bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
YAKIT TİPİNİN VE HİBRİT SEVK SİSTEMİNİN YAKIT TÜKETİMİNE ETKİSİ: İZMİR ALSANCAK LİMANINDA BİR HİZMET GEMİSİ İÇİN UYGULAMA
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Murat , BİLİR FİDAN Cennet Özlem , CERİT A. Güldem
Published: May 2019

Denizcilik sektöründe sistemlerin işletilmesi sırasında kullanılan

araçların enerji tüketimini azaltma yolunda dünya çapında araştırma ve

geliştirme çalışmaları yapılmakta ve bu çalışmaları yaparken çevreci olma şartı

istenmektedir. Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü (IMO) ‘nün MARPOL Ek VI

"Gemilerden Kaynaklanan Hava Kirliliğinin Önlenmesine Yönelik

Düzenlemeler" göz önünde bulundurulduğunda deniz taşıtlarında enerji

kazanımı ve düşük salım değerleri elde etmek, daha fazla önem arz etmektedir.

Bu bağlamda deniz ulaştırma sistemlerinde enerji kazanımı sağlamak için gemi

ana makinesinde, gemi gövdesi ve sevk sisteminde teknolojik gelişmelere katkı

sağlayacak çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. IMO tarafından oluşturulan Enerji

Verimliliği Tasarım Endeksi yeni inşa edilen gemiler için en önemli

parametrelerden biri olup daha fazla enerji tasarrufu yapan ve daha az salım

yapan ekipman ve gemi makinelerin kullanımını teşvik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Bu çalışmada liman işletim sisteminin önemli bir parçası olan, gemilerin

zamanında limana girip çıkmaları ve manevralarına doğrudan destek veren

römorkörlerin, römorkaj hizmeti esnasındaki yakıt tüketimi değerleri, toplam

operasyon süreleri, kullanılan yakıtların tipi ve bu yakıtların analiz

değerleri elde edilmektedir. Römorkaj hizmeti veren römorkörlerde var olan ana

makine sisteminde iyileştirmeler teorik olarak ele alınmış ve sistem üzerindeki

etkilerini gösterilmektedir. Operasyon sırasında sistemde kullanılan yakıtın yerine

alternatif yakıtların kullanılmasıyla sistemde oluşabilecek olumlu ve olumsuz

sonuçlar ifade edilmektedir.
MARİNALARDA ÇEVRE YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI: TÜRKİYE MARİNALARI ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA*
Authors: AKALTAN Can , GÖKDEMİR IŞIK Nurser
Published: May 2019

Deniz turizmi, turizm sektörünün bileşenleri arasında

ülke ekonomilerine ve tanıtımlarına yaptığı katkılar ile önemli bir yere

sahiptir. Deniz turizmi çeşitleri arasında yatçılık ve marinacılık ülkemizde

öne çıkan başlıklar olmuşlardır. Günümüz marinaları güvenli limanlar olmanın

ötesinde birçok hizmet ve faaliyetin yer aldığı destinasyonlar haline

dönüşmüşlerdir. Hizmet ve faaliyetlerdeki artış, çevreye olan zararlı etkilerin

de artışına sebep olabilmektedir. Çevre yönetimi uygulamaları, marinaların ekonomik

ve çevresel sürdürülebilirliklerini korumaları için her geçen gün daha önemli

hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çevre yönetim uygulamalarındaki

eksiklikleri belirlemek ve Türk marinalarında çevre yönetim uygulamalarının

uygulanmasını etkileyen faktörleri tespit etmektir. Bu çalışma belirli

tecrübesi bulunan uzman Türk marina yöneticilerinin katılımlarıyla nitel

araştırma yöntemi olan yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniği kullanılarak

sonuçlandırılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yapmak suretiyle

değerlendirilmiştir. Mevcut ve planlanan marina yatırımlarında doğaya verilecek

zararların en aza indirilmesi, gelecek nesillere bırakacağımız en büyük

mirasımız olan doğal kaynaklarımızın korunması için büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Çevre yönetim uygulamalarını dikkate almayan işletmelerin varlıkları, değişen

çevre anlayışı ile birlikte şüphesiz tehlikeye girecektir.
Kształcenie na kierunkach studiów geoinformacja i geoinformatyka w wybranych uczelniach w Polsce
Authors: Będkowski Krzysztof , Chabudziński Łukasz , Gotlib Dariusz , Kazimierski Witold , Kunz Mieczysław , Zwoliński Zbigniew
Published: May 2019

Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie najważniejszych atutów ofert dydaktycznych polskich uczelni na kierunkach studiów w zakresie geoinformacji lub geoinformatyki. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na podobieństwa oraz specyficzne wyróżniki na poszczególnych uczelniach. Studia w zakresie geoinformacji i geoinformatyki są prowadzone w Polsce na siedmiu uczelniach, w systemie bolońskim o profilu licencjackim lub inżynierskim. Liczba godzin zajęć dydaktycznych jest zróżnicowana i wynosi od 1 890 do 2 524 godzin na studiach pierwszego stopnia oraz od 772 do 1 095 godzin na studiach drugiego stopnia. Studia na kierunkach geoinformacja i geoinformatyka są oceniane jako trudne, bowiem wymagają dobrego opanowania zagadnień, które dotychczas były (i nadal są) przedmiotem kilku różnych rodzajów studiów: przyrodniczych, geograficznych, geodezyjnych, matematycznych, statystycznych czy informatycznych. Cele studiów można uogólnić następująco: (1) wiedza niezbędna do zrozumienia funkcjonowania środowiska geograficznego, (2) umiejętności gromadzenia, przetwarzania, analizowania, interpretacji i wizualizacji danych geograficznych za pomocą (3) nowoczesnych technik i metod komputerowych lub/i (4) tworzenie narzędzi informatycznych wspierających te procesy. Realizowane kierunki studiów nie są jednakowe. Każda z uczelni nieco inaczej definiuje cele kształcenia swoich absolwentów: jednym zależy, aby posiadali oni wiedzę i umiejętności potrzebne do pomiaru przestrzeni i zjawisk, innym – aby zdobyte dane przestrzenne przetwarzali metodami informatycznymi, a jeszcze innym – aby stosowali geoinformację i geoinformatykę do poznawania mechanizmów funkcjonowania środowiska i społeczeństwa.
On the update of the sanitary classification of objects of oil production, preparation and primary oil refining (from the experience of designing of sanitary protective areas)
Authors: Kokoulina Anastasiya A. , Koshurnikov D. N. , Balashov S. Yu. , Zagorodnov S. Yu.
Published: May 2019

There are given results of generalization of designing materials for sanitary protective areas of objects of the oil production, preparation and primary oil refining. It is shown that as a result of manufacturing technology enhancement, renewal of the hardware park and implementation of air-security actions aiming at exhaust fumes reduction and the reasonable use of passing oil gas, considerable changes happened over the last decade as regarding the impact of objects on the atmospheric air and population health. The accumulated expertise of designing and concordance of the projects of sanitary protective areas for the oil production, preparation and primary oil refining objects confirms that for the majority of objects of approximate sizes of sanitary protective areas determined by the actual sanitary norms and regulations are excessive. Single and average daily maximum concentration limits as well as allowed levels of cancerogenic and non-cancerogenic risks for the health of the population are provided at the distances from the borders of construction sites which are considerably less than the ones determined by the sanitary classification. Calculation data is confirmed by results of the systematic instrumental research. There are given guidelines to introduce changes in the sanitary norms and regulations. For a number of objects it is suggested to keep the existing classification.
POSSIBILITIES FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE NEGATIVE IMPACT FROM THE USE OF SECONDARY FUEL FROM SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE ON SANITARY CONDITIONS OF THE LIFE AND HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: Vaisman Ya. I. , Korotaev V. N. , Borisov D. L. , Bazyleva Ya. V. , Barannikov V. G.
Published: May 2019

There are considered possibilities of the reduction of the negative impact of the use of secondary fuels from solid municipal waste (SMW) on the sanitary conditions of the life and health through the application of the proposed technology for production of solid fuel of specified quality with the content of acceptable levels of hazardous components that determine the formation of emissions of priority pollutants under the use of the secondary fuel. There are presented results of investigations for the production of a proposed quality of secondary fuels from SMW with the use of the experimental-industrial complex for the optical and mechanical sorting of the waste. There is described the technology of the production of sanitary, toxicological and environmentally safe recycled fuel, based on the use of methods of optical-mechanic waste sorting and devices allowing to reduce in the secondary fuel, the content of chlorine-, mercury-and cadmium-containing components to the normative level and low-calorie roughage substances. There are given recommendations for the reduction of the anthropogenic impact on the population and objects of the environment to an acceptable level under the use of secondary fuels derived from SMW.
INTEGRATED HYGIENIC CRITERION FOR THE PREDICTION OF THE EFFICACY OF POTASH SALTS CONSTRUCTIONS
Authors: Chereshnev V. A. , Kirichenko L. V. , Barannikov V. G. , Maslov Yu. N. , Varankina S. A. , Khokhryakova Vera P. , Safonova D. N. , Dementev S. V.
Published: May 2019

