bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Трансплантация волос как вариант решения алопеции волос
Authors: Бедретдинова А.А.
Published: January 2023

В ходе анализа научной литературы и патентной документации мы выявили наличие значительного количества исследований, посвященных изучению такой проблемы как алопеция волос. С помощью обобщения информации из научных источников мы пришли к выводу, что трансплантация волос является перспективным решением против выпадения волос.
Определение элементов залегания магнитных пород, подсеченных скважинами, по данным скважинной магнитометрии
Authors: Иголкина Г.В.
Published: January 2023

Определение элементов залегания намагниченных тел, подсеченных сверхглубокими скважинами, решает важную геологическую задачу по оценке пространственного положения пород в околоскважинном пространстве, так как никакие другие методы геофизических исследований скважин (ГИС) не располагают такими возможностями оценить элементы залегания горных пород в естественном залегании по разрезу скважин. Решение этой задачи по трем стволам Кольской сверхглубокой скважины СГ-3 позволило построить достоверный геолого-геофизический разрез, который нашел подтверждение по геологическим данным. Кроме того, установлено, что залегание двух эффузивных толщ, вскрытых Саатлинской сверхглубокой скважиной, различное. Впервые определены элементы залегания зон пирротиновой минерализации и оценена возможность метода скважинной магнитометрии для решения в сложных геологических условиях.
Законы царя Хаммурапи и библейское законодательство, посвящѐнное регулированию земледелия и наемного труда
Authors: Марьин Е.В.
Published: January 2023

В статье рассмотрены наиболее важные юридические памятники древнего Вавилона, дошедшие до нас и наложившие идеологический отпечаток на все попытки правового творчества в последующие времена в этом регионе, не исключая и ветхозаветного гражданского законодательства. Рассмотрены первые попытки создать гражданское право на примере законов о земледелии и наемном труде. Законодательство Древнего Вавилона сопоставляется с в Библейскими заповедями, данными через пророка Моисея на горе Синай.
Дети в чрезвычайных ситуациях
Authors: Меараго Ш.Л. , Романов В.В.
Published: January 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования санитарных и безвозвратных потерь среди детей при чрезвычайных ситуациях, террористических актах и вооруженных конфликтах. Указаны причины, влияющие на количество детей, нуждающихся в медицинской помощи и погибающих в период катастроф.
Effective algorithms for solving functional equations with superposition on the example of the Feigenbaum equation
Authors:   A. A. Harkevich Institute of Information Transmission Problems of the RAS, Polunovskii Andrey
Published: January 2023

Purpose. New algorithms were consider for functional equations solving using the Feigenbaum equation as an example. This equation is of great interest in the theory of deterministic chaos and is a good illustrative example in the class of functional equations with superposition. Methods. The article proposes three new effective methods for solving functional equations — the method of successive approximations, the method of successive approximations using the fast Fourier transform and the numerical-analytical method using a small parameter. Results. Three new methods for solving functional equations were presented, considered on the example of the Feigenbaum equation. For each of them, the features of their application were investigated, as well as the complexity of the resulting algorithms was estimated. The methods previously used by researchers to solve functional equations are compared with those described in this article. In the description of the latter, the numerical-analytical method, several coefficients of expansions of the universal Feigenbaum constants were written out. Conclusion. The obtained algorithms, based on simple iteration methods, allow solving functional equations with superposition without the need to reverse the Jacobi matrix. This feature greatly simplifies the use of computer memory and gives a gain in the operating time of the algorithms in question, compared with previously used ones. Also, the latter, numerically-analytical method made it possible to obtain sequentially the coefficients of expansions of the universal Feigenbaum constants, which in fact can be an analytical representation of these constants.
The Limits within which the Contracting Authority may Proceed with the Forced Execution of the Winning Association in the Public Procurement Procedure
Authors: Macsim Cristian
Published: January 2023

This article deals with the possibility for awarding entities to proceed with the forced execution of all members of an association set up for the performance of public or sectoral procurement contracts provided for by Law 98/2016 and Law 99/2016, in the event that, on the basis of a damage inspection report issued by a judicial public authority, the court definitively grants a judgment in favour of the awarding entity.
Unlike commercial companies with legal personality, joint ventures are governed only by contractual clauses and are exempt from any incorporation formalities, as they do not benefit from legal personality.
The purpose of the article is to highlight the misinterpretation of substantive law rules when concrete situations arise in which the awarding entity benefits from an enforceable title represented by a final court decision by which it executes all the members of the association although the documents underlying the signature and execution of the works or services contract specify an individual liability.
Franchise Contract in International Trade Law
Authors: Florea Dumitriţa , Galeş Narcisa
Published: January 2023

