bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chromatin Remodelers Interact with Eya1 and Six2 to Target Enhancers to Control Nephron Progenitor Cell Maintenance
Authors: Li Jun , Xu Jinshu , Jiang Huihui , Zhang Ting , Ramakrishnan Aarthi , Shen Li , Xu Pin-Xian
Published: October 2021

Significance Statement

Understanding how the precise gene expression states that define nephron progenitor cell identity are established and maintained is crucial for developing approaches to repair or regenerate the damaged nephron. Combination of Eya1-Six1/2 has been explored in inducing nephron progenitor–like cell reprogramming. This study uncovers a critical role for chromatin-remodeling SWI/SNF complex through interactions with Eya1-Six2 in nephron fate induction and maintenance and identifies critical factors, including Pbx1, as direct targets of SWI/SNF and Eya1-Six2. The properties of chromatin remodelers as transcriptional coregulators and Pbx1 in hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal suggest that they may be combined with Eya1-Six1/2 in reprogramming nephrons.

Background

Eya1 is a critical regulator of nephron progenitor cell specification and interacts with Six2 to promote NPC self-renewal. Haploinsufficiency of these genes causes kidney hypoplasia. However, how the Eya1-centered network operates remains unknown.

Methods

We engineered a 2×HA-3×Flag-Eya1 knock-in mouse line and performed coimmunoprecipitation with anti-HA or -Flag to precipitate the multitagged-Eya1 and its associated proteins. Loss-of-function, transcriptome profiling, and genome-wide binding analyses for Eya1's interacting chromatin-remodeling ATPase Brg1 were carried out. We assayed the activity of the cis-regulatory elements co-occupied by Brg1/Six2 in vivo.

Results

Eya1 and Six2 interact with the Brg1-based SWI/SNF complex during kidney development. Knockout of Brg1 results in failure of metanephric mesenchyme formation and depletion of nephron progenitors, which has been linked to loss of Eya1 expression. Transcriptional profiling shows conspicuous downregulation of important regulators for nephrogenesis in Brg1-deficient cells, including Lin28, Pbx1, and Dchs1-Fat4 signaling, but upregulation of podocyte lineage, oncogenic, and cell death–inducing genes, many of which Brg1 targets. Genome-wide binding analysis identifies Brg1 occupancy to a distal enhancer of Eya1 that drives nephron progenitor–specific expression. We demonstrate that Brg1 enrichment to two distal intronic enhancers of Pbx1 and a proximal promoter region of Mycn requires Six2 activity and that these Brg1/Six2-bound enhancers govern nephron progenitor–specific expression in response to Six2 activity.

Conclusions

Our results reveal an essential role for Brg1, its downstream pathways, and its interaction with Eya1-Six2 in mediating the fine balance among the self-renewal, differentiation, and survival of nephron progenitors.
Yurt Dışında Yaşayan Türkler ve Türkçe Eğitimi: İngiltere Örneği (Genel Durum, Sorunlar ve Öneriler)
Authors: BASKIN Sami , TOYRAN Mehmet
Published: October 2021

