bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of “Hizb ut-Tahrir” Coverage of in the Ukrainian Media (2001–2021)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Kurbanov Robert , Tsibenko Veronika
Published: February 2022

The study of the Islamist religious and political movement “Hizb ut-Tahrir” gained sig-nificant importance since it became highly active in the modern world, in particular, in the post-Soviet space. Although it is of interest to researchers, the attitude towards “Hizb ut-Tahrir” in the society and political elites in Ukraine has not become an object of research until now. The au-thors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the positioning of the movement in the Ukrainian media, taking into account the context of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the “Crimean” issue that became the main topic in the coverage of “Hizb ut-Tahrir” by the Ukrainian press after 2014. Applying the content analysis method as a basis for the study, the authors analysed the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of “Hizb ut-Tahrir” coverage in the Ukrainian media. The present paper focuses on the publications of the most popular state, private and foreign electronic media operating in Ukraine over the past 20 years. The authors found a significant increase in the number of publications on “Hizb ut-Tahrir” since 2014, as well as a radical change in the discourse of the Ukranian media, consisting in the ethnisation and politicisation of the issue. The authors attribute the reasons for these changes to fact that the “Hizb ut-Tahrir” issue has become an effective tool of pressure on Russia from the political elites of Ukraine and the West.
Islam and the Russian State in the Imperial Period: the Nature and Stages of Relations
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Saidov Akhmedkhan , Yakhyaevna Alibekova ,   the Regional Center for Ethnopolitical Research, DPRC RAS
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the Islamic policy of the Russian state in the Imperial Period, which today is of great interest to the Russian academia due to a wide involvement of socio-historical knowledge in the process of developing a modern concept of state structure in the Russian Federation. Analyzing the current controversy on this issue associated with finding legitimate, political and ideological grounds for the new concept and comparing various ideological positions and assessments of the nature of the relationship between Islam and the imperial state, the authors discover a differentiated approach of the imperial state to different Muslim peoples and their social categories. A significant drawback of contemporary controversy is that its participants, when dealing with such an essential issue, do not attach importance to the Eurasian, multi-ethnic, confessional and civilizational foundations of integration and modernization of the Russian society, thus repeating the mistakes of tsarism and post-Soviet “Westernizers”. Due to the use of new ideological approaches and sources of information, the authors integrate the most important elements of Islamic political culture with political and legal processes in the Russian state and analyze the conditions and positive factors that can give stability and dynamic development to the Russian society proceeding from its civilizational essence. The work highlights qualitatively different stages of the relationship between Islam and the imperial state, reveals the socio-political, ideological and moral limitations of tsarism. The authors conclude that only a truly democratic and legitimate system of government in Russia is capable of creating and sustaining the political and ideological foundations of state-building based on indepth civilizational, ethnic and confessional Eurasian priorities. Regrettably, these characteristics were not inherent to the Russian Empire and are not typical of contemporary Russia.
Tajj al-Din ibn Yalchighul’s Interpretation of Surahs 105, 106 and 107 of the Qur’an
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Saitbattalov Iskander
Published: February 2022

The article examines the key features of the Qur’anic exegesis of Bashkir Sufi and scholar Tajj al-Din ibn Yalchighul (1767–1837) expressed in his interpretation on one-seventh part of the Qur’an in the Turkic language written in 1829 and published several times between 1859 and 1917. The author relates Tajj al-Din’s adherence to the historical-narrative and ethical-didactic interpretation of the sacred text to his biography and socio-cultural background. The main factor that influenced his formation as a Muslim scholar was his long-term education in the cultural centers of the Ottoman Empire – the cities of Istanbul and Diyarbekir. Analyzing the sources that Tajj al-Din used while working on his interpretation, the author discovers and ex-plains its connection with the 17th-century Ottoman tafsir “The Brides of the Qur’an”. For the reader to appreciate the technique of interpretation to the full, the author gives a Russian transla-tion of the interpretation of the three short surahs of the Qur’an in the last part of the article.
Attitudes and skills of Tamil language teachers towards the use of ICT in teaching and facilitation
Authors:   Faculty of Languages and Communication, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, et al. Thannimalai
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to find out the attitudes and skills of Tamil teachers towards the use of Information and Communication Technology in Teaching and Facilitation. To achieve the objectives of the study, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used. This study is a quantitative study involving a survey. The present modern world meets a lot of challenges in adopting technology in education. Teachers find the modernized use of information and computer technology (ICT), as a difficult task. Many works have been carried out in the field of ICT-related teaching and learning throughout the globe. These researches talk about the use of computer-based teaching aids, motivation to use technology among teachers, stages of using ICT, training for teachers, facilities available, and school infrastructure. When compared with other studies, this study deals with the attitudes and skills of Tamil language teachers in using ICT. The findings of the study also show that the cooperation of all parties is a factor behind the success of implementing ICT in Tamil teaching and facilitation. And also, the usability factor (PU) is also a motivator for teachers to show a positive attitude towards the use of ICT.
The Regulation of Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) in France: Continuity and Changes in the Development of Prenatal Testing
Authors:   Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, IRIS, EHESS, CNRS, UMR 8156, Inserm U997, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93 000 Bobigny, France, Vassy Carine , Brunet Laurence ,   Institut des Sciences Juridiques et Philosophiques de La Sorbonne, Université Paris 1 CNRS, UMR 8103, 1 rue de la glacière, 75013 Paris, France, Noiville Christine ,   Institut des Sciences Juridiques et Philosophiques de La Sorbonne, Université Paris 1 CNRS, UMR 8103, 1 rue de la glacière, 75013 Paris, France
Published: February 2022

