bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miR-450a-5p eliminats MGO-induced insulin resistance via targeting CREB
Authors: Wei Cuifeng , Meng Li , Zhang Yuting
Published: July 2019

Background

miR-450a-5p was involved in fat formation, but its role in insulin resistance remains unclear. This study further investigated the effects of miR-450a-5p in endothelial cells, with the aim of finding a potential target for diabetes mellitus.

Methods

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were severally treated with low-glucose, high-glucose, methylglyoxal (MGO), and insulin only or plus MGO. miR-450a-5p was up-regulated or down-regulated in treated HUVECs. miR-450a-5p expression in cells was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. The cell activity was determined through MTT experiments. Transwell assay and oil red O staining were used for the detection of cell invasion and fat formation. The expressions of eNOS/AKT pathway-related proteins in cells were assessed by Western blot (WB) analysis. Furthermore, the target gene of miR-450a-5p was analyzed by double-luciferase reporter analysis, and its influence in eNOS/AKT pathway was estimated.

Results

miR-450a-5p decreased obviously in endothelial cells with high-glucose and MGO. Through in vitro cell experiments, we knew that MGO could not only intensify the activity of endothelial cells, but also accelerate cell invasion and fat accumulation, which could be reversed by up-regulated miR-450a-5p. Moreover, MGO inhibited eNOS/AKT pathway activation and NO release mediated by insulin, which were eliminated by up-regulated miR-450a-5p. Furthermore, CREB was the target gene of miR-450a-5p that had an activation effect on the eNOS/AKT pathway.

Conclusions

Up-regulated miR-450a-5p eliminated MGO-induced insulin resistance via targeting CREB, which might be a potential target to improve insulin resistance and benefit patients with related diseases.
Association distribution characteristics of natural and artificial Larix gmelinii forests along environmental gradients in northeast China
Authors: Bai Xiaohang , Yu Jinghua , Yuan Shusheng , Tan Yihong
Published: July 2019

Background: Larix gmelinii forest is one of coniferous forests in cold-temperate zone, which is a vital part of national strategic landscape of ecological security of China. Plant association distribution is different in natural and artificial Larix gmelinii forests, meanwhile, determining mechanisms in typical associations of Larix gmelinii forests still need to be explored. The study focused on which environmental factors actuated association distribution of natural and artificial Larix gmelinii forests in northeast China. Two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used to classify plant associations and explored the relationship between species and environment.
Results: All the plots (n=175, size=30 m×30 m) of Larix gmelinii forests were classified into 6 plant associations by TWINSPAN. Species diversity in natural forests were higher than that in artificial forests. Ass.III and Ass.IV only appeared in natural forests, meanwhile, Ass.VI only appeared in artificial forests. The primary environmental drivers of species diversity patterns in natural forests were annual mean temperature, followed by annual precipitation, elevation, slope aspect, and canopy density. However, elevation and annual precipitation had strong effects in determining association distribution in artificial forests.
Conclusions: Plant association distribution showed habitat preferences, besides, natural forests had higher species diversity and more resistance than artificial forests. The study can be used as a reference for Larix gmelinii forest ecosystem protection in northeast China and a theoretical basis for scientific management in similar areas.
Fibrin-Associated Large B-Cell Lymphoma: First Report Within A Cerebral Artery Aneurysm And Literature Review
Authors: Zanelli Magda , Zizzo Maurizio , Montanaro Marco , Gomes Vito , Martino Giovanni , De Marco Loredana , Orcioni Giulio Fraternali , Martelli Maria Paola , Ascani Stefano
Published: July 2019

Background: Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FA-DLBCL) is a rare Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive lymphoproliferative disorder included in the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification. It arises within fibrinous material in the context of hematomas, pseudocysts, cardiac myxoma or in relation with prosthetic devices. In these clinical settings the diagnosis requires an high index of suspicion, because it does not form a mass itself, being composed of small foci of neoplastic cells. Despite overlapping features with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation, it deserves a separate classification, being not mass-forming and often following an indolent course.
Case presentation: A 64-year-old immunocompetent woman required medical care for cerebral hemorrhage. Computed Tomography (CT) angiography identified an aneurysm in the left middle cerebral artery. A FA-DLBCL was incidentally identified within thrombotic material in the context of the arterial aneurysm. After surgical removal, it followed a benign course with no further treatment.
Conclusions: The current case represents the first report of FA-DLBCL identified in a cerebral artery aneurysm, expanding the clinicopathologic spectrum of this rare entity. A complete literature review is additionally made.
Impact of the comprehensive geriatric assessment on treatment decision in geriatric oncology
Authors: Sourdet Sandrine , Brechemier Delphine , Steinmeyer Zara , Gerard Stephane , Balardy Laurent
Published: July 2019

Background

The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is the gold standard in geriatric oncology to identify patients at high risk of adverse outcomes and optimize cancer and overall management. Many studies have demonstrated that CGA could modify oncologic treatment decision. However, there is little knowledge on which domains of the CGA are associated with this change. Moreover, the impact of frailty and physical performances on cancer treatment changes have been rarely assessed.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of older patients with solid or hematologic cancer referred by oncologists for a geriatric evaluation before cancer treatment. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed by a multidisciplinary team to decide if the initial cancer treatment plan was appropriate or not. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify CGA domains associated with the risk to judge the treatment inappropriate.

