bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Public Policy for the Application of Shallow Geothermal Energy into Building Energy Efficiency
Authors: Li Man , Wang Xiao
Published: August 2013

At present, in China, shallow geothermal energy has been widely used in energy efficiency of building, but the question of policy mechanisms reduce the rate of new energy promotion.This paper compares the differences between the domestic and foreign shallow geothermal energy policy through the comparison gets the revelation of shallow geothermal energy policy, and combines with the development situation and utilization goal, in the end gives the recommendations for policy system of shallow geothermal.
Numerical Simulations of the Drifting Ice Sheets Collision with the Bridge Pier
Authors: Zhang Lian Zhen , Xiong Wei
Published: August 2013

The drifting ice sheets impact with the bridge pier and other hydraulic structures in the rivers, which may damage even cause collapse of the structures. In this paper, the FEM software package LS-DYNA was used to performed the numerical simulations of the collision process of the ice sheets and the bridge piers to make clear the interaction between them and to understand the failure mechanism of the ice sheet. The elastic strain-stress model with von mises failure criterion was used to describe the ice material. The brittle damage material model was used to describe the concrete pier. Three types thickness of ice sheets were performed at various velocity of the ice sheet respectively. The impact process of every case were displayed and the time history curve of the collision force were given out. The simulations results show that the peak value of the collision force time history curve increases with the velocity of the sheet firstly and then decreases with the velocity of the ice sheet. There is one critical velocity which relate to the compressive strength of the ice sheet. The simulation result were also compared with the different bridge design code, which show that the code result is more conservative in bridge design.
Research Review on the Anti-Seismic Characteristics of Truss Bridge Structure
Authors: Fang Lu Bing , Zhang Hong Ya
Published: August 2013

This article reviews the concept of seismic time-history analysis, the research status of the truss bridge structure in the case of seismic wave. Finally, the some new measures and methods of enhancing anti-seismic design for the truss bridge structure are also proposed.
Study of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Column Ductility Based on VB
Authors: Deng Shao Yu , Zong Rong
Published: August 2013

Because of the complexity of the ductility of reinforced concrete bridge columns test operation, the paper compiles VB application procedure to study the anti-earthquake ductility of reinforced concrete bridge columns.The experimental data in the test of concrete bridge piers and the caculation value of VB are compared, which agree very well. Therefore,feasibility of VB procedure to analysis the ductility of bridge columns is proved.
Active Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall due to Local Uniform Load
Authors: Yang Wen Long
Published: August 2013

Based on the coulomb's earth pressure theory hypothesis, considering the condition of static equilibrium of the force when the slide wedge was in limited equilibrium, a formula of active earth pressure was proposed, which considers the cohesion force on the sliding plane, the adhesive force on the interface of soil and the retaining wall ,the local uniform load, and the given critical rupture angle of the explicit solutions. The contrastive analysis with calculation results based on code primarily proves the rationality of this formula .It is analyzed that , the active earth pressure acting upon the retaining wall and the critical rupture angle of sliding wedge will enlarge with the increasing of local uniform load width.
Analog Static Elasto-Plastic Analysis for Shaped Column Frame Experiment
Authors: Sun Chao , Zhao Shu Li , Chai Wen Jing , Liu Ze Qun
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the 1/3 ratio model of reinforced concrete deformed column for low-cycle repeated load experiment is adopted, the common finite element software SAP2000 is used for analyzing the models performance of bearing capacity, ductility, Occurrence order of plastic hinge, the yield mechanism and inter-layer displacement. The results show that the selected madel can simulate the nonlinear performance of the shaped column frame accurate, the calculated value is in good agreement with the experimental values.
Application of Rouse Equation in Coastal Engineering
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Yi Gang , Huang Hui Ming , Zeng Qiong Pei , Yuan Chun Guang
Published: August 2013

The method to analysis the applicability of Rouse equation in Jiangsu coastal engineering is presented in this paper. The hydrological and sediment data in northern Jiangsu coastal area in August 2006 were adopted. Figure of sediment concentration changing with the relative water depth were made and analyzed. The result shows that the vertical profile of sediment concentration is similar with that under the conditions of equilibrium sediment transport in two-dimensional constant flow (exponential distribution). It can be concluded that the Rouse equation can be applied in the northern Jiangsu coastal engineering. In addition, the Rouse number and settling velocity are calculated in this paper.
The Study of Rural Human Settlement Environmental Constructing Situation and Countermeasures of Optimizing of Jilin Province
Authors: Lv Jing , Wang Ai Jia , Chen Wen Jing
Published: August 2013

This article sort out and study on rural construction situation during the past five years in Jilin Province, from the energy-saving perspective, analyzed many factors constraints the sustainable development of rural countryside construction in Jilin Province, and give specific recommendations for improvement measures for future implementation of the integration of urban and rural areas of rural living environment construction.
In Situ Study on Soil Disturbance Induced by Shield Tunneling in Tianjin
Authors: Cao Yong Hua , Kou Xiao Qiang
Published: August 2013

