bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemic and labor growth factors
Authors: Gridasova Victoria V. , Matersheva Vera V.
Published: May 2021

Importance. Labor productivity has become a very important concern for all economies focusing development through manufacturing. Russian scientists have already investigated this problem in sufficient detail. The present paper captures the idea of labor productivity from various research papers and identifies factors affecting labor productivity and their manifestation in a pandemic. Objectives. This study consists of a systematic review of literature on labor productivity and is focused on finding a set of actionable factors which affect productivity. By the word ‘actionable factors’, we mean the factors upon which action can be taken to improve the productivity of the firm. There are two main objectives: 1 to study how the term productivity was defined by different authors 2 to find the set of those ‘actionable factors’ the presence or absence of which can improve the state of productivity for any organization. Methods. In the process of achieving this objective, the methods of scientific knowledge were used: systematic review, analysis and synthesis. Systematic review helps in bridging the gap that traditional narrative reviews create due to use of personal, subjective and biased methodology by authors. Conclusions and Relevance. Labor productivity in the manufacturing sector is a very complex process which is driven by numerous factors. Our systematic review shows this complexity as how one identified factor interacts or affects other identified factor. Managers must understand that for improving labor productivity, its true measurement is necessary. A true measurement shall reflect where the organization stands as compared to its competitors and must identify the gaps which it can close in order to improve its productivity. For the true measurement to happen, managers shall disseminate the importance of productivity measurement and improvement first to the top management and then to the whole employees.
ECAM: A low-cost vaping device for collection of electronic cigarette condensate and in vitro studies v1
Authors: T Campbell Rosa , Burrowes Kelly , Suresh Vinod
Published: May 2021

The use of electronic cigarettes (ECs) has become widespread despite many unknowns around their long-term health impact. ECs work by vapourising a liquid, known as an e-liquid, typically consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol, flavourings and nicotine. The chemical constituents and resultant impact on cells and tissue are dependent on several factors, including the flavourings used, the vaping topography/use pattern, and the device used. ECAM (Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Machine) is an open source, portable device for creating EC aerosol – for condensate collection and in vitro studies - using a controlled methodology. ECAM was developed as a low cost, automated, and customisable alternative to commercial devices. ECAM consists of a micro diaphragm gas pump to draw air/EC aerosol through the system. The device is automated using an Arduino and solenoid pinch values are used to alternate between air and EC vapour. Condensate is collected in a vial within a cold-water bath. Each ECAM unit uses a temperature/humidity sensor to measure ambient air conditions and a differential pressure sensor to determine the pressure within the system. ECAM is programmed to adhere to International Standards Organisation 20768:2018. The design files, source code, and build instructions for this device can be found at https://osf.io/3ngu4/.
Trends of Social Polarisation and Segregation in Athens (1991–2011)
Authors: Maloutas Thomas , Botton Hugo
Published: May 2021

This article investigates social and spatial changes in the Athens metropolitan area between 1991 and 2011. The main question is whether social polarisation—and the contraction of intermediate occupational categories—unevenly developed across the city is related to the changing of segregation patterns during the examined period. We established that the working-class moved towards the middle and the middle-class moved towards the top, but the relative position of both parts did not change in the overall socio-spatial hierarchy. The broad types of socio-spatial change in Athens (driven by professionalisation, proletarianisation or polarisation) were eventually related to different spatial imprints in the city’s social geography. Broad trends identified in other cities, like the centralisation of higher occupations and the peripheralisation of poverty, were not at all present here. In Athens, changes between 1991 and 2011 can be summarised by (1) the relative stability and upward social movement of the traditional working-class and their surrounding areas, accounting for almost half of the city, (2) the expansion of traditional bourgeois strongholds to neighbouring formerly socially mixed areas—25% of the city—and their conversion to more homogeneous middle-class neighbourhoods through professionalisation, (3) the proletarianisation of 10% of the city following a course of perpetual decline in parts of the central municipality and (4) the polarisation and increased social mix of the traditional bourgeois strongholds related to the considerable inflow of poor migrants working for upper-middle-class households.
Estimation of probability of exceeding a curve by a strictly φ-sub-Gaussian quasi shot noise process
Authors: Vasylyk O. I. , Yamnenko R. E. , Ianevych T. O.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we continue to study the properties of a separable strictly φ-sub-Gaussian quasi shot noise process $X(t) = \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} g(t,u) d\xi(u), t\in\R$, generated by the response function g and the strictly φ-sub-Gaussian process ξ = (ξ(t), t ∈ R) with uncorrelated increments, such that E(ξ(t)−ξ(s))^2 = t−s, t>s ∈ R. We consider the problem of estimating the probability of exceeding some level by such a process on the interval [a;b], a,b ∈ R. The level is given by a continuous function f = {f(t), t ∈ [a;b]}, which satisfies some given conditions. In order to solve this problem, we apply the theorems obtained for random processes from a class V (φ, ψ), which generalizes the class of φ-sub-Gaussian processes. As a result, several estimates for probability of exceeding the curve f by sample pathes of a separable strictly φ-sub-Gaussian quasi shot noise process are obtained. Such estimates can be used in the study of shot noise processes that arise in the problems of financial mathematics, telecommunication networks theory, and other applications.
Peculiarities of Ideas of Graduate Students about to Coping Difficult Life Situations in Their Future Professional Activity and about Ways to Overcome Them
Authors: Kargina A.E. , Morozova I.S. , Kretsan Z.V.
Published: May 2021

