bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The activity of human enhancers is modulated by the splicing of their associated lncRNAs
Authors: Tan Jennifer Yihong , Marques Ana Claudia
Published: January 2022

Pervasive enhancer transcription is at the origin of more than half of all long noncoding RNAs in humans. Transcription of enhancer-associated long noncoding RNAs (elncRNA) contribute to their cognate enhancer activity and gene expression regulation in cis. Recently, splicing of elncRNAs was shown to be associated with elevated enhancer activity. However, whether splicing of elncRNA transcripts is a mere consequence of accessibility at highly active enhancers or if elncRNA splicing directly impacts enhancer function, remains unanswered. We analysed genetically driven changes in elncRNA splicing, in humans, to address this outstanding question. We showed that splicing related motifs within multi-exonic elncRNAs evolved under selective constraints during human evolution, suggesting the processing of these transcripts is unlikely to have resulted from transcription across spurious splice sites. Using a genome-wide and unbiased approach, we used nucleotide variants as independent genetic factors to directly assess the causal relationship that underpin elncRNA splicing and their cognate enhancer activity. We found that the splicing of most elncRNAs is associated with changes in chromatin signatures at cognate enhancers and target mRNA expression. We provide evidence that efficient and conserved processing of enhancer-associated elncRNAs contributes to enhancer activity.
Modelling the balance of care: Impact of an evidence-informed policy on a mental health ecosystem
Authors: Almeda Nerea , Garcia-Alonso Carlos R. , Gutierrez-Colosia Mencia R. , Salinas-Perez Jose A. , Iruin-Sanz Alvaro , Salvador-Carulla Luis
Published: January 2022

Major efforts worldwide have been made to provide balanced Mental Health (MH) care. Any integrated MH ecosystem includes hospital and community-based care, highlighting the role of outpatient care in reducing relapses and readmissions. This study aimed (i) to identify potential expert-based causal relationships between inpatient and outpatient care variables, (ii) to assess them by using statistical procedures, and finally (iii) to assess the potential impact of a specific policy enhancing the MH care balance on real ecosystem performance. Causal relationships (Bayesian network) between inpatient and outpatient care variables were defined by expert knowledge and confirmed by using multivariate linear regression (generalized least squares). Based on the Bayesian network and regression results, a decision support system that combines data envelopment analysis, Monte Carlo simulation and fuzzy inference was used to assess the potential impact of the designed policy. As expected, there were strong statistical relationships between outpatient and inpatient care variables, which preliminarily confirmed their potential and a priori causal nature. The global impact of the proposed policy on the ecosystem was positive in terms of efficiency assessment, stability and entropy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that formalized expert-based causal relationships between inpatient and outpatient care variables. These relationships, structured by a Bayesian network, can be used for designing evidence-informed policies trying to balance MH care provision. By integrating causal models and statistical analysis, decision support systems are useful tools to support evidence-informed planning and decision making, as they allow us to predict the potential impact of specific policies on the ecosystem prior to its real application, reducing the risk and considering the population’s needs and scientific findings.
The effectiveness of behaviour change interventions delivered by non-dental health workers in promoting children’s oral health: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Faisal Mehreen Riaz , Mishu Masuma Pervin , Jahangir Faisal , Younes Sabahat , Dogar Omara , Siddiqi Kamran , Torgerson David J.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Dental caries is the most common preventable childhood condition. Non-dental professionals and health workers are often well placed to support parents in adopting positive oral health behaviours for their children. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of behaviour change interventions and their individual component behaviour change techniques (BCTs), that were delivered by non-dental professionals and health workers.

Methods

A systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, TRoPHI and PROQUEST from inception until March 2021 was conducted. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies for improving oral health outcomes in children were included. Quality assessment was carried out using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and ROBINS-I tool. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s regression intercept. Effect sizes were estimated as standardised mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio/risk ratio for proportions. Meta-analyses were performed for studies reporting mean decayed, missing, filled surfaces (dmfs) and mean decayed, missing, filled, teeth (dmft) indices. Behaviour change technique coding was performed using behaviour change technique taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1).

Results

Out of the 9,101 records retrieved, 36 studies were included with 28 showing a significant effect either in clinical and/or behavioural/knowledge outcomes. Most studies (n = 21) were of poor methodological quality. The pooled SMD for caries experience showed statistically significant result for caries prevention at surface level -0.15 (95% CI -0.25, -0.04) and at the tooth level -0.24 (95% CI -0.42, -0.07). In 28 effective interventions, 27 individual BCTs were identified and the most frequently used were: “Instructions on how to perform the behaviour” and “Information about health consequences”.

Conclusion

There is low quality of evidence suggesting non-dental professionals and health workers may help improve oral health outcomes for children. To confirm these findings, further high-quality studies incorporating a variety of BCTs in their interventions for adoption of good oral health behaviours are needed.
Validity and reliability of resiliency measures trialled for the evaluation of a preventative Resilience-promoting social-emotional curriculum for remote Aboriginal school students
Authors: Robinson Gary , Lee Eunro , Leckning Bernard , Silburn Sven , Nagel Tricia , Midford Richard
Published: January 2022

Purpose

We aimed to test the reliability and validity of two brief measures of resilience adopted for the evaluation of a preventative social-emotional curriculum implemented for Aboriginal middle school students from socially disadvantaged remote communities in Australia’s Northern Territory. The questionnaires chosen were intended to measure psychological resilience and socio-cultural resilience as complementary dimensions of the capacity to cope in circumstances of significant life stress and risk of self-harm.

