bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of vitamin E on oxidative stress and sperm apoptosis in diabetic Mice
Authors: Khorramabadi Khadijeh Mirzaei , Talebi Ali Reza , Sarcheshmeh Abolghasem Abbasi , Mirjalili Aghdas
Published: March 2019

Background: Generation of free radicals and oxidative stress are a major contributor to diabetes. These factors lead to the development of diabetic testicles disorders.
Objective: In this study, the protective effect of vitamin E on functional disorders associated with diabetes induced oxidative stress in male reproductive systems has been investigated.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-three adult male Mice were divided into control, diabetic, and untreated diabetic groups. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes. In the treated group, vitamin E was given to the Mice intraperitoneally for 30 days. Then, animals were anesthetized and sacrificed. Animal testicles were isolated and homogenized in phosphate buffer and used for measuring sperm count, motility and survival of sperm, MDA concentration and antioxidant capacity (TAC). Apoptosis was also performed with the TUNEL test.
Results: The results of reduction (12.03±98.11) TAC, MDA concentration (–28.5±2.58), sperm motility (unstable sperma= 86.4±7.48), sperm count (171.51), Sperm morphology (natural morphology= 49.69±31.93) and abnormal morphology (9.77±49.7) with increased oxidative damage. These changes were statistically significant in comparison with the control group for all variables other than MDA (p= 0.05). Treatment of vitamin E diabetic Mice improved the ability of antioxidants to prevent oxidative damage in the testicles, restore the sperm movement, and increase the number of normal sperm as well as TAC. The level of apoptosis in the treated group has decreased compared to the untreated group.
Conclusion: Vitamin E protects the reproductive system against diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it was concluded that vitamin E may be a suitable agent for protecting the sperm and testicular parameters against undesirable effects of diabetes.
Key words: Case-control study, Vitamin E, Diabetes treatment, Diabetic Syrian mice, Male reproductive dysfunction.
Evaluation of the metformin effects on Anti-Müllerian Hormone in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: S Jam Ashkezari , Namiranian Nasim , Gholami Somaye , Elahi Maryam , Rahmanian Masoud
Published: March 2019

This is a Letter to the Editor and does not have an abstract.
Frequency of physical therapy in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: MURAT Sadiye , YUMUŞAKHUYLU Yasemin , GENÇOĞLU Zeliha , İÇAĞASIOĞLU Afitap , KESİKTAŞ Nur , Altınbilek Turgay
Published: March 2019

Objectives:
This
study is conducted to compare the three different frequency of the physical
therapy application for knee osteoarthritis in female patients. Methods: Consecutive
89 female patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomized into three groups
of physical therapy as twice-daily, once-a-day and alternate day, by
computerized random number generator. We used Visual Analog Scale (VAS); to
determine pain level, Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC); to
determine osteoarthritis (OA) severity, 10-meter walking test (WD); to
determine walking speed and Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire; to determine the
quality of life. All groups received a total of 10 physical therapy sessions
including hot pack, therapeutic ultrasound (US) and transcutaneous electrical
nerve stimulation (TENS). We evaluated subjects at the beginning, at the end of
treatment and at the third month control at post-treatment period. Results: Improvement
was observed in all groups after treatment (p
< 0.05). While there was no significant difference in once-a-day treatment
group at 3rd month control (p
> 0.05), alternate day group showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: In
the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, usually once-a-day physical therapy
approach is preferred in daily practice. Alternatively twice a day or alternate
day therapies can be applicable.
Rectus femoris tendinopathy: a case report
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Filiz , KIZILAY Fatma , TOY Şeyma , ALTAY Zühal
Published: March 2019

Tendinopathy
may not be noticed in the differential diagnosis due to the complaint of pain
spreading to the leg in the presence of nerve radiculopathy in the lumbar
discopathy which is seen more frequently in the clinic shows similarity to the
leg pain of musculus rectus femoris tendinopathy which is rarely seen. This
situation leads to time, labor force and economic loss for both the patient and
the health professionals. The case referred to the hospital with severe lower
extremity pain and the complaint of incapability to walk. Despite the absence
of findings in the imaging reports supporting a discopathy; conventional
physiotherapy, intramuscular injection, and nerve blockage treatments were administered
for the discopathy due to the clinical presentation. However, the complaints of
the patient did not recover. The patient who had pain with a maneuver during
exercise training was evaluated regarding tendinopathy and m.rectus femoris
tendinitis was diagnosed with ultrasonography. The pain, quality of life and
lower extremity functions of the patient were evaluated before and after
treatment. The isolated deep transverse friction massage was applied on the
tendon for the treatment. A positive change in pain, quality of life and lower
extremity function scores was obtained after the five sessions of treatment.
我国第三方支付现状分析——以支付宝为例
Authors: 杰 任 , 正德 鲍 , 晨曦 李
Published: March 2019

