bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Donald Trump’s Rhetorical Animosity Against Illegal Immigrants
Authors: Aperocho Maico Demi B. , Ates Lois Alyanna Casilac , Corias Dona Bella Ponce
Published: February 2022

This study looked at the discourses used by former U.S. President Trump against immigrants. Specifically, the rhetorical expressions, metaphorical approaches, semantic expressions, linguistic features, and classifications of ideologies in the political discourses were explored. Findings show that the discourses contained various rhetorical expressions and discourse patterns in his political speeches. With the use of conceptual metaphor theory for analysis, it showed that he expressed racism against immigrants and immigration and his political speeches also contained pieces of evidence of negative rhetorical expressions towards illegal immigrants. Findings show that the discursive components could be very instrumental in determining how politicians or leaders express their political ideologies on the issue of immigration, racism, and other socio-political issues in a country.
Challenges and Coping Strategies of Maritime Instructors and Students in An Online Distance Learning (ODL) Environment
Authors: Mundo David Gerald S. Del , Malangen Ardrian D. , Cruz Orlando Dela
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

 

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), Teachers and students to move into Online Distance Learning in the Philippines to continue providing quality education. The study centers on two factors the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Maritime Instructors and Students in an Online Distance Learning (ODL) Environment of Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College.  A total of 157 respondents were involved in the study and distribution of questionnaires was done thru online. The descriptive and quantitative method of research is used in this study. As a result both the students and teachers used smartphones and laptop in Online Distance Learning but majority of the students have postpaid subscription service (42.38%) with an unstable and slow internet connectivity. Furthermore, the Challenges of Maritime Instructors and Students in an Online Distance Learning (ODL) Environment, the respondents generally answered “rarely” to the given statements as to academic requirements(M=2.08 and M=2.33), Learning Management System (M=1.96 and M=2.30), delivery of instructions (M=2.17 and 2.39) while data from learning environment (M=2.78 and M=2.73) is interpreted as "sometimes," inferring that the respondents perceived the learning environment as the biggest challenge out of the four. The coping strategies of Maritime Instructors and Students in ODL the students generally answered "sometimes" to the given scenarios while the instructors generally answered "often." Meanwhile, the results show that the instructors preferred utilizing the Internet to their advantage for researching lessons and similarly to the students, setting specific time to prepare for school work are the best coping strategies for them. There is no significant difference and relationship on the Challenges and Strategies of Maritime Instructors and Students in an Online Distance Learning (ODL) Environment. Thus, to address the challenge regarding the learning environment and the poor internet connection, the findings of the study recommend that students and instructors must set time to prepare for schoolwork, create notes to better understand/deliver a lesson, and find another place for better learning/teaching and lesser distractions.
The urban poetry of Valerii Briusov
Authors: Oliveira Cassio de
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é dedicado a uma análise da figura do eu-lírico e dos vários motivos usados nos ciclos de poemas urbanos do simbolista russo Valeii Briusov. A fascinação de Briusov com temas urbanos relaciona-se com seu interesse pela poesia do francés Charles Baudelaire e do belga Emile Verharen, que Ihe providenciaram exemplos, respectivamente, do eu-lírico moderno e do uso do tema da modernidade na poesia simbolista. No entanto, a poesia de Briusov se distingue daquela de Baudelaire pela presença mais marcante, explícita emoderna de um conjunto de imagens estritamente relacionadas ao ambiente da cidade; sua poesia também se distingue da de Verhaeren pela criação de um eu-lírico consideravelmente mais variado, complexo e dotado do olhar inerente à modernidade. Ainda que Briusov tenha Sido influenciado por esses poetas na criação de seus poemas urbanos, é evidente que seus poemas revelam traços característicos da concepção estética - e, pode-se dizer também, ética -de seu autor, figura singular na formação do movimento simbolista na Rússia. Assim sendo, este artigo também propõe uma forma de integração de um gênero especial da poesia de Briusov no contexto de sua criação lírica em geral.
La imagen de Dulcinea en el simbolismo ruso y en Fiódor Sologub
Authors: Jiménez Jiménez
Published: February 2022

The author explains the influence exerted by the novel Don Quixote in Russian symbolism and, particularly, how the image of Dulcinea crosses practically all the work of the major symbolist Feodor Sologub. Taking into consideration the impact caused by the idealist vision of the Cervantes's character in Romanticism, it is understandable that this attracted attention of symbolists or "Neo-Romantics. For that reason, the feminine ideal of Sofia of Vladimir Soloviov, understood as philosophic fundamental of the Russian symbolism, corresponds perfectly with the myth of Dulcinea. Although not mentioning Dulcinea, Sologub shows in his stories how the imperfect of the World kills the pristine beauty. A series of essays, articles and dramas culminate in the symbology of the book The Created Legend ("Tvorimaya leguenda"), where Sologub shows his fundamental idea: the transformation of life through the creator dream. Starting with the Quixote's idealization of Dulcinea, Sologub recreates a World that does not exist but which must exist, that is, Sologub does not offer a rereading of the Quixote, but the novel of Cervantes helps him to elaborate his own artistic creed.
Karl Emil Franzos: um literato entre a Europa Central e a semi-Ásia
Authors: Krausz Luiz Sergio
Published: February 2022