In urban environment, the soil disturbance induced by shield tunneling can be sensitive because it can cause deformation of the ground and damage the near structure. To study this disturbance in the construction process of Tianjin metro line No.3, in-situ monitoring of pore water pressure, soil pressure and ground settlement were conducted. The pore water pressure was monitored for the soil around the tunnel. The soil pressure was monitored for the soil around the tunnel and on the tunnel face. It was revealed that the pore water pressure and soil pressure changed twice in the tunneling process and these changes were induced by cutting face and grouting at the shield tail. The soil pressure on the tunnel face reached its maximal value when the distance between the cutting face and the sensor elements was around the diameter of the tunnel. Ground settlement developed in the tunneling process. The shape of ultimate settlement trough is closed to the one obtained by Pecks method.
Lateral Flexural-Torsion Buckling of Thin-Walled Cold-Formed Steel Beams with Holes - Design Resistance Evaluation Based on Test Results
Authors: Karmazínová Marcela
Published: August 2013

The paper is focused on problems of the design resistance of thin-walled cold-formed steel beams with holes, respecting the lateral flexural-torsion buckling effects. The attention is mainly paid to the design resistance determination using the results of experimental verification of the objective resistance and their statistic elaboration and probabilistic evaluation. The lateral buckling of thin-walled beams with holes is a specific problem, because of the holes influence on the torsion stiffness, and usual calculating procedures according to the rules given by the European Standards are not always generally usable. The methods based on the approaches of the design assisted by testing are used for the design resistance evaluation, here. The determination of the design resistance using test results respects the statistic characteristics and probabilistic distribution of all input variables, on which the resistance is depended. This method also takes into account the form of the probabilistic model of the resistance, from the viewpoint of the form of mathematical function and its influence on the resistance variability. The design resistance derivation applying the design assisted by testing can be used as an alternative procedure instead of the design resistance determination according to the normative documents, especially in the cases, when the usual procedures are not sufficiently usable.
Research on the Axial Bearing Capacity of Concrete-Filled Rectangular Steel Tube Short Column
Authors: Hao Yan E , Lan Yong Qiang
Published: August 2013

Under the action of axial compression, it is difficult to deduce the capacity of concrete-filled rectangular steel tube (CFRST) short column in theory because of the complex constraining force between the steel tube and concrete. This paper uses two methods to study the axial bearing capacity of CFRST short column, the first method is to consider the main factors influencing the axial bearing capacity of CFRST column based on a great deal of experiments and use multiple linear regression method of mathematical statistics to obtain the formula of the axial bearing capacity of CFRST short column; the second method is to simulate the axial compression test of CFRST short column by using the powerful structure finite element analysis software ANSYS, and determine the axial bearing capacity of CFRST short column through 3D solid modeling, rational meshing and correct loading method. Those two methods provide new thoughts for forecasting the axial bearing capacity of CFRST short column.
Seismic Dynamic Model Tests on Tunnel Lining Passing through the Fault
Authors: Zhou Jia Mei , Yan Qi , Meng Guo Wang
Published: August 2013

The seismic behaviors of tunnel lining passing through the fault are studied by means of large-scale shaking table tests under the load of Wolong-seismic wave. The model tunnel is installed into a model box with a length of 3.65 m, width of 1.5 m and height of 1.8 m. The sizes of model and prototype tunnel are designed by using the similar principles with a scale factor of 1:30. As the result shows, under the seismic force load, the tunnel lining has a delay of responding the seismic force when it crosses the faults geological belt. The time is 0.085seconds. Model box amplified table acceleration, the farther the distance from shaking table is, the more obvious amplification is. The seismic force load is horizontal, but the resistance applied by the faults geological belt is weak, resulting relative motion, collision, extrusion etc. so, the tunnel lining appears cracks. It is in accord with investigation conclusions of Wenchuan earthquake. Article also aims at some problems in the experiment such as: boundary effect, model box stiffness etc, and gives some suggestions.
Sensitivity Analysis of Soft Rock Mechanics Parameters on Tunnel Mechanics Characteristic
Authors: Shen Feng , Xu Ying , Chen Jian Ping , Zuo Chang Qun
Published: August 2013

The physical and mechanical parameters of surrounding rock have great influence on the stability of construction. In order to fully grasp the construction mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock highway tunnel under different mechanical parameters in Wudang schist tunnel, the in-situ measurement and numerical calculation are both used for sensitivity analysis of four mechanical parameters to the mechanical characteristics of surrounding rock-lining. The result shows that the sensitivity of E to deformation of surrounding tunnel is greatest, followed by μ, and both sensitivity far outweigh the one of C, φ. Sensitivity of C, φ on stress around the working face are larger than others. And sensitivities of these parameters to lining are different from stress and deformation. The sequences of sensitivity in a decreasing order, are the deformation modulus, the Poissons ratio, cohesion force and friction angle. However four parameters of sensitivity are not significant. These results provide reference on structure design, construction monitoring, disaster control in soft rock tunnel.
The Analysis on the Development of Green Architecture in Linyi City
Authors: Yuan Zhong Xiang
Published: August 2013

