bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REINTEPRETATION OF ISLAM AND CIVIL SOCIETY EMPOWERMENT; CASE OF MAJELIS PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Rahmanto Mukhlis , Amin Widigdo Mohammad Syifa , . Rozikan
Published: February 2019

Purpose of the study:This article aims to examine critically the roles of Muhammadiyah as one of the largest Islamic civil organizations in Indonesia in interpreting and praticing Islamic normative values, especially with regard to the empowerment of civil society after the fall of President Suharto’s New Order political regime in 1998.

Methodology:This study applies qualitative approach and descriptive analysis that aims to critically describe the roles of Muhammdiyah through its department of Majelis Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (abbreviated as: MPM) in interpreting and practicing Islamic values in the relation of civil society empowerment in the post Soeharto’s New Order regime era. Data is gathered from observation, interview with the MPM leaders, and document analysis. Other previous studies which are also included as the main sources of the study are conducted by Prijono (1996) and Harmsen (2008).

Main Findings and Novelty:The analysis produces some important findings: first, some of normative doctrines of Islam on the issue of society empowerment are reinterpreted. The resulted interpretation is different from classical interpretation and interpretive experiences in other Muslim world. The new interpretation focuses on Sūrah al-Māʿūn of the Qur’an (and some other related verses) and uses such interpretation as a theological ground and spirit for implementing societal empowerment visions and works. Second, the empowerment roles of Muhammadiyah through the Council (i.e. MPM) affirms the theory of civil society in Indonesia, which becomes a strategic partner of the government, whose development program fails engender social welfare and prosperity.

Applications of this study: This study can be useful formanyinterdiscipliner area such civil society, civil empowerment, sociology, and Islamic Studies.
Abordajes investigativos sobre violencia intrafamiliar en Colombia desde la literatura científica
Authors: Pedraza Ortiz Alexandra Patricia , Sánchez Salgado Yamile , González Tobar Ivette Alejandra
Published: February 2019

Based on the objective to describe and analyze the scholarly production on intrafamily violence (IFV) in Colombia between 2016 and 2018, a qualitative study was conducted with a bibliometric analysis design intended to review researches from different training and research centers available to researchers in Bogotá, Colombia. Having explored 85 papers, two categories of violence were identified: physical and psychological. The second one prevailed among the explored papers. This way, another noteworthy finding relates with a connection between intrafamily violence and the armed conflict, thus evincing the family as a victim of violence and, in addition, showing that this phenomenon pervades a family system with a broken equilibrium
Reflexiones en torno a la espiritualidad del catequista
Authors: Espinosa Arce Juan Pablo
Published: February 2019

La propuesta que se presenta en este artículo tiene que ver con adentrarse en la espiritualidad del catequista a partir de un diálogo con textos bíblicos, teológicos y magisteriales. La tesis central del artículo sostiene que la espiritualidad del creyente que tiene como misión acompañar los procesos formativos, pedagógicos y creyentes de niños, jóvenes y familias se asume como encarnada e histórica. El catequista debe poseer una sensibilidad para reconocer a Dios en la historia de su vida y de su comunidad y, desde ella, lograr una renovada síntesis entre fe, vida y cultura.
Desarme, desmovilización y reincorporación social en Colombia
Authors: Nieto Bravo Johan Andrés , Pardo Rodríguez Juan Pablo
Published: February 2019

Las transformaciones epistemológicas desarrolladas sobre los procesos de desmovilización en Colombia retan a la escuela a abrir la discusión teórica sobre el actual tránsito de las lógicas de seguridad humana —ancladas en las tendencias jerarquizadas del bienestar y el asistencialismo— hacia nuevas alternativas de búsqueda en torno al desarrollo humano y el empoderamiento de los sujetos, desde la potencialización tanto de las necesidades fundamentales como de las capacidades humanas. Esto con el fin de gestar procesos de educación ciudadana en los que el desmovilizado adquiera un rol protagónico y activo. La presente investigación, desarrollada desde un enfoque cualitativo, problematiza desde la hermenéutica la discusión teórica a partir del análisis documental que reconstruye el devenir histórico de la desmovilización y la voz de aquellos que han acompañado estos procesos, lo cual resulta crucial en la construcción del nuevo país.
Correlation between Parity, Birth Interval, and the Frequency of Antenatal Care towards the Incidence of Low Birth Weight Babies in RSUD Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Surabaya
Authors: Imannia Ristya Sylva , Budiono Budiono , Winardi Baksono
Published: February 2019

