bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does poor mental health change the influence of interventions on handwashing in a vulnerable population of rural Malawi? The key role of emotions
Authors: Slekiene Jurgita , Mosler Hans-Joachim
Published: December 2020

Poor mental health is a neglected problem worldwide. People living through humanitarian emergencies suffer not only from scarcity of water, food and poor hygiene but also from poor mental health. Mental disorders can impair health-related daily behavior, handwashing with soap, of vulnerable individuals. However, it is unknown whether handwashing interventions have a different impact on people with poor mental health. A longitudinal study collected data from 638 people in Malawi at baseline and follow-up. We conducted face-to-face interviews with a quantitative questionnaire that used the RANAS approach to behavior change to measure factors underlying handwashing. We assessed mental health using the validated Chichewa version of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Mental health was impaired in 27% of the people assessed. We found a negative relationship between mental health and handwashing after the intervention (r= − 0.083*). The mediation analysis revealed significant indirect effects of mental health on handwashing via factors feelings and difficulty in getting soap for handwashing. These findings imply that mental health assessment should be included in WASH surveys. Interventions that increase positive emotions would make behavior change more successful in populations with a significant proportion of people with poor mental health. This research is especially relevant to emergency contexts.
Association between water, sanitation, and hygiene practices (WASH) and anthropometric nutritional status among selected under-five children in rural Noakhali, Bangladesh: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Ghosh Susmita , Kabir Md. Ruhul , Islam Majharul , Bin Shadat Zehad , Ishat Fahim Sarkar , Hasan Riad , Hossain Ismail , Alam Sayeda Saima , Halima Oumma
Published: December 2020

This study aims to find out how WASH practices may be responsible for the development of diarrheal disease and poor physical growth of under-five children in rural Noakahli, Bangladesh. A case study was conducted among 110 households who had children aged between 0 and 59 months chosen by simple random method at Noakhali district, Bangladesh. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was employed to find the association. About 40.1% of children had diarrhea within 1 week prior to the study and 38.9% had skin problems of different kinds. A significant association between wasting and hand washing before feeding the baby (p < 0.006) was found; stunting and family income also showed association (p < 0.003). Bathing the baby regularly, cleaning toilets, and cleanliness of the baby was found to be strongly associated; not cleaning toilets was associated with a very high risk of getting diarrhea (AOR: 16.397 (1.075–250.013)). Moreover, the unavailability of soaps in toilets increased the risk of diarrheal diseases (COR: 3.933 (1.258–12.296)) in the study population. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in children living in the study area and needs to be addressed by considering the factors which affect this rate.
Real-time neuro-fuzzy controller for pressure adjustment in water distribution systems
Authors: Moreira Hugo Augusto Marinho , Gomes Heber Pimentel , Villanueva Juan Moises Mauricio , Bezerra Saulo de Tarso Marques
Published: December 2020

This work applied a neuro-fuzzy technique for real-time pressure control in water distribution systems with variable demand. The technique acted to control the rotation speed of the pumping system, aiming mainly at increasing energy efficiency. Fuzzy, neural and neuro-fuzzy controllers were tested in an experimental setup to compare their performances in a transient regime, a permanent regime, and with respect to disturbances applied to the system. To evaluate the efficiency of the system, a demand variation curve was emulated for different operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the neuro-fuzzy controller (NFC) presented a significant increase in pumping system efficiency and a reduction in specific energy consumption of up to 79.7% when compared to the other controllers. Target pressures were kept close to the set-point values with low hydraulic transients and maintained satisfactory stability (error <8%) under severe situations of demand variation. It is concluded that the NFC presented superior results when compared with the other analyzed controllers.
Estratégias de Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos na Produção de Leite como Alternativa para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Buttenbender Bruno Nonnemacher , Barden Julia Elisabete
Published: December 2020

A produção de leite é hoje, uma atividade de relevância social, econômica e ambiental. No viés ambiental, observa-se o consumo e gestão dos recursos hídricos, que por vezes acabam por vezes não recebendo a devida atenção. Frente à crescente preocupação com a sustentabilidade da sociedade em geral, tem-se como objetivo do estudo identificar e propor estratégias de gestão dos recursos hídricos na criação de bovinos de leite, de maneira a fomentar o desenvolvimento sustentável. Para tal, observou-se quatro propriedades rurais que adotam os sistemas intensivo e semiextensivo de criação de bovinos de leite. Estruturou-se assim, as seguintes estratégias de gestão para os recursos hídricos: Administrar o montante de alimento concentrado ingerido; Gerir a água consumida enquanto serviços de higienização e dessedentação; adotar a rotatividade dos piquetes no pastejo; Controlar a proporção de animais em fase de lactação com o rebanho; e por último, A produtividade deste.
Estudo morfo-anatômico de Hortia oreadica e análise da composição química dos óleos essenciais das folhas, flores e frutos
Authors: Santos Danillo Luiz dos , Ferreira Heleno Dias , Paula José Realino de , Sá Stone de , Ferri Pedro Henrique , Fiuza Tatiana De Sousa
Published: December 2020

