bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve in relation to upper pole of thyroid gland in thyroid surgery
Authors: Barman Sanjib , Bhattacharjee Abhinandan , Dutta Smrity Rupa Borah
Published: September 2024

Background: One of the most common procedures carried out by otorhinolaryngologists is thyroidectomy. A challenging aspect of thyroid surgery is the prevention of damage to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN). The objective of this study is to assess the rate of identification and different anatomical variations of the EBSLN in relation to the upper pole of the thyroid gland during thyroidectomy operation.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar, Assam involving 25 patients who underwent thyroidectomy between January 2023, and December 2023. The study included patients aged 20 years and older who fulfilled the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The traditional open thyroidectomy technique was used for each procedure, using a standard Kocher's skin incision. We categorised the anatomical course of the EBSLN in relation to upper pole of the thyroid gland.
Results: In this study, out of the 29 EBSLN, 24 (82.35%) nerves were successfully identified, whereas 5 (17.64%) nerves could not be identified. Out of 24 EBSLN, we found 20 (68.97%) nerves crossing superior thyroid vessels above the upper pole of the thyroid gland and 4 (13.79%) nerves crossing underneath the upper pole of the thyroid gland.
Conclusions: We should direct our dissection more carefully in the region above the upper pole of the thyroid, as the majority of EBSLN crosses the superior thyroid vessels above the upper pole of the thyroid gland. We should also avoid extensive dissection in search of EBSLN, keeping in mind that some nerve branches that cross the superior thyroid vessels under the cover of the upper pole of the thyroid gland put patients at greater risk for injury during thyroidectomy.
Ziehl-Neelsen stain: a dated but useful tool for diagnosis of EPTB in resource-constrained settings
Authors: Datta Sangeeta , Kumar Avinash , Chatterjee Biswaroop
Published: September 2024

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The increasing prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a cause of concern and its diagnosis still poses a major challenge to health care facilities.
Methods: This was a retrospective study, covering a one-year period, at a tertiary-care hospital in Eastern India. The EPTB smear samples were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen (Z-N) stain and examined. Also, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed on lesions at suitable sites.
Results: Based on Z-N stain, EPTB was diagnosed in 40 out of 222 suspected cases (18.02%). The highest positivity was observed between 25 to 40 years (45%). The sex ratio was 2:1. Overall, the highest positivity was seen among pus samples (57.14%); followed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (40%), and aspirates from FNAC (14.3%, all of which had corroborating cytopathological features). Other samples, constituting of cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, ascitic fluid, urine and tissue were all negative by Z-N stain.
Conclusion: Technological advances are being developed for faster and specific diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, conventional staining method and microscopic findings still remain useful, especially in resource-limited settings.
Fitz-Hug-Curtis disease and cholelithiasis: literature review and case report
Authors: González Santos Leonardo , Guzmán Erick I. , Cruz Iriani , Higareda David I. , Reyes Lizette A.
Published: September 2024

Fitz- Hug-Curtis disease (FHCS) was first documented in 1930 and has subsequently gained increasing recognition as a rare complication of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in which microorganisms that cause sexually transmitted infections are commonly implicated. Methods: It is a Case Report of the classic presentation of FHCS that typically involves systemically healthy women in fertile age, who present with acute atypical abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant that is often confused with another hepatobiliary or gastrointestinal pathology. The diagnosis was confirmed by laparoscopy, which allows the classic adhesions reminiscent of the strings of a violin to be visualized and the infectious agent responsible for pelvic disease to be isolated.
Complications of bariatric surgery three procedures and ten years later
Authors: Osorno Carbonell Giovanna , Cisneros Arias Francisco de Jesus
Published: September 2024

Two types of metabolic surgeries are currently most used: vertical tubular gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Complications can be early and late. There are 3 types of revision surgeries: corrective and reversal surgeries, to restore normal anatomy, and conversion surgeries, which consist of changing to another bariatric procedure for complications or inadequate response. We report the case of a 47-year-old female who, 10 years prior to her admission, underwent vertical gastrectomy, presenting symptoms refractory to PPI treatment one year after surgery, so conversion to gastric bypass was performed. Seven years later, she came to us due to stenosis of the gastrojejunal anastomosis as well as marginal ulcer. She underwent a total of 4 dilations in 6 months, with no improvement in symptoms. We decided to perform gastrojejunal anastomosis remodeling. She presents an adequate post-surgical evolution. It is essential to know the complications derived from bariatric surgery and the management options we have, as well as to carry out long-term follow-up, to guarantee not only the desired weight loss or improvement in comorbidities, but also an adequate quality of life in the patient.
Giant bilateral adrenal leiomyoma: a case report
Authors: Calderón-González María A. , Mena Ana K.
Published: September 2024

