bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of putative reader proteins of 5-methylcytosine and its derivatives in Caenorhabditis elegans RNA
Authors: Navarro IC , Suen Kin Man , Bensaddek Dalila , Tanpure Arun , Lamond Angus , Balasubramanian Shankar , Miska Eric A
Published: November 2022

Background: Methylation of carbon-5 of cytosines (m5C) is a conserved post-transcriptional nucleotide modification of RNA with widespread distribution across organisms. It can be further modified to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytidine (hm5C), 5-formylcytidine (f5C), 2´-O-methyl-5-hydroxymethylcytidine (hm5Cm) and 2´-O-methyl-5-formylcytidine (f5Cm). How m5C, and specially its derivates, contribute to biology mechanistically is poorly understood. We recently showed that m5C is required for Caenorhabditis elegans development and fertility under heat stress. m5C has been shown to participate in mRNA transport and maintain mRNA stability through its recognition by the reader proteins ALYREF and YBX1, respectively. Hence, identifying readers for RNA modifications can enhance our understanding in the biological roles of these modifications.

Methods: To contribute to the understanding of how m5C and its oxidative derivatives mediate their functions, we developed RNA baits bearing modified cytosines in diverse structural contexts to pulldown potential readers in C. elegans. Potential readers were identified using mass spectrometry. The interaction of two of the putative readers with m5C was validated using immunoblotting.

Results: Our mass spectrometry analyses revealed unique binding proteins for each of the modifications. In silico analysis for phenotype enrichments suggested that hm5Cm unique readers are enriched in proteins involved in RNA processing, while readers for m5C, hm5C and f5C are involved in germline processes. We validated our dataset by demonstrating that the nematode ALYREF homologues ALY-1 and ALY-2 preferentially bind m5C in vitro. Finally, sequence alignment analysis showed that several of the putative m5C readers contain the conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM), including ALY-1 and ALY-2.

Conclusions: The dataset presented here serves as an important scientific resource that will support the discovery of new functions of m5C and its derivatives. Furthermore, we demonstrate that ALY-1 and ALY-2 bind to m5C in C. elegans.
The Evaluation of the English Language Teacher Education Program in Turkey
Authors: Çelik Şehnaz Nigar , Memduhoğlu Hasan Basri
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the English language teacher training program which was put into practice in 2006, according to the views of lecturers and English teachers. This study aims to contribute to the studies on foreign language teaching by presenting an evaluation of teacher education, which is an important dimension of English as a foreign language teaching. The qualitative method was used in the study, which was designed in a descriptive survey model. The population of the research consists of 35 lecturers working at the English Language Teaching Department of different Education Faculties in the 2016-2017 academic year and 11 English teachers working in public schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education and who have not completed 5 years in the profession. NVIVO-11 program was used in the analysis of the data. The results of the study were compared with the 2018 English teacher education program renewed by the Council of Higher Education. English teachers and lecturers think that the content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and general culture courses in the teacher training program are insufficient. According to English teachers and lecturers the content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and general culture courses in the English language teacher education program are insufficient. Furthermore, English teachers stated that they could not apply what they learned during their training to real-life conditions. Therefore, they propose that the English language teacher training program should be revised considering the current conditions.
Securing of Cloud Storage Data Using Hybrid AES-ECC Cryptographic Approach
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Kumar Dilip
Published: November 2022

Internet has revolutionized the world in a way no one could have ever imagined. It paved the way for various different technologies, that have transformed the world exceptionally. Internet enabled cloud technology which provides cost-effective, scalable, on-demand computing resources with little to no downtime. Cloud storage allows its users to store and access private data from anywhere in the world without needing any high-end computing system. Cloud storage isn’t always secure, but that doesn’t imply it isn’t. The security of a data depends on the security policies followed by the provider along with the security of the communication channel via which the data is being sent. Encryption is used to obfuscate the data so that it can only be viewed when correct credentials, known as encryption keys, are provided. Following study proposes an encryption technique using ECC (Elliptic Curve Cryptography) along with AES (Advance Encryption Standard) to provide data confidentiality in an efficient way for securing data on cloud and hence, protect the personal information of user from any adversary. This new method is more effective, and the results are superior as a consequence.
Multimodal Driver Drowsiness Detection From Video Frames
Authors: Singh Pritesh Kumar , Gupta Archit , Upadhyay Mayank , Jain Achin , Khari Manju , Lamba Puneet Singh
Published: November 2022

Fatigue leads to tiredness, exhaustion, and sleepiness. Driving in fatigue conditions is considered dangerous and can cause serious road accidents. According to reports about 25% of road accidents are due to driver drowsiness. The main reason behind drowsiness is fatigue. While driving continuously on long trips, drivers feel sleepy. In this paper, we proposed a novel approach that is efficient enough to detect driver drowsiness accurately. An intelligent system, that can quickly and precisely determine whether the driver is feeling drowsiness or not during driving and can also generate a warning in real-time scenarios is implemented. Thus, resulting in reducing the number of accidents that take place due to the drowsiness of the drivers as well as the death rate. In this paper, drowsiness is detected by observing facial features such as Eyes and Mouth.
Fog-Enabled IoT Framework for Heart Disease Diagnosis Systems
Authors: Minh Quang Tran , Thai Do Thanh , Phung Phu H. , Huu Phat Nguyen
Published: November 2022