Hortia oreadica (Rutaceae), conhecida como quina-do-campo e para-tudo, é utilizada popularmente como estimulante e estomáquica. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram realizar: a descrição morfológica e o estudo do comportamento dos indivíduos de H. oreadica em relação às variações sazonais; o estudo anatômico das folhas e caule jovem; a triagem fitoquímica do pó das folhas e identificar os componentes do óleo essencial das inflorescências, folhas e frutos. Os estudos morfológicos da planta e anatômicos das folhas e caule jovem foram realizados de acordo com as técnicas convencionais de anatomia vegetal. Os óleos essenciais foram obtidos por hidrodestilação em um aparelho de Clevenger e analisados por CG/EM. Observou-se que H. oreadica é um subarbusto, com folhas simples e alternas. Lâmina foliar glabra em ambas as faces com pontos translúcidos. Inflorescência corimbo de dicásio, com cerca de 580 flores; ramos espessos. Flor com coloração variando do rosa ao vináceo e com néctar copioso. Fruto verde, capsular e sementes pretas. Anatomicamente verificaram cavidades secretoras, cristais prismáticos, e estômatos predominantemente anomocíticos. Os componentes majoritários no óleo essencial das folhas, flores e frutos foram: o amorfa-4,7(11)-dieno e o biciclogermacreno.  O estudo morfológico de H. oreadica contribuiu para a compreensão do comportamento dos indivíduos adultos, em relação às variações sazonais. A análise anatômica das folhas e caule jovem forneceu parâmetros para a correta identificação botânica desta espécie. Este trabalho apresentou a composição química do óleo essencial das folhas, flores e frutos de H. oreadica, coletados em Pirenopólis (Goiás).
Estado, Filantropia e Hanseníase: A Centralização da Assistência aos Atingidos pela Doença
Authors: Maciel Roseli Martins Tristão , Da Silva Leicy Francisca
Published: December 2020

Analisamos neste artigo o processo de elaboração de medidas centralizadas de combate a lepra, no Brasil, no período posterior a 1930, quando a organização do Estado nacional sob os parâmetros do Estado capitalista moderno, separando as esferas, pública e privada, busca a racionalização e burocratização da administração pública. A questão que pontua nossa leitura é como se empreende a relação entre o Estado e as instituições filantrópicas surgidas na década de 1920? Observamos que o Estado racional moderno busca institucionalizar, organizar num quadro legal, e definir por meio de projetos e medidas as ações destinadas a profilaxia e controle daquela enfermidade. A discussão sobre o modelo de assistência e instituição competente para tal desiderato foi o mote para uma disputa envolvendo o Estado e os representantes pelas ações filantrópicas e privadas anteriormente constituídas. Desta luta, resulta a centralização, a regulamentação da política antileprótica e a constituição do Serviço Nacional de Lepra e do seu Plano Nacional de Combate à Lepra. Essa monopolização se dá em âmbito federal e abarca inclusive as ações assistenciais e filantrópicas na Federação das Sociedades de Assistência aos Lázaros e Defesa contra a Lepra, diretamente subordinada aos órgãos do Estado nacional brasileiro, precisamente ao Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública.
O Hedonismo de Alunos Universitários e suas Consequências
Authors: Domingues Maria José Carvalho de Souza , Borges Gustavo Da Rosa
Published: December 2020

Embora o hedonismo seja um assunto corriqueiramente debatido em estudos de comportamento do consumidor, pouco ainda se sabe se ele pode ser evidenciado no contexto universitário. Mais do que isto, ainda há lacunas para entender as consequências do mesmo para alunos em ambiente acadêmico. Para tanto, pretende-se verificar a decorrência do hedonismo de alunos universitários, analisando a relação entre hedonismo, confiança, apego emocional, lealdade e propaganda boca a boca. Por meio de uma survey descritiva e quantitativa com a participação de 513 alunos de duas universidades locais do sul do país, percebeu-se haver hedonismo no contexto universitário e como decorrência, alunos que sentem hedonismo, tendem a sentir confiança, apego emocional e tendem e ser leais a sua universidade. Por outro lado, o hedonismo é inversamente proporcional à propaganda boca a boca; ou seja, quem sente mais hedonismo menos divulgam sua universidade. Os resultados sugerem que gestores universitários também devem se preocupar com a percepção hedônica de seus alunos.
Diagnóstico dos Subsunçores dos Estudantes sobre Evolução Biológica: O Mapa Conceitual como Ferramenta de Investigação
Authors: Souza Mariana Carvalho de , Santos Solange Xavier dos
Published: December 2020

A Evolução Biológica (EB) representa uma teoria unificadora de todas as áreas das Ciências Biológicas, porém seu ensino é uma preocupação não só no Brasil, mas também no mundo, devido aos conflitos com ideias e conceitos equivocados, enraizados cognitivamente nos alunos. Visando desenvolver subsídios para facilitar o ensino aprendizagem da EB, fundamentados na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, este trabalho objetivou realizar um levantamento dos subsunçores relacionados ao conhecimento da EB entre estudantes do Ensino Médio, fazendo uso de Mapas Conceituais (MC) como instrumento de investigação. Para tanto, foi ministrada aos estudantes participantes uma oficina abordando noções básicas para a construção de MC, culminando com a construção por cada participante de seus próprios MC relacionados à EB. A análise desses MC permitiu identificar deficiências na compreensão de conceitos evolutivos, além de uma visão simplista e lamarckista da EB. Com isso, constatamos que os MC, usados como instrumento de investigação possibilitaram aos alunos livre expressão, revelando os aspectos cognitivos do seu processo de aprendizagem sobre EB.
Gestión del Conocimiento, Tecnología e Innovación: Una Historia de Desarrollo Institucional a partir de Muhammad Yunus
Authors: Guzmán José Luis Ruiz , Castaño Víctor Manuel
Published: December 2020

