bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Borg CR-10 scale is suitable to quantify aerobic exercise intensity in women with fibromyalgia syndrome
Authors: Andrade Carolina Pieroni , Zamunér Antonio Roberto , Forti Meire , França Thalita Fonseca de , Silva Ester da
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Patients with Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) report higher ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) compared to healthy individuals for the same exercise intensity; however, to our knowledge, no studies have evaluated RPE at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) for this population. This study aimed to assess RPE using the Borg CR-10 scale during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in women with FMS. Twenty-four women with FMS and twenty healthy control subjects (HC) voluntarily participated in this study. Near the end of every 1-minute period during CPET, subjects were asked to report their RPE for fatigue in the lower limbs (RPE-L) and dyspnea (RPE-D), respectively, according to the Borg CR-10 scale. FMS subjects showed higher RPE-L and RPE-D compared to HC subjects at free wheel and at the first load increment. However, no significant difference was observed between groups for power output. There was no significant difference between groups for RPE-L and RPE-D reported at VAT and peak CPET. However, FMS subjects showed lower power output compared to HC subjects. The present results showed that FMS subjects present higher RPE compared to HC subjects. However, RPE reported at VAT and at peak CPET was not different between groups. The Borg CR-10 scale scores obtained at VAT can be used as an additional parameter for prescribing exercise intensity in aerobic training protocols for women with FMS.
Impact of sports activities on respiratory function and mechanics in children
Authors: Gonçalves Renata Maba , Ferreira Letícia Goulart , Assumpção Maíra Seabra de , Schivinski Camila Isabel Santos
Published: October 2017

Abstract Introduction: Being physically active in childhood may improve the quality of life in adulthood. So, it is extremely important to evaluate the respiratory function and mechanics of children who participate in sports activities, in order to determine the impact of physical activity on airway resistance. Objective: To analyze measures of respiratory function and mechanics in children who participate (PG) and who do not participate (CG) in sports activities regularly, as well as to compare and correlate the results. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study of healthy school-aged children aged 6 to 12 years, assessed by impulse oscillometry tests (IOS) and spirometry. The sample was divided into PG and CG. The Student’s t-Test or Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the groups according to normality of data tested by the Shapiro-Wilk test. The correlation between the tests and age, sex, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) was performed using Pearson’s and Spearman correlation coefficient. Statistical data were processed by the SPSS® software, considering significance level at p < 0.05. Results: Forty children participated in the study, 20 in each group, with no differences regarding age, sex, weight, height and BMI. There were significant differences in FEF25-75% (CG: 94.19% ± 13.08 x PG: 101.75% ± 17.44, p = 0.049), and oscillometry data did not differ between both groups. Sex correlated with total airway resistance (R5 - p = 0.049, r = 0.314). Conclusion: In the group with children who participated in sports activities, FEF25-75% was higher, compared to the control group.
Physiotherapeutic approach and functional performance after breast cancer surgery
Authors: Rett Mariana Tirolli , Oliveira Íris Alves de , Mendonça Andreza Carvalho Rabelo , Biana Camilla Benigno , Moccellin Ana Silvia , DeSantana Josimari Melo
Published: October 2017

Abstract Introduction: Surgery for breast cancer can impair range of motion (ROM) and functionality of upper limb (UL). Objective: To compare ROM and functional performance of homolateral UL after physiotherapeutic approach and to correlate these variables. Methods: A non-randomized clinical trial study enrolled 33 women who were submitted to mastectomy or quadrantectomy associated with axillary lymphadenectomy. ROM was assessed by homolateral UL and contralateral limb (control) goniometry. Functional performance was assessed by “Disability of arm, shoulder and hand” (DASH) questionnaire. The protocol consisted in 10 sessions (3 sessions per week during 60 minutes), involving passive mobilization of glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joint, soft tissue mobilization, neck muscles and upper limb muscles stretching, exercises in all planes of motion, applied alone or in combination. Weight bearing exercise with elastic bands and dumbbells from 0.5 to 1.0 kilograms were also applied. Results: There was a meaningful increase in ROM of all movements after physiotherapy; however, flexion, abduction and lateral rotation remained lower than control limb. DASH score decreased significantly from 28.06 ± 16.1 to 15.71 ± 10.7 (p = 0.001) meaning an improvement in functional performance of UL. No correlation was observed between ROM and DASH. Conclusion: Functional performance and ROM, after 10 physiotherapy sessions, improved significantly, however, a long-term follow-up can contribute to further improvement.
Individualized guidance and telephone monitoring in a self-supervised home-based physiotherapeutic program in Parkinson
Authors: Gondim Ihana Thaís Guerra de Oliveira , Lins Carla Cabral dos Santos Accioly , Asano Nadja Maria Jorge , Asano Amdore Guescel C , Cabral Etenildo Dantas , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: October 2017