Methods

Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess construct validity of the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), a measure of psychological resilience, and the 12-item Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-12), a measure of socio-cultural resilience, with a sample of 520 students. Associations between resilience and psychological distress and emotional and behavioural difficulty were analysed in relation to life stressors to assess criterion validity of the scales.

Results

CFA provided support for the validity of the respective constructs. There was good fit for both scales. However, assessment of criterion validity of the scales suggested that the adapted measure of socio-cultural resilience (CYRM-12NT) showed higher reliability and a clearer indication of predictive validity than the measure of psychological resilience (CD-RISC-10).

Conclusions

The CYRM-12NT appears to be a more useful measure of resilience among Aboriginal youth exposed to significant life stress and disadvantage. However, both measures may require further development to enhance their validity and utility among potentially at-risk adolescents in socially, culturally and linguistically diverse remote Aboriginal communities.
Portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) calibration for analysis of nutrient concentrations and trace element contaminants in fertilisers
Authors: Acquah Gifty E. , Hernandez-Allica Javier , Thomas Cathy L. , Dunham Sarah J. , Towett Erick K. , Drake Lee B. , Shepherd Keith D. , McGrath Steve P. , Haefele Stephan M.
Published: January 2022

With the increasing popularity of local blending of fertilisers, the fertiliser industry faces issues regarding quality control and fertiliser adulteration. Another problem is the contamination of fertilisers with trace elements that have been shown to subsequently accumulate in the soil and be taken up by plants, posing a danger to the environment and human health. Conventional characterisation methods necessary to ensure the quality of fertilisers and to comply with local regulations are costly, time consuming and sometimes not even accessible. Alternatively, using a wide range of unamended and intentionally amended fertilisers this study developed empirical calibrations for a portable handheld X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer, determined the reliability for estimating the macro and micro nutrients and evaluated the use of the pXRF for the high-throughput detection of trace element contaminants in fertilisers. The models developed using pXRF for Mg, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn and Mo had R2 values greater or equal to 0.97. These models also performed well on validation, with R2 values greater or equal to 0.97 (except for Fe, R2val = 0.55) and slope values ranging from 0.81 to 1.44. A second set of models were developed with a focus on trace elements in amended fertilisers. The R2 values of calibration for Co, Ni, As, Se, Cd and Pb were greater than or equal to 0.80. At concentrations up to 1000 mg kg-1, good validation statistics were also obtained; R2 values ranged from 0.97–0.99, except in one instance. The regression coefficients of the validation also had good prediction in the range of 0–100 mg kg-1 (R2 values were from 0.78–0.99), but not as well at lower concentrations up to 20 mg kg-1 (R2 values ranged from 0.10–0.99), especially for Cd. This study has demonstrated that pXRF can measure several major (P, Ca) and micro (Mn, Fe, Cu) nutrients, as well as trace elements and potential contaminants (Cr, Ni, As) in fertilisers with high accuracy and precision. The results obtained in this study is good, especially considering that loose powders were scanned for a maximum of 90 seconds without the use of a vacuum pump.
Interchangeability of biosimilars: A study of expert views and visions regarding the science and substitution
Authors: Druedahl Louise C. , Kälvemark Sporrong Sofia , Minssen Timo , Hoogland Hans , De Bruin Marie Louise , van de Weert Marco , Almarsdóttir Anna Birna
Published: January 2022

