bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intrusion detection system based on bagging with support vector machine
Authors: Hilool Ali Khalid , Hashem Soukaena H. , Jafer Shatha H.
Published: November 2021

Due to their rapid spread, computer worms perform harmful tasks in networks, posing a security risk; however, existing worm detection algorithms continue to struggle to achieve good performance and the reasons for that are: First, a large amount of irrelevant data affects classification accuracy. Second, individual classifiers do not detect all types of worms effectively. Third, many systems are based on outdated data, making them unsuitable for new worm species. The goal of the study is to use data mining algorithms to detect worms in the network because they have a high ability to detect new types accurately. The proposal is based on the UNSW NB15 dataset and uses a support vector machine to train and test the ensemble bagging algorithm. To detect various types of worms efficiently, the contribution suggests combining correlation and Chi2 feature selection method called Chi2-Corr to select relevant features and using support vector machine (SVM) in the bagging algorithm. The system achieved accuracy reaching 0.998 with Chi2-Corr, and 0.989, 0.992 with correlation and chi-square separately.
Factors impacting Jordanian women in computing case study: Hashemite University
Authors: Fayyoumi Ebaa , Idwan Sahar
Published: November 2021

We consider pursuing the Jordanian women their graduate studies in Information Technology disciplines as an indicator of socio-economic development and empowering women in Jordan. This paper presents the first study of multi-variate stereotypes that shape the problem by addressing the following factors: travel abroad, family matters, skills and experience, traditional and cultural differences, scholarship opportunities, financial matters, and language complications. These factors were extensively studied, and their effects were estimated by applying the linear-regression, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe tests. The scholarship opportunity (R2 = 0:354), travel abroad (R2 = 0:281), and financial matters (R2 = 0:226) were the most influential factors on Jordanian women’s decision in pursuing their graduate studies. On the other hand, skills and experience stereotype (R2 = 0:076) has the least influence.
Guidance system based on Dijkstra-ant colony algorithm with binary search tree for indoor parking system
Authors: Ata K. Ibrahim , Soh A. Che , Ishak A. J. , Jaafar H.
Published: November 2021

A common algorithm to solve the single-source shortest path (SSSP) is the Dijkstra algorithm. However, the traditional Dijkstra’s is not accurate and need more time to perform the path in order it should visit all the nodes in the graph. In this paper, the Dijkstra-ant colony algorithm (ACO) with binary search tree (BST) has been proposed. Dijkstra and ACO are integrated to produce the smart guidance algorithm for the indoor parking system. Dijkstra algorithm initials the paths to finding the shortest path while ACO optimizes the paths. BST has been used to store the paths that Dijkstra algorithm initialled. The proposed algorithm is aimed to control the shortest path as well as guide the driver towards the nearest vacant available space near the entrance. This solution depending on applying the optimization on an optimal path while the traditional ACO is optimizing the random path based on the greedy algorithm hence we get the most optimal path. Moreover, the reason behind using the BST is to make the generation of the path by Dijkstra’s algorithm more accurate and less time performance. The results show a range of 8.3% to 26.8% improvement in the proposed path compared to the traditional Dijkstra’s algorithm.
The adoption of social media by small and medium enterprise: a systematic literature review
Authors: Alhamami Ahmed Abdullah , Hashim Noor Azuan , Hamid Roshayati Abdul , Hamid Siti Ngayesah Ab.
Published: November 2021

Social media (SM) has become a necessity and a method to confront challenges and fierce competition. More than half of the population are using SM. However, its implication for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is not well documented and researched. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the literature pertaining to the adoption of SM by SMEs. A systematic literature review was conducted using specific keywords and database. This has resulted in reviewing 28 related articles. The findings was presented using frequency analysis. Number of articles are increasing steadily especially in emerging markets with large number of studies deploying the exploratory nature. The most widely used theory is the technological-organizational-environmental framework (TOE) and the sample size of the reviewed studies is adequate. Increasingly the structural equation modelling are being used. However, the use of intervening variable is minimal. The finding also showed that organizational and environmental context variables are the most important predictors of SM adoption by SMEs while the consequence of this adoption on business performance is mixed. There is a need for more studies to discover the consequence of adopting SM by SMEs using a combination of theories.
Magnetic sensitivity modeling of dual gate MOS transistor
Authors: Kessi Mohamed , Benfdila Arezki
Published: November 2021

