bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a Suggested In-service Teacher Training Program Based on MALL Applications on Developing EFL Students' Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Kassem Mohamed Ali Mohamed
Published: March 2018

Recently, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has received much attention as a means to improve the performance of students in all language aspects. Learning vocabulary is not an exception as many applications have been designed to foster students' vocabulary acquisition. However, little attention has been paid to the preparation of teachers who should be aware of and competent in using such applications in order to attain the intended educational objectives. Consequently, the present study sought to train ten EFL secondary school teachers on the use of some MALL vocabulary applications and to investigate the effect of the teachers' use of such applications on their students' vocabulary acquisition. The training program entailed the use of four outstanding vocabulary learning applications: Quizlet, Digital Vocabulary Notebook, Digital Video Games and Online Dictionaries. A pre-post vocabulary test and an observation checklist were designed and implemented to measure the effect of the suggested training program. Results of the study indicated (1) the effectiveness of the suggested in-service teacher training program as teachers successfully integrated these applications in their vocabulary instruction and (2) a significant improvement in the students' vocabulary acquisition as a result of using MALL applications. It was recommended to provide teachers with an adequate training on the use of MALL technology to enable them to exploit the potentialities of such new applications and, eventually, to improve the students' vocabulary acquisition.
The Development of Writing Poetry Teaching Materials Based on Audiovisual Media of Fifth Grade Elementary School in Bone Regency
Authors: Rukayah Rukayah , Tolla Achmad , Ramly Ramly
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to create the teaching material prototype which is valid, practical, and effective used in learning, especially in writing poetry of fifth grade elementary school in Bone regency. This study uses research and development method. The development model used is the Four-D models that include the definition (define), design, development (develop), and dissemination (disseminate). The design measures used in research and development (R&D) is pretest-posttest design. The data collection techniques used are observation, questionnaires, interviews, tests, and documentation. The finding data analyzed using descriptive and quantitative approach. The research results are: (1) the teaching material developed is writing poetry teaching materials based on audiovisual media with a video format that packaged in the form of compact disks (CD) which is divided into four videos, (2) writing poetry teaching material based on audiovisual media is stated valid. The average aspect of content or material is 3.30 with valid category. The mean of presentation aspect of teaching material is 3.60 with very feasible category. The average aspect of graph is 3.71 categorized as very feasible, and the mean aspect of language is 3.66 with very feasible category, (3) writing poetry teaching materials based on audiovisual media is practical to use in learning to write poetry by 5th grade students in Bone regency. This is shown with a mean observation results of  learning implementation at 4.57 categorized as very practical and the mean observation of learning management with an average of 4.54 categorized as very practical, (4) writing poetry teaching materials based on audiovisual media effectively used in learning. It is demonstrated by the response of teachers, students and students' test result. The mean response of four teachers is 3.88 with very good category. Furthermore, out of 80 students, 73 or 91.25% of them responded well or very well. The test results show that after the students learn to use the developed teaching materials, there is an increasing mastery learning of 71.43%.
The Effect of Teacher’s Verbal Communication and Non-verbal Communication on Students’ English Achievement
Authors: Sutiyatno Sukris
Published: March 2018

The research aimed to reveal the effects of verbal communication and non-verbal communication on students’ English achievement of Informatics department of  STMIK Bina Patria Magelang, Central Java-Indonesia. The research employed a quantitative approach with survey research.The data was collected by using questionnaire and score of final English test.The data was analyzed by using regression. The results of the research, verbal communication gives a significant positive effect on the students’ English achievement. Non-verbal communication gives a significant positive effect on the students’ English achievement. Both verbal and nonverbal communication together give a significant effect on the students’ achievement. Based on the conclusion of research result which shows the significant role of verbal communication and nonverbal communication  in teaching and learning process, teachers need to maintain and develop effective communication in order to successfully transmit learning materials to students. One alternative to developing it is with a combination of the use of verbal and nonverbal communication.
Quaternion-Based Robust Satellite Attitude Tracking Control
Authors: Dasdemir JANSET
Published: March 2018