Healthcare systems have reached a critical point regarding the question of whether biosimilar substitution should become common practice. To move the discussion forward, the study objective was to investigate the views of experts from medicines agencies and the pharmaceutical industry on the science underpinning interchangeability of biosimilars. We conducted an empirical qualitative study using semi-structured interviews informed by a cross-disciplinary approach encompassing regulatory science, law, and pharmaceutical policy. In total 25 individuals with experience within biologics participated during September 2018–August 2019. Eight participants were EU national medicines authority regulators, and 17 had pharmaceutical industry background: five from two originator-only companies, four from two companies with both biosimilar and originator products, and eight from seven biosimilar-only companies. Two analysts independently conducted inductive content analysis, resulting in data-driven themes capturing the meaning of the data. The participants reported that interchangeability was more than a scientific question of likeness between biosimilar and reference products: it also pertained to regulatory practices and trust. Participants were overall confident in the science behind exchanging biosimilar products for the reference products via switching, i.e., with physician involvement. However, their opinions differed regarding the scientific risk associated with biosimilar substitution, i.e., without physician involvement. Almost all participants saw no need for additional scientific data to support substitution. Moreover, the participants did not believe that switching studies, as required in the US, were appropriate for obtaining scientific certainty due to their small size. It is unclear why biosimilar switching is viewed as scientifically safer than substitution; therefore, we expect greater policy debate on biosimilar substitution in the near future. We urge European and UK policymakers and regulators to clarify their visions for biosimilar substitution; the positions of these two frontrunners are likely to influence other jurisdictions on the future of biosimilar use.
Clinical significance of additional gastrectomy after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Jeong Uicheon , Bang Ho Yoon , Kim Pyeong Su
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Additional surgery is recommended for patients after a non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to prevent residual cancer (RC) or lymph node metastasis (LNM). We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients who underwent an additional gastrectomy after a non-curative ESD procedure and identify the risk factors of RC and LNM.Methods: We retrospectively assessed the clinicopathological factors of 73 patients who underwent additional gastrectomy following a non-curative ESD between January 2009 and December 2019 at our center.Results: RC and LNM rates after additional gastrectomy were 9.6% and 8.2%, respectively. Invasion deeper than 500 μm (P = 0.045), positive horizontal resection margin (P < 0.001), and positive ESD margin (P = 0.001) were identified as statistically significant factors in univariate analysis for RC, but not in multivariate analysis. Lymphatic invasion was the only risk factor found to be significant in both univariate and multivariate analyses (P = 0.005 and P = 0.012).Conclusion: Additional gastrectomy is necessary to prevent RC or LNM after non-curative ESD. Lymphatic invasion was also associated with LNM in patients who underwent an additional gastrectomy after a non-curative ESD, and in such cases, active treatment is required.
Initial experience with laparoscopic posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy in single tertiary center
Authors: Han Jeong Hee , Lee Byoung Chul , Park Young Mok , Jung Hyuk Jae , Kim Dong-il , Choi Jung Bum
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Laparoscopic posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy (LPRA) is a surgical method that accesses the adrenal gland through the back. The aim of this study was to report initial experience of LPRA and evaluate possibilities for surgical application.Methods: From March 2018 to December 2019, a total of 30 consecutive patients diagnosed with adrenal tumor underwent surgical treatment at Pusan National University Hospital were enrolled. Clinicopathologic features and various peri- and postoperative parameters were analyzed by retrospective medical record review. The mean age of the patients was 48.20 ± 13.66 years.Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.50 ± 4.30 kg/m2 . Primary hyperaldosteronism was the most frequently preoperative diagnosed disease (n = 13, 43.4%), followed by adrenal incidentaloma (n = 8, 26.6%), Cushing syndrome (n = 5, 16.6%) and pheochromocytoma (n = 4, 13.3%). The mean size of postoperative adrenal tumor was 2.72 ± 1.76 cm. The mean operating time was 162 ± 58.14 minutes. Among the 30 patients, 28 patients underwent total adrenalectomy (93.3%) and two patients underwent cortical sparing adrenalectomy (6.7%). When LPRA was performed for patients with BMI > 23.16 kg/m2 , the operating time was longer than the average (P = 0.016).Conclusion: LPRA was suitable and safe for patients with benign adrenal tumors. BMI, retroperitoneal fat density and postoperative adrenal weight may be related to the operating time, so they should be considered when deciding on a surgical method for adrenalectomy.
Safety of immediate use of totally implantable venous access ports in adult patients with cancer: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Lee Jisu , Hur Sung Mo , Kim Zisun , Lim Cheol Wan
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) can be used long-term for safe administration of intravenous drugs. TIVAP complications include catheter-related infections, venous thrombosis, extravasation, TIVAP migration, and pain. The relationship between the timing of the first chemotherapy administration after port implantation and complications is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the safety of immediate use of TIVAPs and the associated risk factors for complications.Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2018, 305 patients (median age, 53 years; 256 women) who underwent TIVAP placement at our institution were included. Chemotherapy was administered within 2 days of implantation. A retrospective analysis of patients’ clinical data was performed to investigate catheter days and complications of TIVAPs.Results: Overall, 305 patients were evaluated over 57,324 catheter days (median, 168 catheter days; interquartile range, 105). The median interval between placement and first use of TIVAPs was 0.98 days. The overall morbidity rate was 2.95%. Nine complications occurred in nine patients, including TIVAP-related infection (4), pain (2), port occlusion (1), thrombosis (1), and scar disunion (1), of which five required port removal (1.64%). The median number of catheter days before complications occurred was 61 (range, 10–457 days; interquartile range, 51). No complications occurred within 7 days of implantation. Body mass index was an independent risk factor for TIVAP-related complications in the Cox proportional hazards model (multivariable analysis: hazard ratio, 1.221; 95% confidence interval, 1.054–1.414; P = 0.008).Conclusion: This study suggests the safe long-term use of TIVAPs following their immediate chemotherapy administration within 2 days of implantation.
Video-assisted transthoracic liver resection in patients with marginal liver function: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jung Ryong Ho , Kim Hyug Won , Yoon Sam-Youl
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely performed by hepatobiliary surgeons for malignancy of liver and gained wide acceptance for various liver tumors, thanks to advances in surgical techniques and devices. But, there are some challenges for right side tumor in patients of cirrhotic liver. Especially, tumor located in right upper area is difficult for wedge resection in patients with marginal liver function, because trans-abdominal approach requires normal parenchymal dissection. Radiofrequency wave ablation is also difficult for such a lesion. So, we demonstrate unique technique of video-assisted transthoracic liver resection (VTLR) for overcome right upper side tumor abutting diaphragm.Methods: Four patients underwent VTLR. Four ports in right chest wall were created by a chest surgeon and diaphragm was open. Then traction of the diaphragm was done by suture. After exposure of liver surface, tumor localization was done by ultrasound. The mass excision was done by ultrasonic shear.Results: Four patients were discharged without complications within 11.3 days (range, 6–15 days). On average, patients started to consume a normal diet on an average of 2.4 days (range, 1–4 days).Conclusion: VTLR is could be performed by an experienced surgeon and chest surgeon for right upper liver malignancy abutting diaphragm in patient of marginal liver function.
Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Modification of Underutilized
Chenopodium album Starch and its Characterization
Authors: Singh Renuka , Singh Sukhcharn , Saxena D.C.
Published: January 2022