Se presentan nuevos enfoques filosóficos, epistemológicos y metodológicos para la gestión del conocimiento, tecnología e innovación en un contexto de mercado, es decir una epistemología corporativa, empresarial e institucional para fomentar la innovación como competencia organizacional para impulsar la generación de riqueza y bienestar social. La innovación institucional incluye: a) El diseño de nuevas extensiones de los sentidos, b) La articulación de las tecnologías y c) El aseguramiento del impacto de las ideas en el mercado. El paradigma actual se basa en los sistemas sociales, políticos, económicos y tecnológicos, distinto al dilema del hombre frente a la naturaleza y el equilibrio y orden del cosmos. Se propone el Laboratorio y Observatorio de Oportunidades Simuladas, LOBOS, para el aprendizaje de hacer y dejar hacer a través de la observación multidisciplinaria de la complejidad de los fenómenos colaborativos y competitivos para discernir y atrapar las oportunidades del mercado mediante el análisis matricial. Permite la construcción de conocimiento prospectivo del mercado, donde sobrevivan la mente y el pensamiento frente al desinterés de los actores sociales. Consolidar el costo/beneficio de la gestión del conocimiento, tecnología e innovación permite apoyar la consolidación del cuerpo teórico de gestión del conocimiento, tecnología e innovación con el apoyo de la filosofía política, de la ciencia y la tecnología, la epistemología corporativa, empresarial e institucional y el estudio de los métodos apoyado por la teoría de Juegos. LOBOS constituye un recurso de interacción, iteracción e integración de la cualidad volitiva del genoma organizacional de las instituciones dirigido al aprendizaje y la innovación de las organizaciones en un entorno de incertidumbre creciente. Para argumentar las bondades de LOBOS y asegurar el impacto de las ideas en gestión de la innovación, se analiza la historia de aprendizaje exitosa de Muhammad Yunus en la fundación y desarrollo del banco Grameen.
Identification of ethnogenetic differences in genetic markers in the clinical course and damage to target organs in arterial hypertension in Russians and Buryats
Authors: Kovaleva A. , Kokh N. , Voronina E. , Donirova O. , Zelenskаyа E. , Slepukhina A. , Lifshits G.
Published: December 2020

Аim. To study the influence of genetic factors on the severity of essential аrteriаl hypertension (AH) clinical outcomes in patients of Russian and Buryаt ethnicity.Methods. Our study included 206 patients with а diagnosis of essential AH: 136 patients were of Russiаn аnd 70 patients were of Buryаt ethnicity. Pаtients were evаluаted for the following genotype markers; АCE, АDRB1, АDRB2, АDRB3, NOS3, АGT, EDN1, GNB3, and STK39.Results. Allele T of GNB3 was аssociаted with high blood pressure in Russiаn аnd Buryаt patients. In Buryat patients, locus rs934379 of EDN1 was аssociаted with high blood pressure, whereas allele G of the same marker was associated with increased heart damage risk. In Russians, allele I of ACE was protective towards the development of left ventricular hypertrophy.Conclusion. Our data revealed ethnogenetic differences in the genetic features of essential AH. We identified the patients severe hypertension among two etnhic group. Studying ethnic genetic markers for essential AH facilitates a greater understanding of the genetic predisposition underlying this condition.
Received 2 July 2020. Revised 31 August 2020. Accepted 9 September 2020.
Funding: The work is supported by grant of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 19-315-80032).
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Author contributionsConception and design: N.V. Kokh, E.M. Zelenskаyа, G.I. LifshitsData collection and analysis: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. LifshitsStatistical analysis: N.V. KokhDrafting the article: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. LifshitsCritical revision of the article: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. LifshitsFinal approval of the version to be published: A.Yа. Kovаlevа, N.V. Kokh, E.N. Voroninа, O.S. Donirovа, E.M. Zelenskаyа, A.A. Slepukhina, G.I. Lifshits
Non-invasive electrophysiological cardiac mapping from development to practice
Authors: Artyukhina E. , Yashkov M. , Revishvili A.
Published: December 2020

