bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal Abnormalities in Allium cepa Induced by Treated Textile Effluents: Spatial and Temporal Variations
Authors: Wijeyaratne W. M. Dimuthu Nilmini , Wickramasinghe P. G. Minola Udayangani
Published: August 2020

Appropriate effluent treatment processes are expected to significantly reduce the toxicity of effluents before they are released to the natural environment. The present study was aimed to assess the spatial and temporal variations of the physical and chemical water quality parameters of a natural water body receiving treated textile effluents and to assess the chromosomal abnormalities induced by the treated textile effluents. Four sampling sites (A: effluent discharge point; B: 100 m downstream from site A along the tributary; C: 200 m downstream from site A along the tributary; D: 100 m upstream from site A along the tributary) were selected associated to a tributary that received treated textile effluent. The physical and chemical water quality parameters were measured in the composite water samples collected from the study sites, and Allium cepa bioassay was conducted using aged tap water as the control. Sampling was conducted in both rainy and dry seasons. The conductivity, TDS, COD, and colour intensity of the water samples collected from the study sites were significantly higher during the dry season compared to those in the rainy season. Allium cepa root meristematic cells exposed to water samples from sites A, B, and C showed a significantly high interphase and prophase indices compared to those exposed to aged tap water and upstream site during both rainy and dry seasons. The mitotic index of the root tip cells of Allium cepa bulbs exposed to the water samples collected from the effluent discharge point (site A) and from the 100 m downstream site from site A (site B) was significantly lower than that of the other sites in both rainy and dry seasons. However, the mitotic index of the root tip cells of Allium cepa bulbs exposed to the water samples from the upstream site was not significantly different from that of the control treatment during both sampling seasons. The bioassay indicated that the mitotic index and phase index of the root meristematic cells of Allium cepa can be affected by the treated textile effluents released to the water body and the occurrence of C metaphase, chromosomal adherence, bridges, disturbed anaphase, vagrant chromosomes, and chromosomal breaks indicated that the treated textile effluent receiving tributary can possibly contain genotoxic and mutagenic compounds which can induce chromosomal abnormalities.
A Crack Propagation Control Study of Directional Hydraulic Fracturing Based on Hydraulic Slotting and a Nonuniform Pore Pressure Field
Authors: Cheng Yugang , Lu Zhaohui , Du Xidong , Zhang Xuefu , Zeng Mengru
Published: August 2020

Hydraulic fracturing techniques for developing deeply buried coal reservoirs face routine problems related to high initial pressures and limited control over the fracture propagation direction. A novel method of directional hydraulic fracturing (DHF) based on hydraulic slotting in a nonuniform pore pressure field is proposed. A mechanical model is used to address crack initiation and propagation in a nonuniform pore pressure field, where cracks tend to rupture and propagate towards zones of high pore pressure for reducing the effective rock stress more. The crack initiation pressure and propagation morphology are analyzed by rock failure process analysis software. The numerical results show that the directional propagation of hydraulic fracturing cracks is possible when the horizontal stress difference coefficient is less than or equal to 0.5 or the slotting deviation angle is less than or equal to 30°. These findings are in good agreement with experimental results, which support the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method and theory.
Data-Driven Modeling of Systemic Air Traffic Delay Propagation: An Epidemic Model Approach
Authors: Li Shanmei , Xie Dongfan , Zhang Xie , Zhang Zhaoyue , Bai Wei
Published: August 2020

To better understand the mechanism of air traffic delay propagation at the system level, an efficient modeling approach based on the epidemic model for delay propagation in airport networks is developed. The normal release rate (NRR) and average flight delay (AFD) are considered to measure airport delay. Through fluctuation analysis of the average flight delay based on complex network theory, we find that the long-term dynamic of airport delay is dominated by the propagation factor (PF), which reveals that the long-term dynamic of airport delay should be studied from the perspective of propagation. An integrated airport-based Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible (ASIRS) epidemic model for air traffic delay propagation is developed from the network-level perspective, to create a simulator for reproducing the delay propagation in airport networks. The evolution of airport delay propagation is obtained by analyzing the phase trajectory of the model. The simulator is run using the empirical data of China. The simulation results show that the model can reproduce the evolution of the delay propagation in the long term and its accuracy for predicting the number of delayed airports in the short term is much higher than the probabilistic prediction method. The model can thus help managers as a tool to effectively predict the temporal and spatial evolution of air traffic delay.
Mass Laplacian Discriminant Analysis and Its Application in Gear Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Wang Guangbin , Lv Ying , Wang Tengqiang , Wang Xiaohui , Cheng Huanke
Published: August 2020

Fault diagnosis is essentially the identification of multiple fault modes. How to extract sensitive features and improve diagnostic accuracy is the key to fault diagnosis. In this paper, a new manifold learning method (Mass Laplacian Discriminant Analysis, MLDA) is proposed. Firstly, it is assumed that each data point in the space is a point with mass, and the mass is defined as the number of data points in a certain area. Then, the idea of universal gravitation is introduced to calculate the virtual universal gravitation between data points. Based on the Laplace eigenmaps algorithm, the gravitational Laplacian matrix between the same kind of data and the heterogeneous data is obtained, and the discriminant function is constructed by the ratio of the virtual gravitation between the heterogeneous data and the virtual gravitation between the similar data; the projection function with the largest discriminant function value is the optimal feature mapping function. Finally, based on the mapping function, the eigenvalues of the training data and the test data are calculated, and the softmax algorithm is used to classify the test data. Experiments on gear fault diagnosis show that this method has higher diagnostic accuracy than other manifold learning algorithms.
The Aerodynamic Characteristics of Road Vehicles Overtaking on Bridge Deck under Crosswinds
Authors: Chen Ning , Sun Hongxin , Wang Xiuyong , Zhang Longwei
Published: August 2020

