bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de aprendizagem e autoeficácia acadêmica em universitários ingressantes: estudo correlacional
Authors: Martins Rosana Maria Mohallem , Santos Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos
Published: May 2019

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o uso das estratégias de aprendizagem e as crenças de autoeficácia em universitários ingressantes, explorar diferenças em relação ao curso e à faixa etária, além de estabelecer a relação entre os construtos. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem para Estudantes Universitários (EEA-U) e a Escala de Autoeficácia na Formação Superior (AEFS). Os participantes foram 109 estudantes dos cursos de Psicologia, Engenharia de Produção, Educação Física e Medicina Veterinária de uma universidade particular do sul de Minas Gerais, ambos os sexos, com idade média de 20 anos e 6 meses(DP=3,76). Os resultados revelaram a existência de correlação moderada (ρ=0,59; p<0,001) entre os escores das escalas de estratégias de aprendizagem e da autoeficácia acadêmica. Conforme a hipótese, alunos que relataram maior uso de estratégias de aprendizagem, são os que revelaram maior autoeficácia na realização de tarefas acadêmicas pertinentes ao ensino superior.
Conformity to Clinical Practice Guidelines at Initial Management in Adult Soft Tissue and Visceral Tumors since the Implementation of the NetSarc Network in Eastern France
Authors: Gantzer Justine , Di Marco Antonio , Fabacher Thibaut , Weingertner Noelle , Delhorme Jean-Baptiste , Brinkert David , Bierry Guillaume , Ghnassia Jean-Pierre , Jégu Jérémie , Kurtz Jean-Emmanuel
Published: May 2019

Background

Soft tissue sarcomas are rare and heterogenous tumors that are hard to diagnose. The aim of this study was to evaluate local practices and conformity to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for their initial diagnostic management.

Materials and Methods

Patients were carriers of a soft tissue or visceral tumor, presented at a sarcoma tumor board (STB) between 2010 and 2016. Conformity to CPGs was evaluated using ten criteria designed for this purpose. Associations between different factors and conformity to composite criteria, reflecting the three main diagnostic steps (imaging, biopsy and histological report) were analyzed.

Results

A total of 643 patients were included. A preoperative tumor imaging assessment and a biopsy were performed according to CPGs in 80.8% and 36.8% of the cases, respectively. When done, the first surgical resection was R0 in 30.3% of cases, R1 in 28.6%, and R2 in 10.9%. The rest of the operated patients with sarcoma had a second surgical excision (11.4%), an intraoperative fragmentation (4.3%), or margins were unknown (14.4%). Six of the ten quality criteria presented a conformity rate higher than 70%. Two criteria with a conformity rate lower than 20% were the most controversial: presentation at a STB before biopsy and freezing of a tumor fragment. A multivariate analysis revealed that the common predictor of nonconformity to composite criteria was the initial management in a nonexpert center.

Conclusion

Initial diagnostic management requires improvement, especially outside of specialized centers.
Phase II Study of Bendamustine and Ofatumumab in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Who Are Poor Candidates for R-CHOP Chemotherapy
Authors: Flinn Ian W. , Erter Jack , Daniel Davey B. , Mace Joseph R. , Berdeja Jesus G.
Published: May 2019

Lessons Learned

The combination of ofatumumab and bendamustine in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrated modest efficacy compared with standard of care. The poor response may have been due to patient age and the high rate of treatment discontinuation.

Background

This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy of bendamustine and ofatumumab in elderly patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were not candidates for rituximab cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP).

Methods

Patients received IV 90 mg/m2 bendamustine on days 1 and 2 of cycles 1 through 6 and IV 1,000 mg ofatumumab on days 1 and 8 of cycle 1 and on day 1 of cycles 2 through 6. Both drugs were administered at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved dose for combination therapy. All patients received premedications before each infusion of ofatumumab and hematopoietic growth factors. Treatment was administered in 21-day cycles, with restaging after cycle 3 and cycle 6. The primary endpoint was complete response rate (CRR).

Results

Twelve of 21 enrolled patients completed treatment; median age was 83 years. The most common reasons for treatment discontinuation were disease progression (three patients), intercurrent illness (two patients), and death (one patient due to drug-related sepsis and bowel necrosis and one patient due to unknown cause). Thrombocytopenia (14%), neutropenia (10%), diarrhea (10%), vomiting (10%), and dehydration (10%) were the most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events. The overall response rate was 90.5% and the CRR was 33.3%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 8.6 and 12.0 months, respectively.

Conclusion

The combination of ofatumumab and bendamustine is feasible in elderly patients with DLBCL.
Compressibility and shear strength behaviour of fresh and aged municipal solid wastes
Authors: Pulat Hasan Firat , Yukselen-Aksoy Yeliz
Published: May 2019

The effects of ageing on the compressibility and shear strength parameters of synthetic representative average municipal solid waste (MSW) compositions of Europe (E), Turkey (T) and the USA (U) were investigated in comparison with those of fresh samples. In addition to the synthetic fresh and aged samples, tests were conducted on natural fresh and aged MSW samples which had been collected from the Manisa landfill. The results have shown that the primary compression index ratio value of the fresh E sample is lower than that of the aged E sample, which has a higher content of paper and cardboard waste. As ageing progresses, the compression index ratio values of T and U samples increased. The results of the large-scale direct shear test present that aged samples have a higher angle of internal friction. In contrast, the cohesion values decrease as ageing progresses. The results have shown that the most important waste constituents affecting the primary compression index ratio of fresh and aged MSW samples are the kitchen and garden waste fraction and the paper and cardboard waste fraction.
Numerical investigation on the mechanical behaviour of karst sinkholes
Authors: Soliman Moataz H , Shamet Ryan , Kim Yong Je , Youn Heejung , Nam Boo Hyun
Published: May 2019

