bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of COVID-19 and perception of work satisfaction among healthcare workers at Patan Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Acharya Samita , Maharjan Kripa , Dongol Deveshree , Ghimire Anupam
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) awareness of disease outbreak, and working efficiently in a changed environment is vital to fight pandemic. How an institution responds to the crisis depends on HCWs response. This study aims to find out awareness of COVID-19 and work satisfaction of HCWs at Patan Hospital (PH), Nepal.
Method: A cross-sectional questionnaires base descriptive study was conducted at PH, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal, in April 2020. The HCWs were grouped in to technical staff, doctors, and support staff. There were 20 questions each in the awareness of COVID-19 and work satisfaction domain. Ethical approval was obtained.
Result: Of all the staff, 223 various level staffs responded to the questionnaire. There were 80 (35.9%) technical staff, 77 (34.5%) doctors and 66 (29.6%) support staff in the study. In the technical staff group 1106 (69.2%) responses were in favour of having good awareness and 1337 (83.5%) responses were in favour of satisfaction. In the doctors’ group 1233 (80.1%) responses were in favour of having good awareness and 1000 (65%) responses were in favour of satisfaction. In the support staff group 236 (17.7%) responses were in favour of having good awareness and 347 (26.2%) responses were in favour of satisfaction.
Conclusion: Our study showed that technical staff and doctors had higher levels of perception of work satisfaction and awareness for COVID-19.
Effectiveness of lockdown as COVID-19 intervention: official and computed cases in Nepal
Authors: Bhandary Shital
Published: May 2020

Introduction: COVID-19 was first reported on 31 December 2019 from China. It was first confirmed in Nepal on 23 January 2020. Government enforced first wave of nationwide ‘lockdown’ for one week on 24 March 2020 and fourth from 16 April for 12 days. This paper aims to compute effectiveness of lockdown on COVID-19 cases in Nepal.

Method: Doubling times were calculated using official COVID-19 records first, and then, the number of COVID-19 cases based on various doubling time scenarios staring 23 January 2020 were computed and compared with the official cases of Nepal. All the calculations were done in Microsoft Excel.

Result: Doubling time was 60-day between first and second case, 5-day between 2nd and 5th, 15-day between 5th and 12th and again 5-day between 12th to 30th cases. Doubling time increased to 15-day after the lockdown. Estimated doubling time was 28 days till March, 21 days till 12 April and 18 days till 17 April 2020 and it is expected to reach 15 days on 24 April 2020.

Conclusion: The reported COVID-19 cases doubling time was 5, 15 and 5 days in Nepal after the lockdown. The doubling time increased due to lockdown.
Infection prevention and control, pillar for safety of healthcare worker: COVID-19 experience, Patan Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Rajbhandari Piyush , Dongol Deveshree
Published: May 2020

Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs play an integral part in the safety of patients, visitors, health care workers and environment as these programs provide guidelines and standard for recognition, prevention and control of infection. With COVID-19 pandemic, Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal, is amongst the few hospitals in Nepal to have undertaken the responsibility of managing COVID patients. The COVID response plan has been activated and is currently the best prepared institution to manage this pandemic.
Life during COVID-19 outbreak: perspective of foreign medical students in Shanghai, China
Authors: Shah Jenifei , Shah Jesifei , Girmay Rewina Kebede , Nasir Javaria
Published: May 2020

This is the experience of medical students during COVID-19 in Shanghai; following the outbreak of corona virus and lockdown of Wuhan, China, on 23 January 2020, one day before the Chinese new year eve.1,2 Since then, the virus has been declared a global pandemic, and life around the world has come to an abrupt halt. On the other hand, things in Wuhan and China have started picking up, following lifting of the 76-Day long lockdown on 7 April.3 The recovery in China, Korea, and Singapore shows promise and hope for the rest of the world, to persevere and weather out the storm. Daily cases in China is in single digit now, and most are imported cases.4 Shanghai reported one imported case of COVID-19, zero locally transmitted case on Thursday 23 April, with a total of 339 locally transmitted confirmed cases, including seven deaths till date, and 1,618 imported cases in mainland China.5,6 No deaths have been reported from the imported cases.6
Awareness, attitude and practice on contraception among the clients attending abortion service at a zonal hospital
Authors: Saud Mithu
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Contraceptive methods are important components to reduce unwanted pregnancy, abortion, maternal and child morbidity mortality. This study aim to identify awareness, attitude and practice on contraception among women attending abortion services at Seti Zonal Hospital, Nepal.

Method: Cross-sectional enumeration sampling techniques from Safe abortion Unit of Seti Zonal Hospital, Nepal, from August to September 2018 was taken for structured face to face interview using questionnaire to find out awareness, attitude and practice on contraception among women. Ethical approval was obtained. The SPSS version 16 was used to analyze data.

