bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
843 – Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Patients With Panic Disorder
Authors: Kamaradova D. , Prasko J. , Cerna M. , Diveky T. , Grambal A. , Jelenova D. , Latalova K. , Sigmundova Z.
Published: July 2013

Panic disorder is a severe and often disabling condition with a lifetime prevalence rate of 4.1% to 8.8%. The treatment of choice is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Over past 20 years, behavioral, cognitive, and cognitive behavioral procedures (primarily exposure and cognitive reconstruction based treatments) were found to be effective in the treatment of panic disorder. CBT is the best studied non-pharmacological approach and can be applied to many patients, depending on its availability. CBT of panic disorder was most studied in individual setting, but group format of treatment could be also effective.

Method

We describe step by step the cognitive-behavioral group therapy of patients with panic disorder. We are explaning the concept of cognitive model of panic disorder, vicious circle, cognitive reconstruction, control of breathing and exposure. We also present personal experience with group cognitive-behavioral therapy and possible complications that may occur.

Results

The results of our research in this group concerning the efficacy of the program, changes in the heart rate variability during program and EEG changes (using sLORETA) are presented. We also try to point on possible complications that may occur during the therapy and coping with them.

Supported by: Project IGA MZ ČR NS 10301-3/2009
845 – Dual Diagnosis Of Anxiety Disorders And Substance Abuse: The Need For Awareness
Authors: Rady A. , Salama H. , Elkholy O. , Shawky A.
Published: July 2013

Background

The dual diagnosis of substance abuse and severe mental illness has been proposed by some authors to highlight the high frequency of such association. Our objectif was to determine the prevalence of dual diagnosis among mentally ill patients and and particularly Anxiety disorders patients. As a secondary purpose, to describe the profile of patient at higher risk to develop dual diagnosis.

Method

683 mentally ill patients were recruited from el Mamoura Psychiatric Hospital, they were assessed by the Arabic version of 6 item K6 scale, those scoring above 13 were submitted to a structured clininical interview SCID-I module for Anxiety disorders, urine screening for drugs of abuse and complete history of substance abuse and other medical disciplines.

Results

22% of the sample fulfill the diagnosis of dual diagnosis. 19.3% of the sample were schizophrenic, 17.42% among the later were fulfilling diagnosis of dual diagnosis. Results reveals higher risk for dual diagnosis in patients younger in age, single, low socioeconomic state and low level of education. Those having dual diagnosis tend to have early onset, longer duration of illness, poor compliance, higher rate of smoking and increased number of relapses. No difference among anxiety spectrum disorders regarding rate of dual diagnosis.

Conclusion

Double diagnosis is an important issue that needs more focus in mental health services. Awareness of mental health providers about dual diagnosis is highly recommended.
849 – Assessment Of Spirituality Among Opiates Addicts During Detoxification And During Different Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Rady A. , Salama H. , Molokhia T. , El-Nahas M.
Published: July 2013

Background

There's an increasing professional and popular interest in relation of spirituality and general health. Although mental health professionals have traditionally avoided concerns, evidence has been accumulating that people with mental illness attach significance to spiritual beliefs. In contrast, around 60% of psychiatrists report minimal interest in spiritual matters. Some authors found spiritual well being as an active relation with a higher power to be positively correlated to good mental health.

Method

Cross sectional comparative study design, 60 patients during detoxification and 60 patients in rehabilitation programs after detoxification, 20 in 12 step rehabilitation program, 20 in residential rehabilitation program and finally 20 in rehabilitation program with open group psychotherapy. Demographic data were collected and participants were subjected to spirituality subscale from substance misuse program philosophy questionnaire Arabic version.

Results

Response to the 6 questions of the spirituality subscale used to assess level of spirituality didn't show difference among the three groups, those during detoxification, those less than 3 months abstinence and those more than 3 months abstinence in rehabilitation program. Results show that spirituality is high during detoxification and throughout rehabilitation programs regardless model of rehabilitation program.

Conclusion

Spirituality is persistently high through out detoxification and residential rehabilitation program. Spiritually inspired psychological intervention may be of help during the whole course of management of opiates addicts.
851 – The Relation Among Characteristic Specialty And Happiness Feeling In Talasemi Persons (major)
Authors: Shafiei Amiri M. , Nazian Najafi M.
Published: July 2013

The object

The object of this research is to determine the relation among characteristic specialty and happiness feeling in Talasemi persons. (Major).

Materials and methods

The design of this research, is descriptive and correlation one. The society of research includes: All talasemi persons of major kind in which are treating in Amir kola Talasemi center in 2011 in which about 150 persons has been selected by simple collision sampling by the aid of Morgan table. We have used of Pierson correlation and multi-linear regression analysis in analyzing dates. Also, for gathering dates, referred persons completed five neo factors of characteristic questionnaire and oxford happiness questionnaire.

