bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Verification of Objective Visual Fatigue Measurement Based on Accurate Pupil Detection of Infrared Eye Image and Multi-Feature Analysis
Authors: Kim Taehyung , Lee Eui Chul
Published: August 2020

As the use of electronic displays increases rapidly, visual fatigue problems are also increasing. The subjective evaluation methods used for visual fatigue measurement have individual difference problems, while objective methods based on bio-signal measurement have problems regarding motion artifacts. Conventional eye image analysis-based visual fatigue measurement methods do not accurately characterize the complex changes in the appearance of the eye. To solve this problem, in this paper, an objective visual fatigue measurement method based on infrared eye image analysis is proposed. For accurate pupil detection, a convolutional neural network-based semantic segmentation method was used. Three features are calculated based on the pupil detection results: (1) pupil accommodation speed, (2) blink frequency, and (3) eye-closed duration. In order to verify the calculated features, differences in fatigue caused by changes in content color components such as gamma, color temperature, and brightness were compared with a reference video. The pupil detection accuracy was confirmed to be 96.63% based on the mean intersection over union. In addition, it was confirmed that all three features showed significant differences from the reference group; thus, it was verified that the proposed analysis method can be used for the objective measurement of visual fatigue.
Cooperative Multi-Sensor Tracking of Vulnerable Road Users in the Presence of Missing Detections
Authors: Dimitrievski Martin , Van Hamme David , Veelaert Peter , Philips Wilfried
Published: August 2020

This paper presents a vulnerable road user (VRU) tracking algorithm capable of handling noisy and missing detections from heterogeneous sensors. We propose a cooperative fusion algorithm for matching and reinforcing of radar and camera detections using their proximity and positional uncertainty. The belief in the existence and position of objects is then maximized by temporal integration of fused detections by a multi-object tracker. By switching between observation models, the tracker adapts to the detection noise characteristics making it robust to individual sensor failures. The main novelty of this paper is an improved imputation sampling function for updating the state when detections are missing. The proposed function uses a likelihood without association that is conditioned on the sensor information instead of the sensor model. The benefits of the proposed solution are two-fold: firstly, particle updates become computationally tractable and secondly, the problem of imputing samples from a state which is predicted without an associated detection is bypassed. Experimental evaluation shows a significant improvement in both detection and tracking performance over multiple control algorithms. In low light situations, the cooperative fusion outperforms intermediate fusion by as much as 30%, while increases in tracking performance are most significant in complex traffic scenes.
Indication of Electromagnetic Field Exposure via RBF-SVM Using Time-Series Features of Zebrafish Locomotion
Authors: He Yaqing , Tsang Kim Fung , Kong Richard Yuen-Chong , Chow Yuk-Tak
Published: August 2020

This paper introduces a novel model based on support vector machine with radial basis function kernel (RBF-SVM) using time-series features of zebrafish (Danio rerio) locomotion exposed to different electromagnetic fields (EMFs) to indicate the corresponding EMF exposure. A group of 14 adult zebrafish was randomly divided into two groups, 7 in each group; the fish of each group have the novel tank test under a sham or real magnetic exposure of 6.78 MHz and about 1 A/m. Their locomotion in the tests was videotaped to convert into the x, y coordinate time-series of the trajectories for reforming time-series matrices according to different time-series lengths. The time-series features of zebrafish locomotion were calculated by the comparative time-series analyzing framework highly comparative time-series analysis (HCTSA), and a limited number of the time-series features that were most relevant to the EMF exposure conditions were selected using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) algorithm for RBF-SVM classification training. Before this, ambient environmental parameters (AEPs) had little effect on the locomotion performance of zebrafish processed by the empirical method, which had been quantitatively verified by regression using another group of 14 adult zebrafish. The results have demonstrated that the purposed model is capable of accurately indicating different EMF exposures. All classification accuracies can be 100%, and the classification precision of several classifiers based on specific parameters and feature sets with specific dimensions can reach higher than 95%. The speculative reason for this result is that the specified EMF has affected the zebrafish neural aspect, which is then reflected in their behaviors. The outcomes of this study have provided a new indication model for EMF exposures and provided a reference for the investigation of the impact of EMF exposure.
Prediction of the Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Content from Moist Soil Using Synchronous Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS) Analysis
Authors: Wang Shifang , Cheng Xu , Zheng Decong , Song Haiyan , Han Ping , Yuen Peter
Published: August 2020

