bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resilience of cultural landscape heritage study in spatial tourism context
Authors: Utami Wahyu
Published: February 2020

Resilience is regarded as a capacity to adapt to the dynamic condition as a management to avoid disturbance and disaster. All this time, resilience is always embedded in local people’s values. Actually in the tourism case, there is a resilience approach to avoid the disaster because of tourism activities or over tourism case. Tourist visits have created problems when local people or spatial spaces are unable to accommodate tourist needs. Based on this phenomenon today, it is important to focus on resilience thinking on tourist area, especially in this case cultural landscape heritage area. Resilience must be understood as the main aspect to explore the potential and the capability to adapt to the dynamic condition that is always changing. In architecture and planning approach, spatial is a human space that can show an interaction between human and nature with culture as media and all of them must be regarded as a holistic system with equilibrium and balance. In this study, the definition of resilience was explored by content analysis based on exploration of many texts in journals and books. It was then discussed by dialog theory between tourist, cultural landscape and resilience. Understanding resilience of cultural landscape with content analysis will create several conclusions that can become reference to tourism cases. To support the theory, this paper described one case of a tourist area chosen as national tourism destination that is Toba Lake area in North Sumatera.
A study on urban spatial patterns of riverside settlement: a case study of Musi Riverside, Palembang
Authors: Lussetyowai Tutur , Adiyanto Johannes
Published: February 2020

The riverside settlements in Palembang are located in wetlands in the form of tidal swamps. This natural condition affects the formation of the urban spatial patterns because all local people activities are carried out on swamp land. Studies on the urban spatial patterns of riverside settlements are intended to obtain the consideration in wetland urban spatial planning, especially in Zoning Regulations, as a tool in building permision. The research method was a case study method consisting of field research and questionnaires distributed to the local community. The location took place in three riverside settlements. The analysis used descriptive analysis for field survey result and likert scale measurements for questionnaire result. The analysis showed that the riverside settlements had unique characteristics because most of the people activities took place above the water. The boundaries of neighborhood units were formed by rivers and roads. The patterns of villages and buildings had two orientations: the road and to the river. The urban spatial patterns in riverside settlement consisted of three patterns: linear patterns, grid patterns, cluster patterns and combinations, due to the natural conditions and the limitations of the material used to form the structure of the road. Buildings and roads in the area were made above the water (on stilts structure), and the height of the stilts considered the water level at the highest tide. The results of this study could be used as consideration in determining the design criteria of urban spatial planning in the riverside settlement.
Potential development of transit areas that are in synergy with environment (case study: tanjung barat TOD, Jakarta)
Authors: Rilatupa James
Published: February 2020

TOD is an urban development approach that integrates mixed spatial planning including housing, shops, markets, sports facilities, offices, open spaces and public facilities with mass transportation, such as buses, trains and equipped with pedestrian or bicycle lanes. The congestion problem that occurs in Jakarta can be reduced by TOD on the supporting area that has a significant impact on environmental pollution, high social costs, and energy waste. The problem arises because there is no balance between transportation needs and the provision of facilities and infrastructure, thus it ultimately impacts changes in land use. This research focuses on the area around the Tanjung Barat station, where apartments are being built with the TOD concept. The research method employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The data used were primary and secondary data. The results of research indicate that the construction of Tanjung Barat TOD is a dilemma for DKI Jakarta Government, because it has the potential to violate spatial rules. In addition, a congestion level that occurs can increase, although the government expects that with Tanjung Barat TOD, congestion levels can be reduced because passengers who live in TOD apartments switch to public transportation modes.
The existence of joglo houses owned by Javanese farmers: A case of Pondokrejo village, Rembang
Authors: Wibawa Baju Arie
Published: February 2020

The joglo building has symbolic meanings and a high cost to build, so it is only applied to several public buildings (pendopo, office, museum, etc.) owned by the rich people, that its existence as a house is difficult to survive. The number of joglo houses in various places does not increase (even decrease), but it does not occur in the Kampung Joglo, Pondokrejo, Rembang. There is an anomaly where the number of joglo houses can survive and even increase from year to year. With this potential, this study examined the existing joglo houses owned by Javanese farmers. The research methodology was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner through the measurement of field data, which was then analysed and described. The results showed that the shapes of roofs were Joglo, Wedhok/Bekuk Lulang (Kampung), Paris (Limasan) and Sinom. In this case, Joglo houses owned by farm families were about 199 homes or 47%. The joglo roof is the essential shape that has always been preserved by the residents. They aspire to build the joglo if they are financially capable. The results of this study also revealed that the joglo house did not only belong to the royal families or officers who lived in urban areas (negarigung) and coastal trader regions (pesisir) but actually, there were many farmers in rural areas (mancanegari) who owned joglo houses too. This study acknowledged the importance of the joglo houses in Pondokrejo that could be preserved eventually.
Historic urban landscape (HUL) approach in Kota Lama Semarang: mapping the layer of physical development through the chronological history
Authors: Prabowo Bintang Noor , Pramesti Previari Umi , Ramandhika Mirza , Sukawi S.
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on the identification of layer mapping of Kota Lama Semarang through chronological development within decades of its construction since the early 17th century. The site was first settled as a relatively small fortress, changed into a massive huge fortress city, and underwent the demolition of the outer wall in order to face modernization and the Nederlandsch Indische hegemony in Indonesia. The newest layer of the map would be posted in the Indonesian independence era, where some major changes were applied in this area.

