bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Sequence and Age of Ancestral Lake Erie Lake-Levels, Northwest Ohio
Authors: Fisher Timothy , Blockland Joseph Daniel , Anderson Brad , Krantz David Eugene , Stierman Donald John , Goble Ronald
Published: October 2017

While the general scheme of the retreat of the Late Wisconsinan glacier from the ancestral Lake Erie basin is understood, the sequence and timing of those movements that caused lake-level changes are not well documented. Ground penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity (ER), and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques were used to analyze beach and sand dune formations in the Wauseon area in northwest Ohio. The beaches showed no evidence of being flooded after deposition. Thirteen (13) new OSL ages revealed a short time of approximately 1000 years (16.9–15.9 ka) for formation of the Maumee, Arkona and Whittlesey shorelines. Evidence supporting the Ypsilanti lowstand in the ancestral Lake Erie basin was not observed within two sequences of glacial lacustrine sediments. The results of OSL dating of sand dunes indicate a period of older activity (~14–15 ka) and confirmation of previous work that documented activity during the Younger Dryas cold period (~13–11.5 ka).
Low Occupancy Rates of Artificial Nest Cavities by European Starlings
Authors: Seamans Thomas W. , Blackwell Bradley F. , Tyson Laura A.
Published: October 2017

European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) are known for their generalist ecological requirements and compete for available cavity nest sites with native species.  Our purpose was to revisit recent findings with regard to Starling selection of artificial nest structures.  In previous studies involving Starling use of wooden nest boxes in northern Ohio, USA, Starling occupancy across sites ranged from 67% to 100%; use by native species was minimal.  In this study, we made available 25 wooden boxes and 25 PVC nest tubes for Starling nesting, but we were forced to forego planned treatments because of low Starling occupancy rates.  We found a maximum occupancy rate of 40% for Starlings, whereas Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis) and Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) had a combined minimal occupancy rate of 52%.  We speculate that an increase in availability of dead ash trees (Fraxinus spp.) due to damage by the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), as well as a potential increase in natural cavities due to an increasing Red-bellied Woodpecker (Melanerpes carolinus) population might explain our findings.  With potentially fewer Starlings selecting artificial structures native species might now exploit these artificial nest sites.
Letter to a Young Scientist (Dr. Jeffrey K McKee)
Authors: McKee Jeffrey
Published: October 2017

No abstract available
Abstracts from the 2016 OAS Annual Meeting
Authors: Ohio Academy of Science The
Published: October 2017

Abstracts from the 2016 Ohio Academy of Science Annual Meeting
Leptodora kindtii Population Dynamics in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie before and after the Invasion of the Predacious Cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus
Authors: Simpson K. E. , Edwards W J , Kane Douglas Donald
Published: October 2017

Competition among native and non-native species can cause decreases in population size and production of both species.  The native predaceous crustacean zooplankter Leptodora kindtii shares a similar niche with the invasive Bythotrephes longimanus in Lake Erie.  This niche overlap may contribute to the decline in abundance and production of Leptodora in the western basin of Lake Erie.  Historical (1946) and recent (2006) data were used to determine if the decline in Leptodora abundance and production was associated with the effects of Bythotrephes, which invaded Lake Erie in the mid-1980’s.  Pre-invasion abundances and lengths of L. kindtii were compared with current data (2006).  A change in prey community abundance, composition and dynamics were observed, relative to pre-invasion, with a marked decline in.abundance and size of L. kindtii after the invasion of Bythotrephes. Competition for food and direct predation are two explanations, among others, for the declines observed in L. kindtii size, abundance and production that have occurred since B. longimanus invasion.
Framework for Mentoring East Asian Women Scientists and Engineers
Authors: Mancl Karen , Lee Katrina
Published: October 2017

The goal of this preliminary study was to develop a framework for success in mentoring East Asian women scientists and engineers.  Six women participated in 2-hour interviews providing an oral history.  Common themes from their interviews revealed they brought some shared experiences from Asia.  While science and engineering studies were encouraged, especially for girls, they had little mentoring.  Upon coming to the US they found themselves isolated as an Asian and female minority, while feeling family and cultural expectations.  The findings of the study suggest a 4-part mentoring framework.  1. Mentors should be assigned. 2. At least 1 mentor should be a woman. 3. Mentors needed understanding of and to be able to discuss work/life balance and 4. Mentors need to work with protégés to help them with mission and goal setting.  This research supports findings of other studies that describe mentoring teams working with minority faculty and the importance of women mentors in providing psychosocial mentoring functions. This research uncovered the limited role of East Asian mentors.  Not all of the women had mentors from East Asia and some did not feel it was important.
Examining Gender Equity in Newspaper Coverage of West-Central Ohio High School Basketball Games
Authors: Green Joseph P. , Holtzapple Ashley M. , McKinley Lauren
Published: October 2017

Across eight high school basketball seasons between 2000 and 2010, we investigated the coverage of over 300 high school basketball games and compared the quantity of coverage allotted to boys’ and girls’ teams within two west-central Ohio newspapers.   Unlike previous investigations on media coverage of high school sports, we restricted our sample to coverage of actual games and did not include feature articles about individual athletes, coaches, or booster clubs, and we determined article length by counting the number of words used in each article.   We found that boys’ games received two to three times the length of coverage of girls’ games.   Media coverage of girls’ games was also less likely to include a photograph and tended to begin lower on the sports page.   We discuss the potential implications of ignoring girls’ high school athletics within community media.
State of the Academy
Authors: Woytek Michael E.
Published: October 2017