The international contract is of interest to all states because of its value. It represents a way in which international exchanges can be realized, its role in international economic relations giving the parties the opportunity to use the advantages of arbitration and autonomy of will. The main legal instrument used to promote international relations is the contract. Compared to other fields, the legal relationships resulting from contracts are numerous and frequent. International trade contracts are distinguished by certain particularities, because according to their nature, they constitute a form of contracts regarding commercial activity. However, international trade contracts, compared to domestic contracts, do not remain subject to national law and differ from them by the existence of specific elements of internationality. An important moment in the existence of a contract is that of formation. All aspects related to the formation of contractual relations are influenced by the exact knowledge and correct application of the practice of concluding the contract. International trade contracts differ from commercial contracts concluded between participants in domestic trade by means of the extraneous element it contains, an element that, together with the commerciality element, delimits the international trade contract from the other contracts that are regulated by the rules of general law. From the category of contracts that are part of the field of international trade law, the franchise contract has had a rapid evolution, having the ability to adapt and introduce new services, products and techniques to the market, the extent of which has taken over time having practically no tendency to decrease nowadays, more and more merchants end up concluding such contracts. Thus, the franchise contract is both a relatively safe and cheap method of obtaining profit, as well as the most agreeable tool of globalization, attributed to the current consumer society.
Death with Dignity under the AUPs of the Law
Authors: Bălan Lăcrămioara
Published: January 2023

In most developed states, public opinion is crystallized in favor or against euthanasia, but this fact is not reflected in the legislation. A clear and concise legislative framework is an absolutely necessary condition for discussing euthanasia. On one hand, medical personnel must carry out their activity in accordance with the law, on the other hand, the selection of patients who can request such a procedure must be concretely defined.
Analysis of the network relationship between tattooists' acceptance of tattoo legalization and entrepreneurial intentions
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Seo Ran-Sug
Published: January 2023

This study attempted to study the effects of the connection relationships between each variable by analyzing the network of relationships between the tattooist's acceptance attitude and startup intention. For this study, the data collected was interpreted through a social network analysis tool. The findings are as follows. First, for the relationship between the tattooist's acceptance attitude and the start-up intention, tattoo legalization was interpreted as significant factor influencing the start-up intention. Second, it was found that tattooists are willing to start a business, even if tattoos are not legalized. Third, despite giving happiness or pleasure to tattooists, tattoos are not yet prepared or considered due to social issues, such as tattoo legislation, confirming that initial tattoo-related startups are necessary to increase tattoo-related startups. Fourth, tattooists are expecting the legalization of tattoos within three years, and it was found that they planned their start-up intention according to that expectation. In addition, it was confirmed that tattoos are an act of giving pleasure to acquaintances around them, and these actions are recognized as correct. Finally, it was found that tattooists are in the stage of starting a business or collecting information for starting a business when tattooing is legalized.
The Influence of Quality of Services on Switching Costs and Customer Loyalty in Beauty Salon Customers
Authors:   The Korean Society of Beauty and Art, Kim Eun-Hyang , Lee Jae-Sook
Published: January 2023

Hairbeauty industry is a field which is highly dependent upon human services. This study attempted to investigate the influence of the quality of hairdressing services on switching costs and customer loyalty to help beauty salons overcome current crisis by preventing customer churn. For this purpose, this study collected and analyzed 338 questionnaire data from experienced men and women who visited hair salons in Gwangju. The questionnaire survey was performed with the following measuring tools by referring to previous studies: ‘reliability’, ‘professionalism’, ‘authenticity’, ‘switching costs’, ‘cognitive loyalty’, ‘affective loyalty’. The collected data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 26.0, and the results found the followings: First, ‘reliability’, ‘professionalism’ and ‘authenticity’ had a positive influence on ‘switching costs’ with statistical significance. Second, ‘reliability’, ‘professionalism’ and ‘authenticity’ revealed a positive effect on ‘cognitive loyalty’ with statistical significance. Third, ‘reliability’, ‘professionalism’ and ‘authenticity’ showed a positive influence on ‘affective loyalty’ with statistical significance.
Fourth, ‘switching costs’ had a positive effect on ‘cognitive loyalty’ with statistical significance. Fifth, ‘switching costs’ revealed a positive influence on ‘affective loyalty’ with statistical significance. The above results confirm that switching costs are recognized by the quality of services and that high switching costs enhance customer loyalty.
Therefore, there is a need to create and supplement new services compared to other hair salons such as development of service manuals suitable for hair salons and efforts to maintain good relationships. With differentiated switching costs, it would be possible to enhance customer loyalty by reducing customer churn, anticipating creation of new consumers. significant influence was observed in ‘personnel’, ‘reward’ and ‘business factor’ (p<.001). In predicting social cognitive factors, ‘personnel’, ‘reward’ and ‘business factor’ demonstrated the explanatory power of 11.4%.
Trzydzieści lat neuronauki społecznej
Authors: Malon Monika , Okruszek Łukasz
Published: January 2023

