bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New insights into the function of lipid droplet‐related proteins and lipid metabolism of salt‐stimulated porcine biceps femoris: label‐free quantitative phosphoproteomics, morphometry and bioinformatics
Authors: Pan Jiajing , Jin Yongguo , Jin Haobo , Li Chengliang , Zhang Yan , Liu Yuanyi , Jin Guofeng , Zhao Jianying , He Lichao , Sheng Long
Published: July 2023

Background

Lipid droplets (LDs) are important multifunctional organelles responsible for lipid metabolism of postmortem muscle. However, the dynamics in their building blocks (cores and layers) and phosphorylation of lipid droplet‐related proteins (LDRPs) regulating meat lipolysis remain unknown at salt‐stimulated conditions.

Results

LDRPs extracted from cured porcine biceps femoris (1% and 3% salt) were subjected to label‐free quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis and LDs morphological validation. Results indicated that 3% salt curing significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) content with increase in glycerol and decrease in LDs fluorescence compared to 1% salt curing. Comparative phosphoproteomics showed that there were significant changes in phosphorylation at 386 sites on 174 LDRPs between assayed groups (P < 0.05). These differential proteins were mainly involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Curing of 3% salt induced more site‐specific phosphorylation of perilipin 1 (PLIN1, at Ser81) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL, at Ser399) than 1%, whereas the phosphorylation (at Ser600) of hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL) was up‐regulated. Ultrastructure imaging showed that LDs were mostly associated with mitochondria, and the average diameter of LDs decreased from 2.34 μm (1% salt) to 1.73 μm (3% salt).

Conclusion

Phosphoproteomics unraveled salt‐stimulated LDRPs phosphorylation of cured porcine meat provoked intensified lipolysis. Curing of 3% salt allowed an enhanced lipolysis than 1% by up‐regulating the phosphorylation sites of LDRPs and recruited lipases. The visible splitting of LDs, together with sarcoplasmic disorganization, supported the lipolysis robustness following 3% salt curing. The finding provides optimization ideas for high‐quality production of cured meat products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Technical note: Realization and uncertainty analysis for an adjustable 3D structured breast phantom in digital breast tomosynthesis
Authors: Salomon Elisabeth , Unger Ewald , Homolka Peter , Cockmartin Lesley , Petrov Dimitar , Semturs Friedrich , Songsaeng Chatsuda , Panagiotis Kapetas , Vancoillie Liesbeth , Figl Michael , Sommer Alexander , Bosmans Hilde , Hummel Johann
Published: July 2023

Background

Projection imaging phantoms are often optimized for 2‐dimensional image characteristics in homogeneous backgrounds. Therefore, evaluation of image quality in tomosynthesis (DBT) lacks accepted and established phantoms.

Purpose

We describe a 3D breast phantom with a structured, variable background. The phantom is an adaptable and advanced version of the L1 phantom by Cockmartin et al. Phantom design and its use for quality assurance measurements for DBT devices are described. Four phantoms were compared to assess the objectivity.

Methods

The container size was increased to a diameter of 24 cm and a total height of 53.5 mm. Spiculated masses were replaced by five additional non‐spiculated masses for higher granularity in threshold diameter resolution. These patterns are adjustable to the imaging device. The masses were printed in one session with a base layer using two‐component 3D printing. New materials compared to the L1 phantom improved the attenuation difference between the lesion models and the background. Four phantoms were built and intra‐human observer, inter‐human observer and inter‐phantom variations were determined. The latter assess the reproducibility of the phantom production. Coefficients of variance (V) were calculated for all three variations.

Results

The difference of the attenuation coefficients between the lesion models and the background was 0.20 cm−1 (with W/Al at 32 kV, equivalent to 19–20 keV effective energy) compared to 0.21 cm−1 for 50/50 glandular/adipose breast tissue and cancerous lesions. PMMA equivalent thickness of the phantom was 47.0 mm for the Siemens Mammomat Revelation. For the masses, the for the intra‐observer variation was 0.248, the averaged inter‐observer variation, was 0.383. for phantom variance was 0.321. For the micro‐calcifications, was 0.0429, 0.0731 and 0.0759.