The aerodynamic characteristics of road vehicles in windy environments are the prerequisites for the evaluation and prediction of the driving safety and stability. To investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the overtaking vehicles on the bridge deck under the effects of crosswinds, models of a cable‐stayed bridge with a typical flat box girder and road vehicles involving articulated lorry and commercial van with a scale of 1 : 40 were tested in the wind tunnel laboratory. A series of tests figured out the variation of the aerodynamic forces of road vehicles during the overtaking process after considering the aerodynamic interference between lorry and lorry, van and van, and lorry and van. Additionally, the influence of the lateral overtaking distance between the overtaking vehicles was regarded as well. The result reveals the upstream vehicle has a significant influence on the aerodynamic coefficients of the downstream vehicle, which have experienced dramatic fluctuations during the overtaking process, and the various shapes of the aerodynamic coefficients are highly dependent on it.
Pipeline Performances under Earthquake-Induced Soil Liquefaction: State of the Art on Real Observations, Model Tests, and Numerical Simulations
Authors: Castiglia Massimina , Fierro Tony , Santucci de Magistris Filippo
Published: August 2020

The design and the manufacture of the oil and gas pipelines are being improved over the years in response to the observed damages and related disastrous effects. The improvements are possible, thanks to the increasing knowledge about pipeline performances in specific contexts. The seismic hazard on buried pipelines has always been of major concern, and the earthquake-induced soil liquefaction effects are among the most important issues to be accounted for in the design. Experiences based on case histories, experimental modelling, and numerical simulations represent the source of understanding of the involved mechanisms, the affecting parameters, and the structure response. Recently, all these aspects are becoming more accurate, thanks to the use of monitoring systems. The protection of pipelines from the seismic hazard is a crucial and challenging issue. This paper provides an overview of the research that has been conducted over the years in the specific framework of soil liquefaction phenomenon. Case histories on pipeline performances, commonly adopted analytical methods, and results of model tests and numerical simulations are summarized with main focus on the level of knowledge achieved up to date and the existing limitations that represent open issues for further development of the research. This study represents a useful background to be adopted from academics and practitioners in order to enhance the methods of analyses of the pipelines, thus improving their performances in the applications of the oil and gas industry.
Anomaly Detection for Industrial Control System Based on Autoencoder Neural Network
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Bailing , Liu Hongri , Qu Haikuo
Published: August 2020

As the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) develops rapidly, cloud computing and fog computing become effective measures to solve some problems, e.g., limited computing resources and increased network latency. The Industrial Control Systems (ICS) play a key factor within the development of IIoT, whose security affects the whole IIoT. ICS involves many aspects, like water supply systems and electric utilities, which are closely related to people’s lives. ICS is connected to the Internet and exposed in the cyberspace instead of isolating with the outside recent years. The risk of being attacked increases as a result. In order to protect these assets, intrusion detection systems (IDS) have drawn much attention. As one kind of intrusion detection, anomaly detection provides the ability to detect unknown attacks compared with signature-based techniques, which are another kind of IDS. In this paper, an anomaly detection method with a composite autoencoder model learning the normal pattern is proposed. Unlike the common autoencoder neural network that predicts or reconstructs data separately, our model makes prediction and reconstruction on input data at the same time, which overcomes the shortcoming of using each one alone. With the error obtained by the model, a change ratio is put forward to locate the most suspicious devices that may be under attack. In the last part, we verify the performance of our method by conducting experiments on the SWaT dataset. The results show that the proposed method exhibits improved performance with 88.5% recall and 87.0% F1-score.
Gentiopicroside, a Secoiridoid Glycoside from Gentiana rigescens Franch, Extends the Lifespan of Yeast via Inducing Mitophagy and Antioxidative Stress
Authors: Liu Qian , Cheng Lihong , Matsuura Akira , Xiang Lan , Qi Jianhua
Published: August 2020

Gentiopicroside (GPS), an antiaging secoiridoid glycoside, was isolated from Gentiana rigescens Franch, a traditional Chinese medicine. It prolonged the replicative and chronological lifespans of yeast. Autophagy, especially mitophagy, and antioxidative stress were examined to clarify the mechanism of action of this compound. The free green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal from the cleavage of GFP-Atg8 and the colocation signal of MitoTracker Red CMXRos and GFP were increased upon the treatment of GPS. The free GFP in the cytoplasm and free GFP and ubiquitin of mitochondria were significantly increased at the protein levels in the GPS-treated group. GPS increased the expression of an essential autophagy gene, ATG32 gene, but failed to extend the replicative and chronological lifespans of ATG32 yeast mutants. GPS increased the survival rate of yeast under oxidative stress condition; enhanced the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase; and decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. The replicative lifespans of Δsod1, Δsod2, Δuth1, and Δskn7 were not affected by GPS. These results indicated that autophagy, especially mitophagy, and antioxidative stress are involved in the antiaging effect of GPS.
Understanding Diabetic Neuropathy: Focus on Oxidative Stress
Authors: Pang Lei , Lian Xin , Liu Huanqiu , Zhang Yuan , Li Qian , Cai Yin , Ma Haichun , Yu Xin
Published: August 2020