Neuronauka społeczna, która narodziła się jako subdyscyplina neuronauki poznawczej na początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych XX w., na przestrzeni ostatnich dekad ulegała dynamicznym przemianom. Unikalne połączenie perspektywy nauk społecznych, psychologicznych i biologicznych, jakie oferuje ta dziedzina, umożliwia badanie funkcjonowania człowieka na wielu płaszczyznach, co może prowadzić do głębszego zrozumienia mechanizmów je kształtujących. Niniejsza publikacja ma na celu przybliżenie procesu kształtowania się neuronauki społecznej, zarówno pod kątem rozwoju badań, jak i struktur akademickich z nią związanych. Ponadto zostały przedstawione wyniki dotychczasowych badań z zakresu izolacji społecznej i subiektywnego statusu społecznego oraz wpływ tych czynników na zdrowie publiczne, co stanowi przykład zastosowania interdyscyplinarnego podejścia neuronauki społecznej w praktyce.
Agony racji w "Alkestis" Eurypidesa
Authors: Czerwinska Jadwiga
Published: January 2023

Sophistarum doctrinae, quae ad ingenia civium conformanda multum valuit, magna etiam in
Euripidis tragoediis vis fuit. In hac dissertatione praecipue ea tractantur, quae in fabula Alcestidi
dicata insunt et cum Protagorae praeceptis rhetoricis comparari possint. Protagoras, sophista
clarissimus, qui de oppositionibus mułta disserere solebat, duas de quavis re oppositas opiniones
esse existimavit. Qua de causa orationes inter se contrarias haberi posse opinatus est. Euripides,
qui sophistarum disciplinam secutus esse creditur, exposuit nobis dupłices orationes, quae lingua
graeca
Rzymski elegik Serwiusz Sulpicjusz - znany czy nieznany?
Authors: Witczak Krzysztof
Published: January 2023

Libro quarto Corporis Tibulliani continentur ignoti poetae longa elegia, quae Panegyricus
Messallae vulgo appeIlatur (IV, I), quinque elegiae auctoris, quem "Sulpiciae laudatorem" voco
(IV, 2--6), sex brevia elegidia sub Sulpiciae nomine servata (IV, 7-12) et postremo duae elegiae
TibuIlo adiudicatae (IV, 13-14).
Multi viri docti iam diu disputant, qui fuerit "Sulpiciae laudator". Qui poeta talem distichi
elegiaci structuram adhibere solebat, qualis ante Ovidium exculta est.
Constat autem auctorem elegiarum IV, 2--6, quae de amore Sulpiciae erga Cerinthum narrant
atque a muItis viris doctis Tibulli opera ducuntur, "Sulpiciae laudatorem" fuisse. Quisnam is esset
et quare Matronalium die elegiam III, 8 Sulpiciae donasset, quaerebatur. Nova opinio ad ignoti
poetae personam, eius vitae aetatem otiumque litterarium spectans nostro in opusculo proposita
est. Ex meis investigationibus apparet Servium Sulpicium Quinti Horatii Flacci amicum
aequalemque aetate (Hor., Sat., I, 10, 86), elegiarum scriptorem (Ovid., Trist., II, 441; Plin., Ep.,
V, 3, 5) se poetriae fratrem firmissimumque "Sulpiciae laudatorem" praestare.
Effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield of sesame in Charland
Authors:   Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Roy S. , Rahaman M. A. , Rahman M. M. , Hasan G. N. , Sarkar M. N.
Published: January 2023

To determine the optimal nutrient management packages for BARI Til-4 in Charland areas and increase production along with farmers’ income, an experiment was conducted under Charland at the multi-location testing site, Bhuapur of the On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Tangail under AEZ-8 Tangail during two consecutive years of Kharif 2016 and 2017.Three different fertilizer doses were used, namely T1: 107-39-32-17-3.6-0.6 kg ha-1 (based on soil test), T2: 37-20-16-13-2-1 kg ha-1 + 5 t ha-1 cowdung (based on IPNS), and T3: 18-8-18-0-0-0 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB. (farmers practice). Between the two years, among the treatments, the soil test-based fertilizer dose provided the highest seed yield (1.39 t ha-1), which was comparable to the IPNS-based fertilizer dose (1.29 t ha-1), while the farmers' practiced fertilizer dose produced the lowest seed yield (0.78 t ha-1). T1 treatment resulted in a yield increase of 7.75 and 78.20 percent when compared to T2 and T3 treatments, respectively. The highest gross return (Tk. 65500 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 27637.64 ha-1) from T1 treatment, whereas the lowest return (Tk. 41500 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 2505.04 ha-1) were obtained from farmer practice. According to the overall results, a soil test-based fertilizer dose may be recommended in Charland sections of AEZ-8 for increased production and economic return.
Critical thinking Disposition and Dyadic Adjustment: The Moderator Role of Employment Status of Women
Authors: ÖZDEN Melis Seray , Ermis Ece Naz
Published: January 2023

Dyadic adjustment can be handled as a state in which there is an overall feeling of happiness and satisfaction with marriage. Women have become so much more active in work life over the past years that the changes in the roles of women also affect the communication with their husbands and as a result their dyadic adjustment. On this basis, the aim of this study is to determine the moderator role of employment status of women in the relationship between critical thinking disposition and dyadic adjustment of married people. The research group was composed of 242 spouses. The data were collected with Demographical Information Form, Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. The results showed that there was a correlation between critical thinking disposition and dyadic adjustment. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, there was no moderator role of employment status of women in the relationship between critical thinking disposition and dyadic adjustment.