Adrenal leiomyoma is extremely rare and is thought to arise from the smooth muscle wall of the central adrenal vein and its branches; Clinically they may present as abdominal pain or flank pain. These tumors generally have a low biological potential. The surgical indication for adrenal tumors is based mainly on functionality and the risk of malignancy. 39-year-old male, with no significant history. Who comes to the general surgery outpatient clinic due to the presence of progressive abdominal distension and long-term abdominal pain. An abdominopelvic CT scan was performed, which revealed bilateral, well-circumscribed tumor with heterogeneous characteristics located in the left and right adrenal area, negative functional tests. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, revealing two giant adrenal tumors, definitive study reporting bilateral adrenal leiomyoma. We present a rare case of bilateral primary adrenal leiomyoma of which no similar case was found in the reviewed literature. These tumors are very difficult to diagnose preoperatively, as they are often not counted in adrenal samples and clinical suspicion is very low. As a result, they are diagnosed postoperatively after pathological examination of the surgical specimen. At the moment, early and complete surgical resection is the main treatment.
Type III Klippel-Feil syndrome with basilar invagination, syringomyelia, and spina bifida: a co-existence of rare congenital abnormalities
Authors: William Munna , Fatima Noor , Mehdi Hassan , Shabbir Ahmad , Nabeel Muhammad , Anjum Abdul Sattar
Published: September 2024

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital skeletal anomaly characterized by the fusion of cervical vertebrae, often leading to a shortened neck, a low posterior hairline, and restricted neck movement. Despite its infrequency, KFS can present as a complex multisystem disorder including neurological and non-neurological defects, which rarely occur simultaneously. This report presents the case of a 20-year-old male diagnosed with KFS exhibiting basilar invagination, syringomyelia, and spina bifida, resulting in myelopathy and radiculopathy. Diagnostic imaging confirmed multiple vertebral fusions and associated neural tissue abnormalities. Surgical intervention, including spinal decompression, resulted in significant symptom relief. This case underscores the diverse clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges associated with KFS, necessitating a comprehensive approach with multiple imaging modalities for accurate diagnosis and tailored management. Prompt identification and intervention are crucial, particularly in cases of symptomatic anomalies, to prevent neurological decline and optimize patient outcomes. The presence of symptomatic basilar invagination underscores the importance of timely surgical intervention to prevent future neurological complications
Internal left cartoid agenesis: case report and literature review
Authors: Vidaurri Karla P. , Bojórquez Kimberly O. , Trujillo Erick G. , Serrano O. Ricardo , Fierro Armando Ibarra , Arvizu José A.
Published: September 2024

Internal carotid agenesis (ICA) is an exceptionally rare condition. It is typically discovered incidentally, often during evaluations for other conditions, and generally asymptomatic due to compensatory collateral circulation. In this case A 57-year-old female with chronic background of anxiety disorder and auricular tachycardia; congenital malformations: imperforate anus with multiple surgical interventions until the age of 15 years old; right ovary agenesis and right kidney hypoplasia.
Managing carpal tunnel syndrome with modified neurodynamics approach: a case report
Authors: Kuliyal Aditi , Agarwal Vaibhav
Published: September 2024

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a median nerve entrapment neuropathy. The condition is noteworthy, as it has put a lot of burden in the economy. Although, a variety of treatments availed for the condition but there needs a new innovative protocol to treat the same. Carpal tunnel syndrome is having huge burden over the society hence; a peculiar protocol has to be find. The case introduces a 45-year-old supervisor working in a hospital who came to the physiotherapy outpatient department (OPD) with complaints of tingling sensation and numbness over the median nerve distribution area along with the pain at wrist, bilaterally. The assessment included special tests to check the sensitivity of median nerve in the carpal tunnel. The outcome measures numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire (BCTSQ) taken at definitive intervals to identify the efficacy of treatment. In this report, we aim to design a protocol for carpal tunnel syndrome using modified neurodynamics, which involves static opener, sliders and tensioners for median nerve.
Optimizing duration of pharmacotherapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: an Indian perspective
Authors: Ramesh G. N. , Pratap Nitesh
Published: September 2024

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common gut-brain disorder with a rising prevalence globally, including in India. IBS places a major financial and health burden on patients, making a proper diagnosis and course of treatment crucial for enhancing quality of life. The frequent occurrence of anxiety and depression in patients with IBS requires the treatment of both gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms of the condition with antispasmodics and anxiolytics. This review discusses the epidemiological, diagnostic, and pathophysiological features of IBS and the numerous treatment regimens that are utilized, as well as the perspectives of specialists in the area addressing the difficulties and ideal management techniques. The role of combination treatments along with emphasis on associated psychological and psychiatric comorbidities in Indian patients has been evaluated. The experts reviewed the ideal duration of antispasmodic medication and various guideline recommendations on length of treatment to avoid recurrence while keeping in mind the chronic and recurring character of IBS. An appropriate diagnostic strategy and effective treatment protocol and duration can help in the long-term management of IBS.
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an overview
Authors: Singh Satyendra , Shukla Ram Mohan
Published: September 2024

