bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODEL OF RAMIFICATION IN ELECTRODEPOSITED FRACTALS
Authors: BRAMBILLA GABRIELE , HIBBERT D. BRYNN
Published: November 2010

The macroscopic branching and shape of a metal, electrodeposited in quasi-two dimensions, can be represented by a Lindenmayer System of multiple iterated function systems. The motif of a central branch that continues and two side branches is shown to allow modeling of the observed shapes. The dilation (or contraction) in length, and the angle of a branch with respect to the central stem are the only parameters needed to create realistic simulations of such ramified deposits. Values for these quantities together with standard deviations measured from a number of electrodeposited copper fractals have been used to generate simulations. Measurement of the parameters of the motif, the average linear dilation factor from one generation to the next, and the angles between branches, show a 5% relative standard deviation of these factors across one growth. The values of these parameters can also indicate the transition from an open fractal form to the more directed dendritic form. The results are compared with other approaches to describing these systems.
EEG PATTERN OF NORMAL AND EPILEPTIC RATS: MONOFRACTAL OR MULTIFRACTAL?
Authors: DUTTA SRIMONTI
Published: November 2010

The EEG patterns for normal and epileptic rats were studied in the framework of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MFDFA). The patterns were found to be multifractal for normal rats. For epileptic rats the pattern was found to be monofractal in some cases and multifractal in others. The degree of multifractality was found to be higher in normal sample compared to the epileptic sample.
PSEUDOSTATIC DESIGN FACTORS FOR STABILITY OF WATERFRONT-RETAINING WALL DURING EARTHQUAKE
Authors: CHOUDHURY DEEPANKAR , AHMAD SYED MOHD
Published: November 2010

The paper presents a methodology for seismic design of rigid watferfront-retaining wall and proposes simple design factors for the sliding stability under seismic condition. Conventional pseudostatic approach has been used for the calculation of the seismic forces, while for the calculation of the hydrodynamic pressure, Westergaard's approach has been used. In addition, the hydrodynamic force has been considered from both the upstream and downstream sides of the waterfront-retaining wall under free water condition of the backfill. Simplified expression for the calculation of the equivalent weight of the wall which would be needed to maintain sliding stability is presented. It has been observed that the presence of water both on the upstream and downstream sides of the wall has serious destabilizing effect on the stability of the wall. It is noticed that as the height of the water inside the backfill increased from 0.00 to a height equal to the height of the wall itself, i.e., the backfill is fully submerged, the weight of the wall needed for the later case is around 3 times more than what would be needed for the former case. Similar observations were also made by varying other parameters like the horizontal and vertical seismic acceleration coefficients, height of the water on the upstream side of the wall, and soil and wall friction angles. The pore pressure ratio and the inclination of the ground, however, did not have significant effect on the results. Due to nonavailability of the results of similar kind in literature, an exact comparison for the present results could not be made. Only partial comparison of the present results is made with an already existing methodology for the dry backfill case only, in which no presence of water has been considered on the other side of the wall. This comparison shows a good agreement with the present results. The proposed pseudostatic design factors for the case of wet backfill with the presence of water on both sides of the wall are claimed to be unique.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN GUIDELINE FOR TSUNAMI EVACUATION SHELTER
Authors: PIMANMAS A. , JOYKLAD P. , WARNITCHAI P.
Published: November 2010

The tsunami that hit the Andaman beach of Thailand on 26 December 2004 demonstrated the need for safe evacuation shelter for the public. However, there exists no guideline for designing such a shelter. In response to this need, the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning (DPT) funded a project to develop the guidelines for designing tsunami shelters. The results of the project have been published as a design manual for tsunami resistant shelter. In this paper, the design approaches for such tsunami shelters are described. The shelters are classified into two categories: (1) shelter in the area where large debris is unlikely and (2) shelter in the area where large debris is likely. In the former case, a static load of a certain magnitude representing small-to-medium debris is assumed to act at random points on the structure at the inundation depth. In the latter case, the work-energy principle is adopted to balance kinetic energy of large moving mass with the work done through energy-absorbing devices installed around the perimeter of the lower floors of the building. In both cases, the structure consists of a main inner structure and an outer protection structure. The function of the main structure is to provide usable spaces for evacuees, whereas the outer protection structure protects the inner structure from debris impact. The main structure is designed to be either elastic or with a low acceptable damage level. The structural framing of the main and the protection structures can be concrete or steel structures that are capable of resisting lateral forces. The major difference between the two types of building lie in the way the outer structure is connected to the inner one. In the first category, the connector is rigid so that both the inner and outer structures resist the load together. In the second category, energy-absorbing connectors are used to absorb the impact energy. The structure must, therefore, be analyzed using a nonlinear static approach. The design guidelines for both building types are described conceptually in this paper.
PROBABILISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD MAPS OF THAILAND
Authors: PALASRI CHITTI , RUANGRASSAMEE ANAT
Published: November 2010

In this study, the probabilistic seismic hazard map of Thailand and neighboring areas is developed. Thailand is located close to the Andaman thrust in the west and the Sunda arc in the south which are the boundaries between the Eurasian plate and Indo-Australian plate. Several active faults in this region have caused earthquakes which affects Thailand. Earthquakes recorded from 1912 to 2006 by the Thai Meteorological Department and the US Geological Survey are used in the analysis. Two attenuation models for active tectonic regions which give good correlations with actual measured accelerations are used in predicting peak horizontal accelerations in Thailand. Maps of peak horizontal accelerations at rock sites with 2% and 10% probabilities of exceedance in 50 years are developed. For the peak horizontal acceleration with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years, the maximum accelerations are about 0.25 g in the northern part of Thailand and 0.02 g in Bangkok. For the peak horizontal acceleration with 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years, the maximum accelerations are about 0.4 g in the northern part of Thailand and 0.04 g in Bangkok.
Size Dependence of the Nonlinear Elastic Softening of Nanoscale Graphene Monolayers under Plane-Strain Bulge Tests: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Jun Sukky , Tashi Tenzin , Park Harold S.
Published: November 2010

