bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis on Microblogging with K-Means Clustering and Artificial Bee Colony
Authors: Orkphol Korawit , Yang Wu
Published: July 2019

Microblogging is a type of blog used by people to express their opinions, attitudes, and feelings toward entities with a short message and this message is easily shared through the network of connected people. Knowing their sentiments would be beneficial for decision-making, planning, visualization, and so on. Grouping similar microblogging messages can convey some meaningful sentiments toward an entity. This task can be accomplished by using a simple and fast clustering algorithm, [Formula: see text]-means. As the microblogging messages are short and noisy they cause high sparseness and high-dimensional dataset. To overcome this problem, term frequency–inverse document frequency (tf–idf) technique is employed for selecting the relevant features, and singular value decomposition (SVD) technique is employed for reducing the high-dimensional dataset while still retaining the most relevant features. These two techniques adjust dataset to improve the [Formula: see text]-means efficiently. Another problem comes from [Formula: see text]-means itself. [Formula: see text]-means result relies on the initial state of centroids, the random initial state of centroids usually causes convergence to a local optimum. To find a global optimum, artificial bee colony (ABC), a novel swarm intelligence algorithm, is employed to find the best initial state of centroids. Silhouette analysis technique is also used to find optimal [Formula: see text]. After clustering into [Formula: see text] groups, each group will be scored by SentiWordNet and we analyzed the sentiment polarities of each group. Our approach shows that combining various techniques (i.e., tf–idf, SVD, and ABC) can significantly improve [Formula: see text]-means result (41% from normal [Formula: see text]-means).
Where does the time go? Assessing the chronostratigraphic fidelity of sedimentary geological outcrops in the Pliocene–Pleistocene Red Crag Formation, eastern England
Authors: Davies Neil S. , Shillito Anthony P. , McMahon William J.
Published: July 2019

It is widely understood that Earth's stratigraphic record is an incomplete record of time, but the implications that this has for interpreting sedimentary outcrop have received little attention. Here we consider how time is preserved at outcrop using the Neogene–Quaternary Red Crag Formation, England. The Red Crag Formation hosts sedimentological and ichnological proxies that can be used to assess the time taken to accumulate outcrop expressions of strata, as ancient depositional environments fluctuated between states of deposition, erosion and stasis. We use these to estimate how much time is preserved at outcrop scale and find that every outcrop provides only a vanishingly small window onto unanchored weeks to months within the 600–800 kyr of ‘Crag-time’. Much of the apparently missing time may be accounted for by the parts of the formation at subcrop, rather than outcrop: stratigraphic time has not been lost, but is hidden. The time-completeness of the Red Crag Formation at outcrop appears analogous to that recorded in much older rock units, implying that direct comparison between strata of all ages is valid and that perceived stratigraphic incompleteness is an inconsequential barrier to viewing the outcrop sedimentary-stratigraphic record as a truthful chronicle of Earth history.

Supplementary material:
Further details of the regional geology and specific information on outcrops are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.4561001
A case study for identification of organic–silt bottom sediments in an artificial lake formed in gravel alluvium in the geotourism locality of Slnečné Jazerá in Senec (Bratislava, Slovakia)
Authors: Marschalko Marian , Putiška René , Yilmaz Isik , Niemiec Dominik , Cheng Xianfeng , Dostal Ivan , Koleňák Petr
Published: July 2019

This case study aims to identify the cubic capacity and geometry of the geological body of silt–organic sediments in the environment of a former gravel pit situated in a drainless depression of the alluvium of the Čierna voda River. It is located in the well-known geotourism locality of Slnečné Jazera in Senec, in the SW of Slovakia. To identify the body, electrical resistivity tomography was combined with the use of sonar. The research shows that this approach is appropriate for a number of activities that are subjects of engineering-geological investigations. The cubic capacity and geometry of specific aqueous engineering-geological environments must be determined in connection with the need for the management, control, quantification and extraction of selected sedimentary bodies. In addition, the management of sustainable development of reservoirs, sedimentation basins, industrial ponds, settling pits and natural pools for recreation (the subject of the case study) is important to control the limit amounts of sediments in such environments. The results of this study may be applied in analogous engineering-geological conditions. The drainless depression Slnečné Jazera contained a body of silt–organic sediments amounting to 23 000 m
3
(41 Olympic-size pools of 25 m × 12.5 m × 1.8 m). The maximum thickness of the bottom sediments was about 6.3 m on the alluvium with an articulated morphology owing to the submerged digging of gravel. The proposed approach improved the control of extraction of the sedimentary body and optimized the engineering-geological conditions in this geotourism locality.
Soil DNA: advances in DNA technology offer a powerful new tool for forensic science
Authors: Young Jennifer M. , Higgins Denice , Austin Jeremy J.
Published: July 2019

