bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast hole relaxation dynamics in quantum dots revealed by two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Brosseau Patrick J. , Geuchies Jaco J. , Jasrasaria Dipti , Houtepen Arjan J. , Rabani Eran , Kambhampati Patanjali
Published: March 2023

Elucidating the population dynamics of correlated electron-hole pairs (bound excitons) in semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) is key for developing our fundamental understanding of nanoscale photophysics as well as for the optimal design of devices, such as lasers. For decades, it was assumed that holes did not contribute to band edge bleach signals in QDs. Here, we employ two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to monitor electron and hole dynamics in both CdSe and CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs to probe electron and hole dynamics. Based on a combination of time and frequency resolution, we observe a previously unresolved bleaching signal in CdSe QDs on timescales faster than 30 fs due to hole cooling. Atomistic semiempirical pseudopotential calculations are used to rationalize the order of magnitude difference in the observed hole dynamics in CdSe and CdSe/CdS/ZnS QDs. This picture advances our understanding of QD excitonics past the prevailing continuum effective mass theories generally used to describe QD electronic structure and dynamics.
Metallic micro-ring device for highly efficient large cargo delivery in mammalian cells using infrared light pulses
Authors: Shinde Ashwini , Shinde Pallavi , Kar Srabani , Illath Kavitha , Dey Souvik , Mahapatra Nitish R. , Nagai Moeto , Santra Tuhin Subhra
Published: March 2023

Highly efficient large cargo delivery using an infrared light-activated titanium micro-ring device.
Target 2035 – an update on private sector contributions
Authors: Ackloo Suzanne , Antolin Albert A. , Bartolome Jose Manuel , Beck Hartmut , Bullock Alex , Betz Ulrich A. K. , Böttcher Jark , Brown Peter J. , Chaturvedi Menorca , Crisp Alisa , Daniels Danette , Dreher Jan , Edfeldt Kristina , Edwards Aled M. , Egner Ursula , Elkins Jon , Fischer Christian , Glendorf Tine , Goldberg Steven , Hartung Ingo V. , Hillisch Alexander , Homan Evert , Knapp Stefan , Köster Markus , Krämer Oliver , Llaveria Josep , Lessel Uta , Lindemann Sven , Linderoth Lars , Matsui Hisanori , Michel Maurice , Montel Florian , Mueller-Fahrnow Anke , Müller Susanne , Owen Dafydd R. , Saikatendu Kumar Singh , Santhakumar Vijayaratnam , Sanderson Wendy , Scholten Cora , Schapira Matthieu , Sharma Sujata , Shireman Brock , Sundström Michael , Todd Matthew H. , Tredup Claudia , Venable Jennifer , Willson Timothy M. , Arrowsmith Cheryl H.
Published: March 2023

Target 2035, an international federation of biomedical scientists from the public and private sectors, is leveraging ‘open’ principles to develop a pharmacological tool for every human protein.
Designing ECM-inspired supramolecular scaffolds by utilizing the interactions between a minimalistic neuroactive peptide and heparin
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Roy Sangita
Published: March 2023

The design and development of bioinspired scaffolds using the simple non-covalent interactions between the two bioactive components of the native extracellular matrix.
An integrated strategy for quality control of the multi-origins herb medicine of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix based on UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS and HPLC-DAD
Authors: Luo Jiangyi , Yuan Hanwen , Liang Ling , Xie Qinling , Jiang Sai , Fu Yangfen , Chen Shenghuang , Wang Wei
Published: March 2023

Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, the dried root ofGentiana macrophyllaPall.,Gentiana crassicaulisDuthie ex Burk.,Gentiana stramineaMaxim., orGentiana dahuricaFisch., is a traditional Chinese medicine with multi-origins and some adulterants.
A simple array integrating machine learning for identification of flavonoids in red wines
Authors: Qin Jiaojiao , Wang Hao , Xu Yu , Shi Fangfang , Yang Shijie , Huang Hui , Liu Jun , Stewart Callum , Li Linxian , Li Fei , Han Jinsong , Wu Wenwen
Published: March 2023

Identify flavonoids and red wines via a machine learning-assisted simple array.
Caught in the act: real-time observation of the solvent response that promotes excited-state proton transfer in pyranine
Authors: Hoberg Claudius , Talbot Justin J. , Shee James , Ockelmann Thorsten , Das Mahanta Debasish , Novelli Fabio , Head-Gordon Martin , Havenith Martina
Published: March 2023

Observation of photoinduced excited proton transfer (ESPT) reactions: from the onset of proton transfer up to thermalization.
Ultrasound-assisted low-temperature catalytic lignin-first depolymerization of pine wood biomass to selectively produce propyl guaiacol
Authors: Prabhudesai Vallabh S. , Saravanakumar K. , Gurrala Lakshmiprasad , Vinu R.
Published: March 2023

Lignin-first depolymerization of biomass using reductive catalytic fractionation is a promising option for the biorefinery as it selectively converts lignin to value-added phenolic monomers while preserving the carbohydrate fraction.
A Trojan horse approach for efficient drug delivery in photodynamic therapy: focus on taxanes
Authors: Pavlíčková Vladimíra Svobodová , Škubník Jan , Ruml Tomáš , Rimpelová Silvie
Published: March 2023

This review discusses unique nanosystems combining taxanes with photosensitizers as multimodal chemo- and phototherapeutics for cancer treatment.
Controlled synthesis of multifunctional dome-shaped micro- and nano-structures via a robust physical route for biological applications
Authors: Indech Ganit , Geri Lidor , Mordechai Chen , Ben Moshe Yarden , Mastai Yitzhak , Shefi Orit , Sharoni Amos
Published: March 2023