No abstract available
Abstracts from the 2017 OAS Annual Meeting
Authors: Ohio Academy of Science The
Published: October 2017

Abstracts from the 2017 Ohio Academy of Science Annual Meeting
Density Functional Theory Calculations on Nitrated Boroxines as Possible High Energy-Density Materials
Authors: Ina Lisa M. , Ball David W.
Published: October 2017

Density functional theory calculations were performed on a series of nitroboroxine molecules (cyclo-[BO]3-[NO2]xH3-x, x = 1 – 3) to determine their thermodynamic properties and assess them as potential high energy materials.  Minimum-energy geometries of four boroxine molecules were determined, along with their normal modes of vibration.  Analysis of the energies of the molecules and their possible decomposition and combustion products suggests an energy contact comparable to that of TNT.
Quarrying History and Use of the Buena Vista Freestone, South-Central Ohio: Understanding the 19th Century Industrial Development of a Geological Resource
Authors: Saja David B. , Hannibal Joseph T.
Published: October 2017

The Buena Vista Member of the Mississippian Cuyahoga Formation is an economically valuable freestone that is homogeneous with almost no sedimentary structures. The Buena Vista was one of the earliest clastic rocks quarried in Ohio. Early quarries dating at least back to 1814 were located in the hills on the north bank of the Ohio River near the village of Buena Vista, south-central Ohio. By the 1830s, quarries had also opened up along the route of the Ohio & Erie Canal in the Portsmouth area to the east; followed by quarries that opened along a railway line that ran north up the Scioto River valley. Waterways transported the Buena Vista to many cities and towns, including Cincinnati, Ohio, Louisville, Kentucky, and Evansville, Indiana, on the Ohio River, New Orleans on the Mississippi River, and Dayton and Columbus on the Ohio canal system. Later railways transported this stone further afield to Illinois, Wisconsin, and Alberta. Census reports, industry magazines, and other historical accounts document the use of this stone across much of the eastern US and into Canada. Historically, it has been used for a variety of items, including entire buildings, canal structures, fence posts, and laundry tubs. Some 19th-century structures built with this stone remain in cities where it was once commonly used. Literature reviews, field observations, and lab analyses are here compiled as a useful reference to both the urban and field geologist in the identification of the Buena Vista Member, a historically important building stone, in buildings and outcrops, respectively.
Sozialpädagogik/Sozialarbeit in Deutschland Geschichtsschreibung und Armenpflege
Authors: Braches-Chyrek Rita , Sünker Heinz
Published: October 2017

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Pedagogika społeczna w Uniwersytecie Łódzkim: przeszłość – teraźniejszość – przyszłość: kulminacja obchodów 70-lecia Katedry Pedagogiki Społecznej UŁ
Authors: Kamińska-Jatczak Izabela , Skoczylas-Namielska Elżbieta
Published: October 2017

Tekst stanowi relację z wydarzenia kończącego rok jubileuszowy Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego jak i Katedry Pedagogiki Społecznej, zatytułowanego Pedagogika społeczna w Uniwersytecie Łódzkim: przeszłość – teraźniejszość – przyszłość, które objęło dwie części: dyskusję panelową wokół problematyki zawartej w książce J.-M. Barbiera Leksykon analizy aktywności. Konceptualizacje zwyczajowych pojęć oraz wystawę poświęconą dziejom pedagogiki społecznej w UŁ. Wydarzenie było również uczczeniem setnej rocznicy urodzin profesor Ireny Lepalczyk przypadającej 1 października 2016 r. Dyskusja dotyczyła pojęć kluczowych dla autorskiej koncepcji analizy aktywności, zaprezentowanej w Leksykonie. Podkreślano przy tym zarówno propozycję znaczeń nieoczywistych zaproponowanych przez J.-M. Barbiera, jak i oryginalną strukturę książki. Zastanawiano się również m.in. nad uniwersalnością koncepcji i samego Leksykonu.
Pedagogiczne badania biograficzne w Niemczech
Authors: Ecarius Jutta
Published: October 2017

Badania biograficzne w naukach o wychowaniu, stosując swoją metodologię i metody, analizują procesy uczenia się, wychowania, kształtowania i socjalizacji, by móc na ich podstawie uzasadnić relacje między człowiekiem i kształtowaniem oraz pedagogicznym działaniem i refleksją nad przedmiotem. W artykule przedstawiono kierunki historycznego rozwoju, począwszy od Oświecenia, przez empiryczny zwrot ku codzienności, po ugruntowanie badań biograficznych w XX. w., a także współczesne pola badawcze w naukach o wychowaniu wraz z metodologiczno-metodycznymi koncepcjami.
Uczenie się z własnej biografii jako egzemplifikacja biograficznego uczenia się
Authors: Dubas Elżbieta
Published: October 2017

Artykuł odnosi się do wyników projektu dotyczącego badania biografii, realizowanego w latach 2008–2010, pod nazwą „Uczenie się z własnej biografii”. Uczenie się z własnej biografii stanowi egzemplifikację biograficznego uczenia się. Tekst prezentuje wyniki badań projektowych opisujące uczenie się z własnej biografii w perspektywie: ontologicznej, epistemologicznej, metodologicznej i metodycznej; ukazuje człowieka jako istotę biograficzną. Przedstawia proces badania/poznawania własnej biografii oraz proces poznawania (rzeczywistości) poprzez biografię. Prezentuje trzy konteksty rozumienia i doświadczania uczenia się z własnej biografii. Zawiera metodyczne odniesienia dla edukacji dorosłych.
Daughter–Father Relationships. Biographical Research from a Feminist Perspective
Authors: Ostaszewska Aneta
Published: October 2017