Result: Out of total 94 women, 59 (73.8%) had adequate awareness, 78 (83%) had positive attitude for use of contraception, 44 (46.8%) had inadequate practice of contraception and 19 (20.2%) had adequate practice. There was a significant association between types of family and level of awareness (P<0.001). There was no correlation between awareness, attitude and practice.

Conclusion: Two thirds of women attending abortion clinic were aware of and had positive attitude in regard to contraception, but less than half practiced it.
Implementasi Asas Keterbukaan pada Pengadaan Tanah bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum: Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan
Authors: Prasetyo Priyo Katon , Christine Rosye Villanova , Sudibyanung Sudibyanung
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Based on Law Number 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest, the Openness Principle is one of the ten principles as the basis of the implementation of development. This principle is significant because its complex role can lead to conflicts and disputes. In this paper, discussions are divided into two parts: 1) how the implementation is expected to be applied according to the acquisition procedure in theory; and 2) the reality that occurs in the field. The first discussion was conducted by reviewing the applicable regulations and the methods or concepts of development of the openness principle. Meanwhile, the second discussion about the reality on the field was conducted by elaborating case studies regarding problems in land acquisition. The results of this study indicate that there are gaps in the implementation of the openness principle between theory and reality in regards of land scarcity, economic inequality, and information asymmetry among the involved parties. In conclusion, the implementation of the openness principle is significant with the role of information in land acquisition.Intisari: Berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan Untuk Kepentingan Umum, Asas Keterbukaan adalah salah satu dari sepuluh asas yang menjadi dasar pelaksanaannya. Asas ini menjadi signifikan karena perannya yang kompleks dapat menimbulkan konflik dan sengketa. Artikel ini akan membagi pembahasan menjadi dua bagian: pertama, bagaimana implementasi yang seharusnya diterapkan pada prosedur pengadaan secara harapan, dan kedua, membahas mengenai realita yang terjadi di lapangan. Secara harapan pembahasan dilakukan dengan melakukan library research atau studi terhadap peraturan yang berlaku dan metode-metode atau prinsip perkembangan dari asas keterbukaan. Realitas di lapangan akan dielaborasi dari studi kasus mengenai permasalahan dalam pengadaan tanah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan ada gap dalam implementasi asas keterbukaan antara harapan dan realitas di lapangan yang bersumber dari kelangkaan sumber daya/tanah, ketimpangan ekonomi dan asimetri informasi di antara para pihak yang terlibat. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi asas keterbukaan signifikan dengan peran informasi dalam pengadaan tanah.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk Pemetaan Kadaster
Authors: Junarto Rohmat , Djurjani Djurjani
Published: May 2020

