bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivação e tempo de reação de universitários praticantes e não praticantes de exercícios físicos
Authors: Crocetta Tânia Brusque , Liz Carla Maria de , Souza Jorge Oscar Calomena de , Viana Maick Da Silveira , Andrade Alexandro
Published: July 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as relações entre as motivações intrínsecas e extrínsecas para a prática auto relatada de exercício físico (EF) de estudantes universitários e seu desempenho no tempo de reação total com estímulo simples visual. Participaram do estudo 212 universitários matriculados em uma instituição de ensino superior de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, sendo 98 (46,2%) do sexo masculino e 114 (53,8%) feminino, na faixa etária entre 18 e 45 anos, sendo 147 praticantes de EF e 65 não praticantes. A motivação para prática de EF foi avaliada através do Questionário de Regulação de Comportamento no Exercício Físico-2 (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2) BREQ-2, medindo cinco construtos baseados na Teoria da Autodeterminação. Para medir o tempo de reação total (TRT) foi utilizado o Software TRT_S2012. Os dados foram tratados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste “U” de Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman). Os universitários praticantes de EF apresentaram melhor TRT, menor amotivação e regulação externa, maior regulação identificada, motivação intrínseca e índice de autodeterminação quando comparados aos não praticantes de EF. O TRT esteve relacionado positivamente à regulação externa e negativamente ao índice de autodeterminação, indicando que quanto maior a regulação externa para a prática de EF, maior também é o TRT. Universitários mais autodeterminadospara a prática de exercícios físicos foram os que praticam exercício físico e apresentam melhor tempo de reação do que os universitários que não praticam.
A REVALORIZAÇÃO DA FACULDADE IMAGINATIVA NA CIÊNCIA NOVA DE GIAMBATTISTA VICO
Authors: Zaninetti Priscila Aragão
Published: July 2020

Criado por homens de natureza poética e, portanto, obra por excelência da imaginação, o mundo civil dos primeiros tempos poderia ser conhecido, segundo Giambattista Vico, mediante a elaboração e a adoção de um aparato metodológico-científico que estabelece os princípios dos desenvolvimentos humanos. Tal aparato consistiria na própria Ciência Nova, obra viquiana que pretende conferir legitimidade ao conhecimento histórico, tão desprestigiado pela tradição cartesiana, mesmo de tempos remotos nos quais a faculdade imaginativa excedera à razão. Trata-se, então, neste artigo, de compreender o conceito de imaginação na teoria do conhecimento de Vico e as rupturas e continuidades que o filósofo estabelece com o legado cartesiano proveniente do século anterior.
O ESTATUTO DA ÁLGEBRA E DA GEOMETRIA NOS TEXTOS METODOLÓGICOS DE DESCARTES
Authors: Guedes Monique Vivian
Published: July 2020

O caráter protocolar desempenhado pelas matemáticas na formulação do conceito cartesiano de ciência é amplamente difundido e frequentemente reinvocado na literatura especializada quando se trata de abordar a exigência apodítica inerente a este conceito. No entanto, pouco se explora o que a diversidade das disciplinas matemáticas (álgebra, geometria e aritmética) bem como a relação entretida por elas permite trazer de elucidação à noção cartesiana de ciência. Nosso propósito consiste, aqui, em tomar posição quanto a um debate acerca do estatuto da álgebra e da geometria como disciplinas que fixam os lineamentos da teoria cartesiana do conhecimento ao exibirem o que Descartes reputaria como a aplicação ideal do intelecto. Trata-se de insistir, por vias que assinalam uma decisão teórica em favor de uma concepção mais intelectualista e menos imaginativa da ciência, que não há hesitação quanto ao papel primitivo e fundacional da álgebra se comparada à geometria.
IMAGENS DA POLÍTICA E POLÍTICA DAS IMAGENS: DUAS TÓPICAS SOBRE HOBBES E A IMAGINAÇÃO
Authors: Alavina Fran De Oliveira
Published: July 2020