This article examines the regulation of the screening of fetal abnormalities in France before and after the implementation of the new technique of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in 2013. In addition, this article evaluates the effectiveness of the regulatory framework in addressing the ethical and social issues raised by this technique from a legal and sociological perspective. The analysis reveals that the regulations, consistent with that applied to other prenatal screening techniques, fail to take proper account of the following problems posed by NIPT: the continuing increase in the number of abnormalities detected in fetuses, the context of mounting pressure from the manufacturers, and the challenges involved in providing pregnant women with quality information that preserves their reproductive autonomy.
Perfil metabólico de conejos suplementados con niveles de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta
Authors: Moya Romero Diana Carolina , Pires Barbosa Larissa , Morais Machado William , Santana da França Caline , Albuquerque Vieira Renan Luiz , Silva Mendes Claudineia , Almeida Santana Ana Lúcia , Silva Souza Rosiléia
Published: February 2022

Diversas semillas de oleaginosas son fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales indispensables para cubrir las funciones básicas en el organismo. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la dieta de conejos por medio del perfil metabólico. Se utilizaron 20 machos de la raza Nueva Zelandia de 8 meses de edad. Distribuidos en cuatro grupos, recibieron niveles de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta total: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %, durante un período de 88 días. Los animales se sometieron a colecta de sangre cada 22 días para determinar glucosa, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), creatinina y urea. Los datos se evaluaron por análisis de varianza y de regresión con 5 % de significancia. La inclusión de semilla de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta presentó comportamiento cuadrático positivo para concentración plasmática de glucosa y colesterol total. No hubo diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos para la concentración plasmática de triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL) urea. Hubo comportamiento cúbico para lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL) y creatinina. La inclusión de linaza (L. usitatissimum) en la dieta no presentó efecto hipercolesterolémico en estos animales.
Technology Acceptance and Usability of a Virtual Reality Intervention for Military Members and Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Mixed Methods Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Study
Authors: Jones Chelsea , Miguel Cruz Antonio , Smith-MacDonald Lorraine , Brown Matthew R G , Vermetten Eric , Brémault-Phillips Suzette
Published: February 2022

Background

Military members and veterans exhibit higher rates of injuries and illnesses such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because of their increased exposure to combat and other traumatic scenarios. Novel treatments for PTSD are beginning to emerge and increasingly leverage advances in gaming and other technologies, such as virtual reality. Without assessing the degree of technology acceptance and perception of usability to the end users, including the military members, veterans, and their attending therapists and staff, it is difficult to determine whether a technology-based treatment will be used successfully in wider clinical practice. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model is commonly used to address the technology acceptance and usability of applications in 5 domains.

Objective

Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model, the purpose of this study was to determine the technology acceptance and usability of multimodal motion-assisted memory desensitization and reconsolidation (3MDR) on a virtual reality system in the primary user group (military members and veterans with treatment-resistant PTSD, 3MDR therapists, and virtual reality environment operators).

Methods

This mixed methods embedded pilot study included military members (n=3) and veterans (n=8) with a diagnosis of combat-related PTSD, as well as their therapists (n=13) and operators (n=5) who completed pre-post questionnaires before and on completion of 6 weekly sessions of 3MDR. A partial least squares structural equation model was used to analyze the questionnaire results. Qualitative data from the interviews were assessed using thematic analysis.

Results

Effort expectancy, which was the most notable predictor of behavioral intention, increased after a course of 3MDR with the virtual reality system, whereas all other constructs demonstrated no significant change. Participants’ expectations of the technology were met, as demonstrated by the nonsignificant differences in the pre-post scores. The key qualitative themes included feasibility and function, technical support, and tailored immersion.

Conclusions

3MDR via a virtual reality environment appears to be a feasible, usable, and accepted technology for delivering 3MDR to military members and veterans who experience PTSD and 3MDR therapists and operators who facilitate their treatment.
Developing a Clinic-Based, Vaccine-Promoting Intervention for African American Youth in Rural Alabama: Protocol for a Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Implementation Science Trial
Authors: Budhwani Henna , Sharma Vinita , Long Dustin , Simpson Tina
Published: February 2022

Background

African American youth in rural Alabama are clinically underserved and have limited knowledge about the human papillomavirus and the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including knowledge about the risk for developing cervical or oropharyngeal cancers or COVID-19.

