bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of food safety standards on the export of Chinese vegetable products —— A study based on the Belt and Road cooperation framework
Authors: JIN Zhuiqiao , ZHENG Qi , QIN Yue , LIU Yunyi
Published: January 2022

Agricultural products' tradeexpands between China and the countries along the Belt and Road while the cooperation is developing rapidly. Meanwhile, the countries' food safety standards along the Belt and Road are becoming more stringent for China's vegetable products. As one of the leading products exported by China's agricultural products, this article presents a quantitative study on whether food safety standards impact Chinese vegetable products' export. The quantitative model in the article takes food safety standards, the output volume of vegetable products in the exporting country, the economic size of the importing country, the geographical distance between the importing and exporting countries, the tariff level of the importing country, and the membership of the FTA as the independent variables, and the export scale of Chinese vegetable products to the countries along the Belt and Road as the dependent variable. The article investigates the impact of food safety standards in countries along the Belt and Road on Chinese vegetables' exports by applying the extended gravity model to 2017. In the empirical analysis, after combining the F-test, LM-test, and Hausmann test, the article chooses to use the fixed-effects model to regress the data. The empirical results show that the improvement of food safety standards set by countries along the Belt and Road in 2006-2017 does not significantly impact the export of Chinese vegetable products, and the relevant food safety standards set by China for vegetable products are relatively high. The importing country's economic size, the importing country's tariff level, and the FTA membership are the significant factors influencing China's export of vegetable products. Finally, based on the findings, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
Innovation and Practice of Developing Guangdong Rural Tourism Smart System in Post-pandemic Era
Authors: WU Yinguang , LI Ling , LIU Ziqing , WEN Jiayuan , GUO Xiaoyu , LI Qianying
Published: January 2022

Pursuing a rural revitalization strategy is a major historical task to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Rural tourism is an important platform for poverty alleviation and a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Taking rural tourism in Guangdong Province as an example, this paper analyzes the development prospect of rural tourism smart system in the post-pandemic era. This system is closely combined with the rural revitalization strategy, and the tourism resources in each region of Guangdong Province have their own characteristics, which is conducive to the innovation and practice of the system. The innovation and practice of the system enables tourists with different needs to take their own needs according to different tourism resources, meets tourists' multidimensional perception needs of rural life and other aspects, and achieves the effect of physical and mental experience and enjoyment of life, thus providing beneficial enlightenment for the planning and design of rural tourism in China.
Research on the Cultivation Mode of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents in Law under the Background of New Liberal Arts
Authors: MA Qiufen , LI Yuanqing , WANG Xiaoze
Published: January 2022

As one of the new liberal arts categories, law has always been a key subject of national legal construction. With the continuous development of science and technology and the rapid progress of society, enterprises' demand for legal talents has changed from single type to compound type. The current training mode of legal talents in our country cannot meet the needs of the rapid development of the society. In view of this, combined with the traditional theoretical teaching mode of talent training for law majors, the new talent training methods should be added to explore the suitable mode for the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talent for law majors in China. Starting from the theory and practice, combining with the characteristics of each university, the ultimate goal is to cultivate the compound legal talents with innovative and entrepreneurial ability.
KIR gene content imputation from single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the Finnish population
Authors: Ritari Jarmo , Hyvärinen Kati , Partanen Jukka , Koskela Satu
Published: January 2022

The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene cluster on chromosome 19 encodes cell surface glycoproteins that bind class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules as well as some other ligands. Through regulation of natural killer (NK) cell activity KIRs participate in tumour surveillance and clearing viral infections. KIR gene gene copy number variation associates with the outcome of transplantations and susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. Inferring KIR gene content from genetic variant data is therefore desirable for immunogenetic analysis, particularly in the context of growing biobank genome data collections that rely on genotyping by microarray. Here we describe a stand-alone and freely available gene content imputation for 12 KIR genes. The models were trained using 807 Finnish biobank samples genotyped for 5900 KIR-region SNPs and analysed for KIR gene content with targeted sequencing. Cross-validation results demonstrate a high mean overall accuracy of 98.5% (95% CI [97.0–99.2]%) which compares favourably with previous methods including short-read sequencing based approaches.
Art Supported Writing Studies with Communication Faculty Students: Creative Writing
Authors: TELCİ Burcu AKKAYA
Published: January 2022

