bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring the effectiveness of value-framing and message valence on audience engagement across countries
Authors: Blake Katie , Kubo Takahiro , Veríssimo Diogo
Published: November 2023

Changing public behaviour is an essential step for successful conservation, and can be achieved through effective use of message framing. However, its use in the conservation sector is not well-studied. We first performed a content analysis to assess what types of framing styles environmental non-governmental organisations (ENGOs) often employ for their social media posts. We then ran a real-world online fundraising campaign to examine the influence of value-framing (‘Intrinsic’ and ‘Extrinsic’) and message valence (‘Positive’ and ‘Negative’) on audience engagement with the advertisements, across five countries. Altogether, ENGOs generally used ‘Positive’ framing for their posts significantly more often than ‘Negative’, but did not use one type of value-framing more than the other. For the fundraising campaign, there were significant differences between countries’ engagement with the advertisements. However, click-through rates did not significantly differ when using types of value-framing nor message valence, and no donations were received to support the campaign. These results may show that message valence and value-framing alone have little influence on audience engagement, if any, at least in the context of social media. To enhance campaign success for the future, it is recommended that conservationists offer concrete information regarding fundraising outcomes, and activate social norms.
“Io, keimami leqataka vakalevu na vei gauna mai muri” (“We are worried about the future generation”): Experiences of eco-grief in rural indigenous Fijians
Authors: Lykins Amy D. , Cosh Suzanne , Nunn Patrick D. , Kumar Roselyn , Sundaraja Cassandra
Published: November 2023

The impacts of climate change are particularly strong in Pacific Small Island Developing States. However, empirical data on mental health and well-being in the context of climate change and climate anxiety in the region remains limited. The aim of this research was to understand the emotional experiences of climate change and its impact on well-being in rural Fiji. Seventy-one Indigenous and traditional Fijian adults from seven rural villages were interviewed. Data were analyzed using an inductive latent thematic analysis. Evident was the experience of ecological grief among Indigenous and traditional Fijians. In particular, grief experiences were related to losses of species and resources, which impacted ways of life and led to the loss of culture, traditions, and customs. Anticipatory grief was also evident, relating to the loss of lifestyle for future generations, and the loss of traditional and ancestral homes through potential migration. Results provide new data from the Global South and contribute to the limited exploration of mental health in relation to climate change in the Pacific region. The results highlight the experience of ecological grief among Pacific Islanders, and underscore the significance of culture loss due to climate change and anticipatory grief.
Geographical and sexual disparities of lung cancer mortality trends in China: A population-based study
Authors: Huang Wenkai , Zhai Guanghong , Dong Hang , Lin Guozhen , Yang Jun , Li Mengmeng
Published: November 2023

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the major causes of cancer deaths in China. Death burden and mortality of LC vary according to sexes and regions. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the geographical and sexual disparities in LC mortality trends in China, and a further age-period-cohort analysis to explore underlying factors. LC mortality data during 2004-2021 were extracted from the Disease Surveillance Points system. Annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated for 36 sub-populations by sex, urban-rural status and geographical regions. The age-period-cohort model was applied to investigate age, period and cohort effects on mortality trends. Time trends of ASMR for LC overall did not show statistical significance during 2004-2021, but contrasting patterns were observed between cities and countryside, with annual average percent changes of -1.58% (95%CI, -2.11%- -1.05%) and 0.57% (95%CI, 0.07%- 1.07%), respectively. ASMR of LC decreased in eastern and central regions and increased markedly in western region. Cohort effects illustrated a downward trend in cities, but an inverted U-shape curve peaking around the 1950s appeared in the countryside, and the decreasing trends were slower in the western region. There are substantial geographical and sexual disparities in LC mortality trends in China, notably with unfavorable trends in the western countryside. The variation in cohort effects on the mortality trends implies the importance of taking region- and population-specific primary prevention strategies to reduce the disease burden of LC in China.
Sustainable Ecotourism: The Case of the Riverine Communities in Capiz, Philippines
Authors:   Research Development and Extension Office Capiz State University Capiz, Philippines, B. Biclar Leo Andrew , L. Linan Efren ,   Research Development and Extension Office Capiz State University Capiz, Philippines, Madiclum Rodyard B. ,   Research Development and Extension Office Capiz State University Capiz, Philippines, F. Olapane Ruel
Published: November 2023

The Capizenos had been firmly fighting the pandemic for almost two years. The province’s economy and the people’s livelihood had drastically fallen as the virus hindered the logistics, sales, and production efforts of the region. Capiz State University implemented the RISE Capiz (Riverine Improvement towards a Sustainable Ecotourism in Roxas City, Capiz) Program to address the gaps, challenges, and needs of the riverine communities within Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines. It aimed to establish a sustainable ecotourism industry in the riverine communities. This study involved a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The qualitative component utilized a citizen-centric community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) approach, ensuring river tour members’ active participation in the research process. The results indicate that the trainings were well received and have produced tangible outcomes in terms of increased income and improved livelihoods. The implementation of the acquired knowledge and skills has not only benefited the riverine communities, but also played a role in preserving the riverine communities. It is the hope that the impact of these trainings will be long-lasting and continue to provide benefits to the riverine communities in the future. The utilization of social media pages, as a tool for promoting RISE Capiz’s Palina and Cadimahan river tour operators and their offerings, was found to be an effective strategy.
Lessons Learned about Evaluating Fairness from a Data Challenge to Automatically Score NAEP Reading Items
Authors: Beiting-Parrish Magdalen , Whitmer John
Published: November 2023

