bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostically study of the Digestive system Helminthes
Authors: Jassim A.N. , Al-Kuttan I.A. , Mahmoud A.J
Published: May 2024

A total of 247 specimens of the Mallard were collected from Baghdad city and kut City and 154 specimens the collection was started from October1999
Effect of frequency Chirp on the black and gray solitions
Authors: Al-Dabagh Samar.Y.
Published: May 2024

the behavior of the first-order black and gray solitons propagtedin optical fiber in the presence of frequency chirp is studied analytically and numerically results show that phase profile of black solitons changes abruptly
The structural and mechanical properties of ion beam
Authors: Al-Ani S.K.J. , Al-Dabagh J.B. , Al-Ani T.K. , Al-Ani A.A
Published: May 2024

the structrual and mechanical properties of thin Ni films of different thicknesses deposited on coring glass substrate using lonbeam sputtering(IBS) technique under vacuum torr have been studied the TEM and electron
Mixtures of beeswax and paraffin their importance in bee culture and their role
Authors: Kaddou Ibrahim Qadori , Al-Horani Kifah A.
Published: May 2024

Proved the validity of all mixtures or not to accept the bees and then resistant infection worm wax Minor has accepted honey bee colonies all mixtures beeswax with paraffin wax industrial all ratios used made ??of a mixture to DVD waxy full and used naturally in breeding Houdnth In store honey and pollen evendiversified Bravian and natural wax
Study the effectiveness of crude aqueous extract of the chamomile plant in uterine contractions and miscarriage in mice eggs
Authors: Hayawi Rasmia Morad , Faaiz Sebba , Hosain Faiq
Published: May 2024

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Following growth in the amount of organizations and winning some quality attributes of pomegranate cultivars Salimi and narrators of seedless
Authors: Karomi Moshtaq Faraj , Jomaa Faroq Faraj
Published: May 2024

The research was conducted in the Department of Horticulture College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad for two seasons 1999-2000 on cultivars pomegranate Salimi and narrators seedless to study the effect of growth regulators in the amount of winning and some qualities included experience 9 transactions and three replicates per treatment used experience global Dhant design sectors full randomization carried out transactions in the two datesfirst at the onset of flowering and the second after 70 m results showed superior product Salimi Rawa
some properties of the nonscillatory solutions of second order
Authors: Mahmood Adil , Mohamad Hussain A. , Tawfiq Najlaa I
Published: May 2024

in this paper the second order neutral differential equations are incestigated are were we give some new suffucient conditions for all nonoscillatory
using collocation method for solving differential equations with time lag
Authors: Fadhel Fadhel S. , Marie Nadia K.
Published: May 2024

in this paper the collocation method will be solve ordinary differential equations of retarted arguments also some examples are presented in order to illustrate this approach
The reasons for the failure of Bishara CO2 compressor belonging to Southern Fertilizer Company
Authors: Yasien Samer Khader , Al-Kawaz Moneer Abdul-Wahed
Published: May 2024

In this research study failed Annunciation No. 10 for the fourth phase of the pressure of carbon dioxide of the company for Southern Fertilizers and repeated the failures more than once for the same gospel was a detailed study of the gospel included a series tests for properties Mechanical and Structural addition to the tests microscopic and scanning electron microscope shows m This study parameters and a failure Elal well as the existence of an old internal cracks in the metal of the Annunciation
studies of human interferon a B and Y activities on diffrent cell
Authors: Ahmad Abdullatif Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Human interferon as is the case in all kinds of interferon has complex effects but all share their impact on preventing the proliferation of viruses and preventing or reducing human Alantervjørn conversion occurs if the cell is in preventing the growth of the virus when interferon Balnmstqubl connects
Analysis of curved optical absolute visual fates of super colony of Type II (SN II)
Authors: Holy Araa Msber
Published: May 2024

Were analyzed curved optical fates Almarchih absolute colony of the binary type, the Great Palmstqrh using mathematical relationships derived for that and that gave us the results closer to the results of the observed spectral Great Colonial
synthesis and studies of mixed-Ligand complexes of some transition Elements
Authors: Al-Hashimi Saedia M. , Al-Joboori Mohean E. , Al-Azawi Shayma A.S
Published: May 2024

I've been in this work to prepare some complexes containing mixed Kandat with some transitional elements which new complexes according to the best of our knowledge and to refer to the information from the Internet until I have been studying this diagnosis Aalmakdat
Estimation of Bladder pressure by using poiseuilles equation
Authors: Al-Dorrie F.N.
Published: May 2024

Equation Boizil used to Oatae approximate value of bladder pressure for 25 healthy people compared with Amqas the Alrotinahh ways used an indirect the catheter Bashaddam and found this method is cheap and harmless and easy
Simole matimatical technique in leaser cavity design and manufacturing
Authors: N,Mohammed Akram , Anter Faik H.
Published: May 2024

In this research design was treated gap laser mathematically and practically Bashaddam model Raasi simple and new and we have found that there is a good match in the practical and theoretical results
Influence of alcoholic extract crude fenugreek seeds on fertility in male mice eggs
Authors: Al-Robaie Enaam Alii Slman , Al-Obaidi Sabah AbdulRedah , Hayawi Rasmia Morad
Published: May 2024

