bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Stratification, Genealogical Distance, and State Formation in Early Hawaii and the Central Andes: Steps, Slopes, and Off-Ramps in Social Evolution
Authors: Jennings Justin , Earle Timothy
Published: December 2023

Henri J. M. Claessen proposed that the early state came into being by a process of social stratification that led to the creation of genealogical distance between a ruler and the ruled. This article evaluates Claessen's proposition by comparing the development of early large-scale polities in Hawaii and the central Andes. The process of state formation in Hawaii largely followed Claessen's proposed ‘slope’ of political development – by the end of the sequence, kings were seen as gods in the protohistoric Hawaiian state. The central Andean Wari polity, in contrast, took an ‘off-ramp’ from Claessen's slope to a more heterarchical political structure of competing elite-led corporate groups. We explain some of the possible reasons for the differences between our case studies and emphasize that there are many branching pathways to greater political complexity in the ancient world.
Origins of the Early Russian State: Anthropological Perspectives
Authors: Kradin Nikolay
Published: December 2023

The origin of State in Russia is one of permanently debatable issues among the Russian scholars. The present article discusses this problem in the context of some anthropological approaches. The important role of such factors as a foreign trade and war is shown. The importance of the ideas of chiefdom, early state and heterarchy in establishing the political complexity in the early Rus' is considered.
‘Blind Spots’ of the ‘Scandinavian-Centric’ Hypothesis on the Origin of the Old Russian State
Authors: Romanchuk Aleksey
Published: December 2023

The author considers some of the ‘blind spots’ of the ‘Scandinavian-centric’ hypotheses on the emergence of the Old Russian state. He shows that adherents of the ‘Scandinavian-centric paradigm’ very often resort to ad hoc explanations without noticing the critical contradictions in their constructions. If we collect partial statements of the Scandinavian-centred hypotheses, we see how they begin to contradict each other. For example, according to Elena Melnikova, Old Russian ‘варѧгъ’ comes from Scandinavian ‘væringi’, which in turn comes from Greek ‘βάρaγγοι’, and Greek ‘βάρaγγοι’ in turn comes from the Old Russian ‘варѧгъ’. In the context of the processes leading to the formation of the Old Russian state, the author critically evaluates the ideas of the ‘Scandinavian control over the Baltic-Volga trade route’ and ‘Scandinavian colonies’ in Eastern Europe. The local polities of early medieval Eastern Europe, whether Slavic, Baltic or Finnish, obviously possessed sufficient power and military potential to close off uncontrolled movement along the river routes to the Scandinavians if they so wished. The author also raises the question of the initial political status and real role in the formation of the Old Russian state of the emerging settlements specialized in trade in Ladoga and Gnezdovo.
ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДИКА ХУДОЖНЬО- ДИЗАЙНЕРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ
Authors: Тюрікова Олена
Published: December 2023

The chapter considers the peculiarities of the implementation of the environmental approach in the artistic and professional activity of designers of the architectural environment, focuses on the methods of organizing environmental dialogue by means of a
АНАЛІЗ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ПЕРЕДЕКРАННИХ СЕНСОРНИХ ПАНЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Стахов Олексій , Романюк Олександр , Захарчук Максим , Тітова Наталія , Романюк Сергій
Published: December 2023

The presented work investigated the modern technologies of pre-screen touch panels used in various electronic devices and interactive systems
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ НАДАННЯ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНИХ ПОСЛУГ В ОРГАНАХ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ
Authors: Яремко Ірина
Published: December 2023

Scientific approaches to building an organizational mechanism of administrative services are summarized and systematized, and its practical implementation is analyzed in the context of the current regulatory and legal regulation of the provision of admini
ТОВАРНА ПОЛІТИКА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА, ЇЇ СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ
Authors: Тимченко Єгор , Охрій Максим , Окселенко Олег , Курбацька Лариса
Published: December 2023

The category «marketing product policy» was considered, the conditions for its formation and implementation at the enterprise were determined. The main goals of marketing product policy, factors of its development and ways of improvement are revealed. A l
ІНТЕГРОВАНЕ НАВЧАННЯ НА УРОКАХ ФІЛОЛОГІЧНОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ У ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ
Authors: Стиркіна Юлія
Published: December 2023

The article tells about the possibilities of integrated learning in philological lessons of elementary school.
ПРИНЦИПИ ТА НАПРЯМИ УПРАВЛІНСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ КЕРІВНИКА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Мороз Людмила
Published: December 2023

Today, the head of an enterprise should be a professional, rational person who has stable advantages and strives to maximize his own benefit in conditions of insufficient or uncertain information, limiting the choice and evaluation of alternatives that ex
Investigation of algorithms for preliminary frequency synchronization in a satellite communication receiver in the conditions of a non-geostationary orbit of a spacecraft
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)  141701, Moscow region, Dolgoprudny, Institutsky per., 9, Bibikov A.M. , Leonov I.E ,   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)  141701, Moscow region, Dolgoprudny, Institutsky per., 9
Published: December 2023

