bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect on pricing strategies in the process of strategic decision making in view of cost of produced goods
Authors: Faisal Syed Mohammad , Khan Ahmad Khalid
Published: October 2021

This research examined the effect of the cost of produced goods on pricing strategies in the process of strategic decision. Also examined in this research is the extended effect of pricing strategies on consumers purchase decision making. The research aimed to answer questions on the extent to which cost of produced goods affects pricing strategies of products, how decision makers realize the value-based pricing strategy of corporations and the extent to which pricing policy help consumers to make purchase decisions. This research being historical and descriptive depended basically on secondary sources of information. The research used a historical and descriptive method and depended basically and simply on secondary devices as sources of data. Results from the data acquired reference that customers have an understanding of fair value reflected in prices of the firm's products. The researcher will use both analytical and descriptive methods which appropriate the context of the current research which is generally based on the theoretical underpinnings and fieldwork. The outcomes indicate that the cost of produced products used in organizations provides quality information; there is an effect of this information on the pricing decision-making; there are parts in which pricing strategy much relied on the information provided by the cost systems.
Contributions of interpersonal conflict management on performance of government hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Ani Kelechi Johnmary , Onu Chigozie , Anikelechi Ijeoma Genevieve
Published: October 2021

This study investigated the place of interpersonal conflict management on performance of government hospitals in Nigeria and specifically. The purpose is to ascertain how collaborative approach of interpersonal conflict management affect mortality rates reduction in government hospitals and investigate if avoidance technique in conflict management improves the working relationships in the government hospital within Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design and was conducted in National Hospital Abuja, and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria. The study population is 1629, which includes all health professionals employed in selected public- owned teaching hospitals. A sample size of 312 was drawn from the population. The study used descriptive statistics (frequency, charts, tables and simple percentage) to calculate, analyse, show or summarize responses to the research questions. The hypotheses were tested using ordinal logistic regression. Findings showed that collaborative approach has significantly contributed in reducing mortality rates in government hospitals in Nigeria, and avoidance as a means of interpersonal conflict management helped improve the working relations of selected government hospital staff in Nigeria. The study recommended that they should be improved communication, and collaboration between management, clerks, nurses, doctors and workers representatives in running the affairs of the hospitals. Again, conflicting tendencies should always be avoided by workers for more efficient, peaceful, coordinated and minimal conflicts in working environment within the healthcare industry.
Economic growth or development: the validity of the theories of celso furtado and eclac on the Brazilian reality
Authors: Castañeda-Ayarza Juan Arturo , Spilleir Davi de Pinho , Guimarães Douglas Silva , Da Silva Dario Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

Discussion between economic growth and development has permeated economic-sociological studies for a long time. It has been used successively to explain the observed phenomena imposed, such as inequality and income concentration, dependence, and even the power of the investment multiplier effect when driven by the State. From socio-economic activity and social inequalities, this paper aims to discuss the connections between Celso Furtado and ECLAC theories, upon the thoughts of Raul Prebisch and Raul Pinto, and the existing reality in Ribeirão Branco, one of the poorest cities in Sao Paulo State in Brazil. Data collection was done through documental research and the application of targeted interviews. The results explain how essential state investments promote social welfare and how periphery-center relations heavily affect municipalities of minor economic relevance.
Comparative analysis of the todim method adherence to prospect theory
Authors: Leoneti Alexandre , Gomes Luiz Flávio Autran Monteiro
Published: October 2021

Prospect Theory provides a broad and solid frame of reference for modeling the decision making of rational agents. In the early 1990s, the structure of Prospect Theory was used to propose a method to aid a multicriteria decision based on the process of paired comparison. The research reported in this article has empirically assessed the adherence of the mathematical model of the original TODIM method, together with its variations available in the literature, to Prospect Theory and compared them with a multicriteria method that does not use that theory. From a comparative analysis, it was realized that the different variations of the TODIM method regarding the incorporation of Prospect Theory’s rationality within the context of Multicriteria Decision Aid still do not bring the benefits of an already consolidated theory to the context of decision-making aid. Thus, it is suggested that further studies be conducted to improve the adherence of Prospect Theory within the structure of the TODIM method, so that the benefits of a consolidated theory of decision lead to better results, notably from the perspective of using the method for the purposes of forecast.
Analysis of transport path and source distribution of winter air pollution in Shenyang
Authors: Ma Yunfeng , Liu Qiyao , Bian Yushan , Feng Lei , Zhao Di , Wang Shuai , Zhao Huijie , Gao Kunyu , Xu Zhengqing
Published: October 2021

