bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial perturbation drives tau oligomers pathology in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: DU Fang , Yu Qing , Chen Doris , Yan Shi Fang , Yan Shirley
Published: July 2020

Tau oligomers, prior to neurofibrillary tangle formation, are toxic species responsible for tau pathology, mitochondrial and synaptic damage, and memory impairment. The underlying mechanisms of abnormal tau accumulation and strategies to eliminate them remain largely unknown. The present study addresses whether mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are major contributing factors for tau oligomer formation and, if so, whether eliminating mitochondrial ROS reduces accumulation of tau oligomers and improves mitochondrial and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). First, we determined whether increased oxidative stress correlates with aggregation of tau oligomers in human AD-affected brains, Aβ/tau overexpressed mouse models, human trans-mitochondrial “cybrid” (cytoplasmic hybrid) neuronal cells containing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD-derived mitochondria, and Aβ/tau expressing neuronal cells. In P301S tau and AD mice, upregulation of tau oligomers correlates with ROS accumulation. Elevated tau oligomer levels are also correlated with elevated ROS levels in the AD patient hippocampus. Importantly, human cybrid cells, whose mitochondria are derived from platelets of patients with sporadic AD or MCI, displayed aggregated tau oligomers, which also correlated with upregulated ROS levels. Application of mito-Tempo, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, to inhibit the generation of mitochondrial and intracellular ROS in tau and AD neurons, as well as in MCI and AD cybrids ex vivo, leads to a striking decrease in tau oligomers. Finally, in AD mice, mito-Tempo inhibited tau oligomer accumulation and improved behavioral deficiency. Our work adds to the growing body of evidence that oxidative stress contributes to tau oligomer formation and that inhibition of oxidative stress ameliorates tauopathy in AD.
Enhanced in vitro production of diosgenin in shoot cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea by elicitation and precursor feeding
Authors: Nazir Romaan , Gupta Suphla , Kumar Vijay , Gupta Ajai Prakash , Dwivedi Padmanabh , Dey Abhijit , Malik Tabarak , Pandey Devendra Kumar
Published: July 2020

Background Dioscorea deltoidea (Family: Dioscoreaceae) is a critically endangered medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical industries for the preparation of appropriate drugs. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different elicitors such as salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJa) on the synthesis of diosgenin production in D . deltoidea shoot cultures. In addition, the effect of different precursors (squalene, β-sitosterol, and cholesterol) was also demonstrated.Results Results showed that precursors significantly influenced diosgenin production as compared to elicitors. Application of SA (200 µM) showed highest diosgenin production (0.912% DW) at 4 h incubation time, whereas MeJA (100 µM) exhibited 0.814% DW of diosgenin content at 8 h of incubation time. Among precursors, β-sitosterol at 200 µM produced maximum diosgenin content (1.006% DW) followed by 100 µM squalene (0.947% DW) harvested after 5 th day of culture. Interestingly, cholesterol showed low diosgenin production, but significant than control cultures. Conclusions The results revealed that exposure to different elicitors and precursors have a promising application in accumulation of diosgenin in D.deltoidea shoot cultures.
Five Years Follow-up After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Using Suture Bridge Technique: Evaluation of the Retear Rate and the Impairment of the Shoulder Function
Authors: Sheng Zhang , Huisheng Shi , Xiaohua Liu , Zheng Wang , Yan Li , Nanling Deng , Jin Sun , Jia Ma , Bo Jiang , Lei Zhang
Published: July 2020

Purpose: To evaluate the retear rate after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using a suture bridge (SB) technique for patients with full thickness rotator cuff tears and whether the non- healing cuff impaired the shoulder function.Methods: From January 2013 to January 2014, 92 patients in our institution underwent arthroscopic double-row suture bridge repair for the treatment of full-thickness rotator cuff tear 55 patients who have completed the 5 years follow-up were enrolled in this study. There were 36 female and 19 male patients, and the average age was 58.6 years (range, 41- 70 years). The tears were classified into small (<1 cm), medium (1-3 cm), large (3-5 cm), and massive (> 5 cm) according to the classification of DeOrio and Cofield. According to the intraoperative measurement, small tears were found in 5 shoulders (9%), medium tears in 19 shoulders (34.5%), large tears in 23 shoulders (41.8%), and massive tears in 8 shoulders (14.5%). The mean follow-up was 71.2 months (range, 66-78 months). Post-operative cuff integrity was evaluated with ultrasound (US) according to the published literature which was comparable to Sugaya MRI classification. Types I-III indicated cuff healing and types IV or V indicated retear. The retear patterns were divided into type 1 (failure at the original repair site) or 2 (failure around the medial row). At baseline and final follow-up, shoulder functional outcomes were measured using validated, shoulder-specific outcome scores, including the Constant-Murley score (CS) and the American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES). The difference in abduction muscle strength was also evaluated between the integrity and the retear group.Results: At final follow-up, the rotator cuff was completely healed in 45 of the 55 shoulders. There were recurrent tears in 10 shoulders, and the retear rate was 18.2%. The type 1 re- tear pattern was found in 4 shoulders (40%), and type 2 in 6 shoulders (60%). The Constant and ASES scores improved from 41.00 to 92.00, and from 41.33 to 88.00, respectively. The mean differences in shoulder scaption strength between the healing and the retear group were 1.1±0.82Kg and 3.0±0.88Kg respectively. The difference in muscle strength between the retear and the healing group was statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Arthroscopic suture bridge repair of full-thickness rotator cuff tears led to excellent improvement in shoulder function, but maintained a high retear rate. Although the retear group had inferior muscle strength, the patients were still satisfied, and shoulder function was improved due to pain relief. Whether such changes in muscle strength impair patients' long-term quality of life and shoulder function remains to be discussed.Level of evidence IV
Bridging the science-to-service gap: Implementation of a supervised HIV self-testing intervention among young adults at a tertiary education institution in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mukora-Mutseyekwa Fadzai , Mundagowa Paddington Tinashe , Kangwende Rugare Abigail , Murapa Tsitsi , Tirivavi Mandla , Mukuwapasi Waraidzo , Uzande Charles , Mutibura Queen , Chadambuka Elizabeth Marian , Machinga Mazvita
Published: July 2020

