bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual plausibility and the rationality of theistic belief
Authors: Silvestre Ricardo Sousa
Published: May 2023

In this article, I present a defence of conceptual plausibility, understood as an epistemic way to qualify concepts that situates them between the merely possible and the actual. To show that there is such a thing as conceptual plausibility, I rely on what seems to lie at the heart of many uses of the phrase ‘plausible concept’: explanatory fruitfulness. To make an effective case for the claim that conceptual plausibility is of philosophical interest, I present an argument based on the debate over the rationality of theistic belief and the concept of God. To show that conceptual plausibility is philosophically feasible, I first show that it cannot be reduced to propositional plausibility. Next, I offer a minimally precise characterization of conceptual plausibility; I approach this from a qualitative and comparative perspective as well. Finally, I show how these qualitative and comparative criteria of conceptual plausibility might be applied to the debate over the rationality of theistic belief and the concept of God.
Why care? How filial responsibility norms and relationship quality matter for subsequent provision of care to ageing parents
Authors: Vangen Hanna , Herlofson Katharina
Published: May 2023

How to meet the demands of long-term care is a pressing issue in ageing societies. In most countries, care systems depend on the capability and willingness of family members to fill the gap between existing needs and formal service provision. Understanding the motivations of adult children to engage in parent care is, therefore, of central importance. The existing research literature offers different explanations, and here we concentrate on two key perspectives: normative and affectual commitments. Based on longitudinal data from two waves of the Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (2007 and 2017), we investigate to what extent adult children's previous attitudes towards filial responsibility norms and their perceived quality of the relationship to parents (in 2007) are associated with subsequent care-giving to ageing mothers and fathers (in 2017). The analyses show no evidence of a correlation between support of general filial responsibility norms and provision of help and care 10 years later. Perceived quality of the relationship, on the other hand, is associated with subsequent help and care-giving. The patterns are similar for daughters and sons. We conclude that within the context of a comprehensive welfare state, like the Norwegian, care-giving seems to be more of an individual choice than a societal prescription.
Evidence for the external validity of the Consumer Choice Index Six Dimension (CCI-6D) for people living in residential aged care with dementia
Authors: Milte Rachel Kathleen , Jadczak Agathe Daria , Visvanathan Renuka , Ratcliffe Julie
Published: May 2023

The large proportion of people living in residential aged care services with dementia necessitates that any instrument used to measure quality of care is meaningful and practical to be completed by this group. This study assessed the external validity of using the Consumer Choice Index Six Dimension (CCI-6D) instrument to assess quality of care in a large sample of people living in residential aged care, including those with dementia. We applied the CCI-6D with 446 residents along with a range of measures of clinical and functional status and a measure of dementia-specific quality of life, the Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease (QOL-AD). Resident's cognitive abilities ranged from no evidence of cognitive impairment through to severe dementia. A high proportion of participants reported they felt very at home in their own room (82%, N = 367), while a lower proportion reported they could undertake meaningful activities that made them feel valued often (37%, N = 163). We identified moderate correlations between quality of care and quality of life, as measured through the QOL-AD utility score. Those with moderate dementia were significantly more likely to report poorer quality of care than those with no or mild dementia. This study provides further evidence for the use of the CCI-6D instrument to assess quality of care from the perspective of the individual receiving care even among those with living with dementia. Residents living with moderate dementia reported lower quality of care than those living with mild or without dementia, indicating the risks of poor care quality among this group.
BEFORE BRAIN DRAIN: ITALIAN ECONOMISTS ON THE CALCULUS OF THE VALUE OF MEN
Authors: Sunna Claudia , Ricciardo Traci M.
Published: May 2023

This study deals with the debate that took place among Italian economists and statisticians at the turn of the twentieth century on the economic effects of mass emigration. In particular, it is focused on a controversy between Vilfredo Pareto and Alberto Beneduce on the one side, and Francesco Coletti on the other. It analyzes the way these scholars struggled with: (i) the problem of properly elaborating a specific cost-benefit analysis regarding emigration; and (ii), as a consequence, the problem of recognizing a clear set of economic policies designed to manage the complex economic and social processes connected to emigration. The paper demonstrates the enduring character of the problems encountered in the early Italian debates by showing that these questions are similar to those debated in the vast literature developed from the 1950s on the subject of brain drain, and suggests an explanation for the lack of conclusive results in this literature. We think that it is possible to understand this impasse by highlighting that in the analyzed literature, a problem of “fallacy of composition” emerges between the microeconomics and macroeconomics of emigration.
Clara Schumann: Changing Identities and Legacies
Authors: Davies Joe , Grimes Nicole
Published: May 2023

In the course of the last two hundred years, different facets of Clara Schumann's artistic, creative and performative persona have been highlighted and different narratives have been produced. As the articles to follow demonstrate, these facets include Clara Schumann as a performer, an improviser, a virtuoso, a priestess, a prophetess, a celebrity, a composer and a curator of flowers and photographs. The Introduction and four research articles in this issue devoted to Schumann suggest in multifaceted ways that her creative identities and legacies are open to new ways of being contextualized in both historical and contemporary contexts. This journal issue initiates important conversations and provides some constructive starting points for considering the nature of Clara Schumann's identities and their legacies, and for pondering how Clara Schumann can help us to think afresh about identity and legacy as concepts.