After reviewing the history of ideologies in conservation, as qualitative research with the descriptive-analytic approach, this article employed heuristic method as its main approach.

This article only discusses one aspect of the Historic Urban Landscape, which is the identification of layer mapping of the Oud Stad area through its chronological development from the 17th to 21st century. The other approaches would be recommended to further research as stated in the conclusion.

The primary apprehension of this article is to examine the efficient and complete approach to preserving the urban heritage that complements the values and the ongoing traditions of the local dwellers.
The Façade Characters of NIS Stations in the Yogyakarta-Bantul Line
Authors: Riza Masyiana Arifah Alfia , Firmandhani Satriya Wahyu , Suprapti Atiek
Published: February 2020

The development of station architecture in Indonesia was preceded by railroad transportation technology developed by the Dutch as a colonial state in the 19th century. In 1867 the Dutch government established the first line connecting Semarang to Yogyakarta. In Yogyakarta Province the development of NIS stations was driven by the growth of the sugar industry at that time. The Yogyakarta-Bantul railroad initially had 12 stations, but only five stations remained, namely Ngabean Station, Dongkelan Station, Winongo Station, Bantul Station, dan Palbapang Station. This study aimed to investigate the differences in façade characters of the Yogyakarta-Bantul NIS stations in more detail. It employed qualitative research methods with a rationalistic paradigm approach. Results revealed the characters in the transitional era where the buildings still had a terrace with simple pillars, a gable roof with a wide overhang with angles ranging from 40-45 degrees, decorative wall elements in the form of “arch” and clear geometri lines. In contrast, the stations with the post-independence Indies architecture no longer had a terrace but they had a limasan roof with angles ranging from 50-60 degrees, decorative elements of the wall in the form of simple geometric lines and stone fragments as wallcoverings. Experimental formations appeared on trapezoid-shaped doors and circular vents.
The Whole Process Management Monitoring and Control of Construction Waste
Authors: Zhuang Zhen , Bi Jun , Wang Fujun
Published: February 2020

The rapid development of urbanization has increased the number of urban construction projects, resulting in a large number of construction waste, and improper disposal of construction waste is likely to lead to safety problems and environmental risks. In order to reduce or even eliminate the recurrence of such incidents, this paper, based on the analysis of the current situation at home and abroad, puts forward how to improve the whole process management mode of construction waste from three aspects: large data acquisition and processing, spatial and temporal characteristics analysis and evolution mining of main body behavior rules and model establishment. The improvement of the whole process management mode of construction waste proposed in this paper will further improve the deficiencies in the current management of construction waste, so as to better realize the standardized management of construction waste and make the construction waste fully utilized and reused safely and efficiently.
The Capabilities for Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution by Ships: China’s Construction Experiences and Future Perspectives
Authors: Li Song
Published: February 2020

The transportation of crude oil will still mainly based on tanker in the next few decades. Although the number of largescale marine oil spill has decreased significantly over the last half a century, but our world will continuous confront many challenges about PCMPS (prevention and control of marine pollution by ships) inevitably. China has made great achievements of the capabilities for prevention and control of marine pollution by ships in the past decade, which mainly includes top-level design of framework, laws and regulations, industrial policies, technical specifications, spill emergency response team, contingency plan, etc. Moreover, with actively integrated of the emergency materials invested by governments, ship pollution removal enterprises and port enterprises, an emergency response system for PCMPS has been initially formed. Meanwhile, China needs continuous improvement in many aspects for marine environmental challenges in the future, such as the soft power of warehouses, coordination mechanism of all emergency forces, technical standard system, daily management and maintenance fund, waste receiving capacity, monitoring of oil spill site, etc.
Waste Disposal Optimization Scheme in Traditional Neighborhoods
Authors: Pan Y. L. , Jin L. , Xu K. , Jiang J.L.
Published: February 2020

