bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional profiling of human intestinal plasma cells reveals effector functions beyond antibody production
Authors: Snir Omri , Kanduri Chakravarthi , Lundin Knut E A , Sandve Geir Kjetil , Sollid Ludvig M
Published: July 2019

Background

Plasma cells (PCs) are terminally differentiated B‐lymphocytes producing antibodies. In coeliac disease (CeD) there is increased density of PCs in the small‐intestinal lesion. Many of these PCs produce disease‐specific autoantibodies targeting transglutaminase 2 (TG2).

Objective

The plasmacytosis of CeD motivated us to study the transcriptional programme of PCs from coeliac gut lesions.

Methods

RNA‐seq was performed on the PCs of CeD patients and disease controls, being specific or non‐specific for TG2.

Results

Being antibody‐producing cells, 67% of the PCs’ transcript was aligned to immunoglobulin genes. Strikingly, genes encoding ligands and receptors of chemokines and cytokines were abundant. Higher transcript levels of genes associated with cell activation and immune responses were observed in PCs of CeD patients compared to controls. TG2‐specific compared to non‐TG2 specific PCs expressed increased levels of CXCR3, CXCL10 and interleukin‐15; factors that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of CeD yet with production attributed to other cells than PCs. The presence of transcripts of HLA class II and T‐cell co‐stimulatory molecules suggests that PCs may serve as antigen‐presenting cells for CD4 + helper T cells.

Conclusions

Our findings shed new light on the biology of intestinal PCs, implicating functions that go beyond the production of immunoglobulins.
Prevention of progression of pulmonary hypertension by the Nur77 agonist 6-mercaptopurine: role of BMP signalling
Authors: Kurakula Kondababu , Sun Xiao-Qing , Happé Chris , da Silva Goncalves Bos Denielli , Szulcek Robert , Schalij Ingrid , Wiesmeijer Karien C. , Lodder Kirsten , Tu Ly , Guignabert Christophe , de Vries Carlie J.M. , de Man Frances S. , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , ten Dijke Peter , Goumans Marie-José , Bogaard Harm Jan
Published: July 2019

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive fatal disease characterised by abnormal remodelling of pulmonary vessels, leading to increased vascular resistance and right ventricle failure. This abnormal vascular remodelling is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction, increased proliferation of smooth muscle cells, inflammation and impaired bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling. Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 is a key regulator of proliferation and inflammation in vascular cells, but its role in impaired BMP signalling and vascular remodelling in PAH is unknown.

We hypothesised that activation of Nur77 by 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) would improve PAH by inhibiting endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodelling.

Nur77 expression is decreased in cultured pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) and lungs of PAH patients. Nur77 significantly increased BMP signalling and strongly decreased proliferation and inflammation in MVECs. In addition, conditioned medium from PAH MVECs overexpressing Nur77 inhibited the growth of healthy smooth muscle cells. Pharmacological activation of Nur77 by 6-MP markedly restored MVEC function by normalising proliferation, inflammation and BMP signalling. Finally, 6-MP prevented and reversed abnormal vascular remodelling and right ventricle hypertrophy in the Sugen/hypoxia rat model of severe angioproliferative PAH.

Our data demonstrate that Nur77 is a critical modulator in PAH by inhibiting vascular remodelling and increasing BMP signalling, and activation of Nur77 could be a promising option for the treatment of PAH.
The lncRNA UCA1 promotes proliferation, migration, immune escape and inhibits apoptosis in gastric cancer by sponging anti-tumor miRNAs
Authors: Wang Chao-Jie , Zhu Chun-Chao , Xu Jia , Wang Ming , Zhao Wen-Yi , Liu Qiang , Zhao Gang , Zhang Zi-Zhen
Published: July 2019

Background

UCA1 is a long non-coding RNA which was found overexpressed in various human cancers including gastric cancer (GC). It is identified that UCA1 promotes GC cells proliferation, migration and invasion, however, the role of UCA1 during the processes of immune escape is still not unclear.

Methods

We collected 40 paired GC and non-tumor tissue samples. The level of UCA1 in GC and control tissue samples were determined by in situ hybridization and qRT-PCR. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. GC cells’ migration capacities were examined by transwell assay. To understand the roles of UCA1 during immune escape, wildtype or UCA1 KO GC cells co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells or cytokine-induced killer cells in vitro. Mouse model was used to examine the function of UCA1 in vivo.

Results

UCA1 promoted GC cells proliferation and migration, and inhibit apoptosis. UCA1 repressed miR-26a/b, miR-193a and miR-214 expression through direct interaction and then up-regulated the expression of PDL1. UCA1-KO GC cells could induce a higher IFNγ expression when co-cultured with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and have a lower survival rate when co-cultured with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in vitro. UCA1-KO GC cells formed smaller tumors, had higher miR-26a, −26b, −193a and − 214 level, reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in xenograft mouse model.

