bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organizational Social Capital and Performance Information use: The Mediating Role of Public Service Motivation
Authors: Tantardini Michele
Published: July 2022

This article examines the mediating role of public service motivation (PSM) between organizational social capital and performance information use. This topic is worth studying since it allows to understand how organizational level factors and individual level traits interact. Using a multiple informant survey distributed to county managers in Florida, this article finds support that organizational social capital is an important predictor of performance information use, and that this relationship is mediated by the role of PSM. The article concludes with recommendations on how to capitalize on these internal resources for the effective implementation of performance management reforms and practices.
Disambiguating the definitions of the concept ‘transformative innovation’
Authors: Xu Haiyun , Pang Hongshen , Winnink Jos , Luo Rui , Wang Chao
Published: July 2022

The definition of ‘transformative innovation’ is still ambiguous, making it difficult to develop more targeted strategies for steering scientific and technological innovation. In this study, taking extant academic publications as our research object, we used topic extraction and visualisation tools to explore the intersections and differences among transformative and other innovative concepts. The correlation degrees among the concepts related to ‘transformative innovation’ were used to distinguish the relationships among concepts related to ‘breakthrough innovation’ and ‘disruptive innovation’. We further analysed the definitional differences among ‘transformative innovation’, ‘emerging technology’ and ‘groundbreaking research’. The results showed that the concepts of ‘breakthrough innovation’ and ‘disruptive innovation’ can be integrated into the scope of ‘transformative innovation’. However, the definitions of ‘transformative innovation’, ‘emerging technology’ and ‘research frontier’ had their distinct characteristics. ‘Transformative innovation’ focused on major impactful technological changes. ‘Emerging technology’ focused on novel technology and its promoting. ‘Research frontier’ focused on research activities taking place at the frontiers of knowledge. Therefore, distinctive science and technology (S&T) policies are needed for the different types of innovation. This article introduces a novel multidimensional method to place the different concepts associated with ‘transformative innovation’ into a unified framework. This framework is expected to support policymakers in their S&T policymaking, and it would aid the work of S&T researchers.
Self-reported consumption frequency of meat and fish products among young adults in Kazakhstan
Authors: Akhmetova Venera , Balji Yuriy , Kandalina Yelena , Iskineyeva Ainara , Mukhamejanova Akmaral , Baspakova Akmaral , Uzakov Yassin , Issayeva Kuralay , Zamaratskaia Galia
Published: July 2022

Background: Meat and dairy products are important ingredients in Kazakhstan, although there are indications that high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with a risk of several non-communicable diseases and has an adverse impact on the environment. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of young adults in Kazakhstan, particularly meat and fish consumption frequency among university students in five regions of Kazakhstan. Methods: The assessment of meat and fish consumption was based on the food frequency questionnaire. Region of residence, age, sex, weight, height and parental education were also self-reported. Results: Meat consumption among the participants was lower than recommended consumption of 1500 g per week in Kazakhstan but almost two-fold higher than the World Cancer Research Fund recommendations of 500 g per week. Approximately 24% of the participants reported to consume meat every day. Only 8.6% of the participants reported fish consumption in line with the recommendation of approximately 270 g per week in Kazakhstan. Meat and fish consumption was fairly homogeneous across regions and sex. Conclusion: The results from this study contribute to the relatively limited information on meat and fish consumption in Kazakhstan. Further knowledge on dietary habits and probably improved nutrition recommendations on meat consumption in Kazakhstan are needed to protect public health and the environment.
Audiences of popular European television crime drama: A nine-country study on consumption patterns, attitudes and drivers of transcultural connection
Authors: Bengesser Cathrin , De Rosa Paola , Jensen Pia Majbritt , Spalletta Marica
Published: July 2022

This article presents findings of a mixed-methods audience study on consumption patterns and attitudes towards European television crime narratives among European viewers. Based on semi-structured interviews in Denmark, Germany and Italy, and a nine-country online survey (n1321), we asked how, when, where and why European audiences watch crime series, and whether watching non-domestic European crime narratives influences perceptions of the European ‘Other’. Our findings reveal preferences for Anglo-American content, combined with a criticality towards domestic content often perceived as stereotyped. While stereotypes and personal and previous non-mediated encounters draw viewers to European content, they do not necessarily challenge viewers’ perceptions of the European ‘Other’. It does, however, enable critical reflection on viewers’ domestic societies and TV cultures, leading to a process of banal cosmopolitanism.
An online survey of pelvic congestion support group members regarding comorbid symptoms and syndromes
Authors: Smith Steven J , Sichlau Michael , Sewall Luke E , Smith B Holly , Chen Brenda , Khurana Neal , Rowe Peter C
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Patients with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) often report overlapping somatic symptoms and syndromes. The objective of this study was to explore the prevalence of co-existing symptoms and self-reported syndrome diagnoses among women with PCS and to inform future research hypotheses.