The work is devoted to a comparative study of various algorithms for compensating for frequency shift in a single-frequency radio channel under conditions of varying Doppler frequency shift. The resulting characteristics of frequency offset compensation algorithms based on the Fitz method and the least squares method were studied. Using the method of numerical experiment, the accuracy characteristics of the operation of the studied algorithms in situations of constant and changing frequency shifts were obtained. The best accuracy characteristics of the algorithm based on the Fitz method were revealed in comparison with those built on the basis of the least squares method. At the same time, the algorithm based on the least squares method showed satisfactory accuracy characteristics of operation under conditions of changing frequency shift, under which the algorithm based on the Fitz method turns out to be ineffective.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MAIN PIPELINE TECHNOLOGICAL SECTION WITH THROTTLING CONTROL
Authors: Khandozhko Viktor , Matlakhov Vitaliy
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the technological section of the main pipeline, which reflects the main hydraulic processes in the pipeline, namely Q-H characteristics of pressure and main pumping units, their connection diagrams, characteristics of the electric drive part, characteristics of the linear part (length, diameter, thickness of the pipeline ), shut-off linear valves, throttling valves, including a frequency converter, an electric motor with a gearbox and a hydraulic part (flow characteristic). The task is to develop a mathematical model of the main pipeline technological section for further use as part of a simulation stand for an automatic pressure control system (APCS). Research methods are used such as the system analysis method, technical hydraulics, mathematical modelling of operating the main oil pipeline section, considering the switch on and off of the main pumping units and changes in the opening degree of the throttling unit. The research results state that the developed mathematical model of the main pipeline technological section takes into account the basic hydraulic processes and can be used in the simulator software for automatic pressure control systems. The novelty of the work consists in building a mathematical model of the main pipeline technological section with throttling control, adapted for real-time operation for the simulator programmable logic controller. The paper findings state that the proposed mathematical model of the main pipeline technological section with throttling control has some assumptions necessary for the software to operate in real time and reflects the main hydraulic processes occurring in the oil pipeline. Switching the main pumping units and control valves is successfully modelled. The simulation results can be used in the computer program for the software and hardware complex (SHC) of the automation testing simulator and the SHC for setting up the APCS.
DYNAMICS OF A VEHICLE WHEEL PAIR WITH SIMULTANEOUS PARAMETRIC AND KINEMATIC DISTURBANCES
Authors: Nehaev Viktor , Nikolaev Viktor , Smalev Aleksandr , Seryakov Kirill
Published: December 2023

The results of studying the dynamic behaviour of a railway carriage wheelset, which is simultaneously affected by parametric and kinematic disturbances, are presented, namely the case of the wheelset movement on unequal track length with irregularities on the surface of rolling rails. It is established that the viscous friction force in the system creates a certain threshold for the parametric excitation coefficient. The paper shows that when studying the rolling stock dynamics, it is necessary to switch from the system paradigm of ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients to the paradigm of differential equations with variable (periodic) coefficients.
ENSURING THE DESIGN QUALITY OF A RESISTIVE HEATING CABLE BY DEVELOPING A MATHEMATICAL CALCULATION METHODOLOGY
Authors: Korovin Maksim , Kulikov Mikhail
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to developing a mathematical model for calculating the electrical and design parameters of a resistive heating cable. The aim of the work is to consider the main stages of designing a heating cable and to develop a methodology for calculating its main parameters and design, which will ensure the quality and performance characteristics of the future product that meets all modern technical, technological and economic requirements. The main stages of the heating cable design process are described and recommendations are given on selecting materials, calculating the electrical and design parameters, namely: rated power, electrical resistance, diameters and mass of conductors, insulation, shield and shell. Based on the electrically conductive shield design the paper examines in detail methods for calculating the weight and size parameters of shields in the form of a copper grounding conductor with foil, as well as in the form of a screening braid made of copper wires. The proposed methodology for calculating a resistive heating cable allows considering the design process in more detail. It is at this stage that the future product quality is determined, while ensuring the required characteristics and parameters, as well as reliability and consistency of the performance throughout the product entire life cycle.
Quality of care for patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction before COVID-19 pandemic in Cuba.
Authors: Remedios-Carbonell Luis Enrique , Arteaga-Guerra Dayani , Prieto-Guerra Maidelis , Santos-Medina Maikel , Rodriguez-Ramos Miguel
Published: December 2023