The active use of sylvinite constructions in the treatment and prevention of various nosologies made it necessary to search for an objective criterion to predict and control the intensity of the basic physical indices in these devices. In conditions of salt constructions the body of patients is affected by complex hygiene factors, among which the most significant are the natural air ionization and salt condensation aerosol. There is suggested the integrated test “sylvine content in sylvinite fences”, as just sylvine is the major producer of main curative factors of the internal environment of potash constructions. The amount of the mineral sylvine in Silvinite was counted with the use of a specially designed computer software for the analysis of the digital image of salt surface of constructions, which processes the image as pixel by pixel. Investigations were executed out in two sylvinite rooms, differed in sylvine mineral content in salt surfaces. Hygienic indices of the internal environment were investigated with the use of conventional methods. Levels of factors (radiation background, air ionization, multicomponent fine dry salt aerosol, optimal microclimate), affecting on the body of the patients were within a therapeutically significant range and were significantly higher in sylvinite physiotherapapeutic room where the mineral content in sylvinite sylvite fences was by 2.5 times more in comparison with the salt sylvinite device. The results have confirmed the validity of the selection index “content in sylvinite sylvite fences” as integrated one for the implementation of health control of the future performance of constructions consisted of natural potassium salts as in the design as in the choice of material for the manufacture of salt devices.
RANKING OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW FOR POTENTIAL RADON DANGER
Authors: Okhrimenko Sergey E. , Korenkov I. P. , Miklyaev P. S. , Prokhorov N. I. , Verbova L. F. , Orlov Yu. V. , Petrova T. B. , Lashchyonova T. N. , Akopova N. A. , Kiselev S. M.
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The identification and hygienic assessment of main sources of natural exposure of the population of the city of Moscow. Ranking areas of the territory of the city according to the potential radon hazard. The elaboration of criteria for the radon hazard of the territory. Material and Methods. There are provided data of the radiation control of the territory of the city (g-spectrometry, the determination of the activity of natural radioactive substances, including samples of the soil and in lithological layers, the density of radon flux (DRF) from the soil), surveys of residential and public buildings for different purposes according to the content of the equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of radon (EEVAR). Results. There is presented the analysis of materials concerning the evaluation of results of radiation control (the of 226Ra activity in different types of soils, the levels of the DRF from the soil, the concentration of radon in newly constructed and operated buildings, various premises) in administrative districts of Moscow. There was executed the comparison of the spatial distribution of the fields of DRF and EEVAR values in basements and premises of buildings exceeding 200 Bq/m3. There was performed the analysis of criteria of radon-dangerous of areas. Conclusion. There were substantiated criteria and zones of the aggravated radon danger within the city according to following indices: 226Ra content in soils, DRF on soil surfaces, EEVAR in premises, annual dose of the radiation. Performed long-term studies allowed to rank the territory of Moscow into various zones of the radon danger and allocate most dangerous areas (South-Eastern Administrative District, South Administrative District, South-Western Administrative District). There was obtained a map of the interrelationship of the spatial distribution of anomalous DRFs from the soil surface and elevated EEVA values in premises. Ranging of areas for the radon danger permits to significantly optimize the system of radiation control and measures for radiation protection of the population.
REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE CONTENT OF ZINC IN THE SOIL, PRODUCTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL ORIGIN (FOR THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN)
Authors: Frolova O. A. , Tafeeva Elena A. , Bocharov E. P.
Published: May 2019

The paper presents the data of the regional characteristics of the zinc content in the soil, products of plant and animal origin in the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan. The soil on the territory of the republic is established to be characterized by low values of the gross content of zinc (from 53.6 to 67.7 mg / kg of dry soil) and mobile forms of zinc (from 9.75 to 12.4 mg / kg of dry soil). This demonstrates the deficiency of this important trace element in the soil. The zinc content in animal products from 20 to 89% less than the average for the reference data, in plant products - from 10% to 360%. The study of nutrition found that the share of diets with normal zinc content is in men - 27.5%, in women - 22.5%. The average value of zinc in the blood serum of the population living on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, was 490 ± 40.7 ug / l. This is below the norm. The deviations from the recommended values are observed in all groups, regardless of their level of physical activity. Zinc status of surveyed persons has been below the norm in 80% of cases.
HALOTOLERANCE AEROMONADS ISOLATED FROM WATER AND PERCH (SANDER LUCIOPERCA) IN THE DELTA OF THE VOLGA RIVER
Authors: Obukhova Olga V. , Lartseva L. V.
Published: May 2019

The article presents the results of a study of halotolerance in aeromonads isolated from 447 specimens of perch (Sander lucioperca) and 375 water samples in areas of its habitat in the delta of the Volga River. They were subdominant in the microbial landscape of these biotopes. There were no significant differences inoculation aeromonads found in various parts of the delta. Their halotolerance was studied by means of inoculation of daily pure cultures of meat--peptone broth with 3, 7 and 10% of sodium chloride content and incubation at 37◦C. All the studied microflora of this spieces was established to have significant indices of halotolerance with a predominance in water isolates. Whereby in cases of 3.0 and 7.0% NaCl concentrations were 2.2 times more and in the 10.0% NaCl solution with water and fish strains had similar indices, showing them to be of “marine origin”. Among isolated aeromonads, shattering the water and fish most halophilic strains of A. hydrophila and A. sobria, and halophobic strains were presented by A. caviae. As a rule, water strains had stability indices above in the average of 1.3 times higher than fish ones. Epidemiologically important strains of A. sobria were isolated from water more frequently than from fish, whereas A. hydrophila was isolated as in water as in fish at the same level. Halotolerance of isolated aeromonads in hydroecosystems of the delta of the Volga River had seasonal specificity and dynamics. The gain in halotolerance in aquatic strains of aeromonads in spring and autumn was caused by natural and climatic processes and the elevation in the salinity of delta waters. Enhanced halophilic strains of fish in these seasons is determined by their migration with fish, because in seasons pike migrates from the sea to the river ecosystem.
HEALTH OF THE POPULATION RESIDING IN THE DUNAY SETTLEMENT IN THE AREA OF SUPERVISION OF THE FAR EASTERN CENTER FOR RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Lyaginskya Antonina М. , Shandala N. K. , Petoyan I. M. , Kiselev S. M. , Akhromeev S. V. , Kim O. E.
Published: May 2019

