bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Welt der Kunst: Formen der Spezifikation des Beobachtens
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Eine angemessene theoretische Beschreibung der Kunst muss sich von den philosophischen Traditionen lösen. Dies geschieht durch einen Ansatz, der von dem unterscheidungstheoretischen Begriff der Beobachtung und darauf aufbauend dem Konzept der Beobachtung 2. Ordnung ausgeht. Auf diese Weise können neue Ansätze einer Theorie der Ästhetik skizziert werden, für die ein entsprechender Begriff der Wahrnehmung zentral ist. Wahrnehmung kann als eine besonders kompakte, unterscheidungsbezogen simultane Form der Beobachtung beschrieben werden. Die Wahrnehmung eines Kunstwerks ist eine dritte Möglichkeit des Beobachtens: das Kunstwerk benutzt eine Unterscheidung, um die eine und nicht die andere Seite zu fokussieren, diese aber gleichzeitig mitzuzeigen, und es benutzt eine Vielzahl von aufeinander verweisenden Unterscheidungen gleichzeitig. Dies führt zu einer Erstaunlichkeit des Kunstwerks und stellt besondere Anforderungen an den Beobachter von Kunst. Diesen Beobachter der Kunst und die von ihm vorausgesetzten Unterscheidungen kann wiederum ein Beobachter – die Literatur, die Psychologie, die Soziologie – beobachten. Die Erstaunlichkeit des Kunstwerks ist Anlass für und ist ein Medium der Kommunikation über Kunst, da verschiedene Beobachter Verschiedenes sehen. Entsprechend kann man Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Formangebot der Kunstwerke und der Ausdifferenzierung der Kunst als soziales System identifizieren. Abschließend wird auf dieser Basis nach der binären Codierung des gesellschaftlichen Funktionssystems Kunst gefragt.
Der Code der Moral
Authors: Luhmann Niklas
Published: December 2021

Der Text geht von der paradoxalen These aus, dass entgegen der üblichen Sichtweise Moral nichts Gutes ist. Der Grund dafür liegt in der Tatsache, dass Moral nur als eine Unterscheidung, als eine Zwei-Seiten-Form im Sinne George Spencer Browns funktioniert, also immer nur für eine Seite optiert werden kann. Die moralische Unterscheidung ist eine Codierung von Kommunikation, die die Achtung von Menschen bezeichnet. Es kann dann gezeigt werden, dass sich mit der gesellschaftlichen Evolution (Schrift, Druck, Umstellung der gesellschaftlichen Differenzierung) die Bedingungen moralischer Sozialisation ändern. Die Schlüsselvariabel für die Analyse der historischen Evolution der moralbezogenen Semantik und ihrer ethischen Reflexion liegt in der Schematisierung des binären Codes, d. h. der Erleichterung des Übergangs von einer zur anderen Seite mittels entsprechender Programme, die zugleich die Kopplung mit anderen gesellschaftlichen Codes dem Zufall überlässt. Diese These wird beispielhaft am historischen Material vorgeführt. Entscheidend ist die im Mittelalter anlaufende ‚Verinnerlichung‘ der Moral, die im 18. Jahrhundert zu unlösbaren Problemen im Konzept der Ethik führt. Es entwickelt sich eine scharfe Differenz von Recht und Moral, eine mit dem Recht vergleichbare Technisierung des Codes gut/böse ist aber nicht möglich. Stattdessen wird die Moral für ‚pathogene‘ Sonderfälle reserviert, sie setzt auf eine hochselektive Empfindlichkeit für Restprobleme der Gesellschaftsordnung (wie die sog. soziale Frage oder Ökologieprobleme), nicht auf die Ausdifferenzierung eines eigenen Funktionsbereichs, aber auch nicht auf eine Moralisierung der Codewerte der anderen Funktionssystem. Abschließend wird nach den Folgen für ein entsprechendes Ethikverständnis als einer Reflexionstheorie der Moral gefragt.
Deutlich höhere Renten in Österreich als in Deutschland – methodische Aspekte des Vergleichs
Authors: Blank Florian , Türk Erik , Logeay Camille , Wöss Josef , Zwiener Rudolf
Published: December 2021

Der Beitrag behandelt die Leistungen der öffentlichen Rentenversicherungen in Deutschland und Österreich. Er geht dabei der Frage nach, welche Schritte bei einem Vergleich der Höhe von Renten in Abhängigkeit vom Forschungsinteresse unternommen werden können, um die Vergleichbarkeit sicherzustellen, und präsentiert darauf aufbauend eine Reihe von Kennzahlen, etwa durchschnittliche Rentenzahlungen und aus Modellrechnungen gewonnene Ersatzquoten. Es zeigt sich, dass auch bei Einnahme verschiedener Blickwinkel und nach Schritten zur Herstellung besserer Vergleichbarkeit das österreichische Rentensystem deutlich höhere Leistungen erbringt als das deutsche. Der Vergleich zwischen den beiden Ländern ist nicht nur aus methodischer Sicht interessant, sondern auch politisch relevant, da in der deutschen rentenpolitischen Debatte nicht selten auf das Beispiel Österreich verwiesen wird.
PEMANFAATAN ICT DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BAGI ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Diana -
Published: December 2021