Results

418 patients, mean age 82.8 ± 5.5, were included between 2011 and 2015. The initial cancer treatment plan was judged inappropriate in 56 patients (14.6%). In multivariate analysis, the treatment was judged inappropriate in patients with cognitive impairment (p=0.006), malnutrition (p=0.011), and low physical performances according to the Short Physical Performance Battery (p=0.001).

Conclusion

Cognition, malnutrition and low physical performances significantly affects cancer treatment decision in older adults with cancer. More studies are needed to evaluate their association with survival, treatment toxicity and quality of life. The role of physical performances should be specifically explored.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has predictive value for lymph node involvement and distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Authors: Xingming Ye , Lu Tianzhu , Bai Wendong , Jia Jing , Wang Lin , Zong Jingfeng , Chen Ying
Published: July 2019

Background

Systemic inflammatory responses play important roles in the development and progression of cancer, including the propensity for metastasis. High neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are associated with poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, we investigated the associations between a range of hematological parameters and T, N, and M stage in patients with NPC.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of 834 patients treated at our hospital for NPC between November 2011 and December 2012. A control group consisted of 647 healthy volunteers. Associations between disease stage and pretreatment laboratory data including absolute white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts; red cell distribution width (RDW); PLR, and NLR were analyzed using the Kruskal−Wallis test. Associations with patient survival were analyzed using the Kaplan−Meier method and log-rank test. The relationship between tumor expression of vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and circulating neutrophil counts was also evaluated in a subset of patients.

Results

NLR, PLR, RDW, total WBCs, neutrophils, and platelets were elevated, lymphocyte counts were lower, and hemoglobin was unchanged in NPC patients compared with healthy control subjects. NLR, PLR, and RDW were significantly associated with increasing N stage (P<0.0001, P=0.0024, P<0.0001, respectively), and NLR, WBCs, and neutrophils were significantly associated with increasing M stage (P=0.0034, P=0.0157, P=0.0064, respectively). Absolute neutrophil counts correlated positively with tumor VEGF expression (P=0.0377). An NLR of ≥2.26 was associated with a better 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rate compared with <2.26 (89.4% vs 85.0%, P = 0.034).

Conclusions

NLR is significantly associated with local and distant metastasis in NPC patients, and absolute neutrophil count is significantly related to tumor VEGF expression, suggesting that these parameters may be useful predictive biomarkers for NPC.
Do prostatectomy suitable for localized prostate cancer patient: evidence from meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Xiaojin , Yi Meilian , Hu Qun , Yin Weihua
Published: July 2019

Objective:To evaluate the role of prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer patient. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, and Web of Science through March 22, 2019 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines to identify studies reporting on prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer patient. Results: Of a total of 1827 studies, 6 were considered for evidence synthesis. A total of 4476 patients in 4 studies were included for survival analysis, 2,779 patients received prostatectomy and 1,697 patients were received no treatment but regularly followed up. Two other studies were included for adverse effects analysis. Prostatectomy displayed a significantly decreased risk of death of 35% compared with observation (OR=0.65, 95%CI 0.53-0.81, P<0.0001). Pooled data indicated prostatectomy reduced 55% risk of disease progression (OR=0.45, 95% CI 0.34-0.60, P<0.00001). Anxiety, depressed mode, wellbeing, and sense of meaningfulness for patients were no difference between prostatectomy and observation group. However, prostatectomy increased 2.77 folds risk of erection dysfunction (OR=2.77, 95% CI, 1.60–4.81, P=0.0003 Conclusion: Prostatectomy prolonged survival and deferred disease progression compared to observation for localized prostate cancer patients. Symptoms between two groups were not significant difference except for erection function. Patients should decide prostatectomy or not after balancing the survival benefit and erection dysfunction.
A method for obtaining flexible broccoli varieties for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Ciancaleoni Simona , Negri Valeria
Published: July 2019

Background

The use of high inputs in agriculture has resulted in few varieties (hybrids and pure lines) used in all agricultural systems. Also varieties of vegetables, including broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.), for organic and low-input agriculture, are almost exclusively hybrids, due to lack of specific breeding programs and varieties for sustainable agriculture.

A strategy to overcome this issue is the adoption of specific breeding programs for developing heterogeneous varieties (i.e. synthetics, open pollinated varieties, composite cross populations and mixtures). The heterogeneous varieties, in fact, are able to evolve and adapt to specific agro-climatic conditions.

Aim of this study was to develop a method (an Evolutionary Breeding Program, EBP) for obtaining heterogeneous varieties and test its efficiency in giving rise to highly diverse varieties, as needed in sustainable agriculture.

