bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Python-WSGI and PHP-Apache Web Server Performance Analysis by Search Page Generator (SPG)
Authors: Mohammed Hataw Jalal , Faraj Kamaran Hama Ali
Published: June 2021

The web servers (WSGI-Python) and (PHP-Apache) are in middleware tier architecture. Middleware architecture is between frontend tier and backend tier, otherwise it’s a connection between frontend tier and backend tier for three tier architecture. The ELearning systems are designed by two different dynamic web technologies. First is by Python-WSGI and the second is by Personal Home Page (PHP-Apache). The two websites were designed with different open source and cross platform web technologies programming language namely; Python and PHP in the same structure and weight will evaluate perform over two different operating systems (OSs): 1) Windows-16 and 2) Linux-Ubuntu 20.4. Both systems run over the same computer architecture (64bit) as a server side with a common backend MySQL web database for both of them. Nevertheless, the middleware for PHP is a cross Apache MySQL PHP Perl (XAMPP), but the middleware for Python is Pycharm and the web server gateway interface (WSGI). WSGI and Apache are both web servers and this paper will show which of them has a better response time (RT). On the one hand, the experimental results demonstrate that the Python-WSGI is even weightier in Mbyte than PHP-Apache, on the other hand Python is still faster and more accurate than PHP. The designed SPG is by handwriting codes: one time designed the SPG by PHP source code and the other time designed by Python source code. Both Python-WSGI and PHP-Apache results are targeted to compare by the least time in milliseconds and take in to account enhanced performance.
A ROS-Gazebo Interface for the Katana Robotic Arm Manipulation
Authors: Agha Rawan A. AlRashid , Mahdi Zhwan Hani , Sefer Muhammed N. , Hamarash Ibrahim
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, simulators are being used more and more during the development of robotic systems due to the efficiency of the development and testing processes of such applications. Undoubtedly, these simulators save time, resources and costs, as well as enable ease of demonstrations of the system. Specifically, tools like the open source Robotic Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo have gained popularity in building models of robotic systems. ROS is extensively used in robotics due to the pros of hardware abstraction and code reuse. The Gazebo platform is used for visualisation because of its high compatibility with ROS. In this paper, ROS and Gazebo have been integrated to build an interface for the visualisation of the Katana Arm manipulator.
Contingency Analysis and Ranking of Kurdistan Region Power System Using Voltage Performance Index
Authors: Rasool Ali Abdulqadir , Abbas Najimaldin M. , Sheikhyounis Kamal
Published: June 2021

In this paper, analysis and ranking of single contingency due to the outage of transmission lines for a large scale power system of the Kurdistan Region (KR) are presented. Power System Simulator software (PSS®E33) is used to simulate the Kurdistan Region power system network and perform the contingency analysis for single line outage. This analysis is essential in order to predict and evaluate the voltage stability in case of contingency occurrence to know the most severe case and plan for managing it. All possible transmission line outages of the network are tested individually. After each branch disconnects, load flow analysis are applied by using Newton Raphson method then all bus voltages are recorded, and compared with them before the contingency. Voltage performance index is calculated for all possible contingencies to rank them according to their severity and determine the most severe contingency which is corresponding to the highest value of performance index. Also, the contingencies which cause load loss and amount of this load are observed.
The Role of Quality Assurance in Geological Investigations: A Case Study
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan K.
Published: June 2021

Implementation of a Quality Assurance (QA) program in geological investigation is very significant and essential, especially when the investigation is carried out for selection and evaluation of strategic and vital project sites. The current work is a case study for selection and evaluation of a strategic site in Iraq where a QA program was implemented for the first time in the Iraq Geological Survey (as a Contractor) as a mandatory condition implied by the Client for all work carried out and included in the geological investigation. The geological investigation included six main activities: 1) geology, 2) hydrogeology, 3) geophysics, 4) engineering geology, 5) drilling and 6) laboratory work. The main roles of QA staff were to: 1) check the qualifications of all staff members involved in the six activities, 2) verify work procedures by means of which the staff members of each activity were performing their tasks, 3) follow-up all carried out works in the field, laboratory and office, 4) verify all types of work outputs by the staff members of the six activities, and 5) recognize any nonconformance in any type of carried out work before been recognized by the QA and/ or Quality Control (QC) staff of the Client. During the performance of the contract that lasted for 30 months, three nonconformance cases by the Contractor were recognized by the QA staff members and relevant corrective actions were performed. The three cases were not detected or recognized by the QA and QC staff members of the Client.
The Effect of Total Quality Management on Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence from the Construction Sector in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region – Iraq
Authors: Faeq Dalia Khalid , Garanti Zanete , Sadq Zana Majed
Published: June 2021

This empirical study seeks to examine the effect of Total Quality Management characterized by (management-leadership, employee relations, supplier management, project design, training, quality data and reporting, process management, continuous improvement, and customer focus) via organizational performance in the sector of construction in Sulaymaniyah City - Kurdistan Region - Iraq. For conducting this study, the data was collected through primary sources using a survey questionnaire to collect data from (106) leaders, heads of departments, managers, and supervisors. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical analysis tools like SPSS and SEM. The results showed that all the principles of Total Quality Management have a significant positive impact on construction company performance. The proposed model showed an acceptable fit.
An Analysis of the Determinants of Household Expenditures in Rwanda
Authors: Maniriho Aristide , Musabanganji Edouard , Nkikabahizi Ferdinand , Ruranga Charles , Lebailly Philippe
Published: June 2021

