bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovering Associations Among Older Adults' Characteristics and Planned Nursing Interventions Using Electronic Health Record Data
Authors: Gao Grace , Kerr Madeleine J. , Lindquist Ruth A. , Chi Chih-Lin , Mathiason Michelle A. , Monsen Karen A.
Published: February 2019

Background and Purpose:

Little is known about how nursing assessments of strengths and signs/symptoms inform intervention planning in assisted living communities. The purpose of this study was to discover associations among older adults' characteristics and their planned nursing interventions.

Methods:

This study employed a data-driven method, latent class analysis, using existing electronic health record data from a senior living community in the Midwest. A convenience sample comprised de-identified data of well-being assessments and care plans for 243 residents. Latent class analysis, descriptive, and inferential statistics were used to group the sample, summarize strengths and problems attributes, nursing interventions, and Knowledge, Behavior, and Status scores, and detect differences.

Results:

Three groups presented based on patterns of strengths and signs/symptoms combined with problem concepts: Living Well (n= 95) had more strengths and fewer signs/symptoms; Lower Strengths (n= 99) had fewer strengths and more signs/symptoms; and Resilient Survivors (n= 49) had more strengths and more signs/symptoms. Some associations were found among group characteristics and planned interventions. Living Well had the lowest average number of planned interventions per resident (Mean = 2.7; standard deviation [SD] = 1.7) followed by Lower Strengths (Mean = 3.8;SD= 2.6) and Resilient Survivors (Mean = 4.1;SD= 3.4).

Implications for Practice:

This study offers new knowledge in the use of a strengths-based ontology to facilitate a nursing discourse that leverages use of older adults' strengths to address their problems and support their living a healthier life. It also offers the potential to complement the problem-based infrastructure in clinical practice and documentation.
English-to-Spanish Translation of the Nijmegen Professionalism Scale
Authors: García-Moyano Loreto , Altisent Rogelio , Delgado-Marroquin María Teresa , Pellicer-García Begoña , Arrazola-Alberdi Oihana , Antón-Solanas Isabel
Published: February 2019

Background and purpose:

The aim of this investigation was to perform the cross-cultural and linguistic translation and adaptation of the Nijmegen Professionalism Scale for Spanish nursing. Originally designed by Tromp et al. (2010) for its use by general practitioners, the new Spanish version of this tool assesses professional commitment, allowing for the comparison, prevention, association, and longitudinal monitoring of commitment among nursing professionals.

Methods:

The linguistic translation from English to Spanish was performed using the translation–back-translation method; the process of cross-cultural adaptation to the Spanish nursing context was carried out following the recommendations given by a panel of experts comprised of 24 practicing nurses with different professional backgrounds. The data for the feasibility study were collected between December 2015 and January 2016.

Results:

The original English version of the instrument contains 106 items and was originally developed for assessing professional behavior of general practitioner trainees; the new version, with a significant reduction in the initial number of items, comprises 49 items and is now ready for pilot testing and validation in our context.

Implications for practice:

The Nijmegen Professionalism Scale in its Spanish version will act not only as a tool for measuring professional commitment among Spanish nurses but also as a motivational resource and means for reflection which will, in turn, increase the quality of the care provided by these professionals.
Narrativas transmedia, un mecanismo de comunicación en la infancia
Authors: Manchego Lina María , Saavedra Bautista Claudia Esperanza
Published: February 2019

This article presents the results of the research project entitled Transmedia narratives: Teacher, childhood, and communication, which aimed to identify the incidence of transmedia narratives in the communication of pre-kindergarten to preschool children at the Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. This study was developed using the action-participation research methodology, which emphasizes reflexive exploration generated from pedagogical practices. The paper concludes that when the teacher articulates different media through transmedia narratives as a didactic strategy, children reaffirm their identity by being recognized as prosumers and constructors of subjectivity, through vital experimentation and personal forms of language expression and communication.
Alfabetización visual: un campo inexplorado. Enseñanza de la fotografía en bachillerato en cinco colegios Distritales de tres localidades de Bogotá.
Authors: Duque Rubio Fanny , Peña Santana Alexandra , Prieto Parrado Diana Carolina
Published: February 2019

This research describes photography teaching practices developed by high school teachers within the area of Artistic Education in five district schools in three localities of Bogotá: Fontibón, Usme, and Ciudad Bolívar. The constitutive elements of these practices were identified and described: objectives, planning, themes, execution and development, and resources; some considerations were proposed regarding visual literacy developed from photography as an artistic expression. The qualitative methodological design is descriptive-explanatory; techniques used to collect information consisted of survey, first, to identify key informants and, second, semi-structured interviews to take a closer look at the specific field. Information was examined using the proposal of “Distilling information” for content analysis. Results evidenced that teaching practices are personal approaches that teachers developed based on their complementary training, with an emphasis on the teaching of photography technique, focusing on the context and immediate reality of students.
El conflicto en la convivencia escolar: Creencias y prácticas de los estudiantes, padres de familia y docentes de una Institución Educativa Distrital
Authors: Bohórquez Correa Rosa Isabel , Chaux Real Yury Nathaly , Vaca Vaca Martha Patricia
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to identify the beliefs and practices of different actors from a district educational institution located in the locality of Ciudad Bolívar (Bogotá, Colombia) about conflict. A qualitative, interpretive, hermeneutic study was developed through focus groups and participant observation. Ten teachers, ten parents, and ten second- and third-grade students participated. The information obtained was analyzed based on the ideas of grounded theory, and it was triangulated with data recorded during three sessions of participant observation. The results are presented based on three categories of analysis: 1) a view of the actors of the educational community about conflict, 2) the tension between family and school regarding conflict management, and 3) conflict management: a lost school subject? The results allow advancing our understanding of the beliefs and practices of educational communities about conflict. Furthermore, they are expected to become an input for the construction of projects at the community and institutional levels.
Caracterización de estudios e investigaciones sobre la relación entre necesidades educativas especiales con población sorda y representaciones sociales desde la inclusión
Authors: Motta Totena Erika Paola
Published: February 2019