These dust designed to identify the extent of the impact of alcohol Almstkhalss saponin from fenugreek seeds on fertility in male mice eggs by tracking some physiological changes and tela that may occur to some members of the device Altcatherthe
Quantitative and qualitative assessment of the basic components and effective in Acol plant
Authors: Al-Jomaily Essam Fadel , Al-Zaidy Mohammed Khaled Taha , Al-Salami Firyal
Published: May 2024

Key components estimated in Acol total plant leaves and the results were as follows plant Acol humidity 72%
Mechanical properties of epoxy-polyurethane polymer blends
Authors: Al-Rawi Kh.R. , Yousif R.H. , Najem T.S
Published: May 2024

Configured binary polymer blends of epoxy and Polyurethane was chosen varying proportions of these materials led to the production of homogeneous mixtures of Althermust Althermust and descent was poured polyurethane models required in the form of 4 mm thick plates
Some Immunological Parameters Paraw in Women with vaginal candidiasis
Authors: Majeed Hadeel A. , Jassim Amna Nsyif , Habib Khalid A.
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to know some Immune responses in women with vaginal candidias is by Candidia species. Hemoglubin (Hb) was decreased significantly in patient women comparing with control group. The differential count of Blood cells revealed that neutrophils and monocytcs were increased significantly in patient women comparing with control group. The percentage of the Phagocytosis index was decreased significantly in patient women (66.45 + 15.05) comparing with control group (73.72 + 3.77) and the T- lymphocytes were decreased also in patient women (57.75 + 18.787) comparing with control group (74.25 + 7.759).
Analysis of the comparative evaluation of efficacy of three different loops for bodily protraction of mandibular molar – a finite element analysis
Authors: Mehta Aditi , Shah Alap , Prasad Anisha , Jani Bharvi , Shah Kinnari , Kulkarni Anirudh , Chantarapanich Nattapon , Inglam Samroeng , Marya Anand
Published: May 2024

Objectives
This study aimed to compare three different loops (T loop, Cherry loop, and Open helical loop) and optimal tip back angle (10°, 15°, 20°) for protraction of mandibular second molar using Finite Element Model (FEM).
Materials and Methods
A CBCT scan of a 20-year-old patient was recorded. It was converted into a CAD file and then into a FEM. A FEM model developed was used to find out the efficacy of the loops and optimal tip-back angles. Displacement of the molar was measured at four reference points: the mesiobuccal cusp, distobuccal cusp, mesial root, and the distal root of the first molar.
Results
No significant difference was seen in the displacement for all three loops. At a 10° angle, there was more mesial tipping (5.9°) and molar extrusion. At a 15° angle, there was less mesial tipping (2.9-3°) and no changes in the vertical plane. At a 20° angle, there was bodily movement and intrusion of molars.
Conclusions
All three loops are equally effective in the protraction of mandibular molar. A 15° tip back angle was most effective in protracting the mandibular molar as only a negligible amount of mesial tipping of the molar was seen, and there was no extrusion or intrusion of the molar, thus maintaining the occlusal plane.
Clinical Relevance:
Loop mechanics are preferred over the use of power chains as these help maintain better control over the molar position during protraction. Loops are very effective at avoiding mesial tipping and extrusion of molars during mesialization to close spaces.
Foxk1 promotes bone formation through inducing aerobic glycolysis
Authors: Peng Songlin , Liu Chungeng , Feng Naibo , Wang Zhenmin , Zheng Kangyan , Xie Yongheng , Wang Hongyu , Li Zhizhong , Long Houqing
Published: May 2024

Transcription factor Foxk1 can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and promote skeletal muscle regeneration and cardiogenesis. However, the roles of Foxk1 in bone formation is unknown. Here, we showed that the expression of Foxk1 decreased in the bone tissue of aged mice and osteoporosis patients. Knockdown of Foxk1 in primary murine calvarial osteoblastssuppressedosteoblast differentiation and proliferation. Conditional knockout of Foxk1 in preosteoblasts and mature osteoblasts in mice exhibited decreased bone mass and mechanical strength due to reduced bone formation.Mechanistically, we identified Foxk1 targeted the promoter region of many genes of glycolytic enzyme by CUT&Tag analysis. Lacking of Foxk1 in primary murine calvarial osteoblasts resulted in reducing aerobic glycolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis by 2DG hindered osteoblast differentiation and proliferation induced by Foxk1 overexpression. Finally, specific overexpression of Foxk1 in preosteoblasts, driven by a preosteoblast specific osterix promoter, increased bone mass and bone mechanical strengthof aged mice, which could be suppressed by inhibiting glycolysis. In summary, these findings reveal that Foxk1 plays a vital role in the osteoblast metabolism regulation and bone formation stimulation, offering a promising approach for treating osteoporosis in the elderly.
Perceptions of Undergraduate Students towards Utilization of Clinical Simulation in Teaching and Learning in Rural Universities in Uganda: A Mixed method study
Authors: Adongo Pamella Rosset , Epuitai Joshua , Oboth Paul , Apili Felister , Kumakech Edward , Owusu-Sekyere Samuel , Wandabwa Julius N.
Published: May 2024