There was studied the health of the population of the Dunay settlement located in the vicinity of the “Far Eastern Center for Radioactive Waste Management” (FEC “DalRAO”) at the areа contaminated with radioactive waste and chemicals originated from the activities of the armed forces of the Pacific Fleet over 1950-1980. The subject of the study were health indices of 6207 members of the population of the Dunay settlement obtained from the reporting statistics data (forms 7,12, 19, 30, and 32) over the period of 2009-2013. The health of the population of the Dunay settlement located in the vicinity of the Far Eastern Center for Radioactive Waste Management “DalRAO” over the period 2009-2013 does not differ from the population-based estimates of the public health in the central region of the Russian Federation. Any health effects of manmade radiation exposure has not been found for the population of the Dunay settlement.
PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT FACTORS IN PHYSICIANS OF POLYCLINICS
Authors: Popov V. V. , Dyakova Yu. A. , Novikova I. A.
Published: May 2019

Introduction. The presence of burnout syndrome in health workers has an impact on the effectiveness of their professional activities. Objective. Identification of actors of burnout in physicians of polyclinic institutions. Materials and methods. The study involved 62 general practitioners from the polyclinic institutions of the city of Arkhangelsk. There were used such methods as “The questionnaire for burnout detection” (K. Maslach); questionnaire “ Attitude to work and professional “burnout” by V.A. Vinokur; test “11 personality factors”; technique “Coping behavior in stressful situations” by T.L. Kryukova; profile A. Meyer for the study of organizational conditions, job satisfaction and professional development; questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics. Results. 72.5% of physicians were established to be characterized by a high level of professional burnout. The most significant contribution to the development of burnout is made by components such as low self-esteem of both overall health and adaptation, emotional exhaustion and professional perfectionism. Socio-demographic factors of burnout in physicians include: age (35 years), the lack of children, work experience in the specialty (average - 10 years), the number of received patients per day (up to 10 and more than 41 patient), the lack of additional work in the hospital; personal factors: the low level of the sensitiveness, moral flexibility, the use of emotionally-focused coping and search for social support; organizational factors: dissatisfaction with the content of professional activity, the presence of frustration at work, dissatisfaction with wages, lack of possibility of training and further professional development, as well as tiring working conditions. Conclusion. For 2/3 of physicians of polyclinic institutions show the high levels of burnout manifested by low self-esteem of both overall health and adaptation, emotional exhaustion and professional perfectionism. The appearance of burnout syndrome among physicians is influenced by socio-demographic, personal and organizational factors.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO THE CHEMICAL FACTOR
Authors: Meshchakova N. M. , Shayakhmetov S. F. , Dyakovich M. Р.
Published: May 2019

There is represented the improved approach to the assessment of the non-cancer occupational risk for health disorders in workers of chemical industries with taking into consideration experienced exposure to hazardous chemicals and occupational risk assessment according to the results of medical examinations and method for the automated risk assessment of main general pathological syndromes. There are reported scientific approaches to the identification of the occupational hazard from the impact of chemical factors, there is presented the algorithm of the proposed method. There are shown results of the approbation of the method and its effectiveness on the example of the workers of chemical production of the Irkutsk region. The use of this method enables to relate changes in health status of workers with the accumulated exposure to harmful chemicals.
PATHOGENIC PROPERTIES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICROORGANISM ASSESSMENT AS ONE OF THE CRITERIA OF BIOSAFETY
Authors: Sheina N. I.
Published: May 2019

In the experiment there were studied pathogenic properties of the 10 genetically-modified E.coli strains and S. cerevisiae in terms of virulence, toxicity and toxigenicity, invasiveness and ability to the dissemination. Most of studied strains were shown to have no pathogenic properties and be able therefore to be recommended for the use in biotechnology. Along with this 2 strain of E.coli DLT1270 2 and E.coli ECR-HIS-T had a highly invasive properties and therefore can be a dangerous for warm-blooded animals and humans.
Valoración de una finca en periodo de transición a un sistema de producción orgánica en Cipreses de Oreamuno, en la provincia de Cartago, Costa Rica.
Authors: Montero Solís Nataly , González Blanco Carlos , Barboza Navarro David , Arroyo Acuña Rodrigo
Published: May 2019

Se procedió a realizar el avalúo de una finca ubicada en Cipreses de Oreamuno, en la provincia de Cartago, Costa Rica, que actualmente se dedica al cultivo de hortalizas y se encuentra en periodo de transición para la producción orgánica. A futuro, se pretende ejecutar un proyecto de inversión en infraestructura, por lo que resulta indispensable conocer el valor actual de la finca y el valor con las mejoras respectivas.

