bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Procedures Leading towards Aminobisphosphonates
Authors: Chmielewska Ewa , Kafarski Paweł
Published: November 2016

Growing interest in the biological activity of aminobisphosphonates has stimulated the development of methods for their synthesis. Although several general procedures were previously elaborated to reach this goal, aminobisphosphonate chemistry is still developing quite substantially. Thus, innovative modifications of the existing commonly used reactions, as well as development of new procedures, are presented in this review, concentrating on recent achievements. Additionally, selected examples of aminobisphosphonate derivatization illustrate their usefulness for obtaining new diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
Relationship between Added Sugars Consumption and Chronic Disease Risk Factors: Current Understanding
Authors: Rippe James , Angelopoulos Theodore
Published: November 2016

Added sugars are a controversial and hotly debated topic. Consumption of added sugars has been implicated in increased risk of a variety of chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as cognitive decline and even some cancers. Support for these putative associations has been challenged, however, on a variety of fronts. The purpose of the current review is to summarize high impact evidence including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), in an attempt to provide an overview of current evidence related to added sugars and health considerations. This paper is an extension of a symposium held at the Experimental Biology 2015 conference entitled “Sweeteners and Health: Current Understandings, Controversies, Recent Research Findings and Directions for Future Research”. We conclude based on high quality evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT), systematic reviews and meta-analyses of cohort studies that singling out added sugars as unique culprits for metabolically based diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease appears inconsistent with modern, high quality evidence and is very unlikely to yield health benefits. While it is prudent to consume added sugars in moderation, the reduction of these components of the diet without other reductions of caloric sources seems unlikely to achieve any meaningful benefit.
Mind as Medium: Jung, McLuhan and the Archetype
Authors: Braga Adriana
Published: November 2016

The Greek notion of archetype was adopted and popularized in the context of the analytical psychology of Carl Gustav Jung. Marshall McLuhan used the concept archetype as a formal perspective rather than the content of an alleged “collective unconscious”. In his book From Cliché to Archetype, the idea of archetype is presented as the ground where individual action is the figure. This article, departing from the notion of archetype, explores some convergences between the thought of Carl Jung and Marshall McLuhan and some of its developments for Media Ecology studies.
Trace Level Quantification of the (−)2-(2-amino-5-chlorophenyl)-4-cyclopropyl-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-butyn-2-ol Genotoxic Impurity in Efavirenz Drug Substance and Drug Product Using LC–MS/MS
Authors: Jaishetty Nagadeep , Palanisamy Kamaraj , Maruthapillai Arthanareeswari , Jaishetty Rajamanohar
Published: November 2016

Efavirenz is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV). (2S)-(2-Amino-5-chlorophenyl)-4-cyclopropyl-1,1,1-trifluoro-3-butyn-2-ol (AMCOL), used as an intermediate in the synthesis of efavirenz and a degradation impurity, has an aminoaryl derivative which is a well-known alerting function for genotoxic activity. Upon request from a regulatory agency, a selective and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method was developed for trace level quantitative determination of AMCOL related compound of efavirenz, for a risk assessment and comparison of impurity levels with the commercially available innovator product (brand name: Sustiva). The method provided excellent sensitivity at a typical target analyte level of <2.5 ppm, an established threshold of toxicological concern (TTC), when the drug substance and drug product samples were prepared at 15.0 mg/mL. The AMCOL sample was analyzed on a Luna C18 (2) (100 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) column interfaced with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer operated in a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Positive electrospray ionization (ESI) was employed as the ionization source and the mobile phase used was 5.0 mM ammonium acetate-methanol (35:65, v/v). The calibration curve showed good linearity over the concentration range of 0.2–5.0 ppm with a correlation coefficient of >0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.07 and 0.2 ppm, respectively. The developed method was validated as per international council on harmonization (ICH) guidelines in terms of LOD, LOQ, linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, and robustness.
Bioequivalence Study of Two Orodispersible Rizatriptan Formulations of 10 mg in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Cánovas Mercè , Polonio Francisco , Cabré Francesc
Published: November 2016

The aim of the study was to assess the bioequivalence and tolerability of two different oral formulations of rizatriptan. A bioequivalence study was carried out in 40 healthy volunteers according to an open label, randomized, two-period, two-sequence, crossover, single dose, and fasting conditions design. The test and reference formulations were administered in two treatment days, separated by a washout period of seven days. Plasma concentrations of rizatriptan were obtained by the LC/MS/MS (Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry) method. Log-transformed AUC0-t (area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to the last measurable concentration) and Cmax (maximum plasma concentration) values were tested for bioequivalence based on the ratios of the geometric means (test/reference). The tmax (time to reach maximum plasma concentration) was analysed nonparametrically. The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean values for the test/reference ratios for AUC0-t and Cmax were within the bioequivalence acceptance range of 80%–125%. According to the European Guideline, it may therefore be concluded that the test formulation of rizatriptan 10 mg orodispersible tablet is bioequivalent to the reference formulation (Maxalt® Max 10 mg oral lyophilisate). The safety profile of both formulations was consistent with the summary of the product characteristics.
Metabolite Profiles in Various Plant Organs of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. and Its in Vitro Cultures
Authors: Indrayoni Putu , Purwanti Diah , Wongso Suwidji , Prajogo Bambang , Indrayanto Gunawan
Published: November 2016

