bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENILAIAN PENGENDALIAN BIAYA DAN WAKTU PADA PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE EARNED VALUE
Authors: Wahab Bakhtiar
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi jumlah biaya dan penggunaan waktu yang telah digunakan pada proyek Peningkatan Jalan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa konsep nilai hasil (earned value analysis) mengkaji kecenderungan varian jadwal dan varian biaya pada suatu periode selama proyek berlangsung. Dengan melakukan studi dengan earned value ini dilakukan  evaluasi  penyelesaian  proyek  dengan  BCWP sebesar Rp. 864,310,464.06, BCWS sebesar Rp. 393,436,638.08, dan ACWP sebesar Rp. 591,235,630.69, Ditinjau  dari varian biaya (CV) > 0 dengan Indeks kinerja biaya (CPI) > 1 sehingga diperoleh biaya penyelesaian proyek (EAC) sebesar 68% dari anggaran rencana yaitu sebesar      Rp. 2,037,182,494.70, Sedangkan dari aspek jadwal proyek mengalami pengurangan waktu sebesar 47% atau dari rencana 16 minggu menjadi 9,45 minggu sebagaimana ditunjukkan nilai SPI > 1.
Pengaruh sepeda motor terhadap kapasitas bagian jalinan pada perencanaan bundaran di Simpang Tujuh Ulee Kareng
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto , Faisal Ruhdi , Reyhan Mohammad
Published: February 2019

Kapasitas jalinan sangat berperan penting untuk perencanaan bundaran lalu lintas terutama pada lalu lintas campuran dengan komposisi lalu lintas didominasi kendaraan roda dua (sepeda motor). Simpang Tujuh Ulee Kareng merupakan simpang tak bersinyal dengan kondisi lalu lintas campuran dengan proporsi roda dua sangat tinggi. Maka, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau pengaruh proporsi roda dua terhadap kapasitas bagian jalinan. Metode analisis digunakan simulasi lalu lintas dengan menggunakan simulator VISSIM 6.00-22. Lokasi penelitian dipilih Simpang Tujuh Ulee Kareng dimana berdasarkan Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan (RTBL) Kawasan Simpang Tujuh Ulee Kareng yang direncanakan oleh pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh dengan konstruksi Bundaran. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan simulator lalu lintas VISSIM 6.00-22 kapasitas bagian jalinan hanya mengalami perubahan kecil pada skenario komposisi roda dua 40% - 90%. Penurunan kapasitas bagian jalinan terjadi saat komposisi roda dua/motorcycle (MC) pada skenario 10% - 30% yang diakibatkan meningkatnya komposisi kendaraan ringan/light vehicle (LV) sehingga membuat banyaknya ruang antara (gap) kendaraan yang kosong. Panjang antrian dan tundaan yang terjadi semakin rendah saat komposisi roda dua (MC) pada skenario 40% - 90%. Dari hasil simulasi dapat dilihat bahwa roda dua (MC) memberikan keleluasaan pada ruang jalan sehingga arus menjadi lebih lancar. Seiring meningkatnya komposisi kendaraan ringan (LV) atau roda empat mengakibatkan ruang jalan menjadi lebih sempit. Kendaraan yang berada di jalinan cukup sulit untuk bergerak sehingga kecepatan menurun yang berdampak pada antrian kendaraan yang panjang dan menyebabkan menurunnya kapasitas bagian jalinan Bundaran.
Transformational Leadership, Job Performance, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating Role of Work Engagement
Authors: Abas Novel Idris , Sawitri Huni Sri Runing , Puspawati Dewita
Published: February 2019

Many studies had discussed about organizational behavior such as organizational culture, motivation, organizational commitment and many others topics. However, just few studies that discussed the mediation effect of the organizational behavior variables. Work engagement is one of the important variables in organizational behavior scope. This study proposes and tests a research model that investigates and examine whether work engagement functions as a mediator of the effect of transformational leadership on job performance and OCB. These relationships are assessed through SPSS using Barron & Kenny mediation method. Data are obtained from 97 employees of pharmaceutical company in Indonesia especially Solo Raya and Madiun City. The result shows that work engagement mediates the effect of transformational leadership on job performance. Moreover, this study provides evidence to support our intended hypothesizes, by applying correlation and regression analysis which result have revealed that transformational leadership effects OCB through the mediating effect of work engagement.
Gerencia Estratégica y Disrupción
Authors: Torrealba Infante Giovanni Felipe
Published: February 2019

El presente trabajo explora el impacto del desarrollo de las capacidades de virtualización y ubicuidad que aportan las tecnologías de información y comunicaciones (TIC`s) con características disruptivas a los recientes enfoques de la gerencia estratégica. Las tecnologías modernas, en especial las de información y comunicaciones se han convertido en el recurso estándar para el ámbito gerencial en cualquier sector empresarial. Gracias a la diversidad de soluciones y aplicaciones que inundan la web, y a la facilidad para la incorporación de nuevas ideas al crecimiento y desarrollo de este conglomerado de herramientas para el manejo de información, se hace posible el repensar de la cotidianidad en la actividad gerencial, permitiendo la optimización de múltiples funciones ejecutivas. Es así como el gerente moderno, frente a nuevas o viejas oportunidades de acción empresarial, debe cuestionar las decisiones tradicionales y formularse en ese sentido mecanismos disruptivos guiados con la idea de que cada posibilidad tiene su especificación para el logro del éxito, en especial con el apoyo de múltiples soluciones automáticas puntuales.
YEREL YÖNETİMLERDE AFET ZARARLARININ AZALTILMASI ÇALIŞMALARINA GENEL BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: GERDAN Serpil
Published: February 2019

