bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização da Floresta Ombrófila aberta submontana na Rebio Guaporé, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Cavalheiro Wanderson Cleiton Schmidt , Sccoti Marta Silvana Volpato , Vendruscolo Jhony , Evaristo André de Paulo , Brito Junior João Fideles de , Bento Anderson Roberto , Spirotto Eduardo de Oliveira , Silva Romas Pereira da , Carmo Cemilla Cristina Alves do , Carneiro João Paulo Da Silva , Santos Janderson Alves dos
Published: March 2022

O conhecimento fitossociológico é utilizado no planejamento da preservação, conservação, recuperação e manejo dos recursos naturais. Objetivou-se realizar o levantamento florístico e fitossociológico na Rebio Guaporé, RO. Conduzido em dez parcelas permanentes (2500 m2), identificou-se e mensuraram-se os espécimes com DAP = 10,0 cm, classificando-os em grupos ecológicos, e calculando- as estruturas horizontal e vertical, índices de diversidade Shannon-Wiener (H') e equabilidade de Pielou (J'). A área apresentou 1354 espécimes distribuídos em 30 famílias botânicas, 75 gêneros e 90 espécies. Apresentou estágio sucessional variado, composto por 26,67% espécies pioneiras, 25,56% secundárias iniciais, 23,33% secundárias tardias e 24,44% de clímax. Os índices de valor de importância variaram de 0,16 a 13,37% do valor total, índice de diversidade H' foi de 3,36, e J' de 0,75. A estrutura vertical seguiu a ordem médio > superior > inferior com 74, 46 e 43 espécies, respectivamente. As espécies Couratari stellata, Theobroma speciosum, Mezilourus itauba e Atrocaryum aculatissimum, foram encontradas em todas as áreas avaliadas, com destaque para Pseudolmedia multinervis com maior densidade absoluta (94,8 ind. ha-1). Portanto, recomendam-se maiores estudos da vegetação da Rebio Guaporé, em busca de conhecer melhor estas riquezas tão isoladas e protegidas na enorme biodiversidade amazônica.
A inclusão dos catadores na gestão compartilhada de resíduos sólidos no município do Ipojuca – Pernambuco
Authors: Cardoso Jailson Jorge , Silva Maria Cristina Basilio Crispim da , Lima Gustavo Ferreira da Costa
Published: March 2022

O aumento da geração dos resíduos sólidos é uma problemática que tem contribuído para causar impactos negativos ao meio ambiente e à sociedade. A busca pelo desenvolvimento de estratégias, visando à sustentabilidade dos resíduos sólidos, é um desafio para os gestores públicos, em virtude da complexibilidade de aspectos (políticos, econômicos, sociais, ambientais, culturais e tecnológicos) que envolvem a gestão dos resíduos sólidos. Nesse contexto, a integração entre o poder público, o setor privado e a sociedade civil emergem como uma das medidas mitigadoras para adequar a gestão dos resíduos sólidos, em conformidade com a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei nº 12.305/2010). O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as dificuldades e as potencialidades do trabalho dos catadores de materiais recicláveis, para o desenvolvimento da gestão compartilhada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos. A pesquisa foi realizada com base nos seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: revisão bibliográfica, visita ao Centro de Triagem de resíduos sólidos do Porto de Suape e à Associação dos Agentes de Reciclagem do Ipojuca, entrevistas com os catadores de materiais recicláveis e registro fotográfico. Os resultados foram analisados e contextualizados com o referencial teórico. A pesquisa evidenciou as estratégias adotadas pelos gestores públicos do município do Ipojuca, visando à integração dos catadores na gestão dos resíduos sólidos, além de mostrar a importância da parceria realizada entre o Centro Administrativo do Porto de Suape e a Associação dos Agentes de Reciclagem do Ipojuca, como forma de potencializar o trabalho dos catadores no processo de desenvolvimento da cadeia da reciclagem dos resíduos, de forma compartilhada.
EFFECT OF WHITENING MOUTHWASH ON COLOR CHANGE OF DISCOLORED BULK-FILL COMPOSITE RESINS
Authors: BİLGİLİ CAN Dilber , ÖZARSLAN Merve
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The aim of this in-vitro study is to investigate discoloration of the composite resins with different characteristics which were colored by immersing in coffee, kept in mouthwashes with and without hydrogen peroxide.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 18 samples (6 mm x 2 mm) pre-heated bulk-fill (Viscalor Bulk -(VIS)), dual-cured (Fill Up!-(FUP)) bulk-fill and a microhybrid composite resin (G-aenial posterior-(GCP)) were prepared. After the samples were kept in distilled water for 24 hours, baseline colour measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer. ΔE001 color measurements were made of the samples immersed in coffee for 7 days. The samples were divided into two groups to be kept in mouthwashes with hydrogen peroxide (Crest 3D White) and without hydrogen peroxide (Listerine Advance White) (n=9). ΔE002 color measurements were applied after kept in whitening mouthwashes for 24 hours. Discoloration were calculated with the CIEDE2000 formula. Data were statistically analysed with One-way ANOVA and post hoc tukey tests (p<0,05).
Results: For samples immersed in coffee, while statistically highest ΔE values were obtained in GCP (7.30) group, there was no difference between VIS (3.30) and FUP (3.01). Statistically significant colour reduction was observed in VIS and FUP samples kept in both mouthwashes (p<0.05). GCP samples showed colour change above the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE<2.25).
Conclusions: A decrease in discoloration for all materials was found as an effect of whitening mouthwashes. However, GCP showed clinically unacceptable discoloration after immersed in coffee or mouthwashes. Both whitening mouthwashes provided effective whitening for VIS and FUP groups.
INVESTIGATION OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES TAKEN BY FACULTY OF DENTISTRY STUDENTS IN CLINICAL PRACTICES AND PERCEIVED STRESS LEVELS DURING THE EPIDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: MARAŞ Edanur , ARICIOĞLU Banu
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the prevention measures applied by dentistry students in clinical conditions according to various variables and their perceived stress levels during the COVID-19 epidemic.
Methods: The study was performed on 4th and 5th -grade students studying at RTEU Faculty of Dentistry. In the research, the whole count method was used, and data were collected from 168 students through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information, questions about prevention measures taken in clinical practice, and perceived stress scale questions. Normality test (Shapiro-Wilk) was applied to the data and T-Test and Chi-Square Analysis were used for statistical analysis. Significance was determined as p≤0.05.
Results: The perceived stress levels of female students were found to be significantly higher than that of male students, and the perceived stress levels of 5th-grade students were significantly higher than that of 4th-grade students. The perceived stress levels of the students who used rubber dams were found to be significantly lower than the students who did not use rubber dams and the students who paid attention to social distance in the clinic compared to those who did not pay attention to social distance. Moreover, the perceived stress levels of students who knew which institution to contact with a suspected COVID-19 patient were found to be significantly lower than those who did not know (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was determined that taking preventive measures in clinical practices was effective on students' perceived stress levels. Besides, it was observed that the perceived stress level of the students differed according to gender and grade level.
ASSESSMENT OF YOUTUBE™ VIDEOS AS A PARENT INFORMATION SOURCE FOR TEETHING SYMPTOMS
Authors: GÜÇYETMEZ TOPAL Burcu , TIRAŞ Melike , TANRIKULU Ayşenur
Published: March 2022

Objectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of information provided by YouTube™ for parents searching information about teething symptoms. Material-Methods:To simulate access to information from the parents’ perspective, the terms "teething symptoms and teething signs" were searched on YouTube™. To obtain a total of 60 acceptable videos, a total of 100 videos were screened. Irrelevant videos, advertisements, non-English videos, duplicates, videos lasted greater than 15 min were excluded. General video assessment included ownership, video age, number of comments, purpose and references. Local and systemic symptoms of teething, duration of teething, and treatment options were also examined in the videos. Global Quality Scale(GQS), DISCERN, viewers’ interaction, and viewing rate were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Version 26. Results:Sixty three videos were included. The videos had a mean video interaction index of 1.36±3.39. The mean viewing rate was 6915±18125 with a range of 0.7 to 115498. The mean score for GQS was 2.98±1.1, for DISCERN was 1.03±0.89. The mean DISCERN score of layperson was lesser than healthcare professionals (p<0.05). Local symptoms were mentioned in 85.7% of the videos and systemic symptoms in 58.7% of them. Treatments were mentioned in 61.9% of the videos. Conclusions: The quality of information about teething symptoms on YouTube™ was variable, but the quality of videos from laypersons was particularly poor. Reliable YouTube™ videos published by childhealth professionals will be a good resource, especially for parents who cannot reach health institutions due to various reasons such as pandemic.
A retrospective evaluation of bifid mandibular canal prevalence of Southeastern Anatolia population by cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: GÜNEŞ Nedim , GÜLER Rıdvan , DEMİRCAN AĞIN Hatice , DÜNDAR Serkan , ERATİLLA Veysel
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Bifid mandibular canal (BMC) is often detected incidentally on radiological examination and can be observed in unilateral or bilateral forms. The correct localization of the BMC plays an important role in the prevention of complications such as paresthesia, anesthesia, bleeding, traumatic neuroma, which may occur during or after surgical operations on the mandible such as sagittal split ramus osteotomy, impacted third molar tooth extraction, and dental implant surgery. Objective: This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal (BMC) in the Southeastern Anatolian population via Conical Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Material and Method: In this retrospective study, CBCT images of 615 patients, who applied to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Faculty of Dentistry at Dicle University, Turkey, for various reasons from 2015 to 2020, is evaluated and cases with bifid mandibular canals are examined. The prevalence evaluation is conducted by statistical analyses in terms of sex and laterality. Results: According to the analyses, the BMC prevalence did not constitute a significant difference in terms of the age variable (p>0.05). The incidence of unilateral BMC was higher than bilateral BMC (p<0.05; p=0.016). Additionally, the prevalence of BMC was higher in males compared to females (p<0.05; p=0.008). Conclusion: BMC, which can be detected more easily and frequently via CBCT technology, is an anatomical formation that should be taken into account during oral and maxillofacial practices.
BLENDED LEARNING IN DENTAL EDUCATION
Authors: BHAT Supriya , MADİ Medhini
Published: March 2022

