bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
English Translations of Homeric Epic in Dactylic Hexameters
Authors: Merrill Rodney
Published: February 2015

Après un préambule en hexamètres dactyliques anglais, le traducteur de l’Odyssée et de l’Iliade, épopées dont l’élaboration a accompagné sa vie et ses voyages, revient sur son parcours et sur sa méthode. Dans la tradition de Longfellow, dont les poèmes lui devinrent familiers dès ses 13 ans, il a façonné un hexamètre dactylique accentuel. Il a cherché à conserver d’authentiques spondées et une véritable force quantitative dans les syllabes de son vers. Mouvement, pauses, allitérations suivent autant que possible la marche du poème. Au-delà de la pulsation (beat), le traducteur a transposé les syntagmes homériques dans leur dimension répétitive de manière à rendre sensible la dimension orale et rituelle des poèmes. Il a visé un anglais littéraire, accessible à tous. Il a toutefois transcrit les noms propres, en les accentuant pour faciliter la lecture, plutôt que d’en donner des formes adaptées, excepté pour les noms les plus courants comme Achilles.
Principes de scansion de l’hexamètre en français
Authors: Brunet Philippe
Published: February 2015

Les traductions métriques qui ont vu le jour ces dernières années (Le Livre de Catulle d’André Markowicz 1985, Œuvres et fragments d’Hésiode 1999, L’Iliade d’Homère 2010) ont activé dans la prosodie française un principe rythmique qui était le plus souvent refusé à la langue pour des raisons historiques déguisées en nature. Or un tel hexamètre est possible, puisqu’il a permis de retraduire Catulle, Hésiode et l’Iliade. On expose ici le mode d’emploi de l’hexamètre en français. De même qu’Homère impose à la langue grecque un moule métrique, de même il est possible de faire entendre vocalement de l’alternance rythmique en français. Ni totalement accentuel ni totalement quantitatif, l’hexamètre produit de la mesure, de la répétition rythmique, et cette conscience résulte d’un partage avec le public. Tout lecteur, en entrant dans la connivence du rythme, entre aussi en même temps dans le jeu aédique. Accentuer, marquer, tenir, tendre sont les activités principales du lecteur-récitant en performance, dans un parcours préparé par le traducteur-aède.
Traduire en hexamètres français : une contradiction dans les termes ?
Authors: Lormier Juliette
Published: February 2015

Cet article propose d’analyser deux entreprises de traduction en hexamètres français : celle des Travaux et des Jours d’Hésiode par Jean-Antoine de Baïf dans ses Étrénes de poézie fransoeze an vers mezurés (1574), et celle de l’Iliade d’Homère par Philippe Brunet (2010). Il s’agit de resituer ces expériences dans l’histoire littéraire française, puis de définir ce qui les différencie, tant d’un point de vue métrico-rythmique que traductologique. Si le poète de la Pléiade reste très proche du patron métrique antique, le laissant poindre dans sa graphie même, Philippe Brunet, propose pour sa part une approche que l’on pourrait qualifier d’« hexarythmique » de l’hexamètre grec. La notion de signifiance, telle qu’elle fut définie par Henri Meschonnic notamment dans sa Critique du rythme, semble un outil pertinent pour mesurer la portée poétique d’une telle expérience de traduction. Dans ces deux traductions, la dimension phonique et oralisée de l’hexamètre français demeure primordiale.
La traduction d’Homère en Estonie : une bataille pour ou contre l’hexamètre quantitatif
Authors: Päll Janika
Published: February 2015

En Estonie, la traduction métrique des épopées d’Homère a commencé à la fin du xixe siècle avec les traductions accentuelles de la Batrachomyomachie et de l’Odyssée. À partir des années 1920 et 1930 les essais de traduction quantitative ont commencé, en parallèle avec la recherche théorique sur l’estonien en tant que base phonétique de telles traductions. Le fait que, en estonien, on trouve à la fois trois durées de phonèmes et des accents, laisse toujours ouverte la possibilité aux traducteurs de s’orienter vers les accents ou vers les quantités ou, encore, d’utiliser les deux en cherchant un langage poétique qui ne soit pas trop artificiel. Très probablement les discussions pour ou contre la traduction quantitative continueront au xxie siècle, comme aussi la traduction de l’épopée grecque (il manque encore les Hymnes homériques, la Théogonie entière, ainsi que les œuvres d’Apollonios de Rhodes et de Nonnos).
Pour une traduction musicale des vers de Lucrèce
Authors: Boussard Guillaume
Published: February 2015

La surface sonore d’un poème, fût-il philosophique, est première : le traducteur doit s’attacher à rendre les effets prosodiques les plus marquants. Qu’en est-il dans le poème de Lucrèce ? Guillaume Boussard témoigne de la façon dont il rend compte d’un certain nombre de particularités du style de Lucrèce dans sa traduction mesurée du Dē Nātūrā Rērum : vers spondaïques et doubles élisions, génitifs archaïques en āī, néologismes. Les principes de jonction et disjonction qui fondent la physique épicurienne sont illustrés par Lucrèce dès l’échelle de la syllabe en latin, et doivent être sensibles en français.
Padrón de Casabindo y Cochinoca de 1654. Transcripción y estudio preliminar
Authors: Palomeque Silvia , Tedesco Élida
Published: February 2015