Afetler insan
toplulukları ve yerleşim alanları üzerinde çok yönlü kayıplar meydana getiren,
normal yaşamı ve insan faaliyetlerini bozarak veya kesintiye uğratarak
toplulukları etkileyen, doğal, teknolojik veya insan kökenli olayların
sonuçları olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Afet risklerinin yönetimi için gerekli risk
ve zarar azaltma çalışmaları ülkemizin de içinde bulunduğu Sendai Çerçevesi
(2015-2030) Eylem Planı doğrultusunda şekillenmekte ve çok disiplinli bir
işbirliği gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kentleşmeyle birlikte topluluklar
üzerinden büyük yıkımlara neden olan afetlerin olumsuz sonuçlarının
azaltılmasına yönelik yürütülen zarar azaltma çalışmaları yerel yönetimler
ölçeğinde değerlendirilmiştir. Yerel yönetimler hem kentsel altyapı ve kentsel
dönüşüm çalışmaları ile afet zararlarının azaltılması açısından risk yönetiminde
hem de sosyal sorumluluk hizmetleri ile afet öncesi, sırası ve sonrası zarar
azaltma faaliyetleri ile afet yönetimine katkı sağlamaktadır. Yeni
düzenlemelerle büyükşehir, il ve ilçe belediyeleri ülkemizde afetlerden sorumlu
kurum olan Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetim Başkanlığının il müdürlükleri ile
işbirliği içerisinde zarar azaltmaya yönelik birçok proje üretmektedir. Bu
düzenlemelerle yerel yönetimlerin ülkemizdeki zarar azaltma etkinliğinin
artırılması amaçlanmakla birlikte henüz uygulama açısında gelinen durum
istenilen seviyeye maalesef ulaşamamıştır.
Pengaruh Pemanasan Terhadap Kristalinitas Dan Parameter Kisi Nanokomposit Silika-Zirkonia Montmorillonit K10 Dan Silika-Besi Oksida Montmorillonit K10
Authors: Sekewael Serly J. , Wijaya Karna , . Triyono
Published: February 2019

The thermal treatment of the silica-zirconia montmorillonite K10 and silica-ferri oxide montmorillonite K10 nanocomposites at 300 and 500 °C has been carried out, respectively as part of a study of their function as the catalyst. The heating effect on the crystallinity and the lattice parameter calculation of both nanocomposites was studied using XRD and FTIR instruments. The results showed that the nanocomposite silica-zirconia montmorillonite K10 has a thermal resistance and the crystallinity better than the silica-ferri oxide montmorillonite K10, and both have values varying lattice parameters.
Validasi Metode Penentuan Mn Dalam Oli Lubrikan Dengan Metode Pengenceran Langsung Menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom
Authors: Napitupulu Rona Maningting , Julia Dirgarini , Panggabean Aman S.
Published: February 2019

Validation method on the determination of Mn in lubricating oil by direct dilution method using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) in Laboratory & Environment Control PT. Badak NGL Bontang has been done The validation method was done with research stages such as determination of  optimum solvent, and determination of some important parameters influential for validation method such as parameter of liniearitas (r), Instrument Detection Limit (IDL), Methode Detection Limit (MDL), accuracy, precision, Limit of Detection(LOD) and Limit of Quantitation(LOQ). The result of research obtain is good, showed that the linearity value with R2 ≥ 0,997. The IDL and MDL value was 0.0021 ppm and 0.0092 ppm respectively and has been acceptability requirements of MDL. The accuracy paramater obtained recovery value with range 82.25-88.34%. The measurement of repeatability and reproducibility, the CV Horwitz value smaller than % RSD, indicating the method had a good precision. The measurement of  LOD and LOQ value was 0.095 ppm 0.317 ppm respectively. Based on the result of the research determination method of Mn in lubricating oil by direct dilution method using AAS concluded valid.
Analisis Kandungan Zat besi (Fe) Pada Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Yang Tumbuh dengan Ketinggian Berbeda di Daerah Kota Baubau
Authors: Hamzah Hasty , Yusuf Nur Rahmah
Published: February 2019

Moringa oleifera Lam. is ones of the multipurpose plants. All parts of the plants are useful to human life and efficacious as a medicine. Moringa oleifera Lam can grow in the lowlands and highlands to an altitude of 1000 masl. This study was conducted to determine the levels of iron (Fe) in Moringa oleifera Lam leaves that grew at different heights using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) the results shows the amount of iron (Fe) in the lowlands of 14 masl (Wameo Village) is 6.28 mg per 100 g of Moringa leaf, medium plains 58 masl (Kantalai Village) is 5.57 mg per 100 g of sample while in the highlands 318 masl (Kaisabu Subdistrict) is 3.86 mg per 100 g of sample. Factors that influence the amount of iron content in Moringa oleifera Lam leaves are height which further affects the intensity of sunlight, humidity. Other factors can be caused by soil conditions (texture, moisture, nutrient, and pH).
Perbandingan Sifat Feroelektrik Pada Sintesis Oksida Logam Aurivillius SrBi4Ti4O15 Empat Lapis Dengan Metode Hidrotermal
Authors: Karnelasatri Karnelasatri , Mikrianto Edi
Published: February 2019