Objective

In this 30-month study, we propose to develop an in-clinic, youth-tailored, vaccine-promoting intervention for vaccine hesitancy reduction that can be seamlessly integrated into the existing environments of pediatric and family practice settings in rural Alabama.

Methods

This exploratory, sequential mixed methods study will be conducted in 3 phases. In the first phase, we will assess stakeholders’ knowledge, sentiments, and beliefs related to vaccination in general, COVID-19 vaccination, and human papillomavirus vaccination. We will also assess stakeholders’ perceptions of barriers to vaccination that exist in rural Alabama. This will be followed by a second phase wherein we will use the data collected in the first phase to inform the development and finalization of a noninvasive, modular, synchronous counseling intervention that targets the behaviors of 15- to 26-year-old adolescents. In the third phase, we will conduct a pilot hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess intervention acceptability and feasibility (clinics: N=4; African American youth: N=120) while assessing a “clinical signal” of effectiveness. We will document implementation contexts to provide real-world insight and support dissemination and scale-up.

Results

The study was funded at the end of December 2020. Approval from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Institutional Review Board was obtained in May 2021, and the qualitative data collection process outlined in the first phase of this project concluded in November 2021. The entire study is expected to be complete at the end of December 2023.

Conclusions

The results of the trial will provide much needed information on vaccine hesitancy in rural Alabama, and if found efficacious, the intervention could notably increase rates of vaccinations in one of the most underserved parts of the United States. The results from the trial will provide information that is valuable to public health practitioners and providers in rural settings to inform their efforts in increasing vaccination rates among 15- to 26-year-old African American youth in rural southern United States.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04604743; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04604743

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/33982
The Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign to Increase COVID-19 Testing in Migrant Groups: Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Elgersma Ingeborg Hess , Fretheim Atle , Indseth Thor , Munch Anita Thorolvsen , Johannessen Live Bøe , Hansen Christine Engh
Published: February 2022

Background

A low test positivity rate is key to keeping the COVID-19 pandemic under control. Throughout the pandemic, several migrant groups in Norway have seen higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 and related hospitalizations, while test positivity has remained high in the same groups. The Norwegian government has used several platforms for communication, and targeted social media advertisements have in particular been an important part of the communication strategy to reach these groups.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether such a targeted Facebook campaign increased the rate of COVID-19 tests performed in certain migrant groups.

Methods

We randomly assigned 386 Norwegian municipalities and city districts to intervention or control groups. Individuals born in Eritrea, Iraq, Pakistan, Poland, Russia, Somalia, Syria, and Turkey residing in intervention areas were targeted with a social media campaign aiming at increasing the COVID-19 test rate. The campaign message was in a simple language and conveyed in the users’ main language or in English.

Results

During the 2-week follow-up period, the predicted probability of having a COVID-19 test taken was 4.82% (95% CI 4.47%-5.18%) in the control group, and 5.58% (95% CI 5.20%-5.99%) in the intervention group (P=.004).

Conclusions

Our targeted social media intervention led to a modest increase in test rates among certain migrant groups in Norway.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04866589; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04866589
Natural Language Processing for Assessing Quality Indicators in Free-Text Colonoscopy and Pathology Reports: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Bae Jung Ho , Han Hyun Wook , Yang Sun Young , Song Gyuseon , Sa Soonok , Chung Goh Eun , Seo Ji Yeon , Jin Eun Hyo , Kim Heecheon , An DongUk
Published: February 2022

Background

Manual data extraction of colonoscopy quality indicators is time and labor intensive. Natural language processing (NLP), a computer-based linguistics technique, can automate the extraction of important clinical information, such as adverse events, from unstructured free-text reports. NLP information extraction can facilitate the optimization of clinical work by helping to improve quality control and patient management.

Objective

We developed an NLP pipeline to analyze free-text colonoscopy and pathology reports and evaluated its ability to automatically assess adenoma detection rate (ADR), sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SDR), and postcolonoscopy surveillance intervals.

Methods

The NLP tool for extracting colonoscopy quality indicators was developed using a data set of 2000 screening colonoscopy reports from a single health care system, with an associated 1425 pathology reports. The NLP system was then tested on a data set of 1000 colonoscopy reports and its performance was compared with that of 5 human annotators. Additionally, data from 54,562 colonoscopies performed between 2010 and 2019 were analyzed using the NLP pipeline.

Results

The NLP pipeline achieved an overall accuracy of 0.99-1.00 for identifying polyp subtypes, 0.99-1.00 for identifying the anatomical location of polyps, and 0.98 for counting the number of neoplastic polyps. The NLP pipeline achieved performance similar to clinical experts for assessing ADR, SDR, and surveillance intervals. NLP analysis of a 10-year colonoscopy data set identified great individual variance in colonoscopy quality indicators among 25 endoscopists.