In modern interventional arrhythmology, invasive endocardial mapping systems can eliminate arrhythmias with a high degree of efficiency. However, invasive mapping systems have several disadvantages, such as: the invasiveness of the method, which requires some preparation and has a number of limitations; the impossibility of simultaneous determination of electrophysiological processes occurring throughout the heart; the complexity of mapping when the arrhythmia focus is located in hard-to-reach anatomical structures; localization of the focus on the epicardial surface of the heart and occasional and difficult-to-induce arrhythmias during surgery.In clinical practice, it became necessary to develop and implement systems for superficial non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart. The main difference between superficial non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart and other techniques is that after processing all the information, it is possible to receive a holistic picture of electrophysiological processes occurring throughout the heart in real time instead of receiving separately recorded signals and information from several chambers of the heart.In this article, we describe the history of the development and implementation of superficial non-invasive electrophysiological cardiac mapping and the potential use of the diagnostic method in treating the various types of arrhythmias. A brief technique of carrying out this diagnostic method is described. Further directions regarding the development and improvement of this research method are also discussed, such as developing and improving the system for visualizing heart processes occurring in real time, improving the treatment of patients with cardiac arrhythmias, introducing non-invasive mapping of heart data into the systems used for invasive electroanatomical mapping of the heart and integrating the method with systems for non-invasive ablation.The non-invasive mapping system of the heart is a modern progressive and constantly evolving diagnostic method that enables visualizing the electrophysiological processes occurring in the human heart with high accuracy in a non-invasive manner. To determine tactics of treatment, decide on an interventional approach and select the optimal technology at the preoperative stage for treating patients with various rhythm disturbances in their hearts.Received 19 November 2020 г. Revised 9 December 2020 г. Accepted 14 December 2020 г.Funding: The work is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-15-00406).Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
The first experience of gene therapy for the complex treatment of no-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia
Authors: Chervyakov Yu. , Ha H.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To evaluate the effects of complex treatments with no-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia patients with ulcers, using plasmid-based vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF-165) gene therapy in a one year follow-up period.Methods. In total, 43 patients with no-option chronic limb-threatening ischemia were enrolled in a one year follow-up study. All patients received standard conservative treatment in combination with gene therapy. The mean patient age was 68.0 ± 9.8 years; 65 % men and 35 % women. Patients were divided into four subgroups according to WIfI (Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection) combinations: 130 — 37 % (n = 16); 131 — 21 % (n = 9); 230 — 21 % (n = 9), and 231 — 21 % (n = 9). Effectiveness criteria were set at major amputation rates, amputation-free survival rates, total mortality, and rates of ulcer healing in the one year follow-up period.Results. Major amputation rates, amputation-free survival rates, total mortality, and rates of ulcer healing during the one year follow-up were; 28, 63, 12 and 51 %, respectively. Separately, a subgroup of WIfI 130 combination patients experienced significant improvements (p = 0.01): amputation-free survival — 94 %, limb salvage rates — 100 %, and rate of ulcer healing — 88 %.Conclusion. Using a plasmid-based VEGF-165 gene therapy approach in the subgroup with the WIfI 130 combination was beneficial. Gene therapy was not effective in patients with large ulcer areas and depth, and local infections (subgroups; 230 and 231). The higher WIfI combinations led to an increase in major amputation rates, reduced amputation-free survival and ulcer healing rates. Total mortality was independently not associated with ulcer area and depth, and severity of local infection. Total mortality between subgroups 130, 131, 230, 231 for WIfI combinations during 1 year of follow-up was not statistically differences (log-rank test, p = 0.67)
Received 2 June 2020. Revised 16 October 2020. Accepted 28 October 2020.
Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TOP SOIL INCEPTISOL DAN KOMPOS PADA TAILING AMALGAMASI TERHADAP PANJANG SULUR, DIAMETER SULUR DAN JUMLAH CABANG TANAMAN UBI JALAR (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Authors: Herliana Indra , Suryatmana Pujawati , Hindersah Reginawanti , Noviardi Rhazista
Published: December 2020

Tailings are waste generated from the processing of gold ore. The tailings in Kertajaya Village, Sukabumi are generally dumped into a pond or garden which is then used by the community to grow crops. The characteristics of the tailings, which contain low organic matter, microorganism activity, CEC and essential nutrients, make it necessary to improve their condition. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding top soil and compost to the tailings on the growth of sweet potatoes in the vegetative phase. This experiment used a factorial randomized block design with two factors, namely a top soil-tailing ratio of 3 levels (70: 30% w/w; 50: 50% w/w; and 30: 70% w/w) and a compost dose of 4. level (without compost (control); 10 t ha-1; 20 t ha-1; and 30 t ha-1) with 3 replications. The results showed that the combination of the addition of top soil ratios and the dose of compost to the tailings had no effect on the addition of tendrils length, tendril diameter and number of sweet potato branches during the vegetative phase. The addition of 70% top soil independently on the tailings had an effect on the highest increase in tendril length, tendril diameter and number of branches of sweet potato. Meanwhile, the application of compost dosage of 30 t ha-1 had the highest effect on the number of branches of sweet potato.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN TANAMAN SORGUM (Shorgum bicolor) DI KECAMATAN BILAH BARAT, KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU
Authors: Harahap Fitra Syawal , Rahmaniah R , Sidabuke Simon Haholongan , Zuhirsyan Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Sorghum has great potential to be cultivated and developed commercially because it has wide adaptability, high productivity, is resistant to plant pests and is more resistant to marginal conditions. Land evaluation is useful as a basis for sector development in an area that is useful for reorganizing the existing land use to assist in making land use planning decisions. This study that was aimed to evaluate land suitability for sorghum was conducted descriptively using the survey method. The sampling method used was based on a land map unit with a free grid system. The land evaluation was carried out by matching and comparing land characteristics with land suitability class criteria to obtain land suitability classes for sorghum plants in Bilah Barat District, Labuhanbatu Regency. There were six soil sample points collected at a depth of 0-60 cm to determine the value of soil characteristics. The results showed that the cultivated sorghum in Bilah Barat District, Labuhanbatu Regency of 12,829 ha which has the actual land suitability class for sorghum is Nwa with the potential land suitability class is S2tcwa.
O ex-jogador de futebol Arthur Friedenreich em museus da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Abrahão Bruno , Caldas Francisco , Soares Antonio
Published: December 2020