A primeira parte do trabalho faz uma breve passagem por Maquiavel (O príncipe, capítulos XV e XVIII) para mostrar que a defesa de certo “realismo” na constituição da filosofia política não exclui a imaginação. A defesa da verdade efetiva das coisas contra as repúblicas imaginadas tem como efeito a afirmação de que na política não se pode operar sem imagens: quer o político, quer o pensador da política não devem desconsiderar a imaginação. Daí um olhar atento sobre aquilo que é próprio da imaginação: a capacidade de criar imagens. Nesse sentido, Hobbes aparece como herdeiro de uma tradição que se desdobra em duas tópicas: sua relação com a tradição retórica; os leitores de Maquiavel.
Liberties, rights, public policies and water fluoridation
Authors: Souza Neto Antonio Carlos De , Frazão Paulo
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the negative and positive concepts of liberty and postulate its interdependent and complementary relationship in the evaluation of public policy intersectoral actions, taking water fluoridation as a case. METHOD: To describe scopes and limits regarding 1950s Isaiah Berlin’s distinction, showing its validity in facing the harmful effects of an uncontrolled market economy and an autocratic political regime. RESULTS: Both the rights that protect citizens against a powerful state and the rights that protect the state against powerful citizens were equally acknowledged as crucial. CONCLUSION: We argued that, in a context in which negative and positive liberties are balanced, regulatory policies have double meaning. Thus, there should be a balance between the establishment of necessary rules for social protection and limits for them not to violate individuals’ rights
Illicit drug use among students of a university in Southern Brazil
Authors: Houvèssou Gbènankpon Mathias , Bierhals Isabel Oliveira , Flesch Betina Daniele , Silveira Mariângela Freitas da
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: To describe drug consumption and the co-occurrence use of more than one illegal drug as well as associated factors in freshmen at a public university in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with census of students entering undergraduate courses in 2017. A total of 1,788 university students answered questions about illicit drug use. For analysis, ordinal logistic regression was used. RESULTS: Marijuana was the most consumed drug (lifetime: 42.1%; 30-day use: 22.7%), followed by hallucinogens (lifetime: 13.1%, 30-day use: 2.8%). Rates for lifetime use of 0, 1 and 2 or more drugs were 56.2%, 23.3% and 20.4%, respectively, and were associated with men (OR = 2.2; 95%CI:1.4–3.5), being at least 23 years old (OR = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.4–5.1), under 18 years old first experimentation with drugs (OR = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.3–3.9) and living with friends (OR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.2–3.4). Rates for 30-day use of 0, 1 and 2 or more drugs were 76.8%; 18.1% and 5.1%, respectively, and were associated with being single, separated or widowed (OR = 3.2; 95%CI: 1.4–7.0), lower socioeconomic classes (OR = 0.3; 95%CI: 0.1–1.1; p = 0.001), under 18 years old first experimentation with drugs (OR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.1–2.9) and living with friends (OR = 1.8 95%CI: 1.2–2.8). CONCLUSION: Results indicate that students are at greater risk of illicit drug-related health problems. Thus, a better understanding of this consumption should be pursued, as well as the development of a prevention plan.
Neighborhood environmental factors associated with leisure walking in adolescents
Authors: Dias Arieli Fernandes , Gaya Anelise Reis , Santos Maria Paula , Brand Caroline , Pizarro Andreia Nogueira , Fochesatto Camila Felin , Mendes Thiago Monteiro , Mota Jorge , Gaya Adroaldo Cezar Araujo
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE: To verify the associations of leisure walking with perceived and objective measures of neighborhood environmental factors stratified by gender and socioeconomic status (SES) in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a random sample of 1,130 high school students (47.3% girls; aged 14 to 20 years old) from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Leisure walking and SES were self-reported by the adolescents. Perceived environmental factors were assessed through Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale for Youth (NEWS-Y). Objective measures were evaluated using Geographic Information Systems, with road network calculated around the adolescent’s residential address, using 0.5km and 1.0km buffers. Data collection was carried out in 2017 and generalized linear regression models were used. RESULTS: Leisure walking was positively associated with access to services (0.5 km buffers [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.22] 1.0 km buffers [OR = 2.17]) and lower distance to parks and squares (0.5 km [OR=2.80] 1.0 km [OR = 2.73]) in girls from low SES. Residential density (0.5 km [OR = 1.57] 1.0 km [OR = 1.54]) and walkability index (0.5 km [OR = 1.17] 1.0 km [OR = 1.20]) were associated with leisure walking in girls from middle SES. Boys from low SES showed an inverse association between crime safety and leisure walking (0.5 km [OR = 0.59] 1.0 km [OR = 0.63]). Neighborhood recreation facilities was positively associated with leisure walking in middle SES (0.5 km [OR = 1.55] 1.0 km [OR = 1.60]). Land use mix (0.5 km [OR = 1.81] 1.0 km [OR = 1.81]), neighborhood recreation facilities (0.5 km [OR = 2.32] 1.0 km [OR = 2.28]) and places for walking (0.5 km [OR=2.07] 1.0 km [OR=2.22]) were positively associated with leisure walking in high SES. CONCLUSION: Environmental factors (objectively and subjectively measured) and leisure walking show association in boys and girls of different SES.
A brief-review of the risk factors for covid-19 severity
Authors: Rod J. E. , Oviedo-Trespalacios Oscar , Cortes-Ramirez Javier
Published: July 2020

The World Health Organization has emphasized that one of the most important questions to address regarding the covid-19 pandemic is to understand risk factors for disease severity. We conducted a brief review that synthesizes the available evidence and provides a judgment on the consistency of the association between risk factors and a composite end-point of severe-fatal covid-19. Additionally, we also conducted a comparability analysis of risk factors across 17 studies. We found evidence supporting a total of 60 predictors for disease severity, of which seven were deemed of high consistency, 40 of medium and 13 of low. Among the factors with high consistency of association, we found age, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, albumin, body temperature, SOFA score and diabetes. The results suggest that diabetes might be the most consistent comorbidity predicting disease severity and that future research should carefully consider the comparability of reporting cases, factors, and outcomes along the different stages of the natural history of covid-19.
Prospective Evaluation of Clinico-Pathological Predictors of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Corradi Domenico , Saffitz Jeffrey E. , Novelli Deborah , Asimaki Angeliki , Simon Caterina , Oldoni Emanuela , Masson Serge , Meessen Jennifer M.T.A. , Monaco Rodolfo , Manuguerra Roberta , Latini Roberto , Libby Peter , Tavazzi Luigi , Marchioli Roberto , Dozza Luca , Cavallotti Laura , Aleksova Aneta , Gregorini Renato , Mozaffarian Dariush
Published: July 2020

Background:

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in 30% to 50% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Prospective identification of structural/molecular changes in atrial myocardium that correlate with myocardial injury and precede and predict risk of POAF may identify new molecular pathways and targets for prevention of this common morbid complication.

