bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting high-speed train operation conflicts using workflow nets and triangular fuzzy numbers
Authors: Wen Chao , Li Jianguang , Peng Qiyuan , Li Bingyu , Ren Juanjuan
Published: December 2013

The dispatching system of a high-speed railway system is the basis that guarantees trains that run at high speed, high density, are secure and have a good punctuality. The prediction of train operation conflicts is the main issue of train operation adjustment. In this paper, we propose the use of workflow nets and triangular fuzzy numbers to study the issues associated with predicting train operation conflicts. The linked lists for conflict prediction are built and used as tools to derive the train running states corresponding to the two operating modes of train workflow nets: the sequential mode and the alternative mode. Based on the current train running status and the triangular fuzzy numbers of times for future activities in train operation, the probabilities of all kinds of train operation conflicts that might occur can be obtained by comparing the possible end times of the workflow nets with the fixed deadlines. Hence, the prediction of train operation conflicts is realized.
Developing an authentic sex: Deconstructing developmental–psychological discourses of transgenderism in a clinical setting
Authors: Rosqvist Hanna Bertilsdotter , Nordlund Lisa , Kaiser Niclas
Published: December 2013

The paper is based on a broader study of the use of discourses of transgenderism among sex-reassignment evaluators in Sweden. In this paper we explore how a developmental–psychological discourse was reproduced by the evaluators in their discursive negotiations of transsexualism. We found that maturity and authenticity are two key concepts that illuminate how the developmental–psychological discourse both clashes with and works together with a medical–pathological discourse of transgenderism. The developmental–psychological discourse can help to produce a definition of transgenderism that is more diverse regarding male/female dichotomies. This in turn can create a wider range of possible subject positions for patients who are seeking help. The developmental–psychological discourse also imposes additional limitations regarding the subject positions available to transgender persons through a demand for maturity and for having gone through all of the steps in the expected identity development process. The developmental–psychological repertoire casts transgenderism as an identity crisis.
Exacerbations of bipolar disorder triggered by chloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus—a case report
Authors: Bogaczewicz J , Sobów T , Bogaczewicz A , Robak E , Bienkowski P , Sysa-Jędrzejowska A , Woźniacka A
Published: December 2013

Despite precise definitions and exclusions for 19 syndromes of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), under some circumstances it appears to be difficult to differentiate whether neuropsychiatric symptoms are caused by SLE or by other reasons such as primary mental disorders or substance-induced mood disorders, especially induced by glucocorticoids or antimalarials. We report the case of a male patient with SLE who presented with an exacerbation of bipolar disorder triggered by chloroquine. Firstly, when the patient was diagnosed with SLE, he underwent six months of therapy with chloroquine without any psychiatric symptoms. Later, the SLE returned and the patient was prescribed chloroquine again, without any mental illness. When the third exacerbation of SLE occurred, it coincided with a severe depressive episode with psychotic features that became aggravated for the first time after the administration of chloroquine. The chloroquine was subsequently replaced with hydroxychloroquine for the next six months without any behavioral problems, following which, the SLE and mood disorder were in remission. Later, a bipolar disorder relapse occurred, manifested by a manic episode, and in the following three months, despite psychiatric treatment, a manic episode with psychotic features developed four days after chloroquine was prescribed for arthritis. It was the second time that the mood disorder was exacerbated by chloroquine. Since that time, chloroquine has been withdrawn. Currently the patient is undergoing treatment with hydroxychloroquine and psychiatric drugs with good response. Our case points out that although chloroquine-induced psychosis is rare, patients presenting with behavioral changes need physicians’ attention in order to diagnose early and efficiently treat encountered mood disorders.
Combined Cardioprotectant and Antithrombotic Actions of Platelet P2Y12 Receptor Antagonists in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Cohen Michael V. , Downey James M.
Published: December 2013

Since the P2Y12 receptor antagonists were first introduced, they have been extensively tested in patients with acute coronary syndrome and are now standard of care. These antiplatelet drugs are very effective in reducing subsequent cardiovascular events, stent thromboses, and mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing reperfusion therapy. Although the prevailing view is that their benefit derives from their antithrombotic properties, other unrelated pleiotropic effects appear to be equally beneficial. Accumulating clinical and animal evidence indicates that, if present at the time of reperfusion, these drugs have a direct anti-infarct effect similar to that of ischemic postconditioning. Four oral antagonists have been developed in rapid succession: ticlopidine, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor. Each agent had a more consistent and rapid onset of action than the previous one, and this has correlated with improved clinical outcomes when given early in treatment. Unfortunately, gut absorption causes an appreciable delay in the onset of effect, especially when morphine is used, and the constant push to minimize the door-to-balloon time has made it difficult to achieve adequate platelet inhibition at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention with an oral agent. An intravenous P2Y12 antagonist such as cangrelor may optimize treatment because it produces nearly maximal inhibition of platelet aggregation within minutes. If antiplatelet agents do protect through postconditioning’s mechanism, then they would render any other intervention that protects through that mechanism redundant. Indeed, animals treated with cangrelor cannot be further protected by pre- or postconditioning. However, interventions that use a different mechanism such as mild hypothermia or cariporide, a Na+-H+ exchange blocker, do add to cangrelor’s protection. Future research should be directed toward identifying interventions that can augment the protection from antiplatelet therapy and finding a way to optimize P2Y12 inhibition at reperfusion in all patients.
Living together with age-related macular degeneration: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of sense-making within a dyadic relationship
Authors: Burton Amy E , Shaw Rachel L , Gibson Jonathan M
Published: December 2013

In this article, we present an idiographic analysis of a couple’s experience of living and coming to terms with age-related macular degeneration. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore three joint interviews, conducted over an 18-month period, with a married couple (aged 82 and 77 years) both living with age-related macular degeneration. Three themes are discussed: the disruption of vision impairment, managing mutual deterioration and resilience through togetherness. We discuss the existential challenges of vision impairment and consider the applicability of Galvin and Todres’ typology of well-being as a means of understanding well-being in older adults.
Current research in transcultural psychiatry in the Nordic countries
Authors: Ekblad Solvig , Kastrup Marianne Carisius
Published: December 2013

This article discusses major themes in recent transcultural psychiatric research in the Nordic countries from 2008 to 2011: (a) epidemiological studies of migration, (b) indigenous populations, and (c) quality of psychiatric care for migrants. Over the past several decades, the populations of the Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, which were relatively homogeneous, have become increasingly culturally diverse. Many migrants to Nordic countries have been exposed to extreme stress, such as threats of death and/or torture and other severe social adversities before, during, and after migration, with potential effects on their physical, mental, social, and spiritual health. Growing interest in transcultural issues is reflected in the level of scientific research and clinical activity in the field by Nordic physicians, psychologists, social scientists, demographers, medical anthropologists, as well as other clinicians and policy planners. Research includes work with migrants and indigenous minorities in the Nordic countries, as well as comparisons with mental health in postconflict countries. We conclude by suggesting future directions for transcultural psychiatry research and providing guidelines for the education and training of future clinicians in the Nordic countries.
Hypermasculinity and Sexual Risk Among Black and White Men Who Have Sex With Men and Women
Authors: LaPollo Archana Bodas , Bond Lisa , Lauby Jennifer L.
Published: December 2013