As the problem of urban waste in China becoming increasingly serious, the issue of garbage disposal in traditional districts is also becoming a matter of concern for city managers. This paper analyzes a garbage basket used for classifying waste and designed for residents of traditional neighborhoods, installation of drive systems for small high-rise residential units in traditional neighborhoods, and design of the entire process management system for waste disposal in the community. The rough classification of household waste can be realized by considering the sources of waste; automation of the entire process can be realized through the process of waste transfer; and full supervision and operation can be realized at the end of the waste disposal process. All these measures are intended to improve the quality of life of residents living in traditional neighborhoods, to improve the efficiency of waste disposal, and to achieve the goal of waste reduction for harmless and resource-based purposes.
Study of Donghu Lake Water Eutrophication Simulation Based on Mike21
Authors: xiaojuan Li , mutao Huang , ronghui Wang
Published: February 2020

In this paper, a water environment numerical model of donghu lake is constructed based on MIKE21. Firstly, the hydrodynamic numerical model of donghu lake is established by FM module. A nonlinear triangular grid computing domain was created in the research area, initial boundary conditions and wind-driven data were set and other hydrodynamic parameters were input. The actual water level and velocity data in the part of research periods in December 2017 were used for model calibration and verification. Calibration results: vortex viscosity coefficient is 0.29 and manning constant is 0.42m1/3/s. The result of hydrodynamic simulation is in line with the actual situation. On this basis, the water quality module WQ was coupled to simulate the water quality of donghu lake. The simulation period is from November 15 to December 17, 2017.The measured water quality data on December 17 were selected for model calibration and verification, and the errors of each verification point were counted. The calculated results show that the simulated MSE of chlorophyll a concentration is 19.60%, and the simulated MSE of orthophosphate phosphorus is 25.36%. The overall simulation accuracy is well, which can reasonably show the changes of main water quality indexes in donghu lake.
Urban Congestion and Pollution: A Quest for Cogent Solutions for Accra City
Authors: Imoro Musah Baba , Peng Lai , Xu Yifeng
Published: February 2020

Transportation plays instrumental role in the socio-economic development. Road transport is such vital sector which contributes significantly to the growth of many economies. Efficient, affordable, reliable and safe transport system is the most desirable and suitable form of transportation system required to facilitate development. Accra, the capital city of Ghana in West Africa is engulfed with traffic congestion. Accra has the highest motorization rate in the entire country, however, road infrastructure in the city is woefully inadequate. Rapid population growth attributable to rural-urban migration has exacerbated the demand for transportation services. The city contributes a quarter of the total gross domestic product of Ghana and attracts overwhelming 83% of all direct foreign investments (DFI) in the whole country. The projected population growth is 2.4% per annum from 2016 to 2030, a rise from the 2.0% between 2000 to 2016. Carbon dioxide emissions increased by a whopping 285.71% between 1990 to 2012. Annual mean particulate matter (PM2.5) µg m−3 score for Accra is 31.1 µg m−3. Nearly 3000 deaths are recorded annually in Accra attributable to outdoor air pollution related ailments. Traffic congestion in Accra could be significantly reduced through array of potential solutions such as transportation sector policy reforms to incorporate smart and intelligent transportation systems, expansion of road network through adequate investment in infrastructure, strict compliance and enforcement of traffic regulations.
The Research on the Rain Environment Strategy of Guizhou in the Low Impact Development View
Authors: Wang Chao
Published: February 2020

In face of the problems of climate change and contradictions in the urbanization process, humans begin to realize they will need the new strategy on the rain management. The climate change enlarges the influence of the urbanization, hence to develop new management technology on the rain will be a necessary factor to reduce those influences. The low impact development is a fully new rain management concept which goes in the time front. The original goal of this concept is to make sure the hydrologic regime of the city to be closer to that before the development. In order to achieve this goal, this technology makes use of the separate rains control and the character of natural hydrologic regime, etc. To study on the rain resources in the view of low impact development theory will be good for deepening our acknowledge of collaboratively promoting new style industrialization, informationization, urbanization, agriculture modernization and greenization, deepening the understanding of the urbanization in Marxism, the urbanization law and the rain philosophy. On the other hand, it will be also helpful for promoting the acknowledge of structure, methods and theories related to the healthy development of sponge cities.
“Chinese Mode” of Combating Desertification
Authors: You Yuan , Zhou Jie , Wang Yongdong
Published: February 2020

The “Chinese Mode” of combating desertification adopts a multi-wheel driven mode in the process of combating desertification, follows the principle of “dual track system”, taking into account ecological construction and economic development, and achieving poverty eradication and development of sand industry through sustainable land management, until achieve harmonious and sustainable development of deserts and human. This paper puts forward the theoretical concept of “Chinese Mode” and analyzes its practical experience, and the author hope to play a reference role in the international cooperation on combating desertification in “The Belt and Road” countries and the Pan-African Great Green Wall. It aims to better participate in the cooperation and development of relevant local industries for enterprises and institutions, and promote the construction of “going out” and “The Belt and Road Green Development Alliance” for afforestation and sand-fixing technologies.
Regional PM2.5 Estimation in Beijing Based on WRF-Chem Model
Authors: Zhang Yichen
Published: February 2020