Low Birth Weight (LBW) contributes to 60% to 80% of all neonatal and infant deaths in Indonesia whilst globally, prevalence of LBW is 15.5%, amounting to approximately 20 million LBW infants born each year. According to several previous studies, factors closely related with the incidence of LBW are high birth rates, shorter birth intervals, and low frequency of Antenatal Care (ANC) examinations. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between parity, birth interval, and the frequency of ANC towards the incidence of LBW babies. This retrospective cross-sectional study using simple random sampling involved 95 mothers in RSUD Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Surabaya between January and July 2016. Data was collected using medical records and analyzed using logistic regression test with p < 0.05. The result of this research showed there was no correlations between parity and incidence of LBW babies (p=0.162) nor between birth interval and incidence of LBW babies (p=0.574). There was a correlation between frequency of ANC and incidence of LBW babies (p=0.006). The physician should further improve early detection for LBW babies by monitoring high-risk pregnancy mothers routinely.
Inappropriate Prescribing to Elderly Patients in an Internal Medicine Ward
Authors: Urzal Joana , Pedro Ana Bárbara , De Oliveira Inês Ferraz , Romero Inês , Achega Miguel , Correia Iuri , Aldomiro Fernando , Augusto João
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Polypharmacy is often observed in elderly patients and is associated with an increased risk of adverse drug reactions, side effects and interactions. Clinicians should be alert to inappropriate drug prescribing and reduce polypharmacy. Material and Methods: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective and descriptive study in an internal medicine ward in a Portuguese hospital. Polypharmacy was defined as the use of five or more different medicines. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing at admission and discharge in an internal medicine ward, according to deprescribing.org guidelines/algorithms. A total of 838 consecutive patients were admitted between January and July 2017. All patients were aged under 65 years old, and those who died before discharge were excluded. Patients’ medications were reviewed from a medical database at hospital admission and discharge. We examined whether patients were taking anticoagulants, proton pump inhibitors, benzodiazepines, antipsychotics and/or antihyperglycemic medication.Results: A total of 483 patients were included, mean age was 79.2 ± 8.0 years, and 42% of patients were male. Median number of medications at admission and discharge was six. Polypharmacy was present in more than 70% of admitted patients. Proton pump inhibitors were the most common inappropriate prescription at discharge (17.2%). Discussion: This study demonstrated a low use of inappropriate medicine (11.2% - 17.2%) in older people discharged from hospital, when compared to other studies. Conclusion: Our study shows that polypharmacy is present in more than 70% of elderly admitted patients. Nevertheless, the drug inappropriateness rate was not significantly affected by polypharmacy at both admission and discharge, being overall lower than published data.
Intoxicação do(a) trabalhador(a) rural por agrotóxicos: (sub)notificação e (in)visibilidade nas políticas públicas de 2001 a 2015
Authors: Menck Vanessa Fracaro , Serafim Milena Pavan , Oliveira Julicristie Machado
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender como a questão das intoxicações por agrotóxicos em trabalhadores(as) rurais é reconhecida pelos diferentes atores governamentais, bem como pelos movimentos sociais e outras organizações não governamentais. Foi realizada uma análise documental de planos, políticas, programas e ações para o período de 2001 a 2015. Observou-se que as demandas por ações de proteção à saúde do(a) trabalhador(a) rural são recentes e que se prioriza ainda os direitos do consumidor e as necessidades de mercado. Existem conflitos de interesses que se expressaram nos próprios programas de governo e na atuação de diferentes ministérios. A visibilidade da questão da intoxicação do(a) trabalhador(a) rural por agrotóxicos nas políticas ocorre mais ao final do período estudado, por intensa influência de instituições de pesquisa e pesquisadores considerados ativistas.
Thermal and Dynamic Properties of Woven Kenaf/Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composite
Authors: Aisyah Humaira Alias , Paridah Md. Tahir , Sapuan Salit Mohammad , Khalina Abdan , Berkalp Omer Berk , Wahab Mohd Saidin , Lee Seng Hua , Ramli Natasha
Published: February 2019

The effects of carbon fiber hybridisation on the thermal properties of woven kenaf reinforced epoxy composites kenaf fibre were studied. Woven kenaf hybrid composites at the different weave designs of plain and satin, and fabric count of 5 × 5 and 6 × 6 were manually prepared by vacuum infusion technique. Thermal properties of pure carbon fibre and hybrid composites were conducted by using thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). It was found that at high kenaf fibre content showed better thermal stability while the highest thermally stable was found in pure carbon fibre composite. The TG and DTG results showed that the amount of residue decreased in plain-designed hybrid composite compared to satin-designed hybrid composite. The DSC data revealed that the presence of woven kenaf increase decomposition temperature.
Clinical Characteristics for Differentiating Febrile Children with Suspected Kawasaki Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Yan Jia-Huei , Chang Ling-Sai , Lin Yi-Ju , Guo Mindy Ming-Huey , Huang Ying-Hsien , Kuo Ho-Chang
Published: February 2019

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of vasculitis that primarily affects children under the age of 5 years old. Patients may be missed diagnosis when initial clinical symptoms do not fulfill the traditional criteria. We aimed to analyze factors that clinicians could use to differentiate febrile children suspected of KD. Method: We retrospectively enrolled a total of 83 febrile children who were initially suspected of KD, but they did not meet the American Heart Association (AHA) criteria for a diagnosis. However, some of these patients were diagnosed with KD during their second visit. We analyzed patients' characteristics, clinical symptoms, and laboratory data. Results: In total, 50 patients were enrolled in the study. Of those, ten patients were diagnosed with KD on their second visit (group 1), while the other 40 patients still did not fit a KD diagnosis (group 2). A patient with a neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio greater than 1.33 combined with a C-reactive protein more than 33 mg/L was more likely to have KD. Conclusion: Among patients suspected of KD that did not initially meet the criteria, clinicians should pay special attention to elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and CRP levels and closely follow up such patients.
The Effect of Chemistry Learning with PjBL and PBL Model Based on Tetrahedral Chemistry Representation in term of Student’s Creativity
Authors: Widyasari Frenika , Indriyanti Nurma Yunita , Mulyani Sri
Published: February 2019