Men who have sex with men and women (MSMW), particularly Black MSMW, are at high risk for HIV. However, few studies have focused on factors that influence Black MSMW’s specific HIV risk behaviors, and there are no evidence-based interventions specifically targeting this population. Some studies have suggested that masculine ideals are associated with high-risk sex practices and partners. Norms around masculinity in the social environments in which MSMW live may prohibit nonheterosexual identities and behaviors, may lead to internalized homophobia, and may promote high-risk strategies to seek male partners. Using data collected from 180 Black and 101 White MSMW recruited for a study to develop strategies for recruiting MSMW for research and services and to inform the content of HIV prevention messages, we examined the association between hypermasculinity ideals and sexual behaviors that may contribute to increased HIV risk among Black MSMW and a comparison group of White MSMW. Comparing Black and White MSMW, we explored how this association may differ by race. Multivariate models, controlling for sociodemographic and other covariates, indicate that hypermasculine ideals are associated with increased numbers of male and female partners among Black MSMW and an increased number of female partners among White MSMW. Hypermasculinity is important to address in programs that aim to reduce HIV risk among Black MSMW.
Central site monitoring: Results from a test of accuracy in identifying trials and sites failing Food and Drug Administration inspection
Authors: Lindblad Anne S , Manukyan Zorayr , Purohit-Sheth Tejashri , Gensler Gary , Okwesili Paul , Meeker-O’Connell Ann , Ball Leslie , Marler John R
Published: December 2013

Background

Site monitoring and source document verification account for 15%‒30% of clinical trial costs. An alternative is to streamline site monitoring to focus on correcting trial-specific risks identified by central data monitoring. This risk-based approach could preserve or even improve the quality of clinical trial data and human subject protection compared to site monitoring focused primarily on source document verification.

Purpose

To determine whether a central review by statisticians using data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by clinical trial sponsors can identify problem sites and trials that failed FDA site inspections.

Methods

An independent Analysis Center (AC) analyzed data from four anonymous new drug applications (NDAs) where FDA had performed site inspections overseen by FDA’s Office of Scientific Investigations (OSI). FDA team members in the OSI chose the four NDAs from among all NDAs with data in Study Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) format. Two of the NDAs had data that OSI had deemed unreliable in support of the application after FDA site inspections identified serious data integrity problems. The other two NDAs had clinical data that OSI deemed reliable after site inspections. At the outset, the AC knew only that the experimental design specified two NDAs with significant problems. FDA gave the AC no information about which NDAs had problems, how many sites were inspected, or how many were found to have problems until after the AC analysis was complete. The AC evaluated randomization balance, enrollment patterns, study visit scheduling, variability of reported data, and last digit reference. The AC classified sites as ‘High Concern’, ‘Moderate Concern’, ‘Mild Concern’, or ‘No Concern’.

Results

The AC correctly identified the two NDAs with data deemed unreliable by OSI. In addition, central data analysis correctly identified 5 of 6 (83%) sites for which FDA recommended rejection of data and 13 of 15 sites (87%) for which any regulatory deviations were identified during inspection. Of the six sites for which OSI reviewed inspections and found no deviations, the central process flagged four at the lowest level of concern, one at a moderate level, and one was not flagged.

Limitations

Central data monitoring during the conduct of a trial while data checking was in progress was not evaluated.

Conclusion

Systematic central monitoring of clinical trial data can identify problems at the same trials and sites identified during FDA site inspections. Central data monitoring in conjunction with an overall monitoring process that adapts to identify risks as a trial progresses has the potential to reduce the frequency of site visits while increasing data integrity and decreasing trial costs compared to processes that are dependent primarily on source documentation.
Are the pituitary gonadotrophins determinants of complete molar pregnancy? An investigation using the method of least squares
Authors: Graham Iain H
Published: December 2013

Objective

To look for a relationship between the maternal age-specific incidence of complete molar pregnancy and the age-specific mid-follicular levels of circulating follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.

Design

Calculation of correlation coefficients between the incidence of complete mole and the circulating levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone using the method of least squares.

Setting

England and Wales.

Participants

All mothers between 23 and 49 years delivering in England and Wales between 2000 and 2009 inclusive and a sample of women between 23 and 49 years from Sheffield (1987).

Main outcome measures

The bivariate correlation coefficients between the incidence of complete mole and the mid-follicular plasma levels of the pituitary gonadotrophins.

Results

Exponential correlation between the incidence of complete mole and mid-follicular plasma follicle stimulating hormone, r = 0.965, r2 = 0.932. Linear correlation between the incidence of complete mole and mid-follicular plasma luteinizing hormone, r = 0.972, r2 = 0.944. Multivariate exponential regression between the incidence of complete mole and the combination of follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones. This does not improve the prediction of the incidence of complete mole and it shows that luteinizing hormone is not a significant predictor of the incidence of complete mole in the presence of follicle stimulating hormone.

Conclusions

There is a strong positive exponential correlation between the maternal age-specific incidence of complete mole in England and Wales and the age-related mid-follicular levels of follicle stimulating hormone in a sample of English women.
Activated mouse eosinophils protect against lethal respiratory virus infection
Authors: Percopo Caroline M. , Dyer Kimberly D. , Ochkur Sergei I. , Luo Janice L. , Fischer Elizabeth R. , Lee James J. , Lee Nancy A. , Domachowske Joseph B. , Rosenberg Helene F.
Published: December 2013

Key Points

Eosinophils recruited to the airways in response to A fumigatus sensitization and challenge degranulate in response to virus infection. Activated eosinophils are antiviral and promote survival from an otherwise lethal respiratory virus infection.
A cellular system for quantitation of vitamin K cycle activity: structure-activity effects on vitamin K antagonism by warfarin metabolites
Authors: Haque Jamil A. , McDonald Matthew G. , Kulman John D. , Rettie Allan E.
Published: December 2013

Key Points

Factor IX glutamyl carboxylation in engineered HEK 293 cells recapitulates in vivo anticoagulant inhibition of vitamin K cycle activity. Warfarin metabolite structure-activity analysis on vitamin K cycle antagonism determines their contributions to in vivo anticoagulation.
Early assessment of minimal residual disease identifies patients at very high relapse risk in NPM-ALK–positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma
Authors: Damm-Welk Christine , Mussolin Lara , Zimmermann Martin , Pillon Marta , Klapper Wolfram , Oschlies Ilske , d’Amore Emanuele S. G. , Reiter Alfred , Woessmann Wilhelm , Rosolen Angelo
Published: December 2013

Key Points

Early MRD positivity in NPM-ALK–positive ALCL correlates with a very high relapse risk and inferior survival.
Generation of a human airway epithelium derived basal cell line with multipotent differentiation capacity
Authors: Walters Matthew S , Gomi Kazunori , Ashbridge Beth , Moore Malcolm A S , Arbelaez Vanessa , Heldrich Jonna , Ding Bi-Sen , Rafii Shahin , Staudt Michelle R , Crystal Ronald G
Published: December 2013

Background

As the multipotent progenitor population of the airway epithelium, human airway basal cells (BC) replenish the specialized differentiated cell populations of the mucociliated airway epithelium during physiological turnover and repair. Cultured primary BC divide a limited number of times before entering a state of replicative senescence, preventing the establishment of long-term replicating cultures of airway BC that maintain their original phenotype.

Methods

To generate an immortalized human airway BC cell line, primary human airway BC obtained by brushing the airway epithelium of healthy nonsmokers were infected with a retrovirus expressing human telomerase (hTERT). The resulting immortalized cell line was then characterized under non-differentiating and differentiating air-liquid interface (ALI) culture conditions using ELISA, TaqMan quantitative PCR, Western analysis, and immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining analysis for cell type specific markers. In addition, the ability of the cell line to respond to environmental stimuli under differentiating ALI culture was assessed.

