bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Essays on the measurement of pressure on the foreign exchange market in Morocco
Authors:   University Hassan I- ENCG Settat- Morocco, Hrifa Ahmed
Published: February 2023

This article aims to measure the pressure on the Moroccan foreign exchange market through the EMPI index. It was found that no crisis was signaled by this index during the years 2018 and 2019, which means that the policy of gradual flexibility of the exchange rate regime, which entered into force in January 2018, played a key role in this sense. Consequently, this reform would undoubtedly have reduced the pressure on the exchange rate by making the Moroccan economy more resilient and less vulnerable to exogenous shocks. Thus, 8 periods of crisis were identified with significantly high probabilities. Among these 8 periods, we can distinguish 3 periods which have been planned with more intensity, in particular in the second half of 2008, in the first half of 2012 and 2017.
Constitutional Court Decision Number 23/PUU-XIX/2021: Analysis of Judges' Considerations Is It Permissible to Take Cassation Against Decisions to Postpone Debt Payment Obligations?
Authors: Yitawati Krista , Pujiyono  , Adi Sulistiyono
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 23/PUU-XIX/2021 regarding the permissibility of cassation in the Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU).
Methodology: The research method used by the researcher was a normative research method by reviewing statutory regulations and related legal materials.
Results: The judge's consideration in the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 23/PUU-XIX/2021 is the permit of a cassation legal action against the decision on PKPU submitted by the creditor and the rejection of the offer of reconciliation from the debtor so that the court's decision on the PKPU application submitted by the creditor can be corrected as part of the control mechanism over court decisions at lower levels. However, with this decision, it is necessary to immediately issue implementing regulations regarding the mechanism for submitting PKPU and to control the good faith of creditors, so they do not actually injure. This is because the existence of debtors becomes a part of business actors playing a role in maintaining economic stability, so business continuity is sustained and is not misused. That being said, the legal certainty of the PKPU instrument can definitely be realized in accordance with the spirit of Law 37/2004, which is to provide legal protection for business actors.
Applications of the study: It is expected that the legal certainty of the PKPU instrument can definitely be realized in accordance with the spirit of Law Number 37 of 2004, which is to provide balanced legal protection between debtors and creditors.
Novelty/Orginalty of this study: This research is conducted due to the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 23/PUU-XIX/2021 that has recently been issued, the author analyzed the impact of the issuance of the decision on creditors and debtors.
Keywords: Judges' Considerations, Decisions, Constitutional Court, PKPU
Stepchildren And Incest: Law Enforcement Efforts Against Sexual Abuse In Families (A Case Study on the Decisions of Wonogiri State Court, Idi Sharia Court, and Banda Aceh Sharia Court)
Authors: Surbakti Natangsa , Samodra Nerisia Bunga , Kurnianingsih Marisa
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Purpose of the study: This paper aims to analyze three cases of sexual violence perpetrated by stepfathers to underage stepdaughters (incest) in Wonogiri Regency and Aceh Province.
Methodology: This legal research used a normative juridical approach. The literary legal research was conducted by studying literary materials or secondary data. The writers used the Legal System Theory of Lawrence M. Friedman.
Results: Friedman opined that there are four elements in law enforcement. In the analyzed cases, they were: (1) legal structure: the court and sharia courts, (2) legal substance: laws used by judges in deciding upon the cases, namely Law No. 17 of 2016 and Aceh Qanun No. 6 of 2014, (3) legal culture: society had a role in enforcing the law in these cases, as the police force, general prosecutors, and judges have carried out their functions well, and (4) legal impact: the strict implementation of punishments will bring a greater deterrent effect on the perpetrators. Some factors triggered the crime of incest to happen, namely: (1) the perpetrator, (2) the victims as underage children are deemed powerless against the perpetrator, and (3) the environmental condition where the houses were deserted.
Applications of this study: This analysis can be used by the government to better enforce the law on sexual violence in families in Indonesia.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This writing analyzes three cases using two aspects, namely Friedman's theory and judicial consideration in making decisions.
Keywords: Stepchild, Law Enforcement, Sexual Violence, Incest.
The Adoption of Children with a Refugee Status: An Analysis of International Laws and Jurisprudence
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Soesilo Galih Bagas , Muhammad Rizal Sirojudin
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Objective: This research aims to undergo a juridical analysis of the stipulations for the adoption of refugee children from the perspective of international law. 
Methodology: This was juridical normative research that collected data using the literary study method. This research used primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and non-legal materials research instruments.
Findings: A core principle in making policies concerning refugee children is the ‘best interest rule’, which has two main implementations: the making of governmental policies and decisions made on the children as individuals. Adoption may only be considered after all efforts on tracing and reunifying child refugees with their families have failed, or if the child’s parents have agreed on that adoption according to the standard stipulated in the Convention on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption. A jurisprudence concerning this was the case of Mariya Abdi Ibrahim vs Norway in the European Court of Human Rights for Application No. 15379/16. Indonesian stipulations are not in line with the international law that allows the adoption of refugee children.
Application: This research may provide insight for the Indonesian government in considering an alternative care model for the many child refugees in Indonesia.
Originality: This research described alternative model patterns that may be applied in Indonesia, as the government only regulated the prohibition of adopting international child refugees in Indonesia. But when referring to some international conventions, some types of alternative care are permitted, including adoption, even though it is only applied as a last resort.
Keywords: adoption, children, refugee, international law, Indonesia.
Pendampingan dan Psikoedukasi Pengasuhan Anak Autism Spectrum Disorder pada Staff dan Orangtua Dampingan PLA Naimata
Authors: Thoomaszen Friandry Windisany , Octavianus Philia , Sheldena Devi Novita , Sette Gusti , Tade Resinta Febriyanti , Boki Omri , Toabnani Berti
Published: February 2023