The mechanical behaviour of soils overlying weathered bedrock is often a concern when it comes to the risk of sinkhole occurrence. Cavities often form near the interface between cover soil and fissured bedrock and propagate upwards with internal soil erosion, ultimately resulting in surface collapse known as sinkhole. This paper presents and discusses the mechanical behaviour of sinkholes by investigating the stability associated with the size and depth of the cavity. The two failure modes considered in this study correspond to tensile failure and excessive yielding around a subsurface cavity. Numerical modelling with the finite-difference software Flac was employed to determine the stress distributions and deformations around the cavity. The results of numerical analyses were used to quantify the effects of factors affecting sinkholes such as bedrock depth, cavity size, overburden thickness and soil strength. The results also illustrate the yielding behaviour, which is related to a cover-subsidence sinkhole with a gradual depression over time but no structural collapse. The analysis result shows that the critical overburden thickness of around 25 m turns the yielding condition from unstable to stable.
Two-stage wetting deformation behaviour of rock-fill material
Authors: Yin Yin , Wu Yongkang , Zhang Bingyin , Ding Yanhui , Sun Xun
Published: May 2019

Combined loading–creep–wetting tests were performed to investigate the wetting deformation behaviours of rock-fill material by using a modified triaxial apparatus. Results show that the wetting deformation of rock-fill material can be classified into two components, namely, instantaneous wetting deformation and time-dependent wet-state creep deformation. The former occurs simultaneously with rock-fill wetting and possesses the characteristics of parallelism and non-hardening; the latter occurs over time after the rock-fill is wetted and exhibits features similar to those of general creep deformations in rock-fill material. Wetting deformation is induced by the physical-state weakening of the wetted rock-fill material; the wetting can be intuitively considered as a generalised load. Then, a new constitutive model of two-stage wetting deformation for rock-fill material is proposed. In the model, the instantaneous shear wetting strain is in a hyperbolic relationship with the stress level; the instantaneous volumetric wetting strain is described by the dilatancy equation of conventional triaxial loading; and the time-dependent wet-state creep strain is calculated using a general rock-fill creep model. The new model was also used to simulate triaxial wetting tests of rock-fill material, and its validity and practicability were further evaluated.
Mathematical and numerical modelling of limestone dissolution
Authors: Matsubara Hitoshi , Yamada Tomonori
Published: May 2019

The dissolution of calcium carbonate in limestone results in karst morphologies and karst caves over a long length of time. Although the geochemical process is simple, the dissolution can cause serious issues such as sinkholes depending on the geological and/or environmental conditions. Thus, a simulation predicting its dissolution processes is valuable for understanding the geological risk of karst environments. This paper presents a simple model of the dissolution of calcium carbonate in limestone to simulate the geochemical alteration of the karst terrain. The model is formulated by using an advection, chemical reaction and diffusion system and is discretised through the finite-difference method. The numerical simulations provide spatio-temporal dissolution patterns of calcium carbonate. In this work, some numerical simulations for intact rock, rock with internal cracks and rock with a cavity were conducted based on the proposed model. The simulation results indicate that the expansion of cavities depends on the direction of groundwater flow and the distribution of internal cracks and cavities.
A practical bio-based reversible permeability control for saturated sands
Authors: Hata Toshiro
Published: May 2019

There is a need for an eco-friendly in situ reversible permeability control that reduces the number of artificial materials used to achieve a saturated sand layer. This study investigates such a control using a method that causes calcite precipitation and decalcification based on the metabolism of carbon sources. This generates carbon dioxide and organic acid and creates and detaches a biofilm using dry yeast and sodium hypochlorite. A pilot test determined the optimal chemical composition for this from a few different concentrations of carbon sources that begin the permeability reduction and recovery process. Following this, the main test (the permeability test) was conducted on a water sample taken from an agricultural area, which was combined with chemicals and dry yeast in a permeameter column. Permeability tests were carried out under three conditions (untreated, treated and treated combined with a biofilm detachment phase). The results suggest that (a) calcite precipitation induced by microbes, combined with bioclogging, can control the reduction in soil permeability and (b) a biofilm remover (sodium hypochlorite) and decalcification based on the organic acid created from the metabolism of carbon sources effectively recover the soil permeability to its initial state.
Steady-state analysis of heat–moisture–salt coupling in unsaturated layered soil
Authors: Gao Guo-yao , Zhou Feng-xi , Wang Xue
Published: May 2019

