bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CorrelationShip Between Complication of Diabetes And Biofilm Form By Bacterial Isolate Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU)Among Iraqi Diabetic Patients
Authors: Thumad Al-kaisey Hussein
Published: August 2023

Background:Diabetic Foot ulcer (DFU)are the most common economicproblems in diabetic patients (both type І and ІІ), Sothat’s more severe and longer cure than non-diabetic patients, that has many degree of ulcer as mild, moderate, or severewhich maybe leading to development of gangreneand it is characterized by many important pathological complications as Hypertension; Retinopathy; Nephropathy and Neuropathy.Objectives –Biofilm form by Bacterial isolate isolated from DFUandstudy their correlated with many important factors as gender; age; type of Diabetic; Duration of ulcer and complication of diabetes such as Hypertension; Retinopathy; Nephropathy and Neuropathy.Material and methods –From 72 diabetic patients with DFUwho attended the canter forEndocrinology and Diabetes were collected swab samples ,used classical conventional techniques to culture all sample and Gram staining followed diagnostic by Vitek system, so biofilm detection by microtiter plate (Mtp), as well as the complication of diabetic were diagnosis by specialized physician.Results –Total of diabetic foot patients were males dominant over (73.3% ) than female (26.3%) , second age group of 41- 60 years were most prevalence (54.4%) whilst (21%) in third age group (>61),So produced biofilm high percentage (54.4%) in male ,but (15.8%) in female as well as the second age group (41-60 ) have high form biofilm  (55%) whereas  both the first and third age group ( < 41 and > 61) have low percentage (22.5%), andtype ІІ more than type І in both duration (>10 year and < 10 year ) as ( 49 , 24.6 %) respectively in type ІІ ,and  ( 8.8 , 17.5 %) respectively in type І , and biofilm formation was (15.8 %) of the bacteria isolated DFUof patients with diabetes type І whilst ( 54.1%) in type ІІ ,so biofilm were formed predominantly by diabetic patients with Nephropathy (30 % ) followed diabetic patients with Hypertension   (28  % ) and Neuropathy ( 24.5% ) , whilst only ( 17.5 % ) with retinopathy  , Soboth E.col and Klebsiella pneumoniae  to be equally responsible for diabetic foot ulcer as percentage (20%) successive followed by  Staphylococcus aureus (14% ) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(10% ).Conclusion –Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in males dominant over females also biofilm produced in male more than female and maximum number of DFU belonged to second age group of 41- 60 years,so second age group have high form biofilm than others, as well as type ІІ more than type І in both duration (>10 year and < 10 year),as well as Biofilm form by bacteria isolated from DFU of patients with diabetes type І more than type ІІ.Biofilms formed predominantly by diabetic patients with Nephropathy followed diabetic patients with Hypertension   and Neuropathy as well as both E.col and Klebsiella pneumoniae to be equally responsible for diabetic foot ulcer.
Molecular study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from conjunctivitis patients
Authors: Abdul Kareem Al-makhzoomy Taghreed , Abdul Ameer Al-Kraety Israa
Published: August 2023

Bacterial conjunctivitis has a worldwide distribution, affecting persons of all ages and  both genders.The study aimed to genotyping determination of methicillin resistance gene in S.aureus .Thus,35 conjunctival swabs were collected from patients suffering from conjunctivitis were attended to Hospital in Al-Najaf province . The PCR amplification results for the predominance of S. aureus antibiotic resistance genes show that :  The ( mecA) gene     ( methicillin resistance gene) was found in 10 (45.45% ) of isolates
Taxonomic Study of the New Record Epilobium anatolicum Hausskn. subsp. anatolicum (Onagraceae) in Iraq
Authors: Sh. Sardar Abdullah
Published: August 2023

EpilobiumanatolicumHausskn. subsp. anatolicum is a new record from Onagraceae family in Iraq, present in Hasarost mountain (north-east of Erbil) in Rowanduz district (MRO). The identification of the plant specimens confirmed by the keys in the available references, Morphological description was done, and some distinguishing characters are given. Pollen grains characters have been studied such as shapes, colors, sizes, surface ornamentation and numbers.In addition, some features of the leaf and stem anatomy have been examined.
Antioxidant role of Lactobacillus sp isolated from honey bee against histological effects of Ochratoxin in vivo.
Authors: A.Hmood Khadeeja , Hameed Habeeb Anmar , Ibrahem Al-Mhnna Khatam
Published: August 2023