Karl Emil Franzos' (1848-1904) oeuvre represents a caesura within the literary tradition known as Ghettoliteratur and marks the establishment of clearly drawn borders separating the world of Eastern European Jewry from the so-called civilized Europe. Thegradual penetration of 19th. Century humanistic ideas - in particular, those of the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn- in the world of traditional Jews has led to a deep conflict within European Jewry in the 19th. Century, and Franzos is one of those litterati who voices this conflict, clearly defending the modern and emancipated part of the community, and setting it against the religious-traditional sector. It would be no exaggeration to say that this conflict is the main subject of his oeuvre, andthat it gives voice to some paradigms which have become increasingly important both for the way emancipated Jews saw themselves and for the anti-semitic discourse which has gained momentum in late 19th Century Germany and Austria.By identifying traditional Jews with Asian barbarians, Franzos applies the terms of the mind of Enlightenment and plays a crucial role in the establishment of two complementary Jewish-European identities: that of the Ostjude (Eastern Jew) and that of the Westjude (Western Jew).
Recurrent Mitral Regurgitation After MitraClip: Predictive Factors, Morphology, and Clinical Implication
Authors: Sugiura Atsushi , Kavsur Refik , Spieker Maximilian , Iliadis Christos , Goto Tadahiro , Öztürk Can , Weber Marcel , Tabata Noriaki , Zimmer Sebastian , Sinning Jan-Malte , Mauri Victor , Horn Patrick , Kelm Malte , Baldus Stephan , Nickenig Georg , Westenfeld Ralf , Pfister Roman , Becher Marc Ulrich
Published: February 2022

Background:

Recurrent mitral regurgitation (MR) following MitraClip has not been thoroughly investigated. We aimed to examine the predictive factors, morphology, and long-term outcome of recurrent MR after MitraClip.

Methods:

We assessed data from the Heart Failure Network Rhineland registry from August 2010 to October 2018. Competing risk analyses were performed using the Fine and Gray model to assess the risk of recurrent MR.

Results:

Among 685 MitraClip patients with a reduction in MR to ≤2+, 61 patients developed recurrent MR within the first 12 months. Flail leaflet (hazard ratio, 3.68;
P
=0.002) and residual MR (MR grade 2+ versus ≤1+: hazard ratio, 2.56;
P
=0.03) were the predictors of recurrent MR in primary MR patients, while left atrial volume (per 10 mL increase: hazard ratio, 1.11;
P
<0.001) and residual MR (hazard ratio, 2.45;
P
=0.01) were independently associated with recurrent MR in secondary MR patients. In primary MR patients, loss of leaflet insertion or leaflet tear were the predominant morphologies with recurrent MR. In secondary MR patients, more than half of the patients with recurrent MR did not show any disorder of the clip or leaflets. Patients with recurrent MR were more likely to experience unplanned heart failure hospitalization or heart failure symptom with New York Heart Association scale III/IV (54.1% versus 37.8%;
P
=0.018) and undergo a repeat mitral valve intervention (9.8% versus 2.2%;
P
=0.005) during the follow-up. In the landmark survival analysis, patients with recurrent MR tended to have lower long-term survival (58.7% versus 83.9%;
P
=0.08) than patients without recurrent MR.

Conclusions:

Flail leaflet and residual MR were the predictors of recurrent MR in primary MR patients, while a larger left atrial volume and residual MR were associated with recurrent MR in secondary MR patients, which may be associated with long-term clinical outcomes of patients after MitraClip.
Glucose Metabolic Disorders Enhance Vascular Dysfunction Triggered by Particulate Air Pollution: a Panel Study
Authors: Chen Wu , Han Yiqun , Wang Yanwen , Chen Xi , Qiu Xinghua , Li Weiju , Xu Yifan , Zhu Tong
Published: February 2022

Background:

Vascular dysfunction is a biological pathway whereby particulate matter (PM) exerts deleterious cardiovascular effects. The effects of ambient PM on vascular function in prediabetic individuals are unclear.

Methods:

A panel study recruited 112 Beijing residents with and without prediabetes. Multiple vascular function indices were measured up to 7 times. The associations between vascular function indices and short-term exposure to ambient PM, including fine particulate matter (PM
2.5
), ultrafine particles, accumulation mode particles, and black carbon, and the modification of these associations by glucose metabolic status were examined using linear mixed-effects models.

