bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progression from external pilot to definitive randomised controlled trial: a methodological review of progression criteria reporting
Authors: Mellor Katie , Eddy Saskia , Peckham Nicholas , Bond Christine M , Campbell Michael J , Lancaster Gillian A , Thabane Lehana , Eldridge Sandra M , Dutton Susan J , Hopewell Sally
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Prespecified progression criteria can inform the decision to progress from an external randomised pilot trial to a definitive randomised controlled trial. We assessed the characteristics of progression criteria reported in external randomised pilot trial protocols and results publications, including whether progression criteria were specified a priori and mentioned in prepublication peer reviewer reports.

Study design

Methodological review.

Methods

We searched four journals through PubMed: British Medical Journal Open, Pilot and Feasibility Studies, Trials and Public Library of Science One. Eligible publications reported external randomised pilot trial protocols or results, were published between January 2018 and December 2019 and reported progression criteria. We double data extracted 25% of the included publications. Here we report the progression criteria characteristics.

Results

We included 160 publications (123 protocols and 37 completed trials). Recruitment and retention were the most frequent indicators contributing to progression criteria. Progression criteria were mostly reported as distinct thresholds (eg, achieving a specific target; 133/160, 83%). Less than a third of the planned and completed pilot trials that included qualitative research reported how these findings would contribute towards progression criteria (34/108, 31%). The publications seldom stated who established the progression criteria (12/160, 7.5%) or provided rationale or justification for progression criteria (44/160, 28%). Most completed pilot trials reported the intention to proceed to a definitive trial (30/37, 81%), but less than half strictly met all of their progression criteria (17/37, 46%). Prepublication peer reviewer reports were available for 153/160 publications (96%). Peer reviewer reports for 86/153 (56%) publications mentioned progression criteria, with peer reviewers of 35 publications commenting that progression criteria appeared not to be specified.

Conclusions

Many external randomised pilot trial publications did not adequately report or propose prespecified progression criteria to inform whether to proceed to a future definitive randomised controlled trial.
What are the measures taken to prevent COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers? A retrospective study in a cluster of primary care clinics in Singapore
Authors: Moey Peter Kirm Seng , Ang Andrew Teck Wee , Ee Adrian Guan Liang , Ng David Chee Chin , Ng Mark Chung Wai , Teo Stephanie Swee Hong , Tay Ee Guan , Tan Ngiap Chuan
Published: June 2021

Objective

To examine factors contributing to the low COVID-19 infectivity rate among healthcare workers in SingHealth Polyclinics (SHP), Singapore, from February to July 2020.

Design

Retrospective description, analysis and discussion of the factors and their contribution.

Setting

Single-institution study.

Methods

We describe and discuss the healthcare policies, infrastructure, people and processes contributing to the low COVID-19 infectivity rate in SHP.

There were 1212 full-time and 198 contract staff. Of these, 171 SHP employees also supported the work in dormitories, isolation and community care facilities. During the review period, healthcare workers (HCWs) in SHP managed about 867 076 patient attendances, including 63 503 for upper respiratory tract infections, across its cluster of eight polyclinics. 29 642 swabs for COVID-19 were performed in SHP, with 126 positive results. 395 swabs were carried out in the dormitories and 59 were positive. Despite the high exposure, only two SHP staff were infected with COVID-19. Both have recovered well.

Results

Provision of adequate personal protection equipment, zonal segregation of high-risk patients, reduction in physical patient visits, effective staff communication, implementation of self-declared temperature monitoring and the maintenance of sustainable workload and work hours of HCWs contributed to the mitigation of COVID-19 infection risk among our staff.

Conclusions

Until the widespread uptake of safe and effective vaccines against COVID-19, these measures are important in protecting HCWs. They are also important when managing future pandemics of similar nature to COVID-19.
Reinstating a national simulation programme in anaesthesiology during the coronavirus pandemic
Authors: Campbell Sinead , Corbett Sarah , Burlacu Crina L
Published: June 2021

Background

With the introduction of strict public health measures due to the coronavirus pandemic, we have had to change how we deliver simulation training. In order to reinstate the College of Anaesthesiologists Simulation Training (CAST) programme safely, we have had to make significant logistical changes. We discuss the process of reopening a national simulation anaesthesiology programme during a pandemic.

Methods

We approached how to reinstate the programme with three distinct but intertwined projects, as in the following: (1) a survey of effects of the pandemic on training opportunities for anaesthesiology trainees, (2) proposals for methods of reinstating simulation were developed under the headings avoidance, compromise, accommodation and collaboration. A small online video-assisted simulation pilot was carried out to test the compromise method, (3) having opted for combined accommodation (onsite with smaller participant numbers and safety measures) and collaboration (with other regional centres), a postreinstatement evaluation during a 4-month period was carried out.

