bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İnternet Erişim Özgürlüğünün Kısıtlanması: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Henkoğlu Türkay , Yılmaz Bülent
Published: November 2020

Türkiye’de internet erişim engellemeleri ve sansür algısında farklılıkların bulunması, bu konudaki literatüre de yansımaktadır. Literatürde, sınırsız internet erişim özgürlüğü isteyen, 5651 Sayılı Kanun’u eleştiren ve kaldırılması gerektiğini savunan ya da tüm filtreleme ve erişim engellemelerini sansür uygulaması olarak nitelendiren birçok yayın yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de internet erişim özgürlüğünün kısıtlanmasına neden olan uygulamaların, mevcut hukuksal düzenlemeler çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, mevzuat, uygulama ve alınan kararlar arasındaki ilişki ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiş, zararlı içeriğe sahip olduğu gerekçesiyle internet sitelerinin erişime kapatılmasının ne kadar başarılı olduğuna yanıt aranmış ve erişim engellemelerinin amacına ulaşabilmesi için neler yapılması gerektiği konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Ayrıca, alternatif yöntemler aracılığıyla erişime kapatılan sitelere nasıl kolayca erişim sağlanabildiğine dikkat çekilmiş ve bu durumun bilgi erişim özgürlüğü kapsamında hukuksal değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Literatürde yer alan eleştirilerin geçerliği hukuksal düzenlemeler, alınan erişim engelleme kararları, Yargıtay kararları ve uygulama sonucunda amaçlanan hedefe ulaşılabilme durumu irdelenerek yeniden değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda çocuklar için zararlı içerikle mücadele konusunda dünya genelinde ortak irade oluştuğu, ancak Türkiye’de daha kapsamlı mücadelenin saydam olmayan yöntemlerle yürütülmesinden dolayı “sansür uygulaması” algısının oluştuğu görülmektedir. Erişime kapatılan sitelere Türkiye’den erişim istatistikleri 5651 Sayılı Kanun ve uygulanan yöntemin amaçlanan hedefe ulaşmada yetersiz kaldığını göstermektedir.
Eğitim Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Kitap Okuma Alışkanlıkları Üzerine Betimsel Bir Araştırma: Dicle Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: Yalman Murat , Özkan Erdost , Kutluca Tamer
Published: November 2020

Türkiye’de okuma alışkanlığı konusunda günümüze kadar yapılan çalışmaların neredeyse tamamında toplumun okuma ve kütüphane kullanımı alışkanlıkları oldukça zayıf görünmektedir. Yaşanan bu genel durumun üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde de benzer görünüme sahip olduğu görüşünden hareketle, bu araştırma ülkemizde üniversite öğrencilerinin kitap okuma alışkanlıklarının belirlenmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Çalışma grubunda yer alan eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin kitap okumaya yönelik görüşlerinin irdelendiği bu çalışmada amaç, öğrencilerin okuma alışkanlığını ve bu alışkanlığın içeriğini betimlemeye çalışmaktır. Araştırma 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar yarıyılında Dicle Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 220 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının yarısından fazlasının kitap okumayı sevdiği, kitapları temin ederken satın aldıkları veya arkadaşlarından ödünç aldıkları ve kitap okuma tercihlerinin macera türünde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı okumamalarını ders yoğunluğuna dayalı nedenlerle açıkladıkları görülmüştür. Kitap okuma sevgisini aşılamadaki en büyük etken olarak kişinin kendisi olduğu ve anne-babanın etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
e-Devlet Kapsamında Kurumsal Bilgi Sistemlerinin Değerlendirilmesi: İçişleri Bakanlığı Örneği
Authors: Eroğlu Şahika , Külcü Özgür
Published: November 2020

Kurumsal bilgi sistemleri, kurumun hizmet verdiği iç ve dış müşterilerin beklentileri ile yasal ve idari yükümlülükleri çerçevesinde yapılandırılmakta ve temel olarak belge yönetimi programlarına dayanmaktadır. Belge yönetimi programları geliştirilirken kurumsal yapı ve işleyiş, yazılım ve donanım mimarisi, yasal ve idari düzenlemeler göz önünde bulundurulmak durumundadır. Belge yönetimi kapsamında değerlendirilen kurumsal bilgi sistemleri e-devlet uygulamalarının da omurgasını oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada bu çerçevede belge yönetimi, kurumsal bilgi sistemleri ve e-devlete ilişkin literatür incelenmiş, araştırma alanını oluşturan İçişleri Bakanlığında bilgi sistemleri, belge yönetimi uygulamaları ve e-İçişleri sistemi analiz edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede ulusal ve uluslararası koşullar, standartlar, idari ve yasal düzenlemeler çerçevesinde geliştirilen anket, İçişleri Bakanlığı Merkez Teşkilatı, 81 ilin valilikleri, bunlara bağlı kaymakamlık teşkilatları ile il özel idarelerinde görevli 500 e-devlet proje sorumlusuna gönderilmiş olup geri dönüş yapılan 491 anket değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarında e-İçişleri sisteminin geliştirilmesi gereken yönleri ortaya konmuş; konuyla ilgili önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Ödünç Verme Hizmetlerinde iPad: Koç Üniversitesi Suna Kıraç Kütüphanesi Örneği
Authors: Zencir Mithat , Yeşiltaş Kamil
Published: November 2020