In this paper, a

nonlinear robust quaternion-based controller is developed to address the

three-axis attitude tracking control problem of rigid spacecraft in presence of

parametric uncertainties, unknown external disturbances and sensor noise. As a

first step, a robust controller is designed that compensates parametric

uncertainty and disturbance effects. The robust controller then reformulated to

deal also with sensor noise. Singularity free unit quaternions are used to

represent the attitude of the satellite in three-dimensional space. The

Lyapunov-based stability analysis is applied to prove that a uniformly

ultimately bounded tracking result is achieved. Simulation results are

presented to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed control strategy. 
Catechins decrease neurological severity score through apoptosis and neurotropic factor pathway in rat traumatic brain injury
Authors: Ratnawati Retty , Arofah Annisa Nurul , Novitasari Anastasia , Utami Sartika Dewi , Hariningsih Made Ayu , Rahayu Masruroh , Rianawati Sri Budhi , Purnomo Hari , Dalhar Mochammad
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDCatechins inhibits apoptosis through anti oxidant and anti inflamation pathway. Catechins also increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). There was a few research that explained the role of catechins in traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of catechins administration on neurologic severity score (NSS) through apoptosis and neurotropic pathway in traumatic brain injury rat model.METHODSA post test only controlled group design was performed using traumatic brain injury rat (Rattus novergicus) model through weight drop models. It was devided into negative control group, positive control group, TBI+catechins 513 mg/kgBW, TBI+catechins 926 mg/kgBW, TBI+catechins 1113 mg/kgBW. NSS was measured in the first hours, day three, and day seven. The expressions of NFkB, TNFa, Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 8, BDNF, and the numbers of apoptosis cells were evaluated by imunohistochemystry method. One way Anova and Kruskal Wwallis were used to analyse the data.Results TNFa, caspase 8, number of apoptosis cells were significantly decreased on the seventh day administration compared to the third day administration (p<0.05). Catechins increased the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and BDNF significantly (p<0.05). Yet, there were no significant differences between expression of caspase 3, NSS, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and BDNF toward third days administration of catechins compared with seven days administration (p>0.050).ConclusionsAdministration of catechins decreased NSS through inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, as well as induced the neurotrophic factors in rat brain injury. Catechins may serve as a potential intervention for TBI.
Imminent threat of antibiotic resistance and the importance of diagnostic and antibiotic stewardship
Authors: Yusuf Erlangga
Published: March 2018

Antibiotic is one of the hallmarks of modern medicine. Antibiotics have saved many lives that was unthinkable prior to the discovery of antibiotic. Yet, antibiotic use is associated with the danger of resistance of bacteria. Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics means simply that antibiotics cannot be used to treat infection, that a simple skin and soft tissue infection may lead to death. Already in 1945, when Alexander Flemming received his Nobel Prize in 1945 for his part in the discovery of penicillin, he delivered a speech where he warned about this danger 1. In his speech, he mentioned the problem of underdosage of antibiotics. As the time passed by, we know that the problem is not only related to underdosage but also to other aspects of inappropriate use of antibiotics such as unnecessary use (for example when the infection is due to a virus), and extended duration of antibiotics 2.
Hepatoprotective effect of red ginger rhizome extract in deep frying oil-fed male wistar rats
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Fachrial Edy , Harahap Urip , Delyuzar Delyuzar , Widyawati Tri , Lubis Lokot Donna
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a chronic liver disease associated with increased free fatty acids, trans fatty acids and free radical compounds due to the consumption of deep frying oil (DFO). Ginger has hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties, and acts as an insulin sensitizer. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of an ethanol extract of Zingiber officinale Roxb var rubrum (EEZO) in DFO-fed male Wistar rats.METHODSA study of experimental design was conducted involving 24 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) male Wistar rats that were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group K1 (control) was given DFO-3 (3 times heated DFO) at a dose of 10 ìl/g BW/day. The treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) were given DFO-3 and red ginger rhizome extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW orally for 30 days. The histopathology examination assessed fatty degeneration, and degree of fibrosis. The data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-whitney test.RESULTS    The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that fatty degeneration (steatosis, lobular inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning and NASH) were significantly different among the four groups (p<0.05). Mann-Whitney test proved that fatty degeneration was not significantly different between control and treatment groups (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONDeep frying oil increased fatty degeneration and NASH, and none of red ginger rhizome extract doses was able to inhibit fatty degeneration significantly. For the future research it is intended to prolong the induction time and the administration of red ginger rhizome extract.
Intensive care management of organophosphorus poisoning patients: an experience from tertiary care centre
Authors: Nazima Syed Nazima , Bashir Yasir , Nabi Shakeeb , Bashir Nusrat
Published: March 2018

Background: Organophosphate (OP) insectide poisoning results from occupational, accidental and intentional exposure. The mortality rate of OP poisoning is high. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is often lifesaving.Methods: This study “Intensive care management of organophosphorous poisoning in Govt. medical college Srinagar (Sgr) hospital was a prospective one and was conducted over a period of two. All the patients with a provisional diagnosis of Organophosphorous poisoning who reported to the medical casualty and intensive care unit of SMHS hospital Sgr were included in this study.Results: Out of a total of 1258 Organophosphorous poisoning cases, males were (34.5%) and females were (65.5%). Suicidal mode of poisoning was most common in our patients and constituted 63.20%. Out of 254 Organophosphorous poisoned patients admitted in ICU, 184 survived and 70 expired. Therefore, mortality rate for Organophosphorous poisoned patients who needed mechanical ventilation was 27.55.Conclusions: OP poisoning is a serious problem in Kashmir Valley. Efforts should be directed towards rapid diagnosis and management of this condition. Additionally, close intensive monitoring of these patients for early recognition of respiratory failure which is one of the serious complication of OP poisoning with intensive care support will help in decreasing the mortality rate in these patients.
Study to assess the socio-demographic profile, health status and working conditions of auto-rickshaw drivers in Bhopal
Authors: Melwani Veena , Priya Angelin , Toppo Manju , Sethia Soumitra , Khan Amreen , Melwani Satish
Published: March 2018