A simple method to fabricate dome-shaped particles of various materials, with different sizes and compositions, is presented. This versatility enables us to engineer multifunctional particles with the desired properties for specific biological applications.
A human cell orthogonal enzyme β-d-galacturonidase for sensitive detection of antigen proteins
Authors: Tateishi Chuya , Koga Akihiro , Matsuura Atsuhiro , Kaneko Ryosuke , Tanito Kenta , Nii Teruki , Kishimura Akihiro , Mori Takeshi , Katayama Yoshiki
Published: March 2023

β-d-Galacturonidase was identified as a novel enzyme whose activity is absent from human cells and could be used in the detection of antigen proteins on live human cells with lower background signal.
Green extract rosemary acid as a viscosity-sensitive molecular sensor in liquid systems
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Peng Hui , Huang Yanrong , Huang Chunfang , Xie Chengning , He Genhe
Published: March 2023

Rosemary extract: rosmarinic acid is a natural molecular sensor extracted from rosemary for viscosity detection in liquids through the fluorescence technique.
Aggregation of chlorophylls on plant thylakoid membranes using coarse-grained simulations
Authors: Saini Renu , Ansari Suleman Jalilahmad , Debnath Ananya
Published: March 2023

Chlorophyll aggregation in association with density inhomogeneity induces bilayer undulation.
Thermodynamic analysis of the interaction between metal vacancies and hydrogen in bulk Cu
Authors: Fotopoulos Vasileios , Grau-Crespo Ricardo , Shluger Alexander L.
Published: March 2023

Thermodynamic analysis is used to provide limits on the hydrogen-induced vacancy clustering in bulk Cu. Hydrogen molar fraction reaches the same order of magnitude as the vacancy molar fraction only at high pressure and temperature.
Ag-promoted Cr/MnO2 catalyst for catalytic oxidation of low-concentration formaldehyde at room temperature
Authors: Duan Chaomin , Meng Mianwu , Huang Huang , Wang Heng , Ding Hua , Zhang Qi
Published: March 2023

An Ag/Cr/MnO2 catalyst was prepared via a simple hydrothermal–calcination method. Compared with the Cr/MnO2 catalyst, the comprehensive performance of the Ag/Cr/MnO2 catalyst was greatly improved, which has potential for industrial applications.
A NiCoSex/CG heterostructure with strong interfacial interaction showing rapid diffusion kinetics as a flexible anode for high-rate sodium storage
Authors: Li Dan , Liu Honglang , Liu Hanhao , Chen Yanjun , Wang Chao , Guo Li
Published: March 2023

A binder-free NiCoSex heterojunction anchored on graphene with strong interfacial interaction boosts charge transfer kinetics for sodium storage.
Advances in the protection of intestinal mucosal barrier function by milk-derived miRNAs
Authors: Zhang Chao , Chi Houyu , Han Xueting , Zheng Jie , Yang Sijia , li Li Ai , Yu Wei
Published: March 2023

We focus on summarizing the biological stability of miRNAs and its molecular mechanism in regulating the intestinal mucosa barrier.
Discovery of new 5-substituted-indole-2-carboxamides as dual epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/cyclin dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) inhibitors with potent antiproliferative action
Authors: Mohamed Fatma A. M. , Alakilli Saleha Y. M. , El Azab Eman Fawzy , Baawad Faris A. M. , Shaaban Esraa Ibrahim A. , Alrub Heba Abu , Hendawy Omnia , Gomaa Hesham A. M. , Bakr Adel G. , Abdelrahman Mostafa H. , Trembleau Laurent , Mohammed Anber F. , Youssif Bahaa G. M.
Published: March 2023

A new series of 5-substituted-3-ethylindole-2-carboxamides 5a–k and 6a–c was designed and synthesised in an attempt to develop a dual targeted antiproliferative agent.
Investigation of the electrocatalytic reaction for the oxidation of alcohols through the formation of a metal organic framework (Mn-MIL-100)/polymer matrix on the surface of an Au electrode
Authors: Keypour Hassan , Kouhdareh Jamal , Karimi-Nami Rahman , Alavinia Sedigheh , Karakaya Idris , Babaei Somayyeh , Maryamabadi Ammar
Published: March 2023

An electrode composite containing a metal organic framework (Mn-MIL-100) was prepared by linkers including gold nanoparticles/polypyrrole and cysteine.
Tuning of electron transport layers using MXene/metal–oxide nanocomposites for perovskite solar cells and X-ray detectors
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Liu Hailiang , Vikraman Dhanasekaran , Jaffery Syed Hassan Abbas , Nazir Ghazanfar , Shahzad Faisal , Batoo Khalid Mujasam , Jung Jongwan , Kang Jungwon , Kim Hyun-Seok
Published: March 2023

This work elaborates on the decoration of metal oxides (ZnO and Fe3O4) between MXene sheets for use as the supporting geometry of PCBM electron transport layers (ETLs) in perovskite solar cells and X-ray detectors.
Dy3+doped (K,Na)NbO3-based multifunctional ceramics for achieving enhanced temperature-stable piezoelectricity and non-contact optical temperature sensing performance
Authors: Liu Qing , Pan Er , Deng Hao , Liu Fucai , Li Jing-Feng
Published: March 2023