The Dental education sector has witnessed a lot of innovations in the past decade. Technology has played an important role in achieving this revolution such that the student can pursue the learning process at any given time and place beyond the geographical limits. The most frequently used approach is the concept of blended learning, which is an amalgamation of face-to-face and online modes of education. Thus its role in ensuring the learning process to students all over the world despite the COVID 19 pandemic is innumerable. Hence, this review was conducted to explore how different dentistry fields have adopted this approach as a useful tool to impart dental education. The PUBMED database was used to retrieve the articles about the same using the search terms “Blended Learning” AND “dental education”. The majority of the studies showed a positive response and a higher level of satisfaction in comparison to conventional teaching. However, certain studies also indicated no significant improvement in knowledge compared to conventional methods. Conventional methods will definitely continue to be the mainstay as certain themes cannot be dealt with otherwise. In such cases, blending online as well as traditional methods would give beneficial results while preserving the feel of the live personal interaction.
Risk Factors Associated with Periodontal Diseases among Yemeni Adult Patients
Authors: AMRAN Abdullah , ALHAJJ Mohammed , ARİFFİN Zaihan , JOHARİ Yanti , AL-SOSWA Abeer , ABDULGHANİ Ehab , ALMEKHLAFİ Osamah
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the possible risk factors associated with periodontal diseases among adult dental patients in Yemen. Methods: The study population comprised of 805 patients attending the teaching dental hospital in Dhamar city, Yemen. The first part of investigation was interview including age, gender, systemic diseases, pregnancy (for women), as well as tooth brushing, smoking, and Qat chewing habits and dentist interval visits. The second part was clinical examination including the periodontal parameters. Data were analyzed and presented in terms frequencies and percentages or means and standard deviations, as appropriate. Chi-squared test was used for associations and Mann-Whitney U test was used for differences. Regression analysis was utilized for the determinants of the periodontal disease. A P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The bivariate analyses revealed significant differences (P< 0.05) between the independent variables (proposed risk factors) groups in relation to the periodontal parameters except for systemic disease in relation to GI and BI, visiting dentist in relation to CI, BI, and GR, and pregnancy in relation to PI, GI, CI, and BI (P> 0.05). The regression analyses revealed that the age, smoking, and brushing teeth are significant (P< 0.05) determinants for all periodontal parameters. Whereas, systemic disease was a significant determinant for GR, and sex for BI. Conclusions: Age, brushing teeth and smoking are the significant determinants of periodontal health. Education about the side effects of bad habits as well as maintaining good oral hygiene should be implemented.
Morphometric analysis of mandibular notch in dry human mandibles- A surgeon's guide to the masseteric nerve block
Authors: A Priyadarshini , JYOTHI Ashok Kumar , BALAJİ Thotakura , K Prabhu , GNANASUNDARAM Vaithianathan
Published: March 2022

Background: The mandibular notch allows passage of masseteric vessels and nerve to the deep aspect of the masseteric muscle. The existing data gives a fairer idea in locating the masseteric nerve but does not consider much of the various shapes and sizes of the masseteric notch into account. Hence the present study analyses the various size and shapes and depths of the mandibular notch to achieve a more accurate method for masseteric nerve block. Thus, this investigation intends to examine the morphology and morphometry of mandibular notch in the mandibles of the South Indian people. Methods: The morphometric parameters of the mandibular notch were examined in 102 dry mandibles of the peoples of South Indian. The morphometric parameters were estimated by a digital vernier caliper and data was analyzed statistically. Results: The results of this study showed a round-shaped mandibular notch to be the most frequent type on the right side (43.1%) whereas it was 25.5% on the left side. The length and depth from gonion to notch showed a substantial variance between right and left bone (p=0.41), (p= 0.43) respectively, but with respect to width of the notch no significant difference was observed. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that population specific and side-specific variations may be present in the mandibular notch measurements. Knowledge on variations in incisura mandibularis is of significance in maxillofacial surgeries and reconstructive operations. Keywords: Mandibular notch, masseteric vessels, masseteric nerve block, morphometry
Editorial: 25 años de Estudios de Economía y Empresa en la UOC: reflexiones en clave de futuro, más allá de la universidad
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Martínez Argüelles Mª Jesús , Gomis Joan Miquel
Published: March 2022

