bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Why We Matter
Authors: Wilson Scott
Published: February 2019

Special Section: The Value and Future of Petroleum Engineering

When worldwide oil and gas consumption reached record levels yet again in 2017, SPE members were there when it counted, helping to generate more light and power for billions of people across the world. The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI), which serves as a proxy for quality of life, shows that populations that consume more fossil fuels are better educated, wealthier, and live longer (Fig. 1). The greatest incremental benefit comes to those who are lifted out of poverty by their first access to cheap energy (http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/energising-human-development). 

For more than five generations, the oil and gas industry has helped raise living standards; protected environments by replacing firewood with natural gas and propane; and provided food to hungry people by increasing farming productivity, transportation, refrigeration, and packaging. Before hydrocarbons, the great whales were almost hunted to extinction to provide oil for lamps. Before the use of hydrocarbons, Europe had cut down almost all of its trees to provide heat. Author Michael Crichton postulated that, before internal combustion engines were common, one of the greatest environmental challenges of the future would have been finding a way to dispose of mountains of horse manure. Life before hydrocarbons was much harder, and the HDI curve shows that, for those who have no access to hydrocarbons, life is still very challenging indeed.

Without the products provided by the industry (shelter, transportation, clothing, heating, and cooling), populations were vulnerable not only to extreme weather events, but also to the effects of everyday weather. With this strong record of benefitting mankind, it would seem natural that those in the industry could rest on their accomplishments. But notice the shape of the curve as the development index approaches 1 and incremental consumption does not necessarily improve human flourishing. Have wealthy populations reached the point of diminishing returns, forgetting what life was like without fossil fuels?

In 2018, the residents of Colorado voted on a new regulation proposed by environmental activists that, ostensibly in the name of safety, would have pushed the oil and gas industry out of the state by cutting off access to future drilling locations (https://dcgop.org/ proposition112/). Before the vote, I decided to walk the streets of my neighborhood to make the case for fossil fuels, asking each neighbor how he or she felt about effectively banning the oil and gas industry. Some, I quickly realized, were motivated by fear and beliefs not rooted in reality. To them, this sinister new trend known as “fracking” was responsible for sinkholes, pipeline leaks, all earthquakes, and inclement weather. While each person with whom I spoke was polite and talked with me until I had worn out my welcome, this vocal minority seemed uninterested in information that might challenge their beliefs.
Study Evaluates Ability of Tailpipe Systems To Optimize Artificial Lift in Horizontal Wells
Authors: Feder Judy
Published: February 2019

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper SPE 190938, “Evaluating Tailpipe Systems Designed To Optimize Artificial Lift Performance in Horizontal Wells,” by C.R. Humphreys, SPE, B.N. Vangolen, SPE, A.P. Allison, SPE, D. Yin, SPE, and C. Yicon, SPE, Occidental Petroleum, prepared for the 2018 SPE Artificial Lift Conference and Exhibition–Americas held in The Woodlands, Texas, USA, 28–30 August. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The performance of artificial-lift systems on horizontal wells is greatly influenced by both the volume of gas produced and the tendency for gas slugging. With a sucker rod pump (SRP) system, gas slugging leads to gas interference at the pump, reducing system efficiency and equipment run life. With an electrical submersible pump (ESP), gas slugs can cause cycling of the ESP, which may shorten run life significantly. A trial project was launched to evaluate the performance of two tailpipe systems that could be applied to both forms of artificial lift.

Introduction

The two tailpipe systems were tested in a number of wells using SRPs, and one well was tested using an ESP. The goal was to

Reduce the frequency and magnitude of slugging behavior seen at the pump

Reduce the flowing bottomhole pressure without having to land pumps past the kickoff point (KOP)

Improve separation of free gas from the produced fluid before it reaches the pump intake

The two systems differ in both separator design and packer location. The first uses a conventional packer-style gas separator with a reduced-inner-diameter (ID) tailpipe extending below the separator and past the KOP. The second uses a special cyclonic separator with a reduced-ID tailpipe, and the packer is located at the lower end of the tailpipe. The authors examined the differences between the two systems regarding the isolation location, whether at the top or bottom of the tailpipe, to aid in designing future systems. A comparison of the two separators was attempted, and various operational challenges are discussed in the complete paper to improve the design, installation, startup, and operation of these systems.

Some installations were outfitted with downhole gauges (DHGs) measuring pressure and temperature at several points along the tailpipe. The DHGs recorded pressure at the tailpipe inlet and outlet, pump intake pressure, and pump discharge pressure. This surveillance package allowed for real-time monitoring of the performance of both the tailpipe and the artificial-lift system while also providing data for modeling the flow regime through the tailpipe. The modeling results were used to forecast long-term performance of the system as well production declines over time.