Based on the theory of porous media, the multifield coupling problem of heat–moisture–salt in unsaturated layered soil under the steady condition is studied considering that the pore of unsaturated soil is filled with liquid water, dissolved salt, water vapour and dry gas. Based on the conservation of mass and energy equations, the paper discusses the mass conservation equations and energy conservation equations for water, gas and salt in unsaturated soils. Considering the one-dimensional steady-state problem, the state equations are obtained by selecting temperature, pore air pressure, pore water pressure and salt solution concentration and their derivatives as the state variables. Under the condition of the boundary values of adjacent soil layers in a given unsaturated soil, the non-linear variable coefficient differential equations are solved by using the shooting method and the validity of the model is verified by comparing with existing steady-state experimental results. Based on numerical examples, the differences in temperature field, pressure field and salinity field between unsaturated layered soil and homogeneous soil are analysed.
Caracterización de personas lesionadas por agentes del Estado
Authors: Lasso-Cerón Elia Beany , Jurado-Alvarán María Mercedes , Castaño-Castrillón José Jaime
Published: May 2019

Introducción: los funcionarios del Estado hacen uso de la fuerza para mantener el orden y la buena convivencia. Detenidos, al ser liberados, acuden al Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses con una orden judicial para solicitar la valoración de lesiones personales. Lo anterior demuestra indirectamente que funcionarios del Estado vulneraron el derecho a la integridad personal en una gama que puede ir desde lesiones inherentes al proceso de detención, el abuso de autoridad, los tratos crueles inhumanos o degradantes, hasta la tortura. El interés del presente estudio es analizar el fenómeno, identificando su frecuencia y características. Metodología: el estudio es de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. El centro de referencia de la violencia del INMLCF de Colombia aportó la base de datos de violencia interpersonal no fatal (32021 casos), de Armenia, Pereira y Manizales que fueron atendidas entre los años 2009 y 2014. Esta base de datos se filtró por presunto agresor (Policía, Fuerzas militares, CTI, Sijín, funcionarios del INPEC, custodios y DAS.), generando un total de 3.212 casos. Resultados: los agentes del Estado involucrados en mayor proporción son los miembros de la policía; las edades que demostraron los lesionados son los 16, 17 y 19 años; la condición de vulnerabilidad en mayor proporción la obtuvo los consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas. Conclusión: es necesario avanzar como sociedad y ofrecer un mejor futuro a las nuevas generaciones, se debe ofrecer otras alternativas a los adolescentes, por ejemplo, oportunidades en la educación y la cultura.
A Generalized Approach to Indeterminacy in Linear Rational Expectations Models
Authors: Bianchi Francesco , Nicolo Giovanni
Published: May 2019

We propose a novel approach to deal with the problem of indeterminacy in Linear Rational Expectations models. The method consists of augmenting the original state space with a set of auxiliary exogenous equations to provide the adequate number of explosive roots in presence of indeterminacy. The solution in this expanded state space, if it exists, is always determinate, and is identical to the indeterminate solution of the original model. The proposed approach accommodates determinacy and any degree of indeterminacy, and it can be implemented even when the boundaries of the determinacy region are unknown. Thus, the researcher can estimate the model using standard packages without restricting the estimates to the determinacy region. We apply our method to estimate the New-Keynesian model with rational bubbles by Galí (2017) over the period 1982:Q4 until 2007:Q3. We find that the data support the presence of two degrees of indeterminacy, implying that the central bank was not reacting strongly enough to the bubble component.
n-PCR for 10 samples v1
Authors: Ruggieri Matias , Berini Carolina , Ducasa Nicolas , Malkovsky Miroslav , Fisch Paul , Biglione Mirna
Published: May 2019

HTLV-1 diagnosis using PCR is based on the amplification of the viral DNA sequences. This is usually conducted using a nested PCR which involves two rounds of DNA amplification reactions targeting the viral polymerase gene. In this case, we set up the conditions to analyze a pool of 10 samples in a single n-PCR detecting the presence of HTLV-1.
U Cinn - Meal Pattern Analysis Food Intake Procedure v1
Authors: Tso Patrick , Lee Dana
Published: May 2019

Summary: Food Intake Monitoring - Oxymax/CLAMS monitors the cumulative amount of food eaten as well as the amount eaten in each bout with the use of a Mettler Toledo balance with a resolution of 0.01g. Feeders are designed to account for spillage of food and to prevent foraging, a combination which provides the most accurate food intake monitor on the market. Food Access Control - Access to food can be placed under automatic computerized control. A pneumatic driven shield prevents access to the food, and can be controlled by times intervals and/or by mass of food. Additionally, this option also includes paradigms for Yolked or Paired feeding. Center Feeder Cages: The Center Feeder Cage maintains the same sealed environment but adds a feeder to the center of the cage to allow food intake measurements. The Center Feeder is the most popular and universal in application, supporting all subject body types from lean to obese. An adjustable food guard allows mechanical fine tuning of food access to minimize foraging.
U Cinn - Triglyceride Assay v1
Authors: Tso Patrick , Lee Dana
Published: May 2019

Summary: Determinations of triglycerides in plasma/serum/lymph will be made using a Randox Triglycerides colorimetric kit. The triglycerides are determined after enzymatic hydrolysis with lipases.
U Mass - Albumin v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: This experiment involves a spectrophotometric measurement using Roche Cobas Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. Albumin is a major circulating protein in body.
U Mass - Amylase v1
Authors: Kim Jason
Published: May 2019