Methods

A brief online survey was offered to members of a PCS support group website. Responses were assessed for self-reported co-existing symptoms and formal diagnoses, including: chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, postural tachycardia syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, migraines, interstitial cystitis, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Results

Of a total of 6000 members, there were 398 respondents; 232 (59%) had not yet been treated for PCS. Among these, the most prevalent co-existing symptoms were as follows: severe fatigue (72%), dizziness (63%), IBS symptoms (61%), brain fog (33%), migraines (49%), polyuria or dysuria (41%), excessive sweating (31%), TMJ pain (31%), and loose skin or lax joints (18%). These are much higher than reported for the general female population. The most commonly self-reported comorbid syndrome diagnoses for the overall group of 398 were: irritable bowel syndrome (29%), fibromyalgia (13%), spinal nerve problems (18%), interstitial cystitis (10%), postural tachycardia syndrome (9%), hypertension (11%), chronic fatigue syndrome (10%), and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (6%). Other than with hypertension, these rates are variably higher than in the general population.

Conclusion

Several self-reported co-existing symptoms and syndromes are more prevalent in members of a PCS support group relative to the reported prevalence in the general population. More formal investigation is warranted to evaluate this finding and to investigate potential etiologic links. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome appears to be common in self identifying PCS women.
Relationship between great saphenous vein recanalization, venous symptoms reappearance, and varicose veins recurrence rates after endovenous radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Bissacco Daniele , Stegher Silvia , Calliari Fabio , Casana Renato , Trimarchi Santi , Viani Marco P
Published: July 2022

The term “recurrence” in chronic venous disease remains not yet well defined, despite numerous reports describing patterns and causes of the presence of recurrent varicose veins (RVVs). Moreover, saphenous trunk recanalization (STR) has also been documented as one of the major source of RVVs and it is widely used to indicate the “failure” of endovenous ablation. Finally, reappearance of venous symptoms (VSym) should be considered to reach a complete “recurrence” evaluation. RVVs, STR, and VSym rates and mutual co-presence after endovenous treatments are still unclear. The aim of this report is to describe and analyze these three recurrence components after 6 years in patients underwent radiofrequency ablation of the great saphenous vein.
Evaluation of anomalies of major veins of the superficial venous system of lower limb in adults on color doppler: An observational study
Authors: Kachare Manohar , Jaisinghani Pooja , Kulkarni Sanjay
Published: July 2022

Objective

To evaluate the incidence of anomalies in the superficial venous system in lower limb.

Method

Triplex ultrasonography in clinically suspected cases of acute or chronic venous disease or congenital malformation was performed on 3189 lower limbs in 2000 patients (bilateral in 1189 and unilateral in 811) from Jan 2020 to Dec 2020.

Result

(1) Anomalies of great saphenous vein were observed in 496 cases (15.5%), (2) Anomalies of short saphenous vein were observed in 760 cases (23.8%), (3) Anomalies of accessory saphenous veins were seen in 984 (30.88%), 1501 (47%), 1068 (33.5%) and 774 (24.25%) corresponding to the anterior, posterior, lateral systems and posterior accessory vein of leg, respectively.

Conclusion

Anomalies of the superficial venous system in lower limb are very common and must be reported in every doppler study. These anomalous veins may be the cause for residual or recurrent disease in chronic venous insufficiency, which warrants further research.
Big N auditors and the quality of earnings: Evidence from Middle Eastern and North African countries
Authors: Al-Hiyari Ahmad , Kolsi Mohamed Chakib , Muqattash Riham
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the importance of audit quality has garnered significant attention by managements, academics and the general public. In this study, we examine the relationship between Big N auditors and earnings quality in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries, where cultural and institutional contexts are quite different from those in Western countries. In addressing this issue, we employ three audit quality metrics – value relevance, abnormal accruals and earnings persistence – and use the propensity score matching technique to deal with the potential endogeneity arising from the nature of external auditor choices. Contrary to the view that Big N auditors supply quality-differentiated audits, the results obtained employing a cross-country sample of publicly listed non-financial firms of 10 MENA countries during 2009–2019 provide evidence that Big N auditors are insignificantly associated with the three measures of audit quality. Furthermore, we find that the differences in audit quality between the two auditor groups are mainly due to the clients’ innate characteristics, rather than the competency of Big N auditors. Our results hold after performing different sensitivity analyses. Overall, our findings challenge the conventional notion that Big N auditors deliver quality-differentiated audits.
Green organizational identity and sustainable innovation in the relationship between environmental regulation and business sustainability: Evidence from China’s manufacturers
Authors: Liu Tiansen , Xing Xinpeng , Song Yazhi , Zhu Yu , Zhu Yue
Published: July 2022