Abstract In this study One hundred honey bee worker were collected from two sites in AL-Diwanyia Governorate include Eastern Hamza and AL-Daghara city during April 2017. to detect antioxidant role of some bacteria isolated from honey bee gut workers against Ochratoxin.   Based on biochemical tests, the results show that out of one hundred samples of honey bee workers were screened, only Seventy isolates were isolated ,and the genera  lactic acid bacteria ( Lactobacillus kunkeei   ,lactobacillus plantrum and lactococus lactis) were highly abundant in honey bee gut . we examined protective role of Lactobacillus kunkeei   in reduce histological effects of Ochratoxin A, the results showed treated animals with  L. kunkeei. mixed with OTA showing not found any histopathological changes in liver and kidney.while treated animals with OTA only appear several pathological changes ,in kidney tissue this changes include :vascular congestion , dystrophy and the disappearance of the glomerulus in  addition to cell necrosis  of glomerulus.and cell necrosis, vascular congestion and loss of normal structure of liver.
Breast Cancer Survival Rate; Clinico-Pathological Correlation in Duhok
Authors: Hassan Hussein Zihel , Ilias Yalda Mayada , Ali Haji Djwar , Qais Faraj Tamara
Published: August 2023

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a common cause of cancer related death, yet the efforts to follow-up patients in developing countries are humble. This study aims to establish a primary percentage of the 7-year BC survivors in Duhok province and correlate it to the age and the main histopathological features at time of diagnosis; including the tumor size and the status of the lymph nodes (LNs).

Material and method: A total of sixty BC patients were included in this follow-up study, all of them were diagnosed in the histopathological department of the central lab in Duhok before 2013. The survival rate was estimated by contacting the survived patients or the families of the late BC patients.

Results: The study reported 7-year survival rate of 30%. Mortality was significantly higher in patients younger than 40 years and in patients equal or older than 50 years. Most of the patients (86.7%) had tumor size equal or greater than 2cm at time of diagnosis. Mortality was significantly higher when the tumor size was greater than 5 cm. About 78.3% of the patients had positive LNs. Mortality in these patients was only slightly higher (70.2%) than those presented with negative LNs (69.2%). Conclusion: The high percentage of mortality in the first 7-years and the high percentages of patients presented with large tumor size and positive LNs at time of first diagnosis require a special attention and further follow-up studies.
The Implementation of “Internationalization at Home” In a Chinese Research University: An Empirical Study from the Student Perspective
Authors: Yao Jiayi , Jia Le , Yi Xuejin
Published: August 2023

The disruption of traditional internationalization of higher education due to the pandemic has arisen more awareness of internationalization at home, an effective pathway surpassing spatial mobility. This study aims at depicting the implementation of internationalization at home in one of the top Chinese research universities and revealing the influential factors that affect students’ participation in international-related activities. This study conducted online questionnaires and adopted 174 high-quality responses. The results show that: (1) students’ global cognition and the university’s international atmosphere and resources have a significant positive impact on students’ participation in international activities. (2) their global competence and the understanding and basic knowledge of internationalization at home have a non-significant but positive effect. (3) however, students’ global awareness and teachers' global competence have a non-significant negative impact on students’ behavior. Based on these results, the university still needs to find ways to convert students' enthusiasm into actual participation, and a higher level of internationalized faculty is highlighted.
The Use of E-Learning Technologies as a Predictor of Students Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor Lga, Rivers State
Authors: Dorathy Wagbara Chinyere , Sambo Adiela Uchechukwu
Published: August 2023

This study examined the use of e-learning technologies as predictors of students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor LGA of Rivers State. The study was guided by three objectives, three research questions and hypotheses. The population of the study comprised of 14,769 academic staff and SS2 stydents of all the 37 public senior secondary schools in Port Harcourt and Obio-Akpor LGA of Rivers State. The sample size for this study was 1477 respondents, representing 10% of the entire population. The sampling technique was a proportionate stratified random sampling. The instruments were questionnaire and teacher made test, used for the study to generate date. The instruments were validated and it reliability were tested using Kuder Richardson method, which yielded coefficients of 0.84 and 0.82 for The Use of E-learning Technologies Scale (TUETS) and Teacher Made Test Scale (TMTS) respectively. The research questions were answered with the use of simple regression, while the hypotheses were tested with t-test associated with simple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the use of laptop and tablet computers predicts students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Rivers State to a low extent, while smartphone as e-learning technologies predicts students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Rivers State to a high extent. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that the government who are the owners of public secondary schools should ensure that all schools have functional laptop computer laboratories, accessible to both teachers and students with trained personnel to help them acquire relevant ICT skills that will aid teaching and learning process for improved academic performance of students. Also, parents should explore all positive means to provide smartphones, constant strong Wi-Fi connection, browsing data, constant power supply for students with strict monitoring by the school PTA to guide, orientate and control students on how they can use the smartphones available to them to their own advantage, as all of these will enhance effective academic learning activities with minimal distraction.
Influence of Negotiation Conflict Management Strategy on Teachers’ Productivity in Secondary Schools in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya
Authors: Kariuki Virginia Wahu , Chumba Sammy , Wambua Kyalo
Published: August 2023

