bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFICULTADES EN LAS TRANSFORMACIONES DE TRATAMIENTO Y CONVERSIÓN EN OPERACIONES DE SUMA Y RESTA DE LA FRACCIÓN
Authors: Margy Liseth Campos Arismendy
Published: March 2023

Esta investigación describió las dificultades de los estudiantes de grado séptimo de la Escuela Normal Superior Francisco de Paula Santander en las trasformaciones de tratamiento y conversión de las operaciones de suma y resta de la fracción, comprendiendo de qué manera el estudiante aborda este tipo de operación y qué registros semióticos utiliza. El estudio se realiza a través de un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo de tipo interpretativo considerando como punto de partida el análisis de los procedimientos que siguen los estudiantes al solucionar situaciones que involucran la fracción. Para dicho estudio se toma una muestra de cinco estudiantes de grado séptimo los cuales son sometidos a un proceso de intervención al identificar y describir sus dificultades. En dicho estudio se obtiene como resultado una mejora del 60% en los indicadores en las transformaciones de conversión y una disminución significativa en relación con el tratamiento. Una de las principales conclusiones es que los estudiantes evidencian dificultades especialmente en las transformaciones de tratamiento ya que hay una tendencia hacia la ejecución mecánica de procedimiento sin una adecuada reflexión
EL RETO DE EDUCAR EN LA FRONTERA: EL RESPETO AL DIÁLOGO ENTRE CULTURAS
Authors: José Alfredo Delgado
Published: March 2023

La educación se desarrolla haciendo énfasis en solventar las necesidades o precariedades de los contextos en la búsqueda de abordar las exigencias de la sociedad. Ante ello, educar en los espacios de frontera debe asumir la realidad compleja en la que se encuentra y promover la transformación del pensamiento hacia una postura crítica que permita a los ciudadanos responder de manera acorde a las vivencias cotidianas. Por tal motivo, el presente artículo se plantea como propósito general analizar los fundamentos educativos en la frontera, para generar procesos de reflexión entre culturas de dichos lugares. De este modo, el diseño metodológico estará enmarcado dentro del enfoque cualitativo por los aportes que hace en cuanto a representar la realidad tal cual como se desarrolla. Así mismo se ha énfasis en el análisis documental como método para poder revisar diversas fuentes y apoyados en elementos teóricos para hacer un acercamiento a la realidad de los procesos resultantes de la reflexión sobre los principales argumentos que configuran la realidad en torno al reto de educar en la frontera, de manera concreta atendiendo de manera particular las diversas demandas culturales que emergen producto de una diversificación de la cultura como dialogo activo de la sociedad de frontera ante las crecientes necesidades que se perciben en los momentos actuales.
DESAFÍOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN EN LOS TIEMPOS ACTUALES
Authors: Maria Isabel Torres Angarita  , Carmen Cecilia Granados Niño  , Claudia Yamile Tarazona Torres  , Luz Karine Jiménez Ruiz
Published: March 2023

El desarrollo de la educación como se había constituido desde sus inicios ha sido alterado producto de la aparición de la pandemia por COVID-19, que vino a reestructura la vida de una forma drástica a la que se conocía. Ante ello, se generó una nueva forma de educar por medio de la virtualidad, enfrentando desafíos propios de la educación, pero con el compromiso de asumir el riesgo de los efectos que dichas situaciones pudieran infringir en los conocimientos y habilidades alcanzados por los estudiantes. De tal modo, el presente artículo se plantea como propósito general analizar los principales desafíos de la educación en post pandemia, dicho análisis será alcanzado mediante la creación de una resña al pretender desarrollar un escrito documental sobre los procesos educativos referenciados en la pandemia y luego de ella. En último momento, se pude descubrir la idea que los retos o desafíos de la educación están centrado en alcanzar cubrir los vacíos de conocimiento en los estudiantes por las dinámicas vividas en los tiempos de confinamiento y así poder generar procesos de reflexión sobre la praxis del docente como un elemento del saber central de la educación que consolida aspectos puntuales que cubran y concreten una educación en post pandemia cuyo eje sea asumir las debilidades previstas en las habilidades que carecen los estudiantes.
Evaluación del estado jurídico de la electrocución de avifauna y formulación de propuestas de mejoras para la efectividad en el cumplimiento de la normativa
Authors: Blasco Hedo Eva , Durá Alemañ Carlos Javier , Pérez García Juan Manuel
Published: March 2023

La electrocución en apoyos eléctricos es probablemente uno de
los impactos más importantes para la avifauna ya que afecta a un gran
número de especies de aves en todo el mundo. Las aves rapaces son
especialmente sensibles, debido a que generalmente poseen una gran
envergadura y una mayor predilección a utilizar posaderos para cazar. El
diseño del apoyo y los materiales empleados en su construcción son
características esenciales para determinar el riesgo de electrocución.
El objetivo del presente informe es la revisión de la normativa que se aplica
al caso de la electrocución de aves en tendidos eléctricos. La descripción del
sistema de financiación para adaptar las líneas eléctricas. La Ley de
Responsabilidad Medioambiental 26/2007, y su aplicación a esta temática, las sentencias judiciales dictadas en los últimos años y la realización de una
propuesta de sugerencias técnicas y jurídicas para la organización del sector
con el fin de paliar o solucionar esta problemática ambiental.
RANCANG BANGUN JARINGAN SITE TO SITE VPN (VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK) DENGAN PROTOCOL OPENVPN
Authors: Usanto Usanto
Published: March 2023