Bridging government involvement and business sustainability, particularly in manufacturers, is becoming a new research interest. To enrich this knowledge area guided by the Institutional Theory, this study builds a multiple mediation model to investigate the effect of environmental regulation on business sustainability by concerning on the chain mediation effect of green organizational identity and sustainable exploration/exploitation innovations. China’s manufacturers that are a key component of emerging markets have been analyzed by this study because of their significant impacts on climate change, substantial contributions to the boom of industries, and distinctive governance structures. By investigating China’s manufacturers such as shipbuilding, energy, food, and daily necessities manufacturing sectors, we witness that the relationship between environmental regulation and business sustainability could be positively subsequently mediated by green organizational identity and sustainable innovation. While this identity does not exercise a positive mediation between environmental regulation and business sustainability significantly. Furthermore, both sustainable exploration/exploitation innovations exercise a significantly positive mediation between green organizational identity and business sustainability. We therefore conclude that manufacturers of emerging markets need a thoughtful deployment in pro-environmental psychologies and behaviors to closely bridge environmental regulation and business sustainability instead of only concerning on one aspect. This study has significant implications for emerging markets constructing a comprehensive as well as systematic pro-environmental path by using the merit of Institutional Theory to enhance business sustainability with more standardized and professional ways.
Translation of systems thinking to organizational goals: A systematic review
Authors: Bui Hong T.M. , Galanou Eleni
Published: July 2022

This study examines how systems thinking theories have been applied within organizational learning and management. This study follows the six phases developed in the systematic review undertaken by Greenhalgh et al. (2004) to review all publications of applications of systems thinking in organizations for a period of 25 years (1990–2015). This study reveals that using a unifying model that incorporates both soft systems thinking (SST) and critical systems thinking (CST) can enrich the stages of the application process (i.e. the data collection, data analysis, and evaluation). It offers a meticulous process that helps the individuals and organizations learn, plan, and implement systems thinking in their operations successfully. Understanding the application of systems thinking in organizational management will significantly help organizations strategize its priority, particularly when systems thinking is crucial for innovation and sustainability. The study shows that the participation of both practitioners and researchers during the process of applying systems thinking in improving organizational outcomes. This study develops a unifying model which incorporates both SST and CST by using systems thinking researchers as facilitators to solve complicated issues or transform the organization.
Leader humility and team creativity: The role of team creative efficacy and task interdependence
Authors: Li Ran , Wang Siting , Wang Hui
Published: July 2022

Although research on leader humility is developing into a prominent literature, the majority of studies have focused on the dyadic or individual rather than collective outcomes of leader humility. Thus, our understanding of the influencing mechanisms and boundary conditions of leader humility remains limited, particularly on the collective work outcome of team creativity, which requires more voluntary effort from employees. Drawing on social cognitive theory and social interdependence theory, our study investigates how leader humility promotes team creativity through team creative efficacy, with the moderation of a contextual factor, task interdependence. We used a sample of 84 teams and 393 employees surveyed in two waves of data collection. Overall, our study yields a mediated moderation model in which the positive indirect effect of leader humility via team creative efficacy on team creativity is stronger when team task interdependence is low rather than high. This study extends our understanding of how leader humility may influence work teams collectively and how the effectiveness of such a leader characteristic may be influenced by a structural factor of the work team. Other theoretical contributions and practical implications are also discussed.
Organizational structure and organizational learning: The moderating role of organizational defensive routines
Authors: Yang Yumei , Secchi Davide , Homberg Fabian
Published: July 2022

Literature on organizational learning (OL) shows that even firms who self-perceive themselves to have appropriate organizational structures still fail to generate appropriate learning outcomes. In this article, we claim that one of the neglected key factors explaining learning failures are organizational defensive routines (ODRs). Drawing on the literature, our theoretical inference is that high levels of ODRs can negatively moderate the relationship between organizational structures and OL. To test this moderation hypothesis, the study employs hierarchical regression analysis on a sample of 358 respondents from various industries in the United Kingdom. The result confirms that formalization negatively affects OL, and the effect of formalization on OL is negatively moderated by ODRs regardless of organizational age, size, and sector.
Assessing a Faith-Based Program for Trauma Healing Among Jail Inmates: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Jang Sung Joon , Johnson Byron R. , Bradshaw Matt , Na Chongmin
Published: July 2022

This paper assesses a faith-based, short-term program for trauma healing among incarcerated individuals, “Correctional Trauma Healing Program” (CTHP). We hypothesized that participation in the CTHP would reduce negative consequences of lifetime trauma: symptoms of PTSD, state depression, state anger, suicidal ideation, and the risk of interpersonal aggression. We also hypothesized that the reduction, if found, would be partly attributable to anticipated program outcomes (a decrease in vengefulness and an increase in religiosity, forgiveness, perceived forgiveness of God, gratitude to God, and perceived positive impact of the Bible). To test our hypotheses, we conducted a quasi-experimental study of 349 jail inmates in Virginia. Manifest-variable structural equation modeling was applied to analyze data from pretest and posttest surveys. As hypothesized, the CTHP reduced the negative consequences of trauma by increasing religiosity and other positive attributes and decreasing vengefulness directly and/or indirectly via increased religiosity. Implications and limitations of our study are discussed.
Psychometric Properties of the Reflective Function Questionnaire in Iranian Prisoners
Authors: Mohammadi Mahshid , Suksatan Wanich , Hussein Ali Muneam , Abdollahi Abbas , Allen Kelly A. , Sabeeh Majeed Mohammed , Salahian Afshin
Published: July 2022