Findings

Based on regression findings, neo characteristic and happiness of talasemi person indicators is about 0.45 in which shows linear correlation among neo-characteristic and happiness variables in Talasemi persons in which there is meaningful relation among characteristic specialty. (Psycho-anger, extroverts, flexibility, agreeability, responsibility).

Conclusion

Among characteristic specialties, extroverts, flexibility, agreeability, responsibility, there is positive meaningful relation to happiness in which it means the less psycho-anger is equal to more happiness.
860 – Late-life Agoraphobia: a Hidden Cause Of Social Isolation And Suicidal Risk?
Authors: Ritchie K.
Published: July 2013

Agoraphobia in the elderly has received little attention, being considered to be principally a disorder of young adulthood. Clinical reports have suggested, however, that this form of phobia is commonly overlooked in the elderly; unwillingness to go outside the home being easily attributed to poor health and loss of social networks. Undetected agoraphobia in the elderly is highly unlikely to improve spontaneously, however, treatment of agoraphobia with cognitive-behavioural therapies and psychotropics has been proven to be highly successful at all ages.

As part of the ESPRIT study of life-time psychiatric disorder, 1968 persons aged 65 and above were randomly recruited from the electoral rolls of the district of Montpellier. Prevalent and incident agoraphobia diagnosed by a standardized psychiatric examination and validated by a clinical panel was assessed at base-line and over 4 year follow-up.

Results show agoraphobia to have a high prevalence in the elderly and unlike younger cases, late-onset cases are not more common in women, and are not associated with panic attacks, suggesting a late-life sub-type. Severe depression, trait anxiety and poor visuospatial memory are the principal risk factors for late-onset agoraphobia. Our findings argue in favor of a late-life sub-type.
861 – Social Phobia Among Medical Students
Authors: Ali S.K.
Published: July 2013

Background and objectives

Mental distress among medical students is often reported. Social phobia is a highly prevalent yet often overlooked psychiatric disorder that can cause severe disability but fortunately has shown responsiveness to specific pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence of social phobia problem and potential risk factors that may be associated with social anxiety among medical students.

Methods

The present study was designed to identify the manifestations and correlates of social phobia among medical college students. The sample for this investigation consists of 321 (170 female and 151 male) students aged 19-26 years. For detection of social phobia among the studied sample, we used Social phobia inventory which is a self rating scale that capture the spectrum of fear, avoidance and physiological symptoms. It demonstrates good test-retest reliability, internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity.

Results

The sample consisted of participants from all medical stages (this was a proportionate representative sample from each classes), 56% were from higher income groups, nearly 45% had their residence in hostel, 21.5% of the students had a SPIN score of 19 and more, mean social phobia was present in almost 22% of the population. There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence of social phobia with respect to gender, family income or type of residence.

Conclusion

Social phobia has a high prevalence and marked impact on life, early identification and adequate treatment by college counseling centers will successfully help in reducing the burden of this common condition.
871 – One Year Prospective Study Of Service Utilization Following Adolescent Psychiatric Urgent Clinic Assessment And Brief Intervention: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Roberts N. , Parker K.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

A full time urgent consult clinic was opened for adolescents presenting with risk to self or others. To date these adolescents have presented to ERs, held in the ER or admitted to the ward added to waitlists. This study is a part of a 1 year outcome study to examine whether urgent assessment and brief crisis intervention reduce ER visits, admissions and reduce the waiting lists.

Aims

a)

examine 3 month outcome after urgent clinic assessment

b)

examine variables that may affect outcome

c)

examine effect of urgent consult assessment and intervention on ER visits, admission, repeat presentation and waitlist for other child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinics.

Method

Adolescents 12 -17 years of age seen in the UCC will be given information sheet and consent form to participate. Data will be gathered on demographic variables and a number of other pertinent variables including reason for referral, suicidality previous contact with MH services, past psychiatric history, family history of psychiatric disorders, diagnosis and management. The patients will complete a mental health screen, CDI and Connors Questionnaire Parents will complete the CBCL. The data will be checked against ER contact,admissions and wait lists at 3 month post assessment. Data analysis will be conducted using SPSS.

Results

It is expected that there will be a decrease in the number of adolescents presentating to the ERs, a reduction in ER admission to the ward and a decrease in the numbers of patients on the Outpatient wait list.
875 – Can Food Be An Addiction? a Recent Debate
Authors: Castro L. , Conceição E. , Vaz A.R. , Osório E. , Brandão I. , Bastos-Leite A.J. , Machado P.P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Binge eating shares some similar clinical features with addictive disorders, such as impulsivity, altered reward sensitivity, and compulsive behavior. Some authors support the concept of food addiction for both conditions, whereas others argue against it.

Objectives

To review arguments in favor or against the concept of food addiction, and its relation with bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder.

Aims

To discuss and explore the concept of food addiction, and how it may be related to bulimic-type behaviors.