Due to the numerous challenges of providing for autistic children on a daily basis, parental cluelessness of how to care for autistic children, and lack of parental support for the therapy process that has been taught by the Autism Service Center, parents with autistic children are more likely to experience stress. As a result, employing the PAR methodology, Christian psychology study programs engage in community service projects that teach parenting techniques for raising autistic children. The PKM team engages in mentoring and psychoeducational activities, which are divided into two primary sessions (i.e, Session 1 included lecturing, relaxation, and question and answer; Session 2 including simulation, roleplaying, and question-and-answer). The PKM activity process was examined both quantitatively and qualitatively. With the highest scores in the very good category (74.07%, 59.25%, and 55.55% respectively), participants gave the elements of a comfortable setting or facility, handouts or teaching materials that are very helpful in learning and comprehending the content, and a willingness to join once more if the Christian Psychology Study Program offers another activity. Based on the qualitative data, the participants explicitly expressed their opinion that this activity was very good, useful, could transfer new knowledge in regards to caring for ASD children, could address their needs and difficulties, and it was hoped that this activity would be sustained in the future. Thus, resources and a number of delivery modalities can be used to provide support and psychoeducation about parenting styles for kids with autism, which can address the needs, aspirations, and issues of PLA Naimata Staff and Assisted Parents.
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN MODERN VETERINARY PRACTICE
Authors: Kalishyan M. S.
Published: February 2023

The success of therapeutic measures depends on the availability of the modern methods of diagnostics to practitioners, understanding by them the advantages and existing limitations of each method. Biological markers (BMs) are widely used in scientific and practical medicine as a method for diagnosing the presence or absence of disease, the response to treatment, the reaction of organism to an intervention or therapeutic manipulation, for the disease progress prognosis. BMs provide a unique opportunity for early minimally invasive diagnostics in oncology, nephrology, endocrinology and other specialities. In spite of certain progress much less biological markers are used in veterinary medicine compared to human medicine. Some BMs are not relevant for veterinary medicine others are not studied enough. It may take a very long time from the moment of discovering a molecule potentially significant as a BM to its implementation into practice, or this may never happen at all. This work is aimed at reviewing the available data on the BMs most widely used in veterinary medicine. In the review the data referring to the principles of finding new BMs, the stages of validation, as well as the factors hindering wide implementation of BMs into clinical laboratory diagnostics was systemised. The information about the BMs currently used in the various fields of clinical practice and the BMs panels, was presented. 46 foreign and domestic veterinary and biomedical publications for the last 10 years were analysed.
ANTHELMINTIC DRUGS EFFICACY AGAINST BOVINE FASCIOLIASIS
Authors: Klimova E. S.
Published: February 2023

Parasitic diseases in cattle are widespread in the territory of the Russian Federation. At the farms of Udmurtia various kinds of ruminants parasitic fauna are represented and therefore the vast use of antiparasitic drugs entails a range of problems: their toxic side effects on animals’ organism, restrictions for livestock products consumption (milk, meat). Based on the aforementioned, the aim of the work was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against bovine fascioliasis under the Udmurt Republic conditions. The coprological examinations were made in the conventional sedimentation technique; in total 50 head of cows aged 3–5 years were examined. To determine the extensive and intensive efficacy of the drugs based on the analogy principle five groups per 10 animals were formed, four - experimental ones and the fifth served as a control one. Four drugs were used in the experiment: «Rolenol», «Santel 10 %», «Albendozole 10 %» (suspension for oral administration) and «Santomectin». When evaluating the efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against trematode infestations in cattle it was found that all of the used drugs showed high efficacy on the 40th day after dehelmintization, but due to the fact that the causative agent Fasciola hepatica belongs to biohelminthic diseases with chronic course the period of therapeutic efficacy was evaluated for up to 60 days. The maximum extensive efficacy – 90 % and intensive efficacy from 63.54 % to 83.33 % respectively were found in the groups of animals dehelmintized with: «Albendozole 10 %» in the form of suspension for oral administration and the injectable «Santomectin»; these antiparasitic drugs have a similar mechanism of action on helminths. The use of the latter is more cost-effective for agricultural enterprises, which must be taken into consideration when planning the combat measures against trematode infestations in cattle.
EFFICACY OF THE DRUG «VETLAN» FOR TREATMENT OF ALLERGIC ETIOLOGY DERMATITIS IN CATS
Authors: Bushmina A. A. , Orobets V. A.
Published: February 2023