Reflective functioning is the process of reflecting on the thoughts and feelings of oneself and others and is foundational to healthy human relationships. The 54-item Reflective Function Questionnaire (RFQ) is a self-report measure that assesses reflective functioning, initially developed while studying individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) . The purpose of the present study was to translate the RFQ from English to Persian and evaluate its reliability and validity among Iranian prisoners. The sample of this study included 509 (455 men and 54 women) Iranian prisoners. Findings confirm the translated measure had acceptable face and content validity. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed two dimensions of certainty (RFQ-c) and uncertainty (RFQ-u) of reflective functioning. The correlation analysis showed positive relationships between the dimensions of the RFQ and the borderline personality symptoms questionnaire and the emotional dissatisfaction questionnaire. Correlation analysis also showed negative associations between the dimensions of the RFQ and the Toronto Basic Empathy Scale (BES) and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) questionnaire, confirming the concurrent validity of the RFQ. The Cronbach’s alphas of the RFQ-c and RFQ-u subscales were .69 and .7 respectively, which demonstrated relatively acceptable internal consistency. The results of the analysis demonstrated that the translated RFQ had desirable psychometric properties for evaluating reflective function among Iranian prisoners.
Quantifying alpha, beta and gamma geodiversity
Authors: Tukiainen Helena , Maliniemi Tuija , Alahuhta Janne , Hjort Jan , Lindholm Marja , Salminen Henriikka , Snåre Henna , Toivanen Maija , Vilmi Annika , Heino Jani
Published: July 2022

Geodiversity is an emerging, multi-faceted concept in Earth and environmental sciences. Knowledge on geo-diversity is crucial for understanding functions of natural systems and in guiding sustainable development. Despite the critical nature of geodiversity information, data acquisition and analytical methods have lagged behind the conceptual developments in biosciences. Thus, we propose that geodiversity research could adopt the framework of alpha, beta and gamma concepts widely used in biodiversity research. Especially, geodiversity research would benefit from widening its scope from the evaluation of individual sites towards more holistic geodiversity assessments, where between-site geodiversity is also considered. In this article, we explore the alpha, beta and gamma concepts and how they can be applied in a geodiversity framework. In addition, we scrutinize the statistical methodology related to alpha, beta and gamma geodiversity evaluations, with a special focus on distance metrics for measuring beta geodiversity. As an overview of the process, and to give practical guidelines for the application of the proposed methodology, we present a case study from a UNESCO Global Geopark area. Thus, this study not only develops the geodiversity concept, but also paves the way for simultaneous understanding of both geodiversity and biodiversity within a unified conceptual approach.
KCl-induced repetitive cortical spreading depression inhibiting trigeminal neuronal firing is mediated by 5-HT1B/1D and opioid receptors
Authors: Supronsinchai Weera , Hoffmann Jan , Akerman Simon , Goadsby Peter J
Published: July 2022

Background

We aimed to examine the effects of repetitive cortical spreading depression on the responses of nociceptive trigeminal neurons with dural afferents and characterize the role of 5-HT1B/1D and opioid receptors.

Methods

Trigeminocervical complex neurons ( n = 53) responsive to nociceptive activation of the dura mater were studied in rats using electrophysiological techniques.

Results

A sub-population ( n = 32) showed an average inhibition of dural-evoked responses of 65 ± 14% from baseline with cortical spreading depression. This response was reversed by the selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist, GR127935 (3 mg/kg; n = 6, iv), and a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1.5 mg/kg; n = 6, iv), five minutes after injection. To determine the role of the nucleus raphe magnus in the trigeminocervical complex inhibitory effect, microinjection of lidocaine (2%, n = 6) or muscimol (100 mM, n = 5) into the nucleus raphe magnus was performed. There was no effect on cortical spreading depression-induced inhibition of neuronal firing in trigeminocervical complex by either.

Conclusion

The data demonstrate that repetitive cortical spreading depression inhibits a subpopulation of dural nociceptive trigeminocervical neurons, an effect mediated by serotonin and opioid receptors. This inhibition does not involve modulation of nucleus raphe magnus neurons.
Evaluating the Impacts of Freeway Speed Limit Increases on Various Speed Measures: Comparisons Between Spot-Speed, Permanent Traffic Recorder, and Probe Vehicle Data
Authors: Gupta Nischal , Mahmud Md Shakir , Jashami Hisham , Savolainen Peter T. , Gates Timothy J.
Published: July 2022