The present study was designed to investigate the changes occur on Chenopodium album starch (CAS)
after modification through quasi emulsion solvent diffusion (QESD) method. Modification of starch
was carried out by HCl (0.1, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1M) followed by precipitation. The QESD modification
significantly reduced the amylose content, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, solubility
as well as swelling power of treated starch. Gelatinization behaviour of modified starch showed an
increase in pasting temperature. The SEM images showed the formation of regular and spherical
shaped larger starch particles. There was an improvement in crystallinity from 20.01 to 29.86% after
modification as shown in X-ray analysis. Overall, it indicates that QESD treatment results into formation
of spherical crystalline agglomerates.
In silico, ADMET and Docking Analysis for the Compounds of Chloroform Extract of
Tinospora cardifolia (Wild.) Identified by GC-MS and Spectral Analysis for
Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Kumar D. Senthil , Karthikeyan D. , Roy Biswabara
Published: January 2022

The present study was aimed to phytochemical and GC-MS analysis for chloroform extract of Tinospora
cardifolia. The structure of the compounds was further confirmed by UV-spectroscopy and FTIR
study. The in silico study like molecular, physico-chemical and drug likeliness property was carried
out by computational approaches for the identified molecules. Further toxicity potential and
pharmacokinetic profile were also determined. The study was carried out using OSIRIS data warrior
and Swiss ADME tools. The docking analysis was carried out for the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory
profiles. The compounds were targeted for α-glucosidase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor,
glucose transporter-1, cyclo-oxygenase-1 & 2 inhibitions. There were around 12 compounds identified
by GC-MS analysis. All the compounds exhibited moderate to good drug likeliness and pharmacokinetic
potentials. The molecules showed a good bioactivity score against enzyme receptors. The ADMET
prediction showed PGP and CYP-inhibitory effects with the least toxic profile. The docking analysis
showed strong binding affinity of [1S-(1α,3aα,4α,6aα)]-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan tetrahydrophenyl
(molecule-7) on targeted proteins under investigation.
Optimization and Evaluation of Piperine Loaded Herbosomes
for their Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential
Authors: Joshi Gayatri , Tiwari Abhishek , Upadhyay Prashant
Published: January 2022

Piperine is classified as a class II drug in the biopharmaceutical classification system due to its low
aqueous solubility. As a result, piperine herbosomes were created to improve the dissolution rate and
in vivo liver protecting activity of piperine and physico-chemical characteristics were used to confirm
herbosome formation. The piperine-herbosome formulation revealed spherical particle size of all
formulations from P1-P10 and found142.4 ± 0.98 nm for best piperine-herbosome formulation (P2)
and a PDI value of 0.237, indicating a homogeneous population of piperine loaded vesicles. In vitro
drug release rate and percent entrapment efficiency were determined for all formulations P1-P25 and
found to be 95.306 ± 0.21 and 97.306 ± 0.65 in 12 h, respectively for best piperine-herbosome
formulation (P2). It exemplifies the complex’s long-term releasing capability. This information suggests
that it may have a longer retention time inside the body, extending the duration of effect. The antioxidant
potential of pure piperine was determined using the DPPH scavenging method, with an IC50 value of
107.59 ± 0.11 g/mL compared to a formulation with an IC50 value of 93.926 ± 0.03 g/mL. Swiss
albino mice of either sex were utilized for the evaluation of hepatoprotective activity. On the 8th day,
the hepatotoxicity was caused by giving a single oral dosage of CCl4 (0.5 mL) and the parameters
were evaluated on the 9th day. This formulation has the best optimized based on drug content and drug
entrapment. Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
(SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin were among the biochemical markers measured.
In comparison to normal control (161 ± 0.31 IU/L, 52.78 ± 0.28 IU/L, 121.12 ± 0.14 IU/L and 0.633
± 1.44 IU/L) and P2 formulation (163.23 ± 0.49 IU/L, 66.9 ± 0.05 IU/L, 128.3 ± 1.15 IU/L and 0.645
± 0.67 IU/L respectively).
Avaliação, Monitoramento e Melhoria da Qualidade na APS
Authors: Tomasi Elaine , Nedel Fúlvio Borges , Barbosa Allan Claudius  Queiroz
Published: January 2022

