bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unilateral isolated type 3 persistent pupillary membrane
Authors: Desinayak Naresh , Panda Amita
Published: January 2022

We report a 65-year-old male with unilateral type 3 persistent pupillary membrane, which was an incidental finding and was not a contributing factor for his presented symptom of diminished vision. Persistent pupillary membrane is a frequently encountered congenital anomaly of iris in routine ophthalmological practice. Different clinical types of persistent pupillary membrane do exist. However, this clinical variety is a rare one to be reported so far in the existing literature.
Acute psychosis after refractive surgery
Authors: Asif Mohamed I , Meena Suman K , Titiyal Jeewan S , Kaur Manpreet
Published: January 2022

A 20-year-old male with no previous history of systemic or mental illness underwent femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in both eyes. A suction loss was experienced during surgery in the left eye. Repeat docking was performed, and subsequent surgery was uneventful. In the postoperative period, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) was 20/20 in both eyes; however, the patient developed behavioral changes and acute psychotic symptoms, which subsided with anti-psychotics over 3 weeks. Acute psychosis following ocular surgeries is rare; however, a strong suspicion should be kept if any behavioral changes are noted in the postoperative period. Timely psychiatric referral and adequate management are essential to achieve optimal outcomes.
Bilateral Mycobacterium abscessus chronic endophthalmitis presenting as retinitis in a human immunodeficiency virus positive young male – A case report
Authors: Mukesh Keerti , Shah Dhwani , Murthy Krishna R , Babu Kalpana
Published: January 2022

We report an interesting case of chronic endophthalmitis presenting as bilateral retinitis with chronic granulomatous inflammation due to Mycobacterium abscessus in a 17-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive young male. The diagnosis was made on the basis of cytopathology, culture, and genomic sequencing on the vitreous biopsy. The treatment included antitubercular therapy, intravenous meropenem, and intravitreal amikacin injections. At the end of 6 months, the retinitis resolved well and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/9 both eyes (OU). Though endophthalmitis due to M. abscessus has been described in the literature, bilateral retinitis is rare and is being described in this case report.
Bedside sutureless amniotic membrane transplantation in acute Stevens–Johnson syndrome
Authors: Gupta Parul Chawla , Khurana Surbhi , Vinay Keshavamurthy , Kumaran Sendhil Muthu , Limbu Shraddha , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Ram Jagat
Published: January 2022

Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) are part of a spectrum of blistering diseases after hypersensitivity reaction to drugs, with ocular involvement in 69%–84% cases. The role of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) has been well established in the patients of SJS in reducing chronic long-term morbidity and sequelae. Herein, we present a report of 2 cases where bedside sutureless AMT was done within the first 5 days of onset. Amniotic membrane was secured in a symblepharon ring made using Ryle's tube. Both the cases had favorable outcomes and show the role of bedside and urgent AMT in these eyes.
Lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation closing an ectopic macular hole
Authors: Soman Manoj , Indurkar Asmita , Mohan Ashwin , Nair Unnikrishnan
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to describe a case where lamellar hole–associated epiretinal proliferation developed into an ectopic macular hole and eventually led to the closure of the defect. This is a retrospective case review of a 61-year-old patient with documented spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany) follow-up of 3 years, which shows the presence of epiretinal proliferation closing an iatrogenic ectopic lamellar hole developed after a failed macular hole surgery.
Glaucoma management dilemma in a patient with Allgrove syndrome
Authors: Suman Maninee , Ravilla Sathya T , Keerthi  , Vardhan Ashok S
Published: January 2022

AAA syndrome or Allgrove syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder. The ocular manifestations reported in the literature include alacrima, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, corneal melts, lacrimal gland atrophy, pupillary abnormalities, accommodative dysregulation, amblyopia, and optic atrophy. We report here the occurrence of glaucoma in a patient with AAA syndrome, which has not been reported earlier, and also discuss the multiple difficulties in managing glaucoma in the presence of the underlying ocular and systemic conditions.
Shield ulcer following corneal collagen cross-linking
Authors: Agarwal Richa , Jain Parul
Published: January 2022

A 10-year-old boy presented with right-eye (RE) hyperemia, tearing, photophobia, and diminution of vision. There was a history of right-eye corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) done 1 month back for keratoconus. Slit-lamp examination showed a corneal ulcer in the right eye. The upper tarsal conjunctiva showed hyperemia and multiple papillae in both eyes. He was diagnosed to be a case of bilateral keratoconus with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and shield ulcer in the right eye. He was treated with topical steroids and 2% cyclosporine but the shield ulcer remained unchanged. The patient was then undertaken for surgical removal of plaque, after which, the ulcer re-epithelialized completely in 2 weeks.
Early ipsilateral orbital metastasis of choroidal melanoma without evidence of hepatic metastasis
Authors: Rodriguez Ever Ernesto Caso , Isenberg Jordan , Sutil Aline , Morales Melina , Sant'ana Renato , Belfort Rubens
Published: January 2022

