bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Исследования А.А. Смирнова по истории отечественной психологии и исторической психологии
Authors: Серова О.Е.
Published: October 2020

В статье отражены результаты анализа публикаций А.А. Смирнова, выполненных в историческом ракурсе. Выявлены два направления этих исследований – история психологии и историческая психология, а также характеристики методологического дизайна работ, выполненных в этом контексте. Описаны ключевые моменты специфики историко-психологических исследований ученого: сочетание беспристрастной констатации и личного отношения к историческому событию как интегративный методологический фактор психолого-реконструктивного вектора целостного воссоздания исторической динамики психологического содержания, соотносимого с протяженным временным периодом. Показано, что в аспекте исторической психологии введение конкретных пространственно-временных рамок позволило исследователю очертить на общем векторе исторического развития отечественной психологии определенное событийно-информационное поле как объект научного поиска и акцентировать в качестве предмета изучения целостность психологического содержания конкретного исторического момента. Определено соотношение исследований по исторической психологии и истории психологии.
KONTRIBUSI PHOTOVOLTAIC PADA BANGUNAN “CARBON NEUTRAL” DALAM PENGURANGAN EMISI CO₂
Authors: Tsamara Vonny , Chona’ah Rizki
Published: October 2020

The formation process of a building from the construction phase up to the use of building require much energy. It triggers the happening of global warming. Although the concept of building sustainability applies from now on, but the effect is considerably less, because it doesn’t concern the energy used that consumes on the construction phase. This scientific article is about the effort of reducing the carbon footprint through the concept of carbon neutral that allows the carbon consumption of building returns to zero point by the CO₂ emission reduction in electrical energy consumption. The method is summative evaluation on the architectural work of The Glaxo Smith Kline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry at Nottingham University to reviewing the electrical energy consumption from the construction phase to the use of the building. The result of this method is proving the building that use photovoltaic technology, which change the sunlight into electrical energy contributes 60,2% of the total electrical energy needs on the effort of CO₂ emission reduction through the systems which the excess energies produced are as carbon credits for “paying back” the carbon used during the construction phase. Through this building, human, nature and technology can walk in harmony without being second-numbered.
COVID-19 Australia: Epidemiology Report 27: Fortnightly reporting period ending 11 October 2020
Authors:   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: October 2020

Nationally, there was a continuing downward trend in notifications of COVID-19. The daily average number of cases for this reporting period was 14 compared to an average of 23 cases per day in the previous fortnight. There were 192 cases of COVID-19 and no deaths this fortnight, bringing the cumulative case count to 27,344 and 892 deaths. While the majority of cases in this reporting period were from Victoria (60%; 116/192), this represents a continued decrease in cases in this state resulting from the public health interventions. During this fortnight, 66% of all cases (127/192) were reported as locally acquired, with the majority reported from Victoria (108/127). The highest proportion of overseas-acquired cases were reported in New South Wales (75%; 38/51), followed by Western Australia (22%; 11/51). Although testing rates declined, they remain high at 9.2 tests per week per 1,000 persons. There was variability in the testing rate by jurisdiction, with testing rates depending on the epidemic context. The overall positivity rate for the reporting period was 0.05%, with Victoria reporting a positivity rate of 0.08% for this reporting period. In all other jurisdictions the positivity rate was ≤ 0.06%.
The Contribution Of Kiai Munawwar Adnan Kholil Gresik On Islamic Education
Authors: Ma'arif Muhammad Anas , Nabila Nur Silva
Published: October 2020

Pesantren as an indigenous culture is able to create unique traditions and works. The creation of a pesantren is caused by the persistence of its founder, the Kiai. The pesantren will remain an educational reference if the pesantren system and management are well managed. The importance of conducting narrative research from Kiai Munawwar is because of his expertise in managing education and creating works in many fields of science. And this has not been much written about the Kiai Munawwar. This study uses philosophical historical research by narrating the characters, works, and biography and analyzing their contribution to Islamic education. This research resulted in: 1) Kiai Munawwar made a maximum contribution in Gresik through formal, non-formal education and life skills education for his students. 2) the works that have been written can be used as a pesantren education curriculum 3) life skill education as a means of (khidmah) in the pesantren. 4) The aim of pesantren education is by forming ulama and, generous tycoons 5) Educational methods by telling stories (history). Recommendation: Future research can examine Kiai Munawwar's works from various perspectives or in-depth biographical research.
Pemikiran Mohammad Hatta Tentang Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Utomo Ilham Nur , Wijayanti Dwi
Published: October 2020

