bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
بناء وتقنين اختبار لتقويم زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر للاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة
Authors: التحافي سجاد , عبدالله فلاح علاء
Published: April 2023

هدف البحث إلى بناء اختبار زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر للاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة، والتعرف على القيم الرقمية لاختبار زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر لدى لاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة، واشتقاق معايير اختبار زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر لتقويم لاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة، وأعتمد المنهج الوصفي على لاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة من أندية المبارزة الناشئين الذكور بأعمار تحت (15) عام للموسوم الرياضي (2022/2023) البالغ عددهم الكلي (67) لاعب، اختيروا جميعهم عمدياً بأسلوب الحصر الشامل بنسبة (100%) ليمثلوا عينة البحث الكلية، اختير منهم للعينة الاستطلاعية (6) لاعبين، ولعينة البناء (31) لاعب، ولعينة التطبيق (التقنين) (30) لاعب يمثلون من المجتمع الأصل، وتوصل الباحثان أن اختبار زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر حقق مستويات معيارية ستة يتم من بوساطتها تقويم زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر للاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة، نوصي اعتماد نتائج هذا البحث باعتماد اداة قياس لاختبار زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر للاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة،  والاهتمام بتوفير المستلزمات الخاصة بقياس زمن سرعة الاستجابة الحركية لمهارتي التقدم والتقهقر للاعبي سلاح الشيش في رياضة المبارزة، فضلاً عن تدريب المدربين على كيفية تطبيقه في تتبع مستوى لاعبيهم.
تأثير تمرينات خاصة بأدوات مساعدة وفق استراتيجية التعليم المتمايز (النمط البصري) في تعلم الركلة الهلالية الدائرية (السبنكك) للاعبي المدراس التخصصية بالتايكواندو
Authors: الفيرجاوي أحمد , عدنان بان
Published: April 2023

هدف البحث الى تصميم أدوات مساعدة في تعلم الركلة الهلالية الدائرية (السبنكك) للاعبي المدارس التخصصية بأعمار 12-14 سنة، اعداد تمرينات خاصة باستخدام ادوات مساعدة مصممة وفق استراتيجية التعليم المتمايز (النمط البصري) في تعلم الركلة الهلالية الدائرية (السبنكك) لعينة البحث. استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين التجريبي والضابطة. تكون مجتمع البحث من لاعبي المدارس التخصصية بالتايكواندو في بغداد والبالغ عددهم (70) لاعب، وتم اختيار عينة البحث على وفق مجموعة من الشروط ومنها ان لا يتجاوز العمر التدريبي للاعب عن 8 أشهر ولا يقل عن 4 أشهر. وقام الباحثان باختيار مهارة الركلة الهلالية الدائرية، وكما تم تقسيم العينة الى مجموعتين(الضابطة) التي ضمت 8 لاعبين والمجموعة التجريبية البصرية التي ضمت 10 لاعبين بناءً على مقياس الانماط الذي تم تكييف فقراته لتلاءم العينة ومن ثم تطبيق التجربة الرئيسة والاختبار البعدي بعد ذلك للحصول على البيانات والقيام بتفسيرها ومناقشتها. واستنتج الباحثان ان تم معالجة الفروق الفردية بين اللاعبين من خلال التعليم المتمايز اذ حقق مبدا التعليم من حق الجميع وان الادوات المساعدة المصممة كان لها أثر ايجابي في التعلم واضافت عامل الاثارة والتشويق. وأوصى الباحثان اعتماد الادوات المساعدة المصممة في التعلم واعطائها مساحة أكبر لتكون دافع لرفع مستوى اللاعبين وتطورهم وتعريف المدربين بالتعليم المتمايز واهم فوائد ومزايا هذه الطريقة التعليمية وتدريبهم عليها وذلك لان معرفة المدرب بالاستراتيجية يسهل عملية التعلم بها.
Validity And Reliability of Field and Wingate Tests to Measure the Anaerobic Power of The Upper Limb Muscles
Authors: Alkazaly Ahmed , Altay Usama
Published: April 2023

The research aimed to find the validity and reliability of physical tests (forward medicine ball throwing from a sitting, push-up, bench press) and Wingate anaerobic test to measure anaerobic power for upper limb muscles. The researchers used the descriptive approach. The subject was (25) students from the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences - University of Baghdad. The mean and standard deviation of height, weight, and age were (175.63 ± 4.83 cm) (65.94 ± 1.64 kg) (22.81 ± 1.64 years), respectively. The four tests were implemented twice, with a time interval between one test and another four days. discriminative validity (peripheral comparison) was used to find validity, and interclass correlation - ICC coefficient for reliability. The results showed the validity and reliability of all tests. the results were significant between the upper and lower categories (p < 0.05), and the (ICC) for the four tests was (0.959) (0.828) (0.815) (0.841), respectively.
تأثير تمرينات لاهوائية في بعض متغيرات النشاط الكهربائي للعضلات العاملة لدى السباحين الناشئين بسباحة 50 متر حرة
Authors: محي الدين تارة , نجم الدين ايمان
Published: April 2023

