bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Non-Reciprocal Receive Array with Large Beamwidth and Gain
Authors: Kornprobst Jonas , Mittermaier Thomas J. , Eibert Thomas F.
Published: June 2022

A non-reciprocal self-mixing receive antenna array is presented. First, the principle of the self-mixing concept is explained and it is found that self-mixing receivers achieve a large gain over a wide angular range, which is in contrast to reciprocity. In the second part, the design of a 4×2 antenna array operating from 34 GHz to 39 GHz including the receive amplifier and mixer is introduced. Measurements in an anechoic chamber verify the simulation results, showing promising results for future applications of self-mixing arrays with a wide angular receiving range.
SPECTRAL-SPATIAL CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES WITH MULTI-LEVEL CNN
Authors: Chhapariya Koushikey
Published: June 2022

In recent years, deep learning methods have significantly increased the classification accuracy of remotely sensed images. However, most of the methods focus only on spectral information ignoring the spatial information, thus extracting only low-level features from a hyperspectral image. In this study, a multi-level 3-dimensional convolutional neural network (3-D CNN) has been proposed. The 3-D CNN serves the purpose of including both spatial and spectral information. The multi-level architecture consists of varying kernel sizes to extract features at different levels. This helps in distinguishing classes from multiple spatial scales and aspect ratios. We have evaluated the performance of the proposed approach on four standard hyperspectral datasets to verify the generalisation ability. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, an improvement of 2% − 5% in overall accuracy and kappa coefficient has been observed. The effect of spatial window size on classification accuracy has been analysed as well in this study. Furthermore, in comparison with the former deep learning models, our approach is found to be less sensitive to the network parameters and achieves better accuracy even with lesser network depth.
A Dystopian Future: Social Oppression and Religious Extremism in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale
Authors: Nibras Jawad Kadhim
Published: June 2022

Many literary research papers have dealt with the work of Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1985) as a feminist work. However, nearly few studies combine social oppression with religious extremism. To bridge this gap, the present study aims at exploring the use of totalitarian theocracy of terror to oppress its citizens in the name of religion. In other words, it explicates the way religion is used to brutally suppress and exploit people in general and vulnerable women in particular. To meet this objective, the study adopted the qualitative descriptive method to describe how religion is used as a contradictory controlling means in Gilead discourse. It also adopted the Foucault theory in analyzing the data of the study, illustrating the means of terror in the novel, and identifying the features of the Gileadean regime. The study has concluded that the plight of women does not happen in a vacuum. It is a result and a reflection of people's past and present times. It is the extremist religious discourse that almost always contributes to violence and oppression. Finally, the Republic of Gilead highlights a common point between the dark and modern ages where the female citizens lived under the oppressive patriarchal government.
Using Online Platforms to Improve Writing
Authors: Shahad Saleh Al Asadi  , Nasser Al-Issa
Published: June 2022

Due to the difficulties that Iraqi students face when writing in the English language, this preliminary study aimed to improve students' writing skills by using online platforms remotely. Sixty first-year students from Al-Furat Al–Awsat Technical University participated in this study. Through these platforms, the researchers relied on stimuli, such as images, icons, and short titles to allow for deeper and more accurate participations. Data were collected through corrections, observations, and feedback from the researchers and peers. In addition, two pre and post-tests were conducted. The quantitative data were analysed by SPSS statistical Editor, whereas the qualitative data were analyzed using the Piot table, an Excel sheet. The results have shown improvement of more than (0.5). This indicates that the study is effective and beneficial for the Iraqi students. Moreover, students were generally satisfied with the experience, as it allowed them to easily communicate, research and rely on themselves when learning to write in English as a foreign language. In addition, semiotic awareness and learning via e-learning platforms can be greatly adopted in teaching English in Iraq. The study has further concluded that there is an improvement in the performance of the Iraqi learners, and that their writing skills were enhanced after the improvement of their semiotic awareness. The is, the improvement of their semiotic awareness has deepened their understanding and enhanced their ability to analyze and criticize. It also developed their communication skills and motivate them to write better and search for details
The Importance of Utilizing Euphemism in Translation and Simultaneous Interpreting
Authors: Hala Ghanim Mohammed  , Mawadda Raheem Kokaz
Published: June 2022

