bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Graphene Nanoplatelet Reinforced Polylactide Acid Biocomposites
Authors: Mustafa Nur Izzati , Abu Bakar Mohd Bashree , Mazli Nur Izzati , Masri Mohamad Najmi , Hermawan Andi
Published: December 2024

In this research, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) were introduced as hybrid nanofillers at a total loading level of 5wt.% in poly(lactic) acid (PLA) as matrix material. PLA-CNC/GNP biocomposites were successfully fabricated with the utilisation of compression moulding to study the effect of CNC and GNP on the mechanical and thermal properties of the biocomposites. The produced PLA-CNC/GNP biocomposite materials, including pure PLA for comparison purposes, were characterised by mechanical and thermal properties. Overall, the results of the flexural properties showed that the PLA biocomposite had a formulation of 2.5 wt.% CNC and 2.5 wt.% GNP contributed significantly to the enhancement of flexural strength and the modulus, up to 47% and 76%, respectively. The thermal properties also seem to be optimally improved as the thermal stability of the biocomposite samples was analysed accordingly. Overall, the incorporation of CNC and GNP with 5 wt.% of total hybrid filler loading showed a favourable impact on the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA biocomposite for environmentally friendly automotive components.
From Light to Heavy: Addressing Gaps in Rare Earth Element Extraction at the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant
Authors: Zulkifli Norazihan , Shoparwe Noor Fazliani , Yusof Abdul Hafidz , Abdullah Ahmad Zuhairi , Ahmad Mohammad Norazmi
Published: December 2024

The Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) in Kuantan, Malaysia, exemplifies sustainable practices in rare earth element (REE) separation processes through its efficient solvent extraction techniques using 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (HEH/EHP or P507) and di-2ethylhexyl-phosporic acid (D2EHPA or P204) to separate REEs from monazite ore sourced from Mt. Weld, Australia. LAMP achieves a remarkable 99% yield for light REE separation in areas such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, and neodymium. It faces challenges separating heavy REEs due to the low content in its concentration to be cost-effective. This limitation underscores the need for improved solvents or alternative methods like ion exchange to enhance heavy REE recovery, particularly yttrium, gadolinium, terbium, and dysprosium, which is of interest to Malaysia to separate its non-radioactive heavy REE from ion-adsorbed clay. Insights from LAMP's processes offer valuable lessons in developing robust REE separation strategies that align with global demand, green technology, and environmental and social impact.
Az Emberi Jogok Európai Bíróságának legutóbbi döntéseiből: Karsai Dániel Magyarország elleni ügye
Authors: Kállai Péter
Published: December 2024

Rovatunkban ezúttal az Emberi Jogok Európai Bíróságának Karsai Dániel Magyarország elleni ügyében hozott ítéletét ismertetjük.
Az eutanáziavita és az elmúlás gondolata
Authors: Barcsi Tamás  , Nemes László
Published: December 2024

A Karsai Dániel által indított strasbourgi eljárás eredményeként az életvégi döntések kérdése ismét a közérdeklődés homlokterébe került. A téma alapjogi relevanciája és súlya miatt a szerkesztőség teret kívánt adni az életvégi döntések jogilag releváns kérdéseire történő tudományos reflexióknak. Az életvégi döntésekre vonatkozó szabályozás és bírói joggyakorlat számos oldalról megközelíthető. Ennek alapján kértük fel szerzőinket az itt közölt írások megírására.
A német Szövetségi Alkotmánybíróság döntése az asszisztált öngyilkosságról
Authors: Tóth J. Zoltán  , Köbel Dávid
Published: December 2024

Tóth J. Zoltán és Köbel Dávid a német Szövetségi Alkotmánybíróság 2020. február 26-i döntését elemzi, mely kimondta, hogy a német Alaptörvény által biztosított általános személyiségi jogból következően az embereknek szabadságukban áll saját belátásuk szerint dönteni az életüket befolyásoló alapvető kérdésekről, beleértve az életük befejezését is.
Öngyilkosságban közreműködés és jogösszehasonlítás: Ausztria példája
Authors: Filó Mihály
Published: December 2024

Filó Mihály cikke az osztrák alkotmánybíróságnak az asszisztált öngyilkosság dekriminalizációjával kapcsolatos döntését vizsgálja, kilátásba helyezve a vonatkozó magyar jogszabályok lehetséges módosítását.
How to Finance Tourism and Recreation in National Parks: Systematic Review
Authors: Gül İlker
Published: December 2024