The article actualizes the problem of the specifics ideas of University graduate students about coping difficult situations that they may encounter in their future professional activities. The purpose of the article is to present to the professional community the results of the study of the peculiarities of the presentation of students in the humanitarian and technical areas of training about difficult life situations and ways to overcome them. The authors predict the emergence of difficult life situations in the future professional activities of students. The sample consisted of 75 people, 36 people direction of preparation “Technosphere Safety” and 39 people direction of preparation “Teacher Education”. The data were collected using the methods: “Ways of overcoming negative situations” (S. Goncharova), “Ways of Coping Questionnaire” (R. Lazarus), “Life Style Index” (L.I. Vasserman et al.), and incomplete sentences. It has been established that for university graduates the concept of a “difficult life situation” is defined as some state of concern about the result. It is proved that they have the peculiarities of psychological readiness to overcome difficult life situations in their future professional activities. The identified peculiarities can be used in the preparation of a program for ensuring labor safety and protecting the health.
Humanrecognition Using ‘Pso-Ofa’ In Low Resolution Videos
Authors: Et. al. K.Ranga Narayana,
Published: May 2021

In present scenario, tracking of target in videos with low resolution is most important task.  The problem aroused due to lack of discriminatory data that have low visual visibility of the moving objects. However, earlier detection methods often extract explanations around fascinating points of space or exclude mathematical features in moving regions, resulting in limited capabilities to detect better video functions. To overcome the above problem, in this paper a novel method which recognizes a person from low resolution videos is proposed. A Three step process is implemented in which during the first step, the video data acquired from a low-resolution video i.e. from three different datasets. The acquired video is divided into frames and converted into gray scale from RGB. Secondly, background subtraction is performed using LBP and thereafter Histogram of Optical Flow (HOF) descriptors is extracted from optical flow images for motion estimation. In the third step, the eigen features are extracted and optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) model to eliminate redundant information and obtain optimized features from the video which is being processed. Finally to find a person from low resolution videos, the features are classified by Support Vector Machine (SVM) and parameters are evaluated. Experimental results are performed on VIRAT, Soccer and KTH datasets and demonstrated that the proposed detection approach is superior to the previous method
Post-Humanitarianism: The Lifestyle Solidarity of the 21st Century
Authors: Chouliaraki Lilie
Published: May 2021

Liking the Instagram post of a humanitarian celebrity, e-shopping from a charity shop or signing an online petition on Black Lives Matter have become popular forms of digital activism. While such activism, what I call post-humanitarian solidarity, has helped popularize important causes worldwide, in this paper, I argue for the need of a critical pedagogy that also alerts us to the limitations of this form of activism. It is, in particular, the synergy of corporate humanitarianism with the entertainment industry and platform capitalism that such critical pedagogy should focus on, raising questions about the political and ethical implications of post-humanitarian solidarity and the kinds of global publics it gives rise to.
Building Solidarities Through Public Education: National, Multicultural and Cosmopolitan?
Authors: Kymlicka Will
Published: May 2021

In most countries, the education system seeks to instill two kinds of solidarity: a thick sense of national solidarity with one’s co-citizens, and a thinner sense of global solidarity with all of humanity. Many commentators argue that we need to rebalance these two forms of solidarity, de-emphasizing national solidarity and re-centering global solidarities. More radical commentators argue that we should abandon ideas of national solidarity entirely as inherently exclusionary and outdated. I will suggest that we in fact need both kinds of solidarity, although our conception of education for national solidarity needs to reflect our multicultural realities.
The Solidum in Solidarity
Authors: Derpmann Simon
Published: May 2021

The article looks at competing conceptions of solidarity. The main focus lies on the universality or partisanship that is associated with moral obligations stemming from solidarity. It appears that the reference to a 'solidum', or a uniting commonality, is crucial to understanding solidarity. In the article, solidarity is defended as a morally significant relation that is wider and more inclusive than direct or intimate relations of friendship, love or loyalty, but simultaneously narrower and more exclusive than universal notions of justice or humanity. Due to their basis in uniting communalities, relations of solidarity are normatively dependent, i.e. the moral content of the shared identifications that ground solidarity determine its moral valence.
Neoliberal Meritocracy: How 'Widening Participation' to Universities in England Reinforces Class Divisions
Authors: Cunningham Christopher , Samson Colin
Published: May 2021

This essay details the processes through which English universities reinforce existing social class divisions while at the same time extending access for populations that had historically been excluded from universities. Practices commonly referred to within higher education policy as ‘widening participation’ that purport to show solidarity with previously excluded student populations, we argue, function to maintain not diminish inequalities. While the meritocratic ideals underpinning the social mobility narrative of widening participation encourage economic and employment aspirations as prime motivations for applying and entering university, widening participation has not coincided with meaningful mobility. Through an analysis of major shifts in higher education policy, we argue that categorisations of the ‘disadvantaged’ student are manufactured to assist universities to fund and legitimate themselves as vehicles of social mobility. In this context, we argue that a precarious legitimacy exists because social mobility operates within a wider culture of embedded class privilege, and this is constantly managed by state regulatory frameworks which reshape and repurpose universities to fit a neoliberal meritocratic image of the larger society and the role of universities within it. Ideas of ‘disadvantage’ service solidarity not with the ‘disadvantaged’ but with educational service providers, as they offer a target for the promotion of neoliberal meritocracy. In the course of this, class differentials are reinforced by channelling ‘disadvantaged’ and ‘advantaged’ students into different niches of the labour market, preserving existing inequalities, and sorting graduates into winners and losers.
Las Neuronas las Mariposas del Alma
Authors: Canchola Martínez Enrique
Published: May 2021

