bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nyugdíjcélú megtakarítási hajlandóság Magyarországon
Authors: Rádóczy Klaudia
Published: September 2021

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

A tanulmány célja a nyugdíjcélú megtakarítási hajlandóság vizsgálata az életkor és a megtakarítási hajlandóság függvényében. Jelen tanulmány a nyugdíjrendszer által meghatározott környezeti tényezők rövid bemutatása mellett, a nyugdíjcélú megtakarítási hajlandóságot és képességet befolyásoló emberi tényezőkre helyezi a hangsúlyt.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

A tanulmányban a nyugdíjcélú megtakarítási hajlandóság életkor szerinti sajátosságait, valamit a megtakarítási hajlandóság és a megtakarítási képesség kapcsolatát egy logisztikus regressziós modell segítségével vizsgálom meg. A logisztikus regressziós modell eredményváltozója azt vizsgálja, hogy a válaszadó rendelkezett-e nyugdíjcélú megtakarítással az elmúlt 12 hónapban. A megtakarítási képességet a biztonsági tartalék képzés képességén keresztül ragadom meg. Az elemzés a Global Financial Inclusion felmérés (2017) alapján készült.

A KUTATÁS LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEI, ÚJDONSÁGOK

A kutatás legfontosabb eredménye annak bemutatása, hogy Magyarországon az idősebb kohorszok nagyobb valószínűséggel valósítanak meg nyugdíjcélú megtakarításokat, mint a fiatalabb generációk. A nyugdíjcélú megtakarítások aránya az 56-65 éves korosztályban a legmagasabb. Fontos eredmény továbbá, hogy a biztonsági tartalékokkal rendelkező válaszadók nagyobb valószínűséggel valósítanak meg nyugdíjcélú megtakarításokat is, mint azok, akik nem rendelkeznek ilyen tartalékokkal. Ezzel igazolható a nyugdíjcélú megtakarítások és a megtakarítási hajlandóság közötti pozitív kapcsolat.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

A vizsgálat alapján jól látható, hogy Magyarország esetében a nyugdíjcélú megtakarításokkal rendelkezők aránya alacsony 25,7%, de ez az arány világviszonylatban sem magasabb. Felmerül a kérdés, hogy ez az alacsony arány a nyugdíjrendszerek hibáinak tudható be, vagy az emberi természetből fakadó korlátok következményeit figyelhetjük meg.

Köszönetnyilvánítás: A tanulmány az „EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00004. Átfogó fejlesztések a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen az intelligens szakosodás megvalósítása érdekében (Időskori döntéshozatal projektelem, 11. téma)” című pályázat támogatásával készült.
Approaches to Reduce or Eliminate the Risks of Sight Tests in Alberta
Authors: Anderson Alyssa Erin , Hensel Gordon
Published: September 2021

This research report is motivated by two independent case reports featuring individuals living in Alberta, Canada who experienced permanent vision loss as a result of inadequate standards of practice surrounding sight tests. Sight tests are usually performed by opticians and are conducted independently of a comprehensive eye exam. A description of the two case reports in addition to a discussion of the potential dangers of sight tests provide evidence of the public health risks associated with sight tests. To investigate potential approaches to reduce or eliminate the risks of sight tests in Alberta, we conducted a jurisdictional review examining the laws and standards of practice governing sight tests in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. Based on the jurisdictional review, the outright prohibition of sight tests in Alberta may be the best approach to protect the public interest and reduce cases of avoidable vision loss. As seen in other Canadian provinces, alternative approaches to reduce the risk of sight tests may involve 1) developing and enforcing restrictions around the performance of sight tests or 2) developing clearly defined scenarios in which opticians can collaborate with authorized prescribers to deliver safe sight tests.
IVIG Compared With IVIG Plus Infliximab in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Cole Lyndsey D. , Osborne Christina M. , Silveira Lori J. , Rao Suchitra , Lockwood Justin M. , Kunkel Megan J. , MacBrayne Christine E. , Heizer Heather R. , Anderson Marsha S. , Jone Pei-Ni , Dominguez Samuel R.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES

To compare initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) versus IVIG plus infliximab in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

METHODS

Single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with MIS-C who met Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria and received treatment from April 2020 to February 2021. Patients were included and compared on the basis of initial therapy of either IVIG alone or IVIG plus infliximab. The primary outcome was need for additional therapy 24 hours or more after treatment initiation.

RESULTS

Seventy-two children with MIS-C met inclusion criteria. Additional therapy was needed in 13 of 20 (65%) who received IVIG alone and 16 of 52 (31%) who received IVIG plus infliximab (P = .01). The median (interquartile range) ICU lengths of stay were 3.3 (2.2 to 3.8) and 1.8 (1.1 to 2.1) days, respectively (P = .001). New or worsened left ventricular dysfunction developed in 4 of 20 (20%) and 2 of 52 (4%) (P = .05), and new vasoactive medication requirement developed in 3 of 20 (15%) and 2 of 52 (4%), respectively (P = .13). The median percentage changes in the C-reactive protein level at 24 hours posttreatment compared with pretreatment were 0% (−29% to 66%) and −46% (−62% to −15%) (P < .001); and at 48 hours posttreatment, −5% (−41% to 57%) and −70% (−79% to −49%) respectively (P < .001). There was no significant difference in hospital length of stay, time to fever resolution, vasoactive medication duration, or need for diuretics.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with MIS-C initially treated with IVIG plus infliximab compared with those treated with IVIG alone were less likely to require additional therapy and had decreased ICU length of stay, decreased development of left ventricular dysfunction, and more rapid decline in C-reactive protein levels.
First record of Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) from Patnanungan Island, Philippines 
Authors: Santiago Jane Abigail , Ablan-Lagman Ma Carmen
Published: September 2021