Background: In Cuba, there is neither a registry of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), nor are analysis of performance measures widely reported.Objective: A review of Cuban studies of patients with STEMI was carried out to describe quality of medical care.Methods: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus and SciELO, as well as archives of national journals, were all searched for articles on STEMI in Cuba, from 2000 to March 2020. They were included if they reported number or percentage of application of reperfusion therapy; administration of aspirin, enalapril-captopril (ACEI) or beta-blockers; status of patients at discharge; and patient or system delay times. Finally, 17 reports with 7823 patients were included.Results: Thrombolytic therapy was administered to 3991 patients (51%), and 695 patients (8.9%) died. Only four studies, with 880 patients, presented data about prescription of ACEI, aspirin, and beta-blockers, which were administered to 381 (45.3%), 824 (93.6%), 464 (52.7%) patients, respectively. Coronary intervention was reported in 5 studies with 3422 patients, being performed in 661 (19.3%).  Conclusions: Quality of care of patients with STEMI seems to be poorer than reported in similar scenarios. Thrombolytic administration is still low, although mortality decreases in this period. Other pharmacological treatments were insufficiently fulfilled.
Celiac disease and primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Ramírez Stieben Luis Agustín , Pustilnik Estefanía , Néstor Rodolfo Feldman , Bolzán Diamela , Bedini Iván
Published: December 2023

Objective. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and celiac disease (CD) are two distinct medical conditions that can affect bone health. While PHPT leads to excessive calcium levels and bone abnormalities, CD impairs calcium and vitamin D absorption due to small intestine damage. Case report. We present a case of a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with osteoporosis who was found to have both PHPT and CD. The patient underwent a successful minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, which resulted in decreased parathyroid hormone levels. Conclusion. This case highlights the rare coexistence of PHPT and CD and emphasizes the importance of considering secondary causes of osteoporosis in patients with low bone mass. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential links between PHPT and CD.
Viruela símica:
Authors: Pieretti Victoria Micaela , Agriello Marina , Delgado Molina Mayled Maria , Bonaura Paula , Ramallo Camila Anabel , Miraglia Eugenia , Dauria Florencia , Garritano Maria Victoria , Maradeo Maria Roxana
Published: December 2023

Introducción: el brote reciente de mpox fue considerado una emergencia de salud pública internacional.

Objetivo: describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de mpox en un hospital de la provincia de Buenos Aires.Métodos: estudio de serie de casos en pacientes ≥ 15 años en el servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos “San Martín” de La Plata entre agosto y noviembre del año 2022.

Resultados: se incluyeron 10 pacientes. La edad media de presentación fue 35 años. Siete de los pacientes eran hombres y las tres restantes fueron mujeres. La mayoría de ellos presentó relación sexual de riesgo como antecedente epidemiológico. En el 70% de los pacientes se observaron pseudopústulas y todos tuvieron lesiones a nivel genital, glútea o perianal. Las complicaciones observadas fueron: edema local, proctitis, conjuntivis y faringitis.

Conclusión: presentamos 3 pacientes de sexo femenino del total de 24 mujeres reportadas en el país, que representan sólo el 2% de las infecciones por mpox en Argentina. En la mayoría de los casos observamos pseudopústulas, lesión elemental descripta recientemente para esta entidad. Un paciente presentó compromiso ocular, complicación informada en un 1% de los casos en el brote actual.
Linfoma no hodgkin de células B grandes de la vía biliar simulando un tumor de Klatskin
Authors: Cascio Baccanelli Clara María , Sian Andrea Melissa , Uad Pedro Vicente , Goransky Patiño Jeremias
Published: December 2023

La obstrucción de la vía biliar secundaria a un linfoma no hodgkin es extremadamente raro. Es por esto que presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 63 años que consulta por ictericia, coluria, acolia y astenia. Un laboratorio presentando un patrón colestásico y una ecografía con la vía biliar intra y extrahepática dilatadas llevaron a realizar una colangioresonancia de abdomen que evidenció una formación expansiva de limites mal definidos que comprometía el conducto hepático común asociado a estenosis del mismo. La sospecha inicial fue un tumor de klatskin y se llevó a cabo la toma de biopsia, cuyo resultado anatomopatológico informó infiltración de linfoma de células B de células grandes doble expresor como tumor primario de la vía biliar. Realizó tratamiento quimioterápico con esquema R CHOP (rituximab, ciclofosfamida, doxorrubicina, vincristina, prednisona) y entró en remisión. Por continuos episodios de colangitis se optó por realizar una hepático yeyuno anastomosis en Y de Roux con reconstrucción de la vía biliar. Actualmente continúa en remisión a 7 años del diagnóstico.
El caso resalta la rareza del linfoma no hodgkin de células B grandes en la vía biliar, y destaca la importancia de la biopsia para un tratamiento eficaz que combina la quimioterapia para la enfermedad de base y la cirugía para las complicaciones obstructivas.
La biopsia y el posterior análisis anatomopatológico es esencial para llegar al diagnóstico definitivo y poder establecer un tratamiento. La quimioterapia es el tratamiento adecuado siendo el R-CHOP el más utilizado en linfomas no hodgkin de células B grandes. La resección quirúrgica del tumor se reserva para complicaciones de la obstrucción biliar.
Si bien es poco frecuente encontrar estos pacientes en la guardia es crucial tener en cuenta una causa neoplásica para poder arribar rápidamente a un diagnóstico definitivo y así poder establecer un tratamiento oportuno.
En este artículo comentamos sobre el proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico de una paciente de 63 años que se estudia con una imagen de resonancia magnética nuclear ante sospecha de tumor de klatskin que resulta en un Linfoma no Hodgkin de células B grandes.
Molecular genetic criteria for oral mucosal epithelial malignization
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Ivina A.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Tigay Yu.O. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Rabinovich O.F. ,   Central Research Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Goryachev V.A. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Familia Frias D.R. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Babichenko I.I. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow,   Central Research Institute of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow
Published: December 2023

