bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dimorphism in Autoimmune Disorders
Authors: PD Gupta
Published: May 2024

Sexual dimorphism exists in Homo sapiens in many systems. Lately, it was found that it also exists in autoimmune disorders. Generally, it was known that the two genders in humans have different endocrine systems, and therefore hormone hormone-regulated systems show sexual dimorphism. However, in the case of autoimmune disorders, it is not due to directly on hormonal milieu but depends on X-chromosome inactivation in males. Whereas every cell in a woman’s body produces Xist; this ribonucleoprotein contains about 81 proteins. This chromosomal inactivation in males and formation of Xist ribonucloprotein in females is responsible for sexual dimorphism in autoimmune disorders in humans.
Development and preliminary validation of a questionnaire for assessing fitness centers
Authors: Santos Michael
Published: May 2024

This manuscript comprehensively examines the development and preliminary validation of a questionnaire designed to assess fitness centers. The study aims to address existing gaps in the literature by providing a standardized tool for evaluating the quality of fitness facilities. The study aims to design, validate, and present a preliminary assessment instrument tailored specifically for fitness centers, encompassing various aspects such as program offerings, facility conditions, and staff competencies. The research methods involved the identification of key indicators affecting fitness center services, followed by the generation and validation of questionnaire items through a rigorous statistical analysis. The research subjects consisted of 119 fitness enthusiasts from Angeles City, Philippines, who actively participated in the validation process. The instruments used in data processing included Likert-style rating scales and statistical methods such as Point Biserial Correlation and t-tests. The analysis of data utilized in data processing led to the retention of 59 questionnaire items, demonstrating significant correlation coefficients. The study's results highlight the reliability and validity of the developed questionnaire as a valuable tool for assessing fitness centers, providing insights into client needs and areas for improvement. In conclusion, the preliminary validation of the questionnaire serves as a crucial step towards enhancing the quality and standards of fitness center services, benefiting both managers and regulatory authorities in ensuring the provision of safe and effective fitness facilities.
The effect of varied training methods with smaller class sizes on students' front crawl swimming skills
Authors: Arifin Z , Mulyana Boyke , Sutresna Nina , Subarjah Herman , Wahyudin Pratama Kukuh
Published: May 2024

However, the swimming learning process sometimes generalizes these abilities. The purpose of this study was to reveal the effect of varied training methods with smaller class sizes on students' front crawl swimming skills. The research used an experiment with a one-group pre-test-post-test design. The study population was 93 students, they take swimming lessons at the Sports Education Study Program, Garut University the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The sample that reached the criteria was 22 students. The research instrument used a front crawl swimming skills test. Research procedure - giving treatment with varied methods with smaller class sizes. The data analysis technique uses Paired Sample t Test. Treatment with varied lesson delivery with smaller class sizes obtained sig values. (2-tailed) of 0.000. Based on the results of the research, findings revealed the value of sig. (2-tailed) obtained is 0.000. The score was lower than 0.05, so it was concluded that the method's effect varied with smaller class sizes on students' swimming skills on the front crawling swimming skills. The conclusion of this study is that using classroom settings and methods can affect swimming skills and front crawling style.
Fanatical Behaviors of Jakmania Supporters In The Ages of 10 – 12 Years Old in Sawangan
Authors: Imawati Sri , Aditya Aditya , Yusuf Nidar
Published: May 2024

This research was aimed to find out the fanatical behavior of Persija supporters in the ages between 10 – 12 years old in the area of Sawangan, Depok. This was a qualitative study with qualitative descriptive research design. The sample of the study were 4 children in the ages between 10 – 12 and sub area coordinator of Sawangan. The data were collected by observation, interview, documentation and field note. The data were analyzed through data collection, data reduction, data description and verification or conclusion. The results of the research found that the children in the ages between 10 – 12 already had the senses to like something. Thus, these children still needed guidance from their parents in order to avoid any negative bahaviors. The nearest persons also had big influences to teach or tell these children about what was good to be imitated and what was not since these children were very easy to imitate something that they were seen or heard, unless these children might have anarchist behaviors
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Inquiri Dengan Konsep Analogi Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika Materi Gerak Lurus Beraturan Dan Gerak Melingkar Beraturan
Authors: Sitania Dano Samdan , Huliselan Estevanus Kristian , Malawau Seska
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to improve learning outcomes using the Inquiry learning model and Analogy Concept on Uniform Linear Motion and Uniform Circular Motion in students of SMA Negeri 4 Leihitu, Central Maluku Regency. The type of research is descriptive quantitative with one group pre-test post-test design. Analysis average normalized gain based on the initial and final test scores. The initial test results showed that all students (100%) were in the failed qualification. The lowest student achievement score is 2.63, and the highest is 18.42, with an average of 10.23. This condition indicates that students do not yet have the initial ability on Uniform Linear Motion and Uniform Circular Motion substance. After applying the Inquiry learning model and Analogy Concept in the teaching and learning process, the average score of the students' final test results was 89.18, which was in suitable qualification with the lowest score of 71.05 and the highest 97.37. Based on the average normalized gain analysis, the average normalized gain obtained 0.88, which is in the high category. This study indicates that the Inquiry learning model makes students more active in exploring knowledge to get information to solve problems given by educators so that students' memory of the substance is longer. In addition, teachers succeeded in instilling Uniform Linear Motion as the base domain, making it easier for students to understand Uniform Circular Motion as the target domain. Proves that using the Inquiry learning model with the Analogy Concept can change the activity and increase students' knowledge towards a better direction.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Pedagogik Mahasiswa Dalam Pengembangan Indikator, Tujuan Pembelajaran, Dan Instrumen Tes Berbasis Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (High Order Thinking Skills)
Authors: Esomar Ketarina , Nirahua Juliana , Pulu Sri Rahmadani
Published: May 2024