The pressure bulge test is an experimental technique to characterize the mechanical properties of microscale thin films. Here, we perform constant-temperature molecular dynamics simulations of the plane-strain cylindrical bulge test of nanosized monolayer graphene subjected to high gas pressure induced by hydrogen molecules. We observe a nonlinear elastic softening of the graphene with an increase in hydrogen pressure due to the stretching and weakening of the carbon-carbon bonds; we further observe that this softening behavior depends upon the size of the graphene monolayers. Our simulation results suggest that the traditional microscale bulge formulas, which assume constant elastic moduli, should be modified to incorporate the size dependence and elastic softening that occur in nanosized graphene bulge tests.
Roles and Targets of Class I and IIa Histone Deacetylases in Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Kee Hae Jin , Kook Hyun
Published: November 2010

Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in association with heart diseases and ultimately results in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are post‐translational modifying enzymes that can deacetylate histones and non‐histone proteins. Research with HDAC inhibitors has provided evidence that the class I HDACs are pro‐hypertrophic. Among the class I HDACs, HDAC2 is activated by hypertrophic stresses in association with the induction of heat shock protein 70. Activated HDAC2 triggers hypertrophy by inhibiting the signal cascades of either Krüppel like factor 4 (KLF4) or inositol polyphosphate‐5‐phosphatase f (Inpp5f). Thus, modulators of HDAC2 enzymes, such as selective HDAC inhibitors, are considered to be an important target for heart diseases, especially for preventing cardiac hypertrophy. In contrast, class IIa HDACs have been shown to repress cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting cardiac‐specific transcription factors such as myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), GATA4, and NFAT in the heart. Studies of class IIa HDACs have shown that the underlying mechanism is regulated by nucleo‐cytoplasm shuttling in response to a variety of stress signals. In this review, we focus on the class I and IIa HDACs that play critical roles in mediating cardiac hypertrophy and discuss the non‐histone targets of HDACs in heart disease.
The Association between the IL-20 –1723C→G Allele on the 1q Chromosome and Psoriasis Triggered or Exacerbated by an Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in the Chinese Han Population
Authors: Chen Xiao-Ying , Jin Li-Wei , Chen Ying-Wei , Tian Han , Yuan Wen-Tao , Niu Zhen-Min , Zhang Jing , Huang Wie , Zheng Jie
Published: November 2010

Background: Psoriasis is a cutaneous disorder of multifactorial etiology influenced by both genetic and environmental factors such as infection. Methods: We conducted a genome analysis with 20 microsatellite markers spanning the long arm of chromosome 1 in 36 Chinese families with psoriasis and detected evidence for linkage at 1q21 with a nonparametric linkage score of 1.74, p = 0.03, and 1q32 with one of 1.84, p = 0.03. According to the positional and functional candidate principle, we further investigated the single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the HAX-1 gene (located in 1q21) and IL-20 gene (located in 1q32) in a case-control study including 340 sporadic patients and 199 controls. Results: We determined that the frequency of the G allele of IL-20 –1723C→G (rs1713239) was significantly higher among psoriatic patients (38.5% in cases vs. 31.2% in controls, p = 0.015, odds ratio, OR = 1.39, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.07–1.80). When we stratified our analysis by psoriasis triggered or exacerbated by infection of the upper respiratory tract, a significant difference was detected (42.4% in stratified cases vs. 31.2% in controls, p = 0.005, OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.15–2.30). Conclusion: We assume that triggered or exacerbated by respiratory tract infection, the population with the G allele of IL-20 –1723C→G are predisposed to psoriasis.
COMP-Ang1, a Variant of Angiopoietin 1, Inhibits Serum-Deprived Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Cells via PI3K/Akt and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways
Authors: Lee Kkot-Nim , Seo Min-Chul , Bae In-Ho , Oh Sin-Hye , Jang Won Gu , Jeong Byung-Chul , Oh Won-Mann , Kim Sun-Hun , Lee Shee-Eun , Shim Kyung Mi , Park Bae-Keun , Koh Jeong-Tae
Published: November 2010

Background/Aims: Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)-angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) is a soluble and stable form of Ang1 which plays important roles in vessel formation and the survival of endothelial cells, neurons and cardiomyocytes. However, the effects of COMP-Ang1 on the survival of mesenchymal cells are unknown. Mesenchymal cells have been transplanted with some scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration, but they occasionally underwent cell death due to a lack of nutrient supply. This study examined the effects of COMP-Ang1 on the survival of mesenchymal cells under nutrient-deprived conditions. Methods: Primary and C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells were cultured under serum deprivation with or without COMP-Ang1. The effects of COMP-Ang1 on mesenchymal cell survival and its molecular mechanism were determined using a viability test, RT-PCR, Western blotting and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Results and Conclusion: COMP-Ang1 inhibited the nutrient-deprived apoptotic cell death of mesenchymal cells through the Akt, p38 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. In addition, COMP-Ang1 reversed the nutrient-deprived suppression of cyclin D1 mRNA expression. These results suggest that COMP-Ang1 has a protective role in the survival of nutrient-deprived mesenchymal cells. The use of COMP-Ang1 with some scaffolds might be useful for bone tissue engineering.
A Method to Combine Cognitive and Neurophysiological Assessments of the Elderly
Authors: Gevins Alan , Ilan Aaron B. , Jiang An , Chan Cynthia S. , Gelinas Deborah , Smith Michael E. , McEvoy Linda K. , Schwager Emilie , Padilla Mayra , Davis Zachary , Meador Kimford J. , Patterson James , O’Hara Ruth
Published: November 2010

