Technological Drivers of User-Generated Content in Local Film and Television Production in Kenya
Authors: Mulinya Sheila , Ndavula John , Mutua Joan 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of technological factors of user-generated content (UGC) such as the accessibility of digital devices, internet connectivity as well as social media usage to on the quality, quantity and diversity and budgets of local film and TV production in Kenya.
Methodology: The study used a descriptive cross-sectional mixed-methods design to examine the influence of technological factors of UGC on local film and TV production in Kenya. The target population was 2,716 local film, TV producers and UGC creators on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok. A sample of 384 respondents were selected using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Qualitative data was collected through interviews with 24 key informants from the local film and TV production industry, KFC, KFCB, KECOBO, DFS and CA who were selected using purposive sampling. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using both the descriptive analysis (percentages) and inferential statistical analysis (correlation, regression and ANOVA) methods. The analyzed data was presented in graphs and tables and was also interpreted statistically.
Findings: The findings revealed that 71% of respondents agreed that digital devices are accessible, with 88.5% highlighting their ease of use, which has democratized content creation and enabled wider participation. Reliable internet connectivity was viewed as essential by 78.6% of respondents, with 41.6% strongly agreeing that uninterrupted internet access facilitates efficient content dissemination and real-time collaboration. Social media platforms were recognized as critical enablers, with 96.2% agreeing that they promote UGC creation, while 91.4% noted that content-sharing trends positively influenced local film and TV production by enhancing visibility and engagement. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of technological factors in supporting innovation, accessibility, and growth within Kenya's local film and TV industry.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings of the analyzed data revealed that technological factors of UGC, when considered with the influence of media policy have a significant positive influence on local film and TV production. Additionally, the study uncovered the perceived usefulness, accessibility and ease of use of these technologies in the creative processes highlighting the importance of technology and its integration with supportive media policies in the positive growth of local film and TV production in Kenya. The study suggests that the integration of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Advocacy Coalition framework (ACF) explain the influence of UGC on local film and TV production in Kenya. It broadens the application of TAM to creative industries, showing how access to digital devices and internet connectivity drive media production. Altogether, this research bridges theory, practice and policy, enriching the understanding of how UGC influences local film and TV production in Kenya.