Çalışma, yazarlık eğitiminde algıları açma yöntemlerinden birisi olarak sanat ve estetiğin kullanımı incelemektedir. Makale; “Yaratıcılık nedir?” sorusunun cevabına katkıda bulunmaya çalışmakta ayrıca “Sanat ve estetik insandaki yaratıcılığı
nasıl etkiler?”, “Yaratıcı yazarlığın-özgünlüğün teşviki mümkün müdür?” gibi sorulara yanıt aramaktadır. Bilindiği gibi, sanat ve sanatçının en önemli esin kaynaklarından birisi doğadır. Yazma becerilerini geliştirmek isteyenler
de sanatın estetik yönlerinden yola çıkarak algı ve üretimlerini zenginleştirebilir. Yaratıcı yazarlık da genellikle yazı aracılığıyla gerçekleşen bir tür sanat üretimidir. Yaratıcı yazmayı öğretmek isteyen eğitimciler, sanat eserlerini
bu becerilerin geliştirilmesinde esinlenmeyi sağlayan bir eğitim aracı olarak kullanabilirler. İletişim fakülteleri ve gazetecilik bölümleri, sadece rutin haber yazacak öğrenci yetiştirmemektedir. Gazetecilik genel başlığı altında
verilen eğitim; televizyona, yeni medyaya (ek olarak günümüzde sosyal medya mecralarına) ve dergilere de çalışan hazırlamaktadır. Bu medya türleri, özellikle de yeni medya, yoğun yaratıcılık özellikleri taşıyan çalışanlara ihtiyaç
duyan mecralardır. Bu bağlamda, öğrencilere yazı yazmayı sevdirmek ve yazacakları yazılarda özgün üsluplarını oluşturabilmelerine katkı sağlamak üzere, Gazete Yazı Türleri ve Dergi Uygulamaları gibi derslerde, sanat eserleri; düşünme
ve yazmaya yönlendiren bir araç olarak kullanılabilir. Bu çalışma, “Sanatın insan algılarını açma özelliği, yazarlık yolundaki öğrencilerin yazma becerilerine katkıda bulunur.” varsayımını desteklemektedir. Çalışmada, Maltepe Üniversitesi
İletişim Fakültesi’nde seçmeli ders alarak; ‘Dergi Uygulamaları’ dersine katılan 15 öğrenciye Ressam Winslow Homer’in The Gulf Stream adlı tablosuna bakarak bir öykü yazıp yazamayacakları sorulmuştur. 15 öğrenciden 10’u bu resme
baktığımda öykü yazabilirim cevabını vermiş ve özgün hikaye ve denemelerini yazmışlardır. Öncesinde ise birçoğu durup dururken bir öykü yazamayacağını belirtmiştir.
An Example to Political Marriages of Turkish History: Levirat
Authors: ALTIN Kader , KÖMÜRCÜ Elif
Published: January 2022

Toplumların en temel öğelerin başında gelen aile, akrabalık ilişkileri ile birbirlerine bağlanan bireylerin oluşturduğu en küçük sosyal topluluktur. Eski Türk toplumlarında aile, babaerkil bir düzende, tek eşli ve küçük aile tipinde
oluşmuştur. Türk erkekleri eşlerini seçerken genelde kendi kabilelerinden değil de yabancı kabilelerden (egzogami) seçerdi. Aynı zamanda bir diğer evlilik türü olan “leviratus” (amcası veya ağabeyi ölen bir erkeğin, yengesiyle
evlenme geleneği) evlilik de bulunmaktadır. Türklerdeki levirat evliliği ile diğer toplumlardaki “levirat” uygulamaları arasındaki fark ise erkek çocukların babaları öldükten sonra üvey anneleri ile de evlenebilmeleridir. Ayrıca
dul kalan amca ya da kuzen eşi ile evlilik yapmak gibi uygulamalar da mevcuttur. Türklerde ağabeyin karısı sorumluluklar çerçevesinde mirastır. Diğer bir ifade ile erkeğe miras olarak düşen yengedir, gelin değildir. Levirat evlikler,
Türk devletlerinin bir politikası olup akrabalık tesis etmek suretiyle bölgede hâkim/güç konumuna gelmelerini sağlamıştır. Çünkü daha önceki Türk devletlerinde de evlenilecek kadın siyasi bir çıkara hizmet etmek amacıyla seçilmiştir.
Eşinin vefatıyla devlet düzeninin bozulmasının önüne geçilip, kadının kendi ailesinin yanına dönmesine izin verilmeyip hanedan içinden yeniden evlendirilerek devlet düzeninin devam etmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu gelenek konar-göçer hayatı
yaşayan tüm Türk boylarında Kazaklarda, Türkmenlerde, Özbeklerde, Kırgızlarda, Karakalpaklarda… vd. görülen bir gelenektir. Bu çalışmada Türk tarihinde görülen siyasi amaçlarla yapılan evliliklerden biri olan levirat evliliklerin
Türk töresindeki yeri üzerinde durarak tarihsel süreçte yapılmış levirat evliliklerden örnekler verilerek bu evlilklere yönelik değerlendirme yapılacaktır.
The Place of Culture in Art Works Balkan Naci İslimyeli, Yüksel Arslan, Ergin İnan
Authors: TEKİN KARAGÖZ Ceren , BOZOK Barış
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Balkan Naci İslimyeli, Yüksel Arslan ve Ergin İnan’ın hayatı ve eserlerini kültürel bağlamda incelemektir. Modern olan ile geleneksel olanı harmanlamış, batı kültürünü çok iyi analiz ederek, doğup büyüdükleri toprakların
kültürel birikimlerini eserlerine aktarmış üç sanatçının hayatı ve eserlerinde yer alan kültürel kodlar incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, doküman incelemesi ve literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. 2018-2019
yıllarında sanatçılara ait eslerler ve eserlere ait kaynaklar incelenmiştir. Türkiye topraklarında farklı zamanlarda, farklı bölgelerde gelişen pek çok kültür ve gelenek, plastik sanatlarda farklı şekillerde yorumlanmış ve bir
toplumsal bellek tezahürü olarak modern sanatta kullanılmıştır. Ancak her dönem kültür ve gelenekler farklı algılanmış ve sanata yansımaları da farklı şekillerde olmuştur. Sonuç olarak farklı kültürleri görüp bilgi süzgecinden
geçiren, gördükleri ve kültürel belleklerinde yer alan görüntüler ile sanatsal temsilleri kendilerine özgü yapılarıyla harmanlayan üç sanatçının yeni anlamlar oluşturdukları görülmektedir. Balkan Naci İslimyeli’nin eserlerinde
güncel olmalarının yanında içinde bulunduğu, doğup büyüdüğü topakların tarihinden izler taşıdığı, Yüksel Arslan’ın eserlerinde, Doğu- Batı sentezi yaparak, yerel-evrensel imgelerle ve İslami dini motifleri yeniden yorumlayarak,
önce doğup büyüdüğü topraklara sonra da evrensel olana tanıklıklarından yola çıktığı, Ergin İnan’ın eserlerinde ise Anadolu topraklarında var olmuş kültürel değerleri harmanlayarak, kendine özgü bir üslup ile geleneksel olanla
moderni birleştirdiği söylenebilir. Genel olarak üç sanatçının eserlerinde, yüzyıllar boyunca toplumun hafızasından süzülerek günümüze kadar ulaşan değerleri sıklıkla kullandıkları söylenebilir.
Geographical Distribution and Importance of Sea Bass, Sea Bream and Trout Breeding in Turkey
Authors: BALCI AKOVA Süheyla , KAHRAMAN Mustafa
Published: January 2022