Background: The development of better treatments for brain diseases of the elderly will necessitate more sensitive and efficient means of repeatedly assessing an individual’s neurocognitive status. Aim: To illustrate the development of an assessment combining episodic memory and working memory tasks with simultaneous electroencephalography and evoked potential (EP) brain function measures. Methods: Data from matched groups of elderly subjects with mildly impaired episodic verbal memory on neuropsychological tests and those with no objective signs of impairment were used for scale development. An exploratory multivariate divergence analysis selected task performance and neurophysiological variables that best recognized impairment. Discriminant validity was then initially assessed on separate impaired and unimpaired groups. Results: Decreased response accuracy and parietal late positive component EP amplitude in the episodic memory task best characterized impaired subjects. Sensitivity in recognizing impairment in the validation analysis was 89% with 79% specificity (area under the curve = 0.94). Retest reliability was 0.89 for the unimpaired and 0.74 for the impaired validation groups. Conclusion: These promising initial results suggest that with further refinement and testing, an assessment combining cognitive task performance with simultaneous neurofunctional measures could eventually provide an important benefit for clinicians and researchers.
A Review of Edward Flatau’s 1894 Atlas of the Human Brain by the Neurologist Sigmund Freud
Authors: Triarhou Lazaros C.
Published: November 2010

In 1894, the Polish neurologist Edward Flatau (1868–1932), working in Berlin, published an exquisite photographic atlas of the unfixed human brain, preceding by 2 years Das Menschenhirn, the reference work of Gustaf Retzius (1842–1919) in Stockholm. In his early career as a neuroanatomist and neurologist, Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) wrote a review of Flatau’s atlas for the Internationale klinische Rundschau, which has not been included in the ‘Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works’. The aim of the present paper is twofold: to document Freud’s review, and to revive the largely forgotten atlas of Flatau. The full text of Freud is presented in translation. Further, one element Flatau, Retzius and Freud had in common is discussed: their early role as protagonists and firm supporters of Ramón y Cajal’s neuron theory, the cornerstone of modern neuroscience.
Dabigatran and Warfarin in Vitamin K Antagonist–Naive and –Experienced Cohorts With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ezekowitz Michael D. , Wallentin Lars , Connolly Stuart J. , Parekh Amit , Chernick Michael R. , Pogue Janice , Aikens Timothy H. , Yang Sean , Reilly Paul A. , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Yusuf Salim ,   the RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators
Published: November 2010

Background—

The comparison of anticoagulants dabigatran and warfarin might be most equitable in vitamin K antagonist (VKA)–naive patients.

Methods and Results—

Warfarin and 2 doses of dabigatran—110 mg BID (D110) and 150 mg BID (D150)—were compared in a balanced population of VKA-naive (≤62 days of lifetime VKA exposure, with 33% never prescribed a VKA) and VKA-experienced patients with atrial fibrillation (n=18 113). For VKA-naive and -experienced patients assigned warfarin, the time in therapeutic range (international normalized ratio 2.0 to 3.0) was 62% and 67%, respectively, and 61% and 66% for those never and ever prescribed a VKA. In VKA-naive patients, stroke and systemic embolism rates were 1.57%, 1.07%, and 1.69% per year for D110, D150, and warfarin, respectively. D110 was similar to warfarin (
P
=0.65); D150 was superior (
P
=0.005). Major bleeding rates were 3.11%, 3.34%, and 3.57% per year, respectively. D110 and D150 were similar to warfarin (
P
=0.19 and
P
=0.55). Intracranial bleeding rates were 0.19%, 0.33%, and 0.73% per year, respectively. D110 and D150 were lower than warfarin (
P
<0.001 and
P
=0.005). In VKA-experienced patients, stroke and systemic embolism rates were 1.51%, 1.15%, and 1.74% per year for D110, D150, and warfarin, respectively. D110 was similar to warfarin (
P
=0.32); D150 was superior (
P
=0.007). Major bleeding rates were 2.66%, 3.30%, and 3.57% per year, respectively. D110 was lower than warfarin (
P
=0.003); D150 was similar (
P
=0.41). Intracranial bleeding rates were 0.26%, 0.32%, and 0.79% per year, respectively. D110 and D150 were lower than warfarin (
P
<0.001 for both). Results were similar for patients never on a VKA.

Conclusions—

Previous VKA exposure does not influence the benefits of dabigatran at either dose compared with warfarin.

Clinical Trial Registration—

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00262600.
The Cannabinoid
WIN55212-2
Promotes Neural Repair After Neonatal Hypoxia–Ischemia
Authors: Fernández-López David , Pradillo Jesús M. , García-Yébenes Isaac , Martínez-Orgado José A. , Moro María A. , Lizasoain Ignacio
Published: November 2010

Background and Purpose—

The endocannabinoid system has been involved in the modulation of neural stem cells proliferation, survival and differentiation as well as in the generation of new oligodendrocyte progenitors in the postnatal brain. The present work aims to test the effect of the synthetic Type 1 and Type 2 cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2 on these processes in the context of neonatal rat brain hypoxia–ischemia (HI).

Methods—

P7 Wistar rats were subjected to HI and treated either with WIN55212-2 (1 mg/kg) or vehicle twice daily for 7 days after HI and euthanized at 1, 2, 7, 14, or 28 days to explore white matter injury progression and the neurogenic response in the subventricular zone after HI.