Conclusions

Position, orientation and shape of the masses are reproducible and attenuation differences appropriate. The phantom presented proved to be a candidate test object for quality control.
First‐principles study of optical and thermoelectric properties of Zn3As2 and ZnSb
Authors: Hnuna Lai , Haidar El‐Abed , Djamel Bezzerga , Stampfl Catherine , Mohammed Sahnoun , Pachuau Zaithanzauva
Published: July 2023

Thermoelectric materials have an important role in electronic chips due to their capability of heat and electricity interconversion. Here we investigated thermoelectric properties of Zn3As2 and ZnSb by using density functional theory combined with the Boltzmann transport equation. We evaluated the well‐known thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of both materials and found a maximum ZT of 0.09 and 0.27 for Zn3As2 and ZnSb at 200°C and 1000°C, respectively. While investigating the electronic properties, we found that Zn3As2 has a direct band‐gap at the Γ‐point of 1.01 eV, while ZnSb has an indirect bandgap of 0.65 eV. Both materials exhibited high optical absorption and reflectivity in the visible and UV regions, which suggest that these materials are beneficial in photovoltaic cells, along with thermoelectric applications.
Some modified estimators for efficient estimation of power function model
Authors: Bhatti Sajjad Haider , Irfan Muhammad , Azeem Muhammad , Javed Maria , Raza Muhammad Ali
Published: July 2023

The Power Function distribution is one of the most suitable distributions for failure times modeling, especially of electric components and devices. The article proposes some new modified estimators for parameter estimation of the Power Function distribution. The proposed modified estimators are based on the mean and geometric mean of the distribution. The performance of these estimators is compared with existing traditional and modified estimators by means of Monte Carlo simulation and two real‐life examples. Total mean square error, total relative deviation, root mean square error and mean absolute error are used as performance criteria. The performance of the estimators is also compared on two real‐life data sets repressing the device failures times. From both, Monte Carlo simulation and real‐life applications, the results indicated that the proposed modified estimators perform better than the competing estimators and hence their use is recommended for parameter estimation of the Power Function probability model. The findings will help to get more precise parameter estimates for the distribution which is very much applied in different fields particularly in modelling failure times of electronic devices and components.
Cost and value of office‐based facial plastic and reconstructive surgery procedures
Authors: Hamberis Alexandra O. , Gray Mingyang L.
Published: July 2023

Introduction

This chapter will provide an overview of factors affecting the cost of office‐based procedures in Facial Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery (FPRS), and will discuss the value of office‐based interventions.

Material and Methods

An in‐depth literature review was conducted using multiple primary and secondary sources. Literature from multiple disciplines was included in the review, including otolaryngology, anesthesiology, surgery, public health, and economics.

Discussion/Conclusions

A wide variety of procedures can be performed in an FPRS office. Large upfront costs to the office include laser, electrocautery and surgical equipment. These investments will yield an initial negative cost margin until sufficient case volume is achieved. It is often in the best interest of the patient to perform a procedure in‐office and avoid the facility and anesthesia fees associated with a surgical center or hospital. Costs and reimbursements vary greatly across regions and facilities. Additionally, overall cost depends on payer mix, procedures performed, and productivity of the practice. The scarcity of literature on this topic as it applies specifically to FPRS indicates that further research is needed to elucidate the value of common facial plastics procedures in an office‐based setting.
Endogenous Entry and Growth of Firms with Heterogeneous Firms
Authors: Münter Markus Thomas
Published: July 2023

We analyze the impact of persistent cost heterogeneity of potential firms on free entry equilibria under a Cournot setting. We show that firm heterogeneity always reduces the number of firms in equilibrium, and that vertical and horizontal market growth have different effects on industry population and firm dynamics. Vertical market growth always promotes entry and growth of new firms, but heterogeneity weakens this effect. For horizontal market growth, we identify two growth regimes: incumbents dominate in large markets with significant heterogeneity, while new entrants grow faster in smaller markets with low heterogeneity. In contrast to existing research, we show that higher degrees of heterogeneity among potential firms reduces entry rates in both cases.
Health literacy in female patients affected by anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: a cross-sectional study with pair-matched controls
Authors: Campanino Chiara , Falone Andrea , Rossi Eleonora , Angeletti Lorenzo Lucherini , Cassioli Emanuele , Gemignani Sara , Brogioni Giulietta , Castellini Giovanni , Bonaccorsi Guglielmo , Mannucci Edoardo , Ricca Valdo , Rotella Francesco
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Health Literacy (HL) consists in all the skills and knowledges used by people to understand and seek health-related information. Inadequate levels of HL substantially affect many different aspects of health. The primary aim of the present study was to assess levels of HL in female patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), compared with matched control subjects.

Methods

A consecutive series of 64 female patients with AN and BN (mean age 23.1 ± 7.0) was enrolled, matched with 64 female control subjects (mean age 23.7 ± 7.1). Both groups completed the Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) and the Newest Vital Sign (NVS), which evaluate subjective and objective HL level respectively.

Results

Patients with AN and BN showed lower levels of subjective HL (10.0 ± 3.5 vs. 11.3 ± 3.0) and higher levels of objective HL (5.0 ± 1.3 vs. 3.6 ± 1.6) when compared with controls. No difference between AN and BN was found. No correlation between HLS-EU-Q16 Total Score and duration of illness was found. A negative correlation was found between EDE-Q Eating Concerns and subjective HL levels. HLS-EU-Q16 Total Score was predicted by educational level in control subjects only, while NVS Total Score was not predicted by educational level in control subjects nor in patients.