One of the profiles of graduates of the Unpatti FKIP Physics Education Study Program is to become a professional physics teacher. In line with that, one of the skills that must be possessed by a professional physics teacher is the ability to plan, design, and implement lesson plans, as well as evaluate learning processes and outcomes by applying logical, critical, systematic, and innovative thinking. Logical, critical, systematic, and innovative thinking in Bloom's taxonomy are the ability of higher order thinking skills (HOTS). The purpose of this study is to improve students' pedagogic competence in developing indicators, learning objectives, and HOTS-based test instruments. This type of research is Pre-Experimental Design in the One Group Pretest-post test design category, applied to 50 students of the Physics Education Study Program FKIP Unpatti in the fifth semester of the 2020-2021 academic year. Research data obtained through tests, performance, and non-test, processed descriptively using the normalized score gain formula.  The average result of the increase is in the high category g = 0,76 ≥ 0,7. These results illustrate that there has been an increase in students' abilities in developing indicators, learning objectives, and developing HOTS-based test instruments. Development of indicators, learning objectives, test instruments and mastery of HOTS knowledge as part of the preparation of lesson plans and assessment of learning outcomes, taught as knowledge and strengthened in practice. In the exercise students are given the opportunity to identify forms of behaviour that can be observed, and measured at each level of cognition according to Bloom's taxonomy revised as a feature of HOTS, which are analysing, evaluating, and creating. In conclusion, increasing student pedagogic competence can be obtained through consistent mastery of knowledge and practice.
Penggunaan Metode Inkuiri Terbimbing Dalam Pengembangan LKS Fisika SMP Kelas VIII Pada Materi Getaran Dan Gelombang
Authors: Katayane Tetrin , Malawau Seska , Latununuwe Altje , Sabandar Vederico Pitsalitz
Published: May 2024

The research aimed to produce a physics student worksheet (LKS) on vibrations and waves using guided inquiry-based methods. The research conducted refers to the modification of the LKS development model using the 4-D model. Respondents as test subjects in this study consisted of 9 students in class VIII1 on a small scale and 22 students in class VIII3 on a large scale. Based on the results of the research conducted, the eligibility validation results for the LKS were classified as very feasible with an average score of 3.7%, and could be used as a study guide. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis of the legibility of worksheets, both on small-scale and large-scale trials, were classified as high criteria or easily understood by students with an average percentage of acquisition scores on a small scale of 63% and a large scale of 67%. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of student responses to the development of LKS used during the learning process both on a small scale and on a large scale are in very good qualifications with an average acquisition score on a small scale of 92.45% and a large scale of 94.61%. The results of this study indicate that the development of worksheets based on the guided inquiry learning model can make students more active in obtaining information to solve problems given by the teacher so that vibration and wave material can be understood properly.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kognitif Materi Kalor Peserta Didik Kelas XI Melalui Implementasi Media Multi Representasi Berbasis Instagram
Authors: Darwis Dian Tari , Tamaela Elsina Sarah , Limba Anastasija , Sabandar Vederico Pitsalitz
Published: May 2024