Abstract Introduction: Home therapeutic exercises have been a target of interest in the treatment of the Parkinson's disease (PD). The way that the physical therapist guides and monitors these exercises can impact the success of therapy. Objective: To evaluate the effects of individualized orientation and monitoring by telephone in a self-supervised home therapeutic exercise program on signs and symptoms of PD and quality of life (QoL). Methods: Single-blind randomized clinical trials with 28 people with PD (Hoehn and Yahr 1 to 3). Patients were randomized into two groups: experimental and control. The experimental group had a meeting with individualized guidance about physiotherapy exercises present in a manual, received the manual to guide their activities at home and obtained subsequent weekly monitoring by telephone. The control group received the usual cares by the service. Both were orientated to carry out exercises three times a week during 12 weeks. Was evaluated: (1) activities of daily living (ADL) and motor examination sections of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and QoL by the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire 39 (PDQ-39). The analysis between groups was performed by the Mann-Whitney test and intragroup through the Wilcoxon (p < 0.05). Results: Significant improvement in ADL (p= 0.001) and motor examination (p= 0.0008) of the UPDRS, PDQ-39 total (p = 0.027) and dimensions mobility (p = 0.027), emotional well-being (p= 0.021) and bodily discomfort (p = 0.027) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The individualized guidance and weekly monitoring by telephone in a self-supervised home therapeutic exercises program promoted positive effects on ADL, motor examination and QoL of people in early stages of PD.
Multidimensional features of pain in patients with chronic neck pain
Authors: Jesus-Moraleida Fabianna Resende de , Pereira Leani Souza Máximo , Vasconcelos Cristiane de Melo , Ferreira Paulo Henrique
Published: October 2017

Abstract Introduction: Chronic neck pain is associated with significant health costs and loss of productivity at work. Objective: to assess pain and disability in individuals with chronic neck pain. Methods: 31 volunteers with chronic neck pain, mean age 29, 65 years, were assessed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire in Brazilian version (Br-MPQ) and Neck Disability Index (NDI). The Br-MPQ analysis was performed based on the numerical values associated with the words selected to describe the experience of pain (Pain Rating Index - PRI), and present pain intensity (PPI). NDI was used to evaluate the influence of neck pain in performance of everyday tasks. Finally, we investigated the association between PPI and NDI. Results: PRI revealed that the most significant dimension was the sensory pain (70%), and the number of chosen words was 10 (2,62) out of 20 words. Mean PPI value was 1,23 (0,76) in five points; 40% of participants described pain intensity as moderate. NDI score was 9,77 (3,34), indicating mild disability. There was a positive association between disability and pain intensity (r = 0,36; p =0,046). Pain intensity and duration of pain were not associated. Conclusions: Findings of this study identified important information related to neck pain experienced by patients when suffering from chronic neck pain, moreover, the association between disability and pain intensity reinforces the importance of complementary investigation of these aspects to optimize function in them.
Isotonic saline nasal irrigation in clinical practice: a literature review
Authors: Lima Sabrina Costa , Ferreira Ana Carolina Campos , Brant Tereza Cristina da Silva
Published: October 2017

Abstract Introduction: Nasal instillation of saline solution has been used as part of the treatment of patients with upper respiratory tract diseases. Despite its use for a number of years, factors such as the amount of saline solution to be used, degree of salinity, method and frequency of application have yet to be fully explained. Objective: Review the reported outcomes of saline nasal irrigation in adults with allergic rhinitis, acute or chronic sinusitis and after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), and provide evidence to assist physiotherapists in decision making in clinical practice. Methods: A search was conducted of the Pubmed and Cochrane Library databases between 2007 and 2014. A combination of the following descriptors was used as a search strategy: nasal irrigation, nasal lavage, rhinitis, sinusitis, saline, saline solution. Results: Eight clinical trials were included, analyzed according to participant diagnosis. Conclusion: The evidence found was heterogeneous, but contributed to elucidating uncertainties regarding the use of nasal lavage in the clinical practice of physical therapy, such as the protocols used.
Factors associated with pacifier use among children of working women with childcare in the workplace
Authors: Santos Thais Rosa dos , Buccini Gabriela dos Santos , Sebastião Luciana Tavares
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the prevalence of pacifier use as well as the reasons for introducing a pacifier and to analyze factors associated with this practice among children of working women with childcare in the workplace. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 46 women working at a higher education institution that offered childcare in the workplace; the children were in the age range 2.6 years. Data collection was carried out using a self-report questionnaire filled at home. Reasons for introducing a pacifier were analyzed descriptively; Poisson regression was used in the multiple analysis. Results: the prevalence of pacifier use was 63%. Most women offered the pacifier after the infant's 16th day of life, in order to calm the baby. In the multiple analysis, higher maternal education was associated with pacifier use. Conclusion: a high prevalence of pacifier use was observed, as well as early pacifier introduction, among children of working women with childcare in the workplace. With regard to the factors associated with pacifier use in this population, lower maternal education acted as a protective factor against pacifier use.
Drug and alcohol in pregnancy and stuttering - a speech-language pathology case report
Authors: Jacob Mahyara Francini , Guarnieri Camilla , Quadros Isabela Alves de , Lopes-Herrera Simone Aparecida
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT Drug use during pregnancy is a well-known risk factor for the manifestation of speech-language disabilities. However, the necessity of studies directed towards drug use and its influence on interventional speech process in cases of alterations of child language and fluency is observed. In this study, clinical history data are presented as well as pre and post-assessment tests (Speech and Language) and the description of an interventional process of a six-year child. The main communication complaint about the child was stuttering. In addition to the child’s clinical history, there was also knowledge of alcohol and legal and illegal drug use by the mother from before the moment of conception until this intervention process was reported. The protocols Stuttering Severity Instrument (SSI), Child Language Test (ABFW): phonology, vocabulary, and fluency tests, along with the Checklist of Verbal Communication Skills were applied. Based on these assessments, the child was diagnosed with mild to moderate stuttering, phonological simplifications, vocabulary inferior to that expected for his age, difficulty maintaining communicative turns, simplified narrative skills, alterations in psycholinguistic processes, and complaints from the school about his learning. The child underwent speech therapy in the areas of fluency and Child Language (phonological approach), showing evolution in the post-intervention assessment. Thus, in the present case, it became clear that the concomitant use of alcohol with exposure to cigarettes and marijuana may trigger changes in the acquisition and development of language, fluency and, consequently, learning.
Pluralism, Social Work and an Ethical-Political Project: one theme many challenges
Authors: Forti Valeria Lucilia
Published: October 2017

