bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Model Development and Validation Study
Authors: Luo Xiao-Qin , Kang Yi-Xin , Duan Shao-Bin , Yan Ping , Song Guo-Bao , Zhang Ning-Ya , Yang Shi-Kun , Li Jing-Xin , Zhang Hui
Published: January 2023

Background

Cardiac surgery–associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a major complication following pediatric cardiac surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The early prediction of CSA-AKI before and immediately after surgery could significantly improve the implementation of preventive and therapeutic strategies during the perioperative periods. However, there is limited clinical information on how to identify pediatric patients at high risk of CSA-AKI.

Objective

The study aims to develop and validate machine learning models to predict the development of CSA-AKI in the pediatric population.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients aged 1 month to 18 years who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass at 3 medical centers of Central South University in China. CSA-AKI was defined according to the 2012 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Feature selection was applied separately to 2 data sets: the preoperative data set and the combined preoperative and intraoperative data set. Multiple machine learning algorithms were tested, including K-nearest neighbor, naive Bayes, support vector machines, random forest, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and neural networks. The best performing model was identified in cross-validation by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Model interpretations were generated using the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method.

Results

A total of 3278 patients from one of the centers were used for model derivation, while 585 patients from another 2 centers served as the external validation cohort. CSA-AKI occurred in 564 (17.2%) patients in the derivation cohort and 51 (8.7%) patients in the external validation cohort. Among the considered machine learning models, the XGBoost models achieved the best predictive performance in cross-validation. The AUROC of the XGBoost model using only the preoperative variables was 0.890 (95% CI 0.876-0.906) in the derivation cohort and 0.857 (95% CI 0.800-0.903) in the external validation cohort. When the intraoperative variables were included, the AUROC increased to 0.912 (95% CI 0.899-0.924) and 0.889 (95% CI 0.844-0.920) in the 2 cohorts, respectively. The SHAP method revealed that baseline serum creatinine level, perfusion time, body length, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss were the top 5 predictors of CSA-AKI.

Conclusions

The interpretable XGBoost models provide practical tools for the early prediction of CSA-AKI, which are valuable for risk stratification and perioperative management of pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Glycemic Outcomes and Feature Set Engagement Among Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Users With Type 1 or Non–Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes: Retrospective Analysis of Real-World Data
Authors: Dowd Robert , Jepson Lauren H , Green Courtney R , Norman Gregory J , Thomas Roy , Leone Keri
Published: January 2023

Background

The benefits of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) are well established for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the usage and effectiveness of RT-CGM in the context of non–insulin-treated T2D has not been well studied.

Objective

We aimed to assess glycemic metrics and rates of RT-CGM feature utilization in users with T1D and non–insulin-treated T2D.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed data from 33,685 US-based users of an RT-CGM system (Dexcom G6; Dexcom, Inc) who self-identified as having either T1D (n=26,706) or T2D and not using insulin (n=6979). Data included glucose concentrations, alarm settings, feature usage, and event logs.

Results

The T1D cohort had lower proportions of glucose values in the 70 mg/dl to 180 mg/dl range than the T2D cohort (52.1% vs 70.8%, respectively), with more values indicating hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia and higher glycemic variability. Discretionary alarms were enabled by a large majority in both cohorts. The data sharing feature was used by 38.7% (10,327/26,706) of those with T1D and 10.4% (727/6979) of those with T2D, and the mean number of followers was higher in the T1D cohort. Large proportions of patients with T1D or T2D enabled and customized their glucose alerts. Retrospective analysis features were used by the majority in both cohorts (T1D: 15,783/26,706, 59.1%; T2D: 3751/6979, 53.8%).

Conclusions

Similar to patients with T1D, patients with non–insulin-treated T2D used RT-CGM system features, suggesting beneficial, routine engagement with data by patients and others involved in their care. Motivated patients with diabetes could benefit from RT-CGM coverage.
Preferences of Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders Regarding the Timing and Channel of eHealth and Factors Influencing Its Use: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: van der Ven Jeffrey , van den Bemt Bart J F , van Dijk Liset , Opdam Merel , Haegens Lex L , Vriezekolk Johanna E , Verhoef Lise M
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Implementation of eHealth is progressing slowly. In-depth insight into patients’ preferences and needs regarding eHealth might improve its use.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe when patients want to use eHealth, how patients want to communicate and receive information digitally, and what factors influence the use of eHealth in clinical practice.