Information Communication and Technologi (ICT) telah merambah dalam setiap bidang kehidupan manusia, termasuk dalam dunia pendidikan. Peranan ICT dalam dunia pendidikan sangatlah besar, tidak hanya dikalangan perguruan tinggi semata namun juga pada pendidikan anak usia dini. Pada Amandemen Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, dinyatakan bahwa setiap anak berhak mengembangkan diri melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan dasarnya, berhak mendapatkan pendidikan dan memperoleh manfaat dari ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, seni dan budaya, demi meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya dan demi kesejahteraan umat manusia (pasal 28 C ayat 2), dalam rangka mengembangkan diri anak usia dini, sekarang banyak kita dapati berbagai layanan pendidikan baik formal maupun non-formal. Apapun bentuk layanan tersebut, seyogyanya memperhatikan prinsip pembelajaran anak usia dini. Selain memperhatikan prinsip pembelajaran, cakupan materi yang diberikan juga sangat beragam sesuai dengan aspek perkembangan anak, salah satunya adalah aspek perkembangan kognitif. Dalam perkembangan kogninif, anak usia dini dibekali dengan pemahaman tentang matematika dasar seperti mengenal warna, bentuk, ukuran, pola, memecahkan masalah, bilangan dan berhitung. Menguasai keterampilan matematika dasar sangat penting karena hal tersebut terdapat dalam kehidupan nyata sehari-hari anak. Berbagai media dapat digunakan dari yang terdapat pada tubuh anak sendiri seperti jari tangan dan kaki, pakaian, juga peralatan makan warna-warni dan berbagai ukuran, balok-balok, tumbuhan, sampai multi media canggih dengan beragam program yang dirancang sesuai usia dan kebutuhan anak usia dini. Sekarang banyak didapati CD/VCD pembelajaran matematika dasar yang dikemas menarik dan dijual bebas di pasaran. Tinggal bagaimana kita sebagai orang tua/pendidik memilih yang sesuai kebutuhan dan ramah bagi anak. Untuk itulah, maka dalam makalah ini, kami membahas tentang ICT dan Matematika bagi Anak Usia Dini.Kata Kunci: ICT; pembelajaran matematika; anak usia dini
Manajemen Pembelajaran Tataboga untuk Meningkatkan Vokasional Disabilitas
Authors: Suryani Eni , Suparman Suparman , Rokhmiati Rokhmiati , Handayani Dini , Hufad Achmad
Published: December 2021

Manajemen pembelajaran tataboga yang belum memberikan hasil terhadap peningkatan mutu lulusan siswa SMALB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen pembelajaran keterampilan vokasional bagi siswa tunarungu melalui keterampilan tataboga. Pembelajaran vokasional yaitu pembelajaran yang berkaitan dengan keterampilan dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan peserta didik yang memiliki keterampilan dasar untuk bekal hidupnya sebagai kecakapan hidup (life skill). Peralatan yang lengkap dan siap pakai, akan sangat membantu ABK dalam belajar untuk memahami konsep, memberikan pengalaman nyata, dan membentuk keterampilan.Â  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan pada kondisi alamiah dan bersifat penemuan sehingga dibutuhkan adanya analisis dan mengkonstruksi obyek yang diteliti. Pembelajaran keterampilan vokasional bagi peserta didik untuk mempelajari keterampilan kecakapan hidup, sehingga ABK menguasai komptensi yang diharapkan. Standar kompetensi dan Kompetensi dasar untukÂ  pembelajaran vokasional belum ditetapkan oleh BSNP, oleh karena itu sekolah berkewajiban untuk mengembangkan SKKD pelajaran keterampilan voksional yang mengacu kepada Standar kompetensi Lulusan.Tataboga learning management that has not provided results in improving the quality of high school graduates. This study aims to determine the learning management of vocational skills for deaf students through tataboga skills. Vocational learning is learning related to skills with the aim of creating students who have basic skills for life as life skills. Complete and ready-to-use equipment will greatly assist ABK in learning to understand concepts, provide real experiences, and form skills. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Qualitative research is carried out in natural conditions and is inventive in nature so that analysis and construction of the object under study is needed. Learning vocational skills for students to learn life skills, so that ABK master the expected competencies. BSNP has not established competency standards and basic competencies for vocational learning, therefore schools are obliged to develop SKKD for vocational skills lessons that refer to the Competency Standards for Graduates.
Management of Equality Education Program in Daarut Tauhiid Community Learning Center (CLC)
Authors: Hasanah Viena Rusmiati , Ardiwinata Jajat Sudrajat , Hatimah Ihat , Wulandari Hodijah
Published: December 2021

Education services for certain groups who have learning needs for 12 years of compulsory education other than through formal education can be served through non-formal and informal channels, which are called equality education. This study aims to describe the equality education management program at the Daarut Tauhiid Community Learning Center (CLC) as seen from the management function, namely planning, implementation and evaluation. The research was conducted through a qualitative approach with a participatory exploratory method, using participatory observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and FGDs. The results showed that the equality education program at Daarut Tauhiid CLC consisted of planning that included the needs of the students, determining goals, recruiting teachers and students, preparing learning tools and providing facilities and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the implementation of the program is carried out with a learning pattern in the form of face-to-face, tutorial and independent learning based on the 2013 curriculum. For evaluation, PKBM DT conducts program evaluations internally and externally and evaluates the students.
Internalization of Conservation Values in Multicultural Education Courses through Traditional Games
Authors: Ary Deasylina Da , Busyairi Ahmad
Published: December 2021