The state of Michigan increased the maximum speed limit for passenger cars from 70 to 75 mph on 614 mi of rural freeways between May and June of 2017. The maximum speed limit for trucks was also increased from 60 to 65 mph on all freeways where the passenger car limit was 65 mph or above. This study examined the effects of these changes on traffic speed characteristics. Speed data were collected before the speed limit increases were introduced, as well as at several intervals afterward using three different data sources. Free-flow speed data were collected from spot-speed studies using light detection and ranging (LIDAR) devices whereas aggregate-level traffic speed data were obtained from both permanent traffic recorder (PTR) stations, as well as from probe vehicle data. These data were integrated with associated roadway and traffic characteristics and the impacts of the speed limit changes were evaluated using seemingly unrelated regression equations, which provide insights into how these increases affected the 15th, 50th, and 85th percentile speeds, as well as the standard deviation in speeds. Regardless of data source, the results consistently showed increases in each speed metric. However, the magnitude of these increases varied from 1.1 to 3.2 mph depending on the specific metric and data source. Marginal changes in speeds were observed at sites where speed limits were not changed, suggesting limited spillover effect. Several site-specific characteristics were also correlated with speed selection, with these effects being less pronounced when considering free-flow and probe vehicle data as compared to PTR.
Differences in Glenohumeral Range of Motion and Humeral Torsion Between Right-Handed and Left-Handed Professional Baseball Pitchers
Authors: Harris Jeremy , Maier Jacob , Freeston Jonathan , Soloff Lonnie , Himmerick Daniel , Pipkin Andrew , Genin Jason A. , Schickendantz Mark S. , Frangiamore Salvatore J.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Elite pitchers have demonstrated significant differences in glenohumeral range of motion and humeral torsion compared with the nonthrowing population. Furthermore, abnormal shoulder range of motion measurements have been associated with different injury risks and challenges in assessing rehabilitation progress. Variations in range of motion and torsion due to handedness in the asymptomatic professional population have yet to be investigated in the literature.

Hypothesis:

No significant differences in glenohumeral range of motion and humeral torsion would exist between asymptomatic right- and left-handed professional pitchers.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

217 Major League Baseball pitchers from a single organization were evaluated over a 7-year period between 2013 and 2020. Range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer. Ultrasound scanning was used to determine neutral position of the shoulder, and the degree of humeral torsion was measured with a goniometer.

Results:

Right-handed pitchers demonstrated significantly greater values of glenohumeral external rotation (118.5° vs 112.7°; P < .001) in their throwing arms compared with their left-handed counterparts. Right-handed pitchers also showed greater values of glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (13.9° vs 4.8°; P < .001) and side-to-side differences in humeral retrotorsion (−23.1° vs −2.2°; P < .001). Left-handed pitchers demonstrated significantly greater flexion deficits in the throwing arm compared with their right-handed counterparts (7.5° vs 0.0°; P < .001).

Conclusion:

In the throwing arm, right-handed pitchers demonstrated significantly greater measures of external rotation, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, and humeral retrotorsion compared with left-handed counterparts. Furthermore, right-handed pitchers demonstrated a significant side-to-side difference in retrotorsion, whereas left-handed pitchers did not. However, left-handed pitchers demonstrated a side-to-side shoulder flexion deficit that was not present in the cohort of right-handed pitchers. The correlation between humeral retrotorsion and increased external rotation indicates that osseous adaptations may play a role in range of motion differences associated with handedness. Additionally, these findings may explain observed differences in several throwing metrics between right- and left-handed pitchers. Knowledge of these differences can inform rehabilitation programs and shoulder maintenance regimens.
Corporate Mindfulness Culture and Neoliberalism
Authors: Wrenn Mary V.
Published: July 2022

Corporate mindfulness is the favorite labor management technique of the neoliberal period. The formalized packaging of corporate mindfulness began in the late 1970s but was built on a long tradition of attempts to hack the minds of workers in the United States. What distinguishes these previous attempts from corporate mindfulness is the strong ideological connection between corporate mindfulness and neoliberalism, the ideological operant of this modern stage of capitalism. This research establishes and explores that connection and the contradictions wrought by it, by examining the ways in which workers’ stress, anxieties, and complaints are elided and workers are instead subjected to the directed introspection of corporate mindfulness programs and further socialized to understand the workplace as community.

JEL Classification: B52, Z12, N00
Que peut la comparaison multiniveau dans l’identification de mécanismes causaux ? Réflexions à partir d’une enquête sur les projets coopératifs d’énergie renouvelable en Europe
Authors: Wokuri Pierre
Published: July 2022