Grappling with a range of sources in both German and English, this Introduction to the issue embraces the fluid intersections in Clara Schumann's creative world between the visual and the tactile, the sonic and the corporeal. It explores the changing images of Schumann from her lifetime to the present day and reconsiders her creativity from our current perspective.
Effects of a Neutral Response Option on Occupational Interest Circumplex Fit
Authors: Rasheed Sabah , Robie Chet , Fisher Peter A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the structural validity of Holland’s circular/hexagonal model in two versions of a commonly used Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional (RIASEC) occupational interest measure – one that used items with a neutral response option ( unsure) and one that used items without a neutral response option. Method: These comparisons were made using a sample of 1,025 undergraduate university business majors. A two-group Cosine Function Model (CFM) implemented in standard structural equation modeling software was used to investigate the circumplex fit across the two versions of the assessment. Results: CFM analyses suggested a high level of equivalence across versions such that (1) the correlation matrix of each group shows a good fit to the RIASEC circumplex, and (2) the two correlation matrices are essentially identical. Conclusion: The neutral response option (or lack thereof) did not seem to affect model fit. The generalizability of these results should be explored in future studies.
Cityscapes Create Cloud Cover, Satellite Images Reveal
Authors: Welle Elissa
Published: May 2023

The skies over U.S. cities are cloudier than their surrounding areas.
Significance of Short‐Wavelength Magnetic Anomaly Low Along the East Pacific Rise Axis, 9°50′N
Authors: Berrios‐Rivera Natalia , Gee Jeffrey S. , Parnell‐Turner Ross , Maher Sarah , Wu Jyun‐Nai , Fornari Daniel , Tivey Maurice , Marjanović Milena , Barreyre Thibaut , McDermott Jill
Published: May 2023

Magnetic anomaly variations near mid‐ocean ridge spreading centers are sensitive to a variety of crustal accretionary processes as well as geomagnetic field variations when the crust forms. We collected near‐bottom vector magnetic anomaly data during a series of 21 autonomous underwater vehicle Sentry dives near 9°50′N on the East Pacific Rise (EPR) covering ∼26 km along‐axis. These data document the 2–3 km wide axial anomaly high that is commonly observed at fast‐spreading ridges but also reveal the presence of a superimposed ∼800 m full wavelength anomaly low. The anomaly low is continuous for ≥13 km along axis and may extend over the entire survey region. A more detailed survey of hydrothermal vents near 9°50.3′N reveals ∼100 m diameter magnetic lows, which are misaligned relative to active vents and therefore cannot explain the continuous axial low. The axial magnetization low persists in magnetic inversions with variable extrusive source thickness, indicating that to the extent to which layer 2A constitutes the sole magnetic source, variations in its thickness alone cannot account for the axial low. Lava accumulation models illustrate that high geomagnetic intensity over the past ∼2.5 kyr, and decreasing intensity over the past ∼900 years, are both consistent with the broad axial anomaly high and the superimposed shorter wavelength low. The continuity of this axial low, and similar features elsewhere on the EPR suggests, that either crustal accretionary processes responsible for this anomaly are common among fast‐spread ridges, or that the observed magnetization low may partially reflect global geomagnetic intensity fluctuations.
Comparative impact of streptozotocin on altering normal glucose homeostasis in diabetic rats compared to normoglycemic rats
Authors: Rehman Habib ur , Ullah Kaleem , Rasool Aamir , Manzoor Robina , Yuan Yu , Tareen Abdul Malik , Kaleem Imdad , Riaz Naveeda , Hameed Sahir , Bashir Shahid
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome and an endocrine disorder, primarily considered as a loss of glucose homeostasis because of the insulin action and/or secretion or both. Currently there are more than 150 million people in the world affected by diabetes mellitus with a higher share of Asian and European countries. The current study aimed to investigate the comparative altering properties of streptozotocin (STZ), based on up-turn and down-turn configuration of biochemical, toxicological and hematological parameters in comparison with normoglycemic male albino rats. This comparative study was conducted among normoglycemic and STZ based induced-type 2 diabetic male albino rats groups. The male albino rats were intra-peritoneally injected with STZ with the dose rate of 65 mg/kg body weight for one time to developed type 2 diabetic model. Biochemical (blood glucose, uric acid, urea and creatinine), toxicological (AST, ALT and ALP) and hematological parameters (red and white blood cells) and their functional indices were evaluated in type 2 diabetic induced group along with normoglycemic rats. The STZ based induced- type 2 diabetic rats showed statistically significance (p < 0.001) higher level in the blood glucose, alongwith the change in the levels of biochemical parameters including urea, uric acid, and creatinine. Toxicological parameters comprising AST, ALT and ALP were also shown significance (p < 0.001) as sufficient after experimental evaluation of biologically important parameter in STZ based induced-type 2 diabetic rats. Likewise, the red blood cells, white blood cells and their efficient components were exposed significantly insufficient after the injecting of STZ to induce the rats as type 2 diabetic. The results of the current study indicates the comparatively higher levels of variation among biochemical, toxicological and hematological parameters in STZ based Induced-type 2 diabetic model as compared to normoglycemic group.
Discovery of interconnected causal drivers of COVID-19 vaccination intentions in the US using a causal Bayesian network
Authors: Fung Henry , Sgaier Sema K. , Huang Vincent S.
Published: May 2023