Summary: This experiment involves a spectrophotometric measurement using Roche Cobas Clinical Chemistry Analyzer.
Epistemological Contributions Derived from an Investigative Method in an Experimental Class in the Study of Hooke's Law
Authors: Silva Osmar Henrique Moura , Laburú Carlos Eduardo , Camargo Sérgio , Christófalo Airton Acácio Castilho
Published: May 2019

Insofar as the students' conceptions of the nature of science are by the educator's conduct about the construction of scientific knowledge and thus can be modeled even subconsciously in the classroom environment, it becomes imperative cautious adoption of methodologies with epistemological visions related explicitly or implicitly. For this reason, this research performs the application of an investigative method, by study Hooke's law experimentally in high school, the analyzed results allow to characterize the benefits of the strategy in epistemological terms. More specifically, after this application, a structured questionnaire served to collect information from the students, evaluating in this context the percentage of the class that, in the majority, was in basic conceptions that diverged from the empiricist-inductive side. This view is philosophically and educationally undesirable and remains in science education, according to the literature in the area, more influenced by the unpreparedness of teachers in the sense treated here. The study hopes to contribute with research line that intercalates contemporary reflections of the philosophy of science in pedagogy in order to favor initial and / or continuing teacher training.
Wspólnotowi, choć samotni. Paradoksy Ortegowskiej filozofii życia
Authors: Domeracki Piotr
Published: May 2019

Filozofia José Ortegi y Gasseta, niezależnie od jej rzeczywistego ciężaru gatunkowego i opinii, jakie na jej temat krążą, nie przestaje zajmować uwagi kolejnych pokoleń badaczy, nie tracąc na atrakcyjności i wydając się przy tym niezwykle aktualną, a do tego uniwersalnie ważną i doniosłą. Witalizm tej filozofii, dzięki pożenieniu go z ratio, wybija ją ponad przeciętność oglądu, chroniąc udanie przed powierzchownym sądem i rozpływaniem się w efektownej aforystyce. Życie – zarazem przedmiot i podmiot Ortegowskiej filozofii, naznaczony ambiwalencją i złożonością – z konieczności taką samą czyni destylowaną z niego filozofię. Do zasadniczych określników życia należą u Ortegi wspólnotowość z jednej i samotność z drugiej strony. Istnieje wiele przesłanek świadczących o wspólnotowym wymiarze życia. Równie wiele jest jednak argumentów za tym, że ma ono raczej samotnościowy charakter. Tym, na czym przede wszystkim koncentruje się artykuł, jest teza, że Ortega y Gasset należy do największych w dziejach i najciekawszych filozofów samotności, rozwijających – a nawet więcej, i to znacznie – i doprowadzających do kulminacji wielowiekową tradycję zmagań z egzystencjalnym określaniem istoty samotności prowadzącej do uznania samotności za istotowy określnik egzystencji.
Dwubiegunowa typologia społeczeństw Murraya Rothbarda
Authors: Stefaniak Łukasz
Published: May 2019

Artykuł przedstawia dwubiegunowy system podziału społeczeństw zaproponowany przez amerykańskiego ekonomistę Murraya Rothbarda. Koncentrując się na opisie dwóch idealnych typów, autor stara się przybliżyć kryteria pozwalające uszeregować zbiorowości ludzkie według osi podziału wyznaczanej przez społeczeństwo kontraktowe z jednej strony i społeczeństwo hegemoniczne z drugiej. Podstawą rozważań jest Rothbardowskie pojęcie „przemocy” jako działań ludzkich mających charakter przymusowy oraz pojęcie „kontraktu”, będące fundamentem działań dobrowolnych. Tekst porusza także problematykę wolności pozytywnej i negatywnej w odniesieniu do działań państwa jako kluczowego elementu typologii zaproponowanej przez amerykańskiego badacza. Autor proponuje ponadto jego możliwe zastosowania w naukach społecznych.
Socjologia historyczna polskich zmian społecznych. Od powstania Solidarności do transformacji systemowej
Authors: Kolasa-Nowak Agnieszka
Published: May 2019

Do historycznego punktu startowego przemian ustrojowych, jakim był ruch Solidarności, sięga się w refleksji nad polską transformacją bardzo rzadko. Ani dorobek koncepcyjny, ani wymiar społeczny tego fenomenu nie został zaliczony do wartościowych zasobów nowego projektu ustrojowego. Wyjaśnienie natury tych procesów przez osadzenie ich w kontekście historycznym jest elementem niezbędnym do zrozumienia zmiany systemowej. Socjologia historyczna może dostarczyć inspiracji w postaci propozycji metodologicznych i może pobudzać rodzimą refleksję nad wychodzeniem z komunizmu przez proponowanie ram interpretacyjnych i sposobów wyjaśniania tych wydarzeń. Poszerzenie perspektywy przez włączenie modelowych procesów społecznych z nowożytnej historii Europy Zachodniej wzbogaci interpretacje naszych przemian społecznych i kulturowych od 1980 r. 
Zmedykalizowana psychiatria jako przykład „geokultury”? Propozycja zastosowania analizy systemów-światów Immanuela Wallersteina w krytycznej socjologii medycyny
Authors: Nowakowski Michał
Published: May 2019