Air pollution remains to be a challenge for the government and scholars, especially the particulate matter (PM2.5), resulting in many casualties and huge economic losses. It is imperative to understand the distribution characteristics of PM2.5 and analysis some influencing factors including the wind speed, humidity and atmospheric boundary conditions. A certain scholars have studied the relationship between the PM2.5 and the atmospheric boundary condition. However, there is no study about the correlation analysis between the PM2.5 and wind speed or humidity. Considering all components in the atmosphere affecting each other and the ability of WRF-Chem simulating all of the atmospheric parameters, we utilized the WRF-Chem to simulate the wind speed, humidity and PM2.5. Then firstly the PM2.5 simulated from WRF-Chem are validated with those at the ground stations to evaluate the reliability of WRF-Chem. Secondly, the correlation analysis between the PM2.5 and wind speed or humidity was done, with the correlation coefficient -0.7 and 0.48 in January, 2019. And the results demonstrate that the wind is helpful to decrease the serious air pollution in winter while the humidity has a little effect on the elimination of the particulate matter. The WRF-Chem is potential and an effective tool for the study of the air pollution.
Effectiveness of alternative natural coagulants in the treatment of industrial wastewater
Authors: Calabkova K , Malíkova P , Heviankova S , Kotalova I
Published: February 2020

Inorganic coagulants, synthetic organic polymers and alternative natural coagulants are used to treat raw water into drinking water and in wastewater treatment. In this experiment, model dairy water and kaolin water were treated with four alternative coagulants. Trigonella foenum-graecum proved to be the best coagulant among the selected alternative coagulants.
Sustainability assessment of concrete mixes
Authors: Hrabova K , Teply B , Vymazal T
Published: February 2020

Since concrete is one of the most important and useful materials in the construction sector, which, unfortunately, has an adverse impact on the environment, it is evident that correct procedures for designing and/or assessing concrete structures need to be created. Model Code 2020 with the focus to sustainability stated to be one of main aspiration goals, which will have implications for subsidiary performance requirements critical to structural design, integrate life cycle perspective, reliability and performance based concepts and end-of-service-life issues. Evidently the combined impact of the service life and relevant safety level of structures on the economical and environmental aspects desire full consideration of engineers and stakeholders. Consideration is also given to energy and raw material costs, as well as to environmental impact throughout the life cycle – e.g. due to emissions.
Utilisation of recycled wastewater as an alternative source of water used for fire-fighting purposes by fire brigades in the Czech Republic
Authors: Kotouc D , Krocova S
Published: February 2020

The article focuses on the possibility of using recycled wastewater for fire-fighting purposes by fire brigades. The article briefly defines the most serious hazards that may arise by using recycled wastewater in the field of fire protection. The text also contains a brief definition and comparison of critical microbiological indicators corroborating water contamination. The indicators are defined on the basis of existing national standards and legislative regulations of the Czech Republic for the field of fire protection. Furthermore, the article determines framework defining qualitative limit values of microbiological indicators for fire water sources. Based on the framework specified above, it was possible to determine that the current limit values for permissible microbiological pollution of surface water allow using recycled wastewater as an alternative source of fire water under existing national legislation.
Application of aerosol extinguishing agents to increase infrastructure safety
Authors: Kroca D , Klouda K
Published: February 2020

Fire protection of buildings, their sets and in the broader concept of the hole built-up and state undeveloped territory is one of the basic conditions of any advanced human society. The current scientific knowledge of extinguishing agent different types allows more fires to be managed adequately and effectively. Aerosol fire extinguishers belong to relatively newly developed methods of fire protection connected with buildings and technical infrastructure. By their nature, properties, effects and ecologically sound, this technology has received much attention from the gradual phasing out and reduction of halogen extinguishing agents since the early 1980s, due to the Montreal Convention. Very surprising results and improvement were reached due to modern carbon nanocomposites such as graphene oxide, fullerene and its modifications which were not intended to be used in such fields at all. But thanks to their in-depth examination and advanced technology their exploitation seem to be unlimited.
Natural Polymers as Alternatives to Conventional Coagulation Agents – Lab-Scale Research with Moringa Oleifera Seeds and Chitosan
Authors: Kucera T , Hofmanova L , Biela R
Published: February 2020