Protecting nature entails far more than merely addressing issues such as reducing plastic usage, minimizing waste, and limiting overconsumption. It also involves, and indeed begins with, limiting the usage of specific areas. These areas restrict human activities and provide sufficient space for ecological systems to maintain a balanced state (Kurdoğlu, 2007, p. 60). This means specific natural resources should be protected and preserved for the next generation and nature. On the other hand, as Jane Carruthers mentioned in the context of South Africa, the creation of a national park is not a moral issue but rather a matter of recognizing that the viewing and studying of wildlife by white South Africans constituted a legitimate and economically viable form of land use and that the state should provide land for this purpose (Carruthers, 1989, pp. 188, 189). Protected areas, particularly in the context of national parks, have often been seen as places with limited use and conservative management. However, this perspective is only partially accurate. Such areas have been used for education, science, and tourism as a broader and economically viable activity. Indigenous and local communities have also benefited from these areas, even engaging in hunting activities. Management practices have shown examples of flexibility in these contexts (Nelson, 1987, pp. 291, 292).
Management indicates that specific personal resources, goods, and operations should be maintained and operational, naturally incurring costs. These costs are primarily financed through limited public funds, as it must be noted that citizens are the sole source of this money. At this point, Robert Davis raises an important issue: “Assuming that society knows how much of limited public money it wants to assign to outdoor recreation development, the question is whether the agencies in charge of spending the funds can allocate them optimally?” (Davis, 1963, p. 239)That quotation first emphasizes that it is public money, and decision-makers know how it should be used. Second, can decision-makers use it optimally?
To ensure the National Park Service is adequately funded and financially sustainable, methods for funding parks need to be critically examined and evaluated by academic researchers and professionals. To achieve this aim, we will systematically review the literature on funding national parks in this study.
A study of the relationship between college students' happiness and individual characteristics
Authors: Wu Yundong
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on differences in college students' well-being and its individual characteristics influenced by gender and age, as well as exploring the effects of a classroom intervention based on positive emotions and creativity. The study assessed 166 university students, using the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) as assessment tools. The results of the study showed that gender and age did not show significant differences in perceived happiness, but the positive emotion intervention programme achieved significant results, with a significant increase in subjective well-being in the experimental group of students compared to the control group. In addition, happiness is positively related to academic success, which helps college students cope with life stress and positively affects personal health, social well-being, and quality of life. Given the importance of positive emotions and their many benefits for university students, we recommend incorporating these interventions into university programmes to better prepare students for their future working lives.
From Pioneering to Splendor: A Reexamination of the Development of Northeast China's Cinema in the Context of Sino-Soviet Friendship at the Beginning of the Cold War
Authors: Jin Shan
Published: December 2024

The Soviet Union, a former world power, dominated the Warsaw Pact of the Soviet Union, which is now a thing of the past. However, in the early years of its founding, the Soviet Union actually played the dual roles of "big brother" and "guide" in the economic development of China. This led to the Cold War starting in the late 1940s, when the United States, as the leader of the Western camp, and the Soviet Union, as the leader of the communist camp, had very different and serious ideologies. The impact was greatly influenced by both the evolution of art and societal development. The responsibilities of both "big brother" and "guide" had a profound impact on our nation's social, artistic, and economic advancement. In addition to taking the initiative to build cordial diplomatic ties with China at the start of the Cold War, the Soviet Union also supported socialism with China. Everyone could see how the Soviet Union was building and developing Chinese cinema during this time. China also swiftly introduced new developments in cinematic art and technology, realized development and exchanges at the cultural level, and accepted the work guidance of Soviet experts and sophisticated Soviet equipment.
A Process Model for Leachate Treatment in Adsorbent-Amended Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Nisa Ishfaqun , Arias Mauricio E. , Mulligan Lillian , Yang Xia , Ergas Sarina J.
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces a model of constructed wetlands (CWs) for on-site landfill leachate treatment, emphasizing the efficacy of zeolite and biochar as adsorbent media to enhance pollutant removal. While zeolite improves nitrification, biochar enhances denitrification and organic matter removal. The model employed a series of continuously stirred reactors and was calibrated and validated using data from 2 parallel CW mesocosms. Each mesocosm incorporated a 250-L vertical subsurface flow CW (V-CW) followed by a 440-L horizontal subsurface flow CW (H-CW). One was an unamended control with gravel media and the other was amended with zeolite in V-CW and biochar in H-CW. The model considered hourly changes in water storage, temperature, and transformations of nitrogen species, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and dissolved oxygen. Model robustness was demonstrated by low normalized root mean square error values (<0.3) for effluent ammonium nitrogen and COD concentrations. The model, validated and subject to a sensitivity analysis, accurately predicted pollutant removal efficiency (<13.3% error for unamended, <3% for adsorbent-amended), making it a valuable tool for evaluating full-scale CW dynamic performance under variable conditions.
Le corps d’Hécube et l’esprit d’Hector : respect et honte dans le vingt-deuxième chant de l’Iliade
Authors: Castellaneta Sabina
Published: December 2024

