bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low frequency of defecation and hard stool are not reliable indicators of constipation in Chinese population
Authors: Sun Ge , Trzpis Monika , Ding Haibo , Gao Xianhua , Broens Paul M.A. , Zhang Wei
Published: June 2022

Background:
This study investigated the prevalence, characteristic symptoms and risk factors of constipation in the Chinese population.
Methods:
Data of 3450 respondents from the general Chinese population who completed the digital Groningen Defecation and Fecal Continence (DeFeC) questionnaire were analyzed. The non-comorbidity subgroup was defined as respondents without organic comorbidities known to influence defecation. Constipation and dyssynergic defecation prevalence and severity were evaluated using Rome IV criteria and the Renzi score (Obstruction Defecation Syndrome Score), respectively. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to constipation.
Results:
The prevalence of constipation was 20.4% in the total group and 18.7% in the non-comorbidity subgroup (n = 3145). Among the constipated non-comorbidity subgroup respondents, the median and interquartile range of Renzi score was 6 (5–8). The following symptoms related to dyssynergic defecation had the highest prevalence: straining during defecation, 86.4%; incomplete defecation, 75.1%; feeling of blockage, 63.4%; and anal pain, 46%. Women were more prone to constipation than men (odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53–2.28). Additionally, obese respondents (OR, 1.36; 95% CI,1–1.87), those who ate spicy food four to five times per week (OR, 5.33; 95% CI, 3.61–7.89), and those living in a metropolitan city (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08–1.68) were more prone to constipation.
Conclusion:
The Chinese population has a high prevalence of constipation. A significant proportion of constipated respondents reported symptoms typical for dyssynergic defecation. The low defecation frequency and hard stool seem not to be reliable indicators of constipation.
Cholecystokinin B Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Depression via Blocking Long-term Potentiation in the Basolateral Amygdala
Authors: He Jufang , ZHANG Xu , Asim Muhammad , Hossain Md Monir , Kim Kyuhee , Fang Wei , Feng Hemin , Wang Shujie , Gao Qianqian , Lai Yuanying
Published: June 2022

Depression is a common mental disorder. Evidence suggested a substantial causal relationship between stressful life events and the onset of episodes of major depression. Here, we investigated how CCK and CCKBR in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) are implicated in stress-mediated depressive-like behavior. The BLA mediates emotionally charged memory and long-term potentiation (LTP) is a trace of memory. Cholecystokinin knockout (CCK-KO) mice lacked LTP in the BLA; while the application of CCK4 induced LTP after low-frequency stimulation (LFS). Optogenetic activation of CCK fibers from the entorhinal cortex (EC) to BLA promoted stress susceptibility. CCK-B receptor knockout (CCKBR-KO) mice showed LTP deficits in the BLA; CCKBR antagonists blocked high-frequency stimulation (HFS) induced LTP in the BLA. CCK-KO and CCKBR-KO mice showed significantly lower levels of depression-related behaviors than wild-type control mice. Notably, CCKBR antagonists displayed a reduction in depressive-like behaviors in the acute tail suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT), chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of mice. Together, these results indicate that CCKBR is a potential target to treat depression.
Metabolomic and Transcriptional Analysis Provides Insights into Flavonoids Variation between two Artemisia Cultivars
Authors: Qiao Yuchen , Wu Liqin , Yang Suling , Wang Qing , Gu Haike , Wei Liqin , Liu Guijun , Zhou Sijing , Wang Ping , Song Meifang
Published: June 2022

Background Artemisia plants are widely distributed in East Asia. Though the Artemisia cultivars are commonly used as raw materials of medicine, food or moxibustion in China, most of the potential medical and nutritional ingredients, especially flavonoids ingredients are largely unknown, which imped further utilization of these cultivars.Results In this study, two Artemisia cultivars usually used as the source of moxibustion or food, named NYSY and NYYY were investigated. NYSY and NYYY were authenticated as A.argyi based on molecular data. In all detected 882 metabolic ingredients, nearly half of biological ingredients varied between two cultivars. Most of potential medical ingredients, especially flavonoids (flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and anthocyanin) were up regulated in NYYY. The contents of total flavonoids and their antioxidant activities were also higher in NYYY. In addition, transcriptional evidences showed that more than half of flavonoids synthesis genes were up regulated in NYYY, and their putative transcription factors members of MYB, bHLH, bZIP, WRKY, NAC and MADS families were uncovered.Conclusions In all, our results provide metabolome and transcriptome evidence to underly the biochemical ingredients, especially flavonoids variation in two Artemisia cultivars. This study provides scientific evidence for the utilizing and improving the quality of Artemisia cultivars in the future.
Loss of pluripotency in adipose-derived stem cells after culture in temperature-responsive injectable polymer hydrogels
Authors: Mayumi Nozomi , Murase Nobuo , Yoshizaki Yuta , Kuzuya Akinori , Ohya Yuichi
Published: June 2022

Adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cells that are easily obtained from adipose tissue, are expected to be applicable to regenerative medicine and cellular delivery systems. Maintenance of cell pluripotency and control of the differentiation direction on the cellular scaffold are important for these applications. However, the differentiation directions of these cells are believed to depend on the physical properties of the scaffold. We investigated the conditions in which AdSCs could be cultured and maintain an undifferentiated state in injectable polymer (IP) hydrogels with various degrees of cross-linking. We also explored whether the pluripotency of the cells, that is, their ability to differentiate into multiple cells, is maintained by removing them from the IP hydrogels and inducing differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes. We confirmed that AdSCs cultured in IP hydrogels could maintain an undifferentiated state. However, their differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes cannot be ensured; specifically, pluripotency may decrease when AdSCs are cultured in IP hydrogels. When cultured in an IP hydrogel with extreme softness and poor cell adhesion properties, the AdSCs could remain in an undifferentiated state, but their pluripotency is reduced. These results will provide important insights into stem-cell delivery systems using IP hydrogels.
Effects of Treating Subclinical Rejection 2 Weeks after Kidney Transplantation, as Determined by Analyzing 1-Year Histologic Outcomes
Authors: Lee Okjoo , Lee Kyo Won , Lee Jung Eun , Kwon Ghee Young , Hwang Na Young , Kim Kyunga , Park Jae Berm
Published: June 2022

Background: Subclinical rejection (SCR) is associated with chronic allograft nephropathy. Therefore, early detection and treatment of SCR through a protocol biopsy (PB) can reduce the incidence of pathological changes. This study evaluates the impact of early detection and treatment of subclinical rejection through the use of a routine PB 2 weeks after kidney transplantation (KT) by examining histologic outcomes 1 year later. Methods: We reviewed 624 KT recipients at Samsung Medical Center between August 2012 and December 2018. PB was planned 2 weeks and 1 year after transplantation. We compared the histological changes between the 2 biopsies. After a propensity score matching analysis, we divided the patients into 2 groups: the proven normal group (n = 256) and rejection group (n = 96) at the PB taken 2 weeks post-transplant. Results: The rejection group showed no significant difference from the normal group in the flow of graft function (eGFR) or the Kaplan-Meier curve for graft survival. In the histologic outcomes, the pathological differences between 2 groups showed significantly improved between the two time points. Conclusions: Treating SCR through a PB 2 weeks after KT can contribute to maintenance of graft function and improve histologic changes 1 year after KT.
Effect of Diabetes mellitus on pharmacokinetics of metformin and telmisartan by using novel HPLC-UV method: A drug-disease interaction study
Authors: Borse Swapnil Purushottam , Upadhyay Dilawar , Shama Vipin , Singh Devendra , Nivsarkar Manish
Published: June 2022

Metformin and Telmisartan are commonly co-prescribed drugs in diabetes plus hypertensive patients. Diabetes caused pharmacokinetic alterations in metformin due to alterations in drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and/or transporters. But, there are no such reports for telmisartan alone or with metformin. Considering this, a simple, precise, robust, specific, and sensitive RP-HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of metformin and telmisartan in rat plasma were developed. Chromatographic separation achieved on cyano column with mobile phase consisting acetonitrile:10mM KH2PO4, pH 4.5 (60:40). Flow rate was 1.0mL/min. Detection wavelength was 237nm. The protein precipitation of both drugs from rat plasma was done using acetonitrile (recoveries ≥ 80%). HPLC bioanalytical calibration curve was found linear in the range of 10-3200ng/mL. Parameters like precision, accuracy, and stability were within accepted criteria for biomedical analysis. The developed method was successfully used for pharmacokinetic studies in normal and diabetic rats. Metformin (50mg/kg, p.o.; b.i.d.) and telmisartan (4mg/kg, p.o.; o.d.) were administered simultaneously. Diabetes significantly increased systemic exposure (increased AUC0 − t, Cmax; decreased CL, Vd) of metformin and telmisartan. This may be because of diabetes mediated increased SERT expression, decreased CYP2C11 and UGTs expression. Important to note that telmisartan doesn’t cause metformin PK alterations and vice-versa, in diabetic and normal rats.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates adriamycin-induced renal damage by epigenetically suppressing the NMN/NAD consumers mediated by Twist2
Authors: Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Sakamaki Yusuke , Tamaki Masanori , Wakino Shu
Published: June 2022

The activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, Sirt1, after the administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) suppresses many diseases. However, the role of NMN and Sirt1 in focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of NMN treatment in mice with adriamycin (ADR)-induced FSGS. Transient short-term NMN treatment was administered to 8-week-old ADR- or saline-treated BALB/c mice (Cont group) for 14 consecutive days. NMN alleviated the increase in urinary albumin excretion in the ADR-treated mice. NMN treatment mitigated glomerulosclerosis and ameliorated the reduced Sirt1 expression and elevated Claudin-1 expression in the kidneys of the mice. Moreover, this treatment improved the decrease in histone methylation and the expression level of Dnmt1 and increased the concentration of NAD+ in the kidney. Dnmt1 epigenetically suppressed the expression of the NMN-consuming enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenyltransferase1 (Nmnat1) by methylating the E-box in the promoter region and repressing the NAD-consuming enzyme PARP1. Additionally, NMN downregulated the expression of Nmnat1 in the ADR-treated mice. Short-term NMN treatment in FSGS has epigenetic renal protective effects through the upregulation of Sirt1 and suppression of the NAD and NMN consumers. The present study presents a novel treatment paradigm for FSGS.
Comparative genomic investigation of TCP gene family in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and expression analysis under divergent treatments
Authors: Li Dalu , Tang Xin , Dong Yanxiao , Wang Yingying , Shi Suli , Li Shaohang , Liu Yang , Ge Haiyan , Chen Huoying
Published: June 2022

The TCP (Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factors), a family of plant-specific transcription factors, plays paramount roles in a plethora of developmental and physiological processes. In the current study, we systematically characterized the putative TCP genes and their response to abiotic stress in eggplant. 30 SmTCP genes were categorized into two subfamilies based on the classical TCP conserved domains. Chromosomal location analysis illustrated the random distribution of putative SmTCP genes along 12 chromosomes of eggplant. Cis-acting elements and miRNAs target prediction showed that they could involve in gene transcriptional regulation of SmTCPs, and three miRNAs (miR319a, miR319b, and miR319c-3p) might be major regulators targeting SmTCPs. Tissue-expression profiles indicated divergent spatiotemporal expression patterns of SmTCPs. qRT-PCR assays showed different expression profiles of SmTCP genes under 4 ℃, drought and ABA treatments, suggesting the possible participation of SmTCP genes in multiple signaling pathways. Furthermore, RNA-Seq data of eggplant anthocyanin synthesis coupled with yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays suggested the involvement of the SmTCP genes (Smechr0202855.1 and Smechr0602431.1) in the mediation of anthocyanin synthesis. Our study will facilitate further investigation on the putative functional characterization of eggplant TCP genes and lay a solid foundation for the in-depth study of SmTCP genes in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis.
Analysis of Tire Wear Airstrip Particles (TWAP)
Authors: Spanheimer Vanessa , Katrakova-Krüger Danka
Published: June 2022

Every aircraft leaves tire wear particles on the ground of airports at take-off and landing. To maintain good grip properties, the pavement must be regularly cleaned up. The gathered Tire Wear Airstrip Particles (TWAP) normally get disposed by burning. As they are very similar to rubber powder the question is if they might be used as a secondary raw material to keep them longer in the loop in the sense of circular economy. In this study TWAP gathered by the cleaning of the runway of an airport in Germany are compared to ambient ground rubber powder from truck tire treads. Both are analyzed microscopically with regard to their morphology, particle size distribution and chemical composition by calcination with following elemental characterization of the ash by Energy-Dispersion-X-ray Analysis (EDS) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The particle size distribution of TWAP is broader than rubber powder containing also much smaller particles. The mineral content is about 60% of the gathered TWAP. These minerals can be residues of the pavement or break wear and to a smaller amount from the rubber ingredients. Although the TWAP on their own are similar to rubber powder, the impurities they contain may have an impact with regard to potential applications.
Impacts of Material Parameters on Breakdown Voltage and Location for Power MOSFETs
Authors: kumar kunal , Lo Chun Hsiang , chang Chun chun , wu tian li , kao kuo hsing , wang yeong her
Published: June 2022

To improve the electrical performance of power devices, materials used in fabrication need to be analyzed and optimized. By numerical simulations, we reveal that the breakdown voltage (BV) and location of a lateral diffused MOS power device simultaneously depend on trench oxide permittivity. For a given device geometry, while trench oxide permittivity with a certain value leads to a maximal BV, a smaller (larger) value causes electrical breakdown in the Si drift channel around the bottom (top) of the trench. This trend stays the same when Si is replaced by SiC. Our study implies that any byproduct reducing the trench permittivity during trench filling should be avoided.
Metabolite Profiling of Laminaria hyperborea using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-MS)
Authors: Carvalho Loïc G. , McDougall Gordon , Allwood William , Sungurtas Julie , Verrall Susan , Stewart Derek , Neilson Kirsty , O'Byrne Marianne
Published: June 2022

In this work, Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-MS) was applied to assess the metabolic profiles of different tissues and industrially relevant co-products of alginate extraction from Laminaria hyperborea samples obtained in different seasons. This is the first metabolomic analysis in L. hyperborea and it allowed the putative identification of 59 metabolites using positive and negative mode MS data, predicted exact mass data and matching with database and literature searches. Another 16 components were detected but these could not be identified as yet. The metabolites ranged from known and abundant components (e.g., iodide, mannitol and various betaines) to components not previously noted in this species. The levels of these components varied between tissues and co-products with some metabolites seemingly specific to certain samples. The components also varied between winter and summer samples, perhaps reflecting seasonality in their biosynthesis and accumulation in the tissues and co-products.Therefore, the method can be used to survey the seasonal metabolomic variation across the full year and thereby track when components of potential specific commercial interest were maximally accumulated and help plan the most efficient exploitation of the harvested biomass. The method could also define variation in components in L. hyperborea from different locations or potential biotopes of this species. This initial work extends our ability to understand the phenotype of seaweeds whilst also identifying new components and new commercial opportunities.
The Expression and Prognostic Value of CCL19 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Xiao , Li Wanwan , Yang Lei , Zhang Jianzhong , Lei Xinhan , Tang Tong , Jia WenJun
Published: June 2022