Keywords: resilience; autonomous-related self; critical thinking;
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Dijital Okuryazarlık Beceri Yeterlilik Düzeyleri (Kırşehir Örneği)
Authors: ÇELİKKAYA Tekin , KÖŞKER Cahit
Published: January 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı Kırşehir ili özelinde sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin dijital okuryazarlık beceri yeterlilik düzeylerini belirlemek ve çeşitli değişkenlere göre nasıl farklılaştığını bulmaktır. Araştırmada verilerin elde edilme sürecinde tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın evrenini 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde Kırşehir ili genelinde görev yapmakta olan 163 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunun oluşturulmasında basit seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Bayrakcı (2020) tarafından geliştirilen likert tipi“Etik ve Sorumluluk”, “Genel Bilgi ve İşlevsel Beceriler”, “Günlük Kullanım”, “Profesyonel Üretim”, “Gizlilik ve Güvenlik” ve “Sosyal Boyut” olmak üzere altı düzey ve 29 maddeden oluşan “Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğe ilişkin yapılan hesaplamalarla ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu görülmüştür. İlgili koşulların sağlanması ile araştırma verilerinin analizinde ANOVA ve T-testi gibi testlerin kullanılmasına karar verilmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin dijital okuryazarlık beceri yeterlilik düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla uygulanan ölçek sonucunda; etik ve sorumluluk da çok iyi düzeyde, genel bilgi ve işlevsel becerilerde orta düzeyde, günlük kullanımda iyi düzeyde, profesyonel üretimde az düzeyde, gizlilik ve güvenlik de iyi düzeyde ile sosyal boyut orta düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür.
Ways to Improve Hydrological Efficiency of Railway Subgrade Drainage
Authors: Kanciber Yuriy , Shtykov Valeriy , Ponomarev Andrey , Vasil'eva Marina
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Hydrological rationale for drainage system buildings that effectively drain poorly permeable subgrade soils. As a result of watering of soils by rainfalls and groundwaters, track upper structure undergoes deformation and loses its strength. To exclude adverse processes, various drainage devices and drainage systems are used. In the modern world, traffic speed and freight transportation quantity have risen and the load on track superstructure has significantly increased. To reduce risk for drainage system buildings it is necessary to apply hydrological requirements to ensure moisturizing regime of subgrade soils. Methods: For new structures, traditional water-balance method for drainage efficiency assessment is used. The method takes into account two main types of moisturizing: atmospheric and mixed ones. For atmospheric watering, we used the data on water estimated inflow to a drainage in Russia North-West zone. Atmospheric nutrition may be absent in the case of geomembrane usage on subgrade major platform. The distance between collectors is determined by the author’s methodology obtained by an analytical method. Results: The new structure of gravel drain is proposed. It has been proven that the proposed structure in poorly permeable soils drains a subgrade more efficiently than a subditch drainage does. An example of a hydraulic calculation of such a drain is given, the distance between outlet collectors in the set conditions is determined. Practical significance: Due to the use of gravel drainage, subgrade soil moisture will decrease that will lead to the subgrade bearing capacity increase. The results can be used in poorly permeable soils which prevalence is quite high. Structures, including gravel drainage, can be applied in combination with traditional ones.
Website Quality Assessment and Website Design Methods for Educational Organizations
Authors: Zvereva Elena , Bunyaeva Ekaterina , Kuznecov Ivan , Holodilov Aleksandr , Savvateeva Yuliya
Published: January 2023