Introduction. When examining the oral mucosa (OM) in the presence of an inflammatory process, the initial signs of malignancy are not always visible. Amid an inflammatory infiltrate, benign changes such as epithelial hyperplasia (EH), epithelial dysplasia (ED) of varying severity, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can be hidden. The aim of the paper was to study the proliferative activity of epithelial cells of the OM, TERT expression, and amplification of telomerase TERC gene in the development of epithelial hyperplasia, dysplasia, and SCC. Materials and methods. We divided 60 patients into four groups: Group 1 with EH (n=16, 26.6%); Group 2 with low-grade epithelial dysplasia (LGED) [n=16, 26.6%]; Group 3 with high-grade epithelial dysplasia (HGED) [n=13, 21.6%]; and Group 4 with SCC (n=15, 25%). IHC and histological studies were carried out using standard methods; expression to Ki-67 protein and telomerase activity were evaluated. The FISH method was used with LSP TERC and CCP3 DNA probes. Results. High-cell proliferation and telomerase activity were revealed by IHC study in all groups. Amplification of TERC RNA site in chromosome 3 by FISH in Group 1 was almost absent and showed a 2:2 signal ratio in 1.3% of cases; in other groups, the amplification of TERC gene was positive: in groups 2, 3, and 4 it was in 83.9%, 97.3%, and 89.8% of cases, respectively. Conclusion. Amplification of TERC site signals in chromosome 3 is detected during malignization which may be the main criterion for early diagnosis of malignization of OM epithelium. Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, epithelial dysplasia, TERC amplification, telomerase
Assessing mouse fertility by morphological analysis of testicles following acute γ-irradiation at various doses
Authors:   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Maminа V.P.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Radiation therapy for malignant neoplasms can have detrimental effects on male reproductive health. Little is known about the role of morphological changes in the testes when assessing the fertility after exposure to lethal and sublethal doses. The research aimed to investigate the impact of acute γ-irradiation at various doses on testicular morphology, spermatozoa, and fertility potential in mice through a comparative morphological analysis. Materials and methods. We subjected BALB/c mice to acute γ-irradiation at doses of 1 and 6 Gy using the IGUR device (Cs137, dose rate of 0.85 Gy/min). We studied the structural state of the testes and spermatozoa. Morphological examination was performed using optical microscopy of histological slides with digital microphotography (n=180). Fertility potential was assessed by mating irradiated males (n=200) with intact mature females (n=400). Results. During the course of the experiment, which lasted from 16 to 120 days, we observed significant morphological changes in the testes and spermatozoa of the experimental groups. On day 62, the number of seminiferous tubules exhibiting destruction at 1- and 6-Gy doses was the highest. This destruction was characterized by a 2- to 4-fold increase in the desquamation of germ cells, a 3- to 6-fold increase in the desquamation of the spermatogenic epithelium, and a 2- to 10-fold increase in the desolation of the seminiferous tubules, respectively. The maximum decrease in the number of spermatozoa was to 68 and 44% at doses of 1 and 6 Gy, respectively. The number of live spermatozoa decreased to 62% and 25%; sperm motility dropped by 21% and 100%. We detected an increase in the number of pathological forms of spermatozoa by 40% and 3 times at doses of 1 and 6 Gy, respectively. An increase in the total embryonic and induced post-implantation mortality in females fertilized by irradiated males was noted at all stages of spermatogenesis (p<0.05). At a 6-Gy dose, we detected a temporary sterility at the stages of spermatids and spermatocytes. Conclusion. The degree and depth of morphological changes in the testes and spermatozoa are dose-dependent, the most pronounced changes being at a 6-Gy dose causing temporary sterility. A compensatory-restorative reaction from spermatogenesis was revealed. Keywords: γ-irradiation, spermatogenesis, spermatozoon, fertility
Cholesterol metabolism in rheumatic diseases
Authors:   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Bogatyreva A.I. , Markina Yu.V. ,   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Tolstik T.V. ,   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Kirichenko T.V. ,   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Markin A.M. ,   Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow
Published: December 2023