Local treatment occupies an important place in dermatology, since the applied drugs render the therapeutic effect locally on the lesioned skin. This method is often used as complementation to the systemic treatment, thereby shortening a recovery period and giving a veterinary physician an opportunity to reduce the dose and frequency of the main systemic drug. The article presents the results of efficacy evaluation of the drug «VetLan», which is composed on the basis of colloidal silver, nano zinc oxide and lanthanum oxide and intended for treatment of allergic etiology dermatitis in cats. The proposed drug helps to reduce the time and to increase the efficacy of cats treatment when included into a complex therapy. It was found that «VetLan» is efficient in 77.7 % of cases, namely 7 out of 9 cats were cured after application of the drug, whereas the efficacy after application of the drug «Eplan» was 55.5 %. The duration of treatment was 14.2 ± 1.38 days for flea allergic dermatitis, 9.3 ± 2.05 days for atopic skin syndrome. The respective figures for animals in the control group were 18.2 ± 0.68 and 10.6 ± 1.69 days. Compared to the control group, the regeneration of lesioned epithelium in case of flea allergic dermatitis was 1.4–1.6 times faster, in case of atopic skin syndrome 1.3–1.5 times faster. In the course of this study no side effects as of irritation or allergy were found in cats after using the developed drug.
Parameatal cyst: A presentation of a rare case and literature review
Authors: Akhmetov Daniyar , Zhanbyrbekuly Ulanbek , Nurberdiyev Aluadin , Baskakov Vladislav , Khairli Gafour , Suleiman Makhmud
Published: February 2023

Parameatal cysts are very rare in clinical practice due to their asymptomatic course. This article presents one such case. A 25-year-old male patient with a formed spherical cystic tumor measuring 0.7 cm in the area of the external opening of the urethra. Total resection of the cystic formation, suturing of the resulting imperfections was carried out. According to the results of histology, the cyst is formed by a flat and cylindrical epithelium. After 3 months of follow-up, good results were established without relapse and cosmetic appearance.
Informed consent research at a tertiary hospital: How impactful is competency in simpler versus standard consent forms for intravitreal injection therapy?
Authors: Gobeka Hamidu Hamisi , Şenol Yiğit , Alijanli Saadet , Doğan Mustafa , Ay İbrahim Ethem
Published: February 2023

Aim: To compare the impact of competency in intravitreal injection therapy (IVIT)-related simpler versus standard consent forms (CFs).

Material and methods: Four hundred patients scheduled for IVIT in a tertiary hospital were enrolled between April 1, 2022 and June 30, 2022. These patients were eligible for the study if they had their first IVIT in one eye; those scheduled for IVIT in the other eye were not. Data, including age, gender, educational level, whether the patient was admitted alone or with a companion, and prior IVIT status were collected. A trained clinic secretary first gave the patients the commonly used standard CFs, followed by simpler CFs.

Results: The mean age was 66.10±9.90 years. 93.80% had previously received IVIT. 53.80% of the patients consented on their own. While 98.00% consented without reading standard CFs, 56.00% consented after reading simpler CFs (p<0.001). The need for IVIT-related extra information and the desire against having IVIT were significantly higher in simpler than standard CFs (p<0.001). 5.00% of those who approved IVIT without reading both forms were illiterate, and 29.20% had vision issues. The probability of simpler CF reading increased by 4.653 and 7.510 times in high school and university graduates, respectively, relative to primary school graduates.

Conclusion: Simpler CFs had a much higher reading rate, which was linked to a higher rate of patients opting against IVIT. In medical fields like ophthalmology, where many procedures and research are performed, ethically approved informed consent requires consideration of patients' education and prior treatment experience.
Seasonal and epidemiological profile of chickenpox cases in Kazakhstan
Authors: Yerdessov Sauran , Abbay Anara , Makhammajanov Zhalaliddin , Gusmanov Arnur , Sakko Yesbolat , Zhakhina Gulnur , Mussina Kamilla , Syssoyev Dmitriy , Alimbayev Aidar , Gaipov Abduzhappar
Published: February 2023

Background: According to the National infectious disease monitoring report, there is a fluctuating pattern of incidence of chickenpox in the country, but there are no studies reporting the epidemiological situation in Kazakhstan. There is a discernable association of varicella epidemiology with climate, particularly temperature dependency. We aimed to analyze the incidence and seasonality of chickenpox in the absence of universal varicella vaccination in Kazakhstan.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of the long-term dynamics of chickenpox was carried out, and data he state report "Sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2020" and data from the Unified Payment System (UPS) from 2014 to 2020 were used.

of registered patients between 2010 and 2020 were retrieved from the National infectious disease monitoring report and the Unified Payment System (UPS) database from 2014 to 2020, which is part of the Unified National Electronic Health System (UNEHS).

Results: The highest incidence rate for the studied period was registered in 2014 – 363.96 and the lowest was in 2020 – 95.8 per 100,000 population. Overall, 17,520 cases of chickenpox were recorded with an incidence rate of 95.8 per 100,000 population in the country in 2020 (against 41,841 cases, with an indicator of 228.9 in 2019). The highest proportion of cases is observed among children from 4 to 6 years old (29%), children from 1 to 3 years old  (24%)  and  from 7 to 9 years old (15%) . Similar to previous years, there was an autumn-winter spreadingdistribution of morbidity, with the highest registration of morbidity in January.

