bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Cooperative Learning Model “Think Pair And Share" on English Learning Outcomes
Authors: Situmeang Siska Anggita , Nababan Irene Adryani , Siahaan Sanggam , Sinurat Ony Maretta , Sirait Cantika May Maria , Siahaan Kevin William Andri
Published: October 2024

Group Teaching Activities Help Promote Active Learning Classroom teaching and learning activities can aid teaching, but the ability to teach through small group collaborative activities primarily facilitates active, active teaching activities. This study aims to determine the difference between students' English learning outcomes using the Expository method and students' English learning outcomes using the Think Pair Share (TPS) collaboration model. Samples were taken as many as 50 students from 2 groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. The research method used by the author is experimental. The sample collection technique used is a simple random sample collection technique. Hopefully the purpose of this research can be useful for students, teachers, schools, and especially researchers. The data analysis technique used is at a significant level = 0.05 tcount = 2.893 and ttable = 2.0252 It can be concluded that the number of students who apply "Think Pair Share" (TPS) is more than the number of students who learn through Exposure Learning.
Pengaruh Minat Baca dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang
Authors: Wahyuni Dwi
Published: October 2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of reading interest and learning motivation on the learning achievement of class X students of SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. Sampling in this study used a saturated sampling technique or census, so the number of samples used was equal to the total population, namely 90 respondents, they were students of class X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. The data collection technique was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 90 class X students of SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. The conclusion of this study based on the results of multiple regression analysis shows that there is a positive and significant influence on reading interest and motivation together on the learning achievement of class X sma PGRI 1 Jombang students. The coefficient of determination shows that the influence of interest in reading and learning motivation on the learning achievement of class X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang students was 55.2% while the remaining 44.8% was explained by other variables that were not included in this study. Keywords: Reading interest, motivation, learning achievement  Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh minat baca dan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh atau sensus, maka jumlah sampel yang digunakan sama dengan jumlah populasi yaitu 90 responden yang seluruhnya adalah siswa kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebaran kuesioner kepada 90 orang siswa kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. Simpulan penelitian ini didasarkan hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan minat baca dan motivasi secara bersama-sama terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang. Koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh minat baca dan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas X SMA PGRI 1 Jombang sebesar 55,2% sedangkan sisanya 44,8% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian ini. Kata kunci: minat baca, motivasi, prestasi belajar
Assessment of the Possibility of Using the Trace Element Status of a Herbal Drug as an Additional Quality Criterion: Chamomile Flowers as a Case Study
Authors: Prokusheva D. L. , Kruglov D. S. , Velichko V. V.
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION. Herbal drugs can often be difficult to identify and distinguish from the analysis of complex mixtures of herbal origin, it is reasonable to use additional identification methods, including hierarchical clustering of herbal drugs by their trace element content.

AIM. This study aimed to assess the possibility of using hierarchical clustering by trace element content for complex biological matrices (plant mixtures), with officinal chamomile species as a case study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. Multiple morphologically similar species grow together with officinal chamomile species that are widely used in medical practice. The study examined the flowers and peduncles of Matricaria recutita L., Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip., Leucanthemum vulgare Lam., Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch.Bip., and Matricaria suaveolens Buchenau, as well as artificial mixtures of chamomile with adulterant species (as samples non-compliant with pharmacopoeial specifi ca - tions). The content of trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The statistical treatment of the results used Statistica 10 software with a built-in data analysis algorithm for multivariate experiments.

RESULTS. Having determined the content of 56 trace elements, the authors plotted a hierarchical cluster tree using cluster analysis methods. M. recutita and M. suaveolens were shown to be the closest to each other in terms of their trace element status, which correlated with their taxonomy. Artificial plant mixtures formed intermediate clusters that were observed between different chamomile species. Moreover, according to the criterion of dissimilarity, the trace element cluster of M. recutita significantly differed from the trace element clusters of all the adulterant species and mixtures containing more than 10% of the adulterant species.

CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrated the possibility of using hierarchical clustering based on the content of trace elements in a biological object to analyse complex systems, including plant mixtures, and identify differences that may have discriminative value for the quality control of herbal drugs.
Together We'll Win: Can the Old Barcelona Process Vision Serve as a Platform for a Contemporary Regional Alliance?
Authors: Munin Nellie
Published: October 2024