Results:

Increases in brachial artery pulse pressure, central aortic pulse pressure, and ejection duration, and decreases in subendocardial viability ratio and reactive hyperemia index were significantly associated with at least one PM pollutant in all participants, indicating increased vascular dysfunction. For example, for an interquartile range increment in 5-day moving average ultrafine particles, brachial artery pulse pressure, and central aortic pulse pressure increased 5.4% (0.8%–10.4%) and 6.2% (1.2%–11.5%), respectively. Additionally, PM-associated changes in vascular function differed according to glucose metabolic status. Among participants with high fasting blood glucose levels (≥6.1 mmol/L), PM exposure was significantly associated with increased brachial artery systolic blood pressure, central aortic systolic blood pressure, brachial artery pulse pressure, central aortic pulse pressure, and augmentation pressure normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm and decreased subendocardial viability ratio and reactive hyperemia index. Weaker or null associations were observed in the low-fasting blood glucose group.

Conclusions:

Glucose metabolic disorders may exacerbate vascular dysfunction associated with short-term ambient PM exposure.
Error-related Alpha Suppression: Scalp Topography and (Lack of) Modulation by Modafinil
Authors: Schroder Hans S. , Iturra-Mena Ann M. , Breiger Micah , Linton Samantha R. , Robble Mykel A. , Kangas Brian D. , Bergman Jack , Nickels Stefanie , Vitaliano Gordana , Der-Avakian Andre , Barnes Samuel A. , Carlezon William A. , Pizzagalli Diego A.
Published: February 2022

Errors in performance trigger cognitive and neural changes that are implemented to adaptively adjust to fluctuating demands. Error-related alpha suppression (ERAS)—which refers to decreased power in the alpha frequency band after an incorrect response—is thought to reflect cognitive arousal after errors. Much of this work has been correlational, however, and there are no direct investigations into its pharmacological sensitivity. In Study 1 (n = 61), we evaluated the presence and scalp distribution of ERAS in a novel flanker task specifically developed for cross-species assessments. Using this same task in Study 2 (n = 26), which had a placebo-controlled within-subject design, we evaluated the sensitivity of ERAS to placebo (0 mg), low (100 mg), and high (200 mg) doses of modafinil, a wakefulness promoting agent. Consistent with previous work, ERAS was maximal at parieto-occipital recording sites in both studies. In Study 2, modafinil did not have strong effects on ERAS (a significant Accuracy × Dose interaction emerged, but drug–placebo differences did not reach statistical significance after correction for multiple comparisons and was absent after controlling for accuracy rate). ERAS was correlated with accuracy rates in both studies. Thus, modafinil did not impact ERAS as hypothesized, and findings indicate ERAS may reflect an orienting response to infrequent events.
Condillac and Derrida: Perception, the Human and Empiricism
Authors: Gaston Sean
Published: February 2022

In June 2020, a new work by Derrida on Condillac was published, Le Calcul des langues. This article re-examines Derrida’s readings of Condillac, focusing on the relation between perception and the language of signs; the relation between human knowledge and the animal; and the idealization and limits of empiricism.
Balancing the Indigenous Peoples’ Ancestral Sea Rights, and the State’s Obligation to Protect and Preserve the Marine Environment
Authors: Valdez Amiel Ian
Published: February 2022

There is a dynamic interplay between the State’s assertion of sovereignty over its territory, and the indigenous peoples’ claim over their traditionally owned seas. As experienced by the indigenous peoples in the Philippines and Australia, this dynamism is about lobbying for the recognition of their native title over ancestral seas, which includes their traditional fishing rights, and facing State interference with their affairs in managing these so-called sea countries. In this context, this article argues that there is sufficient basis for the recognition of an ancestral sea under the core human rights instruments, particularly through the lens of the indigenous peoples’ right to self-determination, right to enjoy or manifest culture, and right to protect their means of subsistence. It further argues that the State has a positive obligation to promote the realisation of ancestral rights, despite the Law of the Sea regime’s strong position on State sovereignty and sovereign rights, as well as a State duty in protecting and preserving the marine environment condition. Hence, there should be greater recognition of the role of indigenous peoples in managing the marine ecosystem of their ancestral seas.
Judicial Enforceability of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in Bangladesh: A Critical Evaluation
Authors: Mohammad Nour , Hasan Sayed MM
Published: February 2022

The implementation of economic, social and cultural rights (esc rights) continues to pose uncertainties in the modern world. Given that many states constitutionally treat such rights as aspirational and not justiciable, it is difficult to enforce them judicially at the domestic level. Bangladesh has embodied these rights in Part ii of its Constitution as a social welfare goal of the State. This article takes Bangladesh as a case study and examines the international legal framework for the implementation of esc rights at the domestic level. Making a comparison with other jurisdictions, such as India and South Africa, the article examines the approach of the judiciary of Bangladesh (the Supreme Court) in giving effect to these rights. Lastly, the article argues that the court should devise appropriate and effective enforcement mechanisms for these rights.
Between Orthodoxy and Subjectivism
Authors: Aarvik Signe
Published: February 2022