Conflicts are a common phenomenon in any given organization including the school system where there is human interaction. There has been persistent public concern on declining teachers’ productivity in public secondary schools in Uasin Gishu County. This is partly attributable to conflicts. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of negotiation conflict management strategy on teachers’ productivity in public secondary schools in Uasin-Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted correlational research design and targeted 156 principals and 1783 teachers from 156 public secondary schools. Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination formula was used to attain a sample size of 427 respondents. The study employed purposive sampling, stratified and simple random sampling approaches. Data was collected using questionnaires. The study used mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages and Pearson Correlation Analysis to analyze data which was presented in tables. The study found out that there was a significant positive correlation between negotiation and teachers’ productivity (r = .525; p = .000) in secondary schools in Uasin-Gishu County. The paper concluded that there was a significant positive correlation between negotiation as a conflict management strategy and teachers’ productivity in secondary schools in Uasin-Gishu County showing that negotiation conflict management strategy positively enhances teachers’ productivity in secondary schools. The paper recommends that principals of secondary schools need to adopt conflict management approaches that strongly advocate for negotiation of all arising issues to ensure that compromise is easily reachable. This could be helpful in guiding management decisions and choices as to the most effective conflict management strategies to apply to resolve existing workplace conflicts.
Effect of Sequencing of Items and Test Anxiety on Students’ Academic Performance
Authors: Akugri Fataw Sule
Published: August 2023

The sequencing of items and test anxiety on students’ performance on multiple-choice tests was investigated. Data was collected from 105 students from the College of Education for the study. A quasi-experimental design was used and 50-test item questions were used for data collection. One-way repeated measures analysis of variance, independent t-test, and Two-way ANOVA were used. The results show that there was an effect of item sequencing on student performance. Moreover, test anxiety affected student performance. Furthermore, the result found that there was an interaction between the sequencing of items and test anxiety on student performance. The study, therefore, recommended that tutors in Colleges of Education should use Easy to Hard item order. The study further recommended that tutors should encourage students to develop appropriate learning habits that will minimize their anxiety when taking tests. Finally, the study recommended that Colleges should organize seminars for tutors on how to manage students’ anxiety. Scholars Middle East Publishers
The Impact of Role Ambiguity on Team Performance Inside a Startup
Authors: Cininta Ratu Amanda Tiana , Wisesa Anggara
Published: August 2023

The pet industry in Indonesia is a massive emerging industry with lots of target markets to serve. A study estimated that around 67% of Indonesians have pets in 2022, and the number is increasing annually. The phenomenon drove a new startup, Catalogy, to connect pet owners to pet care businesses. However, as a first time business founder, job assignment can be trickier than it seems. A job description is essential to ease job assignment processes inside an organization, yet not every role can receive desirable job assignments. As role ambiguity arises, it is crucial to examine why role ambiguity occurs and how it influences a startup. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method to gain insights from various startups. Four startups and Catalogy team members were interviewed to answer the research objectives. From the analysis, there are five factors which trigger role ambiguity: (1) Organizational size, (2) Employee capabilities, (3) Team composition, (4) Job division, and (5) Team management. Furthermore, these five qualities of role ambiguity significantly affect on the overall team performance of the mentioned startups.
Application and Relevance of the Orton Gillingham Structured Literacy Teaching Approach to Pupils with Specific Learning Disabilities in Kenyan Public Primary Schools
Authors: Suleh Everlyn Oluoch- , Ombara June
Published: August 2023

