bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of prenatal factors and in formation of asthma phenotypes in children (part I)
Authors: Zhelenina Liudmila A , Galustyan Anna N , Platonova Natalya B , Kuropatenko Mariya V
Published: August 2016

Results of the prospective study conducted to assess the perinatal risk factors contribution in the asthma phenotypes formation in childhood are presented. Of 712 children, which have been observed from the first wheezing onset in St Petersburg’s state ambulances, 238 children with bronchial asthma developed in later years of life were included in random sample. Bronchial asthma proceeded in the structure of atopic disease in 128 children (phenotype ABA), and as the part of the limited allergic lesion of respiratory tract - in 110 children (phenotype RBA). It was found that bronchial asthma in mother, especially mother’s asthma with the early age onset, pregnancy pathology and maternal Smoking during pregnancy are the most significant risk factors which contribute in formation of ABA asthma phenotype. Maternal Smoking during pregnancy increased the frequency of severe asthma with ABA phenotype in the offspring during next years of their life. Clinically, the ABA phenotype is characterized by more frequent debut at the age of 1 year and usually diagnosed before 7 years of age, the presence of food sensitization in 70-90 % of cases, and a high level of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. Such triggers as the Cesarean delivery, absence of the breastfeeding and exposure to tobacco products in the first years of life are the most significant risk factors in formation of the RBA asthma phenotype. The absence of allergic diseases in both parents or allergic ллерголог in mothers, later age debut and diagnosis of asthma, extremely low frequency of food sensibilization (less than 15 %), high frequency of hyperresponsivity, and low frequency of hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, exceeds the norm in 2 times are the typical features of RBA asthma phenotype.
Contraceptive behavior in women in the Republic of Kalmykia
Authors: Iur’ev Vadim K , Serdjukov Anatolij G , Tebleev Ceren M , Puzyrev Viktor G
Published: August 2016

Contraception is the important component of family planning. It plays the important role in fighting with abortion and preserving the reproductive health of women. The specially designed anonymous survey was performed in 375 women living in the Republic of Kalmykia in the age from 16 till 45 years old. The average age of beginning of sexual life was estimated as 18,6 ± 0,1 years at the examined group. The average age decreased from 19,3 ± 0,3 to 17,0 ± 0,2 during the last 10 years. Almost the half of respondent (45,9 %) started the sexual life before the marriage. Kalmyk women started the sexual life later than Russian and entered the premarital relationship rarely. 70,2 % of sexually active women protected from pregnancy: 74,2 % used barrier methods of contraception, 13,5 % - intrauterine device, 12,9 % - oral hormone contraception, 11,1% - rejected sexual intercourse. Women below 30 and Kalmyk women used the barrier methods of contraception most often. Women older than 30 years used intrauterine device most often, oral hormone contraception was in use among cities inhabitants and among Russian women. The self-appraisal of knowledge on contraception questions showed that women estimate their erudition as 3,98 ± 0,04 on average. One quarter (23,2 %) of women consider themselves insufficiently or poorly informed dealing with this question. Women in the age below 20 and inhabitants of countryside are less informed. The information was received from the formal source by 32,5 % of women (at school - 27,7 %, from healthcare workers - 4,8 %). The majority of women (50,8 %) received the information from the informal source: 17,9 % - mother and other relatives, 12,8 % - mass media, 4,3 % - printed matter. The role of school in the informing young people dealing with this question decreased during the last few years. The role of healthcare workers in the informing young people is very low.
Mobilization of stem cell: past, present and future
Authors: Motalkina Margarita S , Kulyova Svetlana A , Alekseev Sergei M , Zuzgin Ilia S , Filatova Larisa V , Zhabina Albina S , Artemyeva Anna S , Rjazankina Alla A , Semiglazova Tatiana Yu
Published: August 2016

This article reflects the main stages of development of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell as an effective method of treatment of various hematological, oncological and hereditary diseases. It describes the development of the research beginning with the discovery of the stem cells by A.A Maksimov to the contemporary ways to elaborate them into blood; it reflects the basic mechanisms of action of different groups of drugs on complex biochemical cascades close interaction with hematopoietic cells of the bone marrow microenvironment, which, in turn, determines their further destiny and lead to a loss of hematopoietic stem cells in peripheral blood. However, in spite of the current approaches to improve ways of harvesting stem cell, there is a certain percentage of patients in whom it is impossible to collect adequate for quick recovery of hematopoiesis after high-dose chemotherapy number of cells. This percentage will vary according to various literature sources, 5 to 40 %. Therefore, the development and application of new drugs, growth factors and cytokines, which would overcome the problem of poor mobilization is an important issue in modern medicine. The article presents data on the use of a new mobilizing agent plerixafor, the use of which in practice improves the successful mobilization of 40 %. The study of its combined action of various growth factors, including pegylated filgrastim, is a promising direction, because can be a good option for patients with poor mobilization activity for which the previous regimen mobilization proved ineffective. The research of plerixafor interacting with various growth factors including pegylated filgrastim is considered to be the most promising direction. This method is believed to help patients with low mobilizing activity where all other means have failed to improve it.
Aromatase inhibitors of the third generation in endocrine therapy of breast cancer and endometrial cancer: the successes and failures of the combination therapy
Authors: Fadeeva Ekaterina P , Lisyanskaya Alla S , Manikhas Georgiy M , Glushakov Ruslan I , Tapilskaya Natalia I
Published: August 2016