Dyslipidemia is a conventional risk factor for atherosclerosis and is observed in most rheumatic diseases, which leads to a high cardiovascular risk in patients with autoimmune pathology. The review considers the main aspects of cholesterol metabolism associated with dysfunction of monocytes and macrophages in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of cholesterol metabolism in chronic inflammatory diseases is of great fundamental and clinical importance, since it allows the development of new diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic approaches to reduce cardiovascular risks in these patients. Moreover, it can be used for creating alternative strategies to modify the functions of the immune system. Keywords: cholesterol metabolism, dyslipidemia, macrophages, inflammation, autoimmune diseases
Solitary plasmacytoma of the maxilla: a case report
Authors:   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Musatov I.D. , Zanozin A.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Tertychnyy A.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Teterina E.D. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Avraamova S.T. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Alexandrov N.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow, Paukov V.S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Moscow
Published: December 2023

We describe a rare case of solitary plasmacytoma (PLC) of the upper jaw and approaches to its differential immunohistochemical diagnosis. This tumor may demonstrate a different histological picture and its diagnosis requires immunohistochemical study with markers CD138, CD38, MUM1, CD79a, CD19, and CD20, which allows differentiating PLC from other lymphoid tumors. Keywords: plasmacytoma, immunohistochemistry, hematology
Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Yaşam Sonu Bakıma Yönelik Algıladıkları Engellerin ve Destekleyici Davranışların Belirlenmesi
Authors: Ağgün Yavuz Güler , Sarmasoğlu Kılıkçıer Şenay
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin yaşam sonu bakım sunarken algıladıkları en önemli engellerin ve destekleyici davranışların belirlenmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma kesitsel tanımlayıcı türde olup, evrenini Ankara Şehir Hastanesi’nde yoğun bakım ünitesinde çalışan 278 hemşire oluşturmuştur.
Bulgular: Yoğun bakım ünitesi hemşirelerinin yaşam sonu bakım sunmaya yönelik algıladıkları en önemli ilk üç engel: “Hastanın kötü prognozunun aile bireylerince kabullenilmemesi”, “Hastanın ölüm anında aile üyelerinin onunla olmaması” ve “Aile bireylerince yaşam kurtarıcı tedbirler ile etkilerinin anlamının bilinmemesi” iken; algıladıkları en önemli ilk üç destekleyici davranış: “Hastanın ölümünden sonra aile üyeleriyle hekimlerin görüşmesi”, “Aile üyeleri tarafından imzalatılacak olan tüm evrakların sağlık çalışanı tarafınca üniteden ayrılmadan hazırlanması” ve “Hastanın ölümünden etkilenen hemşirenin bir süreliğine ayrılması durumunda diğer hastalar için hemşirelerin sorumluluklarını yerine getirmesi” olarak belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Yoğun bakım ünitesi hemşireleri tarafından yaşam sonu bakım sunmaya yönelik algılanan en önemli engeller hastaların aileleri ile ilgili olup, algılanan en önemli destekleyici davranışlar ise sağlık çalışanları ile ilgilidir. Ailelere hastalarının kötü prognozunu kabul etmelerini kolaylaştırıcı (psikolojik destek vb.) olanakların sunulması ve hekimlerin yaptıkları bilgilendirmeyi sağlayan koşulların anlaşılmasına ve devamlılığının sağlanmasına yönelik araştırmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Aile Desteği Çocukların Sağlıklı Yeme Öz Yeterliliğini Etkiler mi?
Authors: Kasımoğlu Necla , Gürarslan Baş Nazan
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırma aile desteğinin çocukların sağlıklı yeme-öz-yeterlilik davranışları üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, Mayıs 2021/2022 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin doğusunda bir ilin merkezinde 4. sınıfında öğrenim görmekte olan 202 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler ‘Kişisel Bilgi Formu’, ‘Sağlıklı Yeme İle İlgili Aile Desteği Ölçeği’ ve ‘Sağlıklı Yeme Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği’ kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler bilgisayar destekli programda sayı, yüzdelik, ortalama, standart sapma, t-testi, Kruskal Wallis ve korelasyon ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 10.05±.51’dir. Öğrencilerin anne yaşı, baba yaşı ve anne çalışma durumu ile Sağlıklı Yeme Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği puan ortalamaları arasında; babanın öğrenim düzeyi ile de, Sağlıklı Yeme ile İlgili Aile Desteği Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sağlıklı yeme öz-yeterlilik düzeyi ile ailenin sağlıklı yeme alışkanlığını destekleme puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0.001).
Sonuç: Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, okul dönemi çocuklarının yeme öz yeterliği düşüktür ve aileler sağlıklı yeme davranışlarıyla ilgili destekleri yüksektir. Bu doğrultuda, çocukların sağlıklı yeme öz yeterliği ve ailenin sağlıklı yeme davranışıyla ilgili desteğini yükseltmek için çocuk ve ailesiyle çalışan pediatri hemşirelerinin eğitim ve danışmanlık rollerine gereksinim duyulmaktadır.
Zero order and first Derivative Spectrophotometric Determination of pb(II) by Complex with N,N'-cyclohexane-l,2-diylidene-bis (4-methaxybenzoythydrazide) (CHMBH)
Authors: Ruba Fahmi Abbas  , Ali Amer Waheb  , Ala'a Abdullwahid Jasim  , Dhifaf A. Abdul abass  , Marwa A. Abed  , Asma A. Maryoosh
Published: December 2023