Faced double crisis of shortage of energy and deterioration of environment, people begin to pursue the harmony between human and nature. Therefore the green architecture comes into being. Based on the interpret the meaning and the development of green architecture in Linyi, the article analyzes the problems lying in the development of green architecture in Linyi, and then put forward with some proposals to promote the development of green architecture in Linyi.
Stability Analysis of an Earth Slope Based on Taylor Series Method
Authors: Pan Jian , Ma Yong
Published: August 2013

Due to the complicated theory of reliability analysis method and the high requirement of parameters statistics and model calculation, most reliability analysis methods are not conductive to engineering application. In order to solve this problem, a simplified method, can be used in slope stability analysis. The technique is based on factor of safety method. The procedure of applying this method in slope stability analysis is studied. The methods of calculating parameters standard deviation are summarized. Engineering application shows that Taylor series method is feasible and practical in slope stability analysis and it provides a new method for slope reliability analysis.
Static and Dynamic Stability Analysis on Artificial Rock Mass Slope Using Strength Reduction Method
Authors: Yan Shi , Du Hai Tao , Yu Qi Le , Yan Han
Published: August 2013

This paper focuses on stability analysis of an artificial rock mass slope by a nonlinear finite element method (FEM). For a long time, rock slope stability problem is always an important research issue in the field of geotechnical engineering, which is related to human life and property safety as well as engineering security and efficiency. Therefore, the stability analysis and evaluation on rock slope is of great significance. The static and dynamic stability analysis on the artificial rock mass slope of WuAn power plant in China is carried on respectively in this paper by using the strength reduction method and FLAC3D software. In this analysis, static and dynamic instability criterions are enumerated, and the static and dynamic safety factors are calculated with the developed criterions of the displacement mutation, respectively. The analysis results show that the artificial rock mass slope is basically stable. It indicates that analyzing slope stability with strength reduction method is feasible.
Study on Failure Mechanism of Gongjiafang Bank Slope in Wu Gorge of the Three Gorges, the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Chen Hong Kai , Tang Hong Mei , He Xiao Ying , Zhao Xian Tao
Published: August 2013

During running period of the Three Gorges reservoir ,failure mechanism of bank slope is one of the important scientific problems of geological disaster mitigation for reservoir bank. GongJiafang bank slope is located in left of Wu Gorge in Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, where damage events appeared in 175 m experimental water storage in 2008 and 175 m normal water storage in 2011.Study shows that, GongJiafang bank slope located in the core of the Heng Shi stream anticline developes two group of tectonic fractures .The first one is unloading fracture of bank slope, whose upper part is in transfixion or intermittent transfixion status,and the second one belongs to shear shear fracture. Bank slope presents cataclastic rock mass structure ,whose water physical properties are poor. The shear strength parameters of bank slope soil reduce after being immersed, a decreas of about 52 % on cohesion, and 30 % on friction. Regional new tectonic stress field control the macroscopic law for failure of GongJiafang bank slope .Especially max2 shear zone in new tectonic stress field is consistent with the first group fracture, which strengthen progress of the unloading fracture developement .Bank slope basically appear unstable failure along with the first group fracture. About 50% unbroken lower part of unloading fracture in GongJiafang bank slope locate in reservoir water level change belt between 145m and 175m.During the reservoir water level rising, stability coefficient of bank slope decreases from 1.31 to 0.88 after being immersed, and it is inevitable for bank slope to fail suddenly. Research results for further exploration on the formation mechanism of bank landslide in the Three Gorges reservoir and its mitigation has positive significance.
The Analysis of Wavelet Neural Network in Oilfield Production Prediction
Authors: Wang Li Jun , Zhang Su Bei , Duan Qiang Guo
Published: August 2013

The production forecast is a basic premise in the design of the oil exploration program. Accurate production predictions can provide guidance on the direction of oilfields exploration program adjustments and be able to determine the scale of mining of the oilfields. Because of the varying nature of geological reservoirs, oil field production forecast error is large. Because wavelet neural network is better features of convergence and dealing with complex geological conditions, so it can provide a more accurate prediction than the conventional prediction to heterogeneous reservoir. After the actual reference data are simulated, calculation error is very small, and to prove its production forecast can be used as the reference of the real reservoir exploitation.
The Numerical Simulation and Supporting Design of Gob-Side Entry Retaining in Gradient Medium Thick Coal Seam
Authors: Zhang Yong Qin , Sun Le Le , Zhang Wei Zhong , Cao Li Dan
Published: August 2013