Conclusion

Patients with AN and BN had lower levels of subjective HL. NVS scores could overestimate objective HL in female patients with AN and BN. The promotion of HL in areas differing from those that concern nutritional characteristics of food, could be a therapeutic target for these patients.

Level of evidence

III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.
Developmental differences in reported speech and internal state language in preschoolers’ personal narratives
Authors: WELLIVER Megan E. , DAVIDSON Alice J. , MCCRARY Alexandra
Published: July 2023

The present study explored developmental differences in preschoolers’ use of reported speech and internal state language in personal narratives. Three-, four-, and five-year-olds attending a laboratory preschool shared 204 stories about ‘a time when you were happy/sad’. Stories were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded for reported speech (direct, indirect, narrativized) and internal state language (cognitive states, total emotion terms, unique emotion terms). Personal narratives told by five-year-olds included more cognitive states and more narrativized speech than those told by three- and four-year-olds, even when accounting for children’s vocabulary skills, and that reported speech (narrativized, direct) were positively correlated with cognitive state talk. These findings highlight distinct shifts in children’s use of cognitive state talk and reported speech in personal narratives told at age five. Associations between reported speech and internal state language are both informed by and support Vygotsky’s (1978) fundamental claim that psychological processes are socially mediated by language.
Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among employees in catering and public place industries in Nanjing, China
Authors: Guo Jinlei , Zhang Juansheng , Li Lingling , Gao Xingli
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) immunoglobulin (Ig) M and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels among employees in catering and public place industries. Blood samples were collected between January and December 2020 from 26,790 employees working in the Qinhuai district of Nanjing, China. Anti-HEV IgM in the serum samples was tested by the capture ELISA method and ALT was tested by the IFCC method. Samples positive for anti-HEV IgM or with ALT levels over 200 U/L were subjected to PCR screening of HEV RNA. The overall seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgM was 0.41%, and the seroprevalence was slightly higher in males (0.47%) than in females (0.37%); however, the difference was not substantial (p = 0.177). Seroprevalence of anti-HEV IgM increased with age, reaching its peak level after 48 years of age. The prevalence of elevated ALT levels was 4.24%, and males exhibited a higher prevalence than females (6.78% vs 2.65%, p < 0.001). Prevalence of elevated ALT levels differed in age groups and the 26–36-year-old group had the highest rate of elevated ALT levels. Employees with elevated ALT levels had a higher prevalence of positive anti-HEV IgM than those with normal ALT (0.57% vs 0.31%, p < 0.001). Positive HEV RNA was detected in one anti-HEV IgM-negative employee with ALT higher than 200 U/L. In our study, all the HEV RNA-positive and IgM-positive individuals are asymptomatic, and a combination of ALT tests, serological methods, and molecular methods is recommended to screen asymptomatic HEV carriers and reduce the risk of transmission.
Constitutional Design and the Seeds of Degradation in Divided Societies: The Case of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Authors: Bonifati Lidia
Published: July 2023

Constitutional design – Constitutional degradation – Power sharing – The rule of law – Constitutionalism – Constitution making – Constitutional transition – Divided societies – Role of internal diversity – Bosnia-Herzegovina – Inherent degradation – Dynamic degradation – European Court of Human Rights – Sejdić and Finci – Constitutional Court of Bosnia-Herzegovina – Compliance issues with court judgments – Repression of the public sphere – Electoral discrimination of national minorities – High Representative – Lack of local ownership
Improving the measurement of biblical interpretation in social science research
Authors: Mockabee Stephen T. , Lewis Andrew R.
Published: July 2023

Asking about people's views of the Bible in a single survey question has become the prevailing way to understand the mass public's religious beliefs. Nevertheless, the standard survey items raise questions about what is being measured. The questions used to measure one's views of the Bible are often double-barreled and leave considerable room for interpretation. In this paper, we assess the measurement error in the standard three-category question from the American National Election Study (ANES) by developing new items to gauge what it might mean to a respondent to select one of the three options in the standard Bible question. Using original data from two online surveys, we demonstrate that there is substantial measurement error in the standard ANES item. Analyses also show that our new items predict responses to the standard ANES item and are potent predictors of political attitudes—often performing better than the widely used three-category question.
Specious Timescales from Sedimentary Layers
Authors: Sidik Saima
Published: July 2023

Changing environments can dramatically change how quickly layers form in sedimentary rocks, leading to incorrect time estimates.
Role of N6-methyladenosine RNA modification in gastric cancer
Authors: Ding Si-Qi , Zhang Xue-Ping , Pei Jun-Peng , Bai Xiao , Ma Jin-Jie , Zhang Chun-Dong , Dai Dong-Qiu
Published: July 2023

