bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Approximation techniques for maximizing likelihood functions of generalized linear mixed models for binary response data
Authors: Remi Dare Julius , Adebayo Agunbiade Dawud , Kehinde Famurewa Oludolapo , Sunday Adesina Olumide , Funmi Adedotun Dayo , Iyaniwura Olatunde
Published: July 2024

Evaluating Maximum likelihood estimates in Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) has been a serious challenge due to some integral complexities encountered in maximizing its likelihood functions. It is computationally difficult to establish analytical solutions for the integrals. In view of this, approximation techniques would be needed. In this paper, various approximation techniques were examined including Laplace approximation (LA), Penalized Quasi likelihood (PQL) and Adaptive Gauss-Hermite Quadrature (AGQ) techniques. The performances of these methods were evaluated through both simulated and real-life data in medicine. The simulation results showed that the Adaptive Gauss-Hermit Quadrature approach produced better estimates when compared with PQL and LA estimation techniques based on some model selection criteria.Â Â Â
Impacts of kerosene contamination on the geotechnical characteristics of cohesive soil
Authors: O.Karkush Mahdi , G.Jihad Amer
Published: July 2024

The soil contamination is a big problem which increased recently because of urbanization and development of industrial activities. The most common types of soil contaminants are petroleum products, fertilizers, heavy metals, pesticides, and organic compounds. This study focuses on the influence of kerosene on the chemical, physical, and engineering characteristics of cohesive soil. The soil samples are obtained from of a rural area in Al-Diwaniya city located in the south of Iraq. The soil samples are artificially contaminated with three ratios of kerosene (10, 30, and 50) % calculated based on the dry weight of soil. The process of contamination includes air dried the disturbed soil samples, then the soils samples placed in containers made from plastic and mixed with the field moisture content and the specified content of kerosene to ensure getting homogenous contaminated soil samples. The contaminated soil samples left for 30 days in plastic containers covered by nylon sheets to control the moisture content and the content of contaminant. A detailed testing program are conducted on these soil samples to determine the effects of kerosene on the chemical and geotechnical properties of silty clay soil sample. The results of tests proved that different percentages of kerosene have different influence on the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of the tested soil samples.Â Â
Adaptive modulation approaches parameters effect on LTE uplink waveform
Authors: D. Aljanabi Haider , B. Qas Elias Bashar , D. Aljanabi Hussam
Published: July 2024

The next generation are regarding radio applied sciences designed in conformity with increase the capability and velocity about cellular networks. LTE is the first science designed bluntly because the Next Generation Network NGN yet is embarking in conformity with come to be the de-facto (NGN) mobile get entry to network standards. It takes competencies of (NGN's) services in imitation of grant an always-on cellular information ride same after wired networks. In this paper LTE uplink waveforms displayed with various duplexing mode, Allocated Resources Blocks ARB, Modulation types and total information per frame, QPSK and 16 QAM used as modulation techniques and tested under AWGN and Rayleigh channels, similarity and interference of the generated waveforms tested using auto-correlation and cross-correlation respectively.Â Â
The Use of Drone in Property Valuation
Authors: Ain Wahida Mohd Radzali Nurul , Nizam Tahar Khairul
Published: July 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) photogrammetric image is an essential element in property information to calculate the rate of tax assessment on a double-storey housing scheme. The geometrical identification of double-storey terrace houses is very important for rate and tax assessments. Therefore, UAV photogrammetric image can be used to view and estimate the actual and real-view dimension of each double-storey house. The aim of this is to identify the actual geometry of each double-storey house based on the pattern of the roof between two houses. The method used to calculate the rate and tax is based on the current condition of the roof of each double-storey house which can represent the extension of the house. The new rate on the tax assessment can be calculated by referring to each parameter as mentioned in the local authorities guidelines. The assessment required the standard rate on the area, the period and the percent of extension. The results from this assessment were calculated into a year and half-year. For the extent condition, it was categorised into no extent, intermediate extent and extensive extent. UAV is very useful in rate and tax for property assessment because it can provide an aerial view and reliable results for property assessment.Â Â
Roles of Atomizing Gas in Swirl Effervescent Atomization
Authors: H. A. Hamid Ahmad , A. Ghaffar Zulkifli , C. Rus Nurulhanis
Published: July 2024

Issues of propellant atomizing, mixing and viscous loss become increasingly more important as the thrust chamber are reduced in size. The present investigation examines the behavior of resulting sprays emanating from swirl effervescent atomizers at various gas-to-liquid ratios (GLRs) and aeration tube configurations. A series of cold flow test has been conducted, where water and nitrogen were used as simulation fluids. Results show that the injection of atomizing gas tends to reduce the spray angle and the discharge coefficient. Results also indicate narrower spray angle and lower discharge coefficient at higher GLRs. A smaller total aeration hole size also leads to a narrower spray angle and a higher pressure drop for the gas injection. Interestingly, a smaller total aeration hole size produces higher discharge coefficient. In general, the atomizing gas has shown to significantly alter the resulting sprays of a swirl effervescent atomizer even at a relatively low GLR.Â
Numerical Simulation Platform for a Generic Aircraft Flight Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Adila Arif Adam , . Stepen , Adhy Sasongko Rianto
Published: July 2024