In this paper, the magnetic field effect on the carrier transport phenomenon in the double gate metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) has been investigated. This is done by exploring the Lorentz force and the behavior of a semiconductor subjected to a constant magnetic field. The magnetic field modulates the electrons position and density as well as the potential distribution in the case of silicon tunnel tunneling field-effects (FETs). This modulation impacts the device electrical characteristics such as ON current (ION), subthreshold leakage current (IOF), threshold voltage (VT), magneto-transconductance (gmm) and output magneto-conductance (gmDS). In addition, a hall voltage (VH) is induced and modulated by the magnetic field. It has been observed that this voltage influences the effective applied gate voltage. It has been observed that the threshold voltage variations induced by the magnetic field is of paramount importance and affects the device switching properties both speed and power dissipation, noted that the threshold voltage VT and (Ion/Iof) ratio are reduced by 10-3V and 102 for a magnetic field of ±6 and ±5.5 Tesla, respectively. We have simulated the different behavior in the channel, mainly doping concentration, potential distribution, conduction and valence bands, total current density, total charge density, electric field, electron mobility, and electron velocity.
A series-connected switched source and an H-bridge based multilevel inverter
Authors: Pachipala Siva , Guda Amarsrinadh , Babu Mentimi Sandeep , B. Veeranarayana , Murthy K. V. S. Ramachandra , Tirupathi Abhilash
Published: November 2021

An inverter circuit is promoted in this paper, using series-connected switched dc sources along with an H-bridge circuit with optimized circuit elements like switching devices and diode clamped (DC) sources. This configuration uses DC supplies that can be strung together in series to create a significant voltage level. This topology consists of two parts, namely: 1) level production part and 2) polarity production part. The combination of some of the dc sources and switching devices completes the level production part. The H-bridge in the presented structure produces the polarity generation part. The DC-link capacitors are not needed in this design. There is a full presentation of the operating modes and modeling process of the proposed converter. Finally, in the MATLAB/SIMULINK setting the proposed topology is simulated and output current and voltage results have been examined.
Design and analysis of linear switched reluctance motor
Authors: Aris M. Asyraff Md. , Firdaus R. N. , Azhar F. , Nasir N. A. Mohd , Aishah M. Z.
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) to replace the conventional serving that is used in food and beverage (F&B) applications such as a pack of sushi and carbonated drinks. This conventional method is no longer practical as it requires a lot of space which will affect costing and productivity. It’s also has another disadvantage, in which it needs frequent maintenance of the rotational motor, gear, and limit switches. Therefore, this research is about the design and analysis of linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) for F&B applications. The main objective is to design a LSRM and the finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the result. The result showed that the 24s/16p was the best model for linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) design. The model had average force (F_avg) of 28.36 N for input current (I) of 1A. To conclude, this paper
provides a guideline in designing the LSRM for F&B application.
Development of an optical pH measurement system based on colorimetric effect
Authors: Mustafa Puteri Nur Syahirah Mohamed , Azam Aiman Shahmi , Sulaiman Mohd Suhaimi , Omar Ahmad Fairuz , Rahman Mohamad Faizal Abd
Published: November 2021

This paper proposed an optical pH measurement system developed to measure the changes of pH levels based on colorimetric reactions with phenol red reagent. The optical sensing was achieved through the implementation of a pair of light emitting diode (LED) and photodiode. The detection mechanism was based on different absorbance of light intensity at pH values of 2.36, 8.32, 9.08 and 12.83. The data processing method was carried out using LabVIEW software and interfaced with NI USB DAQ 6008. The measured voltage showed a good correlation in relation to the pH level with R2 equals to 0.9624. This relationship was used as a calibration curve in the final system testing. The final measurement of pH showed a good agreement between the actual and measured values with an error of less than 5%, thus indicating the reliability of the proposed system.
Automatic control of the sand granulation process to improve homogeneity in the manufacture of ceramic tiles
Authors: Morales-Romero Guillermo , Quispe-Andía Adrián , Caycho-Salas Beatriz , Trinidad-Loli Nicéforo , León-Velarde César , Palacios-Huaraca Carlos , Chamorro-Atalaya Omar
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this article is to quantify to what extent the design of an automatic control system for the clay sand granulation process will improve the percentage of homogeneity in the manufacture of ceramic tiles, through the analysis of the percentage of dust moisture. For which the process under study is initially described, identifying its stages, the control strategy to be used and its main characteristics. After conducting the research, it was determined that from the proposed control strategy, in which the flow of clay sand is controlled through frequency variators and the sequential injection of water spray through electric nozzles, it was achieved improve the homogeneity percentage by 94.78%, achieving that the error between the desired value and the present value of the humidity percentage is 0.015%, the approximation to the desired value or setpoint value being significant. Thus, it was also possible to determine that through an analysis of the dispersion model, that the collected data respond to a constant; evidencing that there is no sudden variation in the percentage of homogeneity during the automated operation of the process, which validates the improvement of homogeneity in the manufacture of ceramic tiles.
Self embedding digital watermark using hybrid method against compression attack
Authors: Touati Nasr Eddine , Lakhdar Abdelmounaim Moulay
Published: November 2021