The literature review explains what we know about kidney stones and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) surgery. It also gives a good reason for studying how factors impact PCNL results in Central India. The guidelines from European urology advocate that PCNL is the primary choice for addressing kidney stones exceeding 2 cm. Over the period PCNL procedures have developed tremendously with the introduction of miniaturization of instruments to minimize tract size, puncture technique from fluoroscopy guided to ultrasound-guided, dilatation technique from multiple to single step dilatation, and development of newer lithotripsy techniques. The success of this treatment, often measured as stone-free rates (SFRs), depends on factors like the size and type of the stone, how the access puncture is made, the number of tracts (pathways created for the procedure), and dilation techniques
Malnutrition and sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis: Indian expert opinion perspective on screening and managements
Authors: Vinayakumar K. R.
Published: September 2024

Malnutrition and sarcopenia in Liver cirrhosis led to poor outcomes, complications, quality-of-life and increased mortality. This review discusses the prevalence of malnutrition and causative factors from an Indian patient and clinician perspective, nutritional assessment strategies, and management of malnutrition and sarcopenia. A group of experts discussed the dietary and lifestyle factors leading to malnutrition, screening tools and management algorithms to assess severity of malnutrition, and imaging modalities for diagnosing sarcopenia. They discussed the lack of routine screening in cirrhotic patients and advocated the use of quick and practical screening tools such as hand grip strength (HGS), gait speed, and body mass index (BMI) in clinical settings for early assessment of nutritional status and sarcopenia. Following screening and diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies, a comprehensive nutritional management plan consisting of adequate dietary protein and caloric intake, along with multivitamin and BCAA supplementation is recommended and has shown better clinical outcomes. Suitable screening and management strategies were considered essential to improve prognosis of cirrhotic patients.
Peripheral vertigo and appropriate use of Betahistine to improve outcomes
Authors: Raheja Girish
Published: September 2024

Vertigo, characterized by a spinning or whirling sensation, is a common condition with a prevalence of 4.9% in the general population. It is caused by dysfunction in the vestibular system and can be classified as peripheral or central. Common causes of peripheral vertigo include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, and vestibular neuritis. Betahistine hydrochloride, a structural analog of histamine, is a commonly used treatment for peripheral vertigo. It acts as both a histamine H1 antagonist and a partial inverse agonist, improving cochlear blood flow and inhibiting vestibular neuronal firing. Betahistine has been shown to be effective in controlling symptoms, reducing frequency and intensity of vertigo attacks, and improving quality of life.
Association between pseudoexfoliation syndrome and dyslipidemia: A case control study
Authors: Lone Imtiyaz Ahmad , Qazi Afshan Sumaiya , Bashir Sheikh Asma
Published: September 2024

: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome, also known as PEX 1, is a systemic micro fibrillopathy associated with ageing that is brought on by the gradual buildup of extracellular white and grey matter on various ocular and extra ocular structures. It is deposited in extra-ocular tissues such the heart, blood vessels, meninges, liver, and lungs. Numerous investigations have shown a connection between PEX and glaucoma. A person with PEX is typically thought to be at risk for acquiring glaucoma, and vice versa.

Atherosclerosis is facilitated by dyslipidemia, which is an increase in plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), or both, or a low HDL level. A potential risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular disease is dyslipidemia. Numerous investigations have discovered abnormal lipid profiles in pseudoexfoliation syndrome patients, including elevated levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL. Due to the straight association between lipid levels, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular risk, patients with PEX are shown to be at an elevated risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

To study the correlation between dyslipidemia and pseudoexfoliation syndrome in patients above 50 years of age and compare it with age matched controls.

This case control study was conducted from November 2020 to November 2022 at SKIMS Medical College and Hospital, Srinagar and included 150 patients with PEX above 50 years of age and compared with age matched controls.

In this study mean total cholesterol among cases was 176.88±34.76 mg/dl versus 172.94±51.51 mg/dl in controls. P-value for total cholesterol was statistically insignificant (0.438). Mean triglyceride level among cases was 180.11±54.70 mg/dl while as mean triglyceride level among controls was 163.14±46.21 mg/dl and P-value was found to be statistically significant. Mean LDL level among cases was 104.57±32.80 mg/dl while as in controls mean was 82.70±27.60 mg/dl. P-value for LDL levels was found to be statistically significant. Mean HDL levels among cases was found to be 41.93±8.94 mg/dl while as in controls mean was 39.67±13.73 mg/dl. P-value for HDL levels was statistically insignificant (0.09). Mean VLDL levels among cases was found to be 25.34±19.52 mg/dl while as in controls mean was 27.66±14.36mg/dl. P-value for VLDL levels was statistically insignificant (0.242).