Teknolojinin günümüzde geldiği nokta, kütüphaneleri ödünç verme hizmetlerinde kitap ya da kitap türü materyallerin ötesine geçmeye zorlamaktadır. Bu düşünce ile Suna Kıraç Kütüphanesi, uzun süredir ödünç verdiği taşınabilir bellek, diz üstü bilgisayar ve hesap makinesi gibi teknolojik araçlara, 2011 yılında iPad’i de eklemiştir. Yeni sayılabilecek bir teknoloji olan iPad’in kütüphanelerde ödünç verilmesi, gerek politika ve prosedür, gerekse teknik alt yapı yönünden birçok unsuru göz önünde bulundurmayı gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, iPad ödünç vermeyi planlayan kütüphaneler için politika oluşturma ve teknik altyapının hazırlanması noktasında gerekli olabilecek bilgileri içermektedir. Ayrıca çalışmada, kullanıcıların iPad kullanımlarına ilişkin yapılmış bir anketin sonuçlarına da yer verilecek, bulgular ışığında iPad ödünç vermeye hazırlanan kütüphanelere önerilerde bulunulacaktır.
Sosyal Girişimcilik Boyutunda Kütüphaneler
Authors: Helvacıoğlu Ece
Published: November 2020

Günümüz teknolojilerinin hızla gelişmesiyle birlikte birçok kurum ve kuruluşun işlevi ve çalışma şekli değişmektedir. Bu değişim kütüphaneleri de doğrudan etkilemektedir. Kütüphanelerin belli başlı temel görevleri bulunmaktadır. Ancak gelişen teknolojilerle birlikte kütüphanelerin görev ve sorumlulukları da değişmektedir. Bu değişime uyum sağlamak yeni yöntemlerin benimsenmesi yolu ile gerçekleştirilebilir. Sosyal girişimcilik kavramı kütüphane hizmetlerinin yeniden planlanıp ele alınmasında yararlı bir olgu olarak ele alınabilir. Bu sayede kütüphanelerin geleneksel görev ve sorumluluk tanımlarının dışına çıkarak sosyal değer yaratabilmesi mümkün olacaktır. Günümüzde kütüphanelerin toplumsal anlamda değer yaratabileceği birçok konu bulunmakla birlikte öne çıkan belli başlı konular; bilgi okuryazarlığının teşvik edilmesi, güvenilir ve doğru bilgiye erişimin sağlanması ve küçük yerleşim yerlerinde bilgiye erişimin yaygınlaştırılmasıdır.
Ku nowemu życiu. Teologia i znaczenie chrześcijańskiej inicjacji dla życia wiarą
Authors: Sielepin Adelajda
Published: November 2020

Publikacja została poświęcona chrześcijańskiej inicjacji, ale nie tylko w odniesieniu do katechumenatu, lecz do zawartej w niej metody mistagogicznej. Jest to metoda odziedziczona przez Kościół od samego Chrystusa Pana i od Jego pierwszych uczniów w epoce Kościoła antycznego. Celem tej książki jest przybliżenie owej metody, którą Kościół zawarł w odnowionych obrzędach chrześcijańskiego wtajemniczenia i chrztu dorosłych, oraz wydobyć jej znaczenie jako matrycy dla życia chrześcijańskiego i metod duszpasterskich. Metoda ta jest obecna w Obrzędach chrześcijańskiego wtajemniczenia dorosłych, będących propozycją skierowaną dla osób, które słyszały już o Chrystusie i jego zbawczym dziele, a oświecone łaską Ducha Świętego, chcą świadomie i dobrowolnie wstępować na drogę wiary, by szukać Boga żywego i zwrócić ku Niemu swoje serce.
Liturgiczna poetyka Triduum Paschalnego
Authors: O’Malley Timothy P.
Published: November 2020

Czy bez dostępu do publicznych celebracji Triduum Sacrum, odwołanych z powodu pandemii roku 2020, jest możliwe duchowe uczestniczenie w tych liturgiach? Esej wykazuje, że kluczowym sposobem udziału w liturgiach, pomimo nieobecności na celebracji, jest medytacja nad poetyckimi tekstami liturgii. Poezja liturgiczna daje możliwość wejścia w historię zbawienia za pośrednictwem słowa śpiewanego. Niniejszy tekst skupia się na trzech poematach liturgicznych Triduum: Ubi caritas z Wielkiego Czwartku, Pange lingua z Wielkiego Piątku oraz Exsultetu z Wigilii Paschalnej. W każdym z tych utworów słowa prowadzą chrześcijanin ku obecności misterium paschalnego Chrystusa, przygotowując ich do radości z duchowych owoców Triduum.
In what Sense Can the Scientifically Driven Theology Be Considered as a Continuation of the Doctrinal Tradition?
Authors: Grygiel Wojciech P.
Published: November 2020

The central goal of the presented article is to show that the type of rationality proper to the method of the contemporary sciences yields a unique conceptual environment in which the spirit of rationality instilled to the theological thought by its encounter with the Greek philosophy finds its natural expansion. At the outset, the origins of the Greek rationality in the Ionian school of philosophy are briefly discussed in order to illuminate their adequacy for the exposition and defense of doctrine in the times of the early Church Fathers. Next, the specificity of the scholastic method of St. Thomas Aquinas briefly surveyed to indicate the nature of the unique harmony between faith and reason achieved by the Angelic Doctor. In the following step, the role of rationality in theology is gleaned through negative examples of its elimination as evident in nominalism and the subsequent Lutheran intervention. This is followed by a short discourse into of the origins and the specificity of the contemporary scientific method with particular emphasis on the method’s unique potential to expand and deepen the Greek rationality. Finally, a case study of the evolutionary theology is offered in which the implementation of the dynamic (evolutionary) picture of the Universe as the conceptual foundation opens up new and profound ways of understanding the Universe’s meaning and the meaning of man in particular. Thus the spirit of the hellenistic rationality in theology is not only preserved but also significantly enhanced.
Association of Gene Variants of Plasmic (FGB -455 G>A (rs1800790), F2 20210 G>A (rs1799963), F5 1691 G>A (rs6025), F7 10976 G>A (rs6046), F13 G>T (rs5985)), Thrombocytic (ITGA2 807 C>T (rs1126643), ITGB3 1565 T>C (rs5918)), Fibrinolytic (PAI-1 -675 5G>4G (rs1799889)) Hemostasis Components with Arterial or Venous Thrombosis in Newborns: Case-Controlled Study
Authors: Filippova Olesia A. , Vakhlova Irina V. , Kuznetsov Nikolay N. , Abolina Tatiana B. , Tsaur Grigory A.
Published: November 2020