A novel multifunctional KNN-based ceramics with decent piezoelectricity and intriguing photoluminescence are achieved through simultaneous modulation of diffused phase transition behavior and unit cell distortionviaoptimizing the Dy3+content.
Tin-based organic–inorganic metal halides with a reversible phase transition and thermochromic response
Authors: Teri Gele , Ni Hao-Fei , Luo Qing-Feng , Wang Xiao-Ping , Wang Jun-Qin , Fu Da-Wei , Guo Qiang
Published: March 2023

Two tin-based organic–inorganic hybrid halides with a reversible dielectric switching response using halogen modulation.
Deaminative radical reactions via relayed proton-coupled electron transfer
Authors: Shi Qianqian , Chen Kuohong , Guo Limin , Han Lili , Wei Donghui , Lan Yu
Published: March 2023

The detailed mechanism of these kinds of N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed deaminative radical reactions has been explored in theory for the first time.
Cation-controlled chemoselective synthesis of N-aroylureas and imides via amidation of N-Boc arylamides
Authors: Wang Jiamin , Shuai Sujuan , Gan Lishe , Luo Yongxin , Jin Huimin , Chen Lingfeng , Zou Dong , Liang Guang , Walsh Patrick J. , Li Jie
Published: March 2023

In this study, the first highly chemoselective amidation of Boc and amide groups of N-R-N-Boc arylamides is advanced.
Metalloporphyrin modified defective TiO2 porous cages with the enhanced photocatalytic activity for coupling of hydrogen generation and tetracycline removal
Authors: Lu Haiyue , Wang Xiaohua , Li Gen , Liao Baicheng , Gu Zhizhi , Zhang Xiuli , Yuan Feifei , Tong Jing , Chen Liyong
Published: March 2023

Combining molecular transition-metal complexes and semiconductors is an effective way to create high-performance hybrid photocatalysts based on improvement of solar energy harvesting ability and photogenerated charge carrier separation efficiency.
An ultra-tough and ultra-sensitive ionogel pressure/temperature sensor enabled by hierarchical design of both materials and devices
Authors: Chen Zong-Ju , Sun Yu-Qiong , Xiao Xiong , Wang Hong-Qin , Zhang Min-Hao , Wang Fang-Zhou , Lai Jian-Cheng , Zhang Da-Shuai , Pan Li-Jia , Li Cheng-Hui
Published: March 2023

Flexible sensors based on ionogels show great potential in wearable devices because of their compliance and deformability.
Synthesis of biologically derived poly(pyrogallol) nanofibers for antibacterial applications
Authors: Tian Zhen , Wu Guo , Libby Matt , Wu Kang , Jeong Kyung Jae , Kim Young Jo
Published: March 2023

Polypyrogallol nanofiber is synthesized by oxidative polymerization using pyrogallol. Polypyrogallol will open the new avenue for wound healing, blood filtration, and bacteria-free biomedical devices applications.
Regulation of mTORC1 by the Rag GTPases
Authors: Lama-Sherpa Tshering D. , Jeong Mi-Hyeon , Jewell Jenna L.
Published: March 2023

The Rag GTPases are an evolutionarily conserved family that play a crucial role in amino acid sensing by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). mTORC1 is often referred to as the master regulator of cell growth. mTORC1 hyperactivation is observed in multiple diseases such as cancer, obesity, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration. The Rag GTPases sense amino acid levels and form heterodimers, where RagA or RagB binds to RagC or RagD, to recruit mTORC1 to the lysosome where it becomes activated. Here, we review amino acid signaling to mTORC1 through the Rag GTPases.
One genome, multiple phenotypes: decoding the evolution and mechanisms of environmentally induced developmental plasticity in insects
Authors: Yoon Kane J. , Cunningham Christopher B. , Bretman Amanda , Duncan Elizabeth J.
Published: March 2023

Plasticity in developmental processes gives rise to remarkable environmentally induced phenotypes. Some of the most striking and well-studied examples of developmental plasticity are seen in insects. For example, beetle horn size responds to nutritional state, butterfly eyespots are enlarged in response to temperature and humidity, and environmental cues also give rise to the queen and worker castes of eusocial insects. These phenotypes arise from essentially identical genomes in response to an environmental cue during development. Developmental plasticity is taxonomically widespread, affects individual fitness, and may act as a rapid-response mechanism allowing individuals to adapt to changing environments. Despite the importance and prevalence of developmental plasticity, there remains scant mechanistic understanding of how it works or evolves. In this review, we use key examples to discuss what is known about developmental plasticity in insects and identify fundamental gaps in the current knowledge. We highlight the importance of working towards a fully integrated understanding of developmental plasticity in a diverse range of species. Furthermore, we advocate for the use of comparative studies in an evo-devo framework to address how developmental plasticity works and how it evolves.
A Community-Based Approach to Longitudinal Language Research With Racially and Ethnically Minoritized Autistic Young Adults: Lessons Learned and New Directions
Authors: Girolamo Teresa , Ghali Samantha , Eigsti Inge-Marie
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Language and autism research each typically excludes racially and ethnically minoritized (REM) autistic individuals. In addition, in the case of autistic individuals with language impairment, investigators often approach caregivers to discuss research participation, rather than autistic individuals themselves. This gap limits the ecological validity of language research in autism. To address this gap, this clinical focus article describes strategies for engaging REM autistic young adults with language impairment using lessons learned from 5 years of longitudinal research with this population. This approach involved an ongoing community partnership, as well as participatory partnerships with REM autistic individuals and community stakeholders, consistent with a “slow science” approach.