Aurivillius compounds, SrBi4Ti4O15 (SBT four layers) have been synthesized by hydrothermal method at 200℃ with variation of times 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. Single phase of SrBi4Ti4O15 Aurivillius compounds obtained at the 200 ˚ C, 96 hours and the concentration of NaOH 3M. The Rietica program shown the index Miller result is 1 1 5 1 1 3, 0 2 0, 0 2 4, 2 0 8 2 2 0, 0 2 1 0, 3 1 6, 1 1 1 6 and the space group is A21am with the orthorhombic crystal system. Cell parameters are a = 5.5754 Å, b = 5.5456 Å, c = 41.3642. Ferroelectric properties show the value of remanent polarization Pr (+) and Pr (-) 4,61 C/cm2 and 2,75 C/cm2 and that is much lower than the value of remanent polarization of other material that have been synthesized at 240℃, 72 hours with the same method.
Studi Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH dan H2SO4 Untuk Memurnikan Silika Dari Abu Sekam Padi Sebagai Adsorben Ion Logam Pb2+ dan Cu2+
Authors: Harimu La , Rudi La , Haetami Aceng , Santoso Giswa Ayu Pratiwi , . Asriyanti
Published: February 2019

A study of variations in the concentration of NaOH and H2SO4 to purify silica from rice husk ash and its application as adsorbent of Pb2+ and Cu2+ Metal Ions. The NaOH concentrations used were 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12% and 13% and H2SO4 concentrations were 5.4%, 8.16%, 10.88%, and 13.61%. The process of adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions was carried out at pH (3, 4, 5, 6) and silica masses. The results showed the silica yield obtained in the form of white powder. The highest silica content at 12% NaOH concentration of 41.81% with a purity of 89.09% and H2SO4 concentration is 10.88% at 65.39% with a purity of 94.94% initial content 86.02%. The results of surface structure characterization using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) average size of particle diameter was 0.030 µm. Optimal adsorption process of Pb2+ and Cu2+ metal ions using silica from rice husk occurred at pH 6 and the adsorbent mass was 0.3 gram, the adsorption efficiency was 98% and 86.25% respectively with adsorption capacity of 0.96 mg/g for metal Pb2+ and 0.83 mg/g for Cu2+ metals.
Penambatan Molekuler α, β, dan γ-mangostin Sebagai Inhibitor α-amilase Pankreas Manusia
Authors: Gaspersz Nelson , Sohilait Mario Rowan
Published: February 2019

In silico studies on interactions between the human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA) enzyme with α, β, and γ-mangostin ligands has been carried out using the molecular docking method. Ligands α, β, and γ-mangostin interact through the formation of hydrogen and van der waals bonds with residues on the enzyme active side. The α-mangostin ligands form seven hydrogen and six van der waals bonds with residues involved were Trp59, Gln63, Trp96, Thr163, Thr164, Ala198, His201, Glu233, and Asp300; β-mangostin forms five hydrogen and eight van der waals bonds with residues involved were Gln63, Trp96, Thr163, Thr164, Arg195, Asp197, His201, Glu233, Asp300, and His305; while γ-mangostin forms nine hydrogen and five van der waals bonds with residues involved were Trp59, Gln63, Trp96, Thr163, Asp197, Ala198, His201, Glu233, and Asp300. The binding afinity of α, β, and γ-mangostin to the HPA obtained were -7.0; -6.6; and -7.4 kcal/mol with RMSD value were 1,850; 1,956; and 1,811 Å, respectively. The number of hydrogen bonds that can be formed was responsible to the binding affinity. Ligand γ-mangostin has potential activity as an inhibitor of HPA enzyme due to the stable complexes formation with lower binding affinity (validated with RMSD value) when compared to α and β-mangostin.
Studi Kinetika Antibakteri dari Hasil Pirolisis Cangkang Biji Jambu Mete terhadap Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Nurliana Laily , Musta Rustam
Published: February 2019

Research on kinetics antibacterial from pyrolysis product of cashew nut shell againts Staphylococcus aureus have been carried out. Cashew nuts are prepared by separating the shell and seeds for pyrolysis. The results of S. aureus antibacterial activity test results pyrolysis pyrolysis products shell cashew nut showed inhibition is different for each variation of the concentration of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% with inhibition of successive 0.87; 0.97; 1.38; 1.47 and 1.61 (cm). Based on these results it can be said that the result of the pyrolysis of cashew nut shells provide a response inhibition that were at concentrations of 12.5 and 25%. While the concentration of 50%, 75%, and 100% response inhibitory power is included in the strong category on the growth of S. aureus. Order the reaction of the antibacterial activity of S. aureus from the pyrolysis products obtained cashew nut shell 0,3 with activity rate constant of 0.38. The concentration of pyrolysis products of pyrolysis results cashew nut shell the minimum recommended for use as an antibacterial S.aureus.
Studi Kinetika Efektifitas Minyak Daun Cengkeh (Syzigium aromaticum) Sebagai Antifungi Candida albicans
Authors: Musta Rustam , Nurliana Laily
Published: February 2019

Kinetic studies effectiveness clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil as antifungal Candida albicans have been done. The study have purpose to determine the reaction order, reaction constants (k) and relationship the concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil every time (At) with the initial concentration of of clove (Syzigium aromaticum) oil (Ao) and time (t) and equipped determination of the minimum concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum)oil effective anti-fungus Candida albicans. The results shows the anti-fungal activity clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil on Candida albicans for each variation of the concentration 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% are 14.2 mm, 12.2 mm, 10.8 mm and 10.4 mm respectively. Reaction order as antifungal of the clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil on Candida albicans is 0.2112 with k = 5.0594. The minimum concentration of clove leaf (Syzigium aromaticum) oil as anti-fungal Candida albicans is 17.86%.
Isolasi Mikroba Dari Air Asam Tambang Pada Area Pertambangan Tembaga Di Pulau Wetar, Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Male Yusthinus T. , Modok Deddy W.S. , Seumahu Cecilia A. , Malle Dominggus
Published: February 2019

