bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Blood Biochemical Profiles in Algerian Rabbits of the Semi-arid Region of Aures (Algeria) At Different Physiological Stages
Authors: Souad Moumen , Souhila Belkadi , Chahrazed Bouchareb , Hamida Adjroud
Published: January 2021

Background: In recent years, several works have examined the reproductive traits of Algerian local population rabbit does but no standardization study has been done on the plasmatic parameters of this population of rabbits reared in the Aures region during their different physiological stages. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of these on certain blood parameters in local rabbit does. Methods: The rabbit does (n=120) were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups; Empty (E), Pregnant (P), Pregnant lactating (P-L) and Lactating (L). Does were first mated at the age of 16.5 weeks with an average body weight of 3107.1 ± 53.5g and with body condition scoring (BCS) of loin and rump ranging from 2 to 3 on a scale of 1- 5 following a 42-day rhythm. Four blood samples were collected from females of five rabbits in each group viz. E, P, P-L and L respectively. Result: Milk yield differs significantly (p less than 0.05) between the two experimental groups (P-L and L). Litter size and litter weight of does at birthing was higher (p less than 0.01) in L group than in P and P-L groups. That the mean levels glucose in non-pregnant group recorded as 0.22±0.04g/l which was increased 3rd week of pregnancy (0.65± 0.1 g/l followed by low mean value 0.35+0.2g/l and 0.4+0.1g/l at pregnant lactating and lactating stages of experimental rabbits. The lowest level of protein was recorded in the second week of pregnancy (p less than 0.05). The increase in total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations in lactating group might be physiological. Concerning total lipids, there was a strong mobilization of body fat in pregnant females (97 mg/dl ± 0.10; p less than 0.05). However, a marked decrease (p less than 0.05) was recorded in cholesterolemia in lactating females. Regarding triglyceridemia, we have recorded a significant raise (37.7 ± 35.6; p less than 0.001) in pregnant females. The creatinine value recorded was close to the physiological norms 1.3-2.7 mg/dl vs 1.08 -0. 92 mg/dl. T3 plasma levels were lower (p less than 0.05) in lactating females’ group. Pregnant and lactating does showed an increase (p less than 0.05) of leptin level. The higher (p less than 0.05) progesterone levels in pregnant and pregnant-lactating does than its concentrations in empty and lactating does might be attributed to maintaining pregnancy. Therefore, the current study confirms that the analysis of metabolites represents a good tool to understand the physiological mechanisms.
Socio Economic Status of the Goat Farmers in Fringe Villages of Western Ghat in Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Srinivasan G. , Roopa K.
Published: January 2021

Background: Goat farming is highly viable and Virudhunagar district of Tamil Nadu has 10 blocks out of which three blocks are situated in the foot hills of Western Ghat. There are no data available regarding Socio economic status of Goat farmers residing in foothill region of western ghat. Hence, this study was aimed to study the Socio economic status of Goat farmers in fringe villages of Western Ghat in Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu. Methods: Three blocks are situated in the foot hills of Western Ghat. In each block, three fringe villages near to the Western Ghat were selected randomly. In each village, 30 goat farmers were selected randomly, a total of 270 farmers were selected randomly and data were collected by personal interview through pre tested questionnaire. Result: Most of the goat farmers were between 35 to 50 years of age, owned house, lived as nucleus family, 86% of them were landless. Most of them were illiterate and not exposed to training centre. Hence, it is suggested that government or any other agency take necessary steps to expose them to scientific farming which will improve their socio economic status.
An Evaluation of Zinc Sulphate Toxicity on Protein, Amino Acid and Transaminase Levels in Freshwater Fish, Channa striata (bloch)
Authors: Reddy P. Pandari , Devi G. Sunitha
Published: January 2021

Background: Heavy metals may adversely affect the aquatic flora and fauna. Industrial effluents contributing heavy metals on entering into aquatic environment causes biochemical alterations in the fish. Heavy metals are natural components of the aquatic environment, but heavy metal levels have increased due to anthropogenic sources like industrial effluents, agricultural runoff and wastes of mining activities. All the pollutants affect the physicochemical characteristics of the water bodies, sediment and biological components and thus the quality and quantity of fish stocks. Methods: The present study was to assess the protein, amino acid, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels in muscle and liver tissues of Channa striata, exposure to sublethal (15, 20 and 30 mg/L) concentrations of zinc sulphate for the period of 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. Protein levels were estimated by Lowry et al. (1951). Method free amino acids were estimated by Moore and Stein (1954). Method the enzymes ALT and AST were estimated by the strategy of Rietman and Frankel (1957) as described by Bergmeyer (1965). Result: The fish exposed to zinc sulphate showed a decrease in the protein levels and increase in the amino acid, AST and ALT levels for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days in muscle and liver tissues. The observed mean data were statistically significant at P less than 0.05 of Student's ‘t’ test. The present study indicated alterations in biochemical parameters of Channa striata due to intoxication of zinc sulphate.
Shelf Life Studies of Seed Coat Formulation of Rhizobium and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) for Pulses - A New Perspective in Biofertilizer Technology
Authors: Kumutha K. , Devi R. Parimala , Marimuthu P. , Krishnamoorthy R.
Published: January 2021

