bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breaking Good: Injeção de Payloads Legítimos em Binários Maliciosos para Teste de Robustez de Antivírus contra Evasão
Authors: Lüders Gabriel , Botacin Marcus , Ceschin Fabrício , Grégio André
Published: April 2022

Antivírus (AVs) são importantes soluções de proteção e, muitas vezes, a única defesa de um sistema contra ameaças. Portanto, o teste de AVs deve considerar diversos aspectos que não apenas a taxa de detecção contra códigos conhecidamente maliciosos. Embora a referida taxa seja uma métrica popular, a resistência dos AVs em relação a ataques contra eles próprios é frequentemente negligenciada. Para suprir esta lacuna, apresentamos uma solução capaz de gerar exemplares evasivos, isto é, códigos maliciosos disfarçados de benignos, e submetê-los a um comitê de AVs de forma a avaliar a robustez destes. A solução proposta é implementada em Python e aplica múltiplas técnicas de injeção de conteúdo, tanto em binários benignos quanto em maliciosos.
Freechains: Disseminação de Conteúdo Peer-to-Peer
Authors: Sant’Anna Francisco , Bosisio Fabio , Pires Lucas
Published: April 2022

O Freechains é um sistema peer-to-peer de disseminação de mensagens por tópicos através do padrão publish-subscribe. As postagens são estruturadas em um grafo direcionado acíclico criptográfico que é imune a modificações (Merkle DAG). O grafo é disseminado par a par na rede por gossip de maneira não estruturada. O Freechains suporta múltiplos arranjos de disseminação pública e privada entre grupos e indivíduos, sendo possível modelar desde conversas privadas por e-mail, até debates entre desconhecidos em fóruns públicos. Cada tópico público conta com um sistema descentralizado de reputação para combater abusos, tais como SPAM e notícias falsas.
Sintetizador de Gramáticas para Obfuscação de Dados em Sistemas de Logs
Authors: Saffran João , Pereira Fernando Magno Quintão , Barbosa Haniel
Published: April 2022

Um evento de strings é a ocorrência de um padrão de texto produzido na saída de um programa. A captura e tratamento destes eventos de strings podem ser usados em diversas aplicações, como por exemplo, anonimização de logs, tratamento de erros e notificação dos usuários de um programa. Porém, atualmente não existe uma maneira sistemática para identificar e tratar eventos de string, cada sistema lida com este problema de maneira ad-hoc. Este trabalho formaliza o conceito de eventos de string e propõem um framework baseado em síntese de gramáticas para identificar e tratar esses eventos. Este framework é composto por: i) uma interface baseada em exemplos para especificar padrões de texto; e ii) um algoritmo de síntese de gramáticas com parsers eficientes para reconhecer estes padrões. Nós demonstramos a eficiência desta abordagem implementando o Zhefuscator, uma extensão da Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Esta ferramenta detecta padrões em texto conforme são produzidos, e os obfusca, a fim de proteger a privacidade dos dados de usuários do sistema.
Exploring the use of machine learning outlier detection algorithms for DDoS identification
Authors: Ribeiro André L. , Araújo Othávio R. C. , Maciel Caio A. C. , Oliveira Leonardo B.
Published: April 2022

Servers and users rely on safe defenses against multiple attacks. Usual practices, however, normally are unable to deal with huge distributed attacks, such as DDoS. This is a malicious practice that aims to interrupt the flow of a network causing data congestion. Moreover, DDoS is a stealthy practice, as its traffic might present similar attributes to usual ones. With this in mind, in this paper, we use unsupervised, semi-supervised, and supervised machine learning algorithms to automatically analyze a selected network, detecting possible DDoS flows using PyOD library. We evaluate each of those types of algorithms and also explore the effects of previous feature selection on them.
Avaliação dos requisitos de tempo e espaço de assinaturas digitais stateful baseadas em funções hash para blockchains
Authors: Braga José Augusto A. G. de M. , Henriques Marco A. A.
Published: April 2022

As blockchains têm sua segurança baseada, entre outras coisas, nas assinaturas digitais. Essa segurança está ameaçada pelo surgimento de um computador quântico de grande capacidade, capaz de quebrar os algoritmos de criptografia assimétrica atuais. Uma solução para esse problema é usar esquemas de assinaturas digitais baseados em funções hash, já que são robustos a ataques de um computador quântico. Esse trabalho avaliou os requisitos de tempo de execução e de espaço de quatro algoritmos de assinaturas (XMSS, LMS, XMSS MT e HSS) com duas versões cada (normal e FAST) em diversas configurações e concluímos que LMS e o HSS, ambos na versão FAST, são os mais indicados para uso em blockchains devido ao tamanho das assinaturas e o tempo de verificação.
SHARED RESEARCH FACILITIES "PETROPHYSICS, GEOMECHANICS AND PALEOMAGNETISM" OF THE SCHMIDT INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS OF THE EARTH RAS
Authors: Veselovskiy R. V. , Dubinya N. V. , Ponomarev A. V. , Fokin I. V. , Patonin A. V. , Pasenko A. M. , Fetisova A. M. , Matveev M. A. , Afinogenova N. A. , Rud'ko D. V. , Chistyakova A. V.
Published: April 2022