Flight simulation has been used for many purposes in several decades, started from pilot training, engineering purposes, even just for a hobby. In its development, computing technology has a vital role in aircraft simulation. Nowadays, people do an aircraft simulation mostly by using a set of the computing device and complementary equipment such as a joystick. On the other hand, engineers use aircraft simulation in order to evaluate the aircraft in many aspects such as flight performance, handling quality, and controllability. This paper proposes a simulation system to do an engineering simulation especially to evaluate controllability of an aircraft utilizing X-Plane 10, Python and MATLAB. This system can manipulate aircraft loading configuration and failure on aircraft systems, set the environment condition, and observe control-related flight parameters in MATLAB whilst the aircraft is still flying in the X-Plane 10 at the same time. The system had been tested and proved could work well with X-Plane 10.Â Â
Effect of Wing Locations to the Aerodynamic of UiTMâ€™s Blended Wing Body-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (BWB-UAV) Prototype
Authors: Diyana Nasri Huang Farah , Wisnoe Wirachman , Effendy Mohd. Nasir Rizal , Sabah Shukri Askari Ehan
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the effect of wing placement on UiTMâ€™s BWB Prototype to the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. Lift coefficient (CL), drag coefficient (CD) and pitching moment coefficient (CM) are analyzed at 20 m/s air velocity, using NUMECA Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Three wing locations are selected, i.e.: initial location (in reference to the BWB Prototype), front location (30% from leading edge), and middle location (in between of the first two cases). The canard and wing tips from the BWB Prototype are removed for this study. Grid independence study is completed to observe the effect of number of cells on the computation results. Comparison between the CFD and wind tunnel results on the initial BWB Prototype is performed for validation purpose. The variation of CL, CD and CM are presented in curves of lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment coefficient against angles of attack (Î±). The lift coefficient curves give similar trends for the three wing locations and the initial configuration except between 20Â° â€“ 35Â° angles of attack where different fluctuation behavior occurs on the curves. The maximum lift coefficient obtained is around 0.86 â€“ 1.05 at Î± = 26Â° â€“ 30Â°. Drag coefficient curves also show similar trend for the three wing locations, but lower than the initial configuration due to removal of the canard and wing tips. The pitching moment curves show significant difference in slope among the three placements of the wing for Î± above 10Â°. The pitching moment coefficient curves indicates negative slopes up to of Î± = 18Â° (initial and middle case) and Î± = 22Â° (front case) which indicates static stability for all cases. Curves show that the middle wing configuration continues to give static stability up to higher angles of attack whereas the front case provides the best static stability up to Î± = 22Â°. Overall the absence of canard and wing tips removes the sudden change of slope of pitching moment around Î± = 12Â° which initially occurs on the BWB-UAV Prototype.Â Â
Performance of a Monarch Butterfly for Various Flapping Angle
Authors: . Aaroh , Zuber Mohammad , Md Abdul Khader Shah , Kalburgi Sagar , Illyani Basri Ernnie , Arifin Ahmad Kamarul
Published: July 2024

The butterfly is an insect highly evolved to perform various flight regimes. From gliding flight to manoeuvers involving spontaneous changes in direction, the butterfly is considered a marvel of aerodynamic evolution. Recent demand in the development of micro-aerial vehicles (MAVs) has led scientists to study these creatures in greater depth to get a better understanding of the lift generating mechanisms adopted by them. This study focuses on the evaluation of gliding performance of the Monarch butterfly. A CAD model of a Monarch butterfly wing is modelled using CATIA, taking into account only a single wing of wingspan 53.381 mm which is used to simulate the gliding motion of the butterfly. The gliding performance analysis suggests that a maximum aerodynamic coefficient of 3.597 is achieved for the current wing orientation at 8Â° AoA.Â Â
X-Type Tilted Quadrotor Flight Dynamic Modeling
Authors: Kuntjoro W. , R. Abdullah M. , E. M. Nasir R. , Jaafar J.
Published: July 2024