Methods:

Right atrial appendage samples were prospectively collected during cardiac surgery from 239 patients enrolled in the OPERA trial (Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Prevention of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation), fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and embedded in paraffin for histology. We assessed general tissue morphology, cardiomyocyte diameters, myocytolysis (perinuclear myofibril loss), accumulation of perinuclear glycogen, interstitial fibrosis, and myocardial gap junction distribution. We also assayed NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), hs-cTnT, CRP (C-reactive protein), and circulating oxidative stress biomarkers (F2-isoprostanes, F3-isoprostanes, isofurans) in plasma collected before, during, and 48 hours after surgery. POAF was defined as occurrence of postcardiac surgery atrial fibrillation or flutter of at least 30 seconds duration confirmed by rhythm strip or 12-lead ECG. The follow-up period for all arrhythmias was from surgery until hospital discharge or postoperative day 10.

Results:

Thirty-five percent of patients experienced POAF. Compared with the non-POAF group, they were slightly older and more likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or heart failure. They also had a higher European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation and more often underwent valve surgery. No differences in left atrial size were observed between patients with POAF and patients without POAF. The extent of atrial interstitial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte myocytolysis, cardiomyocyte diameter, glycogen score or Cx43 distribution at the time of surgery was not significantly associated with incidence of POAF. None of these histopathologic abnormalities were correlated with levels of NT-proBNP, hs-cTnT, CRP, or oxidative stress biomarkers.

Conclusions:

In sinus rhythm patients undergoing cardiac surgery, histopathologic changes in the right atrial appendage do not predict POAF. They also do not correlate with biomarkers of cardiac function, inflammation, and oxidative stress.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Cardiac Arrest Risk During Acute Infections
Authors: Lazzerini Pietro Enea , Acampa Maurizio , Laghi-Pasini Franco , Bertolozzi Iacopo , Finizola Francesco , Vanni Francesca , Natale Mariarita , Bisogno Stefania , Cevenini Gabriele , Cartocci Alessandra , Giabbani Beatrice , Migliacci Nicola , D’Errico Antonio , Dokollari Alexander , Maccherini Massimo , Boutjdir Mohamed , Capecchi Pier Leopoldo
Published: July 2020

Background:

During acute infections, the risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias is increased, partly because of a higher propensity to develop QTc prolongation. Although it is generally believed that QTc changes almost exclusively result from concomitant treatment with QT-prolonging antimicrobials, direct effects of inflammatory cytokines on ventricular repolarization are increasingly recognized. We hypothesized that systemic inflammation per se can significantly prolong QTc during acute infections, via cytokine-mediated changes in K
+
channel expression.

Methods:

We evaluated (1) the frequency of QTc prolongation and its association with inflammatory markers, in patients with different types of acute infections, during active disease and remission; (2) the prevalence of acute infections in a cohort of consecutive patients with Torsades de Pointes; (3) the relationship between K
+
channel mRNA levels in ventricles and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their changes in patients with acute infection over time.

Results:

In patients with acute infections, regardless of concomitant QT-prolonging antimicrobial treatments, QTc was significantly prolonged but rapidly normalized in parallel to CRP (C-reactive protein) and cytokine level reduction. Consistently in the Torsades de Pointes cohort, concomitant acute infections were highly prevalent (30%), despite only a minority (25%) of these cases were treated with QT-prolonging antimicrobials. KCNJ2 K
+
channel expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cell, which strongly correlated to that in ventricles, inversely associated to CRP and IL (interleukin)-1 changes in acute infection patients.

Conclusions:

During acute infections, systemic inflammation rapidly induces cytokine-mediated ventricular electrical remodeling and significant QTc prolongation, regardless concomitant antimicrobial therapy. Although transient, these changes may significantly increase the risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia in these patients. It is timely and warranted to transpose these findings to the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in which both increased amounts of circulating cytokines and cardiac arrhythmias are demonstrated along with a frequent concomitant treatment with several QT-prolonging drugs.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Total Versus Free Placental Growth Factor Levels in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia
Authors: Lecarpentier Edouard , Zsengellér Zsuzsanna K. , Salahuddin Saira , Covarrubias Ambart E. , Lo Agnes , Haddad Bassam , Thadhani Ravi I. , Karumanchi S. Ananth
Published: July 2020