Según la capacidad de uso de la tierra, el terreno se clasifica como IIIe1c1 con una pendiente de 9% y se ubica en una zona de Bosque muy Húmedo Premontano. Para realizar el avalúo del terreno se implementaron distintos métodos utilizados en la tasación, incluidos el econométrico, comparativo y financiero; y se realizó un promedio simple de los tres métodos anteriores que permitió estimar el precio/m2 en ₡6.182, para un valor total del terreno de ₡47.392.188 con un área de 7.675,75 m2.

También, por medio del método de costeo directo y las tipologías de construcción, respectivamente, se estimó el valor de un invernadero establecido en la finca que asciende a ₡9.272.890 y la construcción de tres infraestructuras (una cabaña, un granero y un estanque), que corresponden al proyecto de inversión, generando un aumento de ₡106.657.646 en el valor total de la propiedad, incluyendo mejoras en el servicio eléctrico y en la vía de acceso terrestre.
Ceremonia de apertura del año Académico 2019
Authors: Bello Domínguez Manuel
Published: May 2019

.
Locos ilustres en el Hospital Larco Herrera
Authors: Zanutelli Rosas Manuel
Published: May 2019

.
Autoría, plagio y sistemas para prevenirlo
Authors: Álvarez Carrasco Ricardo Iván
Published: May 2019

.
Greg Winter y la Evolución Dirigida
Authors: Arévalo Zelada Jorge
Published: May 2019

.
Presentación del libro “Derrotando al Cancer” del Dr. Carlos Vallejos Sologuren
Authors: FONDO EDITORIAL F
Published: May 2019

.
DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATIC MATERIALS BASED ON ETOPAPA (ETHNOMATEMATICS IN TOURISM OBJECTS OF PALEMBANG CITY)
Authors: Manullang Febriani Rotua , Indasari Miftha , Yuliana Pranita
Published: May 2019

This study aims to develop ETOPAPA-based mathematics teaching materials for elementary school students. Product trials were conducted using a pretest-posttest experiment group design. Data analysis techniques were carried out with item response analysis and t test. Validation test results on the feasibility of ETOPAPA-based mathematics teaching materials are in the very good category with a score of 4.45. Analysis of the effectiveness of ETOPAPA-based mathematics teaching materials was carried out on the experimental class (E) and control class (K). Based on calculations obtained E>K, with an average N-gain score of 0.64. The score is included in the interpretation of the medium category (0.3≤ g ,7 0.7). Based on these calculations, the application of ETOPAPA-based mathematics teaching materials was declared effective. The results of the practicality test of ETOPAPA-based mathematics teaching materials are in the practical category with a positive response and 85.02% student response. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that, learning flatter material using ETOPAPA based mathematics teaching materials at SDN 128 Palembang is valid, effective, and practical.
An Agent-Based Simulation Model of Knowledge Spillover Under the Influence of High-Speed Railway
Authors: Zhao Yun , Bi Chongren
Published: May 2019

The calculation for the influence of high-speed railway on knowledge spillover is based on the results of global instantaneous equilibrium in the mechanism explanation of knowledge spillover. In real production, the interaction between the high-speed railway and the regional innovation system is dynamic and local. In order to simulate the impact of high-speed railway on innovation activities in the time dimension, it is necessary to simulate scenarios under appropriate parameter assumptions. Based on the interaction of economic participants, a discrete evolutionary simulation model is established, which is helpful to predict and estimate the evolution of spatial effect of high-speed railway according to the theory of cellular automata. It is concluded that high-speed railway accelerates the formation of knowledge innovation industry cluster in the region in the process of regional knowledge innovation and evolution. Under the influence of high-speed railway, the node city will gradually evolve into a regional innovation center. By comparing the production evolution of knowledge innovation system with and without high-speed railway, the results show that high-speed railway has a more significant impact on knowledge spillover in higher knowledge privatization environment. Under the background of low labor migration rate, high-speed railway has increased the potential of regional innovation to external knowledge spillover. In the case of higher labor migration rate, the convergence rate of influence of high-speed railway on the concentration of innovation is faster.
Inventory Policy for a Deteriorating Item with Time-Varying Demand Under Trade Credit and Inflation
Authors: Wang Luqi , Chen Zhijian , Chen Mingyao , Zhang Ruijie
Published: May 2019

It’s often the case that the supplier will provide the retailer with a permissible delay period in payments, during which the supplier charges the retailer no interest and the retailer accumulates interest earned from investment return. As a type of price reduction and an alternative to price discount, trade credit helps the supplier encourage the retailer’s ordering. This paper develops an inventory replenishment model for a deteriorating item with time-varying demand and shortages, taking account of trade credit and time value of money under inflation over a finite time horizon. This model is an extension and development of the existing studies related to the inventory system considering trade credit and time value of money and offers a more general model with more flexibility and resilience to handle the situation where demand of the end market is non-decreasing with regard to time.
The Simulation Optimization of Miners’ Unsafe Behavior Control Method
Authors: Zhang Jiangshi , Hao Hongyu , Li Xue , Zhang Wenyue
Published: May 2019