La recherche d’explications causales des processus sociaux est un objectif partagé par de nombreux travaux de sciences sociales. Cet article revient sur cet enjeu en montrant en quoi une comparaison multiniveau peut contribuer à l’identification de mécanismes causaux. À partir d’une enquête sur les projets coopératifs d’énergie renouvelable en Europe, l’auteur met tout d’abord en évidence les outils mobilisés pour faire face aux deux défis permettant d’identifier et conceptualiser les mécanismes causaux : le dilemme du choix des unités d’analyse et la collecte du matériau empirique, son analyse et l’explicitation des résultats. Pour faire face à l’enjeu de la sélection des unités d’analyse, l’univers d’investigation de l’objet traité a été distingué puis trois niveaux d’analyse ont été retenus pour saisir à la fois les dimensions structurelles et stratégiques du phénomène observé. Pour relever le challenge de la collecte et de l’analyse du matériau, d’une part, les empreintes empiriques ont été distinguées selon les niveaux d’analyse, mises en relation avec quatre types de preuves via la méthode de process tracing et d’autre part, des représentations graphiques ont été réalisées pour donner à voir les mécanismes identifiés. L’auteur met en ensuite en lumière que la comparaison multiniveau permet de préciser les relations entre niveaux au-delà des mécanismes d’influence et de circulation et que ce type de comparaison permet de mettre en évidence des mécanismes qui combinent dimensions stratégiques et structurelles ainsi que des mécanismes cognitifs.
Nano zinc oxide decorated latex drainage: A promising antibacterial material prevent retrograde infection associated with drainage
Authors: Tao Li , Chao Zhang , Jingyu Jia , Xigao Cheng
Published: July 2022

Surgical site infections (SSI) represent a considerable burden for healthcare systems. Studies show retrograde infection of the drainage tube is an important cause of surgical site infection. To this end, Surgeons work in various ways to reduce the incidence of retrograde infections. Fast progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology is revolutionizing the field of medicine to improve the quality of life due to the myriad of applications stemming from their unique properties, including the antibacterial activity against pathogens. Herein, we investigate the antibacterial properties of a novel nanomaterial composed of nano zinc oxide-decorated latex drainages. These materials were produced by the hydrothermal method and characterized through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and DLS (Dynamic light scattering techniques). Then inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements showed that nano zinc oxide on the surface of the latex drainages showed a gradient release process. The antimicrobial activity of nano zinc oxide -decorated latex drainage was evaluated against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the main bacteriological agent in the retrograde infection associated with drainage. The results showed that slices and rods nano zinc oxide (SAR-ZnO) drainage tubes had the best antibacterial properties both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the cell viability assay demonstrated that nano zinc oxide-decorated latex drainages exerted good biocompatibility. Therefore, SAR-ZnO drainage tubes can be a perfect nanomaterial against the retrograde infection associated with drainage.
Optimization of decellularized liver matrix-modified chitosan fibrous scaffold for C3A hepatocyte culture
Authors: Zhou Junjing , Wu Xinglian , Zhao Chaochen
Published: July 2022

Hepatocyte scaffold is an essential part in bioartificial liver device. We have designed a novel hepatocyte scaffold based on porcine liver extracellular matrix (ECM) and chitosan (CTS) fabrics. This CTS-ECM scaffold can improve cell adhesion and proliferation. In the present study, an orthogonal test was designed to optimize the CTS/ECM composite scaffold, in which ECM concentration, EDC concentration and EDC to NHS ratio were taken as factors, proportion of nitrogen element and hydroxyproline content as indicators. The cytocompatibility of the novel scaffold for C3A hepatocytes was analyzed in vitro. The orthogonal test demonstrated that the optimal scaffold should be based on ECM concentration of 5 mg/mL, EDC concentration of 5 mg/mL, and EDC to NHS ratio 1:1. C3A hepatocytes cultured on the optimized CTS-ECM scaffolds showed stronger proliferation and functionality than those on Cytodex3 microcarriers ( p < 0.05). The CTS/ECM composite scaffold may be widely used as a promising hepatocyte culture carrier, especially in bioartificial liver support systems.
Troubling the trope of the authoritarian father: Perspectives from the Arab World
Authors: Viruru Radhika , Eslami Zohreh , Cherif Maha
Published: July 2022

Recent scholarship has viewed fatherhood from a variety of angles of encounter. In this paper studies that focus on the trope of authoritarian fatherhood in the Arab World were reviewed; extensive variability emerged as to what constitutes authoritarian parenting as well as how it is experienced by children. The authors conclude that current scholarship supports the notion of emergent fatherhood as suggested by Inhorn (2012, 2016) and explore the implications of this concept for the study of childhood.
Predicting Child-Labour Risks by Norms in India
Authors: Kim Jihye , Olsen Wendy , Wiśniowski Arkadiusz
Published: July 2022

This article aims to understand how social and gender norms affect child labour in India, which is mainly defined by a work-hours threshold. It develops a regression model using two datasets – the Indian Human Development Survey 2011/2012 and the World Value Survey India 2012 – to predict child-labour risks based on such norms. The gender and development approach provides a theoretical foundation for applying norms in association with social and gender relations. The results of the regression model have revealed that a norm supportive of women’s work and a benevolent attitude norm help reduce the risk of child labour. In contrast, seclusion norms show an opposite association with child labour. Child-labour practices are varied because agents accept or deny norms as part of the social structure. Our findings confirm that the transformation of restricted norms on gender could help reduce child labour in India.
The synthesis, characterization and carbon dioxide adsorption of polyimide aerogels containing Tröger’s base units
Authors: Gao Yangfeng , Dong Chao , Zhang Fan , Leng Xuefei , Li Yang
Published: July 2022