This article aims to contribute to the debate about the reflection on biographical experiences, in particular, the relationship between daughter and father. It presents my research project devoted to young adult women, students, and their perceptions of their relationships with fathers. It also contains an analysis of autobiographical essays of female students (the research participants). The main idea of this research is to appreciate the women’s points of view and to underline the role of reflexivity in the constitution of self-knowledge. Also, I try to discuss my process of becoming a reflective feminist researcher.
Random Acts of Violence? Examining Probabilistic Independence of the Temporal Distribution of Mass Killing Events in the United States
Authors: King Douglas M. , Jacobson Sheldon H.
Published: October 2017

Recent mass killings, such as those in Newtown, Connecticut, and Aurora, Colorado, have brought new attention to mass killings in the United States. This article examines 323 mass killings taking place between January 1, 2006, and October 4, 2016, to assess how they are distributed over time. In particular, we find that they appear to be uniformly distributed over time, which suggests that their rate has remained stable over the past decade. Moreover, analysis of subsets of these mass killings sharing a common trait (e.g., family killings, public killings) suggests that they exhibit a memoryless property, suggesting that mass killing events within each category are random in the sense that the occurrence of a mass killing event does not signal whether another mass killing event is imminent. However, the same memoryless property is not found when combining all mass killings into a single analysis, consistent with earlier research that found evidence of a contagion effect among mass killing events. Because of the temporal randomness of public mass killings and the wide geographic area over which they can occur, these results imply that these events may be best addressed by systemic infrastructure-based interventions that deter such events, incorporate resiliency into the response system, or impede such events until law enforcement can respond when they do occur.
The Testing Effect and Its Relation to Working Memory Capacity and Personality Characteristics
Authors: Bertilsson Frida , Wiklund-Hörnqvist Carola , Stenlund Tova , Jonsson Bert
Published: October 2017

Retrieval practice is known to lead to better retention of a to-be-learned material than restudy (i.e., the testing effect). However, few studies have investigated retrieval practice in relation to working memory capacity (WMC) and personality characteristics such as grittiness (Grit) and need for cognition (NFC). In two experiments, we examined retrieval practice and restudy of Swahili–Swedish word pairs in relation to individual differences in Grit and NFC. In Experiment 1, using a between-subjects design, a significant main effect of retention interval was qualified by a Group × Retention Interval interaction. However, there were no effects of Grit or NFC. In Experiment 2, a within-subjects design was used, and a measure of WMC was included. The analyses revealed a testing effect; but again, WMC, Grit, and NFC were not significantly associated with performance. These results indicate that retrieval practice levels out the playing field regarding WMC, NFC, and Grit.
Long-Term Care Planning and the Changing Landscape of LGBT Aging: Student Research With Diverse Elders in the Bronx
Authors: McGovern Justine , Gardner Daniel , Brown Dwayne , Gasparro Vita
Published: October 2017

This article reports on an exploratory study examining end-of-life planning among members of a lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) senior center in the Bronx, New York, that provided social work students hands-on qualitative research experience in an urban setting. Despite health disparities such as increased rates of depression and isolation and shortened life expectancy as compared to non–LGBT-identified peers, older members of LGBT communities demonstrate resilience as they face their own aging and mortality without traditional family caregivers. Findings suggest that previous experiences providing care for dying adult loved ones can improve well-being by clarifying personal care wishes, promoting planning for end of life, and diminishing anxiety about death. Implications extend beyond LGBT older adults to persons facing late life without care partners for a variety of reasons.
FORENSIC MEDICAL AND MEDICO-SOCIAL ASPECTS OF SUICIDES IN WORKPLACES
Authors: Zykov V. V. , Mal’tsev A. E. , Sheshunov I. V.
Published: October 2017

Research objective was the analysis of suicides in the Kirov region in workplaces. The volume of researches has been presented by the 880 questionnaires which were collected by poll of their relatives. Suicides have happened on the territory of the Kirov region in 2006–2012. The analysis has shown that annually in the Kirov region about 2% of complete suicides have been committed in workplaces. Suicides in workplaces have been noted only among men. Major factors of risk of suicides in workplaces were: professions of physical work, a male, low educational level, age of 50–59 years, time of day from 6 to 12 o’clock, existence of the conflicts at work, somatic diseases and alcoholism.
REVIEW OF THE BOOK “HISTORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE”
Authors: Nazarov Y. V.
Published: October 2017