We present a new record and information on the distribution of the IUCN listed Tridacna crocea Lamarck, 1819 in the Philippines. The new record in Patnanungan Island extends the known distribution of this species by 80 km east of the nearest previously known occurrence. The collected specimens are found in shallow water at a depth of 3 m, exhibit a relatively small size, and showed the characteristic of completely burrowing its valves in coral substrates. DNA barcoding was also done, and the constructed phylogenetic tree demonstrated that the giant clams created a monophyletic group.  Tridacna crocea has a wide distribution and is relatively abundant throughout the Philippine reefs. We recommend updating the population status and stock assessment of giant clams in the country for local regulation and conservation management.
Gender Constructions in the Theological Dimension of the Sufi Premakhyans
Authors: Bocchetti Annalisa
Published: September 2021

Through the analysis of the Citravali (1613 ce) by Usman, this article explores the interrelation between aesthetics, gender and religion within the Indian Sufi romances (premakhyans) in Avadhi language. These narratives reinterpret the Sufi semantics of love, narrating the quest of the hero in yogic disguise in search of the heroine, portrayed as a divine woman. Usman creatively reimagines the heroine of his romance as an artist, drawing on this motif to trace the allegory of creation as divine art. Therefore, this article identifies conventional aesthetic patterns in Usman’s narrative reproducing relevant gender dynamics, such as the eroticized and yet idealized image of the heroine in relation to the hero’s spiritual growth, contrasting with the escalation of the villain’s sexual desire. The traditional Hindu setting of the story broadly reflects the socio-cultural norms of the North Indian world in early modern times, and implies gender hierarchies established by the local society. The intersection of these points in the Citravali suggests further reflections on the articulation of gender in a rich branch of Sufi literature composed in a regional language of India, which may open new perspectives in the interpretation of the relationship between mysticism and eroticism.
A Hindu Theology of Liberation: Not-Two is Not One, by Anantanand Rambachan.
Authors: Adluri Vishwa
Published: September 2021

A Hindu Theology of Liberation: Not-Two is Not One, by Anantanand Rambachan. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2015. xi + 230 pp. £74.94 (hb), £23.50 (pb). ISBN 978-1-4384-5455-9 (hb), ISBN 978-1-4384-5456-6 (pb).
Geographical diversity of Helicobacter pylori strains circulating in the European Part of the Russian Federation
Authors: Sorokin V. M. , Svarval A. V. , Vodop'janov A. S. , Pisanov R. V.
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to identify INDEL markers and study geographical origin of regional H. pylori strains circulating in the European part of the Russian Federation. The study included 56 strains of H. pylori isolated in three regions of the Russian Federation: Saint Petersburg, Astrakhan and Rostov Regions. Genomic DNA was isolated using a set of Probe NA (DNA Technology, Russia), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Detection of INDEL markers hp5605, hp6405, hp340, hp1390, hp3660 was performed using PCR. Clustering of the identified INDEL genotypes and building a phylogenetic tree were performed using the BioNumerics 7.6 and GrapeTree software packages. 21 strains from the GenBank database with known geographical origin were used as reference strains. In 20 strains from Saint Petersburg, 13 individual genotypes were identified, while 17 strains belong to the European cluster (hpEurope), 2 strains belong to the hspEAsia cluster and one strain belongs to the hspWAfrica cluster. The most common genotype identified in the European cluster includes six strains from Saint Petersburg and two strains from the GenBank database. For further differentiation of these strains, the VNTR typing method was used, which allowed identifying eight individual genotypes in eight strains. Fifty-six studied russian strains are represented by thirty individual genotypes, which reflects the high heterogeneity of strains circulating in the European part of the Russian Federation. The most frequent genotype is represented by two hpEurope strains, one strain from the Astrakhan region, as well as 5 and 6 strains from the Rostov Region and Saint Petersburg, respectively. The vast majority of Russian strains (52/56) belong to the hpEurope population, while two strains from Saint Petersburg are included in the hspEAsia population, and one strain from Saint Petersburg and the Astrakhan Region is included in the hspWAfrica population. Total, 77 H. pylori strains are represented by 37 individual genotypes with a high diversity index (DI = 0.95), which allows us to consider the proposed INDEL typing method as an independent method for genotyping H. pylori strains. Taking into consideration the complexity of the problem of accurately determining the geographical origin of H. pylori strains, the proposed simple and convenient method of INDEL typing of H. pylori strains, based on an available PCR method becomes very relevant and allows us to conduct an adequate primary analysis of the geographical origin of Russian H. pylori strains.
Looking beyond the physical management of patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Sykes Leanne M , Ntseke Tshegofatso V , Nethononda Portia T
Published: September 2021

Cancers of the head and neck region often leave patients with conspicuous defects, as well as limitations in physical and psycho-social functions. Rehabilitation is challenging and can never fully restore the anatomical, physiological, or functional characteristics that have been lost. Ideally newly diagnosed cancer patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary team of specialists from various allied fields who will be able to educate them and help them decide on the most appropriate and suitable treatment options. Patients must understand the processes, be of possible side effects and comprehend the limitations aware of rehabilitation. At the same time, clinicians may need to consider issues of distributive justice when deciding which patients will receive which resources, especially in financially limited institutions and countries. The biggest challenge to us as clinicians as well as community members is to try and treat all patients holistically and to address both their physical and psychosocial needs. This requires a fervent commitment to action, and that we all stand together and help each other through difficult times.
Gardner syndrome
Authors: Singh Sandeepa Rajbaran , Black Alan I
Published: September 2021