In order to solve the technical problem of gob-side entry retaining in inclined coal seam, combined with the practical mining conditions in a certain mine, this paper adopts the discrete element method, applies numerical simulation to analyze inclined coal seam gob-side entry retaining with three different supporting ways, and studies surrounding rock deformation characteristics of gob-side entry retaining. The research results show that the filling body upper boundary for right side can control the roadway surrounding rock deformation better compared with the boundary is used as the hypotenuse; Meanwhile, the pressure of surrounding rock of coal seam gob-side entry retaining is mainly from the impact of the immediate roof natural fall of the upper goaf tilt and the weight of caving coal gangue and coal seam of immediate roof above; According to the surrounding rock deformation characteristics of coal seam remain gateway along goaf, it is determined to use combined supporting method of concrete filling in roadway sides and anchor wire rope supporting inside the roadways, providing the design basis of gob-side entry retaining in coal seam for the similar geological conditions.
Tunnel Ground Stress Test and Rock Burst Prediction Based on Hydraulic Fracturing Method
Authors: Li Xin Zhe , Wang Geng Feng , Li Jun Mei
Published: August 2013

The hydraulic fracturing method is a common method to measure the ground stress. This article describes the principles of the hydraulic fracturing method, studies the distribution and the value of the ground stress in a tunnel area with the hydraulic fracturing method, and predicts rock burst by using the Russenes discriminance and the Turchaninov discriminance. The results show that the maximum horizontal stress is between 4.7MPa and 11.1MPa, and the minimum horizontal stress is between 4.0MPa and 8.0MPa. The maximum horizontal stress direction of the drilling is between N63 °W and N72 °W, and it is not conducive to the stability of the tunnel surrounding rocks because the large angle intersection of the tunnel axis direction and the maximum horizontal stress direction.
Automatic Generation of 3D Building Models with General Shaped Roofs for Sustainable Development
Authors: Sugihara Kenichi , Shen Zhen Jiang
Published: August 2013

3D city models are important in urban planning for sustainable development. Usually and traditionally, urban planners design the future layout of the towns by drawing the maps, using GIS or CAD packages. 3D city models based on these maps are quite effective in understanding what if the plan is realized. However, creating 3D city models is labor intensive, using a 3D modeling software such as 3ds Max or SketchUp. In order to automate laborious steps, we are proposing a GIS and CG integrated system for automatically generating 3D building models with general shaped roofs by straight skeleton computation, based on general shaped building polygons (building footprints) on digital maps.
Eco-Renovation of the Existing Rural Housing in Yimeng Mountain Area
Authors: Li Xiao Ming , Li Qi Dong , Liu Hong Jun , Xu Xue Dong
Published: August 2013

Combined with available local resources and traditional manufacturing techniques of Yimeng mountain area, several transformation methods, which are ecological economical and practical for the existing rural housing, are put forward. After optimization, the rural residence will be more energy-efficient, more environmental and more comfortable. The aim of the paper is to make the eco-renovation feasible and economical for farmers and popularize the reform measures in more rural areas like Yimeng.
Simulation Study on Effect of Piloti on Outdoor Thermal Environment of Campus Cluster in Guangzhou
Authors: Chen Guang , Zhao Li Hua , Li Qiong
Published: August 2013

The piloti is one of the important design method of LingNan architecture to adapt to the climate, piloti space is an important space meet the communication between teachers and students. The three-dimensional non-hydrostatic climate model ENVI-met were applied to simulate differents of heights of piloti and proportion of piloti. Study the effect of different cases of piloti on campus cluster thermal environment.
First Exploration of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Planning of Small Towns
Authors: Dai Hua Ying , Ji Jiang Hai , Guo Bo , Zhao Long
Published: August 2013

Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Practice in small towns shows that Comprehensive and in-depth disaster prevention and mitigation behavior is an important way to reduce disaster losses, At the same time, the Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of small towns is to ensure the steady development of agriculture, to meet the objective requirements of social reproduction and human survival needs. Because of this, Disaster prevention and reduction of small towns will become the only way for the sustainable development of society. This article is intended to improve Disaster Prevention and Mitigation System of small towns by new planning ideas.
Study on Building Safety Economic Incentive Mechanism
Authors: Li Ying , Kang Tie Gang
Published: August 2013

In order to effectively improve the Building safety, this paper applies the principle of institutional economics; construct the economic incentive mechanism of Building safety management, From the mechanism of target system, mechanism of main body, mechanism structure principle, the mechanism safeguard, this paper probes into the mechanism of Building safety, Mechanism of the subject system including government, construction enterprises and employees and microscopic behavior criterion; The effective operational mechanism of the security system, including the economic incentive system of laws and regulations, economic incentives organization, economic incentive to financial and economic guarantee, etc.; The operation mechanism embodied in the internal elements of rational allocation, so as to make the economic incentive policy for building effective implementation.
Risk Evaluation Research and Model Building Based on ANP for BT Engineering Project
Authors: Zhang Jian Wei , Ren Guang Fei , Li Zhen Qing , Li Jun
Published: August 2013

Through investigation and study, a risk evaluation index system of BT engineering project was tried to establish in the paper, from three levels of macro, meso and micro. In view of the mutual influence from the risk indexes in the BT engineering project, this paper used ANP to conduct risk evaluation research. A large-scale BT engineering project as an example, the relative weight and ranking of the risk factors are obtained and the main risk factors are analyzed and evaluated by using the method of the ANP.
The Thinking about Sewage Ecological Management of Villages and Small Towns in the Dianchi Lake Basin
Authors: Xu Bing Feng , Wu Guo Juan , Feng Yan , Lu Lei
Published: August 2013