Microporous polymers with uniform pores and large specific surface areas have been extensively studied in the field of CO2 adsorption and separation. However, the synthesis of these microporous materials is quite complex and difficult to achieve large-scale production and application. In this study, we have successfully synthesized a novel mesoporous polyimide aerogel containing Tröger’s base using a facile and mild method at room temperature. Thermal decomposition temperature of the obtained polyimide aerogels was above 420°C, which exhibited outstanding thermal stability. The maximum adsorption capacity of CO2 is 24.08 cm3/g. The high CO2 adsorptions are attributed to the abundance of nitrogen-rich heteroatoms in the polyimide networks. The mild and convenient preparation method and high CO2 adsorptive capacity indicate that the mesoporous polyimide aerogels with Tröger’s base can also be suitable as an adsorbent for CO2 capture in industrial applications.
Study on the forming precision optimization of built-in flow channel structure manufactured by selective laser melting
Authors: Xie Ziwen , Wu Meiping , Shi Xiaojie , Lu Peipei , Miao Xiaojin
Published: July 2022

Aiming to improve the manufacturing accuracy of the build-in channels by selective laser melting (SLM), an anti-deformation model was established which was based on the simulation results of deformation and stress distribution of channel structure models with different length-depth ratios in SLM process by Simufact Additive software. It is demonstrated that the length of the channel structure is proportional to the deformation. Conversely, with the depth of the channel increases, the total distortion has a tendency of decreasing. The anti-deformation model can effectively reduce the amount of adhesive powder and deformation on the inner surface of printing parts, and improve the forming accuracy. In particular, the double-peak distortion occurs when the length and depth of the channel are 20 and 60 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the roughness of overhanging surface is improved by 41.21% after compensating by anti-deformation mathematical model.
Experimental investigation of a solar-charged sorption thermal battery
Authors: Karim Nejhad Majid , Aydin Devrim , Rezaei Marzieh
Published: July 2022

In the present study, an integrated solar-driven sorption energy storage unit was investigated under real climatic conditions in Famagusta, North Cyprus. Vermiculite–CaCl2 was selected as the working material due to its high energy density, good cyclic ability and low cost. Three series of charging–discharging experiments were performed employing the developed solar-driven thermochemical heat storage system. The discharging tests were performed during the night for duration of 5 h. During the discharging experiments, temperature and relative humidity of inlet air were between 21 and 24°C and 80% and 90%, respectively. Under these conditions, the average energy output over three cycles was found to be 2.1 kWh, with an average energy storage density of 156 kWh/m3. A manufactured parabolic solar concentrator was utilized to provide the required thermal energy in the charging process. Hence, the average surface temperature of the reactor was in the range of 78°C–83°C. The average solar energy supply and desorption energy utilized in the charging process were 5.56 and 1.75 kWh, respectively. The rate of moisture desorption was 6.5 g/min while the thermo-cyclic efficiency was 38%.
Design, failure analysis, and optimization of a high-flow water valve: A case study
Authors: Liao Yaoyao , Tao Ze , Lian Zisheng
Published: July 2022

An 800-L/min high-flow water cartridge poppet valve with the commonly used single feed channel was designed to meet the moving speed of the hydraulic powered roof support in the coal mine. Mathematical model was used to explore the dynamic displacement of the valve, and the experimental displacement was measured to verify the accuracy of the simulation value. However, an interesting phenomenon occurred that the experimental opening and closing time of the valve becomes longer and longer with the increase of flow, even vibration appears when the flow is up to 800 L/min, and the simulation error is also getting bigger. To find the reason and solutions, the computational fluid dynamics technology is used. It is discovered that the valve is subjected to radial imbalanced force that is not considered in the initial mathematical model, which leads to big simulation error at high flow condition. Then, the new mathematical model is proposed. The relative simulation error of the response time decreases to 11.7% from 33.3% in the opening process and decreases to 4.6% from 76.9% in the closing process at 800 L/min. A symmetrical dual channel is designed to improve the performance of the valve. The imbalanced force on the dual-channel valve is 63.9% lower than that of the original valve, and the corresponding opening and closing time decreases by 37.5% and 69%, respectively. Furthermore, a double channel valve with auxiliary passage is proposed for super high flow valves. The innovation of this study is correcting the mathematical model by considering the additional radial imbalanced force induced by the asymmetrical flow channel of the valve. It is of great help to successful design of the 800-L/min water directional valve. The case study systematically provides reference for design, failure analysis, and optimization of new products in fluid engineering.
Relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter variation with local defect resonance frequencies and its different harmonics
Authors: Hanuman NSVN , Bose Tanmoy
Published: July 2022

