bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A standardized workflow for long-term longitudinal actigraphy data processing: One year of continuous actigraphy from the CAN-BIND Wellness Monitoring Study
Authors: Slyepchenko Anastasiya , Uher Rudolf , Ho Keith , Hassel Stefanie , Matthews Craig , Lukus Patricia K. , Daros Alexander R. , Minarik Anna , Placenza Franca , Li Qingqin S , Rotzinger Susan , Parikh Sagar V. , Foster Jane A. , Turecki Gustavo , Müller Daniel J. , Taylor Valerie H. , Quilty Lena C. , Milev Roumen , Soares Claudio N. , Kennedy Sidney H. , Lam Raymond W. , Frey Benicio N.
Published: January 2023

Monitoring sleep and activity through wearable devices such as wrist-worn actigraphs has the potential for long-term measurement in the individual’s own environment. Long periods of data collection require a complex approach, including standardized pre-processing and data trimming, and robust algorithms to address non-wear and missing data. In this study, we used a data-driven approach to quality control, pre-processing and analysis of longitudinal actigraphy data collected over the course of 1 year in a sample of 95 participants. We implemented a data processing pipeline using open-source packages for longitudinal data thereby providing a framework for treating missing data patterns, non-wear scoring, sleep/wake scoring, and conducted a sensitivity analysis to demonstrate the impact of non-wear and missing data on the relationship between sleep variables and depressive symptoms. Compliance with actigraph wear decreased over time, with missing data proportion increasing from a mean of 4.8% in the first week to 23.6% at the end of the 12 months of data collection. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the importance of defining a pre-processing threshold, as it substantially impacts the predictive value of variables on sleep-related outcomes. We developed a novel non-wear algorithm which outperformed several other algorithms and a capacitive wear sensor in quality control. These findings provide essential insight informing study design in digital health research.
Growth Preference or Inflation Preference: An Investigation on the Nonlinear Monetary Policy Response of Central Banks
Authors: Li Xue , Zhou Xinlin , Ruoxi Zhang , Wan Yuhui
Published: January 2023

With the wide spread of the COVID-19 virus around the world, central banks are actively implementing monetary policies to regulate its impact on the real economy. In this context, whether there is asymmetry in central banks’ preference for their target variables, is an issue of widespread concern in academic circles. This paper deduces the nonlinear monetary policy response function by minimizing the loss function of central banks. It then estimates China as a sample and compares it with the United States, Europe and other countries. The findings are: first, the estimation results of China’s monetary policy response function show that there is a nonlinear relationship between interest rate and inflation gap. Greater deviation of inflation rate and real output value from their target brings larger interest rate adjustment. Second, the preference of central banks for their monetary policy objectives is asymmetric. The preference of the Central Bank of China varied in different periods of time: from 1992 to 2008, it preferred to stimulate economic growth, reflected by the asymmetric coefficient of output gap of -5.46; from 2009 to 2021, it was more averse to high inflation, manifested in the asymmetric coefficient of 1.1566.
JEL: E4, E5,
Added value of 18F-FDOPA PET to the management of high-grade glioma patients after their initial treatment: a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Darcourt Jacques , Bourg Veronique , Gal Jocelyn , Schiappa Renaud , Blonski Marie , Almairac Fabien , Mondot Lidiane , Lejeune Florence , Collombier Laurent , Kas Aurelie , Taillandier Luc , Verger Antoine
Published: January 2023

Background. Diagnostic value of 18F-fluoro-L-dihydrophenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) PET in patients with suspected recurrent gliomas is recognised. We conducted a multicentre prospective study to assess its added value in the practical management of patients suspected of recurrence of high grade gliomas (HGG).
Methods. Patients with a proven HGG (WHO grade III and IV) were referred to the multidisciplinary neuro-oncology board (MNOB) during their follow-up after initial standard of care treatment and when MRI findings were not fully conclusive. Each case was discussed in 2 steps. For step 1, a diagnosis and a management proposal was made only based on the clinical and the MRI data. For step 2, the same process was repeated taking the 18F-FDOPA PET results into consideration. A level of confidence of the decisions was assigned to each step. Changes in diagnosis and management induced by 18F-FDOPA PET information were measured. When unchanged, the difference in the confidence of the decisions were assessed. The diagnostic performances of each step was measured.
Results. 107 patients underwent a total of 138 MNOB assessments. The proposed diagnosis changed between step 1 and step 2 in 37 cases (26.8%) and the proposed management changed in 31 cases (22.5%). When the management did not change, the confidence in the MNOB final decision was increased in 87 cases (81.3 %). Step 1 had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 83%, 58% and 66% and step 2, 86%, 64% and 71% respectively.
Conclusion. 18F-FDOPA PET adds significant information for the follow-up of HGG patients in clinical practice.
How Oral Conditions and Oral Substance Abuse Can Affect the Oral Health Related Quality of Life of Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus?
Authors: Chimbinha Ítalo Gustavo , de Morais Sidney Raiski , Piovesan Chaiana , Pinto Tatiana Perrone Militz , Ardenghi Thiago Machado , Guedes Renata
Published: January 2023