Conclusions

UCA1 overexpression protected PDL1 expression from the repression of miRNAs and contributed to the GC cells immune escape. UCA1 could serve as a potential novel therapeutic target for GC treatment.
C3aR signaling and gliosis in response to neurodevelopmental damage in the cerebellum
Authors: Young Kevin G. , Yan Keqin , Picketts David J.
Published: July 2019

Background

Conditional ablation of theSmarca5gene in mice severely impairs the postnatal growth of the cerebellum and causes an ataxic phenotype. Comparative gene expression studies indicated that complement-related proteins were upregulated in the cerebellum ofSmarca5mutant mice. Complement proteins play critical roles within innate immune signaling pathways and, in the brain, are produced by glial cells under both normal and pathological conditions. The C3 complement protein-derived signaling peptide, C3a, has been implicated in contributing to both tissue damage and repair in conditions such as multiple sclerosis and stroke. Here, we investigated whether C3a receptor (C3aR) signaling promoted damage or repair in the developing cerebellum ofSmarca5mutant mice.

Methods

Brain and cerebellum lysates from singleSmarca5conditional knockout (Smarca5cKO) mice,C3aR1KO mice, or double mutant mice were used for qRT-PCR and immunoblotting to assess the contribution of C3aR to theSmarca5cKO brain pathology. Immunohistochemistry was used to characterize alterations to astroglia and phagocyte cells in the developing cerebellum of each of the genotypes.

Results

C3aR signaling was observed to limit gliosis and promote granule neuron survival during postnatal cerebellar development. InSmarca5cKO mice, disorganized astroglia with increased GFAP expression develops concurrently with cerebellar granule neuron loss and phagocyte invasion over the first 10 days following birth. Potential ligand precursors of C3aR—VGF and C3—were found to have upregulated expression and/or altered processing during this time. Phagocytes (microglia and macrophages) in both the control andSmarca5mutant mice were the only cells observed to express C3aR. Loss of C3aR in theSmarca5cKO cerebellum resulted in increased numbers of apoptotic cells and early phagocyte invasion into the external granule cell layer, as well as an exacerbated disorganization of the Bergmann glia. The loss of C3aR expression also attenuated an increase in the expression of the efferocytosis-related protein, MerTK, whose transcript was upregulated ~ 2.5-fold in theSmarca5mutant cerebellum at P10.

Conclusions

This data indicates that C3aR can play an important role in limiting astrogliosis and regulating phagocyte phenotypes following developmental cell loss in the brain.
Systemic treatment for lung carcinoids: from bench to bedside
Authors: Torniai Mariangela , Scortichini Laura , Tronconi Francesca , Rubini Corrado , Morgese Francesca , Rinaldi Silvia , Mazzanti Paola , Berardi Rossana
Published: July 2019

In the huge spectrum of lung neuroendocrine neoplasms, typical and atypical carcinoids should be considered as a separate biological entity from poorly differentiated forms, harboring peculiar molecular alterations. Despite their indolent behavior, lung carcinoids correlate with a worse survival. To date, only limited therapeutic options are available and novel drugs are strongly needed. In this work, we extensively reviewed scientific literature exploring available therapeutic options, new molecular targets and future perspectives in the management of well differentiated neoplasms of bronchopulmonary tree. Systemic therapy represents the main option in advanced and unresectable disease; accepted choices are somatostatin analogs, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, everolimus and chemotherapy. To date, an univocal treatment strategy has not been identified yet, thus tailored therapeutic algorithms should consider treatment efficacy as well as safety profiles. Several molecular alterations found in carcinoid tumors might act as molecular targets leading to development of new therapeutic options. Further studies are necessary to identify new potential “druggable” molecular targets in the selected subset of low‐grade lung carcinoids. Furthermore, evaluating the available therapies in more homogeneous population might improve their efficacy through a perfect tailoring of treatment options.
The lncRNA Hand2os1/Uph locus orchestrates heart development through regulation of precise expression of Hand2
Authors: Han Xue , Zhang Jiejie , Liu Yaxi , Fan Xiaoying , Ai Shanshan , Luo Yingjie , Li Xin , Jin Hengwei , Luo Sai , Zheng Hui , Yue Yanzhu , Chang Zai , Yang Zhongzhou , Tang Fuchou , He Aibin , Shen Xiaohua
Published: July 2019

Exploration and dissection of potential actions and effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in animals remain challenging. Here, using multiple knockout mouse models and single cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrate that the divergent lncRNA Hand2os1/Uph has a key complex modulatory effect on the expression of its neighboring gene HAND2 and subsequently on heart development and function. Short deletion of the Hand2os1 promoter in mouse diminishes Hand2os1 transcription to ∼8-32%, but fails to affect HAND2 expression and yields no discernable heart phenotypes. Interestingly, full-length deletion of Hand2os1 in mouse causes moderate yet prevalent upregulation of HAND2 in hundreds of cardiac cells, leading to profound biological consequences, including dysregulated cardiac gene programs, congenital heart defects and perinatal lethality. We propose that the Hand2os1 locus dampens HAND2 expression to restrain cardiomyocyte proliferation, thereby orchestrating a balanced development of cardiac cell lineages. This study highlights the regulatory complexity of the lncRNA Hand2os1 on HAND2 expression, emphasizing the need for complementary genetic and single cell approaches to delineate the function and primary molecular effects of an lncRNA in animals.
Geostatistical analysis of Malawi’s changing malaria transmission from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Chipeta Michael Give , Giorgi Emanuele , Mategula Donnie , Macharia Peter M. , Ligomba Chimwemwe , Munyenyembe Alinane , Chirombo James , Gumbo Austin , Terlouw Dianne J. , Snow Robert W. , Kayange Michael
Published: July 2019

Background: The prevalence of malaria infection in time and space provides important information on the likely sub-national epidemiology of malaria burdens and how this has changed following intervention. Model-based geostatitics (MBG) allow national malaria control programmes to leverage multiple data sources to provide predictions of malaria prevalance by district over time. These methods are used to explore the possible changes in malaria prevalance in Malawi from 2010 to 2017. 