Fish were used as a food source during the hunting-gathering period of humans. It continued its development and transformation with the developments in science and technology and continued its importance today. The demand for fish,
which is a valuable food, is increasing day by day. Fish consumption is increasing day by day, even in countries that generally supply their animal protein needs from terrestrial animals. Today, the increase in the population,
the increase in the demand for fish, and the developments in science and technology, have caused an increase in the amount of fish caught, but this also puts pressure on the fish reserves. At this point, aquaculture gains great
importance. Increases in both fish production amounts and the number of producers are quite high. Between 1990 and 2018, the increase in fish caught was 12.24%, while the increase in aquaculture was 525.28%. 46% of the world's
total fish production and 52% of people's fish consumption are obtained from aquaculture. In aquaculture, firstly carp and trout were bred. In 2018, aquaculture production reached 114.5 million tons (including plants and others),
with a sales value of $263.6 billion. In Turkey, as in the rest of the world, the development in aquaculture is very important. Aquaculture production, which was 5 782 tons as of 1990, reached 373 356 tons as of 2019 with an increase
of 6457.2% between 1990 and 2019. The production of finned fish is also dominant in Turkey. Among these species, especially sea bass, sea bream and trout farming takes the first place. The fact that the total of the three species
constitute 97.2% of the total aquaculture production clearly reveals the importance of sea bass, sea bream and trout farming. The fact that the total of the three species constitute 97.2% of the total aquaculture production clearly
reveals the importance of sea bass, sea bream and trout farming. As both a source of export income and an employment provider, fish and fish products trade makes a significant contribution to economic growth in developing countries.
For these reasons, the geographical distribution of sea bass, sea bream and trout in Turkey and their importance as an economic activity are discussed in this study.
Evaluation of the Sources of Crisis which Cause Financial Failures Among Travel Agents Operating in the City of Ordu
Authors: PASLI Mehmet Mert
Published: January 2022

There are many positive and negative developments in economic terms in the areas where tourism activities take place. The tourism sector is affected by the fast growing and changing financial world. In order to meet customer requirements
and demands, travel agencies, which are one of the most important partners of the tourism industry, should be in a financially strong position. Adverse conditions in the financial structures of travel agencies will have a negative
impact on the whole country’s tourism and tourist economy. Many factors cause financial failure. Therefore, thorough inspection on the causes of those failures has a vital importance. The criteria in this research, within the framework
of the relevant literature and taking expert opinions, are defined as follows; natural factors, economic factors, socio-cultural factors, health and safety factors, technological factors, political and legal factors. This research,
within its scope, aims to rank the factors which cause financial failure in travel agencies operating in the city of Ordu according to their level of importance and establish the cause-effect relationship between these factors
by using DEMATEL method which is one of the multi criteria decision making methods. The results of the study show that economic and socio-cultural factors, which cause financial failures in travel agencies operating in the city
of Ordu, exert an influence on other factors. The research is confined to the city of Ordu. If there are other similar studies in the future of other destinations, the results can be compared.
Child Protection Policies Comparatively in Germany and Turkey: A Proposal for Partial Transfer of Child Protection Services to Civil Contractors in Turkey
Authors: DOĞAN Beyhan , ÖZKAN Yasemin
Published: January 2022