L’article traite de la représentation des sentiments opposés qui envahissent Hécube et Hector dans le vingt-deuxième chant de l’Iliade, avec une attention particulière à la conception différente de « aidōs » – à comprendre dans le double sens de « respect » et de « honte » – telle qu’elle émerge des paroles prononcées par la mère et le fils à la veille du duel fatal avec Achille, aux vers 79-89 et 99-110. Dans ce cadre, une attention spécifique est dediée à l’emploi des termes « eleos » (pitié), « kleos » (gloire), « atasthaliē » (action inconsidérée). Enfin, méritent un intérêt particulier les gestes non stéréotypés et donc riches de valeur symbolique réalisés par Hécube juste avant (vers 79-89) et immédiatement après (vers 405-411) la mort d’Hector : un large espace est, à cet égard, accordé à l’emploi du terme « kolpos » au sens de « giron » dans Iliade 22.80 ainsi qu’à l’exégèse antique du passage iliadique.
The article deals with the representation of the conflicting emotions that overwhelm Hecuba and Hector in the twenty-second book of the Iliad, with particular attention to the differing conception of “aidōs” – understood in the dual sense of “respect” and “shame” – as it emerges from the words spoken by the mother and son on the eve of the fatal duel with Achilles, in verses 79-89 and 99-110. In this context, specific attention is given to the use of the terms “eleos” (pity), “kleos” (glory), “atasthaliē” (reckless action). Lastly, particular interest is afforded to the non-stereotypical gestures, rich in symbolic value, performed by Hecuba just before (verses 79-89) and immediately after (verses 405-411) Hector’s death: in this regard, considerable focus is placed on the use of the term “kolpos”, meaning “womb” in Iliad 22.80 and on the ancient exegesis of the Iliadic passage.
« Nunc ignominie nebulis obscurata, ceteris facta est in derisum et perpetue infamie notam » : piller et humilier pendant la guerre de Cent Ans
Authors: Furon Christophe
Published: December 2024

La guerre de Cent Ans est une guerre de pillages. Ceux-ci sont de différentes natures. Si la plupart n’ont pour seul objectif que celui de faire du butin et d’amasser les rançons, d’autres cherchent également à humilier une population et l’autorité qui est censée la protéger. Remise dans le contexte des opérations militaires et bien que les sources posent un certain nombre de problèmes pour l’analyser, l’humiliation apparaît alors comme un moyen de soumission de l’ennemi. Le vol de biens, le saccage des récoltes et les destructions de bâtiments signent l’humiliation économique de la communauté visée. Certains de ces bâtiments ont également une fonction politique et leur destruction, accompagnée de représailles envers les gouvernants, marque l’humiliation politique de la communauté. Les meurtres et les viols achèvent de porter atteinte à l’organisation sociale. L’humiliation a ainsi valeur de punition et inflige une honte durable à la ville qui a trahi son souverain ou a trop résisté à l’assiégeant. Quant aux chevauchées des Anglais, des Grandes Compagnies et des écorcheurs, elles sont un défi à l’autorité royale, qui ne peut se permettre de ne pas y répondre. Quels qu’ils soient, les pillages sont donc une véritable pratique de guerre au même titre que la bataille rangée ou le siège d’une place.
The Hundred Years War was a war of plunders, with raids of different natures. While most pillages aimed only to gather loot and collect ransoms, others also sought humiliate a population and the authority meant to to protect it. When examined within the context of military operations and despite the analytical challenges posed by historical sources, humiliation emerges as a means of subduing the enemy. The theft of properties, the destruction of crops and the demolition of buildings signified the economic humiliation of the targeted community. Some of these buildings also held political significance, so their destruction, along with reprisals against local leaders, marked the political humiliation of the community. Murders and rapes further destabilized social organization. Humiliation therefore served as a punishment inflicting lasting shame on towns that had betrayed their sovereign or resisted the besieging force too strongly. English raids, as well as those by the Grandes Compagnies and écorcheurs, directly challenged royal authority, which could not afford to ignore them. Pillaging, in all its forms, thus became a legitimate wartime tactic, as integral as pitched battles or sieges.
Tout est perdu : guerre et honte dans le conflit entre Gênes et la Savoie en 1672
Authors: Domizio Luca , Lo Basso Luca
Published: December 2024