The Indonesian state is very prone to triggering conflicts and divisions because Indonesia is actually a pluralistic and heterogeneous country. The discourse on multicultural education is predicted to be able to anticipate ethnic, social and cultural conflicts that often arise in the midst of a plural-faced society, especially the implementation of multicultural education in tertiary institutions. The understanding created from multicultural education is not just a theory that is used as mere memorization, but can be developed into application in a multicultural-based learning process. One example of its application is through traditional games which require cultural values. Traditional games have even become a symbol of the region where each region uses traditional games as regional identities so that traditional games are a form of conservation value, namely preserving the cultural heritage of the local area. The research objectives: 1) Describe traditional games that contain conservation values in the multicultural education course for PGSD UNNES students; 2) Analyzing the conservation value contained in traditional games in multicultural education for PGSD UNNES students; 3) Analyze the achievement of internalization of conservation values in multicultural education courses for PGSD UNNES students. This study uses a qualitative research method which will be analyzed descriptively. Each traditional game imparts different conservation values depending on the play pattern. Traditional games that have been born for thousands of years are the result of ancient human cultural processes that are still thick with local wisdom values. In essence, conservation means maintaining and protecting something regularly to prevent damage and destruction by means of preservation. So that playing traditional games is a form of conservation value, namely preserving the cultural heritage of the local area.
Research on Geographical Education in Vietnam Journals Within The 10-Year Period (2010 - 2019)
Authors: Thang Ha Van , Thong Le Duy , Thanh Ta Chi
Published: December 2021

Geographical education is a term that is not commonly used in research on Educational Science in Vietnam. Instead, researchers often refer to concepts such as Geography teaching or Geography lecturing. Geographical education is defined as the amalgam of two academic fields: Geography and Education (Gerber, 1996). Studies of geographical education published in journals over the past 10 years reflect the development of this field in my country. The objective of this study is to give an outline of research on geographical education in Vietnam between 2010 and 2019. The search for research articles uses Grounded Theory and is carried out in three phases. This research has contributed to the establishment of the geographical education definition in order to form a conceptual framework for the studies on the same field in Vietnam. More importantly, it generalizes prominent trends in the research on geographical education during the 10-year period as a basis for research strategy planning for the following phases. These results play an important role in improving education strategy in Vietnam from 2018.
Religiusity of Counselor Candidates in Islamic Counseling: Study of Mixed Methods in Guidance and Counseling Department
Authors: Muslikah Muslikah , Sutoyo Anwar , Sutikno Ulung Giri
Published: December 2021

This research is motivated by religiosity or religious adherence to students as potential counselors in Islamic counseling courses. Religiosity affects how individuals view their problems and life at large. In Islamic counseling, religiosity is a mandatory requirement for counselor candidates to develop so that the counselor can transmit in Islamic counseling services. This research aims to study the religiosity of guidance and counseling students at UNNES. The research sample was taken purposively from students who were taking or had been taking Islamic counseling courses in the guidance and counseling department at UNNES with a total of 100 respondents. This study's data collection techniques include two techniques related to the data to be obtained, namely quantitative and qualitative data. The data collection technique for obtaining quantitative data uses a psychological scale.Â  The religiosity scale in this study reveals how high student religiosity is. In addition, to obtain data accuracy to strengthen quantitative data, qualitative data is also needed, collected through a focused group discussion method with two students. The quantitative results showed that the level of spirituality of counselor candidates who took Islamic counseling courses was in the moderate category or was 71%. Meanwhile, the qualitative data shows that several things generally influence the students as candidate Islamic counselors in developing spirituality. These are faith (belief in Allah and pillars of faith), worship such as prayer, fasting, and reading the Al-Qur'an, and experiences such as remembering death, parental advice, and lecturers or listening to the holy verses of the Qur'an.
Determinação do bulbo molhado em gotejamento superficial e subsuperficial para Cachoeira do Sul - RS
Authors: Slaiffer Henrique , Saretta Ezequiel
Published: December 2021

O entendimento da dinâmica do bulbo formado por emissores de gotejamento em uma aplicação pontual é importante para o dimensionamento de projetos. Com o aumento da instalação de sistemas de gotejamento subsuperficial, a quantificação do bulbo nessa condição também é fundamental para o sucesso do empreendimento. Por isso, este trabalho buscou avaliar as dimensões do bulbo e da área molhada em função da vazão, tanto para a aplicação em superfície quanto em subsuperfície, em Argissolo no município de Cachoeira do Sul - RS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente aleatorizado, em esquema fatorial duplo, composto por cinco vazões (1 a 5 L/h) para duas posições de emissão (superfície e 0,1 m de profundidade), medindo-se o bulbo em profundidade, além da área horizontal e profundidade alcançada. Não houve interação entre os fatores de teste, logo o projetista necessita de apenas uma condição para o dimensionamento do sistema. O diâmetro superficial do bulbo, diâmetro máximo e profundidade se relacionaram com a vazão por meio de equação potencial, enquanto a área se ajustou ao modelo linear. O diâmetro máximo do bulbo tende a ser obtido em superfície, sendo este suficiente para a caracterização da área molhada, mesmo para aplicação subsuperficial.
A Review of Preparation Strategies for α-MoC1–x Catalysts
Authors: De Zanet Andrea , Kondrat Simon A.
Published: December 2021