Shared Research Facilities "Petrophysics, Geomechanics and Paleomagnetism", created based on actively developing divisions of the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS, has advanced research equipment and unique methods, which determines the possibility of solving a wide range of applied and fundamental problems in Earth sciences. The main activities of the Shared Research Facilities "Petrophysics, Geomechanics and Paleomagnetism" are in the field of geomechanical modelling and petrophysics, paleomagnetism, rock magnetism and applied analytical studies of the composition and structure of minerals, rocks and materials. The research results carried out at the Center are used to solve actual problems of prospecting and exploration of oil and gas basins, mineral deposits, tectonics, global geodynamics and tectonophysics. The article presents the scientific equipment of the Center and its key characteristics, describes the methodological and analytical capabilities, and the most significant results of research groups.
VIBROSEISMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE BAIKAL RIFT ZONE WITH A POWERFUL CVO-100 VIBRATOR
Authors: Kovalevsky V. V. , Sobisevich A. L. , Tubanov Ts. A. , Braginskaya L. P. , Grigoryuk A. P.
Published: April 2022

The article provides an overview of vibroseismic studies carried out in the Baikal rift zone using LargeScale Research Facilities – a powerful CVO-100 seismic vibrator, installed at the South Baikal geodynamic test site SB RAS. Research is carried out according to several methods focused on different tasks: study of the structure of the Earth’s crust and upper mantle in the BRZ, active vibroseismic monitoring, and verification of velocity models of the Earth’s crust. To study the structure of the Earth’s crust and the upper mantle, there were done the vibrator-generated wavefield recordings at the stationary regional network of seismic stations in the Buryat and Baikal branches of the Federal Research Center of the GS RAS, as well as the experimental studies involving the mobile networks deployment (ICMMG SB RAS, SIPE RAS, GIN SB RAS). The aim of the work is to carry out deep vibroseismic sounding of the Earth’s crust (vibro-DSS) at the junction of the Siberian platform, the BRZ and the Sayan-Baikal folded area. The methodology is based on the study of vibration seismograms with the determination of arrival times of the main groups of waves and their correlation with the velocity models of the Earth’s crust in the BRZ. A CVO-100 vibrator and a regional network of seismic stations are used to carry out active vibroseismic monitoring of the southern part of the BRZ. The active monitoring area is about 500×200 km. During vibroseismic monitoring, there were done thorough studies of seasonal variations of the vibrator-generated wavefield and the development of techniques for spectral correction of seismograms. A seismic vibrator CVO-100 was used to carry out experimental verification of the velocity models of the Earth’s crust, developed based on the BEST and PASSCAL experimental data. The vibrational deep seismic sounding (vibro-DSS) on the Baikal – Ulan Bator profile was carried out by the ICMMG SB RAS, GIN SB RAS and BB FRC GS RAS (Russia) in cooperation with IAG MAN (Mongolia).
STEPWISE SELECTIVE LEACHING OF THE MARINE FERROMANGANESE FORMATIONS FOR DETERMINING THEIR PHASE COMPOSITION: EXPERIENCE OF THE TECHNIQUE APPLICATION IN THE CENTER FOR COLLECTIVE USE OF FEGI FEB RAS
Authors: Blokhin M. G. , Zarubina N. V. , Ivanova Yu. M. , Mikhailik P. E. , Ivanov V. V.
Published: April 2022

This paper considers chemical and analytical aspects of the preparation of samples of marine ferromanganese deposits (FMD) by stepwise selective leaching to determine their phase composition. The behaviour of samples with different mineral and chemical compositions at various stages of their preparation was studied on the base of the FMD sample from the Eastern Pacific. The paper shows the necessity of further scanning-electron-microscopy (SEM) method-based research to control the complete dissolution of Fe compounds responsible for accumulating trace elements, which are geochemical indicators.
COSEISMIC EFFECTS OF THE 11 JANUARY 2021 HOVSGOL, MONGOLIA, EARTHQUAKE
Authors: Lukhnev A. V. , Lukhneva O. F. , Sankov V. A. , Miroshnichenko A. I.
Published: April 2022

The research provides an example of the GPS time series processing for monitoring of horizontal coseismic displacements during the 11 January 2021 M 6.7 Hovsgol earthquake, Mongolia. There has been developed a methodological approach to the study of coseismic displacements at the time of the earthquake. This paper presents the results of determining the values of horizontal coseismic displacements which are 0.6 mm in the junction zone between the Hovsgol and Tunka depressions and hundredths of a millimeter for the Siberian block and Transbaikalia areas. For stations located on the southern margin of the Siberian block and stations in Transbaikalia, the vectors of coseismic displacements are directed to the west. The calculated displacement vectors of the stations near the epicenter (MNDY and BADG) are directed to the southeast.
The Association Between Adenovirus Infection and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case-Control Study in Iran
Authors: Zangouey Mohammad Reza , Zahedi Mohammad Javad , Mirzaee Moghadameh , Yari Abolfazl , Aalipour Mostafa , Mohammadi Mohammad Mahdi
Published: April 2022