This paper illustrates a simple yet effective spectroscopic technique for the prediction of soil organic matter (SOM) from moist soil through the synchronous 2D correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analysis. In the moist soil system, the strong overlap between the water absorption peaks and the SOM characteristic features in the visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectral region have long been recognised as one of the main factors that causes significant errors in the prediction of the SOM content. The aim of the paper is to illustrate how the tangling effects due to the moisture and the SOM can be unveiled under 2D-COS through a sequential correlogram analysis of the two perturbation variables (i.e., the moisture and the SOM) independently. The main outcome from the 2D-COS analysis is the discovery of SOM-related bands at the 597 nm, 1646 nm and 2138 nm, together with the predominant water absorbance feature at the 1934 nm and the relatively less important ones at 1447 nm and 2210 nm. This information is then utilised to build partial least square regression (PLSR) models for the prediction of the SOM content. The experiment has shown that by discarding noisy bands adjacent to the SOM features, and the removal of the water absorption bands, the determination coefficient of prediction (Rp2) and the ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD) for the prediction of SOM from moist soil have achieved Rp2 = 0.92 and the RPD = 3.19, both of which are about 5% better than that of using all bands for building the PLSR model. The very high RPD (=3.19) obtained in this study may suggest that the 2D-COS technique is effective for the analysis of complex system like the prediction of SOM from moist soil.
Development Perspective of Bioelectrocatalysis-Based Biosensors
Authors: Adachi Taiki , Kitazumi Yuki , Shirai Osamu , Kano Kenji
Published: August 2020

Bioelectrocatalysis provides the intrinsic catalytic functions of redox enzymes to nonspecific electrode reactions and is the most important and basic concept for electrochemical biosensors. This review starts by describing fundamental characteristics of bioelectrocatalytic reactions in mediated and direct electron transfer types from a theoretical viewpoint and summarizes amperometric biosensors based on multi-enzymatic cascades and for multianalyte detection. The review also introduces prospective aspects of two new concepts of biosensors: mass-transfer-controlled (pseudo)steady-state amperometry at microelectrodes with enhanced enzymatic activity without calibration curves and potentiometric coulometry at enzyme/mediator-immobilized biosensors for absolute determination.
Indirect Recognition of Predefined Human Activities
Authors: Majidzadeh Gorjani Ojan , Proto Antonino , Vanus Jan , Bilik Petr
Published: August 2020

The work investigates the application of artificial neural networks and logistic regression for the recognition of activities performed by room occupants. KNX (Konnex) standard-based devices were selected for smart home automation and data collection. The obtained data from these devices (Humidity, CO2, temperature) were used in combination with two wearable gadgets to classify specific activities performed by the room occupant. The obtained classifications can benefit the occupant by monitoring the wellbeing of elderly residents and providing optimal air quality and temperature by utilizing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning control. The obtained results yield accurate classification.
Novel Room Temperature Ionic Liquid for Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Cannabidiol from Natural Cosmetics
Authors: Huber Susanne , Harder Matthias , Funck Kevin , Erharter Kevin , Popp Michael , Bonn Günther K. , Rainer Matthias
Published: August 2020

This study presents the synthesis of a novel asymmetric 1,3-di(alkoxy)imidazolium based room temperature ionic liquid, more precisely 1-butoxy-3-ethoxy-2-ethyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide, and its application as an extraction solvent in liquid-phase microextraction of cannabidiol from natural cosmetics. Quantification was implemented, using a high performance liquid chromatography system coupled to ultraviolet detection. Molecular structure elucidation was performed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The extraction procedure was optimized by means of two different design of experiments. Additionally, a full validation was executed. The established calibration model, ranging from 0.6 to 6.0 mg g−1, was linear with a coefficient of determination of 0.9993. Accuracy and precision were demonstrated on four consecutive days with a bias within −2.6 to 2.3% and a maximum relative standard deviation value of 2.5%. Recoveries, tested for low and high concentration within the calibration range, were 80%. Stability of extracted cannabidiol was proven for three days at room temperature and fourteen days at 4 °C and −20 °C. An autosampler stability for 24 h was validated. Liquid-phase microextraction of cannabidiol from different formulated cream based cosmetics was performed, including four ointments and four creams. The results show that a significantly higher selectivity could be achieved compared to a conventional extraction methods with methanol.
New Strategy of Home-Based Exercise during Pandemic COVID-19 in Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Study
Authors: Grazioli Elisa , Cerulli Claudia , Dimauro Ivan , Moretti Elisa , Murri Arianna , Parisi Attilio
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed several challenges for the oncology health care system. The need to improve patients’ Quality of Life (QoL) through exercise, which is related to survival and healing, has increased, especially during lockdowns. Technologies are often used to help with patient care as well as to monitor exercise training. This case study, developed during the pandemic period, aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a proposed home-based combined training (CT) regimen, supervised through online lessons, in increasing QoL and fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of exercise on psychological and functional parameters. Methods: Two breast cancer (BC) survivors were required to participate in 2 h/week of supervised and home-based CT for 16 weeks. Results: Improvements were found in the emotional function of QoL (10% in patient A; 70% in patient B) and in all variables of fatigue (physical fatigue 66% in patient A; 33% in patient B). Conclusion: The findings from this study revealed positive effects of CT on QoL and fatigue perception in BC women undergoing therapy. Both patients attended all training sessions with no adverse events, showing the sustainability of this training as an alternative and affordable method that is capable of improving patients’ wellbeing.
Industrial Restructuring through Eco-Transformation: Green Industrial Transfer in Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan, Hunan Province
Authors: Deng Bingni , Affolderbach Julia , Deutz Pauline
Published: August 2020

