bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiscal Gap: an Estimate for Russia
Authors: Goryunov E. , Kotlikoff L. , Sinelnikov-Murylev S.
Published: March 2019

Fiscal gap is an indicator of long run sustainability of government finance. It is derived from intertemporal budget constraint which connects flows of budget outlays and receipts aggregated along decades. In order to get an estimate of Russia’s general government fiscal gap we consider three scenarios which are based on different assumptions regarding demographic trends, productivity growth, extractable reserves of oil and natural gas, long-term price of oil and natural gas, etc. Estimated value of fiscal gap implies that current fiscal policy cannot provide budget sustainability in the long run. There are two major factors of the budget imbalances: rising health and pension expenditures due to demographic trends and shrinking role of tax revenues from the energy sector due to extraction growth rate projected to be lower than GDP growth. This study is an extension of (Goryunov et al., 2013).
Modern Austrian School on Institutions, Development Problems and the Role of the Economist
Authors: Zaostrovtsev A.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the classification of institutions by the reporesentatives of modern Austrian economic school and its meaning for understanding the problems of development economics. The especially important role of institu- tional stickiness in the initially alien social environment is emphasized. Attention is drawn to the fact that the intention to impute progressive institutions in a backward country without adjustment to its endogenous institutions or chang- ing the latter by formation of new beliefs may lead to their rejection. On this basis the modern Austrian school sees the economist not as an engineer, but as a researcher and beliefs affecting educator.
Prospects of BRICS institutionalization
Authors: Kheyfets B.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses the features and stages of institutionalization of BRICS that becomes a real player in world politics and economics. There are 4 models of further institutionalization of BRICS, which will be combined with each other. A promising model that involves the creation of new BRICS institutions, providing a multiple effect on the development of the association, is noted. Among such institutions BRICS Bank for International Settlements and the Free Trade and Investments Zone of BRICS are offered.
Metamorphoses in trade complementarities among BRICS and their export positions
Authors: Khmelevskaya N.
Published: March 2019

The article contributes to better understanding of how much intra BRICS’s trade complementarity may extend export growth opportunities. The nature of BRICS countries complementarity is derived from global value added chains, which, in turn, are driven by growing technological content of export. The estimations made for enlarged blocks of variables of extensive export growth among BRICS have revealed that China leverages intra BRICS trade insofar it may complement its export. Brazil and Russia do it in order to substitute weak external demand. For Russia and South Africa estimations have proved extreme influence of external markets and their sentiments. Decomposition of variables to the most competitive and complementary HS subpositions of trade among BRICS (they are mineral fuel, ores and precious metal and stones, electrical, electronic equipment) help reveal that world demand and BRICS demand influence BRICS’s export divergently. But their statistically insignificant regression coefficients confirm the hypothesis that BRICS’s bilateral export markets are shallow and vulnerable. So, to enrich intra BRICS trade they need broaden trade flows widening their product mix and deepening technological content.
Dollar’s triumph in Bretton Woods: how was it done?
Authors: Butorina O.
Published: March 2019

The increased economic power of the United States and their enormous golden reserves are the main reasons used by economists to explain why the Bretton Woods conference of 1944 put the dollar in the centre of a new international financial system. However, it is not clear if these conditions were sufficient for the introduction of a gold (de facto dollar) standard and excluded any other type of international financial order. The study of historical data reveals an effective diplomatic maneuver conducted by the U.S. administration with an aim to prevent a global transit to fiat money, to keep the importance of gold and to build a strictly hierarchical international financial system.
The experience of ranking russian economic journals
Authors: Balatsky E. , Ekimova N.
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of the rating of Russian economic journals, the methodology of which is based on a combination of bibliometric data and expert interviews. Processing of the statistical information system of Russian science citation index (RINC) allows us to form a “primary” list of the best journals in the country. Expert evaluation of the list makes it possible to reorganize it with regard to the scientific level of periodicals and get the “secondary” list. The merger of two ranking systems forms the basis of obtaining the final ranking of economic journals. It is shown that the leading part of the constructed rating forms a kind of the Diamond List of journals, which on the whole agrees with similar lists obtained in earlier studies by other authors.
Shadow Economy in Russia: System Resourceand a Factor of Braking Social and Economic Development
Authors: Akhmeduyev A.
Published: March 2019