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder. The precise etiology of this disease is not clear, but some reports have indicated the role of infectious agents in the incidence of the disease. Objectives: Because of the potential role of viruses in the incidence of the disease, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the frequency of colonic adenovirus infection in both IBS and control subjects. Methods: Stool and serum samples were collected from 40 IBS patients and 40 healthy individuals. Immunochemical detection of adenovirus (anti-adenoviral IgG and IgM monoclonal antibodies) was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), adenovirus viral load was evaluated in the stool samples. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Differences among the mean concentrations of anti-adenovirus IgM and anti-adenovirus IgG in IBS patients and healthy controls were not statistically significant (P = 0.764 and P = 0.910, respectively). Adenovirus DNA was detected in 37 patients (92.5%) and 35 healthy controls (87.5 %) with varying viral loads ranging from 0.150 to 0.225 (according to the standard curve). Viral loads showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (P = 0.958). Our findings showed no significant relationship between the presence of adenovirus infection and IBS. Conclusions: Adenovirus DNA is almost always detectable in stool samples of IBS and control subjects. Adenoviruses are unlikely to play a significant role in the incidence of IBS. However, further studies are necessary to confirm our results or clarify the role of other gastrointestinal viruses in IBS.
The Afrotropical species of Habritella Girault & Dodd (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
Authors: Mitroiu Mircea-Dan
Published: April 2022

The previously endemic Australian genus Habritella Girault & Dodd, 1915 is reported for the first time in the Afrotropical region with four new species: H. africana sp. nov., H. mandibulata sp. nov., H. noyesi sp. nov., and H. viridifrons sp. nov. The males of Habritella are described for the first time. A new generic synonymy and combination are also proposed: Ezgia Koçak & Kemal, 2008 syn. nov. and H. stylifera (Bouček, 1988) comb. nov. Habritella is redescribed to accommodate the newly discovered and transferred species. An illustrated key to the Afrotropical species is provided.
“Deus abençoe o nosso Brasil” - recomendações para o retorno às aulas presenciais das crianças: a travessia da biopolítica à necropolítica
Authors: Ratusniak Célia , Silva Vanderlete Pereira da
Published: April 2022

O artigo discute a travessia das escolas públicas que atendem crianças pela pandemia da COVID-19. Problematiza o discurso do ministro da educação, tomando-o como um exemplo de pós-verdade que cria um cenário de segurança sanitária para convencer o retorno às aulas presenciais. O texto mapeia as distorções, invenções e interpretações equivocadas de dados, estratégias para produzir a pós-verdade, apresentadas pelo MEC, pela SEED/PR e pela SEDUC/AM, contrapondo esses discursos com dados que apresentam o cenário real da pandemia no Brasil, retirados do Ministério da Saúde, de revistas científicas e agências oficias de notícias. Considera a decisão do retorno imediato uma tentativa de esconder a situação do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE), bem como a falta de planejamento e investimento nas condições sanitárias recomendadas, expostas em documentos e pesquisas oficiais. Para construir essa tese, busca na Sinopse Estatística do Questionário Resposta Educacional à Pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, Educação Básica dados que mostram alguns aspectos do ERE na rede municipal brasileira, paranaense e amazonense, que concentram grande parte das matrículas de crianças. Para fundamentar a análise, utiliza os conceitos de biopolítica e de necropolítica, que acionam o racismo de Estado. Conclui que o argumento da defesa do futuro das crianças legitima a exposição delas, de suas famílias e profissionais da escola onde trabalham, deixando morrer populações subalternizadas.
L’augmentation en France des violences intrafamiliales en période de pandémie. De quoi parle-t-on?
Authors: Stettinger Vanessa
Published: April 2022

Différentes données statistiques attestent d’une augmentation des violences intrafamiliales à la suite du premier confinement en France. Pour mieux comprendre ces données, il sera question dans cet article des violences existant au sein des familles vivant dans la pauvreté avant la pandémie, qu’elles soient ancrées dans un “habitus” de classe, conséquences des effets de la pauvreté ou encore des souffrances vécues par les individus. Par conséquent, la pandémie ayant fragilisé les populations les plus démunies, il est probable que les violences liées au contexte social aient augmenté plus que d’autres depuis la pandémie.
Monitoring of seed counter in 1000 seed weight testing
Authors: Milivojević Marija , Vujinović Jasna , Branković-Radojčić Dragana , Vukadinović Radmila , Petrović Tanja
Published: April 2022

Accuracy and random selection of seeds when testing the 1000 seeds weight in the laboratory is of great importance in order to ensure the representativeness of the sample and precise information for further packaging process. The aim of this research was to check whether the laboratory seed counter selects seeds by shape and size and whether there is a trend during operation at maximum and reduced speed. Ten species of different seed sizes were used. Ten replicates of 100 seeds were counted by counter, the number of seeds was manually checked and the weight measured. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the counter is precise, but weight results showed selection of smaller seeds (Capsicum annuum and Glycine max) at maximum counting speed. Trend of larger seed selection was observed in Medicago sativa and pelleted Beta vulgaris. Slower counting (50% of the maximum speed), is ensured precise counting without trends.
Renewal of the domestic Symphonism of the 1960s in the works of young Leningrad composers
Authors: Serov Iurii Eduardovich
Published: April 2022