The use of wireless media such as the internet in building computer networks is so widely used. However, performance and security must also be considered. VPN (Virtual Private Network) is one of the methods in network security that works by creating a tunnel so that a trusted network can connect to networks outside via the internet. PT. Laris Manis Utama is a private company engaged in the field of fresh fruits export-import and distributor. And already has several branch offices located outside the city. Designing a VPN (Virtual Private Network) with a Site to site (OpenVPN) system at PT. Laris Manis Utama functions as a communication liaison for media and data transfer between the head office server and branch servers so that they are connected in real-time and can develop application systems and updated databases
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMERINGKATAN SISWA MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAW(SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGTHING)
Authors: Nurlaela Lela , Suprapto Suprapto , Usanto Usanto
Published: March 2023

This study aims to produce a student ranking system design based on the grades obtained by students to assist teachers and principals in determining the ranking of these students in schools. The criteria used are the midterm score with a weight of 30%, the final exam score with a weight of 30%, the report card value of 20%, and the average value of 20%. The method used is a field study by making direct observations to schools and conducting interviews with school principals, homeroom teachers, and administrative staff. The result of the research is a prototype of a web-based student ranking system that produces a student ranking report that counts using the simple additive weighting method
Aportaciones del Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa (COMIE) al estudio de la educación secundaria en México.
Authors: Osorio Madrid José Raúl
Published: March 2023

Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico y de análisis de contenido a un corpus de 356 ponencias presentadas en cinco congresos nacionales organizados por el COMIE. El objetivo fue identificar y valorar la aportación al conocimiento de la problemática existente en la escuela secundaria en México, a través de las ponencias presentadas en los congresos nacionales de investigación educativa. El número de ponencias que atienden al nivel educativo de secundaria es menor en comparación con otros niveles, los temas tratados y los conocimientos generados permiten comprender la problemática y posibles vías de mejora para elevar la calidad de la educación en este nivel, reconocido como el más complejo de todo el sistema educativo, con escasa información sobre su realidad y su indefinición como un espacio educativo con identidad propia.
Eliminating hepatitis C in Australia: a novel model of hepatitis C testing and treatment for people who inject drugs at a medically supervised injecting facility
Authors: MacIsaac Michael B , Whitton Bradley , Hubble Adrian , Cogger Shelley , Penn Matthew , Weeks Anthony , Elmore Kasey , Pemberton David , Anderson Jenine , Howard Rebecca , McKeever Una , Papaluca Timothy , Hellard Margaret E , Stoove Mark , Wilson David , Pedrana Alisa , Doyle Joseph , Clark Nico , Holmes Jacinta , Thompson Alexander J
Published: March 2023

Objective

To evaluate the feasibility of testing and treating people who inject drugs at a supervised injecting facility for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting, participants

People who inject drugs who attended the Melbourne supervised injecting facility, 30 June 2018 – 30 June 2020.

Main outcome measures

Proportion of people tested for hepatitis C; proportions of people positive for anti‐HCV antibody and HCV RNA, and of eligible people prescribed direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) treatment; sustained virological response twelve weeks or more after treatment completion.

Results

Of 4649 people who attended the supervised injecting facility during 2018–20, 321 were tested for hepatitis C (7%); 279 were anti‐HCV antibody‐positive (87%), of whom 143 (51%) were also HCV RNA‐positive. Sixty‐four of 321 had previously been treated for hepatitis C (20%), 21 had clinically identified cirrhosis (7%), eight had hepatitis B infections (2%), and four had human immunodeficiency virus infections (1%). In multivariate analyses, people tested for hepatitis C were more likely than untested clients to report psychiatric illness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 9.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.26–12.8), not have a fixed address (aOR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.18–2.14), and to report significant alcohol use (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.06–2.32). The median number of injecting facility visits was larger for those tested for hepatitis C (101; interquartile range [IQR], 31–236) than for those not tested (20; IQR, 3–90). DAA treatment was prescribed for 126 of 143 HCV RNA‐positive clients (88%); 41 of 54 with complete follow‐up data were cured (76%).

Conclusions

People who attend supervised injecting facilities can be tested and treated for hepatitis C on site. Models that provide streamlined, convenient hepatitis C care promote engagement with treatment in a group in which the prevalence of hepatitis C is high.
VR-based product development process: opportunities and challenges in the automotive industry
Authors: Winkler Ingrid , Murari Thiago B. , Ferreira Cristiano V. , Freitas Fabio
Published: March 2023