Results

We successfully generated an immortalized human airway BC cell line termed BCi-NS1 via expression of hTERT. A single cell derived clone from the parental BCi-NS1 cells, BCi-NS1.1, retains characteristics of the original primary cells for over 40 passages and demonstrates a multipotent differentiation capacity into secretory (MUC5AC, MUC5B), goblet (TFF3), Clara (CC10) and ciliated (DNAI1, FOXJ1) cells on ALI culture. The cells can respond to external stimuli such as IL-13, resulting in alteration of the normal differentiation process.

Conclusion

Development of immortalized human airway BC that retain multipotent differentiation capacity over long-term culture should be useful in understanding the biology of BC, the response of BC to environmental stress, and as a target for assessment of pharmacologic agents.
Genetic dissection of blood lipid traits by integrating genome-wide association study and gene expression profiling in a porcine model
Authors: Chen Congying , Yang Bin , Zeng Zhijun , Yang Hui , Liu Chenlong , Ren Jun , Huang Lusheng
Published: December 2013

Background

Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) are highly heritable traits that are used clinically to evaluate risk for cardiovascular disease in humans. In this study, we applied a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 1,075 pigs from two populations and gene expression studies on 497 liver samples to dissect the genetic basis of serum lipids in a pig model.

Results

We totally identified 8, 5, 2 and 3 genomic loci harboring 109 SNPs that were significantly associated with LDL-C, TC, TG and the ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C in two experimental populations, respectively. In the F2 population, the most prominent SNP was identified at the SSC3: 124,769,847 bp where APOB is the well-known candidate gene. However, in the Sutai population, the most number of significant SNPs was identified at SSC2: 64.97-82.22 Mb where LDLR was identified as the candidate gene. Furthermore, we firstly reported 4 novel genomic loci in pigs harboring the LDL-C-associated SNPs. We also observed obvious population heterogeneity in the two tested populations. Through whole-genome gene expression analysis, we detected 718 trait-correlated expressions. Many of these transcripts correspond to candidate genes for blood lipids in humans. The GWAS mapped 120 cis-eQTLs and 523 trans-eQTLs for these transcripts. One gene encoding the transcript gnl|UG|Ssc#S35330332 stands out to be an important candidate gene for LDL-C by an integrative analysis of GWAS, eQTL and trait-associated expression.

Conclusions

We identified the genomic regions or candidate genes associated with blood lipids by an integrative analysis of GWAS, QTT and eQTL mapping in pigs. The findings would benefit the further identification of the causative genes for blood lipid traits in both pigs and humans.
Heterozygous FA2H mutations in autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Scheid Isabelle , Maruani Anna , Huguet Guillaume , Leblond Claire S , Nygren Gudrun , Anckarsäter Henrik , Beggiato Anita , Rastam Maria , Amsellem Fréderique , Gillberg I Carina , Elmaleh Monique , Leboyer Marion , Gillberg Christopher , Betancur Catalina , Coleman Mary , Hama Hiroko , Cook Edwin H , Bourgeron Thomas , Delorme Richard
Published: December 2013

Background

Widespread abnormalities in white matter development are frequently reported in cases of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and could be involved in the disconnectivity suggested in these disorders. Homozygous mutations in the gene coding for fatty-acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), an enzyme involved in myelin synthesis, are associated with complex leukodystrophies, but little is known about the functional impact of heterozygous FA2H mutations. We hypothesized that rare deleterious heterozygous mutations of FA2H might constitute risk factors for ASD.

Methods

We searched deleterious mutations affecting FA2H, by genotyping 1256 independent patients with ASD genotyped using Genome Wide SNP arrays, and also by sequencing in independent set of 186 subjects with ASD and 353 controls. We then explored the impact of the identified mutations by measuring FA2H enzymatic activity and expression, in transfected COS7 cells.

Results

One heterozygous deletion within 16q22.3-q23.1 including FA2H was observed in two siblings who share symptoms of autism and severe cognitive impairment, axial T2-FLAIR weighted MRI posterior periventricular white matter lesions. Also, two rare non-synonymous mutations (R113W and R113Q) were reported. Although predictive models suggested that R113W should be a deleterious, we did not find that FA2H activity was affected by expression of the R113W mutation in cultured COS cells.

Conclusions

While our results do not support a major role for FA2H coding variants in ASD, a screening of other genes related to myelin synthesis would allow us to better understand the role of non-neuronal elements in ASD susceptibility.
Fixed point theorems for α-Geraghty contraction type maps in metric spaces
Authors: Cho Seong-Hoon , Bae Jong-Sook , Karapınar Erdal
Published: December 2013

In this paper, we introduce a notion of α-Geraghty contraction type maps in the setting of a metric space. We also establish some fixed point theorems for such maps and give an example to illustrate our results. Finally, we discuss the application of our main results in the research fields of ordinary differential equations.

MSC:47H10, 54H25.
Global dynamics of some systems of higher-order rational difference equations
Authors: Khan Abdul Qadeer , Qureshi Muhammad Naeem , Din Qamar
Published: December 2013

In the present work, we study the qualitative behavior of two systems of higher-order rational difference equations. More precisely, we study the local asymptotic stability, instability, global asymptotic stability of equilibrium points and rate of convergence of positive solutions of these systems. Our results considerably extend and improve some recent results in the literature. Some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results.

MSC:39A10, 40A05.
Evans syndrome associated with sterile inflammation of the central nervous system: a case report
Authors: Simon Ole Jan , Kuhlmann Tanja , Bittner Stefan , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Weigt Jochen , Wiendl Heinz , Meuth Sven G
Published: December 2013

Introduction

Evans syndrome is a rare hematological disease commonly defined as Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia. Pathophysiology of this disease involves decreased cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-helper cell counts, increased CD8+ T-suppressor cell counts, a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio, and reduced serum immunoglobulin G, M and A levels - indicating a complex immune dysregulation. Association with other autoimmune diseases has been described although involvement of the central nervous system has not been reported so far.

Case presentation

We here present a case of a 28-year-old woman of Turkish origin with progressive, disseminated, partly mass-forming lymphoplasmacellular infiltration (CD3+ and CD138+ cells) of the brain in association with Evans syndrome. No other central nervous system disorder could be identified on neuropathological evaluation. Although treatment with rituximab was effective to normalize erythrocyte and thrombocyte levels in her peripheral blood, it failed to dampen the inflammation in her central nervous system or prevent clinical progression. Initiation of treatment with cyclophosphamide resulted in stabilization of her central nervous system inflammation and the disease course.

Conclusions

The complex immune dysregulation resulting in the antibody-mediated pathologies that can be regarded as the cause of both lymphoplasmacellular encephalitis and Evans syndrome renders this association to be of clinical relevance for both neurologists and hematologists. Our experience also sheds light on the effectiveness of different treatments for both disorders and we advise clinicians to take a closer look when encountering a combination of peripheral blood diseases with affection of the central nervous system.
Comparison between laparotomy first versus angiographic embolization first in patients with pelvic fracture and hemoperitoneum: a nationwide observational study from the Japan Trauma Data Bank
Authors: Katsura Morihiro , Yamazaki Shin , Fukuma Shingo , Matsushima Kazuhide , Yamashiro Toshimitsu , Fukuhara Shunichi
Published: December 2013

Background

A common dilemma in the management of pelvic fractures is recognizing the presence of associated abdominal injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between initial therapeutic intervention (laparotomy or transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE)) and mortality.