Results from the field trial show the performance of each system from a variety of standpoints: changes in flowing bottomhole pressure, flowing behavior through the tailpipe, separation effectiveness, and changes in production.
Combined Sodium Dimercaptopropanesulfonate and Zinc versus D-penicillamine as First-line Therapy for Neurological Wilson’s disease
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xiao Lulu , Yang Wenming
Published: February 2019

Background: Even though recent research has achieved significant advancement in the development of therapeutic approaches for Wilson’s diseases (WD), the current treatment options available for the neurological symptoms of WD are significantly limited and yet to be standardized.
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the course of treatment for WD patients with neurological symptoms receiving either combined sodium 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonate (DMPS) and zinc treatment or D-penicillamine (DPA) monotherapy as first-line therapy.
Methods: The case records of 158 patients diagnosed with neurological WD were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were administrated with either intravenous DMPS + Zinc (group 1) or DPA (group 2) for 8 weeks. During the period of treatment, neurological symptoms were assessed using Global Assessment Scale (GAS), the key hematological and biochemical parameters (such as aminotransferase, serum ceruloplasmin, 24-h urine copper excretion), as well as adverse effects were recorded and analyzed.
Results: 93 patients in Group 1, displayed decreased GAS scores consistently in comparison to the baseline (P < 0.01). Among them, 64 patients (68.1%) displayed a significant improvement in their neurological status after 8 weeks, while 10 patients (10.8%) experienced neurological deterioration. Among the 65 patients in Group 2, 30 patients (46.2%) displayed neurological improvements, while 21 patients (32.3%) displayed neurological deterioration. 6 patients discontinued their treatment midway due to their exacerbating neurological symptoms. A comprehensive comparison of the effectiveness of the two courses of treatment revealed that patients in Group 1 demonstrated a higher improvement ratio (P < 0.01) and lower worsening ratio of the neurological symptoms of the patients (P < 0.01) in comparison to the patients in group 2. Meanwhile, renal function, liver enzyme and the blood cell counts remained stabilized in group1.
Conclusions: This study suggests that the combined therapeutic approach of treatment with DPMS and zinc should be the preferred first-line therapy in treating the neurological symptoms of WD, in comparison to the treatment with DPA as the experimental data demonstrates that it is significantly more efficient.
Keywords: Wilson’s disease (WD), Sodium 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonate (DMPS), D-penicillamine (DPA), Zinc, Global Assessment Scale (GAS).
Capital Social e Políticas de Desenvolvimento Territorial: estudo multicasos nos Territórios da Cidadania do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Padilha Yuri De Lima , Sousa Washington José de
Published: February 2019

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar elementos de capital social que circundam o Programa Territórios da Cidadania no Rio Grande do Norte. Diferentemente de outras investigações no tema, não se pretende medir o estoque de capital social, mas, sim, revelar o fenômeno da organização social e suas implicações, considerando que os territórios são constituídos pela política ao redor de estruturas de fomento ao capital social, qual seja, os colegiados territoriais, arenas que comportam representantes das diversas instâncias do poder público e da sociedade civil. A noção de capital social está na existência de relações que permeiam e sustentam o processo de desenvolvimento de forma institucionalizada, normatizadas ou articuladas sob forma de rede social (Costa, 2005). Os estudos e as definições clássicas de capital social estão em Bourdieu, Coleman e Putnam. Este trabalho tem caráter qualitativo e fez uso do estudo de caso como a estratégia de pesquisa. A coleta de dados aconteceu mediante entrevista semiestruturada ou semipadronizada, para isto, foram escolhidos representantes das instituições públicas e sociais envolvidos nos colegiados territoriais do Açu-Mossoró, Mato Grande e Sertão do Apodi. O modelo de análise e interpretação dos dados foi estruturado a partir da análise de conteúdo categorial de Bardin (2004). Nos casos em pauta, em que pese a similaridade das condições gerais de estrutura e funcionamento, o Sertão do Apodi apresenta qualidades superiores aos demais tendo em vista sua trajetória de cooperação e articulação social em torno da assistência técnica, aspecto histórico do território.
Análise dos níveis de participação institucional e de gestão social no Território da Cidadania Noroeste Colonial RS
Authors: Costa Nilson Luiz , Flores Antonio Joreci , Costa Viviane Ottonelli , Andriolli Elaine Marisa , Santana Antônio Cordeiro de
Published: February 2019