Background This survey’s aim was to evaluate the impact of oral conditions and oral substance abuse on the oral health related quality of adult patients carrying the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, in Santa Maria city, Brazil. Methods This cross-sectional survey examined all HIV patients between 18 and 65 years in treatment and follow-up at the outpatient Service of infectious diseases in Santa Maria. Three previously trained and calibrated examiners conducted the clinical examination. A structured questionnaire was used to assess socioeconomic characteristics and oral substance abuse. To evaluate the oral health related to the quality of life the OHIP-14 questionnaire was used. The data was analyzed with multivariate regression of Poisson. Results Individuals with the HIV virus who had DMF-t > 3 showed a greater impact on their quality of life compared to those with DMF-t ≤ 3 (RP 1.03; 95 CI% 1.01–1.06). Drug users had a greater impact than those who did not use drugs (RP 1.52; 95 CI% 1.06–2.19). Antiretroviral therapy users and smoking habits did not influence oral health-related quality of life. HIV patients without social support had a greater impact on their quality of life compared to patients with social support (RP 1.71; 95CI% 1.20–2.44). Furthermore, the use of toothpaste showed to be a protective factor (RP 0.49; 95 CI% 0.32–0.74). Conclusion Presence of tooth decay, absence of social support, use of drugs, and use of toothpaste affects the oral heath quality of life in adult HIV patients.
Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumour of Endobronchial Presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Valderrama-Saldaña Mayra , Cubas W Samir , Reina Helen , Somocursio José , Small Max
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Lung carcinoid tumors account for 1-2 % of malignant lung neoplasms. Early diagnosis is crucial, and surgery at an early stage may improve the clinical picture and may even be a curative option.
Case report: We present the case of a 78-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled arterial hypertension, anxious syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, and paroxysmal palpitations for the last two years. Imaging showed a left hilar nodular lesion causing endobronchial obstruction in the left lower lobe. Anatomopathology revealed a low-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor, and pulmonary resection with nodal staging was promptly considered.
Conclusions: The diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoid tumor is challenging; therefore, it is necessary to maintain suspicion in patients with non-specific and/or persistent respiratory symptoms, and complete resection and prolonged close follow-up should be considered despite a satisfactory postoperative course.
Clonal hematopoiesis in idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance
Authors: Wu Hanyang , Gu Chao-yang , Liu Shuang , Dong Qiao-feng , Dong Lin , Wang Liang , Wang Xinru , Cui Si-yuan , Li Zhao , Liu Xin-guang , Ma Daoxin , Ji Chunyan
Published: January 2023

The mutation landscapes and clinical significance of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance (ICUS) is still unclear. Based on the next-generation sequencingdata of 281 ICUS patients, we sought to depict the profile of CH in ICUS and evaluate its role in disease progression. It was found that CH occurred in 27% of the patients, and was more prevalent in male patients. The incidence of CH accumulated with age. AXSL1, DNMT3A, U2AF1 and TET2 were the most frequently mutated genes. Exclusive mutations existed in DNMT3A and U2AF1, and co-occurring mutations were found between SRSF2 and TET2, SRSF2 and WT1. Fifteen of the 281 ICUS patients transformed to hematological malignancies, and CH group had a higher incidence of leukemic transformation than non-CH group. Variant allele frequencies (VAFs) of the mutated genes, such asASXL1, U2AF1 and TP53, showed an obvious elevation after disease transformation. Moreover, CH patients had a shorter overall survival and progression-free survival. These data indicated that CH was a common phenomenon in ICUS patients, and it contributed greatly to the increased risk of disease progression, suggesting the significance of gene mutation monitoring in ICUS management.
Contribution of Timescale Patterns to Photoplethysmography-based Blood Pressure Estimation
Authors: Xing Xiaoman , Huang Rui , Jiang Chenyu , Dong Wen-fei
Published: January 2023