Methods

This was a cohort study using the Japan Trauma Data Bank between 2004 and 2010, including blunt trauma patients with pelvic fractures and positive Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) results. Eligible patients were restricted to those who underwent laparotomy or TAE/angiography as the initial therapeutic intervention. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for in-hospital mortality were compared between the laparotomy first and TAE first groups (reference group). Multiple logistic regression analysis and propensity score adjusted analysis were used to adjust for clinically relevant confounders, including the severity of injury.

Results

Of the 317 participants, 123 patients underwent laparotomy first and 194 patients underwent TAE first. The two groups were similar in terms of age, although the laparotomy first group had higher mean Injury Severity Scores (ISS) and higher mean scores based on the abdominal Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), as well as lower mean pelvic AIS and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Half of the patients who were hypotensive (SBP < 90 mmHg) on arrival underwent TAE first. The laparotomy first group had a significantly higher crude in-hospital mortality (41% vs. 27%; P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounders, the choice of initial therapeutic intervention did not affect the in-hospital mortality (AOR, 1.20; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 0.61-2.39). Even in the limited subgroup of hypotensive patients (SBP 66–89 mmHg and SBP < 65 mmHg subgroup), the effect was similar (AOR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.56-4.05 and AOR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.44-3.03).

Conclusions

In Japan, laparotomy and TAE are equally chosen as the initial therapeutic intervention regardless of hemodynamic status. No significant difference was seen between the laparotomy first and TAE first groups regarding in-hospital mortality.
Dynamic Kisspeptin Receptor Trafficking Modulates Kisspeptin-Mediated Calcium Signaling
Authors: Min Le , Soltis Kathleen , Reis Ana Claudia S. , Xu Shuyun , Kuohung Wendy , Jain Manisha , Carroll Rona S. , Kaiser Ursula B.
Published: December 2013

Kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling plays a critical role in the regulation of reproduction. We investigated the role of kisspeptin-stimulated KISS1R internalization, recycling, and degradation in the modulation of KISS1R signaling. Kisspeptin stimulation of Chinese hamster ovary or GT1–7 cells expressing KISS1R resulted in a biphasic increase in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), with a rapid acute increase followed by a more sustained second phase. In contrast, stimulation of the TRH receptor, another Gq/11-coupled receptor, resulted in a much smaller second-phase [Ca2+]i response. The KISS1R-mediated second-phase [Ca2+]i response was abolished by removal of kisspeptin from cell culture medium. Notably, the second-phase [Ca2+]i response was also inhibited by dynasore, brefeldin A, and phenylarsine oxide, which inhibit receptor internalization and recycling, suggesting that KISS1R trafficking contributes to the sustained [Ca2+]i response. We further demonstrated that KISS1R undergoes dynamic ligand-dependent and -independent recycling. We next investigated the fate of the internalized kisspeptin-KISS1R complex. Most internalized kisspeptin was released extracellularly in degraded form within 1 hour, suggesting rapid processing of the internalized kisspeptin-KISS1R complex. Using a biotinylation assay, we demonstrated that degradation of cell surface KISS1R was much slower than that of the internalized ligand, suggesting dissociated processing of the internalized kisspeptin-KISS1R complex. Taken together, our results suggest that the sustained calcium response to kisspeptin is dependent on the continued presence of extracellular ligand and is the result of dynamic KISS1R trafficking.
ΔΟΜΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΣΚΛΗΡΟΦΥΛΛΙΑΣ ΣΕ ΑΕΙΦΥΛΛΑ ΕΙΔΗ ΤΗΣ "ΜΑΚΚΙΑΣ" ΒΛΑΣΤΗΣΗΣ
Authors: Χριστοδουλάκης Νίκος
Published: December 2013

ΜΟΡΦΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ, ΑΝΑΤΟΜΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΥΠΟΜΙΚΡΟΣΚΟΠΙΚΗ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΟΥ ΣΚΛΗΡΟΥ ΦΥΛΛΟΥ ΣΕ ΕΝΔΕΚΑ ΕΙΔΗ ΑΕΙΦΥΛΛΩΝ ΣΚΛΗΡΟΦΥΛΛΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΑΚΗΣ ΒΛΑΣΤΗΣΗΣ ΜΕ ΤΟ ΠΡΙΣΜΑ ΤΗΣ ΣΥΓΚΛΙΝΟΥΣΑΣ ΕΞΕΛΙΞΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΩΝ ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΙΚΩΝ ΠΡΟΣΑΡΜΟΓΗΣ ΤΟΥΣ ΚΑΤΩ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΣΥΝΘΗΚΕΣ ΤΟΥ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΑΚΟΥ ΚΛΙΜΑΤΟΣ.
ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΣΤΗ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ ΚΑΤΑ ΤΗΝ ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΣΙΜΗ ΗΛΙΚΙΑ
Authors: Στράμπης Γεώργιος
Published: December 2013

ΟΙ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΕΣ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ ΜΕΛΕΤΗΘΗΚΑΝ ΣΕ 4.139 ΑΤΟΜΑ ΤΗΣ ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΣΙΜΗΣ ΗΛΙΚΙΑΣ. 3.732 ΑΠΟ ΑΥΤΑ ΑΠΟΤΕΛΟΥΣΑΝ ΔΕΙΓΜΑ ΥΓΙΩΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΩΝ ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ, ΕΝΩ ΤΑ ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΑ 407 ΑΤΟΜΑ ΗΣΑΝ ΤΥΧΑΙΟ ΔΕΙΓΜΑ ΑΣΘΕΝΩΝ ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΩΝ ΜΕ ΡΙΝΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΠΝΕΥΣΤΙΚΗ ΔΥΣΧΕΡΕΙΑ. 88% ΤΟΥ ΥΓΙΟΥΣ ΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΟΣ ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑΖΑΝ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΙΣ ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΥ ΒΑΘΜΟΥ ΤΗΣ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΗΣ 'Η ΤΗΣ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ. 55% ΒΡΕΘΗΚΑΝ ΜΕ ΑΜΗΓΕΙΣ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΕΣ ΡΙΝΙΚΕΣ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΙΣ ΚΑΙ 5% ΜΕ ΑΜΙΓΕΙΣ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΕΣ, ΕΝΩ 28%, ΕΦΕΡΑΝ ΜΙΚΤΗ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΗ ΚΑΙ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΗ ΡΙΝΙΚΗ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΗ. Η ΠΙΟ ΣΥΧΝΗ ΕΝΤΟΠΙΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΗΣ ΡΙΝΙΚΗΣ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΗΣ ΗΤΑΝ ΤΟ ΚΑΤΩ ΤΡΙΤΗΜΟΡΙΟ ΤΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ (15%). ΗΠΑΡΕΚΚΛΙΝΟΥΣΑ, Η ΥΒΩΔΗΣ, Η ΠΛΑΤΙΑ ΚΑΙ Η ΕΦΙΠΠΙΟΕΙΔΗΣ ΜΥΤΗ ΒΡΕΘΗΚΑΝ ΝΑ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΤΑ ΣΥΧΝΟΤΕΡΑ ΕΙΔΗ ΤΩΝ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΩΝ ΡΙΝΙΚΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΩΝ. ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΤΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΕΣΩΤΕΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ ΟΙ ΔΙΑΦΡΑΓΜΑΤΙΚΕΣ ΥΠΕΡΤΕΡΟΥΣΑΝ ΕΝΩ ΑΥΤΕΣ ΤΟΥ ΕΔΑΦΟΥΣ ΤΩΝ ΡΙΝΙΚΩΝ ΘΑΛΑΜΩΝ ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟΥΣΑΝ ΜΕ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΑ ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΗ ΣΥΧΝΟΤΗΤΑ. ΟΙ ΑΜΙΓΕΙΣ ΠΡΟΒΟΛΕΣ ΤΟΥ ΡΙΝΙΚΟΥ ΔΙΑΦΡΑΓΜΑΤΟΣ-ΑΚΡΟΛΟΦΙΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΚΑΝΘΕΣ- ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΗΘΗΚΑΝ ΣΤΟ 20% ΤΩΝ ΥΓΙΩΝ, ΕΝΩ ΟΙ ΑΜΙΓΕΙΣ ΚΑΜΨΕΙΣ ΤΟΥ ΡΙΝΙΚΟΥ ΔΙΑΦΡΑΓΜΑΤΟΣ, ΗΤΑΝ ΤΡΙΠΛΑΣΙΕΣ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΠΡΟΒΟΛΕΣ ΤΟΥ, 33% ΕΦΕΡΑΝ ΠΑΡΕΚΤΟΠΙΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΟΥΡΑΙΟΥ ΠΕΡΑΤΟΣ ΤΟΥΤΟΥ ΚΑΙ 42% ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑΖΑΝ ΚΑΠΟΙΟ ΒΑΘΜΟ ΚΑΜΨΕΩΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΟΝΔΡΙΝΟΥ ΤΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΞΩΤΕΡΙΚΗΣ ΜΥΤΗΣ. ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΣΥΓΚΡΙΤΙΚΗ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΩΝ ΡΙΝΙΚΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΩΝ ΣΤΑ ΔΥΟ ΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΑ ΜΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΣΥΜΠΤΩΜΑΤΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΙΝΟΥΜΕ ΟΤΙ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ 40%, ΤΟΥ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ ΥΓΙΟΥΣ ΠΛΗΘΥΣΜΟΥ ΕΙΧΕ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΕΣ ΡΙΝΙΚΕΣ ΠΑΡΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΕΙΣ, ΟΙ ΟΠΟΙΕΣ ΣΤΟ ΜΕΛΛΟΝ ΘΑ ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΣΟΥΝ, ΕΝΔΕΧΟΜΕΝΩΣ, ΤΟΠΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΓΕΝΙΚΕΣ ΕΠΙΠΤΩΣΕΙΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΥΓΕΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ.
ΣΥΜΒΟΛΗ ΣΤΗ ΒΕΛΤΙΣΤΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΑΣΠΟΡΙΚΟΥ ΒΩΞΙΤΗ
Authors: Πασπαλιάρης Ιωάννης
Published: December 2013