Esta nota técnica se insere no conjunto de ações desenvolvidas pela Rede de Pesquisa em Atenção Primária à Saúde e apresenta sua posição sobre avaliação, monitoramento e melhoria da qualidade na APS. Em um contexto de grave crise sanitária que desnuda as dificuldades institucionais, financeiras e operativas de resposta à situação de saúde,  situa o debate e traz proposições que fortalecem uma prática avaliativa como instrumento essencial para o aprimoramento e fortalecimento de ações que potencializam o papel da APS no contexto do SUS. Estas notas abordam: a avaliação no contexto da APS em uma perspectiva histórica e institucional que situa sua relevância na própria trajetória do SUS. A importância de compreender os conceitos, métricas e indicadores e apropriá-los ao debate qualificado no âmbito da APS. Uma posição para a Rede APS em termos de desafios e proposições, visando a uma APS mais forte que nunca.

 

Palavras-chave: APS, Avaliação, Monitoramento, Qualidade.

 

Abstract

This technical report is part of the set of actions developed by the Primary Health Care Research Network and presents its position on evaluation, monitoring and quality improvement in PHC. In a context of serious health crisis that exposes the institutional, financial and operational difficulties in responding to the health situation, it situates the debate and brings proposals that strengthen an evaluative practice as an essential instrument for the improvement and strengthening of actions that enhance the role of PHC in the context of the SUS. These notes address: the assessment in the context of PHC in a historical and institutional perspective that locates its relevance in the trajectory of the SUS. The importance of understanding the concepts, metrics and indicators and appropriating them to the qualified debate within the PHC. A position for the APS Network in terms of challenges and propositions, aiming for a stronger APS than ever.

Keywords: PHS, assessing, monitoring, quality.
Educação Musical e Autorregulação da Aprendizagem no Ensino Básico e Superior / Music Education and Self-Regulation of Learning in Basic and Higher Education
Authors: Oliveira Iuri Ozires Sobreira de , Silva João Carlos Sedraz , Vasconcelos Gibran Medeiros Chaves de
Published: January 2022

Resumo: A busca por formas de ensino aprendizagem em música, apontam a cada dia para modelos distantes do modelo conservatorial (PENNA; SOBREIRA,2020). Dentre as novas abordagens propostas, destaca-se o autogerenciamento cognitivo, atitude relacionadas a autorregulação da aprendizagem. Esta revisão de literatura, realizada no período de julho de 2018 a julho de 2019, teve como objetivo buscar na literatura disponível, pesquisas que identificam comportamentos de Autorregulação da Aprendizagem em alunos de música no Ensino Básico e Superior. Foram analisados trabalhos nos últimos 10 anos voltados para o ensino da música e estratégias de autorregulação da aprendizagem. Os resultados encontrados apontam os comportamentos autorregulados dos alunos e demonstram que aprendizes autorregulados tendem a desenvolver melhor suas atividades de aquisição do conhecimento e aqueles que não tem esse perfil, podem desenvolvê-lo a partir da adoção de práticas de ensino propostas pelo professor que estimulem atitudes e estratégias autorregulatórias.Palavras-chave: Autorregulação; ensino; aprendizagem; Educação musical.Abstract: The search for ways of teaching and learning in music point each day to models that are far from the conservative model (PENNA; SOBREIRA, 2020). Among the new approaches proposed, cognitive self-management stands out, an attitude related to self-regulation of learning. This literature review, carried out from July 2018 to July 2019, aimed to search the available literature for research that identify Self-Regulation Learning behaviors in music students in Basic and Higher Education. Works in the last 10 years focused on music teaching and self-regulation learning strategies were analyzed. The results found indicate the self-regulated behaviors of students and demonstrate that self-regulated learners tend to better develop their knowledge acquisition activities and those who do not have this profile can develop it based on the adoption of teaching practices proposed by the teacher that encourage attitudes and self-regulatory strategies.Keywords: Self-regulation; teaching; learning; musical education.
Ocorrência de Lesão Pulmonar Aguda relacionada à Transfusão em Hospital de Referência do Ceará: Relato de Caso / Occurrence of Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury in a Reference Hospital of Ceará: Case Report
Authors: Costa Hermínia Moreira Coelho da
Published: January 2022