Objective: Single-site photoplethysmography (PPG)-based blood pressure (BP) estimation has raised a lot of interest due to its compactness and low cost. However, this method relies on PPG morphological features, which are sensitive to noise and measurement conditions. The underlying physiological mechanism was also unclear at this moment. In this study, we propose to add timescale patterns of PPG to improve the BP estimation performance and clarify the underlying mechanism.
Methods: In-silico simulation with a four-element Windkessel model showed that peripheral resistance and vascular compliance variation during a cardiac cycle correlated with PPG’s long- and short-term self-similarity, which significantly correlated with BP. A publicly available dataset was used to validate the simulation predictions using mutual information analysis and regression performance assessment.
Results: The hemodynamic property of the cardiovascular system determines how fast PPG responds to a stimulus. High vascular compliance or peripheral resistance leads to prolonged and overlapped responses, which could be described by timescale patterns. Adding these patterns significantly increased the PPG-BP mutual information and improved the BP estimation performance. Compared to algorithms with morphological and biometric features, the mean absolute error (MAE) of calibrated systolic BP (SBP) reduced from 5.37mmHg to 4.51mmHg, while the MAE of calibration-free diastolic BP (DBP) reduced from 3.46mmHg to 2.81mmHg. The median intra-subject correlation between SBP/DBP estimation and ground truth increased from 0.63/0.34 to 0.80/0.68, which means the intrinsic BP fluctuation was better captured.
Conclusion: Timescale patterns were vital to single-site PPG-based BP estimation. Understanding its physiological implication may help us design algorithms with clear interpretability and simplified structures.
Treatment strategy for BVO-ME based on long-term outcomes correlating retinal structure by OCT image and visual acuity
Authors: Fujiwara Ryo , Mori Hidetsugu , Kimura Motoki , Yamada Haruhiko , Takahasi Kanji , Hattori Yuki
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mainstream treatment for reducing ME secondary to BRVO (BVO-ME）. Regrettably, most reports of intravitreal anti-VEGF for BVO-ME have disclosed only short-term outcomes. Here, we characterized long-term indicators for the visual prognosis of patients with BVO-ME, including the correlation between retinal structure by OCT and visual acuity.
Methods: Patients with BVO-ME were retrospectively recruited based on clinical records in Kansai Medical University Hospital from June 2012 to March 2022. Patients were divided into two groups according to BCVA at the final visit: Group A (≥0.7) and Group B (≤0.6).
Results: 47 eyes from 45 patients were assessed. The mean follow-up period from initial to final visit was 64.38 ± 15.07 (range, 38-100) months. BCVA in Group A (n = 32) was significantly greater than in Group B (n = 15) at all timepoints. The ratio that the number of eyes which the EZ band and the foveal bulge were intact in Group A was higher than in Group B (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.0002, respectively). The ratio that the number of eyes which recurrence SRD was observed by the final visit in Group A was lower than in Group B (p = 0.0485).
Conclusion: The integrity of the EZ band and an intact foveal bulge were significant predictors for visual acuity. In contrast, recurrent SRD led to poor visual acuity in the long term, even if BCVA was good in the short term.
A novel approach for decoupling and separating the thermal positioning errors of machining center linear axes
Authors: Yao Xiaopeng , Hu Teng , Wang Xiaohu , Mi Liang , Yin Guofu
Published: January 2023

CNC machining center linear axis thermal positioning errors, seen as the synthetic consequences of geometric and thermal errors, respectively generated due to the manufacturing and assembling inaccuracies and the asymmetric thermal deformation of the machining center structure, are significantly affected by varying position of the cutting point and shifting state of temperature field. Hence, developing a practical approach to reduce or even eliminate thermal positioning errors is crucial. This paper proposes a novel approach to decouple and separate machining center linear axis thermal positioning errors, based on which a highly accurate prediction model of the thermal positioning error is formulated. Firstly, a new concept on thermal positioning error sensitivity is presented where grey correlation analysis is borrowed to characterize the mapping between varying temperature fields and thermal positioning errors, according to which the sensor sensitivities and distributions are derived and optimized, respectively. Then, the thermal positioning errors are decoupled and separated into geometric and thermal errors by adopting multiple linear regression and GM (1, n) algorithms, respectively. Finally, the corresponding embedded compensation module is also developed within the SIEMENS 840D CNC system to realize the online compensation strategy providing the engineering applications. Experimental validations are performed on a commercial machining center, where the thermal positioning errors of the Z-axis are measured with the help of a laser interferometer testing kit and a thermal inspection instrument. The data comparisons indicate that the maximum thermal positioning errors of the Z-axis in the cold and warm state are respectively decreased for 86.5% and 71.6% after activating the compensation module, which also suggests that the proposed approach is adequate and accurate to decouple and separate the thermal positioning errors.
Risk factors affecting patients survival with colorectal cancer in Morocco : Survival Analysis using an Interpretable Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Badisy Imad El , BenBrahim Zineb , Khalis Mohamed , Elansari Soukaina , ElHitmi Youssef , Abbas Fouad , Mellas Nawfal , Rhazi Karima EL
Published: January 2023