El propósito de esta investigación es exponer una caracterización de estudios de carácter Nacional e Internacional, realizados durante 1995-2014 sobre diversos abordajes que se le han dado a los procesos de inclusión escolar, de acuerdo a dos categorías fundamentales la primera de ellas la comunidad sorda y segundo las representaciones sociales, para destacar las líneas de investigación que se entretejen con esta población. Para ello se efectuó un acercamiento desde el enfoque multimodal o mixto. Asimismo, se utilizó como soporte metodológico la investigación de corte documental, facilitando la clasificación de cada estudio de acuerdo a los centros de interés más relevantes, esto con el fin de acoplarlos cualitativa y cuantitativamente a las tendencias de mayor resonancia en este campo educativo.
El pensamiento decolonial: una apuesta hacia los saberes ancestrales para la construcción de la identidad latinoamericana
Authors: Díaz Pérez Vianney Rocío
Published: February 2019

This article aims to open a discussion about what is meant by decolonial thinking and its role in the construction of pedagogical proposals that seek to appropriate the ancestral knowledge of various native peoples of the continent. Non-parametric didactics in the construction of mathematical thinking based on ancestral Inca and Sikuani knowledge.
Competencias e investigación educativa en un curso de Lingüística
Authors: Monsalve Flórez Jhon Alexánder
Published: February 2019

This article describes a process of classroom intervention in order to strengthen professional competencies through the integration of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that serve as a basis for a reflection on what it means to work as a language teacher. According to the above, a competency-based approach guides the pedagogical purposes of this proposal: it explains the role of research as a didactic strategy for the enhancement of academic and professional competencies. To this end, it analyzes the process and results of researches carried out by future teachers studying at the BA program in Spanish and Literature. Thus, it was possible to establish relationships between the academic knowledge of students and the skills and attitudes of teachers who teach their native language.
La subjetividad de los niños en el tránsito del entorno familiar al escolar
Authors: Serrano Figueroa Maria Larissa Judith
Published: February 2019

The family is the cornerstone of society; it is not the only setting, however, with which human beings must cope, since at an early age it is necessary to leave the protection of the family to be included in environments such as school and kindergarten. All these changes cause difficulties for children, who need to adapt to them. Due to these changes, they begin to recognize the existence of their own being through their individualization and the experience the inner subject brings to the individual. This is where the present study gains importance, since it seeks to identify how the child’s socialization and adaptation to changes is produced at the beginning of school age, based on a systematic review of articles and other academic documents, with an important contribution of scientific evidence.
Molecular profile in breast cancer
Authors: Pantano Francesco , D’Onofrio Loretta , Prat Aleix
Published: February 2019

Over recent decades breast cancer research has undergone a real revolution thanks to the emergence of novel technologies based on high throughput gene expression analysis. Gene-expression profiling has made a significant contribution to our understanding of breast cancer biology, and clinical researchers have moved from “semantic” classification of breast cancer subclasses by pathology-based biomarkers (e.g. estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 status) into new genomic classifiers. The terminology of intrinsic subtypes was adopted by the 2011 St. Gallen Consensus Conference to describe the paradigm for making treatment decisions in patients with breast cancer. Apart from expanding prognostic knowledge, the application of molecular profiling will allow prediction of treatment efficacy and forecasting of outcomes for individual patients with breast cancer. Currently available tests include Oncotype DX™, NanoString PAM50 test (Prosigna®), MammaPrint® and EndoPredict. Prospective clinical trials adding these tests are currently ongoing.
Case 1 – Multidisciplinary treatment of a giant cell tumor of the bone affecting the sacrum of a young woman
Authors: D’Ambrosio Lorenzo , Boccone Paola , Pellegrino Pietro , Miano Sara , Bertotto Ilaria , Manca Antonio , Pisacane Alberto , Grignani Giovanni , Piana Raimondo , Rutkowski Piotr
Published: February 2019

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a benign but locally aggressive tumor arising in the bones. The sacrum represents the most common involved site of the spine. At this level GCT might cause relevant neurological deficits and/or impair activities of daily living. The mainstay of treatment is still represented by the adequate removal of the tumor limiting at the same time the impact of surgery. However, GCT may relapse or present in “difficult” locations or with very large destructive lesions that may not be operated preserving the function of the involved bone. In this scenario, subcutaneous administration of denosumab, a fully-humanized monoclonal antibody specifically directed against RANK-L, can reduce surgical risks and invasiveness improving outcomes. Here we present the case of a young lady affected by a large GCT of the sacrum that emphasizes the importance of the multidisciplinary management of this disease taking into account patient’s preferences.
Predictive biomarkers of response for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: a cumbersome gold rush
Authors: Vingiani Andrea , Barberis Massimo , Guerini-Rocco Elena
Published: February 2019