To systemize existing methods for quality assessment and design of websites of educational organizations. To conduct as review of existing criteria for quality assessment of educational organization websites, their ratings. To consider existing restrictions in the design of educational organization web-sites, the means for their creation and their structure organization methods. Methods: Analysis of existing quality ratings of educational organization web-sites, requirements for their design from legislation view as well as of up-todate trends of web-design. Analysis of methods of web-site structure organization. Results: Conclusion was made on the quality importance of university website in terms of a content, structure and working quality for shaping educational institution image. Combining folksonomic and taxonomic approaches is proposed at structure design of website. The importance of using modern design tools to get a possibility for web-site functionality expansion is indicated. Practical significance: The proposed steps can allow to create a comprehensive ecosystem on web-site basis which providing for a big number of functions to satisfy educational process participants’ needs as well as better qualitive delivery of information to target audience.
Mathematical Model for Control Channel of GSM-R Radiocommunication Standard
Authors: Boldinov Aleksey , Privalov Andrey
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To develop a model for the evaluation and analysis of control logical channels (CC) performance quality of GSM-R radiocommunication standard. Methods: Performance process of shared control channel is presented in the form of a stochastic network with further obtaining equivalent function, average time and the function of distributing the time of information transfer in data transmission channel. Results: Mathematical model of shared CC performance process has been developed, corresponding to the algorithm of establishing connection of a mobile user with a network base station. The modeling results allow to conclude on the model adequacy and to assess the degree of various kind interference impact in a given area, including those created by violator’s jammers. The feasibility of reducing analysis time of the parameters of signals, transmitted from a mobile to base station, as well as the need to increase the noise immunity of signals for the control of entry into communication, received signal level and quality are shown. Practical significance: This model can be used to evaluate and analyze performance efficiency of control channels of GSM-R standard mobile radiocommunication real systems.
Working Efficiency of Catenary Supports on High-Speed Railways
Authors: Veselov Vitaliy
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To perform working efficiency analysis of catenary separately standing reinforced-concrete supports in high-speed railway conditions, to develop measures and constructive solutions of the supports of increased reliability and durability. Methods: Analysis of typical constructive solutions according to Russia State Standard GOST 19330-99 given their exploitation experience, the use of numerical calculation methods involving calculation programs. Results: The disadvantages of being applied structures of catenary supports on railways with the use of steel and reinforced concrete are analyzed. The calculations of typical reinforced-concrete support bearing capacity and rigidity according to GOST 19330-99 with the use of SCAD computing complex for the effect of vital climatic and exploitational burdens, including ones from wind pressure at high-speed rolling stock motion trains at the speed of 300 km/h, are made. Innovative support construction has been developed which includes pillar of reinforced concrete, fiber-reinforced concrete or steel on reinforced-concrete foundation, the construction is combined with alignment-free mounting method to ensure the impermeability of construction being united parts. Practical significance: The reserves for working efficiency of typical separately-standing reinforced-concrete catenary supports in the conditions of high–speed railway trunk St. Petersburg - Moscow on project documentation basis are revealed. The possibility of pressure perception by supports from wind flow at train motion of 300 km/h speed has been established. The application of innovative combined steel-concrete structure of catenary support construction and its mounting ways are proposed. The use of support mounting and construction new way would allow to reduce support mounting laboriousness as well as to rise support reliability and durability in exploitation changing conditions.
Design Algorithm for Forecasting Model of Transport-Logistic Activity on the Basis of Neuro-Fuzzy Networks
Authors: Lamehov Vladimir , Korovyakovskiy Evgeny
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To consider the current situation in container transportation market of Leningrad Region. To show the need in the design of new forecasting models. To justify the use of neural fuzzy networks. To consider existing limitations of their application. To suggest the ways to build predictive neural fuzzy models for evaluating promising quantitative indicators of logistics activities. Methods: ANFIS, R-ANFIS, Fuzzy-Partitions, SCRG, GD, LSE, PSO, ABC, FA. Results: The necessity of adaptation of neural fuzzy networks for making forecasts in the field of logistics is pointed on, the structure of a promising model is proposed which takes into account the use and analysis of variety of methods on structural and parametric identification. The shortcomings of particular methods of structural and parametric identification, which affect the accuracy of being obtained forecasts, are indicated. Practical importance: The importance of design of accurate predictive models for key quantitative indicators of logistics activities is shown. The factors influencing the implementation of transport and logistics activities are given which of, reliable forecast is impossible in the situation of limited time and resources. For consideration, the article proposes the existing methods of parametric and structural identification of fuzzy neural networks. An algorithm for adapting existing methods to the use in a transport and logistics process is proposed.
Computational Experiment in Optimization Modeling of Multimodal Cargo Transportation Process Based on Egalitarian Principles
Authors: Bogachev Viktor , Kurenkov Petr , Chebotareva Evgeniya , Kravec Aleksandra , Bogachev Taras
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To build an optimization model of multimodal cargo transportations in a port-side transport and technological system with the participation of rail and sea kinds of transport based on egalitarian principles, the model allows manipulating the values of parameters characterizing a transportation process and taking into account interests of transportation process participants within the frames of being considered cost indicators. Methods: An algorithm has been developed for planning the shipment and delivery of cargo flows to port station address in view of routing, time and cost parameters of transportation process which under, cost optimal values of being transported cargo and complex time indicators of transportation process are provided. One of the limitations in the optimization task is the volume of a ship batch that’s expected at any port unloading stations. The built mathematical model is a multi-criteria and multi-extreme task of nonlinear stochastic integer programming. The research theoretical and economic basis is the synthesis of the classical concepts of utilitarian and egalitarian approaches in a welfare theory that makes it possible to build sounded theoretically and demanded in practice the optimization models of multimodal freight transportation railway component. Results: Developed in analytical computing system environment the optimization algorithm provides opportunities along with Pareto optimal transportation plans for to find plans embodying “just in time” logistic concept, so at these plans, it is also achieved the balance of interests of transportation considered participants. Practical importance: An approach is proposed for to study freight transportation organization on a railway landfill wherein transportations are pursued within the framework of multimodal port-side transport and technological system. The developed models and algorithms can be recommended for practical use during the formation and analysis of logistic supply chains with rail and sea transport kind participation.
Model for Joint Operation of Traction and External Power Supply System
Authors: Agunov Aleksandr , Burkov Anatoliy , Ivanov Mihail
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To improve record accuracy of external power supply network influence on the operation of traction power supply systems of industrial frequency AC. The article shows that existing mathematical models of traction and external power supply joint operation have sounding limitations. These limitations almost exclude the possibility of their practical use. At the same time, when projecting a new electrification, it is required to choose the most efficient external power supply scheme. At the exploitation of existing electrified sections, the necessity arises to assess equalizing current value during repairs in external power supply networks and to adopt a decision on changing power supply and sectioning schemes. Corresponding model is required to solve these tasks. Methods: Analysis of existing mathematical models and computer programs for joint calculation for traction and external power supply networks. Development of three-phase PU-generator models on the basis of EMF source behind an inductive resistance, development of three-phase and single-phase load models. Results: The article presents a description of a mathematical model implied to study the joint operation of 25 kV AC traction power supply systems and 110-750 kV power supply systems. The principles of building the model of three-phase and single-phase PU-generators on EMF source basis behind inductive resistance as well as the models of three-phase and single-phase loads are considered. Based on the given mathematical expressions, a computer model has been developed that allows analyzing the joint operation of three-phase external power supply networks and single-phase traction ones. The model is implemented in MATLAB-Simulink software package. Using this computer model, the influence of power flows through 110–330 kV network of Karelenergo and “FSK EAS” Public Companies on equalizing currents in the traction network of Knyazhaya — Idel section of Oktyabrskaya railway was analyzed. Practical importance: The reliability raise for traction power supply system operation at the expense of precise calculation of equalizing currents. Energy loss reduction in a traction network in account of traction network optimal power supply scheme choice.
Assessment Methodology on Feasibility of Passenger Multimodal Transportation Appointment
Authors: Malahova Tat'yana , Pokrovskaya Oksana , yerbakov Vladimir
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To study the impact of multimodal transportations on long-distance passenger transportations at the landfill of “FPC” Ltd. since in modern realities, train traffic planning without taking into account passenger demand can reduce railway competitive advantages in the market of transport mixed kind transportation and in the future, can lead to passenger dissatisfaction. To show the importance of making traffic schedule in accordance with passenger demand. To consider the matter on necessity of the supplement of existing approaches to multimodal route selection and on possibility to apply a regression model to forecast passenger flows. To pursue the testing of the developed methodology on the example of particular multimodal route. Methods: Comparison of existing approaches to multimodal transportation organization and their complement. Methods of mathematical statistics for passenger traffic flow forecasting. Results: The influence of multimodal transportations on long-distance passenger transportations at “FPC” Ltd landfill is considered. The criteria of multimodal transportation are defined. The methodology for feasibility assessment of multimodal route organization is proposed that allows estimating expected profit from transportation organization as well as predicting transportation impact on transportation process indicators. Practical importance: The recommendations and approaches proposed in the developed by the author methodology can be used for multimodal route development. The developed algorithm makes it possible to assess the prospects for passenger traffic change and allows yet at the preliminary selection stage for multimodal transportation organization options to perform a preliminary analysis of this organization economic feasibility.
Determination of Energy Expenditures on Hydrostatic Drive of Cooling Device Motor-Fans of Diesel Locomotive TEP70BS According to Microprocessor Control System Data
Authors: Kurilkin Dmitry , Kulesh Roman , Dvorkin Pavel , Romanova Anna , Sadovskiy Andrey
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Development, testing methodology for the definition of energy expenditure on hydrostatic drive of cooling device motor fans of diesel locomotive TEP70BS. Energy expenditures on drive of cooling devices motor-fans constitute significant part in the total volume of energy expenditures for auxiliary needs. When determining diesel cooling device power, picked for motor-fan drive, it is necessary to take into account the influence of motor-fan drive technical condition and diesel cooling system general technical condition. The given task can be solved by the way of statistical analysis of the information, being registered by TEP70BS locomotive on-board diagnostics subsystem when performing corresponding analytical calculations. At the same, it is necessary to account for the peculiarities of functioning of motor-fan hydrostatic drive under various loading modes. Methods: Statistical processing and analysis of measurement results. Analytical calculation of a hydrostatic system on the basis of processing of measurement results. Reduction of hydrostatic drive parameters to non-nominal modes. Results: Methodology of energy expenditure analytical calculation on the basis of statistical analysis of data on motor fan operating modes is proposed. Probable values of power, spent on motor-fan drive for various controller positions, are determined. It is shown that for controller nominal position, average power consumption for being considered sample of five locomotives will constitute 23.2 kW per two fan motors. Practical importance: The use of the presented methodology allows to raise significantly the determination accuracy for power, being picked for auxiliary needs and, as a result, to increase calculation accuracy for traction characteristics and fuel consumption characteristics of TEP70BS diesel locomotive.
Algorithmization of Cargo Placement on Trays in Deep Warehouses Equipped with Shuttle Systems
Authors: Yankovskaya Natal'ya , Dmitrenko Mihail
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Optimization of cargo placement in the ducts of a deep warehouse equipped with shuttle systems in order of more efficient use of warehouse volume. Methods: Logistic analysis. Results: Algorithms for placing cargo in deep warehouses equipped with shuttles and for unloading cargo from storage area given the possibility of placing cargo of various orders in a one duct have been developed. Practical significance: The developed algorithms can find their use in software product creation for the warehouse of deep storage with shuttles.
Assessment of Electromagnetic Situation for Automation and Remote Control Equipment on Railway Electrified Sections
Authors: Shamanov Viktor
Published: January 2023