Background. The severity of thrombosis clinical course, poor prognosis, upcoming disability and permanent organ failure in newborns necessitate further search and study of thrombotic conditions predictors in order to prevent them. Aim of the study is to analyze the frequency of gene variants of plasmic, thrombocytic and fibrinolytic hemostasis components and determine their role in the thrombosis development in newborn children. Methods. The study included 46 full-term newborns with thromboses of different localization – cases group. Inclusion criteria were: child age 28 days or less, gestational period >37 weeks, informed consent on participation in the study. The control group included children of I and II health groups. Vascular thrombosis was diagnosed via instrumental imaging methods: vascular ultrasound, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging. Thrombophilic anamnesis and pregnant woman’s health condition was analyzed according to pregnancy medical records. The molecular genetic testing included 8 single nucleotide polymorphisms definition of the following genes: FGB -455 G>A (rs1800790), F2 20210 G>A (rs1799963), F5 1691 G>A (rs6025), F7 10976 G>A (rs6046), F13 G>T (rs5985), ITGA2 807 C>T (rs1126643), ITGB3 1565 T>C (rs5918), PAI-1 -675 5G>4G (rs1799889). Results. Molecular genetic predictors of thrombosis in newborns have been revealed: variants of fibrinogen gene FGB -455 G>А (AP, %=66), plasminogen activator inhibitor gene PAI-1 -675 4G > 4G (AP, % = 89), genotype associations PAI-1 -675 4G/>4G /F7 10976 G>G (AP, % = 82), PAI-1 -675 4G>4G / F13 34 G>G (AP, % = 63)PAI-1 -675 4G>4G / F7 10976 G>G / F13 34 G>G(AP, % = 61), and integrin alpha 2 gene ITGA2 807 T/T (AP, % = 93). Maternal factor of thrombosis development in children is impaired uteroplacental circulation in pregnant woman (AP, % = 66). Conclusion. The role of gene variants of plasmic, thrombocytic and fibrinolytic hemostasis components in development of thrombosis in newborns was determined, as well as quantitative estimation of their contribution was presented.
The Effects of Motor Skill Interventions on Motor Skills in Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Literature Review
Authors: Ku Byungmo
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES Children with developmental disabilities experience motor skill deficits from childhood. Participation in motor skill intervention may be a promising way to promote their motor skills. The purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of motor skill interventions on motor skills in children with disabilities.METHODS To select relevant articles about motor skill interventions for children with developmental disabilities, a search of a database with pre-determined search terms and a manual search were implemented. After screening 476 articles, 21 studies were included in the current study. The studies were systematically summarized, and theories of motor development were discussed.RESULTS Participation in motor skill intervention may be a way to promote motor skills in children with developmental disabilities. Dynamic system theory, Newell’s model and Stodden’s model can be used as a framework for motor skill interventions.CONCLUSIONS Ample evidence exist indicating motor skill interventions are effective to promote motor skills in children with developmental disabilities. The motor skill interventions should be provided to children with developmental disabilities.
Changes in Muscle Activity among College Pitchers Using 5- to 12-Oz Weighted Baseball
Authors: Choi Won-Ho , Shin Yun-A
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES Several studies have reported that weighted baseball (WB) training is effective in improving ball speed; however, the weight of the ball suitable for training remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in muscle activity during pitching using 5- to12-oz WBs and to provide basic data for training programs to improve pitching speed.METHODS The subjects of this study were 10 overhand pitchers who had more than 5 years of experience. Muscle activity was measured and analyzed at 70–85% of throwing baseball maximum effort (TBME) during soft toss (ST) and TBME was evaluated using electromyography.RESULTS As the ball weight increased, muscle activity also increased in all pitching phases. Muscle activity was higher during ST with WBs heavier than 10 or 11oz than during TBME, indicating that the loads on the shoulder and elbow joint muscles increased. Conversely, muscle activity during ST with 5- to 7-oz WBs was lower than that during TBME, although phase and muscle group differences were observed.CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that training with 8- to 10-oz WBs could increase muscle strength and activity, although the effect may vary with fitness level and muscle strength.
Differential Effects of Hip Rotation Range on Knee Abduction Biomechanics during Double-Legged Landing between Males and Females
Authors: Yasuda Tadashi , Oyanagi Keiichi , Nakagaki Miyu , Itoh Hiromitsu
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVES Dynamic knee valgus is composed of hip-knee coupling. While females differ from males in passive hip motion, hip rotation range may alter muscle mechanics and neuromuscular activity. This study aimed to compare knee abduction biomechanics during double-legged drop-landing between males and females with different hip rotation ranges.METHODS This study included five females with the range of hip internal rotation (IR) > the range of hip external rotation (ER), five females with ER>IR, four males with IR>ER, and five males with ER>IR. There was no difference in other hip motions among them or no difference in hip muscle strength between the same sex groups. Three-dimensional motion analyses of the hip and knee joints were performed during double-legged drop-landing.RESULTS Multiple regression analysis of females with IR>ER showed that peak knee abduction moment (KAM) was associated with maximal hip abduction moment before detecting peak KAM whereas peak knee abduction angle (KAA) correlated with no variable. In females with ER>IR, peak KAM was associated with maximal hip ER moment before detecting peak KAM, hip ER muscle strength and hip adduction range while peak KAA correlated with peak hip abduction moment before detecting peak KAM. In males with IR>ER, peak KAM was associated with hip ER range and hip adductor strength whereas peak KAA correlated with maximal hip ER moment and maximal hip IR angle during landing. In males with ER>IR, peak KAM was associated with hip extensor strength, hip abduction range and hip flexion range whereas peak KAA correlated with hip ER moment before detecting peak KAM, hip ER muscle strength, and hip adduction range.CONCLUSIONS Hip rotation range may differentially affect hip-knee coupling strategy for knee abduction control during double-legged drop-landing between males and females.
Comparative analysis of the PR specialists functions theoretical model and the present cut of the modern companies’ practical expectations
Authors: Alekhina Olga
Published: November 2020

