bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Drug Discovery through Iterative Screening and Advanced Computational Analysis of Notch3 R90C Mutations
Authors: Lu Lyndia
Published: December 2024

Being the leading cause of death and disability in China, stroke encompasses a number of risk factors, one of them being genetic mutations. Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most prevalent genetically induced stroke. This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing iterative screening rounds to identify potential drug candidates that effectively target the Notch3 R90C mutant protein associated with CADASIL. Through multiple rounds of molecular docking using AutoDock Vina and structural predictions by AlphaFold, we systematically narrowed down a large set of small molecules from the DrugBank database to identify those with the highest binding affinities. The research highlights the effectiveness of leveraging structural data and hierarchical clustering in refining the selection process, ultimately enhancing the precision in identifying promising therapeutic agents.
How can statistical models improve the accuracy of phylogenetic tree reconstruction?
Authors: Shi Huiyang
Published: December 2024

When building the phylogenetic tree, current methods for calculating phylogenetic trees often lack the desired level of accuracy. This research paper explores the role of statistical models in enhancing the precision of phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The phylogenetic tree plays an important role in phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary biology. An accurate phylogenetic tree underpins our understanding of the major transitions in evolution, such as the emergence of new body plans or metabolism. Recent advancements in statistical modeling have more elaborate improvements than traditional methods. For example, Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood estimation provide frameworks for evaluating phylogenetic relationships by incorporating probability distributions and likelihood functions. These models account for the inherent uncertainties and variations in genetic data, leading to more accurate tree constructions. Moreover, using statistical models allows for the incorporation of complex evolutionary processes such as variable rates of evolution across lineages, horizontal gene transfer, and hybridization events. Techniques like Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and bootstrap methods enhance the reliability of the inferred phylogenies by providing measures of confidence for the estimated relationships. Using these advanced statistical approaches, researchers can gain more accurate and reliable phylogenetic trees. Through a comprehensive review of current methodologies and case studies, this study aims to highlight statistical models' significant impact on evolutionary biology and the broader field of phylogenetics analysis and evolutionary biology.
Genetic Engineering Pharmaceutical Technology: A Brief Review
Authors: Li Yibo
Published: December 2024

Genetic engineering has emerged as a transformative technology in the pharmaceutical industry, offering unprecedented control over the manipulation of genetic material. This technology enables the precise editing, combining, and expression of target genes in various organisms, leading to the production of specific proteins, enzymes, and biologics essential for therapeutic applications. This review provides an overview of the basic principles and strategies of gene therapy, the development of genetic engineering pharmaceuticals, and their applications in producing physiologically active substances, antibodies, and vaccines. The review also highlights the significant advancements in the field, and explores the future potential of genetic engineering in advancing medical science and improving human health.
PINK1 and MTF2 Modulators Synergize Cell Transplantation Therapy in Parkinsons Disease
Authors: Gao Yichen
Published: December 2024

Parkinsons Disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, has the key pathological feature of selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DANs). Current cell therapy based remedy of PD centered on DAN transplantation, whether stem cell derived, or from fetal tissues, yet the possible dysfunction underlying in the microenvironment and non-neuronal mechanisms may impede this solution. The unresolved question is if microenvironment impairments and other non-cell-autonomous signaling may affect the healthy, transplanted DANs, triggering survival rate reduction. We hypothesized that non-neuronal mechanisms do exist thus specific drugs should be incorporated along with DANs during transplantation. Here we performed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis using Seurat and AI based package Monocle3 to confirm the existence of non-cell-autonomous signaling and revealed PINK1 and MTF2 as the main culprits through the comparison of initial differentiation dataset and long term transplantation dataset of transplanted DANs. Targeting PINK1, we identified the drug MTK458 and validated its effectiveness through AI based drug screening and molecular docking. Together, these findings supported MTK458 to be an effective co-transplant material designated for alleviating the abnormality in non-neuronal mechanisms or microenvironment.
F56F11.4 Extends Healthspan by Regulation of TOR-Related Pathway in C. elegans
Authors: Wang Keyu
Published: December 2024

Aging has emerged as a significant issue in human society, warranting intensified research efforts. Despite this, there is a noticeable dearth of research on genetic factors that could potentially extend lifespan. The genetic role of TOR/let-363 and its interactome was delved into in the model organism C. elegans. Utilizing RNA interference (RNAi), the impact of predicted interactors within the TOR pathway were explored on aging, with a particular emphasis on healthspan. This was achieved through comprehensive lifespan and pumping rate assays. Of the 20 genes examined, only the knockdown of F56F11.4 resulted in a reduction in both lifespan and early-stage pumping rate. To elucidate the interplay between F56F11.4 and TOR/let-363, double knockdown and RT-qPCR assays were employed to reveal their intricate regulatory roles in the aging process. Additionally, the conserved nature of F56F11.4 and let-363 across five well-studied organisms (C. elegans, H. sapiens, M. musculus, R. norvegicus, and D. melanogaster) was identified using bioinformatics analyses. The discovery of the influence of F56F11.4 on healthspan through the modulation of TOR/let-363 signaling suggests a promising target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing healthy aging.
The overview of promising nonpharmacological treatments to improve the cognitive performance of schizophrenia patients
Authors: Xiao Ruijia
Published: December 2024

Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder that could bring severe cognitive and neurological dysfunctions to patients. Current widely used treatments, such as second-generation antipsychotics, are only effective in addressing the positive symptoms of the disorder, rather than the negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions experienced by patients. Moreover, these medications lack personalized treatment, as they do not cater to the individual needs of each patient. Given these limitations, there is a pressing need to explore more innovative, nonpharmacological treatments that specifically target the improvement of negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia patients. This paper, through literature review and case analysis, will delve into the various aspects of schizophrenia, including its symptoms, pathology, etiology, and diagnosis. Additionally, it will provide a comparative analysis of traditional and innovative treatment approaches, highlighting the potential benefits of exploring alternative, non-pharmacological interventions that may better address the multifaceted nature of this complex disorder.
Meniscus Tears: Risk Factors, Physical Examination, and Preventive Approaches
Authors: Li Ruipeng
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Meniscus injuries are among the most frequent knee issues, affecting individuals across a wide age range and often resulting from acute trauma or age-related degeneration. The meniscus, essential for knee stability, shock absorption, and joint lubrication, is particularly vulnerable to injury in sports involving twisting and pivoting motions. This review discusses the anatomy of the meniscus, various types of tearssuch as radial, horizontal, complex, and bucket-handle tearsand the primary risk factors, including sports activities and occupational stress. Diagnostic tools like the McMurray and Apley compression tests, along with MRI, are crucial in assessing the severity of the injury. Effective prevention strategies include strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings, flexibility routines, proper movement techniques, and the use of protective gear like knee braces. Early detection and consistent preventive measures are critical in preserving knee function, minimizing the risk of re-injury, and preventing long-term complications such as osteoarthritis.
Hydrophobicity in Guiding Biological Interactions and Related Applications
Authors: Ye Jiayao
Published: December 2024

Hydrophobicity is a universal phenomenon in nature with profound effects on the structure and function of biological macromolecules, which holds great promise for biomedical applications. Therefore, this paper reviews recent research advances in hydrophobicity in guiding biological interactions and their applications, pointing out that the folding and aggregation of biomolecules, such as proteins and lipids, in water is greatly influenced by hydrophobicity, and that the repulsive force of hydrophobic groups leads to the formation of stable spatial structures of biomolecules, maintaining their biological activity. Furthermore, modulation of hydrophobicity has been widely used to enhance the ability of the materials to disrupt cell membranes, and to improve antimicrobial properties while taking biocompatibility into account. The optimization of the hydrophobic group structure has led to significant advances in the development of antimicrobial polymers for medical implant applications. These advances have been achieved through the implementation of efficient and safe material design strategies. In addition, the equilibrium between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is critical in gene delivery. A moderate augmentation of hydrophobicity can help improve delivery efficiency and cellular uptake. It has been shown that adjusting the hydrophobicity of the nanoparticle surface can significantly influence the activity of immune cells, thus providing a new pathway for immune modulation. As such, the paper also investigates the potential applications of hydrophobicity in biomaterials design and proposes future directions, which includes standardized analytical approaches, and multidimensional experimental design. These approaches are intended to facilitate the advancement and utilization of functional materials based on hydrophobicity in biomedical fields.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Binge Eating Disorder and Metabolic Disorders in Adults
Authors: Zhao Yining
Published: December 2024

The incidence of binge eating disorder (BED) has dramatically increased in recent years, leading to increased rates of psychiatric and medical comorbidities such as obesity and diabetes. Metabolic disorders are a series of metabolic dysfunctions, represented by central obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia. This literature review aims to explore the relationship between BED and metabolic disorders in adults, helping to raise early awareness of these issues. PubMed was used as the exclusive database for its comprehensive and authoritative medical content. The review includes 13 peer-reviewed articles from the past decade, excluding studies on animals and children due to significant differences in BED characteristics across age groups and species. The focus remains on adult populations, as studies on gender or age effects showed no significant impact. Overall, BED has a strong relationship with metabolic disorders; people with BED will have higher risks for visceral obesity and Type 2 diabetes, whereas the limitations of research, such as further research on the complexity of BED, should be improved, and some people have opposite opinions, indicating a need for further in-depth investigation.
Metformin: exploring its potential as an anticancer drug
Authors: Liang Ziyue
Published: December 2024