Elevated circulating sFLT-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase) and low levels of its ligand, PlGF (placental growth factor), are key characteristics of preeclampsia. However, it is unclear if the low levels of plasma PlGF noted during preeclampsia are due to decreased placental production of PlGF or due to binding of PlGF by increased circulating sFLT-1. Here, we describe a biochemical procedure to dissociate PlGF-sFLT-1 complex ex vivo and when used in conjunction with an immunoassay platform, demonstrate a method to measure total and free PlGF in human blood samples. Using this method, we noted that plasma free PlGF levels were significantly lower in preeclampsia (N=22) than in nonhypertensive controls (N=24; mean, 314 versus 686 pg/mL,
P
<0.05), but total PlGF levels were not different (mean, 822 versus 800 pg/mL,
P
=0.49). In contrast, total sFLT-1 levels were significantly higher in preeclampsia than in nonhypertensive controls (mean, 16 957 versus 3029 pg/mL,
P
<0.01) and sFLT-1 levels correlated with bound PlGF levels (bound PlGF=total PlGF−free PlGF) in these samples (
r
2
=0.68). We confirmed these findings in an independent cohort of subjects (N=49). Furthermore, we did not detect any difference in PlGF mRNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction or in PlGF protein expression by immunohistochemistry in preeclamptic placentas when compared with nonhypertensive controls. In contrast, sFLT-1 mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in placentas from women with preeclampsia. Taken together with prior studies, our results provide evidence that decrease in circulating PlGF noted during preeclampsia is largely mediated by excess circulating sFLT-1.
Endothelium-Macrophage Crosstalk Mediates Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Hypertension
Authors: Santisteban Monica M. , Ahn Sung Ji , Lane Diane , Faraco Giuseppe , Garcia-Bonilla Lidia , Racchumi Gianfranco , Poon Carrie , Schaeffer Samantha , Segarra Steven G. , Körbelin Jakob , Anrather Josef , Iadecola Costantino
Published: July 2020

Hypertension is a leading cause of stroke and dementia, effects attributed to disrupting delivery of blood flow to the brain. Hypertension also alters the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a critical component of brain health. Although endothelial cells are ultimately responsible for the BBB, the development and maintenance of the barrier properties depend on the interaction with other vascular-associated cells. However, it remains unclear if BBB disruption in hypertension requires cooperative interaction with other cells. Perivascular macrophages (PVM), innate immune cells closely associated with cerebral microvessels, have emerged as major contributors to neurovascular dysfunction. Using 2-photon microscopy in vivo and electron microscopy in a mouse model of Ang II (angiotensin II) hypertension, we found that the vascular segments most susceptible to increased BBB permeability are arterioles and venules >10 µm and not capillaries. Brain macrophage depletion with clodronate attenuates, but does not abolish, the increased BBB permeability in these arterioles where PVM are located. Deletion of AT1R (Ang II type-1 receptors) in PVM using bone marrow chimeras partially attenuated the BBB dysfunction through the free radical-producing enzyme Nox2. In contrast, downregulation of AT1R in cerebral endothelial cells using a viral gene transfer-based approach prevented the BBB disruption completely. The results indicate that while endothelial AT1R, mainly in arterioles and venules, initiate the BBB disruption in hypertension, PVM are required for the full expression of the dysfunction. The findings unveil a previously unappreciated contribution of resident brain macrophages to increased BBB permeability of hypertension and identify PVM as a putative therapeutic target in diseases associated with BBB dysfunction.
Primary Multivessel Occlusions Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy
Authors: Kaesmacher Johannes , Meyer Lukas , Styczen Hanna , Lobsien Donald , Seker Fatih , Piechowiak Eike , Tan Benjamin Y.Q. , Fischer Sebastian , Clajus Christin , Yeo Leonard , Papanagiotou Panagiotis , Kastrup Andreas , Maegerlein Christian , Wunderlich Silke , Möhlenbruch Markus A. , Radbruch Alexander , Gralla Jan , Fiehler Jens , Maus Volker
Published: July 2020

Background and Purpose:

Acute ischemic stroke caused by primary multivessel occlusions (pMVO) is a rare but devastating disease. Whether multi-target mechanical thrombectomy for pMVO is beneficial remains unknown.

Methods:

Multicenter retrospective review of patients treated with multi-target mechanical thrombectomy. The following pMVO sites were included: basilar artery, internal carotid artery, and middle cerebral artery (M1 and M2). Baseline characteristics were reported together with interventional technique, technical efficacy, and safety parameters. Clinical outcomes were evaluated applying the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale. A systematic literature review was performed to summarize previous reports on pMVO mechanical thrombectomy.

Results:

Of 6081 patients screened, 21 patients met the inclusion criteria (0.35% [95% CI, 0.23%–0.53%]). In 70% (14/20) a cardioembolic cause was reported. A successful reperfusion of Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale score ≥2b was achieved in 95.2% (20/21) for the first and 76.1% (16/21) for the second target vessel. In those who survived the acute hospital stay (n=10/21), median admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale improved from 21 (interquartile range, 13–27) to 8 (interquartile range, 2–20) at discharge (
P
=0.006). Mortality was 60% (12/20) at 90 days and only 20% (4/20) of patients reached modified Rankin Scale score ≤2. Acceptable outcomes were almost exclusively observed in pMVO patients presenting with at least one M2 occlusion.