Unsolved crimes add significant financial, legal and social costs to the community. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop robust solutions to deal with this growing issue. Soil forensic analysis is an emerging cross-disciplinary science that can deliver powerful physical evidence with significant benefits to criminal, counter-terrorism and environmental crime investigations. Technologies currently used, which are largely dependent on the examination of inorganic soil components, are unable to successfully resolve approximately 20% of soil comparisons in cases due to a deficiency in spatial resolution. The organic component of soil includes a vast number of living organisms, and the combination of these organisms can provide a biological signature to assist with soil comparisons. Recent developments in DNA sequencing technology enable characterization, and comparison, of these complex soil communities, providing additional discriminatory information that could potentially assist in cases that cannot currently be resolved. DNA analysis is routinely applied in forensic science to answer human- and non-human-related questions. This paper provides a broad overview of forensic DNA analysis, and describes the differences between DNA analysis of single specimen and complex soil DNA mixtures. We also highlight key areas of future research required for this technique to be fully utilized in casework.
An Improved Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm and Its Application in Multilabel Image Labeling
Authors: Cao Jianfang , Wu Chenyan , Chen Lichao , Cui Hongyan , Feng Guoqing
Published: July 2019

In today’s society, image resources are everywhere, and the number of available images can be overwhelming. Determining how to rapidly and effectively query, retrieve, and organize image information has become a popular research topic, and automatic image annotation is the key to text-based image retrieval. If the semantic images with annotations are not balanced among the training samples, the low-frequency labeling accuracy can be poor. In this study, a dual-channel convolution neural network (DCCNN) was designed to improve the accuracy of automatic labeling. The model integrates two convolutional neural network (CNN) channels with different structures. One channel is used for training based on the low-frequency samples and increases the proportion of low-frequency samples in the model, and the other is used for training based on all training sets. In the labeling process, the outputs of the two channels are fused to obtain a labeling decision. We verified the proposed model on the Caltech-256, Pascal VOC 2007, and Pascal VOC 2012 standard datasets. On the Pascal VOC 2012 dataset, the proposed DCCNN model achieves an overall labeling accuracy of up to 93.4% after 100 training iterations: 8.9% higher than the CNN and 15% higher than the traditional method. A similar accuracy can be achieved by the CNN only after 2,500 training iterations. On the 50,000-image dataset from Caltech-256 and Pascal VOC 2012, the performance of the DCCNN is relatively stable; it achieves an average labeling accuracy above 93%. In contrast, the CNN reaches an accuracy of only 91% even after extended training. Furthermore, the proposed DCCNN achieves a labeling accuracy for low-frequency words approximately 10% higher than that of the CNN, which further verifies the reliability of the proposed model in this study.
Control Sets of Linear Control Systems on Matrix Groups and Applications
Authors: Ayala Víctor , Román-Flores Heriberto , Torreblanca Todco María
Published: July 2019

We review recent results on control sets of linear control systems on matrix groups. We also mention some applications of systems with algebraic structures.
Fuzzy Classification of the Maturity of the Tomato Using a Vision System
Authors: Villaseñor-Aguilar Marcos J. , Botello-Álvarez J. Enrique , Pérez-Pinal F. Javier , Cano-Lara Miroslava , León-Galván M. Fabiola , Bravo-Sánchez Micael-G. , Barranco-Gutierrez Alejandro I.
Published: July 2019

Artificial vision systems (AVS) have become very important in precision agriculture applied to produce high-quality and low-cost foods with high functional characteristics generated through environmental care practices. This article reported the design and implementation of a new fuzzy classification architecture based on the RGB color model with descriptors. Three inputs were used that are associated with the average value of the color components of four views of the tomato; the number of triangular membership functions associated with the components R and B were three and four for the case of component G. The amount of tomato samples used in training were forty and twenty for testing; the training was done using the Matlab© ANFISEDIT. The tomato samples were divided into six categories according to the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). This study focused on optimizing the descriptors of the color space to achieve high precision in the prediction results of the final classification task with an error of 536,995×10-6. The Computer Vision System (CVS) is integrated by an image isolation system with lighting; the image capture system uses a Raspberry Pi 3 and Camera Module Raspberry Pi 2 at a fixed distance and a black background. In the implementation of the CVS, three different color description methods for tomato classification were analyzed and their respective diffuse systems were also designed, two of them using the descriptors described in the literature.
Pathology of A(H5N8) (Clade 2.3.4.4) Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens and Mice
Authors: Prokopyeva Elena A. , Zinserling Vsevolod A. , Bae You-Chan , Kwon Yongkuk , Kurskaya Olga G. , Sobolev Ivan A. , Kozhin Peter M. , Komissarov Andrey , Fadeev Artem , Petrov Vladimir , Shestopalov Alexander M. , Sharshov Kirill A.
Published: July 2019

The emergence of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) in migratory birds raises serious concerns as these viruses have the potential to spread during fall migration. We report the identification of novel HPAIV A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 virus that was isolated from sick domestic duck at commercial farm during the second wave of spread that began in October and affected poultry (ducks; chiсkens) in several European regions of Russia and Western Siberia in 2016. The strain was highly lethal in experimental infection of chickens and mice with IVPI = 2.34 and MLD50 = 1.3log10⁡ EID50, accordingly. Inoculation of chickens with the HPAIV A/H5N8 demonstrated neuroinvasiveness, multiorgan failure, and death of chickens on the 3rd day post inoculation. Virus replicated in all collected organ samples in high viral titers with the highest titer in the brain (6.75±0.1 log10TCID50/ml). Effective virus replication was found in the following cells: neurons and glial cells of a brain; alveolar cells and macrophages of lungs; epithelial cells of a small intestine; hepatocytes and Kupffer cells of a liver; macrophages and endothelial cells of a spleen; and the tubular epithelial cells of kidneys. These findings advance our understanding of histopathological effect of A(H5N8) HPAIV infection.
An Experimental Characterization on the Acoustic Performance of Forward/Rearward Retraction of a Nose Landing Gear
Authors: Liang Yong , Zhao Kun , Chen Yingchun , Zhang Longjun , Bennett Gareth J.
Published: July 2019