Results

(1) Eighty-five per cent of 64 trainees surveyed felt that they had missed out not only just on simulation-based education (43%) but also on other training opportunities, (2) when five trainees were asked to state on a 1 to 5 Likert scale (strongly disagree, disagree, undecided, agree and strongly agree) whether online video-assisted simulation was similar to face-to-face simulation in four categories (realism, immersion, sense of crisis and stress), only 9 (45%) of the 20 answers agreed they were similar, (3) When onsite simulation was reinstated, the majority of trainees felt that training was similar to prepandemic and were happy to continue with this format.

Conclusion

In order to reinstate simulation, we have identified that accommodation and collaboration best suited the CAST while compromise failed to rank high among trainees’ preferences. Onsite courses will continue to be delivered safely while meeting the high standards our trainees have come to expect.
Prognostic accuracy of a peripheral blood transcriptome signature in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Fernández Pérez Evans R , Harmacek Laura D , O'Connor Brian P , Danhorn Thomas , Vestal Brian , Maier Lisa A , Koelsch Tilman L , Leach Sonia M
Published: June 2021

The prognostic value of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) expression profiles, when used in patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP), as an adjunct to traditional clinical assessment is unknown. RNA-seq analysis on PBMC from 37 patients with CHP at initial presentation determined that (1) 74 differentially expressed transcripts at a 10% false discovery rate distinguished those with (n=10) and without (n=27) disease progression, defined as absolute FVC and/or diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) decline of ≥10% and increased fibrosis on chest CT images within 24 months, and (2) classification models based on gene expression and clinical factors strongly outperform models based solely on clinical factors (baseline FVC%, DLCO% and chest CT fibrosis).
Exploring the impact of COVID-19 on the willingness of older adults to participate in physiology research: views from past and potential volunteers
Authors: Deane Colleen S. , Gates Amanda , Traviss-Turner Gemma D. , Wilkinson Daniel J. , Smith Kenneth , Atherton Philip J. , Phillips Bethan E.
Published: June 2021

We explored the views of older (≥65 years) past and potential volunteers in regard to participating in physiology research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using an online questionnaire and focus groups, we found that past volunteers (n = 55) were more likely to take part in both acute (p < 0.05) and chronic (p < 0.05) physiology studies, compared with potential future volunteers (n = 57). Both cohorts demonstrated a positive attitude towards volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic, although concern was evident.

Novelty: Volunteers demonstrated a positive attitude and also concern towards participating in physiology research during COVID-19.
Probing the $$H^\pm W^{\mp } Z$$ interaction at the high energy upgrade of the LHC
Authors: Adhikary Amit , Chakrabarty Nabarun , Chakraborty Indrani , Lahiri Jayita
Published: June 2021

An $$H^\pm W^{\mp } Z$$

H
±

W
∓

Z

interaction at the tree level is a common feature of new physics models that feature scalar triplets. In this study, we aim to probe the strength of the aforementioned interaction in a model-agnostic fashion at the futuristic 27 TeV proton-proton collider. We assume that the $$H^\pm $$

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±

couples dominantly to ($$W^\pm ,Z$$

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±

,
Z

) and (t, b) and specifically study the processes that involve the $$H^\pm W^{\mp } Z$$

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±

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∓

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vertex at the production level, that is, $$p p \rightarrow H^\pm j j$$

p
p
→

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±

j
j

and $$p p \rightarrow Z H^\pm $$

p
p
→
Z

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±

. Moreover, we look into both $$H^\pm \rightarrow W^\pm Z,~t b$$

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±

→

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±

Z
,

t
b

decays for either production process. Our investigations reveal that the $$H^\pm j j$$

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±

j
j

production process has a greater reach compared to $$Z H^\pm $$

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±

. Moreover, the discovery potential of a charged Higgs improves markedly with respect to the earlier studies corresponding to lower centre-of-mass energies. Finally, we recast our results in the context of the popular Georgi–Machacek model.
Multilayer networks for text analysis with multiple data types
Authors: Hyland Charles C. , Tao Yuanming , Azizi Lamiae , Gerlach Martin , Peixoto Tiago P. , Altmann Eduardo G.
Published: June 2021

We are interested in the widespread problem of clustering documents and finding topics in large collections of written documents in the presence of metadata and hyperlinks. To tackle the challenge of accounting for these different types of datasets, we propose a novel framework based on Multilayer Networks and Stochastic Block Models. The main innovation of our approach over other techniques is that it applies the same non-parametric probabilistic framework to the different sources of datasets simultaneously. The key difference to other multilayer complex networks is the strong unbalance between the layers, with the average degree of different node types scaling differently with system size. We show that the latter observation is due to generic properties of text, such as Heaps’ law, and strongly affects the inference of communities. We present and discuss the performance of our method in different datasets (hundreds of Wikipedia documents, thousands of scientific papers, and thousands of E-mails) showing that taking into account multiple types of information provides a more nuanced view on topic- and document-clusters and increases the ability to predict missing links.
Optimization of Model Training Based on Iterative Minimum Covariance Determinant In Motor-Imagery BCI
Authors: Jin Jing , Fang Hua , Daly Ian , Xiao Ruocheng , Miao Yangyang , Wang Xingyu , Cichocki Andrzej
Published: June 2021