This article investigates how beliefs and practices are legitimised among young (non- organised) Muslims in Norway. The findings confirm previous studies in showing how young Muslims in Europe often combine a discourse of submission to Islamic orthodoxy with a liberal vocabulary of autonomy and authenticity, although the tendency to divert from orthodoxy is more prevalent in this study. A variety of ways that young Muslims combine liberal and orthodox premises in their legitimisations are illustrated. The article argues that a high degree of engagement with pluralistic social contexts, including interreligious friendships, may challenge a previously dominant orthodox structure in the young Muslim’s outlook, partly because of the difficulty of maintaining an exclusivist stance that includes the possible damnation of non-Muslims. While this may lead to liberal discursive premises becoming dominant, examples are also given of how some young Muslims navigate an ambiguous position where both discursive structures are kept intact.
Konsul Sugihara Chiune a polscy Żydzi w Kownie w okresie 1939–1940
Authors: Barbasiewicz Olga
Published: February 2022

Consul Sugihara Chiune and the Polish Jews in Kaunas, Lithuania in 1939–1940The main subject of this article is the life and career of Sugihara Chiune, viewed in the context of the fate of European Jews during their stay in the Lithuanian capital, Kaunas, while they were escaping from Nazi-occupied Europe in 1939 and 1940. The author investigates how the Japanese consul helped them obtain visas and thus saved their lives. She also deals with his private and professional life, including the turns of his diplomatic career in pre-war Lithuania, and his views on crucial issues involving his activities connected with saving the Polish Jews – even at the risk of his own life and the life of his family. Sugihara continued to issue transit visas even after he was forbidden to do so by his superiors from the Japanese Foreign Ministry. Thus the war influenced his later life as a diplomat, not always in a beneficial way. However, today Consul Sugihara is considered a hero and is commemorated in many ways, both in his native Japan and in Lithuania.
Międzynarodowe seminarium „Wizerunek imigrantów a integracja”
Authors: Pogorzała Ewa
Published: February 2022

Conference report: International seminar “Wizerunek imigrantów a integracja” [The Image of Immigrants and Integration], Warsaw, 25 September 2009Sprawozdanie: Międzynarodowe seminarium „Wizerunek imigrantów a integracja”, Warszawa, 25 września 2009
The Right to Political Representation for Members of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia, 1990–2004
Authors: Mikucka-Wójtowicz Dominika
Published: February 2022

The Right to Political Representation for Members of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia, 1990–2004The goal of this article is to analyse the changes in the normative regulations concerning the political representation of members of national minorities in the Republic of Croatia in 1990–2004. These regulations are contrasted with their practical use. Furthermore, attention is turned to the political dimension of these issues, visible through the incessant amendments to regulations. The period from 1990 to 2004 was selected due to the fact that the first legal regulations governing this question were introduced in the Republic of Croatia in 1990, while 2004 saw the final constitution of the last bodies representing this group of citizens provided by law. Moreover, the author aims to prove that normative regulations on their own – even if favourable for minorities – are never sufficient to speak about protection of minority rights, if the good will to respect them in practice is missing. Prawo do reprezentacji politycznej dla członków mniejszości narodowych w Republice Chorwacji w latach 1990–2004Artykuł analizuje zmiany w regulacjach normatywnych dotyczących politycznej reprezentacji członków mniejszości narodowych w Republice Chorwacji w latach 1990–2004. Okres ten został wybrany z uwagi na fakt, iż w roku 1990 wprowadzono pierwsze regulacje normujące tę kwestię, natomiast w 2004 roku ostatecznie ukonstytuowały się ostatnie ustawowo przewidziane organy reprezentujące tę grupę obywateli. Celem autorki jest skontrastowanie regulacji na poziomie normatywnym z praktyką ich przestrzegania oraz pokazanie, iż same gwarancje normatywne nigdy nie są wystarczające, aby można było mówić o rzeczywistym zapewnieniu praw obywatelom. Ponadto uwaga została zwrócona na polityzację tej problematyki, czego przejawem były niewątpliwe ciągłe zmiany przepisów.
Koniec pewnej utopii, czyli o współczesnej sytuacji Ukraińców na Warmii i Mazurach
Authors: Żurko Jerzy
Published: February 2022

The End of a Utopia: On the Contemporary Situation of Ukrainians in Warmia and MasuriaReview of: Bożena Domagała, Ukraińcy na Warmii i Mazurach: Studium procesów asymilacji [Ukrainians in Warmia and Masuria: A Study of Assimilation Processes], Olsztyn: Towarzystwo Naukowe i Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego 2009. Koniec pewnej utopii, czyli o współczesnej sytuacji Ukraińców na Warmii i MazurachRecenzja: Bożena Domagała, Ukraińcy na Warmii i Mazurach: Studium procesów asymilacji, Olsztyn: Towarzystwo Naukowe i Ośrodek Badań Naukowych im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego 2009.
Ruch „Dzwoniące cedry Rosji”. Strategie rekonstrukcji rosyjskiej tożsamości kulturowej
Authors: Mrozowicka Anna
Published: February 2022