One of the learning strategies that can be applied using the e-Learning approaches in physics learning is multi-representational learning by utilizing Instagram social media Instagram is a digital social media platform it many attractive features and designs that can help display and share certain videos and photos. Using Instagram in this research is used as a learning resource in the network. Therefore, the research conducted aims to improve students' cognitive abilities on heat material through Instagram-based multi-representational media. The population in this study were students of XI MIA class at SMA Negeri 7 Ambon, consisting of 45 students. The sample in this study was class XI MIA 2, totaling 22 people obtained using a random sampling technique. Results of research on the initial abilities of students are below the minimum completeness criteria with an average value of 28.90, where 22 (100%) students are in failed the qualification. Then, after being given treatment in the teaching and learning process taking place, an increase was obtained in the final test results with an average value of 80,83. Apart from these results, it is also proven through the N-Gain test where students experience an increase with an average of 0,73 and are included in high qualifications. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the learning process by utilizing Instagram-based multi-representational media can improve students' cognitive abilities on heat material.
Peningkatan Penguasaan Konsep Usaha Dan Energi Menggunakan Model Flipped Classroom Berbantuan Video Youtube
Authors: Lulang Irma Yani , Latununuwe Altje , Malawau Seska , Sabandar Vederico Pitsalitz , Esomar Ketarina
Published: May 2024

Research has been successfully carried out using the flipped classroom model assisted by YouTube videos on the concepts of work and energy. This study aims to determine the increasing mastery of the concept. The research sample was class X MIA6 SMA Negeri 11 Ambon, even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year, which consisted of 32 students. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Increased mastery of students' concepts in the high category 96.875% of students and 3.125% of students in the medium category. The average increase in N Gain is 0.80 or in the high category.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelaksanaan Program Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran Terhadap Peningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru Fisika Tingkat SMA
Authors: Sari Nurmala , Purbani Widsyastuti
Published: May 2024

The aim of the research is to determine the influence of the quality of the implementation of the subject teacher deliberation program on increasing the professional competence of physics teachers at the high school level in Aceh Jaya Regency. The method used in this research is a sequential explanatory design (QUAN-qual). Quantitative research methods use survey methods with ex post facto research. Qualitatively using the phenomenographic method through observation, interview and documentation techniques. The sampling technique was carried out by random sampling, specializing in 40 physics education teachers at the high school level. The instruments used were questionnaires and interview guidelines. The data analysis technique uses a simple linear regression test and hypothesis testing assisted by the SPSS version-22 application. The research results show that there is an influence on the quality of the implementation of the MGMP program on increasing the professional competence of high school physics teachers in Aceh Jaya Regency. The test results prove that tcount > ttable or 7.265 > 2.024, then the significance value is 0.000 < 0.05. The results of the interview show that this MGMP activity is able to improve teachers' professional competence, because MGMP is a forum for communication between fellow physics teachers in solving learning problems, both regarding media, methods and learning models that are suitable for the problems experienced by the teacher.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving Untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Materi Kalor Dan Perpindahan Pada Peserta Didik Kelas VII SMP 6 Inamosol Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat
Authors: Wiratraur Fanli , Huliselan Estevanus Kristian , Esomar Ketarina
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine how applying problem-solving-based learning models improves the understanding of mastery of heat and its transfer material in 7th-grade students of SMP 6 Inamosol, West Seram Regency. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research with a one-group pretest-posttest design. This research data was analyzed based on acquiring initial and final test scores and increasing mastery of material using the average normalized gain. The data analysis showed that all students' initial material mastery ability was in the failed qualification (100%), with an average score of 21,19. This situation shows the low ability of students' initial knowledge of heat and transfer material. After applying the problem-solving learning model, students obtained an average final test score of 85.08 with good qualifications. The average value of the N-Gain test results obtained 0,82 is in high qualification. Thus, applying the problem-solving learning model can improve the knowledge of 7th-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Inamosol, West Seram Regency, on the material of heat and its transfer.
Analysis of Male and Female Language Features of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Novel
Authors: Zahra Adzkia Nafida , Prihhartini Sya’baningrum
Published: May 2024

Gender differences can affect the use of language and socially divide it into male and female language. This study aims to analyze female and male language features spoken by male and female characters in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire novel and the social contexts that causes differences in language use in that fictional story using Coates’s (2016)  theory of language features and Holmes’s (2013) theory of language and social context. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used through two stages to collect and analyze data; quantitative and qualitative. The results show that the dominant female language feature is hedge while the male ones are command and directives. However, there are cross-gender, or shared language features in both male and female languages: hedges, tag questions and questions found in male language features; and commands, directives, swearing and taboo language found in female language features. The results indicate that the use of cross-gender language features can be caused by the social context during the conversation. Those social contexts are social distance, status, formality and functionality.
Bridging gaps: improving the access of primary health care in rural Ukraine through mobile health units
Authors: Suzyma V.V. , Yurochko T.P.
Published: May 2024