İngiltere’ye çeşitli zamanlarda yerleşmiş yarım milyondan fazla Türk bulunmaktadır. Bu Türkler, dil ve kültürlerini korumak için faaliyetler yürütmektedir. Bunlardan birisi de çocuklarına Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersini aldırmaktır. İngiltere’de Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi, Türkiye’den ve Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nden (KKTC) gelen öğretmenler tarafından verilmektedir. 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılı itibarıyla 38’i Türkiye’den, 11’i KKTC’den olmak üzere toplam 49 öğretmen tarafından bu ders verilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersinin İngiltere’de nasıl, nerede, hangi şartlarda verildiğini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi bir fenomen olarak düşünülmüş ve fenomenolojik bir araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Londra Eğitim Müşavirliğine bağlı olarak görev yapan 10 öğretmenle bir odak grup görüşmesi gerçekleştirilmiş ve beş farklı konuda (ders ortamları, öğretmenler, öğrenciler, veliler, ders araç-gereçleri) onların görüşleri alınmıştır. Yapılan görüşmenin kayıtları analiz edilmiş ve bir bütünlük arz edecek şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, İngiltere’de Türkçe ve Türk Kültürü dersi için tahsis edilmiş belirli bir yer olmadığı; cami, halk eğitim merkezi veya resmi okullarda tahsil edilen odalarda eğitimin yapıldığı; her branştan öğretmenlerin bu ders için görevlendirildiği; ders araç gereçlerinin genellikle öğretmenler tarafından hazırlandığı; ulusal sınavlara Türkçe dersinden girenlerin derse daha fazla ilgi gösterdiği; velilerin ders açılması için çaba gösterdiği ancak ders açıldıktan sonra öğrenme ortamıyla çok fazla ilgilenmedikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Kişiler Bakımından Çeviri Çocuk Romanları ile Yerli Çocuk Romanlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: MUTLU Hasan Hüseyin , SET Gülşah
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada çeviri çocuk romanları ile yerli çocuk romanlarındaki karakterler, nitelikleri, türleri, oluşturulma yöntemleri ve karakter eğitiminde kullanılıp kullanılamaması bakımından incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın evrenini en çok baskı yapan çeviri ve yerli çocuk romanları oluşturmaktadır. Örneklemini ise José Mauro De Vasconcelos'un Şeker Portakalı adlı çeviri çocuk romanı ve Zülfü Livaneli'nin Son Ada'nın Çocukları adlı yerli çocuk romanı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın kuramsal çerçevesi oluşturulurken çocuk edebiyatı, çocuk edebiyatı yapıtlarının özellikleri, karakter kavramı ve karakter eğitimi başlıkları hakkında literatür taranmış, elde edilen bilgiler ve ilgili değerlendirmeler sunulmuştur. Çalışma, nitel araştırma türlerinden temel nitel araştırma deseni ile yapılmıştır. Doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılarak veriler toplanmış; incelenen romanlardaki karakterlerin nitelikleri, türleri, oluşturulma yöntemleri ve karakter eğitimi açısından değerleri belirlenmiş, tablolar halinde gösterilmiştir. Karakterler genel olarak benzer özelliklerde oluşturulmuş; hayvanseverlik, meraklılık, akıllı olma, duygusallık gibi özelliklerin çeviri ve yerli çocuk romanlarının kahramanlarının genelinde ortak özellikler olduğu görülmüş ve karakterlerin çoğunun, karakter eğitiminde kullanılabilecek yapıda oluşturulduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Yaratıcı Yazma Etkinliklerinin Ortaokul 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Öykü Yazma Becerilerine Etkisi
Authors: TÜRKYILMAZ Mustafa Burak , ARI Bülent
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışma yaratıcı yazma etkinliklerinin ortaokul 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin öykü yazma başarıları üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019- 2020 öğretim yılında Hatay ili Antakya ilçesinde yer alan bir ortaokulda 7. sınıf düzeyinde öğrenim gören 67 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Ön test son test kontrol gruplu desenin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada deney grubunda 33, kontrol grubunda ise 34 öğrenci yer almaktadır. 12 hafta yürütülen çalışmada deney grubunda yaratıcı yazma etkinlikleri ile dersler yürütülürken kontrol grubunda ise mevcut ders kitabı etkinlikleri ile öğretim sürdürülmüştür. Ön test ve son test amacıyla öğrencilere belirlenen öykü konularından biri hakkında bir öykü yazmaları istenmiştir. Deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin ön test ve son testleri ise “Öykü Yazma Becerisi Ölçeği” doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda deney grubundaki öğrencilerin son testte almış oldukları puanların ortalamalarının, kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin almış oldukları son test puanlarının ortalamalarından anlamlı bir şekilde yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Öykü Yazma Becerisi Ölçeği alt boyutlarında da deney grubundaki öğrencilerin puanları ile kontrol grubundaki öğrencilerin puanları arasında deney grubu lehine anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda yaratıcı yazma etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin öykü yazma başarısında mevcut programda yer alan etkinliklere göre daha etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Öğrencilerin yazma becerilerine katkı sağlayabilecek olması nedeniyle ve bu durumun öğrencilerin yazmaya karşı tutumlarını olumlu etkileyebilecek olması nedeniyle yaratıcı yazma etkinliklerinin ortaokul ders kitaplarında yer alması önerilebilir.
Kitap Okuma Etkinliklerinin ve Resimli Öykü Kitaplarının Niteliği ile Sosyoekonomik Açıdan Dezavantajlı Çocukların Dil Gelişimleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: DENİZ Ayşegül , GÖNEN Mübeccel
Published: October 2021

Bu araştırmada kitap okuma etkinliklerinin ve resimli öykü kitaplarının niteliği ile okul öncesi eğitim alan alt sosyoekonomik düzeydeki ailelerden gelen çocukların alıcı ve ifade edici dil sözcük bilgileri ve dil gelişimleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırma alt sosyoekonomik düzeyde beş yaş grubundaki 181 çocuk ve onlara eğitim veren 21 okul öncesi öğretmeni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çocukların alıcı ve ifade edici dil sözcük bilgisi düzeylerini belirlemek için TİFALDİ; alıcı ve ifade edici dil gelişimi düzeylerini belirlemek için ise TEDİL ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin kitap okuma etkinliklerini değerlendirmek için araştırmacı tarafından Kitap Okuma Etkinliği Öğretmen Değerlendirme Formu (KOD) geliştirilmiş; kitap merkezinde yer alan ve etkinlik sırasında okunan resimli öykü kitaplarını değerlendirmek için Resimli Öykü Kitaplarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre resimli öykü kitaplarının niteliği ve kitap okuma etkinliklerinde alıcı dili destekleme, ifade edici dili destekleme ve etkinlik ortamı niteliği ile çocukların alıcı ve ifade edici dil sözcük bilgileri ve dil gelişimleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Öykünün etkili okunmasının niteliği ile alıcı ve ifade edici sözcük bilgisi ve dil gelişimi arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır. Beş yaş çocuklarının sözel dil performansını anlamlı olarak yordayan değişkenlerin sırasıyla ailenin aylık geliri, ailenin çocuğa kitap okuma sıklığı, çocuğun alıcı dil sözcük bilgisi, çocuğun ifade edici dil sözcük bilgisi ile öğretmenin ifade edici dili destekleme puanları olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Auditoría ambiental de una empresa minera que explota agregados pétreos
Authors: López Juvinao Danny Daniel , Bermúdez Mejía Aylin Gissela , Mozo Cantillo Yofre Emiro
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Realizar una auditoría ambiental, con el fin de identificar las diversas problemáticas existentes, describir medidas de manejo ambientales, examinar el cumplimiento de la normatividad ambiental y proponer estrategias ambientales en una empresa minera dedicada a la explotación de agregados pétreos en La Guajira, Colombia. Metodología: La investigación es de carácter descriptiva, de revisión documental y observación directa, con diseño de campo, no experimental y de corte transeccional correlacional-causal. Para recolectar la información, se aplicó una lista de chequeo y un cuestionario estructurado por 57 ítems, aplicando la validez y confiabilidad mediante el criterio de expertos. Resultados: Los principales hallazgos indican que el trabajo por la gestión ambiental de la empresa minera no es el adecuado respecto a las obligaciones ambientales que determina la normatividad ambiental, entre ellos se encuentran los problemas de degradación ambiental, deforestación y emisiones de material particulado. Conclusiones: Se requiere de una mejor organización ambiental y una aplicación rigurosa de medidas de manejo ambiental que mitiguen, compensen, prevengan o corrijan los efectos negativos, teniendo en cuenta que las aplicadas a término medio se fortalezcan y además se establezcan nuevas estrategias y medidas de manejo ambiental para cumplir con la normatividad ambiental vigente.
Modelamiento matemático de la extracción asistida con ultrasonido de compuestos bioactivos presentes en la cebolla (Allium cepa L.): revisión y análisis teórico
Authors: Gómez Córdoba Elizabeth , Jiménez Panchalo Angie Lorena , Vallejo Castillo Vladimir Ernesto
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Establecer un modelamiento matemático de la extracción asistida con ultrasonido de compuestos bioactivos presentes en la cebolla de bulbo. De esta manera tener bases sólidas para aplicar el modelo obtenido en posteriores investigaciones y procesos de obtención de compuestos bioactivos en dicha materia prima. Con este modelo se podría predecir resultados en cuanto al rendimiento en un tiempo establecido, para así facilitar la toma de decisiones en el proceso de extracción.