In order to protect the Dianchi lake fundamentally, and to achieve the social and economics development sustainablely, an investigation of the sewage generation, emission and management current situation of villages and small towns in the Dianchi Lake basin was carried out. Based on the actual situation of the basin, this paper put forword methods of sewage ecological management., and explore three levels of management ideas for different pollution control requirements in every area of the basin.
Keywords: The Dianchi Lake Basin; Sewage of Villages and Small Towns; Ecological Management
Analysis of Yi People Ancient Town Spatial Form
Authors: Wang Wen , Wang Ai Guo , Zhang Yue Lei , Li Qin
Published: August 2013

Yi People Ancient Town of Chuxiong is a modern real estate development project with commercial, residential and cultural tourism. Based on inheriting traditional vernacular landscape features, its development and construction were built by modern technology, meanwhile, respected the original build system. This paper studied the Spatial Form of Yi People Ancient Town through the space analysis of street, node, building and spiritual culture from several aspects. This is very important reference value, academic value and practical significance for guiding the construction of modern urban environment scientifically.
The Study of Water-Sediment Two Phase Flow Field Measurement Based on Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Chen Bo
Published: August 2013

Internal flow field of water-sediment two phase flow was hardly observed by PIV system, due to poor light transmittance. To improve this situation, the glass particle was used in experiment instead of sediment particle. According to the experiment results, the light transmittance of the mixture of glass beads and water was better than the mixture of sediment and water; so the relatively clear internal image of the two-phase flow could be obtained by PIV system. According to the experiment, the glass beads movement was similar to sediment in water.
Modal Variation Regularity of Inner-Decaying Villages in the Process of Urbanization in China
Authors: Xu Xue Dong , Wang Dong Fei , Zhang Hong Xia , Xu Man
Published: August 2013

The rapid development of urbanization in China brought serious challenges for the rural development and led to the phenomenon of inner-decaying village. Through a on-the-spot investigation, detailed informations of typical villages over the past 30 years are obtained. By the quantitative analysis of the home interview and field measurement data, and interpretation of satellite images, this paper summarizes the shape change regularity of villages in urbanization process, systematically analyzes the causes of inner-decaying village and then proposes solutions of it.
Optimization of the Cultivable Conditions of Yeast YG28 in Monosodium Glutamate Waste Water
Authors: Ge Chun Mei , Shen Shou Guo , Chen Jiang Lin , Zhang Jie
Published: August 2013

In order to obtain cell protein from the monosodium glutamate (MSG) waste water, the culture conditions for yeast were studied in this paper. The optimum condition was that: the liquid capacity was 60 mL/250mL flask, liquor dilution ratio of MSG waste water was 1:1, the culture time for liquid seed was 16 hours, inoculation rate was 8%, speed was 180 rpm, Temperature was 28°C. Cultured at the optimum conditions for 36h, 28.28g/L cell protein was obtained, 92.2% utilization of reducing sugar was reached, 71.1% removal rate of chemical oxygen demand was realized and 64.7 % removal rate of Kjeldahl nitrogen was achieved. The cell protein could be recovered, the results do spade work for after-treatment. Certain economic and environmental benefits could be obtained.
Comprehensive Carrying Capacity Assessment of Water Environment in Zhengzhou City
Authors: Xia You , Ma Chuan Ming , Liu Xiao Juan , Liu Xing Yi , Deng Qiong Lin
Published: August 2013

At present, research on water environmental carrying capacity (WECC) at home and abroad mainly focuses on surface water carrying capacity and ignores groundwater pollution receiving capacity,which leads to the research results cannot objectively reflect the actual situation. This paper treated both surface water and groundwater as a whole research object; used analytic hierarchy process (AHP); selected surface water environmental capacity and groundwater pollution receiving capacity as the first level indicators; built the scoring system and weight system; and accomplished comprehensive carrying capacity assessment of water environment in Zhengzhou city. Assessment result shows that very low WECC zone reduces by 5.1 times, low WECC zone reduces by 1.1 times, medium WECC zone increases by 2.6 times, and very high WECC zone increases by 1.5 times compared with the result which considers surface water only. Therefore, treating both surface water and groundwater as a whole to evaluate the WECC is more in line with objective reality. It is also conducive to water environmental protection policy formulation.
Circular Economy - An Effective Way of Construction of Ecological Civilization
Authors: Bu Xin Xin , Li Hui Ming
Published: August 2013

In 2006, Chinese government put forward the development of circular economy (CE) into the People's Republic of Chinas eleventh five-year plan outline on national economic and social development, thus developing CE officially became China's economic and social development strategic choice, which playing an important role in Chinas ecological civilization construction. The paper analyzed the development history and characteristics of Chinas Practice of CE, based on exploring some successful CE pilots, such as Binhai New Area, showing the huge Economic and environmental benefits, summarizing the Successful experience of Chinas developing CE.
Comparison of Coastal Green Dwellings' Ecological Strategy Take Seaweed House and Oystershell Loculus for Example
Authors: Wang Zhen Yu , Tong Wei
Published: August 2013