Holistic interventions to overcome COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy require a system-level understanding of the interconnected causes and mechanisms that give rise to it. However, conventional correlative analyses do not easily provide such nuanced insights. We used an unsupervised, hypothesis-free causal discovery algorithm to learn the interconnected causal pathways to vaccine intention as a causal Bayesian network (BN), using data from a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey in the US in early 2021. We identified social responsibility, vaccine safety and anticipated regret as prime candidates for interventions and revealed a complex network of variables that mediate their influences. Social responsibility’s causal effect greatly exceeded that of other variables. The BN revealed that the causal impact of political affiliations was weak compared with more direct causal factors. This approach provides clearer targets for intervention than regression, suggesting it can be an effective way to explore multiple causal pathways of complex behavioural problems to inform interventions.
Design of a water-soluble chitosan-based polymer with antioxidant and chelating properties for labile iron extraction
Authors: Grange Coralie , Aigle Axel , Ehrlich Victor , Salazar Ariza Juan Felipe , Brichart Thomas , Da Cruz-Boisson Fernande , David Laurent , Lux François , Tillement Olivier
Published: May 2023

Loosely bound iron, due to its contribution to oxidative stress and inflammation, has become an important therapeutic target for many diseases. A water-soluble chitosan-based polymer exhibiting both antioxidant and chelating properties due to the dual functionalization with DOTAGA and DFO has been developed to extract this iron therefore preventing its catalytic production of reactive oxygen species. This functionalized chitosan was shown to have stronger antioxidant properties compared to conventional chitosan, improved iron chelating properties compared to the clinical therapy, deferiprone, and provided promising results for its application and improved metal extraction within a conventional 4 h hemodialysis session with bovine plasma.
Seasonal variation in δ13C of Pinus. yunnanensis and Pinus. armandii at different stand ages
Authors: Liu Yuanxi , Wu Junwen , Wu Danzi , Li Shiming , Wang Lina
Published: May 2023

Seasonal drought is common in Yunnan province, and water is the dominant factor limiting the growth of Pinus. yunnanensis and Pinus. armandii. The water use efficiency (WUE) of the two species is poorly understood. Needles were collected in a plantation (P. yunnanensis and P. armandii mixed forest) in four seasons, and the needle δ13C values were measured. The selected species had larger δ13C values and exhibited higher WUE than typical subtropical species. P. armandii needles showed a more conservative water use strategy (high WUE) than P. yunnanensis. There were significant differences in the δ13C values of P. armandii between the two ages, whereas no difference was observed in the δ13C values of P. yunnanensis. The lowest δ13C value in the young P. armandii forest was observed in spring, whereas the δ13C value of middle-aged forests did not differ between the seasons. The δ13C value of young P. yunnanensis forests showed no difference in the four seasons, and the maximum value was observed in summer in middle-aged forests. In general, the δ13C value of P. armandii was lowest in spring, whereas that of P. yunnanensis was higher in spring and winter. The needle δ13C values were lower in spring and winter, indicating that the season had different effects on the δ13C values of different tree species. Correlation analysis between the needle δ13C values and meteorological data indicated that temperature and precipitation were the dominant factors affecting WUE in P. yunnanensis and P. armandii. The effect of temperature on WUE was greater in P. yunnanensis middle-aged forests. The identification and selection of subtropical tree species with high WUE are critical to maintaining high levels of forest benefits under limited water conditions.
Effect of municipal biowaste derived biostimulant on nitrogen fate in the plant-soil system during lettuce cultivation
Authors: Fragalà Ferdinando , Puglisi Ivana , Padoan Elio , Montoneri Enzo , Stevanato Piergiorgio , Gomez Josè Maria , Herrero Natalia , La Bella Emanuele , Salvagno Erika , Baglieri Andrea
Published: May 2023

A main concern of agriculture is to improve plant nutrient efficiency to enhance crop yield and quality, and at the same time to decrease the environmental impact caused by the lixiviation of excess N fertilizer application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of biopolymers (BPs), obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of the solid anaerobic digestate of municipal biowastes, in order to face up these main concerns of agriculture. The experimental trials involved the application of BPs (at 50 and 150 kg/ha) alone or mixed with different amounts (100%, 60% and 0%) of mineral fertilizer (MF). Three different controls were routinely included in the experimental trials (MF 100%, 60% and 0%). The effect of BPs on lettuce was evaluated by monitoring growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of shoot and root, nitrogen use efficiency), and the N-flux in plant-soil system, taking into account the nitrate leached due to over irrigation events. The activities of enzymes involved in the nitrogen uptake (nitrate reductase, glutamate synthase and glutamine synthase), and the nitrogen form accumulated in the plant tissues (total N, protein and NO3−) were evaluated. The results show that the application to the soil of 150 kg/ha BPs allows to increase lettuce growth and nitrogen use efficiency, trough stimulation of N-metabolism and accumulation of proteins, and hence to reduce the use of MF by 40%, thus decreasing the nitrate leaching. These findings suggest that the use of BPs as biostimulant greatly contributes to reduce the consumption of mineral fertilizers, and to mitigate the environmental impact caused by nutrients leaching, according to European common agricultural policy, that encourages R&D of new bioproducts for sustainable eco-friendly agriculture.
Direct detection and identification of periprosthetic joint infection pathogens by metagenomic next-generation sequencing
Authors: Hao Linjie , Wen Pengfei , Song Wei , Zhang Binfei , Wu Yanjie , Zhang Yumin , Ma Tao , Qiu Yusheng
Published: May 2023