Rural healthcare is an integral part of the Ukrainian healthcare system. However, access to healthcare for the rural population is uneven due to poor development of medical infrastructure and staffing. The problem of access to medical care in rural areas has been exacerbated by the full-scale war.The objective: to study and analyze the current state of accessibility of primary health care in rural areas in Ukraine, followed by a discussion of promising areas for the introduction of mobile health units as a tool for implementing the “Medical Guarantees” program in hard-to-reach regions of Ukraine.Materials and methods. The study included data from official statistical reports, regulatory documents and scientific sources. The methodology includes bibliosemantic, medical and statistical methods and the method of structural logical analysis.Results. It has been established that the low level of access to primary health care for the rural population of Ukraine has been significantly exacerbated by the devastating impact of the war on medical and transport infrastructure, especially in the frontline and recently de-occupied rural areas, and by migration processes. The situation is complicated by the fact that most patients in rural areas are elderly people who are physically unable to use public transportation, even if it is available. The analysis of international practice has shown that mobile health units can be introduced into the public healthcare system as a temporary measure to meet the urgent needs of the Ukrainian population, especially in rural areas. Integration of mobile health units into the state program “Medical Guarantees” can effectively address the urgent health care needs to increase access to health care for the rural population of Ukraine. State regulation of the division of these units will eliminate problems such as duplication and uneven service delivery and will create a transparent system of remuneration for the staff included in these units.Conclusions. The results of the study suggest that the practice of mobile medical units should be introduced as a tool for implementing the “Medical Guarantees” program for regions/locations of Ukraine with low access to medical infrastructure, namely remote rural areas and areas that have been devastated by the war. Mobile medical units will ensure the stability of access to primary health care services and contribute to improving the health of the population.
The Role of Resilience as Mediation in Burnout Work Environment on the Performance of RSUD Sidoarjo Employees in the Era of the Pandemic Covid 19
Authors: Wasis Nupikso  , Indasah  , Katmini
Published: May 2024

Background: The influence of resilience on burnout is so important for hospital staff to stay focused when providing services to patients, making researchers want to see how much influence resilience has on burnout work environment on employee performance.
Purpose: To analyze the influence of the Role of Resilience as Mediation in the Burnout Work Environment on the Performance of RSUD Sidoarjo Employees in the Covid 19 Covid-pandemic era.
Method: The research method used is cross-sectional analytic research. The population is 1,745 people who work at the Sidoarjo Regional General Hospital with proportional random sampling, the sample obtained is 326 employees. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire. The data analysis used is path analysis.
Results: The research results show that indirectly physical work environment variables through resilience do not significantly affect performance (0.173 > 0.163). For physical variables resilience does not significantly affect performance (0.008 > -0.022). Psychological variables through resilience do not significantly affect performance (-0.017 > -0.074). Then the behavioral variable through resilience does not significantly affect performance (-0.055 > -0.253).
Conclusion: No there is a role of resilience in overcoming burnout work environment on performance. Resilience indirectly through physical, psychological, and behavior in the work environment has a significant effect on performance.
Application the Cognitive-Behavioral Model of Relapse in Preventing Bipolar Relapse at RSI. Madinah Tulungagung
Authors: Agustin Widyowati  , Katmini  , Predito Prihantoro
Published: May 2024

Background: Mental health has a low early mortality rate, but contributes the most to disability and recurrence is an indicator of successful treatment of mental disorders, including bipolar. Bipolar relapse is caused by many factors or high-risk situations.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of bipolar relapse from a cognitive-behavioral model of relapse.
Method: This research was conducted at Islamic Hospital of Madinah Tulungagung used a correlational design with a cross sectional approach to 108 respondents who were taken using a simple random sampling technique. The exogenous variables were genetics, age of onset, gender, occupation, marriage, family support, social capital, stigma, self-efficacy, motivation, medication adherence and the endogenous variable was bipolar relapse, using a questionnaire and analyzed path analysis.
Results: Genetics, occupation, social capital, self-efficacy, motivation, medication adherence, community stigma and family support have a direct effect on bipolar relapse with a p-value <0.05. Community stigma has an indirect effect on bipolar relapse through medication adherence with a path coefficient (b) of 11.35. Family support has an indirect effect on bipolar relapse through medication adherence (b = 8.9), motivation (b = 11.89) and self-efficacy (b = 18.26). The most effective way to prevent bipolar relapse is family support which has an indirect effect on bipolar relapse through self-efficacy.
Conclusion: Family support is expected to increase self-efficacy so that it is effective in preventing bipolar relapse.
Analysis of factors influencing community's role in efforts to prevent DHF in Tinalan Village Kediri city
Authors: Maria Nubatonis  , Indasah  , Rahmania Ambarika
Published: May 2024