Background: Simulation is a new pedagogical method in Africa that underscores the need to operationalize it and generate context-specific scholarship regarding clinical simulation in Africa. Despite the superior learning outcomes of using simulation in medical education, its use in developing countries is often limited, compounded by limited scholarship on simulation especially relevant to an African context. The research aimed to explore perceptions surrounding the use of simulation among undergraduate students.
Methods: A mixed method convergent parallel design was used in which both the quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed currently to explore the perception of the undergraduate students towards the use of clinical simulation in teaching and learning. The quantitative approach assessed the perception of the students on a five-point Likert from strongly disagree to strongly agree scale while the qualitative approach employed a focused group discussion to explore the perception of the students in regards to clinical simulation. Quantitative data was analyzed using Stata Version 17. Qualitative results were analyzed through thematic analysis by Brauna and Clark.
Results: 298 participants were recruited into the study. The mean age of the participants was 27 years with a standard deviation of 5.81 years. The majority 152(51.01%) of the participants were males. Most 111(37.25%) of the participants were pursuing Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. The grand mean of the perception scores of the students towards the use of simulation in clinical teaching was 3.875269 ±0.5281626. The participants strongly agreed that it is incredibly helpful to have someone who works in the field debrief with them after completing a scenario and their overall perception towards this was high (Mean =4.65241±0.6617337).
Conclusion
This exploratory study revealed that medical, nursing, and midwifery students from the rural Universities of Busitema and Lira demonstrated a positive perception of the use of clinical simulation in teaching and learning. The results conclude that simulations help students better understand concepts in clinical settings, provide them with valuable learning experiences, and help them stimulate critical thinking abilities. Further, the participants perceive simulation to be realistic, and knowledge gained could be transferred to the clinical areas.
Fluorescence visualization of endoplasmic reticulum Carboxylesterase in living cells with a small-molecule probe
Authors: Zha Jun , Xiong Nanqian , Wang Meixia , Chen Lanfang , You Ganhua , Liu Jun
Published: May 2024

Specific molecular probes for reporting of CEs activity and pH are very rare in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Herein, a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe for sensing endogenous CEs in ER was proposed and synthesized particularly. The methylfluorescein was selected as a new fluorogenic substrate exhibited excellent sensing properties, such as good membrane permeability, biocompatibility, photostability and low toxicity, considering the higher binding ability and elimination efficiency. In addition, with organelle targeting unit, the probe possessed ER-targeting ability and could be applied for the imaging of CEs level changes in cancer cells. Notably, all of these findings suggest that the probe holds potential advantages for further applications in biosystems in the future.
Impact of inflammatory response in the acute phase of COVID-19 on predicting objective and subjective post-COVID fatigue
Authors: Péron Julie , Nuber-Champier Anthony , Breville Gautier , Voruz Philippe , de Alcântara Isabele Jacot , Lalive Patrice , Allali Gilles , Benzakour Lamyae , Braillard Olivia , Nehme Mayssam , Coen Matteo , Serratrice Jacques , Reny Jean-Luc , Pugin Jérôme , Guessous Idris , Landis Basile , Assal Frédéric , Peron Julie
Published: May 2024

The biological predictors of objective and subjective fatigue in individuals with post-COVID syndrome remains unclear. This study aims to ascertain the predictive significance of the immune response measured during the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection on various dimensions of fatigue 6–9 months post-infection. We examined the association between immune markers obtained from the serum of 54 patients (mean age: 58.69 ± 10.90; female: 31%) and objective and subjective chronic fatigue using general linear mixed models. Level of IL-1RA, IFNγ and TNFα in plasma and the percentage of monocytes measured in the acute phase of COVID-19 predicted physical and total fatigue. Moreover, the higher the concentration of TNFα (r=-0.40 ; p = .019) in the acute phase, the greater the lack of awareness of cognitive fatigue 6–9 months post-infection. These findings shed light on the relationship between acute inflammatory response and the persistence of both objective and subjective fatigue.
Distribution of spinal damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis as assessed by MRI: a prospective and blinded study
Authors: Haidmayer Andreas , Adelsmayr Gabriel , Spreizer Christopher , Klocker Eva Valentina , Quehenberger Franz , Fuchsjaeger Michael , Thiel Jens , Hermann Josef
Published: May 2024

Background
Axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) leads to structural bone lesions in every part of the vertebral column. These lesions are only partially visualized on conventional radiographs omitting posterior parts of the vertebral column and the thoracic spine. We therefore evaluated the distribution of structural bone lesions which are partly responsible for immobility and impaired function of the spine in patients with axial SpA based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods
In this prospective and blinded investigation, we assessed the distribution of structural spinal bone lesions using MRI in patients with axial SpA classified according to the Assessment in Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria of axial SpA. After clinical examination, collection of data of spinal mobility and function two blinded radiologists independently evaluated MRIs of 23 vertebral units of the spine in every patient. Non-parametric statistical methods and Spearman‘s correlation was used to analyze lesion distribution and the relationship with clinical spinal mobility and function parameters.
Results
In 55 patients with axial SpA (13 females, average disease duration 14.9 years) 657 ventral and 139 dorsal vertebral body structural bone lesions and, notably, 534 facet joint lesions could be visualized. The median number of lesions per patient was higher in the thoracic (8.5, range 1.0–41.0) than in the lumbar (7.5, range 0.0-27.5) and the cervical spine (3.5, range 0.0-24.5); each with p < 0.005. A negative correlation was noted between the number of osteoproliferative structural bone lesions and impairment of spinal mobility and function.
Conclusion
This MRI-based study revealed a high prevalence of structural bone lesions in dorsal parts of the vertebral column and in the thoracic spine of axial SpA patients that are not adequately visualized on conventional radiographs. These findings may further contribute to a better understanding of reduced mobility of the spine typically associated with axial SpA and may support rheumatologists with the diagnosis.
A Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Oncogenic Role of Transcription Factor 3 in Human Tumors
Authors: Chen Yawen , Gao Yunhe , Qiao Zhi
Published: May 2024

