bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation and Trait Correlations in an East African Cassava Breeding Population for Genomic Selection
Authors: Ozimati Alfred , Kawuki Robert , Esuma Williams , Kayondo Siraj I. , Pariyo Anthony , Wolfe Marnin , Jannink Jean-Luc
Published: January 2019

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a major source of dietary carbohydrates for >700 million people globally. However, its long breeding cycle has slowed the rate of genetic gain for target traits. This study aimed to asses genetic variation, the level of inbreeding, and trait correlations in genomic selection breeding cycles. We used phenotypic and genotypic data from the National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI) foundation population (Cycle 0, C0) and the progeny (Cycle 1, C1) derived from crosses of 100 selected C0 clones as progenitors, both to evaluate and optimize genomic selection. The highest broad‐sense heritability (H2 = 0.95) and narrow‐sense heritability (h2 = 0.81) were recorded for cassava mosaic disease severity and the lowest for root weight per plot (H2 = 0.06 and h2 = 0.00). We observed the highest genetic correlation (rg= 0.80) between cassava brown streak disease root incidence measured at seedling and clonal stages of evaluation, suggesting the usefulness of seedling data in predicting clonal performance for cassava brown streak root necrosis. Similarly, high genetic correlations were observed between cassava brown streak disease severity (rg= 0.83) scored at 3 and 6 mo after planting (MAP) and cassava mosaic disease, scored at 3 and 6 MAP (rg= 0.95), indicating that data obtained on these two diseases at 6 MAP would suffice. Population differentiation between C0 and C1 was not well defined, implying that the 100 selected progenitors of C1 captured the diversity in the C0. Overall, genetic gain for most traits were observed from C0 to C1.
Transport and Retention of Molybdenum(VI) in Soils: Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Sun Wenguang , Selim H. Magdi
Published: January 2019

Core Ideas

Mo(VI) sorption was kinetically controlled and highly nonlinear in two different soils.

Mo(VI) retention mechanism in Windsor sand was different from Webster loam.

Rate‐limited processes greatly influenced Mo(VI) transport in soils.

Mo(VI) transport was well described using a second‐order model.

Understanding the mechanisms and kinetics controlling the retention and transport of molybdenum [Mo(VI)] is a prerequisite in the effort to evaluate environmental risk of groundwater contamination. In this study, kinetic batch and miscible‐displacement experiments were performed to investigate Mo(VI) adsorption–desorption and transport behaviors on a neutral soil (Webster loam) and a slightly acidic soil (Windsor sand). Batch results indicated that adsorption of Mo(VI) was kinetically controlled and highly nonlinear in both soils. The Mo(VI) maximum adsorption and kinetic rate for acidic Windsor sand was much higher than for neutral Webster loam. Mo(VI) breakthrough curves (BTCs) were asymmetrical and exhibited extensive tailing with incomplete recovery in the effluent: these features demonstrate that rate‐limited or non‐equilibrium process influenced Mo(VI) transport behavior. To better understand the controls on the nonlinear kinetic behavior of Mo transport in these soils, a second‐order (SO) model which accounts for equilibrium, reversible, and irreversible retention mechanisms was used to describe Mo(VI) retention and transport in soils. Based on optimized and predictive modeling results, a fully reversible equilibrium‐kinetic SO model successfully described the time‐dependent Mo(VI) sorption for Webster loam. However, for Windsor sand, which exhibited strong affinity and low mobility for Mo(VI), an additional consecutive irreversible reaction phase was necessary to describe Mo(VI) retention and transport with time.
A new approach for the removal of unfixed dyes from reactive dyed cotton by Fenton oxidation
Authors: Islam Sana , Shaikh Irfan Ahmed , Firdous Nabeela , Ali Azhar , Sadef Yumna
Published: January 2019

The use of fresh water in the textile wash-off process is becoming more expensive day by day due to declining water levels in the region. In this study, the potential of using Fenton oxidation in wash-off cotton reactive dyeing was investigated. The spent wash-off wastewater from one dyeing was first treated with Fenton oxidation, and then reused in several washing-offs employing widely used reactive dyes, C.I. Reactive Yellow 145, C.I. Reactive Blue 21, and C.I. Reactive Red 195. Experimental results showed that at acidic pH (3) using optimized quantities of FeSO4 and H2O2, Fenton process yielded a significant reduction (90–95%) of color in 30 minutes of treatment time. New washing-offs were then carried out in Fenton decolorized wash-off wastewater, and dyed cotton fabric samples were subjected to quality evaluations in terms of color difference properties (ΔL*, Δc*,Δb*, Δa*, ΔE*cmc) and wash fastness properties. This study concluded that after Fenton oxidation, treated liquor can be effectively reused subsequent washing-offs without compromising fabric quality parameters as ΔE*cmc was less than 1, and washing and crocking was also in the range of 4.5–5 which is commercially acceptable. Moreover, the difference in color strength in terms of k/s was also negligible.
La teoría de las generaciones entre los profesores universitarios: la percepción de Cclidades de google apps for education
Authors: Silva Sérgio Roberto da , Veloso Salgado Maria Helena , Luiz Valkiria Bento , Aros Ludivia Hernandez
Published: January 2019