This study assessed the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pathogen detection of periprosthetic joint infections. A total of 95 cases who previously had undergone hip and knee replacement undergoing revision from January 2018 to January 2021 were included in this study. Specimens of synovial fluid and deep-tissue were collected for culture and metagenomic next-generation sequencing, and patients were retrospectively categorized as infected or aseptic using the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria after revision surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were compared. A total of 36 cases had positive culture results and 59 cases had positive metagenomic next-generation sequencing results. Culture was positive in 34 infected cases (58.6%) and 2 aseptic cases (5.4%). Metagenomic next-generation sequencing was positive in 55 infected cases (94.8%) and 4 aseptic cases (10.8%). Five cases diagnosed with infection had other potential pathogens detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Among the 24 culture-negative periprosthetic joint infections, metagenomic next-generation sequencing was able to identify potential pathogens in 21 cases (87.5%). From sampling to reporting, the average time needed for culture was 5.2 (95% CI 3.1–7.3) days, while that for metagenomic next-generation sequencing was 1.3 (95% CI 0.9–1.7) days. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing is more advantageous in pathogen detection of periprosthetic joint infection after total joint replacement, especially in patients with multiple infections or negative culture results.
The contribution of industrial emissions to ozone pollution: identified using ozone formation path tracing approach
Authors: Zhan Junlei , Ma Wei , Song Boying , Wang Zongcheng , Bao Xiaolei , Xie Hong-Bin , Chu Biwu , He Hong , Jiang Tao , Liu Yongchun
Published: May 2023

Wintertime meteorological conditions are usually unfavorable for ozone (O3) formation due to weak solar irradiation and low temperature. Here, we observed a prominent wintertime O3 pollution event in Shijiazhuang (SJZ) during the Chinese New Year (CNY) in 2021. Meteorological results found that the sudden change in the air pressure field, leading to the wind changing from northwest before CNY to southwest during CNY, promotes the accumulation of air pollutants from southwest neighbor areas of SJZ and greatly inhibits the diffusion and dilution of local pollutants. The photochemical regime of O3 formation is limited by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), suggesting that VOCs play an important role in O3 formation. With the developed O3 formation path tracing (OFPT) approach for O3 source apportionment, it has been found that highly reactive species, such as ethene, propene, toluene, and xylene, are key contributors to O3 production, resulting in the mean O3 production rate (PO3) during CNY being 3.7 times higher than that before and after CNY. Industrial combustion has been identified as the largest source of the PO3 (2.6 ± 2.2 ppbv h−1), with the biggest increment (4.8 times) during CNY compared to the periods before and after CNY. Strict control measures in the industry should be implemented for O3 pollution control in SJZ. Our results also demonstrate that the OFPT approach, which accounts for the dynamic variations of atmospheric composition and meteorological conditions, is effective for O3 source apportionment and can also well capture the O3 production capacity of different sources compared with the maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) method.
In situ-formable, dynamic crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) carrier for localized adeno-associated virus infection and reduced off-target effects
Authors: Kato Motoi , Ishikawa Shohei , Shen Qi , Du Zening , Katashima Takuya , Naito Mitsuru , Numahata Takao , Okazaki Mutsumi , Sakai Takamasa , Kurita Masakazu
Published: May 2023

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a potent vector for in vivo gene transduction and local therapeutic applications of AAVs, such as for skin ulcers, are expected. Localization of gene expression is important for the safety and efficiency of genetic therapies. We hypothesized that gene expression could be localized by designing biomaterials using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a carrier. Here we show one of the designed PEG carriers effectively localized gene expression on the ulcer surface and reduced off-target effects in the deep skin layer and the liver, as a representative organ to assess distant off-target effects, using a mouse skin ulcer model. The dissolution dynamics resulted in localization of the AAV gene transduction. The designed PEG carrier may be useful for in vivo gene therapies using AAVs, especially for localized expression.
Singlet oxygen-induced signalling depends on the metabolic status of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell
Authors: Youssef Waeil Al , Feil Regina , Saint-Sorny Maureen , Johnson Xenie , Lunn John E. , Grimm Bernhard , Brzezowski Pawel
Published: May 2023

Using a mutant screen, we identified trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase 1 (TSPP1) as a functional enzyme dephosphorylating trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) to trehalose inChlamydomonas reinhardtii. Thetspp1knock-out results in reprogramming of the cell metabolism via altered transcriptome. As a secondary effect,tspp1also shows impairment in1O2-induced chloroplast retrograde signalling. From transcriptomic analysis and metabolite profiling, we conclude that accumulation or deficiency of certain metabolites directly affect1O2-signalling.1O2-inducibleGLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE 5(GPX5) gene expression is suppressed by increased content of fumarate and 2-oxoglutarate, intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) in mitochondria and dicarboxylate metabolism in the cytosol, but also myo-inositol, involved in inositol phosphate metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signalling system. Application of another TCA cycle intermediate, aconitate, recovers1O2-signalling andGPX5expression in otherwise aconitate-deficienttspp1. Genes encoding known essential components of chloroplast-to-nucleus1O2-signalling, PSBP2, MBS, and SAK1, show decreased transcript levels intspp1, which also can be rescued by exogenous application of aconitate. We demonstrate that chloroplast retrograde signalling involving1O2depends on mitochondrial and cytosolic processes and that the metabolic status of the cell determines the response to1O2.
Copy number alteration features in pan-cancer homologous recombination deficiency prediction and biology
Authors: Yao Huizi , Li Huimin , Wang Jinyu , Wu Tao , Ning Wei , Diao Kaixuan , Wu Chenxu , Wang Guangshuai , Tao Ziyu , Zhao Xiangyu , Chen Jing , Sun Xiaoqin , Liu Xue-Song
Published: May 2023