This review provides the current evidence of clinical studies on the effectiveness of endocrine therapy for breast cancer and endometrial cancer, including endometrial stromal sarcoma, by aromatase inhibitor (AI) III generation. The review presents dates from clinical trials comparing the effectiveness of AI and tamoxifen, as well as dates on combination therapy AI with inhibitors of mTOR pathway (BOLERO-2 trial), an antiestrogen (SWOG S0226, FACT, FIRST trials), an inhibitor of CDK4 / 6 (PALOMA -1 trial) and other drugs.
"O Meu Desejo a Vida do Meu Povo" (Est 7,3): os Jovens da Bíblia Provocando Subjetividades e Autonomias na Trajetória da Pastoral da Juventude
Authors: Toledo Joilson De Souza
Published: August 2016

Resumo: a Pastoral da Juventude (PJ) aparece como um segmento da Igreja Católica que fomenta escolhas, posturas e subjetividades que contribuem para que seus membros lidem de forma sadia com a diversidade e a adversidade. O que estaria por trás destas posturas e trajetórias? Este artigo se propõe a partir de aportes da história cultural e de gênero analisar três publicações de referência sobre personagens e perícopes da literatura sagrada cristã que marcaram a trajetória da PJ e assim reconhecer elementos de suas místicas, opções metodológicas e escolhas políticas. Estas publicações apontam para pessoas jovens marcadas pela autonomia, pelo protagonismo e por uma vivencia criativa e afirmativa de situações de adversidade. Palavras-chave: Bíblia. Juventudes. Imaginário.
O Mito de Christian Rosenkreutz: uma Visão a Partir de Mircea Eliade
Authors: Rodrigues Marcel Henrique
Published: August 2016

Resumo: o estudo da temática dos símbolos e de tradições filosófico-iniciáticas trouxe à luz este artigo. Baseando-se na escassez de estudos na área, principalmente pela pouca quantidade de artigos científicos que tratasse de tal temática, é que surgiu o interesse por pesquisar e dialogar com a história de uma das mais antigas e difundidas sociedades esotéricas existentes no mundo. Nosso enfoque visa apresentar a mítica figura de Christian Rosenkreutz, possível fundador da fraternidade Rosa-Cruz, através de uma análise de sua experiência religiosa. Para isto utilizamos o método fenomenológico e nos baseamos na compreensão de experiência religiosa mediante os estudos de Eliade em sua obra “O Sagrado e o Profano”. Também contamos, secundariamente, com outros estudiosos como Otto e Campbell. Além de explorar a experiência religiosa de Rosenkreutz, este estudo também visa contemplar uma rápida análise da noção de cosmologia e cosmogonia na visão rosacruciana e a noção de sagrado e de ser humano. Palavras-chave: Rosa-Cruz. Experiência Religiosa. Misticismo. Mircea Eliade.
Adolescentes Infratores
Authors: Coimbra Gabriela Vieira
Published: August 2016

-
Aferição dos efeitos em nível físico-biológico mediante aplicação da Melolística em jovens de 18 a 25 anos
Admeasurement the effects on physical and biological level by applying the Melolística with young people from 18 to 25 years old
Authors: Fiorezi Juliane , Chikota Horácio Shigueru
Published: August 2016

Relata-se, neste artigo, a pesquisa que assumiu como escopo a realização da aferição e apresentação dos efeitos no metabolismo celular antes e depois de duas sessões de Melolística realizadas com jovens de 18 a 25 anos de idade. O instrumento de coleta de dados foram elaborados em base aos efeitos do Nível I – sanidade, apontados no Manual de Melolística, e visaram medir: a) o nível do metabolismo celular por meio da análise de amostras citológicas do epitélio bucal coletadas em 4 aferições (antes, 12 horas após, 24 horas depois e 7 dias depois da aplicação da Melolística). Foram realizadas duas sessões de Melolística, sendo 10 participantes na primeira sessão e 5 na segunda sessão. Constituindo-se como um projeto de pesquisa piloto, os resultados foram promissores indicando alterações positivas em nível celular. Como pontos de adequação para o prosseguimento do estudo, propõe-se a inclusão de um número maior de sujeitos, bem como o acompanhamento por um período maior de tempo, inserindo um maior número de sessões de Melolística no período estudado. Esses ajustes permitirão a realização de uma pesquisa com os resultados demonstrados estatisticamente e em caráter longitudinal. Propõe-se ainda que a coleta de dados seja feita em caráter multiprofissional para garantir maior acuidade nos dados aferidos.
Identification and Characterization of Two New Forced Degradation Products of Saikosaponin a under the Stress of Acid Hydrolytic Condition
Authors: Li Jun , Xu Qiang , Jiang Hua
Published: August 2016