Air pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems faced by mankind. It is regional and highly complex, and it is more prominent in China. With the development of air quality management in China, the research on cross-regional transmission of air pollutants is particularly important. This paper reports on pollution characteristics, transport path, and distribution of pollution sources of major contaminants in Shenyang. For this purpose, pollution-monitoring data were gathered from November 2017 to March 2018. Data were analyzed using the HYSPLIT back trajectory model, the potential source contribution function (PSCF), and the concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) model. Results indicated that PM2.5 was the main pollutant in Shenyang during the study period. Air pollution was mainly affected by coal combustion, traffic emissions, and long-distance transmission. Among the 11 monitoring points, the pollution of Shenliaoxilu was relatively serious. Mongolia, eastern Inner Mongolia, northwestern Jilin, and most of Liaoning were the main potential sources of PM2.5 in Shenyang during the winter.
„Új kihívások, gyors megoldások”
Authors: Keszthelyi Boglárka Enikő
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic broke out in Hungary in March 2020 and posed numerous new challenges for social care workers. The daily work activities of social professionals have changed and they had to apply new methods to protect their own and the client’s health. Several guides have been published for professionals and institutions working in social and childcare, which have provided guidelines for the changed daily work. Changes and challenges have taken place not only in their work activities but also in their family lives. Social professionals often had to perform their daily tasks, also take care of their family members under mental and physical encumbrance.
Adalékok a kistelepülési helyi közösség fogalmának értelmezéséhez
Authors: Ragadics Tamás
Published: October 2021

Local community as a “paradise lost” is an essential term which is often used in scientific debates, documents and strategies of regional and local development. This phrase has a complex and heterogeneous content that undermines professional communication. The aim of this paper is a short summary of various community interpretations from the viewpoints of minor settlements. Analysing this dynamic term by reviewing sociological resources could facilitate a better understanding of structure and functions of local communities.
Transnational Labour Solidarity as Transformative Practice: Reframing the Role of Labour Transnationalism
Authors: Nastovski Katherine
Published: October 2021

In the 1980s and 1990s, a significant number of rank-and-file trade union activists in Canada became actively engaged in various forms of international labour solidarity. This activity, the end of the Cold War and the increasing impacts of neo-liberal globalisation combined to spark hopes for greatly expanding practices of labour transnationalism. This vision of transnationalising trade union organisation has not materialised and, in fact, inside Canadian unions there has been declining faith in the possibilities of building transnational solidarity. Starting with an analysis of the dominant dichotomies underlying the literature on labour transnationalism, I suggest that stepping outside these dichotomies can provide a different way of assessing the role of transnational labour solidarity within broader struggles for workers’ justice. In this article, drawing upon the case of transnational political solidarities built by workers inside Canadian unions in the 1980s and 1990s, I argue that assessing transnational practices with a longer view to class formation and the goals of workers’ emancipation can help to expand conceptions of what constitutes successful transnational practice. Such a reassessment of the role of labour transnationalism is particularly timely in the current context of right-wing populism.
Classes of Labour in India: A Review Essay
Authors: Breman Jan
Published: October 2021

From the very beginning of my writing on the regime of informality I have rejected the notion of a dichotomy between formal and informal labour relations. The fracturing solidifies a differentiated absorption in the labour process – own-account workers versus waged labourers, regular against casual employment, replacement of sedentary engagement in paid work by footloose mobility – and all of this culminating in divergent patterns of livelihood and lifestyles. It is along these lines that I have split up “informality” class-wise, following up on the contention that rather than juxtaposing the working class as an amalgamated lot, there are indeed diverse classes of labour with distinct identities. The way in which differentiation has come about cannot only be comprehended in terms of social class-based alignments but also finds expression in an axis of steep inequality. It is a ranked order taking the shape of a class–caste nexus and makes clear how corresponding trajectories of accumulation and dispossession operate in tandem. The backdrop to this essay is the process of informalisation pushed by the stakeholders of globalised capitalism from the early 1970s onwards. The shift away from the regime of formality which used to be enjoyed by a minor segment of India’s mega-workforce has in many instances ended their privileged employment, legal protection and social security, tearing up the domains in which labour moves around.
Precarising Formality: Understanding Current Labour Developments in Chile
Authors: Durán Gonzalo , Narbona Karina
Published: October 2021

More than forty years ago, the Chilean economy led the way in a process of flexibilising and privatising a wide range of areas: finance, pensions, education, work and so on. In 1990, with the end of Pinochet’s dictatorship, Chile continued to pursue neo-liberal economic policies and maintained the liberal conception of collective labour rights (imposed in 1979). By 2017, labour informality in Chile was among the lowest in South America. Taking these two factors into account (labour regulation that benefited business spending cuts and only “moderate” informality), this article explores the following questions: What are the features of current forms of labour formality in a paradigmatic neo-liberal context like Chile’s, and what space does informality occupy? Is labour formality far removed from the kind of vulnerability usually associated with informality? How have formality and informality related to each other in Chile in recent years? We address these questions with mixed methods: a literature review, development of a conceptual proposal, processing of statistical data and case studies. We conclude that a particular kind of labour formality currently prevails in Chile, which we call precarising formality. This concept disputes the traditional idea of labour formality, both because labour regulations lack substance and because they are ineffective, which is, of course, politically produced. We consider it precarising based on an analysis of multiple dimensions of precarity in contexts of theoretical labour formality. The article also describes forms of struggle and resistance by workers’ organisations that protest against capitalist action from within this new configuration of labour.
KEYWORDS: formality; informality; labour precarity; Chile
Examining Internal and External Physical Workloads Between Training and Competitive Matches Within Collegiate Division I Men's Soccer
Authors: Anderson Travis , Adams William M. , Martin Kerry J. , Wideman Laurie
Published: October 2021