Unstable operation of rail chain equipment and locomotive equipment of automatic locomotive signaling causes false switching of traffic lights that negatively affects the capacity of railway sections and train traffic safety. Such failures in automatic locomotive signaling operation impacts negatively on locomotive crew mentality. At increased intensity of the failures, it is allowed to turn off automatic locomotive signaling equipment as faulty one that significantly worsens train traffic safety. On electrified railways, the main cause of failures in this equipment operation is the interfering effect of traction currents.
Traction current most strongly interferes with the operation of these devices at this current inequality in rail lines at those places where rail chain equipment is connected or under receiving locomotive coils of automatic locomotive signaling. The interfering activity occurs while an asymmetry (difference in values) of longitudinal and/or transverse resistances of a rail line due to the deterioration of the state of rail butt connectors, throttle jumpers and/or the breakdown of spark arresters in the circuits of connection to rails of grounding circuits of various structures. It is difficult to control the state of electrically conductive elements in rail lines because of their multiplicity and also as their electrical resistance in a tolerance area has milliohm order. It causes the necessity to work out better ways on electro-magnetic situation check and approaches to define the condition of indicated elements such as numerous grounding circuits. It’s time-consuming task but must be carried out with the fulfillment of all requirements for operation in high-voltage lines. This article presents some results on the development of methods for controlling electrically conductive and insulating elements in rail chains and that are more suitable for performing maintenance work of equipment of rail chain and locomotive automatic signaling.
Review on optimization models and methods for shuttle urban and main transport timetables and traffic schedules
Authors: Gorbachev Aleksey
Published: January 2023