The aim of our study was to assess the overall survival rates for colorectal patients in Morocco and to identify strong prognostic factors using a novel approach combining survival random forest and the Cox model. Covariate selection was performed using the variable importance based on permutation and partial dependence plots were displayed to explore in depth the relationship between the estimated partial effect of a given predictor and survival rates. The predictive performance was measured by two metrics, the Concordance Index (C-index) and the Brier Score (BS). Overall survival rates at 1, 2 and 3 years were, respectively, 87% (SE = 0.02; CI-95% = 0.84–0.91), 77% (SE = 0.02; CI-95% = 0.73–0.82) and 60% (SE = 0.03; CI-95% = 0.54–0.66). In the Cox model after adjustment for all covariates, sex, tumor differentiation had no significant effect on prognosis, but rather tumor site had a significant effect. The variable importance obtained from RSF strengthens that surgery, stage, insurance, residency, and age were the most important prognostic factors. The discriminative capacity of the Cox PH and RSF was, respectively, 0.771 and 0.798 for the C-index, while the accuracy of the Cox PH and RSF was, respectively, 0.257 and 0.207 for the Brier Score. This shows that RSF had both better discriminative capacity and predictive accuracy. Our results show that patients who are older than 70, living in rural areas, without health insurance, at a distant stage and who have not had surgery constitute a subgroup of patients with poor prognosis.
Association between single nucleotide variants and severe chronic pain in older adult patients after lower extremity arthroplasty
Authors: Xu Rui , Jin Yinan , Tang Suhong , Wang Wenwen , Sun Yu-E , Liu Yue , Zhang Wei , Hou Bailing , Huang Yulin , Ma Zhengliang
Published: January 2023

Background

Hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disability worldwide and occurs mostly in the older adults. Total hip or knee arthroplasty is the most effective method to treat OA. However, severe postsurgical pain leading to a poor prognosis. So, investigating the population genetics and genes related to severe chronic pain in older adult patients after lower extremity arthroplasty is helpful to improve the quality of treatment.

Methods

We collected blood samples from elderly patients who underwent lower extremity arthroplasty from September 2020 to February 2021 at the Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School. The enrolled patients provided measures of pain intensity using the numerical rating scale on the 90th day after surgery. Patients were divided into the case group (Group A) and the control group (Group B) including 10 patients respectively by the numerical rating scale. DNA was isolated from the blood samples of the two groups for whole-exome sequencing.

Results

In total, 661 variants were identified in the 507 gene regions that were significantly different between both groups (P < 0.05), including CASP5, RASGEF1A, CYP4B1, etc. These genes are mainly involved in biological processes, including cell–cell adhesion, ECM–receptor interaction, metabolism, secretion of bioactive substances, ion binding and transport, regulation of DNA methylation, and chromatin assembly.

Conclusions

The current study shows some variants within genes are significantly associated with severe postsurgical chronic pain in older adult patients after lower extremity arthroplasty, indicating a genetic predisposition for chronic postsurgical pain.
The study was registered according to ICMJE guidelines. The trial registration number is ChiCTR2000031655 and registration date is April 6th, 2020.
The Interactive Impact of Pain and Task Difficulty on Effort-Related Cardiovascular Reactivity
Authors: Cancela Tamara , Silvestrini Nicolas
Published: January 2023

Objective
Multiple evidence suggests that pain impairs cognitive task performance. However, much less is known about the impact of pain on cognitive effort, i.e., the mobilization of resources during cognitive task performance. The present experiment investigated how pain interacts with task difficulty to influence the allocation of effort.
Methods
Healthy volunteers were administered individually adjusted painful or nonpainful thermal stimulations during an easy or difficult cognitive task. Effort was assessed as cardiovascular reactivity during task performance, in particular the cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP). Based on pain research showing that pain adds supplementary demand on cognitive functioning, we expected pain to influence effort because it should increase subjective task difficulty. Consequently, drawing on motivational intensity theory, we predicted and found a crossover interaction between pain and task difficulty on PEP reactivity.
Results
Pain led to stronger effort than nonpainful stimulations in the easy task, which was expected due to additional pain-related demand. However, nonpainful stimulations led to stronger reactivity than painful stimulations in the difficult task, which was predicted due to too high required effort and disengagement in the pain condition. Moreover, our results showed that pain increased perceived task difficulty.
Conclusions
These findings provide first evidence that objective task difficulty moderates physical pain’s impact on effort assessed as cardiovascular response. Clinical implications in the context of chronic pain are discussed.
Renal lobulation – a benign anatomical variation?
Authors: Covantsev Serghei , Arnaut Oleg , Mulaeva Karina , Belic Olga
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Renal lobulation (also known as fetal or embryonic lobulation) is a rare variation of development when renal lobules have a visible anatomical space between them. Fetal lobulation is considered to be rare in adult patients and can be seen in 0.5-4% of cases.
Material and methods: The study was conducted on 54 human kidneys from patients who died due to causes unrelated to renal pathology and were fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution. After seven days of preservation in a formaldehyde solution the kidneys were dissected manually. The data acquired during the study was analyzed statistically (Spearmans correlation, cross-tabulation analysis, Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression).
Results: The group with fetal lobulation (n=16) was associated with a length M=9.89 (SD=0.6, p=0.15). By comparison the kidneys without lobulation (n=38) were associated with a numerically bigger length M=10.29 (SD=0.607, p=0.098). To test the hypothesis that lobulation is associated with a statistically significant different length a Mann-Whitney test was performed, which indicated that the length of the kidneys is smaller in case of lobulation U=198, Z= -2.04, p=0.04. cross-tabulation also demonstrated that kidney lobulation may be influenced by the presence of polar arteries with r=0.41 (p<0.02). The likelihood ratio was 7.28, df 1, p=0.003 odds ratio 6.857 (CI 95%=1.84-25.61). There was no relationship between fetal lobulation and number of major calyces or sex (p>0.05). A logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of polar arteries on the likelihood that kidneys have cortex lobulation (Step 1) and the effect of both polar arteries and length on the likelihood that kidneys have cortex lobulation (Step 2). In the step 1 the logistic regression model was statistically significant, χ2(1) = 8.73, p = 0.003. The model explained 21.2% (Nagelkerke R2) of the variance in kidney lobulation and correctly classified 75.9% of cases. Kidneys with lobulation were 6.85 times more likely to have polar arteries than kidneys without lobulation.
Conclusions: The data from our research indicates that even though no pathological conditions are linked until now with lobulated kidneys the incidence of vascular variations (specifically polar arteries) is higher when there is persistent fetal lobulation. Therefore, this condition can be caused by hemodynamic changes inside the organ. Kidneys with fetal lobulation also tend to be smaller. The proposed model need validation and completion up to determination coefficient value 0.8.
Trajectories of Sleep Disturbance and Self-Management of Chronic Conditions during COVID-19 among Middle-aged and Older Adults
Authors: Kim Minjee , Opsasnick Lauren , Batio Stephanie , Benavente Julia Y. , Bonham Morgan , Zheng Pauline , Lovett Rebecca M. , Bailey Stacy C. , Kwasny Mary , Ladner Daniela P. , Chou Sherry HY. , Linder Jeffrey A. , Weintraub Sandra , Luo Yuan , Zee Phyllis C. , Wolf Michael S.
Published: January 2023

Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has had a widespread impact on sleep quality, yet little is known about the prevalence of sleep disturbance and its impact on self-management of chronic conditions during the ongoing pandemic.
Objective: To evaluate trajectories of sleep disturbance, and their associations with one’s capacity to self-manage chronic conditions.
Design: A longitudinal cohort study linked to 3 active clinical trials and 2 cohort studies with 5 time points of sleep data collection (July 15, 2020 – May 23, 2022).
Participants: Adults living with chronic conditions who completed sleep questionnaires for two or more time points.
Exposure: Trajectories of self-reported sleep disturbance across 5 time points.
Main Outcomes: 3 self-reported measures of self-management capacity, including subjective cognitive decline, medication adherence, and self-efficacy for managing chronic disease.
Results: 549 adults aged 23 to 91 years were included in the analysis. Two thirds had 3 or more chronic conditions; 42.4% of participants followed a trajectory of moderate or high likelihood of persistent sleep disturbance across the study period. Moderate or high likelihood of sleep disturbance was associated with older age (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.09, 2.26, P<.05), persistent stress (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.16, 2.06, P=.003), poorer physical function (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.17, 2.13, P=.003), greater anxiety (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.04, 1.87, P=.03) and depression (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.20, 2.22, P=.002). Moderate or high likelihood of sleep disturbance was also independently associated with subjective cognitive decline, poorer medication adherence, and worse self-efficacy for managing chronic diseases (all P<.001).
Conclusions: Persistent sleep disturbance during the pandemic may be an important risk factor for inadequate chronic disease self-management and potentially poor health outcomes in adults living with chronic conditions. Public health and health system strategies might consider monitoring sleep quality in adults with chronic conditions to optimize health outcomes.
Glycemic Dispersion: A New Index for Screening High Glycemic Variability
Authors: Shi R , Feng L , Tang LT , Luo BB , Cao HY , Bi QY , Liu YM
Published: January 2023

Objective: For patients with diabetes, high frequency and high amplitude glycemic variability may be more harmful than continuous hyperglycemia, however, there is still a lack of screening indicators that can quickly and easily assess the level of glycemic variability so far. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the glycemic dispersion index is effective for screening high glycemic variability.
Methods: A total of 170 diabetes patients hospitalized in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were included in this study. After admission, the fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were measured. The peripheral capillary blood glucose was measured seven times in 24 h, before and after each of three meals and before bedtime. The standard deviation of the seven peripheral blood glucose values was calculated, and a standard deviation of >2.0 was used as the threshold of high glycemic variability. The glycemic dispersion index was calculated and its diagnostic efficacy for high glycemic variability was determined by the Mann–Whitney U test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and, Pearson correlation analysis.
Results: The glycemic dispersion index of patients with high glycemic variability was significantly higher than that of those with low glycemic variability (p < 0.01). The best cutoff value of the glycemic dispersion index for screening high glycemic variability was 4.21. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.901 (95% CI: 0.856–0.945) and had a sensitivity of 0.781 and specificity of 0.905. It was correlated with the standard deviation of blood glucose values (r = 0.813, p < 0.01).
Conclusions: The glycemic dispersion index had good sensitivity and specificity for screening high glycemic variability. It was significantly associated with the standard deviation of blood glucose concentration and is simple and easy to calculate. It was an effective screening indicator of high glycemic variability.
Research on the dynamic tracking error compensation method of the linear axis of an ultra-precision lathe based on a piezo nanopositioning stage
Authors: Fu Siyuan , Yang Hong , Cui Kaihua , Sun Shouli , Duan Fang , Jiang Zhong , Zhang Yongbin
Published: January 2023