En 1994 se ponía en marcha la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), y sus Estudios de Economía y Empresa también lo hacían con un primer grupo de 100 estudiantes en la diplomatura de Ciencias Empresariales. Representó un hito histórico para una institución que se ha convertido en un referente internacional en formación online. Lo es por ser pionera en este ámbito incorporando desde el primer día en su ADN conceptos como las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), la innovación o la digitalización para acercar al máximo, eliminando barreras hasta entonces existentes, el conocimiento universitario a las personas, que son el centro de su actividad.
Evolución de la logística: pasado, presente y futuro
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Viu Roig Marta , Castillo Cristian
Published: March 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar la evolución de la función logística en tres contextos distintos: pasado, presente y futuro. Viendo dónde empezó el concepto de logística y hasta dónde ha llegado en la actualidad, se pueden entender y anticipar mejor las tendencias y los retos logísticos del futuro. Vivimos una época donde la digitalización aumenta a un ritmo frenético, lo que permite obtener más datos, más transparencia, mayor capacidad de anticipar los cambios y una mayor automatización de los procesos. Además, la crisis sanitaria provocada por la COVID-19 no ha hecho más que acelerar el uso de dispositivos electrónicos y herramientas online, como demuestran las cifras de incremento del e-commerce de los dos últimos años. Sin embargo, la pandemia también ha puesto de relieve la necesidad de repensar el modelo logístico actual. Aspectos como la globalización, la sostenibilidad, la resiliencia o la seguridad a lo largo de toda la cadena de suministro están en entredicho. En este contexto cambiante, las habilidades y las competencias de los profesionales de la logística sin duda marcarán el éxito futuro.
ASSESSMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CERAMIC WASTE AS A SUBSTITUTE TO CONCRETE CONSTITUENTS – A REVIEW
Authors: Harkishan Joshi Parth , Parekh Divyakumar N. ,   Gujarat Technological University (India)
Published: March 2022

Due to high consumption of concrete constituents namely, natural aggregates and cement, their de-pletion is observed globally. Over the years, many researchers have come up with alternatives to these basic constituents of concrete. Ceramic waste (CW) generated from ceramic industries (indus-tries producing tiles, sanitaryware, ceramic refractories, ceramic insulators, ceramic crockery) have not found any reuse and is deposited as landfills, which further increases land pollution and also give rise to health issues. The CW can be easily grinded as per required size, which have interested many researchers to use it in the production of concrete. Till date CW has been used as partial re-placement to cement, fine aggregates and coarse aggregates. This review paper discusses the poten-tial of CW as replacement to concrete constituents in the production of concrete and its effect on mechanical and durability properties. The literature review is carried in three parts – review on use of CW to replace cement, fine aggregates and coarse aggregate. The study shows different research-es using different sources of CW having varied properties being used as partial replacement. The effect of replacement on concrete strength and durability is reported
Releasing Two Important Insect Predators to Control of Aphids under Open-field and Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Ahmed Gesraha Mohamed , Ebeid Amany Ramadan
Published: March 2022

Background: Aphids are noxious and serious persistent insect pests in the open-fields and greenhouses worldwide. Many entomologists have studied the possibility of aphid control by applying ladybirds and green lacewings at different releasing rates either under open-field or under greenhouse conditions.

Study period: All experiments were conducted within June-July 2018 in two different fields.

Methodology: Releasing ladybird in open field and under greenhouse condition in the rates of 1:50, 1:100, and 1:200 (predator: aphid) to control aphid infestation. In addition, releasing lacewings in rates of 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20 (predator: aphid) to control aphis in open fields

Results: The outcome data clarified that releasing 3rd instar larvae of Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus at the rate of 1 larva:50 aphid was more effective than 1:100 or 1:200 rates for controlling Aphis gossypii Glover population in Okra field; achieving more than 90% reduction in the aphid population within 15 days. Under the greenhouse conditions, releasing ladybird adults at 3 successive rates (200, 100 & 50 adults) for every 150 plants induced a significant reduction in Aphis fabae Scopoli,1763 infesting soybean; gaining 89.47% reduction within 2 weeks.

When Chrysoperla carnea Stephens 2nd instar larvae were released at rates of 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20 (predator: aphid), it was noticed that the first-rate was the most effective one, inducing 98.93% reduction in aphid’s population; while the two other rates gave less reduction. Additionally, in the case of double releases of the same species, reduction percentage at the rate of 1:5 reached 99.63%, which emphasizes that it was the most effective ratio. The other rates induced 97.05 and 95.64% reduction. Generally, a double release was more effective in all tested rates than the single one, because of the cumulative existence of the predators in large numbers at the same period of the experiment.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that utilizing insect predators (Coccinella undecimpunctata and/or Chrysoperla carnea) at an early larval stage or C. undecimpunctata as newly emerged adults were sufficient to reduce the aphids’ populations, both under open fields and greenhouses conditions.
Impact of Different Approaches of Nutrient Recommendations for Aerobic on Soil Fertility of Alfisols of Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Authors: Bhavya N. , Basavaraja P. K.
Published: March 2022

A field experiment to study the impact of different approaches of nutrient recommendations for aerobic on soil fertility of Alfisols of Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka was conducted during Kharif 2020 at Zonal Agricultural Research Station (ZARS), GKVK, Bengaluru. The experiment was laid out in RCBD comprising twelve treatments replicated thrice. The results revealed that significantly higher grain yield (68.85 q ha-1) was recorded in treatment receiving fertilizer nutrients based on Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) inorganic approach for the targeted yield of 65 q ha-1 based on predicted soil test values which was superior compared to Low-Medium-High (LMH) approach and Blanket recommendation The higher post- harvest soil available nutrient status was registered in STCR integrated approach based on predicted soil test values compared to package of practice and LMH approach.
Perception of Junior Doctors and Nurses towards the COVID-19 Disease in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India- A Questionnaire Based Study
Authors: Gupta Puneeta , Raina Rohit , Majid Yasir , Mir Khushboo , Gupta Anil K.
Published: March 2022

Background: Resident or junior doctors and nursing staff make up the backbone of any public health care facility more so in cases of centers affiliated to teaching hospitals. Resident physicians have the most prolonged contact with patients as they represent the first communication interface between the attending physician and the patient. Similarly, the nursing staff has a critical role in patient care. Therefore, to minimize the morbidity and mortality due to Covid-19, it is important to be fully informed and compliant with measures to contain Covid-19.