Google for Education (GFE) es un conjunto de software / aplicaciones que involucran varias actividades dirigidas a profesores y alumnos de diversas edades y necesidades. Cada profesor tiene una experiencia con software educativo. El objetivo general de investigación es identificar las posibles diferencias de percepción de calidad del software educativo GFE utilizando la teoría de las generaciones. El método adoptado fue um estudio de caso cuantitativo envolviendo una de las pioneras facultades en la gran São Paulo. Los resultados demostraron que existe una diferencia entre las generaciones de la generación Y (22 a 40 años) entre Baby Boomers (57 a 75 años). Un análisis más detallado demostró que la divergencia está en la calidad del sistema. Los constructos de calidad de la información y calidad del servicio (soporte) no tuvieron diferencias. El estudio apunta a una mayor necesidad de soporte para los profesores que están en la generación Baby Boomers. Las dificultades que enfrentan los profesores pueden afectar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Los profesores con mayores dificultades necesitan un mayor soporte.
Pharmacotherapy of Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Isildak Hacer , Schwartz Stephen G. , Flynn Harry W.
Published: January 2019

Background:

Myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common cause of central visual loss in
patients with high myopia, and the most common form of CNV in younger individuals. Pharmacologic therapy is
the current mainstay of treatment of these patients.

Methods:

Review of pharmacological treatment options for myopic CNV, which primarily involves intravitreal
administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents.

Results:

At this time, anti-VEGF therapy agents are the first-line therapy in these patients. Comparative trials
have not identified any major differences in treatment outcomes between aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab. Only ranibizumab is approved for this indication in the US. Best visual outcomes are associated with
younger age, smaller lesion size, and absence of chorioretinal atrophy.

Conclusion:

Anti-VEGF therapy is generally very effective in the treatment of myopic CNV.
Indinavir-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers to Brain Drug Delivery: Optimization, Characterization and Neuropharmacokinetic Evaluation
Authors: Nasiri Mohammad , Azadi Amir , Zanjani Mohammad Reza Saghatchi , Hamidi Mehrdad
Published: January 2019

Purpose:

As an anti-retroviral Protease Inhibitor (PI), Indinavir (IDV) is part of the regimen known as Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) widely used for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. The drug efficiency in treatment of the brain manifestations of HIV is, however, limited which is mainly due to the efflux by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressed at the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

Methods:

To overcome the BBB obstacle, NLCs were used in this study as carriers for IDV, which were optimized through two steps: a “one-factor-at-a-time” screening followed by a systematic multiobjective optimization. Spherical smooth-surfaced Nanoparticles (NPs), average particle size of 161.02±4.8 nm, Poly-Dispersity Index (PDI) of 0.293±0.07, zeta potential of -40.62±2.21 mV, entrapment efficiency of 93±1.58%, and loading capacity of 9.15±0.15% were obtained after optimization which were, collectively, appropriate in terms of the objective of this study.

Result:

The surface of the optimized NPs was, then, modified with human Transferrin (TR) to improve the drug delivery. The particle size, zeta potential, and PDI of the TR-modified NLCs were 185.29±6.7nm, -28.68±3.37 mV, and 0.247±0.06, respectively. The in vitro release of IDV molecules from the NPs was best fitted to the Weibull model indicating hybrid diffusion/erosion behavior.

Conclusion:

As the major in vivo findings, compared to the free drug, the NLCs and TR-NLCs displayed significantly higher and augmented concentrations in the brain. In this case, NLC and TR-NLC were 6.5- and 32.75-fold in their values of the brain uptake clearance compared to free drug.
The Expression and Functional Roles of miRNAs in Embryonic and Lineage-Specific Stem Cells
Authors: Farzaneh Maryam , Alishahi Masoumeh , Derakhshan Zahra , Sarani Neda H. , Attari Farnoosh , Khoshnam Seyed E.
Published: January 2019

The discovery of small non-coding RNAs began an interesting era in cellular and molecular biology. To date, miRNAs are the best recognized non-coding RNAs for maintenance and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells including embryonic stem cells (ES), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), and cancer stem cells. ES cells are defined by their ability to self-renew, teratoma formation, and to produce numerous types of differentiated cells. Dual capacity of ES cells for self-renewal and differentiation is controlled by specific interaction with the neighboring cells and intrinsic signaling pathways from the level of transcription to translation. The ES cells have been the suitable model for evaluating the function of non-coding RNAs and in specific miRNAs. So far, the general function of the miRNAs in ES cells has been assessed in mammalian and non-mammalian stem cells. Nowadays, the evolution of sequencing technology led to the discovery of numerous miRNAs in human and mouse ES cells that their expression levels significantly changes during proliferation and differentiation. Several miRNAs have been identified in ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm cells, as well. This review would focus on recent knowledge about the expression and functional roles of miRNAs in embryonic and lineage-specific stem cells. It also describes that miRNAs might have essential roles in orchestrating the Waddington's landscape structure during development.
Post-Traumatic Endophthalmitis Due to Acinetobacter radioresistens: Virulence Potential of Commensal Bacteria
Authors: Datta Priya , Gupta Menal , Kumari Pooja , Gupta Varsha , Narang Subina , Chander Jagdish
Published: January 2019