In the modern time interacting with digital world become standard life activity, human need a way to protect properties as individuals or corporals, and we do that by embedding a digital mark to the target, and this technique call digital watermarking. But there still is a chance to manipulate or even remove this marks we embed for protection with various attacks like adding noises, compression-decompression or bits manipulations, and that why companions, individuals, laboratories are still developing new methods to embed this marks and make them more robust and more hard to detect for others. There are so many methods for digital watermarking, so we chose the least significant bits watermarking (LSB-watermarking) to provide an invisible digital watermarking, and on top of that we proceed with the blind LSB-watermarking method so that we don't get bind to the original image, and for our attack we chose compression joint photographic experts group (JPEG) compression because it’s the most used method for image and videos compression along with singular value decomposition (SVD) to make our mark as robust as possible. And the results we gain from our method are promising and it did give as high quality digital watermarking.
Performance analysis of power beacon-assisted D2D communication networks in the presence of eavesdropper and co-channel interference
Authors: Minh Bui Vu , Phan Van-Duc
Published: November 2021

Performance analysis of power beacon-assisted D2D communication networks in the presence of eavesdropper and co-channel interference is presented is investigated. The outage probability and the intercept probability of the proposed system are analyzed and derived. The impact of the main system parameters on the system performance is investigated. The Monte Carlo simulation is used for verifying the correctness of the analytical section.
Investigation of microwave sensor and integrate with polydimethylsiloxane for medical imaging application
Authors: Edward Nurhasniza , Paramasivam Lavanya , Zakaria Zahriladha , Bahar Amyrul Azuan Mohd
Published: November 2021

The small-sized wideband antenna is one of the antennas used in the medical field to detect body tissue. The antenna's direct contact with the human body causes reflected signal due to the high body coupling, and the narrower bandwidth tends to reduce the data transfer rate in transmission. Therefore, this paper aims to design a wideband antenna with wearable properties operated in the frequency range of 3 GHz to 6 GHz. The antenna is designed with a rectangular-shaped patch with notches and the t-slot shaped partial slot ground. The connected speech test (CST) studio suite software is used to design and optimize the miniature antenna, which measures 24 mm (W) x 38 mm (L) x 0.168 mm (H). The antenna is then embedded with polydimethylsilixane (PDMS) at the top half of the antenna with the dimension 24 mm (W) x 19 mm (L) x 1 mm (H) and also fully occupied. The antenna is configured with the bending capabilities to adapt the human body surface at an angle of 30º. The antenna is having the benefits of small size, cost-effective, and easy to fabricate. The antenna design can effectively detect unusual body tissue, and it safe to be used.
Modern tools and current trends in web-development
Authors: Mishra Debani Prasad , Rout Kshirod Kumar , Salkuti Surender Reddy
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a social media platform like LinkedIn and Facebook is made using MongoDB as a database. This paper aims to touch all the modern tools required to make an efficient web app, keeping in mind both the customer satisfaction and the ease for the developers to make their web designs, front-end and back-end. In this application, a user could make an account, add or delete details of their profile, education, and experience fields. The users could post, also comment and even like a post of other users. A monolithic architectural approach is used for simplicity in maintaining the database. Postman application programming interface (API) was used to check the working of the back-end. Git, Github, and Heroku were used to deploy the website. Node package manager (NPM) packages like bcrypt and validator are used to encrypt passwords and to validate a user during login. Media queries are used in cascading style sheets (CSS) to achieve a responsive design. Therefore, the users could view the website through a mobile phone, i-pad and also a personal computer (PC), maintaining the readability and design across all these devices.
Implementation of tourism circuit concept in an android-based tourist navigation application through A* algorithm
Authors: Asor Jonardo R. , Catedrilla Gene Marck B. , Leon Cris Q. De , Ramos Sharon L.
Published: November 2021

Circuit tourism allows for inclusive growth of tourism since it allows for multi-site visits. Normally three or more tourist attractions are linked together in a tour of the tourist’s choosing. The main objective of this study is to develop an android-based application for searching tourist spots in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines that is also capable of recommending succeeding places to visit using A* algorithm. Upon development of the application, this paper proves that A* algorithm can be used to recommend another tourist spot by analyzing the distance of the tourist spots near the user, and the most convenient routes through which they can be reached. Based on backward and forward compatibility testing, the application is operating system friendly, since it can be used in lower versions of android. Further, it is shown in the users’ evaluation that the application is acceptable to the locals of Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. The application also contributes to advertising other tourist spots in the said municipality, specially those who were not so popular to the tourists.
Guy Debord e a Internacional Situacionista: crítica unitária da economia política e da cultura
Authors: Corrêa Erick Quintas
Published: November 2021

O artigo apresenta o conceito de espetáculo, formulado na década de 1960 pelo situacionista francês Guy Debord (1931-94), como nucleado por uma indivisível reflexão social (crítica da economia política) e estética (crítica da cultura). Demonstra-se também como é precisamente com base nessa crítica unitária da passividade, fundada nas separações tanto da economia como da cultura mercantis, que a Internacional Situacionista (1957-72) aspirou a uma inédita unificação prática dos programas até então separados das vanguardas políticas e estéticas.
Lukács e Heidegger diante da ontologia e da revolução social: entrevista com Vitor Bartoletti Sartori
Authors: Sartori Vitor Bartoletti
Published: November 2021

