bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR DBD DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS AIR DINGIN
Authors: Putri Novia Wirna , Huvaid Sevilla Ukhtil
Published: April 2019

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the important public health problems in Indonesia. Cases of dengue fever in the city of Padang in 2015 experienced a significant increase in the amount of 1,126 cases (IR = 124.8 per 100,000 population) with a total death of 8 people (CFR = 0.7%). The Cold Water Health Center is one of the health centers in the city of Padang with a work area that has a significant increase in dengue cases in 2015 with an IR of 361.5 per 100,000 population. The research objective was to analyze community participation in the DHF vector control program in the working area of the Cold Water Health Center in Padang City in 2018. This type of research was descriptive research. The sample is 99 people taken by proportional random sampling technique. Data analysis includes univariate analysis of community participation in vector control, namely environmental modification, environmental manipulation, physical control, chemical control, biological control and the existence of larvae. The results showed that 52.5% of respondents were larvae positive, 32.3% of respondents belonged to the bad category of environmental modification, 58.6% of respondents belong to the bad category of environmental manipulation, amounting to 30.3% of respondents classified in the bad category is physical control, 78.8% of respondents belong to the bad category of chemical control, and 35.4% of respondents belong to the bad category of biological control in the DHF vector control program in the working area of the Cold Water Health Center. It is recommended to the Air Dingin Health Center to be able to socialize to the public regarding DHF vector control programs both in aspects of environmental modification, environmental manipulation, physical, chemical and biological control.Keyword: DBD, vector, environment
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN MP-ASI DENGAN KEJADIAN KONTIPASI PADA BAYI USIA DI BAWAH 6 BULAN DI KLINIK “PA” HAMPARAN PERAK
Authors: Oktafirnanda Yuka
Published: April 2019

The best food for babies aged 0-6 is breast milk. Mother's Milk (ASI) is the best and most ideal source of energy with a balanced composition according to the needs of the baby during the growth period, the benefits of breastfeeding are not only felt by babies but also by mothers, the environment and even the country. The food digestive system is related to receiving food and preparing it for processing by the body. The food digestion process can occur normally and can experience interference, this is because food substances are digested by the body, so that digestive problems can occur such as constipation. Constipation is a defect that is no more frequent than every three days. In normal children, stool consistency and frequency of bowel movements can vary. Breast milk may experience defecation after each breastfeeding or only once every 7-10 days. Babies fed with formulas and older children may experience bowel movements every 2-3 days. The Purpose study was to determine the frequency distribution of MP-ASI, contipation and to know the relationship between MP-ASI and contipation. This type of research is using analytic survey research methods with Crossectional design. The samples to be studied were 30 respondents. Data were analyzed by conducting chi-square analysis test. Showed that there was a relationship between the relationship between MP-ASI and contipation, namely (p = 0.006). This study is that there is a significant relationship between the administration of MP-ASI and contipation, namely (p = 0.006).Keywords: MP-ASI, Contipation In Infant Before The Age of 6 months
RESEARCH ON EFFECTIVE USE OF STEEL COLUMNS
Authors: Василькин А. , Vasil'kin Andrey , Сафронов С. , Safronov Sergey , Еремин К. , Eremin Kirill
Published: April 2019

The article sets the task of determining the area of effective application of solid and through columns. The parametric optimization method is used as a research method. The accepted optimality criterion includes the cost of steel, the cost of column manufacturing and the cost of applying corrosion protection. The main parameters affecting the intensity of metal and cost of the column are the load, the calculated length and the radius of inertia of the section. In the study, the type of cross-section of the column is adopted unchanged, in the form of an I-beam (is a limitation); the load and length of the column are taken as variable parameters. The design scheme of the structure is a centrally compressed column with hinged fastening of the base and the head. According to the regulatory conditions of stability and ultimate flexibility, the required cross-sectional area for each value of the variable parameter is determined. Charts with selected areas of optimal application are compiled; it helps the design engineer to choose between a solid or through section of the column, depending on its actual load and length.
BUILDING MIXTURE WITH BACTERICIDAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Пугин К. , Pugin K.
Published: April 2019

Building technologies allow obtaining new materials with enhanced consumer properties. The ability to create conditions that prevent the development of bacterial microflora on building structures is one of such properties. The article presents common methods of protecting building materials and structures from the effects of bacterial cultures. Slag of ferroalloys production is proposed for the formation of bactericidal properties of the building mixture. The results of the study to determine the bacterial and basic physicomechanical properties of the proposed mortar are presented. The Plaster of Rotgips produced without bactericidal properties is used as the initial mixture. Evaluation of bacterial properties is carried out in ratios of 1: 1 and 5: 1 (plaster / slag). Studies show that the mixture does not stimulate growth and reproduction of bacterial microflora. A new mortar with a bactericidal property is obtained. Studies of crack resistance, physical and mechanical properties of the mixture with different composition present that the ratio of plaster and slag of 5: 1 allow achieving the main consumer indicators. The strength of the developed mortar during the compression test is not less than 2 MPa. The crack resistance is evaluated according to the method developed at the National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering.
OBTAINING FILLED POLYURETHANE FOAM WITH IMPROVED OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Кочерженко А. , Kocherzhenko A.
Published: April 2019

One of the most important advantages of polyurethane foam is the ability of single-stage production. Foaming and curing of this heat insulation does not require the supply of heat in connection with the exothermic fusion reaction that occurs when two or more liquid components are mixed, with simultaneous adhering of polyurethane foam to various surfaces due to good adhesion to almost any material. At the same time, this foam polymer has a low density and is able to withstand quite large loads.