The article considers current problems of shadow economy, reveals its positive role and negative consequences for Russia and its regions. It is shown that shadow economy represents, on the one hand, a social stabilizer, the sphere of survival of a considerable part of the population, and on the other - a powerful factor of braking development of the society. Therefore the state policy has to be focused on active legalization of shadow economy.
Strengthening the Independenceof the Attorneys’ community in Russia: The Demand of the Population and Business, Human capital, and Professional Associations
Authors: Kazun A.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes social and economic factors that provide Russian attorneys an opportunity to compensate the institutional weakness of their profession, to protect the independency and effectively defend the interests of the clients. As an indicator of dependent position of attorney we use the proportion of cases with plea bargaining. Using the date of representative nationwide survey of 3317 attorneys in Russia we conclude that the independence of attorney is associated with‘resources for confrontation’: previous experience, client’s demand for legal services, communication with colleagues and membership in professional associations.
Poverty is no crime, but a problem to study (Nobel Memorial Prize in economics 2015 - Angus Deaton)
Authors: Belianin A. , Denisova I.
Published: March 2019

The Nobel Prize in Economics in 2015 was awarded to Angus Deaton for his studies of consumer behavior, poverty and welfare. The paper provides an explanation of Deaton’s key academic achievements and his contribution to economics and policy making in the area of micro data collection and analysis.
Sustainability of Russian economy in the mirror of the system economic theory (Part 2)
Authors: Kleiner G.
Published: March 2019

This article is the second part of the paper published in the previous issue of the journal. In the first part of the article we presented the basic problem of economic sustainability in the strategic perspective, from the viewpoint of the system economic theory. In the second part of the article we discuss the capabilities of this theory as a tool for analyzing the sustainability of the economy and its principal subsystems. We explore the potential of the four system sectors of the economy (object, project, process and environment) for stimulating its development and stabilization. A model for the distribution of role functions of the system sectors of the economy at various stages of the crisis cycle is proposed, ensuring the balanced development of the economy. The special role of its object sector as an active subsystem supporting the stability and diversification in the economy is explained. The multilayer structure of economic subjects is considered as the framework of the national economy, the development of which is especially important during the crisis and post-crisis stages of the crisis cycle. Therefore, the need to strengthen the subject framework of the economy is highlighted, paying particular attention to industries as the subjects of mesoeconomy. On the basis of that, reforms in the organization of government and management are suggested, and recommendations are formulated on the major principles of economic policy regarding the sustainability of the national economy.
The impact of financial sanctions on the Russian economy
Authors: Gurvich E. , Prilepskiy I.
Published: March 2019

The paper looks into the impact of the Western financial sanctions on the Russian economy. The results of modeling of capital flow components (taking into account the influence of other factors, including the fall in oil prices) demonstrate that, apart from the direct effect of constraints on foreign funding for sanctioned state-controlled banks, oil, gas and arms companies, there is also a significant indirect effect of lower inflows of foreign direct investment and worsening funding conditions for non-sanctioned companies. The overall negative effect on gross capital inflow in 2014-2017 is estimated at about $280bn. However, the effect on net capital inflow is significantly lower ($160-170bn) thanks to self-adjustment of Russian companies evident in utilization of foreign assets accumulated earlier for debt repayment and overall decrease in gross capital outflow. The estimated sanctions’ effect on GDP is significant (-2.4 p.p. by 2017 as compared to hypothetical scenario without sanctions) but 3.3 times lower than the estimated effect of oil price shock.
Culture, names and economic development
Authors: Borisova E. , Kulkova A.
Published: March 2019

Various components of culture have long been in the focus of economic research. Numerous empirical studies show that cultural norms, as well as religion and language, matter for economic development and have not only statistical but also economic significance. This paper considers various examples of how culture can affect individual values and behavior. It also deals with personal names as a key marker of one’s cultural identity. Overall, the paper contributes to the more profound understanding of a famous notion that "culture matters", and helps clarify the mechanisms through which culture exerts its influence.
Does the Russian economy need human capital? Ten doubt
Authors: Gimpelson V.
Published: March 2019

Positive impact of human capital on economic growth seems to be undisputable but its magnitude depends on to what extent high quality education and skills are demanded and valued by the labour market. This essay argues that the lack of demand for human capital cannot be cured by growing supply if other things remain intact. The author formulates 10 doubts concerning human capital absorption in the Russian economy. These doubts, supported by statistical and anecdotal evidence, relate to low quality of the Russian institutional environment which limits demand for labour and distorts its structure.
Assessment of the place of the russian Federation in the global financial market
Authors: Danilov Y.
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of the study that assesses the place of Russia in the global financial market. The current ratings of the global competitiveness of national financial markets and financial centers are based on objective and subjective assessment of the competitive factors. Our approach is based on objective indicators, characterizing the results of the competition, including the proportion of countries in the global financial market, P/E, and others. The article presents the results of calculations of Russia’s place in the global financial market, based on which the conclusions about the causes of the loss of positions, weak links of the Russian financial market, competitors success factors are made.
Culture and institutions. Part II
Authors: Alesina A. , Giuliano P.
Published: March 2019

The second part of the paper considers interconnections and interactions of culture and formal institutions and demonstrates the role of culture in economic development. In particular, it shows the importance of individualism, cooperation, trust, and various forms of regulation. It considers and compares different characteristics of the labor market and social policy. It also demonstrates the feedback effects between culture and institutions in various contexts.
Choice of addictive behavior: Temptation, risks, and self-control
Authors: Bukin K. , Levin M. , Shilova N.
Published: March 2019

Today there are several common approaches to the study of addictive consumer choice. However, one of the existing approaches is often overlooked due to its complexity. This article aims to fill this gap. We start with a brief retrospective overview of the history of the issue and proceed by a detailed analysis of current research in the field of choice theory which takes into account the evolution of preferences over time in the presence of addiction. These preferences lead to deviation of a rational consumer from rationality under the influence of temptation, addiction, desire to have a greater choice etc.
DSGE-based forecasting: What should our perspective be?
Authors: Malakhovskaya O.
Published: March 2019

The article compares the accuracy of point forecasts made with a structural dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model (DSGE) to those made with vector autoregressions estimated by OLS (VAR) and by Bayesian methods (BVAR). The main question addressed in the article is whether DSGE-based forecasts are as accurate as non-structural model ones. The comparison is made on the ground of mean squared forecast errors. The results show that the forecasting ability of the DSGE model is in general inferior to that of the BVAR. However, the difference is not critical. Moreover, for some variables and forecasting horizons, the DSGE model produces the forecast with the lowest error among all three models in question.
The ideas for future economic growth (To the 110th birth anniversary of academician T. S. Khachaturov)
Authors: Bobylev S. , Faltsman V.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes academician T. S. Khachaturov contribution to the development of economic theory and practice. We name the following areas of his pioneering research and applications: the basic theory of economic growth efficiency, investment efficiency, natural resource and environmental economics, transport economics.
Behavioral macroeconomics: Towards a newsynthesis?
Authors: Nikiforov A. , Antipina O.
Published: March 2019

This article overviews the existing possibilities of synthetizing New Keynesian optimization models with the research in behavioral economics. These approaches allow to build empirically adequate macroeconomic models and to expound this framework as a new research program, as a unification of traditional macroeconomic theory and behavioral economics.
General trends and regional specifics in the maternity capital disposal in Russia
Authors: Gorina E.
Published: March 2019

The article examines the non-demographic outcomes of the maternity capital program as a measure of socio-economic assistance to families with children. The analysis is based on the data of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and population surveys. The scale of and the reasons for the regional differences are revealed. It is concluded that this support mainly benefits the population of low-level economic development regions and small towns and rural areas, while the largest cities’ and the northern regions’ population profits less from the program. However, the housing shortage of families with children has not been explicitly relieved after the implementation of the maternity capital program.
Structuralism and the search for truth  (On the book "Origins: Qualitative changes in economic reality and economic science")
Authors: Orekhovsky P.
Published: March 2019

This review of the almanakh Istoki (Origins) traces the discussions between well-known economists happening both within and between various parts of the book. These different positions in macroeconomics, economic methodology, history of economic thought and economic history demonstrate the multidimensionality of the book prompting its readers to abandon logical empiricism and belief that there is a single "true" theory.
Organization and system  (On the book "Empirical analysis of public procurement system in Russia")
Authors: Ivanov A.
Published: March 2019

In the paper, on the basis of the monograph of Higher School of Economics researchers, devoted to the study of the effect of Federal Law 94-FZ on the formation of the public procurement system of the Russian Federation, the author expresses his views on issues of strategic planning of research in the modern university, the relationship of scientific research and the development of public policy in general and in the field of public procurement in particular. The paper identifies the contributions of research, included in the monograph, to economic theory and effectiveness of public procurement in the Russian Federation.
Anti-crisis measures or structural reforms: Russia’s economic policy in 2015
Authors: Mau V.
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with 2015 trends and challenges for social and economic policy in the nearest future. The analysis of global crisis includes: uneven developments in the leading advanced and emerging economies; new models of economic growth which look differently in different countries; prospects of globalization and challenges of ‘regional globalization’; currency configurations of the future; energy prices dynamics and its influence on political and economic prospects of particular states. Current challenges are discussed in the context of previous 30 years. Among the main topics on Russia, there are approaches to a new growth model, structural transformation (including import substitution issues), economic dynamics, budget and monetary outlines, social issues. The priorities of economic policy are also considered.
Corporate charity and corporate philanthropy in russia: an economic sociology analysis
Authors: Kuzina O. , Chernysheva M.
Published: March 2019

Several approaches exist that help explain the motivations for corporate charity and philanthropy. Structural functionalism associates these to the idea of solidarity, according to institutional approach they provide legitimacy for businesses, critical theory implies that they play an ideological role in sustaining the leading position of the dominating social class. This paper complements the existing models by treating these phenomena as a patrimonial type of exchange between business and government: the state provides the opportunity for the companies to do business on its territory in exchange for their loyalty.
Import substitution in the russian agri-food market: Expectations and capabilities
Authors: Golubev A.
Published: March 2019

Problems of national farm industry dependence on imported agricultural components are shown in the article. Conditions for the effective agro-industrial complex operation, capable to provide import substitution are analyzed. Special aspects of both national-based and foreign-based innovations production development are emphasized. Availability of resources and measures to ensure import substitution on the agri-food market are considered. The method for cost-based product price calculation is proposed taking into account fluctuations of the foreign currency. Farmers’ views on factors determining the situation in agriculture are presented. To sum it up, potential capacity and conditions providing food import substitution are determined.
The impact of the embargo and sanctions on the agri-food markets in Russia: Analysis of consequences
Authors: Borodin K.
Published: March 2019

The paper examines the impact of the embargo and sanctions on the agri-food markets in Russia. The analysis has shown that markets of milk and beef are experiencing serious problems. One of the main reasons for market volatility is a relatively low share of large enterprises with better adaptability in conditions of the embargo and sanctions and underdeveloped market infrastructure. The method that allows to quantify the consequences of the embargo and sanctions impact for the commodity markets is developed on the basis of a partial equilibrium model. The method has been tested on the meat markets (beef, pork, poultry). The estimates of changes in foreign trade, prices of producers and consumers, the dynamics of production, losses of budget, producers and consumers are provided. The results show that the budget suffers losses in all cases, and the markets with higher dependence on imports under the impact of the embargo and sanctions lose more in the welfare than those with less dependence. Poultry market has shown good stability and welfare under the embargo and sanctions due to high competition, mainly among large enterprises.
Fluctuations in uncertainty
Authors: Bloom N.
Published: March 2019

In this essay, the author addresses four questions about uncertainty. First, what are some facts and patterns about economic uncertainty? Both macro and micro uncertainty appear to rise sharply in recessions and fall in booms. Uncertainty also varies heavily across countries - developing countries appear to have about one-third more macro uncertainty than developed countries. Second, why does uncertainty vary during business cycles? Third, do fluctuations in uncertainty affect behavior? Fourth, has higher uncertainty worsened the Great Recession and slowed the recovery? Much of this discussion is based on research on uncertainty from the last five years, reflecting the recent growth of the literature.
Differences in Russian regions attractiveness for foreign and domestic investors
Authors: Kuznetsova O.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the analyzes of foreign investors role in Russian regions based on the data on the investment in fixed assets of organizations with foreign capital and the regions attractiveness for foreign and domestic investors based on non-budgetary investment to GRP. New approaches are suggested to quantitative assessment of branch specialization of regions (first of all for metal and oil and gas industry) and the volume of their markets, which are among the factors explaining inter-regional differences in the role of foreign capital. Also the importance of the state investment policy, the size of regional economy, offshore origin of foreign capital is shown.
A survey of methods for macroeconomic forecasting:looking for perspective directions in russia
Authors: Pestova A. , Mamonov M.
Published: March 2019

The paper describes the evolution of macroeconomic theory in the XX century and the development of empirical models for applied macroeconomic forecasting. A comparison of modern structural and non-structural methods for macroeconomic forecasting is made. We consider the experience of macroeconomic forecasting in Russia and reveal its weaknesses and prospects for improvement.
Food embargo and choice of priorities
Authors: Shagaida N. , Uzun V.
Published: March 2019

In this paper the authors clarify the concept of “national interest”, for the sake of which the embargo on food deliveries to Russia was introduced on August 7, 2014. Its impact on Russian agricultural producers, consumers and countries under embargo has been estimated. We find that the embargo had a positive effect on producers of agricultural products and a negative one on consumers. The economies of the countries under embargo have not suffered in general - the share of food in their exports increased as they managed to reorient them on other markets. In Russia the effect of the embargo was influenced by ruble devaluation which encouraged consumers to choose domestic food instead of imported one as less expensive. Growth of Russian production, especially meat, in conditions of decrease of solvent demand has led to changes in price trends. The possibility of food reexport to Russia has become an external positive effect of the embargo for other countries. Using other priorities when choosing countersanctions could make them more targeted having less negative impact on the population of Russia.
Foreign experience of import substitution and possible conclusions for Russia
Authors: Zagashvili V.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes the possibility to use foreign experience of import substitution in the current environment of the Russian economy. The paper addresses the theoretical foundation of the import substitution policy laid down by F. Liszt, as well as its development and practical implementation in the middle and second half of the twentieth century. It is shown that such a policy is not consistent with the trends and the current stage of the world economic development. The conclusion is made that Russian economic policy should be focused on creating conditions for effective integration of the national business into the net of transnational industry and global value added chains.
Public employment in Russia: Do social security or economic factors matter?
Authors: Gurvich E. , Khazanov A.
Published: March 2019

The paper contains analysis of Russian public employment and its segments: public administration, education and health care, in 2000-2014. The per capita number of public sector employees in Russia substantially exceeds that of countries with comparable GDP per capita. The results of the region-level analysis do not support the hypothesis that the public sector acts as an "employer of last resort", smoothing the effect of the labor market shocks. At the same time the region-level analysis reveals a positive relation of fiscal transfers from other budgets, which in case of public administration underpins the "ratchet effect" - an increase in case of additional revenues and no effect in case of the decrease of the inflow. In all segments there is evidence of the "economy of scale": the negative relation between the per capita employment and regional population numbers. There is also some support of the hypothesis that public employment depends on the demand for public goods: we have found positive relation of employment in public administration with urbanization and of employment in education with the share of young population.
Civil service reform in the mirror of budget expenditures
Authors: Borshchevskiy G.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to issues of reforming the system of national civil service. This problem is considered in conjunction with the budget process. A new methodology is presented, which allows determine the share of the costs for the maintenance of public service in terms of changes of budget classification. The connection between the costs of financing of public service and other groups of budgetary expenditures in 1991-2014 has been traced. The hypothesis of relationship between the course of the civil service reforming and the general direction of social and economic development of the country has been tested by comparing the dynamics of budget expenditures for the maintenance of the public service with the dynamics of a number of macroeconomic indicators. The ways to enhance the validity of planning budget expenditures have been offered.
The effect of university quality on graduates’ wages
Authors: Roshchin S. , Rudakov V.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the impact of university quality on graduates’ wages. It combines the information on university, graduates’ wages, socio-demographic characteristics with the data on Unified State Exam (USE) enrollment rates. It is shown that the graduates of high-quality universities have stable wage premium comparing with ordinary university graduates after controlling for academic, socio-demographic and labor market factors. One additional point at the university USE enrollment rate provides the graduates with 1,4-1,5% wage premium. Earnings obtained by the graduates of most selective universities are 23% higher compared with those of the low-quality universities. Impact of the university quality measured by its status is insignificant. Work experience is a more significant predictor of recent graduates’ wages while the significance of the quality of university for recent graduates is lower than for the whole sample.
Development of the microfinance organizations market in Russia: The conflict of interests of investors, borrowers and the government
Authors: Karpushin E.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes the problems of functioning of Russian microfinance organizations (MFO), caused by a worsening economic situation in the country, an impoverishment of the population, and difficulties of attracting financial resources from banks. It grounds the necessity of MFO’s existence and adequacy of methods of their work. The basic tendencies of the given business development, experts opinions and forecasts are considered. Recommendations for perfecting the legislation directed at protection of interests of borrowers and microfinance organizations are formulated.
Correlation Between Types of Bacteria with Pathology Examination of Chorioamnion from Preterm Birth
Authors: Drisma Fita
Published: April 2019

Objective: To determine whether there is a correlation between the types of bacteria found in amniotic membrane and intrauterine infection causing preterm delivery. Method: This was an experimental study. We studied the amniotic membrane from patients undergoing spontaneous preterm delivery, both with premature rupture of membrane and intact membrane in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital and some district Hospitals around Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital that fulfill the inclusions and exclusion criterias. Experiments were performed in Prodia Laboratory and Pathology Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital. The amniotic membrane was prepared in Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI) and Formalin. The sample prepared in BHI was then transported to the laboratory and cultured for bacteria within 24 hours after the sample was taken, and the other sample prepared in formalin was made into tissue blocks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Afterwards, we counted the polymorph nuclear cells and if there were more than 4 cells in view, we concluded that there was an intrauterine infection. Result: Types of bacteria and intrauterine infection found in both groups showed a significant difference (p=0.002) between the groups with PROM and the group with intact amniotic membrane. The most bacteria found in preterm delivery with amnion membrane intact was Eschericia coli (33.3%) and Streptococcus alfa hemolytic (33.3%) in premature rupture of the membrane. Based on Rank Spearman Correlation test shows a significant (p<0.05) positive correlation between intrauterine infection with preterm delivery with amniotic membrane intact and premature rupture of the membrane. Conclusion: There is a correlation between types of bacteria invading the amniotic membrane causing intrauterine infection that initiates preterm delivery. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-2: 71-4] Keywords: amniotic membrane, bacteria, intrauterine infection, preterm delivery
Multiple Factors Affecting Length of Hospital Postpartal Care in Eclampsia Patients
Authors: Dianty Gita
Published: April 2019