This paper analyzes Mohammad Hatta's idea of modern Islamic education. Mohammad Hatta is not only known as a national figure and the first Indonesian vice president, but also a faithful, active individual in the field of Islamic education. He also expresses his idea regarding Islamic education in papers. Islamic education discourse still emerges as an important discussion topic today. This paper is the result of a qualitative study with literature review. The study aimed to discover Mohammad Hattaâ€™s idea of modern Islamic education, which still emerges as a problem in today's Indonesian Islamic education. In this case, it is necessary to provide a representative, modern Islamic education in order to deliver ideal Muslim scholars. The study found that the construct of Mohammad Hattaâ€™s idea on modern Islamic education was to create coherence between religion and modern science, comprising sociology, history, and philosophy. Such an idea is not merely an abstract, it was applied through the establishment of Sekolah Tinggi Islam (Islamic College) in 1945 as a modern Islamic higher education.
AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF HEART RATE IN THE YAKUT STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS
Authors: Stepanova G. K. , Ustinova M. V.
Published: October 2020

The aim was to study autonomic regulation of the heart in the Yakut students with various psychophysiological characteristics. Methods: A comparative analysis of the temporal and spectral parameters of heart rate variability was performed in 46 male Yakut students aged 18-21 years characterized by different levels of extra-introversion, neuroticism and trait anxiety. Results: The Yakut young men showed a high proportion of ambiverts (58.7 %) and a low proportion of students with neuroticism (56.5 %). Altogether, 67.4 % of students had high level of trait anxiety. Among the subjects with a low level of neuroticism, significantly lower values of heart rate and stress index were observed in introverts vs. extroverts. Significant differences in heart rate parameters were found between students with high- and medium- levels anxiety. The former have higher values of Mo, variation range (VR), SDNN, RMSSD than the latter. However, subjects with a very high level of trait anxiety (> 55 points), have significantly lower parameters of VR, SDNN, RMSSD, HF, LF compared with students with high levels of anxiety. Conclusions: The state of heart's regulatory systems of the students varies depending on the individual psychophysiological qualities. The most adapted to the environment are introverts with low neuroticism and introverts with high level of trait anxiety. A risk group includes extraverts with very high trait anxiety. A new limit of trait anxiety level was suggested (>54 points). Higher level of anxiety leads to stress which in turn may lead to breakdown of adaptive mechanisms.
UNEXPECTED REPRODUCTIVE EFFECT OF PROLONGED ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES IN LABORATORY MICE
Authors: Zinicovscaia I. , Ivlieva A. L. , Petritskaya E. N. , Rogatkin D. A.
Published: October 2020

Nanoparticles overcome biological barriers, therefore, their mother-to-offspring transmission through the placental barrier or during lactation may have deleterious effects on development and survival of the offspring. The aim of the study was to assess exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNP) during pregnancy and lactation on cognitive impairments in the offspring in mice. This short report present unexpected findings on the effect of AgNP on fertility. Methods. Mice in the experimental group were received a solution of AgNP at concentration of 25 μg/ml in drinking water from one week before mating until the end of lactation. Mice in the control group drank clean water during the same period. The silver content in mice organs and tissues was assessed by the neutron activation analysis. The experiment to count the offspring was repeated twice. Results. In both experiments an unexpected effect was observed: in the experimental group the birth rate was approximately twice as high as in the control group. In the first experiment, 117 pups were born in the experimental group vs. 62 in the control group. The average number of pups per mouse was 4.68 (95 % CI: 3.875.61) in the experimental group and 2.48 (95 % CI: 1.9-3.18) in the control group, p < 0.001. In the second experiment there were 29 vs. 17 pups, or 5.8 (95 % CI: 3.8-8.33) and 3.4 (95 % CI: 1.98-5.44) pups per mouse, respectively, p = 0.077. In the samples of organs and tissues of the experimental mice and pups, the average silver content was 3.77 ± 2.03 and 4.13 ± 1.52 μg/g (p = 0.369), respectively. In the control group, the silver content in the samples of females and offspring did not exceed the background level of 0.05 ± 0.04 μg/g (p < 0.001). No difference in survival of the offspring was observed. Conclusions: We found a significant reproductive effect of silver nanoparticles in laboratory mice. These findings need replication in other studies. Further research on reproductive effects of silver nanoparticles is warranted.
CONSTANT POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION IN PATIENTS WITH VIBRATION DISEASE COMBINED WITH METABOLIC DISORDERS
Authors: Shevchenko O. I. , Lakhman O. L.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study was to assess constant potential levels (CP level) in patients with vibration disease (VD) in combination with metabolic disorders. Methods. Measurements were taken in three gorups: Group I (n = 94) - patients with VD, Group II (n = 42) - patients with VD and metabolic syndrome (MS), Group III (n = 31) - patients with VD and Type 2 diabetes (DM2), Group IV (n = 14) - patients with DM2 and V (n = 50) - reference group. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney tests and discriminant analysis. Results. In groups I-IV, the percentage of individuals with altered neuroenergetic activity was higher than in the experimental group (p = 0.001; 0.003; 0.01; 0.009, respectively). CP level in group I prevailed in the central, in group II - in the left central, right temporal, in group III - in the left central, central, in group IV - in the right frontal, central, and left parietal leads when compared with group V at p < 0.01. CP level decrease in the anterior cortex (frontal, temporal: 16.6 (15-18) mV, 14.7 (12-17) mV, 17.6 (16-20) mV respectively), and its amplification in the posterior (Central, parietal: 20.4 (16-25) mV, 18.2 (14-20) mV, 23.3 (17-28) mV respectively) at p < 0.01 was diagnosed in patients of groups II-IV. As a result of discriminative analysis, two signs were identified in groups I and III: the values of CP level indicators in the left temporal and right central leads. Conclusions. Disorders of neuroenergy exchange in patients with VD in combination with MS and DM2 are manifested by an increase in CP level in the centrotemporal areas, with DM2- in the frontal-central-parietal areas. The signs of neuroenergetic mapping in patients with VD, associated with the fact of DM2 presence as a concomitant pathology are: an increase in the CP level in the right central and its decrease in the left temporal leads.
POLYMORPHISM OF AGT, AGT2R1 AND NOS3 GENES AS A RISK FACTOR FOR IMBALANCE IN VASOACTIVE FACTORS
Authors: Bebyakova N. A. , Pervukhina O. A. , Fadeeva N. A. , Khromova A. V.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study was to identify associations between allelic variants of AGT, AGT2R1 and NOS3 genes with production of endo-thelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in young residents of the Russian North without a history of cardiovascular diseases. Methods. The sample consisted of 286 young adults (116 females and 170 males) born in the Arkhangelsk region. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AGT, AGT2R1 and NOS3 genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plasma NO oxide and ET-1 levels were measured. Results. T704C polymorphism in AGT gene was not associated with the studied vasoactive endothelial factors. However, vasoactive factors production in homozygotes with mutant T/T alleles of C521T polymorphism in the same gene is shifted towards vasoconstrictive factors. The level of ET-1 in the group with T/T genotype was higher than in the groups with C/T and C/C genotypes (p = 0.006 and p = 0.04, respectively). Homozygotes with mutant C alleles of AGT2R1 gene had higher concentration of ET-1 as compared to homozygotes with wild-type A alleles (p = 0.012). Young men with 786 C/C of NOS3 gene had higher plasma concentration of ET-1 than individuals with C/T (p = 0.01) and T/T (p = 0.07). ET-1 was higher in the group of girls homozygotes with mutant C alleles, however no statistically significant differences were found. Conclusions. Our results suggest that the risk of imbalance in vasoactive factors in young healthy residents of the Russian North is associated with the increase in ET-1 production level, but not with NO level. The presence of 521 T/T genotype in AGT gene, 1666C/C in AGT2R1 gene and -786C/C in NOS3 gene increases the risk of vasoactive factors imbalance development towards vasoconstriction.
MULTIPLE COMPARISONS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SOLUTIONS
Authors: Narkevich A. N. , Vinogradov K. A. , Grjibovski A. M.
Published: October 2020