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is the most prevalent internal modification of mammalian messenger RNA. The m6A modification affects multiple aspects of RNA metabolism, including processing, splicing, export, stability, and translation through the reversible regulation of methyltransferases (Writers), demethylases (Erasers), and recognition binding proteins (Readers). Accumulating evidence indicates that altered m6A levels are associated with a variety of human cancers. Recently, dysregulation of m6A methylation was shown to be involved in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC) through various pathways. Thus, elucidating the relationship between m6A and the pathogenesis of GC has important clinical implications for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of GC patients. In this review, we evaluate the potential role and clinical significance of m6A-related proteins which function in GC in an m6A-dependent manner. We discuss current issues regarding m6A-targeted inhibition of GC, explore new methods for GC diagnosis and prognosis, consider new targets for GC treatment, and provide a reasonable outlook for the future of GC research.
Library of rough hailstone backscattering coefficients at 2.8 GHz
Authors: Mirkovic Djordje , Zrnic Dusan S.
Published: July 2023

The rough hailstone scattering library is created to fill the need for results of non-spheroidal hailstone backscattering characteristics. The listed backscattering coefficients at the S-band (2.8 GHZ) are specifically tailored for computing the polarimetric variables. The National Weather Service’s radar operates in this band; hence the library is pertinent to those studying hail in the USA. The library contains several axis ratios and a range of hail sizes from 5 mm to 100 mm. Moreover, hailstone surface roughness is expressed as a percentage of the equatorial diameter. Our computational electromagnetic approach to modeling hailstones is compared with typically employed simpler methods. The polarimetric variables calculated using our models can be compared to observations. Furthermore, we illustrate the potency of the CEM approach to hydrometeors with extreme axis ratios for which simpler methods (i.e., the T-matrix) fail.
Achieving efficient uranium extraction by in situ ultrasonic texturization of commercial Fe powder
Authors: Zhu Boming , Wu Hongwei , Kang Jie , Yu Xiaofang , Chen Tao , Cheng Ru , Yang Guolin , Bai Wencai , Zhu Wenkun , He Rong
Published: July 2023

The in situ ultrasonic texturization of commercial Fe powder was employed to replace the n-ZVI for U(vi) extraction in fluoride (F−)-containing wastewater.
Le débriefing comme clé de l’accompagnement réflexif en formation et en pratique de l’éducation thérapeutique du patient
Authors: Cavalli Euvrard Glori , Poteaux Nicole
Published: July 2023

Contexte : La formation des soignants à l’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) vise l’amélioration des compétences pédagogiques et relationnelles pour soutenir les personnes affectées par des maladies chroniques. Les formateurs construisent leurs formations selon le principe d’isomorphisme pédagogique qui présuppose que les activités de formation, et notamment le débriefing, peuvent se transférer de la formation à la pratique clinique. But : Observer si le principe d’isomorphisme pédagogique est pertinent et transposable dans la pratique clinique éducative, y compris sur les compétences mobilisées lors du débriefing. Méthodes : Étude qualitative fondée des entretiens semi-dirigés à destination d’une part des formateurs et d’autre part des participants. Les questions portaient sur l’expérience de formation et sur la pratique éducative avec les patients. Les participants à l’étude étaient des professionnels de santé exerçant une activité clinique et ayant vécu une formation dite de 40 h en ETP. Résultats : Douze entretiens incluant six formateurs et six participants ont été réalisés durant le premier trimestre 2020. Tous les participants à l’étude reconnaissent la pertinence de l’isomorphisme pédagogique dans la formation en ETP. Ils décrivent des points communs entre le débriefing de formation et l’étape éducative de suivi avec les patients (« évaluer avec ») car dans les deux cas le professionnel accompagne la réflexivité. Les formateurs sont unanimes sur l’intérêt du débriefing pour mettre en perspective l’expérience mais leurs avis divergent sur la rétroaction. En clinique, les professionnels de santé ne partagent pas de rétroaction avec leur patient. Conclusion : Derrière le débriefing se joue l’accompagnement de la réflexivité. Cette compétence transversale mériterait une approche explicite par les formateurs. Un débriefing du débriefing à distance de l’expérience des jeux de rôle permettrait aux participants de se l’approprier et le transférer.
Dans quelle mesure les examens cliniques objectifs structurés (ECOS) sont-ils un outil valide pour l’évaluation des performances cliniques à la fin du second cycle des études médicales ? Analyse d’une expérience lilloise selon le modèle de Kane
Authors: Ficheux Guillaume , Niguet Jean-Paul , Van der Linden Thierry , Bulckaen Hélène , Charkaluk Marie-Laure , Perimenis Pierrette , Roy Saint-Georges Françoise , Hernandez Élodie , Lorenzo Mathieu
Published: July 2023