Single-point diamond turning technology has been widely used in processing microstructures. The accuracy of ultraprecision cutting machine tools affects the performance of the microstructure. By improving the structure of the machine tool itself, the machining accuracy of ultraprecision diamond lathes has almost become optimized. Therefore, this research identifies and analyzes the linear axis tracking error through the dynamic modeling of a macro/micro cutting system. Furthermore, the impact of the tracking error on machining accuracy is obtained. Based on the macro/micro cutting system, a servo tracking error compensation method is proposed, and the effectiveness of this error compensation strategy is verified by simulation. The proposed experimental approach includes cutting experiments of tracking error compensation for a hyperbolic sine wave surface structure, verifying the surface profile accuracy of the workpiece with and without tracking error compensation. Additionally, this study proposes a profile evaluation method for microstructure. Experimental results show that the proposed tracking error compensation strategy effectively reduces the tracking error of ultraprecision cutting machine tools. Additionally, the proposed approach significantly improves the microstructure machining profile accuracy and can be used for ultraprecision lathes with high precision.
Temperature and magnetic field effect on the thermodynamic properties of 2DEG
Authors: Bouzgarrou Sonia , Almutairi Haya Abdullah Hazza
Published: January 2023

A numerical calculation of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the specific heat capacity, the magnetization, and the chemical potential is carried out. Of particular interest are the properties of the energy of a magnetic field in a two-dimensional electron gas exposed to a magnetic field. Thus, in this paper, we illustrate the effect of temperature on the oscillation dHvA of specific heat capacity and magnetization. As well a mathematical model has been developed for calculating the temperature dependence of the oscillations of the chemical potential and the density of states under the influence of a magnetic field. Using the proposed model, the results were explained at different broadening factors Γ. The calculated results show that specific heat capacity and magnetization increase as the magnetic field increases. Additionally, these increases carry out that the magnetic field is large enough to neglect the mixing of Landau levels caused by the sharp peak of Landeau levels. Moreover, the 2D dHvA effect is characterized by a sawtooth strap at a very low temperature.
Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network with Semantic-aware Differential Privacy Guarantees
Authors: Wei Yuecen , Fu Xingcheng , Yan Dongqi , Sun Qingyun , Peng Hao , Wu Jia , Wang Jinyan , Li Xianxian
Published: January 2023

Most social networks can be modeled as a heterogeneous graph. Recently, advanced graph learning methods exploit the rich node properties and topological relationships for downstream tasks. That means that more private information is embedded in the representation. However, the existing privacy-preserving methods only focus on protecting the single type of node attributes or relationships, which neglect the significance of high-order semantic information. To address this issue, we propose a novel Heterogeneous graph neural network with Semantic-aware Differential privacy Guarantees named HeteSDG, which provides a double privacy guarantee and performance trade-off in terms of both graph features and topology. In particular, we first reveal the privacy leakage in heterogeneous graph and define a membership inference attack with a semantic enhancement (MIS) that will improve the means of member inference attacks by obtaining side background knowledge through semantics. Then we design a two-stage mechanism, which includes the feature attention personalized mechanism and the topology gradient perturbation mechanism, where the privacy-preserving technologies are based on differential privacy. These mechanisms will defend against MIS attacks and provide stronger interpretation, but simultaneously bring in noise for representation learning. To better balance the noise perturbation and learning performance, we utilize a bi-level optimization pattern to allocate a suitable privacy budget for the above two modules. Our experiments on four public benchmarks conduct performance experiments, ablation studies, inference attack verification, etc. The results show the privacy protection capability and generalization of HeteSDG.
Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder And Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Abebebch Gobena Mother And Child Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia in 2022: Cross sectional study
Authors: Mohammed Kasim , Hussein Kedir , Ali Dawed , Andualem Fantahun
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Common mental disorders (CMDs) are nonpsychotic mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, adjustment, and somatoform disorders that compromise daytoday functioning. Pregnancy and the transition to motherhood involve major physical and psychological changes in the expecting mothers.
Objective
To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among pregnant women in Abebech Gobena Hospital in 2022.
Method
Crosse sectional study was conducted from May to June 2022 at Abebech Gobena hospital. Systematic random sampling method was employed to select 421 study participants. The data were collected using structured questionnaire and face- to -face interview method. Data was entered in to Epi info 7.1 and export to (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. The association between dependent and independent variables was analyzed by using logistic regression. In bi-variable logistic regression (at p value < 0.25) was entered in to multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed. Statistical significance was declared at p value of < 0 .05.
Results
From the total of 415 participant 85(20.5%) had common mental disorder. As of this result, participants were unplanned 2.9 times [AOR = 2.9, CI95%( 1.3, 6.7)] developed common mental disorder than planed pregnant. Pregnant women who reported history of chronic medical illness have 2.8 CMD than who didn’t (AOR = 2.8; 95%CI: 1.08—7.1). The odds of having CMD among participants who were lifetime alcohol use was 5.3 times (AOR = 5.304, 95% CI = 3.1, 7.1) than participants who did not use. Participants who had no husband support continuity of pregnant were 1.97 times more develop CMD (AOR = 1.97, 95% CI = 0.96, 4.04) as compared with who had husband support.
Conclusion and Recommendation:
In this study the prevalence of Common Mental Disorder in pregnant women was high. Chronic illness, alcohol use in lifetime, husband support and status of pregnancy were found to be significantly associated with common mental disorder. Therefore all stake holders would involve in providing special psycho-social support during pregnancy than ever at the time of ANC follow up.
Focusing a realist evaluation of peer support for paediatric mental health
Authors: Thompson Dean M. , Bernard Mark , Maxfield Bob , Halsall Tanya , Mathers Jonathan
Published: January 2023