Methods: Plasmodium falciparum parasite prevalence (PfPR) surveys undertaken in Malawi between 2000 and 2017 were assembled. A spatio-temporal geostatistical model was fitted to predict annual malaria risk for children aged 2–10 years (PfPR2–10) at 1×1 km spatial resolutions. Parameter estimation was carried out using the Monte Carlo maximum likelihood methods. Population-adjusted prevalence and populations at risk by district were calculated for 2010 and 2017 to inform malaria control program priority setting.

Results: 2,237 surveys at 1,834 communities undertaken between 2000 and 2017 were identified, geo-coded and used within the MBG framework to predict district malaria prevalence properties for 2010 and 2017. Nationally, there was a 47.2% reduction in the mean modelled PfPR2-10 from 29.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.6 to 32.3%) in 2010 to 15.2% (95% CI 13.3 to 18.0%) in 2017. Declining prevalence was not equal across the country, 25 of 27 districts showed a substantial decline ranging from a 3.3% reduction to 79% reduction. By 2017, 16% of Malawi’s population still lived in areas that support PfPR2-10 ≥ 25%.

Conclusions: Malawi has made substantial progress in reducing the prevalence of malaria over the last seven years. However, Malawi remains in meso-endemic malaria transmission risk. To sustain the gains made and continue reducing the transmission further, universal control interventions need to be maintained at a national level.
Reflective Methodical Platforms Consult-Study of Business Organizations
Authors: Красовский Юрий , Krasovskiy Yuriy
Published: July 2019

The article proposes an express study of the criteria for the transition of business organizations into a digital transformative format, as well as the assessment of risk situations in the managerial relations of the heads of business organizations in the initial stage of DH. The methodical basis of research and development are reflexive blank platforms, the content of which is the awareness, understanding and rethinking of this complex process. As a research tool, the article uses two refl exive platforms, presented as methodological research consultant-development. The relevance of the problem lies in the need for such social research and consulting development, which would help to visualize diagnostic methods that reveal the degree of preparation of managers to enter the digital process of transformation of managerial relations. In modern conditions of a gradual transition to digital technologies, it is important to develop such platforms refl exively and methodically ensuring this process, which could replace cumbersome questionnaires in the personnel management service. The scientifi c novelty of the proposed article is that the author uses express methods, i.e. new research tools that combine at the same time the speed of obtaining results and refl exive training of managers on the results obtained, i.e. intensify self-knowledge, self-esteem and self-correction of their own “I” of the leader, changing his behavior in managerial relations with the staff . Thus, there is a process of autonomous assimilation by managers of rethought management values. Practical value. Using this methodology, the personnel management service thus gets the opportunity to quickly obtain the results of self-interview managers and develop on this basis, more qualitative teaching methods. This refl exive-methodical platform of digital transformation makes it possible to make the transition to new technologies, thereby self-supporting further advancement to such developments that directly and organically stimulate in a phase, that is, in a step-by-step organization of the transition to new development conditions, reducing stress situations and thereby minimizing the costs of innovation. It activates development of intellectual resources in personnel management.
The Concept of the Implementation of the Orthobiotic Approach and Well-Being Approach to Working with Staff in the Digital Economy
Authors: Чуланова Оксана , Chulanova Oksana
Published: July 2019

The fact of the active development in recent years of scientifi c thought in the direction of researching innovations in the digitalization of the economy remains a fact. Of course, much attention is paid to the study of hyperdynamic information fl ows. At the same time, one of the most important tasks is to study the necessary competences of personnel in the digital economy. The article presents a content analysis of the defi nition of “digital economy”, discusses the benefits and risks of the digital economy, and considers the requirements for personnel in the digital economy. The content analysis of the defi nitions of “orthobiotics”, “well-being” and “well-being” is presented. The eff ect of the transition from health to increase productivity is considered. The author proposes the operationalization of soft skills with the included competencies of the orthobiotic approach and well-being. The concept of the implementation of the orthobiotic approach and well-being in working with staff in the digital economy, developed by the author, is presented.
The Role of Various Types of Stimulation in the Work Motivation of the Doctor
Authors: Москвичева Л. , Moskvicheva L.
Published: July 2019

The eff ectiveness and effi ciency of any type of professional activity largely depends on the level of motivation of the staff . Currently, a signifi cant number of mechanisms to stimulate the labor activity of employees of organizations, as well as the levels of their importance to the individual in various constitutional working conditions are described. Of particular importance is the quality of services provided in the “helping” areas of activity, which include health care. However, the range of methods used to stimulate and motivate in this area is reduced only to the use of material monetary incentives, often not related to the direct performance indicators of specialists, which levels the motivational component of these activities. Taking into account the fact that doctors, as well as representatives of any other professions, have absolutely diff erent dominant motives of labor activity, in medical organizations it is necessary to apply a diff erentiated approach to motivating and stimulating activities, including various types of material non-monetary and non-fi nancial stimulation, the result of which will be an increase in the quality and availability of medical services provided to the population.
The Interaction of Universities with Schools in the Higher Education System on the Example of the Department of Human Resourse Management of the State University of Management
Authors: Сувалова Т. , Suvalova Tatyana , Каштанова Е. , Kashtanova YEkatyerina
Published: July 2019