Euphemism is an important linguistic phenomenon that tends to soften written or oral expressions. Thus, when translators or interpreters face expressions including euphemism, they need to know how to deal with them. The problem of the current paper lies in the effect of rendering euphemistic expressions inaccurately, as such expressions represent the cultural and terminological sense of the original language. Thus, rendering them improperly will affect the sense of the interpreted speech. For this, it is essential for translators in general and simultaneous interpreters in particular to know the importance of utilizing euphemism in the simultaneous interpreting field, which is the main aim of this paper. To this end, a systematic review has been adopted by shedding light on euphemism types suggested by Williams’ (1975), and euphemism functions suggested by Wijana and Rohmadi (2008), and Nordquist (2018). Some examples were drawn from the common euphemistic topics in which euphemistic expressions and their translation were discussed. This study has concluded that to convey the sense and cultural meaning of the original euphemistic expression, simultaneous interpreters must be aware of the types and functions of such euphemism. This is because the previous knowledge of them plays a positive role in the performance of simultaneous interpreters.
The Reality of Teachers’ Use of Modern Technologies in Teaching Arabic as a Second Language in Terms of Objectives and Selection Foundations at the Institute of Arabic Language in Umm Al-qura University Mamoun Eltigani Hassan Eldali
Authors: Mamoun Eltigani Hassan Eldali
Published: June 2022

This study aims to know the degree of importance and the availability of the enhancing specifications of the educational process, and the way its objectives are achieved. Such a step involves using educational techniques, laying the selection foundations, knowing the methods of their employment and tracking the obstacles that limit this employment in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. To achieve these objectives, the study followed a descriptive approach, and collected the necessary data through an integrated questionnaire prepared for the purpose of describing the phenomenon or topic. This approach was adopted, as it is characterized by being comprehensive, focuses on collecting data related and necessary to the topic under study. It further suits research papers that deal with educational problems. The study has concluded that modern educational technologies are highly recommended to be used in teaching languages. Such technologies further meet the learners’ needs in terms of achieving special and behavioral goals, supporting the educational content, and activating the teaching methods to achieve the general goals of the educational process if attention was paid to the way they are used and to their governing rules. The study has also concluded that the most important obstacles in teaching using technology are lack of training, ignorance and lack of knowledge of the methods and of employing them in the educational situation. The study has recommended the necessity of having a good preparation for the educational process based on technology, and working to provide, update and follow-up on its maintenance. More so, the interest in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers through employing modern technologies in proportion to its elements and skills should be enhanced.
Content Analysis of Social Studies Book at the Secondary School in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Curricula System- Joint Program) in the Light of the Cultural Intelligence Dimensions
Authors: Lulwa Ali Ibrahim Al-hanaki
Published: June 2022

The study aimed at recognizing the availability of the cultural intelligence dimensions in social studies book at the high school in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (curricula system- joint program). The study used the descriptive approach and content analysis method. As tools of the study, the study adopted a list of cultural list of indicators and dimensions that suits the secondary stage social curricula. It further adopted a content analysis form designed to analyze the social studies book in the secondary school in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study has reached several results, the most significant results were: There is a difference in including the cultural intelligence dimensions in social studies book at high school in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (curricula system- joint program). The cognitive dimension is the most included dimension with a frequency of 2497, representing 14%. However, the motivational dimension is the second with a 1019 frequency that represents 29.99%. The  third and the last is the behavioral dimension with a 259 frequency, i.e., 6.86%. The results of the study have illustrated the existence of a disparity between the book units in incorporating the cultural intelligence dimensions. This is because the second unit has come first with a frequency of 845 (i.e., 22.38%) while the forth unit was the sixth and the last with a 516 frequency (i.e., 13.66%).
The Degree of Social Studies Teachers’ Knowledge of the Dimensions of Citizenship Education at Basic Education Schools in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Humaid Muslem Said Alsaidi  , Ahmed Saeed Nasser Al-Hadhrami  , Fahad Abdullah Mohammed Al-Buloshi
Published: June 2022

Citizenship education is the effective educational tool in building a citizen who is able to participate in building his country. This can only come through the educational efforts that teachers make in the classroom. Such a step requires teachers to have knowledge of citizenship education, its principles, and the foundations for its development. Thus, the study aims to examine the degree of social studies teachers' knowledge of the dimensions of citizenship education at the basic education schools in the Sultanate of Oman. It also aims to examine its relationship with a set of variables. The researchers used the quantitative descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the study. It further adopted a test tool, which consisted in its final form of five areas: citizenship knowledge, rights and duties, national identity, community partnership, and global and digital citizenship. The test was divided later into (38) multiple-choice questions. After verifying the validity and reliability of this tool, it was applied to a sample of (200) male and female teachers. The results of the study have shown that the degree of knowledge of social studies teachers in citizenship education was average, reaching the arithmetic level of (57.67%). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences in the level of knowledge of social studies teachers of citizenship education with respect to the variables of gender and educational qualification in the fields of citizenship education. Accordingly, the researchers have recommended that the citizenship education course should be included in teacher preparation programs at public and private universities in the Sultanate of Oman. Moreover, the concepts and principles of citizenship education should be included in the school curricula.
The Predictive Ability of the University Grade Point Average in the Specialized Test Score for thAbility of the University Grade Point Average in the Specialized Test Score for the Teacher Position in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Sharif Alsoudi  , Mohammed Al Saqri  , Ibrahim Al Wahaibi
Published: June 2022