Objectives: To assess the perception of the junior doctors and nurses regarding the various aspects of Covid-19 disease.

Methods: A preformed structured questionnaire with closed end questions was sent to the study subjects using the electronic media. In this study, questionnaire was sent to the convenient sample of 250 persons (100 junior doctors or residents and 150 nurses) working in the clinical departments of the hospital, from July 20 to 27th, 2020. This questionnaire was prepared after literature reviews based on information collected from CDC Atlanta, and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), New Delhi and consisted of three sections: the demographic data, the knowledge and practices sections. The data were collected through anonymous, self-rated questionnaire that was distributed to all participants over the internet (WhatsApp and email).

Results- The questionnaire was sent to 250 persons (100 junior doctors and 150 nurses)  working in the clinical departments of the  hospital, out of which,139 responded comprising 58 (41.73%)    junior doctors and 81 (58.27%) nurses. Overall, 79.14% (n= 110) had sufficient knowledge regarding the disease and majority (94.96%) was   practicing safe measures. In univariate logistic regression analysis of various variables with knowledge, the qualification was only variable which was found to be more significantly associated as far as knowledge and practices were concerned (junior doctors as compared to nursing staff).

 Conclusion- Adequate knowledge apart from defining day to day behavior of health care workers, also prepares them for coping strategies in cases of crisis in critical situation like the our world is experiencing now.
Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Cancers - A Brief Review
Authors: Jayanthi P. , Selvaraj J. , Krishnasree R. J. , Varun B. R. , Rathy R.
Published: March 2022

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) is a crucial process in embryogenesis, however it also plays an important role in pathologies including inflammation, wound healing and cancer. EMT is a determining step in cancer metastasis as tumour cells utilise the process of EMT for invasion, migration and colonization at distant sites. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine belonging to the TGF-β super family of growth and  differentiation factors secreted by immune, non-hematopoietic and tumour cells. Three TGF-β isoforms, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 are recognized in mammals. TGF-β induced signalling pathways remains the most prominent among other pathways inducing EMT. The TGF-β induced signaling pathways are inducted in all three types of EMT including the physiological embryogenesis process and pathological process such as wound healing and tumorogenesis. TGF-β acts via the SMAD and Non-SMAD pathways and plays major roles in tumour infiltration and metastasis. This article aims to briefly review the role of TGF- β induced signalling pathways and its role in tumour progression in human cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Sciatica and Urinary Incontinence – Longitudinal for 12 Weeks Evidenced Research with Physiotherapy
Authors: Subramanian S. S.
Published: March 2022

Low back ache (LBA) with sciatica can be associated with urinary incontinence among geriatric subjects while the patient was functionally rehabilitated in 12 weeks duration, nocturia persists various means of core strengthening exercises were adopted. Previous habits such as smoking, alcohol, ageing, sedentary life style, Benign prostate Hypertrophy (BPH), atrophy of pelvic floor could probably be the factors as evidenced. This research carries physiotherapist challenging role in a patient with LBA and urinary incontinence in one year regular physiotherapy care among a patient; outcome were discussed with due research support. Findings of this study with how much a subject can benefit having sciatica and urinary incontinence also points at where further studies can be continued.
The Mixture Aqueous Extracts from Oxalis corniculata L. and Acmella caulirhiza Delile Accelerates Bone Healing in Fractured Rats
Authors: Ngueguim Florence Tsofack , Jouonzo Josiane , Donfack Jean Hubert , Gounoue Raceline Kamkumo , Djientcheu Jean Philippe , Djouwoug Clarice Noussi , Ngapout Fifen Rodrigue , Djomeni Dzeufiet Paul Desire , Dimo Théophile
Published: March 2022

Background: Bone fracture is a condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone due to traumatic or pathological factors. Fracture management includes orthopedic, surgical, non-surgical techniques and drug treatments. However, these treatments possess a limitation. Facilitating bone healing process reduce the cost, the time of treatment and is also beneficial for a quick recovery of the patient. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the mixture aqueous extracts from Oxalis corniculata and Acmella caulirhiza on the bone formation.

Methodology: Wistar female rats were fractured using a drill machine by inserting a drill bit in the femur diaphysis. Fractured animals were subdivided into five groups. One group receiving palm oil, four groups receiving the mixture of plant extracts at the doses of 150, 300, 600 mg/kg or diclofenac at the dose of 357 mg/kg. Substances were given via percutaneous and oral routes for two weeks. At the end of the experimental period, bones were collected and homogenized for the evaluation of the following biochemical parameters: alkaline phosphatase (ALP); reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrites, superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1β and interleukin-6. Moreover, histomorphometry of the bone at the fracture site was realized.