En 1672, le duc de Savoie, Charles-Emmanuel II, convaincu du soutien extérieur de Louis XIV, décidait de tenter une manœuvre contre Gênes et la Ligurie, visant à obtenir l’accès tant convoité à la mer. Malgré la défaite que le comte Catalan Alfieri avait subi lors de la guerre de 1625, le duc confia au capitaine, secondé du marquis de Simiana, le commandement des troupes d’invasion. L’action militaire, principalement concentrée sur la Riviera di Ponente, se solda par un échec, au cours de l’opération menée au Castelvecchio. Cette défaite entraîna la fuite de l’armée piémontaise et l’invasion rapide des troupes génoises. Une brève guerre qui ne fut pas seulement une débâcle honteuse pour le duc de Savoie, mais qui eut également des répercussions graves sur les deux commandants piémontais : le comte Alfieri, jugé et déshonoré, mourut peu de temps après en prison, tandis que le marquis de Simiana, alors marquis de Livourne malgré son exil à la cour du roi de France, fut ultérieurement condamné à la perte de ses titres nobiliaires et de tous ses biens. Analysant des documents inédits, l’article est divisé en deux parties : la première examine les raisons militaires de la défaite, tandis que la seconde cherche à comprendre, à travers l’histoire des deux personnages après 1672, comment la défaite militaire au sein du contexte d’Ancien Régime se transforma en déshonneur personnel et en graves pertes économiques.
In 1672, the Duke of Savoy, Charles Emmanuel II, believing that he had the external support of Louis XIV, decided to attempt a maneuver against Genoa and Liguria in order to conquer the much-desired access to the sea. Despite the defeat suffered by the Count Catalano Alfieri in the 1625 war, the Duke entrusted the captain, assisted by the Marquis of Simiana, with the command of the invasion troops. The military action, primarily focused on the Riviera di Ponente, ended in failure during the battle of Castelvecchio. This defeat led to the flight of the Piedmontese army and the swift invasion by Genoese troops. The brief war was not only a shameful defeat for the Duke of Savoy but also had severe repercussions for the two Piedmontese commanders: Count Alfieri, judged and dishonored, died shortly after in prison, while the Marquis of Simiana, then holding the title of Marquis of Livorno, despite his exile at the court of the King of France, was later condemned to the loss of his noble titles and all his assets. Analyzing unpublished documents, the article is divided into two parts: the first examines the military reasons for the defeat, while the second seeks to understand, through the history of the two figures after 1672, how the military defeat within the context of the Ancien Regime was transformed into personal dishonor and significant economic losses.
Safety and Efficacy of Metformin for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension. A U.S-Based Real-World Data Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.
Authors: Azzam Ahmed Y. , Nassar Mahmoud , Al Zomia Ahmed Saad , Elswedy Adam , Morsy Mahmoud M. , Mohamed Adham A. , Elamin Osman , Elsayed Omar S. , Azab Mohammed A. , Essibayi Muhammed Amir , Wu Jin , Dmytirw Adam A. , Altschul David J.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Managing idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is challenging due to limited treatment options. This study evaluates metformin as a potential therapy for IIH, examining its impact on disease outcomes and safety.
Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX database, covering data from 2009 to August 2024. The study included IIH patients, excluding those with other causes of raised intracranial pressure or pre-existing diabetes. Propensity score matching adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, Hemoglobin A1C, and baseline BMI at metformin initiation. We assessed outcomes up to 24 months.
Results: Initially, 1,268 patients received metformin and 49,262 served as controls, showing disparities in various parameters. After matching, both groups consisted of 1,267 patients each. Metformin users had significantly lower risks of papilledema, headache, and refractory IIH at all follow-ups (p<0.0001). They also had fewer spinal punctures and reduced acetazolamide use. BMI reductions were more significant in the metformin group from 6 months onward (p<0.0001), with benefits persisting regardless of BMI changes. Metformin’s safety profile was comparable to the control group.
Conclusions: The study indicates metformin’s potential as a disease-modifying treatment in IIH, with improvements across multiple outcomes independent of weight loss. This suggests complex mechanisms at play, supporting further research through prospective clinical trials to confirm metformin’s role in IIH management and its mechanisms of action.
“Las masas revolucionadas de esperanza” – Esperanza/esperança como palabra clave cultural en el contexto político y social latinoamericano
Authors: Fernández Susana Silvia , Mattos Ana Paulla Braga
Published: December 2024

En este artículo, proponemos que esperanza (esperança en portugués) es una palabra clave cultural en el contexto actual de los países latinoamericanos, es decir una palabra con fuerte carga de contenido cultural y de gran importancia para un grupo social determinado (Wierzbicka, 1997; Goddard, 2004; Levisen y Waters, 2017). A través de un análisis de corpus de intervenciones en Twitter, identificamos los valores culturales y sociales que esconden estos dos términos (en español y en portugués, respectivamente), e indagamos su uso en distintos países. Comparando resultados propios anteriores (Autores 2022) provenientes de Argentina y Brasil con nuevos datos de Venezuela y México, corroboramos nuestra hipótesis de que se trata de un fenómeno altamente extendido en toda la geografía latinoamericana.
‘Why did they hate us?’:
Authors: Ruggi Lennita
Published: December 2024

This paper historicises the concept of ‘bottomless academic pyramid’ (pirámides academicas sin base) from its origins in Latin American anthropology in the 1960s to its current use by Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui to criticise the international system of power in higher education. Examining this theoretical legacy aims to foreground ongoing inequalities against the ‘predominated’, that is, people whose access to formal education is hindered by race, class, and gender. It touches on the epistemological injustice of being Othered by universities in reading the memories of Carolina Maria de Jesus. The discussion aspires to highlight the academic project’s tensions as problematised by contemporary decolonial feminisms from Latin America.
Revolución y utopía en política y arte
Authors: Gustafson Jan
Published: December 2024