Anderson, T, Adams, WM, Martin, KJ, and Wideman, L. Examining internal and external physical workloads between training and competitive matches within collegiate Division I men's soccer. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3440–3447, 2021—A direct analysis comparing differences in the demands of competition relative to in-season training in Division I collegiate soccer players has yet to be reported. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to compare the absolute and relative internal and external workloads measured during training with competitive matches. Twenty-six male college soccer players were monitored over 2 consecutive seasons using a GPS and heart rate (HR) telemetry system. Differences between outdoor training sessions and competitive matches were analyzed for internal and external absolute and relative training workloads. Differences in training workloads between the 3 days before a match were also analyzed. Absolute time in HR zone 4 (80–89% of HRmax) and 5 (90–100% of HRmax); accelerations in zone 1 (0.50–0.99 m·s−2), zone 2 (1.00–1.99 m·s−2), and zone 3 (2.00–2.99 m·s−2); all negative acceleration zones; training load; and estimated energy expenditure were greater in competition than training (p < 0.05). By contrast, when comparing training and competition values using metrics relative to session duration, relative workload in trainings were greater than competition for HR zone 1 (50–59% of HRmax), zone 2 (60–69% of HRmax), zone 3 (70–79% of HRmax), and zone 4 (80–89% of HRmax) and all acceleration and negative acceleration zones. In addition, absolute training workloads were generally greatest 3 days prior (p < 0.01), but not different 2 days before the competitive match. Absolute physical workloads of competition are significantly greater than those achieved during training; however, these differences and impact on the physical condition of players are mitigated by the greater relative workloads achieved during training. These results provide meaningful metrics that may lead to insights into proper conditioning and in-season workload management for Division I collegiate soccer programs.
AUTOMUTILAÇÃO EM ADOLESCENTES E ADULTOS JOVENS NA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19: o relato de três casos
Authors: Nascimento Janie Kelly Fernandes do , Nunes Nicolle Dos Santos Moraes , Orsini Marco , Muhlbauer Julia Fernandes Eigenheer
Published: October 2021

No final de 2019, o mundo acometido por uma grave patologia causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, intitulada de COVID-19. Acredita-se hoje que o isolamento social e a quarentena são as melhores estratégias para o controle da pandemia, pois, a partir deste binônimo, é possível haver a redução da taxa de transmissão viral e, consequentemente, a diminuição nos casos de COVID-19. Entretanto, foi observado aumento substancial nas taxas de depressão, ansiedade, suicídio e automutilações não suicidas; principalmente em indivíduos com doença mental prévia. Conclui-se, então, que tais manifestações sejam reflexo do isolamento social, bem como do medo e incertezas gerados pela pandemia.
ASPECTOS DE TELEPROTEÇÃO PARA LINHAS DE TRANSMISSÃO: revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Pinho André Da Costa , Colombini Angelo Cesar , Santos Mayara Helena Moreira Nogueira dos , Leite Matheus Felipe Ayello
Published: October 2021

Os sistemas de teleproteção tem sido modernizados com a inserção de novas tecnologias de telecomunicações. Sistemas mais confiáveis com menor tempo de resposta estão sendo testados e aplicados às linhas de transmissão. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão tema destacado, abordando aspectos do sistema de transmissão, equipamentos, funções de proteção aplicáveis e sistemas de telecomunicações, detalhando aspectos técnicos e apresentando uma avaliação comparativa entre tecnologias.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM MICROGERADOR FOTOVOLTAICO APLICADO AO PENEIRAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Lube Paulo Alex Nacif , Avelar Kátia Eliane Santos , Dusek Patricia Maria
Published: October 2021

A demanda por geração de energia utilizando fontes renováveis está crescendo rapidamente. O impacto ambiental dos modelos nuclear e termelétrico, a crise hídrica que limita a geração em hidrelétricas, os esforços globais para reduzir as emissões de CO2, tornam essenciais as iniciativas que promovam o avanço das fontes renováveis, com impacto ambiental mínimo, até a sua inserção na matriz energética. A energia solar fotovoltaica se caracteriza como uma alternativa aos sistemas energéticos convencionais e poluentes, por ser um modo de geração de energia limpa, renovável, com a vantagem de possibilitar a produção de energia no próprio local de consumo. Os aterros de triagem e transbordo de resíduos da construção civil (RCC) são áreas destinadas ao recebimento de resíduos volumosos, gerados e coletados por agentes privados. Esses empreendimentos podem realizar a segregação dos materiais, de acordo com sua tipologia, além da transformação e beneficiamento da fração mineral do RCC. Em uma das etapas da granulometria utiliza-se uma peneira elétrica, separadora de grãos finos. A falta de infraestrutura adequada no fornecimento de energia e o potencial solar no local do aterro, propiciaram a pesquisa, o projeto e a construção de um microgerador fotovoltaico, em uma plataforma móvel, com potência de geração suficiente para atender a demanda energética e necessária mobilidade de acordo com as características do terreno. Essa tecnologia de conversão de energia utilizada em uma peneira elétrica separadora de RCC em um aterro de transbordo e triagem, torna o processo sustentável, com ganhos ambientais, econômicos, sociais e, consequentemente, contribuir para o desenvolvimento local.
MODELAGEM DA VAZÃO E ANÁLISE DO ESCOAMENTO NA ÁREA DE RECARGA DE UMA NASCENTE INSERIDA NA BACIA DO RIO VERDE
Authors: Silva Israel Luiz da , Oliveira Alisson Souza de , Marques Rosângela Francisca De Paula Vitor
Published: October 2021