Transcripción paleográfica, análisis y estudio preliminar del padrón de indígenas de los pueblos de reducción de Casabindo y Cochinoca de 1654, asentados en la parte suroeste de los “andes de puna”, donde predominaba la actividad ganadera y minera, con escaso desarrollo de la agricultura. En 1654 esta zona pertenecía a la Gobernación del Tucumán, actualmente forma parte de la provincia de Jujuy y se ubica en el extremo noroeste de Argentina. El padrón transcripto es el más temprano que se conoce para estos pueblos y presenta la particular característica de incluir los nombres indígenas de su población (no solo de hombres sino también de mujeres y niños), un registro poco habitual para los pueblos indígenas del Tucumán. En el estudio preliminar presentamos una ajustada síntesis de la historia de estos pueblos, donde se destaca la notoria integración de los mismos con los pueblos vecinos, la larga resistencia al dominio español y la continuidad de sus autoridades indígenas. Durante el análisis del padrón, en tanto documento, se presenta una síntesis cuantitativa de las unidades tributarias registradas, acompañada de un análisis de los movimientos de la población y sus principales tendencias.
A escrita em guarani dos mayordomos e o exemplo de Valentín Ybariguá (Paraguai, XVIII)
Authors: Neumann Eduardo S.
Published: February 2015

En las reducciones del Paraguay, la enseñanza de las “artes y oficios” alcanzó un nivel sorprendente. La conquista del alfabeto por los guaraníes fue un aspecto de ese desarrollo, que amplió las posibilidades de comunicación de los indígenas con los poderes coloniales. A lo largo de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII fue frecuente la práctica de la escritura entre los indígenas de las misiones. El conocimiento de los protocolos letrados permitió a la élite indígena una vía de comunicación directa con las autoridades coloniales. Saber leer y escribir abrió las puertas a algunos indígenas a cargos en los cabildos. Particularmente los mayordomos - a quienes correspondía el control de los bienes comunitarios-, manejaron con suma facilidad la escritura. Una muestra son las cartas escritas por Valentín Ybariguá en el momento de los cambios en la administración de las reducciones,- posteriores a la expulsión de los jesuitas. Por medio de las cartas Valentín intentó actuar en conformidad con las prácticas letradas vigentes en el marco de la Monarquía Hispánica.
De centauros a protegidos. La construcción del sujeto de la política indigenista argentina desde los debates parlamentarios (1880 – 1970)
Authors: Lenton Diana Isabel
Published: February 2015

El tema de esta investigación es el proceso de construcción política del colectivo que deviene objeto de referencia de la política indigenista argentina entre 1880 y 1970, a través del análisis de la inscripción de subjetividades y regímenes de verdad manifiestos en los debates parlamentarios nacionales del mismo período.La disertación apunta a explicar cómo se define en esos años el sujeto de la política indigenista argentina; a través de qué procesos devino en sujeto de acciones de gobierno; qué atributos se adjudican a este sujeto; y qué presunciones sobre su naturaleza se traslucen en las estrategias dirigidas a actuar sobre el mismo. Esta tesis parte así de una serie de interrogantes que apuntan a establecer la genealogía de la política indigenista nacional, teniendo en cuenta la perdurabilidad de ciertas representaciones mas allá de las condiciones que les dieron origen.Mi tesis establece una relación entre la matriz territorio-nación-estado –resultado de procesos históricos concretos que culminan ca. 1880- y la fundación de una primera política indigenista de carácter estatal-nacional que se define por referencia a un sujeto colectivo, a su vez construido como el polo de una relación de tutelaje o de “ciudadanía incompleta”, marcada por la asignación a uno de los sujetos de una alta cuota de pasividad.La estructura por capítulos de la tesis refleja la sucesión histórica de proyectos ideológicos de exclusión/inclusión de las entidades indígenas en el cuerpo de la nación: el disciplinamiento físico (capítulo 1), la civilización en tanto territorialización (capítulo 2), la incorporación al mercado de trabajo (capítulo 3), la asimilación (capítulo 4), la integración (capítulo 5), la protección (capítulo 6) y la aculturación para el desarrollo (capítulo 7).
PHRASES SELECTAS: Un diccionario manuscrito castellano-guaraní anónimo
Authors: Chamorro Graciela
Published: February 2015

Phrases Selectas es un manuscrito de autoría jesuítica, adjudicada a Pablo Restivo, fechado en 1687. El mismo es una versión reestructurada y actualizada del Tesoro de la Lengua Guaraní de Antonio Ruiz de Montoya (1639). Este artículo pretende ser una introducción a este documento inédito, al presentar el debate sobre su autoría, la forma en que se estructura y sus posibilidades de uso en la investigación de la lengua, la historia y la antropología guaraní.

Phrases Selectas is a manuscript of Jesuit authorship, attributed to Pablo Restivo and dated in 1687. It is a restructured and updated version of the Treasure of Guarani Language by Antonio Ruiz de Montoya. This article is intended to be an introduction to this unpublished document by introducing the debate on its authorship, the way in which the piece is organized and its possibilities of use for the linguistic research and in the historical and anthropological studies of the Guarani.
L’étiquette et la distribution des appartements officiels dans les palais baroques
Authors: Baillie Hugh Murray
Published: February 2015

L’origine de cette étude remonte à l’époque où, après la guerre, je travaillais en Allemagne dans l’équipe engagée pour le programme de sauvegarde des Monuments, beaux-arts et archives. À l’occasion de l’inspection que je fis alors, en compagnie d’un collègue allemand, d’un vaste palais du xviiie siècle dont nous avions la charge, ce dernier, peut-être frappé par le terrible voire le scandaleux contraste entre ces splendeurs ternies et la désolation qui les entourait, me dit d’un air presque contrit : « Après tout, ce palais n’est qu’une imitation de Versailles. »
Le pavillon de la Perspective à Marly
Authors: Bergeret Virginie
Published: February 2015