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the clinical syndromes characterized by pain and substantial morbidity primarily due to a lesion of thesomatosensory nervous system. The burden of diabetic neuropathy is related not only to the complexity of diabetes but also to the poor outcomes and difficult treatment options. There is no specific treatment for diabetic neuropathy other than glycemic control and diligent foot care. Although various metabolic pathways are impaired in diabetic neuropathy, enhanced cellular oxidative stress is proposed as a common initiator. A mechanism-based treatment of diabetic neuropathy is challenging; a better understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy will help to develop strategies for the new and correct diagnostic procedures and personalized interventions. Thus, we review the current knowledge of the pathophysiology in diabetic neuropathy. We focus on discussing how the defects in metabolic and vascular pathways converge to enhance oxidative stress and how they produce the onset and progression of nerve injury present in diabetic neuropathy. We discuss if the mechanisms underlying neuropathy are similarly operated in type I and type II diabetes and the progression of antioxidants in treating diabetic neuropathy.
The Tumor Suppressive Roles and Prognostic Values of STEAP Family Members in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wu Hua-Tao , Chen Wen-Jia , Xu Ya , Shen Jia-Xin , Chen Wen-Tian , Liu Jing
Published: August 2020

Objective. To investigate the expression patterns and prognostic values of STEAP family members in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. Materials and Methods. The Human Protein Atlas was used to analyze the expression level of STEAPs in human normal tissues and malignant tumors. ONCOMINE datasets were analyzed for the comparison of the STEAPs levels between malignant cancers and corresponding normal tissues. Kaplan‐Meier plotter was used to analyze the prognostic value of STEAPs in breast cancer patients. Results. STEAPs were widely distributed in human normal tissues with diverse levels. Normally, it is predicted that STEAP1 and STEAP2 were involved in the mineral absorption process, while STEAP3 participated in the TP53 signaling pathway and iron apoptosis. The results from ONCOMINE showed downregulation of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 in breast cancers. Survival analysis revealed that breast cancer patients with high levels of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 had a good prognosis, while those with low expression had high overall mortality. Conclusion. STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 are predicted to be the potential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients, providing novel therapeutic strategies for them.
Common Fixed-Point Theorems in Modular Function Spaces Endowed with Reflexive Digraph
Authors: Jeddi Jaauad , Kabil Mustapha , Lazaiz Samih
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this work is to extend the Knaster–Tarski fixed-point theorem to the wider field of reflexive digraph. We give also a DeMarr-type common fixed-point theorem in this context. We then explore some interesting applications of the obtained results in modular function spaces.
PF-06804103, A Site-specific Anti-HER2 Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of HER2-expressing Breast, Gastric, and Lung Cancers
Authors: Graziani Edmund I. , Sung Matthew , Ma Dangshe , Narayanan Bitha , Marquette Kimberly , Puthenveetil Sujiet , Tumey L. Nathan , Bikker Jack , Casavant Jeffrey , Bennett Eric M. , Charati Manoj B. , Golas Jonathon , Hosselet Christine , Rohde Cynthia M. , Hu George , Guffroy Magali , Falahatpisheh Hadi , Finkelstein Martin , Clark Tracey , Barletta Frank , Tchistiakova Lioudmila , Lucas Judy , Rosfjord Edward , Loganzo Frank , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Gerber Hans-Peter , Sapra Puja
Published: August 2020

The approval of ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer validated HER2 as a target for HER2-specific antibody–drug conjugates (ADC). Despite its demonstrated clinical efficacy, certain inherent properties within T-DM1 hamper this compound from achieving the full potential of targeting HER2-expressing solid tumors with ADCs. Here, we detail the discovery of PF-06804103, an anti-HER2 ADC designed to have a widened therapeutic window compared with T-DM1. We utilized an empirical conjugation site screening campaign to identify the engineered ĸkK183C and K290C residues as those that maximized in vivo ADC stability, efficacy, and safety for a four drug–antibody ratio (DAR) ADC with this linker–payload combination. PF-06804103 incorporates the following novel design elements: (i) a new auristatin payload with optimized pharmacodynamic properties, (ii) a cleavable linker for optimized payload release and enhanced antitumor efficacy, and (iii) an engineered cysteine site–specific conjugation approach that overcomes the traditional safety liabilities of conventional conjugates and generates a homogenous drug product with a DAR of 4. PF-06804103 shows (i) an enhanced efficacy against low HER2-expressing breast, gastric, and lung tumor models, (ii) overcomes in vitro- and in vivo–acquired T-DM1 resistance, and (iii) an improved safety profile by enhancing ADC stability, pharmacokinetic parameters, and reducing off-target toxicities. Herein, we showcase our platform approach in optimizing ADC design, resulting in the generation of the anti-HER2 ADC, PF-06804103. The design elements of identifying novel sites of conjugation employed in this study serve as a platform for developing optimized ADCs against other tumor-specific targets.
Pegylated Engineered IL2 plus Anti–PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody: The Nectar Comes from the Combination
Authors: Rouanne Mathieu , Zitvogel Laurence , Marabelle Aurélien
Published: August 2020

In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Diab and colleagues demonstrate in a phase I trial enrolling 38 patients diagnosed with advanced solid tumors that combining the pegylated IL2 bempegaldesleukin with an anti–PD-1 mAb is safe, with an overall response rate of 59.5%. This compelling clinical activity is supported by the potent immune proliferation and activation of circulating T and natural killer cells with a >4-fold increase in the CD8/regulatory T-cell ratio in tumors, independent of baseline PD-L1 expression.