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults. The liver is the most common site of metastasis. Ipsilateral orbital metastasis without radiological and clinical evidence of liver metastasis is extremely rare. We present a 77-year-old patient with choroidal melanoma in his right eye who was treated with enucleation and 9 months later presented ipsilateral orbital metastasis without radiological and clinical evidence of metastatic liver lesions. After the diagnosis of orbital metastasis, he underwent exenteration and radiotherapy and the patient developed lung, liver, and subcutaneous metastases in the following months. Early detection of uveal melanoma and especially when the tumor is small, can save lives since no treatment has proven to significantly alter mortality when there is metastatic disease.
A rare case of bilateral retinoblastoma metastasizing into the forearm
Authors: Soman Manoj , Iqbal Sameer , Katoor Jayasree , Puthiyedath Nitya , Sheth Jay U , Nair Unnikrishnan
Published: January 2022

We present a case of an 8-year-old boy who had undergone chemotherapy with transpupillary thermotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma (RB) at the age of 6 months. The patient had left forearm pain at the present visit. Bilateral ocular examination did not reveal any signs of RB reactivation. However, bone scan with technetium 99m-methyl diphosphonate (99mTc–MDP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the presence of metastasis in the proximal end of the ulnar bone, which was confirmed on bone marrow biopsy. Based on PCR study and molecular analysis, Ewing's sarcoma was ruled out and the patient was confirmed to have metastatic RB. Subsequently, he underwent chemotherapy along with wide excision of left proximal ulna + extracorporeal radiation therapy (ECRT) + plate reconstruction. At 15-month follow-up, the patient was stable with absence of recurrence of RB. This case highlights the need for long-term follow-up of patients with RB and the need for timely detection and management of metastasis.
Novel management of spontaneous onset sclerocorneal cyst in a child
Authors: Kelkar Jai A , Kelkar Aditya S , Singhvi Priyanka S
Published: January 2022

A 2-year-old girl was referred for management of swelling on the nasal side in the right eye. On ophthalmic examination, the right eye showed a subconjunctival cyst extending into the anterior corneal stroma on the nasal side. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the right eye showed a fluid-filled cystic lesion involving the cornea, with no communication with the anterior chamber. Examination under anesthesia revealed an intrastromal sclerocorneal cyst over the nasal half of cornea, not involving pupillary axis. The cyst was drained, anterior cyst wall excised, scleral lips glued together, and the bare corneoscleral bed covered with amniotic membrane with no recurrence.
Immature Granulocytes
Authors: Selvi Fatih , Korkut Mustafa , Bedel Cihan
Published: January 2022

Background:

Cardiac enzymes and inflammatory biomarkers may be elevated in acute pericarditis (AP); however, there is no current biomarker specific for AP. Immature granulocyte (IG) has been used as a marker of inflammation in many diseases. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical benefit of IG as a marker in the diagnosis of AP.

Methodology:

This retrospective study included study participants, who presented to our emergency department with chest pain, and were diagnosed with AP between 1 January 2019 and 1 January 2020. The hemogram and biochemistry parameters of all study participants, which were measured at the time of admission to the emergency department, were recorded. The parameters were compared between the patient and control groups.

Results:

The study included 32 study participants, who met the inclusion criteria, and 32 control study participants with similar demographic characteristics. The mean age of the study participants with AP was 32.19 ± 14.63 years. The study participants with AP had significantly higher IG values compared to the control group (0.47% ±0.24% vs. 0.26% ±0.1%; P < 0.001). High sensitivity (80%) and specificity (90.6%) were obtained for the prediction of AP at the cut-off value of IG >0.65 as the new parameter.

Conclusion:

IG, which can be obtained from a simple hemogram test, can be used as a marker for AP.
Effectiveness and Barriers of Telehealth Services During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kalal Nipin , Vel N. Sabari , Mundel Sarita , Daiyya Seema , Dhayal Seema , Bishnoi Sharmila , Asiwal Simran , Jhajhariya Sonika
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus outbreak has introduced many challenges for the health-care delivery system, its workers, and health-care recipients. To overcome the challenges coming up during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, health-care sector was majorly helped by telehealth, e-health, and technologies involved in consultation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients from a distance. However, it has own benefits and barriers, which are discussed in this review. This review has been conducted through searching five databases including PubMed, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect. Inclusion criteria included studies clearly defining any use of telehealth services during COVID-19 pandemic and its effects and barriers, written in English language, published from 2019 to till date, and including studies from different countries. Narrative synthesis was undertaken to summarize and report the findings. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria out of the 97 search results. The articles included in our studies showed a significant increase in the uptake of telehealth services during this COVID-19 pandemic. Countries like the U.S.A showed an 80% decline in-person visits among the Canadian population 41% of them wanted virtual visits compared to in-person visits. The patients have reported high satisfaction with telehealth services according to the related studies although have reported hindrances and potential barriers to it like limited access to Internet availability, devices, lack of awareness about technology, high cost for implementation, and legal framework related to policies that includes privacy and confidentiality. Based on the findings of this review study, telehealth has been found as an effective way of health delivery system in these difficult times, but there are certain factors and issues related to its use which need to be looked upon. This narrative review indicates that the use of telemedicine and telehealth services during this COVID-19 pandemic has a plan of much help, as when compared to the barriers, it may produce to reach a large population at their home without putting the lives of health-care workers and the patients themselves at risk.
Neurofibromatosis and its Management in Nigeria
Authors: Ogun Olufunmilola A.
Published: January 2022