This research aims to know: (1) the effect of PjBL and PBL models based on tetrahedral chemistry representation toward student’s achievement; (2) the effect of creativity toward student’s achievement; and (3) the interaction between PjBL and PBL models based on tetrahedral chemistry representation with creativity toward student’s achievement on the colloid subject in SMA Negeri 1 Sragen. This research used quasi experiment method with 2×2 factorial design. Samples of research were determined with cluster random sampling technique and used 2 classes in SMA Negeri 1 Sragen. Data has been collected by test, questionnaire, observation, and literature documents which owned by teacher. Hypothesis testing of this research for cognitive and skill aspects of learning achievement used parametric test of Anova two ways, and for attitude aspect of learning achievement used non-parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis. The results of this research showed that: (1) there was no effect of chemistry learning using of PjBL and PBL models based on tetrahedral chemistry representation toward knowledge, attitude, and skill aspects of student’s achievement; (2) there was effect of high and low creativity toward knowledge and skill aspects of student’s achievement but there was no effect toward attitude aspect of student’s achievement; and (3) there was no interaction between using PjBL and PBL models based on tetrahedral chemistry representation with creativity toward knowledge, attitude, and skill aspects of student’s achievement.

 
Development of Interactive Chemistry Learning Devices using Domino Chemical Media in terms of Student Activity and Learning Outcomes of Class X High School in Samarinda
Authors: Hermawanti Medita , Nurhadi Mukhamad , Majid Abdul
Published: February 2019

This research focuses on research and development of learning devices using Chemical Domino media. The product of this research is Interactive Chemical Domino learning media, which focused on compound nomenclature material for class X which is expected feasible to be used as learning media. The subjects in this study are divided into 2 stages, the first is the small group test in which only 12 students from SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda participate. The second is field test (large group) which 96 students from 3 high schools participate, namely SMA Negeri 1 Samarinda, 36 students from Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Samarinda, and 36 students from SMA Negeri 5 Samarinda. The results showed that the validation of media experts scored 85.77%, material expert validation scored 88.63%. In learning media validation, it showed that validation of RPP scored 92.08%, LKS validation scored 92.67%. For student response results scored 81.25%. From those scores it can be concluded that development of learning device using Media Chemical Domino is "very good”. Meanwhile for the observation results of student activity increased up to 33.71% and for student learning results from posttest and daily test reach KKM with percentage of student learning result 77,34%.

 
An Optimization of Functional Monomer, A Preliminary Study of Meropenem Imprinted Polymer as Selective Sorbent
Authors: Sirumapea Lasmaryna , Zulfikar Muhammad Ali , Amran M. Bachri , Alni Anita
Published: February 2019

Molecularly imprinted polymer is a polymer that synthesized together with targeted molecule (analyte) through polymerization process. When the polymerization has completed, extraction is taken to pull the analyte out of the polymer, and it will give a specific “frame” of targeted molecule which leave cavities and further is used to give specific recognition of the analyte. Functional monomer, template molecule, crosslinker agent, porogenic solvent and initiator are the main components involved in the synthesis of this kind of polymer. The right functional monomer is needed to make polymer building block with high selectivity when used as sorbent. The selection of suitable and precise functional monomer has been elaborated in this study. methacrylate acid, itaconic acid and acrylamide is then studies as functional monomer that will be chosen to give the best polymer performance as sorbent. From IR spectrum results, it can be concluded that polymer has been synthesized successfully. Peak at 1157 cm-1 which is a peak of C-N bond from β-lactam ring support this statement.  Finally, it can be concluded that methacrylate acid is the best functional monomer for making polymer as sorbent for meropenem
Optimization of Thyroglobulin Coated Tube for Thyroglobulin IRMA Kit
Authors: Sutari Sutari , Triningsih Triningsih , Setiyowati Sri , Susilo V.Y. , Ariyanto Agus , Widayati Puji , Lestari Wening
Published: February 2019

Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) is a method of analysis based on immunological reactions of antigens-antibodies binding. This highly specific and sensitive method was used for in vitro diagnosis in small quantity of sample. Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology, BATAN has developed Thyroglobulin IRMA Kit using coated tube method that can determine thyroglobulin levels in microgram quantities. Coated tube was made with immobilisation of anti thyroglobulin into polistyrene tube. Development of IRMA kit performed through several steps including: optimization component of kit, optimization assay and kit validation. Optimization of coated tube involved selection and volume of solvent, using blocking and non-blocking agent, and volume of blocking agent. The optimum condition for coated tubes was found to be using 0.1M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 with coating volume of 500 μL, 3% BSA in 500 μL blocking agent 0.1M phosphate buffer pH 7.4, with maximum binding and non-specific binding (NSB) of 60.58 and 1.40%, respectively. The optimized coated tube was found to be stable up to 4 weeks.
Validation of the TSH IRMA Kit for Determination of the TSH Levels in Human Blood Serum
Authors: Mondrida Gina , Sutari Sutari , Triningsih Triningsih , Setyowati Sri , Yulianti S V. , Lestari Wening , Ariyanto Agus , Widayati Puji
Published: February 2019

