bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why society is a complex problem? A review of Philip Ball’s book – Meeting Twenty-first Century Challenges with a New Kind of Science
Authors: Tampu Diana , Costea Carmen
Published: August 2017

The 21st century is burdened by a series of dramatic changes and efforts are carried out to find potential solutions to consumerism, access to information, transient climate disequilibria, health care and demographic transformations. A new page in human history will bear witness to the introduction of new ways of thinking, new changes, new relationships and interconnections that transcend states and societies. The moment is ripe for individuals aware of the implications carried by global changes and challenges, to step up and encourage responsibility and sustainable development. Mankind is currently living in a data-rich world, where information is widely dispersed. Nevertheless, extracting the right assumptions and conclusions from the available data proves difficult as numerous social phenomena do not run with clockwork precision as the laws governing the Newtonian universe.Human awareness and intelligence demand a more responsible approach to all operations and steps should be made in determining the consequences and their impact. The goal of this paper is not restricted to providing a review but also to enforce certain ideas in relation to the complex interactions specific to society and economic activities.
Foreword
Authors: Sarmento Elsa de Morais
Published: August 2017

The entry into a non-expansionary phase of the economic cycle, caused by the financial and economic crisis raised serious budgetary constraints to most countries since 2009, and reopened a debate that reconsiders the institutions and rules governing the functioning of markets. However, even in times ofcrisis, it is fundamental not to neglect the growth potential of policies that promote green and sustainable development, especially when the global landscape is being reconfigured by new technological paradigms, a new set of players and a high degree of uncertainty...
Values as Motivation Factors of Economic Behaviour
Authors: Lačný Martin
Published: August 2017

The article presents a reflection on the structure of values functioning as motivators of economic behaviour. Considering the principle of rational egoism the author describes three segments of crucial values, which seem to be fundamental, as a matter of the contemporary Euro-American economic value system – freedom and justice; responsibility and confidence; progress, prosperity and rationality. An important methodological basis of presented reflection is the Ethics of social consequences – dynamically developing consequentialist ethical theory, responding to the challenges arising in the field of applied ethics in the framework of efforts to solve practical problems of today's world.
Actual cash financing situation of SMEs in Romania and further recommendations
Authors: Tonis (Bucea-Manea) Rocsana , Bucea-Manea-Tonis Radu
Published: August 2017

The world is experiencing a revolution in the digital and mobile technologies, with more information available more quickly and for more media than ever before. In this context, SMEs can turn to cloud solution. Although the advantages of using the cloud are compelling for SMEs still involves financial costs. In Romania the rate of access to funds is very low. In this context, SMEs need additional assistance to obtain funding.
Management Strategies and Environmental Accounting in Economic Entities. A Contribution to Sustainable Development
Authors: Ionescu Cicilia , Chivu Ramona , Chivu Marin
Published: August 2017

Abstract: The economic transactions made in an causes interactions with the environment, in some cases occurring adverse environmental effects. Progressive degradation of the natural environment and increasing social concern before this event, converted protect the environment in one of the most important strategic actions amendment requiring entities to include consideration of environmental issues. The general objective of this study is to analyze business practices related to environmental issues, both in its accounting treatment and environmental management strategies to entities that perform activities of environmental degradation.
Few Aspects Regarding the Building of the Rule of Law
Authors: Magureanu Alexandru Florin
Published: August 2017

Delegating the sovereignty from the citizens to the Government is necessary, to a certain degree, in order to ensure the efficiency of the constitution and the separation of powers, as well as the process of lawmaking. However the complex structure that we now call a “state” and that already seems to have reached its limitations is often perceived as a cold, impersonal structure, in which citizens are becoming only an insignificant part, an interchangeable wheel in a grand design. Thus the decision tends to become more distant from the citizens, than it was in the Greek democracy for example. The new means of communication, especially the Internet, give the citizen the possibility to be closer to the decisions taken by the legislator. The building of a “virtual agora” in which citizens are asked to participate directly to their own governing seems an achievable dream. Main difficulties towards such an ambitious goal are no longer of a technological nature, but of transforming the traditional law making process, the somehow rigid essential characteristics that the rule of law must have, with the direct exercise of sovereignty, by the citizens, if not in all matters, at least at a local, administrative level.
Management of Innovative Projects through Agile Technology
Authors: Bucea-Manea-Tonis Radu , Tonis (Bucea Manea ) Rocsana
Published: August 2017

Because of the globalization and the evolution of internet and technologies, nowadays the innovation is associated with open collaboration conducted by a legal framework. The paper analyses the methods that allow a better management for innovative projects and focuses on agile projects within a technological network.
Virtual teams and E-leadership in the context of competitive environment - Literature review
Authors: Manole Ioana
Published: August 2017