Saikosaponin (SS) a is a compound with various pharmacological properties and easily degraded into SSb1 and SSg in acid condition. In present work another two new degradation products of SSa formed under acid hydrolytic condition were detected and isolated by analytical and semi-preparative liquid chromatography technology, furthermore their structures were characterized as hydroxyl-saikosaponin a and SSb2 by spectral analysis, which is not only essential in stability-indicating method development and validation but also could be used as a worst case to assess the analytical method performance of SSa. Moreover their structural transformation pathways were also proposed.
Application of Protection Motivation Theory to Investigate Waste Management Behaviors of Public and Private Officers in Bangkok City, Thailand
Authors: Janmaimool Piyapong
Published: August 2016

This study aims to explain individual engagement in sustainable waste management behaviors (SWMBs) based on the application of protection motivation theory (PMT). SWMBs include waste avoidance, green purchasing behavior, reuse and recycle, and waste disposal behaviors. This study applies PMT to explore how individuals’ SWMBs are influenced by their perceived threats caused by environmental contamination from waste disposal and their perceived coping capability. The Bangkok metropolitan area was selected as a case study because it has faced serious waste management problems caused by massively increasing amounts of solid waste during the last ten years. Questionnaire surveys were conducted with 193 public and private officers residing in the city of Bangkok. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to justify the effect of individual threat appraisal and coping appraisal on the engagement in SWMBs. The results demonstrated that respondents’ self-efficacy highly influenced all types of SWMBs. The perceived probability of being impacted from pollutants influenced all of the SWMBs except green purchasing behaviors. Response efficacy did not influence all SWMBs; however, the perceived severity of adverse consequences caused by pollutants highly influenced reuse and recycle behaviors. It could be suggested that PMT is well suited for investigating low-cost and simple SWMBs. It could also be suggested that different communication campaigns should be established to enhance citizens’ engagement in each type of SWMB.
Evaluating the Impact of Corporate Governance on Firm Performance Using Board Index
Authors: Okoth Basil , Coşkun Metin
Published: August 2016

In 2013, the CMA at the İstanbul Stock Exchange increased the weight assigned to the Board of Directors component of its Corporate Governance Index to 35% from the previous 25%. Interpreting this as a recognition of the increasing vital role of the board, this study seeks to enhance the work of Abdıoğlu and Kılıç (2015) by putting more focus on the role of women in the boards and the effect of the busy chairman as well as the presence of outside directors on the effectivity of the Board. (The general business structure is associated with family owned groups and holdings which results into a network of intertwined board membership and cases of multiple directorship where, one board chairman can hold the same position or any directorship in as many as ten firmshence the busy chairman). I employ a different method of evaluating performance (EVA) together with the accounting measures of ROE and ROA (as opposed to the overused Tobin’s Q), which I regress against the Board Index to be created. The focus is on firms on the BIST 100 index (excluding financial) between 2009 and 2013. The results reveal that the BINDEX has a significant and positive relationship with firm performance as measured by EVA. A second model reveals no relationship between the BINDEX and firm ROA, similar to the results of Kiliç and Abdioğlu (2015). ROA however has a positive relationship with the proportion of female directors in the board, as earlier reported by LückerathRovers (2013). Another model using ROE as the proxy for performance registers a significant negative relationship with the index. The contradiction obtained in the results from these three models underscore the importance choosing the right methods when estimating the performance of a firm.
Perception of Innovative Climate, Organizational Learning and Work Motivation of Employees in Small and Medium Sized IT Companies
Authors: Fernandes Tina , Sanyal Nandini , Ramanathan Shubhada
Published: August 2016

The objective of the present study is to determine whether there is a gender difference between employees working in small and medium sized IT companies with respect to climate for innovation, organizational learning and work motivation. The study also seeks to determine the relationship between climate for innovation, organizational learning and work motivation in employees of small and medium sized IT companies. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to select a sample of 200 employees, aged between 25-35 years, out of whom 100 (50 men and 50 women) worked in small sized IT companies and 100 (50 men and 50 women) worked in medium sized IT companies. The DLOQ (Marsick & Watkins, 2003) was administered to measure organizational learning. The climate for innovation questionnaire (Scott & Bruce, 1994) was administered to measure the support for innovation in organizations. The WEIMS (Tremblay et al, 2009) was administered to measure work motivation. Significant differences were found between the employees of small and medium companies and also between men and women employees with respect to the dimensions of climate for innovation, organisational learning and work motivation (p<0.05). Climate for innovation, organizational learning and work motivation were found to be significantly correlated in small and medium sized companies (p<0.05). The study emphasizes the crucial importance of non-monetary factors in a company that may lead to higher job satisfaction, learning, productivity and increased performance and growth.
Predicament of Dalits in the Select Poems Of Meena Kandasamy
Authors: Priya C. Shanmuga
Published: August 2016

Dalit Literature  is the writings about dalits whose primary motive is the liberation of dalits. Dalit writers have provided useful insights on the question of Dalit identity through their poems, short stories, novels and autobiographies. They have given a dignified status to the Dalits liberating them from the sub-human lot imposed on them by the Hindu social order. They use the language of the out-castes and under-privileged in Indian society, with their sharp expression. This paper explores the sensible portrayal of the predicament to the outcastes in Indian society in her select poems. 
Technology Update: Using Schematics for Managing Well Barriers
Authors: Fjagesund Tore
Published: August 2016

Technology Update

Well integrity and well barriers have been part of the exploitation for oil and gas for nearly a century, with the introduction of the blowout preventer (BOP) in the 1920s. The concept of creating well barrier schematics was inaugurated in Norway in 1992, long before the accidents on the Montara platform in 2009 and the Deepwater Horizon rig in 2010 elevated the global focus on well integrity.