The common spatial patterns (CSP) algorithm is one of the most frequently used and effective spatial filtering methods for extracting relevant features for use in motor imagery brain–computer interfaces (MI-BCIs). However, the inherent defect of the traditional CSP algorithm is that it is highly sensitive to potential outliers, which adversely affects its performance in practical applications. In this work, we propose a novel feature optimization and outlier detection method for the CSP algorithm. Specifically, we use the minimum covariance determinant (MCD) to detect and remove outliers in the dataset, then we use the Fisher score to evaluate and select features. In addition, in order to prevent the emergence of new outliers, we propose an iterative minimum covariance determinant (IMCD) algorithm. We evaluate our proposed algorithm in terms of iteration times, classification accuracy and feature distribution using two BCI competition datasets. The experimental results show that the average classification performance of our proposed method is 12% and 22.9% higher than that of the traditional CSP method in two datasets ([Formula: see text]), and our proposed method obtains better performance in comparison with other competing methods. The results show that our method improves the performance of MI-BCI systems.
Online Pricing Strategy with Considering Consumers’ Fairness Concerns
Authors: Yang Liu , Zheng Yuanyuan , Fan Jiasi , Dong Shaozeng
Published: June 2021

The development of emerging technologies, such as advanced information system, social media, and blockchain, has significantly changed consumers’ behaviors in relation to online purchase. Having access to the historical price information, consumers are able to compare the current price with the historical prices and may raise fairness concerns in the comparison process. We investigate the impacts of consumers’ fairness concerns on retailers’ pricing strategies in a two-stage model. We show that when the retailer uses uniform pricing strategy, consumers’ fairness concerns induce the retailer to decrease product price. As a consequence, the market demand expands and the retailer’s profit reduces. When the retailer adopts multi-stage pricing strategy, we find that consumers’ fairness concerns are not always harmful to the retailer’s profit. Under certain conditions, the retailer can benefit from consumers’ fairness concerns. Particularly, the product price in the first period increases, but the price in the second period and the market demand could be increased or decreased, depending on the situations.
Classical n-body system in geometrical and volume variables: I. Three-body case
Authors: Escobar-Ruiz A. M. , Linares R. , Turbiner Alexander V. , Miller Willard
Published: June 2021

We consider the classical three-body system with [Formula: see text] degrees of freedom [Formula: see text] at zero total angular momentum. The study is restricted to potentials [Formula: see text] that depend solely on relative (mutual) distances [Formula: see text] between bodies. Following the proposal by J. L. Lagrange, in the center-of-mass frame we introduce the relative distances (complemented by angles) as generalized coordinates and show that the kinetic energy does not depend on [Formula: see text], confirming results by Murnaghan (1936) at [Formula: see text] and van Kampen–Wintner (1937) at [Formula: see text], where it corresponds to a 3D solid body. Realizing [Formula: see text]-symmetry [Formula: see text], we introduce new variables [Formula: see text], which allows us to make the tensor of inertia nonsingular for binary collisions. In these variables the kinetic energy is a polynomial function in the [Formula: see text]-phase space. The three-body positions form a triangle (of interaction) and the kinetic energy is [Formula: see text]-permutationally invariant with respect to interchange of body positions and masses (as well as with respect to interchange of edges of the triangle and masses). For equal masses, we use lowest order symmetric polynomial invariants of [Formula: see text] to define new generalized coordinates, they are called the geometrical variables. Two of them of the lowest order (sum of squares of sides of triangle and square of the area) are called volume variables. It is shown that for potentials which depend on geometrical variables only (i) and those which depend on mass-dependent volume variables alone (ii), the Hamilton’s equations of motion can be considered as being relatively simple.

We study three examples in some detail: (I) three-body Newton gravity in [Formula: see text], (II) three-body choreography in [Formula: see text] on the algebraic lemniscate by Fujiwara et al., where the problem becomes one-dimensional in the geometrical variables and (III) the (an)harmonic oscillator.
A method to detect the content of substance in solution by using spectral position information of photonic crystal
Authors: Zhang Yun , Yang Ze-Kun , Liu Yu-Jie , Xie Jin , Xia Lei , Yang Hong-Wei
Published: June 2021