Globalization, accelerated movement of goods, technology and information transformed society in recent decades in unprecedented ways. In the context of a generation that focuses on continuous innovation and creativity at the highest levels, ability to lead and motivate people represents one of the best qualities of a manager, regardless of the activity. Unprecedented growth of competition, the need to reduce costs by automating continuous processes and create a competitive advantage in a market where the supply of goods and services is similar are forcing companies to put increasing emphasis on human resources. As part of creating competitive advantage, organizations relocate and create virtual teams in order to reduce costs, but keep the quality of the products or service, but they self-expose to risks if the virtual teams are not managed efficiently.The present article aims to explore new directions for leadership competencies in virtual context, reviewing the basic team characteristics from the traditional environment through new requirements based on virtual experience particularities.
An Opinion on Strategic Directions for an Economy in the Capitalist Periphery: The Case of India
Authors: Sadri Sorab
Published: August 2017

This paper is based on sixteen years of intensive examination and research into three Industrial Sectors (manufacturing, process and technology) of Western India and all observations contained herein are born out of and relate directly to those sectors. The premise upon which we stand is that if business ethics and corporate governance co-exists then with proper HR interventions a value centred corporate culture will very likely emerges and the journey towards achieving organisational excellence becomes that much easier. In the postgraduate textbook entitled Organisational Excellence through Business Ethics and Corporate Governance the authors had begun by defining ethics and stating that ethics was the precondition for generating value centred corporate cultures? They then delved deep into what ethics entrails and how it impacts the organisation as well as the individual within it. Thereafter they went in to the concept of Corporate Governance, defined it, viewed how it developed, examined how it was practiced overseas and then how it came to India. In this paper the authors attempt to show how good governance is based on ethics and how those who head the functions of People Management, Company Secretary, and Accountancy (cost and chartered) can gainfully use it for realising the larger interest of the organisations they belong to.  To that extent, this paper is just what the title suggests:  an opinion on the subject based on ongoing research
Regional Economic Growth; Socio-Economic Disparities among Counties
Authors: SARICA Salih Özgür
Published: August 2017

State level economy has always been relying on its major metropolitan area’s economic success. So, such metropolitan agglomerations have been considered the only agents that can foster the state’s economic standing as if other economic places do (or may) not have significant contribution to the regional economy. In contrast, as some major cities enhance their economic well-being and agglomerate in specialized sector, the rest of the region lose their economic grounds or stay constant by widening the economic gap among cities. Therefore, an institutional approach can help to establish new regional arrangements to substitute all economic places to coordinate each other and succeed the economic growth as part of state government by reducing the disparities. In this sense, this study builds upon the inquiry that seeks the impacts of some economic disparities among economic places (counties) on the performances of state level regional economy.
Are Greeks’ Unconcerned about Ethical Market Choices?"
Authors: DELISTAVROU Antonia , TILIKIDOU Irene
Published: August 2017

An Ethical Unconcern (EthU) scale was constructed and its impact on Positive Ethical Consumption was examined. The procedure of EthU included literature search, brainstorming and discussion groups to generate the preliminary pool of 99 items, refinement of the scale via a students’ survey by the employment of item-to-total correlation and alpha-if-item deleted techniques. The initial scale was tested in a consumer survey conducted in the urban area of Thessaloniki, Greece. Item-to-total correlation and alpha-if-item deleted techniques were applied again, followed by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) by the employment of PCA. The procedure left 21 items in five factors with eigenvalues greater than 1 explaining 61.34% of the variance. The five factors were named Boycott/ Discursive, Fair-Trade, Scepticism, Powerlessness and Ineffectiveness. The AMOS SPSS was then used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis. Goodness-of-fit results indicated that the measurement model fit the data well (χ2=594.226, p<0.000, CFI=0.926, NFI=0.899, TLI=0.910, RMSEA=0.066). The examination of the Positive Ethical Consumption indicated rare to occasional ethical buying choices among Greek consumers. The inhibiting role of Ethical Unconcern on Positive Ethical Consumption was found to be rather low.
From Performance Measurement to Strategic Management Model: Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Savsar Cihat
Published: August 2017

Abstract: In Today’s competitive markets, one of the main conditions of the surviving of enterprises is the necessity to have effective performance management systems. Decisions must be taken by the management according to the performance of assets. In the transition from industrial society to information society, the presence of business structures have changed and the values of non-financial assets have increased in this period. So some systems have emerged based on intangible assets and to measure them instead of tangible assets and their measurements. With economic and technological development multi-dimensional evaluation in the business couldn’t be sufficient.  Performance evaluation methods can be applied in business with an integrated approach by its accordance with business strategy, linking to reward system and cause effects link established between performance measures. Balanced scorecard is one of the commonly used in measurement methods. While it was used for the first time in 1992 as a performance measurement tool today it has been used as a strategic management model besides its conventional uses. BSC contains customer perspective, internal perspective and learning and growth perspective besides financial perspective. Learning and growth perspective is determinant of other perspectives. In order to achieve the objectives set out in the financial perspective in other dimensions that need to be accomplished, is emphasized. Establishing a causal link between performance measures and targets how to achieve specified goals with strategy maps are described.
The Women Employees within the Frame of Social Responsibility and an Analyse
Authors: Cagiran Kendirli Hulya , Gulen Tugba , Kumbul Tugba
Published: August 2017