Results—

Our findings reveal that WIN55212-2 promotes remyelination of the injured external capsule, increasing the number of NG2+ early oligodendrocyte progenitors 7 days after HI in this area and the number of APC+ mature oligodendrocytes in the injured striatum 14 and 28 days after HI. WIN55212-2 also increases cell proliferation and protein expression of the neuroblast marker doublecortin in the subventricular zone 7 days after neonatal HI as well as the number of newly generated neuroblasts (5-bromodeoxyuridine+/doublecortin+ cells) in the ipsilateral striatum 14 days after HI.

Conclusions—

Our results suggest that the activation of the endocannabinoid system promotes white and gray matter recovery after neonatal HI injury.
Abstract Stimulus-Specific Adaptation Models
Authors: Mill Robert , Coath Martin , Wennekers Thomas , Denham Susan L.
Published: November 2010

Many neurons that initially respond to a stimulus stop responding if the stimulus is presented repeatedly but recover their response if a different stimulus is presented. This phenomenon is referred to as stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA). SSA has been investigated extensively using oddball experiments, which measure the responses of a neuron to sequences of stimuli. Neurons that exhibit SSA respond less vigorously to common stimuli, and the metric typically used to quantify this difference is the SSA index (SI). This article presents the first detailed analysis of the SI metric by examining the question: How should a system (e.g., a neuron) respond to stochastic input if it is to maximize the SI of its output? Questions like this one are particularly relevant to those wishing to construct computational models of SSA. If an artificial neural network receives stimulus information at a particular rate and must respond within a fixed time, what is the highest SI one can reasonably expect? We demonstrate that the optimum, average SI is constrained by the information in the input source, the length and encoding of the memory, and the assumptions concerning how the task is decomposed.
The Missing Tombstone: Reflections On Mourning and Creativity
Authors: Ornstein Anna
Published: November 2010

There are differences as well as similarities between mourning occurring after the loss of a single individual under ordinary civilized conditions, and mourning after multiple losses under traumatic conditions. A brief review of the psychoanalytic theory of mourning articulated by Freud in 1917 and modified in the 1960s is followed by an equally brief review of the relationship between artistic creativity and mourning. Because survivors of major disasters who suffer multiple losses need time to recover before they can engage the emotionally demanding task of mourning, the mourning process in these cases is frequently delayed. “Memorial spaces” appear to facilitate delayed mourning because such spaces are responsive to a deeply felt need by survivors of major tragedies to articulate what they experience as unspeakable and unshareable. The memories and the pain associated with them are then welcome because mourning is not about forgetting; mourning is about remembering, a process that may take a lifetime.
Dental Casting Technic: Theory and Practice
Authors: Paffenbarger Geo C. , Sweeney W.T.
Published: November 2010

This paper gives the results of a number of dental casting experiments, showing effects of physical properties of the materials used in the casting process upon the finished casting. The dimensions of the castings are shown to be changed by the type of investment, casting temperature, water-powder ratio of the investment, and the treatment of the wax pattern. Castings are shown that correlate physical data and actual results. Castings made in cristobalite (75 cristobalite, 25 plaster) investment, and cast at various temperatures from 400°C. to 800°C., all gave accurate restoration.
Some Aspects of the Origin and Fate of Midpalatal Cysts in Human Fetuses
Authors: Burke George W. , Feagans William M. , Elzay Richard P. , Schwartz Laurence D.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

CERTE ASPECTOS DEL ORIGINE E DEL DESTINO DE CYSTES MESOPALATAL IN FETOs HUMAN.—Omne le specimens prenatal exhibiva evidentia de multiple formationes de cyste disveloppamental in le linea central del medietates posterior del palato dur in stato de disveloppamento. Tal cystes non esseva presente in tres de quatro fetos parturite a termino. Iste observation se trova in accordo con previe reportos indicante que le majoritate de tal cystes dispare ante le nascentia. Secundo le puncto de vista conventional illos ha lor origine in retenite perlas epithelial remanente ab le tempore del fusion del rebordos palatal e del subsequente perforation e disruption del interjacente lamina de cellulas epithelial. Evidentia histologic ab le presente studio indica que certes de iste cystes ha possibilemente lor origine in invaginationes de fetal mucosa de superficie.
Herpes Simplex Virus in Ocular, Nasal, and Oral Secretions of Patients with Herpetic Keratitis
Authors: Brightman V.J.F. , Hart D.R.L. , Readshaw G.G. , Porter G.T.J. , Tully M.J.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

VIRUS DE HERPETE SIMPLICE IN SECRETIONES OCULAR, NASAL, E ORAL DE PATIENTES CON KERATITIS HERPETIC.—Le secretiones ocular, nasal, e oral de patientes con keratitis herpetic esseva examinate pro le presentia de virus de herpete simplice a base de inoculationes del specimens ad in primari monostratos histocultural de ren de conilio. Virus esseva constatate in grattages corneal ab 79 pro cento del patientes con ulceres dendritic—con positivitate in specimens colligite solmente un die e usque ad 44 dies post le declaration del symptomas. Tamen, solmente 17 a 20 pro cento del tamponages conjunctival contineva virus, e virus esseva isolate ab secretiones nasal in solmente un occasion e ab secretiones oral in solmente duo. Le studio indica que le quantitate de virus presente in iste secretiones es micre e que iste patientes non constitue un risco plus grande de infection que illo associate con le vector "normal". Viste que iste lesiones ocular pote esser presente sin esser tractate durante longe periodos de tempore, susceptibile membros de familia—per contrasto con subjectos in contacto solmente occasional-es definitemente impericulate.
The Bilaminar Zone of the Meniscus
Authors: Parsons M.T. , Boucher L.J.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