The modern undercarriage system of a large aircraft normally requires the landing gear to be retractable. The nose landing gear, installed in the front of the fuselage, is retracted either forward or rearward. In the forward/rearward retraction system, the landing gear is normally installed to the trailing/leading side of the bay. When the incoming flow passes the landing gear as well as the bay, the installation that corresponds to the forward/rearward retraction system has a significant impact on the coupling flow and the associated noise of the landing gear and the bay. In this paper, acoustic performance of the forward/rearward retraction of the nose landing gear was discussed based on experiment. The landing gear bay was simplified as a rectangular cavity, and tests were conducted in an aeroacoustics wind tunnel. The cavity oscillation was first analyzed with different incoming speeds. Then, the landing gear model was installed close to the trailing and the leading side of the cavity, respectively. It was observed that installation close to the leading side can help disturb the shear layer so as to suppress the oscillation, while the trailing one can make the landing gear itself produce lower noise. Accordingly, conclusions on the acoustic performance of the forward/rearward retraction of the nose landing gear are made.
A Predictive Model for Damage Assessment and Deformation in Blast Walls Resulted by Hydrocarbon Explosions
Authors: Aleyaasin Majid
Published: July 2019

In this paper, a new method is developed to find the ductility ratio in blast walls, resulted by hydrocarbon explosions. In this method, only the explosion energy and distance from the centre of explosion are required to find the damage by using simple predictive models in terms of empirical‐type formulas. The explosion model herein is a TNO multiphysic method. This provides the maximum overpressure and pulse duration in terms of the explosion length and distance from explosion centre. Thereafter, the obtained results are combined with the SDOF model of the blast wall to determine the ductility ratio and the damage. By using advanced optimisation techniques, two types of predictive models are found. In the first model, the formula is found in terms of 2 parameters of explosion length and distance from explosion centre. However, the 2nd model has 3 parameters of explosion length, distance, and also the natural period of the blast wall. These predictive models are then used to find explosion damages and ductility ratio. The results are compared with FEM analysis and pressure‐impulse (P‐I) method. It is shown that both types of models fit well with the outputs of the simulation. Moreover, results of both models are close to FEM analysis. The comparison tables provided in this paper show that, in the asymptotic region of P‐I diagrams, results are not accurate. Therefore, this new method is superior to classical pressure‐impulse (P‐I) diagrams in the literature. Advantage of the new method is the easy damage assessment by using simple empirical‐type formulas. Therefore, the researchers can use the method in this paper, for damage assessment in other types of blast resistive structures.
Effect of Various OR Noise on Fine Motor Skills, Cognition, and Mood
Authors: Rogers Cara Marie , Palmerton Hannah , Saway Brian , Tomlinson Devin , Simonds Gary
Published: July 2019

Background. The amalgam of noises inherent to the modern-day operating room has the potential of diluting surgeon concentration, which could affect surgeon performance and mood and have implications on quality of care and surgeon resilience. Objective. Evaluate the impact of operating room environmental noises on surgeon performance including fine motor dexterity, cognition, and mood. Methods. 37 subjects were tested under three different environmental noise conditions including silence, a prerecorded soundtrack of a loud bustling operating room, and with background music of their choosing. We used the Motor Performance Series to test motor dexterity, neuropsychological tests to evaluate cognitive thinking, and Profile of Mood States to test mental well-being. Results. Our results showed that typical operating room noise had no impact on motor dexterity but music improved the speed and precision of movements and information processing skills. Neurocognitive testing showed a significant decrement from operating room noise on verbal learning and delayed memory, whereas music improved complex attention and mental flexibility. The Profile of Mood States found that music resulted in a significant decrease in feelings of anger, confusion, fatigue, and tension along with decreased total mood disturbance, which is a measure of psychological distress. Loud operating room noise had a negative impact on feelings of vigor but no increase in total mood disturbance. Conclusion. Our results suggest that loud and unnecessary environmental noises can be distracting to a surgeon, so every effort should be taken to minimize these. Music of the surgeons’ choosing does not negatively affect fine motor dexterity or cognition and has an overall positive impact on mood and can therefore be safely practiced if desired.
Working Mechanism of Pile Group with Different Pile Spacing in Dense Sand
Authors: Chen Yadong , Lu Fan , Namdar Abdoullah , Cai Jiangdong
Published: July 2019

Complex interaction mechanism exists between the pile group and soil. To realize the pile‐soil load transmission mechanism in detail, the failure pattern of pile groups installed in dense sand considering different pile spacing was investigated by means of laboratory experimental model test and three‐dimensional discrete element method. The results suggested that the narrow pile spacing was beneficial to the development of the pile tip resistance, and it enhanced the bearing performance of the pile group at the initial stage of settlement. The pile spacing changed the shaft resistance pattern with modification of the strain energy mechanism released within the subsoil. The pile group with 6b pile spacing had higher composite group efficiency. A joint fan‐shaped displacement zone was formed beneath the pile tip for the pile group with 3b pile spacing; this pile foundation presented the block failure mechanism. The sand displacement beneath the cap for the pile group with 6b pile spacing mainly located on the upper part of the piles, the sand displacement around both sides of the piles presented asymmetric, and a relatively independent fan‐shaped displacement zone was formed beneath the pile tip.
Influence of Heat Processing on DNA Degradation and PCR-Based Detection of Wild-Type and Transgenic Maize
Authors: Bitskinashvili Kakha , Gabriadze Inga , Kutateladze Tamara , Vishnepolsky Boris , Mikeladze David , Datukishvili Nelly
Published: July 2019