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are overexpressed in a number of human malignancies. More interestingly, their expression has been associated with patient survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal, pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma, with the data commonly suggesting a negative prognostic role. In this review, we summarize the pros and cons regarding the predictive role of PD-L1 expression in candidate patients for checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, we discuss the potential predictive role of other biomarkers, such as tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair deficiency and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. We conclude that PD-L1 testing probably represents simply a “snapshot” of an intricate, fluctuating and dynamic process, that in turn represents the interplay between the immune system and cancer. The PD-L1 assay can be considered more useful for response stratification than in patient selection.
Real-world safety profile of abiraterone acetate in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and cardiovascular comorbidities: a retrospective, single center study
Authors: Fuca Giovanni , Verzoni Elena , Mennitto Alessia , Prisciandaro Michele , Ratta Raffaele , Procopio Giuseppe
Published: February 2019

Background: Abiraterone acetate became a referral treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in a post-docetaxel setting despite a remarkable percentage of cardiovascular adverse events (AEs). As a consequence, the evaluation of cardiovascular safety in patients at risk should be mandatory. We aimed to assess the cardiovascular safety of abiraterone acetate in a real-world series of mCRPC patients treated at our institution.

Materials and Methods: We retrospectively included mCRPC patients with at least 1 active cardiovascular comorbidity or risk factor according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines and who started treatment with abiraterone acetate from April 2011 to July 2012. Cardiac assessment with electrocardiogram and echocardiogram was performed at baseline and at treatment discontinuation. AEs were defined according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0. Statistical analyses were performed by descriptive statistics as appropriate.

Results: We included 51 patients of whom 18% had an ESC score risk for a major cardiovascular event ≥4%. At a median follow-up of 36 months, no cardiac AEs (rhythm abnormalities or left ventricular function decrease) were observed. The most frequent grade 1-2 AE reported was fluid retention (18%) followed by hypertension and asthenia (16%). The most frequent grade 3-4 AEs were asthenia and pruritus/rash. No patients discontinued abiraterone because of toxicity.

Conclusions: Abiraterone acetate showed a favorable safety profile in mCRPC patients with cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors in a post-docetaxel setting, but further studies are needed to confirm our findings and to explore other settings of disease.
SRSF2 mutations in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Nicoloso Milena Sabrina , Schiappacassi Monica , Dall’Acqua Alessandra , D’Andrea Sara , Benevol Sara , Sorio Roberto , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Giorda Giorgio , Baldassarre Gustavo
Published: February 2019

Resistance to platinum chemotherapy regimens represents a major obstacle in the successful treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. Among the molecular mechanism responsible for resistance to platinum, alternative splicing, which is induced upon platinum treatment, can control apoptosis by regulating the expression of apoptotic protein variants with opposite functions. Alterations in alternative splicing are found in tumors and can hinder apoptotic response. In the present study we sequenced SRSF2, a splicing factor that regulates Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 variants, in search of mutations that could possibly explain alternative mechanisms of platinum resistant in EOC.
Arazi Fiyatını Etkileyen Faktörlerin Doğrudan ve Dolaylı Etkilerinin Path Analizi ile Belirlenmesi: Samsun İli Ladik İlçesi Örneği
Authors: BAŞER Uğur , KILIÇ Osman , ABACI Hasan Samet
Published: February 2019

Araştırmanın amacı, arazi fiyatını etkileyen faktörlerin doğrudan ve
dolaylı etkilerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın materyalini, 2018’de Samsun ili
Ladik ilçesinde yapılan anketler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada, arazi fiyatını
doğrudan ve dolaylı etkileyen faktörler path analiziyle ortaya konulmuştur.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; arazi fiyatını pozitif yönde etkileyen değişkenler
verim ve sulama iken, negatif yönde etkileyen değişkenler taşlılık, eğim, köye
ve ana yola uzaklıktır. Arazi fiyatını doğrudan etkileyen en önemli değişken % 60
ile ana yola uzaklık, en yüksek dolaylı etkiye sahip değişken ise % 69 ile
taşlılık durumudur. Arazi fiyatını pozitif yönde etkileyen verimin doğrudan
etkisi % 44, dolaylı etkisi % 56’dır. Sulamanın ise doğrudan etkisi % 38,
dolaylı etkisi % 62’dir. Sulamaya ait dolaylı etkinin % 45’i sulamanın ürün
verimini artırmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Arazi fiyatını etkileyen faktörlerin
doğrudan ve dolaylı etkilerinin ortaya konulması, bilimsel ve objektif arazi
değerleme çalışmalarına önemli katkı sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca elde edilen
sonuçlar, arazi değerleme yöntemleri için yardımcı bir unsur olarak
kullanılabilecektir.
Editors' Introduction
Authors: Whittington Valerie , Stockman James Michael
Published: February 2019

This introduction provides a brief overview of the current edition.
Walter Benjamin’s Zur Kritik der Gewalt (‘On the Critique of Violence’): reception, relevance, and a mis-diagnosis?
Authors: Whittington Valerie
Published: February 2019