Latar Belakang : Minimnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD dikarenakan kurangnya dukungan dari petugas kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat dan motivasi masyarakat dalam memutus mata rantai penularan DBD. masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit DBD di Kelurahan Tinalan Kota Kediri. 
Metode : Desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Responden diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Jumlah populasi 2.164 dengan sampel 120 orang. Variabel bebasnya adalah dukungan petugas kesehatan, dukungan tokoh masyarakat, motivasi masyarakat dan variabel terikatnya adalah peran masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan DBD. Hasil uji statistik menggunakan regresi ordinal. 
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dukungan tenaga kesehatan diketahui sebanyak 99 (82%) dalam kategori baik. Dukungan dari tokoh masyarakat diketahui sebanyak 90 (75%) dalam kategori baik. Motivasi masyarakat diketahui sebanyak 85 (71%) dalam kategori tinggi. Peran masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan DBD diketahui sebanyak 92 (77%) dalam kategori baik. 
Analisis : Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa variabel dukungan tenaga kesehatan memiliki tingkat signifikansi 0,000 < ? = 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, variabel dukungan tokoh masyarakat memiliki tingkat signifikansi 0,000 < ? = 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, variabel motivasi masyarakat memiliki tingkat signifikansi 0,000 < ? = 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. 
Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa faktor dukungan petugas kesehatan, dukungan tokoh masyarakat, motivasi masyarakat berpengaruh terhadap peran masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan DBD. Disarankan agar masyarakat selalu menjaga kebersihan di dalam dan di luar rumah serta melakukan gerakan 3M sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit demam berdarah.
The Effect of Giving Water Extract Boiled Beluntas Leaves on the Prevention of Vaginal Discharge in S1 Public Health Students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences
Authors: Eri Puji Kumalasari  , Devy Putri Nursanti  , Enjeles Sri Purnama Zet
Published: May 2024

Background: The high rate of vaginal discharge in women is caused by infection of various fungi in the vagina by bacteria Thricmonas vaginalis and candida albicans. Excessive and abnormal vaginal discharge can be an early symptom of cervical cancer that can lead to death in women.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving water extract of boiled beluntas leaves on the prevention of vaginal discharge in S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences.
Methods: This study used a pre-experimental method with a type of research one group pre test post test. The population in this study was all S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences and sampling using the simple random sampling method with a total of 84 respondents. Data analysis techniques used to test hypotheses are the Wilcoxon Test and data collection using questionnaires.
Results: Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test shows that the significance level is 0.000< α = 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted which means that there is an effect of giving beluntas leaf boiled water extract on the prevention of leucorrhoea in S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences.
Conclusion: It is expected that female students who experience vaginal discharge can apply water extract of beluntas leaf decoction as a non-pharmacological drug that can be used if experiencing vaginal discharge.
The Effectiveness of Discharge Planning Implementation on the Quality of Life of Post Opname Patients with Heart Failure at Hospital
Authors: Aprin Rusmawati  , Alfian Fawzi  , Nisa Himmatul Faizah
Published: May 2024

Background: Heart failure is a disease with a high rehospitalization rate due to patients not fulfilling recommended therapy, for example, breaking a diet, doing excessive physical activity and lack of understanding during discharge planning. This causes a decrease in the quality of life after patient is discharged.
Purpose: This research aims to determine the effectiveness of discharge planning implemention on the quality of life of post-opname patients with heart failure at Bhayangkara Hospital, Kediri City.
Method: The type of research used is quantitative research with a descriptive cross-sectional study design. The number of samples in this study were 31 respondents with accidental sampling technique.
Results: The results of the non-parametric Spearman rank correlation test analysis obtained a value of p = 0.022 (p <0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.411 which is moderate and has a positive direction. This shows that there is a positive relationship between the effectiveness of implementing Discharge Planning on the quality of life of post-hospitalized patients with heart failure at Bhayangkara Hospital, Kediri City.
Conclusion: Discharge Planning given to patients with heart failure at Bhayangkara Hospital, Kediri City is not yet effective and needs to be improved. However, the majority of respondents have a good quality of life where respondents experience an increase in socialization, psychology, but still experience physical discomfort.
Analysis of Nurses Knowledge and Motivation for the Implementation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at Kaimana Hospital
Authors: Rahmania Ambarika  , Nency Natalia Tho  , Novita Ana Anggraini
Published: May 2024