Abstract: In many resources, corporate social responsibility is defined as an organization's ethic and responsible attitude towards all the partners in and outside of the instruction, it’s taking the decisions accordingly and apply them.In the researches that have been carried out recently, the concept of "partner" stands out. Institutions have relations with some certain partners such as consumers, advertisers and workers and so on as these groups include women as well. That is the reason why the studies should be carried out considering the women.This concept has a great role in increasing the number of the social responsibility projects of the institutions that put emphasize on women.Although Turkey signed CEDAW (Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women) which is a legally binding contract and many contracts of ILO which aimed at protecting the equality of men and women, and made some certain laws to protect the equality, it was the 126th country of 130 countries according to the Index of Gender Mainstreaming report published by WEF (World Economic Forum) in 2013. In this regard, the need to replace women in the centre of social responsibility projects is inevitable.
"Audit – sources and institutionalization” By Evgeniy Nikolov Stoyanov
Authors: Terziev Venelin
Published: August 2017

The author of the presented book (published in the form of a monograph)is a professor in economics with PhD in accounting, control and analysis of economic activity. He is a lecturer in: Burgas University "Asen Zlatarov", Agricultural University - Plovdiv and University of agribusiness and rural development - Bulgaria. His scientific research is in the field of audit and its application in various areas which is reflected in over 60 publications in Bulgaria and abroad. Prof. Evgeniy Stoyanov is one of the prominent Bulgarian scientists in that field having original ideas in his work presented on a number of conferences, seminars and scientific forums.The monograph “Audit – sources and institutionalization” consists of an introduction, eight chapters, conclusion, references and a glossary of abbreviations used. It will be shortly presented and analyzed below as a book of special interest in the development of scientific thought in economics and management.
Application of New Instruments to Increase Effectiveness of Implementation of Social Policies on Labour Market in Bulgaria
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Arabska Ekaterina
Published: August 2017

Nowadays, public employment services face a number of urgent tasks as raising the employment rate and reducing the number of vacant jobs for which is difficult to find enough qualified workers. New realities on labour market and dynamic environment require adequate actions, rational and timely decision making and optimization of work. Dynamic changes in social environment impacting labour markets and activities of public employment services impose various tasks which implementation should be carefully planned, organized and controlled. To achieve that public employment services should take a more comprehensive look at the demand and supply of labour, considering the numerous transitions taking place constantly on the labour market and people's personal development. Improving processes and the quality of the administrative services in the Bulgarian employment agency is seen as a prerequisite for effective implementation of employment policies. The study presents opportunities for improving the quality of services offered in the Directorates "Labour Office" in the Republic of Bulgaria by introducing a process model and improvements in the capacity and efficiency of work in the field of labour mediation.
The Future of Education into a Digital World
Authors: Jelev Viorica
Published: August 2017

The article investigate the role of communication in the digital age, between consumers and business and seeks to render highlighting changes within the Romanian society in the last 26 years, with the effects occurred in people's behavior, but also the changes of university education at the discipline I teach, Merchandising and International Marketing, with impact on the delivery of new information to the students of the Faculty of Economic Sciences, within Spiru Haret University. We live in an era where everything seems to change and evolve almost overnight. ”The world economic order went through a tectonic transformation, accompanied by, and in part caused by, groundbreaking advances in science and technology and the rise of globalization” . New industries start to develop, while others are on their last legs or already extinct in a world of advanced, emerging, and developing countries. As a result, lots of jobs from years past aren’t as relevant today as they once were, and many no longer exist. Therefore it’s easy to predict that eventually, today’s jobs will evolve into something completely different. And some will become obsolete. And it is those changes that lead to multiple consequences, affecting many other fields, one being education. We need a broad, flexible and motivating education that recognizes the different talents of all children and delivers excellence for everyone. Studying methods and curricula from the 20th century may no longer be relevant in the constantly evolving and changing world of the 21st century, in preparing you for your future job. And in order to maximize your chances of having a successful career in the field of your choice, you have to constantly adapt and evolve. Creative education involves a balance between teaching knowledge and skills, and encouraging innovation. New branches of industries will appear, and potential employers and employees will need to acquire new skills and abilities. And it is these new skills and abilities that should be taught and attained in schools, especially by those attending higher education, which is at an inflection point. It is this constant change, the need to permanently evolve and adapt, that has led to the development of various groups, organizations and networks, tasked with generating answers and solutions to present day problems, as well as predicting future trends in their respective fields of activity. Finally, I try to find the answer to the question "what is the future of humanity?" what typology of man must we form to save the future of the planet. The answer is "the beautiful man", as Dan Puric called in his book.
Public Debts Trends in the Current Economic Context, from Both National and International Perspective
Authors: Dascalu Doina , Ungureanu Dragos
Published: August 2017