Economists use two different approaches, unitary and collective, to analyze household decisions. The unitary approach ignores the differences between single-person and multi-person households, whereas the collective approach states that each person in the household must be characterized by specific preferences. The household’s decisions concern mainly the allocation of their income to current consumption or for savings and future consumer expenditures. This study uses the Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) data collected from a random sample in 2015 in Rwanda. The ordinary least squares (OLS) method was applied to a linear regression model to estimate the household demand functions (total household consumption expenditures, household food consumption expenditures and household nonfood consumption expenditures). The results show that the socioeconomic characteristics of the household, the possession of productive assets and wealth conditions as well as the household locational controls are among the primary drivers of its consumption expenditures. The findings highlight the policy efforts that improve household human capital (education, health), access to and capitalization of productive assets and financial capital, continuous urbanization of rural areas, and sustained provision of quality infrastructure, to achieve high standards of household welfare.
Analisis Pengaruh Jumlah Bilge Keel terhadap Gerakan Rolling pada Kapal Patroli 14 m
Authors: Widyatmoko Ari , Samuel Samuel , Manik Parlindungan , Trimulyono Andi
Published: June 2021

AbstrakKapal Patroli merupakan kapal yang memiliki ukuran yang relatif kecil, namun memiliki kecepatan yang cukup tinggi. Bentuk kapal yang kecil akan berpengaruh terhadap gerakan rolling kapal, sehingga menarik untuk dibahas secara mendalam pengaruh pemasangan bilge keel terhadap gerakan kapal. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis pengaruh bilge keel yang ditambah jumlahnya menjadi 2 pasang dan 3 pasang terhadap efek gerakan rolling kapal agar dapat memperbaiki performa kapal menjadi lebih baik. Model kapal patroli yang telah didesain akan dianalisis menggunakan metode BEM (Boundary Element Method) yang terintegrasi untuk mendapatkan nilai rolling pada setiap model yang dianalisis. Pada penelitian ini, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa penambahan jumlah bilge keel akan menambah RMS rolling sebesar 11-50% pada kecepatan rendah, namun dapat mengurangi RMS rolling sebesar 7-28% pada kecepatan tinggi.Kata kunci: Bilge Keel, Kapal Patroli, Olah Gerak Kapal, Rolling.AbstractA Study on the Effects of Bilge Keel Number on 14 m Patrol Boat’s Rolling Motion: Patrol boats can move at such high speed despite their relatively small size. This relatively small size will affect its rolling motions, hence the effect of bilge keel installation on ship motions is an interesting topic to discuss. In this study, the effect of adding bilge keel pair to 2 and 3 pairs of bilge keel on ship’s rolling motions was studied so that the ship’s performance becomes more optimal. The patrol boat model that had been designed was studied using integrated BEM (Boundary Element Method) to obtain each model’s rolling value. This study concluded that the addition of installed bilge keel pairs increased RMS rolling by 11-50% on low speed, but it reduced 7-28% RMS rolling at high speed.Keywords:  Bilge Keel, Patrol boats, Ship motions, Rolling.
The impact of public information awareness and service towards public engagement
Authors: Zellatifanny Cut Medika , Rumata Vience Mutiara , Sakinah Awit Marwati
Published: June 2021

Public participation in policymaking remains a significant challenge in Indonesia. Previous studies found that public participation in the policymaking process is still dominated by the elite (i.e. policymakers). This paper argues that a lack of well-informed public causes diminishing public involvement in policymaking. This study aims to fill the gap in public participation study in Indonesia, particularly the impact of public information on public participation. This study measures to what extent public information awareness and public information service may form public participation behaviour. As quantitative research, this study uses a survey as the primary method to collect data. The questionnaire was constructed through concepts and legal documents related to public information disclosure and public information services. The multi-stage proportional random sampling is applied with the number of samples in this study is 1,584 in 25 provinces (out of 34 provinces). The results show that public information awareness significantly impacts public participation, while public information service satisfaction does not affect public participation.
When advertisements are disguised as news: the ethics problem in Indonesian mass media
Authors: Krisdinanto Nanang
Published: June 2021

The practice of obscuring news and advertising is still a problem in the Indonesian mass media. This research aimed to unravel journalistic ethics problems, especially those related to advertorials (advertisements delivered in an editorial style). The clear separation between news and advertisements is one of the two pillars of journalistic ethics, apart from separating facts and opinions to maintain journalistic independence. The research approach used was qualitative-descriptive, with data collection techniques through interviews (to journalists), observation and document searches. The results showed that most of the printed mass media studied tended to blur the boundaries between news and advertisements through various means, such as removing or shortening advertorial information.
HARVARD BUSİNESS REVİEW TÜRKİYE PERSPEKTİFİNDEN GİRİŞİMCİLİK VE GİRİŞİMCİ DAVRANIŞI
Authors: TURHAN Melike
Published: June 2021

Amaç - Girişimcilik, günümüz teknoloji ve yüzyılın özellikleri göz önüne alındığında; firmaların yol haritasında mutlak bir adres olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Girişimcilik aynı zamanda firmaların ayakta kalma mücadelesinde; işletmeleri makro ve mikro düzeyde kalkınma ve büyümenin sağlanmasında, çıkış anahtarı önemini taşıdığı da yadsınamaz bir gerçek haline gelmiştir. Bu noktada çalışmanın amacı, iş dünyasında işletme sahibi girişimcilerin süreci nasıl ele alması gerektiği ve süreci nasıl yöneteceği gibi noktalarda bir yol haritası sunmak hedeflenmektedir.