Making optimal safety investment decisions are important for improving worker’s safety level and reducing accident frequency. To study the complex relationship between safety investment and miners’ behavior-based safety, we proposed the index system of the influential factors on miners’ unsafe behaviors and utilized system dynamics (SD) method to construct the analysis model. Based on the empirical research on a mining company in Hunan, miners’ behavior-based safety level under different investment conditions were simulated, then 12 kinds of schemes’ simulation were obtained. Finally, the optimal scheme was achieved. The scheme is: Safety cost per ton of coal is 3.8 dollars, investment proportion is: Organizational management (0.44), safety climate (0.16), working environment (0.08), technological equipment (0.32). This scheme reached the target value of 90 in the 28th month, which was 9 months shorter than that of the original one. The optimized results show that increasing the behavior-based safety investment and adjusting the proportion appropriately, can improve miners’ behavior-based safety level effectively.
A Modified CES Production Function Model and Its Application in Calculating the Contribution Rate of Energy and Other Influencing Factors to Economic Growth
Authors: Cheng Maolin , Shi Guojun , Han Yun
Published: May 2019

In the analysis of economic growth factors, the constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function model is used to calculate the contribution rates of influencing factors to economic growth. However, the traditional CES production function model fails to consider the staged characteristics of economic growth. Therefore, this study provides a modified model of the CES production function. With regard to its application, a new method for calculating the contribution rates of energy and other influencing factors to economic growth is proposed using a modified CES production function model. This work concludes by calculating the contribution rates of Chinese energy and other influencing factors to economic growth.
Research on the Loss Sharing Contract in Supply Chain Under Asymmetric Information
Authors: Sun Jinling , Zhu Peiyu , Jin Shumo , Wang Hongbin
Published: May 2019

In this study, the coordination contract of internal and external losses of supply chain under asymmetric information is studied. Firstly, the profit functions of supplier and manufacturer are established respectively. Secondly, the contract under unilateral and bilateral moral hazard is designed. Finally, a numerical example is given to analyze the coordination contract. It is proved that the overall coordination of supply chain can be achieved through loss sharing contract, and the quality level and overall profit can be improved.
Gloriosa superba and Colchicum autumnale multi-tissue transcriptome analysis for colchicine pathway and rhizome development candidate gene identification
Authors: Bass John Samuel , Gang David R. , Kutchan Toni M. , Sivakumar Ganapathy
Published: May 2019

Background

The continued emergence of side-effects caused by synthetic drugs underscores the need for plant-based drugs in human medicine. Medicinal rhizomatous crops are a “goldmine for modern drugs”, and include such species as Gloriosa superba L. and Colchicum autumnale L., the producers of colchicine, a plant-based medicine. The natural isomer of bioactive colchicine is used to effectively treat major diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and gout. The medicinal properties of colchicine are well characterized, however, almost nothing is known about its biosynthesis. The paucity of information on the colchicine biosynthetic pathway is a significant barrier to biomanufacturing of this biomedicine. A comparative transcriptome study of G. superba and C. autumnale serves as a sequence resource to aid with identification of this biomedicine pathway and rhizome development genes for synthetic biotechnology toolbox, which will enable improved colchicine biomanufacturing.

Result

Transcriptomes of two colchicine synthesizing monocots G. superba and C. autumnale were interrogated to identify putative cDNAs encoding enzymes and transcription factors involved in the colchicine biosynthetic pathway and rhizome development. Mining of the transcriptomes using Blast2GO led to the identification from G. superba and C. autumnale, respectively, of 20 and 29 candidate colchicine biosynthetic genes N-methyltransferases, 3-O-methyltransferases, cytochrome P450s, a class that could catalyze several steps in the pathway, and N-acetyltransferases. Similarly, 19 and 15 candidate rhizome developmental genes, which belongs to several classes including GIGANTEA, CONSTANS, Phytochrome B, Sucrose Synthase), Flowering Locus T, and REVOLUTA. Likewise, about 16 and 12 transcription factors involved in regulating rhizome development and secondary metabolic pathways in rhizomes such as MADS-box, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, MYB, NAC, and WRKY were also found in G. superba and C. autumnale, respectively.

Conclusion

The predicted genes in G. superba and C. autumnale encode colchicine pathway enzymes that provide fundamental information for plant-based biomedicine engineering in biorhizomes and microorganisms, a potentially important area of synthetic biotechnology. Additionally, increasing our understanding of rhizome functional genomics will lead to improved colchicine biomanufacturing, and generate important knowledge that can be applied to many other medicinal plant species, allowing for the engineered production of additional biomedicines in medicinal rhizomes.
Women’s experience of unplanned out-of-hospital birth in paramedic care
Authors: Flanagan Belinda , Lord Bill , Reed Rachel , Crimmins Gail
Published: May 2019