Background: In carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation actions, compression accuracy and compression speed are required to be correct and appropriate in order to create a quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation series. Therefore, nurses' knowledge and motivation are needed in carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Purpose: This research aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, motivation and accuracy in carrying out cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Method: This research uses a descriptive correlation research design with a cross sectional approach. With a purposive sampling technique, a sample of 49 respondents was obtained, the independent variables were knowledge and motivation, the dependent variable was cardiopulmonary resuscitation, using a questionnaire and observation sheet. The chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the two variables.
Results: The results of research from 49 respondents showed that the majority of respondents had moderate knowledge of 73.5%, moderate motivation of 59.2% and inappropriate RJP actions of 85.7%. Analysis using the chi-square statistical test on knowledge and motivation towards the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation resulted in p = 0.000 ˂ 0.05, which means there is a relationship between knowledge and motivation towards the implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation measures.
Conclusion: Knowledge has more influence on the implementation of RJP when compared to motivation, but in reality the level of knowledge is mostly in the medium category so it has an impact on the quality of RJP actions. The results will greatly influence health services to patients. Therefore, it must be supported by continuous learning or training in RJP techniques.
Snake Bite Health Education on Community and Pre Hospital Handling
Authors: Yuly Peristiowati  , Novita Ana Anggraini  , Dedy Mochtar Setiaji  , Hariyono
Published: May 2024

Background: Snake bites are one of the most common health problems in tropical and subtropical countries. WHO has included snakebite in the list of neglected tropical diseases. The majority of Indonesians work in agriculture and are at high risk of being bitten by snakes. Pre-hospital handling of snakebites according to WHO recommendations by immobilizing using bandages and splints on the part affected by the snakebite then immediately refer to the nearest health service center.Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of snakebite health education on people's knowledge and behavior about handling snakebites before going to the hospital in Wungu Village, Wungu District, Madiun Regency.Method: The research design is quasi-experimental with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The population is the entire community of Wungu Village, Wungu District, Madiun Regency with a sample of 100 respondents by random sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire analyzed with the Wilcoxon test.Results: The results of the research on community knowledge and behavior before being given health education were 44 people (88%) less knowledgeable and 39 people (78%), after being given health education, more than half of the respondents had good knowledge, namely 26 people (52% ) and many changes from good behavior as many as 29 people (58%).Conclusion: There is an effect of health education on people's knowledge and behavior about handling snake bites before going to the hospital with p = 0.000 <0.05.
La influencia predominante de las plataformas en línea y la responsabilidad contractual por los bienes y servicios subyacentes
Authors: Bech Serrat Josep Maria
Published: May 2024

La responsabilidad contractual de las plataformas en línea está siendo objeto de un intenso debate. Los operadores normalmente actúan como meros intermediarios y así suelen revelarlo con arreglo al art. 97 bis TRLGDCU, apartado 1, letra d), mientras que una corriente de opinión pretende hacerlos responder por los bienes y servicios subyacentes a partir de la influencia predominante que ejercen sobre los proveedores. El criterio tiene su origen en la jurisprudencia elaborada por el TJUE a propósito de los prestadores de servicios de la sociedad de la información. A falta de una regulación específica en la Unión Europea, el art. 20 de las Reglas modelo sobre intermediación en línea publicadas por el European Law Institute (ELI) constituye un hito importante en el debate. Este artículo se muestra partidario de acudir al Derecho de contratos. A este respecto primero aborda el principio de relatividad de los contratos y tantea si cabe incluir el contrato celebrado entre los dos grupos de usuarios, proveedores y clientes, entre las excepciones a la regla del art. 1257 I CC realizadas por la doctrina jurisprudencial del Tribunal Supremo español con respecto a otros contratos y actividades económicas. A continuación, contrapone una responsabilidad por los bienes y servicios basada en la influencia predominante de las plataformas sobre los proveedores con la posibilidad de «levantar el velo» a partir de una distribución contractual de oportunidades y riesgos.
El uso secundario de datos de salud electrónicos
Authors: Recuero Mikel
Published: May 2024

La creación del Espacio Europeo de Datos de Salud por medio de la aprobación de su correspondiente Reglamento (REEDS) pretende erigirse como un importante hito para superar la fragmentación normativa existente, establecer mecanismos de gobernanza comunes y, en suma, impulsar la reutilización de datos de salud en beneficio de la sociedad y del interés general. El presente artículo tiene por objeto examinar el régimen propuesto para el uso secundario de datos de salud electrónicos, sus carencias y virtudes y su compleja integración e interacción con la normativa europea de protección de datos de carácter personal, en particular, el Reglamento General de Protección de Datos (RGPD).
Who is your biggest critic? Cultural variation in moral judgements of the self and others
Authors: Salvador Cristina , White Cindel , Ai Ting
Published: May 2024