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) renders cancer cells vulnerable to unrepaired double-strand breaks and is an important therapeutic target as exemplified by the clinical efficacy of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as well as the platinum chemotherapy drugs applied to HRD patients. However, it remains a challenge to predict HRD status precisely and economically. Copy number alteration (CNA), as a pervasive trait of human cancers, can be extracted from a variety of data sources, including whole genome sequencing (WGS), SNP array, and panel sequencing, and thus can be easily applied clinically. Here we systematically evaluate the predictive performance of various CNA features and signatures in HRD prediction and build a gradient boosting machine model (HRDCNA) for pan-cancer HRD prediction based on these CNA features. CNA features BP10MB[1] (The number of breakpoints per 10MB of DNA is 1) and SS[ > 7 & <=8] (The log10-based size of segments is greater than 7 and less than or equal to 8) are identified as the most important features in HRD prediction. HRDCNAsuggests the biallelic inactivation ofBRCA1,BRCA2,PALB2,RAD51C,RAD51D, andBARD1as the major genetic basis for human HRD, and may also be applied to effectively validate the pathogenicity of BRCA1/2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Together, this study provides a robust tool for cost-effective HRD prediction and also demonstrates the applicability of CNA features and signatures in cancer precision medicine.
The earliest Ethiopian wolf: implications for the species evolution and its future survival
Authors: Martínez-Navarro Bienvenido , Gossa Tegenu , Carotenuto Francesco , Bartolini-Lucenti Saverio , Palmqvist Paul , Asrat Asfawossen , Figueirido Borja , Rook Lorenzo , Niespolo Elizabeth M. , Renne Paul R. , Herzlinger Gadi , Hovers Erella
Published: May 2023

In 2017, a hemimandible (MW5-B208), corresponding to the Ethiopian wolf (Canis simensis), was found in a stratigraphically-controlled and radio-isotopically-dated sequence of the Melka Wakena paleoanthropological site-complex, on the Southeastern Ethiopian Highlands, ~ 2300 m above sea level. The specimen is the first and unique Pleistocene fossil of this species. Our data provide an unambiguous minimum age of 1.6–1.4 Ma for the species’ presence in Africa and constitutes the first empirical evidence that supports molecular interpretations. Currently,C. simensisis one of the most endangered carnivore species of Africa. Bioclimate niche modeling applied to the time frame indicated by the fossil suggests that the lineage of the Ethiopian wolf faced severe survival challenges in the past, with consecutive drastic geographic range contractions during warmer periods. These models help to describe future scenarios for the survival of the species. Projections ranging from most pessimistic to most optimistic future climatic scenarios indicate significant reduction of the already-deteriorating territories suitable for the Ethiopian Wolf, increasing the threat to the specie’s future survival. Additionally, the recovery of the Melka Wakena fossil underscores the importance of work outside the East African Rift System in research of early human origins and associated biodiversity on the African continent.
Can the absolute configuration of cyclic peptides be determined with vibrational circular dichroism?
Authors: Eikås Karolina Di Remigio , Krupová Monika , Kristoffersen Tone , Beerepoot Maarten T. P. , Ruud Kenneth
Published: May 2023

The absolute configuration of cyclic peptides with two chiral centers can be unambiguously assigned with VCD. This is however not possible with three or four chiral centers. Hence, other techniques are needed to supplement VCD.
Recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes for imaging pathological oxidative stress
Authors: Geng Yujie , Wang Zhuo , Zhou Jiaying , Zhu Mingguang , Liu Jiang , James Tony D.
Published: May 2023

Oxidative stress is closely related to the physiopathology of numerous diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and reactive sulfur species (RSS) are direct participants and important biomarkers of oxidative stress.
Using social influence models to characterize student interest in a general chemistry peer-led team learning setting
Authors: McAlpin Jacob D. , Kulatunga Ushiri , Lewis Jennifer E.
Published: May 2023

Motivation helps drive students to success in general chemistry, and active learning environments with social interactions has consistently shown to improve motivation. However, analyzing student outcomes in an interactive environment is best done by considering students not as isolated units but as working together and influencing each other. Therefore, we used social network analysis with self-determination theory as a framework for understanding motivation and social comparison theory as a framework for understanding how students influence each other. When analyzing an undergraduate general chemistry course that has incorporated peer-led team learning using data from the Learning Climate Questionnaire and Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, a series of progressively sophisticated statistical models with data gathered from 270 students shows that perceived competence and relatedness predict student interest in the activities with their peer-led sessions. However, we also found evidence that students tend to become polarized in their interest toward peer-led team learning activities, which is one possible outcome of social comparisons with their peers. In addition to these findings, this project demonstrates how social network analysis can expand how chemistry education researchers consider relational data and the effects of non-independent data on statistical analysis.
Development of a modularized aptamer targeting the nuclear T-cell suppressor PAC1
Authors: Hu Zixi , Jiang Zhongyu , Yang Zeliang , Liu Liang , Zhu Zhenyu , Jin Yan , Yin Yuxin
Published: May 2023