Results: Percutaneous treatment with the plant extracts resulted in a significant increase of ALP activity (p<0.05) in fractured rats as compared to the control. The mixture extracts also alleviated the fracture-induced oxidative stress by increasing the concentrations of GSH and nitrites; SOD and catalase activities. Furthermore, the plant extracts improved deregulated cytokines observed in fractured bone. Histopathological examination showed a more pack-like structure  with a significant decrease in trabeculae number, trabecular interspace with the increase in the bone thickness.

Conclusion: The mixture aqueous extracts from Oxalis corniculata and Acmella caulirhiza possesses bone healing effect due to its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve the structure of the new bone formed.
Assessment of Patient’s Satisfaction about the Availability of Medicines at Hospital and Cost Affordability: A Study Protocol
Authors: Pariyal Priyanka S. , Jain Ahmindra , Gudhe Vandana
Published: March 2022

Background: Consumer satisfaction towards pharmacy services is an essential instrument for measuring the quality of pharmacy services offered to patients and the distribution of pharmacy care in hospitals. The obstacles to better health care services are inadequate access to quality drugs, high drug rates, poor education and lack of access to qualified health professional. Patients who are happy with the pharmaceutical provider are more likely to take medications properly and are less likely to replace health care providers. High quality of pharmaceutical service is required in order to sustain a consistent relationship with patient needs. This study aims to assess the patient’s satisfaction about the pharmacy services, availability of drugs/medicines and its cost affordability at AVBR Hospital Wardha.

Methodology: This will be a descriptive cross-sectional research conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. Patients will be randomly selected and structured questionnaire will be administered with patients and pharmacists. The collected data will be analysed with suitable statistical tests.

Results: Result will reflect the patient satisfaction level with pharmacy services provided at hospital pharmacy and retail pharmacy of AVBRH.

Conclusion: Conclusions will be drawn on careful analysis of results.
Prevalence of Joint Hypermobility in Adolescent Females
Authors: Dhankher Poonam , Yadav Joginder Singh , Devgan Ashish
Published: March 2022

The joint hypermobility syndrome is a condition that characterises joints that are mobile past the range expected for that particular joint. Hypermobility has a significant impact on quality of life of affected individuals. Hypermobile individuals may be more susceptible to musculoskeletal maladies and orthopaedic problems [1] like joint effusions, pain, joint subluxations [2] and alterations in joint proprioception. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of generalized joint hypermobility in school going adolescent females (13-18 years). A cross sectional observational study was undertaken with a sample size of 1827 adolescent females studying in schools of Haryana. Generalised joint hypermobility was assessed using a cut-off Beighton score of ≥5 in accordance with the 2017 International Classification of EDS criteria. Selective joint hypermobility was classified on scores from 1-4/9. Score 0/9 was taken as no hypermobility at all. Adolescent females in the age group of 13-18 years who were not injured were chosen as subjects because young females are more likely to have generalised joint hypermobility. The point prevalence of hypermobility was 28.51 percent whereas prevalence of selective joint mobility was 56.10 percent. 15.59% percent females were not hypermobile according to Beighton’s score in 13-18 year old females. In this population of youngsters, predominantly women, localized hypermobility was more frequent than generalized hypermobility. The fifth metacarpophalangeal joint is the most commonly affected joint, followed by thumb, elbow, spine and then knee joint. Left side showed more hypermobility than right side. Upper limb joints showed more hyper-mobility than lower limb joints and spine.
Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Activity of Eraippu Noi Chooranam (ENC)
Authors: Hazel A. M. Amala , Mahalakshmi V. , Patturayan R. , Meenakumari R.
Published: March 2022

Background: Every human race has its own traditional system of medicines. Siddha system of medicine is unique and ancient of its kind originating from Tamil Nadu in India. Siddha system could be considered as the crown of all the traditional arts of the ancient Tamil. Eraippu Noi Chooranam is a modified Siddha Poly Herbal formulation indicated for respiratory diseases in the text Siddha research pharmacopoeia. The indicated traditional claim enforced to evaluate its efficacy in the management of Bronchial asthma.

Aim and Objective: The aim of study is to evaluate the anti asthmatic activity of ENC in Bronchial asthma.

Materials and Methods: In the present study, aqueous extract of ENC was evaluated for its anti asthmatic activity using histamine induced bronchospasm, in guinea pig at different dose levels.

Results: The test drug ENC at all the three doses of 100,200,300 mg/kg p.o significantly (p<0.01) increased  the latent period of convulsions following exposure to histamine aerosol when compared to control. The percentage of protection by the standard drug was 82.8 % whereas the protection offered by ENC at 100,200 and 300 mg/kg was found to be 61.5%, 71.1% and 80% respectively. High dose of ENC offered highest protection which was comparable to standard.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that aqueous extract of ENC may be used in the management of asthma.
A Study on the Online Buying Behaviour of the Generation Y in india
Authors: Sharma Mrinmoyee
Published: March 2022