The war following the October 7th, 2024, Hamas attack on Israel is imposing a significant economic burden on Mediterranean nations involved. In the aftermath, these economies will require substantial rehabilitation. Economic stability in the Middle East is crucial for fostering peace. Achieving this may best be realized through regional cooperation, which can strengthen solidarity among neighboring countries. The European Union (EU) has a vital role to play in this process, potentially drawing inspiration from its own integration model. Additionally, the conflict may revitalize the Barcelona Process vision, initially conceived in 1995 and further developed since. Considering existing regional initiatives that emerged prior to the war, such as the Abraham Accords concluded in 2020, there is an opportunity to capitalize on the weakening influence of groups like Hamas and Hizballah. By leveraging the gradually established security coalition and utilizing the network of regional association agreements, the EU and its Mediterranean partners could formulate a constructive plan. This plan would empower regional stakeholders to rebuild the area with a contemporary framework that leverages each partner's comparative advantages and addresses mutual interests—such as advancing modern technologies, promoting clean energy, combating desertification and climate change, improving infrastructure, and strengthening the regional resilience of moderate nations. This article explores the feasibility of such an initiative from an Israeli perspective and addresses the questions and concerns that may arise during the process.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Sınav Kaygısını Etkileyen Öğrenci-Öğretmen Özelliklerinin Hiyerarşik Lineer ile İncelenmesi
Authors: Güllü Hasan , Çokluk Ömay
Published: October 2024

Bu araştırma ortaokul öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısına etki eden öğrenci ve öğretmen özelliklerini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yordayıcı korelasyonel araştırma modeline göre tasarlanan bu araştırmada üç farklı araştırma grubu bulunmaktadır. Araştırma gruplardan ilk ikisi, araştırmadaki veri toplama araçlarının (Çocuklarda Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeği, Sınav Kaygısı Ölçeği) güvenirlik ve geçerliklerine kanıt toplamak, diğer araştırma grubu ise araştırma sorularına yanıt bulabilmek için oluşturulmuştur. İlk araştırma grubunda 238 öğretmen, ikinci araştırma grubunda 247 öğrenci, üçüncü araştırma grubunda ise 30 öğretmen ve 2156 öğrenci yer almıştır. Veri setinin iki düzeyli yapıya uygun olmasından dolayı, araştırma verileri iki düzeyli Hiyerarşik Lineer Model (HLM) ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Düzey 1’e öğrenci değişkenleri, Düzey 2’ye öğretmen değişkenleri tanımlanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, ortaokul öğrencilerinin sınav kaygısındaki varyansın %51’nin öğretmenler arası farklılıktan kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin sınav kaygısı arttıkça öğrencilerin de sınav kaygısının arttığı saptanmıştır. Kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere, sınıf kademesi yüksek olan öğrencilerin sınıf kademesi düşük olan öğrencilere, not ortalaması düşük olan öğrencilerin not ortalaması yüksek olan öğrencilere kıyasla daha fazla sınav kaygısına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
"Tan rezio e fuerte amigo como enemigo": amistad en el combate épico caballeresco del cómic español
Authors: Delgado Mastral Celia Ana
Published: October 2024

En el presente artículo se explora el vínculo de amistad que surge entre dos personajes narrativos a raíz de un combate cuerpo a cuerpo a raíz del cual el personaje vencido se somete o se hace amigo del personaje vencedor. Se explora este vínculo a través de los preceptos de Cicerón y Aristóteles y, desde un punto de vista narratológico, siguiendo el análisis funcional de los donantes hostiles que se transforman en auxiliares de Vladimir Propp (1928). Estos preceptos quedan ilustrados con diversos análisis de esta ocurrencia en los cómics hispánicos El Guerrero del Antifaz (1944) y El Capitán Trueno (1956), así como sus deudas con la tradición caballeresca hispánica y sus relaciones de amistad y hermandad entre caballeros. Se confirma, asimismo, que el afecto surgido en batalla también puede darse entre hombres y mujeres gracias a numerosos ejemplos provenientes de dichos cómics y de la tradición caballeresca hispánica.
Microlearning sebagai Strategi Pembelajaran Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Siswa (SPPKB) di Era Digital
Authors: Farhan M Arif , Syah Wahyu Firman , Khobir Abdul , Mahmudah Umi
Published: October 2024

Inovasi strategi pembelajaran menjadi semakin penting, terutama dalam hal meningkatkan kapasitas kognitif siswa dalam konteks era digital. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki bagaimana microlearning mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dan bagaimana microlearning dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan keterlibatan siswa dalam lingkungan pembelajaran online. Data diperoleh melalui tinjauan menyeluruh terhadap buku, artikel jurnal, catatan, dan laporan terkait dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif pada proses tinjauan literatur. Menurut hasil penelitian, dalam lingkungan pembelajaran digital, microlearning memfasilitasi kegiatan belajar mandiri berbasis kelompok yang sederhana yang dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan keterlibatan siswa. Sumber daya pembelajaran digital dapat dengan mudah diakses dan digunakan oleh guru dengan memanfaatkan sesi tanya jawab interaktif, presentasi, dan percakapan untuk menerapkan pembelajaran mikro secara efektif. Microlearning adalah pengganti yang berguna yang dapat digunakan kapan saja, di mana saja untuk mendukung pembelajaran mandiri, yang menjadikannya alat pengajaran yang berguna.
Pengaruh Media Counting Box untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berhitung Anak Tunagrahita Ringan
Authors: Wardana Adila Suci , Setianingsih Dwi
Published: October 2024