Conclusions:

Multi-target mechanical thrombectomy for pMVOs is rarely performed; however, the procedure appears to be feasible and safe with high reperfusion rates for both occlusion sites. More than half of all treated patients deceased early and favorable outcomes may only be expected for pMVO patients including at least one M2 occlusion.
Three new species and new records of Clastobasis Skuse (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from Japan and the Kuril Islands
Authors: KURINA OLAVI
Published: July 2020

Three new Clastobasis Skuse species are described: C. ainuorum sp. n. (Kuril Islands, Iturup), C. kanabo sp. n. (Japan, Honshū) and C. menguali sp. n. (Japan, Honshū). The new species are figured, photographed and their systematics discussed. New records are provided for C. loici Chandler and C. subalternans Zaitzev, both from Japan (Honshū). The number of Palaearctic Clastobasis species is set up at eight including six of them restricted only to the Eastern Palaearctic. Clastobasis loici, previously known only from Europe, is described to have a Trans-Palaearctic distribution. A key to the Palearctic species of Clastobasis is provided and the distribution shortly discussed.
A proposal for a new generic structure of the killifish family Aphaniidae, with the description of Aphaniops teimorii (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes)
Authors: FREYHOF JÖRG , YOĞURTÇUOĞLU BARAN
Published: July 2020

Following an exhaustive review of published molecular data and morphological characters, we propose a new generic classification for the Cyprinodontiform family Aphaniidae. The generic concept applied is based on monophyly, reasonable compactness, and morphological diagnoses. The proposed genera are monophyletic and compact groups that can be diagnosed by a combination of morphological characters. All species in Aphaniidae are morphologically homogeneous and have similar scale patterns, fin positions, and meristic characters. However, only a handful of morphological characters, including colour patterns, permit identification. We propose separation of Aphaniidae into eight monophyletic genera: Anatolichthys, Aphaniops, Aphanius, Kosswigichthys, Paraphanius, and Tellia, in addition to the new genera Esmaeilius and Apricaphanius, which are described for the species of the A. sophiae and A. iberus species groups, respectively. The original description of Aphanius hormuzensis does not fulfil the criteria of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, therefore this taxon is re-described as A. teimorii. Esmaeilius arakensis, E. kavirensis, E. mesopotamicus, and E. pluristriatus are treated as synonyms of E. sophiae. Esmaeilius farsicus is a junior synonym of E. persicus (Jenkins, 1910). The fossil genus Brachylebias is considered as incertae sedis since it lacks diagnostic characters which would permit it to be assigned to any of the extant genera recognised in this study.
A mid-Cretaceous female scale insect (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) in Burmese amber
Authors: POINAR GEORGE , VEGA FERNANDO E. , SCHNEIDER SCOTT A.
Published: July 2020

A new genus and species of scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) is described from a female specimen in mid-Cretaceous Burmese (Myanmar) amber. Fossil female scales are rare and the present species, described as Paleolepidotus macrocolus gen. et sp. n., has such an unusual assortment of morphological features that it could not be assigned to any particular extant or extinct family. The small, ferruginous specimen exhibits a series of long wax pencils that extend around the body, including the head. The antennae and legs are quite long compared to other extant and extinct scale fossils. Of special interest are the protruding eyes, and a conical-triangular rostrum arising from between the forelegs; the claws with bifid apices are also unique. The ovisac contains immature stages.
Three new species of the genus Poeciloderrhis Stål, 1874 from Brazil (Blattodea, Blaberidae, Epilamprinae) and neotype designation for Poeciloderrhis imperialis Rocha e Silva & Jurberg, 1978
Authors: DA SILVA LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA CARDOSO , LOPES SONIA MARIA
Published: July 2020

Three new species of Poeciloderrhis are described: P. angelus sp. nov., P. mangaratibensis sp. nov. and P. marombensis sp. nov.. Species delimitation, the tergal modification in the abdomen, the genital plates and their respective structures were analyzed. In addition, a neotype for P. imperialis Rocha e Silva & Jurberg, 1978 is also designated.
Healing of Full-Thickness Wounds Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin Seeded with Adipose Stem Cells in a Diabetic Mouse Model
Authors: Guo Yanping , Liu Jing , Plastic Surgery Department, Nanjing Medical U  , Li Qiang , Department of Ear Reconstruction, Plastic Sur  , Jin Peisheng , Cui Lei
Published: July 2020

Diabetic wounds are refractory to spontaneous healing and treatment regimes due to their detrimental nature. Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) hold great potential in stem cell-based therapies. However, insufficient cell activity and survival after transplantation dramatically reduce
the therapeutic effects. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a great source of growth factors and has been widely used in clinical practice, but few studies explored its application in diabetic wounds. This study was designed to investigate therapeutic effect of PRF as a delivery scaffold of ASCs
on promoting healing of diabetic wound in a mouse model. ASCs isolated from subcutaneous fat were cultured in the three-dimensional PRF scaffold for 3 and 7 days, respectively. H&E staining, laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed
that ASCs could survive and proliferate in PRF. Cell numbers in PRF increased dramatically in the duration of 7 days post-seeding. Meanwhile, it is revealed that conditioned medium of PRF enhanced ASCs proliferation and migration in an in vitro wound model. Furthermore, transplantation
of PRF alone or PRF loaded with ASCs improved significantly diabetic wound repair, respectively. Capillary density in wounds received either PRF or PRF-ASCs was significantly higher than wounds without intervention. A in vivo survival assay was also conducted to find that PRF could
maintain ASCs cells survive in diabetic wounds. Our study indicated that PRF, in particular that loaded with ASCs, can be considered as a promising approach in the treatment of diabetic wounds.
Downregulation of microRNA-181a-5p Protects Against Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Regulating the Sirtuin 1/Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Xie Lanjun , Guo Jingpeng , Yang Chunchun , Ning Liang , Liu Jun , Qian Lingtao
Published: July 2020