One of the most common but rarely discussed problems in Russian biomedical research is a problem of multiple comparisons. When a researcher performs pairwise comparisons of means in several groups the number of tested ststistical hypotheses increases leading to inflation of the alpha-error. In international scientific literature this issue is well-described and several solutions are offered. The aim of this article is to describe the problem of alpha error inflation and present methods for solving the problem of multiple comparisons. The methods suggested in this paper can be applied at the stages of research planning, data analysis and interpretation of the results. Bonferroni, Sidak, Holm-Bonferroni, Holm-Sidak and the Benjamin-Hochberg methods are described in details. We also present user-friendly examples for manual calculations as well as a description of implementation of the suggested solutions using SPSS software.
Android-Based Augmented Reality in Education Activity for Children
Authors: Febrina Suci , Rusdiana Lili , Rosmiati Rosmiati
Published: October 2020

Augmented reality technology has been widely developed and implemented in an Android-based smartphone application. This technology can be used for entertainment and education. Unfortunately, the use of education is still rare. This paper proposes an android application to introduce the types of land transportation based on augmented reality technology which is visualized in 3-dimensional (3D) form for education as well as entertainment. There are seven land transportation modes that are presented range from two wheels to four wheels, i.e. cars, ambulances, buses, motorbikes, taxis, trucks, and bicycles. Alpha testing has been carried out and shows the results that the application runs well following the expected function. This application can be delivered to the public, especially for the online learning of children in a pandemic situation. In addition, it helps parents to introduce several land transportation modes. With a 3D view, the introduction of types of land transportation is more interactive and realistic.

Keywords: android, application, augmented reality, transportation
Sleep and professional sports: mutual influence, problems and methods of their correction (literature review)
Authors: Korabelnikova E. A.
Published: October 2020

Professional sport belongs to those types of activities that are accompanied by high energy costs and requires more than a person needs on average, the amount of sleep. Sleep of professional athletes is important for restoring the brain’s energy expenditure, as well as for the normal functioning of memory and attention, and, consequently, for achieving high sports results. The article analyzes the literature devoted to the study of the role of sleep for athletes, scientific information about the representation, nature and consequences of its violations, summarizes and structures data related to the strategy for optimizing sleep in this population group.
Features of magnetic resonance imaging of brain and their correlation with neuropsychological profile in men and women of senile age with chronic brain ischemia
Authors: Abramova V. N. , Slyusar Т. A.
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study. To study changes in the substance of the brain according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their correlation with the neuropsychological profile in men and women of senile age with chronic cerebral ischemia.

