bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo de política nutricional e alimentar escolar
Authors:   Unidade Local de Saúde  de Matosinhos Rua de Alfredo Cunha,  n.º 365,  4450-021 Matosinhos,  Portugal, Monteiro Mariana , Magalhães Tânia ,   Unidade Local de Saúde  de Matosinhos Rua de Alfredo Cunha,  n.º 365,  4450-021 Matosinhos,  Portugal
Published: December 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Os hábitos alimentares das crianças e adolescentes em Portugal estão desadequados, contribuindo para o excesso de peso e para o aparecimento de comorbilidades. A teoria ecológica do desenvolvimento refere que estes hábitos são influenciados por diversos fatores, como por exemplo, pela escola (microssistema) e políticas (exossistema). A “escola” constitui-se essencial para implementar políticas nutricionais e alimentares com vista à Promoção da Saúde. OBJETIVOS: Criar um modelo de Política Nutricional e Alimentar Escolar. METODOLOGIA: Pesquisa nas bases de dados Scopus, PubMed e Google Académico, de acordo com as recomendações Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, utilizando a expressão de pesquisa: (student OR school) AND (nutrition OR food) AND policy, com limite temporal 2010 a 2020 e selecionando os tipos de artigo: ensaios clínicos e revisões. RESULTADOS: O modelo de Política Nutricional e Alimentar Escolar que surgiu, pressupõe a coordenação por uma equipa multidisciplinar e está dividido em dois eixos: ambiente alimentar escolar (normativos legais e referenciais estratégicos relativos à alimentação escolar, para os refeitórios, bufetes e máquinas de venda automática de alimentos e bebidas; aproveitamento dos programas alimentares; marketing de alimentos e bebidas; regulação da oferta alimentar na escola em ocasiões especiais) e comunidade escolar (educação alimentar, articulação com serviços de saúde escolar; articulação com organizações governantes, entidades colaboradoras e/ou empresas de restauração colectiva). CONCLUSÕES: A existência de um modelo de Política Nutricional e Alimentar Escolar é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de intervenção nas escolas. Contudo, a eficácia das intervenções que têm por base este modelo de Política Nutricional e Alimentar Escolar ainda não foi determinada. Encontra-se em desenvolvimento uma estratégia piloto em dois Agrupamentos de Escolas do concelho de Matosinhos, que servirão de teste a este modelo.
Sal - perspetiva histórica, composição química, consumo, preço, doenças associadas e alternativas
Authors:   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal, Neto Inês , Cravo Liliana ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal, Valente Mariana ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal, Peixoto Íris ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal, Martinha Inês ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal, Braga-Pontes Cátia ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal,   Center for Innovative  Care and Health  Technology (ciTechCare)  do Instituto Politécnico  de Leiria, Campus 5,  Politécnico de Leiria,  Rua de Santo André,  n.º 66 - 68,  2410-541 Leiria, Portugal, Jorge Rui ,   Escola Superior de  Saúde de Leiria do Instituto  Politécnico de Leiria Campus 2 - Morro do  Lena, Alto do Vieiro -  Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal,   Center for Innovative  Care and Health  Technology (ciTechCare)  do Instituto Politécnico  de Leiria, Campus 5,  Politécnico de Leiria,  Rua de Santo André,  n.º 66 - 68,  2410-541 Leiria, Portugal,   Escola Superior de  Desporto de Rio Maior do  Instituto Politécnico de  Santarém,  Av. Dr. Mário Soares,  n.º 110,  2040-413 Rio Maior,  Portugal
Published: December 2023

Há cerca de 8 mil anos a espécie humana iniciou a exploração de sal, levando à sua troca e comercialização, sendo este usado principalmente como forma de conservar alimentos e consequente ingestão, tendo sido posteriormente utilizado como forma de tempero. O sal pode ser extraído da água do mar, depósitos minerais, lagos salinos, salmouras e de incrustações de superfícies, possuindo grande impacto a nível socioeconómico, cultural, simbólico e religioso. O sal é um dos principais fornecedores de sódio, um ião essencial à vida, que quando em défice ou em excesso aumenta o risco de doenças (e.g. cardiovasculares, renais e ósseas). Na maior parte dos países o consumo de sal é superior ao limite máximo recomendado (5 g diárias). Com o objetivo de reduzir esse consumo tem-se procurado alternativas, como por exemplo ervas aromáticas, especiarias, condimentos com baixo teor de sódio, sal light, sal de potássio e salicórnia.
İlk Dönem Sûfîlerin Vahyi Anlama Usûlleri: Muhâsibî ve İbn Atâ Örneği
Authors: BAYRAKCI Sami
Published: December 2023

Hicri II. ve III. asırlar, tasavvuf ilminin teşekkül ettiği yüzyıllar olması itibariyle söz konusu dönemde yaşamış sûfîlerin Kur’an’la ilişkileri ve vahiy algıları; gerek tefsir ilmi, gerek tasavvuf ilmi açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bununla birlikte vahyin hem algılanma biçimi, anlama yöntemi, hem de tefsir edilmesi bağlamında bu dönem sûfîlerinin görüşlerine dair yapılmış çalışmalar henüz istenilen seviyede değildir.