Contexte et problématique : La réforme du second cycle des études médicales en France implique la mise en place de nouvelles modalités évaluatives parmi lesquelles des examens cliniques objectifs structurés (ECOS), outil standardisé d’évaluation de la performance clinique en environnement simulé. L’interprétation des scores issus de ces ECOS nationaux aura un impact majeur sur la formation des futurs médecins. Objectifs : Notre étude vise à montrer comment l’analyse de la validité de l’interprétation des scores d’un examen ECOS local selon le modèle de Kane peut fournir des données pour améliorer les ECOS nationaux. Méthodes : Cent sept étudiants en sixième année d’études ont participé en mars 2020 à une session d’ECOS. Les quatre inférences du modèle de Kane ont été appliquées à cet examen pour analyser la validité de l’interprétation des scores. Les scores obtenus aux ECOS, les évaluations de stage et le rang de classement aux épreuves classantes nationales informatisées (ECNi) ont notamment été colligés et analysés. Résultats : La validité de l’interprétation des scores des ECOS semblait globalement bonne. Quelques limites en termes de validité ont été identifiées dans les inférences de notation et de généralisation. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative de notation entre les évaluateurs. Il existait des corrélations statistiques significatives entre les scores aux ECOS et les évaluations en stage, ainsi qu’entre les scores aux ECOS et le rang de classement aux ECNi. Conclusion : Si la validité de l’interprétation des scores des ECOS semblait bonne dans le contexte de l’étude, nos données suggèrent des axes d’amélioration qui devront faire l’objet d’une attention particulière pour la mise en place d’examens à enjeu élevé tels que les ECOS nationaux en France dans les prochaines années. Cette étude illustre l’intérêt du modèle de Kane pour identifier de tels axes d’amélioration d’un dispositif d’évaluation des apprentissages.
Research of Formation of Students’ Information Culture in the Educational Environment
Authors: Ekhaeva R.M. , Dzhegistayeva L. I. , Kvitkovskaya A. A.
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study was to form and prove in practice the effectiveness of the model for the development of the information culture of schoolchildren in educational and extracurricular activities in the information and educational space. In this article, we have summarized the theoretical provisions on the formation of the information culture of students in the educational environment. The process of development of the information culture of schoolchildren in the modern education system, a model for the development of the information culture of schoolchildren in educational and extracurricular activities are presented. The theoretical and methodological base has been determined, which allows using technological, axiological, cultural, systemic and activity approaches to establish principles and structure meaningful and organizational and didactic tools for methodological support of this process; the content of the cognitive-procedural, value-motivational, reflexive-activity and personality-developing components and coefficients, their corresponding levels and diagnostic tools; program and methodological materials display the relevant content of training, the use of information and communication technologies in educational and extracurricular activities; a model with didactic conditions has been formed, elements of the information and educational space of the school have been consistently, purposefully and structuredly included in the development of the information culture of students.
Associative Experiment as an Effective Method of Studying Students’ Linguistic Consciousness
Authors: Makhaev Mair , Dautmerzaeva Larisa , Ganieva Fatima
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to present the methodology of conducting associative experiments, which is used in their psycholinguistic research by scientists of Moscow International University, Voronezh State University and the “Laboratory of Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after Said Makhdikhon Sattorov”. This technique makes it possible to identify more or less frequent associations that are actually represented in the consciousness of native speakers (language consciousness), as well as to fix the associative norms of the national language within the framework of the corresponding (associative) dictionaries. The article presents the results of linguistic associative experiments conducted in Derbent in lecture halls of local universities. A list of 10 stimuli was used as a stimulus material. Based on the results of the experiments, associative fields of stimuli were constructed, which made it possible to identify the state of language consciousness of Derbent students.
Aesthetic Education of Students in Foreign Language Lessons in Secondary School as a Component of Multicultural Education
Authors: Sardalova Luisa Ramzanovna , Gadaborsheva Zarina Ismailovna , Aliyeva Satsita Adamovna
Published: July 2023

The article discusses various ways and means of implementing aesthetic education in the classroom and during non-school hours. The authors note that a special place in the education of an aesthetic personality is occupied by art, which embodies the aesthetic category of beauty. For this purpose, excerpts from works of fiction (for example, poems) and other works of art (paintings, movies, etc.) are used to work on language material. The main goal is to form a taste for the beautiful, the ability to read aloud and listen attentively to the poems of English poets, and then express your impression and share your thoughts, repeat or learn lexical and grammatical material. One of the inexhaustible sources of spiritual development of students is poetry. In addition, in foreign language lessons, poetic works are studied for practical purposes: for the formulation and improvement of pronunciation, illustration and memorization of grammatical material, the development of listening and speech skills. Familiarization of students with English and American literature provides an excellent opportunity for the development of their philological flair and literary taste. This allows them to feel the value of the word, responsibility when operating with the word, sharpens their ability to understand and feel the subtle nuances of the word in each language.
Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics in Education
Authors: Turluev R. R. , Abdullayev D. A. , Zyryanova S. A.
Published: July 2023