Acinetobacter species are widely distributed in soil, water and hospital environment. In
addition to A. calcoaceticus-baumannii complex, the clinically most relevant species, there are
other genomospecies which are less frequently identified, mostly due to lack of accurate methods
for routine identification. We describe the first case of post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by
otherwise non-pathogenic A. radioresistens, in India. Gram-negative coccobacilli were observed
on Gram stain and culture of vitreous fluid specimen, and identified biochemically as
Acinetobacter spp. The species was identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-
Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The pathogenic potential of ‘commensal’
A. radioresistens and its role in dissemination of carbapenem resistance genes underlines the importance
of species-level identification in Acinetobacter infections.
Tim Prodi Kalk PIP Semarang Membantu FGD AMY dalam Rangka Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Authors: Winarno Winarno
Published: January 2019

Semarang Merchant Marine Polytechnic (PIP) assigned the study program of Sea Transportation and Port Management (KALK) to assist in Focus Group Discussion (FGD) at the Maritime Academy of Yogyakarta (AMY) in the framework of implementing community service. This assignment was based on a letter of request from the Director of AMY to the Director of PIP Semarang to send expert speakers from KALK to help provide the guidance and experience on the FGD of Commercial Shipping (KPN) Study Program in AMY. AMY is supposed to carry out a review and re-design of the KPN study curriculum that is owned to suit the needs of the industry or as known as “link and match”.
Perbaikan Manajemen Reproduksi Kambing Peranakan Etawah Melalui Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan kepada Kelompok Ternak Subur Kokap Kulon Progo DIY
Authors: Ridlo Muhammad Rosyid
Published: January 2019

Reproduction management Socialiszation to “Subur” Perananakan Etawah (PE) Goat Farmer Comunitee in Hargo Tirto, Kokap, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta was focused on reproduction problems in PE Goat. The main issue that should be priority is Goat Reproduction. Good Dairy goat management reproduction will give positive effect to success of milk production. The back ground of animal husbandary comunitee is located in mountain range of Kulon Progo, their main job activity are as a coconut sugar farmer. The Subur Animal Husbandary Comunitee is grouped as a new dairy goat farmer. They still trying to learn how to develop their husbandary, do not have adequate knowledge of good management farming and good information about reproduction.  That condition are the reasons to choose Subur Animal Husbandary Comunitee as a target for Socialiszation in presentation and discussion to farmers. Specific explanation and direct practice in field and does oestrus observation. Distribution of feed, medicine, vitamin and mineral were given to Subur Animal Husbandary Comunitee. The results of this program give many positive impact to the farmers and dairy goats such as; the farmers understand and be able to detect signs of oestrus which is very important to them, the farmers have apply detection of oestrus by visual and buck as a natural oestrus detector, natural mating and pregnant occurrence increased after the farmers have applied oestrus detection in does of PE Goat.
Análisis de las bases teóricas del modelo de sistemas de Betty Neuman
Authors: Romero Herrera Guadalupe , Flores Zamora Erika , Cárdenas Sánchez Patricia Adriana , Ostiguín Meléndez Rosa María
Published: January 2019

Este análisis realizado por los estudiantes del Programa de Maestría en Enfermería tiene como propósito: explorar los elementos teóricos que surgen en el Modelo de Sistemas de Neuman, para contextuar los conceptos que subyacen de la propuesta en cuestión. Inicialmente se abordan antecedentes de Betty Neuman, posteriormente se plasman las áreas disciplinares en las que se basa (psicológica, filosófica y biológica), y se finaliza con la inferencia de algunos conceptos con los que la autora constituye su Modelo. Dentro del área Psicológica se encuentra la Teoría de Gestalt, del Estrés y la Situación en Crisis, en la Filosófica se ubica la Concepción de la Naturaleza Humana y la Visión Cosmogénica y en la Biológica se encuentra la Teoría de Sistemas. Esta última junto con la del Estrés y de Gestalt conforman gran parte del modelo donde la persona es el eje central del cuidado. Conclusión: El modelo por su estructura psicológica, filosófica y biológica sustentan la posibilidad de brindar un cuidado de enfermería integral. Este análisis ofrece al alumno de posgrado profundizar en las raíces teóricas permitiéndole reflexionar sobre el conocimiento enfermero y la práctica.
Una nueva oportunidad para estudiar: Sentido y significados del SUA
Authors: Espinosa Olivares Artemisa
Published: January 2019

Una nueva oportunidad para estudiar: Sentido y significados del SUA
El sentido de cuidar a la familia, desde la perspectiva de Bourdieu
Authors: Guillén Velasco Rocío Del Carmen , Morán Peña Laura
Published: January 2019

Este artículo es derivado del trabajo de investigación El cuidado a la familia: ¿qué significa para las Enfermeras comunitarias? que para obtener el grado de Maestría en Enfermería se realizó en el 2003. Es un estudio de corte cualitativo que rescata el sentido que las Enfermeras comunitarias le otorgan al cuidado con enfoque familiar. Participaron 4 Enfermeras comunitarias del Estado de México, con un perfil muy homogéneo, seleccionadas mediante muestreo teórico. Para la recolección de información se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada y el análisis de la información se realizó a través de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. La interpretación de los hallazgos se hizo alrededor de los conceptos de campo, habitus y capital cultural que el mismo gremio de Enfermería impone al ingresar al campo laboral. Esto permitió el anclaje teórico, confirmando y comprendiendo lo que informaron las Enfermeras. En la realidad social, la práctica del cuidado queda integrada, como una consideración global al momento de ofrecer la interacción Enfermera-persona cuidada. Las Enfermeras en su práctica, manifiestan una paradoja entre lo que es trabajo profesional de Enfermería y el deber ser, pues el campo, el habitus y los capitales que se distribuyen en dicha práctica, están en lógicas diferentes y por tanto estratificadas y desniveladas. Como conclusión, el cuidado y la familia demandan la reflexión disciplinar, que reconozca la necesidad del carácter científico constitutivo de los mismos, la explicación de los fenómenos relacionados y mayor deliberación acerca de los códigos de lenguaje con el que se construyen dichas explicaciones.
Intersubjetividad: Esencia humana del cuidado profesional de Enfermería
Authors: Aparicio Santiago Guadalupe Leticia , Hernández Cantoral Alicia , Ostiguín Meléndez Rosa María
Published: January 2019