Sûfîler, vahyin genel olarak kişiyi amele ve manevi terbiyeye yönlendirme bağlamında ifade ettiği değere yaptıkları vurgunun yanısıra, vahyi hem epistemolojik hem de ontolojik bağlamda ele alış biçimleriyle İslam düşünce tarihinin erken dönemlerinde zengin bir birikim ortaya koymuşlardır.

Bu çalışmada er-Riâye li-Hukûkillah adlı eseri ilk tasavvufî eserlerden sayılan Ebû Abdillâh el-Hâris b. Esed el-Muhâsibî el-Anezî (v. 243/857) ve ilk tasavvufî tefsir müellifi kabul edilen Ebü’l-Abbâs Ahmed b. Muhammed b. Sehl b. Atâ el-Edemî (v. 309/922)’nin görüşleri merkeze alınarak, aynı yüzyıllarda yaşamış başkaca sûfîlerin görüşlerine de müracaat etmek suretiyle dönemin sûfîlerinin vahyi anlama usûlleri ve bu usule dair önerileri ele alınacaktır.
Kur’ân ile Filozofların Tasvir Ettiği Akıl Kavramı Aynı Şey Midir?
Authors: TAŞ Nusret
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmada Kur’ân’da bahsedilen akıl kavramı ile filozofların konu edindiği akıl kavramının mahiyeti ve işlevi ele alınmıştır. Amaç, İslam dininin temel kaynağı olan Kur’ân ile felsefi düşüncenin temsilcileri olan filozofların akıl kavramının mahiyeti ve işlevine dair yaklaşımlarını benzer ve farklılıkları bakımından değerlendirmektir. Özü itibarıyla sözlü bir hitap olan Kur’ân’ın temel amacı, muhatapları iman etmeye ve imanın gereğini yerine getirmeye ikna etmektir. Filozoflar ise öncelikle “akıl nedir, nasıl oluşur, nasıl gelişir, nasıl işler” sorularının cevaplarına yoğunlaşmaktadırlar. Bununla birlikte siyaset ve ahlak felsefesi bağlamında pratik akıl ve akletme fiillerine de yer vermektedirler. Felsefe tarihinde akıl kavramı bağlamında karşılaşılan ilk kavramlar, Herakleitos’un (MÖ 535-475) Logos ve Anaksagoras’ın (MÖ 500-428) Nous kavramlarıdır. Fakat akıl teorilerini ruh teorisi bağlamında temellendiren ilk filozof Platon (MÖ 427-347); bunu salt form, göksel akıllar, faal akıl ve insani akıllar; insani akılları da bilkuvve-bilfiil akıl ve teorik-pratik akıl olarak tasnif ederek sistemleştiren Aristoteles (MÖ 384-322) olmuştur.
Sanat Terapisi Sürecinde Aktif İmgelem Tekniğinin Jung Perspektifinden Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: HEKİMOĞLU Fatma Gülsüm
Published: December 2023

Carl Gustav Jung’un, yaşam mücadelesi sırasında iç alemindeki dinamikleri anlamlandırma süreci, yaşamının eşsiz bir sanat eseri haline dönüşmesini sağlamıştır. Yaptığı seyahatler, mitolojiye olan merakı, astroloji bilgisi, kadim teorilere yönelik hakimiyeti, farklı kültürlerden almış olduğu birikimler ve sanat ruhlu bir yapıda olması gibi bir dizi niteliği onun orijinal ve zengin bir ekol oluşturmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. Yarattığı kavramlar, teknikler ve yöntemler insanın doğasında mündemiç olan potansiyellerin keşfini ve varlığının ötesine geçişini sağlayan farkındalıkların anahtarı niteliğinde olmuş ve Sanat Terapisi (Art Therapy) alanının köklerini oluşturmuştur. Ayrıca ruhun derinliklerini bütünsel olarak keşfetmeye yol olmasıyla terapi alanında sıklıkla kullanılmış ve böylece onun bilinçdışı ile bilincin uzlaşımını ve bütünleşmesini sağlama amacı da kendini gerçekleştirmiştir. Sanat terapisinde aktif imgelemin kullanımı, kendini keşfetmek, kendini gerçekleştirmek, yeniden inşa etmek, iç dünyadaki yapılarla yüzleşmek, varlığının derin boyutlarıyla bütünleşmek isteyen bireyler için alternatif bir pusula niteliğinde olmaktadır.
19. Yüzyıl Hindistanı’nda İhya Hareketleri: Seyyid Ahmed Şehid ve Tarikat-ı Muhammediyye Örneği
Authors: KARAYİĞİT Kazım , BAĞLIOĞLU Ahmet
Published: December 2023