Entender a dinâmica da água em áreas de recarga de nascentes é extremamente importante, pois são precursoras dos cursos d’água. Objetivou-se a caracterização da área de recarga da nascente F1 e a modelagem de sua vazão. Localiza-se na Fazenda Experimental UninCor em Três Corações, MG. Para a delimitação da área de recarga e obtenção da declividade foi utilizado o MDE SRTM com resolução espacial de 30 m, para a classificação do uso e cobertura da terra utilizou-se uma imagem do CBERS-4. A vazão foi avaliada em associação a área de recarga, relevo e uso e cobertura da terra. Realizou-se o monitoramento semanal da vazão entre abril e setembro de 2019, avaliando-se o deflúvio, vazão média, rendimento específico e a modelagem da vazão. O uso do solo predominante é a pastagem degradada (91,98%). O relevo predominante é o ondulado (83,20%), declividade média de 15,16% e altitude média de 935,8 m. A vazão no início do período de depleção (Qt) foi de 1,35 l.s-1 e no final (Qt0) foi de 0,07 l.s-1. Embora haja a necessidade de estudos complementares, fica evidente a influência negativa do uso do solo na geração do escoamento, fatos comprovados com a relação Qt/Qt0 de apenas 5,20%, aliado ainda ao coeficiente de depleção α igual a -0,02211. A precipitação total no período analisado foi de 929,28 mm, o deflúvio total igual a 225,58 mm e a participação do deflúvio base no total precipitado (Db/P) foi de 24,27%.
EDIÇÃO COMPLETA
Authors: Editores Os
Published: October 2021

REVISTA AUGUSTUSRio de Janeiro: UNISUAM, 2020. Semestral. DOI: 10.15202/1981-1896.v25n52
A SÍNDROME DE ASPERGER: desafios para a inclusão e a importância da literatura infanto-juvenil
Authors: Marques Lucimar Da Silva , Sobral Thalita Ponce , Vigário Patrícia Dos Santos
Published: October 2021

A Síndrome de Asperger (SA) faz parte da família dos Transtornos Invasivos do Desenvolvimento (TID). Dentre a variedade de sinais e sintomas que os indivíduos com SA podem apresentar destacam-se a dificuldade de interação social, além de interesses específicos em objetos e temas não usuais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo apresentar aspectos relacionados à SA, os desafios em termos de inclusão desses indivíduos e a possibilidade do uso da literatura infanto-juvenil como facilitadora neste processo. Por meio da literatura consultada constatou-se que crianças e jovens com SA são frequentemente vítimas de bullying, preconceito e exclusão social na escola, fato este que pode ser minimizado por meio do uso de livros que abordem o tema deficiência. Dessa forma, espera-se que as crianças cresçam, se desenvolvam e se tornem cidadãos com um olhar diferenciado sobre a deficiência, livre de preconceitos e pré-julgamentos. A inclusão é um processo complexo, porém deve naturalmente fazer parte da vida das crianças, preferencialmente de uma forma leve, lúdica e precoce.
TRILHAS: motivações e percepções dos participantes de um grupo do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Nunes Ana Carla , Oliveira Diogo Gonçalves de Souza de , Wildhagen Giannina Maria do Espirito Santo
Published: October 2021

O objetivo foi verificar os motivos e percepções dos componentes de um grupo de adeptos à prática de trilha no estado do Rio de Janeiro formado a partir de um perfil de uma rede social. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e sua análise foi realizada a partir do núcleo central das representações sociais. O estudo contou com praticantes de trilha de ambos os sexos, no entanto a grande maioria é de mulheres e com ensino superior completo. Os praticantes estão motivados pela vontade de estar em contato com a natureza. A trilha é representada pela natureza e o condicionamento físico. Já a atividade física ficou associada à saúde e ao condicionamento físico.
HEUTAGOGIA: o ensino superior no Brasil e o mercado de trabalho
Authors: Marques Renata Coentrão , Duarte Cleia Zanatta Clavery Guarnido
Published: October 2021

A aprendizagem vislumbra muitos caminhos a serem percorridos do professor até o aluno e vice-versa. Esta relação se entrelaça de tal forma que se deparam com situações comuns de dificuldade para sua reflexão. A heutagogia é um modelo de processo de aprendizagem muito difundido atualmente, principalmente quando se popularizou a educação a distância, modificando a vida social e as práticas de ensino quanto à proximidade do docente e do discente. As especificações cotidianas de entendimento de aprendizagem ultrapassam o material didático para se autogerenciarem. Este artigo teve como objetivo entrelaçar heutagogia, ensino superior e necessidades do mercado de trabalho no contexto brasileiro, dando um panorama da educação a distância e as preocupações que este estilo de aprendizagem traz. Uma revisão sistemática de artigos foi utilizada como metodologia de pesquisa a partir dos termos heutagogia, ensino superior e mercado de trabalho. Foram detectados 5 artigos sobre a temática que mostraram que a heutagogia está relacionada ao ensino superior a distância, conseguindo reaproximar as pessoas à universidade, com rapidez, flexibilidade e aplicabilidade imediata, principalmente para os trabalhadores. A globalização trouxe para o contexto brasileiro muitos desafios e a necessidade de velocidade o que levou a expansão desta aprendizagem principalmente para dentro da universidade que precisará se aprimorar para ensinar e produzir conhecimento científico e cultural inovador.
Unique and Shared Correlates of Sexual Violence Perpetration and Sexual Risk Behavior Among South African Adolescent Boys
Authors: Tarantino Nicholas , Matthews Catherine , Sun Shufang , Orchowski Lindsay , Harrison Abigail , Abrahams Naeemah , Berkowitz Alan , Akande Morayo , Kuo Caroline
Published: October 2021