Arthur Friedenreich é um dos primeiros ídolos na memória do futebol brasileiro. No que diz respeito à escrita da história deste esporte no Brasil às voltas com os mecanismos da identidade nacional, qual leitura podemos fazer sobre a apresentação do seu principal personagem nas primeiras décadas do século XX? A fim de responder a esta pergunta, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar os escritos e as imagens sobre o ex-jogador Arthur Friedenreich em museus da cidade de São Paulo. Como fontes, utilizou-se o conteúdo de três exposições dessa cidade. Para a análise das imagens fotográficas, baseamo-nos em conceitos de sentido denotativo e conotativo presentes em uma imagem fotográfica e, para textualidades, em uma análise documental. Os resultados revelaram que estas exposições procuraram apresentar o ex-jogador como um dos heróis negros ou mulatos do futebol que, pela competência e mérito no jogo, contribuiu não só para a democratização da modalidade no país, mas também expressou a especificidade do “racismo à brasileira”. Recorrentemente rememorado pelos museus que guardam a memória do futebol brasileiro, a biografia de Friedenreich chama a atenção para o sucesso do primeiro grande ídolo como orgulho étnico e nacional do país, ao mesmo tempo em que revela as ambiguidades da identificação racial no Brasil.
As danças do Nordeste brasileiro nos museus sobre Luiz Gonzaga “o rei do baião”
Authors: Almeida Carla , Abrahão Bruno , Caldas Francisco
Published: December 2020

De que maneira os museus enquanto lugares da memória de Luiz Gonzaga representam sua participação no processo de mediação cultural das danças regionais – xote, xaxado e baião –para o restante do país? A fim de responder a esta questão, nosso objetivo foi analisar o papel dos museus que tematizam a biografia de Luiz Gonzaga como instrumento de preservação histórica das danças do Sertão do Nordeste brasileiro. Para tanto, tomamos como conteúdo cinco matérias, oito fotos, um filme e uma letra musical encontradas em três museus nas cidades de Exu, Serra Talhada e Recife no estado do Pernambuco – Brasil. Além das fontes documentais, valemo-nos da entrevista semiestruturada para captar a visão dos dirigentes dos museus. Concluímos que as matérias sobre Luiz Gonzaga nas fontes documentais cumprem a função pedagógica do ensino destas danças através de suas ações de preservação, contribuindo para o processo de expansão das danças regionais no resto do país.
Prevalence of Trypanosomiasis (Surra) in Horses of Saurashtra Region in Gujarat
Authors: Dodiya PG , Patel JS , Prasad Amit , Parmar VL , Vaja VB
Published: December 2020

Surra is one of the fatal diseases of the horse caused by Trypanosoma evansi. The disease is characterized by fever, progressive emaciation, anemia, subcutaneous edema, nervous signs, and death. To know the epidemiological status of surra in horses, retrospective information was retrieved by scrutinizing the data bank of the Veterinary Clinical Complex, JAU, Junagadh for three years (2013-15) covering 633 equine cases. According to symptoms, the incidence of surra was 10.64% (28/263) among medicinal cases, of which 57.14% (16/28) had shown signs of hemoprotozoon disease and 50.00% (8/16) were confirmed to have Trypanosoma evansi on blood smear examinations. Overall the clinical prevalence of T. evansi was 2.52% of the total equine cases (16/633). The age-wise incidence was higher in adult horses (68.75%) followed by yearling (25.00%) and foal (6.25%). The breed-wise incidence of T. evansi was higher in Kathiawari breed (68.75%) followed in descending order in non-descript (18.75 %) and Marwari breed (12.50%). The incidence was higher in female (68.75%) than the male. The season-wise prevalence rate of T. evansi was higher in monsoon (July-October) (75.00%) than winter season (25.00%), while no case was observed in summer.
Comparative Socio-Economic and Personal Characteristics of Specialized Dairy Farms of North and South Gujarat Regions
Authors: Sorathiya L. M. , Gadhavi DN , Rathva AL
Published: December 2020

A study was carried out to compare the socio-economic and personal characteristics of commercial dairy farms/owners of north and south Gujarat. The data were collected from specialized dairy farms, each from the north and south Gujarat. Ten specialized dairy farms with a herd size of more than 40 heads were selected randomly from Sabarkantha and Banaskantha districts as a sample of north Gujarat agro-climatic region and 10 farms were selected from Surat, Bharuch and Navsari districts as a sample from south Gujarat agro-climatic zone. The data were collected from dairy farm owners by administering the questionnaire. The results showed that the majority (60%) of dairy farms had livestock along with agriculture as main source of income, whereas 40% respondents had only livestock enterprise as a main source of income. Only 15% of dairy farms had other non-agricultural activities or business together with livestock. The percentage of dairy farms that had other business together with livestock was slightly higher in south region. The study revealed that majority of the respondents (55%) were of the middle age group, 40% were graduates, and 75% had experience in dairy farming for 5-10 years. Regarding the benefits of subsidy, most of the respondents availed subsidy for various farm-related purposes. About 80% of the dairy farms had taken subsidy for livestock in the north region compared to only 30% of the dairy farms in south Gujarat.
Obstetrical Management of Hydrocephalic Fetal Monster in a Tharparker Cow: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Pramod , G Sasi , Kumar Tapendra , Bhalothia Shivendra Kumar
Published: December 2020