近年来，随着中国经济的不断发展，这包括我们电子商务产业的不断发展，它已成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。而第三方支付作为我们电子商务交易中的支付工具，保证我们在电子商务交易过程中的资金交易的安全，并且现在也在我们生活中广泛的应用，我们的生活也得到了很大的方便。目前，第三方支付已经发展成为我们每个人的生活，为我们的生活提供了极大的便利
加强新时期高校思想政治工作队伍建设研究
Authors: 红灵 孙
Published: March 2019

加强和改进思想政治工作队伍建设是做好新时期高校思想政治工作的重点领域和关键环节，更是全面贯彻党的教育方针、坚持社会主义办学方向、践行大学职能的重要保证。本文从高校思政工作者的视角出发，思考新时期高校思想政治工作队伍建设中存在的问题及工作瓶颈，探寻加强和改进新时期高校思想政治工作队伍建设的有效途径，为切实增强高校思想政治工作队伍的整体素质，实现对高校思政工作队伍的建设与培养提供支撑和服务，更好地助推新时期高校思想政治工作贯穿于教育教学全过程。
旧桥拆除施工技术探讨
Authors: 立群 高
Published: March 2019

首先对旧桥拆除方法进行分析，结合锡通高速南通西互通与长江路高架衔接工程B标老捕渔港桥和新捕渔港桥拆除工程实际情况，确定旧桥拆除方法，并对旧桥拆除施工方案和拆除步骤进行了分析与研究。
Rasāyana and Rasaśāstra in the Persian Medical Culture of South Asia
Authors: Speziale Fabrizio
Published: March 2019

In this article, I suggest that looking at the entangled issues of the creation of a new field of knowledge and the interaction with Others’ learning allows for a more accurate understanding of how Persian medical studies have developed and adapted to different natural and cultural settings during late medieval and early modern periods. This article studies the translation and reception of materials drawn from alchemy (rasaśāstra) and rejuvenating therapy (rasāyana) in the Persianate medical culture of South Asia. Chapters dealing with processed mercury and metals become a standard subject of Persian medical works written by Muslim and Hindu physicians in South Asia. Many of these works are in fact composite writings which combine Ayurvedic and Greco-Arabic materials. However, rasāyana is a branch of knowledge for which there is not a precise equivalent domain in the target culture. How does translation deal and negotiate with this asymmetry? In this study, I assume that cross-cultural translation implies a cognitive shift in the way different groups of readers may understand and classify a certain form of knowledge. I look at the Persian translation of materials drawn from rasāyana chiefly from the reader perspective which focuses on the hermeneutical and accommodation process through which translated materials are integrated into the target culture.
QUALITY OF LIFE IN FLIGHT PERSONNEL OF CIVIL AVIATION AIRCRAFT AFFECTED BY INDUSTRIAL NOISE: HYGIENIC, CLINICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Dyakovich Marina P. , Pankov V. A. , Kazakova P. V. , Kuleshova M. V. , Tikhonova I. V.
Published: March 2019