هدف البحث الى التعرف على قيم متغيرات النشاط الكهربائي للعضلة ثلاثية الرؤوس العضدية (Triceps) والدالية الكتفية الوسطى (Mid. Deltoid) والظهرية العريضة (Lat. Dorsi) وللجهة المفضلة للسباح في اثناء أداء السباحة الحرة خارج الماء والتعرف على الفروق بين الاختبارات القبلية والبعدية لتأثير التمرينات في قيم النشاط الكهربائي (القمة ومتوسط القمم والمساحة تحت المنحنى ونسبة التغير%). تم استعمال المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي. وتكونت عينة البحث من سباحي نادي السليمانية الناشئين بواقع 6 سباحين. بلغ المتوسط الحسابي لأطوال وأوزان وعمر عينة البحث (171.17 ±2.86 سم) (54.50 ±5.75 كغم) (15.17 ±0.75 سنة) على التوالي. تم استعمال جهاز التدريب خارج الماء وجهاز تسجيل النشاط الكهربائي (Ultium EMG) وبرنامج التحليل (MR2. 12). تم تطبيق المنهج التدريبي لمدة (10) أسابيع، وبينت النتائج حدوث تطور معنوي في النشاط الكهربائي للعضلات العاملة، وان أكبر تطور حدث في العضلة ثلاثية الرؤوس.
Ideación e Intentos Suicidas en los Adolescentes Estudio de dos Casos
Authors:   , Bedoya Adiodato
Published: April 2023

In the clinical work carried out in my experience as a psychologist in a state institution, and at a private level, and especially with the case studies, I have been able to analyze in depth the problematic of suicidal ideation and intent in adolescents, addressing it from the qualitative research approach, under the study method of two cases. Helped by the psychoanalytic psychotherapy that was offered over 100 sessions to each participant, the individuals in the study poured their experiences from their own reality. The transit of the individual through the stages that precede adolescence is fundamental as part of a continuous development, where, when reaching adolescence, with its own challenges, challenges and tasks that it contains, it can become an experience full of Stress that can be measured taking into account the individual's own experience and the level of stress that can stand. In this regard, we note that adolescents, at this stage, reissue and update what they have experienced in previous stages, from the good relationship with their parents and their family environment, to the various negative aspects that have had a great influence on their subsequent development. In this sense, family conflicts such as infidelity between parents, intrafamily violence, and divorces; In addition, a history of sexual abuse, in childhood or in adolescence itself, can affect the individual in a number of ways without excluding self-harm, ideation and suicidal intent. The adolescent experiences a deep suffering in which he feels lonely, abandoned, hopeless and often thinks, long before the first attempt, that there is no more "effective" exit than death by suicide. The more accompanied, on a professional level, from psychotherapy two or three times a week, and at the family level, the adolescent will find other suitable coping options.
A Mathematical Method to Calculate the Vertical Dimension for Fully Edentulous Malaysians Patients
Authors: Al-Samawi Laith Mahmoud Abdulhadi , Al-Ani Hanaa , Laith Homam
Published: April 2023

Recording of vertical dimension for patients who seek oral and occlusal rehabilitation is one of the main steps of the treatment. Many methods were proposed for the profession yet none can be used solely to determine the vertical dimension. Teaching and assessment of vertical dimensions for undergraduates should be monitored by extra simple-use techniques. The aim of this study was to find a simple, reliable, fast method to record and assess the vertical dimension by dental students and practitioners. Data were collected from 115 young volunteers from MAHSA University with natural healthy occlusion. Their age range was 18-25 years. The distances from endocanthion to commissure of the mouth (IC-MC), nasion to gnathion at occlusion (NA-GN occ), and at rest (NA-GN rest) were measured by 3 examiners. The records were correlated using the Pearson correlation method at (ρ<.01, 2-tailed), and a linear regression model was calculated. In addition, the ratios between the two measurements were calculated to find the Golden number. The results revealed the presence of a significant linear relationship between the vertical dimension, measured from the nasion to gnathion at occlusion and rest positions with IC-MC distance (r =0.90, and r =0.89 at ρ<.01 respectively). On the other hand, regression analysis yielded two linear formulae that can be used to predict the vertical dimension at occlusion and rest in edentulous patients. In conclusion, a new technique was presented to assess the vertical dimension as a tailored method for Malaysian patients.
Synthesis of aliphatic nitriles from cyclobutanone oxime mediated by sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2)
Authors: Chen Xian-Lin , Qin Hua-Li
Published: April 2023

A SO2F2-mediated ring-opening cross-coupling of cyclobutanone oxime derivatives with alkenes was developed for the construction of a range of δ-olefin-containing aliphatic nitriles with (E)-configuration-selectivity. This new method feathers wide substrate scope, mild condition and direct N−O activation.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Günlük Tutma Alışkanlıkları ile Yazmaya Karşı Tutum ve Yazma Kaygıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Akpınar Şerife , Ercan Güven Aliye Nur , Yiğit Zeynep
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada ortaokul öğrencilerinin günlük tutma alışkanları ile yazma tutumu ve yazma kaygıları arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma deseninde gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, tarama modeli ve ilişkisel model bir arada kullanılmıştır. Veriler, 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde Konya’da öğrenim gören ortaokul düzeyindeki öğrencilerden elde edilmiştir. Verilerin toplandığı Konya’nın merkez ilçeleri olan Meram, Selçuklu ve Karatay’da öğrenim gören toplam 492 ortaokul öğrencisi çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Öğrencilerin 107’si 5. sınıf, 129’u 6. sınıf, 153’ü 7. sınıf ve 103’ü 8. sınıf düzeyindedir. Verilerin toplanmasında kişisel bilgi formu, Can ve Topçuoğlu-Ünal (2017) tarafından hazırlanan “Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik Yazma Tutum Ölçeği” ile Karakuş-Tayşi ve Taşkın (2018) tarafından hazırlanmış olan “Ortaokul Öğrencileri için Yazma Kaygısı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS 22.0 programı yardımıyla analiz edilmiştir. Ulaşılan bulgular, sadece %10 gibi düşük bir oranda da olsa ortaokullarda düzenli olarak günlük tutan öğrencilerin varlığını göstermektedir. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin günlük tutma alışkanlıklarının cinsiyetlerine, sınıf düzeylerine ve okunan kitap sayısına göre anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin yazma tutumları genellikle olumlu olmasına rağmen kaygının bazı alt boyutlarında kaygılandıkları görülmüştür. Günlük tutma alışkanlığının yazmaya karşı tutumla ilişkisi pozitif yönlüyken günlük tutma alışkanlığı ile yazma kaygıları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Öğrencilerin yazmaya karşı tutumları ile yazma kaygıları arasında zayıf bir ilişki vardır. Çalışma sonunda ortaokul öğrencilerinin günlük yazmanın getireceği faydalar hakkında bilgilendirilmesi ve öğrencilerin günlük tutmaya teşvik edilmesi önerilmektedir.
Anambra State Residents’ Attitude towards Radio Campaigns Messages on Compliance to Covid-19 Protocols
Authors: Nwodu Gloria Eberechukwu , Nsude Ifeyinwa , Emechebe Nkiru Camilla , Ezeali Chika Thonia
Published: April 2023