the most important purposes and uses of the test results in the educational sector. This is because the quality of tests is related to their ability to predict the learner's behavior in the future, and the accuracy of the educational and administrative decisions that are taken in light of their results. The study aimed accordingly to reveal the predictive ability of the university Grade Point Average (GPA) in the Score of the specialized test for the position of teacher in the Ministry of Education in the Sultanate of Oman. It further aimed to investigate the differences in the predictive ability according to the specialization and academic year using the descriptive approach. The sample of the study consisted of (349) s/he students enrolled in the educational qualification diploma program at A'Sharqiyah University, who took the specialized test for the position of teacher. The results of the study indicated that the GPA explains (13%) of the variance in the result of the specialized test for the position of teacher. In addition, there are statistically significant differences in the percentage of GPA in the result of the specialized test for the position of teacher to the scientific specialization and in favor of the humanities. Besides, there are no differences in this percentage due to the variable of the academic year. The study has recommended to continue using the SET for the employment purposes and admission to the educational qualification diploma program  after making some improvements on it.
Ukrainian contribution to soviet historical and party science: analysis of anniversary editions the second half of the 1950s
Authors: Doiar Larуsa
Published: June 2022

The presented article actualizes the scientific research of Ukrainian Soviet historical science in the field of studying the history of the Communist Party of Ukraine — one of the largest detachments of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which ruled the republic for over seventy years. The article is devoted to Ukrainian-language collections of scientific works of the second half of the 1950s, concluded in honor of the anniversaries revered in the Ukrainian SSR, in particular, the 50th anniversary of the First Democratic Revolution in Russia (1905—1907), which had its largest area in Ukraine, and the 40th anniversary of the First (Constituent) Congress of the Communist Party of the Bolsheviks of Ukraine (KP(b)U), which took place in July 1918 in Moscow. The theme of the events of 1905—1907 in the South-Western Territories of the Russian Empire preserved in school and university courses on the history of Ukraine, according to the author, needs to expand the source base for detailing events, their personification and an objective vision of causation. The study of events related to the formation of the Communist Party of Ukraine also fits into the context of studying no less relevant topic of modern educational courses on national history, namely, the section "Ukrainian national-democratic revolution of 1917 and the struggle for Ukrainian statehood 1918—1921". Based on the principles of objectivity and comprehensiveness in historical research, the author considers it necessary to involve a wide range of works on these topics — this, at the same time, strengthens the historiographical contours of the study and significantly enriches the information and factual content. It should be noted that the works used in this article from the funds of the Book Chamber of Ukraine named after Ivan Fedorov, given their removal from the extensive library network, are currently rare.
Analysis of the situation with book publishing and pricing: the experience of Germany
Authors: Senchenko Mykola
Published: June 2022

Today, during the pandemic, the book industry, as never before, needs to monitor the economic and financial situation, relevant analytical information, study strategies for the development of leading market players, anti-crisis measures and assess their effectiveness. The article on the example of Germany shows that even in a pandemic, publishers were able to maintain their potential and successfully print and sell books.
Famous philosopher, scientist, teacher
Authors: Sheyko Vasyl , Loshkov Yriy , Kukharenko Natalia
Published: June 2022

Mykola Vasyliovych Dyachenko is full of creative ideas, puts into practice the rich experience of a scientist - organizer of scientific and educational work, teacher.

In particular, in recent years from the talented pen of the scientist came works:

Dyachenko NV Roman Stoics: Seneca, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius. The experience of reading: a monograph / Nikolai Dyachenko. - Kharkiv: Savchuk OO, 2014. - 154 p.

Dyachenko NV Just to live: (philosophical essays, essays) / NV Dyachenko. - Kharkiv: Ed. Alexander Savchuk, 2017. - 243 p.

Dyachenko NV Roman Stoics: Seneca, Epictetus, Marcus Aurelius: the experience of reading: a monograph / Nikolai Dyachenko. - Beau Bassin: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing RU, 2018. - 154 p.