Natural language processing (NLP) is widely used to predict human scores for open-ended student assessment responses in various content areas (Johnson et al., 2022). Ensuring algorithmic fairness based on student demographic background factors is crucial (Madnani et al., 2017). This study presents a fairness analysis of six top-performing entries from a data challenge involving 20 NAEP reading comprehension items that were initially analyzed for fairness based on race/ethnicity and gender. This study describes additional fairness evaluation including English Language Learner Status (ELLs), Individual Education Plans, and Free/Reduced-Price Lunch. Several items showed lower accuracy for predicted scores, particularly for ELLs. This study recommends considering additional demographic factors in fairness scoring evaluations and that fairness analysis should consider multiple factors and contexts.
Benedicto XVI El papa de la fe y de la razón
Authors: Fazio Fernandez Mariano
Published: November 2023

"Benedicto XVI El papa de la fe y de la razón Benedicto XVI es el Papa de la fe y de la razón. El papa alemán se enfrenta a la ""dictadura del relativismo"", a la crisis del indiferentismo y a la falta de sentido en el mundo contemporáneo. En este contexto exhorta a todos los hombres a ser cooperadores de la verdad, ampliando la razón en un continuo diálogo con la fe, para que el centro de su mensaje pueda ser recibido: Cristo es el Hijo de Dios que toma la carne para salvarnos a través de su cruz y su resurrección. Su mensaje, centrado en el kerigma salvífico, dota de sentido al hombre contemporáneo y llena de esperanza a la existencia humana. El papa emérito encarna humildemente su teología y propuesta magisterial: la esperanza del cristiano radica en el conocimiento de la imposibilidad de salvarnos con nuestras propias fuerzas, pues es Cristo nuestro salvador."
Asentimiento y certeza en el pensamiento de John Henry Newman. Una defensa de la creencia religiosa
Authors: Sada Alejandro
Published: November 2023

John Henry Newman dedicó gran parte de su esfuerzo intelectual a defender la validez de la creencia religiosa frente los ataques del racionalismo del siglo XIX. Le inquietaba ver cómo sus amigos se dejaban cautivar por el escepticismo generalizado que permeaba las cuestiones religiosas. En su obra filosófica más importante, la Gramática del asentimiento, el Cardenal pone de manifiesto que el problema de fondo es una idea reducida de lo que significa “racionalidad”. Sostiene que se han establecido criterios a priori para determinar cuándo es válida una prueba y está justificado un asentimiento. Como consecuencia de esos criterios arbitrarios, la certeza religiosa parece haber perdido toda su validez. En contra de este reduccionismo, Newman buca devolverle a la razón su verdadera amplitud. En este libro, Alejandro Sada facilita la lectura de la Gramática mediante una ruta que permite comprender de manera articulada en qué consiste para Newman la adquisición de certezas sobre la realidad concreta. De esta capacidad se deriva la validez de la fe cristiana, la cual se refiere fundamentalmente a un acontecimiento concreto. Sada no se limita a exponer el pensamiento de Newman, sino que hace una valoración crítica de los alcances de su propuesta: cuando es el caso, señala sus debilidades, y ofrece sugerentes respuestas a las objeciones que se le pueden hacer al Cardenal. ¿Qué tipo de valor racional tiene la certeza religiosa? ¿Cómo se diferencia de otras formas de certeza? ¿Cuál es la verdadera amplitud de la racionalidad humana? ¿Cómo se forman nuestras convicciones? Newman ofrece respuestas originales a estas preguntas, las cuales resuenan en nuestra época con una renovada urgencia. Por esta razón, tiene razón Guillermo Hurtado al decir que “es deseable que el cardenal inglés no sólo sea venerado en nuestros altares, sino que también sea estudiado en nuestras escuelas de filosofía y teología”. Este libro de Alejandro Sada, continúa Hurtado, “es una contribución muy valiosa al estudio especializado del pensamiento de Newman que seguramente servirá sobremanera para ese propósito”
OʻZBEKISTONNING XALQARO BOZORLARIDAGI ISHTIROKI TAHLILI
Authors: Sindarov Fazliddin , Xabibullayev Dadajon
Published: November 2023

Ushbu maqolada xorijiy investitsiyalarni mamlakat iqtisodoyotiga jalb qilishda obligatsiyalarning rolini va ularning milliy iqtisodiy rivojlanishga ko'rsatadigan ko'p qirrali ta'siri tadqiq qilingan. Obligatsiyalar yirik xorijiy investorlar kapitalini jalb qilish, davlat moliyaviy ekotizimining barqarorlikgini ta’minlash va iqtisodiy o’sish rag’batlantirishning muhim vositasi hisoblanadi.Tadqiqotda davlat va korporativ obligatsiyalarning xalqaro kapitalni jalb qilishdagi ahamiyatni o’rganib, qarzlar bilan bog’liq risklarni kamaytirish va to'g'ridan-to'g'ri xorijiy investitsiyalarni jalb qilishda moliyaviy manbalarni diversifikatsiya qilishning ahamiyati o’rganilgan.
From Fields to Futures: 40 action points for rural revitalisation - Nordic Rural Youth Panel 2023
Authors:   Nordregio, Wøien Meijer Mari , Cedergren Elin , Guðmundsdóttir Hjördís
Published: November 2023