Photonic crystal is a dielectric structure arranged according to certain rules, and its excellent electromagnetic wave characteristics can be used to manufacture a lot of kinds of photonic crystal devices. In this paper, a defect is introduced into the photonic crystal, and the transfer matrix method is used to study the relationship between the liquid concentration and the peak value of the liquid transmission at the electromagnetic wave length when the defect is a mixture of ethanol and glycol. The results show that by observing and measuring the position of the peak transmittance of the mixed liquid, the substance content of the liquid mixture, that is, the concentration, can be inferred. The accuracy of this method is compared with the experimental results, which shows that this method has high accuracy. This method is simple and easy to operate. This result opens up a new direction for the application of photonic crystals.
Tunneling corrections on escape rates in different damping systems
Authors: Zhou Yanjun , Yin Cangtao
Published: June 2021

Tunneling corrections on Kramers escape rates with power-law distribution in three damping systems are obtained separately based on flux over population theory by introducing the tunneling correction into flux. Two common barriers (Eckart barrier and parabolic barrier) are used to calculate tunneling corrections. We take the relevant parameters from the [Formula: see text] reaction to further study how the tunneling correction affects the escape rates in three damping cases. It shows that the tunneling correction has great impact on escape rate in low damping and overdamped systems, but has little impact in low-to-intermediate damping (LID) system. Heretofore, we extend our previous work to a wider range of application areas.
Computer-Assisted Methods for Analyzing Periodic Orbits in Vibrating Gravitational Billiards
Authors: Church Kevin E. M. , Fortin Clément
Published: June 2021

Using rigorous numerical methods, we prove the existence of 608 isolated periodic orbits in a gravitational billiard in a vibrating unbounded parabolic domain. We then perform pseudo-arclength continuation in the amplitude of the parabolic surface’s oscillation to compute large, global branches of periodic orbits. These branches are themselves proven rigorously using computer-assisted methods. Our numerical investigations strongly suggest the existence of multiple pitchfork bifurcations in the billiard model. Based on the numerics, physical intuition and existing results for a simplified model, we conjecture that for any pair [Formula: see text], there is a constant [Formula: see text] for which periodic orbits consisting of [Formula: see text] impacts per period [Formula: see text] cannot be sustained for amplitudes of oscillation below [Formula: see text]. We compute a verified upper bound for the conjectured critical amplitude for [Formula: see text] using our rigorous pseudo-arclength continuation.
Bursting Oscillations and Experimental Verification of a Rucklidge System
Authors: Li Zhijun , Fang Siyuan , Ma Minglin , Wang Mengjiao
Published: June 2021

Bursting oscillations are ubiquitous in multi-time scale systems and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, research on experimental demonstration of the bursting oscillations induced by delayed bifurcation is very rarely reported. In this paper, a parametrically driven Rucklidge system is introduced and a distinct delayed behavior is observed when the time-varying parameter passes through the pitchfork bifurcation point. Different bursting patterns induced by such a delayed behavior are numerically investigated under different excitation amplitudes based on the fast–slow analysis method. Furthermore, in order to reproduce the bursting electronic signals and explore the underlying formation mechanisms experimentally, a real physical circuit of the parametrically driven Rucklidge system is developed by using off-the-shelf electronic devices. The real-time measurement results such as time series, phase portraits and transformed phase portraits are in good qualitative agreement with those obtained from the numerical computations. The experimental evidence to verify bursting oscillations induced by delayed pitchfork bifurcation is thus provided in this study.
Chaos in the Periodically Parametrically Excited Lorenz System
Authors: Huang Weisheng , Yang Xiao-Song
Published: June 2021

We demonstrate in this paper a new chaotic behavior in the Lorenz system with periodically excited parameters. We focus on the parameters with which the Lorenz system has only two asymptotically stable equilibrium points, a saddle and no chaotic dynamics. A new mechanism of generating chaos in the periodically excited Lorenz system is demonstrated by showing that some trajectories can visit different attractor basins due to the periodic variations of the attractor basins of the time-varying stable equilibrium points when a parameter of the Lorenz system is varying periodically.
Global Hopf Bifurcation in a Phytoplankton–Zooplankton System with Delay and Diffusion
Authors: Liu Ming , Cao Jun , Xu Xiaofeng
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the dynamics of a phytoplankton–zooplankton system with delay and diffusion are investigated. The positivity and persistence are studied by using the comparison theorem and upper and lower solutions method. The stability of steady states and the existence of local Hopf bifurcation are obtained by analyzing the distribution of eigenvalues. And the global existence of positive periodic solutions is established by using the global Hopf bifurcation result given by Wu [1996]. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the analytical results.
Chaotic Modeling of Ferroresonance with Single-Phase Open in a Three-Phase System and Its Fractional-Order Control
Authors: Durdu Ali̇ , Uyaroğlu Yilmaz
Published: June 2021