Conclusions:

The approach yielded excellent retention of participants over 5 years and led to co-development of research projects aimed at priorities described by REM autistic individuals and their families, including understanding self-determination, social determinants of health, and language variability in autistic REM individuals with language impairment. Findings support the utility of community-based methods with autistic REM young adults with language impairment, with key takeaways for diversifying research while replicating, extending, and building theory.
New optimal planning strategy for plug‐in electric vehicles charging stations in a coupled power and transportation network
Authors: Keleshteri Sobhan Farjam , Niknam Taher , Ghiasi Mohammad , Chabok Hossein
Published: March 2023

The use of plug‐in electric vehicles (PEV) and their developing technology can create new challenges to the smart power system. The type, method, and time of charging electric vehicles are also other issues. Allocating and determining the optimal capacity of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) is related to the technical requirements of the distribution network. This is economically important for the construction of charging stations. This paper proposes a new approach for optimal siting and sizing of PEV charging stations in a coupled electrical and transportation network. This work presents the problem from a techno‐economic point of view of the electrical network as a multi‐objective problem with the objectives of simultaneously reducing the cost of building EVCSs and active power losses. The Pareto method is used to solve the problem and to display optimal points. In order to carry out the simulation, the proposed method is tested on a case study of the standard IEEE 37‐bus network with a 25‐node transport system and the proposed solution in the subject environment. The Floyd–Warshall method is utilized to determine the shortest travel routes for PEVs. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the optimal planning of PEV charging stations.
A simple model to show the effect of counter-reactions
Authors: Reuss Paul , Mercier Bertrand
Published: March 2023

We derive a 2×2 system of non-linear ordinary differential equations to show that the reactor is stable when the temperature coefficient is negative.
Evaluating the effects of photovoltaic module heating during electroluminescence inspection
Authors: Koester Lukas , Vallarella Emanuel , Louwen Atse , Lindig Sascha , Moser David
Published: March 2023

The application of electroluminescence imaging of photovoltaic modules increased in the last years, due to the reliable and detailed identification of degradation and failures. In future plants the time-consuming connection of power supplies could be overcome by use of inverters with bi-directional functionality, allowing backpowering of connected module strings directly. Temperature influences the open-circuit voltage of photovoltaic modules and must therefore be considered during backpowering. This work investigates the heating due to backpowering of photovoltaic modules of different types during electroluminescence inspection. The temperature increase until saturation is estimated by energy balance calculations and experimentally verified to be around 20 °C, with resulting voltage drops of up to 3 V. Further, these changes have an effect on the recorded luminescence intensity: a decrease of the electroluminescence signal intensity between beginning of backpowering and reaching saturation temperature is shown. For application of the results to a real-world scenario, the electroluminescence window of an electroluminescence-ready inverter is introduced, giving the boundaries of current and voltage that can be supplied. Combined with a simulation of the dark current–voltage curves of a connected photovoltaic module string, the electroluminescence inspection possibilities are visualized. Finally, the applicability of this heating phenomenon for snow melting is discussed.
Eisentherapie bei chronischer Nierenkrankheit: Viel hilft viel oder ist weniger mehr?
Authors: Artunc Ferruh
Published: March 2023

Das Spurenelement Eisen ist ein essenzieller Bestandteil des Hämoglobins. Patienten mit chronischer Nierenkrankheit weisen in hohem Maße einen Eisenmangel auf, was entscheidend zur Entstehung der renalen Anämie beiträgt. Bei diesen Patienten ist daher eine Eisensubstitution zur Behandlung der renalen Anämie erforderlich. Häufig werden hohe Dosen benötigt, die sehr effektiv intravenös verabreicht werden können. Bei der oralen Eisensubstitution erscheint eine täglich alternierende Einnahme Vorteile zu haben. Klinische Studien belegen, dass die Anämie durch eine Eisensubstitution positiv beeinflusst wird und den Bedarf an Erythropoetin reduziert.
Überlastungssyndrome im Sport
Authors: Cécilia-Menzel Joël
Published: March 2023

Um was handelt es sich bei den sog. Volkskrankheiten, bei Schmerzen, die immer an
denselben Körperstellen auftreten? Die Rede ist von sog.
Überlastungssyndromen (ÜS): Tennisarm, Jumper’s Knee,
Schulterimpingement usw. Dieser Artikel soll helfen, sich dieser Beschwerden
anzunehmen und den Patienten in seiner Gesamtheit zu erfassen.
Stabilisatoren des HIF-Signalwegs
Authors: Schork Anja
Published: March 2023

Mit der Zulassung des ersten Stabilisators des Hypoxie induzierten Faktors (HIF: Hypoxia-Inducible Factor) Roxadustat durch die europäische Zulassungsbehörde EMA (EMA: European Medicines Agency) steht seit August 2021 eine neuartige, orale Therapie der renalen Anämie zur Verfügung. HIF-Stabilisatoren verhindern durch die Inhibition des Enzyms Prolylhydroxylase den Abbau des Transkriptionsfaktors HIF. HIF-Stabilisatoren bewirken eine Wiedererweckung der endogenen Erythropoetinbildung durch die (exkretorisch insuffizienten) Nieren und eine verbesserte Eisenbereitstellung. Aufgrund der bislang kurzen Beobachtungsdauer können jedoch potenzielle Risiken des pleiotropen Wirkmechanismus noch nicht abschließend beurteilt werden. HIF-Stabilisatoren eignen sich zunächst insbesondere für die Behandlung von Patienten mit renaler Anämie und unzureichendem Ansprechen auf die Erythropoetintherapie oder mit einem Wunsch zu einer oralen Therapiealternative.
Nature of contaminants introduced in silicon wafers during molecular beam epitaxy chamber annealing
Authors: Yi Chuqi , Zhou Zhuangyi , Juhl Mattias Klaus , Tong Jingnan , Fong Kean Chern , Rougieux Fiacre Emile , Bremner Stephen
Published: March 2023