Partiendo de la importancia de los conceptos, ideas y prácticas de ‘revolución’ y ‘utopía’ en América Latina, este trabajo enfoca la paradigmática experiencia utópico-revolucionaria de Cuba tras 1959, examinando tres tipos de discursos o productos político-culturales: (1) el discurso oficial, representado por el preámbulo de la Constitución de 2019 y por extractos de dos discursos de Fidel Castro, (2) la poética del cantautor Silvio Rodríguez según una selección de sus canciones y, (3) el cine de Tomás Gutiérrez Alea, concretamente ‘Hasta cierto punto’ (1983) y ‘Fresa y chocolate’ (1993).
En el discurso político oficial, el concepto de revolución –y ‘la Revolución’– se extiende en tiempo y espacio y se identifica con el pueblo y la nación a la vez que es algo más y, un sujeto supremo.
En la poética de Silvio Rodríguez, las ideas de revolución y utopía se manifiestan como esperanza, imaginación y persistencia.
Gutiérrez Alea parte de una crítica realizada desde ‘dentro’ del discurso oficial que, mediante recursos narrativos y visuales sutiles, apunta a una crítica más profunda y radical.
Palabras clave: Cuba, revolución, utopía, cine, música, política.
Kary pieniężne w ustawie o radiofonii i telewizji – analiza krytyczna
Authors: Gajek Łukasz
Published: December 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie przepisów o karach pieniężnych, zawartych w ustawie o radiofonii i telewizji. Ocenie poddano sposób opisu znamion deliktów administracyjnych, przesłanki stosowania (nakładania i wymiaru) kar pieniężnych, a także regulację ich wykonania (zapłaty) w kontekście przepisów kodeksu postępowania administracyjnego. Jednym z głównych kryteriów oceny przepisów są konstytucyjne granice swobody regulowania administracyjnych kar pieniężnych w wykładni Trybunału Konstytucyjnego. W artykule oceniono również sposób zrealizowania przez polskiego ustawodawcę tzw. założenia stopniowalnej regulacji wynikającego z dyrektywy o audiowizualnych usługach medialnych. Uzyskane wnioski pozwoliły ustalić czy obecnie obowiązujące przepisy zapewniają dostateczny poziom ochrony interesów zarówno publicznego, jak i indywidualnych, a także sformułować postulaty de lege ferenda.
Binge Internet : un marqueur potentiel des problèmes d’utilisation aux écrans ?
Authors: Gatineau Catherine , Dufour Magali , Tremblay Joël , Berbiche Djamal , Légaré Andrée-Anne , Khazaal Yasser , Marmet Simon
Published: December 2024

Introduction : Depuis quelques années, le concept de consommation excessive, souvent appelé binge, est utilisé pour guider des démarches préventives, notamment pour les dépendances aux substances. Or, la pertinence de ce marqueur précoce n’a jamais été explorée en ce qui a trait à l’hyperconnectivité, phénomène pouvant se traduire par une surutilisation des écrans et mener au développement d’une utilisation problématique d’Internet (UPI). Cette étude souhaite valider et définir ce qui pourrait constituer un épisode de binge Internet.

Méthode : L’étude est réalisée auprès de 93 jeunes adultes âgés de 17 à 25 ans. Leur niveau de sévérité d’UPI a été évalué à partir de l’Internet Addiction Test et d’une entrevue clinique basée sur la grille d’évaluation WebAdo. Pour évaluer la pertinence du binge, des analyses de ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) ont été effectuées à partir des scores de sévérité. Une analyse linéaire binominale et des tests-t indépendants ont également été conduits pour comparer l’importance des méfaits subis selon les participants ayant vécu ou non un épisode de binge.

Résultats : Les analyses de sensibilité et de spécificité indiquent qu’un épisode de binge Internet peut être défini par une utilisation consécutive de plus de 7,5 heures. Ce seuil représente le meilleur ratio pour distinguer les participants à faible risque, de ceux ayant une utilisation problématique d’intensité modérée à sévère. D’autre part, les personnes ayant fait un binge de 7,5 h+ ont rapporté vivre davantage de difficultés familiales, monétaires, physiques et personnelles. Enfin, les jeunes adultes présentant une comorbidité et le temps hebdomadaire passé sur les jeux vidéo ont contribué aux binges de 7,5 h+.

Discussion : En considérant des éléments objectifs, ce nouvel indicateur pourrait devenir un marqueur ou une recommandation à ne pas dépasser, favorisant le maintien d‘habitudes saine face aux écrans. Il pourrait également être intégré dans de futures évaluations pour cette problématique.
El derecho (de una hija) a la pereza. Una tentativa a la posibilidad de la inoperancia en la esfera de la reproducción social
Authors: García Díaz Lara
Published: December 2024