Background The evidence-based practices of implementation science constitute the integration of study findings into routine practice of public health interventions such as HIV testing services (HTS). While young people are at high risk of HIV infection, a national survey showed that adolescents and youths were less likely to go for an HIV test. This study aimed to develop and implement a systematic and multifaceted HIV self-testing (HIVST) intervention to promote the uptake of HTS among young people.Methods The study was conducted at Africa University, Mutare where desk and literature review was conducted to gather evidence on HIVST. Multiple stakeholder consultation was carried out to understand contextual enablers and barriers that either promote or undermine adoption of the intervention. Strategies for situation analysis and evidence gathering included community engagement meetings, training of implementers and conducting a baseline survey. A consensus group adapted the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to understand the realities of context and intervention while the Reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance (RE-AIM) guide was used to analyze the intervention implementation and evaluation survey.Results The baseline enquiry indicated that the CFIR dimensions which positively influences intervention implementation were: network, network and communications, preparation of implementation, availability of resources, planification, implication and formally appointed internal leadership while origin of intervention and self-efficacy had negatively influenced implementation. Evaluating the intervention fidelity using the RE-AIM framework revealed that high performance with regard to reach, effectiveness, adoption and implementation but low maintenance. This study also applied the APEASE criteria (affordability, practicability, effectiveness, acceptability, side effects, and equity) for selecting the final components used in implementation.Conclusion Combining literature search, documents review, stakeholder consultation, together with provider and end-user engagement can potentially improve intervention delivery for closed populations such as Universities. Blending program agents with systematic process of activities correspondingly enhance HTS uptake among young people. The utilization of the CFIR and RE-AIM analytical frameworks in this study, offered flexible and simplified implementation and analysis of the intervention.
Predicting Pathologic Responsive to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer by Radiomics of Multiparametric MR
Authors: Lu nannan , Dong jie , Fang xin , Wang lufang , Jia wei , Zhou xiong , Han xinghua
Published: July 2020

Background:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer was short of recognized treatment scheme and prediction factor. Diffusion weighted magnetic imaging can predict treatment response in patients with locally advanced breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods:Fifty patients of breast cancer (mean age, 48.7 years) with stage II-III who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and preoperative MRI were retrospectively evaluated between 2016 and 2020. Association between preoperative breast MRI findings or clinicopathological features and effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were studied. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:Multivariate logistics regression analysis showed that clinical stage (OR, 0.104; 95% CI: 0.021, 0.516; p=0.006) at baseline and standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) change (OR, 9.865; 95% CI: 1.024, 95.021; p=0.048) were predictive factors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The percentage of standard ADC value increasing in pCR group was larger than that in non-pCR group at first time point (p<0.05). The AUC of ROC curve was 0.828 (95% CI: 0.681, 0.975; p<0.05). In pCR group, change of standard ADC values was greater compared with that in tumor size at ﬁrst follow-up (p<0.05). It was correlation between change of standard ADC values and tumor diameter at first follow-up (r, 0.438; p<0.05). Triple-negative patients in pCR group had higher change of standard ADC values than that in non-pCR groupat ﬁrst follow-up (p>0.05).Conclusion:Standard ADC values change, clinical stage at baseline were closely related to the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The change of standard ADC values advanced reduction of tumor size at first follow-up and can predict effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the early stage.
Dynamic predict in-hospital mortality risk in intensive care unit with a new deep learning of artificial intelligence
Authors: Chen Yu-wen , Li Yu-jie , Yang Zhi-yong , Zhong Kun-hua , Zhang Li-ge , Chen Yang , Zhi Hong-yu , Deng Peng , Wang Dan-dan , Gu Jian-teng , Ning Jiao-lin , Lu Kai-zhi , Zhang Ju , Xia Zheng-yuan , Yi Bin
Published: July 2020

Background

Dynamic prediction of patients’ mortality risk in ICU with time series data is limited due to the high dimensionality, uncertainty with sampling intervals, and other issues. New deep learning method, temporal convolution network (TCN), makes it possible to deal with complex clinical time series data in ICU. We aimed to develop and validate it to predict mortality risk using time series data from MIMIC III dataset.
Methods

Finally, 21139 records of ICU stays were analyzed and in total 17 physiological variables from the MIMIC III dataset were used to predict mortality risk. Then we compared the model performances of attention-based TCN with traditional artificial intelligence (AI) method.
Results

The Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUCROC) and Area Under Precision-Recall curve (AUC-PR) of attention-based TCN for predicting the mortality risk 48 h after ICU admission were 0.837(0.824–0.850) and 0.454. The sensitivity and specificity of attention-based TCN were 67.1% and 82.6%, compared to the traditional AI method yield low sensitivity (< 50%).
Conclusions

Attention-based TCN model achieved better performance in prediction of mortality risk with time series data than traditional AI methods and conventional score-based models. Attention-based TCN mortality risk model has the potential for helping decision-making in critical patients.
Identification of AC003986.3 as an Independent Risk Factor for Glioma Patient Survival and Functional Analysis
Authors: Liu Qinglin , Ge Huijian , Jiang Peng
Published: July 2020

Background: To validate the potential of AC003986.3 in predicting glioma patient survival and analyze its underlying mechanism.Methods: Gene expression and clinical features of the patients with gliomas were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlatls. Correlation between AC003986.3 expression profile and patient clinical features and survival were analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression was employed to determine the risk factors for patient survival and construct the prediction model for survival. Validation of the multivariate Cox regression model was performed by comparing the survival curves between the model-predicted high and low death risk subgroups and calculating the accuracy of predicting 1, 2, 3, and 5 years survival by the model. Target genes were predicted with Ensemble Browser. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to explore AC003986.3 related gene sets enrichment in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways.Results: 655 samples with gene expression and complete clinical features were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Clinical features enrolled in this study were follow up time, survival status, race, gender, race and pathological grade. AC003986.3 expression was positively related to patient age and pathological grade. Patients with High AC003986.3 expression suffered a poorer survival than those with low expression. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that AC003986.3 expression was an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. Predicted by Ensemble Browser, TWIST1 was identified as the target of AC003986.3. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that AC003986.3 related gene sets were mainly enriched in cell metabolism.Conclusions: AC003986.3 expression was closely related to age and pathological grade in glioma patients, and was an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. AC003986.3 was mainly involved in regulating tumor cell metabolism, and this effect is probably mediated by TWIST1.
The role of post-translational modifications by ubiquitin/ISG15 tags in exposed proteins during NETosis: Immunogenic or tolerogenic signaling process in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
Authors: Carrillo-Vázquez Daniel Alberto , Jardón-Valadez. Eduardo , Torres-Ruiz Jiram , Juárez-Vega Guillermo , Maravillas-Montero José Luis , Meza-Sánchez David Eduardo , Domínguez-López María Lilia , Varela Jorge Carlos Alcocer , Gomez-Martin Diana
Published: July 2020

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) are characterized by lower ubiquitylation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) as a substrate. The structural and functional effect of such modification and if there are additional post-translational modifications (PTMs) are unknown.Methods: To assess the expression and functional role of PTMs in NETs of patients with SLE; reactivation, proliferation and cytokine production was evaluated by flow cytometry using co-cultures with dendritic cells (DC) and CD4+ from SLE patients and healthy controls. The impact of ubiquitylation on MPO was assessed by molecular dynamics. The expression of ISG15 in NETs was evaluated by immunofluorescence and Western Blot.Results: Fifteen patients with SLE and 10 healthy controls were included. In the co-cultures of CD4+ lymphocytes with DC stimulated with ubiquitylated MPO or recombinant MPO, a higher expression of IFNγ and IL17A was found in CD4+ from SLE patients (p < 0.05). Furthermore, with DC stimulated with ubiquitylated MPO a trend towards increased expression of CD25 and Ki67 was found in lupus CD4+ lymphocytes, while the opposite was documented in controls (p < 0.05). Through molecular dynamics we found the K129-K488-K505 residues of MPO as susceptible to ubiquitylation. Ubiquitylation affects the hydration status of the HEME group depending on the residue to which it is conjugated. R239 was found near by the HEME group when the ubiquitin was in K488-K505. In addition, we found greater expression of ISG15 in the SLE NETs vs controls (p < 0.05), colocalization with H2B (r = 0.78) only in SLE samples and increased production of IFNγ in PBMCs stimulated with lupus NETs compared to healthy controls NETs.Conclusion: The ubiquitylated MPO has a differential effect on the induction of reactivation and proliferation of CD4+ lymphocytes in patients with SLE, which may be related to structural changes by ubiquitylation at the catalytic site of MPO. Besides a lower ubiquitylation pattern, NETs of patients with SLE are characterized by the expression of H2B conjugated with ISG15, and the induction of IFNγ by Th1 cells.
Comparison of the RENAL, PADUA, DAP, NePhRO, and SPARE scores for retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Authors: Jin Yanyang , Wang Mingshuai , Yang Feiya , Xing Nianzeng
Published: July 2020