Setiap anak mendapatkan hak yang sama untuk mengakses pendidikan, termasuk anak-anak disabilitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media Counting Box untuk Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen dengan jenis Pre-Experimental Desaian dengan bentuk One Group Pre-test dan Post-test desain. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu sampel total dengan menggunakan populasi dari kelas III SLB Negeri Pembina Yogyakarta. Pengambilan Keputusan ini juga dapat dilihat ini juga dapat dilihat dari nilai Asymp.sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,027 yang berarti nilai lebih kecil dari < 0,05, maka H1 diterima H0 ditolak. Dari pengambilan keputusan diatas maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa ada perbedaan antara nilai pre-test dan post-test. serhingga hal tersebut menunjukan adanya perbedaan kemampuan berhitung pada anak tunagrahita dari hasil nilai pre-test dan post-test sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh media counting box untuk merningkatkan kermampuran berhitung anak tunagrahita ringan kelas III SLB Negeri Pembina Yogyakarta. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh media counting box terhadap kemampuan berhitung anak tunagrahita ringan kelas III SLB Negeri Pembina Yogyakarta derngan menunjukan adanya peningkatan nilai pe-test ke nilai post-test
Unknown Fragment of a 12th-century Parakletike
Authors:   National Library of Russia, Levshina Zhanna
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of a fragment of the 12th century Parakletike from the State Archive of the Arkhangelsk Region (Inv. 59 m.c. (581)). Paleographic and codicological analysis revealed that the fragment is part of the same codex as one leaf from the collection of the Russian State Library (Muz. 11074). The article is accompanied by the publication of the texts contained in both manuscripts.
Voice Assistants Response Strategies to Sexual Harassment
Authors: Leisten Luca M.
Published: October 2024

Current voice assistants are predominantly modeled as female and often respond positively to sexual harassment, which according to UNESCO has the potential to reinforce negative gender biases and stereotypes. In the following study, we evaluated alternative responses to sexual harassment and their relation to the assistants’ gender. In an online study,77 participants rated the appropriateness of theassistants’ responses to sexual harassment while thegender of the artificial voice was manipulated and compared the ratings to appropriateness scores collected with no voice-based gender information present, i.e. text-only. Results showed an interaction between gender and the response category. We found that the perceivedappropriateness changed when spoken by a male voice, in accordance to previous no-voice ratings. However, we observed no clear difference in appropriateness levels when spoken by a female voice. We assume that this relationship is due to conflicting stereotypical expectations regarding women’s responses to sexual harassment where neither response is considered appropriate.
Experiments of A Diagnostic Framework for Addressee Recognition and Response Selection in Ideologically Diverse Conversations with Large Language Models
Authors: Segod David , Alvarez Ricardo , McAllister Patrick , Peterson Michael
Published: October 2024

The increasing deployment of conversational AI systems in real-world applications has brought significant attention to the challenges posed by ideological biases embedded in their outputs. The concept of a "multi-ideology hangover" addresses how conflicting ideological influences in training data persist and impact the relevance and neutrality of responses during dialogue generation. This research presents a diagnostic framework for evaluating the effects of ideological bias on addressee recognition and response selection in LLMs, using a combination of coreference resolution, topic modeling, and contextual embeddings. Through experiments involving ideologically diverse conversations, the results reveal that LLMs exhibit inconsistent behavior in ideologically charged contexts, leading to potential bias amplification and reduced accuracy in addressee recognition. The findings demonstrate the limitations of current automated evaluation techniques, demonstrating the need for more advanced bias mitigation strategies and robust evaluation methods to ensure neutrality in conversational AI systems. The study provides key insights into the underlying difficulties faced by LLMs in handling ideologically conflicting dialogues, offering a foundation for improving future conversational systems in politically and culturally sensitive environments.
Linton Stereo Illusion: Response on Johnston (1991)
Authors: Linton Paul
Published: October 2024