TSH IRMA kit is a kit used for the determination of TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) levels in human blood serum. Thyroid hormone is a hormone that our bodies need for growth of the brain, bone and other tissues and regulate the metabolism in the body. TSH normal range for adult is in the range of 0.4-4.5 mIU/L, whereas for baby is about 3.0-18.0 mIU/L. Thyroid would affect the quality of optimal growth of children if disturbed. Therefore, TSH assay in the blood needs to be determined to know whether the function of the thyroid gland works normally or not. Detection of TSH in blood can be performed by Immunoradiometricassay (IRMA) method. IRMA method is one of the immunoassay techniques based on immunological reactions (antigen-antibody binding) using radionuclide 125I as a tracer, that sample in small quantity can be detected.  IRMA method was developed locally by replacing TSH IRMA kit which is costly since imported from commercial companies. Center for Radioisotope and Radiopharmaceutical Technology (PTRR) BATAN has successfully developed the TSH IRMA kit that can be used to determine the levels of TSH in human blood. TSH IRMA kit must be validated to know the limit of detection, sensitivity, accuracy, precision and the assay parameters, such as Non-Specific Binding (NSB) and Maximum Binding (MB). Validation of TSH IRMA kit had been carried out resulting in the limit of detection of 0.115 ng/mL, accuracy with a recovery of 93.6-108.0 %, intra-assay precision (% CV) QC L = 1.9848, QC M = 3.6360 % and QC H = 2.2085 % while the inter-assay precision (% CV) QC L = 11.0055, QC M = 5.6768 %  and  QC H = 5.4181 %.  It was concluded that this TSH IRMA kit showed good performance based on the % NSB and % B/T of 0.68 and 34.64 %, respectively.
Analysis of High School Students’ Argumentation Ability in the topic of Buffer Solution
Authors: Devi Ninda Dwi Cahya , Susanti VH Elfi , Indriyanti Nurma Yunita
Published: February 2019

Argumentation is scientific discourse in science learning that is used as a link between knowledge from an environment and concepts in science learning. Through argumentation skills can be controlled student understanding in connecting facts with concepts in learning. This study aims to analyze students' argumentation ability on buffer solution subject. Students' argumentation ability is divided into 4 levels; level 1 (claims), level 2 (claims with data), level 3 (claims with data and one rebuttal), and level 4 (claims with more than one rebuttal). Data analysis was done by a qualitative descriptive method using a case study method. The case study method was chosen so that a study of 92 students who were research participants could be carried out in depth and comprehensive. The results obtained that the students' argumentation ability was at level 1 and level 2 argumentation. This shows that students' argumentation skills are still at low and medium levels. The results of this study can be used as a basis for improving the quality of teaching and further research.

 
Special Issue on Enhancement of Societal Resiliency Against Natural Disasters
Authors: Hori Muneo
Published: February 2019

Enhancing social resilience in the event of natural disasters is a critical issue for Japan. It will requires a need huge efforts to further increase the physical preparedness; on the other hand, compared to increasing physical preparedness, enhancing social resilience is a cost-effective means of mitigating the effects of natural disasters. The Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion program (SIP), the biggest national research program in Japan, selected a theme related to enhancing social resilience in the face of natural disasters in 2014. The authors of this special issue worked as a part of the SIP for five years and developed state-of-the-art technologies for the enhancement, namely, next-generation tsunami and heavy rain observation, integrated liquefaction counter-measures, methods for sharing disaster information, a real-time disaster estimation system, an emergency communication system, and the development of applications for regional use. Most of the technologies have been implemented in efforts at natural disaster mitigation following earthquakes and heavy rains in 2017 and 2018. The development and implementation of advanced technologies are the essence of the SIP because it aims to foster innovation. While the SIP is a Japanese government program, it promotes international utilization of the technologies it develops. There are many instances which might be studied better by developing and utilizing advanced technologies in various countries following different types of natural disasters. I hope that this special issue will be a gateway for readers who are interested in using such advanced technologies to mitigate natural disasters and enhance social resilience during such events.
Development of a Seismic-Performance Assessment Method and Retrofitting Technology Against the Liquefaction of Existing Bridges
Authors: Ohsumi Michio ,   Center for Advanced Engineering Structural Assessment and Research, Public Works Research Institute 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8516, Japan, Nanazawa Toshiaki , Tanimoto Shunsuke , Nakata Mitsuhiko
Published: February 2019