A synthetic variety originated from a landrace was multiplied in different environments for 3 cycles and morpho-phenological and genetic diversity of the derived populations was assessed.

Results

The resulted presented are the first and unique indication about the efficiency of a short-time EBP for an allogamous species like broccoli.

Few morphological changes were observed among varieties multiplied in different environments with different agro-climatic conditions. This could be probably due to the initial genetic diversity of the landrace from which the populations were selected and to the great plasticity of the crop. However, SSR data highlighted a genetic differentiation among populations multiplied for two/three years across Europe and in Central Italy, that was not so evident with morphological data.

Conclusions

Few years of multiplication in different environments resulted in genetically differentiated broccoli populations that none the less preserved the original genetic diversity and productivity level and appear to evolve in relationship to different environments: the applied EBP is useful for developing heterogeneous materials for sustainable agriculture.
Puccinia triticina pathotypes-THTT and THTS display complex transcript profiles on Thatcher
Authors: Wei jie , Du dongdong , Zhang na , Meng qingfang , Yan hongfei , Yang wenxiang , Liu daqun
Published: July 2019

Background: Wheat leaf rust is an important disease worldwide. Understanding the Puccinia triticina (Pt) pathogenic molecular mechanism and inconstant toxic region are highly important for managing the disease. The present study aimed to analyze pathogenic divergences between Pt isolates.
Results: Total RNA was extracted from Thatcher infected by two Pt isolates, Tc361_1 (THTT) and Tc284_2 (THTS) at 144 hours post inoculation (hpi). The mRNA then was harvested and sequenced. Results indicated that a total of 2,784 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. Forty-five of genes were specifically expressed in Tc361_1 including transcription initiation factor, transmembrane transporter activity and so on, while 26 of genes were specially expressed in Tc284_2 including GTPase activity, ABC transporter and so on. Sixty-seven differential expressed candidate effectors were screened. qRT-PCR of 14 significantly different expressed genes were carried out to prove that the results of RNA-seq is similar to that of qRT-PCR at 144 hpi and show their expression level in the early stage and the difference between two Pt pathotypes, which revealed the complex transcript profiles.
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study might have a solid foundation for the future studies on clarifying the mechanism of pathogenicity differences of Chinese isolates and pathogenic mechanism of Pt.
The effect of holmium laser resection versus standard transurethral resection on non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Changlong , Gao Liang , Zhang Jindong , Yang Xiaokang , Liu Chuan
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To explore the advantages and limitations of holmium laser resection of the bladder tumor (HOLRBT) versus standard transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
Methods: The eligible studies were selected from the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase. Studies comparing HOLRBT and TURBT for patients with NMIBC were included. The outcomes of interest were time of operation, catheterization, and hospitalization, rates of recurrence and perioperative complications, including obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, bladder irritation and urethral stricture. Results of all data were compared and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3.
Results: A total of 9 comparative studies were finally included for analysis. Pooled data demonstrated that HOLRBT could significantly reduce the time in catheterization and hospitalization, the rates of recurrence in 2 years of follow-up, obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, bladder irritation compared with those in TURBT, respectively. However, no significant difference could be found between HOLRBT and TURBT in the time of operation, rate of recurrence at 1-year follow-up and urethral stricture.
Conclusions: The results of our research showed that HOLRBT would be a better choice than TURBT for patients with NMIBC.
Impact of point-of-care ultrasound on the hospital length of stay for internal medicine inpatients with cardiopulmonary diagnosis at admission. – Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial: the IMFCU-1 (Internal Medicine Focused Clinical Ultrasound) study
Authors: Cid Ximena Anaite , Canty David , Royse Alistair , Maier Andrea , Johnson Douglas , El-Ansary Doa , Clarke-Errey Sandy , Fazio Timothy , Royse Colin
Published: July 2019

Background

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is emerging as a reliable and valid clinical tool that impacts diagnosis and clinical decision making, and timely intervention for optimal patient management. This makes its utility in patients admitted to internal medicine wards attractive. However, there is still an evidence gap in all the medical setting of how its use affects clinical variables such as length of stay, morbidity and mortality.

Methods/design

A prospective randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of a surface POCUS of the heart, lungs, and femoral and popliteal veins performed by an internal medicine physician during the first 24 hours of patient admission to the unit with a presumptive cardiopulmonary diagnosis. The University of Melbourne iHeartScan, iLungScan and 2-point venous compression protocols are followed to identify left and right ventricular function, significant valvular heart disease, pericardial and pleural effusion, consolidation, pulmonary edema, pneumothorax and proximal deep venous thrombosis. Patient management is not commanded by the protocol and is at the discretion of the treating team. A total of 250 patients will be recruited at one tertiary hospital. Participants are randomized to receive POCUS or no POCUS. The primary outcome measured will be hospital length of stay. Secondary outcomes include the change in diagnosis and management, 30-day hospital readmission and health care costs.