The subject of the study is the period of Russian symphonic music of the 1960s. A new generation of "sixties" composers has entered the Soviet music scene, imperiously declaring themselves with bright creative achievements, fresh and modern musical language. The epoch of the turning point dictated a new reality, required new artistic thinking, generated diverse creative ideas. The panorama of Russian music was quite colorful, many things in art appeared and disappeared very rapidly, stylistic pluralism, lost at the dawn of Soviet power, returned to the music scene. Special attention is paid to the works of composers of the Leningrad school вЂ” S. Slonimsky, Y. Falik, L. Prigozhin and V. Gavrilin. All of them opened new stylistic horizons and absorbed into their sound orbit the main trends of modern music, including the conquests of the Western avant-garde. В  The scientific novelty of the work consists in the fact that the author examines the bright and original works of young Leningrad authors in the context of stylistic and linguistic innovations of the 1960s. The article analyzes the role and place of "Sixties" composers in the struggle for "new music". The main conclusion of the article is the idea that the period of musical renewal of the 1960s under consideration turned out to be extremely saturated with the most complex and diverse problems: ideological, general aesthetic, musical style. S. Slonimsky, Y. Falik, L. Prigozhin, V. Gavrilin became undisputed leaders in the renewal of Russian music of the second half of the twentieth century, and their works-"symbols" fully reflected the intense search of the post-war generation of Soviet composers.
Differences in lower limb muscle activation between global and selective instability devices in single-leg stance in healthy active subjects
Authors: Sánchez-Barbadora Mariana , Cuerda-Del Pino Alba , González-Rosalén Javier , Moreno-Segura Noemi , Escriche-Escuder Adrian , Martín-San Agustín Rodrigo
Published: April 2022

Background

Balance and strength training are frequent strategies to address lower limb injuries, including ankle injuries, which are usually performed in single-leg stance on global instability devices, producing generalized muscular activation of the lower limb. In this context, new specific instability devices arise from the need to selectively work the ankle, specifically the peroneus longus. This study aimed to compare the EMG muscle activation of the peroneus longus, as well as other lower limbs muscles, in a single-leg stance on different balance training devices (BOSU, wobble board, power board, and Blackboard) in standing or squatting positions.

Methods

Twenty healthy recreationally trained subjects participated in the study. Subjects performed three repetitions of 15 s (one for familiarization and two for measurement) in standing and squatting positions on the floor, BOSU, wobble board, power board, and Blackboard. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to record activity of the peroneus longus, soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris, and gluteus maximus.

Results

The main outcome was that no differences were found for the peroneus longus normalized EMG, neither between devices (p = 0.09) nor between conditions (p = 0.11), nor in the interaction between them (p = 0.16). For the normalized EMG of the other muscles, there were multiple differences between devices and conditions. Of the devices studied, the Blackboard was the one that implied a lower activation of the lower limb muscles and a lower degree of instability, activating the peroneus longus similarly to global instability devices. The BOSU and wobble board achieved high levels of EMG muscle activation for most muscles of the lower limbs. Therefore, they should be considered as potential devices for work in highly unstable conditions or when high activation levels are sought.
Modeling the influence of multiskilled construction workers in the context of the covid-19 pandemic using an agent-based ap-proach
Authors:   Departamento de Obras Civiles, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso (Chile), Araya Felipe
Published: April 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, construction projects have struggled to be completed. As such, it is necessary to find alternatives that optimize the limited human resources that can be working on construction sites. One alternative to do so is using multiskilled workers so workers can be reassigned to construction activities minimizing projects’ disruption due to workers getting contagion with COVID-19. This study simulates the influence of multiskilled workers in the development of a construction project in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic using an agent-based modeling approach. The aim of the study is to quantify the influence of multiskilled workers in the deficit of construction workers due to COVID-19. The proposed model generates six scenarios to include the uncertainty from limited data from the field due to the pandemic context to quantify the deficit of workers to develop a construction project. This study found that using multiskilled workers reduces the deficit of workers required to perform critical activities in construction projects. More specifically, it can reduce the average deficit of workers roughly in half when compared with the alternative of using only single-skilled workers, from 33.4% to 16.7% of deficit. Consequently, multiskilled workers represents an alternative for construction managers to deal with the disruption from COVID-19 in construction projects from a workforce management standpoint. Understanding alternatives to minimize the impacts of COVID-19 in construction projects may assist engineers and managers in applying strategies to develop construction projects accounting the limitations that COVID-19 places on construction sites.
Compressive resistance level effect on impact performance of fi-ber reinforced concrete
Authors:   CONICET, LEMIT and Faculty of Engineering UNLP, Buenos Aires (Argentina), Vivas Juan Carlos
Published: April 2022

impact resistance represents a key property of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). To study this property, a test method was recently proposed; which consists in repeated drops of a projectile on simply supported prisms, and allows to evaluate FRC behavior both at cracking and after cracking. With the aim of verifying the sensitiveness of this method, this paper analyzes the influence of the compressive strength of the FRC matrix on each parameter of the impact test. Three FRC incorporating 30 kg/m3 of hooked-end steel fibers were prepared, varying the water/cement ratio (0.59, 0.50 and 0.43). It was found that although only small effects on the cracking energy were observed as the concrete compressive strength increases, the post-cracking energy increased in a greater proportion. However, the cracking growth rate, an impact parameter strongly sensitive to the type and content of fibers, remained practically constant for different compressive strength levels.
Numerical investigation of the lateral load behavior of core and coupled rocking walls
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul (Turkey), Sari Ali , Sorosh Shokrullah ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul (Turkey)
Published: April 2022

