bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Negotiations of Selves in a Bilingual Japanese-English Elementary School Program: A Duoethnographic-Narrative Study
Authors: Yphantides Jennifer
Published: October 2020

This duoethnographic-narrative study reports on child, parent, teacher, and administrator experiences and visions in a bilingual Japanese-English elementary school program. Drawing on liminality and imagined communities as theoretical frameworks, the researcher collected data from a variety of participants and shaped it into a narrative. Findings indicate that while Japan does have a growing number of multilinguals from varied backgrounds, child-parent experiences and visions of the future are not always congruent, nor are parent-teacher or parent-administrator experiences and visions aligned. Rather than making recommendations for practice, the paper concludes with a review of the literature, connecting the researcher’s findings with the extant body of scholarship.
Leaving Room for Minority Culture
Authors: Kamibeppu Marybeth
Published: October 2020

This chapter is targeted at families raising bilingual and bicultural children in the Japanese school system. In it, I will discuss how one bicultural family approached fitting into Japanese school and society while still developing the minority-language mother’s culture and language. Since one family’s experience could be attributed to unique circumstances, to provide additional insights and perspectives eight other expatriate parents were interviewed either face-to-face (four parents) or via an online survey (four parents) to highlight some of the common strategies and experiences they used over time. For this study, the minority language is English as the international families all have an English first-language (L1) speaker or a bilingual (Japanese/English) parent. Each child in this paper has been educated primarily in Japanese public elementary, and public and private junior high and high schools. However, depending on the circumstance, some families have also chosen to embrace education outside the Japanese system. For some, this was a few weeks or months during elementary school, and for others it was for university or study abroad. For all the families who participated in my research for this chapter, education included an organized social and educational support group for raising bilingual children outside of school. Specifically, this chapter will explore the following: (1) how expatriate parents supported their own culture; (2) the importance of support from other families raising bilingual English/Japanese children while living in Japan; (3) what parts of these families’ experiences can enrich the lives of other bicultural families; and (4) how families can balance Japanese school clubs (bukatsu), supplementary education, school, and finances to support a family while still maintaining a minority language and culture.
One Family’s Personal Account of Linguistic Challenges of Bringing up Children in a Third Culture
Authors: Doyle Shane , Creaser Fiona
Published: October 2020

In this chapter, we focus on the challenges of bringing up three children in three different cultures in two languages. We attempt to raise the issue of Japanese heritage inherent to the Japan-born foreign nationals and the difficulties encountered in trying to maintain and further L1 and L2 bilingualism. We introduce difficulties associated with L1 fluency as dictated by the necessity of living in a predominantly monolingual society and the desire to maintain and further L2 proficiency within this environment. Through the language struggles, we also attempt to highlight issues of identity that arise through the monolingual culture of Japan. We raise the question of which language the L1 language is and which language becomes the L2. We question perceptions of this, in particular in relation to parental views. Finally, we introduce some of the solutions to these difficulties in the hope that parents in similar situations may find them of benefit.
Yasa Dışı Göçle Mücadele Bağlamında Avrupa Birliği ve Türkiye Politikalarının Karşılaştırması
Authors: ZORLU Merve , YETİM Mustafa
Published: October 2020

Devletlerin oluşturduğu göç temalı yasalar sonucunda suni bir kavram olarak yasa dışı göç doğmuş ve göç meselesi zamanla güvenlik kapsamına alınmaya başlanmıştır. Arap ayaklanmaları ve Suriye İç Savaşı sonrası yaşanan gelişmeler ise göçün güvenlikleştirilmesini yoğunlaştırmıştır. Bu bağlamda artan güvenlik merkezli politikalar, 2015’te Akdeniz’de yoğunlukta olan yasa dışı göçleri insani trajediye dönüştürmüştür. Ekonomik ve sosyal gelişmişlik düzeyi sebebiyle göçmenler için hedef bölge olarak beliren Avrupa Birliği’nin güvenlik eğilimli tutumunda ısrarcı olması krizi daha dramatik hâle getirmiştir. Birlik hem güvenlik hem de göçmen krizini yönetebilmek için üye devletler arasında yeni uygulamaların benimsenmesini sağlamaya çalışmıştır. Fakat bu politikalar kısa vadeli çözümler üretebilmiş ve üçüncü ülkelerle iş birliği stratejisi çerçevesinde oluşturulmuştur. Avrupa Birliğin’in göç konusunu dışsallaştırma tutumu, göç akımına direkt sınırı olan Türkiye’yi dışsal uygulayıcı ülke olarak Birlik nezdinde önemli bir partnere dönüştürmüştür. Göçmenler tarafından hem hedef hem de transit ülke olarak görülen Türkiye, krizin yönetimi için müzakere süreci kapsamında Birliğin ilgili müktesebatına uyum sağlamayı hızlandırmış ve Birlik ile iş birliği faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Ancak süreç içerisinde Birliğin güvenlik öncelikli yaklaşımından taviz vermemesi, Türkiye’nin ise açık kapı politikasındaki ısrarını sürdürmesi aktörler arasındaki farklılıkların derinleşmesine yol açmıştır. Yasa dışı göçü kavramsal çerçeveye oturtan bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Birlik ile Türkiye’nin yasa dışı göçe ilişkin yaklaşım farklılıklarını özellikle Arap Ayaklanmaları ve Suriye İç Savaşı gelişmelerine odaklanarak analiz etmektir. Yöntem olarak literatürün birincil ve ikincil kaynaklarına başvuran çalışma, Türkiye’de yasa dışı göçle mücadele uygulamalarına Birliğin önemli katkı yaptığını fakat Türkiye’nin son dönemde daha hissedilir olan güvenlik öncelikli Kale Avrupası yaklaşımından zamanla farklı tutum sergilediği sonucuna ulaşmıştır.
Assasing Terrorism as a Hegemonic Conception within the Context of Securitization
Authors: CAVUSOGLU Esra
Published: October 2020