Background: It has been proposed that transcription factor 3 (TCF3) is involved in the development of lymphocytic malignancies. However, no systematic pan cancer analysis has been conducted, and the role of TCF3 in human cancer prognosis and immunology is still largely unknown.
Methods: Here, we use TCGA (cancer genome map), GEO (gene expression synthesis) dataset, human protein map (HPA) and some bioinformatics tools to explore the role of TCF3 in 33 tumor types.
Results: We evaluated the expression of TCF3 in tumors. We found that for tumors with high expression of TCF3, such as Adrenocortical carcinoma, Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma, Liver hepatocellular carcinoma, Mesotellioma, Prostate adenocarcinoma and Sarcoma, the overexpression of TCF3 usually indicates poor OS. We also evaluated the mutation load of TCF3 in cancer and TCF3 related survival rate of cancer patients, and compared the phosphorylation of TCF3 in primary tumors and normal tissues. In conclusion, from the comprehensive pan cancer analysis of TCF3, we found that there was a significant statistical correlation between the expression of TCF3 and the clinical prognosis, protein phosphorylation, immune cell infiltration, pan cancer immune subtypes and molecular subtypes, tumor mutation burden or microsatellite instability of a variety of human cancers.
Conclusions: TCF3 may be a potential prognostic and immune biomarker of pan cancer. In addition, TCF3 may be a new target for tumor immunotherapy.
Repeatability and Consistency of Multispectral Refraction Topography in School Children Before and After Cycloplegia
Authors: Xu Xiaoli , Zang Wansheng , Wang Anken , Yang Chenhao
Published: May 2024

Background
To evaluate the repeatability and consistency of multispectral refraction topography (MRT) in measuring retinal refraction before and after cycloplegia in children.
Methods
Children aged 7 to 18 years old were recruited in this prospective research. The central and peripheral retinal refraction were measured three times using multispectral refraction topography (MRT) before and after cycloplegia. The retinal deviation value (RDV) was used to describe retinal refraction. In addition, objective refraction (OR) and subjective refraction (SR) measurements were also performed.
Results
A total of 60 children with mean age of 10.50 ± 1.81 years were enrolled. Before cycloplegia, all the central and peripheral retinal refraction parameters showed good repeatability (lowest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.78 in RDV 45–53). After cycloplegia, the repeatability of MRT was significantly enhanced (lowest ICC = 0.91 in RDV-I). The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) of the central refraction and OR ranged from − 2.1 to 1.8 D before cycloplegia, and from − 1.69 to 0.27 D after cycloplegia. The 95% LoA of the central refraction and SR ranged from − 1.57 to 0.36 D after cycloplegia. All the 95% LoA showed high consistency.
Conclusions
MRT shows high consistency with autorefractometry, experienced optometrist in measuring central refraction. In addition, MRT provides good repeatable measurements of retinal peripheral refraction before and after cycloplegia in schoolchildren .
Colour Brightness Recognition of Extremely Severe Amblyopia Children in Indoor Environment
Authors: GU Yan , LI Yuhang , Zhu Xiaodong
Published: May 2024

This study examined the impact of indoor lighting conditions and distances on color recognition in visually impaired children. A total of ten participants from a special education school were selected to identify the brightness of five colors under varying lighting(natural and artificial) and distance conditions(3 m and 5 m). Each color was presented at six different brightness levels, which were classified into three groups: low brightness, standard brightness, and high brightness. The participants were instructed to identify the top three brightness levels they considered most attractive, with each rating assigned a weighted score. The findings indicated that: (1) Visually impaired children are able to recognize color brightness in both natural and artificial lighting situations. In indoor settings, the low-brightness group demonstrated superior recognition abilities compared to the high-brightness group. The purple did not exhibit a clear pattern, as colors from the high-brightness, low-brightness, and standard-colour groups were all preferred. (2) A significant difference was observed in the brightness recognition of visually impaired children at distances of 3 m and 5 m. Recognition of low-brightness colors improved with distance, in contrast to high-brightness scores, which declined. Nevertheless, no significant variation was observed in the perception of green with distance changes.
Association of Fear of Falling and Low Physical Activity with Fall Risk among Older Taiwanese Community-dwellers
Authors: Tsai Yih-Jian , Sun Wen-Jung , Yang Yi-Ching , Wei Mei-Yu
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose
Fear of falling and low physical activity become prevalent in an aged society, but their association with fall risk warrants further investigation.
Methods
Our study involved 600 individuals aged 70.8–96.1 years who completed two rounds of community surveys. During the second survey, we analyzed the correlations between fall incidents and a range of factors, including age, sex, gait maneuverability, vision, comorbidity count, depressive symptoms, cognitive function, history of falls, fear of falling, and physical activity level. The chi-square test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used, with further analyses either adjusted for or stratified by the full-factor combinations of fear of falling (with versus without) and low physical activity (low versus moderate-to-high).
Results
Falls exhibited a prevalence rate of 13.8%. A fall risk gradient by the full-factor combinations was observed. Multivariate logistic regression modeling identified independent risk predictors for falls, including the number of comorbidities, depressive symptoms, a history of falls, and fear of falling. Fear of falling and low physical activity presented a synergistic effect to increase the fall risk by two- and one-third times (adjusted odds ratio: 2.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.13–4.83). Depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, and a history of falls remained as significant risk predictors for older adults with both factors, those with fear of falling only, and those with neither, respectively, when the models were further stratified.
Conclusion
Fear of falling and low physical activity presented likely synergism to increase the fall risk. Those older community-dwellers with both risk factors warrant fall prevention resources as a priority over those with either or neither.
Availability of mental health care and mental health disorders in Brazil
Authors: De Boni Raquel B. , Mota Jurema Correa da , Alves Julio Castro , de Oliveira Ricardo A. Dantas , Baldez Daniel Prates , Silva Pedro L. D. Nascimento , Bastos Francisco Inacio , Kapczciznki Flavio
Published: May 2024