Conclusion: The findings of this study can aid in the prediction of epidemics and the preparation for the impact of climate change on the disease mentioned in epidemiology by implementing preventive puBased on our study, the highest incidence rate of chickenpox in Kazakhstan was registered in 2014 (363.96 per 100,000 population) and morbidity was distributed in the autumn-winter season. These findings might aid in forecasting future outbreaks of infection based on the influence of climate change on chickenpox, and help in making a decision about the implementation of varicella preventive and control initiatives in the country.
Validation of the Kazakh version of the Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction in medical universities faculty staff sample
Authors: Uristemova Assem , Myssayev Ayan , Meirmanov Serik , Migina Lyudmila , Pak Laura , Baibussinova Assel
Published: February 2023

Aim: The present study aimed to perform validation and assessment of psychometric indicators of the Kazakh version of the Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction on the academic faculty staff.

Material and methods: The translation of the Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction was performed following the World Health Organization guidelines on the translation and adaptation of research instruments. 715 medical educators of Kazakhstani medical universities represented the study population. Preliminary statistical analysis included Cronbach’s alpha calculation. The psychometric properties of the instrument were examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

Results: Cronbach’s alpha obtained 0.83. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index reached 0.830, which indicated meritorious sample adequacy. CFA identified good factorial validity of the scale: all model fit indices exceeded the threshold values. The inter-item correlation index varied between r=0.616 and r=0.716, designating an acceptable correlation between variables. The total job satisfaction level was moderate (3.15±0.78). Women reported lower rates of job satisfaction, although the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.284).

Conclusion: Our findings provide support to the psychometric properties of the Kazakh version of the BIAJS as an instrument for the assessment of job satisfaction. The major advantages of the BIAJS are that it is optimally brief, highly affective, and has good internal validity.
Diagnostic significance of hematological parameters in brucellosis
Authors: Çelik Mehmet , Ceylan Mehmet Reşat , Altındağ Deniz , Dinçer Nevin Güler , Alkan Sevil
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Changes in hematological parameters are frequently observed in brucellosis patients. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of some hematological parameters in patients with brucellosis.

Material and methods: In this case-control study, the data of brucellosis patients and healthy volunteers followed up in the Outpatient Clinic of Infectious Diseases between 2018 and 2020 were retrospectively examined. In the hemogram examination of patients with brucellosis and health volunteers; hematological parameters such as the leukocyte, hemoglobin, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, ratio of neutrophil/lymphocyte, ratio of platelet/lymphocyte, ratio of monocyte/lymphocyte and mean platelet volume were compared.

Results: 255 people, 169 (66.3%) of whom were diagnosed with brucellosis and 86 (33.7%) from the control group, were included to the study. These participants of 112 (43.9%) were male and 143 (56.1%) were female. The patients diagnosed with brucellosis, of 62 (36.7%) were considered acute, of 62 (36.7%) subacute, and of 45 (26.6%) chronic brucellosis. leukocyte, hemoglobin, neutrophil, and neutrophil/lymphocyte levels were found to be lower in the brucellosis group compared to the control group, while mean platelet volume level was found to be higher. Hemoglobin was found to be lower and mean platelet volume higher in all brucellosis subgroups.

Conclusion: In this study, the following findings were determined to be important: the lowness of leucocyte and hemoglobin and highness of mean platelet volume in brucellosis patients, as well as the highness of lymphocyte levels and lowness of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte levels in the subacute brucellosis subgroup. In addition, it was concluded that the mean platelet volume parameter can be used as a diagnostic test for brucellosis.
Angle Instability and Oscillations Control using SVC: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Enhanced Local Controller
Authors: Huseinbasic Edin
Published: February 2023

An advanced control scheme to deal with transient angle instability and low-frequency angle oscillations in power systems is proposed in this paper. The control combines an existing controller (derived from the concept of Lyapunov energy functions) and deep Q-network (a deep reinforcement learning algorithm) to control a static VAr compensator. This control is modified in this paper in a way to directly control thyristor controller reactor part of the compensator, offering an easier implementation. The aim is to improve performances of existing control through the use of deep Q-network while retaining its basic system stabilization characteristics. Advantages of the proposed control scheme are illustrated by implementation of a model of four-machine test power system (this system is considered as the benchmark when studying the phenomena dealt with in this paper) in MATLAB/Simulink environment and using TensorFlow toolkit for deep Q-network usage.
Dispersive Fraction in Volume and Surface Potential Absorption Integral to the Neutron-99Tc Reaction
Authors: Jasim Mahdi H. , Hashesh Tabark S. , Khalaf Sabreen A.
Published: February 2023

The fractions in dispersive of the volume and surface absorption potential integral to the total real volume potential integral, were evaluated numerically for neutron-nucleus interaction. The dispersive fraction values have been adopted in modifying the accuracy of the optical potential of the reaction, which in turn improved the calculated cross-section for neutron-nucleus interaction in accordance with published experimental measurements. The use of dispersive fraction to the potential integral was applied for the (n+99Tc) reaction and the calculated cross-sections were compared with published works in neutron energy 30MeV.
Improving efficiency of radar observations of navigation situation in ice radars under strong interference
Authors: Suslov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Penkovskaya Kseniya Vyacheslavovna
Published: February 2023