The concept of terrorism has become a widely referred phenomenon in the field of international relations in recent years and has become one of the leading parameters in security-based studies. The increase in the number of terrorist activities in recent years has caused terrorism to become a primary and common threat for national and international security, as acknowledged by international law. However, the ambiguity in the definition of terrorism, which is left unclear in the conceptional framework enables terrorism to be manipulated and instrumentalized for political purposes. Thus, it is observed that what is referred to as terrorism or terrorist can be defined in different ways by different political agendas. Regarding this fact, it is argued in this paper that terrorism is easily used as a useful hegemonic tool. Therefore, it has grown as a hegemonic conception. The main argument of this paper is that terrorism functions as the essential and central element in the securitization policies and systems mainly implemented in the Middle East. How the terrorism conception is materialized for the maintenance of hegemony is analyzed in this paper within the framework of critical security and securitization theories based on two cases; Palestinians and the Muslim Brotherhood (MB) which both have been accused of terrorism for hegemonic purposes within the configuration of securitization.
OPTIMISATION OF INJECTION MOULDED POLYPROPYLENE SAWDUST COMPOSITE USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY AND ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: ALİYEGBENOMA Cyril , OZAKPOLOR Mercy
Published: October 2020

This study focuses on the optimisation of the injection moulded Polypropylene -Sawdust (PP-sawdust) composite. The PP material and sawdust were mixed together to form a homogenous mixture with various percentage composition by volume as recommended by the design of experiments using the central composite design (CCD). The two screw plunger injection moulding machine was used to produce Polypropylene-Sawdust (PP-Sawdust) composite at various temperature. The produced composites were evaluated for their mechanical properties which included tensile strength, proof stress, percentage elongation and flexural strength. The response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to determine the effect of the interaction of temperature, material type and percentage by volume of material on the mechanical properties of the produced PP-sawdust composite. The models were validated using coefficient of determination (R2).
The models were validated using coefficient of determination (R2). The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained ranged from 0.9435 (94.357%) to 0.9988 (99.88%) which indicates that a substantial good fit was achieved by the model developed. A desirability of 0.952 was obtained which shows the adequacy of the model terms The optimization results for PP-Sawdust composites shows that the tensile strength, proof stress, flexural strength and flexural modulus were maximized with values of 31.90 MPa, 41.94 MPa, 88.22 MPa and 2.72 GPa respectively obtained at barrel temperature of 224.65 oC and polymer level of 45.56% while percentage elongation and average deflection were minimized with values of 74.12% and 6.46 cm respectively
REGRESSION BASED RISK ANALYSIS IN LIFE INSURANCE INDUSTRY
Authors: BOZYİĞİT Fatma , ŞAHİN Murat , GÜNDÜZ Tolga , IŞIK Cem , KILINÇ Deniz
Published: October 2020

Risk analysis is a crucial part for classifying applicants in life insurance business. Since the traditional underwriting strategies are time-consuming, recent works have focused on machine learning based methods to make the steps of underwriting more effective and strengthening the supervisory. The aim of this study is to evaluate the linear and non-linear regression-based models to determine the degree of risk. Therefore, four linear and non-linear regression algorithms are trained and evaluated on a life insurance dataset. The parameters of algorithms are optimized using Grid Search approach. The experimental results show that the non-linear regression models achieve more accurate predictions than linear regression models and the LGBM algorithm has the best performance among the all regression models with the highest R2, lowest MAE and RMSE values.
ÇÖZGÜLÜ ÖRME İŞLETMESİNDE TOZ MARUZİYET ÖLÇÜMLERİNİN İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KODALOĞLU Murat , KARAKAN GÜNAYDIN Gizem
Published: October 2020

Havadaki kirleticilerin, özellikle yüksek maruziyet düzeyinde sıklıkla görülen pnömokonyoz akciğer hastalıkları ile ilişkileri kurulmaktadır. [4] Kişilerin toza maruziyeti söz konusu olduğunda, toza bağlı mesleki hastalıklara yakalanma riskleri de beraberinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Sanayileşmiş ve sanayileşmekte olan ülkelerde sınır değerlerin de üzerinde toza maruziyet, iş görmezlikler ve ölümlere yol açabilmektedir. Çalışanların, çalışma ortamından kaynaklanan hastalıklarla mağdur edilmesi kabul edilemeyeceği gibi, mesleki hastalıkların ulusal sağlık ve sosyal güvenlik sistemleri üzerine mali yükler oluşturmaktadır. Tüm bu olumsuzluklar, ortadan kaldırılabilir, yönetilebilir veya kontrol altına alınabilir.