Almanya’daki çocuk koruma politikalarının tarihi sürecinin ve yaşanan değişimlerin Türkçe literatüre kazandırılmasının amaçlandığı bu çalışma ile aynı zamanda Türkiye’deki çocuk koruma politikalarının iyileştirilmesine yönelik öneriler
de bulunmaktadır. Çocukların korunması sosyal çalışmanın ilgilendiği alanlar içerisinde her zaman öncelikli olarak yer almıştır. Sosyal çalışma mesleğinin geçirmiş olduğu dönemsel değişimlere de uygun olarak çocukların korunması
için farklı politikalar üretilmiştir. Sosyal hizmet sunumunu şekillendiren sosyal politika uygulamaları ülkelerin refah seviyesine ve yönetim biçimlerine göre de şekillenerek farklı pratiklerin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamaktadır. Eyalet
sistemi ile yönetilen ve sosyal hizmetlerin sunumunda devletin katkı oranının daha az olduğu Almanya’da sivil toplum kuruluşları resmi kurumların yetki devrine dayanan bir sistemle sosyal hizmet sunumunda daha fazla çeşitliliğin
oluşturulmasını sağlamışlardır. Bu bağlamda da Türkiye’de merkezi örgütlenmenin etkisinin daha fazla hissedilmesi, çocuk koruma alanında hizmet veren sivil toplum kuruluşlarının genel olarak çocuk hakları savunuculuğu yapması bu
alanda yeni bir dönüşümün varlığını gerekli kılmaktadır. Bu araştırma ile Almanya’da çocuk koruma alanının yapısı tanıtılarak Türkiye için uygun olacak şekilde bu alanda hizmet sunan sivil toplum kuruluşlarının yenilenmesi için
önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Çocuk koruma hizmetlerinin etkinliğinin arttırılması için yerelleşmenin yanı sıra hizmet sunumunun belirli seviyelere ayrılması da önem arz etmektedir. Çünkü hizmetlerin basamaklandırılması acil koruma
ihtiyacı gerektiren çocuklara ulaşmayı daha faal hale getirecektir. Böylelikle bir kriz durumu yaşayan ailelerin çocuklarının herhangi bir istismar ya da ihmal durumuna maruz kalma ihtimali düşürülmüş olacaktır. Bu hizmetler aynı
zamanda çocuk korumada önleyici hizmetlerin önemini de ortaya çıkaracaktır. Alman çocuk korumanın en önemli güçlü yanlarının önleyici hizmetlere ağırlık vermesi, kurum bakımının son alternatif olarak değerlendirilmesi ve hizmet
sunumunda devlet kurumlarının genel görevinin finansman olarak sivil yüklenicileri desteklemesi olduğu bilinmektedir. Çocuk korumada farklı ülke modellerinin de incenelenerek almanya örneğinde bu gibi özelliklerin dikkate alınıp
Türkiye için çocukların korunması adına daha etkili bir çocuk koruma modeli oluşturulabileceği göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Detection and Evaluation of Forest Fires in Hatay Between 2013-2021 By Using Satellite Images
Authors: GEÇEN Reşat , TOPUZ Muhammet
Published: January 2022

Hatay, neredeyse her yıl birçok orman yangınlarının yaşandığı kritik bir bölgede yer almaktadır. Orman yangınları, küresel iklim değişikliği ile birlikte daha tehlikeli hale gelmiştir. Orman yangınlarında yanan alanlar, sağlıklı ve
sağlıksız bitkilerin yansıma karakteristikleri farklı olduğu için uydu görüntüleri üzerinden hızlı ve güvenilir biçimde ayırt edilebilmektedir. Çalışmada amaç; Hatay’da 2013-2021 yılları arasında meydana gelen orman yangınlarının
uydu görüntülerinden tespiti ve değerlendirilmesidir. Yanan orman alanları ve bu alanların bitki örtüsü türü, jeomorfolojik özellikleri ve dağılışı incelenmektedir. Yanmış alanları tepit etmek için Landsat 8 uydu görüntüleri elde
edilmiştir. 2013 ile 2021 yılları arasında her yıl için bir görüntü elde edilmiş ve kullanılmıştır. Yöntem olarak literatürde en yaygın olarak kullanılan NBR (Normalize Yanık Alan İndeksi) indeksi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak;
2013-2021 yılları arasındaki 9 yıllık süreçte Hatay ili sınırları içerisinde toplam 7811 hektar orman alanının yandığı ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca meşçere tipinin ve jeomorfolojik özelliklerin, yanan alanlara etki dereceleri sorgulanmıştır.
Yıllara göre en fazla yanan alanlar sırasıyla 2020 (4642.7 ha), 2013 (1852.5 ha) ve 2018 (581.4 ha) yıllarında meydana gelmiştir. Yanan alanların ilçelere göre dağılımında, en büyük değeri Antakya ilçesi alırken, Antakya'yı sırasıyla
Samandağ ve Arsuz ilçeleri takip etmektedir. 250-750 m yükselti kuşağı, 15-30 derece eğim aralığı, güney-güneydoğu ve Güneybatı bakıları orman yangınlarının yoğunlaştığı jeomorfolojik özelliklere karşılık gelmektedir. Meşcere türüne
göre ise yanmış alanların çoğunu Kızılçam oluşturmaktadır.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Practitioners in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Khanagar Sanjeev Balappa , Ali Abdul Salam Thekkiniy Akath , Alhamid Hamid Mohammed , Alqahtani Turki Thear , Alghamdi Talal Salem , Alobailan Khalid Ibrahim , Alaqeel Mohammad Zaki , Alassa Mohammed Hussein
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The outbreak of the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a major impact on health care professionals, especially the dental care professionals, who are operating in close contact with their patients. Aim: To assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dental practitioners in Saudi Arabia in terms of mental status, dental practice changes and financial status. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among dental practitioners working in governmental and private sectors in Saudi Arabia from June to August 2020. The data was collected using a self-admistered questionnaire which included demographic data, the participants’ mental status with a focus on fear and anxiety, changes that occurred on the dental practice due to the pandemic in addition to its impact on the financial status and income. The data was entered and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Descriptive statistics was calculated and Chi-square analysis was done. Results: A total of 156 subjects (95 (60.9%) male and 61 (39.1%) were female) participated in this study. Most of the respondents 122 (78.2%) were concerned about transmitting the infection to people around them, 149 (95.5%) planned to implement face shields in their practice among other practice changes, 104 (66.7%) expressed concern regarding the impact of the pandemic on their future income. Majority of consultants consider that COVID-19 pandemic “negatively affected” their income which was statistically significant (p=0.028). Similarly, majority of participants private sector also considered that COVID-19 pandemic “negatively affected/positively affected” their income which was statistically significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, dental practitioners are more affected than other health providers. This is evident by the fear and anxiety, which they are going through and the negative impact of the pandemic, which included drop in their income and limited clinical practice hours due to the deferral of elective treatment.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Different Histopathological Variants of Ameloblastoma: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Deshmukh Revati Shailesh , Deo Priya Nimish , Chavan Surekha Laxman , Kango Prasad
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Ameloblastomas are benign and the most common odontogenic neoplasms with many histopathological subtypes depending on the predominant pattern. They are known for their aggressive behaviour. As ameloblastomas have a high rate of recurrence, it is necessary to understand the biological behaviour of these neoplasms. Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is an enzyme that belongs to Metalloproteinases family and is known to degrade the Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and facilitate tumour progression. Evaluation of the expression of MMP-9 in ameloblastomas could contribute in understanding its biological behaviour. Aim: To analyse the expression of MMP-9 in different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Dental College and Hospital, Pune, India. A total of 30 cases were selected for this study. The study was carried out for a duration of two years from April 2018 to April 2020. The MMP-9 expression was studied by immunohistochemical staining. The statistical comparison was done using Chi-square test between groups, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. The data was statistically analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0, IBM Corporation, USA for MS Windows. Results: A total of 30 paraffin embedded archival tissue blocks were selected for this study. Among them nine cases were of Plexiform Ameloblastoma, eight of Unicystic Ameloblastoma, three of Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma, four of Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma and six were of Follicular Ameloblastomas. The MMP-9 showed variable expression in different histopathological subtypes of ameloblastoma. This difference was statistically significant between Plexiform and Acanthomatous as well as Plexiform and Follicular variants (p<0.05). A 66.7% (6 out of 9 samples) of Plexiform Ameloblastoma showed intense staining for MMP-9. Conclusion: Expression of MMP-9 varies in different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and may not have an association with biological behaviour and aggressiveness.
A Review on Adaptation Practices of Affected People with Riverine Floods in Bangladesh
Authors: Afrose Meem Romana , Ahmed Arif , Hossain Md. Shamim
Published: January 2022