Conclusions

The NLP pipeline could accurately extract information from colonoscopy and pathology reports and demonstrated clinical efficacy for assessing ADR, SDR, and surveillance intervals in these reports. Implementation of the system enabled automated analysis and feedback on quality indicators, which could motivate endoscopists to improve the quality of their performance and improve clinical decision-making in colorectal cancer screening programs.
Digital Dermatology: Experience From Scotland During Lockdown and Beyond
Authors: Muthiah Shareen , Morton Colin A
Published: February 2022

Background

In Scotland, dermatology outpatient services deliver over 300,000 appointments each year. With a significant growth in both new and return attendances, there is an increasing drive for innovative transformation. In response to this challenge, a Digital Dermatology Asynchronous (DDA) consultation platform was co-developed with two National Health Service Dermatology teams. Roll-out of the platform was accelerated during Scotland’s initial COVID-19 lockdown and its wider scope was prospectively evaluated.

Objective

The aims of the platform were to (1) improve the patient experience by reducing the need to attend hospital for consultations; (2) modernize delivery of outpatient care, providing clinicians with a store-and-forward form of telemedicine; (3) use an integrated digital platform—linked with booking systems and the electronic patient records—to increase efficiency and capacity, thereby creating a more sustainable outpatient service; and (4) create a positive environmental impact by reducing travel and hence the carbon footprint.

Methods

During an 11-week “lockdown” period from late March 2020, a total of 405 consultations were prospectively audited. Clinicians were asked to complete data collection proformas for each consultation detailing patient demographics, quality of images, diagnosis, and outcomes. The time taken to complete each virtual consultation was recorded for 312 consultations. Feedback surveys were completed by patients and clinicians via email.

Results

Of the 405 consultations, 297 new and 108 returning patient consultations were assessed, with 80% of submitted images being of satisfactory quality. In total, 292 consultations involved the assessment of lesions, with most referred as suspected cancers. Patients of all ages participated, with 31% of them being aged over 60 years and the parents of 12 children. The consultations were, on average, 3 minutes shorter than equivalent face-to-face (F2F) interactions, and a total of 5758 km of patient travel was avoided. Outcomes included virtual review (16%), F2F review (47%), direct to surgery (11%), discharge (22%), and other treatment or investigation (4%). The majority of those needing F2F review were scheduled for routine follow-up. Patient satisfaction was high, with 82% of respondents reporting ease of use.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a paradigm shift in the way we deliver outpatient care. DDA consultations are now operational in 4 health boards and have been successfully included in the choice of consultation type available for patients, helping to augment service capacity during pandemic recovery. The platform is the first of its kind in Scotland, to be integrated with the hospital booking system and electronic patient record and offering a valuable alternative to F2F, telephone, and video consultations.

Conflicts of Interest

None declared.
Seroprevalence of COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers in Primary Health Care Centers in Al-Sader City District, Baghdad, Iraq (Preprint)
Authors: Hussein Raheem , Lami Faris
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND

The SARS-CoV-2 infection produces detectable immune responses in most cases reported to date. A serological test could capture previous asymptomatic infections and help to assess the immune status of a subject. Health care workers are highly vulnerable to COVID-19 infection, and providing personal protective equipment is the primary strategy to prevent disease transmission within the health care setting.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper was to determinate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among health care workers in primary health care centers in the AL-Sader city district.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 9 primary health care centers, which were selected using a cluster random sampling technique from November 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020.

RESULTS

A total of 470 participants were enrolled in the study; 101 (21.5%) of them had a history of COVID-19 infection, and 76 (16.1%) were diagnosed by polymerase reaction chain. There was a significant association between rapid tests and history of COVID-19 infection (P<.001). Rapid test sensitivity was 56.6%, and specificity was 79.2%. The rapid test was positive in 125 (26.6%) participants: IgG 104 (83.2%), IgM 5 (4%), and both IgG-IgM 16 (12.8%).