IoT technology has been recently adopted in healthcare systems to quickly detect abnormalities from patients, diagnose diseases and provide supports in time, even remotely. In the field of heart disease, timely diagnosis and prediction help to save people. This paper proposes a fog-based IoT approach to collect and analyze electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from patients to detect abnormalities or heart attacks with a short response time so that appropriate treatments can be provided. Commonly, ECG signals are transmitted to an eco-expert system deployed on the cloud to perform preliminary automatic diagnosis using a knowledge base built from medical experts. Although such an eco-expert system assists patients and supports physicians in performing treatment for their patients, there are several open technical challenges. First, noise in raw ECG signals makes the data imprecise and reduces the prediction accuracy. Second, involving data mining and machine learning on the cloud poses a significant latency since a huge amount of data needs to be transferred in the network. This paper proposes a novel framework that can provide the integrity of the ECG data by removing noise and then extract relevant knowledge for heart disease diagnosis at the network edge based on data mining techniques. Practical experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework not only guarantees the integrity of the data but also enhances the accuracy of the real-time detection compared with previous works.
Robust Deep Learning Empowered Real Time Object Detection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles based Surveillance Applications
Authors: Ranjith C. Prasanna , Hardas Bhalchandra M. , Mohideen M. Syed Khaja , Raj N. Nijil , Robert Nismon Rio , Mohan Prakash
Published: November 2022

Surveillance is a major stream of research in the field of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), which focuses on the observation of a person, group of people, buildings, infrastructure, etc. With the integration of real time images and video processing approaches such as machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision, the UAV possesses several advantages such as enhanced safety, cheap, rapid response, and effective coverage facility. In this aspect, this study designs robust deep learning based real time object detection (RDL-RTOD) technique for UAV surveillance applications. The proposed RDL-RTOD technique encompasses a two-stage process namely object detection and objects classification. For detecting objects, YOLO-v2 with ResNet-152 technique is used and generates a bounding box for every object. In addition, the classification of detected objects takes place using optimal kernel extreme learning machine (OKELM). In addition, fruit fly optimization (FFO) algorithm is applied for tuning the weight parameter of the KELM model and thereby boosts the classification performance. A series of simulations were carried out on the benchmark dataset and the results are examined under various aspects. The experimental results highlighted the supremacy of the RDL-RTOD technique over the recent approaches in terms of several performance measures.
Optimal Double Layer Secret Sharing Scheme for Biometrics
Authors: Gunasekaran Elavarasi , Muthuraman Vanitha
Published: November 2022

Visual secret sharing (VSS) method is an encryption method to ensure the Security of secret data, that just performs the partitioning of ‘n’ shares and distributes among ‘n’ users in an ideal way so that exposing of less than ‘n’ shares is of no utilization. However, some dishonest members or hackers team up and tries to cheat other members in the group. Therefore, we have developed a dual layer secret sharing scheme based on universal share based secret sharing scheme. The dual layer is composed of threshold based secret sharing and then followed by the universal share based secret sharing. Here, the universal share is maintained by the trusted party avoids the contribution of dishonest participants. Moreover, to ensure additional security, the proposed approach employs Oppositional Artificial Fish Swarm Optimization (OAFSO) based Stream Cipher encryption technique to encrypt the shares, shows the novelty of the work. Furthermore, the confidentiality is enhanced with Biometric fingerprint authentication step, where the acknowledged users are alone allowed to get the decrypt shares with that the user can retrieve the secret data. The proposed fingerprint authentication method also makes use of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA 1) to store the fingerprints and the matching is also done with hashed fingerprints only. So that the attackers cannot take and corrupt the stored fingerprints and the misuse of fingerprints is not possible. Finally the performance analysis is made with existing approaches in terms of PSNR and MSE. Maximum PSNR is 58.9802 and minimum MSE value is 0.6232, while the existing methods provide very less PSNR and greater MSE values than the proposed methods.
The diagnostic test accuracy of telemedicine for detection of surgical site infection: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Lathan Ross , Sidapra Misha , Yiasemidou Marina , Long Judith , Totty Joshua , Smith George , Chetter Ian
Published: November 2022

Since the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a rapid uptake and utilisation of telemedicine in all aspects of healthcare. This presents a key opportunity in surgical site infection surveillance. Remote follow up methods have been used via telephone, with photographs and questionnaires for post-operative reviews with varying results. This review therefore aims to comprehensively synthesise available evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of all forms of SSI telemedicine monitoring. The protocol has been established as per both PRISMA-P (S1 Table) and the Cochrane handbook for reviews of diagnostic test accuracy. Medline, Embase, CENTRAL and CINAHL will be searched using a complete search strategy developed with librarian input, in addition to google scholar and hand searching. All study designs with patients over 18 and undergone a primarily closed surgical procedure will be eligible. Index tests will include all forms of telemedicine and a subgroup analysis performed for each of these. Comparative tests must include face to face review, and all reference standards will be included again for sub-group analyses. Search results will be screened by two investigators independently with a third providing consensus review on disagreements. Methodological quality will be assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool, first validated by two investigators as per the Cochrane handbook. Exploratory analysis will formulate summary receiver operating characteristic curves and forest plots with estimates of sensitivity and specificity of the included studies. Sources of heterogeneity will be identifying and investigated through further analysis. Potential benefits of telemedicine integration in surgical practice will reduce cost and travel time to patients in addition to avoiding wasted clinic appointments, important considerations in a peri-pandemic era. To avoid missed or further complications, there must be confidence in the ability to diagnose infection. This review will systematically determine whether telemedicine is accurate for surgical site infection diagnosis, which methods are well established and if further research is indicated.
A novel method to derive personalized minimum viable recommendations for type 2 diabetes prevention based on counterfactual explanations
Authors: Lenatti Marta , Carlevaro Alberto , Guergachi Aziz , Keshavjee Karim , Mongelli Maurizio , Paglialonga Alessia
Published: November 2022