Purpose We aimed to describe the prevalence of 12-month reported MHD and evaluate associations with availability mental health (MH) care in Brazil.Methods Data from a nationwide probability survey (n = 16,273) and from the National Registry of Health Services have been analyzed. The main outcomes were 12-month reported diagnosis/treatment for anxiety, depression, and severe MHD. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the associations of the rates of psychiatrists, outpatient MH services (CAPS) and primary health care services (PHC) with the outcomes.Results The overall prevalence of anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia were 15.5% (95%CI:14.4–16.6), 7.3% (95%CI:6.6–7.9), 1.0% (95%CI:0.8–1.3), and 0.4% (95%CI 0.3–0.5), respectively, with lower prevalences observed in less developed macroregions. The rate of psychiatrists varied from 1.52 (North) to 12.26 (South)/100,000 inhabitants, the rate of CAPS from 1.52 (North) to 2.72 (Northeast), and the rate of PHC from 26.12 (Southeast) to 52.25 (Northeast). Individuals living in regions with higher rates of psychiatrists and PHCs were more likely to report anxiety and depression, while those living in regions with higher rates of CAPS were more likely report severe MHD.Conclusion The distribution of services mirrors the emphasis on PHC and CAPS to enhance equity within the Brazilian Universal Health System. However, diagnostic and treatment rates remain elevated in regions with larger psychiatrist presence. Addressing information gaps is imperative to optimize MH policies and resources allocation.
Impact of pectin dietary supplementation on experimental food allergy via gut microbiota modulation
Authors:   , Steigerwald Hanna
Published: May 2024

In recent years, dietary fibers gained focus in regard of their immune-modulatory effects and the potentially beneficial effect on allergies. The dietary fiber and prebiotic pectin is able to promote growth and activity of beneficial bacteria and thereby induce modulation of different immune responses. However, structurally different types of pectin might promote different immune-modulatory responses and to date the optimal pectin type for induction of beneficial health effects is not identified. Furthermore, it is still unclear, whether pectins provide a beneficial effect on certain allergies, such as food allergy. Having this in consideration, this study examined the immune-modulatory effects of structurally different pectins on naive as well as peach allergic mice. Furhtermore, the impact of dietary pectin supplementation on composition and diversity of the murine gut microbiota was determined. This study showed that dietary pectin intervention was able to suppress allergy-related Th2 responses considering humoral and cellular immune responses. Only apple-derived high-methoxyl pectin revealed an impact on total IgA levels and affected the microbial richness. Furthermore, it is not known whether the effects observed with the two pectins are caused by modulations of the bacterial composition or induced at least partly by direct interaction with the immune cells. Further studies are required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the immune-modulatory capacities of different pectins. Finally, the obtained results generated evidence that dietary pectin intervention can beneficially modulate the immune response in healthy mice and – at least partially – suppress allergy-related immune responses in a model of food allergy, depending on the structural characteristics of the used pectin.
Henkinen muuri. Suomalaisvenäläiset kirjallisuussuhteet 1800–1930
Authors: Huttunen Tomi
Published: May 2024