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a relatively common disease with multisystemic manifestation. It is incurable and may be associated with learning difficulties and tumors such as optic nerve gliomas, brain tumors, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. This review seeks to increase awareness among physicians, surgeons, and ophthalmologists of the prevalence and manifestations of NF in the Nigerian environment, consequently, improving recognition, facilitating early diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of the disabling complications of this disorder. The databases of “MedLine/PubMed,” “African-Journals-On-Line (AJOL),” “Google scholar,” and “UpToDate” were searched using the keywords Von Recklinghausen disease, familial NF, schwannomatosis, vestibular schwannoma, acoustic neuroma, meningioma, classical NF, central NF, neurofibroma, and other synonyms for NF were mapped to the key phrases “Nigeria,” “neurological,” and “complications.” Relevant MeSH terms were used alone and in combination, adding Boolean operators and wildcards to broaden, restrict, and modify the search, as required. This scoping review describes the historical origins, classification, diagnostic criteria, and clinical presentation of the three major types of NF, with a focus on neurologic complications. Thereafter, it reviews the literature on NF in Nigeria (Nigerians), discussing the implications for ophthalmologists and suggesting guidelines for multidisciplinary team management and follow-up in light of current advances in NF research. Neurologic complications of NF include epilepsy, headaches, learning difficulties, cranial and peripheral neuropathies, and intracranial tumors. Screening, early recognition, long-term monitoring, and rehabilitation by a multidisciplinary team, is required to enhance the quality of life of patients with NF. There are currently very few published studies describing the neurologic complications of NF among Nigerians. However, Nigerian physicians, surgeons, and ophthalmologists should be aware that patients with NF may develop these neurologic complications and should seek to identify them early, in the management and follow-up of patients with NF.
EPOS2020 and beyond
Authors: Hellings P.W.
Published: January 2022

The April issue of Rhinology includes the Executive Summary of EPOS2020, highlighting the most important up-dates on disease definitions, treatment algorithms and integrated care pathway approaches of CRS. EPOS2020 (1) is the result of major efforts by a team of passionate rhinologists and associate health care providers coming from all corners of the world coordinated by Professors Wytske Fokkens and Valerie Lund. The Executive Summary presented here illustrates the most important graphs for use in daily practice and teaching purposes. In addition, the April issue of Rhinology also brings relevant CRS-related aspects to the attention of the readers of Rhinology.
Audit of CT scanning of paranasal sinuses in patients referred with facial pain
Authors: Amir Ida , Yeo Justin C.L. , Ram Bhaskar
Published: January 2022

Background: Computed tomography (CT) scans are performed by some clinicians in the belief that they are a useful primary investigation in patients with facial pain. Objective: To assess the appropriateness and outcome of sinuses CT scans in patients with facial pain based on the European Position Paper on Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) 2007 guideline and International Headache Society (IHS) criteria for diagnosing and investigating rhinosinusitis. Methodology: The first cycle of audit was performed on 50 patients with facial pain who underwent CT scanning. The findings on nasal endoscopy, Lund-Mackay scores (LMS) of the scans and management of these patients were analysed. Following implementation of the IHS and EPOS criteria, 50 consecutive patients were re-audited. Results: In the first cycle, 16% of patients had positive nasal endoscopic findings. Thirty patients had LMS of 0 and only 9 showed significant changes (LMS ≥ 8) on their scans. In the second cycle, only 10 patients underwent CT imaging as per EPOS guideline and 4 of them showed significant changes. The remaining 80% of patients in this cycle were diagnosed and treated for non-sino- genic causes. Conclusion: Applying the IHS and EPOS criteria has reduced the number of inappropriate CT scans requests and allowed consideration of non-sinogenic aetiologies.
Just noticeable difference in olfaction is related to trigeminal component of odorants
Authors: Jacquot L. , Hidalgo J. , Brand G.
Published: January 2022

Many studies have dealt with the interrelationships between both olfactory and trigeminal systems but a poorly explored question concerns the role of each system in the detection processes, especially in the just noticeable difference (JND). The aim of this study was to investigate variations in JNDs for three odorants in relation to their trigeminal component, i.e. low, middle, high. The results indicated that the higher the trigeminal component, the lower the JND, suggesting a better capacity to perceive intensity changes for pungent odorants than for relatively pure odorants.
Follow-up of Thalidomide treatment in patients with Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia
Authors: Hosman A. , Westermann C.J.J. , Snijder R. , Disch F. , Mummery C.L. , Mager J.J.
Published: January 2022