The Nordic Rural Youth Panel has synthesized a report outlining 40 actionable recommendations for making rural areas in the Nordic region more attractive for young people. This paper addresses the ongoing trend of young people moving to cities, highlighting the need for better public transportation, a variety of housing options, and education that connects to local job markets in rural areas. The panel wants to change the common view that success and a good life can only be found in cities, showing instead that rural areas have a lot to offer. The report expands on several key areas: - Transportation: Young people in rural areas need easy and affordable access to public transit and various local travel options to support a fair transition to green transport. - Housing: There's a need for affordable and diverse housing, ensuring young people have good options for both renting and buying that meet their needs, and are linked to local services and community activities. - Education and employment: Young people need access to education at all levels in rural areas, with clear paths from education to local jobs, including options for remote work. - Health and recreation: There should be safe spaces for discussions about mental and physical health, as well as access to places for sports and other activities. - Community and social life: Funding is needed for public spaces and activities that bring people together, helping to create strong community ties. - Inclusion: Policies and discussions need to be accessible and relevant to young people, using their language and platforms to ensure they can actively participate and feel valued. Developed with input from 25 young people across the whole Nordic region, the panel’s recommendations provide a direct and valuable perspective for policymakers. It serves as a guide for creating appealing, dynamic, and sustainable rural communities, ensuring young people are at the centre of these efforts.
CONSTRUCTION AND REGULATION OF STATIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR CONTROL OBJECTS
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University, ARTEMYEV Victor , NAZOIKIN Evgeny ,   Russian Biotechnological University, PANKOV Vitaly ,   Moscow University of Industry and Finance
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the issues of digitalization in stream generation systems, as well as their shortcomings in existing Industrial Ethernet solutions, which were addressed using a new innovative approach. In addition, such solutions are often limited in their flexibility. However, these aspects are becoming increasingly important in the future. Existing control systems are characterized, as a rule, by branched hierarchical structures, and the quality of their functioning is assessed according to vector criteria. Such systems include the national economy as a whole, its branches, industrial enterprises, information systems, targeted programs in various subject and applied areas. It should also be noted that from the point of view of the system approach, any systematization is a fragment of a more general hierarchy of such systems. Automation of control processes and their analysis of modern complex control systems more and more often uses hierarchical models, which makes the problem of their development and research more relevant today. The method proposed by the authors for solving such problems does not seem unnecessarily cumbersome, since it is necessary not only to automate processes at each level, but also to carry out interlevel control. The conclusion is that none of the existing solutions is suitable for meeting the challenges of the future regarding scalability, flexibility or reliability.
Gastric Tumors and Protein Losing Enteropathy
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Oncology, Instituto Portugês de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Portugal, Martins Antonio Gentil
Published: November 2023

2 patients presented with exudative gastropathy, anemia and severe hypoproteinemia. A 9 years old boy had hypertrophic glandular gastritis, involving almost all of the stomach and the other, a 4 month’s old boy, had an undifferentiated Teratoma at the level of the lesser curvature. Endoscopy was performed in both, leading to the definitive diagnoses in the 1st but not in the 2nd, in whom it could only be obtained in the operative specimen. The 1st had a total gastrectomy and the 2nd a partial gastrectomy, with lymph node dissection, associated with a pyloromyotomy and partial fundoplication. Both have remained cured and are living a normal life.
PENINGKATAN MANTRI BRI DALAM ANALISIS KEUANGAN BERBASIS EXCEL
Authors: Leon Mishelei , Rahmawan tari Dhistianti Mei
Published: November 2023

Dalam rangka meningkatkan meningkatkan kualitas SDM Mantri BRI dalam analisis keuangan. Pusat pengabdian kepada masyarakat fakultas ekonomi Universitas Krisnadwipayana bekerja sama dengan BRI Corporate University memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan pada Mantri BRI cabang Bogor, dalam hal penyusunan laporan keuangan berbasis Microsoft excel dengan tujuan Mantri BRI nantinya diharapkan mampu melakukan analisa keuangan dan mengambil keputusan yang tepat berdasarkan pertimbangan-pertimbangan tertentu, sehingga menjadi Penasehat pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM Advisor) dalam rangka pendampingan UMKM naik kelas. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 16-18 Maret 2022 di Kinasih Resort and Conference. Secara umum hasil dari pelatihan yang diberikan memperlihatkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, motivasi, ketrampilan dan kemampuan khalayak sasaran (peserta) tentang aspek bisnis dan aspek keuangan dalam pengambilan keputusan yang tepat.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DISKRIMINASI DAN INTOLERANSI MASYARAKAT SERTA PEMDA TERHADAP PENGHAYAT KEPERCAYAAN AKUR SUNDA WIWITAN di CIGUGUR
Authors: R. Jossy Belgradoputra  , Pratiwi Siswantari , Mardani Mardani , Widodo Hartono , Nugraha Wisnu
Published: November 2023