See related article by Diab et al., p. 1158.
Influência das redes sociais de informação no rádio e na veiculação musical
Authors: Sergl Marcos Júlio , Lanfranchi Karen Helena Bueno
Published: August 2020

Com o surgimento da internet, houve um deslocamento no processo de veiculação musical, antes restrita ao universo radiofônico e televisivo. Propomos uma reflexão acerca dessa descentralização possibilitada pelas Redes Sociais de Informação (RSI). Objetivamos identificar o papel delas no lançamento de novos artistas e na veiculação e recepção musical. Trabalhamos com pesquisa bibliográfica a fim de responder à questão: qual a relação das RSI com a veiculação e recepção musical no cenário brasileiro atual? Chegamos à conclusão de que as RSI revolucionaram o mercado musical, desde o momento da concepção da canção, até o processo de retroalimentação do compositor, proporcionado pela reação dos usuários.
Ditadura recalcitrante? A morte do reitor da UFSC Prof. Dr. Luiz Carlos Cancellier de Olivo, sob a ótica dos direitos da personalidade
Authors: Soares Marcelo Negri , Brasil Isabela , Braga Ellaysse
Published: August 2020

Este artigo, motivado pela morte do reitor da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), pretendeu propiciar um debate em torno dos conceitos de governança, governabilidade e a situação jurídica (e social) atual, para que posteriormente, fosse analisado qual o impacto que esses elementos tiveram no caso analisado. Constatou-se através da metodologia hipotético-dedutiva que embora a Constituição Federal tenha sido promulgada em 1988 e se vigore (em tese) um estado democrático de direito, o modo de governança atual está se assemelhando à de um estado ditatorial, uma vez que normas penais e civis (incluindo as que versam sobre os direitos da personalidade) são desrespeitadas e o princípio da dignidade humana é suprimido.
A contribuição da Missão Kemmerer na configuração dos estados latino-americanos
Authors: Salgado Tiago Santos , Vieira Vera Lucia
Published: August 2020

Ao término das independências, vários países latino-americanos, imersos em contendas internas e com uma correlação de forças frágeis, representantes dos segmentos dominantes solicitam (ou se veem obrigados) a solicitar, assessoria dos Estados Unidos para organizar a estrutura econômica central do Estado. Tal assessoria veio através da denominada Misión Kemmerer. A missão, chefiada pelo Dr. Edwin Walter Kemmerer, professor de Economia na Universidade de Princeton constitui-se em uma das mais exitosas missões de toda a América latina. Através de instrumentos técnicos, estabilizou a economia dos países, agradando a praticamente todos os segmentos sociais, auxiliou na inserção de líderes sindicalistas no governo e subordinou o país definitivamente aos Estados Unidos. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar essa missão no Chile a partir da década de 1920 em face à crise do capitalismo que acirrava as contradições socioeconômicas e aos desdobramentos conjunturais que adentram a década de 1930, a partir de documentos que situam o sistema fiscal, monetário, bancário e a dívida contraída com os Estados Unidos.
Um ano sem Marielle Franco
Authors: Alves Gabriela Santos , Cavaca Sthefany Duhz
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisa sobre marcas narrativas em jornais regionais brasileiros de destaque sobre o crime emblemático de Marielle Franco. Tendo o jornalismo como uma das principais ferramentas da sociedade para a garantia da democracia, a questão norteadora do artigo é: quais são as marcas narrativas dos jornais capixabas A Gazeta e A Tribuna produzidas sobre o caso de Marielle Franco no dia 14 de março de 2019? Pretende-se examinar, por meio da análise crítica de discurso feminista, as marcas narrativas produzidas pelos referidos jornais na data em que o crime completou um ano. Espera-se contribuir para teoria feminista e para a visibilidade da história e memória que se constrói sobre a vereadora na imprensa brasileira.
Sanatório Barros Barreto (Belém-Pa)
Authors: Leal Larissa Silva , Miranda Cybelle Salvador
Published: August 2020

A discussão a respeito do patrimônio cultural da saúde no Brasil tem se evidenciado nos últimos anos, principalmente a respeito dos desafios de valorização do patrimônio material e imaterial, dentre estes a arquitetura assistencial. O Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) começou a ser construído no ano de 1938 como Sanatório Barros Barreto e, em 1976, deixa de ser sanatório, passando a ser chamado de Hospital Barros Barreto. Nesse momento, a instituição se torna também um local provedor de desenvolvimento da ciência por meio das pesquisas em agentes etiológicos das enfermidades incidentes na região amazônica. Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar a arquitetura do HUJBB enquanto patrimônio e,assim, entender os elementos arquitetônicos que contribuem para o modelo de tratamento que se propunha a abrigar no antigo sanatório paraense.
Documento unificado
Authors: Silva Maurício Cândido da
Published: August 2020