Background: Patients with a hereditary vascular disorder called Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome (Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia, HHT) haemorrhage easily due to weak-walled vessels. Haemorrhage in lungs or brain can be fatal but patients suffer most from chronic and prolonged nosebleeds (epistaxis), the frequency and intensity of which increases with age. Several years ago, it was discovered serendipitously that the drug Thalidomide had beneficial effects on the disease symptoms in several of a small group of HHT patients: epistaxis and the incidence of anaemia were reduced and patients required fewer blood transfusions. In addition, they reported a better quality of life. However, Thalidomide has significant negative side effects, including neuropathy and fatigue. Methods: We followed up all HHT patients in the Netherlands who had been taking Thalidomide at the time the original study was completed to find out (i) how many had continued taking Thalidomide and for how long (ii) the nature and severity of any side-effects and (iii) whether side-effects had influenced their decision to continue taking Thalidomide. Results: Only a minority of patients had continued taking the drug despite its beneficial effects on their symptoms and that the side effects were the primary reason to stop. Conclusion: Despite symptom reduction, alternative treatments are still necessary for epistaxis in HHT patients and a large-scale clinical trial is not justified although incidental use in the most severely affected patients can be considered.
Estuarize-WIO: A socio-ecological assessment of small-scale fisheries in estuaries of the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Groeneveld Johan C. , Hoguane Antonio M. , Kuguru Baraka , Mackay Fiona , Munga Cosmas , Santos Jorge
Published: January 2022

Estuaries provide unique ecosystem goods and services and have been focal points for human settlement andresource use throughout recorded history. In the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region, the effects of human population growth, rapid economic development and climate change on estuaries threaten their ecological functioning and the sustainability of estuary-dependent livelihoods. Governance systems are ill-equipped to deal with the mounting challenges. Long-term datasets that describe estuary-scale trends are scarce, and socio-ecological interactions that support sustainable use of resources are incompletely understood. To address these gaps, the Estuarize-WIO project (2016-2019) compiled datasets on biophysical, ecological, socio-economic and fisheries aspects of selected estuaries in Mozambique (Bons Sinais), Tanzania (Ruvu) and Kenya (Tana), analysed trends per estuary, and used a socio-ecological systems (SES) framework to integrate information from multiple sources at local and regional levels. The introductory paper of this Special Issue of the Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science provides regional context and reviews the relevant literature available for WIO estuaries. In succeeding papers, estuarine circulation is inferred from hydrological measurements, seasonal and decadal trends in land cover and land use are investigated using remote sensing images, household surveys are used to investigate socio-economic circumstances and resource use, and long-term catch survey data and field samples are used to describe small-scale fisheries. In the synthesis paper, a SES framework is constructed to investigate linkages and feedback loops in individual estuaries. A regionally comparative analysis across the WIO region was conducted, and recommendations were made for future research and governance. The methodological approach developed for Estuarize-WIO is well-suited to research of data poor systems with limited accessibility and research infrastructure.
Household dependence on fish-based farming systems in the Bons Sinais Estuary in Mozambique
Authors: Francisco Rodrigues P. , Hoguane Antonio M. , Simbine Rosa L. , Mabota Humberto S.
Published: January 2022

Households in estuarine deltas of the Western Indian Ocean depend on small-scale fishing, farming in flood-recession and adjacent areas, and mangrove forest products for food security, energy and an income in so-called deltaic fish-based farming (FBF) systems. It was hypothesized that the relative importance of household activities would depend on location along the Bons Sinais Estuary in Mozambique, diversifying in peri-urban settings. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken at five sites, including rural sites near the estuary mouth and upstream, and peri-urban settings near Quelimane city. Fishing contributed the most to FBF livelihoods (54 %) followed by farming (15 %), small business operators (14 %), collection and use of mangrove products (6 %) and other activities such as wage-earning or formal employment (10 %). The highest diversity of activities was at a peri-urban site, Chuabo Dembe, which differed from all other sites in Cluster and Principal Components Analyses. Fishing dominated activities at four of five sites, with the highest preponderance near the estuary mouth. Women played an important role in generating household income, mainly through farming and operating small businesses in peri-urban areas. The education level declined in rural settings. Overexploitation and degradation of natural ecosystems to provide for an increasing urban population around Quelimane threaten estuarine functioning, making deltaic FBF systems vulnerable. Rural development programmes should focus on improving education levels and the efficiency of food production, processing and distribution systems.
Small-scale fisheries of the Tana Estuary in Kenya
Authors: Manyenze Fatma , Munga Cosmas N. , Mwatete Chrisestom , Mwamlavya Hamadi , Groeneveld Johan C.
Published: January 2022

The role of small-scale fisheries in maintaining socio-ecological systems (SES) in the Western Indian Ocean is well-documented, yet few studies have addressed estuarine fisheries in the region. Small-scale fisheries in the Tana Estuary in Kenya are described in this paper, accounting for location along a salinity gradient, seasonality, gear types used, species composition and relative abundance of landings. Monthly shore-based sampling was undertaken at four locations in 2017 – Ungwana Bay near the estuary mouth, lower and mid-estuary, and upper estuary at Ozi village, ⁓10 km upstream. Fishing gear comprised of seine nets, gillnets, hook-and-line and traditional gear such as self-made traps, sticks and spears operated from the shore (foot fishers), dugout canoes, dhows and fibreglass boats with outboard engines. A total of 12,840 fish and crustacean specimens belonging to 89 species in 45 families were sampled. Landings were dominated by catfishes Arius africanus (31 %) and Clarias gariepinus (21 %), small pelagic fishes Pellona ditchela (10 %) and several sardine species (⁓5 %), croaker Otolithes ruber (10 %), eel catfish Plotosus limbatus (6 %), mullet Mugil cephalus (4 %) and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (4 %). Multivariate analyses (nMDS and ANOSIM) found that fishing gear (p < 0.05) and location (p = 0.001) significantly influenced catch composition, but season (p = 0.146) was not significant. Traps were used in the upper and mid estuary only and were selective for three catfish species. Seine nets (54 species) and gillnets (40 species) were least selective and used at all four locations. Rarefaction curves indicated that species diversity was higher at the bay and lower estuary than the mid and upper estuary, and that diversity was highest for canoe-gillnet and canoe-encircling net combinations. Catch rates (avg. of 2.3 to 8.4kg.fisher-1.day-1) depended on gear type and was highest for monofilament gillnets. Catches comprised a broad size range of multiple species, but on average, seine nets selected smaller individuals than traps, gillnets and long lines. The high complexity and organization of the fishery at an estuary-scale makes it a good example of a relatively intact SES suitable for regional comparative analyses.
A regional assessment of seasonal-to-decadal changes in estuarine socio-ecological systems in the Western Indian Ocean
Authors: Groeneveld Johan C. , Santos Jorge , MacKay Fiona , Munga Cosmas N.
Published: January 2022