The study examined Anambra state residents’ attitude towards radio campaign messages on compliance to covid-19 protocols, with the objectives includes: to determine the level of awareness of Anambra state residents to radio campaigns messages of covid-19 protocols; to determine the extent radio campaigns influenced residents’ compliance to use of face masks and to ascertain the level of influence of radio campaigns on residents’ compliance to hand washing etiquette. The forms of delivering the campaigns considered were radio jingles, radio dramas, public service announcements, and sponsored health talks. The Population for the study was 5,932,516, four hundred (400) participants were surveyed across six (6) purposively selected local government areas in Anambra State. The study found that majority of the residents are highly aware and knowledgeable about COVID-19 radio campaign messages. The study also found that the radio campaign messages has highly influenced the audience to use face masks and also adhere to hand washing protocol.
International legal and institutional framework for combating genocide in Rwanda
Authors: Oleksandr Bazov
Published: April 2023

The article examines the legal and institutional foundations of the fight against the international community and individual states with the crime of genocide and other crimes in Rwanda. An analysis of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court for Rwanda in the field of combating international crimes has been carried out. The features of judicial activity in solving issues of bringing persons to justice for committing the crime of genocide are revealed.
Key words: international criminal court, genocide, Rwanda, non-international armed conflict, responsibility.
Subject of the crime under art. 326 of the criminal code of Ukraine
Authors: Salahor Inessa
Published: April 2023

The characteristics of the subject of offence under Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are considered in the article. It is stated that violation of the rules of treatment of microbiological or other biological agents or toxins is not included in the list of crimes, which stipulates the liability of legal entities. Notwithstanding that a deliberate violation of these rules may be committed by an authority on behalf of and in the interests of a particular legal entity, it is concluded that the subject of offence under Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is exclusively an individual.

The author expresses her own insight of criminal sanity related to a criminal offense under the provisions of Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, particularly, defines it as the ability of a person to realize that his actions (acts of omission) are a violation of the rules of biological pathogens handling and are biologically dangerous, as well as the ability to choose an option (method) of pathogens handling.

Under such circumstances, the subject of offence under the Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, may be characterized by diminished sanity, inability to understand their actions (acts of omission) exactly and / or manage them.

It is argued that criminal liability of a person who has violated the rules of treatment of biological pathogens can occur only after he reaches 18 years of age. According to the analysis of the scientist’s views and the provisions of regulations in the relevant area, it is concluded that the subject of offence under Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine of a crime – special, regardless to the fact of absence of the direct provision in the law. In author’s point of view, the penal part of Article, in particular, stipulated herein type of additional punishment as deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities, is an indirect indicator that the subject of violation of the rules of treatment of biological pathogens is special.

It is concluded that the subject of offence under Art. 326 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is a person responsible for his/her actions (or person with a diminished sanity) who has reached the age of 18 at the time of the comiting crime and who, in accordance with his duties or professional functions must comply with the rules of treatment of biological pathogens.

Key words: subject of offence, biological pathogens, toxins, person, sanity, increased age of criminal liability, special subject of offence.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND SUSTAINABLE PROFITABILITY : EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN COSMETICS CORPORATE
Authors: Dave Dr. Ashvin , Parwani Dr. Ashwin , Joshi Dr. Ashish B
Published: April 2023

The financial leverage is Combination of equity and debt. The article investigates the influence of financial structure on the Sustainable profitability of Cosmetic companies of India listed on NSE for 10 years from 2012 to 2021. The independent variable taken for the research are debt-assets ratio, debt to equity ratio, interest coverage ratio and fixed assets turnover ratio, while profitability is a dependent variable. The study finds that DER and FATR is a very important variable from view point of the sustainable profitability of the company and should be given more importance by managers of the company.
DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS
Authors: Bhattacharya Dr. Surjoday , Manohar Dr. Ram
Published: April 2023

Over the decades, it has been assumed that emotional intelligence plays an important role in getting success in human life. Many researches proved and justified that emotional intelligence has remained a significant relationship to behavioural aspects of teachers as well as prospective teachers. Measurement of EI can best be understood in the light of the pioneering works of the EI model. There are three basic models of emotional intelligence as: the Mayer Model, Bar-On Model and Goleman Model. The relationship between teaching and emotional intelligence and lack of any EI measuring tools for prospective teachers necessitated the development of EI scale. So, the objective of the paper was to develop an EI scale for prospective teachers. Study considered common subscales of Goleman’s, Bar-On’s model and teachers’ quality for generating its EI construct (with 9 sub-scale). Researchers studied definitions of each of the dimensions and created 184 concerned items which were finally reduced to 50 items in final draft. In the first phase, drafts of the scale were administered on 200 prospective teachers and in the final phase 100 prospective teachers of eastern Uttar Pradesh were participated in the study. Content validity (CVR>=0.8), inter-rater reliability (0.788 substantial Fleiss’ kappa reliability) and Construct validity (using CFA where CFI & RMSEA were found 0.957 and 0.048 as acceptable fit) were established. Reliability analysis was done using Cronbach’s alpha (0.926) and split-half reliability (0.843) index. Norms were set as above average EI having score higher than 215.7, below average EI having score lower than 177.05 and average EI having score in between 215.7 and 177.05.
INTERPLAY BETWEEN CONSTRUCTIVISM AND METACOGNITIVE REGULATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MATHEMATICS STUDENTS
Authors: Nadim Dr. Danish
Published: April 2023