Metformin is a commonly used hypoglycemic agent that has received much attention in recent years for its potential in cancer therapy. This paper reviews and concludes the anti-cancer mechanisms of metformin and its clinical applications in different cancer types. It was found that metformin indirectly inhibits cancer cell growth by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR pathway and decreasing insulin and IGF-1 levels. In addition, metformin directly inhibits cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. Clinical data suggest that metformin significantly improves survival and reduces cancer recurrence in patients with gastric, renal, endometrial and esophageal cancers. However, despite the preliminary evidence provided by existing studies, discrepancies remain between the results of different studies, and further large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to validate its anticancer effects and optimize application strategies. Future studies should focus on clarifying the specific mechanism of action of metformin and its potential application prospect in individualized therapy.
The efficacy of physical therapy in managing early meniscus lesions in hip-hop dancers
Authors: Yu Yue
Published: December 2024

Hip-hop dance has emerged as a popular and increasingly competitive form of artistic expression. As practitioners strive for professionalism, the demands of intensive training and competition have led to a rise in injury rates, with knee injuries, particularly meniscus lesions, being prevalent. This review critically examines the efficacy of physical therapy in treating early meniscus lesions among hip-hop dancers, comparing it with various surgical approaches from both clinical and socioeconomic perspectives. By synthesizing data from recent clinical studies, this review aims to provide comprehensive insights into the management of early meniscus injuries. The analysis reveals that physical therapy demonstrates comparable clinical outcomes to surgical interventions, often with more favorable cost-effectiveness. This finding has significant implications for dancers' quality of life and career longevity. The review also highlights current research gaps, emphasizing the need for targeted studies on hip-hop dancers across different age groups and proficiency levels. It calls for the development of tailored exercise protocols and underscores the importance of patient education in injury prevention. By addressing these aspects, this review seeks to contribute to the advancement of injury management strategies in the hip-hop dance community, potentially extending dancers' active participation and enhancing their overall well-being.
The role of dematerialization in promoting sustainable development
Authors: Fang Ranshi
Published: December 2024

In light of the escalating global environmental issues, including climate change, biodiversity decline, and diverse pollutant types, researchers have introduced the notion of dematerialization. This idea primarily emphasizes minimizing material use and optimizing resource utilization to mitigate environmental impacts. This paper, through a literature review and case studies, will discuss the fundamental concept of dematerialization, its relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and its role in different aspects of modern society. The paper will also examine how various innovations and policies reflect dematerialization and how this process contributes to achieving the SDGs. Research and studies indicate that dematerialization is an essential trajectory for humanity. Numerous rich nations and certain emerging ones are actively promoting this process. However, significant benefits may not be visible in the short term, and further technological and political supports are needed globally to ensure its development and effectiveness.
Green Transformation and Enterprise OFDI
Authors: Li Jianing
Published: December 2024

Clarifying the impact effect and mechanism of green transformation on enterprises' OFDI helps to promote the upgrading of national industrial structure, the high-quality development of the regional economy, and the improvement of enterprises' market economic power, and plays a positive role in China's active integration into the world economy and the promotion of the road of reform and opening up. Based on the data of listed enterprises in the Cathay Pacific CSMAR database from 2005 to 2022 and the data on green transformation of each prefecture-level city, we constructed a fixed-effects regression analysis model to explore the impact effect of green transformation on enterprises' outward foreign direct investment. It is found that (1) green transformation has a significant promotion effect on enterprises' OFDI. (2) The conclusion still holds after conducting robustness tests. (3) Green transition promotes OFDI through green market development, green technological innovation, and alleviation of financing constraints. (4) Government green subsidies and openness to the outside world positively regulate the promotion effect of green transition on OFDI. (5) Green transformation has a stronger role in promoting OFDI from eastern and state-owned enterprises. This paper provides a micro-basis for promoting OFDI by relying on the policy background of green transition, which is an important revelation for improving the quality of green economy and realizing a high level of open economy.
The Application of VR in the Film Industry
Authors: Lyu Buyi , Niu Yihong , Yang Yuhang
Published: December 2024

The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) technology into the film industry has ushered in a new era of immersive and interactive storytelling that fundamentally alters the way narratives are constructed and experienced. This paper explores the transformative impact of VR on narrative structures, multisensory experiences, and the myriad challenges filmmakers face in creating engaging and coherent VR films. By enabling dynamic environmental changes and personalized narrative paths, VR films significantly enhance user engagement and foster a deeper emotional connection between the audience and the story. The paper also delves into the potential of multisensory experiences to enrich learning, therapy, and training, highlighting the promise and pitfalls of current VR technology. We conclude by emphasizing the potential of VR to revolutionize cinema, suggesting that as the technology matures, it will lead to a fundamental shift in how we interact with and experience films.
Uncertainty-Aware High-Fidelity Anatomical MRI Synthesis using Deep Convolutional Network with Monte Carlo Dropout
Authors: Xu Zichen
Published: December 2024