Methods

MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for peer-reviewed studies undertaking analyses of evidence in favor or against the concept of food addiction, published between 2000 and 2012, by using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms addictive behavior and bulimia.

Results

Several arguments in favor of the concept of addictive properties of food are present in many of the reviewed articles. However, many differences between substance addiction disorders and the so-called “behavioral addictions” are reported in the literature, underlining different neurobiological, psychological, and environmental mechanisms.

Conclusions

There is no consensus in the current literature regarding the concept of food addiction. Further studies concerning the issue are, therefore, warranted.
876 – Functional Studies In Bulimia Nervosa Using Food Stimuli: a Review
Authors: Castro L. , Conceiçáo E. , Vaz A.R. , Osório E. , Brandão I. , Bastos-Leite A.J. , Machado P.P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Compared to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa has received less attention on neuroimaging research. However, in the past decade, more functional resonance imaging studies were done to study bulimia nervosa, by using different types of paradigms, namely symptom-related paradigms.

Objectives

To review functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in bulimia nervosa using food stimuli.

Aim

To discuss recent contributions of functional neuroimaging to the understanding of bulimia nervosa.

Methods

MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles, published between 2000 and 2012, by using combinations of the Medline Subject Heading terms functional neuroimaging and bulimia nervosa. A selection of relevant papers to the aim of this review was carried out. The selected studies were reviewed with respect to type of paradigm, participant characteristics, main results, strengths and limitations.

Results

Most studies reported altered functional activation in the frontal, cingulate, temporal, and parietal cortical regions secondary to food-related fMRI paradigms in bulimia nervosa.

Conclusions

The reviewed studies suggest that bulimia nervosa is associated with functional imaging brain abnormalities.
879 – Psychological Stress Causes Relative Infertility Through Direct Change In The Frequency Pattern Of Gnrh Release From The Hypothalamus
Authors: Pirkalani K.K. , Talaee Rad Z.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The mechanism of psychological stress induced infertility is unknown.

Objectives

Evaluation of oscillation pattern of GnRH release by the hypothalamus in different mental states.

Aim

To clarify whether hypothalamic oscillation is the target of stress.

Methods

Twenty two patients were evaluated on four different sessions (day 6 and 14) within two consecutive cycles in addition to the MCMI-III and the Hamilton's depression scale.

Results

The pattern of oscillation was indirectly correlated with Hamilton scale and the anxiety state and showed statistically significant lowering of frequency during anxiety and depression states. Besides, the slope of GnRH between two consecutive sessions (d0GnRH0/GnRH1dt) showed also a prominent reduction and even flattening. In addition the time to ovulation was also postponed in cycles with prominent anxiety.

Conclusions

1.

Psychological stress exerts its effect through a reduction of pulsation frequency in GnRH release.

2.

The pattern of GnRH pulsation changes in the range of ¼ to 1/15 of baseline by external stimuli.

3.

Patients with borderline, schizoid, dependent, depressed and passive aggressive personality suffer most from irregularity of menstruation cycles.

4.

Patients with chronic major depression are subject to menstrual irregularity highest during stabilization of disease and in the early phases of recovery due to drug treatment with mostly SSRI.

5.

Treatment of depression of anxiety causes a reduction of menstrual cycles even to very short ranges.

6.

Measurement of GnRH, FSH, LH and Estradiol on two sessions one week apart is a nice marker for regularity and ovulation.
881 – Mutual Interaction Of Mood And Personality: a Transactional Model
Authors: Pirkalani K.K. , Talaee Rad Z.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Some personalities are more prone to mood disorders than others and treatment of mood disorders is more difficult in the setting of personality disorders.

Objectives

Many boots of depression attacks are without major life events. Personality disordered persons show earlier attacks of mood disorders in their life with a tendency to treatment resistance and early recurrence designing a model on mutual interaction of mood and personality might be very fruitful.

Aims

To find more practical risk factors for chronic depression and improving the prognosis of these patients.

Methods

Three hundred and fifty nine patients with major depression were evaluated with the MCMI-III and Hamilton's depression scale at diagnosis and 12 and 24 weeks after medical treatment. Two sixty patients group with comparable personalities were compared for receiving personality guided therapy or not.

Results

Personality disordered patients have a double chance of developing major depression during their lifetime as compared to normal persons as exemplified by their reference to our center. Hamilton's depression scale was reduced significantly more in personality normal patients than their disordered counterpart (p< 0.04). Those who received personality guided therapy fared also much better after 12 and 24 weeks after treatment.

Conclusions

We conclude that personality is a major risk factor both in developing depression and in reduced responsiveness to conventional treatments. Patients with premorbid personalities should receive more intensive drug therapy in addition to personality guided therapies. Personality acts both cis (in the same side) and trans (in the opposite side) of mood.
888 – Quality Of Life In Bipolar Affective Disorder And Recurrent Depressive Disorder In a Romanian Sample
Authors: Romosan F. , Ienciu M.L. , Romosan R.S. , Papava I. , Enatescu V.-R. , Bredicean C.A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Quality of life is negatively influenced in various degrees in both bipolar and recurrent depressive disorder, predominantly in the acute episode but also during remission.