Discussion

This study will evaluate the clinical impact of multi-organ POCUS in internal medicine patients admitted with cardiopulmonary diagnosis on the hospital length of stay. Recruitment of participants has commenced in September of 2018 and is estimated to be completed by March 2020.
The volatility target effect in investment-linked products with embedded American-type derivatives
Authors: Albeverio Sergio , Steblovskaya Victoria , Wallbaum Kai
Published: July 2019

Volatility Target (VolTarget) strategies as underlying assets for options embedded in investment-linked products have been widely used by practitioners in recent years. Available research mainly focuses on European-type options linked to VolTarget strategies. In this paper, VolTarget-linked options of American type are investigated. Within the Heston stochastic volatility model, a numerical study of American put options, as well as American lookback options linked to VolTarget strategies, is performed. These are compared with traditional American-type derivatives linked to an equity index. The authors demonstrate that using a Volatility Target strategy as a basis for an embedded American-type derivative may make any protection fees significantly less dependent of changing market volatilities. Replacing an equity index with the VolTarget strategy may also result in reducing guarantee fees of the corresponding protection features in a highly volatile market environment.
Flow behavior of perchlorate from a source lake to a water supply tap following fireworks displays
Authors: Yokoi T. , Nakamura A. , Hosoda K. , Kagatsume I. , Segawa T.
Published: July 2019

Perchlorate is an oxidizer used in fireworks. Though fireworks displays are held over Lake Biwa, which supplies water to Kyoto, the city's water treatment process lacks the ability to remove perchlorate. This study investigated perchlorate contamination in source and tap water resulting from a fireworks display. During 2016, the perchlorate concentration in the source water increased to 22.3 μg/L during the 19 hours following the display and then decreased to <0.5 μg/L during the 43 hours following the display. The perchlorate concentration in the tap water increased to 13.6 μg/L during the 35 hours following the display, and then gradually decreased. To evaluate the state of mixing through the water treatment process, a model for chemical reactors was applied to concentration time-courses in the source and tap water. The model showed that perchlorate was dispersed homogeneously by stirring as the water flowed downstream through the waterway and through the water purification plant.
Features of regional investment project in gold industry
Authors: Verkholantseva Olga Nikolaevna
Published: July 2019

The article is devoted to the implementation of regional investment project (RIP) in the territories of Eastern Siberia, Zabaykalsky Krai and Far East. The article analyzes the specific of RIP implementation in gold industry in defined Russian Federation subjects. The possible ways of revealed problems solution are defined.
Timelines in Literary Text
Authors: Sokolova Galina Aleksandrovna
Published: July 2019

The article deals with the peculiarities of time expressing and depicting in literary text. It is focused on linear, cyclic and historical timelines; it also outlines the ways how these timelines can be verbalized in literary text; it emphasizes the importance of the category of time because the temporal orientation in text determines the type of language means in work; it gives a few interpretations of plot time and highlights some possibilities and abilities of it to express dynamics and variability of the world.
Dysregulation of lncRNA and circRNA Expression in Mouse Testes after Exposure to Triptolide
Authors: Xiong Suping , Li Yanting , Xiang Yang , Peng Na , Shen Chunmiao , Cai Yanqiu , Song Dandan , Zhang Peng , Wang Xiaolong , Zeng Xuihui , Zhang Xiaoning
Published: July 2019

Background:

Triptolide has been shown to exert various pharmacological effects on systemic autoimmune diseases and cancers. However, its severe toxicity, especially reproductive toxicity, prevents its widespread clinical use for people with fertility needs. Noncoding RNAs including lncRNAs and circRNAs are novel regulatory molecules that mediate a wide variety of physiological activities; they are crucial for spermatogenesis and their dysregulation might cause male infertility. However, whether they are involved in triptolide-induced reproductive toxicity is completely unknown.

Methods::

After exposure of mice to triptolide, the total RNAs were used to investigate lncRNA/circRNA/mRNA expression profiles by strand-specific RNA sequencing at the transcriptome level to help uncover RNA-related mechanisms in triptolide-induced toxicity.

Results::

Triptolide significantly decreased testicular weight, damaged testis and sperm morphology, and reduced sperm motility and density. Remarkable deformities in sperm head and tail were also found in triptolide-exposed mice. At the transcriptome level, the triptolide-treated mice exhibited aberrant expression profiles of lncRNAs/circRNAs/mRNAs. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses revealed that the functions of the differentially expressed lncRNA targets, circRNA cognate genes, and mRNAs were closely linked to many processes involved in spermatogenesis. In addition, some lncRNAs/circRNAs were greatly upregulated or inducibly expressed, implying their potential value as candidate markers for triptolide-induced male reproductive toxicity.