Thermal insulation material with improved performance properties can be obtained with a careful selection of the granulometric and chemical composition of raw materials. This paper presents a brief overview of the foaming and shaping of polyurethane, examines the structure of developed composite insulation, and establishes the dependence of the foaming ratio of polyurethane foam on the granulometric composition of fillers, including man-made (waste mining industry Stoylensky GOK). The research results show that in the process of forming filled polyurethane foams, chemical reactions between the components of the polyurethane foam and the elements of the fillers do not occur. The foaming process depends mainly on the granulometry of the filler and its percentage in the total mass of polyurethane foam.
INFLUENCE OF ADDITIVES OF BARIUM-CARBONATE TAILING WASTES ON THE PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITIONAL BINDERS AND CONCRETES
Authors: Сарсенбаев Н. , Sarsenbaev N. , Аласханов А. , Alashanov A. , Айменов А. , Aymenov A. , Сарсенбаев Б. , Sarsenbaev B. , Айменов Ж. , Aymenov Zh. , Алдияров Ж. , Aldiyarov Zh. , Сауганова Г. , Sauganova G.
Published: April 2019

The article presents the outcomes of analysis and synthesis of Russian and Kazakh researches on the issue of the use of industrial waste industry for the production of composite slag base binders and concretes. Utilization, liquidation of industrial wastes and their use in the production of composite alkali-activated slag are the issues of global and national importance. Therefore, industrial and developed countries pay great attention to this issue. The influence of the production wastes of the enrichment of polymetallic ores – carbonate-barium tailings on the performance properties (strength, water absorption, density, etc.) of composite alkali-activated slag and concretes is studied. The ways of introducing modifying additives “waste of carbonate-barium tailings” into the composition of alkali-activated slag and concretes are investigated. The optimal amount of introduction the waste of carbonate-barium tailings into the composition of alkali-activated slag of modifying additives is determined. It is 10% of the binder mass and an indicator of effectiveness in influencing the activity of concrete, depending on the type of alkaline component and the hardening conditions. The methods of testing the experimental work to determine the operational properties of alkali-activated slag and concretes based on them are presented.
Contonation and communicative strategy as mechanisms of the 21st century music analysis
Authors: Nikolayevskaya Yuliya
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study is the experience of actualization of the two chosen concepts from the point of view of the interpretive approach, which is aimed at the subject of music and demonstrates the strengthening of the role of the communicative component.
Загальні науково-методичні положення щодо організації та проведення робіт з продовження призначених показників зенітних керованих ракет. Оцінка техніко-економічної ефективності робіт
Authors: Ланецький Б. М. , Коваль І. В. , Лук′янчук В. В. , Лісовенко В. В. , Доска О. М.
Published: April 2019

Формулюються основні науково-методичні положення щодо техніко-економічну оцінку робіт з продовження призначених показників зенітних керованих ракет (ЗУР). дається характеристика витрат, пов'язаних з продовженням призначених показників ЗКР. Розглянуто співвідношення для порівняльної оцінки витрат, пов'язаних з проведенням робіт з продовження призначених показників і закупівлею нових ЗУР. Наведено графіки, які дозволяють оцінити допустимі величини збільшення призначених показників, виходячи з наявних економічних ресурсів, а також графіки, які характеризують залежність тривалості продовжуваного терміну служби виробів від спочатку встановленого терміну служби ЗУР.
Использование акустических моделей при расчете ступени вентилятора турбореактивного двухконтурного двигателя
Authors: Кисляк М. И. , Митрахович М. М.
Published: April 2019

Произведено сравнение экспериментальных акустических показателей вентилятора турбореактивного двухконтурного двигателя с показателями, которые получены путем моделирования с использованием различных акустических моделей.
Засоби радіоелектронної розвідки Російської Федерації
Authors: Романов О.
Published: April 2019

Розглянуто мобільні комплекси радіорозвідки коротко- і ультракороткохвильового діапазонів частот та радіотехнічної розвідки тактичної ланки, що застосовуються в Російській Федерації. Найбільша увага приділяється сучасним зразкам, що прийняті на озброєння за останнє десятиріччя.
Розрахункове визначення деривації артилерійських снарядів
Authors: Шийко О. М. , Полениця П. В. , Сергієв С. В.
Published: April 2019

Наводиться система диференціальних рівнянь для розрахункового визначення деривації артилерійських снарядів, стабілізованих обертанням, яка складається з диференціальних рівнянь руху центра мас снаряда і диференціального рівняння зміни кутової швидкості обертання снаряда при русі по траєкторії в результаті аеродинамічного тертя.
Визначення критеріїв та методів оцінювання шляхів забезпечення військових формувань озброєнням та військовою технікою
Authors: Borokhvostov Ihor , Bilokur Mykola
Published: April 2019