Aims and objectives

To compare the degree of negative influence of the two nosological entities on quality of life of patients during remission.

Methods

78 outpatients diagnosed with recurrent depressive disorder, 67 outpatients diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder, according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria and 73 healthy subjects were selected for this study. The assessment of the subjects took place during remission (euthymia), between june 2009 and june 2012. As work-instruments we used the SF-36 Scale for assessing quality of life and the HAM-D Scale (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and YMRS Scale (Young Mania Rating Scale) to confirm remission.

Results

The bipolar group scored lower regarding quality of life than the recurrent depressive group. Both affective disorder groups showed significantly lower quality of life scores when compared to the healthy control group.

Conclusions

Bipolar affective disorder and recurrent depressive disorder have a significant negative impact on quality of life even during remission. Bipolar patients may have a lower quality of life than recurrent depressive patients. To improve quality of life, patients need social and familial support.
890 – The Correlation Of Depression And Anxiety With Burden In The Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder Patients' Caregivers
Authors: Barlas F. , Fistikci N. , Keyvan A. , Maner F. , Saatçioğlu Ö.
Published: July 2013

Aim

In the current study, it was aimed to investigate the correlation between the caregivers of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) patients in terms of burden, depression, anxiety and hopelessness.

Method

Between March and July 2011, 75 schizophrenia and 50 euthymic BD patients' primary caregivers at the outpatient clinic in Bakırköy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery participated in this study. Informed consent was obtained from all patients and their caregivers. Sociodemographic data form, PANSS, Beck Depression Scale, Young Mania Scale were applied to the patients. Sociodemographic data form, Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale, Beck Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale were given to the primary caregivers.

Results

The burden level is found to be severe in the schizophrenia and BD patients’ caregivers. Seventy-two percent of schizophrenia patients’ caregivers and 62% of the bipolar disorder patients’ caregivers had depressive symptoms. The anxiety levels of the caregivers of the bipolar disorder patients were found to be significantly higher than that of the schizophrenia patients’ caregivers (p< 0.05). We found a positive correlation between the scores of the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale in the caregivers of the schizophrenia patients and PANSS positive, negative, and general psychopathology scores in schizophrenic patients (p< 0.05). There was found a positive correlation between the depression levels of BD patients and their caregivers’ burden scores (p< 0.05).

Conclusion

High level of burden in both groups’ caregivers was found. Therefore, this situation can be making it difficult to cope with these diseases.
897 – European Federation Of Psychiatric Trainees (efpt) Exchange Programme: Building Links Across Europe
Authors: Casanova Dias M. , Orlova M. , Pinto da Costa M. , Saje M. , Trebbau H. , Jovanovic N. , Papanti D. , Pontarollo A. , Lugtenburg A. , Sjælland R. , Barrett E. , Pascan A. ,   EFPT Exchange Working Group
Published: July 2013

Introduction

This is the first European psychiatric exchange programme and it aims to promote an intercultural professional exchange and cooperation among psychiatric trainees across Europe, with a focus on individual experience.

Objectives

To provide trainees with the opportunities to:

promote awareness of intercultural aspects of psychiatry

engage in clinical, and/or research, and/or teaching activities

become acquainted with different mental health systems

gain experience of different illness manifestations and treatment options

experience a different training programme

socialise with peer group, promote networking and discuss coping strategies regarding work life balance

Methods

The programme was developed by the exchange working group of the EFPT in 2011 and it offers 2-6 weeks in observational placements across Europe in diverse areas.

Results

Feedback from pilot phase (January-July 2012) has shown excellent overall satisfaction of participants in the project. In the 2nd phase (August-December 2012) the programme has expanded offering more observational placements in 8 countries such as: Croatia, Denmark, France, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain and UK. In the 3rd phase (January-July 2013) it expanded further to include Ireland, Netherlands and Romania in a total of 11 hosting countries. Placements are offered in many subspecialties such as: psychotherapy, emergency psychiatry, child and adolescent psychiatry, eating disorders, family therapy, liaison psychiatry and psychosomatics, drug addictions, learning disabilities, forensic psychiatry and old age psychiatry.

Conclusions

We hope that the diversity of placements offered by this innovative programme will constitute a new approach to the improvement of psychiatric training and practice across Europe.
901 – Pump It Up; Is It Worth It?
Authors: Vizcarra J. , Alao A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The US Drug Enforcement Agency maintains a tight leash on drugs of abuse and has already banned newer designer drugs like Spice and Bath Salts. However, there is increase in the use of a new drug called pump it (PI). There is some evidence that it contains Geranamine Methylhexamine (DMAA). This is a report of a patient who exhibited unusual behavior after using PI.