In (Linton, 2024) I present a new illusion (the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’) that challenges our understanding of stereo vision. A vision scientist has shared their own analysis of the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’ (titled: ‘There is no challenge to our understanding of stereo vision: Response to Linton and Kriegeskorte (ECVP 2024 and ArXiv:2408.00770)’) claiming that the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’ is fully explained by Johnston (1991). I regard Johnston (1991) as one of the most important stereo vision papers in our young (< 200-year-old) field, and so this challenge requires a response. In this paper I explain why Johnston (1991) cannot explain the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’. Indeed, Johnston (1991) makes predictions that are the exact opposite of those observed in the ‘Linton Stereo Illusion’. I also highlight a key concern with Johnston (1991)’s account that has so far been overlooked. Johnston (1991)’s account predicts that vergence eye movements will cause massive stereo distortions, leading to a world of unstable stereo perception. But this simply does not reflect our visual experience.
International Initiatives to Enhance Awareness and Uptake of Open Research in Psychology: A Systematic Narrative Review
Authors: Skubera Magda , Korbmacher Max , Evans Thomas Rhys , Azevedo Flavio , Pennington Charlotte Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Background: Concerns about the replicability, reproducibility, and transparency of research have ushered in a set of practices and behaviours under the umbrella of ‘open research’. To this end, many new initiatives have been developed that represent procedural (i.e., behaviours and sets of commonly used practices in the research process), structural (new norms, rules, infrastructure, and incentives), and community-based change (working groups, networks). Objectives: To outline international initiatives that enhance awareness and uptake of open research practices in the discipline of psychology. Methods: A systematic, narrative review was conducted in three stages: (1) a web search to identify open research initiatives in psychology; (2) a literature search to identify supporting publications; and (3) a hand search of grey literature. Eligible initiatives were coded into a narrative theme of procedural, structural, or community-based change. Results: A total of 187 initiatives were identified; 30 were procedural (e.g., toolkits, resources, software), 70 structural (e.g., policies, strategies, frameworks), and 87 community-based (e.g., working groups, networks). Discussion: Open research is progressing at pace through various initiatives that share a common goal to reform research culture. We hope that this review promotes their further adoption and facilitates coordinated efforts between individuals, organisations, institutions, publishers, and funders.
The Skilled Student: Linking Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Skills to Engagement and Student Outcomes in Secondary School Students
Authors: Pellegrino Gerardo , Carretti Barbara , Napolitano Christopher , Soto Christopher J. , Menenghetti Chiara , Feraco Tommaso
Published: October 2024

Social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) skills are malleable competencies that can be developed through life experiences. The recent SEB skills framework (Soto et al., 2021) identifies five skills domains (self-management, innovation, social engagement, cooperation, and emotional resilience) associated with students’ achievement and well-being. However, the mechanisms by which SEB skills support students at school remain unclear. In the present research, we integrate research on SEB skills and student engagement, hypothesizing that SEB skills can be considered as individual antecedents of student engagement, a multidimensional construct encompassing four dimensions (affective, behavioral, cognitive, and agentic). A sample of 1642 high school students (Mage = 15.68; SDage = 1.47; 913 girls) completed measures assessing SEB skills, student engagement, and student outcomes (achievement, school satisfaction, life satisfaction, and school burnout). The results of a path analysis confirmed that self-management and social engagement skills domains are significantly associated with student outcomes, through the mediation of global student engagement. Further specific patterns of associations between the five SEB skills domains and the four dimensions of student engagement were also found. Our study emphasizes the value of integrating research on individual factors associated with student success and well-being into broader theoretical frameworks. This approach can enhance our understanding of how to support students throughout their educational journey.
Does Ad Hoc Language Training Improve the Economic Integration of Refugees? Evidence from Germany's Response to the Syrian Refugee Crisis
Authors: Marbach Moritz , Vallizadeh Ehsan , Harder Niklas , Hangartner Dominik , Hainmueller Jens
Published: October 2024

Given the global displacement crisis, the integration of refugees has emerged as a critical policy issue for many host countries. A key challenge involves supporting refugees in learning the language of their host country. While several European nations have instituted publicly funded language training for asylum seekers and refugees soon after their arrival, evidence on the efficacy of these early language programs in promoting economic integration remains limited. This study examines the impact of a pioneering, large-scale ad hoc program introduced by German policymakers, which provided basic language training to over 230,000 refugees arriving in 2015-16. Utilizing register data on the population of asylum seekers and exploiting a cutoff date in program eligibility, we assess the program's effectiveness using a regression discontinuity design. Our findings reveal no discernible effect on refugee employment over the subsequent two years. To explore whether language programs are generally ineffective during refugee crises, we contrast these results with the impacts of a more comprehensive, preexisting, yet smaller-scale program. Using a variety of difference-in-differences estimators, we find that this program considerably increased refugee employment. These contrasting findings offer important insights for policymakers on designing effective language training programs for refugees.
How Does the Opioid Crisis Impact the Treatment of Patients with Pain Management Needs? Questions for Future Research.
Authors: Steele David F. , Silva Sharon
Published: October 2024