METHODS

A multimethod study was conducted. Two meetings of ~5.5 hours with plenary information sessions and focus groups were held with 22 patients from the rheumatology, orthopedics, and rehabilitation departments of a Dutch hospital specialized in musculoskeletal disorders. Assignments were performed during the focus groups in which qualitative (eg, semistructured interview questions) and quantitative (ie, voting and ranking factors) data were collected.

RESULTS

The way patients want to use eHealth varies between patients and moments of a patient’s care pathway. Patients’ digital channel preferences depended on the need for interaction with a health care provider (HCP). The interaction need is in turn influenced by the degree to which information or communication is specific to an individual patient and leads to consequences for the patient. The 5 most important factors influencing the use of eHealth were access to medical information (eg, electronic health records), perceived control over disease management, correctness and completeness of information, data security, and access to information or an HCP at any time. The 5 least important factors influencing eHealth use were help with using digital devices, having internet or equipment, digital skills, attitude or emotions toward eHealth, and societal benefits.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients identified opportunities for using eHealth during all moments of their care pathway. However, preferences for eHealth varied between patients and phases in the care pathway. As a consequence, eHealth should be tailored to fit individual patients’ preferences but also the need for interaction regarding different topics by offering a variety of digital channels with a gradient of interaction possibilities. Furthermore, digital skills and access to the internet might become less important to focus on in the future. Improving eHealth use by patients may be achieved by providing patients access to correct and safe (medical) information and more control over their care.
A Deep Learning Approach To Identifying Risk Factors Associated With Lower Back Pain In Electronic Medical Record Free Text (Preprint)
Authors: Katz Alan , Jaiswal Aman , Nesca Marcello , Milios Evangelos
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Lower back pain is a common weakening condition that affects a large population. It is a leading cause of disability and lost productivity, and the associated medical costs and lost wages place a significant burden on individuals and society. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) have opened new opportunities for the identification and management of risk factors for lower back pain. In this paper, we propose and train a deep learning model on a dataset of clinical notes that have been annotated with relevant risk factors, and we evaluate the model's performance in identifying risk factors in new clinical notes.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective is to develop a novel deep learning approach to detect risk factors for underlying disease in patients presenting with lower back pain in clinical encounter notes. The secondary objective is to propose solutions to potential challenges of using deep learning and NLP techniques for identifying risk factors in EMR free text and make practical recommendations for future research in this area.

METHODS

We manually annotated clinical notes for the presence of six risk factors for severe underlying disease in patients presenting with lower back pain. Data was highly imbalanced, with only 12% of the annotated notes having at least one label. To address imbalanced data, a combination of semantic matching and regular expressions was used to further capture more notes to annotate. Further analysis was conducted to study the impact of down-sampling, binary formulation of multi-label classification and unsupervised pre-training on classification performance. Lastly, the proposed BERT-based model was compared using original BERT baselines for detecting lower back pain risk factors.

RESULTS

Of 2350 clinical notes labeled, 347 had at least one label, while 2402 had no labels. Down-sampling the training set to equalize the ratio of clinical notes with and without risk factors improved the average AUC by 21% for the BERT baseline. The proposed BERT-based model performed 3% better than the BERT baseline in multi-task learning. Unsupervised pre-training using causal language modeling on clinical notes can further improve performance by 1%.