Case presentation

A 40-yo male was brought to the Emergency Room after he stabbed himself in the abdomen using a knife sustaining laceration to the liver. Psychiatry consult was requested for attempted suicide. The patient had total amnesia surrounding the event. Collateral information from the wife revealed that his pupils were widely dilated and he appeared agitated, paranoid and diaphoretic just before stabbing himself. Six weeks prior, he began snorting to self detoxify himself from opioids. He experienced a 40 lb. weight loss, severe insomnia and impulsive behavior translating into dangerous acts like medication overdose and walking into oncoming traffic. He had no such symptoms prior to using PI.

Discussion

Geranamine is a stimulant is presumed to act by releasing norepinephrine. It is used as a dietary supplement for weight loss and energy gain. It has been reported to produce paranoia, hallucinations, mood lability and seizures.

Conclusion

Substance induced mood disorder should be considered as a differential diagnosis of suicide attempt and clinicians should be aware about the fact that some “dietary supplements” may pose severe danger to patients.
917 – Bipolar Disorder After Stroke In An Elderly Patient: a Case Report
Authors: Calvão de Melo R. , Lopes R. , Alves J.C.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The onset of Bipolar Disorder secondary to a stroke event is a rare clinical entity, although few cases of isolated post-stroke depression or post-stroke mania have been reported.

Clinical report

A 65-year-old male patient without previous psychiatric history presented symptoms of mania, with desinhibition, agitation, insomnia and elevated mood after 6 months of a stroke located to the left side of the brain. The patient was treated efficaciously with mood stabilizers and antipsychotics and his symptoms resolved gradually after 3 months. The patient maintained in remission several months, but then almost a year after the manic episode he presented depressive symptoms indicative to start an antidepressive treatment and the remade of diagnosis to Bipolar Disorder secondary to a stroke.

Methods

A non-systematic review of PubMed articles since 2000.

Conclusions

Numerous emotional and behavioral disorders occur following cerebrovascular lesions. There is higher ‘cerebrovascular risk’ in elderly patients with late onset Bipolar Disorder, compared to those patients with an early onset. This suggests that cerebrovascular risk may be an important factor for the expression of bipolar disorders in later life, and has significant management implications for older bipolar patients.
922 – Increased Frequency Of Sdb And Plms Is Associated With Lower Rem-sleep Amount In Common Child Psychopathology And Normally Developing Children
Authors: Kirov R. , Uebel H. , Albrecht B. , Heckel L. , Banaschewski T. , Rothenberger A. ,   Sleep in Child Psychiatric Disorders
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Sleep problems in children with common psychiatric disorders present a considerable challenge for clinicians in developing effective diagnosis and treatment strategies. Whilst sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS) are very frequent in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) which can deviate sleep architecture, their co-existence in Tic disorder (TD) and ADHD/TD co-morbidity is less well understood.

Objectives

To investigate the frequency of SDB and PLMS across children with ADHD, TD and ADHD/TD co-morbidity compared with healthy peers.

Aims

We asked whether and how the frequency of SDB and PLMS relates to sleep architecture.

Methods

Twenty-four children with ADHD, 21 with TD, 21 with ADHD/TD co-morbidity and 22 healthy controls underwent a two-night polysomnography supplemented by monitoring of apnea-hypopnea (AH) and PLMS events per hour of total sleep time.

Results

Compared with controls, only ADHD children displayed a significantly higher AH and PLMS indices. Yet correlation analyses showed significant and negative association between AH and PLMS indices and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep amount in all, the ADHD, the TD (Fig. 1), the co-morbid, and the control (Fig. 2) groups. No such associations with the other sleep stages were found for all the groups.

[Figure 1]

Conclusions

Our preliminary results suggest that

(1)

presence of co-existing sleep-related disorders may partially explain the contradicting sleep results found so far in children with ADHD,

(2)

high frequency of SDB and PLMS could be associated with REM sleep reduction regardless of psychopathology.
927 – Countertransference And Supervision In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Vyskocilova J. , Prasko J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Many experts claim that transference and countertransference analysis has no place in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and should be used solely in psychodynamic psychotherapy. However, attention paid to emotional and cognitive reactions to the patient or supervisee is the basic component of cognitive behavioural therapy and its supervision, especially if work with difficult patients is supervised.

Objective

PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched for articles containing the following keywords: “countertransference”, “cognitive behavioral therapy” and “supervision”. No language or time constraints were applied. The resources were confronted with our own experiences with psychoeducation in bipolar patients and only most relevant information was included in the text.