A 58-year-old male patient was referred for a panoramic radiograph after having presented with a hard swelling of the right mandible. Panoramic radiographic examination (Fig. 1) demonstrated multiples dental anomalies and variable bone densities in both jaws prompting clinicians to “dig” further. Teeth 17, 12, 11, 26 and 27 were missing. Teeth 13, 23, 24, 25, 38, 34, 33 and 43 were unerupted. An unerupted supernumerary left mandibular molar appeared in the region of the mandibular coronoid process. Multiple, small, well-defined radiopacities of density comparable to odontogenic material were evident in the anterior maxilla and mandible. These opacities often demonstrated radiolucent borders consistent with the finding of multiple odontomas. Both jaws demonstrated variable bone density. Cottonwool like opacities partially blending into adjacent trabeculae were evident in the mandible and maxilla posteriorly. The contour of the inferior border of the mandible bilaterally in proximity to the angle was irregular with multiple, well-defined, smooth, lobulated homogenous radiopacities suggestive of osteomas. The radiographic features of multiple osteomas, odontomas, variable bone density, supernumerary and unerupted teeth warranted the referral of the patient for gastroenterological investigation to exclude Gardner Syndrome.
Mimari Tasarım Yarışması ile Koruma; Kayseri İç Kale Örneği
Authors: ELDEK GÜNER Hikmet
Published: September 2021

Kentsel dokunun en önemli elemanlarından olan tarihi mekânlar, sahip oldukları bilinirlikleri ve cazibe noktası olma potansiyelleri nedeniyle korunmaları ve gelecek nesillere aktarılmalarının yanında kimi kent yöneticileri tarafından ekonomik getiri nesnesine çevrilmekte, kenti pazarlamanın ve markalaştırma sürecinin “yeni” yüzleri olarak yeniden değerlendirilerek, çoğu zaman özgün kullanımlarının dışında turizm sektörüne hizmet verecek şekilde yeniden işlevlendirilmektedir. Anadolu kentlerinden sanayi alt yapısı ile öne çıkan Kayseri’de de kent tarihinin ve bu tarihe tanıklık etmiş kültür mirası yapıların kültürel değerleri dışında, varlıkları ve yeniden kullanımları ile kente ekonomik değer katabilecekleri fark edilmiş ve ekonomik gelişmenin sanayinin yanında kültür varlıkları aracılığıyla turizme odaklanması gündeme gelmiştir. Kentte sınırlı sayıda kalmış olan kültür mirası yapılar kendi özgün kullanımlarının dışında farklı işlevler ile yeniden kullanıma açılmıştır. Bu sürecin yaşandığı örneklerden birisi de Kayseri İç Kalesi’dir. Uzun bir koruma-uygulama süreci içerisinde yer alan Kayseri İç Kale’sinin değişimi geleneksel bir kültür mirası yapının koruma prosesinden bir parça farklı işlemiştir. Var olan bütün özgün değerleri ile gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması gereken ve bunun için çok geniş ve detaylı bir koruma projesi hazırlanması gereken İç Kale için yerel yönetimin ilk eylemi ulusal bir mimarlık yarışması açmak olmuştur. Kent merkezinde yer alan, kentin geçmişinin neredeyse bütün izlerini üzerinde taşıyan, verilecek yeni işlev ile yüksek turist potansiyeline ev sahipliği yapması beklenen İç Kale yarışmaya açılarak, yeniden işlevlendirilmek istenmiştir. Ancak bu durumun sonunda İç Kale koruma ile yeni yapı inşa etme arakesitinde sıkışıp kalmıştır. Bu makale turizm bağlamında, tarihi yapıların ve geleneksel kent dokularını nasıl dönüştürüldüğünü, yarışma ile bir kültür mirası yapının nasıl etkilediğini, koruma kuramı içerisinde bu sürecin nerede yer aldığını ve sonuçların neler olduğunu Kayseri İç Kalesi üzerinden irdelemeyi hedeflemektedir.
Türkiye’de Cari Açığı Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesine Yönelik İstatistiksel Bir Araştırma
Authors: KILIÇ DEPREN Serpil
Published: September 2021

Türk ekonomisinde son yıllarda büyüme ve gelişme yaşanmıştır. Ancak buna rağmen bazı alanlarda yeterince gelişme sağlanamamıştır. Özellikle çift hanelerde gerçekleşen enflasyon ve faizler bu alanlardan bazılarıdır. Gelişim sağlanamayan bir diğer önemli alan ise cari açıktır. Dolayısı ile küresel ekonomiler arasında ilk 10 içinde yer almak isteyen Türkiye’nin cari açık sorununu çözmesi gerekmektedir. Türkiye’de cari açığın çözümüne yönelik tedbirlerin alınabilmesi için öncelikle cari açığa neden olan faktörler belirlenmelidir. Çalışmada Türkiye’de cari açığı etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi için Ocak 2006 ila Haziran 2018 arasındaki dönemdeki üçer aylık veriler dikkate alınmıştır. 11 adet makroekonomik gösterge ile Çok Değişkenli Uyarlanabilir Regresyon Uzanımları (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines: MARS) yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Türkiye’de ekonomik büyümenin, EUR TL kurunun, USD TL kurunun, ihtiyaç kredisi faizinin, taşıt kredisi faizinin ve enflasyonun (TÜFE) cari açığı etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Türkiye’de cari açığın düşürülmesi için söz konusu makroekonomik faktörlerin yakından izlenmesi ve cari açık üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılmasına yönelik düzenlemeler yapılması önerilmektedir.
İşgücü Verimliliği ve Öğrenen Örgüt İlişkisi: Otomotiv Sektöründe Bir Araştırma
Authors: KAYAPALI YILDIRIM Seda , ÇALMAŞUR Gürkan
Published: September 2021