CONCLUSIONS

Primary care clinical notes are likely to require manipulation to perform meaningful free-text analysis. The application of BERT Transformer models for multi-label classification on down-sampled annotated clinical notes is useful in detecting risk factors suggesting an indication for imaging for patients with lower back pain.
How Valid Are Cortisol and Galvanic Skin Responses in Measuring Student Stress During Training? Comment on the Psychological Effects of Simulation Training (Preprint)
Authors: Sonawane Urvi , Kasetti Pragna
Published: January 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Bridging the Gap in Biomedical Engineering Education by Integrating Local Context (Preprint)
Authors: Quon Stephanie , Zheng Katherine
Published: January 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Biomedical engineering is a rapidly growing field that combines principles from engineering and the life sciences to address medical and biological problems. However, there is a significant gap between health and engineering in biomedical engineering education, which can lead to a lack of understanding and collaboration between health and engineering professionals, limiting the development and implementation of practical solutions. To address this gap, there is a need for more integration of health and engineering in biomedical engineering programs concerning local context. By integrating these disciplines more closely with local environments, regulations, challenges, and barriers, biomedical engineering students can better understand the intersection between medicine and engineering in their current environment and how engineers can use their skill set to improve health care and medical technology.
A bibliometric analysis on research hot spot and publication trends on immunotherapy for cervical cancer: Correspondence (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Ailin , Zou Dan
Published: January 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Cervical cancer (CC) ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality among cancers in women globally, indicating that this cancer remains a heavy burden worldwide despite the development and application of prophylactic HPV vaccines and effective screening and early detection methods. Radical surgery and radiation therapy can achieve a good prognosis for early-stage cervical cancers. However, the efficacy of the current treatment modalities is unsatisfactory for advanced and recurrent cervical cancers, resulting in poor survival outcomes. Immunotherapy for advanced and recurrent cervical cancer patients is a promising approach. Numerous articles on these immunotherapy strategies have been published since 2010, but nothing is known about their research trends. In the era of information explosion, it is exceptionally time-consuming, energy-consuming, and inefficient to screen these numerous, uneven, and scattered publications. Bibliometric analysis that relies on an artificial intelligence-based algorithm can solve this problem well and help us quickly understand the hot spots and trends in a particular field. It can comprehensively offer a quantitative and statistical analysis of publications in specific areas， analyze the development of a discipline, and intuitively understand frontier trends by presenting numerous data in the form of knowledge maps. CreateSpace and VOSviewer are web-based Java applications for data analysis and visualization that are frequently used in bibliometric software. However, a little metrological literature study has been done on cervical cancer patients. In this study, we try to pinpoint research hot spots and trends through an integrative analysis of pertinent data from articles published globally between 2002 and 2022.
Unveiling the Prognostic Potential of Predictive Indices in Childhood Acute Leukemia using Artiﬁcial Intelligence Techniques: Results from 10 years of Hospital Information System Data (Preprint)
Authors: Cheng Zhangkai J. , Li Haiyang , Liu Mingtao , Liu Li , Liang Zhiman , Song Zhenfeng , Gan Hui , Sun Baoqing
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Childhood leukemia is one of the most prevalent forms of pediatric cancer and occurs in two forms; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Prompt treatment of these ailments has been shown to significantly improve the survival rate of children afflicted with acute leukemia.

OBJECTIVE

In an effort to develop an early and comprehensive predictor of hematologic malignancy in children.

METHODS

we studied nutritional markers, key indicators of leukemia, and granulocytes in the patient's blood. Applying a machine learning algorithm and ten indices, our team analyzed 826 pediatric patients with ALL and 255 children with AML, comparing them with a control group of 200 healthy children.

RESULTS

The study uncovered noteworthy distinctions between boys and girls, as well as the relationship between blood biochemical markers. Through the use of a random forest model, we achieved an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.950 for the prediction of leukemia subtypes, and an AUC of 0.909 for the prediction of AML.