Multirotor UAV such as quadrotor is ideal for photogrammetry application due to its hovering capability and flying at low altitude. It can be used for surveillance, photography, mapping, including Search and Rescue (SAR) operations. The flight of quadrotor requires that each motor produces the propulsion force against the gravitational force. Thrust differential approach is commonly used to control the movement of quadcopter (and also other type of multirotors). Control technique using thrust differential is not ideal to maintain platform attitude. The flight mission almost rely on additional stabilizer to carry a camera for capturing accurate images. Tilted rotor is an alternative control approach suitable for better platform flight attitude, which is horizontal flight. Flight dynamic behaviour of tilted rotor platform shall be understood. This paper shows an effort of development of the quadrotor flight dynamic mathematical model based on thrust differential and rotor tilted angle. X-type tilted configuration is used. Based on three dimensional kinetic analysis, the dynamic mathematical model were derived, and presented.Â
The Effect of Magnetic Induction Spectroscopy Signal for Cylindrical Screw with Different Length
Authors: Amran M. , Daud R. , Zakaria Z. , M.K. Ali Hassan M. , I. Omar M. , Mat F.
Published: July 2024

In medical surgical procedures, screw is commonly used when it comes into internal and external fixation surgery. The size of screw, which is classified as the diameter and length of screw plays an important role to stability the bone implant fixation. Previous studies showed there is lack of investigation on screw loosening detection that brings the problem of detecting the failures of bone implant in a long bone such as femur. Detection technique of this kind of problem is important in medical technologies to ensure better healing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the received signal of electromagnetic field on the different cylinder length by employing a single channel of magnetic induction spectroscopy. This study is used to evaluate the current density distribution in the cylinder screws under the action of electromagnetic field. The diameter of cylinder screw used in this simulation study is 3mm diameter based on the medical surgery procedures and the length of cylinder focuses onto 3 different lengths (22mm, 26mm, and 30mm). The simulation of this study concludes that COMSOL Multiphysic 5.2a software with a range of frequency 1MHz to 10MHz is used. The received magnetic field and current density of each model shows that the conductivity is changed based on the geometry of the cylindrical screw.Â Â
Oriented Strand Board using Smaller Strand Size as a Core Layer
Authors: Yuziah M.Y Nor , W.M Nazri , K Jamal , S Rahim
Published: July 2024

As a direct effect of its rapid growth, Leucaena leucocephala tree could be a leading raw material for bio-based composite panels. This fast growing tree and lesser used species in the wood industry can expand the choice of raw material for production of value added products. In this study, board properties of OSB using smaller strand size ofÂ  Leucaena leucocephala as core layer, physical and mechanical properties were found to be affected significantly by board density and resin content except for MOR in minor axis. However, strand size did not affect physical and mechanical properties except for MOR in major axis. Effects of board density on the mechanical properties were found to affect significantly different. The board density showed a significant effect on thickness swelling with a positive correlation. There is no significant difference on bending properties, internal bond strength and thickness swelling between combination of strand size of S1+S3 and S2+S3. Effect of resin content on bending properties showed significant difference of MOR in major axis and MOE values in both major and minor axis. Generally all treatment of OBS passed the general requirement of general purpose OSB even when the resin is as low as 5%.Â Â
Quantifying and Comparing the Hyperelastic Properties of Skin, Leather and Silicone
Authors: Adam Mohd Adnan Zurri , Azman Yahaya Mohd , Nor Fazli Adull Manan Mohd , Mahmud Jamaluddin
Published: July 2024

Skin is the largest and an important organ of an animal or human body. Skin provides multiple important functions and it exhibits complex behaviour. The injuries due to burn, damage and accident have led to research in understanding skin behaviour as this knowledge could lead to producing good quality of synthetic skin. To date, the properties of skin are still not well quantified. Therefore, this study aims to quantify and compare the hyperelastic properties of skin, leather and silicone using three common hyperelastic constitutive models which are Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden model. The specimens were prepared using specimens template according to ASTM D2209 testing standard and tested under uniaxial tension with speed rate of 254 mm/min. The numerical analysis was performed to quantify and determine the hyperelastic material constants using the selected hyperelastic constitutive models. The material constants were determined using Excel (solver) and curve fitting technique was used to match the stress-stretch curve to experimental data. The results show that the Mooney-Rivlin model produces the best fit curve for all three specimens. Hence, it can be concluded that all the three hyperelastic models, especially Mooney-Rivlin are capable to determine the mechanical behaviour of skin, leather and silicone rubber.Â
Nanoscale Zinc Hydroxyapatite (ZnHA) Particles for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Faiz Noor Haris Noorainol , Che Murad Mardziah , Rozlin Nik Masdek Nik
Published: July 2024