There is significant correlation between dyslipidemia and pseudoexfoliation syndrome in patients above 50 years of age.
Influence of swirl, tumble and squish flows on combustion characteristics and emissions in internal combustion engine- review
Authors: Kaplan Mahmut
Published: September 2024

This study gives an overview of available literature on flow patterns such as swirl, tumble and squish in internal combustion engines and their impacts of turbulence enhancement, combustion efficiency and emission reduction. Characteristics of in-cylinder flows are summarized. Different design approaches to generate these flows such as directed ports, helical ports, valve shrouding and masking, modifying piston surface, flow blockages and vanes are described. How turbulence produced by swirl, tumble and squish flows are discussed. Effects of the organized flows on combustion parameters and exhaust emission are outlined. This review reveals that the recent investigations on the swirl, tumble and squish flows are generally related to improving in-cylinder turbulence. Thus, more experimental and numerical studies including the impacts of this organized flows on turbulence production, combustion behavior and pollutant formation inside the cylinder are needed.
Feedback in print and electronic portfolios: More of the same or two sides of the same coin
Authors: Lam Ricky , Gam Ling
Published: September 2024

Feedback is significant in language learning and teaching. Nevertheless, how feedback is utilised effectively in various instructional approaches and assessment tools remains contentious. In portfolio scholarship, feedback plays a pivotal role in aligning language teaching, learning, and assessment seamlessly. Although feedback has been constantly reported in second-language portfolio studies, not much, thus far, has been investigated to understand the role of feedback in both formats, namely paper-based and electronic portfolios (also known as e-Portfolios) in compulsory education. To fill this lacuna, this article discusses what role feedback plays in portfolio assessment; reviews how the feedback process is similar and different in two portfolio mediums; and identifies which portfolio format could facilitate transformative feedback experience throughout portfolio development stages. To achieve these goals, the article first unpacks the role of feedback in language education and its link with formative assessment and self-regulated learning. The article goes on to review research on feedback in both portfolio versions in terms of divergences, convergences, and categories. It further discusses six contemporary feedback issues in portfolio assessment. Afterwards, the article evaluates the extent to which portfolio integration in Hong Kong compulsory education promotes or constrains feedback provision and engagement. Lastly, teaching implications of how to maximise the learning-oriented potential of multimedia feedback in portfolio programmes are recommended.
Deciding on “next steps” together: Using progress guides to better differentiate feedback for all in diverse middle school math and science classrooms
Authors: Duckor Brent , Holmberg Carrie
Published: September 2024

While researchers and practitioners have long known that differentiating formative feedback (FF) is a requisite for creating more equitable learning opportunities for students, less is known about how teachers plan for, enact, and reflect on differentiated FF dialogues with students individually, in small groups, or as a whole class—a lens on practice we refer to as “configurations”. This empirical, qualitative case study used a new FF framework to explore how middle-school math and science teachers engaged in FF dialogues with students in different configurations, modalities (written, spoken, nonverbal feedback), and directionalities (teacher-driven, peer-to-peer-driven, self-driven feedback). Findings from analyses of classroom videos, transcripts, and reflections on the use of criterion-referenced assessment tools, including a tool called a “progress guide”, found participants engaged in differentiated FF conversations with students more frequently when using scaffolds/tools. Teachers reported more confidence when using progress guides to launch one-on-one and small-group discussions of “first-draft” responses to tasks. The use of progress guides in student-driven self-assessment protocols also increased teachers’ sense of self-efficacy in providing differentiated feedback during class time. Results showed that equity-oriented feedback exchanges in high-needs schools centred on visible boundary objects such as progress guides helped teachers and students plan “next steps” with purpose and intention.
¿Dónde está la perspectiva de género en las publicaciones indexadas de arquitectura y urbanismo? Una revisión bibliográfica sistemática centrada en la docencia
Authors: Martín López Lucía , Durán López Rodrigo
Published: September 2024

By systematically reviewing indexed literature in the Scopus database, this study aims to identify the status of publications on the teaching of architecture and urbanism from a gender perspective. The PRISMAstatement is used, and the analysis is conducted from a descriptive viewpoint, examining trends in production, geographic location, networks of coexistence of significant terms, high-impact documents, and funding organizations. The review shows that scientific production on gender topics is feminized and underrepresented in Latin America, and it provides parallel reflections to establish a debate on the state of the art.
Femingas, una herramienta (de)construcción feminista
Authors: Sobrero Florencia
Published: September 2024

This research paper presents an experiential map drawn from my experience as an architect, aiming to understand the barriers, challenges, tools, and alternatives encountered in the practice of construction and spatial modification alongside women and sexual and gender dissidents.
I propose a critical lens that seeks to (de)construct traditional notions formed by gender stereotypes and binary logics. Additionally, I highlight specific cases of spatial intervention to grasp the challenges faced by those of us who seek to build. I recount the first experience of the Femingas1 as the seed of a personal and political tool.
Game-Based Reading Instruction: Insights from Student Perceptions Using Digital Jigsaw Puzzles
Authors: Arifin Samsul , Minatul Imaamah Alfiyatu Nuuriyyah Aa , Sari Dwi Rosita
Published: September 2024