Review for used at the moment models and methods for the creation and optimization of shuttle timetables for urban and main transport is given in the article, major differences between post-Soviet and foreign experience in the technology of timetable and traffic schedule creation are considered. The article contains phased analysis of approaches to planning the work of urban transport. The issues of dividing the city transport network into routes, the problems of vehicle distribution between them are given, the mathematical models of shuttle transport timetables, the assignments of real vehicles of certain types to squads and drivers distribution between them for each date are presented, major reasons for using aperiodic urban transport traffic schedules on post-Soviet area are pointed. The history of the development of software automation systems for urban transport traffic schedules is narrated, there’re considered major approaches, implementing an automation for the creation of periodic, aperiodic and hybrid timetables and traffic schedules, for to develop modern informational systems for the being considered purposes.
Modelling of Railway Transport Infrastructure Operation in Emergency Situations Given Application of Inventory Kits
Authors: Yashin Mikhail , Panteleev Roman , Kushpil Igor , Fomin Nikita
Published: January 2023

When break in railway train traffic appears because of the impact of emergencies of natural, technogenic and biological-social character, it’s necessary to restore the sooner the better normal, stable and safe work of railway transport in a whole. Together, if to consider railway transport as a system, the changes proceeding in this system in the case of this kind impact, ‘re possible only above its mathematical model which is built for to describe railway transport infrastructure functioning in conditions of the impact of emergencies and ‘s realized in simulation model. For to raise recovery activity operativity and effectiveness it’s proposed the application of stationary floor recovery kits which include floor devices of railway automatics and remote control. The article describes the simulation model of railway transport infrastructure given stationary floor recovery kit of railway automatics and remote control, the model allows to pursue experiments, to calculate required amount of forces and means for to recover train interrupted traffic on railway stations as well as to assess the effectiveness of being implemented recovery works in emergency impact conditions.
Constructor to Form Services of Railway Freight on Russian Railway Ltd Network
Authors: Vorobiev Ivan , Novichihin Alexey , Kovalev Konstantin
Published: January 2023