CONCLUSIONS

The percent of COVID-19 infection is higher than the expected level among participants. A significant association was found between rapid tests and COVID-19 infection, smoking, comorbidity, personal protective equipment training, and household infection.
Implementasi Laboratorium Komputer Virtual Berbasis Cloud – Kelas Pemrograman Berorientasi Obyek
Authors: Dwi Susanto  , Ridi Ferdiana  , Selo Sulistyo
Published: February 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak Maret 2020 menyebabkan kegiatan pembelajaran harus dilakukan secara daring. Kegiatan pembelajaran secara daring umumnya dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan learning management system (LMS) dan aplikasi video conference. Namun, dalam beberapa topik pelajaran dibutuhkan kegiatan praktikum, di antaranya praktikum menggunakan laboratorium komputer. Untuk memenuhi kegiatan praktikum komputer pada masa pandemi, dibutuhkan laboratorium komputer yang dapat diakses secara daring. Salah satu solusi praktikum secara daring adalah laboratorium virtual (Vlab), yaitu laboratorium komputer virtual yang menggunakan teknologi virtualisasi. Vlab menyajikan virtual machine (VM) yang diakses secara daring dengan aplikasi remote access (Remote Desktop Protocol/RDP, Virtual Network Computing/VNC, Secure Shell/SSH). Vlab dapat menggunakan infrastruktur on-premise maupun infrastruktur public cloud. Dibandingkan dengan Vlab berbasis infrastruktur on-premise, Vlab berbasis cloud tidak membutuhkan investasi awal yang mahal dan mengeliminasi perawatan rutin perangkat keras yang kompleks. Makalah ini mengusulkan aplikasi Vlab berbasis cloud dengan Azure Lab Services pada kasus kelas Pemrograman Berorientasi Obyek. Vlab dirancang berdasarkan kebutuhan teknis praktikum pemrograman yang meliputi spesifikasi VM (CPU, RAM, dan penyimpanan), sistem operasi, perangkat lunak yang harus terpasang, hingga jumlah VM dalam satu kelas. Berdasarkan analisis total cost of ownership, biaya penyediaan Vlab berbasis cloud berpotensi lebih murah hingga 26% dibanding Vlab berbasis infrastruktur on-premise. Instalasi Vlab berbasis cloud yang dilakukan menggunakan skrip Powershell dapat diselesaikan dalam enam interaksi dan waktu instalasinya adalah 132 menit. Akses Vlab dapat dilakukan dengan komputer/laptop standar yang memiliki konektivitas internet dan aplikasi klien RDP. Bandwidth yang dibutuhkan untuk mengakses Vlab berbasis cloud berkisar antara 0,13 Mbps hingga 3,09 Mbps. Rentang bandwith tersebut masih berada dalam rentang kecepatan rata-rata jaringan 4G yang tersedia di Indonesia.
Riesgo de Padecer Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 entre las Diferentes Generaciones de Adultos en México
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Picazzo-Palencia Esteban , Ortiz-Rodríguez Jeyle ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ramírez-Girón Natalia ,   Universidad de las Américas Puebla
Published: February 2022

El presente artículo busca analizar el efecto que tiene la edad de las personas sobre la proba-bilidad de padecer Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2) entre adultos mexicanos de 20 a 59 años. Para esto se estiman ecuaciones jerárquicas con distribución Bernoulli con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición, 2016. Los resultados indican que personas de diferentes edades presentan diferencias significativas en el riesgo de padecer DM2 independientemente de otros determinantes que pueden ser el resultado de las características del contexto y el entorno en los que crecieron. Además, se encuentra que la edad modera el efecto de tener padres con DM2 y del consumo del alcohol sobre el riesgo de padecer DM2. Los resultados indican que el mejor momento para intervenir sería en edades tempranas.
Perspectivas laborales de estudiantes de turismo en universidades de Puebla, México
Authors:   Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Puebla, Contreras-López María José , Juárez-Sánchez José Pedro ,   Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Puebla, Ramírez-Valverde Benito ,   Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Puebla
Published: February 2022

En México, los egresados de la licenciatura en turismo enfrentan dificultades para obtener em-pleo. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la percepción de estudiantes de la licenciatura en turismo sobre su inserción al mercado laboral. En la investigación se utilizó el método mixto y se entrevistaron a estudiantes de turismo de tres universidades. Se encontró que los estudiantes perciben que están preparados y tienen altas expectativas en encontrar trabajo en pocos meses en áreas relacionadas con el turismo. Esperan devengar salarios regulares comparado con los que se ganan en el país, sí no encuentran empleo en lo que estudiaron estarían dispuestos a laborar en actividades diferente con la actividad turística. Se concluye que los estudiantes están preparados pero su incorporación al mercado laboral será difícil
Microbial Activity during Composting and Plant Growth Impact: A Review
Authors: Rath Pritam Priyadarshi , Das Kajari , Pattanaik Sumitra
Published: February 2022

Replacing harmful chemical pesticides with compost extracts is steadily gaining attention, offering an effective way for plant growth enhancement and disease management. Food waste has been a major issue globally due to its negative effects on the environment and human health. The methane and other harmful organisms released from the untreated waste have been identified as causes of this issue. Soil bacteria impart a very important role in biogeochemical cycles. The interactions between plants and bacteria in the rhizosphere are some of the factors that determine the health and fertility of the soil. Free-living soil bacteria are known to promote plant growth through colonizing the plant root. PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria) inoculants in compost are being commercialized as they help in the improvement of crop growth yield and provide safeguard and resistance to crops from disease. Our focus is to understand the mechanism of this natural, wet waste recycling process and implementation of a sustainable operative adaptation with microbial association to ameliorate the waste recycling system.
Characteristics Changes on Applications of Antibiotics and Current Approaches to Enhance Productivity with Soil Microbiome
Authors: Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Jain Puneet , Joshi Chetan Kumar , Kumar Mohan
Published: February 2022