Indonesian students' reading literacy is still categorized as low, according to the PISA 2022 results. This fact improves efforts to familiarize reading at any educational level, including the school teaching-learning process. The research aims to discover students' perceptions of both affective and micro-skills of reading assisted with digital jigsaw puzzles. The study was a descriptive qualitative design involving junior high school students in Indonesia. In-depth interviews and observations collected the data. The data is analyzed through interactive analysis or three flows of thought. The findings show widespread affective perceptions of the learning reading using digital jigsaw puzzles. In addition, digital jigsaw puzzles raise students' positive perceptions of understanding the following reading macro-skills: the gist, main idea, explicit information, reference words, and inference. However, few students struggle to find implicit information and word meaning due to limited vocabulary mastery and rush time. All in all, digital jigsaw puzzles can be a preferential instruction to enhance students' reading literacy.
Quality Assessment of the University Classroom Lighting - A Case Study
Authors: Tureková Ivana , Lukáčová Danka , Bánesz Gabriel
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to prove that the quality of the school environment significantly influences students’ academic performance. The factors affecting the work environment are accurate lighting which plays an important role in visual tasks, resulting in either visual comfort or visual fatigue. This study presents the results of lighting objectification of a selected university classroom. Specifically, it focuses on detection of the daylight factor, which is a significant criterion for the amount of daylight in the classroom. Its value is a relative magnitude and depends on the correct spatial layout of the classroom. The results of the study indicate the insufficient values of this indicator. At the end, with a software, the solution for replacing the artificial lighting in the classroom is designed, which is a possible alternative for improving the visual comfort of the classroom.
On the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of the Famous Morphologist and Teacher Petr Fedorovich Stepanov
Authors: Stepanova I. P. , Stepanov S. P. , Kargina A. S.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to a major Soviet and Russian anatomist, Professor Petr Fedorovich Stepanov. He organized and headed the Department of Human Anatomy in Chita, then Smolensk, was a leading anatomist in the field of anatomy of the nervous system, a wonderful teacher, a kind, responsive and principled person with an active lifestyle.
Dynamics of Burn Wound Healing in Children: Dependence on Anthropometric Parameters
Authors: Soboleva M. Yu. , Alexeeva N. T. , Sokolov D. A. , Klochkova S. V. , Klyueva L. A. , Tkachenko E. I.
Published: September 2024

Thermal trauma among pediatric patients has remained the leading cause of hospitalization in pediatric surgery departments in recent decades. Anthropometric parameters are often used by doctors when performing a comprehensive assessment of the child's physical development, and can also be used as essential factors in predicting the course of the disease. The aim of the study was to assess the dynamics of burn wound healing and its relationship with anthropometric parameters in individuals of the first period of childhood. Material and methods. The study involved investigation of the wound healing process in 125 male children, aged 4–6, having different levels of physical development. The patients' height, body weight (with calculation of the body mass index), head, chest and waist circumferences were measured on the day of admission using a standard set of anthropometric instruments, the WHtR index (waist to height ratio), and the head to chest ratio was calculated. Based on the BMI parameters, patients were divided into two groups: with normal weight and overweight. The wound area was measured on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th days using the stereometric technique, applying a polyethylene antiseptic-processed film to the wound surface; this followed by outlining the edges of the wound defect. The results were processed using nonparametric statistics. Results It was found that in overweight patients, all the studied parameters, except for the ratio of head circumference to chest circumference, were higher than in children with the normal body weight. Correlations were detected between a number of anthropometric parameters in patients of both groups. On the 7th day, 73.9% of children with the normal body weight demonstrated epithelialization of the wound defect over the entire surface area of the wound, while in overweight children this was observed only in 34% of cases. Conclusion. As demonstrated, we obtained anthropometric measurements in boys of the first period of childhood having normal and overweight body weight. In children with the normal body weight, the process of wound epithelialization was completed mainly on the 7th day, while in patients with excess body weight, the wound defect closed by the 9th day. Excess body weight in children has a statistically significant relationship with an increased healing time of burn wounds.
Developing Approaches to Optimise Reparative Histogenesis of the Tympanic Membrane Tissues: History, the State-of-Art and Perspectives of Reparative Otosurgery
Authors: Shevlyuk N. N. , Dolgov V. A.
Published: September 2024