CONCLUSIONS

This research provides an efficient and auxiliary diagnostic tool for the early screening of childhood blood cancers, and demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence in modern healthcare.
Design and Improvement of  lessons for Foreign Undergraduates by Demand Analysis
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Koo Bong-gon
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to propose a lesson improvement plan for  considering the level and requirements of foreign undergraduates.
Methods To this end, at the beginning of the semester, the educational priorities were identified by measuring the required and current levels of foreign undergraduate students majoring in Korean language and literature at Korean universities. Then, by applying this priority, the current level of the learners was measured again after the class was conducted for one semester.
Results First of all, we reviewed the contents of the Korean course and the prior research, and selected the educational goals and contents of the  class for foreign undergraduates. At the beginning of the semester, the current and necessary levels of foreign undergraduates were investigated and the requirements and educational priorities were extracted. Reflecting these results, classes were designed and applied to classes by increasing the proportion of “late medieval literature” and “middle-modern transition literature classes.”
Conclusions A survey of the current level and recognition level at the end of the semester confirmed that the level of understanding and recognition of education has increased. Finally, based on the class examples and the results of the questionnaire, a plan to improve the class for foreign undergraduates was presented.
The mediating effect of career decision-making autonomy in the relationship between social support perceived by college students and career decision self-efficacy
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Koo Hyun -Joo , Moon Hyuk-Jun
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify the mediating effect of career decision autonomy in the relationship between social support, career decision autonomy, career decision self-efficacy variables perceived by college students, and social support perceived by college students and career decision self-efficacy.
Methods For this study, 285 college students at universities in the metropolitan area were surveyed. The collected data were descriptive statistics and correlation analysis with SPSS 22.0, and a 3-step multi-regression analysis and sobel test by Baron and Kenny (1986) were performed to verify the mediating effect of career decision-making autonomy.
Results First, the analysis of the correlation between the social support, career decision-making autonomy, and career decision self-efficacy perceived by college students showed a significant static correlation between all the variables. Second, the social support perceived by college students had an effect on career decision-making self-efficacy and had a positive effect on career decision-making autonomy. Third, in the effect of social support perceived by college students on career decision self-efficacy, career decision-making autonomy showed a partial mediating effect. Based on the above research, it is suggested that college students in career decision-making situations need confidence to feel that they can successfully solve the challenges facing career decision-making.
Conclusions Perceiving social support to enhance college students' career decision self-efficacy. We intend to provide basic data to promote career decision-making autonomy.
The mediating effects of Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy on Relation between Parental Career-related Behaviors Perceived by high school students and Career Preparation Behavior
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Bang Huiwon
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of career decision self-efficacy in the relationship between parent career-related behaviors and career preparation behaviors perceived by high school students.
Methods Correlation analysis was conducted using SPSS Ver. 26 to identify the relationship between parental career-related behaviors, career decision self-efficacy, and hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to verify the mediating effect of career-determining self-efficacy.
Results First, there is a significant correlation between career support, career decision self-efficacy, and career preparation among parental career-related behaviors. Second, career decision self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between career support and career preparation behavior of parent career-related behaviors.
Conclusions This means that improving career decision self-efficacy is very important to effectively promote career preparation behavior of high school students. In order to do this, practical support is needed for career curriculum, program planning, and parental education related to career including career decision self-efficacy and customized career counseling considering aptitude and interest.
Analyzing the Verbal Interaction Patterns of Zoom-based Reading Discussions from the Perspective of Interthinking
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Sea Mikyung , Jung Okryun
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out how interthinking conditions emerged in zoom-based real-time reading discussion of elementary school students.
Methods Of the 10 sessions of zoom-based real-time reading discussion conducted at the J Children's Library in J-gu, Seoul, verbal interaction of the 2nd, 6th, 8th, and 10th class were recorded, transcribed and analyzed qualitatively and quantitativey to the criteria of conditions for forming Interthinking Development Zone.
Results The basic rules for forming Interthinking Development Zone were not explicitly provided. And the teacher-led cumulative talk and the characteristics of contextualization were more or less formulated. The speech to promote interthinking was used voluntarily by teachers and had impact on students. But the teacher-led conversation were dominantly appeared in this situation.
Conclusions As conditions for successful Interthinking formation in zoom-based real-time reading discussion, basic rules for interaction agreed upon by the participants, various forms of cumulative talking and listening using online tools, and capability for contextualization are prepared by all learners and teachers.
A Study on the Perception Analysis of Future Education through Big Data
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Ga-Hyung
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study was conducted to identify the perception of future education and to suggest directions for future education.
Methods For this purpose, online big data was collected based on the keywords of ‘future education’. The analysis of emotional was perforrmed using the collected data. and the data were analyzed by refining/morphology analysis, then text mining, matrix analysis, discourse analysis. The big data collection of future education be done through portals SNS. it was done by Naver, Daum, Google, YouTube and Twitter. The period was 21,617 data from March 2020 to March 2022 to investigate the public's perception of future education after COVID-19 pandemic.
Results As a result of this study, the words with high frequency of future education based on the order of education, future, future education, creativity, school, student, convergence, operation, research, and curriculum. As a result of checking the frequency of simultaneous appearance, future-education, creativity-fusion, talent-training, convergence-education, convergence-talent, program-development, education-program, education-class, future-talent, research-purpose have been arranged. The words with high frequency in the document were education, future education, future, creativity, students, schools, research, convergence, operation, and curriculum. The words with high connection center with their future education were education, future education, school, future, student, creativity, operation, progress, convergence, and curriculum.
Conclusions The recognition of future education through big data analysis should be mainly conducted in schools to train students with creative and convergent talents, and it should be studied for the purpose of program development and education program.
An analysis of the levels of cognitive demand and questioning types in textbook tasks: focused on grade 5 and 6 mathematics textbooks
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Eun Jung
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study were to analyze the levels of cognitive demand and questioning types in textbook tasks presented in grade 5 and 6 mathematics textbooks.
Methods In order to do this, grade 5 and 6 mathematics textbooks in the revised 2015 curriculum were selected and the levels of cognitive demand and questioning types, answer types, and response types in the textbook tasks were analyzed. In addition, types of sub-questions in high-level tasks were also analyzed.
Results The results of this study showed that in both grade 5 and 6 mathematics textbooks the percentage of tasks requiring mathematical reasoning was the highest and the percentage of problem solving tasks was the lowest, and the percentage of high-level tasks was considerably low. Also, the analysis of types of sub-questions of high-level tasks showed that the percentage of reasoning questions were the highest, followed by the percentage of factual questions.
Conclusions The results indicate that the increase of opportunities to learn to develop students’ mathematical thinking is necessary by implementing tasks requiring a variety of the breadth and depth of cognitive complexity evenly. It also suggests that attention should be paid not to lower the cognitive level of the task when constructing the sub-questions of high-level mathematical task.
The Moderating Effects of Ego-Resiliency on the Relationship between School-Stress and Depression of High School Girl Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Seo Hyun Young
Published: January 2023