Hygienic studies have shown in the cockpit of aircraft and helicopters of crew equivalent levels of sound and vibration in most cases to exceed the maximum permissible levels. There was an exhaustion of the labor process of flight crew members (FCM) due to the high intellectual, sensory, emotional loads caused by the elevated responsibility for safety. The assessment of working conditions of the flight crew can be attributed to their class 3.1-3.4 (harmful working conditions). The clinical and audiological picture showed hearing loss in all subjects to be chronic, bilateral, sensorineural type, slowly progressive, without general somatic pathology, which could lead to hearing loss. The excess of the total physical component of the health-related quality of life (HRQL) over the total psychological component was identified in FCM. The values of the mental health and life activity scores of HRQL were found to be lower than in the comparison group. Evaluation of the psychoemotional status of FCM revealed the adaptive type of attitude to the disease, the lack of social frustration and personality traits predisposing to the development of neurosis and reflecting neurotic changes. The further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify identified socio-psychological characteristics of patients and to develop effective measures of psychosocial and medical rehabilitation that improve the HRQL of the FCM affected by the impact of industrial noise.
HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS TO CONDITIONS OF THE APPLICATION OF TECHNICAL MEANS OF BLOCKING RADIO SIGNALS
Authors: Pokhodzey Larisa V. , Paltsev Yu. P.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Now radio lines of the management of explosions find more and more broad application for the execution of acts of terrorism. The special technical means which are powerful sources of EMP in the range of frequencies of 0.02 - 6.00 GHz by which workers in the course of their production and operation and also the population which has appeared in a radiation zone can be affected, are developed for the suppression of radio-frequency signals of control of explosive devices. Aim of the study. Scientific justification and development of hygienic requirements for the safe use of systems of suppression of radio lines of control of explosive devices (SS RCED). Material and methods. The calculation methods for determining the EMF intensities created by different types of SS RCED (1500 calculations) were used, more than 250 measurements were carried out at different distances from 5 types of SS RCED in the open area and in the offices. Results. Hygienic investigations have allowed to point out 5 categories of the irradiated contingents for which hygienic regulations of EMP on the basis of the analysis of the standard and methodical documents acting in the Russian Federation have been proved. Calculations and natural measurements of the EMP levels from various types of SS RCED in rooms and in the open territory are taken. The technique of forecasting of conditions of radiation taking into account their technical characteristics (range of frequencies, power, etc.), the time of the exposure and distances from sources is offered. The algorithm of carrying out a hygienic assessment of conditions of radiation of personnel and population from SS RCED and a complex of preventive actions are developed. Discussion. Protection of workers by production, service, and operation of SS RCED, has to be carried out by restriction of the time of the impact of EMP taking into account power expositions at different distances from a source, and the population - by determination of safe zones of stay taking into account categories of the irradiated contingents. The technical actions including the organization of remote control of SS RCED and application of means collective (shielding) and/or individual protection are offered. Conclusion. The conducted complex research allowed justifying hygienic requirements for the production and operation of SS RCED and developing the project of SanPiN 2.1.8/2.2.4.xxxx-18 «Sanitary rules and standards of safe use of systems of suppression of radio lines of management of explosive devices of the range of frequencies of 0,02-6,00 GHz».
HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF WORKING CONDITIONS IN THE MODERN PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM
Authors: Shayakhmetov Salim F. , Meshchakova N. M. , Lisetskaya L. G. , Merinov A. V. , Zhurba O. M. , Alekseyenko A. N. , Rukavishnikov V. S.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The production of primary aluminum is one of the leading and belonging to the category of an increased health hazard for workers in the economy, which requires close attention to working conditions while modernizing production technology. Material and methods. The research methodology included a comprehensive study of working conditions and assessment of priority occupational risk factors, an in-depth study of the morphology, dispersed and component composition of dust and gas components air-suspended at different technologies of electrolysis of aluminum. Results. The leading production factors of occupational risk, degrees are fluorine-containing compounds, dust and gas-aerosol mixtures in the form of separate and assembled into agglomerates micro- and nanostructured particles of complex chemical composition (fluorine, carbon, aluminum, sodium, oxygen, silicon, iron, sulfur, chromium, nickel, etc.), unfavorable microclimate, electromagnetic field, noise, vibration, physical loads, which are related to the 3rd (harmful) class of 1 to 3 degree. Discussion. Modernization of aluminum production with the introduction of technology of pre-baked anodes allows significantly improve working conditions, reduce the admission of harmful chemical substances into the air of the working area, with the exception of hydrofluoride, the concentration of which exceeds extremely permissible levels in 1.5-3.1 times. Noteworthy is the fact of the detection of aerosols of disintegration and condensation, including particles of nanoscale range, impurities of heavy metals in the air. The consequences of the effect of such complex combination mixtures, their combined effects with other factors on the body, can have pronounced negative effects, which is important with adequate exposure analysis and personalized assessment of the health risks of workers engaged in the production of aluminum. Conclusion. Working conditions at workplaces with the technology of self-baking anodes are characterized by moderate or severe professional risk, with the technology of pre-baked anodes - mild or moderate risk, which makes the urgent problem of further improvement of aluminum production technologies, detailed analysis of personal exposures of harmful substances for a correct assessment of the health risk of workers, is relevant.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF WORKERS EXPOSED TO VARIOUS PRODUCTION FACTORS
Authors: Kurchevenko S. I. , Boklazhenko E. V. , Bodienkova Galina M.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Eastern Siberia is a huge industrial area, which employs about half of the total population living on the territory. The main harmful factors in the production of vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride are vinyl chloride and dichloroethane, in the production of caustic - mercury, in the production of epichlorohydrin - epichlorohydrin and allyl chloride; in the aircraft building industry and the production of heat power engineering - vibration and noise. The aim of the work is to give a comparative evaluation of the indices of the immune response in healthy workers exposed to various chemical and physical factors. Material and methods. Immunological examination of 198 healthy workers, exposed mainly to vapors of metallic mercury, vinyl chloride, epichlorohydrin, local vibration, and noise, was carried out. Results. The peculiarities of IgA production in healthy workers in contact with epichlorohydrin, pairs of metallic mercury and noise are revealed. In persons working only with chemical factors, there was a decrease in IgG concentration in comparison with groups of workers in contact with physical factors. In all the examined groups, unidirectional changes were observed, characterized by a decrease in the IgM content. An increase in the levels of AT to DNA in workers exposed to the metal mercury vapor, vinyl chloride, noise and a decrease in workers exposed to local vibration has been established. In addition, there was a significant increase in the levels of AT to native DNA in individuals in contact with noise and a decrease in individuals in contact with epichlorohydrin and vibration. Attention is drawn to the significant elevation in the level of AT to the S-100 protein in healthy workers under the influence of noise relative to the group of workers with vinyl chloride. Discussion. The obtained results prove early changes in the influence of various production factors to indicate changes in the immune system of healthy workers. Conclusion. Data obtained testify to the adaptative-accommodational responses of the immune system to the impact of industrial hazards and depend on the specificity of the influencing factor. The most pronounced changes in immunoreactivity were found in working in the production of caustic and at the thermal power plant.
THE VIBRATION DISEASE IN WORKERS OF THE AIRCRAFT ENTERPRISE: FACTORS OF THE FORMATION, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES (DYNAMIC FOLLOWING-UP)