Estuarine socio-ecological systems (SES) in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region face mounting pressures from overexploitation, habitat degradation, impacts of climate change and governance inadequacies. A regional assessment of seasonal-to-decadal change in SES of three estuaries (Bons Sinais in Mozambique, Ruvu in Tanzania and Tana in Kenya) was undertaken along 2000 km of tropical coastline (3°-18°S), using a systems-oriented approach and information collected during the Estuarize-WIO project (2016-2019). All three estuaries were open and tidal, but differed along gradients of geomorphology, annual precipitation, exposure to tropical storms, drought, sea level rise, and rural to urban development. Despite physical differences, similar marine species, mangrove assemblages, seasonality in fish-based farming systems and cultivated crops, and fishing methods were apparent across the region. Key differences were related to the scale of anthropogenic disturbance, discerned from land use / land cover (LULC) change analysis, which showed decadal increases in developed-, cultivated- and grasslands, at the expense of wetlands and forests, and seasonal transformation of wetlands to agriculture and grasslands. The three estuaries represented a gradient along urban-production-conservation dimensions, brought about by rural to urban transformation, and by freshwater and sediment diversion for economic development in upstream catchment areas. Household surveys indicated strongly seasonal livelihood strategies, with highest diversity in peri-urban settings, and reliance on different combinations of ecosystem goods and services in coastal and upstream rural settings. Estuarine fisheriesranged from unselective, low trophic-level fisheries using fine-mesh nets at the urbanized and most-disturbed Bons Sinais Estuary, to a more complex organized fishery at the least-disturbed Tana. At Ruvu, fisheries and agriculture production exit the system to distant markets. The systems-oriented approach demonstrated that human-induced processes affected WIO estuaries and dependent livelihoods more deeply than inherent physical differences. A key conclusion is that research, management and governance will benefit from regional cooperation, given the similarities of the systems and the different levels of disturbance.
Nghiên cứu quy trình chiết xuất và tinh chế Rotudin từ củ bình vôi (Stephania rotunda Lour.) trồng tại tỉnh Hòa Bình
Authors: Hoàng Nguyễn Minh , Quỳnh Tôn Nữ Yên
Published: January 2022

Củ bình vôi (Stephania rotunda Lour.) trồng tại tỉnh Hòa Bình được sử dụng làm nguyên liệu để chiết xuất l-tetrahydropalmatine (tên hoạt chất thuốc là Rotundin) C21H25NO4 - một alkaloid có tác dụng an thần, gây ngủ, giảm mất trí nhớ. Mục đích của nghiên cứu là tìm ra một quy trình chiết xuất rotudin đơn giản, rẻ tiền, hiệu quả để có thể ứng dụng. Kết quả thu được cho thấy:

- Phương pháp ngâm chiết với tỉ lệ 1/6 giữa bột khô củ bình vôi và thể tích dung dịch H2SO4 1% cho hiệu suất trích ly cao nhất 0,35%. Hợp chất thu được đạt độ tinh khiết 98% (trên HPLC);

- Cấu trúc hóa học được xác nhận trên phổ NMR.
Study Experimental Joining Dissimilar Metal of Cemented Carbide and Carbon Steel under TIG Brazing
Authors: Fadelan Fadelan , Winardi Yoyok , Putra Wawan Trisnadi
Published: January 2022

In the manufacturing industry, cutting tools are the main component. To produce the best performance of the cutting tool is required high cost. The cemented carbide and steels are joined using brazing. The aim of the work is to investigate the joining of dissimilar metals between cemented carbide and carbon steel using arc brazing. The TIG brazing method has been prepared for the joining of carbide insert and carbon steel. Phenomena that occur in the joint were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composition of the constituent elements of the brazed area was characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Vickers hardness machine is used to hardness test in the brazed area. The results of the microstructure analysis and EDS test composition indicate that solid solution phase enriched Cu is detected in the brazed area. The Fe and C elements are diffusions into the brazed area. The hardness value in the brazed area is 12,16 HVN, greater than based metals especially SS400. Thus, the solid solution phase of Cu and elements of Fe and C affect the hardness value.
INVESTIGATIONS OF ROOT DISEASE OF SUGAR CANE
Authors: Matz J.
Published: January 2022