Background: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Rhizobium are beneficial plant partners exhibiting mutual association with crop plants. Conventional carrier based formulation has lesser population and limited shelf life. Present study was aimed to evaluate and to assess the shelf life in new formulation as well as in coated seeds under storage. Methods: Three experiments are conducted in this study. Population of Rhizobium and AM fungi spore count were assessed in newer seed coat formulation under room temperature storage. Secondly survival of these organisms on the coated seeds of blackgram and greengram were evaluated. In third experiment the coated seeds stored for different duration were evaluated for germination, growth and vigour index. Result: Rhizobial population was maintained at 1011 g-1 and AM spore load was 900-1000 spores g-1 up to one year of storage. AM spore count was also found sufficient up to 9 months of storage in coated seeds of both crops. Growth and vigour index were significantly enhanced in inoculated plants over uninoculated control. From the study, it was evident that these formulations can be stored upto one year at room temperature without any loss in viable count and can be used for seed coating.
AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis for G×E Interaction of Wheat Genotypes under Different Irrigation and Sowing Condition
Authors: Dolhey Ragini , Kandalkar V.S.
Published: January 2021

Background: AMMI analysis showed that genotype, environment and genotype-environment interaction had a highly significant variation for 20 wheat genotypes analyzed over four environments. ASV ranking revealed G15 (RVW-4275) as a stable genotype while G3 (RVW-4263) and G9 (RVW-4269) as unstable genotypes. GGE biplot analysis for environment interrelationship revealed that E1 (Irrigated timely sown), E2 (Restricted irrigation timely sown) were correlated forming one group and E3 (Irrigated late sown), E4 (Restricted irrigation late sown) were correlated forming another group. Polygon view showed that G9 (RVW-4269) was found stable and better performing in E1, G12 (RVW-4272) was stable under the E2 environment and G3 (RVW-4263) was stable in E3. Ideal genotype graph with concentric circles having ideal genotype at the center and genotypes G12(RVW-4272), G18(RVW-4278), G13(RVW-4273), G11(RVW-4271), G10 (RVW4270) present in a concentric circle close to the center can to considered as stable and desirable genotypes. Methods: In the present study the plant material comprised of 20 wheat genotypes. These genotypes were randomly allocated in different replication under different environmental condition. The field trial was evaluated at four different environments viz., E1- Irrigated timely sown, E2- Restricted irrigation is timely sown (RI- 2 irrigation), E3- Irrigated late sown, E4- Restricted irrigation late sown during Rabi season of 2016-2017 at research farms, college of agriculture, Gwalior, MP. The genotype main effects and genotype × environment interaction effects (GGE) model and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model were two statistical approaches used to determine stable genotype in R software. Result: Highly significant difference was seen for genotype and G×E interaction in our study, revealing that genotype yield output was highly impacted by G×E. In all four environments and G3, G9 as unstable genotypes in all four environments, ASV ranking revealed G15 as a stable genotype. For further breeding, these genotypes G12, G18, G13, G11, G2, G10 and G15 may be used to grow genotypes adapted to conditions of partial irrigation or drought stress.
Optimizing Application of Biochar Amendment for Nitrogen use Efficiency in Upland Rice under Melaleuca cajuputi Stands
Authors: Faridah E. , Suryanto P. , Nurjanto H.H. , Putra E.T.S. , Falah M.D. , Widyawan M.H. , Alam T.
Published: January 2021

Background: The main problem in nitrogen fertilization for crop cultivated is the very low efficiency due to the leaching process. The purpose of this study was to the determination of the optimum levels of biochar amendment made from Melaleuca cajuputi biochar (MCB) and urea fertilizer (UF) for nitrogen use efficiency in upland rice under M. cajuputi stands. Methods: The study was conducted during dry season within March to June 2019 in Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The experimental design was laid out in a randomized complete block design factorial with three replications as the response surface methodology (RSM). The treatments consisted of MCB levels (0, 5, 10, 15 tons ha-1) and UF levels (0, 100, 200, 300 kg ha-1) as independent variables. The observation parameters were nitrate reductase activity (NRA), total chlorophyll (TC), leaf photosynthesis rate (LPR), nitrogen loss (NL), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and seed yield (SY). The data was analyzed using RSM approach and ridge regression. Result: The optimizing applications of 11.14 tons ha-1 of MCB and 281.13 kg ha-1 of UF resulted in NUE and SY by 2.14 kg grain kg Nfertilizer-1 and 5.83 tons ha-1 or increased by 19.07% and 13.02%, compared to a single application of UF by 300 kg ha-1.
Determination of Genetic Parameters of Seed Characteristics in Edible Soybean
Authors: Sulistyo Apri , . Purwantoro , Mejaya Made Jana , Nugrahaeni Novita , . Suhartina
Published: January 2021

Background: Knowledge about genetic parameters can help plant breeders to determine which selection criteria are beneficial. This study aims to estimate the genetic parameters of soybean seed characteristics. Methods: A total of 91 soybean lines from three different populations were evaluated during dry season in 2016. All genetic material used was grown following a randomized complete block design with two replicates. Soybean pods were harvested after 90% of the leaves had yellowed or fallen. The characteristics of the seeds observed included length, width, thickness and weight of 100 seeds. Result: The results showed that there were two seed shapes (round and ellipse) and two seed sizes (large and medium). There is a broad genetic variability of soybean seed characteristics. Heritability broad sense varies from 0.42 to 0.84, classified as moderate (length-width ratio) to high (length, width, thickness, length-thickness ratio, width-thickness ration and weight of 100 seeds). This therefore shows that there is an opportunity to improve the characters of soybean seeds. The length, width, thickness, ratio of the three characters and the weight of 100 seeds can be used as selection criteria in a soybean breeding program to obtain large-seeded soybeans with a round or elliptical shape.
Pod Positions on the Plant Associated with Pod Shattering Resistance in Soybean Genotypes
Authors: Krisnawati A. , Soegianto A. , Waluyo B. , Adie M.M. , Mejaya M.J. , . Kuswanto
Published: January 2021