A Common Understanding

Yet there are large variations in the industry’s perception of well integrity and well barriers, despite the daily use of these terms by drilling and well engineers. Well integrity is defined by the Norsok Standard D-010 (Rev. 4, 2013) as an “application of technical, operational, and organizational solutions to reduce risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids and well fluids throughout the life cycle of a well.”

The definition is so broad that engineers might prefer something that lends itself to a more practical, hands-on description. This is where the well barriers principle comes into play.

If you ask someone what a well barrier is, you will get many different answers. However, it is possible to unify them on the concept of an envelope. The well barrier envelope is the physical system that prevents fluids from flowing unintentionally from the formation into another formation or to the external environment. The envelope is designed to contain this pressurized effluent.

Barrier Envelope Principle

The benefit of using the envelope principle is that we can create two independent envelopes, one outside of the other. We will have primary containment of the pressurized fluid, so that no matter where the pressure might escape through the primary barrier, there will always be a secondary containment behind the primary barrier as a backup (Figs. 1a and 1b). To be consistent and to avoid ambiguity, it is best to define the secondary barrier as the last line of defense rather than barrier No. 2.
Search for Elusive Sweet Spots Is Changing Reservoir Evaluation
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: August 2016

Conference review - 2015 Unconventional Resources Technology Conference

The pursuit of sweet spots in unconventional oil and gas plays is driving the creation of an emerging set of data-driven systems to measure, map, and predict how wells will perform in unconventional reservoirs.

Over 3 days at the recent Unconventional Resources Technology Conference in San Antonio, Texas, speakers outlined techniques used to create detailed, large-scale digital maps and models to navigate enormous formations where abrupt, unpredictable change is the norm. The conference was organized by SPE, the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and the Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

The developing systems mesh together different sorts of information and experts with a dizzying array of skill sets. One paper described how to complete wells better using: “Advanced Petrophysical, Geological, Geophysical and Geomechanical Characterization” for more productive fracturing.

At the conference, there were presentations about unconventional field studies from BP, Callon Petroleum, ConocoPhillips, Devon Energy, Pioneer Natural Resources, and Talisman Energy, to name only companies that had done work in Texas.

The plunge in oil and gas prices that is driving layoffs and deep budget cuts by operators and service companies is pressuring unconventional oil producers to seek affordable ways to increase production and eliminate wasteful spending on unproductive drilling and fracturing.

“We are in an ever-changing, low-cost environment. We are looking for the most optimal, cost-effective methods,” said Nancy Zakhour, a completion engineer at Callon Petroleum, who worked for Schlumberger during the project. The comment was made during a presentation (SPE 178575) about a project done by Callon and Schlumberger using microseismic, pressure measurements while fracturing, core analysis, and mineral testing to confirm and add detail to 3D seismic testing to create data-rich, digital rock property maps.

That presentation hit on a common theme at the conference: finding ways to navigate reservoirs that are highly heterogeneous, which means conditions can change as abruptly and unexpectedly as the production of the wells drilled.
Mexico Awards First Offshore Exploration Tenders
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: August 2016

Country Profile

The new era of Mexican oil exploration has officially begun, but not quite as the government had hoped.

Only 2 of 14 shallow-water blocks offered in the country’s first public tender were awarded in mid-July. Blocks 2 and 7 went to a consortium led by a Mexican-based startup, Sierra Oil. Its partners are Talos Energy of Houston and United Kingdom-based Premier Oil. Just seven firms made bids in the auction that Mexican officials predicted would be significantly more competitive.

The auction was conducted by the National Commission of Hydrocarbons (CNH) in Mexico City and served as the country’s historic return to the privatization of oil and gas exploration since the industry was nationalized in 1938.

The Mexican government believed at least four or five blocks would be successfully awarded and independent estimates were as high as seven. Juan Carlos Zepeda, president commissioner of the CNH, acknowledged that the government fell short of its goal to award 30% of the blocks.

“Round One did not show the results we expected,” he said at the conclusion of the auction. “Without any doubt, an underlying factor is low oil prices, which have resulted in lower investment capacity from companies.” He added that the blocks on auction also had a higher degree of geologic uncertainty compared with blocks set for subsequent auctions. The blocks not awarded may be restructured and auctioned off in a later round.

In defending the auction results, Zepeda said the government is taking little financial risk to gain big rewards. When factoring in taxes and royalties, and assuming discoveries are made, the government will collect at least 74% of the profit share for Block 2 and at least 83% for Block 7.