While the opioid crisis is of concern, are the pain management needs of some patients going unmet? Based on our experiences as health advocates for a patient experiencing pain, the attempts made to address their pain, and the barriers encountered, we submit questions for future research. The first question is how can a patient’s pain be adequately treated given the hesitation of doctors to prescribe pain medication due to the opioid crisis? The second question asks if a nurse should be able to deny a patient pain medication prescribed by a doctor? The third question considers if clear communication between the patient, family, nurses, and doctors is really sought or do some actors find the deniability provided by communication barriers advantageous? Context is provided as to how these questions were formulated.
Youth Philanthropy: Studying Outcomes of Community Engagement
Authors: Herzog Patricia Snell
Published: October 2024

This report shares results from a study of youth philanthropy programs designed to increase community engagement. The study is designed to answer this research question: Does participating in a youth philanthropy program foster positive outcomes for young people? Data are from a youth philanthropy program hosted within 12 community organizations in 7 US states. The program is two years in duration: youth participate as juniors and seniors in high school. Data were collected through surveys with graduating youth who had completed both years of the program (n=180). Findings indicate that the program “works” in fostering engagement in philanthropic activities, gaining prosocial orientations, and having rewarding program experiences. When available, youth outcomes from program participants are compared to national or global data on comparable measures to assess whether youth in this program appear to be participating in philanthropic activities at rates greater than average. Results show that youth participants are high on philanthropic activities and prosocial orientations, and their rates are 30-50% higher than comparable rates. Additionally, youth demonstrate positive growth in targeted philanthropic learning and skills, and youth participants gain a greater network of engaged peers and supportive mentors. The implication is that this youth philanthropy program is successful in fostering positive youth development.
The Apprentice Instructor Model: An Integrated Approach to Course Coordination and Professional Development
Authors: Kostiuk Jordan
Published: October 2024

Course coordinators are well-positioned to effect change in high-enrollment intro- ductory STEM courses because of their influence over both the educational and professional de- velopment experiences of their students and instructor team members respectively. This article introduces the Apprentice Instruction Model as a specific model for course coordination that inte- grates two common orientations to the role of course coordinator (namely, resource-management and humanistic-growth) and amplifies their potential to act as providers of professional develop- ment to the members of their teaching team. After describing the model conceptually, the author shares their experience in using it to implement Team-Based Inquiry Learning in a multi-section Linear Algebra course with a teaching team of graduate students and postdocs, highlighting critical moments in their mentorship of Apprentice Instructors. This experience illustrates the potential for the Apprentice Instructor Model to scale active learning pedagogies to high enrollment courses while simultaneously providing novice instructors critical experience in using active learning early in their teaching.
Atypical Odontalgia or Phantom Tooth Pain: Current Evidences for Better Understanding, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Acharya N , Acharya S , Poudel D , Karmacharya A , Abiko Y
Published: October 2024

The phantom tooth pain or Atypical Odontalgia (AO) is a persistent orofacial pain disorder affecting teeth or tooth sockets after dental treatments like root canal therapy or extractions even when there is no any identifiable cause on clinical or radiographic examination. These conditions are thought to be associated with neuropathic, vascular or psychiatric disorders along with comorbid factors like temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome, burning mouth syndrome, various types of headaches etc. Peripheral and central sensitization has been considered as a possible pathophysiology of such conditions in denervated teeth and extraction sites. The pain usually radiates from the differentiation sites to the adjacent structures. These conditions usually get undiagnosed and in most of the scenario, dentists only consider a diagnosis only after failure of multiple invasive treatments and worsening of the symptoms. Although, it is very crucial to establish a diagnostic criteria and treatment regimen for AO, still evidences are confusing and lots of clinicians are still unaware of the condition. Hence, this article reviews on AO, its terminologies, prevalence, chief complain, clinical features, pathophysiology, comorbidities, diagnostic work out, and pharmacological treatment modalities with the aim of describing the clinical characteristics, possible cause and treatment modalities. This will definitely aid in an accurate diagnosis of the conditions, before treatments are initiated to avoid overtreatments in such conditions.
Teachers' Perspectives on Teaching Listening Skills in Secondary Level English Language Classes
Authors: Panthee Dinesh
Published: October 2024