Este trabajo pretende resaltar el fenómeno de intersubjetividad en la relación Enfermera persona; rescatando la concepción humanista de la práctica profesional del cuidado. Debido a las múltiples visiones teóricas que existen entorno a la intersubjetividad el análisis de este trabajo se centra en la propuesta de Alfred Schütz, sobre la teoría de comprensión intersubjetiva, que se sitúa en el ámbito de las relaciones sociales, y que plantea la interacción sujeto – sujeto, donde ambos aprenden, comparten y reconocen su humanidad, que en el terreno de la Enfermería permite tener una visión del ser humano como persona única, singular e indivisible. El fenómeno intersubjetivo, permite el encuentro con el otro u otros, de una forma más integral y humana, por lo que es un elemento indispensable en la relación Enfermera – persona, tal cual lo sustentan las teorías disciplinarias de H. Peplau, J. Paterson y L. Zderad, J. Travelbee, J. Watson y R. Parse, donde cada una plantea su propia perspectiva de intersubjetividad. Para ello el ensayo presenta de manera general algunos referentes del fenómeno de intersubjetividad desde la perspectiva de Alfred Schütz, para con ello analizar las teorías de Enfermería de H. Peplau, J. Paterson y L. Zderad, J. Travelbee, J. Watson y R. Parse, y reconocer aspectos de convergencia.
El concepto de persona, como determinante del cuidado
Authors: Jiménez Trujano Laura , Ostiguín Meléndez Rosa María , Bermúdez González Alfredo
Published: January 2019

Al revisar la evolución del conocimiento enfermero, Fawcet, identifica como componentes coincidentes citados por las teóricas 4 elementos que forman el metaparadigma constituido por; persona, cuidado, salud y entorno, cabe hacer notar que el concepto de cada uno de ellos, está influenciado por la visión de la teórica que lo ha definido y por la corriente de pensamiento de la que surge. Para ello se revisa la evolución que el concepto de persona ha tenido en México, influido por los antecedentes prehispánicos, la herencia vocacional religiosa y el desarrollo del concepto en el cuidado contemporáneo, a partir de la educación formal de las enfermeras en los hospitales a finales del siglo XIX, principios del XX, lo que tiene un impacto determinante en la visión de cuidado y persona, ya que centra la atención en la enfermedad, lo biológico y la técnica, enfoque que ha predominado hasta fechas recientes. Recientemente existe interés en comprender al hombre en su dimensión de individuo, en percibirlo como tal y trascender a la humanización del cuidado, para ello las teóricas han incursionado en otras áreas del conocimiento. La propuesta de éste ensayo es profundizar desde la filosofía el concepto de persona, para entender que se debe constituir la atención para cada sujeto, para ayudar a su trascendencia como tal.
De La gran transformación a la gran financiarización
Authors: Polanyi Levitt Kari
Published: January 2019

Este ensayo  de lo que  trata es de bosquejar un marco dentro del cual aparezcan los mecanismos de relaciones económicas desiguales entre los llamados países desarrollados y en desarrollo. O más precisamente, los mecanismos por los cuales los antiguos territorios coloniales de los poderes metropolitanos han sido y siguen siendo incorporados dentro del sistema capitalista mundial en expansión.
El TLCAN en la agricultura de México: 23 años de malos tratos
Authors: Roberto Escalante S. Fernando González
Published: January 2019

 

El presente trabajo expone el impacto del TLCAN en la agricultura mexicana a 23 años de su implementación, considerando el desarrollo de su producción, la especialización, el grado de dependencia alimentaria, el apoyo público y privado que se le ha brindado así como las políticas de integración necesarias para el rescate del campo que deberían tomarse en consideración para una próxima renegociación de este acuerdo comercial.

 

 
Estrategias internacionales de conservación implementadas en el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas en Colombia
Authors: Vergara Buitrago Paulina Alejandra
Published: January 2019

Colombia cuenta con 1044 áreas naturales protegidas, las cuales constituyen la principal herramienta para la conservación de la biodiversidad y sus servicios ecosistémicos. Razón por la cual, la ejecución de estrategias complementarias para la conservación de la diversidad biológica en las áreas naturales, constituye un mecanismo para garantizar la funcionalidad de los ecosistemas colombianos. En el presente artículo se hizo una revisión en torno al establecimiento de las estrategias internacionales denominadas como sitios RAMSAR, Áreas importantes para la Conservación de Aves, Reservas para Aves Playeras, Reservas de la Biósfera y sitios de Patrimonio Natural que han sido reconocidos al interior de las áreas naturales protegidas de Colombia, esto con el propósito de identificar y aportar información sobre el estado actual de implementación de estas estrategias de conservación en el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas de Colombia.
Remoción de cromo en aguas residuales industriales mediante el uso de biomasa de Spirulina sp, sedimentación primaria y precipitación química
Authors: Meneses Barroso Yeni Maritza , Patiño Mantilla Paula Andrea , Betancur Perez Jhon Fredy
Published: January 2019