The need for close cooperation between the University and the school is now becoming one of the key objectives of the educational programs. The aim of the study is to analyze the options and models of interaction between the University and schools. The article deals with the specifi c activities of vocational guidance work of the University with schools on the example of the Department of “personnel management” of the State University of management: Olympiad students in the framework of the annual personnel forum, visiting master classes in sponsored schools, open days. The analysis of the positive aspects of mutual cooperation both for the partner University and for sponsored schools from the point of view of the quality of educational programs and practical experience. Possible models of joint interaction between school and University are studied: options when the Central link is a school or university and in case of equal partnership.
Logic in the Land of Make-Believe
Authors: Pollard Stephen
Published: July 2019

Philosophers call it “contagion” when pretense influences belief, behavior, perception, or emotion. This pejorative terminology is justified in some cases: fantasy and imagination can exercise a pathological influence. This essay, however, reviews some logical techniques that allow pretense to govern belief in a rational and beneficial way. Philosophers might want similar techniques in their tool-kits when they explore interactions between belief and pretense.
Evaluation of athletic club training management fostered by youth and sports department, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmat Zikrur , Irfandi . , Al-Hazmy Abdullah , Purnama Sapta Kunta , Kristiyanto Agus
Published: July 2019

This study aims to evaluate the management of the athletic club, especially jump and throwing numbers under Youth and Sports Department of Aceh, and specifically aimed to assess the extent to which the development of the management of athletic sports clubs in each district/sub- district under the Youth and Sports Department of Aceh. This research is conducted in Sabang, Aceh Besar, Pidie Jaya, Bener Meriah, Gayo Lues, Aceh Jaya, Simeulue and Aceh Singkil. The method used is a qualitative research method, where only judging, see the feasibility of development management of athletic club management. The result of the research and discussion shows that the management process of an athletic club in Aceh is still minimal, this is because the management, recruitment process, and financing are still classified as less, still in the stage of revamping towards the more advanced.
Plato Laws 1 and 2. Translated with and Introduction and Commentary. By Susan Sauvé Meyer (2015, 2017).
Authors: Preus Anthony
Published: July 2019

https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-4105_18_10
Μονάς and ψυχή in the Phaedo
Authors: Stone Sophia
Published: July 2019

The paper analyzes the final proof with Greek mathematics and the possibility of intermediates in the Phaedo. The final proof in Plato’s Phaedo depends on a claim at 105c6, that μονάς, ‘unit’, generates περιττός ‘odd’ in number. So, ψυχή ‘soul’ generates ζωή ‘life’ in a body, at 105c10-11. Yet commentators disagree how to understand these mathematical terms and their relation to the soul in Plato’s arguments. The Greek mathematicians understood odd numbers in one of two ways: either that which is not divisible into two equal parts, or that which differs from an even number by a unit. (Euclid VII.7) Plato uses the second way in the final proof. This paper argues that a proper understanding of these mathematical terms within Greek mathematics shows that the argument for the final proof is better than previously thought. Such an interpretation of the final proof lends credence to Platonic intermediates.
La ambivalencia de los vínculos en el consumo: un análisis sociológico del caso Harley-Davidson
Authors: Barbeta Viñas Marc
Published: July 2019

El artículo propone un análisis del sentido de las relaciones desarrolladas en el consumo de Harley-Davidson. Se discute, a partir de evidencias empíricas, las tesis acerca de los vínculos en el consumo de marcas como nuevas formas de vínculo social. Se presentan los resultados de una investigación cualitativa realizada con grupos de discusión y entrevistas abiertas. Los resultados revelan que las relaciones en el consumo de Harley mantienen una estructura significativa relacionada con aspectos culturales, identitarios y emocionales, y  mediados por las posiciones sociales de los consumidores. Asimismo, profundizan en los procesos de fragmentación y particularismo de la vida social, en el espacio del consumo.
El Titular. Tratado sobre las técnicas, modalidades y otros artificios propios de la titulación periodística
Authors: Ufarte-Ruiz María-José
Published: July 2019

Antonio López Hidalgo publica una nueva edición de El titular, obra que estudia el uso de los titulares en cada uno de los géneros periodísticos contemporáneos y su adaptación a la prensa, televisión, radio y cibermedios. En este tratado también se exponen las diferentes tipologías de titulares; los problemas que condicionan su uso; los elementos que lo integran y la función que cumple cada uno de ellos. El trabajo brinda a periodistas y estudiantes una herramienta útil que resuelve con eficacia los problemas que presenta el viejo oficio de titular textos periodísticos.
La desilusión monárquica del Partido Progresista: trono y democracia en el discurso radical del Sexenio (1868-1873)
Authors: Higueras Castañeda Eduardo
Published: July 2019