People are motivated to punish others who commit immoral actions when they believe the person willingly committed such an act. Compared to European American individuals, East Asian individuals are more punitive of wrongdoings, yet are less likely to attribute actions to the person. Here, we drew on research in cultural psychology to test the prediction that Chinese individuals are more punitive in part because they are more self-critical than European American individuals. This prediction would imply that cultural differences in punishment are most pronounced in judgements of oneself (vs. other) and largely driven by a difference in self-enhancement motives. To test this prediction, we conducted two studies, where 1563 participants imagined immoral (vs. moral) actions performed by themselves or others. We then measured self-enhancement (how much participants perceived the immoral act impacts self-esteem) and attributions (how much participants perceived the immoral act is due to the person). As predicted, Chinese individuals punished immoral behavior more than European American individuals, which was explained by Chinese individuals being less self-enhancing, as indicated by a greater perception that immoral actions will negatively impact their self-esteem. Dispositional attributions predicted punishment regardless of culture. This work highlights how cultural differences in self-enhancement are key to understanding moral judgments and their cultural variation.
Neurodivergent Pupils’ Experiences of School Distress and Attendance Difficulties
Authors: Fielding Chloe , Streeter Alice , Riby Deborah M , Hanley Mary
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The UK has an attendance crisis in mainstream schools and evidence suggests that it disproportionately impacts neurodivergent pupils. Research on school distress and attendance has predominantly consulted parents and teachers and neglected the voice of the pupils. Methods: This qualitative, online interview study involved neurodivergent adolescents (n=30; 11-16 years), who were currently experiencing school distress and attendance difficulties, to ask how and why neurodivergent pupils they experience school distress and attendance difficulties. Results: Using thematic analysis, the interviews highlighted that there was significant variability in lived experiences, but multiple factors such as sensory differences, uncertainty at school, social challenges, poor neurodiversity understanding, and a lack of an alternative, commonly coalesced to create distress. The wide-ranging impacts of school distress extended far beyond challenges attending school. The young people did not feel that the current education system met their needs. Conclusion: The research provides first-hand insights into school distress and attendance difficulties from young people who are experiencing these real-world issues. The results contribute to considering how best to approach the current UK school attendance crisis in mainstream schools that is disproportionately impacting neurodivergent pupils.
Number Attraction in Pronoun Production
Authors: Kandel Margaret , Wyatt Cassidy , Phillips Colin
Published: May 2024

Pronoun production involves at least two processes: (i) deciding to refer to a referent with a pronoun instead of a full NP and (ii) determining the pronoun’s form. In the present study, we assess whether the second of these processes occurs as a by-product of the first process — namely, does accessing the message-level representation of the referent provide access to the features required to determine pronoun form, meaning that pronouns should be robust to errors, or are pronoun features determined through an agreement operation with the antecedent, in which case they may be susceptible to agreement attraction, similar to subject–verb agreement. Prior lab experiments suggest that pronouns display number attraction at a similar rate to verbs. However, in contrast to verb attraction errors, there is no documentation of systematic pronoun attraction errors in corpora of natural speech. Our study builds upon prior lab work by eliciting pronoun sentences using a scene description paradigm that engages the pronominalization processes involved in natural speech. Across three experiments, we observed small but reliable number attraction effects for pronouns, suggesting that pronoun form is not always determined from the message-level representation of the referent. The elicited error rates were smaller than those previously observed for verbs in a similar scene-description paradigm; this smaller error rate helps to reconcile the apparent discrepancy between pronoun number attraction error rates observed in and outside the lab. The results suggest that pronoun form is determined (at least at times) through an agreement process referencing the features of the linguistic antecedent.
Maximizing the performance accuracy of microwave photonic transversal signal processors based on microcombs
Authors: Moss David
Published: May 2024

We experimentally implement microcomb-based microwave photonic transversal signal processors and test their accuracy for differentiation, integration, and Hilbert transform. A global picture quantifying the impact of different error sources on the overall performance is provided.
Shakespeare in Nikolai Popov’s theatrical life
Authors: Zhatkin Dmitry , Serdechnaya Vera
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the report of the famous director Nikolai Popov (1871 – 1949) at the All-Russian Theatrical Society about his work with Shakespeare’s plays. Popov staged ten plays by Shakespeare. The authors analyze the playwright's work interpretation in the director's experience.
Adversarial vulnerability following LLM low-resource language fine-tuning: Short report
Authors: Azizy Afrizal Hasbi , Cahyanto Nuel Bagus
Published: May 2024