Conclusion::

This study provides a preliminary database of triptolide-induced transcriptome, promotes understanding of the reproductive toxicity of triptolide, and highlights the need for research on increasing the medical efficacy of triptolide and decreasing its toxicity.
Amphotericin B Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Parenteral Delivery: Characterization, Antifungal and In vitro Toxicity Assessment
Authors: Nimtrakul Pataranapa , Tiyaboonchai Waree , Lamlertthon Supaporn
Published: July 2019

Background:

Amphotericin B (AmB) is important for the treatment of systemic fungal infections. Nowadays, only intravenous administration (IV) of AmB has been available due to its low aqueous solubility. Two forms of AmB are available. The first is Fungizone®, a mixture of AmB and sodium deoxcycholate that produces severe nephrotoxicity. The second are lipid-based formulations that reduce nephrotoxicity, but they are costly and require higher dose than Fungizone®. Thus, a cheaper delivery system with reduced AmB toxicity is required.

Objective:

To develop and characterize AmB loaded-nanostructured lipid carriers (AmB-loaded NLCs) for IV administration to reduce AmB toxicity.

Methods:

AmB-loaded NLCs with different solid lipids were prepared by the high-pressure homogenization technique. Their physicochemical properties and the drug release profile were examined. The molecular structure of AmB, antifungal and hemolysis activities of developed AmB-loaded NLCs were also evaluated.

Results:

AmB-loaded NLCs ~110 to ~140 nm in diameter were successfully produced with a zeta potential of ~-19 mV and entrapment efficiency of ~75%. In vitro release showed fast release characteristics. AmB-loaded NLCs could reduce the AmB molecular aggregation as evident from the absorbance ratio of the first to the fourth peak showing a partial aggregation of AmB. This result suggested that AmB-loaded NLCs could offer less nephrotoxicity compared to Fungizone®. In vitro antifungal activity of AmB-loaded NLCs showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25 µgmL-1.

Conclusion:

AmB-loaded NLCs present high potential carriers for effective IV treatment with prolonged circulation time and reduced toxicity.
Diagnosis and Management of Eating Disorders in Pregnancy
Authors: Wilkie Gianna , Mittal Leena , Smith Nicole
Published: July 2019

Background:

To provide a review of the literature with regards to the diagnosis and management
of eating disorders in pregnancy.

Methods:

Available literature was reviewed and summarized to discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis,
natural history of the illness, and treatment.

Results:

Eating disorders are common mental health conditions in reproductive-aged women, including
pregnant women. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are the
most commonly diagnosed, with a mixed clinical picture existing due to the fluidity between these
conditions. Pregnancy can often act as a trigger for eating disorders given the focus on weight gain
and the stressors associated with the changing physical appearance of pregnancy. There are significant
maternal and fetal risks associated with eating disorders in pregnancy including an elevated
risk of cesarean delivery, postpartum depression, preterm delivery, and perinatal mortality. Treatment
of eating disorders should involve a multidisciplinary team of providers with close monitoring
in pregnancy and the postpartum period with honest discussions on handling weight gain and triggering
restrictions associated with pregnancy.

Conclusion:

Pregnancy is a high-risk time for women with eating disorders given the significant
maternal and fetal risks of their illness.
Knowledge of Pharmacists about Anti-epileptic Drugs in a Developing Country
Authors: Ali Mohammed Awad Osman , Mahgoub Esra Abdallah Abdalwahed , Nimir Mohammed , Ali Kamil Mirghani
Published: July 2019

Background:

Pharmacists play an essential role in educating the epileptic patients about their
disease and their medications. Improving the patient’s awareness may lead to improve their compliance and
decrease drug-drug interaction and ultimately improve their quality of life.

Objective:

This study aimed to assess the pharmacist’s knowledge about anti-epileptic drugs in Khartoum
State, Sudan.

Method:

We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in Khartoum State, Sudan. Proportionate stratified
sampling was used to determine the targeted Pharmacies, and all pharmacists who were present in the
selected pharmacy at the time of data collection and fulfilled our selection criteria were included in the
study. A structure closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from candidates.

Results:

Majority of participants were female (66.9%), less than 30 years old (66.7%) and have less than 5
years of experience (62.1%). Unfortunately, the majority of the participants (85.3%) had poor knowledge,
and only (14.7%) of them had good knowledge. Furthermore, the study revealed that age (p =.030), years of
experience (p =.026) and the degree in pharmacy (p = .003) were significantly associated with knowledge
level.

Conclusions:

Majority of the pharmacists in Khartoum State have poor knowledge about anti-epileptic
drugs. Further research is needed to investigate the actual factors behind this knowledge gap and to propose
interventions to improve the pharmacist’s knowledge and practice aiming to improve the quality of health
care provided to the patients.
Hacia la creación del MOOC para el Mejoramiento en el Tránsito a la Educación Superior
Authors: Arévalo Deicy , Jaramillo Daniel , Benavidez Pastor , Ramírez Gustavo , Corchuelo Miguel
Published: July 2019