Reliable detection of genetically modified (GM) maize is significant for food authenticity, labelling, quality, and safety assessment. This study aims to evaluate the factors influencing degradation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA from the wild type and transgenic maize (events Bt-176 and MON810) during thermal treatment at 100°C and 121°C. A new PCR method was developed targeting the Cry1Ab gene to detect insect-resistant GM plants. The yield of genomic DNAs extracted by the DNeasy plant mini kit dramatically decreased while DNAs obtained by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide- (CTAB-) based method did not show any visible changes in the yield by the time of processing. Treatment at 100°C did not significantly affect either genomic DNAs or amplicons. Heating at 121°C induced time-dependent degradation of genomic DNAs and exogenous Cry1Ab gene; however, it did not have any considerable influence on the exogenous 141 bp amplicons or endogenous amplicons in the range of 102 bp to 226 bp with the exception of the event MON810 extracted by the DNeasy plant mini kit. More yield was observed at 226 bp than 140 bp fragment of the invertase gene. The 141 bp fragment of the transgenic CaMV 35S promoter exhibited the highest thermal stability of all the examined amplicons. Analysis of foodstuffs demonstrated 102 bp amplicons specific for the zein gene as the effective marker to detect maize in the processed foods. The obtained results demonstrate that PCR-based detection of the wild type and transgenic maize is dependent on the combination of different parameters of crucial factors such as temperature and duration of exposure, transgenic event, DNA extraction method, DNA marker, and size and location of amplicons.
Partial and Transient Clinical Response to Omalizumab in IL-21-Induced Low STAT3-Phosphorylation on Hyper-IgE Syndrome
Authors: Alonso-Bello Cesar Daniel , Jiménez-Martínez María del Carmen , Vargas-Camaño María Eugenia , Hierro-Orozco Sagrario , Ynga-Durand Mario Alberto , Berrón-Ruiz Laura , Alcántara-Montiel Julio César , Santos-Argumedo Leopoldo , Herrera-Sánchez Diana Andrea , Lozano-Patiño Fernando , Castrejón-Vázquez María Isabel
Published: July 2019

Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by elevated levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), eczematous dermatitis, cold abscesses, and recurrent infections of the lung and skin caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The dominant form is characterized by nonimmunologic features including skeletal, connective tissue, and pulmonary abnormalities in addition to recurrent infections and eczema. Omalizumab is a humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody against IgE. Several studies reported clinical improvement with omalizumab in patients with severe atopic eczema with high serum IgE level. We present the case of a 37-year-old male with HIES and cutaneous manifestations, treated with humanized recombinant monoclonal antibodies efalizumab and omalizumab. After therapy for 4 years, we observed diminished eczema and serum IgE levels.
Occurrence of Antibiotics and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Landfill Sites in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Borquaye Lawrence Sheringham , Ekuadzi Edmund , Darko Godfred , Ahor Hubert Senanu , Nsiah Sarah Twumwah , Lartey Jemima Asi , Mutala Abdul-Hakim , Boamah Vivian Etsiapa , Woode Eric
Published: July 2019

The incidence of antimicrobial resistance among microbial communities is a major threat to global health care and security. Landfills, which are reservoirs for many pharmaceuticals, provide a conducive habitat for antimicrobial-resistant microbes and resistant gene transfer and are therefore a major contributor to the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. Hence, this study determined the levels of three widely used antibiotics, metronidazole, penicillin, and amoxicillin, and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance amongst microbes in soil and leachate samples from active and abandoned landfill sites in Kumasi, Ghana. Soil samples were collected from one active and four abandoned landfills, while leachate specimen was collected only from the active landfill. Sonication and solid-phase extraction (SPE) were used for sample preparation, followed by analysis via an HPLC-PDA method. Isolation and characterization of bacteria were done using standard bacteriological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was determined following the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) guidelines. Antibiotics were detected at very high concentrations in the specimen collected from both active and abandoned landfill sites. For leachate samples obtained from Dompoase, penicillin was present at the highest concentration (67.42 ± 5.35 μg/mL, p<0.05) followed by metronidazole (18.25 ± 7.92 μg/mL) and amoxicillin (10.96 ± 6.93 μg/mL). In general, the levels of antibiotics in soil samples were similar at both active and abandoned landfill sites. Nonetheless, as with leachates, penicillin levels were much higher (p<0.05) than levels of amoxicillin and metronidazole within any particular site. When screened against some antibiotics, Enterobacteriaceae and some Bacillus and Listeria species isolated from the soil and leachate samples proved to be resistant. The high levels of antibiotics coupled with the presence of resistant microbes at these landfills sites call for immediate measures to halt the disposal of pharmaceuticals in the environment so as to avert any possible public health setback.
Averaged and Integrated Estimations of Varying-Coefficient Regression Models with Dependent Observations
Authors: Fan Guo-Liang , Xu Hong-Xia
Published: July 2019