Metodología o método: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de modelos matemáticos de la cinética de extracción asistida por ultrasonido de cebolla. A continuación, se determinaron los parámetros de cinética de extracción teóricos a partir de una referencia bibliográfica con el fin de establecer el modelo matemático más adecuado para representar la cinética de extracción.

Resultados: A partir del análisis estadístico para todos los modelos evaluados se obtuvo valores de coeficiente de determinación (R2) superiores a 0,98, sin embargo el modelo que presento mayor ajuste y un menor valor para la raíz del error cuadrático medio (RMSE) fue aquel que se fundamenta en la segunda ley de Fick.

Conclusiones: La alta precisión del modelo matemático seleccionado permitió predecir con un nivel de confianza del 95 % el rendimiento de la extracción asistida por ultrasonido de la cebolla de bulbo.
Condiciones acústicas en las aulas de clase: Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Durán Urón Armando Engels , Jimeno Martínez Marjith Gabriela , Rodríguez Barraza Daniela Sofía , Meléndez Serrano Angie Isabel , Palacios Alvarado Wlamyr , Mendoza Cáceres Daniel Alfonso
Published: October 2021

Resumen

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión de la literatura relacionada con normas y criterios utilizados en la acústica de las aulas de clase y las variables de estudio de tiempo de re verberación, inteligibilidad de la palabra y ruido de fondo. Metodología o método: Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en la base de datos Scopus, publicados entre enero de 2015 y agosto de 2020, relacionados con la calidad acústica en las aulas de clase cuyas variables de estudio fueran el tiempo reverberación, inteligibilidad de la palabra y/o ruido de fondo. Posteriormente se estudió y analizó el contenido de cada uno de ellos. Resultados:  La literatura recopilada mostró que el 31.1% de los estudios evaluaron el tiempo de reverberación y que así mismo, este es el parámetro que se incumple en mayor medida. Se identificó que la calidad acústica en las aulas de clase es predominantemente mala. El 37.8% de las causas de disconfort acústico en las aulas estuvieron asociadas a la ausencia de materiales de absorción acústica. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la cantidad de estudios en calidad acústica de los recintos educativos es significativa, y que éstos, muestran la necesidad de mejoras en los aspectos constructivos de las instituciones. Además, se encontró que la calidad acústica puede tener impactos en la percepción de bienestar y en la salud de los estudiantes y profesores. Se evidenció la utilización de métodos matemáticos como algoritmos y simulaciones para la identificación de mejoras en la acústica de los centros educativos.
Sovereignty Fever: The Territorial Turn of Global Cyber Order
Authors: Wu Chien-Huei
Published: October 2021

This paper argues that the utopia of a borderless and interconnected cyberspace loses its charm and the global cyber order is witnessing a territorial turn. The proliferation of the notion of cyber sovereignty and its variances is a symptom reflecting sovereign states' attempt to retain autonomy and control gradually eroded with the digitalisation of societies and economies. The sovereignty fever can be attributed to four reasons: political ambition, economic value, security concerns, and human rights. However, sovereignty is not the last word in debates concerning the future of digital society, for even liberal democracies have advanced ideas of technological or digital sovereignty, and data sovereignty, for their own very different purposes.
The Role of the Internet in International Law-Making, Implementation and Global Governance
Authors: Ciampi Annalisa
Published: October 2021