Este texto apresenta documento elaborado pela Rede USP de Profissionais de Museus e Acervos que tem o objetivo de compilar, registrar e compartilhar conhecimentos e reflexões, propor diretrizes e protocolos sobre a prática técnica para orientação aos profissionais de museus.
Travessia do herói e pertencimento à ordem do coletivo
Authors: Gervaiseau Henri Pierre Arraes
Published: August 2020

O filme Lost, lost, lost (1976), de Jonas Mekas, recompõe o percurso de uma travessia iniciada com um involuntário processo de distanciamento de um território de origem. Discuto as heterogêneas estratégias de registro escolhidas e os modos privilegiados de composição dos materiais, no processo de construção do relato, para dar conta de vivências afetivas e sócio-históricas evocadas pelo narrador-diretor. Em função do entrelaçamento enigmático das matérias de expressão, pontuamos que é árdua a análise da narrativa, mas que podemos, entretanto, apreender o sentido do desenho proposto da travessia. E mostramos que a apontada recomposição final pelo narrador do seu próprio eu está relacionada à emergência de sentimentos de pertencimento que remetem à dimensão do coletivo.
Resistência e dissonância nas narrativas em disputa
Authors: Rodrigues Hila , Guimarães Juarez Rocha
Published: August 2020

Esse artigo analisa as narrativas produzidas pela mídia e pelos segmentos juvenis durante os movimentos de ocupação nas escolas e universidades no segundo semestre do ano de 2016. O exame dessas narrativas em disputa revela estratégias discursivas específicas: no âmbito das ocupações, o agendamento de temas destinados à formação de certos enquadramentos propostos pelos jovens estudantes, interessados em: (1) “furar” a narrativa dominante inaugurada pelos meios de comunicação televisivos; e (2) escapar às estratégias de silenciamento por meio dos atos de resistência. No âmbito midiático, tem-se o agendamento de temas destinados à formação de enquadramentos centrados na: (1) deslegitimação do movimento (a partir de chaves de oposição e contrafacção no campo semântico); na (2) estigmatização do discurso da resistência; e (3) na criminalização dos atos de resistência.
O papel da ferrovia na definição do território turístico e da hospitalidade
Authors: César Pedro De Alcântara Bittencourt , Brambatti Luiz Ernesto , Marchesini Thaise Zattera
Published: August 2020

Relaciona-se, neste artigo, o início da hospitalidade comercial de lazer com a formação de um equipamento turístico em Farroupilha, na Serra Gaúcha e a implantação da ferrovia. Justifica-se esta condição a partir do primeiro hotel de lazer, na atual Região Turística da Uva e Vinho, no estado brasileiro do Rio Grande do Sul, denominado Veraneio Desvio Blauth, objeto deste estudo. Objetiva-se assim, descrever o protagonismo do meio de hospedagem e sua importância histórica como equipamento proto-turistico, seu funcionamento e a importância da ferrovia na definição do território turístico, atualmente conhecido como Serra Gaúcha. Para justificar, reforça-se o entendimento do seu contexto regional e territorial, qualificando espacialmente e identificando como localidade turística. Nesta época, a área teve sua formação e estrutura pioneira de hospedagem associado a um ambiente rural, clima serrano e bucólico. Seu apogeu está ligado diretamente ao uso da ferrovia como meio de acesso. O presente estudo compreende o período em que funcionou o empreendimento turístico, de 1920 até meados da década de 1950. A metodologia é um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, com técnicas de pesquisa documental e entrevistas. Conclui-se que há protagonismo da família Blauth na instalação e funcionamento do equipamento, observando-se suas modificações territoriais, com a introdução de uma atividade diferente da agricultura praticada por descendentes de imigrantes italianos e germânicos, favorecida principalmente pela ferrovia. Aponta-se na pesquisa sua dependência ao acesso por meio ferroviário, além de fatores sucessórios do empreendimento, que levaram ao fim das atividades.
Networked Hospitality and Placemaking in the Sharing Economy
Authors: Marques Lénia , Williams Nigel
Published: August 2020

This article investigates the similarities and differences for tangible and intangible elements (factors and language use) contributing to placemaking in Airbnb English language reviews in Paris (59,057 reviews), Barcelona (19,291 reviews) and London (30,403 reviews). This paper contributes to provide new insights on the narrative construction of reputational capital which is connected to placemaking strategies. A combined quantitative approach using large scale text analysis enabled the analysis of review content and style. Patterns in the words usage were identified. Findings suggest that tangible and intangible elements work together in the discourse, contributing to the place-narrative built on the host’s reputational capital. The host-guest interaction is the main aspect of the reviews, followed by the importance of transport and local amenities. Cities have different profiles in the composition of the word clusters which indicates differences in the guests’ perceived experience.
Análise empírica da fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio Duas Bocas, Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Santos James Rafael Ulisses dos , Marchioro Eberval
Published: August 2020