Epitaxial monolithic III–V/Si tandem solar cells are one of the most promising technologies to be adopted by the industry after the efficiency of the current market dominating single junction silicon solar cell saturates at its fundamental limit. One of the key limitations of this technology is the degradation of silicon wafers during in situ annealing in the molecular beam epitaxy chamber. Determining the nature of contaminants in this process is key to improve the efficiency of epitaxial tandem solar cells. However, to date, the nature of contaminants from molecular beam epitaxy chambers remains unknown. In this work, we use photoluminescence imaging, lifetime spectroscopy, and deep level transient spectroscopy to measure the electronic properties of extrinsic impurities incorporated during annealing in the molecular beam epitaxy chamber. Photoluminescence images reveal that at least two impurities diffuse into silicon wafers during molecular beam epitaxy annealing. One is highly localized, while the other one is distributed uniformly across the whole wafer. Phosphorus diffusion is found to confine the localized impurity within the diffused layer but is ineffective at preventing the indiffusion of other impurities. Lifetime spectroscopy shows that metastable impurities with characteristic similar to Cr and CrB in our molecular beam epitaxy annealed silicon wafers. No evidence of Fe or FeB was observed. The emission rates and concentrations of the electrically active defects were measured with deep-level transient spectroscopy: The emission rates of detected defects do not match that of known Cr-related defects.
Nanophotonics of microcavity exciton–polaritons
Authors: Luo Song , Zhou Hang , Zhang Long , Chen Zhanghai
Published: March 2023

The past 30 years have witnessed remarkable developments of microcavity exciton–polaritons, which have made a great impact on photonics and optoelectronics from fundamental physics to device applications. New materials and optical structures have been developed for novel polariton lasers for the sake of room temperature operation, flexible mode engineering, and high power efficiency. More powerful spectroscopic techniques have also promoted the understanding of polariton dynamics, coherence, nonlinearity, and topology. In this review, we start with a brief introduction to the picture of polaritons, and various polariton systems based on different microcavity structures and semiconductor materials. Then, we present several important spectroscopic techniques and numerical tools for characterizing polaritons experimentally and theoretically. Next, we address the macroscopic quantum phenomena observed in the polariton systems and review the physics and applications of polariton nonlinearity. Moreover, we highlight the new emerging fields of topological and non-Hermitian polaritons. In the end, we conclude with the future perspectives of microcavity exciton–polaritons.
Semiclassical initial value representation: From Møller to Miller. II
Authors: Bonnet Laurent
Published: March 2023

As shown by W. H. Miller in a seminal article [J. Chem. Phys. 53, 3578 (1970)], the most convenient and accurate semiclassical (SC) theory of molecular scattering in action-angle coordinates is based on the initial value representation (IVR) and the use of shifted angles, which are different from the natural angles usually used in the quantum and classical treatments. Here, we show for an inelastic molecular collision that the initial and final shifted angles define three-segment classical paths that are exactly those involved in the classical-limit of Tannor–Weeks quantum scattering theory [J. Chem. Phys. 98, 3884 (1993)], provided that the translational wave packets |g+⟩ and |g−⟩ into play in this theory are both taken at |0⟩. Assuming this to be the case, using van Vleck propagators, and applying the stationary phase approximation, Miller’s SCIVR expression of S-matrix elements is found, with an additional cut-off factor canceling the energetically forbidden transition probabilities. This factor, however, is close to unity in most practical cases. Furthermore, these developments show that the Møller operators underlie Miller’s formulation, thus confirming, for molecular collisions, the results recently established in the simpler case of light-induced rotational transitions [L. Bonnet, J. Chem. Phys. 153, 174102 (2020)]. Last but not least, we show, based on the previous results, that for processes involving long-range anisotropic forces, implementing the Skinner–Miller method [Chem. Phys. Lett. 300, 20 (1999)] in shifted coordinates makes its predictions both easier and more accurate than in natural coordinates.
Positive self-bias in a magnetized CCP discharge
Authors: Cherukulappurath Mana A. , Faudot E. , Brochard F.
Published: March 2023

Radio frequency (RF) plasmas are commonly used for surface treatments and plasma heating processes. Controlling the heat flux from the plasma to the RF electrode is a crucial issue for optimizing these processes and is, therefore, the subject of considerable research in the low- and high-temperature plasma physics communities. In an asymmetric capacitively coupled plasma discharge, the ions accelerated by the direct current (DC) self-bias are the prime factor of the wall heating process. In this work, investigations have been performed with the aim to act on the DC self-bias in a linear magnetized RF environment. The lateral side and one face of the electrode have been covered by ceramic in order to limit the electron flux toward these surfaces. The variations in DC self-bias voltage as a function of the gas pressure, coupled RF power, and tilt angle between the RF electrode and the axial magnetic field have been studied. A new regime was discovered at low pressures, higher magnetic fields, and grazing angles for which the self-bias is positive. An analytical model was developed, which is in agreement with the experimental results.
Two-particle method for liquid–solid two-phase mixed flow
Authors: Chen Fuzhen , Li Haorui , Gao Yang , Yan Hong
Published: March 2023