Abstract: Geospatial data (on horizontal and vertical positions) play an important role in decision making.Regarding that, the issue of funds, diversity of areas, human resources, and non-updated data become great obstacles. This study aims to examine the technological capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or Unmanned Aircraft in acquiring and updating geospatial data, evaluating and inspecting changes in the conversion of agricultural land and the environment, as well as describing orthophoto extraction opportunities in digital services based on multipurpose cadastre. This research used a model combination method (concurrent triangulation). Several alternative requirements were derived to design methods of mapping, processing and controlling the quality of application to the concept of Fit For Purpose Land Administration (FFP-LA), and layering with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The final product of this system is effective to produce and update land base map, evaluate and inspect changes in the conversion of land functions as well as facilitate digital services. The availability of open source software efficiently extracts and combines terrestrial and photogrammetric mapping products in real time and has the opportunity to realize multipurpose cadastre. The involvement of local human resources is applied to ensure legal certainty in the land registration system as well as to improve and strengthen the management of agrarian resourcesAbstract: Geospatial data (on horizontal and vertical positions) play an important role in decision making.Regarding that, the issue of funds, diversity of areas, human resources, and non-updated data become great obstacles. This study aims to examine the technological capabilities of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or Unmanned Aircraft in acquiring and updating geospatial data, evaluating and inspecting changes in the conversion of agricultural land and the environment, as well as describing orthophoto extraction opportunities in digital services based on multipurpose cadastre. This research used a model combination method (concurrent triangulation). Several alternative requirements were derived to design methods of mapping, processing and controlling the quality of application to the concept of Fit For Purpose Land Administration (FFP-LA), and layering with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The final product of this system is effective to produce and update land base map, evaluate and inspect changes in the conversion of land functions as well as facilitate digital services. The availability of open source software efficiently extracts and combines terrestrial and photogrammetric mapping products in real time and has the opportunity to realize multipurpose cadastre. The involvement of local human resources is applied to ensure legal certainty in the land registration system as well as to improve and strengthen the management of agrarian resources
Study of the effectiveness of using decamethoxin-based antiseptic compositions for treating endotracheal tubes in order to prevent the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care patients
Authors: Trofimenko Y. Y. , Zhorniak O. I. , Fomina N. S. , Burkot V. M. , Kulik A. V. , Zhorniak P. V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The use of artificial lung ventilation in patients of intensive care unit often leads to airway contamination of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia. The clinical manifestations of ventilator-associated pneumonia can vary widely from mild to development of critical conditions accompanied by septic shock. This significantly worsens the patient's condition and prognosis for effective treatment. The paper presents the results of the study of the use of adhesive antiseptic compositions based on the domestic antiseptic drug decamethoxin in order to give antimicrobial properties to intubation tubes. An antibacterial adhesive was applied to the surface of segments of the endotracheal intubation tube, after which the samples were dried in a sterile box. The sensitivity of the microorganisms to the components of the antiseptic compositions was studied by the diameter of the growth retardation zone around the studied fragments of endotracheal intubation tubes placed in the thickness of the pre-seeded microorganism’s dense nutrient medium. The results were statistically analyzed using standard application package for biomedical research “STATISTICA 5.5”. It has been proved that adhesive film-forming compositions based on decamethoxin confer pronounced antimicrobial properties to endotracheal intubation tubes. The most susceptible to antimicrobial activity were gram-positive microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus, and the most resistant were representatives of gram-negative bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter. The obtained research results allow us to predict the effectiveness of the use of adhesive hydrophilic and hydrophobic antiseptic compositions based on the domestic antiseptic decamethoxin to provide protective properties of the surface of endotracheal tubes, prevent the process of bacterial film formation and prevention of ventilator-associated patients.
Analytic prognostication of sensitivity to fluoroquinolones in S. aureus, as pathogens of infectious complications in burn patients
Authors: Nahaichuk V. I. , Nazarchuk O. A. , Babina Yu. M. , Osadchuk N. I. , Bobyr V. V. , Dmytriiev D. V. , Palii D. V. , Makats Ye. F. , Chornopyshchuk R. M.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. In the research, the new data of S. aureus clinical strains’ sensitivity to fluoroquinolones is presented. The aim of the research was to carry out analytic prognosis of sensitivity to fluoroquinolones in clinical strains of S. aureus, isolated from patients with burns. Our research was carried out in 2011–2018. From patients there were isolated 204 clinical strains of S. aureus. There was studied the sensitivity of S. aureus clinical strains to such fluoroquinolones as ofloxacinum, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin. The sensitivity was carried out by means of standard qualitative disc-diffusion method on dense medium and quantitative serial dilution one. The analytical dependence of dynamic prognostic changing criteria of S. aureus clinical strains’ sensitivity to fluoroquinolones was found by means of mathematical prognostication. Prognostic mathematical models were conducted. Authenticity of every model and substantiation of the prognosis of antibiotic sensitivity of S. aureus were estimated due to determination criteria (r2). “STATISTICA 10.0”; “Matlab 7.11” programs were used. In the result of the statistical analysis of the data, obtained in research, we found decreasing sensitivity of S. aureus to ofloxacinum and levofloxacin. The sensitivity to ofloxacinum in S. aureus strains was found to be reduced the 94,12% in 2012 years to 56,2% in 2020 years.). The resulting mathematical model showed a prognostic decrease in the sensitivity of hospital strains of S. aureus to levofloxacin. A mathematical prognostic model indicated a likely improvement in staphylococcus sensitivity to gatifloxacin in 2020 (94.1%). Obtained formulas of analytical prognosis of sensitivity of S. aureus, colonizing burn surfaces in patients, proved the decreasing effectiveness of fluoroquinolones in prophylaxis and treatment of infectious complications, caused by this opportunistic pathogen. That is why microbiological research at the beginning of management administration of antimicrobials in these patients is of great importance.
Characteristics of microflora involved in the development of purulent paraproctitis and its sensitivity to ozone
Authors: Osadchy A.V. , Kolodiy S.A. , Kordon Y.V. , Kovalenko I.M. , Divinsky D.M.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Despite significant advances in surgery to overcome purulent complications, the development of acute paraproctitis remains an extremely pressing problem, accounting for up to 4% of surgical pathology. This article is devoted to the study of the microbial spectrum of pathogens that contribute to the development of acute paraproctitis and Fournier gangrene, as the extreme degree of exposure of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the external genitalia and perianal area in men. To study the microbial spectrum of pathogens of this pathology used the rules of intake, transportation of the studied material according to the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 234 on the organization of prevention of nosocomial infections in obstetric hospitals. The identification of isolated cultures was performed considering morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Biochemical typing was performed using PLIVA diagnostic test systems – Lachema a. s. Brno, Czech Republic (NEFERMtest 24, STAPHYtest 16, ENTEROtest 24). To evaluate the effectiveness of the decontamination effect of ozonized sodium chloride solution, a quantitative suspension test was introduced with the introduction of a suspension of microorganisms isolated from the test material, followed by seeding on dense nutrient media to calculate the number of viable cells to reduce the exposure to the specified ex ante. The purpose of the study was to study the disinfecting effect of ozonated sodium chloride solution to improve the effectiveness of treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis. The results of the study indicate that the use of ozonated sodium chloride solution has significant advantages over the use of 0.02% solution of furacilin and decasan in the treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis and significantly reduces the risk of complications and accelerates the recovery of patients. The results of the research prove that the ozonated solution of sodium chloride in two dilutions (1:1), in contrast to other antiseptics, retains bactericidal action against the whole spectrum of bacteria that are most often involved in the development of acute paraproctitis. Thus, we consider it appropriate to include this solution in the scheme of complex treatment of patients with acute paraproctitis.
Study of antimicrobial activity of Ruta graveolens L. garden root extracts against clinical strains of microorganisms
Authors: Pavliuk N.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The rapid growth rate of resistance of microorganisms to most antibacterial drugs forces scientists from different countries to search for new therapeutic agents that will have antimicrobial activity, as well as to which resistance of microorganisms will be slower. Promising in this situation are complexes of biologically active substances (BAS) of plant origin, which have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics. Particularly noteworthy is the garden root (GR), which has a rich chemical composition and has a wide range of properties, including the presence of antimicrobial activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity spectrum of water-ethanol extracts of garden root relative to clinical strains of microorganisms with different sensitivity to antibiotics. The method of serial dilutions in the broth investigated the direct antimicrobial activity of 5 water-ethanol extracts and tincture of herb garden Ruta graveolens L. against 53 strains of microorganisms. Gene5 and Microsoft Office Excel 2011 were used for statistical processing of the results. Among the microorganisms were the most sensitive epidermal staphylococci, growth inhibition of 57.9% and 47.4% of the strains, which were observed at a dilution of 1:40 PC extracts of 50% and 70%, respectively. 90% of the GR extract showed its activity at a dilution of 1:20 relative to 57.9% of S. epidermidis strains. Moderate antifungal activity of MS extracts against yeast fungi of the genus Candida was also established. It is most expressed in 70% of the extract of MS, which at a dilution of 1:40 inhibited the growth of 66.7% of the strains. The active components of the garden root extracts being investigated, which showed a moderate antimicrobial and antifungal action, can be used to create new therapeutic agents for their treatment of skin infections.
Research of antimicrobial efficacy of a composition with prolonged antiseptic effect against planktonic and film forms of clinical strains of non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Nazarchuk O. A. , Nahaichuk V. I. , Rymsha O. V. , Palii V. H. , Vovk I. M. , Bobyr N. A. , Prokopchuk Z. M. , Stukan O. K.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The problem of treatment of burn wounds is closely related to the specificity of the spectrum of microorganisms that impair wound healing in this category of patients. A generally alarming trend in recent years is the significant increase in the etiological structure of wound infection, both in frequency and in severity and in the difficult choice of treatment tactics in the isolation of poly antimicrobial resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii. The aim of our study was to create a model of biofilm formed by bacteria on the wound surface and to investigate, in a comparative study, the sensitivity of planktonic and film forms of non-enzymatic gram-negative bacteria to a composition based on decamethoxin with prolonged antiseptic action. To determine the effect of the antiseptic composition on planktonic and film forms of bacteria there was used the method of two consecutive dilutions. The results of a comparative study of the activity of the antiseptic composition with decamethoxin planktonic and biofilm forms of strains of NFGB indicated that in the bacterial film bacteria were more resistant to drugs than in planktonic form. Film forms of A. baumannii and B. cepacia have a sensitivity to decamethoxin at a concentration of 13.6±1.95 µg/ml and 15.6±0 µg/ml, respectively. P. aeruginosa film forms have a higher degree of resistance to the test composition with decamethoxin (MBc 137.5±30.6 μg/ml). Disinfection of the planktonic form of NFGB is 10 times faster than the film form, the destruction of which is achieved with prolonged exposure of 120–150 minutes.
Investigation of the sensitivity of pathogens of purulent-inflammatory processes of the mediastinum to modern antiseptics
Authors: Shaprynskyi V.O. , Rymsha O.V. , Mitiuk B.O. , Vovk I.M. , Nazarchuk S.A. , Khodakivskyi M.A. , Ivanova M.O.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. A well-chosen tactic for the prevention and treatment of infectious complications in patients with purulent-inflammatory processes of the mediastinum is important in reducing the colonization of the biotope by pathogens, contributes to the reduction of inflammation and accelerates recovery. The aim of our work was to conduct a comparative study of the antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptic drugs (decasan, myramistinum, chlorhexidine, povidone iodine and polyhexamethylene guanidine) on 278 clinical strains of microorganisms (S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp.), which cause purulent-inflammatory complications of the mediastinum in patients. For the comparative characterization of the antimicrobial action, the method of double dilutions was used; calculated antiseptic activity index (AAI); a quantitative suspension test was performed to evaluate the decontamination effect of antiseptics. Standard methods of descriptive statistics and special and office programs “STATISTICA 6.0”, “Microsoft Excel 2010” were used. Staphylococci showed the highest level of sensitivity to most of the antiseptics under study. The mean MBSC values of S. aureus clinical strains for decasan, myramistinum, chlorhexidine was respectively 1.75±1.27 µg/ml, 3.25±2.27 µg/ml, and 5.53±3.74 µg/ml. The AAI of myramistinum and chlorhexidine before the Pseudomonas was 4.5, which is the threshold for clinical activity. The clinical activity of a solution of povidone iodine against infections caused by P. aeruginosa is doubtful, based on the activity level of 2.6. The studied antiseptics provided a full decontamination effect against most strains at 5 min exposure, the decontamination effect lasted for 15 min, followed by 30 min. There were found single microorganisms, the number of which gradually increased and after 1 hour reached 1.9×104 and 1.5×102 CFU/ml, respectively. The high sensitivity of gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens to decasan and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride substantiates their high antimicrobial effectiveness and opens wide prospects for their use in the prevention and treatment of infectious complications in modern conditions.
Screening research of 90% aqueous ethanolic plant extracts antimicrobial activity against Propionobacterium acnes — an etiological factor of acne occurrence
Authors: Rusko G.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Prolonged antibacterial therapy of acne, mainly by antibiotics of MLS-group (macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin B), has a number of side effects, the main of which is the emergence of resistant strains. Considering the risks and side effects of traditional etiotropic acne therapy, the use of herbal medicines may be an alternative of this disease treatment. The purpose of this study was to perform a screening study of 90% aqueous-ethanolic medicinal plant extracts antimicrobial activity against P acnes test strains. Antimicrobial activity of 242 aqueous-ethanolic extracts of 183 medicinal and aromatic plants of various organs against two P. acnes strains: sensitive and MLS resistant by HB (Heart Brain) agar diffusion method was studied. Statistical processing of results has been caried by UTHSCSA ImageTool 2.0, Microsoft Office Excel 2011. Eupatorium cannabinum L. and Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dun. aerial parts, Populus nigra L. fruits and needles, Helichrysum arenarium L., Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. herbs, Calendula officinalis L. flowers, Geranium pratense L. rhizomes and Larix decidua Mill. needles exhibited strong antimicrobial activity (diameter of growth inhibition≥ 15 mm) against test strains. Representatives with antimicrobial properties against acne agents have been found among medicinal plants of Ukraine's flora. The detection of pronounced antimicrobial properties in various pharmacopoeial and non-pharmacopoeial plants necessitates the need for phytochemical study of the raw material to isolate and identify its active components.
Prospects for the use of silver nanoparticles for the creation of composite dental materials with antimicrobial properties
Authors: Pereshyvailo O. , Holubnycha V. , Korniienko V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. Due to the uncontrolled use of antibiotics, the issue of antibiotic resistance has become vitally important. Search the alternative antimicrobials preparation is urgent question. Despite significant achievements in dentistry, the quality of root canals endodontic treatment remains relevant issue. Enterococcus faecalis is one of the ESKAPE group pathogen as well as one of the most common causative agents of intracanal caries. Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) have shown high efficacy against several polyresistant strains. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the possibility of AgNPs using to create composite dental materials with antimicrobial activity. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using the software package for statistical data processing Graph Pud Prism 8 with the definition of the Student's criterion. The antibacterial effect of Ag NPs was evaluated against the clinical strain of E. faecalis by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (serial dilution method) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (direct inoculation of the microorganism from liquid onto solid media). The influence of AgNPs on the multiplication of the bacterial population and on the processes of biofilm formation were investigated. The MIC and MBC were 2.5 µg / ml. Time-kill curve of E. faecalis strain indicates the need for prolonged contact of microorganisms with the nanosilver preparation and reflect a gradual decrease in the number of bacteria in the sample. AgNPs inhibit the formation of biofilms in the early stages and effectively affect 3-days biofilms. The action of the silver nanoparticles at the initiation stage reduced the total volume of the unformed biofilm by 2 times at concentrations of 10 and 20 MICs. The inhibitory effect of silver on the formed 3-day biofilm was dose-dependent and increased with increasing concentration. The obtained results show AgNPs inhibit the growth and reproduction of planktonic and film forms of E. faecalis and can be used to create dental composite with antimicrobial activity.
Interdisciplinary integration of microbiology and psychiatry in diagnostics of progressive paralysis
Authors: Mruh V.M. , Mruh O.F. , Rymsha O.V. , Stukan O.K. , Shchepina N.V.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The article argues the importance of interdisciplinary integration of theoretical and clinical disciplines in the preparation of a doctor. The purpose of the work is to ensure the formation of an integrated system of knowledge, skills and practical skills necessary to justify the diagnosis of neurosyphilis of syphilis, methods of laboratory diagnostics and etiological therapy of progressive paralysis, which are laid down when studying a course of Microbiology and are fixed when mastering the educational discipline of Psychiatry and Narcology. Over the past 30 years, an increase in the incidence of syphilis has been observed throughout the world, and the number of cases of neurosyphilis and late forms of the disease has been increasing. This can be attributed to the late visits of patients to the doctor, the widespread uncontrolled unqualified treatment and the frequent association of syphilis and HIV infection. The main clinical signs of progressive paralysis are cognitive impairment, impaired regulation of voluntary activity, emotional and behavioral disorders, pseudo-neurotic symptoms, uncriticality, pathognomonic and nonspecific neurological disorders. For diagnosis, neuropsychological scales are used as screening techniques. As a rule, the diagnosis is confirmed by positive standard serological reactions: the Wassermann complement binding reaction, the pale treponema immobilization reaction, and the immune fluorescence reaction. For the diagnosis of late and latent forms of syphilis, the result of which is the development of progressive paralysis, Wassermann reaction with cerebrospinal fluid is also used. From modern studies, enzyme immunoassay and the molecular genetic method, the Lange reaction are used. Of great importance are laboratory indicators of the presence of inflammatory phenomena and neuroimaging methods. Thus, reliable diagnosis of progressive paralysis using the clinical anamnestic method, neuropsychological scales, laboratory methods of research and assessment of neurological status will help to solve the main task of the doctor — to help the patient by prescribing reasonable etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy.
Peculiarities of addictive realization and psychosocial stress in the representatives of the working personnel of the merchant and passenger-carrying fleets
Authors: Markova M.V. , Kosenko K.A. , Gaponov K.D.
Published: May 2020