Materials and methods. We examined 57 patients with chronic cerebral ischemia of stages 2 and 3, aged from 75 to 93 years. The patients were divided into two groups: group one of men (n = 25), group two of women (n = 32). MRI performed on a GE Medical Systems tomography with 1.5 Tl strength. Investigated the quantitative indicators of MR tomograms in the Ax T2 Flair Propeller mode. Neuropsychological profile was assessed from Mini Mental State Examination, frontal assessment battery– from FAB, clock-drawing test.

Results. Comparison of neuroimaging data with cognitive tests reveals the relationship between the severity of cerebral atrophy, leukoaraiosis and cognitive dysfunction. This data must be taken into account when planning treatment and rehabilitation tactics.
DOMESTIC HIGH-PRECISE GNSS RECEIVERS
Authors: Shevchuk Stanislav O. , Petrov Konstantin V. , Cheremisina Elena S.
Published: October 2020

In the article an overview of GNSS receivers produced in Russian Federation is given. The problem of determining the manufacturer’s country is considered with the analysis of Russian domestic GNSS-receivers market. The main conclusion about small number of domestic manufactured devices with Russian-made technical elemental-base is made. Also the analysis of the technical specifications of the receivers led to the conclusion about the low-level of the domestic receivers performance if compared with foreign ones. Other problems of domestic-made devices are considered including the high prices, low competition, focus on the special consumer and also insufficient number of those devices in the market. The next-generation receiver announced last years must solve or minimize all those problems and bring the domestic GNSS-devices market to the new level of quality. The main conclusion about optimistic trend of Russian high-precise domestic GNSS-receivers market is made.
INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF NAVIGATION MAINTANANCE OF AERIAL GEOPHYSICS
Authors: Shevchuk Stanislav O. , Barsukov Sergey V.
Published: October 2020

New features of navigation complex RouteNav created with the authors’ collaboration are considered. The feature of partly-done routes allows optimizing survey of routes and fulfill them by parts with returns if it is necessary. The feature of direction-control excludes the problems with the flight direction changes to wrong during the route tracing. Also the flight-project utilities are improved with new special features, such as automatic generation of calibration routes (for compensation of magnetometer deviations) and cloning of compound routes allows, which is to increase automation level of flight planning. Implementation of these features is considered in the article. The provided capabilities of RouteNav can be considered as a competitive advantage over the devices and complexes used for similar purpose in aerial geophysics. Increasing efficiency of navigation is reached because of user-friendly interface, which allows the pilot to trace the routes by oneself, and also because of flight optimization and control capabilities and flight-planning features.
USE OF DISTRIBUTED DBMS FOR SPATIAL DATA PROCESSING
Authors: Kolesnikov Aleksey A. , Komissarova Elena V. , Zhdanov Ivan V.
Published: October 2020

Currently, data volumes are growing exponentially. Geospatial data is one of the main elements of the concept of Big data. There is a very large number of tools for analyzing Big data, but not all of them take into account the features and have the ability to process geospatial data. The article discusses three popular open analytical tools Hadoop Spatial, GeoSpark, GeoFlink for working with geospatial data of very large volumes. Their architectures, advantages and disadvantages, depending on the execution time and the amount of data used are considered. Processing evaluations were also performed in terms of both streaming and packet data. The experiments were carried out on raster and vector data sets, which are satellite imagery in the visible range, NDVI and NDWI indices, climate indicators (snow cover, precipitation intensity, surface temperature), data from the Open Street Map in the Novosibirsk and Irkutsk Regions.
TO THE ISSUC OF CREATION AND USE OF A MAPPING GIS-APPLICATION FOR A OMBUDSMAN
Authors: Kasyanova Elena L. , Cherkas Maxim V.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the create onof a cartographic GIS application for the Commissioners for Human Rights (Ombudsmen) in the region. The authors analyzed official websites of the Commissioners for Rights: human, child, entrepreneurs, etc., in which there is no cartographic GIS application that clearly reveals the activities of the Commissioners. A large amount of information that ombudsmen use in their work can be visually displayed using thematic maps, in their annual reports on their activities to various government agencies, ombudsmen illustrate with graphs and charts. All these data is tied to specific geographic features, so there is a need to present this information on maps using classic cartographic methods (cartograms, cartodiagrams, high-quality background, etc.).
COMPUTER MODEL OF INTERFERENCE PICTURES OF THE NEWTON RINGS
Authors: Korneyev Vladimir S. , Reichert Valery A.
Published: October 2020