Language proficiency involves mastering four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Listening is one of the most essential and intimate skills in teaching and learning English. The purpose of the study was to explore ELT teachers' perspectives of secondary-level English language teachers on teaching listening skills. The study tried to explore the provisions and practices of teaching English listening skills in the secondary school curriculum in Nepal. It was basic qualitative research that used in-depth interviews and document study methods to collect the data. The participants of the study were three secondary-level ELT teachers from three schools in Sainamaina Municipality. Thematic discursive analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The finding of this study revealed that proficient listening contributes to the development of positive relationships, encourages confidence, facilitates meaningful communication, and improves problem-solving skills. Non-techno-friendly classrooms, untrained teachers, and the predominant use of the mother tongue were major challenges in teaching English in community schools in Nepal. The study focused on the need to improve the technological infrastructure in schools. This could involve integrating audio-visual aids and other technology-enhanced learning tools to facilitate better listening practices.
English Reading Strategies Used by Secondary-Level Students
Authors: Kandel Uma
Published: October 2024

This paper presents an analysis of students' strategies for reading English texts. The narrative inquiry research design was used to study four secondary-level students' experiences of different reading strategies of English texts. The findings show that the students use different cognitive and metacognitive strategies to understand the texts according to their level of reading engagement. They monitor their plans and evaluate their understanding while reading. This study found that reading silently and reading aloud, using previous knowledge while reading new texts, rereading and summarizing the texts, and solving problems are the main strategies used in reading English texts. This study reports that engaged readers use diverse strategies; however, struggling readers use limited strategies. The use of multiple strategies in the reading of English texts helps students better for their achievements and engagement in reading. The study shows that teacher support is important in using strategies because teachers can help students in selecting appropriate reading strategies. This study will be important for English language learners, teachers, educators, researchers, and motivators for future student-centered pedagogical approaches to transform teaching and learning experiences into EFL classrooms.
Exploring the Impact of ChatGPT in English Language Teaching-Learning Pedagogy
Authors: Aryal Muna
Published: October 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT into English Language Teaching-Learning (ELTL) pedagogy represents a significant shift in education, promising personalized learning experiences and improved teaching methodologies. However, despite the growing importance of AI in education, there has been limited research on understanding the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers in effectively integrating AI tools like ChatGPT into their teaching practices. This study seeks to address this gap by examining the impact of ChatGPT on ELTL practices, focusing on the experiences of five English teachers. Using a qualitative research design, the study employed a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, allowing in-depth exploration of teachers’ perceptions and experiences. Thematic analysis was used to examine the data. The results show that there are essential pedagogical and technological obstacles, including interface problems, connectivity issues, and the requirement for connection with curriculum objectives. Despite these challenges, the study presents fresh concepts and demonstrates how ChatGPT might improve language learning outcomes. The study highlights how crucial it is for teachers to get continuous support and assistance to fully utilize AI technology in language learning. The study suggests that to assist teachers in overcoming the difficulties related to ChatGPT integration, educational institutions should provide extensive training programs, online resources, and opportunities for peer collaboration. Therefore, further research is encouraged to deepen our understanding of ChatGPT’s integration into ELTL pedagogy and to empower teachers to navigate the evolving landscape of education technology effectively.
Factors Affecting the Timely Construction of National Pride Projects of Nepal: A Case Study Of KTFT Road Project
Authors: Dhakal Ashok , Pathak Sapana
Published: October 2024

This article provides an insight of the factors that could cause delay in the timely construction of road projects in Nepal pivoting to the Nepal’s first expressway: Kathmandu-Terai/Madhesh Fast Track Road Project. The major factors considered for the study are: geographic and environmental factors, regulatory and legal factors, socioeconomic factors, technology and innovation, finance and funding factor, political and security factor. From this research survey it is concluded that the Regulatory and Legal factors is found to be the most significant factors influencing the timely construction of the road projects in Nepal including KTFT and the least importance from the survey is determined to be the geological and environmental factor. Hence, it is recommended to focus on the Legal and Regulatory part for the concerned stakeholders in order to succeed in this type of Mega Projects in Nepal.
Construction of Mahadevtar Tunnel and Challenges Faced During its Stabilization
Authors: Adhikari Pramod Krishna , Adhikari Pragati , Bo Zhang , Ping Chen
Published: October 2024

The Madadevtar tunnel, constructed by China State Construction Engineering Corp. Ltd. as the main contractor for Package 1, is situated in a lithology comprising rock from the Upper Nawakot and Bhimphedi Group. These rock successions are separated by the Mahabharat Thrust. The excavation method employed is the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM), resulting in two fully lined tubes. During design and construction, variations in rock composition were encountered. Similarly, the expected support types for detailed design and construction also exhibited some diversity. Challenges during construction included weathered and jointed rock masses, fault and shear zones, and groundwater inflow. Overbreak and collapses occurred due to weak rock and joint conditions. Addressing these issues involved installing additional ribs, rock bolts, grouting, and replacing sections in some parts of left and right tunnels.
The Role of Financial Technology in Croatia’s Tourism Sector
Authors: Prevolšek Maja-Marija , Tkalčević Anja , Sušić Gordi
Published: October 2024