Abstract This essay is the result of observations drawn from our decades of experience as a social worker and professor, particularly of classes in professional ethics in Social Work. It is also based on theoretical studies and qualitative empirical academic research about ethics/professional ethics and Social Work. The content was partially presented and debated in a lecture at the XV ENPESS. The arguments seek to deepen the debate about the relationship between pluralism and Social Work. Such a debate is essential to professionals in the field, since it is linked to the fundamental ethical principles of the current Code of Professional Ethics of Social Workers. It should be noted that there is a sufficient and critical apprehension of the subject by Social Work professionals and students must have an adequate and critical grasp of these issues, particularly considering the present moment when current conservative waves that are expressed with such importance in the social life of Brazilians and seem to have repercussions in this professional field.
Perfil da fala de pacientes submetidos à palatoplastia primária
Authors: Menegueti Katia Ignacio , Mangilli Laura Davison , Alonso Nivaldo , Andrade Claudia Regina Furquim de
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Objetivo caracterizar o perfil e a fala de pacientes submetidos à palatoplastia primária em um hospital escola de São Paulo, levando-se em consideração a idade do paciente no momento da cirurgia (precoce até os 2 anos de idade e tardio após 2 anos). Método 97 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, com diagnóstico de fissura de palato associada ou não à de lábio, divididos em dois grupos: 1) grupo precoce (GP), composto por 43 indivíduos operados até o segundo ano de vida; 2) grupo tardio (GT), composto por 54 indivíduos operados após o segundo ano. Os participantes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica fonoaudiológica. Os parâmetros avaliados e considerados para o estudo foram: classificação da ressonância, presença de ronco nasal audível, ocorrência de fraca pressão intraoral, ocorrência de emissão nasal, classificação da inteligibilidade de fala e presença de distúrbios articulatórios compensatórios (DACs). Uma porcentagem randomicamente selecionada de participantes (30%) foi reavaliada por mais duas fonoaudiólogas e a comparação entre os juízes indicou alta concordância. Resultados (nível de significância de 5%): os grupos não se diferenciaram em relação à classificação da ressonância (p=0,067), grau de hipernasalidade (p=0,113), presença de ronco nasal (p=0,179), ocorrência de fraca pressão intraoral (p=0,152), ocorrência de emissão nasal (p=0,369) e classificação da inteligibilidade de fala (p=0,113). Em relação à presença de DACs, os grupos se diferenciaram (p=0,020), com maior ocorrência de fonemas alterados no GT. Conclusão foi possível caracterizar o perfil geral e de fala dos pacientes submetidos à palatoplastia primária do referido hospital escola. Concluiu-se que a realização da cirurgia precocemente traz melhores resultados em relação à fala.
EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E PEDAGOGIA CAMPONESA AGROECOLÓGICA NA AMÉRICA LATINA: APORTES DA LA VIA CAMPESINA E DA CLOC
Authors: Barbosa Lia Pinheiro , Rosset Peter Michael
Published: October 2017