Online shopping is one of the fastest growing tools of e-commerce in this age of digitization. It has facilitated one click purchases that are convenient, fast and also provide customers with a wide range of products and varied purchase choices through a web of sellers. During online shopping, each customer looks for convenience, price benefits etc. The changes in the pattern of life of the people have led a someway to the expansion of online shopping. The study was an attempt to study the buying behaviour of the students of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. It also aims at finding the various factors that influence the students towards online shopping. The data for the study was collected from 120 respondents through a structured questionnaire from a randomly selected group of respondents. The study revealed that all the respondents were highly aware of the online shopping platforms and majority of the respondents preferred shopping online. It was also found that convenience, time saving, best deals in price, greater products variety were the major reasons which influenced the students to resort to online shopping.
SAMHSA updates guidance on methadone take‐home doses
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: March 2022

Almost two years after the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) allowed more flexible take‐home methadone doses for patients in opioid treatment programs (OTPs) (see DEA, SAMHSA relax OTP/OBOT regulations due to COVID‐19, ADAW March 23, 2020; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32664), the federal agency has issued updated guidance. OTPs are the only facilities allowed to dispense methadone for opioid use disorder (OUD).
Thermal Spray Coatings for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Interference Shielding: A Review and Future Challenges
Authors: Faisal Nadimul Haque , Ahmed Rehan , Sellami Nazmi , Prathuru Anil , Njuguna James , Venturi Federico , Hussain Tanvir , Nezhad Hamed Yazdani , Katiyar Nirmal Kumar , Goel Saurav , Upadhyaya Hari , Joshi Shrikant , Muhammad-Sukki Firdaus , Prabhu Radhakrishna , Mallick Tapas , Whittow Will , Kamnis Spyros
Published: March 2022

This review aims to consolidate scattered literature on thermally sprayed coatings with nonionizing electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption and shielding over specific wavelengths potentially useful in diverse applications (e.g., microwave to millimeter wave, solar selective, photocatalytic, interference shielding, thermal barrier‐heat/emissivity). Materials EM properties such as electric permittivity, magnetic permeability, electrical conductivity, and dielectric loss are critical due to which a material can respond to absorbed, reflected, transmitted, or may excite surface electromagnetic waves at frequencies typical of electromagnetic radiations. Thermal spraying is a standard industrial practice used for depositing coatings where the sprayed layer is formed by successive impact of fully or partially molten droplets/particles of a material exposed to high or moderate temperatures and velocities. However, as an emerging novel application of an existing thermal spray techniques, some special considerations are warranted for targeted development involving relevant characterization. Key potential research areas of development relating to material selection and coating fabrication strategies and their impact on existing practices in the field are identified. The study shows a research gap in the feedstock materials design and doping, and their complex selection covered by thermally sprayed coatings that can be critical to advancing applications exploiting their electromagnetic properties.
Plasmonic Nanostructure Engineering with Shadow Growth
Authors: Han Jang‐Hwan , Kim Doeun , Kim Juhwan , Kim Gyurin , Fischer Peer , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho
Published: March 2022

Physical shadow growth is a vacuum deposition technique that permits a wide variety of 3D‐shaped nanoparticles and structures to be fabricated from a large library of materials. Recent advances in the control of the shadow effect at the nanoscale expand the scope of nanomaterials from spherical nanoparticles to complex 3D shaped hybrid nanoparticles and structures. In particular, plasmonically active nanomaterials can be engineered in their shape and material composition so that they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Here, the recent progress in the development of shadow growth techniques to realize hybrid plasmonic nanomaterials is discussed. The review describes how fabrication permits the material response to be engineered and highlights novel functions. Potential fields of application with a focus on photonic devices, biomedical, and chiral spectroscopic applications are discussed.
Adaptive Biosensing and Neuromorphic Classification Based on an Ambipolar Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductor
Authors: Zhang Yanxi , van Doremaele Eveline R. W. , Ye Gang , Stevens Tim , Song Jun , Chiechi Ryan C. , van de Burgt Yoeri
Published: March 2022

Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) are central to bioelectronic applications such as biosensors, health‐monitoring devices, and neural interfaces, and have facilitated efficient next‐generation brain‐inspired computing and biohybrid systems. Despite these examples, smart and adaptive circuits that can locally process and optimize biosignals have not yet been realized. Here, a tunable sensing circuit is shown that can locally modulate biologically relevant signals like electromyograms (EMGs) and electrocardiograms (ECGs), that is based on a complementary logic inverter combined with a neuromorphic memory element, and that is constructed from a single polymer mixed conductor. It is demonstrated that a small neuromorphic array based on this material effects high classification accuracy in heartbeat anomaly detection. This high‐performance material allows for straightforward monolithic integration, which reduces fabrication complexity while also achieving high on/off ratios with excellent ambient p‐ and n‐type stability in transistor performance. This material opens a route toward simple and straightforward fabrication and integration of more sophisticated adaptive circuits for future smart bioelectronics.
Acoustofluidic Stimulation of Functional Immune Cells in a Microreactor
Authors: Kim Seunggyu , Nam Hyeono , Cha Beomseok , Park Jinsoo , Sung Hyung Jin , Jeon Jessie S.
Published: March 2022