The aim of this paper is to discuss the differences in the structural properties of pure hydroxyapatite (HA) and zinc hydroxyapatite (ZnHA) nanoparticles. In this current research, nanosized HA and ZnHA were synthesised via chemical precipitation method with the use of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium oxide, zinc nitrate and distilled water. The temperature during synthesis process was maintained at 90 0C while the mixture stirred vigorously. The powders were then dried in the oven and calcined in a conventional high temperature furnace at 700 0C with varied soaking time of 2 and 3 hours for comparison purposes. The synthesised HA and ZnHA powders were subsequently characterised for thermal behaviour, phase composition and morphology examination using the Thermogravimetric Analyser (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), respectively. From the XRD analysis, it was observed that the crystallinity of pure HA and ZnHA powders greatly increase after the calcination process. This can be indicated by the higher and rising intensities of the three main HA peaks in the XRD patterns. Even though the effect of soaking time during calcination did not seem very prominent from the diffraction spectra, its effect on the particle size can be seen clearly from the FESEM images. On the other hand, FESEM evaluation also shows that both HA and ZnHA nanoparticles are spherical in shape with the former powders having bigger size of particles.Â
Computational Analysis on Skull Fractures and Brain Injury using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Hazwan Mohamed Norli Mohd , Al Faiz Hilmi Mohd Al Zahari Mohammad , Hisyam Marwan Shahrul , Halim Abdullah Abdul
Published: July 2024

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a complex injury with a broad spectrum of disabilities and symptoms. Basically it happen when head is impact with certain value of force and the victim has to bear with a certain mechanism of injury. This research has investigated the potential for TBI using Finite Element (FE) analysis with rear impact on the head at different velocities. A 3D human skull and brain were presented and run through simulation in explicit dynamic analysis using commercial finite element software. The risk of skull fractures and brain injury were predicted based on the resulting maximum principal stress, shear strain and total displacement. Final objective of this research is to provide a predictive tool as FE model that can aid in injury diagnosis and design protective devices to minimize the impact effects.Â Â
Effects of Screw and Plate Positions in the Dual Plating of Distal Humerus Fixation
Authors: Hakim Noordin Luqman , Hisyam Marwan Shahrul , Halim Abdullah Abdul
Published: July 2024

Bone fractures are one of the common effects of road accident. Osteosynthesis is a surgical procedure to treat the fractures of the bones by inserting implant to restore the fracture bones to its original position and immobilizing the restored region to allow proper growth of bone. One of the main problems of an internal fixation surgery is the ability of implants to retain the original position of humerus bone without any other complications during the fractured bone development. Thus, the purposes of the study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of screw and plate positioning at the distal humerus bone. The static analysis is carried out to evaluate the effect of mechanical characteristics and stress distribution in the humerus bone by using computational design and analysis software (CATIA) and Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) software. Thus, the analysis resulted to stress/strain distributions and displacement of the humerus bone and dual plate implant respectively. Different positioning of screws shows more significant results compared to positioning of dual locking plate regarding to the stress distribution and displacement of locking plate implant which can lead to disturbance towards the growth of bone.Â Â
Combination of SVM, LDA, PCA and linear regression under fuzzy system in human face recognition
Authors: Ahammad Bulbul , Jude Rozario Liton , Majumder Anup , Imdadul Islam Md.
Published: July 2024

One of the main applications of image processing is recognition of human face. In this paper, we worked on several benchmark databases of human face to identify a person based on Linear Regression, SVM (Support Vector Machine and Viola-Jones Object detector), LDA (linear discriminant analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analysis). All the four methods are combined under Fuzzy system and we get the accuracy of 96.4% which is higher than any individual method.Â Â
Testing and manufacturing with numerical modeling of metal PTB orthosis
Authors: M.Abbas Saif , Qasim Humadi Rasha , M. Takhakh Ayad
Published: July 2024

In this work, fiber glass as a reinforcement in composite material used for manufacturing ankle foot orthoses (AFO) PTB type of metal valve with vacuum molding technique fabricated. The material was depended on 8 layers of fiber glass. The mechanical properties of the AFOsâ€™ material were studied by tensile test, and fatigue test. The results showed that the tensile strength (Ï¬ult ) for fiber glass are 224 MPa, yield strength (Ï¬y ) was 170 MPa and elongation at break 1.9mm.The gait cycle (ground reaction force (GRF)) and pressure distribution data were collected by using force plate and F-socket devices respectively for patient of age 29 years with height 185cm and weight 83kg .Heel contact time percent without PTBO equal to 5%, when wearing fiber glass PTBO equal to 59%. The midstance time percent for patient without PTBO equal to 12% when wearing PTBO equal to 34%. Solid work software program was used for PTPO modeling Also; the FEM (ANSYS ver.18.2) was used to compute the equivalent stress (Von-Mises), safety factor of fatigue and total deformation for fiber glass PTBO model. The obtained results from ANSYS gave the profile of safety factor of fatigue (1.1492).Â Â
A scale-invariant lettuce leaf area calculation using machine vision and knowledge-based methods
Authors: James M. Loresco Pocholo , P. Dadios Elmer
Published: July 2024