Associations between sexual risk behavior (SRB) and sexual violence perpetration (SVP) contribute to the intersecting HIV and sexual violence epidemics in South Africa. We examined SVP and SRB, and their potential correlates among South African boys (N = 80; ages 15–17). Fifty-one percent endorsed SVP in the past year; 61% engaged in past-3-month SRB. Whereas most unique correlates were socio-structural, family, or community factors, correlates shared across behaviors were behavior-specific social norm perceptions and cognitive factors. In final multivariate models, food insecurity and positive attitudes toward delaying sex were associated with SVP (odds ratios [ORs] = 3.05 and 0.37, respectively), and community violence exposure, gender equitable social norm perceptions, positive attitudes toward delaying sex, and intentions to obtain sexual consent were associated with SRBs (ORs = 1.56–1.57, 0.90–0.38, 0.58–0.60, respectively). Interventions to address HIV/sexual violence risk among adolescents in South Africa should be integrated and multilevel.
Cognitive and Affective Theory of Mind in Female Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Hillmann Karen , Neukel Corinne , Krauch Marlene , Spohn Angelika , Schnell Knut , Herpertz Sabine C. , Bertsch Katja
Published: October 2021

Empirical studies have identified deficits in cognitive and affective theory of mind (ToM) in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD), but results remain heterogeneous and not much is known about the role of childhood trauma. The current study assessed cognitive and affective ToM in 80 patients with BPD and 41 healthy controls in a false-belief cartoon task. Childhood trauma was measured with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Patients with BPD responded slower in all experimental conditions in false-belief situations, but not when false beliefs were resolved; made more errors in the cognitive ToM condition; and reported worse affective states more often in and after false-belief situations. No significant correlations between ToM and childhood trauma could be found. The current study revealed deficits in cognitive and affective ToM in patients with BPD that may be related to a more negative affective state raised by the false-belief stories.
School Counselors’ Exposure to Student Suicide, Suicide Assessment Self-Efficacy, and Workplace Anxiety: Implications for Training, Practice, and Research
Authors: Becnel Alexander T. , Range Lillian , Remley, Jr. Theodore P.
Published: October 2021

In a national sample of current school counselors with membership in the American School Counselor Association (N = 226), we examined the prevalence of suicide training among school counselors as well as differences in suicide assessment self-efficacy and workplace anxiety between school counselors who were exposed to student suicide and those who were not. The results indicate that 38% of school counselors were not prepared for suicide prevention during graduate training. Although school counselors’ exposure to suicide was not related to their workplace anxiety, those who were exposed to a student suicide attempt had higher suicide assessment self-efficacy scores than those who were not. This study demonstrates the impact of suicide exposure on school counselors and the need for additional suicide assessment training.
Making Choices and Reducing Risk (MCARR): School Counseling Primary Prevention of Substance Use
Authors: Foss-Kelly Louisa L. , Generali Margaret M. , Crowley Michael J.
Published: October 2021

The consequences of adolescent drug and alcohol use may be serious and far-reaching, forecasting problematic use or addictive behaviors into adulthood. School counselors are particularly well suited to understand the needs of the school community and to seamlessly deliver sustainable substance use prevention. This pilot study with 46 ninth-grade students investigates the impact of the Making Choices and Reducing Risk (MCARR) program, a drug and alcohol use prevention program for the school setting. The MCARR curriculum addresses general knowledge of substances and their related risks, methods for evaluating risk, and skills for avoiding or coping with drug and alcohol use. Using a motivational interviewing framework, MCARR empowers students to choose freely how they wish to behave in relation to drugs and alcohol and to contribute to the health of others in the school community. The authors hypothesized that the implementation of the MCARR curriculum would influence student attitudes, knowledge, and use of substances. Results suggest that the MCARR had a beneficial impact on student attitudes and knowledge. Further, no appreciable increases in substance use during the program were observed. Initial results point to the promise of program feasibility and further research with larger samples including assessment of longitudinal impact.
Validation of the Adapted Response to Stressful Experiences Scale (RSES-4) Among First Responders
Authors: Ponder Warren N. , Prosek Elizabeth A. , Sherrill Tempa
Published: October 2021