This research was conducted to find bacteria from the genus Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans which isolated from mine acid water in the copper mining area on Wetar Island, Maluku Province. This bacterium will be utilized in the biohidrometallurgical process (bioleaching) for copper extraction in mining area. The results of this study indicate that bacteria can be isolated from mine acid water samples by enrichment method that was use liquid media from Leathen which is optimized using Trypton Soya Broth (TSB) and bacterial growth on solid media. The presence of Thiobacillussp bacteria was confirmed by the results of gene analysis using a 16S rRNA sequence showing the presence of mixed bacterial colonies but not a single colony.
Athenian Decree for the Foundation of Brea
Authors: Campigotto Marco Hubert , Matijašić Ivan
Published: February 2019

This Athenian decree, probably issued under Pericles’ rule in 445 BC or soon thereafter (in the thirties of the fifth century BC), testifies to the foundation of the colony (apoikia) in Brea. The decree contains practical provisions for the foundation: the appointment of an oikist and a few apoikistai, ten geonomoi for the distribution of land, an episkopos to inspect that the Athenian money is properly employed. Symbolic and religious connection to the motherland is ensured by the obligation to send tributes for the Great Panathenaia and Dionysia. Thucydides (following Bergk’s emendation), Cratinus (sometimes corrected in Craterus) and Theopompus testify to the existence of Brea and concur to the localisation of this Athenian colony in the Chalkidike peninsula, north of Potidaea, on the east coast of the Thermaic Gulf.
Honorary Athenian Decree for Some Akarnanian Exiles
Authors: De Martinis Livia
Published: February 2019

The decree, dating to the summer of 337 B.C., establishes on the one hand the granting of gold crowns and citizenship to two Akarnanians brothers, Phormion and Karphinas, commanders of an Akarnanian military contingent that apparently supported Athens in the battle of Chaironeia, on the other the recognition of a series of honours to the Akarnanians who followed them and constituted evidently the nerve of this contingent. The honorary decree is extremely interesting for the reconstruction of the Athenian situation immediately after the battle of Chaironeia, when Athens – apparently pro-Macedonian – seemed to carry on its resistance against Philip II by granting asylum to those who had supported the city in the military clash against Macedonia and were persecuted for this reason. The decree, then, explicitly remembers that the grandfather of the two honorands, Phormion, had in turn been beneficiary in 400 BC ca. of the granting of Athenian citizenship: the mention of this previous action creates a strong link, with evident propagandistic implications, between the moments following the battle of Chaironeia and those following the end of the Peloponnesian war. Finally, the decree may also be considered as a valid source for the study of the concession of the isoteleia, in this specific case granted in its widest form (exemption from the metoikion, right of enktesis, guarantee of legal protections, right to pay eisphorai with citizens) and not to individuals, but to a group of political exiles.
EFFECT OF DIE ANGLE AND FRICTION COEFFICIENT ON TEMPERATURE AND STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN THE EXTRUSION PROCESS
Authors: Radhi Dr. Hazim Ismael , Jabur Dr. Lattif Shekher
Published: February 2019

Extrusion, among other types,  is one of the most important forming processes due to its high productivity, lower cost and its good ability to improve the physical and mechanical properties of extruded materials. FE simulation was carried out on ABAQUS software ver.6.9. to study the distribution of stress and temperature which created through the extrusion process. The results of present study are accentuated that, there is a complicated relationship between stress and temperature distribution relative to die angle and friction coefficient. It was found, in the range of tested cases, at friction coefficient of more than ( 0.08 ), for ( 45o ) die angle, the maximum value of temperature is twice higher than that of ( 75o ), hence the die angle has more significant effect on state of stress and temperature than that of friction coefficient. Nevertheless,  a high die angle ( α = 75o ) emerged low value of maximum temperature due to easily flow of material toward the die orifice. Furthermore, there are a gradual increasing of vonMises criterion and temperature with increasing the friction coefficient while they are decreasing with increasing the die angle.
BROADBAND MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR 2G/3G/4G MOBILE BASE STATION APPLICATIONS
Authors: Hashim Wafaa Mohammed , Sallomi Asst. prof. Dr. Adheed Hasan
Published: February 2019

a staircase patch microstrip antenna with slots is proposed to cover the 2G/3G/4G cellular mobile base station bands, when the antenna is excited with a transmission line, creates several modes these modes are composite to obtain a large bandwidth. The proposed antenna operates in the band from 0.86 GHz to 4.78 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 138%. The use of staircase patch antenna is to achieve more attractive performance such as wider bandwidth, better impedance matching and better radiation. Inserting different slots to the patch of the antenna to enhance the gain and return loss. The gain is obtained ranging from 2.18 dBi to 5.3 dBi. Good radiation efficiencies ranging from 70% to 97% is achieved.
NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE (RPC) DEEP BEAMS WITH OPENINGS STRENGTHENED BY CFRP
Authors: Makki Asst. Prof .Dr. Ragheed Fatehi , Jassem Asst.Prof.Dr.Ali Talib , Jassem Hayder Abd Al-latef
Published: February 2019