This study was to examine the effect of constructivist approach on mathematical metacognition. Instructional intervention package was planned to implement through true-experimental design. Initially sixty students from ninth-grade were selected through randomly and assigned into two groups; experimental and control groups. These two groups; experimental and control groups were formed on the basis of Raven’s Progressive Matrix test scores through matched by randomization. Finally, forty-four students in which twenty-two in each group were included for interventions as a sample for this study. Inventory of metacognitive regulation as the form of pretest and posttest were administered before and after the implementing the instructional intervention. After analyzing data by using analysis of co-variance techniques, revealed that metacognitive regulation in terms of planning and monitoring skills were not improved by constructivist approach among the secondary level students.
ASSESSMENT REFORMS IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION: PERSPECTIVES OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Juma Hamis , Patel Dr G. S.
Published: April 2023

The fourth industrial revolution has transformed the nature of jobs by the vast introduction of breakthrough technologies and triggered a change in education assessment practices. Going to university is one of the ways for learners to gain relevant skills to get the right job. Universities provide students with access to skills and knowledge to be useful in their communities and expand their capabilities. This study explored the students’ perspectives on changing nature of assessment in higher education. Students shared perspectives on the current assessment method, the relevance of assessment and how they would like to be assessed in the future. A total of 111 students studying under ICCR scholarship in Gujarat state participated in the study by filling out the questionnaire survey form. Results demonstrate that to date the prominent assessment method is pen and paper, however, the students found it useful when assessed progressively using research, project /experiential learning, coaching and mentorship and incubation in comparison to pen and paper-based assessment. Based upon study findings, the study proposes curricula change and the adoption of new assessment practices that can reflect the need of the fourth industrial revolution.
FEDERALISING INDIA'S FOREIGN POLICY AND REGIONAL COOPERATION: STATE'S ROLE IN FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: . Prof (Dr) Manish , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: April 2023

This paper is an assessment to determine the role of Indian states in Indian foreign policy making and tries to systematically analyse the factors that contribute to the rise of the state's role in shaping Indian foreign policy. The relevance of the state's role will increase with the geography of India's position in the subcontinent, as most of the Indian states barring a few, share international borders and have historical and cultural connections with trans-border nations. Thus, regional issues impact India's subnational units' interests and influence the decision-making in Indian foreign policy and India's regional cooperation. This is an enquiry about the role of states in Indian foreign policy to see the push-pull effect of states on bilateral foreign policy decisions. It examined and analysed whether the role and influence of states have been different when they were part of the coalition government at the Centre from the case when they were not part of the government in New Delhi. Indian Constitution, parliament discussion, national interests and prevalent political structure have evolved foreign policy decision-making over time, which is dynamic due to the influence of domestic politics and India’s aspirations of emergence in the world order. In India's foreign policy, the Centre has acted dominantly and exclusively based on the philosophy that the Centre should control international affairs without any inferences by the federal units of the Union. The Constitution nowhere describes the polity as federal. However, the features, distribution of powers and characteristics indicate that it predominantly works as a federation in times of peace and acts as a unitary government during an emergency. Lately, with the emergence of the coalition government in India and the changed world order after 1991, it has been seen that states were reaching out from their limited autonomy and actively interacting with external actors for their interests which remained coupled with national interests. Federal polity relations between the Centre and states are crucial in determining the effectiveness of policy and governance. Deeper penetration of democratisation within the society and an open and expanding economy has given space to subunits to influence foreign policy. Later, when India opened its markets for foreign investment, the Centre assumed the role of regulator and patron of the state's ties with external agencies. This changing economic scenario and the advent of globalisation factors like the state's economic conditions, capabilities and cultural ties became important factors, leveraging their role in India's foreign policy. While analysing the role of states in Indian foreign policy, West Bengal's role in influencing the neighbourhood policy with Bangladesh is significant and cannot be neglected. Similarly, Tamilnadu's active role in India's policy towards Sri Lanka is noticeable.
IMPACT OF EMPLOYER BRANDING ON RETENTION OF EMPLOYEES IN MINING INDUSTRIES IN SOUTHERN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Rao Pooja , Bhargava Dr. Deepti
Published: April 2023

To invite talented employees, employers have implemented certain practices in recent years. Employee branding is a tool of management that can assist to retain staff and decrease compensation levels. Employer branding focus on both attracting have employees and retaining existing employees employer branding can become more successful if it make its existing employees statue, more stability of employees show that employees are highly satisfied with their organization. In this study researchers investigated effects of employee branding on staff retention in mining industries in Southern Rajasthan. This study also covered factors affecting on employer branding in mining industries in Southern Rajasthan. From the result of the study it can be inferred that employer branding of mining companies is effective.
મહાત્મા ગાંધીજી અને મજૂર – પ્રવૃત્તિ
Authors: ચૌધરી ડૉ.સોનલ
Published: April 2023