We briefly report how fine-tuning a multilingual LLM with a low-resource language resulted in an increased vulnerability to adversarial attacks. We fine-tuned GPT-3.5 Turbo (gpt-3.5-0125) with 560 input-output pairs (~274k tokens) of Krama Javanese, a high register of Javanese (a low-resource language). We report brief qualitative and quantitative observations that 1. The fine-tuned model is more compliant towards adversarial prompts, 2. Unsuccessful prompts can be successful when concatenated with an elaboration string, e.g., step-by-step prompting or by specifying details, 3. The model can be prompted in the fine-tuned language to respond in English, thus providing a way to produce harmful responses in a different language. The fine-tuned model sees a 45.1% increase of GPT-4-rated sum of harmfulness for Krama Javanese responses and a 13.8% increase for English responses. Notably, all of these vulnerabilities can be reached very effectively with the benign nature and our small dataset size. Our work contributes knowledge in the intersection of AI safety and multilingual models, indicating that fine-tuning an LLM on a low-resource language should include additional data examples for retaining safety guardrails.
Technologies for Evaluation of Pelvic Floor Functionality: A Systematic Review
Authors: Förstl Nikolas , Adler Ina , Süß Franz , Dendorfer Sebastian
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Pelvic floor dysfunction is a common problem in women and has a negative impact ontheir quality of life. The aim of this review was to provide a general overview of the current state oftechnology used to assess pelvic floor functionality. It also provides literature research of the phys-iological and anatomical factors that correlate with pelvic floor health. The systematic review wasconducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library andIEEE databases were searched for publications on sensor technology for the assessment of pelvicfloor functionality. Anatomical and physiological parameters were identified through a manualsearch. In the systematic review 115 publications were included. 12 different sensor technologieswere identified. Information on the obtained parameters, sensor position, test activities and subjectcharacteristics were prepared in tabular form from each publication. 16 anatomical and physiologi- cal parameters influencing pelvic floor health were identified in 17 published studies and rankedfor their statistical significance. Taken together, this review could serve as a basis for the develop-ment of novel sensors which could allow for quantifiable prevention and diagnosis, as well as par-ticularized documentation of rehabilitation processes related to pelvic floor dysfunctions.
Mental disorders and having a first child among young adults in Finland
Authors: Golovina Kateryna , Niemi Ripsa , Gutvilig Mai , Jokela Markus , Elovainio Marko , Hakulinen Christian
Published: May 2024

Background: Fertility rates have declined during the 2010s in many high-income countries, with a strong decrease in Finland. Mental disorders might contribute to this decline, given that they became a major cause of work disability in Finland. We examined associations between broad and specific categories of mental disorders and the likelihood of having a first child among young people, and the role of partnership status in these associations. Methods: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study including all men and women born in 1980-1995 in Finland (n = 1,210,662). Exposures were mental disorders with ICD-10 subchapter F-diagnosis, and outcome was time to first childbirth. Results: The diagnosis of almost any mental disorder was associated with a lower likelihood of having a first child among men and women, with schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities having the strongest associations. People with substance use, childhood onset, anxiety, or any mental disorders had a higher rate of having a first child by age 25 than people without these diagnoses; by age 30-35 these associations became negative. People with mental disorders were also less likely to cohabit. Among those who never cohabited, women with substance use disorders or childhood onset disorders were more likely to have a first child compared to women without these disorders. Conclusions: Almost all mental disorders were associated with a lower rate of having a first child, especially among men. These findings imply that well-functioning mental health services are important also from a fertility perspective, which should be considered by policy makers.
Differential effects of everyday-life social support on chronic pain
Authors: Weiß Martin , Jachnik Annalena , Lampe Emilia Caya , Gründahl Marthe , Harnik Michael , Sommer Claudia , Rittner Heike Lydia , Hein Grit
Published: May 2024

Background: Social support is widely believed to positively influence pain symptoms, their intensity, and the ability to cope and influence pain. Social support is a multidimensional construct encompassing emotional support as well as pain-focused care and attention, also known as solicitous support. On the other hand, social support can be negative if it conflicts with the patient’s needs or even causes discomfort. How different types of social support influence pain is not very well understood especially because most of the present research originates from laboratory studies, raising uncertainties about its generalizability to everyday life of individuals with chronic pain. Methods: Here, we tested the effects of emotional, solicitous, and negative social support on pain intensity in everyday life. We collected data from 20 patients with acute complex regional pain syndrome using a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment with up to 30 survey prompts over a period of five consecutive days. Results: Our results showed that solicitous social support deceased pain, in particular in male patients. Emotional support was only beneficial on pain levels in women but not men. Conclusions: Together, these findings highlight the differential effects of every-day life social support on chronic pain.
ECVP 2023: Is visual angle equal to retinal angle?
Authors: Strasburger Hans , Simpson Michael J
Published: May 2024

In visual psychophysics and perception research, visual angle is commonly assumed to be the same as retinal angle, based on familiar drawings of chief rays as straight direction lines that pass through a single point in the eye. The concept dates back to Alfred Wilhelm Volkmann’s treatise in 1836 and it has persisted because, for small angles, it is correct for nodal rays, and for large angles it is also correct if the lines are conceived of as directions rather than light rays, since actual rays are refracted at the cornea and lens. Direction lines need not pass through the pupil and cross the optical axis right behind the eye’s lens. The concept works very precisely for angles up to 60 deg of visual angle, and with modest adjustment to beyond 100 deg (i.e., with light coming slightly from behind).