Ajaran Pangeran Madrais Alibassa Koesoema Widjajaningrat yang kemudian dikenal sebagai ajaran Akur Sunda Wiwitan, sepertinya selalu dipandang sebagai suatu momok menakutkan dalam kehidupan beragama di Nusantara ini, khususnya oleh pemeluk agama Islam. Kasus-kasus yang menimpa aliran kepercayaan kebanyakan berhubungan dengan aturan-aturan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah, seperti dalam pembuatan KTP, perkawinan, pendidikan, dan lainnya. Tahun 2017 lalu, masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Sunda Wiwitan Cigugur harus melakukan perlawanan terhadap pelaksanaan eksekusi terhadap putusan Pengadilan Negeri Kuningan. Tahun 2020 lalu, pemerintah daerah setempat melarang pembangunan makam masyarakat Adat Karuhun Urang (AKUR) Sunda Wiwitan, dengan alasan bahwa pembangunan makam yang berbentuk tugu tersebut tak mengantongi IMB dan dikhawatirkan menjadi tempat pemujaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui masih terdapat diskriminasi dan intoleransi terhadap penghayat kepercayaan Akur Sunda Wiwitan dan cara meminimalisirnya, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif empiris. Diskriminasi dan sikap intoleran terhadap penghayat kepercayaan khususnya Sunda Wiwitan bermula dari sikap pemerintah daerah yang tidak sungguh-sungguh mengakui keberadaan penghayat kepercayaan, dalam hal ini adalah Sunda Wiwitan. Hal tersebut tergambar dari jawaban pemda Kuningan yang menganggap bahwa Sunda Wiwitan masih abu-abu. Sikap pemerintah daerah tersebut bertentangan dengan Pasal 18 B ayat (2) UUD 1945.
Assessing the Economic Potential of Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs): An Ex-ante Cost-Benefit Analysis for Agricultural R&D in Southern Philippines
Authors: Preciados Lemuel S. , Hall David
Published: November 2023

With the growing emphasis on reducing costs within the government, it is increasingly important for public research institutions to adopt more cost effective approaches for the provision of public services, while at the same time aiming to enhance the use of innovations and research outputs to reduce poverty and improve the livelihoods of more people. Public-private partnerships in agricultural R&D have been recognized as an effective method to address these issues. This paper has examined the cost and benefits of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in agricultural research and development. With the assumptions on the benefits of PPP based on literatures and case studies reviewed, the results of the cost-benefits analysis suggest positively higher returns to the investment in collaborative research (With PPP) when compared with non-collaborative research (Without PPP). The technology adoption scenarios have also shown that the estimates of the increase of adoption rates and the earlier adoption expectation are highly relevant and significant for getting a higher return on the investment. The analysis concludes that the inclusion of the private sector in public research and development initiatives in agricultural R&D can generate higher welfare benefits that have the potential to provide positive net benefits and bigger impact for the agencies working in the research partnerships.
Improving the efficiency of thermal power plants research methods
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Mammadova C , Abdullayev Adil ,   Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University, Musazade I ,   Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University
Published: November 2023

The methods increasing the efficiency at stations operating at high parameters have been studied and it has been determined that the technical and economic indicators at such stations are higher. The temperature regime of the heating surface of the boiler operating at high-temperature has been investigated and enthalpy at the boundary of the deteriorated heating regime beginning has been determined.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2,2-dibromo-1-(3-nitrophenyl)vinyl)diazene
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Akkurt Mehmet , Maharramov Abel ,   Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Shikhaliyev Namig ,   Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Qajar A ,   Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Atakishiyeva G ,   Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Shikhaliyeva Irada ,   Baku State University, Department of Chemistry, Niyazova Aytan ,   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Bhattarai Ajaya ,   Department of Chemistry, M.M.A.M.C. (Tribhuvan University)
Published: November 2023

The molecule of the title compound, C14H8Br2ClN3O2, consists of three almost planar groups: the central dibromoethenyldiazene fragment and two attached aromatic rings. The mean planes of these rings form dihedral angles with the plane of the central fragment of 17.00 (13) and 60.91 (13)0 for chlorine- and nitro-substituted rings, respectively. In the crystal, face-to-face π-π stacking interactions connect molecules in zig-zag chains along the a-axis. With halogen⋅⋅⋅halogen, halogen⋅⋅⋅hydrogen, Br⋅⋅⋅H, O⋅⋅⋅H, N⋅⋅⋅H and van der Waals interactions between these chains, molecular packing becomes stable. The most substantial contributions to crystal packing, according to a Hirshfeld surface analysis, are from Br⋅⋅⋅H/H⋅⋅⋅Br (19.6%), H⋅⋅⋅H (12.2%), C⋅⋅⋅H/H⋅⋅⋅C (11.9%) and O⋅⋅⋅H/H⋅⋅⋅O (11.0%) contacts.
Acquisition of value-added products from plant-based wastes
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Sadigov Ramil , Macnunlu Umida ,   Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC)
Published: November 2023