Multi-modality high-resolution MRI is beneficial for studying the brain structure and function in research and clinical settings. However, its acquisition is time-consuming, which reduces its feasibility for wider adoption especially for certain populations who cannot tolerate long scans. In this study, we propose a convolution neural network to obtain high-resolution T1-weighted MRI from lower-resolution T2-weighted input that can be acquired within a shorter scan time. By leveraging Monte Carlo dropout, our model not only produces high-fidelity anatomical T1-weighted image with higher accuracy compared to baseline model, but also generates uncertainty estimation similar to the actual error map. Our method is validated on the Human Connectome Project, and the experiments indicate our method has the potential to improve the robustness and reliability of deep learning image synthesis and accurately accelerate multi-modality MRI to benefit research and clinical practice.
Innovation and Efficiency of Brick MSME Products to Realize the One Village One Product
Authors: Zahara Vadilla Mutia , Suci Stannia Cahaya
Published: December 2024

Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, especially in Sigedong Village, have a significant role in economic development and job creation. To improve innovation and efficiency of MSMEs, the One Village One Product (OVOP) program is implemented, with a focus on brick production. The innovations implemented involve the use of wood powder as an alternative raw material, which is expected to improve product quality, efficiency, and sustainability. The implementation method includes counseling, mentoring, and collaboration with wood producers. The results of these innovations show that the bricks produced are of better quality, higher efficiency, and more environmentally friendly, as well as supporting sustainable production practices. Follow-up recommendations include the adoption of innovative methods, collaboration with academia and government, and periodic monitoring to ensure the success of innovation.
De diepte bereiken: Toekomstgericht begeleiden van jongvolwassenen in de langdurige zorg
Authors: Noordegraaf Martine , Van den Berg - Van Haaften Gerda , Hordijk Arie , Kroeze Willemieke
Published: December 2024

In dit artikel staat de vraag centraal hoe jongvolwassenen die begeleid wonen hun leven ervaren en wat zij vinden van de ondersteuning die ze hierbij krijgen. Naast het perspectief van de jongvolwassenen is ook het perspectief van naasten onderzocht en zijn dossiers bestudeerd. In de resultaten worden vier thema’s besproken die uit het onderzoek naar voren zijn gekomen: (1) Jongvolwassenen ervaren de meeste problemen op het terrein van mentale gezondheid. (2) Jongvolwassenen hebben behoefte aan sociale contacten, maar hebben moeite om de juiste (hoeveelheid) vrienden te vinden. (3) Jongvolwassenen worden vooral op een praktische manier voorbereid op de toekomst en stellen aandacht voor hun lichamelijke gezondheid uit. (4) In de ondersteuning zou meer aandacht moeten zijn voor toekomstvragen van jongvolwassenen die niet alleen praktisch, maar ook existentieel en maatschappelijk van aard zijn.
The prevalence and solutions to burnout amongst surgical trainees
Authors: Nasim A , Srinivasmurthy D , Searle H , Yu Y-Y
Published: December 2024

Background: Burnout is a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of personal accomplishment and loss of sense of self. Healthcare workers in the UK are known to suffer high psychological distress and burnout. Increasing attrition rates among surgical trainees have also been noted, particularly among female trainees. However, there are limited data on the factors contributing to burnout potentially leading to trainee attrition. Interventions to combat burnout and improve trainee well-being are still in their infancy. This review reports burnout prevalence and methods implemented to reduce burnout and improve surgical trainee well-being.

Objective: To report the prevalence and factors contributing to burnout and suggest evidence-based methods that reduce burnout and improve well-being within this cohort.

Methods: A literature search was conducted across five databases, identifying papers on burnout prevalence among surgical trainees and reported gender. Papers outlining interventions to reduce burnout were also included. Papers were screened against our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality was assessed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and data were extracted and presented in this review.

Results: Following screening, 22 of 456 identified papers were included in the review; 11 papers were examined for burnout prevalence and the remaining 11 papers focused on interventions. Trainees reporting discrimination, abuse or harassment at least once a month were significantly more likely to experience burnout regardless of gender. Conflicting results were found on burnout prevalence and training level. Interventions identified included mindfulness courses, mentorship programmes, Enhanced Stress Resilience Training (ESRT) and Self-Compassion for Healthcare Communities (SCHC) training. Dedicated faculty and wellness opportunities produced lower burnout rates (p=0.02). Two months of mindfulness training via the Headspace application also reduced burnout scores (p=0.01). ESRT reduced overall burnout by 38.9%. Similarly, increased self-compassion significantly predicted burnout reduction (p=0.018). No significant improvement was identified in residents at unionised programmes.