In the product development, the success of a manufacturing strategy is achieved by specifying a manufacturing process that it can be produced with minimal impact. In the automotive industry, to detect late, i.e., already during manufacturing phase, issues on customers preferences on new vehicles, physical ergonomic issues, or problems on usability of a product has a high cost of correction and long the time to launch a new product. Thus, given the complexity of products that are under development, designers must perform a number of procedures to guarantee that the finished product fits customer demands and is accepted by the market. With the emergence of low-cost virtual reality devices, the automotive industry is adopting virtual reality for several engineering processes and support everyday engineering. The patent filings have boomed since 2016, in a technology space that is rapidly evolving, offering opportunities to enter an area while it is still young. Virtual reality benefits the product development process by saving costs and time, closing customers, improving interactions, avoiding prototype transportation, optimizing the assembly line, improving the performance and well-being of the user, mitigating hidden dangers, stimulating novel insights and increasing team collaboration, and feeling of engagement, among others. However, certain constraints must be overcome before the technology’s possibilities can be fully harnessed. The challenges faced by VR-based processes are the lack of realism due to unnatural tactile and visual interactions, latency and registration issues, communication difficulties between teams, unpleasant symptoms, issues on depth, haptic, motion and movement perceptions, cybersecurity, cybersickness, lack of intuitiveness, and partial control over the user’s moving around, among others. While there are still challenges to be addressed until industries can fully benefit from the technology’s potential and these constraints prevent virtual reality from fully replacing conventional automotive product development in the near future, it is a valuable contribution to the process. In this context, this work discusses the opportunities and challenges of virtual reality-based product development process in the automotive industry. A better knowledge on this subject may provide a reference for decision-makers, practitioners and researchers as they continue to develop innovative immersive solutions in the product development in the automotive industry.
Virtual and Augmented Reality for Neurofunctional Recovery and Human Movement Analysis
Authors: Brandão Alexandre F. , Guimarães Marcelo P. , Dias Diego R. C. , Brega José R. F.
Published: March 2023

We present the research results on virtual reality and neurofunctional recovery, part of a multidisciplinary and inter-institutional project. The BRAINN_VR Initiative is a line of research and technological development in virtual rehabilitation solutions running on the Brazilian Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology – BRAINN.
PIANOVISION - An Augmented Reality Piano Platform
Authors: Reid Zachary , Teixeira João Marcelo
Published: March 2023

PianoVision presents the best version yet of an educational piano app for Oculus Quest. Not only does it overlay notes onto the real piano using passthrough and hand tracking, but it also responds to user’s playing in real time through connections with MIDI-enabled keyboards.
VR Training System for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation based on Compensatory Analysis
Authors: Cyrino Gabriel , Zago Najara , Aramaki Roberta , Camargo Lísias , Cardoso Alexandre , Lamounier Edgard , Soares Alcimar
Published: March 2023

Stroke is one of the most common diseases that lead to impairment of upper limb dexterity. Nowadays, serious games are a common approach to help stroke patient’s recovery. However, the lack of compensatory movement detection, during motor rehabilitation protocols, can lead the patient to learn new and incorrect movement patterns, compromising training sessions. Thus, this project consists of a system that differentiates real upper limb functional improvements from compensatory movement patterns, through a highly customizable serious game, with adaptable levels and tasks. Interaction with the game is done through a handle of a robotic platform. In the game, the subject must control a bird of prey to hunt and to run from predators. 3D motion trackers are placed in different points of the subject paretic arm to detect compensatory movements and to lead back the patient to correctly guide the bird of prey. Therefore, we believe that the proposed method will be a useful supporting tool for helping both the patient during his training sessions and the physiotherapist for better analysis of movements and more specific stroke rehabilitation protocols.
Pigmentary Disorders in Black Skin from Pathophysiology to Treatment
Authors: Ly Fatimata
Published: March 2023

Pigmentary disorders are frequent and more visible in patients with darker phototypes (Fitzpatrick’s IV–VI). They also have an important psychological impact and are the cause of inappropriate cosmetic practices. Pigmentary disorders comprise a wide range of pathologies, and the pathophysiological mechanisms have evolved considerably in recent years. Pigment disorders vary in their clinical presentation from achromia to hyperpigmentation to hypopigmentation. Inflammatory dermatoses, such as acne, are often complicated by postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; psoriasis and lichen planus are accompanied by dyschromia. Some skin diseases, such as mycosis fungoides, have atypical presentations in the form of hypopigmented plaques. All these dyschromias have an important impact on the quality of life and are responsible for practices such as voluntary cosmetic depigmentation with products like dermocorticoids, hydroquinone and mercury salts, and various depigmenting products. This practice is at the origin of pigmentary disorders, such as exogenous ochronosis, lichen-like and lupus-like dermatoses, and periorbital hyperpigmentation. Therapeutic management is difficult and relies on chemical (peeling), physical (laser), and medicinal means (tranexamic acid); hence, the interest is in prevention through early diagnosis and the avoidance of favorable factors.
Examining the Relationship between Access to Health Care and Socio-Economic Characteristics
Authors: Adeola Olajide Oluwafunmiso
Published: March 2023

The link between good health and the ability to work effectively to meet livelihood needs is established but the economic implications of the reverse have often not been estimated; also how this plays out for different gender and socio-economic groups is often not estimated. The chapter examines the health care access that rural households have and examine how it relates to their education and employment in various sectors. The study used Nigeria as a case study as such the General Household Survey Data for wave 4 was used. The data were analyzed using descriptive, and Tobit regression model. The results showed that labour hours worked (in agricultural, non-agricultural and non-household activities) has a negative relationship with health care access. Age and literacy (ability to read) is important in health care access and have positive relationships with it. The policy implication of the study is that educational infrastructure must be developed along-side health policy initiatives.
Bacterial Symbiotic Signaling in Modulating Plant-Rhizobacterial Interactions
Authors: Tariq Aqsa , Ahmed Ambreen
Published: March 2023