ΤΟ ΑΡΓΙΛΙΟ ΣΤΟΥΣ ΒΩΞΙΤΕΣ ΕΜΦΑΝΙΖΕΤΑΙ ΣΕ ΤΡΙΑ ΔΙΑΦΟΡΕΤΙΚΑ ΟΡΥΚΤΑ: ΤΟ ΓΙΒΒΣΙΤΗ, ΤΟ ΒΟΕΜΙΤΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΟ ΔΙΑΣΠΟΡΟ. ΟΙ ΣΥΝΘΗΚΕΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΒΩΞΙΤΩΝ ΜΕ ΤΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟ BAYER ΕΞΑΡΤΩΝΤΑΙ ΑΠΟ ΤΗΝ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΛΟΓΙΚΗ ΣΥΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΒΩΞΙΤΗ. ΟΙ ΔΙΑΣΠΟΡΙΚΟΙ ΒΩΞΙΤΕΣ ΑΠΑΙΤΟΥΝ ΕΝΤΟΝΟΤΕΡΕΣ ΣΥΝΘΗΚΕΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗ ΑΠΟ ΤΟΥΣ ΑΛΛΟΥΣ ΤΥΠΟΥΣ ΒΩΞΙΤΩΝ. ΣΚΟΠΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗΣ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΕΙΝΑΙ Η ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΤΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΩΝ ΠΟΥ ΕΧΟΥΝ ΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΑΣΠΟΡΙΚΟΥ ΒΩΞΙΤΗ ΜΕ ΤΗ ΜΕΘΟΔΟ BAYER. ΟΙ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ ΠΟΥ ΜΕΛΕΤΗΘΗΚΑΝ ΕΙΝΑΙ: ΘΕΡΜΟΚΡΑΣΙΑ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ, ΣΥΓΚΕΝΤΡΩΣΗ ΣΕ ΚΑΥΣΤΙΚΟ ΝΑΤΡΙΟ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΑΛΥΜΑΤΟΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ ΣΤΕΡΕΩΝ, ΥΓΡΑ ΛΟΓΟΣ ΑΙ2Ο3/ΝΑ2Ο ΤΟΥ ΑΡΓΙΛΙΚΟΥ ΔΙΑΛΥΜΑΤΟΣ, ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΟΞΕΙΔΙΟΥ ΤΟΥ ΑΣΒΕΣΤΙΟΥ, ΚΑΙ ΧΡΟΝΟΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ. ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ ΠΟΥ ΑΠΟΔΕΙΧΤΗΚΕ ΟΤΙ ΕΧΟΥΝ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΗ ΕΠΙΔΡΑΣΗ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΠΟΔΟΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΥΠΩΘΗΚΕ ΕΝΑΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΙΚΟ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟ ΠΟΥ ΣΥΝΔΕΕΙ ΤΗΝ ΑΠΟΔΟΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΚΧΥΛΙΣΗΣ ΜΕ ΤΙΣ ΤΙΜΕΣ ΤΩΝ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΩΝ ΑΥΤΩΝ.
ΣΥΡΟΣ 1832-1857, ΣΤΑΥΡΟΔΡΟΜΙ ΤΗΣ ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗΣ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΟΥ
Authors: Καρδάσης Βασίλης
Published: December 2013