Hint altkıtasında XVIII. yüzyıl itibari ile Şah Veliyyullah ile başlayan dinin bidat ve hurafelerden arındırılması fikri XIX. yüzyıla gelindiğinde onun takipçileri tarafından devam ettirilmiştir. Hanefi ve sûfi kimliği ile bilinen, hadis ve sünneti öne çıkaran Şah Veliyullah Dihlevi, XVIII. yüzyılda Hint altkıtasında dinin bid’at ve hurafelerden arındırılmasında aktif rol oynayan kişilerin başında gelmektedir. Bid’at ve hurafelere karşı başlatılan bu mücadele XIX. yüzyılda da devam etmiştir. Seyyid Ahmed Şehid, Şah Veliyyullah geleneğinde yetişmiş olsa da Hintli Müslümanlar arasında yaygın olan sûfi inançlara tepki göstermiştir ve bunları şirk olarak görmüştür. O, bölgedeki dini bozulmanın nedenini taklid anlayışı ve sûfi ritüellerinde görmüştür. Seyyid Ahmed Şehid’in Hintli Müslümanların dini yönden bozulduğunu düşündüğü bir dönemde, Sihlerin ve İngilizlerin müslümanlara olan baskı ve zulmüne karşı kurduğu Tarikat-ı Muhammediyye hareketi, ona siyasi bir kimlik kazandırmıştır. Bu makalede Hint altkıtasında sözü edilen yüzyılda Seyyid Ahmed Şehid ve onun liderliğinde ortaya çıkan Tarikat-ı Muhammediyye hareketinin fikirleri ve bölgedeki etkisi ele alınacaktır.
How Fintech Peer to Peer Lending Affected MSMEs Financial Access: Case Study Amartha
Authors: Suryani Indah Permata , Suri Atika Gando , Shafira Zahra
Published: December 2023

The recent emergence of financial technology (FinTech) is believed to be able to solve SME problems related to access to capital sources. One of the popular fintech business models is the online lending platform (Peer to Peer Lending) which is growing rapidly in Indonesia. This research will focus on one of the Peer to Peer lenders registered in Indonesia which has helped MSMEs in rural areas, namely PT Amartha Mikro Fintek (amartha.com). This study will reveal how P2P lending empowers MSMEs to support their business. This research will use descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The research results show that P2P lending is an integral part of the Indonesian financial system and increases MSME inclusion. PT Amartha Mikro Fintek's micro loan model expands access. However, long-term sustainability depends on wise regulation and governance to ensure consumer protection as well as innovation.
COMPARISON OF STEMMING AND SIMILARITY ALGORITHMS IN INDONESIAN TRANSLATED AL-QUR'AN TEXT SEARCH
Authors: Suzanti Ika Oktavia , Jauhari Achmad
Published: December 2023

The long history of information retrieval did not begin with Internet. Prior to widespread public daily use of search engines, in the 1960s information retrieval systems were discovered in commercial and intelligence applications. There are two stages in Information Retrieval in doing its main job which is to preprocessing text and to calculate similarity between term (word) and query (keyword) user searched for in a document. Stemming is final stage of pre-processing in an information retrieval system. The way stemming works is to remove affixes from a word, in form of prefixes, suffixes and insertions into form of basic word. Thus, in this paper we did compare search on information retrieval system without using stemming algorithm, using stemming Porter, Nazief & Adriani and Enhanced Confix Stripping with similarity method used is cosine similarity and dice similarity. Based on test results, text search ability on dice similarity is faster in stemming process with Porter Stemmer and ECS algorithms. While in Nazief & Adriani algorithm and without stemming, cosine similarity is faster than dice similarity.
IMPLEMENTATION OF FACE RECOGNITION USING GEOMETRIC FEATURES EXTRACTION
Authors: Hidayat Risanuri , Wibowo Muhammad Oka Bagus , Satria Brama Yoga , Winursito Anggun
Published: December 2023

The face is among the biometric objects used to recognize oneâ€™s identity. There are various face recognition system methods that can be applied, one of which is geometric features-based face recognition. Geometric features are unique features extraction of oneâ€™s facial components. These features are obtained by calculating the comparison values of the distance measurement between facial components served as a reference like eyes, nose, and mouth. This research implemented a face recognition system using the geometric features method on a significantly low-spec computer system. This implementation was carried out by building a system, installing it on a computer system, and then testing it using laptops or computer devices and the camera web. The face recognition system would process the facial input images, extract their geometric features, and match the results with the data stored in the database. The research results were a low-spec computer system that could recognize its users by providing real-time feedback in the form of usersâ€™ names with an accuracy of 98%.
OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE IN QUADCOPTER NAVIGATION USING MODIFIED LOCAL MEAN K-NEAREST CENTROID NEIGHBOR METHOD
Authors: Prasetyo Hendy , Agustinah Trihastuti
Published: December 2023

Quadcopter is a type of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology, characterized by simple mechanical structure, ease of flying and good maneuvering. In its usage, the quadcopter is required to evade obstacles in its path. Thus, an obstacle avoidance system in a 3D space with both static and dynamic obstacles is. Avoidance direction is determined by considering nearest distance based on the dimensions of the obstacle. Due to limited battery capacity, the quadcopter also needs to consider energy efficiency in obstacle avoidance. The obstacleâ€™s properties and movement direction are also needed in considering the correct avoidance direction. Using a modified Local Mean K-Nearest Centroid Neighbor (LMKNCN) algorithm results in a 97.5% accuracy for avoidance direction decision. The learning process between training data and testing data yielded a computation duration of 0.142341 seconds. The simulations showed that the quadcopter is able to avoid static and dynamic obstacles to reach its destination without collisions.
SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF LEAGUE OF LEGENDS: WILD RIFT REVIEWS ON GOOGLE PLAY USING NAÃVE BAYES CLASSIFIER
Authors: Khadijah Khadijah , Sabilly Nur , Nugroho Fajar Agung
Published: December 2023