This article provides a detailed analysis of the book «History of forensic medicine» under the editorship of doctor of medical Sciences, Professor of forensic medicine, Chairman of the Institute of forensic medicine of the University of Bonn Burkhard Madea, we give an objective assessment of the information provided in this research publication. Noted the contribution of the doctor of medical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Alexandrovich Klevno and doctor of medical Sciences, associate Professor Viktor Yuryevich Nazarov in the writing of a Chapter about the history of forensic medicine of the Russian Federation.
Crecimiento, rendimiento y rentabilidad del maíz VS-535 en función del biofertilizante y nitrógeno
Authors: Aguilar Carpio Cid , Escalante-Estrada José Alberto Salvador , Aguilar-Mariscal Immer , Pérez-Ramírez Adriana
Published: October 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del biofertilizante y del nitrógeno en la variedad sintética de maíz VS-535 sobre la ocurrencia de las fases fenológicas, análisis de crecimiento, rendimiento, componentes, eficiencia en el uso del agua, contenido de nitrógeno y la rentabilidad. La siembra se realizó el 10 de julio de 2012, los tratamientos fueron la inoculación de biofertilizante y la aplicación de 0, 80 y 160 kg ha−1 de nitrógeno. Se contabilizó el número de hojas y el área foliar, con lo que se calculó el índice (IAF) y la duración de área foliar (DAFT). También se determinó el contenido de materia seca (MS), las tasa de crecimiento del cultivo (TCC), y la tasa de asimilación neta (TAN). En madurez siológica se evaluó el contenido de materia seca (MS) y el rendimiento de grano (RG), se calculó la e ciencia en el uso del agua y del nitrógeno, y se realizó un análisis económico. Con 160 kg ha−1 de nitrógeno se tuvo el mayor IAF y DAFT. Para MS, EUA, EAN, TCC, mientras que las mayores TAN se tuvieron con biofertilizante y nitrógeno a 80 y 160 kg ha−1. Para RG la mayor respuesta se encontró con biofertilizante y nitrógeno a 160 kg ha−1, lo que genero la mayor rentabilidad del cultivo.
Productivity of pigs fed with solid-state fermented apple pomace and an enzymatic complex
Authors: Chamorro-Ramírez Francisco Héctor , García-Macías José Arturo , Durán-Meléndez Lorenzo Antonio , Peña-González Esmeralda Mónica , González-Sánchez José Fernando
Published: October 2017

The productive performance of pigs fed with solid-state fermented apple pomace (FAP) and an enzymatic complex (ENZ) was evaluated. Twenty-four Landrace x York (38.9±3.6 kg) pigs fed ad libitum with different diet treatments including FAP and ENZ; T0-0 (0 g kg-1 FAP – 0 g kg-1 ENZ), T0-1 (0  g kg-1 FAP + 1 g kg-1 ENZ), T50-0 (50 g kg-1 FAP + 0 g kg-1 ENZ), T50-1 (50 g kg-1 FAP + 1 g kg-1 ENZ), T100-0 (100 g kg-1 FAP + 0 g kg-1 ENZ) and T100-1 (100 g kg-1 FAP + 1 g kg-1ENZ). Feed intake, F:G ratio, growth characteristics, the return on investment by monetary unit (profitability index, PI) and carcass traits were evaluated. Productivity was not affected by FAP or ENZ (P>0.05) as well as feeding characteristics (P>0.05). Hot dressing percent was affected by ENZ (P=0.0497). T100-0 showed similar value to T0-0. Primary cuts yield was not negatively affected (P>0.05). The best PI was obtained to T50–0 in growing phase. FAP improved PI only in growing phase and ENZ combined with FAP showed variant PI. The results showed that FAP may be considered as an adequate option to feeding pigs maintaining animal productivity.
Age and weight at puberty in tropical dairy criollo heifers with and without supplementary feeding
Authors: Severino-Lendechy Víctor Hugo , Montiel-Palacios Felipe , Pérez-Hernández Ponciano
Published: October 2017

The e ect of supplementary feeding on age and weight at puberty was evaluated in 79 pre-pubertal Tropical Dairy Criollo (TDC) heifers of 8 and 10 months of age, distributed in four treatments: T1 and T2) 8 month old heifers with and without supplementary feeding (WSF, n= 20) and (NSF, n= 20), respectively; T3 and T4) 10 month old heifers (WSF, n= 20) and (NSF, n= 19). Average age and weight at puberty in T2 and T4 was 20.4 ± 0.5 months and 287.2 ± 5.9 kg compared with 17.5 ± 0.6 months and 296.8 ± 7.8 kg in T1 and T3 (p < 0.05). The number, follicular diameter (mm) and concentration of progesterone (ng mL−1) in blood was higher (p < 0.05) in T1 and T3 compared to T2 and T4. Supplementary feeding decreases the age at puberty, increases weight gain, improves follicular development and increases blood progesterone concentration in TDC females.
Consumo de cigarrillos y elasticidad precio-demanda. Cuba 2016
Authors: Suarez-Lugo Nery De la Concepcion
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: Determinar el consumo per cápita de cigarrillos; estimar el precio promedio de la cajetilla; caracterizar el mercado; establecer la elasticidad
de la demanda y valorar aspectos económicos y sociales asociados al consumo en el año 2016.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal, utilizando fuente de datos agregados de series temporales empleando: análisis
de información secundaria, entrevista individual a informantes clave, observación no participante y consulta a expertos.
Resultados: En el año 2016, el consumo per cápita en la población cubana de 15 años y más, fue de 1 657 cigarrillos, incremento de 1,09 % en relación
al 2015. El precio promedio estimado de la cajetilla fue 9,70 pesos cubanos, 10,85 % más que 2015. De cada 100 cigarrillos que se vendieron, 76
fueron adquiridos en pesos cubanos y 24 en pesos cubanos convertibles. El coeficiente de elasticidad de la demanda fue 0,1, que ratifica la inelasticidad
del precio con relación a la demanda.
Conclusiones: El consumo per cápita de cigarrillos en el 2016, corroboró la presencia de una tendencia creciente; el incremento del precio promedio de
la cajetilla de cigarrillos no resultó suficiente para reducir el consumo y ratificó el precio como elemento central para lograr tal propósito; el mercado se
caracterizó por la preferencia de la oferta de menor precio; los factores sociales y económicos no produjeron elasticidad cruzada, la demanda inelástica
implica que es posible, a través de impuestos alcanzar metas de salud pública y aumentar la recaudación fiscal de manera simultánea.
Hábitos alimentarios y estado nutricional en trabajadores de la industria petrolera
Authors: Torres-Zapata Angel Esteban , Solis-Cardouwer Olga Chalim , Rodríguez-Rosas Cristina , Moguel-Ceballos Juan Eduardo , Zapata-Gerónimo Degrai
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: Determinar los hábitos alimentarios, estilos de vida, así como las características antropométricas y de composición corporal de los
trabajadores de la empresa Materiales y Equipos Petroleros que permita establecer las pautas para un plan de mejora.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental transversal con la participación voluntaria de 41 trabajadores
en activo a los cuales se les aplicó un cuestionario de datos personales, estilos de vida y un registro alimentario. Además, se les midieron una serie de
datos antropométricos y de composición corporal.
Resultados: Los hombres eran más sedentarios y bebían más alcohol que las mujeres. Los sujetos con normopeso practicaban más horas de actividad
física que los sujetos con sobrepeso y que los obesos. La dieta de los hombres fue hiper calórica (154 %) mientras en mujeres fue isocalórica (108 %)
y en ambos grupos se observó una ingesta de colesterol elevada y menor consumo de fibra. El índice de masa corporal se acompañó de un aumento del
perímetro cintura, de la cadera, de la masa grasa y del porciento grasa corporal.
Conclusiones: La mayor parte de la muestra presentó hábitos de vida y alimentación poco saludables. Se identificó que la ingesta de lípidos y colesterol
estaban elevadas mientras que la ingesta de fibra estaba disminuida con respecto a los valores recomendados.
Mirada al Movimiento Iberoamericano de Universidades Promotoras de la Salud
Authors: V.-Arroyo Hiram
Published: October 2017