Η ΕΡΜΟΥΠΟΛΗ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΜΑ ΤΩΝ ΧΡΟΝΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΕΠΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΗΣ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ ΤΟ ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΤΕΡΟ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΚΟ ΚΕΝΤΡΟ ΤΟΥ ΑΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΥ. ΟΙ ΕΓΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΘΕΝΤΕΣ ΠΡΟΣΦΥΓΕΣ, ΧΙΩΤΕΣ ΣΤΗΝ ΠΛΕΙΟΨΗΦΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ, ΑΝΑΠΤΥΣΣΟΥΝ ΜΙΑ ΤΕΡΑΣΤΙΑ ΣΕ ΟΓΚΟ ΚΑΙ ΕΚΤΑΣΗ ΕΜΠΟΡΙΚΗ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΑ ΠΟΥ ΕΧΕΙ ΩΣ ΑΜΕΣΟ ΕΠΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΟ ΤΗΝ ΕΙΣΡΟΗ ΣΗΜΑΝΤΙΚΩΝ ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΓΟΡΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΜΟΥΠΟΛΗΣ. ΜΕ ΒΑΣΗ ΑΥΤΑ ΤΑ ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΑ ΠΟΥ ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ ΑΠΟ ΔΡΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΤΗΤΕΣ ΣΤΟ ΕΜΠΟΡΙΟ, ΑΝΑΠΤΥΣΣΟΝΤΑΙ ΠΑΡΑΛΛΗΛΑ ΚΑΙ ΑΛΛΟΙ ΤΟΜΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΤΟΠΙΚΗΣ ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ ΟΠΩΣ Η ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ, Η ΝΑΥΠΗΓΙΚΗ, ΒΥΡΣΟΔΕΨΕΙΑ. ΟΛΑ ΑΥΤΑ ΣΤΗΡΙΖΟΝΤΑΙ ΣΕ ΕΝΑ ΧΡΗΜΑΤΟΠΙΣΤΩΤΙΚΟ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑ "ΚΟΙΝΗΣ ΑΠΟΔΟΧΗΣ" ΓΙΑ ΤΟΥΣ ΕΜΠΟΡΟΥΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΡΜΟΥΠΟΛΗΣ ΠΟΥ ΧΑΡΑΚΤΗΡΙΖΕΤΑΙ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΧΑΛΑΡΕΣ ΕΓΓΥΗΣΕΙΣ ΤΩΝ ΔΑΝΕΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΤΟΒΡΑΧΥΠΡΟΘΕΣΜΟ ΧΡΟΝΟ ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΕΞΟΦΛΗΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΔΑΝΕΙΩΝ. ΑΥΤΟ ΤΟ ΣΥΣΤΗΜΑ ΕΡΧΕΤΑΙ ΝΑ ΑΜΦΙΣΒΗΤΗΣΕΙ Η ΕΘΝΙΚΗ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ ΜΕ ΤΟΝ ΚΛΑΔΟ ΤΗΣ ΣΤΟ ΝΗΣΙ, ΒΡΙΣΚΟΝΤΑΣ ΑΝΤΙΜΕΤΩΠΟΥΣΤΟΥΣ ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΙΑΚΟΥΣ ΠΙΣΤΩΤΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΤΕΣ.
ΠΟΡΕΙΕΣ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΕΩΣ ΚΑΙ ΗΜΙΣΥΝΘΕΣΕΩΣ ΝΕΩΝ ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟΤΙΚΩΝ 'Η ΑΝΑΛΟΓΩΝ ΤΟΥΣ
Authors: Κωνσταντίνου-Κόκοτου Βιολέττα
Published: December 2013

ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ 6'-Ν ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΩΝ ΝΕΑΜΙΝΗΣ ΜΕ H-RHE-OH, H-ALA-OH, H-LYS-OH Η ΕΝΑ ΣΤΑΔΙΟ, ΕΙΤΕ ΜΕΣΩ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΟΥ ΜΕ ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΗ ΜΟΝΟ ΤΗΝ 6' ΑΜΙΝΟΜΑΔΑ. ΕΛΕΓΧΟΣ ΑΝΤΙΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΑΚΗΣ ΔΡΑΣΗΣ. ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ ΜΟΝΟ ΚΑΙ ΔΙ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΩΝ-2-ΔΕΟΞΥΣΤΡΕΠΤΑΜΙΝΗΣ ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΜΟΝΤΑΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ ΑΜΙΝΟΚΥΚΛΙΤΟΛΟ -ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟΤΙΚΩΝ. ΟΛΙΚΗ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΑΝΤΙΒΙΟΤΙΚΟΥ 3-ΔΕΟΞΥΠΡΟΥΜΥΚΙΝΗ. ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ ΒΕΝΖΥΛΟΞΥ-ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΩΝ 2Η-ΠΥΡΑΝ-3-(6Η)-ΟΝΩΝ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΠΡΟΙΟΝΤΩΝ ΠΡΟΣΘΗΚΗΣ MICHAEL (ΑΖΙΔΙΟΥ-ΒΕΝΖΥΛΑΜΙΝΗΣ ΣΤΙΣ 2Η- ΠΥΡΑΝ-3(6Η)-ΑΝΕΣ. ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ 6-ΑΚΥΛΟΞΥ ΚΑΙ 6-ΑΚΥΛΑΜΙΝΟ ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΩΝ 2Η- ΠΥΡΑΝ-3(6Η)-ΟΝΩΝ. ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΟΠΤΙΚΩΝ ΑΝΤΙΠΟΔΩΝ ΡΑΚΑΜΙΑΚΩΝ 2Η- ΠΥΡΑΝ-3(6Η)-ΟΝΩ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ L ΚΑΙ D-ΑΚΟΥΛΟΖΗΣ ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΤΗΣ ΣΤΗ ΣΥΝΘΕΣΗ D ΚΑΙ L ΣΑΚΧΑΡΩΝ.
LUC DE BUZAU ET LES CENTRES DE COPIE DE MANUSCRIPTS GRECS EN MOLDOVALACHIE (XVIE-XVIIE SIECLE)
Authors: Ζουμπούλη Μαρία-Δέσποινα
Published: December 2013

Η ΓΡΑΦΗ ΚΑΙ Η ΚΩΔΙΚΟΛΟΓΙΑ ΜΙΑΣ ΣΥΓΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΗΣ ΟΜΑΔΑΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΩΝ ΧΕΙΡΟΓΡΑΦΩΝ, ΟΠΩΣΚΑΙ Η ΠΑΡΑΔΟΣΗ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΓΡΑΦΗΣ ΠΟΥ ΑΠΛΩΘΗΚΕ Σ'ΟΛΗ ΤΗΝ ΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΚΗ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΥΡΩΠΗΣ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΟΝΤΑΙ ΣΤΑ ΠΛΑΙΣΙΑ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗΣ. Η ΠΑΡΑΓΩΓΗ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΩΝ ΧΕΙΡΟΓΡΑΦΩΝ ΚΥΡΙΩΣ ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΚΩΝ ΣΤΗ ΜΟΛΔΟΒΛΑΧΙΑ ΤΟ 16 Ο ΚΑΙ 17 Ο ΑΙΩΝΑ ΑΙΤΙΟΛΟΓΕΙΤΑΙ ΩΣ ΕΝΑ ΙΔΙΑΙΤΕΡΟ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΚΟ ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟ. ΓΥΡΩ ΑΠΟ ΤΟ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟ ΤΗΣ ΚΑΛΛΙΓΡΑΦΙΑΣ ΛΟΥΚΑ ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΥ ΜΠΟΖΕΟΥ ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΗΘΗΚΕ ΕΝΑΣ ΣΤΕΝΟΣ ΚΥΚΛΟΣ ΜΑΘΗΤΩΝ-ΓΡΑΦΕΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΕΝΑΣ ΔΕΥΤΕΡΟΣ ΚΥΚΛΟΣ ΕΥΡΥΤΕΡΟΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΥΠΛΗΘΕΣΤΕΡΟΣ. Η ΚΑΤΑΓΩΓΗ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΓΡΑΦΗΣ ΤΟΠΟΘΕΤΕΙΤΑΙ ΤΟ 14 Ο ΑΙ.: ΟΙ ΓΡΑΦΕΙΣ ΤΗΣ ΣΧΟΛΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΟΔΗΓΩΝ (ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΥΠΟΛΗ) ΚΑΙΟ ΓΡΑΦΕΑΣ ΘΕΟΔΩΡΟΣ ΑΓΙΟΠΕΤΡΙΤΗΣ (ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΝΙΚΗ) ΑΠΟΤΕΛΟΥΝ ΤΟΥΣ ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΥΣ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΑΛΛΙΓΡΑΦΙΚΗΣ ΤΕΧΝΗΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ ΚΑΙ Ο ΚΥΠΡΙΟΣ ΓΡΑΦΕΑΣ ΤΟΥ 15 ΟΥ ΑΙ. ΑΜΒΡΟΣΙΟΣ. ΗΔΙΑΤΗΡΗΣΗ ΑΥΤΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΓΡΑΦΗΣ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΜΙΑ ΑΠΟΔΕΙΞΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΒΙΩΣΕΩΣ ΤΟΥ ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΝΟΥ ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΟΣ ΣΤΙΣ ΠΡΟΑΝΑΦΕΡΘΕΙΣΕΣ ΧΩΡΕΣ.
ΑΛΛΑΓΕΣ ΣΤΟ ΔΙΕΘΝΗ ΚΑΤΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΟ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΣΤΗ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ. Η ΘΕΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΕΜΠΟΡΙΚΟΥ ΣΤΟΛΟΥ
Authors: Θανοπούλου Ελένη
Published: December 2013