The article examines the functional responsibilities and competencies of modern specialists who work in the advertising field, public communications, and marketing communications. Those specialists have to be ready for constant changes and the use of current technologies because the communication sphere is very mobile, also depends on the use of new technologies, and is associated with the development of the infosphere. And because of that, the employers’ requirements for candidates are constantly updated.
To compare presented in the scholarly literature theoretical models and the modern employers’ requirements, the author studied the traditional specialists’ functions and competencies, which are described in scientific works, higher education programs, and state educational standards. Also, was made a cut of the employers’ practical expectations who post job openings on the Headhunter website, which is one of the most popular jobs search and recruiting services. Also were analyzed requirements for a large Russian and international companies stated in the openings posted in January–June 2020.
Based on the analysis, the author concludes the ratio of traditional and new functions in the communicative field workers’ job, about the requirements for their knowledge and skills, which are divided into the categories of hard skills and soft skills.
As a result, it was concluded that modern employers are in demand for specialists who can perform traditional functions that have proven their effectiveness, as well as use all relevant modern technologies in their job. The equally important right combination of hard skills and soft skills as the basis of the professional activity of a modern specialist.
Experimental and numerical investigations of crack growth under mixed-mode loading
Authors: İriç Sedat
Published: November 2020

Fatigue fracture is the one of the most common failures of mechanical components. This is caused by the initiation and growth of cracks. In this study, mixed-mode I/III fatigue crack growth was studied experimentally and numerically for a cylindrical specimen with a stress ratio R = 0.1 for both loadings. A digital camera was used to monitor the crack growth path in the experimental studies. The crack growth path, crack tip profiles, variations in stress intensity factors (SIFs) and equivalent SIFs were calculated by using the Ansys, FCPAS and Solidworks software, and the results were compared with experimental data. Modeling, meshing and problem-solving were performed using the Ansys software, and the resulting SIFs and equivalent SIFs along the crack front were calculated using the FCPAS software, which was employed with enriched elements. It is seen that the criteria from the literature (Richard, Tanaka, Pook and Ayhan–Demir) can be successfully applied to the problem. The results show that very good agreement is obtained between the results of the simulation and experiment in terms of both the evolving crack growth paths and crack tips. The presented methodology can be used to predict both the surface and interior crack paths for various loading conditions and applications.
Models for predicting pseudothecium maturity and ascospore release of Phyllosticta spp. in South African citrus orchards
Authors: Moyo Providence , Du Raan Susan , Fourie Paul H.
Published: November 2020

Ascosporic infection plays a major role in the epidemiology of citrus black spot (CBS) in South Africa, a disease caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa. Phyllosticta pseudothecium maturation and ascospore release models have been integrated in infection models to predict the availability of the primary inoculum source. However, these models have not been validated on a broader data set and this study aimed to validate and improve these epidemiological models. New pseudothecium maturation and ascospore release models for P. citricarpa were developed, based on weather and ascospore trap data from 13 locations and up to five seasons. From the 29 data sets analysed, 3775 3-hourly periods with ascospore events were recorded on 1798 days; 90% of these events occurred between 16.0 °C and 32.1 °C (daily Tmin and Tmax of 15.4 °C and 33.5 °C, respectively) and 75% occurred above a relative humidity (RH) of 55.9% (daily RH > 47.9%). Rain was recorded during 13.8% of these ascospore events and 20.0% of ascospore days. Using logistic regression, a Gompertz model that best predicted pseudothecium maturation, or the probability of onset of ascospore release, was developed and was markedly more accurate than the previously described models. The model consisted of DDtemp [cumulative degree-days from midwinter (1 July) calculated as (minimum + maximum daily temperature) / 2 – 10 °C] and DDwet (DDtemp accumulated only on days with >0.1 mm rain or vapour pressure deficit <5 hPa) as variables in the formula: probability of first ascospore event = exp(-exp(-(-3.131 + 0.007 × DDtemp - 0.007 × DDwet))). A Gompertz model [PAT = exp(-2.452 × exp(-0.004 × DDwet2))] was also developed for ascospore release; DDwet2 = DDtemp accumulated, from first seasonal ascospore trap day, only on days with >0.1 mm rain or vapour pressure deficit <5 hPa. Similar to the DDwet2 model described in a previous study, this model adequately predicted the general trend in ascospore release but poorly predicted periods of daily, 3-day and 7-day ascospore peaks.
Significance:

We developed a new pseudothecium maturation model from 29 data sets, comprising different climatic regions in South Africa, and validated previously published models. The new model was markedly more accurate in predicting the onset of ascospore release and can be used to improve existing CBS epidemiological models and improve risk assessment and management of CBS in South African citrus orchards.
Malatya Fayı’nın morfometrik özellikleri
Authors: ZABCI Cengiz
Published: November 2020