RESUMO: Somos testemunhas de uma feroz disputa territorial contemporânea entre diversas expressões do capital e de movimentos como a La Via Campesina (LVC) e a Coordinadora Latinoamericana de Organizaciones del Campo (CLOC). Nessa disputa, a agroecologia emerge como matriz produtiva e projeto político de enfrentamento do capital no campo, construída em uma perspectiva politizada e a partir de um sujeito histórico. Neste artigo, analisamos a concepção de educação agroecológica da LVC/CLOC em sua dimensão política e práxis pedagógica, que poderia denominar-se Pedagogia Camponesa Agroecológica. Abordamos os temas dos territórios em disputa e a agroecologia, e o papel teórico e político das epistemes que emergem dessas experiências na elaboração de projetos educativos e na práxis política.
Epidemiology and strategies for chemical management of powdery mildew in mango
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Amado , Monteón-Ojeda Abraham , Mora-Aguilera José Antonio , Hernández-Castro Elías
Published: October 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate phytosanitary strategies for the chemical control of powdery mildew (Oidium mangiferae) in mango, based on the alternation of active ingredients with different modes and sites of action, and to determine the environmental and epidemiological conditions that favor the development of the disease. The experiment was conducted in Guerrero, México, in commercial orchards, within a program for the development of fungicide spraying strategies. Epidemic curves were used on temporal analyses of the disease for: incidence; area under disease progression curve (AUDPC); severity; and conidial seasonality and its relationships with meteorological parameters. The disease was better controlled with the application of systemic fungicide followed by contact fungicide with multisite activity. The first symptoms appeared 30 days after the issuance of shoots, and the most susceptible phenological (critical) stages were at full bloom and at the onset of fruit with 8-15 mm. Optimum conditions for the development of powdery mildew, which maximizes the density of airborne spores, are temperatures higher than 30°C and relative humidity over 90%.
Genetic divergence among white-type acai palm accessions based on morpho-agronomic characters
Authors: Sousa Angela Maria de , Oliveira Maria do Socorro Padilha de , Farias Neto João Tomé de
Published: October 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to quantify the genetic divergence among accessions of white-type acai palm, through morpho-agronomic characters. The accessions belong to the active acai palm germplasm bank of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental. Thirteen characters were evaluated in 26 accessions, originated from six municipalities in the state of Pará, Brazil. The data were subjected to deviance and multivariate analyses, based on the average Euclidean distance, and were grouped by Tocher’s method and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The accessions differed for eight characters. The distances among accessions ranged from 0.64 to 2.62, with an average of 1.36, and four groups were formed by Tocher’s method and two by the UPGMA. Seven major components explained 88.03% of the variation, whose graphic dispersion showed the tendency of forming four groups. The characters weight of 100 fruits, number of rachillae per bunch, and fruit yield per bunch contributed the most to the divergence, and the accessions from the municipalities of Breves, Curralinho, and Limoeiro do Ajuru were the most divergent. Therefore, the accessions of white acai palm show strong divergence and variability, which favor the selection of desirable individuals.
Intra- and intergenomic chromosomal pairing in artificially polyploidized elephant grass and pearl millet hybrids
Authors: Santos Fernanda Motta da Costa , Torres Giovana Augusta , Techio Vânia Helena , Pereira Antônio Vander , Davide Lisete Chamma
Published: October 2017

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate, by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), pairing configurations as potential indicators of recombination between chromosomes of different parental genomes, in two interspecific hybrids (elephant grass x pearl millet) artificially polyploidized. Anthers from young flower buds were used in the chromosomal preparations. The genomic probe was prepared with pearl millet DNA and labeled with biotin-16-dUTP by the nick translation reaction. Blocking DNA was prepared with genomic elephant grass DNA. The homoeologous intergenomic pairing, observed in the two hybrids, indicates the possibility of recombination between chromosomes of the parental genomes.
Geologic resource management in the National Park Service: A historical overview
Authors: Mabery Ken
Published: October 2017

Burning embers are pushed over a 3,000 feet granite cliff to create a ‘firefall’ visitor spectacular. Sounds like an amusement park attraction? Actually, this and other actions have taken place in National Parks that were not conducive to good management of geologic resources. This article will explore the evolution of geologic resource management from its laissez-faire inception, to an era when landscape architects largely drove management of geologic resources, to today's policy-driven Geologic Resource Division that professionally provides comprehensive and project-specific assistance to parks.
Preserving fossils in the national parks: A history
Authors: Santucci Vincent L.
Published: October 2017

The fossil record preserved throughout the National Park Service spans more than a billion years and is documented in at least 267 park units. The discovery, collection, study, and resource management of fossils from localities which are currently within parks sometimes predate the establishment of the National Park Service and many of the parks. Public education and interpretation at parks such as Agate Fossil Beds and Tule Springs Fossil Beds national monuments and many other designated areas include information on the rich history of paleontological field work by notable paleontologists undertaken prior to the areas being preserved as national park areas. Another important historical aspect for several dozen parks involves the conservation efforts undertaken by the public and interest groups to preserve and protect these important fossil localities. The evolution of the science and methodologies in paleontology is reflected in the resource management undertaken by the National Park Service and documented in park resource management records and archives, scientific publications, and agency policy. Today the National Park Service celebrates fossils by coordinating the National Fossil Day partnership which helps to promote the scientific and educational value of fossils.
The role of glaciers and glacier research in the development of U. S. national parks
Authors: Capps Denny M.
Published: October 2017