In this work, two novel, accurate and reliable spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of pb(II) ion by complexion with the ligand N,N'-cyclohexane-l,2-diylidene-bis(4-methaxybenzoythydrazide (CHMBH). In this study, pb(II) ion was determined by the application of Zero order and first Derivative Spectrophotometric by measuring the amplitude at 258 nm, The linearity ranges for both methods were found to be 20–55 mg/l, Limit of Detection and Quantitation were found to be 0.33 mg/l and 1 mg/l for zero order and 1.438 mg/l and 4.360 mg/l for first derivative method respectively. Both methods have good accuracy found to be 99.594% and 100.497% respectively.
Simulation of Stopping Power of(0.01-0.1)MeV electron and positron for some Isotones and Isobars Nuclei
Authors: Saleh N. Mohan  , Hadi Dawich Al–Attabi  , Eidan A. Abdullah Al-Zubaidy
Published: December 2023

A theoretical studying was made to calculate the stopping power for (electron and positron) particles falling on some heavy, middle and light (isobars, isotones) nuclei. Calculated of the stopping power was made for (isobars, isotones) depending on the interaction (electron and positron) with a material by using Matlab language program depending on inductive mathematical theoretical methods, computational and design code to calculate the stopping power from (0.01- 0.1) MeV. A good agreement between experimental results and calculated stopping power computed by the program(work).
Study the hardness, Young's modulus and impact strength of Ep/ Fe2O3 and Ep/ AL2O3 nanocomposites
Authors: Hanan Obaid Kathem  , Mohammed Jebur Resen  , Najwa J.  Jubier
Published: December 2023

In this research, the hand lay-up method was used for the preparation of a Nano composite material consisting of epoxy resin as a matrix material, Nano iron oxide powder (Fe2O3) and Nano aluminum oxide powder (Al2O3) as a reinforcement materials with a different weight ratio of (0, 6, 10, 15) %, the effect of addition of Nanoparticles on mechanical properties was studied for both types. Some mechanical test was performed on the prepared samples (Tensile test, Hardness, and Impact strength), Results showed that the value of the hardness and elastic modulus (E) increases with increasing the Nano added ratio while Impact Strength is reduced as a result of the effect of Nanomaterial properties on the matrix material.
Efficiency Of Water and Ethanol Alcohol Extract Of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaves On Mortality Mosquito Larvae of Aedes caspius pallas in AL-Kut city/ Iraq
Authors: Zainab Mohammed Abbas
Published: December 2023

The study evaluated the effectiveness of the water and alcohol extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt leaves in killing of the 3rd-4th instar larvae of Aedes caspius pallas collected from Wheat and Barley fields in AL- Kut city, Wasit province / Iraq. During the period of five months ( November 2013- May 2014). The results from statistical analysis showed significant difference between alcoholic extract and the water extract and the concentrations of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves (0.05) recorded high mortality rate in concentration 10000ppm with 100 % to alcoholic extract and mortality rate to water extract with 90 %. As well as the alcoholic LC50 and LC90 that were given to same species, were calculated and the results were (8, 2700 ppm) respectively. Whilst the water extract at the same lethal concentrations findings were (2500, 9900 ppm) respectively.
A New SEPARATION AXIOM ii-T_(1/4)
Authors: Zainab Awad Kadhum  , Ali Khalaf Hussain Al-Hachami
Published: December 2023

This research aims to continue the investigation of ii-T_(1/4) spaces, specifically their behavior when producing products. As a result, we may easily design non-ii-T_(1/4)spaces as well as ii-T_(1/4) spaces that aren'tii-T_(1/2). Furthermore, use new axioms of separation, which are, ii-T_(1/4) by using ii- open sets. We begin in section two with some definitions and theories that can be used in arriving at the new axioms of separation. Also, as an explanation of the ii-open set and some of its characteristics. We define some closed sets that explain the relationship between the new axioms of separation, including the iiλ- closed set. We also give some examples to illustrate the new axioms of separation. Furthermore, we prove its relationship to the axioms of separation.T_(1/4). We also learn about the important characteristics of these axioms. We know the new separation axioms are called ii-T_(1/4)^c spaces and clarify the relationship between them and ii-T_(1/4)space andii-T_(1/2) space. We can illustrate the relationship between the separation axioms of type ii-through a diagram and then explain and list the theorems that show the domain of products. ii-T_(1/4).
Chilling Diplomacy: Exploring the Geopolitical Implications of Possible Global Cooling
Authors: Yu Chen
Published: December 2023