Resumen en inglés.
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF SUGAR-CANE VARIETIES
Authors: Earle F. S.
Published: January 2022

Resumen en inglés.
Perceived Usefulness and Effects of Online Health Information among Users amid Covid19; Is there any role of demographics?
Authors: Asgher Shabana
Published: January 2022

Since March 11, 2020, when WHO declared Covid19 as a worldwide pandemic, a drastic change in the lives of individuals and nations can be witnessed. The constrained mobility and restricted capacity of local governments in providing health care services resulted as an increased dependence of people on alternate sources of information and guidance regarding their health. This has transformed the ways people take care of their health and make health related decisions for themselves or their dear ones. This article contributes to the growing body of research on new media by exploring the role of internet as a source of health information, specifically through the lens of Uses and gratification and Dependency theory. A questionnaire-based online survey collected data from users belonging to different age and income groups regarding needs, perceived usefulness and cyberchondric effects of OHI among them. Findings revealed websites and discussion forums as to be most extensively used sources of OHI followed by Facebook and YouTube. To get information and updates of Covid19, to take precautionary measures for Covid19 and to check for the symptoms of Covid19 were reported as major needs by the users. The ratio of the usage of internet for health-related information about health issues other than Covid19 was also significantly higher. To avoid in person, visit to physician, ubiquity, and quick and easy retrieval of information from divers’ sources were the reported reasons for this increased usage. Results demonstrate that during Covid19, both the usage of internet as an alternative source of HI needs and its perceived usefulness was significantly higher. Statistical analysis revealed difference in perceived usefulness of OHI during Covid19 due to gender, income, education and health status of the respondents. Similarly, the study revealed a strong positive relationship between Usage and Perceived usefulness of OHI. The strong relationship between Usage and psychological effect show ever was found to marginalize the significance of OHI.
Obesidade materna: Antropometria dos recém-nascidos
Authors: Novo Joe Luiz Vieira Garcia , Novo Neil Ferreira , Novelli Alessandra Raphael , Carvalho Mariana Oliva Cassará
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: analisar valores antropométricos em recém-nascidos de parturientes obesas, assistidas na maternidade do Hospital Santa Lucinda de Sorocaba-SP.  Métodos: estudo prospectivo com 200 parturientes: 100 obesas e 100 controle (não obesas). Como variável materna dependente considerou-se a obesidade, as de controle foram: idade, cor, ganho ponderal, paridade, partos (vaginais e cesáreas) e evolução puerperal. Nos recém-nascidos as variáveis dependentes foram as medidas antropométricas (peso, comprimento, perímetros cefálico e braquial, IMC), e as de controle: vitalidade, gênero e evolução no berçário.  Resultados: o ganho médio de peso materno foi significantemente menor nas obesas (15, 2%) em relação ao grupo controle (23,08%) (p = 0, 0001). Em 47,0% das obesas os partos se resolveram através de cesáreas e 29,0% no grupo controle (p = 0,01). As médias das medidas dos recém-nascidos: peso:  3,35 e 3,18k (p = 0, 005), perímetro cefálico: 34,3 e 33,6 cm (p = 0, 002), comprimento: 49,5 e 49,0 cm (p = 0, 05), perímetro braquial esquerdo médio: 10,7 e 10, 3 cm (p = 0, 001), IMC: 13,6 e 13,44 kg/m2 (p = 0,24) nos grupos de estudo e controle respectivamente. Conclusões: nesta amostra de mulheres obesas houve significativa e estatisticamente maiores proporções de partos cirúrgicos, além de recém-nascidos com valores antropométricos superiores (peso, perímetros cefálico e braquial e comprimento) em relação aos das pacientes não obesas. Mulheres obesas em idade reprodutiva, devem ser informadas dos prováveis riscos maternos e/ou fetais antes de uma futura gestação.
Сучасні підходи до управління Медичними силами Збройних Сил України
Authors: Ostaschenko T. M. , Zhakhovsky V. O. , Livinskyi V. G.
Published: January 2022

Вступ. Головною метою управління Медичними силами Збройних Сил України (Медичні сили) є підтримання визначеного рівня бойової та мобілізаційної готовності органів управління медичним забезпеченням, медичних підрозділів військових частин і військово-медичних закладів, їх всебічна підготовка до застосування та ефективної реалізації можливостей під час вирішення поставлених завдань.

Мета. Визначення сучасних підходів до управління Медичними силами Збройних Сил України в мирний час та в особливий період.

Матеріали та методи. Використані законодавчі та нормативно-правові акти, керівні документи, інформаційно-довідкові матеріали, монографії та наукові статті у відкритих виданнях щодо управління Збройними Силами (ЗС) України та їх медичним забезпеченням. Методи дослідження: бібліографічний, аналітичний, системного підходу, узагальнення, прогностичний.

Результати. Наведено основні положення управління військами (силами) у ЗС України, що здійснюється для підтримання готовності військ (сил) до виконання завдань за призначенням, їх підготовки та успішного виконання завдань у ході ведення операції (бойових дій). Висвітлено вимоги, завдання та функції військового управління. Розкрито поняття системи та органів управління військами (силами). Детально розглянуто систему управління медичним забезпеченням ЗС України у мирний час і в особливий період. Наведено перелік органів управління медичним забезпеченням ЗС України на всіх рівнях військового управління. Схематично представлено систему управління медичним забезпеченням ЗС України у мирний час і в особливий період, а також ієрархію органів управління медичним забезпеченням ЗС України.