Background
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in women worldwide. Early diagnosis is the most effective way to reduce breast cancer mortality. Immune and tumor processes are closely related. This study aims to explore the mechanism of immune and potential biomarkers of breast cancer through bioinformatics.
Objective
First, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by consensus analysis of invasive breast cancer (BRCA) samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database based on immune genes. Then, protein interaction (PPI) networks, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to narrow down the potential genes. Finally, expression analysis and prognostic analysis of hub genes were used to select reliable key genes to identify CCL19. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the differential expression of CCL19 in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of breast cancer. Protein correlation analysis, signaling pathway analysis, immune infiltration analysis, gene co-expression analysis and drug sensitivity analysis of CCL19 were further used to explore the pathological clinical features and potential biological functions of CCL19.
Results
The expression of CCL19 was significantly increased in breast cancer. High expression of CCL19 correlates with tumor stage and predicts a better prognosis in breast cancer. The expression of CCL19 correlates with the levels of various tumor immune infiltrating cells (TILs). CCL19 has positive correlation with the expression of most immune-related genes, including immune activator, immunosuppressant, chemokine, chemokine receptor, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. Enrichment analysis showed that CCL19 was involved in immune-related pathways and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The above results indicate that CCL19 may modulate the prognosis of breast cancer through immune infiltration. CCL19 affects the sensitivity to chemotherapy and targeted therapy, which affects the sensitivity of TAK-715, KIN001-102 and 17-AAG.
Conclusion
CCL19 is overexpressed in breast cancer. CCL19 may serve as a promising biomarker for predicting breast prognosis and a candidate therapeutic target.
Monitoring of carbon stocks in pastures in the savannas of Brazil through ecosystem modeling on a regional scale
Authors: SANTOS CLAUDINEI OLIVEIRA DOS , PINTO ALEXANDRE DE SIQUEIRA , SILVA JANETE REGO DA , MESQUITA VINÍCIUS VIEIRA , SANTOS MAIARA PEDRAL DOS , FERREIRA LAERTE GUIMARÃES
Published: June 2022

In 2020, Brazil was the seventh largest emitter of GHG (Greenhouse Gases), releasing ~ 2.16 GtCO2e (gigatons of carbon dioxide equivalent) into the atmosphere. Activities related to land use contributed to approximately 73% of national emissions in that year. Considering that pastures represent the primary land use in the country, the mapping and monitoring of C stocks in these areas are essential to determine their participation in national emissions. In this study, based on the integrated use of the Century model, georeferenced databases, and the R environment, we mapped and analyzed the C stocks dynamics in the pastures of the Cerrado biome between 2000 and 2019. The average C stocks in the soil (0–20 cm) and in the aboveground biomass estimated by modeling were ~ 31 MgC.ha− 1 and ~ 4 MgC.ha− 1, respectively, values close to those observed in the literature for the region. Furthermore, the model results corresponded to the edaphic patterns of the region, with the highest average estimated C stocks in Cambisols (~ 34 MgC.ha-1) and the lowest in Neosols (~ 29 MgC.ha-1). The temporal dynamics of soil C stocks in these areas are directly related to the age of the pastures, with a reduction in stocks from recently converted areas and stabilization in areas that have been under this land use for a longer time (≥ 30 years). As a result, a loss of ~ 103 MtC (Millions of tons of Carbon) was estimated in the Cerrado pasture soils in twenty years.The mapping and monitoring C stocks in this land use type through approaches such as the one presented in this study is essential to support the Brazilian Government's efforts to mitigate C emissions.
Monitoring the Water Utility Performance in Drinking Water Quality Compliance using Data Mining Approaches
Authors: Mwitirehe Janvier , Cheruiyot W. K. , Ruranga Charles
Published: June 2022