Leaf area is one of the most significant reference tools to characterize plant growth and predict growth stages. Scale invariance in calculating leaf area needs to be understood in the lettuce growth monitoring context. Using machine vision and knowledge-based classifiers, this research produced a system for a scale invariant area calculation of lettuce leaf area by detecting a template marker with a known area for scaling area measurements. Results showed that knowledge-based algorithm can improve the performance of the machine vision classifiers for rejecting false positives even for a limited number of training datasets. Area measurements produced by the system performed well in terms of root-mean-square error (RMSE).Â Â
Transient analysis of laminated composite shallow shell by using new higher order shear deformation theory
Authors: Ghazi Kareem Marwa , Widad I. Majeed Dr.
Published: July 2024

The present work is a transient discussion that based on the recent higher position of the shear deformation function proposed by J.L. Mantari et al [Composite Structures 94 (2011) 37â€“49] who develops the idea behind the supported cross-ply laminated shallow shell. It explains the recent hint of displacement which based on a parameter â€˜â€˜mâ€™â€™, when its worth is optimized in order to get closest outcomes of the elasticity of the 3D solutions. The transient solutions are obtained using Navier series for thick and thin anti-symmetric and symmetric cross ply laminated shallow shell. Results are provided for several designed parameters like the quantity of laminates, curvature ratio and the ratio of the thickness on the laminated combined dynamic behavior (Glass/epoxy) and hybrid (Glass/carbon/epoxy) shallow shell subjected to sinusoidal distributed load and uniformly distributed load with different types of time dependent loading such as sine pulse, triangular pulse and step pulse are studied. The accuracy of the present codes by using Matlab R2017b is verified by comparing with other works solution and Ansys 15 software.Â Â
An efficient encryption-secure communication using symmetric key
Authors: Nigar Nahida
Published: July 2024

To stop unauthorized disclosure of confidential information we need to secure our data. To secure data we need to use a secure cryptographic system. The conventional systems of data security are not suitable for multimedia as well as different data types. This paper is concerned with the development of a secure communication system which will satisfy some aspects such as reliability, maintainability, security, and user-friendliness. This project is based on the conventional method of cryptography known as symmetric key encryption technique named AES and 3DES made the system faster, better immune to attacks, greater complexity, easier encryption/decryption, and much more advanced security feature included. This project work is designed and developed for secure communication on different platforms. Unlike any other application, this software can encrypt any length of a video message, audio, text, etc. using a key and then decrypts the ciphertext with the same key to see the plaintext on the receiving end. Whatever the data is encrypted the ciphertext will be in text type which will give more security to the data because the hacker cannot guess the data type to hack. Comparing with other security based application system, the proposed system can be used for any type of communication in both online and offline.Â Â
Single phase bridgeless welding source with reduced semiconductor devices and improved power quality
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Singh Sanjeev
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a single phase bridgeless (BL) converter-based welding source with reduced semiconductor devices with improvement power quality at AC mains. The proposed BL welding source consists of two stages configuration. In first stage configuration bridgeless boost converter operated in continuous conduction mode (CCM), to achieve power factor near unity and input source current less than 5%. In second stage isolated two switch forward converter (TSWFC) is used to drive welding load with high frequency step down transformer (HFT). HFT provide electrical isolation between input supply and welding load. Output current control with short circuit handling capability is also ensured to achieve smooth and strong welding. The removal of diode bridge rectifier in BL converter at the input side, results in conduction loss reduction, increased efficiency and better thermal stability as compared to other conventional power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers. The controller performance is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK and realized on a hardware prototype for validation of proposed concepts. The obtained results are presented for demonstration of effectiveness of proposed concept.Â Â Â
Application auto-play media studio (AMS) 8 for learning media of logarithm function
Authors: Hartinah Sitti , Amaliyakh Sholikhakh Rizqi , Umam Rofiqul , Syazali Muhamad , Andriani Siska , . Mujib , Malinda Anna , Saregar Antomi , . Roslina , Lestari Fitria
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop a mathematics learning media based on Auto-play Media Studio (AMS 8) by testing the feasibility and attrac-tiveness of learning media as well as testing the effectiveness of instructional media, especially on topic of logarithmic functions. This re-search was conducted at Senior High School of Al-Huda in South Lampung, Indonesia. This research used development methods with a 4D model from Thiagarajan. The research data was obtained from a questionnaire and tests. The questionnaire validated by the consultants of media experts, was given to students, and a set of questions of the pre-test and post-test were given to the students. The results of the assessment based on learning media of Auto-play Media Studio (AMS) 8 by rating topic expertâ€™s obtained the average value of 85.77% with very good criteria, the assessment of media experts obtained an average value of 87.61% with very good criteria. The responses assessment of students to learning media obtained an average value of 81.27% with very interesting criteria, the effectiveness assessment of learning media with n-gain test using the pre-test and post-test questions on students obtained an average value of 0.71 with high criteria. Based on the analysis data obtained by researchers, it can be concluded that the mathematics learning media based on Auto-play Media Studio (AMS) 8of logarithmic functions topic in high school is interesting and effective to be used as a learning media.Â
Terrorist groups online networking tactics: Why Twitter Magnetize the youth of Saudi Arabia?
Authors: Zanuddin Hasmah , AlYousef Yazeed
Published: July 2024