Authors: Kuleshova Marina V. , Pankov V. A. , Dyakovich M. P. , Rukavishnikov V. S. , Slivnitsyna N. V. , Kazakova P. V. , Bochkin G. V.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The vibration disease takes one of the leading places in the structure of the occupational morbidity in the Irkutsk region, its specific weight accounted of 21.1-35.9% of all newly revealed cases of occupational diseases in different years. The purpose of the study is to investigate the socio-psychological features and manifestations of the vibration disease clinical syndromes in local vibration-exposed employees in the dynamic of observation. Material and methods. The assessment of working conditions of employees in the aircraft enterprise, a coherent dynamic clinical and sociopsychological examination in employees with the occupational disease which continuing their work was carried out. Results. Working conditions have not been changed; the levels of the occupational and labor process factors have remained the same in the dynamic. Clinical manifestations of vibration disease and neurosensory hearing loss, which is the second (accompanying) occupational disease, were shown to be aggravated in patients continuing to work in contact with local vibration. A significant prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the circulatory system has been revealed. High levels of the personal and situational anxiety, hypochondriacal traits, instability of emotional state, the rigid stereotype of behavior-oriented to caring about physical well-being are registered in patients. A reduction of health-related quality of life scores characterizing the role of physical and emotional functioning has been established, that indicates the limitations in the performance of daily work due to the deterioration of the emotional state. Discussion. The significant prevalence of diseases of the musculoskeletal and circulatory systems in vibration disease patients is associated with both the irritating effect of the actual vibration and the severity of the work process and significant physical overloads. The study results of the psycho-emotional status, the health-related quality of life in vibration disease patients allow assuming a significant effect of the pain syndrome on the emotional state, decrease of the health-related quality of life, which is consistent with the other authors’ studies. Conclusion. The study results show that it is necessary to remove workers from contact with vibration if the initial manifestations of vibration disease appear. Also, it is necessary to revise approaches to the secondary prevention of vibration disease, which should be aimed at preserving residual work capacity and medical and psychological adaptation of patients.
PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF DISSOMNIC DISORDERS IN PATIENTS IN THE REMOTE PERIOD AFTER CHRONIC MERCURY INTOXICATION
Authors: Shevchenko Oksana I. , Katamanova E. B. , Korchuganova E. H. , Lakhman O. L.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Need of carrying out a research is defined by insufficient study of retsiprokny relationship of psychological features with the course of insomnichesky frustration taking into account psychopathological symptomatology and features of displays of neurointoxication for the purpose of prevention of sleep disorders at patients with the chronic mercury intoxication (CMI). A research objective was identification of psychological features of formation of dissomnichesky frustration at patients in the remote post-contact period of HRI. Material and methods. Kliniko-diagnostic, polisomnografichesky and experimental and psychological examinations to 40 patients from HRI and to 15 healthy men of group of comparison which didn't have in professional activity of contact with harmful substances are conducted. Results. The Polisomnografichesky research of patients with HRI has revealed rough changes of indicators of structure of a night dream in comparison with control group in the form of reduction of duration of a dream, increase in the latent period of the first stage of a dream, the general time of wakefulness in a dream from time of its duration, total of activation shifts. Essential changes of structure of a dream were noted in his first cycle - in the form of reduction of duration. Reduction of duration of a cycle, time of the second stage, reduction representation of a delta dream is noted. The indicators characterizing the mnestiko-attentsionny sphere and an emotional condition of patients considerably differed from standard levels that demonstrated personal disintegration, formation of mental defect of asthenic, disturbing and hypochondriac, sensitive types with prevalence of affects of disturbing and depressive and explosive character. Discussion. The established correlation connection demonstrates negative impact of time of duration of a dream on levels of uneasiness, a depression, morbid depression, social disadaptation, intelligence quotient, indicators of short-term, figurative memory, concentration of attention Increase in duration of a somnolence promotes aggravation of paranoyalny manifestations and decrease in concentration of attention and is regarded as sign of strengthening of activity of stem structures. Conclusion. It is established that at professional neurointoxications permanent changes of polisomnografichesky activity in the form of insomnichesky violations of the mixed character are a consequence of chronic influence of vapors of metal mercury and also the reason of psychopathological violations.
THE STATE OF THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL CONDUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF WORKERS PRODUCING POLYVINYLCHLORIDE IN DEPENDENCE ON THE TOXIC DOSE LOAD
Authors: Rusanova Dina V. , Zhurba O. M. , Alekseyenko A. N. , Meshchyakova N. M. , Lakhman O. L. , Katamanova E. V. , Eshchina I. M.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Hygienic studies in the production of polyvinyl chloride showed vinyl chloride to be the main adverse factor affecting workers. Many years of clinical investigations of employees of “East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research” proved the formation of the initial manifestations of chronic intoxication with vinyl chloride with the damage to the nervous system in a few years from the beginning of production in contact with the toxicant, the marked dependence of the risk of violations of workers health from exposure value toxic load (EVTL). Currently, the study of changes in neurological indices depending on the level of the toxic exposure load is very relevant. Based on the mentioned above, the aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the state of the central and peripheral conductive structures in the intermediate workers of the production of vinyl chloride taking into account the toxic exposure of the load. Material and methods. A group of stair workers contacting with vinyl chloride was examined. There were observed 42 males of the mean age of 49.2±4.4 years, the average duration of the exposure to vinyl chloride was 18.1±5.6 years. Examined cases were distributed into two groups: 1 group included 31 workers with a moderate extent of EVTL, 2 group consisted of 11 persons with extremely high EVTL. The control group included 30 male employees, matched for the age without exposure to occupational harmful impacts. The concentration of vinyl chloride was determined in the blood samples of the observed patients, somatosensory evoked potentials were registered and stimulation electroneuromyography was performed according to the conventional method. Results. The study showed changes in individuals with a higher EVTL value. Changes in the functional state of neurons in the brain stem were revealed. At the periphery level, there were more noted more pronounced alterations in the functional state of the motor and the sensory axons of the cubital and tibial nerve. The established relationship between the EVTL value in exposed workers, and the pronouncement of the studied indices characterizing the state of the central the periphery, conductive structures, allows speaking about the dependence of the lattters on conditions existing in the production of polyvinyl chloride
FORMATION OF RISKS FOR A HEALTH DISASTER IN WORKERS, EXPOSED TO MERCURY
Authors: Meshchakova Nina M. , Dyakovich M. P. , Shayakhmetov S. F. , Lisetskaya L. G.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Modern technologies make it possible to significantly reduce the mercury content in the air of the working zone at enterprises with mercury electrolysis. Under these conditions, it is of interest to assess the risks of health disorders, taking into account exposure to mercury loads to justify the etiological role of mercury in the formation of health problems in workers. Material and methods. The studies included the evaluation of the mercury content in the air of the working area for a long period, the assessment of the health of workers on the results of medical examinations and quantitative assessment of the risks of the main general pathological syndromes. Exposure loads of mercury were calculated on the basis of the author’s guidelines and normative-methodical documents. Results. In mercury electrolysis shops significant mercury concentrations (up to 8-20 MACs) were recorded in the period from 1987 to 1992 with the exception of mercury from the technological process, its concentrations do not exceed the hygienic standard. However, in these conditions, the workers were found to have high levels of health risks and morbidity, especially from the neuropsychic sphere, as well as statistically significant relationships between morbidity rates and exposure values of mercury loads. Discussion. In our study, with significantly reduced exposure to mercury, workers remain to be at risk of functional neurological disorders, as well as diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders. Despite the contradictory literature data on the development of neuropsychic effects of mercury in time, in our study, the etiological role of mercury in workers’ health is confirmed by the identification of correlations between the indices of health disorders of the nervous and mental sphere and the duration of work in the occupation, as well as the values of exposure loads by the toxicant. Conclusion. The study made it possible to relate the identified changes in the health status of workers with the accumulated exposure to mercury, as well as to recommend the use of indices of the exposure to chemical loads to justify the relationship of morbidity with the occupation.