Plant-based waste generation occurs on a large scale in agriculture, processing, as well as distribution and retailing processes. In such cases, a large part of the waste is not used properly and also it can cause serious environmental problems if it is not managed in a rational way. Thus, plant-based wastes are rich in sugars, fats and phytochemicals, and a number of valuable compounds, including protein and lignocellulose. The assessment of rich compounds in food industry waste minimizes environmental problems and also increases the economic competitiveness of products in the agro-food industry. This research paper mainly discusses the different types of phases of biorefinery systems and the applications associated with these systems, and then presents the recent positive results in the food industry of plant-based wastes for the production of various value-added products. As a result, techno-economic, ecological and social evaluations are conducted around these prospective issues. From a statistical point of view, in the last ten years, research works directed to the general use of plant-based wastes in order to produce different types of products have increased. For the assessment of waste from the food industry, the complex processing of food waste through the combination of high technologies to produce products in mass form based on the principle of bioprocessing has the necessary advantages. In particular, it should be noted that plant-based wastes can be considered valuable resources for the regular production of biofuels and also chemicals. As a result, there is a great need for diversified economic, social and environmental analyzes for the biorefinery process in the future.
Calming Corner Therapy in an Effort to Increase Mental Resilience in Adolescents
Authors: Budiman M. Elyas Arif , Yuhbaba Zidni Nuris , Cahyono Hendra Dwi
Published: November 2023

Mental health problems have important implications on various aspects of adolescents' lives including their ability to engage in education, engage in constructive family relationships, and make friends and develop independence. Therefore, detection, treatment and support are fundamental parts of the services to be provided to the adolescent population. The aim of this community service activity is to organize activities that can be used as an effort to improve mental health in teenagers through the Calming Corner Therapy program. The calming corner therapy activity was carried out for 4 weeks, where for 4 weeks there was one meeting a week for 60-80 minutes. Calming Corner Therapy provides a guidance process for various interventions that can be applied independently by teenagers and jointly explore various approaches to find the right combination and solution for teenagers who experience mental health problems. The calculation results show that of the 50 teenagers who took part in the calming corner therapy community service activity in an effort to increase mental resilience in teenagers, 86% had positive resilience and 14% had negative resilience. Calming Corner Therapy is one of the activities that can help students improve the mental resilience of teenagers. Therefore, community service activities in schools need to be developed sustainably.
Increasing Community Knowledge in Efforts to Prevent Covid-19 Disease in Rural Areas
Authors: Vitaliati Trisna
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 has greatly affected human life, especially in the health sector. It is important that in this very emergency situation, to maintain the health of the people themselves, they must pay attention to their own health. thus, this prevention can be carried out in ways that have been recommended by the government, namely social distancing, washing hands, and using masks when traveling. The development of irresponsible issues can become an important problem in the COVID-19 outbreak control program in rural areas. The lack of knowledge and understanding of the population regarding valid information about the Corona virus agent can have a big social impact. This community service was carried out with training for health cadres in Silo Village, Silo District, attended by 30 cadres. The training material is in the form of Power Point slides, followed by training with simulations of correct recording and reporting regarding the early detection of COVID-19 events in the community. The results of this community service activity showed an increase in public knowledge about efforts to prevent transmission of COVID-19. This activity is effective for increasing village community knowledge in efforts to prevent COVID-19. It is hoped that the community can continue to carry out programs on preventing COVID-19.
Empowerment Of Adolescents In Preventing Bullying Behavior at School
Authors: Yuhbaba Zidni Nuris , Sholehah Wahyi , Budiman M. Elyas Arif
Published: November 2023

Bullying is a behavior that is currently happening among teenagers. The impact that occurs as a result of bullying behavior is very dangerous for both victims and perpetrators such as decreased academic achievement, problems in socialization, and disruption of both physical and mental health. Intervention must be carried out to solve the problem of this bullying problem. One way is to invite youth to participate in caring for and preventing bullying behavior through educational activities and forming bullying prevention groups. The purpose of this activity is to increase youth's knowledge about bullying, and ways how to prevent it in order to prevent bullying behavior at school. This community service activity was carried out for 45 teenagers at SMP Plus Miftahul Ulum Kalisat by providing education and forming groups to prevent bullying behavior. Evaluation is done by measuring the knowledge of adolescents through pre-test and post-test. The results of the activity showed an increase in adolescent knowledge before and after the activity. The pre post results showed that 45% of teenagers had less knowledge about bullying, 35% had sufficient knowledge and 20% had good knowledge. After education and socialization there was a change in knowledge, 5% had less knowledge, 20% had sufficient knowledge and 75% had good knowledge. Education and outreach about bullying, ways and means of prevention are effective in increasing youth's knowledge about bullying.
Does Ranking Explain Actual Performance? A Case of WEF Tourism Competitiveness Report
Authors: Hanafiah Mohd Hafiz , Hemdi Mohamad Abdullah , Ahmad Ismail
Published: November 2023