Seneca LA On the philosophy of life: thoughts, aphorisms / Lucius Anne Seneca; introduction. art., comp. text NV Dyachenko. - Kharkiv: Publisher Alexander Savchuk, 2021. - 176 p.
Cooperative Model and Transformation of Sub-Sahara Africa’s Pandemic Economies: An Appraisal and Strategic Options
Authors: Ojiagu Ojiagu , Cordelia Nkechi
Published: June 2022

Transformation has been widely adjudged as the major index, for social change which is best applied to pandemic economies for resilience. This is necessary for people to live within the planetary boundary to prevent cynical consequences. Nowhere is the need for a transformation shift greater than in Sub-Saharan Africa where the region is assumed by extant scholars and true shreds of evidence to be the worst in virtually all of the most important social and economic indicators. The region's ugly circumstances were further exacerbated by COVID 19 pandemic thereby highlighting the fragility and complexity of the region’s socio-economic system. It becomes imperative to demonstrate the urge for an innovative solution conducive to universal values which will protect and sustain economic prosperity. This is ultimately embedded in Cooperative Model. The paper is a qualitative study involving the appraisal and strategic options of transformation in the region through the Cooperative Model. It is concluded that the region’s leadership adopts a more innovative growth model through strategic alliances, networks and joint ventures with cooperatives to salvage the region.
Role of Homoeopathy in Home Based Newborn Care (HBNC) practices in UP and India
Authors: Tripathy Dr. Tridibesh , Das Shankar , Devata Dr. Lipipuspa , Kar Dr. Manjushree , Dwivedi Rakesh , Gautam Dr. Mohini
Published: June 2022

A newborn struggle in the first month of his or her life as is evident from mythology that Lord Krishna too had a turbulent neonatal stage. The struggle of newborns continues in India even today and that too in the state of UP even today. The current Neonatal Mortality Rate in India is 22 per 1000 live births (UNIGME, 2019), 24.9 as per NFHS 5 (2019-2021) & for the state of UP, it is 35.7 (NFHS 5, 2019-2021). The high neonatal mortality both in India and UP stand as a testimony to this fact as reducing this indicator is a priority. The current article focuses on the initiatives of the role of homoeopathy in public health system to address neonatal mortality. Basically, there are two approaches to reduce neonatal mortality. These are Home Based Neonatal Care (HBNC) practices and the Facility Based Neonatal Care (FBNC) practices. The article focuses exclusively on the first approach which is HBNC .There are three objectives of the article. The first is to find out the current status of Homoeopathy in the HBNC practices, the second is to find out the details of the current & past implementation strategies and the third is to find out the link between Homoeopathy & HBNC practices. The study uses secondary data. The gap that the article worked on is to explore a link between Homoeopathy & HBNC & its modalities. It deciphers whether there is a functional link or not & suggests future strategies based on the functionality of the link. The article also proposes a 2 year plan to introduce homoeopathy in the field of newborn care where all the related stake holders of the state & national level will be involved. It will be a step in the right direction to fulfill the plans to achieve the SDG by 2030 especially for neonatal & infant mortality related goals. For the benefit of the readers, the article includes its expected outcome, relevance to society & policy making through the context of the identified issues & the research gap. Through all these sections, the current ......
Cultural Conflicts in E. M. Forster’s A Passage to India: A Postcolonial Perspective
Authors: Habib Md. Jakaria
Published: June 2022

E. M. Forster’s novel A Passage to India is often regarded as a masterpiece. In the novel, Forster focuses on personal relationships rather than political themes like colonization and the dominance of British forces in India. He fosters that love, affection, and intimacy are the ideal vehicles for bringing the native Indian and the Anglo-Indian closer together, but he has a lot of trouble portraying the events since the Indian in A Passage to India keep on desiring freedom from British domination and rule. Colonialism is a form of control that entails the enslavement of one person by another. The British colonized India leaves their mark on many aspects of life and culture. For this purpose, this article would like to examine Forster’s treatment of the colonial concerns between the east and west through the art of characterization and plot construction.
Care of Patients who Presented Severe Burns from Flammable Liquid Following the Explosion of a Gasoline Tank Truck on the Outskirts of Niamey
Authors: M Gagara, , S Chaibou, M. , H Daddy, , A Alassane,
Published: June 2022

Aim of the study: To evaluate the care, at the National Hospital of Niamey, of patients who suffered severe burns following the explosion of a petrol tank truck. Patients and methods: It was a descriptive and analytical prospective study that took place from May 6 to August 8, 2019. All the patients, victims of the explosion, who were taken care at the National Hospital of Niamey were included in the study. Our data were entered and analyzed by computer software such as Epi info 7.2.3.1, Word Office and Excel Office 2016. Fischer and Pearson tests were used, with a significant value p<0.05. Results: The explosion concerned 104 people of which 55 (52.95%) were died, charred and unrecognizable. There were 41 (39.4%) patients with burn injury and 8 (7.7%) with smoke intoxication. 35 (71.43%) of the patients were taken care at the National Hospital of Niamey. The average age of the patients was 23.45 years with a sex-ratio (M/F) of 16.5. The average skin burnt area (SBA) was 57.12%; 3rd degree burn predominated with 71.87%. Hydro electrolytic resuscutation according to Parkland Hospital formula was the most used in the care of the patients with 87.5%. The most frequent localisation concerned the pelvic limb with 84.37%, the death rate represented 57.14%. The extend of skin burnt area, the depth of the burn, the Baux score value and the time at which death occurred were all significant factors that are associated with the mortality with respectively p=0.008; p=0.002 et p=0.003. Conclusion: The explosion of the gasoline tank truck showed our limits in care at the HNN. The establishment of a white plan for the management of massive influxes, the creation of a burns center as well as prevention through information and education of the population is more than necessary.
Proximate Composition, Phytochemicals Evaluation and Characterization of Aqueous Fruit Extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (Desert Date Palm)
Authors: Sarki S. I. , Abdulmumin T. M. , Murtala M. , Abdulmumin Y. , Muhammad A. I. , Ismail. S.Y , Bichi S. A. , Dalhatu M. M. , Abubakar A. L. , Shehu A. M. , Sheshe S. M. , Abdullahi A. N.
Published: June 2022