Walter Benjamin’s early essay Zur Kritik der Gewalt [Zur Kritik] first published in 1921 is a notoriously difficult text, but its relevance to contemporary politics makes it a text to which theorists repeatedly return. This reading takes issue with those critics, notably Axel Honneth, who see Benjamin’s project in Zur Kritik as fatally, dangerously flawed. It is suggested here that Benjamin’s text, despite the difficulties, still posits the possibility of a ‘lookout point’ - not prescriptive per se but in keeping with his abiding interest in literature, metaphorical and exegetical. There is no ground on which to stand that does not in effect constitute the lookout point of the place and times of the lookout, but this reading suggests that the Benjaminian lookout point is the lookout which is never fixed because it is not ‘looking out’ on but towards others, and is not merely addressing and prescribing, but talking with itself and others. That Benjamin embraces religious language to effect this move, perhaps suggesting, a lookout in judgment from a fixed point, from some ‘higher’ (transcendental) ground, certainly might be troubling for some, but it will be suggested these anxieties are misplaced.
Use of Botanical Dietary Supplements in Infants and Children and Their Effects on Health
Authors: Çiftçi Seda , Samur F. Gülhan
Published: February 2019

Botanical Dietary Supplements (BDS) has an important
part in the human diet throughout the history. People, who lived in ancient
times, relied on the plants for the treatment of diseases of infants and
children. According to World Health Organization, approximately 80 percent of
the population who live in developing countries use herbal supplements in order
to meet the basic health needs of relies on Botanical Dietary Supplements for infants and children
are used for upper respiratory tract infection, lack of appetite,
gastrointestinal disorders, sleep disorders, urinary tract disorders,
gynecological diseases and skin diseases. Furthermore, not only the medical
products but also botanical dietary supplements are used for Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), depression, inflammatory bowel disease, cystic
fibrosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, along with chronic diseases like asthma or
cancer. The most widely used botanical dietary supplements are echinacea, St.
St. John's wort, ginseng and ginkgo biloba. On the other hand, the use of
botanical dietary supplements by infants and children not may only cause side
effects but also can interact with other drugs used. It should be noted that
the dosage of botanical supplements consumption for children also differs from
the dosage for adults. In conclusion, this paper explains which botanical
dietary supplements can be used by infants and children and their positive and
negative effects on health
The Reliability of Commonly Used Radiographic Parameters in the Evaluation of the Pre-Arthritic Hip
Authors: Carreira Dominic S. , Emmons Brendan R.
Published: February 2019

Background:

Radiographs play a central role in the evaluation of the extent of arthritic change and the quantification of morphological parameters characteristic of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and/or dysplasia. Reporting of these parameters is widespread in the literature, occasionally as an instrument for data pooling in collaborative research endeavors. Yet, the metrological properties of commonly used radiographic descriptors of acetabular and femoral architecture relevant to the field of hip preservation have not been reviewed systematically. The purpose of the present review was twofold: (1) to identify the current body of data available on the reliability of commonly used radiographic descriptors of the pre-arthritic hip and (2) to collate best practices and methodological pearls and pitfalls from the existing investigations that have explored the reliability of these radiographic measures.

Methods:

Article screening methodology involved an extensive search of 2 databases (PubMed Central, Embase). Metrological reliability data and best practices and frequencies with which these practices have been reported in existing investigations were extracted from the methods of the included studies. The radiographic parameters that were chosen as a focus for the present review were based on a discussion among a number of experienced hip-preservation surgeons.

Results:

Forty-three articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Eleven recurring components of study design were isolated from the included investigations as being critical for minimizing bias in the assessment of the reliability of these radiographic morphological parameters. Sixteen (37.2%) of the included studies reported the use of at least 1 quality-control measure for ensuring radiographic integrity. The radiographic parameters with the most reliability data included the lateral center-edge angle (22 studies), the Tönnis angle (14 studies), and the alpha angle (18 studies). Categorical markers of acetabular retroversion and the extent of osteoarthritis have been less-frequently studied with respect to their reliability, with the exception of the crossover sign, which was evaluated in 11 of the included studies.

Conclusions:

The radiographic parameter with the most metrological evidence in support of its reliability was the lateral center-edge angle (with 22 [100%] of 22 studies reporting acceptable reliability), whereas the Tönnis grade of osteoarthritis consistently demonstrated subpar interrater and intrarater reliability. Side-arm investigations for testing reliability may be needed by individual studies to prove the validity of data-pooling practices as collaborative endeavors continue to become more widespread.
ANÁLISE DE CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE FORÇA MUSCULAR, IGF-1 E AUTONOMIA FUNCIONAL EM IDOSAS COM EXCESSO DE PESO SUBMETIDAS A EXERCÍCIOS RESISTIDOS AQUÁTICOS
Authors: Castro Juliana Brandão Pinto de , Brum Rosana Dias de Oliveira , Pernambuco Carlos Soares , Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza
Published: February 2019