This paper mainly uses ANSYS V.15 , the finite element analysis software, to make nonlinear analysis of reactive powder concrete  deep beams . The models simulating the test process were established, the calculation results of ANSYS are compared with the experimental results. Data of eight RPC deep beams tested by researchers were used for comparison with ANSYS models .Furthermore three parametric studies were carried out by changing the size of opening , location of openings and CFRP systems configuration . The comparison shows that ANSYS analysis results are similar to experimental results (the  maximum difference in the ultimate load  was less than 7.5 %), which indicates ANSYS analysis software can be used to simulate the mechanical property of reactive powder concrete structures.
STUDYING THE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF PHOSPHORIC ACID ON THE SEPARATION OF NICKEL FROM THE WASTE OF SOUTH BAGHDAD THERMAL POWER STATION
Authors: Hlihl Basheer Hashem
Published: February 2019

The process of separating nickel from the waste of thermal power stations has a positive effect on the environment and has a good economic return. . In this study, nickel was separated from the wastes of the South Baghdad thermal power station by using phosphoric acid. The investigation studied the influence parameters ( concentration of acid, temperature, time, size of waste granules and acid to the waste quantity ratio) on separation process of nickel. The best conditions in the separation process were obtained when the concentration of acid is 5 molarities, the temperature 50 °C, the duration time of separation is 4 hours, the acid phosphoric to the waste quantity ratio is 30, and the size of the waste granules is 150μm. The percentage of nickel that can be separated from the wastes of south Baghdad thermal power station reaches 81%.
DAMPING SUB SYNCHRONOUS RESONANCE IN POWER SYSTEM USING TCSC & SVC
Authors: Nabhar Khalid A. , Kadhem Basim T.
Published: February 2019

when the steam turbine-generator is connected with series of compensation along the transmission line, the sub synchronous resonance may happen. The Flexible Ac Transmission System (FACTS) controller of the devices wide use which has been used to reduce and suppress the phenomenon of sub-synchronous resonance the Thyristor Control Series Compensation (TCSC) and Static VAR Compensation (SVC) are the types of FACTS controller that has been used to put down the SSR and also for the purpose of provide a better and efficient solution to improve the transferred capacity system to connect the series compensation along the transmission line. Series capacitor work to increase the chance of creating sub synchronous resonance. Series capacitors also have an inclination to amplify the shaft stress during considerable network transien toccurrence, SSR phenomena happen which can cause damage of the shaft generator turbine. The first standard model of IEEE was adopted to study this phenomenon. This research deals the PID control of SVC( Static VAR Compensation) and TCSC (Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator) and excitation system controller for reducing SSR in power system. In this research, the method of Eigenvalue was used to analysis the sub-synchronous resonance phenomenon and the result was verified using DYMOLA simulation
NUMERICAL STUDY FOR INTERRUPTED RECTANGULAR FINS IN A NATURAL CONVECTION FIELD
Authors: Jubear Ass. Prof. Dr. Abbas Jassem , Abd Ali Hameed
Published: February 2019

The heat sink with vertically rectangular interrupted fins investigated numerically in a natural convection field, and with steady-state heat transfer. Numerical study has been conducted using ANSYS Fluent software (R16.1) in order to develop a 3-D numerical model.  The dimensions of fins are (305 mm length, 100 mm width, 17 mm height, and 9.5 mm space between fins). The number of fins used on the surface are eight. In this study, the heat input that is  used as follow (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 watts). The study is focused on interrupted rectangular fins with different arrangement of fins. The results show that the addition of interruption fins in various arrangements will improve the thermal performance of the heat sink, and through the results, a better interruption rate obtained as an equation.
REMOVAL OF A CHEMICAL DYE FROM WASTEWATER USING LOW COST AGRO-BASED ADSORBENTS: CONTINUOUS ADSORBERS
Authors: Gzar Hatem Asal , Sabri Noor Qassim
Published: February 2019

Natural materials that are readily available in large amounts in nature and easily accessible may be used as low cost additives. The aim of this study is to measure the susceptibility of these locally available materials, conocarpus plant, to improve the quality of wastewater discharged from textile industry.

In addition to conocarpus- without chemically treated, conocarpus- chemically treated, carbonized conocarpus and activated carbon were used as adsorbents in order to make a comparison, and to test which one of the four types give the best efficiency for removing dye. The ability of adsorbents to adsorb dye was studied using continuous system; studied parameters were effect of flow rate, bed depth, and initial concentration. The experimental results showed that maximum removal efficiency of conocarpus - without chemically treated was found to be 90% after 75 min at flow rate 20 l/h, pH value 3 , bed depth 5cm and initial concentration 40 mg/l. The maximum removal efficiency for conocarpus- chemically treated was up to 83.75% after 15 min at flow rate 10 l/h, pH value 3, bed depth 10 cm and initial dye concentration 40 mg/l. The maximum removal efficiency for carbonized conocarpus was up to 99.67% after 15 min at flow rate 10 l/h, pH value 3, bed depth 10 cm and initial dye concentration 40 mg/l. For activated carbon the maximum removal efficiency was found to be 99.75% after 15 min at flow rate 10 l/h, pH value 3, bed depth 10cm and initial dye concentration 40 mg/l.
REMOVAL OF TERASIL BLUE DYE FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING LOW COST AGRO-BASED ADSORBENTS
Authors: Gzar Hatem Asal , Sabri Noor Qassim
Published: February 2019

Natural materials that are readily available in large amounts in nature and easily accessible may be used as low cost additives. The aim of this study is to measure the susceptibility of these locally available materials, conocarpus plant, to improve the quality of wastewater discharged from textile industry. 