Finnish-Russian Literary Relations 1800-1930 Current volume examines Finnish-Russian literary contacts that have not been thoroughly studied previously – the translation and reception history of Russian literature in Finland, and Finnish literature in Russia from 1800 until 1930. Personal contacts have influenced the decisions of what to translate and by whom more than the evident European context of Russian literature. In Finland, the relationship with Russia and attitudes to its literature have always been a political issue. Hostile relations have meant a remarkable decrease in translations, but maintained active discussion of Russian culture. During more friendly times, the inquisitive interest has increased and led to more intensive translation activities. However, since the early days of Finnish literature, only few intellectuals have known Russian well enough to translate literature into Swedish or Finnish. Consequently, translating has been highly dependent on individual mediators, often with a transnational identity.
KADIN İŞGÜCÜNE KATILIM ORANI İLE DOĞURGANLIK HIZINDAKİ DEĞİŞİMİN SOSYAL GÜVENLİK SİSTEMİNE ETKİSİ: PROJEKSİYON ANALİZİ
Authors: Toker Bünyamin , Şahin Hasan
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmada öncelikle kadının işgücü piyasasındaki durumu ile doğurganlık hızı kavramı incelenmiş; AB, OECD ve BRICS üyesi ülkelerde 1990-2021 dönemi arasında kadın işgücüne katılım oranı ile doğurganlık hızları karşılaştırılmıştır. 2004-2021 döneminde Türkiye için her iki gösterge arasında Pearson Korelasyon testi yapılmış olup, kadın işgücüne katılım oranı ile doğurganlık hızı arasında %1 hata payı ile anlamlı, güçlü ve negatif yönlü bir ilişki gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın devamında TÜİK’in 2018-2080 dönemini kapsayan nüfus projeksiyonu kullanılarak iki farklı senaryo oluşturulmuş ve sosyal güvenlik sisteminin aktüeryal dengesi aktif/pasif oranı üzerinden incelenmiştir. Birinci senaryoda doğurganlık hızı değişimi izlenerek diğer değişkenler sabit tutulmuştur. İkinci senaryoda ise ilk senaryodan farklı olarak hem kadınlarda hem de erkeklerde kayıt dışı istihdam oranının azalacağı, kadın işgücüne katılım oranının artarak 2080 yılında OECD ortalamasına yakınsayacağı ve kadın istihdamının azalan kayıt dışı istihdam oranı ile uyumlu olarak artacağı varsayılmıştır. İki farklı senaryoya göre projeksiyon analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve Türkiye’de sosyal güvenlik sisteminin karşılaşabileceği riskler açığa çıkarılmıştır. Her iki analizde de temel doğurganlık hızlarında 2080’e kadar aktif/pasif oranının düşerek aktüeryal dengenin bozulduğu, buna karşın birinci senaryoda yüksek doğurganlık hızında aktif/pasif oranının nispeten düşük doğurganlık hızına göre daha yüksek olduğu (sırasıyla 1,06 ve 0,88) sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İkinci senaryoda ise kadın işgücüne katılım oranının artması ve kayıt dışı istihdamın azalışı ile aktif/pasif oranının yüksek ve düşük doğurganlık hızlarında sırasıyla 1,21 ve 1,01 olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Identificação de madeiras comerciais tropicais por espectrofotometria UV-VIS
Authors: Machado Aline Cardoso Silva , Gouvêa Adriana de Fátima Gomes , Côrrea Jonas de Souza , Salmazzo Gustavo Ruivo
Published: May 2024

O mercado madeireiro requisita cada vez mais conhecimento acerca do material utilizado, principalmente, para que não ocorra sub ou superestimação da qualidade e aplicações dos produtos obtidos, além dos erros de nomenclatura na identificação científica de espécies durante a sua comercialização. A Espectrofotometria de Absorção Molecular na Região do Ultravioleta-Visível (UV-VIS) surge nesse contexto, como uma tecnologia passível de aplicação visando a determinação de compostos orgânicos e inorgânicos presentes nas madeiras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma técnica rápida de identificação de espécies madeireiras, por meio da avaliação da variabilidade existente nos picos das absorbâncias dos extrativos solubilizados em água, obtidos das varreduras espectrais realizadas em espectrofotômetro UV-VIS. Foram analisadas seis espécies tropicais comerciais (Myracrodryon urundeuva, Cedrela fissilis, Pterodon sp., Tabebuia sp., Bowdichia virgilioides, Anandenanthera sp.) e uma exótica (Corymbia citriodora). Para o estudo foram utilizados dois grupos distintos: Madeiras velhas - madeiras expostas as intempéries, com idade superior 20 anos; e Madeiras novas - madeiras recém cortadas, com idade inferior a 10 anos. Foram obtidos os extrativos das madeiras solubilizados em água e por meio da espectrofotometria UV-VIS, obtiveram-se as absorbâncias. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que, independentemente da idade, tempo de corte e/ou exposição às intempéries, os compostos químicos presentes nos extrativos do cerne da madeira das mesmas espécies analisadas, apresentaram os mesmos picos característicos de absorbância nos comprimentos de onda da faixa UV-VIS para cada espécie, o que torna possível a identificação da madeira de forma qualitativa e quantitativa.
Respond, Recovery, and Renew Strategies in Strengthening Competitiveness of Cooperatives After COVID-19 Pandemic in West Java
Authors: Rismayani Risris , Wahyuningtyas Ratri , Disastra Ganjar
Published: May 2024

The recent economic slump due to the COVID-19 pandemic causes major problems for cooperatives in West Java in maintaining their business activities. The pandemic significantly impacts the cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Thus, developing strategies for cooperatives to recover, respond, and renew the issue becomes increasingly necessary. The research sought to contribute by developing alternative strategy recommendations for cooperatives in West Java, Indonesia. By doing so, it generated a competitive advantage in the post-pandemic industry. The research data were obtained through two main sources. Primary data came from Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities involving cooperative stakeholders in West Java, consisting of cooperative managers, academicians, media, and government. Secondary data were taken from previous research. The collected data were analyzed using the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT analysis) approach to produce strategic recommendations visualized on the SWOT Matrix and categorized into Respond, Recovery, and Renew strategies. The results show five strategy alternatives to exploit opportunities with the cooperatives’ strengths (SO strategy). Seven strategy alternatives were identified to overcome the cooperatives’ weakness with external opportunities (WT). There are six strategy alternatives to anticipate external threats using cooperatives’ strengths (ST). Last, seven strategy alternatives are found to overcome both cooperatives’ weaknesses and external threats.
The Influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Disclosure on Firm Value: An Asymmetric Information Perspective in Indonesian Listed Companies
Authors: Angir Putri , Weli Weli
Published: May 2024