A competitive tourism destination should generate tourism revenues. Defining and measuring competitiveness is crucial for a tourism destination, especially to appraise its performance compared to the competitors. The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) was developed by the World Economic Forum (WEF) in 2007 as the only tourism competitiveness indicator. The TTCI has been subjected to methodological criticism, such as the arbitrary weighing of variables. Underdeveloped countries are rated lower while the first-world countries are the highest rated tourism destinations in TTCI. Their ranking has been buoyed by their quality infrastructures, but not on tourist motivation to visit their diverse core tourism products that create tourism demand and generate tourism revenues. An empirical study was conducted on data from 115 nations. Secondary data on the competitiveness attributes were extracted from international reports. The causal relationship between the competitiveness attributes and TTCI ranking, together with tourism performance was tested through the variance-based structural equation modelling. Seven variables were identified as predictors to TDC: tourism core resources, complimentary conditions, infrastructure quality, destination management, environmental management, tourism price, and globalisation. The TTCI should weight tourism-related components more than non-tourism components to ensure a balanced approach. Moreover, the TTCI should consider the unique features of a destination in the ranking calculations. Only then TTCI ranking will be able to convey a more comprehensible and factual assessment, to guide decision-making related to tourism developments, investments, and other types of business decisions.
So Just How Satisfied Are Millennials with Their Hotel Experience?
Authors: Kim Seunghyun "James" , Cha Jaemin , Singh Arjun , Knutson Bonnie , Morgeson Forrest
Published: November 2023

The millennial generation is emerging as a powerful economic force across all economic segments, including lodging. With millennials being the largest generation of consumers, it is important to understand their satisfaction in important areas across two hotel segments as defined by price. We drew the data from the highly regarded American Customer Satisfaction Index. As this cohort increases in purchasing power, hotel brands are enhancing their offerings to better engage this segment. Thus, in an increasingly competitive lodging sector, it is important to examine drivers that influence this generation’s hotel experience. Our study focused on these drivers in two price segments. This report presents the findings and offers guidance to hotel management that can help them increase millennials’ satisfaction with their hotel experience.
Recommandations pratiques pour une utilisation responsable de l’intelligence artificielle en santé mentale en contexte de pandémie
Authors: Mörch Carl-Maria , Lehoux Pascale , Dilhac Marc-Antoine , Régis Catherine , Dionne Xavier
Published: November 2023

La pandémie actuelle a provoqué une onde de choc dont les conséquences se font sentir dans tous les aspects de notre vie. Alors que la santé physique a été généralement au cœur de l’attention scientifique et politique, il est devenu clair que la pandémie de COVID-19 a influé significativement sur la santé mentale de nombreux individus. Plus encore, elle aurait accentué les fragilités déjà existantes dans nos systèmes de santé mentale. Souvent moins financé ou soutenu que la santé physique, le domaine de la santé mentale pourrait-il bénéficier d’innovations en intelligence artificielle en période de pandémie ? Et si oui comment ? Que vous soyez développeur.e.s en IA, chercheur.e.s ou entrepreneur.e.s, ce document vise à vous fournir une synthèse des pistes d’actions et des ressources pour prévenir les principaux risques éthiques liés au développement d’applications d’IA dans le champ de la santé mentale. Pour illustrer ces principes, ce document propose de découvrir quatre cas fictif, à visée réaliste, à partir desquels il vous sera proposé de porter attention aux enjeux éthiques potentiels dans cette situation, aux enjeux d’innovation responsable à envisager, aux pistes d’action possibles inspirées de la liste de contrôle (Protocole Canadien conçu pour favoriser une utilisation responsable de l’IA en santé mentale et prévention du suicide, Mörch et al., 2020), aux ressources pratiques et à certains enjeux juridiques pertinents. Ce document a été élaboré par Carl-Maria Mörch, PhD, Algora Lab, Université de Montréal, Observatoire International sur les impacts sociétaux de l’Intelligence Artificielle et du Numérique (OBVIA), Mila – Institut Québécois d’Intelligence Artificielle, avec les contributions de Pascale Lehoux, Marc-Antoine Dilhac, Catherine Régis et Xavier Dionne. Cette veille sur les outils numérique en santé dans le contexte de COVID-19 s’inscrit dans le cadre des travaux de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés, soutenus par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ).
Recension des solutions technologiques développées dans le monde afin de limiter la propagation de la COVID-19 et typologie des applications de traçage
Authors: Mondin Christophe , De Marcellis-Warin Nathalie , Castets-Renard Céline , Després Philippe , Déziel Pierre-Luc , Gambs Sébastien , Langlois Lyse , Macaux Guillaume
Published: November 2023