Results

Countertransference reaction may be observed especially in our behaviour, but also in our thoughts, emotional experiences and physical symptoms. The essence of countertransference is usually previous experiences of the supervisor which were not adequately processed and thus tend to be projected into current relationships. They may be recognized in work with core schemata and derived rules themselves. They lead to behaviour which may be avoidance (e.g. lack of openness or congruence) or compensatory (e.g. excessive help, competition, showing off). Self-reflection or realizing countertransference during supervision aids in overcoming countertransference reactions and may be crucial for establishing a more real relationship and more objective work in both therapy and supervision. Adequate self-reflection and supervision of one's own work is one of prerequisites for adequate development of the supervisor's competences.

This paper was supported by the research grants IGA MZ ČR 10301-3/2009
930 – Transference And Countertransference In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Vyskocilova J. , Prasko J.
Published: July 2013

Both patients and psychotherapists can experience strong emotional reactions towards each other in what are termed transference and countertransference within therapy. In the first part of this review, we discuss transference issues. Although not usually part of the obvious language of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), examination of the cognition. Both the literature and our experience underscore the importance of careful and open examination of both transference and counter-transference issues in CBT and their necessary incorporation in the complete management of all patients undergoing CBT.s related to the therapist, is an integral part of CBT, especially in working with difficult patients. In the second part, we cover countertransference issues. We describe schematic issues that give rise to therapist counter-transference and explain how this interacts in different types of patient therapist encounter. We also examine ways in which the therapist can use CBT to help him/her modify the countertransference and, in the process, assist the patient.

Our work studied the self-reflection about transference and counter-transference in 52 cognitive behavioral therapy students and practitians using both qvalitative reseach (structure interview) and quantitative approache (using questinnaire). Differences between students of CBT who start the training, before finish the traning and CBT supervisors are analyzed.

This paper was supported by the research grants IGA MZ ČR 10301-3/2009
932 – Survey Of Quality Of Life Among Patients With Bipolar Disorders In Shiraz Ebnesina Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Kavari S.H. , Norouzi K.
Published: July 2013

Objectives

Bipolar disorder or bipolar affective disorder (historically known as manic-depressive disorder) is a psychiatric diagnosis for a mood disorder in which people experience disruptive mood swings that encompass a frenzied state known as mania (or hypomania) and, usually, symptoms of depression. Bipolar disorder is defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated energy levels, cognition, and mood with or without one or more depressive episodes. The Maine Purpose of this descriptive -analytic study is assessment of QOL In Persones with BD.

Aims

60 out of 200 persons with BD who were member o Ebnesina Psychiatric Hospital in Shiraz City selected randomly classified as the sample.

Methods

Data gathering was conducted through a questionnaire in three parts and collected data was analyzed by SPSS software.

Finding

The finding of the study demonstrated that 81.3% of clients with BD rated their quality of life at high or intermediate level equally.

Results

The study indicate that there is a significant difference between the mean of quality of life score with regard to sex in this group, so that the mean of quality of life in Men is more than Of quality of life in the women and there was significant difference between the mean of quality of life score type and duration of BD and no significant difference between the mean of quality of life score to age.
934 – Evaluation Of Death Anxiety Among Staffs Of a State Hospital
Authors: Masoudzadeh A. , Setareh J. , Modanlookordi M.
Published: July 2013

Aim

Considering the excessive contacts of the hospital staff with death and the ability of death anxiety to reduce functional ability in an individual.the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of death anxiety among a state hospital staff.

Methods

This is a descriptive study that conducted in an overall of 612 individuals received a questionnaire at a state hospital in Sari(Iran) during spring 2008. The questionnaire was consisted of two parts; demographic part and Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS; Templer, 1970). The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.0 using t test and chi-square test.

Results

The range of age was 20-53. About 42.2% of the participants had mild death anxiety while 57.8% had severe death anxiety. The mean scores achieved by the individuals was 7.70 ± 3.133 in women and 6.19 ± 2.552 in men. The severity of death anxiety had a significant correlation with sex while having no correlation with age, marital status, having or not having children, educational level and occupation.

Conclusion

Due to high levels of death anxiety among the staffs, mental Health interventions are recommended to the same population in order to improve the mental health Quality. Additionally, performing comprehensive studies in the general population is needed.
937 – Chronobiological Aspect Of Insomnia In Case Of Depression
Authors: Andruskevicius S. , Stigiene A. , Vindasiene G.
Published: July 2013

Objective

To investigate the role of chronobiological disorders in the pathogenesis of insomnia in case of depression.

Methods

38 patients have been studied (F 31.3 - 31.4, F 32.0 - 32.2, F 33.0 - 33.2). Severity of depression was determined in accordance with HAMD-17. The patients have been divided into two groups: group 1 (HAM-D: insomnia early + insomnia middle + insomnia late - 0-4) - 10 patients (HAM-D - 27.5±4.2) and group 2 (HAM-D: insomnia early + insomnia middle + insomnia late - 5-6) - 28 patients (HAM-D - 31.7±5.9). The spectral analysis of heart rate variability was applied. The power spectrum density of LF (low frequency) and HF (high frequency) range was established. The patients were examined at 1 a.m., 7 a.m., 1 p.m., 7 p.m. prior to the beginning of treatment.