Examples of computer processing images of interference patterns (Newton rings) obtained by digital video camera are considered. The sequence of computer processing of the obtained images of interference patterns is described and the possibility of comparing them with a theoretical model of the intensity distribution, for which an interpolation formula is proposed, is shown. To compare the distributions, a software product was developed, a series of so-called «sliders», each of which changes one of the parameters of the interpolation formula. By changing the position of the «sliders», it is possible to approximate the parameters of the theoretical model to the distribution of the radiation intensity in a real interference pattern. Computer processing of images obtained by a digital video camera can be used in subsequent courses in the study of special disciplines, when performing research work, in processing measurement results and constructing models of physical phenomena.
FRAGMENT SELECTION METHOD FOR BINDING MULTI-CHANNEL IMAGES
Authors: Borisova Irina V. , Gibin Igor S. , Legkiy Vladimir N.
Published: October 2020

The method of selecting reference fragments for coordinate matching of images from different observation channels, including images from different spectral ranges, is considered. The proposed method is based on calculating the Fourier spectrum in the local vicinity of fragment points and analyzing the anisotropy of the spectrum. Image fragments with the maximum summary anisotropy value are assigned as reference fragments. The procedure is performed automatically and does not require entering threshold values. A reference fragment is detected by searching for the extremum of the target function. It is shown that the error of image coordinate binding depends on the total value of the anisotropy of reference fragments.
ON THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS ON THE QUALITY OF WORK
Authors: Shaburova Aelita V. , Samolyk Tamara A.
Published: October 2020

The article considers the relationship between technological innovations and labor quality. Labor quality is an integral characteristic of the degree of compliance of labor results with normative values. The main indicator of labor quality is productivity. Analysis of statistical data shows that labor productivity in Russia is quite low. Introduction of technological innovations in production will increase this indicator. Therefore, it will have a positive impact on the quality of work.
MEASURING INSTALLATION FOR DETERMINING CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPOSITE SUPERCONDUCTORS IN THE PRODUCTION OF CRYOGENIC TECHNIQUE
Authors: Brodnikov Alexander F.
Published: October 2020

The method and measuring installation for determining the actual critical current values in superconductors, at helium temperatures, coming to the market from domestic and foreign manufacturers of composite wire, round or rectangular section, based on the Nb-Ti alloy, are considered.
AUTOMATED METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF VISING SYSTEMS
Authors: Hayrapetyan Valerik S. , Butrimov Ivan S. , Toporkov Alexey A.
Published: October 2020

The article describes a method for monitoring characteristics associated with determining the position of the line of sight. A feature of the method is the use of an optoelectronic stand, which provides fixation of the image of the target mark of the controlled system in the return path of the beams. The possibility of carrying out measurements in an automated mode is shown, which ensures efficiency and high accuracy of measurements without the influence of the operator's personal error on the measurement result.
DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF EXPLOSIVES BY DIFFERENTIAL ABSORPTION AND SCATTERING BASED ON IR-OPO
Authors: Hayrapetyan Valerik S. , Makeev Alexander V.
Published: October 2020

An IR-OPO ring resonator circuit for remote detection and identification of explosives by differential absorption and scattering is proposed. Computational studies on the remote identification of the spectroscopic parameters of some explosives (TNT) were carried out.
MODELING OF QUADRATURE AND SYNCHASE-ANTI-PHASE MICROWAVE POWER DIVIDERS
Authors: Aubakirov Konstantin Ya. , Vershenya Ilya V. , Zhukova Anna E.
Published: October 2020

The paper proposes a methodology for designing bridge devices designed for dividing and summing power in the microwave range.
Together Apart: The Mitigating Role of Digital Communication Technologies on Negative Affect During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy
Authors: Gabbiadini Alessandro , Baldissarri Cristina , Durante Federica , Valtorta Roberta Rosa , De Rosa Maria , Gallucci Marcello
Published: October 2020

The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has forced governments to impose a lockdown, and many people have suddenly found themselves having to reduce their social relations drastically. Given the exceptional nature of similar situations, only a few studies have investigated the negative psychological effects of forced social isolation and how they can be mitigated in a real context. In the present study, we investigated whether the amount of digital communication technology use for virtual meetings (i.e., voice and video calls, online board games and multiplayer video games, or watching movies in party mode) during the lockdown promoted the perception of social support, which in itself mitigated the psychological effects of the lockdown in Italy. Data were collected in March 2020 (N = 465), during the lockdown imposed to reduce the COVID-19 spread. The results indicated that the amount of digital technology use reduced feelings of loneliness, anger/irritability, and boredom and increased belongingness via the perception of social support. The present study supported the positive role of digital technologies in maintaining meaningful social relationships even during an extreme situation such as a lockdown. Implications such as the need to reduce the digital divide and possible consequences of the ongoing pandemic are discussed.
Cooling Shock for Bottled Wine. How Dramatic Is This before Tasting?
Authors: Tarasov Andrii , Wagenitz Jens , Pfeifer Wolfgang , Schuessler Christoph , Jung Rainer
Published: October 2020