Metabolite profiles of plant organs and their in vitro cultures of Justicia gendarussa have been studied by using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Qtof-MS). Samples of leaves, stems, roots, and shoot cultures showed similar patterns of metabolites, while samples of root cultures gave very different profiles. Concentrations of secondary metabolites in shoot cultures were relatively low compared to those in the leaves and roots of the plants. The results suggested that secondary metabolites in J. gendarussa were biosynthetized in the leaves, then transported to the roots.
Evaluation of Certain Pharmaceutical Quality Attributes of Lisinopril Split Tablets
Authors: Fahelelbom Khairi , Al-Tabakha Moawia , Eissa Nermin , Javadi Jeevani
Published: November 2016

Tablet splitting is an accepted practice for the administration of drugs for a variety of reasons, including dose adjustment, ease of swallowing and cost savings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of lisinopril tablets as a result of splitting the tablets either by hand or with a splitting device. The impact of the splitting technique of lisinopril (Zestril® tablets, 20 mg) on certain physical parameters such as weight variation, friability, disintegration, dissolution and drug content were studied. Splitting the tablets either by hand or with a splitter resulted in a minute but statistically significant average weight loss of <0.25% of the tablet to the surrounding environment. The variability in the weight of the hand-split tablet halves was more pronounced (37 out of 40 tablet halves varied by more than 10% from the mean weight) than when using the tablet splitter (3 out of 40 tablet halves). The dissolution and drug content of the hand-split tablets were therefore affected because of weight differences. However, the pharmacopoeia requirements for friability and disintegration time were met. Hand splitting of tablets can result in an inaccurate dose and may present clinical safety issues, especially for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window in which large fluctuations in drug concentrations are undesirable. It is recommended to use tablets with the exact desired dose, but if this is not an option, then a tablet splitter could be used.
Analytical Enantio-Separation of Linagliptin in Linagliptin and Metformin HCl Dosage Forms by Applying Two-Level Factorial Design
Authors: Jadhav Sushant , Mane Rahul , Narayanan Kalyanraman , Bhosale Popatrao
Published: November 2016

A novel, stability indicating, reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed to determine the S-isomer of linagliptin (LGP) in linagliptin and metformin hydrochloride (MET HCl) tablets (LGP–MET HCl) by implementing design of experiment (DoE), i.e., two-level, full factorial design (23 + 3 centre points = 11 experiments) to understand the critical method parameters (CMP) and its relation with the critical method attribute (CMA), and to ensure robustness of the method. The separation of the S-isomer, LGP and MET HCl in the presence of their impurities was achieved on Chiralpak® IA-3 (Amylose tris (3, 5-dimethylphenylcarbamate), immobilized on 3 µm silica gel) stationary phase (250 × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) using isocratic elution and detector wavelength at 225 nm with a flow rate of 0.5 mL·min−1, an injection volume of 10 µL with a sample cooler (5 °C) and column oven temperature of 25 °C. Ethanol:Methanol:Monoethanolamine (EtOH:MeOH:MEA) in the ratio of 60:40:0.2 v/v/v was used as a mobile phase. The developed method was validated in accordance with international council for harmonisation (ICH) guidelines and was applied for the estimation of the S-isomer of LGP in LGP–MET HCl tablets. The same method also can be extended for the estimation of the S-isomer in LGP dosage forms.
Simulation of Sediment Yield in a Semi-Arid River Basin under Changing Land Use: An Integrated Approach of Hydrologic Modelling and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Gyamfi Charles , Ndambuki Julius , Salim Ramadhan
Published: November 2016

Intensified human activities over the past decades have culminated in the prevalence of dire environmental consequences of sediment yield resulting mainly from land use changes. Understanding the role that land use changes play in the dynamics of sediment yield would greatly enhance decision-making processes related to land use and water resources management. In this study, we investigated the impacts of land use and cover changes on sediment yield dynamics through an integrated approach of hydrologic modelling and principal component analysis (PCA). A three-phase land use scenario (2000, 2007 and 2013) employing the “fix-changing” method was used to simulate the sediment yield of the Olifants Basin. Contributions in the changes in individual land uses to sediment yield were assessed using the component and pattern matrixes of PCA. Our results indicate that sediment yield dynamics in the study area is significantly attributed to the changes in agriculture, urban and forested lands. Changes in agriculture and urban lands were directly proportional to sediment yield dynamics of the Olifants Basin. On the contrary, forested areas had a negative relationship with sediment yield indicating less sediment yield from these areas. The output of this research work provides a simplistic approach of evaluating the impacts of land use changes on sediment yield. The tools and methods used are relevant for policy directions on land and water resources planning and management.
THE MAGNETIC SENSITIVITY OF THE Mg ii k LINE TO THE JOINT ACTION OF HANLE, ZEEMAN, AND MAGNETO-OPTICAL EFFECTS
Authors: Ballester E. Alsina , Belluzzi L. , Bueno J. Trujillo
Published: November 2016