In practical applications, lots of data such as sequentially collected economic data often exhibit some evident dependence. This paper studies the varying-coefficient regression models with different smoothing variables when the data form a stationaryα-mixing sequence. Both the averaged and integrated estimators of coefficient functions are proposed. The asymptotic normalities of the proposed averaged and integrated estimators are also established.
Multisources Risk Management in a Supply Chain under Option Contracts
Authors: Luo Jiarong , Zhang Xiaolin , Jiang Xianglan
Published: July 2019

Uncertainties in product demand, component yield, and spot price are keys to many industrial settings and they are usually explicitly incorporated. This paper develops an analytical framework to value option contracts in hedging the risks in a supply chain consisting of a component supplier with random yield and a manufacturer facing stochastic demand for end products. The manufacturer can obtain the components from the supplier through firm order contracts and option contracts. Apart from the contract market, there is a spot market in which both the manufacturer and the supplier can buy or sell the components. Analytical expressions for the optimal ordering and production policies are derived. Our study shows that the manufacturer and the supplier can effectively deal with the risks they involve by adopting option contracts. However, we find that the supply chain cannot be coordinated by the traditional option contract. To coordinate such system, we propose a protocol to be combined with the option contract. Finally, the explicit condition for coordination under the proposed contracts is identified.
Maximum Independent Sets Partition of (n, k)‐Star Graphs
Authors: Hu Fu-Tao
Published: July 2019

The (n, k)‐star graph is a very important computer modelling. The independent number and chromatic number of a graph are two important parameters in graph theory. However, we have not known the values of these two parameters of the (n, k)‐star graph since it was proposed. In this paper, we show a maximum independent sets partition of (n, k)‐star graph. From that, we can immediately deduce the exact value of the independent number and chromatic number of (n, k)‐star graph.
On Naturally Ordered Abundant Semigroups with an Adequate Monoid Transversal
Authors: Chen Wei
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we study a class of naturally ordered abundant semigroups with an adequate monoid transversal, namely, naturally ordered concordant semigroups with an adequate monoid transversal. After giving some properties of such semigroups, we obtain a structure theorem for naturally ordered concordant semigroups with an adequate monoid transversal.
Temozolomide Sensitizes MGMT-Deficient Tumor Cells to ATR Inhibitors
Authors: Jackson Christopher B. , Noorbakhsh Seth I. , Sundaram Ranjini K. , Kalathil Aravind N. , Ganesa Sachita , Jia Lanqi , Breslin Hank , Burgenske Danielle M. , Gilad Oren , Sarkaria Jann N. , Bindra Ranjit S.
Published: July 2019

O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is an enzyme that removes alkyl groups at the O6-position of guanine in DNA. MGMT expression is reduced or absent in many tumor types derived from a diverse range of tissues, most notably in glioma. Low MGMT expression confers significant sensitivity to DNA alkylating agents such as temozolomide, providing a natural therapeutic index over normal tissue. In this study, we sought to identify novel approaches that could maximally exploit the therapeutic index between tumor cells and normal tissues based on MGMT expression, as a means to enhance selective tumor cell killing. Temozolomide, unlike other alkylators, activated the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3–related (ATR)–checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) axis in a manner that was highly dependent on MGMT status. Temozolomide induced growth delay, DNA double-strand breaks, and G2–M cell-cycle arrest, which led to ATR-dependent phosphorylation of Chk1; this effect was dependent on reduced MGMT expression. Treatment of MGMT-deficient cells with temozolomide increased sensitivity to ATR inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo across numerous tumor cell types. Taken together, this study reveals a novel approach for selectively targeting MGMT-deficient cells with ATR inhibitors and temozolomide. As ATR inhibitors are currently being tested in clinical trials, and temozolomide is a commonly used chemotherapeutic, this approach is clinically actionable. Furthermore, this interaction potently exploits a DNA-repair defect found in many cancers.

Significance:

Monofunctional alkylating agents sensitize MGMT-deficient tumor cells to ATR inhibitors.
Effects of Iliac Stenosis on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation in Mice and Humans
Authors: Sangha Gurneet S. , Busch Albert , Acuna Andrea , Berman Alycia G. , Phillips Evan H. , Trenner Matthias  , Eckstein Hans-Henning , Maegdefessel Lars , Goergen Craig J.
Published: July 2019

Reduced lower-limb blood flow has been shown to lead to asymmetrical abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) but the mechanism of action is not fully understood. Therefore, small animal ultrasound (Vevo2100, FUJIFILM VisualSonics) was used to longitudinally study mice that underwent standard porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) infusion (n = 5), and PPE infusion with modified 20% iliac artery stenosis in the left (n = 4) and right (n = 5) iliac arteries. Human AAA computed tomography images were obtained from patients with normal (n = 9) or stenosed left (n = 2), right (n = 1), and bilateral (n = 1) iliac arteries. We observed rapid early growth and rightward expansion (8/9 mice) in the modified PPE groups (p < 0.05), leading to slightly larger and asymmetric AAAs compared to the standard PPE group. Further examination showed a significant increase in TGFβ1 (p < 0.05) and cellular infiltration (p < 0.05) in the modified PPE group versus standard PPE mice. Congruent, yet variable, observations were made in human AAA patients with reduced iliac outflow compared to those with normal iliac outflow. Our results suggest that arterial stenosis at the time of aneurysm induction leads to faster AAA growth with aneurysm asymmetry and increased vascular inflammation after 8 weeks, indicating that moderate iliac stenosis may have upstream effects on AAA progression.
Intracranial Germinoma Masquerading as Secondary Granulomatous Hypophysitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Pal Rimesh , Rai Ashutosh , Vaiphei Kim , Gangadhar Prathosh , Gupta Prakamya , Mukherjee Kanchan Kumar , Singh Paramjeet , Ray Nirmalya , Bhansali Anil , Dutta Pinaki
Published: July 2019