As industrial activities account for a large part of environmental degradation and carbon emissions in China, the geographic location of industries significantly shapes the environmental performance and quality of life of surrounding areas. Since the late-2000s, China has sought to combat environmental degradation through the relocation of polluting industries particularly from industrial areas within inner cities. Using the concept of industrial transfer, which has been used in the Chinese context to capture not only the relocation of, but also structural and procedural changes to, firms, the paper analyses recent changes to China’s industrial structure. These occurred during the so-called eco-transformation, which seeks to improve China’s environmental performance. The paper expands the concept of industrial transfer by focusing on the intra-regional processes of this wider policy-led eco-transformation process based on the case studies of three traditional industrial areas in Hunan province. Case study results suggest that the ongoing phase of industrial transfer differs from previous regional transfers as it considers environmental impacts, elevates the relevance of the urban and local scale, involves new actor groups and offers benefits to both original and new locations.
Joint Pricing and Ordering Problem with Charitable Donations
Authors: Ayvaz Çavdaroğlu Nur
Published: August 2020

Finding the correct pricing strategy for a product with multiple versions is an issue for retailers from various industries. In this paper, joint pricing and ordering problem is considered for a product that has two versions at each selling period. Two models, namely with or without the donation option, are analyzed and optimality conditions and monotonicity properties of the decision variables are characterized. When demands of products depend on prices of both versions, donating part of old product inventory would be more profitable for the retailer. Moreover, the donation model would result in less wasted inventory, contributing to sustainability and goals of green economy. Analytical results are supported with numerical analysis of a realistic case.
Germ-Free Conditions Modulate Host Purine Metabolism, Exacerbating Adenine-Induced Kidney Damage
Authors: Mishima Eikan , Ichijo Mariko , Kawabe Takeshi , Kikuchi Koichi , Akiyama Yukako , Toyohara Takafumi , Suzuki Takehiro , Suzuki Chitose , Asao Atsuko , Ishii Naoto , Fukuda Shinji , Abe Takaaki
Published: August 2020

Alterations in microbiota are known to affect kidney disease conditions. We have previously shown that germ-free conditions exacerbated adenine-induced kidney damage in mice; however, the mechanism by which this occurs has not been elucidated. To explore this mechanism, we examined the influence of germ-free conditions on purine metabolism and renal immune responses involved in the kidney damage. Germ-free mice showed higher expression levels of purine-metabolizing enzymes such as xanthine dehydrogenase, which converts adenine to a nephrotoxic byproduct 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA). The germ-free mice also showed increased urinary excretion of allantoin, indicating enhanced purine metabolism. Metabolome analysis demonstrated marked differences in the purine metabolite levels in the feces of germ-free mice and mice with microbiota. Furthermore, unlike the germ-free condition, antibiotic treatment did not increase the expression of purine-metabolizing enzymes or exacerbate adenine-induced kidney damage. Considering renal immune responses, the germ-free mice displayed an absence of renal IL-17A expression. However, the adenine-induced kidney damage in wild-type mice was comparable to that in IL-17A-deficient mice, suggesting that IL-17A does not play a major role in the disease condition. Our results suggest that the enhanced host purine metabolism in the germ-free mice potentially promotes the conversion of the administered adenine into 2,8-DHA, resulting in exacerbated kidney damage. This further suggests a role of the microbiota in regulating host purine metabolism.
Jetted Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies & Co.: Where Do We Stand?
Authors: Foschini Luigi
Published: August 2020

The discovery in 2008 of high-energy gamma-rays from Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies (NLS1s) made it clear that there were active galactic nuclei (AGN) other than blazars and radio galaxies that can eject powerful relativistic jets. In addition to NLS1s, the great performance of the Fermi Large Area Telescope made it possible to discover MeV-GeV photons emitted from more classes of AGN, like Seyferts, Compact Steep Spectrum Gigahertz Peaked Sources (CSS/GPS), and disk-hosted radio galaxies. Although observations indicate a variety of objects, their physical characteristics point to a central engine powered by a relatively small-mass black hole (but, obviously, there are interpretations against this view). This essay critically reviews the literature published on these topics during the last eight years and analyzes the perspectives for the forthcoming years.
Effect of Postmortem Degradation on the Preservation of Viral Particles and Rabies Antigens in Mice Brains. Light and Electron Microscopic Study
Authors: Monroy-Gómez Jeison , Santamaría Gerardo , Sarmiento Ladys , Torres-Fernández Orlando
Published: August 2020