ResumenPensar la inoperancia en la esfera de la reproducción social implica el reconocimiento, la redistribución y la reducción del tiempo en el trabajo reproductivo no-remunerado. Sin embargo, la actual hegemonía familiar plantea problemas para cualquier propuesta de redistribución (Hester, 2017; Gleeson y Griffiths, 2023). Por ello, mediante este artículo, concretamente, discuto la necesidad de abolir el dispositivo disciplinario madre-hija. Propongo hacerlo mediante un ‘feminismo anti-social’ (Halberstam, 2017) que pregunta qué vínculo madre-hija sería necesario comprender en la potencial producción de una conciencia de insubordinación. De esta manera abro la posibilidad de un vínculo filial inoperante que encuentra en su fracaso su propio objetivo (Halberstam, 2017). Finalmente señalo la falta de un marco referencial en la producción cultural que rechace el vínculo filial madre-hija sin teñirse de una estética tenebrosa.
Palabras clave: rechazo; vínculo filial; reproducción social; feminismo anti-social; inoperancia.
AbstractThinking about inoperability in the sphere of social reproduction implies the recognition, redistribution, and reduction of time in non-remunerated reproductive work. However, the current family hegemony poses problems for any redistribution proposals (Hester, 2017; Gleeson and Griffiths, 2023). Thus, through this article, I specifically discuss the need to abolish the mother-daughter disciplinary device. I propose to do so through an ‘anti-social feminism’ (Halberstam, 2017) that asks what mother-daughter bond would need to be understood in the potential production of a consciousness of insubordination. In this way, I open the possibility of an inoperative filial bond that finds in its failure its own purpose (Halberstam, 2017). Finally, I point to the lack of a referential framework in cultural production that rejects the filial mother-daughter bond without becoming tinged with a shadowy aesthetic.
Keywords: rejection; filial bonding; social reproduction; anti-social feminism; inoperative.
Preservation of native languages of national minorities in a multinational region
Authors: Fatkhutdinova Aigul Ilyasovna
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the article is to reveal the factors influencing the preservation of the native language of national minorities in a multiethnic region. The object of the study is the non-Russian population of Bashkortostan, which, according to the 2020 census, is represented in the ethnic structure of the republic by Mari (84988 people) and Chuvash (79,950 people), Udmurts (17,149 people). Despite the dispersed settlement, the studied peoples live compactly in a number of areas and have their own linguistic area. Based on the analysis of regional ethnosociological experience, the article raises the problem of preserving the native languages of non-Russian ethnic groups of the republic. The results of a study on this issue among respondents of different age groups (18-65 years and older) from among national minorities, as well as the use of native languages (Mari, Chuvash, Udmurt) in family practice are considered.   The empirical basis of the article is based on data from the All-Russian Population Census in 2020 and an ethnosociological survey conducted in the republic in 2020 by the author of the publication among the Mari, Chuvash and Udmurt populations of the republic. It is concluded that the languages of non-Russian peoples are losing their main role in everyday life. In communication in all spheres, preference is given to Russian, which has conquered the ethnolanguage space of Bashkortostan. As a result, the respondents demonstrated, on the one hand, the primacy of the Russian language. On the other hand, they nevertheless expressed hope for the preservation of the national language of the Mari, Chuvash and Udmurt peoples of the republic in conditions of consistent generational connection and experience, through family language communication. A special contribution to the research of the topic is the identification of factors and trends in the formation of the linguistic competence of the studied peoples in the republic. According to the ethnosociological survey, it was found that Udmurts (93.8%), Mari (97.8%), Chuvash (92.6%) still have high recognition of their nationality as their native language, which, in turn, shows their level of ethnolanguage identity in Bashkortostan. The Chuvash, compared with representatives of other non-Russian ethnic groups, have a high proportion of people who speak Russian (99%). Consequently, the results of the sociological research show a high level of both linguistic competence and speech activity of the above-mentioned non-Russian peoples in the republic.
The current state and trends in the development of the legal foundations of international military cooperation between the Russian Federation and foreign states
Authors: Naumova Tat'yana YUr'evna
Published: December 2024

The topic of studying the legal foundations of the organization and implementation of international military cooperation between Russia and foreign states in the light of recent international events and the development of armed conflicts is becoming particularly relevant. The object of the study is the international legal framework for international military cooperation of the Russian Federation. The subject of the work is the knowledge of the current state and trends in the development of the legal foundations of international military cooperation between the Russian Federation and foreign states. The purpose of the article is to study the legal foundations of international military cooperation between the Russian Federation and foreign states in the domestic circuit. To conduct the research and comprehensively disclose its subject, the article uses systematic and integrated approaches, comparative legal and doctrinal principles of research, as well as current developments in the field of modern theory of military activity of the state. The research methods are modern techniques and methods of cognition of the phenomena of legal reality in their social, natural, value-semantic and meaningful determination (analysis, synthesis, deduction, generalization, classification).  The paper examines the essential aspects of the legal foundations and the importance of international military cooperation of the Russian Federation, gives a brief description of the military-political, military-technical and military-economic cooperation of the Russian Federation with foreign countries in the context of the functioning of new challenges and threats, as well as illegal sanctions pressure on the country. The main normative legal acts of the Russian Federation and law enforcement practice regulating the issues under consideration are presented. The position on the current state of international cooperation of the Russian Federation in the field of military education and military medicine is argued. The importance of developing modern and adequate approaches to the construction of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of planning, organization and implementation of international military cooperation in all its variety of types and forms is reflected.
Heavy metal content in agricultural soils around an industrial city and their remediation using legume and leafy plants
Authors: Tabassum Nourin , Singh Pramod Kumar
Published: December 2024

Concerns over food safety and possible health risks have made metal pollution in agricultural soils a growing problem. Plants can accumulate heavy and trace metals from various sources, although soil is considered a primary source. The main route by which heavy metals enter the human body is by consuming edible plant parts containing these metals, which may cause various diseases. Consuming plant parts that contain heavy metals, which can lead to a variety of ailments, is one of the main ways that these metals can get into the human body. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the phytoextraction potential of four plants-cowpea, moth bean, malabar spinach, and red amaranth, and look into the content of various metals in agricultural soil. The pot experiment was conducted for 12 weeks. Seven common heavy metals, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, were analyzed in the soil and plants. Plant samples were analyzed separately for their roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. The findings demonstrated that all metal concentrations in plants, with the exception of lead, were below the World Health Organization / Food and Agriculture Organization recommended level. All of the plants had Pb levels above allowable limits, which may be a possible carcinogen. Furthermore, Pb’s carcinogenic potential in all edible plant parts was above the USEPA’s recognized risk. Thus, the carcinogenic risk of Pb is a concern for the study area.
Identification, antimicrobial activity, and mycochemicals of Lentinus spp. cultivated in papaya peel medium
Authors: Maysaroh Alivia Nur , Witasari Lucia Dhiantika , Darmasiwi Sari
Published: December 2024