Contexto: Dentre as alterações orgânicas que tendem a ocorrer com o envelhecimento, tem-se a redução da força muscular, dos níveis séricos de IGF-1 e da autonomia funcional (AF). Contudo, esses efeitos deletérios podem ser amenizados por meio da prática de exercícios físicos, como a hidroginástica.Objetivos: Analisar a correlação entre força muscular, IGF-1, IGFBP3 e AF em idosas com excesso de peso submetidas a exercícios resistidos aquáticos.Método: A amostra foi composta por 14 idosas (idade: 68,93 ± 4,46 anos; IMC: 28,55 ± 2,08 kg/m2) submetidas a exercícios resistidos aquáticos durante 12 semanas. A intervenção ocorreu 3 vezes por semana, com 50 minutos por sessão de treinamento. A força muscular foi mensurada através de dinamometria, incluindo força de membros inferiores e de preensão palmar direita (FMD) e esquerda (FME). A coleta de sangue para análise do IGF-1 e seu principal carreador, o IGFBP3, foi realizada através do método quimioluminescência. A AF foi avaliada por meio do protocolo de autonomia GDLAM.Resultados: O teste de correlação de Pearson apresentou correlação (r) positiva e significativa entre FMD e FME, FMD e IGF1, FMD e IGFBP3, FME e IGF1, FME e IGFBP3, e IGF1 e IGFBP3.Conclusoes: A prática de exercícios resistidos aquáticos pode melhorar os níveis de força muscular de preensão manual, de IGF1 e de IGFBP3 em idosas com excesso de peso.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS UTILIZADORES DE PISCINAS EM PORTUGAL: PRÁTICAS USUAIS E MOTIVAÇÕES
Authors: Pereira Neiva Henrique , Brandão Faíl Luís , José Silva António , Almeida Marinho Daniel
Published: February 2019

Contexto: A realização de exercício em contexto aquático apresenta numerosos benefícios. Contudo, a sua prática pode ser condicionada por alguns constrangimentos.Objetivos: Pretendemos assim verificar quais os hábitos e as motivações dos portugueses relativamente à utilização das piscinas, procurando assim perceber as condicionantes para a prática do exercício físico em contexto aquático.Método: Foi aplicado um inquérito a 530 indivíduos, utilizadores de piscinas cobertas, de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 88 anos de idade. O questionário incluía informações sobre a caraterização pessoal e também acerca da realização de atividades aquáticas por parte de cada indivíduo. Os dados resultantes foram posteriormente analisados por métodos estatísticos descritivos.Resultados: Verificou-se uma prevalência dos indivíduos para a prática de natação (62%) seguido da hidroginástica (35%), sendo motivados na sua grande parte pela procura da melhoria da saúde (47%). Na sua maioria, os sujeitos são experientes, frequentando a piscina há mais de 2 anosConclusoes: Observou-se que os portugueses avaliados praticam essencialmente natação e hidroginástica, ao final do dia e motivados pela melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar individual.
Recruitment for Clinical Trials – A Challenge for Electronic Support?
Authors: Becker Linda , Gansland Thomas , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Newe Axel
Published: February 2019

Introduction

One of the most challenging and most meaningful designs in medical research are clinical trials (CTs). One essential step before a CT can start is recruitment, i. e., to identify patients that fit to the study design and which fulfill the inclusion and do not fulfill the exclusion criteria. The recruitment for CTs might be supported by means of modern information technologies. The aims of the present work were 1) to evaluate which tools (not necessarily electronical) are actually used in clinical routine and 2) to evaluate in which way and of which kind electronic support would be helpful for the clinical staff.

Methods

Semi-standardized interviews were performed in five wards (cardiology, gynaecology, gastroenterology, nephrology, and palliative care) in a German university hospital. The interviewees were all directly involved in patient recruitment. Three of them were clinicians, one was a study nurse, and one was a research assistant.

Results

All interviewees reported that either feasibility estimations as well as recruitment is mostly done from memory, although there would be many possibilities where IT support could assist. However, all participants reported some kind of IT support. Searches in ward-specific patient registers (data bases) and searches in Clinical Information Systems were reported. Furthermore, free text searches in medical reports were mentioned. There was no preference whether active or passive systems would be desired for potentially future applications. However, unless IT support, the most relevant factor for successful recruitment that was mentioned by all of the interviewees was personal motivation.

Conclusions

Overall, IT support has a minor standing in the recruitment for CTs today. The lack of IT usage and the estimations from memory that were reported from all of the participants, might bind cognitive resources which might district from clinical routine. We conclude that the recruitment for CT is still a challenge for electronic support and that education of the clinic staff about the possibilities is compellingly necessary.
Enhancing & Mobilizing the POtential for Wellness & Emotional Resilience Among Surrogate Decision-Makers of ICU Patients (EMPOWER): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Prigerson Holly G. , Viola Martin , Brewin Chris R. , Cox Christopher , Ouyang Daniel , Rogers Madeline , Pan Cynthia X. , Rabin Shayna , Xu Jiehui , Vaughan Susan , Gordon-Elliot Janna S. , Berlin David , Lief Lindsay , Lichtenthal Wendy G.
Published: February 2019