Malatya Fayı (MF), Orta Anadolu ‘ova’ Bölgesi’nin en doğu kesimlerinde yaklaşık K20°D doğrultusuna sahip ve 140 km uzunluğunda sol yanal doğrultu atımlı bir tektonik yapıdır. Beş farklı geometrik segmentten oluşan MF, bölgedeki diğer yapılar ile etkileşimi ve geometrisi yüzünden farklı deformasyon özelliklerine sahiptir. Bu tektonik yapının yer yüzü şekillerine olan etkisinin anlaşılması için, MF ve yakın civarında belirlenen toplam 27 adet akaçlama havzası üzerinde hipsometri (HI), konkavlık ve normalize diklik (θ, ksn) ve boyuna profillerin integral (χ) analizleri gibi morfometrik indisler çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, MF’nin en kuzey kesimini oluşturan FS1 segmenti ve civarı en yüksek düşey hareketlerin görüldüğü alandır. Bunu güneye doğru FS2 ve FS3 izler. FS2 genel olarak orta-yüksek HI ve ksn ile dikkati çekerken, FS2 ve FS3’ün sınırında hesaplanan düşük değerler bu iki segmentin açılmalı sıçrama yaparak yerel bir gerilmeye sebep olmasından kaynaklanır. FS3’ün kuzey ve güney kesimlerinde tektonizma ve erozyon arasında göreceli bir denge söz konusuyken, orta kesimlerinde 0.3’den düşük elde edilen HI değerlerine göre aşınmanın baskın olduğu görülmüştür. Birbirlerine paralel FS4 ve FS5 segmentleri boyunca yapılan analizler erozyon ve tektonik kuvvetler arasında bir dengeye işaret eder. Seçilmiş havzalar için yapılan χ analizinde, elde edilen yükselme ve durgunluk süreçleri ile sahada gözlenen taraça oluşumları arasında bir uyum söz konusudur. MF özelinde uygulanan morfometrik indisler, fayın farklı kesimleri için düşey topoğrafya değişimi hakkında bilgi vermekle kalmamış, aynı zamanda birbirini takip eden yükselme ve duraksama süreçlerine ve yer şekillerinin daha iyi anlaşılması için yeni çalışma noktalarına işaret etmiştir.
O FOTÓGRAFO E O EQUILIBRISTA
Authors: Eduardo Robinson Achutti Luiz
Published: November 2020

Um jovem ator e fotógrafo que deixou o teatro para, como fotógrafo, buscar o mundo.  Ele também queria ser sociólogo e ingressou, na década de 1970, no curso de Ciências sociais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul que, quando descobriu a antropologia social. Mas a fotografia tinha que ir junto aonde ele fosse. Há 42 anos, nesse artigo composto por texto e fotografias que também se oferecem à leitura, o primeiro trabalho feito para a disciplina de um de seus grandes professores. O Fotógrafo e sua colega foram buscar o universo de um pequeno circo muito pobre, instalado por alguns dias numa das cidades da periferia de Porto Alegre no Rio Grande do Sul.
A “favela urbanizada”: memórias de uma história comum
Authors: Nazareth Miguel Bustamante F.
Published: November 2020

Desde 2009, estuda-se as transformações que a favela Vila Nova Jaguaré, situada no bairro do Jaguaré, na Zona Oeste de São Paulo, vinha sofrendo após uma intervenção pública. A partir de 2014, começamos a analisar a apropriação do espaço da “favela urbanizada” de um ponto de vista etnográfico. Neste artigo, confrontamos os resultados de entrevistas, oficina de mapeamento e observações de campo com dados e fatos históricos, a fim de revelar narrativas particulares dentro de um contexto geral das cidades brasileiras. Primeiro, situamos o contexto da pesquisa e desenvolvemos o conceito de “apropriação do espaço”. Em seguida, apresentamos a história da urbanização do bairro do Jaguaré e da consolidação da Vila Nova Jaguaré. Por fim, exploramos as categorias “favela”, “comunidade” e “bairro” como sínteses da apropriação do espaço daquilo que se vem chamando “favela urbanizada”. O argumento do artigo é que as narrativas que os moradores elaboram da Vila Nova Jaguaré costuram memórias específicas de uma história comum às cidades brasileiras.
O espaço minado das “melhorias habitacionais”: individualismo, autoridade e dominação
Authors: Burnett Frederico Lago
Published: November 2020

Os programas de “melhorias habitacionais” em bairros populares se consolidaram nos últimos anos em várias cidades brasileiras, mobilizando Estados, ONGs e coletivos de arquitetos. Apesar da extensa lista de experiências realizadas, o saldo é pouco representativo quanto à organização política dos moradores que, partícipes de uma relação assimétrica, permanecem invisíveis e mudos perante processos urbanos que lhe são desfavoráveis. Tomando a moradia como objeto isolado de intervenção, as ações privilegiam o mundo familiar e contribuem para valores individualistas, na medida em que um dos traços mais comuns aos programas é a inexistente relação entre demandas familiares e precariedades do espaço público compartilhado. A partir da crítica ao “empreendedorismo social” apoiado pelo Estado brasileiro neoliberal e clientelista em contexto de desmobilização popular e aprofundamento da alienação da vida cotidiana, este artigo discute as práticas de melhorias habitacionais em áreas precárias, expressão socioespacial da desigualdade das relações capitalistas.
Favela: produto cultural e turístico do Rio de Janeiro (RJ)?
Authors: Kalaoum Fausi , Fogaça Isabela De Fátima
Published: November 2020

As favelas cariocas, geralmente vistas como espaços hostis, de miséria e criminalidade, vão sendo aos poucos transformadas em produtos culturais e atrativos turísticos do município do Rio de Janeiro e de todo o país. Todavia, são inúmeros as resultantes e os desafios para que essa nova visão seja alcançada e reflita em benefício de sua população. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir essa nova visão da favela enquanto produto cultural e turístico, a partir da experiência de uma das favelas mais populares do Rio de Janeiro, o Vidigal, elucidando potencialidades, problemáticas e desafios para que a atividade turística resulte em um elemento de promoção socioeconômica. Dessa forma, é apresentado como esse processo se desenvolveu na favela; os elementos ali explorados pela atividade turística; a evolução de serviços turísticos que se instalam na comunidade; e alguns dos desafios para que o turismo opere como elemento dessa promoção socioeconômica. Como resultado, percebe-se que o turismo tem alterado a narrativa da imagem da favela; no entanto, ainda há inúmeros obstáculos a serem ultrapassados para que a atividade produza, de fato, benefícios socioeconômicos para a comunidade local.
Avaliação de tratamentos de sementes e inseticidas no solo para controle do percevejo-preto, Cyrtomenus mirabilis (Hemiptera: Cydnidae) em amendoim
Authors: Xavier Alessandro Martins , Hernandes Kauan Murilo , Betiol Olavo , Bolonhezi Denizart , De Godoy Ignácio José , Michelotto Marcos Doniseti
Published: November 2020