Las neuronas como dijo Don Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) padre de la neurociencia moderna son “Células de formas delicadas y elegantes, son las misteriosas mariposas del alma, cuyo batir de alas quien sabe si esclarecerá algún día el secreto de la vida mental” que con su aleteo construyen los pensamientos y los constructos cognitivos que forman el altar del alma y el sustrato de la vida, en el cerebro hay dos tipos de mariposas, unas que se comunican entre sí mediante una serie de procesos fisicoquímicos y otras que se comunican mediante un lenguaje eléctrico, ambos tipos de comunicación son de una precisión y eficiencia extraordinaria
Sexismo y violencia en las relaciones de noviazgo en adolescentes de Lima
Authors: Manrique Tapia César Raúl , Flores Monzon Kathia Alexandra
Published: May 2021

El estudio tuvo como finalidad determinar la relación entre sexismo y violencia cometida y sufrida en las relaciones de noviazgo en adolescentes entre 15 y 17 años de Lima Norte. La muestra se conformó por 93 adolescentes, para lo cual el tipo de investigación fue aplicada y el diseño no experimental de corte transversal. Los instrumentos empleados fueron; la Escala de Detección del Sexismo en Adolescentes (DSA) y el Inventario de violencia en las relaciones de noviazgo entre adolescentes (CADRI). Los resultados evidencian que el sexismo se correlaciona de manera directa y significativa con la violencia cometida, y de manera no significativa y directa con la violencia sufrida, en grado bajo para ambas.
Programa alternativo para la mejora de la comprensión lectora en escolares peruanos
Authors: Chong-Alvarado Lis Norma
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que pone a prueba un Programa alternativo para la mejora la comprensión lectora, se tuvo como lineamientos la instrucción directa de estrategias lectoras, el uso de diversos tipos de textos y donde el maestro va cediendo el control del proceso lector al estudiante de forma gradual. La investigación fue de tipo aplicada, con un diseño cuasiexperimental, se trabajó con 44 estudiantes de segundo grado de secundaria de instituciones educativas públicas; para medir la variable de estudio de aplico la prueba Demostrando lo que aprendimos lectura elaborada por la UMC. Los resultados nos muestran una diferencia significativa entre los grupos control y experimental, comprobando su eficacia en el incremento del nivel de la comprensión lectora y en el desarrollo de sus capacidades.
Funcionalidad Familiar, Autoestima y Depresión en estudiantes de Educación Superior en la ciudad de Tacna – 2020
Authors: Nuñez Delgado Rocio del Pilar , Ortiz Cam Juana Carolina
Published: May 2021

La depresión es una enfermedad, un problema de salud pública y está relacionada a la autoestima que es el grado de valoración de uno mismo, que a su vez influye en la funcionalidad familiar, como clave importante para el desarrollo de sus integrantes; la investigación es de tipo transversal y confirmatorio, de la muestra no probabilística de 115 estudiantes de educación superior de la ciudad de Tacna para determinar los índices de ajuste del modelo explicativo de la Escala Funcionalidad Familiar basada en la Autoestima y la Depresión; los cuales X2/gl = 27.352, CFI=0.086, GFI=0.729, fueron no aceptable, solo SRMR= 0.3798 fue adecuado, pero en forma global podemos concluir que los índices de ajuste del modelo explicativo entre funcionalidad familiar relacionada a autoestima y está relacionada a depresión no son apropiados en estudiantes de educación superior de Tacna.
Estilos de crianza familiar y violencia escolar en adolescentes de Lima Norte
Authors: Milagros Gonzales Angela Milagros , Candela Ayllón Víctor Eduardo
Published: May 2021

Con la finalidad de determinar la relación entre los estilos de crianza familiar y los niveles de violencia escolar, se lleva a cabo este estudio en adolescentes de 12 a 18 años que viven en los diversos distritos de Lima Norte, la muestra no probabilística estuvo conformada por 300 participantes de ambos sexos. El estudio de tipo aplicado y bajo el diseño no experimental de corte transversal con enfoque descriptivo – explicativo, se lleva a cabo empleando 2 instrumentos; el cuestionario de estilos de crianza familiar (ECF-29) Estrada et al. (2017) y la escala de violencia escolar de Emler y Reicher (1995) y adaptada por Estévez et al. (2005).  Los resultados demostraron que existe asociación significativa (p=,000) entre los estilos de crianza familiar y los niveles de violencia escolar en los adolescentes. Evidenciando mayor violencia escolar en el grupo procedente de crianza familiar autoritaria y sobreprotectora. Por otro lado, el estilo de crianza autoritario se relaciona de forma directa con la violencia escolar, sucede lo mismo con el estilo indulgente, no así con el estilo de crianza familiar democrático.
Glosario De Instrumentos Psicológicos: Definición de 14 Instrumentos más utilizados en Psicología
Authors: Pereyra Quiñones Jose Luis , Grajeda Alex Teófilo , Cuya Paolo Víctor , Estrada Alomía Erika Roxana
Published: May 2021