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common cerebrovascular disease. MicroRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a-5p) has been investigated in various diseases. However, till now, the role of miR-181a-5p in ICH remains unclear. The present study was conduct to analyze the function of miR-181a-5p in ICH.
First, an ICH rat model was conducted to assess the level of miR-181a-5p in ICH, and the data showed that miR-181a-5p was significantly up-regulated in ICH rat. Then, TargetScan and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay were applied to confirm the association between miR-181a-5p and sirtuin
(SIRT)1, and the findings indicated that miR-181a-5p directly targeted SIRT1. The results also indicated that SIRT1 was downregulated in the ICH rat model. Subsequently, the effect of miR-181a-5p deficiency on ICH rats was investigated. It was observed that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor significantly
reduced the neurobehavioral scores, brain edema and nerve cell apoptosis in ICH rats. ELISA results suggested that miR-181a-5p inhibitor significantly inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of ICH
rats. In addition, the results demonstrated that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor significantly reduced serum malondialdehyde content and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Western blot assay revealed that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor suppressed the expression of p-p65 and the p-p65/p65 ratio
in the brain tissue of ICH rats. Of note, all these results were reversed by SIRT1-siRNA. In conclusion, this study indicated that the miR-181a-5p inhibitor protected against ICH by targeting SIRT1.
MicroRNA-199a Protects Diabetic Retinopathy Under Streptozotocin Conditions by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
Authors: Wu Xuemei , Hui Liang
Published: July 2020

Inflammatory stress and angiogenesis participate in diabetic retinopathy. miR-199α could inhibit the elevation of wound angiogenesis by suppressing TNF-α and NF-κB pathway. The mechanism of miR-199a in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cell damage was assessed
by ELLISA kit, western blotting, real-time RT-PCR. Reactive oxygen Species (ROS) was measured by flow cytometry. The over expression of miR-199a decreased the STZ-stimulated oxidative stress, inflammatory response, as well as VEGF expression. In conclusion, our results validated that overexpression
of miR-199a protects RMECs from STZ-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and angiogenesis by targeting, at least partly, the VEGF signaling.
Long Non-Coding RNA FLVCR1-AS1 Acts as miR-493-3p Sponge to Modulate Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion and Migration in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Cui Tingyun , Gui Dechun , Gu Chao , Yan Shuai , Yue Yinzi , Zhang Jianyu , Sun Hui , Fang Yueyu , Jiang Nanyuan
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of long non-coding RNA FLVCR1-AS1 on proliferation, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer. QRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of FLVCR1-AS1 in colorectal cancer. The target genes of FLVCR1-AS1 were predicted using
the StarBase and Luciferase assay. The biological function of miR-493-3p through a series of in vitro experiments. We examined the expression of FLVCR1-AS1 in colorectal cancer cell lines was remarkably increased. Interference with FLVCR1-AS1 inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration
of colorectal cancer cell lines. MiR-493-3p is a targeted miRNA of lncRNA FLVCR1-AS1, and overexpression of miR-493-3p inhibits proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells, and it can be reversed by lncRNA FLVCR1-AS1. LncRNA FLVCR1-AS1 acts as
miR-493-3p sponge to modulate cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration in colorectal cancer.
Ethics of archival research on political violence
Authors: Subotić Jelena
Published: July 2020

While archival research most often does not include direct interaction with living subjects, ethical issues surrounding this method are no less acute. These issues are even more profound in studies of violence, where the likely questions are often about life, death, murder, culpability, responsibility, punishment, or remorse. Identifying answers to such questions is a process rife with ethical minefields, including possibility of unfair affiliation of individuals with violent groups, or tendentious interpretation of past documents, or even avoidance of specific archival material if it causes direct and irreversible reputational harm. While other disciplines have begun a more thorough evaluation of the ethics of archival research, political science has so far remained largely silent on this issue. To bring these conversations to political science, I discuss three main ethical challenges in conducting archival research on political violence: the role of researcher in interpretation; harms and benefits to subjects of research; and the politics of archives and politicization of research. I illustrate the arguments with my own archival research on Holocaust remembrance in post-communist Europe. I discuss archives – public and private – as sites of my own research and present ethical challenges I encountered while working with these archival materials. I then provide a possible path toward more ethical archival research on political violence and link this path to the ongoing discussion about data and research transparency in qualitative work.
Fear of Missing Out and Personality as Predictors of Social Networking Sites Usage: The Instagram Case
Authors: Moore Kelly , Craciun Georgiana
Published: July 2020