Monitoring the quality of water ensures it is safe for life. Nowadays, its effectiveness requires embracing data science. This was done in the context of the Water and Sanitation Corporation (WASAC) of Rwanda, which manages 18 water treatment plants (WTPs). This research aims at monitoring the drinking water quality key performance indicators (KPIs) using an interactive dashboard that can map interventions, perform calculations, assess the performance, and provide near real-time information. A four-step approach—KPI identification, data collection, monitoring tools, and progress tracking—was used. Step 1 used the literature review to identify KPIs in terms of compliance with clean water regulatory and reliability requirements, and the existence of a functional system to address customer needs. Then, primary and secondary data sets, including Twitter data, were collected in step 2. The third step consisted of computing the drinking water quality index (DWQI), performance discrepancy scores (PDS), and Twitter sentiment scores, as well as an interactive dashboard. Finally, results were analyzed to determine WASAC's performance towards quality KPIs. Compliance with clean water requirements has been generally consistent, and the first five WTPs were Kadahokwa, Cyunyu, Mutobo, Muhazi, and Kimisagara. However, the water reliability could not be confirmed due to missing data. Twitter data analysis confirmed the existence of a system to address customer needs and to notify customers of planned rationing or interruptions of water supply. Therefore, the suitability of water for human consumption was generally established, but more efforts were recommended to ensure full and consistent compliance.
Yoga Pose Monitoring System using Deep Learning
Authors: Swain Debabrata , Satapathy Santosh , Patro Pramoda , Sahu Aditya Kumar
Published: June 2022

Activity recognition is the process of continuously monitoring a person’s activity and movement. Human posture recognition can be utilized to assemble a self-guidance practice framework that permits individuals to learn and rehearse yoga postures accurately without help from anyone else. Using Deep learning algorithms, an approach has been taken to accurately detect and recognize various yoga poses. The chosen dataset consists of a total of 85 videos with 6 yoga postures performed by 15 participants. Initially, keypoints of the user are extracted using the Mediapipe library. A combination of convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) has been used for Yoga pose recognition through real-time monitored videos as a deep learning model. CNN layer is used for extraction of features from the keypoints and it is followed by LSTM that understands the occurrence of sequence of frames for predictions to be made. Then, the poses are classified as correct or incorrect. If a correct pose is identified, the system will give the user feedback through text/speech.
ROAD MAP ON MODERNIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY SMART GRID: EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Matvieieva Yu.
Published: June 2022

Countries around the world are developing roadmaps for the modernization and development of energy networks in order to increase energy and economic efficiency, the introduction of tools for rational energy consumption, improving the reliability, sustainability and quality of electricity. At the same time, special interest is paid to the base of using innovative technologies and renewable energy sources. This article provides a bibliographic review of publications in the field of European experience in developing a roadmap for the modernization and development of energy grids. During the analysis, a selection of papers for 2010-2021 was selected from the Scopus® database, which contains bibliographic information about scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals, books and conferences.With the help of VOSviewer software were identified five clusters of research in the context of forming a roadmap for the modernization and development of energy grids. The first cluster is related to energy efficiency issues. This cluster has the most relationships with other clusters. The cluster contains key concepts such as roadmap, international roadmap technology and Smart Grid technology. The second cluster was formed on the basis of research on different types of energy resources. In the third cluster, most connections are found in terms of «sustainable development». The fourth cluster forms the key concepts related to energy policy and standardization. The fifth cluster includes energy development factors studied by developed countries. In turn, the article identifies the countries that are most interested in the deployment of the road map and the implementation of "Smart Grid" projects. Thus, the most actively studied this issue by such countries as Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Great Britain, Italy, Austria, the Netherlands, France. According to the results of the database of the Center for Joint Research "Smart Electricity Systems and Interoperability", the implemented Smart Grid projects by EU countries were analyzed. The main tasks of the modern energy model are outlined.
Interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade na extensão universitária pelo olhar de uma estudante de Pedagogia
Authors: SIQUEIRA Moara Milléo Baracat de , CORDEIRO Andrea , GONÇALVES Nadia Gaiofatto , LOPES Isabella Aparecida Pinto
Published: June 2022

O presente relato de experiência tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre a interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade como diretrizes fundamentais para a extensão universitária, tendo como foco a experiência em um projeto de extensão voltado para a História da Educação pelo olhar de uma estudante de Pedagogia e a contribuição para a formação e atuação pedagógica dos extensionistas. Tal Reflexão, realizada após participação durante aproximadamente um ano no respectivo projeto, permitiu perceber que o mesmo fornece ferramentas para estudar conteúdos que extrapolam os limites do que é ensinado nas disciplinas regulares, além de permitir notar as influências históricas na prática pedagógica. Outro elemento importante em debate se trata da interprofissionalidade e o papel da  da extensão no desenvolvimento conjunto do trabalho teórico e prático visando a formação de professores-pesquisadores.
Gauging U(1) symmetry in (2+1)d topological phases
Authors: Cheng Meng , Jian Chao-Ming
Published: June 2022

We study the gauging of a global U(1) symmetry in a gapped system in
(2+1)d. The gauging procedure has been well-understood for a finite
global symmetry group, which leads to a new gapped phase with emergent
gauge structure and can be described algebraically using the
mathematical framework of modular tensor category (MTC). We develop a
categorical description of U(1) gauging in a MTC, taking into account
the dynamics of U(1) gauge field absent in the finite group case. When
the ungauged system has a non-zero Hall conductance, the gauged theory
remains gapped and we determine the complete set of anyon data for the
gauged theory. On the other hand, when the Hall conductance vanishes, we
argue that gauging has the same effect of condensing a special Abelian
anyon nucleated by inserting 2\pi2π
U(1) flux. We apply our procedure to the
SU(2)_kk
MTCs and derive the full MTC data for the \mathbb{Z}_kℤk
parafermion MTCs. We also discuss a dual U(1) symmetry that emerges
after the original U(1) symmetry of an MTC is gauged.
Geodesic geometry of 2+1-D Dirac materials subject to artificial, quenched gravitational singularities
Authors: Davis Seth , Foster Matthew
Published: June 2022