Rhizosphere is the hub for microbial activities where microbes and plants interact with complex signaling mechanisms. Plants release various metabolites in response to environmental factors which are significant in shaping rhizospheric microbial communities. These microbes develop symbiotic relation with plants by quorum sensing signals and regulate various microbial activities including biofilm formation. Biofilms are important in inhabiting rhizosphere and provide platform for cell-to-cell microbial interactions. Biofilm- forming rhizobacteria can successfully colonize plant roots and establish symbiotic relations with host. During this association, rhizobacteria are flourished by using plant root exudates, while the bacteria benefit the plants by synthesizing phytohormones, locking soil minerals for plant, protecting them from pathogenic invasions and enhancing plant immunity by improving plant tolerance against various environmental conditions. Indole is an effector molecule in regulating bacterial gene expression related to biofilm production. These interactions are coordinated by bacterially released phytohormones mainly auxin which act as key factor in regulating plant-microbe symbiotic interactions. It is characterized as inter- kingdom signaling molecule that coordinates various plant and rhizobacterial activities. Thus, understanding the nature and interacting behaviors of these molecules would lead to the exploitation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for better plant growth in agricultural fields.
Use of Several Pollution Indices for Metal Contamination Assessment in Aquatic Ecosystems, A Case Study, Ebrié Lagoon-Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Diarrassouba Tuo Adama , Ben Chérif Traoré Issiaka , Trokourey Albert
Published: March 2023

In aquatic ecosystems, trace metals (TMs) are widely studied due to their harmful effects on living organisms and humans. The aim of the present study was to use different pollution indices to characterize the sediments contamination with six TMs (As, Cd, Fe, Hg, Mn and Pb). Sediments samples were collected in April 2006 with a Van Veen grab at five stations located in the Ebrie Lagoon (Côte d’Ivoire). TMs concentrations were determined using an ICP-MS Instrument for the calculation of the contamination index (CI), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF) and Muller’s index of geoaccumulation (Igeo). The CI revealed the sediments contamination in As, Cd and Pb, while CF highlighted their contamination in Hg, As, Fe and Cd. Regarding the PLI, the sediments were uncontaminated with TMs. The EF showed the sediments enrichment with Hg, Pb and As, while the Igeo revealed their pollution with As, Fe, Pb and Cd. In conclusion, the PLI is a useful tool for different locations characterization, while the others (CI, CF, EF, and Igeo) allow individual characterization regarding each TM. Due to high contents in As, Cd and Pb, the studied area need a particular attention.
Advances in Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Abdel-Fahim Rasha
Published: March 2023

Multiple sclerosis is the second most common cause of disability in young adults. Conventional imaging so far failed to explain the extent of clinical disability even by careful examination of white matter lesion volume and their topographical distribution. The increasing availability of ultra-high field imaging allowed the improvement in understanding the dynamic lesional and extralesional pathology in different stages of the disease and their potential contribution to clinical and cognitive disability. The contribution of cortical lesions of different subtypes, the degree of microstructural damage in those lesions has been examined. This is in addition to the influence of white matter lesions and spinal cord pathology on the degree of disability in multiple sclerosis. Prognostic factors influencing long-term disability in patients with multiple sclerosis have also been a subject of interest for many years, particularly their significance in early decision-making with regard to disease-modifying treatment choice and early initiation. The frequency of iron rims in white matter lesions has been linked to increased disease severity in multiple sclerosis. Iron rim lesions’ potential evolution to slowly expanding lesions as well as the long-term prognostic impact of such lesions on the degree of clinical disability has also been examined in this chapter.
Development of Mg-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses and Applications in Biomedical Field
Authors: Li Kun , Xie Guoqiang
Published: March 2023

Mg and its alloys have attracted much attention recently as a biomaterial due to their excellent biocompatibility, similar mechanical properties to bone and biodegradability. However, the rapid degradation proved to be challenging to act as an implant. To improve the corrosion resistance and overcome rapid degradation of Mg-based alloys, researchers have been working on the synthesis of Mg-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs). The first research on Mg-Cu-Y BMG was conducted by Inoue in 1991. Since then, Mg-based BMGs with different systems have been developed. Compared to the crystalline metallic Mg-based implants, the structure of Mg-based BMGs without any regular pattern offers low corrosion reactivity and increase passivity. Mg-based BMGs exhibit a good combination of biological, mechanical and corrosion properties and ease of fabrication. Thus, Mg-based BMGs can be considered an efficient candidate in the biomedical field.
Heavy Metal Speciation, and the Evaluation and Remediation of Polluted Mine Wastes and Soils
Authors: Aguirre Gómez Arturo , Eugenia Gutiérrez Ruiz Margarita
Published: March 2023