Висновки. На даному етапі розвитку системи медичного забезпечення ЗС України під управлінням медичним забезпеченням слід розуміти цілеспрямовану діяльність командувача Медичних сил ЗС України, начальників (органів управління) медичним забезпеченням, начальників медичних служб військових частин щодо впливу на підпорядковані сили і засоби з метою виконання завдань за призначенням та досягнення поставленої мети. Управління медичним забезпеченням здійснюється командувачем Медичних сил у загальній системі управління ЗС України через пункти управління та базується на загальних принципах і вимогах, що лежать в основі управління військами (силами).
Вивчення особливостей медичного забезпечення підрозділів МВС України в зоні проведення АТО/ООС
Authors: Yakimets V. V.
Published: January 2022

Вступ. Відсутність єдиного державного нормативного акта щодо побудови системи охорони здоров’я військовослужбовців, зокрема й на особливий період, призвела до того, що під час численних безсистемних організаційних заходів, які проводилися за роки незалежності, була скорочена частина військово-медичних закладів та порушена організаційна структура військово-медичних підрозділів, що, у свою чергу, призвело до зниження, а нерідко й до втрати ними спроможностей щодо виконання завдань за призначенням. До погіршення стану медичного забезпечення військ призвели також зменшення фінансування медичної служби, несвоєчасне поновлення медичного обладнання і техніки та відплив кваліфікованого медичного персоналу.

Мета. Вивчити та проаналізувати проблемні питання організації медичного забезпечення підрозділів МВС України та інших військових формувань під час ведення бойових дій у зоні АТО/ООС.

Матеріали та методи. Для досягнення мети проводилися підбір, систематизація та вивчення нормативно-правових документів щодо організації медичного забезпечення підрозділів Міністерства Внутрішніх Справ та інших військових формувань. При цьому використовувався метод системного підходу та системного аналізу.

Результати. У статті розглядаються проблемні питання медичного забезпечення військовослужбовців під час антитерористичної операції, а також причини, що призвели до їх виникнення. Акцентується увага на необхідності опрацювання та затвердження базових нормативно-правових актів щодо медичного забезпечення військовослужбовців у мирний час, під час кризових ситуацій, що загрожують національній безпеці, та в особливий період.

Висновки. Для формування дієвої системи медичного забезпечення військ і цивільного населення на воєнний час та на випадки надзвичайних ситуацій необхідна відповідна нормативно-правова база, загальнодержавна програма побудови системи воєнної охорони здоров’я, відповідне її фінансове та матеріальне забезпечення і контроль виконання запланованих заходів на найвищому державному рівні.
As consequências das políticas públicas inclusivas em uma escola da rede municipal de ensino de Novo Hamburgo/ RS
Authors: De Brida Eduardo Geller , Sperling André Kristoschek , Duarte Juliano Alvarenga , Einhardt Lenon Araujo , De Lima Lucas Gracioli , De Assunpção Roger Cadena , Cruz Tiago Darold , Dos Santos Vinicius Santos
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho aborda os pressupostos históricos e sociopolíticos da Educação Inclusiva, enfatizando a Educação Física e questionando quais foram as implicações geradas pelas políticas inclusivas em uma Escola Municipal de N.H., nos últimos quinze anos. Objetiva-se identificar como era a realidade da escola no período da implementação da Lei nº 9.394/96 (LDB) e desta forma, contextualizar os acontecimentos com a realidade atual. O estudo adotou o paradigma qualitativo com o objetivo observacional descritivo, utilizando como delineamento metodológico o estudo de caso, tendo como sujeitos de estudo alunos, ex-alunos, responsáveis e membros da escola. Para a coleta dos dados, foi realizada a observação direta na escola, entrevistas semiestruturadas, anotações no diário de campo e análise de documentos. Através da análise, evidenciou-se nos resultados que as políticas inclusivas provocaram uma melhora na efetivação dos direitos legais e nas condições das escolas e do ensino. As consequências mais relevantes se referem a atuação conjunta do AEE com o ensino regular e, sobretudo, a viabilização da interação dos alunos nas aulas, possibilitando aos alunos com deficiências o direito de se desenvolverem integralmente (físico, cognitivo, social e afetivo). Desta forma, conclui-se que apesar da distância entre a realidade atual e o que fora idealizado pelas políticas, elas podem ser consideradas efetivas no que se propuseram, tendo em vista as grandes mudanças constatadas.
El Conectivismo, un nuevo paradigma para la educación
Authors: Torres Elvis Maximo Alvarez , Pérez Nadia Yanira Maycock , Cardenas Katherine Jazmin Alvarez , Cardenas Bryan Samir Alvarez
Published: January 2022