The contamination of environmental sully with antibiotics is regarded as a major problem today and predictable to attain more recognition in near future. However, human intervention resulting in antibiotic consumption is being enhancing all around the world. Our review of literature revealed the role of microbiome in sully and how antibiotic resistant genes raised. The structure of antibiotics basically influenced by natural components such as biotic and abiotic push which shifts based on different soils. Therefore, management of microbiome in soil and their expression studies were distinctively revealed. The assessment of antibiotic resistance genes with help of next generation sequencing provided a clear comprehension on genome and transcriptome of the bacterial genes. Thus, interaction of microbiome with soil can also be well understood. The current findings in our study will guide every researcher to follow logical protocol in analyzing microbiota composition is covered as well and also to understand its metagenomic and sequenced with next-generation sequencer which helps to comprehend the diverse micro-flora present in soil and its operation. Finally, later progresses in bioinformatics computer program, flow of work, and applications for analyzing metagenomic information are put in a nutshell.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Microbial Profile of Surgical Site Infection after Cesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Center in Western India
Authors: Jain Abhishek Kumar , Patidar Harshul , Nayak Vijay , Agrawal Ramesh
Published: February 2022

Surgical site infection (SSI) was the predominant complication following cesarean delivery. Risk factors like increased Body Mass Index (BMI), emergency cesarean section (CS), prolonged hospital stay, previous CS, anemia, pre-existing chronic diseases, and failure to use preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis associated with SSI. Surgical site infections are responsible for cost burden, longer hospital stay increased maternal morbidity and mortality. Despite the advance, aseptic measures & control practice SSI was the most common nosocomial infection. To determine the prevalence, risk factors, bacterial profile, and antimicrobial resistance pattern of SSI in women following Cesarean section at tertiary care center western India. Women who developed SSI underwent cesarean delivery enrolled in the present study. Data were collected from patient records. Collection of swab samples, identification of microorganisms, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by standard CLSI guidelines Results: Prevalence of SSI was 14.7% in this study. The risk factors significantly associated with SSI were emergency cesarean delivery, severe anemia, lack of preoperative antibiotics use, high Body Mass Index (BMI), preexisting disease, and previous history of CS, Klebsiella Pneumoniae & Staphylococcus aureus was the most predominant isolates. Imipenem was the most susceptible and Amoxycilline-Clavulanate was the most Resistance antibiotic. Prompt identification of risk factors, microbial agents, and susceptibility patterns of SSIs are beneficial for the selection of appropriate antimicrobial therapy to prevent the emergence of drug resistance, planning to make infection control & antibiotic policy, and taking appropriate steps to prevent risk factors.
Gender Dimension of Digital Vigilantism in Russia
Authors: Volkova Anna V. , Lukyanova Galina V. , Kulakova Tatiana A.
Published: February 2022

Digital vigilantism can be defined as the coordinated actions of civic groups in virtual space (not excluding the possibility of going offline) in response to imaginary or real actions of third parties or as the expression of outrage at a real-world event recorded and uploaded online. Digital vigilantism serves as an informalised institution of online civil society, regulating behaviour and punishing citizens for actions or intentions that are inappropriate from the vigilantes point of view. In modern Russia, movements that were formed as a result of the interactions between NGOs, individual activists and the authorities, that are now acting as auxiliary institutions, become quite popular. This phenomenon suggests the spread of guided vigilantism. The authors argue that the governmental structures recognize the impossibility of solving some conflict situations within formal institutions and therefore legitimize their regulation through network interactions. This article focuses on the gender aspects of digital vigilantism in Russia. In order to analyze gender characteristics of Russian vigilante communities, the authors collected the data on the subscribers of six online communities using the VKontakte API (application programming interface): StopHam, Lev Protiv, Khrushi Protiv, Sorok Sorokov, Anti-Dealer and Sober Yard. A dataset of 818 927 records was generated, which included basic socio-demographic information about the users (ID, user-specified name, gender, age, city). Analyzing the posts and comments uploaded over the last two years and the database of subscribers of typical vigilante communities in the VKontakte social network (2900 subscriptions), the authors were able to come closer to understanding users motivations, define the social portrait of a typical digital vigilante and identify gender characteristics of the movement. Research outcomes confirm the problematic persistence of gender asymmetry and the inheritance of enduring cultural stereotypes regarding the correlation between the female and the male, even concerning such a new form of civic activism in Russia as digital vigilantism.
Feminist Foreign Policy: Selected Issues of Conceptualization and Implementation
Authors: Uspenskaya Valentina I. , Kozlova Nataliya N.
Published: February 2022