In the past, earthquakes have caused critical damage to bridges built on liquefiable ground, resulting in their collapse or long-term closures. In particular, for existing bridges designed in an age when the liquefaction influence was not considered, appropriate measures should be taken as necessary. However, there are many existing stocks of bridges, which require expensive foundation reinforcement. Therefore, it is crucial to appropriately choose bridge foundations for which anti-seismic measures are a high priority and implement the measures efficiently and successively. The present study aims to develop a seismic-performance assessment method and retrofitting technology for coping with liquefiable ground. For this purpose, a large shaking-table experiment was conducted to determine the effects of the liquefiable ground on bridge-foundation behavior and verify the effect of the retrofitting technology. Based on disaster-case analyses and the results of the shaking-table experiment, a seismic-performance assessment method applicable to practical designing was proposed.
Development of Resilient Information and Communications Technology for Relief Against Natural Disasters
Authors: Kumagai Hiroshi , Sakurauchi Hiroshi , Koitabashi Shinsuke , Uchiyama Takeaki , Sasaki Shinichi , Noda Kazuhide , Ishizaki Makoto , Kotabe Satoshi , Yamamoto Atsushi , Shimizu Yoshitaka , Suzuki Yasuo , Owada Yasunori , Temma Katsuhiro , Sato Goshi , Miyazaki Toshiaki , Li Peng , Kawamoto Yuichi , Kato Nei , Nishiyama Hiroki ,   National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan,   NTT DATA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan,   NTT DOCOMO INC., Tokyo, Japan,   NTT Network Innovation Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan,   The University of Aizu, Fukushima, Japan,   Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
Published: February 2019

The study focused on the research and development of ICT for disaster preparedness and response with respect to two categories, namely, the delivery of alert messages to a wider group of residents and providing quick relief communications in affected areas. In the former category, the development focused on two targets, one involving the delivery of alert messages to indoor residents with a V-Low broadcasting service and the other involving the delivery of an alert message to individuals with disabilities and difficulties in understanding Japanese. In the latter category, a portable ICT unit was developed for rapid relief communications and mesh network technology enabling robust information sharing among base stations in the affected area was developed. Furthermore, a related development focused on a resilient information management system to collect information in areas that do not have access to the Internet. Furthermore, device relay technology was developed to expand access network cover areas. After the development of individual technology, activities for the societal implementation of the development results were conducted through field experiments and disaster drills in which the developed technologies were integrated and utilized.
Equalising the Gender: A Study on Women and Transwomen Enterprises in Kerala
Authors: E. Akhila , V. A. Ursula
Published: February 2019

The study is focusing on the impact that the entrepreneurship made on the social life of women as well as transwomen in Kerala, India. The Kudumbashree Mission of Kerala, which is a self-help group movement for women in the state is one of the efforts that running successfully since 1998 achieving the gender equality in all the walks of life through women empowerment. Kudumbashree is also showing a model by defining the womanhood in a wider perspective by including the transwomen. It is a novel and path-breaking initiative by Kudumbashree to start micro enterprises for transwomen. The success stories of Kudumbashree women enterprises are model to the country in its role to empower the women. The present study particularly focuses on the impact that the enterprises made on the social life of women as well as transwomen in terms of recognition, reception and reward. The study followed a narrative approach to draw the lived experiences of the participants who selected purposively from the Kozhikode District of Kerala State. 
Major Aseptic Revision Following Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Jorgensen Nicholas B. , McAuliffe Michael , Orschulok Thomas , Lorimer Michelle F. , de Steiger Richard
Published: February 2019

Background:

Major revision is associated with less satisfactory outcomes, substantial complications, and added cost. Data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) were analyzed to identify factors associated with major aseptic revision (MAR) of primary total knee replacement (TKR).

Methods:

The cumulative percent major aseptic revision rate following all primary TKRs performed in Australia from September 1, 1999, to December 31, 2015, was assessed. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship were utilized to describe the time to first revision. Hazard ratios (HRs) from Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for age and sex, were utilized to compare revision rates.

Results:

There were 5,973 MARs recorded from the total cohort of 478,081 primary TKRs. The cumulative percent MAR at 15 years was 3.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8% to 3.2%). Fixed bearings had a significantly lower rate of MAR at 15 years: 2.7% (95% CI, 2.4% to 2.9%) compared with 4.1% (95% CI, 3.8% to 4.5%) for mobile bearings (HR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.68 to 1.86]; p < 0.001). Age had a significant effect on MAR rates, with a cumulative percent revision at 15 years for patients <55 years old of 7.8% (95% CI, 6.5% to 9.2%) compared with 1.0% for those ≥75 years old (95% CI, 0.8% to 1.1%; p < 0.001). Minimally stabilized TKR had a lower rate of MAR compared with posterior-stabilized TKR after 2 years (HR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.77 to 0.90]; p < 0.001). Cementless fixation had a higher rate of revision than cemented or hybrid fixation. There was a higher rate of MAR with non-navigated compared with computer navigated TKR (HR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.21 to 1.44], p < 0.001). The tibial component was revised more commonly than the femoral component.

Conclusions:

Younger age, posterior stabilization, cementless fixation, a mobile bearing, and non-navigation were risk factors for higher rates of MAR following TKR.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Two-Stage Revision of Total Hip Arthroplasty for Infection Is Associated with a High Rate of Dislocation
Authors: McAlister Ian P. , Perry Kevin I. , Mara Kristin C. , Hanssen Arlen D. , Berry Daniel J. , Abdel Matthew P.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Two-stage exchange is the most common form of treatment of chronic infection following total hip arthroplasty (THA). We examined the prevalence of, and risk factors associated with, hip instability following 2-stage exchange as well as the fate of reimplanted hip prostheses that dislocated.