In this study, a chaos-theoretic method is proposed to model the case of ferroresonance that can occur under nominal conditions in power systems, and the factors that determine the types of ferroresonance to occur are examined. In the ferroresonance chaotic system modeled in Matlab environment, the length of the transmission line and the breaker capacities in the circuit are fixed and its relationship with the transformer efficiency is investigated. In the proposed chaotic modeling, considering the situations that may occur in practical applications, the ferroresonance situations that occur when the single-phase remains open in the three-phase system are examined. In the study, ferroresonance, which occurs when one phase is open in a three-phase system, is analyzed by considering the situations that may happen during practical implementations. The similarity between the mathematical expressions obtained from the systems that create ferroresonance and Duffing oscillator is evaluated. In the chaotic system, fundamental ferroresonance, subharmonic ferroresonance, and chaotic ferroresonance situations are created depending on the transformer loss. Additionally, ferroresonance that occurs when the chaotic system is of fractional-order is analyzed, and it is observed that results of ferroresonance with different fractional-order values are not different. The results show that transformer loss is a significant element to determine the type of ferroresonance in power transformers. Also, when the chaotic system is operated in the fractional-order setting, the ferroresonance cases that occur are re-examined, and it is observed that the system can exit from the chaotic situation and prevent the formation of ferroresonance when fractional-order control is applied. According to the results, the fractional-order method can be used to control ferroresonance.
Sliding Dynamics and Bifurcations in the Extended Nonsmooth Filippov Ecosystem
Authors: Qin Wenjie , Tan Xuewen , Shi Xiaotao , Tosato Marco , Liu Xinzhi
Published: June 2021

We propose a nonsmooth Filippov refuge ecosystem with a piecewise saturating response function and analyze its dynamics. We first investigate some key elements to our model which include the sliding segment, the sliding mode dynamics and the existence of equilibria which are classified into regular/virtual equilibrium, pseudo-equilibrium, boundary equilibrium and tangent point. In particular, we consider how the existence of the regular equilibrium and the pseudo-equilibrium are related. Then we study the stability of the standard periodic solution (limit cycle), the sliding periodic solutions (grazing or touching cycle) and the dynamics of the pseudo equilibrium, using quantitative analysis techniques related to nonsmooth Filippov systems. Furthermore, as the threshold value is varied, the model exhibits several complex bifurcations which are classified into equilibria, sliding mode, local sliding (boundary node and focus) and global bifurcations (grazing or touching). In conclusion, we discuss the importance of the refuge strategy in a biological setting.
Stochastic Response of a Vibro-Impact System via a New Impact-to-Impact Mapping
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Bochen , Peng Jiahui , Yue Xiaole , Xu Wei
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a new impact-to-impact mapping is constructed to investigate the stochastic response of a nonautonomous vibro-impact system. The significant feature lies in the choice of Poincaré section, which consists of impact surface and codimensional time. Firstly, we construct a new impact-to-impact mapping to calculate the one-step transition probability matrix from a given impact to the next. Then, according to the matrix, we can investigate the stochastic responses of a nonautonomous vibro-impact system at the impact instants. The new impact-to-impact mapping is smooth and it effectively overcomes the nondifferentiability caused by the impact. A linear and a nonlinear nonautonomous vibro-impact systems are analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the strategy. The stochastic P-bifurcations induced by the noise intensity and system parameters are studied at the impact instants. Compared with Monte Carlo simulations, the new impact-to-impact strategy is accurate for nonautonomous vibro-impact systems with arbitrary restitution coefficients.
A New Multi-Scroll Megastable Oscillator Based on the Sign Function
Authors: Lu Haikong , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Nazarimehr Fahimeh , Jafari Sajad
Published: June 2021

A chaotic system that can show multiscroll and megastable attractors is studied in this paper. Two cases of the system with periodic and quasi-periodic excitations are discussed. Various stabilities of the system determined by changing parameters and initial values are investigated for both cases. In Case-A of the proposed system, multiscroll attractors are shown for the various parameter values. In Case-B with quasi-periodic excitation, the system shows various multiscroll attractors. Dynamical properties of these two cases are studied using the bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents.
Stability and Hopf Bifurcation of a Delayed Viral Infection Dynamics Model with Immune Impairment
Authors: Zhang Xiaomin , Xu Rui , Song Chenwei
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we consider a viral infection dynamics model with immune impairment and time delay in immune expansion. By calculation, it is shown that the model has three equilibria: infection-free equilibrium, immunity-inactivated infection equilibrium, and immunity-activated infection equilibrium. By analyzing the distributions of roots of corresponding characteristic equations, the local stability of the infection-free equilibrium and the immunity-inactivated infection equilibrium is established. Furthermore, we discuss the existence of Hopf bifurcation at the immunity-activated infection equilibrium. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the global asymptotic stability of each feasible equilibria of the model by using LaSalle’s invariance principle and iteration technique, respectively. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the main theoretical results.
Turing Instability and Hopf Bifurcation in Cellular Neural Networks
Authors: Li Zunxian , Xia Chengyi
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we explore the dynamical behaviors of the 1D two-grid coupled cellular neural networks. Assuming the boundary conditions of zero-flux type, the stability of the zero equilibrium is discussed by analyzing the relevant eigenvalue problem with the aid of the decoupling method, and the conditions for the occurrence of Turing instability and Hopf bifurcation at the zero equilibrium are derived. Furthermore, the approximate expressions of the bifurcating periodic solutions are also obtained by using the Hopf bifurcation theorem. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the theoretical results.
RLWE/PLWE equivalence for totally real cyclotomic subextensions via quasi-Vandermonde matrices
Authors: Blanco-Chacón Iván
Published: June 2021