Despite the growing availability of artificial intelligence models for predicting type 2 diabetes, there is still a lack of personalized approaches to quantify minimum viable changes in biomarkers that may help reduce the individual risk of developing disease. The aim of this article is to develop a new method, based on counterfactual explanations, to generate personalized recommendations to reduce the one-year risk of type 2 diabetes. Ten routinely collected biomarkers extracted from Electronic Medical Records of 2791 patients at low risk and 2791 patients at high risk of type 2 diabetes were analyzed. Two regions characterizing the two classes of patients were estimated using a Support Vector Data Description classifier. Counterfactual explanations (i.e., minimal changes in input features able to change the risk class) were generated for patients at high risk and evaluated using performance metrics (availability, validity, actionability, similarity, and discriminative power) and a qualitative survey administered to seven expert clinicians. Results showed that, on average, the requested minimum viable changes implied a significant reduction of fasting blood sugar, systolic blood pressure, and triglycerides and a significant increase of high-density lipoprotein in patients at risk of diabetes. A significant reduction in body mass index was also recommended in most of the patients at risk, except in females without hypertension. In general, greater changes were recommended in hypertensive patients compared to non-hypertensive ones. The experts were overall satisfied with the proposed approach although in some cases the proposed recommendations were deemed insufficient to reduce the risk in a clinically meaningful way. Future research will focus on a larger set of biomarkers and different comorbidities, also incorporating clinical guidelines whenever possible. Development of additional mathematical and clinical validation approaches will also be of paramount importance.
Predictors of fear of falling among community-dwelling older adults: Cross-sectional study from Palestine
Authors: Badrasawi Manal , Hamdan May , Vanoh Divya , Zidan Souzan , ALsaied Tasneem , Muhtaseb Tala B.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Fear of falling has serious implications for health and is an important threat to autonomy. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate risk factors for fear of falling among Palestinian older adults in Hebron district.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among Palestinians > 60 years living in Hebron, West Bank. The Falls Efficacy Scale-International was used to predict falls among Palestinian older adults. Moreover, socio-demographic data, medical history, lifestyle habits, body composition, nutritional status, cognitive status (using the Montreal cognitive assessment tool), and functional status (using activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living scale), the presence of depressive symptoms (using geriatric depression scale), and physical fitness performance (using senior fitness test) were collected through an interview-based questionnaire. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate approach.

Results

A total of 200 participants were included in the study; 137 (68.5%) females and 63 (31.5%) males. Mean age was 70.5 ± 5.7 years, ranged from 65 to 98 years old. Fear of falling was significantly higher among older adults with advanced aged, living in villages or camps, low educational level, and being married (p < 0.05). Functional status (ADL and IADL), physical fitness status (timed up and go), and depression symptoms were significantly related to fear of falling (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

High concern of falling is significantly associated with advanced age, low education level, being married, and living in villages or camps. ADLs were among the factors that had a significant relationship with increased fear of falling. Predictors of fear of falling among Palestinian older adults were IADL scores, body fat percentage, rapid gait speed, timed up and go test. Future studies could investigate further correlates of fear of falling among older adults.
Association of clinical course with thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin in Graves’ ophthalmopathy in Mongolians
Authors: Bayarmunkh Oyungerel , Ganbold Chimedlkhamsuren , Das Sima , Davaatseren Uranchimeg , Minjuurdorj Nomin-Erdene , Jav Sarantuya
Published: November 2022

Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is a complex inflammatory condition affecting the orbit and is often associated with Graves’ disease (GD). This study aims to determine the levels of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor autoantibody (TSHR-ab) in the serum of patients with GO, compare it with the GD, and determine whether there is a correlation with the clinical course of GO. The cross-sectional study included 82 patients with GO, 81 patients with GD, and 75 healthy subjects. The ocular manifestations of GO were identified and evaluated by the clinical activity score (CAS) and severity of GO using the European Group of Graves’ Orbitopathy (EUGOGO). TSI and TSHR-ab levels in the serum of participants were determined with ELISA kits and correlated with clinical findings. A total of 238 participant’s data were analyzed. There were 14 patients (17%) with unilateral GO. The most common ocular signs were eyelid retraction 68 (82.3%) and proptosis 61 (74.4%). The mean CAS score was 2.65±1.64 in GO patients and was higher in men than women (P = 0.008). The mean of TSI was 37.95±35.41 in GO, 14.16±15.67 in GD, and 4.33±2.94 in healthy controls (P<0.0001). The TSI was significantly higher in patients with GO than in those with GD (P<0.0001). There were no correlations between TSI and TSHR-ab levels and CAS scores. However, we observed a correlation between the TSI level and the severity of GO (P = 0.023). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of TSI was 0.933 and selected 14.1 IU/ml was the optimal cutoff value (98.78% of sensitivity, 83.97% of specificity). Our study showed that TSI is significantly related to GO and the severity of GO. Therefore, TSI can be used as a predictor of severe GO to help in prognostication, follow-up and treatment planning.
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 is dispensable for osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption
Authors: Fujita Hirofumi , Ando Aoi , Mizusawa Yohei , Ono Mitsuaki , Hattori Takako , Habuta Munenori , Oohashi Toshitaka , Kubota Satoshi , Ohuchi Hideyo
Published: November 2022