Визначений напрям досліджень щодо пошуку можливих шляхів забезпечення військових формувань озброєнням та військовою технікою та обґрунтовані основні альтернативні варіанти. Визначені головні етапи та фактори або критерії, що впливають на прийняття відповідних управлінських рішень у цій сфері, розроблено алгоритм їх когнітивного аналізу. Визначено доцільні методи експертного оцінювання альтернативних варіантів забезпечення озброєнням та військовою технікою на кожному етапі, а також роль автоматизації та штучного інтелекту в цьому процесі.
Построение области устойчивости цифровой системы наведения и стабилизации танковой пушки в плоскости варьируемых констант алгоритма стабилизации
Authors: Aleksandrova T. Ye.
Published: April 2019

Рассматривается упрощенная методика выбора области возможных значений варьируемых параметров цифровой системы наведения и стабилизации танковой пушки, в качестве которой используется область устойчивости замкнутой системы.
Формализация задачи синтеза облика зенитной ракетной системы нового поколения на основе системно-концептуального подхода
Authors: Nikolaiev I. M.
Published: April 2019

Рассмотрен один из возможных подходов к формализации задачи формирования рационального технического облика зенитной ракетной системы нового поколения с учетом ресурсных ограничений. Показано, что решение этой задачи в методологическом плане требует разработки системы имитационно-математических моделей, описывающих процесс боевого функционирования ЗРС при выполнении совокупности боевых задач в прогнозируемых условиях ведения боевых действий. Приводится алгоритм формирования облика ЗРС, предусматривающий выполнение функционального, технического и конструктивного синтеза по критериям максимума боевого показателя эффективности ЗРС и минимума стоимости создания ее подсистем с требуемыми характеристиками. Показано, что предложенный подход позволяют поднять уровень обоснованности тактико-технических требований и технических предложений по созданию ЗРС нового поколения и структурировать этот процесс в виде последовательности взаимоувязанных процедур, что, в свою очередь, позволит перейти к разработке методик и формализации основных этапов функционального и схемотехнического проектирования ЗРС нового поколения.
Обґрунтування мінімально необхідних вимог до засобів вимірювань при двоступеневій системі діагностування в процесі поточного ремонту військової техніки зв'язку
Authors: Ryzhov Ye. V. , Sakovych L. M. , Nastyshyn Y. A. , Kyryllova N. V.
Published: April 2019

Актуальність статті полягаю у мінімізації витрат на метрологічне обслуговування військової техніки зв’язку у зв’язку з недостатнім фінансуванням заходів технічної експлуатації в цілому. У статті обґрунтовано мінімально необхідні вимоги до засобів вимірювань при двоступеневій системі діагностування в процесі поточного ремонту військової техніки зв’язку, що забезпечує зменшення часу її відновлення за рахунок вдосконалення діагностичного забезпечення. Запропонована блок-схема алгоритму мінімізації вартості засобів вимірювань при збереженні необхідного рівня ремонтопридатності військової техніки зв’язку. Отримані результати дозволяють оцінити якість метрологічного забезпечення технічного обслуговування та поточного ремонту військової техніки зв’язку. Показано порядок використання отриманих результатів на прикладі розробки діагностичного забезпечення блоку електроживлення збуджувача і радіоприймача радіостанції середньої потужності Р-161 та приведено її діагностичну модель у вигляді графа інформаційно-енергетичних зв'язків.Встановлено, що ефект від використання отриманих у статті результатів полягає в зниженні до 18% середнього часу відновлення радіостанції середньої потужності Р-161 за рахунок вдосконалення діагностичного та метрологічного забезпечення. Отримані результати доцільно використовувати при кількісній оцінці показників діагностичного забезпечення військової техніки зв’язку.
PD-L1 Induces Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Through Activation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Fei Zhenghua , Deng Zhenxiang , Zhou Lingyang , Li Kejie , Xia Xiaofang , Xie Raoying
Published: April 2019

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignant epithelial carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer therapy targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is revolutionary. However, the tumorigenic mechanism of PD-L1 is not yet clear in NPC. Here we demonstrated
an oncogenic role of PD-L1 via activating PI3K/AKT in NPC cells. PD-L1 overexpression was frequently detected in NPC biopsies and cell lines by qRT-PCR. PD-L1 overexpression and knockdown demonstrated that PD-L1 promoted NPC cell invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically,
PD-L1 prominently activated the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in a PI3K/AKT-dependent manner. Taken together, we found that PD-L1 overexpression confers NPC cell malignancy and aggressiveness via activating the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling. Thus, these results provide
a basis for diagnosis and treatment of NPC.
Comparing a porphyrin- and a coumarin-based dye adsorbed on NiO(001)
Authors: Freund Sara , Hinaut Antoine , Marinakis Nathalie , Constable Edwin C , Meyer Ernst , Housecroft Catherine E , Glatzel Thilo
Published: April 2019