Background: Nephrometry scores play a critical role in the preoperative evaluation of partial nephrectomy. Although score comparisons have been performed for transperitoneal or open surgery, systematic comparisons for retroperitoneal operations are lacking.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical records of patients who underwent partial nephrectomy at one center by one surgeon. Scores were generated according to the imaging results, and each score was categorized into low-, intermediate- and high-complexity groups. Then, the differences in perioperative outcomes were compared among the groups. We assessed whether the scores and sex, body mass index (BMI), age, or American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification could predict whether the warm ischemia time (WIT) was likely be longer than 20 min and whether they could predict postoperative complications worse than Clavien–Dindo 1. The interobserver variability between two experienced surgeons for these scores was calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results: A total of 107 patients were ultimately evaluated. The median tumor size was 36.88 mm, and the median WIT, total operation time (OT) and estimated blood loss (EBL) were 18.97 min, 80 min, and 100 ml, respectively. Significant differences in WIT were identified among the complexity groups for each scoring system. Significant differences were identified between the OTs associated with the DAP and RENAL score complexity groups. The scores included in this study were significantly associated with the probability of having a WIT >20 min and high-grade postoperative complications. Receiver Characteristic Operator (ROC) curves showed that there were no significant differences in their predictive power. NePhRo had the highest agreement (0.839), followed by DAP (0.827). RENAL was superior to SPARE and PADUA, which were 0.758, 0.724 and 0.667, respectively.Conclusions: The scores included in this study were useful for preoperative assessment of retroperitoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. No significant differences were observed among the scores in terms of their ability to predict prolonged hot ischemia time or high-grade postoperative complications. DAP is a good score in the retroperitoneal circumstance when its consistency is taken into account.
Ganoderma (Ganodermataceae, Basidiomycota) species from the Greater Mekong Subregion
Authors: Luangharn Thatsanee , Karunarathna Samantha C , Dutta Arun Kumar , Paloi Soumitra , Lian Cin Khan , Huyen Le Thanh , Pham Hoang ND , Hyde Kevin David , Xu Jianchu , Mortimer Peter E
Published: July 2020

The cosmopolitan Ganoderma is an important pathogen on arboreal plant hosts. Ganoderma is particularly diverse in tropical and temperate regions. It has long been used as traditional medicine because of its beneficial medicinal properties and chemical constituents. In this study, Ganoderma collections were made in tropical regions of Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and temperate Yunnan Province, China. The specimens are described based on micro-macro characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, TEF1α, and RPB2 sequence data. In this comprehensive study, we report 22 Ganoderma species from temperate and tropical regions of the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), namely G. adspersum , G. applanatum , G. australe , G. calidophilum , G. ellipsoideum , G. flexipes , G. gibbosum , G. heohnelianum , G. hochiminhense , G. leucocontextum , G. lingzhi , G. lucidum , G. multiplicatum , G. multipileum , G. myanmarens e , G. orbiforme , G. philippii , G. resinaceum , G. sinense , G. subresinosum , G. williamsianum , and G. tsugae . Of these species, 12 were collected from Yunnan Province, China; three species, were collected from Laos; three species, 2 new records, and one new species were collected from Myanmar; 15 species, and four new records were collected from Thailand; and one new species was collected from Vietnam. Comprehensive descriptions, color photographs of macro and micro characteristics, the distribution of Ganoderma in the GMS and worldwide, and a phylogenetic tree showing the placement of all the Ganoderma reported from the GMS are provided.
Skin-Gut Axis in Psoriasis Setting and Plan for Action: The Effect of Probiotics Supplementation On Clinical Outcomes, Metabolic Endotoxemia, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Moludi Jalal , Khedmatgozar Hamed , Tabrizi Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard , Razmi Hamidreza , Amirpour Mehdi , Fathi Pourya
Published: July 2020

Objective: Studies have proposed a link between psoriasis and an imbalanced gut microbiome. Therefore, the modulation of the gut microbiota with probiotics may improve clinical outcomes, metabolic endotoxemia, chronic inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriasis.Methods: Forty-six patients with psoriasis randomized into two groups, group 1 received a twice a day capsule having freeze-dried powder with 1.6×109 CFU for eight weeks, and group 2 received placebo. For clinical outcomes, we used the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), blood pressure, and SF36 to measure the quality of life. And for biochemistry analysis, we measured pro-inflammatory cytokines (hs-CRP and IL1-β), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and lipid profile. All the data collected at baseline and the end of the study. Results: Forty-six patients (28 [60%] female; mean [SD] age, 42.51 [14.55] years) contributed to the study. Improvements in SF36 score as an indexed for the QOL was significant in patients taking probiotics supplementation comparing to the placebo group and PASI (-5.06±2.10 vs. 0.30±1.80, P=0.049) as well. After the intervention, the treatment group had significant reductions in LDL and TC compared to the placebo group. In addition, we observed a considerable reduction in serum LPS levels (-7.21±10.33 vs. -2.74±0.97 mmol/L, P=0.010), hs-CRP levels (-1.67 ±0.95 vs. -0.70+ 0.38 mg/L, P=0.013), and IL1- β levels (-1.64 ±1.10 vs. 0.17+ -0.20 mg/L, P=0.043) in the probiotics group. Conclusion: This study shows that probiotics significantly improved the quality of life and seriousness in psoriatic patients. Moreover, it enhances cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers. Trial registration: This trial also was recorded in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (https://www.irct.ir) (code: IRCT20191124045483N1).
Computational assessment of wind flow field on and around atypical buildings
Authors: KB Rajasekarababu
Published: July 2020