Objective
Mental health problems are a leading and increasing cause of health-related burden in children across the world. Peer support interventions are increasingly used to meet this need using the lived experience of people with a history of mental health problems. However, much of the research underpinning this work has focused on adults, leaving a gap in knowledge about how these complex interventions may work for different children in different circumstances. Realist research may help us to understand how such complex interventions may trigger different mechanisms to produce different outcomes in children. This paper reports on an important first step in realist research, namely the construction of an embryonic initial programme theory to help ‘focus’ realist evaluation exploring how children’s peer support services work in different contexts to produce different outcomes in the West Midlands (UK).
Methods
A survey and preliminary semi-structured realist interviews were conducted with 10 peer support service staff. Realist analysis was carried out to produce context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOC).
Results
Analysis produced an initial programme theory of peer support for children’s mental health. This included 12 CMOCs. Important outcomes identified by peer support staff included hope, service engagement, wellbeing, resilience, and confidence; each generated by different mechanisms including contextualisation of psychoeducation, navigating barriers to accessing services, validation, skill development, therapeutic relationship, empowerment, and reducing stigma.
Conclusion
These data lay the groundwork for designing youth mental health realist research to evaluate with nuance the complexities of what components of peer support work for whom in varying circumstances.
Experimental verification of seafloor crustal deformation observations by UAV-based GNSS- A
Authors: Yokota Yusuke , Kaneda Masata , Hashimoto Takenori , Yamaura Shusaku , Kouno Kenji , Hirakawa Yoshiaki
Published: January 2023

The Global Navigation Satellite System – Acoustic ranging combination technique (GNSS-A) is the only geodetic observation method that can precisely detect absolute horizontal and vertical seafloor crustal deformations on the centimetre scale. GNSS-A has detected many geophysical phenomena and is expected to make great contributions to earthquake disaster prevention science and geodesy. However, current observations obtained using a vessel and a buoy suffer from high cost or poor real-time performance, which leads to low observation frequency and delays in obtaining and transmitting disaster prevention information. To overcome these problems, a new sea-surface platform is required. Here, we develop a sea-landing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system for GNSS-A. Sub-metre-level seafloor positioning is achieved based on real-time single-frequency GNSS data for an actual site. UAV-based GNSS-A allows high-frequency, near-real-time, and low-cost seafloor geodetic observations. It could be applied for high-frequency centimetre-accuracy observations using dual-frequency GNSS.
Open Set Classification of Sound Event
Authors: You Jie , Wu Wenqin , Lee Joonwhoan
Published: January 2023

Sound is one of the primary forms of sensory information that we use to perceive our surroundings. Usually, a sound event is a sequence of an audio clip that is obtained from an action. The action can be rhythm patterns, music genre, people speaking for a few seconds, etc. The sound event classification address involves distinguishing what kind of audio clip it is from the given audio sequence. Nowadays, it is a common issue to solve in the following pipeline: audio pre-processing◊perceptual feature extraction◊classification algorithm. In this paper, we improve the traditional sound event classification algorithm to identify unknown sound events by using the deep learning method. The compact cluster structure in the feature space for known classes is helpful in recognizing unknown classes by allowing large room to locate unknown samples in the embedded feature space. Based on this concept: we applied center loss and supervised contrastive loss to optimize the model. The center loss tries to minimize the intra class distance by pulling the embedded feature into the cluster center, while the contrastive loss disperses the inter-class features from one another. In addition, we explored the performance of self-supervised learning in detecting unknown sound events. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed open set sound event classification algorithm and self-supervised learning approach achieve sustained performance improvements in various datasets.
Ecosystem Health in the Southwest China Hybrid Geomorphologic Region: Evolution Characteristics and Driving Factors
Authors: Chen Honglian , Li Rui , Zhang Yushan , Wu Qinglin , Yuan Jiang , Gao Jiayong
Published: January 2023