Background and objectives: The plant kingdom has proven to be the most useful in the treatment of diseases and they provide an important source of all the world’s pharmaceuticals. Balanites aegyptiaca is an evergreen plant containing large varieties of chemical substances which possess important therapeutic properties and can be utilized as food supplement. The aim of the study was to carry out proximate, phytochemicals and identification of chemical compounds using aqueous fruit extract of Balanites aegyptiaca. Methods: The proximate and phytochemicals analysis were carried out by standard protocols of AOAC, While The phyto-constitutes of Balanites aegyptiaca aqueous fruit extract were determined by Gas Chromatography (Agilent 6890 series) coupled with HP-5MS column mass spectrometer. The helium was used as carrier gas at a flow of 1.0ml/min. The identification of the constituents of aqueous fruit extract was performed by matching their mass spectra and retention indices with those obtained from authentic samples and/or NSIT/Wiley spectra libraries, using different types of search (PBM/NIST/AMDIS) and available literature data. Results: The phytochemical analysis reveals that the aqueous fruit extract of Balanites aegyptiaca contained flavonoids (288.33+3.01 mg/100g), tannins (20.50+0.4mg/100g) saponin (320.90+10.28mg/100g), Glycoside (163.92+0.33), steroids (36.40+0.80mg/100g), alkaloids (78.67+1.03mg/100g) and phenols (227.43+1.01mg/100g) while Terpenoids and Anthraquinones, Anthocyanines were found to be absent. The proximate analysis of the fruits of Balanites aegyptiaca; revealed that the moisture content was 2.3±0.2%, crude protein 3.2±0.08%, crude fibre 16.4±0.5%, lipid content 3.1±0.7, carbohydrates 72.6±1.6% and ash content 2.4±0.2%. The GC-MS Analysis shows the presents of many important organic compounds in which three were reported to have biological activity this includes Benzene, [(methoxymethoxy)m ethyl]-, Undecanoic acid Hexadecanoic acid, ....
Why Should We Pay Attention to Interest and Mindset Meaning Systems?: The Direction of the Career Education of Gifted Students for Creative Giftedness
Authors:   The Korean Creativity Education Association, Park Sunhee
Published: June 2022

In order to propose the direction of the career development of gifted students, this article examined the relationship among flow experience, interest, and midnset meaning systems as critical factors for creative giftedness. For the purpose of this article, first, the author defined the concept of giftedness as creative giftedness and suggested that it is important to discover areas of interest as the beginning stage of career development of gifted students. Next, the author stated the importance of flow experience for creative achievement as the final stage of the development of creative giftedness. The author also emphasized the importance of maintaining and developing interest to experience flow state. Furthermore, a growth mindset meaning system is a psychological factor to overcome any difficulty in the face of academic challenges and setbacks and to increase the likelihood to develop the interest and experience flow state. Finally, the author proposed that interest portfolio and mindset interventions can be used as means for the career development of gifted students in educational practices.
Exploring the Knowledge Structure of Creativity and Career Research: A Keyword Network Analysis
Authors:   The Korean Creativity Education Association, An Donggun
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trunds of creative career development studies and suggest a future direction for the studies by exploring the knowledge structure of creativity and career research. A total of 494 keywords were selected from 2211 research papers conducted in South Korea during the past 20 years from 2002 to 2021 that simultaneously considered creativity and career. Then, a network analysis including centrality and community analysis. Results showed that the keywords with high degree centralicy were cretivity, job satisfaction, job crafting, job outcomes, creative behavior, and so on.
The keywords with high betweenness centrality were creativity, job satisfaction, job crafting, college students, creative characteristics, and so on. In the results of community analysis, five subgroups were formed focusing on mathematics creativity (isolated node), creative problem solving (elementary students, career development, career resilience etc.), creativity (college students, creative characteristics, career maturicy, career preparation behavior etc.), early childhood teachers (job stress, teaching creativity, teaching efficacy etc.), and job satisfaction (job outcomes, job crafting, creative behavior, job engagement etc.), respevtively.
There were differences in research subjects, creativity forms, and career development factors that each subgroup was dealing with, and these differences provide importang implications for exploring the direction of creative career development studies according to the characteristics of individial subgroups. Theoretical and practical implications and future directions were discussed.
Early high dose versus low dose parenteral amino acids administration in the preterm infants: A meta-analysis
Authors: Dian Tan Fransisca , Letrero Maria Balerrie Rodriguez
Published: June 2022