Feminist foreign policy (FFP) is a relatively new approach in the theory of international relations. Disclosing the heuristic potential of the concept is especially relevant due to the new political challenges of international conflicts that have different consequences for men and women. For the first time in Russian political science, this article analyzes the conceptual history of the FFP and the factors that influenced the implementation of this concept at the global level. The research is based on the publications and works of women, historical documents of international womens forums, scientific works on feminism theory and the international relations theory, policy papers of political parties, speeches of political leaders, government documents on the conduct of the FFP, UN resolutions. In addition to general scientific methods, the authors use the comparative-historical and systemic methods. The article presents the intellectual origins of the FFP, the role of the womens suffrage and pacifist movements in the development of the concept, the importance of women/gender/feminist academic research for the conceptualization of the FFP, as well as the contribution of politicians from leading world powers to the development of the concept. The authors analyze in detail the Hillary Doctrine and the UN feminist resolutions as forerunners of the official introduction of the term FFP into the theory and practice of international relations. The article assesses the potential of the FFP as an international strategy for gender equality and sustainable development. The authors conclude that a feminist political perspective works hand in hand with the vision of sustainable development policies and represents an increasingly relevant concept and practice that can be a strategic step towards the culture of peace.
How Can UN Digital Policy Enable the Rights of Women?
Authors: Leenders Anna Maria Rada
Published: February 2022

In most academic discourses, United Nations (UN) programs and initiatives to promote digitalization and womens rights are studied as distinct fields. Less attention has been paid to UN efforts to promote gender equality and protect womens rights by promoting digitalization. The article addresses some of the gaps in the contemporary research of the role of modern international intergovernmental organizations in womens rights protection amidst modern technological development. The study reveals the influence of digitalization on ameliorating the position of women in modern societies and formulates the assessment of the gender gap in using the ICT technologies, as well as analyzes how UN specialized divisions act to ensure digital gender equality. The author concludes that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) approved by the UN in 2015 do not pay enough attention to the importance of digitalization for ensuring the rights of women.
Introducing the Special Issue: Interview with Swati Parashar about Women and Feminism in Global Politics
Authors: Parashar Swati , Kazarinova Daria B.
Published: February 2022

Gender issues and feminist studies are rare in Russian Political Science. This gap is surprising given the increasing international recognition of womens rights, as well as growing interest in mainstreaming gender equality norms and removing key obstacles to womens advancement. This special issue addresses this gap by bringing together studies that use feminist optics to examine a variety of political spaces, including those where feminism has not yet become an ideological mainstream. Presenting the contributions and the core ideas that unite them, we discussed with Professor Swati Parashar non-Western feminisms and problematic legacies of Western feminisms. Guiding our conversation were questions such as: What is feminism today? What is feminist foreign policy and what is its potential? In what ways can gender equality quotas contribute to the political empowerment of women? How can international organizations encourage diversity in womens representations from the Global South?
On methods of building the trading strategies in the cryptocurrency markets
Authors: Shchetinin Eugeny Yu.
Published: February 2022

The paper proposes a trading strategy for investing in the cryptocurrency market that uses instant market entries based on additional sources of information in the form of a developed dataset. The task of predicting the moment of entering the market is formulated as the task of classifying the trend in the value of cryptocurrencies. To solve it, ensemble models and deep neural networks were used in the present paper, which made it possible to obtain a forecast with high accuracy. Computer analysis of various investment strategies has shown a significant advantage of the proposed investment model over traditional machine learning methods.
“INVISÍVEIS” DA JUSTIÇA
Authors: Dias João Paulo , Casaleiro Paula , Gomes Conceição
Published: February 2022

Os/as oficiais de justiça têm um papel central nos sistemas judiciais, cumprindo múltiplas funções administrativas e auxiliando as magistraturas nas suas funções. Porém, esta profissão tem sido sistematicamente esquecida das análises sobre condições de trabalho nos tribunais, com a exceção de alguns estudos recentes em Espanha, na Costa Rica, no Brasil e em Portugal. O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal traçar o perfil sociográfico dos/as oficiais de justiça, tendo em consideração as diferenças de género, idade e escolaridade, bem como refletir sobre a evolução das suas condições de trabalho, em Portugal, entre 2013 e 2018, tendo em consideração os impactos da reforma do mapa judiciário de 2014. Para tal, recorre-se aos indicadores estatísticos disponíveis nos Balanços Sociais da Direção-Geral da Administração da justiça e à análise de um conjunto de entrevistas com diferentes profissionais judiciais e representantes de associações e sindicatos das profissões judiciais.
AUTORES, COAUTORES E OUTROS PERSONAGENS:
Authors: Bedê Fayga Silveira , Almeida Marina Nogueira de , Magalhães Lincoln Mattos , Oliveira José Wendel Silva de
Published: February 2022