The Ringing Cedars of Russia Movement: Reconstructions of Russian Cultural IdentityThe paper presents the results of ethnographic research conducted in Russia in 2008, in Altai Krai, and in 2010, in its European part. The researcher observed the popularity of the new social movement known as the Ringing Cedars of Russia. Its formation was inspired by The Ringing Cedars Series, where the author, Vladimir Megre, chronicles his meetings with Anastasia, a woman with mysterious powers, in Siberian taiga. She leads him into a world of cosmic consciousness. She is able to solve even most complex social, health and environmental problems.The author refers to the Old Russian spiritual tradition – the institution of starets, influenced by Greek monasticism. It is related to the deeply rooted tradition of Russian apocalyptic and messianic elements, the idea of Russia’s great mission as the Holy Rus’, and the idea of Moscow as the Third Rome.Anastasia is also presented as an alien. She arrived from another planet on a spacecraft in order to pass on to people the saving message. Anastasia’s teaching is mostly focused on ecology which is strictly connected with feminism.A recurring theme throughout all of the books is creating the “Kin’s Domain”, or “Space of Love”, that is, a patch of family-owned land which is developed into a self-sustained type of mini farm. The series inspired many readers worldwide to abandon their old lifestyles in pursuit of a purer existence. These developments are commonly undertaken as part of an eco-village and they celebrate freedom from the unnatural pressure and stress of modern life. The aim is also to revive Slavic traditions (holidays, customs and habits).
Chorwacka legenda – Eugen Kvaternik i „Powstanie Rakowickie” 1871 roku
Authors: Gucka Agnieszka
Published: February 2022

A Croatian Legend: Eugen Kvaternik and the Rakovica Revolt of 1871Eugen Kvaternik (1825–1871) was a Croatian politician, a proponent of Croatian independence, and one of the most controversial figures in the history of Croatia. His dramatic life is bound up with the stormy events of 19th-century Europe’s political arena. His contacts and ties with representatives of the Polish independence movement, with French and Italian revolutionaries, as well as his relations with the intelligence services of Russia, where he also sought help, made him a figure of inter­national significance. Kvaternik was a romantic who revolted against Austria-Hungary with a view to es­tablishing an independent Croatian state. With this aim in mind he launched a nationwide uprising in fall 1871. But due to his romantic nature, the revolt on the Military Frontier soon turned into a grotesque farce and ended in complete failure within just 96 hours.Because Croats and Poles experienced similar political and historical fates, Polish-language newspapers became increasingly more interested in the course of the revolt. They paid a lot of attention to Kvaternik and his “uprising”. Despite the fact that Eugen Kvaternik died almost 150 years ago, debates on his role and influence in the history of the nation are still vivid in Croatia, not only among historians but also politicians, and journalists still express emotional opinions of him.
Polsko-słowacka współpraca transgraniczna w regionie Tatr po 1918 roku
Authors: Lewkowicz Łukasz
Published: February 2022

Polish-Slovak Trans-Frontier Cooperation in the Tatra Mountain Region after 1918The aim of this article is to analyse the most significant forms of trans-frontier cooperation in the Polish-Slovak borderland since 1918. The analysis is presented chronologically, divided into stages. Polish-Czechoslovak trans-frontier cooperation is discussed in the first part of the article, including such issues as the original protected common areas, for example the Pieniny Mountains, and the convention on tourism signed in 1925. Between 1945 and 1993, most of the national parks in the Tatra and Sub-Tatra regions were established, and in 1956 a second Polish-Czechoslovak convention on tourism was signed. The last part of the article discusses the Trans-Frontier Union of the Tatra Euroregion as an institutionalised form of Polish-Slovak cooperation today. The latest EU form of institutionalised trans-frontier cooperation, the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation, is also presented. The Euroregion’s final goal is to be converted into such a grouping in the near future.
Dyskretny urok wielokulturowości
Authors: Rauszer Michał
Published: February 2022

The Discreet Charm of MulticulturalismReview of: Jerzy Nikitorowicz, Grupy etniczne w wielokulturowym świecie [Ethnic Groups in a Multicultural World], Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne 2009. Dyskretny urok wielokulturowościRecenzja: Jerzy Nikitorowicz, Grupy etniczne w wielokulturowym świecie, Sopot: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne 2009.
Od tradycji do kreacji – wymiary i losy tożsamości centralnoazjatyckich
Authors: Książek Joanna
Published: February 2022

From Tradition to Creation: Central Asian Identities and Their FatesAfter the collapse of the USSR, Central Asian states together with their independence got the opportunity of reconsidering and redefinition of the vision of national identity that until then had been created through the foreign power. This article considers diverse levels and kinds of local identities in Central Asia and tries to show in what way the contemporary states create a new national and state identity. In new circumstances, a new identity has to be built but this is very often done with old tools, originating from the former system.To understand these countries today one has to discover the meaning of the Soviet rule in this area, the power of tradition, and a particular fusion between these two factors, which lasted through the long time of the Soviet domination. Especially important in the traditional way of living is a framework of a solidarity group. The analysis of the identity dimensions confirms the special role of tribal ties, which are a fundamental element of social life and political movements in the past and present.
Prawa imigrantów a wysiedlanie Romów we Francji i reakcja Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Stankiewicz Wojciech
Published: February 2022