The article defines the perspectives of “Freight Express” Service introduction which was approved on the polygons of Oktyabr’saya, Moscow, West-Siberian railways of Russian Federation. The task for service constructor formation for freight by railway transport with the purpose to rise route speed of train traffic was considered on the given service example. The given service characteristics and its realization analysis on the railway activity polygon are presented with the perspective of this trend development. There has been fulfilled being pursued work analysis on the attraction of new clients for railway transport, the expansion of provided service list and of individual clientoriented approach while rendering services and while interaction with Traffic Management Head Office. The proposed scheme of informational accompanying of freight service by railway transport on “Freight Express” example describes the service rendering organizational process. In comparison with the service rendering existing approach, the approach algorithmization and automation for wide spread on railway network is proposed.
Control System of Crane Electric Drive of Platform Type on the Basis of Controller with Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Chernyshev Denis
Published: January 2023

Control system on fuzzy logic basis is modelled for the electric drive of main motion of crane, located on a platform. As a basis for controllers, fuzzy logic theory and standard settings are used. The model of control system powered part is built according to vectorial control approach, with electric drive with rotor flux reference vector. Control system is implemented by submittal regulation mode with classic controller of current and with speed fuzzy controller, together, current inner circuit is setup on modular optimum. The purpose of system model development is energetical characteristics improvement at power supply from the sources with limited capacity and at meeting the requirements on control quality. In comparison with control system with speed fuzzy controller, the system of secondary regulation with current inner circuit, adjusted to modular optimum, and with speed outer circuit, adjusted to symmetric optimum, is used. The obtained parameters and setup logic of fuzzy controller of mathematical model may be used as a basis for programming in control systems. In being changed work outdoor conditions, the correction of such controller parameters is embodied by personnel on the basis of understandable logic rules and functions of belonging.
About Search of Optimal Paths in Fuzzy Graphs
Authors: Speranskiy Dmitry
Published: January 2023

A large variety of problems in different fields, including the problems of the creation of optimal solutions of different kinds, can be formulated in graph theory language in the form of search tasks at given graphs of optimal paths of special character. Many results in these courses are now obtained which refer to classical graph theory. In this theory, a graph is assumed to be a deterministic object and there are no any uncertainties (fuzzinesses) in its description and in the description of its functioning process. Nowadays, science has come to the realization that the majority of our knowledge and links with the external world do not correspond to formerly established classical notions about them. New approaches to these areas are now being developed, which imply principal impossibility to do without fuzzinesses that are accepted as a reality of human existence. This requires the development of complex of concepts and methods which in, this fuzziness should be taken into account really in practical applications. In the proposed article, the tasks of searching optimal paths according to some criteria in the frames of currently accepted fuzzy graph model are considered. When solving the problem of the shortest paths, the rule of choosing the “best” arc is introduced and motivated. The method of solving the tasks with the use of the design of oriented graph path tree is proposed. The notion of path feasibility in fuzzy graph is introduced, the feasibility is evaluated as the probability of path real existence in given graph. The method for calculation of path feasibility, based on the reduction of belonging degree of each arc in the path of graph path to its probability, is proposed. The task on the search of path with maximum feasibility is solved on this basis.
Right- and Left-Hand Traffic on the World Railways: History and Future
Authors: Vlasenko Sergey , Orunbekov Maksat
Published: January 2023

Starting with historical references on traffic direction choice and how railway transport has become the reason for the predomination of righthand traffic on transport other kinds, the authors dwelled on the examples of traffic directions on automotive and partially air and sea transport and then went to forecasting the future in the definition of motion directions on railway transport, technical limitations of the systems with floor traffic lights and approached to the analysis of signalless systems of traffic control with fixed block-plots and then with mobile ones. It was shown that modern solutions for high-speed lines should exclude fixed signals. The main domestic and foreign examples for the design and exploitation of such systems at the world railways and subways as well as advantages and disadvantages in terms of traffic capacity and safety were demonstrated. The comparison of domestic and foreign systems of interval regulation of train traffic was made in the article final part. The fundamental similarity of Russia signalless automatic blocking system “ALSO” with all-European system ETCS L2, preserving block-plot fixed lengths but excluding the use of checkpoint traffic lights, was demonstrated. In addition, the common principles for “ABTC-M” system, used on Russia railways, and ETCS L3 system with mobile block-plots, which rules out the use of traffic lights as well as the devices for track section vacancy control, are indicated. Both systems exclude fixed signals and fixed block sections. Then the example of the systems at railways and subways with mobile block-plots was demonstrated – the systems work on the difference in braking distances of trains, running in the same direction. These systems ensure the shortest headway thanks to data on speed and braking curve of a leading train. But such systems have a lot of limitations in terms of railway operation and safety.