Conclusions: While there was no significant difference in burnout between genders, female and junior trainees are more at risk of exposure to negative behaviours in the workplace. This can directly contribute to higher levels of burnout. Interventions like mentorship and mindfulness and resilience training may reduce burnout and improve surgical trainee well-being. However, more needs to be done to educate faculty and raise awareness amongst surgical peers.
Provision of Services for People with Vascular Disease 2024
Authors:   Vascular Society, Brooks Marcus , McDonnell Ciaran , Baroni Marco , Orr Douglas , Garnham Andrew , Chetter Ian , Pherwani Arun , Bown Matt ,   British Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in limb Abscence Rehabilitation,   British Society of Interventional Radiology,   Rouleaux Club,   Society of Vascular Nurses,   The College and Society for Clinical Vascular Science
Published: December 2024

Provision of vascular services
The allied Vascular Societies of Great Britain and Ireland promote world class care for people with vascular disease.
Provision of Vascular Services (POVS) defines the vision, sets standards and recommends improvements
The principles set out in POVS 2021 have not changed in 2024:
• Care should be patient centred and integrated into local healthcare systems.
• Most treatments are ‘time critical’.
• Achieving best outcomes requires a MDT approach with specialists and sufficiently high annual case volumes.
• Vascular specialists regularly assist colleagues in other specialities.
Effectiveness of the combined application of disinfectants and fertilizers against soybean diseases
Authors: Hrytsiuk N.V. , Tymoshchuk T.M. , Bakalova A.V. , Ivaschenko I.V.
Published: December 2024

To establish the most common soybean diseases, to determine their species composition conditions of Western Polissia. To develop ecologically safe elements of the technology for protecting soybean crops from diseases when using a mixture of chemical preparations with a probiotic fertilizer. Methods. Laboratory (carrying out a phytophatological examination of soybean seeds to establish the colonization of the culture by pathogenic and saprophytic mycoflora); field (for monitoring the phytosanitary condition of soybean crops). Results. As a result of the phytosanitary inspection the soybean sowing, the most common diseases were fusarium root rot, ascochitosis and bacteriosis. During the phytoexpertise, it was established that soybean seeds in the control variant were colonized by fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. – 4,7 %, Alternaria spp., and Mucor mucedo – 15,4 %. When treated with Maxim XL 035 FS, t.k.s 1 l/t, the seed infection was not detected. The cumulative population of microorganisms, when using organic fertilizer-probiotic Lianum, r., 2 l/t, decreased by 7.1%, and in combination with Maxim XL 035 FS, t. k.s., 1 l/t – by 15,2 %, with Sferiko, TN, 0.8 l/t – by 10,7 % compared to the control variant. In the conditions of a natural infectious background in the phase of ВВСН 70–79 the development of fusarium root rot was 13,2 %, ascochitosis – 14,3 %, bacteriosis – 22 %. Under the simultaneous use of Maxim XL 035 FS, t.k.s 0,8 l/t+ Lianum, p., 2 l/t, the soybean plants were without visible symptoms of ascochitosis, and the evelopment of root rot decreased by 11,3 % compared to the control variant, the technical efficiency was 100% and 83.1 %, and when using Sfepico TH, 0.8 l/t Lianum, p., 2 l/t, the technical efficiency against root rot was 65.2%, against ascochitosis 100%. Conclusions. Seed treatment is a necessary and strategically important method of soybean protection against Fusarium root rot and ascochitosis. Treating seeds with mixtures of preparations Maxim XL 035 FS, t.k.s 0,8 l/t+ Lianum, p., 2 l/t,and Sfepico, TH, 0.8 l/t Lianum, p., 2 l/t allows to obtain additional yield increase at the level of 0.86 t/ha and 0.66 t/ha. In addition, the composition of the preparations significantly reduces the population of the pathogens fusarium spp. by 3.8 and 3.3 % compared to a control variant and show high technical efficiency, both in laboratory and field conditions.
The Effectiveness of Use of the Android-Based Sipak Batu Game on Music Intelligence in Children Early 5-6 Years Old
Authors: Yeni Indra , Anggraini Vivi , Novela Tia , Priyanto Adi
Published: December 2024

Musical intelligence is a person's ability to remember a series of notes and rhythms and express them through musical activities. Children with this intelligence tend to enjoy listening to songs, enjoy the songs, and can even sing/play the songs with the right notes. This research aims to see how effective the Sipak Batu game is on the intelligence of early childhood. This research was conducted in the city of Padang, West Sumatra. Test the effectiveness of the traditional method of playing the Sipak Batu game using the paired t test. Respondents in the study were fifteen children at the Amalan Kindergarten. The effectiveness test of the Sipak Batu game was carried out using the one-group pretest-posttest experimental method. The respondents in this study were 15 children. The results of data analysis showed an average increase before being given treatment, namely 34.73, compared to after being given treatment, namely 40.40. From the calculated t, it is -10.159 with a probability/significance level of 0.000 (p value < 0.05), meaning that H0 is rejected because there is a significant change between before using the Sipak Batu game (pretest) and after using the Sipak Batu game (posttest). So it can be concluded that the Android-based traditional Minangkabau game Sipak Batu is effectively used to develop the musical intelligence of children aged 5-6 years.
Gallium doped ZnO -a promising plasmonic material in Sensors in IR and NIR frequency range
Authors: Rajak Sukla
Published: December 2024