This article reviews the current state of cloud computing and big data analytics in education. It presents a literature review, including a discussion of existing research and key findings. The paper also discusses the potential applications of these technologies in educational institutions as well as the challenges associated with their implementation. Offers suggestions for future research directions in this area. Presents an overview of potential applications and challenges associated with cloud computing and big data analytics in educational institutions. Reviews existing research on the subject and discusses their main findings. In addition, directions for future research in this area are suggested. The importance of these technologies in providing quality education for students is emphasized.
Development of Sociocultural Competence of Students Based on Cognitive Modeling in the Web Environment
Authors: Bachalova Inna , Magomadova Raisa , Meirieva Ayshat
Published: July 2023

The article considers the process of developing the socio-cultural competence of students on the basis of cognitive modeling in the web environment. The problem of cognitive design (the design of electronic educational resources with a focus on the mechanisms of human thinking, that is, on the cognitive processes of students) is relatively new in Russian methodological science, which leads to the existence of a relatively small number of experimental studies aimed directly at studying the problems of using multimedia and adapting web content. in the educational process. The process of formation and development of sociocultural competence in this case is no exception, since the boundaries between the levels of formation of sociocultural competence are blurred and, as a result, there is a phenomenon of interpenetration of stages, in which it is possible, for example, to build stereotypes about the culture of the language being studied not only on at the initial level, but also at higher levels of the formation of sociocultural competence.
Methodology for Teaching Students Professional Vocabulary of the Subject Area “Programming”
Authors: Mamalova K. E. , Alipkhanova F. N. , Kvitkovskaya A. A.
Published: July 2023

Today, the use of digital and Internet resources in education is practical and mobile for all participants in the educational process and is present not only in specialties that are mainly aimed at the world of digital and information technologies. The development of professional communicative competence of specialists in all industries (natural sciences, social, medical, political, legal) is possible with the use of resources for which representatives of the “Programming and Information Technology” sphere daily develop and improve existing programs, Database. In this work, we examined Internet resources from the standpoint of didactic utility in the framework of the educational process, highlighting their main functions: educational, communicative, developing, relaxation. We have determined that for the greatest possible efficiency when working with Internet resources, the teacher should take into account the presence of the presented didactic functions in the selected / developed resources. The specificity of teaching foreign language vocabulary in the subject area “Programming” lies in the close relationship between the disciplines of the professional cycle and foreign languages. This connection allows the teacher to motivate students to master vocabulary, grammatical structures of a non-native language through the presentation of professional topics, tools familiar in their native language, since the formation of a foreign language communicative competence of a professional is built taking into account the need to develop the ability to solve practically oriented tasks.
Digital Technologies in the Educational Sphere
Authors: Bisultanova Aza
Published: July 2023

It is a generally accepted fact that the digital transition in the humanities has already succeeded. The author emphasized the digital technologies impact on the research in humanities. The ways and methods of gaining knowledge have changed due to digital transformation at the current stage of society development. It is indisputable that obtaining and processing information have accelerated and it is definitely a positive factor. However, the issues of the digital humanitarianism essence remain debatable according to the author’s research. There is still no accepted definition of the term. The author also emphasized that digital humanitarianism is also an object of research, not only a combination of digital tools for gaining knowledge. The number of software products serving the educational process will increase in the course of time. In addition to increasing in the number of digital products that will be used in humanities, the quality of the products will also improve and they will increasingly adapt to the needs of the educational process. The author pointed the need to introduce Digital Humanity courses for the compulsory study of humanitarian students since obtaining digital skills in humanities will contribute to the graduates’ career growth. Concluding the study, the author emphasized that despite the importance of information that will be obtained using modern digital tools, the value of humanitarian gained knowledge expertise will not decrease.
Spatiotemporal Search for Pulsed Radiation in the Photon Flux Detection Mode with Prolonged Observation Time of the Decomposition Element
Authors: Dahkilgova Kamila , Rumyantsev Konstantin
Published: July 2023