“Both contracts were awarded under very positive terms for the state and that is the objective of this—to seek the highest possible income for the state,” Zepeda said.

Block 7 was the most competitive, attracting four qualified bids and one that fell below the revenue-sharing minimum. Bids on three other blocks were disqualified because they fell 5% below the government’s threshold for revenue sharing. The minimum profit share with the Mexican government was set at 40% for most blocks and 25% for heavy oil and wet gas blocks.
Drilling-Systems-Automation Roadmap: The Means To Accelerate Adoption
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: August 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 173010, “Drilling-Systems-Automation Roadmap: The Means To Accelerate Adoption,” by John P. de Wardt, SPE, De Wardt and Company; John D. Macpherson, SPE, Baker Hughes; Mario Zamora, M-I Swaco; Blaine Dow, SPE, and Slim Hbaieb, SPE, Schlumberger; Robin A. Macmillan, SPE, National Oilwell Varco; Moray L. Laing, SPE, SAS Institute; Amanda M. DiFiore, QinetiQ North America; Calvin E. Inabinett Jr., SPE, Aerojet Rocketdyne; and Mark W. Anderson, SPE, Shell International E&P, prepared for the 2015 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition, London, 17–19 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The drilling-systems-automation roadmap (DSA-R) initiative is a cross-industry effort launched in June 2013 to help accelerate the adoption of advancements in drilling-systems automation (DSA) for both onshore and offshore wells. When completed, this technology roadmap will provide the drilling industry with a well-defined guide on the expected development and adoption of DSA technology in both the short and the long term. The roadmap uses a well-known template developed by Sandia National Laboratories to provide a mechanism to forecast how DSA developments can progress.

Introduction

Despite the well-known potential benefits of drilling automation, there is a perception by some that automation in other major industries has outpaced that achieved in drilling. Issues and barriers associated with automation in complex drilling operations coupled with a fragmented business environment have been reported.

A concerted cross-industry technology-roadmap initiative was launched in June 2013 driven by the need identified at an industry workshop. This independent initiative supported by an all-volunteer committee became affiliated with three organizations with members interested in this technology development: SPE, the International Association of Drilling Contractors, and the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International.

A technology roadmap is a detailed, structured document that articulates the clearly defined objectives and the technology resources needed to meet specific long-term goals. It differentiates various technology elements and ties them together though a coordinated timeline identifying when and how business value can be realized. The process developed by Sandia National Laboratories was the most appropriate example for adoption for the DSA-road-mapping process.
Technology Focus: Oilfield Chemistry (September 2015)
Authors: Wylde Jonathan
Published: August 2016

Technology Focus

The removal of mineral scale in the oil field is typically perceived as a somewhat nonscientific discipline. Simply pumping down a few drums of acid, letting it soak or circulate, and bringing the well back online is considered the norm. This could not be further from the truth. There is as much science in dissolution of mineral scale as in any other production chemistry discipline. Consider two examples of complexity that exist in this subdiscipline of flow assurance: first, the complex placement challenges that exist in downhole-tubing-scale removal and understanding the mechanical complexity involved in spotting dissolver in a vertical system so that it remains in place to perform the job. The second example is concerned with iron-sulfide dissolution, where many different polymorphs exist and all behave in ways very different than hydrochloric acid at different pressures and temperatures.

The research that exists in the literature shows the science of removal chemistries and techniques very well. The use of acid, in particular hydrochloric acid, is a very-well-established field methodology. The challenges, however, that can exist with using acid, and their mitigation, are the subject of a renewed research focus. Two areas in particular involve the corrosivity of mineral acid and the secondary deposition of unwanted scales that can occur on flowback. These two examples alone show how use of acid can create a problem, possibly larger than the one it solves.

Some of the most interesting research is in the area of nonacid dissolvers; the intent of this chemistry is to remove the mentioned issues of corrosivity and secondary deposition. The target is to develop a dissolver system without the drawbacks of mineral or organic acid but with the same dissolution performance. Previous research has focused on chelating agents but has shown that only a certain performance can be achieved. However, in recent literature, some significant steps have been made with the discovery of synergistic chelating agents and formulations that are now approximating the performance of classic acid systems.

Researchers and readers are encouraged to read the recommended-additional-reading papers and take the time to delve into the intellectual-property landscape, which contains a plethora of information on the development and evolution of chemistry for scale removal. JPT

Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.

SPE 172794 A Systematic Approach To Dissolve Iron Sulfide Scales by Hicham El Hajj, Halliburton, et al.

IPTC 18139 Challenge and Successful Application for Scale Removal in Oil Field, Egypt: Field Study by E. Hamdy, Sapesco, et al.

IPTC 17303 Horizontal-Well Productivity Restoration—Successful Stimulation Application in a Large Onshore Field by Shobhit Tiwari, Cairn India, et al.