. The article presents an analysis of the way public debt operates in Romania, in the context of states economies trends, of complex and topical financial environments.In the context of a functional market economy, the issues faced by certain states involving high public debt levels or potential budgetary pressure risks converge towards the idea that public finances sustainability needs to be a major challenge at the level of public policies. Considering this situation, the adequate policies to tackle public finances sustainability need to have, as a launching base, the overall strategy of the European Union, focused on the three component parts, namely abatement of public debt, increasing productivity and employment and last but not least, reforming the pension and healthcare systems.To ensure reasonably sustainable public debt levels, EU member states need to attain medium term strategic budgetary objectives, that would ensure a downward trend of public debt, a condition which can be fulfilled by compliance with budget policies rules, which ground development in the macroeconomic framework.
New Trends in Economic Globalization
Authors: Gurgu Elena , Cociuban Aristide
Published: August 2017

The long disputed and analyzed, globalization has now become an objective phenomenon unprecedented in world history, as magnitude and evolution. Criticized by some, revered by others, it seems that follows its trajectory. For us relevant are some negative aspects of globalization, but more significant are those that maintain balance and well-being of mankind. Based on the research conducted we have concluded that both globalization and regionalization emerged and developed as a result of unprecedented increased competition in the level of trade of states or regions.
Resources for Apitourism in Bulgaria
Authors: GRIGOROVA Zlatka , TIMAREVA Stefka , SHOPOVA Ivanka
Published: August 2017

The report includes an analysis of the situation, trends and prospects of the resource base for the development of apitourism as an unconventional attractive and specialized type of supporting farmers through agricultural practices. The report presents the resource base (traditions, state, production and marketing of honey). For the aim of the analysis data has been used  from the National Statistics Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Food beekeepers' associations, processors and traders of honey and bee products, the Ministry of Tourism and tourism industry organizations. The main purpose of the study is to assist companies and individuals in the field of agribusiness and apitourism for the realization of bee products and services.
Organic Production Business Model and the Concept of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: ARABSKA Ekaterina , TERZIEV Venelin
Published: August 2017

The concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) considering competitiveness and sustainability issues in contemporary globalizing world is closely linked to organic production being a production system applying holistic approaches in the overall management and production activities and assurance of the highest degree of conformability to sustainable use and preservation of resources. The paper examines the organic production as a business model corresponding to the spheres of CSR regarding society, environment, human capital and work conditions, knowledge and education. The focus in on sustainable business practices in organic production assessed in the study from the point of view of management, environment, human resources, public relations and business environment considered in five dimensions: economic, social, environmental, cultural and accountability.
New public diplomacy and its effects on international level
Authors: Gurgu Elena , Cociuban Aristide Dumitru
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The purpose of this article is to make known the new type of public diplomacy and the effects this new diplomacy can have internationally. The objectives of our article refer to the context of change, the role of the media in public diplomacy, new approaches and elements of public diplomacy, current diplomacy in scientific and technical way and the use of scientific cooperation to improve bilateral relations between countries.
OPPORTUNITIES OF MODERN UNDERSTANDINGS ON HUMAN CAPITAL
Authors: Stoyanov Evgeniy
Published: August 2017

The study is focused on the key factor in the structure of any organization – the human capital. The objective is to present the thesis of the author that it is possible to optimize the process of formation of human capital through consolidated administration of certain management and control concepts. The tasks are connected with accumulation of evidence that the concept of the audit of human resources can be and should be developed.
The Effects Of Global Economic Crisis of 2008 to Financial Statements and Liquidity Ratios Which Companies are Settled In BIST Energy Sector (2005-2013 Term Review)
Authors: Kendirli Selcuk , Cankaya Muhammet , Cagatay Altug
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Aim of this study is to compare and analyze whether the 2008 global economic crisis affected the balance of the energy companies which are listed in the İstanbul Stock Exchange and have shown continuity in 2005-2013 period by using a variety of analyzing methods. Companies that demonstrate continuity between the years 2005-2013 were not assessed in this study. Horizontal and vertical analyses were made on the financial statements of the companies which are evaluated and liquidity ratios were assessed. As a result of the analysis the companies have been found to be affected to different degrees by the crisis.
Methodological framework for ex-ante assessment of active policies on the labor market - experimental approach
Authors: PASNICU Daniela
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Ex-ante assessment is a mandatory step before the process of implementation of policies because it brings, through the analyses undertaken improvements for initial design, contributing, on a case by case basis, to increasing of efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, sustainability, equity and of its internal and external coherence. In recent years, at international level, but especially in the EU countries (EU), the ex-ante socio-economic programs and public interventions have become an extremely necessary instrument in decision-making, which is linked own economic and social development of the EU Member States.The article presents a methodological framework for ex-ante assessment of active measures for the employment growth in the context of rural areas, on the bases of efficiency, effectiveness and coherence criteria. Ex-ante social impact assessment of an active policy can have beneficial effects on employment under quantitative and qualitative aspects. The novelty of the article consist in the specific, experimental approach of the development and of ex-ante evaluation of active labor market policies, in the context of rural areas.
ARCHITECTURE OF CHOICE – ADVICES OF BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS
Authors: Terziev Venelin
Published: August 2017