Le pavillon de la Perspective ou pavillon des Offices est un édifice moins connu du château de Marly. Il s’avère pourtant être un bâtiment au rôle déterminant dans le fonctionnement des « Marlys », par le biais de ses multiples fonctions. Il était d’abord dédié aux usages domestiques et l’on y trouvait à la fois les services de la Bouche du roi et ceux du Garde-Meuble, ainsi que des logements pour un grand nombre de leurs employés. Le pavillon de la Perspective était aussi l’un des cadres de réception des invités, leur offrant appartements et salles destinées à dresser différentes tables en fonction de leur rang, ainsi qu’un café ou cabaret leur proposant des boissons tout au long de la journée.
La recherche agronomique et la révolution agricole de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle : l’exemple de la prairie
Authors: Béranger Claude , Lacombe Philippe
Published: February 2015

L’exemple de la prairie, objet de recherche et de valorisation par les éleveurs, permet de montrer comment l’Inra et les dispositifs d’encadrement technique de l’agriculture ont joué un rôle majeur dans les évolutions de l’agriculture et de l’élevage au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle. L’article met en évidence les moments d’alternatives et de choix technologiques et leurs déterminants. Il identifie trois grandes ruptures. La première est celle de l’essor des technologies nouvelles fondées sur le progrès scientifique et technique La deuxième, amorcée dans les années soixante-dix rompt avec la vision analytique, normative et descendante de la science vers les acteurs utilisateurs du progrès. La troisième rupture résulte de la contestation de la modernisation agricole par une fraction notable de la société qui modifie les visions et produit de nouvelles normes pour le développement agricole.
Exertional Heat Stroke in Navy and Marine Personnel: A Hot Topic
Authors: Goforth Carl W. , Kazman Josh B.
Published: February 2015

Although exertional heat stroke is considered a preventable condition, this life-threatening emergency affects hundreds of military personnel annually. Because heat stroke is preventable, it is important that Navy critical care nurses rapidly recognize and treat heat stroke casualties. Combined intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors can quickly lead to heat stroke if not recognized by deployed critical care nurses and other first responders. In addition to initial critical care nursing interventions, such as establishing intravenous access, determining body core temperature, and assessing hemodynamic status, aggressive cooling measures should be initiated immediately. The most important determinant in heat stroke outcome is the amount of time that patients sustain hyperthermia. Heat stroke survival approaches 100% when evidence-based cooling guidelines are followed, but mortality from heat stroke is a significant risk when care is delayed. Navy critical care and other military nurses should be aware of targeted assessments and cooling interventions when heat stroke is suspected during military operations. (Critical Care Nurse. 2015;35[1]:52–59)
Death in Long-term Care: A Brief Report Examining Factors Associated with Death within 31 Days of Assessment
Authors: Brink Peter , Kelley Mary Lou
Published: February 2015

Introduction

The ability to estimate prognosis using administrative data has already been established. Research indicates that residents newly admitted to long-term care are at a higher risk of mortality. Studies have also examined mortality within 90 days or a year. Focusing on 31 days from assessment was important because it appears to be clinically useful for care planning in end-of-life; whereby, greater utility may come from identifying residents who are at risk of death within a shorter time frame so that advance care planning can occur.

Purpose

To examine risk of mortality within 31 days of assessment among long-term care residents using administrative health data.

Methods

Administrative data were used to examine risk of mortality with in 31 days of assessment among all long-term care residents in Ontario over a 12-month period. Data were provided by the Canadian Institute for Health Information using the Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS), Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), and the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS).

Results

A number of diagnoses and health conditions predict death within 31 days. Diagnoses that hold an increased risk of mortality include pulmonary disease, diagnosis of cancer, and heart disease. Health conditions that lead to an increased likelihood of death include weight loss, dehydration, and shortness of breath. The presence of a fall within the last 30 days was also related to a higher risk of mortality.

Discussion

Long-term care residents who lose weight, have persistent problems with hydration, and suffer from shortness of breath are at particular risk of death. The presence of advanced directives also predicts death within 31 days of assessment.
Beef cattle husbandry practices across Ecoregions of Canada in 2011
Authors: Sheppard S. C. , Bittman S. , Donohoe G. , Flaten D. , Wittenberg K. M. , Small J. A. , Berthiaume R. , McAllister T. A. , Beauchemin K. A. , McKinnon J. , Amiro B. D. , MacDonald D. , Mattos F. , Ominski K. H.
Published: February 2015