This article provides an overview of pressure coefficients ( Cp ) on atypical tall buildings with the application of CFD. Various modifications in architectural shapes on tall buildings eventually lead to a reduction in the wind load on building surfaces. The surface pressure on conventional (Square and rectangular) buildings is relatively different in comparison to other tall buildings. This study is to evaluate the surface pressure coefficient over rectangular, taper and setback buildings. The computational results show that the taper building has 7% Cp rise at ground level ( y/H= 0.225) in the windward face, and 34% Cp fall at the middle level ( y/H= 0.475) in the side face when compared with the rectangular building. Whereas for the setback building, Cp at ground level near setback ( y/H= 0.225) has reduced to about 25% and about 6% at the middle level ( y/H= 0.475) in windward than that in the rectangle building. Also, the side faces of the setback showed a 15% drop in Cp than other buildings. In leeward face, Cp is reduced to 56% near setback at the top of the building ( y/H= 0.725). This valuation of the Cp on these buildings shows that the effect of setbacks on building reduces the pressure variation on all faces and the downstream wake vortices.
WITHDRAWN: Aging-Related Tumor Microenvironment Changes Could Worsen The Prognosis of GBM Patients
Authors: Song Hongwang , Fu Xiaojun , Wu Chenxing , Li Shouwei
Published: July 2020

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant tumor in human brain, with highly heterogeneity among different patients. Age could function as an incidence and prognosis risk factor for many tumors.Method: A series of bioinformatic experiments were conducted to evaluate the differences of incidence, differential expressed genes, enriched pathways with the data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) project.Results: We discovered in our present study that distinct difference of incidence and prognosis of different aged GBM patients. By a series of bioinformatic method, we found that the tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) was the most crucial tumor microenvironment (TME) component that led to this phenomenon. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be the mechanism by which TAFs regulate the progression of GBM. Conclusion: We have proposed a close correlation between age and GBM incidence and prognosis, and propose the underlying mechanism behind this correlation by mining different databases, which laid the foundation for future research.
Optimizing replenishment base on order structure in crane & shuttle based storage and retrieval system
Authors: MA Wenkai , WANG Yanyan , HU Jinchang , WU Yaohua
Published: July 2020

A new automatic warehouse sorting system, the crane & shuttle based storage and retrieval system (C&SBS/RS), is proposed in this paper. In C&SBS/RS, the crane-based storage and retrieval system (CBS/RS) in the pallet storage area provides the pallets picking, the shuttle-based storage and retrieval system (SBS/RS) in the tote storage area handles the cases and items picking. When the inventory in SBS/RS is lower than safety stock, SBS/RS initiates replenishment transaction. Besides, the order matrix is proposed to study order structure parameters, such as the order density, the order strength, the wave size and so on. Moreover, this paper analyzes the influence of order structure on the replenishment with four evaluation parameters, e.g., the workload of CBS/RS and SBS/RS, the number of used storage position in SBS/RS, the replenishment time. Numerical experiments are carried out to analysis the impact of the wave size and the proportion of high turnover SKU on those four evaluation parameters under multiple order structure, which is to help warehouse operation manager decide replenishment strategy parameters.
Guidance of antibiotic treatment for urinary tract infections in the early postoperative phase after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Strohäker Jens Karl Hugo , Nadalin Silvio , Königsrainer Alfred , Bachmann Robert
Published: July 2020

Purpose: Urinary tract infections are the most common infections early after kidney transplantation. The goals of this study were to evaluate our perioperative antibiotic protocol and risk factors for the occurrence of urinary tract and its effect on the early graft function. We evaluated laboratory alterations during episodes of UTI regarding their potential to guide treatment.Methods: Retrospective single-center analysis of all kidney transplant recipients of an academic transplant center between 2015 and 2017.Results: 96 patients were included in the study. Overall, in 22 patients a asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) was detected and 33 patients developed a urinary tract infection (UTI). Gram-negative UTIs appeared earlier than gram-positive UTIs. The most common lab findings during UTI were leukocytosis and CRP increase, both more common in gram-negative UTI (p .00 & .03). All complicated UTIs were caused by gram-negative bacteria (p .00). No difference in UTIs was seen between perioperative antibiotic regimens. Patients that suffered from UTIs showed less favorable graft function at discharge (GFR 43 vs 52 ml / min, p .03).Conclusion: UTIs are associated with worse graft functions while ASBs are not. Whether UTIs are caused by or lead to decreased graft function is still unclear. Proper gram-negative coverage is needed in cases of complicated UTIs or severe laboratory findings. Perioperative antibiotic regimens appear to have no beneficial influence on the incidence of UTIs.
A Cas-Embedding Strategy for Minimizing Off-Target Effects of DNA Base Editors
Authors: Liu Yajing , Zhou Changyang , Huang Shisheng , Dang Lu , Wei Yu , He Jun , Zhou Yin’s , Mao shaoshuai , Tao Wanyu , Zhang Yu , Yang Hui , Huang Xingxu , chi tian
Published: July 2020

DNA base editors, typically comprising editing enzymes fused to the N-terminus of nCas9, display off-target effects on DNA and/or RNA, which have remained a obstacle to their clinical applications. Off-target edits are typically countered via rationally designed point mutations, but the approach is tedious and not always effective. Here, we report that the off-target effects of both A>G and C>T editors can be dramatically reduced without compromising the on-target editing simply by inserting the editing enzyme into the middle of nCas9 at tolerant sites identified using a transposon-based genetic screen. Furthermore, employing this Cas-embedding method, we have created a highly specific editor capable of efficient C>T editing at methylated and GC-rich sequences.
A Novel Prognostic Model In Oral Squamous Carcinoma: The Functions And Prognostic Values Of Rna Binding Proteins
Authors: Lu Yingjuan , Yan Yongcong , Liu Mo , Liang Yancan , Ye Yushan , Cheng Weiqi , Li Jinsong , Jiao Jiuyang , Chang Shaohai
Published: July 2020