Lesão pulmonar aguda relacionada à transfusão (TRALI –Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury) é uma complicação grave da transfusão sanguínea que cursa essencialmente com desconforto respiratório durante ou dentro de 6 horas depois de completada a transfusão. Apesar de ser considerada rara e a lesão pulmonar ser geralmente transitória, traz preocupação aos profissionais da área da saúde, visto que está associada à alta morbidade dos pacientes que necessitaram de suporte ventilatório, assim como a alta mortalidade. Sua incidência não está bem estabelecida, muito devido à falta de preparo para identificar os casos suspeitos. Assim, os relatos de casos ganham relevância tanto para contribuir que o diagnóstico desta patologia seja alcançado com mais facilidade quanto para estimular que os casos sejam notificados. O presente relato descreve a ocorrência de TRALI em paciente no segundo dia de pós-operatório de cesárea por pré- eclâmpsia e síndrome Hellp que evoluiu com suspeita de hemoperitônio sendo submetida a laparotomia exploratória (LE).---Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious complication of blood transfusion that evolves mainly with respiratory distress during or within 6 hours after transfusion. Although considered rare and is usually transient lung injury, she brings concern to health professionals, as it is associated with high morbidity of patients requiring ventilatory support, as well as the high mortality. Its incidence is not well established, much due to lack of preparation to identify suspected cases. Thus, case reports gain relevance to contribute to the diagnosis of this condition is more easily achieved as to stimulate the cases are reported. This report describes the occurrence of TRALI in a patient on the second day after surgery by cesarean preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome who developed suspected hemoperitoneum and underwent exploratory laparotomy (LE).
Canagliflozin: from glycemic control to improvement of cardiovascular and renal prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Resolution of Advisory Board
Authors: Shestakova M. V. , Ametov A. S. , Antsiferov M. B. , Bardymova T. P. , Valeeva F. V. , Galstyan G. R. , Demidova T. Yu. , Karpova I. A. , Kiseleva T. P. , Mayorov A. Yu. , Mkrtumyan A. M. , Nedogoda S. V. , Petunina N. А. , Ruyatkina L. A. , Suplotova L. A. , Sukhareva O. Yu. , Fadeev V. V. , Shamkhalova M. S.
Published: January 2022

Inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2i) are a modern class of antihyperglycemic drugs with an insulin-independent mechanism of action. Due to its ability to effectively lower blood glucose levels, improve a number of other cardiometabolic parameters (body weight, blood pressure, uric acid), as well as reduce cardiovascular and renal risks, SGLT2i have become drugs of choice for many of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Meanwhile, along with the generally recognized classes-effects of this group of drugs, there are intragroup features, including those associated with their different selectivity in sodium-glucose cotransporters of types 1 and 2 (SGLT1 and SGLT 2). For example, one of the most studied SGLT2i, canagliflozin, in addition to its inhibitory activity against SGLT2, can also moderately block SGLT1 in the intestine and kidneys that could give a maximum efficiency in the control glycemia and others cardiometabolic parameters. In addition, canagliflozin improves not only cardiovascular, but also renal prognosis in patients with T2DM, which is reflected in the corresponding indications in the summary of product characteristics of the drug. This document summarize the established and new data regarding the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, as well as its place in the treatment of T2DM.
Stability Analysis of Mathematical Modeling of Interaction between Target Cells and COVID-19 Infected Cells
Authors: Sugiyanto Sugiyanto , Hamid Mansoor Abdul , Adianta Alya , Jayanti Hanny Puspha , Luthfi Muhammad Ja'far
Published: January 2022

The stability analysis in this mathematical model was related to the infection of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). In this mathematical model there were two balance points, namely the point of balance free from Covid-19 and the one infected with Covid-19. The stability of the equilibrium point was influenced by all parameters, i.e. target cells die during each cycle, number of target cells at Â = 0, target cells infected during each cycle based on virion unit density, effective surface area of the network, the ratio of the number of virus particles to the number of virions, infected cells die during each cycle, the number of virus particles produced by each infected cell during each cycle, and virus particles die during each cycle. In the simulation model, immunity is divided into high, medium and low immunity. For high, moderate and low immunity, respectively, the highest number of target cells is in high, medium and low immunity, whereas for the number of infected cells and the number of Covid-19, it is in the opposite sequence of the number of target cells.
A Theological Engagement with the Science of Science Skepticism
Authors: Reeves Josh
Published: January 2022

When Christians reject the claims of scientific experts, are they being irrational? Much of recent discussion in scholarly and popular media have discussed science denialism by conservative Christians, linking a low view of scientific expertise to the United States’ current political turmoil. This paper will focus on scientific explanations of science skepticism, asking whether there is anything unique to religious communities that make them vulnerable to misinformation.
ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE SIZE OF FLAKE GRAPHITE INCLUSIONS AND ITS VOLUME CONTENT ON THE ACOUSTIC PARAMETERS OF CAST IRON AND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTRASONIC LONGITUDINAL WAVE SIGNALS
Authors: Danilov V. N. , Voronkova L. V.
Published: January 2022

Algorithms have been presented for calculating the velocity (in the approximation of a fine-layered model) and the attenuation coefficient of a longitudinal ultrasonic wave in cast iron, depending on the average size of graphite elements and its volume content, the calculation results for which are qualitatively confirmed experimentally. The calculation was performed using a fine-layered model of the structure, the graphite inclusions were described in the form of plane-parallel layers placed in an isotropic elastic medium (metal base). Computer simulation of acoustic paths for a mediumcast iron with flake graphite for standard direct converters is carried out in order to study the influence of such a medium on the characteristics of transmitted and received signals during ultrasonic testing. In the course of the research, a previously developed model was used to calculate the attenuation coefficient of longitudinal waves in cast iron with flake graphite due to their Rayleigh and phase scattering on graphite inclusions. Computer simulation of the acoustic characteristics of the signals of a direct linear probe with a phased array in cast iron with flake graphite was carried out, during which the shape of the acoustic pulses of the longitudinal wave was calculated, depending on the distance traveled by the wave and the value of the attenuation coefficient for various models of cast iron. The main modeled characteristics of the transducer include the directivity characteristic and the change in the signal amplitude along the acoustic axis. It is shown that for cast iron with flake graphite, there are cases when the directivity of the probe with a phased array transmitted into the cast iron is practically absent.
To, co może nam przypomnieć Szkoła Chicagowska z lat 20. i 30. XX w. Dyskusja na temat uwspólniania założeń geografii społecznej i socjologii miasta
Authors: Nowak Marek
Published: January 2022