Objectives The Purpose of This study is to verify the moderating effect of ego resilience on the relationship between school stress and depression in high school girl students.
Methods For this purpose, a questionnaire was conducted targeting first and second graders of humanities high school located in U city Korea, and 303 copies were used for the final statistical analysis. For the collected data, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed for each variable using the SPSS 22.0 statistical program, and the moderating effect was verified using Process Macro for SPSS V3.5 Model 1.
Results First, school stress (r=.757, p<.001) showed a positive correlation with depression, and between ego resilience (r=-.449, p<.001) and school stress, ego resilience (r=-.415, p<.05) and depression showed a negative correlation. Second, it was confirmed that ego elasticity acts as a moderating variable in the relationship between school stress and depression in high school girls students(β=-.245, p<.001). It was found that the regression coefficient of the interaction term by school stress and ego resilience had a negatively significant relationship.
Conclusions This study is meaningful in that it provided a basis for developing and utilizing counseling and education programs for enhancing self-resilience by examining the moderating effect of ego resilience in the relationship between school stress and depression in high school girl students.
Strategic exploration for integrated operation of swimming and survival swimming curriculum
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim DoHyeong
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study seeks to strategically explore the rationale for the integrated operation of swimming and survival swimming within the physical education curriculum by identifying the operating conditions and problems of the swimming and survival swimming curriculum.
Methods To this end, a literature study was conducted to analyze and understand the relevant curriculum and laws, educational manuals, and previous studies.
Results The swimming curriculum is operated due to the inconsistency between the curriculum and the manual within the regular subject, the burden of teachers in conducting practical classes, etc., and the survival swimming curriculum due to the burden of conducting compulsory education as a non-specialty subject, and the teacher's non-professionalism in the subject. It was identified as the actual situation and problems.
Conclusions We propose as additional policies related to operation through the establishment of clear achievement standards for each stage and grade of swimming and survival swimming curriculum within the physical education curriculum of elementary and secondary schools, reorganization of the standard curriculum, and enhancement of the professionalism of the education subject.
A content analysis study on perceptions of infants and children’s rights in care-giving teachers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Sun Hyoung , Yoo Soo Kyung
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine care-giving teacher’s perception of infant and children’s rights.
Methods To achieve the purpose, a survey with open-ended questions was conducted with 159 care-giving teachers. The data collected were 263 cases related to human rights and 262 cases related to infant and children’s rights. The survey result was analyzed with wordcloud analysis method on R-program, and the specific significant categories were obtained.
Results The result of this study was as following; First, human rights is categorized into six types by meaning; basic human rights, result of effort, life itself, duty as a human, basic prerequisites, conditions of a two-sided nature. Second, infant and children’s rights is categorized into six types by meaning; object of human rights, respect as a play owner, efforts to fully enjoy rights, support according to developmental specificity, respect for individual personality, ideal state of rights.
Conclusions Based on these findings, this study suggests implication for the infant and children’s rights and understanding on infant and children’s rights in early childhood education.
The Moderated Mediation Effect of Person-Environment Fit Among Job Autonomy, Occupational Self-efficacy and Proactive Career Behavior
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Eunbin
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the moderated mediation effect person-environment fit on relationship among job autonomy, occupational self-efficacy, and proactive career behavior for enterprising career development of office worker.
Methods For this purpose, the online survey was conducted to demonstrate the research questions for total of 505 participants working at the ten different industry sectors in Korea. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and moderated mediation was conducted with SPSS program 24. and Process Macro 4 and 59.
Results Following are the major results of this study. First, occupational self-efficacy was partially mediated between job autonomy and proactive career behavior. Second, a moderating effect of person-environment fit was found on the relationship between job autonomy and occupational self-efficacy. Third, person-environment fit had a positively moderated mediating effect between job autonomy and proactive career behavior in the full mediation of occupational self-efficacy.
Conclusions These result means that the proactive career behavior of office worker with high level of job autonomy was more strongly affected by person-environment fit than with low level of job autonomy. Thus, the interactive effect of environment and personal resource is the important which improve the proactive career behavior. This study discussed the essential strategies for experience man to enhance their career development as well as the employability.
A Study on Vertical Articulation between Practical Statistics and Elementary Statistics of University
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Heo Jeong Yeon , Yoon Young Joo
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purposes of this study are to study vertical articulation between practical statistics and elementary statistics of the University and to provide the implication of development of subjects for statistics.
Methods The vertical articulation between practical statistics and elementary statistics of university are studied based on Song et. al(1991)’s criterion such as repetition, development and gap.
Results As a result of studying vertical articulation, the ratios of repetition and gap are relatively higher than that of development.
Conclusions The fact the ratio of gap is relatively higher than that of development makes students difficult to study statistics in university. To close the gap between high school and university education, supplementary learning materials or new statistics-related courses need to be developed.
Application and Evaluation of The Blended learning-based Disaster Severity Classification(Triage) Education Program at a University
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim HeeSook , Lee Jiwon , Park Jun-Hee , Hong SungGi
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study is the application and evaluation of the blended learning education program for paramedic students at a university. The purpose of this study is to understand how the education program about disaster severity classification(triage), which combines blended learning-based distance education and simulation education, affects the educational satisfaction and knowledge understanding of students.