U.S. national parks and glacier research are inextricably linked. They are also an integral part of our history and cultural identity. For example, John Muir studied glaciers at Yosemite, Glacier Bay, and other future park areas. He measured glacier movement and recognized signs of past glaciations. Most U.S. glacier research now occurs in national parks due to the areas that they protect. Of the approximately 75,000 km2 of glacier coverage in the U.S., only 683 km2 lies outside of Alaska. Glaciers covering an area of 43,745 km2 are wholly or partly enclosed within nine Alaskan parks. 29,041 km2 occur in Wrangell-St. Elias alone. The relationship of national parks and glaciers is not mere chance. As Robert Sterling Yard said, “Geology is the anatomy of scenery”. Glaciers are responsible for the scenery and habitat of many national parks from Glacier to Glacier Bay. Here, I highlight past contributions from glacier researchers in national parks and how glaciers have shaped the foundations of many national parks.
Foreign Direct Investment in the Function of Economic Development - Example of Selected Countries in the Western Balkans
Authors: Domazet Ivana S. , Marjanović Darko Milivoj
Published: October 2017

The main aim of this work is to determine, on the basis of empirical research, whether and to what extent foreign direct investment has impact on the overall economic development of selected countries in the Western Balkans. Analyses made for the purpose of this paper were performed on the basis of available secondary data possessed by the World Bank for the period of 2000-2012. The research methodology involved the use of the techniques of linear regression and correlation analysis. The first task was to determine whether there is an impact of foreign direct investment on the overall economic development of these countries. Where such influence occurred, it was necessary to define its level in comparison to the influence of other variables. The results of the analysis in this paper suggest that inflow of foreign direct investment does not affect to a significant extent the economic development of selected countries in the Western Balkans.
A comparative study of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in dyslipidemia
Authors: Thapa Rudip , Rai Prakash , Mahara Laxmi , Chetty Sudarsana
Published: October 2017

Background: To compare the drugs: Atorvastatin (10mg) and Rosuvastatin (5mg) in patients with Dyslipidemia.Methods: This open-label, randomized, parallel group, comparative, prospective study of six months duration included 100 patients. The age group of patients varied from 30 to 69 years with dyslipidemia. Patients were divided in to 2 groups. 50 patients in group-1 received Atorvastatin 10mg once daily and 50 patients in group-2 received Rosuvastatin 5 mg once daily. The level of TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and HDL were assessed at baseline and at the end of 3 months and 6 months.Results: At 3 months, LDL was reduced significantly more with 5mg Rosuvastatin than with Atorvastatin 10 mg [43.68% vs. 40.74% (P 0.0049)]. At 6 months, Rosuvastatin 5mg reduced LDL significantly more than Atorvastatin 10 mg [48.69% vs. 43.85% (P 0.00)]. TC, HDL, TG and VLDL were more favourably modified by Rosuvastatin at 6 months (P <0.005). Reduction of total cholesterol levels in Rosuvastatin group was not statistically significant when compared with Atorvastatin group (P 0.103).Conclusions: Rosuvastatin 5mg was more efficacious than Atorvastatin 10mg for the improvement of lipid profile during the period of 6 months follow-up drug therapy in patients with dyslipidemia.
Comparative evaluation of analgesic efficacy of tramadol and diclofenac-sodium in post-operative orthopedic patients
Authors: Paudel Rama , Deka Anjali , Gupta Hemant Kumar , Nepal Hari Prasad
Published: October 2017

Background: Post-operative pain management is an important consideration in the orthopedic department. The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of tramadol with diclofenac sodium in patients with postoperative orthopedic pain.Methods: A hospital based, prospective, observational study was undertaken in Department of Orthopedics for a period of one year. A group of 60 patients having post-operative pain intensity assessed as 6cm or more on a 10cm visual analogue scale (VAS) were assigned to receive either tramadol thrice a day (n=30) or diclofenac sodium thrice a day (n=30). Both drugs were administered parenterally for initial 24hr, then orally for next 96 hr. The primary efficacy outcome measures were pain intensity difference assessed at 2hr, 4hr, 8hr, 16hr, 24hr, 32hr, 40hr, 48hr, 56hr, 64hr, 72hr, 80hr, 96hr, 104hr, 112hr and 120hr using a VAS and sum of pain intensity differences assessed at 8hr, 24hr, 48hr, 72hr, 96hr and 120hr whereas secondary efficacy measures included maximum fall in pain intensity, number of patients who required rescue medication and their quality of sleep in the night.Results: Mean pain intensity differences assessed on 10cm VAS were significantly better for tramadol group compared to diclofenac group at all the time points except 88 hr. Sum of pain intensity differences over 8hr, 24hr, 48hr, 72hr, 96hr and 120 hr for the tramadol group was significantly superior than diclofenac group. Maximum fall in pain intensity score was also significantly superior in the tramadol group as compared to the diclofenac group. However, no patients required rescue medication in either of the groups. Patient’s quality of sleep improved with both drugs but tramadol produced significantly better quality of sleep every night than did diclofenac. Both the study medications produced effective analgesia and were well tolerated with no incidence of serious adverse effects throughout the study.Conclusions: Tramadol has a more pronounced analgesic effect than diclofenac. Thus, tramadol can be considered as an effective alternative to traditional NSAIDs in the treatment of post-operative pain.
Pharmacoeconomic assessment and comparing efficacy between cetirizine, levocetirizine, loratadine and fexofenadine in allergic rhinitis patients
Authors: Pentewar Ganesh S. , Wagh Ranjit J. , Chincholkar Aparna S.
Published: October 2017