Rabies diagnosis is mainly made on fresh brain tissue postmortem by means of the direct immunofluorescence test. However, in some cases, it is not possible to use this technique, given that the affected nervous tissue goes through a postmortem degradation process, due to problems in the handling and transport of the samples. For this reason, the preservation in time of the rabies virus inclusions was assessed, as well as the immunoreactivity and the ultrastructure of viral particles in tissue with postmortem degradation. Brains of mice inoculated with rabies virus and control mice were processed for conventional histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy in different postmortem times. In the processed tissues for hematoxylin and eosin, the presence of eosinophilic inclusions was not observed beyond 12 h postmortem. Surprisingly, the immunoreactivity of the viral antigens increased with time, at least until 30 h postmortem. It was possible to easily recognize the viral particles by means of conventional electron microscopy until 12 h postmortem. Immunoelectron microscopy allowed us to identify the presence of viral antigens disseminated in the neuronal cytoplasm until 30 h postmortem, but immunoreactive viral particles were not observed. The rabies infection did not cause histological or ultrastructural alterations different from those in the control group as a result of the postmortem degradation. In conclusion, the immunohistochemistry is a reliable test for rabies diagnosis in samples with postmortem degradation and that have been fixed with aldehydes.
HIV-1 Maturation: Lessons Learned from Inhibitors
Authors: Kleinpeter Alex B. , Freed Eric O.
Published: August 2020

Since the emergence of HIV and AIDS in the early 1980s, the development of safe and effective therapies has accompanied a massive increase in our understanding of the fundamental processes that drive HIV biology. As basic HIV research has informed the development of novel therapies, HIV inhibitors have been used as probes for investigating basic mechanisms of HIV-1 replication, transmission, and pathogenesis. This positive feedback cycle has led to the development of highly effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), which has helped stall the progression to AIDS, prolong lives, and reduce transmission of the virus. However, to combat the growing rates of virologic failure and toxicity associated with long-term therapy, it is important to diversify our repertoire of HIV-1 treatments by identifying compounds that block additional steps not targeted by current drugs. Most of the available therapeutics disrupt early events in the replication cycle, with the exception of the protease (PR) inhibitors, which act at the virus maturation step. HIV-1 maturation consists of a series of biochemical changes that facilitate the conversion of an immature, noninfectious particle to a mature infectious virion. These changes include proteolytic processing of the Gag polyprotein by the viral protease (PR), structural rearrangement of the capsid (CA) protein, and assembly of individual CA monomers into hexamers and pentamers that ultimately form the capsid. Here, we review the development and therapeutic potential of maturation inhibitors (MIs), an experimental class of anti-HIV-1 compounds with mechanisms of action distinct from those of the PR inhibitors. We emphasize the key insights into HIV-1 biology and structure that the study of MIs has provided. We will focus on three distinct groups of inhibitors that block HIV-1 maturation: (1) compounds that block the processing of the CA-spacer peptide 1 (SP1) cleavage intermediate, the original class of compounds to which the term MI was applied; (2) CA-binding inhibitors that disrupt capsid condensation; and (3) allosteric integrase inhibitors (ALLINIs) that block the packaging of the viral RNA genome into the condensing capsid during maturation. Although these three classes of compounds have distinct structures and mechanisms of action, they share the ability to block the formation of the condensed conical capsid, thereby blocking particle infectivity.
Reporter Phage-Based Detection of Bacterial Pathogens: Design Guidelines and Recent Developments
Authors: Meile Susanne , Kilcher Samuel , Loessner Martin J. , Dunne Matthew
Published: August 2020

Fast and reliable detection of bacterial pathogens in clinical samples, contaminated food products, and water supplies can drastically improve clinical outcomes and reduce the socio-economic impact of disease. As natural predators of bacteria, bacteriophages (phages) have evolved to bind their hosts with unparalleled specificity and to rapidly deliver and replicate their viral genome. Not surprisingly, phages and phage-encoded proteins have been used to develop a vast repertoire of diagnostic assays, many of which outperform conventional culture-based and molecular detection methods. While intact phages or phage-encoded affinity proteins can be used to capture bacteria, most phage-inspired detection systems harness viral genome delivery and amplification: to this end, suitable phages are genetically reprogrammed to deliver heterologous reporter genes, whose activity is typically detected through enzymatic substrate conversion to indicate the presence of a viable host cell. Infection with such engineered reporter phages typically leads to a rapid burst of reporter protein production that enables highly sensitive detection. In this review, we highlight recent advances in infection-based detection methods, present guidelines for reporter phage construction, outline technical aspects of reporter phage engineering, and discuss some of the advantages and pitfalls of phage-based pathogen detection. Recent improvements in reporter phage construction and engineering further substantiate the potential of these highly evolved nanomachines as rapid and inexpensive detection systems to replace or complement traditional diagnostic approaches.
Stable Isotope Hydrology of Cave Groundwater and Its Relevance for Speleothem-Based Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction in Croatia
Authors: Surić Maša , Czuppon György , Lončarić Robert , Bočić Neven , Lončar Nina , Bajo Petra , Drysdale Russell N.
Published: August 2020