La Universidad como institución educativa ha tenido históricamente la encomienda de contribuir al desarrollo humano y social a través de la generación de conocimiento, la investigación, la enseñanza y las acciones de extensión y vinculación social comunitaria. Hoy día es imperante que las Universidades amplíen su visión, misión y planes estratégicos a los fines de tener mayor sonoridad en los ideales de equidad, justicia social y libertades. La salud es otro de lo valores que debe ser centro de atención de las universidades e instituciones de educación superior. Insistir en los objetivos de promoción de la salud, bienestar, calidad de vida y desarrollo sostenible como ejes de la salud integral es otro de los derroteros de una universidad moderna y cabal.
EFECTO DE LA 17α-METILTESTOSTERONA EN LA MASCULINIZACIÓN DE LA MOJARRA NATIVA Petenia splendida
Authors: Contreras García María de Jesús , Contreras Sánchez Wilfrido Miguel , Mcdonal Vera Alejandro , Hernández Vidal Ulises
Published: October 2017

La mojarra nativa 'Petenia splendida' (tenguayaca) es un pez dulceacuícola de importancia tradicional y comercial para el estado de Tabasco, México. Se ha observado que se reproduce a tallas muy pequeñas, impidiendo el buen crecimiento de los peces en un sistema de cultivo por lo cual se realizó un estudio para determinar la dosis necesaria para la masculinización de este cíclido, usando el esteroide sintético17α-Metiltestosterona con fines de engorda. Se empleó un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro tratamientos y tres réplicas durante 28 días. Los resultados indican diferencias estadísticamente significativas (χ2; P=0.01) entre los tratamientos para el porcentaje de machos (66.51±7.5 y 100 % para el grupo control y para la dosis de 60 mg/kg de alimento, respectivamente). El rango de sobrevivencia tuvo valores de entre 41 y 83 %. Con los resultados del estudio se determinó la eficiencia del esteroide en la masculinización del cíclido.

Palabras clave: Tenguayaca; masculinización; cultivo; esteroides.
DIMENSIÓN SOCIOAMBIENTAL DEL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE MEDIDAS DE ADAPTACIÓN SOCIALMENTE ACEPTABLES
Authors: Macías Valadez Treviño María Elena , Gama Campillo Lilia María
Published: October 2017

El cambio climático atípico, provocado mayormente por el estilo de vida posmodernista, ha sido estudiado desde su perspectiva ambiental. Sin embargo, es necesario atenderlo desde su dimensión socioambiental ya que la actividad humana actual es su principal causa. Este problema tiene su origen en la contaminación producida a partir de la Revolución Industrial y el estilo de vida consumista que ha hecho crisis a partir de la II Guerra Mundial. Desde entonces, el desarrollo económico ha estado por encima del cuidado al ambiente natural y de la salud de la población. En este contexto, se requiere conocer la percepción de la gente frente a la problemática para difundir información relevante sobre sus causas y consecuencias con el objeto de que los habitantes de una comunidad definan posibles medidas de adaptación ante el impacto del cambio climático para reducir su vulnerabilidad.

Palabras clave: Dimensión socioambiental; cambio climático; medidas de adaptación.
REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES: UNA TEORÍA Y MÉTODO DE LA PSICOLOGÍA SOCIAL PARA ABORDAR PROBLEMAS SOCIOAMBIENTALES
Authors: Macías Valadez Treviño María Elena
Published: October 2017

Este ensayo sobre representaciones sociales, una teoría y método de la psicología social para abordar problemas socioambientales presenta un panorama general del origen y la evolución de la teoría de las representaciones sociales que se considera un método valioso para abordar problemas socio-ambientales planteados con interrogantes respecto al estudio de percepciones, valores, y esquemas que las personas tienen de un problema particular. El documento concluye con una definición propia.