Klasik örgüt tasarımının ötesine geçerek verimliliği artırmaya çalışmak yıllardır araştırmacıların inceleme konuları arasındadır. Özellikle insan kaynaklarının daha verimli hale getirilebilmesi için bir takım yöntemler ortaya atılmıştır. Bu örgütsel yöntemlerin en önemlilerinden birisi ise örgütsel öğrenmedir. Verimli olan işgücünün daha fazla örgütsel öğrenmeye katkı sunacağı ve öğrendikçe de işgücü verimliliğinin arttığı faydalı bir döngünün oluşacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle Türkiye Otomotiv Sektöründe otomobil üreten dört işletmenin 1999-2018 yılı arasındaki öğrenme eğrilerini ortaya çıkararak işgücü verimliliğinden nasıl etkilendiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre iki işletme genel olarak öğrenen örgüt iken diğer iki işletmeyi öğrenen örgüt olarak kabul etmek mümkün değildir. Ayrıca işgücü verimliliği arttıkça örgütsel öğrenme düzeyi de artmaktadır. Son olarak işletmelerde yıllar geçtikçe örgütsel öğrenmenin artmadığı elde edilen önemli bir diğer sonuçtur.
The Effect of Visionary Leadership Characteristics on Organizational Agility in Health Organizations; An Application in Private Hospitals in Bakirkoy District of Istanbul Province
Authors: TAMER Gülay
Published: September 2021

In this study, a field research was conducted to determine the effect of visionary leadership on organizational agility. The data of the analysis were obtained from the health care workers working in private hospitals in the Bakirkoy region by the survey method and 200 questionnaires were analyzed statistically. To achieve the results, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. In the conclusion part, it is confirmed that there is a parallel and meaningful relationship between the visionary leader's behavior and organizational agility.
Çevrimiçi Oyunlarda Eşitlik Arayışı: Minecraft YouTube Dizi İçeriğinde Fakir Köylü Kötü Kalpli Zengine Karşı
Authors: SEZGİN Ayşe Aslı , ELMASOĞLU Kamile
Published: September 2021

Son yıllarda internet kullanımının gençler ile ilişkisi kapsamında yapılan çalışmalarda genellikle, bağımlılık, siber zorbalık konularının ön plana çıktığı gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışma, konuya farklı bir bağlamda yaklaşmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle, yeni medya içeriğinin üretilmesi noktasında genç nesli aktif bir konuma yerleştiren ve tüm dünyada ilgi uyandıran bilgisayar oyunu Minecraft örnek olarak seçilmiştir. Yaratıcılık ve yeniden üretimi ön plana çıkartan oyun, bunun yanı sıra toplumu zengin-fakir şeklinde sınıfsal bir temsille yansıtmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çalışmanın kapsamını da oluşturan, YouTube Türkiye video paylaşım sitesindeki Minecraft zengin-fakir içeriği, yapısal anlatı analizi yöntemiyle, incelenmiştir. Aktivistlerin belirli bir soruna yönelik kamuoyu oluşturmaları sürecinde önemli bir rol üstlenen yeni medya, bu çalışmada da özellikle genç kullanıcıların zengin-fakir şeklindeki sınıfsal temsile yönelik oluşturdukları içeriğin aktarıcısı konumundadır. “Kötü kalpli zengin”, vurgusu ile zengin olana karşı sürekli bir mücadele içinde olan kullanıcıların kurguladıkları içerik incelendiğinde, Fakir kimliğinin Zengin karşısındaki ezilişi ve karşılığında direnişinin bu içerikler vasıtasıyla da aktarıldığı dikkat çekmiştir.
Ambalaj Üzerindeki Sayısal ve Duyusal Bilgi Tercihlerine Göre Makine Öğrenmesi Yaklaşımı ile Tüketicilerin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: TAVLI Didem , DEMİR Mehmet Özer
Published: September 2021

Günümüzde tüketicilerin satın alma alternatiflerinin artması ile birlikte firmaların tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarını etkileyen faktörleri incelemesi ve nelere dikkat ettiğini iyi tespit etmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarını etkileyen pek çok bütünleşik faktörlerden sayısal ve duyusal verilerden tüketiciler tarafından hangisinin tercih edildiğini tespit etmek ve tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarında ambalaj üzerinde en çok hangi bilgileri dikkate aldığını tespit etmektir. Çalışmada tüketiciler tercih ettikleri bilgi türüne göre makine öğrenmesi yöntemi kullanılarak modellenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri anket tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Örneklem seçimi uygunluk örneklemesi yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada 18 adet makine öğrenmesine dayalı yöntem kullanılarak tüketiciler sınıflandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre tüketicilerin sayısal ve duyusal bilgi tercihlerine göre iki grupta sınıflandırılabileceği ve makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarından Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM) yönteminin bu sınıflandırmayı yapan en iyi algoritma olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Tüketici sınıflandırmasında büyük veri analizi yöntemlerinin pazarlama alanında kullanılması çalışmanın yazına katkısıdır. Uygulamada ambalaj tasarımcılarının hedef kitlelerinin bilgi ihtiyacı türünün belirlenmesi, ambalaj üzerinde yer alacak bilgilerin tasarlanmasında kullanılabilir.
E-Liderlik Perspektifinden Lider-Üye Etkileşimi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: SUNDU Mustafa
Published: September 2021