Toz, sanayileşmenin yoğun olarak yaşandığı pek çok ülkede insan sağlığını ve yaşam kalitesini daha fazla etkileyen önemli bir sorun olma özelliği taşımaktadır. İnsanlar, yaşamın değişik ortamlarında tozlu alanlarda bulunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte tozdan en çok etkilenen kesimi, yüksek düzeyde tozun ortaya çıktığı sanayi kuruluşlarında çalışanlar oluşturmaktadır. Toz, çalışan kişilerin yaptıkları işten yakınmalarına neden olması, çalışma performanslarını olumsuz yönde etkilemesi ve buna bağlı olarak iş gücü kaybına neden olması önem arz etmektedir. Fabrikalarda farklı tozlu ortamlarda çalışan kişilerin tozdan etkilenme durumlarını incelemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma kapsamında, işletmenin çözgülü örme ve şardon bölümlerinin toz düzeyi ölçümleri yapılarak belirlenmiştir. Örme ve şardon makinalarının ortama yaydıkları toz düzeyi değerleri ölçülmüştür. Ölçüm sırasında; iş analizinde tespit edilen nominal gün şartlarının dışına çıkılmadığı gözlenmiştir. Görevler belirlenen süreler içinde gerçekleştirilmiştir ve tüm toz kaynakları tespit edilen sürelerde çalışılmıştır.
Sexual dysfunction and rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Lee Bum-Suk , Kim Onyoo
Published: October 2020

In the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries, sexual rehabilitation is a pertinent issue that should not be ignored. Although they may not openly discuss sexual issues with their doctor at first, patients consider these issues to be very important. Therefore, doctors should ask their patients about their sexual problems in order to provide them with consultation and treatment. For males with spinal cord injuries, erectile dysfunction is the most significant problem. Patients are looking for a doctor who can help them to solve their problem of erectile dysfunction. Fortunately, there are a variety of effective methods that can help with erectile dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injuries. Oral medications, such as sildenafil, are very effective. However, if medications prove ineffective, intracavernosal injections may be considered. Couples with spinal cord injury are, of course, still capable of sexual intercourse. A couple in which the patient is a male may use the woman-on-top position. If the aim is conception, women with spinal cord injuries should be informed that their fertility is likely unaffected. Doctors may recommend that males with spinal cord injuries be treated in a fertility clinic. Hospitals with full-time sexual rehabilitation personnel and sexual rehabilitation programs can be of great help to patients with spinal cord injuries. The scope of such sexual rehabilitation should include not only medical help but also strategies for restoring sexual life, eliminating conflicts, and ensuring the happiness of couples.
Prevention and treatment of pressure sore following spinal cord injury
Authors: Kim Myeong Ok
Published: October 2020