Objective: Preterm infants may face difficulty on getting the nutrition required for growth due to incompetence of sucking and immaturity of the gastrointestinal. Preterm infants require higher amounts of amino acids and protein to support the growth of lean body mass and tissue. Administrating amino acid supplementation during the first hour of life is the key to preventing early neonatal malnutrition and can be beneficial in the growth of the neonates.
Objectives: Aim of this study is to determine the effects of early high dose parenteral amino acids administration versus low dose in preterm infants from all collected studies.
Methods: This is a meta-analysis study that studies were collected MedLine, PubMed, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials comparing early high dose parenteral amino acids versus low dose. High-quality studies, as assessed by Jadad Criteria, were used to evaluate outcomes such as anthropometric data, length of hospital stays, and morbidities.
Results: A total of 9 Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with total of 960 participants were included in the analysis. Analysis of these studies showed a statistically significant reduction in the time to regain birth weight in the group of early high-dose amino acids administration in the preterm infants. Reductions were 0.79 day (MD 0.79 day, 95% CI 0.06 to 1.52 day; participants = 655; studies = 6; I2 = 0%) (P= 0.03). It also showed a statistically significant reduction in the length of stay with a reduction of 2.09 days in the early high-dose parenteral amino acids groups (MD 2.09 days, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.17 day; participants = 500; studies = 5; I2 = 0%) (P= 0.0002). No significant difference in morbidity of each group was found.
Conclusion: Administration of early high-dose amino acids reduced the time to regain birth weight and the length of hospitalization in preterm infants. The analysis did not show any significant increase in the risk of morbidity.
ВПЛИВ ГЕОПОЛІТИЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ НА РОЗВИТОК ТУРИЗМУ
Authors: Бащак М. М.
Published: June 2022

У статті висвітлені чинники геополітичної нестабільності, що впливають на розвиток міжнародного туризму. Висвітлено і схарактеризовано потенціал світових туристичних потоків як геополітичного фактора впливу, структура якого відображає та впливає на тенденції міжнародних взаємодій. Розкрито основні геополітичні чинники, що безпосередньо впливають на динаміку і розподіл туристичних потоків. Серед них – політичні перевороти, терористичні акти, військові конфлікти. Висвітлено країни та регіони, які за підрахунками експертів Інституту досліджень конфліктів у 2022 році втягнуті в конфронтацію та глобальні конфлікти. Розглянуті основні індекси, що відображають рівень безпеки та загроз у різних країнах світу на основі індексів миру, тероризму і недієздатності держави та висвітлюють статистичні данні, щодо політичної ситуації в різних країнах і регіонах світу. Названо найбезпечніші та найнебезпечніші туристичні напрями. Охарактеризовано загальні тенденції розвитку міжнародного туризму, роль та місце України на міжнародному туристичному ринку. З’ясована частка туристичного потенціалу України та Росії на міжнародному туристичному ринку. Підкреслюється, що військово-політична агресія з боку Росії та загострення українсько-російських міждержавних відносин має серйозний економічний вплив і може стати проблемою для консолідації відновлення туризму. Розглянуто туристичний потік в Україні на період 2009-2020рр. та виділені основні фактори, які впливають на туристичний попит в’їзного туризму і обмежує виїзний туризм під час воєнного конфлікту. Виявлено, що сучасна динаміка туристичного потоку в Україні характеризується різким зменшенням обсягів міжнародних відвідувачів, зниженням темпів розвитку туристичної діяльності та переформатуванням структури в’їзного та виїзного туристичного потоку. Робиться висновок, що геополітичний аспект є дуже важливим у функціонуванні туристичної індустрії, а геополітична нестабільність видозмінює ринок туризму, що може слугувати додатковою можливістю для розвитку туризму.
METHODOLOGY OF ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM INDICATORS
Authors: Калініченко С. М. , Заїка С. О.
Published: June 2022