Background Critical illness increases the risk for poor mental health outcomes among both patients and their informal caregivers or surrogate decision-makers. Surrogates who must make life-and-death medical decisions on behalf of incapacitated patients may experience additional distress. EMPOWER (Enhancing & Mobilizing the POtential for Wellness & Emotional Resilience among Surrogate Decision-Makers of ICU Patients) is a novel cognitive-behavioral, acceptance-based intervention delivered in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting to surrogate decision-makers designed to improve both patients’ quality of life and death and dying as well as surrogates’ mental health. Methods Clinician stakeholder and surrogate participant feedback (n=15), as well as results from an open trial (n =10), will be used to refine the intervention, which will then be administered as a multisite randomized controlled trial (n = 60) to examine clinical superiority to usual care. Feasibility, tolerability, and acceptability of the intervention will be evaluated through self-report assessments. Hierarchical linear modeling will be used to adjust for clustering within interventionists to determine the effect of EMPOWER on surrogate differences in the primary outcome, peritraumatic stress. Secondary outcomes will include symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), prolonged grief disorder (PGD) and experiential avoidance. Exploratory outcomes will include symptoms of anxiety, depression, and decision regret, all measured at one-month and three-months from baseline. Linear regression models will examine the effects of assignment to EMPOWER versus the enhanced usual care group on patient quality of life or quality of death and intensity of care the patient received during the indexed ICU stay assessed at the time of the post-intervention assessment on. Participant exit interviews will be conducted at the three-month assessment time point and will be analyzed using qualitative thematic data analysis methods. Discussion The EMPOWER study is unique in its application of evidence-based psychotherapy targeting peritraumatic stress to improve patient and caregiver outcomes in the setting of critical illness. The experimental intervention will be strengthened through the input of a variety of ICU stakeholders, including behavioral health clinicians, physicians, bereaved informal caregivers, and open trial participants. Results of the RCT will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and serve as preliminary data for a larger, multisite RCT grant application. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03276559 (Retrospectively registered September 8th, 2017)
COMMENCE Trial – Comparing hypOtherMic teMperaturEs duriNg hemiarCh surgEry A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mild vs Moderate Hypothermia on Patient Outcomes in Aortic Hemiarch Surgery with Anterograde Cerebral Perfusion
Authors: Jabagi Habib , Wells George , Boodhwani Munir
Published: February 2019

Background

Aortic arch surgery remains the only viable life-saving treatment for aortic arch disease. However, the necessity for cessation of systemic blood flow with hypothermic cardiac arrest carries substantial risk of morbidity and mortality, including poor neurological outcomes and kidney failure. While uncontrolled studies have suggested the safety of operating at warmer temperatures, significant variables remain un-investigated supporting the need for a randomized clinical trial to produce evidence-based guidelines for perfusion strategies in aortic surgery. This study proposes a multi-centre RCT, in order to compare outcomes of warmer hypothermic strategies during hemiarch surgery on a composite endpoint of neurologic and acute kidney injury.

Methods

This is a prospective multi-centre, single-blind two-arm RCT comparing mild (32°C) versus moderate (26°C) hypothermic cardiac arrest in patients (n=282) undergoing aortic hemiarch surgery with antegrade cerebral perfusion. The primary endpoint is a composite of neurological injury (incidence of TIA and/or stroke) and acute kidney injury (1 or higher). Secondary outcomes include death, cardiopulmonary bypass time, bleeding, transfusion rates, prolonged mechanical ventilation, myocardial infarction, length of stay, and quality of life measures.

Patients will undergo 1:1 block randomization to each treatment arm on day of surgery. Sequence of operation will be at the surgeon's discretion with mandatory guidelines for temperature and antegrade cerebral perfusion administration. Perioperative management will occur as per enrolling centre standard of care. Neurocognitive function will be assessed using validated neurological screening tests: NIHSS, MOCA, BI, and MRS. Diagnosis and classification of acute kidney injury will be assessed using creatinine measurements. Study duration for each patient will be 60±30 days.

Discussion

It is hoped that performing hemiarch surgery using mild hypothermia (32°C) and selective anterograde cerebral perfusion will result in a 15% absolute risk reduction in the composite outcomes. The potential of this risk reduction will translate into improved patient outcomes, survival, and long-term financial savings to the Health Care system. In addition to this, the results of this trial will be used to create the first-ever guidelines for temperature management strategy during aortic surgery.
The role of p66Shc in high glucose concentration -induced oxidative damage in R28 cells
Authors: Zhao Minghui , Wu Qiang , Hu Jianyan , Lu Peirong
Published: February 2019

Purpose: To investigate the effect of high glucose concentrations on the expression of p66Shc and phosphorylation of p66Shc Ser36 in R28 cells, and to elucidate the role of p66Shc in high glucose-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis of R28 cells.
Methods: R28 cells were cultured with various concentrations of D-glucose, or with 30 mM D-glucose or 30 mM mannitol only for the indicated timepoints. The expression of p66Shc and phosphorylation of p66Shc Ser36 were subsequently detected. Additionally, R28 cells were divided into five groups: i. control (CTL) group; ii. high glucose group; iii. high glucose overexpressed p66Shc group; iv. high glucose p66Shc knockout (KO) group; and v. high glucose S36A mutant group. P66Shc, cytochrome C, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA damage, and apoptosis were also evaluated.
Results: With the increase of glucose concentration, the levels of p66Shc mRNA and expression of p66Shc protein gradually increased. P66Shc mRNA and protein levels, and phosphorylation of p66Shc Ser36 increased with the prolongation of exposure to high concentrations of glucose. Notably, after stimulation with 30 mM mannitol, the levels of p66Shc mRNA, p66Shc protein, and p66Shc S36 phosphorylation did not change. With the increase of p66Shc level in the mitochondria of R28 cells, ROS content in mitochondria increased, mitochondrial DNA damage was exacerbated, cytochrome C content in mitochondria decreased, and apoptosis increased.
Conclusion: High glucose concentrations increased the expression of p66Shc in R28 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. P66Shc regulated both oxidative damage and apoptosis in R28 cells.
Evaluation of Endothelial Biomarkers on the Prognosis of Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Tsai Tsung-Yu , Tu Kun-Hua , Tsai Feng-Chun , Nan Yu-Yun , Fan Pei-Chun , Chang Chih-Hsiang , Tian Ya-Chung , Fang Ji-Tseng , Yang Chih-Wei , Chen Yung-Chang
Published: February 2019