The paper describes the issues to optimize reparative histogenesis of the tympanic membrane tissues (history, state-of-the art and perspectives) based on data from national and foreign scientific literature. One of the causes of hearing loss is the violated integrity of the tympanic membrane, resulting from its injury or the developing inflammatory processes in the middle ear. It has been established that small perforations of the tympanic membrane can spontaneously close in the reparative stage of acute purulent otitis media or when the exacerbation of chronic purulent otitis media subsides. Restoration of large perforations of the tympanic cavity requires surgical intervention. Since 17th century, plastic surgery options for the tympanic membrane perforations with various biological and non-biological materials have been developing. However, until the beginning of the XX century, the approaches used did not lead to complete histio- and organotypic restoration of the tympanic membrane, but only ensured closure of the defect. At the present stage, otosurgeons use various plastic materials to restore the integrity of the eardrum: autografts; allografts; implants made of non-biological material. Nylon mesh, cotton-adhesive discs, and knotless knitted fabric made of polyamide fiber are applied as implants. Biological transplants applied include the skin of the inner surface of the shoulder and the occipital-temporal region, the wall of the vein, the fascia of the temporal muscle, the dura mater, the perichondrium, nanostructured bioplastic material created on the basis of hyaluronic acid hydrocolloid and a peptide complex, etc. The use of these modern options in most cases leads to organotypic and, in some cases, histiotypic restoration of the eardrum structure, ensuring complete epithelialization of its outer and inner surfaces. However, there are a number of unresolved issues regarding the diverse materials application for plastic surgery, as well as the timing of reconstructive surgeries on the middle ear.
Linder hypothesis and India’s services
Authors: Chakradhar Jadhav , Singh Juhi , Renukunta Anusha
Published: September 2024

This study examines the empirical validity of the Linder hypothesis for India’s service sector exports from 2005 to 2021, focusing on 35 major importing countries. We use a gravity model trade, applying Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) and two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM), incorporating country- and time-fixed effects. Our results confirm that the Linder hypothesis does not hold for Indian service exports, revealing an increase in trade intensity between countries with dissimilar income levels. The study finds that distance has a positive and significant impact on Indian service exports. Exchange rates have a negative and significant impact on India’s service exports, while the results for the RTA dummy variable are inconclusive. Sharing a common border, a common colony, and a language has a positive and significant effect on Indian service exports.
Price limit bands, risk-return trade-offand asymmetric volatility: Evidence fromTunisian Stock Exchange sectors
Authors: Mnari Othman , Faouel Bassma
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the impact of imposing various price limit bands on risk-return trade-off and asymmetric volatility on the Tunisian Stock Exchange (TSE). The study applies the EGARCH-M approach during the period spanning from 2 January 2019 to 31 January 2024, covering the periods before, during, and after the COVID-19 era. During the COVID-19 period, the TSE reduced the per-session price limit to protect investors from severe price fluctuations. Despite this protective measure, the results show that higher volatility is compensated by lower returns on all sectors’ returns. After the crisis, as a first step, the TSE widened the price limits, but subsequently, it narrowed them. The results show that the shift from the wider price limit regime to the narrow price limits regime structurally modifies volatility for small and large cap sectors.
Automated Classification of Elementary Instructional Activities
Authors: Foster Jonathan K. , Youngs Peter , Van Aswegen Rachel , Singh Samarth , Watson Ginger S. , Acton Scott T.
Published: September 2024

Despite a tremendous increase in the use of video for conducting research in classrooms as well as preparing and evaluating teachers, there remain notable challenges to using classroom videos at scale, including time and financial costs. Recent advances in artificial intelligence could make the process of analyzing, scoring, and cataloguing videos more efficient. These advances include natural language processing, automated speech recognition, and deep neural networks. To train artificial intelligence to accurately classify activities in classroom videos, humans must first annotate a set of videos in a consistent way. This paper describes our investigation of the degree of inter-annotator reliability regarding identification of and duration of activities among annotators with and without experience analyzing classroom videos. Validity of human annotations is crucial for research involving temporal analysis within classroom video research. The study reported here represents an important step towards applying methods developed in other fields to validate temporal analytics within learning analytics research for classifying time- and event-based activities in classroom videos.
Políticas municipais de Educação Especial em debate: o profissional de apoio escolar nos processos inclusivos
Authors: Sozo Carolina Mross , Haas Clarissa
Published: September 2024