En Colombia y específicamente en el departamento del Cauca se presenta un bajo ingreso y una alta deserción de jóvenes de comunidades étnicas y rurales en la educación superior. En el marco de esta problemática, surgió el programa MenTES, cuya finalidad es promover que esta franja poblacional no solo acceda a la universidad, sino que se sostenga académicamente en ella. Sin embargo y sin desconocer lo destacable de este programa, se evidenció que había una falencia en temas de cobertura, sobre todo en zonas alejadas o de difícil acceso del departamento. Es así como en este trabajo se presenta el diseño del MOOC para el Mejoramiento en el Tránsito a la Educación Superior; una estrategia virtual con carácter abierto y masivo que tiene como objetivo formar docentes para que estos logren replicar la experiencia del programa MenTES en sus comunidades.
Validación para Colombia del índice RESVECH 2.0 para la valoración de cicatrización en heridas crónicas
Authors: Restrepo Medrano Juan Carlos
Published: July 2019

Objective. To validate in Colombia the RESVECH 2.0 index to assess and evaluate the healing process in chronic wounds. Materials and methods. Validation study carried out in three hospitals of III - IV complexity level of attention between 2013 and 2016. Population: 120 patients with any of the injuries included in the study Statistically the sphericity test of Barlett was used, the adequacy test of the KaiserMeyer-Olkin sample, the Cronbach alpha coefficient and the Reliability test-test. Results. The RESVECH 2.0 measurement index is an instrument that allows the assessment of chronic wounds at the foot of bed in a simple way and has adequate psychometric measures. Conclusions. The RESVECH 2.0 index has high reliability and validity, reasons to be recommended to use it in clinical guidelines for the care of patients with chronic wounds.
Determinación de la calidad de aceite de piñón (Jatropha curcas L.) bajo cuatro dosis de fertilización
Authors: Iguarán Díaz Camilo José , Cabrales Rodríguez Roberto , Marrugo Negrete José Luís
Published: July 2019

El Piñon es un árbol que crece en todo tipo de suelo, es resistente a la sequía y tiene propiedades medicinales. Las semillas tienen alto contenido de aceite el cual es apto para la producción de biodisel. El Piñon en la región Caribe, colombiana es plantado en las cercas vivas conociéndose poco el manejo agronómico como cultivo; por lo cual se planteó la necesidad de evaluar el comportamiento agronómico, la capacidad de producción y calidad de aceite de cuatro ecotipos de piñón en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Se utilizaron los ecotipos CPB-1 (Brasil), CPM-6 (México), Astréa (Colombia) y Barranca (Colombia), bajo diferentes dosis de fertilización, en un diseño de bloques al azar, con parcelas divididas con tres repeticiones. En el tratamiento A se fertilizó con 50 g de urea por planta, el tratamiento B 50g de urea más 50 g de P2O5 y el tratamiento C 50 g de urea más 50 g de KCl y un testigo (tratamiento D). El análisis estadístico mostró que hay diferencias significativas entre los ecotipos y tratamientos, se determinó que el Ecotipo Brasil bajo el tratamiento B fue el de mejores resultados en cuanto a rendimiento (3932,6 Kg ha-1). En cuanto a la calidad de los aceites para la producción de Biodiesel, todos los tratamientos presentaron muy buenos resultados, con índices de acidez y Yodo bajos, y altos índice de saponificación. Por lo tanto se recomienda establecer el ecotipo Brasil fertilizado con 64 g urea + 109 g DAP, para la zona del Sinú medio.
Diagnóstico tecnológico y socioeconómico de los cultivos de maracuyá y guayaba en el Ariari, Meta.
Authors: Romero-Ramirez Ana Cecilia , Salazar-Cerón Maira Alejandra , Orduz-Rodriguez Javier Orlando
Published: July 2019

La fruticultura es la principal actividad agrícola de la región del Ariari en el departamento del Meta. Los cultivos de guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) y maracuyá (Passiflora edulis Sims) se establecieron en la década de 1990 y actualmente se siembran cerca de 2000 hectáreas de cada cultivo. Con el fin de conocer los principales problemas fitosanitarios y las prácticas de manejo utilizadas por los productores se realizó un estudio con una encuesta a 40 productores de guayaba y a 43 de maracuyá en tres municipios del Meta (Granada, Lejanías y Villavicencio). La información recolectada se socializó con las comunidades y los resultados se validaron en talleres grupales. Los productores no tienen apoyo de servicios de asistencia técnica ni de extensión agrícola. No se tienen criterios técnicos para los niveles críticos para el control de plagas y enfermedades, ni de los productos ni dosis para su control; además de utilizar productos no recomendados para estos cultivos ni para los problemas fitosanitarios. Estos métodos de manejo elevan los costos de producción y las frutas pueden presentar problemas con los residuos químicos. Se requiere la implementación de capacitación de los productores y la evaluación de control biológico de plagas y de prácticas de agricultura limpia y el acompañamiento de programas de extensión especializado en fruticultura
Imputaciones múltiples, herramienta para la estimación de datos faltantes en la modelación de regresión
Authors: Mejía-Giraldo Luis Miguel , Restrepo-Betancur Luis Fernando
Published: July 2019