In addition to conocarpus plant, carbonized conocarpus and activated carbon were used as adsorbents in order to make a comparison, and to test which one of the three types give the best efficiency for removing dye. The ability of adsorbents to adsorb dye was studied using batch system; studied parameters were effect of pH, dose of adsorbents, time, and agitation speed. The experimental results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of conocarpus was found to be 87.5% at 50 rpm mixing speed, pH value 3 , mixing time 120 min and the dose of adsorbent was 0.25 g.  The maximum removal efficiency for carbonized conocarpus was up to 98.7% at 150 rpm mixing speed, pH value 3 , mixing time was equal to 7 hours and the dose of sorbent was 1.25 g. For activated carbon the maximum removal efficiency was found to be 99% at mixing speed of 200 rpm, pH value 3 or 11, mixing time was equal to 7 hours and the dose of the sorbent was 1.25 g. The above removal efficiencies were obtained at temperature 20 °C.
EFFECT OF THE WIRE MESH REINFORCEMENT ON SOME PROPERTIES OF THE PRECAST CONCRETE TILES
Authors: ABDUL RASOOL Dr. Zainab M. R. , MAHMMOD Laith MOHAMMED RIDHA
Published: February 2019

The possibility of improving some properties of precast concrete tiles under static load has been studied in this research. The experimental approach was adopted in this research to investigate the effect of two types of wire mesh reinforcements on some properties of precast concrete tiles especially flexural failure load. The experimental program is divided into three groups with two ages of the test, the result of each age is an average of three specimens; the first group consists of six specimens which refer to reference tiles, the second group consists of eighteen specimens reinforced with different shapes of a metal wire mesh. The third group consists of eighteen specimens reinforced with different shapes of the plastic wire mesh. Three tests were conducted in this research, flexural failure load, density, and absorption. The main conclusion from this research is; the increasing in flexural failure load of specimens tiles according to reference tiles was 10%, 17% and 25% for tiles reinforced with square plastic wire mesh, stripe plastic wire mesh and specific plastic wire mesh, and 33%, 35% and 21% for square metal wire mesh, stripe metal wire mesh, and specific metal wire mesh respectively.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SINGLE CARRIER FREQUENCY DOMAIN EQUILIZER (SC-FDE) OVER IMPULSIVE NOISE CHANNEL
Authors: Leftah Hussein Abdullah , Swadi Husham Lateef
Published: February 2019

Impulsive noise is considered as one of the major source of disturbance in the state-of-the-art multicarrier (MC) communication systems. Therefore, several techniques are being constantly proposed to eliminate the effect of such noise. In this work, a time domain matrix interleaved is compiled with a single carrier frequency domain equalizer (SC-FDE) is proposed to reduce the deleterious effects of impulsive noise. A mathematical model for the proposed scheme is also presented in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed technique superiors the interleaved multicarrier system where the proposed scheme can completely avoid the error floors not only at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but also at heavily distributed impulsive noise. The bit-error-rate (BER) of the alternative proposed scheme decreases as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases whereas the BER of the standard system suffers from error-floors with a constant BER at about 10-3 for about 8 dB SNR for medium and heavily impulsive noise.
EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALT RIENFORCEMENT LAYER COMPRISING POLYPROPYLENE GRANULES
Authors: Khudhair Hayder Salman , Kadhim Mustafa Amoori
Published: February 2019

Despite the widespread use of hot mix asphalt (HMA) Overlay as one of the most important methods of pavement maintenance, rehabilitation and development of roads, also the ease and speed of implementation and low costs, there are many disadvantages and problems that accompany the use, which is mostly due to reflection of the defects of layers the old pavement on which the asphalt reinforcement layer is based. Therefore, this study aims to prepare an asphalt mixture with a high performance and good specifications as overlay layer, which can resist the problems and defects that are exposed to it and increase its service life. Polypropylene granules of 19 mm particles size were used as an additive to the asphalt binder (AC 60-70), with percentages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7% of the optimum asphalt content weight. The volumetric and mechanical characteristics of mixture with this addition were evaluated by using Marshall stability and indirect tensile testing (ITS). The study showed that the use of 4% of the polypropylene granules of optimum asphalt weight gave optimal performance compared to the unmodified mix. The optimum performance of the asphalt concrete overlay during its design life, especially at high temperatures, was improved by improving the physical and mechanical properties of the asphalt mixture and by increasing its resistance to stresses is 32%.
SPEED CONTROL OF DTC-SVM FOR INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE USING SELF-TUNING FUZZY PI CONTROLLER ANN ANFIS
Authors: Sakran Rawaa Kadhim , Ali Assist. Prof. Dr. Khearia Mohammed
Published: February 2019

This paper deals with the performance analysis of three phase Induction Motor (IM) with Direct Torque Control based Space Vector Modulation (DTC-SVM). The DTC-SVM scheme is a kind of high-performance control of IM drives to improve the ripples of torque and flux in steady state, which one drawback of conventional DTC. DTC-SVM has three Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers, one used as the PI speed controller and other PI flux controller and PI torque controller, which are utilized to produce the stator voltage references (
REDUCING SHORT CIRCUIT LEVELS BY USING SYSTEM SPLITTING STRATEGIES
Authors: ALI Assist. Prof. Dr. Inaam I. , AL-AASAM Mohanad Sh. Tarad
Published: February 2019