Background: In India auto-rickshaws are main mode of public transport in urban and areas. Health has always been closely linked with occupation. Auto drivers are exposed to harmful environment like pollutant gases, continuous noise and whole-body vibration as well harmful lifestyle like irregularity of meals, bad posture while driving and stressful occupational conditions due to their working conditions. This study was undertaken to assess the socio-demographic profile, Health status and working conditions of auto-rickshaw drivers.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at 15 auto-rickshaw stands of Bhopal city. 20 auto-rickshaw drivers were selected from each stand. A pre designed questionnaire was used to obtain the details of auto-rickshaw drivers. The data was entered in Ms Excel and analysed using Epi info 7.Results: The mean age of study participants was 39.17±10.38 years. 25% of study participants were educated upto 10th std while 22% participants were illiterate. 40.33% of study participants were belonging to lower middle SES. Average no. of customers per day 7, average working hours 12, average income per day on busy day Rs. 420, average income per day on dull day Rs.101. 6.67% of study participants were hypertensive, 3.67% have diabetes while 1% have both HTN and diabetes.12% participants complained of Lacrimation while driving in day.Conclusions: Our study throws some light on working condition and health status of auto-rickshaw drivers. Addiction was common among study participants. There is need for creating awareness regarding health promotion and regular medical check-up.
Effect of triazavirine on the outcome of a lethal influenza infection and secondary bacterial pneumonia following influenza in mice
Authors: Leneva Irina A. , Falynskova Irina N. , Makhmudova Nailya R. , Glubokova Ekaterina A. , Kartashova Nadezhda P. , Leonova Eugenia I. , Mikhailova Natalya A. , Shestakova Irina V.
Published: March 2018

Pneumonia often occurs as secondary infection post influenza disease and accounts for a large proportion of the morbidity and mortality associated with seasonal and pandemic influenza outbreaks. The antiviral drug triazavirine is licensed in Russia for the treatment and prophylaxis of acute respiratory infections, including influenza A and B viruses. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of triazavirine in a mouse model of secondary Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia following A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus infection. We also performed a study of the efficacy of triazavirine against the A/California/04/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 lethal influenza infection in mice. In this model, triazavirine at the dose of 25 mg/kg/day significantly enhanced the survival of animals (60% compared to 20%) and the mean survival time to death, prevented weight loss, and reduced viral titer in the lungs of mice infected with influenza virus. At doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, triazavirine was highly effective in the treatment of the secondary bacterial pneumonia following influenza infection in mice. At these doses, triazavirine protected 67-75% of animals against death, increased the mean survival time to death by twofold, and reduced the virus titer by 2.2-3.0 log10TCID50/ml compared to the mice in the control group. These findings suggest the possible benefit of triazavirine treatment in reducing post influenza pneumonia incidence in humans.
A piachelyek 21. századi vonzáskörzete : A Balaton Kiemelt Üdülőkörzet esettanulmánya
Authors: Nezdei Csilla , Mohos Mária
Published: March 2018

A termékek iránti kereslet-kínálat többféle értékesítési csatornán keresztül érvényesül. A piachely mint közvetlen értékesítési pont jelentősége az ellátásilánc-hosszában, a termelő és fogyasztó közötti kapcsolatrendszer megteremtésében, a változatos területhasználatban jelentkezik. A tanulmány a piachelyek vonzáskörzeti alakulását, a befolyásoló tényezőket, valamint az agrárpolitikai szemlélet változását követi nyomon a Balaton Kiemelt Üdülőkörzetben. A szakirodalmi háttéranyagok, térségfejlesztési dokumentumok, piacműködtetőkkel készített interjúk, helyszíni megfigyelések és fotódokumentáció feltárja az értékesíthető termékcsoportok, a gazdasági, foglalkozási, közlekedési jellemzők és a kereskedelmi csatornák befolyását a piacokra. A piachelyek ma a termelői bevételek emelését és a helyi gazdaságfejlesztést egyaránt szolgálják, míg a termelői körzetek térbeli elemzése a jogi keretek gyakorlati megvalósulását szemlélteti. A piacok társadalmi legitimációja sokoldalú megújulást jelenthet a fenntartható település- és vidékfejlesztés számára.
A zöld turizmus fejlesztési kérdései Magyarországon
Authors: Káposzta József , Nagy Henrietta , Csehné Papp Imola
Published: March 2018

A zöldturizmusnak/ökoturizmusnak mind a mai napig számos értelmezése van. Definiálásában nincs konszenzus a turisztikai szakirodalomban, mivel olyan turisztikai aktivitásokat foglal magában, amelyek átfedik a természeti-, kulturális-, aktív-, és falusi turizmus területeit, de akár városlátogatásban is szerepet kaphatnak (Drumm, 2005). A Nemzetközi Ökoturizmus Társaság (International Ecotourism Society, TIES) által megfogalmazott definíció szerint az ökoturizmus „a természeti területek felelős módon történő felkeresése, ami megőrzi a környezetet és hozzájárul a helyi lakosság jóllétének fejlődéséhez”. Fejlődésének az 1980-1990-es évek adtak lendületet, amikor is a (tömeg)turizmus negatív hatásainak enyhítését célul kitűző ökoturizmus azt kívánta demonstrálni, hogyan segíthet a turizmus a természeti környezet megőrzésében és a helyi lakosság jóllétének növelésében. Ennek megfelelően az ökoturizmus értelmezése mind a mai napig magában foglalja a szűkebb értelemben vett turisztikai terméket és a környezeti tényezőket figyelembe vevő, az utazást meghatározó „filozófiát”. Tanulmányunk, ezen tényezők egyes összefüggéseinek kérdőíves vizsgálati eredményeit, azok összefüggéseit igyekszik bemutatni, elsősorban azt a képzés oldaláról megközelítve.
Smart települési modellek vizsgálata nemzetközi és hazai kezdeményezések alapján, avagy mi lehet a minta a periférián?
Authors: Káposzta József , Némediné Kollár Kitti
Published: March 2018

Az Európai Unió, illetve a hazai területi folyamatok is azt mutatják napjainkban, hogy a városias (urbánus) jellegű területek szerepe felértékelődik, hiszen a városi jellegű területek adják a gazdasági növekedés motorját (Káposzta et al., 2016). A Föld egészét tekintve a városlakók aránya 2017-ben meghaladja a Föld jelenlegi népességének felét, amely arány (előzetes becslések alapján) a jövőt tekintve feltehetően emelkedni fog. Ezen folyamattal párhuzamosan fontos a vidék népességmegtartó képességét elősegítő gazdasági, társadalmi tevékenységek vizsgálata is, melynek alapot adhat a napjainkban megjelenő ,,okos falu” koncepció. Jelen tanulmányban röviden bemutatjuk a hazai hátrányos helyzetű térségek lehatárolásának jogszabályi változásait, illetve a SMART Village fogalmának kialakulását és alkalmazásának elterjedését hazánkban, különös tekintettel a hátrányos helyzetű vidéki térségekben való alkalmazásra. Általánosságban elmondható, hogy a SMART alkalmazások a nemzetközi gyakorlatban egyre inkább terjedő tendenciát mutatnak a városi és a rurális jellegű térségekben egyaránt. 2017-ben a rurális jellegű példák főként még Németországban és Finnországban jellemzők, azonban néhány gyakorlati példa már megjelent a hazai vidéki területeken is.
A mezőgazdaság mint endogén erőforrás szerepe a helyi fejlesztésben Bátya példáján keresztül
Authors: Ritter Krisztián , Áldorfainé Czabadai Lilla , Áldorfai György
Published: March 2018

Az endogén erőforrások szerepét a vidékfejlesztésben régóta hangsúlyozza a szakirodalom. Egy falukutató tábor keretén belül a mezőgazdaságnak, mint endogén erőforrásnak a szerepét vizsgáltuk egy hagyományos agrár település, a Kalocsa melletti Bátya esetében, különös tekintettel a foglalkoztatásra, illetve a helyi termék-előállításra. A falu történetében a zöldség - közte a fűszer-paprika - termesztés kiemelkedő. A primer kutatás eredményei alapján, a mezőgazdaság foglalkoztatási szerepkörének általános visszaesése ellenére is, az ágazat (benne a paprika termesztés) még mindig kimutatható hatással van a település életére, és potenciállal rendelkezik a helyi fejlesztések tekintetében. Ugyanakkor a fiatalabb generáció agráriumtól való elfordulásának köszönhetően kérdéses, hogy a jelenlegi endogén versenyelőnyét mennyi ideig tudja fenntartani Bátya.
The church as a social enterprise: A strategy for economic development
Authors: Mabwe Linda , Dimingu Caroline , Siyawamwaya Fairchild
Published: March 2018

This article aims at establishing the role played by the church in sustainable development of Zimbabwe during a period of prolonged economic meltdown.  It compares and contrasts the role of the missionaries’ church and the modern day church in Africa and whether the church has not deviated from its main reason of existence. The study recognises the role the church is playing in today’s economy and how the society and governments can optimise on its influence in various sectors. The article adopted the framework that was established by the European Economic and Social Committee in defining a social enterprise in their research on EESC recommendations on Social Enterprises (European Union: European Economic and Social Committee, 2014). A descriptive research design approach was used and both mainline and Pentecostal churches were used to draw on the conclusions. This research design heavily relied on secondary data gathered through literature review. The study concludes that churches are playing a significant role in developing the soicieties in which they are established hence contributing towards economic development. The study recommends the need for churches to identify areas of importance  in the economy, such as the manufacturing industry, so that they channel resources towards establishing enterprises that improve the nation’s Gross Domestic Product. Furthermore, the Zimbabwean government should provide special incentives for church run establishments to promote their operations. The study did not cover all churches hence the findings must be viewed in context and the conclusions were derived from the evidence gathered.
Determinants of Gender Willingness to Participate in Co-Management of Ecotorism Resources: The Case of Kisumu County
Authors: Mogoria Naomi Apali , Olima Prof. Washington H. A.
Published: March 2018