This study aims to report the recent advances in the field of Sensors using Gallium doped ZnO as plasmonic material in IR and NIR frequency range with the help of MATLAB simulations. Here comparative study of resonance spectra of both annealed and as- deposited ZnO:Ga (GZO) with several thickness and angle of incidence are investigated. The films are highly transparent in visible –NIR ranges and gives better sensitivity to plasmonic resonance condition for below 100nm thickness.
Functional transformations in the dispersive field of the ‘intransitivity-transitivity’ continuum in the use of verbs in spoken French
Authors:   St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, Kirilova Veska
Published: December 2024

The subject of the present study is the functional transformation in the object-argument orientation of certain verbs in spoken French. The process under consideration leads to three types of changes: (1) a change in the type of the object argument within transitivity, (2) the adoption of an object argument by intransitive verbs, and (3) the loss of an object argument by transitive verbs. The article analyzes the reasons for these processes.
Mentions of the disease nezhit in dietary texts of South Slavic medieval literature
Authors:   Institute for Literature, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Todorova Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the present study is to trace how the disease Nezhit is represented in certain manuscripts, specifically dietary calendars preserved in the National Library of Serbia and the Archives of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. While the study is not exhaustive, it preliminarily outlines the framework for the depiction of this disease in the dietary calendars. For the first time, this publication highlights specific medical guidelines on how to treat individuals suffering from this condition.
Gaze and power relations: A semiotic analysis of Thomas Hardy’s “Neutral Tones”
Authors:   Charmo University, Fatah Shajwan
Published: December 2024

In this paper, I analyze Thomas Hardy’s “Neutral Tones” (1876), which has traditionally been interpreted through historical and personal lenses related to the poet’s voice and the nineteenth-century context. Diverging from these perspectives, my semiotic reading focuses on the aesthetics of the language, revealing hidden aspects and deeper layers of meaning within the text. This study explores literary devices such as metaphor (Friedrich Nietzsche and Jacques Derrida), prosopopoeia, and ekphrasis, also exploring the theoretical concepts of male/female gazes (Laura Mulvey) and power relations (Michel Foucault). The findings suggest that the speaker’s identity is not confined to a male persona, and that power relations and the interplay of gazes shape the dynamics between the characters.
PENGUKURAN INDEKS PLAK SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MENYIKAT GIGI DENGAN PASTA SIWAK PADA RESPONDEN KELAS 5 DAN 6 SEKOLAH DASAR DI MARUYUNG, DEPOK
Authors: Pudentiana  , Ngatemi  , Yulita  , Erwin  , Putri
Published: December 2024

Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) tahun 2018 menyatakan bahwa sebesar 58% penduduk Jawa Barat mempunyai masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan presentase penduduk yang menggosok gigi setiap hari yaitu sebesar 95% akan tetapi hanya 2,8% yang berperilaku menggosok gigi dengan benar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur indeks plak sebelum dan sesudah menggosok gigi dengan pasta siwak pada responden siswa kelas 5 dan 6 Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Meruyung, Kota Depok dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 45 orang dengan teknik Slovin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebelum dilakukan intervensi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dengan teknik menggosok gigi menggunakan pasta siwak terdapat 8 responden (17,8%) dalam rentang kriteria baik, 22 responden (48,9%) dalam rentang kriteria sedang, 15 responden (33,3%) dengan kriteria kurang. Terdapat selisih  antara sebelum dengan perbedaan setelah dilakukan intervensi teknik menggosok gigi menggunakan pasta siwak  yaitu 8 responden (17,8%) memperoleh kriteria peningkatan sangat baik, 22 responden (48,9%) dengan kriteria baik, 14 responden (31,1%) dengan kriteria sedang, dan 1 responden (2,2%) dengan kriteria kurang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggosok gigi menggunakan pasta siwak  dapat direkomendasikan sebagai pilihan dalam upaya menurunkan skor indeks plak individu dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini pula diperolah  rata-rata indeks plak sebesar 1,83.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AMONG EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT NURSES IN HOSPITALS
Authors: Churnawan Rizky Purnomo Adji , Anisa Nur
Published: December 2024

This study examines the relationship between work-life balance and psychological well-being among nurses working in the Emergency Department (ED) at hospitals in the Bekasi region. The background of this research is based on the high workload and professional demands faced by ED nurses, which have the potential to impact their psychological well-being. The study aims to analyze the relationship between work-life balance and psychological well-being. The research method employed was non-probability sampling, involving 100 ED nurses as respondents. Data collection instruments consisted of questionnaires with work-life balance and psychological well-being scales that had been tested for validity and reliability.The data analysis results revealed a very strong positive relationship between work-life balance and psychological well-being (r = 0.877, p < 0.01). This indicates that an improvement in the balance between work and personal life correlates with an enhancement in psychological well-being. The discussion highlights that ED nurses who can maintain a balance between professional responsibilities and personal life tend to have better mental health, reducing stress and anxiety levels.In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of work-life balance in improving the psychological well-being of ED nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that hospitals consider the needs of nurses when formulating work policies, such as providing flexible working hours and social support, to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals and the quality of services provided.
İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Belagat Dersine İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: Şimşek Şahin
Published: December 2024