El cromo es un metal pesado ampliamente usado a nivel industrial y vertido comúnmente de manera directa a fuentes hídricas, lo que conlleva a un deterioro de las mismas. Por lo tanto, esta investigación busca comprobar la remoción de cromo ejercida mediante tratamiento físico, químico y biológico en aguas residuales industriales, con el fin de determinar cuál alternativa resulta más sostenible.Para ello se implementaron a escala laboratorio ocho reactores con agua residual industrial de una empresa del sector metalmecánico; inicialmente se evaluó la remoción de cromo mediante sedimentación primaria logrando remociones del 16%; posteriormente, se verificó el efecto llevado a cabo mediante precipitación química con sulfato de aluminio y oxido de calcio; por último, se evaluó la capacidad de biosorción de la microalga Spirulina sp utilizando biomasa viva y muerta a las 24 y 96 horas. Encontrando que existen mecanismos de fácil implementación para evitar vertimientos directos, además se encontró que el tratamiento químico logra disminuir el cromo a valores inferiores de 0.1 mg/l, con remociones del 99%, sin embargo, genera más del 30% de lodos y no favorece la separación del metal. Con el uso de biomasa se alcanzaron remociones de hasta el 96.5% en las primeras 24 horas y un valor final de cromo de 1.02 mg/l, presentando la ventaja que este método genera menos del 10% de lodos y permite recuperar el cromo para su posterior uso. De modo que, se recomienda la implementación de un tratamiento físico-biológico, puesto que mejora la sostenibilidad del proceso.
High temperature corrosion of commercial FeCrAl alloys (Kanthal AF) in nitrogen gas
Authors: Veskovic-Bukudura S. , Kovac J. , Karpe B. , Umek P. , Nagode A. , Cerc-Korosec R. , Bizjak M.
Published: January 2019

In the present study, the corrosion mechanism of commercial FeCrAl alloy (Kanthal AF) during annealing in nitrogen gas (4.6) at 900?C and 1200?C is outlined. Isothermal and thermo-cyclic tests with varying total exposure times, heating rates, and annealing temperatures were performed. Oxidation test in air and nitrogen gas were carried out by thermogravimetric analysis. The microstructure is characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and focused ion beam (FIB-EDX) analysis. The results show that the progression of corrosion takes place through the formation of localized subsurface nitridation regions, composed of AlN phase particles, which reduces the aluminum activity and causes embrittlement and spallation. The processes of Al-nitride formation and Al-oxide scale growth depend on annealing temperature and heating rate. It was found that nitridation of the FeCrAl alloy is a faster process than oxidation during annealing in a nitrogen gas with low oxygen partial pressure and represents the main cause of alloy degradation.
Composition and texture of a set of marvered glass vessels from 12th century ad Branicevo, Serbia
Authors: Rehren Thilo , Cholakova Anastasia , Jovanovi] Sonja
Published: January 2019

Strongly coloured glass vessels decorated with marvered threads of white
glass are a wide-spread and popular, but rarely studied group of high-quality
glassware of medieval Islamic origin. Relatively little is known about the
composition and production places of these vessels, and their chronological
range is not very well defined, as many of the published finds lack
contextual evidence. Here, we present detailed chemical and microstructural
data on a set of well-dated purple glass vessels decorated with white
threads, excavated at the Mali Grad site in Branicevo, Serbia, in an
archaeological context dated to the middle/second half of the 12th century
AD. The set comprises at least sixteen different vessels, manufactured from
two different batches of probably Levantine plant-ash glass coloured by
manganese oxide. Significantly, the results demonstrate that these batches
are correlated to particular vessel shapes. The base glass of the white
threads is comparable to that of the purple vessel glass, but instead of
being coloured by added manganese oxide, it contains considerable amounts of
tin and lead oxides which provide the effect of opacity and white colour. No
difference in composition can be seen between the white glass threads used to
decorate the vessels from the two different manganese-coloured batches, thus
indicating a likely common production origin of the whole set.
Firuz Agha and his hammam in Smederevo
Authors: Katic Srdjan , Krstic Aleksandar
Published: January 2019

This paper deals with the hammam in the Smederevo fortress, erected by Firuz
Agha, the head of the Sultan?s treasury, between 1485 and 1490. Using Ottoman
sources, the authors are able to determine the time of construction, the
method of work and the role that this public bath played for Smederevo?s
inhabitants. The hammam was very important for the functioning of the great
Firuz?s waqf, which included numerous buildings in the Balkans and Anatolia.
Based on data on the waqf?s revenue, it may be concluded that until the
mid-16th century the hammam in the Smederevo fortress was one of the most
profitable facilities of its kind in the Ottoman Empire. Over a quarter of a
century, Firuz, as the court agha and later as the sanjak-bey, constructed
another three hammams in Tokat, Sivas and Sarajevo, which help us discern
patterns and changes in the manner of construction. Based on this knowledge
and information about the appearance and manner of functioning of the
numerous hammams built in the second half of the 15th and the first half of
the 16th century, the authors present the presumed disposition of the rooms
of the public bath in the Smederevo fortress. In the female section, the
rooms can be determined with great certainty, while three possible types,
based on the shape and dimensions, are offered for the hot part of the male
section of the hammam.
Writing on the Wall
Authors: Stern Karen B.
Published: January 2019