Methods This study is one group, post-test design. A blended learning-based disaster severity classification education program that combines distance education and simulation was implemented for 20 first and second-year emergency rescue students at a university. The difference in knowledge comprehension and education satisfaction was measured as an evaluation.
Results As a result of applying and evaluating the blended learning for college students in the emergency rescue department for 105 minutes, the satisfaction with the web environment was the highest (M=9.47), immediately after online class and online class. And after face-to-face class, knowledge of disaster site severity classification increased statistically significantly before (M=7.40), after online class (M=8.20), and after online and face-to-face class (M=9.80) (χ2=13.48, p=.001).
Conclusions The blended learning-based education program that mixes distance learning and simulation in disaster response can not only contribute to improving students' educational satisfaction but also expand their understanding of knowledge. In particular, simulation training is effective in the psychomotor domain. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the effectiveness of education by applying a blended learning-based education program for students majoring in health according to the subjects.
Analysis of Play-Centered Group Counseling Experience of School Counselors Using Grounded Theory
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Jung Eun
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to propose a theoretical model of play-centered group counseling (PCGC) to explain the phenomena and characteristics of PCGC and factors influencing its effectiveness. As a result, ways to promote the healthy development of children have been sought.
Methods As a qualitative research method, grounded theory was used to analyze the experience of school counselors’ PCGC operation. In-depth interviews were conducted with 5 school counselors with experience in operating PCGC for more than 5 years in elementary and secondary schools. A paradigm model and a situation model were presented by conducting open coding, axis coding, and selective coding.
Results The PCGC achieved the students’ holistic development, school adaptation, and problem prevention by applying two strategies: the active use of social skills and the acquisition of self-direction. In addition, the education community was strengthened by improving the teachers’ understanding of students and improving the student-teacher relationship. It was necessary to secure stable conditions for the operation of PCGC and to strengthen the competence of school counselors.
Conclusions Active use of PCGC is necessary for children’s holistic development, school adaptation, problem prevention, and reinforcement of the educational community. To this end, efforts to develop a theoretical foundation for PCGC are required.
The Effect of PCIT (Parents Child Interaction Therapy) on the Problem behaviors and Adaptive behaviors in children with development delay
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Jihye , Cho Yongsun
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of parent-child interaction therapy on problem behaviors and adaptive behaviors in children with developmental delay.
Methods For this study, parent-child interaction therapy was conducted for a total of 3 pairs of children with developmental delays and their parents at the Child Development Counseling Center located in Gyeonggi-do. For parent-child interaction therapy, a program jointly developed by Sheila Eyberg & Beberly Funderbu (2011) was applied. After that, the child behavior evaluation scale (CBCL) and the adaptive behavior test tool for children (NISE-K⋅ABS) were used to measure the change in problem behavior and adaptive behavior of pre- and post-treatment children.
Results After parent-child interaction therapy, child behavior problems were significantly reduced and adaptive behaviors were significantly increased. There were clear positive changes in interpersonal relationships and other-person recognition areas, which are subordinate areas of adaptive behaviors.
Conclusions This study is significant in that it empirically validates that parent-child interaction therapy is effective in reducing problem behaviors and improving adaptive behaviors in children with developmental delay.
A study on the educational effects of learning applications for secondary school students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Kyunglee
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the educational effects of learning applications for middle school students and to suggest ways to improve learning applications. In this study, the educational effects of learning applications were analyzed from the perspective of self-directed learning and smart learning, and improvement plans for the development and utilization of learning applications were presented.
Methods In this study, 9 learning applications developed for the purpose of learning for middle school students were selected and analyzed based on self-directed learning type based on learning process of learning goals, learning control, learning evaluation, interaction of interaction composition, learning promotion, field application, information accessibility of data presentation, immersion factors, SNS functions and smart learning type based on game-type, concept-type, tool-type, interactive-type, and problem-type.
Results First, the results of self-directed learning type analysis of learning applications for middle school students showed that learning process 85% (23 items), interaction 67% (18 items), and information accessibility 44% (12 items). According to the detailed items, learning process of learning goal 56% (5 items), learning control 100% (9 items), learning evaluation 100% (9 items), interaction of interaction composition 61% (5.5 items), learning promotion 56% (5 items), field application 78% (7 items), information accessibility of data presentation 22% (2 items), immersion factor 78% (7 items), and SNS function 33% (3 items). The results of smart learning type analysis of learning applications for middle school students were game-type 22% (2 items), concept-type 33% (3 items), tool-type 100% (9 items), interactive-type 61% (5.5 items), problem-type was 33% (3 items). Second, the development plan of learning applications for middle school students was found to be edutainment content and learner-customized content development in terms of content, sharing function and cooperation function development in terms of service, and advanced implementation and stable implementation methods development in terms of implementation methods. The use of learning applications for middle school students was found to be the application of appropriate learning strategies in the user context, the improvement of focus time for learning in the temporal context, and the connection of the learning space for learning in the spatial context.
Conclusions First, it is required to establish an authentication system for the development of learning applications for middle school students. Second, it is required to provide a roadmap for the utilization of learning applications for middle school students. Third, it is required to improve the awareness of parents and teachers about learning applications.
Teacher Agency of Adapted Physical Education Teachers
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yoon Jin-Ju, , Park Jong-Lyoul,
Published: January 2023