İslam bilginlerinin büyük çoğunluğu, Kur’an-ı Kerim’deki mucizeliğin kendi yapısından; haiz olduğu fesahat, belagat ve nazım özelliklerinden kaynaklandığını belirtmiş, Kur’an’ın edebî üstünlüğünü ortaya koyup onu lâyıkıyla anlamanın temel aracı olarak da belagat ilmini görmüşlerdir. Bu araştırmanın amacı ilahiyat ile şeriat fakültesi öğrencilerinin belagat dersine ilişkin görüşlerini tespit ederek karşılaştırmalı olarak sunmaktır. Belagat dersinin farklı kültür ve eğitim bağlamlarında nasıl öğretildiği, öğrenciler tarafından nasıl algılandığı ve dersin onların akademik ve kişisel gelişimlerine nasıl katkı sağladığını anlamak belagat dersinin iyileştirilmesi bağlamında önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada kullanılan yöntem nitel araştırma yöntemi olup çalışma olgubilim deseninde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, Batman Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi ile Ürdün Üniversitesi Şeriat Fakültesinde öğrenim gören öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Veriler ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen öğrencilerden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılı ikinci döneminde toplanmıştır. Kullanılan temel ölçüt, katılımcıların ana dillerinin Arapça olmaması ve ilgili dönemde belagat dersini almış olmalarıdır. Toplanan verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, ilahiyat ile şeriat fakültesi öğrencilerinin belagat dersinin kendi alanları için önemli olduğunu düşündükleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İlahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin büyük çoğunluğu belagat dersinin Arapçalarının ilerlemesine katkı sağladığını, önemli bir kısmı ise dersin Kur’an’ın, diğer dini metinlerin ve Arap edebiyatının anlaşılmasında önemli bir araç olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Şeriat fakültesi öğrencilerinin tamamına yakını ise dersin, başta edebî i‘câz olmak üzere genel anlamda Kur’an’ın anlaşılmasına katkı sağladığını belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca her iki öğrenci grubunun çok önemli bir kısmının belagat dersinde zorlandıkları sonucuna da ulaşılmıştır. İlahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerine göre belagati zorlaştıran en önemli husus, Arapça altyapılarının zayıf olması iken şeriat fakültesi öğrencilerine göre ise bu husus belagat konularıyla ilk defa karşılaşmalarıdır. Sonuçlar belagat dersinin Kur’an’ın ve diğer dinî metinlerin anlaşılmasında, öğrencilerin düşünce ve ifade becerilerinin gelişmesinde etkili olduğunu, ancak dersin içeriğinin ve işleniş yönteminin güncellenmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmada ulaşılan bulgu ve sonuçlar çerçevesinde, ilahiyat programına uygun olarak belagat ders içeriğinin, Kur’an’ın edebî yönünü merkeze alacak şekilde düzenlenmesi ve daha katılımcı öğretim yöntemlerinin kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Integrating SEM and monte Carlo projections: Policy insights on carbon emissions, credits, and agriculture
Authors: Nirmala R. , Gandhimathi S. , Chithra D.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the interrelationships between carbon emissions, carbon credits, and climatic factors in India, utilizing an integrated approach that combines Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and Monte Carlo simulations. As one of the world's largest greenhouse gas emitters, India's challenge lies in balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability. The research addresses the critical gaps in understanding how various factors, including industrial activity, energy production, and agricultural practices, influence carbon emissions and the generation of carbon credits. Using historical data, the study employs SEM to analyze the complex relationships among emissions, credits, and climatic variables, aiming to identify significant pathways and interactions. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations project future trends in carbon emissions and credits through 2050, capturing uncertainties inherent in climate projections. The findings suggest that carbon credits significantly mitigate emissions and that climatic factors directly impact both emissions and agricultural productivity. This research contributes to the discourse on climate policy by providing actionable insights for enhancing sustainability initiatives in India. By elucidating the interconnected dynamics of emissions and credits, the study highlights the importance of targeted policies aimed at fostering cleaner technologies, improving agricultural practices, and adapting to climatic changes. Ultimately, this work aims to support India’s transition toward a low-carbon economy while addressing the pressing challenges posed by climate change.
Recalibration, Not Austerity: Welfare States and the Struggle for Liberalism
Authors:   Kingston University London, Olivares-Jirsell Jellen
Published: December 2024

Welfare states have acted as societal equalisers. They have reduced poverty, improved living standards, promoted equality, and supported democracy. However, their alignment with market imperatives and exclusionary definitions of deservedness threatens the welfare state’s role as a social equalising force. This paper aims to diagnose a challenge facing welfare states through two arguments. The first is that four recalibrations have taken place within welfare states: settling for universality, redefining universality, outsourcing, and reducing public spending. These recalibrations aim for market compliance, savings, and competitiveness. The second is that welfare states may prevent unequal distributions and promote equity by focusing beyond universality and prioritising socially liberal policies. By examining OECD countries and beyond, the paper highlights the pitfalls: a myopic focus on universality exacerbates inequalities; neoliberal criteria that align welfare states with populism and lend credence to welfare chauvinism; and outsourcing and privatisation that increase costs without improving service quality, weakening democratic capacity due to reliance on private providers.