We highlight the main results of a radiative transfer investigation on the magnetic sensitivity of the solar Mg ii
k resonance line at 2795.5 Å, accounting for the joint action of the Hanle and Zeeman effects as well as partial frequency redistribution phenomena. We confirm that at the line center, the linear polarization signals produced by scattering processes are measurable, and that they are sensitive, via the Hanle effect, to magnetic fields with strengths between 5 and 50 G, approximately. We also show that the Zeeman effect produces conspicuous circular polarization signals, especially for longitudinal fields stronger than 50 G, which can be used to estimate the magnetization of the solar chromosphere via the familiar magnetograph formula. The most novel result is that magneto-optical effects produce, in the wings of the line, a decrease of the Q/I scattering polarization pattern and the appearance of U/I signals (i.e., a rotation of the plane of linear polarization). This sensitivity of the Q/I and U/I wing signals to both weak (∼5 G) and stronger magnetic fields expands the scientific interest of the Mg ii
k line for probing the chromosphere in quiet and active regions of the Sun.
EXCESS C/O AND C/H IN OUTER PROTOPLANETARY DISK GAS
Authors: Öberg Karin I. , Bergin Edwin A.
Published: November 2016

The compositions of nascent planets depend on the compositions of their birth disks. In particular, the elemental compositions of gas giant gaseous envelopes depend on the elemental compositions of the disk gas from which the envelopes are accreted. Previous models have demonstrated that sequential freeze-out of O- and C-bearing volatiles in disks will result in supersolar C/O ratios and subsolar C/H ratios in the gas between water and CO snowlines. However, this result does not take into account the expected grain growth and radial drift of pebbles in disks, and the accompanying redistribution of volatiles from the outer to the inner disk. Using a toy model we demonstrate that when drift is considered, CO is enhanced between the water and CO snowline, resulting in both supersolar C/O and C/H ratios in the disk gas in the gas giant formation zone. This result appears to be robust for the disk model as long as there is substantial pebble drift across the CO snowline, and the efficiency of CO vapor diffusion is limited. Gas giants that accrete their gaseous envelopes exterior to the water snowline and do not experience substantial core-envelope mixing may thus feature both superstellar C/O and C/H ratios in their atmospheres. Pebble drift will also affect the nitrogen and noble gas abundances in the planet-forming zones, which may explain some of Jupiter’s peculiar abundance patterns.
La liberté d’expression : état des questions
Authors: Girard Charles
Published: November 2016

Résumé Cet article dresse un état des questions relatives à la liberté d’expression en philosophie politique et en philosophie du droit. Les débats contemporains sont abordés à partir de trois interrogations principales, relatives à la nature, aux limites et aux conditions de cette liberté. Premièrement, la liberté d’expression se réduit-elle à une protection juridique contre la censure étatique ou protège-t-elle également contre d’autres sources possibles de censure ? Deuxièmement, les restrictions de cette liberté motivées par la protection d’autres droits ou intérêts sociaux – par exemple en matière de pornographie ou de discours de haine – sont-elles susceptibles d’une justification cohérente ou sont-elles condamnées à l’arbitraire ? Troisièmement, quelles sont les conditions sociales et politiques de réalisation du droit à la libre expression ? Ces difficultés théoriques éclairent les controverses publiques autour la liberté d’expression, notamment suite à l’attaque de janvier 2015 contre le journal Charlie Hebdo .
L’avènement des lois contre les discours et les crimes de haine dans les démocraties libérales
Authors: Bleich Erik , Ramond Denis
Published: November 2016

Résumé Depuis les années 1960, de nombreuses démocraties libérales ont instauré des lois pénalisant les discours et les crimes de haine, limitant ainsi l’expression du racisme. Cet article examine cette législation et la mise en oeuvre des dispositions punissant l’incitation à la haine raciale, le négationnisme et les crimes motivés par des préjugés raciaux dans l’Europe de l’ouest et aux États-Unis. Sur le long terme, on observe moins un effet de « pente glissante » qu’une évolution lente et graduelle. La portée des lois ainsi que leur application n’ont pas pris la même forme selon les pays et les discours concernés. Cet article rend compte de cette tendance et souligne des aspects préoccupants. Il conclut qu’il est possible d’adopter et d’appliquer des lois qui limitent ces formes de racisme sans menacer de manière excessive les libertés d’expression et d’opinion.
Des cadres de guerre vulnérables ?
Authors: Macé Éric
Published: November 2016

Une lecture herméneutique de la série télévisuelle états-unienne Homeland, consacrée à la « guerre au terrorisme » contre le jihadisme armé depuis 2001, permet de montrer que cette fiction, par-delà les lectures idéologiques qu’on pourrait en faire, explore de façon heuristique les opérations de cadrage, de rupture de cadre et de recadrage qui caractérisent conjointement l’exploration des mondes possibles par la fiction et le travail des acteurs sociaux engagés dans les guerres contemporaines. Par une description fine des opérations narratives réalisées par la série dans le triptyque des trois premières saisons, cet article cherche à montrer que la fiction rejoint ici les préoccupations théoriques et méthodologiques d’une sociologie des guerres issues de la décomposition de l’ordre postcolonial.
Divertissement de salon ou sport moderne ?
Authors: Mousset Kilian , Renaud Jean-Nicolas
Published: November 2016