The chapter exposes how a sound methodology can be instrumented to both, biogeochemically speciate heavy metal (HM) polluted mine wastes and soils, and to develop solid strategies to agriculturally stabilize and remediate HM-polluted terrestrial environments. Using single- and sequential extraction procedures, polluted environments can be chemically speciated to successfully remediate impacted sites. Once metal(loid) toxic levels are determined, common amendments (compost, P-fertilizers, lime, gypsum) can be added to abate HM levels, and to re-sustain vegetation, based on bioassay results of HM-sensitive plants. The approach addresses first: a) a discussion of concepts and relevant chemistry that apply to study mine tailing materials and soils, via single or multiple HM-fractionation schemes; b) characterizing chemically mine tailings and soils, in terms of the metal(loid)-sorption-complexing affinities, and c) creating a “fertile environment” by agriculturally reconditioning the HM-polluted acidic mine waste to allow the vegetation regrowth, based on bioassay test performance. Results of two successful cases of study are included; one showing the use of single extraction procedures to evaluate phytoavailable/toxic HM levels to agriculturally remediate polluted sites, and another showing the role of sequential extraction procedures to discriminate heavy metal(loid)s of a spill from other metal deposits of the same ore.
Managing Prior Converted Hydric Soils to Support Agriculture Production and Maintain Ecosystem Services: A Dedicated Outreach to the Agriculture Community
Authors: Aide Michael , Siemers Indi Braden Samantha , Svenson Sven , Nakasagga Shakirah , Sargent Kevin , Snider Miriam , Wilson Marissa
Published: March 2023

Hydric soils and prior converted soils are frequently used for agricultural production. Agriculture production and their associated agribusinesses are the chief economic sector; thus, agriculture is critical for rural prosperity. However, the continuous production of grain crops increases the risk of disease and insect outbreaks, which may lead to soil nutrient exhaustion or substantial usage of annual fertilizer amendments, loss of soil carbon, and soil structure degradation attributed primarily to tillage, decrease in biodiversity, and increased soil compaction. At the David M. Barton Agriculture Research Center at Southeast Missouri State University, our focus has been to support profitable agriculture production and environmental stewardship. We have developed a decade-long research program specializing in subsurface controlled irrigation with the gradual development of edge-of-field technologies. We further developed a constructed wetland to address nutrient pollution concerns with confined feeding operations. Pastures associated with the confined feed facility and the constructed wetland have initiated a soil health program. Our evolution has now permitted the David M. Barton Agriculture Research Center to become a regional center to showcase the relationships that support both profitable agriculture and environmental stewardship.
Interpretative Modesty
Authors: McCullagh Mark ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: March 2023

Philosophers have wanted to work with conceptions of word-competence, or concept-possession, on which being a competent practitioner with a word amounts to being a competent judge of its uses by others. I argue that our implicit conception of competence with a word does not have this presupposition built into it. One implication of this is what I call "modesty" in interpretation: we allow for others, uses of words that we would not allow for ourselves. I develop this point by looking at Saul Kripke's discussion of some famous examples given by Benson Mates, concerning beliefs about beliefs. I defend Mates's point against Kripke's claim that an interpreter who is modest in my sense must be "conceptually confused."
The Tragedy of Tragedy
Authors: Schonfeld Eli ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

The following paper analyzes the effect of the Shakespearean text—and Hamlet in particular—on Levinas’s thought. I argue that Levinas’s reading of Shakespeare’s Hamlet played a decisive role in one of the most crucial phenomenological debates to be found in the Levinasian text, namely, the debate with Heidegger on the meaning of death and on the object of Angst (anguish). Analyzing Levinas’s remarks on Hamlet in his philosophical text, this article demonstrates how Shakespeare inspires Levinas’s anti-Heideggerian thesis about anguish being anguish before eternity (and not anguish before death). Moreover, this article analyzes the Hecuba scene from the perspective of Levinas’s philosophy of substitution (where again Shakespeare occupies a central role), and tries to understand the situation of Shakespeare’s tragedy as being “beyond tragedy.”
"The Origin of All Immorality"
Authors: Wright Tamra ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

Although Levinas did not write about The Merchant of Venice, recent scholarship has explored Levinasian themes in the play. However, most of The Merchant instantiates not Levinasian ethics per se, but the cultural and other forces that work against ethics. In particular, theodicy, which Levinas sees as morally scandalous, is deployed by Christian characters to justify their ill-treatment of Shylock. A surface reading of the play would suggest that it is structured around clear binaries, with Christian “mercy” juxtaposed to legalistic, vengeful Jewish “justice.” However, a more nuanced reading, particularly one informed by Levinas’s philosophy, reveals ways in which Shakespeare seems to call these distinctions into question, and uncovers two genuinely ethical moments in the play: Shylock’s “Hath not a Jew eyes?” speech, and his implied, biblically informed critique of the treatment of slaves by Christians in Venetian society.
"And Question This Most Bloody Piece of Work"
Authors: Atterton Peter ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: March 2023

This article surveys the numerous philosophical themes Levinas attributes to Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Detailed discussions are provided of the face as the temptation to commit violence and its prohibition, of the there is as the impossibility of an exit from existence, of the foundational role of con­science in ethics, and of the nature of the tragic hero who seeks to postpone the inevitability of death. I argue that it is only by treating the face as in some sense provoking violence can we hope to understand how the character Macbeth finds it possible to murder Duncan while looking him in the face. This reading requires us to see him as ethically ambivalent, as one might expect from a play in which “nothing is but what is not.” The essay concludes with a brief reflection on why Macbeth manages to evoke our pity, even though we know him to be a murderer.
Choosing a simulation assessment tool:
Authors: SPINDLER HILARY , RANEY JULIA , COHEN SUSANNA , GHOSH RAKESH , DYER JESSICA , CHRISTMAS AMELIA , SIJU MANJU , SHARMA RENU , SRIVASTAVA ROHIT , DAS ARITRA , GORE ABOLI , SAH PRAMOD , SONTHALIA SUNIL , MAHAPATRA TANMAY , WALKER DILYS
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

To explore whether clinical, teamwork, and interpersonal skills of nurses could be monitored inexpensively at scale, we compared two simulation measurement tools at 160 primary health care facilities in Bihar, India. The aim was to determine if the less expensive, less resource-intensive real-time assessment tool (RTAT) could be used in place of the more expensive, more resource-intensive video coding tool.