Immigrant Rights vs Expulsions of the Roma People in France in Light of the European Union’s ReactionThe article first presents how immigration policies determine the norms which European Union countries apply in their law towards immigrants. Next the author deals with the Roma as a national minority living in France, where it is not yet recognised as equal to other national or ethnic communities. Even though Romany people are protected by law, their legal status is unstable due to their cultural dissimilarity. Numerous dilemmas arise, thus making it difficult to accept any official recognition of the Roma as a supranational or national minority.Relations between France and the European Union have deteriorated since the incident connected with the Roma deportations in 2010. There have been many accusations aimed at the French authorities, and also a threat of bringing proceedings against France before the Court of Justice. The EU strongly condemned France and its immigration policy. This, however, did not change French attitudes towards the Roma. The reaction of the EU did not result in a sudden change in French legislation which aims at preventing an influx of immigrants. In addition, France has introduced special acts to protect the country from a return influx of the Roma minority. The Directive on the free movement of citizens between EU countries has not been fully enforced in France. In the ensuing situation, the ratification of this document will occur in 2011.
Wielokulturowość Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Kilka metodologicznych uwag o definiowaniu i badaniu zjawiska
Authors: Dolińska Kamilla , Makaro Julita
Published: February 2022

The Multiculturalism of Central-Eastern Europe: Some Methodological Remarks on the Definition and Research of the PhenomenonThe article is a voice in the discussion over the state and prospects of modern research on multiculturalism. Taking into account the importance of this phenomenon in the contem­porary reality and a variety of approaches both to the way it is defined and to its numerous examples, this study makes an attempt to delineate multiculturalism as a complex socio-cultural phe­nomenon in the Central-Eastern European context, with all ethnic groups living in this area as its subjects. This complexity can be seen on four levels of multiculturalism: the level of “empirical state of affairs” (demographic), social awareness, the political one and the marketing one. The article makes a consistent connection between theoretical assumptions and methodological proposals, including the presentation of some guidelines taking into consideration the specifics of a particular level – a given research subject and the way of obtaining data, both qualitative and quantitative. As observed, the need to carry out – on various levels – research on multiculturalism in Central-Eastern Europe is also connected with reflection on the regional specifics of this phenomenon so that it avoids being treated as a “copy” of the Western European version.
O pojęciu godności narodowej w polskiej myśli romantycznej
Authors: Nowak Joanna
Published: February 2022

On the Notion of National Dignity in Polish Romantic ThoughtNational dignity is one of the principal notions that help define the fundamental ideas and aims of nationalism. The author of the article analyzes the Polish thought of the first part of the 19th century, presenting the diversity of views. Historically, national dignity was believed to represent group value and being proud of belonging to one’s own nation, of its character and destiny within humanity. National dignity was an inalienable right and value closely connected with vital aspirations of a national community, with the ideal of freedom seen in the context of endangerments both from the outside (e.g. hostile actions of other states and nations) and from the inside (e.g. excessive love for one’s own nation, materialistic approaches, selfishness, but also threats that arise via injustice and the absence of social rights and equality). Dignity, honor, love of one’s motherland are values that we should constantly recall and at all times care for and propagate within a national community. In the article, special attention has also been paid to the way the older Polish thinkers presented the close relationships between collective dignity and individual dignity, as well as to the fact that the title notion has undergone a specific evolution in time and space.
O dwóch cywilizacjach w myśli Michała Pawlikowskiego (1887–1970)
Authors: Wrzesińska Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

On Two Civilizations in Michał Pawlikowski’s ThoughtMichał Pawlikowski (1887–1970) was a Polish essayist, poet, publisher, editor, and bibliophile. Since World War I, he was an activist of the National Democratic Party (later the National Party). After World War II, he settled in Great Britain, temporarily staying in Zakopane, Poland. Pawlikowski is the author of essays and journalism, where he collected his philosophical views on nation and culture, as well as on civilization and race. He sought cause and effect relationships in the history of humanity as factors that shaped the contemporary world. In his opinion, the world is divided between two mutually antagonistic civilizations: Western and Eastern. Such a perspective of his thought has been inscribed in Polish wider reflection on the nation. It is close to messianic concepts that were held by Romantic thinkers and artists, while at the same time it contains tints of national megalomania. His writings can be termed controversial and are often characterized as being full of discrepancies, as well as simplifying a number of complex issues; in particular, in his opponents’ views Pawlikowski’s thought is too close to conspiracy theory of history. Alternatively Pawlikowski deserves recognition for his depictions of man as a free human being who has a potential to make individual choices in accordance with ethical ideals and obligations towards the community.
Digital Anticipation: Facilitating the Pre-Emptive Futures of Chinese Grandparent Migrants in Australia
Authors: Baldassar Loretta , Stevens Catriona , Wilding Raelene
Published: February 2022