En réponse à la pandémie de COVID-19, la communauté scientifique mondiale, les gouvernements, ainsi qu’une partie de la société civile se sont rapidement mobilisés pour essayer de ralentir la propagation du virus, protéger la population, sauver des vies et permettre un retour à une vie « normale » avec une reprise des activités économiques le plus rapidement possible. Dans ce contexte, une multitude de solutions technologiques s’appuyant sur des outils jusqu’à lors jamais utilisés en contexte de crise sanitaire ont été développées et certaines déjà déployées à travers le monde afin d’aider à lutter contre la propagation du virus. Ce document de recension préparé par Christophe Mondin et Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin, propose d'abord un tour d’horizon d’un grand nombre de solutions technologiques développées dans le monde en réponse à la pandémie. Cette recension est par la suite axée sur les applications de traçage pour téléphones intelligents qui visent à limiter les chaînes de contagion, soit par la recherche de contacts (« contact tracing ») ou par la localisation (« position tracking) » des individus, infectés ou non par le coronavirus. Une typologie de ces applications de traçage complète ce rapport et les présente par grandes catégories et selon leurs caractéristiques principales. Cette analyse descriptive des applications de traçage met en lumière certains enjeux à prendre en compte lors du choix d’une technologie par rapport à une autre. Ce document a été préparé sous la direction de la fonction Veille et enquêtes de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) dans le cadre des travaux sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés soutenues par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ).
Productivity of fourfinger threadfin (Eleutheronema tertadactylum) capture fishery in Bungur Village Rangsang Pesisir Sub-District Meranti Islands District, Riau Province
Authors: Situngkir Mariono , Yani Alit Hindri , Zain Jonny
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to determine the productivity value of turtle catching in Bungur Village, Rangsang Pesisir District, Meranti District, Riau Province. The production of kurau nets for five years shows that fourfinger threadfin fishing effort and production fluctuate yearly. In the period from 2017-2021, 2018 was the year with the most production of kurau nets, with a total catch of kurau nets totaling 7205 kg/year, and the highest catch occurred in March, namely 867.7 kg while the lowest catch occurred in July, namely 166.6 kg. Based on the results of the calculation of the fishing season index, it is known that the fish catch is abundant from January to March. In these months, fishing is excellent, and the peak season is in February. From April to September, the fish catch is minimal, and this month is the wrong time to catch fish.
Can Independent Underwriters Benefit
Insurers in High-Risk Lines?
A Cournot Market-Game Analysis
Authors: Cheng Jiang , Powers Michael R.
Published: November 2023

One of the greatest dangers to the solvency of property-liability insurers is writing
large amounts of new business in a high-risk line (i.e., a line of insurance in which
a substantial portion of buyers consists of high-risk insureds). This practice is problematic
because of both potentially inadequate pricing and potentially lax underwriting.
A prominent example of the latter phenomenon was the collapse of many
captive insurers in the early to mid-1980s, in which the insurers relied too heavily
on independent underwriters motivated solely by increasing premium volume. In
this article, we employ a Cournot market-game model to study the financial impact
of informed independent underwriters (i.e., unaffiliated underwriters with private
information regarding the risk characteristics of insureds) on insurers in high-risk
property-liability lines. In a market with a risk-neutral insurer and CARA insureds,
we find that the insurer will always do worse by using a risk-neutral underwriter
than by operating on a direct-writing basis. However, for an insurer employing
mean-variance optimization, the proper combination of underwriter-compensation
and capital allocation may lead to better outcomes than direct writing.
Une crise financière qui ébranle les colonnes
du temple
Authors: Moreau Rémi
Published: November 2023

Alors que les déboires des institutions financières liées au marché hypothécaire
à risque (subprimes) se sont accumulés depuis plusieurs mois, l’auteur identifie
d’abord quelques institutions américaines prises dans la tourmente en septembre et
en octobre, une contagion qui s’est poursuivie sur les marchés européens et asiatiques.

Il passe également en revue quelques solutions drastiques mises de l’avant par les
gouvernements et les Banques centrales pour aider les milieux financiers, non pas
tant pour sauver quelques institutions mais pour sauver le système lui-même et toute
l’économie dangereusement menacée.

Il examine enfin la situation de certains marchés financiers canadiens, tant en ce qui
concerne le secteur bancaire que celui de l’assurance. Les institutions financières
canadiennes semblent mieux se comporter que leurs consoeurs américaines. Face à
la conjoncture actuelle, on s’attend à ce que le marché de l’assurance et de la réassurance
se durcisse dans les mois à venir.
Une brève histoire des assurances au
Moyen Âge
Authors: Boyer Martin
Published: November 2023

Afin de comprendre comment les contrats d’assurance se sont développés, il faut
analyser les moyens qui ont été utilisés au travers des âges par les marchands et les
armateurs pour réduire leurs pertes en cas d’accident ou de sinistre. Il faut savoir
qu’au Moyen Âge, l’Église luttait férocement contre certaines pratiques commerciales
qu’elle qualifiait d’usure. Dans ce document, je tenterai de démontrer que
l’assurance maritime s’est développée beaucoup plus rapidement que l’assurance
terrestre pour trois raisons principales. Premièrement, les voyages maritimes
étaient plus sujets à la piraterie que ne l’étaient les voyages terrestres au brigandage;
deuxièmement, les cataclysmes naturels affectent plus le commerce par mer
que le commerce par terre, et troisièmement, le commerce maritime rapporte plus
que le commerce terrestre.
Appétence au risque : intégration au pilotage d’une société d’assurance
Authors: Thérond Pierre , Valade Pierre
Published: November 2023

La Directive Solvabilité 2 adoptée définitivement en novembre 2009 au sein de l’Union européenne modifie profondément les règles prudentielles du secteur de l’assurance. Si le premier pilier exige que les assureurs disposent d’un niveau de
fonds propres qui leurs permettent de ne pas être en ruine à horizon 1 an avec une probabilité supérieure à 99,5 %, les assureurs devront, au titre du pilier 2, mettre en oeuvre un suivi et un pilotage permanent de leur exposition aux risques au travers de l’ORSA (Own-Risk Solvency Assessment). En particulier, les décisions significatives en termes d’exposition au risque devront être appréciées au regard de leur impact sur l’exigence de capital.