Bangladesh is a riverine country. Every year flood devastated Bangladesh. Therefore, response and adaptation strategies of flood affected people are important for planning future mitigation action. Present study focuses to review on adaptation practices of affected people with riverine floods in Bangladesh to reduce vulnerability of awaited flood. Consequently, they adopt several adaptation techniques by their life long experience. The major adaptation practiced of the people are raise homesteads using ‘dig-elevate-dwell’ principle of settlement, cultivate flood tolerant paddy (e.g. bona aman), cultivate vegetables in floating bed, tube well have been placed on an elevated base or raised with an additional pipe, and cementing the base of tube well. People also use their indigenous knowledge to cure diseases during flood. Hence, holy basil, and basak (Adhatoda Vasica) are used to treat colds and fevers. On the contrary, durba grass, gando badal (Gaultheria Fragrantissima), garden mint, and Indian pennywort are used for diarrhea and dysentery. Basically, people’s indigenous adaptation techniques have helped them to reduce damages of property and lives as well. Therefore, various types of adaptation should incorporate at the local level plan and implement by the concerned authority.
Innovative Methods to Assess the True Genetic Potentialities of Newly Developed Inbred Lines of Early Segregating Generation (F4) in Baby Corn (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Archana K. A. , Deshpande Sanjeev K.
Published: January 2022

The innovative method to assess the true genetic potentialities of inbreds was an effective way to identify potential inbreds. The pooled analysis methods viz., simple pooled gca method, per cent pooled gca method and weighted pooled gca method was used to calculate overall combining ability. In the present study, two heterotic populations were crossed in the line × tester method. These innovative methods were used to assess overall combining ability based on pooled analysis using eight different economic traits in baby corn. In Population A, the inbreds viz., P48, P41, P30, P14 and P50 were considered as top five for yield-related traits. Likewise, the inbreds viz., H95, H81, H51, H20 and H97 belonging to Population B were best combiners for yield and its related traits.
Pattern of ocular Diseases among Children under Five Years of Age in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Onwuegbuna Arinze Anthony , Ijeoma Apakama Akunne , Akujuobi Chianakwalam Emeka , Chika Amobi Miriam-Benigna
Published: January 2022

Background:  Children under 5 years are prone to ocular disorders which could be congenital or acquired. Early recognition of these conditions and timely intervention enhances optimum results. There is paucity of data on the pattern of ocular disorders among these children in Nigeria and this makes it difficult for policy makers to plan health systems that will target this very important group of the population. 

Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular diseases among children less than 5 years of age in Onitsha, Anambra state Nigeria.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of children under 5 years of age that presented to City of Refuge Specialist Eye Clinic Onitsha, Nigeria between January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2020. Their case files were retrieved and relevant information extracted. Sociodemographics, month of presentation to the eye clinic and diagnoses were analyzed.