Palabras clave: Representaciones sociales; problemas socioambientales.
Tradução e Validação da Escala FOUR para a Pediatria e o seu Uso Como Indicador Prognóstico: Um Estudo Piloto
Authors: Ferreira Sofia Simões , Meireles Daniel , Pinto Alexandra , Abecasis Francisco
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A escala FOUR - Full Outline of UnResponsiveness, já validada na população adulta, avalia a depressão do estado de consciência. O objetivo deste estudo consiste na tradução para português e validação da escala FOUR na população pediátrica, assim como na comparação da pontuação obtida e da evolução clínica dos doentes entre a escala FOUR e a escala de coma de Glasgow, nos doentes internados numa unidade de cuidados intensivos pediátricos.Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional prospetivo, envolvendo os doentes internados na unidade de cuidados intensivos pediátricos com depressão do estado de consciência, durante um ano. Ambas as escalas foram aplicadas diariamente aos doentes, por três avaliadores (médicos especialistas, médicos internos e enfermeiros), desde a admissão até à alta clínica, e as sequelas neurológicas foram avaliadas através da escala King’s Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury - KOSCHI.Resultados: Foram incluídos 27 doentes com idades compreendidas entre um e 17 anos. Ambas as escalas são fiáveis e a concordância inter-avaliador foi superior na escala FOUR. A escala de coma de Glasgow apresentou pontuação mínima em oito avaliações. No entanto, a escala FOUR apresentou o score mínimo em apenas duas dessas avaliações. Em ambas as escalas verificou-se uma forte associação entre o valor obtido à entrada e a evolução clínica do doente (escala FOUR: área sob a curva =0,939; escala de coma de Glasgow: área sob a curva = 0,925).Discussão: A escala FOUR fornece mais informação sobre o estado neurológico dos doentes do que a escala de coma de Glasgow e tem interesse prognóstico.Conclusão: A escala FOUR pode ser aplicada nos doentes internados com depressão do estado de consciência na unidade de cuidados intensivos pediátricos. Consideramos que um estudo multicêntrico seria importante para confirmar estes resultados.
Ser Mãe Depois dos 35 Anos: Será Diferente?
Authors: Marques Bárbara , Palha Francisca , Moreira Edgar , Valente Sandra , Abrantes Margarida , Saldanha Joana
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A idade materna avançada corresponde à maternidade depois dos 35 anos. Está associada a maior número de complicações na gravidez e período neonatal e ainda à diminuição da fertilidade. Propôs-se analisar a relação entre idade materna avançada e suas consequências materno-fetais, assim como a perceção materna dos riscos de uma gravidez depois dos 35 anos.Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospetivo, descritivo e comparativo entre dois grupos: Grupo idade materna avançada (idade ≥ 35 anos) e Grupo não-idade materna avançada (idade < 35 anos), efetuado entre março e junho de 2015. Utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher e considerado significativo se p < 0,05.Resultados: Das 736 puérperas internadas (32,2% com idade materna avançada), 306 foram incluídas no estudo (153 em cada grupo). No grupo não-idade materna avançada verificou-se um maior número de primíparas (p < 0,01). No grupo idade materna avançada observou-se um maior número de abortos espontâneos prévios (p < 0,001) e foi superior o recurso a técnicas de reprodução medicamente assistida (p < 0,01), a realização de amniocentese (p < 0,001) e o número de partos distócicos, nomeadamente cesarianas (p < 0,001). Não se encontraram diferenças em relação à presença de patologia materna na gravidez, malformações congénitas, necessidade de reanimação neonatal ou prematuridade. Quanto à perceção do risco numa gravidez em idade materna avançada, o grupo não-idade materna avançada considerou-o superior (p < 0,05).Discussão: A maior parte das mulheres em idade materna avançada tiveram partos de termo e sem complicações. Os resultados neonatais parecem não ter sido influenciados pela idade materna avançada. Conclusão: As consequências de uma gravidez em idade materna avançada na nossa amostra não tiveram a mesma expressão clínica que as descritas na literatura. No futuro, a idade materna avançada será possivelmente considerada após os 40 anos.
Negative βhCG and Molar Pregnancy: The Hook Effect
Authors: Lobo Antunes Isabel , Curado Joana , Quintas Ana , Pereira Alcides
Published: October 2017

Molar pregnancy, included in gestational trophoblastic disease, is a benign pathology with ability to metastasize, usually occurring with excessively high βhCG levels. Clinical scenario is usually a woman in extremes of reproductive age presenting with amenorrhoea, pain and vaginal blood loss; signs derived from high βhCG levels may be present (hyperthyroidism, hyperemesis). Diagnosis is based on a positive pregnancy test – usually a qualitative urinary test. The limitation of this test results from its inability to become positive in presence of markedly high levels of βhCG, saturating the antigens used – known as the ‘hook effect’. With the widespread use of gynaecological ultrasound cases of molar pregnancy have been diagnosed in timely fashion. We describe a case referred as a degenerating fibroid, with a negative urinary pregnancy test. Transvaginal ultrasound was highly suggestive of molar pregnancy, which was confirmed with a quantitative βhCG test, allowing for timely treatment. The importance of a high index of suspicion for this pathology is tremendous to avoid the devastating consequences of a delayed diagnosis.
De lactante a niño. Alimentación en diversas etapas de la vida y avances en nutrición
Authors: Jiménez Ortega Ana Isabel
Published: October 2017