The Kenyan Government through the Ministry of Education has since independence been committed to improving education and inclusion of children with audio, visual, physical and mental disabilities. Despite the fact that considerable change and growth have been realized since the ratification of treaties such as United Nation Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), the implementation of inclusive free and appropriate education for learners living with Specific Learning disabilities still remains a challenge. This limits the potential of students with specific learning disabilities especially in mainstream classrooms, to acquire basic literacy skills including spoken language, reading, writing, spelling and comprehension. Literacy skills are key in determining performance in other subjects taught in the school curriculum. The overall objective of this study is the exploration of the application and relevance of the Orton Gillingham structured literacy teaching approach to pupils living with dyslexia in Kenyan public primary schools. This qualitative study used content analysis to explore appropriate teaching methodology to pupils with such challenges. The study analyzed various studies that have been done on the appropriateness and effectiveness of the Orton Gillingham method and its application and relevance to the Kenyan school context.
Risk Factors Associated with Preeclamptic Women: A Case- Control Study in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital (DMCH)
Authors: Sultana Rifat , Yasmin Elora , Eva Saima Yeasmin , Shampa Lima
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Preeclampsia, a dangerous condition characterized by high blood pressure during pregnancy, poses risks to both mothers and infants. Understanding the risk factors associated with preeclampsia is essential for effective prevention and management. This study aims to identify and investigate the potential risk factors contributing to preeclampsia in women, with the goal of improving the health outcomes of expectant mothers and their babies. Methods: This study was a case-control study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). The study period spans from 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2019. The study population consists of 100 participants, including 50 pregnant normotensive women as the control group and 50 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia oreclampsia as the case group. The Ethical clearance of this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Results: Out of 100 patients, the control group consisted of 30% individuals aged 21-25 years, while the case group had 32% individuals aged 16-20 years. The mean age for the control group was 23.11 years (SD 5.9), and for the case group, it was 24.5 years (SD 6.3). The distribution of study patients based on risk factors reveals statistically significant differences between the control and case groups for the variable’s "gravidity" and "antenatal care" (p < 0.05). The case group had a higher proportion of primigravida (first-time pregnancy) and irregular or no antenatal care. However, no significant differences were observed for the variables "family history of hypertension" and "gestational age" (p > 0.05). In terms of clinical parameters, the case group exhibited significantly higher prevalence of proteinuria at all levels (1+, 2+, and 3+) compared to the control group. The blood pressure readings, both systolic and diastolic, were also significantly higher in the case group. Moreover, the case group had significantly lower serum calcium levels than the control group. These differences were statistically significant with p-values indicating p<0.01 o p< 0.001. Basis on the results the significant risks factors associated with Preeclampsia were observed, Gravidity (p=0.05), Antenatal care (p=0.05), Proteinuria (p=0.001), Blood Pressure-Systolic(mmHg)(p=0.001), Blood Pressuredystonic (mmHg) (p=0.001), Serum Calcium Level (mg/dl) (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study observed Gravidity, Antenatal care Proteinuria, Blood Pressure - Systolic (mmHg), Blood Pressure - dystonic (mmHg), Serum Calcium Level (mg/dl) were the significant factors associated with the Preeclamptic Women in Bangladesh.
Risk Management Governance and Sustainable Financial Performance
Authors: Alshehhi Sulayyem Ahmed Rashed Sulayyem
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The paper analyzes the efficacy of risk management governance, which takes the form of a dedicated risk governance committee and the executive board with the CRO. It illustrates which aspects of risk management and governance are crucial for the banks' financial performance. It also emphasizes financial sustainability through risk management and governance. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative research approach is employed with secondary data from published and reliable sources. Regression analysis is employed for estimating the impact, and a t-test is performed for estimating the difference. Findings: It concludes that the financial performance measured using returns ratio significantly differs among the banks with the executive board having a CRO and the executive board having an absence of a CRO. The financial performance variable taken as a function of the bank's corporate governance variables assumes a positive and significant impact. It infers that risk governance can lead to sustainable financial performance. Research Limitations and Implications: This study contributes to the risk governance structure of banks. The future work should consider different samples and extended risk-based variables for more implications. Originality: The banks performance with a risk management approach in South Asian economies after the global crisis is a valuable addition to the corporate governance of banks in the studied countries. The comparative analysis of banks with and without the role of the CRO is a unique contribution in the provided setting.
Tourism as an Engine for Economic Diversification: An exploratory study of Saudi Arabia’s Tourism Strategy and Marketing Initiatives
Authors: Mir Rasiya Nazir , Kulibi Tghreed Ahmed
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the importance of economic diversification for the Natural resource rich nations with a special focus on Saudi Arabia. The paper will concentrate on Saudi Arabia’s efforts to achieve diversification by investing in tourism industry. Natural resources are the real wealth of nations. The availability of resources can directly influence a country's ability to grow. But at the same time a nation's economy may suffer significant and unfavourable repercussions if it is overly reliant on one or two resources, this phenomenon is called as “resource curse”. Economic diversification must therefore be successfully implemented for an economy to enjoy long-term prosperity. Saudi Arabia has made notable efforts in diversifying its economy to reduce its reliance on oil and mitigate the resource curse. With tourism industry being one of the largest non-oil contributors and one of the biggest jobs creating sector, the Saudi Arabian government recognizes the importance and ability of the tourism industry and considers it as one of the prime drivers in efforts of diversifying the economy. The paper will analyse role of tourism marketing in establishing a growing and glowing tourism sector. Finally, we examine the Saudi Arabian government's tourism marketing initiatives and the results it yielded.
Estimation of Surface Water Vapour Density and its Variation with other Meteorological Parameters over Akure, Nigeria
Authors: O Akpootu D. , M Momoh , Z Abdullahi , M Umar
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the monthly variation of Surface Water Vapour Density (SWVD) with meteorological parameters of monthly average daily mean temperature, relative humidity, surface pressure, cloud cover and sunshine hours during the period of thirty-eight (38) years (1979 - 2016) for Akure (Latitude 7.280N, Longitude 5.300E, 375m above sea level) were investigated. The daily variation of surface water vapour density for the two distinct seasons considering two typical months in each during the period of year 2014 was examined. The results showed fluctuation in the amount of surface water vapour density in each day of the month for the period under investigation. The monthly average daily values indicated that the surface water vapour densities are greater during the rainy season than in the dry season. It was observed that the maximum average value of surface water vapour density of 20.1019 gm-3 occurred in the month of September during the rainy season and minimum value of 15.5110 gm-3 in the month of January during the dry season. The highest value of surface water vapour density was observed on the 4th of June, 2014 with 26.3320 gm-3 and the lowest on the 31st day of December, 2014 with 6.0276 gm-3. The comparison assessment of the developed two variable SWVD based models was carried out using statistical indices of coefficient of determination (R2), Mean Bias Error (MBE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Percentage Error (MPE), Nash – Sutcliffe Equation (NSE) and Index of Agreement (IA). The developed multivariate correlation regression model that relates pressure and precipitable water vapour with R2 = 100%, MBE = -0.0177, RMSE = 0.0179, MPE = 0.1034, NSE = 99.9956% and IA = 99.9989% was found more suitable for surface water vapour density estimation with good fitting and therefore can be used for estimating surface water vapour density in Akure.
Investigation of the Earth’s Albedo using Meteorological Parameters over Nguru, Nigeria
Authors: O. Akpootu D. , M. Umar , Z. Abdullahi
Published: August 2023