Annotation. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of addictive realization and psychosocial stress in the representatives of the working personnel of the merchant and passenger-carrying fleets, in order to determine the need to create systemic measures for the given contingent to protect their mental health. In compliance with the principles of bioethics and deontology, 120 workers of the Ukrainian fleet were surveyed in 2016–2019: 90 sailors, motormen and other workers of the merchant fleet and 30 workers of the passenger-carrying fleet. All surveyed were male, citizens of Ukraine. The study included the use of clinical, psychopathological and psychodiagnostic methods. Statistical-mathematical analysis included the formation of descriptive statistics and analysis of discrepancies using nonparametric methods. The results of the study have established that the share of workers of the merchant fleet and workers of the passenger-carrying fleet has an increased severity of addictive realization, the average indicators of which are within the “harmful consumption” of chemical origin (alcohol, tobacco, coffee/tea) and non-chemical origin (the Internet, computer and gambling, watching TV, sports, eating, shopping). The general tendency inherent in the workers of the merchant and passenger-carrying fleets is an increase in the severity of addictive seizure of objects of both chemical and non-chemical origin, with an increase in the level of psychosocial stress experienced by the examined people from “safe consumption” in people with low levels of stress to “dangerous consumption” or “addiction” in people with severe stress. Workers are characterized by a greater severity of addictive realization of all addictive objects, compared to merchant fleet workers, both on average in the sample and in each stress load range. Thus, the level of psychosocial stress can be considered as a trigger and a marker of the severity of addictive realization in the workers of the merchant and passenger-carrying fleets. The identified patterns should be considered when developing specific measures of psychotherapy and psychoprophylaxis for this contingent, which is the perspective of this study.
Morbidity indicators and dissemination and modern attitudes on disease prevention
Authors: Chorna V.V. , Khliestova S.S. , Gumeniuk N.I. , Makhniuk V.M. , Sydorchuk T.M.
Published: May 2020