O objetivo do presente artigo foi caracterizar a socioeconomia do Território da Cidadania Noroeste Colonial RS e avaliar os níveis de participação institucional e gestão social no âmbito das relações entre o Colegiado de Desenvolvimento Territorial e as institucionalidades. Pretendeu-se, com isso, identificar se os atores estão aptos a liderar o processo de planejamento do desenvolvimento territorial. A caracterização socioeconômica foi realizada através da estatística descritiva e análise gráfica e os níveis de participação institucional e gestão social foram aferidos por meio da Análise Fatorial Exploratória. Um componente fundamental da pesquisa, com enfoque de cidadania, foi a busca por informações e diálogo com a sociedade política e sociedade civil, bem como o seu entendimento e envolvimento com a política de desenvolvimento territorial e desenvolvimento sustentável. A pesquisa foi realizada em 21 dos 34 municípios do Território em questão teve-se como público participante, 116 pessoas integrantes de entidades como os Conselhos Municipais de Desenvolvimento – COMUDES, entidade essa que é composta, tanto por agentes públicos como por entidades e pessoas da sociedade civil de cada município. Entre os principais resultados, destacam-se a existência de assimetrias socioeconômicas entre os municípios do território e o surgimento de um elevado nível de consciência e engajamento em torno da política de desenvolvimento territorial.
Representações Sociais e Pobreza no Planalto Norte Catarinense: voz das beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Milani Maria Luiza , Pawlowytsch Pollyana Weber da Maia
Published: February 2019

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar as representações sociais dos sujeitos que vivem em condição de pobreza no Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina. Participaram 115 mães, com idade entre 18 e 63 anos, todas beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família, residentes nos municípios de Mafra, São Bento do Sul, Três Barras e Irineópolis. Constatou-se que os participantes do estudo compreendem a pobreza a partir de uma visão multidimensional, pela qual a ausência de renda não é o único fator considerado como provocador desta condição de forma que os elementos identificados reforçam a visão de que o desenvolvimento da região também está relacionado o envolvimento social de seus sujeitos, permitindo que os mesmos possam fazer e sentir-se ativos no processo de crescimento pessoal e crescimento de seu território, pois a ausência de entendimento sobre o seu crescimento pessoal impede a leitura de crescimento de território.
Relacionamento entre Multinacionais e Parceiros na Perspectiva de Inovações em Gestão na Cadeia de Valor
Authors: Pitteri Sirlei , Feldmann Paulo Roberto
Published: February 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo propor um modelo teórico-conceitual e validá-lo por meio de pesquisa empírica, em que se buscou evidências se as corporações multinacionais contribuem para o aumento da inovatividade de seus fornecedores e parceiros nas localidades onde se estabelecem. A construção do modelo partiu da noção de competências territoriais (PITTERI, 2012) e suas relações com inovações em gestão, na perspectiva de quatro dimensões: (1) relações eficazes entre empresas; (2) flexibilidade nas práticas de gestão internas e externas; (3) preservação de recursos esgotáveis e meio ambiente; (4) aprendizagem interativa. Trata-se de estudo teórico-empírico, exploratório e essencialmente qualitativo. A validação do modelo teórico-conceitual foi efetuada na região entre Campinas e Sorocaba. Foram utilizados dois procedimentos metodológicos em três fases distintas. Os resultados sugerem que o modelo teórico se mostrou adequado, contribuindo no entendimento das relações entre as multinacionais e parceiros na produção de inovações em gestão. Foi possível identificar que as multinacionais contribuem para o aumento da inovatividade das empresas locais, porém, essas também transferem conhecimento às multinacionais, especialmente nos aspectos relacionados às políticas sociais, econômicas e culturais, bem como às barreiras regulatórias das localidades onde se estabelecem. Para estudos futuros, sugere-se a ampliação da pesquisa de campo em localidades que se caracterizam como polos econômicos, a fim de se efetuar análises comparativas entre as mesmas. A partir dessas referências, abre-se um campo interessante para proposições de políticas públicas com foco nas realidades regionais, voltadas ao seu desenvolvimento.
Simulation modeling using Markovian Decision theory in co-managing the competitive Anambra and Imo river basin
Authors: Eme Luke Chika , Ohaji Evans
Published: February 2019