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor for the inflammatory lipid mediators cysteinyl leukotrienes, which are involved in smooth muscle constriction, vascular permeability, and macrophage chemokine release. The Cysltr1 gene encoding CysLTR1 is expressed in the macrophage lineage, including osteoclasts, and the CysLTR1 antagonist Montelukast has been shown to suppress the formation of osteoclasts. However, it currently remains unclear whether CysLTR1 is involved in osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. Therefore, to clarify the role of CysLTR1 in osteoclastogenesis and pathological bone loss, we herein generated CysLTR1 loss-of-function mutant mice by disrupting the cysltr1 gene using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. These mutant mice had a frameshift mutation resulting in a premature stop codon (Cysltr1 KO) or an in-frame mutation causing the deletion of the first extracellular loop (Cysltr1Δ105). Bone marrow macrophages (BMM) from these mutant mice lost the intracellular flux of calcium in response to leukotriene D4, indicating that these mutants completely lost the activity of CysLTR1 without triggering genetic compensation. However, disruption of the Cysltr1 gene did not suppress the formation of osteoclasts from BMM in vitro. We also demonstrated that the CysLTR1 antagonist Montelukast suppressed the formation of osteoclasts without functional CysLTR1. On the other hand, disruption of the Cysltr1 gene partially suppressed the formation of osteoclasts stimulated by leukotriene D4 and did not inhibit that by glutathione, functioning as a substrate in the synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes. Disruption of the Cysltr1 gene did not affect ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis or lipopolysaccharide-induced bone resorption. Collectively, these results suggest that the CysLT-CysLTR1 axis is dispensable for osteoclast differentiation in vitro and pathological bone loss, while the leukotriene D4-CysTR1 axis is sufficient to stimulate osteoclast formation. We concluded that the effects of glutathione and Montelukast on osteoclast formation were independent of CysLTR1.
Association between subjective health status and frequency of visits to acupuncture clinic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kayo Takumi , Suzuki Masao , Kato Ryuji , Ishizaki Naoto , Mitsuma Tadamichi , Fukuda Fumihiko
Published: November 2022

Objective

There are few studies on the relationship between the frequency of acupuncture use and subjective health status. Therefore, we investigated this relationship using data of a previously performed cross-sectional survey of patients visiting Japanese acupuncture clinics.

Methods

This study used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2011 on patients visiting 180 acupuncture clinics nationwide that were run by members of the alumni association of Meiji University of Integrative Medicine Faculty of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and did not provide treatment other than acupuncture. We calculated the frequency of visits to acupuncture clinics (< 24 times, 24–47 times, 48–95 times, or ≥ 96 times per year) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) summary scores (physical, mental, role/social) based on the response of the questionnaire conducted at the time of the survey. Multiple linear regression analysis with multiple imputation was performed with three SF-36 summary scores as the dependent variables, and the frequency of visits to acupuncture clinics as the independent variable.

Results

The questionnaire was distributed to 2,379 outpatients of acupuncture clinics, 1,409 of whom met the criteria and were included in the analysis. More frequent visits to acupuncture clinics were associated with lower scores on all three SF-36 summary scores. Compared to those who visited < 24 times a year, those who visited ≥ 96 times a year had unstandardized regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) of -5.6 (-7.8 to -3.3) for the physical, -2.0 (-3.9 to -0.1) for the mental, and -2.9 (-5.4 to -0.4) for the role/social SF-36.

Conclusions

Frequent visits to acupuncture clinics were associated with poor subjective health status, especially physical health.
The COVID-19 Sentinel Schools Network of Catalonia (CSSNC) project: Associated factors to prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in educational settings during the 2020–2021 academic year
Authors: Ganem Fabiana , Bordas Anna , Folch Cinta , Alonso Lucia , Montoro-Fernandez Marcos , Colom-Cadena Andreu , Mas Ariadna , Mendioroz Jacobo , Asso Laia , Anton Andres , Pumarola Tomàs , González Maria Victoria , Blanco Ignacio , Soler-Palacín Pere , Soriano-Arandes Antoni , Casabona Jordi ,   on behalf of Sentinel School Network Study Group of Catalonia
Published: November 2022