Recentemente tem-se observado um aumento expressivo na ocorrência do ataque do percevejo-preto, Cyrtomenus mirabilis (Hemiptera: Cydnidae), em amendoim. Em função do hábito subterrâneo, seu controle é extremamente difícil. Até o momento não há inseticidas recomendados para seu controle. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de inseticidas no controle de ninfas e adultos do percevejo-preto e analisar o resíduo dos inseticidas nos grãos de amendoim. Para isso, foram instalados dois experimentos em área do Polo Centro Norte em Pindorama, SP, e no Centro de Cana do IAC em Ribeirão Preto, SP. Os experimentos foram em blocos casualizados com dez tratamentos, e quatro repetições. Ao final do ciclo do amendoim foi contabilizado o número de percevejos por trincheira e avaliado os danos causados pelos mesmos nos diferentes tratamentos. Em Pindorama a baixa ocorrência do inseto impediu as comparações. Já em Ribeirão Preto foi possível observar diferenças entre os tratamentos. Observou-se que os tratamentos Standak Top (4,0 mL kg-1 de sementes) e Standak Top (2,0 mL kg-1 de sementes) associado ao Regent Duo (500 mL ha-1) são os melhores tratamentos para controle e redução dos danos ocasionados pelo percevejo-preto; Os inseticidas nas doses e nas condições avaliadas não apresentam resíduo nos grãos de amendoim na colheita.
Limitação da produtividade pela deficiência de boro nas culturas da soja, milho, feijão e café
Authors: Tomicioli Rafael  Magro , Leal Fábio Tiraboschi , Coelho Anderson Prates
Published: November 2020

O boro é um dos micronutrientes que mais limita a produtividade das culturas nas condições dos solos brasileiros. Este elemento participa de funções ligadas ao enraizamento das plantas até o enchimento de grãos, gerando elevada responsividade das culturas em solos com médios e baixos teores. Os principais fatores que contribuem para os baixos teores de boro no solo são a lixiviação que o nutriente pode sofrer, baixo valor do pH do solo, baixos teores de matéria orgânica e a reposição do micronutriente ao longo dos cultivos. Tomadas de decisões no manejo que visam principalmente o aporte de matéria orgânica no sistema impactam de forma positiva nos teores de boro no solo, além de melhorias tanto nos parâmetros químicos, físicos e biológicos dos solos. No mercado existem diversas fontes de boro para a utilização na agricultura e cada fonte apresenta comportamento distinto, para a forma de aplicação, perdas por lixiviação e solubilidade, diferindo a resposta para os diferentes tipos de solo e cultura. Este trabalho visa levantar informações sobre as estratégias para o manejo nutricional com boro, escolha de fontes mais adequadas para a nutrição das plantas, quantificar perdas de lixiviação em função da fonte utilizada e, principalmente, dar subsídios para melhorias no manejo com boro para as culturas da soja, milho, feijão e café.
Stillbirth: prerequisites and risk factors
Authors: Bezhenar V. F. , Ivanova L. A. , Ailamazyan E. K.
Published: November 2020

Here we analyze prerequisites and risk factors resulting in stillbirth. For this, we searched for key words in the electronic databases Scopus, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RSCI etc. Social and medical history (obstetric and gynecological history, previous and identified extragenital diseases prior to pregnancy), bad habits, anthropometry data and pregnancy complications were assessed. Factors unambiguously linked to increased risk of stillbirth were identified.
Effects of manual therapy and TENSI massage technique on facial aging
Authors: Silva Ventura Danielle Bastos , Meyer Patrícia Froes , Da Silva Rodrigo Marcel Valentim , Carreiro Eneida De Morais , Maia Rafaella Rêgo , Diniz Laura Vieira Pires , Farias Stephany Luanna Queiroga
Published: November 2020

Background: Skin aging can be delayed through therapeutic resources. In manual therapy, myofascial stretching has been used tomobilize the structures of the skin, fasciae and muscles in order to reorganize the collagen, improving the appearance of the skin.Objective: Investigate the effects of TENSI massage technique, associated or not with firming cream, on skin aging. Methods: Thesample consisted of 27 volunteers, over the age of 40, who had static and/or dynamic wrinkles caused by facial skin aging. Th eevaluation was performed using the facial evaluation protocol (FEP), photos, morphological analysis of the face by the Dolphin ImagingSoftware and questionnaires. The volunteers were divided into two subgroups: G1 - Manual therapy with 12 volunteers and G2 - Manualtherapy and cosmetics with 15 volunteers. The treatment was carried out in three cycles. Each cycle corresponded to 5 weeks, with twotreatment sessions per week for the first 3 weeks and one session per week for the 4th and 5th weeks. The protocol start ed with facecleaning, followed by cutaneous myostretching. Only the G2 used the firming cream together with the therapy. Results: The softwareanalysis showed changes in both groups, with improvement in the paralateronasal line, in the mandibular projection and in the nasolabialangle, however, these were better perceived in the volunteers of the G2. No adverse reactions were reported and few volunteersobserved hyperemia at the skin. The firmness of the skin was reported as “Much firmer” in the vast majority of volunteers, as well as theclassification in “Excellent treatment”. Conclusion: The myofascial stretch caused by the TENSI Method proved to be effective inimproving skin aging, however, its results are even more satisfactory when adding firming cosmetics
Elogio y petición del Prof. Dr. D. Lorenzo López Trigal, Padrino del candidato Excmo. Sr. D. Horacio Capel Sáez
Authors: López Trigal Lorenzo
Published: November 2020