Los test, pruebas, escalas e inventarios son herramientas útiles en psicología pues con ellos se realizan mediciones precisas y cada año aumenta el vademécum de instrumentos   psicométricos y proyectivos. Una web de corte internacional ha logrado contar 5247 títulos de instrumentos; vale decir, que estas herramientas se han incrementado aritméticamente. Contar con más herramientas es ventajoso, pero, los nuevos escritores psicométricos o autores de test presentan tantas singularidades e imprecisiones en la descripción de sus respectivos instrumentos, que hacen necesario contar con un glosario, diccionario más preciso que defina los catorce instrumentos más usados en psicología clínica, educativa y organizacional.  
Palabras clave: instrumentos evaluación, test, escalas, inventarios, cuestionario, psicometría.
Revisión epidemiológica de los trastornos mentales en el Perú
Authors: Castellanos Sánchez Sara Marcelina Fátima , Torres Rodas Senaida , Vásquez Calderón Hilda Magali , Chang Pardo Mónica Silvia
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo es de gran importancia, porque se da a conocer la realidad de la salud mental por la que atraviesa la ciudadanía de nuestro país. Según estudios Epidemiológicos de la Salud Mental (ESM) y los lineamientos de política sectorial de salud mental en el Perú indica que se encuentra la prevalencia anual más alta de trastorno mentales y tiene incidencia en las zonas urbanas de las ciudades sobre todo en Ayacucho, Puerto Maldonado, Iquitos, Tumbes siendo allí 20,7%; mientras que en las zonas rurales son el 10,4% en la región rural de Lima (Ministerio de Salud, 2018). Con esta información percibimos que la incidencia de los problemas mentales está centrada en las ciudades, siendo las zonas rurales las de menor porcentaje con problemas de salud metal. Con respecto al género, las mujeres son más afectadas que los varones. En cuanto a las etapas de desarrollo humano los ancianos tienen la mayor incidencia con respecto a los otros grupos etarios; siguiéndole los infantes adolescentes.   

Tal estudio, tuvo como objetivo realizar el análisis epidemiológico de los trastornos mentales en el Perú, a través de una revisión sistemática de investigaciones del Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental “Honorio Delgado Noguchi” (INSM “HD-HN”) y autores de diversas universidades, los cuales estamos mencionando en el presente artículo.
Cuando el acoso sexual callejero se invisibiliza: Algunos factores que favorecen su tolerancia
Authors: Mori Sánchez María del Pilar
Published: May 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo se orienta a mostrar algunos  factores que favorecen la tolerancia al  acoso sexual callejero. Para el estudio se empleó un diseño mixto, explicativo secuencial cuantitativo-cualitativo, con predominancia cualitativa. Los participantes fueron 292 mujeres con edades entre 19 a 28 años; en la fase cuantitativa se utilizó la Escala de acoso sexual Callejero (EASC), en la fase cualitativa se aplicó grupos focales con 32 participantes. Los principales resultados indican que las experiencias de acoso sexual callejero vividas mayormente, son de acoso expreso, verbal  y persecuciones; se encontraron cinco  factores  que estarían favoreciendo la tolerancia del ASC y contribuyendo a la normalización de la misma.
Gestión de directivos y calidad del servicio educativo en un colegio parroquial de la región Callao
Authors: Cruz Cárdenas César Augusto , Aguirre-Arotoma Josselyn
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo se orientó a investigar acerca del nexo existente entre la gestión de los directivos de un colegio parroquial en la región Callao y la calidad de servicio prestado a la comunidad educativa. Se realizó un estudio de corte cuantitativo, tipo transversal, correlacional. Para la recolección de datos se elaboraron dos cuestionarios (uno por variable), con respuestas tipo Likert. La muestra estuvo conformada por 150 estudiantes, 62 docentes, 23 administrativos y 90 padres de familia. La contrastación fue realizada por medio del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson que arrojó un valor de 0.897 que correspondió a una correlación positiva alta. Los valores para las dimensiones liderazgo directivo fue de 0.863; para la dimensión de planificación estratégica fue 0.825; mientras que para la dimensión de evaluación de gestión se obtuvo 0.857 y la dimensión de convivencia institucional 0.804. Se concluyó que, existe una correlación correlativa directa y fuerte entre la gestión del cuerpo directivo y la calidad del servicio educativo. Se sugieren aspectos más detallados para investigaciones futuras al respecto.
Satisfacción laboral según factores organizacionales y personales en un centro de atención psicológica de Lima
Authors: Iparraguirre Baltazar Patricia Dora , Salazar Vargas Geraldine Zidae
Published: May 2021