METHODS

Embedded in a large-scale ongoing nurse mentoring program “AMANAT”, we conducted a cross-sectional study comparing the measurement tools to assess clinical performance in normal and emergency obstetrical and neonatal simulations. The RTAT consisted of a series of seven global questions related to clinical identification, management, use of evidence-based practices, communication and teamwork. We also analysed the simulations using a video coding tool, which included 80 clinical, teamwork and communication indicators. We calculated the means and standard errors for each indicator using both tools. We calculated the Cohen’s kappa coefficient to determine the level of agreement between the two tools.

RESULTS

We analysed paired data from the two tools for 222 simulations in three types of scenarios: normal spontaneous vaginal deliveries, neonatal resuscitations and post-partum haemorrhages. The mean scores on the RTAT were generally higher than those on the video coding tool. The kappa coefficients for all indicators indicated no agreement between the two tools.

CONCLUSION

RTAT performed poorly against the video coding tool to measure the clinical skills of nurses in simulated normal and complicated births at primary health care facilities in Bihar.
Knowledge of HIV Status Among Mothers Accompanying Their Infants for Immunization in Machakos, Kenya, 2014
Authors: NYAGAH LILLY M. , KIRUI ELVIS , YOUNG PETER W. , GIKUNJU JOSEPH , GITHUKU JANE , LOWTHER SARA , KIM ANDREA A.
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUNDElimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is achievable through prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions. For HIV-positive mothers to access PMTCT services, they must be identified through HIV testing and counseling. We sought to measure the proportion of mothers with unknown HIV status and to determine associated factors.

METHODSWe recruited into a cross-sectional study 400 mothers accompanying their infants for routine immunization at mother-child health clinic (MCH) at Machakos Hospital, Kenya, collected information on HIV testing from their antenatal records, and offered opt-out HIV testing to those with unknown HIV status.

RESULTSOverall, 304 (76.0%) mothers had unknown status at MCH, of whom 25 (8.6%) tested HIV-positive. HIV positivity was three times higher among mothers who never tested during pregnancy/delivery versus those whose last negative HIV test was >3 months prior to study enrolment (18% versus 6%). Women living more than three kilometers away from the health facility had 2.7-fold greater odds of having unknown status compared to those who lived less than three kilometers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.6). Married women had 3.2-fold greater odds of having unknown status as compared to those who were single (AOR 3.2, 95% CI 1.4–7.0). Those with education had a tenfold reduction in odds of having unknown status compared to those with none (AOR 0.1, 95% CI 0.0–0.2).

CONCLUSIONInterventions are needed to improve women’s ANC attendance, uptake of HIV testing, and disclosure of HIV status during pregnancy to achieve the elimination of MTCT.
Knowledge, Practices, and Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women Attending Outpatient Clinics in Meru District, Arusha Region, and Northern Tanzania
Authors: MAHANDE MICHAEL J. , ONEKO OLOLA , AMOUR CAROLINE , POLLIE MERIDITH , SMITH CHEYENNE , MBOYA INNOCENT B. , FINKEL MADELON
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Cervical cancer is most prevalent in low- and middle- income countries. Inadequate knowledge on and bad attitude towards cervical cancer preclude cervical cancer screening practices. This study aimed at determining knowledge and practices of cervical cancer screening, and its associated factors among outpatient clinics in Arusha region, more specifically in Meru district.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Meru district between March and April 2019. A total of 706 women aged 18-55 years who attended outpatient clinics in Meru District Hospital, and the USA River Health Centre were studied. Face-to-face interview was conducted. Multivariable log-binomial regressions model was used to analyse data, and to determine factors associated with cervical cancer screening practices. Stata version 14.0 aided the analysis of data.

Results

Majority of participants had poor knowledge on signs of and risk factors for cervical cancer. Over seventy percent (77.2%) had little knowledge on signs, and 62.8% had little knowledge on risk factors for cervical cancer. However, approximately half of participants (53%) had good knowledge on cervical cancer prevention. One-third (32.9%) of participants mentioned that they happened to screen for cervical cancer. Factors associated with cervical cancer screening included, women aged 25-34 years (PR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.37-3.25) and ≥35 years (PR=3.62, 95% CI: 2.36-5.56), having health insurance (PR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.09-1.50), and good knowledge of cervical cancer signs and prevention [(PR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.25-1.80) vs. (PR=1.30, 95%CI 1.05-1.60)].