Results: A total of 133 children were studied. The patients comprised 85 (63.9%) males and 48 (36.1%) females, with an approximate male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Eye diseases seen were both congenital 32(24.1%) and acquired 101 (75.9%). Of the congenital type, 20 (62.5%) were males, while 12 (37.5%) were females. Most common ocular morbidities recorded were allergic conjunctivitis 41(30.8%) and infective conjunctivitis 34(25.6%).

Conclusion: Most of the causes of ocular morbidity in this study were preventable or treatable. Therefore, early detection and management of eye diseases in children will reduce complications in later life.
Association between a SLC23A2 Gene Variation, Plasma Vitamin C Levels, and Risk of Different Diseases
Authors: Darwish Hassan Sadek , Al-Ghammari Amal , Al-Amrani Fatma , Al-Saadi Khaloud , Al-Hatmi Munira , Al-Hasani Najla , Al-Khusaibi Tasneem
Published: January 2022

Background: Vitamin C is an important plasma water-soluble antioxidant that plays an essential role in the absorption of iron, detoxification of exogenous compounds, and remaking vitamin E for the protection of lipid membranes. In addition, vitamin C is essential in the synthesis of collagen. Vitamin C concentrations of plasma are determined by dietary intake and genetic factors. Ascorbic acid is the functional form of vitamin C, which is transported into the cell through sodium vitamin C transporters (SVCTs). There are two forms of SVCTs which are SVCT1 encoded by the SLC23A1 gene and SVCT2 encoded by the SLC23A2. The SLC23A2 gene locus on human chromosome 20P12. It expresses in most human tissues, except lung and skeletal muscle that it is important in regulating the intracellular concentration of ascorbic acid to protect the cell from oxidative stress and promote type 1 collagen maturation. Maintaining proper concentrations of plasma and cellular vitamin C concentration is important for the normal metabolic function of the body and preventing several diseases. In the contrast, a low concentration of vitamin C caused by SLC23A2 variation can cause several chronic diseases. Our systematic review discusses four diseases related to the variation of SLC23A2 gene and plasma vitamin C levels which are glaucoma, acute coronary syndrome among women, gastric cancer, and HPV16-associated head and neck cancer.

Methods: By using NCBI databases, specifically GenBank to analyze DNA sequence and mRNA sequence of SLC23A2 gene. GenBank file format was helpful to extract an accession number of the gene, number of amino acids, number of exons and introns, and length of nucleotides. FASTA format was also useful to retrieve the nucleotide sequence and get the function of the protein. BLAST was used to compare the protein product of the SLC23A2 gene between humans and Macaca mulatta (Rhesus monkey).

Results: the accession number of the SLC23A2 gene was NC_000020.11, the number of exons found was 18, and the gene was located in chromosome 20. This gene encodes one of the two required transporters, and the encoded protein accounts for tissue-specific uptake of vitamin C. This gene had an official symbol of SLC23A1. And they found a significant association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1279683 (A > G) in SLC23A2 and an increased risk of POAG in homozygous G allele (GG) carriers. Also, POAG patients with this SNP appear to have a significantly lower level of plasma vitamin C compared to other genotypes. Finally, many organisms have the same gene, such as dogs, mice, rats, and chickens.

Conclusion: there is a significant association between SLC23A2 gene mutation, increased risk for vitamin C deficiency, and several diseases. SNP in the SLC23A2 gene was significantly associated with a higher risk of POAG in GG allele carriers as well as lower plasma vitamin C concentration.
Saudi Population Awareness Regrading Methods of Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Abdelrazik Mohammed , Aldakkan Osamah Zeid , Almurashi Afnan Abdaljabbar , Alshareef Balsam Ghazi , Almohareb Saad Abdulmalik , Alshaya Khuloud Hussein , Alzahrani Reema Saleh , Algarni Mohammed Ahmed , Alosaimi Miad Matuq , Alzahrani Khames T.
Published: January 2022

Aims: To assess the level of knowledge about colorectal cancer screening methods among the population in Saudi Arabia.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: General Surgery Department, between January 2021 and November 2022.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional, survey-based study conducted in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using a predesigned self-administered online questionnaire. Inclusion criteria include Saudi male and female between 18-65 years in Saudi Arabia. Then data were analyzed by the SPSS program, version 25 at a level of significance of 0.05.

Results: A total of randomly taken 794 participants who filled our questionnaire according to the inclusion criteria. Most of our participants (67.1%) were females and 32.9% of them were males. Only 17.5% of the participants were less than 20 years old, 62.5% of them were between 20 and 30 years old and 20% were more than 30 years old. Most of our participants (58.3%) were university educated,

Conclusion: CRC screening were not well known in Saudi Arabia. Educational programs are compulsory and should target people at risk.
Awareness of Parents Regarding DKA Symptoms in their Children with Type I DM
Authors: Hamed Nazim Faisal , Alhawiti Manal Mohammed E. , Albalawi Eman Hamed A. , Alzahrani Lena Defallah G. , Alhawiti Raghad Mohammed E. , Alatawi Sahar Yahya S. , Albalawi Maram Atallah M. , Albalawi Bashaier Musslum M. , Alzahrani Alanoud Abdullah M. , Alsayed Maram Saleh Ahmed , Alblowi Yassmeen Hmoud S. , Albalwi Ziad Saleh D. , Alasmari Khaled Abdullah S.
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common emergency and life-threatening illness. Also, if not detected early, early treatment in the emergency room can cause serious complications. The goal of managing type 1 diabetes is to maintain the correct levels of blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure, lipid levels, and body weight while avoiding hypoglycemia. Treatment of type 1 diabetes requires proper insulin treatment, proper nutrition, physical activity, preventive education, and patient self-care Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine parental perceptions of DKA symptoms in children with type 1 diabetes in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: In the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to May 2021 among parents with diabetic children at the Diabetes Center in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabia using a pre-designed online questionnaire distributed on social media web-sites to collect data.  Data was analyzed by using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS, version 23) and results was presented by tabular and graphical presentation according to the study objectives.