THE NEW BOOK BY PROFESSOR DIMITAR KANEV A book review by Venelin Terziev Dimitar Kanev is professor and doctor of economic sciences. He is one of the known and established Bulgarian scientists, whose major interests are connected with the general economic theory, behavioural theory, economics and management of education and economics of labour. He is professor at Nikola Vaptsarov Higher Naval School in Varna and at Chernorizets Hrabar Varna Free University.
SOCIAL INTEGRATION OF DISCHARGED MILITARY SERVICEMEN IN BULGARIA
Authors: Hristov Neno
Published: August 2017

a book review
THE AUDIT OF THE QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM WITHIN THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FIELD
Authors: Dragomir Robert Gabriel
Published: August 2017

The present paper speaks about the audit of the quality control system. First we exposed the general framework; the importance of information technology field under the actual development and challenges of the informatics systems. Then, we presented the national and international laws which regulate the audit of the informatics systems. Thirdly, we exposed the methodology of the audit for the quality system control in IT domain, describing its stages and flux diagram. In the end we jumped at the conclusions.
LEGAL PROTECTION ON CHILDREN AS A VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE BASED ON PROGRESSIVE LAW
Authors: Purwaningsih Etik
Published: August 2017

Sexual violence happened to children are often occurred, after the emergence of sexual cases in Jakarta International School (JIS). It began to arise attention to child victims of sexual violence. This paper aims to provide a review of the protection on child victims of sexual violence at this time. With the sociological juridical method, the primary data were obtained from direct interviews with law enforcement officers, while secondary data were obtained from literature references. The result shows that the legal protection does not pay attention on children as victim. The legal protection for children as victim sexual violence is expected to give punishment to the criminals in the form of payment of compensation to the victim whose amount is determined in the court, or fulfillment of the obligation of the Local custom or legal obligations that live in society or social and mental rehabilitation. If the convicted person tries to avoid giving the compensation, the convicted person is not entitled to a reduction in the criminal term and does not get conditional released.
Bens de Reduzido Valor
Authors: Aguiar Paulo Filipe , Aguiar Manuel António
Published: August 2017

Pretende-se, com este pequeno texto, esclarecer de uma forma o mais abrangente possível a dúvida existente sobre o que se consideram um bem/elemento, de carácter duradouro ou não, de reduzido valor. A problemática tem implicações na forma de relevar tais bens/elementos, pois questiona-se a aplicabilidade do princípio contabilístico geralmente aceite (pcga) da materialidade, em deterimento da explicação estabelecida na Classe 4 do Pano Oficial de Contabilidade (POC).
Governing Indigenous Sports and Recreation, 1972–2008: Citizenship Regimes, Nation-Building, and the Politics of Ambivalence
Authors: Hurl Chris
Published: August 2017

This article examines the governance of Indigenous sports in Canada over the past 40 years. Drawing from the notion of citizenship regimes, it looks at the different institutional arrangements, rules, and understandings that have guided and shaped Canadian sports policy. Through a comparative analysis of the Native Sports and Recreation Program (1972–81) and the North American Indigenous Games (1990–2008), it demonstrates a shift from strategies of governance based on social citizenship—in which state agencies aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples under federal programs as disadvantaged members of the national population—to market citizenship, providing services that target at-risk communities at a distance through short-term, project-oriented partnerships. In the midst of these changing citizenship regimes, I examine the different ways in which Indigenous groups have been able to make claims for self-determined sports and recreation infrastructure based on specific understandings of nationhood and belonging.
The substructures and crystallographic features of martensite in high-carbon steel after cryogenic treatment
Authors: Qiao Xun , Zhu Yan , Dang Bo , Sun Linlin
Published: August 2017

The substructures and crystallographic features of martensite in 1.01C high-carbon steel were investigated using transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that the “new” thin-plate martensite (M2), formed at cryogenic temperatures, possessed unique substructures and crystallographic features, which were quite different from the “original” large lenticular martensite (M1) formed at relatively high temperatures. Furthermore, the M1 and M2 can be distinguished and quantified using the band-contrast distributions from backscatter diffraction scanning electron microscopy.
Statistical Inference of Transit Passenger Boarding Strategies from Farecard Data
Authors: Nassir Neema , Hickman Mark , Ma Zhenliang
Published: August 2017