Preliminary studies on Iraqi power system show a significant increase in the short circuit level at some of the grid substations and some power stations. This increasing results from the growth of the power generation and transmission systems in size and complexity. Islanding or splitting is dividing the power system into several islands inorder to reduce short circuit levels and avoiding blackouts. The main islanding problem is determining the location of proper splitting points and load balance and satisfaction of transmission capacity constraints for each islands.This paper mainly introduces new proposed splitting strategies of large-scale power systems by using (PSS™E version 30.3 PACKAGE PROGRAME), such that, make re-interconnection of 400KV super high voltage substation based on three-phase load flow to be minimum flow at splitting point and infeed fault current details method to control short circuit levels in Iraq power system without islanding the power system into isolated islands. Controlled islanding or splitting scheme is frequently considered as the final solution to avoid blackouts of power system.Simulation IEEE-25 bus and Iraqi power system used as the test systems for this method. Furthermore, simulation results show significant effectiveness on reducing short circuit levels with same time give stable splitting islands with same frequency for preventing the system blackouts.
DEVELOPMENT OF FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE SAFETY STOCK LEVEL IN DETERIORATED PRODUCTS/A SUPPLY CHAIN DAIRY INDUSTRIES CASE STUDY
Authors: Jamegh Riyadh , Kassam Dr. AllaEldin , Sabih Dr. Sawsan
Published: February 2019

In today's complex environment, a high responding ability represents a core for each organization to survive in a competitive environment. To grip your position in intense competition market, the organization must design high efficiency inventory system that has the ability to respond to changes in demand and at the same time reduce holding cost of accommodation to the lowest possible value by controlling inventory drivers such as safety stock level (SS). The traditional approaches of safety stock are limited to deal with dynamic behavior of market. Advanced approaches based on soft computing allow the dynamic updating of SS level. In this paper, a highly advanced dynamic fuzzy logic (DFL) has been suggested as an innovation step to identify safety stock level in dairy industries with objective of minimizing total cost and meet with customer requirements. The proposed approach consists of three main steps firstly, identifying demand uncertainty conditions by applying fuzzy logic steps embedded by identifying dynamic (N) factor which represents the increasing level in demand in period time. Secondly, identifying of raw material availability conditions by applying fuzzy logic steps, and finally, identification of  inventory on hand conditions by applying fuzzy logic steps. It is necessary to identify the level of SS dynamically in fuzzy logic as an output embedded with identifying of period specification concept which describes states of demand in a specific period in which the demand is high, medium, or low which leads to identify maximum values of universe of discourse of output (safety stock). Here Matlab program was used. The provided solution demonstrates the proposed model validity. There has been a significant reduction in safety stock level ranging from (7-98)% depending on product type and period specification with a reduction also in holding cost, while keeping the requirements fulfillment of customers demand
MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HOMOGENIZED STIR CASTING ALUMINUM BRONZE ALLOYS
Authors: Ajeel Prof .Dr.Sami Abualnoun , Yaseen Asst. Prof. Dr. Rabiha S. , Eqal Asaad Kadhim
Published: February 2019

In demand to the industrial needs to produce Cu-Al alloys with controlled chemical compositions. The present research focuses on the production of Cu-Al alloys with different aluminum additions of 1.9, 3.6, 5.8 and 7.7 wt. % by stir casting method in argon atmosphere. Then, homogenized treatment was done for these alloys at 850 oC in different periods of soaking time of 2, 4, and 6 hrs to determine the best conditions for increasing the mechanical properties. This is carried out in the α phase region. The microstructure of the samples is analyzed by using Optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with (EDS). The results showed the mechanical properties of copper were increased with increasing in Aluminum content. The microstructure of the castings consist of the dendiritic structure, columinar grains and segregation. The results showed that after homogenization, the microstructure changed to fine grains, elimination of the columnar segregation and the clusters disappeared. The XRD results show that the phases are α (Cu-rich) phase as highest peaks and the small amount of CuAl2 phase. The best Aluminum content value was 7.7 wt % and the soaking time 4 hrs were given the high hardness 204 Hv and the highest ultimate tensile stress value of 383.8 Mpa
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF UNSUPPORTED CATALYST FOR GAS OIL DESULFURIZATION
Authors: Abid Mohammad F. , Hamza Mohammed A. , Ahmed Shakir M. , Ali Salah M. , Hussein Sattar J.
Published: February 2019

Unsupported MoS2 catalysts were synthesized for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of real feed gas oil using different temperatures and pressures. Hydrothermal method was utilized to prepare by using molybdenum trioxide and sodium sulfide. The characterization of the catalyst was identified by XRD, SEM, and BET techniques. It was found that BET surface and pore volume were positively affected by pressure and temperature that could improve the activity of MoS2. Kinetic analysis showed that HDS reaction over MoS2 follow pseudo-first order kinetics. Experimental results revealed that the HDS activity of the unsupported MoS2 catalyst was better than supported CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst under the same operating conditions.
STUDY THE EFFAECT OF TWEEN 80 ON CLTHRATE HYDRATE FORMATION BEHAVIOR FOR R-134A
Authors: AL-Hemeri Shurooq T. , AL-Mukhtar Riyadh S. , Mohammed Mustafa S.
Published: February 2019