El breve periodo que comprende la monarquía democrática de Amadeo I en España sigue planteando importantes interrogantes a los historiadores. Aunque el papel moderador del monarca italiano y su empeño en ajustarse a una sincera práctica constitucional ha merecido la atención de diversas investigaciones, no se han planteado cuáles eran las expectativas de las agrupaciones dinásticas que se disputaron el poder durante su reinado y si esa práctica constitucional se ajustaba a los parámetros que unas y otras defendían. Por ello, este artículo persigue analizar el proyecto monárquico del Partido Progresista-Democrático o Radical, así como explicar los motivos del desencanto de la militancia radical respecto a la monarquía. Un proceso que fue paralelo a la decantación republicana de esta agrupación.
Imágenes de poder en el espacio colonial: la legitimación de la autoridad jalifiana en el Marruecos español (1912-1925)
Authors: González González Irene
Published: July 2019

El establecimiento del Protectorado franco-español en Marruecos y de una zona internacionalen la ciudad de Tánger introdujo una serie de cambios que afectaron al sistemade poder y a la estructura de autoridad en el Imperio Jerifiano. La división delterritorio en tres zonas administrativas diferenciadas redujo el poder directo del sultánsobre el conjunto de Marruecos. Como consecuencia del régimen de “subarriendo”por el que Francia cedió a España algunas zonas del territorio marroquí, el sultán, queresidía en el Marruecos francés, delegó su poder y autoridad en la zona norte en unrepresentante designado por él a propuesta de las autoridades coloniales. Las atribucionespolíticas y religiosas de las que disfrutaba el jalifa en el Marruecos español leproporcionaban una legitimidad derivada del sultán que trató de ser utilizada por lasautoridades españolas. En las siguientes páginas se realizará una aproximación al sistemade intervención y de control creado por las autoridades coloniales españolas sobre el jalifa atendiendo para ello a tres cuestiones: el modo con el que se articuló el proceso de legitimación del jalifa; el simbolismo utilizado por el colonizador español en el acatamiento de su autoridad política y religiosa y el sistema de control sobre la población implementado por las autoridades españolas a través de la figura del jalifa complementado con políticas como la militar, la educativa o la religiosa.
Movimiento obrero y cuestión nacional y lingüística. El caso de los comunistas en las Islas Baleares (1921-1978)
Authors: Ginard Feron David
Published: July 2019

Este artículo tiene por objeto analizar la posición adoptada por los comunistas baleares respecto al debate nacionalitario y lingüístico desde sus orígenes hasta los inicios de la transición posfranquista. En este sentido, se subraya la trascendencia de la evolución experimentada en la fase final de la dictadura de Franco, momento en que la identificación del régimen con el centralismo español propició un acercamiento de las formaciones de izquierda a los planteamientos de los nacionalismos periféricos.
Luis Jiménez de Asúa y la gestación de la política de No Intervención en la Guerra Civil Española.
Authors: Martínez Cánovas Gonzalo José
Published: July 2019

El 27 de julio de 1936 Luis Jiménez de Asúa llegó precipitadamente a París. Allí le esperaba Fernando de los Ríos. Tras el golpe militar del día 18, ambos dirigentes socialistas debían encabezar las gestiones diplomáticas conducentes a conseguir el auxilio de las democracias europeas en forma de venta de material bélico y suministros. Para entonces había comenzado la defección escalonada y calculada del cuerpo diplomático español parisino. Con epicentro en el Quai d’Orsay, la sucesión de acontecimientos en las semanas siguientes adelantaron dos circunstancias sustanciales del conflicto: la trascendencia desde primera hora del vector internacional y el abandono que sufrió la República por parte de las democracias occidentales. Este artículo ensaya la vía interpretativa de un actor –y testigo– de primer orden en la gestación del sistema de No Intervención. Su testimonio constituye una introducción privilegiada en la reconstrucción de este capítulo tan relevante de la Guerra Civil Española.
Los refugiados de la guerra civil como sujeto colectivo en las comarcas de Castellón de la Plana
Authors: Fornas Pallarés Alfredo
Published: July 2019

Durante la Guerra Civil Española (1936-1938), grandes masas de población abandonaron su hogar con el objetivo de evitar acciones represivas de carácter político. Gran parte de los refugiados fueron redistribuidos entre las diferentes localidades de la retaguardia republicana. El artículo se centra en las más de 20.000 personas que fueron reubicadas a lo largo y ancho de la provincia de Castellón de la Plana. ¿Cuales fueron las principales zonas de procedencia? ¿Qué medios de transporte usaron? ¿Cómo se repartieron entre las diferentes localidades? ¿Qué instituciones se hicieron cargo de su gestión? ¿En qué condiciones fueron acogidos? ¿Hubo buena convivencia entre los anfitriones y los recién llegados? ¿Quién se ocupó de los niños? ¿En qué circunstancias se realizó la posterior evacuación de los municipios de Castellón? En definitiva, analizaremos todo aquello referente a este sujeto colectivo, que fueron los refugiados, en el contexto territorial de Castellón.
Новые данные по систематике и фауне Dolichopus subpennatus D'Assis Fonseca, 1976 и Dolichopus pennatus Meigen, 1824 (Dolichopodidae, Diptera)
Authors: Selivanova O.V. , Negrobov O.P. , Maslova O.O.
Published: July 2019