First responders are continually exposed to trauma-related events. Resilience is evidenced as a protective factor for mental health among first responders. However, there is a lack of assessments that measure the construct of resilience from a strength-based perspective. The present study used archival data from a treatment-seeking sample of 238 first responders to validate the 22-item Response to Stressful Experiences Scale (RSES-22) and its abbreviated version, the RSES-4, with two confirmatory factor analyses. Using a subsample of 190 first responders, correlational analyses were conducted of the RSES-22 and RSES-4 with measures of depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and suicidality confirming convergent and criterion validity. The two confirmatory analyses revealed a poor model fit for the RSES-22; however, the RSES-4 demonstrated an acceptable model fit. Overall, the RSES-4 may be a reliable and valid measure of resilience for treatment-seeking first responder populations.
Geospatial technology with the integration of MCDA to identify potential irrigation site for agricultural land management in Wanka watershed, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Yegizaw Endalkachew Sisay , Ejegu Mulualem Asfaw
Published: October 2021

Irrigation improves the productivity of agriculture in any country. Irrigation is viewed as a fundamental approach to ensure food security, improve crop productivity, income of smallholder farmers, ensure food security, alleviate poverty and improve the economy of the farming community by generating additional income. As a result, the goal of this study was to identify prospective irrigated lands for agricultural land management in the Wanka watershed in northwestern Ethiopia using geospatial technology and multi-criteria decision-making analysis. Identifying sites for surface irrigation for agricultural land management is not a simple task, which needs consideration of many criteria such as slope, soil texture, soil depth, soil drainage, land use/land cover and distance from the water supply were used to determine the best possible location. Each factor was categorized into highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable and currently not suitable. The final result showed that the watershed had a high opportunity for surface irrigation. About 498 km2 of the watershed's total area is potentially suitable for surface irrigation, whereas the remaining 443 km2 is not. In the research area, there is sufficient land area accessible for surface irrigation development if those locations with highly suitable to marginally suitable areas are properly utilized.
The contribution of organic acid on heterotrophic CO2 flux from tropical peat: a trenching study
Authors: Nurzakiah Siti , Sutandi Atang , Djajakirana Gunawan , Sudadi Untung , Sabiham Supiandi
Published: October 2021

Quantification of CO2 flux from peat has been studied with various methods of measurement and data analysis. Several studies have applied regression analysis to assess carbon flux from tropical peatland as a function of groundwater level. Such an analysis simplified the complex nature of peat decomposition, which involved microbial activities. The study was conducted at Buatan Village, Siak Indrapura Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Soil sampling was done every month for a year observation, from July 2018 to June 2019. This study aimed to comprehend CO2 production from the respiration of heterotrophic components (Rh-CO2) as a function of soil properties determined by soil pH, N-NH4, N-NO3, available P, exchangeable-K, C-organic acids, and environmental factors that are determined by soil water content, and groundwater level. The study applied trenching experimentation to quantify Rh-CO2 flux by first removing plant roots from the trenching plot. The CO2 flux and groundwater level were measured for five consecutive days each month for a one-year period. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the main determinant for the Rh-CO2 flux. The results showed that seasonal fluctuation of Rh-CO2 flux, negatively correlated with available P (p = 0.037), and positively (p = 0.018) with C-substrate as C-organic acids but not with either of the speciated ones as acetic, lactic, citric, malic, nor oxalic acids. More specifically, the C-organic acids were found as the main determinant factor (p = 0.039) affecting the Rh-CO2 flux.
Soil macroporosity, physical properties and nutrient leaching after forest conversion to rubber and oil palm plantation in an Acrisol of Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Utami Sri Rahayu , Kurniawan Syahrul , Agustina Christanti , Corre Marife De
Published: October 2021

Soil degradation is expected to continue as forest conversion into other land uses increases significantly. In Indonesia, Jambi is one of the main areas for the development of oil palm and rubber, whichare mainly converted from the forest. As a base for better management, we attempted to study macro-porosity in rubber and oil palm plantation, in comparison to secondary forests. Four landuse systems (secondary forest, jungle rubber, rubber plantation and oil palm plantations) in Bukit Duabelas, Sarolangun District, Jambi Province, Sumatera, were selected for this study. The number of macropores in vertical or horizontal planes and their related factors (root mass, litter thickness, % organic C, bulk density, water content at pF 0 and pF 2.54, aggregate stability) were measured within the soil profiles. Forest conversion to jungle rubber, rubber and oil palm plantation led to a decrease of macro-porosity in the soil profile, especially in the upper 50 cm. Macropores, both at vertical and horizontal planes in the secondary forest was significantly higher than other landuses. Horizontal macropores in jungle rubber were higher than rubber and oil palm plantation, but not the vertical macropores. Among the soil properties measured, litter thickness, coarse root dry mass (Ø >2 mm), mesopores and aggregate stability were closely associated with soil macro-porosity. However, macro-porosity in the soil profile was insignificantly correlated to soil bulk density and % organic C. Increasing the number of horizontal macropores resulted in higher nutrient leaching, especially K and Na.
Robusta coffee transpiration rate in smallholder coffee plantations on Inceptisols of Malang, East Java
Authors: Saputri Jiyanti Yana , Prijono Sugeng , Prasetya Budi
Published: October 2021