This article presents the results of a laboratory-scale research focused on the use of alternative coagulants in water treatment. Attention was particularly paid to natural cation coagulants derived from Moringa oleifera seeds and chitin. These two coagulant agents were used in laboratory research for treating real raw water. Several series of laboratory jar tests were performed to identify the effectiveness of the selected coagulants in removing turbidity from water. The results of the experiments show that the efficiency of the process using natural polymers is not as high as that of conventional chemical reagents. A turbidity reduction efficiency of 80-82% was achieved, which is not as impressive as aluminum sulphate. However, it is a certain alternative in cases of secondary product formation (residual Fe and Al) and associated problems. Here it is possible to use a combination of natural and conventional reagents.
Principle of regional integrated investments and their relation to sustainable development of the Hradec Kralove - Pardubice agglomeration
Authors: Kuta D , Endel S , Hurdalkova L
Published: February 2020

The subject of the paper is to introduce the theoretical approach to sustainability of the economic pillar of the bi-centric Hradec-Pardubice agglomeration. To create sustainable corporate behaviour while ensuring long-term prosperity, consumption, a balance needs to be struck between production and consumption on the basis of supply and demand.
Analysis of the sustainable development of the core cities of the Hradec Kralove - Pardubice agglomeration
Authors: Kuta D , Teichmann M , Hurdalkova L
Published: February 2020

The subject of the analysis is the issue of the development of the core cities of the bi-centric Hradec - Pardubice industrial and residential agglomeration, its importance within the position of developing regions of the Czech Republic and its dependence on the surrounding developing regions.
Land use and climate change impact on runoff in a small mountainous catchment in Slovakia
Authors: Labat M M , Foldes G , Kohnova S , Hlavcova K
Published: February 2020

The paper focuses on the changes in runoff caused by changes in land use and climate. The study was performed in the Boca River basin, which is located in the Low Tatra National Park in Slovakia. This area has been affected by several severe windstorms in recent decades, which had a significant impact on the changes in forest cover in the Boca River basin occurred in 2004 (Alžbeta) and 2007 (Kyrill and Filip). The bark beetle outbreak followed these windstorms. The first part of the paper focuses on the changes in runoff caused by changes in land use for the period from 1990 to 2018. The design values of short-term rainfalls from actual observations and Corine Land Cover land use are used for the calculation of design floods. The second part focuses on the changes in runoff caused by climate change. The climate change is represented by data from Regional Climate Model (RCM) scenario. The estimation of runoff change is provided for the period 2070 – 2100. These results are compared with the results from actual observations. The design floods are calculated using the Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number method.
The proposal for revitalization measures in the Výškovický Stream
Authors: Macalova K , Charvat J , Dvorsky T , Vaclavik V
Published: February 2020

This article deals with the proposal of revitalization measures on the Výškovický Stream. The area where the measures are to be executed is heavily transformed by anthropogenic activity. Anthropogenic activity in the area in question consists mainly of deflecting the stream into a prefabricated concrete trough. The actual proposed revitalization measures are based on the use of meanders along the stream route, which will extend the route by 114 meters. 2 pool meanders and 5 pools have been designed along the route.
Utilising Emotions in the Teaching of Water Management Structures III
Authors: Miklosikova M , Malcik M , Vaclavik V
Published: February 2020

Fortunately, the role of emotions in relation to motivation and the learning process has been increasingly taken into account lately, not only for younger pupils but for all generations of students, including university students. In the past already, the educational goals were divided into cognitive, affective and psychomotor but at universities, the emphasis has always been more on cognitive goals. University student’s motivation to learn is a complex psychic process, which is influenced, among other things, by the student’s volitional (I must) qualities and their emotions (I am interested, I enjoy). An important part of studies is also the acquisition and strengthening of social personality competences (soft skills), which are closely related to emotions and which, together with expertise, are an important part of every profession. In the research, we first found out how the emotions and motivation of university students are utilised in the teaching of the course Water Management Structures III; and which teaching methods are preferred for this purpose. Then we investigated the level of stress, fear and anxiety that students experience when presenting a seminar assignment in the given subject in front of a study group by measuring the physiological quantity of emotion – the electrodermal activity of the skin. The measured values were collated with the self-awareness of students; to what extent they were aware of their emotions, how they experienced them and worked with them. Adequate self-presentation and coping with difficult situations are closely related with the ability to work with emotions and are considered by employers as very important social and personal competencies.
Land use changes and effects on heat islands in the city
Authors: Vojvodikova B , Ticha I , Fojtik R , Jupova K
Published: February 2020

Because of ongoing climate change cities need to take into account also temperature rise issues during projects preparation and in general planning, in order to mitigate heat stress problems. This paper shows the possibilities of applying the Urban Climate model in connection with the evaluation of temperature islands when changing land use-land cover. The example of Masaryk Square in Hodonin shows that small technical solutions can improve the thermal stress islands in urban areas. In the second part of the paper, the results of assessing usability of the model’s application in the form of the Climate-fit.city service using the cost benefit analysis are outlined. In conclusion, the opinions of the representatives of the town of Hodonin for which this service was created are summarized.
Threshold Determination Using Bi-hazard Fragility Curves for the Evaluation of Structural Health Monitoring of USHER Technology
Authors: Baylon M B , Uy F A A , Montes K M S , Embalzado K A D
Published: February 2020