The research explored how Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure impacted company value, with information asymmetry as the mediator. Data collection involved content analysis of sustainability and annual reports, supplemented by market data, including quarterly stock prices collected immediately after the publication of the sustainability report. The measurement for ESG disclosure used the index scoring method with disclosure indicators based on technical guidelines from SEOJK No. 16 of 2021. Meanwhile, measuring information asymmetry applied the bid-ask spread formula, and company value employed the approximate Tobin's Q formula. Then, market data utilized quarterly stock prices taken in the period immediately after the sustainability report was published to observe market reactions reflected in stock price movements. The population consisted of public companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2021, with purposive sampling by selecting only companies that provided information relevant to ESG indicators. Data collection resulted in 286 analysis units from 109 companies. Using SPSS 27.0 and the Hayes Macro process for path analysis, the findings indicate that ESG disclosure has no impact on information asymmetry. Similarly, information asymmetry does not affect firm value or mediate the relationship between ESG disclosure and firm value. However, it should be noted that ESG disclosure has a negative impact on company value. The novelty of the research lies in the use of instruments to assess the quality of ESG disclosure and the utilization of information asymmetry as a mediator between ESG disclosure and company value.
Advancing rapid urban flood prediction: a spatiotemporal deep learning approach with uneven rainfall and attention mechanism
Authors: Shao Yu , Chen Jiarui , Zhang Tuqiao , Yu Tingchao , Chu Shipeng
Published: May 2024

Urban floods pose a significant threat to human communities, making its prediction essential for comprehensive flood risk assessment and the formulation of effective resource allocation strategies. Data-driven deep learning approaches have gained traction in urban emergency flood prediction, addressing the efficiency constraints of physical models. However, the spatial structure of rainfall, which has a profound influence on urban flooding, is often overlooked in many deep learning investigations. In this study, we introduce a novel deep learning model known as CRU-Net equipped with an attention mechanism to predict inundation depths in urban terrains based on spatiotemporal rainfall patterns. This method utilizes eight topographic parameters related to the height of urban waterlogging, combined with spatial rainfall data as inputs to the model. Comparative evaluations between the developed CRU-Net and two other deep learning models, U-Net and ResU-Net, reveal that CRU-Net adeptly interprets the spatiotemporal traits of rainfall and accurately estimates flood depths, emphasizing deep inundation and flood-vulnerable regions. The model demonstrates exceptional accuracy, evidenced by a root mean square error of 0.054 m and a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.975. CRU-Net also accurately predicts over 80% of inundation locations with depths exceeding 0.3 m. Remarkably, CRU-Net delivers predictions for 3 million grids in 2.9 s, showcasing its efficiency.
Exploring Edible Insects: A Review on Protein Diversity, Extraction Techniques, and Health Benefits
Authors: Mittal Ravi K. , Krishna Gaurav , Sharma Vikram
Published: May 2024

This study investigates whether edible insects may be used as a sustainable protein
source. This study covers insect proteins, their defatting process and extraction, health advantages,
economic and environmental impacts, safety considerations, and regulatory aspects.
This review also investigates the ecological benefits of insect farming and consumer acceptance
of this dietary trend. A systematic search of the pertinent literature was conductedto collect data
for this review. Current research examines the effects of using edible insects as functional, sustainable
reservoirs of proteins, including protein screening, extraction methods, health benefits,
and social recognition. The varied isolation techniques considerably affect protein amount and
quality. . This review clarifies the broad spectrum of proteins in edible insects, particularly their
nutritional importance and effective extraction methods. The viability of insects as a sustainable
source of protein is highlighted by the safety considerations and the interaction of economic and
ecological considerations with complex consumer characteristics.
Diagnostic Value of X-Map Images Reconstructed by Plain Dual-Energy
Computed Tomography Scans in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Cui Yongsheng , Gong Weiyi , Duan Shuhua , Ji Guanming , Wang Yuqi , Wu Xuehui , Shi Hongfeng
Published: May 2024

Objective::

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of X-Map reconstruction based on Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT) in acute
ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods::

Sixty-six cases of suspected AIS patients hospitalized from November, 2021 to April, 2022 were retrospectively selected. DECT, Computed
Tomography Perfusion imaging (CTP), Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA), and MRI were all performed within 24 hours after symptom
onset. As the gold standard for diagnosing AIS, a total of 53 patients were diagnosed with AIS based on the diffusion-weighted imaging positive
results in MRI. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of AIS among X-Map, CTP, and CTA.

Results::

In the 53 patients with confirmed ASI, a total of 72 lesions were detected, including in the frontal lobes (n=33), parietal lobes (n=7), temporal lobes
(n=12), basal ganglia regions (n=12), thalamus (n=3), and pons (n=5). The case detection rate of X-Map for AIS was similar to that of CTP
(p=0.151) but was significantly higher than that of CTA (p<0.001). In terms of diagnostic efficacy, among the total 66 patients enrolled, X-Map
achieved a higher diagnostic sensitivity (85%) than CTP and CTA. However, CTP achieved the best diagnostic specificity (84.6%) and diagnostic
accuracy (77.4%) among the diagnostic tools used.