Methods:

Data on 515 2-stage exchange THAs performed between 2000 and 2014 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Risk factors for instability as well as postoperative reoperations and revisions were analyzed. The impact of dislocation on these outcomes was evaluated as well. The mean age at the time of reimplantation was 65 years, and the mean duration of follow-up was 5 years (range, 2 to 15 years).

Results:

Dislocation occurred in 52 hips following reimplantation (cumulative probability = 8.9% at 1 year). There was a higher risk of instability in women (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.8, p = 0.038) and in those who had a history of dislocation prior to the 2-stage revision (HR = 5.1, p < 0.001). Younger age, body mass index, number of previous operations, spacer type, surgical approach, use of a constrained liner, femoral head diameter, and persistent or recurrent infection were not found to be significant risk factors. Patients with an absent or ununited greater trochanter or abductor deficiency also had a higher rate of dislocation (HR = 30, p < 0.001), as did patients who underwent reimplantation with a megaprosthesis (HR = 6.0, p < 0.001). The risk of additional reoperations (HR = 121, p < 0.001) and revision surgery (HR = 13, p < 0.001) was significantly higher in patients who experienced a dislocation after the 2-stage exchange.

Conclusions:

Dislocation after 2-stage exchange THA continues to be a major concern, with the 1-year cumulative probability found to be 9% in the present study. Female sex, a history of dislocation, an absent or ununited greater trochanter or abductor deficiency, and reimplantation with a megaprosthesis were identified as risk factors for dislocation. There is a remarkable 121-fold increase in the rate of reoperations and a 13-fold increase in the rate of revisions in hips that dislocated after 2-stage exchange THA.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Personality Assessment in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Tornetta Paul , Jacobs Joshua J. , Sterling Robert S. , Kogan Monica , Fletcher Keaton A. , Friedman Alan M.
Published: February 2019

Personality assessment tools are used effectively in many arenas of business, but they have not been embraced by the medical profession. There is increasing evidence that these tools have promise for helping to match resident candidates to specific fields of medicine, for mentoring residents, and for developing improved leadership in our field. This paper reviews many aspects of personality assessment tools and their use in orthopaedic surgery.
Negative Patient-Experience Comments After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Menendez Mariano E. , Shaker Jonathan , Lawler Sarah M. , Ring David , Jawa Andrew
Published: February 2019

Background:

There is growing interest in enhancing the patient experience after discretionary orthopaedic surgery. Patient narratives are a potentially valuable but largely unscrutinized source of information. Using machine learning to understand sentiment within patient-experience comments, we explored the content of negative comments after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), their associated factors, and their relationship with traditional measures of patient satisfaction and with perioperative outcomes.

Methods:

An institutional registry was used to link the records of 186 patients who had undergone elective primary TSA between 2016 and 2017 with vendor-supplied patient satisfaction data, which included patient comments and the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey. Using a machine-learning-based natural language processing approach, all patient comments were mined for sentiment and classified as positive, negative, mixed, or neutral. Negative comments were further classified into themes. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to determine characteristics associated with providing a negative comment.

Results:

Most patients (71%) provided at least 1 comment; 32% of the comments were negative, 62% were positive, 5% were mixed, and 1% were neutral. The themes of the negative comments were room condition (27%), time management (17%), inefficient communication (13%), lack of compassion (12%), difficult intravenous (IV) insertion (10%), food (10%), medication side effects (6%), discharge instructions (4%), and pain management (2%). Women and sicker patients were more likely to provide negative comments. Patients who made negative comments were more likely to be dissatisfied with overall hospital care and with pain management (2 HCAHPS core items), but there were no differences in any of the studied outcomes (peak pain intensity, opioid intake, operative time, hospital length of stay, discharge disposition, or 1-year American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES] score) between those who provided negative comments and those who did not.

Conclusions:

Patient-narrative analysis can shed light on the aspects of the process of care that are most critiqued by patients. While patient satisfaction may not be a surrogate for effectiveness of care or functional outcomes, efforts to improve the hospital environment, enhance nontechnical skills, and reduce unnecessary delays are important in providing high-quality, patient-centered care after TSA.
Aspectos da resistência de bovinos ao carrapato rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus
Authors: Biegelmeyer P. , Nizoli L. Q. , Cardoso F. F. , Dionello N. J.
Published: February 2019

O parasitismo pelo carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus em países tropicais e subtropicais é associado a grandes quedas nos índices de produtividade dos rebanhos. O controle convencional do parasita, baseado na utilização de drogas carrapaticidas, há anos vem demonstrando sua ineficácia como estratégia de controle a longo prazo, através dos recorrentes relatos de populações de ectoparasitas resistentes às formulações comercialmente disponíveis. A ocorrência de variabilidade genética para resistência ao carrapato em bovinos indica a possibilidade de ganhos genéticos pela seleção de animais resistentes e o uso desta ferramenta como estratégia auxiliar no controle efetivo do parasita. O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar resultados de estudos avaliando a resistência de bovinos ao carrapato, identificar fatores não genéticos que afetam os fenótipos de resistência, e descrever algumas descobertas na área da genética molecular que poderão auxiliar no processo de identificação de animais resis-tentes.
Perfil de ácidos graxos no leite bovino: seu papel na saúde humana e sua modificação por seleção
Authors: Carrara E.R. , Gaya L.G. , Mourão G.B.
Published: February 2019