Background

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is often used in critical patients with severe myocardial failure. However, patients on ECMO often have high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Recent studies suggest that endothelial activation with subsequent vascular barrier breakdown is a critical pathogenic mechanism in organ damage and related to the outcome in critical illness. This study aimed to determine whether the endothelial biomarkers could serve as prognostic factors for the outcome of patients on ECMO.

Methods

This prospective study enrolled total 23 critically ill patients on veno-arterial ECMO in the intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital between March 2014 and February 2015. Serum samples were tested for thrombomodulin, angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were also collected.

Results

The overall mortality rate was 56.5%. The combination of Ang-2 at the time of ECMO support (day 0) and VEGF at day 2 had modest prognostic ability of discriminating mortality (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC], 0.854; 95% confidence interval: 0.645-0.965).

Conclusions

In this study, we found that the combination of Ang-2 at day 0 and VEGF at day 2 was a modest model for mortality discrimination in this group of patients.
Prospects of measurements on the anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the $\tau$-neutrino in $pp$ collisions at the LHC
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Alejandro , Köksal Murat , Billur Ahmet A. , HERNANDEZ MARIA
Published: February 2019

In this paper the production cross-section
pp\rightarrow (\gamma, Z) \to \nu_\tau \bar \nu_\tau \gamma+Xpp→(γ,Z)→ντν‾τγ+X
in pppp
collisions at
\sqrt{s}=13, 14, 33\hspace{0.8mm}TeV
is presented. Furthermore, we estimate bounds at the
95\%95%
C.L. on the dipole moments of the \tauτ-neutrino
using integrated luminosity of
{\cal L}= 100, 500, 1000, 3000 \hspace{0.8mm}fb^{-1}
collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC and we consider systematic
uncertainties of \delta_{sys} = 0\%, \, 5\%, \,10\%δsys=0%,5%,10%.
We found that the current and future LHC bounds are weaker than other
experiments reported in previous investigations. However, it is shown
that the estimated process is a good prospect for probing the dipole
moments of the \tauτ-neutrino
at the LHC.
Sensitivity on the electromagnetic dipole moments of the tau-lepton at the CLIC
Authors: HERNANDEZ MARIA , Billur Ahmet A. , Köksal Murat , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Alejandro
Published: February 2019

In this paper we established model independent bounds on the
anomalous magnetic and electric dipole moments of the tau-lepton using
the process \mathbf{\gamma\gamma \to \tau^+\tau^-}𝛄𝛄→𝛕+𝛕−.
We use data collected with the future \mathbf{e^+ e^-}𝐞+𝐞−
linear collider such as the CLIC at \mathbf{\sqrt{s}}𝐬
= 380, 1500, 3000 GeV, and we consider systematic uncertainties of
\mathbf{\delta_{sys}}𝛅𝐬𝐲𝐬
= 0\%%,
3\%%,
5\%%.
The theory predictions are a very good prospect for probing the dipole
moments of the tau-lepton at the future \mathbf{e^ + e^-}𝐞+𝐞−
linear collider at the \mathbf{\gamma\gamma}𝛄𝛄
mode.
Measurement of the spectral function for the $τ^-\to K^-K_Sν_τ$ decay in BABAR experiment
Authors: Serednyakov Sergey
Published: February 2019

The decay \mathbf{\tau^{-}\to K^{-}K_S\nu_{\tau}}𝛕−→𝐊−𝐊𝐒𝛎𝛕
has been studied using \mathbf{430\times10^6 ~ e^+e^-\to \tau^+\tau^-}430×106𝐞+𝐞−→𝛕+𝛕−
events produced at a center-of-mass energy around 10.6 GeV at the PEP-II
collider and studied with the BABAR detector. The mass spectrum of the
\mathbf{K^{-}K_S}𝐊−𝐊𝐒
system has been measured and the spectral function has been obtained.
The measured branching fraction
\mathbf{{\cal B}(\tau^{-}\to K^{-}K_S\nu_{\tau})=
(0.739\pm 0.011(\rm stat.)\pm 0.020(\rm syst.))}\mathbf{\times 10^{-3}}×10−3
is found to be in agreement with earlier measurements.
Search for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the $Z$ boson into a $\tau$-lepton and a light lepton with the ATLAS detector
Authors: Chan Wing Sheung
Published: February 2019