This research considers how one might deduce the set of attractive routes for public transit passengers, as part of a boarding strategy, from passengers’ daily choices of which path to take. From the set of attractive routes (attractive set), a public transit passenger may be assumed to board the first service that arrives at the origin stop. To determine the attractive set, a statistical inference algorithm was developed and tested using a public transit farecard data set. The proposed algorithm was developed from an exact method that investigates the distribution of repeated boarding transactions in a farecard data set and infers the so-called steady-state strategies over the observation period. The advantage of the proposed method is in identifying and eliminating occasional and tried-but-rejected path alternatives recorded during the study period. The method was tested in a case study using 6 months of farecard transactions of regular passengers for multiple major origin–destination pairs in the transit network of Brisbane, Australia. Some behavioral aspects of passengers’ attractive routes are also reported and discussed.
Constructing Transit Origin–Destination Matrices with Spatial Clustering
Authors: Luo Ding , Cats Oded , van Lint Hans
Published: August 2017

So-called tap-in–tap-off smart card data have become increasingly available and popular as a result of the deployment of automatic fare collection systems on transit systems in many cities and areas worldwide. An opportunity to obtain much more accurate transit demand data than before has thus been opened to both researchers and practitioners. However, given that travelers in some cases can choose different origin and destination stations, as well as different transit lines, depending on their personal acceptable walking distances, being able to aggregate the demand of spatially close stations becomes essential when transit demand matrices are constructed. With the aim of investigating such problems using data-driven approaches, this paper proposes a k-means-based station aggregation method that can quantitatively determine the partitioning by considering both flow and spatial distance information. The method was applied to a case study of Haaglanden, Netherlands, with a specified objective of maximizing the ratio of average intra-cluster flow to average inter-cluster flow while maintaining the spatial compactness of all clusters. With a range of clustering of different K performed first using the distance feature, a distance-based metric and a flow-based metric were then computed and ultimately combined to determine the optimal number of clusters. The transit demand matrices constructed by implementing this method lay a foundation for further studies on short-term transit demand prediction and demand assignment.
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Adsorptive Removal of H2S from Natural Gas by Amine Functionalisation of MCM-41
Authors: Zhang Jiao Jing , Wang Wen Yi , Wang Guo Jian , Kai Cheng , Song Hua , Wang Lu
Published: August 2017

A model natural gas consisting of hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen and oxygen mixture was used to simulate materials to test the performance of an amine-modified MCM-41 adsorbent prepared by the impregnation method. The adsorbent was characterised by X-ray diffraction analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that more molecules are able to penetrate the pores following modification, resulting in rapid structural collapse, thus lowering the diffraction intensity. Although the capacity of amine-modified MCM-41 decreased the physical adsorption, chemisorption increased significantly. (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane/MCM-41 was found to exhibit a good performance for H2S desulfurisation. At 45 °C the breakthrough time was 186 min, the saturated sulfur capacity was 134.38 mg g−1 and the degree of desulfurisation was 54.19%. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics were investigated and the relevant parameters were obtained. The results showed that the adsorption isotherm could be well fitted by the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacities increased with increase of temperature. The adsorption kinetics could be represented by the Bangham model, which suggested that chemical reaction seemed significant in the rate-controlling adsorption step. The adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic.
Catalytic Combustion of Vinyl Chloride Emission over a TiO2–MnOx Catalyst
Authors: Wan Yiling , Xie Xiangyu , Chen Xiaojun
Published: August 2017

TiO2–MnO x catalyst samples with different Ti/(Ti + Mn) molar ratios (2:3, 3:4, 4:5, 5:6, 6:7 and 1) prepared by the citric acid (CA) sol-gel method were studied in the catalytic combustion of vinyl chloride (VC) emission. The effects of preparation conditions and operation parameters on the catalytic performance of TiO2–MnO x were investigated. The catalyst samples were characterised by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR). In the catalytic combustion of VC over TiO2–MnO x, products containing HCl, CO2, and H2O were obtained and there were no by-products such as chlorohydrocarbons and chlorine. The TiO2–MnO x catalyst with the molar ratio of CA/Mn/Ti = 0.30:0.20:0.80 showed the best catalytic performance and had better operating flexibility over the ranges of gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 15000–100000 h−1 and VC concentration of 0.05–2.00%. The temperatures at 50% conversion (140 °C) and at 99% conversion (220 °C) were achieved at a VC concentration of 0.1% and GHSV of 15000 h−1. XRD characterisation indicated that only the characteristic diffraction peaks of TiO2 with the anatase structure appeared and no characteristic diffraction peaks of MnO x species appeared for the TiO2–MnO x catalyst. XRD and H2-TPR results indicated that Mn ions were incorporated into the TiO2 lattice to form a Ti–Mn–O solid solution, which enhanced the reactivity of active oxygen species on the catalyst surface and thereby promoted the catalyst activity.
NH4I/tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Promoted Oxidative C–N Cleavage of Tertiary Amines Leading to Nitroaromatic Compounds
Authors: Shao Ying , Zheng Hao , Wu Zhuhong , Huang Lei , Tong Jingjing , Wu Ming , Sun Xiaoqiang
Published: August 2017