Background
Healthcare literature describes predisposing factors, clinical risk, maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes of unplanned out-of-hospital birth; however, there is little quality research available that explores the experiences of mothers who birth prior to arrival at hospital.
Methods
This study utilised a narrative inquiry methodology to explore the experiences of women who birth in paramedic care.
Results
The inquiry was underscored by twenty-two narrative interviews of women who birthed in paramedic care in Queensland, Australia between 2011-2016. This data identified factors that contributed to the planned hospital birth occurring in the out-of-hospital setting. Women in this study began their story by discussing previous birth experience and their knowledge, expectations and personal beliefs concerning the birth process. Specific to the actual birth event, women reported feeling empowered, confident and exhilarated. However, some participants also identified concerns with paramedics practice; lack of privacy, poor interpersonal skills, and a lack of consent for certain procedures.
Conclusions
This study identified several factors and a subset of factors that contributed to their experiences of the planned hospital birth occurring in the out-of-hospital setting. Women described opportunities for improvement in the care provided by paramedics, specifically some deficiencies in technical and interpersonal skills.
The organization of Helicobacter pylori cag-pathogenicity island (cagPAI) genes in multiracial population with histopathological changes of gastric mucosa
Authors: Hanafiah Alfizah , Razak Shaza Azlin , Neoh Hui-min , Zin Noraziah Mohamad , Lopes Bruno S.
Published: May 2019

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacillus that colonises only the mucus layer of the human stomach and is implicated in gastric diseases. Virulent H. pylori harbouring cag-pathogenicity island (cagPAI) which encodes genes for type IV secretion system (T4SS) and CagA protein is one of the major virulence determinants involved in disease development. We examined the entire cagPAI genes in 95 H. pylori isolates from a multiracial population and examined the intactness of cagPAI region with histopathological scores of the gastric mucosa.
Results: 95.8% of H. pylori isolates were cagPAI-positive with 23.2% having an intact cagPAI, whereas 72.6% had a partial/rearranged cagPAI. In our study, cag2 and cag4 were found to be significantly higher in H. pylori isolated from Malays, whereas cag4 was predominant in Chinese isolates. We also detected cag24 in significantly high proportion in isolates from the Malays and the Indians compared to the Chinese isolates. The intactness of cagPAI region showed an association with histopathological scores of the gastric mucosa. Significant association was observed between H. pylori harbouring partial cagPAI and higher density of H. pylori and neutrophil activity, whereas strains which lacked cagPAI was associated with higher inflammatory score.
Conclusions: The screening of the entire cagPAI genes provides an accurate overview of the cagPAI organisation in H. pylori isolates in a multiracial population. The genotypes of H. pylori strains with various cagPAI rearrangement associated with patients’ ethnicities and histopathological scores might contribute to the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection in a multi-ethnic population.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals storage carbohydrates related genes in kelp Saccharina japonica
Authors: Zhang Linan , Cao Zengmei , Liang Guangjin , Li Xiaojie , Wu Hao
Published: May 2019

Background

Saccharina japonica is a brown macroalga commercially cultivated in China for almost a century. As a natural raw material, it has been widely used to extract carbohydrates, e.g. alginate and mannitol, for food, pharmaceutical, and potentially for biofuel production. However, the molecular mechanisms of biosynthesis and regulation of these compounds in this species are not comprehensive and less well understood.

Results

In this study, we performed whole transcriptome and differential transcript expression analyses of S. japonica sporophyte of distinct developmental stages. Combined with the phenotype of blade and the content of alginate and mannitol, the sporophyte could be divided into four developmental stages. Accordingly, 589 million clean reads were generated, and 98,497 novel transcripts and 4,514 novel genes were identified by transcriptome analysis. Gene expression analysis revealed that 2,542 genes were differentially expressed. KEGG analysis indicated that these genes were significantly enriched in “Carbon metabolism”, “Photosynthesis”, and “Photosynthesis-antenna proteins” pathways, which were important for carbohydrates metabolism during sporophyte development. Through a systematic analysis, the genes encoding enzymes for biosynthesis of cell wall carbohydrates (including alginate, fucoidan and cellulose) and cytoplasm storage carbohydrates (mannitol, laminarin and trehalose) were identified, representing good candidates for further functional studies.

Conclusion

The work presented is the first transcriptome analysis of sporophytes development and provides a dynamic view of carbohydrate metabolism process and an important resource for functional genomics studies in S. japonica. The results obtained lay the basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of carbohydrate biosynthesis and for genetic breeding of carbohydrates-related traits in kelp.
Genome Wide Association Studies for Four Physiological Traits in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Minicore Collection
Authors: Shaibu Abdulwahab Saliu , Sneller Clay , Motagi Babu N. , Chepkoech Jackline , Chepngetich Mercy , Miko Zainab L. , Isa Adamu M. , Ajeigbe Hakeem A. , Mohammed Sanusi G.
Published: May 2019

Background

In order to integrate genomics in breeding and development of drought tolerant groundnut genotypes, identification of genomic regions/genetic markers for drought surrogate traits is essential. We used SNP markers for a genetic analysis of the ICRISAT groundnut minicore collection for genome wide marker-trait association for some physiological traits and to determine the magnitude of linkage disequilibrium (LD) present in the genetic resources.

Results

The LD analysis showed that about 36% of loci pairs were in significant LD (P < 0.05 and r2 > 0.2) and 3.14% of the pairs were in complete LD. There was rapid decline in LD with distance and the LD was <0.2 at a distance of 41635 bp. The marker trait association (MTAs) studies revealed 20 significant MTAs (p <0.001) with 11 markers for leaf area index (4), canopy temperature (13), chlorophyll content (1) and NDVI (2). The markers explained 2 to 21% of the phenotypic variation observed. Most of the MTAs identified on the A subgenome were also identified on the respective homeologous chromosome on the B subgenome. The duplications of effect observed could be due to common ancestor of the A and B genome which explains the linkage detected between markers lying on different chromosomes seen in the current study.