Objective: To identify any factors that could cause longer care at hospitals in eclampsia patients. Methods: It was a retrospective, cross sectional study design and conducted in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from January 2005 to December 2009. This research conducted in 176 samples divided into 2 groups namely short-stay group (1-5 days) with 92 patients and longer stay group (â‰¥ 5 days) with 87 patients, with mean length of hospital stay 5.41Â±3.43 days. Results: The most common mode of delivery in the group who stayed â‰¥ 5 days was cesarean section (44.8%), while the most common delivery route in the group who stayed < 5 days was forceps extraction (43.5%). The mean thrombocytes count in the longer stay group was lower than in the short-stay group (213459.77Â±108391.81 vs 258945.65Â±92213.24 mm3), which was significantly different (p=0.003). Ureum and LDH concentration in longer stay group was higher, and statistic test was found to be significantly different (p<0.05), while renal failure complication was mostly experienced by the longer stay group (20.7%). Conclusions: Thrombocytes count, LDH, acute renal failure and ICU has significant difference and greater in postpartal eclampsia group that is longer treated. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-2: 75-80] Keywords: complication, eclampsia, length of hospital stay
ERP Sand Clock Barriers and Antecedents Model: From the Lens of Task Technology Fit Theory
Authors: Tajul Urus Sharina , Tuan Mat Tuan Zainun , Syed Mustapha Nazri Sharifah Nazatul Faiza , Mohd Fahmi Fadzlina
Published: April 2019

The deployment of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems worldwide has become an evidence of the unprecedented movement towards integration of information technologies. The importance of continuance usage during the post implementation stage should not be neglected as to secure an optimal advantages offered by ERP system, that is achieved through minimizing ERP system usage barriers. As such, successful implementation of an ERP system does not necessarily guarantee that the system will be comprehensively used or accepted by users of the system. ERP benefits can only be realised and sustained if users continue to have favourable experiences in using the system. While many previous studies have examined ERP system during the implementation phase, only a few have revealed barriers to ERP usage as well its antecedent factors during the post-implementation phase. The purpose of this paper is to determine ERP system usage barriers and unearth the root causes to the barriers. To achieve the aim, this research was guided by the ‘soft-positivism’ paradigm, a paradigm that combines elements of positivism and interpretivism. By using this paradigm, the investigator brought certain prior expectations to the data analysis which are consistent with positivist research and which also build rich explanations from the data, consistent with the interpretive assumption. Based upon the lens of Task Technology Fit theory, this study adopts a qualitative method using multiple case studies. Three Malaysian organisations that had implemented ERP were investigated by conducting 30 semi–structured interviews and reviewing archival records and documents. The interviews were guided by the research objectives. Data were analysed by using open and thematic coding.The finding indicated four major areas of ERP usage problems: system, data, and technical infrastructure and interface problems. Besides that, several antecedent factors to the problems were identified. These factors fall into four major categories: organisation, user, task and technology, and include lack of support from either external or internal expertise, lack of individual strength and limited technology affordance. The outcome of this study was encapsulated in the form of the ERP Sand Clock Barriers and Antecedents Model.The paper contributes to post-implementation ERP system literature by stressing the complex relationships between usage barriers and antecedent factors. By identifying the underlying causes of SAP usage barriers, it could become the motivating factor for individual users to undertake reflective feedback and to achieve extended use of the implemented ERP system.
Effect of Training and Development, Recruitment and Selection, and Internal Control Policy on Corruption Risk
Authors: Muhamad Hanapiyah Zulkefli , Daud Salina , Taufik Wan Abdullah Wan Mohammad , Mohd Sanusi Zuraidah
Published: April 2019

The challenging world of business on corruption issues, the organization’s need to improve the rules, regulations, policies and guidelines especially in human resource practices to develop and enhance the quality of employees in terms of ethical, behaviour and moral conduct. The objective of this study is to look at the effects of training and development, recruitment and selection, and internal control policy on corruption risk. This study involves three different organizations which are the federal government, state government and statutory bodies. The respondents involved in this study are whom that have authorities in making decisions for the organization. Stratified sampling technique was used in the selection of sample. The analysis of bootstrapping for this study represents two elements which are recruitment and selection, and internal control policy are accepted with the t-value above 1.65 respectively. However, training and development is not significant. Hence, it shows that, recruitment and selection, and internal control are two important elements that are needed to be strengthened in order to improve the quality of employees in the organization, thus bringing success to the organization as a whole. Result of this study also contributed to the body of knowledge rotten apple theory.
El cronotopo del patio en textos de cuatro autores del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Valdelamar Sarabia Lázaro
Published: April 2019