Speleothems deposited from cave drip waters retain, in their calcite lattice, isotopic records of past environmental changes. Among other proxies, δ18O is recognized as very useful for this purpose, but its accurate interpretation depends on understanding the relationship between precipitation and drip water δ18O, a relationship controlled by climatic settings. We analyzed water isotope data of 17 caves from different latitudes and altitudes in relatively small but diverse Croatian karst regions in order to distinguish the dominant influences. Drip water δ18O in colder caves generally shows a greater resemblance to the amount-weighted mean of precipitation δ18O compared to warmer sites, where evaporation plays an important role. However, during glacial periods, today’s ‘warm’ sites were cold, changing the cave characteristics and precipitation δ18O transmission patterns. Superimposed on these settings, each cave has site-specific features, such as morphology (descending or ascending passages), altitude and infiltration elevation, (micro) location (rain shadow or seaward orientation), aquifer architecture (responsible for the drip water homogenization) and cave atmosphere (governing equilibrium or kinetic fractionation). This necessitates an individual approach and thorough monitoring for best comprehension.
Health problems among family caregivers of former intensive care unit (ICU) patients: an interview study
Authors: van Sleeuwen Dries , van de Laar Floris , Geense Wytske , van den Boogaard Mark , Zegers Marieke
Published: August 2020

Background

Family caregivers of former intensive care unit (ICU) patients may suffer from physical and mental problems owing to ICU hospitalisation of their loved ones. These problems can have a major impact on their daily lives. Little is known about experienced consequences of ICU hospitalisation on caregivers in general practice.

Aim

To explore health problems in family caregivers of former ICU patients and the consequences in their daily lives.

Design & setting

Semi-structured interviews with family caregivers of former critically ill patients treated in a Dutch ICU.

Method

Purposively sampled relatives of former ICU patients were interviewed between April and May 2019. Interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. Interviews were then thematically analysed.

Results

In total, 13 family caregivers were interviewed. The interviews took place 3 months to 3 years after ICU discharge. Expressed problems were categorised into six themes: (1) physical functioning (for example, tiredness, headache, and feeling sick more often); (2) mental health (for example, anxiety, more stress and difficulty in expressing emotions); (3) existential dimension and future (for example, uncertainty about the future); (4) quality of life (for example, losing freedom in life); (5) relationship and social participation (for example, experiencing a lack of understanding); and (6) daily functioning (for example, stopping working).

Conclusion

Caregivers experience several health problems, even years after their relative's ICU episode. Healthcare providers should be focused not only on former ICU patients’ health, but also on their caregivers’, and need to signal and identify caregivers' health problems earlier in order to give them the appropriate care and support they need.
PENGARUH AROMATERAPI KENANGA (CANANGA ODORATA) TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI
Authors: Silalahi Kristina L. , Siregar Patimah Sari , Ariga Fajar Amanah
Published: August 2020

Hypertension is one of the biggest problems that cause death because many are undiagnosed and hypertensive sufferers often experience asymptomatic events causing difficulty to know the causes of hypertension. Treatment of hypertension can perform by pharmacology and non-pharmacology. Non-pharmacological treatment may be in the form of aromatherapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of aqueous aromatherapy on the decrease of blood pressure in hypertensive patients at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2017. The study design was quasi-experiment with one group pretest-postest design provided with aromatherapy for 10 minutes. The population consisted of 28 people. The 10 people as sampling were drawn by a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was performed by interview and observation. The bivariate analysis used was paired sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05 (5%). The results showed that the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before aromatherapy aqueous treatment was 156.60 mmHg and 92.40 mmHg. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure after aqueous aromatherapy administration was 142.60 mmHg and 81.80 mmHg. Based on the results of statistical tests it was found that there was a difference in blood pressure between before and after aromatherapy, {systolic, p-value = 0.000 (p <0.05) and diastolic, p-value = 0.000 (p <0.05)}. The results of this study concluded that there is an effect of giving aqueous aromatherapy (Kananga odorata) on the decrease of blood pressure in hypertension patients at Royal Prima Hospital Medan in 2017. It is suggested that aqueous aromatherapy can be applied as an alternative therapy to lower blood pressure.
HUBUNGAN PERAWATAN CATHETER VENA CENTRAL (CVC) TERHADAP TERJADINYA INFEKSI ALIRAN DARAH PRIMER (IADP)
Authors: Basri Basri
Published: August 2020

Central vein Catheter Treatment (CVC) is the treatment of a hose that is used to provide liquids or medicines. Appliance is installed in a blood vessel near the heart. The primary infection of blood flow occurring within 48 hours after the installation of CVC The purpose of this research is to know the CVC treatment relationship in CVC attached patients to the primary blood flow infection in ICU RSUP. H. Adam Malik Medan. The study uses correlation and observation research methods. The population in this research is the entire patient who CVC has installed, as well as all the nurses who do the CVC treatment. Based on the data obtained by the patient as much as 76 people. Patients are inclusiveness if the patient is hospitalized in less than 24 hours, and drop out if the patient dies in the treatment before it is found signs of IADP,as well as patients who come out of Adam Malik, then there are 32 patients. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires according to IADP. Analysis of data used statistical tests test Chi-Square. The results of the majority of the study of a major vein catether treatment (CVC) were as much as 28 (87.5%), the majority of which did not occur as much as 27 people (84.4%). Statistical test results obtained by the value of p- value =0.000 (<0.05) can be concluded there is a central venous catether treatment Relationship (CVC) in patients attached CVC to the occurrence of primary blood flow infection).
El canto en las músicas populares: reflexiones en torno a su abordaje y enseñanza
Authors: Machuca Tellez Daniel , Valles Mónica
Published: August 2020