Entrevista com Vitor Bartoletti Sartori, por Wesley Sousa e Henrique Coelho, sobre as filosofias de Martin Heidegger e György Lukács.
O mangá como arte, história e narrativa: relações entre o “eu” e o “outro”
Authors: Zanoni Antonio Augusto
Published: November 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo central mostrar como o mangá é um objeto histórico não puramente japonês e que suas narrativas são delineadoras de um imaginário globalizante. Para tal, será primeiramente abordado o mangá quanto objeto artístico e suas relações com o mundo externo. Em segunda instância, busca-se mostrar na ótica de Edward Said, que o extremo-oriente também é uma construção através das técnicas orientalistas e que o “eu” e o “outro” se constroem em conjunto através das narrativas e das relações de poder. Tais discussões possibilitam o entendimento de que a globalização, através das hibridizações culturais, forma novas culturas, menos ligadas à sua gênese e mais suscetíveis as transformações acometidas pela alteridade entre o “eu” e o “outro”.
Temas religiosos no cinema bélico soviético sobre a Segunda Guerra (1945-91)
Authors: Franciscon Moisés Wagner
Published: November 2021

O objetivo de promover uma análise da imagem do cristianismo e suas alterações ao longo de décadas no cenário soviético pode ser concretizado por meio de seu cinema. Os filmes soviéticos sobre a Grande Guerra Patriótica produzidos entre 1945 e 1991 indicam mudanças nos anseios sociais e posições sancionadas pelo regime à medida em que a presença e a atuação da religião e de religiosos durante o conflito são reelaboradas diante das circunstâncias contemporâneas. O cinema bélico é talvez o principal gênero cinematográfico para a difusão de mensagens ideológicas – por exemplo, pela defesa do belicismo ou do pacifismo. Apesar do interesse do Estado na divulgação de sua versão da história militar, sempre é possível que o filme forneça interpretações ambíguas ou contrárias. Nos filmes de guerra sobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial afloram temas adversos à retórica oficial (como a religião) e um tratamento ainda menos consensual, como uma visão positiva da espiritualidade ou da instituição religiosa. Mais do que uma dissidência isolada de um diretor contra o Kremlin, trata-se de um fenômeno com raízes na sociedade, atingindo mesmo o partido. Emprega-se a história social do cinema, de Marc Ferro, com sua análise partindo do contexto para o filme, em busca das mensagens latentes de sua própria época.
Standardized Autonomic Testing in Patients With Probable Radiation-Induced Afferent Baroreflex Failure
Authors: Lamotte Guillaume , Coon Elizabeth A. , Suarez Mariana D. , Sandroni Paola , Benarroch Eduardo , Cutsforth-Gregory Jeremy K. , Mauermann Michelle L. , Berini Sarah E. , Shouman Kamal , Sletten David , Goodman Brent P. , Low Phillip A. , Singer Wolfgang
Published: November 2021

Injury of the afferent limb of the baroreflex from neck radiation causes radiation-induced afferent baroreflex failure (R-ABF). Identification and management of R-ABF is challenging. We aimed to investigate the pattern of autonomic dysfunction on standardized autonomic testing in patients with probable R-ABF. We retrospectively analyzed all autonomic reflex screens performed at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, between 2000 and 2020 in patients with probable R-ABF. Additional tests reviewed included ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, plasma norepinephrine, and thermoregulatory sweat test. We identified 90 patients with probable R-ABF. Median total composite autonomic severity score (range, 0–10) was 7 (interquartile range, 6–7). Cardiovascular adrenergic impairment was seen in 85 patients (94.4%), increased blood pressure recovery time after Valsalva maneuver in 71 patients (78.9%; median 17.4 seconds), and orthostatic hypotension in 68 patients (75.6%). Cardiovagal impairment was demonstrated by abnormal heart rate responses to deep breathing (79.5%), Valsalva ratio (87.2%), and vagal baroreflex sensitivity (57.9%). Plasma norepinephrine was elevated and rose appropriately upon standing (722–1207 pg/mL). Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring revealed hypertension, postural hypotension, hypertensive surges, tachycardia, and absence of nocturnal dipping. Blood pressure lability correlated with impaired vagal baroreflex function. Postganglionic sympathetic sudomotor function was normal in most cases; the most frequent thermoregulatory sweat test finding was focal neck anhidrosis (78.9%). Standardized autonomic testing in R-ABF demonstrates cardiovascular adrenergic impairment with orthostatic hypotension, blood pressure lability, and elevated plasma norepinephrine. Cardiovagal impairment is common, while sudomotor deficits are limited to direct radiation effects.
VSD-MOEA: A Dominance-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm with Explicit Variable Space Diversity Management
Authors: Castillo Joel Chacón , Segura Carlos , Coello Carlos A. Coello
Published: November 2021