Few direct clues exist to the everyday lives and beliefs of ordinary Jews in antiquity. Prevailing perspectives on ancient Jewish life have been shaped largely by the voices of intellectual and social elites, preserved in the writings of Philo and Josephus and the rabbinic texts of the Mishnah and Talmud. Commissioned art, architecture, and formal inscriptions displayed on tombs and synagogues equally reflect the sensibilities of their influential patrons. The perspectives and sentiments of nonelite Jews, by contrast, have mostly disappeared from the historical record. Focusing on these forgotten Jews of antiquity, this book takes an unprecedented look at the vernacular inscriptions and drawings they left behind and sheds new light on the richness of their quotidian lives. Just like their neighbors throughout the eastern and southern Mediterranean, Mesopotamia, Arabia, and Egypt, ancient Jews scribbled and drew graffiti everyplace. This book reveals what these markings tell us about the men and women who made them, people whose lives, beliefs, and behaviors eluded commemoration in grand literary and architectural works. Making compelling analogies with modern graffiti practices, the book documents the overlooked connections between Jews and their neighbors, showing how popular Jewish practices of prayer, mortuary commemoration, commerce, and civic engagement regularly crossed ethnic and religious boundaries. Illustrated throughout with examples of ancient graffiti, the book provides a tantalizingly intimate glimpse into the cultural worlds of forgotten populations living at the crossroads of Judaism, Christianity, paganism, and earliest Islam.
Modernidade enfraquecida e difusa
o universo dos projetos no início do século XX
Authors: Branzi Andrea
Published: January 2019

As metrópoles brasileiras estão, em grande medida, ocupadas; poucos são os lotes livres disponíveis. A maior parte dos arquitetos e arquitetas das grandes cidades brasileiras tem como campo de atuação estruturas preexistentes e atua, portanto, nos interiores urbanos. Neste contexto está a relevância de traduzir a obra escrita do italiano Andrea Branzi, que se insere significativamente na historiografia da Arquitetura e do Design de Interiores. Os ensaios aqui traduzidos integram seu livro “Modernidade enfraquecida e difusa: o universo dos projetos no início do século XXI”, publicado em 2006, no qual este designer e pensador italiano lança um olhar amplo — desde meados do século passado até o início deste século — sobre o futuro do projeto de objetos e cidades.
PERAN GANDA YANG DIALAMI PEKERJA WANITA K3L UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN
Authors: Radhitya Theresia Vania
Published: January 2019

Di era modern saat ini, seorang perempuan tidak hanya menjadi seorang ibu rumah tangga. Perempuan masa kini sudah mulai terjun di sector publik dimana mereka harus bekerja. Berbekal keterampilan dan pendidikan yang dimiliki saat ini perempuan sudah berani untuk bekerja di luar rumah. Hal ini membuat munculnya suatu peran ganda yang bisa dikatakan lebih dari dua peran bagi perempuan yang sehari-harinya menjadi seorang pekerja. Peran yang dianut oleh pekerja perempuan adalah peran menjadi seorang ibu bagi anak-anaknya serta menjadi seorang istri yang baik bagi suaminya. Dalam menyeimbangkan peran, seorang perempuan merasa sulit dan memiliki banyak hambatan. Seorang perempuan yang tidak dapat menyeimbangkan perannya akan menimbulkan dampak bagi keluarganya maupun pekerjaannya. Namun yang paling penting adalah dampak bagi keluarganya. Seorang perempuan memiliki kewajiban yang penting yaitu mengurus rumah tangga keluarga. Apabila berdampak negatif maka akan mengacaukan kehidupan keluarga, dan berdampak signifikan bagi suami dan anak.Hal mengenai peran ganda juga dialami oleh pekerja wanita K3L Univesitas Padjadjaran. Mereka berkewajiban untuk memenuhi peran mereka sebagai seorang ibu dan seorang istri serta menjadi pekerja K3L dalam waktu yang sama.
Dispositio y compositio en la traducción de poesía turco-español
Authors: Carpintero Ortega Rafael
Published: January 2019

Si aceptamos la idea de los neorretóricos de la Retórica como disciplina general del discurso, podemos describir la traducción como una operación retórica. En la traducción de poesía esto es particularmente notable por ser un género muy sistematizado. Al analizarla podemos hacer uso, pues, de categorías retóricas tradicionales. Incluso podemos encontrar diferencias de estrategia traductora entre categorías tan próximas en apariencia como la dispositio y la compositio. Como muestra, analizamos una traducción colectiva de un fragmento de un conocido poema del autor turco A. H. Tanpınar.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Üniversite Yaşamına Sosyal, Kişisel ve Akademik Uyumları
Authors: ESEN AYGÜN Hanife , ŞAHİN-TAŞKIN Çiğdem
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırmada Temel Eğitim bölümü birinci sınıfta
öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşamına uyum süreçleri kişisel,
sosyal ve akademik uyum kapsamında incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma ile öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşamına
uyum düzeyleri çeşitli değişkenler açısından ele alınırken; uyum sürecinde rol
oynayan unsurların ayrıntılı olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda
çalışma karma desende tasarlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular,  öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşamına uyum
düzeylerinin çok yüksek olmadığı göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte,  öğretmen
adaylarının uyum düzeyleri cinsiyet, anabilim dalı ve coğrafi bölgeye göre
anlamlı farklılık göstermezken, genel not ortalamasına göre notu 80-84 puan
aralığında olan öğretmen adaylarının lehine anlamlı farklılık görülmektedir
Is There a Need for the Modernization of Russian Federalism and To What Extent?
Authors: Yengibaryan R. V.
Published: January 2019