Pressure sores or pressure injury is a serious complication of a spinal cord injury (SCI), representing a challenging problem for patients, their caregivers, and their physicians. Persons with SCI are vulnerable to pressure sores throughout their life. Pressure sores can potentially interfere with the physical, psychosocial, and overall quality of life. Outcomes directly depend on education and prevention along with conservative and surgical management. Therefore, it is very important to understand everything about pressure sores following SCI. This review covers epidemiology, cost, pathophysiology, risk factors, staging, evaluation tools, prevention, education, conservative wound care methods, surgical treatment, and future trends in wound healing related to post-SCI pressure sores. A change in nomenclature was adopted by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel in 2016, replacing “pressure ulcer”with “pressure injury.” New concepts of pressure injury staging, such as suspected deep tissue injuries and unstageable pressure injuries, were also introduced. A systematic evidence-based review of the prevention of and therapeutic interventions for pressure sores was also discussed.
Volatile organic compound emissions from solvent- and water-borne coatings: compositional differences and tracer compound
identifications
Authors: Stockwell Chelsea E. , Coggon Matthew M. , Gkatzelis Georgios I. , Ortega John , McDonald Brian C. , Peischl Jeff , Aikin Kenneth , Gilman Jessica B. , Trainer Michael , Warneke Carsten
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from volatile chemical products (VCPs) – specifically personal care products, cleaning agents, coatings, adhesives, and pesticides – are emerging as the largest source of petroleum-derived organic carbon in US cities. Previous work has shown that the ambient concentration of markers for most VCP categories correlate strongly with population density except for VOCs predominantly originating from solvent- and water-borne coatings (e.g., parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF) and Texanol®, respectively). Instead, these enhancements were dominated by distinct emission events likely driven by industrial usage patterns, such as construction activity. In this work, the headspace of a variety of coating products was analyzed using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) and a gas chromatography (GC) pre-separation front-end to identify composition differences for various coating types (e.g., paints, primers, sealers and stains). Evaporation experiments of several products showed high initial VOC emission rates and for the length of these experiments, the majority of the VOC mass was emitted during the first few hours following application. The percentage of mass emitted as measured VOCs (
Impact of absorbing and non-absorbing aerosols on radiation and
low-level clouds over the Southeast Atlantic from co-located satellite
observations
Authors: Baró Pérez Alejandro , Devasthale Abhay , Bender Frida , Ekman Annica M. L.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. We use data derived from instruments onboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) and CloudSat satellites as well as meteorological parameters from reanalysis to explore situations when moist aerosol layers overlie stratocumulus clouds over the Southeast Atlantic during the biomass burning season (June to October). One main goal is to separate and quantify the impacts of aerosol loading, aerosol type, and humidity on the radiative fluxes, including cloud top cooling. To achieve our objectives we split the data into different levels of aerosol and moisture loadings. By using the aerosol classification available from the CALIPSO products, we also separate and compare situations with pristine air, with smoke, and with other (mixed) types of aerosols. We find a substantial number of cases with mixed aerosols above clouds that occur under similar meteorological conditions as the smoke cases. In contrast, the meteorology is substantially different for the pristine situations, making a direct comparison with the aerosol cases ambiguous. The moisture content is enhanced within the aerosol layers, but we do not find a monotonous increase of the relative humidity with increasing aerosol optical depth. Shortwave (SW) heating rates within the moist aerosol plumes increase with increasing aerosol loading and are higher in the smoke cases compared to the mixed cases. However, there is no clear correlation between moisture changes and SW absorption. Cloud top cooling rates tend to decrease with increasing moisture within the overlying aerosol layers, but the influence is relatively weak and confounded by the strong variability of the cooling rates caused by other meteorological factors (most notably cloud top temperature). No clear influence of aerosol type or loading on cloud top cooling rates is detected. We also do not find any correlation between aerosol loading and the thermodynamic structure of the atmosphere nor the cloud top height, i.e. no indication of a semi-direct aerosol effect. This result is consistent with previous studies that examined clearly separated aerosol and cloud layers (in our case at least 0.4 km).
Speciation of VOC emissions related to offshore North Sea oil and
gas production
Authors: Wilde Shona E. , Dominutti Pamela A. , Andrews Stephen J. , Bauguitte Stephane J.-B. , Burton Ralph R. , Colfescu Ioana , France James , Hopkins James R. , Jones Anna E. , Lachlan-Cope Tom , Lee James D. , Lewis Alastair C. , Mobbs Stephen D. , Weiss Alexandra , Young Stuart , Purvis Ruth M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The North Sea is Europe's key oil and gas (O&G) basin with the output currently meeting 3–4 % of global oil supply. Despite this, there are few observational constraints on the nature of atmospheric emissions from this region, with most information derived from bottom-up inventory estimates. This study reports on airborne measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from O&G producing regions in the North Sea. VOC source emission signatures for the primary extraction products from offshore fields (oil, gas, condensate, mixed) were determined in four geographic regions. Measured iso-pentane to n-pentane (iC5 / nC5) ratios were 0.89–1.24 for all regions, used as a confirmatory indicator of O&G activities. Light alkanes (ethane, propane, butane, pentane) were the dominant species emitted in all four regions, however total OH reactivity was dominated by unsaturated species, such as 1,3-butadiene, despite their relatively low abundance. Benzene to toluene ratios indicated the influence of possible terrestrial combustion sources of emissions in the southern, gas-producing region of the North Sea, seen only during south or south-westerly wind episodes. However, all other regions showed a characteristic signature of O&G operations. Correlations between ethane (C2H6) and methane (CH4), confirmed O&G production to be the primary CH4 source. The enhancement ratio (ΔC2H6 / ΔCH4) ranged between 0.03–0.18, indicating a spatial dependence on emissions with both wet and dry CH4 emission sources. The excess mole fraction demonstrated that deepwater oil extraction resulted in a greater proportion of emissions of higher carbon number alkanes relative to CH4, whereas gas extraction, typically from shallow waters, resulted in a less complex mix of emissions dominated by CH4. The VOC source profiles measured were similar to those in the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) for oil production, with consistency between the molar ratios of light alkanes to propane. The largest discrepancies between observations and the inventory were for mono-aromatic compounds, highlighting that these species are not currently fully captured in the inventory. These results demonstrate the applicability of VOC measurements to distinguish unique sources within the O&G sector and give an overview of VOC speciation over the North Sea.
Clouds over Hyytiälä, Finland: an algorithm to classify clouds based on solar radiation and cloud base height measurements
Authors: Ylivinkka Ilona , Kaupinmäki Santeri , Virman Meri , Peltola Maija , Taipale Ditte , Petäjä Tuukka , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Kulmala Markku , Ezhova Ekaterina
Published: October 2020