Hydrocephalus condition is described either as an external or an internal. In the external hydrocephalus (Vidya Sagar et al., 2010), fluid accumulates in the subarachnoid space exterior to the brain, whereas in the internal hydrocephalus fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain. There are several forms of congenital deformity in the bovine fetus. Among them, congenital hydrocephalus has been described in cattle (Purohit et al., 2006; Dar et al., 2012; Ravikumar et al., 2013; Tripathi et al., 2014; Prakash et al., 2016; Megahed, 2017; Chhetri et al., 2018 ) and buffalo (Salunke et al., 2001; Kumaresan et al., 2003; Pandey et al., 2010). The diagnosis of the condition is easy if the fetus is in an anterior presentation. In fetuses with very large heads, puncture of the head with a trochar is advocated to relieve dystocia, along with routine obstetric maneuvers (Salunke et al., 2001) Sometimes, the calf may be born normally (Vidya Sagar et al., 2010) or by cesarean section when required (Kumaresan et al., 2003; Megahed, 2017). This paper aims to report a case of fetal hydrocephalus delivered per vaginally after obstetrical management in a Tharparker cow.
Comparative Plasma Endocrine, Metabolic and Mineral Profile of Cyclic, Acyclic, Endometritic and Pregnant Buffaloes
Authors: Patel Binal R. , Panchal MT , Dhami AJ , Sarvaiya NP , Pathan MM
Published: December 2020

Circulating concentrations of hormones, metabolites, and minerals reflect the physio-pathological status of reproduction in animals. This study was carried out on infertile (anestrus, endometritic), normal healthy cyclic and pregnant buffaloes to evaluate the comparative plasma progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) hormones, plasma total protein, total cholesterol, calcium, and phosphorus profile. The study showed higher mean plasma E2 and lower P4 levels in the follicular phase of estrous cycle in buffaloes. Significantly (p less than 0.05) higher mean plasma P4 level and lower E2 levels were recorded during the luteal phase and in endometritic and pregnant buffaloes. Total plasma protein concentration was non-significantly higher in normal cyclic than acyclic and endometritic buffaloes. It was also comparatively lower in buffalo with 9 months of pregnancy than 3 and 6 months of pregnancy. The mean plasma total cholesterol level was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in pregnant than acyclic and endometritic buffaloes. Cyclic buffaloes had significantly (p less than 0.05) higher mean plasma calcium levels than acyclic buffaloes. Plasma phosphorus concentration, however, did not show any significant difference between different stages of the reproductive cycle.
Evaluation of Sperm Velocity Parameters with Glutathione and Honey in Skim Milk Based Extenders by CASA on Boer Buck
Authors: Arakeri Suresh , Tandle MK , Vinay PT , Bijurkar RG , Suranagi MD , Rao Jagannath , Kulkarni S
Published: December 2020

The study aimed to evaluate the Boer buck sperm velocity (μm/sec) parameters (VCL: Curvilinear Velocity, VAP: Average Path Velocity and VSL: Straight line Velocity) with 5 mM Glutathione (G) and 1% or 2% Honey (H) in Skim milk (SM) based extenders preserved at refrigeration temperature for 0, 24, 48 and 72 hrs. A total of 72 ejaculates were collected equally from 6 mature bucks at the weekly interval by using Artificial Vagina (AV) as per the standard procedure. All the ejaculates were diluted using six Skim milk-based extenders, viz. SME, SMGE, SMGH(1%)E, SMGH(2%)E, SMH(1%)E and SMH(2%)E. The sperm motility was evaluated by CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer). The data obtained was statistically analyzed. The results showed that sperm velocity parameters (VCL, VAP, and VSL) differed significantly (p less than 0.05) from the extender to extender at 24, 48, and 72 hours of refrigeration. Supplementation of optimum concentration of glutathione (5 mM) and honey (1%) maintained better sperm velocity parameters up to 72 hours of storage compared to other extenders and was successful in the preservation of buck spermatozoa at refrigeration temperature. Hence, It was concluded that Boer buck semen could be preserved effectively with SMGH(1%)E at refrigeration temperature for sperm velocity parameters up to 72 hours of storage.
Migratory Sheep Farming Practices in Cauvery Delta Zone in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Chander Mahesh , Kannadhasan MS , Bardhan D
Published: December 2020

Migratory sheep, due to its movement, poses threat of spreading diseases among small ruminants. Considering this, the study was carried out to identify the focus area of extension intervention among the migratory sheep farmers to disseminate scientifically recommended practices which minimize disease risk and enhance flock health. The study was conducted following ex post fact research design at Venganur village, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, data were personally collected from 30 migratory sheep farmers who were selected purposively. The findings were subjected to focussed group interview involving seven farmers. The results envisaged a wider difference among the farmers from 100 per cent non-adoption of balanced ration to 100.00 per cent adoption of deworming. Therefore, extension interventions need to be intensified to educate the farmers on technologies which help in disease prevention and control.
Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Essential Oils as an Alternative to Antibiotic Growth Promoter on Performance of Commercial Broilers
Authors: Mishra RK , C Rajalekshmi , Savaliya Fulabhai P , Patel Atul B , Lunagariya Pravin M , Bhagora Nitesh J
Published: December 2020