Sheppard, S. C., Bittman, S., Donohoe, G., Flaten, D., Wittenberg, K. M., Small, J. A., Berthiaume, R., McAllister, T. A., Beauchemin, K. A., McKinnon, J., Amiro, B. D., MacDonald, D., Mattos, F. and Ominski, K. H. 2015. Beef cattle husbandry practices across Ecoregions of Canada in 2011. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 305–321. Beef production in Canada is diverse in many dimensions with numbers of cattle per operation ranging over 10 000-fold, pasture usage from nil to 100%, and types of operations from solely cow–calf to exclusively feedlot finishing. This study summarizes management information obtained from a survey conducted in 2012 (about 2011) on 1009 beef operations in Canada. Many of the results clearly differentiate the practices in the Prairies from those in Ontario and Quebec. Compared to eastern Canada, the Prairies had earlier and shorter calving seasons, higher weaning weights, utilized more winter grazing with a variety of strategies, grew and fed more barley than corn, used more seasonal feeding areas and feedlots (and hence fewer barns), and more commonly spread manure in the fall. Many of the management practices used by cow–calf operations would have low environmental impact, including extensive use of grazing even in winter, low fertilizer inputs and feeding perennial forages with a high content of legumes. Some practices such as not covering forages or manure storage structures were common and could be changed to improve forage quality and reduce manure emissions. Most forage was harvested 3–7 d after full bloom. Earlier harvest has the potential to improve forage quality, which could reduce dependence on arable crops. Finishing operations used more housing, fed more arable-land crops and less perennial forages, and practiced little grazing. Rationale regarding the adoption of many of the management strategies was reported by the producers. For example, winter grazing was adopted primarily to reduce costs and labour, but for some it was also linked to a late calving season. Preferred sources of technical information included their own experience, farm print media, producer organisations and demonstrations at field days. The survey also identified several areas in which the industry may realize improved sustainability.
ACTRIS ACSM intercomparison – Part 2: Intercomparison of ME-2 organic source apportionment results from 15 individual, co-located aerosol mass spectrometers
Authors: Fröhlich R. , Crenn V. , Setyan A. , Belis C. A. , Canonaco F. , Favez O. , Riffault V. , Slowik J. G. , Aas W. , Aijälä M. , Alastuey A. , Artiñano B. , Bonnaire N. , Bozzetti C. , Bressi M. , Carbone C. , Coz E. , Croteau P. L. , Cubison M. J. , Esser-Gietl J. K. , Green D. C. , Gros V. , Heikkinen L. , Herrmann H. , Jayne J. T. , Lunder C. R. , Minguillón M. C. , Močnik G. , O'Dowd C. D. , Ovadnevaite J. , Petralia E. , Poulain L. , Priestman M. , Ripoll A. , Sarda-Estève R. , Wiedensohler A. , Baltensperger U. , Sciare J. , Prévôt A. S. H.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Chemically resolved atmospheric aerosol data sets from the largest intercomparison of the Aerodyne aerosol chemical speciation monitors (ACSM) performed to date were collected at the French atmospheric supersite SIRTA. In total 13 quadrupole ACSMs (Q-ACSM) from the European ACTRIS ACSM network, one time-of-flight ACSM (ToF-ACSM), and one high-resolution ToF aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) were operated in parallel for about three weeks in November and December 2013. Part 1 of this study reports on the accuracy and precision of the instruments for all the measured species. In this work we report on the intercomparison of organic components and the results from factor analysis source apportionment by positive matrix factorisation (PMF) utilising the multilinear engine 2 (ME-2). Except for the organic contribution of m/z 44 to the total organics (f44), which varied by factors between 0.6 and 1.3 compared to the mean, the peaks in the organic mass spectra were similar among instruments. The m/z 44 differences in the spectra resulted in a variable f44 in the source profiles extracted by ME-2, but had only a minor influence on the extracted mass contributions of the sources. The presented source apportionment yielded four factors for all 15 instruments: hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA), cooking-related organic aerosol (COA), biomass burning-related organic aerosol (BBOA) and secondary oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA). Individual application and optimisation of the ME-2 boundary conditions (profile constraints) are discussed together with the investigation of the influence of alternative anchors (reference profiles). A comparison of the ME-2 source apportionment output of all 15 instruments resulted in relative SD from the mean between 13.7 and 22.7% of the source's average mass contribution depending on the factors (HOA: 14.3 ± 2.2%, COA: 15.0 ± 3.4%, OOA: 41.5 ± 5.7%, BBOA: 29.3 ± 5.0%). Factors which tend to be subject to minor factor mixing (in this case COA) have higher relative uncertainties than factors which are recognised more readily like the OOA. Averaged over all factors and instruments the relative first SD from the mean of a source extracted with ME-2 was 17.2%.
Electron density profiles probed by radio occultation of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 at 520 and 800 km altitude
Authors: Liu J. Y. , Lin C. Y. , Tsai H. F.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) will ultimately place 12 satellites in orbit with two launches with 24° inclination and 520 km altitude in 2016 and with 72° inclination and 800 km altitude in 2019. In this study, we examine the electron density probed at the two satellite altitudes 500 and 800 km by means of FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) observations at the packing orbit 500 km altitude and mission orbit 800 km altitude, as well as observing system simulation experiments (OSSE). The electron density derived from 500 and 800 km satellite altitude of the F3/C observation and the OSSE confirm that the standard Abel inversion can correctly derive the electron density profile.
Coupled isotopes of plant wax and hemicellulose markers record information on relative humidity and isotopic composition of precipitation