Objectives This study explores how the teacher agency of adapted physical education teachers is expressed in their subject, and what contextual factors affect the teacher agency in various special education settings.
Methods A qualitative case study method was used for six adapted physical education teachers working at special education sites in various regions. Educational data of research participants were collected through in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted inductively by harnessing Priestley et al.’s (2015) ecological perspective as a theoretical framework.
Results Adapted physical education teachers proactively practiced physical education when they understood the context of the situation and formed their own firm belief, while endeavouring to teach their subject consistently in any environment. The manifestation of teacher agency was promoted when the belief and values of physical education formed from teachers’ previous life experience matched with any one of the cultural, structural, and social contexts. In addition, factors that facilitated the manifestation of teacher agency include the school culture that is permissive for major subjects, the support from fellow teachers and important people, and the proper physical environment for physical education classes. On the other hand, barriers to the manifestation of teacher agency were the discourse taking adapted physical education as an integrated subject and stressing individualised education for students subject to special education as opposed to school curriculum, on-site atmosphere that does not recognise adapted physical education, the absence of physical environment support, limited emphasis on their role as special teachers, and lack of reflection on their major subject. In addition, despite the agreement between the repetitive and evaluative dimensions, fear of the projective dimensions also acted as a barrier.
Conclusions Based on the findings, this study suggested the possibility that adapted physical education teachers proactively manifest teacher agency, the need for incumbent teacher education for adapted physical education, and the atmosphere to recognise special education as a school curriculum and institutional measures to improve this.
Relationship among Hope, Career Adaptability, Career Construction Behavior, and Career Satisfaction of Prospective College Graduates
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kim Na-Rae , Kim Ji Geun
Published: January 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify whether career adaptability and career construction behavior were double-mediated in the relationship between hope and career satisfaction of prospective college graduates using a serial multiple mediation model. It was to apply the model of career adaptation of Savicaks(2013, 2020) to college students who are about to transition from school to work.
Methods A survey was conducted on hopes, career adaptability, career construction behavior, and career satisfaction for 260 prospective graduates of four-year universities nationwide. Data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and SPSS PROCESS MACRO Model 4 and 6 were used for simple mediation model and serial multiple mediation model analysis.
Results A significant positive correlation was found between hope, career adaptability, career construction behavior, and career satisfaction. In addition, career adaptability and career construction behavior double-mediated the relationship between hope and career satisfaction. That is, the results showed that career adaptability and career construction sequentially mediate the relationship between hope and career satisfaction.
Conclusions The research results support the career adaptation model of Savickas (2013, 2020), and examine the roles of hope, career adaptability, and career construction behavior for career satisfaction of prospective college graduates. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed.
Effect of Chemical and Biological Control Components in Protecting Potatoes from Infection with Early Blight Disease Caused by Alternaria solani and its Impact on Growth and Yield
Authors:   Lattakia Research Center, General Authority of Scientific Agricultural Research, Syria, Shaabo Elissar
Published: January 2023