Most state-of-the-art Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms (moeas) promote the preservation of diversity of objective function space but neglect the diversity of decision variable space. The aim of this article is to show that explicitly managing the amount of diversity maintained in the decision variable space is useful to increase the quality of moeas when taking into account metrics of the objective space. Our novel Variable Space Diversity-based MOEA (vsd-moea) explicitly considers the diversity of both decision variable and objective function space. This information is used with the aim of properly adapting the balance between exploration and intensification during the optimization process. Particularly, at the initial stages, decisions made by the approach are more biased by the information on the diversity of the variable space, whereas it gradually grants more importance to the diversity of objective function space as the evolution progresses. The latter is achieved through a novel density estimator. The new method is compared with state-of-art moeas using several benchmarks with two and three objectives. This novel proposal yields much better results than state-of-the-art schemes when considering metrics applied on objective function space, exhibiting a more stable and robust behavior.
What Divides, and What Unites, Right-Node Raising
Authors: Belk Zoe , Neeleman Ad , Philip Joy
Published: November 2021

We argue, following Barros and Vicente (2011), that right-node raising (RNR) results from either ellipsis or multidominance. Four considerations support this claim. (a) RNR has properties of ellipsis and of multidominance. (b) Where these are combined, the structure results from repeated RNR: a pivot created through ellipsis contains a right-peripheral secondary pivot created through multidominance. (c) In certain circumstances, one or the other derivation is blocked, so that RNR behaves like pure ellipsis or pure multidominance. (d) Linearization of RNR-as-multidominance requires pruning. The same pruning operation delivers RNR-as-ellipsis, which explains why the two derivations must meet the same ordering constraints.
A Statistical Analysis of Summarization Evaluation Metrics Using Resampling Methods
Authors: Deutsch Daniel , Dror Rotem , Roth Dan
Published: November 2021

The quality of a summarization evaluation metric is quantified by calculating the correlation between its scores and human annotations across a large number of summaries. Currently, it is unclear how precise these correlation estimates are, nor whether differences between two metrics’ correlations reflect a true difference or if it is due to mere chance. In this work, we address these two problems by proposing methods for calculating confidence intervals and running hypothesis tests for correlations using two resampling methods, bootstrapping and permutation. After evaluating which of the proposed methods is most appropriate for summarization through two simulation experiments, we analyze the results of applying these methods to several different automatic evaluation metrics across three sets of human annotations. We find that the confidence intervals are rather wide, demonstrating high uncertainty in the reliability of automatic metrics. Further, although many metrics fail to show statistical improvements over ROUGE, two recent works, QAEval and BERTScore, do so in some evaluation settings.1
Muslim Modernism in Turkish: Assessing the Thought of Late Ottoman Intellectual Mehmed Akif
Authors: Hammond Andrew
Published: November 2021

Late Ottoman intellectual Mehmed Akif (1873–1936) was for decades depicted in Turkish public discourse in generic terms as an Islamist radical opposed to the secular nation state. Through Akif’s poetry, articles, translations, correspondence from his exile in Egypt, and biographical detail revealed in the scattered memoirs of students and colleagues, this article offers a reappraisal of his thought as a leading Muslim modernist who adapted the thinking of Egyptian religious scholar Muḥammad ʿAbduh (1849–1905) to an Ottoman and then Turkish audience in the formulation of an early, prescient compromise between religion and nationalism. The article also notes remarkable similarities between Akif and Indian thinker Muḥammad Iqbāl (1877–1938), whom Akif was instrumental in introducing to Arab audiences, and suggests that, once political Islam had later gained currency across all fields of public life, Akif became an alternative to nationalist icon Ziya Gökalp (1876–1924) as an intellectual symbol of the republic.
Can Aquatic Invertebrates within Public Aquaria Fit the Five Domain Welfare Model?
Authors: Perkins Kerry
Published: November 2021

Welfare within zoos and aquariums has come under increasing scrutiny due to the change in public opinion of animals in captivity. It is vital that as an industry mechanisms and frameworks are in place to determine welfare of animals within our care. Due to potential bias in current welfare models toward terrestrial vertebrates, it is important to determine whether they can be utilised in differing environments such as aquariums. Using the most recent five domain model (Mellor, 2017) the possible application within public aquaria is discussed, considering each domain in respect to aquatic invertebrates, an often-neglected group of organisms when considering welfare in aquaria. This review highlights the additional considerations needed when applying the five domain model to this diverse group of organisms. Furthermore, the identification of gaps within the current literature is discussed in respect to whether the full five domain model can be currently be applied at this time.
Astragalus taledensis, a new species of Leguminosae from Xinjiang, China
Authors: ZHANG HUAN , REN SHANSHAN , YAN PING
Published: November 2021

A new species, Astragalus taledensis P. Yan & H. Zhang (Leguminosae), is described from Xinjiang Province, China. Astragalus taledensis is distinguished from other species of Astragalus by its simple leaf, prostrate stem and the type of the legumes. The stamens of A. taledensis are nearly equal in shape and length, which is similar to some species of A. sect. Ornithopodium (eastern group). The species is most similar to Astragalus hamiensis S. B. Ho, from which it differs for the simple leaf, prostrate stem, length of the flower, bract and calyx, and width of the legume.
Astragalus wui, a new replacement name for A. sylvaticus Y.H. Wu (Galegeae, Papilionoideae, Fabaceae)
Authors: IDREES MUHAMMAD , ZHANG ZHIYONG
Published: November 2021