During last few decades, the researchers have developed new structural systems which have no or minor damage after being hit by severe events like earthquake. Development of self-centering wall having alternative energy dissipation mechanisms was one of these achievements. A wide variety of rocking wall systems, such as jointed walls, hybrid walls, precast walls with end columns (PreWEC), and PreWEC core wall systems, are proposed and studied. This paper describes an analytical investigation of the lateral load behavior of two new types of hybrid rocking wall systems. Core rocking wall is achieved by merging four single hybrid rocking walls and coupled rocking wall is accomplished by coupling two rocking walls using embedded reinforced concrete beams. The concept of coupling hybrid rocking walls using embedded reinforced coupling beam is emerged from previous coupled conventional shear walls studies. As single rocking wall system, in coupled and core rocking wall, post-tensioning tendons are used as a mean to provide self-centering force, and mild steel bars are used to dissipate energy. The nonlinear behavior of the wall is due to the gap opening at the base joint. Three-dimensional finite element model of each system was developed. The stress distribution, crack propagation, and critical sections of these systems are investigated. The effect of spalling concrete cover in the toe region due to rocking action is explained. In addition, the reduction in stiffness and lateral load resisting capacity of the systems due to cracks is monitored. Finally, the lateral load behavior of single rocking walls is compared to that of core and coupled rocking wall systems.
Experimental evaluation of the usability of palm tree pruning waste (PTPW) as an alternative to geotextile
Authors:   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Osmaniye (Turkey), Kaplan Ebubekir , Kayadelen Cafer ,   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Osmaniye (Turkey), Öztürk Mitat ,   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Osmaniye (Turkey), Önal Yakup ,   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Osmaniye (Turkey), Altay Gökhan ,   Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Osmaniye (Turkey)
Published: April 2022

This paper focuses on serving twofold benefits for the environment by providing not only recycling of a waste material but also improving rutting performance of sand subgrade under cyclic traffic loads. In this context, a series of laboratory experiments have been conducted to benchmark the performance of commercially manufactured geotextile and palm tree pruning waste (PTPW) as soil improvement agents. Experimental results of the study were evaluated based on permanent (plastic), total, and elastic deformation, rut depth reduction (RDR), traffic benefit ratio (TBR), percentage of elastic deformation, and resilient modulus (MR). In the view of experimental results, geotextile and PTPW-reinforced sand subgrades demonstrated well performance in the sense of permanent and elastic deformations when compared to unreinforced case. It is also realized that the most satisfactory performance was obtained when geotextile or PTPW are located at a burial depth of both 50 mm and 100 mm. In that case, TBR values of geotextile and PTPW-reinforced subgrades were almost the same at 20 mm permanent deformation (i.e., 6.71 and 6.76, respectively). Furthermore, when the results were evaluated based on RDR, it is observed that geotextile and PTPW reinforcements reduced the rut depth at the rate of 49.31 % and 37.15 % at the end of 5000 load cycle, respectively.
Relações entre a espiritualidade organizacional e o comprometimento organizacional
Authors: Ferreira Adriane de Morais , Abbas El-Aouar Walid , Silva Arthur William Pereira da , Brunni Cartaxo de Castro Ahiram
Published: April 2022

Este estudo objetivou identificar como as dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional se relacionam com as dimensões do comprometimento organizacional em uma instituição de ensino brasileira. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa se configura como quantitativa e exploratória, tratando-se de uma survey. A amostra compreendeu o total de 588 servidores públicos da instituição pesquisada (IFRN). Os dados foram coletados por meio de escalas baseadas nos estudos de Rego, Cunha & Souto (2005), no caso da espiritualidade organizacional, e no modelo de conceitualização de três componentes de Meyer & Allen (1996), no caso do comprometimento organizacional. Os dados coletados foram tratados e analisados por meio da análise das medidas de posição, dispersão e do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r). Os achados do estudo apontam para a existência de correlações positivas e estatisticamente significantes entre duas dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional (as dimensões “alinhamento do indivíduo com os valores da organização” e “alegria no trabalho”) e uma dimensão do comprometimento organizacional (a dimensão “comprometimento organizacional afetivo”). Assim, obteve-se evidências que a implementação de modelos de gestão que considerem as dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional, podem contribuir para a melhoria do comprometimento organizacional afetivo dos colaboradoresEste estudo objetivou identificar como as dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional se relacionam com as dimensões do comprometimento organizacional em uma instituição de ensino brasileira. Em relação aos procedimentos metodológicos, a pesquisa se configura como quantitativa e exploratória, tratando-se de uma survey. A amostra compreendeu o total de 588 servidores públicos da instituição pesquisada (IFRN). Os dados foram coletados por meio de escalas baseadas nos estudos de Rego, Cunha & Souto (2005), no caso da espiritualidade organizacional, e no modelo de conceitualização de três componentes de Meyer & Allen (1996), no caso do comprometimento organizacional. Os dados coletados foram tratados e analisados por meio da análise das medidas de posição, dispersão e do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r). Os achados do estudo apontam para a existência de correlações positivas e estatisticamente significantes entre duas dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional (as dimensões “alinhamento do indivíduo com os valores da organização” e “alegria no trabalho”) e uma dimensão do comprometimento organizacional (a dimensão “comprometimento organizacional afetivo”). Assim, obteve-se evidências que a implementação de modelos de gestão que considerem as dimensões da espiritualidade organizacional, podem contribuir para a melhoria do comprometimento organizacional afetivo dos colaboradores.
Empreender ou não? Eis a questão! Análise da Intenção Empreendedora dos universitários de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino
Authors: Do Nascimento Silva Laíse , Dos Santos Silva Barroso Elane , Israel Lima Teixeira Linnik , Antonio Cavalcante de Oliveira Júnior Marcos
Published: April 2022