Transition metal carbides are attracting growing attention as robust and affordable alternative heterogeneous catalysts to platinum group metals (pgms), for a host of contemporary and established hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and isomerisation reactions. In particular, the metastable α-MoC1–x
phase has been shown to exhibit interesting catalytic properties for low-temperature processes reliant on O–H and C–H bond activation. While demonstrating exciting catalytic properties, a significant challenge exists in the application of metastable carbides, namely the challenging procedure for their preparation. In this review we will briefly discuss the properties and catalytic applications of α-MoC1–x
, followed by a more detailed discussion on available synthesis methods and important parameters that influence carbide properties. Techniques are contrasted, with properties of phase, surface area, morphology and Mo:C being considered. Further, we briefly relate these observations to experimental and theoretical studies of α-MoC1–x
in catalytic applications. Synthetic strategies discussed are: the original temperature programmed ammonolysis followed by carburisation, alternative oxycarbide or hydrogen bronze precursor phases, heat treatment of molybdate-amide compounds and other low-temperature synthetic routes. The importance of carbon removal and catalyst passivation in relation to surface and bulk properties are also discussed. Novel techniques that bypass the apparent bottleneck of ammonolysis are reported, however a clear understanding of intermediate phases is required to be able to fully apply these techniques. Pragmatically, the scaled application of these techniques requires the pre-pyrolysis wet chemistry to be simple and scalable. Further, there is a clear opportunity to correlate observed morphologies or phases and catalytic properties with findings from computational theoretical studies. Detailed characterisation throughout the synthetic process is essential and will undoubtedly provide fundamental insights that can be used for the controllable and scalable synthesis of metastable α-MoC1–x
.
Evaluation of Knowledge Levels of Individuals In Tokat City About Dental Implant Treatments: A Survey Study
Authors: YERLİYURT Kaan , KARADAYI YÜZÜKCÜ Afra Eda , BALEL Yunus , DEMİR Osman
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Dental implant treatment is considered the gold standard today for the elimination of tooth loss. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge about dental implant treatments of patients referred to Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Dentistry Prosthetic Dentistry Clinic. Material and Method: A total of 296 patients, 166 women and 130 men, participated in the study. The multiple choice standardized questionnaire form including demographic information was filled out by the patients. Results: 42.2% of the patients obtained information about implants from doctors or dentists. 74.7% of the participants preferred to have the implant surgery phase done by a maxillofacial surgeon, and 66.2% preferred to have prosthesis over the implant done by a prosthesis specialist. When the questionnaire responses of the patients were evaluated with the age variable, it was observed that the awareness level of the individuals under the age of 35 about dental implants was statistically significantly higher (p <0.05). Conclusion: When the results of the present study were evaluated, it was seen that individuals who needed prosthetic dental treatment due to tooth deficiency did not have sufficient knowledge about dental implants. In order to provide more accurate information about dental implants to patients, the resources that patients use to obtain information should be reached.
Our experience in perioperative medicine in patients with colorectal surgery
Authors: UYSAL Olcayto , SÜREN Mustafa , DOĞRU Serkan , UZUN KAYA Süheyla , DALDAL Emin , OKAN İsmail
Published: December 2021

Aim: ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) programmes have been becoming more important day by day. Researchers should compose convenient programmes according to the conditions of surgical centers. In this study we aimed to demonstrate our experience on enhanced recovery protocol.
Material and Methods: Walking and respiratory excercises for physical status and information meetings with patients and relatives for mental status were done to optimize the patient before operation. Patients were received perioperative central block (either spinal or epidural) analgesia. After operation patients were followed up at surgical intensive care unit and surgery ward. Pain scores and clinical status of the patients were evaluated.
Results: A total of 65 patients were included in this retrospective study. Numerical Rating Scale scores were significantly lower in thoracal epidural analgesia than spinal analgesia at 6., 12., 24., 48. hours (p=0.036; p=0.002; p=0.002; p=0.003 respectively). Early mobilizated patients oral intake and first floating time were much earlier.
Conclusions: We determined positive qualitative clinical impacts on patients. Controlling patients pain at postoperative period is very important part of an enhanced recovery programme. Our protocol was about colorectal surgeries but we believe that enhanced recovery programmes should be used in different types of surgeries widespread.
Keywords: Colorectal surgeries; enhanced recovery; pain; spinal; thoracal epidural
Investigation of the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease on dental erosion and oral tissue alterations
Authors: AYTAÇ BAL Fatma , ERSÖZ Engin
Published: December 2021