A NH4I/ tert-butyl hydroperoxide-promoted oxidation of tertiary N-aryl- N,N-dialkylamines in DMSO has been developed to access nitroaromatic compounds. This methodology involves sequential N-dealkylation reactions in one-pot and a radical pathway is proposed.
Design and Synthesis of Sulfonamide-1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives Bearing a Dithiocarbamate Moiety as Antiproliferative Agents
Authors: Fu Dong-Jun , Liu Ying-Chao , Yang Jia-Jia , Zhang Ji , Xiong Chao-Dong , Cao Zhu-Song , Yin Xu-Xu , Wei Wei , Zhang Yan-Bing
Published: August 2017

A series of nine novel 1-(4′-sulfamoylphenyl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing a 4-dithiocarbamylmethyl moiety were designed using the molecular hybridisation approach and synthesised by alkyne/azide click chemistry. Most of the synthesised compounds exhibited moderate to good antiproliferative activity against oesophagus, gastric and prostate cancer cell lines, but a compound containing a 4-( t-butoxycarbonyl)piperazinylthiocarbonyl moiety showed the highest activity. Against a prostate cancer cell line, it had an IC50 value of 2.4 μM, about 10-fold more active than 5-flurouracil. This work shows that novel sulfonamide-1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing a dithiocarbamate moiety linked to a 4-substituted piperazine are promising lead compounds for the development of antitumour agents.
Synthesis of Fused [1,3]Oxazines from Ethyl Trifluoroacetate, Activated Acetylenes and N-Heterocycles
Authors: Mohammadi Marziyeh , Khandan-Barani Khatereh , Hassanabadi Alireza
Published: August 2017

The intermediates from the reaction between phenanthridine or isoquinoline with dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates have been trapped with ethyl trifluoroacetate to produce highly functionalised fused [1,3]oxazines in good yield.
Effect of magnetic anisotropy on Villari Effect in non-oriented FeSi electrical steel
Authors: Leuning Nora , Steentjes Simon , Hameyer Kay
Published: August 2017

The Villari Effect (inverse magnetostrictive effect), which describes the sensitivity of magnetic properties of ferromagnetic materials to mechanical stress is pivotal for actual operational characteristics of electrical machines. In rotating electrical machines mechanical stress is inevitable. It is inherent in processed parts from processing and manufacturing as well as induced by operation of the machine (e.g. centrifugal force). Consequently, magnetic behavior of non-oriented (NO) electrical steel (ES) needs to be characterized not only in its unstressed state as determined by standardized testing, but also considered with regard to its stress dependency. Due to non-uniform distributions of crystallographic orientations within the material, interdependencies between stress and occurring anisotropies have to be identified in order to explain magnetic properties in the entire sheet plane of NO laminations. In this paper the effect of tensile and compressive stress on the magnetic properties of a conventional 2.4 [Formula: see text] Si electrical steel is studied. Particular attention is paid to the comparison between different directions of applied mechanical stress with respect to the rolling direction. Therewith, the initial anisotropy and interrelating effects due to mechanical stress are evaluated.
Comparison of resistivity measurements on electrical steel plates and strips using the traditional 4-terminal method and the van-der-Pauw (VDP) method
Authors: Hou Ruifen , Sievert Johannes , He Jian , Lin Anli
Published: August 2017

The van-der-Pauw (VDP) method and the traditional measurement method are used to measure the resistivity of the electrical steel plate and strip samples. According to the comparison of the two methods, the relative difference between them is 0.27% for sample of g-o-material and 0.06% for that of n-o-material. The uncertainty of the two methods both are 0.31%. It can be stated that the two methods, the VDP and the traditional method, applied to strip samples, show excellent agreement and should be introduced both in the new edition of the IEC 60404-13 standard.
Simulation of Preisach hysteresis model based on the first-order reversal curves
Authors: Zhao Xiaojun , Guan Dawei , Zhang Honggang , Xiao Fan , Meng Fanhui
Published: August 2017