ઈ.સ. 1857ના મહાસંગ્રામને અંતે, ભારતમાં ઇસ્ટ ઇન્ડિયા કંપનીના શાસનનો અંત આવ્યો અને બ્રિટીશ તાજના શાસકોએ ભારતનું શાસન સીધું પોતાના હાથ નીચે લીધું. ઈ.સ. 1858માં મહારાણી વિક્ટોરિયા હિન્દુસ્તાનની પણ સામ્રાજ્ઞી બનતાં, તેમણે એક ઢંઢેરો બહાર પાડી, હિન્દની પ્રજાને ખાતરી આપી કે – “હિંદમાં સ્થિર સરકારની રચના થતાં કાયદાનું પાલન થશે. સૌ કોઈને પોતપોતાનો કામધંધો કે વ્યવસાય કરવાની તેમજ ધર્મનું પાલન કરવાની છૂટ રહેશે.” આવી ખાતરી મળતાં, હિંદમાં મોટા ઉદ્યોગો સ્થાપવાની અનુકૂળતા ઊભી થઇ તેમજ ‘ઔધોગિક ક્રાન્તિ’ ની શરૂઆત થઇ. અલબત્ત, સૌ પ્રથમ સુતરાઉ કાપડના ઉદ્યોગના અને ત્યારબાદ લોખંડ-પોલાદ, મોટાં વહાણોનું બાંધકામ વગેરે ઉદ્યોગો સ્થાપવા લાગ્યા. સાથે સાથે ચાના બગીચા પણ વિકસ્યા. ઈ.સ.1855માં બંગાળમાં શણની સૌથી પહેલી મિલ સ્થપાઈ અને 1859માં અમદાવાદમાં રણછોડલાલ છોટાલાલ ‘રેંટિયાવાળા’ દ્વારા પહેલી સુતરાઉ કાપડની મિલ સ્થપાઈ. નવા નવા ઉદ્યોગો વિકસતા જતા હતા, છતાં આ સમયે આપણા દેશમાં મજૂરોનું કોઈ સંગઠન નહોતું તેમજ કલ્યાણકારી મજૂર-પ્રવૃત્તિનો વ્યવસ્થિત કોઈ આરંભ થયો ન હતો. આમ જોવામાં આવે તો પરોક્ષ રીતે ભારતમાં શ્રી લોખંડેના નેતૃત્વ હેઠળ, તેમના પ્રયાસોથી મજૂર સંગઠનની શરૂઆત થઇ હતી. આ ઉપરાંત ગાંધીજીના આગમન પહેલા મિલમાલિક સારાભાઈના કુટુંબમાં જન્મેલ અનસૂયાબહેનને 1913માં “મજૂર મિત્ર મંડળ” નામની સંસ્થાની સ્થાપના કરી અને એ રીતે મજૂર-પ્રવૃત્તિનો અમદાવાદમાં આંશિક રીતે આરંભ થયો.ભારતમાં શ્રી બી.પી. વાડિયા દ્વારા ‘મદ્રાસ લેબર યુનિયન’ ની સ્થાપના દ્વારા વ્યવસ્થિત મજૂર-પ્રવૃત્તિનો આરંભ કર્યો. ભારતમાં ગાંધીજીનું આગમન અને તેમના દ્વારા કરાયેલ મજૂર ઉત્થાન માટેની વિવિધ પ્રવૃત્તિ ભારતીય મજૂર પ્રવૃત્તિમાં મહત્વનું સ્થાન ધરાવે છે.
A REPETITION OF COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REASONING AND NUERICALABILITY OF HIGH AND LOW PERFORMER OF IX STANDARD STUDENTS
Authors: Sunita Tiwari , Gautam Rohit , Maiyani Dr. Preeti
Published: April 2023

"A Comparative Study of reasoning and Numerical Ability of High and Low performer of IX Standard Students" is the title of the current study. In the current study, the researcher gathered data from a sample of 374 IX-grade children enrolled in schools in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, that are associated with the C.B.S.E. and G.S.E.B. Dr. K.H. Yadav's standardized tool, which was used to collect the data, was used. The method used to acquire the data was a survey. The statistical method, which uses the t-test, mean, and standard deviation to interpret the data, was used. Finally, a resolution was reached and the outcomes were made known.
Strategi Public Relation Melalui Pemanfaatan Instagram Sebagai Media Promosi pada “Dakon Resto” Banyuwangi Jawa Timur
Authors: Pertiwi Ratih , Ariyani Nafiah
Published: April 2023

