DYNAMIC CHANGES IN PARACLINICAL INDICES FOLLOWING THE COMPLETION OF TREATMENT FOR GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Batig V.M. , Glushchenko T.A. 
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to assess the dynamic changes in paraclinical indices following the completion of the treatment for generalized periodontitis in patients with metabolic syndrome. 80 patients with metabolic syndrome assigned to receive the integrated treatment for generalized periodontitis (GP) were divided into 2 groups. The main group (40 people) included 15 patients (37.5%) with primary I degree GP, 15 patients (37.5 %) with II degree GP and 10 people (25%) with III degree GP who received the treatment according to the elaborated therapeutic and preventive algorithm. The control group (40 people) received the treatment according to the protocol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine (dental care provision in the specialty "Therapeutic Dentistry). The number of patients with primary I degree, II and III degrees of GP was identical to that in the main group.

Results. Based on the results obtained, the subjects of the main group, who received pathogenetically based treatment, demonstrated a pronounced tendency to improve index values over all time intervals. Before the treatment, the mean values of the paraclicical index in the both groups did not differ and indicated severe GP. In the main group, in 1 month after the beginning of GP treatment, a significant decrease in index scores for periodontitis of moderate severity was observed. After 12 months, the PI index in the patients of the main group continued to show the average GP severity and was 1.5 times lower than before the treatment, p<0.01.

Before the GP treatment, the values of the PMA index in patients of the main and control groups showed the upper margin of moderate gingivitis trenching upon severe gingivitis. 1 month after the pathogenetic treatment, there was a significant decrease in the PMA index in the patients of the main group reaching the upper limit of mild gingivitis. 12 months after the receiving treatment-prophylactic algorithm, the patients of the main group showed the digital indicator of the PMA index was 39.87 ± 5.46%, i.e. 1.4-fold lower than the values before the treatment, p<0.01. In the patients of the control group, the PMA index scores of 54.89 ± 8.69% approached the initial level. The effectiveness of the elaborated treatment-prophylactic algorithm was also confirmed by the positive dynamics of the Green-Vermillion hygienic index in the patients of the main group over all observation periods.

Conclusion. The subjects of the main group, who received pathogenetically based treatment, demonstrated a pronounced tendency towards the improvement of index values over all treatment intervals. Across all stages of observation, there has been observed the cessation of exudation and suppuration from periodontal pockets, the reduction of granulations and hyperaemia, thus, the elimination of the inflammatory-dystrophic process has been clinically proved. It can be suggested that the proposed therapeutic and preventive algorithm enables to reduce the preparatory period before the surgical stages of periodontal treatment and ensure a favourable post-operative course. The treatment according to the traditional protocol has been found as less ineffective and leads to the deterioration of periodontal tissues in the control group.