Sanal organizasyon ve proje gruplarının sayıları her geçen gün hızla artmakta, yönetim bilişim sistemleri ve bilgi teknolojileri iş çevrelerinde etkin bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bilgi teknolojilerini iş süreçlerinde yoğun bir şekilde kullanan organizasyonların Lider Üye Etkileşimi süreçlerini E-liderlik perspektifinden incelemek ve dijitalleşmenin neden olduğu gelişmelerin liderlik teorisine yaptığı etkileri ortaya koymaktır. Bu maksatla iletişimde yoğun bir şekilde bilgi teknolojileri kullanılan (%50 ve üzeri) işletmelerin 238 çalışanına anket uygulanmıştır. Anket lider-üye etkileşimi (üye açısından) ve dijital teknoloji tutum ölçeklerine yönelik ifadelerden oluşmaktadır ve yüz yüze anket olarak uygulanmıştır. Anketten elde edilen sonuçlar regresyon modellemesi ve yapısal eşitlik modellemesiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bilgi teknolojilerini ve sanal takım çalışmalarını yoğun olarak kullanan firma çalışanlarının bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerine karşı tutumları ile lider-üye etkileşimi düzeyleri (etki boyutu, sadakat boyutu, katkı boyutu, profesyonel saygı boyutu) arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur.
¿Una fuente bíblica para el principio de separación de poderes?
Authors: Ramírez Echeverri Juan David
Published: September 2021

En contraste con la tesis de que el principio de separación de poderes tiene su fuente en el Antiguo Testamento, defendida en el marco de un “proyecto” que pretende descubrir las relaciones entre el constitucionalismo y el cristianismo, en este artículo se afirma que dicho principio, como elemento necesario de un Estado constitucional y democrático de derecho, tiene como presupuesto necesario el proceso de la modernidad, en el sentido de la superación del teocentrismo medieval, de un lado, y de la lucha en contra del poder absoluto y despótico, del otro.
Treinta años de aspiraciones constitucionales de paz para el cambio social
Authors: Ospina Juan Carlos , Cruz David Fernando
Published: September 2021

La Constitución de 1991 está llena de aspiraciones. Una de las fundamentales, dada la situación de conflicto armado y de crisis de derechos humanos del país, es la de alcanzar la paz. Sin embargo, luego de 30 años, existe la sensación de que dicha aspiración no se va a poder alcanzar. En este artículo sostenemos que esta sensación se arraiga en que la paz se presenta como un deseo tan inabarcable como inalcanzable, sin vías de concreción, y también surge, de visiones generales que nos dicen muy poco del cambio social que queremos lograr. Por esa razón, asumimos que hay disputas legitimas en las diferentes manifestaciones constitucionales de la paz, proponemos abordar la paz desde la convivencia pacífica, y valoramos si algunas de las transformaciones que permitió la Constitución dan razones para la esperanza o la desesperanza en esta materia.
Spanish Adult Students’ Intention- Behaviour Toward MOOCs During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Escobar-Alvarez Mª. Angeles , Ciancio Julie
Published: September 2021

Many Spanish students need to learn English beyond the age of 25 to be able to find a job or be further promoted. Unfortunately, those who attempt to pass a university entry-qualifications test often lack the required academic level. To help them achieve this goal, they are usually provided with learning materials and supportive digital resources. During the covid-19 pandemic, the need for online resources increased. This is why the National Distance Education University offered a massive open online course (mooc) on elementary English. The main goal of this contrastive qualitative study was twofold: First, it attempted to explore adult students’ intention-behaviour while taking the course. Secondly it delved into students’ satisfaction with this type of courses during two different years: 2017 and 2020 when the pandemic had a clear impact on distance education. For this purpose, the study used a comprehensive post-questionnaire given at the end of both courses. The data revealed a few significant differences regarding students’ satisfaction, intentions, perceptions, and interests in contexts where face-to-face-learning was not an option. These findings suggest that mooc should be considered as an alternative way to build specific content in situations of crisis.
"And My Screen Wouldn't Share": Student-Teachers' Perceptions of ICT in Online Teaching Practice and Online Teaching
Authors: Fořtová Nicola , Sedláčková Jitka , Tůma František
Published: September 2021

The sudden switch to online teaching enforced by the covid-19 pandemic has impacted teacher education at universities, particularly micro-teachings and teaching practice, as technology has become an inherent part of these processes. The growing body of literature on online teaching and teacher education during lockdown conditions mainly addresses challenges in teacher education and educator perceptions. However, very few studies deal with the perceptions of student- teachers. To fill this gap, a group of teacher educators conducted a research study with 63 students enrolled in a master’s Degree in Teaching efl for Secondary Schools offered at Masaryk University, Czechia. To carry it out, qualitative coding procedures were employed on a dataset of 120 lesson reflections written by students completing their teaching practice via online courses which were ordinarily conducted in person. The purpose was to find out how student-teachers perceived technology use when teaching online. The main findings show that, despite constant comparison between the face-to-face and online classrooms and an initial reliance on the success of technology to determine a lesson’s success, the majority of student-teachers normalized technology as a platform for teaching, using technology-specific language for teaching strategies and classroom events. These findings suggest that online teaching and learning should be seen as an integral part of teacher education.
DIGITAL TEACHING AID FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL AWARENESS FOR CHILDREN WITH MIXED DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
Authors: Zulibina Inga , Usca Svetlana
Published: September 2021