The Sentinel Schools project was designed to monitor and evaluate the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Catalonia, gathering evidence for health and education policies to inform the development of health protocols and public health interventions to control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections and to identify their determinants among students and staff during February to June in the academic year 2020–2021. We performed two complementary studies, a cross-sectional and a longitudinal component, using a questionnaire to collect nominal data and testing for SARS-CoV-2 detection. We describe the results and perform a univariate and multivariate analysis. The initial crude seroprevalence was 14.8% (95% CI: 13.1–16.5) and 22% (95% CI: 18.3–25.8) for students and staff respectively, and the active infection prevalence was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3–1) and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.1–2). The overall incidence for persons at risk was 2.73 per 100 person-month and 2.89 and 2.34 per 100 person-month for students and staff, respectively. Socioeconomic, self-reported knowledge, risk perceptions and contact pattern variables were positively associated with the outcome while sanitary measure compliance was negatively associated, the same significance trend was observed in multivariate analysis. In the longitudinal component, epidemiological close contact with SARS-CoV-2 infection was a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection while the highest socioeconomic status level was protective as was compliance with sanitary measures. The small number of active cases detected in these schools suggests a low transmission among children in school and the efficacy of public health measures implemented, at least in the epidemiological scenario of the study period. The major contribution of this study was to provide results and evidence that help analyze the transmission dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 and evaluate the associations between sanitary protocols implemented, and measures to avoid SARS-CoV-2 spread in schools.
Novas histórias, novas personagens
Authors: Wertheimer Ana Maria
Published: November 2022

Uma das possiblidades de sobrevida da personagem, na perspectiva de uma teoria da figuração, projetada pelo crítico Carlos Reis, é a sua incorporação a uma narrativa subsequente àquela em que foi originalmente construída. A mulher do médico, por exemplo, é concebida na célebre obra Ensaio sobre a cegueira, de José Saramago, e refigurada como personagem secundária em Ensaio sobre a lucidez, do mesmo autor. O presente artigo analisa os elementos constitutivos dessa personagem, nas duas obras, a partir do entrecruzamento das vozes do narrador e da própria personagem, como proposto nas relações dialógicas descritas por Bakhtin. À luz das concepções de Brian Richardson acerca da personagem e de sua potencial transtextualidade, estima-se identificar aspectos que se mantenham fiéis à mulher do médico em ambas as obras e interrogar os que se diferem nesse processo de refiguração ou de reconstrução de uma mesma entidade, contribuindo, assim, para a revitalização dos estudos da personagem.
Molecular detection of equid herpesvirus in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from asymptomatic horses in Southern Brazil
Authors: Finger Mariane Angélica , Biava Janaina Socolovski , Dornbusch Peterson Triches , Perotta João Henrique , Ullmann Leila Sabrina , Serpa Priscila Beatriz da SiIva , Kmetiuk Louise Bach , dos Santos Andrea Pires , Biondo Alexander Welker , Leutenegger Christian , Filho Ivan Roque de Barros
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim: Molecular approaches to diagnose respiratory viruses have provided an opportunity for early and subclinical pathogen detection, particularly in samples from the upper respiratory tract. This study aimed to investigate the presence of herpesviruses, particularly equid herpesvirus (EHV)-2 and EHV-5, in samples from the lower respiratory tract of healthy racehorses from Southern Brazil.

Materials and Methods: Samples from the lower respiratory tract (i.e., bronchoalveolar lavage fluid [BALF]) were assessed by video endoscopy, cytological evaluation of BALF, and tracheal aspirates (TA), along with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), to detect equine herpesvirus infection in the lower respiratory tract samples and compare corresponding cytological and endoscopic findings.

Results: At least one abnormality per horse during endoscopy examination was observed, including, but not limited to, mucous secretion in the airways and pharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia. The presence of EHV-2 and/or EHV-5 was detected by qPCR in 3/10 animals. One horse was positive for EHV-2 alone, one for EHV-5 alone, and one for both.

Conclusion: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first molecular detection of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazilian thoroughbred horses. These findings may provide new insights into the epidemiology of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Brazilian horses, evidencing the importance of the molecular investigation, early detection, and prevention of respiratory diseases.
Analysis of decision-making processes for strategic technology investments in Swedish large-scale forestry
Authors: Jonsson Rikard , Woxblom Lotta , Björheden Rolf , Nordström Eva-Maria , Blagojevic Bosko , Lindroos Ola
Published: November 2022

Technological development gives forest companies opportunities to maintain competitiveness in the highly cost-sensitive market for forest products. However, no previous studies have examined the technological development decisions made by forest companies or the support tools used when making them. We therefore aimed to describe and analyze 1) the processes used when making such decisions, 2) the associated decision situations, and 3) the use of and need for decision support tools in these processes, with a harwarder concept as case. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with respondents from six forestry organizations. Two theoretical frameworks were used to analyze the interviews, one for unstructured decision processes and one for decision situations. The respondents’ descriptions of their decision processes were consistent with those observed in other industries, and it was shown that decision-making could potentially be improved by investing more resources into diagnosing the problem at hand. The main objective in decision-making was to maximize economic criteria while satisfying threshold requirements relating to criteria such as operator well-being, soil rutting, and wood value. When facing large uncertainties, interviewees preferred to gather data through operational trials and/or scientific studies. If confronted with large uncertainties that could not be reduced, they proceeded with development only if the potential gains exceeded the estimated uncertainties, and implemented innovations in a stepwise manner. These results indicate a need for greater use of existing decision-support tools such as problem-structuring methods to enable more precise diagnoses, simulations to better understand new innovations, and optimization to better evaluate their theoretical large-scale potential.
A mámoron és az igézeten túl
Authors: Z. Karvalics László
Published: November 2022

As an introduction to a special, thematic issue, the author reviews four possible analytic approach to information history centered view of lists. The microhistory explanation (1), a tipology-driven, time-sensitive contextualization (through melting the given type of list with similar ones, extending the scope to other information managing objects, actors and institutions of a given age (2), the macrohistory framing, when we try to insert the list into different sets of trendlines and trajectories (3), and a group of content-oriented, functional, structural points of views, reviving the epistemological nature of list-making, regarding to different societies, cultures and situations (4).

After speculating on the validity and possible significance of a substantive and dedicated ‘science of lists’, the author summarizes the aspects, which can be devoted to specially information history-related dissections.
A legyőzhetetlenség listája
Authors: Péter Krisztina
Published: November 2022

Owing to the propaganda campaign which accompanied the actual
military campaign of the Invincible Armada against England in 1588 and
which was employed very consciously by both belligerent parties, a huge
amount of sources has come down to us representing a wide variety of genres
from ballads to spy letters and from paintings to coins. The topic of the
paper is the analysis of a single news pamphlet containing a detailed list
regarding the size and the equipment of the fleet as well as the names of
the most important participants. These data were gathered and recorded at
the muster of the Spanish Armada held in Lisbon in May 1588, and
consequently quickly published and distributed throughout Europe. The paper
examines both the content and the form of the pamphlet. What was the point
of publishing and distributing such a rather dull text full of numbers and
data? What kind of readership might it have been interesting to and what
could they learn from it? And finally, what was the significance and
function of using the form of the list?
Evaluation and Comparation of a Novel Surgical Technique and Hemivertebra Resection to the Correction of Congenital Cervical Scoliosis in Lower Cervical and Cervicothoracic Spine
Authors: Cao Shuo , Chen Xin , Pan Shengfa , Diao Yinze , Zhao Yanbin , Xia Tian , Li Weishi , Zhou Feifei , Sun Yu
Published: November 2022

Objective: To report concave-side distraction technique to treat congenital cervical scoliosis in lower cervical and cervicothoracic spine. To evaluate and compare clinical and radiographic results of this procedure with classic hemivertebra resection procedure.Methods: This study reviewed 29 patients in last 13 years. These patients were divided into convex-side resection group (group R) and concave-side distraction group (group D). Radiographic assessment was based on parameter changes preoperatively, postoperatively and at last follow-up. Demographic data, surgical data and complications were also evaluated and compared between the 2 groups.Results: In group R, mean age was 8.9 ± 3.3 years and follow-up was 46 ± 18 months. Operation time and blood loss averaged 500 ± 100 minutes, 703 ± 367 mL. In group D, mean age was 9.9 ± 2.8 years and follow-up was 34 ± 14 months. Operation time and blood loss averaged 501 ± 112 minutes, 374 ± 181 mL. Structural Cobb angle was corrected from 29.4° ± 12.5° to 5.3° (2.1°–18.1°) (p = 0.001) and 33.7° ± 14.1° to 12.8° ± 11.4° (p < 0.001) in groups R and D. Compensatory Cobb angle had a spontaneous correction rate of 59.6% (40.0%–80.8%) and 59.7% ± 23.0% in groups R and D. Mandibular incline, clavicle angle and spine coronal balance were significantly improved at last follow-up in both groups. All correction rates were not statistically different between groups. However, group D had significant less blood loss (p < 0.001) and operation time (p = 0.004) per vertebra than group R. Seven patients developed C5 nerve root palsy and recovered by 6 months of follow-up.Conclusion: Both surgical procedures are safe and effective in correcting congenital cervical scoliosis. But concave-side distraction technique has less blood loss and time-consuming during surgery, which provides a better option for the treatment of congenital cervical scoliosis.
Diagnosis of Corm Rot Disease of Taro: Case Study at Maybrat - West Papua
Authors: Woyen Paulus , Sinaga Meity Suradji , Tondok Efi Toding , Soekarno Bonny Poernomo Wahyu
Published: November 2022

Talas (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) merupakan tanaman herba yang telah dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pangan di beberapa wilayah di dunia. Tanaman ini dipercaya berasal dari Asia Tenggara (Lebot et al. 2010). Di Maybrat, Papua Barat talas telah dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman bahan pangan pokok utama sejak dahulu oleh masyrakat lokal dan disebut dengan nama ‘Wiah atau Awiah’. Hingga awal tahun 2013, belum terdapat laporan yang memadai terkait serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman talas di daerah ini. Namun, pada pertengahan tahun 2013 petani setempat melaporkan adanya epidemi penyakit busuk umbi talas di pertanamannya. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk membuktikan penyebab penyakit busuk umbi talas di Maybrat. Pengujian dilakukan secara in vivo dan in planta pada umbi dan tanaman talas. Dari 38 isolat cendawan yang diisolasi, 50% bersifat patogen. Tiga isolat yang terpilih (Y1, YP1, dan S4) mampu menyebabkan pembusukan jaringan umbi secara in vivo dan kerusakan akar secara in planta. Uji in planta menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi gabungan dua isolat dari ketiganya mampu menyebabkan kerusakan akar yang berat. Secara morfologi, isolat YP1 dan S4 diidentifikasi sebagai Fusarium oxysporum dan Y1 merupakan F. solani. Ini merupakan laporan yang pertama tentang penyakit busuk umbi talas dari Maybrat, Papua Barat.
Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Kehidupan Berbangsa dan Bernegara di Era Generasi Milenial
Authors: Mulyaningrum Chitra Wahyu , Pratama Iqbal Bagas , Oktavia Nadia Ria , Fitriono Riska Andi
Published: November 2022