League of Legends: Wild Rift is a mobile game with more than 48 million downloads worldwide. The game publishers could earn profit from selling item in the game (in-app purchases). Performance of player and players' impressions during the first week usually determine whether players would made in-app purchases or not. Therefore, it is important to understand the player opinions so that the game publisher could encourage the players to increase the in-app purchases. Therefore, this research utilized sentiment analysis to study the player opinions about the League of Legends: Wild Rift game based on the reviews given by the players on the Google Play Store. The sentiment analysis was applied by using Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) algorithm which was well known for achieving good accuracy in the sentiment analysis task. In addition, data preprocessing and feature extraction should be carried out properly to increase the accuracy of the classifier. Therefore, this research investigated the impact of using stemming and transformation of informal words into formal words in the preprocessing stages, then compared two feature extraction algorithms, namely Term Frequency â€“ Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Bag of Words (BOW). From the experiment, it was found that the use of stemming could decrease the accuracy of the classifier, but the use of transformation of non-standard words into standard words could improve the performance of the classifier, for both feature extractions, BOW and TF-IDF. In this case, BOW feature extraction was able to achieve better performance, compared to TF-IDF. The best model was achieved when not using stemming, applying the transformation of informal words into formal words, and using BOW bigram feature extraction, with the accuracy of 79,3%, precision of 82.10%, recall of 83.50%, and f1-score of 82,8.10%.
A nonvolatile magnon field effect transistor at room temperature
Authors: Ding Haifeng , Cheng Jun , Yu Rui , Miao Bingfeng , Sun Liang , He Kang , Ji Tongzhou , Yang Man , Zhang Zeyuan , Niu Heng , Yang Xi , Chen Gong , Xiao Jiang , Hu Xueli , Huang Fengzhen , Lu Xiaomei
Published: December 2023

Information industry is one of the major drivers of the world economy. Its rapid growth, however, leads to severe heat problem which strongly hinders further development. This calls for a novel and non-charge-based technology. Magnon, capable of transmitting spin information without electron movement, holds tremendous potential in post-Moore era. Given the cornerstone role of the field effect transistor (FET) in modern electronics, creating its magnonic equivalent is highly desired but remains as a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a nonvolatile three-terminal lateral magnon FET operating at room temperature. The device consists of a ferromagnetic insulator (YIG: Y3Fe5O12) deposited on a ferroelectric substrate (PMN-PT: Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)0.7Ti0.3O3), with three Pt stripes patterned on YIG as the injector, gate, and detector, respectively. The magnon transport in YIG can be regulated by the gate voltage pulses in a nonvolatile manner with a high on/off ratio. Our findings provide a solid foundation for designing energy-efficient magnon-based devices.
An Inverse Boundary-Type Meshfree Method for Identification of 2D Elastic Properties of Anisotropic Solids
Authors: Hematiyan M.R. , Khosravifard A. , Mohammadi M. , Shiah Yui-Chuin
Published: December 2023

There are six elastic constants for an anisotropic body in plane strain/stress conditions. In the inverse problem of this study, it is assumed that the elastic constants of an anisotropic body are unknown, while the displacements or strains at several sampling points of the body under static loading are provided. For the first time, a boundary-type meshfree method, i.e. the method of fundamental solutions, is used for solving the problem, where the sensitivity analysis is performed by direct differentiation of the discretized equations. For that, the closed-form relations for sensitivity of the displacements/strains with respect to the elastic constants are analytically derived. Using a numerical study, it is shown that the proposed sensitivity analysis is much more advantageous compared to traditional finite difference approximation. A simple method for proper selection of initial guesses is also proposed. Two different example problems under plane strain and plane stress conditions are provided to investigate the accuracy of the proposed inverse method. Moreover, the effects of the number of measurement data, the measurement error, and the configuration of sampling points on the solution of the inverse problem are studied. It is observed that the solutions are more accurate in the cases where the sampling points are located at different parts of the body.
Viscosity-dependent swimming patterns assist Aliivibrio fischeri for symbiont partner finding
Authors: Lo Chien-Jung , Zhuang Xiang-Yu , Tseng Chao-Kai
Published: December 2023

Bacteria employ diverse swimming patterns for chemotaxis, influenced by factors including flagellar arrangements, motor rotation, flagellar filament configurations, and polymorphism. Understanding the chemotactic strategy of Aliivibrio fischeri in locating a squid partner is paramount for comprehending this highly species-specific symbiosis. In this study, we applied three-dimensional swimming tracking and real-time visualization of lophotrichous flagellar configurations. These techniques unveiled viscosity-dependent transitions in swimming patterns, shifting from push-pull to push-wrap modes. Notably, our research also revealed synchronized flagellar switching and polymorphic transformations during the wrap mode, significantly extending A. fischeri’s backward swimming duration and, consequently, its overall run time. This strategic adaptation allows A. fischeri to broaden its effective search range, particularly within high-viscosity environments like the squid light organ. In response to attractants, the synchronization rate is reduced to facilitate efficient short-range searching. These innovative chemotactic strategies ensure precise navigation for A. fischeri in locating and colonizing its symbiotic partner, the squid Euprymna scolopes.
Dynamic Functional Connectivity Encodes Generalizable Representations of Emotional Arousal But Not Valence
Authors: Ke Jin , Song Hayoung , Bai Zihan , Rosenberg Monica , Leong Yuan Chang
Published: December 2023