Rozdzierana wewnętrznymi sporami i zewnętrzną krytyką amerykańska psychiatria w szóstej i siódmej dekadzie XX w. przeżywała głęboki kryzys. Na skutek rewolucyjnej zmiany paradygmatu (porzucenia psychoanalizy i psychoterapii na rzecz biologicznych koncepcji zaburzeń psychicznych i farmakoterapii) zdołała się zamienić w hojnie finansowaną ze środków publicznych i korporacyjnych, dynamicznie rozwijającą się dyscyplinę medyczną, której przedmiotem badań są choroby mózgu. Co więcej, nowa, zmedykalizowana psychiatria rozprzestrzeniła się na cały świat. U podłoża sukcesu amerykańskiej psychiatrii i jej „flagowego” dokonania – klasyfikacji zaburzeń psychicznych (DSM), leży „wyjście naprzeciw” potrzebom neoliberalnej, zglobalizowanej gospodarki i większa „kompatybilność” z interesami korporacji farmaceutycznych, dla których leki psychiatryczne stanowią jedno z głównych źródeł zysków. Co więcej, można się również pokusić o ukazanie współczesnej psychiatrii i DSM jako elementu Wallersteinowskiej „geokultury” wspierającej i legitymizującej dominację kapitału pochodzącego z centrum kapitalistycznego systemu-świata. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie dominacji amerykańskiej psychiatrii oraz próba jej ujęcia jako synergicznego efektu współpracy firm farmaceutycznych z amerykańskimi psychiatrami, która doprowadziła do eksportu amerykańskiej nozologii zaburzeń psychicznych.
Rodzinna czy instytucjonalna przestrzeń opieki nad populacją seniorów – kontekst procesów migracyjnych
Authors: Kawczyńska-Butrym Zofia , Czapka Elżbieta Anna
Published: May 2019

W Europie obserwuje się proces starzenia się większości społeczeństw. Państwa stoją przed trudnym wyzwaniem zapewnienia opieki coraz większej populacji ludzi starych. Tradycyjnie najważniejszym dawcą opieki jest rodzina. W wielu krajach, w tym w Polsce, obserwuje się wzrost liczby emigrujących kobiet, co jest jednym z czynników wpływających  na zmniejszenie kapitału opiekuńczego rodzin. Artykuł podejmuje problem zmian kierunku świadczeń opiekuńczych w starzejącej się Europie w kontekście procesów migracyjnych. Stawia pytania o zakres i formę udziału migrantów funkcjonujących w transnarodowej przestrzeni społecznej w opiece nad starymi członkami rodzin.

 
Efektywność w mediacji – pomiędzy działaniem a skutkiem
Authors: Jakubiak-Mirończuk Aneta
Published: May 2019

This paper presents and analyses the factors that shape and affect the process of mediation and essentially determine its final outcomes. Mediation works as a recognized social institution and a legal measure. Therefore, in order to analyze the effectiveness of mediation, both of these areas need to be addressed. The principal goal of mediation is to reach an agreement on the settlement of a dispute. To arrive at this point of the process, a series of factors should be taken into account, informed decisions need to be taken, and a number of obligations have to be fulfilled.
Mediacja a postępowanie egzekucyjne
Authors: Szczekocki Piotr
Published: May 2019

The issues of mediation and enforcement proceedings discussed in the study are focused on presenting both these institutions functioning in the widely understood law application process. On the one hand, mediation as a supplementary form of the law application process, on the other hand, enforcement proceedings as this part of the law application process whose primary goal is execution of the legal norm specified at the earlier stages of the decision-making process. An element shared by both these institutions in the judicial law application process is an institution of a settlement agreement concluded before a mediator which is the result of mediation proceedings and provides the basis for commencement and implementation of court execution. In the procedural dimension, mediation perceived as an alternative form of dispute resolution needs to have tools guaranteeing that its provisions shall be executed in case they are not voluntarily followed. This function is fulfilled by the state which has the exclusive rights to use various forms of coercion, including enforcement, in order to implement the provisions of a legal decision.
La informática en las empresas: análisis de tendencias desde el groupware y el software social
Authors: Illescas Espinoza Wilmer
Published: May 2019

Los avances tecnológicos de la ciencia informática continuamente marcan las pautas para establecer tendencias en el ámbito social, administrativo y económico. Estudiar el trabajo en equipo usando groupware para alimentar la bigdata comercial, el uso de las técnicas de gamificación para motivar a formar la inteligencia colectiva y el analizar cuales son las tecnologias con las que el cliente compra en la web son objeto de estudio del presente trabajo; así como el determinar cual es el camino en el que continuaran las tendencias computacionales para aprovecharlas en el marketing online.
Clinico-pathological and etiological evaluation of acute appendicitis and assessment of significance of laboratory and ultrasonography examination as an ancillary aid to clinical diagnosis
Authors: Paul Sailendra Nath , Das Dilip Kumar
Published: May 2019