Annonanion. The purpose of the work is to determine and analyze the incidence and prevalence of diseases in the population of Ukraine in comparison with the EU countries, to analyze the determinants of health and to develop prevention measures for this problem. The materials of the study were statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for 1995–2018, Forms №18 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine “Report on the control of environmental factors affecting public health” for 2008–2016. The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic, analytical and statistical research methods. It is established that for the period from 1995 to 2017, the incidence rates of the population of Ukraine decreased by 18.2% and prevalence by 12.0%. The first place is occupied by diseases of the circulatory system — 52.1% and 50.2%; second place — respiratory diseases, this figure is constant and is 8.1%; third place belongs to diseases of the digestive system — 9.4% and 10.1%, respectively, in 2010 and 2017. The epidemic of tuberculosis in Ukraine was recognized by the WHO from 1995 to 2005 (21.5/39.5 thousand 1995/2005 diagnosis established for the first time). The growth rate was +32.9% (1995/2005), then it gradually decreased and in 2018 the growth rate was 28.5% (1995/2018). According to statistics, annually 170 thousand people are diagnosed with cancer, up to 90 thousand patients die from this disease, 35-37% of whom are people of working age. Thus, in Ukraine, diseases of the circulatory system, malignant neoplasms, injuries and poisonings are in the lead in the structure of causes of death; in the structure of morbidity — respiratory diseases, circulatory diseases; cause concern about HIV and tuberculosis, as well as the prevalence of mental disorders of organic origin and bad habits. We consider it necessary to take measures to improve the state of health care in the framework of the issues raised by modernization and staffing of health care facilities in Ukraine with modern equipment with improved material and technical base and increased funding; introduction of a single electronic system for the exchange of medical information; timely and regular preventive examinations of the population; the use of various forms of educating the population on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the absence of television advertising that carries harmful information.
The Correlation between Toll Road Development and the Improvement of Local Economy (Case Study: The Soroja Toll Road)
Authors: Rahayu Lisna , Kipuw Desiree Marlyn ,   School of Architecture, Planning and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
Published: May 2020