EVALUATION OF ALIMENTARY RELATED RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH PECULIARITIES OF NUTRITION OF URBAN MEN IN MONGOLIA
Authors: Tarmaeva Inna Yu. , Brown Odontsetseg , Efimova N. V.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. In order to assess the alimentary risks, the accumulation of toxic and conditionally toxic chemical elements in the body, the nutrition of the inhabitants of Erdenet (Mongolia), working at the same ore mining and processing enterprise, was studied. Material and methods. The study involved 160 men aged 30-60 years, the average age was 41.2 ± 1.1 years. Evaluation of nutrition was executed using the questionnaire method on the basis of food diaries for 3 days. The content of chemical elements in water-food rations was calculated from the multi-element analysis of samples of local food products and drinking water, carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Calculation of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk was carried out in accordance with the guidance of P 2.1.10.1920-04. Results. The nutrition structure of the examinees is not well balanced, there is practically no fish and seafood, fresh vegetables and fruits in the diet. The daily diet provides an excessive supply of molybdenum, chromium, copper, sodium, manganese. The total index of non-carcinogenic danger associated with the entry into the body of 26 chemical elements in the composition of the water-food ration exceeds the safe level by 6.98 times, mainly due to phosphorus, copper, iron, zinc. The level of non-carcinogenic toxic and conditionally essential elements does not exceed 1 (0.59 and 0.12, respectively). The main contribution is made by the entry of toxicants with food (96.6%). Drinking water as a source of danger is important only for lead, aluminum, boron, nickel, and vanadium. Individual carcinogenic risk due to the intake of carcinogens with food (2.4 × 10-4), as well as the total carcinogenic risk associated with oral route of admission (2.6 × 10-4) is estimated as unacceptable for the general population. At the same time, chromium (95.8%) makes the main contribution to the level of total oral risk. Conclusion. Possible sources of excess intake of these elements in the diet were discussed. There have been proposed measures to rationalize nutrition, which will ensure the prevention of major non-communicable diseases.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AND RURAL SCHOOLCHILDREN OF THE IRKUTSK REGION
Authors: Mylnikova Inna V. , Efimova N. V. , Tkachuk E. A.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Physical development is one of the informative indices characterizing the health of the child population and reflecting the adverse effects of various environmental factors. Aim. To carry out a comparative assessment of physical development indices both in urban and rural schoolchildren in the Irkutsk region. Material and methods. The total body dimensions were studied. Results. Urban schoolchildren differ from rural peers in large body length indices (p = 0.000) and smaller values of the circumference of the chest (p = 0.002). The body weight of urban and rural boys had similar values, except for the age groups 9 (p=0,000), 12 (p=0,000) and 16 years (p=0,005). Rural schoolgirls outpaced urban peers by their body weight (р=0,016). Some differences from general patterns characteristic for the given period of ontogenesis are revealed: in rural schoolchildren, three crosses of growth curves are established. Correlation ratio of body length indices with other total sizes showed schoolchildren to have signs of desynchronization of physical development processes in different age periods. Discussion. The materials of the study indicate the processes of formation of total body size of rural and urban schoolchildren to differ. An assessment of the correlation ratios of body length parameters with other total sizes showed schoolchildren in different age periods to show signs of desynchronization of physical development processes.
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF AN INDUSTRIAL CITY ON THE FORMATION OF A DERMATOLOGICAL MORBIDITY OF CHILDREN
Authors: Yatsyna I. V. , Kryuchkova Elena N. , Zhadan I. Yu.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. High anthropogenic load in the industrialized regions poses a threat to the health of children. Atopic dermatitis (AD) takes one of the leading places in the overall structure of allergic diseases. The purpose of the study was to substantiate preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of atopic dermatitis among children living in the territory of the industrially developed region and to evaluate their effectiveness. Material and methods. the analysis of the state of the environment and the incidence of allergodermatosis in children residing in the Mytishchi district of the Moscow region. Two groups of patients aged from 14 to 17 years (70) were selected to develop measures for the prevention of atopic dermatitis. The first group received intravenous laser irradiation of blood (ILRB) and traditional therapy, the second - only traditional treatment. Laboratory studies included indices of immune and antioxidant status. Results. The unfavorable trend in the prevalence of allergic skin diseases in children is presented: allergic dermatoses make up 44.5% (AD - 36.8%, eczema - 7.7%). The increase in severe and moderate forms of AD by 7% and 15% was noted. In this region statistically significant correlations between indices of the air pollution, drinking water, technogenic loading and level of the morbidity rate of skin, including (AD)(r=0,73-0,84) are revealed. Application of the ILRB in children with atopic dermatitis had a positive impact on the state of cellular immunity: the number of CD3+and CD8+ lymphocytes increased by 1.2-1.4 times, the level of IL-10 and IL-4 decreased by 1.5 times; humoral immunity (the number of patients with a positive effect on indices of IgA, IgM, IgE, CIC, was more than 80%); antioxidant status (MDA decreased by 1.3 times, the activity of serum catalase increased by 1.2 times). In general, there was an improvement in the clinical course of the skin damage process, an increase in terms of remission. During the six-month following-up of patients included in the study, in the ILRB group, only 20% had an exacerbation of the disease compared to 68% of the group receiving traditional treatment.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEAD INTOXICATION OF MALE ALBINO RATS ON THE FUNCTIONING OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THEIR OFFSPRING
Authors: Sosedova Larisa M. , Kapustina E. A. , Vokina V. A.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. Lead is one of the priority factors of the environment, highly hazardous to human health and causing the greatest concern due to the accumulation in the environment. The paper presents the results of the studying the influence of lead on genotoxicity and motor activity of posterity of white rats obtained from males exposed to lead acetate. The aim of the study was to explore the effects of lead acetate action on the behavior of the offspring of the first two generations of male albino rats and to reveal the genotoxic effect. Material and methods. Male albino rats received daily lead acetate with drinking water for 7 weeks (60 mg/kg). Obtained after mating with intact females first generation offspring (males) were tested in an “open field” and the presence of DNA comets in the sex cells of the testes and nervous tissue was determined. Then the males were exposed to lead acetate in the same dose and after mating with intact females, the male offspring of the second generation was tested according to a similar scheme. In all animals receiving a lead, its content in blood and testes was determined. Results. The results of the conducted research showed that under the influence of lead acetate on male rats, the transgenerational effect was manifested in animals of the first two generations in the form of changes in the structure of behavior having a different orientation - a decrease in motor and research activity in the first generation and an increase in the second generation. The DNA comet study revealed no DNA damage in sperm cells in animals exposed to lead neither in their offspring. Along with this, the results of the study of the degree of DNA damage in animal brain cells showed a significant increase in DNA damage in the first generation after the exposure to lead. Discussion. The effect of lead acetate on adult male albino rats leads to the formation of disturbances in motor and research component of behavior and also causes an increase in DNA damage in brain cells in first and second generations.
SCIENTIFIC, ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAMS TO COUNTER THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGES ON THE POPULATION HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Rakhmanin Yu. A. , Bobrovnitskiii I. P. , Yakovlev Maksim Yu.
Published: March 2019