Adjusting the wine temperature is a routine procedure before opening a wine bottle. In many situations wine requires quick cooling, which occasionally raises disturbing questions among consumers and wine professionals. In particular, there are certain concerns that too rapid cooling of wine for some reasons may negatively affect its sensory characteristics and compromise the wine evaluation. To scientifically confirm of disprove this myth, we conducted a sensory analysis of six wines, cooled slowly in a refrigerator and quickly in an ice–water–salt mixture. Two sparkling wines, two white, and two red still wines with different aroma profiles were included in the research. Results of the triangle tests and 3-AFC tests demonstrated no perceivable differences between the quickly and slowly cooled wine samples. These outcomes may be useful for scientists, who perform wine sensory evaluations, as well as wine producers, experts, and the foodservice industry in general.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of M-MSCs in DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Mice
Authors: Ryu Bokyeong , Baek Jieun , Kim Hana , Lee Ji-Heon , Kim Jin , Jeong Young-Hoon , Lee Seul-Gi , Kang Kyu-Ree , Oh Min-Seok , Kim Eun-Young , Kim C-Yoon , Chung Hyung
Published: October 2020

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease caused by an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cells. AD patients suffer from pruritus, excessive dryness, red or inflamed skin, and complications such as sleep disturbances and depression. Although there are currently many AD treatments available there are insufficient data on their long-term stability and comparative effects. Moreover, they have limitations due to various side effects. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (M-MSCs) might have potential for next-generation AD therapies. MSCs are capable of immune function regulation and local inflammatory response inhibition. M-MSCs, derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC), additionally have a stable supply. In L507 antibody array, M-MSCs generally showed similar tendencies to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), although the immunoregulatory function of M-MSCs seemed to be superior to BM-MSCs. Based on the characteristics of M-MSCs on immunoregulatory functions, we tested a M-MSC conditioned media concentrate (MCMC) in mice with AD lesions on their dorsal skin. MCMC significantly decreased RNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the mouse dorsal skin. It also suppressed serum IgE levels. In addition, significant histopathologic alleviation was identified. In conclusion, secretions of M-MSCs have the potential to effectively improve AD-related inflammatory lesions. M-MSCs showed potential for use in next-generation AD treatment.
Application of 3D Bioprinting Technologies to the Management and Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Tan Chew Teng , Liang Kun , Ngo Zong Heng , Dube Christabel Thembela , Lim Chin Yan
Published: October 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with increasing prevalence worldwide. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a serious complication of DM. It is estimated that 15–25% of DM patients develop DFU at least once in their lifetime. The lack of effective wound dressings and targeted therapy for DFUs often results in prolonged hospitalization and amputations. As the incidence of DM is projected to rise, the demand for specialized DFU wound management will continue to increase. Hence, it is of great interest to improve and develop effective DFU-specific wound dressings and therapies. In the last decade, 3D bioprinting technology has made a great contribution to the healthcare sector, with the development of personalized prosthetics, implants, and bioengineered tissues. In this review, we discuss the challenges faced in DFU wound management and how 3D bioprinting technology can be applied to advance current treatment methods, such as biomanufacturing of composite 3D human skin substitutes for skin grafting and the development of DFU-appropriate wound dressings. Future co-development of 3D bioprinting technologies with novel treatment approaches to mitigate DFU-specific pathophysiological challenges will be key to limiting the healthcare burden associated with the increasing prevalence of DM.
Treatment with Luteolin Improves Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Periodontal Diseases in Rats
Authors: Casili Giovanna , Ardizzone Alessio , Lanza Marika , Gugliandolo Enrico , Portelli Marco , Militi Angela , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Esposito Emanuela , Paterniti Irene
Published: October 2020

Periodontitis is a dental disease that produces the progressive destruction of the bone surrounding the tooth. Especially, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is involved in the deterioration of the alveolar bone, inducing the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, which cause periodontal tissue inflammation. Luteolin (Lut), a molecule of natural origin present in a large variety of fruits and vegetables, possess beneficial properties for human health. On this basis, we investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of Lut in a model of periodontitis induced by LPS in rats. Animal model predicted a single intragingival injection of LPS (10 μg/μL) derived from Salmonella typhimurium. Lut administration, was performed daily at different doses (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, orally), starting from 1 h after the injection of LPS. After 14 days, the animals were sacrificed, and their gums were processed for biochemical analysis and histological examinations. Results showed that Lut (30 and 100 mg/kg) was equally able to reduce alveolar bone loss, tissue damage, and neutrophilic infiltration. Moreover, Lut treatment reduced the concentration of collagen fibers, mast cells degranulation, and NF-κB activation, as well as the presence of pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines. Therefore, Lut implementation could represent valid support in the pharmacological strategy for periodontitis, thus improving the well-being of the oral cavity.
Nrf2 Lowers the Risk of Lung Injury via Modulating the Airway Innate Immune Response Induced by Diesel Exhaust in Mice
Authors: Li Ying-Ji , Shimizu Takako , Shinkai Yusuke , Ihara Tomomi , Sugamata Masao , Kato Katsuhito , Kobayashi Maiko , Hirata Yukiyo , Inagaki Hirofumi , Uzuki Makoto , Akimoto Toshio , Umezawa Masakazu , Takeda Ken , Azuma Arata , Yamamoto Masayuki , Kawada Tomoyuki
Published: October 2020