Children with mixed developmental disorders have impaired spatial perception. When performing correction work with these children, it is necessary to look for the most effective means to achieve the maximum developmental result. The use of various non-traditional methods and techniques in teaching eliminates children's fatigue, stimulates their cognitive activity, allows optimizing the pedagogical process, individualizes teaching and significantly improves the effectiveness of pedagogical work in general. One of the ways is digital teaching aids that are systematically and purposefully integrated into correction work.The aim of the paper is to theoretically substantiate the adequacy of the digital teaching aid developed by I. Zulbina for the formation of spatial awareness for children with mixed developmental disorders in preschool.
Inovasi Slurry Ice Machine Indonesia/Mesin Pembuat Bubur Es (MPBE) Merah Putih Metode Scraped-Surface Berkapasitas 1,5 dan 0,5 Ton/Hari
Authors: Ismail Nur Mahmudi , Nurprasetyo Eko Fajar , Ismail Ahmad Syihan , SBW Esha Ganesha` , Bayupati Andrie , Idris Ibnu Susakti , Mahyudi
Published: September 2021

Rekayasa terhadap evaporator, kondensor, dan sistem kontrol elektronik telah dilakukan untuk menghasilkan inovasi sebuah unit slurry ice machine/mesin pembuat bubur es (MPBE) yang dioperasikan dengan tenaga listrik 3 phase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan mesin pembuatan bubur es yang ramah lingkungan. Metode pembuatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain yang dibuat oleh PT Hikari Solusino Sukses dengan kapasitas masing-masing 0,5 dan 1,5 ton/hari . Hasil menunjukkan bahwa MPBE dapat mulai memproduksi bubur es sekitar 2 menit dengan kapasitas produksi 1.500 kg bubur es dalam 24 jam. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen telah diproduksi unit MPBE berkapasitas 1.500 kg/24 jam yang dioperasikan dengan motor berbahan bakar solar dan berkapasitas 500 kg/24 jam yang dioperasikan dengan motor berbahan bakar bensin. Dibandingkan dengan unit prototipe MPBE yang telah dibuat dan unit yang dijual di pasar internasional, inovasi unit MPBE ini dapat memproduksi bubur es lebih cepat, yaitu 2 menit berbanding 20-30 menit, serta fraksi bubur es yang tinggi, hingga 90% dibandingkan 30-40%. Berdasarkan nilai lebih pada kualitas bubur es yang diproduksi, variasi pengoperasian menggunakan motor penggerak berbahan bakar bensin dan solar, serta dukungan ekosistem manufaktur di Indonesia, inovasi MPBE ini diyakini dapat diproduksi secara komersial karena harga dan kualitasnya yang kompetitif.
Statistical analysis of low-rise building damage caused by the San Fernando earthquake
Authors: Scholl Roger E.
Published: September 2021

abstract

The paper summarizes an empirical investigation of damage to low-rise buildings in two selected control areas within Glendale, California, caused by the ground motion precipitated there by the San Fernando earthquake of February 9, 1971. The procedures for obtaining the appropriate data and the methodology used in deriving ground motion-damage relationships are described. Motion-damage relationships are derived for overall damage and for the most frequently damaged building components. Overall motion-damage relationships are expressed in terms of damage incidence (damage ratio) and damage cost (damage cost factor).

The motion-damage relationships derived from the earthquake data are compared with similar data obtained for low-rise buildings subjected to ground motion generated by an underground nuclear explosion. Overall comparison results show that for the same spectral acceleration, the earthquake caused slightly more damage. Differences in ground-motion characteristics for the two types of disturbances provide the most probable explanation for this discrepancy.
The use of sonobuoys in determining hypocenters of aftershocks of the February 21, 1973 Pt. Mugu earthquake
Authors: Bradner Hugh , Brune James N.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A five-station sonobuoy array was deployed in the ocean near the epicenter of the February 21, 1973 Pt. Mugu earthquake to supplement California Institute of Technology land stations for aftershock hypocenter locations. The sonobuoy data tend to force epicenters north, compared with locations from land stations alone. The study illustrates the value of sonobuoys for epicenter locations in or near the oceans.
Bedrock intensity attenuation and site factors from San Fernando earthquake records
Authors: Campbell Kenneth W. , Duke C. Martin
Published: September 2021

abstract

An attenuation formula was derived for the Arias instrumental intensity on bedrock based, in part, on the source spectrum function obtained by Aki. The constants in the formula were calibrated for the San Fernando earthquake by using eight bedrock spectra derived from surface accelerograms. The calibrated formula was then used to compute the Arias bedrock intensities at most of the sites of the ground-level accelerographs and seismoscopes that recorded the earthquake. Maxima accelerations from accelerograms and spectral accelerations from seismoscope records were then used to compute the Arias intensities at the surface by using an empirical relation obtained by Arias. After the instrument sites were classified into four groups, (1) crystalline rock, (2) sedimentary rock, (3) shallow alluvium, and (4) deep alluvium, surface-to-bedrock intensity ratios were correlated with these site classifications which leads to four surface attenuation curves constrained to have the same slope. From the constant differences between these curves, it is possible to define site factors to be applied to bedrock intensity in order to estimate surface intensity for zoning purposes. Conversely, these factors can be applied to surface intensities for deriving bedrock attenuation curves for other earthquakes in which the geology of the instrument sites is only generally known. The site factors relative to unweathered, unfractured crystalline rock outcrops are 1.80, 3.63, 3.74, and 5.12 for classifications 1 through 4, respectively.
Automatic phase identification with one and two large aperture seismic arrays
Authors: Shlien Seymour , Toksöz M. Nafi
Published: September 2021

abstract

Schemes to automatically identify later phases using LASA and using LASA together with NORSAR were designed and tested. With a single array, phase identification was accomplished by searching for a P or PKP phase that could be associated with a particular later phase such as PP, PcP, etc. On the basis of the time interval between the signals, their slowness, and relative amplitudes, the best phase interpretation was chosen by means of the Neyman-Person likelihood ratio test. With two arrays, detections from one array were checked against detections from the other array for signals originating from the same event.