Abstract. We developed a simple algorithm to classify clouds based on global radiation and cloud base height measured by pyranometer and ceilometer, respectively. We separated clouds into seven different classes (stratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, nimbostratus, altocumulus + altostratus, cirrus + cirrocumulus + cirrostratus and clear sky + cirrus). We also included classes for cumulus and cirrus clouds causing global radiation enhancement, and we classified multilayered clouds, when captured by the ceilometer, based on their height and characteristics (transmittance, patchiness and uniformity). The overall performance of the algorithm was nearly 70 % when compared with classification by an observer using total-sky images. The performance was best for clouds having well-distinguishable effects on solar radiation: nimbostratus clouds were classified correctly in 100 % of the cases. The worst performance corresponds to cirriform clouds (50 %). Although the overall performance of the algorithm was good, it is likely to miss the occurrences of high and multilayered clouds. This is due to the technical limits of the instrumentation: the vertical detection range of the ceilometer and occultation of the laser pulse by the lowest cloud layer. We examined the use of clearness index, which is defined as a ratio between measured global radiation and modeled radiation at the top of the atmosphere, as an indicator of clear-sky conditions. Our results show that cumulus, altocumulus, altostratus and cirriform clouds can be present when the index indicates clear-sky conditions. Those conditions have previously been associated with enhanced aerosol formation under clear skies. This is an important finding especially in the case of low clouds coupled to the surface, which can influence aerosol population via aerosol–cloud interactions. Overall, caution is required when the clearness index is used in the analysis of processes affected by partitioning of radiation by clouds.
Stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles from SCIAMACHY solar occultation
Authors: Noël Stefan , Bramstedt Klaus , Rozanov Alexei , Malinina Elizaveta , Bovensmann Heinrich , Burrows John P.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The Scanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) instrument on Envisat provided, between August 2002 and April 2012, measurements of solar and Earthshine spectra from the UV to the shortwave infrared spectral region in multiple viewing geometries. We present a new approach to derive stratospheric aerosol extinction
profiles from SCIAMACHY solar occultation measurements based on an onion-peeling method similar to the onion-peeling differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) retrieval, which has already been successfully used for the derivation of greenhouse gas profiles. Since the retrieval of aerosol extinction requires as input measured transmissions in absolute units, an improved radiometric calibration of the SCIAMACHY solar occultation measurements has been developed, which considers various instrumental and atmospheric effects specific to solar occultation. The aerosol extinction retrieval can in principle be applied to all
wavelengths measured by SCIAMACHY. As a first application, we show results for 452, 525 and 750 nm. The SCIAMACHY solar occultation time series has been processed, covering a latitudinal range of about 50–70∘ N.
Reasonable aerosol extinctions are derived between about 15 and 30 km with typically larger uncertainties at higher altitudes due to decreasing aerosol extinction. Comparisons with collocated Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE-II) and SCIAMACHY limb aerosol data products revealed good agreement with essentially no mean bias. However, dependent on altitude, differences of up to ±20 %–30% to SAGE-II at 452 and 525 nm are observed. Similar results are obtained from comparisons with SAGE-III. SCIAMACHY solar occultation data at 750 nm have been compared with corresponding SAGE-III, Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS) and SCIAMACHY limb results. The agreement with SCIAMACHY limb data at 750 nm is within 5 %–20 % between 17 and 27 km. SAGE-III and OSIRIS show at this wavelength and altitude range on
average about 40 % and 25 % smaller values, with some additional
10 %–20 % modulation with altitude. The altitude variations in the differences are mainly caused by systematic vertical oscillations in the SCIAMACHY occultation data of up to 30 % below about 25 km. These oscillations decrease to amplitudes below 10 % with increasing number of collocations and are no longer visible in monthly anomalies. Major volcanic eruptions as well as occurrences of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) can be identified in the time series of aerosol extinction data and related anomalies. The influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is visible above
25 km.
Climate change as an incentive for future human migration
Authors: Chen Min , Caldeira Ken
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Human migration is both motivated and constrained by a multitude of
socioeconomic and environmental factors, including climate-related factors.
Climatic factors exert an influence on local and regional population
density. Here, we examine the implications of future motivation for humans to
migrate by analyzing today's relationships between climatic factors and
population density, with all other factors held constant. Such “all other
factors held constant” analyses are unlikely to make quantitatively accurate
predictions, but the order of magnitude and spatial pattern that come out of
such an analysis can be useful when considering the influence of climate
change on the possible scale and pattern of future incentives to migrate.
Our results indicate that, within decades, climate change may provide
hundreds of millions of people with additional incentive to migrate, largely from
warm tropical and subtropical countries to cooler temperate countries, with
India being the country with the greatest number of people with additional
incentive to migrate. These climate-driven incentives would be among the
broader constellation of incentives that influence migration decisions.
Areas with the highest projected population growth rates tend to be areas
that are likely to be most adversely affected by climate change.
The Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere (KEBA) model 1.0: a simple yet physical approach for estimating regional wind energy resource potentials that includes the kinetic energy removal effect by wind turbines
Authors: Kleidon Axel , Miller Lee M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. With the current expansion of wind power as a renewable energy source, wind turbines increasingly extract kinetic energy from the atmosphere, thus impacting its energy resource. Here, we present a simple, physics-based model (the Kinetic Energy Budget of the Atmosphere; KEBA) to estimate wind energy resource potentials that explicitly account for this removal effect. The model is based on the regional kinetic energy budget of the atmospheric boundary layer that encloses the wind farms of a region. This budget is shaped by horizontal and vertical influx of kinetic energy from upwind regions and the free atmosphere above, as well as the energy removal by the turbines, dissipative losses due to surface friction and wakes, and downwind outflux. These terms can be formulated in a simple yet physical way, yielding analytic expressions for how wind speeds and energy yields are reduced with increasing deployment of wind turbines within a region. We show that KEBA estimates compare very well to the modelling results of a previously published study in which wind farms of different sizes and in different regions were simulated interactively with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) atmospheric model. Compared to a reference case without the effect of reduced wind speeds, yields can drop by more than 50 % at scales greater than 100 km, depending on turbine spacing and the wind conditions of the region. KEBA is able to reproduce these reductions in energy yield compared to the simulated climatological means in WRF (n=36 simulations; r2=0.82). The kinetic energy flux diagnostics of KEBA show that this reduction occurs because the total yield of the simulated wind farms approaches a similar magnitude as the influx of kinetic energy. Additionally, KEBA estimates the slowing of the region's wind speeds, the associated reduction in electricity yields, and how both are due to the depletion of the horizontal influx of kinetic energy by the wind farms. This limits typical large-scale wind energy potentials to less than 1 W m−2 of surface area for wind farms with downwind lengths of more than 100 km, although this limit may be higher in windy regions. This reduction with downwind length makes these yields consistent with climate-model-based idealized simulations of large-scale wind energy resource potentials. We conclude that KEBA is a transparent and informative modelling approach to advance the scientific understanding of wind energy limits and can be used to estimate regional wind energy resource potentials that account for the depletion of wind speeds.
Satellite altimetry detection of ice shelf-influenced fast ice
Authors: Brett Gemma M. , Price Daniel , Rack Wolfgang , Langhorne Patricia J.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The outflow of supercooled Ice Shelf Water from the conjoined Ross and McMurdo ice shelf cavity augments fast ice thickness and forms a thick sub-ice platelet layer in McMurdo Sound. Here, we investigate whether the CryoSat-2 satellite radar altimeter can detect the higher freeboard caused by the thicker fast ice and the buoyant forcing of the sub-ice platelet layer beneath. Freeboards obtained from CryoSat-2 were compared with four years of drill hole measured sea ice freeboard, snow depth, and sea ice and sub-ice platelet layer thicknesses in McMurdo Sound in November of 2011, 2013, 2017 and 2018. The spatial distribution of higher CryoSat-2 freeboard concurred with the distributions of thicker ice shelf-influenced fast ice and the sub-ice platelet layer. The mean CryoSat-2 freeboard was 0.07–0.09 m higher over the main path of supercooled Ice Shelf Water outflow, in the centre of the sound, relative to the west and east. In this central region, the mean CryoSat-2 derived ice thickness was 35 % larger than the mean drill hole measured fast ice thickness. We attribute this overestimate in satellite altimeter obtained ice thickness to the additional buoyant forcing of the sub-ice platelet layer. We demonstrate the capability of CryoSat-2 to detect higher Ice Shelf Water influenced fast ice freeboard in McMurdo Sound and the wider application of this method as a potential tool to identify regions of ice shelf-influenced fast ice elsewhere on the Antarctic coastline.
Information and Communication Technology Management Support and Service Delivery at the Department of Immigration, Kenya
Authors: Komen Gladys Kangogo , Senaji Thomas Anyanje
Published: October 2020