Authors: Tuthorn M. , Zech R. , Ruppenthal M. , Oelmann Y. , Kahmen A. , del Valle H. F. , Eglinton T. , Zech M.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The δ2H isotopic composition of leaf waxes is used increasingly for paleohydrological and -climate reconstructions. However, it is challenging to disentangle past changes in the isotopic composition of precipitation and changes in evapotranspirative enrichment of leaf water. We analyzed δ2H on n-alkanes and fatty acids in topsoils along a climate transect in Argentina, for which we had previously measured δ18O on plant-derived sugars. Our results indicate that leaf wax biomarker δ2H values (δ2Hlipids) primarily reflect δ2Hsource water (precipitation), but are modulated by evapotranspirative enrichment. A mechanistic model is able to produce the main trends in δ2Hlipids along the transect, but seems to slightly underestimate evapotranspirative enrichment in arid regions and overestimate it in grass-dominated ecosystems. Furthermore, the (i) coupling of the δ2Hlipid and δ18Osugar biomarker results and (ii) application of biosynthetic fractionation factors allows calculating the δ2H-δ18O isotopic composition of leaf water along the transect. This also yields the deuterium excess (d excess) of leaf water, which mainly reflects evapotranspirative enrichment, and can be used to model relative air humidity (RH). The high correlation of modeled (reconstructed based on biomarker results) and measured RH, as well as the good agreement between modeled and actual δ2H and δ18O of precipitation along the transect lends support to the coupled δ2Hlipid and δ18Osugar biomarker approach for future paleoclimate research.
Experimental assessment of environmental influences on the stable isotopic composition of Daphnia pulicaria and their ephippia
Authors: Schilder J. , Tellenbach C. , Möst M. , Spaak P. , van Hardenbroek M. , Wooller M. J. , Heiri O.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. The stable isotopic composition of fossil resting eggs (ephippia) of Daphnia spp. is being used to reconstruct past environmental conditions in lake ecosystems. However, the underlying assumption that the stable isotopic composition of the ephippia reflects the stable isotopic composition of the parent Daphnia, of their diet and of the environmental water have yet to be confirmed in a controlled experimental setting. We performed experiments with Daphnia pulicaria cultures, which included a control treatment conducted at 12 °C in filtered lake water and with a diet of fresh algae, and three treatments in which we manipulated the stable carbon isotopic composition (δ13C value) of the algae, stable oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O value) of the water, and the water temperature, respectively. The stable nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N value) of the algae was similar for all treatments. At 12 °C, differences in algal δ13C values and in δ18O values of water are reflected in those of Daphnia. The differences between ephippia and Daphnia stable isotope ratios were similar in the different treatments (δ13C: + 0.2 ± 0.4‰ (SD); δ15N: -1.6 ± 0.4‰; δ18O: -0.9 ± 0.4‰) indicating that changes in dietary δ13C and δ18O values of water are passed on to these fossilizing structures. A higher water temperature (20 °C) resulted in lower δ13C values in Daphnia and ephippia than in the other treatments with the same food source and in a minor change in the difference between δ13C values of ephippia and Daphnia (to -1.3 ± 0.3‰). This may have been due to microbial processes or increased algal respiration rates in the experimental containers, which may not affect Daphnia in natural environments. There was no significant difference in the offset between δ18O and δ15N values of ephippia and Daphnia between the 12 °C and 20 °C treatments, but the δ18O values of Daphnia and ephippia were on average 1.2‰ lower at 20 °C compared with 12 °C. We conclude that the stable isotopic composition of Daphnia ephippia provides information on that of the parent Daphnia and of the food and water they were exposed to, with small offsets between Daphnia and ephippia relative to variations in Daphnia stable isotopic composition reported from downcore studies. However, our experiments also indicate that temperature may have a minor influence on the δ13C, δ15N and δ18O values of Daphnia body tissue and ephippia. This aspect deserves attention in further controlled experiments.
Real-time setup to record radon emission during rock deformation: implications for geochemical surveillance
Authors: Tuccimei P. , Mollo S. , Soligo M. , Scarlato P. , Castelluccio M.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Laboratory experiments can represent a valid approach to unravel the complex interplay between the geochemical behaviour of radon and rock deformation mechanisms. In light of this, we present a new real-time experimental setup for analyzing in continuum the alpha-emitting 222Rn and 220Rn daughters over variable stress–strain regimes. The most innovative segment of this setup consists of the radon accumulation chamber obtained from a tough and durable material that can host large cylindrical rock samples. The accumulation chamber is connected, in a closed-loop configuration, to a gas-drying unit and to a RAD7 radon monitor. A re-circulating pump moves the gas from the rock sample to a solid-state detector for alpha counting of radon and thoron progeny. The measured radon signal is enhanced by surrounding the accumulation chamber with a digitally controlled heating belt. As the temperature is increased, the number of effective collision of radon atoms increases favouring the diffusion of radon through the material and reducing the analytical uncertainty. The accumulation chamber containing the sample is then placed into an uniaxial testing apparatus where the axial deformation is measured throughout a linear variable displacement transducer. A dedicated software allows to obtain a variety of stress–strain regimes from fast deformation rates to long-term creep tests. Experiments conducted with this new real-time setup have important ramifications for the interpretation of geochemical anomalies recorded prior to volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.
The Polar Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (PolarVPRM): a parsimonious, satellite data-driven model of high-latitude CO2 exchange