Testing the schemes on the LASA and NORSAR detection logs, 9 later phases per day were detected and 11 events per day were found common to the LASA and NORSAR detection logs. Confusion of later phases was very minor. The most serious problem was the identification of fictitious phases and events that occurred due to various coincidences.
A report: One company's seismic surveillance system
Authors: Ostrom D. K. , Douglas R. S.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Shortly after the San Fernando Earthquake of February 9, 1971, the Southern California Edison Company, a west-coast electric utility, formed an earthquake task force. One of the rcommendations of this task force was that the utility should implement a program which would monitor and evaluate its facilities in the event of an earthquake. This recommendation led to the utility's selection and installation of a 25-instrument strong-motion accelerometer system at 19 company locations. This paper describes the implementation of the seismic surveillance system. The selection of the seismic monitoring equipment and the location, installation, data collection, data evaluation, maintenance and operation of the system are included in this paper.
Seismicity, earthquake mechanisms, and tectonics along the western coast of North America, from 42°N to 61°N
Authors: Chandra Umesh
Published: September 2021

Seismicity maps of the region are presented for the periods January 1900 to June 1973 and January 1961 to June 1973. Focal mechanism solutions for 24 earthquakes (mb ≧ 5.5) occurring between January 1963 to July 1973 have been determined. Four earthquakes which occurred in the vicinity of the Gorda ridge have a component of normal faulting, thus identifying it as a spreading ridge. However, departure of the trend of the axis of tension, determined in the focal mechanism solutions for these earthquakes, from being perpendicular to the trend of the ridge axis indicates that the tectonics of the Gorda basin is complex. The existence of the Blanco fracture zone and the Queen Charlotte Islands fault as dextral transform faults, east block moving south, is confirmed. Evidences derived from the focal mechanism solutions indicate that the Revere-Dellwood and Sovanco fracture zones are also right-lateral transform faults. The northern extent of the Queen Charlotte Islands fault probably terminates near 54.5°N, 135.2°W or 57.5°N, 136°W. Focal mechanism solutions for an earthquake occurring near Vancouver Islands and another near the Puget Sound region in Washington indicate normal faulting and suggest the presence of a downgoing slab of lithosphere in this region. The interpretation is that the former results from tension caused by the bending of the plate as it dips under the continent and the latter results from tension within the sinking slab. Two recent earthquakes which occurred on July 1 and July 3, 1973 at a latitude of about 58°N, have thrust fault solutions and together with the seismicity data suggest a zone of underthrusting of the lithospheric plate between latitudes 58°N to 59.5°N. The possibility of a third zone of subduction north of latitude 59.5°N between longitudes 139°W to 142°W is indicated.
Evaluation of static stress on a fault plane from a Green's function
Authors: Andrews D. J.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Direct numerical evaluation of shear strain on a fault plane using the representation theorem is not possible because source points near the field point give large and canceling contributions to the integral. The representation theorem for strain can be integrated by parts to obtain an expression valid everywhere and suitable for numerical evaluation on the fault plane. Stress-drop evaluated by this method for the circular dislocation of Keylis-Borok agrees well with the analytic solution.
Interpretation of body and Rayleigh waves from NTS to Tucson
Authors: Langston Charles A. , Helmberger Donald V.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A linear array of eight Caltech portable broad-band seismograph trailers was set out from NTS to near Phoenix, Arizona, for the pre-announced underground nuclear test, OSCURO, on September 21, 1972. Travel-time and amplitude information were used to find an average crustal model by calculating synthetic seismograms using the Cagniard-de Hoop method. Rayleigh waves from other nuclear events at NTS, as recorded at the Tucson WWSSN station, were examined as a control for determining the structure of the top half of the crust. Group-velocity curves were found and synthetic Rayleigh waves calculated for Tucson and Kingman (LRSM). The formations and characteristics of Pn, a reflected Pn, and the Pg phases are examined. Pg is demonstrated to be composed of the primary P reflection from the mantle and contains multiple arrivals of P—SV conversions. Comparisons of synthetic and observed seismograms indicate a crustal thickness of 30 km with a Poisson's ratio of 0.23. The crust-mantle transition appears to be sharp, jumping from 6.1 to 7.9 km/sec. The amplitude behavior of Pn shows little evidence of any lid structure.
Analysis of the operational capabilities for detection and location of seismic events at NORSAR
Authors: Bungum H. , Husebye E. S.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Based on 1 year of data, April 1972-March 1973, the routine event detectability of the NORSAR array in Norway has been investigated in terms of 50 and 90 per cent cumulative detectability thresholds which were derived from frequency-magnitude distributions. The best performance was observed for events in central Asia and adjacent regions where the 90 per cent cumulative detectability values are in the range 3.6-3.8 NORSAR mb values. For teleseismic events, the value is 3.8. For all regions, NOAA reports on the average a larger mb value than NORSAR, and this relationship is magnitude-dependent. The accuracy of NORSAR-estimated epicenter solutions as compared to those of NOAA was also investigated. The best results were found for Japan and central Asia, where the median location difference is 95 and 105 km, respectively. For teleseismic events, the value is 145 km. The biased errors in the location estimates are demonstrated to have been eliminated for most of the regions considered. Finally, improvements of the present NORSAR event detectability performance are discussed in view of recently developed array data processing techniques.
Seismic and Geographical Regionalization
Authors: Flinn Edward A. , Engdahl E. R. , Hill Alan R.
Published: September 2021