Human affective experience varies along the dimensions of valence (positivity or negativity) and arousal (high or low activation). It remains unclear how these dimensions are encoded in the brain and if the representations generalize across diverse situations. Here we utilized two publicly available functional MRI datasets of participants watching movies to build predictive models of moment-to-moment valence and arousal from functional correlations in brain activity. We tested the models both within and across datasets and identified a situation-general arousal representation characterized by the interaction between multiple large-scale functional networks. The arousal representation generalized to two additional datasets. Predictions based on multivariate patterns of activation underperformed connectome-based predictions and did not generalize. In contrast, we found no evidence of a situation-general valence representation. Together, our findings reveal a generalizable representation of arousal encoded in patterns of dynamic functional connectivity, revealing an underlying similarity in how arousal is encoded across affective contexts.
Permacrisis: A Psycho-Socio-Linguistic Analysis
Authors: Zatti Alberto
Published: December 2023

This research analyses the “word of the year 2022”: Permacrisis. Through the Semantic Differential tool (Osgood, 1964), 16 words were investigated among those most searched for in Google Search in the second half of 2022. Central questions are: What are the cultural differences in permacrisis connotation among five countries (Italy, France, United Kingdom, Germany and Poland)? What are the cultural differences in how permacrisis is connotated? How do different political orientations relate to the concepts of Politics and Democracy regarding permacrisis? The research showed how the Permacrisis is strongly linked to concepts such as Nuclear weapons, World War III and the COVID-19 virus. On a sample of 1273, the study showed evident cultural differences in permacrisis connotation, such as the emphasis on Weapons by the Italians or the Economic Crisis by the Germans. Statistical analysis reveals different anxieties: i.e. Italians fear losing their strength, the French anger about not being heard, while the British are anxious to remain socially isolated. A contrast between the concepts of Politics and Democracy was analysed on the sample's declarations of belonging to political orientations such as Conservatives, Christian democrats, Social democrats, Greens and the Left. Finally, the concept of Climate Crisis has been analysed, which results in the Semantic Differential, against any prevision, placed in a more peripheral orbit than the concepts associated with Permacrisis. Complete Tables and Figures can be consulted at the Open Science Framework URL https://osf.io/bwcp3/?view_only=be46b29bbf4d47ceba50138f82f2cd1d.
Activity patterns of European wildcat (Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777) in Cantabrian Cordillera (NE de España) and interactions with sympatric carnivores.
Authors: García Pablo Vázquez , Vázquez Víctor M. , Hartasánchez Alfonso , Pando Doriana , Alambiaga Iván , Gonzalez Juan S. Monros
Published: December 2023

Activity pattern of animals is a very important factor for understanding their behavior. The use of time among sympatric species is usually distributed, especially among those that interact in predator-prey or competitive relationships. With the use of photo-trapping cameras the time at which different species are active can be recorded, providing a very useful tool for this type of research. In this study, we analyzed photo-trapping cameras data collected over five years in the Cantabrian Cordillera with the aim of explore the activity pattern of the European wildcat (Felis silvestris) and compare it with sympatric species. More than 22,000 photographs were obtained, representing more than 9,000 wildlife events, including 20 mammal species. Of these, 464 corresponded to European wildcats. With these data, we observed that the species activity pattern is mainly crepuscular- nocturnal, although activity data for the species can be observed throughout the day. Differences in activity patterns at different times of the year were detected and could be related to breeding season, prey availability or human activities. Pattern comparison with other sympatric mesocarnivores revealed important insights into potential interspecific relationships within the study area.
Exploring the Challenges in Developing Reading Skills at the Tertiary Level: A Study in the Asian EFL Context of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahim Wakil ur , Nipa Meherun Nisa , Sami Samiha Rahman , Emti Sabrin Haque
Published: December 2023

This research Exploring into the multifaceted challenges confronted by tertiary students in developing reading skills within the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL), with a specific emphasis on the experiences of Bangladeshi university pupils. The focal point of the study revolves around reading strategies and skill development, shedding light on the second language reading concepts of these students. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the investigation incorporates a questionnaire survey administered to students and interviews conducted with three tertiary-level teachers. In the pursuit of a comprehensive understanding, secondary data, drawn from peer-reviewed journal articles, supplements the primary data collection. The amalgamation of questionnaire responses and insights gleaned from interview sessions articulates the perspectives of both students and teachers regarding the challenges associated with reading and its development. The research underscores the current state of tertiary students' reading strategies, elucidating the issues they encounter and proposing viable solutions. The study elucidates the significance of addressing the challenges faced by Bangladeshi university freshmen in conquering their apprehensions related to reading in English. Through a nuanced exploration of reading fears, the research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on English language education at the tertiary level. The narrative encompasses the intricacies of reading development, highlighting the shortcomings in reading skills among tertiary students and probing into the factors that precipitate these challenges, such as the dynamics of intensive and extensive reading. Crucially, the research engages with the concept of critical reading and its progressive expansion, elucidating the trajectory of reading skill development at the tertiary level. In conclusion, the study not only encapsulates the existing issues but also offers recommendations for mitigating the challenges associated with reading skills. These insights contribute significantly to the ongoing dialogue on the current state of English language education for Bangladeshi university freshmen, paving the way for a more informed and effective approach to fostering reading proficiency at the tertiary level.
The impact of large carnivore population density on sheep and goat losses in Slovakia
Authors: Finďo Slavomír , Gallay Igor , Mikušová Miriama , Skuban Michaela , Bučko Jozef
Published: December 2023