Service delivery is a major function of the State Department of Immigration and there are some ICT factors which may influence the provision of quality services to citizens. We examined the relationship between the ICT Management support and service delivery at Department of Immigration passport control office in Nairobi Kenya using a descriptive survey design with sample size of 192 respondents with questionnaires for data collection. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22 software where descriptive statistics were calculated which comprised means and standard deviation while Chi square statistics were used to assess the association between variables. We found a significant association between ICT management support and service delivery = 0.740 (p = 0.786 > 0.05). Based on this finding it is recommended that the Government ensures sufficient ICT funding, innovate ICT policies and strategies to cater for new ICT trends that are necessary for improved service delivery. Further, there is need to regularly review ICT standards and regulations to reflect the dynamic nature of the technology used in service delivery.
Sgt. Pepperand theWhite Album: The Establishment and Dissolution of the Album Form
Authors: Littlejohn John
Published: October 2020

Critics and fans already regarded Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band as the apotheosis of the album form by the time the Beatles recorded their follow-up LP, the White Album. Always artistically restless, the band were no longer interested in creating the same type of cohesive, thematically unified album as Sgt. Pepper; they had already accomplished that feat and moved on. With the White Album, the Beatles positively shattered any sense of textual unity, creating a type of anti-Pepper and, perhaps unavoidably, anti-album. Doing so allowed the Beatles to undermine album construction and allowed the audience insight into the band's creative process.
“We are a fly on the wall listening”: Constructions of Musical Intimacy in The Beatles'Anthology
Authors: Stiegler Zack , Campbell Todd
Published: October 2020

Between 1995 and 1996, The Beatles released the three volume, six-disc Anthology, a sprawling audio set issued to coincide with a televised documentary of the same name. One of the first major releases of its kind, the Anthology albums curated and compiled previously unreleased demos, studio recordings, and live performances, under the auspices of giving listeners insight into the band's creative process. Beyond the appeal of new Beatles product however, the Anthology albums are unique in exploiting particular manifestations of musical intimacy that ultimately serve to further cultivate the group's well-established pop cultural mythos.
Análisis psicométrico de una escala de dependencia emocional en universitarios peruanos
Authors: Ventura José , Caycho Tomás
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo analiza las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Dependencia Emocional, de Lemos Hoyos y Londoño Arredondo (2006), compuesta por 23 ítems, con seis alternativas de respuesta tipo Likert. Los participantes fueron 520 universitarios peruanos (147 varones y 373 mujeres), cuyas edades fluctuaron entre los 16 a 47 años, con un promedio de 22,28. Los participantes fueron divididos en una muestra de 200 personas para el análisis factorial exploratorio, y 320, para el análisis factorial confirmatorio. El análisis de correlación ítem-test indicó una adecuada homogeneidad de los ítems. La confiabilidad fue analizada mediante el coeficiente omega, variando de acuerdo a los modelos, desde ,85 a ,93. El análisis factorial exploratorio sugirió la existencia de un solo factor. Debido a la diferencia con la versión original, se realizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, concluyendo que el modelo de un factor general con seis factores específicos tiene aceptables valores de bondad de ajuste, pero no cuenta con valores de fiabilidad buenos para la muestra en estudio.
Feminización de la gordura: estudio cualitativo en Santiago de Chile
Authors: Energici María Alejandra , Acosta Elaine , Huaiquimilla Macarena , Bórquez Florencia
Published: October 2020