Most studies assume that road development will improve the economy in the region, as reflected by an increase in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, GDP is macro in nature and tends to be biased if we ask who benefits from its increase. To identify whether road development has a positive correlation with the improvement of local economy, hence this study was conducted in a micro context by taking the development of the Soroja Toll Road in Indonesia as a case study. With a length of 10.57 km, connecting Bandung Regency and Bandung City, the newly constructed Soroja Toll Road has a strategic function in supporting activities in the Bandung Metropolitan Area (BMA) and is predicted giving implication on increasing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) profit surrounding its corridor. However, a toll road cannot entirely be seen as a public goods, because not all people have access to this type of infrastructure. Only the users of four-wheeled vehicles and those who can afford to pay the toll charge can access the toll road. This study was aimed at identifying the correlation between the developments of the Soroja Toll Road with the improvement of local economy (SMEs) in its surrounding areas. Based on the analysis result, this study indicates that the presence of the Soroja Toll Road had a bigger positive correlation with the increased profit of medium-sized industries than small-sized industries due to their ability to capture a broader market.
The outcome of Daclatasvir and low dose Sofosbuvir therapy in end-stage renal disease patients with hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Mostafi M. , Jabin M. , Chowdhury Z. , Khondoker M.U. , Ali S.M. , Tamanna R. , Rezwan R. , Alomgir S.B.
Published: May 2020