Introduction. The article presents scientific and organizational-methodical approaches to the formation and implementation of programs to counter the adverse effects of global climate change on the population health of Russia. According to the results of the study of the relationship between the number of exacerbations of chronic diseases of the circulatory system and the observed meteorological and geomagnetic parameters, the need to develop methods for the determination of the physiological mechanisms of meteorological factors, as well as assessing the individual risks of their influence followed by the use of corrective programs, is shown. Material and Methods. There are presented results of the survey of 168 patients with circulatory system diseases receiving sanatorium-resort treatment. Results. The data obtained showed in most cases (76.8%, 129 people), weather dependence to be manifested in the form of a general deterioration in the well-being of patients. During the physiological examination, the most frequent signs of meteosensitivity were: increased blood pressure - 67.8% (114 people), headache - 41.6% (70 people), sleep disturbance - 47% (79 people), joint pain and muscles - 43.4% (73 people). Discussion. The obtained data allowed us to confirm the prospect of creating a mathematical model for the development of increased meteosensitivity in response to the impact of adverse meteorological factors with the subsequent formation of recommendations for its use in personalized programs of sanatorium-resort treatment of meteo-dependent diseases. Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the need to develop a concept for the development of the scientific direction “environmental medicine”.
DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH AND WAYS TO IMPROVE LEGISLATION ON THE MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL WASTES
Authors: Rusakov Nikolay V.
Published: March 2019