The aptamer PA5c against PAC1 was selected by SELEX and the dual-module aptamer PAC1-AS could recognize nuclear PAC1 under physiological conditions to overcome the hurdle of oligonucleotide-based cellular delivery.
Selective adsorption of trace morpholine impurities overN-ethyl morpholine by tetralactam solids
Authors: Li Shi-Yao , Yao Huan , Hu Hao , Chen Wen-Jie , Yang Liu-Pan , Wang Li-Li
Published: May 2023

The selective adsorption of morpholine (MOR) overN-ethyl morpholine (NEM) and even the adsorption of traces of MOR impurities in NEM was achieved by a tetralactam solid adsorbent.
Redox flexibility in a germanium hydride manifold: hydrogen shuttlingviaoxidative addition and reductive elimination
Authors: Caise Alexa , Hicks Jamie , Heilmann Andreas , Aldridge Simon
Published: May 2023

A mixed valence trimetallic hydride compound is shown to act as a source of Ge(ii) or Ge(iv) speciesviareductive elimination processes occurring with alternate regiochemistries.
Metal–organic frameworks for the capture of α-pinene traces
Authors: Conti Patrick P. , Batra Kamal , Iacomi Paul , Soares Carla Vieira , Dasgupta Sanchari , Steunou Nathalie , Lattuati-Derieux Agnès , Timbart Noëlle , Nicolas Mélanie , Anton Rukshala , Moularat Stéphane , Maurin Guillaume , Devautour-Vinot Sabine
Published: May 2023

MIL-125(Ti)-NH2 for the abatement of α-pinene at concentrations encountered in indoor air.
Photonic crystal cavity-mediated improved absorptive nonlinearity of C-4-hydroxy-3-methoxphenilcalix[4]resorcinarene
Authors: John Siji Alappattu , Satheesan Athulya Kadeprath , Pushpan K. Simi , Keloth Chandrasekharan
Published: May 2023

The interaction between localized photonic modes, and the electronic state of the material at the photonic cavity improves the nonlinear optical properties of the material phenomenally at low input power.
Individual and synergetic charge transport properties at the solid and electrolyte interfaces of a single ultrathin single crystal of organic semiconductors
Authors: Won Taehyun , Kumagai Shohei , Kasuya Naotaka , Yamashita Yu , Watanabe Shun , Okamoto Toshihiro , Takeya Jun
Published: May 2023

A solid/ionic gel dual-gate transistor is demonstrated using a bilayer single-crystal organic semiconductor. Hole mobilities in the bottom layer are accelerated by simultaneous charge-carrier modulation by electrolyte-gating to the top layer.
Structural origin and rational development of bright red noncanonical variants of green fluorescent protein
Authors: Chen Cheng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Jing , Ai Hui-wang , Fang Chong
Published: May 2023

We used steady-state and time-resolved electronic and vibrational spectroscopies to reveal a “green” chromophore in a “red” protein with a single amino substituent, and rationally designed aY-sfGFP mutants with significantly brighter red emission.
Correction: A double responsive fluorescent platform for sensing heavy metal ions based on a dual-emitting fluorescent covalent organic framework hydrogel film
Authors: Jia Yinghua , Wang Jinmin , Zhao Limin , Yan Bing
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘A double responsive fluorescent platform for sensing heavy metal ions based on a dual-emitting fluorescent covalent organic framework hydrogel film’ by Yinghua Jia et al., Dalton Trans., 2022, 51, 14352–14358.
A CO2-responsive method for separating hydrophilic organic molecules from aqueous solutions: solvent-assisted switchable water
Authors: Liberato Vanessa Saab , Ferreira Tatiana Felix , MacDonald Alex Redmond , Dias Ribeiro Bernardo , Zarur Coelho Maria Alice , Jessop Philip G.
Published: May 2023

1,3-Propanediol in water can be recovered by a new method that does not require distillation of the aqueous solution.
Comprehensive itaconic acid-based vitrimers via one-pot inverse vulcanization
Authors: Guo Zhongkai , Jiao Xuewei , Wei Kailun , Wu Jianqiao , Hu Jun
Published: May 2023

Dual-dynamic itaconic acid-based vitrimers were constructed from industrial and agricultural byproducts by one-pot inverse vulcanization.
Machine learning analysis to classify nanoparticles from noisy spICP-TOFMS data
Authors: Buckman Raven L. , Gundlach-Graham Alexander
Published: May 2023

A two-stage semi-supervised machine learning approach was developed as a robust method to classify cerium-rich engineered, incidental, and natural nanoparticles measured by spICP-TOFMS.
Bio-based non-isocyanate poly(hydroxy urethane)s (PHU) derived from vanillin and CO2
Authors: Fanjul-Mosteirín Noé , Fonseca Lucas Polo , Dove Andrew P. , Sardon Haritz
Published: May 2023