Resumen En el presente ensayo se discute en qué medida la combinación de un espacio (el patio) y una temporalidad (infancia) constituyen una imagen literaria cronotópica –en términos de Bajtin–, permitiría hablar de trazas de una tradición en una parte de la literatura del Caribe colombiano. El ensayo da cuenta de cómo el cronotopo del patio fue elaborado, formal y semánticamente, por Héctor Rojas Herazo, en Respirando el Verano, y luego analiza la manera cómo fue retomado en textos de escritores regionales posteriores: En el traspatio del cielo, de Rómulo Bustos Aguirre, Pavana del Ángel, de Roberto Burgos Cantor y Glimpses, de Mario Jursich Durán.
Abel Martínez Martín, EL LAZARETO DE BOYACÁ: LEPRA, MEDICINA, IGLESIA Y ESTADO 1869-1916.
Authors: Simancas Mendoza Estela
Published: March 2019

Desde los años noventa del siglo pasado hemos evidenciado el surgimiento de una serie de estudios sobre historia de la salud y de la medicina, que han renovado la historiográfica colombiana con novedosas perspectivas, tales como; la historia de las ciencias, de las enfermedades, de la formación médica, de la medicalización, es decir, de la acción del médico sobre la salud, de las instituciones de salud, así como de la formación de la higiene y de la salud pública. Cuyos estudios han privilegiando los siglos XVIII, XIX y XX como marcos temporales, especialmente desde finales del siglo XIX hasta mediados del siglo XX para analizar las ventajas que experimentó el sector salud con la inserción del país a la economía internacional, que se reflejarían en este sector en la tendencia a modernizar la teoría y la práctica profesionales de la medicina y el mejoramiento de las condiciones sanitarias e instituciones de salud para evitar efectos nocivos sobre la calidad de vida y la productividad de la fuerza de trabajo.
SEPTIEMBRE DE 1810 RECOMPONER EL PACTO, FORMAR ¿QUÉ NACIÓN?
Authors: Terán Fuentes Mariana
Published: March 2019

El ensayo centra la atención en la dimensión política de la crisis de la monarquía española de 1808 que tuvo, en su recomposición, dos vías de manifestación: las guerras de insurgencia y la reunión de los diputados en el Puerto de Cádiz. Para el caso del virreinato de la Nueva España las dos vías coincidieron en sus inicios en septiembre de 1810. De su confluencia se fueron definiendo los principales parámetros de los elementos rectores de las nuevas naciones.
DISCURSOS DE DOMINACIÓN, IDENTIDAD, CONTEXTO Y REPRESENTACIÓN DE LIBERALES Y CONSERVADORES DURANTE LA GUERRA DE LOS MIL DÍAS EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE BOLÍVAR (COLOMBIA), (1899-1902)
Authors: Pérez Adolfo
Published: March 2019

Centrandome en el periodo histórico de la Guerra de los Mil Días en el Departamento de Bolívar, intento ver si se puede hablar del discurso político de ambos partidos como factor de movilización de los sectores populares u otros sectores de la sociedad hacia los campos de batalla y en que forma se puede hablar de ello. Lo que intento demostrar es que tanto liberales como conservadores a partir de la construcción simbólica de una “representación persuasiva de la amenaza”, crearon una atmosfera social partidista que advertía a un grupo especifico y amplio de destinatarios, sobre el peligro que corría la nación a causa de la guerra, por un enemigo común y plenamente identificado, al tiempo que insinuaba generar movilización sobre la base de argumentos negativos del otro.
Joao Jose Reis, Flavio dos Santos Gomes y Marcus J.M de Carvalho, El alufá Rufino: tráfico, esclavitud, y libertad en el Atlántico negro (1822-c.1853)
Authors: Salas Olivera Kenneth
Published: March 2019

La microhistoria sin duda alguna ha sido uno de los mejores aportes que se le ha hecho a la disciplina de la Historia en el siglo pasado. Esto sin duda alguna es gracias a la innovación que se da en Europa, específicamente en Italia, en la metodología a la hora de hacer, escribir y reconstruir el pasado. América latina no se ha quedado atrás, hemos comenzado a presenciar un tipo de producción de este tipo, donde se ha amoldado a nuestras particularidades y procesos históricos, como es el caso de la esclavitud.
El régimen laboral de los artesanos en Mérida, Venezuela: Sistemas y condiciones de trabajo (siglos XVI-XVII)
Authors: Ramírez Méndez Luis Alberto
Published: March 2019

En la presente investigación se analizan las relaciones laborales en lo concerniente a las condiciones de trabajo, remuneración y capacitación del trabajo artesanal en Mérida durante los dos primeros siglos coloniales, las cuales se desarrollaron en el marco de cuatro sistemas de trabajo específicamente la encomienda, el concierto artesanal tanto de obra como de servicio, los asientos de aprendizaje y la esclavitud, los que posibilitaron el proceso de producción y obtener artesanías, lo cual reviste de especial importancia porque durante ese período se conformaron las bases de este tipo de relaciones laborales que aún se desarrollan en Latinoamérica. El trabajo muestra las formas de articulación del proceso productivo artesanal y los marcos de coerción legal, extralegal, y familiar a los que fueron sometidos los artesanos. La investigación se asienta sobre la información documental inédita y publicada que reposa en los archivos nacionales y extranjeros.
Venezuela: entre la Ilustración y la revolución
Authors: Laviña Javier
Published: March 2019