Estimation and investigation of an earth’s albedo is significant in the evaluation and design of solar energy collectors, atmospheric radiative transfer and studies that relates to atmospheric thermal balance. This study employed the shortwave solar energy balancing at the edge of the Earth’s atmosphere to estimate and compare the variation of albedo for Nguru situated in the Sahelian region of Nigeria, using measured monthly mean daily meteorological parameter of global solar radiation obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) during the period of thirty-eight years (1984 – 2021). The variation of albedo with surface temperature, maximum wavelength, clearness index, global solar radiation, relative humidity and mean temperature for this location was investigated. The results in this study show that the estimated surface albedo depicts a direct opposite relationship with the clearness index, an inverse relationship with the emitting Earth’s surface temperature and a direct relationship with the wavelength for the studied location. The highest and lowest values of albedo for the location was in the months of August and January with 0.4628 and 0.3403 respectively. The emitting Earth surface temperature ranged between 238.5837 K in August and 251.1607 K in January. These values agreed closely to the standard emitting Earth surface temperature value (255.0000 K). The maximum emitting wavelength values for the location revealed that the radiation is longwave and is found within the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Cardiac Involvement in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Rumi Md. Ahsan Ullah , Baset Md. Abdul , Ahammad Mostaque , Bhuiyan Md. Mamunur Rashid , Haq Md. Enamul
Published: August 2023

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis can lead to heart disease, including aortic incompetence, conduction defects, mitral valve disease, cardiomyopathy, and pericarditis. Early detection of cardiac abnormalities is crucial for effective treatment and prognosis, as they increase with age, disease duration, and peripheral arthritis presence. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the type, prevalence, and extent of cardiac involvement in patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Methods: The study were collected in the Department of Medicine and Rheumatology units of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. Diagnosis was established based on clinical features, physical examinations, and relevant laboratory and imaging studies. Patients with a history of rheumatic fever, syphilis, or those who declined participation were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 80 patients with ankylosing spondylitis underwent clinical examination, electrocardiography, and echocardiography to assess cardiac involvement. Among the participants, eight patients (10%) were found to have aortic insufficiency. Two patients had both aortic insufficiency and first-degree heart block, one had only first-degree heart block, and one had mitral insufficiency. Presents the cardiovascular manifestations detected in 12 patients (14%) with ankylosing spondylitis. Peripheral arthritis was present in 64% of the 12 patients with cardiovascular lesions, compared to only 34% of the 68 patients without such lesions. Conclusion: This hospital-based observational study investigated cardiac involvement in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Due to the small sample size, definitive conclusions were difficult to make, but the findings suggest that cardiac involvement is relatively common, emphasizing the need for early detection of cardiac abnormalities for effective treatment and prognosis.
Ectopic Spleen with Segmental Portal Hypertension, About a Case
Authors: Sabar Drs J. , Traoré M. , Settaf A.
Published: August 2023

Ectopic spleen is a condition in which the spleen does not sit in the left hypochondrium but has an atypical, often pelvic, location. We report the case of a 35-year-old patient suffering from chronic abdominal pain for 11 years associated with an episode of hematemesis, pollakiuria and dysuria, with anemia and notion of multiple transfusions. Abdominal ultrasound found an ectopic spleen in the pelvic position, enlarged in size, with multiple collateral venous circulations and extensive partial thrombosis of the splenic vein. A total splenectomy by midline laparotomy was performed. Perioperative exploration found a bulky pelvic spleen with a long and tortuous splenic pedicle, involuted in 3 turns without splenic infarction. When the splenic artery is clamped, the colonic and gastric varicose veins lose half their diameter, so the decision is made to perform total splenectomy. Post-splenectomy antibiotic prophylaxis and vaccination was administered. The follow-up was favorable, with a follow-up of 4 years. The patient was then lost sight of.
Hepatic teratoma: Case Report
Authors: Traoré Drs M. , Sabar J. , Settaf A.
Published: August 2023