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Evolución de la información y comunicación nutricional en alimentos y bebidas en los últimos 50 años
Authors: Quirós-Villegas Deyanira
Published: October 2017

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Beneficios de la soja en la salud femenina
Authors: Martín Salinas Carmen
Published: October 2017

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Azúcares totales y añadidos en la dieta media española: Estudio ANIBES
Authors: Ruiz Enma
Published: October 2017

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Prevención de la obesidad desde la etapa perinatal
Authors: Martínez García Rosa Mª
Published: October 2017

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Ácidos grasos de cadena corta (ácido butírico) y patologías intestinales
Authors: Manrique Vergara David
Published: October 2017

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Utilidad de los esteroles vegetales en el tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia
Authors: Pascual Fuster Vicente
Published: October 2017

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Recreational Cannabis Legalization and Opioid-Related Deaths in Colorado, 2000–2015
Authors: Livingston Melvin D. , Barnett Tracey E. , Delcher Chris , Wagenaar Alexander C.
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To examine the association between Colorado’s legalization of recreational cannabis use and opioid-related deaths.

Methods. We used an interrupted time-series design (2000–2015) to compare changes in level and slope of monthly opioid-related deaths before and after Colorado stores began selling recreational cannabis. We also describe the percent change in opioid-related deaths by comparing the unadjusted model-smoothed number of deaths at the end of follow-up with the number of deaths just prior to legalization.

Results. Colorado’s legalization of recreational cannabis sales and use resulted in a 0.7 deaths per month (b = −0.68; 95% confidence interval = −1.34, −0.03) reduction in opioid-related deaths. This reduction represents a reversal of the upward trend in opioid-related deaths in Colorado.

Conclusions. Legalization of cannabis in Colorado was associated with short-term reductions in opioid-related deaths. As additional data become available, research should replicate these analyses in other states with legal recreational cannabis.
Análise de custo-efetividade da terapia renal substitutiva contínua versus intermitente para pacientes graves com lesão renal aguda, na perspectiva do Sistema Suplementar de Saúde brasileiro
Authors: Ramirez Manuel , Costa Maristela , Costa Milena
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é comparar custos e desfechos da Terapia de Substituição Renal Contínua (CRRT) versus Hemodiálise Intermitente (IRRT) em pacientes com lesão renal aguda sob a perspectiva do sistema suplementar de saúde no Brasil. Métodos: Um modelo analítico de decisão foi desenvolvido baseado nos resultados clínicos encontrados no estudo de Ethgen et al., 2015. Este estudo seguiu o padrão CHEERS (Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards) para reportar a avaliação econômica. Quando a lesão renal aguda ocorre na UTI, inicia-se a CRRT ou IRRT. Definiu-se que o tempo de internação hospitalar e o tempo em UTI foram os mesmos para as duas modalidades. O modelo também assumiu que, se os pacientes ficassem dependentes de diálise, eles não recuperavam sua função renal e permaneciam em diálise ou evoluíam a óbito. O horizonte do estudo foi de 1 ano, 5 anos (caso-base) e 20 anos. Apenas custos diretos para o sistema privado foram considerados. Para desfechos clínicos (utilities), a referência foi o estudo de Klarenbach & Manns, 2009. Conforme diretrizes brasileiras de avaliação de tecnologias em saúde, tanto custos como desfechos foram descontados à taxa de 5% ao ano com análise de sensibilidade na faixa de 0% a 10% ao ano. Além disso, foram realizadas duas análises de sensibilidade: uma univariada e outra determinística bivariada considerando os dois parâmetros-chave que diferenciam CRRT de IRRT: a diferença de custo de implementação por dia e o risco cumulativo de dependência de diálise. Ambas as análises foram rodadas com o horizonte de tempo de 1 ano, 5 anos e de tempo total de vida. Para determinar se o tratamento era custo-efetivo, conforme práticas locais, utilizou-se o limiar de três vezes o Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) per capita, qual seja R$ 84.741 (3 x R$ 28.247). Resultados: Quando se compara CRRT à IRRT para o tratamento inicial da lesão renal aguda, CRRT é dominante versus IRRT a partir de 17 meses de tratamento. Com base nas premissas deste estudo, a coorte de pacientes inicialmente tratada com CRRT tem melhores desfechos clínicos (QALYs – Anos de Vida Ajustados pela Qualidade) e custos totais de tratamento mais baixos. Pacientes tratados com CRRT têm maior probabilidade de recuperar a função renal. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que CRRT, quando comparada à IRRT, pode ser considerada uma terapia preferencial, ou seja, apresenta melhores desfechos com menor custo total de tratamento, sob a perspectiva do sistema suplementar de saúde no Brasil.
Custo-efetividade de trimetazidina no tratamento de angina estável em pacientes diabéticos não respondedores a betabloqueadores, nitratos e bloqueadores do canal de cálcio
Authors: Cesar Luiz Antonio , Pepe Camila , Arinelli Roberta
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar o custo-efetividade da trimetazidina (TMZ) associada ao tratamento convencional (diurético, ácido acetilsalicílico [AAS], betabloqueador, inibidores da enzima de conversão da angiotensina (IECA), nitrato, estatina, digitálico e antagonista dos canais de cálcio) versus tratamento convencional isolado no tratamento de pacientes diabéticos com angina estável não respondedores a betabloqueadores, nitratos e bloqueadores do canal de cálcio sob a perspectiva do Sistema Público de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: Foi elaborado um modelo de Markov, com ciclos de 1 ano, que acompanhou os pacientes ao longo do curso natural da doença até o final de suas vidas. Dados clínicos foram obtidos a partir de revisão da literatura. Custos unitários foram extraídos de bases de dados oficiais. Apenas custos médicos diretos foram contemplados. Custos e benefícios foram descontados a uma taxa de 5% ao ano. Desfecho clínico foi expresso como episódio de hospitalização por angina pectoris (EHAP) evitado. Análise de sensibilidade univariada foi realizada para determinar os parâmetros de maior influência nos resultados, variando-os em mais ou menos 20% compara[1]do ao cenário base. Resultados: O tratamento com TMZ mostrou maior benefício comparado ao tratamento convencional e gerou uma Razão de Custo-Efetividade Incremental de R$ 7.344,96 por EHAP evitado. O parâmetro de maior impacto no resultado foi o número de episódios de angina pectoris. Apesar do alto impacto, este não alterou o resultado da análise, mantendo-o custo-efetivo. Conclusão: TMZ associada ao tratamento convencional mostrou ser uma alternativa eficaz, segura e custo-efetiva para o tratamento de pacientes diabéticos com angina estável não respondedores a betabloqueadores, nitratos e bloqueadores do canal de cálcio.
Registo de saúde eletrónico: contributos para novos modelos organizacionais no sector público da saúde
Authors: Correia Pedro Miguel , Bernardes Helena
Published: October 2017