En los últimos años se ha apreciado un incremento en la investigación sobre problemas de datos faltantes, siendo la imputación múltiple una fundamental alternativa; donde los conjuntos de datos a menudo presentan complejidades que son actualmente difíciles de manejar de manera apropiada en el marco de probabilidad, pero relativamente simples de tratar con imputación; por esto, el presente artículo describe una serie de aspectos prácticos para aplicar dicha metodología en el caso de la modelación de captura de carbono para Colombia, con base en las bases de datos del Banco Mundial incluyendo datos faltantes alcanzando R2 de 79,30%, resaltándose que al momento de estimar dichos datos y recalcular el modelo respectivo se evidencia un mayor R2, siendo del 94,79%, lo cual evidencia una mejora sustancial del respectivo modelo de regresión lineal múltiple como tal.
Reframing Innovation
Authors: Bradbury Victoria , O'Hara Suzy
Published: July 2019

This paper outlines five presentations delivered by invited panelists during Reframing Innovation: Art, the Maker Movement and Critique, our New Media Caucus affiliated panel at the CAA Conference, February 2019, New York City. The panel developed from our co-edited volume, Art Hack Practice(forthcoming, Routledge) which investigates global art hacking practices employed by individuals and groups who are working within, around or against the phenomenon known as ‘maker culture’ as artists, designers, curators and historians.

Each presentation offers a distinct account of contemporary art practices that reveal the many manifestations, characteristics and dialogs around current art hacking practices. By publishing these talks here, we aim to provide readers with new insights into projects that challenge perceived distinctions between sites of artistic and economic production by brokering new, direct ways of working between them, thereby challenging traditional understandings of the role and place of the art in society.
THE INFLUENCE OF ASYNCHRONOUS BLENDED PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING ON RETENTION AND LEARNING MOTIVATION OF MIDWIFERY STUDENTS
Authors: Apriliani Purwandyarti , Husen Ike Rostikawati , Hilmanto Dani
Published: July 2019

Background: According to 21st century priorities in the Global Strategy On Human Resources For Health: Workforce 2030, the abilities of medical practices must be appropiate with the demands of the society. To realize the abilities of medical practices which are apropriate with the demands of the society, are using learning methods that encourage a more active learning process, thereby encouraging the activation of long term memory through the introduction of realistic and contextual cases that can increase the cognitive retention of students. Problem based learning method (PBL) has several limitations. One of them is the high demand of educators in number. Asynchronous blended problem based learning method (ABLE-PBL) is an instructional innovation that may be used in midwifery school institutions that have limited number of educators but they want to optimize the learning process and produce quality graduates who are competent in accordance with the demands of the society. The aim of this study is to know the influence of ABLE-PBL and PBL method on cognitive retention and student learning motivation.Method: This study conducted using a quantitative approach with total sample 37 Universitas Padjadjaran Midwifery students who are fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, from March to June 2018 by cross over method.Results: This study showed that there was no difference between retention score 1 and retention score 2 of intervention group (ABLE-PBL) and control group (PBL) by using mann-whitney test (p > 0,05), ABLE-PBL and PBL had no difference in affecting cognitive retention and motivation by using chi square test (p > 0.05).Conclusion: ABLE-PBL method and PBL method has no difference in affecting cognitive retention and student learning motivation.
COMPARISON BETWEEN PAPER-BASED AND WEB- BASED TEST IN THE CLINICAL SKILLS LABORATORY OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Widyandana Doni
Published: July 2019

Background: E-Learning or web-based technology can be used to train undergraduate medical students’ clinicalreasoning skills. Currently, many learning methods are being developed using web-based environment to replacepaper-based because they are more efficient in terms of paper usage and are flexible for a student in accessingmaterials. This study aims to explore student’s working durationaccess time and scores upon the usage of webbasedtest, to compare students’ scores to paper-based test scores, to explore the advantages anddisadvantages, andsuggestions to improve the web-based learning method.Method: This study randomly enlisted 60 medical students of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesiaand divided them into web-based (n = 30) and paper- based test (n = 30) groups. Students answered 15 disastermanagement questions and completed a questionnaire. The scores and times needed to answer the questions werecompared using the Mann-Whitney and Independent Sample tests.Results: The duration to answer in the web-based group was shorter than in paper- based group (p = 0.001), butthe average scores difference was not significant (p = 0.169). In the web-based group, similar numbers of studentsaccessed the website during and after working hours. Survey questionnaire results showed that most students realizedthe advantages of this program and gave appropriate suggestions.Conclusion: Practicing clinical reasoning skills using web-based learning method is more time-efficient comparedto the paper-based test. Its high-accessibility improves the learning interest and motivation of the student, with anequal outcome to the paper-based test.
TUTOR’S ABILITY IN IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN A MEDICAL FACULTY
Authors: Demak Indah Puspasari Kiay , Sari Puspita , Tanra Andi Alfia Muthmainnah
Published: July 2019