Yöntem - Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Nitel araştırma sürecinde bilgiler dokümanlar yoluyla elde edilerek; analiz aşamasında ise Maxqda 2021 nitel analiz programı aracılığıyla bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Veri tabanında ise Türkiye HBR dergisi alt yapısı kullanılarak “Girişimcilik” taramasında dergi bünyesinde konuyla ilgili toplam 267 çalışma (makale, blog yazıları, videolar, röportajlar) olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmaların tümü veri kaynağından elde edilerek incelenmiş ve araştırmanın veri setine dahil edilmiştir.

Sonuçlar- Yapılan analiz sonuçların girişimcilikle ilgili kodlamaların ağırlıklı sekiz tema altın toplandığı görülmüştür. Girişimcilikte bireylerin süreçleri ele almada küreselleşme ve kurum içi girişimciliğe yönelmeleri; müşteri odaklılık ve değer yaratma, başarı için girişimci ruh ve zihniyet; süreçte inovasyon, dijitalleşme ve teknolojinin girişimcilik yeteneğiyle birleşmesi çalışmanın önemli bulguları arasındadır.

Özgün Değer- Girişimcilik sürecinde firma sahipleri ya da iş dünyasında faaliyet gösteren aktörlerin süreçteki kavramların ne olduğundan ziyade; süreci nasıl ele alması konusundaki örüntünün ortaya koyulması.
The Role of Iron Adequacy for Maternal and Fetal Health
Authors: Sungkar Ali
Published: June 2021

Nearly half of pregnant women in the world are reported to suffer anemia. And most of them are caused by iron deficiency, while the others by folate, vitamin B12 or vitamin A deficiency, chronic inflammation, parasite infections and hereditary disorders. Anemia in pregnant women is characterized when < 11 g / dL or any time during pregnancy. And when followed by low iron, it's called iron deficiency anemia.

Iron plays an important role in many metabolic processes by transporting oxygen and allowing cells to generate energy. Low iron levels during pregnancy leading to anemia, related to an heightened risk of mother and fetus disease. Iron deficiency anemia can affect fetal development and persist long-term, while mild and serious pregnancy anemia can lead to premature birth, maternal and child mortality, bleeding, and infectious disease. The iron requirement during pregnancy exceeds 1000 mg for red cell expansion, 300 mg – 350 mg for developing fetus and placenta, and 250 mg for variable blood loss at delivery. Iron adequacy during pregnancy can be assured by proper nutrition, iron supplementation and fortification, and intravenous iron or blood transfusion. Iron supplementation is only enough to cover the prenatal iron requirements.

Summary: Iron deficiency leading to anemia, rising risk of negative pregnancy outcomes. To meet increasing iron requirements during pregnancy including iron supplementation, fortification of staple iron foods, and intravenous iron or blood transfusion if required.
Patient satisfaction with intraoral examination in a Nigerian tertiary hospital
Authors: Edetanlen Ekaniyere Benlance , Babalola Olajumoke , Lawani Ufadime
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

While studies on satisfaction following medical procedures are well documented, but this is not so with dental procedures. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of satisfaction in patient undergoing intraoral examination (IOE).

Material and Methods:

Consecutive patients attending the oral diagnosis clinic of University of Benin Teaching Hospital from April 2020 to September 2020 were interviewed using a questionnaire modified from the modified Group Health Association of America-9 questionnaire.

Results:

A total number of 103 consecutive dental patients were recruited as they all agreed to participate in the study. The age range was 18–77 years with a mean age of 35.8 ± 14.3 years. There were more males (51.5%). The overall satisfaction was 82.5%. The maximum satisfactory response was on doctor’s manner (93.2%), followed by staff ’s manner (89.3%), comfort during IOE (80.6%), adequate explanation (78.6%), and finally by waiting time (60.2%). There was association between occupation (P = 0.04) of the patients, type of dental condition (P = 0.03), waiting time (P = 0.01), doctor’s manner (P = 0.00), staff manner (P = 0.00), adequate explanation (P = 0.00), comfort during IOE (P = 0.00), and level of satisfaction. The problem rate was 16%.

Conclusion:

Although waiting time and adequate explanation ranked the highest in terms of unfavorable responses, the overall satisfaction of patients following IOE was generally good. The factors that influence satisfaction were occupation of the patients, type of dental condition, waiting time, doctor’s manner, staff manner, adequate explanation, and comfort during IOE.
Giant Melon seed Bodies in Painless Shoulder Swelling
Authors: Singh Rashmi , Goyal Ankur , Srivastava Deep N. , Gautam Deepak
Published: June 2021

Melon seed bodies are a non-specific manifestation of chronic synovial inflammation associated with various arthritides such as tubercular, rheumatoid, and seronegative arthritis. Characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of these bodies differentiates them from other differential diagnoses (such as synovial chondromatosis and pigmented villonodular synovitis). Ultrasonography and MRI, in combination with clinical and laboratory details, can suggest the possible etiology. Medical management of the underlying cause, along with arthroscopic removal of pathognomonic bodies, is the preferred treatment.
Lipoma in olecranon bursa: A case report
Authors: Agarwal Shalini , Siwach Jyoti , Wadi Ramneet , Gupta Nipun
Published: June 2021

We report a case of a 55-year-old male patient who presented with swelling over his right elbow of 5-year duration. An ultrasound examination revealed an echogenic mass within the olecranon bursa. On magnetic resonance imaging, the mass revealed the signal intensity of fat, and it was attached to the bursal lining by means of a pedicle. There was no restriction on diffusion-weighted images and no significant contrast enhancement. Excision was performed under local anesthesia. The excised specimen revealed mature fat cells on histopathology.
Shear wave elastography of ulnar nerve in arm: An observational study for evaluation of performance
Authors: Narayan Shamrendra , Choudhury Nilotpal , Singh Ajai Kumar , Anand Tushar , Raj Gaurav , Agarwal Dipti
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

The performance of shear wave elastography (SWE) for peripheral nerve pathology, predominantly compressive neuropathy, has been studied with the median nerve, sciatic nerve, and tibial nerve. However, studies for ulnar nerve are limited in literature. The aim of the study was to study the performance of SWE for ulnar nerve in arm by analyzing the correlation of elasticity value by two transducers of the same ultrasound system.

Material and Methods:

This was a prospective observational study. Elasticity of ulnar nerve was measured in the mid-arm and supracondylar region in longitudinal and transverse planes with two different transducers of the same ultrasound system. The reliability of measurement was assessed by interclass correlation of values obtained.

Results:

Ninety-two ulnar nerve measurement sets were analyzed. The ages of the patients ranged from 14 years to 76 years, with a median age of 50. The SWE values obtained by two probes showed a weak interclass correlation coefficient value <0.5.

Conclusion:

Quantitative SWE measurements of the ulnar nerve in the arm by two transducers showed a weak interclass correlation. It should be used with caution as a diagnostic tool with a universally acceptable cut off values.
Problematika Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Microsoft Teams pada Masa Pandemi
Authors: Ulya M. Abdul Wahid
Published: June 2021

Penelitian tentang pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam telah banyak dilakukan, namun memasukkan problematika pembelajaran microsoft team di dalamnya masih belum ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis problematika yang dihadapi peserta didik melalui microsoft team saat pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam secara daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan melibatkan 148 peserta didik laki-laki dan perempuan. Angket dijadikan sebagai alat pengumpulan data dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa problematika yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dengan menggunakan microsoft team di masa daring adalah; merasa kesulitan dalam memahami materi melalui virtual meeting; kemudian terkendala sinyal dan jaringan dalam pembelajaran microsoft team; selanjutnya timbul rasa malas karena daring atau e-learning dalam pembelajaran menggunakan microsoft team; peserta didik merasa terbebani dengan tugas keagamaan yang bersifat praktik saat pembelajaran daring menggunakan microsoft team; dan yang terakhir minimnya dorongan spiritual dari pendidik dalam penggunaan microsoft team saat pembelajaran daring. Hasil penelitian ini berimplikasi pada teori “pembelajaran pendidikan agama Islam dengan microsoft team” dalam diskursus pendidikan Islam.
Activité physique, connaissances en santé et habitudes alimentaires d’élèves belge : effets de la méthodologie Oblomov
Authors: Franck Nicolas , Remacle Maurine , Mouton Alexandre , Cloes Marc
Published: June 2021

En Belgique, seuls 2% des enfants âgés de 6 à 9 ans atteignent les recommandations internationales d’activité physique (AP). Ce constat souligne le besoin d’actions concrètes pour réduire l’inactivité des pré-adolescents, particulièrement au cours d’éducation physique (EP). Développé dans le cadre d’un programme Erasmus +, le projet ObLoMoV (https://www.oblomovproject.eu) propose une combinaison originale d’imaginaire et de HIIT. L’objectif de cette étude consiste à analyser l’influence de cette approche pédagogique sur l’AP auto-rapportée, les connaissances en santé et les habitudes alimentaires d’élèves de l’enseignement fondamental. Cela s’inscrit dans le cadre du modèle d’analyse du processus d’enseignement-apprentissage. Cinq enseignants en EP ont proposé un cycle de 10 leçons à 176 élèves de 5ème et 6ème années. Chaque leçon combinait High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), théâtralisation et éducation à la santé.
Avis et ressentis des enseignants en éducation physique sur la méthode ObLoMoV (Obesity and Low Motility Victims)
Authors: Remacle Maurine , Franck Nicolas , Mouton Alexandre , Cloes Marc
Published: June 2021

L’approche ObLoMoV vise à susciter l’intérêt envers la pratique d’activité physique de jeunes physiquement déconditionnés, en s’appuyant sur la combinaison du High Intensity Interval Training (entraînement par intervalles à haute intensité) et la théâtralisation. L’objectif de cette étude consiste à analyser les avis et les ressentis des enseignants en éducation physique (EP) qui ont testé cette approche. Cinq enseignants ont suivi une formation de deux jours visant à expliquer les principes de la méthode et à leur permettre d'acquérir des compétences fondamentales liées à l'utilisation de techniques de dramatisation. Ensuite, ils ont proposé un cycle de dix séances à leurs élèves. Des questionnaires et/ou entretiens ont été proposés avant et après la formation, avant et après le cycle. Les enseignants ont envoyé des rapports audio après chaque leçon. De manière globale, les enseignants sont satisfaits de cette méthode mais quelques améliorations sont nécessaires pour proposer le projet à d’autres intervenants.
Iberoamerican Contribution for the Achievement of the Objectives of the Roadmap to Accelerate Marine Spatial Planning Processes Worldwide
Authors: Iglesias-Campos Alejandro , Quesada-Silva Michele
Published: June 2021

Since 1997, IOC-UNESCO has been developing and applying the concepts of coastal and marine management and planning, as part of its institutional strategy. The conclusions of the first international conference on marine spatial planning (MSP) in 2006 led to the publication of the first step-by-step guide to support IOC-UNESCO’s Member States in the development of marine spatial plans. IOC-UNESCO and the European Commission committed themselves in 2017 to promote the development of MSP at global level through a roadmap (MSProadmap) open to all countries of the world. Ibero-American countries are active beneficiaries of this roadmap and the MSPglobal Initiative, in its pilot cases in the Western Mediterranean and the Southeast Pacific. The objective is to support the implementation of actions to advance national planning processes considering transboundary aspects in favor of institutional exchange and cooperation at regional level. This article puts into context the present and future joint work of the IOC-UNESCO and its Ibero-American Member States, in line with the commitments and objectives of the Agenda 2030 and the Ocean Decade (2021-2030).
Marine Spatial Planning in Colombia: Advances and Challenges Facing the Implementation
of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development
Authors: González Sonia , Marín Iván , Verano Carlos , Castro Alejandro , Vargas Laura
Published: June 2021

The oceans present high levels of degradation and affectation by human activities and global warming, hence the use of the Decade of Ocean Sciences for Sustainable Development of the United Nations 2021-2030 (Decade), where Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is included, are seen as initiatives that contribute to improve the current situation of the world’s marine ecosystems. In Colombia the MSP is understood as the Marine-Coastal Planning (OMC by its acronym in Spanish) and even though it has presented progress in recent years, due to the lack of approval of law projects, there are legal gaps in Marine-Coastal Planning that hinders its development. However, the policy instruments that Colombia has on oceans and coastal spaces such as the National Policy of the Ocean and Coastal Spaces (PNOEC by its acronym in Spanish) and the CONPES “Colombia Sustainable Bioceanic Power 2030” (CONPES 3990 by its acronym in Spanish) turn out to be strategic tools that help to complement those gaps found. Through this article, a diagnosis of the panorama of MSP in Colombia is made regarding the implementation of plans and projects that the Decade can develop and strengthen in the country. For which a bibliographic review of the main policies and instruments of Marine-Coastal Planning in Colombia was carried out.
Context and Development of the Coastal Marine Environmental Management In Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Martínez Andrea , López Rodríguez Angela Cecilia , González Delgadillo Ana María
Published: June 2021

In Colombia, in order to meet the challenges of coastal marine management and responding to international commitments, it was adopted in 2000 the “National Environmental Policy for the Sustainable Development of Ocean Spaces and Coastal and Insular Zones of Colombia - PNAOCI ”, which has an ecosystem approach and as a conceptual framework, the integrated management of coastal zones -MIZC (or integrated coastal management - MCI / integrated coastal management - GCI), seeking to balance environmental protection and economic development, to contribute to the Physical ordering of the territory (Territorial Ordering), from the environmental ordering. For this, criteria were defined to guide the definition of the coastal zone in the country and spatial units (Coastal Environmental Units – UACs, acronym in Spanish) were delimited, as continuous geographical areas, involving land and sea space, with clearly defined ecosystems, which they require a unified visualization and management that brings together local and subregional territorial entities; in addition to consolidating over 20 years, a conceptual, political, regulatory, technical and operational support. In the legal context, as of Law 1450 of 2011, the generation of normative support regarding the UACs and the Plans for the management and integrated management of coastal environmental units (POMIUAC, acronym in Spanish) was promoted, as a planning instrument (Decree 1120 of 2013, compiled in Decree 1076 of 2015); Likewise, based on practical cases, a methodological framework was built embodied in a technical guide for the preparation of the POMIUAC, adopted by Resolution 768 of 2017. On the other hand, although the advances in the coastal marine environmental regulation in Colombia are oriented under the MIZC, given the similarities in terms of definition, spatial scope, scope and methodology, that they have with marine spatial planning (PEM), it can be said that these processes developed in Colombia under the MIZC scheme contribute to the development of the PEM concept In the country, and in the opposite case, practical EMP exercises that are addressed could complement the advances that the country has made in this area under the policy and regulatory framework that supports it.
Background of the Bathymetric Cartography of Mexico
Authors: Durón Díaz Juan Javier , Frías Ibarra Félix
Published: June 2021

At present the Mexican oceans are important for economic, social, and climatic reasons; Mexico’s privileged geographic location, between two oceans, largely explains the enormous biological and environmental diversity that it brings together, in addition to its wide range of marine resources and ecosystems. A determining factor that influences marine life is undoubtedly the relief that is submerged in the oceans, since different ecosystems originate in it where diversity of species is concentrated. Likewise, a great diversity of metals and hydrocarbons are concentrated in the relief, which currently constitute another wealth for Mexico. Given this, the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI, by its acronym in spanish)) has been given the task of providing data and geographic information of the undersea relief of Mexico through bathymetric cartography to represent the seabed to assist in decision-making in the areas economic, political, social, and technical, as well as for the planning and development of marine infrastructure and, where appropriate, for disaster prevention and response.
Basis for Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). An interpretation for the Gulf of Cadiz
Authors: Fernández-Salvador Sergio , García Sanabria Javier , García-Onetti Javier
Published: June 2021

Numerous human activities take place in the marine area of ​​the Gulf of Cádiz, making it necessary to organize space through their spatial and temporal distribution. With the aim of combining the long-term conservation of marine biodiversity and the development of an economic activity that makes it possible to maintain over time the capacity of the marine environment to provide ecosystem services. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is being an effective process regarding the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in the marine space to the achievement of ecological, economical and social objectives. MSP is usually schematized in 10 phases, in which among others it is found 5th phase: Defining and analyzing existing conditions. The aim of this document is the development of this phase in the Gulf of Cadiz, pretending to provide some of the needed basis to cope effectively with this process. Furthemore, in order to transfer the analyzes to the territory, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been used, showing how useful these are to address PEM processes. It is worth highlighting, among the results, the need to develop the MSP within a framework of cooperation and coordination between the Administrations that undertake the planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), that is, MSP and ICZM. In the Gulf of Cadiz, the main conflictive areas have been detected near to the coast and in semi-closed environments, such as bays and estuaries.
Opportunities to implement the Marine and Coastal Spatial Planning in Ecuador, a Case Study in the Northern Coast of Manabí Province
Authors: Iturralde M. Gustavo , Vera H. Mayra , Coronel Q. Jorge
Published: June 2021

In 2018, the Ministry of the Environment and Water, with the support of the German International Cooperation Agency (Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GIZ), evaluated the possibility of developing a marine and coastal spatial planning process in the northern coastal area of Manabí province, Ecuador. Based on the outcomes from workshops and interviews in the territory, the main socio-economic and environmental issues related to management in the coastal zone were identified. The uses resources in the area (artisanal fishing, conservation, industrial fishing and tourism), and the conflicts between users/ stakeholders were determined. The local communities expressed their willingness to initiate a marine and coastal management and ordering process due to their perception indicating that the rules are not being met and the existence of several conflicts, mainly between industrial and small-scale (artisanal) fishing. From the beginning of the project, we worked together with the local coastal communities, and the application of spatial analysis tools and remote sensors that served to alleviate the scarcity of available information. A methodology was then presented to assess the pre-feasibility of the area, with the aim to define how feasible, it is to carry out the process of planning marine and coastal uses. Once the viability was analyzed, three future management scenarios are proposed along with recommendations for the management of the area and the lessons learned. The study area has a high pre-feasibility to begin a process de marine and coastal planning due to the support of the local communities and the limited conflicts. Thus, it is recommended that this type of process should be promoted by the environmental authority by engaging and empowering resource users, before the conflicts are exacerbated and the communities and local governments lose interest due to lack of institutional support.
ANALISIS KINERJA PENURUNAN DEFORESTASI DI 10 IZIN HUTAN DESA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR
Authors: Nurdwiansyah Denni , Hardiansyah Gusti , Roslinda Emi
Published: June 2021

The effectiveness of devolution policies through social forestry programs in village forest schemes is still being debated at regional, national, and international levels. It departs from the fact that the community has limited resources in managing forests in the long run (35 years). The background of this research is to measure the implementation of devolution policy in 10 granted village forest licenses in the sub-district of Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya District, and its relationship with deforestation rates. The study was conducted by survey method and data collection with literature studies and observations. Observation aims to measure the biophysical condition of the forest as well as the social and economic conditions of the community in the village. The data is processed and analyzed using spatial analysis and performance analysis. The results showed that the devolution policy through the issuance of 10 village forest licenses was proven to be able to improve performance in reducing deforestation, especially after one year of the village forest permits were granted. Keywords: devolution, social forestry, village forest, deforestation, performance AbstrakEfektifitas kebijakan devolusi melalui program perhutanan sosial skema hutan desa masih menjadi perdebatan di level regional, nasional, dan internasional. Hal ini berangkat dari fakta keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan dalam jangka waktu panjang (35 tahun). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengurai implementasi kebijakan devolusi di 10 izin hutan desa Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap laju deforestasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dengan studi literatur dan observasi. Observasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi biofisik hutan serta kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat di desa. Data-data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebijakan devolusi melalui pemberian 10 izin hutan desa telah terbukti secara kumulatif mampu meningkatkan kinerja positif dalam penurunan deforestasi, terutama setelah satu tahun izin hutan desa diberikan.Kata kunci: devolusi, perhutanan sosial, hutan desa, deforestasi, kinerja
El Arbitraje Administrativo en la contratación pública peruana: ¿evolución o contradicción?
Authors:   Universidad de Lima, Tafur Scaglia Sergio Alberto
Published: June 2021

Con el devenir de la modernidad han surgido relaciones comerciales de diversa índole que han derivado en nuevos tipos de conflicto y que requieren una particular atención. Este contexto ha demostrado, con meridiana claridad, que las instancias ordinarias del Derecho no tienen el expertise necesario para afrontar este tipo de problemas. Así, el Derecho moderno, al ser un fenómeno social, ha ido adaptándose a esta evolución. En ese ámbito, es donde progresivamente el arbitraje ha tomado mayor relevancia con los años. Actualmente, los estamentos legales tradicionales, como el Poder Judicial, más allá de su evidente impericia en ciertas materias, no se dan abasto para solucionar con eficiencia las controversias sometidas a su jurisdicción. En virtud de ello, el Estado peruano, dentro de su marco legal, ha dispuesto a la figura del arbitraje como un medio para evitar los tribunales judiciales nacionales a fin de resolver las disputas entre entidades gubernamentales y privados. A tal punto que el mismo Estado en su Ley de Contrataciones con el Estado del año 2008 —publicada mediante el Decreto Legislativo 1017— mencionó el concepto de arbitraje administrativo, el cual aún es usado en nuestros días sin tener una definición clara y precisa. El objeto del presente artículo pretende desarrollar esta figura partiendo del por qué de la misma y analizar si esta encuentra una razón de existir en el contexto actual de Contrataciones con el Estado o si la misma constituye una quimera jurídica aún en formación. En suma, nuestra intención en las siguientes líneas, sin ser exhaustivos, es dar una breve reflexión sobre lo que de cara al arbitraje importa la regulación del arbitraje administrativo y analizar si esta figura ya existe en el marco actual o, por el contrario, nos encontramos ante una burocratización de la figura.
El costo de la "remasterización" del Arbitraje
Authors: Estrada Rosas Álvaro
Published: June 2021

A raíz de la pandemia producida por la COVID-19, el arbitraje se ha visto obligado a “remasterizarse”, para lo cual ha necesitado implementar el uso de herramientas virtuales. No obstante, la implementación de la tecnología en el arbitraje genera cuestiones o situaciones sumamente problemáticas que son abordadas en el presente artículo de la mano de guías internacionales sobre el uso de la tecnología en el arbitraje.
Residual Energy-Aware Clustering Transformation for LEACH Protocol
Authors: Ullas P. , Shivaprakasha K.S.
Published: June 2021

Energy is one of the crucial performance parameters in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Enhancement of network lifetime is an important consideration as well. Low energy-aware clustering hierarchy (LEACH) is one of the protocols proposed for WSNs. In this paper, a residual energy-aware clustering transformation protocol for LEACH (REACT-LEACH), enhancing performance of LEACH by introducing a clustering mechanism, is proposed. The proposed cluster head (CH) rotation and cluster reformation processes are more effective in REACT-LEACH, as residual energy is considered to be one of the metrics. Performance of REACT-LEACH is validated based on simulations
Analysis of the Discrete-time Multi-queue System with a Cycle-based Scheduler
Authors: Burakowski Wojciech , Sosnowski Maciej
Published: June 2021

This paper presents an analysis of a discrete-time multi-queue system handling a number of packet streams. The analysis focuses on calculating system state distribution and packet sojourn time distribution. The method relied upon for determining system state distribution is based on creating a number of equations that are solved numerically. Next, based on the distribution calculated in such a manner, we derive relations for packet sojourn time distribution. The models studied may be useful for instance in a system supporting a number of virtual links (each of a constant bitrate) that share a common physical link. Isolation of performance of those virtual links needs to be assured. Finally, we present some exemplary numerical results showing the usefulness of the proposed analysis for supporting the system dimensioning process
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОСОБИСТІСНИХ І ГРУПОВИХ БАЗОВИХ ПОТРЕБ СТУДЕНТІВ-ПСИХОЛОГІВ
Authors: Миколенко Н. В.
Published: June 2021

У статті наведено результати дослідження актуальності базових потреб студентів-психологів, що завершують навчання на бакалавраті. Здійснено аналіз наявних досліджень, об’єктом яких є аналіз потреб студентів ЗВО, зроблено висновок про їх фрагментарний характер, а також відсутність робіт, присвячених мотивації студентів-психологів. Обґрунтовано важливість вивчення системи потреб студентів для забезпечення найкращих умов для їх особистісного розвитку та професійної підготовки, формування їх готовності до майбутньої професійної діяльності. З’ясовано, що термін «базові потреби» не є чітко окресленим. Дослідження ґрунтується на класифікації базових потреб за А. Маслоу. Як діагностичний інструментарій використано методику «Потреби» (метод парних порівнянь) В.В. Скворцова; для статистичної обробки результатів було застосовано Т-критерій Стьюдента та кластерний аналіз. Вибірку склали 60 студентів ІV курсу спеціальності «Психологія» (30 денної та 30 заочної форми навчання). Встановлено, що домінуючою групою потреб студентів-психологів ІV курсу є потреби у самореалізації, а найменш актуальною – потреби у безпеці. Визначено найменш задоволені (потреби у самореалізації) та найбільш задоволені (соціальні міжособистісні) потреби студентів. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз студентів денної та заочної форми навчання, результатом якого є висновок про порівняно більшу вираженість потреб у самовираженні студентів заочної форми та більшу вираженість потреб у безпеці студентів денної форми навчання. За допомогою кластерного аналізу виділено три кластери досліджуваних, найбільшим із яких є студенти з актуальними потребами вищого рівня в термінах теорії мотивації А. Маслоу. Сформульовано загальні рекомендації щодо створення умов для самовираження студентів у навчальному процесі. Серед подальших перспектив вивчення цієї проблеми зазначено перегляд та рестандартизацію методики «Потреби» В.В. Скворцова і проведення порівняльних досліджень, а також вивчення за допомогою діагностики групових потреб особливостей академічної студентської групи.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОМУНІКАТИВНИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Шевченко Н. Ф.
Published: June 2021

У статті представлено результати емпіричного дослідження особливостей комунікативних якостей суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності. На підставі аналізу підприємницької діяльності та особливостей професійного спілкування розроблена модель комунікативних якостей у суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності. Визначені комунікативні якості складають три блоки, які виявляються у всіх аспектах комунікативної діяльності підприємців: комунікативній, інтерактивній та перцептивній. Блок «Комунікативно-соціальна компетентність» включає в себе такі якості: комунікабельність, конкретність мислення, емоційна врівноваженість, нормативність поведінки, домінантність, самоконтроль. Блок «Стиль професійно-діяльнісного спілкування» визначається певним орієнтаційним стилем, який домінує у професійно-діяльнісному спілкуванні підприємця. Блок «Комунікативна саморегуляція» характеризує стратегії самопред’явлення підприємця у спілкуванні. Вивчення комунікативно-соціальної компетентності засвідчило, що у досліджуваних, які працюють в сферах продажу і послуг, на високому рівні розвинені комунікабельність, конкретність мислення (розвиненість логічного мислення, кмітливість), нормативність поведінки (реалістичність, раціональність), домінантність (перевага власних рішень, незалежність, орієнтованість на себе). У підприємців, зайнятих у сфері послуг, також виявлено високий рівень емоційної стабільності та самоконтролю. Дослідження орієнтаційних стилів професійно-діяльнісного спілкування показало, що у підприємців, зайнятих у сфері продажу, переважають стилі орієнтації на дію та на перспективу. У підприємців, зайнятих у сфері послуг, переважними виявилися стилі спілкування з орієнтацією на людей і на перспективу. Вивчення особливостей комунікативної саморегуляції показало, що у респондентів обох груп переважає високий рівень здатності до управління самопред’явленням у спілкуванні – суб’єкти підприємницької діяльності вміють добре регулювати свою поведінку і робити її відповідною до ситуації. Під час дослідження було підтверджено припущення про те, що комунікативні якості суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності як єдність універсальних комунікативних якостей особистості (комунікативно- соціальна компетентність, стиль професійно-діяльнісного спілкування та комунікативна саморегуляція) мають характерні особливості залежно від типу підприємницької діяльності.
Introduction
Authors: Green Anna
Published: June 2021

This is a bumper issue of the journal with ten articles on a variety of topics and approaches. It begins with ‘Closing the Gaps’ by Lisa Marriott and Nazila Alinaghi, an update of an earlier article ‘Indicators of Inequality for Māori and Pacific People’ that has been one of the most frequently cited articles published in the journal.
Insanity in a Sea of Islands: Mobility and Mental Health in Aotearoa New Zealand’s Pacific Sphere
Authors: Leckie Jacqueline
Published: June 2021

This article builds upon the fragmentary historical evidence of mental illness and mental health within South Pacific societies to explore the nexus with migration and mobility. The focus is on the Pacific territories that were under Aotearoa New Zealand’s jurisdiction. The article explores concepts of mental health and mobility within Pacific societies that became entangled with European concepts to designate insanity. The paper then discusses how mental illnesses were exacerbated or induced through migration and travel across the Pacific. The last section explores the transfer of mentally ill patients from some Pacific islands to Aotearoa. This article is based upon the 2018 J. D. Stout Lecture at Victoria University of Wellington.
Against All Odds
Authors: Schwass Margot
Published: June 2021

More than eighty years on from the Holocaust, what Elie Wiesel called the ‘duty to bear witness for the dead and for the living’ continues to find literary expression. This year alone, a forgotten novel written at breakneck speed by an exiled German Jew in the aftermath of Kristallnacht – Ulrich Alexander Boschwitz’s, The Passenger,  described as part John Buchan, part Franz Kafka – was unearthed and published in translation by Pushkin Press in London, while previously-unheard testimonies of Nazi ‘death march’ survivors have been transcribed to form the centrepiece of an important new exhibition in the same city.