El objetivo fue determinar la correlación entre satisfacción laboral y los factores organizacionales y personales en colaboradores de un centro psicológico de Lima durante el 2016. La población fueron 45 colaboradores cuya edad promedio fue 37 años. Los instrumentos aplicados fueron el Cuestionario S21/26 (1990) de Meliá et al (1989), y la Escala de Percepciones Compartidas de Lerner y Lerner (Consultora en Recursos Humanos, Lima). Entre los colaboradores con percepción buena de los factores organizacionales y personales el 86% estaba muy satisfecho laboralmente, frente a 4% entre el grupo con una percepción regular (p<0.0001). Los casados tuvieron más riesgo de insatisfacción laboral que los solteros (p=0.044); entre los colaboradores con 1 año de experiencia laboral el 53% estaba muy satisfecho, pero entre los antiguos, más de 5 años, ninguno presentó un nivel alto de satisfacción laboral. La percepción de los factores organizacionales fue buena en el 46.7% de colaboradores y regular en el 53.3%; los colaboradores con una percepción regular tuvieron un 26% más riesgo de insatisfacción laboral que aquellos con una percepción buena (p=0.017). Se concluye que la satisfacción laboral depende de los factores organizacionales y parcialmente de los factores personales.
EL impacto psicológico de la cuarentena por covid-19 en un grupo de adultos peruanos
Authors: Angeles Donayre Mariuccia Maisy , Cangalaya Sevillano Luis Miguel
Published: May 2021

El objetivo fue determinar el impacto psicológico de la cuarentena por COVID-19 en un grupo de adultos peruanos. Fue un estudio básico, de nivel descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental y de tipo transversal. Participaron 35 sujetos de ambos sexos, de 22 a 87 años, tanto de Lima como de provincias. Para tal fin, se utilizó la Escala para el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (GAD-7) que consta de 7 ítems de 0 a 3 (tipo Likert), que incluye dos aspectos: síntomas y discapacidad asociada al trastorno. Los resultados señalaron que existe una sensación de ansiedad entre los sujetos encuestados debido a la cuarentena (45.7%) y con respecto al hecho de quedarse en casa por cuarentena, este aparece como un factor protector contra la ansiedad experimentada por los participantes (OR = 0.084, IC 95% = 0.008 - 0.839).

Palabras clave: COVID-19, ansiedad, impacto psicológico, cuarentena.
Una visión jurídica de la Violencia y perspectiva de cambio, desde la teoría del apego
Authors: Ludeña González Gerardo Francisco , Guzman Cobeñas María Del Pilar
Published: May 2021

La teoría del apego constituye uno de los fenómenos psicológicos que a partir de los lazos afectivos y la forma como se muestre generará evidentemente un condicionamiento y relación parental desde la infancia que repercute en la convivencia social. De ahí que, en múltiples ocasiones, si la relación no ha sido positiva, se generan tipos de relaciones disvariantes.  Bowlby fue el precursor de esta teoría del apego, potencialmente tan influyente con las emociones.

Para el mundo jurídico la violencia es sancionada con penas que cada vez son más severas y draconianas, sin embargo, muchas de estas actividades delictivas acompañadas de violencia son generadas por menores, ahí la necesidad de políticas de protección para niños ya dolescentes respecto de los orígenes de la violencia pues la familia como cédula básica de la sociedad tiene fuerzas internas y  externas que influye en la formación del  estado al que representa. Históricamente la familia mantiene y precede al estado de Derecho.

Un estado democrático tiene como deber y obligación preservar ese orden interno, promoviendo valores universales, sobre creencias, religiones y filosofías.  Nos preguntamos ¿Es la familia una institución efectiva para la lucha contra la corrupción? Así la familia cumple un rol transcendental por ser la primera escuela de  valores  y moral que formará parte de la ética y del actuar del individuo en un futuro. Por ello rescatamos la importancia  de la familia para la persona humana  como sujeto de Derecho y  el efecto que este tendrá al formar parte de una sociedad justa, alejada de la corrupción, como sucede en países en la cual ha disminuido la tasa delictiva.
Percepción del desempleo en un grupo de familias de clase media emergente: Tiempos de pandemia por Covid 19
Authors: Caballero Colonia Leticia Kathery , Julca Moreno Sadam Emerson , López Ocaña Elva Jheny , Miñano Canches Mariyi Milagros , Panduro Vargas Franco Alexander
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo es de corte cualitativo que tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción sobre el desempleo producto de las implicancias de la situación de emergencia sanitaria por Covid 19, se realizaron entrevista semiestructuradas a un grupo de jóvenes desempleados del distrito de Puente Piedra - Asociación Las Orquídeas - etapa 1, situado al costado de uno de los mercados más grandes de Lima - Norte, Mercado Huamantanga.
Comparison of two different doses of dexmedetomidine (0.25 mcg/kg and 0.5 mcg/kg) in prolonging duration of spinal anaesthesia and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing trans urethral resection of prostate: a prospective randomized double blinded study
Authors: Bhiwal Anil K. , Sharma Karuna , Rathore Vikram S. , Patel Chintan M. K. , Chhabra Alka , Jaitawat Swai S.
Published: May 2021