International tourism is one of the defining sectors of the world economy, which is developing dynamically, because for many countries it is important in the formation of gross domestic product and employment. Tourism affects key areas of the economy, accelerating their socio-economic development. At the same time, the development of tourism is also influenced by a combination of different factors, in particular: demographic, natural-geographical, socio-economic, historical, religious, political and legal and others. The importance of international tourism as a source of foreign exchange earnings, expanding international relations, increasing employment is constantly growing. At the same time, the further development of international tourism, its impact on the economies of countries requires a thorough characterization, which makes it necessary to improve the methodology of its analysis. The analysis of indicators of international tourism is carried out to assess its contribution to the development of the economy of each state, including determining the impact on the balance of payments; identification of the main directions and trends in the development of tourism enterprises to strengthen the material and technical base of tourism, marketing research and promotion of tourism products to potential consumers. The study aimed to develop a methodology for analyzing indicators of international tourism to assess its effectiveness. The study found that the development of international tourism and its regulation are based on detailed analytical information. Although today the methodology of calculating the system of indicators of international tourism is largely formed, its availability does not ensure the compatibility of information at the global level, as international tourism is in different countries at different stages of development, which causes some differences in the system of indicators and methods. The WTO recommendations, which are the only methodological basis for the analysis of international tourism, do not exclude the presence of certain national characteristics and provide for the need for further study of key indicators to ensure the possibility of international comparisons and reliability of the information.
Evaluation of Risk Factors for Cardiac Complications After Lung Resection
Authors: Özgür Yücel , Ulukol Zeynep Nilgün
Published: June 2022

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate cardiac complications (CC) and risk factors associated with these complications in patients after lung resection.
Methods: Cardiac complications were observed in 136 (11.4%) of 1186 patients who underwent lung resection in a single center between 2017 and 2020. 136 patients who developed complications in the same period and 215 patients who had consecutive operations and did not develop complications were included in the study
Results: 287 (81.7%) of the patients were male and the mean age was 58.9 years. There is a statistically significant relationship between cardiac complications after lung resection with geriatric age, male gender, presence of hypertension (HT), presence of lung cancer, neoadjuvant therapy, high SOFA score, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). In addition, CVA, EF<60%, neoadjuvant therapy, pneumonectomy, high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFA) and intraoperative blood transfusion were found to be independent risk factors for the development of complications. Among the intraoperative factors, pneumonectomy (p<0.001), thoracotomy (p=0.002), intraoperative blood product use (p<0.001) and inotropic use (p<0.001) were correlated with CC. In multiple logistic regression analysis, preoperative thyroid disease (p=0.04), CVA (p=0.001), neoadjuvant therapy (p=0.002), EF<60% (p=0.01), pneumonectomy (p=0.003), intraoperative blood transfusion (p<0.0001) and high SOFA score (p<0.0001) emerged as independent risk factors affecting the development of cardiac complications.
Conclusions: There is significant relationship between cardiac complications after lung resection with geriatric age, male sex, HT, lung cancer presence, neoadjuvant therapy, high SOFA score, COPD, CVA presence. In addition, CVA, EF< 60%, neoadjuvant therapy, pneumonectomy and high SOFA score and intraoperative blood transfusion were identified as independent risk factors in the development of complications.
Relationship Between Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Level and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Severity
Authors: Safçi Sinem Berik , Aydın Leyla Yılmaz , Memişoğulları Ramazan , Admış Özlem , Cangur Sengul
Published: June 2022

Aim: The repetitive hypoxemia can induce oxidative stress mechanisms. Oxidative stress increases serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). To investigate the relationship between serum levels of ADMA and OSAS severity.
Methods: 330 patient’s records, who underwent overnight poly-somnography (PSG) were retrospectively examined. The patients who had an abnormal serum glucose, lipid, thyroid, renal and liver function tests levels, had excluded. 72 patients had participating criteria. Patients were categorized into five groups according to apnea/hipopnea index (AHI). Measurement of ADMA levels were performed by ELISA kit.
Results: The mean age was 44,19 ± 14,24 years. 31,9 % of the patients were female. Patients in normal group, severe, medium, mild and positional–REM dependent OSAS group were 26,4%, 25%, 6,9 %, 16,7% and 25%; respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between AHI and ADMA (r= 0,483; p<0,001). Appropriate cut-off criterion was set at 1,39 for ADMA. Sensitivity for this value was 73,58 % (95 % Confidence Interval (CI): 61,71- % 85,45 %) and specificity was 94,74 % (95 % CI: 84,70- % to 100%). Accuracy or correct classification rate was found to be 79,17 %. The positive predictive value was 97,5 % and negative predictive value was 56,25 %. The positive likelihood ratio (LR +) was 13,98 (LR + > 10) and the negative likelihood ratio was (LR-) 0,28 (R- <1).
Conclusions: ADMA was found to be a strong and good diagnostic tool among patients with normal levels for glucose, lipid, TSH, creatinine and liver function tests.
The Design of Infant Warmer with Simple Blue Light Therapy LED Addition
Authors: Ridhani Fatahah Dwi , Ahniar Nur Hasanah , Usman Ansor Ibrahim , Putra Moch. Prastawa Assalim Tetra , Atmadja Suharyati
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a result of experiment on adding built-in blue light therapy on a purpose built infant warmer. Blue light therapy are often used in case of jaundice and usually a separated unit with added complexity. The blue light assembly was LED based that placed along the heater bar, placed on its aluminum strips and spaced to prevent being affected by the heater. Blue light LED specification was an SMD 5730 dimension with 465nm wavelength driven at 160mA at 12V for the three clusters of LED. Measured light output was around 618-716 lux and measured at the bed area with good uniformity for area under the heater bar at around 60-69 lux. There was another bottom blue LED source but the effect was negligible. The system uses a 10A maximum current source of 12V power supply exclusively for the LED arrangement and another 3A maximum current source of 5V power supply for supplying the rest of the control systems. The LED was controlled by a switch button and monitored for its activation by means of measuring the voltage difference with resistor circuits through the button switch. It works as intended.
From Online Learning to Digital Transformation The New University Normal
Authors: Jhurry Dhanjay , Rampersad Rubina D
Published: June 2022