Clathrate hydrates are complex molecules formed by the contact between water and gas at high pressure and low temperatures. One of the important aims of gas hydrate technology is to enhance the formation of hydrate and reduction the induction time for clathrate formation. Effect of the different promoters (nonionic surfactant Tween80) on R-134a gas hydrate formation has been investigated in the isochoric system experiment. It is noted that the surfactants have a significant effect of increasing the speed of nucleation as well as improving the growth of hydrate. In the experiment, the effect of Tween80 surfactant was studied to determine its effect on the composition and cooling capacity of 134 hydrates. From kinetic models, many objective functions such as the amount of gas consumed (Δn), the growth rate (r (t)), the apparent rate constant (Kapp) and conversion of the water to hydrate were obtined. The improvement of hydrate growth is marked by the addition of surfactants, which in turn increase the solubility of hydrate gas and reduce the contact angle. In addition, surfactants positively the contact with the gas through the increase of the gas diffusion in the water and this increases the rate of formation of hydrate. Best value achieved at a surfactant concentration of 100 ppm with maximum gas consumed amount (0.16 mol) and less indction time 32 min.
KINETICS OF HYDROGEN SEPARATION FROM REFINERY OFF-GAS
Authors: MOHAMMAD Abbas Khalaf , SABEEH Nawras Shareef
Published: February 2019

Adsorption and desorption kinetic curves for equimolar hydrogen – methane mixture on molecular sieve type 5A were experimentally obtained for pressure range 0.122 – 3.546 MPa.The linear driving force rate expression model was used to simulate the dynamic of adsorption and desorption in adiabatic fixed bed adsorber. The model takes into account the interference effects for non-linear isotherms and non-isothermal system. The equations were solved by backward finite difference method with a fixed gridding technique. The individual mass transfer parameters were obtained by matching the theoretical with the experimental data and found to be equal to 8.510 s-1 and 0.783 s-1 for hydrogen and methane, respectively.The predicted effluent histories were shown to be in close agreement with the experimental data for the system. The lowest relative capacity of the bed for methane was almost approximately 95% of that predicted equilibrium capacity. The predicted temperature profiles tracked the experimental temperature data points, but with higher values. Furthermore, the maximum temperature increasing was observed for the adsorption of methane onto 5A molecular sieve at 35 atmospheres and was recorded as 44 K.
THERMOGRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SACCHARUM/UNSATURATED POLYESTER COMPOSITES
Authors: Abdulah Aseel Mahmmod , Aziz Nadia
Published: February 2019

The investigation on the thermogravimetric analysis of unsaturated polyestermatrix composites reinforced with untreated saccharum fibers and other treated byalkaline solution of NaOH with four weight percent include 0.5, 1, 2 and 2.5% was involvedin this work. Generally the incorporation of saccharum fibers slightly change the thermalstability of the unsaturated polyester matrix by the weight loss value and only forreinforcement by unsaturated sacchrum fibers and that treated in 2.5% NaOH.
STUDY THERMAL BEHAVIOR OF HEAT CURE POLY (METHYL METHACRYLATE) REINFORCED BY BAMBOO AND RICE HUSK POWDERS FOR DENTURE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Oleiwi Jawad K. , Hamad Qahtan Adnan , Rahman Hadil Jabbar Abdul
Published: February 2019

The present research, studies the effect of adding two different types of reinforcing powders, which included: Bamboo (Ba) and Rice Husk (RH), that added with different weight fractions (2, 4, 6 and 8 wt. %), and with the selected size particles of (25µm and 75µm) on thermal behavior of heat Cure Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) such as thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity in addition to the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis  and these tests were accomplished at temperature of laboratory. The poly Methyl Methacrylate properties which reinforced by (Bamboo and Rice Husk) powders are mainly influenced by the interfacial adhesion strength between the powders and the matrix, and in order to get better correlation between the natural powder and PMMA matrix, so the powders were treated with alkali (sodium hydroxide NaoH) solution prior to use as reinforcement materials. The results showed that the values of the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity increased with increasing of the weight fraction for both particle sizes (25 µm and 75 µm) of natural powders.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF ROUGNESS EFFECTS ON HYDERDYNMIC AND THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF COUNTER FLOW MICROCHANNEL HEAT EXCHANGER
Authors: Ali Ahmed A. , Hasan Mushtaq I. , Adnan Ghassan
Published: February 2019

In this paper the effect of surface roughness on the performance of counter flow microchannel heat exchanger has been numerically investigated. The studied Microchannel heat exchanger is a square shape and made of aluminum as substrate material with different values of hydraulic diameters (20, 50, 110, 150 ) μm. The working fluid used is water  at constant properties. Roughness- viscosity model has been used to study the roughness effect with 0.14 ratio of roughness to hydraulic diameter.  The results obtained indicate that pressure drop of (CFMCHX) increased with increasing surface roughness and decrease hydraulic diameter also the results showed that there is a slight increasing in thermal performance with increasing the surface roughness.
FABRICATION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF ZA-27 ALLOY MATRIX HYBRID COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Hashim Dr. Fadhil Abbas , Abdulkader Dr. Niveen Jamal , Hisham Kateralnada Faris
Published: February 2019

In this research stir casting technique is used to produce (ZA-27)alloy hybrid composites reinforced by nano particles (BN and Si3N4) with various weight percentage.The wear test were used pin on disk for both (ZA-27) alloy and all composites.The results indicate that the value of hardness increased with increasing the additives of nano (BN and Si3N4) percentage for ZA-27 hybrid metal matrix composites. It was found that the nano particles play an important role in improving the wear properties of alloys. Since nano particles impede dislocations movement, causing enhancement in the mechanical properties.