O tema central deste estudo é o profissional de apoio escolar previsto nas diretrizes nacionais da política de educação especial na perspectiva da educação inclusiva como um dos agentes de atuação nos processos escolares inclusivos. Investiga-se a regulamentação do profissional de apoio escolar nos 14 municípios que integram a Região Metropolitana da Serra Gaúcha (RMSG) no Rio Grande do Sul. A abordagem da pesquisa é qualitativa; envolveu estudos bibliográficos, documentais e de indicadores educacionais; e as análises foram construídas a partir de eixos temáticos: nomenclaturas, atribuições, formação e articulação dos profissionais de apoio com os docentes do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). Analisa-se que as nomenclaturas utilizadas para se referir a esses profissionais são diferentes em cada município; não há clareza quanto às suas atribuições e em relação à formação inicial e continuada a ser exigida como necessária ao cargo; há lacunas referentes à dimensão pedagógica envolvendo a articulação entre os profissionais especializados e de apoio escolar; observa-se uma tendência de maior contratação de profissionais de apoio escolar em vez de profissionais especializados em alguns contextos e, ainda, a ausência de ambos os profissionais nos municípios menos populosos, dificultando a consolidação das políticas municipais de Educação Especial. Faz-se necessária umaregulamentação da identidade do profissional de apoio escolar em âmbito nacional como forma de assessoria técnica às políticas municipais de Educação Especial na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva.
Development of Arabic-speaking material for nursing students: An experimental study
Authors: Ismail Zawawi , Jaya Khairul Huda , Said Ismail Wail Muin Alhaj
Published: September 2024

The ability to speak and communicate in Arabic as a foreign language is essential for nurses to carry out their duties in globalization. However, the lack of learning materials for medical purposes is an obstacle for nursing students to learn Arabic conversation. This paper aimed to explore the effectiveness of speaking materials in improving the speaking skills of nursing students. This study involved one experimental group consisting of 33 nursing students. In obtaining the data, this study used a quasi-experimental one-group pretest & post-test. Then the data obtained were analyzed using a t-test. The results of this paper show that speaking material can improve speaking skills for nursing students. Through speaking materials that contain activities related to medical purposes, they can master the various vocabularies and phrases and use them in speaking and communicating with their friends and their work environment.
Keywords: Communicative competence; nursing students; speaking material; speaking skills; specific purposes.
Behavioral problems among children in Al-Kharj City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, due to COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Hassen Reham
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the behavioral problems among children in Al-Kharj City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, due COVID-19 lockdown. The study sample consisted of 154 children, 83 boys and 71 girls, randomly chosen. The ages of the selected sample population range between 2-6 years. A questionnaire of 36 paragraphs was prepared by the researchers outlining the following dimensions. The results of the study showed the following that the level of behavioral problems resulting from quarantine among children in Al-Kharj city is low, however, there are differences in the behavioral problems of children attributed to the mother's occupation, no differences in the behavioral problems of children due to the age of the child in all dimensions except for “Sleep and emotional problems dimensions” which were in favor of age category (2-6) years.  There is also a positive relationship between the children's behavioral problems and the level of the mother's education, while there is no such relationship in the case of the father's education level.  Mental health must be supported by implementing the three mental health approaches: developmental, preventive, and curative, especially in times of public crises.
Keywords: Behavioral problems; COVID-19; lockdown; quarantine.
Benefits and challenges of the Heutagogy approach in education: A systematic review
Authors: Ramas Sumathy , Yasin Ruhizan M. , Adnan Nor Hafizah
Published: September 2024

Heutagogy in education has emerged as a concept that will support education by giving students the choice of self-determined learning. However, any educational level can incorporate this strategy. The goal of this literature review was to examine the advantages and drawbacks of using the Heutagogy method in education. Out of 123 papers from 2018 to 2022, 28 were extracted using two databases, Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, while considering inclusion and exclusion parameters. According to the literature study, there are several advantages to using the Heutagogy approach in education, such as improved mentoring skills for the Heutagogy approach, increased self-determined learning among students,  and the development of Information and Communication Technology abilities. Subsequently, the Heutagogy approach’s adoption in education does face significant difficulties. Teachers, students, and environmental factors are some of these difficulties. It is intended that this systematic literature evaluation would give educators a better grasp of the extent to which the Heutagogy approach would reshape education.
Keywords: Heutagogy approach; Information and Communication Technology (ICT); self-determined learning.
INTEGRASI STRUKTUR, FUNGSI DAN PERKEMBANGBIAKAN TUMBUHAN DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Syafiq Amirul , Fahruddin M. Mukhlis
Published: September 2024

Integrasi berasal dari bahasa inggris "integration" yang berarti penggabungan, keseluruhan atau kesempurnaan. Integrasi menurut Sanusi (1987, h 25) adalah suatu kesatuan yang utuh, tidak terpecah belah dan bercerai berai.Integrasi Agama dan Sains dimaknai sebagai proses penggabungan dan penyesuaian di antara unsur-unsur Agama maupun Sains, sehingga menghasilkan perpaduan dua dimensi berbeda yang kemudian memilki keiserasian.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian adalah survey. Tumbuhan merupakan salah satu makhluk hidup ciptaan Allah yang sangat bermanfaat. Tumbuhan dapat memunculkan beberapa zat untuk dimanfaatkan oleh makhluk hidup lainnya. Dalam ilmu biologi, tumbuhan mengalami proses pertumbuhan yang sangat rumit. Mulai dari perkecambahan, melakukan penyerapan air dari dalam tanah. Tumbuhan memulai perkembangannya.Semakin majunya IPTEK (Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi) pada saat ini, perubahan penemuan-penemuan yang ada pada saat ini harus dibarengi dengan penambahan keagamaan. Materi Pembelajaran IPA khususnya pada Tema struktur, fungsi dan perkembangbiakan tumbuhan diintegarasikan dengan Ilmu-ilmu islam berdasarkan Al-qur’an, sehingga ditemukanlah akar benang merah dari integrasi kedua kajian tersebut.Kata Kunci: Integrasi, Makhluk Hidup, Perkembang biakan, Sains, Tumbuhan.
MANFAAT BUAH ZAITUN DALAM SAINS DAN AL-QURAN
Authors: Alam Muhammad Tegar Bahrul , Fahruddin M. Mukhlis
Published: September 2024