The advent of the worldwide web and progress in the information and communication technologies in the 1990s have boosted online learning and the use of digital platforms. The transformation of the web from a repository of hypertext documents to a highly interactive communication medium, accompanied by a shift in learning theory from the traditional educational theory of behaviourism to that of cognitivism and constructivism supported by technology and tools such as digital libraries, has immensely contributed to the effectiveness of online learning, the benefits of which are now unchallenged. The adoption of online learning requires a well-structured approach and continuous adaptation to a fast-changing environment. This chapter expands on the University of Mauritius’ experience in moving from distance education to online delivery through the training of staff and investment in infrastructure, in particular stressing the role played by the Centre for Innovative and Lifelong Learning, the Centre for Information Technology and Systems, and the digital library in that transformation, in addition to the quality assurance mechanisms which are put in place.
On Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals through Coproduction of Knowledge A Case Study of the Makers Valley Partnership
Authors: Lekaba Inolofatseng , Gumbo Trynos , Naidoo Kammila
Published: June 2022

While the inner city of Johannesburg in South Africa exhibits a considerable decline and disarray, it is simultaneously a site attracting investment, infrastructural change, and growth. An enabling and democratic space for multistakeholder partnerships is therefore vital, particularly one that is inclusive, mutually benefitting, and reflecting local validity. Drawing on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an analytical framework, the chapter explores the actions of a particular civil society organisation, the Makers Valley Partnership (MVP), that has established relations with several universities and entities to further sustainable development within Johannesburg’s inner city. In these endeavours, a systematic, participatory approach to enhance the coproduction of knowledge is advocated. The latter could address uneven power dynamics as evident in previous ways of working and thus help to attain the SDGs. With respect to collaborations between civil society and public libraries, the key concern here is whether such alliances can be meaningfully built to achieve a common goal. It is argued that libraries can potentially play critical societal roles in the way they partner with civil society organisations, groupings, and movements. The chapter concludes with emerging lessons, recommendations, and policy implications.
THE PLACE AND ROLE OF THE ALL BUKHARA CONGRESS OF THE PEOPLE REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HISTORY OF THE BUKHARA PEOPLE SOVIET REPUBLIC (1920-1924)
Authors: Khusanboy Madaminjonovich Muminov
Published: June 2022

The article provides information on the activities of congress of people’s representatives of All Bukhara, who determined the main milestones of the political, socio-economic and cultural development of Bukhara People Soviet Republic and Bukhara People Soviet Republic from 1920 to 1924.
KEY WORDS: All Bukhara, Bukhara People Soviet Republic, congress, cultural development, people’s representative, Moscow.
Gambaran Kesiapan Mahasiswa Program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka Pada Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam, Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia: Studi Kasus Pertukaran Mahasiswa Merdeka Dalam Negeri
Authors: Ulum Bahrul , Septayuda Tata
Published: June 2022

This study aims to describe the readiness of students to take part in MBKM, especially the Student Exchange Program (PMMDN) at the Islamic Education, University of Al Azhar Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that is focused on the implementation of the PMMDN program. Data analysis obtained from the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Faculty of Psychology and Education, Al-Azhar University Indonesia survey regarding MBKM were analyzed using descriptive analysis presented narratively. MBKM aims to encourage students to master various sciences and improve skills before entering the working world. In the light of the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the PMMDN program may develop leadership skills and soft skills of students who are able to interact with various backgrounds to increase unity and nationalism; providing learning experiences at other universities through a credit transfer system to strengthen and expand competencies; providing the experience of diversity through the implementation of the Nusantara module. The recommendation of this research is that the university can further increase the number of students who take part in the MBKM

Keywords - The Student Exchange, MBKM, Independent Campus, PMMDN