The article considers the specific features of radar observations of the surrounding navigation situation in ice radars (IR) in polar latitudes and the reasons of their possible decreasing effectiveness. There is described a negative effect of the radio waves received by IR due to their reflection from hydrometeorological formations that occupy a large area of the scanned navigation space. The possible ways of improving the IR operation and creating the necessary conditions are analyzed. It has been inferred that in the case of observing the small-sized objects against the background of a strong extended hydrometeorological interference, digital processing of radar data slightly improves functioning of ice locators. It has been found out that in order to improve detecting small targets and measuring their parameters, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the radar from possible overload caused by the interference at the stage of primary processing of radar information (before using a digital filter). The structure of the device is proposed, which allows not only partial weakening the hydrometeorological interference in the IR operation, but also suppressing this interference. It is stated that improving the locator noise immunity during its operation is achieved by using the additional blocks in its composition that quickly detect short-term pulses caused by reflection from small-sized targets in the processed radar signal and convert them into a form in which it is possible to almost completely compensate for continuous interference. The method of mathematical modeling is used to study the effectiveness of the proposed device by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio achieved in it, the reaction time, and the structure of radar signals after their processing. According to the analysis results of the mathematical experiment there have been made the conclusions about the lack of factors limiting the possibility of using the proposed device as part of IR and the optimal variant of its implementation.
Penetapan Wasiat Wajibah Terhadap Ahli Waris Beda Agama (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Nomor: 16/Pdt.G/2015/PTA.Yk)
Authors: Tanaya Cinantya
Published: February 2023

Di Indonesia masih sering terjadi sengketa pewarisan beda agama. Hal ini disebabkan oleh belum adanya unifikasi peraturan tentang hukum waris. Dalam hukum waris Islam, perbedaan agama menjadi salah satu penghalang dalam mewaris. Wasiat wajibah merupakan suatu penemuan hukum oleh hakim dalam menyelesaikan perkara waris beda agama. Untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan wasiat wajibah dalam Putusan Pengadilan Nomor 16/Pdt.G/2015/PTA.Yk, perumusan masalah yang diajukan adalah: 1) Bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam menetapkan kedudukan istri dan anak sebagai ahli waris non-Islam terhadap harta peninggalan suami/ayah sebagai pewaris yang beragama Islam? 2) Bagaimana putusan hakim tentang kedudukan istri dan anak sebagai ahli waris non-Islam terhadap harta peninggalan suami/ayah sebagai pewaris yang beragama Islam?Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji aspek-aspek dari hukum positif dalam rangka menyelesaikan masalah-masalah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan dan yurisprudensi yang berlaku. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pengadilan Tinggi Agama Yogyakarta dan hasil penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi lapangan (wawancara) serta studi kepustakaan.Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pertimbangan hakim dalam memberi wasiat wajibah kepada ahli waris non-Islam adalah agar ahli waris non-Islam terlindungi dari ketidakadilan rasial, juga agar asas keadilan universal Islami dan prinsip egaliter dalam kewarisan Islam terpenuhi. Putusan hakim tentang kedudukan istri dan anak (ahli waris non-Islam) terhadap harta peninggalan suami/ayah (pewaris yang beragama Islam) adalah sebagai ahli waris dalam konteks wasiat wajibah. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap kedudukan istri dan anak yang non-Islam adalah sebagai penerima wasiat wajibah bukan sebagai ahli waris.
Pelaksanaan Upaya Perdamaian Dalam Perkara Perdata Studi Kasus Perkara Pengadilan Negeri Brebes Nomor 28/Pdt.G/2019/PN Bbs
Authors: Wijaya Ng, Ivy Puteri
Published: February 2023

Sengketa dapat terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan tidak selalu dapat diselesaikan atau diterima oleh para pihak dalam kurun waktu yang cepat. Contoh sengketa yang dapat terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat adalah wanprestasi atau kelalaian seseorang dalam perjanjian yang penyelesaiannya terkadang tidak dapat diselesaikan melalui proses non litigasi hingga para pihak menyelesaikan sengketa tersebut melalui pengadilan atau proses litigasi. Upaya untuk mencapai perdamaian yang sangat diperlukan dalam proses peradilan adalah mediasi. Mediasi dapat dilaksanakan di pengadilan maupun di luar pengadilan, akan tetapi dapat terjadi hal-hal yang dapat menghambat proses mediasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses upaya perdamaian serta hambatannya pada sengketa dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Brebes Nomor 28/Pdt.G/2019/PN Bbs.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data-data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diperoleh dengan wawancara dan studi pustaka.Upaya perdamaian dilaksanakan dengan mediasi di pengadilan dan di luar pengadilan. Mediasi di pengadilan dilaksanakan sebanyak tiga kali namun para pihak tidak dapat mencapai kesepakatan perdamaian, mediasi gagal. Para pihak dapat mencapai kesepakatan perdamaian dengan melaksanakan mediasi di luar pengadilan dengan negosiasi. Hambatan pada mediasi di pengadilan adalah mediasi hanya dipandang formalitas belaka oleh para pihak atau mediator, mediator tidak berperan secara aktif dalam mendamaikan para pihak. Penggugat tidak pernah hadir selama mediasi dan proses persidangan serta kuasa hukum para pihak sulit menghubungi klien masing-masing. Hambatan mediasi di luar pengadilan adalah kuasa hukum para pihak sulit melakukan pertemuan untuk membahas isi klausula pada draf penyelesaian dan melakukan penandatanganan karena adanya perbedaan domisili serta adanya penyebaran virus covid-19 yang baru masuk ke Indonesia. Walaupun terdapat berbagai hambatan yang terjadi selama proses mediasi di pengadilan maupun luar pengadilan, pada akhirnya para pihak tetap dapat mencapai kesepakatan perdamaian yang dituangkan dalam akta perdamaian.
Peran Siswa Sebagai Agen Perubahan Di Dalam Mencegah Perundungan (Studi Kasus Di SMPN 17 Semarang)
Authors: Sari Mahernaningtyas Puspita
Published: February 2023