Climate change and the erratic and uneven rainfall distribution are the causes of reduced water available in the soil for plant needs to the transpiration process. This study aimed to determine coffee transpiration rate on dry land with rain harvesting techniques during the dry season, transition season, and rainy season and the factors that influence it. This study used field observation and laboratory analysis with two treatments, i.e. a bench terrace as a control (P1) and an L-shaped silt pit (P2). The variables observed were soil moisture content, transpiration rate, soil water potential, leaf water potential, and microclimate, especially temperature and sunlight intensity. The results showed that the transpiration rate of coffee plants was significantly different in the two treatments. The highest transpiration rate was found in P2 as much as 13.17 mm week-1 or equivalent to 1.88 mm day-1 during the dry season. Application of the L-shaped silt pit (P2) increased soil moisture content compared to the control (P1). This increase was followed by an increase in soil water potential and leaf water potential, which could reach the highest values of 0.18 bar and 0.49 bar, respectively. The transpiration decreases with the change of seasons from the dry season to the transitional season and the rainy season. This decrease is caused by changes in the microclimate, especially the temperature and sunlight intensity. Both are the most variables that affect the rate of transpiration.
Evaluation between the year of pruning and land slope on nutrient uptake and availability in tea plantation
Authors: Athallah Faris Nur Fauzi , Wulansari Restu , Pramudita Aloysius Adya
Published: October 2021

In tea plantations, pruning to rejuvenate the plant is regularly carried out. The cutting age that is also known as pruning year determines the estimated production of tea plantations. The land slope is thought to affect the absorption of nutrients, which have implications on yields. This study aimed to explore the interaction between the pruning year and land slopes in nutrients uptake in tea plantations and to obtain the correlation between soil fertility and nutrients content in tea plants at different land slopes. A field experiment was carried out from December 2020 to February 2021 at The Research Centre for Tea and Cinchona, Gambung. A Split Plot design was conducted to observe between pruning year (PY) that consisted of pruning year 1 (PY-1), pruning year 2 (PY-2), pruning year 3 (PY-3) and pruning year 4 (PY-4) with two different slopes in each block that consisted of flat land (slope = 0-8%) and sloping land (slope = 15%-25%). Results of the study showed that there was no interaction between PY and slope on the uptake and nutrient content in the tea plant, but there was an independent effect from each factor, where the PY factor affected all nutrients uptake, while the slope factor only affected P content. There was no significant difference between flat and sloping land on soil nutrients, but there was a correlation between plant nutrients and tea plant nutrient content. P content had a strong correlation with K content (r = 0.657); and K content had a strong correlation with Mg content (r = 0.891).
Large scale mining in Ghana: a review of the implications on the host communities
Authors: Okyere Mustapha , Ayitey Jonathan Zinzi , Ajabuin Benjamin Avurinyinbiik
Published: October 2021

Following the implementation of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in 1983, Ghana’s mining sector has experienced significant growth, making Ghana one of the 10-leading producers of gold globally and the largest in Africa since 2018. To this end, the mining industry has been contributing significantly to the country’s total export earnings and the overall Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Despite its contribution to the economy, mining in Ghana has been a subject of debate in the past few years due to its diverse impacts on the host communities. This study therefore conducted a review of the implications of large-scale mining in Ghana. Findings revealed that, mining activities gravely affect the quality of water in most mining communities due to the use of toxic substances such as mercury. Mining activities also destroy forest reserves and farmlands, cause respiratory diseases and death. The study therefore suggests an effective collaboration between all relevant stakeholders in monitoring mining activities to help mitigate the impacts on the host communities.
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas in von Hippel–Lindau disease: not a needle in a haystack
Authors: Castro-Teles João , Sousa-Pinto Bernardo , Rebelo Sandra , Pignatelli Duarte
Published: October 2021

Objective

Pheochromocytomas are a hallmark feature of von Hippel–Lindau disease (vHL). To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review with meta-analysis evaluating the frequency of pheochromocytomas and/or paragangliomas (PPGLs) in patients with vHL, as well as among patients with different vHL subtypes.

Design

Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods

We searched on MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included primary studies assessing participants with vHL and reporting on the frequency of PPGL. We performed random-effects meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the frequency of PPGL, followed by meta-regression and subgroup analysis. Risk of bias analysis was performed to assess primary studies’ methodological quality.

Results

We included 80 primary studies. In 4263 patients with vHL, the pooled frequency of PPGL was 19.4% (95% CI = 15.9–23.6%, I2 = 86.1%). The frequency increased to 60.0% in patients with vHL type 2 (95% CI = 53.4–66.3%, I2 = 54.6%) and was determined to be of 58.2% in patients with vHL type 2A (95% CI = 49.7–66.3%, I2 = 36.2%), compared to 49.8% in vHL type 2B (95% CI = 39.9–59.7%, I2 = 42.7%), and 84.1% in vHL type 2C (95% CI = 75.1–93.1%, I2 = 0%). In meta-regression analysis, more recent studies were associated with a higher frequency of PPGL. All studies had at least one internal validity item classified as 'high risk of bias,' with 13% studies having low risk of bias in all external validity items.