The measurement of DC magnetic properties of soft magnetic materials is carried out by using the static performance testing system (SPTS). The measured limiting hysteresis loop is used to generate the first-order reversal curves (FORCs), which can be effectively applied to the modeling of hysteretic characteristics and verification of hysteresis model. Consequently measurement of FORCs in experiment is unnecessary, whereas efficiency and accuracy of parameter identification can be guaranteed to enhances the applicability of the Preisach model. The concentric hysteresis loops and high-order reversal curves are simulated by using the [Formula: see text]-based Preisach model, and a good agreement between the measured and simulated results verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Electromagnetic testing of bleed air duct tubes in aging aircrafts
Authors: Kim Jungmin , Le Minhhuy , Hong Wanpyo , Lee Jinyi
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a nondestructive testing method for bleed air duct tubes in aging aircrafts. The inspection technique is based on eddy current testing. The sensor probe is constructed of a bobbin coil as a magnetic source and a bobbin-type integrated Hall sensor (BIHaS) array to measure the electromagnetic field distribution around cracks on the bleed air duct tube. The BIHaS has many Hall sensor elements arrayed in a circumference that can measure the radial component of the electromagnetic field with high spatial resolution. For example, 45 Hall sensor elements were used for inspection of a bleed air duct tube having an inner diameter of 38 mm. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, tests were carried out on artificial cracks in bleed air duct tubes. The system was able to inspect 3 mm long cracks and their length was quantitatively evaluated with 1.57 mm of standard deviation.
Measurement of Uptake by using Image based Bio-distribution of 99mTc-DTPA and 99mTc-DMSA for Kidney, Liver and Spl
Authors: Islam Md Sayful , Das Suranjan Kumar , Biman Tanvir Ahmed
Published: August 2017

Measurement of uptake by using the image based bio-distribution of 99mTc-DMSA (Dimercapto succinic acid) and 99mTc-DTPA (Diethylene triaminepenta acetic acid) in Kidney, Spleen and Liver with frame to frame analysis has been evidenced as the simplified way than the existing computer program based methodology, like MIRD and others. In this study, 100 patients were included in each scan. For 99mTc-DTPA scan, the mean uptake percentage for Kidney was 84.06% and that for Spleen was 7.80% and for Liver was 8.13% in which 66 patients were male and 34 were female age ranging from 3 (three) months to 70 (seventy) years. On the other hand,99mTc-DMSA scan was executed for 60 (sixty) male and 40 (forty) female patients; the mean values of uptake percentage for Kidney, Spleen and Liver were 87.40%, 5.99% and6.60% respectively. It was manifested that the uptake percentages of radiopharmaceuticals were the highest in kidney for youngers whereas those values in other organs were lower than adults.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 105-114, 2017
Fraudulence Detection in Fish Marketing of Bangladesh using DNA Barcoding
Authors: Smriti Sagorika , Islam Tahmina , Begum Mst Khadiza , Punom Nusrat Jahan , Mitra Shawon , Hossain Anwar , Sarker Rhaka Hari , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur
Published: August 2017

DNA barcoding, based on the sequencing of a short, standardized region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene has the potential to be a practical method for fish species identification in raw or processed fish products. The aim of this study was to identify the level of fraudulence in fish marketing particularly in super shops of Bangladesh. Different species of fish as whole or in fillet were collected from different supermarkets and local markets of Dhaka metropolis for examination. COI gene sequence was amplified using random primers (Fish F1, Fish F2, Fish R1 and Fish R2) and then compared with reference sequences from GenBank and BOLD (Barcode of Life Data Systems). The database was able to provide species matches of >85% sequence similarity for ten samples tested. The overall fraudulence was detected 80% but specifically for whole fish it was 85.71% and fraudulence for fish fillet was 66.67%. These naming discrepancies and ambiguities demonstrate that DNA barcoding can be a reliable tool for the detection of fish products mislabeling in Bangladesh. Therefore, it can be a useful tool for fraudulence control, law enforcement and guiding consumers to get rid of fish product fraudulence.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 17-27 2017
Paper and Fiber-Based Bio-Diagnostic Platforms: Current Challenges and Future Needs
Authors: Hosseini Samira , Vázquez-Villegas Patricia , Martínez-Chapa Sergio O.
Published: August 2017

In this perspective article, some of the latest paper and fiber-based bio-analytical platforms are summarized, along with their fabrication strategies, the processing behind the product development, and the embedded systems in which paper or fiber materials were integrated. The article also reviews bio-recognition applications of paper/fiber-based devices, the detected analytes of interest, applied detection techniques, the related evaluation parameters, the type and duration of the assays, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Moreover, some of the existing challenges of utilizing paper and/or fiber materials are discussed. These include control over the physical characteristics (porosity, permeability, wettability) and the chemical properties (surface functionality) of paper/fiber materials are discussed. Other aspects of the review focus on shelf life, the multi-functionality of the platforms, readout strategies, and other challenges that have to be addressed in order to obtain reliable detection outcomes.