O empreendedorismo tem se alavancado nas instituições de ensino cujo intuito consiste no incentivo das práticas empreendedoras junto aos discentes. Modelos teóricos como o da Intenção Empreendedora tem sido comumente aplicado com estudantes universitários na busca de investigar o seu comportamento empreendedor e sua ação empreendedora no âmbito universitário. Posto isto, o presente trabalho objetivou analisar a configuração da Intenção Empreendedora dos discentes dos cursos superiores do Instituto Federal do Piauí, contemplando o Bacharelado em Administração e Tecnólogo em Design de Moda do campus Piripiri a partir do modelo Teórico do Comportamento Planejado (TCP) desenvolvido por Ajzen (1991) e validado no Brasil por Hecke (2011). Para isso, utilizou-se uma metodologia de abordagem quantitativa e a pesquisa de campo enquanto procedimento técnico com uso das ferramentas excel, google forms e SPSS para investigação. Os resultados apontaram que os discentes possuem tendência a empreender. Os construtos Atitudes, Normas Subjetivas, Controle Comportamental Percebido e Intenção Empreendedora tiveram médias significativas. A análise fatorial revelou que o modelo possui potencial explicativo e o modelo de equação estrutural evidenciou relações positivas da Atitude e Comportamento sobre a Intenção Empreendedora. Conclui-se que as hipóteses H1 e H3 apresentadas foram confirmadas e a hipótese H2 rejeitada. A Intenção Empreendedora figura positivamente entre os discentes denotando a importância da disciplina de empreendedorismo e a perspectiva trazida para a prática empreendedora no interior das universidades.
Inflammatory Subcutaneous Pseudotumour due to Migrating Foreign Body through Concealed Colonic Perforation: A Case Report
Authors: Jadhav Vikas , Rangankar Varsha , Singh Anmol , Lamghare Purnachandra , Kallely Merry Francis
Published: April 2022

Foreign body ingestion though a common occurrence, rarely leads to bowel perforation. Thus, foreign body migration presents a diagnostic challenge. The author presents a case report of a 75-year-old female with a inflammatory subcutaneous pseudotumour due to migrating foreign body through a concealed colonic perforation. The patient presented with insidious abdominal pain and fever since two months, with local tenderness and palpable lumbar in right lumbar region on examination. The diagnosis was initially made on ultrasound and confirmed on Computed Tomography (CT). Surgical removal of the foreign body was done.
Assessing workplace civility: Validity and 1-year test-retest reliability of a Japanese version of the CREW Civility Scale
Authors: Tsuno Kanami , Shimazu Akihito , Osatuke Katerine , Shimada Kyoko , Ando Emiko , Inoue Akiomi , Kurioka Sumiko , Kawakami Norito
Published: April 2022

Objectives

This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the eight-item CREW Civility Scale which measures workplace civility norms and compare the civility scores among various occupations.

Methods

A longitudinal study included all employees in a social care organization (N = 658) and a cross-sectional study included all civil servants in one city (N = 3242) in Japan. Structural validity was tested through confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Construct validity was assessed through Pearson's correlations of civility with other variables. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha and 1-year test-retest reliability was assessed by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).

Results

The results of CFA showed an acceptable level of model fit (TLI =0.929; CFI =0.949; and SRMR =0.034). CREW Civility Scale scores were significantly positively correlated with supervisor support, co-worker support, and work engagement, while significantly negatively correlated with incivility, workplace bullying, intention to leave, and psychological distress, which were consistent with our hypotheses. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.93 and ICC was 0.52. Younger, high-educated, and managerial employees and, childminder/nursery staff reported higher civility. High school graduates and respondents who did not graduate from high school, part-time employees, nurses, paramedical staff, and care workers reported lower civility.

Conclusions

The Japanese version of the CREW Civility scale is a reliable, valid measure of civility, appropriate for Japanese workplaces as well as for use in multi-national studies alongside other existing versions of this scale in English, Portuguese and Farsi.
Dosimetric considerations for moldable silicone composites used in radiotherapy applications
Authors: Aldosary Ghada , Belec Jason , Foottit Claire , Vandervoort Eric
Published: April 2022