AbstractToday's social media seems to be an idol star in modern society. The closeness of an individual and social media are two things that cannot be separated. This provides an opportunity for the business sector, especially the culinary sector, to take advantage of social media as a means of market opportunities. there is a need for a combination of public relations in providing various indications and broad public relations effects. Public relations works most effectively when integrated into the areas of product quality, customer service, and corporate identity. Hence the element of credibility that builds a platform for publicity. Through the use of social media (Instagram) Dakon Resto hopes to achieve a goal, namely as an effective way in a public relations strategy where Instagram is used as a promotional medium to attract the performance and quality of the restaurant. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. So as to conclude, Dakon Resto's social media (Instagram) has an important role in planning a public relations strategy as a promotional medium, for example when online newsrooms become effective when inviting visitors to browse through social media sites (Instagram) to obtain more in-depth information.Keywords: Strategy, Public Relations, Instagram, Media Promotion, Dakon Resto AbstrakMedia sosial saat ini seolah menjadi bintang idola di tengah masyarakat modern. Kedekatan seorang individu dan media sosial merupakan dua hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Hal ini, memberikan peluang bagi sektor bisnis khususnya bidang kuliner untuk memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai sarana dari peluang pasar tersebut. Sehingga diperlukan adanya perpaduan public relation dalam memberikan indikasi yang beragam dan efek public relation yang luas. Public relation bekerja secara efektif jika diintegrasikan ke dalam area kualitas produk, pelayanan pelanggan, dan identitas perusahaan. Maka elemen kredibilitas yang membangun platform untuk publisitas. Melalui penggunaan media sosial (Instagram) Dakon Resto berharap menghasilkan tujuan yakni sebagai cara yang efektif dalam strategi public relation yang mana instagram sebagai media promosi untuk menarik performa dan kualitas restoran tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan secara fenomenologi. Sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan, media sosial (Instagram) Dakon Resto memiliki peranan penting dalam merencanakan strategi public relation sebagai media promosi salah satu contohnya saat ruang redaksi online menjadi efektif ketika mengundang pengunjung untuk menelusuri melalui situs  media sosial (Instagram) untuk memperoleh informasi lebih mendalam.Kata Kunci: Strategi, Public Relation, Instagram, Media Promosi, Dakon Resto
Responsabilidade civil por assédio judicial e o direito à liberdade de expressão
Authors: Jardim Augusto Tanger , Barbosa Fernanda Nunes
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo trata do uso disfuncional do direito de acesso à justiça, na hipótese em que a finalidade do agente é constranger o pleno exercício do direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão, e suas consequências no terreno da responsabilidade civil. Para enfrentar esse problema, propõe-se a, em um primeiro momento, refletir sobre o exercício abusivo do direito de ação e como a massificação das relações sociais pode impactar na sua caracterização e, em um segundo momento, apresentar casos em que o exercício abusivo do direito de demandar configura judicialização predatória que, além de causar prejuízos à parte passíveis de reparação, viola o direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão. A partir de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, chega-se à conclusão de que tanto o Código Civil como o Código de Processo Civil apontam para a possibilidade de se pleitear indenização por perdas e danos a todo aquele que litigar de má-fé utilizando-se do processo como forma de causar intimidação, vingança ou coação, sendo possível a atribuição de responsabilidade civil àquele que praticou o ato de coordenação do ajuizamento massivo de demandas.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Program Percepatan Pencegahan Stunting Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan
Authors: Natsir Mohammad
Published: April 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan evaluasi sejauh mana pelaksanaan kebijakan undang-undang nomor 36 tahun 2009 tentang kesehatan khususnya pada pencegahan stunting, untuk memetakan dan menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi kendala pelaksanaan kebijakan undang-undang nomor 36 tahun 2009 tentang kesehatan khususnya pada pencegahan stunting. Digunakan Model CIPP, yaitu konteks, input, proses serta produk dikarenakan model ini lebih menyeluruh pada evaluasi dikarenakan evaluasi dilakukakan mulai awal proses sampai dengan akhir proses. Konteks evaluasi dilakkan uji apakah tujuan dirumuskan secara jelas dan spesifi, atau tidak. Input evaluasi dilakukan uji apakah input untuk mencapai tujuan sudah cukup memadai serta bagaimana kualitasnya. Proses evaluasi  yang dikaitkan  dengan bagaimana prosedur melaksanakan program, serta apakah didapat kelemahan-kelemahan dalam mendukung proses pekerjaan. Produk evaluasi yang dikaitkan dengan hasil yang dicapai dari suatu program/kebijakan, serta apakah program perlu dilanjutkan, dilanjutkan dengan revisi atau tidak dilanjutkan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, berupa penelitian evaluasi dengan desain kualitatif-verivikatif, dengan varian kualitatif evaluatif, karena penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meneliti suatu program/kebijakan. .Dalam setiap tahap penelitian/pengambilan kesimpulan, dilakukan langkah-langkah berupa data reduksi, data display, serta data verivication. Berdasarkan evaluasi kontek, disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan program pencegahan stunting masih dirumuskan secara sederhana, sehingga belum dimengerti sepenuhnya dan belum difahami oleh aparat pembina sepenuhnya. Dari evaluasi input didapatkan kesimpulan aparat pembina belum sepenuhnya mengalokasikan dana, Prasarana dan sarana, serta sumber daya yang menukupi untuk melakukan pembinaan. Berdasarkan Evaluasi Output, belum diapai  sasaran sepenuhnya.
Variable Blue Straggler Stars in the Open Cluster NGC 6819 Observed in the Kepler “Superstamp” Field
Authors: Guzik Joyce A. , Baran Andrzej S. , Sanjayan Sachu , Németh Péter , Hedlund Anne M. , Jackiewicz Jason , Dauelsberg Lori R.
Published: April 2023

NGC 6819 is an open cluster of age 2.4 Gyr that was in the NASA Kepler spacecraft’s field of view from 2009 to 2013. The central part of the cluster was observed in a 200 × 200 pixel “superstamp” during these four years in 30 minute cadence photometry, providing a unique, high-precision, long time-series data set. The cluster contains “blue straggler” stars, i.e., stars on the main sequence above the cluster turnoff that should have left the main sequence to become red giants. We present light curves and pulsation frequency analyses derived from custom photometric reductions for five confirmed cluster members—four blue stragglers and one star near the main-sequence turnoff. Two of these stars show a rich spectrum of δ Scuti pulsation modes, with 236 and 124 significant frequencies identified, respectively, while two stars show mainly low-frequency modes, characteristic of γ Doradus variable stars. The fifth star, a known active X-ray binary, shows only several harmonics of two main frequencies. For the two δ Scuti stars, we use a frequency separation–mean density relation to estimate their mean densities, and then use these values along with their effective temperature to derive their stellar masses and radii. For the two stars showing low frequencies, we searched for period-spacing sequences that may be representative of gravity-mode or Rossby-mode sequences, but found no clear sequences. The common age for the cluster members, considered along with the frequencies, will provide valuable constraints for asteroseismic analyses, and may shed light on the origin of the blue stragglers.
Searching for Compact Object Candidates from LAMOST Time-domain Survey of Four K2 Plates
Authors: Qi Senyu , Gu Wei-Min , Yi Tuan , Zhang Zhi-Xiang , Wang Song , Liu Jifeng
Published: April 2023