Background: One of the major constraints of soybean production in Indonesia is pod shattering which occurs after soybean pod maturity. This study aimed to identify the pod shattering resistance of different pod positions in the plant stem. Methods: Sixteen genotypes were evaluated in the field research during the dry season 2019. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replicates. Ten sample plants were randomly taken after R8 phase. Plant was divided into three parts, i.e. upper part, middle part and lower part. The shattering evaluation was done using the oven-dry method in the laboratory. The observation on the number of shattered pods was measured for each part of plant stem. Result: Pod shattering was different among the pod positions as well as among genotypes. One genotype was categorized as resistant, eight genotypes were moderate, six genotypes were susceptible and one genotype was highly susceptible. The highest percentage of the shattered pods was in the lower part of the plant stem, followed by the middle and upper part, respectively. The resistant genotypes showed the shattered pods mostly in the lower part of the stem, the moderate genotypes showed the shattered pods mostly in the lower and middle part of the stem and the susceptible genotypes shattered in all part of the stem.
ГОВОРНИ ЧИН ОБЕЋАЊА У АПОДОЗИ КОНДИЦИОНАЛНИХ РЕЧЕНИЦА
Authors: Шафер Марина Ј.
Published: January 2021

У раду се испитују кондиционалне реченице чија аподоза има вредност говорног чина обећања. Посматра се и комуникативна функција протазе – у неким примерима (1) то је индиректни директив, молба/ предлог/ препорука и сл., и такве конструкције одликује погађање између адресата и адресанта, док се у другим примерима (2) протазом само описује каква ситуација, повољна за остварење обећања (а тиме и за саговорника), односно проблемска ситуација коју ће говорник решити. Даје се осврт и на синтаксичко-семантичке карактеристике овакве кондиционалне реченице. За корпус су одабране домаће телевизијске серије различитих жанрова (хумористички, драмски и криминалистички), а потом и бајке Гроздане Олујић и Десанке Максимовић. Протазни предикат у највећем броју примера оформљен је презентом глагола перфективног вида, док је аподозни предикат најчешће у облику футура првог. Иако протаза препонована аподози одсликава логички условно-последични след, у ексцерпираним примерима прилично је фреквентан и обрнут редослед – аподоза заузима прву позицију.
Toxicité du chlorpyrifos chez des chèvres de Nubie
Authors: Mohamed O.S.A. , Eldirdiri N.I. , Karrar M.A. , Adam S.E.I.
Published: January 2021

L'administration par voie orale de chlorpyrifos à des chèvres de Nubie, aux doses de 1200, 600, 300 mg/kg, a occasionné des troubles nerveux et la mort au bout de 15 minutes à deux jours. Une dose orale de 150 mg/kg a été toxique mais non fatale pour les chèvres. Les animaux ayant reçu du chlorpyrifos, par voie orale, à des doses journalières de 300, 150 et 75 mg/kg, ont montré des signes de toxicité et sont morts aprés deux à sept jours de traitement. Les modifications pathologiques, biochimique s et hématologiques sont décrites dans cette étude.
Cinétique des anticorps après traitement trypanocide chez des bovins infectés expérimentalement ou naturellement. Intérêt épidémiologique
Authors: Bocquentin R. , Very P. , Duvallet Gérard
Published: January 2021

La cinétique des anticorps anti-trypanosomes a été étudiée en immunofluorescen ce indirecte (IFI) et en ELISA chez des bovins infectés expérimentalement par Trypanosoma congolense ou naturellement dans une zone à forte pression glossinaire. Les anticorps ne sont plus décelables dans le plasma des animaux 4 mois après le traitement en utilisant la technique ELISA et 6 mois après en utilisant la technique IFI. Ces résultats présentent un intérêt épidémiologique. En effet, il apparaît possible d'affirmer que des sérums positifs correspondent à des infections actives, en l'absence de réaction croisée, s'il n'y a pas eu de traitement trypanocide depuis 4 ou 6 mois, selon la technique utilisée.
Etude de l'épidémiologie des maladies animales en Afrique : stratégies d'approche et rôle des laboratoires vétérinaires
Authors: Domenech Joseph
Published: January 2021

L'étude de l'épidémiologie des maladies animales en Afrique ne doit être envisagée que si les laboratoires vétérinaires de diagnostic et les structure s de développment de l'élevage sur le terrain sont pleinement opérationnels. Chacune des activités habituelles des laboratoires peut représenter une voie d'approche utilisable pour cette étude. Le diagnostic courant, les interventions dans les foyers, les enquêtes rétrospectives et prospectives apportent leur part de résultats, avec leurs avantages et leurs limites, et sont devenus indissociables pour une meilleure connaissance épidémiologiqu e des maladies animales. Compte tenu des difficultés rencontrées en Afrique, il est conseillé de choisir des voies d'approche mixtes qui, tout en cumulant les aspects positifs de chacune d'entre elles, permettent de mieux rentabilise r les tournées effectuées sur le terrain. En attendant que de nouvelles techniques rendent le diagnostic décentralisé possible, le laboratoire vétérinaire doit jouer en Afrique en rôle déterminant.
Étude d’un cas d’infection à Thelazia chez une génisse âgée de 15 mois à Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Salifu D.A. , Haruna E S. , Makinde A.A. , Ajayi S.T.
Published: January 2021