Authors: Luus K. A. , Lin J. C.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. We introduce the Polar Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (PolarVPRM), a remote-sensing based approach for generating accurate, high resolution (≥1 km2, three-hourly) estimates of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE). PolarVPRM simulates NEE using polar-specific vegetation classes, and by representing high-latitude influences on NEE. We present a description, validation, and error analysis (first-order Taylor expansion) of PolarVPRM, followed by an examination of per-pixel trends (2001–2012) in model output for the North American terrestrial region north of 55° N. PolarVPRM was validated against eddy covariance observations from nine North American sites, of which three were used in model calibration. PolarVPRM performed well over all sites. Model intercomparisons indicated that PolarVPRM showed slightly better agreement with eddy covariance observations relative to existing models. Trend analysis (2001–2012) indicated that warming air temperatures and drought stress in forests increased growing season rates of respiration, and decreased rates of net carbon uptake by vegetation when air temperatures exceeded optimal temperatures for photosynthesis. Concurrent increases in growing season length at Arctic tundra sites allowed increases in photosynthetic uptake over time by tundra vegetation. PolarVPRM estimated that the North American high-latitude region changed from a carbon source (2001–2004) to sink (2005–2010) to source (2011–2012) in response to changing environmental conditions.
Spatially-distributed influence of agro-environmental factors governing nitrate fate and transport in an irrigated stream-aquifer system
Authors: Bailey R. T. , Ahmadi M. , Gates T. K. , Arabi M.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Elevated levels of nitrate (NO3) in groundwater systems pose a serious risk to human populations and natural ecosystems. As part of an effort to remediate NO3 contamination in irrigated stream-aquifer systems, this study elucidates agricultural and environmental parameters and processes that govern NO3 fate and transport at the regional (500 km2), local (50 km2), and field scales (< 1 km2). Specifically, the revised Morris sensitivity analysis method was applied to a finite-difference nitrogen cycling and reactive transport model of a regional-scale study site in the Lower Arkansas River Valley in southeastern Colorado. The method was used to rank the influence of anthropogenic activities and natural chemical processes on NO3 groundwater concentration, NO3 mass leaching, and NO3 mass loading to the Arkansas River from the aquifer. Sensitivity indices were computed for the entire study area in aggregate as well as each canal command area, crop type, and individual grid cells. Results suggest that fertilizer loading, crop uptake, and heterotrophic denitrification govern NO3 fate and transport for the majority of the study area, while canal NO3 concentration and rates of autotrophic denitrification, nitrification, and humus decomposition dominate or partially dominate in several canal command areas. Also, NO3 leaching and groundwater concentration in adjacent cultivated fields often are governed by different processes and mass inputs/outputs. Results can be used to determine critical processes and key management actions for future data collection and remediation strategies, with efforts able to be focused on localized areas.
Flood and drought hydrologic monitoring: the role of model parameter uncertainty
Authors: Chaney N. W. , Herman J. D. , Reed P. M. , Wood E. F.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Land surface modeling, in conjunction with numerical weather forecasting and satellite remote sensing, is playing an increasing role in global monitoring and prediction of extreme hydrologic events (i.e., floods and droughts). However, uncertainties in the meteorological forcings, model structure, and parameter identifiability limit the reliability of model predictions. This study focuses on the latter by assessing two potential weaknesses that emerge due to limitations in our global runoff observations: (1) the limits of identifying model parameters at coarser time scales than those at which the extreme events occur, and (2) the negative impacts of not properly accounting for model parameter equifinality in the predictions of extreme events. To address these challenges, petascale parallel computing is used to perform the first global-scale, 10 000 member ensemble-based evaluation of plausible model parameters using the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) land surface model, aiming to characterize the impact of parameter identifiability on the uncertainty in flood and drought predictions. Additionally, VIC's global-scale parametric sensitivities are assessed at the annual, monthly, and daily timescales to determine whether coarse-timescale observations can properly constrain extreme events. Global and climate type results indicate that parameter uncertainty remains an important concern for predicting extreme events even after applying monthly and annual constraints to the ensemble, suggesting a need for more accurate prior distributions of the model parameters and improved observations. This study contributes a comprehensive evaluation of land surface modeling for global flood and drought monitoring and suggests paths forward to overcome the challenges posed by parameter uncertainty.
Defects and gas sensing properties of carbon nanotube-based devices
Authors: Baldo S. , Scuderi V. , Tripodi L. , La Magna A. , Leonardi S.G. , Donato N. , Neri G. , Filice S. , Scalese S.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. In this work we report on the development of back-gated carbon nanotube-field effect transistors (CNT-FETs), with CNT layers playing the role of the channel, and on their electrical characterisation for sensing applications. The CNTs have been deposited by electrophoresis on an interdigitated electrode region created on a SiO2/Si substrate. Different kinds of CNTs have been used (MWCNTs by arc discharge in liquid nitrogen and MWCNTs by chemical vapour deposition, CVD) and the electrical characterisation of the devices was performed in a NH3- and NO2-controlled environment. Preliminary data have shown an increase in the channel resistance under NH3 exposure, whereas a decrease is observed after exposure to NO2, and the sensitivity to each gas depends on the kind of CNTs used for the device. Furthermore, the defect formation by Si ion implantation on CNTs was investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman analysis. The behaviour observed for the different devices can be explained in terms of the interaction between structural or chemical defects in CNTs and the gas molecules.
Luminescent determination of nitrite traces in water solutions using cellulose as sorbent
Authors: Nedilko S. G. , Revo S. L. , Chornii V. P. , Scherbatskyi V. P. , Nedielko M. S.
Published: February 2015