The ecosystem health of the Chishui River Basin (CRB)—a crucial ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River—is vital for the ecological security and socioeconomic sustainability of the Yangtze River Basin. However, the evolution of the ecosystem health in various CRB areas of different geomorphologic types and its driving factors remain unclear. This study combined the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models to construct a VORES framework–based ecosystem health assessment for the CRB and evaluated the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics in the CRB in 2010–2020, and then explore the driving factors of ecosystem health based on geographical detectors.The results were as follows: (1)In 2010–2020, ecosystem service function in the CRB decreased and then increased; the overall trend was downward, and the overall ecosystem service function was higher in the Danxia area than it was in the karst area.(2)The ecosystem was generally subhealthy; the Danxia area was mostly extremely healthy, whereas the karst area was mostly subhealthy and unhealthy. (3)In the CRB, strong explanatory power for healthy spatial distribution of ecosystems was demonstrated by vegetation, precipitation, and the bedrock bareness rate in the karst area, whereas it was demonstrated by vegetation, land use, and precipitation in the Danxia area. All influencing factors demonstrated increased explanatory power after interaction, and the combinations of the dominant interaction factors of different geomorphologic types demonstrated considerable differences. These results may provide scientific support for CRB ecosystem health maintenance and conservation.
Repellent and deterrent effects of natural products against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)
Authors: Kavita  , Sharma Sanjay Kumar , Sood A.K.
Published: January 2023

Four farm made natural products viz. Agniastra, Brahmastra, Darekastra, Dashparni each applied @ 10 per cent concentration and one commercial product Neem Baan containing azadirachtin @ 0.0005 per cent were evaluated for repellence and oviposition deterrence against Plutella xylostella using ‘Leaf dip’ method of bioassay under laboratory conditions. In ‘No choice’ test, repellence of natural products to adults of P. xylostella varied from 20.8 – 82.3 per cent up to 4h after adult release. However, in ‘Choice’ test, it varied from 10.4 – 70.4 per cent. Similarly, deterrence to oviposition by females of P. xylostella varied from 15.9 – 63.9 and 21.7 – 56.3 per cent up to 4h after adult release in ‘No choice’ and ‘Choice’ tests, respectively.
The potential therapeutic efficiency of pan-ERBB inhibitors for canine glioma
Authors: Noguchi Shunsuke , Yasumura Moeka
Published: January 2023

Canine glioma is one of the most common brain tumors and has a poor prognosis. Therefore, an effective chemotherapy is desired. A previous study has indicated that the signaling involving one of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), ERBB4 is a promising therapeutic target. In the current study, the anti-tumor effects of pan-ERBB inhibitors that can inhibit phosphorylation of ERBB4 were evaluated in a canine glioblastoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. As a result, both afatinib and dacomitinib successfully decreased the expression of phosphorylated ERBB4 and significantly decreased the number of viable cells. Furthermore, both reagents prolonged the survival time of orthotopic xenografted mice. With regard to the downstream molecules of ERBB4, afatinib suppressed the expression of phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated Extracellular signal-related kinases1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and, in addition, induced apoptotic cell death. Thus, pan-ERBB inhibition was considered a potential promising therapeutic strategy for canine glioma.
Human Identification after Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: SABHARWAL TANUPREET
Published: January 2023

Many people adopt cosmetic or medical changes for aesthetic or therapeutic objectives. The paper proposes a human identification technique for differentiating between samples taken before and after surgery. The system operates in three stages. First, pre-, and post-surgery images are preprocessed (cropped/converted to grayscale), then fuzzy edge detection is performed. Next, prominent features are extracted using SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features) extractor, and finally, a KNN classifier is used to determine which pairs are genuine and which are impostor. Utilizing fuzzy edge detection as a pre-processing step for appropriate (non-redundant) feature selection is the innovation/novelty in this method (dimensionality reduction). The selected features acquired by fuzzy detection are then subjected to SURF. The purpose of SURF is to compute operators quickly by utilizing box filters, rotation invariance, and anti-blur features. Since edges are local in nature and SURF is a local extractor, we have concentrated on extracting local features since they reveal more information (high frequency components) and can represent non-linear geometrical variations brought about by medical changes. Because the image contour is not deformed and suitable edges are retained, the fuzzy detector is preferable to Sobel, Canny, Roberts, and Prewitt detectors. Surgical sample fuzzy edge detection has not yet been implemented. The anticipated scheme's evaluation measures have been documented in literature the most effectively to date.