Rapid progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is seen in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection compared with uninfected patients. Despite the high efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAVs), their cost represents a limiting factor to their use in developing countries.

Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low dose Sofosbuvir along with Daclatasvir in the management of HCV infection in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.

Methods. A total of 82 HCV positive patients on ESRD were included in this study. The patients were observed for six months without antiviral drugs. Patients who remained seropositive were divided into two groups. The first group included 26 (37%) patients who were treated with half-dose Sofosbuvir 200 mg and Daclatasvir 60 mg and the second group consisted of 44 (63%) patients who have been treated with full-dose Sofosbuvir 400 mg and Velpatasvir 100 mg irrespective of HCV infection genotype for 12 weeks also.

Results. 12 (14%) patients became seronegative spontaneously. All patients (100%) of both groups achieved sustained virological response with undetectable HCV RNA in 12 weeks of the treatment. There were nonsignificant gastrointestinal side effects in the full dose Sofosbuvir group. All patients tolerated the DAAs well. No patient discontinued antiviral therapy due to side effects

Conclusion. In this study, the spontaneous seroconversion of HCV was 14%. Low-dose Sofosbuvir along with Daclatasvir was safe and as effective as full-dose Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir in the treatment of HCV in ESRD patients. Low-dose Sofosbuvir regimen can be recommended for HCV infection treatment in ESRD patients.
Prevalenceof abdominal aortic aneurysm among stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease patients aged 55 years and older
Authors: Karaarslan Cengiz O. , Nergizoglu G.
Published: May 2020

The risk of cardiovascular disease begins to increase from the early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abdominal aortic aneurysms are the most common arterial aneurysms of peripheral arterial diseases. The frequency of abdominal aortic aneurysm varies according to the population studied. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients with stage 3-4  CKD and investigate  CKD is a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm formation.

Methods. Patients aged 55 years and older who were followed up in the internal medicine outpatient clinics were enrolled. Two hundred CKD patients with glomerular filtration rates between 15-59 mL/min per 1.73 m2 were included in the study group, and 110 patients with glomerular filtration rates of 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or above were assigned to the control group. An ultrasonography device with a 3.5 MHz probe was used for screening. Abdominal aortic diameters of 3 cm and above were accepted as abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Results. Eighteen patients in the study group (9%) and four in the control group (3.6%) had an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms was higher in the  CKD  group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.078). Moreover, the median aortic diameter was 21.8 mm (14-44 mm) in the study group, compared to 21.0 mm (14-46 mm) in the control group. The prevalence of the abdominal aortic aneurysm was 14.9% in stage 4  CKD patients and 6% in stage 3  CKD patients (p=0.038).