SPE 171766 Challenge of Acidizing Horizontal Wells in Tight Carbonate Reservoirs—Weak-Acid and Nonacid Alternatives by Sameer Punnapala, Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations, et al.
Novel Viscosity Reducer Aids Removal of Scale From Electrical Submersible Pumps
Authors: Wilson Adam
Published: August 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 173928, “Removal of Organic and Inorganic Scale From Electrical Submersible Pumps,” by M. Ramones, R. Rachid, SPE, D. Flor, L. Gutierrez, and A. Milne, SPE, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2015 SPE Artificial Lift Conference— Latin America and Caribbean, Salvador, Brazil, 27–29 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

Rigless coiled-tubing-unit (CTU) interventions can be effective in returning to production wells that have lost electrical-submersible-pump (ESP) efficiency because of organic, inorganic, or mixed scale deposits. Such operations extended the average ESP run life from 40 to 140 days and eliminated the need for workover (WO) rigs. A heavy-crude viscosity reducer (HCVR) is recommended as part of these treatments, to improve the cleanup process.

Introduction

Recent work with crude-oil viscosity reducers has shown that both inorganic and organic deposits can be removed by spotting/jetting with coiled tubing without the need of a WO rig. When a treating fluid containing the viscosity reducer is mixed with highly viscous crudes, it creates a water-external pseudoemulsion, which decreases the apparent viscosity of the crude by several orders of magnitude, removing more than 60% of the heavy crude from the surface of the scale and accelerating the dissolution of organic deposits. This enables the chemical treatment to dissolve the inorganic deposits, allowing the pump to be restarted without the need to pull out the completion. The new fluid systems have made it possible to remove organic and inorganic deposits systematically from ESPs, extending the average run life from 40 to 140 days, and to eliminate the requirement for WO rigs, with an average rig-cost saving of 6 days per well and an average saving of USD 1.5 million in deferred production.

Problem Definition

Organic or inorganic deposits can occur in different parts of the petroleum system, including the reservoir, well perforations, artificial-lifting equipment, and production lines. Scales are inorganic deposits that are formed when the saturation of the produced water is affected by changes in temperature and pressure conditions, creating significant reduction in oil-production rates or even plugging the entire production system. On the other hand, viscous oils that are exposed to significant pressure drop are the source of organic-material deposition, the most common being paraffins and asphaltenes. These organic materials can be defined as hydrocarbons with high molecular weights that are hard to dissolve and that can also create sludge when in contact with acid systems.
Incorporación de Proactividad a los Agentes en un Observatorio Tecnológico
Authors: Hadfeg Fernández Yahima , Morales-Aguiar Nelson , Moreno-Espino Maylin
Published: August 2016

Uno de los paradigmas utilizados para desarrollar Observatorios Tecnológicos es el paradigma de agentes, debidos a las múltiples funcionalidades que estos brindan. Una de las características más tentadoras que tienen los agentes es la capacidad de adquirir conocimiento, ya que pueden ser provistos de proactividad. De esta forma pueden ejecutar mecanismos inteligentes para actuar en el entorno donde se encuentran y socializar con los demás agentes, incrementando sus prestaciones y acercándolos más a las necesidades reales de las personas. En este trabajo se presentan mecanismos para dotar de conocimiento a los agentes que forma parte de la arquitectura de un Observatorio Tecnológico. Esto se logró mediante el uso de métodos empíricos (encuesta), el motor de reglas Jadex–Rules y técnicas de Minería de Datos, apoyándose en la herramienta Knime para la extracción de reglas permitiendo incorporarle un cierto grado de proactividad a los agentes del Observatorio Tecnológico.
Metaheurísticas Multiobjetivo Cardumen de Peces Artificiales (FAFS) y Optimización Evolucionaria por Enjambre de Partículas con Topología Estocástica Global Individual (FEPSO GIST). Parte II: Aplicación
Authors: Schweickardt Gustavo Alejandro
Published: August 2016

El presente trabajo describe un modelo para la Optimización del Grado de Desbalance de Cargas en una Red Trifásica de Distribución de Energía Eléctrica (SDEE) en Baja Tensión (BT). Se presenta la integración de dos novedosas metaheurísticas: la FEPSO GIST (Fuzzy-MultiObjective Particles Swarm Optimization with Global/Individual Stochastic Topology), desarrollada por el autor, y la FAFS (Fuzzy-MultiObjective Artificial Fish School), cuya extensión multiobjetivo es propuesta por el autor, valuando la función de aptitud mediante conjuntos difusos. El problema propuesto ya ha sido resuelto en un trabajo presentado por el autor, mediante la metaheurística FPSO, y su solución constituye una referencia para comparar resultados. Entre los inconvenientes producidos por un elevado grado de desbalance en las fases del sistema, se consideran la minimización de las pérdidas técnicas y la mejora del perfil de tensiones. Ambos aspectos, relativos al uso racional de la energía propiciado desde el lado de la oferta, son observados por la autoridad regulatoria. Se presenta, adicionalmente, un modelo matheurístico que combina el enfoque clásico del problema, empleando programación lineal enteramixta con las dos metaheurísticas introducidas, FEPSO GIST y FAFS. Se comparan resultados al aplicar los modelos sobre el mismo SDEE BT considerado en el enfoque resuelto vía FPSO. En esta Parte II, se desarrollan los modelos específicos y se presenta su aplicación al problema.
Un Caso de Estudio para la Adopción de un Modelo de Trazabilidad de Requisitos en el Sector Energético
Authors: Montoya-Suárez Lina María , Monsalve-Gómez Juan Carlos , Sepúlveda-Castaño Jorge Mauricio
Published: August 2016