This paper delves into influence of the internet on international law and global governance, a phenomenon that increased incrementally over the last decade before the COVID-19 emergency precipitated it. It posits that the digital world birthed whole new 'territories' where the practice of states and other actors is recorded and displayed, but it also exists independently from the physical realm. With respect to law-making, the internet acts as both a sounding board for, and an originator of, international practice. New technologies and social networks have also certainly increased the availability of information to governments and the public regarding violations of international norms. Yet, they have created a new – online – environment in which internationally wrongful acts can be committed. This further qualifies, yet does not make less significant, the relevance of the internet for the implementation of international law. The paper further submits that technological power has become a fundamental force of leverage in global governance, akin to economic, military, and political might for states and a wide range of non-state actors alike. Big Tech companies and other corporations but also civil society, social and political groups, and individuals are all potential stakeholders participating formally and informally (or to be included) in the sharing of power. Notwithstanding the difficulty to articulate a concept that comprehensively rationalises the impact of the internet on the processes and structures of international law and governance, the paper highlights a gap between the theory and practice of international law and offers a contribution in this direction.
What’s new for the clinician – summaries of recently published papers
Authors: Yengopal Veerasamy
Published: October 2021

To date, very few treatments have been demonstrated to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Although corticosteroids have been proven to reduce mortality in severe disease, there has been little convincing evidence on interventions that may prevent disease, reduce hospitalizations, and reduce the numbers of people progressing to critical disease and death. Ivermectin is a well-known medicine that is approved as an antiparasitic by the World Health Organization and the US Food and Drug Administration. It is widely used in lowand middle-income countries to treat worm infections. Also used for the treatment of scabies and lice, it is one of the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines.1 With total doses of ivermectin distributed apparently equalling one-third of the present world population,1 ivermectin at the usual doses (0.2–0.4 mg/kg) is considered extremely safe for use in humans.1 In addition to its antiparasiticactivity, it has been noted to have antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, leading to an increasing list of therapeutic indications. South African authorities approved the use of a drug used to control parasites in humans and livestock to treat coronavirus patients. Additionally, in January 2021, the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) announced that ivermectin, would be allowedfor use on compassionate grounds in a controlled-access program. Ivermectin locally has been used for the prevention and/or management of Covid-19 infection. This has resulted in a huge black market trade of ivermectin in South Africa as many health professionals and others have taken to social media and other platforms to profile this drug as an effective treatment for the covid-19 viral infection. Roman and colleagues (2021)1 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate treatment effects of Ivermectin (IVM) on clinical outcomes and adverse events (AEs) in people with COVID-19.
Comparative efficacy of sedation or analgesia methods for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis v1
Authors: Hayashi Minoru , Kano Kenichi , Kuroda Naoto , Yamamoto Norio , Shiroshita Akihiro , Kataoka Yuki
Published: October 2021

The objectives are as follows: To review systematically comparative efficacy of sedation or analgesia methods for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation.
Serologic profile of bovine alfaherpesvirus type1 (BOHV-1) and pestivírus A (BVDV-1) in herds of a family farming of the Sao Paulo State
Authors: Curci V. C. M. , Costa R. L. D. , Alexandrino B. , Borges L. A. , Romaldini A. H. C. N. , Moreli F. C. G. , Bozzi A. R. , Samara S. I.
Published: October 2021

Serum samples from 719 dairy cattle of reproductive age, from 47 farms in a settlement in the municipality of Andradina, São Paulo, were analyzed for the presence of antibodies against the Nebraska strain of BoHV-1 and Singer type 1 of BVDV-1, using the virus neutralization technique (VN). Regarding BoHV-1, 72.0% of the samples analyzed (518/719) were positive, with a geometric mean of antibody titers of 318. For BVDV-1, 44.8% of the samples were reactive, only one farm had no reactive animals, and the majority of antibody titers found in the animals' sera were low. The results of this study revealed that BoHV-1 was present in all of the studied herds, with moderate titration in the majority of cases, with the presence of some high individual titers among the tested animals. Also, even with the reactivation or circulation of BoHV-1 in herds, the clinical disease was not observed, an epidemiological finding that also applied to BVDV-1. In view of the results obtained, the circulation of diseases in family farm herds in the studied region was evident, suggesting the need to study local risk factors and improve health education policies as a way to prevent or reduce the prevalence of these diseases.
Simulation study of 6–10 kV cable lines for transient processes calculation during earth faults
Authors: Shuin V.A. , Kutumov Yu.D. , Kuzmina N.V. , Shadrikova T.Yu.
Published: October 2021