Conclusions

PPGLs are a common manifestation of vHL. Despite methodological limitations and differences across primary studies, our results point to the importance of PPGL screening in patients with vHL.
Novel mechanism of pituitary hormone deficiency: genetic variants shift splicing to produce a dominant negative transcription factor isoform
Authors: Brue Thierry , Camper Sally A
Published: October 2021

Recent studies have shown a novel mechanism of combined pituitary hormone deficiency associated with mutations in POU1F1, altering the balance of alternative-splicing, which results in over-expression of the beta isoform of POU1F1. These studies underscore the need for biologists, in the context of routine molecular diagnosis of this condition, to investigate alternative splicing in POU1F1 as well as in other genes.
Valoración de la capacidad aeróbica de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gómez-Figueroa Julio Alejandro , Barradas Peregrina Alejandro , Castineyra Mendoza Santiago , Quintana Rivera Luis , Moncada Jiménez José
Published: October 2021

Algunas universidades en el mundo realizan pruebas de aptitud física a sus estudiantes de primer ingreso. Una de esas pruebas permite determinar la capacidad aeróbica, un componente de la aptitud física relacionado con la salud y la reducción de riesgos cardiovasculares. El propósito del estudio fue determinar la capacidad aeróbica de estudiantes de primer ingreso de la Universidad Veracruzana en México. Participaron 1004 estudiantes de ambos sexos, quienes completaron la prueba aeróbica de Cooper. Se encontró que el 63.0 % de los participantes se ubicó en niveles bajos; 25.6 %, en niveles medios, y 11.4 %, en un nivel bueno. Se concluye que los estudiantes de primer ingreso poseen una baja capacidad aeróbica, lo que impactará en su desempeño físico si participan en actividades deportivas. Además, esta inadecuada condición se manifiesta en hombres y mujeres, por lo que es necesario implementar estrategias de ejercicio físico para que impacte en la prevención y cuidado de la salud física, coadyuvando en la disminución de los riesgos de enfermar y colaborando en la reducción del gasto en servicios de salud de la comunidad estudiantil universitaria.
Der interne Zinsfuß aus investitions- und finanzierungstheoretischer Sicht
Authors: Blaß Robin , Kakuk Christian
Published: October 2021

Die Berechnung des internen Zinsfußes im Rahmen der dynamischen Investitionsrechnung ist bei Investitionen im Mehrperiodenfall mathematisch schwierig zu lösen, weshalb man sich beispielsweise einer Näherungslösung mittels linearer Interpolation bedienen kann. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll einer sinnvollen Interpretation der Ergebnisse dieser Methode dienen und deren sinngemäße Übertragung auf die Finanzierungsperspektive ermöglichen.
Goodwill-Bilanzierung nach International Financial Reporting Standards: Impairment-Only in der Kritik
Authors: Kropp Matthias
Published: October 2021

Das kaum gebremste Wachstum des Goodwills in den IFRS-Konzernabschlüssen stößt auf massive Kritik, die das IASB in einem Diskussionspapier aufgegriffen hat. Der Beitrag skizziert die Bilanzierung des Goodwills nach IFRS und die dabei entstehenden Probleme. Er erlaubt so eine Einordnung der Diskussion im IASB über den Impairment-Only-Ansatz und die Wiedereinführung der planmäßigen Goodwillabschreibung.
Digitale Disruption
Authors: Wirtz Bernd W. , Langer Paul F.
Published: October 2021

In den vergangenen Jahren haben digitale Disruptionen die Wettbewerbslandschaft in vielen Sektoren deutlich verändert. Dabei haben sich digitale Unternehmen insbesondere als Intermediäre in bisher traditionell aufgestellten Märkten etabliert. Prominente Beispiele sind bekannte Unternehmen wie Uber, Airbnb und Netflix. Vor dem Hintergrund der verschiedenen strukturellen Veränderungen thematisiert der folgende Beitrag Zusammenhänge und Auswirkungen anhand eines integrierten Erklärungsmodels für digitale Disruptionen.
Interkulturelles Training in der digitalen Lehre
Authors: Bernhard Theresa , Heidemann Christina
Published: October 2021

Der Förderung interkultureller Kompetenzen von Studierenden in wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Studiengängen kommt eine wachsende Bedeutung zu. Interkulturelles Training als Werkzeug für die Vermittlung dieser Kompetenzen sollte dabei in der Hochschullehre nicht mehr nur analog stattfinden, sondern verstärkt auch die Vorteile der Digitalisierung nutzen und den digitalen Raum erobern.
ANÁLISIS DEL IMPACTO DEL PLAN ADO EN LOS RESULTADOS OLÍMPICOS ESPAÑOLES
Authors: Leiva Arcas A. , Sánchez Pato A. , Martínez Patiño M.J.
Published: October 2021

En el presente artículo se analizan las políticas deportivas españolas y su influencia en el rendimiento olímpico, poniendo el foco de atención en el programa de Apoyo a los Deportistas Olímpicos (Plan ADO). Se describe posteriormente cómo se han distribuido las becas ADO y cuál ha sido la evolución de la participación olímpica española bajo este programa de apoyo a la tecnificación y profesionalización del deporte de élite nacional. El estudio continúa con el análisis del rendimiento de los deportistas españoles en las distintas ediciones de los Juegos dentro del desarrollo de este programa, con especial atención al periodo 2005-2016, enfatizando la relación entre la aportación económica global del Plan ADO en forma de becas y los resultados obtenidos. Como conclusión, se constata que el Plan ADO ha sido uno de los factores claves de la transformación deportiva en España y de los éxitos internacionales desde Barcelona 1992.