The population density of large carnivores is a crucial factor influencing livestock losses; however, existing research on this subject has produced conflicting results. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the population density of brown bears and Eurasian wolves and the resulting losses in sheep and goats due to these predators. We also compared the livestock losses caused by wolves and bears during a single attack. Our dataset comprised 1,285 wolf and 539 bear attacks recorded from 2007 to 2021. Over this period, wolves killed 6,286, and bears killed 1,345 sheep and goats. To assess the relationship between the mean density of large carnivores and the number of depredation events or combined sheep and goat losses, we employed a generalized linear model (GLM) with a log-link and a negative binomial error distribution. Additionally, we utilized a negative binomial generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) to compare differences in the mean number of animals killed per depredation event. Our results reveal an increase in sheep and goat losses and depredation events correlated with a consistent rise in wolf density. However, this pattern did not hold for bear density, as losses caused by bears significantly declined with an increase in their density. The mean number of sheep and goats killed per attack was higher for wolves (4.86) than for bears (2.48). Our research suggests that livestock damage may not necessarily escalate with an increase in the population density of predators, highlighting differences between wolves and bears.
Modelling the propagation of properties across services in cyber-physical energy systems
Authors: Narayan Anand , Brand Michael , Huxoll Nils , Hassan Batoul Hage , Lehnhoff Sebastian
Published: December 2023

Modern power systems, referred to as cyber-physical energy systems (CPESs), are complex systems with strong interdependencies between power and information and communication technology (ICT) systems. CPESs also have dependencies between the essential grid services. For instance, coordinated voltage control depends on state estimation, which depends on measurement acquisition. Due to the high relevance of these grid services for operating CPESs, assessing their performance is crucial for assessing the performance of a CPES. Most of these grid services are so-called ICT-enabled grid services, which means that they rely to a high degree on ICT. Accordingly, properties such as availability, correctness and timeliness, which depend on the involved software, hardware and data of the ICT system, must be considered for assessing the performance of an ICT-enabled grid service. Disturbances and repair actions in CPESs impact these properties, which can then propagate and affect the performance of a grid service as well as other dependent grid services. There is, therefore, a need for the ability to model the influence of the properties of software, hardware and data on ICT-enabled grid services for single services as well as across several services, resulting in a propagation of these parameters.
This paper proposes a meta model for assessing the performance of ICT-enabled grid services, which can be instantiated for different grid services considering their dependencies. A multi-dimensional operational state space, which serves as a visualisation of the performance of grid services in terms of their state trajectory, is also proposed in this paper. These contributions enable new possibilities for planning and vulnerability analyses: property changes in parts of the ICT system can be simulated to investigate their consequences throughout the ICT-enabled grid services. This is demonstrated by a case study with a state estimation service considering an exemplary CPES and scenarios with disturbances. The performance of this state estimation service considering the disturbances is then investigated using the proposed meta model, and the change in performance is visualised as trajectories in the proposed operational state space.
Association of inflammation-mediated blood heavy metals with plasma atherogenic index: NHANES analysis 2015-2020
Authors: Wang xue , zhang Ming xue
Published: December 2023

Heavy metal pollutants are widely present in a variety of environments, and several studies have shown that exposure to heavy metals is associated with the risk of atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism of this association remains unclear.AIP, as a biomarker for predicting cardiovascular events, can reflect the risk of atherosclerosis and the severity of blood vessel stenosis. Therefore, to explore the relationship between single metal and combined metal exposure and plasma atherosclerosis index. The study included data from the 2015–2016 and 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and assessed the mediating role of inflammation in adults. In a single metal model, a positive dose-response relationship was observed between the blood metal selenium (Se) and AIP, and a negative correlation between cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) and AIP. We construct weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR).In the WQS model, AIP increased significantly with the increase of the concentration of mixed heavy metals, while in the BKMR model, the results were consistent, with statistical significance. In addition, mediated analysis showed that HS-CRP-mediated elevations of 11.83% of blood selenium-associated AIP indicated that the metal caused an inflammatory response that aggravated atherosclerosis progression.
Epigenetic aging of seminal fluid is associated with inflammation
Authors: Feng Junxi , Rubbi Liudmilla , Kianian Reza , Mills Jesse Nelson , Osadchiy Vadim , Sigalos John Tucker , Eleswarapu Sriram Venkata , Pellegrini Matteo
Published: December 2023