O estudo teve como propósito analisar a Fragilidade Ambiental Potencial (FAP) e Emergente (FAE) da bacia hidrográfica do rio Duas Bocas, Espírito Santo, por meio da integração das variáveis: declividade, geomorfologia, solos, uso e cobertura da terra e precipitação de 1970, 2008 e 2012. A metodologia dividiu-se em três etapas: a primeira correspondeu a pesquisas bibliográficas e aquisição de dados vetoriais e matriciais. Na segunda etapa foram realizados levantamentos de campo para o reconhecimento da área e validação dos produtos cartográficos in loco. A terceira etapa ficou a cargo dos trabalhos de gabinete com a elaboração dos produtos cartográficos. Com a análise dos resultados contatou-se que a FAP apresentou as classes alta e muito alta na nas porções central e superior da bacia, com presença de Cambissolos Háplicos e Neossolos Litólicos em relevo fortemente dissecado e declividades acima de 30%. Na porção inferior as classes foram baixa e média com presença de Latossolos Vermelho-Amarelo e Gleissolos, em relevo suave ondulado e plano, com declividade entre 0 a 6% e 6% a 12%. A FAE teve uma atenuação na porção superior, devido ao uso da terra (mata nativa), com classes muito baixa e baixa. Já na porção central a classe foi alta e média (exceção 1970), e na inferior classe baixa e média, tendo pastagem como uso e alguns pontos com classe muito baixa, devida a fragmentos de mata nativa, com alta e média em 1970 na planície fluvial. Contudo, a metodologia utilizada mostrou-se satisfatória quanto à fragilidade ambiental.
A interligação da polivalência com a interdisciplinaridade e o ensino integrado das artes
Authors: Cunha Daiane Solange Stoeberl da , Lima Sonia Albano de
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discorrer e analisar a polivalência no ensino das Artes na Educação Básica Brasileira, sob uma perspectiva pedagógica interdisciplinar, com o intuito de afastar deste conceito o sentido pejorativo que lhe tem sido atribuído pelos educadores artísticos e pesquisadores da área. O artigo é parte da investigação de doutorado realizada no Brasil e na Espanha objetivando demonstrar a importância de se habilitar um docente para o ensino artístico na educação básica, capaz de ensinar e integrar as diversas linguagens artísticas. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão de literatura voltada para a compreensão dos conceitos de polivalência, integração das artes e interdisciplinaridade, tanto no contexto educativo como profissional, tendo em vista a existência de uma produção artística contemporânea que cada vez mais integra as várias linguagens no seu produto final. A formação de um docente com um perfil polivalente agregado a uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, não só atende às prescrições legislativas destinadas a Educação Básica, como também viabiliza a formação de um docente capacitado para compreender mais intensamente a produção artística contemporânea e desenvolver com os alunos um ensino menos tecnicista, que privilegia a criatividade e os contextos socioculturais da Arte contemporânea.
Heitor Villa-Lobos e a “Embaixada Artística Brasileira” na Argentina (1940)
Authors: Arcanjo Loque
Published: August 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a presença da “Embaixada Artística Brasileira” liderada por Heitor Villa-Lobos em Buenos Aires nos anos de 1940. Pretende-se demonstrar os diversos significados históricos atribuídos ao evento por meio da análise historiográfica dos periódicos produzidos no Brasil e na Argentina em relação à diplomacia cultural do Estado Novo (1937-1940). O texto tem como objetivo redimensionar o papel do compositor e de sua música para a política externa brasileira, valorizando o diálogo entre as fontes periódicas e aquelas referentes à produção musical de Villa-Lobos apresentada nos concertos na capital Argentina. A análise crítica das fontes fez emergir sobre a música de Villa-Lobos um conjunto de significados históricos que externaliza o papel de suas narrativas musicais para a política do Estado Novo no contexto da Segunda Guerra Mundial e do Pan-americanismo.
The use of an interactive music system as an aid for exploring sound in music education in a rural area
Authors: Duarte-García Mario Alberto , Wilde Emma , Cortez Rodrigo , Sigal Jorge Rodrigo
Published: August 2020

Technology has been widely used for educational processes; in the arts several researchers have investigated the employment of computational systems and gadgets to approach younger audiences. This paper describes the design and implementation of an interactive music system used as a tool for an electroacoustic music course for children in a rural community. The system comprises a MaxMSP digital interface and an OSC Controller app for Android. Graphic User Interfaces were created in MaxMSP in order to process individual musical parameters, this can be controlled by mobile devices using Open Sound Control OSC protocols. The interactive system was used by children (6-15 years old) to explore sound worlds during a series of electroacoustic music courses and workshops.
Music is not enough
Authors: Savasta Alsina Mene
Published: August 2020

The first event in Argentina that ever included arte sonoro in its programming was Experimenta. Through its concerts and workshops, it was a milestone for the argentinean experimental music at the end of the 90s. Since its first edition in 1997, it challenged circles and procedures already stabilized in music, bringing together artists from different generations and sonic searches. It was in its year 2000 edition that the festival incorporated arte sonoro as one of its tags for the first time. What does it happen when it becomes necessary, from one moment to the next, to use a new expression to name an artistic activity?

That music is not enough is the hypothesis of this outline of the sound art history in Argentina, which aims to illuminate the foundational moment when that category arte sonoro began to be used in the programming of events and festivals.