Lentinus spp. (Family Polyporaceae) are widely studied for their nutritional and medicinal properties; however, research on their cultivation outside their natural habitat is limited. This study aimed to identify and examine the mycochemical contents and bioactivity of Lentinus spp. cultivated in papaya peel medium. Two different species of Lentinus spp. were collected from Indonesia and subjected to morphological and molecular analyses. Mushroom mycelia were sub-cultured on potato dextrose agar and then cultivated on papaya peel at 25°C ± 2°C for 20 days. Ethanol extracts of the harvested mycelium were analyzed for their antimicrobial activities and mycochemicals using qualitative assays and GC-MS. Results identified these species as Lentinus squarrosulus (LSQ) and Lentinus sajor-caju (LSJ). Only LSQ showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919. Mycochemical analysis revealed that LSQ contained terpenoids, with hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (10.85%) and 9,12-octadecadienoyl chloride (10.82%) and maltol (8.73%) as its major compounds. This investigation revealed the possible antibacterial activity of LSQ against P. acnes, which was rarely documented.
Rearranging to resist cell death
Authors: Brokatzky Dominik , Mostowy Serge
Published: December 2024

Cytoskeleton rearrangements promote formation of a giant structure called a GUVac that stops cells from dying when they become detached from the extracellular matrix.
Characteristics, source apportionment and health risks of indoor and outdoor fine particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Jinan, North China
Authors: Gao Xiaomei , Wang Ziyi , Sun Xiaoyan , Gao Weidong , Jiang Wei , Wang Xi , Zhang Fenfen , Wang Xinfeng , Yang Lingxiao , Zhou Yang
Published: December 2024

To investigate the pollution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) indoors and outdoors and their influencing factors, PM2.5 samples were systematically collected from both environments in Jinan during the summer and autumn seasons. During the observation period, the concentration of ∑ 19PAHs was 18.57 ± 10.50 ng/m3 indoors and 23.79 ± 16.13 ng/m3 outdoors. Most PAHs exhibited indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratios less than 1, indicating that indoor PAHs were primarily derived from the infiltration of outdoor sources. Correlation analysis underscored the significant influence of temperature on both outdoor concentrations and I/O ratios of PAHs. By utilizing diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis (PCA), vehicle emissions were identified as the predominant source of outdoor PAHs. Our study found that the toxic equivalents of benzo[a]pyrene (TEQBaP) values exceeded the European Commission’s standard of 1 ng/m3, with indoor values at 2.78 ng/m3 and outdoor values at 3.57 ng/m3. Moreover, the total incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCRTotal) associated with exposure to PM2.5-bound PAHs surpassed the acceptable level of 10E-6, indicating potential adverse health effects. These results underscore the urgent necessity for more stringent regulatory measures to reduce PAH emissions. Additionally, our findings provide valuable insights into how environmental factors shape the relationship between indoor and outdoor PAHs.
QSAR, Pharmacophore and Molecular Docking Studies for the Design of Novel Arylamide-derived Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Niaré Adama , N’guessan Abadê Ange-Boris , Djako Akassa Marius Bernard , Dembélé Georges Stéphane , Koné Mamadou Guy-Richard , Yéo Yaya
Published: December 2024