An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of thyme and peppermint essential oils (EO) as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) on the performance of broiler chicken. Total 256 day-old Vencobb broiler chicks were randomly distributed into eight experimental groups with four replicates of eight birds each. Experimental groups were fed with control diet without supplementation of AGP and essential oils (T1), BMD (Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate) antibiotic @ 500 mg/kg diet (T2), thyme essential oil @ 150 mg/kg diet (T3), 200 mg/kg diet (T4), 250 mg/kg diet (T5), peppermint essential oil @ 200 mg/kg diet (T6), 250 mg/kg diet (T7) and 300 mg/kg diet (T8). The supplementation of thyme oil @ 200 mg/kg and peppermint oil @ 300 mg/kg broiler diet significantly (p less than 0.05) improved b.wt. and b.wt gain. The peppermint oil supplementation @ 300 mg/kg was found to be more beneficial when compared among different oil-supplemented groups. The feed conversion ratio was significantly (p less than 0.05) improved with peppermint oil supplementation @ 300 mg/kg diet. A significant (p less than 0.05) reduction in the mean abdominal fat was observed in diet supplemented with higher levels of thyme oil (@ 250 mg/kg diet) and peppermint oil (@ 300 mg/kg diet). Return over feed cost was the highest in broilers assigned diet with AGP; however, it was statistically similar to the basal diet. Considering the net return over fed cost of broilers, use of thyme oil was uneconomical, but supplementation of peppermint essential oil @ 200 and 300 mg/kg diet increased the net return over feed cost and were economical, however less as compared to T1 and T2.
Effect of Different Floor Types on Growth Performance and Feed Conversion Ratio of Mehsana Goat Kids
Authors: Patel Jigar V. , Chauhan Haresh D , Srivastava Amit Kumar , Pawar Mahesh M , Patel Vikram K
Published: December 2020

This study was done to evaluate the effect of different floor types on growth performance and feed conversion ratio of weaned Mehsana goat kids for a period of 84 days. Twenty-seven weaned (3 months old) Mehsana goat kids having nearly identical body weights (10-12 kg) were randomly divided into three uniform groups having 9 kids (4 males and 5 females) in each group and reared on three different types of floors, viz., group A: katcha floor, B: bricks floor, and C: concrete floor. All the kids were reared under standard management system of goat rearing with strict hygiene and various parameters of production performance were recorded. Mean body weights in kids of groups A, B and C were 13.56±0.25, 13.60±0.26, and 13.87±0.27 kg, respectively. The corresponding average daily body weight gains were 35.89±2.74, 34.08±2.24, 39.23±4.10 g/day and feed conversion ratio 09.95±0.70, 08.99±0.52, 08.92±0.81, respectively. The differences among treatment groups were found non-significant for all three parameters. Incidences of disease occurrence and parasitic infestation were not noticed in kids of any group. It may be concluded that provision of different floor types, viz., katcha, bricks and concrete had no significant effect on growth performance, feed conversion ratio, disease incidence and parasitic infestation in the Mehsana kids. Further, from the study it may be inferred that economically weaker farmers may rear their kids on katcha floor with strict hygiene and attain the growth rate at par with other flooring systems.
The Online Health Information Needs of Family Physicians: Systematic Review of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies
Authors: van der Keylen Piet , Tomandl Johanna , Wollmann Katharina , Möhler Ralph , Sofroniou Mario , Maun Andy , Voigt-Radloff Sebastian , Frank Luca
Published: December 2020

Background

Digitalization and the increasing availability of online information have changed the way in which information is searched for and retrieved by the public and by health professionals. The technical developments in the last two decades have transformed the methods of information retrieval. Although systematic evidence exists on the general information needs of specialists, and in particular, family physicians (FPs), there have been no recent systematic reviews to specifically address the needs of FPs and any barriers that may exist to accessing online health information.

Objective

This review aims to provide an up-to-date perspective on the needs of FPs in searching, retrieving, and using online information.

Methods

This systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies searched a multitude of databases spanning the years 2000 to 2020 (search date January 2020). Studies that analyzed the online information needs of FPs, any barriers to the accessibility of information, and their information-seeking behaviors were included. Two researchers independently scrutinized titles and abstracts, analyzing full-text papers for their eligibility, the studies therein, and the data obtained from them.

Results

The initial search yielded 4541 studies for initial title and abstract screening. Of the 144 studies that were found to be eligible for full-text screening, 41 were finally included. A total of 20 themes were developed and summarized into 5 main categories: individual needs of FPs before the search; access needs, including factors that would facilitate or hinder information retrieval; quality needs of the information to hand; utilization needs of the information available; and implication needs for everyday practice.