"Chilling Diplomacy: Exploring the Geopolitical Implications of Possible Global Cooling" is a comprehensive examination of the potential effects of a significant climatic shift towards global cooling on international relations and geopolitical stability. The article delves into the theoretical and practical aspects of resource scarcity and conflict, analyzing how a decrease in global temperatures could lead to increased competition for natural resources such as freshwater, arable land, and fisheries. It explores the historical context of cooling periods and their impact on societies, while also projecting future scenarios that could arise from similar conditions. The economic implications are considered, with a focus on agriculture, trade, and the need for adaptation in colder climates. The article also addresses the expected patterns of human migration and the subsequent effects on border security and international law. The security dimension is examined through the lens of global cooling as a "threat multiplier," assessing its potential to alter military strategies and readiness. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for international governance and cooperation are discussed, alongside an analysis of past responses to climate crises. The conclusion highlights the importance for informed, cooperative, and strategic international responses to the challenges posed by possible global cooling.
Audit Delay: Complexity of Company Operations as Moderation Variable
Authors: Johansyah Karlina , Amalia Firda Ayu , Saputri Novitasari Agus , Wicaksono Agung Prasetyo Nugroho
Published: December 2023

Financial statements are the most critical information for the company. Therefore, the submission of financial statements must be timely so that the information provided remains reliable and appropriate. Data on the Indonesia Stock Exchange shows that many companies still submit their financial statements yearly late. This study aims to empirically determine the effect of financial distress, company size, and audit opinion on audit delay, as well as the complexity of company operations as moderating the effect of financial distress, company size, and audit opinion on audit delay. The research method used is the quantitative method. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018-2022. Samples were taken by 285 companies using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection techniques are using literature study and documentation. The data analysis technique used is a panel data regression model using STATA 14.2 as a data analysis tool. The results of the analysis stated that financial distress and auditor opinion did not affect audit delay, while company size had an impact on audit delay. The complexity of the company's operations can moderate the relationship between audit opinion and audit delay. In contrast, the complexity of the company's operations cannot moderate the relationship between financial distress and company size to money delay.
High levels of endotoxins in commercial cannabis flower
Authors: McKernan Kevin , Houde Nathan , Silva Juliana , Brown Matthew , Helbert Yvonne
Published: December 2023

AbstractWe report the presence of high levels of endotoxin in high and low colony forming unit (CFU/g) cannabis flower samples. In some jurisdictions, cannabis samples over 100,000 CFU/g of total aerobic count (TAC), are prioritized for decontamination or remediation using ozone, E-beam, X-ray or gamma ray exposure. While these methods are well known for reducing viable colony forming units, they are less effective at removing the bacterial DNA or endotoxin. Less is known about the residual bioactive endotoxin levels that might exist on such decontaminated products. To estimate this, we evaluated endotoxin levels of high CFU/g hemp samples in Massachusetts that are not subject to microbial testing and compared those to store-bought cannabis flower that must test below 100,000 CFU/g limits in TAC testing. We find significant levels (over 2,000-400,000 EU/g) of endotoxin on all samples tested, non-correlative to CFU/g microbial testing measurements. Endotoxins on inhaled products can trigger asthmatic reactions. Considering a recent asthmatic fatality in a Massachusetts pre-roll facility, further scrutiny of decontamination and remediation procedures and their resulting endotoxin levels is required.
The Role of Actors in Blockchain Adoption Decisions – An Innovation Translation Perspective
Authors: Chhina Shipra , Chadhar Mehmood , Firmin Sally , Tatnall Arthur
Published: December 2023

An overview of challenges around blockchain adoption has revealed that there is little understanding of the process of blockchain adoption decisions, including who needs to be involved and consulted at various stages. When systems are designed to intentionally protect privacy or to obscure actors, such as blockchain platforms, it can be challenging to identify them and to understand their roles. To do this we used an Innovation Translation approach from Actor-Network Theory (Latour, 2007) which looks at the roles of both human and non-human actors. To understand the interactions among the actors involved, multiple rounds of interviews were conducted with Blockchain experts, utilising the qualitative Delphi method. The findings of this study propose a framework that provides insight into the decision-process by exploring the actors involved and their roles as they implement strategies to adopt blockchain and to convince other actors. The outcomes will assist blockchain practitioners and researchers to have an understanding of pre-adoption decisions and stakeholder involvement. Organisations considering implementing blockchain will benefit from this research as they will know where to start, who to engage, and which stakeholders are needed during the decision-making process.
Approaches and Models for Teaching Digital Ethics in Information Systems Courses – A Review of the Literature
Authors: Paltiel Minna , Cheong Marc , Coghlan Simon , Lederman Reeva
Published: December 2023