We propose and justify a generalized approach to prove the polynomial reduction of the RLWE to the PLWE problem attached to the ring of integers of a monogenic number field. We prove such equivalence in the case of the maximal totally real subextension of the [Formula: see text]th cyclotomic field, with [Formula: see text] arbitrary prime.
Applications in random matrix theory of a PIII′ τ-function sequence from Okamoto’s Hamiltonian formulation
Authors: Dai Dan , Forrester Peter J. , Xu Shuai-Xia
Published: June 2021

We consider the singular linear statistic of the Laguerre unitary ensemble (LUE) consisting of the sum of the reciprocal of the eigenvalues. It is observed that the exponential generating function for this statistic can be written as a Toeplitz determinant with entries given in terms of particular [Formula: see text] Bessel functions. Earlier studies have identified the same determinant, but with the [Formula: see text] Bessel functions replaced by [Formula: see text] Bessel functions, as relating to the hard edge scaling limit of a generalized gap probability for the LUE, in the case of non-negative integer Laguerre parameter. We show that the Toeplitz determinant formed from an arbitrary linear combination of these two Bessel functions occurs as a [Formula: see text]-function sequence in Okamoto’s Hamiltonian formulation of Painlevé III[Formula: see text], and consequently the logarithmic derivative of both Toeplitz determinants satisfies the same [Formula: see text]-form Painlevé III[Formula: see text] differential equation, giving an explanation of a fact which can be observed from earlier results. In addition, some insights into the relationship between this characterization of the generating function, and its characterization in the [Formula: see text] limit, both with the Laguerre parameter [Formula: see text] fixed, and with [Formula: see text] (this latter circumstance being relevant to an application to the distribution of the Wigner time delay statistic), are given.
DeepDepict
Authors: Hao Shaoyang , Guo Bin , Wang Hao , Liang Yunji , Yao Lina , Wang Qianru , Yu Zhiwen
Published: June 2021

In e-commerce platforms, the online descriptive information of products shows significant impacts on the purchase behaviors. To attract potential buyers for product promotion, numerous workers are employed to write the impressive product descriptions. The hand-crafted product descriptions are less-efficient with great labor costs and huge time consumption. Meanwhile, the generated product descriptions do not take consideration into the customization and the diversity to meet users’ interests. To address these problems, we propose one generic framework, namely DeepDepict, to automatically generate the information-rich and personalized product descriptive information. Specifically, DeepDepict leverages the graph attention to retrieve the product-related knowledge from external knowledge base to enrich the diversity of products, constructs the personalized lexicon to capture the linguistic traits of individuals for the personalization of product descriptions, and utilizes multiple pointer-generator network to fuse heterogeneous data from multi-sources to generate informative and personalized product descriptions. We conduct intensive experiments on one public dataset. The experimental results show that DeepDepict outperforms existing solutions in terms of description diversity, BLEU, and personalized degree with significant margin gain, and is able to generate product descriptions with comprehensive knowledge and personalized linguistic traits.
Whole‐Genome Sequence Data Analysis of Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis NASTPD13 Isolated from Hot Spring of Myagdi, Nepal
Authors: Yadav Punam , Sharma Shikha , Bhattarai Tribikram , Sreerama Lakshmaiah , Prasad Gandham S. , Sahni Girish , Maharjan Jyoti
Published: June 2021

Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis NASTPD13 isolated from Paudwar hot spring of Myagdi, Nepal, upon morphological and biochemical analysis revealed to be Gram‐positive, straight or slightly curved, rod‐shaped, spore‐forming, catalase, and oxidase‐positive facultative anaerobes. It grows over a wide range of pH (5.0‐11) and temperature (37‐75°C), which showed growth in different reduced carbon sources such as starch raffinose, glucose, fructose, inositol, trehalose, sorbitol, mellobiose, and mannitol in aerobic conditions. Furthermore, the partial sequence obtained upon sequencing showed 99% sequence similarity in 16S rRNA gene sequence with A. kamchatkensis JW/VK‐KG4 and was suggested to be Anoxybacillus kamchatkensis. Moreover, whole‐genome analysis of NASTPD13 revealed 2,866,796 bp genome with a G+C content of 41.6%. Analysis of the genome revealed the presence of 102 RNA genes, which includes sequences coding for 19 rRNA and 79 tRNA genes. While the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NASTPD13 showed high similarity (>99%) to those of A. kamchatkensis JW/VK‐KG4, RAST analysis of NASTPD13 genome suggested that A. kamchatkensis G10 is actually the closest neighbor in terms of sequence similarity. The genome annotation by RAST revealed various genes encoding glycoside hydrolases supporting that it can utilize several reduced carbon sources as observed and these genes could be important for carbohydrate‐related industries. Xylanase pathway, particularly the genomic region encoding key enzymes for xylan depolymerization and xylose metabolism, further confirmed the presence of the complete gene in xylan metabolism. In addition, the complete xylose utilization gene locus analysis of NASTPD13 genome revealed all including D‐xylose transport ATP‐binding protein XylG and XylF, the xylose isomerase encoding gene XylA, and the gene XylB coding for a xylulokinase supported the fact that the isolate contains a complete set of genes related to xylan degradation, pentose transport, and metabolism. The results of the present study suggest that the isolated A. kamchatkensis NASTPD13 containing xylanase‐producing genes could be useful in lignocellulosic biomass‐utilizing industries where pentose polymers could also be utilized along with the hexose polymers.
Analyzing the Solution of Chemotaxis Equations with Logistic Source Term
Authors: Xu Yan , Abdella Kemal Mohammed
Published: June 2021

When the parameters have the characteristics of sensitivity and specificity, while the traditional analysis method is the analysis of equations, under the influence of the characteristics of parameters, because the ability to consider the overall existence and limitations of the equation is weak, this leads to the deviation of the analysis results beyond the allowable range. With the chemotactic equations with logistic source terms, a new analysis method is proposed, on the basis of setting the optimal adjustment parameters of logistic source term, the method evaluates the well-posed behavior of the solution of the chemotactic equation system with logistic source term by quantitative analysis of the global existence and limitations of the solution. The experimental results show that the proposed analysis method, after the analysis of the overall existence and limitations of the equation, has smaller deviation in the results of the appropriate qualitative evaluation and meets the analysis requirements of the solution problem of the chemotaxis equations. It can be seen that the analysis method is more practical.
Construction of an Intelligent APP for Dance Training Mobile Information Management Platform Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Gao Yan , Xu Dazhi
Published: June 2021

In recent years, with the rapid development of modern technology and the continuous promotion of information technology, information technology has been widely used in modern performing arts. Information management has become the most practical and effective method and means in performing arts training management, but as the amount of various data grows exponentially, the requirements for computing processing power and speed for massive amounts of data and information are also increasing day by day. This article aims to study the use of edge computing to solve the problems of high latency and high cost when traditional cloud computing centers provide services. In response to these problems, this paper proposes a data acquisition and processing system architecture based on edge computing, which uses edge computing to mine the computing power of edge terminals in the network, performs partial or all calculations at the edge terminals, processes private data, and reduces cloud computing. The center’s computing, transmission bandwidth load, and energy consumption, combined with cloud computing, provide data acquisition, processing, and analysis solutions with low latency and high processing capabilities. This article details how to optimize edge server development to minimize access latency and consider network reliability when requesting access to edge servers. This paper uses the proposed edge server deployment algorithm and system load optimization, which can effectively reduce the network delay and system load of the edge server, and the experimental results show that the system performance is improved by 23.5% after effective optimization.
Saireito Improves Lymphatic Function and Prevents UVB-Induced Acute Inflammation and Photodamage in HR-1 Hairless Mice
Authors: Oyama Manami , Murata Kenta , Ogata Misaki , Fujita Nina , Takahashi Ryuji
Published: June 2021

A single high-dose ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure on the skin induces acute inflammatory responses, such as an increase in proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6 and IL-1β), hyperpermeability and dilation of blood and lymphatic vessels, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. These responses result in different cutaneous disorders characterized by erythema, epidermal hyperplasia, edema formation, and extracellular matrix degradation. Saireito extract (SRT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat various inflammatory diseases in Japan, and SRT and its major active components (e.g., saikosaponins and baicalin) were reported to downregulate proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, SRT has a protective effect against UV irradiation in vitro. Based on these findings, we aimed to investigate the effect of SRT on UVB-induced photodamage and structural change in the vasculature. We pretreated male HR-1 hairless mice with SRT (625 or 1250 mg/kg) for 3 weeks before a single UVB (250 mJ/cm2) irradiation. SRT treatment attenuated UVB-induced increases in erythema, transepidermal water loss, and edema formation at 72 h after irradiation. SRT treatment also suppressed UVB-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen degradation. Furthermore, at 24 h after irradiation, SRT treatment inhibited UVB-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and reduction in lymphatic vessel density associated with upregulation of VEGF-C expression. These results suggest that SRT could attenuate UVB-induced photodamage. This protective effect of SRT involves suppression of upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and improvement of lymphatic function in the early stage of inflammation.
Stability Analysis Based on Caputo-Type Fractional-Order Quantum Neural Networks
Authors: Dong Yumin , Li Xiang , Liao Wei , Hou Dong
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a quantum neural network with multilayer activation function is proposed by using multilayer Sigmoid function superposition and learning algorithm to adjust quantum interval. On this basis, the quasiuniform stability of fractional quantum neural networks with mixed delays is studied. According to the order of two different cases, the conditions of quasi uniform stability of networks are given by using the techniques of linear matrix inequality analysis, and the sufficiency of the conditions is proved. Finally, the feasibility of the conclusion is verified by experiments.
Experimental Characterization of 2 × 2 Electronically Reconfigurable Polarization Converter Unit Cells at X-Band
Authors: Rana Biswarup , Lee In-Gon , Hong Ic-Pyo
Published: June 2021