Conclusions

This review suggests that searching, accessing, and using online information, as well as any pre-existing needs, barriers, or demands, should not be perceived as separate entities but rather be regarded as a sequential process. Apart from accessing information and evaluating its quality, FPs expressed concerns regarding the applicability of this information to their everyday practice and its subsequent relevance to patient care. Future online information resources should cater to the needs of the primary care setting and seek to address the way in which such resources may be adapted to these specific requirements.
Detection of 16S Mitochondrial Gene Polymorphism on Barb Fish (Barbodes binotatus Valenciennes, 1842) from Lake Lebo Taliwang, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Arisuryanti Tuty , Alfianti Astin , Firdaus Nadya Ulfa Nida' , Hakim Lukman
Published: December 2020

The spotted barb fish (Barbodes binotatus), a tropical cyprinid fish, is one of the abundant fishes in Lake Lebo Taliwang commonly consumed due to high nutrition and utilized as an aquarium trade due to their exotic colour. However, no genetic information related to the intra-population genetic variation of the fish species in Lake Lebo Taliwang. Genetic information of the spotted barb fish can play an important role for the fish conservation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to detect 16S mitochondrial gene polymorphism of the spotted barb fish which can be used to detect their genetic variation. The method used in this study was a PCR method with primers 16Sar and 16Sbr. The data was then analysed using MESQUITE, MEGA, DnaSP and PopART to identify 16S mitochondrial gene polymorphism. This study obtained 610 base pairs after alignment of 16S sequences of all samples. Five haplotypes were detected with 9 variable sites and 2 parsimony informative sites. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the spotted barb fish were 1.00 and 0.0066 respectively. In addition, genetic distance among the samples was 0.66. This finding exhibited polymorphism on 16S gene sequence among the fish samples and this data indicated genetic variation of the spotted barb from Lake Lebo Taliwang.
Sociological Understanding of Professional and Institutional Ethics
Authors: Abramov Roman , Bykov Andrey
Published: December 2020

The paper studies the issue of the importance of studying professional ethics with the help of theories and approaches of sociology of professions, sociology of morality and modern sociological theory. It raises the question of the ratio of individual moral standing to the requirements of professional ethics. The paper also outlines the key features of the conflicts arising in professional environment, such as in the situations provoking ethical dilemma conditioned by external institutional factors and the logic of managerialism. The authors focus on the ethical stress in the academia regarding the relationship between academic professionals and admini­strative staff. The paper raises the question of professional ethics in maturing communities, and describes the corporate volunteering practices. Prospects for studying professional ethics, including the need for empirical study of toxic moral choices in professional area and the manipulative risks of applying formal codes of ethics in order to gain power in professional environment, are outlined.
Liberty Style in Turin
Authors: Shtol'der Natal'ya
Published: December 2020

As a part of the ongoing study of the Italian Liberty style, the paper reviews the characteristics of Liberty style in Italian Turin in 1900–1910 through the study of urban architecture and sculpture. It highlights the preconditions for the growing popularity of the style, recites the major Turin architects working in Liberty style, as well as their significant projects. The paper analy­ses distinctive features of the architectural facade décor of Turin Liberty, as well as indicates typical features of Turin sepulchral monuments.
Production and Characterization of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by marine Halomonas sp. NASH isolated from Wadi El-Natroun
Authors: Youssif Asmaa M. , Hamed Moaz M. , Abdrabo Mohamed A.A.
Published: December 2020

Halophilic micro-organisms often synthesize and produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), whose physical, chemical properties and material properties vary greatly from each other. The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) development of Halomonas sp. MN795630 strain type halophilic bacterium (NASH) was investigated and whether biotechnological applications were feasible. After 168 hours of incubation, 4 g/L of EPS was produced and all elements from the medium were completely used during the growth. Sucrose has been identified as the most favorable carbon source for production of EPS and maximum production (6 g/l). Beef extract level was shown to be the best for EPS production among different nitrogen sources. Optimum production of EPS (10 g/L) were achieved by supplementing the medium with 4M NaCl, pH adjusted at 9 and the medium was inoculated with 7% initial inoculum. The purified EPS were characterized chemically. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer was observed in several functional groups. EPS also demonstrated an significant inhibitor of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (20.4 and 14.7 mm), respectively. EPS show satisfactory results when applied as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and emulsifier.
Influence of Diagnostic Stepper Motor Parameters on Criterion of Identifiability for Nonlinear Discrete Model by State Space
Authors: Nikitin Yu. R. , Lekomtsev P. V. , Trefilov S. A.
Published: December 2020

Рассматривается влияние таких параметров шагового двигателя, как сопротивление и индуктивность фазы, момент инерции на критерий идентифицируемости модели привода. Для исследования влияния данных параметров использована нелинейная дискретная модель шагового двигателя в пространстве состояний.Предложена матрица измерения с учетом приведенной погрешности измерения. Получен определитель матрицы измерения при максимальных ошибках в меньшую и большую сторону в наихудшем случае. Сделан вывод о влиянии на идентифицируемость только матрицы состояния шагового двигателя, которая и будет в итоге определять ранг расширенной матрицы. Определен критерий потери идентифицируемости модели как минимальное пороговое значение определителя расширенной матрицы состояния для случаев выхода таких параметров, как сопротивление и индуктивность обмотки, момент инерции, из пространства реализуемых значений исправного шагового двигателя.Разработана имитационная модель шагового двигателя в отечественном программном продукте для моделирования технических систем SimInTech для расчета минимального определителя расширенной матрицы состояния. При уменьшении сопротивления обмотки до 0,28 Ом теряется идентифицируемость модели шагового двигателя. Причиной этого может быть межвитковое замыкание в обмотке шагового двигателя. При увеличении индуктивности обмотки до 0,0002 Гн также теряется идентифицируемость модели шагового двигателя. Изменение момента инерции шагового двигателя в широком диапазоне практически не приводит к потере идентифицируемости модели.На основе анализа изменения минимального определителя расширенной матрицы состояния, критерия идентифицируемости модели шагового двигателя возможно решение задачи диагностирования на этапах производства, эксплуатации и ремонта.