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is not new in the field of structural engineering and its application goes from the monitoring to evaluation of bridges, dams, buildings, and other similar structures. As per National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) Volume 1[1-4], the Implementing Rules of earthquake recording instrumentation of buildings has been continually advancing, but not in the case of bridges and dams. The objective of this paper is to apply the established sensor-driven accelerometer developed by USHER (Universal Structural Health Evaluation and Recording) system in the evaluation of Padre Jacinto Zamora Bridge in Manila; specifically, to determine the proper installation of the developed accelerometer in the identified critical parts of the bridge. SHM addresses the problem of structural integrity assessment and help in assuring repair cost to a minimal. SHM helps quantify the strength of a structure by identifying the damage. Often evaluations are made using visual inspection and by age consideration. Most of the time, the use of this type of evaluation tend to be expensive. Repairs are not directed to the damaged component alone but the whole structure. Hence, the expenditure expands. SHM with the application of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS) will allow gathering of data that can be converted in the form of the structure’s modal properties (i.e. natural frequency, mode shape, and damping ratio) [6, 7]. Structural health is then determined and be ready to compare it to the structural model simulation results. A method was developed to incorporate seismic fragility curves [5] to determine the thresholds for the evaluation of the structural health. Capacity spectrum method was utilized to derive the seismic fragility function. A Monte Carlo Simulation was used to derive the flood fragility curves.
Inhomogeneous Rods in Torsion: Longitudinal Fracture Analysis by Considering the Energy Balance
Authors: Rizov V
Published: February 2020

Fracture of inhomogeneous non-linear elastic rods with a longitudinal circular cylindrical crack is analyzed. Rods have circular cross-section and are loaded in torsion. General approach for analyzing the strain energy release rate is developed by considering the balance of the energy. The rods exhibit continuous material inhomogeneity in both radial and length directions. The general approach is applied to analyze the strain energy release rate for a longitudinal crack in a clamped inhomogeneous rod loaded in torsion. The strain energy release rate is derived also by considering the complementary strain energy for verification.
Cost Impact Analysis on the DPWH Guideline and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for Private Buildings using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis-Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDA-AHP) in the City of Manila
Authors: Alfonso V. C. M. , Bagsit M. B. , Reyes J. D. , Baylon M. B. , Uy F. A. A.
Published: February 2020

Philippines lie in the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region where earthquakes and other seismic activities are frequent. Through the NBCDO Memorandum Circular No. 01 Series of 2015, The DPWH Guidelines and Implementing Rules on Earthquake Recording Instrumentation for buildings was implemented with the objectives of: (1) ensuring the safety of building occupants by determining the condition of buildings, and (2) collecting earthquake related data during major seismic activities. Despite being signed on March 12, 2015, the compliance rate of the buildings here in the City of Manila was low. The purpose of this study is to determine the cost impact of the said guidelines to building owners using MCDA- AHP; as well as to identify the amount needed to equip the City of Manila. The research was carried out having SHM experts (for AHP) and building owners (for MCDA) as the respondents for the corresponding parts of the study. The results show that the equipment price has the biggest impact to the building owners and their willingness to pay for ERIs is lower compared to the market.
Adsorption of Diclofenac Pharmaceutical onto a Cationic Organoclay and an Untreated Montmorillonite
Authors: De Oliveira Tiago , Guégan Régis
Published: February 2020

Among pharmaceutical products (PPs) recalcitrant to water treatments, diclofenac shows a high toxicity and remains at high concentration in natural aquatic environments. The aim of this study concerns the understanding of the adsorption mechanism of this anionic PP onto an organoclay prepared with a long-alkyl chains cationic surfactant for various experimental pH and temperature conditions. The experimental data obtained by a set of complementary techniques (X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and the use of Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevish equation models, reveal that organoclays show a good affinity to diclofenac while the chemical nature of surfactant appears to play a minor role. This study stresses out the application of organoclays for the adsorption of a recalcitrant PP in numerous aquatic compartments that can be used as a complement with activated carbon for waste water treatment for instance.
Steam Integrated Flattening Machine for Bamboo Culms
Authors: Atienza A H , Gutlay H , Rodrigo P V , Tamayo P
Published: February 2020