Properties of metal oxides, such as optical absorption, can be influenced through the sensitization with molecular species that absorb visible light. Molecular/solid interfaces of this kind are particularly suited for the development and design of emerging hybrid technologies such as dye-sensitized solar cells. A key optimization parameter for such devices is the choice of the compounds in order to control the direction and the intensity of charge transfer across the interface. Here, the deposition of two different molecular dyes, porphyrin and coumarin, as single-layered islands on a NiO(001) single crystal surface have been studied by means of non-contact atomic force microscopy at room temperature. Comparison of both island types reveals different adsorption and packing of each dye, as well as an opposite charge-transfer direction, which has been quantified by Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements.
О МОДИФИКАЦИЯХ ПОНЯТИЯ АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЕМКОСТИ
Authors: Chavinson S.
Published: April 2019

„О модификациях понятия аналитической емкости" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 1(1), p. 32-35
К УЗКОЙ ОБРАТНОЙ ЗАДАЧЕ ТЕОРИИ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЗНАЧЕНИЙ В ПОЛУПЛОСКОСТИ
Authors: Čizikov I.
Published: April 2019

„К узкой обратной задаче теории распределения значений в полуплоскости" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 1(1), p. 63-64
QUALITATIVE INVESTIGATIONS OF BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR SELF‐SIMILAR SECOND ORDER SYSTEM WHICH ARISES FROM MODELING OF SURFACE CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Authors: Cepitis Jānis
Published: April 2019

„Qualitative investigations of boundary value problem for self‐similar second order system which arises from modeling of surface chemical reactions" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 2(1), p. 41-47
POLYCONVOLUTION FORMATION OF FINITE INTEGRAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Kakichev V. A.
Published: April 2019

„Polyconvolution formation of finite integral transformations" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 2(1), p. 79-83
USING VARIATIONAL FORMULAE FOR SOLVING EXTREMAL PROBLEMS IN LINEARLY‐INVARIANT CLASSES
Authors: Kirjackij E. G.
Published: April 2019

„Using variational formulae for solving extremal problems in linearly‐invariant classes" Mathematical Modelling Analysis, 2(1), p. 105-116
TESS Delivers Its First Earth-sized Planet and a Warm Sub-Neptune*
Authors: Dragomir Diana , Teske Johanna , Günther Maximilian N. , Ségransan Damien , Burt Jennifer A. , Huang Chelsea X. , Vanderburg Andrew , Matthews Elisabeth , Dumusque Xavier , Stassun Keivan G. , Pepper Joshua , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Beatty Thomas , Bouchy François , Brown Timothy M. , Butler R. Paul , Ciardi David R. , Crane Jeffrey D. , Eastman Jason D. , Fossati Luca , Francis Jim , Fulton Benjamin J. , Gaudi B. Scott , Goeke Robert F. , James David , Klaus Todd C. , Kuhn Rudolf B. , Lovis Christophe , Lund Michael B. , McDermott Scott , Paegert Martin , Pepe Francesco , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Sha Lizhou , Shectman Stephen A. , Shporer Avi , Siverd Robert J. , Soto Aylin Garcia , Stevens Daniel J. , Twicken Joseph D. , Udry Stéphane , Villanueva Steven , Wang Sharon X. , Wohler Bill , Yao Xinyu , Zhan Zhuchang
Published: April 2019

The future of exoplanet science is bright, as Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) once again demonstrates with the discovery of its longest-period confirmed planet to date. We hereby present HD 21749b (TOI 186.01), a sub-Neptune in a 36 day orbit around a bright (V = 8.1) nearby (16 pc) K4.5 dwarf. TESS measures HD 21749b to be

R
⊕, and combined archival and follow-up precision radial velocity data put the mass of the planet at

M
⊕. HD 21749b contributes to the TESS Level 1 Science Requirement of providing 50 transiting planets smaller than 4 R
⊕ with measured masses. Furthermore, we report the discovery of HD 21749c (TOI 186.02), the first Earth-sized (

) planet from TESS. The HD 21749 system is a prime target for comparative studies of planetary composition and architecture in multi-planet systems.
The Myriapoda of Halimun-Salak National Park (Java, Indonesia): overview and faunal composition
Authors: Hilgert Michael , Akkari Nesrine , Rahmadi Cahyo , Wesener Thomas
Published: April 2019

The myriapod fauna of the mega-diverse country of Indonesia is so far insufficiently known, with no species lists or determination keys. In order to obtain an overview of the faunal composition of the Myriapoda in an Indonesian forest system, the fauna of the Halimun-Salak National Park in western Java was explored during the dry season (September–October 2015) in the framework of the German-Indonesian INDOBIOSYS project (Indonesian Biodiversity Discovery and Information System). A total of 980 Myriapoda specimens were collected by hand by 3–4 researchers from three different sites in the national park, from which 796 specimens were determined to a higher taxonomic level (class, order, family) and 617 specimens were determined to morphospecies. Among these, 27 were Symphyla (4%) (excluded from further analyses), 226 Chilopoda (28%) and 543 Diplopoda (68%). The Scolopendromorpha (64% of all identified centipedes) and Polydesmida (69% of all identified Diplopoda) were the most represented orders in our samples.