Liquid–solid two-phase flows are a very important class of multiphase flow problems widely existing in industry and nature. This paper establishes a two-phase model for liquid–solid two-phase flows considering multiphase states of granular media. The volume fraction is defined by the solid phase, determining the material properties of the two phases, and momentum is exchanged between the phases by drag and pressure gradient forces. On this basis, a two-particle method for simulating the liquid–solid two-phase flow is proposed by coupling smoothed particle hydrodynamics with smoothed discrete particle hydrodynamics. The coupling framework for the two-particle method is constructed, and the coupling between the algorithms is realized through interphase momentum exchange, volume fraction constraint, and field variable sharing. The liquid phase density changes are divided into two types. One is caused by weak compressibility, and the other is caused by changes in the solid phase volume fraction. The former is used to calculate the liquid-phase flow field, and the latter is used to calculate the two-phase coupling to solve the problem of sudden bulk density changes in the liquid phase caused by changes in particle volume fractions. The two-particle method maintains the dual advantages of the particle method for free interface tracking and material point tracking for particles. The new method is validated using a series of fundamental test cases, and comparison with experimental results shows that the new method is suitable for resolving liquid–solid two-phase flow problems and has significant practical value for future simulations of mudflow motions, coastal breakwaters, and landslide surges.
Observation of the rotational Doppler shift of a spinning object based on an acoustic vortex with a Fresnel-spiral zone plate
Authors: Cheng Zheng-Kun , Luo Ming-Cheng , Sun Xiao-Yu , Chen Ming , Zhang Yi , Li Sheng-Quan , Zhu Xiao-Chun
Published: March 2023

It has been demonstrated that sound waves carrying orbital angular momentum undergo frequency modulation after being reflected by a rotating object. In this paper, we, observed the rotational Doppler shift phenomenon of the acoustic vortex in an underwater environment by using a Fresnel-spiral zone plate for the construction of the focused acoustic vortex with controllable topological charge. The positive and negative rotation speeds of the spinning object are precisely determined with the rotational frequency shift and the acoustic vortex's topological charge. The rotational Doppler effect of acoustic vortex provides a possibility to improve the detection and recognition accuracy of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles with propellers.
Tunnel magnetoresistance exceeding 100% in magnetic tunnel junctions using Mn-based tetragonal alloy electrodes with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Suzuki Kazuya Z. , Mizukami Shigemi
Published: March 2023

We studied MgO barrier magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) comprising perpendicularly magnetized MnGa and FeCoB electrodes. In those perpendicular (p-) MTJs, we utilized thin metastable bcc CoMn alloys as an interlayer between MnGa and MgO to enhance the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect. Moreover, we investigated the effect of a thin Mg interlayer between MnGa and CoMn. Owing to the interlayer engineering, we achieved a TMR ratio over 100%, the highest value observed for p-MTJs with a tetragonal MnGa electrode. Our study contributes to the further development of spintronic devices using p-MTJs with various Mn-based tetragonal alloy electrodes.
Euglenozoan kleptoplasty illuminates the early evolution of photoendosymbiosis
Authors: Karnkowska Anna , Yubuki Naoji , Maruyama Moe , Yamaguchi Aika , Kashiyama Yuichiro , Suzaki Toshinobu , Keeling Patrick J. , Hampl Vladimír , Leander Brian S.
Published: March 2023

Kleptoplasts (kP) are distinct among photosynthetic organelles in eukaryotes (i.e., plastids) because they are routinely sequestered from prey algal cells and function only temporarily in the new host cell. Therefore, the hosts of kleptoplasts benefit from photosynthesis without constitutive photoendosymbiosis. Here, we report that the euglenozoan
Rapaza viridis
has only kleptoplasts derived from a specific strain of green alga,
Tetraselmis
sp., but no canonical plastids like those found in its sister group, the Euglenophyceae.
R. viridis
showed a dynamic change in the accumulation of cytosolic polysaccharides in response to light–dark cycles, and
13
C isotopic labeling of ambient bicarbonate demonstrated that these polysaccharides originate in situ via photosynthesis; these data indicate that the kleptoplasts of
R. viridis
are functionally active. We also identified 276 sequences encoding putative plastid-targeting proteins and 35 sequences of presumed kleptoplast transporters in the transcriptome of
R. viridis
. These genes originated in a wide range of algae other than
Tetraselmis
sp., the source of the kleptoplasts, suggesting a long history of repeated horizontal gene transfer events from different algal prey cells. Many of the kleptoplast proteins, as well as the protein-targeting system, in
R. viridis
were shared with members of the Euglenophyceae, providing evidence that the early evolutionary stages in the green alga-derived secondary plastids of euglenophytes also involved kleptoplasty.
A quantitative study of the micromotion of a P-band superfluid in a shaking lattice
Authors: Sun Jingxin , Liao Ren , Zhao Pengju , Hu Zhongshu , Wang Zhongkai , Liu Xiong-Jun , Zhou Xiaoji , Chen Xuzong
Published: March 2023

The time-of-flight (TOF) momentum distribution of the micromotion of a P-band superfluid is investigated in a frequency-modulated optical lattice. Besides the P-band atoms converted from the S-band atoms, we find a small fraction of atoms are transferred to the D-band which can be revealed by the band mapping images. A

π

/

2

phase lag can also be observed between the two satellite peaks of the D-band atoms and the two main peaks of the P-band superfluid in the oscillating TOF momentum distribution. Meanwhile, by deriving a fitting function for the TOF momentum distribution of the P-band superfluid, we find a large portion of atoms are actually thermalized due to lattice shaking. Based on this result, we introduced a generalized fitting function for the TOF momentum distribution at different time in a shaking cycle. Such a fitting function can roughly fit the experimentally observed oscillating momentum distribution and explain the micromotion of such a P-band superfluid. Thus, our results may deepen the understanding of the micromotion of the P-band superfluid in a frequency-modulated optical lattice.
Fusion hierarchies, T-systems and Y-systems for the dilute A2(2) loop models on a strip
Authors: Boileau Florence , Morin-Duchesne Alexi , Saint-Aubin Yvan
Published: March 2023

We study the diluteA2(2)loop models on the geometry of a strip of widthN. Two families of boundary conditions are known to satisfy the boundary Yang–Baxter equation. Fixing the boundary condition on the two ends of the strip leads to four models. We construct the fusion hierarchy of commuting transfer matrices for the model as well as itsT- andY-systems, for these four boundary conditions and with a generic crossing parameterλ. Forλ/πrational and thusq=−e4iλa root of unity, we prove a linear relation satisfied by the fused transfer matrices that closes the fusion hierarchy into a finite system. The fusion relations allow us to compute the two leading terms in the large-Nexpansion of the free energy, namely the bulk and boundary free energies. These are found to be in agreement with numerical data obtained for smallN. The present work complements a previous study (Morin-Duchesne and Pearce 2019J. Stat. Mech.1909) that investigated the diluteA2(2)loop models with periodic boundary conditions.
A Novel Definition of Fuzzy Difference on Non-increasing Fuzzy Real Numbers
Authors: Wu Xin , Zhang Yun , Lin Shuang , Zhong Yu
Published: March 2023

In this paper, firstly, a novel definition of a fuzzy difference based on non-increasing fuzzy real numbers is introduced, which is different from the previous definitions by using fuzzy interval-numbers and Zadeh’s extension principle. Then we give some important conclusions of fuzzy difference from the view of two cuts of fuzzy sets. Moreover, a definition of a opposite fuzzy real number is given so that we show the connection between the fuzzy difference and fuzzy addition on fuzzy real numbers. Finally, we provide several examples for the sake of illustrating the fuzzy difference on non-increasing fuzzy real numbers is reasonable generalization of classical difference. In addition, we give the prospect that we want to use this difference to research fuzzy derivatives.
Transitivity-like Postulates of Ternary Relation on Four Points
Authors: Guo Mingxue , Guo Yuhuan , Zou Jietao , Zhong Yu
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we firstly analyse the position relation on four points from four cases, that is, (i) both x and y are on the outside side of m and n, (ii) either x or y is on the inner side of m and n, (iii) both x and y are on the inner side of m and n, (iv) both x and y are on the same side of m and n. Then we acquire eight kinds of transitivity-like postulates from the four cases. What is more, we discuss the interrelationships between eight transitivity-like postulates and get some important deductibility theorems. Finally, we give a few counter-examples to show that the inverse of the deductibility theorems do not hold and get a summary diagram to show the relationships among these transitivity-like postulates.
Finite Element Model of Kinematic Pair Clearances of Elastic Linkage Mechanisms
Authors: Cai Ganwei , Gong Junjie , Peng Sixu , Wei Wei
Published: March 2023

The elastic deformation of the links in robot mechanisms affects the precision of their motion and fatigue strength. Kineto-elastodynamics (KED)-the dynamics analysis of mechanisms that considers the elasticity of their links-emerged early in studies of mechanisms and has been the subject of extensive research and applications since. However, there have been no reports on the effects of kinematic pair clearances on the elastic vibration of mechanisms. This is mainly because no finite element (FE) model has been developed for describing kinematic pair clearances in KED research of elastic linkage mechanisms. In this study, an FE model was proposed for describing kinematic pair clearances. The mass matrix of the model was obtained by considering the lumped masses of the pin and bearing. The stiffness matrix of the model was obtained based on the moduli of elasticity of the pin-bearing pair. The model was applied to KED modeling and was verified through simulation and complementary experiments. The results show that the model is suitable for KED research of elastic linkage mechanisms with small kinematic pair clearances but not suitable for those with large kinematic clearances. Our FE model of kinematic pair clearances may be useful for investigating the vibration of elastic-body robot mechanisms.
Numerical Simulation Study of Fragment Damage Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA
Authors: Zhang Kaikai , Zhang Shuai , Zheng Ruoran , Zhang Kun
Published: March 2023

In this paper, combining with the possible battlefield threat mechanism of engineering equipment on the battlefield and aiming at the typical structural parts of a certain type of equipment, a numerical simulation study of fragment damage is carried out based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. By calibrating the material parameters of the wearing parts, the damage phenomenon caused by different impact speeds to the wearing parts is analyzed. For the tank material is Q345B steel, outer plate thickness of 3mm box, calculated by simulation at 1000m/s impact speed, tungsten alloy fragments cause the tank to be broken down, front material hole size of 1.4x4.14cm. The research results can provide theoretical reference for battlefield protection design of engineering equipment.
Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Furnace Wall Temperature on Pulverized Coal Combustion and NOx Emissions in a Supercritical CO2 Boiler
Authors: Li Mengxi , Zhang Chao
Published: March 2023

A study on the combustion process and NOx emission of pulverized coal in a supercritical CO2 boiler was carried out by using the method of numerical simulation. Using a comprehensive combustion model and a post-treatment NOx formation model, the influence of wall temperature on the characteristics of combustion and NOx emissions of a 300 MW tangential coal-fired boiler were studied. The temperature field and the concentration distribution of waste flue gas at the furnace outlet are analysed and studied. It was found that the furnace wall temperature seriously affected both the distribution of the temperature field and the emission of NOx. The supercritical CO2 boiler’s partial flow strategy led to further increases in temperature and NOx near the tail. According to the results of the calculations, the supercritical CO2 boiler might raise the exhaust gas temperature, making the difficulty of extracting energy from waste gas increased dramatically. The increased NOx emissions will lead to higher cost for implementation of after treatment of NOx emissions. The work’s findings can be used to improve the design of coal-fired supercritical CO2 boilers as well as gain a deeper comprehension of the formation of NOx.
Simulation Study of Fuel Concentration Field in Common-rail Diesel Engine Combustion Chamber under Plateau Environment
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Shi , Guo Haiyang , Zhang Kaikai
Published: March 2023

China has the largest plateau in the world, with an average altitude of 2000m-4500m. Due to the decrease of atmospheric pressure and temperature, the decrease of air density and the decrease of water boiling point, resulting in a decrease in power, economy, low temperature starting and cooling, soot emissions and other performance, soot emissions increase, the diesel engine can not accord with the requirements of plateau areas in the plateau area. Fuel concentration field of diesel engine has important influence on its dynamics, economy and emissions. The paper uses numerical simulation to study the fuel concentration field of combustion chamber in the plateau environment of CA6DL2-35E3R common-rail diesel engine. The results show that altitude has great impact on fuel concentration field of combustion chamber, and fuel concentration field increases with the increase of altitude, and compared with high speed condition, more fuel is distributed at the bottom and top of the combustion chamber under low speed condition.
Real-time Automatic Arrhythmia Detection System based on Extreme Gradient Boosting and Neural Network Algorithm
Authors: Linghu Rongqian , Zhang Ke
Published: March 2023

Arrhythmia and other diseases are puzzling more and more people. Accurate detection is the key to realizing intelligent diagnosis of electrocardiogram(ECG) monitoring systems. It can prevent heart disease and effectively reduce mortality. An efficient and accurate arrhythmia detection method is urgent. In this work, a real-time automatic arrhythmia detection technology based on extreme gradient boosting (XGboost) and convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm were developed. First, ECG signals in the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database are preprocessed: 1) EMG interference filtering; 2) Power frequency interference suppression; 3) Baseline drift correction. Secondly, We use the cyclic singular spectrum (CISSA) algorithm to decompose the ECG after pretreatment. From the original ECG and the 7 simple signals obtained from decomposition, 23 features about the time domain, frequency domain, nonlinear dynamics and statistics are extracted respectively. Finally, XGboost and CNN algorithms are used to build a classification model, and the extracted features are classified, trained and recognized to achieve automatic detection of arrhythmia. The experimental results show that XGboost and CNN algorithms can automatically detect 98.40%, 95.65% and 97.60%, 95.12% of Category 2 and Category 4 arrhythmias, respectively.
Based AHP Loss Function Model for Equilibrium Dam Water Use
Authors: Xue Runqi , Liu Tao , Qiu Ruofeng , Miao Qunfeng , Xie Wu
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this paper is to establish a model to balance water for power generation and domestic use. Dams and reservoirs have been an important part of human production and life since ancient times. In order to make full use of water resources, we have modelled the distribution of water resources in Lake Powell and Lake Mead to help achieve optimal allocation of water resources. Several models are established, Model I: Multiobjective Optimization. Model II: Loss function model based on Analytic Hierarchy Process. The discussion of the above models covers a wealth of industry factors and emergencies, so our model has strong adaptability and flexibility. It can be used not only in the factor we are learning, but also in other factors. Finally, we conduct a sensitivity analysis for extreme climate events. The results show that the model is insensitive to changes in extreme climate events, which means it can deal with water allocation problems in extreme situations. The model can be considered stable.
Tunable Quasistationary States in a One-dimensional Quantum Heterostructure
Authors: Jao Ruei Fu , Luo De Yu , Lai Jin Zhi
Published: March 2023

In this work, we focus on the quasistationary states, lifetime, and transmittance in opened quantum wells with biased and unbiased. In order to solve the quasibound states, the complex eigenenergies are solved in our calculation model by adaptive finite element method. We have demonstrated the accuracy to exam the numerical convergence. In this case, the 1D quantum heterostructure is commonly composed of GaAs and AlxGa1-xAs. With the different applied bias, the resonant tunneling and transmittance profiles could be changed, respectively. Increasing the thickness of the outermost barrier can be prevented an electron penetrated through the barrier from the quasistationary state. This is a useful way to design easily the high-speed switch for semiconductor devices. Our results of numerical calculations are good agreement with the argument principle method approach. These results are useful and helped us to design quantum devices and quantum computations.
Research on Palletizing and Packing Based on Heuristic Algorithm
Authors: Liu Ke , Lv Xue-feng
Published: March 2023

Based on the heuristic packing algorithm, this paper proposes a 3D packing algorithm that can run efficiently to improve the efficiency of palletizing and packing. The design of the algorithm starts from three parts: block construction, remaining space processing, and optimal block search. Firstly, the goods are packed to meet the constraints of the direction of the goods and the constraints of the support of the goods, and various composite blocks are generated. Then, set the remaining space selection, division, and merging methods that meet the priority constraint rules. Then, a sliding window and integer-split heuristic search are used to select the optimal block for each generated space. Finally, the feasibility of the algorithm is proved by experiments.