La educación es un proceso complejo cuyo desarrollo tiene poco tiempo de vida (500 años aproximadamente), comparativamente con la existencia del ser humano y las primeras señales de la escritura iconográfica que datan de hace 35,000 aC. Evidenciados en las cuevas de Altamira –España (Alvarez, 2020); los avances de la educación se han mantenido siempre ligados al desarrollo del conocimiento, el mismo que tiene su punto crítico en 1450 dC. con la invención de la imprenta por parte del orfebre Johannes Gutenberg quien marcó un antes y un después en la construcción del conocimiento, la ciencia y la historia, en vista que con este descubrimiento se logró impulsar la generalización del conocimiento en la sociedad. Desde el punto de vista de la Educación, la escolástica de Santo Tomás de Aquino en el siglo XI dC. marcó sus inicios, cuyos procedimientos corresponden a un método académico donde el estudio se somete al principio de la autoridad docente (la letra con sangre entra), y la enseñanza se limitaba al principio de repetición de los clásicos, el mismo que en algunos casos se mantiene hasta nuestros días. La presente investigación tiene como propósito la implementación de un nuevo paradigma educativo acorde a la modernidad: el Conectivismo desarrollado por Siemens (2004) como plataforma de cambio del sistema educativo vigente; la investigación hace un recuento del sistema educativo en los 200 años del bicentenario hasta el siglo XXI, transcurriendo el conductismo, cognitivismo, constructivismo y actualmente el constructivismo social. Cabe destacar que Méndez-Mantuano (2021) explica que en el siglo XX las ciencias pedagógicas se han venido debilitando en el mundo entero y no son vistas como ciencias educativas cuestionándose su rol dentro de la sociedad. En la misma secuencia, desde 1960 con la implementación de los sistemas informáticos se han logrado avances extraordinarios en las diversas disciplinas científicas y tecnológicas que no se han alineado al sistema educativo nacional por intereses subalternos.
Metalepsis in Animation: Paradoxical Transgressions of Ontological Levels. By Erwin Feyersinger (Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2017), 163pp.
Authors: Zitzelsberger Florian
Published: January 2022

This is a review of Metalepsis in Animation by Erwin Feyersinger.
Remaking Columbine
Authors: Vith Johannes Walter
Published: January 2022

High school shootings in the United States generally receive enormous amounts of journalistic coverage and thus spark a lot of public interest. However, the topic appears to be taboo for mainstream cinema, and there are barely any films about real-life school shootings. This article seeks to show that Gus Van Sant's Elephant (2003) is both an enlightening exception to this seeming contradiction and an interesting response to the popular narratives surrounding the Columbine High School shooting of 1999. The film is not only unique in its portrayal of a real-life school shooting but also in the way that it approaches the topic. There are three important processes that make this depiction of the Columbine High School shooting so powerful: remaking, remediating, and reflecting. First, Van Sant's film is a remake of Alan Clarke's 1989 film of the same name. Clarke's film depicts several incidents of gun violence in Northern Ireland without any commentary, and Van Sant employs the same techniques in his film about gun violence at a school. Second, the film critiques the discourse around the shooting, as it remediates video games for its filmic rhetoric. Lastly, Gus Van Sant de-narrativizes the shooting and creates a reflective space for the audience. These three aspects all influence the film's storytelling and cinematography, which aim at promoting reflection rather than providing a straightforward narrative.
Can Financial Development Help in Raising Sustainable Economic Growth and Reduce Environmental Pollution in Pakistan? Evidence from Non Linear ARDL Model
Authors: Amjad Muhammad Asif , Asghar Nabila , Rehman Hafeez Ur
Published: January 2022

It is a global challenge to reduce environmental pollution and enhance sustainable economic growth.  This study explores the role of financial development as an instrument in reducing environmental pollution and enhancing sustainable economic development in Pakistan for the period 1980-2020. The Non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) econometrics technique has been utilized to find the association between environmental pollution, economic growth, and financial development. The results show that positive shocks of financial development increase economic growth and reduce environmental pollution. While the negative shocks of financial development increase both economic growth and environmental pollution. Globalization has negative impact on economic growth and the use of energy increases economic growth and environmental pollution. The study suggests that the State Bank of Pakistan and other financial institutions should formulate and implement soft loan policies to induce the private investors to use low carbon emission technologies.
"Oi, Meu Nome É…" x "Me Poupe": Influenciadores Digitais e a Reação dos Consumidores
Authors: Pasquotto  Andreoli Tais , De Assis Vieira Barbara
Published: January 2022

O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a atuação de influenciadores digitais no protagonismo de campanhas publicitárias em termos de reação dos consumidores, comparando-se uma influenciadora com trajetória de sucesso, boa visibilidade, ligação com a marca anunciada e motivação de endosso além da financeira (caso personificado pela ‘A’) e outra com repercussão midiática negativa e questionamentos sobre a ligação com a marca e a motivação (personificado pela ‘B’). O procedimento metodológico envolveu, primeiro, uma abordagem qualitativa, com caráter descritivo, realizando uma contextualização dos casos, com coleta e análise de dados secundários acerca das influenciadoras digitais supracitadas; e segundo, uma abordagem quantitativa, realizando um experimento, com coleta de dados por meio do monitoramento ocular remoto (eyetracker) e questionários. Foi possível visualizar que os influenciadores digitais de fato interferem na reação emocional dos consumidores às peças publicitárias protagonizadas por eles, tanto em termos de direcionamento de visualizações/fixações, quanto de mensuração objetiva ulterior.