A lo largo de la historia el canto ha tenido un lugar fundamental en la práctica musical por lo que se constituyó como una habilidad a desarrollarse en los espacios de formación del músico profesional. Los caminos para llegar a esto han sido muy diversos. Sin embargo, un modo de producción vocal académico, basado en el estilo y la estética lírico/coral, aparece repetidamente para consolidarse como prototipo en el abordaje de las distintas formas de canto, sin tomar en consideración el contexto, la heterogeneidad e identidad propia de cada estilo. Este artículo pretende reflexionar acerca del devenir en la enseñanza del canto y, en particular, su relación con el abordaje de las músicas populares.
Recursos para una historia de las culturas musicales: la Revista de la Asociación Wagneriana de Buenos Aires (1914-1926)
Authors: Irurzun María Josefina
Published: August 2020

El objetivo general del presente trabajo es complejizar los abordajes tradicionales de las revistas de música para concebirlas como dispositivos y prácticas de acción social que caracterizan a las culturas musicales, así como interpelan diversas esferas de la opinión pública. Para ello, se analiza el caso de la Revista de la Asociación Wagneriana de Buenos Aires (publicada por la Asociación homónima), a partir de la periodización de los momentos vitales o editoriales de la misma, atendiendo a la pluralidad de contextos y los aspectos relacionados con ellos, su forma de organización colectiva como espacio de enunciación, sus modos de ser, estilo, recursos, etc. Se argumenta que, si bien la dependencia de la publicación respecto a la entidad condicionó su forma y contenido, operó también como una institución en sí misma (“una tribuna de arte y cultura”). Por último, se señalan las múltiples posibilidades de indagación de las revistas de música (con frecuencia concebidas como “manifestaciones” de procesos que ocurren por fuera de ellas), la dinámica de sus cambios e intervenciones y las distintas significaciones –otorgadas a través del tiempo–, que las convierten también en revistas culturales.
El arpa, agua que cae: metáfora y simbolismo sonoro como estrategias de formación de palabras en el léxico de instrumentos musicales en guaraní
Authors: Baranger Estefanía
Published: August 2020

El campo semántico de los instrumentos musicales, a diferencia de la nomenclatura etnobotánica y etnozoológica, representa un área aún poco explorada por los estudios etnolingüísticos. El presente trabajo parte del análisis de tres lexemas primarios; mbaraka, angu’a y mimby, que originalmente en mbya guaraní designaban instrumentos musicales de origen indígena y, posteriormente, en guaraní antiguo y guaraní moderno, o bien fueron re-semantizados o incluidos en compuestos para designar instrumentos introducidos por la población de origen europeo. Cada fuente consultada, entonces, representa un distinto grado de contacto con la cultura envolvente, factor que se refleja en las relaciones de hiperonimia e hiponimia entre los lexemas primarios y las incorporaciones o desarrollos más recientes. El análisis lingüístico asimismo revela que las estrategias de formación de palabras en este campo resultan en nombres morfológicamente complejos que encuentran su motivación en relaciones de base analógica o metafórica con otros elementos del mundo, así como instancias de simbolismo sonoro, fenómenos usualmente asociados a la nomenclatura biológica.
Do que falamos quando falamos de música? Relatos de uma oficina de escuta
Authors: De La Barre Jorge , Da Silva Matos Evelyn Christine
Published: August 2020

Este artigo coletivo é um relato de experiência da “Oficina MP3” realizada em sala de aula durante o primeiro semestre de 2018 no curso de Sociologia da música (graduação). A ideia era que cada aluno trouxesse e apresentasse à turma uma música da sua escolha. A diversidade de escolhas musicais, sugerida pelos relatos de alunos, foi organizada seguindo duas linhas temáticas bastante exploradas em sociologia da música: música e representação, e música e significado.
SUBSTANTIATION OF MOST RATIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION PROCESS DURING HOT SHEET STAMPING OF THE TITANIUM ALLOY FRAME
Authors: Batuev C. A. , Galsanova E. C. , Greshilov A. D.
Published: August 2020

The influence of the technological parameters of hot sheet stamping on the shaping of parts made of titanium alloy - forgings for helicopter screw linings is investigated. It is shown that the most suitable method for the manufacture of such parts is hot stamping with preheating. At the same time, the main technological requirement is the uniformity of heating, the need to exclude the movement of heated workpieces, as well as negative transformations in the material at micro and macro levels.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF PROCESSING AXISYMMETRIC PARTS WITH AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE MACHINING PROCESS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT EXTERNAL RANDOM INFLUENCES
Authors: Bobrovskiy A. V. , Drachev O. I. , Amirdzhanova I. Yu.
Published: August 2020