Background: The biological roles and clinical significance of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are not fully understood. We investigated the prognostic value of RBPs in OSCC by several bioinformatic strategies.Methods: OSCC data were obtained from a public online database, the Limma R package was used to identify differentially expressed RBPs, and functional enrichment analysis was performed to elucidate the biological functions of the above RBPs in OSCC. We performed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Cox regression analyses to extract prognosis-related hub RBPs. Next, we established and validated a prognostic model based on the hub RBPs by Cox regression and risk score analyses.Results: We found that the differentially expressed RBPs were closely related to the defence response to virus and multiple RNA processes. We obtained ten prognosis-related hub RBPs (ZC3H12D, OAS2, INTS10, ACO1, PCBP4, RNASE3, PTGES3L-AARSD1, RNASE13, DDX4, and PCF11) and effectively predicted the overall survival of OSCC patients. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the risk score model was 0.781, suggesting that our model had good prognostic performance. Finally, we built a nomogram integrating the ten RBPs. The internal validation cohort results showed a reliable predictive capability of the nomogram for OSCC.Conclusions: We established a novel ten-RBP-based model for OSCC that could enable precise therapeutic targets in the future.
EYA4 could be an indicator signifying colorectal cancer sufferers' prognoses
Authors: Yan Yang , Du Xiaohui , Xia Shaoyou , Li Songyan , Teng Da , Hu Shidong , Wang Yufeng , Li Rong
Published: July 2020

Background

Eyes absent 4 (EYA4) is involved in various biological processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of EYA4 and its prognostic value in colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods

The mRNA level of EYA4 in diseased tissues and adjacent normal tissues of CRC patients were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The association between EYA4 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed by χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log rank test was performed to evaluate the effects of EYA4 expression on overall survival of CRC patients. Cox regression model was applied for prognosis analysis in CRC.
Results

The mRNA level of EYA4 was significantly decreased in CRC tissues compared with that in the adjacent normal tissue (P < 0.01). And its expression was affected by DUKE stage (P = 0.034), differentiation (P = 0.027) and vascular invasion (P = 0.037). Survival curve showed that patients with low expression of EYA4 had a significantly shorter overall survival than those with high expression (log rank test, P = 0.008). Low expression of EYA4 (HR = 1.989, 95%CI = 1.090-3.62902, P = 0.025) was an independent biomarker for poor prognosis in CRC patients.
Conclusion

EYA4 expression is decreased in CRC patients and negatively correlated with aggressive tumor progression. EYA4 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for CRC.
Enhanced recovery after surgery nursing, a risk factor for stoma-related complications in patients with low rectal cancer
Authors: Shao Weiling , Wang Honggang , Chen Qun , Zhao Wen , Gu Yulian , Feng Guoqin
Published: July 2020

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing and stoma-related complications (SRCs) and prognosis in patients with low rectal cancer (LRC) undergoing abdominoperineal resection with sigmoidostomy.Methods: LRC patients who underwent elective abdominoperineal resection with sigmoidostomy between May 2016 and May 2019 were retrospectively enrolled. The occurrence of early major or minor SRCs (within postoperative 30 days) was set as the primary end-point. Clinicopathological variables and laboratory tests were compared between patients with or without SRCs. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate risk factors for SRCs. Hospitalization satisfaction-related and prognosis-related variables were compared between LRC patients with or without ERAS nursing.Results: A total of 288 patients were enrolled and the incidence of SRCs was 26.7% (77/288). ERAS nursing was the only independent risk factor for SRCs in LRC patients (OR: 2.04, 95%CI: 1.31-3.12, P=0.016) by the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Moreover, ERAS nursing was associated with higher hospitalization satisfaction rate, faster bowel function recovery, better psychological status, and higher quality of life.Conclusions: ERAS nursing was a risk factor for SRCs and associated with improved prognosis in LRC patients undergoing elective abdominoperineal resection with sigmoidostomy.
Thrombocytopenia in Pediatric Congenital Heart Diseases Patient with the Transcatheter Closure
Authors: Yang Lei , Guo Ying , Huang Meirong , Zhang Xu , Xu Xinyi , Gao Wei , Liu Tingliang
Published: July 2020

Background: Postoperative thrombocytopenia with congenital heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous transcatheter closure (PTC) has seldom been reported. We sought to investigate the treatments, severity and causes of postoperative thrombocytopenia among patients with CHD undergoing PTC.Methods: Six PTC patients undergoing postoperative thrombocytopenia in our department were included. Platelet count was measured at admission and daily after PTC at least for day 9.Results: Three patients had platelet counts below 30×10^9 /L while in the other two patients the counts were below 50×10^9 /L. All patients achieved a stable platelet count, ranging from 99×10^9 /L to 241×10^9 /L after day 9. The platelet counts recovered after being given intravenously the methylprednisolone (two patients), immunoglobulin (one patient) and platelet transfusions (two patients). During the whole course, the face and limbs of one patients were visible ecchymosis but no major bleeding events were recorded.Conclusion: In this report, the clinical outcome of our patients were satisfactory; they complaints regressed after above treatment.
The Effect of Distal Tibial Tuberosity High Tibial Osteotomy on Postoperative Patellar Height and Patellofemoral Joint Degeneration
Authors: Han Changxiao , Li Xia , Tian Xiangdong , Zhao Jiping , Zhou Liqun , Tan Yetong , Ma Sheng , Hu Yuanyi , Chen Handong , Huang Ye
Published: July 2020