Twenty-four morphospecies of Chilopoda were determined: one each of Scutigeromorpha and Lithobiomorpha, six Scolopendromorpha and sixteen Geophilomorpha. Nine orders of diplopods were present, with a total of 47 morphospecies: one each of Polyxenida, Glomeridesmida and Chordeumatida, two each of Glomerida, Spirobolida and Siphonophorida, seven of Sphaerotheriida, ten of Spirostreptida and 21 of Polydesmida.

Two species curves were obtained to have a first idea about the myriapod diversity in the Halimun-Salak National Park and to compare the three individual collecting sites.

Our results depict the Scolopendromorpha as the most common centipedes in Javanese rainforests and the Geophilomorpha as the most species-rich order. In contrast, the Polydesmida were the most dominant millipede group with 167 specimens and with 13 morphospecies the family Paradoxosomatidae was the most diverse.
The genus Castanediella
Authors: Lin Chuan-Gen , Bhat Darbhe J. , Liu Jian-Kui , Hyde Kevin D. , Wang Yong
Published: April 2019

Two new species, Castanediellabrevis and C.monoseptata, are described, illustrated and compared with other Castanediella taxa. Evidence for the new species is provided by morphological comparison and sequence data analyses. Castanediellabrevis can be distinguished from other Castanediella species by the short hyaline conidiophores and fusiform, aseptate hyaline conidia, while C.monoseptata differs from other Castanediella species by its unbranched conidiophores and fusiform, curved, 0–1-sepatate, hyaline conidia. Phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS and LSU sequence data was carried out to determine the phylogenetic placement of the species. A synopsis of hitherto described Castanediella species is provided. In addition, Castanediella is also compared with morphologically similar-looking genera such as Idriella, Idriellopsis, Microdochium, Neoidriella, Paraidriella and Selenodriella.
Effect of Concomitant Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs and Methotrexate Administration Route on Biologic Treatment Durability in Rheumatoid Arthritis: OBRI Cohort Results
Authors: Lau Arthur N. , Thorne J. Carter , Movahedi Mohammad , Rampakakis Emmanouil , Cesta Angela , Li Xiuying , Couto Sandra , Sampalis John , Bombardier Claire ,   the OBRI Investigators
Published: April 2019

Objective.

Prior studies have suggested that concurrent conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (csDMARD) therapy enhances the efficacy of biologic DMARD (bDMARD). Here, we assessed the effect of concomitant csDMARD use and methotrexate (MTX) route of administration on time to bDMARD discontinuation in a large Canadian (Ontario), observational, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cohort.

Methods.

Patients from the Ontario Best Practices Research Initiative (OBRI) who initiated bDMARD therapy and had ≥ 1 followup assessment were included. The effect of concomitant csDMARD use (primary analysis) and MTX route of administration (secondary analysis) on bDMARD discontinuation owing to (1) any reason, (2) ineffectiveness, (3) adverse events (AE), and (4) both (2) and (3), were assessed with multivariate Cox regression.

Results.

Among the 814 patients included, 153 (18.8%) received bDMARD monotherapy and 661 (81.2%) combination csDMARD/bDMARD therapy. Over a mean followup of 1.9 years, bDMARD were discontinued in 38.7% of patients. In multivariate analysis, there was a nonsignificant trend toward lower discontinuation for the csDMARD/bDMARD group compared to bDMARD monotherapy for any reason (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.55–1.05) and owing to ineffectiveness/AE (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.50–1.06). Further, patients taking combination therapy had significantly lower risk of bDMARD discontinuation due to AE (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.24–0.76). In the secondary analysis, no statistical association between MTX dose or route of administration and bDMARD durability was observed.

Conclusion.

Concomitant csDMARD use was associated with a significantly lower hazard for bDMARD discontinuation due to AE among patients with RA followed in routine clinical practice in Ontario, Canada. Neither MTX route of administration nor dose were significant predictors of bDMARD durability.
Bacteremia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Patients from a Spanish Registry: Risk Factors, Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics, and Outcomes
Authors: Rúa-Figueroa Iñigo , López-Longo Francisco J. , Del Campo Víctor , Galindo-Izquierdo María , Uriarte Esther , Torre-Cisneros Julián , Vela Paloma , Tomero Eva , Narváez Javier , Olivé Alejandro , Freire Mercedes , Salgado Eva , Andreu José Luis , Martínez-Taboada Víctor , Calvo-Alén Jaime , Hernández-Cruz Blanca , Raya Enrique , Quevedo Víctor , Expósito Pérez Lorena , Fernández-Nebro Antonio , Ibañez Mónica , Pascual-Valls Èlia , Rúa-Figueroa David , Naranjo Antonio , Pego-Reigosa José M.
Published: April 2019

Objective.

To describe the incidence of bacteremia in a large multicentric cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their clinical characteristics and to identify risk factors.

Methods.

All bacteremic episodes from the Spanish RELESSER registry were included. Clinical and laboratory characteristics concerning bacteremia and SLE status, as well as comorbidities at the time of infection, were retrospectively collected. A comparison with sex- and age-matched SLE controls without bacteremia was made. A logistic regression was conducted.

Results.