Agen perubahan adalah seseorang atau sekelompok baik di sekolah maupun di luar sekolah untuk mencegah adanya peristiwa perundungan. Perundungan menimbulkan problematika hukum yaitu dengan melanggarnya empat dasar prinsip hak-hak anak yang terdapat pada Pasal 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Tahun 2017 agen perubahan pertama kali didirikan di SMPN 17 Semarang. Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1. Bagaimana peran agen perubahan untuk mencegah perundungan di sekolah SMPN 17 Semarang dan 2. Apakah faktor yang menjadi kendala dan penyelesaian atas kendala dalam menjalankan peran sebagai agen perubahan tersebut.Metode pendekatan yang digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitis. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara penulis dengan Kepala Bidang Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Dinas Pendidikan Kota Semarang, Kepala Sekolah SMPN 17 Semarang, Fasilitator Nasional Program Roots (Program Anti Bullying) di SMPN 17 Semarang, guru BK (Bimbingan Konseling) kelas tujuh di SMPN 17 Semarang serta perwakilan anggota agen perubahan yang ada di SMPN 17 Semarang.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa agen perubahan telah menjalankan peran preventif dan peran kuratif. Peran preventif adalah adanya pembentukan agen perubahan di SMPN 17 Semarang yang berperan untuk mencegah perundungan dan melakukan monitoring yang dibantu oleh guru BK (Bimbingan Konseling) kepada siswa-siswi baik korban maupun pelaku perundungan. Peran Kuratif adalah melaporkan kepada guru BK (Bimbingan Konseling) jika terjadi perundungan dan melakukan kerja sama dengan orang tua korban maupun pelaku perundungan agar mendidik anaknya di rumah supaya tidak melakukan perundungan. Kendala yang dihadapi agen perubahan terdiri dari faktor internaldan eksternal. Faktor internal yang dihadapi agen perubahan adalah keengganan siswa-siswi untuk melaporkan ke agen perubahan serta guru BK (Bimbingan Konseling)dan menganggap bahwa perundungan hanya sebagai bahan bercandaan. Kendala eksternalnya yang dihadapi agen perubahan dalam menjalankan perannya adalah faktor keluarga yang mempengaruhi pelaku karena jarang diperhatikan orang tua ketika di rumah dan adanya dukungan dari pihak orang tua bahwa laki-laki kalau tidak nakal maka bukan laki-laki.
Terapi Dislipidemia: Tanaman Penghambat HMG-CoA Reduktase
Authors: Oktavelia Wanda , Kusuma Sri Agung Fitri
Published: February 2023

HMG-CoA reduktase merupakan enzim yang dapat mengkatalisis HMG-CoA menjadi mevalonate yang diperlukan dalam biosintesis kolesterol. Dengan demikian, penghambatan terhadap enzim HMG-CoA reduktase merupakan mekanisme target obat yang efektif untuk mengatasi dislipidemia. Selama ini, pengobatan dislipidemia dilakukan dengan pemberian obat golongan statin secara rutin. Namun, obat golongan ini diketahui memiliki efek samping yang merugikan pada pemakaian jangka panjang seperti nyeri otot dan bahkan dapat mencetuskan terjadinya penyakit diabetes mellitus dan kondisi hepatotoksik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan terapi komplemen menggunakan herbal yang dinilai penggunaannya lebih aman. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri berbagai jenis tanaman yang memiliki kemampuan menghambat HMG-CoA reduktase yang serupa dengan kemampuan statin. Dari hasil penelusuran diperoleh berbagai tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai penghambat HMG-CoA reduktase yang dapat digunakan sebagai terapi komplemen dislipidemia dengan rentang penghambatan sebesar 55-98,5% melalui uji in vivo, in vitro, dan in silico. Di antara tanaman tersebut, yang paling efektif adalah Ficus virens W.T.Aiton dengan penghambatan sebesar 98,5%. Jadi, tanaman ini dapat berpotensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut sebagai antidislipidemia alami.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Potentials of Premna serratifolia L.: Traditional Medicinal Plant Used by Local People in Kalimantan
Authors: Khairunnisa Khalisha Qintara , Febriyanti Raden Maya , Muhaimin Muhaimin
Published: February 2023