A gordura do leite é composta, predominantemente, por ácidos graxos. O leite bovino apresenta alta concentração de ácidos graxos saturados, alguns associados ao aumento do risco de doenças cardiovasculares em humanos. Porém, muitos desses, possuem efeitos neutros ou positivos sobre a saúde, assim como alguns ácidos graxos insaturados. O perfil da gordura do leite de bovinos pode ser alterado por suplementação lipídica de maneira rápida e eficiente, porém, verifica-se também variação genética nesse perfil e o melhoramento genético se torna mais relevante do que a suplementação por apresentar resultados permanentes. Esta revisão de literatura teve como objetivo reunir os principais resultados referentes aos aspectos genéticos do perfil de ácidos graxos no leite de bovinos.
Valor nutritivo de los recursos alimenticios procesados procedentes de pastos naturales en South-West, Nigeria
Authors: Ojo V.O.A. , Adeoye S.A. , Oni A.O. , Adelusi O.O. , Yusuf K.O. , Jolaosho A.O. , Olanite J.A. , Onifade O.S.
Published: February 2019

El valor nutritivo de recursos forrajeros de pastos naturales alimenticios en la estación seca para los animales en pastoreo fueron evaluados a partir de su composición química y producción de gas in vitro. Los recursos forrajeros incluyen forrajes conservados (henos y ensilado), planta arbustiva (hojas de Leucaena leucocephala) utilizando como control los forrajes del pasto natural durante la estación seca. El contenido de proteína bruta (CP) de los recursos forrajeros osciló de 59 a 171 g/k-l de materia seca (DM), siendo las hojas de L. leucocephala las que presentaron el mayor (p
Valor bromatológico e fermentativo da silagem de capim piatã
Authors: Bolson D.C. , Pereira D.H. , Pina D.S. , Pedreira B.C. , Mombach M.A. , Xavier I.M.
Published: February 2019

Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil fermentativo, as perdas e a composição química da silagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã com diferentes aditivos. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições por tratamento e cinco tratamentos com diferentes aditivos, como segue: T1- controle sem aditivos; T2 - inoculante microbiano SiloMax Centurium (Matsuda); T3 - inoculante ênzimo microbiano Sil All C4 (Alltech do Brasil); T4 - fubá de milho (100 g kg-1 na matéria natural) e T5 - glicerina bruta (100 g kg-1 na matéria natural), totalizando 20 silos experimentais. A adição de fubá de milho elevou os teores de matéria seca (MS) e carboidratos não-fibrosos (CNF) com diminuição na fibra em detergente neutro (FDN). A maior perda de MS total (124,7 g kg-1) foi observado para a silagem sem aditivos, enquanto que a adição de fubá de milho reduziu as perdas de MS total (32,2 g kg-1). Os menores valores de pH foram observados nas silagens com fubá de milho e acidez titulável e os mais elevados nas silagens com glicerina bruta, bem como uma maior produção de ácido láctico. Recomenda-se a inclusão de fubá de milho em 100 g kg-1 de matéria natural, uma vez que fornece um melhor perfil fermentativo e composição química, além de reduzir as perdas de MS. Além disso, a inclusão de glicerina em 100 g kg-1 de matéria fresca mostrou-se como um aditivo com potencial de utilização.
Dietas insulina-estimulantes para las hembras porcina
Authors: Silva M.C. , Muñoz Luna A. , Kiefer C. , Ramis Vidal G. , Alencar S.A.S. , Cambra-Bort J.M.
Published: February 2019

Esta revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo presentar los efectos de la insulina modulada por la dieta en el rendimiento reproductivo y productivo de las cerdas. La insulina es una hormona que tiene papel de intermediario entre la nutrición y la reproducción, causando la síntesis de gonadotropinas, FSH y LH, a través de efectos directos sobre los ovarios. Los niveles de insulina endógena pueden estar influidos tanto por los nutrientes ingeridos como por la fuente de energía. Los estudios científicos han demostrado que las dietas donde los lípidos son la fuente principal de energía no producen mejoras en la condición corporal de las cerdas reproductoras durante la lactancia y tampoco en el desarrollo reproductivo después del destete. De hecho, puede empeorar la condición catabólica, debido al aumento de grasa en la producción de leche. Por otra parte, aumentar el contenido de carbohidratos durante la lactación puede mejorar el balance de energía, la secreción de gonadotropina y los perfiles de insulina y glucosa. Se ha demostrado que es posible modular los niveles de insulina en plasma mediante el consumo de hidratos de carbono complejos, tales como el almidón, que puede producir picos más prolongados de glucosa en comparación con los carbohidratos simples como dextrosas o sacarosas, promoviendo así el desarrollo folicular de los ovocitos, a partir de la síntesis de la hormona luteinizante a nivel en el ovario.
Dietary calcium salts of fatty acids and soybean oil effects on mid-lactation dairy cows performance
Authors: De Araújo C.E. , Gandra J.R. , Barletta R.V. , Mingoti R.D. , Bettero R.V. , De Jesus E.F. , Del Valle T.A. , Ghizzi L.G. , Silva J.R. , Rennó F.P.
Published: February 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de suplementação de gordura com óleo de soja (OS) e sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos (SC) em vacas leiteiras em meio de lactação no consumo e digestibilidade de nutrientes, fermentação ruminal, produção e composição do leite e balanço de nitrogênio. Dezesseis vacas holandesas multíparas (638 ± 73 kg de peso corporal e 116 ± 26 dias em leite) foram utilizadas em um delineamento quadrado latino 4 x 4 para avaliar as seguintes dietas: cont) controle, sem fonte de gordura adicional; OS) 30 g/kg de óleo de soja; SC1) inclusão de 30 g/kg de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa (MEGALAC-E ®); e SC2) inclusão de 30 g/kg de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa (LACTOPLUS ®) na base de matéria seca. Ambos avaliados SC foram fabricados com óleo de soja. FA adição de fontes de gordura reduziu ingestão de matéria seca (23,2 vs 21,7 kg/d) e aumentou (P
Qualidade de sementes de azevém anual e seus impactos no estabelecimento inicial em diferentes densidades de semeadura
Authors: Ternuss R.M. , Cavalcante J.A. , Weiss A.C. , Folquini P.S. , Philippi E. , Zanini G.D.
Published: February 2019