In this study, we demonstrate that vanillin is a valuable source of aromaticity that can be explored for poly(hydroxy urethane) production with competitive properties, avoiding the use of oil-based or hazardous precursors.
Cation-defect-induced self-reduction towards efficient mechanoluminescence in Mn2+-activated perovskites
Authors: Xiao Yao , Xiong Puxian , Zhang Shuai , Sun Yongsheng , Yan Na , Wang Zhiduo , Chen Qianyi , Shao Peishan , Brik Mikhail G. , Ye Shi , Chen Dongdan , Yang Zhongmin
Published: May 2023

A deep-red to NIR ML phosphor of MgGeO3: Mn2+is reported, and defect is believed to influence the ML properties by comparing the phosphor’s luminescent properties before and after Mn4+–Mn2+self-reduction.
A phenoxy-bridged trinuclear Ni(ii) complex: synthesis, structural elucidation and molecular docking with viral proteins
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Choudhary Mukesh
Published: May 2023

A novel phenoxy-bridged trinuclear nickel(ii) complex [Ni3(μ-L)2(bipy)3](1) (where H3L= (E)-2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)-3,5-diiodobenzohydrazonic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridyl) has been designed and synthesized as a potential antivirus drug candidate.
Formation of Prussian blue analog coronal nanomaterials and their conversion into Mn–Co-mixed selenide for enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Guo Xiaohu , Yue Ke , Zheng Jiale , Yu Zaoli , Wang Yao , Liu Yujing , Liu Tiefeng , Luo Jianmin , Tao Xinyong , Nai Jianwei
Published: May 2023

A MnCo-based oxygen evolution electrocatalyst with a unique coronal nanostructure was synthesized. The high specific area with abundant active sites and the synergy between two metal sites enhance the catalytic performance in an alkaline environment.
Correction: Preparation of UV-curable PSAs by grafting isocyanate-terminated photoreactive monomers and the effect of the functionality of grafted monomers on the debonding properties on Si wafers
Authors: Park Hee-Woong , Seo Hyun-Su , Kwon Kiok , Shin Seunghan
Published: May 2023

Correction for ‘Preparation of UV-curable PSAs by grafting isocyanate-terminated photoreactive monomers and the effect of the functionality of grafted monomers on the debonding properties on Si wafers’ by Hee-Woong Park et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 11874–11882, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA00398A.
Efficient removal of organic dyestuff in water contamination over a MOF-derived Co-based adsorbent
Authors: Yang Yuxi , Xue Yaqi , Li Jing , Xia Haihong , Zhou Minghao
Published: May 2023

An adsorption technology was developed by using a MOF-derived Co-based adsorbent for the efficient removal of organic dyestuff (RhB) solutions from water combined with a hydrothermal method and a carbonization technique.
Tetraphenylethene-capped aminobenzopyranoxanthene hydrazone probes for colorimetric recognition of Hg2+ and fluorescent sensing of HCl gas
Authors: Yang Yang , Pei Chang , Gao Chao-Ying , Liu Jinglin
Published: May 2023

Two sensing molecules, A-T1 and A-T2 with bichromophore structures, were synthesized by linking different numbers of TPE units to a xanthene platform (ABPX).
RadioAstrondiscovery of a mini-cocoon around the restarted parsec-scale jet in 3C 84
Authors: Savolainen T. , Giovannini G. , Kovalev Y. Y. , Perucho M. , Anderson J. M. , Bruni G. , Edwards P. G. , Fuentes A. , Giroletti M. , Gómez J. L. , Hada K. , Lee S.-S. , Lisakov M. M. , Lobanov A. P. , López-Miralles J. , Orienti M. , Petrov L. , Plavin A. V. , Sohn B. W. , Sokolovsky K. V. , Voitsik P. A. , Zensus J. A.
Published: May 2023

We presentRadioAstronspace-based very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the nearby radio galaxy 3C 84 (NGC 1275) at the centre of the Perseus cluster. The observations were carried out during a perigee passage of the Spektr-R spacecraft on September 21–22, 2013 and involved a global array of 24 ground radio telescopes observing at 5 GHz and 22 GHz, together with the Space Radio Telescope (SRT). Furthermore, the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and the phased Very Large Array (VLA) observed the source quasi-simultaneously at 15 GHz and 43 GHz. Fringes between the ground array and the SRT were detected on baseline lengths up to 8.1 times the Earth’s diameter, providing unprecedented resolution for 3C 84 at these wavelengths. We note that the corresponding fringe spacing is 125 μas at 5 GHz and 27 μas at 22 GHz. Our space-VLBI images reveal a previously unseen sub-structure inside the compact ∼1 pc long jet that was ejected about ten years earlier. In the 5 GHz image, we detected, for the first time, low-intensity emission from a cocoon-like structure around the restarted jet. Our results suggest that the increased power of the young jet is inflating a bubble of hot plasma as it carves its way through the ambient medium of the central region of the galaxy. Here, we estimate the minimum energy stored in the mini-cocoon, along with its pressure, volume, expansion speed, and the ratio of heavy particles to relativistic electrons, as well as the density of the ambient medium. About half of the energy delivered by the jet is dumped into the mini-cocoon and the quasi-spherical shape of the bubble suggests that this energy may be transferred to a significantly larger volume of the interstellar medium than what would be accomplished by the well-collimated jet on its own. The pressure of the hot mini-cocoon also provides a natural explanation for the almost cylindrical jet profile seen in the 22 GHzRadioAstronimage.
The multiplicity fraction in 202 open clusters fromGaia
Authors: Donada J. , Anders F. , Jordi C. , Masana E. , Gieles M. , Perren G. I. , Balaguer-Núñez L. , Castro-Ginard A. , Cantat-Gaudin T. , Casamiquela L.
Published: May 2023