The dynamics in actualizing the values of Pancasila in the life of the nation and state in the era of the millennial generation is a form of necessity, so that Pancasila is always aligned in its function to provide guidance in the life of the nation and state as a policy-making and solving problems. Pancasila values have been inculcated since childhood, but if they are not studied and understood, they will easily fade. The millennial era is currently in the midst of the swift currents of western globalization. Pancasila values should be engraved in the spirit and brain of the ongoing millennium. The implied values contained in Pancasila are key in regulating individual behavior and mentality.
Operation Moonshot: rapid translation of a SARS-CoV-2 targeted peptide immunoaffinity liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry test from research into routine clinical use
Authors: Hällqvist Jenny , Lane Dan , Shapanis Andrew , Davis Kayleigh , Heywood Wendy E. , Doykov Ivan , Śpiewak Justyna , Ghansah Nana , Keevil Brian , Gupta Pankaj , Jukes-Jones Rebekah , Singh Raj , Foley Dominic , Vissers Johannes P.C. , Pattison Rebecca , Ferries Samantha , Wardle Robert , Bartlett Amy , Calton Lisa J. , Anderson Leigh , Razavi Morteza , Pearson Terry , Pope Matt , Yip Richard , Ng Leong L. , Nicholas Benjamin I. , Bailey Alistair , Noel Dan , Dalton R. Neil , Heales Simon , Hopley Christopher , Pitt Andrew R. , Barran Perdita , Jones Donald J. L. , Mills Kevin , Skipp Paul , Carling Rachel S.
Published: November 2022

Objectives

During 2020, the UK’s Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) established the Moonshot programme to fund various diagnostic approaches for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, the pathogen behind the COVID-19 pandemic. Mass spectrometry was one of the technologies proposed to increase testing capacity.

Methods

Moonshot funded a multi-phase development programme, bringing together experts from academia, industry and the NHS to develop a state-of-the-art targeted protein assay utilising enrichment and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to capture and detect low levels of tryptic peptides derived from SARS-CoV-2 virus. The assay relies on detection of target peptides, ADETQALPQRK (ADE) and AYNVTQAFGR (AYN), derived from the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2, measurement of which allowed the specific, sensitive, and robust detection of the virus from nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of LC-MS/MS was compared with reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) via a prospective study.

Results

Analysis of NP swabs (n=361) with a median RT-qPCR quantification cycle (Cq) of 27 (range 16.7–39.1) demonstrated diagnostic sensitivity of 92.4% (87.4–95.5), specificity of 97.4% (94.0–98.9) and near total concordance with RT-qPCR (Cohen’s Kappa 0.90). Excluding Cq>32 samples, sensitivity was 97.9% (94.1–99.3), specificity 97.4% (94.0–98.9) and Cohen’s Kappa 0.95.

Conclusions

This unique collaboration between academia, industry and the NHS enabled development, translation, and validation of a SARS-CoV-2 method in NP swabs to be achieved in 5 months. This pilot provides a model and pipeline for future accelerated development and implementation of LC-MS/MS protein/peptide assays into the routine clinical laboratory.
Crystal structure of bis(μ2-5-chloro-2-oxido-N-(1-oxido-2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)-benzohydrazonato-κ5
N,O,O′:N′,O′′)-oktakis(pyridine-κ1
N)trinickel(II) – methanol – pyridine (1/1/1) C76H65N13Cl2Ni3O9
Authors: Zhongyuan Zhou , Liguo Yang , Kun Zou , Jiaqi Fu , Xinyu Ji
Published: November 2022

C76H65N13Cl2Ni3O9, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 15.937(4) Å, b = 16.805(4) Å, c = 27.463(7) Å, β = 94.613(3)°, V = 7332(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0490, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1596, T = 298 K.
Comment on Rose: ‘Forensic and Expert Social Anthropology’
Authors: Good Anthony
Published: November 2022

This comment considers the applicability of Rose’s model of forensic social anthropology to a range of legal contexts, in particular to immigration and asylum appeals in the United Kingdom.
On new universal realizability criteria
Authors: Arrieta Luis E. , Soto Ricardo L.
Published: November 2022

A list

Λ
=

{

λ

1

,

λ

2

,

…

,

λ

n

}

\Lambda =\left\{{\lambda }_{1},{\lambda }_{2},\ldots ,{\lambda }_{n}\right\}

of complex numbers is said to be realizable if it is the spectrum of an entrywise nonnegative matrix and is said to be universally realizable (UR), if it is realizable for each possible Jordan canonical form allowed by