As a rule, researchers do not consider the dependence of the inductance of cable lines on frequency in their scientific papers devoted to the calculation of transient processes during single phase-to-ground fault in 6–10 cable networks. In some cases, it can lead to significant errors in evaluation of current and voltage transient components parameters. Therefore, it is an urgent task to estimate defined errors and the scope of application of frequency-independent equivalent circuits and models of 6–10 kV cable lines during calculation and simulation of transient processes in case of single phase-to-ground fault. The authors applied PSCAD / EMTDC software to study the effect of the frequency dependence of the inductances of 6–10 kV cable lines on the calculation accuracy of transient processes during single phase-to-ground fault. It allows to simulate electric power systems models with the usage of both frequency-dependent and frequency-independent cable line models with round conductors only. To check the adequacy of the frequency-dependent three phase cable model developed in PSCAD software, the authors have used a frequency-dependent model of 6–10 kV three-phase cable with sector-shaped conductors designed in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The authors have developed an approach to develop of 610 kV cable lines models with frequency-dependent and frequency-independent parameters. The authors have obtained error estimation in transient current and voltage parameters during single phase-to-ground fault in cable networks models that do not consider the frequency dependence on inductance (for discharge components the error is 1520 %, for charging components the error is equal to 510 %). It is shown that models with cable line parameters defined according to spreading speed of electromagnetic wave, can be used for approximate calculation of transient current and voltage to solve most of tasks of investigation of transient processes during single phase-to-ground faults. Application of the developed recommendations to determine three phase medium voltage cable lines parameters will increase the calculation accuracy of transient processes during single phase-to-ground faults in 6–10 kV cable networks. Only application of frequency-dependent models of cable lines allows us to provide required accuracy to develop methods of distant earth fault localization in 6–10 kV networks.
IMPROVEMENT OF CADETS' LANGUAGE TRAINING IN THE FRAMEWORK OF ACADEMIC COOPERATION
Authors: Pashchuk Y. , Kamentsev D. , Pasichnyk S.
Published: October 2021

The paper focuses on developing of cadets' language training (CLT) in the professional military education (PME) schools in the framework of the Ukraine-NATO and Ukraine-EU academic military cooperation. It identifies an urgent need in improving the language training of cadets due to the contradictions between the required level of language proficiency for future officers (level 2 according to STANAG 6001) and insufficient foreign language skills of a considerable number of graduates from Ukrainian PME schools. Academic military cooperation is considered as important area of activities to domestic and partner-nation PME schools. Its main objective is to ensure integration of national military education in the global educational space. Such cooperation is mutually beneficial and allows Ukraine to develop capacity to influence the international security system; improve the Ukrainian Army operational capabilities and acquire interoperability with NATO forces. The main means to achieve these goals are implementing the Euro-Atlantic standards, perfecting the Ukrainian servicemen training, including improving CLT. The paper examines the key directions of the Ukrainian academic military cooperation with NATO and EU in developing CLT in the framework of adopted programs. It describes main aspects of these projects and their implementation mechanisms as well as key advantages, opportunities and achievements of such cooperation. Based on the effectiveness assessment of existing academic military cooperation programs, it was concluded that they have a positive impact on improving the CLT with use of open access to training resources, intellectual achievements, modern training technologies and best practices of partner countries. The main tasks for further development of the academic military cooperation include perfecting support to CLT, improving professional development of the faculty and implementing innovative forms of education.
About the phenomenon of auto-hemoagglutination
Authors: Ermolenko A. I.
Published: October 2021

The phenomenon of autoagglutination was first noted by Klein in 1890. It consists in the accumulation of erythrocytes with serum or citrated plasma of the same blood. The nature of this process was only later clarified by the isolation of a special form of gluing of erythrocytes, the so-called. pseudoagglutination or false autoagglutination. Macroscopically, it is extremely easy to mix both types of agglutination, microscopically, it is more difficult, since in most cases it is easy to distinguish heaps of erythrocytes, consisting of the coin columns formed by them.
Helminthic invasion in malaria patients
Authors: Permyakov F. K.
Published: October 2021

In the light of modern teachings, parasitic worms are considered not only as causative agents of helminthic diseases, very diverse in etiology and clinical course, but to a large extent also as the primary source of very frequent infectious diseases, as inoculators of microbial flora, as a factor that acts with its poisonous properties on the body, disrupting normal organ function and predisposing it to other diseases and to severe disease. With the development of most infectious diseases, the first role belongs to worms, and the second to bacteria; the course and death of the disease should be considered as the result of the combined destructive work of both. One should not be hypnotized by germs only (Cadeak).
Cancer resources
Authors: Aber S. M.
Published: October 2021

Based on the study of each individual case and their aggregate, on the desire to note and assess the observed symptoms and applying an individual approach to the development of this topic, we hoped to get at least a few valuable touches and move further from the dead center very many questions of the unresolved problem. Hence, their schemes for study proposed by many authors will become clear; but often a kind of clinical picture does not fit into a ready-made framework; it is necessary with a greater degree of certainty, in accordance with their experience and the prevailing conditions of work, to create still new ones others. A collective study of all the available material on cancer and will create an accurate and informed judgment for the further fight against it. The foregoing served as an incentive to study 203 inpatiently conducted cases of cancer (3.4%) out of 6000 of all surgical patients who passed from 1923 to 1917 inclusive.
Fibroids in the postpartum period
Authors: Bublichenko L. I.
Published: October 2021

Although fibroids are the cause of sterility, according to many authors in 20-30% or even more, the onset of pregnancy with this disease is far from an exceptional phenomenon. Based on the material from the State. obstetrician. gynek. Institute for 1908-1927 inclusively, 85 fibroids in the postpartum period were ascertained, which is 0.17% for the entire number of urgent premature births and miscarriages (45771). Excluding miscarriages,% of fibroids in the postpartum period = 0.2% (for 36599 term. And pre-birth. 74 fibroids). Our figures fit the figures of Hessenberger, who for 19294 births in 1913-1923 found a% of complications with fibroids 0.2%. It is possible that fibroids are not always recognized at the time of delivery. So, according to the material of Ganelina for the maternity hospital named after Snegirev for 95,000 genera, fibroids were found in only 0.03%. It is interesting that in the past, complications of childbirth with fibroids, apparently, were observed more often, perhaps because women with complications of the labor act more often ended up in maternity hospitals, compared with normal childbirth. So, according to Pinard,% of patients with fibroids = 0.6%, according to Pozzi, 0.7%. The great rarity of complications of childbirth with fibroids at the present time can also be explained by the fact that recently patients with fibroids are more often subjected to surgical treatment during pregnancy and before its onset.
The use of acetic acid thallium in fungal diseases
Authors: Potashnik M. B.
Published: October 2021