Приводится дифференциальный диагноз между Dolichopus subpennatus и Dolichopus pennatus.  Морфология гипопигия Dolichopus pennatus и Dolichopus subpennatus изучена впервые. Выделяются новые признаки по строению вентральных метаэпистерн, метанотума и морфологии гипопигия. Форма 3-го членика усиков не может быть использована для различения видов, ввиду внутривидовой изменчивости. Приводятся данные по фауне Dolichopus pennatus и Dolichopus subpennatus. Dolichopus pennatus впервые указывается Архангельской и Свердловской областей. Dolichopus subpennatus впервые указывается для Литвы, Молдавии, Украины, Ленинградской, Воронежской, Курской и Пермской областей РФ, а также для Алтая.
Дополнение к флоре сосудистых растений кластера «Арысканныг» заповедника «Убсунурская котловина» (Республика Тыва)
Authors: Samdan A.M.
Published: July 2019

В статье приводятся сведения о ранее не отмеченных видах сосудистых растений для территории Государственного природного биосферного заповедника «Убсунурская котловина» и для кластера «Арысканныг».
Кадровый состав барнаульского отделения Контроля Министерства императорского двора в 1882–1899 гг.
Authors: Афанасьев Павел Алексеевич
Published: July 2019

Анализируется кадровая политика, осуществленная в 1880-1890-е гг. Министерством императорского двора в отношении отделения Контроля в Барнауле. Основное внимание автор уделяет реконструкции персонального состава отделения. В ходе исследования были выявлены все чиновники, занимавшие штатные должности в отделении с 1882 по 1899 г. Штат 1882 г. не фиксировал точное число должностей в отделении, объясняя это принципом «необходимого состава». Реализация штата сводилась к минимизации состава отделения. С одной стороны, в 1880-е гг. в отделении оказались уже опытные лица, служившие в нем еще с 1870-х гг. С другой стороны, перечень должностей не давал возможностей служебного роста, кроме редких случаев освобождения должностей. Новые чиновники назначались в отделение крайне редко. Большинство новых назначений вряд ли учитывало служебные интересы. Автор приходит к выводу, что кадровая политика в отношении барнаульского отделения Контроля в рассматриваемый период носила непродуманный характер. За внешней стабильностью состава скрывалась штатно-кадровая неопределенность.
Башкирско-каракалпакские этнокультурные взаимосвязи и происхождение естеков Приаралья
Authors: Аюпов Тимур Маратович
Published: July 2019

Статья посвящена этническим и историко-культурным связям башкир с одним из коренных народов современного Узбекистана — каракалпаками. Общие исторические корни этих этносов уходят в евразийские горностепные просторы, где они издревле активно контактировали друг с другом. В первую очередь об этом свидетельствуют общие пласты в родоплеменной этнонимии. Параллели наблюдаются и в устном народном творчестве. В XVII-XVIII вв. каракалпаки принимали участие в восстаниях башкир, и между этими двумя народами были союзные отношения. Время от времени башкиры по собственной воле становились даже подданными каракалпакских ханов. Постепенно к югу от Аральского моря обосновалась довольно большая группа башкир. В основном они переселились сюда после многочисленных кровопролитных восстаний. В работе был использован широкий круг различных источников — этнографических, фольклорных и архивных. Потомков тех башкир, живших среди каракалпакского народа в качестве отдельного рода «естек», в 1920-х гг. посетил известный ученый А.-З. Валиди. Он также отмечал, что у каракалпаков, как и у башкир, в организации управления имелся способ деления рода на отдельные «тюбы». Каракалпаки-естеки живут и поныне в окрестностях Чимбая.
Теоретико-методологические подходы к изучению государственной волости юга Западной Сибири в конце XVIII — середине XIX в.
Authors: Киреева Оксана Сергеевна
Published: July 2019

Крестьянство Сибири всегда привлекало внимание как отечественных, так и зарубежных исследователей. Этот интерес не случаен, ведь Сибирь представляла собой земледельческую окраину Российского государства, в которой крестьянство играло важную роль в демографических, экономических, социальных, культурных отношениях. К настоящему моменту исследователи изучили многие аспекты жизнедеятельности крестьянства и Восточной, и Западной Сибири. Однако нередко изучаемая действительность сводилась к идеологическому схематизму, в результате чего человек с его потребностями выводился за его пределы. В современных условиях важным является подход, в рамках которого акцент переносился бы именно на человека с его потребностями. В этой связи актуализируется такой подход, как микроистория, направленный на изучение жизни крестьянства на микроуровне. Микроистория позволит осуществить детальный анализ событий прошлого и реконструировать жизнь государственных крестьян в границах Смоленской волости Бийского и Спасской волости Томского округов. В свою очередь теория модернизации позволит ответить на вопрос, вносила ли начавшаяся модернизация в России определенные изменения в крестьянское сообщество, насколько оно оставалось традиционным и насколько крестьяне начали вовлекаться в товарно-денежные отношения. Обозначенные теоретико-методологические подходы позволят выявить общее и особенное в жизнедеятельности государственных крестьян обозначенных волостей.
Отечественная историография сибирской одиссеи М.А. Бакунина (1857-1861 гг.): дискуссионный аспект
Authors: Должиков Вячеслав Александрович
Published: July 2019

Представлен обзор отечественной научно-биографической литературы, посвященной четырехлетнему периоду деятельности в Сибири во время общенационального кризиса конца 1850-х — начала 1860-х гг. русского оппозиционного политика и мыслителя мировой величины Михаила Бакунина. Цель исследования состоит в том, чтобы восстановить его реальное место в общественной жизни пореформенной России. Для этого необходимо критически переоценить и преодолеть мифы историографии советского времени, которые мешают последовательной реконструкции событийного фона и контекста сибирской одиссеи Бакунина. В частности, опровергается миф о том, что в этот период М.А. Бакунин якобы находился в самоизоляции, причем добровольно отказался от любой общественной деятельности. Отмечен сомнительный характер происхождения этой версии, впервые сформулированной главным политическим оппонентом Бакунина в России — М.Н. Катковым, идеологом имперского охранительного консерватизма. Парадоксальным образом легенда была унаследована большевистской официозной историографией и в публикациях советского времени за редкими исключениями продолжала воспроизводиться до конца господства коммунистического режима.