Λ

\Lambda

. In 1981, Minc proved that if

Λ

\Lambda

is diagonalizably positively realizable, then

Λ

\Lambda

is UR [Proc. Amer. Math. Society 83 (1981), 665–669]. The question whether this result holds for nonnegative realizations was open for almost 40 years. Recently, two extensions of Mins’s result have been obtained by Soto et al. [Spec. Matrices 6 (2018), 301–309], [Linear Algebra Appl. 587 (2020), 302–313]. In this work, we exploit these extensions to generate new universal realizability criteria. Moreover, we also prove that under certain conditions, the union of two lists UR is also UR, and for certain criteria, if

Λ

\Lambda

is UR, then for

t
≥
0

t\ge 0

,

Λ

t

=

{

λ

1

+
t
,

λ

2

±
t
,

λ

3

,

…

,

λ

n

}

{\Lambda }_{t}=\left\{{\lambda }_{1}+t,{\lambda }_{2}\pm t,{\lambda }_{3},\ldots ,{\lambda }_{n}\right\}

is also UR.
Clubs demokratischer Marktwirtschaften als Antwort auf geopolitische Spannungen?
Authors: Dieter Heribert
Published: November 2022

There is probably no way around the reorganization of the regulatory framework for cross-border trade in goods and services. The WTO cannot be reformed because of profound differences between important member states. Open clubs of market-based economies are a possible alternative. However, these plurilateral agreements must not be conceived as closed systems, but must be open to all states, whether democratically constituted or not. It is a matter of enforcing economic principles and not of implementing a values-based foreign economic policy. At the same time, it should not be forgotten that the international division of labor has ensured high gains in global welfare. Specialization, competition and the reduction of trade costs have made these successes possible, not state control. The re-emergence of government economic planning, for example in the production of semiconductors, is leading us in the wrong direction.
Monocelly
Authors: Prabowo Chandra Adi , Rizkiana Dwi Ria , Yuliani Dwi Sukmawati , Nugraheni Laili Indah , Qurrat ’Aini Mefta Rizki , Puspitasari Ratih Dewi
Published: November 2022

The structure and function of the cell is one of the essential topics in the biology classroom because it is one of the foundations for studying other topics in biology. Monocelly is a digital board game designed to help high school students identify and understand the structure and function of cells and the various organelles within them. This game was developed using Google Sheets to be easy to use and can even be modified by the teacher as needed to help students learn other materials using game-based learning designs.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ КАК СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ-ФИЛОЛОГОВ
Authors: Мамадалиева Саида Шухрат кизи
Published: November 2022

В статье освещаются психолого-педагогические основы обучения русскому языку как специальности студентов-филологов. Автор акцентирует на важность, что современный профессионал должен являться носителем новой интегральной способности, позволяющей ему быть субъектом собственной профессии и жизни: умение быстро ориентироваться в сложном и многоуровневом мире деятельности и ресурсов.
БЕРДАҚ ШЫҒАРМАЛАРЫНЫҢ ҒӘРЕЗСИЗЛИК ДӘЎИРИНДЕГИ ИЗЕРТЛЕНИЎ ЖАҒДАЙЛАРЫ (1991-2020-ЖЫЛЛАР)
Authors: Пирназарова Дилфуза Адилбаевна
Published: November 2022

Мақала XIX әсирдиң қарақалпақ классик әдебиятының ең уллы ўәкиллериниң бири, белгили қарақалпақ  шайыры Бердақтың тарийхый-эпикалық шығармаларын үйрениўге бағышланған.
ВЕЛИЧАЙШЕЕ ТВОРЕНИЕ ВЫДАЮЩЕГОСЯ УЧЕНОГО МАХМУДА КАШГАРИ В РАЗВИТИЕ МИРОВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ
Authors: Абдухаликова Дилфуза Абдухаликовна
Published: November 2022

В данной статье приводятся сведения о М.Кашгари. О его детстве, о том, каким он рос, где и у каких педагогов он получал образование. Принадлежность к высшим кругам караханидской знати позволила ему получить среднее и высшее образование в лучших учебных заведениях Кашгара в «Медресе хамидия» и «Медресе сажия» и продолжить образование в Бухаре и Нишапуре.  О сохранившийся главном труде его жизни – монументальная 700 страничная работа «Диван лугати ат-тюрк» – «Словарь тюркских языков», явившийся крупным вкладом в развитие мировой культуры. В словаре Махмуда Кашгари содержится также энциклопедические сведения о многих народах – соседях тюрков, их истории, языках и наречиях. В «Диван лугат ат-турк» были также представлены наблюдения и размышления великого философа о сути бытия, жизненных целях и устремлениях человека, морально-этических нормах.
MECHANISM OF MANAGEMENT OF INVESTMENT AND INNOVATIVE PROJECTS
Authors: Байкадам Асылзат Наурызбаевна
Published: November 2022

The present article represents introduction to the organizational mechanisms of management of projects – procedures of acceptance administrative decisions, based on development and the analysis of the mathematical models of organizational management of projects. General information about management of projects is given in the present article. Including – classification of projects; specifics of management of portfolios of projects in the organization. Such sections of the theory of management of projects, as are briefly described: calendar and network planning and management, "methodology" of management projects, information management systems projects.
Sugrįžimo prie mąstymo ištakų problema Levo Šestovo filosofijoje
Authors:   , Murašov Timofej
Published: November 2022

The problem of the return to the origins of thinking in Lev Shestov’s philosophy