Un cas d'infection oculaire chez une génisse, avec cécité bilatérale, opacité de la cornée, larmoiement excessif et jetage nasal, a été rapporté. Une guérison complète a été obtenue après un traitement de 6 à 10 gouttes d'une solution de lévamisole à 10 p. 100. Un total de 127 animaux adultes a recouvré la vue.
Influence de la castration tardive à 12 mois d'âge sur les performances d'embouche des béliers Poulfouli de l'extrême Nord du Cameroun
Authors: Thys Eric , DeWilde R. , Hardouin Jacques , Verhulst A.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs décrivent une expérience de castration tardive à la pince de Burdizzo effectuée sur des béliers de race Poulfouli (apparentée à la race Djallonké) âgés de 12 mois. Il s'agit d'une embouche de type court. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés avec les données de la littérature et une expérience personnelle antérieure d'embouche longue d'animaux de la même race après castration à l'âge de 6,5 mois. Une croissance ralentie et une conversion alimentaire médiocre se vérifient également chez les animaux castrés à cet âge. L'influence de la durée de l'embouche sur l'écart de croissance est également confirmée. Néanmoins, dans les conditions de l'expérience, on constate que cet écart est déjà bien marqué après 90 jours. Retarder le moment de la castration des béliers destinés à l'embouch e ne semble pas apporter une amélioration des paramètres étudiés. L'interventi on apparaît plus traumatisante à cet âge avancé.
Infection expérimentale par Salmonella typhimurium sur des chèvres Rousse de Sokoto
Authors: Otesile E.B. , Ahmed G. , Adetosoye A.I.
Published: January 2021

Une infection expérimentale à Salmonella typhimurium a été provoquée expérimentalement chez des chèvres par administration orale de 2 x 10 puissance 10 organismes. La maladie s'est manifestée par de la fièvre, de la diarrhée et une leucocytose à neutrophiles. Une chèvre est morte de septicémie. Des agglutinines somatiques de type "O" ont été décelées dès le 14e jour de l'infection et l'excrétion des salmonelles dans les fèces a cessé 6 semaines après l'infection. Les chèvres qui ont surmonté l'infection primaire ont résisté à une deuxième épreuve avec 2 x 10 puissance 11 organismes. Les résultats montrent qu'en l'absence de signes cliniques de mauvaise santé, la détection des neutrophiles et des agglutinines "O", et l'isolation des salmonelles à partir des fèces constituent la preuve d'une infection récente.
Streptocoques décelés dans la mamelle de vaches laitières dans des troupeaux de province de Khartoum, Sudan
Authors: Hashim N.S. , El Nasri M. , Yassin T.E.M.
Published: January 2021

Cinq cent soixante dix neuf échantillons de lait prélevés sur les vaches laitières de 7 fermes de la région du Nord Cameroun et d'une ferme de Omdurman ont été examinés pour déceler la présence de streptocoques. Cent quatre vingt treize (33,33 p. 100) isolats ont été trouvés et provisoire ment identifiés au vu des caractéristiques biologiques et des réactions biochimique s comme étant : S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, S. faecalis, S. faecium, S. bovis, S. equi, S. lactis et S. uberis. Cinquante sept isolats identifiés de cette façon ont été testés par l'épreuve d'agglutination sur latex pour déterminer les groupes sérologiq ues : 39 souches appartenaient au groupe B et 3 au groupe C. Quatre souches ont réagi faiblement à l'antisérum du groupe D et ont été identifiées par test biochimique comme étant S. uberis. Deux isolats n'ont pas pu être identifiés par le sérum disponible. C'est la première fois que S. uberis, S. bovis, S. equi, S. lactis, S. faecalis, S. faecium et S. pyogenes sont isolés de vaches au Soudan.
Relation entre densité glossinienne et trypanosomose bovine : le cas d'un élevage en ranching de bétail N'Dama (Louboulou, Congo)
Authors: Gouteux J.P. , Okamba Osseke F. , Sinda D.
Published: January 2021

Les auteurs rapportent les résultats d'une enquête entomo-parasitologi que dans le ranch d'Etat de la Louboulou (région de la Bouenza, du Congo). Les densités glossiniennes moyennes observées sur plus de cinq mois sont de 0,29 Glossina palpalis palpalis par piège et par jour. Bien que quelques spécimens de G. fusca congolensis aient été capturés, les densités de cette espèce sont quasi nulles. Aucune trypanosomose du bétail N'Dama n'a pu être décelée sur les 114 prélèvements réalisés et étudiés après examens parasitologique (état frais, Woo, goutte épaisse) et sérologiqu e (Testryp CATT sur sang total et sur sérum). L'absence de trypanosomes décelables est discutée et interprétée comme résultant d'une pression glossinienne faible, inférieure à un seuil critique qui reste à déterminer.
Les dominantes du parasitisme helminthique chez les bovins en Ituri (Haut-Zaïre). I. La faune helminthique
Authors: Chartier C.
Published: January 2021

L'identification des helminthes parasites des bovins en Ituri a été essentiell ement réalisée à partir d'autopsies pratiquées en abattoirs et sur des veaux traceurs. Les trente espèces recensées constituent une faune parasitair e caractéristique des zones tropicales humides de l'Afrique. L'existence de Dictyocaulus viviparus, d'Ostertagia ostertagi et d'Haemonchus similis représente avec l'absence d'Echinococcus granulosus les éléments originaux de cet inventaire.
Sensibilité aux antibiotiques de souches d’Escherichia coli isolées de bétail atteint ou non de diarrhée a l’île de la Trinité
Authors: Adesiyun A.A. , Kaminjolo J.S.
Published: January 2021

La sensibilité de souches d'Escherichia coli provenant de veaux, porcelets, agneaux et chevreaux a été testée par rapport à sept antibiotiques. Au total, 264 souches sur 289 (91,3 %) isolées chez des animaux diarrhéiques et 173 souches sur 198 (87,4 %) provenant d'animaux non diarrhéiques ont montré une résistance vis-à-vis d'un ou de plusieurs antibiotiques. La différence n'est pas significative (P > ou égal à 0,05; X puissance 2). Indépendemment de l'état de santé, les isolats d'agneaux sont moins résistants (75,0 %) et ceux de porcelets plus résistants (96,7 %) avec une différence significative (P < ou égal à 0,001; X puissance 2). Les souches d'E. coli sont plus résistantes à la streptomycine (81,3 %) et à la tétracycline (78,9 %) et moins résistantes au chloramphénicol (4,3 %) et à la gentamycine (4,7 %). En outre, quelle que soit l'origine des isolats, le profil de résistance prédominant est vis-à-vis de la streptomycine-tétracycline (27,9 %). Il est conclu que la résistance très marquée aux antibiotiques reflète leur utilisation excessive dans le milieu local.
Variations des taux de transaminases observées chez des chèvres infectées expérimentalement par Trypanosoma congolense
Authors: Adah M.I. , Otesile E.B. , Joshua R.A.
Published: January 2021

Une infection expérimentale à Trypanosoma congolense a été réalisée chez des chèvres, traitées ensuite par BerenilR après 9 jours d'infection. L'infection a produit une augmentation des taux de transaminases glutamiques-oxalo-acétiques (TGO) et des transaminases glutamiques-pyruviques (TGP). Les taux moyens de TGO constatés chez les chèvres naines d'Afrique de l'Ouest infectées ont été généralement inférieurs à ceux des chèvres Red Sokoto infectées. L'administration de Bérénil (R) n'a pas entraîné d'effet significatif sur les taux de transaminases probablement en raison de l'infection récidivante constatée dans cette étude.
Utilisation de femelles Glossina austeni irradiées par rayons gamma comme insectes sentinelles dans les programmes de lutte contre les glossines
Authors: Vreysen Marc J.B. , Van Der Vloedt A.M.V.
Published: January 2021

Un traitement aux rayons gamma administré à des femelles de Glossina austeni à la dose de 60 Gy, le 2e ou le 9e jour après éclosion, et à la dose de 50 Gy à l'état pupaire, soit le 33e jour après larviposition, a induit une stérilité complète chez les mouches femelles sans changer leur comportement sexuel. Les femelles irradiées restent réceptives à l'accouplement avec des mâles non traités jusqu'au 15e jour après éclosion (84 %). Le moment du traitement (33 jours après larviposition, 2 et 9 jours après éclosion) influence significativement la dynamique du développement des follicules. Toutes les femelles traitées montrent une vitellogenèse, maturation et ovulation normales. Les follicules en position B1 et D1 ne se développent pas quand les femelles sont traitées à l'état pupaire et, à partir du 15e jour, on observe des ovaires inactifs caractérisés par une atrophie des ovules et des cellules nourricières. L'irradiation des femelles âgées de 2 et 9 jours entraîne un degré de développement différent des follicules B1 et D1. Les résultats des expériences en laboratoire où des mâles non traités sont mis en présence de femelles, traitées ou non, sont donnés. Les discussions portent sur l'utilisation des femelles stériles de G. austeni comme insectes sentinelles dans les zones à faible densité de glossines.
Le contrôle de qualité des vaccins et de la chaîne du froid lors des campagnes nationales de vaccination
Authors: Couacy-Hymann Emmanuel , Kodjo Angeli , Ouattara M. , Kanga K. , Diawara S. , Domenech Joseph
Published: January 2021

Durant les deux campagnes de vaccination contre la peste bovine et la péripneumonie contagieuse bovine en 1989 et 1990, 507 échantillons de vaccin ont été prélevés tout le long de la chaîne de distribution qui va de la Pharmacie vétérinaire d'Abidjan au vaccinateur sur le terrain, afin de contrôler la qualité de la suspension vaccinale que reçoit l'animal. Parallèlement, la qualité de la chaîne du froid était vérifiée. Au total 463 titrages ont été réalisés. Aucun titre ne s'est révélé en dessous des normes de l'OIE/FAO, à savoir 10 puissance 2.5 DICT 50/ml pour la valence peste bovine et 10 puissance 7 germes viables/ml pour la valence péripneumonique.
Aspects pratiques en élevage d'aulacodes (Thryonomys swinderanus) . V. Croissance et usure normales des incisives
Authors: Mensah Guy Apollinaire , Brönnemann A. , Stier C.H. , Gall C.F.
Published: January 2021

Chez les aulacodes d'élevage, on peut observer une usure mauvaise et insuffisante des incisives. Pour comprendre l'origine de ce phénomène, la croissance et l'usure de ces dernières ont été étudiées chez des aulacodes âgés de 4 à 12 mois. Les incisives poussent de 0,039-0,055 mm/jour et leur usure est de 0,033-0,040 mm/jour. Il en résulte un surcroît de 0,006-0,015 mm/jour qui toutefois n'a engendré aucun problème dentaire.
Croissance pré-sevrage des agneaux Djallonké au centre de Kolokopé (Togo)
Authors: Abassa K.P. , Pessinaba J. , Adeshola Ishola A.
Published: January 2021

Des données pondérales prélevées de 1983 à 1985 sur 398 agneaux Djallonké du Centre de Kolokopé (Togo) ont été analysées. Les poids moyens obtenus par la méthode des moindres carrés étaient de 1,69 + ou - 0,08 kg à la naissance, 4,01 + ou - 0,13 kg à 30 jours et 9,64 + ou - 0,27 kg à 120 jours (au sevrage). Les gains moyens quotidiens (GMQ) obtenus par la même méthode étaient estimés à 78,32 + ou - 3,18 g et 57,11 + ou - 1,81 g, respectivement de 0 à 30 jours et de 30 à 120 jours. Les agneaux nés en mars (fin saison sèche - début saison des pluies) et novembre-décembre (début saison sèche) ont été généralement les plus performants. Le type d'agnelage est la cause la plus importante (P < 0,001) de la variabilité phénotypique observée. A l'exception du poids à la naissance, tous les paramètres considérés ont été très influencés (P < 0,001 ou P < 0,01) par l'âge de la mère. Les performances maximales ont été observées chez les agneaux issus des mères de 4 ans. Les agneaux élevés sur parcours naturels ont été moins performants que ceux entretenus sur pâturages améliorés, les écarts étant de 0,45 kg (P < 0,01), 1,04 kg (P < 0,001), 10,46 g (P <0,01) et 5,41 g (P < 0,01), respectivement à 30 jours, 120 jours, de la naissance à 30 jours et de 30 à 120 jours.
Etude de l'évolution de la végétation herbacée des parcs à foin du ranch de Gounjel (Compagnie pastorale), Adamaoua, Cameroun
Authors: Yonkeu Samuel , Rippstein Georges , Ottou J.F.B.
Published: January 2021

Une étude a été conduite, fin octobre 1982, afin de comparer des parcelles mises en défens à différentes époques pendant les saisons de pluies et fauchées pendant les saisons sèches après passage du pulvériseur à disques, à des parcelles soumises à une pâture continue (témoins). Les relevés de végétation ont été réalisés selon le principe de la méthode sigmatiste de Braun-Blanquet. La production fourragère, obtenue par coupe de la biomasse aérienne à 10 cm du sol, a été soumise au test de comparaison "t" (Student-Fisher). Les résultats montrent que l'aménagement des parcelles amène rapidement (2 à 5 ans) une modification importante et une réelle amélioration de la flore pastorale des pâturages dégradés : disparition des espèces non ou peu appétées et apparition de bonnes espèces fourragères. Cette technique peut donc être utilisée pour la régénération de ce type de pâturage.
Provision of film-showing facilities and propaganda in the second half of the 1940s (on the materials of the Tambov Region)
Authors: Nazarova Violetta V.
Published: January 2021

We examine the process of restoring the cinema network of the Tambov Region in the post-war period. This process went gradually and quickly enough. And this is despite the fact that the Tambov Region, in fact, as well as the whole country experienced the severe consequences of the Great Patriotic War. It is proved that the cinema was given a great propaganda function and this art form was actively used by the authorities. During the considered period, films were filmed catastrophically little and not the least role played here by the ideology of the film repertoire. In the Tambov Region, in addition to feature films, agricultural short films and scientific films were shown on portable film projectors. As a matter of fact, this is due to the fact that in a short time it was necessary to restore the industry. Agricultural films carried cognitive and motivating func-tions. It was for this purpose during the planting and harvesting campaigns that collective farmers, employed in the fields, were provided with mobile cinema installations. It is noted that the authori-ties actively interfered not only in the process of film production, but also in provision of film-showing facilities. In particular, much attention was paid to how much money goes to the local budget. Measures have been taken to implement the approved plans. The failure to comply was condemned in every way, and in some cases the violators were punished.
Modernization of the elective course content of the Master’s Degree programme for linguists “Teaching Methods in the Format of International Exams”
Authors: Gavrilova Anna V. , Popova Nina V.
Published: January 2021

We discuss the existing programme of the elective discipline “Teaching Methods in the Format of International Exams” for Master’s Degree linguist student of pedagogical profile, which presents familiarization of students to the formats of ten international exams. In the process of modernizing the program, it was decided to focus only on the formats of tasks for the TOEFL, IELTS and CAE exams, which complement the content of the main course for Master’s Degree students of pedagogical profile “Theory and Methods of Foreign Languages Teaching” in the lin-guodidactic aspect. The selected tasks are appropriate for introducing to the students of non-linguistic, in particular, technical, universities in the foreign language training program. Integrated tasks in the TOEFL format that implement the principle of interconnected teaching of reading, lis-tening, and speaking/writing are developed similarly by the Master’s Degree linguist students for English language textbooks for students of non-linguistic universities. A detailed analysis of the methods for working with integrated tasks created by the Master’s Degree students is presented. Visual and informational materials from the “writing” section of the academic version of the IELTS exam are the implementation of the methodic principle of professional orientation of teaching. The introduction of graph, bar chart, diagram or table descriptions in foreign language teaching has a high degree of relevance for students of non-linguistic university, especially those of a technical specialization. We show the distribution of lexical and grammatical aspects and developed skills of foreign language learners in accordance with the types of visual and informational materials. The development of universal learning activities (ULA) of students in the process of teaching the description of visual and informational materials is justified. Listening comprehension in the format of the CAE international exam can be used as an element of students preparation for conference activities. Modernization of the elective course programme provides better quality of training for Master’s Degree linguist students aimed at foreign language teaching in a non-linguistic university.
Crítica de la legitimidad del Derecho en tiempos de exclusión social. Repensar la responsabilidad del Estado desde el vínculo social de la ciudadanía
Authors: Martínez de Bringas Asier
Published: January 2021

Este ensayo realizará un análisis de las características estructurales que definen la sociedad de la Modernidad tardía, para entender como estos cambios en la configuración social determinan la manera de entender la política criminal y el Derecho penal frente a los procesos de exclusión. Analizaremos cómo en un contexto de profunda exclusión para determinadas personas y colectivos se desquebraja el necesario vínculo que tiene que darse entre Estado de Derecho y ciudadanía con derechos, fractura, que en la medida que es coadyuvada por el Estado en la producción de las condiciones materiales de exclusión, pondrían poner en tela de juicio la legitimidad de un Estado para castigar al excluido. Para entender todo ello, daremos medida de cuáles podrían ser las condiciones para la configuración de un Estado decente que no humille a sus ciudadanos.
La tesis de la única respuesta correcta en Ronald Dworkin
Authors: Ridolfi Giorgio
Published: January 2021

El período tal vez más fecundo en la producción científica de Ronald Dworkin es el que abarca sus dos primeras obras importantes, Los derechos en serio y El imperio de la justicia. En ellas el jurista norteamericano se mueve hacia varios objetivos, a veces incluso contradictorios, y elabora una de sus teorías más ca­racterísticas, la de la única respuesta correcta. El ensayo intenta esbozar una lectura unitaria de estos escritos, basándose en los rasgos fundamentales del realismo jurídico y de algunas versiones del positivismo, aunque eso implique pasar por alto muchas de sus partes. Por último, se confronta esta interpreta­ción con el asunto de la tolerabilidad, como mucho teorética, del Derecho injus­to, que ella parece admitir
Rafael DE LORENZO GARCÍA y Luis Cayo PÉREZ BUENO, Fundamentos del Derecho de la Discapacidad
Authors: De Asís Rafael
Published: January 2021

Este artículo reseña:  Rafael DE LORENZO GARCÍA y Luis Cayo PÉREZ BUENOFundamentos del Derecho de la Discapacidad ,Aranzadi, Pamplona 2020, 503 pp.
Motivation of senior school persons for participation in professionally oriented competitions
Authors:   Kursk State Medical University, Tkachenko P.V. , Severinov D.A. , Luganskaya K.V.
Published: January 2021

Analyzed is the problem of motivation of senior school persons for participation in professionally oriented competitions. Relevance: modern seniors easily learn technical subjects, cope with management of most of latest gadgets, and require new (not standard, interesting for teenager) format in conduct of vocational guidance events, such as quests, intelligent games in the style of TV shows, et all. Such a format allows participant to “go beyond”, look at the future profession and educational process slightly from a different angle. Methodology and research methods: a non-standard competition acts as example of intellectual natural-scientific tournament Credo Medicus, and that is a system of face-to-face intellectual competitions for two months with a break of 7 days between its stages. Participants are seniors of general education institutions. At the end of tournament field study of motivation of 30 seniors-participants (16–17 years old) participate in competitions of professional orientation (experimental group), that was carried out by means of following tests: determination of professional tendencies; motive for choosing a profession. Results of the survey were compared to the responses of 30 seniors, who did not participate in the tournament. Results: the experimental group is dominated by internal socially significant motifs (4.4), which is 0.8 more than in the control group (p = 0.0008). And in the control group, there is prevalence of internal (3.68 and 3.64) motifs over external (2.56 and 2.76) motifs. Scientific novelty of the research: it was found, that participants of intellectual tournament are more prone to knowledge and intellectual activity. When choosing a profession, they are dominated by socially significant motives, the role of external positive motives is small, and the desire to be useful for society is significantly expressed, that is most typical for medical activities. Practical significance of the research: materials of the study can serve as demonstration of experience of introducing into vocational guidance work of university a new format of events, such as the open intellectual natural-scientific tournament Credo Medicus, that allows to assess motivational aspects of choice of the profession of doctor of future applicants, and already at the stage of school education to engage in targeted training of interested and gifted teenagers.
Applicability of collaborative education in training of future program designers
Authors:   Buryat Institute of Infocommunications — branch of Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Informatics (SIBGUTY), Gorokhovskaya N.A. , Ruliene L.N. ,   Buryat State University n.a. Dorgy Banzarov
Published: January 2021

Substantiated is application of electronic collaboration by working out collective projects. Examined are methodology Agile and technology Scram, and analyzed is experience of using them by command elaboration of program product in educational process of university.
Library and publishing complex of university — union as fundament for raising of efficience
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Zakharov P.A. , Kasyanchuk E.N.
Published: January 2021

Presented is experience of Siberian Federal University in reforming organizational structure of educational supporting departments. History of creation, formation, reforming of the library and publishing complex of university is submitted. Considered is specificity of work of scientific library and publishing house of university. The article describes creation of the resource center as division of the library and publishing complex, responsible for automation and technical support of key business processes. The authors рresent approaches to improving activities of the scientific library and publishing house of university. It is indicated, that automated systems “University Book Provision”, “Publishing of Works of Authors of the Siberian Federal University” have been developed for coordination of activities between divisions. Library and publishing council functions to regulate and coordinate activities of library and publishing processes, integrate them into scientific and educational environment of university. It is noted, that automation of business processes made possible to ensure efficiency of division’s work with parallel optimization of the staffing table. It is emphasized, that unification of the library and the publishing house into one structure made it possible to resolve issue of obtaining information resources. Experience of Siberian Federal University proved to be successful, and that is proved by public recognition, victory of scientific library of Siberian Federal University at All-Russian competition of library innovations and use of practice of Siberian Federal University by other universities of the country.
Vocational education’s development factors in the Volga region during the years of the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Penza State Technological University, Veldina Yu.V. , Vagaeva O.A.
Published: January 2021

Presented are vocational education’s development factors in the Volga region during the Great Patriotic War that have made generally their presence felt on its continuous development. These factors (precedent conditions for emergence of any phenomenon) were promotive of what the vocational education in the Volga region not only continued in operation and trained highly qualified specialists, but also reached its “heyday”. The vocational education’s main development factors during the Great Patriotic War can include accelerated development of the Volga region’s economy, defense industry’s development, industrial enterprises’ evacuation, ideologization’s growing role in the vocational education, educational and research institutions’ growth in the Volga region due to evacuation from neighboring regions, restoration of the national economy in the 1940th years. The choice of the territorial framework is due to the fact, that the Volga region is the central region of Russia, particularities of the vocational education’s development are typical for other regions of Russia. The choice of the time frame is determined by the need to study positive experience, accumulated in the past in the war time’s difficult conditions for purpose of use it in modern conditions. The analysis method, the synthesis method, the generalization method, the comparative historical method, the historical-logical and the retrospective methods, the method of historical problem’s actualization, the statistical method of materials treatment will be carried our plan.
Social networks as an element of modern lifestyl
Authors:   Baku State University, Mehdieva M.A.
Published: January 2021

Examines is the role of social networks in development of lifestyle, as a socio-cultural aspect of modern large urban agglomerations. Communicative meaning of social networks, historical nature of their formation, on the basis of continuity of social forms of life and historical periods of social development are emphasized. The place of social networks in formation of certain spheres of lifestyle is determined. This is associated with formativeness of social networks and possibility of using them in activities that is reflected in people’s behavior, their social activity, attitude to life, etc. It is concluded that in each sphere of life there is a wide variety of already created social networks that are constantly being improved and modified. It is noted, that over time the role of social networks in development of urban lifestyles is growing that will ultimately lead to leveling of urban and rural lifestyles, since starting conditions for residents of any territorial entity with development of Internet become in principle approximately the same. The world is becoming one large space, united by a wide infrastructure of connections, in which social networks will become the leading party.
Valores hematológicos de cocodrilo de Tumbes Crocodylus acutus (Cuvier, 1807) mantenidos en cautiverio en Puerto Pizarro, Tumbes, Perú
Authors: Velit Anna , Elías Piperis Roberto , Montes Iturrizaga David , Saldarriaga Flavio
Published: January 2021

El objetivo fue determinar los valores hematológicos del cocodrilo de Tumbes (Crocodylus acutus), especie categorizada en peligro crítico de extinción por el Estado Peruano. Se realizó la recolección de muestras de sangre por punción del seno venoso localizado en la region cervical postoccipital de individuos machos separados en dos grupos etarios (15 individuos juveniles y 15 individuos sub adultos) aparentemente sanos del Centro de Acuicultura Tuna Carranza, Puerto Pizarro en Tumbes, Perú. Luego de colectar la sangre en tubos con heparina de litio, se realizaron los frotices para hemograma y se llenaron microcapilares para la determinación de hematocrito. Las muestras fueron enviadas y procesadas en el Laboratorio de Patología Clínica de Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Se obtuvieron los siguientes valores promedios: 23,56% ± 3,23 de hematocrito, 8,48 g/dL ± 2,13 de hemoglobina, 0,988 106/µL ± 4,54 de glóbulos rojos y 5,90 ± 4,27 103/µL de glóbulos blancos: 2,68 103/µL ± 1,51 de heterófilos, 1,58 103/µL ± 1,4 de linfocitos, 2,35 103/µL ± 2,4 de eosinófilos, 1,45 103/µL ± 1,71 de basófilos y 0,50 103/µL ± 0,85 de monocitos. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre grupos etarios.