The problems of medical wastes management demand the attention, as medical wastes are dangerous in epidemiological terms since they may contain pathogenic microorganisms and helminth eggs, as well as their wastes, may be contaminated with toxic chemical and radioactive substances. The state of legal regulation in the field of medical wastes management cannot be considered to be satisfactory, as it is characterized by significant legal gaps and therefore objectively needs to be improved at the legislative, subordinate and normative-technical levels. The best way to improve the legislative regulation of medical wastes management is to develop and adopt a separate Federal law “On medical wastes”.
STANDARDIZATION OF TRAINING OF PROFESSIONALS OF HYGIENIC PROFILE: PROBLEMS AND WAYS OF SOLUTION
Authors: Kuchma Vladislav R.
Published: March 2019

The professional standard is the basis of education and training. It should meet modern requirements to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the country’s population, the labor market. The current professional standard does not fully take into account the various types of economic activity in which young professionals of the medical and preventive profile will work. The main task of a specialist in the medical and prophylactic profile is to carry out activities aimed ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population (informing the control subject concerning mandatory sanitary and epidemiological requirements, implementation, assessing the effectiveness and effectiveness of their implementation, implementing production control, expert control, sanitary-epidemiological audit). The main employers for these young professionals are organizations of the sanitary and epidemiological services; hospitals, sanatorium, spa and resort organizations; organization of disinfection and deratization, organizations of industrial equipment, testing and analysis of the composition and purity of materials and substances; testing and analysis in the field of food hygiene; testing and analysis of physical and mechanical properties of materials and substances; examination of design documentation and engineering survey results; monitoring of environmental pollution. The professional standard of the young professionals in the hygiene profile has a particular set of qualities, skills, and behaviors that ensure the success of the career. There is a set of standards for education and training of professionals in the hygiene profile. There are sanitary and epidemiological diagnostic - activities to establish compliance (inconsistency) with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of public health. Also, there is the support of the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population, technical regulation, labor protection, various activities concerning and preventive measures; organization of monitoring and sanitary-epidemiological assessment of the risk of environmental factors affecting health. The education and training of students of medical-prophylactic faculties should be carried out taking into account modern approaches to the professional standard for the specialist of the hygienic profile and the educational standard developed on the basis of it.
LIGHTING ENVIRONMENT IN EDUCATIONAL AND MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS: THE PROBLEM OF THE OPTIMAL CHOICE
Authors: Kaptsov Valery A. , Deynego V. N. , Ulasyuk V. N.
Published: March 2019