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dental erosion and the alterations in oral tissues. Materials and Methods: In this study, the GERD group consisted of 50 individuals with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, and the control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals. The prevalence of teeth wears and caries was evaluated using the Smith and Knight tooth wear index (TWI) and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), respectively. Oral complaints were also evaluated. Stimulated saliva samples were collected, and the salivary buffering capacity, pH and flow rate values were measured. Results: In the GERD group, wear was observed in the palatal surface of the maxillary teeth, whereas no wear was observed in the control group (p<0.05). Although the incisal surfaces of the maxillary anterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary/mandibular posterior teeth were observed as eroded in both groups, the values in the patient group were significantly higher compared with those of controls (p<0.05). In the GERD group, complaints of inflammatory mouth sensitivity, tongue sensitivity, nonspecific itching and burning, halitosis, dry mouth, tooth sensitivity, erythema in the soft/hard palatinal mucosa/uvula were significantly more frequent than the control group (p<0.05, for each). The groups were similar with respect to DMFT (p=0.480). The salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity values were found to be significantly lower in the GERD group (p<0.05, for each). Conclusion: The results showed that patients with GERD had wear in palatal surfaces of maxillary teeth. Moreover, these patients also complained more commonly from oral tissue alterations and had lower salivary flow rate, pH, and buffering capacity. Hence dentists should consider GERD as a potential risk factor for oral health.
Antlions in Hungary: checklist and identification key (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae)
Authors: Szőke Viktória
Published: December 2021

This paper presents an updated and annotated checklist of Myrmeleontidae (Neuroptera) of Hungary. Currently 16 species with valid faunistical records are known; the presence of Myrmeleon hyalinus Olivier, 1811, ignored by most authors, is confirmed, and the omission of Synclisis baetica (Rambur, 1842) from the Hungarian checklist is verified. An illustrated identification key is given to the 16 species present and further 15 species might potentially occur in Hungary
Features of the Development of Russian-Chinese Customs Cooperation
Authors: Balinovskaya Dina , Fedorova Sofia
Published: December 2021

The customs administrations of the countries were called upon to protect national security of the state and life and health of the human and natural world.
A study of the foreign economic activities of Russia and China led to the conclusion that the People’s Republic of China was the main trading partner of the Russian Federation. At the current stage of economic development, issues of cooperation between customs administrations of countries that are foreign trade partners are high on the agenda. The advantage of such a partnership between Russia and China is the close proximity of states which provides opportunities for the movement of goods by different modes of transportation.
The article analyzed the historical features of the emergence and stability of cooperation between the customs authorities of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China, as well as the foundations of the customs data systems of both countries. We identified current problems of interoperability in Customs control of goods and future directions for the development of Russian-Chinese customs cooperation such as the creation of a single information database that will allow the various government agencies of both countries to work together to quickly obtain information on licenses issued, certificates, permits, which will speed up customs formalities between the countries and reduce the consequent risks to the national and economic security of the Russian and Chinese partners.
Improvement of Food Industry Management in the Baikal Region
Authors: Ishmeev Yuri
Published: December 2021

The relevance of the study is based on the importance of improving the management system for the effective development of the food industry in the Baikal region and agricultural production and the inability of the region to realize its potential in this area. The main research hypothesis of this study is that the development and implementation of a food industry cluster on the territory of the Baikal region, the stability and predictability of the external macroenvironment will have a positive effect on the food industry and will create preconditions for its future development. The purpose of the research is to study, identify, analyze and evaluate the characteristics and main aspects of the food industry in the Baikal region, on the basis of which it will be possible to identify advantageous management methods for the possibility of improving activities in this industry, allowing us to develop its potential. A SWOT analysis of the food industry in the Baikal region is presented, it is substantiated that the formation of integration and intersectoral relationships between food industry enterprises within the cluster will solve many problems.
Biblical Portrayal of Ethiopia as a Challenge to Western Perspectives of Africa
Authors: Ndoga Sampson S.
Published: December 2021

Africa has been presented as underdeveloped and backward until the adventure of colonial architects. Archaeological remnants and structures, some of which are still standing to date, portray a different reality seemingly echoed by the biblical account. The endowment of Africa with natural resources, evidence of processing abilities and references to established kingdoms occasionally used as instruments of divine punishment of Israel or provision of refuge suggests a much more advanced situation than has been routinely presented by historians. The biblical record which has been proven for its reliability and historicity provides us with the impetus to re-analyse key texts in order to re-examine the views that have been posited. The Western tendency to undermine Africa's advancements is well known. This article therefore considers the story of the Ethiopian Eunuch as a point of reference to African realities reflected throughout the biblical text.
African Women in the Hebrew Bible: A Socioeconomic and African Hermeneutical Reading
Authors: Olojede Funlola O.
Published: December 2021