Millions of people worldwide have been using herbal medicines for thousands of years, due to their great interest in traditional medicines. One of the plants in Indonesia which has medicinal properties but is not widely known by the public and used is Bebuas plant. Bebuas (Premna serratifolia Linn) has been observed growing in West Kalimantan. The people of West Kalimantan used bebuas leaves to reduce cholesterol levels, the young leaves used as a traditional medicine to expel wind in the body quickly, treat intestinal worms, and increase breast milk for nursing mothers, and the decoction of fresh leaves is used for colds and fever medicine. Several studies report bebuas (Premna serratifolia L.) had many pharmacological activities. Bebuas contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenoids/steroids that have a role in pharmacological activity. The present review aims to summarize the current state of scientific evidence on the pharmacological potentials of P. serratifolia. The subject of literature published from 2012 to 2022 were obtained frominternational research databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, SCOPUS, and Cochrane, using the keywords Premna serratifolia L., traditional medicine, medicinal plants, and pharmacology. The pharmacological activities which are discussed further in the review including antioxidant, anti-arthritic, anticholesterol, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihelmintic, antidiabetic, and anticancer/cytotoxic. The study suggests that Premna serratifolia L. is a potent source for further development of phytomedicine.
Un any d’invasió russa d’Ucraïna
Authors:   Investigadora, CIDOB, Arco Inés , Bargués Pol ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB, Bourekba Moussa ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB, Burguete Víctor ,   Investigador sénior, CIDOB, Claudín Carmen ,   Investigadora sénior asociada, CIDOB, Colomina Carme ,   Investigadora sénior, CIDOB, Fernández de Losada Agustí ,   Investigador senior y director del Programa Ciudades Globales, CIDOB, Morillas Pol ,   Director, CIDOB, Pasetti Francesco ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB
Published: February 2023

El 24 de febrer de 2022, el conflicte d’Ucraïna es va convertir en una guerra amb un impacte global. La ràpida entrada de l’exèrcit rus per l’est d’Ucraïna va accelerar també la descomposició de l’ordre postguerra freda que encara restava al continent europeu. Des d’aleshores, els paradigmes de l’arquitectura de seguretat, tant global com europea, han canviat dràsticament. La guerra ha impactat en la competició estratègica entre els Estats Units i la Xina, i en els mercats de recursos globals, com també en la mateixa construcció institucional d’Ucraïna. Aquesta Nota Internacional de CIDOB analitza l’impacte geopolític, econòmic, tecnològic i migratori d’un conflicte que continua escalant sobre el terreny. Sense una via de resolució encara a l’horitzó, l’amenaça d’una guerra llarga o d’un conflicte enquistat és el pitjor escenari per a Ucraïna i per a Europa.
One year since Russia invaded Ukraine
Authors:   Investigadora, CIDOB, Arco Inés , Bargués Pol ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB, Bourekba Moussa ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB, Burguete Víctor ,   Investigador sénior, CIDOB, Claudin Carmen ,   Investigadora sénior asociada, CIDOB, Colomina Carme ,   Investigadora sénior, CIDOB, Fernández de Losada Agustí ,   Investigador senior y director del Programa Ciudades Globales, CIDOB (, Morillas Pol ,   Director, CIDOB, Pasetti Francesco ,   Investigador principal, CIDOB
Published: February 2023

On February 24th 2022, the conflict in Ukraine became a war with global impact. The Russian army’s rapid entry into eastern Ukraine also hastened the breakdown of what remained of the post-Cold War order in Europe. Security architecture paradigms have changed dramatically at both global and European levels. US–China strategic competition, global resource markets and even Ukraine's institutional construction have all been shaken by the war. As the conflict continues to escalate on the ground, this CIDOB Nota Internacional analyses its impact in the geopolitical, economic, technological and migration fields. With no path to resolution in sight, the threat of a long war or a frozen conflict is the worst-case scenario for both Ukraine and Europe.
Las Emociones en la Educación Virtual Posgradual del Querer Hacer al Hacer que Ocurra
Authors: Sandoval Valero Erika María , Zamora de Schuliaquer Maigualida Coromoto
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de este ensayo es promover la reflexión sobre sobre como las emociones pueden impactar las vivencias de los usuarios de los Entornos Virtuales de aprendizaje EVA en nivel posgradual considerando una visión sistémica compleja e interdisciplinaria. El fin último de la reflexión es ofrecer un marco epistémico y teórico que oriente las acciones para usuarios e instituciones de educación superior para utilizar el sistema emocional al servicio de la permanencia dentro de la oferta académica y lejos de la deserción. Los usuarios pertenecen a un grupo etario caracterizados por una historia de formación en el contexto socioantropológica cultural signado por la digitalidad. Pasar a las exigencias de un contexto analógico demanda la adaptación emocional. Se utiliza una metodología documental, enfocadas en las características contextuales, la emocionalidad como proceso adaptativo y el conectivismo como opción pedagógica y didáctica que imbrica las ventajas de la virtualidad con el desarrollo emocional adaptativo orientado al logro. La reflexión se orienta a proporcionar información que permita a usuarios e instrucciones de educación superior entrar en el dialogo recursivo para generar acciones que conduzcan el tránsito del querer hacer parte exitosa de los EVA, a lograr que ocurran las metas académicas.
The Relics of the Buddha and the Elixir of Immortality – Mythological Parallels
Authors: Karp Artur
Published: February 2023