Los estudios sobre gordura han sido escasos en el mundo de habla hispana. En este artículo profundizamos en ese aspecto y proponemos que la discriminación por el tamaño del cuerpo es una forma de reproducir las desigualdades de género. Al respecto presentamos los resultados de un estudio exploratorio cuyo objetivo fue describir y comprender el modo en que se construye socialmente la gordura, atendiendo a las diferencias según sexo, grupo etario y nivel socioeconómico. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo desde una perspectiva construccionista. Llevamos a cabo seis grupos de discusión mixtos en Santiago, Chile, tres de jóvenes y tres de adultos, variando el nivel socioeconómico (alto, medio y bajo). Los análisis siguen las recomendaciones de la teoría fundada. En los resultados exponemos una feminización de la gordura que se expresa en cuatro dimensiones: una norma más estricta para el peso de las mujeres, la gordura como un asunto de preocupación femenina, como materia de condena moral, y la responsabilización de la mujer del tamaño de su cuerpo y de su familia. Concluimos que la feminización de la gordura reproduce dicotomías de lo masculino y lo femenino (mente/cuerpo; público/privado), que son en sí mismas una forma de violencia de género.
Psicoterapia con víctimas de abuso sexual inspirada en la terapia cognitivo-conductual centrada en el trauma
Authors: Guerra Cristóbal , Barrera Paulina
Published: October 2020

En Chile existe muy poca investigación referida a la efectividad de las intervenciones terapéuticas con adolescentes víctimas de abuso sexual. En el resto del mundo hay evidencia de la efectividad de la terapia cognitivo conductual centrada en el trauma (TF-CBT) que hacen suponer de su utilidad en el contexto chileno. Por esta razón, el objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la evaluación piloto de un protocolo inspirado en la TF- CBT. En total participaron 21 adolescentes de sexo femenino (edades entre 12 y 17 años) que estaban ingresadas a un centro de atención a víctimas en la ciudad de Viña del Mar, Chile. Catorce adolescentes completaron el programa de tratamiento basado en la TFCBT, en tanto siete adolescentes conformaron el grupo de comparación. Todas las participantes respondieron instrumentos de autorreporte para evaluar su sintomatología de estrés postraumático, depresión y ansiedad. Los resultados muestran que el grupo de tratamiento disminuyó significativamente su sintomatología, en tanto el grupo de comparación no mostró variaciones. Se discute sobre la utilidad de este tipo de tratamientos en el contexto chileno y sobre la necesidad urgente de obtener evidencia empírica sobre la efectividad de los tratamientos que actualmente

se implementan en el país.
Recepção e Circulação da Psicologia Humanista de Carl Rogers no Brasil
Authors: Castelo Branco Paulo Coelho , Dias Cirino Sérgio
Published: October 2020

Segundo uma perspectiva historiográfica, objetivamos (re)organizar, revisitar e refletir a recepção e circulação da psicologia humanista de Carl Rogers no Brasil. Inicialmente, apresentamos os conceitos de recepção e circulação e suas implicações para uma história da psicologia em contexto. Posteriormente, revisamos quatro momentos históricos de recepção e circulação de ideias rogerianas no Brasil, a saber, pré-história (1945-1976), fertilização (1977-1986), declínio (1987-1989) e ascensão / renascimento (1990 em diante). Em seguida, analisamos as traduções das obras de Rogers para o português brasileiro, especificando como elas contribuíram para essa recepção e circulação, nas décadas de 1970-2010. Refletimos que, atualmente, no Brasil, há poucos livros de Rogers em edição e existem algumas obras metodológicas, autobiográficas e clínicas que não foram traduzidas. Decorrem disso uma dificuldade no acesso total dos planos de pesquisa e de fundamentação teórica, clínica e educacional de Rogers, além

do conhecimento parcial da vida e da obra desse autor, conforme as suas narrativas. Argumentamos, finalmente, que esses aspectos contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de uma abordagem centrada na pessoa com especificidades locais, sobretudo, fenomenológico-existenciais.
Un siglo de psicoterapia en Argentina: psicología clínica, psicoanálisis y desarrollos recientes
Authors: Fierro Catriel , Fernández Álvarez Javier , Manzo Gustavo Adrián
Published: October 2020