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It remains a significant public health challenge worldwide. In 2022, approximately 10.6 million people were diagnosed with tuberculosis, and 1.3 million individuals lost their lives to the disease. This manuscript presents our research focused on designing new inhibitors for the enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This enzyme is vital as it plays a key role in the type II fatty acid biosynthesis pathway of M. tuberculosis. To conduct our study, we utilized computer simulations, specifically docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis on free molecules. We applied these methods to a series of arylamide-derived inhibitors, the efficacy of which was proposed by He et al. The results obtained from our docking and QSAR analyses confirm the robustness of the molecules identified by He et al., based on their experimental activities. Furthermore, the docking results facilitated the generation of a pharmacophore model, which was instrumental in designing a new inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis InhA. This new compound demonstrates enhanced activity compared to previously identified inhibitors. Such advancements could significantly contribute to the development of novel treatments for tuberculosis and help address this critical global health issue.
Histomorphological Assessment of Adrenal Glands in Wistar Rats Following Myricetin Treatment Against MNU-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Umoh Nsikak Michael , Odey Paul Anyiom , Nnenna Williams , Mba Eru Eru , Sadeyeng Anani , Oku Michael , Odom Emmanuel I. , Okon Arita , Ojibima Francis, Christabel
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of myricetin against oxidative stress induced by N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) in Wistar rats, emphasizing its impact on adrenal gland histomorphology and antioxidant enzyme activities.
Study Design: The study utilized a randomized controlled trial design with seven groups: normal control (Group A), MNU (Group B), MNU + Casodex (Group C), 100mg myricetin (Group D) and varying doses of myricetin (Groups E-F) administered to rats that had been subjected to MNU-induced oxidative stress.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at the University of Calabar between February 2024 and October 2024.
Method: A total of 42 male Wistar rats were used in this study. Oxidative stress was induced in the experimental groups through intraperitoneal administration of MNU (50 mg/kg). Following MNU exposure, varying doses of myricetin (75 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 300 mg/kg) were administered orally for three weeks. Biochemical assays measured antioxidant enzyme activities, namely Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx). Histological evaluations of adrenal glands were performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.
Results: Findings indicated that antioxidant and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdyhide) was significantly higher (p<0.05) after induction while (glutathione) also showed slight significant increase in the induction group when compared to normal control group. Results after treatment with myricetin showed significant reduction in oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase). Malondialdyhide showed statistically (p<0.05) significant difference in groups D & E. However, there was no statistically significant difference in glutathione level across the groups following treatment with doses of myricetin, but the group induced with 50mg of nitrosourea only showed a slightly increase in the mean expression of glutathione. Histopathological analysis revealed that myricetin treatment preserved the structural integrity of the adrenal glands, showcasing a dose-dependent restoration of normal architecture and improved vascular arrangement, particularly in the highest treatment group.
Conclusion: This study suggests that myricetin has promising therapeutic potential for protecting adrenal gland integrity from MNU-induced oxidative stress. The observed improvements in antioxidant enzyme activities and histological preservation underscore myricetin's role as a natural product for alleviating oxidative damage in endocrine dysfunction. These findings support the integration of myricetin into treatment strategies for conditions associated with oxidative stress, highlighting the importance of natural compounds in modern medicine.
Performance Evaluation of Green and Red Lasers in Long-Distance Optical Sensing Using Light Dependent Resistors
Authors: Khaire P. B. , Barai V. N. , Patwardhan M. S. , Nandgude S. B. , Atre A. A.
Published: December 2024

This study compares the performance of green (532 nm) and red (650 nm) lasers in optical sensing applications using Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs), focusing on their effectiveness for long-range light intensity detection in environments like bathymetry and surrogate sediment monitoring. The experiment measures resistance changes in LDRs exposed to both wavelengths at incremental distances (1m, 2m, 3m, 4m, and 5m) under controlled laboratory conditions. The key objective is to assess the spectral sensitivity and photoconductivity efficiency of the LDRs with each laser wavelength, providing insights into the optimal laser choice for long-distance sensing systems.
The results indicate that green lasers exhibit superior sensitivity compared to red lasers, as evidenced by consistently lower resistance values at all tested distances. This performance advantage is attributed to green light’s higher photon energy and reduced scattering and absorption losses in air and other media, which enhance electron excitation in the semiconductor material of the LDR. These findings align with previous studies suggesting that green light performs better in turbid media, such as sediment-laden water, where precise light transmission and detection are critical for accurate measurements.
This comparison is crucial for the design of optical systems used in environmental monitoring and water resource management, where accurate, long-distance light intensity detection is essential. The research highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate laser wavelength to improve the efficiency and reliability of optical sensing technologies, particularly in challenging aquatic environments. The study’s findings provide a foundation for the optimization and calibration of laser-based systems in applications like surrogate sediment monitoring and bathymetric mapping, where maintaining signal strength over long distances is vital. Future work could explore the impact of environmental factors on photodetector efficiency to further advance optical sensing technologies.
KI‑Compliance aus Betreibersicht
Authors: Dubovitskaya Elena
Published: December 2024

KI wird zunehmend Teil des unternehmerischen Alltags. In der Folge wird auch die Verflechtung zwischen Recht und KI immer enger; die neue KI‑Verordnung (KI‑VO) wird diese Entwicklung deutlich beschleunigen. Die Verordnung richtet sich primär an die Entwickler von KI‑Systemen („Anbieter“), erfasst jedoch auch die Betreiber, also Unternehmen, die ein fremdentwickeltes KI‑System in eigener Verantwortung nutzen. Welche Vorschriften der Verordnung sind für die Betreiber relevant? Welche anderen nationalen und europäischen Rechtsnormen sind beim Betrieb von KI‑Anwendungen zu beachten? Die Antwort kann je nach Branche (Bank- und Versicherungswesen, sonstige Dienstleistungen, Industrie, Warenhandel, Gesundheitswesen usw.) sehr unterschiedlich ausfallen. Es gibt jedoch einige allgemeine Anforderungen, die branchenübergreifend gelten. Dazu gehören neben den betreiberbezogenen Anforderungen der KI‑VO auch Vorgaben zur Erklärbarkeit von KI‑Entscheidungen unter bestimmten Umständen. Diesen beiden Themen - Betreiberpflichten nach KI‑VO und Erklärbarkeit - widmet sich der nachfolgende Beitrag, der abschließend auch kurz auf den Einsatz von KI in der Produktion eingeht.
Australian Mandatory AI Guardrails Proposed: — Drawing from the Canadian and European Experience
Authors: Zhang Jason
Published: December 2024

This article explores the key features of the recently introduced Mandatory Guardrails for regulating high-risk AI in Australia, including the scope of the Mandatory Guardrails, who will be required to comply with the Mandatory Guardrails and how the Mandatory Guardrails grapple with the definition of high-risk AI.