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Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Metal Oxide and Hydroxy-Apatite Nanoparticles Enhanced Plant Growth Promoting Capabilities of Root Endosymbionts of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
Authors: Kaur Harsimran , Kalia Anu , Sharma Sat Pal
Published: November 2021

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of three different nanomaterials (NMs) on the growth, physiology and protein profile of the endosymbiotic bacteria isolated from the root nodules of vegetable cowpea. The alterations in growth and viability of the bacterial cells, their
indole-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production abilities, phosphate solubilization potential and total protein content were assessed. Further, the isolates were also analyzed for changes in their exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and secretion behavior with exposure to different concentrations
of the NMs. The NM supplementation of the broth improved the growth, viable cell count, IAA content, siderophore production and potential to solubilize tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) as sole phosphorus (P)-source. The NMs also improved the total protein content of the bacterial cells indicating
the improved physiology and biochemistry of the treated bacterial cells. The treated cells produced significantly high EPS compared to untreated control cultures. The present investigation revealed that the NMs improved plant growth abilities of cowpea root endosymbiotic bacteria, though the
impact varied across various isolates as well as NM concentrations.
Development of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-Based Immunobiosensor for the Detection of Bluetongue Virus
Authors: Sudan Guray Madhu , Minakshi Prasad , Brar Basanti , Rani Ruma , Lambe Upendra P.
Published: November 2021

Bluetongue (BT) disease is a noncontagious disease of domestic and wild ruminants (mainly sheep, cattle, deer) caused by the bluetongue virus (BTV) which is an orbivirus of the Reoviridae family and transmitted by vector Culicoides biting midges. It is a reportable disease of considerable
socioeconomic concern and of major importance for the international trade of animals and animal products. Conventional diagnostic methods, such as virus propagation and isolation, immunoassays and also various molecular methods have been developed for the detection of the BTV. Here, we present
a novel, rapid and pen-side test for the detection of BTV using multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) based immunosensor. Though it is not reported yet. The MWCNTs were prepared, characterized and functionalized with carboxyl group. Viral antibodies were conjugated successfully with functionalized
MWCNTs and coated on screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE). These SPCE were evaluated by using electrochemical sensor with an antigen specific to BTV antibodies, resulted in the self-assembled layer of antigen–antibody on the surface of SPCE. The approach described in the present study
is a prototype for the development of simple and economic diagnostic tool which will provide the routine screening of BT disease at the door of farmers, thereby increasing the income of farmers by decreasing the cost of diagnosis.
Nanotechnology: A Sustainable Solution for Bioenergy and Biofuel Production
Authors: Kamla Malik , Sushil Ahlawat , Karmal Malik , Shweta  , Yadvika
Published: November 2021

Restricted reservation and environmental impact of conventional fossil fuel forced researchers to explore substitute fuel which addresses the concern of cost, security and global warming. Consequently the aptness of various aspirants for biofuel and bioenergy is being continuously quested
by the scientist and ecologist in terms of economic viability, reliability and future sustainability. Adapting blending capability with gasoline without much alteration make fuel from plant origin (biofuel) ideal candidate for alternative of petroleum based products. Nano technology via nano
additatives viz. metal oxide, nanofibers, nanosheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a carrier or nanocatalyst in biofuel conversion practices further enhances biofuel production and efficiency many fold. Therefore, the present review critically discusses the conversion technologies for bioenergy
and biofuel production, application of nanotechnology in their enhancement, safety challenges and future perspective.
Herbal Medicine for Urinary Tract Infections with the Blazing Nanotechnology
Authors: Devi Nisha , Rani Kanika , Kharb Pushpa , Prasad Minakshi
Published: November 2021

Medicinal plants have been an integral and essential part of human life since ancient times. These have shaped the cultures around the globe. From underlings to elderly persons, everyone has come across to use herbal medicine for minor infection to deadly diseases. A wholesome approach
is needed to maximize the knowledge about traditional resources. Thus, combining it with the new advents of technology is miraculous. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the prevalent infections in the world. Increasing multi-drug resistance among uropathogens is quite problematic. The
burning field of nanotechnology offers an enormous help in revolutionizing the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The nanoparticles and nanocarriers can increase the bioavailability and efficacy of phytoconstituents targeted against the uropathogens. The present review focuses on herbal
medicine and nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanocarriers, nanoantibiotics as potent anti-bacterial agents against urinary tract infections.
Nanotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture: An Emerging Perspective
Authors: Singh Sushila , Sangwan Seema , Sharma Pankaj , Devi Parvesh , Moond Monika
Published: November 2021