For the public health, it is essential to determine in what light environment people will develop, live and work in the near future. The present and future of the light environment determine trends in the development of lighting sources. It is important to make a hygienic assessment of the spectra of modern light sources to match the spectrum of the safe sunlight. Trends in the development of led lighting until 2020 and methods of experimental and computer (numerical) modeling of the spectrum of sunlight based on LEDs of various types and their analytical models are considered. The proposed models are shown to allow synthesizing the spectra of led lamps close to sunlight, but they do not meet the requirements of biological adequacy for the human visual analyzer in spectrum width, continuity, uniformity and a set of wavelengths of photon streams that ensure the effective functioning of the human visual analyzer and its hormonal system. The limitations must be taken into account in the development of led lamps by the criterion of root mean square approximation to the spectrum of sunlight and technical implementation to protect the light sensitivity of ganglion cells.
PERSPECTIVES OF ORGANIZATIONAL-LEGAL AND METHODOLOGICAL MEASURES IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: Zholdakova Zoya I. , Yudin S. M. , Sinitsyna O. O. , Budarina O. V. , Dodina N. S.
Published: March 2019

Environmental quality management requires the compliance with a number of conditions, such as the use of criteria for the reliable assessment of the health effects of harmful environmental factors (eg., hygienic standards, risk indices) and the optimization of factors of the laboratory control, including chemicals. The A.N. Sysin Research Institute of Human Ecology and Environmental Health (now part of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Centre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks”) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has corrected domestic hygienic standards of chemicals in the water of water bodies in accordance with international recommendations, and standards of substances in ambient air - according to time characteristics and MPC values. Unified standards in water for substances belonging to the same structural class and not differing in the mechanism of action are justified, hygienic standards for a mixture of substances in atmospheric air have been established according to the criterion “obsession of the smell”. The developing methods of predicting the toxicity of substances make it possible to improve the planning of experiments in selecting doses and indices of the state of the organism. On more than 50 territories of the Russian Federation, a health risk assessment under the influence of chemical environmental factors was implemented. At the same time, an adequate assessment and control of environmental pollution are hindered by a number of circumstances, first of all, the lack of an optimal monitoring system and imperfection of its organization. Studies have shown the number of control indices from a few units to several tens, while hundreds of components that are not provided with regulations are identified. This is due to the lack of modern equipment and analytical methods. The solution to the problem lies in the systematic application of the methodology for selecting priority indices for monitoring. At the same time, an attempt to replace the assessment of the hazard of substances’ harmful effects on the body using generalized indices, for example, a unified “interagency index”, is untenable. The developed recommendations are aimed at improving the organization and methodology of environmental quality management.
ECOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC PROBLEMS OF THE APPLICATION OF ANTI-ICING AGENTS IN A LARGE METROPOLIS (FOR EXAMPLE, THE TERRITORY OF MOSCOW)
Authors: Malysheva Alla G. , Shelepova O. V. , Vodyanova M. A. , Donerian L. G. , Ushakova O. V. , Yudin S. M.
Published: March 2019

Anti-icing reagents (AIR) are one of the main soil pollutions of large cities of countries with the cold climate. The salinization adversely affects the environment and urban health. The data on the content of readily soluble salts, the response of the medium, and a number of other indices of soils of Moscow’s different functional areas are presented. Stocks of ion-pollutants in the root zone soil layers have been identified. The expansion of anomalies of salt reserves and enhancement of the salt process within individual functional areas was noted. The maximum pollution was observed in the soils of the transport zone (dissolved solids reached 0.19%), which corresponds to the average degree of salinity. According to the prevailing ionic composition, most of the soils was foundd to belong to the sodium chloride class. Revealed growth of fine silt fraction (fine dust) during soil salinization was detected.