The value and importance of teaching Digital Ethics within Information Systems and ICT courses is widely recognized and stand-alone or integrated digital ethics units are broadly implemented across degree courses. However, how such courses should be taught and what content they should include is a little explored topic. Using a narrative literature review methodology, this paper reviews the pedagogical theories underpinning digital ethics courses discussed in the literature and outlines approaches that deploy standalone ethics units, integrated ethics teaching, and hybrid teaching approaches and the use of interdisciplinary models. The paper identifies the employment of, and emphasis given to various moral theories in digital ethics education. The paper then discusses how our findings relating to different pedagogical approaches, degree of integration of ethics teaching, the use of interdisciplinary models and use of moral theories—are related to each other. The discussion explores trends in approaches and models for teaching digital ethics highlighted in the review, and makes recommendations for further exploration and inquiry. It concludes that the effective teaching of digital ethics will likely involve a considered combination of approaches, models and techniques, which may also be tailored to the needs of different roles and industries.
The Effects of Eccentric Training and Static Stretching Exercise of Hamstring on Pain intensity, Oswestry disability Questionnaire, Flexibility and Range of motion in Patients with Low back pain
Authors:   The Korean Society of Medicine & Therapy Science, Kim Seong-Ho
Published: December 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of eccentric training (ET) of hamstring and static stretching (ST) exercise on the pain intensity (VAS), Oswestry disability Questionnaire (ODQ), flexibility, and range of motion (ROM) in lumbar region of patients with low back pain (LBP).
Method: ET (n=9) and ST (n=9) groups were received intervention 3 times per week for 3 weeks. A VAS, ODQ, flexibility of hamstring, ROM in lumbar region were measured before and after interventions for each group. A paired t test was used to compare variables before and after intervention between groups, and the independent t test was used to compare variables before and after intervention between groups, and the significance level was p<.05.
Results: Both the hamstring eccentric training group and static stretching group showed a statistically significant decrease in the VAS, ODQ (p<.05), and sit and reach test value in the static stretching group was statistically significant increased (p<.05). There were no significant difference in VAS, ODQ, Flexibility, ROM between the two groups before and after intervention.
Conclusion: These results suggest that Eccentric training and static stretching intervention of hamstring are effective method to improve the VAS, ODQ of patients with LBP.
Effect of non-invasive treatments such as manual therapy, cryo therapy, and extracorporeal shock wave application on pain and joint function during the initial recovery process after spine and major joint surgery: Case report
Authors:   The Korean Society of Medicine & Therapy Science, Kim Chung Kue , You Young Youl , Nam Jun Woo , Kim Hye Min , Lee Sang Ho , Park So Hyeon , Kim Ji Hee , Kwak Yu Kyeong , Kim Su Hyeon , Lee Sang Hee
Published: December 2023

Objective: Among various approaches to tissue healing after surgery, the degree of impact on pain reduction and changes in joint function was confirmed through the application of manual therapy, cryotherapy, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy to increase the level of physical activity performed in the early healing stage.
Method: A person who received manual therapy, cooling therapy, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy after surgery on major spinal joints, and received intervention from immediately after surgery until discharge. Manual therapy, Cryo treatment, Extracorporeal shock wave therapy.
Results: Through a case report, results were obtained that showed effectiveness in improving the range of motion of peripheral joints and reducing pain after surgery.
Conclusion: It is believed that manual therapy, cryotherapy, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy, which are part of non-invasive treatment during the recovery process after spine and major joint surgery, will stabilize the initial healing stage and make physical activity levels more smooth in the future.
Effect of Driving Simulator Training on Patients' Driving Performance and Self-Efficacy with Paraplegia due to Spinal Cord Injury
Authors:   The Korean Society of Medicine & Therapy Science, Won Jae-Kyung , Lee Sang-Heon
Published: December 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of driving simulator training on the driving performance and self-efficacy of paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury.
Method: Driving simulator training was provided to 12 participants with within subjects design, three sessions of basic driving, seven sessions of driving on the driving simulator. After training, performance time and operational performance scores, self-efficacy were analyzed.
Results: This study found that the intervention by the driving simulator had statistically significant effects on driving time, performance error, ‘Sudden start’, ‘No neutral gear when stopping’, and ‘Speed violation’ and ‘Social self-efficacy’ of paraplegic spinal cord injury patients (p<.05).
Conclusion: Driving simulator training can be a strategy to improve driving performance and social self-efficacy of paraplegic patients with spinal cord injury. Also, patients need sufficient sessions more than 10 times of driving simulator training.
Effects of hip mobility exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on pain, disability index, and trunk strength in chronic low back pain patients
Authors:   The Korean Society of Medicine & Therapy Science, Kwon Sung-Ho , Kim Dong-Gye
Published: December 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hip mobility exercise(HME) and lumbar stabilization exercise (LSE) on pain, disability index, and trunk strength(TS) in chronic low back pain patients (CLBP).
Method: Thirty patients with CLBP were randomized into two groups of 15 members each. One group performed LSE and the other group performed HME, each for 30 minutes three times a week for four weeks. Pain was measured with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), disability with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Trunk Strength (TS) with Back-check 608, before the experiment and at four weeks.
Results: There were significant differences between groups before and 4 weeks after intervention in VAS, ODI, and TS (p<0.05). In the comparison between the two groups, only the VAS decreased more in the HME group than in the LSE group, and there was no difference in other variables (p<0.05).
Conclusion: These results suggest that both HME and LSE help CLBP with pain, disability index, and trunk strength.