The realm of agriculture has to confront an expansive gamut of challenges including climatic change, stagnant crop yield and the increasing resistance against pesticides. The explicit usage of agrochemicals along with the introduction of high yielding varieties and genetically modified
seeds has already directed the agricultural systems towards a state of saturation in production. Therefore, the increasing need of sustainability demands the involvement of advanced nanotechnological approaches for enhancing crop productivity. Enhanced solubility, absorption and target specificity
of nannofertilizers prepared using materials like silver, copper, gold and oxides of zinc and iron could address some of nutritional challenges. Nanopesticides such as chitosan loaded with spino sad, silica encapsulating fipronil and sodium alginate enclosing imidacloprid find applications
in pest control while fluorescence nanosensor, carbon and graphene nanodots are exploited in herbicide and heavy metal detection. Nanofilteration involving grapheme, cellulose and cyclodextrin for removal of salt, heavy metals and organic pollutants, respectively, could significantly improve
quality of hard and waste water making it suitable for irrigation.
Impact of Mesoporous Nano-Silica (SiO2) on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat, Pea and Mustard Seed
Authors: Chourasiya V. K. , Nehra Anuj , Shukla P. S. , Singh K. P. , Singh Priyanka
Published: November 2021

Wide range of nanomaterial applications is helpful to promote sustainable agriculture to the point of nanolevel. With regard to this, biocompatible silica nanoparticles have been used as a nanopriming agent for enhancing seed germination in rabi crops like wheat, pea and mustard. The
current study was carried out in a completely randomized block design with four replications. One part of nanosilica (8 g/L) and three parts of Gibberellic acid (GA3) loaded nano-silica (100 ppm, 125 ppm and 150 ppm) were used for the experimental purpose. The result showed positive
significant effect of nanopriming with nano-silica and GA3 loaded nano-silica on seed germination percentage, shoot and root length, seedling length, fresh weight, dry weight and vigour index-I and II at P ≤ 0.05. A comparative study on germination percentage for three of the cereal
crops was done and calculated further. It was found to be higher as 91% in wheat, 91% in pea and 75% in mustard. This effect of nanopriming directly help in elevating the activity of α-amylase enzyme, resulting in higher concentration of soluble sugar content needed for supporting
seed germination and growth of seedling. In this paper, the nanopriming-induced seed germination is proposed, including the creation of nanopores for enhanced water uptake, rebooting ROS/antioxidant systems in seeds, generation of hydroxyl radicals for cell wall loosening, and nano-catalyst
to fasten starch hydrolysis.
Preparation of Metal Modified onto Biochar from Hazardous Waste for Arsenic Removal
Authors: Lin Min-Fa , Nguyen Nhat-Thien , Chen Chih-Kuei , Le Thuy-Trang , Chen Shiao-Shing , Chen Po-Han
Published: November 2021

Use of urban sludge, hospital sludge, and aquatic product sludge as a biochar adsorbent from wastewater treatment plants was investigated. Microwave carbonization was used to carbonize the sludge and then chemically activated at high temperatures to increase porosity and surface area.
Effective of arsenic adsorption in water presents a newly designed metal doped to biochar. The biochar was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm analyzer (BET), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray
diffraction (XRD) analysis. Results display uniform pore sizes and high surface area (>490 m2g−1) of the biochar. Thence, urban sludge, hospital sludge, and aquatic product sludge can be used as carbon sources. The highest amount of Fe, Mn, and Ni loading onto
the biochar was determined to be 8.0%, 6.0% and 10.0%, respectively. All biochar samples have arsenic adsorption capacities positively correlated with initial concentration. The corresponding removal efficiency of As(V) is 98% and As(III) is 84% at pH 3 with an adsorption capacity of 4.12
and 3.6 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption capacity of As(V) and As(III) clearly decreased in the presence of PO43− (2.34 and 1.46 mg g−1, respectively). Due to competition for adsorption sites, the PO43−
can effectively reduce arsenic adsorption. The arsenic species adsorption–desorption recycles on biochar are also discussed.
The Effects of Heavy Precipitation on Polarimetric Radio Occultation (PRO) Bending Angle Observations
Authors: Wang Kuo-Nung , Ao Chi O. , Padullés Ramon , Turk Francis J. , Juárez Manuel de la Torre , Cardellach Estel
Published: November 2021

Following the successful launch of the Spanish PAZ mission the proof of concept experiment “Radio Occultation and Heavy Precipitation with PAZ” (ROHP-PAZ) started operating in May 2018. The ROHP-PAZ observations demonstrated that precise measurements of the phase shift between horizontal and vertical polarizations from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) L-band signals are sensitive to oriented hydrometeors along the ray paths. While this differential phase shift measurement as a function of time has proven very useful, the regular radio occultation (RO) intermediate products from different polarized channels, such as bending angle and phase retrievals on the domain of impact parameter, have never been exploited. In this research, we studied the characteristics of polarimetric phase and bending angle difference retrieved by the radio-holographic (RH) method to mitigate atmospheric multipath effect and to explore their use in data assimilation. To validate RH approach in polarimetric retrievals, we performed end-to-end simulations where the hydrometeors are modeled by the effective refractivity with different horizontal extents. The simulation results demonstrate that the strong precipitation (>15 mm h−1) with 40-km horizontal extent can be detected with the retrieved bending angle shift. The calibration process on the impact parameter domain has also been developed to extract the differential phase and bending angle shift from the actual polarimetric RO data. Statistics from the PAZ data shows that the mean retrieved RH polarimetric phase shift with various horizontal extent is approximately proportional to the tangent point location rain rate at a ratio of 0.02 rad (mm h−1)−1.
Exams or applications? Elite Taiwanese students’ perceptions and navigation of college admissions systems
Authors: Chiang Yi-Lin
Published: November 2021