In this paper we present a detailed description of the system of geographical and seismic regionalization previously proposed by the authors (Flinn and Engdahl, 1965) and now widely used in seismological bulletins. Tables are given which show the geographical and seismic region numbers and names for each square degree of latitude and longitude on the Earth's surface. Listings of computer programs which store and retrieve the boundary information are included.
The measurement of seismographic records using a computer-controlled film scanner
Authors: Blakely R. F. , Ellis C. R. , Martin H. J.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A semi-automatic system to digitize seismographic records is described. Photographic images of the records are digitized using a cathode-ray-tube film scanner that is controlled by a computer. An operator, interacting with the computer through a display console, supervises the overall data collection and can intervene in the search for traces and in the digitization of the data whenever he feels that it is necessary.
Strainmeter and tiltmeter measurements from the Tonga island arc
Authors: Frohlich Cliff , Major Maurice W. , Isacks Bryan L.
Published: September 2021

abstract

A four-component quartz tube strainmeter with capacitance transducers has been installed in a surface site on the small coral island of Tongatapu in Tonga. Analysis of 30 days of data indicates that temperature and pressure effects are small, but that rainfall may have a significant effect. Semidiurnal lunar tidal strains with peak-to-peak amplitudes larger than 1.0 × 10−7 are observed on all components, as are semidiurnal areal strains of 2.0 × 10−7 and higher. These results are not completely explained by conventional ocean loading models, but a simple argument shows that these strains are consistent with recent reports of anomalously large tidal amplitudes in well levels on coral island aquifers. The tidal strains exhibit a “saw-tooth” shape, for the strain curve approaches compressional minima with steeper slopes than compressional maxima. This indicates a nonlinear response to the lunar driving foce, which apparently is due to loading by nonlinear tides in a lagoon near the strain site. A long-period horizontal seismometer was equipped with displacement transducers to record as a tiltmeter and was placed in a surface vault near the strainmeter site. Meaningful tidal tilts could not be measured until the surface vault was covered with 60 cm of soil, and even then the tiltmeter was affected by thermal changes with periods longer than a few days. The tiltmeter was not affected by rainfall. Surface sites on tropical islands seem practical for strainmeters and tiltmeters at seismic and tidal frequencies, but future researchers attempting to measure tectonic strains or tilts in island arcs might wish to consider simultaneous monitoring of ocean tidal levels and water well levels along with temperature, pressure, and rainfall.
The study of earthquake questions related to Veterans Administration hospital facilities
Authors: Bolt B. A. , Johnston R. G. , Lefter J. , Sozen M. A.
Published: September 2021

After the San Fernando earthquake, February 9, 1971, the Veterans Administration undertook investigations and research to develop requirements for earthquake-resistant design for VA hospital facilities. Veterans Administration hospital sites number 170 across the United States. Site-evaluation procedures and design criteria have now been developed. Evaluations of peak ground accelerations for engineering assessments at hospital sites in zones 3 and 2 are available. In a parallel strong-motion recording program, 58 accelerometers already have been placed in VA hospital facilities across the country. Attention has been given to operations, utilities and access after destructive earthquakes, particularly emergency services that must serve the hospitals' own patients and community. Standards for protection of nonstructural elements and equipment of hospitals have been established.
Love waves and primary stress
Authors: Willson A. J.
Published: September 2021

The influence of primary stress upon the propagation of Love waves in a welded layer and half-space is examined by means of the theory of nonlinear elasticity. It is shown that the dispersion equation for this case can be cast into the form appropriate in the absence of stress, provided certain rescaling substitutions are employed. The possibility that additional instabilities are introduced through the combined action of primary stress and surface and interfacial continuity requirements is discounted.
Site-dependent spectra for earthquake-resistant design
Authors: Seed H. Bolton , Ugas Celso , Lysmer John
Published: September 2021

abstract

The paper presents the results of a statistical analysis of the spectral shapes of 104 ground-motion records obtained from 23 earthquakes, mostly in the western part of the United States. The analysis shows clear differences in spectral shapes for different soil and geological conditions, indicating the need for consideration of these effects in selecting earthquake-resistant design criteria.
Calculation of ground motion in a three-dimensional model of the 1966 Parkfield earthquake
Authors: Levy N. A. , Mal A. K.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Near-field ground displacements are calculated from an earthquake source in a homogeneous, elastic half-space. An analytical formulation of the problem is presented that requires no physical approximations except at the source. A model of the source is constructed by retaining the essential kinematic character of the faulting process. A computer program is developed to calculate ground motion from an assumed model of the 1966 Parkfield, California earthquake. Favorable agreement is obtained between the theoretically computed ground displacements and those derived from the recorded accelerations. The relative contributions of the body waves and surface waves to the displacement field are examined. The results indicate that a significant portion of near-field motion may consist of surface waves, especially in the vertical component of the ground motion.