Background: Problem-based learning is a student-centered learning approach. PBL activities include an implementation of tutorial discussions that will be facilitated by the tutor. The active role of students to search the learning resources and describe it in tutorial discussion until desired learning objectives and expected competencies reached can not be separated from the role of tutor. The aim of this study was to evaluate tutor’s ability in implementation problem-based learning in Medical Faculty Tadulako University.Methods: This was a cross sectional study with quantitative descriptive approach. The subjects were all students in second, third and fourth year. Data collected from 5 likert scale questionnaire of tutor’s ability.Results: The highest score of tutor’s ability was helping students’ comprehend principles theories in constructive learning, make conclusion in self directed learning, and got constructive feedback in collaborative learning. In contextual learning, for second and fourth year students was to apply knowledge in similar situation, while for third year was to apply knowledge in cases discused.Conclusion: Tutor’s ability was high for all PBL aspects, which contextual learning was the highest, while constructive leaning was the lowest.
Proximal gastrectomy versus total gastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yi-chuan , Lu Li , Fan Kai-hu , Wang Dao-han , Fu Wei-hua
Published: July 2019

Aim:
To compare efficacy between total gastrectomy (TG) and proximal gastrectomy (PG) for upper-third gastric cancer.
Materials & methods:
PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library were searched to select suitable researches. Stata was used for meta-analysis including 5-year overall survival rate, recurrence rate, complication morbidities and serum nutritional levels.
Results:
Ten retrospective English researches were contained. Our study showed no significant difference of 5-year overall survival rate, recurrence rate, reflux symptoms and anastomotic leakage. TG experienced longer operation time, more lymph nodes-retrieved number, more estimated blood loss and higher ileus, but less anastomotic stricture. PG showed advantages over TG in terms of serum nutritional levels.
Conclusion:
PG is more preferable to TG for treatment of upper-third gastric cancer.
Conflictos entre profesores y estudiantes al iniciar la formación médica: un estudio con incidentes críticos
Authors: Luna de la Luz Verónica , Varela Ruiz Margarita Elena , Fortoul van der Goes Teresa Imelda
Published: July 2019

Introducción: En la formación de los médicos, los conflictos se presentan desde los primeros años en la relación entre el profesor y los estudiantes.

Objetivo: Explorar las causas de los conflictos que se presentan en la relación entre profesores y estudiantes en el primer año de formación médica de una universidad pública, desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes.

Método: Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo a través de 160 incidentes críticos de estudiantes de la generación 2016 de la licenciatura de médico cirujano en una universidad pública. El análisis de los datos se realizó a partir de la teoría fundamentada modificada.

Resultados: Se definieron 8 categorías que originaron los conflictos desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes: actitud negativa, intolerancia e incomprensión del profesor, baja eficacia y poco compromiso del docente o evaluación injusta. Lo que coincide con reportes realizados durante el entrenamiento clínico y en otras áreas disciplinares.

Conclusiones: Los conflictos ocurren principalmente porque, de acuerdo con la perspectiva de los estudiantes, los profesores presentan escasas competencias socioemocionales. Estos hallazgos permiten conocer cómo inician los estudiantes la construcción de su identidad profesional al interactuar con los profesores.
Cambios en la calidad de sueño, somnolencia diurna, ansiedad y depresión durante el internado médico de pregrado
Authors: Gómez Landeros Ofelia , Zúñiga Valadés Alberto , Granados Cosme José Arturo , Velasco Arenas Félix Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Introducción: Las dificultades crónicas de sueño, así como la privación de este se asocian con trastornos como la depresión y la ansiedad, estas patologías han sido observadas por diferentes investigaciones en estudiantes del internado de medicina, en quienes el porcentaje de malos dormidores oscila entre 60 a 90%.

Objetivo: Evaluar los cambios en la calidad de sueño, somnolencia diurna, ansiedad y depresión al inicio y al final del internado médico en estudiantes de una universidad pública.

Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal por medio de medición de variables en una cohorte al inicio y al final del internado. Del total de los médicos  internos de pregrado de la generación julio 2016 (N = 51), se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria (n = 45) en la que se aplicaron los instrumentos: índice de calidad de sueño Pittsburgh, escala de somnolencia Epworth, e inventarios de Beck para ansiedad y depresión. Se realizó estadística descriptiva con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, así como las pruebas estadísticas McNemar para calidad de sueño y Wilcoxon para somnolencia diurna, ansiedad y depresión. La información se procesó con el programa SPSS versión 22 con nivel de significancia de 0.05.

Resultados: Al final del internado médico se incrementó la mala calidad de sueño, la somnolencia diurna y los niveles de ansiedad presentando diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Se vieron afectados los grados de depresión en forma negativa sin mostrar significancia.

Conclusiones: Tanto la ansiedad como la depresión mostraron una elevación importante de sus prevalencias al final del internado médico, por lo que se recomienda realizar evaluaciones periódicas medidas de prevención y valorar la influencia de diversos estresores.