Conclusion::

X-Map provides a better or equal clinical value for the diagnosis of AIS as compared to CTA and CTP, respectively, highlighting its potential in
clinical applications.
In Silico Discovery and Predictive Modeling of Novel Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Treatment
Authors: Suha Humaera Noor , Hossain Md. Shamim , Rahman Shofiur , Alodhayb Abdullah , Hossain Md. Mainul , Kawsar Sarkar M. A. , Poirier Raymond , Uddin Kabir M.
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease, akin to coronary artery disease of the heart, is a progressive
brain disorder driven by nerve cell damage. Method: This study utilized computational
methods to explore 14 anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) derivatives (1 ̶ 14) as potential treatments.
By scrutinizing their interactions with 11 essential target proteins (AChE, Aβ, BChE, GSK-3β,
MAO B, PDE-9, Prion, PSEN-1, sEH, Tau, and TDP-43) and comparing them with established
drugs such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine, and rivastigmine, ligand 14 emerged as notable.
During molecular dynamics simulations, the protein boasting the strongest bond with the critical
1QTI protein and exceeding drug-likeness criteria also exhibited remarkable stability within the
enzyme's pocket across diverse temperatures (300 ̶ 320 K). In addition, we utilized density functional
theory (DFT) to compute dipole moments and molecular orbital properties, including assessing
the thermodynamic stability of AChE derivatives. Result: This finding suggests a welldefined,
potentially therapeutic interaction further supported by theoretical and future in
vitro and in vivo investigations. Conclusion: Ligand 14 thus emerges as a promising candidate in
the fight against Alzheimer's disease.

objective:

By scrutinizing their interactions with 11 essential target proteins (1GOS, 1H8F, 1IYT, 1QLX, 1QTI, 2KR6, 2MZ7, 4BDS, 4G2J, 5AKX, and 5MRG) and comparing them with established drugs such as donepezil, galantamine, memantine, and rivastigmine, ligand 14 emerged as notable. During molecular dynamics simulations, the protein boasting the strongest bond with the critical 1QTI protein and exceeding drug-likeness criteria also exhibited remarkable stability within the enzyme's pocket across diverse temperatures (300 ̶ 320 K). In addition, we utilized density functional theory (DFT) to compute dipole moments and molecular orbital properties, including assessing the thermodynamic stability of AChE derivatives. This finding suggests a well-defined, potentially therapeutic interaction further supported by theoretical and future in vitro and in vivo investigations. Ligand 14 thus emerges as a promising candidate in the fight against Alzheimer's disease.
Elucidating the Signaling Pathways Involved in Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Kaya-Sezginer Ecem , Celik Aybuke , Kirlangic Omer Faruk
Published: May 2024

Background:

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual disorder among men
aged 20 years and over. It is predominantly characterized by alterations in the key physiological
pathways regulating erectile function, such as nitric oxide and Ras homolog gene family member
A (RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK). Beyond these pathways, multiple molecular
signaling networks are involved in ED pathogenesis.

Objective:

This review aims todescribe the major signal transduction pathways that impact erectile
function and contribute to the introduction of the pathogenesis of ED.

Methods:

A literature review of ED was performed from 2000 to 2023 using PubMed, Scopus,
and Embase. “ED” and “related signaling pathway”, “molecular mechanisms” terms were used.

Results:

Further basic and clinical studies are required to define the underlying molecular mechanisms
of ED. The signaling pathways that were not affected by phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
(PDE5i) may be the reason for the reduced efficacy of this first-line treatment option in
a variety of conditions.

Conclusion:

There is still a need for a deeper description of the molecular mechanisms in terms
of fibrosis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and hypoxia to
identify new possible targets underlying the pathogenesis of ED. This comprehensive review
expounds on the principal signaling pathways, offering valuable insights that may catalyze the
development of innovative and enhanced therapies for managing ED.
Indoor Localization and Path Planning of Mobile Disinfection and Epidemic Prevention Robot
Authors: Su Wei , Qin Tao , Wang Jia , Wen Jingyang
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

In response to the challenge of autonomous localization and navigation
for mobile disinfection robots in unknown environments during the COVID-19 pandemic based on
the existing patent technology of mobile robots, a localization and navigation approach combining
the Cartographer-Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm, an improved A* algorithm,
and the Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) has been proposed, enabling effective disinfection
and prevention work.

Method:

First, a comprehensive analysis of two laser SLAM algorithm frameworks, Gmapping-
SLAM and Cartographer-SLAM, was conducted, which determined the Cartographer algorithm as
the optimal SLAM algorithm for the mobile disinfection robot due to its superior performance. Second,
an improved A* algorithm was developed based on its principles and integrated with the
DWA algorithm for optimal path planning.

Result:

Simulation and prototype experiments demonstrated that the proposed approach effectively
solved the autonomous localization and navigation challenges faced by mobile disinfection robots
in unknown environments, enabling successful disinfection and prevention tasks.

Conclusion:

The proposed approach has the potential to lead to new patent applications in this
field.