The spatial modulation of the Fermi velocity for gapless Dirac electrons in quantum materials
is mathematically equivalent to the problem of massless fermions on a certain class of curved spacetime manifolds.
We study null geodesic lensing through these manifolds, which are dominated by curvature singularities,
such as nematic singularity walls (where the Dirac cone flattens along one direction).
Null geodesics lens across these walls, but do so by perfectly collimating to a local
transit angle. Nevertheless, nematic walls can trap null geodesics into stable or metastable orbits
characterized by repeated transits. We speculate about the role of induced one-dimensionality for such
bound orbits in 2D dirty d-wave superconductivity.
Effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on cyber-market mavenism: Their role in information-sharing behavior
Authors: F. Abbas Alhamzah , Jusoh Ahmad , Mas’od Adaviah , H. Alsharif Ahmed , Ali Javed
Published: June 2022

This paper aims to investigate the association between variables of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, cyber-market mavenism, and information sharing behavior, particularly among social network sites (SNS) users in Iraq.This study depends on a quantitative method to test the variables. The sample contains 388 Iraqi customers or users using social network sites to share information about different products and services. The study conducts a purposive sample to determine the characteristics of users who have much information about different products and services. A questionnaire was prepared based on previous research and distributed to participants. The statistical analysis program (SPSS) for descriptive statistics and PLS-SEM were used to analyze the measurement and structural models to test the hypotheses. The study results showed that altruism, moral obligation, and self-efficacy as intrinsic motivations influence cyber-market mavenism. However, self-enjoyment appears to have no impact on cyber-market mavenism. Moreover, reputation and social interaction also influence cyber-market mavenism. In addition, reciprocity and belongingness have no effect among Iraqi users. Thus, cyber-market mavenism plays a significant role in information-sharing behavior. The reason for such an outcome may develop a competitive advantage for marketers through understanding the market maven behavior on social network sites.
Updates on the Role of FDG-PET/CT in Gynecological Malignancies
Authors: Rima Tulbah  , Nouf Malibari  , Marc Hickeson  , Robert Lisbona
Published: June 2022

PET/CT has had an evolutionary role in Oncology. Gynecological malignancies have been increasing in incidence in the last decades. Delay in diagnosis and management have led to worsening prognosis among the patients. Lowering the threshold in suspecting these tumors, may significantly improve the patients’ overall survival. In this review we will address the role of FDG-PET/CT in diagnosing, staging, assessing the response to therapy and predicting survival in gynecological malignancies, namely endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancer. We will briefly compare the diagnosing ability of PET/MRI to PET/CT. We will address the interesting fact about simultaneously utilizing the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) with the Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) in hybrid MRI imaging and we will also discuss about the role of PET/MRI in diagnosing primary and recurrent gynecological malignancies.
STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF VITAMIN D IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY
Authors: Povoroznyuk V. V. , Yefimov A. S. , Mikhalchuk L. M.
Published: June 2022

Found that in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity a decrease of vitamin D in common. Most of these patients (72 %) suffer from severe deficiency of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency contributes to decompensation of type 2 diabetes. These data suggest the need for inclusion of vitamin D to a range of therapeutic interventions in these patients.
SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM OF ADIPONECTIN GENE (+276G > T) AND EXPRESSION OF INSULIN-RESISTANT STATE COMPONENTS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Gorshunska Maryana , Karachentsev Yuri , Kravchun Nona , Atramentova L. A. , Gladkih A. I. , Krasova Nataliya , Leshchenko Zhanna , Tyzhnenko T. V. , Opaleiko Yu. A. , Pochernyayev A. K. , Poltorak V. V.
Published: June 2022

Single nucleotide polymorphism +276G > T of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) in type 2 diabetesmellitus patients (n=544) and healthy habitants (n = 215) of Kharkiv was studied. There wereno significant differences of single nucleotide polymorphism +276 G > T frequencies for patients(pG = 0.691; pT = 0,309) and healthy subjects (pG = 0,601; pT = 0,399). However diabetic patients hadincreased percentage of homozygote TT and decreased percentage of homozygote GG. Homozygosityin the minor allele T enhances significantly risk of disease in general population (OR 1,98; 95 %CI 1,14–3.32, p < 0.05) and homozygosity in the major allele G creates protective effect (OR 0,66; 95 %CI 0,48–0.90, p < 0.05). Functional meaning of single nucleotide polymorphism in the locus +276G > Tof ADIPOQ gene for hypoadiponectinemia genesis was verified as complementary to determiningimpact of diabetic endophenotype (hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, gluco- and lipotoxicity, centraltype of fat distribution).
DIABETIC OSTEOARTHROPATHY (SHARCO FOOT)
Authors: Sviridov N. V.
Published: June 2022