Background: Trans urethral resection of prostate (TURP) under spinal anaesthesia (SAB) in elderly with associated cardio-pulmonary, endocrine or other co-morbidities induces detrimental physiological and psychological stress response to surgery and anaesthesia. Proper sedation during spinal anaesthesia can reduces this response. Aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of spinal block, hemodynamic changes, and postoperative analgesia, following administration of intravenous DMT (0.25 mcg/kg and 0.5 mcg/kg) in elderly patients undergoing TURP under SAB.Methods: Sixty-eight patients were randomly allocated to two groups of 34 patients each. After giving spinal anaesthesia patients received two different doses of dexmedetomidine intravenously; 0.25 mcg/kg (Group D25) and 0.50 mcg/kg (Group D50) respectively. Drugs were given slowly in dilution of 10ml normal saline. Patients were monitored for intraoperative haemodynamics, sensory and motor block characteristics and postoperative analgesia in terms of VAS (visual analogue scale) and first and total dose of rescue analgesic.Results: Mean value of lowest HR in Group D50 and D 25 was comparable (p=0.11) and time taken to achieve lowest HR was also comparable (p=0.13). Mean value of lowest SBP, DBP and MAP were lower in Group D50 than in Group D25 but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.52,0.95 and 0.41 respectively). Onset of sensory block was comparable between the two groups, p=0.62. Maximum sensory block was achieved significantly earlier in Group D50 (10.64±2.75 min versus 12.94±3.04 min in Group D25), p=0.0012. Group D50 patients achieved Bromage score 3 earlier (10.735±1.797 min) than group D25 (12.794±2.52 min) (p=0.00). Recovery from motor block was found earlier in Group D25 group (141.325±4.97 mins) compared to Group D50 (154.41±8.143 mins). Group D50 reported significantly higher sedation than group D25 (p=0.00). Group D25 reported more pain at 4 hours compared to Group D50 (VAS -4.705±0.462 versus 2.588±1.478). Time of requirement of first rescue analgesia was delayed in Group D50 (270.59±50.78 mins) than in Group D25 (172.50±10.46 mins), p=0.000.Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine is effective in relieving anxiety in elderly patients undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia. Dose of 0.50 mcg/kg is more effective than 0.25 mcg/kg without increasing the risk of adverse effect.
Monte Carlo Optimization of a Combined Image Quality Assessment for Compressed Images Evaluation
Authors: Bouida Ahmed , Khelifi Mustapha , Beladgham Mohammed , Hamlili Fatima-Zohra
Published: May 2021

In image processing, using compression is very important in various applications, especially those using data quantities in transmission and storing. This importance becomes most required with the evolution of image quantities and the big data systems explosion. The image compression allows reducing the required binary volume of image data by encoding the image for transmission goal or database saving. The principal problem with image compression when reducing its size is the degradation that enters the image. This degradation can affect the quality of use of the compressed image. To evaluate and qualify this quality, we investigate the use of textural combined image quality metrics (TCQ) based on the fusion of full reference structural, textural, and edge evaluation metrics. To optimize this metric, we use the Monte Carlo optimization method. This approach allows us to qualify our compressed images and propose the best metric that evaluates compressed images according to several textural quality aspects.
Seizure Detection Based on Adaptive Feature Extraction by Applying Extreme Learning Machines
Authors: Baykara Muhammet , Abdulrahman Awf
Published: May 2021

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic disorder which negatively affects the patients' life. The functionality of the brain can be obtained from brain signals and it is vital to analyze and examine the brain signals in seizure detection processes. In this study, we performed machine learning-based and signal processing methods to detect epileptic signals. To do that, we examined three different EEG signals (healthy, ictal, and interictal) with two different classes (healthy ones and epileptic ones). Our proposed method consists of three stages which are preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. In the preprocessing phase, EEG signals normalized to scale all samples into [0,1] range. After Stockwell Transform was applied and chaotic features and Parseval's Energy collected from each EEG signal. In the last part, EEG signals were classified with ELM (Extreme Learning Machines) with different parameters. Our study shows the best classification accuracy obtained from the Sigmoid activation function with the number of 100 hidden neurons. The highlights of this study are: Stockwell Transform is used; Entropy values are selected based on the adaptive process. Threshold values are determined according to the error rates; ELM classifier algorithm is applied.
Self-Supervised Speech Enhancement for Arabic Speech Recognition in Real-World Environments
Authors: Dendani Bilal , Bahi Halima , Sari Toufik
Published: May 2021

Mobile speech recognition attracts much attention in the ubiquitous context, however, background noises, speech coding, and transmission errors are prone to corrupt the incoming speech. Therein, building a robust speech recognizer requires the availability of a large number of real-world speech samples. Arabic language, like many other languages, lacks such resources; to overcome this limitation, we propose a speech enhancement step, before the recognition begins. For the speech enhancement purpose, we suggest the use of a deep autoencoder (DAE) algorithm. A two-step procedure is suggested: in the first step, an overcomplete DAE is trained in an unsupervised way, and in the second one, a denoising DAE is trained in a supervised way leveraging the clean speech produced in the previous step. Experimental results performed on a real-life mobile database confirmed the potentials of the proposed approach and show a reduction of the WER (Word Error Rate) of a ubiquitous Arabic speech recognizer. Further experiments show an improvement of the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), and the short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) as well.
A New Approach for Eye-Blink to Speech Conversion by Dynamic Time Warping
Authors: Ekim Güneş , Atasoy Ayten , İkizler Nuri
Published: May 2021