From the observation of the textual framework around works and events -that is, catalogs, critical texts or press releases- we will see that, since 2000 in Argentina, the initial circulation of the expression arte sonoro shows what could be understood as musical origin, as a reaction to what was established, and as one of the features that contribute to the particular identity of early Argentine arte sonoro, in contrast with other histories -from other geographies- that usually link the origin of sound art with art installations and the participation of galleries and museums.
Headphone Listening Cultures
Authors: Arango Julián Jaramillo , Barbosa Paulo Assis , Astorga Esteban
Published: August 2020

This paper discusses the headphones as key factors in the establishment of a mobile listening culture by suggesting that the function of this artifact has been changing according not only with technological innovation, but also with economic contingencies borrowed from capitalist logics. By discussing concepts such as tympanic function (Jonathan Sterne) and Commodity Scientism (Thimoty Taylor) the text will examine theories on the origins of headphones, as well as analyzing early models. The Walkman, launched in the 1980, will be the subject of a detailed scrutiny, since it is responsible for linking the use of audio devices with the urban life. Afterward, the article will confront a handful of texts discussing mobile listening, fostered by the Walkman and extended by subsequent portable audio products such as the Apple’s iPod. In the contemporaneity, the headphones underwent a process of stylization and have achieved the status of a fashion accessory. On the other hand, they are being implemented in interactive audio narratives such as games and smartphone applications. Locative audio will be discussed as an experimental field envisaging future functions and features for the headphones.
Politics of listening
Authors: Campesato Lílian
Published: August 2020

In this work I intend to explore the issue of listening in regards to gender and music by discussing two projects in which I have participated: the collective Sonora: Músicas e Feminismos; and the work on 'conversation' and 'self-listening' conducted in conjunction with Brazilian composer and scholar Valéria Bonafé. In both of them I want to stress the connection between the idea of community as a space for the establishment of differences and the question of listening as an exercise of otherness.
Inhuman Habitations
Authors: Little James
Published: August 2020

Taking as its starting point the proposition that Beckett’s closed spaces need a body in order to “go on,” this article examines the “production of space” in the confined habitations of Imagination Dead Imagine and All Strange Away. I use evidence from the “Fancy Dead Dying” Notebook to argue that the concept of “the human” remains central to Beckett’s production of closed space in All Strange Away. My conclusion highlights the importance of gender politics in the text’s production of space.
FIN DE PARTIE, György Kurtág / Samuel Beckett
Authors: de Ruyter Danièle
Published: August 2020

Avec Fin de partie : scènes et monologues, opéra en un acte, Győrgy Kurtág rend hommage à Beckett : non pas en accompagnant mais en réponse au texte, dont il n’ a été retenu qu’ une partie, la musique et le chant soulignant la recherche profondément beckettienne du silence et de l’ ailleurs. Pour cela Kurtág s’ appuie également sur les résonances créées par le poème “Roundelay,” autre œuvre beckettienne placée en prologue de l’ opéra.
Fonctions de l’ objet romanesque dans la première trilogie de Beckett
Authors: Courtois Martine
Published: August 2020

Dans la première trilogie de Beckett, la dissociation de l’ inventaire et des histoires met en cause le statut des objets et en perturbe toutes les fonctions habituelles. Accessoire, attribut, indice, objet d’ échange ou de quête, objet de savoir, aucune de ces qualités ne se vérifie. Enfin, l’ échec de l’ illusion référentielle réduit l’ inventaire à une nomenclature, et l’ histoire à une narrativisation de la liste. Mais comme le langage ne peut éliminer les signifiés, le roman abstrait reste irréalisable, car la res resurgit toujours derrière le rien.
“the earth is extinguished, though I never saw it lit”
Authors: Brower Emily R.
Published: August 2020

Samuel Beckett litters the text of his despairing post-apocalyptic drama with references to the book of Genesis. Beckett dissolves and diminishes the characters, plot, structure, and even syntax of Genesis as he undermines the world’s beginning in order to portray its end. Significantly, the allusions and references to Genesis are scattered and incoherent, replicating the disintegration of the world through their dissolute form. Endgame intentionally disseminates the texts, stories, and structures of Genesis—as well as its patriarchal family structure—amidst a chaotic, explosive deployment of the Bible itself. The text does more than allude to Genesis and reverse creation; it deconstructs the western world’s foundational text as an integral part of the world’s end.
Precise evaluation method for the stability analysis of multi-scale slopes
Authors: Yin Xiangjie , Lin Hang , Chen Yifan , Wang Yixian , Zhao Yanlin
Published: August 2020

Slope stability analysis is a multi-scale problem. Typically, owing to the distinctions of slope scales (e.g., slope height or slope angle) in practical engineering, the stability calculation results of slopes with various scales from numerical methods inevitably exhibit different computational precision levels in the case of identical computational grids, and therefore the stability results of different slopes cannot be compared. To achieve equal accuracy stability analysis for multi-scale slopes, this study establishes numerical models of slopes with various scales as well as different grid shapes and sizes to conduct stability analysis. The results show the following: (a) a positive correlation relationship exists between the safety factor of the slope and the scaling factor, which is defined as the ratio of the grid size to the slope height; (b) the definition of the refined safety factor is given, representing the safety factor that corresponds to the infinitesimal grid size and eliminating the computational error of slope stability analysis caused by grid size or shape; (c) on this basis, embarking on the composite influence of multiple scales of slope on stability analysis, the study proposes a simplified treatment method suitable for evaluating the refined safety factor of the multi-scale slopes, which is verified as valid and feasible by some examples.
The Guardians of the Welfare State: Universal Credit, Welfare Control and the Moral Economy of Frontline Work in Austerity Britain
Authors: Koch Insa
Published: August 2020