Es fundamental para un desarrollo de software mejorar el proceso relacionado con los requisitos, los aspectos que facilitan una mejora, es contar con la posibilidad de realizar trazados a los requisitos a lo largo del ciclo de vida de un sistema. Para esto, la trazabilidad permite evaluar las implicaciones que puede tener el cambio y así poder detectar los cambios en fases tempranas o incluso en la fase de gestión de la configuración siguiendo las huellas de trazado.A través de este artículo de investigación se presentan un caso de estudio aplicando la herramienta  "http://www.sparxsystems.com.au/ para el sector energético donde se evidencia cómo se puede dar seguimiento a un requisito comenzando  en la primera fase de análisis y diseño (requisitos funcionales, requisitos no funcionales, regla de negocio, casos de uso, diagrama de clase, diagrama de componente etc.) por medio del cual es posible generar una matriz de trazado dentro de un proceso de desarrollo de software.
Producción, Reservas y Sostenibilidad de la Energía en Venezuela
Authors: Rojas-Zerpa Juan Carlos , Yusta-Loyo José María
Published: August 2016

El propósito del presente trabajo está relacionado con la evaluación de los recursos energéticos de Venezuela y su posicionamiento estratégico mundial, referido principalmente a la producción y consumo de energía primaria y reservas. Así mismo se han evaluado los recursos energéticos renovables con la finalidad de identificar oportunidades para el desarrollo de la energía sostenible. Los resultados indican que Venezuela posee recursos fósiles para más de 130 años de explotación, lo cual lo convierte en una potencia energética relevante en el contexto mundial. La potencialidad aprovechable de las energías renovables duplicó la producción de recursos fósiles en 2011. En la actualidad, el aprovechamiento de estas fuentes es inferior al 2 % del total disponible, lo que deja abierto un amplio rango de posibilidades para la diversificación de la matriz energética nacional mediante tecnologías limpias o sostenibles
Modeling streamflow from coupled airborne laser scanning and acoustic Doppler current profiler data
Authors: Lam Norris , Kean Jason W. , Lyon Steve W.
Published: August 2016

The rating curve enables the translation of water depth into stream discharge through a reference cross-section. This study investigates coupling national scale airborne laser scanning (ALS) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) bathymetric survey data for generating stream rating curves. A digital terrain model was defined from these data and applied in a physically based 1-D hydraulic model to generate rating curves for a regularly monitored location in northern Sweden. Analysis of the ALS data showed that overestimation of the streambank elevation could be adjusted with a root mean square error (RMSE) block adjustment using a higher accuracy manual topographic survey. The results of our study demonstrate that the rating curve generated from the vertically corrected ALS data combined with ADCP data had lower errors (RMSE = 0.79 m3/s) than the empirical rating curve (RMSE = 1.13 m3/s) when compared to streamflow measurements. We consider these findings encouraging as hydrometric agencies can potentially leverage national-scale ALS and ADCP instrumentation to reduce the cost and effort required for maintaining and establishing rating curves at gauging station sites similar to the Röån River.
Developmental instability in German Iris flower as a potential biomonitoring method
Authors: Barisic-Klisaric Natasa , Miljkovic Danijela , Avramov Stevan , Zivkovic Uros , Tarasjev Aleksej
Published: August 2016

In light of the increasing need for appropriate, cost-effective detection
methods of anthropogenic pollution, we evaluated the biomonitoring potential
of flower developmental instability (DI) on a widely planted decorative
species, Iris germanica, under in situ conditions. DI was measured by
fluctuating and radial asymmetries of parts of Iris germanica perianth (810
fall lengths and widths), from clones already growing in two distinct types
of habitats with contrasting levels of anthropogenic pollution: in unpolluted
(rural) areas, Novi Banovci, Stari Banovci and Belegis (flowers from 137
clones sampled), and in a polluted (urban) Belgrade metropolitan area
(flowers from 133 clones sampled). Our results revealed significantly higher
flower radial asymmetry in the polluted habitats compared to unpolluted ones
(for three out of four univariate indices, as well as both multivariate
ones), but failed to detect a similar effect on fluctuating asymmetry
indices. The results of our study therefore demonstrate the potential of DI
(when estimated by flower radial asymmetry) in Iris germanica as a
cost-effective biomonitoring method for in situ pollution detection based on
readily measurable flower parts and moderate sample sizes.
Lie algebras of infinitesimal CR automorphisms of weighted homogeneous and homogeneous CR-generic submanifolds of CN
Authors: Sabzevari Masoud , Hashemi Amir , Alizadeh Benyamin , Merker Joël
Published: August 2016