Motor neuron patients such as paralysis, locking syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can see and hear what is happening in their environment, but cannot communicate with their environment. It is very important for these patients, who do not have any physical function other than eye movements, to be able to express their needs, feelings and thoughts. Therefore, to express the thoughts, needs and feelings of these patients, a system that converts eye-blink signals to speech was developed in this study. The main purpose of the designed system is high accuracy, low cost, high speed and independence from environmental factors. Undoubtedly, it is also very important that it causes as little discomfort to the patient as possible. Morse-coded signals generated by voluntary eye-blinks and the single-channel wireless NeuroSky MindWave Mobile device eliminates the need for cost-increasing equipment such as a camera or eye tracker and environmental factors such as light. With the use of Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), an algorithm which works at high speed and high accuracy at the time domain and does not require any training process has been implemented. In this way, the recorded speech was performed with a quite impressive accuracy.
Comparative Analysis of Texture Patterns on Mammograms for Classification
Authors: Darapureddy Nagadevi , Karatapu Nagaprakash , Battula Tirumala Krishna
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer is a cancerous tumor that arrives within the tissues of the breast. Women are mostly attacked than men. To detect early cancer medical specialists, suggest mammography for screening. Algorithms in Machine learning were executed on mammogram images to classify whether the tissues are deleterious or not. An analysis is done based on the texture feature extraction using different techniques like Frequency decoded local binary pattern (FDLBP), Local Bit-plane Decoded Pattern (LBDP), Local Diagonal Extrema Pattern (LDEP), Local Directional Order Pattern (LDOP), Local Wavelet Pattern (LWP). The features extracted are tested on 322 images from MIA’s database of three different classes. The algorithms in Machine learning like K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (KNN), Support vector classifier (SVC), Decision Tree classifier (DTC), Random Forest classifier (RFC), AdaBoost classifier (AC), Gradient Boosting classifier (GBC), Gaussian Naive Bayes classifier (GNB), Linear Discriminant Analysis classifier (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis classifier (QDA) were used to evaluate the accuracy of classification. This paper examines the comparison of accuracy using different texture features. KNN algorithm with LDEP for texture feature extraction gives classification accuracy of 64.61%, SVC with all the texture patterns mentioned gives classification accuracy of 63.07%, DTC with FDLBP, LBDP gives classification accuracy of 47.69, RFC with LBDP and AC with LDOP and GBC with FDLBP gives 61.53% classification accuracy, GNB and LDA with FDLBP gives 60% and 63.07% classification accuracy respectively, QDA with LBDP gives 64.61 classification accuracy. Of all the Algorithms support vector classifier gives good accuracy results with all the texture patterns mentioned.
Convolutional Neural Networks-Based Approach to Detect Neonatal Respiratory System Anomalies with Limited Thermal Image
Authors: Ervural Saim , Ceylan Murat
Published: May 2021

Respiratory system diseases in neonates are thought-about major causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries Early diagnosis and management of these diseases is very important. Thermal imaging stands out as a harmless non-ionizing method, and monitoring of temperature changes or thermal symmetry is used as a diagnostic tool in medicine. This study aims to detect respiratory abnormalities of neonates by artificial intelligence using limited thermal image. Convolutional neural network (CNN) models, although a powerful classification tool, require a balanced and large amount of data. The conditions that require the attention of infants in neonatal intensive care units make medical imaging difficult. It may not always be possible to have much data in the neonatal thermal image database, as in some real-world problems. To overcome this, an effective deep learning model and various data enhancement techniques were used and their effects on the classification results were observed. Neonates with respiratory abnormalities were evaluated in one class, with cardiovascular diseases and abdominal abnormalities were evaluated in the other class. As a result, when the number of images is increased by 4 times with data augmentation, it was determined that the classification accuracy increased from 84.5% to 90.9%.
Термокаталитический синтез углеродных нанотрубок в реакторе с псевдокипящим слоем
Authors: Есболов Н. Б. , Смагулова Г. Т. , Мансуров З. А.
Published: May 2021

Приведены результаты разработана и создана установка для синтеза углеродных нанотрубок в реакторе с псевдокипящим слоем катализатора. Определены оптимальные условия синтеза углеродных нанотрубок из ацетилена. Синтезированы новые типы Ni/NiO катализаторов методом жидкофазного горения на поверхности Al2O3 сфер. Установлено, что оптимальными условиями синтеза углеродных нанотрубок являюттсия расход азота -948 см3/мин, расход ацетилена – 95 см3/мин, температура синтеза 780 0С, время синтеза 10-15 мин. Наилучшими показателями каталитической активности обладают Al2O3 сферы, пропитанные раствором Fe(C5H5)2. Получены углеродные нанотрубки с диаметрами от 88 до 122 нм.
Assessment of synthesis methods of SiO2 produced from rice husk and its main physicochemical characteristics
Authors: Askaruly K. , Sartova Zh. , Azat S. , Yeleuov M. , Tauyrbekov A.
Published: May 2021