The time-domain (TD) surveys of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) yield high-cadence radial velocities, paving a new avenue to study binary systems including compact objects. In this work, we explore LAMOST TD spectroscopic data of four K2 plates and present a sample of six single-lined spectroscopic binaries that may contain compact objects. We conduct analyses using phase-resolved radial velocity measurements of the visible star to characterize each source and to infer the properties of invisible companion. By fitting the radial velocity curves for the six targets, we obtain accurate orbital periods, ranging from ∼(0.6 to 6) days, and radial velocity semiamplitudes, ranging from ∼(50 to 130) km s−1. We calculate the mass function of the unseen companions to be between 0.08 and 0.17 M
⊙. Based on the mass function and the estimated stellar parameters of the visible star, we determine the minimum mass of the hidden star. Three targets—J034813, J063350, and J064850—show ellipsoidal variability in the light curves from K2, ZTF, and TESS surveys. Therefore, we can put constraints on the mass of the invisible star using the ellipsoidal variability. We identify no X-ray counterparts for these targets except for J085120, of which the X-ray emission can be ascribed to stellar activity. We note that the nature of these six candidates is worth further characterization utilizing multiwavelength follow-up observations.
Equalizing the Pixel Response of the Imaging Photoelectric Polarimeter Onboard the IXPE Mission
Authors: Rankin John , Muleri Fabio , Di Marco Alessandro , Fabiani Sergio , La Monaca Fabio , Soffitta Paolo , Bachetti Matteo , Baldini Luca , Costa Enrico , Di Lalla Niccolò , Manfreda Alberto , O’Dell Stephen L. , Perri Matteo , Puccetti Simonetta , Ramsey Brian D. , Sgrò Carmelo , Tennant Allyn F. , Tobia Antonino , Trois Alessio , Weisskopf Martin C. , Xie Fei
Published: April 2023

The Gas Pixel Detector is a gas detector, sensitive to the polarization of X-rays, currently flying onboard the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE)—the first observatory dedicated to X-ray polarimetry. It detects X-rays and their polarization by imaging the ionization tracks generated by photoelectrons absorbed in the sensitive volume, and then reconstructing the initial direction of the photoelectrons. The primary ionization charge is multiplied and ultimately collected on a finely pixellated ASIC specifically developed for X-ray polarimetry. The signal of individual pixels is processed independently and gain variations can be substantial, of the order of 20%. Such variations need to be equalized to correctly reconstruct the track shape, and therefore its polarization direction. The method to do such equalization is presented here and is based on the comparison between the mean charge of a pixel with respect to the other pixels for equivalent events. The method is shown to finely equalize the response of the detectors onboard IXPE, allowing a better track reconstruction and energy resolution, and can in principle be applied to any imaging detector based on tracks.
The HETDEX Survey Emission-line Exploration and Source Classification*
Authors: Davis Dustin , Gebhardt Karl , Cooper Erin Mentuch , Ciardullo Robin , Fabricius Maximilian , Farrow Daniel J. , Feldmeier John J. , Finkelstein Steven L. , Gawiser Eric , Gronwall Caryl , Hill Gary J. , Hopp Ulrich , House Lindsay R. , Jeong Donghui , Kollatschny Wolfram , Komatsu Eiichiro , Landriau Martin , Liu Chenxu , Saito Shun , Tuttle Sarah , Wold Isak G. B. , Zeimann Gregory R. , Zhang Yechi
Published: April 2023

The Hobby–Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) is an untargeted spectroscopic survey that aims to measure the expansion rate of the universe at z ∼ 2.4 to 1% precision for both H(z) and D

A
(z). HETDEX is in the process of mapping in excess of one million Lyα emitting (LAE) galaxies and a similar number of lower-z galaxies as a tracer of the large-scale structure. The success of the measurement is predicated on the post-observation separation of galaxies with Lyα emission from the lower-z interloping galaxies, primarily [O ii], with low contamination and high recovery rates. The Emission Line eXplorer (ELiXer) is the principal classification tool for HETDEX, providing a tunable balance between contamination and completeness as dictated by science needs. By combining multiple selection criteria, ELiXer improves upon the 20 Å rest-frame equivalent width cut commonly used to distinguish LAEs from lower-z [O ii] emitting galaxies. Despite a spectral resolving power, R ∼ 800, that cannot resolve the [O ii] doublet, we demonstrate the ability to distinguish LAEs from foreground galaxies with 98.1% accuracy. We estimate a contamination rate of Lyα by [O ii] of 1.2% and a Lyα recovery rate of 99.1% using the default ELiXer configuration. These rates meet the HETDEX science requirements.
Estimation of Turbulent Proton and Electron Heating Rates via Landau Damping Constrained by Parker Solar Probe Observations
Authors: Shankarappa Niranjana , Klein Kristopher G. , Martinović Mihailo M.
Published: April 2023