Bamboo is a fast growing grass plant abundant in tropical and subtropical countries. Bamboo culms can be used in a variety of applications and thus needs to undergo different process one such process is the flattening process. Traditional flattening process uses the bolos, machetes and hand splitters to make slats of the bamboo. This paper aimed to present a flattening machine with a presser mechanism which utilizes heat and steam to help in the flattening process. The output of the machine was flattened semi-circular bamboo culms from varying radius a bamboo culm with minimal to no cracks. The parameters that were observed were the thickness of the culm, flattening time, heating temperature and length of the culm. From the testing, it showed that flattening time varies directly with the thickness of the bamboo culm.
Numerical Simulation and Experiment of a MEMS Ultrasonic Cavitation Model
Authors: Liu Zihong , You Hui , Li Liangchao , Lin Ronghui , Zhang Ping
Published: February 2020

This paper aims at analyzing the microbubble ultrasonic cavitation from the designed Bowl-shaped piezoelectric transducer in a micro channel. The cavitation conditions were derived and three methods of analysis were employed: (i) numerical analysis of piezoelectric parameters for the bubble cavitation using 2D piezo-acoustic coupling modelling. (ii) numerical analysis of microbubble dynamics and activities under ultrasound irradiation using 2D CFD simulation. (iii) experimental analysis of ultrasonic cavitation using designed micro-fluid chip by acoustic chemistry method. With the cavitation condition, the cavitation phenomenon of a lone micro bubble was analysed by the classic mathematical modelling, by which the piezoelectric transducer was optimized for ultrasonic cavitation in the micro channel. From the CFD results, the velocity of acoustic streaming increased to 58.6m/s, and the movement of the bubble wall was affected by the ultrasonic characters, which was in good agreement with the literature. The ultrasonic cavitation was proved to exist in the micro channel by the acoustic chemistry experiment.
Earthquake Vulnerability Assessment of High-Rise Buildings in Surabaya using RViSITS Android Application
Authors: Riyanto Wahyu , Irawan Djoko , Joko Wahyu Adi Tri , Iranata Data , Rizki Amalia Aniendhita
Published: February 2020

This article presents about vulnerability assessment of high-rise building in Surabaya, the second largest city in Indonesia. In 2007, the Earthquake National Research Center -Indonesia’s Ministry of Public Works released the latest earthquake fault map. Include the discovery of Surabaya fault and Waru fault that across Surabaya. According to that new discovered fault, it is possible that there is a higher potential earthquake hazard for buildings structures in Surabaya. Therefore, the efforts to assess the vulnerability of buildings towards the earthquake need to be conducted, especially for the high-rise buildings. An android based RViSITS (Rapid Visual Survey by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember) is an application that has been developed based on FEMA 154. That application helps the vulnerability assessments of buildings can be conducted quickly and efficiently. Since, it does not require a lot of personnel, quite short research time and cheaper cost than having to use a manual form that is considered less effective for a large number of buildings. This research itself is conducted to assess the vulnerability of high-rise buildings (8-15 floors) throughout Surabaya city using the RViSITS android application. Based on the results of this study on 98 high rise buildings, it is found that 21 buildings (21.43%) are in the prone category since they had an index value < 2, while 77 buildings (78.57%) are in the safe category with an index ≥ 2. The result obtained in this research can be used as a database of local government institution for mapping the vulnerability of high rise buildings and initial input for mitigation plan toward the higher possibility of an earthquake hazard in Surabaya.
Effect of Method of Soil Drying On Atterberg Limits and Soil Classification
Authors: Raad Al-Adhadh Ahmed , Kadhem Sakban Haider , Tawfiq Naeem Zahraa
Published: February 2020

One of the most significant factors that effects the soil classification is Atterberg limits, liquid limit and plastic limit. Atterberg limits were developed by a Swedish scientist at the early 1900’s called Atterberg. These limits could express the consistency of fine-grained soils due to variety of water content. These limits divide the soil into four major states, solid, semi-solid, plastic, and liquid state. According to American Standard for Testing and Materials (ASTM), to check liquid limit and plastic limit tests for a soil, the soil should be dried before the test for preparation purpose. ASTM specified two ways to dry the soil specimens, oven dry and air weather dry and both should give same results. Most of engineers will go with dry oven method to speed up the specimen preparation process assuming there is no any difference between these two methods of drying. In this research, the effect of the drying method has been studied. The results showed that the drying method has a significant effect on the liquid and plastic limits and then on the classification of soils. The soil specimens of this research were brought from all over Iraq cities to ensure studying different soils that could exhibits different behaviors.
Artificial Intelligence of the Water Supply System of Plant Growing Objects
Authors: Yu Polenov D
Published: February 2020