Conclusion

Few women, a third of participants happened to screened for cervical cancer. Therefore, Knowledge-based intervention is crucial to the uptake of cervical cancer screening.
Unicentric Castleman Disease: Illustration of Its Morphologic Spectrum and Review of the Differential Diagnosis
Authors: El Hussein Siba , Evans Andrew G. , Fang Hong , Wang Wei , Medeiros L. Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Context.—

Unicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is a dynamic entity with a wide spectrum of morphologic findings. UCD can be further subdivided into hyaline-vascular and mixed/plasmacytic variants. Hyaline-vascular UCD has both follicular and interfollicular (stromal) changes, and occasionally these lesions show a skewed representation of either the follicular or stromal compartments. Plasmacytosis is usually minimal in the hyaline-vascular variant. The mixed/plasmacytic variant of UCD is composed of sheets of plasma cells often associated with a variable number of follicles with regressive changes.

Objective.—

To illustrate the differential diagnosis of UCD, as it is quite broad and includes lymphomas, plasma cell neoplasms, stromal neoplasms such as follicular dendritic cell sarcoma and vascular neoplasms, immunoglobulin G4–related disease, infections, and other rare lesions. An additional objective is to enhance awareness of the morphologic features of UCD in excisional and in small core-needle biopsy specimens, the latter of which may inadvertently target follicle- or stroma-rich areas, causing diagnostic challenges.

Data Sources.—

In this review, we provide readers a concise illustration of the morphologic spectrum of UCD that we have encountered in our practice and a brief discussion of entities in the differential diagnosis.

Conclusions.—

UCD exhibits a broad spectrum of morphologic changes, and awareness of these morphologic variations is key to avoid misdiagnosis.
Sosialisasi Budidaya Tanaman Azolla Sebagai Pakan Ternak di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara
Authors: Samah Eri , Tulim Anto , Sriyanto Darmawan , Situmeang Mahyudin , Dewi Dora Silvia , Adriansyah Adriansyah
Published: March 2023

Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah pengaplikasian tridarma perguruan tinggi dalam bentuk memberikan kontribusi kepada masyarakat terkait pengetahuan serta kefakaran dosen. Dalam hal ini melakukan sosialisasi budidaya tanaman azolla. Tempat pelaksanaan PKM ini di Pasantren Darussalam Guntur Batubara. Adapun materi yang disampaikan yaitu cara budidaya azolla, unsur kandungan yang dikandung serta menfaatnya. Diantara keungglan azolla yaitu pembudidayaannya sangat mudah. Kemudian Tumbuhan Azolla berpotensi besar sebagai pakan ternak karena memiliki kadar protein yang tinggi, asam amino esensial, vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin B12, Beta Carotene), serta mineral yang memadai. Tumbuhan Azolla memiliki kandungan protein kasar yang cukup tinggi yaitu sekitar 23 sampai 30 %. Serta memiliki kandungan lignin yang rendah sehingga mudah dicerna oleh ternak. Oleh karena itu tumbuhan Azolla cocok untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai campuran pakan ternak khususnya itik, ayam, kambing, sapi dan kelinci. Dengan kandungan gizi tersebut, menjadikan tumbuhan Azolla sebagai salah satu pengganti pakan yang paling ekonomis dan efisien untuk ternak. Dan dapat pula dijadikan sebagai pakan organik rutin untuk para peternak. Selain jauh lebih murah juga terbukti menjadi andalan para peternak modern untuk meningkatkan berat ternak dan meningkatkan produksi telur ayam dan itik.Kata Kunci : Budidaya; Azolla; Pakan ternak; Pupuk.
Peran E-Commerse dalam Memasarkan Hasil Produksi Lebah Madu untuk Meningkatkan Ekonomi Masyarakat Kelurahan Kampung Baru Kecamatan Medan Maimun
Authors: Nasution Isna Asdiani , Syah Putri Tantri Octora Dwi , Sari Ike Rukmana , Astuty Fuji , Sinaga Annisa Nauli , Lilia Wirda
Published: March 2023

Madu adalah salah satu hasil produksi dari lebah madu yang masih banyak dicari oleh masyarakat yang ada di Indonesia. Tidak hanya dapat dikonsumsi, madu juga bisa diperjual belikan di kalangan masyarakat karena hasil dari penjualan madu ini bisa dijadikan solusi untuk meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat. Salah satu wadah yang bisa kita gunakan adalah e-commerse. E-commerce yaitu sebuah teknologi atau aplikasi untuk menghubungkan antara perusahaan, konsumen, dan masyarakat untuk melakukan transaksi elektronik, pelayanan, dan informasi yang dilakukan secara elektronik. Dengan adanya e-commerse saat ini para penjual dan pembeli dapat dengan mudah melakukan transaksi jual beli tanpa harus pergi keluar rumah dan bertatap muka. Para penjual bisa menjual dagangannya tanpa harus menyewa sebuah toko dan pembeli pun dapat membeli apapun yang sedang dibutuhkan tanpa pergi keluar rumah.Kata kunci: E-Commerse; Memasarkan; Produksi; Lebah Madu.
The Smart Village Approach, a Solid Approach for the Development of the Albanian Agriculture
Authors: PAPAJORGJI Petraq
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the issues facing Albania as a country aiming the membership to the European family. First, European policies for rural areas revitalization are presented and then, the challenges Albania has to overcome to become a EU member and second, to revitalize the rural areas. Small holding size is a major concern as it does not stimulate cooperation amongst farmers. Land legal issues is another problem that needs to be addressed. The revitalization of Albanian rural areas demands investments in ICT and a collaboration between the public and the private sectors.
“Casas de Solidariedade”:
Authors: Miraz de Freitas Grecco Fabiana
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como finalidade esclarecer a respeito do papel desempenhado pelas mulheres, especificamente no que concerne ao desenvolvimento da literatura e de atividades voltadas para a construção de solidariedade entre elas. A partir dos documentos presentes no arquivo da CEI, da Fundação Mário Soares, procuraremos desenvolver uma crítica de viés histórico e literário sobre o contingente feminino e suas ações em prol da atenuação e extinção das diferenças entre os gêneros, prevendo a valorização do contributo feminino no surgimento das literaturas nacionais e do fortalecimento das lutas pelas independências das colônias africanas de Portugal.
O Ensino de Língua Portuguesa na EJA em busca de uma educação antirracista:
Authors: Fernandes Fernanda Kelly Mineiro
Published: March 2023