Results

Prior to the therapy de-synchronization of the circadian rhythms of the parameters of spectral analysis of heart rate variability and the “sleep-wake” rhythm has been observed. This manifested itself in the shift of the phase of the circadian rhythms of the parameters under study towards the earlier time of the day. The phase shift to an earlier time was more pronounced in group 1.

Conclusions

Insomnia in severe depression may depend rather on the usual nocturnal hour position change after phase displacement in the circadian curve, than on the severity of de-synchronization of circadian rhythms. In these hours the change (increase or decrease) of sympathic/parasympathic activity may be of greater importance.
939 – Young Psychiatrists' Network: Development Of a Forum For International Collaboration
Authors: Bezborodovs N. , Krupchanka D. , Butwicka A. , Baessler F. , Bendix M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The Young Psychiatrists' Network (YPN) is an international group of young psychiatrists (YP) from Eastern and Western European countries organizing annual meetings to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and experience between YPs from different backgrounds, promote networking and development of leadership skills.

Objectives

To evaluate the YPN Meetings in Eastern Europe.

Methods

The 3rd YPN Meeting, was held in September 2012 in Minsk, Belarus. 74 YPs from 21 countries participated. At the end of the conference anonymous evaluation surveys were distributed.

Results

52 participants from 14 countries returned the survey (70%). In contrast to the previous meeting in Riga where ⅔ participants received grants, in Minsk all participants attended self-funded. It was the first YPN meeting for 60% of them. The meeting was evaluated positively by all participants and 44% expressed a wish to actively organize a consecutive meeting. Majority of participants thought that the meeting would have positive influence on their professional career (81%) and personal development (88%). Some questions addressed 21 participants who had attended the previous meeting in order to measure effects on YPs' activities in the past year. ⅓ of participants stated that the meeting changed their clinical practice, 90% reported indirect and 86% direct personal contact with international colleagues after the meeting. As the result of previous meeting 81% of them became involved in national and 62% in international trainee/YPs organizations. 52% established international research contacts.

Conclusions

YPN Meetings seem to be valuable, and have major impact on personal growth, networking and collaborative research.
946 – Education Modulates The Effect Of Childhood Adversity On Lifetime Suicidal Behavior And Major Depression
Authors: Artero S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Childhood adversity is a major risk factor for life-time various psychiatric disorders. The vulnerability for psychiatric disorders appears to be modulated by cognitive reserve (CR).

Objectives

We wanted to examine the impact of childhood adversity on lifetime suicidal behavior and major depression and its modulation by education, a CR proxy.

Method

1494 non-institutionalized individuals without dementia from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged over 65 years (the ESPRIT study) were randomly selected from electoral rolls and rated for childhood adversity (e.g., emotional abuse and neglect). Life-time major depression and suicidal behavior were assessed according to DSM-IV criteria.

Results

Exposure to adversity in childhood increased the risk of life-time suicidal behavior and major depression (p< 0.0001 OR=1.75 [1.34-2.28]) but there was no significant effect of education alone (p=0.276). Subjects with a low level of education were observed to be at higher risk (p< 0.005; OR=2.19 [1.26-3.80]) and subjects with the higher level of education showed a non significant risk (p=0.244).

Conclusion

Our results suggest high education level as a protective factor to counteract the effects of childhood adversity on the onset of mental disorders in adulthood.
950 – Achieving Positive Outcome - Reducing Recidivism Within Toronto's Mental Health Court Support Program: The Mount Sinai Hospital Experience
Authors: Chow W. , Tse C. , Law S. , Chiu H. , Leszcz M. , Sadavoy J.
Published: July 2013

This paper investigates the recidivism of Mount Sinai Hospital mental health court support program in Toronto, Canada among patients involved in the criminal justice system. It also looks to find relationships between recidivism and factors including gender, age and ethnicity.

Method

Follow up periods of up to 48 months after the time of initial admission to the program was conducted and the frequency of re-offense was observed. Comparisons for the significance of risk factors were analyzed using t-tests and Chisquare tests.

Results

191 clients were admitted to the Mount Sinai Hospital Court Support Program between September 2001 and June 2007. At first admission, the mean ± s.d. age was 35.8 ± 9.8 years (range=18-74 years; n=184). The median age was 35 years. The modal age was 34 years. Of the 191 clients, 16 (8.4%) reoffended. Two of them (12.5%) had a third offense; and 1 (6.3%) had a total of four offenses within this tracking period. it appears that re-offense is more likely between 13 and 24 months. No re-offense was noted beyond the 48 months. The gender distribution was not significantly different between reoffenders and non-reoffenders. The mean age at first admission also did not differ between reoffenders and non-reoffenders. The distribution of ethnic groups among reoffenders and non-reoffenders did not differ.