Background: A successful treatment of allergic rhinitis is considered not only as relief from sneezing, itching, rhinorrhoea, congestion but also as the functional impact on the patient’s daily life. The cost of treating allergic rhinitis and indirect costs related to loss of workplace productivity are substantial.Methods: The present study was single centered, open label, randomized, four Arm, parallel-group, comparative clinical study between orally administered Cetirizine, Levocetirizine, Loratadine and Fexofenatidine in patients with allergic rhinitis conducted at MIMER Medical college and Dr. Bhausaheb Sardesai hospital in rural Maval Taluka in Pune district of Maharashtra State.Results: Total Nasal Symptom Score differs significantly for all the treatment groups. Subsequent pairwise contrasts using a Bonferroni adjustment reveals maximum reduction of symptoms in Levocetirizine group. Cost effectiveness ratio was effective for Levocetirizine followed by Cetirizine, Loratadine, and Fexofenadine.Conclusions: From the analysis of results, the study shows that both Levocetirizine and Cetirizine control the symptoms of allergic rhinitis better as compared to Loratadine and Fexofenadine but Levocetirizine was a better choice in comparison to others due to its cost effectiveness.
Evaluation of cognition enhancing activity of pioglitazone in albino mice
Authors: L. Shruthi S. , L. Kalabharathi H. , Amoghimath Siddamma
Published: October 2017

Background: Worldwide, 47.5 million people have dementia, with just over half (58%) living in low- and middle-income countries. Every year, there are 7.7 million new cases. The estimated proportion of the general population aged 60 and over with dementia at a given time is between 5 to 8 per 100 people. The total number of people with dementia is projected to be 75.6 million in 2030 and almost triple by 2050 to 135.5 million.Methods: All animals were allowed to acclimatize with laboratory conditions at least two weeks before starting the experiment and they were maintained under the same condition throughout the experiment. They were given food and water ad libitum. The experiments were performed as per the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision on Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) guidelines. The animals were subjected to experimentation between 0900-1600 hours in noise free atmosphere with ambient temperature 23-300ºC.Results: The Pioglitazone treated groups showed statistically significant results in the SDL when compared to the control group (p<0.01 on both days) and the scopolamine group (p<0.01 on both days) on both acquisition day and retention day.Conclusions: There was no significant difference in SDL in standard and Pioglitazone treated groups on both acquisition day and retention day.
A study of clinical profile of neonates with respiratory distress and predictors of their survival admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Palod Pushpak H. , Lawate Bhagwat B. , Sonar Mahesh N. , Bajaj Sneha P.
Published: October 2017

Background: Respiratory disorders are the most frequent cause of admission for neonatal intensive care in both term and preterm infants. The clinical diagnosis of respiratory distress in a newborn is suspected if the respiratory rate is greater than 60 per minute in a quite resting baby, presence of grunting and/or there are inspiratory subcostal/intracostal retractions Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress include cyanosis, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, tachypnea, decreased breath sounds with or without rales and/or rhonchi, and pallor. Objectives of present study were to know the clinical profile and aetiology of neonates with respiratory distress and to study the morbidity and mortality of respiratory distress in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). And to find out the predictors of survival in the neonates admitted with respiratory distress.Methods: Study is done on 281 neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) as a Prospective Cohort and Descriptive Study and Simple Random sampling is used to include neonates in the study. All the neonates included in study were subjected to the following detailed perinatal history and thorough clinical examination of newborns was done.Results: Males outnumber the females in admission. Most of the affected neonates were weighing between 1500g to 2500g (185). Out of total patients of two hundred and eighty-one, there were 35 deaths (12.5%) and 246 patients survived (87.5%). In present study most common causes for respiratory distress were respiratory distress syndrome (31.3%), neonatal septicaemia including pneumonia (28.1%), TTBN (16.7%).Conclusions: The overall survival rate was 87.5%. Male outnumber female on admissions but the survival in females was better than males. Common causes of respiratory distress in our study are RDS, Neonatal septicaemia and TTBN. As the gestation increased the survival also improved. Term neonates had better survival as compared to preterm neonates. Antenatal corticosteroid administration improved the survival.
Influence of seasonal variation on severity and outcomes in acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Saheb Shaik Ateal , Reddy R. Samba Siva
Published: October 2017