Artykuł jest głosem w dyskusji na temat wspólnej przestrzeni paradygmatycznej geografii społecznej oraz socjologii miasta w odwołaniu do „miejsca”. Tezy opracowania przeciwstawiają sobie dwa sposoby rozumienia relacji pomiędzy dyscyplinami: „uwspólniania” oraz „podzielania”, wskazując na znaczenie tego pierwszego w nawiązaniu do tradycji badawczej socjologicznej Szkoły Chicagowskiej z lat 20. i 30. XX w. Stanowiska i praktyki empiryczne, które wówczas wytworzono doskonale wpisują się w dyskusję, która towarzyszyła usamodzielnianiu się geografii społecznej, będąc jednocześnie jednym z niezwykle wpływowych nurtów socjologii miasta. Tekst eksploatuje analitycznie trzy opracowania poświęcone Szkole Chicagowskiej, które ukazywały się od drugiej połowy lat 90. XX w. Osobnym wątkiem jest pojmowanie paradygmatu empirycznego, a w jego ramach rozumienie mix methods, jako przykład „uwspólniania” praktyk badawczych na gruncie koncepcji paradygmatu empirycznego. Wnioski z opracowania zmierzają do zaproponowania konwencji mix methods dla studiów interdyscyplinarnych socjologii miasta i geografii społecznej.
Przestrzeń kulturowa: poszukiwanie nowych epistemologii
Authors: Rewers Ewa
Published: January 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu są zmiany zachodzące w badaniach nad przestrzeniami kulturowymi wywołane kryzysem teoriopoznawczym w obszarze badań nad kulturą i przebiegające równolegle z dyskusjami dotyczącymi nowych teorii miejskich. W artykule postawiono cztery tezy: 1) nauka poznaje i performuje przestrzenie; 2) studia kulturowe rozwijają zwrot przestrzenny, zwrot topograficzny i zwrot geograficzny; 3) zwrot przestrzenny uaktywnia pułapki w badaniach transdziedzinowych; 4) urbanizacja jest planetarną praktyką kulturalizacji przestrzeni. Wychodząc z założenia, że przestrzeń stanowi nie tylko przedmiot poznania, lecz także konstrukt badań naukowych (zwroty: przestrzenny, geograficzny, topograficzny i ekologiczny), poszukuje się odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie miejsce zajmują czynniki i przestrzenie kulturowe w nowych epistemologiach miejskości.
BABA, ŻABA I KROWA, CZYLI ROZWAŻANIA O TYM, JAK DAWNE SĄ LUDOWE WIERZENIA O ŻABIE WYSYSAJĄCEJ MLEKO KROWIE
Authors: WITCZAK KRZYSZTOF TOMASZ
Published: January 2022

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the archaic status of the Polish folk beliefs about certain amphibians (frogs, toads) and reptiles (snakes, lizards, salamanders) believed to have sucked milk from cows. Some Polish peasants were even convinced that milk cows loved suckers (esp. snakes, frogs) more than their calves. There are many folk tales where a witch or a mythical creature assumes the form of a armful animal to suck cow’s milk. The author demonstrates that the oldest part of these beliefs can be traced to the Proto-Indo-European cultural heritage. In fact, some Indo-European languages have preserved a clear indication of animal cow-suckers in their vocabulary, e.g. Ukr. молокосúс m. ‘lizard, salamander’ (literally ‘milk-sucker’); Lith. žaltỹs, žalktỹs m. ‘a not-venomous snake, esp. the grass snake, the slow worm’, Latv. zalktis, zaltis m. ‘snake’, Latg. zalkts m. ‘the grass snake’ (< PIE. *ĝolh2ktii̯os adj. ‘delighting in milk’ < PIE. *ĝl̥h2kt- n. ‘milk’); OInd. gōdhā́- f. ‘a big lizard’ (< PIE. *gu̯h3eu̯-dheh1- f. ‘a cow-sucker’, cf. PIE. *gu̯h3eu̯s f. ‘cow’ and *dheh1- ‘to suck’); Lat. būfō m. ‘a toad’ (< PIE. *gu̯h3eu̯-dhh1-ōn- m. ‘a cowsucker’); Alb. thithëlopë, also blloçkëlopë f. ‘common toad’ (literally ‘sucking/ chewing cows’); Hitt. akuu̯akuu̯aš c. ‘a toad’ (literally ‘sucking cows’, cf. Hitt. aku- ‘to drink’). It is assumed that the Indo-European beliefs were associated with breeding of cattle and were an attempt at a rational (or not) explanation of the alleged cause of poor lactation or cows’ milk loss. It is likely that the ailing animal was perceived as possessed by a demonic character, although the association of an animal with a witch or a devil was made relatively late and probably under the influence of beliefs from Western Europe.
Primary Erlotinib Resistance in a Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Carrying Simultaneous Compound EGFR L718A, Q849H, and L858R Mutations
Authors: Mirtavoos-mahyari Hanifeh , Rismani Elham , Lotfabadi Alireza Sarkar , Dezfouli Azizollah Abbasi , Sheikhy Kambiz , Dezfuli Mojtaba Mokhber , Heshmatnia Jalal
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase domain are studied in targeted therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors including gefitinib and erlotinib. The present study reports a rare case of a patient harboring three simultaneous EGFR mutations (L718A, Q849H, and L858R). The development of erlotinib resistance was detected in the subsequent treatment. Using a computational approach, the current study investigated the conformational changes of wild-type and mutant EGFR's kinase domains in the interaction with erlotinib. Their binding modes with erlotinib were elucidated during molecular dynamics simulation, where higher fluctuations were detected in the mutated forms of the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain. Prediction of stability and functional effect of mutations revealed that amino acidic substitutions have decreased the protein stability as well as the binding affinity to erlotinib. These results may be useful for a recommendation of EGFR mutational analysis for patients with NSCLC carcinoma.
Effect of moving stretching sheets on natural convection in partially heated square cavity filled with nanofluid
Authors: Kumar Anil , Rao Pentyala Srinivasa
Published: January 2022