Due to their many favorable characteristics, moldable silicone (MS) composites have gained popularity in medicine and recently, in radiotherapy applications. We investigate the dosimetric properties of silicones in radiotherapy beams and determine their suitability as water substitutes for constructing boluses and phantoms. Two types of silicones were assessed (= 1.04 g/cm3 and = 1.07 g/cm3). Various dosimetric properties were characterized, including the relative electron density, the relative mean mass energy‐absorption coefficient, and the relative mean mass restricted stopping power. Silicone slabs with thickness of 1.5 cm and 5.0 cm were molded to mimic a bolus setup and a phantom setup, respectively. Measurements were conducted for Co‐60 and 6 MV photon beams, and 6 MeV electron beams. The doses at 1.5 cm and 5.0 cm depths in MS were measured with solid water (SW) backscatter material (DMS–SW), and with a full MS setup (DMS–MS), then compared with doses at the same depths in a full SW setup (DSW–SW). Relative doses were reported as DMS–SW/DMS–SW and DMS–MS/DSW–SW. Experimental results were verified using Monaco treatment planning system dose calculations and Monte Carlo EGSnrc simulations. Film measurements showed varying dose ratios according to MS and beam types. For photon beams, the bolus setup DMS–SW/DSW–SW exhibited a 5% relative dose reduction. The dose for 6 MV beams was reduced by nearly 2% in a full MS setup. Up to 2% dose increase in both scenarios was observed for electron beams. Compared with dose in SW, an interface of MS–SW can cause relatively high differences. We conclude that it is important to characterize a particular silicone's properties in a given beam quality prior to clinical use. Because silicone compositions vary between manufacturers and differ from water/SW, accurate dosimetry using these materials requires consideration of the reported differences.
Structural Phase Transitions between Layered Indium Selenide for Integrated Photonic Memory
Authors: Li Tiantian , Wang Yong , Li Wei , Mao Dun , Benmore Chris J. , Evangelista Igor , Xing Huadan , Li Qiu , Wang Feifan , Sivaraman Ganesh , Janotti Anderson , Law Stephanie , Gu Tingyi
Published: April 2022

The primary mechanism of optical memoristive devices relies on phase transitions between amorphous and crystalline states. The slow or energy‐hungry amorphous–crystalline transitions in optical phase‐change materials are detrimental to the scalability and performance of devices. Leveraging an integrated photonic platform, nonvolatile and reversible switching between two layered structures of indium selenide (In2Se3) triggered by a single nanosecond pulse is demonstrated. The high‐resolution pair distribution function reveals the detailed atomistic transition pathways between the layered structures. With interlayer “shear glide” and isosymmetric phase transition, switching between the α‐ and β‐structural states contains low re‐configurational entropy, allowing reversible switching between layered structures. Broadband refractive index contrast, optical transparency, and volumetric effect in the crystalline–crystalline phase transition are experimentally characterized in molecular‐beam‐epitaxy‐grown thin films and compared to ab initio calculations. The nonlinear resonator transmission spectra measure of incremental linear loss rate of 3.3 GHz, introduced by a 1.5 µm‐long In2Se3‐covered layer, resulted from the combinations of material absorption and scattering.
Identification of the Stable Pt Single Sites in the Environment of Ions: From Mechanism to Design Principle
Authors: Chen Fangyuan , Sun Wenming , Zhang Dongpeng , Guo Fa , Zhan Sihui , Shen Zhurui
Published: April 2022

For single‐atom (SA)‐based catalysis, it is urgent to understand the nature and dynamic evolution of SA active sites during the reactions. In this work, an example of Pt SA‐Zn0.5Cd0.5S (Pt SA‐ZCS) is found to display interesting phenomena when facing the Brownian collision of ions in aqueous photocatalysis. Via synchrotron radiation, surface techniques, microscopy, and theory calculations, the results show that two kinds of Pt sites exist: PtZn‐sub‐S3 (Pt substituting the Zn site) and Ptads‐S2 (Pt adsorbing on the surface). In Na2S, the S2− can coordinate with Pt atoms and peel them from the Ptads‐S2 sites, but leaves more stable PtZn‐sub‐S3 sites, bringing a low but stable catalytic activity (19.40 mmol g−1 h−1). Meanwhile, in ascorbic acid, the ascorbic acid ions show less complex ability with Pt atoms, but can decrease the migration barrier of Ptads‐S2 sites (67.18 down to 35.96 mmol g−1 h−1, 52.03% drop after 6 h). Therefore, the Ptads‐S2 sites gradually aggregate into nanoclusters, bringing a high but decayed catalytic activity. Moreover, a Pt SA‐ZCS‐Sulfur composite is designed mainly covered by PtZn‐sub‐S3 sites accordingly (max: 79.09 mmol g−1 h−1, 5% drop after 6 h and QE: 14.0% at 420 nm), showing a beneficial strategy “from mechanism to design principle.”
An Artificial Tactile Neuron Enabling Spiking Representation of Stiffness and Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Lee Junseok , Kim Seonjeong , Park Seongjin , Lee Jaesang , Hwang Wonseop , Cho Seong Won , Lee Kyuho , Kim Sun Mi , Seong Tae‐Yeon , Park Cheolmin , Lee Suyoun , Yi Hyunjung
Published: April 2022

Mechanical properties of biological systems provide useful information about the biochemical status of cells and tissues. Here, an artificial tactile neuron enabling spiking representation of stiffness and spiking neural network (SNN)‐based learning for disease diagnosis is reported. An artificial spiking tactile neuron based on an ovonic threshold switch serving as an artificial soma and a piezoresistive sensor as an artificial mechanoreceptor is developed and shown to encode the elastic stiffness of pressed materials into spike frequency evolution patterns. SNN‐based learning of ultrasound elastography images abstracted by spike frequency evolution rate enables the classification of malignancy status of breast tumors with a recognition accuracy up to 95.8%. The stiffness‐encoding artificial tactile neuron and learning of spiking‐represented stiffness patterns hold a great promise for the identification and classification of tumors for disease diagnosis and robot‐assisted surgery with low power consumption, low latency, and yet high accuracy.
Insights into the Mechanism of Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Allylic Alkylation of Cyclopropanols
Authors: Kitabayashi Akito , Mizushima Sho , Higashida Kosuke , Yasuda Yuto , Shimizu Yohei , Sawamura Masaya
Published: April 2022