Male infertility has been a primary cause of global infertility, affecting 8–12% of couples worldwide. Previous studies have shown that semen quality decreases with advanced aging with an increased presence of inflammatory cells. In this study, we examined the DNA methylation of seminal fluid to understand how the methylome changes with age and infertility. We also compare the age associated changes in semen to those observed in buccal swabs in order to characterize differences in epigenetic aging across diverse tissues. We found that infertility associated changes in the DNA methylation of semen are driven by changes in cell composition, while those associated with aging are linked to inflammatory genes. Many age associated sites are demethylated with advanced aging and are associated with the activation of inflammatory pathways. By contrast, we do not observe age associated changes in inflammatory genes in buccal swab methylomes, which instead are characterized by changes to bivalent promoters. Our study suggests that DNA methylation could serve as a biomarker for male infertility assessment in addition to the standard semen analysis.
Routine outpatient dermatological evaluation of kidney transplant recipients using dermatoscopy as an additional tool: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Caldas Adriana Cristina , Caldas Heloisa , Abbud-Filho Mario , Charpiot Ida MMF , Algazal Omar
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy following renal transplantation and leads to significant years of potential life lost. Dermatoscopy use in the routine clinical setting has shown promise in increasing the diagnosis of NMSC. Objectives. 1) To assess the prevalence of NMSC in renal transplant recipients (RTx) using the dermatoscopy (DC); 2) to identify associated risk factors; 3) to compare the accuracy of dermatoscopy with histopathological results.
Methods. A prospective study was conducted from January 2022 to January 2023 and 100 RTx from the outpatient clinic were randomly referred for dermatological examination and then divided into two groups: with NMSC (NMSC; n=39) and without NMSC (non-NMSC; n=61). RTx variables related to habits, tumor characteristics, and transplantation were analyzed.
Results: Clinical dermatological evaluation identified 23 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (59%) and 16 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (41%). Factors associated with NMSC included: male gender (OR=2); age over 50 years (OR=5.4); occupational sun exposure (OR=2.5); recreational sun exposure (OR=4.9); actinic keratosis (OR=6.5); family history of NMSC (OR=7.6); and induction with thymoglobulin (OR=2.4). The accuracy rate between clinical diagnosis and dermatoscopy compared to the final histological result after biopsy was 81.25% for suspected NMSC cases.
Conclusions: NMSC occurred in 39% of the evaluated RTx cases, with a family history and actinic keratosis being the main risk factors. Dermatoscopy diagnosed NMSC in 81%, and therefore, we suggest that this examination should be incorporated into routine evaluation.
Genetic distribution of bovine viral diarrhea virus in free-living cattle in China
Authors: Wang Huihui , Yang Xuanye , Hu Xinyan , Wang Jinqian , Cao Xiaoan , Zhou Jian-hua
Published: December 2023

According to sequencing of the 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) in viral genome, five strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) isolated from different provinces in China were genetically typed. The phylogenetic tree for BVDV 5’UTR displays that the isolated strain 22AH-1 is clustered into the genotype 1c clade, the strain 22-Gansu-F2 is clustered into the genotype 2a clade, the strains 22Anhui-7, 22-Sichuan-B8 and 22-Gansu-F3 are clustered into the genotype 2d clade. Depending on principal component analysis for synonymous codon usage pattern, BVDV strains generally exhibit the genotype-specific model. Although most synonymous codons are selected at the highly variable levels, the strongly suppressive usages focus on synonymous codons containing CG dinucleotides in all BVDV strains. Moreover, the plot of ENC value vs. GC3 content obviously shows that apart from nucleotide usage at highly variable patterns derived from mutation pressure, strong selective forces caused by natural selection mediate synonymous codon usage pattern of BVDV. Taken together, the related results give new insight into multiple selective forces acting on synonymous codon usage beyond nucleotide usage variation during BVDV evolutionary pathway.
Stock Market Analysis
Authors: HUANG DENGXIN
Published: December 2023

This document presents a stock market analysis conducted on a dataset consisting of 750 instances and 16 attributes donated in 2014-10-23. The analysis includes an exploratory data analysis (EDA) section, feature engineering, data preparation, model selection, and insights from the analysis. The Fama French 3-factor model is also utilized in the analysis. The results of the analysis are presented, with linear regression being the best-performing model.
Optical solitons perturbation and traveling wave solutions in magneto-optic waveguides with the generalized stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation
Authors: Tang Lu
Published: December 2023

The main purpose of this work is to study the optical soliton solutions and single traveling wave solutions of the generalized stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation in magneto-optic waveguides. With the help of the complete discriminant system technique and symbolic computation, a range of new single traveling wave solutions and optcial solitons are derived, which include Jacobian elliptic function solutions, dark solitons, trigonometric function solutions, singular solitons, rational function solutions , hyperbolic function solutions, periodic wave solutions and solitary wave solutions. Lastly, in order to understand mechanisms of complex physical phenomena and dynamical processes for the generalized stochastic Schrödinger-Hirota equation in magneto-optic waveguides, two-dimensional and three-dimensional diagrams are also drawn.
Review of Soil Loss Estimation in Ethiopia: Evaluating the Use of the RUSLE Model integrated with GIS and Remote Techniques
Authors: Terefe Baye
Published: December 2023