La Revolución francesa alteró las relaciones sociales en Europa dando el poder a la burguesía, clase emergente que logró cercenar los privilegios de la aristocracia. Pero al atravesar el Atlántico y recalar en las costas de Venezuela, los lemas, Libertad, Igualdad y Fraternidad alcanzaron un nuevo significado ya que alteraban el modelo productivo impuesto por los colonizadores basado en el trabajo esclavo. Para atajar el posible contagio las autoridades coloniales llevaron a cabo una política de represión que afectó tanto a seguidores de la revolución como a grupos de población sobre los que cayó la sospecha de ser partidarios del nuevo orden especialmente los pardos libres a los que vieron con nuevos ojos tanto los colonos como las autoridades.
Educación, Patria y progreso: las escuelas de primeras letras en el Caribe colombiano, 1820-1828
Authors: Pita Pico Roger
Published: March 2019

Este artículo analiza la fase de implementación de las escuelas primarias en la costa Caribe colombiana a partir del impulso dado por las leyes y decretos dictados en 1820 y 1821. Se intenta demostrar cómo, frente a los fracasos y disputas experimentadas durante la Primera República Federativa, el gobierno central buscó hacer presencia y ganar legitimidad a nivel regional a través de estrategias como el fomento de las escuelas primarias, instituciones consideradas como vitales para el progreso y el proceso de recuperación económica. Para alcanzar esa meta, el ejecutivo nacional cedió algunas responsabilidades a las autoridades locales pero manteniendo el control y la vigilancia. Estos establecimientos educativos se convirtieron también en escenarios a través de los cuales se buscó inculcar los principios republicanos y patrióticos con miras a mantener la unidad y estabilidad del sistema político. No obstante, este proyecto encontró en el ámbito regional de la costa Caribe varios obstáculos, tales como: la crisis fiscal y económica, el efecto destructor de la guerra y el débil aparato administrativo a lo cual había que sumarle las limitadas oportunidades de inclusión para algunos sectores de la sociedad.
Imaginario político colonial: las castas, una lectura para los registros parroquiales, matrículas y padrones de “Chile” (1680-1835).
Authors: Araya Espinoza Alejandra
Published: March 2019

La historia social en la década de 1960 “redescubrió” los materiales predilectos de los genealogistas: registros parroquiales y “censales”. Desde la década de 1990 esta documentación ha sido central para estudiar la sociedad colonial respecto de lo que se ha llamado “configuración socio-racial” o “clasificaciones socio-étnicas”. En este trabajo se los comprende como prácticas coloniales, es decir, de reescritura sobre realidades pre-existentes y conformación y consolidación, en el acto de registrar, de una realidad nueva, desde el campo de la historia de las mentalidades comprendiendo la práctica de denominar, rotular y clasificar como formas de construcción de conocimiento, esquemas de representación e imaginarios políticos.
Distintos puntos de vista acerca de las familias y los hogares en los padrones de población de la Capitanía de São Paulo, Brasil (1765-1836).
Authors: Prado Bacellar Carlos De Almeida
Published: March 2019

La Corona portuguesa estableció una política de encuestas periódicas a los habitantes de la Capitanía de São Paulo desde 1765, a través de la preparación de padrones anuales de población. Dicha capitanía, una región económicamente periférica, pero militarmente estratégica para los intereses de la metrópoli, fue la única del Imperio portugués que tuvo un sistemático seguimiento estadístico durante mucho tiempo. Las condiciones para la elaboración de estos censos fueron variables a lo largo de los años, no solamente debido a las constantes modificaciones implementadas desde Lisboa, sino también por las dificultades en el trabajo exigido a una gran variedad de oficiales de milicias sin entrenamiento para una tarea de tal envergadura. Un gran volumen de información se recabó con éxito extraordinario para esta población; pero los problemas de fiabilidad subyacentes en estas fuentes son inevitables. En este artículo se analiza la calidad y la confiabilidad de la información ofrecida por esta extensa serie documental, procurando identificar sus deficiencias e incongruencias.
“Descripción geografica militar y política de la provincia de Cartagena de Indias [1805]”, por el ingeniero militar Manuel de Anguiano.
Authors: Puello Suárez Senén , Castillo Velasco Jandhy
Published: March 2019

Transcripción y Presentación:Senén Puello y Jandhy CastilloEstudiantes Programa de Historia, Universidad de Cartagena, ColombiaDesde 1804 la Corona española veía venir una nueva guerra con Inglaterra. Al igual que las anteriores de finales del siglo XVIII sería una confrontación naval que tendría por principal escenario el Mar Caribe.