Hepatic teratoma is an extremely rare tumour. Since 1898 only 28 cases of hepatic teratoma have been reported in the literature, including 21 in pediatrics. The diagnosis is often confirmed by the anatomopathological study and the therapeutic approach is multidisciplinary based essentially on surgery. We report the case of a 45-year-old woman with a history of ductal carcinoma of the right breast for which she underwent surgery. The patient presented with pain in the right hypochondrium, a diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the liver was made based on a cystic image of the right liver on ultrasound. It showed a heterogeneous thin-walled cystic image in the right liver suggesting a type IV hydatid cyst. The MRI was in favor of a fluid lesion of the hepatic dome evoking a remodeled hydatid cyst. During surgery, the liver was found of normal size and segment VIII is the seat of an oval formation 70/60 mm in diameter. A resection of the cystic formation with a closed cyst was performed. Histological analysis concluded with the diagnosis of mature teratoma with no signs of malignancy. After a follow-up of 12 years, the patient is in good health and without recurrence.
Ileocolic Intussusception on Ileal Lipoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Youssef Elfellah , Rahal Pr Mssrouri , Moustapha Traoré , Sabar Jihane , Mohamed Pr Hamid , Jalid Pr Mdgahri , Benamr Pr said
Published: August 2023

Acute intestinal intussusception is a rare condition in adults. In the majority of cases, it is secondary to a tumor, which can be benign or malignant. Intestinal intussusception caused by a lipoma is exceptionally rare. We report a case of ileocolic intussusception caused by an ileal lipoma.
The Use of Oral Antidiabetics in Heart Failure: A Promising Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Kalkoul H. , Lehachi S. , Chettibi M.
Published: August 2023

This article examines the use of oral antidiabetic agents in the treatment of heart failure. Heart failure is a serious condition that is often associated with diabetes mellitus, which worsens the prognosis for patients. Oral antidiabetic agents, such as SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, have recently gained increasing interest due to their potential beneficial effects on cardiac function. Clinical studies have shown that these medications reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, decrease hospitalizations for heart failure, and improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure, whether they are diabetic or not. The mechanisms of action of these medications include blood pressure reduction, improvement in endothelial function, modulation of cardiac energy metabolism, and reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. While these findings are promising, further research is needed to better understand the long-term effectiveness and optimization of the use of these medications in the context of heart failure.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Self-Medication in Two Health Districts in Douala, Cameroon: Bonassama and Cite des Palmiers
Authors: Loé Gisèle Marie-Marguerite Etamé , Ayuk Doretta Egbe , Caroline Ngo Nyobe , Ludwine Ngah , Yinyang Jacques , Ngoule Charles Christian , Sone Bertin
Published: August 2023

Aims: The World Health Organisation defines self-medication as the act of selection and use of medicine by individuals to treat self-recognized illnesses and symptoms or by health professionals to use drugs not prescribed by the treating physician. WHO has reported a prevalence of self-medication of 32.5% to 81.5% worldwide. In Cameroon a prevalence of 67,8%, and 41,9% has been reported in some studies. This study sought to assess the socio-demographic characteristics, prevalence, associated risk factors and the common medications of self-medication at the Bonassama and Cite des Palmiers Health Districts of Douala, Cameroon. Place and duration of the study: the study was conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 in two health districts in Douala, Bonassama and Cite des Palmiers. Methodology: It was a descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic, reasons for self-medication, class of medications commonly self-medicated data was collected. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses will be made by Chi square and Fisher’s exact test and reported as odd ratios, adjusted odd ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 83% of participants carried out the practice of self-medication. One of the major reasons for self-medicate was the fact that they thought that the illness was not serious with a prevalence of 46,6%, followed by cost saving (33,2%). The most common disease treated by self-medication was headache (81,5%), and the most represented class of drug were analgesics (84,7%); drugs were bought in community pharmacies (64,7%) and illicit market (44,9%). The statistically significant reasons for self-medication were cost saving, convenience, not serious illness, prior experience, long wait times in hospitals and accessibility of pharmacies. Conclusion: Self-medication is a widespread practice throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. This study has illuminated the prevalence and causes of self-medication in our environment. The prevalence of self-medication is high due to several factors and arguments, including cost saving, convenience, illness was not serious, prior experience, long wait times at hospitals, and availability of pharmacies.
Toxicity Studies and in vivo Antiplasmodial Evaluation of Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Terminalia avicennioides
Authors: Mustapha R. K. , Nafisatu A. M. , S Magaji A. , L Umma , Adoum O. A. , Rabil A. K. , A Aliyu , Abdulmumin Y.
Published: August 2023