This is a preliminary analysis of issues resulting from comparing two images present in the Indian tradition, in their Buddhist (‘device’ guarding the relics of the Buddha) and Epic (‘device’ guarding the Elixir of Immortality) variants. Both images are located within the range of the notions of the sacred. That complicates but does not prevent the reconstruction of ideological messages directed to their prospective recipients. They are illustrated by the fate of the ‘holy substance’ obtained after breaking into and destroying both devices. The first one sanctifies the principles of free access and free participation, the second – of inherited privilege and inherited exclusion.
Influence of dietary chitosan supplementation on ovarian development and reproductive performance of New Zealand White rabbit does
Authors: Kamal Mahmoud , Aljahdali Nesreen , Jaber Fatima A. , Majrashi Kamlah A. , Kishk Waleid H. , Khalil Hassan A. , Abdel-Khalek Ahmed M. , Ayoub Mostafa A. , Abd El-Hack Mohamed E.
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of dietary chitosan supplementation on the productive and reproductive performance of New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. Forty healthy weaned female rabbits were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (10 females per group) and fed ad libitum for six months. A basal diet without chitosan supplementation was used as a control. The other three experimental groups were fed a basal diet plus 0.2, 0.4, or 0.6 g chitosan/kg diet. After eight weeks, three females from each group were sacrificed for morphological observation of ovarian tissues. The remaining animals were used for reproductive studies by a maximum of three parities. Morphological observation of ovaries demonstrated that females fed a diet containing 0.2 g/kg chitosan had increased ovarian diameter and elevated number of mature follicles compared with the control and the other experimental groups. Receptivity, conception rate, and kindling interval were significantly (P˂0.05) higher in females fed diets containing 0.2 and 0.4 g/kg chitosan compared to the other groups. Moreover, there was a trend toward a higher average milk yield throughout the lactating period in females fed a diet containing 0.2 g/kg chitosan (P=0.904). Diets containing up to 0.4 g/kg chitosan were positively correlated with increased receptivity rate and several parities. However, diets containing up to 0.4 g/kg chitosan were negatively correlated with decreased receptivity time, kindling interval, litter size at weaning, mortality rate at weaning, bunny weight at weaning, and milk yield. The present study’s findings indicate that diets containing 0.2 g/kg chitosan improved reproductive efficiency in female NZW rabbits.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in odontogenesis-related genes associated with tooth-size discrepancy
Authors: Bitencourt Reis Caio Luiz , Marañón-Vásquez Guido Artemio , Nakane Matsumoto Mirian Aiko , Baratto-Filho Flares , Sasso Stuani Maria Bernadete , Proff Peter , Kirschneck Christian , Küchler Erika Calvano
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in RUNX2, SMAD6, BMP2, and BMP4 genes in relation to tooth-size discrepancy (TSD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment measured the mesiodistal width of permanent teeth from pretreatment dental casts. Sixty-two patients were included in the study and TSD was assessed according to the Bolton analysis. The patients were allocated into a control group (without a TSD), an anterior excess group and an overall excess group. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and SNPs previously associated with tooth size were evaluated using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system. The Fisher exact test was performed to compare genotype and allele frequencies at an α = 0.05. An Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) were calculated.

Results: The rs59983488 SNP in the RUNX2 gene was significantly related to the presence of anterior mandibular tooth-size excess in allele (T allele: p<0.001; OR = 11.74; 95% CI =2.61–55.80), and genotype models (GT genotype: p = 0.002; OR = 12.69; 95% CI = 2.47–64.83). The rs3934908 SNP in the SMAD6 gene was significantly associated with the presence of an overall maxillary tooth-size excess in allele (T allele: p < 0.001) and genotype models (TT genotype: p = 0.010).

Conclusion: The present results suggest that SNPs in RUNX2 (rs59983488) and SMAD6 (rs3934908) genes may be associated with the presence of tooth-size excess.
Modal Verbs in Research Article Abstracts in Applied Linguistics: Juxtaposing Discursive Practices of the Inner and Outer Circles of English
Authors: Kapranov Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

The article introduces and discusses a computer-assisted study that seeks to shed light on the frequency and use of the central modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would) in research article (further: RA) abstracts in applied linguistics published in the Inner and Outer Circles of English, respectively. The study is informed by the construal of the Circles of English that are comprised of the Inner Circle, where English is spoken as the mother tongue (for example, the United Kingdom), the Outer Circle, where it is used as a second language in the former British colonies (for instance, Hong Kong, Malaysia, etc.), and the Expanding Circle (e.g., Japan), where English is spoken and taught as a foreign language (Kachru 48). In the construal of the Circles of English, the Outer Circle is regarded as a heterogeneous sociolinguistic space with fluid boundaries (Higgins 615) that affects the frequency and use of the central modal verbs in a variety of textual genres (Lee and Collins 501). Against this background, the study aims at identifying and analysing the frequency of the central modal verbs in a corpus of RA abstracts in applied linguistics published by international peer reviewed journals associated with the Outer Circle (one journal published in Hong Kong and one in Malaysia, respectively) and the Inner Circle of English (one journal published in the United Kingdom). The results of the quantitative analysis of the corpus indicate that the most frequent modal verbs in the entire corpus are can and may, which function as hedging devices in the journals that are associated with the Outer and Inner Circles of English, respectively. These findings are discussed in the article through the prism of the construal of the Circles of English.