Автор предлагает, во-первых, кардинально пересмотреть закрепившуюся в литературе схему историографического освещения «сибириады» Бакунина

и, во-вторых, переадресовать авторскую принадлежность некоторых памятников агитационной публицистики 1860-1861 гг., в том числе знаменитого «Письма» в редакцию «Колокола» (1860) с призывом «к топору». На основе текстологического контент-анализа лексики этого послания из Сибири формулируется вывод о том, что его настоящим автором в то время мог быть лишь самый близкий соратник Герцена и Огарева — Михаил Бакунин.
Воспроизводство населения Барнаула и Бийска в 1913-1927 гг.
Authors: Косыгина Светлана Валерьевна
Published: July 2019

В работе впервые представлены абсолютные и относительные показатели роста численности горожан крупных сибирских городов Барнаула и Бийска. Были сделаны выводы, что в рамках периода коэффициенты рождаемости в Барнауле были сверхвысокими, кроме 1916 г. и 1922 г. В Бийске показатели рождаемости были еще выше. Коэффициенты смертности также были очень высокими, в 1917 г. и 1920 г. сравнимыми с коэффициентами рождаемости, а в 1915 г. в Барнауле, в 1921 г. и 1922 г. в обоих городах эти коэффициенты были выше коэффициентов рождаемости, что вызвало отрицательный естественный прирост. Аномальные колебания коэффициентов на протяжении периода свидетельствовали о демографической катастрофе. Показатели брачности в 1913-1920 гг. были стабильно средними, с 1921-1927 гг. интенсивность брачности резко выросла, средний показатель был выше 15%о. С 1923 г. тенденцией динамики населения стало снижение смертности как следствие высокой брачности, последовательное увеличение прироста населения.

Хронологические рамки исследования охватывают 1913-1927 гг. Выбор нижней границы объясняется возможностью сравнить довоенные «стабильные» коэффициенты с «нестабильными» послевоенными. Верхняя граница — 1927 г. — определяется резким увеличением коэффициента прироста населения в Барнауле. Цель исследования заключается в характеристике изменения режима воспроизводства населения в городах в указанный период. Выдвинуты задачи: на основе данных метрических книг и архивных документов определить изменение численности и режима воспроизводства горожан, выявить отличия в динамике населения Барнаула и Бийска.
«Неизвестная» статья А.И. Герцена о русской хронологии
Authors: Цыб Сергей Васильевич , Кайгородова Татьяна Владимировна
Published: July 2019

В статье предпринимается попытка установить авторство заметки «Семисотлетие Москвы», напечатанной в газете «Московские ведомости» в апреле 1846 г. В то время в газетах и журналах Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга издавались материалы, связанные с научно-хронологической дискуссией о дате основания Москвы. Статья, опубликованная в 1846 г., была подписана псевдонимом «А.», и ее авторство до сих пор считалось неустановленным. Известный советский библиограф И.Ф. Масанов смог раскрыть значение зашифрованной авторской подписи. Под таким псевдонимом в этой газете в 40-е гг. XIX в. издавал свои сочинения известный общественный деятель революционного направления А.И. Герцен, вернувшийся из ссылки в Москву, но еще находившийся под полицейским надзором. Его авторство подтверждает и давнее знакомство А.И. Герцена с профессором Московского университета астрономом Д.М. Перевощиковым, который увлекался изучением проблем исторической хронологии. Отметив неглубокий научный уровень статьи из «Московских ведомостей», мы можем указать еще и случаи ошибочного пересчета А.И. Герценом дат юлианского календаря на григорианский, что становится дополнительным аргументом для авторской идентификации заметки 1846 г.
Variancia intrapoblacional para caracteres de la madurez sexual en gallinas del cruzamiento Campero Casilda
Authors: ROMERA Bernardo M. , CANET Zulma E. , LEDESMA Marcos , LIBRERA José E. , ADVÍNCULO Sabrina A. , MARTINES Araceli , DOTTAVIO Ana M. , DI MASSO Ricardo J.
Published: July 2019

