bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global intellectual search and hemispheric balancing acts: the international face of Brazil’s quest for national development in the Cold War
Authors: Ioris Rafael
Published: August 2020

Even though during its so-called developmentalist period Brazilian leaders sought to actively engage with similar events taking place globally, the historiography on the period continues to be remarkably silent on these important intellectual and political connections. The present article seeks to address this analytical silence by offering a comparative assessment of development-related reflections taking place in Brazil as well as in other parts of the emergent world in the aftermath of World War II. The piece also examines how the Brazilian government promoted its developmental goals by engaging in innovative foreign policy projects (e.g. Operation Pan-America) as a way to demonstrate the convergence between domestic developmental ideas and the country’s main international diplomatic actions.
“Ya de paz, ya de guerra”: desertores e fugitivos nas campanhas do Rio da Prata colonial
Authors: Acruche Hevelly Ferreira
Published: August 2020

As guerras pela posse de territórios envolvendo portugueses e espanhóis têm sido tema relevante na historiografia nacional e internacional. No caso específico do Rio da Prata, a posse da praça da Colônia do Sacramento tornou-se um baluarte estratégico para lusos e hispânicos e seus estabelecimentos coloniais. Ao longo da segunda metade do século XVIII, conflitos envolvendo as duas coroas permitiram que um teatro de operações fosse organizado a fim de combater um inimigo considerado poderoso cuja derrota poderia representar o domínio da navegação dos rios no extremo sul da América. Nesse sentido, o objetivo central deste artigo é tratar do papel dos desertores das tropas portuguesas e espanholas no trânsito de informações sobre o estado de forças dos beligerantes, seu ânimo e as defesas dos impérios ibéricos coloniais às vésperas da chegada de uma expedição comandada por D. Pedro de Cevallos à Praça da Colônia do Sacramento e outras regiões do extremo sul português em 1776.
Entre Chapultepec e o Rio de Janeiro: o “problema argentino”, o Livro Azul e suas repercussões
Authors: Lourenço Neto Sydenham
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste texto é investigar as razões que levaram o Departamento de Estado dos EUA a publicar em 1946 o Livro Azul sobre a Argentina, as repercussões na imprensa brasileira e estrangeira dessa publicação e as implicações para a criação do sistema interamericano e especialmente para as negociações que trataram da realização da Conferência do Rio de Janeiro em 1947. Nossa hipótese é que a reação do Brasil e de outras Repúblicas do continente, minimizando o conteúdo das denúncias apresentadas no Livro Azul, constituíram uma derrota para os EUA e delimitam, no caso brasileiro, aquilo que os especialistas têm chamado de “alinhamento sem recompensas” com os EUA e “diplomacia da obstrução” com relação à Argentina.
“Unirse desde abajo”: O discurso terceiromundista da CGT de los Argentinos e os limites da ortodoxia peronista
Authors: Santos Karolline Pacheco
Published: August 2020

A perspectiva “terceiromundista” foi uma tendência política que se consolidou no discurso revolucionário latino-americano no contexto das ditaduras das décadas de 1960 e 1970. A partir das críticas desenvolvidas pelo teórico argentino Juan José Sebreli a respeito do caráter mítico burguês da ideia de Terceiro Mundo para o processo revolucionário, buscou-se traçar a relação entre as ponderações levantadas pelo autor com a experiência vivenciada pelos trabalhadores argentinos radicalizados em torno da CGT de los Argentinos. Entre os pontos de convergência e divergência no plano discursivo, chegou-se à conclusão de que a cultura política peronista, predominante entre os trabalhadores, confirmava os limites do discurso nacionalista; contudo, a análise do teórico não abarcava a realidade política destes trabalhadores que revelaram outros desdobramentos na lógica discursiva da abordagem terceiromundista.
Notas sobre desigualdade e posse de escravos em Buenos Aires (1778)
Authors: Lima Carlos Alberto Medeiros
Published: August 2020

Este artigo, baseado no recenseamento realizado em 1778 na cidade de Buenos Aires, aborda a estrutura de posse de escravos na cidade. Já se manifestavam altas taxas de crescimento econômico na urbe e na campanha circundante, mas o fim dos anos 1770 foi marcado por algumas dificuldades derivadas da guerra de Independência das colônias continentais inglesas da América do Norte e elas, embora não tenham sido sérias, afetaram em alguma medida a posse de escravos. Após uma breve comparação com o caso do Rio de Janeiro, a alta concentração da posse de escravos é relacionada à distribuição por gêneros dos cativos portenhos e aos tipos de domicílio, segundo vários critérios, chefiados pelos proprietários escravistas. O artigo também trata de temas relacionados à família escrava e à mestiçagem, com resultados articulados à preservação da natureza profundamente desigual da organização social e à centralidade do avanço rural que circundava a cidade.
Los años setenta en debate. Análisis del MIR chileno y la izquierda peronista en Argentina sobre la realidad latinoamericana
Authors: Nercesian Ines
Published: August 2020

En la década de los setenta el debate sobre las vías más eficaces para la transición hacia el socialismo cobró un nuevo vigor a partir de la victoria de la Unidad Popular. De manera contemporánea hubo otras experiencias como las de Juan Velasco Alvarado en Perú, Juan José Torres en Bolivia, Omar Torrijos en Panamá, la creación del Frente Amplio en Uruguay y el retorno del peronismo, las cuales alentaron las discusiones en el campo de la izquierda. En este artículo estudiaremos los análisis del MIR y de la izquierda peronista, de estas experiencias latinoamericanas, a partir de las revistas El Rebelde y Punto Final (Chile) y El Descamisado y Militancia (Argentina).
Convención Revolucionaria y Congreso Constituyente
Authors: Ramírez Luciano
Published: August 2020

Luego de ser derrocado el régimen del dictador Victoriano Huerta, en julio de 1914, las distintas fuerzas revolucionarias (carrancistas, villistas, zapatistas) empezaron a tener diferencias por lo que acordaron reunirse para realizar una Convención con el propósito de evitar la escisión, acordar cambios drásticos en la dirección política del Estado, debatir los problemas socioeconómicos y políticos más importantes que aquejaban a la nación. Las propuestas que los delegados sometieron a discusión en las distintas etapas de la Soberana Convención Revolucionaria, fueron configurando el documento denominado Programa de Reformas Político-Sociales de la Revolución, algunas de las cuales -de manera indirecta-  fueron retomadas por los diputados constituyentes de Querétaro e influyeron para concretar los artículos fundamentales de la Carta Magna que actualmente rige los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. El objetivo de este trabajo es tratar de establecer algunas relaciones entre la Convención, considerada como asamblea nacional preconstituyente, y la Constitución de 1917.
Esculpir a vida com palavras: Autobiografia de Marina Núñez del Prado (1908-1995)
Authors: Pezzuol Mazza Giovanna
Published: August 2020

Marina Núñez del Prado (1908-1995), escultora boliviana, iniciou seus estudos na Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Paz, na qual se tornou a primeira professora, em 1930. Paulatinamente, obteve reconhecimento no circuito artístico internacional, com destaque para sua participação na 26ª edição da Bienalle di Venezia, em 1952. Participou ativamente do movimento indigenista andino em sua vertente artística, e grande parte de sua produção busca representar aspectos das tradições indígenas bolivianas. Em suas obras, optou por centrar suas atenções na representação da mulher indígena, principal eixo condutor de seu trabalho. Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir questões levantadas a partir da análise de sua autobiografia, intitulada Eternidad en los Andes e publicada em 1973, na qual se destacam os principais marcos de seu desenvolvimento artístico e profissional. Além disso, esse documento contém uma série de fotografias, selecionadas pela própria artista, que estabelecem paralelos interessantes com o texto elaborado, e que serão parcialmente analisadas.
A traição do falcão: Ángel Rama nos Estados Unidos
Authors: Demenech Pedro
Published: August 2020

Este artigo, a partir da leitura do Diario de Ángel Rama (1926-1983), trata da visão desse intelectual sobre os estudos latino-americanos e o ambiente universitário nos Estados Unidos nos anos oitenta, quando ele passou a morar no país. Devido à rápida inserção nas principais universidades, Ángel, além de registrar suas impressões, contrastou a experiência universitária estadunidense com a latino-americana. Por outro lado, nesse país, ele também teve a oportunidade de se reinventar como intelectual, ao ter mais tempo para ler e escrever. Assim, percebemos como esse reconhecido intelectual latino-americano abordou temas como a especialização e o compromisso social da universidade. Ademais, exploro o episódio conhecido como Trampa 28 que resultou na sua expulsão dos Estados Unidos.
Memórias e entrevistas de um professor primário para um inquérito folclórico argentino
Authors: Néia Vitor Hugo Silva
Published: August 2020

Em 1921, o Conselho Nacional de Educação, responsável pelas políticas educacionais na Argentina, autorizou a realização de um inquérito para coletar, nas imediações das escolas sob sua jurisdição, manifestações folclóricas consideradas tradicionais. Essa iniciativa estava intimamente ligada ao pensamento nacionalista que passava a ver os milhões de imigrantes que chegavam ao país desde o século XIX como fatores de risco para a identidade nacional. O exercício resultou em mais de 88 mil fólios, enviados, sobretudo, por docentes e diretores. Este artigo analisará a contribuição de Augusto Valle, professor primário de um estabelecimento escolar do Território Nacional do Río Negro. Mais do que a compilação de elementos relacionados ao folclore, essa documentação dialoga com as dinâmicas históricas de seu tempo e oferece registros biográficos de seu autor e dos personagens entrevistados por ele, ora se aproximando, ora contrariando os sentidos originalmente pretendidos pelos autores do inquérito.
As Américas em tempos de Colônia
Authors: Vilardaga José Carlos , Guilherme Assis Kalil Luís
Published: August 2020

Apresentação
Novo Mundo historiográfico: As Américas na pauta de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Ruggiero Romano e Max Savelle
Authors: Silva Bruno , Furtado André
Published: August 2020

Resumo: este artigo analisa o encontro entre os historiadores Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Ruggiero Romano e Max Savelle, em 1963, reunidos na capital chilena, Santiago, a convite do colega de ofício, Eugenio Pereira Salas. A ideia consistia em ministrar um curso de perspectiva continental junto ao Centro de Investigaciones de Historia Americana (CIHA), pois cada um deveria falar de uma parcela do antigo Novo Mundo, com destaque para as porções dos domínios luso, castelhano e inglês. Tais professores eram vinculados à Universidade de São Paulo (USP), à École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), à University of Washington (UW) e à Universidad de Chile, respectivamente. Aqui dar-se-á ênfase às suas aulas inaugurais, com especial interesse sobre o conteúdo e o peso do discurso historiográfico veiculado, para além de uma narrativa europeia a respeito dos passados que abordaram.Palavras-chave: Centro de Investigaciones de Historia Americana (CIHA); aulas inaugurais; discurso historiográfico.
Latinskaya Amerika: as relações entre a União Soviética e a América Latina (1957-1962)
Authors: Napolitano Marcos
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo analisa as relações políticas e culturais da União Soviética com a América Latina entre a segunda metade dos anos 1950 e o início dos anos 1960. Nesse período, a partir do “novo internacionalismo revolucionário”, defendido por Nikita Krushev, a União Soviética ampliou sua presença no continente, conciliando diplomacia cultural, diplomacia comercial e apoio político aos nacionalistas por meio da ação dos Partidos Comunistas locais. Essa nova postura soviética procurou conciliar pragmatismo diplomático e visão ideológica da geopolítica mundial, nem sempre tendo sido articulada com sucesso. Outro aspecto abordado é o papel do nacionalismo e do “antiamericanismo” na América Latina, que coincidiu com a nova postura soviética, e exigiu mudanças na política externa dos Estados Unidos para o continente. Palavras-chave: Relações, União Soviética, América Latina
Liberalismo radical e anarquismo no México porfirista
Authors: Deveza Felipe
Published: August 2020

Resumo: A história das ideias radicais na América Latina, em particular daquelas que estavam associadas à classe operária, como o anarquismo e o socialismo, foi muitas vezes percebida a partir do prisma europeu, com pouco apreço pelas particularidades do continente. Este artigo analisa a recepção das correntes do anarquismo no México porfirista e ao longo da revolução mexicana com um foco nas ideias de Ricardo Flores Magón e no zapatismo do Estado de Morelos, explorando ressignificações e continuidades nas tradições políticas liberais mexicanas.

Palavras-chave: magonismo; zapatismo; Revolução Mexicana.
Estado, audiovisual e políticas de memória. As ditaduras latino-americanas nos documentários do canal argentino Encuentro (2016)
Authors: De Amaral Maya Tatyana , Wasen Fraga Gérson
Published: August 2020

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é investigar a produção audiovisual dedicada às ditaduras latino-americanas por meio dos curtas-metragens veiculados pelo canal de TV pública argentina Encuentro. Em 2016, o canal lançou na TV, no site e na plataforma youtube, oito curtas-metragens, de caráter documental, sobre as ditaduras latino-americanas no século XX. Os curtas-metragens de caráter educativo podem ser compreendidos como parte da construção de Histórias públicas marcadas pela adoção de uma política de memória na Argentina dentro do quadro de Justiça de Transição empreendido pelo país, após o final da sua última ditadura (1976-1983).

Palavras-chave: políticas de memória, documentários, ditaduras latino-americanas
Ñaupax Manpuni [Olhar o Passando Mirando o Futuro]: O Protagonismo Indígena nas Lutas Populares da Bolívia (da Comunidade ao Estado)
Authors: Bruce Mariana
Published: August 2020

Resumo: A eleição de Evo Morales em 2005 abriu um novo horizonte de sentido para refletir sobre a questão indígena no continente, pois, pela primeira vez, foram rompidas as barreiras de um Estado colonial, racista e patriarcal em favor do movimento indígena auto representado que, por conseguinte, redefiniu o Pacto Social vigente tornando a Bolívia um Estado Plurinacional e Comunitário. A proposta deste artigo é analisar, a partir da teoria decolonial – mais especificamente atrelada à perspectiva do “giro decolonial” –-, de que maneira se articulam um tempo de longa duração, milenar, que remonta à estruturação da comunidade indígena, e o tempo curto, conjuntural, no qual houve um processo crescente de etnização da política e de protagonismo indígena na definição dos rumos de todo um país. Entre mudanças e permanências, realizo uma reflexão sobre o processo que levou à ascensão do Governo Evo Morales e alguns de seus aspectos subsequentes.

Palavras-chave: Bolívia, Estado, movimentos sociais
Peronismo e perenidade – A longa trajetória de um movimento em constante mutação
Authors: Marigoni Gilberto
Published: August 2020

GRIMSON, Alejandro, ¿Qué es el peronismo? - De Perón a los Kirchner, el movimiento que no deja de conmover la política argentina, Siglo Veintuno Editores, Buenos Aires. 2019.
Nivel de cultura tributaria en los estudiantes de quinto de secundaria en dos distritos de Jauja Perú
Authors: Chávez Epiquén Abdias , Ramón Guerra Eleazar Damasó , Moscoso Paucarchuco Ketty Marilú
Published: August 2020

El objetivo con el que se presenta el trabajo de investigación fue el de determinar las diferencias significativas de niveles de cultura tributaria en los estudiantes de 5° grado de secundaria hijos de contribuyentes del distrito de Sincos y Paccha Provincia de Jauja, la hipótesis: Existe diferencias significativas del nivel de la cultura tributaria en los estudiantes de 5° secundaria hijos de contribuyentes del Distrito de Sincos y Paccha Provincia de Jauja. La investigación, por su naturaleza fue de tipo básico teórica y como métodos se utilizó el método científico, además del método cuantitativo, con un diseño descriptivo comparativo, para la muestra se tomó a 72 estudiantes de 5° grado de secundaria hijos de contribuyentes de la Municipalidad Distrital de Sincos y Pacha, Provincia de Jauja. Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta y el instrumento el cuestionario, sobre la variable cultura tributaria. La investigación concluyó que existen diferencias significativas de nivel de cultura tributaria en los estudiantes del 5° grado de secundaria hijos de contribuyentes del distrito de Sincos y Paccha Provincia de Jauja 2017, con unnivel de significancia de 5 %; p-valor = (0) los niveles de logro del nivel de cultura tributaria son diferentes.
Invasión streaming, youtubers y la televisión en la filosofía
Authors: Gutiérrez Gómez Edgar , Munaris parco Sonia Beatriz , Quispe Arroyo Adolfo , Flores Gutiérrez María , Huauya Quispe Pedro
Published: August 2020

El propósito de la docencia universitaria en filosofía y otras áreas es seducir académicamente a los estudiantes: consecuentemente, al público objetivo con las reflexiones filosóficas, citando a autores esenciales de la materia. En la región de Ayacucho –Perú– en julio del 2013 inauguramos el primer espacio de filosofía por televisión orientado al público heterogéneo con entrevistas en vivo e intervenciones telefónicas en señal abierta. Es reinventar la enseñanza de la filosofía trasladándola a un público invadido por streaming, yotubers que la juventud consume. Oppenheimer (2018) afirma: “La tendencia es clara: cada vez más jóvenes están migrando de la televisión tradicional a programas de video en You Tube, Netflix, Ruku, Hulu, HBO y otras plataformas” (p.98). Las discusiones filosóficas socráticas, los diálogos platónicos y el peripatetismo aristotélico urgen modernizarse. El trabajo del docente como una tradición de transmitir conocimiento ha quedado rebasado: Google, You Tube, Siri y otros asistentes responden las preguntas.
Estrategias de motivación y satisfacción con la profesión elegida en estudiantes de una universidad de Lima provincias
Authors: Oseda Gago Dulio , Oseda Gago Alberto , Oseda Gago Marco Antonio
Published: August 2020

La investigación partió del objetivo d eterminar la relación que existe entre las estrategias de motivación y la satisfacción con la profesión elegida en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Cañete de Lima provincias La investigación es del tipo básica, nivel correlacional, y diseño descriptivo correlacional. La muestra fue no probabilísticamente y estuvo conformada por 54 estudiantes. Se concluye que con el estadígrafo de la rh o de Spearman = 0,8 56 ; con un nivel de confianza del 95%, que existe una relación significativa entre las estrategias de motivación y la satisfacción con la profesión elegida en los estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de Cañete de Lima provincias , o sea a mayor estrategia de motivación habrá mejor satisfacción con laprofesión elegida y viceversa.
Various Methods of Establishing Contemporary Islamic law
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Juneidi Ahmad , Astari Lola , Sari Firda Mustika
Published: August 2020

The first source of Islamic law is al-Qur'an, after the new Al-Qur'an, the Hadith of the Prophet SAW. When searching for a law that not contained in the Al-Qur’an and al-Hadith, way to do is using ijtihad (raʻyu). This ijtihad is the mobilization of all the abilities of a fuqaha 'to find sharia law,' and the person who discovered it was named Mujtahid. The scholars in using this ra'yu issued many methods as a tool to install the law, such as: ijma 'which is the ahlul ilmi agreement on the law of an event with the condition that the scientists gather at the same time Qiyas, istihsan, istishab, 'urf. The purpose of this paper is to explain contemporary ijtihad methods that can be used to perform istinbath law. The discussion discussed in this paper is about the various ways of establishing modern Islamic law. The methodology used in this paper is the type of library (library research), namely by referring to books relating to fiqh and ushul fiqh. From the author's analysis that the methods used to establish Islamic law in the contemporary period are no different from the methods used previously, namely sourced from the Qur'an, Hadith, and ijtihad of the scholars who have mujtahid criteria.
Pengaruh Hidden Curriculum dan Disiplin Terhadap Religiusitas Siswa SMPN 1 Mlarak Ponorogo
Authors: Mahmudi Ihwan , Attamimi Taufik Abdullah
Published: August 2020

This research aims to determine the effect of hidden curriculum and discipline on student religiosity. This research approach uses a quantitative approach with questionnaire survey methods. Sampling uses simple random sampling from an affordable population, namely class VIII students who are part of the target population, namely all students of SMPN 1 Mlarak Ponorogo. The sample of this study was 114 out of 170 students. Data analysis techniques using descriptive analysis, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis of two predictors. The results of the H1 study with a calculated t value of 2,404 and sig. 0.010 / 2 = 0.005 (p <0.05), H0 is rejected which means that there is an influence of hidden curriculum on religiosity. H2 with a value of t count 1.944 and sig. 0.054 / 2 = 0.027 (p <0.05), H0 is rejected which means there is a disciplined influence on religiosity. And H3 with an F value of 27.095 and sig. 0.000 (p <0.05), H0 is rejected which means that there is a hidden influence of the curriculum and discipline simultaneously on the religiosity of students of SMPN 1 Mlarak Ponorogo.
Hubungan Negara-Ummah Dalam Hukum Indonesia Dan Islam
Authors: Al-Amin M. Nur Kholis , Nurjidin Nurjidin
Published: August 2020

Through legal references review, the present study aimes  at finding out the concept of ummah in the Medinah Charter and the concept of nation state in the Jakarta Charter  (Indonesia’s 1945 Constitution) along with the correlation between the two. The conclusion is that, as constitution, the Medinah Charter is as sililar as the Jakarta Charter or the 1945 Constitution in the context of Indonesia, which has a feature of equations. From the historical point of view, both were grew out of a plural society which then formed a whole community in one melting pot, that is governance or state. In its values, ​​both contains the recognition of plurality of society and the principles of equality, unity, justice in one community
Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Dalam Menggunakan Media Pembelajaran Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Studi Kasus Di MIN Jejeran
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu Diantoro
Published: August 2020

Learning media is very important to be used by teachers to make it easier for students to understand what is conveyed by the teacher and its learning goals expected. The media used by teachers at State Islamic Primary School (MIN) Jejeran are LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), projector screens, subject books, Student Worksheets (Student Worksheets), Power points, Main Manager, Ms. Word and the environment that is set-up in such a way that can be used as a medium in learning.
Internalisasi Perspektif Bhineka Tunggal Ika Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Sulistiyo Rozib
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali perspektif Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (BTI) yang identik dengan gagasan multikulturalisme dalam ajaran Islam secara literer. Dari penelusuran secara filosofis dapat dikembangkan untuk penguatan implementasi pendidikan agama Islam di Indonesia. Melalui filsafat Islam bisa diketahui bahwa  manusia dalam penerimaan tatanan moralnya tidak selalu sama dengan manusia lainnya. Ketidaksamaan ini disebabkan karena perbedaan karakter alamiah yang mendasari setiap individu. Implikasinya dalam  menerima perbaikan  juga sangat beragam.  Perspektif BTI itu bisa dikembangkan dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam. Untuk itu, pendidik diharuskan untuk menentukan strategi yang tepat guna membentuk pribadi muslim Indonesia bersusila menghargai kemajemukan.
Kharisma Kyai Dalam Organisasi Pendidikan Pesantren Tradisional
Authors: Musaropah Umi
Published: August 2020

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) are very complex because of the variety of education held. Therefore, the role of the clerics as a charismatic leader in them is needed so that education can be sustainable. Qualitative research at pesantren At-Tanwir in Bojonegoro Regency uses data collection instruments in the form of; observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. For data validation, it was determined through an extension of the research time and the results crossing based on the research tool category
Status Perkawinan Suami Istri Pasca Pembatalan Perkawinan Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Zainuri Sulkhan
Published: August 2020

the material law for the cancellation of Islamic marriages in Indonesia still requires further research considering there is a pluralism of regulations relating to it, namely Undang-undang no. 1 tahun 1974 concerning Marriage and Compilation of Islamic Law. This literature research study concludes that there is a dualism in terms of the termination of marriage in legislation, namely; the marriage is null and void and the marriage can be canceled so that it affects the legal status of husband and wife. However, due to the laws that are regulated remain the same, which is related to the status of children, property and third parties.
Mohammed Abid Jābirī, Reformasi Hukum Islam Dan Pembaruan Pengetahuan
Authors: Al Amin M Nur Kholis
Published: August 2020

Religious reform and renewal of knowledge are common to the lives of religious and state people. The relationship between the two in the modern era is a matter of concern in the world of politics, so that the study of Islamic politics has developed quite significantly, which includes the study of the relationship between Islam and the State, as well as the impact of that relationship which leads to democracy and its concepts, human rights, and the movement of the ulama (Muslim scholars) towards religious reform. Therefore, one of the Muslim leaders, namely Mohammed Abid Jābirī who is one of the phenomenal figures of revolutionary Islamic thinkers with his theses on various real advances in human life, both in his studies of: the social environment or the development of sacred texts Muslims, which in this case is specifically in the study of the relationship between Religion and the State, Democracy, Khilafah Theory, and Religious Reform through renewal of knowledge. That is what later became the main and interesting discussion to be examined through the relationship approach between Religion and the State through the framework of a fundamental, secular and substantive school of thought. The analysis of MA Jābirī's views on religious reform and knowledge renewal focused on the relationship between Religion and the State in the Modern Age, which was then analyzed by the author using a combination of Al-Mawardi's views in Al-Ahkam Al-Sulthaniyyah, Agus Maftuh Abegebriel and Ahmad Yani Abeviero through his paper Negara Tuhan; The Thematic Encyclopaedia, and the development of democratic issues in the Islamic and Western world as an inseparable relationship when discussing Religion and the State as substantic.
Heureuses rencontres. Vers le développement d'approches intégrées en géosciences et archéologie
Authors: Gavazzi Bruno
Published: August 2020

Ce dossier « Géosciences et archéologie : interactions, complémentarités et perspectives » rassemble quatorze études qui s’inscrivent dans une même démarche : réunir différentes communautés scientifiques et professionnelles autour de sujets communs pour répondre à des questionnements complexes et faire émerger de nouvelles compétences et de nouvelles approches à la frontière de nos disciplines. Les contributions ici réunies constituent des points d’étape d’une démarche fondamentalement interdisciplinaire : il s’agit, de façon collective, d’ouvrir de nouvelles voies pour mieux comprendre le passé humain et environnemental ainsi que l‘évolution de leurs interactions jusqu’au périodes actuelles. Les résultats des premières « Rencontres interdisciplinaires et interprofessionnelles Géosciences - Archéologie » sont très prometteurs et soulèvent l’importance d’une recherche scientifique prête à remettre en question ses frontières traditionnelles. Le résultat d’un croisement de compétences offre davantage que la simple somme de celles-ci et ce dossier en est l’expression : il illustre la qualité de la recherche en géosciences et en archéologie comme de la dynamique de ses actrices et acteurs.
Inrap et géophysique : vers une approche raisonnée
Authors: Hulin Guillaume , Simon François-Xavier
Published: August 2020

L'archéologie préventive en France repose sur deux phases d’étude distinctes que sont le diagnostic et la fouille. L'intégration de la prospection géophysique dans ce processus reste, à ce jour, relativement limitée malgré un nombre important d'expériences visant à introduire ces techniques notamment en phase de diagnostic. Des tensions et malentendus sont apparus opposant l’utilisation de la géophysique à la réalisation des tranchées à la pelle mécanique pour l’évaluation du potentiel archéologique en contexte préventif. Ces points de discorde se concentrent autour de trois aspects que sont la fiabilité scientifique, le gain de temps et la rentabilité financière de la géophysique par rapport au diagnostic conventionnel. Malgré cela, au cours des dernières années, l'Inrap développe et met en œuvre des études géophysiques en prônant une utilisation raisonnée de ces techniques, c’est-à-dire uniquement lorsque l’on sait la géophysique particulièrement pertinente. Les principales applications concernent bien évidemment la détection de vestiges archéologiques mais également la reconstitution de paysages anciens et, de manière plus originale, la cartographie et la caractérisation des couches archéologiques lors des fouilles. Pour ce faire, l'Inrap a récemment mis en place une équipe de prospection géophysique et tous les indicateurs laissent présager une augmentation des demandes et une très bonne intégration de la géophysique auprès de la communauté archéologique.
Offrir l’antique à la divinité. L’exemple de l’adyton du sanctuaire de Vryokastro sur l’île de Kythnos (Cyclades)
Authors: Camberlein Claire
Published: August 2020

Dans le sanctuaire de la terrasse médiane de Vryokastro (Kythnos, Cyclades), les fouilles récentes ont révélé plusieurs aménagements successifs, dont un remaniement important au iiie siècle av. J.-C. Les offrandes mises au jour sont nombreuses, et parmi elles se trouvent des objets qui remontent à l’âge du Bronze et à l’âge du Fer. Nous interrogerons les gestes rituels à l’origine de ce dépôt, l’identité des dédicants, ainsi que les pratiques sociales qui y sont attachées, en faisant appel à des parallèles épigraphiques mais également archéologiques puisés dans le monde protohistorique européen.
Les gestes rituels autour des papyrus-amulettes (Égypte, fin du IIe millénaire av. n. è.)
Authors: Donnat Sylvie
Published: August 2020

Les amulettes graphiques (texte et images) sur papyrus de l’époque ramesside et immédiatement post-ramesside (c. 1300-1000 av. n. è.) sont des objets rituels épigraphes dont l’étude nécessite la prise en compte, à côté de l’analyse philologique du texte et iconologique des images, de leur dimension matérielle. Elles constituent les vestiges de pratiques rituelles mobilisant l’écrit et le dessin, et portent des traces permettant de restituer une partie de la chaîne opératoire du rite. Les parallèles ethnographiques permettent par ailleurs de susciter des questionnements sur des points difficilement appréhendables en raison de la rareté des données textuelles et archéologiques : celui du désinvestissement des amulettes une fois que leur port n’était plus considéré comme utile ou nécessaire. Ces objets invitent donc à combiner les regards du philologue, de l’archéologue et l’approche anthropologique.
Rituels efficaces pour fonder ou déplacer un culte en Grèce ancienne
Authors: Jacquemin Anne
Published: August 2020

La fondation d’un sanctuaire dans le monde grec supposait la transmission d’une sacralité qui avait lieu lors de l’installation de la divinité sous la forme d’une statue ou d’un autel. Les sources textuelles mettent l’accent sur le rôle dans ce processus d’objets appelés aphidrumata dont la nature variée a été souvent discutée. Le déplacement d’un sanctuaire demandait un rituel du même type pour assurer la continuité de la sacralité. La confrontation des sources permet de revoir dans cette perspective le culte d’Athéna à Delphes.
Exploring the Impact of Hostel Life of Students on Academic Performance: Sohar University – a case study
Authors:   Sohar University, Khan Firdouse , Alshekili Najat ,   Sohar University, AlBadi Aida ,   Sohar University, AlKhanbashi Hakeema ,   Sohar University
Published: August 2020

Purpose of the study: The objective of the study is to critically investigate the facilities and the communication services required in the hostel; to critically investigate the safety services prevailing in the hostel. Design/Methodology/Approach: For this study, 219 respondents were chosen on a simple random sampling basis among the students both girls and boys from Sohar University who were living in the hostel outside the campus. Using a well-defined questionnaire, the data was collected data and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to derive at the conclusion. Findings: The empirical study shows that the students are satisfied with the Room Facilities and the Safety Services provided in the hostel. However, they are not satisfied with the Communication Services. The study also reveals that there is an impact of Communication Services and Family Support on Study Convenience for the students living in a hostel. Practical Implications: The hostel authorities/administration should pay more attention to the communication facilities provided in the hostel especially speedy internet connection that could be made available through Wi-Fi to convene the students. Social Implications: Hostel life is a principal component in the academic life of students who leave their home and live for learning. The factors which create an impact of hostel life on academic performance need to be paid attention by the educational authorities so that the ultimate purpose of students joining the institutions viz. learning can be achieved. Originality/value: No study has investigated before the impact of hostel life on academic performance, and this study will help the College / University Administration to plan and provide the necessary facilities for the students. Keywords: Students’ Housing Facilities, Impact of hostel life on Academic Performance, Sohar University Students’ Hostel life, Students’ Satisfaction with the hostel facilities, Students’ Study Convenience.
Examining Challenging Factors of Tourism Entrepreneurship in Oman using PLS-SEM
Authors:   Sohar University, Al Badi Omar , Khan Firdouse ,   Sohar University
Published: August 2020

Purpose of the study: The objectives of the study were to critically examine the challenges faced by entrepreneurs in tourism business in establishing their businesses in Oman; to critically analyze whether the entrepreneurs in the tourism business are motivated to establish tourism business in Oman and to critically analyze the prospects for entrepreneurs to venture into the tourism sector in Oman. Design/Methodology: The data was collected through a well-defined questionnaire through which 241 tourism entrepreneurs from Oman, including unemployed youth who were interested in tourism were selected, on a random sampling basis. Structural Equation Modelling through Smart PLS was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of the research show that the initial capital, working capital, and good location are the essential factors required to establish a tourism business in Oman. It was confirmed that the prevailing rules and regulations are strict and rigid to start a tourism business in Oman and it takes lots of time to start the operation of tourism businesses; seeking labor clearance procedure is NOT simple for tourism. Cultural values and physical working conditions do not encourage tourism-related businesses and the non-preference of spouses from the tourism sector is another major constraint for Omanis in taking up tourism businesses. Implications: It was suggested that the Government should provide strategic support to the tourism-related entrepreneurs; the Government should provide financial guidance to encourage tourism entrepreneurs irrespective of their ages. Governmental licensing authorities and all licenses to set up tourism businesses need to be obtained in one place. The Government should invest in super-structure projects to enhance the scope of tourism. Training must be provided by the Government to enhance the tourism business in Oman. Originality: This is the study of its kind and no research was carried out ever before to study solely the challenges of tourism entrepreneurship in Oman. Keywords: Tourism, Challenges, Tourism Entrepreneurship, Financial Constraints, Technological Support, Government Support, Procedures, and Formalities.
Toward a Physical Description of the Role of Germanium in Moderating Cathodic Activation of Magnesium
Authors: Glover C.F. , Liu R.L. , McNally E.A. , Mahboubi S. , McDermid J.R. , Kish J.R. , Birbilis N. , McMurray H.N. , Williams G.
Published: August 2020

The role played by surface film formation in moderating cathodic activation (i.e., H2 evolution associated with anodic dissolution in NaCl [aq]) was determined for an Mg-0.3Ge (wt%) alloy and contrasted with this process in pure Mg. Cathodic activation was not detected using the scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) during anodic dissolution of the Mg-0.3Ge alloy under either freely corroding or anodic polarization conditions. Filament tracks that initiated under the more aggressive testing condition remained electrochemically inert. However, volumetric H2 evolution measurements revealed that Ge alloying additions “switch off” the remote cathodes observed on previously corroded pure Mg surfaces, while Ge additions did not eliminate the “local” cathode at the principal sites of anodic activity (which cannot be detected by SVET). As such, the quantity of H2 measured on the corroding Mg-0.3Ge alloy arises exclusively from cathodic H2 evolution at the anodic sites. Moderation of sustained cathodic activation by alloying with Ge was associated with the incorporation of Ge into the inner MgO/Mg(OH)2 layer during anodic dissolution of Mg. It is possible that entrapped Ge particles or GeO2 serve as an effective poison for H recombination in the overall H2 evolution reaction that would otherwise readily occur on freshly formed Mg(OH)2 at anodic dissolution sites.
Ação dialógica na Educação Física: considerações educacionais teóricas e pedagógicas de movimento
Authors: Hildebrandt-Stramann Reiner
Published: August 2020

As sociedades plurais exigem que seus membros lidem com a pluralidade de maneira consciente e responsável. Este artigo discute a questão de qual contribuição a educação física pode dar para desenvolver a capacidade de pluralismo entre os alunos. Como resposta, é feita referência ao conceito didático de ensino de educação física aberta à experiência, cujo centro é o diálogo ou o desenvolvimento da capacidade de agir em diálogo. Com base nesse objetivo, quatro conceitos de diálogo são discutidos: 1. O conceito de diálogo com referência a Paulo Freire; 2. Educação entendida como auto-educação; 3. O conceito de movimento dialógico; 4. A conexão dialético-dialógica entre teoria e prática no sentido de uma educação física reflexiva.
Year-round record of near-surface ozone and “O3 enhancement events” (OEEs) at Dome A ,East Antarctica
Authors: Ding Minghu , Tian Biao , Ashley Michael C. B. , Putero Davide , Zhu Zhenxi , Wang Lifan , Yang Shihai , Li Chuanjin , Xiao Cunde
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Dome A, the summit of the east Antarctic Ice Sheet, is an area challenging to access and is one of the harshest environments on Earth. Up until recently, long term automated observations from Dome A were only possible with very low power instruments such as a basic meteorological station. To evaluate the characteristics of near-surface O3, continuous observations were carried out in 2016. Together with observations at the Amundsen-Scott Station (South Pole – SP) and Zhongshan Station (ZS, on the southeast coast of Prydz Bay), the seasonal and diurnal O3 variabilities were investigated. The results showed different patterns between coastal and inland Antarctic areas that were characterized by high concentrations in cold seasons and at night. The annual mean values at the three stations (DA, SP and ZS) were 29.2 ± 7.5 ppb, 29.9 ± 5.0 ppb and 24.1 ± 5.8 ppb, respectively. We investigated the effect of specific atmospheric processes on near-surface summer O3 variability, when O3 enhancement events (OEEs) are systematically observed at DA (average monthly frequency peaking up to 64.5 % in December). As deduced by a statistical selection methodology, these O3 enhancement events (OEEs) are affected by a significant interannual variability, both in their average O3 values and in their frequency. To explain part of this variability, we analyzed the OEEs as a function of specific atmospheric processes: (i) the role of synoptic-scale air mass transport over the Antarctic Plateau was explored using the Lagrangian back-trajectory analysis – Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) method and (ii) the occurrence of “deep” stratospheric intrusion events was investigated using the Lagrangian tool STEFLUX. The specific atmospheric processes, including synoptic-scale air mass transport, were analysed by the HYSPLIT back-trajectory analysis and the potential source contribution function (PSCF) model. Short-range transport accounted for the O3 enhancement events (OEEs) during summer at DA, rather than efficient local production, which is consistent with previous studies of inland Antarctica. Moreover, the identification of recent (i.e., 4-day old) stratospheric intrusions events by STEFLUX suggested that “deep” events only had a minor influence (up to 1.1 % of the period, in August) on “deep” events during the variability of near-surface summer O3 at DA. The "deep" events during the polar night were significantly higher than those during the polar day. This work provides unique information on ozone variation at DA and expands our knowledge of such events in Antarctica. Data are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923517 (Ding et al., 2020).
Concentration Trajectory Route of Air pollution with an Integrated Lagrangian model (C-TRAIL Model v1.0) derived from the Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ Model v5.2)
Authors: Pouyaei Arman , Choi Yunsoo , Jung Jia , Sadeghi Bavand , Song Chul Han
Published: August 2020

Abstract. This paper introduces a novel Lagrangian model
(Concentration Trajectory Route of Air pollution with an Integrated
Lagrangian model, C-TRAIL version 1.0) output from a Eulerian air quality
model for validating the source–receptor direct link by following polluted
air masses. To investigate the concentrations and trajectories of air masses
simultaneously, we implement the trajectory-grid (TG) Lagrangian advection
scheme in the CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality) Eulerian model version
5.2. The TG algorithm follows the concentrations of representative air
“packets” of species along trajectories determined by the wind field. The
diagnostic output from C-TRAIL accurately identifies the origins of
pollutants. For validation, we analyze the results of C-TRAIL during the
KORUS-AQ campaign over South Korea. Initially, we implement C-TRAIL in a
simulation of CO concentrations with an emphasis on the long- and
short-range transport effects. The output from C-TRAIL reveals that local
trajectories were responsible for CO concentrations over Seoul during the
stagnant period (17–22 May 2016) and during the extreme pollution period
(25–28 May 2016), highly polluted air masses from China were distinguished
as sources of CO transported to the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA). We
conclude that during the study period, long-range transport played a crucial
role in high CO concentrations over the receptor area. Furthermore, for May 2016, we find that the potential sources of CO over the SMA were the result
of either local transport or long-range transport from the Shandong
Peninsula and, in some cases, from regions north of the SMA. By identifying
the trajectories of CO concentrations, one can use the results from C-TRAIL
to directly link strong potential sources of pollutants to a receptor in
specific regions during various time frames.
ACCURACY OF MEASURING THE BOTTOM OF A POND BY AIRBORNE LIDAR BATHYMETRY (ALB)
Authors: Wang Y. , Kato T. , Abe R. , Maebashi N. , Tachi T. , Kishimoto N.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Airborne Lidar Bathymetry (ALB) is a technology for characterizing the depths of shallow-water bodies in relatively transparent waters from an airborne platform using a scanning and pulsed light beam. A bathymetric LiDAR usually uses wo laser pulses: one is a near-infrared (NIR) laser pulse for land topography and the other is a green laser pulse for submarine topography. In recent years, ALB has become more popular in river and coastal surveying in Japan. The accuracy of ALB has been verified by comparison with the results of acoustic sounding or levelling. However, since the comparison with either acoustic sounding or levelling is limited to a partial comparison at a point or on a line such as a cross section, it is not suitable for overall verification for detailed terrain features. In addition, accuracy verification by comparison between the results of ALB's green laser scanning and those of NIR laser scanning has been performed in the past only on land, but not in water. As scattering of the green laser occurs when measuring in water, it is possible to affirm that the verification under actual operating conditions has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we conducted NIR laser scanning in a natural pond and an artificial pool when they had no water, and conducted green laser scanning when they were filled with water. Thus, the NIR laser scanning and the green laser scanning could be compared in terms of surface measurement for the same bottom of the water body. It was confirmed that the green laser in water has sufficient accuracy compared to the NIR laser in actual operation conditions.
Problemas de la articulación entre fenomenología y hermenéutica en la obra de J.-L. Marion, en diálogo con la propuesta de C. Romano
Authors: Roggero Jorge Luis
Published: August 2020

Este artículo se propone examinar el modo en que la fenomenología de la donación puede lograr una vinculación exitosa con la hermenéutica. Siguiendo la indicación dada por el propio Marion, a través de una comparación de su planteo con el de Claude Romano, es posible establecer hasta qué punto la propuesta marioniana es capaz de responder a las exigencias hermenéuticas y fenomenológicas que la articulación demanda.
Neurociencia, Humanismo y Posthumanismo
Authors: García García Emilio
Published: August 2020

Durante las últimas tres décadas, la Neurociencia ha logrado avances espectaculares, pero la investigación tiene ante sí graves retos. Comentamos proyectos actuales de investigación neurocientífica, como el Proyecto Conectoma, el Proyecto Brain, y el Human Brain Proyect. Estudiamos la confluencia de las tecnologías biomédicas e ingeniería genética con la inteligencia artificial y computación, y el impacto que tienen en el conocimiento del mundo exterior y de nosotros mismos. Identificamos potencialidades y amenazas de las nuevas tecnologías y la contribución a la conformación del pensamiento posthumanista.