In conversation with David Adamo's Africa in the Bible approach, which investigates the presence of Africa and Africans in Scriptures, this article conducts a synoptic search of the named and unnamed "African" women of the Torah and Nebiim with the aim of probing their socio-economic status. We ask, to what extent does a socioeconomic reading of the portraits of these women - from Hagar to the Queen of Sheba - afford us a glance into the lives of women in antiquity in the geographical location called Africa today, many of whom seemed to enjoy a great degree of social and economic independence? The social identity and status of these women may help to counteract some of the modern images of African women as victims of patriarchy under male power. The implications of the findings for African biblical hermeneutics of which Adamo is one of the foremost proponents cannot be over-emphasised.
Iho Ayo/ Mekgolokwane/Ululations/Festschrift: Dedicated to Prof David Tuesday Adamo, the Decoloniser of Old Testament Studies in Africa
Authors: Masenya Madipoane
Published: December 2021

A powerful voice from the Western part of the continent of Africa! A voice that could be heard not only through the presence of its owner at our annual Old Testament Society of South Africa (OTSSA) meetings but also more importantly, for the purpose of this introduction, in several issues of Old Testament Essays (OTE), one of our prestigious journals locally and continentally. It is the journal that now contains the ululations (read: Festschrift) to honour this voice. This is the voice of none other than one of our very own Nigerian African Old Testament scholar, Professor David Tuesday Adamo. He is one of the key scholars who have made important contributions to the field of African Biblical Hermeneutics. Adamo's refreshing voice, given the American and Eurocentric training and orientation which have shaped and continue to shape biblical scholarship on the African continent, has been loud and clear. Adamo's persuasion that there is African presence in the Christian Scriptures, that is, both in the Hebrew Bible and in the Second Testament, has been felt, as will also become evident from the essays contained in this special issue and his curriculum vitae as well as in his numerous research publications including his books and journal articles.
President Brand's Gambit: Inviting Scholars Inside the Tent
Authors: Kretchmar R. Scott
Published: December 2021

I can provide this if needed.
Life is an Adventure: From Action Theory to Action
Authors: Brand Weiser Margaret
Published: December 2021

Myles Brand was the fourth President of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). This essay tracks the progression of Brand's early work in action theory, his theoretical turn to the moral role of education, and finally his legacy of principled leadership on issues of ethics and social justice within intercollegiate athletics during what I refer to as "The Brand Era." I show that Brand's writings and speeches from 1970 through 2002 offer a foundation for the conceptual strategies employed in meeting NCAA challenges from 2003 through 2009. His innovative conceptualization of the applied philosophy of sport moved him forward from action theory into action.
DNA extraction from concrete v2
Authors: Kiledal Anders , A Maresca Julia
Published: December 2021

This is a protocol for extracting DNA from concrete, based on the protocol developed by L. S. Weyrich, et al. for extraction of DNA from ancient calcified dental plaque. We have scaled it up for larger sample sizes and made some additional modifications for the chemistry of concrete. DNA extracted using this method is suitable for metagenomic sequencing by Illumina MiSeq and NextSeq, as well as amplicon sequencing. This protocol should yield 10 ng to 5 μg DNA per 10 g of concrete, depending on the age and integrity of the sample. Reference: L. S. Weyrich et al., Laboratory contamination over time during low-biomass sample analysis. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 19, 982–996 (2019).
Assembly, Annotation, Quantification, and Differential Expression Analysis of Shorea sp. Transcriptome v1
Authors: Husaini AHS Suhaimi Ahmad
Published: December 2021

Assembly, annotation, and quantification of transcripts from RNA-seq reads of Shorea sp. transcriptome followed by differential expression analysis using open source tools. List of tools: Trinity (Home · trinityrnaseq/trinityrnaseq Wiki · GitHub) TransDecoder (Home · TransDecoder/TransDecoder Wiki · GitHub) NCBI Blast suite (Download BLAST Software and Databases Documentation (nih.gov)) InterProScan (Download - InterPro (ebi.ac.uk)) CDHIT suite (CD-HIT Official Website (ucsd.edu)) Salmon (Salmon - Salmon 1.6.0 documentation) DESeq2 (Bioconductor - DESeq2)
Test original protocol v1
Authors: Durai Heather
Published: December 2021

test abstract
6M GITC v1
Authors: not provided Jacquelina.Woods
Published: December 2021

This method was developed at the FDA’s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for GenomeTrakr’s pandemic response project, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 variants in wastewater. Protocols developed for this project cover wastewater collection, concentration, RNA extraction, RT-qPCR detection, library prep, genome sequencing, quality control checks, and data submission to NCBI. This method provides a reagent formula required in the extraction of RNA from viral concentrates using the RNeasy and Zymo kits.
Immunofluorescent Staining of Mouse Pancreas for Islet Cell Mass Analysis v1
Authors: and Pancreas Analysis Core Islet
Published: December 2021

This SOP defines the assay method used by the Vanderbilt Diabetes Center Islet and Pancreas Analysis (IPA) Core for quantitative determination of the islet cell composition and islet cell mass of mouse pancreas by immunofluorescent staining.
The Silence of Compliance: Child Soldier Trauma Narratives in Contemporary African War Novels
Authors: V Vinod Kumar , S Gayathri
Published: December 2021