Germinomas are highly immunogenic tumors eliciting a strong peri-tumoral immune response that can spillover into the surrounding healthy tissues. This phenomenon can also occur in intracranial germinomas, manifesting as secondary hypophysitis. Herein, we report a case of 12-year-old-girl presenting with polyuria and polydispsia. She had central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and panhypopituitarism. Imaging revealed a sellar-suprasellar mass with infundibular stalk thickening. Transphenoidal biopsy revealed epithelioid granulomas with immunostaining negative for germinomatous cells. Other causes of hypophysitis were ruled out. Accordingly, she was diagnosed as primary granulomatous hypophysitis and treated with high-dose corticosteroids. Three years later she again presented with headache, vomiting and diminution of vision. Imaging showed a heterogeneous, solid-cystic peripheral rim-enhancing lesion at the same location with involvement of hypothalamus, ependyma and pineal gland. Cerebrospinal fluid beta-human chorionic gonadotropin was markedly elevated, confirming the diagnosis of an intracranial germ cell tumor. She was started on chemotherapy; however, she succumbed to febrile neutropenia. We performed a literature search and found 18 anecdotal cases of secondary hypophysitis associated with intracranial germinomas. There was a slight male preponderance (male:female 5:4). Two-thirds of the cases were below 18 years of age. Polyuria was the most common presenting manifestation (83%). CDI and panhypopituitarism were seen in 89 and 78% cases, respectively. Imaging evidence of pituitary stalk thickening was seen in 12 cases (67%), while pituitary enlargement and/or sellar mass were reported in 11 cases (61%). Pineal involvement was extremely rare, being reported in only 1 case, implying the predilection of suprasellar (rather than pineal) germinomas in causing secondary hypophysitis. Histologically, 82% had lymphocytic hypophysitis, while 18% had granulomatous hypophysitis. Initially, the diagnosis of germinoma was missed in 60% of the cases who were wrongly treated with corticosteroids. To conclude, physicians should make it a dictum that all children and adolescents presenting with CDI and pituitary stalk thickening should be rigorously screened for an underlying intracranial germinoma before labeling them as primary hypophysitis.
Na margem da história
Authors: Wanderlei Ludimilla Carvalho
Published: July 2019

Este artigo analisa trabalhos fotográficos de Paolo Gioli e Dirceu Maués que utilizam o suporte analógico, discutindo a natureza elástica do tempo e sua duração. Buscamos pensar o caráter experimental ensejado pelo uso de câmeras artesanais e investigar os atravessamentos entre cinema, fotografia e pintura. Estes exemplos de imagens, somados aos trabalhos de artistas contrários ao modelo da imagem pura e direta consagrada pela “forma fotografia”, ajudam a escrever na contemporaneidade uma historiografia particular do medium fotográfico, caracterizada por uma estética dos ruídos, do imprevisto, do caos.
Tagetes imbricata (Asteraceae, Tageteae), a new species from northwestern Argentina and Bolivia
Authors: SCHIAVINATO DARIO J. , BARTOLI ADRIANA
Published: July 2019

A new species of Tagetes, T. imbricata, is described and photographed. This species that grows in northwestern Argentina and Bolivia is characterized by annual habit, lax terminal corymbiform inflorescences, partially purplish 5-lobed involucres, and imbricated ray flowers with yellowish-white corollas. A taxonomic description complemented with photographs and a map of geographical distribution is provided. In addition, a detailed comparison of the new species and its closely morphologically similar species is also presented, as well as a key to differentiate annual species of Tagetes that grow in northwestern Argentina and Bolivia.
Review of the species of Ittys (Chalcidoidea: Trichogrammatidae) occuring in the United States, with the description of four new species
Authors: GEORGE JEREMIAH N.
Published: July 2019

The United States fauna of the genus Ittys (Trichogrammatidae: Paracentrobiini) is revised for the first time. This revision includes a redescription of the genus, redescriptions of the named North American species with illustrations of diagnostic characters. The genus Ittys contains three described North American species which are all considered synonyms of the widespread Ittys ceresarum (Ashmead). Four new species from the United States I. californica n. sp., I. infuscata n. sp., I. macfarlandi n. sp. and I. inermis n. sp. are described as new.
A revision of the mealybug genus Mirococcopsis Borchsenius (Homoptera: Coccinea: Pseudococcidae) based on the structure of the adult females
Authors: GAVRILOV ILYA A.
Published: July 2019