Conclusions

The present study identified a total of 20 highly significant marker trait associations with 11 markers for four physiological traits of importance in groundnut; LAI, CT, SCMR and NDVI. The markers identified in this study can serve as useful genomic resources to initiate marker-assisted selection and trait introgression of groundnut for drought tolerance. The identified markers in this study may be useful for marker assisted selection after further validation.
Epidote spherulites and radial euhedral epidote aggregates in a greenschist facies metavolcanic breccia hosting an UHP eclogite in Dabieshan (China): Implication for dynamic metamorphism
Authors: Chen An-Ping , Yang Jian-Jun , Zhong Da-Lai , SHI Yong-Hong , Liu Jing-Bo
Published: May 2019

Epidote spherulites are identified in a greenschist facies metavolcanic breccia enclosing a body of coesite-bearing eclogite at Ganghe in the Dabie ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt, east-central China. The epidote spherulites are formed by fibrous, radially arranged, and rare earth element (REE)-rich epidote crystals (ΣREE = 0.13–0.36 (or slightly higher) cations per formula unit, cpfu) and interfibrillar REE-poor epidote (ΣREE ≤ 0.10 cpfu). Some of the epidote spherulites are overgrown by radially arranged euhedral epidote crystals, which also form aggregates around preexisting quartz, plagioclase, and/or epidote. The epidote grains in such aggregates display oscillatory zoning, with REE content varying from a negligible amount to about 0.44 cpfu. Epidote also occurs as REE-poor individual euhedral crystals about the radial epidote aggregates or form loose clusters of randomly oriented crystals. Thermodynamic modeling of the mineral assemblages in the plagioclase pseudomorphs and in the matrix shows that they formed at greenschist facies metamorphic conditions (435–515 °C and 5–7 kbar). The epidote spherulites and radial euhedral epidote aggregates, however, do not belong to these assemblages and are non-equilibrium textures. They imply crystal growth under large degrees of supersaturation, with relatively low ratios of the diffusion rate (D) to the crystal growth rate (G). At low D/G ratios, spiky interfaces are favorable for diffusion-controlled growth and the resultant texture is a collection of spikes around a growth center, forming a spherulite. The change of epidote texture from spherulite to radial euhedral crystal aggregate implies a decrease of supersaturation and an increase of D/G, such that the crystal morphology was controlled by its crystallographic structure. The crystallization of the individual epidote grains corresponds to a further drop of supersaturation and a further increase of the D/G ratio, approaching to the equilibrium conditions. Transiently higher P-T conditions are inferred from the spherulite-forming reactions, relative to the P-T estimates for the equilibrium assemblages. The fibrous crystals in the spherulites having relatively large interfacial energies would inevitably adjust their shapes to equilibrium ones with low interfacial energies if the P-T-H2O conditions were maintained for a sufficiently long period of time. The non-equilibrium epidote aggregates likely formed in response to P-T and fluid pulses, possibly related to seismicity.
Didactic potential of using systems for visualization of algorithms in the process of teaching programming
Authors: Moglan V. D.
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the didactic potential on the use of the visualizer of algorithms as software, which graphically demonstrates the work of algorithms for processing input data. There are described the difficulties arising during the study of the fundamentals of algorithmization and programming. The author proposed to use the algorithm visualizer, as an auxiliary visual means of teaching algorithmization, for more successful mastering the mechanism of the algorithms at lectures. The article discusses the functional requirements for the visualizer of algorithms, describes its main elements and guidelines for the use of visualizers of algorithms in the educational process. In order to increase the effectiveness of the educational process, it is proposed to use the visualizer of algorithms for teaching algorithms and programming for students of the “Applied Informatics” direction as future specialists in the information technologies.

The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of the development of algorithmic thinking among students of the specialty “Computer Science”, due to the support and active use of the algorithm visualizer as an additional visual tool for learning when studying the course “Fundamentals of Programming”.

Materials and research methods include the analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the subject under study, the analysis of the problem of developing algorithmic thinking by students, the practical implementation of the learning process of the basics of algorithmization and programming using the developed algorithms visualizer, the analysis of students’ survey results.

Results. The research conducted by the author allowed the creation of an instrumental environment an algorithm visualizer that supports the formation of problem solving skills, enhancing the effectiveness of the learning process in the fundamentals of algorithmization and programming and the development of algorithmic thinking. Have been implemented visualizers, that allowing online demonstration of the work of algorithms for processing static data structures (arrays), which contributes to the comprehension and consolidation of theoretical material. Visualizers are introduced into the educational process at Balti State University A. Russo and are used in studying the course “Fundamentals of Programming”.

Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusions about the expediency of the visual description of the algorithm, proposes methods for using the algorithms visualizer in the educational process, and highlights positive factors that affect the understanding the mechanism of algorithm execution when organizing training using visualizers.