Elogio y petición del Doctorado Honoris Causa para D. Horacio Capel Sáez
Los geógrafos leoneses y la ciudad de León como arquetipo urbano
Authors: Capel Sáez Horacio
Published: November 2020

Discursoen la recepción del Doctorado Honoris Causa por la Universidad de León
Créditos, índices, mapa
Authors: Consejo de Redacción Consejo de Redacción
Published: November 2020

Créditos, índices, mapa
La Huerta del Cañete (Mazarrón): Agricultura histórica tradicional abandonada en un medio rural = Traditional historical agriculture abandoned in an unpopulated rural environment
Authors: Castejón Porcel Gregorio , Rabal Saura Gregorio
Published: November 2020

En este estudio se analiza la conocida como Huerta de Cañete, histórico complejo hidráulico y agrícola emplazado en la aldea de La Majada (Mazarrón) originado a partir del aprovechamiento de las aguas de la Fuente de Cañete mediante la construcción de un minado o galería y cuya existencia fomentó una importante ocupación del entorno amparada en la disponibilidad de este preciado recurso para la producción agraria y el uso ganadero, doméstico e industrial. Un espacio de cultivo que guarda una historia de gran interés y que constituyó, desde su fundación siglos atrás, un auténtico oasis agrícola de una extensión considerable cuyos rasgos arquitectónicos principales todavía persisten al paso del tiempo, aunque en grave riesgo de desaparición por su pérdida de funcionalidad y la situación de desamparo y desprotección en la que se encuentran. Un vergel que, tras centurias de vida, languideció en las últimas décadas del siglo XX, quedando hoy día totalmente abandonado por diversos motivos naturales, sociales y económicos, constituyendo, de este modo, un símbolo de un reconocido proceso de despoblación de esta comarca rural de difícil reversión motivado por circunstancias claramente identificadas y de diversa índole, la mayoría en consonancia con procesos de migración rural acaecidos en otros enclaves con características vitales similares.In this work we study the Huerta de Cañete, a historic hydraulic and agricultural complex located in the village of La Majada (Mazarrón) which was possible thanks to the use of the waters of the Fuente de Cañete and whose existence fostered an important human occupation thanks to the availability of this resources for the agrarian production and for livestock, domestic and industrial use. A cultivation space which have a history of great interest and that constituted, since its foundation centuries ago, a true agricultural oasis whose main architectural features still persist over time, although at serious risk of disappearance for for their loss of functionality and the situation of neglec and lack of protection in which they find themselves. An orchard that, after centuries of life, languished in the last decades of the 20th century, being totally abandoned for various natural, social and economic reasons, thus constituting a symbol of a recognized process of depopulation of this rural region difficult to invest. Process motivated by clearly identified circumstances and divergence, the majority in line with rural migration processes that occurred in other enclaves with similar vital characteristics.
KERNEL SMOOTHING AS AN IMPUTATION TECHNIQUE FOR RIGHT-CENSORED DATA
Authors: AYDIN Dursun , YILMAZ Ersin
Published: November 2020

Imputation of right-censored observations is an important problem in statistics and other applied sciences. Since right-censored data sets are common in medical studies and survival analysis, researchers should be careful about data quality. In this sense, imputation techniques are used to correctly estimate and complete censored data points. This study introduces the kernel smoothing method as an imputation method that takes into account the structure of the data and the individual effects of the accessible data points with kernel weights. The basic idea is to obtain a nonparametric model from the missing data set and consider sample predictions to estimate the censored ones. A simulation study is conducted to show the benefits of the method, and it is also compared with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) based imputation, which is one of the widely used imputation methods and works similar to the proposed method.
Federalismo y asistencia sanitaria: distribución de competencias y fianciación en EE. UU., Canadá y Alemania
Authors: Sáenz Royo Eva
Published: November 2020

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las repercusiones competenciales y financieras que ha tenido la introducción de la asistencia sanitaria en los Estados federales. Para ello se hace un análisis histórico de tres Estados de larga tradición federal, pero de diferente sistema sanitario: Estados Unidos, Canadá y Alemania. No se tratará aquí cuál de ellos resulta más eficiente para la cobertura sanitaria de los ciudadanos, sino sus implicaciones competenciales (qué nivel de gobierno asume las decisiones) y financieras (qué nivel de gobierno las paga), así como la congruencia entre ambas. De este análisis puede observarse que la incorporación de la asistencia sanitaria en las estructuras federales supuso no solo una centralización de las competencias, sino también una reestructuración de las fuentes de financiación y del gasto. Por otra parte, también se observa que la capacidad financiera del centro y de las partes es la que determinará su capacidad decisoria, por encima, incluso, del formal sistema de distribución competencial. De hecho, los conflictos entre el centro y las partes en la experiencia comparada nacen no cuando se decide al margen del sistema competencial, sino cuando se decide, pero sin otorgar los recursos suficientes. De ahí que la configuración del sistema de financiación de las unidades territoriales de un Estado federal resulte fundamental para la distribución de competencias en asistencia sanitaria en la práctica.
Discursos sobre política migratoria en el campo político chileno
Authors: Thayer Correa L. E. , Durán Migliardi C. , Correa S. , Cortés C.
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar los discursos sobre la política migratoria que existen en los actores políticos y sociales que componen el campo político chileno. Para ello el trabajo indaga los elementos que componen el discurso más que en las posiciones de los distintos actores. Se basa en el análisis de 55 entrevistas a autoridades del poder ejecutivo, parlamentarios, centros de pensamiento y dirigentes sociales vinculados a los colectivos migrantes. El análisis de los discursos se organizó en las dos dimensiones de la política migratoria: la primera referida a los requisitos de la admisibilidad al territorio, y la segunda a la condicionalidad para el acceso a derechos una vez que los migrantes han sido admitidos. Se concluye con la construcción de una tipología de cuatro modelos discursivos sobre la concepción de la política migratoria en cada uno de esos ejes.
Análisis experimental de efectos. Medios y actitudes hacia lo islámico
Authors: Durán Muñoz Rafael
Published: November 2020