The victimhood of child soldiers is without any argument, a fact. In many wars, the illegitimate conscription of children under the age of eighteen has resulted in severe repercussions in the mental health of the child soldiers even after the war. Child soldier trauma depicted through many literary artifacts shows the intensity and gravity of the situation. The novels by Uzodinma Iweala, Chris Abani, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie viz Beasts of No Nation, Song for Night and Half of a Yellow Sun address the issue of child soldier conscription, the resultant trauma, and the slim chances of the betterment of the children even after the war is over. The paper moves toward acknowledging the victimhood of these children but at the same raising concerns about the agency of the trauma. The role of the child soldiers as perpetrators beyond their status of being victims and the necessity to provide proper psychosocio care to avert trauma and impending disorder in the society. A new approach concerning the grey area of in-betweenness in the victim/victimiser binary is needed while analysing desperate times like that of the Biafran civil war.
Narrating the Meaning of Existence: An Analysis of the Autobiographical Narratives of Three Translingual Writers
Authors: Ahmed Amer , Lenchuk Iryna
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on the autobiographical narratives of three translingual writers, Nabokov, Brodsky and Makine. Their narratives are analyzed by taking into account Vygotsky’s ideas on the relationship between language and thought (1987), Bruner’s ideas on storytelling (1986, 2002) and Swain’s concept of languaging as a meaning-making process through language (Swain, 2006). The paper investigates the question of the role of language in making sense of writers’ lives as displaced people. In order to answer this question, we analyzed the autobiographical narratives for languaging episodes that are defined as autobiographical excerpts where the writers attempt to make sense of their lives as displaced people. The following major themes have been identified as the result of the analysis: construction of the lost world out of new experiences, discovery of the meaning of existence, reconciliation through cultural and linguistic hybridity. We believe that the implication of the study is that it can resonate with the lives of other displaced people at the time of cultural and linguistic superdiversity.
Listening to Saudi EFL Learners’ Voices: Demotivating Factors Affecting Learning
Authors: Holbah Wael A , Sharma Vipin
Published: December 2021

A plethora of research has considered motivation instrumental in achieving the requisite objectives in learning a language regrettably overlooked the most critical component called demotivation that indubitably affects the learning process substantially. The researchers have taken the daunting task to figure out the demotivating factors that affect Saudi learners’ English proficiency. The research is qualitatively based on the responses obtained from semi-structured informal interviews with twenty-six respondents and classroom observation inputs from over 125 students learning English as a foreign (EFL) language at Jazan University in Saudi Arabia. The sample of this study responded to a self-structured questionnaire to get qualitative data and after twofold data analysis, six demotivating factors related to students; teachers; environment (internal & external); attitude towards EFL learning; course materials, and time constriction were identified. The findings and suggestions reckon students, teachers, parents, and administrators to give utmost priority to address demotivation factors to facilitate even EFL learning to timely achieve not only the prerequisite learning outcomes but may also lead learners to be autonomous, infuse interest, confident with 21st-century skills, better teacher-learner relationship, and change in cognitive behavior, and non-cognitive aspects which includes perception, attitude, beliefs and willingness to learn English language.
Future pain as present concern
Authors: Onaga Adaora
Published: December 2021

Pain is multidimensional, complex; it affects the ontological structures of the human being and exceeds spatio-temporal boundaries. Therefore, it is universally felt with an impact in the past, moving to the present, and projecting to the future. There are efforts to ease or completely eliminate the impact of pain, however, a good understanding of its biological and anthropological dimensions is necessary for proper orientation of such undertakings. This article identifies some social, cultural, medical-scientific, and individual factors that account for the changes in modes of experiencing and managing pain. It posits that there is a general unpreparedness on the physical, psychological, and spiritual levels for continued pain in the future. It thus analyses factors that need to be learnt in order to promote favourable alterations in mental attitudes, pain sensitivity, and tolerance to pain. Preparing for a future of pain requires interdisciplinary reflection on the bodily, emotional, and spiritual components that constitute the pain experience so as to re-direct its trajectory.
Perlombongan Dasar Laut dalam dan Kesannya terhadap Persekitaran Marin
Authors: Wan Dahalan Wan Siti Adibah , Norhisham Norfatin Azera , Ghulam Khan Intan Nadia , Mat Basir Salawati
Published: December 2021

Industri perlombongan mineral telah berkembang dengan pesat dan berlakunya peningkatan permintaan terhadap sumber ini. Terdapatnya keperluan untuk mencari sumber mineral baru terutamanya dari laut dalam bagi menggantikan sumber mineral berasaskan tanah yang semakin berkurang. Mineral laut dalam mempunyai kepekatan logam yang tinggi berbanding dengan mineral berasaskan tanah. Sehingga kini, terdapat banyak negara yang mula menerokai dan mengeksploitasi sumber mineral daripada aktiviti perlombongan dasar laut dalam. Sepertimana perlombongan berasaskan tanah, persekitaran laut turut menerima kesannya seperti kemusnahan alam sekitar disebabkan aktiviti perlombongan dasar laut dalam. Terdapatnya keperluan untuk menyemak semula undang-undang yang sedia ada bagi memulihara persekitaran laut daripada menerima kesan daripada aktiviti perlombongan dasar laut dalam. Malaysia sebagai salah satu negara di bawah Konvensyen Undang-Undang Laut Antarabangsa 1982 (KUULA 1982) perlu untuk memulakan penerokaan perlombongan dasar laut dalam untuk memperoleh faedah dari segi ekonomi dan teknologi. Malaysia masih tidak mempunyai satu set undang-undang, dasar dan peraturan yang seiring dengan peruntukan konvensyen tersebut bagi mentadbir aktiviti perlombongan dasar laut dalam termasuk perlindungan terhadap persekitaran laut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti ketersediaan negara Malaysia untuk terlibat dalam perlombongan dasar laut dalam dan mengkaji kesan aktitiviti ini terhadap alam sekitar.
Skim i-SURI: Pelaksanaan dalam Kalangan Suri Rumah Menurut Perspektif Perundangan
Authors: Abdullah Nor Anita , Abdul Wahab Harlida , Abdul Rahim Asmar
Published: December 2021