Eleven species of the genus Mirococcopsis Borchsenius, 1948, including a new species Mirococcopsis kalaginae Gavrilov, are revised and illustrated. Lectotypes of M. avetianae Ter-Grigorian, 1964, M. borchsenii (Ter-Grigorian, 1964a), and M. rubida Borchsenius, 1948 are designated. In addition, Eumirococcus Ter-Gregorian, 1964a, syn. nov. is considered a synonym of Mirococcopsis Borchsenius, 1948; Liucoccus Borchsenius, 1960 is considered a subgenus of Mirococcopsis, and M. brevipilosa Matesova, 1982, syn. nov. is considered a synonym of M. ammophila Bazarov & Nurmamatov, 1975. Due to the presence of very characteristic oral collar tubular ducts on M. stipae Borchsenius, 1949, this species is transferred to the genus Volvicoccus Goux, 1945: V. stipae (Borchsenius), comb. n. Some aspects of the morphology of Mirococcopsis and of other related genera, combined here in a group of Cryptoripersia Cockerell in Ehrhorn, 1899, are briefly discussed.
A new genus and three new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyidae) from South China
Authors: LI DE-WEI , WANG GUO-QUAN , WEI SUI-GAI
Published: July 2019

In this paper, a new genus and three new species of eriophyid mites from Heng County and Longlin County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, South China are described and illustrated: Calpentaconvexus eyrei n. gen. and n. sp. infesting Castanopsis eyrei (Champ. ex Benth.) Tutch. (Fagaceae); Phyllocoptruta subcoriaceae n. sp. infesting Embelia subcoriacea Mez. (Myrsinaceae) and Petanovicia discolor n. sp. infesting Sapium discolor (Champ. ex Benth.) Muell.-Arg. (Euphorbiaceae). A key to species of Phyllocoptruta from China is provided.
A new species of the genus Otiorhynchus Germar, 1822 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) from Western Anatolia (Turkey)
Authors: KESKIN BEKIR
Published: July 2019

A new Otiorhynchus GERMAR, 1822 species from Western Turkey is described and illustrated. O. (Paracryphiphorus) magnanoi sp. n. is closely related to O. (Paracryphiphorus) bicostatus BOHEMAN IN SCHÖNHERR, 1843.
Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Harpalus in China, with description of new taxa (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini)
Authors: KATAEV BORIS M. , LIANG HONGBIN
Published: July 2019

The paper deals with the taxonomy of six Palaearctic species of the genus Harpalus Latreille, 1802, two of which are described as new, from China: H. vernicosus sp. n. (Sichuan and Tibet) and H. parasinuatus sp. n. (Sichuan and Qinghai). Three species (H. viridanus Motschulsky, 1844, H. kaznakovi Kataev & Wrase, 1997, and H. giacomazzoi Kataev & Wrase, 1996) are treated as polytypic and three new subspecies are described from China: H. viridanus angustibasis ssp. n. (Qinghai, Tibet, and Sichuan), H. kaznakovi lilliputa ssp. n. (Tibet), and H. giacomazzoi gracilis ssp. n. (Tibet). H. viridanus staudingerianus Schauberger, 1932, stat. rest., which was formerly synonymized with H. viridanus, is treated as a separate subspecies from southernmost Gansu. New data about the distribution of H. potanini Tschitschérine, 1906 are provided and the taxonomic position of this species is discussed. Lectotypes are designated for H. przewalskyi Tschitschérine, 1894 (the former designation of the lectotype of this taxon by Kataev in 1989 is invalid), H. fuscipalpis var. versicolor Reitter, 1900 and H. potanini Tschitschérine, 1906.
Two new species of Pseudoscopelus (Teleostei: Chiasmodontidae), with a new diagnosis for the genus
Authors: MELO MARCELO R.S. , WALKER H. J. , KLEPADLO CYNTHIA
Published: July 2019

Two new species of the deep-sea fish genus Pseudoscopelus are described, P. lavenbergi from the eastern Pacific, and P. bothrorrhinos from the western Pacific and Indian Oceans. A new diagnosis for Pseudoscopelus based on two synapomorphies is proposed: the dorsal margin of the orbit is formed by infraorbital 6; the last pore of the infraorbital canal is on the dorsal edge of the orbit, anterior to the middle of the pupil. Twelve species of the genus are considered valid, with P. microps confirmed as a junior synonym of P. altipinnis, and P. stellatus regarded as species inquerida.
Glenn Robert Webb (1918–1999), his molluscan taxa, and his journal Gastropodia (1952–1994). Zootaxa, 1589, 1–21. (ERRATUM)
Authors: KABAT A. R. , PETIT R. E.
Published: July 2019

ERRATUM
Montealtosuchus arrudacamposi, a new peirosaurid crocodile (Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of Brazil
Authors: DE SOUZA CARVALHO ISMAR , DE VASCONCELLOS FELIPE MESQUITA , TAVARES SANDRA APARECIDA SIMIONATO
Published: July 2019

We describe a new species of Peirosauridae (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia), Montealtosuchus arrudacamposi gen. nov. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian-Santonian) strata of the Bauru Basin, Brazil. Montealtosuchus was found at the outskirts of Monte Alto County in reddish sandstones of the Adamantina Formation. This specimen is exquisitely preserved with skull, mandible, postcranial and exoskeletal elements in articulation that provides critical information of the anatomy of this group. The occurrence of Peirosauridae in the Adamantina Formation (Turonian-Santonian) widens the chronostratigraphic range of this Mesoeucrocodylia taxon in Brazil. Recent analysis suggests that the Peirosauridae is restricted to the Late Cretaceous deposits of South America.
Parapinnixa bolagnosi, a new species of pinnotherid crab from Cubagua Island and Los Frailes Archipelago, Venezuela (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-ÁVILA IVÁN , CAMPOS ERNESTO
Published: July 2019