This article deals with the heat transfer enhancement due to buoyancy force in a partially heated square enclosure filled with nanofluids. The model is developed to analyse the behaviour of nanofluids taking into account of volume fraction and stretching parameter, when square horizontal walls are moving in opposite directions to each other. Implicit alternate direct finite difference method has been used to solve the governing equations of vorticity, energy, and kinematics. Graphically investigated the effect of physical pertinent controlling parameters on the dimensionless velocity, streamlines, isothermal, and Nusselt number. The obtained numerical solution achieves the best configuration for Rayleigh number 103 ≤ Ra ≤ 105, stretching parameter 0 ≤ τ ≤ 2.5, and volume fraction 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.2. It is found that the stretching parameter and direction of moving walls affect the fluid flow, flow strength, and heat transfer in the cavity.
GC-rich repeat expansions: associated disorders and mechanisms
Authors: Schröder Christopher , Horsthemke Bernhard , Depienne Christel
Published: January 2022

Noncoding repeat expansions are a well-known cause of genetic disorders mainly affecting the central nervous system. Missed by most standard technologies used in routine diagnosis, pathogenic noncoding repeat expansions have to be searched for using specific techniques such as repeat-primed PCR or specific bioinformatics tools applied to genome data, such as ExpansionHunter. In this review, we focus on GC-rich repeat expansions, which represent at least one third of all noncoding repeat expansions described so far. GC-rich expansions are mainly located in regulatory regions (promoter, 5′ untranslated region, first intron) of genes and can lead to either a toxic gain-of-function mediated by RNA toxicity and/or repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation, or a loss-of-function of the associated gene, depending on their size and their methylation status. We herein review the clinical and molecular characteristics of disorders associated with these difficult-to-detect expansions.
The Retrieval-Related Anterior Shift Is Moderated by Age and Correlates with Memory Performance
Authors: Srokova Sabina , Hill Paul F. , Rugg Michael D.
Published: January 2022

Recent research suggests that episodic memory is associated with systematic differences in the localization of neural activity observed during memory encoding and retrieval. The retrieval-related anterior shift is a phenomenon whereby the retrieval of a stimulus event (e.g., a scene image) is associated with a peak neural response which is localized more anteriorly than the response elicited when the stimulus is experienced directly. Here, we examine whether the magnitude of the anterior shift (i.e., the distance between encoding- and retrieval-related response peaks) is moderated by age, and also whether the shift is associated with memory performance. Younger and older human subjects of both sexes underwent fMRI as they completed encoding and retrieval tasks on word-face and word-scene pairs. We localized peak scene and face selectivity for each individual participant within the face-selective precuneus and in three scene-selective (parahippocampal place area [PPA], medial place area, occipital place area) ROIs. In line with recent findings, we identified an anterior shift in the PPA and occipital place area in both age groups and, in older adults only, in the medial place area and precuneus also. Of importance, the magnitude of the anterior shift was larger in older than in younger adults. The shift within the PPA exhibited an age-invariant across-participant negative correlation with source memory performance, such that a smaller displacement between encoding- and retrieval-related neural activity was associated with better performance. These findings provide novel insights into the functional significance of the anterior shift, especially in relation to memory decline in older age.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCognitive aging is associated with reduced ability to retrieve precise details of previously experienced events. The retrieval-related anterior shift is a phenomenon in which category-selective cortical activity at retrieval is localized anterior to the peak activity at encoding. The shift is thought to reflect a bias at retrieval in favor of semantic and abstract information at the expense of low-level perceptual detail. Here, we report that the anterior shift is exaggerated in older relative to younger adults, and we demonstrate that a larger shift in the parahippocampal place area is associated with poorer memory performance. These findings suggest that the shift is sensitive to increasing age and that it is moderated by the quality and content of the retrieved episode.