In this article, we contrast the digital kinning and digital homing practices of PRC Chinese transnational grandparents in Australia from two migration cohorts. Our case studies demonstrate that these digital practices form an integral part of the ability to anticipate aging futures. This “digital anticipation” not only helps to safeguard and affirm social and cultural identities that are often at risk as people age in migrant settings, but also provides the potential to imagine either a future return to China that involves physical separation from children and grandchildren, or, conversely, a future lived in Australia while still maintaining connection and participating digitally in affective economies that extend beyond the nuclear family to encompass siblings, friends, and lifelong workmates. Here the role of facilitated digital access is highlighted as a form of care that can be provided by younger generations.
Psychiatric Symptoms, Aggression, and Sexual Dysfunction Among Patients With Benign Anal Conditions
Authors: Akkoca Muzaffer , Kocaay Akin Firat , Tokgoz Serhat , Er Saadettin , Duman Berker , Ayaz Tugba , Kumbasar Hakan , Gokmen Derya , Koç Mehmet Ali , Kuzu Mehmet Ayhan
Published: February 2022

Introduction

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of general psychiatric symptoms, aggression levels, and sexual dysfunction in patients with benign anorectal diseases and compare the results with those of healthy control subjects.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled consecutive adult patients who presented for treatment of benign perianal diseases and healthy control subjects between June 2017 and December 2018. All patients had either grade 3 or 4 hemorrhoidal disease or perianal fistula with active discharge who had not undergone previous anorectal surgery. We also included a control group with benign subcutaneous lumps presenting for minor surgery. We used the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised Form to evaluate general psychiatric symptoms, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) to evaluate aggression levels, and the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale to evaluate sexual dysfunction.

Results

A total of 563 patients were assessed for eligibility; after exclusions, 94 with anal fistula, 89 with hemorrhoids, and 59 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The groups were similar with regard to age, gender, and educational level. Physical and verbal aggression, anger, and total BPAQ score were significantly higher in patients with perianal fistula than in those with hemorrhoidal disease and healthy control subjects ( P < .001).

Conclusion

This study suggests that patients with perianal fistula have higher levels of aggression than healthy control subjects and those with hemorrhoidal disease. One must bear this in mind during preoperative patient evaluations and obtaining informed consent. Further studies are needed to investigate the reason for this association and potential causality.
Why did Paul cite Habakkuk 2:4b?
Authors: Lim Timothy H.
Published: February 2022

One of the most perplexing uses of the Old Testament in the New is Paul’s quotation of ‘the one who is righteous will live by faith’ to support his view that: divine righteousness is revealed through faith (Rom 1:17); no one is justified before God by the law (Gal 3:11); and no one is justified by the works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ (Gal 2:16). Why did Paul quote Hab 2:4b, since this half-verse is not ostensibly about judgment and salvation? In this article, I show that Paul’s selection is explicable when it is realized that there was a Jewish tradition, as reflected in Pesher Habakkuk (1QpHab), which interpreted righteousness and living by faith as salvation for the righteous and judgment for the wicked.
A review of Indigenous social work around the world: Concepts, debates and challenges
Authors: Jaswal Surinder , Kshetrimayum Melody
Published: February 2022

Indigenous social work is gaining significance in the social work profession to respond to Indigenous voices. However, there is still ambiguity on how Indigenous social work is conceptualised, and this ambiguity has resulted in reluctance in the social work profession to accept Indigenous perspectives and knowledge in education and practice. To clear this ambiguity, this article examines Indigenous social work as a concept and explores its diverse discourses work through a critical review of 40 articles. The review analyses four lines of thoughts that emerged on how Indigenous social work is conceptualised across the globe.
The Use of Phonological and Semantic Strategies in Written Word Learning Among Chinese Children With Dyslexia
Authors: Li Yixun , Hui Yi , Li Hong , Liu Xiangping
Published: February 2022

The present study investigated the phonological and semantic aspects of written word learning among children with dyslexia, taking into account their use of phonetic and semantic cues embedded in words. Fifty-three Mandarin-speaking fifth graders were taught the pronunciations and meanings of 24 Chinese single-character pseudowords (children with dyslexia: n = 27; age-matched peers: n = 26). The regularity of phonetic cues and the transparency of semantic cues embedded in the characters were experimentally manipulated. Children’s learning outcomes in orthography-to-pronunciation associations (learning the pronunciations of novel characters) and orthography-to-meaning associations (learning the meanings of novel characters) were examined separately. Results indicated that children with dyslexia performed more poorly than did their peers only in the learning stage of orthography-to-pronunciation learning. Otherwise, children with dyslexia demonstrated comparable performance in orthography-to-meaning learning, in the use of embedded pronunciation and meaning cues, and in retention of learning in comparison with their peers. Children applied phonetic and semantic cues jointly in the learning stage. For the 1-week retention, phonetic cues supported children’s performance on the task of orthography-to-pronunciation associations, whereas semantic cues aided in that of orthography-to-meaning associations. These findings expand our knowledge of children with dyslexia and provide insights for future reading interventions.
Walk This Way: Ingroup Norms Determine Voting Intentions for Those Who Lack Sociopolitical Control
Authors: Potoczek Anna , Bukowski Marcin , de Lemus Soledad , Jiménez-Moya Gloria , Rodríguez-López Álvaro , Jasko Katarzyna
Published: February 2022

