmodern edebiyat kuramının buna göre şekillenmesini beklemek gerektiği doğal sonucuna da ulaşılacaktır. Bu yüzden çoklu anlatım tekniğine başvuran ve biçimsel oyunlarla ilerleyen her edebi eserin postmodernist olarak değerlendirilmemesi gerektiği makalenin sonunda açığa çıkarılacaktır.
Mercado de trabalho formal para os gêneros no Setor de extrativismo mineral: observações nas Grandes Regiões do País / Formal labor market for genres in the industry mineral extraction: observations in the major regions of the country
Authors: Ferreira Rúbia Silene Alegre , Ferst Marklea da Cunha , Harb Antonio Geraldo
Published: July 2021

A entrada do Brasil na história possui relação estreita com o extrativismo. Das diversas formas desta atividade, a mineração, embora seja uma ação que cause impactos pesados ao meio natural, desde o começo, tem tido participação significativa na economia. Neste cenário permeado por homens, motivados pela obtenção da renda, a presença da mulher, apesar de ser mínima, não consistia no desenvolvimento do trabalho em si. A história se modifica, os tempos são outros com inovações na forma de exploração e com a presença feminina cada vez maior. Desta forma, o objetivo deste artigo é de analisar as ocupações formais por gênero no setor de extrativismo mineral no Brasil, com enfoque nas Grandes Regiões. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de banco de dados proveniente do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (CAGED/RAIS) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Os dados foram analisados de forma quantitativa, uma vez que a intenção é a de demonstrar os diferenciais regionais por gênero no setor. A pesquisa aponta que nas cinco macrorregiões observadas, há uma liderança estabelecida pela região Sudeste nos 19 anos delimitados. Segunda e terceira posição quem as ocupa são as regiões Nordeste e Sul, respectivamente, com volumes muito próximos. A quarta posição pertence ao Centro-Oeste e a quinta, ao Norte. Destaca-se neste cenário um crescimento das ocupações dos postos de trabalho formal pelo sexo feminino. Embora com volume sempre abaixo do volume masculino, o crescimento é persistente em todo o período observado. A remuneração média no setor do extrativismo apresentou resultados significativos também. Em 1995, por exemplo, as remunerações entre 1 a 5 salários mínimos eram maioria, sobretudo, nas regiões Centro-Oeste, Nordeste e Sul. Em 2014, verifica-se elevação de postos de trabalho com remunerações acima de 5 salários mínimos nas cinco macrorregiões. Este crescimento demonstra que o setor de extrativismo mineral tem tido relevante participação no cenário econômico do país, sem desprezar as competências essenciais inerentes às pessoas, como resultado da busca pelo aperfeiçoamento, bem como das inovações trazidas pelas questões ambientais.
Mapeamento da Voçoroca Contorno em Anápolis–GO por Meio de Geotecnologias / Mapping of the Contour Voçoroca in Anápolis-GO through Geotechnologies
Authors: De Moura Rafael Veloso , Santos Antônio Lazáro Ferreira , Alves Junior Leomar Rufino
Published: July 2021

A erosão pode atingir todos os tipos de terrenos, terrosos ou rochosos, tanto em meio rural quanto urbano. Cronologicamente a erosão superficial desenvolve-se para sulcos, ravinas e voçorocas, ocorrendo neste último estágio o afloramento de água do lençol freático.. Foi escolhida para ser mapeada a Voçoroca Contorno, localizada na porção sudoeste da cidade de Anápolis, situada no estado de Goiás. Há no mercado diversos métodos que utilizam geotecnologias aplicados em áreas de erosões, neste trabalho empregou-se o Drone como ferramenta para a realizaçao dos aerolevantametos e utilizou-se o software Photoscan® para o processamento digital das aerofotografias, produzindo como resultados o MDS (Modelo Digital de Superfície), o MDT (Modelo Digital do Terreno), o ortomosaico e as curvas de níveis do terreno.