With the exponential increase in the number of social networking sites (SNS) users, there is also a significant shift in the popularity of these SNS. Moreover, fear of missing out (FOMO) is often blamed for the growth in SNS addictive tendencies. The current research examines the influence of FOMO and Big 5 personality traits on SNS attitudes, usage, and addictive tendencies in the context of an increasingly popular SNS – Instagram. Participants completed online questionnaires that assessed their personality traits and then be-friended one of the researchers on Instagram, which provided the actual Instagram activity data (e.g., total number of Instagram posts, total number of likes, etc.). Hierarchical regression results showed that personality factors explained significant amounts of variance in terms of attitude towards Instagram, number of likes, total number of Instagram posts since account inception, and social media addictive tendencies. Furthermore, FOMO had a significant positive effect on attitude toward Instagram, the total number of Instagram accounts that respondents followed, and social media addictive tendencies.
Obstacle distance measurement based on binocular vision for high-voltage transmission lines using a cable inspection robot
Authors: Huang Le , Wu Gongping , Liu Jiayang , Yang Song , Cao Qi , Ding Wa , Tang Wenjie
Published: July 2020

Obstacle distance measurement is one of the key technologies for cable inspection robots on high-voltage transmission lines. This article develops a novel method based on binocular vision for extracting the feature points of images and reconstructing 3D scenes. The proposed method seamlessly incorporates camera calibration, dense stereo matching, and 3D reconstruction. We apply a novel calibration method to acquire intrinsic and extrinsic parameters and use an improved Semi-Global Matching (SGM) algorithm based on the least squares fitting interpolation to refine the basic disparity map. Based on the depth information of the optimized disparity map and the principle of binocular vision measurement, a model is established to estimate the distance of an obstacle from the cable inspection robot. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method achieves an estimation accuracy of less than 5% from 0.5 m to 5.0 m, offering extremely high distance estimation accuracy and robustness. The study improves the autonomy and intelligence of inspection robots used in the power industry.
Diagnostic challenge of soft tissue extranodal Hodgkin lymphoma in core-needle biopsy: case report
Authors: Jonjić Nives , Valković Toni , Vujaklija Danijela Veljković , Ilijaš Koviljka Matušan
Published: July 2020

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon malignancy usually limited to the lymph nodes and lymphatic system while extranodal involvement is much less common than in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The current report presents an unusual case of primary classical HL (cHL), nodular sclerosis type with mixed cellularity in buttock soft tissue of 78-year old man. Primary lymphoma of the gluteal muscle is a rare disease and primary cHL is even rarer. In addition, to this unusual extranodal presentation, the present case highlight a diagnostic challenge in fine-needle biopsy masquerading a low grade sarcoma, primarily myxoinflammatory fibrosarcoma or an inflammatory lesion. However, surgical biopsy and immunohistochemistry guided correct diagnosis that was of major interest for further successful treatment.
Subjective Family Socioeconomic Status and Life Satisfaction in Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Social Support
Authors: Yan Wenjing , Yang Kairong , Wang Qiuling , You Xuqun , Kong Feng
Published: July 2020

This study aimed at examining the relationships among subjective family socioeconomic status (FSES), self-esteem (SE), social support (SS), and life satisfaction (LS) in two independent samples of Chinese adolescents. In Study 1, 510 adolescents were asked to complete a multi-section questionnaire. The mediation analyses indicated that subjective FSES predicted LS through three pathways. First, subjective FSES predicted LS through the mediating effect of SE. Second, subjective FSES predicted LS through the mediating effect of SS. Third, subjective FSES predicted LS through the serial mediating effect of SS and SE. Besides, the contrast tests revealed that the mediating effect of SE had no significant difference with that of SS. To test whether the above results are stable and replicable, we further conducted a validation study in Sample 2 ( N = 405) and found all the results remained significant. Implications for future research and limitations are discussed.
Dilemma of Hotel Reviews: The Role of Information Processing and Validation through Metacognition
Authors: Huang GuoQiong Ivanka , Wong IpKin Anthony , Law Rob
Published: July 2020

A comprehensive model is proposed to understand how travelers manage copious and even competing online reviews through a validation process, by examining the impact of social support, persuasive message compliance, persuasive message resistance, and metacognition on tourists’ willingness to be involved in social commerce. Based on the theories of signaling and reactance, the model explores how social forces, such as online social support and personal information-processing drivers (i.e., information processing and validating procedure), can explain customers’ social commerce intentions. A survey of tourists in 61 mid- to high-end hotels indicates that social support is positively related to persuasive message compliance, resistance, and social commerce intention. The findings indicate that persuasive message compliance and resistance mediate the relationship between social support and social commerce intention, whereas the mediation relationships are conditioned on metacognition.
Does IRS Monitoring Deter Managers From Committing Accounting Fraud?
Authors: Mason Paul , Williams Brian
Published: July 2020