Este artigo objetiva compreender como o trabalho por meio de sequências didáticas pode tornar mais eficiente o processo de aprendizado, ao considerar a linguagem não só como prática social, mas enquanto mediadora do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Este trabalho propõe o enfrentamento da segregação racial por meio do ensino de Língua Portuguesa na Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Para tanto, será proposto material didático com base no modelo de Sequências Didáticas destinado a alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio dessa modalidade de ensino. O estudo pautou-se, sobretudo, nos princípios teóricos da Linguística Aplicada, nas contribuições de Dolz e Schneuwly (2004) e nos estudos de Almeida (2008). As prescrições curriculares de viés étnico-racial tornaram obrigatórios o ensino de história e cultura africana e a abordagem de temas afro-brasileiros, com vistas à erradicação do racismo. Ao considerar a amplitude e a vastidão do campo sobre currículos, o qual acarreta uma grande possibilidade de recortes nessas investigações, tomamos as aulas de língua, dado o potencial da linguagem, como um campo propício para o tratamento das questões étnico-raciais.
Editorial | Inter/Micro is Back
Authors: Laughlin Gary J.
Published: March 2023

After canceling the Inter/Micro microscopy conference in 2020 and 2021 due to the pandemic, McCrone Research Institute is excited to host it again on Sept. 20 – 23 in Chicago, marking the 72nd anniversary of this international, in-person meeting.
The Dispersion Staining Technique and Its Application to Measuring Refractive Indices of Non-opaque Materials, with Emphasis on Asbestos Analysis
Authors: Su Shu-Chun
Published: March 2023

Refractive index (RI) is the most important optical property of non-opaque materials. It is the leading diagnostic optical property of non-opaque materials, especially asbestos minerals. Dispersion staining (DS) has been proven to be the most effective technique with desirable accuracy for the measurement of asbestos minerals’ RI using the immersion method by polarized light microscopy (PLM). This paper presents a practical procedure for this measurement. To facilitate the analysis, two comprehensive suites of pre-calculated look-up tables for the conversion of the observed matching wavelength to RI were constructed for the two major types of RI liquids: Cargille Laboratories (Cargille) and Delaware Research Institute of Microscopy and Material Characterization LLC (DRIMMC), respectively, covering the range of RI liquids suitable for analyzing the six regulated asbestos minerals. RI liquid calibration in the absence of an Abbe refractometer is discussed. An alternative solution using Cargille optical glass standards is proposed, and two comprehensive suites of pre-calculated look-up tables for both Cargille and DRIMMC liquids are included, covering the range of RI liquids routinely used in the analysis of the six regulated asbestos minerals.
Feasibility of hydropower generation on existing Legedadi water supply scheme, Addis Ababa-Ethiopia
Authors: Lagebo Matusal Lamaro , Mohammed Abdella Kemal
Published: March 2023

Hydropower can be harnessed by installing in-pipe turbines with the reduced cost compared with hydropower dam construction. Legedadi Water Supply Scheme is found in Addis Ababa and is fed by gravity. This research assesses the hydropower potential of the existing large water transmission pipelines in line with their financial viability. The research required the collection of data from pipe flow (for 29 years from the system record) and pipe layout drawings believed to be useful for estimating the power. The available pipe layout drawing was processed to prepare a profile view with the help of AutoCAD CIVIL 3D. From the profile view, the gross heads and length of the pipelines were obtained. The exploitable power and financial viability of the projects were estimated by RET Screen software. The raw water main (DN1200) was discovered to have a head of 12.46 m and to convey up to 1.47 m3/s at 90% exceedance over a length of 550 m. The two treated water mains have a head of 19.15 m with a flow of 1.14 m3/s at 90 % exceedance via DN1200 and 0.29 m3/s at 90% exceedance via DN900 over a length of 18.4 km. The most suitable sites for the installation of turbines were at the inlet of the treatment plant and the Kotebe Terminal Reservoir. The Toshiba Hydro-eKIDS turbine was selected since it might work efficiently with large flow variation.The annual energy output from the raw water main to be obtained was 1,208 Mwh,with an estimated cost of $461,000 and an annual savings or revenue of $75,946. For the treated water mains, 1,193 Mwh (DN1200) and 344 Mwh (DN900) could be extracted with an estimated cost of 414,500$ (DN1200) and 135,900$ (DN900). The annual revenue for treated water mains is 75,068$ (DN1200) and that for DN900 is 18,842$.