Results: only 42.9% of our participants responded that they have good knowledge about DKA. 19.2% thought it only occurs in children. 43.3% of our participants knew that DKA is a complication of diabetes due to hyperglycemia. Regarding the source of information about DKA among our participants, our data demonstrated that only 22.9% of our participants got their information about DKA from the doctors, and 31.8% of the participants had the internet as their source of information regarding DKA. In the current study, 14% of the participants said that they had a child had DKA at least one, and 91.6% of them were admitted to the hospital. There was a significant relation with gender, age of the parent, and educational level, while it showed insignificant relation with marital status.

Conclusion: In conclusion, knowledge of most of parents of diabetic children about diabetic ketoacidosis is poor. Their main knowledge source is not trustful or adequate. Their main knowledge source is not trustful or adequate. Therefore, we recommend policy makers to held health education to parents and/or caregivers of type 1 diabetic children regarding all aspects of DKA. It must be properly achieved in a structured manner based on a general outline that should include education at the onset of treatment and then repeated based upon an annual assessment of patients’ training needs or upon their own request. Areas of poor knowledge related to diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis should be emphasized during health education sessions.
The Outpatient Use of Ascorbic Acid in a Public Healthcare Organization in Riyadh Region
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Ansari Mohammad Javed
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to describe the outpatient use of ascorbic acid in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study included reviewing the outpatient electronic prescriptions that contained ascorbic acid in a public healthcare organization in Riyadh Region.

Results: More than 51% of the patients who received ascorbic acid in the hospital during 2018 were females and the age of 57.14 % of them was less than 30 years. Most of the prescriptions were regular prescriptions (88.57%) and only 5.71% of the prescriptions were urgent prescriptions. More than 42% of the patients received ascorbic acid for 1 week and 37.14% of them received it for 1 month. Most of the prescriptions were prescribed by residents (85.71%) and most of these prescriptions were prescribed by emergency department (80.00%).

Conclusion: The prescribing of ascorbic acid was uncommon in the public hospital. More studies are needed to know the frequency and the pattern of using ascorbic acid in the public hospital and in other healthcare organizations in Riyadh Region.
Rehabilitation of a Patient with Wedge Compression with Paraplegia: A Case Report
Authors: Wanjari Mayuri K. , Timothy Rebecca , Menon Suchitra , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Qureshi Mohammad Irshad , Dadgal Ragini , Samal Snehal
Published: January 2022

Background: Despite the most significant efforts of many experts to provide natural therapeutic therapies, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic event with limited functional recovery. After a spinal cord injury, paraplegia can develop. Damage to the ligaments, vertebrae, or discs of the spinal column causes this. Paraplegia is the loss of muscle function in the lower half of the body, including both legs. Leg paralysis, in this case in which affects all parts of the pelvic organs, legs, and torso. This is partly owing to the complex character of SCI, which involves a great deal of disarray and malfunction as a result of the initial injury. Secondary degeneration is caused by neurotoxicity, vascular malfunction, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and demyelination.

Presentation of Case: 34year old male patient with wedge compression was diagnosed on x-ray after a fall from the tree.

Discussion: The requirements for regeneration, rehabilitation, and neuroprotection appear to necessitate a diverse set of therapeutic approaches that can be used at different stages of the post-injury response.

Conclusion: We'll focus on one strategy, in particular, physical training/exercise, which looks to have a wide range of applications and benefits for those with a chronic or acute SCI.
Quantification and Stability Indicating Method Development and Validation of Vismodegib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Goud V. Mohan , Harini M. , Devi CH. B. Praveena , Goud M. Meghana
Published: January 2022

Background: Vismodegib (VMD) is a drug of choice for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma. Present studies carried out to estimate VMD by RP-UPLC technique and to develop a simple, précised, accurate method for routine analysis.

Methods: For this purpose Chromatographic conditions used were stationary phase STD BEH C18  column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8m), a mixture of Methanol:KH2PO4 taken in the ratio 50:50%v/v as a mobile phase with a pH 7.4 and flow rate was maintained at 0.3ml/min, detection wave length was Acquity TUV 254nm, column temperature was set to 30oC and diluent was mobile phase, Conditions were finalized as optimized method.

Results: System suitability parameters were studied by injecting the standard six times. Linearity study was carried out between 25% to150% (37.5-225µg/ml) levels, R2 value was found to be as 0.9992. Precision was found to be 0.6 for repeatability and 0.4 for intermediate precision. LOD and LOQ are 0.33 µg/ml and 0.99 µg/ml respectively and results were well under the acceptance criteria.