Malaria is one of the most serious infectious diseases found in the tropics and subtropics. P. falcifarum resistance to almost all anti-malarial drugs has necessitated the search for anti-malarial compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the antiplasmodial effects of crude leaf and stem bark extracts of T. avicennioides, a plant utilized by traditional healers in Northern Nigeria to treat malaria and other ailments. Brine shrimp lethality (cytotoxicity) assay and acute toxicity were also evaluated, which are considered a useful tool for preliminary assessment of toxicity in plant extracts. The median lethal dosage (LD50) was calculated by administering different doses of the extract (100–4000 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to three groups of three mice each for 24 hours and observing the animals for physical sign of toxicity. Three models were employed to assess the extracts antiplasmodial effectiveness in vivo against the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei: suppressive, curative, and repository. The leaf and stem bark extracts were found to show significant toxicity to brine shrimp larvae of Artemia salina in the brine shrimp lethality test with LC50 values of >1000 and 29.6 respectively. Excitation, paw licking, and death were symptoms of acute toxicity of the extracts based on physical and behavioral observations. Death was recorded at 1000 mg/Kg of the stem bark extract and the LD50 is ≤100 mg/Kg body weight while for the leaf extract it was estimated to be ≤600 mg/Kg with no death record. In vivo evaluation revealed that the extracts significantly (P <0.05) reduced parasite count in all models (suppressive, curative and prophylactic), with high average percentage inhibition of parasitaemia (54.68, 58.67 and 65.61%) seen in both T. avicennioides leaf and stem bark extracts, which was comparable to that produced by chloroquine and artesunate, respectively (64.31&93.1; 70.08&80.67; 63.40&75.20%). Both extracts had moderate antiplasmodial activity and were non-toxic to mice and brine shrimps. This finding validates the plant's traditional use in malaria treatment.
Correlation of Severity of Depression with a Novel Inflammatory Marker: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio
Authors: Hans Agam , Kundal Tanu , Atreja Charu Batra , Kaur Parneet , Marria Shivam , Sanjukta Sanjukta
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Many new inflammatory markers are being extensively used recently for assessing the severity and prognosis of chronic conditions. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) because of its simplicity and affordability stands out. Its applicability to psychiatric disorders specifically Depression is an eye-opener. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), a clinician-based scoring system is better among other self-scoring systems where the study population is semi-illiterate. Materials and Method: Total of 80 patients over a period of 1 year presenting to psychiatric OPD with depressive symptoms were evaluated for the severity of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) using HAM-D scale. A score of 7-17, 18-24 and >25 was categorised under mild, moderate, and severe degrees respectively. NLR was calculated and was correlated with their severity. Statistical analysis was done using PSPP software and p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the 80 patients 45 were females and 35 were males. The average age was 35.41 years ± 10.13 SD. 23 patients categorised under mild depression had mean NLR of 1.56 ± 0.46 SD, 40 patients with moderate depression and 17 patients with severe depression had mean NLR of 2.70 ± 1.08 SD and 4.62 ± 1.31 SD respectively. The mean value of NLR for patients of severe depression lied in the Mild-Moderate Inflammation zone (3-7). P-value was <0.05 and was considered significant. Discussion: A novel and easy biomarker like NLR can be as useful as assessing Inflammatory Cytokines like IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-α for assessing the severity of MDD. Rise of cortisol in persistent stress favours an increase in neutrophils and a reduction in lymphocytes, and thus, increased NLR. Thus, a rise of NLR with increasing severity of Depression could become a robust tool in future for predicting mortality and severity in patients suffering from MDD.
Building a Stronger Future: Empowering Nurses to Design Modules for Integrated Curriculum in Nursing Education
Authors: Manzoor Saira , Saggu Yasmeen
Published: August 2023

Background: The successful implementation of an integrated curriculum in nursing education has been hindered by challenges, primarily faculty resistance due to a lack of familiarity and expertise in integrated module designing. To address this crucial issue, it is essential to empower nurse educators with the necessary knowledge and skills to embrace and implement an integrated curriculum effectively. This project aimed to enhance participants' knowledge of integrated module designing in nursing education through a training workshop. Methodology and Findings: A pre-experimental single-group pretest-posttest design was employed to assess the participants' knowledge before and after the training workshop. The study involved thirty nurse educators from various cities in Pakistan. The effectiveness of the training workshop regarding integrated module designing was evaluated using the paired t-test, revealing a significant difference with a p-value of 0.001. The results indicate that the participants' knowledge increased significantly after attending the workshop. Recommendation: To further reinforce the integration of different subject areas, it is suggested that nursing colleges organize follow-up workshops for facilitating the successful implementation of an integrated curriculum in nursing education.
A Case Report with Two-Year Follow-Up of Auto-Transplantation Tooth
Authors: AL-Sareti Ahmed Mohammed A. , Sharrahi Haitham Mohammed H. , Daghreeri Faisal Abduh A. , Moaleem Mohammed M. Al
Published: August 2023