The cytotoxic response of natural killer (NK) cells in a microreactor to surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is investigated, where the SAWs produce an acoustic streaming flow. The Rayleigh‐type SAWs form by an interdigital transducer propagated along the surface of a piezoelectric substrate in order to allow the dynamic stimulation of functional immune cells in a noncontact and rotor‐free manner. The developed acoustofluidic microreactor enables a dynamic cell culture to be set up in a miniaturized system while maintaining the performance of agitating media. The present SAW system creates acoustic streaming flow in the cylindrical microreactor and applies flow‐induced shear stress to the cells. The suspended NK cells are found to not be damaged by the SAW operation of the adjusted experimental setup. Suspended NK cell aggregates subjected to an SAW treatment show increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Simultaneously treating the NK cells with SAWs and protein kinase C activator enhances the lysosomal protein expressions of the cells and the cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against target tumor cells. These have important implications by showing that acoustically actuated system allows dynamic cell culture without cell damages and further alters cytotoxicity‐related cellular activities.
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Unprotected Unnatural α‐Amino Acid Derivatives by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Reductive Amination
Authors: Hu Le'an , Wang Yuan‐Zheng , Xu Lei , Yin Qin , Zhang Xumu
Published: March 2022

An unprecedented highly enantioselective Ru‐catalyzed direct asymmetric reductive amination of α‐keto amides with ammonium salts has been disclosed, efficiently offering valuable enantioenriched N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acid derivatives bearing a broad range of aryl or alkyl α‐substituents. This protocol features easily accessible substrates, good functional‐group tolerance and excellent enantiocontrol, making it a good complementary approach to the known methods. Moreover, this method is also applicable to the preparation of N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acid derivatives containing an additional stereogenic center at the β‐position through a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process. Convenient transformations of the obtained products into chiral N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acids, drug intermediates, peptides, and organocatalysts/ligands further showcase the utility of this method.
Decarbonylative Transfer Hydrochlorination of Alkenes and Alkynes Based on a B(C6F5)3‐Initiated Grob Fragmentation
Authors: Xie Kaixue , Oestreich Martin
Published: March 2022

Readily available cyclohexa‐2,5‐dien‐1‐ylcarbonyl chloride derivatives are introduced as bench‐stable HCl surrogates for transfer hydrochlorination of terminal and internal alkenes as well as selected alkynes. The stepwise Grob fragmentation of those acyl chlorides into chloride, carbon monoxide, a low‐molecular‐weight arene, and a proton is promoted by B(C6F5)3. This decarbonylative transfer process enables the addition of HCl across C−C double and triple bonds with Markovnikov selectivity at room temperature.
Dual epidural catheter technique to provide opioid‐free anaesthesia for an open abdominoperineal resection
Authors: le Roux J. J. , Wakabayashi K.
Published: March 2022

The peri‐operative analgesic management of patients undergoing major elective colorectal surgery has an impact on patient recovery. An approach that favours an opioid‐free strategy has demonstrated improved patient outcomes. Avoiding systemic opioids during and after abdominal surgery promotes early recovery of bowel function and early re‐initiation of oral intake, shortens hospital length of stay, minimises postoperative complications, and may improve long‐term outcomes. In this case report we describe an opioid‐free anaesthetic technique, in line with current Enhanced Recovery After Surgery recommendations, for a patient undergoing an open abdominoperineal resection who reported experiencing severe side‐effects to opioids in the past. Two epidural catheters were sited pre‐operatively at the interspaces between the ninth and tenth thoracic and third and fourth lumbar vertebrae respectively, and used intra‐ and postoperatively. The utilisation of two epidural catheters not only ensured complete peri‐operative analgesia, but also successfully attenuated the neuroendocrine stress response to surgery. The dual epidural catheter technique may be considered for extensive colorectal surgery when conventional opioid‐based anaesthetic techniques are contraindicated.
Retracted: Direct synthesis of 1‐naphthylamines enabled by 6‐endo‐dig cyclization strategy using copper catalysis
Authors: Ma Peng , Wang Jianhui , Liu Guiyan
Published: March 2022

Here, we describe a facile approach for the synthesis of substituted 1‐naphthylamines via three‐component 6‐endo‐dig cyclization of terminal alkynes with 2‐bromoaryl ketones, primary or secondary amines in water under Pd‐free conditions. The Cu(I) catalytic system avoids a fundamental problem related to these substrates, which competitively evolve through 5‐endo‐dig cyclization pathways under metal catalysis. This unique performance unlocks a rapid access to a diverse 1‐naphthylamines library that previously required longer synthetic routes. The synthetic potential of this method was further demonstrated by the gram‐scale synthesis, and the mechanism study showed that the reaction experienced sequential halide exchange, imine‐enamine tautomerization and 6‐endo‐dig cyclization.
Clinical Issues—April 2022
Authors: Wood Amber
Published: March 2022

THIS MONTH

Perioperative care of the patient with alpha‐gal syndrome

Key words: alpha‐gal syndrome (AGS), red meat allergy, allergic reaction, mammalian‐derived ingredients, gelatin.

Overnight storage of sterile supplies

Key words: sterile supplies, event‐related sterility, terminal cleaning, damp dusting, instrument table.

Unsterile medication cartridges

Key words: dental cartridge, local anesthesia, lidocaine, alcohol, sterile field.

Personnel traffic into the OR

Key words: OR traffic, door openings, airflow, environmental contamination, automatic doors.