Argentina posee una auténtica cultura psicoterapéutica, siendo el psicoanálisis su expresión más difundida y aceptada, particularmente en las universidades públicas. Sin embargo, Argentina carece de un sistema que provea formación continua y apropiada para los psicoterapeutas. Por tanto, las habilidades de los psicólogos han sido reiteradamente descritas como sesgadas y deficitarias. Adoptando un marco historiográfico socioprofesional, esta investigación presenta un relevamiento y análisis histórico de conjunto del desarrollo de los ámbitos psicoterapéuticos heterogéneos en Argentina durante el siglo XX, para explicar retrospectivamente el estado actual del campo. Primero, se describe la psicoterapia en Argentina desde 1900, cuando los psiquiatras y médicos inauguraron y dominaron el campo, hasta 1930, cuando el psicoanálisis, la reflexología y el existencialismo coexistían como perspectivas clínicas. Se analiza el periodo 1940-1970, caracterizado por la institucionalización del psicoanálisis. Se enfatiza la llegada de psicoanalistas a las recientemente creadas carreras de psicología, las disputas profesionales gatilladas y la consecuente hegemonización de dicha teoría y terapéutica. Se describe el período posterior a 1970, caracterizado por desarrollos institucionales y profesionales. Se detalla el desarrollo de aproximaciones psicoclínicas sistémicas, cognitivas e integrativas. Finalmente, se discuten desafíos contemporáneos de la psicoterapia en Argentina, atendiendo la necesidad de un debate profundo basado en evidencia histórica y empírica.
Ejes de significados sobre asesoramiento educativo: un estudio de caso
Authors: Carrasco-Aguilar Claudia , Elgueta Daniela , Olivares Belén , Baltar María Julia , Alfaro Nancy , Figueroa Marlen
Published: October 2020

A partir de la Ley de Subvención Escolar Preferencial se instalaron en Chile las asistencias técnicas educativas (ATE). Estas ofrecen asesorías como organizaciones privadas a establecimientos que lo requieran en el marco de políticas de estandarización educacional y rendición de cuentas. La literatura nacional e internacional señala que las asesorías efectivas son aquellas que tienen un foco en la participación y colaboración, destacando un asesoramiento pertinente como clave en los procesos de mejoramiento escolar. Este estudio se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, y analizó los ejes de significados de un equipo de asesores al interior de una ATE que trabaja con dos escuelas municipales con diferentes niveles de desempeño escolar. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido de las entrevistas realizadas que arrojó dos categorías. Estas muestran la existencia de tensiones sobre el rol de los asesores sobre la base de la participación y directividad; así como la relevancia del contexto en los significados sobre el rol de asesor. Los resultados se discuten en torno a los ejes de significados tensionados, la negociación, los valores de la asesoría, y el contexto macrosocial, institucional y escolar.
Una revisión de Historias de la psicología. Contribuciones y reconstrucciones parciales (1a Ed.)
Authors: Valdés-Silva Bárbara
Published: October 2020

Editores: Evelyn Hevia Jordán, Francisco Reiter Barros, & Gonzalo Salas.

Editorial: Ediciones Universidad Alberto Hurtado.

Lugar de edición: Santiago, Chile.

Número de páginas: 415.

Año: 2019.

ISBN: 9789563571967

Datos Editores: Evelyn Hevia, psicóloga (Universidad de Arte y Ciencias Sociales) y magíster en historia (Universidad de Chile). Doctorante en historia en Lateinamerika Institut de la Freie Universität, Berlín y académica de la Facultad de Psicología de Universidad Alberto Hurtado. Desarrolla una línea de investigación sobre las violaciones de derechos humanos. Francisco Reiter, psicólogo (Universidad Alberto Hurtado), con estudios doctorales en psicología (Universidad de Chile). Es académico de la Universidad Alberto Hurtado y desarrolla actividades en los departamentos de Psicología Básica y Psicología Clínica, en las que se desempeña como docente y supervisor clínico. Gonzalo Salas, psicólogo (Universidad de La Serena), doctor en educación (Universidad de La Salle, Costa Rica) y posdoctorado en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Es académico de la Universidad Católica del Maule.
Velhice LGBT e pessoas espíritas: Um estudo das representações sociais
Authors: Jesus Lorena Alves , Araújo Ludgleydson Fernandes , Santos José Victor de Oliveira , Gomes Hiago Veras , Salgado Ana Gabriela Aguiar Trevia , Monte Marielle
Published: October 2020

A presente pesquisa objetivou identificar as representações sociais entre pessoas espíritas. A amostra foi composta por 47 pessoas dos estados brasileiros de ambos os sexos, maioria mulheres 74,4%, como idade mínima de 18 anos e máxima de 69 anos, com média de 39,7 anos (DP = 8,7). Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário so-ciodemográfico e uma pergunta: Como você entende a velhice LGBT? Posteriormente, foram submetidas a uma análise, no software Iramuteq, pelo método da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente que originou quatro classes de aproximação semântica. Os dados sociodemográficos foram analisados pelo software SPSS. Quanto ao conteúdo das classes, são abordadas representações sociais relacionadas a dificuldade de ser idoso LGBT diante dos preconceitos, estereótipos e pouca aceitação familiar. Por outro lado, houveram representações sociais relacionadas a coragem de assumir a orientação sexual em um contexto social heteronormativo. Como também, Identifica-se o pouco conhecimento da velhice LGBT. Nesse sentido, são imprescindíveis estudos, visto que os idosos LGBT são praticamente invisíveis na sociedade.