Abstract. Morphology and photoluminescence (PL) properties for microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), microcrystalline nitrite powders of common formulae MNO2 (M = Na, K) (MCN) and two-component materials composed of both MCC and MCN have been prepared and characterized by means of optical microscopy and luminescence spectroscopy. This study aimed to clarify a possibility of low-limit determination of the nitrite traces in water solutions by luminescent method.
Math in a Can
Authors: Cupillari Antonella
Published: February 2015

Three assignments focused on the dimensions and shape of tuna cans use geometry, algebra, calculus, three-dimensional thinking, and writing.
Mystical Magic Squares
Authors: Namakshi Nama , Bhattacharyya Sonalee , Starkey Christina , Linker Jeanne-Marie
Published: February 2015

“Math is so boring!” How many times have we heard this statement from our students? As teachers, we are constantly looking for different activities to interest our students in mathematics and to convey the true richness and diversity of the subject.
How to Make the NCAA Tourney
Authors: Colgan Mark
Published: February 2015

Students explore two of the common measures used in selecting and seeding for the NCAA basketball tournament: the RPI (Rating Percentage Index) and the SOS (Strength of Schedule).
Constructing Meaning: Standards for Mathematical Practice
Authors: Bleiler Sarah K. , Baxter Wesley A. , Stephens D. Christopher , Barlow Angela T.
Published: February 2015

Teachers' insights could inspire further discussion about interpreting the SMPs.
Three Strategies for Opening Curriculum Spaces
Authors: Drake Corey , Land Tonia J. , Bartell Tonya Gau , Aguirre Julia M. , Foote Mary Q. , McDuffie Amy Roth , Turner Erin E.
Published: February 2015

Make these small adjustments to your syllabus and watch spaces open to connect to children's multiple mathematical knowledge bases.
Count On It: Congruent Manipulative Displays
Authors: Morin Joe , Samelson Vicki M.
Published: February 2015

Identify and avoid the risks involved in using representations, and use these suggestions to scaffold conceptual congruence.
Enabling Consistency in Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Products for Research and Development and Clinical Applications Through Material Standards
Authors: French Anna , Bravery Christopher , Smith James , Chandra Amit , Archibald Peter , Gold Joseph D. , Artzi Natalie , Kim Hae-Won , Barker Richard W. , Meissner Alexander , Wu Joseph C. , Knowles Jonathan C. , Williams David , García-Cardeña Guillermo , Sipp Doug , Oh Steve , Loring Jeanne F. , Rao Mahendra S. , Reeve Brock , Wall Ivan , Carr Andrew J. , Bure Kim , Stacey Glyn , Karp Jeffrey M. , Snyder Evan Y. , Brindley David A.
Published: February 2015

There is a need for physical standards (reference materials) to ensure both reproducibility and consistency in the production of somatic cell types from human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) sources. We have outlined the need for reference materials (RMs) in relation to the unique properties and concerns surrounding hPSC-derived products and suggest in-house approaches to RM generation relevant to basic research, drug screening, and therapeutic applications. hPSCs have an unparalleled potential as a source of somatic cells for drug screening, disease modeling, and therapeutic application. Undefined variation and product variability after differentiation to the lineage or cell type of interest impede efficient translation and can obscure the evaluation of clinical safety and efficacy. Moreover, in the absence of a consistent population, data generated from in vitro studies could be unreliable and irreproducible. Efforts to devise approaches and tools that facilitate improved consistency of hPSC-derived products, both as development tools and therapeutic products, will aid translation. Standards exist in both written and physical form; however, because many unknown factors persist in the field, premature written standards could inhibit rather than promote innovation and translation. We focused on the derivation of physical standard RMs. We outline the need for RMs and assess the approaches to in-house RM generation for hPSC-derived products, a critical tool for the analysis and control of product variation that can be applied by researchers and developers. We then explore potential routes for the generation of RMs, including both cellular and noncellular materials and novel methods that might provide valuable tools to measure and account for variation. Multiparametric techniques to identify “signatures” for therapeutically relevant cell types, such as neurons and cardiomyocytes that can be derived from hPSCs, would be of significant utility, although physical RMs will be required for clinical purposes.
Essai de synthèse sur les modalités de gestion pédagogique de la diversité chez les élèves
Authors: Bergeron Léna , Vienneau Raymond , Rousseau Nadia
Published: February 2015

Un grand bassin de connaissances issues de la recherche a été publié sur le thème de la gestion pédagogique de la diversité, alors que dans ce domaine, il n’existe pas de consensus scientifique tant les termes diffèrent et les origines des écrits s’inscrivent dans des paradigmes distincts. Pour tenter de s’y retrouver dans les modalités suggérées dans ces écrits, cet article propose une analyse novatrice découlant d’un exercice de comparaison et de regroupement. Une représentation visuelle est suggérée en conclusion afin d’aider le lecteur à avoir une vue d’ensemble de cet essai de synthèse qui, sans être exhaustif, fournit néanmoins une vue représentative de la littérature dans le domaine. Précisons finalement que cette catégorisation n’est que théorique et n’a pas la prétention d’illustrer les pratiques enseignantes en situation qui, elles, sont beaucoup moins catégoriques dans le feu de l’action et face à la diversité des élèves.
Empathie, biais de mentalisation, comportements pro-sociaux et troubles de comportement chez les enfants d’âge scolaire
Authors: Girard Émilie , Terradas Miguel M. , Matte-Gagné Célia
Published: February 2015

La présente étude propose d’examiner les liens entre la capacité d’empathie, les comportements pro-sociaux, les biais de mentalisation et les troubles de comportement (TC) chez les garçons âgés de 7 à 12 ans. Pour ce faire, 51 garçons présentant divers niveaux de TC et leurs parents ont participé à la recherche. Les enfants ont rempli des questionnaires autoadministrés concernant l’empathie et les biais de mentalisation. Pour leur part, les parents ont rempli des questionnaires relatifs à l’empathie, aux comportements pro-sociaux et aux TC manifestés par leurs enfants. Les résultats démontrent que les biais de mentalisation négatifs et les comportements pro-sociaux prédisent 24,5 % de la variance des TC. La capacité d’empathie quant à elle serait une variable médiatrice entre les comportements pro-sociaux et la présence des TC. Les résultats de la recherche permettront d’ajuster les programmes de prévention des TC et les interventions offertes aux enfants d’âge scolaire présentant ces troubles.
El jaciment de Sant Joan de Nepomucé (La Serratella, La Plana Alta, Castelló)
Authors: Roman Monroig Didac
Published: February 2015