Soil erosion is one of Ethiopia's most severe ecological problems, affecting agricultural output, water quality, and ecosystem well-being. The RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) model is an extensively used tool for estimating soil erosion, but its applicability in Ethiopia has yet to be effectively evaluated. This article systematically examines the RUSLE model's application in estimating soil loss, emphasizing Ethiopia. A wide-ranging search technique was used to categorize appropriate research articles, books, and other sources related to the practice of the RUSLE model for estimating soil loss in Ethiopia for this review paper. This review observes the model's strengths and limitations, examines the factors contributing to soil erosion, and identifies region-specific strategies for effective soil conservation and mitigation. This review helps the management of soil erosion challenges in Ethiopia by advancing our understanding of the model's utility and providing valuable insights. The findings of this review presented here are critical for estimating soil erosion. They will play a more significant role in improving agricultural methods, protecting soil resources, and ensuring the overall ecological well-being of the country.
Petrography and geochemistry of Nyiragongo volcanic flows from 2002 and 2021: A comparative study
Authors: MUFUNGIZI Innocent , OHANGA Ndjate , KABULOA Jean , BONGELI Roda , HUBERT Tésor , DIAKONDUA Ridi , LOOLA Ruben
Published: December 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Marker-Assisted Introgression of ‘Co-14’ Gene to Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaries L.) against Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum)
Authors: Ebrahim Muhammed Sitote , Bisetegn Kassahun Bantte , RezeneTedla Yayis
Published: December 2023

Bean anthracnose is one of the major constraints for the production of common beans in Ethiopia. This study aims to introgress the Co-14 R-gene and creating parental bean cultivars with desirable traits as potential sources of resistance genes in breeding programs. Marker-assisted backcross breeding was used to introgress Co-14 R-gene tagged by CV542014 marker from the donor parent (KT-RWA77) to the recurrent parent (KT-IBMV4). Progenies in each generation were selected using sequence tagged site marker (CV542014). An experiment was conducted using parental lines, eight BC2F2 isolines, and two released varieties along with three anthracnose races (2047, 1716, and 2342) in the study for phenotypic evaluation of isolines against anthracnose pathogens. The experiment was conducted using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The collected data were analyzed using SAS 9.3 software. From genotypic selection, five BC2F2 plants were identified as introgressed lines for anthracnose R-gene from the crosses of KT-IBMV4 and KT-RWA77 with the aid of marker-assisted selection. The result indicated anthracnose R gene (Co-14) was successfully introgressed and traced with the MAS. Again, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences (p < 0.001) among the BC2F2 lines, races, and their interaction. Among the lines, four BC2F2 lines (Plant-3, Plant-5, Plant-9, and Plant-15) showed the lowest mean severity to the three tested races compared with other lines. The BC2F2 lines specifically plant-3 and plant-15 were selected with resistance to anthracnose and Co-14 marker presence. The two BC2F2 lines namely Plant-3 and Plant-15 could be recommended as sources of resistance to anthracnose disease. However, the remaining two BC2F2 lines viz. plant-5 and Plant-9 had resistance reaction to anthracnose disease and were recommended for production after verification where anthracnose disease is widely distributed. Generally, the identified lines would be used as parental materials for the next backcrossing program.
The Use of Artificial Neural Network for Modeling Adsorption of Congo Red Onto Activated Hazelnut Shell
Authors: Mesutoğlu Özgül Çimen
Published: December 2023

Activated hazelnut shell (HSAC), an organic waste, was utilized for the adsorptive removal of Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous solutions, and a modeling study was conducted using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). For the adsorption study, pH (3-9), initial CR concentration (5-400 mg/L), contact time (2-240 min.), and adsorbent quantity (0.5-10 g/L) parameters were investigated. Conducted in a batch system, the adsorption experiments resulted in a notable removal efficiency of 87% under optimal conditions. The kinetic data for hazelnut shell activated carbon (HSAC) removal of CR were most accurately represented by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Furthermore, the equilibrium data demonstrated a strong agreement with the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of HSAC for CR was determined to be 34.8 mg/g. Considering the various experimental parameters influencing CR adsorption, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model was constructed. The analysis of the ANN model revealed a correlation of 98%, indicating that the output parameter could be reliably predicted. Thus, it was concluded that ANN could be employed for the removal of CR from water using HSAC.
The use of on-screen calculator as a digital tool in technology-enhanced items
Authors: ERSAN Ozge , PARLAK Burcu
Published: December 2023

In this study, the effect of using on-screen calculators on eighth grade students’ performance on two TIMSS 2019 Problem Solving and Inquiry Tasks items considered as examples of technology-enhanced items administered on computers was examined. For this purpose, three logistic regression models were run where the dependent variables were giving a correct response to the items and the independent variables were mathematics achievement and on-screen calculator use. The data of student from 12 countries and 4 benchmarking participants were analyzed and some comparisons were made based on the analyses. The results indicate that using on-screen calculators is positively associated with higher odds of giving correct responses for both items above and beyond students’ mathematics achievement scores. The results of this study promote the inclusion of on-screen calculator as a digital tool in technology-enhanced items that require problem solving.