The development of science and technologies of microwave frequencies (UHF) has contributed to the fact that the use of ultrawideband (UWB) pulsed signals has emerged as a separate scientific and technical area of radiophysics, requiring a deeper study of the methods of formation, emission, reception and processing of such signals. Aperture radiators are mainly used to transmit UWB signals. This type of emitters is a variety of modifications of mirror antennas, horn antennas of various shapes and profiles, open waveguides, planar and conformal antenna arrays, as well as lens antennas. The classical theory of analysis of radiation and propagation of electromagnetic signals is well known, but its application to the synthesis of UWB emitters in the time domain often becomes too cumbersome and incorrect. Progress in the fields of radar, communications, and radio astronomy in the 1960s stimulated the creation of aperture theory based on physical optics approaches. This theory makes it possible to analyze and calculate the characteristics of mirror radiators and antenna arrays with sufficient accuracy for practical application. It is often possible to use the aperture theory to analyze some horn emitters that have a large radiation surface relative to the spatial dimensions of pulsed signals.
Implementation of a Comprehensive Concept of Education in the System of Environmental Education
Authors: Mamalova Khouzy , Makhaev Mair , Alipkhanova Fatima
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of environmental education. The idea is expressed that the ecological education of the population is the most important means of overcoming the ecological crisis. A brief review of the definitions of the concept of “environmental education”, as well as some concepts of environmental education, is made. The main attention is paid to the complex concept of education, developed on the basis of the Moscow International University and the Laboratory for Cognitive Research of Consciousness named after Said Makhdikhon Sattorov under the guidance of Professor of RAE (RANS) Maira Makhaev. Methodological bases of the complex concept of training are revealed. The complex concept is based on the allocation of four blocks (the “knowledge” block, the methodological block, the skills and abilities block, the responsibility block), which are the parameters of any training. An idea was expressed about the possibility of introducing this concept into the system of environmental education, which will improve the quality of environmental education.
Experience and Problems of Environmental Education, Education and Upbringing
Authors: Aliskhanova Malika , Khasbulatova Zulai , Khadzhiev Ramzan
Published: July 2023

The relevance of the formation of environmental literacy and environmentally responsible behavior is due, on the one hand, to the growing environmental problems under the influence of various factors caused, including by human activities (extinction of animal species, climate change, lack of natural resources, air and water pollution, etc.) . On the other hand, a positive agenda for socio-economic changes in society based on the ideas of “sustainable development”. The inclusion of issues of environmental literacy and environmentally responsible behavior in the content of general and additional education is a global trend, determined by the growing role of education for sustainable development. Environmental literacy is a logical component of education for sustainable development, the associated attention to the various interactions of various elements of the environment, includes human activities that are essential to achieve a self-sustaining community that preserves resources for future generations. The proposed recommendations use the following concept of “environmental literacy”: the ability to understand the systems and processes of nature and the environment that allow the creation and functioning of sustainable communities.
Augmented Reality Technology as an Immersive Teaching Tool in the Middle School Biology Course
Authors: Arbuzova E.N. , Yaskina O.A. , Nazarov S.V. , Poleshchuk P.V. , Fortus A.V.
Published: July 2023

Based on the analysis of publications on the topic of digitalization of biological education, the article identifies four trends associated with the introduction of digital technologies and tools into the educational process: the formation of a blended learning model; transition to online learning; creation of an immersive educational environment; use of augmented reality technology. These trends are interconnected, and each of them affects the general biological education in Russia. On the one hand, digitalization contributes to an increase in the openness, flexibility of education, and an increase in the involvement of schoolchildren in the process of teaching biology in high school. On the other hand, it leads to the creation of a new educational situation, the inclusion of new factors in the system of biological education, which changes the nature of the relationship between its main participants. Digitalization introduces significant changes in the role of a biology teacher and a high school student in the process of teaching biology, which requires appropriate adaptation. The necessity of systematizing the educational and social effects of the introduction of immersive technologies in biological education and conducting longitudinal studies is substantiated. The design of the study was developed, which is based on the strategy of introducing immersive technologies in blended teaching of biology in high school.
Problems and Prospects for Improving the Tax System as Part of Tax Regulation in Russia
Authors: Gasanbekov A. H. , Batashev R. V. , Bisultanov A. N.
Published: July 2023

This article examines the issues related to tax regulation and prospective directions for improving the incentive component of the tax system of the Russian Federation. The aim of the article is to develop specific recommendations aimed at stimulating socio-economic processes through the reform of major taxes. In particular, the authors believe that the instruments of state tax regulation should be applied subject to the establishment of an optimal combination of stability and flexibility of the system of taxation of economic entities.
Assessment of Innovative Activity of the Subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District in the Field of Environmental Protection
Authors: Demilkhanova B. A. , Berkaeva A. K. , Basieva L. B.
Published: July 2023