We examine whether monitoring by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) affects managers’ decisions to engage in fraudulent financial reporting. We argue that IRS monitoring provides a disciplining effect reducing managements’ incentives to engage in rent diversion activities such as costly financial statement misreporting. Using information on IRS audit rates and instances of fraud disclosed in Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs), we find evidence consistent with IRS monitoring providing positive spillover effects in reducing the likelihood of accounting fraud. Our results are robust to using a matched sample of fraud and nonfraud firms. Altogether, we find evidence that tax authorities provide positive externalities in reducing agency costs through monitoring and enforcement.
Adapting to People With Schizophrenia: A Phenomenological Study on a Rural Society in Indonesia
Authors: Lestari Retno , Yusuf Ah , Hargono Rachmat , Setyawan Febri Endra Budi , Hidayah Ridhoyanti , Ahsan Ahsan
Published: July 2020

Background:

The growing prevalence of schizophrenia in Indonesia requires the consideration of the families, caregivers, health care professionals, and the entire society, to serve as a support and coping resource for the patients. The process of recovery is rather difficult, especially in the absence of a decent place to live. Hence, there is the need to provide a supportive environment that facilitates recuperation from psychotic symptoms, enhances interaction with others, promotes self-expression of thoughts and feelings, and helps deal with daily stress and challenges. There are currently no studies on the framework of societal adaptation for people with schizophrenia (PWS). The aim of this research, therefore, was to explore the experiences of rural society inhabitants in adapting to PWS in Indonesia.

Methods:

The study uses a qualitative research design and implements an interpretive phenomenological approach. A total of ten society members were recruited from the community by purposive sampling, and the in-depth interviews conducted were audio-recorded and transcribed. In addition, thematic analysis was carried out using the interpretive phenomenological analysis method.

Results:

The majority of the participants assumed that PWS prompt the feeling of alertness over fear. In addition, the participants revealed a feeling of indecisiveness in related situations and emphasized the value of keeping up traditional beliefs and practices and the effectiveness of a demonstration of indifference. They explained the need to combine traditional and modern health practices as recommended by the spiritual leaders.

Conclusion:

Societal adaptation to PWS entails the understanding of how to deal with the disease’s uncertainty and complexity. It is important to create a supportive environment to promote mental health and wellbeing.
Conflict–Poverty Relationship in Africa: A Disaggregated Approach
Authors: Okunlola Olalekan Charles , Okafor Ifeanyi Gerald
Published: July 2020

This article investigates the conflict–poverty relationship in Africa between 1980 and 2015. Conducting a panel regression, we test the effect of disaggregated conflict on the poverty index (POV) and indicators in Africa. Conflict causes poverty in Africa, and not the other way round as many studies have suggested. We also found that internal conflict causes poverty in Africa; it increases the poverty rate and worsens the standard of living. However, interstate conflicts have little effects on poverty indicators, it reduces the life expectancy of people in Africa. This article concludes that poverty is not the prime cause of conflict in Africa; there are other causes (i.e., political, structural, and sociological), poverty only stimulates conflict. This article suggests that peacemaking and peacebuilding mechanisms should be strengthened in Africa. Also, emphasis should be laid on other causes of conflict, such as political, structural and sociological, as it has been established that poverty is not the cause of conflict in Africa.
20th Anniversary Update of the Ottawa Decision Support Framework Part 1: A Systematic Review of the Decisional Needs of People Making Health or Social Decisions
Authors: Hoefel Lauren , O’Connor Annette M. , Lewis Krystina B. , Boland Laura , Sikora Lindsey , Hu Jiale , Stacey Dawn
Published: July 2020

Background. The Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) has been used for 20 years to assess and address people’s decisional needs. The evidence regarding ODSF decisional needs has not been synthesized. Objectives. To synthesize evidence from ODSF-based decisional needs studies, identify new decisional needs, and validate current ODSF decisional needs. Methods. A mixed-studies systematic review. Nine electronic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria: studies of people’s decisional needs when making health or social decisions for themselves, a child, or a mentally incapable person, as reported by themselves, families, or practitioners. Two independent authors screened eligibility, extracted data, and quality appraised studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Data were analyzed using narrative synthesis. Results. Of 4532 citations, 45 studies from 7 countries were eligible. People’s needs for 101 unique decisions (85 health, 16 social) were reported by 2857 patient decision makers ( n = 36 studies), 92 parent decision makers ( n = 6), 81 family members ( n = 5), and 523 practitioners ( n = 21). Current ODSF decisional needs were reported in 2 to 40 studies. For 6 decisional needs, there were 11 new (manifestations): 1) information (overload, inadequacy regarding others’ experiences with options), 2) difficult decisional roles (practitioner, family involvement, or deliberations), 3) unrealistic expectations (difficulty believing outcome probabilities apply to them), 4) personal needs (religion/spirituality), 5) difficult decision timing (unpredictable), and 6) unreceptive decisional stage (difficulty accepting condition/need for treatment, powerful emotions limiting information processing, lacking motivation to consider delayed/unpredictable decisions). Limitations. Possible publication bias (only peer-reviewed journals included). Possible missed needs (non-ODSF studies, patient decision aid development studies, 3 ODSF needs added in 2006). Conclusion. We validated current decisional needs, identified 11 new manifestations of 6 decisional needs, and recommended ODSF revisions.