Um dos problemas que envolvem a formação de pastagens de inverno no Sul do Brasil é a variação na qualidade das sementes de espécies forrageiras disponíveis no comércio, o que resulta na comercialização de sementes de baixa qualidade. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de lotes de sementes de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) comercializadas no Sul de Santa Catarina (Brasil), nas safras 2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016, bem como seus efeitos no estabelecimento inicial em diferentes densidades de semeadura. As sementes coletadas foram oriundas do excedente de coletas oficiais de amostra de sementes, realizada por Fiscal Estadual Agropecuário em estabelecimentos comerciais. A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada como variável resposta por meio da pureza física, teste de germinação e número de sementes de outras espécies. Para avaliação do estabelecimento inicial em diferentes densidades de semeadura foi utilizado um delineamento experimental em blocos completos casualizados, em esquema fatorial, 2 x 4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na aplicação de diferentes densidades de semeadura de duas cultivares de azevém anual (Barjumbo e BRS Ponteio): 12,5, 25, 50 e 75 kg/ha. Foram avaliados o número e altura de plantas, número de perfilhos por planta e massa seca de forragem. É fundamental a necessidade do controle externo de qualidade, executado pelo Estado, por meio da atividade fiscal, com vistas a garantir aos agricultores acesso a sementes de alta qualidade, o que tende a melhorar o estabelecimento inicial de pastagens de inverno. Em relação ao aumento gradativo da densidade de semeadura, constatou-se ganhos de produtividade em ambas as cultivares, com as sementes do cultivar Barjumbo apresentando melhor desempenho que as sementes do cultivar BRS Ponteio.
Efecto de los Bacilli como aditivo alimenticio en la respuesta inmune de la camella y de su guelfo recién nacido
Authors: Mohie El-Dinn M.M. , Abdel-Aal E.S. , Eid L.N. , Farid A.A. , Aly I.R. , El-Deeb S.O.
Published: February 2019

La preñez en el dromedario se asocia con la regulación descendente de las respuestas inmunitarias que pueden llevar a la susceptibilidad a infecciones virales y bacterianas por lo que se espera que la alimentación a base de probióticos puede ayudar a fortalecer la inmunidad de las camellas preñadas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la mezcla de bacilos en la inmunidad de las camellas preñadas y en el periparto de sus güelfos recién nacidos. Un total de 10 camellas durante su gestación tardía hasta un mes después del parto se dividieron en dos grupos iguales: El G1 (control) se alimentó con la dieta basal, mientras que G2 fue alimentado con dieta suplementada con una mezcla de [Bacillus subtilus - Bacillus licheniformis] (Potenciador 1.3, 10g/cabeza/día). El plasma de las camellas, guelfos y leche se recolectaron en diferentes ensayos. Los resultados para las camellas revelaron un aumento significativo de los niveles de IgG al comparar el G2 con G1 un mes antes del parto, una semana y un mes después del parto. Los niveles de IgG en leche mostraron un aumento significativo en el G2 a la semana después del parto también. Los niveles de IgG de los güelfos mostraron aumentos significativos en G2 en todos los periodos. Las IgA en las camellas y güelfos no mostraron cambios significativos en absoluto. Los niveles de IgA de leche mostraron aumentos en G2 más que en G1 en el momento del parto y una semana después del parto. El nivel del IFN-γ en el plasma de camellas reveló el aumento significativo en el G2 más que en el G1 en el momento del parto y a la semana mientras que en leche, los niveles demostraron el aumento significativo en G2 solamente una semana post-parto y en güelfos, los niveles eran más altos en G2 a la semana y un mes después del nacimiento. En conclusión, la inclusión de un aditivo a base de una mezcla de bacilos en la alimentación de las camellas preñadas mejoró algunos de sus parámetros inmunológicos y de sus güelfos recién nacidos.