Assessment of the level of innovative activity in the environmental sphere is the subject of the article. The purpose of the article was to identify factors that contribute to the introduction of environmental innovations in the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District. To do this, on the basis of official statistical information, as indicators of innovative activities aimed at improving the environment, indicators were selected that characterize the scale of the introduction of technologies. The article interconnects such characteristics of subjects as an environmental rating, the level of innovative activity in the field of environmental protection and the nature of innovative activity aimed at improving the state of the environment, which led to the conclusion that the place of the subject on the scale of innovative activity is not associated with the assigned environmental rating. Based on the fact that the indicators of the effectiveness of environmental innovations and the use of the financial potential for the introduction of environmental innovations are referred, within the framework of the study, to indicators of the intensive development of innovative activities, and the indicator of the formation of technical and technological potential for the introduction of environmental innovations is an indicator of extensive development, the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District are grouped by nature development of innovative activities in the field of environmental safety.
Development of a Green Economy in the Context of a Minimalist Movement
Authors: Kuchkovskaya Natalia , Tronin Sergey , Grinev Nikita , Bratarchuk Tatyana
Published: July 2023

Mindless consumption is an excessive purchase of goods without considering the life cycle of this purchase, which harms the environment and destroys a person’s mental health, replacing universal values with “dependence on things”, fueling imaginary happiness with another dose of purchase. Today, social networks play a crucial role in this problem, spreading information about fast fashion and consumer culture. And large marketplaces subdue these habits by constantly reducing prices and speeding up or free shipping. All this happens on the ruins of the natural environment to satisfy the hunger of customers. Recently, thoughtless consumption has also been fueled by “Green brainwashing.” This phenomenon of using the good intentions of consumers perpetuates the disinformation system. This practice uses deceptive marketing techniques to make consumers think they are buying something good for the environment, although this may not be the case. A minimalist lifestyle does not require a complete rejection of worldly possessions. On the contrary, it means buying only those things that have a constant ability to bring real value. Minimalists approach all aspects of their lives from this perspective, carefully choosing the kind of life that makes them as happy as possible.
Risks and Advantages of the Digital Economy
Authors: Bisultanova Aza
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to considering positive and negative aspects of the digital technology introduction in all economy spheres. The author notes that despite the acceleration of the workforce productivity the risks and threats that it contains should undoubtedly not be forgotten. Moreover, risks and threats in some cases exceed the positive effect of digital transformation. However, digital transformation is both an objective necessity and an inevitable consequence of the global changes taking place in all spheres of human life. The author also highlights the need of joint decisions of all international community members in digital technologies introduction in order to ensure the information security of the economy and society in general.
Trends and Prospects for the Development of the Global Private Banking Market
Authors: Ibragimova Elina , Maksharipova Elsa , Bayrakova Aza
Published: July 2023

Due to the increase in the number of billionaires in the world, the importance of private banking has been increasing in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the process of introducing digital technologies into the private banking sector, and banks that did not plan changes in their business models due to the preferences of their VIP clients had to adapt to the new conditions. In these conditions, the problem of maintaining the loyalty of borrowers becomes particularly relevant for them. The article is devoted to an overview of the digital transformation of private banking services, as well as determining the prospects for development in this sector.
Assessment of the Effect of Tax Incentives for Oil and Gas Companies
Authors: Yalmaev Rustam , Grigorieva Lyubov , Dugina Tatyana
Published: July 2023

Tax incentives are one of the tools for the development of sectors of the economy. In the Russian Federation, the use of tax incentives is a fairly common practice. However, the design solution does not always allow achieving the set task. Within the framework of this study, on the example of oil and gas complex enterprises, individual tax incentives were analyzed for the main list of taxes (MET, AIT, NP), from the standpoint of the achieved effects for key stakeholders. The results obtained showed that in the short term the level of the tax burden has changed insignificantly and tends to grow. Investments in fixed assets have an inverse relationship with the level of the tax burden, which requires clarification, in particular, verification through the calculation of the tax burden for certain types of taxes. At the first stage of the implementation of the presented measures, the state increases the level of oil and gas revenues, and is the only participant in financial relations that receives a positive effect from the presented measures.
The Impact of Economic Growth on the Dynamics of Carbon Emissions in the United States: Spline Analysis
Authors: Ilyasov Ruslan
Published: July 2023

The relationship between trends in energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth is of increasing interest to researchers in connection with climate change. Currently, the provisions of several international climate agreements are being implemented – the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. At the same time, the implementation of each of the agreements requires maintaining a balance between striving for carbon neutrality and ensuring economic growth. The article attempts to identify the relationship between trends in carbon emissions and GDP production - the main indicator of economic growth. In this sense, the example of the USA turned out to be interesting, where economic growth in recent years has occurred with a permanent reduction in carbon emissions. To identify mutual reactions, taking into account inertia and weak volatility in the dynamics of GDP production and carbon emissions, the article compares the growth rates of indicators against the background of the impact of “event components” of dynamics. To achieve maximum accuracy in comparing the oscillation rate of the studied indicators, it is proposed to model the dynamics of empirical data by splines.