The article gives a brief description of the manufacturing process of non-rigid parts of two fundamental operations - dressing and machining. It is proved that during mechanical action on the workpiece random interactions due to texture inhomogeneities act. These effects lead to the excitation of oscillations of all parts, but energy is trans-ferred at a frequency close to the resonant. Stress inhomogeneities can be taken into account as random, delta - cor-related changes in the system frequency. The mechanism of energy absorption by crystallites (grains) is analyzed, due to which stress redistribution occurs.
TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY CHANGES OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF MACHINING DUE TO IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Authors: Ingemansson A. R.
Published: August 2020

Analysis shows the increase of technical and economical efficiency of machining processes due to the implementation of digital production systems.
COOLANT TEST AT THE PROCESS OF FLAT INFEED GRINDING OF TITANIUM ALLOY
Authors: Nosenko V. A. , Serdyukov N. D. , Shkoda O. M. , Smarsky P. I.
Published: August 2020

When grinding the VT9 titanium alloy, the following types of coolant were tested: an aqueous solution of sodium phosphate trisubstituted o, semi-synthetic with extreme pressure additives, synthetic universal and standard. The height and step parameters of the roughness of the treated surface, the grinding coefficient are determined. The correlation coefficients between these parameters are calculated. The differences in the morphology of the polished surface are shown.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTOMATIC SYSTEM OF SHEET HIRE PREPARATIONS POSITIONING
Authors: Smolyakov S. P. , Zhokhov V. D. , Barabanov V. G.
Published: August 2020

The paper analyzes the existing positioning systems of metal billets and their control systems. An automatic control system for a positioning device based on an artificial neural network has been developed.
Effect of field cooling AC poling on electrical and physical properties for Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3-based single crystals manufactured by a continuous-feeding Bridgman process
Authors: Luo Cong , Karaki Tomoaki , Sun Yiqin , Yamashita Yohachi (John) , Xu Jiayue
Published: August 2020

We have designed and fabricated a compact, 250 cm3 electric field cooling alternate current poling (FC ACP) system and obtained an enhanced dielectric permittivity (ε
T
33/ε
0) of 7920 which was 10 to 33% larger than that of high temperature (HT) ACP of 0.70Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.30PbTiO3 (PMNT) single crystal (SC) with phase change temperature (T
pc) of 93 °C. However, when the FC ACP temperature from 200 to 35 °C was applied for 0.31Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.43Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.26PbTiO3 (PIMNT) SC with a T
pc of 136 °C, the ε
T
33/ε
0 decreased by 55% compared with that of HT ACP. Temperature dependence of the ε
T
33/ε
0 and phase analysis by X-ray diffraction of these SCs produced by a continuous-feeding Bridgman process showed clear different properties. We conclude the effects of FC ACP on the electrical and physical properties are different from the compositions, T
pc, Curie temperature, etc., and it is required to find the best FC ACP condition according to each SC.
Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L.) Effectively Inhibits Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by Invitro Test
Authors: Anggraini Agnina Listya , Dwiyanti Ratih Dewi , Thuraidah Anny
Published: August 2020

Infection is a disease caused by the presence of pathogenic microbes, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has chemical contents such as allicin, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids, which can function as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study aims to determine the antibacterial properties of garlic extract powder against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli infections. The antibacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used were 30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 60 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. The results showed that the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 40 mg/mL and 50 mg / mL. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) results for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are 50 mg/mL and 70 mg/mL. Based on the Simple Linear Regression test, the R2 value of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is 0.545 and 0.785, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of garlic extract powder on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 54.5% and 78.5%. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract powder has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.
Ethanol Extract Of Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban Leaves Effectively Inhibit Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Invitro Test
Authors: Azmi Dini Aulia , Nurlailah Nurlailah , Dwiyanti Ratih Dewi
Published: August 2020

Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are some of the causes of infectious diseases. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban has many benefits for humans, including overcoming fever, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to determine the inhibition of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves ethanol extract on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This research is the initial stage of the development of herbal medicines to treat Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. The independent variable was the concentration of ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves and the dependent variable was the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The anti-bacterial activity test was carried out by the liquid dilution method. The concentrations used are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%. 100% The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus pyogenes: 40% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 40%. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) results for Streptococcus pyogenes: 60% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 60%. So it can be concluded that there is inhibition of the ethanol extract of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves on the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban extract has potential as herbal medicine against bacterial infections but requires further research to determine its effect in vivo.
EFEK LAMA WAKTU PENGGUNAAN Smilax Sp TERHADAP EDEMI PADA Femur Gallus gallus domesticus
Authors: Pellaupessy Jean Christi , Sumbono Aung , Jaharuddin Jaharuddin
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek lama waktu penggunaan Smilax Sp terhadap edemi pada Femur Gallus gallus domesticus (Fggd). Metode penelitian eksperimen. Sampel yang digunakan yakni tumbuhan Smilax Sp dan Fggd, sampel Smilax Sp yang digunakan untuk masing-masing sampel Fggd sebanyak 25 gram, Fggd yang digunakan sebagai sampel berusia 21 hari sebanyak 12. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Terpadu, UNIMUDA Sorong pada Mei 2019. Instrument yang digunakan yakni observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis komparasi yaitu membandingkan ukuran dan massa Fggd sampel dengan Fggd kontrol, dan akan dideskripsikan secara terperinci. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa lama waktu penggunaan daun Smilax Sp berdampak terhadap proses edemi pada superius femur, inferior femur, sinistram femur musculus, dextro femore, musculus quadriceps, posteriorem femoris dan massa femur dengan proses edemi maksimum terjadi pada waktu 14 jam, dengan persentasi edemi sebesar 114 %.
An Analyzing on the Students Error in Using Conditional Sentence
Authors: Kustianah Kustianah , Wibowo Ari
Published: August 2020

In this study, the writer want to analyze the student error in using conditional sentence and involve all case in conditional sentence. The method of this research is error analysis. In this research, the researcher wishes to know how is the students of the second grade at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Muhammadiyah 04 Klamalu competence in using conditional sentence type III especially in tenses “simple past perfect tense and simple future perfect tense.” The researcher gave the test to the students without the treatment the researcher want to know just one the cause of errors about the use of conditional sentence type III “simple past perfect tense and simple future perfect tense.”  The result showed that the causing error of the students in using conditional sentence are carelessness, first language using, translation, the facility of students learning like English book, the method of teaching and the students themselves. After the analysis kind of conditional sentence the writer to identification the kinds of error and persentage of students error, result of reserch are: omission the total error are 10 error, the persentage is 7, 04 %. Addition the total of error 14 error, the persentage is 9, 86%. Miss- ordering error is 80 error, the persentage is 56,34% and subtitution error is 38 error, the persentage is 26,76%. So the total of students error are 142 error and the persentage is 100%.
Efektifitas Perkuliahan Daring (Online) pada Mahasiswa PGSD di Saat Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Widiyono Aan
Published: August 2020

Perkuliahan daring (online) merupakan sarana utama dalam pembelajaran ketika wabah Pandemi Covid-19. Tidak terkecuali Prodi PGSD FTIK Unisnu Jepara yang yang menggunakan sarana aplikasi online, seperti whatsapp grup, telegram grup, google classroom, dan media aplikasi lain ketika perkuliahan daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas perkuliahan daring pada mahasiswa Prodi PGSD di saat Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survey melalui google form secara online. Hasil pengujiannya dihasilkan bahwa mayoritas mahasiswa Prodi PGSD FTIK Unisnu Jepara mengikuti perkuliahan daring dirumah menggunakan gadget (hp) dengan koneksi data dalam keadaan sinyal internet yang cukup baik. Perkuliahan daring memberikan gambaran umum tentang kurang optimalnya pemahaman materi dan banyaknya tugas yang diberikan pada mahasiswa sehingga mengakibatkan proses perkuliahan yang kurang efektif. Hasil lain menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa siap menghadapi aturan baru the new normal live apabila dilaksanakan perkuliahan secara luring. Sedangkan untuk sistem perkuliahan yang efektif selama pandemi adalah daring dan luring secara bergantian dengan memperhatikan prinsip protocol pencegahan Covid-19.
Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Simulasi untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Prestasi Belajar Mata Kuliah TEYL Mahasiswa Semester VI Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FKIP Universitas Pendidikan Muhammadiyah Sorong
Authors: Nursalim Nursalim
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan prestasi belajar mahasiswa dengan penerapan metode simulasi dalam mata kuliah Teaching English For Young Learners. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Setting penelitian adalah mahasiswa reguler semester VI, berjumlah 30 orang mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah Teaching English For Young Learners. Rancangan penelitian melibatkan dosen sebagai peneliti utama dan sekaligus sebagai pelaku tindakan, dosen pengamat dan mahasiswa sebagai subyek didik. Cara penelitian dilakukan melalui : 1. perencanaan, 2. implementasi tindakan kelas, 3. pemantauan dan evaluasi, 4. analisis dan refleksi, 5. penyimpulan hasil. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara dan angket : Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi metode dan sumber. Penelitian tindakan ini dengan menerapkan metode simulasi dalam pembelajaranTeaching English For Young Learners. Hasil dari penelitian tindakan ini adalah 1) Penerapan metode pembelajaran simulasi dapat meningkatkan aktifitas mahasiswa. Terjadi peningkatan aktivitas belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II, dan dari siklus II ke siklus III. 2) Penerapan metode pembelajaran simulasi dapat mengoptimalkan prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Prestasi belajar mahasiswa mengalami peningkatan dari prestasi belajar siklus I ke siklus II, dan dari siklus II ke siklus III.