El análisis de componentes principales es una técnica estadística multivariada de síntesis de la información o reducción del número de variables, con la potencialidad de exponer relaciones entre caracteres no evidentes por sí mismas, contribuyendo así a una interpretación más eficiente de la información contenida en un conjunto de datos. Su aplicación a seis caracteres vinculados con la madurez sexual (edad y peso corporal a la puesta del primer huevo, peso del primero y de los 10 primeros huevos, número de días para poner los 10 primeros huevos y coeficiente de variación del peso de los mismos) posibilitó caracterizar la estructura de variabilidad intrapoblacional en gallinas del cruzamiento experimental de tres vías Campero Casilda. Las dos primeras componentes -PC1 y PC2- explicaron el 56% de la variancia fenotípica total. La consideración conjunta de ambas permitió identificar a un grupo de aves caracterizadas por iniciar su postura con mayor edad y mayor peso corporal, con un comienzo de la etapa productiva más regular, con huevos uniformes de mayor peso, una conjunción de caracteres deseable para el inicio del ciclo. La trascendencia de esta identificación radica en la utilidad reconocida del análisis de componentes principales como estrategia para generar índices biológicos de selección.
Almacenamiento de carbono y caracterización lignocelulósica de plantaciones comerciales de Tectona grandis L.f. en México
Authors: Ruiz Blandon Bayron Alexander , Hernández Álvarez Efrén , Salcedo Pérez Eduardo , Rodríguez Macías Ramón , Gallegos Rodríguez Agustín , Valdés Velarde Eduardo , Sánchez Hernández Rufo
Published: July 2019

La teca es una planta exótica introducida en México por el valor de su madera. El objetivo del estudio fue calcular el carbono almacenado en la biomasa vegetal y suelo para luego determinar la composición lignocelulósica de la madera en plantaciones de teca a los seis años en el estado de Nayarit, México. En tres plantaciones se colectó información dendrométrica y biomasa de 75 árboles, también de mantillo y suelo para determinar sus propiedades. Las diferencias fueron significativas (p≤0.0001) al comparar la plantación de mayor y menor crecimiento en DAP (54 %), altura (51.3 %) y área basal (78.7 %) siendo los suelos de mejor pH (6.2); así como el rendimiento en biomasa aérea (59.4 %), carbono en la teca (60.2 %), mantillo (30.3 %) y suelo (41.9 %) por superficie, sin diferencias en los contenidos lignocelulares. Se recomienda estudiar las raíces y nutrientes del suelo pues condicionan la eficiencia de la teca en torno al cambio climático.
PROFIL SURJA HUBUNG KARENA PROSES ENERGIZED (PEMBERIAN TENAGA) PADA SALURAN TRANSMISI 500 KV
Authors: Yuniarto Yuniarto
Published: July 2019

Yuniarto, in this paper explain that transient over voltage that happened because switching surge have tobe paid attention to don't cause the damage equipments of insulation coordination system. This research aim toperceive the transient over voltage at the end of 500 kv transmission line caused energized process by using EMTP(Electromagnetic Transients Program) as toll to simulate the energized process. Data for this research was takenfrom 500 kv transmission line Ungaran-Pedan. From this research was expected can become a reference for powercompany in planning insulation coordination at transmission line.Result of research show that transient over voltage at the end of 500 kv transmission line caused energizedprocess reach more or less twice its nominal voltageKey word : energized, karateristik, transient over voltage, EMTP
PENGARUH CACAT LAS PADA SAMBUNGAN PIPA BAWAH LAUT (GIRTH WELD) DENGAN MENGAPLIKASIKAN FAILURE ANALYSIS DIAGRAM (FAD)
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi
Published: July 2019

Suyadi, An under sea pipe connection (girth weld) is an area that possibly will get defect. This weld defects have a potential for causing tension concentration, so that there will be preliminary crack. This crack will spread due to cyclic loads received by the structure. This final assignment research is performed for evaluating mechanical integrity and girth weld having weld defect using method of Failure Analysis Diagram (FAD) and it takes a sample of case for South Sumatra West Java pipe belongs to PGN Co.Ltd. FAD is a method, which is good enough for evaluating the integrity of pipe structure having crack like flaw upon the weld. FAD divides two areas, namely safe area and unsafe area constructed by two axis, namely x axis that is stress ratio (Lr) and y axis that is stress intensity ratio (Kr). Stress ratio (Lr) is a ratio between a ref and a yield, mean while stress intensity ratio (Kr) is a ratio (stress intensity factor) between Kl and KIC (fracture toughness material). ANSYS 8.0 software is used for modeling by considering that the defect is in the form of semi elliptic with a/2c variation, that is 0,0469; 0,0938; 0,01406; and 0,1750. The loading upon the pipe is considered as the minimum loading (pull = 8284.25 psi), medium (pull = 41421.25 psi) and maximum (pull = 82842.5 psi). From the analysis result, it is obtained that crack dimension with a/2c 0.175 is not safe upon minimum and medium loading, mean while upon the maximum loading condition, all modeled cracks dimensions cause the pipe is not safe. Keywords : pipeline, girth weld, semi elliptical defect, FAD.
PENGARUH SUHU BAHAN BAKAR TERHADAP KEPERLUAN BAHAN BAKAR PADA MOTOR DIESEL SATU SILINDER 20 HP DENGAN ELEKTROLISER
Authors: Sutomo Sutomo , Murni Murni , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: July 2019

Sutomo, Murni, Rahmat, An internal combustion process of fuel will works effectively if the fuel’s density and viscosity is lower so we would like to use a heater in order to decrease the density and viscosity of the fuel. Based on this condition, we would like to use an electrolizer and a diesel engine to improve the fuel consumption. Electrolizer will increases the gas reaction so we hope that fuel consumption rate will decrease. The result of this research is the effective temperature of fuel is 50oC – 60oC will produce the effective combustion. The fuel consumption decreased in 6 kW is 0.12 lt/kWH. Key word: diesel engine, electrolizer, temperature
AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL
Authors: Ariwibowo Didik
Published: July 2019

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC