bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on H2SO4-catalyzed Alkylation: Combining Experiment and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Ma Zhihong , Sha Jialei , Zheng Weizhong , Sun Weizhen , ZHAO Ling
Published: September 2021

To enhance the catalytic performance of H2SO4-catalyzed alkylation,
various catalytic additives have drawn considerable attention. Herein,
the effects of deep eutectic solvents additives (DESs) on catalytic
performance and interfacial properties of H2SO4 alkylation were
systematically investigated using experimental methods and molecular
dynamics (MD) simulation. Experimental results indicate that DESs
additives with the optimal concentration about 1.0 wt% can efficiently
improve C8 selectivity and research octane number (RON) of alkylate.
However, DESs additives contribute less to the quality of alkylate at
low temperature and to the lifetime of H2SO4. MD results reveal that the
phenyl molecules of DESs additives play a major role in enhancing
interfacial properties of H2SO4 alkylation, including enlargement of
interfacial thickness, promotion of isobutane relative solubility and
diffusion to butene, which is probably the main reason for the better
quality of alkylate. This work gives a good guideline for the design of
novel DESs for H2SO4 alkylation.
Extrahepatic Mucinous Biliary Cystadenoma: A Rare Cause of Gastric Outlet Obstruction
Authors: Dhali Arkadeep , Ray Sukanta , Dhali Gopal Krishna , Khamrui Sujan , Ghosh Ranajoy
Published: September 2021

Extrahepatic Mucinous Biliary Cystadenoma is an extremely rare clinical
entity which can present with varieties of vague clinical signs and
symptoms. Gastric outlet obstruction caused due to this has never been
reported before. We highlighted the diagnostic dilemma we faced, when
radiological investigations couldnot suggest the accurate organ of
origin.
Role of CBF transcription factors during long-term acclimation to high light and low temperature in two ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: baker christopher , Stewart Jared , Amstutz Cynthia , Johnson Jeffrey , Ching Lindsey , Niyogi Krishna , Adams William W. , Demmig-Adams Barbara
Published: September 2021

When grown under cool temperature, winter annuals upregulate
photosynthetic capacity as well as freezing tolerance. Here, the role of
three cold-induced C-repeat-Binding Factor (CBF1–3) transcription
factors in photosynthetic upregulation and freezing tolerance was
examined in two Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes originating from Italy
(IT) or Sweden (SW), and their corresponding CBF1–3-deficient mutant
lines it:cbf123 and sw:cbf123. Photosynthetic, morphological, and
freezing-tolerance phenotypes as well as gene expression profiles were
characterized in plants grown from seedling stage under different
combinations of light level and temperature. Under high light and cool
growth temperature (HLC), a greater role of CBF1–3 in IT versus SW was
evident from both phenotypic and transcriptomic data, especially with
respect to photosynthetic upregulation and freezing tolerance of whole
plants. Overall, features of SW were consistent with a different
approach to HLC acclimation than seen in IT, and an ability of SW to
reach the new homeostasis through involvement of transcriptional
controls other than CBF1–3. These results provide tools and direction
for further mechanistic analysis of the transcriptional control of
approaches to cold acclimation suitable for either persistence through
brief cold spells or for maximization of productivity in environments
with continuous low temperatures.
A new type of difference I-convergent sequence in IFnNS
Authors: Khan Vakeel , Khan Izhar , Ahmad Mobeen
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we introduce the notion of a generalized difference I-convergent (i.e.?m-I-convergent) and difference I-Cauchy (i.e.?m-I-Cauchy) sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy n-normed spaces. Further, we prove some results related to this notion. Also, we study the concepts of a generalized difference I*-convergent (i.e.?m-I*-convergent) sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy n-normed spaces and show the relation between them.
The Severed Head
Authors: Parker John
Published: September 2021

This chapter narrates the accounts of the curation of enemies' skulls on the Gold Coast in the late sixteenth century. It discusses the preservation and aesthetic display of the mortal remains of vanquished foes as mnemonics of military prowess and embodiments of ritual power. Underlying such display was a range of what has been called 'capital visions' — that is, understandings of the severed human head as a metaphor for the sacred, as an encapsulation of horror and as an ideological artefact saturated with meaning. If across cultures, dead bodies have been understood to hold some great, if often, indeterminate potency, then that potency was encapsulated in the head. The startling transfiguration effected by its removal from the torso can be seen as the apotheosis of corporeal violence and appropriation. Ultimately, the chapter investigates how the issue of decapitation and expectations of the afterlife extended into the enslaved Gold Coast diaspora of the wider Atlantic world.
Slaves
Authors: Parker John
Published: September 2021

This chapter analyzes the entanglement of slavery and death on the Gold Coast. It focuses on the two eighteenth-century texts which reflect on life, death and anticipation of the afterlife in the Ga towns on the eastern reaches of the coast. The Ga (or Accra) had a long and intimate relationship with the Akan peoples to their north and west. The chapter outlines the succession of Akan overlords after the powerful kingdom in the mid-seventeenth century fell. Despite the situation, Ga merchants carved out a lucrative intermediary role and three prosperous towns grew up in association with the European forts in their midst: Kinka (or Dutch Accra), James Town (English Accra) and Osu (Danish Accra). The chapter explores how townsfolk earned their livelihood from trade, in particular the exchange of slaves for a range of imported commodities: cloth, liquor, metal goods, firearms, tobacco — all of which we have already seen come to feature in local funerary cultures. It investigates how slaves died, where and how were their corpses disposed of, and what were their prospects in the afterlife.
Testing Presidential Management
Authors: Rudalevige Andrew
Published: September 2021

This chapter returns to the question of the conditions that underly decisions to use a centralized executive order versus a decentralized one. For presidents seeking to minimize their managerial transaction costs, what matters in that calculation? Do the same factors that influence the decision to issue an executive order (the focus of the literature in this area to date) affect the manner in which that order is formulated? According to the approach taken here, characteristics specific to individual orders and the agencies linked to them should instead be the primary influences over how presidents manage the process of policy development.
Incorrigibly Plural
Authors: Rudalevige Andrew
Published: September 2021

The concluding chapter summarizes the overall findings and pushes them toward related topics in sore need of additional study. It examines what happens before an executive order is issued, but we know little about what happens afterward. The conclusion is also a chance to explore the question of bureaucratic capacity and autonomy as it runs up against presidential desires to control that bureaucracy — a claim bolstered by electoral legitimacy. Presidential hostility to the permanent government is hardly new, of course. But the Trump administration's amplification of that contention — with frequent, personal attacks on agencies and even individual civil servants on the one hand, and “resistance” to presidential preferences on the other — raised its salience, and its stakes. The argument of this book rests in part on the value presidents derive — substantively but also politically — from astute management of a bureaucracy that can provide expert advice on solving pressing national problems. Undermining its ability to do so is therefore counterproductive.
Apocalyptic Geographies
Authors: Tharaud Jerome
Published: September 2021

In nineteenth-century America, “apocalypse” referred not to the end of the world but to sacred revelation, and “geography” meant both the physical landscape and its representation in printed maps, atlases, and pictures. This book explores how white Protestant evangelicals used print and visual media to present the antebellum landscape as a “sacred space” of spiritual pilgrimage, and how devotional literature influenced secular society in important and surprising ways. Reading across genres and media — including religious tracts and landscape paintings, domestic fiction and missionary memoirs, slave narratives and moving panoramas — the book illuminates intersections of popular culture, the physical spaces of an expanding and urbanizing nation, and the spiritual narratives that ordinary Americans used to orient their lives. Placing works of literature and visual art — from Thomas Cole's The Oxbow to Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin and Henry David Thoreau's Walden — into new contexts, the book traces the rise of evangelical media, the controversy and backlash it engendered, and the role it played in shaping American modernity.
The Political Weaponization of Gun Owners
Authors: Lacombe Matthew J.
Published: September 2021

This chapter analyzes the editorials (1930–2008) from the National Rifle Association's (NRA) American Rifleman magazine, along with gun-related letters to the editor of four major newspapers covering that same period, to document how the NRA created a distinct social identity built around gun ownership, charting the NRA's assiduous, long-term efforts — through not just its membership communications but also its popular firearms programs — to cultivate such an identity and to connect it to politics. The chapter uses the American Rifleman as a measure of the organization's views and priorities and treat pro-gun letters to newspaper editors as a measure of the attitudes and views of NRA supporters. It also utilizes the letters from gun owners to measure their feelings about guns over time. The chapter demonstrates how the NRA has used this identity to mobilize its supporters into politics by portraying gun owners' ways of life as under threat from gun control proposals and imploring its members to take action in defense of it.
Canal Builders
Authors: Weintraub David A.
Published: September 2021

This chapter details how Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli redrew and re-imagined the surface of Mars, and discovered what he believed to be a planet-girdling system of 75-mile-wide canals. It mentions the premier international prize in astronomy, the Lalande Prize, that was bestowed to Schiaparelli, who connected the physics of the dusty debris swept up by Earth as it orbits the Sun to the detritus shed by comets as they orbit the Sun. It also details Schiaparelli's first observations of Mars in the summer of 1877 using the 8.6-inch Merz refractor. The chapter considers the result of Schiaparelli's efforts as the most accurate map yet made of the surface of Mars during the time. It notes Schiaparelli's professional opinion that the Martian canal system was steadily growing more extensive across the planet.
Hot Potato
Authors: Weintraub David A.
Published: September 2021

This chapter refers to Roberta Score, the curator of the Antarctic Meteorite Laboratory at the Johnson Space Center in Texas, who was hunting for meteorites in Antarctica during the last days of 1984. It discusses the National Science Foundation's Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program, which excavated pristine meteorites collected on the blue ice of Antarctica that had fallen thousands or millions of years ago. It also describes the meteorites as a scientific windfall for the scientific community and worth the difficult work involved in obtaining them. The chapter focuses on the meteorite that was discovered by Score and was named ALH 84001. It points out that the greenish color of ALH 84001 was so unusual that it became a high-priority meteorite when it arrived in Houston.
Afterword
Authors: Weintraub David A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
The New Nationalism
Authors: Tamir Yael
Published: September 2021

This chapter investigates the return of nationalism. It examines what provoked national feelings and national ideology and made them more relevant than ever. It also questions if nationalism is a dormant evil force waiting to pop out whenever there is a crisis, a force that must be repressed at all costs, or is it a constructive power, a worthwhile ideology that could and should be harnessed to make the world a better place. The chapter presents a case for nationalism, highlighting the ways it shaped public policy and made the years between the end of the world wars and the eruption of neoliberal globalism the best years for the least well-off members of the developed world. Some may say that these years were good ones because nationalism was repressed, allowing liberal democracy to flourish. The chapter argues, however, that many of the achievements of that period were dependent on an alliance between the nation and the state.
Untidy Compromises
Authors: Tamir Yael
Published: September 2021

This chapter aims to remind ourselves that one-sided political theories are bound to lead to moral and political calamities and to encourage a search for a set of compromises that fit the needs of our age. It notes that we have a lot to learn from the failures and successes of the last century; the most important lesson of all is to be more critical of our own beliefs and more open to those of others. The chapter then reviews two of the leading ideologies of the last century, liberal democracy and nationalism. From each of them, worthwhile human values and social strategies are exerted. The chapter identifies with nationalism's most extreme expressions: brutal neoliberalism, on the one hand, Nazism, and fascism on the other hand. Ultimately, the chapter draws out some of the valuable and constructive aspects of nationalism, arguing that they reflect a scope of human needs and aspirations that should be considered. It presents the case for nationalism, trying to highlight its importance in any future social construct.
The Two Faces of Janus
Authors: Tamir Yael
Published: September 2021

This chapter argues that nationalism is a deceptive ideology; one of its faces looks to the past, the other looks to the future. It discusses the negative descriptions of nationalism that emphasize its backward-looking face. The chapter also explains how nationalism tried to revive (or invent) an image of a magnificent past. It examines the history of nationalism, and one of its most fascinating features, modernizing powers. Despite the common perception of nationalism as identified with primordial, tribal feelings, the chapter asserts that true power of nationalism in modern times is grounded in its ability to promote processes of modernization and industrialization that go hand in hand with the universalization of education, information, and technology. Ultimately, the chapter portrays nationalism as an expression of a populist state of mind. It further presents the most interesting definition of populism.
La Vie Quotidian
Authors: Tamir Yael
Published: September 2021

This chapter illustrates nationalism's greatest moments in daily matters. It argues that nationalism molds our culinary preferences; shapes our architecture and decor; orchestrates the soundtrack of our lives; and fashions what we wear, how we talk, and what we dream about. The chapter uses gardening as an interesting example of the way nationalism shapes our everyday life. It emphasizes the connectedness of nationalism to nature by narrating nation-states' national flowers and plants. The chapter also introduces architecture as another means of shaping the public sphere in the nation's image. Ultimately, the chapter demonstrates how nationalism entered modernity through a democratic and economic corridor. It allows us to see that it answers not only the needs of the state but also of modern individuals wishing to become authors of their lives. Nationalism enriches their personal and public experience, endowing their deeds with special importance, making them part of a continuous chain of creation.
The Breakdown of the Cross-Class Coalition
Authors: Tamir Yael
Published: September 2021

This chapter reviews the implications of the spread of globalism and neoliberalism on citizens. It analyzes how globalism created a democratic deficit, eroding the influence of citizens over decisions that shape their lives. The erosion of national citizenship influenced not only the political standing of individuals but also their economic status. The chapter also examines the national public education as the main victim of globalization. The inability of national education to play its designated mobilizing and integrative role is one of the main reasons that the state lost the respect of its citizens. Unable to fulfill its most basic traditional goals — namely, preparing children to cope with future social and economic tasks, supporting social mobility, and nurturing social cohesion — national education became one more divisive force. The chapter explains how higher education promoted social polarization, cultural differences, and political schisms.
Factions
Authors: Guoqiang Dong , Walder Andrew G.
Published: September 2021

This chapter begins by discussing how Feng County's leaders established a Cultural Revolution committee. The first party secretary, Gao Ying, was the head, and the vice-heads were Shao Wen and one other party standing committee member. The county leadership was able to maintain top-down control of the campaign for almost half a year. Not until the end of December 1966, several months after such events in China's large cities, did Red Guard and rebel groups begin to target Feng County's party leadership. The rebellion of students and others was very slow to develop, but the first stirrings were in the county seat, at Feng County Middle School. Feng County's rebel movement was so small, and so late in developing, that there were no factional divisions of the kind that emerged in China's large cities early in the autumn of 1966. The chapter then looks at the formation of the first broad alliance of local rebels, one that would play a key role in the county's factional conflicts over the next decade. The alliance became one of the county's two large factions, henceforth known by its abbreviated name, Paolian.
Exploring Psychotypology as an Affective factor of Cross-Linguistic Influence: Case of Algerian Multilingual Learners
Authors: Zohra Athmani Fatima , Boukhedimi Yasmine
Published: September 2021

Multilingualism has established itself as a separate area of research in linguistic studies for the two last decades. Therefore, the present study aims at examining Algerian Multilingual students’ perceptions of linguistic distance i.e., psychotypology, between their first Language Arabic and Second language French and third language English. It focuses on the role of psychotypology as a constraining factor of cross-linguistic influence in third language acquisition that may lead to the activation of the background languages in the production of L3 English. Therefore, the researcher used a mixed research method to explore which typological or psychotypological languages L1 Arabic or L2 French would be the source of language transfer in L3 production. Forty students participated in this study, and data was gathered through a psychotypological questionnaire. The results of a qualitative and quantitative analysis showed students perceive French as a closed language to English in most the language aspects and they used it to fill a linguistic gap in their English production. It also showed that psychotypology is a complex concept that would affect students’ language choice in L3 production as well as a crucial factor in determining the source language of transfer. The findings indicated that further investigations of Psychotypology in L3 production are necessary.
CLINICAL, RADIOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF BRONCHOPULMONARY DYSPLASIA IN CHILDREN OF PRESCHOOL AND EARLY SCHOOL AGE, DEPENDING ON BIRTH WEIGHT
Authors:   Academician I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Zapevalova E.Yu. , Bojcova E.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Speranskaya A.A. ,   Academician I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Klyukhina Yu.B. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: September 2021

Advances in medical technology are leading to the survival of very premature infants, who often develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In this regard, the health problem of children with extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and BPD is relevant, since there is insufficient domestic experience in monitoring such patients. The outcomes of the disease among deeply premature infants with ELBW at school age have not been fully studied in comparison with peers with BPD, but born with a greater body weight. Objective of the study: to assess the clinical, radiological and functional consequences of BPD in children of preschool and early school age, depending on body weight at birth. Materials and methods of research: the design of the study – a non-randomized retrospective single-center comparative pilot study. We examined 73 children with a history of BPD, aged from 5 to 8 years (median – 7 years). The boys/girls ratio is 38/35. Children were divided into 2 groups: 1st group – 50 children born with low body weight (LBW) and very low body weight (VLBW), and 2nd group – 23 children with ELBW, most of them had a mild form of the disease. Respiratory symptoms were studied, computed tomography (CT) of the chest organs was performed to assess structural changes and the study of external respiratory function (ERF). Results: 1/3 of children of the 1st and 2nd groups had prolonged episodes of bronchial obstruction. The vast majority of children, regardless of their birth weight, had structural changes in the lungs – 96% of children of the 1st group and 94% of children of the 2nd group, p=0,888. Most often, the results of CT revealed fibrotic changes, collapse/hypoventilation, ventilation inhomogeneity, somewhat less often – emphysema, peribronchial changes, without differences between groups (p>0,05). Children with ELBW had statistically insignificantly less frequent occurrence of the air trap symptom (12% and 26%, p=0,314) compared with children with VLBW and LBW. The study of ERF revealed a decrease in speed indicators, an increase in bronchial resistance and a slight decrease in the diffusion capacity of the lungs in children of both groups without statistically significant differences (p>0,05). Conclusion: children with ELBW who underwent BPD demonstrate persistence of clinical symptoms, structural and functional disorders, like their peers with BPD in anamnesis, but born with a greater body weight.
Catolicismo cívico, reforma liberal y política moderna en el Jalisco rural, 1867-1890
Authors: Curley Álvarez Robert , Mora Jorge Omar
Published: September 2021

Este artículo analiza las múltiples y complejas relaciones entre los representantes locales de la Iglesia, el Estado y la población, para contribuir a una interpretación más crítica del mosaico de posibilidades que caracterizaron la Reforma liberal durante el último tercio del siglo XIX. Se ha optado por observar una serie de casos encontrados en cuatro poblaciones de Jalisco: Ahualulco, Chapala, Tapalpa y Teocaltiche. A partir de una escala local es posible mirar por debajo y por detrás las pretensiones de Estado y observar un proceso histórico más desordenado y menos teleológico. El argumento central es que los vecinos actuaron a favor de intereses diversos y movilizaron a la Iglesia y el Estado en su defensa de acuerdo a contingencias históricas. En cuanto a las fuentes que se han utilizado, corresponden a dos acervos distintos. En el Archivo Histórico de Jalisco se encontraron fuentes generadas en el marco de la oficialía, que vincula el gobierno del estado con poderes civiles locales, como los ayuntamientos, la jefatura política y sus oficinas locales. Estos documentos tratan asuntos en los que las autoridades civiles deben interpretar las leyes de secularización para casos locales. En el Archivo Histórico de la Arquidiócesis de Guadalajara se trabajó con fuentes que representan las relaciones entre fieles, la parroquia y el arzobispado.
La protección social de los mayores durante la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Maldonado Molina Juan Antonio
Published: September 2021

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha tenido una especial virulencia sobre las personas mayores, cuya protección social se ha puesto a prueba, no siempre con buen resultado. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos que la pandemia han tenido en los cuatro sistemas protectores de las personas mayores: sistema de salud, cuidados de larga duración (dependencia), servicios sociales y pensiones. Los dos primeros han sido los que han soportado más tensiones. Mientras que el sistema de pensiones, por no requerir un trato personal, ha pasado la crisis sin que ningún pensionista quedara desprotegido económicamente, habiendo solo retrasos en las nuevas altas. Pero si hay un sistema que no ha cumplido las expectativas, ha sido el sanitario en la primera ola, dando lugar incluso a la vulneración de los derechos humanos de las personas mayores, cuestión ésta que también se analiza.
FEN DERSLERİNDE SINIF İÇİ KONUŞMALAR ÜZERİNE SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME
Authors: UÇAK Esra
Published: September 2021

Son yıllarda sınıf içi konuşmalar farklı adlarla literatürde kullanılmakta olup, çok fazla çalışılmaya başlanmıştır. Literatür incelendiğinde fen derslerinde konuşma üzerine yapılan araştırmalarda farklı kavramların kullanılmakta olduğu görülmektedir. Bunlar sınıf söylemi, sınıf konuşması, diyalojik öğretim, sınıf tartışması, keşifçi konuşma ve üretken konuşma kavramlarıdır. Araştırmada belirlenen bu 6 kavram ile 2009-2019 yılları arasında Web of Science, Eric, Ulakbim veri tabanında yayınlanan makaleler ile Ulusal Tez Merkezi’ndeki tezler taranmıştır. Araştırma sistematik bir derleme olup, bu kapsamda 87 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada sınıf içi konuşmaların veri tabanlarına ve yıllara göre dağılımı, çalışma grubu, çalışma deseni, veri analizleri, çalışmalarda baz alınan konu dağılımları ve sonuçları ortaya konmuştur. Araştırmanın sonucunda; çalışmaların %65’i Web of Science, %24’ü Eric, %5’i Ulakbim veri tabanlarında, %6’sı ise Ulusal Tez Merkezi’nde yayınlanmıştır. Çalışmaların büyük bir çoğunluğu nitel araştırma anlayışına uygun olarak desenlenmiş olup, çalışma grubu olarak en çok fen bilgisi öğretmeni ve sınıfındaki öğrenciler seçilmiştir. Çalışmalarda veri analizi olarak daha çok nitel veri analizlerinden video ve söylem analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalarda en çok ısı-sıcaklık, yoğunluk, ses, madde ve astronomi/yer bilimi konuları çalışılmıştır. Yine kuvvet ve hareket ile hücre konuları da çok çalışılmıştır. Sosyo-bilimsel konulardaki yayınlarda ise, en çok çevre sorunları/, yenilenebilir ve yenilenemez enerji kaynakları/santraller, evrim ve GDO konuları çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada kullanılan yayınların sonuçlarına yönelik bulgular sunulmuştur.
PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMANLARIN MESLEKİ GELİŞİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: CAMADAN Fatih , SARI Serkan Volkan
Published: September 2021

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı psikolojik danışmanların mesleki gelişimlerinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaçla psikolojik danışmanların mesleki gelişimlerini nasıl sağladıkları, çalışma hayatlarında kendilerine mesleki gelişim fırsatları sunulup sunulmadığı, sunuluyorsa bunların neler olduğu ve bu fırsatları ne derece yeterli buldukları ve mesleki gelişimlerine katkı sağlanmasında ihtiyaç duydukları konuların neler olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımına dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilen bu araştırma, ortaokul ve lisede görev yapan 61 kadın ve 29 erkek olmak üzere toplam 90 psikolojik danışman ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan form kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda psikolojik danışmanların mesleki gelişimlerini daha çok kişisel çabalarıyla sağladıkları ortaya koyulmuştur. Bununla birlikte çalışma hayatlarında kendilerine mesleki gelişim fırsatlarının sunulduğu ve bunun çoğunlukla eğitimler ile ilgili olduğu ancak bunları yeterli bulmadıklarını ifade ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca mesleki gelişimlerine katkı sağlanmasında daha çok mesleki eğitimle ilgili konulara ihtiyaç duydukları saptanmıştır.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN YAŞAM DOYUMLARI İLE KARİYER TATMİNLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: TORTUMLU Muhammet , UZUN Kıvanç
Published: September 2021

Bu araştırmada, öğretmenlerin kariyer tatminlerinin yaşam doyumlarını ne derece yordandığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, çalışmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Burdur ilinin Merkez ilçesinde yer alan Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı okullarda çalışmakta olan 208 öğretmen üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma grubunun yaş ortalaması 34.13’tür. Araştırmada veriler; araştırmacıların geliştirdiği kişisel bilgi formu, Dağlı ve Baysal (2016) tarafından Türk kültürüne uyarlanan Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Çamur (2019) tarafından Türk kültürüne uyarlanan Kariyer Tatmini Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde yüzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma kullanılmış olup; değişkenlerin arasındaki ilişkinin saptanması için ise pearson korelasyon katsayısı ile basit doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Tüm bu istatistiksel analizlerde SPSS 22.0 programı kullanılmış olup, anlamlılık düzeyi olarak .05 alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin kariyer tatminleri tarafından pozitif yönde anlamlı bir şekilde yordandığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma bulguları ilgili alanyazın ışığında tartışılmıştır.
ÖĞRETMENLERİN EĞİTİM PROGRAMI OKURYAZARLIĞI DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: DEMİR Engin , TORAMAN Çetin
Published: September 2021

Eğitim programlarının uygulayıcısı olan öğretmenlerin programı anlama ve uygulama becerileri eğitim kurumlarının amaçlarına ulaşması açısından önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, farklı öğretim kademelerinde ve farklı branşlarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin eğitim program okuryazarlık düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma betimsel/tarama türünde bir araştırmadır. Araştırmada öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlık düzeyleri belirlenmiş ve çeşitli değişkenlere göre program okuryazarlık düzeyleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler “Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlıkları Ölçeğiyle” elde edilmiştir. Araştırma Türkiye genelinde görev yapan 421 öğretmen ile yürütülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik ve nonparametrik testlerden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçlar öğretmenlerin eğitim programı okuryazarlığına yönelik yeterliklerini yüksek düzeyde algıladıklarını ve bu algının tezli yüksek lisans / doktora derecesine sahip olan öğretmenlerde ölçeğin bilgi-beceri alt boyutlarında yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Öğretmenlerin eğitim programı okuryazarlığı düzeylerinde, cinsiyet, kıdem, kademe ve mezun olunan fakültenin anlamlı bir farklılığa neden olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Effect of Marriage verses Cohabitation on Sexual Communication in Latino, African American, and Caucasian Adults
Authors: Koosed Erin , Mahaffey Danielle , Rand McKenzie , Wagner Elizabeth , Lee HeeSoon
Published: September 2021

This study focuses on the effect of communication on sexual relationship satisfaction when comparing cohabiting couples with married couples. Communication is an important part of relational and sexual satisfaction. Research was conducted using scholarly journal articles and quantitative data from questionnaires. Fifty-four questionnaires were completed by males and females that were at least forty years, married or cohabitating, and identified as Latino, African American, or Caucasian. The data from the questionnaires found that both heterosexual and homosexual couples in domestic partnerships had better sexual communication than those who were married. People from diverse backgrounds can relate to the data collected because marriage and sexual communication are relevant to people all over the world.
Comparative Effect of Grated Coconut (Cocos nucifera, L.) on the Characteristics of Ladu Cake
Authors: Fiana Risa Meutia , Novelina Novelina , Gusmita Rezy
Published: September 2021

Ladu cake is a traditional cake originating from the Pariaman area which has a savory and crunchy taste and a unique shape. This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of dry grated coconut on the characteristics of the Ladu cake, to determine the effect of the best comparison level in producing the best product and to determine the storage time of the best Ladu cake. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments (comparison of rice flour and dry grated coconut 100%:0%; 95%:5%; 90%:10%; 85%:15%; and 80%:20 %) and 3 replicates. The results showed that the ratio of dry grated coconut had an effect on moisture content, ash content, fat content, carbohydrate content, crude fiber content, friability, color, aroma, texture and taste. However, it had no significant effect on protein levels. Based on the chemical, physical and sensory characteristics of the comparison of Ladu cake products, the best product was obtained in the 10% dry grated coconut and 90% rice flour treatment with the characteristics of this treatment being 1.96% water content, 2.42% ash content, fat content 19.55%, protein content 7.56%, carbohydrate content 68.86%, crude fiber content 2.73%, and the average value of sensory analysis of aroma 3.70, color 4.07, texture 3.53 and taste 3.97.
A Control Approach to Guide Nonpharmaceutical Interventions in the Treatment of COVID-19 Disease Using a SEIHRD Dynamical Model
Authors:   Technology and Administration Department National University of Avellaneda, Pazos Fernando , Felicioni Flavia E. ,   Instituto Dan Beninson - CNEA - Universidad Nacional de San Martín
Published: September 2021

The recent worldwide epidemic of COVID-19 disease, for which there are no medications to cure it and the vaccination is still at an early stage, led to the adoption of public health measures by governments and populations in most of the affected countries to avoid the contagion and its spread. These measures are known as nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), and their implementation clearly produces social unrest as well as greatly affects the economy. Frequently, NPIs are implemented with an intensity quantified in an ad hoc manner. Control theory offers a worthwhile tool for determining the optimal intensity of the NPIs in order to avoid the collapse of the healthcare system while keeping them as low as possible, yielding concrete guidance to policymakers. A simple controller, which generates a control law that is easy to calculate and to implement is proposed. This controller is robust to large parametric uncertainties in the model used and to some level of noncompliance with the NPIs.
Assessing Customer Satisfaction: A Case in Logistics Service Company
Authors: Ulkhaq M. Mujiya , Pandiangan Samuel H. , Tarigan Elieser L. , Silalahi Abdi R. , Lumbantobing Septina G.
Published: September 2021

This study aims to assess customer satisfaction of a logistics service company in Indonesia. Several researches employed the classical importance-performance analysis (IPA) to accomplish the objective; instead, this research used importance performance competitor analysis (IPCA). IPCA is considered as a remedy for IPA since the later has been criticized for several reasons, e.g., the relative structure of IPA and its lack of competitors’ consideration. A case study has been conducted to show the applicability of IPCA. Result shows that several service attributes have to be improved since they have lower performance than the competitor. Recommendations that can be done as a part to continuous improvement were provided. Finally, we also show that using IPA—without considering the competitor—would bring the management to a misleading interpretation.
Keywords—Customer satisfaction; importance performance competitor analysis; logistics service
Impact of Activity Ratio, Profitability, Liquidity, and Asset Structure on Capital Structure in Food and Beverages Companies Listed On Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2015-2019
Authors: Martini Erni , Ramli Muhammad Adyb , Gustyana Tieka Trikartika , Nugraha Nugraha
Published: September 2021

This study has an objective to examine the effect form activity ratio (TATO), liquidity (CR), profitability (ROA), and asset structure on capital structure (DER). Data processing uses financial reports from seventeen (17) F&B companies that listed on the Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) from period 2015 to 2019. A total of 425 data were used as samples using purposive sampling technique. Data panel regression used to analyze data and testing hypotheses. Results showed the simultaneous influence between the activity, liquidity, profitability, and asset structure to capital structure. Partially, activity ratio and asset structure variable do not affect capital structure. This study also proved that profitability affects capital structure in positive and significant relationship, while liquidity has a negative and significant effect to capital structure. Further findings are discussed in this study.
 
Keywords –    activity ratio, asset structure, capital structure, liquidity, profitability
Market Efficiency of Exchange Rate of Bitcoin with Dollar and Rupiah of Foreign Exchange Markets: Weak and Semi-Strong Form Test
Authors: Rizal Nora Amelda , Umardi Valenchya kristina
Published: September 2021

Bitcoin is one of the cryptocurrencies that had a high rate of return since its appearance in 2009. However, the exchange rate of Bitcoin against any foreign currency is considered to have high volatility making it difficult to determine the real value of Bitcoin. The main purpose of this research is to find the value of Bitcoin, especially US Dollar and Rupiah currencies. The test is carried out using the weak market efficiency hypothesis and the semi-form market coefficient hypothesis. The data processing methods are used the stationary test (ADF, KPSS, and ERS) to test the efficiency of the weak form market and the cointegration test (Johansen Cointegration) with the VECM model to check the efficiency of the semi-strong market. The results show that the Bitcoin exchange rate does not have a unit root so it is inefficient in a weak form and has a negative effect on the USD / IDR exchange rate so that it is not efficient in semi-strong form as well as on the US Dollar and Rupiah exchange rates. This happens because Bitcoin transactions as a medium of exchange in Indonesia are still illegal. So that the Bitcoin exchange rate against the US Dollar and Rupiah exchange rates is biased because it does not reflect the available information, both historical information and public information.
Keywords—Bitcoin Exchange Rate; Market Efficiency; Unit Root; Cointegration
Relationship Between Smoking and Pressure Injury Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Bing-Bing , Gu Dong-Zhou , Yu Jia-Ning , Feng Li-Peng , Xu Rong , Zha Man-Li , Shen Wang-Qin , Chen Hong-Lin
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases. PURPOSE: This study explored the relationship between current or past smoking and pressure injury (PI) risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The databases PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for the years between 2001 and 2020. Quality of evidence was estimated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The random effects model was applied to assess the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); pooled adjusted OR and 95% CI, subgroup analysis, publication bias, sensitivity analyses, and meta-regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Fifteen (15) studies (12 retrospective and 3 prospective) comprising data on 11 304 patients were eligible for inclusion in the review. The meta-analysis demonstrated that smoking increased the risk of PI (OR = 1.498; 95% CI, 1.058-2.122), and the pooled adjusted OR (1.969) and 95% CI (1.406-2.757) confirmed this finding. Publication bias was not detected by funnel plot, Begg’s test (P = .322), or Egger’s test (P = .666). Subgroup analyses yielded the same observations in both retrospective (OR = 1.607; 95% CI, 1.043-2.475) and prospective (OR = 1.218; 95% CI, 0.735-2.017) studies. The results were consistent across sensitivity analyses (OR = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.043-2.475). Relevant heterogeneity moderators were not identified by meta-regression analysis with PI incidence (P = .466), years of patient data included (P = .637), mean patient age (P = .650), and diabetes mellitus diagnosis (P = .509). CONCLUSION: This study found that individuals who are current or formers smokers have an almost 1.5 times higher risk of PI development than do those who do not smoke.
Holter monitoring in patients with stable cad: new opportunities
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Fedulaev Yuri N. , Makarova Irina V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Pinchuk Tatiana V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Andreeva Olga N. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2021

Background. Noninvasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a real problem in clinical practice and can be improved by use of novel additional Holter ECG options. Aim. To evaluate the markers of electrical inhomogeneity of repolarization process in patients with various degree of coronary atherosclerosis. Materials and methods. All 116 patients, hospitalized for diagnostic coronary angiography, were divided into three groups: 1 – severe coronary atherosclerosis, 2 – initial atherosclerosis, 3 – normal coronary arteries (control group). A 12-lead Holter electrocardiography was performed to evaluate microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA), QT and QTc dispersion on maximal and minimal heart rate (QTdmax and QTcdmax, QTdmin and QTcdmin respectively). Results. Results of a comparative analysis have demonstrated significant differences between three mentioned groups referring to MTWA (p=0,015). QTdmax (p1-2<0.001, p1-3=0.002) as well as QTcdmax (p1-2<0.0001, p1-3=0.001) were significantly higher in group 1 compared to others. At the same time, QTdmin and QTcdmin values didn't differ between the groups. The results of a current study indicated increased absolute values of the markers of an impaired repolarization in individuals with severe coronary atherosclerosis (compared to initial atherosclerosis and normal coronary arteries). Conclusion. The markers of electrical inhomogeneity of repolarization process in the myocardium (MTWA, QTdmax and QTcdmax) represent perspective ECG instruments in evaluation of the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with stable CAD, still requesting futher investigation.
Complex therapy of a multimorbid patient: focus on the reproducible drugs
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Larina Vera N.
Published: September 2021

Chronic noncommunicable diseases are associated with high mortality and high costs of medical care, and therefore require safe, effective and affordable therapy. When choosing a generic drug, a doctor may be guided by the assumption that the bioequivalence of medicinal substances is an indirect confirmation of their therapeutic efficacy. Absolute confidence in the same efficacy of original and generic drugs can only emerge after welldesigned studies comparing therapeutic equivalence. The results of the Russian multicenter, open, randomized KARDIOKANON study, the purpose of which was to compare two options for complex therapy based on the use of only original or only generic drugs in persons with stable coronary artery disease, showed the comparability of the effectiveness of original and reproducible drugs of the pharmaceutical company “Canonpharma Production” in achieving the target value of arterial pressure, heart rate, low density lipoprotein and impact on quality of life. A sufficient variety of drugs produced by this pharmaceutical company opens up opportunities for the appointment of any of them, but further large controlled studies are needed to finally confirm the bioequivalence, therapeutic efficacy and interchangeability of original and reproducible drugs.
10 years of ARISTOTLE trial: results and lessons
Authors:   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia, Ostroumova Olga D. , Butorov Vasiliy N. ,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia, Mironova Elena V. ,   Central Clinical Hospital “Russian Railways-Medicine”, Moscow, Russia, Doldo Nikolai M. ,   Central Clinical Hospital “Russian Railways-Medicine”, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2021

In 2021, the world cardiology community celebrates the anniversary of one of the greatest research in clinical medicine – the Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) study. The study showed that in patients with atrial fibrillation, the use of apixaban was more effective than the use of warfarin in the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism, was accompanied by a lower frequency of bleeding and was associated with lower mortality from all causes. To date, 77 subanalyses of this ambitious study have been published, a brief overview of which is given in the article. As shown by the post-hoc analysis of the ARISTOTLE study, apixaban was equally effective and safe both in patients without comorbidities and in polymorbid patients. The efficacy and safety of apixaban has been demonstrated in atrial fibrillation and in the presence of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and coronary heart disease. A number of subanalyses of the ARISTOTLE study are devoted to the prognostic assessment of biomarkers such as cardiac troponins, growth differentiation factor-15, pro-B-type N-terminal natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein. Based on the study of biomarkers, new, more informative scales for assessing the risk of stroke, death and bleeding were created: the ABC-stroke scale, the ABC-lethal outcome scale and the ABC-bleeding scale. The data of the corresponding sub-analyzes confirmed the greater efficacy and/or safety of apixaban treatment compared with warfarin, regardless of the level of various biomarkers in blood plasma and the degree of risk of stroke, death and bleeding, assessed using both traditional and new scales.
SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTION INDEBTED FIRMS IN VIETNAM: CHARACTERISTICS AND MARKET VALUE
Authors: Long Phan Hoang , Diep Tra Luc , Hang Tran Thi
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This research is the first to empirically analyse the characteristics of firms that defer the social security contribution for their employees to the Vietnam Social Security agency, which is a chargeable offense starting 2018 as the Vietnam government focuses on ensuring worker welfare. Using data on 873 public firms headquartered in four major cities (Ha Noi, Ho Chi Minh, Da Nang, and Hai Phong), we find that non-state-owned firms and firms with lower profitability and higher debts are more likely to be in arrears on social security contribution. On the other hand, the roles of foreign ownership, size, number of employees, and number of branches/offices are insignificant. We further show that being social security contribution indebted would negatively affect shareholders’ interest as it is associated with lower firm market values.Key words: social security contribution, worker welfare, state ownership, foreign ownership, firm market value