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os Registos de Saúde Eletrónicos, pertencente a utentes com internamento, numa unidade de cuidados de um hospital público, em Portugal. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados relativos ao ano de 2014 e 2015, referentes a 668 doentes, com 14.001 dias de internamento, 4.123 diagnósticos e 614.634 intervenções, pelo que podemos considerar a análise empírica robusta. Resultados: Em ambos os anos, é notório que os dados são bem aproximados por funções exponenciais, o que fica espelhado pelos coeficientes de determinação extremamente elevados, obtidos para cada um dos casos. Este facto têm como implicação que a maior parte do trabalho efetivo dos enfermeiros desta unidade de cuidados advém de um pequeno número de tipos de intervenção, sendo possível argumentar, de forma análoga ao verificado para os diagnósticos, o que tem impactos importantes ao nível da gestão. Conclusões: A análise dos dados revelaram potencial para a criação de indicadores e análise da qualidade. Os Registos de Saúde Eletrónicos permitem a medição de resultados e também a identificação de melhores práticas clínicas associadas a esses resultados, devendo ser visto como uma ferramenta de gestão e de investigação, que pode apoiar processos de trabalho e de inovação na prestação de cuidados.
Economic evaluation of antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review
Authors: Santos André , Godói Isabella , Vidal Carlos Eduardo , Ruas Cristina
Published: October 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review on cost-effectiveness analysis of oral antipsychotic agents to identify the trend of cost-effectiveness of drugs available for the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods: A search was conducted in three databases (MEDLINE, LILACS and PsycINFO) for head-to-head economic comparisons of antipsychotic agents. A manual search in journals, dissertations and theses databases, congresses abstracts and the Cochrane Library was also conducted to ensure comprehensiveness. After evaluation by independent reviewers, complete economic evaluations of oral antipsychotic medications were included in the final analysis. Results: Twenty four studies were included in the final analysis. The trend observed in the pooled studies showed that risperidone, olanzapine and clozapine were the most cost-effective drugs included to treat schizophrenia. Aripiprazole and haloperidol were considered comparable to quetiapine or ziprasidone and less cost-effective than olanzapine and risperidone in the pooled analysis. After removal of comparisons that had sponsored drugs included, risperidone, olanzapine and clozapine were still considered the most cost-effective strategies to treat schizophrenia. The analysis of only cost-utility studies shows approximately the same results of the other analysis. Conclusions: An analysis that consider first- vs. second-generation antipsychotics polled together might be biased by the different profiles of the specific drugs, not considering the heterogeneity of the group of second-generation antipsychotics. There seems to be a difference in the cost-effectiveness profiles between specific antipsychotic drugs. Risperidone, olanzapine and clozapine seem to be the drugs most considered cost-effective to treat schizophrenia. This result was robust to changes in funding.
Evidências econômicas de intervenções em saúde sob a perspectiva do sistema único de saúde: por que e para que produzi-las e utilizá-las?
Authors: Vieira Fabiola
Published: October 2017

O Brasil vem promovendo avanços significativos desde os anos 1990 quanto à produção e ao uso de evidências econômicas na tomada de decisão sobre intervenções em saúde. Mas essa produção ainda é insuficiente para dar respostas a todas as questões formuladas no âmbito do sistema. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é o de discutir as possibilidades de uso de evidências econômicas disponíveis na literatura científica internacional na tomada de decisão no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e a necessidade de produção e uso dessas evidências na tomada de decisão em saúde. Para tanto, revisão bibliográfica da literatura foi realizada com o propósito de identificar estudos que apresentem resultados relevantes para as questões analisadas neste trabalho. Sobre a transferibilidade de evidências econômicas produzidas em outros países para uso na tomada de decisão sobre intervenções no SUS, o que os achados da literatura revelam é que existem muitas limitações a esse respeito. Ademais, os métodos para adaptação de avaliações econômicas ainda são pouco discutidos. Com isso, tem-se que as possibilidades de uso de evidências econômicas obtidas da literatura internacional em decisões no âmbito do SUS são extremamente limitadas e, portanto, ao se reconhecer a relevância dessas evidências na tomada de decisão em saúde, chega-se à conclusão de que é preciso produzi-las usando dados e informações do SUS.