In July 2013, the European Parliament distinguished Wahhabism as the fundamental wellspring of worldwide fear mongering, but then the Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia, censuring IS in the most grounded terms, has demanded that "the thoughts of fanaticism, radicalism and psychological warfare don't have a place with Islam in any capacity". Different individuals from the Saudi decision class, be that as it may, look all the more sympathetic on the development, commending its staunch restriction to Shiaism and for its Salafi devotion, its adherence to the first practices of Islam. IS' abuse of online networking and computerized system assumes a key part in its worldwide scattering of promulgation, radicalization, and enlistment. Be that as it may, deliberate research on Islamic fear monger correspondence by means of online networking is constrained. Our examination researches the inquiry: How do IS individuals/supporters utilize Twitter for fear based oppression correspondence: publicity, radicalization, and enrollment? Hypothetically, we drew on microeconomic system speculations to build up a hypothetical structure for multi-sided Twitter organizes in the worldwide Islamic psychological militant correspondence condition. Exactly, we gathered 3,039 tweets posted by @shamiwitness who was recognized in earlier research as "a data disseminator" for the IS cause. Methodologically, we performed interpersonal organization investigation, pattern and substance examinations of the tweet information. We find solid proof for Shamiwitness-intermediated multi-sided Twitter systems of worldwide broad communications, territorial Arabic broad communications, IS warriors, and IS sympathizers, supporting the structure's utility. The paper will focus on probing solutions that can guide the youth in using Twitter for a more positive approach and how can this influence be eradicated. The interview approach will be used to gather data and make the implications.
Predicting Environmental Leadership Based on Personality and Its Construct Validity
Authors: Putrawan Made
Published: July 2024

Environmental issues nowdays have been an interesting topic discussed by any institutions in most countries. One of them is concern with environmental management determined by leadership. How environmental leadership (EL) be explained and predicted by personality (EP) and how their construct validity are research problems. A survey method has been applied by involvingÂ  237 employees of government official in environmental sector, in Jakarta city, as sample selected randomly. Two instruments have been developed; Environmental Leadership (EL) and Environmental Personality (EP). Its reliability was respectively .991 (EL) and .907(EP). Data has been analyzed by regression & correlation analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) as well. Research results revealed that ony two factors of big-five personality have a positive and significant contribution toward environmental leadership, Â extraversion and openness to the experience, even though it has been applied by fourth-order correlation, it was only emotional stability did not support it. Considering to factor analysis results, either of environmental personality or environmental leadership, has a high construct validity since all factors loading did confirm theoretical dimensions empirically. There is no doubt that both instruments could be taken into consideration to be implemented scientifically, concern withÂ  environmental research.
Towards A Better Understanding of Good Faith Concept in Islamic Contract Law
Authors: Beom Choi, Seok , Hyeon Han, Nag , Khan Muhammad , Han Bae, Jung
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to clarify the concept of the duty in good faith in Islamic contract law. The principle of good faith is vital in contract law which covers the contract period ranging from pre-contractual stage of the contract to conclusion of the contract. In agreement the contractual parties would come across some pledges, such as the commitment to perform with the good faith obligation, stipulation of the required information, negotiation processâ€™s transparency, promise to cooperate and commitment not to diverge from contract and if these commitments are not fulfilled, the defaulting party has to pay some performance bonds, such as the commitment to negotiate, the duty to disclose, paying reparation for loss of position of the contract and benefit, contractâ€™s termination during the implementation phase due to the errors in the pre-contract phase. Good faith is applying to the world legal systems, which lead to the development of international law. For that reason, the elements of good faith in the civil law, the common law, international law and Islamic law are described in the following part to provide an attention for the study of good faith in more detailed. However, the main focus of the article to explores the Islamic contract law approach for this matter. Descriptive and analytical research methodology has adopted in this study in which relevant materials (verses) have been collected from the Quran, Islamic books, related research papers and web sites.
Analysing Socio-Demographic Differences in Shopperâ€™s Experiential Values: Illustration of Servicescape in Malaysia Department Store
Authors: Alias Z. , Nawi W.N.F.W.M. , Abbas M.S. , Ghani M.R.A.
Published: July 2024