Ο ΣΚΟΠΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗΣ ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ ΤΩΝ ΑΛΛΑΓΩΝ ΣΤΟΔΙΕΘΝΗ ΚΑΤΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΟ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΣΤΗ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ ΜΕΤΑΠΟΛΕΜΙΚΑ ΚΑΙ ΤΩΝ ΜΕΤΑΒΟΛΩΝ ΤΗΣ ΘΕΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΕΜΠΟΡΙΚΟΥ ΣΤΟΛΟΥ. ΤΟ ΚΥΡΙΟ ΘΕΩΡΗΤΙΚΟ ΣΥΜΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ ΑΦΟΡΑ ΤΗΝ ΥΠΑΡΞΗ ΜΙΑΣ ΑΛΛΗΛΟΤΡΟΦΟΔΟΤΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ ΣΧΕΣΗΣ ΜΕΤΑΞΥ ΤΗΣ ΠΑΡΑΤΑΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΕΠΙΤΑΣΗΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΣΗΣ ΣΤΙΣ ΝΑΥΛΑΓΟΡΕΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΣ ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗΣ ΕΙΣΟΔΟΥ ΛΙΓΩΤΕΡΟ ΑΝΕΠΤΥΓΜΕΝΩΝ ΧΩΡΩΝ ΣΤΗ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ. Ο ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΑΣ ΤΗΣ ΕΓΚΑΙΡΗΣ 'Η ΜΗ ΕΞΕΙΔΙΚΕΥΣΗΣ ΣΤΙΣ ΚΥΡΙΕΣ ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΕΣ ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΕΣ ΧΩΡΗΤΙΚΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΕΞΕΤΑΖΕΤΑΙ ΚΑΙ ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΕΤΑΙ ΚΑΘΟΡΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ ΜΕΤΑΠΟΛΕΜΙΚΑ ΓΙΑ ΤΗ ΘΕΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΩΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΟΥΣΙΑ ΧΩΡΩΝ ΟΟΣΑ- ΣΤΗΝ ΠΑΓΚΟΣΜΙΑ ΙΕΡΑΡΧΙΑ ΟΠΩΣ ΚΑΙΓΙΑ ΤΟΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟ ΣΤΟΛΟ Ο ΟΠΟΙΟΣ ΣΤΗΡΙΧΘΗΚΕ ΚΥΡΙΩΣ ΣΤΟ ΕΥΝΟΙΚΟ ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟ ΚΟΣΤΟΣ. ΟΜΩΣ ΣΤΗ ΣΥΝΕΧΕΙΑ ΣΤΙΣ ΣΥΝΘΗΚΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΚΡΙΣΗΣ ΑΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΕΤΑΙ ΑΝΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ, ΟΠΩΣ ΚΑΙ Η ΠΡΟΣΦΥΓΗ ΣΤΙΣ ΣΗΜΑΙΕΣ ΕΥΚΟΛΙΑΣ, ΣΤΟ ΝΑ ΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΕΙ ΤΗΝ ΑΝΟΔΟ ΤΩΝ ΑΝΑΠΤΥΣΣΟΜΕΝΩΝ ΧΩΡΩΝ ΚΑΙ ΣΤΙΣ ΠΛΕΟΝ ΕΞΕΙΔΙΚΕΥΜΕΝΕΣ ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΙΕΣ ΧΩΡΗΤΙΚΟΤΗΤΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΤΗΝ ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΗΓΕΜΟΝΙΚΗΣ ΘΕΣΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΑΝΕΠΤΥΓΜΕΝΩΝ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΩΝ ΥΨΗΛΩΤΕΡΟΥ ΚΟΣΤΟΥΣ. Η ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗ ΣΗΜΑΙΑ ΧΑΡΗ ΠΑΛΙ ΣΤΟ ΣΥΓΚΡΙΤΙΚΑ ΧΑΜΗΛΩΤΕΡΟ ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟ ΚΟΣΤΟΣ ΑΝΤΙΣΤΑΘΗΚΕ ΕΠΙΤΥΧΗΜΕΝΑ ΩΣ ΤΙΣ ΑΡΧΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΔΕΚΑΕΤΙΑΣ ΤΟΥ 80 ΑΛΛΑ Η ΕΠΟΜΕΝΗ ΥΦΕΣΗ ΟΔΗΓΗΣΕ ΣΤΗ ΣΥΡΡΙΚΝΩΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΝΗΟΛΟΓΙΟΥ ΚΑΙ Η ΑΥΞΗΜΕΝΗ ΣΥΓΚΡΙΤΙΚΑ ΑΝΤΙΣΤΑΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΗΣ ΠΛΟΙΟΚΤΗΣΙΑΣ ΠΛΕΟΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΚΡΙΣΗ ΕΓΙΝΕ ΔΥΝΑΤΗ ΜΕΣΩ ΤΗΣ ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗΣ ΣΤΑ ΑΝΟΙΚΤΑ ΝΗΟΛΟΓΙΑ. Η ΑΝΑΚΑΜΨΗ ΣΗΜΑΤΟΔΟΤΗΣΕ ΚΑΠΟΙΑ ΑΝΟΔΟ ΤΟΥ ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΟΥ ΝΗΟΛΟΓΙΟΥ ΚΑΘΩΣ ΕΠΙΣΗΣ ΤΗ ΣΤΑΘΕΡΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΔΙΕΘΝΟΥΣ ΚΑΤΑΜΕΡΙΣΜΟΥ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ ΣΤΗ ΝΑΥΤΙΛΙΑ ΕΝΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΑΣ ΤΗΝ ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΘΕΩΡΗΤΙΚΗ ΥΠΟΘΕΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗΣ.
The Wisdom of Competitive Crowds
Authors: Lichtendahl Kenneth C. , Grushka-Cockayne Yael , Pfeifer Phillip E.
Published: December 2013

When several individuals are asked to forecast an uncertain quantity, they often face implicit or explicit incentives to be the most accurate. Despite the desire to elicit honest forecasts, such competition induces forecasters to report strategically and nontruthfully. The question we address is whether the competitive crowd's forecast (the average of strategic forecasts) is more accurate than the truthful crowd's forecast (the average of truthful forecasts from the same forecasters). We analyze a forecasting competition in which a prize is awarded to the forecaster whose point forecast is closest to the actual outcome. Before reporting a forecast, we assume each forecaster receives two signals: one common and one private. These signals represent the forecasters' past shared and personal experiences relevant for forecasting the uncertain quantity of interest. In a set of equilibrium results, we characterize the nature of the strategic forecasts in this game. As the correlation among the forecasters' private signals increases, the forecasters switch from using a pure to a mixed strategy. In both cases, forecasters exaggerate their private information and thereby make the competitive crowd's forecast more accurate than the truthful crowd's forecast.
Analysis of Deterministic LP-Based Booking Limit and Bid Price Controls for Revenue Management
Authors: Jasin Stefanus , Kumar Sunil
Published: December 2013