Extraction of silica from rice husk is an emerging trend in the current research field. Large amount of rice husk (RH) are treated as waste and disposed of at the landfill site. These waste materials can also cause fire, which may lead to severe environmental pollutions. The airborne particles produced from dust may induce respiratory disease to human beings. The burning of rice husk results in the formation of rice husk ash (RHA) with major SiO2 content with 10 to 20% of carbon and organic components depending on the burning conditions, the furnace type, the rice variety, the climate and the geographical area. Moreover, the commonly used silica precursor like tetraethoxysilane is more expensive, and hence rice husk ash(RHA) and other waste sources having silica are used as an alternative. Acid leaching of the rice husk can carried out to remove soluble elemental impurities and hence it increases the purity of the silica content. The organic compounds in rice husk and other waste materials can be decomposed under burning conditions. In recent years, environmental demand and sustainable development have become increasingly important. It is important to study and utilize RH biowaste, and convert RHs into valued materials. This is the focus of this research. This paper article will be methods of synthesis SiO2 from rice husk and its physical-chemical characteristics
Получение металлического горючего AlB2 методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза и высокоэнергетические составы на его основе
Authors: Акназаров С.Х. , Seisenova A.B. , Диканбай У.Д. , Мутушев А.Ж. , Гонсалес-Лил Хуан Мария
Published: May 2021

В работе исследована возможность получения диборида алюминия методом самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза (СВС), рассчитаны термодинамические параметры синтеза, выбран компонентный состав шихты. Экспериментально подобран количественный состав шихты для получения в процессе синтеза диборида алюминия, отвечающего предъявляемыми к нему требованиями, с максимальным выходом.
Использование сверхкритических флюидов для извлечения природных битумов из нефтебитуминозных пород
Authors: Иманбаев Е.И. , Онгарбаев Е.К. , Тилеуберди Е.
Published: May 2021

Впервые осуществлено извлечение природных битумов месторождений Беке и Мунайлы Мола в сверхкритической среде. Представлены результаты одного из эффективных способов извлечения природных битумов из нефтебитуминозных пород Казахстана и результаты анализа. А также приводятся исследования по установлению изменений количества смолисто-асфальтеновых компонентов при термической переработке битумов. Показано, что в результате экстракции в СКФ-среде изопропанола повышается выход дистилятных фракций на 16% и уменьшается содержание смолисто-асфальтеновых веществ на 12,37%, что объясняется алкилирующим действием сверхкритических флюидов.
A TEORIA DA PARTICIPAÇÃO E A BUROCRACIA EM WEBER
Authors: Santos José Inaldo
Published: May 2021

A presente pesquisa traça um paralelo, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, entre a teoria da participação e a teoria da burocracia em Max Weber. O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o que é participação, o que são os espaços institucionalizados de participação, bem como os elementos que fundamentam a teoria da burocracia em Max Weber. A partir da análise sobre participação, percebe-se a potencialidade de atuação dos atores estratégicos para a elaboração de políticas públicas, bem como a necessidade de analisar a participação a partir dos espaços nos quais ela ocorre. A teoria da burocracia de Max Weber advém do processo de racionalização da vida moderna, no qual o Estado, para sua atuação, carece de um aparato burocratizado para seu funcionamento. Este artigo explora o desenvolvimento teórico sobre burocracia para traçar a relação entre os elementos desta com a teoria da participação, destacando os espaços institucionalizados de participação como altamente racionalizados e burocratizados. Conclui que a atuação nesses espaços ocorre dentro dos limites do aparato burocrático estatal, seguindo a formalidade; os limites legais; respeitando a impessoalidade e publicidade dos atos, bem como o registro documental das atas, que são elementos característicos da teoria da burocracia de Max Weber.
TEACHERS SELF-EFFICACIOUS, LOCUS OF CONTROL AND WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY BELIEFS BUFFERS THE EFFECTS ON ELEMENTARY STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT SCORES
Authors: Hassan Mehboob Ul , Nawaz Haq , Akbar Rafaqat Ali
Published: May 2021

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the current research was to gauge the effect of teachers self-efficacious, locus of control, and workplace spirituality beliefs on elementary students achievement scores. The researchers are intended to measure the effect of current practices happening in male public sector schools of district Lahore, Punjab-Pakistan. Methodology: The current research was quantitative in nature, and the researchers used ex post facto design leading to a positivist paradigm. The researchers administered one questionnaire having three parts: i) Henson (1999) Sources of Self-efficacy Inventory; SOSI, ii) Rose and Medway (1981) Locus of Control Scale and, iii) Petchsawang and Duchon (2009) Workplace Spirituality Beliefs Scale whereas authors obtained students achievement scores from office of the Punjab Examination Commission during session 2018-2019. Main Findings: Results of regression analysis declared that teachers self-efficacious beliefs affect 87.10%, locus of control 58.60%, and workplace spiritual beliefs affect 79.40% on students achievement scores. Applications of this study: This research is applicable for headteachers and parents that may provide sources and resources for teachers and students to strengthen students idiosyncratic growth and pedagogic success. Findings of the research will applicable for the male teachers working in public sector elementary schools to make their teaching effective, scientific, and logical. Curriculum planners and policymakers revisit official documents to add data about teachers self-efficacious, locus of control, and workplace spirituality beliefs. Novelty/Originality of this study: Applications of teachers utmost cognitive, social and spiritual potential escort required changes in students holistic growth. Authors have deliberatively identified that self-efficacious, locus of control and workplace spirituality beliefs are teachers considerable hallmarks which facile them towards students didactic success. Authors have significantly contributed in already existing body of knowledge in the field of cognitive and social psychology and spirituality.