The huge spread of fungal diseases in the USSR forces us to look for affordable methods of treatment that could be applied in the areas most affected. Medical treatment with various disinfecting ointments without hair removal does not achieve the goal, while conventional hair removal with tweezers is possible only in cases with sharply limited and small lesions. The use of X-ray therapy is not always available due to the lack of a sufficient number of X-ray units, and not in all cases this therapy can be carried out. Therefore, the method of hair removal with thallium acetate, proposed by Buschke, aroused great interest.
Chloroform anesthesia or toxicosis from a biochemical point of view
Authors: Kessel F. K.
Published: October 2021

Investigating the effect of chloroform anesthesia on blood lipase, I found that the increase in the lipolytic effect of blood reaches a maximum eight hours after anesthesia, and then 9 hours, 10 hours 11 hours, 12 hours, 13 hours keeps on one and the same the same level; it remains at the same level in a day. MA Nimtsovitskaya and SM Schwartz, investigating, apparently, only three hours and 24 hours after anesthesia, misinterpreted the time of the appearance of the maximum effect they noticed. According to my research (J. Exp. Biol. And Med., 1926, No. 5) in cases of a short deep normally flowing anesthesia by the very end of the second day, there is a slight weakening of the increased effect, which also contradicts the authors' data a little.
A case of acute spontaneous gangrenous balanoposthitis
Authors: Leizerovsky A.
Published: October 2021

Gangrenous and phagedenic balanoposthitis are in most cases a complication of ulcers of venereal origin: ulcus durum, ulcus molle and ulcus mixtum. Occasionally they appear after a perverted coitus, with diseases of the oral cavity (stomatitis, angina Vincenti), after coitus per rectum (with a disease of the rectum). In some cases, the reasons can be traumatic, thermal, chemical, inappropriate therapy. Often, with unclean maintenance of the genitals, partners after coitus may experience vulgar erosions, which cause balanoposthitis. But often gangrenous and phagedenic balanoposthitis can occur completely independently (spontaneously), when none of the above reasons can be found, even without previous coitus. Such spontaneous gangrenous balanoposthitis was first described in 1883 by Fournier; it is characterized by the fact that it occurs in full health and is extremely intense.
The state of the peripheral circulatory system in infectious diseases
Authors: Agafonov F. D.
Published: October 2021

The state of blood circulation and the causes of its disorder, both in chronic and, in particular, in acute infectious diseases, have always been of great interest to both clinicians and pathologists. Since the time of Laennec, who first drew attention to the weakness of the heart muscles in those who died from febrile diseases and emphasized, like Louis, weakness and fragility of the heart muscle, they began to look for the causes of these disorders in the state of the heart muscles. A significant success in the study of diseases of the heart muscle in infectious diseases was the teaching of Virchow about parenchymal inflammation, confirmed by Bttcher for typhoid and Mosler for diphtheria. While these authors spoke only about parenchymal inflammation of the heart muscle, Hayem was able to establish under the same conditions also interstitial myocarditis, and later productive endoarteritis of the coronary vessels, which, causing vascular thrombosis, could be the cause of sudden death during typhoid.
A. D. Kaplan. First aid station in industrial plants. V. A. Obukh Institute for the Study of Occupational Diseases. Moscow, 1928 Publishing house of the Moszdravotdel
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: October 2021

With the present rapid rate of growth of the industrialization of the country and the reconstruction of the socialist economy with its huge factories, factories, state and collective farms under construction, the question of first aid points becomes urgent. The appearance of this brochure in print should be hailed as the first experience of analyzing the problem of a first aid station in production from an organizational and surgical point of view. The author raises in detail and broadly the question of the approach of the attending physician to production, of the structure of the first aid station for the successful treatment of injuries and its prevention. Concerning the organizational form of the item, the author believes that this institution should not have medical functions, but only the provision of first aid, and should be organizationally individualized according to the characteristics of the injury rate of this enterprise. Due to the fact that it is not possible to get a sufficiently qualified specialist for such a point - a doctor, the standardization of first aid should be carefully developed: typification of stopping bleeding, handling a wound, burn, fracture, typing of dressings, etc. In addition, the responsibilities of the point should be immediate transportation of the victim to the nearest medical institution.
Prof. M. Ya. Breitman. Dictionary of clinical terminology based on the latest Russian and foreign sources. Issue IV. Ed. Practical Medicine 1929. Price 4 rubles
Authors: Belsky S. A.
Published: October 2021

With the publication of the 4th edition of the dictionary by prof. Breitman, we have completed a great work on medical lexicography. One can disagree with the author's peculiar spelling like "gynecology", "Pasteur", etc., but one can in no way dispute the value and necessity of this manual for our time. The absence of such reference books on the book market, as well as the doctor's ignorance of a foreign language, often puts him in a difficult position when he wants to establish the exact pronunciation, spelling or meaning of a clinical term. Therefore, the dictionary of prof. Breitman will undoubtedly serve for a long time to be a reliable reference in all matters concerning clinical terminology. It is very good that the author also gives an indication of the pronunciation of surnames and proper names. At this point, everyone may be puzzled. The dictionary will solve them. In this note, we will allow ourselves to note some errors and controversies regarding terms in the interest of correcting them for the 2nd edition.
Electrocardiography, its development and importance for internal medicine
Authors: Raysky S. M.
Published: October 2021