Gender is one of the integral aspects that emerge in environmental resource management for ecotourism planning amongst various players. There are hardly any gender studies that have been carried out in Kisumu to consider the significance differences of gender division of roles within the community towards ecotourism as an important component of environmental resource management. The glaring gap that has emerged from these studies is gender equity framework for men and women to carry out environmental activities has either been left out, or minimally considered. This study’s objective was to examine differences in willingness of men and women to participate in environment based ecotourism activities in Kisumu County. The study was a qualitative study that used case study design. The study was conducted in Kisumu County, the sample are adeduced through purposive. Purposive sampling was also used to identify key informants. Data was collected using key informant interviews, Focus Group Discussions, direct participant observation and review of secondary sources. Data analysis methods used were, Content Analysis and Force Field Analysis. The study findings revealed that there are intervening variables identified as Force Fields, which are external determinant factors that either catalyzed or impeded willingness to participate in ecotourism activities by men and women. Key recommendations of this study were: to enhance gender participation, there was need for: induction and targeted training modules; convene gender responsive meetings; skill enhancement training to reduce language barrier; exposure tours; gender needs- based financial and budgeting capacity building; strategize ecotourism as a top-notch income source and forge global-wide strategic networks and Private Public Partnerships (PPP)
Study the Acute & Sub Acute Toxicity of Ricinus cummunis Lnn. Ethanol Extract of Seed in Albino Mice
Authors: AL-Jborrey Manal H. , Altaie Muastafa A. K. , Al-Shahwany Ayyad W.
Published: March 2018

Background: Toxicity still a global problem for the environment, agriculture and ultimately human health.

Objective: In this study attempt to investigate the toxicological profile of the ethanol, extract of Ricinus cummunis after acute and sub-chronic administration to mice.

Methods: In the acute toxicity study, a single administration of the extract at doses of 1000,2000,3000,4000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively, was gave orally. Mice were observed for general behavioral changes, adverse effects and mortality up to 10 days post-treatment. In sub-acute toxicity studies, herbal extract was gave orally to mice at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg for 10 days.

Results: In the acute toxicity study, the mortality appeared in 2000 mg/kg and LD50 were calculated at 1100 mg/kg. In the sub-chronic toxicity the study show significant differences in body weight between the control and treated groups (p < 0.05). Histopathology of vital organ (liver & kidney) show morphological changes.

Conclusions: These results demonstrate the real toxic effect of the ethanolic extract after single dose. The LD50 value is 1100 mg/kg and research indicates that successive use of the seed at the dose above (2 g/kg in human) daily for long period may cause toxic signs.

Highlights: The Ricinus communis oil's has wide variety of industrial applications: as a drying oil for paints, varnishes, plastics and resins is an ingredient in numerous cosmetics. But it need to toxicity study as acute and sub-acute with observation of hematological and histopathological to be more safety  for used.
The Production of Key Chain Kaugaci (Keychain Cardboard) As A Development Effort Of Psychomotor Skills In Higher Education
Authors: Puji Rully Putri Nirmala , Tholib Abu , Kuswanto Beki Febri , Firmansyah Muhammad Reza , Syamsul Achmad
Published: March 2018

Creativity is one of indicators in assessing learners’ competence and personality. Innovation skill and capability are expected to be developed continuously by learners in their learning environment. KAUGACI production was a keychain product by utilizing used goods in the form of cardboard, and it was developed by students of history education of Jember University. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of products in improving students’ psychomotor skills in the university level. 100 respondents with demographic profiles based on gender and entrepreneurial experience were taken as the research participants. The findings showed that KAUGACI products had high effectiveness and productivity that gave impact to the students’ skills development.
O direito do doador de material genético de ter reconhecida a filiação biológica, à luz do Provimento nº 52 da Corregedoria Nacional de Justiça
Authors: Norões Mariane Paiva , Pereira Júnior Antonio Jorge , Saboia Jéssica Ramos
Published: March 2018

Este artigo tem o escopo de verificar a possibilidade jurídica de o doador de material genético de ter reconhecida a filiação biológica, a partir do Provimento nº 52 da Corregedoria Nacional de Justiça, que vedou o anonimato do doador de gametas feminino e masculino no Brasil. A metodologia utilizada foi a investigação do tipo documental-bibliográfica, com pesquisa pura de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória quanto aos objetivos. A controvérsia gira em torno de uma aparente colisão entre os direitos fundamentais ao anonimato do doador de material genético e à identidade genética da pessoa concebida por reprodução humana assistida heteróloga.
Judicialização da medicina: diálogos entre os poderes médico e judiciário
Authors: Vasconcelos Camila
Published: March 2018

Trata-se de escrita teórica que partiu da premissa de judicialização na relação médico-paciente como perspectiva litigante excessiva, apontando uma substituição de poderes tendo em vista uma possível falência no âmbito dialógico entre os sujeitos, conforme a noção sponvilliana de poder. Para tanto, abordou os sistemas de dominação foucaultianos em diálogo com outros autores, identificando contextos de pacientes e, ainda, de médicos como sujeitos também passíveis de identificarem-se com o âmbito de menor poder, quando em perspectivas institucionais e judicantes. Concluiu pela verificação da apontada falência dialógica, concretizada pela manutenção dos sistemas de dominação e agravada pela dificultosa realização de direitos fundamentais na prática cotidiana, compreendendo que o poder médico vive, neste momento, uma discussão sobre a sua necessária relativização e simetria diante do início do desenvolvimento de um novo poder. Assim, a judicialização apresentou-se efetivamente como a materialização dos conflitos provenientes da assimetria na relação, sendo necessário um diálogo adequado ao esclarecimento e à absorção de informações prévias à conduta médica responsável.
Análisis didáctico de las intervenciones de los docentes en los foros de discusión en cursos de postgrado en modalidad a distancia
Authors: Mazzotti Wellington
Published: March 2018

Este artículo refiere a un estudio sobre la participación de docentes y alumnos en foros de discusión en cursos de postgrado realizados en modalidad a distancia. Se analizaron las intervenciones de los docentes y alumnos en dos aspectos: a) cantidad y frecuencia de las intervenciones de los docentes y el impacto que éstas produjeron en la dinámica comunicacional del grupo virtual y b) modos de intervención de los docentes en los foros. De las observaciones realizadas se puede establecer que existe una relación directa entre la propuesta de intervención del docente que dirige el foro y el patrón comunicacional del grupo virtual. Un docente que despliega un abanico de estrategias de intervención y una activa participación en el foro provoca una gran interactividad entre los participantes del grupo virtual. Por el contrario, una pobre intervención en calidad y cantidad por parte del docente produce poca participación de los alumnos con aportes de escasa significación. Se describen aquí los modos de intervención, técnicas y estrategias utilizadas por los docentes para animar los foros de discusión.
Comunidad, organización y profesores. Estudio de un liceo rural
Authors: Ocaño Joni R.
Published: March 2018

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de caso que aborda las relaciones entre organización, profesores y comunidad circundante en un liceo rural que hunde sus raíces en la historia comunitaria. Allí las dinámicas de la organización -instituidas por los profesores más antiguos-, conforman el escenario donde se crean y recrean las prácticas y creencias de los docentes. Estas dinámicas generan una trama compleja de relaciones y de prácticas que se mantienen y desarrollan alrededor de "los guardianes", modalidad de trabajo que constituye el aspecto central del funcionamiento liceal. Las distintas ubicaciones de los profesores en ese contexto permiten proponer una clasificación primaria: "progenitores", "adoptantes" y "cohabitantes". Estas posiciones, las estructuras que prosperan con ellas, y sus consecuentes prácticas representan distintas racionalidades que se las ve en conflicto y a la vez como matriz del surgimiento de nuevas prácticas.
Labor Supply Elasticity in the Unconditional Basic Income System: Data Sources and Methodological Issues
Authors: Specianova Jitka
Published: March 2018

This study deals with five sources of data that may help to answer the question of how labor supply would respond to the introduction of unconditional basic income. Research of lottery winners’ labor supply and the results of field experiments, in which the behavior of households who have received a regular unconditional income for a limited time period was observed and is then investigated and discussed. Results of the laboratory experiment, the estimates of microsimulation models, and the results of the opinion polls are also examined. The surveyed data sources show mainly a slight decline in labor supply. However, none of these data were collected in situations that would fully correspond with the expected conditions of decision-making that would occur with the basic income. Any results derived from them therefore need to be considered with caution.
The Political Economy of Global Agriculture: Effects on Agriculture, Farmers, Consumers and Economic Growth
Authors: Dastagiri M.B. , Vajrala Anjani Sneha
Published: March 2018

International political economy deals with mutual interaction of international politics and international economics. The ever-changing political scenarios, be it right-wing or left-wing, agriculture in particular has been neglected. The main focus of the paper is to study the effects of political economy on agriculture, farmers, consumer welfare and economic growth. The data on indicators collected from FAO,World Bank, IMF, UNDES, WEF, OECD, CGIAR reports. The growth rates, Agricultural Orientation Index (AOI) and statistical-analysis estimated. Globally, political and economic systems, international governments like World Bank, IMF and WTO’s attitude towards agriculture is poor. Agriculture must be brought on global political agenda for sustainable food security, economic growth and development and to achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s). The protection of producers and consumers is being based on political will of governments. The study concludes for developing countries, stimulus package is required for the development of agriculture. The political economy of AOI indicates that the countries which have more than 1 will spend more budget in budget allocation towards agriculture. The study found that, clearly agriculture globally is not on the priority list for the local central governments in allocating their budgets towards agriculture. The study suggests that, economic minded politicians and political minded economists who has knowledge of social, political and economic systems are required in efficient economic system of agriculture.
Intrapreneurial Leadership and Sustainability of Federal Universities in South-South Region Nigeria
Authors: Edema Alfred JM , Abosede A. Usoro
Published: March 2018

The study surveys contributions of intrapreneurial leadership to institutional sustainability particularly, federal universities in the south-south region, Nigeria. Institutional leadership and visionary leadership are both consonant to this study. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were used in analyzing the data obtained, aided with statistical package for social science. Obviously, federal universities with more academic programmes enjoyed increase in internally generated revenue (IGR) through fee and other charges. There appeared clear indications that universities with some unique programmes are favoured by donators and sponsors. Internally generated revenues by the universities do not necessarily result from so much diversified investments even though those ventures have their revenue contributions. Federal government should inject more funds into infrastructural development in both physical and human forms with more programmes introduced into universities to achieve the objectives, which gave birth to them. The various ventures entered into by the leadership (intrapreneurship) of the universities should be devoid of personal and political sentiments both in the appointment of management teams and financial prudency. Consequently, succeeding administrations should make effort to improve on the vision of inherited venture projects. University managers and administrators should work harder in sourcing for more funds through donors and collaborations while they remain resolutely focused without getting funds diverted.
L’éducation À La Santé, Facteur De Promotion De L’action Pédagogique Des Établissements Scolaires
Authors: Khennoussi Abdelaziz , Chahlaoui Abdelkader
Published: March 2018

Health education is an essential dimension of global education, its absence or marginal position in school life affects the quality of educational action in schools, and deprives students of cognitive and psychosocial skills. In addition, the improvement of learning combines the promotion of the wellbeing of the learner and the good relationship with his teacher and his peers. Both of these conditions can be built by health education. These remarks imply the recasting and broadening of the teaching function so that these fields of "education to" health, the environment, citizenship etc ... are integrated into the professional identity of the teacher and the educational director of the school. Therefore, decision-makers must base their institutional and strategic reform choices on the integration of these interdisciplinary fields into the initial training of teachers. In this perspective, we can renovate the school approach; classically articulated around disciplines and refocusing it around social objectives. Thus, we can work for a new school paradigm that stumbles towards the school of promotion of the individual and society, advocated by the strategic vision of reform of the Moroccan education system 2015-2030.
Insecurity and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Diagnostic Review
Authors: Onime Bright Enakhe
Published: March 2018

This paper examines the effect of insecurity on economic growth in Nigeria. Apart from its direct effect on the populace, it also affects the economy. Using elements of descriptive qualitative analysis and data from secondary sources, the paper analyzed its effect on some economic parameters. The analysis showed that insecurity affects economic growth by drying-out investments, increases unemployment and dwindles government revenue, amongst others. Despite these effects, government capital expenditure on internal security did not grow astronomically to match the hydra-headed problem. This paper therefore recommended an increase in capital expenditure on internal security and concludes with a discussion of some policies to be designed and targeted at addressing the economic effects of insecurity.
Etat Des Lieux Et Evaluation Des Formations En Radiologie Dans Un Pays En Developpement, Cas Du Togo
Authors: Tchaou Mazamaesso , Houadjeto Dandjeffo L. C. , Sonhaye Lantam , Agoda-Koussema Lama-Kegdigoma , Adjenou Komlanvi , N’dakena Koffi
Published: March 2018

Objective: to make an inventory and assess the training in radiology in Togo. Methodology: Descriptive study, with opinion survey, carried out from June to August 2016 including students in Master and Residents in radiology of the academic year 2015 - 2016. Results: The response rate was 91%. All the training sites had conventional radiography and functional ultrasound. For 57% of students the quality of practical instruction was 4/5. The availability of teachers was acceptable (3/5) to good (4/5) according to 84%. Competence for examinations varies from bad (2/5) to excellent (5/5) for the Master 1 and from good to excellent in Master 2. The difference in responses was not significant regardless of the year of study or training course (p> 0.05). For the performance and interpretation of radiological examinations, the junior residents were considered mediocre (1/5) to acceptable versus acceptable to seniors. For an ultrasound, this score varied from 1/5 for the juniors residents to 4/5 for the seniors. The competence to carry out a vessels ultrasound Doppler was 1/5 for the junior residents and 2/5 for the senior. Conclusion: Learners in radiology in Togo are generally satisfied with the training they receive. Acquisitions of significant skills have been observed from one level of training to another.
The Effect of Kinesio Taping in Reducing Myofascial Pain Syndrome on the Upper Trapezius Muscle: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alotaibi Mansour , Ayoub Abdulraouf , King Theodore , Uddin Shadab
Published: March 2018