How servicescape influence on demographic differences in consumersâ€™ experiential values are not extensively examined by researchers in context of department stores. The purpose of this study is to examine is there any significance on demographic differences in shoppersâ€™ experiential values towards servicescape of department stores. 558 usable questionnaires were obtained across 5 regions in Malaysia and the analysis proceeded with both descriptive analysis and inferential analysis to test the model that was developed. The results indicate that shoppersâ€™ age and income are really having a significant difference on how they experience the store environment. Meanwhile higher incomes group greater than RM9000 has a significant difference in their experience with group income of RM3001-RM5000. Group income greater than RM9000 has a different experience and perception on servicescape compared to other income groups. It indicates that the higher the incomes, the more reactive and concern to environmental contrast than those who have lower incomes. This finding will assist retailers to apprehend the effects of customersâ€™ experiential values harmonised with the demographic characteristics affecting the servicescape offering. This could directly improve servicescape development strategies to produce unique in-store environment to boost shopping experiences and consequently leads to more satisfied shoppers especially in Malaysia.
Information Real-Time Delivery (IRTD) System through the Internet of Things (IoT): An Improvement in Truck Management Environment
Authors: B Adnan H. . , K Rahimah . , M Hasnah . , Zakaria Izatul Husna
Published: July 2024

Today, logistics sector, particularly in container haulage industry, is dealing with million shipments of cargo every day, origin and destination, size, weight, content, and location are all tracked across the global delivery network. in and out containers at the port can cause the port congestion and additionally are going to affect driver to deliver the cargo to the customer at the right time. Due to that matter, container haulage invariably received lots of complaint by the customer concerning the delay of the cargo without customer grasp precisely situation that faced by a driver in order to deliver the customerâ€™s goods. The delay of this cargo may occur as a result of waiting time at the port terminal, customs clearance, road congestion, bad weather, and the breakdown of truck and shortage of driver. All this information is late received by the customer and it will affect the level of customer satisfaction. This study proposed to conduct a research about the Information Real-Time Delivery Systems IRTD through the Internet of Things (IoT) that can give the information of real-time monitoring and updated delivery systems to related parties. Thus, these papers focuses on the current process of the information notification delivery model to the related parties and resolve the uncertainties delays by redesign model of information real-time delivery system at haulage industry. Furthermore, this research will determine the utilization benefit of IRTD system at haulage industry. Business Process Redesign model will be adopted in this study as a holistic guidance about a development model of IRTD integrated IoT technology as an improvement in haulage industry environment.
Poetry Guided Speaking
Authors: Ali Shaukat , Nawib Abdullah Mohd , Rajab Azizah
Published: July 2024

This study compares the effect of traditional teaching materials exploited for teaching speaking skills in Pakistani universities and poetry guided speaking (PGS) materials on the overall speaking skill and speaking sub-skills of ESL (English as a second language) learners. The study was a quasi-experimental one having two intact groups; a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). Total number of respondents was 77,38 inCG and39 inEG. Both the groups were first year students from the faculty of biological sciences, University of Malakand, Pakistan. The age of the respondents varied from 19 to 21. CG was taught speaking skills through traditional teaching materials whereas EG was extended PGS as teaching materials for speaking skills. Pre-tests and post-tests were conducted to measure the effect of the different kinds of teaching materials on the overall speaking skill and its four sub-skills including pragmatic competence, discourse competence, fluency and grammatical competence. T-tests were applied to compare the performance of the control and experimental groups. The results of the study indicated that PGS materials were more effective in teaching speaking skills than the traditional teaching materials. The study suggests that PGS maybe be utilized to teach speaking skills in Pakistani universities.
The circular economy approach in a flexible housing project: A proposal for affordable housing solution in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Zairul, , Wamelink J.W.F (Hans) , Gruis .H. , Heintz , J.L. , Mat Nasir, Nasyairi
Published: July 2024

The demand for housing and affordable housing specifically will always become challenges for the government of the day. The solutions at the moment between conventional construction and IBS facing quality and costing problems respectively. In this article, it proposes the introduction of circular economy in a flexible housing project. To support the industrial revolution 4.0, this study is suggesting an alternative approach towards manufacturing the house as a commodity for the users. The idea of a circular economy is to reduce the price consumption by extending the lifespan of the housing unit. Towards the end, this article reports a design workshop conducted with the architects to produce a proof-of-concept of an affordable flexible house using CE (circular economy) principles. The flexible affordable house offers a solution to the lack of affordable housing and proposes alternative solutions to the problems. The study will benefit the government and Malaysians who opt for alternative housing in the future.
Indigenous Cultural Heritage Tourism in Rompin, Pahang
Authors: Said Haliza Mohd , Rahman Salbiah Abd , Latif Rohaizah Abd , Saidin Munira , Aziz Dahlia Abd
Published: July 2024