En este estudio se analiza experimentalmente si enfoques mediáticos dispares (islamófobo vs. integrador) producen efectos asimismo dispares y concordantes en las opiniones acerca del islam y los musulmanes. Un tercer enfoque (neutro) permite trabajar con un grupo de control. La muestra está conformada por trescientos ochenta estudiantes de distintas titulaciones de una universidad española. No obstante la predisposición mayoritariamente favorable a lo islámico, se comprueba que los enfoques afectan a las opiniones en el sentido previsto y que el efecto está mediado por variables como el sexo, la ideología, las relaciones con musulmanes y la opinión sobre el tratamiento que en la práctica realizan los medios de lo islámico.
El bicameralismo italiano: ¿una anomalía? (Una respuesta muy breve)
Authors: Arena Antonio Ignazio
Published: November 2020

Se suele afirmar que el bicameralismo italiano es «anómalo». El escrito está dedicado a un examen crítico de esta tesis. En la primera parte nos centramos en los orígenes históricos del sistema parlamentario italiano, teniendo en cuenta las similitudes y diferencias con respecto a otras tradiciones constitucionales. Después se reflexiona sobre la composición del Senado (apoyando su reconducción al modelo de la Cámara de los sabios, y sobre la identidad de las funciones atribuidas a las dos Cámaras, y finalmente sobre la posibilidad de un trade-off entre la Segunda Cámara y los nuevos instrumentos de democracia directa y participativa.
Critical role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in sepsis via interfere with MCP-1/CCL2 signaling pathway
Authors: J Goodman Jason , A Putensen Alison
Published: November 2020

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by the multiple cell types, modulates the expression of several inflammatory molecules. Since MIF is a critical mediator of septic shock by modulation of innate immune responses and many studies demonstrated the role of MIF in sepsis pathogenesis and signaling pathways; however, the mechanisms underlying these changes remain unclear. MIF also promotes the migration and recruitment of immune cells inducing the expression of chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, adhesion molecules as intercellular adhesion molecule (I-CAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (V-CAM)-1. Male MIF+/+ and MIF−/− mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce sepsis. Mif(-/-) mice had enhanced susceptibility to bacterial infections and impaired tumor necrosis factor (TNF) compared with MIF+/+. Further, Mif(-/-) mice showed upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine and eleveated the levels of MCP-1. Interesting treatment with recombinant human MIF (rhMIF) before CLP protected the animals from sepsis. Together, these data suggest that potential of targeting or exploiting MIF for therapeutic strategies in the management of sepsis.
Primer registro del efemeróptero Vacupernius packeri en Colombia y América del Sur y descripción de la morfología de sus huevos
Authors: Bacca Tito , Marulanda Jhon Faber , G. Dias Lucimar
Published: November 2020

Se registra por primera vez el efemeróptero Vacupernius packeri en Colombia y América del Sur y se describe la morfología de sus huevos. La especie se identificó a partir de ninfas, subimagos e imagos procedentes de los departamentos de Tolima y Caldas, Colombia. Los huevos tienen forma oval, una cápsula polar y placas coriónicas poco superpuestas cerca al polo sin tapa. Además, se observó que presentan características similares a las del grupo Traverhyphes: placas coriónicas poco traslapadas y ausentes en el corion que rodea la cápsula polar. Es importante aclarar las relaciones entre los grupos Vacupernius y Traverhyphes en futuros análisis filogenéticos.
Efectos del defoliador Atta cephalotes Linnaeaus. en el crecimiento y el desarrollo fisiológico e hidráulico de árboles juveniles de Gmelina arborea Roxb. en condiciones controladas
Authors: Valverde Juan Carlos , Mendez Dawa , Arias Dagoberto
Published: November 2020

Atta cephalotes es una especie de insecto defoliador que afecta el desarrollo del Gmelina arborea en condiciones de cultivo comercial; sin embargo, son pocos los estudios que analizan el proceso de recuperación del G. arbórea desde el punto de vista fisiológico. En el presente análisis se evaluaron los efectos de la defoliación por A. cephalotes en el crecimiento y el desarrollo fisiológico e hidráulico de árboles juveniles. Se utilizaron 25 árboles con edad y condiciones morfométricas similares bajo las mismas condiciones ambientales; 16 de ellos se expusieron al ataque del insecto y su recuperación se evaluó durante 510 días, valorando el crecimiento (de diámetro y altura total), el desarrollo fisiológico (índice de área foliar, IAF; transpiración y valores de SPAD) e hidráulico (turgencia, movimiento del flujo de la savia, MFS, y contenido de humedad foliar, CHF). Se encontró que las plantas atacadas sufrieron un déficit de crecimiento diamétrico del 39,0 % y de 64,3 % en altura. A nivel fisiológico se requirieron 120 días para la recuperación de los valores de SPAD y 150 días para recuperar la conductancia estomática y el IAF a niveles similares a los del control. En cuanto a las variables hidráulicas, el periodo fue menor: la turgencia foliar se recuperó en 45 días y el MFS y la CHF en 60 días para alcanzar los mismos valores del control. Este comportamiento se explicaría por el estrés de la defoliación que obliga al árbol a reiniciar la recomposición foliar, lo que requiere el movimiento de azúcares, nutrientes y agua y hace que el movimiento hidráulico sea primordial para evitar la muerte del árbol por estrés.