A. Hoffmann (Mnch. Med. Wschr., No. 8, 1929), highlighting the device of the electrocardiograph, the history of its issue and the technique of using it, notes its greatest practical value in recognizing arrhythmias and suggests taking electrocardiograms in all three leads of Eynthoven for comparison them among themselves.
How to differentiate cardiac asthma from other asthmatic seizures and what treatment to use
Authors: Raysky S. M.
Published: October 2021

Prof. I. Donath (Dio Arztrliche Praxis, No. 5, 1929. Medizinisches Seminar) notes cases of the possibility of an easy delimitation of cardiac or pulmonary asthma from other types of suffocation, and at the same time cases where it is very difficult to make such a delimitation, as, for example, in old people-emphysematics with chronic bronchitis and a weak heart who have shortness of breath as a result of both heart and lung disease. In these latter cases, anti-broncho-asthmatic agents (astmolysin, lysostmin, belladonna and iodine) are successfully used simultaneously with cardiac ones. For pure cardiac asthma, morphine and its derivatives remain the best remedy. Since in some cases it is impossible to establish the absence of a pulmonary component in the etiology of this asthma, and morphine is contraindicated in pure pulmonary asthma, morphine should always be given in combination with caffeine or cardiazole. In many cases, seizures are stopped by injections of pituitrin, pituisan or pituglandol in an amount of 0.5 to 1.0 cm3, as well as nitrites, theobromine, and teominal. Cases of cardiac asthma, leading to symptoms of heart failure and pulmonary edema, are subject to cardiodiuretic therapy, and the best and fastest way is intravenous administration of digipurate in combination with aminophylline or salirgan.
Complement rejection reaction
Authors: Weinstein A.
Published: October 2021

Saphir used the complement rejection reaction in 5 cases of typhoid fever (Wien. Klin. Woch., 1929, no. 33) and observed the superiority of this reaction over Widal's reaction in the sense of sensitivity and earlier appearance, which is why it can serve as a very valuable laboratory method in diagnostics of typhoid fever.
Simplified paravertebral anesthesia technique and its application
Authors: Tsimkhes I.
Published: October 2021

C. Fervers (Zentralbl. F. Chir. No. 37, 1929), in order to avoid complications, inserts the needle with paravertebral anesthesia one finger away from the spinous processes towards the angle formed by the transverse process and the edge of the vertebral body (the outer end of the needle with the midline forms an angle of 20 -30 ). The designated angle is located normally in the thoracic part of the spine near the upper edge of the spinous process, in the lumbar part, in the middle of the lower edge of the spinous process. In this way, the needle easily reaches the vertebral wall, and the injected fluid washes the ramus anter. ram. communicans. During operations, the author recommends using paravertebral anesthesia only for unilateral processes, such as appendicitis, cholelithiasis, kidneys and ureters and hernias. For the purposes of differential diagnosis and therapy, paravertebral anesthesia can be used.
A new combination treatment for lupus vulgaris
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: October 2021

A new method of combined treatment for lupus vulgaris is offered by Demuth (Dermal. Ztschr. Bd. 56, H. 2/3, 29), which he tested on "large material" and which consists in the fact that the patient is lubricated from the outside with the composition: ac. pyrogall., resorcini albi, ac. salicyl aa 7.0, talci ven., gelanthi Unna aa 5.0, and in addition, intravenous infusions of sulfates (Godyl, Plospanine) at a dose of 5 kb are used. see 2% solution daily. The author points out that the ointment treatment works quite vigorously in small lesions, but in large lesions, the proposed combination is recommended, the action of which is based on the fact that the pyrogall ointment is better tolerated, the convalescent tissue granulates more intensively and, finally, relapses are very rare.
Serological diagnosis of gonorrhea
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: October 2021

Alf. Cohn (Derm. Ztschr. Bd. 55, H. 2) gives detailed instructions for the preparation of a specific antigen, patient serum, and also describes in detail the technique of the Bordet-Gengou reaction itself. The author received as a result of his observations with acute gonorrhea in men 40% pos. responses, for chronic 60% and for complicated 80-100%. The results are especially demonstrative in gonorrhoid arthritis (100%). It is important to use the reaction in doubtful cases, when microscopic and bacteriological examinations do not give the necessary answer for making a diagnosis. If people who do not have gonorrhea are vaccinated, the reaction may be positive. If a positive reaction persists for months or years, you need to look for a focus with gonococci. According to the author, the complement fixation reaction cannot replace the previously tested diagnostic methods, but it complements them. Together with bacteriological and clinical research methods, the reaction sometimes helps to understand the diagnosis of difficult cases.
Clinical observations of serological diagnosis of gonorrhea
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: October 2021