Conclusion. An abdominal aortic aneurysm is more common in patients with  CKD although it does not reach statistical significance. The median aortic diameter was significantly wider in CKD patients compared to the control group . The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm increased with an increase in the CKD stage .
Renal artery stenosis: the challenging in diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Dewi Ivana P. , Dewi Kristin P. , Mardiana N.
Published: May 2020

Hypertension is still the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. Renovascular hypertension is one type of secondary hypertension. It is commonly caused by the presence of renal artery stenosis (RAS). Whereas, atherosclerosis (ARAS) and fibromuscular disease (FMD) are the most common causes of RAS. Early diagnosis is necessary because it has the potential to be cured by eliminating stenosis of the renal artery. However, the signs and symptoms of renovascular hypertension are not specific. The supporting examination to diagnose RAS is also expensive. So, screening in the population at risk is needed. The examinations to prove the presence of RAS are arteriography, captopril renogram, renal ultrasonography, renal Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and computed angiographic tomography (CTA).

Until now, three therapeutic modalities can be selected in the management of renovascular hypertension; pharmacological therapy, surgical intervention, percutaneous intervention angioplasty with and without stenting. This narrative review summarizes the literature focused on the diagnosis and therapy of RAS.
Spatializing Radical Political Imaginaries
Authors: Soudias Dimitris
Published: May 2020

This article seeks to make sense of why participants in square occupations point to the transformative character of their experience. Drawing from narrative research on the 2011 occupation of Syntagma Square in Athens, I argue that the transformative quality of the occupation lies in the spatialized emergence and practice of radical political imaginaries in these encampments, which signify a demarcation from and an alternative to the neoliberalizing of everyday life in Greece. By scrutinizing the spatial demarcation between the “upper” and “lower” parts of the Syntagma Square occupation, one can think more carefully about the conditions of possibility for the emergence of the radical imagination.
An Analysis of the Competency Reading and Thinking Skills in Grade VIII English Textbook
Authors: Baig Sana , Siddiquah Aishah , Javed Fareeha
Published: May 2020

This research aimed at analysing the Grade VIII English textbook of Punjab Textbook Board against one of the five competencies, the Reading and Thinking skills and identifying the satisfaction level of Grade 8 students with their textbook for the fulfilment of this competency. The main parameters of the content analysis were Competency (C), Standards (S), Benchmarks (B) and SLOs. The data was collected through content analysis (of the textbook) and survey questionnaire. The student satisfaction level was measured with the help of an instrument comprising 10 statements on a 5-point Likert scale. The questionnaire respondents were 1440 students of Grade VIII studying in public schools of Lahore. The results of content analysis and student survey showed that the textbook partly meets the requirements related to the selected competency. It is therefore recommended that the English textbook of grade VIII should be updated in congruence with the SLOs of the selected competency.
Impact of Teacher Effectiveness and Student Attitude on Students Academic Achievement in Science Subjects in the Secondary Schools of Dera Ismail Khan (Pakistan)
Authors: Ahmad Zameer , Saleem Zafar , Rehman Khalid
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted to find the influence of teachers effectiveness and students attitude on students academic achievement in science subjects at secondary school of district Dera-IsmailKhan. An important aim of the study was to explore the impact of teachers effectiveness and students academic performance on the subject of science. A multi-stage and stratified random sampling technique was used for data collection. The survey questionnaire was used. A standardized questionnaire was used and this questionnaire was also validated. A normality test was applied to normalize all variables. Reliability was checked through Cronbach Alpha and it was found in the range given by (Pallant, 2010). The data-was-collected-from teacher at the secondary school level. The hypothetical influence was tested using simple regression. The teachers effectiveness was found significantly on students academic achievement as β=0.727 p<0.05. Similarly, the influence of students attitude found significantly positive on students academic achievement as β=0.616 p<0.05.
Teachers Humanistic Role Regarding Students Guidance
Authors: Ullah Azmat , Atta Malik Amer , Ayaz Muhammad
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted to explore and compare perceptions of Subject Specialist Teachers about their role as a humanistic student guide. Subject specialists were taken from 28 male and 13 female higher secondary schools situated in Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. As per the data analysis, it was concluded that most of the teachers did not possess proper awareness f a humanistic approach for the guidance of the student. Student guidance was almost absent due to lack of skills, resources, time specification for the purpose of the school administration and expertise. It was noticed that the situation in female higher secondary schools was almost the same as it was noted in the male schools as no significant difference of perception was found among male and female teachers. There was a need for proper training, and provision of resources for an appropriate guidance of the students.