This study explores the role of financial technologies in the Croa­tian tourism sector, highlighting their impact on operational efficiency, tour­ist experience, sustainability and competitiveness. To shed more light on the role of FinTech, motives for its adoption, advantages and potential challenges, authors constructed and conducted a survey that was distributed to relevant tourism industry participants in Croatia. Survey-obtained data was then used to compare the results of focus participants in light of the conducted literature review. Results of a survey point to a correlation between the size of the tour­ism companies and the level of familiarity with the concept of smart tourism and the implementation of innovative solutions. Highly categorized facilities often show a greater tendency to adopt frontier technological options to meet the high expectations of their guests. The results also show that the majority of participants are planning or considering further expansions or investing in Fin­Tech solutions to remain competitive. In addition to own development and the need for continuous education, overall governmental medium-term develop­ment strategy and proper guidance are also recognized as preconditions for the industry’s sustainable future growth.
Adventure Tourism Experience – A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zubović Vedran
Published: October 2024

The adventure tourism experience is a growing area of scholars’ research. This conceptual article thoroughly examines the fundamental con­cepts involved in the definition of Adventure Tourism, highlighting SERVQUAL dimensions (reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness) which can be applied to measure service quality in the adventure tourism ex­perience. Publications from the Scopus and WoS databases, through the com­bination of complementary approaches of literature review and content anal­ysis, revealed that Quality of Experience, Customer Satisfaction, Likelihood to Recommend and Intention to Revisit are theoretical dimensions that classi­fy adventure tourism service quality through attributes of Physiological and Psychological Experience, Safety Management, Equipment Quality and Staff Competence.
Strategic Orientation of Croatian Island Local Governments from the Aspect of Sustainability and Their Practical Application
Authors: Vuković Dijana , Jurič Boris , Hunjet Anica
Published: October 2024

Public institutions today, starting from smaller levels up to district and ministry levels, are focused on sustainability based on leadership, consid­ering that sustainability contributes to improving the quality of life, health, and well-being of the community. Nevertheless, this is frequently merely a declarative orientation that is not put into practice. For what reason will we be researching the islands? for many reasons. The islands serve as ideal test sites for sustainability in three ways: first, because of their geographic and economic constraints; second, because biodiversity preservation is impera­tive; and third, because of the social dimension of sustainability, which is as­sociated with the unique lifestyle of the Adriatic island population. This paper aims to investigate, i.e., compare the number of strategic documents that ex­ist or are in the stage of practical application among local self-governing units on Croatian islands, based on sustainability criteria.
THE URBAN MODERNIZATION OF THE CITY OF ALGIERS, WHAT TOOLS?
Authors: Naziha Laouissi
Published: October 2024

Being the result of a state voluntarism, traditional planning, which has for a long time forged urban development in Algeria, has proved to be an ineffective tool. Lacking the major urban strategies capable of creating considerable endogenous development, it has generated human settlements with landscapes of lesser urban quality, if not unpleasant. Its failure and obsolescence have led to the adoption of new urban planning practices, in this case: the project approach. With the advent of globalisation, major urban projects or major structural and emblematic projects have met with a favourable response in other parts of the world, making cities more attractive and more competitive.  This problem made us, in the present work, target the city of Algiers as a case study in order to identify the urban planning instruments adopted and the measures taken, in particular, the modifications made to the P.D.A.U.1 for the upgrading of the capital. The aim of this work is to improve the tools of urban production of this case.
A EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS COMO FERRAMENTA DE TRANSFORMAÇÃO
Authors: Urbano Tânia Maria , Miranda Rosalva
Published: October 2024