Background: Bronchiolitis is a predominant cause of respiratory insufficiency and hospitalization in infants during the first year of their life. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been the major causative virus; other viruses also cause bronchiolitis. Some are activated in winter while another virus in non-winter seasons. This seasonal trend affects the morbidity in infants. In the Indian context, data regarding seasonal influence on the severity and complications of acute bronchiolitis is less. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the influence of season on morbidity on mortality in acute bronchiolitis.Methods: Infants or children <2 years of age, with the first episode of acute bronchiolitis diagnosed clinically, were evaluated. Clinical, demographic, radiological and risk factors were recorded and correlated with seasons.Results: The age of the infants was 4.0±2.9 months. Peak occurrence (87.7%) was within six months of age. 78/105 (74.3%) of bronchiolitis occurred during July to December. 22/105 (20.9%) were mild, 43/105 (43.9%) were moderate, and 40/105 (38.9%) were severe. The order of chest X-ray findings are consolidation <atelectasis <normal <pulmonary infiltrates <bilateral Hyperareation. Apnea was seen in 2.9%, Otitis media in 7.6% and seizures in 3.8% of infants. The season did not show statistically significant trend on the severity of bronchiolitis. There were no infant deaths due to bronchiolitis in the present study.Conclusions: In the present study, the season did not show statistically significant trend on the severity of bronchiolitis. Studies with more extensive population are needed to reassess the seasonal effects on morbidity of acute bronchiolitis.
Effect of zinc therapy in remission of pediatric nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Arya Priyanka , Sharma Indra Kumar , Singh Mukesh Vir
Published: October 2017

Background: Zinc has been used in diarrhea since long but their efficacy in nephrotic syndrome still requires evidences. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of Zinc in nephrotic syndrome among the children in rural population.Methods: Randomized control trial. We included 60 children of age group 6 months - 15 years diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All children were given standard steroid therapy for duration depending on initial or relapse cases while intervention arm (n=30) were given zinc syrup at the dose 10 mg for less than 1 year and 20 mg for more than 1 year for 14 days apart from standard steroid therapy. Duration of remission in both the groups was measured as primary outcome while secondary outcome was duration of hospital stay in both control and study group.Results: Mean number of days taken in remission in study group was 11.8±3.96 days and in control group 18.3±5.14 days (p <0.001). Total duration of study in hospital in study group was 13.07±4.86 days and in control group was 20.50±7.06 days (p <0.001).Conclusions: Zinc significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay and remission in children suffering from nephrotic syndrome.
Prevalence of hypertension in urban school children aged 5 to 10 years in North India
Authors: Das Manoja Kumar , Bhatia Vidyut , Sibal Anupam
Published: October 2017

Background: Blood pressure in children is a known predictor cardiovascular health and outcome in adulthood. Prevalence of hypertension in Indian adults is rising over the years. It is anticipated that the blood pressure in Indian children might have also increased over the years. This study was undertaken to document the prevalence of hypertension among urban school children aged 5-10 years in North India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 28 private schools in urban Faridabad, Haryana. A total of 5636 children aged 5 to 10 years from both sexes undergone blood pressure, height and weight measurement. Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was estimated using the available reference cutoff for Indian children. The prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was compared for different BMI categories and gender. Results: Overall the prevalence of hypertension was 19.7%, while 13.4% children were in pre-hypertensive range. The prevalence of hypertension increased with BMI and age in both sexes. The prevalence of hypertension was higher in girl than boys. Hypertension was documented in 14.6% of the underweight and 20.6% of normal-weight children.Conclusion: A high proportion of children were hypertensive or pre-hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension in under-weight and normal-weight children indicate need for systematic documentation.
A study of etiology and characteristics of febrile convulsions and epilepsy among children
Authors: Pathan Habib G. , Abdul Bari Abdul Naseer , Kokiwar Prashant R.
Published: October 2017

Background: Globally in all parts of the world, epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder of chronic nature. Seizures among children are common and challenging for the pediatrician. The objective of this study was to study etiology and characteristics of febrile convulsions and epilepsy among childrenMethods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre among subjects who had seizures. Subjects were recruited from pediatric ward, consecutively hospitalization of pediatric patients, and of either sex who presented with history of seizures. The data included demographic details and history.Results: Total febrile seizures were 25.46% and overall incidence was around 2.57%. Preponderance of male constituting 62.65% over female 37.35% was observed. Most of the febrile seizures were simple type. Fever due to upper respiratory tract infection was commonest cause. It was not associated with any complications. Epileptic cases were 38.65% of total cases and overall incidence was 3.9%. In this group also, there was male preponderance. It increased with age. Commonest presentations of epileptic seizures were generalized in 67.46%. Most common cause of acute symptomatic seizures was viral encephalitis (28.34%). Numbers of deaths were more in acute symptomatic. Conclusions: As there were no morbidity and mortality with febrile seizures so it is possible to explain the benign nature of febrile seizures to their parents. Acute symptomatic seizures are to be identified and treated immediately.
The coagulation profile of children admitted with dengue fever and correlation with clinical severity
Authors: Balakrishnan Vijayakumar , L Simna L. , Kailas Lalitha
Published: October 2017