Background: Distal tibial tuberosity high tibial osteotomy (DTT-HTO) can prevent distalization of the tibial tuberosity and thus patella infra. However, no studies on the clinical and radiological effects of DTT-HTO on the patellofemoral joint have been conducted. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of DTT-HTO on patella height and patellofemoral joint congruity based on the severity of patellofemoral joint OA.Methods: Twenty-nine patients (33 knees) who underwent DTT-HTO and second-look arthroscopy when implant removal between January 2018 and May 2020 were eligible for the study. Among them, 6 were males, and 23 were females, with ages from 51-78 years old. The Caton-Deschamps index (CDI), congruence angle (CA) and lateral patellar tilt (LPT) were measured to evaluate the effect of surgery on patellar height and patellofemoral joint congruity. The weightbearing line ratio (WBLR) was measured to assess lower limb alignment. The cartilage lesion in the patellofemoral joint was assessed arthroscopically during surgery and implant removal by the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading system at 18-24 months after surgery. The Hospital for Special Surgery scale (HSS) was used to evaluate knee joint function.Results: Twenty-nine patients were followed up for 18-28 months. The preoperative CDI, CA and LPT changed from 0.92±0.16 to 0.89±0.14, from 5.52±2.19 to 5.44±2.27 and from 6.95±2.88 to 6.54±2.42, respectively, and the differences were not statistically significant (p＞0.05). The preoperative WBLR significantly increased from 16.72±6.77% to 58.77±7.69% (p < 0.001). The cartilage lesions in the patella and femoral trochlea did not progress significantly from the first- to the second-look arthroscopy, according to the ICRS grades (p＞0.05). The HSS score significantly improved from 50.64±19.18 preoperatively to 67.33±14.72, 81.63±11.92 and 82.73±8.05 at the 3-month, 12-month, and last follow-up after surgery (p < 0.001).Conclusion: DTT-HTO can effectively prevent patellar infra, and its effects on postoperative patellofemoral joint congruity and patellofemoral joint OA progression are inconspicuous. It can be recommended as a treatment of varus knee combined with patella infra or patellofemoral joint OA.
A Predictive Formula for Difficult Endotracheal Intubation in the Emergency Department
Authors: Liao En-Chih , Chang Wen-Han , Yu Ching-Hsiang , Shen Cheng-Ying , Sun Fang-Ju , Lai Wen-Jyun , Chien Ding-Kuo
Published: July 2020

Background Current predictors for evaluating difficult endotracheal intubation had poor accessibility or sensitivity at the emergency department, so we evaluated the incidence and predictive factors, then built an easy-to-use predictive formula.Methods For the 110 patients, difficult airway was defined as Cormack & Lehane classification grade III and IV at first attempt of intubation. The univariate associations between patient characteristics and difficult endotracheal intubation were then analyzed, and the significantly associated factors were included in a multivariate binary logistic regression model then a predictive formula was generated. Generalized association plot (GAP) was used to show the relationship between each variables.Results The incidence of difficult intubation in our study was 35.5%. In the difficult airway group, significantly higher rates (p<0.05) of high body mass index (BMI); double chin; thick, short neck; Mallampati difficulty; smaller inter-incisors distance; smaller thyromental distance; and upper airway obstruction were noted. Finally, a predictive formula for difficult intubation was successfully established by the combination of four predictors: BMI (odds ratio [OR]=1.270), thyromental distance (OR=0.614), upper airway obstruction (OR=4.038), and Mallampati difficulty (OR=5.163). A cut-off score of 4 provided the best sensitivity (79.5%) and specificity (81.7%)(95% CI: 0.794 to 0.938).Conclusions Our predictive formula could be used by emergency physicians to quickly identify and carefully manage patients with potentially difficult intubation. Early expert consultation could be sought when necessary.Trial registration This 17-month (2011/11/1-2013/3/31) prospective observational study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of MacKay Memorial Hospital (11MMHISO64).
Keine «Rationierung» im geltenden KVG
Authors: Gächter Thomas
Published: July 2020

Spätestens seit der viel diskutierten «Erwägung 7» des Myozyme-Entscheids von 2010 (BGE 136 V 395) stellte sich die Frage, ob im Rahmen des krankenversicherungsrechtlichen Wirtschaftlichkeitsgebots eine Obergrenze für die Kostenübernahme bestehe. Im Fall eines 71-jährigen Patienten, der aufgrund verschiedener Komplikationen Spitalkosten von über zwei Millionen Franken verursacht hatte, hat das Bundesgericht dies nun mit aller wünschbaren Klarheit verneint.
Rezension: Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux, Designing for Privacy and its Legal Framework
Authors: Vasella David
Published: July 2020

Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux hat das vorliegende Werk, ihre Dissertation, zum Thema Privacy by Design 2018 abgeschlossen. Sie untersucht das Problem dabei sowohl von einer rechtlichen als auch einer technischen Seite und leistet damit einen will-kommenen Beitrag zur interdisziplinären Betrachtung.
Protection des données et droit de la concurrence: la non-conformité en tant qu'abus de position dominante
Authors: Këllezi Pranvera
Published: July 2020