In the present study, we investigated the role of Nrf2 in airway immune responses induced by diesel exhaust (DE) inhalation in mice. C57BL/6J Nrf2+/+ and Nrf2−/− mice were exposed to DE or clean air for 8 h/day and 6 days/week for 4 weeks. After DE exposure, the number of neutrophils and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and interleukin (IL)-17 level in the lung tissue increased in Nrf2−/− mice compared with Nrf2+/+ mice; however, the lack of an increase in the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the lung tissue in Nrf2+/+ mice and mild suppression of the level of TNF-α in Nrf2−/− mice were observed; the level of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the lung tissue decreased in Nrf2−/− mice than in Nrf2+/+ mice; the number of DE particle-laden alveolar macrophages in BALF were larger in Nrf2−/− mice than in Nrf2+/+ mice. The results of electron microscope observations showed alveolar type II cell injury and degeneration of the lamellar body after DE exposure in Nrf2−/− mice. Antioxidant enzyme NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase (NQO)1 mRNA expression level was higher in Nrf2+/+ mice than in Nrf2−/− mice after DE exposure. Our results suggested that Nrf2 reduces the risk of pulmonary disease via modulating the airway innate immune response caused by DE in mice.
Essential Variables for Environmental Monitoring: What Are the Possible Contributions of Earth Observation Data Cubes?
Authors: Giuliani Gregory , Egger Elvire , Italiano Julie , Poussin Charlotte , Richard Jean-Philippe , Chatenoux Bruno
Published: October 2020

Environmental sustainability is nowadays a major global issue that requires efficient and effective responses from governments. Essential variables (EV) have emerged in different scientific communities as a means to characterize and follow environmental changes through a set of measurements required to support policy evidence. To help track these changes, our planet has been under continuous observation from satellites since 1972. Currently, petabytes of satellite Earth observation (EO) data are freely available. However, the full information potential of EO data has not been yet realized because many big data challenges and complexity barriers hinder their effective use. Consequently, facilitating the production of EVs using the wealth of satellite EO data can be beneficial for environmental monitoring systems. In response to this issue, a comprehensive list of EVs that can take advantage of consistent time-series satellite data has been derived. In addition, a set of use-cases, using an Earth Observation Data Cube (EODC) to process large volumes of satellite data, have been implemented to demonstrate the practical applicability of EODC to produce EVs. The proposed approach has been successfully tested showing that EODC can facilitate the production of EVs at different scales and benefiting from the spatial and temporal dimension of satellite EO data for enhanced environmental monitoring.
Digital Twin for Operation of Microgrid: Optimal Scheduling in Virtual Space of Digital Twin
Authors: Park Hyang-A , Byeon Gilsung , Son Wanbin , Jo Hyung-Chul , Kim Jongyul , Kim Sungshin
Published: October 2020

Due to the recent development of information and communication technology (ICT), various studies using real-time data are now being conducted. The microgrid research field is also evolving to enable intelligent operation of energy management through digitalization. Problems occur when operating the actual microgrid, causing issues such as difficulty in decision making and system abnormalities. Using digital twin technology, which is one of the technologies representing the fourth industrial revolution, it is possible to overcome these problems by changing the microgrid configuration and operating algorithms of virtual space in various ways and testing them in real time. In this study, we proposed an energy storage system (ESS) operation scheduling model to be applied to virtual space when constructing a microgrid using digital twin technology. An ESS optimal charging/discharging scheduling was established to minimize electricity bills and was implemented using supervised learning techniques such as the decision tree, NARX, and MARS models instead of existing optimization techniques. NARX and decision trees are machine learning techniques. MARS is a nonparametric regression model, and its application has been increasing. Its performance was analyzed by deriving performance evaluation indicators for each model. Using the proposed model, it was found in a case study that the amount of electricity bill savings when operating the ESS is greater than that incurred in the actual ESS operation. The suitability of the model was evaluated by a comparative analysis with the optimization-based ESS charging/discharging scheduling pattern.
Road Verge Vegetation and the Capture of Particulate Matter Air Pollution
Authors: Sillars-Powell Lory , Tallis Matthew J. , Fowler Mike
Published: October 2020