Este artigo explora a importância da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), com foco em duas modalidades específicas: a EJA prisional e o EJAtec (educação a distância). A EJA prisional desempenha um papel fundamental na reabilitação e reinserção social de pessoas privadas de liberdade, proporcionando-lhes a oportunidade de adquirir conhecimento e habilidades que ampliam suas chances de reintegração ao mercado de trabalho e à sociedade. A educação, nesse contexto, vai além do ensino formal, atuando como uma ferramenta de resgate da autoestima, cidadania e inclusão, com o potencial de reduzir a reincidência criminal. Por outro lado, o EJAtec destaca-se por oferecer flexibilidade e acessibilidade, especialmente para mulheres que enfrentam obstáculos familiares e sociais que dificultam o acesso à educação presencial. Ao permitir que essas mulheres estudem em casa, o EJAtec contribui para o rompimento de barreiras que impedem o desenvolvimento educacional e profissional, promovendo a autonomia e o empoderamento feminino. Através da modalidade a distância, essas mulheres podem adquirir habilidades essenciais para o mercado de trabalho, além de resgatar sua autoestima e exercer maior controle sobre suas vidas e decisões. O artigo conclui que tanto a EJA prisional quanto o EJAtec são instrumentos eficazes de inclusão social e transformação, oferecendo uma segunda oportunidade de educação para indivíduos que foram excluídos do sistema educacional tradicional. Essas modalidades são essenciais para a construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária, onde a educação funciona como um meio de emancipação e reabilitação pessoal e profissional.
Magnetic properties of exchange-coupled permanent magnets based on barium hexaferrite and cobalt ferrite nanocomposites
Authors: Yoon Sang-il , Kim Hyunseung , Choi Jihun , Jeong Chang Kyu
Published: October 2024

The strategy of blending hard and soft magnetic materials to synthesize nanocomposites offers new possibilities for magnetic materials. We focus on synthesizing and optimizing BaFe12O19-CoFe2O4 nanocomposites using a co-precipitation method to enhance the magnetic properties through exchange coupling. The synthesis conditions including pH, annealing temperature, and blending ratio were systematically investigated. The precursor synthesized at pH 13 produced uniform precipitates, and upon annealing at 1000 °C, barium hexaferrite (BH) and cobalt ferrite (CF) with hexagonal and spinel structure were each formed. The nanocomposite with a blending ratio of 0.75BH-0.25CF exhibited enhanced saturation magnetization and the highest remanent magnetization compared to the individual components. The crystal structure, morphology, and magnetic properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry.
Laying the Foundations of Legitimacy
Authors: Wechsler Shoham
Published: October 2024

The relationship between President Yitzhak Ben-Zvi and the Herut movement is at the core of this article. Tracking their relationship and dividing it into three periods, under the historiography of the Herut Movement, presents the development of their relationship and its contribution to Herut's legitimation. The article presents the legitimation processes of the Herut movement through a broader description of the concept of political legitimacy. By exploring the president's attitude toward Herut, the article presents how they gained political and public legitimacy. In this way, the study expands the literature both on Herut's legitimization processes and on the role of the president in Israel.
Applications of Green Solvents for the Development of Sustainable Chemical Process
Authors: Mondal Aniruddha , Kundu Amit Kumar , Mandal Prasenjit
Published: October 2024

he advancement and utilization of green solvents and reaction media. Conventional solvents and reaction conditions frequently present environmental and health risks, underscoring the necessity for alternative, environmentally friendly solutions. Green solvents, distinguished by their low toxicity, renewable origins, and minimal environmental footprint, present promising avenues to tackle these issues. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of green solvents, encompassing their classification, properties, and applications across various chemical processes. Additionally, the significance of designing sustainable reaction media and their role in augmenting the efficiency and environmental sustainability of chemical reactions are deliberated upon. By embracing green solvents and reaction media, the chemical industry can transition towards more sustainable practices, thereby contributing to the realization of a greener future. This review highlights the critical importance of transitioning towards sustainable chemical practices by leveraging green solvents and reaction media, emphasizing their potential to mitigate environmental and health hazards associated with conventional approaches. Through comprehensive coverage of their classification, properties, and applications, the abstract underscores the multifaceted benefits of adopting green solvents and the pivotal role they play in advancing sustainability within the chemical industry.
Compositon of Cracking Products of Resins and Asphaltenes and their Mixture in Case of Methane Crude Oil
Authors: Pevneva G. S. , Voronetskaya N. G. , Goncharov A. V. , Korneev D. S.
Published: October 2024

The influence of the duration of thermal action on the composition of cracking products of resins, asphaltenes and their mixture, isolated from methane heavy crude oil of Zyuzeevskoye oil field was studied. Cracking was performed in a closed reactor at 450°С for 60, 90 and 120 min. Data on the mass balance of the process, composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds in the cracking products were obtained. It was shown that the yields of coke increased with the process duration in the cracking of every studied material. The joint presence of resins and asphaltenes in a mixture changed the direction of thermal transformations of these components in the cracking process.
Effect of Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Carbon-Containing Cryogels
Authors: Fufaeva M. S. , Manzhay V. N.
Published: October 2024

Samples of cryogels based on aqueous solutions of polyvinyl alcohol were investigated. The molecular weights of cryogel samples varied from 25 × 103 to 60 × 103. It has been found out that the ultimate strength of dry briquettes increases from 1.2 to 3.7 MPa with an increase in the polymer molecular weight. The resulted briquettes can be used, for example, as a proper domestic or industrial fuel.