Resumo: De acordo com as diretrizes éticas que regem a pesquisa acadêmica, quem pode ser considerado o legítimo autor de um estudo? Que contribuições são suficientes para a constituição da autoria no ambiente acadêmico? Como saber se merecemos a condição de coautores ou se devemos figurar apenas na seção de agradecimentos de um trabalho publicado? Como devemos proceder para evitar, ao máximo, conflitos de autoria em pesquisas acadêmicas? Como autores e editores devem encaminhar disputas de autoria já instaladas? A partir dessas questões, observamos, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica interdisciplinar, que muitas áreas de estudo vêm alertando para os efeitos deletérios do produtivismo acadêmico sobre a atribuição de autoria; o qual, ora inflaciona os créditos de alguns pesquisadores, ora usurpa os de outros. Nos últimos ciclos avaliativos da pós-graduação brasileira, a área do Direito tem adotado instrumentos de avaliação que enfatizam a  pontuação relativa aos trabalhos publicados, em detrimento dos demais aspectos da vida acadêmica; razão pela qual, entendemos que a pesquisa jurídica não está infensa aos riscos do paradigma produtivista. Nesse contexto, realizamos pesquisa documental, a fim de analisar e problematizar as diretrizes éticas sobre atribuição de autoria estabelecidas pelos principais órgãos nacionais e internacionais de regulação da pesquisa. Esperamos que, a exemplo de outras áreas, também possamos colocar a cultura de boas práticas no epicentro dos nossos debates.
The Important Role of Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase Inhibitor in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Joung Jae Young , Kim Sung Han
Published: February 2022

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARP inhibitor) is a new targeted drug for metastatic prostate cancer in which the patient has a mutation on homologous repair gene including BRCA1/2 gene. This drug was the first gene-based targeted agent in prostate cancer and there were more than 5 available drugs for PARP inhibitors. Only 4 were approved for clinical use for patients with cancer from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This review article deals with the overview of the PARP inhibitors and their use in future research and clinical fields.
De Ritis Ratio (Aspartate Transaminase/Alanine Transaminase) as a Significant Prognostic Factor With Upper Urinary Tract Carcinoma Who Underwent Radical Nephroureterectomy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Yoon Jee Hwan , Jeong Chang Wook , Kwak Cheol , Kim Hyeon Hoe , Ku Ja Hyeon , Yu Ji Hyeong , Yuk Hyeong Dong
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between preoperative De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase [AST]/alanine transaminase [ALT]) and postoperative clinical outcome in patients with upper urinary tract carcinoma (UTUC) who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACH).Materials and Methods: We respectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 102 patients who underwent RNU and ACH for UTUC. Patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the optimal value of AST/ALT ratio. The effect of the AST/ALT ratio was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression hazard models for patients’ cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).Results: Mean survival time was 50.5±41.2 months. Mean age was 61.4±9.7years. Forty-one of the patients (46.5%) were in the high AST/ALT group. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the optimal AST/ALT ratio was 1.2. In Kaplan-Meier analyses, the high AST/ALT group showed worse outcomes in OS (p=0.007) and CSS (p=0.011). Using Cox regression models of clinical and pathological parameters to predict OS, high AST/ALT ratio (hazard ratio [HR], 5.428; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.803–16.334; p=0.002), pathological T3 (pT3) or higher (HR, 1.464; 95% CI; 1.156-1.857; p=0.002), and to predict CSS, high AST/ALT ratio (HR, 4.417; 95% CI; 1.545–12.632; p=0.005), and pT3 or higher (HR, 1.475; 95% CI; 1.172–1.904; p=0.002) were determined as independent prognostic factors.Conclusions: Pretreatment AST/ALT ratio is a significant independent predictor of CSS and OS in advanced UTUC patients receiving systemic ACH after RNU.
Clinical Significance of Rab27a as a Urinary Biomarker in Patients With Bladder Cancer
Authors: Ku Ja Yoon , Hwang Eu Chang , Lee Chan Ho , Kim Kyung Hwan , Kwon Dong Deuk , Ha Hong Koo
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical value of Rab27a as a urinary biomarker, and its efficiency in the prediction of bladder cancer grade.Materials and Methods: The expression of Rab27a in urine samples of patients with bladder cancer, cell line (T-24), and tissue samples of patients with bladder cancer was estimated via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Rab27a expression level was investigated according to sex, age, and histological grade via qRT-PCR and Western blotting.Results: Rab27a was also expressed at high levels in urine compared to cell lines and tissues from bladder cancer patients. In addition, Rab27a expression varied significantly according to tumor grade (p<0.001). Rab27a was expressed at high levels in male and elderly patients, however, there was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Our results indicated that Rab27a is valuable as a urinary diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer. In addition, it may serve as a predictive factor for determining bladder cancer grade.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Urinary Bladder in a Young Patient With Gross Hematuria: A Case Report
Authors: Chae Han Kyu , Nam Wook , Kim Sung Jin , Noh Byeong-Joo , Park Jong Yeon
Published: February 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the urinary bladder is an uncommon disease in young patients that presents with gross hematuria. However, IMT should be cautiously diagnosed because of its similarities with malignant spindle cell sarcoma. In this case, the tumor was successfully removed by transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and a final diagnosis of IMT was established conclusively.