Carl Funk (Derm. Ztschr. Bd. 55, H. 2, 1929) performed a complement rejection reaction in 600 gonorroics and in 100 people with various other diseases, and in acute gonorrhea A. received 60% of positive results, in chronic - 80%, with epididymitis 90%, with prostatitis and spermatocystitis 97%, with arthritis, bursitis and tendovaginitis 97%. The brightness of the reaction is observed on the 14th day after the onset of the disease. According to the author's observations, the reaction is characterized by great specificity, only in isolated cases (polyart. Reumatica) there is a nonspecific delay in hemolysis. The reaction is of great service in differentiating doubtful cases of inflammation of the appendages, eyes, joints, heart disease and gonococcal sepsis and a number of other diseases of the genitourinary sphere. Stable positive, the reaction of deviation of complement in cases of establishing the fact that gonorrhea has been cured indicates the presence of a hidden focus with gonococci.
To the treatment and cure of gonorrhea
Authors: Dmitriev A.
Published: October 2021

Schollz (D. m. W. No. 31, 29), on the basis of his many years of experience in the treatment of gonorrhea, indicates that Protargol and Albargin remain the best drugs to this day, because they act not only in a killing manner on gonococci, but also exert their influence on mucous membrane in the sense of its impregnation. In cases where gonococci sit deep in tissues (prostata, epididymis, ovaries), the author recommends using protein therapy. In stubborn cases, it is recommended to "Fieberbehandlung" with hot baths or inoculation with malaria. To establish the fact that gonorrhea has been cured, the author uses microscopic examination after a series of provocations, and also examines the patient with the help of cultures. An excellent means for establishing the cure of gonorrhea is the B.-G. reaction, and a negative reaction that occurred after the previous positive one is more likely to speak for a cure, while a persistent positive reaction indicates the need for a series of repeated microscopic and bacteriological studies.
Conference of the Physiological Section of the Society of Physicians at Kazan University, dedicated to the memory of prof. N. A. Mislavsky
Authors: Sergievsky M.
Published: October 2021

The conference opened on Tuesday, May 21st at 6 pm in the auditorium of the Physiological Laboratory of Med. faculty chaired by prof. K. R. Viktorov, at whose suggestion the memory of prof. N.A.Mislavsky was honored by standing up. After a short introduction, an honorary presidium was elected. The selected were: from the Kazan Society of Physicians - prof. And P. Vasiliev, from the Society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists prof. A. V. Favorsky, dean of the medical faculty prof. T. I. Yudin, the oldest professor of med. faculty V. S. Gruzdev, the oldest physiologist of Kazan prof. A. F. Samoilov, the oldest student of N. A. Mislavsky prof. R. A. Luria, prof. J. Snapper and student representative.
Improvement of doctors for the 15th anniversary of October
Authors: Bogolyubova V. L.
Published: October 2021

The fifteenth anniversary of the Great Proletarian Revolution, which rebuilt the entire life of our state and laid the foundation for the great socialist construction of our country, makes us, workers of improving doctors, turn our eyes to the path traveled in the retraining of medical personnel, set by the October Revolution to completely new beginnings.
On the question of the so-called. “Summation of disability”.
Authors: Vigdorchik N. A.
Published: October 2021

In the practice of medical insurance expertise, from time to time, there are cases when a person who is being certified for disability has at the same time defects so to speak of various insurance values.
The path of OMKUZ traumatics
Authors: Friedland M. O. , Novikova G. M.
Published: October 2021

The task of this work was to trace the stages of the path taken by traumatics of the Kazan plant OMKUZ, starting from the working machine, and to check the situation and the surgical preparedness of institutions that provide medical assistance to traumatics.
Effect of hydrogen sulfide on blood gas composition
Authors: Volynsky A. S.
Published: October 2021

During the first tentative examination of Matsesta's personnel working in conditions of toxic concentration of hydrogen sulfide, we felt an urgent need to conduct parallel experiments on animals.
Chorion epithelioma and the biological response of Zondçk-fischheima to pregnancy
Authors: Tarlo B. S.
Published: October 2021

The study of the ovarian-endocrine system has entered a new stage since the discovery of a biological reaction, which makes it possible to judge the specificity and activity of the manufactured preparations of the endocrine glands.
Soviet psychoneurology in 15 years
Authors: Geimanovich A. I.
Published: October 2021

Starting to review the successes of Soviet psychoneurology, let us first dwell on the state of both psychiatry and neurology in pre-revolutionary times, on the history of their development in tsarist Russia.
Soviet Medicine Week in Germany
Authors: Aksyantsev M. I.
Published: October 2021

At the initiative of medical scientists and scientific societies in Germany, headed by prof. Kraus organized a week of Soviet-German medicine.
Treatment of stomach ulcers with subcutaneous injections of pepsin. Glaessner (Rg. Med. 1932, No. 4)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: October 2021

Glaessner describes (Rg. 1932, No. 4) 13 (X cases of ulcerative diseases treated with subcutaneous administration of neutral pepsin.
BCG Lancelot vaccination (Pr. Med. No. 42, 1932)
Authors: Kramov N.
Published: October 2021

Lancelot reports (Pr. Med. No. 42, 1932) of a 5-year observation of children in the city of Rochelle, where of 2694 children not vaccinated with BCG during the first year of life, 9.9% died, while among 1800 children vaccinated with BCG, mortality in the same period it was only 5.2%.
P. Trendlenburg. Hormones vol. 1. p. 330. Honey. Giz. 1932. Price 4 rubles. 60 k.
Authors: Breitman M.
Published: October 2021

In the foreword by prof. NK Koltsev notes both the advantages and disadvantages of this book.