The study included 114 episodes of bacteremia in 83 patients. The incidence rate was 2.7/1000 patient-years. At the time of bacteremia, the median age was 40.5 (range: 8–90) years, and 88.6% of patients were female. The Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment–Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index was 4 [interquartile range (IQR) 8]; 41% had an SLE flare (66% severe); Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index was 3 (IQR 4). A comorbidity was recorded in 64% of cases. At the time of bacteremia, 88.6% received corticosteroids (68.6% > 10 mg/day) and 57% immunosuppressors. Gram-negative bacilli, most frequently Escherichia coli (29.8%), caused 52.6% of the episodes. The bacteremia-related mortality was 14% and bacteremia was recurrent in 27.2% of cases. A dose-response relationship was found between corticosteroids and bacteremia risk. In the multivariate analysis, these factors were associated with bacteremia: elevated creatinine (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01–1.70; p = 0.045), diabetes (OR 6.01, 95% CI 2.26–15.95; p < 0.001), cancer (OR 5.32, 95% CI 2.23–12.70; p < 0.001), immunosuppressors (OR 6.35, 95% CI 3.42–11.77; p < 0.001), and damage (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.31–2.09; p < 0.001).

Conclusion.

Bacteremia occurred mostly in patients with active SLE and was frequently associated with severe flares and corticosteroid use. Recurrence and mortality were high. Immunosuppressors, comorbidities, and disease-related damage were associated with bacteremia.
Concussion in Children
Authors: Rotter Jacob , Kamat Deepak
Published: April 2019

Concussions are common in pediatric athletes, but they often go underreported. The topic of concussions has garnered much attention from the media recently, and this attention has resulted in the development of stricter guidelines for management of concussion by professional sporting leagues such as the National Football League and the National Hockey League. It is important to establish a clear understanding of the definitions, signs, and symptoms of concussion so that teachers, families, coaches, and physicians can better recognize it when it occurs. A concussion can interfere with school performance and interpersonal relationships, and the knowledge about long-term consequences of pediatric concussion is evolving. Proper management of concussion is critical to reduce the long-term sequelae, especially because there are no current means for prevention of concussion.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2019;48(4):e182–e185.]
Torres de vigilancia en la costa del antiguo reino de Granada (S XV-XVIII)
Authors: Fernández Cánovas M.
Published: April 2019

A lo largo de nuestras costas mediterráneas nos encontramos con una serie continua de torres de diferentes formas situadas en altozanos que dominan el mar, separadas, unas de otras, a la distancia suficiente para que puedan verse y comunicarse entre sí con facilidad. Son torres de vigilancia o torres almenaras, que detectan la aproximación de embarcaciones intrusas que llegan del norte de África con intenciones poco pacíficas. A estas torres –patrimonio histórico, cultural y turístico– que se construyeron entre los siglos XV y XVIII, se refiere este artículo en el que de forma somera se describe su importancia defensiva a lo largo del tiempo, su organización, su tipología, materiales empleados en su construcción y su conservación.
Expert Commentary on New Opportunities and Challenges for Women Within Saudi Distance Education Institutions
Authors: Walabe Eman , Luppicini Rocci
Published: April 2019

Access to post-secondary education is an essential condition for advancing women's leadership opportunities. This chapter provides an expert commentary on how distance education in Saudi Arabia contributes to the advancement of female leadership opportunities by providing women greater access to education and new opportunities for leadership roles. However, despite the new opportunities that distance education offers to Saudi women, there are pervasive challenges that hinder them from acquiring leadership roles in education. The expert commentary draws on professional experience and research to provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of distance education to prepare Saudi women to be leaders in higher education. It also offers recommendations on how to better leverage distance education experience for female students and instructors by applying the rules of netiquette in Saudi online learning environments.
What's Seen and Unseen
Authors: Bertolone-Smith Claudia Marie , Spagna Ana Maria
Published: April 2019

Using the authors' varied experiences in the classroom with Gen Z and the next generation on its way, this chapter investigates an urgent and often unseen issue for students in higher education. With increased pressure to perform, a tension between time and technology, and lasting impacts from the Great Recession, Gen Z students suffer from a growing number of mental health issues. College coursework should challenge students; however, Gen Z often becomes impaired by what is a real and prevalent anxiety. The authors explore the ways Gen Z operates in the classroom, potential causes for this crisis, and solutions to improve Gen Z experiences in our institutions.
Texting With Students
Authors: CohenMiller A. S.
Published: April 2019

Text messaging has become a standard form of communication between students. However, how texting can be used in higher education as a pedagogical practice has not been fully explored or articulated. This chapter provides critical insight into the value of text messaging as formal and informal communication both between faculty and students and also messaging led by students. Juxtaposing literature on the use of texting in educational environments with practical examples of university teaching in the United States and post-Soviet Kazakhstan, the chapter outlines challenges, benefits, and suggested methods of texting with students in higher education. Framed within concepts of 21st-century learning, multilingualism, and multiliteracies, the author suggests clear benefits for utilizing technology that students commonly use, while also creating an environment valuing students' changing modes of communication which puts less pressure on the traditional academic discussion, and gives a voice to the individual.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and Education of Marginalized Populations
Authors: Eno Victor
Published: April 2019