Diabetic osteoarthropathy is rare but an extremely severe complication of diabetes mellitus, with inadequate treatment leading to irreversible disability. it

complication can be called one of the most mysterious forms of diabetic syndrome feet, as to predict the development of PDA

and highlight risk groups among patients it is extremely difficult with SD. With this complication diabetes, there are doctors of different specialties - surgeons, endocrinologists, orthopedic traumatologists, but it is far from always

recognized and correctly assessed in time
An Innovative Use of Twitter to Disseminate and Promote Medical Student Scholarship During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Usability Study
Authors: Allen Gary , Garris Jenna , Lawson Luan , Reeder Timothy , Crotty Jennifer , Hannan Johanna , Brewer Kori
Published: June 2022

Background

Due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the cancellation of in-person learning activities forced every aspect of medical education and student engagement to pivot to a web-based format, including activities supporting the performance and dissemination of scholarly work. At that time, social media had been used to augment in-person conference learning, but it had not been used as the sole platform for scholarly abstract presentations.

Objective

Our aim was to assess the feasibility of using Twitter to provide a completely web-based forum for real-time dissemination of and engagement with student scholarly work as an alternative to a traditional in-person poster presentation session.

Methods

The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University launched an online Medical Student Scholarship Forum, using Twitter as a platform for students to present scholarly work and prepare for future web-based presentations. A single student forum participant created posts using a standardized template that incorporated student research descriptions, uniform promotional hashtags, and individual poster presentations. Tweets were released over 5 days and analytic data were collected from the Twitter platform. Outcome measures included impressions, engagements, retweets, likes, media engagements, and average daily engagement rate.

Results

During the conference, the student leader published 63 tweets promoting the work of 58 students (55 medical and 3 dental students) over 5 days. During the forum and the following week, tweets from the @BrodyDistinctly Twitter account received 63,142 impressions and 7487 engagements, including 187 retweets, 1427 likes, and 2082 media engagements. During the 5 days of the forum, the average daily engagement rate was 12.72%.

Conclusions

Using Twitter as a means of scholarly dissemination resulted in a larger viewing community compared to a traditional in-person event. Early evidence suggests that social media platforms may be an alternative to traditional scholarly presentations. Presenting via Twitter allowed students to receive instantaneous feedback and effectively network with wider academic communities. Additional research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of knowledge uptake, feedback, and networking.
Twenty Years of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Safe Harbor Provision: Unsolved Challenges and Ways Forward
Authors: Krzyzanowski Brittany , Manson Steven M
Published: June 2022

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was an important milestone in protecting the privacy of patient data; however, the HIPAA provisions specific to geographic data remain vague and hinder the ways in which epidemiologists and geographers use and share spatial health data. The literature on spatial health and select legal and official guidance documents present scholars with ambiguous guidelines that have led to the use and propagation of multiple interpretations of a single HIPAA safe harbor provision specific to geographic data. Misinterpretation of this standard has resulted in many entities sharing data at overly conservative levels, whereas others offer definitions of safe harbors that potentially put patient data at risk. To promote understanding of, and adherence to, the safe harbor rule, this paper reviews the HIPAA law from its creation to the present day, elucidating common misconceptions and presenting straightforward guidance to scholars. We focus on the 20,000-person population threshold and the 3-digit zip code stipulation of safe harbors, which are central to the confusion surrounding how patient location data can be shared. A comprehensive examination of these 2 stipulations, which integrates various expert perspectives and relevant studies, reveals how alternative methods for safe harbors can offer researchers better data and better data protection. Much has changed in the 20 years since the introduction of the safe harbor provision; however, it continues to be the primary source of guidance (and frustration) for researchers trying to share maps, leaving many waiting for these rules to be revised in accordance with the times.
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) on the Acuity of Mental Health–Related Diagnosis at Admission for Young Adults in New York City and Washington, DC: Observational Study
Authors: Fialk Amanda , Connors Alexa , Cerrito Brianna , Jones Karee , Buono Frank
Published: June 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has required restrictive measures to mitigate transmission of the virus. Evidence has demonstrated increased generalized anxiety and depression among young adults due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, minimal research has examined the longitudinal effect of COVID-19 over the course of time and its impact on anxiety and depression. Additionally, age and gender have been found to play a significant role on individuals’ mental health, with young adults and women particularly at risk.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression upon admissions to treatment.

Methods

This was an observational study that was completed longitudinally in which the grouping variable split the time interval into five equal groups for assessments over each period of time. A total of 112 young adults (aged 18-25 years) were recruited for the study. Participants completed assessments online through a Qualtrics link.