Conclusion: By using above method assay of marketed formulation was carried out and was found 100.12%. Degradation studies of VMD were done, in all conditions purity threshold was more than purity angle and within the acceptable range. The developed method was simple and can be used for routine analysis.
The Outpatient Prescribing Pattern of Topical Lidocaine in Al Seih
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Ansari Mohammad Javed
Published: January 2022

Aim: The present study aimed to describe the prescribing pattern of topical lidocaine in the outpatient setting in Al Seih.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study that includes reviewing the electronic prescriptions that contained topical lidocaine among outpatients in a public hospital in Al Seih.

Results: More than 52% of the patients who received topical lidocaine were males and the age of 36.84% of them was between 30 and 39 years.  Most of the patients who received topical lidocaine for 7 days (64.47%). Topical lidocaine prescriptions were written mainly by residents (96.05%). More than 55% of the topical lidocaine prescriptions were prescribed by the emergency department and 38.16% of the prescriptions were prescribed by general surgery department.

Conclusion: The present study showed that the prescribing of topical lidocaine was uncommon in Al Seih. Further studies are required to investigate the pattern and the frequency of topical lidocaine and other topical anesthetics in the outpatients setting and in other settings.
Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Patient- A Case Report
Authors: Patil Anushri , Jawade Swapna , Chitale Neha
Published: January 2022

Rotator cuff pathology is usual, and the ailment's natural history suggests that tears enlarge with age. Rotator cuff tears are a familiar origin of pain and ailment in the shoulder. The research on treatment of rotator cuff tears is mixed. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence regarding the effectiveness of physiotherapy in lowering pain and enhance shoulder function in patients with symptomatic rotator cuff tears. Rotator cuff injuries are typically followed by a gradual onset of pain, but they can also be the result of an acute injury. Chronicity, underlying anatomic and physical factors, age, and the presence and severity of tendon tears all influence how rotator cuff conditions are managed. Conservative care, such as physical therapy, is typically used as the first line of defence, but surgical repair may be required later on. Rotator cuff (RC) tears can range from partial to full thickness tears of a single tendon to massive cuff tears. Rotator cuff tearing can be caused by glenohumeral trauma as well as pathological process. As a result, Treatment necessitates a diligent diagnosis as well as a distinguished approach that considers morphological and patient-specific effects. The therapeutic approach is determined by the patient's pathogenicity, tear morphology, clinical symptoms, and functional demands. The current case is about an 51 year old male who was admitted to the hospital with tear injury to right shoulder due to fall from truckmuscle strength and range of motion were main focus of physiotherapy intervention. The prime goal of this case study was to assess the patient’s response to physiotherapy for reinforcement and functional task.
Necessity of Structured Exercise Training Program and Its Feasability on Physical Capacity and Health Statuswith Post COVID-19 Syndrome Patients
Authors: Kumbhare Ruhi , Vardhan Vishnu , Yadav Vaishnavi , Walke Rashmi
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and has become a global public health emergency. The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a pandemic. Pulmonary Rehabilitation has shown good impact on Quality of life , Functional capacity and health status of patients  with  Chronic Respiratory Disease Recently there are various  guidelines  and  consensus  available  for  Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Post – COVID patients that has been extrapolated from other respiratory condition. There is paucity of literature that has shown the effect  of  Exercise  training  program on Physical capacity  and  Health status of  patient  with  Post  COVID 19 syndrome. So the present study uses the available evidence on COVID 19 patients to prepare the exercise program and implement it on post COVID syndrome patients.Thus, the aim of this study  is  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  supervised  Exercise  Training   Program on  Post  COVID-19 syndrome patients

Methodology: In this experimental study total 70 patients with Post Covid Syndrome will be included and they will be equally divided into two groups. Group A will receive supervised exercise training, while Group B will receive unsupervised exercise training. Participant will be evaluated at the beginning of therapy or after 6 weeks.

Discussion: This study is conducted to evaluate effectiveness of structured exercise training program and its feasibility on physical capacity and health status of patients with Post COVID19 syndrome.

Conclusion: Its effectiveness of a structured exercise program and its feasibility on physical capacity and health status of patients with Post COVID19 syndrome will be evaluated.
Microbiological Profile of Neonatal Septicemia by Automated Blood Culture System (BacT/ALERT) at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
Authors: Bindiya J. Ghedia , Shah Manish R.
Published: January 2022

Background: This study was carried out to do rapid diagnosis of neonatal septicemia to prevent septicemia related complications and neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital from a period of March 2014 to August 2015. This is a non-randomized, prospective study in which one hundred and nine cases of suspected neonatal septicemia on the basis of antenatal high risk factors and signs and symptoms of sepsis were studied. Blood samples were collected from neonates in whom septicemia was suspected usually before antibacterial agents were given and both positive and negative samples were detected by automated system BacT/ALERT.

Results: Out of 109 samples tested, 69 samples were positive and 40 samples were negative. The incidence of neonatal septicemia due to Gram positive organisms (62.85%) was found to be high. Among them Coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (27) (38.57%) was most common organism followed by Staphylococcus aureus (11) (15.71%), Enterococcus spp. (7.14%) and Streptococcus spp. (1.43%). Rate of Gram negative organisms was quite low (32.85%). Out of them Acinetobacter spp. (17.14%) was most common followed by Klebsiella spp. (7.14%), E.coli (5.71%) and Pseudomonas spp. (2.86%).

Conclusion: Early detection of infection in neonates and proper antibiotics for the treatment leads to reduced morbidity and mortality.