This chapter highlights the challenges that confront HBCUs in enhancement of student success and reduction of the achievement gap among Black students. There is also a focus on institution-centric factors related to administrative structure, leadership, governance, accountability and transparency, management of external relationships with stakeholders, internal culture and politics, among others. HBCU leaderships and stakeholders must implement fundamental changes to remain relevant and survive.
Lending a Voice to the Voiceless
Authors: Blakely Adrian
Published: April 2019

This chapter addresses the issues faced by marginalized students in P-12 public schools in the United States, with a specific focus on the defined correlation between the educational experience of minority students and the extremely disproportionate amount of incarceration among those same student groups. The author's purpose is to shine a light on this issue while further defining aspects of our educational system that may be playing a role in this inequitable outcome. The contents include a qualitative analysis on teacher diversity and training, standardized testing, and the environmental influences of American public school programming and design. Citations include work from professionals in the field, such as Neuroendocrinologist Robert Morris, Marie E. Ferrey, Author of Looking at the Crisis in Hispanic Education, and Dr. Monahan, Professor of Communication at UNC at Chapel Hill.
Instructional Design, Educational Technology, and LGBTQ Students
Authors: Justice Lenora Jean , Hooker Steven D.
Published: April 2019

As diversity and social justice have become more important in education, educators are beginning to realize that their lessons, both real and virtual, need to be more inclusive. More specifically, this chapter addresses the culture, learning, and relationship with technology of a specific subset of students: individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual/transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) or who have LGBTQ parents, guardians, friends, and/or family. Suggestions for educators on inclusive strategies when integrating technology into lessons through digital activities and various educational technology tools, as well as inclusive instructional design suggestions, are included. As for the question addressed in the title, none is the answer because all three of these things belong together in all forms of education, in all types of schools, and by all types of educators.
Machine Learning Application With Avatar-Based Management Security to Reduce Cyber Threat
Authors: Mkrttchian Vardan , Gamidullaeva Leyla , Vertakova Yulia , Panasenko Svetlana
Published: April 2019

This chapter is devoted to studying the opportunities of machine learning with avatar-based management techniques aimed at optimizing threat for cyber security professionals. The authors of the chapter developed a triangular scheme of machine learning, which included at each vertex one participant: a trainee, training, and an expert. To realize the goal set by the authors, an intelligent agent is included in the triangular scheme. The authors developed the innovation tools using intelligent visualization techniques for big data analytic with avatar-based management in sliding mode introduced by V. Mkrttchian in his books and chapters published by IGI Global in 2017-18. The developed algorithm, in contrast to the well-known, uses a three-loop feedback system that regulates the current state of the program depending on the user's actions, virtual state, and the status of implementation of available hardware resources. The algorithm of automatic situational selection of interactive software component configuration in virtual machine learning environment in intelligent-analytic platforms was developed.
Machine Learning With Avatar-Based Management of Sleptsov Net-Processor Platform to Improve Cyber Security
Authors: Mkrttchian Vardan , Gamidullaeva Leyla Ayvarovna , Kanarev Sergey
Published: April 2019

The literature review of known sources forming the theoretical basis of calculations on Sleptsova networks and on the basis of authors' developments in machine learning with avatar-based management established the basis for the future solutions to hyper-computations to support cyber security applications. The chapter established that the petri net performed exponentially slower and is a special case of the Sleptsov network. The universal network of Sleptsov is a prototype of the Sleptsov network processor. The authors conclude that machine learning with avatar-based management at the platform of the Sleptsov net-processor is the future solution for cyber security applications in Russia.
Classification of the Usage of Wikipedia as a Tool of Teaching in Higher Education With Decision Tree Model
Authors: Gazeloğlu Cengiz , Toyganözü Zeynep Hande , Toyganözü Cüneyt , Keleş Murat Kemal
Published: April 2019

Wikipedia is a source that has been used at many universities around the world for students to gain some skills and be motivated positively. In higher education, some academicians have a positive view on the teaching usefulness of Wikipedia, and some of them are determined to use classical teaching. In this chapter, teaching use of Wikipedia in all faculty members of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya are used as data. Then an entropy-based decision tree algorithm was developed. Wikipedia users and non-users are classified according to some aspects with this decision tree. Thus, it can be understood that whether Wikipedia has been used as a teaching tool by academicians or not. So, researchers can have information about the usefulness of Wikipedia in teaching and the intentions in use of it by academicians.
A Hybrid Pythagorean Group Decision Making Model for Website Selection
Authors: Sharma Himanshu , Aakash Aakash , Aggarwal Anu G.
Published: April 2019

The digital revolution has transformed many offline retailers to perform their business activities online, resulting in tough competition in a dynamic marketing environment. A well-built, user friendly, and attractive e-commerce website will result in high traffic intensity and eventually impact the market position of the online vendor. Over the past few decades, a number of studies have been done to predict the key determinants of e-commerce system success. This chapter considers the criteria, namely system quality, content quality, use, trust, support, personalization, and electronic word-of-mouth. Evaluating objects based on a single criterion may pose to be subjective, which have shifted these decisions towards multiple criteria, and hence has popularized the concept of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). This chapter combines Pythagorean fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (PFAHP) and complex proportional assessment of alternatives with grey relations (COPRAS-G), under multiple decision makers, to select the best e-commerce website from five alternatives.
How Do Cartoon Movies Construct Children's Consumption Habits for “Special Days”?
Authors: Esiyok Elif
Published: April 2019