In this paper, an electronically reconfigurable polarization converter unit cell operating at X-band is proposed. The polarization converter unit cell consists of a passive patch, a phase shifter, and an active patch. There are two PIN diodes on the active patch. By switching the bias conditions of those PIN diodes, an electronically reconfigurable polarization converter is conceived. Both the passive and active patches are circular, and there are circular types of slots on both patches to enhance the operating bandwidth. To compensate for the capacitance introduced by PIN diodes, an equivalent capacitance structure is introduced on the active patch. 2 × 2 unit cells are designed to check the performance of the unit cell for polarization conversion applications. In addition, a novel type of experimental characterization technique is proposed to check the performance of polarization conversion using 2 × 2 unit cells. Two WR-90 waveguide sections, two rectangular to square sections, and a power supply are taken for the measurements. The rectangular to square waveguide transition section is designed in such a way so that 2 × 2 unit cells can be perfectly adjusted on the transition section and the performance of the 2 × 2 unit cells can be measured. The simulation results of the 8 × 8 array are also added to a miniaturized X-band horn antenna to check the performance of the overall array.
Schisandrol A Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion‐Induced Myocardial Apoptosis through Upregulation of 14‐3‐3θ
Authors: Gong Shuaishuai , Liu Jincheng , Wan Shiyao , Yang Weiwei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Boyang , Li Fang , Kou Junping
Published: June 2021

Schisandrol A (SA), one of the most abundant bioactive lignans extracted from the Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill., has multiple pharmacological properties. However, the underlying mechanisms of SA in protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury remain obscure. The present experiment was performed to explore the cardioprotective effects of SA in MI/R injury and hypoxia/reoxygenation‐ (H/R‐) induced cardiomyocyte injury and clarify the potential underlying mechanisms. SA treatment significantly improved MI/R injury as reflected by reduced myocardium infarct size, attenuated histological features, and ameliorated biochemical indicators. In the meantime, SA could profoundly ameliorate oxidative stress damage as evidenced by the higher glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) as well as lower malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, SA alleviated myocardial apoptosis as evidenced by a striking reduction of cleaved caspase‐3 expression and increase of Bcl‐2/Bax ratio. Further experiments demonstrated that SA had certain binding capability to the key functional protein 14‐3‐3θ. Mechanistically, SA prevented myocardial apoptosis through upregulating 14‐3‐3θ expression. Interestingly, siRNA against 14‐3‐3θ could promote apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and H/R injury after knockdown of 14‐3‐3θ could further aggravate apoptosis, while overexpression of 14‐3‐3θ could significantly reduce apoptosis induced by H/R injury. Further, 14‐3‐3θ siRNA markedly weakened the antiapoptotic role of SA. Our results demonstrated that SA could exert apparent cardioprotection against MI/R injury and H/R injury, and potential mechanisms might be associated with inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis at least partially through upregulation of 14‐3‐3θ.
Performance Modeling of the Weather Impact on a Utility-Scale PV Power Plant in a Tropical Region
Authors: Gopi Ajith , Sudhakar K. , Keng Ngui Wai , Krishnan Ananthu R. , Priya S. Shanmuga
Published: June 2021

Solar photovoltaics and the associated applications are now considered the most promising technologies for a sustainable future. The performance of the PV power plants is not studied in detail with respect to the influence of various weather parameters like rain, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure on energy generation. The objective of this research work is to analyze and model the weather impact of a utility-scale PV power plant in a tropical region. The methodology involves the detailed analysis of the PV plant performance for various weather seasons and modeling the energy generation based on important weather parameters obtained from a Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) station installed at the PV power plant location itself. Solar generation and its performance are affected during the rainy seasons, and it turns out to be a typical phenomenon in the humid tropical region. A regression model of solar generation for all the weather seasons is generated based on different weather parameters.