Keywords: Recalibration, welfare states, austerity, producerism, populism, welfare chauvinism
Indigenous People and the Meaning of the Construction of Disaster Information Literacy Based on Local Wisdom
Authors: Andung Petrus Ana , Messakh Jakobis Johanis , Doko Meryana Micselen
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is one of the countries that faces numerous disasters,
with the recent increase largely attributed to the worsening
effects of climate change. This study aimed to map out the
experiences and meanings of indigenous communities regarding
disaster information literacy based on local wisdom in facing the
threat of global climate change. This research uses an
interpretive paradigm with a phenomenological approach. Data
collection techniques comprised in-depth interviews, focused
group discussions, and participatory observations. The results
showed that the indigenous peoples have the capacity to
maximise their cultural assets to reduce disaster risks. In disaster
crisis situations, these indigenous communities use their local
wisdom to strengthen their capacity to deal with various threats
such as droughts and floods. Second, cultural aspects determine
the preparedness of indigenous peoples to face various risks of
climate change. Therefore, they build an understanding that one
of the effective ways to mitigate disasters is to use culture-based
local wisdom. They also perform traditional rituals as a form of
prayer when the crisis intensifies.
Effect of Mini-Doses of Compost on Maize Development and Yield at the Refugee Site in Maro in the Greater Sido Region of Chad
Authors:   University of Sarh, PO BOX: 105 Sarh, Chad, Goalbaye Touroumgaye , Nazal Alhadj Markhous ,   University of Sarh, PO BOX: 105 Sarh, Chad, Agoubli Issiné ,   University of Sarh, PO BOX: 105 Sarh, Chad, Amine Ahmat ,   Cherif University of Sarh, PO BOX: 105 Sarh, Chad, Guiguindibaye Madjimbé ,   University of Sarh, PO BOX: 105 Sarh, Chad
Published: December 2024

Chemical fertilizers are polluting for the environment, they are expensive and sometimes inaccessible to producers. With the arrival of refugees from the Central African Republic in Maro in southern Chad, arable land is reduced and soils have become impoverished. An alternative use of locally available organic fertilizers is possible to improve agricultural productivity. The Refugees do not have enough livestock to produce the 5 to 10 t/ha of manure that is recommended for maize cultivation. The objective of the study is to determine the minimum dose of compost that can increase corn productivity. The plant material is composed of 2009 TZEE-W-STR corn variety, with a 90-day cycle. The trial is conducted according to an experimental Fisher block design with 5 treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T0) with 4 replicates. The mini-compost doses (20 g, 40 g, 60 g, 80 g and NPK dose equivalent to 100 kg/ha) correspond respectively to the T1, T2, T3, T4 and T0 control treatments. The results revealed that T0 (16.80 cm ± 0.106) had the longest cob, T1 (14.52 cm ± 0.29) had the lowest cob length. The best biomasses were obtained on T0 (5.14 kgm-2 ± 0.098) and T4 (5.13 kgm-2 ± 0.12), while T2 and T1 recorded the low biomasses. T4 (3.02 tha-1 ± 0.035) and T3 (3.02 tha-1 ± 0.087) obtained better yields, the low yield was observed on T1 (2.33 tha-1 ± 0.055). The T0 (0.253 kg ± 0.005) recorded the best grain weight. T3 and T1 obtained the low grain weights. T2 gave the same results as T4 and T3, which are the high rates of compost and the T0 control. The T2 treatment corresponding to 40 g compost/pocket would be recommended to refugees to increase maize production.
BETWEEN APPROPRIATION AND APORIA: CULTURAL ACTIVISM IN POST-EAST PRUSSIAN POLAND
Authors: Wadle Hannah
Published: December 2024

Following the process of creating a cultural festival around a castle post-East Prussian Poland, this article explores the moral complexities and political pulls within which cultural activism and engaged anthropology take place in this contested area. At the heart of the discussion stands problematising the tendencies of the gradual appropriation of the festival initiative for political trajectories and the transformation of value. The article tells a story that can be read as part of an anthropology of post-WWII and post-Cold War Europe and its lasting traumas and inequalities; it can also be seen within the (engaged) anthropology of future making.Adopting the concepts of aporia and haunting, the author reflects on her position as the founder of the festival and the evolving internal dialogue between resisting appropriation and facilitating it. In form of an autoethnographic, textual montage she presents her positionality, and participation in this process as anthropologist-cum-activist and German citizen living and working in Poland, proposing the notion of “entangled anthropology” to engage with the dimensions of the moral dilemma.