Ongoing processes of ‘austerity localism’, including the state’s withdrawal from local communities, have created heightened pressures at the frontline. Sitting in local authorities, third sector bodies and community organisations, frontline workers come to act as the de facto guardians of a much-diminished welfare state. Yet, in a situation where needs outweigh resources, they also allocate support based on moral hierarchies of deservingness. This Janus-faced role of frontline workers as both a bulwark against, and an enabler of, neo-liberal welfare control is examined through the framework of a moral economy of frontline work. I argue that the tensions reflect a deeper struggle over competing notions of citizenship, and of the state’s responsibilities towards its citizens, in austerity Britain today.
Superficial Parotidectomy: Impact of Postoperative Drainage
Authors: Nielsen Charlotte Fog , Riis Charlotte Bjerg Sand , Christensen Anne Louise Bach , Mirz Frank , Reinholdt Kasper Basse , Ovesen Therese , Fjaeldstad Alexander Wieck
Published: August 2020

Background:

Use of suction drain after superficial parotidectomy (SP) is based on national consensus considered best practice, but there is no evidence on the effect of the treatment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of drainage after SP by evaluating the rate of complications after SP in relation to the (ie, duration) of drainage and tumor size.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis was performed involving data from all consecutive patients undergoing SP at the Ear, Nose, and Throat department, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Denmark, between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. Demographics including comorbidity, medication, tumor size, postoperative secretion through the drainage, as well as complications (hematoma, seroma, infection, fistulas, Frey syndrome, facial nerve palsy) were registered. Patients with secretion below 25 mL were compared to patients with secretion above 25 mL, that is, drainage less than 24 hours versus longer than 24 hours. Results: Two hundred five consecutive patients undergoing SP were enrolled. The overall risk of postoperative infection was 16.2%. Ten of 33 patients with infection were also diagnosed with an hematoma or seroma. The risk of infection increased with secretion above 25 mL (27.2%) compared to patients with less than 25 mL (13.1%; P = .0318). The same accounts for the risk of seromas/hematomas ( P = .0055). We found no evidence that demographics or comorbidity correlated to the secretion in the drainage, but there is a tendency toward male gender having a higher risk off secretion above 25 mL (odds ratio 1.39).

Conclusion:

Overall, the risk of complications after SP increased with secretion beyond 25 mL (ie, drainage for more than 24 hours). This applied in particular to infections and seromas/hematomas demanding treatment. The use of routine drainage after SP is questionable, and a randomized trial is warranted to unravel the necessity of postoperative drainage.
Cervical Nodal Metastatic Pituitary Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Kwok Matthew M. , Virk Jagdeep S. , Michael Michael , McKinley Madeleine , Magarey Matthew J. R.
Published: August 2020

Pituitary carcinomas are rare tumors with only 170 cases reported in the literature.1 They form a very small proportion of pituitary tumors, which are commonly benign adenomas. Metastatic disease diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology is extremely rare and has only been reported in 6 patients,2-5 3 of whom had cervical nodal metastases, with other sites of metastases being the liver and cervical vertebra. We report a case of cervical metastatic pituitary carcinoma diagnosed by core needle biopsy.
Introduction to the special issue: Elections, rhetoric and American foreign policy in the age of Donald Trump
Authors: Lacatus Corina , Meibauer Gustav
Published: August 2020

This introduction presents the special issue’s conceptual and empirical starting points and situates the special issue’s intended contributions. It does so by reviewing extant scholarship on electoral rhetoric and foreign policy and by teasing out several possible linkages between elections, rhetoric and foreign policy. It also discusses how each contribution to the special issue seeks to illuminate causal mechanisms at work in these linkages. Finally, it posits that these linkages are crucial to examining the changes brought about by Trump’s election and his foreign policy rhetoric.
Studying political disputes: A rhetorical perspective and a case study
Authors: Hatzisavvidou Sophia
Published: August 2020

This article argues that rhetorical analysis is a method particularly well-suited for the study of political disputes and introduces commonplaces as a tool to conduct such analysis. Commonplaces function as key reference points that produce and organise social meaning; they can thus help to clarify the terms of the dispute and illuminate how these are linked to broader debates within the political community. Commonplaces call into attention sedimented views and point to alternative norms of action pursued by agents of change and therefore to entry points for recontestation. The article substantiates this claim through a case study that maps arguments for climate action in party manifestos in the 2019 General Election in the United Kingdom. A rhetorical analysis of the material highlights the emergence of a number of insurgent commonplaces that seek to disturb the dominance of ‘economic growth’ as principle that informs climate action. Commonplaces can provide a more nuanced understanding of public debates, help to identify sedimented ideological views, and illuminate openings for recontestation and the pursuit of alternative socio-ecological arrangements.