The article proposes a solution to the problem of achieving the maximum value of productivity of plant growing objects based on the introduction of artificial intelligence on the basis of neural networks in the water supply system of plants. Various factors affecting crop yields and plant growth are presented. Factors are considered as incoming signals for mathematical neurons of artificial intelligence. A diagram of the artificial intelligence neural network of the plant water supply system, its topology, and the corresponding mathematical model are constructed.
Use of Zinc Ferrite for Photocatalytic Treatment of Water Contaminated with Organic Dye
Authors: Cantiello A , Candamano S , De Luca P
Published: February 2020

The present work aims to test the use of zinc ferrite as a photocatalytic agent for the discoloration of water contaminated by organic dyes. The zinc ferrite used is an industrial waste that comes from an industrial plant destined for the extraction of zinc. The organic dye studied was the Blue Patent V. The photocatalytic tests were prepared using aqueous solutions contaminated by the organic dye to which predetermined quantities of zinc ferrite were added and were subsequently exposed to sunlight for programmed times. Furthermore, systems in the presence of hydrogen peroxide have also been studied. After the exposure time, the systems were filtered and the concentrations of the solutions were measured with UV spectrophotometry. The ferrite after the photocatalytic tests was characterized by thermal analysis (DSC). The data obtained were analyzed according to the experimental parameters used. Zinc ferrite showed photodegradative abilities respect to the analyzed dye.
Numerical Simulation of Air Resistance on the Mars Probe Cabin Separation
Authors: Chen Qiwei , Feng Wei , Tang Laiying , Wang Linzheng , Zheng Shengyu , Sun Wei , Wang Wei
Published: February 2020

In order to verify the separation requirements of Mars probe’s cabins, the Flunet analysis models of the heatshield and the aeroshell of Mars probe are established. The relationships between air resistance and the velocity, deflection angle of the cabins are obtained by numerical calculation method. The relationships between air resistance moment and the velocity, deflection angle of the cabins are also gained. According to simulation and analysis, the air resistance of the cabins obviously with velocity, but has little change with the increase of deflection angle. The air resistance moment of the cabins increases obviously with velocity and deflection angle.The dynamic simulation results of air resistance during the courses of the cabins separations provide effective data support for the simulation and ground validation of Mars probe cabin separation.
Comparison of Three Compensation Methods for the Touch-trigger Probe Pretravel Errors
Authors: Li Simi , Zeng Long , Feng Pingfa , Yu Dingwen
Published: February 2020

On-machine inspection (OMI) system has been used extensively for automatic setting of the workpiece and determination of kinematic error in machine tool. There is a necessity not only for knowledge of touch-trigger probing error characteristic, but also for the compensation method of probe error because probing error is an important component of system errors. The comparison of compensation accuracy of three compensation methods is presented. To compensate the touch trigger probe pre-travel errors the calibration experiments with a reference sphere are conducted. Subsequently, the calibration data are used in three compensation methods that the bilinear interpolation method, the bicubic Coons pitch interpolation method and the neural network method. Finally, the validate experiments are conducted on the OMI system, and the compensation results show that the bicubic Coons pitch interpolation method is the most accuracy compensation method.
Flight Path Planning Surrogate Model Based on Stacking Ensemble Learning
Authors: Yang X Z , Cui Z X , Qiu X Y
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes a method of establishing flight path planning surrogate model based on stacking ensemble learning, which can solve the real-time problem of complex flight mission’s on-line waypoints calculation. Airborne navigation system mainly utilizes several discrete waypoints to guide flight path or flight control. These waypoints are usually calculated by a set of equations based on flight dynamics, flight kinematics and flight mission constraints, and therefore path planning for complex missions cannot guarantee real-time performance. In this paper, flight samples are generated offline by taking flight mission characteristic parameters as input and flight waypoint coordinate series as output. Then two-layer coupling model is constructed based on stacking ensemble learning. A series of base-learners are constructed to learn the quantity of waypoints or each waypoint’s coordinate values respectively. At last, flight path planning surrogate model is built by combining all the base-learners, establishing the direct mapping relationship between input and output. The results show that this surrogate model can effectively calculate the aircraft flight waypoints, and meanwhile maintains ideal accuracy and real-time performance.
Research on Service-oriented UAV Route Planning Component Design
Authors: Qi Yuanyuan , Kang MinYang , Xue Bing , Wang Shuo
Published: February 2020

In the field of aviation equipment, with the development of airborne avionics systems towards systemized multi-platform coordination, the service-oriented architecture (SOA) has become an important trend for the development of open avionics system. Based on the idea of SOA, the service-oriented design of the UAV route planning component is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the functions of avionics are abstracted out from generally involved avionics missions with focus on the conception of avionics service. Then the function-directed servitization process of the UAV avionics resources is studied, based on which, a set of callable UAV route planning components are further constructed. The UAV route planning service component set can be flexibly deployed according to different task requirements, which solves the problem of resource-application coupling for the UAV avionics, and provides support for the intelligent and autonomous operation of UAV.