Background: Myofascial Pain Syndrome is a condition causing pain at myofascial trigger points. Kinesio Taping has been widely used to decrease pain and improve range of motion. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic programs that include kinesio taping on reducing myofascial pain syndrome symptoms. Methods: Independent research was performed for legit studies using the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORT Discus, EM base, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from February 2017 to March 2017. The keywords were “keniso tape myofascial” AND “taping myofascial” AND “myofascial pain Syndrome” AND “myofascial trigger points.” The research resulted in 5,793 articles that eventually included 6 articles that had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the data extracted data from the articles was about the pain severity, and was measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: The collected data was pooled from the results of 256 subjects (199 females and 57 males). Using KT showed improvement but not significant statistically in three of the analyzed studies, and the remaining three studies showed a statistical significant reduction in VAS score. The overall P value that computed by the European Scientific Journal February 2018 edition Vol.14, No.6 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 337 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 software was statistically significant (P value= 0.001) between the KT group and the control group. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on six studies in regarding to the efficacy of KT on the myofascial pain in the upper trapezius muscle. The meta-analysis suggests KT with other therapeutic protocols to treat myofascial pain syndrome and increase cervical range of motion as well as the functional activities.
Antibiotics—From There to Where?
Authors: Shlaes David M. , Bradford Patricia A.
Published: March 2018

To fully appreciate the importance of antibiotics to everyday life, we must step back to the edge of the pre-antibiotic era when these lifesaving drugs were first introduced into clinical use.
L’enseignement par projets comme objet d’étude en didactique des sciences et technologies
Authors: Bousadra Fatima , Hasni Abdelkrim
Published: March 2018

Resumo: O ensino por projetos (EPP) é um dos enfoques pedagógicos que marca as reformas curriculares em vários países. No caso do ensino de Ciências e Tecnologias (ST), apesar do grande número de estudos que mostrou o impacto positivo do recurso ao EPP nas aprendizagens dos alunos (Hasni et al., 2016), outros textos científicos tendem a demonstrar que as condições de sucesso de sua implementação exige muito dos docente (Bousadra, 2014; Chin & Chia, 2006; Kanter, 2009; Krajcik et al., 2007). Se o leque das finalidades educativas visadas por esse tipo de ensino assim como a diversidade de seus referentes teóricos podem explicar a divergência dos resultados das pesquisas empíricas, a questão da fragilidade dos saberes disciplinares para esse tipo de enfoque permanece ainda pouco considerada na pesquisa atual em didática das ST. Nesse texto, propomos um quadro conceitual e metodológico que permite abordar esse ponto de vista.
Palavras-chaves: ensino por projetos, didática das ciências, prática de ensino
Affective professional commitment among teachers in Québec: Study of a theoretical model
Authors: Barroso da Costa Carla
Published: March 2018

Résumé: La présente étude a pour objectif de vérifier un modèle explicatif d’engagement professionnel des enseignants québécois en prenant comme prédicteurs la fréquence de l’utilisation des nouvelles modalités d’évaluation des apprentissages, les expériences émotionnelles positives et le sentiment de compétence. Un échantillon de 1 205 enseignants québécois du primaire et du secondaire a été choisi à partir d’une base de données extraite d’une étude pancanadienne Les résultats des analyses de parcours ont indiqué que les expériences émotionnelles positives et la fréquence de l’utilisation des nouvelles modalités d’évaluation sont les facteurs qui contribuent le plus à la variabilité de l’engagement professionnel affectif des enseignants. En conclusion, les méthodes contemporaines d’évaluation, tels que la résolution de problèmes et les travaux développés à long terme ainsi que la qualité des interactions produites en classe auprès des élèves sont des aspects qui doivent être considérés par les enseignants et encouragés par les directions d’écoles.
Mots-clés: évaluation des apprentissages, expériences émotionnelles positives, engagement professionnel affectif, analyse de parcours
Atomic Structure and Binding of Carbon Atoms
Authors: Ali Mubarak
Published: March 2018

Many studies deal synthesis of carbon materials including all the disclosed states. This study describes the binding mechanism of different state carbon atoms. The binding energy as per gauge of certain state carbon atom is being invited under the application of force. In evolving different structures of carbon atoms their admissible electron-dynamics generate binding energy. Evolution of graphite structure is one-dimensional when certain amalgamated atom executes electron-dynamics to gain stable state to bind atom of attained stable state. Evolution of graphite structure is two-dimensional when amalgamated atoms under attained dynamics deal difference in surface format forces at the point of binding. Structural evolution is two-dimensional for nanotube and four-dimensional for fullerene (bucky balls). Structure evolution of graphite, nanotube and fullerene involve surface format forces mainly to invite binding energy of their atoms as per gauge of electron-dynamics. Structural evolutions of diamond and Lonsdaleite are under the joint application of surface format forces and grounded format forces to invite binding energy of atoms. Structural evolution of graphene involves both surface and space format forces to invite binding energy of atoms. Glassy carbon is related to layered wholly topological structure where layers of gas state carbon atoms, graphitic state and lonsdaleite state are being involved in successive manner to invite binding energy under space, surface and grounded format forces. Due to maintenance of electrons, carbon atoms do not bind when in the gas state. Diamond is south to ground tetra-dimensional, Lonsdaleite is south to ground bi-dimensional and graphene is ground to north tetra-dimensional topological structures. The Mohs hardness of carbon-based materials under different levitation gravitation behaviors attempting at electron level under contraction expansion of clamping energy knot is sketched. Carbon atoms when in fullerene structure is the best model to understand the influencing force at ground surface and the best model to explain binding mechanism in atoms of other elements.