L'Office fédéral des ententes en Allemagne a interdit le croisement des données en provenance des services internes et externes de Facebook avec le compte de chaque utilisateur, au motif qu'un tel traitement était contraire au RGPD et que, de ce fait, le réseau social abusait de sa position dominante. En matière de protection des données, la position dominante du responsable du traitement a pour fonction d'écarter tout fondement juridique justifiant un type particulier de traitement, alors que ladite position ne devrait pas être pertinente pour juger de la conformité au RGPD. La décision s’inscrit dans une tendance voulant s’affranchir de critères d’examen du fonctionnement du marché en droit de la concurrence, sans pour autant apporter une vraie valeur ajoutée en matière de protection des données.
Behandlungsabbruch als Tötung auf Verlangen?
Authors: Merkel Grischa
Published: July 2020

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, in welchen Fällen die Deaktivierung eines Herzschrittmachers durch einen Arzt ein rechtmässiger und sogar verpflichtender Behandlungsabbruch ist und welchen sie eine verbotene Tötung auf Verlangen darstellt. Die Lösung erschliesst sich weder aus der Art der lebenserhaltenden Apparatur noch aus der Weise der Lebensbeendigung. Vielmehr gibt das Gesetz die Grenze zur strafbaren Tötung vor, wenn Bedeutung und Reichweite des Autonomieschutzes bei dessen Auslegung berücksichtigt werden.
Handelsbeziehungen Schweiz – EU im globalen Kontext
Authors: Sieber-Gasser Charlotte
Published: July 2020

Dass das globale, regelgebundene Handelssystem gegenwärtig unter Druck steht, wirkt sich auch auf die Handelsbeziehungen der Schweiz aus. Umso wichtiger ist für die Schweiz die Möglichkeit zur zwischenstaatlichen Streitbeilegung über den Rechtsweg. Für die Handelsbeziehungen mit der EU, der mit grossem Abstand wichtigsten Handelspartnerin der Schweiz, steht bisher ein solcher Rechtsweg nicht zur Verfügung. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, inwiefern das InstA angesichts der ab-sehbaren globalen Herausforderungen zu einer langfristigen rechtlichen Absiche-rung der Handelsbeziehungen zwischen der Schweiz und der EU beitragen kann. Aus schweizerischer Perspektive erscheinen zweifellos die rechtliche Absicherung der durch das FHA erreichten Liberalisierung und dessen Modernisierung von grosser Dringlichkeit.
Rezension: Abegg-Vaterlaus, Die Patentverletzung durch additive Fertigung (3D-Druck)
Authors: Schweizer Mark
Published: July 2020

Lukas Abegg-Vaterlaus nimmt die technologische Entwicklung additiver Fertigungsmethoden zum Anlass, die Schutzwirkung von Patenten informationstheoretisch zu analysieren. Er kommt zum Schluss, dass eine Fertigungsdatei, die mit einer geeigneten Fertigungsanlage ohne weiteren menschlichen Input einen patentgeschützten Gegenstand erzeugen kann, selbst ein patentiertes Erzeugnis ist und die Erstellung der Fertigungsdatei daher auch ohne körperliche Umsetzung ausschliesslich dem Patentinhaber vorbehalten ist.
Strafrechtliche Behandlungsmassnahmen abseits von zuverlässigen Diagnosen
Authors: Lehner Chris
Published: July 2020

Anmerkung zu den Urteilen des Bundesgerichts 6B_933/2018 vom 3. Oktober 2019 und 6B_828/2019 vom 5. November 2019: Das Bundesgericht verzichtet beim Eingangskriterium der schweren psychischen Störung gemäss Art. 63 und 59 StGB teilweise auf das Erfordernis einer Diagnose nach den international anerkannten Klassifikationssystemen ICD und DSM. Es erweitert damit den Kreis möglicher Massnahmenpatienten in unberechenbarem Ausmass. Die Praxisänderung missachtet die eindeutige Gesetzeslage, stösst in forensisch-psychiatrischen Kreisen auf breiten Widerspruch und stellt die Rechtfertigung therapeutischer Massnahmen infrage.
Das Institutionelle Abkommen Schweiz-EU – ein Fall für das obligatorische Staatsvertragsreferendum?
Authors: Glaser Andreas
Published: July 2020

Nach dem geplanten EWR-Beitritt im Jahr 1992 und dem Beitritt zu Schengen/Dublin im Jahr 2007 stellt sich mit Blick auf das Institutionelle Abkommen Schweiz-EU (InstA) erneut die Frage, ob der betreffende Genehmigungsbeschluss den Beitritt zu einer supranationalen Gemeinschaft gemäss Art. 140 Abs. 1 Bst. b BV bewirkt und dieser somit dem obligatorischen Referendum zu unterstellen ist. Der Beitrittsbeschluss zum EWR wurde seinerzeit aufgrund des Verfassungsrangs verschiedener Bestimmungen im Abkommen dem obligatorischen Staatsvertragsreferendumsui generis unterstellt. Im Unterschied zur seinerzeitigen Kenntnislage vor dem geplanten Beitritt zum EWR besteht heute ein vertieftes Wissen über die Funktionsweise der bilateralen Verträge, sodass die supranationale Qualität des InstA als deren institutionelle Fortentwicklung zuverlässiger eingeordnet werden kann.