Conclusions

The findings seem to indicate that recidivism has no relationship with gender, age and ethnic groups. The comprehensive and length of support services seem more important in preventing recidivism.
952 – A Population-based Longitudinal Study On Work Environment And Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Wang J. , Schmitz N. , Patten S. , Currie S. , Sareen J.
Published: July 2013

Objectives

To investigate the relationships between work environmental factors and the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) over one year and to identify factors associated with the outcomes of individuals with MDD.

Methods

We conducted a population-based longitudinal study of employees who were randomly selected in Alberta (n = 4239). MDD was assessed using the World Health Organization's Composite International Diagnostic Interview - Auto 2.1.

Results

The one-year incidence of MDD was 3.6% (95% CI: 2.8%-4.6%) overall. It was 2.9% (95% CI: 1.9% - 4.2%) in men and 4.5% (95% CI: 3.3% - 6.2%) in women. The relationships between work environmental factors and MDD differed by sex. In men, high job strain increased the risk of MDD in those who worked 35-40 hours per week; job insecurity and family-work conflict were predictive of MDD. Women who worked 35-40 hours, who reported job insecurity, high effort-reward imbalance and work-family conflict were at higher risk of MDD. Long working hours, negative thinking and having comorbid social phobia were predictive of MDD. Perceived work-family conflict, severity of major depressive episode and symptom of depressed mood were significantly associated with recurrence of MDD.

Conclusions

Job strain, effort-reward imbalance, job insecurity and work-family conflicts are important risk factors for the onset of MDD, and should be targets of primary prevention. However, these work environmental factors appear to operate differently in men and in women. Clinical and psychosocial factors are important in the prognosis of MDD. The factors associated with persistence and recurrence of MDD may be different.
961 – The Abnormal Prominent Theta Eeg Activity, The Level Of Cortical Direct Current (dc) Potential And Syndromal Estimates In Childhood
Authors: Kalinina M. , Boravova A. , Galkina N. , Kalyn Y. , Fedorova Y.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

In the diagnosis of functional states of the brain are bursts deviation from the normal pattern EEG. Also used registration of the scalp-recorded direct current (DC) potentials, which in the modern view is characteristic of indirect energy metabolism of the brain.

Objectives

Studied 25 children 8, 5±3, 3 years of schizophrenia. Aims To assess the significance of electrographic parameters abnormal theta activity with characteristics of energy metabolism of the brain in schizophrenia.

Methods

Shifts in scalp-recorded DC potential were studied in relation to the changes of EEG recording such as abnormal prominent theta bursts. Standard EEG recordings were made during wakefulness. “Theta bursts” appeared in two frequency bands: 4-5 cps and 6-7 cps. DC potentials and their topographical distribution were investigated in schizophrenic patients with and without designated electroencephalogram characteristics. The mental state of children assessed psychopathological method and using the scale of PANSS. The obtained data were analyzed using software Statistica-7.

Results

The presence of 6 - 7 Hz in the EEG theta activity, particularly in the temporal areas, combined with a higher level of permanent potentials. Fairly significant differences were observed for the left (p < 0,018) and right (p < 0,012) of the temporal lobes. Were observed higher ratings of positive syndromes scale PANSS (p < 0,014). The presence of 4-5-Hz activity was associated with a decline in constant potentials, and a decrease in mean scores of positive syndromes PANSS.

Conclusions

It was concluded that DC measurement reflects changes in brain state associated with pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
976 – Shortned Visuo-spatial Questionnaire: An Useful Tool For The Early Identification Of Children With Non Verbal Syndrome Living In Rural Areas
Authors: Fastame M.C. , Penna M.P.
Published: July 2013

Visuo-spatial deficits interfere with learning geography, geometry, natural sciences, drawing, arithmetic calculation and can also play a crucial role in the acquisition of reading and writing abilities. In order to identify early students with low non verbal abilities, Cornoldi, Venneri, Marconato, Molin & Montinari (2003) have proposed a questionnaire for teachers, the so called Shortened Visuo-Spatial Questionnaire (SVS). However, this tool has been validated in urban contexts mainly located in North-East Italy.

Present research was aimed to investigate whether the SVS can identify children with low visuo-spatial abilities living in Sardinian rural areas. Experiment 1 was aimed to verify the reliability of the assessments of visuo-spatial abilities of 8-11 years aged children attending two primary schools in the province of Nuoro done by the teachers that used the SVS questionnaire. Results show that the questionnaire by Cornoldi et al. (2003) is a reliable tool for the early identification of children with scarce visuo-spatial abilities living in agropastoral cultural contexts. Finally, Experiment 2 was aimed to investigate which variables predict SVS scores. Results show that children chronological age and teachers previous educational experience predict the accuracy level of students visuo-spatial functions which were assessed by the teachers using the SVS questionnaire. In conclusion the SVS is an useful tool for the early identification of children with Non Verbal Syndrome, a disability that can cause low self-esteem and depression in children and adolescent with visuo-spatial learning problems