Enantioselective copper‐catalyzed ring‐opening allylic alkylation of a cyclopropanol with an allyl phosphate was developed using a phenol‐NHC chiral ligand. DFT calculations indicated that a copper homoenolate is formed via Li−Cu bimetallic activation of a cyclopropoxide and that syn‐SN2’ attack of the Cu center of the homoenolate to the allyl phosphate followed by facile C−C bond formation affords the β‐allylated ketone. Noncovalent interaction analysis showed that the enantiocontrol is achieved by the synergy of electrostatic interactions among Cu, Li, and O atoms, C−H⋅⋅⋅O interactions, and C−H/π London dispersions.

magnified image
Photocatalytic Quantum Dot‐Armed Bacteriophage for Combating Drug‐Resistant Bacterial Infection
Authors: Wang Lei , Fan Xin , Gonzalez Moreno Mercedes , Tkhilaishvili Tamta , Du Weijie , Zhang Xianlong , Nie Chuanxiong , Trampuz Andrej , Haag Rainer
Published: April 2022

Multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is one of the greatest challenges to public health, a crisis demanding the next generation of highly effective antibacterial agents to specifically target MDR bacteria. Herein, a novel photocatalytic quantum dot (QD)‐armed bacteriophage (QD@Phage) is reported for combating green fluorescent protein‐expressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa (GFP‐P. aeruginosa) infection. The proposed QD@Phage nanosystem not only specifically binds to the host GFP‐P. aeruginosa while preserving the infectivity of the phage itself, but also shows a superior capacity for synergistic bacterial killing by phage and by the photocatalytic localized reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from anchored QD components. Notably, this highly targeted QD@Phage nanosystem achieves robust in vitro antibacterial elimination for both planktonic (over 99.9%) and biofilm (over 99%) modes of growth. In a mouse wound infection model, this system also shows remarkable activity in eliminating the wound infection and promoting its recovery. These results demonstrate that the novel QD@Phage nanosystem can diversify the existing pool of antibacterial agents and inspire the development of promising therapeutic strategies against MDR bacterial infection.
Anti‐Oxidative and Anti‐Inflammatory Micelles: Break the Dry Eye Vicious Cycle
Authors: Li Su , Lu Zhouyu , Huang Yue , Wang Yin , Jin Qiao , Shentu Xingchao , Ye Juan , Ji Jian , Yao Ke , Han Haijie
Published: April 2022

Dry eye disease (DED) impacts ≈30% of the world's population and causes serious ocular discomfort and even visual impairment. Inflammation is one core cause of the DED vicious cycle, a multifactorial deterioration in DED process. However, there are also reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulating inflammation and other points in the cycle from the upstream, leading to treatment failure of current therapies merely targeting inflammation. Accordingly, the authors develop micelle‐based eye drops (more specifically p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) inhibitor Losmapimod (Los)‐loaded and ROS scavenger Tempo (Tem)‐conjugated cationic polypeptide micelles, designated as MTem/Los) for safe and efficient DED management. Cationic MTem/Los improve ocular retention of conjugated water‐soluble Tem and loaded water‐insoluble Los via electrostatic interaction with negatively charged mucin on the cornea, enabling an increase in therapeutic efficiency and a decrease in dosing frequency. Mechanistically, MTem/Los effectively decrease ROS over‐production, reduce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, restrain macrophage proinflammatory phenotypic transformation, and inhibit cell apoptosis. Therapeutically, the dual‐functional MTem/Los suppress the inflammatory response, reverse corneal epithelial defect, save goblet cell dysfunction, and recover tear secretion, thus breaking the vicious cycle and alleviating the DED. Moreover, MTem/Los exhibit excellent biocompatibility and tolerability for potential application as a simple and rapid treatment of oxidative stress‐ and inflammation‐induced disorders, including DED.
Fabrication of luminescent patterns using aggregation‐induced emission molecules by an electrolytic micelle disruption approach
Authors: Zhou Yaqian , Villani Elena , Kurioka Tomoyuki , Zhang Yanyun , Tomita Ikuyoshi , Inagi Shinsuke
Published: April 2022

Herein, we report an electrochemical strategy that could control the location of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules on patterned electrodes in a precise and facile way, producing photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent patterns with a variety of colors. A micelle composed of electroactive surfactants was broken during the electrooxidation process, in which AIE molecules inside these micelles were released on patterned electrodes. These patterned electrodes were pretreated by not only metal, but also multifarious conducting polymers (CPs). An in‐depth investigation clarified a correlation between the variety of CPs used as electrodes and the oxidation rate of the electroactive surfactant due to different catalytic performances of CPs. Furthermore, combined with wireless and gradient features of bipolar electrochemistry, a gradient luminescent pattern was easily achieved. The current studies suggest more abundant luminescent patterns using AIE luminophores can be developed by such an electrochemical method, in both of graphical shapes and emitting colors.