The strategic purpose of this research project is to promote cultural heritage tourism for economic development among Jakun indigenous community in the district of Rompin, Pahang. This research is to determine whether tourism is a viable economic factor that could improve the living standards of the indigenous community through the use of culture and heritage. This research process is divided into four distinct phases, the first phase is the identification of resource analysis, the second phase is the summarization of the situational analysis, while the third phase is the identification of tourism products and activities, and the fourth and final phase is the recommendation of training programs for the area. A face-to-face interview is conducted with the Jakun people in six orang asli villages located in Rompin. The researchers have identified two potential Culture and Heritage areas located in Kampung Batu 3, Sabak and Kampung Selinkong.Â  Rumah Adat, indigenous homestay, nature trail and wood handicraft has been identified as tourism products from these areas. Training programs such as homestay operator, indigenous culture performance, nature guide and making wood handicraft can be proposed.
Energy Integrated Distillation Columns Sequence (EIDC) of 5-Component Alcohol Mixture via Driving Force and Thermal Pinch Analysis Approach.
Authors: Shahruddin Munawar Zaman , Xinyi Tan , Rahimi Ahmad Nafais , Zubir Afiq , Zahran Muhammad Fakhrul Islam , Ibrahim Kamarul Asri , Hamid Mohd Kamaruddin Abd
Published: July 2024

Distillation column is a well-known unit operation to perform the intended separation task in chemical and petrochemical industries. However, the common issue for distillation column is the large energy requirement especially for multicomponent processes. Therefore, the sequence determination could be a key to solve the problem. This paper provides a methodology to produce energy integrated distillation columns sequence via driving force sequence approach. Then, it is supported by the thermal pinch analysis for further the energy saving in the process.Â  The case study selected is distillation process of 5-component alcohol mixture. Based on the input data, two sequences for distillation columns namely direct sequence and driving force sequence were firstly simulated. Then, the resulting information such as target temperature, supply temperature and energy from condensers and reboilers have been extracted for thermal pinch analysis. Lastly, the energy requirements from the analysis (before and after pinch analysis) were compared for energy saving calculation. Based on the analysis results, the driving force sequence with pinch analysis successfully enhanced the 35% of the overall energy saving. Thus, it can be said that the driving force sequence and thermal pinch analysis approach namely energy integrated distillation columns sequence has a potential for further the energy saving of the distillation columns sequence for the selected case study.
Analysis of Mineral Composition of Alteration Rock in Warm Ground and Steaming Ground in Lahendong North Sulawesi Using Sem-Edx And Ftir
Authors: Wenas Donny R. , Bujung Cyrke A.N.
Published: July 2024

This research is aimed to study the mineral composition of alterations rock in Lahendong geothermal manifestation area, North Sulawesi. This research is using Scanning Electron Microscopic-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometric (SEM-EDX) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) characterization method. The result of the characterization using SEM-EDX shows that the warm ground contained the mineral silica, while the steaming ground contained the kaolinite clay. The rock elements of the warm ground consist of O 71.90% and Si 28.10% with O dominating, this is indicate that the rocks have high porosity, while the rock elements of the steaming ground consist of O 56.86%, Al 1.94%, Si 3.52% and C 7.25% is coating material sample for energy dispersive x-ray spectrometric as penetrate in this rock sample. This result is consistent with the characterization using FTIR.
Kidâ€™s Education and Fun Courseware
Authors: Ahmad Ainul Maulid B. , Aziz Muâ€™azah Bt. Md , Abdullah Wan Mahani Bt. , Amat Mohd Aswad B. Mushim , Ishak Mohamad Izril B.
Published: July 2024

Kids Education and Fun courseware is a project developed to assist kids and preschool teacher in the phonetic language. Besides, it intended to be an additional tool to kids and preschool teacher use in classroom to expert and interested in phonetic language in more depth. Courseware is development is based on the project objectives that to design requirement of KidsEduFun, to design and develop the KidsEduFun as additional tool in learning and to test and evaluate KidsEduFun of usability testing to solve the problem statement in the project. KidsEduFun is comprises of three stages which are alphabet, phonetic and game. In the first stage, there are related to alphabet, the first step should been taken by kids is to know the alphabet. The user can get the information by clicking the button on the display screen. In the second stage, phonetic is the stage where the user can learn the alphabet sound in phonetic language. In the last stage, the user can try to answer the questions via the game provided to test their understanding. The methodologies that will be used in develop this learning program are ADDIE model. Lastly, KidsEduFun is developed to be used as additional tool to kids and preschool teacher in knowing the phonetic language. Besides that, it is able to attract students to study alphabet and phonetic language with the multimedia elements and essential for education now.
Implementation of Phase Locked Loop for FM Demodulator Circuit
Authors: Amit Deshmukh Alpana , Gamad Radheshyam , Kumar Mishra Deepak
Published: July 2024

This paper aims to implement the phase locked loop for the FM demodulator circuit in Intermediate frequency band. Implementation of the proposed design is done using Simulink; further simulation is presented using Matlab as well as a comparative analysis of VCO parameters using charge pump, linearized and baseband are discussed. Charge pump based PLL design achieved phase noise of -120 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset frequency. Paper also presented FM demodulated output for 5000 kHz sampling frequency and 2000 KHz carrier frequency at 50 Hz deviation frequency. Simulation results are reported in tabular and graphical form.Â Â