Cartoons, which are widely watched in childhood, are not only a means of entertainment but also a means of spreading certain ideologies, cultures, or habits. Cartoons, a product of popular culture, are also effective in determining consumption habits. From this point, a certain cartoon is analyzed in this study to see how consumption habits for special days are constructed. The sample of the study consists of a series created by Disney, Mickey Mouse's Clubhouse, and through purposeful sampling “Valentine's Day” chapter is chosen. The selected cartoon is examined through using semiotics analysis method. The findings of the current study indicated that the importance of Valentine's Day is emphasized through the use of feelings. The action of giving and getting a present is showed as a reason to become happy and the opposite situation is shown as a reason to be upset.
The Redefinition of Arabism Through Satellite Channels
Authors: Orhan Duygu Dersan
Published: April 2019

This chapter draws on the new forms of Arabism that are produced by transnational Arab media, mainly satellite channels. It will be discussed whether nationalism is a transitory or a permanent phenomenon. The argument advanced here is that nationalism will persist as long as individuals and the political groups use it as an identification or survival mechanism. The distinction between the old form of Arabism which is considered to be a spent force and the new forms of Arabism produced through transnational Arab media are presented. The perspectives of the scholars claiming that communication channels fueled a new form of Arabism are analyzed. The findings regarding role of satellite channels with a particular focus on Al-Jazeera during the Arab Spring in the contagious nature of the protests and in strengthening the Arab public sphere are noted.
The Reflection of Popular Culture on Calendar Photos
Authors: Karabacak Zaliha İnci
Published: April 2019

In the consumer society, brands communicate with consumers by subjects and practices of popular culture. Photography is used as an effective medium in this process. This study that was made within the framework of consumer society and global brands aimed to analyze Lavazza calendar photos that were published between 1993-2012 in the context of popular culture. These photos were analyzed by taking into consideration non-verbal communication means (appearance, manner, activity, props, and settings) enumerated by Dyer. The findings show that non-verbal means of communication have changed in terms of popular culture according to the years in Lavazza's calendar photographs.
Computer-Mediated Communication in the L2 Writing Process
Authors: Çiftçi Hatime , Aslan Erhan
Published: April 2019

As current computer-mediated communication (CMC) research is omnipresent in the foreign/second language (L2) writing process, a synthesis of the research in this realm is needed to better understand and inform the current pedagogical practices with technology in language classrooms. This article presents a review of 38 studies identifying the major characteristics of CMC use in L2 writing process and aspects of L2 writing where CMC is embedded. The findings indicate that a variety of CMC-embedded L2 writing tasks were mainly integrated in the drafting and revising/editing stages of writing. Also, there has been a clear shift in recent years from blogs and wikis to other CMC tools, such as Google Docs, Facebook, Skype, and instant messaging. Also, existing CMC research on the L2 writing process mainly focuses on improvement in L2 writing ability/production, complexity/accuracy/fluency (CAF) measures, interactivity in L2 writing, and learners' editing/revision strategies. Finally, this review discusses pedagogical implications and offers suggestions for future research on CMC and L2 writing.
Beyond Small Chunks
Authors: Barth Ingrid , Spector-Cohen Elana , Sitman Rosalie , Jiang Guhuai , Liu Fang , Xu Yan
Published: April 2019

Although open educational resources (OERs) can help bridge high school-university vocabulary gaps, central questions remain unanswered regarding effective design that enables students to go beyond the “small chunks” that typically characterize vocabulary learning in mobile learning environments (MLEs). This bi-national study adopted a design-based research paradigm to collect input of students at two Chinese universities regarding design factors to overcome potential barriers to learning vocabulary in MLEs. The study iterated through a cycle of analysis, development, implementation, and evaluation with two cohorts of 222 and 136 students, respectively, over two years. Results showed that L1 translations correlated with significantly improved performance on basic-level vocabulary exercises and pop vocabulary quizzes. However, results suggest that moving mobile learning into the mainstream will require designing more effective scaffolding for complex vocabulary learning as well as clearer guidelines for optimal integration of PC and MLEs for supporting self-directed vocabulary study.
Implication of Cyberbullying on Under-Represented Students in Post-Secondary Education
Authors: Yoon Jiyoon , Koo Katie
Published: April 2019

Cyberbullying is an emerging issue in the context of higher education as information and communication technologies increasingly become part of daily life at universities. This article offers a review of the major literature regarding cyberbullying, its victims and perpetrators, and its implications that impact disadvantaged students in higher education, specifically those who are in lower socio-economic situations. Post-secondary education has been an important pathway to guide students out of poverty by helping them lead successful lives. However, as in higher education, cyberbullying incidents have increased in educational situations, the bullied victims are more likely to report feelings of depression that cause an obstacle to their academic achievements in post-secondary education. The anonymous environments associated in cyberbullying can cause immorality of the cyberbullying perpetrators. To prevent cyberbullying on campus, this article provides cyberbullying rules and policies and suggests specialized treatment and interventions for cyber-bullies as a solution.