Urban air quality is considered a major issue in cities worldwide, with particulate matter (PM) recognised as one of the most harmful pollutants regarding human health. The use of plants to act as air filters and immobilise PM has been identified as a potential method to improve the air quality in these areas. The majority of the work has focused on trees, with the application of shrub and herbaceous species largely overlooked. Two contrasting leaf morphologies from a shrub and herbaceous plant species were sampled at four locations across Southampton (UK), from varying traffic conditions. Samples were analysed for the mass of PM captured, particle size, and elemental composition. These analyses were used to characterise the different sites and the plants’ effectiveness at immobilisation of PM. Captured PM mass was shown to be directly related to traffic density, with greater traffic density leading to higher levels of captured PM. PM origins were attributed to emissions from vehicles and the resuspension of particles by vehicle movement. The bulk of the PM mass was shown to originate from natural, crustal sources including large proportions of Al, Si, and/or Ca. Increases in elements from anthropogenic enhancement (such as Fe and Zn) were related to high traffic density. Particle size analysis identified that, despite the use of standard leaf-washing protocols with a final 2.5 µm filter, PM was dominated by fine particles (<2.5 µm physical diameter), with particles >10 µm rare. Bramble leaves were calculated to have a species-specific deposition velocity 0.51 cm s−1 greater than ivy, with deposition velocities calculated at 1.8 and 1.3 cm s−1 for ivy and 2.3 and 1.8 cm s−1 for bramble at Redbridge Road and Brinton’s Road, respectively. These values can allow for the more accurate modelling and estimation of the PM removal abilities of these plants.
Chemical Compositional Changes in Over-Oxidized Fish Oils
Authors: Phung Austin S. , Bannenberg Gerard , Vigor Claire , Reversat Guillaume , Oger Camille , Roumain Martin , Galano Jean-Marie , Durand Thierry , Muccioli Giulio G. , Ismail Adam , Wang Selina C.
Published: October 2020

A recent study has reported that the administration during gestation of a highly rancid hoki liver oil, obtained by oxidation through sustained exposure to oxygen gas and incident light for 30 days, causes newborn mortality in rats. This effect was attributed to lipid hydroperoxides formed in the omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich oil, while other chemical changes in the damaged oil were overlooked. In the present study, the oxidation condition employed to damage the hoki liver oil was replicated, and the extreme rancidity was confirmed. A detailed analysis of temporal chemical changes resulting from the sustained oxidative challenge involved measures of eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA) omega-3 oil oxidative quality (peroxide value, para-anisidine value, total oxidation number, acid value, oligomers, antioxidant content, and induction time) as well as changes in fatty acid content, volatiles, isoprostanoids, and oxysterols. The chemical description was extended to refined anchovy oil, which is a more representative ingredient oil used in omega-3 finished products. The present study also analyzed the effects of a different oxidation method involving thermal exposure in the dark in contact with air, which is an oxidation condition that is more relevant to retail products. The two oils had different susceptibility to the oxidation conditions, resulting in distinct chemical oxidation signatures that were determined primarily by antioxidant protection as well as specific methodological aspects of the applied oxidative conditions. Unique isoprostanoids and oxysterols were formed in the over-oxidized fish oils, which are discussed in light of their potential biological activities.
Developing Triploid Maples
Authors: Contreras Ryan , Hoskins Tyler
Published: October 2020

Maples are common street and shade trees throughout the temperate zone. They are widely used for their wide range of ornamental traits and adaptability, particularly to urban settings. Unfortunately, some species such as Acer tataricum ssp. ginnala (Amur maple) and A. platanoides (Norway maple) have escaped cultivation to become pests or in some cases threaten native flora. However, these species remain economically important and are still asked for by name. To ameliorate potential future ecological damage from additional escapes, we have been breeding for sterile forms using ploidy manipulation and backcrossing to develop triploids. We began with a series of experiments to develop tetraploids of Amur, Norway, and trident (A. buergerianum) maples. Treatment of seedlings at the cotyledon or first true leaf stage was successful in inducing tetraploids of each species. Mortality, cytochimeras, and tetraploids varied among species. After identifying tetraploids, they were field planted alongside diploid cultivars and seedlings, which served as pollinizers in open-pollination. Seedlings derived from open-pollinated tetraploids were generally found to be a high percentage triploids. Thus far, no Norway or trident maple triploids have flowered but after three years we observed five, 22, and 22 Amur maple triploids flowering over three respective years with no seedlings recovered to date. Further evaluation is required but our findings are encouraging that the triploids we have developed thus far will be sterile and provide new cultivars for nursery growers and land managers.
Predicting Runoff Chloride Concentrations in Suburban Watersheds Using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Jahan Khurshid , Pradhanang Soni M.
Published: October 2020

Road salts in stormwater runoff, from both urban and suburban areas, are of concern to many. Chloride-based deicers [i.e., sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and calcium chloride (CaCl2)], dissolve in runoff, travel downstream in the aqueous phase, percolate into soils, and leach into groundwater. In this study, data obtained from stormwater runoff events were used to predict chloride concentrations and seasonal impacts at different sites within a suburban watershed. Water quality data for 42 rainfall events (2016–2019) greater than 12.7 mm (0.5 inches) were used. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed, using measured rainfall volume, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sodium, chloride, and total nitrate concentrations. Water quality data were trained using the Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation algorithm. The model was then applied to six different sites. The new ANN model proved accurate in predicting values. This study illustrates that road salt and deicers are the prime cause of high chloride concentrations in runoff during winter and spring, threatening the aquatic environment.