The heating of ions and electrons due to turbulent dissipation plays a crucial role in the thermodynamics of the solar wind and other plasma environments. Using magnetic field and thermal plasma observations from the first two perihelia of the Parker Solar Probe, we model the relative heating rates as a function of the radial distance, magnetic spectra, and plasma conditions, enabling us to better characterize the thermodynamics of the inner heliosphere. We employ the Howes et al. steady-state cascade model, which considers the behavior of turbulent, low-frequency, wavevector-anisotropic, critically balanced Alfvénic fluctuations that dissipate via Landau damping to determine proton-to-electron heating rates Q

p
/Q

e
. We distinguish ion cyclotron frequency circularly polarized waves from low-frequency turbulence and constrain the cascade model using spectra constructed from the latter. We find that the model accurately describes the observed energy spectrum from over 39.4% of the intervals from Encounters 1 and 2, indicating the possibility for Landau damping to heat the young solar wind. The ability of the model to describe the observed turbulent spectra increases with the ratio of thermal-to-magnetic pressure, β

p
, indicating that the model contains the necessary physics at higher β

p
. We estimate high magnitudes for the Kolmogorov constant which is inversely proportional to the nonlinear energy cascade rate. We verify the expected strong dependency of Q

p
/Q

e
on β

p
and the consistency of the critical balance assumption.
Alternative Waiting Time Statistics for the Lu and Hamilton Avalanche Model
Authors: Kychenthal Matías , Morales Laura F.
Published: April 2023

The solar corona hosts many explosive events. Among them, flares are some of the most energetic, rapidly releasing huge amounts of energy and, in the case of the largest ones, producing coronal mass ejections that have the potential to harm life on our planet. Therefore, there is great interest in attempting to foresee the occurrence of extreme solar flares. Avalanche models for solar flares have been used since the beginning of the 1990s to model the flaring corona in a simple and computationally inexpensive way. The pioneering and now most prevalent model in the literature was proposed by Lu and Hamilton. This model has been extremely useful to reproduce most of the main characteristic features observed in solar flares (e.g., the probability density function of a flare’s energy) and, in recent years, has been used as the starting point to predict extreme flaring events. In this work, we revisit Lu and Hamilton’s model and the very definition of waiting time for both extreme and all-sized events. We find that extreme avalanche statistics are well described by a log-normal distribution, in accordance with recent observations of solar flares.
Earth as an Exoplanet. II. Earth’s Time-variable Thermal Emission and Its Atmospheric Seasonality of Bioindicators
Authors: Mettler Jean-Noël , Quanz Sascha P. , Helled Ravit , Olson Stephanie L. , Schwieterman Edward W.
Published: April 2023

We assess the dependence of Earth’s disk-integrated mid-infrared thermal emission spectrum on observation geometries and investigate which and how spectral features are impacted by seasonality on Earth. We compiled an exclusive data set containing 2690 disk-integrated thermal emission spectra for four different full-disk observing geometries (North and South Pole-centered and Africa and Pacific-centered equatorial views) over four consecutive years. The spectra were derived from 2378 spectral channels in the wavelength range from 3.75–15.4 μm (nominal resolution ≈1200) and were recorded by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder on board the Aqua satellite. We learned that there is significant seasonal variability in Earth’s thermal emission spectrum, and the strength of spectral features of bioindicators, such as N2O, CH4, O3, and CO2 depends strongly on both season and viewing geometry. In addition, we found a strong spectral degeneracy with respect to the latter two indicating that multi-epoch measurements and time-dependent signals may be required in order to fully characterize planetary environments. Even for Earth and especially for equatorial views, the variations in flux and strength of absorption features in the disk-integrated data are small and typically ≤ 10%. Disentangling these variations from the noise in future exoplanet observations will be a challenge. However, irrespectively of when the planet will be measured (i.e., day or night or season) the results from mid-infrared observations will remain the same to the zeroth order, which is an advantage over reflected light observations.
Evolutionary Deformation toward the Elastic Limit by a Magnetic Field Confined in the Neutron-star Crust
Authors: Kojima Yasufumi , Kisaka Shota , Fujisawa Kotaro
Published: April 2023

Occasional energetic outbursts and anomalous X-ray luminosities are expected to be powered by the strong magnetic field in a neutron star. For a very strong magnetic field, elastic deformation becomes excessively large such that it leads to crustal failure. We studied the evolutionary process driven by the Hall drift for a magnetic field confined inside the crust. Assuming that the elastic force acts against the Lorentz force, we examined the duration of the elastic regime and maximum elastic energy stored before the critical state. The breakup time was longer than that required for extending the field to the exterior, because the tangential components of the Lorentz force vanished in the fragile surface region. The conversion of large magnetic energy, confined to the interior, into Joule heat is considered to explain the power for central compact objects. This process can function without reaching its elastic limit, unless the magnetic energy exceeds 2 × 1047 erg, which requires an average field strength of 2 × 1015 G. Thus, the strong magnetic field hidden in the crust is unlikely to cause outbursts. Furthermore, the magnetic field configuration can discriminate between central compact objects and magnetars.
On the Interpretation of the Scalings of Density Fluctuations from In Situ Solar Wind Observations: Insights from 3D Turbulence Simulations
Authors: Du Senbei , Li Hui , Gan Zhaoming , Fu Xiangrong
Published: April 2023

Solar wind turbulence is often perceived as weakly compressible and the density fluctuations remain poorly understood both theoretically and observationally. Compressible magnetohydrodynamic simulations provide useful insights into the nature of density fluctuations. We discuss a few important effects related to 3D simulations of turbulence and in situ observations. The observed quantities such as the power spectrum and variance depend on the angle between the sampling trajectory and the mean magnetic field due to anisotropy of the turbulence. The anisotropy effect is stronger at smaller scales and lower plasma beta. Additionally, in situ measurements tend to exhibit a broad range of variations, even though they could be drawn from the same population with the defined averages, so a careful averaging may be needed to reveal the scaling relations between density variations and other turbulence quantities such as turbulent Mach number from observations.