With the development of science and technology, rapid urbanization makes the survival of the human environment seriously polluted and destroyed. In the new century, with the issue that how to achieve the maximum saving ,to protect environment, to reduce pollution in the whole building life cycle and to make the harmonious between architecture and nature, Green building operating emerged. Vernacular architecture is an significant type of green building, this paper illustrates Seaweed House in Jiaodong of Shandong province and Oystershell Loculus in Quanzhou of Fujian province to perform a comparative study of cultural origins, building materials and ecological characteristics of the coastal green dwellings£¬in order to use the methods of vernacular architecture for reference to green building.
Industrialized Precast Construction Low Carbon Design Control
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Hong
Published: August 2013

Adopting prefabricated industrial manufacturing technology can save resources and materials, reduce the adverse impact of the construction waste and construction on the environment. To meet the national currently established building energy conservation and emissions reduction target, realize the whole life process of low carbon technology index, developing industrialization of prefabricated construction industry is an effective way. By analyzing the industrialized precast building lifecycle carbon emissions, all of them, and finally from the design point of low carbon control methods are put forward.
Study on the Relationship between Indoor Air Quality and Children's Health in Beijing
Authors: Cui Na , Xie Jing Chao , Bian Wen Yue , Yoshino Hiroshi , Yanagi U , Zhang Hui Bo , Li Zhen Hai , Liu Jing , Lv Yang
Published: August 2013

Indoor air quality (IAQ) has been concerned since 1970s in some western countries. Many researchers have studied the effects of air pollution on children's health and evidence suggested that it did contribute significantly to the risk of adverse health in children. Children spend the majority of their time indoors, mostly at home. To study health effects of long-term exposure to indoor air, we conducted a questionnaire survey about indoor environment and children's health status in 2012 on the 4-5 grades children of a primary school in Beijing. The questionnaire was used to collect data on general information of children, living environment, residential equipments and lifestyle and children's health status. We classified the investigated families into several categories according to residential surrounding air pollution, decoration and smoking. Then we observed respiratory symptoms like cough, dyspnea with phlegm, nasal obstruction, asthma and some allergy symptoms in different categories. The results of this survey suggest that indoor air quality is associated with children's health. Morbidity of children's respiratory system symptoms and some allergy symptoms is higher in relatively poor indoor environment.
Optimization Analysis of Layout Scheme of Outdoor Unit of the Multi-Evaporator Air Conditioner in a Certain Business Center
Authors: Yao Gui Ju , Zhou Xiao Qing , Li Li , Huang Zhi Xiang
Published: August 2013

Different arrangement forms of outdoor unit of the multi-evaporator air conditioner are applied to one research object. The essay designs four layout schemes, using the CFD to simulate them, respectively. Optimization results show that the outdoor-machine putted in the east and south direction are reasonable.
The Influence of Thermal Inertia Index on the Residential External Walls in Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Areas
Authors: Xiao Min , Zhang Guo Qiang
Published: August 2013

The evaluation method of residential building envelope thermal performance in hot-summer and cold-winter area is different from the method of the cold northern regions, that is, the merit of the thermal performance of walls and roofs should not be determined only by the heat transfer coefficient K or thermal resistance R, the impact of the thermal inertia index on the thermal performance of building envelope should also be considered. The analysis results show that, with the different values of thermal inertia index D, the difference of residential summer air-conditioning power consumption is not big, but the difference of residential winter heating power consumption is bigger, therefore, the high thermal inert wall is more conductive to reduce the winter heating power consumption than the low thermal inert wall.
Ecological Aesthetic of Wind Environment about the Circular Earth Building in Fujian, China
Authors: Su Ying Ming , Tsai Yi Ping
Published: August 2013

Green building has become the trend of urban development in the twenty-first century as the threat of global warming is ever more challenging. The traditional Tulou in Fujian, China, characterized by its distinct building form and local culture is an outstanding representation of ecological building. From the perspective of ecological aesthetic, this research discusses the aesthetic factors of wind environment of Eryi Lou, the largest Tulou in Fujian. Starting from the GIS analysis on the overall environment, also assisted by MapInFo, this research further analyzes the external and internal wind environment of the Eryi Lou through site measurement of the buildings ventilation efficiency. Results showed that building form of Eryi Lou corresponded with topography and landform, as well as life wisdom of symbiosis with the environment and meets the requirements of ecological aesthetics criteria of both local characteristics and national character. The design of the major entrance with Feng Shui-oriented axis, as well as the design of courtyard in the quadrangle, circular corridors, and windows on the forth-storey are all intended for better cross-ventilation and heat dissipation. Such a design is a combination of aesthetics and human-based functional use, proving that Eryi Lou is an ecological building corresponding to the concept of ecological aesthetics, is an exemplar of symbiotic relationship between modern city development and environment.
Fresh Air Exchange Method Research of Residential House Based on Natural Ventilation
Authors: Tian Pei Zhe , Chen Fu Xiang , Pi Wei
Published: August 2013