LE ROLO DEL ZONA BILAMINAR IN LE LIMITATION DEL MOVIMENTO RETRUSIVE.—Con le objectivo de determinar si o non le zona bilaminar-per le presentia de tissu erectil-es un factor in limitar le movimento retrusive del condylo mandibular, le systema vascular de fetos human esseva perfusionate con un solution de tinta de China. Le articulationes temporomandibular esseva secate ab le cranios, acclarate, e examinate sub un microscopio dissecante. Sectiones histologic ab articulationes adulte esseva etiam examinate pro confirmar le constatationes in le specimens fetal. Le observationes, quando comparate con alteres in tissus de cognoscite erectilitate, indicava que proprietates erectil non existe in le zona bilaminar. Es a concluder que le zona bilaminar non ha un rolo active in limitar le movimento retrusive del condylo mandibular.
Pathologic Changes in the Innervation of the Dental Pulp During the Carious Process
Authors: Plačková A.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

ALTERATIONES PATHOLOGIC IN LE INNERVATION DEL PULPA DENTAL IN LE PROCESSO CAMOSE.—In dentes in le quales le structura del pulpa esseva love-, o fortemente alterate, typic alterationes in le plexo neural del pulpa esseva observate. Minor alterations pathologic del pulpal rete neural appareva in le forma de un pronunciate argyrophilia e de un augmentate brancage in le rete preterminal e terminal. In casos de inflammation del pulpa o del formation de abscessos, esseva notate un relaxation del fasces neural, a vices un abundante brancage irregular de nervos, irregular spissification o intense crudification del fibras neural, e decomposition del fasces ad in plus micre unitates, e fragmentation del fibras neural.
Calcium Fluoride in Amalgam for Caries Prevention
Authors: Innes D.B.K. , Youdelis W.V.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

FLUORURO DE CALCIUM IN AMALGAMA, PRO PREvENIR CARIE.—Esseva investigate le possibilitate de introducer fluoruro de calcium ad in amalgama con le objectivo de prevenir carie. Le thermodynamica del systema de CaF2-H 2O pare indicar que pulvere de fluoruro de calcium dispergite in amalgama de alligato a mercurio es possibilemente un acceptabile fonte de ion de fluoruro, providite que su presentia non causa effectos toxic. Le extrememente lente solution del fluoruro de calcium in le ambiente oral haberea nulle effecto adverse super le proprietates mechanic del restauration per amalgama de alligato a mercurio e promoverea le acceptation gradual de fluoruro e del iones de calcium ad in le email dental. Si le concentration de fluoruro de calcium in le alligato es tenite a 0,5 pro cento o minus, le resultante proprietates mechanic differe pauco ab illos de amalgama ordinari.
Biological Reactions to Experimental Dental Amalgams
Authors: Sperber G.H.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

REACTIONES BIOLOGIC A DENTAL AMALGAMAS EXPERIMENTAL.—Esseva testate le reactiones de tissu conjunctive de rattos a novemente disveloppate alligatos, fortificate per dispersion, de cupro e argento, tanto sol como etiam in combination con fluoruro, con le objectivo de evalutar lor innocentia in uso clinic como materiales restaurative in amalgamas dental. Varie concentrationes de fluoruro de calcium esseva addite al amalgamas de alligato e mercurio in le fabrication experimental de materiales restaurative con potentia inhibitori anti carie, e iste combinationes esseva inserite in le subcutanee tissus conjunctive de rattos durante periodos de usque a 32 dies. Le examine histologic de iste tissus revelava que le amalgamas a alligato de cupro e argento esseva non minus innocente que le currentemente usate amalgamas a alligato de argento e stanno. Le addition de 1 pro cento (per peso) de fluoruro de calcium a amalgamas a alligato de argento e stanno causava prolongate irritation in le tissus. Le addition de 0,5 pro cento o minus (per peso) de fluoruro de calcium a amalgamas a alligato de cupro e argento causava nulle inusual responsa inflammatori, e esseva considerate como salve in le uso clinic como material de restauration dental. Le minime procentage (per peso) de fluoruro de calcium capace a producer le maxime effecto inhibitori anti carie va esser determinate a base del resultatos de prolongate essayos clinic.
Structural Changes in the Incisors of Cortisone-Treated Rats
Authors: Anneroth Göran , Bloom Gunnar
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

ALTERATIONES STRUCTURAL IN LE INCISORES DE RATTOS TRACTATE CON CORTISONA.—Un total de 400 mg de cortisona administrate a rattos in le curso de un periodo de 8 dies resultava in marcate effectos in le disveloppamento del incisores a base de un comparation con un gruppo de animales de controlo. Le alterationes observate esseva primarimente un disorganisation e abassate differentiation del odontoblastos, si ben como un formation excessive, intra le pulpa, de un osseoide tissu dur que esseva ric in inclusiones cellular e vascular. Iste tissu dur monstrava certe similitudes con le osso pulpal trovate in le dentes de scorbutic porcos de India.
Normal Enamel. II. Qualitative Polarized Light Study
Authors: Gwinnett A. John
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