In recent times, nonlinear ultrasonic inspection has become a very reliable technique to characterize micro-scale cracks and small-scale delaminations. In this paper, an analytical framework is developed for the orthotropic composite plate to calculate the variation of relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter, a quantitative measurement of nonlinearity at the delamination region. The analytical investigation is justified with numerical and experimental research using a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) plate with three delaminations. Two incident waves are used for excitation, out of which the first wave frequency is varied as local defect resonance (LDR) frequency ( fd), subharmonic LDR frequency (2 fd), second-order superharmonic LDR frequency ( fd/2), and third-order superharmonic LDR frequency ( fd/3) while the second incident wave is taken as a single periodic frequency. Different delamination sizes, positions, and depths were used to understand the second-order relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter ( β2) with other LDR frequencies as well as its harmonics. It has been observed from analytical, numerical, and experimental results that the relative acoustic nonlinearity parameter is maximum at LDR frequencies. It increases in case of surface level delaminations.
A study on the discussion on Library 5.0 and the generation of Library 1.0 to Library 5.0
Authors: Noh Younghee
Published: July 2022

In order for libraries to survive as necessary institutions in the era of the fourth Industrial Revolution, new strategies and directions must be sought by closely analyzing key trends and challenges. This study attempted to organize Library models 1.0 through 5.0 by comprehensively analyzing the core trends surrounding the library, that is, the advent of the fourth Industrial Revolution era; the promotion of the Korean version of the New Deal policy; and Gartner’s global IT trend. To this end, major references discussing Web 5.0 and Library 5.0 in Web 1.0 and Library 1.0 and all related documents (e.g. Google Scholar, EbscoHost, LISA, etc.) were analyzed. Key and representative keywords forming the Library 5.0 model were derived, and based on this, the substance of each version of the library model was presented.
Whither Inhibition?
Authors: Werner Kaitlyn M. , Inzlicht Michael , Ford Brett Q.
Published: July 2022

Inhibition is considered a process essential to goal pursuit and as a result has become a central construct in many disciplines in psychology and adjacent fields. Despite a century’s worth of debate, however, there is little consensus about what inhibition actually is. We suggest that it is time to abandon the concept of inhibition as it currently stands, given that its definition has been problematic. Instead, we propose an alternative framework in which inhibition is the target outcome, rather than a process to obtain a goal. We leverage existing process models to elucidate how people can achieve an inhibition goal by actively regulating impulses and desires. Although the field has been led astray by classifying inhibition as a process, our framework is intended to provide greater practical utility to the study of goal pursuit moving forward.
Maujan.pk: Nothing Ventured; Nothing Gained
Authors: Abdin Khawaja Zain ul , Ali Khudejah , Khan Shanze
Published: July 2022

The case helps the students explore a capacity utilization problem faced by the CEO of Maujan.pk. The financial statements from the fiscal year 2013–2014 put the CEO, Tahir, in a difficult spot. According to these reports, his main business, which was online discount coupons, has been outpaced in growth by his side business, Facebook management. Tahir had launched the Facebook management business as an afterthought; his strategic business decisions never factored it as a major consideration. Now, Tahir is forced to reflect on this matter, especially because of resource constraints. Being a small company with six employees, he has had to share resources between the two businesses. Now that his side business has grown faster than the main business, Tahir finds himself understaffed. Meanwhile, the original business is slowing down, and few avenues of growth are forthcoming due to network congestion (network effects model). Keeping this in mind, a decision must be made to choose one of the two businesses or expand and continue them both. The expansion would mean significant logistic overhead and initial resource starvation. This is perplexing for someone like Tahir, who is a real hands-on manager. Eventually, inaction would lead him to these problems, as the business would continue to grow to further compete for the same resources. Each decision has its merits and demerits in a fast-moving Pakistani digital market where copycat businesses can spring up within days, and customer loyalty is mercurial at best.
Clostridium piliforme and canine distemper virus coinfection in 2 domestic dog littermates and a gray fox kit
Authors: Jacobson Sarah A. , Ferro Pamela J. , Navarro Mauricio A. , Uzal Francisco A. , Edwards Erin E.
Published: July 2022

Concurrent Clostridium piliforme and canine distemper virus (CDV) infection was diagnosed in 2 canine littermates and 1 gray fox kit from Texas, USA. In all 3 animals, intracytoplasmic, filamentous bacteria, consistent with C. piliforme, were present along the margins of foci of hepatic necrosis. Additional histologic findings included intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusion bodies in bile duct and bronchial epithelial cells of the fox kit, and mild intestinal necrosis in 1 puppy. PCR assays confirmed the presence of C. piliforme in all 3 animals, CDV in both puppies, and canine parvovirus in 1 puppy. Fluorescent antibody testing confirmed the presence of CDV in the fox kit. Concurrent canine distemper and Tyzzer disease in canine littermates and the gray fox has not been reported previously, to our knowledge.