Aussi il apparaît opportun pour les assureurs de s’organiser et de mettre en oeuvre une gestion en relation avec l’appétence au risque de la société. Au-delà du seul fait de mesurer l’impact de telle ou telle décision sur l’exposition au risque et l’exigence de fonds propres correspondante, il s’agit d’intégrer cette contrainte et de définir les objectifs de la société pour prendre les décisions optimales.

L’objectif de cet article est de présenter la notion d’appétence au risque et d’expliquer en quoi son intégration dans le pilotage de la compagnie constitue un
avantage conséquent. Il décrit ensuite les étapes de sa mise en place au travers de la définition des objectifs, des contraintes et de leur déclinaison pour les différents propriétaires de risques.
Xynthia : histoire d’une catastrophe prévisible
Authors: Moreau Rémi
Published: November 2023

Xynthia est le nom d’une dépression météorologique majeure qui a frappé l’Europe de l’Ouest entre le 26 février et le 1er mars 2010, et plus particulièrement la France et son littoral, dans la nuit du 28 février, provoquant 53 décès, et causant
des dommages assurables évalués à 1,4 milliard de dollars. Elle est considérée comme une des plus violentes depuis les tempêtes Lothar et Martin de décembre 1999.

L’auteur décrit sommairement cette catastrophe et ses effets, en insistant particulièrement
sur les enseignements qu’on peut en tirer, notamment en ce qui concerne les digues maritimes dont plusieurs n’ont pu protéger adéquatement plusieurs communes en bord de mer et provoquant des inondations tuant des dizaines
de personnes dans leur sommeil. Il aborde également l’une des mesures prises par le gouvernement français en décrétant des « zones noires », qui présentent des risques mortels, et qui obligeront les propriétaires à abandonner leur maison. Ils
seront alors pleinement indemnisés à concurrence de la valeur réelle établie avant la tempête, incluant la valeur du terrain.
Large-scale disasters and the insurance industry
Authors: Krämer Walter , Schich Sebastian
Published: November 2023

The authors investigated the impact of the 20 largest – in terms of insured losses
– man-made or natural disasters on various insurance industry stock indices. They
show via an event study that insurance sectors worldwide are quite resilient, in a
market–value sense, to unexpected losses to capital. The data provide evidence
that equity market investors believe that insurance companies will on average be
able to make losses back over the foreseeable future, i.e. that the adverse shocks to
equity which have resulted from these catastrophes will be compensated by either
an outward shift of the demand curve or by an ability to raise premiums, or both.
The Effects of Rate Regulation on the Volatility of Auto Insurance Prices - Evidence from Canada
Authors: Leadbetter Darrell , Voll Jane , Wieder Erica
Published: November 2023

Previous studies using U.S. data have found that rate regulation reduces competition,
availability of coverage and increases volatility of insurance premiums. This
article extends the U.S. literature to the Canadian context to examine whether rate
regulation increases premium volatility in the province of Ontario. Based on an
empirical analysis using data covering six provinces over the 18–year period from
1984 to 2001 we find that rate regulation is significant in explaining the volatility
in average insurance premiums, after accounting for claims related costs. This
finding is consistent with results from other jurisdictions.
Lateral damage and point of impact
in intersection crashes: Implications for injury
Authors: Chipman Mary L. , Lebovic Gerald , Desapriya Ediriweera , Gane John
Published: November 2023

Crashes in intersections may result in damage to vehicles and injury to occupants in
many different ways. One vehicle hitting the side of another (T-type) is the classic
side impact; however, we have argued in the past that other crash configurations
(e.g., L-type) may subject occupants to similar risks because both vehicles may
sustain lateral damage. To test this assumption, we examined crash data from police
reports of 4032 intersection right-angle crashes (IRC), collected by the Insurance
Corporation of British Columbia for 2002. We compared the risk and types of injury
in target and bullet vehicles for T-type crashes, L-type crashes by front and rear
fender involvement and for all other IRC crashes. There were 787 T-type crashes
(impact into either side of target vehicle), compared to 798 L-type crashes (impact
into front fender) and 350 L-type (impact into rear fender). Overall, injury risk was
23.5%. Proportions injured were very similar for occupants of target and bullet vehicles
in T-type crashes (OR = 0.996; 95% ci 0.80 to 1.24.); for L-type crashes, the
proportions were 23.2% for front and/or front fender involvement and 15.0% for crashes involving the rear fender of one vehicle and the front or front fender of the
other (OR =1.71; 95% ci 1.40 - 2.10). Apart from rear fender crashes, proportions
injured were very similar (P > 0.05). Other factors, notably weather, lighting, land
use and vehicle damage differed significantly by crash type, and were strongly associated
with injury risk. Since rear-fender crashes are a small proportion of IRC
crashes, this suggests that it is not necessary to subdivide crashes by configuration
in IRC crashes.