Results

Psychometric properties of the admission assessments were uniformly highly statistically significant. There was a significant difference in generalized anxiety between the group-1 and group-3 time intervals. No significant difference was found across the time intervals for depression. Differences in predicting the impact of the psychometrics scores were found with respect to gender. Only the ability to participate and the quality-of-life subfactor of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) assessment were significant.

Conclusions

This study sought to understand the impact that COVID-19 has had on young adults seeking mental health services during the pandemic. Gender emerged as a clear significant factor contributing to increased anxiety in young adults seeking mental health services during the pandemic. These findings have critical importance to ensuring the potential treatment success rate of clients, while providing an overarching understanding of the impact of the pandemic and establishing clinical recommendations for the treatment of individuals who are seeking out treatment.
The DOMIROB protocol: testing and evaluating the usability and acceptability of a telepresence robot and its impact on social isolation in older adults at home (Preprint)
Authors: Broca Living Lab Baptiste , Rigaud Anne-Sophie , Li Wanji , Pino Maribel
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

There is a growing phenomenon of social isolation among older adults. Social withdrawal in this population is often associated to the presence of depressive states, cognitive decline, sleep disorders, addictions, and over-mortality. To limit isolation in older adults, some authors recommend the use of new communication technologies to help preserve a social link with the family. Among these communication tools, telepresence robots seem to be a promising solution. Indeed, these robots offer users the possibility of making video calls with their relatives and with social and health care professionals in order to maintain social contact and have access to care and support services while remaining at home. Nevertheless, telepresence robots are still little studied in ecological environments.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of the DOMIROB protocol is to measure the impact of telepresence robots on the social isolation of elderly people living at home

METHODS

This article describes the design of an intervention study, the DOMIROB project, whose main objective is to measure the impact of telepresence robots on the social isolation of older adults living at home. Sixty older adults will participate in this study for six months. During this period, they will host a telepresence robot for three months in order to test it in their home. In total, four evaluations will be carried out over the entire experimental phase for each participant. We plan to carry out a multidimensional assessment of the impact of the robot on the participants' daily lives. This assessment will also help to identify the ergonomic aspects that influence the robot's usability and acceptability among older adults.

RESULTS

Data collection started in September 2020 and will end in August 2022. 56 participants have currently been recruited. Preliminary results are currently being analyzed.

CONCLUSIONS

The DOMIROB study will provide new knowledge on the impact of social telepresence robots in older adults, including a large number of participants, a long period of technology use and a longitudinal systematic assessment of the intervention. So far, no study in the literature had encompassed all these assessment modalities. The results will make it possible to suggest technological, ethical, organizational and ethical recommendations for the use and implementation of telepresence robots for older adults in real-life settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04767100
Monitoring the Health of the Alzheimers Patients and Geofencing their Location
Authors: Murugavel Mayuri Priyadharshini
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The aim of this project is to help the care takers of the Alzheimer patients who losses their memory and have minimal sense to take care of themselves. So it is sensitive to handle them without anyone’s external guidance and presence, which is not always possible in this busy world and patients may not feel comfortable under the watch out of external guidance always. So there is need for a device which will make the job of the care taker much easier by replacing that external guidance with an electronic device. This project is aiming to give the guardian, the patient’s location (using Geofencing System) along with their health parameters. This will fix the boundary for the patients movement and when if they move out their boundary location, an alert message will be given to the concerned guardian. The health parameters of the patients are also lively updated in the App. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) location fingerprinting technique is used for Geofencing system. As our project mainly aims for the Indian busy streets, this geofencing system mainly deals with the indoor localization.
Decision Making for Site Selection Using Fuzzy Modelling
Authors: Potdar Tejaswini
Published: June 2022

Abstract: We know nowadays selection of appropriate site for any project is influenced by several factors that can be ecological and environmental awareness, social acceptance of land development activity, geological factors and many more. And selection of land is considered as very important phase of whole process of land development. Many times we see that number of experienced decision makers makes decision for site selection randomly on the basis of prior experiences, But due to numerous factors influence the choice of site selection some times decision may go wrong when took randomly. Hence the scope of this paper deals with formulating a preliminary model for primary site selection of the residential building and then developing an support system that can be used by decision makers for site selection. Which complies the large data required to take the decision. F-AHP uses a hierarchical structure comprising factors that are based on factual data and the knowledge and experience of the decision makers. This data was collected by conducting a questionnaire survey amongst the decision makers.
Milking it for all it's worth: Assessing key criticisms of Canada's dairy supply management policies
Authors: Hayes Zach
Published: June 2022

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Access to Abortion in PEI: How Problem Definitions, Public Pressure, and Canadian Federalism Shape Provincial Policy
Authors: Delaney Mikaela
Published: June 2022

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Improving Sustainable Urban Transport and Mobility: Learning from Domestic and International Experiences
Authors: Yang Yinan
Published: June 2022

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Emerging Challenges of a Nation-to-Nation Relationship: Tensions in LNG Development between British Columbia and Indigenous Communities
Authors: Tong Audrey
Published: June 2022

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