Skim i-SURI diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan pada 15 Ogos 2018 sebagai insentif khas Kerajaan untuk Suri Rumah dan wanita yang berdaftar dalam Pangkalan Data Kemiskinan Nasional (eKasih). Walau bagaimanapun, pelaksanaan Skim i-SURI ini masih belum dapat dilaksanakan sepenuhnya lantaran terdapat kekangan yang melibatkan beberapa peruntukan penting dalam Akta Kumpulan Wang Simpanan Pekerja 1991 (Akta KWSP 1991). Persoalan yang timbul ialah berkenaan dengan pelaksanaan skim ini, adakah sama sepertimana pelaksanaan skim Kumpulan Wang Simpanan Pekerja (KWSP) sedia ada atau berbeza. Jika dilihat dari aspek pelaksanaan skim KWSP, caruman yang dibuat oleh pekerja yang juga merupakan pencarum hanya boleh dikeluarkan secara sepenuhnya apabila telah sampai tempoh umur persaraan sahaja. Oleh itu, makalah ini bertujuan untuk melihat pelaksanaan konsep Skim i-SURI sekiranya boleh menggunapakai skim caruman sedia ada dalam KWSP itu sendiri.
Peasant Frontiers and the Enigma of Peasant Work
Authors: Vanhaute Eric
Published: December 2021

Peasant households produce most of the food in the world today, as they have for millennia. Concentrated in China and India, and spread across the Global South, the variegated persistence of differentiated peasantries and their labor remains one of the most fundamental questions of the 21st century. In this contribution, Eric Vanhaute argues that peasants have underwritten and fueled the expansion of civilizations, empires, states, and economies for the last ten millennia, embodying what he calls “peasant frontiers.” He reflects on how peasant work is foundational for resolving contemporary socio-ecological crises, including those related to capitalist industrial livestock production. The contribution is based on his new book, Peasants in World History, Routledge, 2021.
Surgico-pathological analysis of testicular lesions
Authors: Vidhale Surabhi Arun , Upasham Pragati
Published: December 2021

The primary objective of our study was to identify the different types of histopathological lesions of testes and epididymis occurring in patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital, the objective was also to analyze the spectrum of testicular lesions, our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of testicular malignancies and characterize the tumor based on their histo-morphological features.

This was a prospective study of 2 years (October 2018 to October 2020) aggregating a total of 52 cases. The surgical specimens were referred to the pathology department for histopathological analysis.

Adetailed preoperative history of every case with regards to age, presenting symptoms, and signs along with personal history were obtained.

Also, relevant investigations like serum tumor markers and Ultrasonography findings were analyzed. Postoperatively, the tissue was sent to the histopathology department was studied by proper fixation, gross examination, adequate sampling, and paraffin sections of the same.

10% formalin was used to fix the specimen. Some resources suggest the use of Bouin solution for the fixation of testis biopsy specimens. However, the picric acid in the Bouin solution presents challenges for safe handling and disposal due to its explosive potential.

Hence, given the available resources in our laboratory setting, formalin was the preferred choice of fixative. We ensured that the specimens came in adequate amount of formalin from the OT with correct labeling.We excluded the autolyzed specimens. The data was noted and quantitative analysis was done.

The study was further compared with other previously reported studies.

52 cases were studied and majority of the cases were reported in the age group of 31-40yrs. 65.4% cases were non neoplastic, with testicular torsion being the commonest lesion. Amongthe 23.1% neoplastic cases that were reported, mixed germ cell tumor was the commonest (75%).

Non neoplastic lesions are more common than neoplastic lesions. Torsion testis was the commonest indication for orchidectomy in younger age group. Despite newer techniques in imaging and tumor marker assays the diagnosis of testicular lesions is primarily dependent upon histopathological examination.
Tonsillar Actinomycosis with presence of Epidermal inclusion cyst: Report of a rare entity
Authors: Bhadani Punam Prasad , Aditi Sneha , Singh Avinash
Published: December 2021

Epidermal inclusion cysts (EIC) are benign lesions that can be encountered throughout the body, but with a low incidence in the head and neck region. (1.6 to 7%) The various locations in this region where the cyst can arise are sublingual, submental, submandibular and buccal mucosa. EIC present in the tonsils are extremely rare and reported less than 0.01% in published English literature. We report a rare and incidental finding of epidermal inclusion cyst with actinomycetes in tonsil in a 57 year old male who presented with sore throat and difficulty in swallowing.