In this study, we estimate the fraction of binaries with high mass ratios for 202 open clusters in the extended solar neighbourhood (closer than 1.5 kpc from the Sun). This is one of the largest homogeneous catalogues of multiplicity fractions in open clusters to date, including the unresolved and total (close-binary) multiplicity fractions of main-sequence systems with mass ratio greater than $ 0.6_{ -0.15}^{+0.05} $. The unresolved multiplicity fractions were estimated applying a flexible mixture model to the observedGaiacolour-magnitude diagrams of the open clusters. Then we used customGaiasimulations to account for the resolved systems and derived the total multiplicity fractions. The studied open clusters have ages between 6.6 Myr and 3.0 Gyr and total high-mass-ratio multiplicity fractions between 6% and 80%, with a median of 18%. The multiplicity fractions increase with the mass of the primary star, as expected. The average multiplicity fraction per cluster displays an overall decreasing trend with the open cluster age up to ages about 100 Myr, above which the trend increases. Our simulations show that most of this trend is caused by complex selection effects (introduced by the mass dependence of the multiplicity fraction and the magnitude limit of our sample). Furthermore, the multiplicity fraction is not significantly correlated with the clusters’ position in the Galaxy. The spread in multiplicity fraction decreases significantly with the number of cluster members (used as a proxy for cluster mass). We also find that the multiplicity fraction decreases with metallicity, in line with recent studies using field stars.
Comparative photometric analysis of the Reiner Gamma swirl and Chang’e 5 landing site
Authors: Hess M. , Wöhler C. , Qiao L. , Bhatt M.
Published: May 2023

Context.Lunar swirls are bright albedo features only found on the Moon that are still not entirely understood. It is commonly accepted that reduced space weathering plays a role in explaining the origins of lunar swirls because the local magnetic fields that are typically associated with these albedo anomalies are effective in reducing the solar wind influx. However, additional processes are required to fully explain the spectral, photometric, and polarimetric properties of the swirls.

Aims.In this study, we compare the photometric properties of the Chang’e-5 landing site to those of the Reiner Gamma swirl. Because the physical effects of a landing rocket jet on the lunar regolith are relatively well known, these observations can provide important insights into the physical properties of lunar swirls.

Methods.We determined the single scattering albedo, opposition effect strength, and surface roughness of the Reiner Gamma swirl and the Chang’e-5 landing site with their respective statistical uncertainties based on the Hapke model and Bayesian inference sampling.

Results.The Chang’e-5 landing site and the Reiner Gamma swirl exhibit similar photometric properties, in particular: an increased albedo and a reduced opposition effect strength. Additionally, the landing site is about 20% less rough compared to the surrounding area.

Conclusions.These findings suggest that the swirl surface is less porous compared to the surrounding surface, similarly to a landing site where the top layer of the regolith has been blown away effectively so that the compactness was increased. We conclude that external mechanisms that are able to compress the uppermost regolith layer are involved in lunar swirl formation, such as interactions with the gaseous hull of a passing comet.
Portfolio of distribution maps for Octopus vulgaris off Mauritania
Authors: Ahmed-Babou Dedah , Demarcq Hervé , Meissa Beyah , Bez Nicolas
Published: May 2023

This study introduces the concept of portfolios of distribution maps, which consist of the reduced set of empirical orthogonal maps that best explain spatial biomass distributions of a given species over time. The approach is demonstrated for the distributions of common octopus (Octupus vulgaris) off Mauritania over the last thirty years. The maps in the portfolio are the subset of empirical orthogonal maps that allowed to recover 60% of the spatiotemporal biomass distribution variance and whose temporal weights were significantly correlated with abundance. For octopus during the hot season, one single map explained half of the overall variance of the distribution data, while during the cold season, the portfolio of octopus distribution maps consisted of four maps, with the temporal weights of the second map being negatively correlated with upwelling intensity six months before. The size of each portfolio represents the number of distinct spatial patterns describing octopus spatial distributions. Assuming that specific but hidden processes explain each biomass spatial distribution of the portfolio, the size of a map portfolio might be interpreted as a proxy for system resilience. A small portfolio could reflect systems that are more fragile.
The analysis of the volume of production activity of seaports of the South of the Russian Federation and development prospects
Authors: Grass Elena Yu. , Lepekhina Yuliya A.
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the trends in the development of seaports of the south of the Russian Federation. The study uses a comparative analysis of statistical data, generalization and grouping techniques. The analysis of the dynamics and structure of cargo handling volumes for 2020-2021 in the seaports of the Azov-Black Sea basin of the Russian Federation is carried out. The analysis of the volume of production activity of seaports showed that the Azov-Black Sea basin in 2021 occupies the largest share in the structure of the volume of foreign trade and transit sea cargo of the Russian Federation. The main transformative processes taking place in the field of international maritime transport under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the concept of global sustainable development are highlighted. The main ways of improving the port infrastructure based on the principles of "sustainable development", "lean manufacturing", "continuous improvement", and integrated digitalization of business processes are identified.