Si la presse contribue à relayer l’information sportive, elle représente aussi un outil communicationnel efficace permettant de façonner l’image sociale des activités physiques. La position du journal L’Auto est à cet égard particulièrement intéressante. Fondée par les fleurons de l’industrie automobile du début du XX e  siècle, la ligne éditoriale développe une vision compétitive des activités physiques à l’image du jeu de concurrence inhérente à la logique capitaliste. Dans le cas particulier du tennis de table, les enjeux économiques et éditoriaux du quotidien incitent à exhiber l’activité dans ses deux représentations – de jeu de divertissement ou de sport moderne de compétition – dans le but de conquérir un nouveau lectorat et de s’ouvrir à un nouveau domaine sportif. Malgré les efforts des rédacteurs, le tennis de table ne réussit pas à s’extirper de son image de divertissement sportif, devenu alors un phénomène de consommation individuel dans les années 1930.
Police et phénomènes identitaires dans les banlieues : entre ethnicité et territoire
Authors: Roux Guillaume , Roché Sébastian
Published: November 2016

L’analyse de quatre focus groups (jeunes majeurs et adultes) nous apprend que le groupe ethnique majoritaire ne s’identifie pas au quartier et a des attitudes vis-à-vis de la police ( ATP ) positives. Dans les minorités ethniques, les ATP s’appuient sur l’idée d’un conflit collectif. Cependant, la construction des attitudes diffère entre jeunes et adultes. La forte identification à « la cité » est centrale pour les jeunes : elle se combine à une identité ethnique pour produire une image de la police comme adversaire. Pour les adultes, le rapport à la police produit une identification au quartier, qui ne survient pas sans cet aiguillon. Ces résultats soulignent le rôle de la police dans la production de l’ethnicité, qui participe de la construction d’un « nous, minorités de banlieue », d’une identité ethno-territoriale.
L’« économiste » en politique
Authors: Fulla Mathieu
Published: November 2016

Si la problématique de l’expertise mobilise aujourd’hui de nombreux chercheurs, la figure de l’expert engagé dans un parti politique reste mal connue. Fondé sur l’analyse quantitative et qualitative d’un corpus de 196 « économistes », cet article étudie la sociologie et le rôle de ces acteurs construisant le discours et les programmes économiques du PS dans la décennie 1970, où l’organisation désormais dirigée par François Mitterrand se donne la conquête du pouvoir pour objectif. Il nuance l’idée d’une confiscation progressive de l’expertise par les grands commis du ministère des Finances ; il montre également qu’en dernier ressort, ce sont les aléas de la conjoncture politique qui ouvrent ou ferment des possibles aux écrits des « économistes » engagés en socialisme.
Éric Fournier : les horizons lumineux de Moment Factory
Authors: Auger Claudine , Girard Martin
Published: November 2016

Depuis l’arrivée d’Éric Fournier à titre de partenaire des membres fondateurs, Moment Factory connaît un rayonnement qui se joue des frontières, marquant l’imaginaire avec ses installations qui ont animé la légendaire Sagrada Familia de Barcelone, le spectacle de la mi-temps du Super Bowl 2012 avec Madonna, le magasin-phare d’Oakley sur la 5 e Avenue à New York ou la Foresta Lumina, un parcours nocturne illuminé dans le parc de la Gorge-de-Coaticook. Rencontre.
Au-delà de la RSE, l’entreprise progressiste
Authors: Coupet André , Dormagen Esther
Published: November 2016

Les entreprises convaincues qu’elles doivent mettre sur un pied d’égalité leur performance économique et leur performance sociale et environnementale devraient opter pour une approche totalement intégrée dans leur stratégie et leur gouvernance : celle de l’entreprise progressiste.
Le leadership partagé : du mythe des grands leaders à l’intelligence collective
Authors: Luc Édith
Published: November 2016

Si nous voulons que nos entreprises réussissent à innover et à mobiliser les jeunes générations, notre conception du leadership centré sur un seul individu doit évoluer au profit de pratiques de gestion où l’intelligence collective occuperait enfin la place qui lui revient.
Changement de cap pour les entreprises familiales : place à la gestion multigénérationnelle
Authors: Paré-Julien Denise
Published: November 2016

Nous avons longtemps cru qu’assurer la relève en entreprise familiale revenait à former un successeur avant que le dirigeant ne se dirige vers la sortie. Or, il s’avère que la réalité actuelle est tout autre. Avec l’espérance de vie qui s’accroît, plusieurs générations cohabitent désormais au sein d’une même société pendant des décennies. Partager le pouvoir tout en préservant l’harmonie familiale constitue alors leur principal défi. Voici quelques clés pour y parvenir.
Entretien avec John Davis, cocréateur du modèle des trois cercles
Authors: Thomas Marine
Published: November 2016

Le modèle des trois cercles constitue depuis 40 ans la principale référence en matière d’entreprises familiales. En illustrant de manière pratique comment interagissent les grands acteurs qui les constituent, ce modèle met en lumière leur interdépendance. Gestion s’est entretenue avec un des inventeurs de ce modèle, John Davis.
Au Moyen-Orient, comment ça se passe ?
Authors: Chiniara Walid S. , Makhlouf Rosine
Published: November 2016

Les entreprises familiales constituent de 70 à 80 % du secteur privé au Moyen-Orient. Elles représentent donc un poids considérable dans l’économie de cette région. Comment ces familles gèrent-elles leurs entreprises ? Quels sont les effets et l’influence de la géographie et de la culture sur le monde des affaires là-bas ? Petit tour d’horizon.
La révolution de l’intelligence connectée – L’Internet des objets et le marketing en ligne 4.0
Authors: Ouellet Jean-François
Published: November 2016

De façon générale, il se produit une révolution industrielle à chaque génération. Mais peu de révolutions seront aussi bouleversantes pour le milieu des affaires que celles que nous nous apprêtons à vivre.
La médiation responsable pour une équipe unie
Authors: Pekar Lempereur Alain
Published: November 2016

Lorsque des tensions apparaissent, voire dégénèrent en conflit ouvert entre les membres d’un groupe de travail, vos compétences en médiation sont sollicitées. Fondées sur mon expérience à titre de facilitateur en résolution de conflits armés, voici quelques clés pour en arriver à une médiation responsable, quel que soit le contexte d’intervention.
Pourquoi les hauts potentiels peinent-ils parfois à s’intégrer ?
Authors: Jézéquel Myriam
Published: November 2016

Malgré – ou à cause de – leurs aptitudes supérieures à la moyenne, les travailleurs dits à haut potentiel ont parfois de la difficulté à s’intégrer à leur milieu de travail. Pour Nicolas Glady 1 , cette difficulté particulière a ses raisons... que leur raison ignore. Explications tirées de l’article « Pourquoi les “hauts potentiels” ont parfois du mal à s’intégrer » , paru dans la Harvard Business Review France en juin 2015.
L’idéologie est une position mentale spécifique. Elle ne meurt jamais (mais elle se transforme)
Authors: Kaës René
Published: November 2016

Sur la base de la clinique de la cure et du travail psychanalytique en dispositif de groupe, l’idée soutenue dans cet article est que la position idéologique se forme chaque fois que l’espace psychique d’un sujet, d’un groupe ou d’une institution est menacé dans ses fondements. Les pensées de certitude, nécessaires à la formation de cet espace, se figent en défense contre l’Inconnu et le doute. Se trouvent alors associés en une configuration remarquable l’Idée omnipotente, l’Idéal tyrannique, et la séduction de l’Idole. L’allégeance impérative à cette trinité antisymbolique a pour corrélat l’exclusion de toute autre forme de pensée. L’idéologie est une construction systématique qui prétend fournir une explication universelle et totale selon un principe de causalité unique. Ces caractéristiques constantes de l’idéologie sont portées au maximum dans la puissance meurtrière des idéologies radicales.
Les idéaux, les idéologies et leur subversion
Authors: de Mijolla-Mellor Sophie
Published: November 2016

La force de la religion, comme celle de l’idéologie, est la capacité de créer du lien social, de faire s’interpénétrer l’intime et le politique, c’est pourquoi les religions et les idéologies sont des voies privilégiées pour l’exercice du besoin de croire. Mais parce que ces voies sont plus directes elles sont aussi plus aisées pour récupérer et éventuellement le dévoyer. L’auteur propose ici une analyse du fanatisme sous sa forme active et passive et parcourt des exemples historiques comme celui de la Terreur révolutionnaire en France et celui de montée de l’idéologie nazie en la confrontant aux attentats-suicides d’aujourd’hui.
Groupe, idéologie et radicalité
Authors: Chouvier Bernard
Published: November 2016

Afin de repérer l’importance et l’ampleur de l’aliénation exercée dans les groupes fanatiques, nous proposons de nous appuyer sur l’opposition et la différenciation de l’idéologie radicale avec l’idéologie intégrale et l’idéologie totale. En illustrant notre approche par le fonctionnement des groupes djihadistes constitués par Daesh, il s’agit de mettre en évidence les divers ressorts psychiques individuels et groupaux des sujets pris au piège de cette idéalisation extrême. Du désenchantement au désillusionnement, la route est longue, qui permet aux anciens adeptes de se déprendre de la radicalité et de parvenir à la réappropriation de soi.
L’idéologie dans les groupes thérapeutiques pour patients psychotiques
Authors: Vollon Clarisse , Gimenez Guy
Published: November 2016

Cet article a pour objectif d’étudier les conditions d’émergence et d’aménagement de la position idéologique dans la dynamique transférentielle d’un groupe thérapeutique pour patients psychotiques, et d’en préciser les caractéristiques et les fonctions. Dans un premier temps nous reviendrons sur les apports théoriques permettant de spécifier le transfert psychotique en situation de groupe ainsi que la notion d’idéologie telle qu’a pu la définir Kaës (2005). Dans un second temps, et à la lumière d’extraits cliniques d’un groupe psychanalytique de paroles, nous illustrerons plusieurs propositions relatives aux spécificités des mouvements transférentiels dans ce type de dispositif, ainsi qu’à la stabilité de l’idéologie au fil des échanges entre les participants.
Idéologies, modernité et handicap, des enjeux narcissiques pour les parents
Authors: Panagiotou Danaé , Vennat Delphine , Mellier Denis
Published: November 2016

L’Occident est actuellement traversé par de multiples mutations sociétales et anthropologiques. Dans cette nouvelle ère de la modernité, l’individualisme, la désinstitutionnalisation et la vie « accélérée » règnent. La parentalité et la vie familiale ne sont pas épargnées. Dans ce contexte idéologique, l’annonce du handicap et l’acceptation de l’enfant handicapé se complexifient. À partir d’une situation clinique, nous essayons d’illustrer les enjeux narcissiques et identitaires pour les parents, l’enfant et la famille lorsque handicap et idéologies modernes se rencontrent. Le déni de la différence que représente le handicap se trouve renforcé, sous le couvert d’une demande d’acceptation et de normalisation de celui-ci. Enfin, nous proposons quelques pistes de réflexion pour l’accompagnement de l’enfant et de sa famille.
Le mythe du « Héros à la cicatrice » : une structure idéologique adolescente » ou « Quand le Héros affronte la mort de la Mort »
Authors: Bonnet Christian
Published: November 2016

L’article s’appuie sur une clinique d’adolescents en thérapie et sur une analyse structurale de jeux vidéo et films de zombies. L’idéologie est définie comme un appareil rhétorique qui s’appuie sur des mythes, articulant discours groupal et singulier. L’analyse propose de s’appuyer sur le « héros à la cicatrice » comme prototype narratif qui s’affronte aux zombies. Les zombies conjuguent la dimension de la mort, de sa négation (mort-vivant) et révèlent l’effroi du sexuel. L’adolescent peut utiliser ces jeux vidéo dans une dynamique élaborative en se confrontant à l’effroi du sexe tout en le voilant, ainsi peut-il élaborer ses questions sur les incertitudes du genre et de la mort.
Cliniques des souffrances d’apprendre : jeux de transferts et transferts de jeux dans les groupes à médiation thérapeutique
Authors: Guinard Frédérik , Brun Anne
Published: November 2016

Chez l’enfant latent en difficulté d’apprentissage, la qualité des expériences ludiques d’exploration et de manipulation de son environnement premier présente un rôle déterminant dans le développement de ses troubles et des souffrances qui leur sont liées. Dans les groupes à médiation thérapeutique, le repérage et l’attention portée aux jeux typiques représentent un analyseur des dimensions inconscientes à l’œuvre dans la dynamique transférentielle. Ces différentes déclinaisons du ludique et les mises en scène qui les accompagnent, permettent une réactualisation des premières expériences d’apprentissage. La proposition d’un tableau de repérage clinique de ces jeux typiques constitue un outil qui contribue à aménager les conditions thérapeutiques favorables pour que des jeux historiquement mis hors jeu de la relation d’apprentissage puissent être ré-expérimentés en vue de leur appropriation subjective.
A NOVEL METHOD FOR AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS LESION SUBTYPES USING DIFFUSION TENSOR MR IMAGES
Authors: Tadayon Elham , Khayati Rasoul Mahdavifar , Karami Vania , Nabavi S. Massood
Published: November 2016

Purpose: An important work in making the treatment plan and following the therapeutic effects of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is quantification of MS lesion subtypes. This study was designed to propose a new automatic method for classification of MS lesion subtypes based on conventional magnetic resonance (c-MR) and diffusion tensor MR (DT-MR) images. Method: In this paper, fuzzy [Formula: see text]-nearest neighbor (F-KNN) algorithm is used for classifying MS lesions into three subtypes including black holes (chronic), enhancing lesions (acute) and T2-lesions. In order to achieve this classification, F-KNN algorithm is used with features of c-MR images including T1-weighted (T1-w), fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), gadolinium enhanced T1-weighted (Gad-E-T1-w) and T2-weighted (T2-w) and then with added features extracted from DT-MR images (diffusion indices) including mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA). Results: Evaluation of the proposed method was performed by manual classification of chronic, acute and T2-w lesions using the criterion of sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) and accuracy (Acc). The results showed that application of the c-MR with the DT-MR images makes possible the classification of MS lesion subtypes with high sensitivity and allows ability to evaluate MS disease in the treatment process.
Big Data and RFID in Supply Chain and Logistics Management
Authors: Papadopoulos Thanos , Gunasekaran Angappa , Dubey Rameshwar , Balta Maria
Published: November 2016

Big Data refers to complex and unstructured data that is difficult to analyse and utilize with traditional applications and analyses. Big Data comes from a variety of sources, including tracking and sensor devices which are widely used in logistics and supply chain management, and relate to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. Thus, this chapter reviews the literature on RFID adoption in supply chain/logistics management from 1995-2015. We identify current trends in the literature, drawing on the three levels of decision making, that is, strategic, tactical, and operational. We suggest that more research needs to be conducted with regards to the intangible benefits of RFID, the use of RFID big data for achieving higher performance, and to shift the focus from the ‘what' and the impacts on performance to the ‘how' and the ways RFID is adopted and assimilated in organizations and supply chains. Finally, the managerial implications of our review as well as the limitations and future research directions are outlined.
Applying Big Data with Fuzzy DEMATEL to Discover the Critical Factors for Employee Engagement in Developing Sustainability for the Hospitality Industry under Uncertainty
Authors: Wu Kuo-Jui , Cui Li , Tseng Ming-Lang , Hu Jiayao , Huy Pham Minh
Published: November 2016

The hospitality industry is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. The growth of this industry has been accompanied by issues of sustainability development. Employees expect firms to have the ability to address their negative impacts on the environment and society. However, firms are generally unable to reach such expectations due to an inability to acquire feedback from employees, which leads to employee dissatisfaction. In addition, there has been a lack in the theoretical linkage between employee engagement and sustainability development. Thus, this study determines the critical factors of employee engagement based on big data (using social media and quantitative and qualitative data) and integrates such data by using decision-making tests and laboratory evaluation methods to identify these interrelationships. The findings reveal that sustainability development can be enhanced through aggressive employee engagement, which also can generate a positive influence on economic performance. A detailed discussion is also presented.
Elementary Library Media Specialists' Roles in the Implementation of the Common Core State Standards
Authors: Paynter Kelly
Published: November 2016

This chapter addresses the benefits and synergies that the elementary classroom teacher and the school library media specialist (LMS) experience when collaborating in the planning, differentiation, and assessment of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), with an emphasis on the role of technology and information literacy. General reasons for teacher/LMS collaboration; specific reasons for collaboration on the CCSS; technology integration; and physical space and instructional flexibility form the key concepts of discussion. Tables present specific CCSS that the LMS is uniquely qualified to teach to students. The chapter concludes with practical recommendations for district personnel, school-based administrators, LMSs, classroom teachers, and preservice teachers.
Characterization and Management Concerns of Water Resources around Pallikaranai Marsh, South Chennai
Authors: Bhaskar Avantika , Rao G. Babu , Vencatesan Jayshree
Published: November 2016

Pallikaranai is one of the last remaining natural wetlands of Chennai. This marsh collects floodwater and increases groundwater levels in the region. The present study characterizes the water sources available around Pallikaranai Marsh. Groundwater was found to be the main source of water in the study area, extracted through domestic wells as well as commercially through a large number of agricultural wells. Direct surface water extraction from wetlands by private tankers was also observed in some areas. Acute water shortage and inefficient water supply by the government has led to thriving of tanker market in this area. Shrinking of the marsh and surrounding water bodies owing to construction, dumping of waste and encroachment accompanied by over-extraction of groundwater is driving this area towards extreme water crisis especially in event of climate change. Conservation of wetlands and evolving norms for sustainable water extraction of groundwater especially by commercial entities is recommended.
Entangled Systems at the Energy-Water-Food Nexus
Authors: Nyangon Joseph , Alabbas Nabeel , Agbemabiese Lawrence
Published: November 2016

This chapter assesses energy, water, and food resource systems based on their inter- and intra-sectoral imperatives of large scale development investments at the institutional level (including private and public activities) and how to achieve security of resource supplies. It identifies key interrelated processes, practices, and factors that underpin integrated resource management (IRM) and their attendant benefits. Applying the E4 framework concerned with energy, economy, environment, and equity to identify the main threats to these systems, the chapter evaluates their institutional, political, economic, cultural and behavioral components, and characterizes the forces that drive each of them at different governance scales. The chapter is guided by political economy, economic, and sociological theories that suggest that institutional structures affect economic factors and processes (i.e. production, distribution, and consumption processes). A case study of energy, water, and food (EWF) conflicting sectoral imperatives in Delaware is discussed in detail to better understand how these policy and institutional processes occur, which forms they take, and in which ways they define the quality and quantity of EWF resource systems in the State. In order to verify these parameters, the analysis considered the advantages of a sectorally balanced, E4 framework, in particular to evaluate the valency and magnitude of cross-sectoral connections, balance competing needs, and identify policy options that address various trade-offs.
Inter Linkages of Water, Climate, and Agriculture
Authors: Londhe Sunil
Published: November 2016

Climate is the primary determinant of agricultural productivity and evidence shows possibility of shifts in earth's climate. Concern over the potential effects of long-term climatic change on agriculture has been raised over the past decade. Change in the climatic conditions on the globe created threat to the availability water for agriculture production. The present chapter is an attempt to distil what is known about the likely effects of climate change on water availability to agriculture for food security and nutrition in coming decades. Apart from few exceptions, the likely impacts of climate change on agriculture water resources in the future are not understood in any great depth. There are many uncertainties as to how changes in various environmental parameters will interact with the availability of water and further agriculture production. The future consequences of water resources on agriculture are discussed and summarized. Possible mitigation and adaptations to changing water availability for agriculture are also discusses.
Role of Water-Energy-Waste Inter-Relatedness to Drive Sustainability amid Climate Concerns
Authors: Sen Salil K. , Pookayaporn Junya
Published: November 2016

The Sustainability value parity framework is proposed to deepen the understanding of the importance of ‘inter-relatedness' of water-energy-waste with the goal of balancing water usage, aligning energy intensity and optimizing waste utilization. Generic waste that is burgeoning is a deterrent to the practice of sustainability that aligns water, energy, infrastructure, health, food, and lifestyle (Sachs, 2007). This chapter delineates the gap between globalization at the macro-level and global citizenry at the grassroots-base and posits a value bridge assessed by appropriate thresholds of water - energy - waste. The emergent need to strengthen climate resilience and to usher into the sustainable pathway of climate-proofed development needs tuning of processes, lifestyle, hazardous substances and consumption. Climate change manifests as an over-arching risk that is strewn with unpredictability, multiple dimensions, uncertainties, spikes, imbalances leading to inequity.
Sepsis in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: McLaughlin Diane , Shellenback Lori
Published: November 2016

Patients with cirrhosis are at high risk for sepsis and sepsis-related mortality. Aggressive treatment aimed at avoidance of hypoperfusion and prompt identification and treatment of the causative organism can improve patients’ survival. Fluid administration is the first-line treatment to improve perfusion to vital organs; however, care should be taken to assess true intravascular volume status. In patients with adequate intravascular volume, vasopressors are then added to support blood pressure. Complications of cirrhosis often worsen in the setting of sepsis. Portosystemic encephalopathy, pulmonary complications, renal complications, adrenal insufficiency, malnutrition, and insufficient glucose control all must be considered and treated to support a patient with cirrhosis through sepsis. The quality of care that these patients receive ultimately influences their survival.
Improving the Xin'anjiang Hydrological Model Based on Mass-Energy Balance
Authors: Fang Yuah-Hao , Zhang Xingnan , Corbari Chiara , Mancini Marco , Niu Guo-Yue , Zeng Wenzhi
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Conceptual hydrological models are preferable for real-time flood forecasting, among which the Xin'anjiang (XAJ) model has been widely applied in humid and semi-humid regions of China. Although the relatively simple mass balance scheme ensures a good performance of runoff simulation during flood events, the model still has some defects. Previous studies have confirmed the importance of Evapotranspiration (ET) and soil moisture content (SMC) in runoff simulation. To overcome the defects of the original XAJ model, an energy balance scheme suitable for the XAJ model was developed and coupled with the original mass balance scheme of the XAJ model. The detailed parameterizations of the improved model, XAJ-EB, are presented in the first part of this paper. XAJ-EB employs various meteorological forcing and remote sensing data as input, simulating ET and runoff yield using a more physically-based mass-energy balance scheme. In particular, the energy balance is solved by determining the representative equilibrium temperature (RET), which is comparable to land surface temperature (LST). The XAJ-EB was evaluated in the Lushui catchment situated in the middle reach of the Yangtze River Basin for the period between 2004 and 2007. Validation using ground-measured runoff data proves that the XAJ-EB is capable of reproducing runoff comparable to the original XAJ model. Additionally, RET simulated by XAJ-EB agreed well with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved LST, which further confirms that the model is able to simulate the mass-energy balance since LST reflects the interactions among various processes. The validation results prove that the XAJ-EB model has superior performance compared with the XAJ model and also extends its application fields.
Formulation Process of Diet Law and Cabinet Law in Japan – A Comparative Study of Basic Environmental Law and Basic Law on Biodiversity –
Authors: Fujikura Ryo , Nakayama Mikiyasu , Fujikura Manami
Published: November 2016

This paper introduces the process of law formulation and the characteristics of basic laws in Japan. More specifically, this paper presents the effects of the Basic Environmental Law and the Basic Law on Biodiversity on environmental administration as a case study. In Japan, both the cabinet and legislators can submit a bill to the diet. When a ministry develops a bill, it must obtain a report from a council that justifies the necessity of the new law. The ministry must then obtain approval from the ruling party and consent among the other ministries including the Cabinet Legislation Bureau. After a cabinet decision, the bill is submitted to the diet. At the end of 2015, there were 48 basic laws in effect, and while there is no firm definition of a basic law, such a law generally provides simple policy framework and direction. The cabinet submitted the bill of the Basic Environmental Law, and the law was established in 1993. A collaboration of environmental officers and big-name politicians initiated its formation, and the law legalized environmental impact assessments, economic instruments, and provided a global environmental policy, significantly improving Japanese environmental policy. A group of NGOs drafted the Basic Law on Biodiversity, which was subsequently submitted by diet members. It was established in 2008; however, it has not significantly influenced environmental policy. Major issues stipulated by the Basic Law on Biodiversity had already been implemented or planned prior to the establishment of the law.
Clostridium septicum endophalmitis associated with colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Eisenrich Jacob L. , Herro Angela M. , Schmutz Mason , Nagi Kundandeep S.
Published: November 2016

Clostridium endophthalmitis is a rare but serious infection. Most cases are associated with exogenous causes, such as inoculation secondary to trauma. However, endogenous cases do occur. Clostridium septicum is the primary clostridial pathogen associated with endogenous endophthalmitis. These infections have been associated with malignancy, particularly colonic and hematologic. We present a case of endogenous Clostridium septicum endophthalmitis associated with adenocarcinoma of the colon. This case highlights the value of prompt recognition of endogenous endophthalmitis and concurrent systemic evaluation.