Autotransplantation of a maxillary premolar tooth is a considerable option for tooth replacement in young adult patients, while Hemisection is a conservative way of preserving teeth. In this case report, we describe successful autotransplantation of the mesial root of the mandibular molar to replace the first maxillary premolar with complete root formation. The donor root was immediately placed at the recipient site and splinted for 14 days. Root canal treatment (RCT) was initiated 3 weeks after transplantation. Clinical and radiographic findings at 24 months of follow-up are compared with the results described in the literature. In case of non-extraction, adjacent teeth can be preserved in an economical way, also, case selection is essential in performing sequences of procedures for the success of treatment.
Utility of Immunofluorescence in Cutaneous Vasculitis
Authors: Pant Anil Dev , Pokharel Nitesh Raj
Published: August 2023

Vasculitis may be due to various causes, including connective tissue disorders, medications, and infections. Histopathology shows similar features in different diseases so DIF (direct immunofluorescence) helps to categorize these vasculitic lesions on basis of positivity of different immunoglobulins. In this study, 40 cases of suspected vasculitis were confirmed by histopathology. Females were more commonly affected and the age range was from 9 to 71 years. Among these cases, 21 were immune complex mediated vasculitis of which c3 and IgG were the most commonly found immunoglobulins. Two of these cases were IgA mediated vasculitis. DIF was of great importance for the diagnosis of the disease for appropriate treatment.
LIQUID WASTE PROCESSING FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY, CASE STUDY PT. XYZ
Authors: Halim Abdul , Yudiastuti Silvia Oktavia Nur , Pangestu Danar Pujo
Published: August 2023

Processing of liquid waste needs to be done before the waste is suitable for disposal into the environment, so it does not pollute the environment. The purpose of wastewater treatment is to reduce BOD and COD levels, mixed particles, and kill pathogenic organisms. In addition, wastewater treatment also aims to remove nutrients, toxic components and materials that cannot be decomposed. In handling liquid waste, there are many ways and methods that can be used to treat the liquid waste properly. PT. XYZ uses a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), which is an installation specially designed to treat industrial waste water. Physical, chemical and biological processes are applied to the WWTP. This paper aims to review these processes in the WWTP used. PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company engaged in the food sector, which produces ice cream products with various variants and flavors. But besides producing products with good quality, PT. XYZ is also able to process its waste properly. PT. XYZ there are two kinds of solid waste and liquid waste
Digitalization Of Kedai Industry: Analysis of The Role of Internet Marketing Orientation and Innovation on Marketing Performance
Authors: Darmawan Didit , Sari Putri Nur Laila , Jahroni Jahroni , Halizah Siti Nur , Mardikaningsih Rahayu
Published: August 2023

The digitization of the store industry has become an increasingly important trend in today's digital era, and internet marketing orientation and innovation are considered key factors in achieving competitive advantage in a digital environment. This study aims to analyze the role of internet marketing orientation and innovation in digitizing the shop industry and its impact on marketing performance. This study used a quantitative analysis method using primary data collected through a survey of shop owners and managers in Waru District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java. The research sample consists of 50 shops that have carried out the digitization process. Sampling used accidental sampling which was then analyzed with multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis show that internet marketing orientation and innovation have a significant positive effect on marketing performance in the digitalization of the tavern industry. More specifically, the effective use of social media and e-commerce platforms increases the visibility and accessibility of stores, thereby increasing the number of customers and sales volume. In addition, product and process innovation in store digitization can increase differentiation and operational efficiency, which in turn affects customer satisfaction and business profits.
SMOKE DETECTION DESIGN USING MQ-2 SENSOR AND EXHAUST FAN BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER
Authors: Adi Winarno  , Widodo Widodo , Hanif Darmawan Rahmat
Published: August 2023

Clean air is a very important requirement for life on earth, especially for humans. Nowadays people are competing to maintain air quality in their environment by using Air Conditioners (AC). The use of air conditioning in the home environment without us knowing that the air we breathe is contaminated with smoke. The smoke in the air-conditioned room cannot escape because the room is always closed. As a result, the smoke content that cannot escape is very dangerous, so a prototype of an indoor smoke detector is made using the Arduino microcontroller and the MQ-2 sensor as a smoke sensor. If smoke is detected by the MQ-2 sensor, Arduino will turn on the bazzer and fan.
Enhancing Climate Adaptation Through Hybrid Energy Systems
Authors: Rahul Kumar Jha
Published: August 2023

This review investigates the potential of hybrid energy systems in bolstering climate adaptation within power generation. By seamlessly integrating renewable energy sources with conventional counterparts, these systems offer heightened resilience against climate extremes. This research analyses the multifaceted benefits, address challenges, and present optimization methodologies, emphasizing the interdisciplinary essence of such integration. Case studies showcase the real-world applications. This synthesis underlines the imperative for collaborative efforts across climatology, engineering, and policy domains. The insights garnered guide future research in optimizing hybrid configurations, thus fostering climate resilience and propelling sustainable energy advancements.