HISTOLOGIA DE ADAMANTE "NORMAL." II. STUDIO QUALITATIVE A LUMINE POLARISATE.-Esseva effectuate un studio de sectiones mollite de dentes permanente con le objectivo de determinar si o non Ie characteristicas histologic de adamante pote esser describite a base del distribution de poros o "spatios" in le adamante. Le technica consisteva in lassar le sectiones imbiber plure differente medios e in observar le apparentia histologic pro cata medio individual. Le histologia del adamante differeva ab un medio al altere. Isto indica que le apparition in certe sitos de, per exemplo, un region interprismatic o de striationes transverse pote esser influentiate per le medio, in dependentia de si o non illo es capace a penetrar in le adamante. Omne intrepretation del histologia adamantin debe prender in consideration le characteristicas physico-chimic del agente usate in le montage.
Anticariogenic Effect of a Sodium Monofluorophosphate Solution in Children after 21 Months of Use
Authors: Goaz Paul W. , McElwaine Lawrence P. , Biswell Helen A. , White Wayne E.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

EFFECTO ANTICARIOGENE DE UN SOLUTION DE MONOFLUOROPHOSPHATO DE NATRIUM IN JUVENILES POST CURSOS DE APPLICATION DE VINTI-UN MENSES.—Un gruppo de 263 juveniles de etates de inter 6 e 14 annos e habitante un area a aqua fluorurate esseva dividite in duo gruppos de 129 e 134 individuos. Le juveniles in gruppo I continuava lor usual methodo de brossar lor dentes supplementate per le uso, un vice per die, de un solution de 6 pro cento de fluoruro in un preparation a aroma e a coloration rosa. Le subjectos in gruppo II recipeva le mesme instructiones, sed le solution in lor caso esseva chloruro de natrium. Le conclusiones del studio es basate super 77 juveniles usante fluoruro e 75 usante chloruro. Es presentate plur indices reflectente le plus favorabile resultatos obtenite in gruppo I. In gruppo II le reversiones esseva 66 pro cento plus frequente que in gruppo I.
Normal Age Changes in the Rat Mandibular Joint
Authors: Furstman Lawrence L.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

ALTERATIONES NORMAL DE INVETULATION IN LE ARTICULATION MANDIBULAR DEL RATTO.—Esseva studiate le normal crescentia e morphologia del articulation mandibular del ratto. Le articulationes studiate includeva specimens ab 15 differente gruppos de etate ab 1 die ad 2 annos. Le alterationes causate per le processos normal del invetulation es describite pro le areas principal del articulation, i.e., le fossa del articulation, le disco articular, e le condylo mandibular. Marcate alterationes esseva observate in le osso del fossa articular e del condylo. Alterationes de character plus subtil esseva notate in le disco articular. Le consta tation le plus remarcabile esseva le constantia del spissitate del cartilagine condylar post le cinquantesime die del vita.
Fluoride Uptake by Intact Human Tooth Enamel from Acidulated Fluoride-Phosphate Preparations
Authors: Mellberg J.R.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

ACCEPTATION DE FLUORURO PER INTACTE HUMAN ADAMANTE DENTAL AB ACIDULATE PREPARATOS DE PHOSPHATO DE FLUORURO.—Le tractamento de adamante con solution o gel a fluoruro esseva continuate durante 4 o 10 minutas. Stratos esseva removite pro le analyse per dissolution in HC1O4 de 0,5 N in un vaso de diffusion Conway in que, post le diffusion, le concentration de calcium esseva determinate como base pro le computation del spissitate del strato. Le resultatos indica approximativemente un sextuple augmento del fluoruro in le stratos superficial. Le nivello de fluoruro remaneva alte usque a un profundor de 30 μ post ambe tempores de tractamento sed esseva plus alte post 10 minutas. Nulle significative differentia esseva constatate inter solution e gel.
Errors, Reversals, and Questionable Dental Caries Diagnoses Based on a Longitudinal Study in Children
Authors: Ship I.I. , Jones E.M. , Laster L.L.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

ERRORES, REVERSIONES, E QUESTIONABILE DIAGNOSES DE CARIE DENTAL A BASE DE UN STUDIO LONGITUDINAL IN JUVENILES.—Errores diagnostic, reversiones del diagnose, e diagnoses de character questionabile esseva tabulate pro 588 scholares de internatos pro indianos american a base de serial examines oral effectuate in le curso de un periodo de 4 annos. Esseva trovate nulle predicibile configurationes de occurrentia del mentionate variabiles in relation al etate, al sexo, al schola, o al gruppo de studio, excepte post standardisationes del numeros de subjectos, del numeros de dentes erupite, e del numeros de dentes decadite, absente, e replenate. Le numero de diagnoses questionabile declinava in subsequente examines e pareva esser relationate al precoce recognition e al subsequente resolution ad in carie dental. Reversiones e errores de diagnose non afficeva significativemente le resultatos de un controlate essayo clinic sed deberea esser reportate con le datos final.
Hardening of High-Fusing Gold Alloys
Authors: Leinfelder Karl F. , O'Brien William J. , Ryge Gunnar , Fairhurst Carl W.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

INDURAMENTO DE ALLIGATOS DE AURO A ELEVATE PUNCTO DE FUSION.—Esseva studiate le effecto indurante producite per le addition systematic de metallos vil (ferro, stanno, e indium) a alligatos de auro e palladium e de auro e platinum. Funditos specimen de iste alligatos esseva subjicite a duo cyclos de tractamento thermal: (1) refrigidation ab 1800 F (= 1060 C) e (2) invetulation ante le frigidation, durante 30 minutas a un serie de temperaturas inter 850 e 1600 F (=450 e 870 C). Le valores de duressa Brinell esseva registrate, e le microstructura esseva studiate post le tractamento thermal. Le addition del metallos vil al alligatos de auro e platinum (sed non de auro e palladium) resultava in un augmento significative del duressa in le condition invetulate. Evidentia de un precipitation o de un formation subgranular esseva obtenite in omne le systemas de auro e platinum in condition hyper-inventulate.
Anticariogenic Effect in the Rat of Cereals Fortified with a Soluble Phosphate
Authors: Stookey George K. , Muhler Joseph C.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