Decoration and fitment result in serious indoor air pollution in residential houses nowadays, furthermore, this kind of pollution can usually last for several years. The most effective way to eliminate indoor air pollution is to open the window to air the room at all seasons of the year. But compared to southern China weather conditions, there are frequently windy, dusty and great temperature differences days in Beijing especially around wintertime, causing indoor dust dispersion after ventilating though the window. People have to close the window in winter for years, making indoor air quality getting worse, which is quite harmful for the peoples physical and mental health.
Aiming at above problems, a new kind of unpowered fresh air exchange component based on natural ventilation is proposed in this paper. A typical north-south permeability residential house, which means that there are opposite windows in both north and south walls to make draught forming more easily, in Beijing was taken for example. The authors studied the influences to air exchange effects and room temperature in different working conditions when adopting this kind of unpowered fresh air exchange components to ventilate and exchange air for 24 hours without cease, analyzed applicable conditions, influencing factors, installation height, installation height difference, and air exchange effects etc. of the unpowered fresh air exchange components. The simulating calculation using Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and experimental test were conducted.
Little Room Used with High Efficiency - Analysis on the Design Ideas of Small-Sized Apartments
Authors: Zhou Jing , Yang Tian Yang
Published: August 2013

As house prices are soaring at present, small-sized apartments have become more and more popular among people. Low price and high yield are foremost concerns for all people when they purchase houses. Nonetheless, it is rather difficult to bring the functions of the little room into full play. Aiming at consumers’ demands, the author analyzes the space, lighting, furniture, color and adornments, proposing solutions to relevant problems regarding these aspects, for the purpose of utilizing little room with high efficiency.
A Study about the Synthesis Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of γ-MnOOH Nanowires
Authors: Lou Xiao Ming , Huang Jia Li , Li Tan Ping , Hu Han Xiang , Zhang You Xiang , Zhang Ke Li
Published: August 2013

In this paper, manganite (γ-MnOOH) nanowires have been synthesized, using KMnO4 and CTAB as raw materials, by a hydrothermal method at 180°C for 12h. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM),and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) for the information of crystal form, size, d-spacings, morphology and the weight-loss course. The results showed the manganite nanowires diameter range from 15 nm to 150 nm,length range from 5μm to 20 μm. Moreover, the properties of manganite (γ-MnOOH) nanowires as anode materials for Li-ion batteries had been studied. The first-discharge capacity is 1660 mAh g-1 and corresponds to a consumption of about 5.5 moles of Li per mole of MnOOH, which made this material maybe one of the candidates for the negative materials.
Adsorption of Phosphorus by Lithium Silica Fume
Authors: Lin Wei Lan , Gu Jin Chuan , Wang Yu Heng , Wang Wen Yuan
Published: August 2013

adsorption is a good method to remove phosphorus. In the experiment, lithium silica fume is used as the adsorption material, adsorption isotherms ,kinetics and dosage effects were examined. It shows that the adsorption kinetics data are consistent with the pseudo-second-order equation and the adsorption is easy to happen. Freundlich isotherm equation is fit for description of the adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities on lithium silica fume is 1.166 mg/g. When dosage get to 12 g/l and the concentration of phosphorus solution is 2 mg/l, the removal rate reach to 95% at 308k.
Creep Test of Type Austenitic 316LStainless Steel at High Temperature
Authors: Mohammad Khairul Azhar , Zainudin Edi Syam , Sapuan S.M. , Zahari Nur Ismarrubie , Aidy Ali
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study is to investigate the creep test on static loading of stainless steel materials. Theestablished creep analytical modeling was used to predict the creep life of stainless steel at high temperature. In order to conduct creep testing, the materials were subjected to constant load and high temperature at 565°Cin comparisons with different stresses at the similar temperatures.Time dependent deformation of 316L stainless steel at high temperature at different loading was investigated in this study.The variationof creep strain rates is clearly shown that the secondary creep obeyed and well agreement with a power law relationship as the constant increase creep rate till the tertiary stages of specimen test.
Internal Geometric and Electronic Structures of Natural Bornite Crystal
Authors: Deng Jiu Shuai , Wen Shu Ming , Liu Dan , Bai Shao Jun , Cao Qin Bo
Published: August 2013

The geometric and electronic structures of bornite (Cu5FeS4) were studied using the first-principle calculation based on density function theory. By analyzing the results, a mixed bonding state is found in bornite, which is a strong covalent bond with much weaker ionic bonds. The interaction between S and Fe is stronger than that between S and Cu. The main bonding orbitals are as follows: Cu: 3d104s1, S: 3s23p4, and Fe: 3d64s2. Fe center is to be reduced receiving electrons in its 3d orbitals and the S center is mostly to be oxidized.
Mathematical Simulation of Rigid Pile Composite Foundation with Lateral Unloading
Authors: Ma Jing , Chen Wen Sheng , Hu Xue Feng
Published: August 2013

Based on the Finite Element Method ,a model has been built to study the impact of rigid pile composite foundation with lateral unloading,then obtained a conclusion about the horizontal displacement during excavating.
Technological and Characterization Study on Preparation of Activated Carbon from Heilongjiang Coal
Authors: Shao Jing Jing
Published: August 2013

In order to find suitable coal and preparation process of activated carbon from Heilongjiang coal , this paper studied preparation of activated carbon from Qitaihe, Yilan and Jixi coal, the factor of the absorption value of I2, such as the raw coal type, ratio of alkali/carbon, activated temperature, activated time by the method of orthogonal design. The study featured the better coal and optimum conditions: The results showed that Qitaihe anthracite was the better, and the activated carbon of which the absorption value of I2 and BET surface area respectively reached up to 1946 mg·g-1 and 1721 m2·g-1 above, was prepared by Qitaihe anthracite pretreated under the experimental conditions of activated temperature of 850°C, activated time of 120min and ratio of alkali/carbon of 5/1. This disquisition has definite practical significance for open the applied realm of Heilongjiang coals.
Evaluation of Protective Effectiveness and Microstructure of Silicate Concrete Sealer
Authors: Zou Si Yu , Huang Ran , Cheng An , Lin Wei Ting
Published: August 2013

This study employed Taguchi method to identify key factors influencing the protection provided by the surface treatment of reinforced concrete structures. We evaluated the protective characteristics of silicate concrete sealer (SCS) as well as its underlying mechanisms. An L12 (27) orthogonal array was produced using seven control factors and two levels to obtain the necessary data from only twelve experiments. Tests were performed to evaluate compressive strength, water absorption, and permeability. The major factors influencing the effectiveness of SCS included the water-binder ratio of the substrate, cumulative curing time of the sealer, content of pozzolanic material, and type of sealer materials. XRD analysis and SEM observation revealed the composition and efficacy of SCS in protecting concrete. The SCS reacted chemically with the cement hydration product Ca (OH)2 and filled the pore structure with C-S-H gel, which succeeded in greatly improving the mechanical properties of the concrete.
An Efficient Environmentally-Friendly Materials for Concrete Building Protection
Authors: Wang Hong Song , Li Lei , Wang Rui , Tian Qian
Published: August 2013

The concrete building protection materials is widely in the hydraulic and bridge engineering. In the external environment, water, chloride ion, deicing salt and freeze-thaw cycle is the greatest enemy of the concrete builidng , leading to concrete corrosion damage. we found that silane materials is an efficient materials for building protection ，water absorption rate of silicone protected specimens is no more than 0.004 mm/min0.5and the chloride diffusion coefficient was clearly reduced. The silane can penetrate into a few centimeters below the surface of the concrete structure to provide long-term protection. So the silane materials is considered the most suitable for concrete protection.
Research on the Calculation Method for Cement Manufacture Carbon Footprint
Authors: Gan Yu Feng , Qin Xian Ming , Guo Hong
Published: August 2013

To form a carbon footprint calculation method for cement manufacture, a detail analysis is conducted on the essential factors of the manufacturing process of the cement industry in Fujian Province. From the analysis result, the calculation model and calculation process for cement manufacture carbon footprint is formed to provide a scientific basis for the carbon footprint calculation.
Densification Behavior of Nano Y-TZP Ceramics
Authors: Norakmal A. , Singh Ramesh , Tan C.Y. , Teng W.D.
Published: August 2013

The effects of sintering temperatures on consolidation and mechanical properties of 3 mol% Y-TZP (3Y-TZP) powders were studied in this work. Samples were sintered at 1250°C to 1450°C sintering temperature in air. Throughout the sintering regime, high value of relative bulk density 99.41% of theoretical densities was obtained for the maximum sintering temperature. Maximum Young's modulus of 3Y-TZP was obtained at 1450°C and maximum fracture toughness value of 3Y-TZP was observed at the 1300°C sintering temperature. The Vickers's hardness values of 3Y-TZP also increased gradually with sintering temperature.
Influence of Fiber Volume Fraction and Aggregate Size on Flexural Behavior of High Strength Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (SFRC)
Authors: Jang Seok Joon , Yun Yeon Jun , Yun Hyun Do
Published: August 2013

The effects of aggregate size and fiber volume fraction on the flexural behavior of 70MPa high strength steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) were investigated in this work. Test variables consist of fiber volume fraction (0, 1 and 2 %) and maximum aggregate size (8, 13 and 20 mm). The prism for flexural test was 100 x 100 x 400 mm and was tested under four points loading. Flexural toughness index was measured using ASTM C 1018 procedure. Test results indicated that the addition of steel fiber to 70MPa high strength concrete improves flexural and post-cracking behaviors. This phenomenon is remarkable for SFRC mixture with higher fiber content and smaller aggregate size. Also, the flexural toughness of high strength SFRC depends primarily on fiber content. The maximum aggregate sizes were secondary in importance.