Background: Timely diagnosis and intervention of acute appendicitis reduces morbidity and mortality associated with the disease condition. The study aimed to evaluate the etiology of acute appendicitis, to analyze the sensitivity of modified Alvarado scoring system and radiology in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and to correlate the observations of laboratory tests, operative findings with the histopathological report of specimen of appendix.Methods: This was a prospective study done on 100 patients with clinical symptoms of acute right lower abdominal pain suggestive of appendicular origin during the period from February 2015 to January 2016 in the department of surgery thorough clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, ultrasound findings as were done for all patients. After confirming the diagnosis of AA the patients had operative intervention and specimens were sent for histopathological study.Results: Male preponderance was seen in the study. Majority of them belongs to 21 to 30 years age group (50%). Faecolith was the most common etiological factor observed (58%). Abdominal pain (100%) was the most common clinical symptom. Alvarado score had sensitivity of 95.74% and specificity of 66.67% in diagnosing AA. In correlation to histopathological findings, ultrasonography findings showed 100% positive visualization rate in all 71 cases. Elevated ESR (94%) had high diagnostic accuracy as confirmed by HPE finding (96.81%) which is statistically significant (p<0.000).Conclusions: Alvarado scoring system, elevated ESR levels and USG findings of the appendix can be considered as adjuncts to clinically diagnose the AA, to improve the diagnostic accuracy thereby consequently the rate of negative appendicectomy can be reduced and thus decreases the complication rates.
Enhancing sensitivity of phenol-sulfuric acid assay using orthophosphoric acid as modifier
Authors: Sablania Praveen , Chakraborty Montosh , Keshari Jiut R.
Published: May 2019

Background: Phenol-sulfuric acid assay has been widely used for quantification of sugars in biological fluid and industry. The conventional method originally proposed by Dubois et al, was modified several times for enhancing sensitivity of assay such as substituting phenol with other chromogens, by optimizing assay conditions and by adding phenol after dehydration reaction. Both conventional and modified assays have utilized acid catalysis property of sulphuric acid but effect of adding phosphoric acid has not been studied before.

Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry, ANIIMS, Port Blair and IGIMS, Patna. The method being developed in our study consisted of adding orthophosphoric acid to the reaction mixture before addition of sulphuric acid. The method was optimized with different amounts of orthophosphoric acid. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS and Microsoft Excel software.  

Results: The current study found an enhancing effect (on sensitivity) of orthophosphoric acid in optimal concentration of 5.16 mmoles. Comparison among standard curves of methods that were compared showed that the curve was steepest for current study and average absorbance was 0.199±0.017 for conventional, 0.253±0.011 for method by Rasouli et al, and 0.290±0.013 for current study. Pooled serum analysis exhibited absorbance of 0.157±0.015 in conventional method while in modified conventional method absorbance was 0.234±0.010 and highest absorbance was observed in current study at 0.281±0.012.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that orthophosphoric acid exerts a positively modifying effect on phenol sulphuric acid assay.

 
Outcome of fractures of dorso lumbar spine treated by short segment posterior stabilization with intermediate pedicle screws
Authors: Manikandan N. , Aloy Babu
Published: May 2019

Background: Spine fractures are common in today’s world due to high frequency of motor vehicle accidents and work place injuries. These are major cause of disability in adult population. The mortality rate following spinal injuries is 7%. The aim of the study was to study the functional and radiological outcome of fractures of dorso lumbar spine treated by short segment posterior stabilization with intermediate pedicle screws.

Methods: Dorso-lumbar fractures with intact pedicle on the fractured segment, Load sharing classification score of equal or less than 6, Neurologic involvement caused by the fracture, loss of vertebral body height by more than 50% and kyphosis angle more than 20° are included. Patients with multiple level fractures and pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Denis classification and AO classification were used. Load sharing score is used to decision making for intermediate screw fixation.

Results: L1 is more frequently fractured followed by D12. Distraction type (AO) and burst (Denis) are most common types. 4 of our patients had complete neurological deficit. 15 had incomplete deficit and 11 patients doesn’t have any neurological involvement. Frankel A grade cases remained in the same grade. Mean Kyphotic correction is 6.7°. Mean AVBCP in the postoperative cases 26. None of the cases developed kyphosis or loss of correction in the follow up. Outcome using Roland Morris disability questionnaire is excellent in 64.3%, good in 21.6% and poor in 14.3% cases.

Conclusions: To conclude that short segment posterior stabilisation with intermediate screws provides better biomechanical stability when compared with conventional short segment fixation.
An analytical study on clinical patterns of herpes zoster in this era
Authors: Velappan Ravichandran , Ramasamy Sindhuja , Nallu Kamalanathan , Ganapathi Arulraja
Published: May 2019

Background: Herpes zoster is a major health burden in all age groups. It is caused by reactivation of varicella zoster virus from dormant form. The immunity that plays a role in this reactivation is cell mediated immunity. Prodromal features like Fever, pain and itch are common before the onset of zoster rash. The most common complication associated with this disease is post-herpetic neuralgia. Complications associated with herpes zoster depend on the age, immune status, and the time of initializing treatment. Treatment with antiviral drugs within 72 hours of onset of rash onset has been shown to reduce severity and complications associated with zoster and the post-herpetic neuralgia.

Methods: We analysed 120 cases of herpes zoster patients who attended Dermatology OPD, in Chengalpattu Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018. The study design was descriptive study. A detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination and appropriate relevant investigations were done.

Results: The mean age group of the 120 patients (male-56, female-64) was 35 years. Segmental distribution: Thoracic-60%, cervical-6%, lumbosacral-2%, herpes zoster ophthalmicus-22%, herpes zoster oticus-10%. 34% were diabetic, 2% HIV, 4% following surgery/trauma, 10% on steroid therapy. 13% had history of native treatment. Prodromal symptoms in 34%, post herpetic neuralgia-60%, sepsis in 52%.