LE EFFECTO ANTICARIOGENE EXERCITE IN LE RATTO PER CEREALES FORTIFICATE CON UN PHOSPHATO SOLUBILE.—Esseva executate duo studios visante a determinar le effecto anticariogene de un solubile phosphato inorganic addite in basse concentrationes a un extense varietate de commercialmente disponibile cereales de jentaculo del typo "preste a mangiar." Le resultatos obtenite in Serie I indica que le addition de 1,0 pro cento de phosphato monosodic a quatro differente cereales vestite de sucro resultava in un grado significative de reduction del carie dental. Simile constatationes esseva obtenite in omne casos in Serie II. Iste reductiones in carie dental variava secundo le typo de cereal empleate inter 25,1 e 42,9 pro cento. In omne le gruppos, le procentages trovate esseva statisticamente significative.
Properties of a Salivary Bacteriolysin and Comparison with Serum Beta Lysin
Authors: Green Gordon E.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

PROPRIETATES DE UN BACTERIOLYSINA SALIVARI E COMPARATION DE ILLO CON LYSINA BETA IN LE SERO.-Un bacteriolysina presente in le saliva de humanos con immunitate contra carie esseva studiate relative al factores capace a modificar le responsa de cellulas bacterial e le efficacia del action lytic. Le etate in culturation e le methodos usate in le manipulation afficeva le responsa del cellulas bacterial. Le lysina remaneva efficace con varie valores de pH, in varie dilutiones del saliva, e in le presentia de varie medios, sed illo esseva afficite per le temperatura de preservation. Le comparation con lysina beta ab sero revelava differentias in le requirimentos de cofactor e in le modos e amplitudes del activitate.
Hydrodynamic Damping of Tooth Movement
Authors: Bien Saul M.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

AMORTIMENTO HYDRODYNAMIC DEL MOBILITATE DE DENTES.—Numeros de Reynold calculate ab le velocitate de intrusion del incisores maxillar del ratto esseva bassissime, lo que indica le predominantia de fortias viscose. Le constantes de resorto calculate ab le periodo de oscillation del dentes monstrava differentias significative, permittente concluder al presentia de un mechanismo amortitori actuate per fortias inertial durante le fluxo de liquido extracellular. Viste que le intrusion monstrava un systema biphasic, le interpretation es hasardate que liquido interstitial, agente como un pellicula resiliente, es le prime factor amortitori active durante le intrusion de un dente ad in su alveolo e que, quando iste pellicula es exhaurite e non replenate, un secunde mechanismo amortitori entra in action resultante ab un stenose de minor vasos sanguinee per fibras periodontal con le accompaniamento de exogene aneurysmas cirsoide que es lentemente deplete a transverso le parietes vascular.
Dental Caries and Nutrition in Lebanon
Authors: Russell A.L.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

CARIE DENTAL E NUTRITION IN LEBANON.—Examines pro carie dental esseva executate in 1770 individuos de etates de inter 5 e 85 annos, como parte de un enquete del nutrition in Lebanon. Le prevalentia de carie dental esseva intermedie inter le basse nivellos previemente incontrate in Asia e le alte nivellos incontrate in le Americas. Le consumo medie de sucro esseva equalmente intermedie inter illo in Asia e illo in le Americas. Le debris oral esseva associate con le indices de carie-perdita-plumbage, sed le mesmo non valeva pro le stato nutritive. Le experientia de carie in dentes decidue esseva tanto alte como in certe populationes statounitese, sed le dentes permanente del mesme subjectos esseva relativemente exempte de carie.
Characterization of the Setting Process of Silicone Dental Rubbers
Authors: Braden M. , Elliott J.C.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

CHARACTERISATION DEL PROCESSO DEL PRISA DE CAUCHUS DENTAL A SILICONA.—Le processo del prisa de cauchus dental a silicona esseva studiate con le uso de viscometria extrusional, e le reagentes de prisa esseva analysate con le utilisation de spectroscopia de absorption infrarubie. Le datos characteristic del prisa poteva esser explicate a base del pertinente mechanismos chimic. Le tempore (r) requirite pro le initiation del processo de prisa, manifeste per un augmento del fortia extrusional, dependeva marcatemente del temperatura (energia de activation: 11 kilocalorias per mol) e del concentration del reagente de prisa, ortho-silicato alcoylic. Isto tempore dependeva multo minus sensibilemente ab le concentration de activator (dilaurato de stanno dibutylic), providite que un concentration minime de illo esseva presente.
Study of Bond Strength of Dental Porcelain Fused to Metal
Authors: Knap Florian J. , Ryge Gunnar
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

UN STUDIO DEL FORTIA ADHESIVE DE PORCELLANA DENTAL FUSIONATE A METALLO.-Pro evalutar le effecto del atmosphera in le furno super le fortia ligatori, 12 specimens pro tests del fortia tensil de metallo describite in Specification No. 14 del ADA esseva preparate con un strato uniforme de material ceramic fusionate al barra. In 3 del specimens le material ceramic esseva fusionate in aere, in 3 in un vacuo, in 3 in oxygeno, e in 3 le nude metallo passava a transverso le cyclo de ignition. Le specimens manipulate sub oxygeno produceva le plus alte valores de fortia ligatori, e le specimens manipulate in vacuo produceva le valores le plus basse.
Dental Caries in Diabetic and Prediabetic Rats
Authors: Borghelli Ricardo F. , Devoto Francisco C.H. , Foglia Virgilio G. , Erausquin Jorge
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