Background: Dengue is one of the 17 Neglected Tropical diseases (NTD) addressed in the NTD road map. Objective of present study was to find out the correlation between coagulation profile abnormalities and clinical severity of dengue fever.Methods: All cases of dengue fever in children below 12 years of age admitted to a tertiary care medical college of South India for a period of 18 months (January 2013- June 2014) were included in the study. The liver function tests, prothrombin time, International normalises ratio and activated partial thromboplastin level were estimated and correlated with severity.Results: Of the 306 cases of children admitted with dengue fever, 131 (42.8%) were dengue fever without warning signs, 119 (38.8%) were dengue fever with warning signs and 56 (18.4%) were severe dengue according to WHO guidelines 2012. 20.9% cases had significant PT prolongation, 50.3% had INR >1.1 and 33.3% had aPTT prolongation. Of the 56 cases of severe dengue, 83.9% had PT prolongation, 96.4% had INR >1.1 and 91.1% had significant aPTT prolongation. The mean values of PT, INR and aPTT in severe dengue was 19±3.7sec, 1.5±0.3 and 46±7 sec respectively. These were well above the cut off values and showed statistically significant association with severe dengue (p<0.001) compared to non-severe dengue. Similarly, ALT elevation among the total cases also showed majority (67.3%) in the range of 40-400. Of the 56 cases of severe dengue, 30% had values above 1000 IU/l, 51% had AST levels 40-400, and 16% had 400-1000 and 2.5% below 40. Statistical analysis showed significant difference in AST and ALT elevation among dengue fever without warning signs, dengue fever with warning signs and severe dengue (p<0.001).Conclusions: There is statistically significant association between prolongation of coagulation markers and severity of dengue.
Study of clinical profile of meconium aspiration syndrome in relation to gestational age and birth weight and their immediate outcome at Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, India
Authors: Gangu Dhilli Ravindra Nath , A. Penchalaiah
Published: October 2017

Background: Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid occurs in approximately 13% of live births; this percentage increases with increasing gestational age at delivery. MAS occurs in approximately 5% of infants born through MSAF. This study was undertaken to understand the factors causing MAS and clinical profile of meconium aspiration syndrome in relation to gestational age and birth weight and their immediate outcome.Methods: The present study is a prospective study of 58 neonates admitted to NICU fulfilling the criteria of MAS were included in the study over a period of 2 years. The babies who were born with meconium stained liquor, suctioning was done by the obstetricians first at the delivery of shoulder and then handed over to pediatrician and depending upon whether the meconium is present below the vocal cords or not and whether baby is vigorous or not, endotracheal intubation and bag and tube ventilation was given. The babies with clinical features MAS were admitted to NICU and were observed for their immediate outcome in the hospital.Results: During the study period, out of 4994 deliveries, 882 (17.6%) babies had meconium stained liquor and out of these 882 babies, 58 (6.5%) babies had MAS. Out of 426 cases of respiratory distress admitted to NICU, 58 (13.6%) cases diagnosed of MAS. MAS occurred most commonly in babies having fetal distress and in mothers with history of PIH. It is seen more commonly in babies born through caesarean section and in term babies with mean gestational age of 38-40 weeks of gestation and mean birth weight of 2.68 Kg. It was most commonly associated with babies who were depressed at birth and most common cause of mortality was due to birth asphyxia contributing 37.5% of cases of MAS.Conclusions: MAS is an entity which is commonly seen in term and post term babies with birth weight >2.5 Kg.
Survival and morbidities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Mukherjee Sweta , Shaw Subhash Chandra , Devgan Amit , Srivastava Ajay K , Mallige Ashish
Published: October 2017

Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants often need institutional advanced neonatal care. There is paucity of literature about the survival and morbidities of this very vulnerable group of preterm very low birth weight infants in tertiary care teaching hospitals. The aim of the study was to measure the outcome of VLBW infants in terms of survival and various short-term morbidities in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This was a retrospective data analysis of all VLBW infants born in a tertiary care teaching hospital of eastern India, between 01 July 2014 and 31 December 2016. 35 VLBW infants were studied for the outcomes in terms of survival and morbidities like respiratory distress, apnoea of prematurity, intra ventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity and broncho pulmonary dysplasia.Results: The overall survival rate of VLBW infants weighing >750 g (n=30) was 96.6% and <750 gm (n=5), was 40%. The commonest complications were respiratory distress (65.7%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (74.3%) and suspect early onset sepsis (51.4%) based on maternal risk factors.Conclusions: The majority of VLBW infants above 750 g at birth or ≥ 26 weeks POG, survived in a tertiary care teaching hospital.