Conclusions: Herpes zoster occurs in dermatomes in which the rash of varicella achieves highest intensity. Herpes zoster can affect any age group with a higher incidence in elderly patients and in those with immuno-compromised status, treatment with antivirals within 72 hours of onset of rash has shown a reduction in severity and complications.
Decreased Phosphorylated ERK 1/2 in Individuals with Autism
Authors: Russo Anthony , Mensah Albert , Bowman Judith
Published: May 2019

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are complex, highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders affecting ∼1 in 60-100 children. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases, ERK1 and ERK2, are central elements of one of the most prominent intracellular signaling cascades, the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. They are genetically linked to ASDs and other syndromes typified by intellectual disability. In this study, we measured the concentration of phosphorylated (activated) ERK 1 and 2. We present evidence that ERK is decreased in individuals with autism, and that ERK levels are associated with decreased Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR).
Article Processing Charge Hyperinflation and Price Insensitivity: An Open Access Sequel to the Serials Crisis
Authors: Khoo Shaun Yon-Seng
Published: May 2019

Open access publishing has frequently been proposed as a solution to the serials crisis, which involved unsustainable budgetary pressures on libraries due to hyperinflation of subscription costs. The majority of open access articles are published in a minority of journals that levy article processing charges (APCs) paid by authors or their institutions upon acceptance. Increases in APCs is proceeding at a rate three times that which would be expected if APCs were indexed according to inflation. As increasingly ambitious funder mandates are proposed, such as Plan S, it is important to evaluate whether authors show signs of price sensitivity in journal selection by avoiding journals that introduce or increase their APCs. Examining journals that introduced an APC 4-5 years after launch or when flipping from a subscription model to immediate open access model showed no evidence that APC introduction reduced article volumes. Multilevel modelling of APC sensitivity across 319 journals published by the four largest APC-funded dedicated commercial open access publishers (BMC, Frontiers, MDPI, and Hindawi) revealed that from 2012 to 2018 higher APCs were actually associated with increased article volumes. These findings indicate that APC hyperinflation is not suppressed through market competition and author choice. Instead, demand for scholarly journal publications may be more similar to demand for necessities, or even prestige goods, which will support APC hyperinflation to the detriment of researchers, institutions, and funders.
Implantação do Pronatec em uma escola técnica vinculada a uma Universidade Federal: nascimento, maturidade e declínio
Authors: Vogado Núbia Nogueira de Freitas , Ribeiro Elisa Antonia
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo trata do processo de implantação do Programa Nacional de Acesso ao Ensino Técnico e Emprego (Pronatec) aprofundado sob a perspectiva de uma escola técnica vinculada a uma universidade federal dentre tantas instituições ofertantes. A metodologia empregada foi a revisão da literatura com base em autores que vem discutindo essa temática e complementada com a pesquisa documental realizada por meio da análise de documentos institucionais: Relatórios de Gestão e Editais de Seleção de Profissionais para o programa no portal da instituição publicados durante os anos de 2012 a 2016. Acender à discussão sobre o processo de condução e de avaliação dos resultados desse programa no contexto empírico de uma escola técnica vinculada a uma universidade federal está relacionado com as reflexões da criação do PRONATEC como política de governo, que mantem estreito vínculo ideológico com as coordenadas dos organismos intencionais que passam a ditar as orientações educacionais aos países em desenvolvimento nos últimos 30 anos. Evidencia-se que não houve uma preocupação com as mudanças estruturais necessárias na sociedade para amenizar as desigualdades sociais, sim uma política de proporcionar formações rápidas e privilegiando as instituições privadas. Os resultados obtidos poderão servir para futura pesquisa mais completa.
Modos como estudantes de Ensino Médio interpretam ironias em textos escritos
Authors: Rizzo Carlos Henrique
Published: May 2019

Este artigo volta-se à análise do modo como estudantes adolescentes leem a ironia. Para isso, analisa comentários escritos por alunos de ensino médio de uma escola pública, a partir da leitura de um texto irônico retirado da internet. Nosso objetivo é evidenciar os modos por meio dos quais os alunos de ensino médio leem, e como eles reelaboram na escrita aquilo que leram. Partimos de dois questionamentos: 1) De que forma os alunos elaboram comentários escritos após a leitura de determinado texto?; e 2) Qual a medida em que os alunos de ensino médio recuperam a ironia (BENETTI, 2016) constitutiva do texto selecionado pelo professor para uma atividade didática? O corpus que constitui a análise é composto por 100 manuscritos de alunos de quatro turmas do ensino médio (duas de primeira série e duas de segunda série). Como metodologia fizemos análises quantitativas e qualitativas. Os resultados mostram que muitos alunos, ao lerem um texto calcado sobre contextos de incongruências, limitam-se a testemunhar apenas a superfície textual, adotando a leitura como um processo de decodificação. Já para os poucos que recuperam as estratégias discursivas de construção do texto irônico, esses demonstram terem empreendido um movimento de interpretação (ORLANDI, 2007) na leitura, aliando a materialidade textual à exterioridade.
Penerapan Model Talking Stick untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V SDN Randuagung 02 pada Materi Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia
Authors: Sudyastuti Ety
Published: May 2019