En aquest treball es presenta l’estudi de la indústria lítica recuperada en el jaciment de Sant Joan de Nepomucé (La Serratella), on l’excavació duta a terme l’any 1999 va posar en evidència que es tracta d’un jaciment de superfície sense nivells arqueològics estratificats. Tot i així, l’elevat nombre de materials recollits i la seua coherència tipològica permeten adscriure’l a l’Epimagdalenià antic. Els materials recuperats s’analitzen al seu context regional i es reflexiona sobre la validesa dels jaciments lítics de superfície.
Un santuario rural romano en Montesa, comarca de La Costera, Valencia
Authors: Pascual Berlanga Guillermo , Jardón Giner Paula
Published: February 2015

Este estudio se centra en un yacimiento localizado en la partdida de El Canari de Montesa, en la comarca de La Costera, Valencia. Allí se han encontrado una serie de estructuras y niveles arqueológicos que pueden ser asimilados a un santuario rural romano en uso desde la segunda mitad del siglo II a.C. hasta mediados de siglo I d.C. Asimismo, en su entorno, se han encontrado otras estructuras relacionadas con el abancalado de campos para el cultivo.
Estudio de una lucerna romana inédita hallada en Burriana (Castellón)
Authors: Cabrera Garcia Alicia
Published: February 2015

La lucerna fue hallada en el año 2007 en una excavación de urgencia realizada en el yacimiento arqueológico del Marjalet, situado en el municipio de Burriana, en la costa de la provincia de Castellón. Esta lucerna se enmarca en la tipología Loeschcke IC de gran importancia comercial durante la época Neroniana-Flavia. Se trata de una lucerna de volutas en cuya parte central muestra una escena decorativa con la imagen del ser mitológico Pegaso y en su base de forma incisa presenta la inscripción P.A
Inscripciones romanas de Paterna, Valencia y Riba-roja de Túria (Territorium de Valentia, Hispania Citerior)
Authors: Abascal Palazón Juan Manuel , Cebrián Fernández Rosario
Published: February 2015

Presentamos en estas páginas once nuevas inscripciones romanas sobre diversos soportes, que han aparecido en la última década en diferentes excavaciones en localidades próximas a Valencia y en la propia ciudad, todas ellas dentro del territorium de la antigua Valentia.
¿Rasgos púnicos en los santuarios ibéricos? Religión e identidad en la Contestania central
Authors: García Cardiel Jorge
Published: February 2015

Desde antes de la llegada de los ejércitos bárquidas, en el sureste peninsular se constata un fuerte influjo cultural púnico, que entre otras cosas se materializa en el campo de las manifestaciones religiosas. Este influjo ha servido a algunos autores para argumentar la presencia e intervención de gentes púnicas en la zona desde el s. IV a.C. Sin embargo, a través de los ejemplos de los templos de la Illeta dels Banyets (Campello, Alicante) y el santuario de la Serreta de Alcoi (Alcoy, Alicante), interpreto estas aparentes anomalías como materializaciones de discursos identitarios que aprovechan el medio cultural híbrido propio de un middle ground colonial para obtener unos determinados fines políticos y económicos.
100 años de arqueología funeraria en el estrecho de Gibraltar: Nuevas investigaciones en la necrópolis de Baelo Claudia (Tarifa, Cádiz)
Authors: Prados Martínez Fernando , García Jiménez Iván , Jiménez Vialás Helena
Published: February 2015

En este trabajo abordamos el estudio de la necrópolis oriental de Baelo Claudia (Tarifa, Cádiz) a partir de los trabajos arqueológicos y de interpretación de las antiguas intervenciones que llevamos a cabo desde la Universidad de Alicante. Asimismo, junto con los resultados de la última excavación, se plantean nuevas lecturas sobre el paisaje funerario, la religiosidad y  la etnicidad, así como sobre la tipología monumental y los ajuares.
Radiocarbono y estadística Bayesiana: aportaciones a la cronología de la Edad del Bronce en el extremo oriental del sudeste de la península Ibérica
Authors: Jover Maestre Francisco Javier , López Padilla Juan Antonio , García-Donato Layrón Gonzalo
Published: February 2015

La investigación arqueológica desarrollada en lasúltimas décadas ha permitido evaluar que en los valles de los ríos Segura yVinalopó se dirimió el contacto entre dos sociedades de la Edad del Bronce dela península Ibérica: el grupo Argárico y el grupo del Prebético Meridional Valenciano.Las excavaciones realizadas en tres yacimientos de este ámbito –Terlinques,Cabezo Pardo y Cabezo Redondo– y las dataciones de radiocarbono obtenidaspermiten por primera vez evaluar la diacronía del proceso histórico queenvolvió el desarrollo de ambos grupos arqueológicos a lo largo del II mileniocal BC, así como determinar diversos momentos socialmente significativos en sudevenir histórico. Para ello se ha construido un modelo estadístico de tipo Bayesianoque incorpora a la estimación de las fechas calibradas la información de loscontextos y la estratigrafía de las que fueron obtenidas.