We consider the significant class of homogeneous CR manifolds represented by
some weighted homogeneous polynomials and we derive some plain and useful
features which enable us to set up a fast effective algorithm to compute
homogeneous components of their Lie algebras of infinitesimal CR
automorphisms. This algorithm mainly relies upon a natural gradation of the
sought Lie algebras, and it also consists in treating separately the related
graded components. While classical methods are based on constructing and
solving some associated PDE systems which become time consuming as soon as
the number of variables increases, the new method presented here is based on
plain techniques of linear algebra. Furthermore, it benefits from a
divide-and-conquer strategy to break down the computations into some simpler
subcomputations. Also, we consider the new and effective concept of
comprehensive Gr?bner systems which provides us some powerful tools to treat
the computations in the much complicated parametric case. The designed
algorithm is also implemented in the Maple software, what required also
implementing a recently designed algorithm of Kapur et al.
Existence of common fixed point for b-metric rational type contraction
Authors: Abbas Mujahid , Chema Imran , Razani Abdolrahman
Published: August 2016

The necessary conditions for existence of a common fixed point of two
mappings satisfying generalized b-order contractive condition in the setting
of a partially ordered b-complete b-metric space are presented. Also, we
study well-posedness of common fixed point problem for generalized b-order
contractive mappings. We employ our result to establish an existence of a
solution of an integral equation.
Generalized analytic Fourier-Feynman transforms with respect to Gaussian processes on function space
Authors: Chang Seung , Chung Hyun , Ko Ae , Choi Jae
Published: August 2016

In this article, we introduce a generalized analytic Fourier-Feynman
transform and a multiple generalized analytic Fourier-Feynman transform with
respect to Gaussian processes on the function space Ca,b[0,T] induced by
generalized Brownian motion process. We derive a rotation formula for our
multiple generalized analytic Fourier-Feynman transform.
Social impact of community projects in Mediterranean schools of architecture
Authors: Madrigal José
Published: August 2016

Star system architect concept was promoted by the media and the society
during the last decades. Image culture helped to it, where the most ?iconic?
works and designs were continuously published. So many Universities saw how
the number of students of Architecture was growing up and new Schools of
Architecture arose. Recent economic crises in Europe and other countries
helped to go back to an important question: what is the role of the architect
within the society? It was an excellent opportunity to understand the
Architectural education as the reflection of the society from a territorial
and urban point of view. Community projects developed within the Architecture
curricula helped to get a comprehensive high education levels, especially in
the final years of the program. Transformative pedagogies applied to urban
planning and architectural design courses bring up the social role of the
architect to the students. Practical exercises are proposed, where the final
result is even positive for an eventual social extrapolation. The paper
presents us the community projects experiences related to urban design in two
different Mediterranean schools of Architecture, one of them in Italy and the
last two ones in Lebanon. In the first case the students were invited to
reflect on improving the quality of life of the citizenship and the tourists
visiting Liguria region in Italy. Proposals for joining efforts among the
several municipalities and developing new territorial models are done. The
second case study shows us two initiatives for the students, developing
proposals for UNHABITAT program and municipalities in southern Lebanon and a
proposal for regenerating river lines in Byblos, within the 100 resilient
cities program powered by Rockefeller Foundation. Finally, the paper presents
the new project is being developed currently by American University of
Cyprus, about Arabahmet and Karamanzade sectors in Nicosia.
Research on the potential of traditional and contemporary family houses with the aim to create a low-energy house
Authors: Ilic-Martinovic Olivera
Published: August 2016

The strategy of the research paper is to conduct analysis of buildings for
individual housing from the aspect of promotion of energetically efficient
buildings construction. With that as a goal, all key aspects essential for
design, such as government regulative necessary to comply with when
constructing and reconstructing a building, climate conditions of the given
area necessary in planning the strategy of construction, the record of
existing housing stock as well as cultural identity through heritage of
traditional buildings, were analysed. Through analysis of a traditional
building, a reference model of the existing housing stock and hypothetical
model- newly designed building, via software for analysis of energetic
performances, the conclusions have been made and practical guidelines were
given in the reconstruction of the existing and construction of new buildings
based on tested scientific proofs. The work is focused on investigation and
application of the elements of traditional architecture with a goal to
improve energetic performances of new and existing buildings.
A typological classification of neighbourhood public open spaces: A case study of Novi Grad - Podgorica
Authors: Vujadinovic Miroslava
Published: August 2016

This paper examines the relationship between urban public space and everyday
social life, as well as the forms of social interaction as patterns of use of
public spaces in collective housing neighbourhoods. Urbanity issues are
manifested both at social level by population alienation from the social
surroundings, by the lack of joint activities and stay in the neighbourhood
public open areas, as well as at physical level, by the lack of the area
vitality and security, and neglect. The analysis of the neighborhood spatial
form determinants is represented by the universally applicable typology based
on spatial and sociological theories about the relationship of urban space
and social processes, applicable to areas that generate patterns of people
encounters and gatherings. Understanding the relation between human behaviors
through the capacity of neighborhood open space contributes to the quality of
the open spaces design and especially to enhancing the vitality of the city
public spaces. The purpose of this paper is to obtain scientifically based
approach to the public space design in a view of its use that may be
beneficial to urban planners in the process of urban space regeneration.