Parapinnixa bolagnosi new species, is described from Cubagua Island and Los Frailes Archipelago in the Caribbean Sea off Venezuela based on female specimens. The new species is distinguished from the other nominal species of the genus by having a third maxilliped with a biarticulated palp and by the absence of an exopod. The description of the genus Parapinnixa Holmes, 1894, is amended to accommodate these two distinctive characters.
Thienemannimyia Fittkau (Diptera: Chironomidae) from China
Authors: CHENG MING , WANG XINHUA
Published: July 2019

The genus Thienemannimyia Fittkau, 1957 is recorded from the Oriental region for the first time. T. barberi (Coquillett, 1902), T. fusciceps (Edwards, 1929) and T. laeta (Meigen, 1818) are reported in the region, and two new species, T. dimorpha sp. n. and T. galbina sp. n. are described and illustrated as males. T. fusciceps and T. geijskesi (Goetghebuer, 1934) are also recorded from Palaearctic China. The generic diagnosis is emended and a key to the males of Thienemannimyia is presented.
What is Amphipteryx agrioides Selys 1853 (Odonata: Amphipterygidae)?
Authors: GONZÁLEZ-SORIANO ENRIQUE , VON ELLENRIEDER N.
Published: July 2019

The family Amphipterygidae comprises a group of moderately large, robust species of pan-tropical damselflies. It was first recognized by Selys (1853) as his "6me legion" based on the description of a unique female which he named "Amphipteryx agrioïdes." Its provenance ("Colombie. [Collect. Selys.]") has remained a mystery as no specimens of this genus had subsequently been collected from South America. Selys (1854a: 241, 243) expanded on the distribution of the specimen noting (page 241) that it had been collected “dans la province de Cumana (Amérique méridionale équatoriale)” and (page 243) “d’après un exemplaire recueilli par M. Funck, et qui se trouvait avec l’ Hetaerina majuscula et l’ Agrion (Hyponevra) Funcki….” De Marmels (1990) dismissed the record of A. agrioides from “Cumaná [Venezuela]” as unlikely and suggested deletion of the species from that country.The single holotype female was apparently never re-examined, except by the late B.E. Montgomery who never published his observations, until recently (von Ellenrieder & Garrison 2007). Calvert (1901) in his Biologia Centrali-Americana assigned this name to specimens from Mexico and Guatemala. He described the male for the first time and gave a description of the female comparing it with the original description and noting that "The hind prothoracic lobe also possesses two dorsal lamellate processes (not mentioned by Selys)…." González (1991) described A. longicaudatus (should be A. longicaudata; Novelo 1995) from Oaxaca, Mexico and distinguished this species from A. agrioides based only on Calvert's (1901) description and illustrations. Several years ago, Rosser W. Garrison was sent digital images of the holotype female of A. agrioides by Jérôme Constant of the IRSNB, and observed that the pronotal armature differed from specimens given this name by Calvert (1901) and González (1991) (Garrison pers. comm.). Since Amphipteryx is the type genus of the family Amphipterygidae, it is imperative that its type species, A. agrioides, be correctly assigned to specimens. The purpose of this paper is to determine the correct identity of A. agrioides, provide diagnostic illustrations of the same, and discuss the location of its type locality.
Descriptions of three new species of Melanochromis (Teleostei: Cichlidae) and a redescription of M. vermivorus
Authors: KONINGS-DUDIN GERTRUD , KONINGS ADRIANUS F. , STAUFFER, JR. JAY R.
Published: July 2019

The Lake Malaŵi genus Melanochromis included five species at its inception and was originally distinguished from Pseudotropheus on the basis of morphology including the arrangement of pharyngeal teeth. The diagnosis has been extended twice, first to include all elongate mbuna that possess horizontal stripes and U-shaped tooth bands and later to exclude mbuna that do not exhibit a sex-related reversal in their color pattern. We have further refined the diagnosis of the genus on the basis of the melanin pattern, resolved a longstanding dispute regarding the validity of M. heterochromis, re-evaluated the status of M. vermivorus, synonymized M. mellitus Johnson 1976 with M. melanopterus Trewavas 1935, moved M. benetos Bowers and Stauffer 1977 to Pseudotropheus, and described M. kaskazini, M. wochepa, and M. mossambiquensis from the eastern shore of the lake. Melanochromis is still paraphyletic as two species, M. joanjohnsonae Johnson 1974 and M. labrosus Trewavas 1935, are not congruent with the rest of the group, but, currently, a better alternative for these two could not be found.
Revision of Biserovus xiae Li, Su & Yu, 2004 (Tardigrada: Macrobiotidae)
Authors: LI XIAOCHEN
Published: July 2019

Biserovus xiae Li, Su & Yu is re-described and assigned to the genus Insuetifurca. I. xiae comb. nov. (Li, Su & Yu, 2004) differs from I. arrowsmithi (Kathman & Nelson, 1989) by having a much lower pt of the pharyngeal tube and by the presence of a crescent-shaped cuticular bar behind the double claws on the first three pairs of legs; I. xiae differs from I. fujiense (Ito, 1997) by having macroplacoids equal in length or the second is the shortest instead of the macroplacoids increasing in length from the first to the third and by the presence of a crescent-shaped cuticular bar behind the double claws on the first three pairs of legs.