Many plants and fruits are mentioned in the Qur'an. Allah has grown all kinds of plants and all forms of plants that exist on this earth. There are many scientific miracles regarding agricultural fields in the Qur'an, one of which is the Olive fruit. Olives have the scientific name Olea europaea which are spread in the Mediterranean countries, Africa, the Arabian peninsula, India, and Asia. Olives have many benefits such as reducing high blood pressure, facilitating urination, lowering blood sugar levels, containing anti-microbial substances and effective in dealing with viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The content of compounds contained in olives such as phenols, tocopherols, sterols, pigans and squalene have an important role in health and can cure several diseases. Olives also contain omega 9 and omega 3 which can function as anti-inflammatory.  Keywords: fruit, olives, science, plants, integrity, the Koran
Teh Hitam Cammelia Sinensis Dan Manfaatnya Untuk Kesehatan Pendekatan Berbasis Sains Dan Nilai Islam
Authors: Putri Ivvani Aulia , Sholikah Siti Amanatus , Mubasyiroh Mubasyiroh , Prasetyo Oky Bagas , Aini Nur , Yulianti Eny
Published: September 2024

Black tea from Camellia sinensis has been a highly popular beverage in Indonesia since the 17th century. Various types of Camellia sinensis tea include white tea, green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. Each type of tea has a distinct antioxidant profile, with black tea containing the highest caffeine content. All types of tea are rich in antioxidants like polyphenols, which play a crucial role in protecting the body from free radicals and reducing the risk of various diseases such as Alzheimer's, diabetes, stroke, hypertension, obesity, cancer, and have antibacterial properties while also serving as an anti-aging treatment for the skin.From an Islamic perspective, the Quran contains numerous verses that command humans to observe and study Allah's creations. This underscores the belief that nothing Allah has created is without purpose, implying that every creation has significant benefits. The consumption of black tea aligns with the principle of maintaining physical health as a form of spiritual responsibility, as also instructed in the Quran. The integration of scientific approaches with religious values elevates black tea beyond merely a beverage enjoyed for its taste, tradition, and health benefits, making it a part of a holistic healthy lifestyle. Utilizing tea production technology and advancing research to uncover the benefits of black tea is a way of expressing gratitude and is considered an act of worship, as its development adheres to the principle of benefiting others.
Childbirth Fear and Birth-Related Mindset of First-Time Mothers Who Registered for Antenatal Care in Public Hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Oladele OreOluwa Christiana , Akinwaare Margaret Omowaleola , Ogbeye Gbemisola Bolanle , Oluseye Olabisi
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:Globally, studies have reported that many pregnant women often dread the childbirth experience. Its prevalence is higher in developing countries than in the developed countries. It is a problem more common among primigravid women, with consequences for their health and implications for their labor, birth, and postpartum period. Hence, there is a need to assess the level of childbirth fear and birth-related mindset among primigravida attending antenatal clinics in selected hospitals in Ibadan.

METHODOLOGY:This study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. Two hundred and four primigravid women were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with the aid of a questionnaire, and the result was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

RESULTS:Findings of the study revealed that slightly above half (55.9%) of the respondents had a high level of childbirth fear. Also, majority (52%) of the respondents had a natural birth-related mindset. It further revealed that there is a significant association between age and childbirth fear with apvalue of <.001. Also, there is a significant association between childbirth fear and birth-related mindset with ap-value of <.001.

CONCLUSION:The study concluded that there is a high level of childbirth fear among primigravida. It is recommended that there should be an increased focus on the fears of women of all ages toward childbirth. This should include providing tailored sensitive interpersonal care to them at all levels of care.
Measuring Individual Potential and Nature-Nurture Interactions to Support and Select Personnel for Professions with Very High Physical and Mental Load
Authors: A* Dössegger , M Flück , Ch Protte , E Häusler , R Züger
Published: September 2024

The ability of a selection process to identify and evaluate relevant competencies and skills, combined with an individualized support for further development is crucial for successful role placement and long-term individual health. This is especially important in professions with very high physical and mental load, such as police and military special operation forces (SOF), firefighters or paramedics.