Introduction. The issues of federalism theory, history, policy and practices have been the focus both in Russia and abroad over decades. Hundreds of books, thousands of research papers, lots of scientific conferences and seminars seem to have been dedicated to this problem. Yet we are still watching a burgeoning interest in this issue due to the increasing role of federalism in the reality of the modern world.

Methods and Materials. The research involves such methods as logical analysis, systematic and comparative legal methods, etc.

Research Outcomes. 1. The federal system of Russia, its political stability, sustainable nature of interfederal relations are the true facts, giving rise to necessity for the transition to a new model of federalism, which can prove to be more appropriate in terms of current economic and political environments prevailing in Russia.

2. There is no doubt that the federal system of polity of the Russian Federation is justifed by legal, judicial, political and economic aspects, with no reasonable alternatives. The question is whether the existing principle of national and territorial structural organization of the Russian Federation is appropriate by now. There are persuasive arguments for the priority of the geographical and economic principle over the national and territorial division.

3. The geographical and economic principle priority in the organization of modern Russia does not mean that specifc national and ethnic features of certain regions will be neglected.

4. The geographical and economic principle priority in the organization of the Russian Federation will result in the consolidation of Russian entities and provide them with more extent of economic independence.

Discussion and conclusion. It is obvious that from perspective of long-term development of Russia, the development of all Russian entities should be going at the same pace, which is not an easy task in the existing social, political and economic environments. The pace of development demonstrated by Moscow or Saint Petersburg Regions, or Tatarstan cannot be justly compared with those of Ingushetia or Dagestan. Indeed, the developed entities of the Russian Federation cannot endlessly donate to those lacking dynamics in their development. It is crystal clear that the modern day organization of the Russian Federation based on mere national and territorial grounds can hardly promote the equal development and integration of all Russian regions. Cultural and civilizational distinctions of certain entities should not lead to their isolation within one country and lagging behind national development.
Development of German and Russian Corporate Law in the Hostile Take- over Environment
Authors: Zotova E. К.
Published: January 2019

Introduction. Speculative behavior is common for modern stock markets. It leads to corporate short-termism and therefore has negative systemic implications for the states’ economies. In an attempt to mitigate this trend, the German lawmaker developed national legislation aiming, inter alia, to provide company management with additional powers it could potentially use to prevent hostile takeovers. This experience needs to be critically studied in terms of both German and Russian doctrine and legal practice.

Materials and methods. This paper uses the following general and specifc scientifc methods: structure-function analysis, comparative law method, Aristotelian method, statistical method, historical method, systemic method and hermeneutic method.

Results of the research. Reacting towards a number of transactions affecting the German corporate landscape, the German legislature developed the Law on Acquisition of Securities and Change of Corporate Control. This Law contains protectionist provisions potentially entitling the board of directors of a joint-stock company to undertake measures to prevent hostile takeovers either subject to consent of the supervisory board or in cases where it is authorized to do so according to the corporate charter. Nevertheless, the impact these powers have in practice is very limited, which can be mostly attributed to practical considerations of the German judiciary and legislature.

Discussion and conclusions. The article contains analysis of the German and Russian legal doctrine and court practice pertaining to joint-stock companies, as well as the scope of authorities of their management, analysis of the basic advantages and disadvantages of the German regulatory approach, conclusions as to applicability of the German approach in Russia.
“The starting point”: History of the Theory of International Relations as a New Sub Discipline
Authors: Alekseevа T. А.
Published: January 2019

Introduction.A new sub discipline of the Theory of international relations – The History of the TIR, is already in place in the scientifc community of international studies. One of the most important problems, stated by the scientists, is the heterogeneity, fragmentation and the lack of fnished structure of the Theory of international relations. This article is devoted to only one of the multitude of questions: what date may be regarded as a “starting point”, the beginning of the discipline from which we should analyze the achieved results?

Materials and Methods.While preparing this article, the author used the method of the comparative study of the intellectual traditions in the history of the political and legal thought.

The Results of the Study.Nowadays the Theory of international relations is still at the stage of formation with its main features as fragmentation and absence of coherence towards the key moments of its development, including the date of its birth. Therefore, the appearance of the new discipline – History of the Theory of international relations – is quite natural as it helps to build necessary “bridges” and to clarify the details of the international studies development.