CARIE DENTAL IN RATTOs DiABETic E PREDIABETIC.—Le prevalentia, incidentia, e rapiditate evolutive de carie dental esseva studiate a base de un registration del numero de afficite e destruite dentes molar e de cavitates, si ben como del typo de carie incontrate. Un convenibile indice esseva applicate pro exprimer le grado de susceptibilitate. Statos diabetic e prediabetic esseva provocate per pancreatectomia a 95 pro cento, controlate per determinationes periodic del sucro sanguinee in stato jejun. Le condition diabetic accelerava notabilemente le establite processo de carie. Un augmento significative in le prevalentia, le incidentia, e le rapiditate evolutive esseva observate non solmente in animales con confirmate e incipiente diabete sed precocemente etiam in animales prediabetic.
Antibody Formation in Primates Following Introduction of Antigens into the Root Canal
Authors: Barnes Glover W. , Langeland Kaare
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

FORMATION DE ANTICORPORE IN PRIMATES POST LE INTRODUCTION DE ANTIGENO AD IN LE CANAL DE RADICE.-Pro demonstrar que phenomenos allergic pote esser initiate per le introduction de substantias extranee (antigenos) via le canal de radice, albumina de sero bovin (ASB) e erythrocytos ovin (EO) esseva insigilate intra le cameras pulpal de dentes de simias de Java. Specimens de sero sanguinee de ante e post le immunisation esseva evalutate pro anticorpore per diffusion in gel a agar e per hemagglutination directe.

Anticorpore precipitante anti ASB e un augmento in le titros de anticorpore agglutinante anti EO esseva detegite in seros de post le immunisation, lo que indica que un sensibilisation specific con affection constitutional habeva essite producite.
Role of Ingredients in Alginate Impression Compounds
Authors: Buchan S. , Peggie R.W.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

LE ROLO DE INGREDIENTES IN COMPOSITOS DE IMPRESSION A ALGINATO.—Esseva studiate le effecto del addition, a un composito de alginato a alteration de color, de proportiones de alginato de natrium, de phosphato trinatric, de sulfato de calcium (dihydratic e hemihydratic), de silicofluoruro de natrium, de silicato de plumbo, e de certe inerte agentes de plombage. Le proprietates examinate esseva le facilitate del mixtion, le elasticitate, le stabilitate dimensional, e le duritate.

Le resultatos confirmava le notion que phosphato de natrium e le duo formas de sulfato de calcium ha un rolo in le parametros in question, que un constituente acide del typo de silicofluoruro de natrium es requirite pro le activation de silicato de plumbo, que "inerte" ingredientes ha un function importante, e que il occurre un alteration del pH in le curso del reaction gelificatori.
Healing of Pinpoint Exposure of Rat Incisor Pulp under Various Capping Agents
Authors: Obersztyn Andrzej
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

LE GUARITION DE EXPOSITION PER PUNCTA DE AGULIA DE PULPA DE INCISORES DE RATTO SUB VARIE AGENTES INCAPPANTE.—Expositiones per puncta de agulia del pulpa de 281 incisores inferior in 151 rattos esseva incappate con carbon animal, cemento provisori, Ca(OH)2 oxydo de zinc con eugenol, fragmentos fresc de dentina de ratto, fragmentos de dentina de ratto o human lyophilisate e sterilisate per irradiation a radios gamma, sterilisate fragmentos de adamante de ratto, collageno, sulfato de chondroitina, e hyaluronato de natrium. Glycina a tritium esseva administrate per via peritoneal a duo rattos. Observationes histologic del dentes monstrava que le guarition le melior del pulpa con le formation de tissu solide esseva obtenite post le incappamento del pulpa con lyophilisate fragmentos de dentina sterilisate e collageno.
Effect of Soft Tissue Implantation on the Healing of Static Bony Defects
Authors: Topazian Richard G.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

EFFECTO DEL IMPLANTATION DE TISSUE MOLLE SUPER LE GUARITION DE STATIC DEFECTOS OSSEE.-Musculo, fascia, e pelle de spissitate total esseva implantate in defectos static inducite in tibias de porco de India. Le objectivo del studio esseva determinar le capacitate de tissue autologe de prevenir reossification. Pelle de spissitate total esseva indesirabile pro iste objectivo, viste que cystes se disveloppava in le majoritate del animales. Fascia e musculo esseva efficace in prevenir reossification durante 32 septimanas. Le fascia remaneva viabile durante le periodo experimental, e le musculo esseva reimplaciate per fibrose tissu conjunctive. Per consequente, il pare que fascia e musculo es appropriate materiales de arthroplastia interpositional, viste que nulle reossification esseva notate mesmo in defectos static.
Statistical Evaluation of a Multiple Response Experiment: Alterations to the Morphology of Rat Molars
Authors: Adkins B.L. , Kruger B.J.
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA

EVALUTATION STATISTIC DE UN EXPERIMENTO A RESPONSA MULTIPLE; ALTERATIONES AL MORPHOLOGIA DE MOLARES DE RATTO.-Quando il existe multe mesuramentos pro cata unitate experimental, il es multo plus efficace determinar le variantia per methodos de analyse a multiple variabiles que per separate analyses a un sol variabile. In le presente studio, separate analyses a un sol variabile monstrava que le administration de fluoruro alterava 6 de 8 characteristicas de molares del ratto. Methodos a multiple variabiles confirmava ille conclusion, sed illos etiam monstrava que le plus grande parte del effecto general poteva esser explicate per alterationes in non plus que 2 del characteristicas. Le altere characteristicas non experien- tiava alterationes independente. Fluoruro in le presentia de molybdenum e molybdenum sin fluoruro produceva differente resultatos.