Even though taking part in elections is one of the most direct tools to influence the sociopolitical system, many people choose not to vote. Research shows that this problem is especially prevalent among those citizens who do not believe they have control over social and political issues, but the question remains as to what could encourage their voting behavior. We predicted that individuals who experience low levels of control can be more susceptible to ingroup norms regarding participation in political elections than those with a high sense of sociopolitical control (SPC). Across six studies, we found consistent support for this hypothesis. Specifically, people who experience decreased SPC were more likely to vote when descriptive norms (measured or manipulated) were conducive to voting. The results have important theoretical and applied implications, illuminating the boundary conditions under which people deprived of control can still be motivated to participate in a political sphere.
The impact of social noise on social media and the original intended message: BLM as a case study
Authors: Pampapura Madali Nayana , Alsaid Manar , Hawamdeh Suliman
Published: February 2022

Social media has become a platform for information diffusion, voicing concerns of existing inequalities and raising public awareness of various social and societal issues. Despite the social good, social media has become a fertile ground for spreading misinformation, hate speech and conspiracy theories. The death of George Floyd in May 2020 triggered a series of protests worldwide in support of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement and triggered a debate about equity, inclusion and social justice. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of misinformation and social noise on the original intended message of BLM using data from the Twitter hashtag ‘BLM’. Results from topic modelling have shown the strong presence of misinformation and social noise. Such information was most probably intended to influence, mislead and dilute the original intended message. However, despite the effort to distort the original message of BLM, results from sentiment analysis show that users’ opinions of the BLM movement remained positive.
Time to Mainstream the Environment into Migration Theory?
Authors: Hunter Lori M. , Simon Daniel H.
Published: February 2022

As with all social processes, human migration is a dynamic process that requires regular theoretical reflection. This article offers such reflection as related to the role of the natural environment in contemporary migration research and theory. A growing body of evidence suggests that environmental contexts, as shifting social and ecological realities, are consequential to migration theory. In this article, we review some of this evidence, providing migration research examples that integrate environmental context and are applicable to core migration theories, including neoclassical economic and migration systems perspectives, the “push-pull” framework, and the new economics of labor migration. We suggest that neglecting consideration of the natural environment may yield misspecified migration models that attribute migration too heavily to social and economic factors, particularly in the context of contemporary climate change. On the other hand, we suggest, failure to consider migration theory in climate scenarios may lead to simplistic projections and understandings, as in the case of “climate refugees.” We conclude that migration researchers have an obligation to accurately reflect the complexity of migration's drivers, including the environment, within migration scholarship, especially in the context of global climate change.
Maintenance Decision Support Model for Railway Track Geometry Maintenance Planning Using Cost, Reliability, and Availability Factors: A Case Study
Authors: Kasraei Ahmad , Ali Zakeri Jabbar
Published: February 2022

Determining the strategy and planning for maintenance operations on railway tracks is important given the increasing demand from both freight and passengers. An important prerequisite of maintenance planning is the ability to predict the overall and geometric conditions of the railway in the near future. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a degradation model and consider the effect of various maintenance operations using a recovery model. According to EN 13848-5, the alert limit (AL) can be used as an indicator to plan maintenance operations. The current paper benefits from this index as well as the effect of its changes on important parameters such as maintenance costs, availability, and reliability to present a maintenance decision support model. This model allows infrastructure managers to plan maintenance interventions under the conditions of their intended usage strategy. The results of this paper indicate that choosing suitable AL could affect total maintenance cost and availability by up to 57% and 33% respectively.
IoT-Based Serious Gaming Platform for Improving Cognitive Skills of Children with Special Needs
Authors: Islam Muhammad Nazrul , Hasan Uzma , Islam Fourkanul , Anuva Shaila Tajmim , Zaki Tarannum , Islam A.K.M. Najmul
Published: February 2022

The objective of this article is to design, develop, and evaluate an Internet of Things (IoT)-based serious gaming platform for children with autism spectrum disorder The platform aims to improve the children’s cognitive skills. To attain this research objective, first, a conceptual framework for developing the gaming platform was proposed. Then, the conceptual ideas were materialized by developing three games (a puzzle game, a function card game, and a road crossing game) to be included in the gaming platform, which also incorporated a mobile application and three hardware systems. The hardware platform was used to play the game, and the mobile application was used to select, control, manage, and store the gaming performance and visualize players’ progress. The proposed gaming platform was evaluated with 15 special needs children. We found that the gaming platform was usable, effective, and useful for the children on the spectrum and noticeably contributed to improving their cognitive skills.