Shaabo, A., N. Deeb, M. Mufleh, R. Zaydan, A. Haj Hasan, L. Adra, A. Askriyeh and N. Sakkour. 2022. Effect of Chemical and Biological Control Components in Protecting Potatoes from Infection with Early Blight Disease Caused by Alternaria solani and its Impact on Growth and Yield. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(4): 325-333. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.4.325333 This study was carried out at Alsonawbar Station of the Agricultural Scientific Research Center in Lattakia, Syria during the spring of 2021 to evaluate the effect of different treatments for the control of potato early blight disease, and their effect on plant growth and potato yield and quality. Six treatments were evaluated: two chemical pesticides: Ranman 20% SC (cyazofamid), Moximate 50% WP (cymoxanil + mancozeb), three biological pesticides Bacillus subtilis, Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma harizianum, in addition to the control. Results showed that Ranman treatment was superior, as it led to reduction of 20.18 and 5.61 % in disease severity and infection rate, respectively, two weeks after treatment, with a decrease of 25.80 and 20.46 %, respectively, compared to the control. With the same treatment, the leaf area and leaf area index reached 8438.75 cm2 /plant and 3.45 m2 /m2 , respectively, with an increase of 4827.75 cm2 /plant, and 1.97 m2 /m2 over the control treatment. Results also showed the superiority of Bacillus subtilis treatment in terms of tubers number, tubers weight, yield, and the proportion of marketable yield which reached 8.16 tuber/plant, 93.47 g/tuber, 3126.94 kg/donum, 95.30% marketable yield, respectively, which represented a reduction rate of 20.09%, 30.99%, 42.31%, 9.72%, respectively, over the control treatment. In addition, results showed that the highest dry matter and starch content was obtained in response to the chemical pesticides treatments. Key words: Alternaria solani, potato, chemical control, biological control, production