Studies often portray elite students as self-interested adolescents who justify educational selection systems that favor them. However, this perspective neglects critiques of the college admissions system on the part of the elite, who often have no other option than to support it as fulfilling the ideals of fairness. This study examines academic elite students’ perceptions of college admissions systems when they are given choices as to which system to use. Data for this study come from surveys, interviews, and participant observation in Taiwan, where students are selected through two systems: exam-based selections and application-based selections. The findings show that students in elite high schools perceive whichever system that benefits them to be the fairest. By narrowly defining fairness as family influence on admission outcomes, these students downplay the institutional advantages they enjoy and present themselves as deserving candidates. Using the example of elite Taiwanese students, this study highlights that elites justify privilege based on self-interest and strategically navigate admissions systems to accrue advantages.
Getting a Handle on Sales: Shopping Carts Affect Purchasing by Activating Arm Muscles
Authors: Estes Zachary , Streicher Mathias C.
Published: November 2021

This research demonstrates that the physical properties of shopping carts influence purchasing and spending. Prior research on ergonomics indicates that standard shopping carts, which are pushed via a horizontal handlebar, are likely to activate arm extensor muscles. Prior research on arm muscle activation, in turn, suggests that arm extensor activation may elicit less purchasing than arm flexor activation. The authors thus deduce that standard shopping carts may be suboptimal for stimulating purchases. The authors predicted that shopping carts with parallel handles (such as on a wheelbarrow or “walker”) would instead activate the flexor muscles and thus increase purchasing. An electromyography study revealed that both horizontal and vertical handles more strongly activate the extensor muscles of the upper arm (triceps), whereas parallel handles more strongly activate the flexor muscles (biceps). In a field experiment, parallel-handle shopping carts significantly and substantially increased sales across a broad range of categories, including both vice and virtue products. Finally, in a simulated shopping experiment, parallel handles increased purchasing and spending beyond both horizontal and vertical handles. These results were not attributable to the novelty of the shopping cart itself, participants’ mood, or purely ergonomic factors.
Emotions and the Systematization of Connective Labor
Authors: Pugh Allison J.
Published: November 2021

A profusion of jobs has arisen in contemporary capitalism involving ‘connective labor’, or the work of emotional recognition. Yet the expansion of this interpersonal work occurs at the same time as its systematization, as pressures of efficiency, measurement and automation reshape the work, generating a ‘colliding intensification’. Existing scholarship offers three different ways of understanding the role of emotions in connective labor – as tool, commodity or vulnerability – depending on their view of systematization as useful, inseparable or dehumanizing. Based on 106 in-depth interviews and 300+ hours of observations, I found that vestiges of all three models lurked in the experience of providing connective labor, yet none fully captured the profound meaning practitioners reported finding in their work. Systems varied on three dimensions, reflecting the relative worth of worker, recipient or the work, extracting value from the forged connections, while the meanings workers derived shaped their perspective on its systematization.
The Relevance of Herbert Marcuse’s Thought Today: Or the Historical Fate of Bourgeois Democracy in and Beyond the Neoliberal Era
Authors: Maley Terry
Published: November 2021

This article engages Herbert Marcuse’s work from the mid-1960s to the early 1970s (his New Left period and just after) and puts it into dialogue with current radical democratic political theorists who have reflected on how the systemic dysfunctions of neoliberalism have enabled the rise of populist authoritarianism within existing liberal democracies. Revisiting the way Marcuse struggled with critical issues in theory and practice can illuminate both possibilities for, and difficulties with, liberation that remain relevant for critiques of neoliberalism today. After revisiting Marcuse I then briefly take up affinities between his analysis of how liberal democracies can become authoritarian, and recent critiques of neoliberalism in the thought of Sheldon Wolin, Wendy Brown and John Keane. These theorists have implicitly or explicitly taken up aspects of Marcuse’s analysis of authoritarianism and domination in their own critiques of neoliberalism today.
Digital practices across the UK population: The influence of socio-economic and techno-social variables in the use of the Internet
Authors: Calderón Gómez Daniel , Ragnedda Massimo , Laura Ruiu Maria
Published: November 2021

This article investigates the entanglement between socio-economic and technological factors in conditioning people's patterns of Internet use. We analysed the influence of sociodemographic and techno-social aspects in conditioning the distinctive digital practices developed by Internet users. By using a representative sample of UK users and different methods of analysis, such as factor analysis, K-means cluster analysis and logit analysis, this study shows how techno-social variables have a stronger effect than socio-economic variables in explaining the advanced use of the Internet.