Discussion and Conclusions.Today none of the existing theoretical or epistemological attitudes can be regarded suffciently complete to pretend for a monopoly in the international studies. Moreover, no real intellectual progress allows this or that theoretical worldview to have the absolute priority. In the context of the quite complicated and contradictory issues that exist in real international relations, no simple or unequivocal explanation is possible. Therefore, it is high time to turn away from the endless interdisciplinary debates and start evaluating the real problems, but it would presuppose, according to David A. Lake, the recognition of different judgments and articulation of the lexicon which is able to identify not only what the various research traditions have in common but also what differentiates them.
ILO is One Hundred Years
Authors: Shitov V. N.
Published: January 2019

Introduction. The article analyzes ILO’s history, specifc features of its structural organization, main activities of ILO, which is one hundred years in 2019, as well as USSR and Russia’s participation in the work of ILO.

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research includes general scientifc and special methods of analysis i.e. historical methods, formal methods, comparative method. The theoretical background of the research consists of works of specialists in international labour law, ILO-s Charter, other offcial documents of International Labour Organization.

Results. International Labour Organization has proved to be one of the most respected UN special institutions. Its mandate is to promote right to work, employment, to expand social security of workers, to strengthen social dialogue. ILO is a unique international institution as it alone is based on “tripartism” principle and in all ILO bodies governments of member states are represented along with trade-unions and employers. Main activities of ILO are elaboration of conventions and recommendations on social and labour issues, technical assistance, research as well as collection and analysis of labour statistics. The most important activity of ILO – elaboration of international labour standards. During one hundred years of its existence ILO elaborated 189 conventions on social and labour issues. The author’s analysis proves that high income countries have the biggest numbers of ratifcations of ILO conventions. But there are exeptions i.e. the USA and some Islamic states. Author analyses the USSR’s participation in the work of ILO as well as diffculties that it encountered in this institution. On the contrary modern Russia has no problems with ILO as its laws correspond to the ratifed ILO conventions. Its total number is 76 which is more than in any other post-soviet country.

Conclusion. It is proved that ILO encountered many challenges during the long period of its existence. These challenges were posed in particular by Create Depression and by the Second World War. But the Organization has always withstood challenges. Modern challenges to ILO are created by globalization as well as by transnationalization in the world economy.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM MULHERES MASTECTOMIZADAS
Authors: Monteiro Cinara Regina Aragão Vieira , Paiva Aline Raquel Brito
Published: January 2019

Introdução: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia de maior incidência entre as mulheres e com alto índice de mortalidade. A mastectomia é uma abordagem terapêutica cirúrgica eficaz, porém pode proporcionar sequelas na qualidade de vida nas pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar qualidade de vida em mulheres mastectomizadas. Materiais e Métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário em pacientes atendidas em um hospital de referência em oncologia, contemplando dados clínicos e sócio-demográficos e o SF-36 para avaliação da qualidade de vida. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética da Universidade Ceuma. Resultados: A faixa etária mais acometida foi de 51 a 60 anos (32,5%), mulheres de raça branca (47,5%), com grau de escolaridade de nível médio (45%) e profissionais da lavoura (25%), acompanhadas no setor ambulatorial do hospital (97,5%). O lado mamário esquerdo foi o mais acometido (40%) e o tratamento mais realizado foi a associação da quimioterapia com a cirurgia (55%). O domínio de qualidade de vida mais comprometido foi o de limitação por aspectos emocionais associado ao tipo de cirurgia, em particular a mastectomia total (p<0,05). Conclusão: Tais resultados reforçam a necessidade de uma reabilitação globalizada das pacientes no pós-operatório de mastectomização.Palavras-chave: Câncer de mama, mastectomia, qualidade de vida.
The relationship between exposure to entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial self-efficacy
Authors: Malebana M J , Swanepoel E
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research was to investigate whether students with different levels of exposure to entrepreneurship education would perceive their own entrepreneurial self-efficacy differently from those without such exposure, and whether there is a relationship between perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intent. The study was carried out by means of a survey. The sample consisted of 355 final-year commerce students from two South African universities based in rural provinces, namely the Eastern Cape and Limpopo. SPSS was used to analyse the data. The results revealed that students who had had exposure to entrepreneurship education were statistically significantly different from those who had not in terms of the way in which they perceived their own entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy had a statistically significant relationship with entrepreneurial intent.
Pengaruh caregiving pada pasien kanker terhadap tingkat caregiver burden
Authors: Werdani Yesiana Dwi Wahyu
Published: January 2019

Kompleksitas perawatan pasien kanker menyebabkan tingginya tingkat ketergantungan pasien kepada caregiver baik ketergantungan fisik maupun psikologis, yang berdampak terhadap timbulnya caregiver burden. Tujuan penelitian membuktikan adanya pengaruh caregiving pada pasien kanker terhadap tingkat caregiver burden. Desain yang digunakan cross sectional. Populasinya adalah caregiver pasien kanker di wilayah kerja puskesmas Kedungdoro dan Pacarkeling Surabaya yang jumlah 60 orang, yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner caregiving dan caregiver burden scale yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik dengan regresi ordinal didapatkan p = 0.000, dengan nilai R = 0.699 yang berarti ada pengaruh caregiving terhadap terhadap tingkat caregiver burden dengan besarnya pengaruh adalah 69.9%. Semakin kompleks keluhan pasien kanker, menyebabkan semakin lamanya durasi perawatan yang diberikan caregiver kepada pasien, hal ini berdampak terhadap ketidaseimbangan waktu kerja pribadi dengan waktu luang yang dimiliki caregiver untuk berelaksasi, hal ini menjadi stresor yang memicu stres, dan dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat menyebabkan caregiver burden.