Lepton flavour violation in the charged lepton sector is an
unambiguous signal of physics beyond the Standard Model. Searches for
lepton flavour violation in decays of the ZZ
boson with the ATLAS detector is reported, focusing on decays into an
electron or muon and a hadronically decaying
\tauτ-lepton,
using pppp
collisions data with a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Upper limits on
the branching ratios of lepton-flavor-violating decays are set at the
95% confidence level: \mathcal{B}(Z\to e\tau) < 5.8\times10^{-5}ℬ(Z→eτ)<5.8×10−5
and \mathcal{B}(Z\to \mu\tau) < 2.4\times10^{-5}ℬ(Z→μτ)<2.4×10−5.
When combined with a previous ATLAS result based on
pppp
collisions data with a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, an upper limit of
\mathcal{B}(Z\to \mu\tau) < 1.3\times10^{-5}ℬ(Z→μτ)<1.3×10−5
is obtained.
Renormalization-group improvement in hadronic $τ$ decays in 2018
Authors: Boito Diogo , Masjuan Pere , Oliani Fabio
Published: February 2019

One of the main sources of theoretical uncertainty in the extraction
of the strong coupling from hadronic tau decays stems from the
renormalization group improvement of the series. Perturbative series in
QCD are divergent but are (most likely) asymptotic expansions. One needs
knowledge about higher orders to be able to choose the optimal
renormalization-scale setting procedure. Here, we discuss the use of
Padé approximants as a model-independent and robust method to extract
information about the higher-order terms. We show that in hadronic
\tauτ
decays the fixed-order expansion, known as fixed-order perturbation
theory (FOPT), is the most reliable mainstream method to set the scale.
This fully corroborates previous conclusions based on the available
knowledge about the leading renormalon singularities of the perturbative
series.
Determining $\alpha_s$ from hadronic $\tau$ decay: the pitfalls of truncating the OPE
Authors: Boito Diogo , Golterman Maarten , Maltman Kim , Peris Santiago
Published: February 2019

We discuss sum-rule determinations of \alpha_sαs
from non-strange hadronic \tauτ-decay
data. We investigate, in particular, the reliability of the assumptions
underlying the “truncated OPE strategy,” which specifies a certain
treatment of non-perturbative contributions, and which was employed in
Refs. . Here, we test this strategy by applying the strategy to the
RR-ratio
obtained from e^+e^-e+e−
data, which extend beyond the \tauτ
mass, and demonstrate that the assumptions underlying this strategy are
not, in general, valid. We then present a brief overview of new results
on the form of duality-violating non-perturbative contributions, which
are conspicuously present in the experimentally determined spectral
functions. As we show, with the current precision claimed for the
extraction of \alpha_sαs,
including a representation of duality violations is unavoidable if one
wishes to avoid uncontrolled theoretical errors.
External labor migration in the context of marketing research (evidence from Russia)
Authors: B. Yakovleva Yelena , P. Kuznetsova Nataliya , A. Drozdov Oleg
Published: February 2019

The answer to the question about the labor migrants attraction economic effect on the national economy of the recipient countries remains uncertain. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the necessity and significance of mass labor migration for the economic development of recipient countries in general and Russia in particular. During the study, the authors implemented the following tasks:1) to identify and assess the contradictions that occur at the micro and macro levels in the host country using migrant labor;2) to calculate the most essential economic indicators of the efficient use of foreign labor in Russia (based on 2016 data);3) to assess the contribution of migrant labor to the GDP; and4) to clarify the impact of all levels of taxes and fees for patents by legal migrants and evasion of such payments by illegal migrants on revenues and expenditures of budgets, accompanied with state budget expenditures to investigate illegal activities (sometimes criminal in nature) with the subsequent deportation of such migrants from the country.Marketing research has shown that contradictions arising at the micro and macro levels are revealed, which explains the effect of the “migration trap”; the low efficiency of using foreign labor in the Russian economy has been proved, as evidenced by the insignificant share of GDP produced by migrants and significant leaks of a part of GDP from the country’s economy through the transfer of funds to donor countries; an imbalance between the needs of the national economy for additional labor by industries and the actual use of foreign labor entering the Russian market is shown; weak influence of the state on the national labor market and the lack of systemic regulation of the quality of training and the scope of migrant labor are revealed.
Analysis of Average Temperatures And Trends In Brazil: Applying CUSUM Graphic from 2000 to 2014
Authors: Merelles Leonardo Rodrigues de Oliveira , Dias Viviane de Souza , Menezes José Elmo de , Luz Marta Pereira da , Machado Ricardo Luiz , Mendonça-Filho Marajá João Alves de
Published: February 2019

In recent decades the temperature trends are being confirmed earlier. To determine the temperature changes in Brazil, analysis of annual trends and seasons was carried out based on daily data from 187 weather stations, covering the period from 2000 to 2014. Trends were confirmed using the Cumulative Sum Chart, a method that notices the changes in series faster than others. The modeling of temperature was obtained by Multiple Regression and using Cluster Analysis, and through this it was possible to group weather stations. The observed trends confirmed oscillations in cooling, heating and, in some cases, cooling followed by heating. These main trends presented during the study period were from -15 to 0 in latitude. The region with the highest confirmation of inversions in temperature was the North, then Northeast. Heights below 500 meters presented higher trends. Regarding the seasons, autumn contributed significantly to the trends.