We study the performance of two popular and widely used heuristics for revenue management known as the booking limit and bid price controls. In contrast to a recent result in the literature where frequent re-solvings of a certain heuristic are shown to significantly reduce revenue loss, we show that the asymptotic revenue loss of either booking limit or bid price control cannot be reduced regardless of the choice of re-solving times and the frequency of re-solving. Moreover, we also show that further variations within the policy classes, such as nested instead of partition booking limit, or certainty equivalent instead of additive bid price, are simply indistinguishable in terms of their order of revenue loss under frequent re-solvings. This negative result highlights the limitation of re-solving deterministic linear programs when the solution is interpreted as either a booking limit or a bid price. Finally, we briefly discuss how to modify the traditional booking limit control to make it more responsive to frequent re-solvings and test its performance using numerical experiments.
Islamic Ethical Investment as Mechanism to Mitigate Agency Conflict: An Empirical Study in Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Hanafi Syafiq M.
Published: December 2013

This paper attempts to investigate whether Ethical Investment (EI) could reduce the role of dividend and debt in reducing agency conflict between controlling and public shareholders in Indonesia. I investigate market reaction when EI and Non-EI stocks announce dividend payments, dividend non-payments, and bond issuance. I also investigate the effect of EI and the interaction between EI and dividend and between EI and debt on company’s value. The smaller market reaction shows that EI stocks contain less surprise, since EI stocks are able to reduce information asymmetry, and increase trust among investors. The empirical results show that market reaction for debt issuance is less positive for EI stocks than for Non-EI stocks. Regression analysis shows that EI strengthens the role of debt in increasing company’s value. The role of EI in reducing agency conflict seems to have multi-dimensions. Event studies show that debt could be used as a substitute for debt in reducing agency conflict, but regression result shows that EI complements debt in reducing agency conflicts, and increases company’s value. Overall I conclude that EI provide an important role as mechanisms to reduce agency conflict, and increase company’s value.

 [Artikel ini menelisik apakah Ethical Investment (EI) dapat mengurangi peran dividen dan bunga dalam menekan konflik perusahaan antara manajer dan pemilik saham publik di Indonesia. Reaksi pasar akan dilihat ketika stok EI dan non-EI mengumumkan dividen dibayarkan, dividen tidak dibayarkan, dan bon pengeluaran. Hal lain yang juga dilihat adalah pengaruh dari EI dan interaksi antara EI dan dividen serta antara EI dan hutang pada nilai perusahaan. Reaksi pasar yang lebih kecil menunjukkan bahwa stok EI tidak banyak mengejutkan, karena stok EI dapat mengurangi ketidaksinkronan informasi sekaligus meningkatkan kepercayaan investor. Analisis lapangan menunjukkan bahwa pengumuman tentang hutang perusahaan memiliki dampak kurang positif pada stok EI daripada non- EI. Sedangkan analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa EI memperkuat peran hutang dalam meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Sementara itu, peran EI dalam menekan konflik perusahaan tampak memiliki banyak dimensi. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan pula bahwa EI memiliki peran yang cukup penting dalam mekanisme untuk menekan agency conflict dan meningkatkan nilai perusahaan.]
Germ cell loss is associated with fading Lin28a expression in a mouse model for Klinefelter's syndrome
Authors: Werler Steffi , Demond Hannah , Damm Oliver S , Ehmcke Jens , Middendorff Ralf , Gromoll Jörg , Wistuba Joachim
Published: December 2013

Klinefelter's syndrome is a male sex-chromosomal disorder (47,XXY), causing hypogonadism, cognitive and metabolic deficits. The majority of patients are infertile due to complete germ cell loss after puberty. As the depletion occurs during development, the possibilities to study the underlying causes in humans are limited. In this study, we used the 41,XXY*mouse model to characterise the germ line postnatally. We examined marker expression of testicular cells focusing on the spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and found that the number of germ cells was approximately reduced fivefold at day 1pp in the 41,XXY*mice, indicating the loss to start prenatally. Concurrently, immunohistochemical SSC markers LIN28A and PGP9.5 also showed decreased expression on day 1pp in the 41,XXY*mice (48.5 and 38.9% of all germ cells were positive), which dropped to 7.8 and 7.3% on 3dpp, and were no longer detectable on days 5 and 10pp respectively. The differences in PCNA-positive proliferating cells in XY* and XXY*mice dramatically increased towards day 10pp. The mRNA expression of the germ cell markersLin28a(Lin28),Pou5f1(Oct4),Utf1,Ddx4(Vasa),Dazl, andFapb1(Sycp3) was reduced and theLin28aregulating miRNAs were deregulated in the 41,XXY*mice. We suggest a model for the course of germ cell loss starting during the intrauterine period. Neonatally, SSC marker expression by the already lowered number of spermatogonia is reduced and continues fading during the first postnatal week, indicating the surviving cells of the SSC population to be disturbed in their stem cell characteristics. Subsequently, the entire germ line is then generally lost when entering meiosis.
Speed of Invasion of an Expanding Population by a Horizontally Transmitted Trait
Authors: Venegas-Ortiz Juan , Allen Rosalind J , Evans Martin R
Published: December 2013

Range expansions are a ubiquitous phenomenon, leading to the spatial spread of genetic, ecological, and cultural traits. While some of these traits are advantageous (and hence selected), other, nonselected traits can also spread by hitchhiking on the wave of population expansion. This requires us to understand how the spread of a hitchhiking trait is coupled to the wave of advance of its host population. Here, we use a system of coupled Fisher-Kolmogorov-Petrovsky-Piskunov (F-KPP) equations to describe the spread of a horizontally transmitted hitchhiking trait within a population as it expands. We extend F-KPP wave theory to the system of coupled equations to predict how the hitchhiking trait spreads as a wave within the expanding population. We show that the speed of this trait wave is controlled by an intricate coupling between the tip of the population and trait waves. Our analysis yields a new speed selection mechanism for coupled waves of advance and reveals the existence of previously unexpected speed transitions.
Abdominal and Lower Back Pain in Pediatric Idiopathic Stabbing Headache
Authors: Kakisaka Yosuke , Ohara Tomoichiro , Hino-Fukuyo Naomi , Uematsu Mitsugu , Kure Shigeo
Published: December 2013

Idiopathic stabbing headache (ISH) is a primary headache syndrome characterized by transient, sharp, stabbing pains located in the first division of the trigeminal nerve. Reports of pediatric ISH are rare, and extracephalic pain in pediatric ISH is extremely rare. Here we report the case of a 7-year-old male patient suffering from frequent, short, stabbing headache, which was occasionally associated with abdominal and lower back pain. Various investigations were normal. He was diagnosed with ISH, and valproic acid was administered to relieve his headache and accompanying symptoms. Our case demonstrates that abdominal and lower back pain may occur in pediatric ISH. This case may provide new evidence linking ISH and migraine by showing that extracephalic symptoms accompanying ISH are similar to those of migraine. We hypothesize that the mechanism underlying the headache and abdominal and lower back pain associated with ISH may be similar to that of a migraine headache. Accumulating additional cases by asking specific questions regarding the presence of the unusual symptoms presented in our case may help to establish a detailed clinical profile of these unfamiliar and peculiar symptoms in the pediatric ISH population.