The aim of study was to describe the application of Talking Stick model, student activity when applied Talking Stick model, and student learning result after applied Talking Stick model. This study uses a classroom action research design (PTK) with two cycles and each cycle has two meetings. The data were collected by observation techniques and field notes. The data collection instrument uses observation and test sheets. The collected data is analyzed descriptively qualitative and quantitative. The results showed that the application of Talking Stick model can improve student activity and learning outcomes in learning IPS material Preparation of Indonesian Independence SDN 1 Randuagung. Class V student learning activity in IPS study increased by 10.1%. The learning outcomes of grade V students in IPS study increased after applied Talking Stick model. Students who have completed learning criteria successively in the first cycle of meeting 1 to cycle II meeting 2 as many as 17 students or 63%, 20 students or 74%, 22 students or 81.4%, and 25 students or 92.5%.
Implementasi Strategi Bermain Peran untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas 2 MIN 9 Banjar
Authors: Rusdiana Rusdiana
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas 2 MIN 9 Banjar dengan strategi bermain peran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan deskripsi data kualitatif. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Langkah-langka model tersebut meliputi: (1) perencanaan, (2) aksi/tindakan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Hasil penelitian pada siklus I dan siklus II menunjukkan bahwa strategi bermain peran meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas 2 MIN 9 Banjar pada materi mengenal pecahan nilai mata uang. Sebelum tindakan dilakukan, total kumulatif nilai siswa adalah 2010 dengan rata-rata kelas 67.00. Setelah tindakan siklus I dilakukan, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa meningkat menjadi 71.66 dengan hasil kumulatif 2150. Pada siklus II nilai kumulatif siswa meningkat pesat menjadi 2770 dengan nilai rata-rata 92.33. Setelah siklus II dilakukan, seluruh siswa secara individu mampu mencapai nilai KKM.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik dengan Metode Cerita Bergambar pada Materi Benda Hidup dan Tak Hidup Kelas 1 MIN 9 Banjar
Authors: Maslianiwati Maslianiwati
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kurangnya kemampuan peserta didik dalam membaca nyaring didepan kelas, dikarenakan sebagian malu dan sebagian lainnya kurang lancar membaca, betapa pentingnya membaca ini, maka sangatlah penting bagi guru/peneliti melakukan tindakan kelas agar kekurangan tersebut dapat di hilangkan dan dikurangi.Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah dengan menggunakan metode cerita bergambar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca nyaring peserta didik kelas 1 MIN 9 Banjar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dan pendekatannya menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas 1 MIN 9 Banjar. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah setelah data terkumpul dan diolah, selanjutnya disajikan secara deskriptif naratif dalam bentuk uraian–uraian, sehingga dapat menggambarkan permasalahan–permasalahan yang diteliti secara lengkap. Setelah itu dilakukan analisis data menggunakan teknik kualitatif berupa editing, klasifikasi dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode induktif. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran mengguanakan metode membaca cerita bergambar dapat dengan mudah dilaksanakan oleh peserta didik dan peserta didik sangat antusias melakukan pembelajaran, terpacu semangatnya bagi yang malu maju kedepan dan juga terbantu dengan media gambar bagi yang kurang lancar membaca.
Análisis de la introducción de mercancías al territorio aduanero nacional cuyo consignatario, destinatario, declarante o importador sea una persona inexistente como causal de aprehensión y decomiso: conceptos y pronunciamientos de la DIAN
Authors: Fernández Paula Ángel
Published: May 2019

Con la expedición del Decreto 390 de 2016, Nueva Regulación Aduanera, se planteó una posible solución a ciertos problemas del Decreto 2685 de 1999, como las aprehensiones que se efectuaban por errores insignificantes en las descripciones de las mercancías. Así mismo, la regulación incluyó la causal de aprehensión por la introducción al territorio aduanero nacional de mercancías cuyo consignatario, destinatario, declarante o importador sea una persona inexistente. Esta causal genera dudas a los usuarios sobre lo que se entendía por persona inexistente, por lo cual el presente artículo busca determinar el contenido jurídico de dicho concepto.
A Guide for Students and Staff (Thinking of) Doing Systematic Reviews
Authors: Van Veggel Nieky
Published: May 2019

More and more students on a variety of higher education courses are taking on systematic reviews as part of their independent research, and it is becoming more common for research students to undertake a systematic review as part of their thesis or dissertation.

 
Bits, Bytes, Nibbles, and Clusters—An Interprofessional Practicum Experience: An Innovative Application of a Doctor of Nursing Practice Essential IV
Authors: Adams Phyllis
Published: May 2019

Background

The Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) practicum should reflect the application of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Eight Essentials. This student's personal practicum experience combined her interest in interprofessional collaboration and the relationships with the Sexual Assault Response Team.

Objective

An innovative practicum was developed to assist in fulfilling the Fourth Essential: Information Systems/Technology and Patient Care Technology for the Improvement and Transformation of Health Care, as it pertained to the student's scholarly project.

Methods

Clinical Practicum.

Results

A criminal investigator, specializing in digital forensics, offered his expertise toward this educational opportunity as related to the student's scholarly project.

Conclusions

This experience provided a practicum that was considered “outside the box” for this Fourth Essential.

Implication for Nursing

It may be necessary for the Doctor of Nursing Practice student to consider a variety of opportunities to meet the Fourth Essential competency.