This work for purposes of efficiency aims at funding Anambra and Imo River Basin Development Authorities (RBDAS), namely RBDA I and RBDA 2, according to their net returns achieved on investment, since they operate within the same region of influence and are managed by a single board of directors. The RBDAS are competitively embarking on irrigated agriculture, water supply, hydroelectric power generation, flood control, drainage, navigation, recreation/tourism and erosion control. There is an expansion fund of ₦ 782.76 billion for full capacity utilization of the basin's assets involving 25 rivers in the South East Geopolitical region. The problem facing each of the RBDA is their strategy or optimal policy to maximize its net return per unit of investment on each of the developmental projects. On the other hand, the problem facing the management board is the ratio in which to share the funds available for expansion as to allow each of the RBDA to perform at an optimum level. Methodology involves methods and experiments. Data were collected from ABDAS, Ministries and Parastatal. When RBDA1 and RBDA 2 invest under the most unfavorable competition, it can assure itself of a net return ratio of 460/1000 respectively. Consequently, the management board will share the new fund (₦ 782.76 billion) available for expansion so as to allow each RBDA to perform at an optimum level according to the said ratio, which is the value of the Markovian Decision rule to ensure optimum efficiency. That is RBDA 1 gets ₦ 246.62 billion and RBDA 2 gets ₦ 536.14 billion.
Colloid clogging of saturated porous media under varying ionic strength and roughness during managed aquifer recharge
Authors: Xinqiang Du , Yalin Song , Xueyan Ye , Ran Luo
Published: February 2019

Column experiments were conducted to examine the clogging effects of colloids under controlled conditions of solution ionic strength (IS) and porous media roughness. The results showed that colloids in recharge water play an important role in the clogging process of saturated porous media, such that even a small amount of colloid may cause a large reduction in the permeability of the porous medium. Clogging at the pore throat was inferred to be the main reason for the severe permeability reduction of porous media. The characteristics of colloid clogging were clearly influenced by both IS and medium roughness. Recharge water with a higher IS facilitated greater attachment of colloids to the surface of the saturated porous medium, which lead to superficial clogging, while collectors with a rough surface resulted in greater clogging than collectors with a smooth surface.
Biosorption of lead(II) from aqueous solution by lactic acid bacteria
Authors: Dai Q. H. , Bian X. Y. , Li R. , Jiang C. B. , Ge J. M. , Li B. L. , Ou J.
Published: February 2019

The biosorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions by lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus brevis, was studied. The effects of initial pH, contact time, initial Pb(II) concentration, bacterial concentration, rotation speed and temperature of biosorption of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions were investigated. The optimal condition for Pb2+ ions adsorption was observed at pH 6, with the rotational speed of 120 rpm.min−1, bacterial concentration of 3 g.L−1, temperature of 40 °C and contact time of 12 h. The correlation regression coefficients showed that the biosorption process can be well fitted with the Redlich-Peterson, Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium adsorption capacity reached 53.632 mg.g−1. Binding energy value was 0.264 kJ/mol, which indicated that the adsorption process seemed to involve chemisorption and physisorption. Kinetics of adsorption was found to fit well with the pseudo-second-order and Elovich kinetic equations. Thermodynamic parameters revealed the feasibility, spontaneity and endothermic nature of adsorption.
Возможности развития регуляторных функций в игровой деятельности: теоретический обзор
Authors: Veraksa Aleksandr N. , Bukhalenkova Daria А. , Yakupova Vera А.
Published: February 2019

Introduction. Play is a symbolic space through which children cognize the world around them and master their mental processes. This study considers the potential of play activity for the development of various higher mental functions in preschool-age children.

Theoretical Basis. This section describes working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility as components of executive functions and demonstrates how they are involved in play activity.

Results. This section summarizes: a) correlation studies on the relationship between self-regulation and play; and b) formative experiments that used play activity for the development of executive functions. Correlation studies showed that free play with peers has a complex structure and includes various aspects (role-taking, play substitution of objects and actions, and interaction with peers), which are differently related to the development of executive functions in preschool children. Attention is also given to studies that establish the relationship between children’s imagination in a play situation and the development of executive functions. Formative experiments indicated that a certain level of the development of executive functions is important for the implementation of play activities. At the same time, play activity is a mechanism for the development of executive functions.

Discussion. The authors concentrate on limitations of the analyzed studies. The major drawback they identified is that previous studies of play activity examined its certain components in isolation (object substitution, role-taking, and imaginary situation). This review calls for further research that would identify a number of parameters and undertake a long-term observation to describe play activity of every individual child. Play activity is not simply a context for children’s emotional involvement; it is also important for the symbolic situations of the play to be close to their interests. Thus, the authors establish the complexity of organizing the development of executive functions within formative experiments using play activity. The study emphasizes the great potential of this direction of research.
Investigation of Potential Paraoxonase-I Inhibitors by Kinetic and Molecular Docking Studies: Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Authors: Türkeş Cüneyt
Published: February 2019

Background:

Metabolic processes in living organisms are closely related to the catalytic activity of enzymes. Changes in enzyme activity cause various diseases e.g., neurological, cancer, metabolic and cardiovascular. Most of the current therapeutic drugs available in clinical utilization function as enzyme inhibitors.

Objective:

The main goal of the current study to contribute to this growing drug design area (such as medication discovery and development) by investigating protein-drug interactions.

Methods:

The paraoxonase-I (PON1) enzyme was purified from human serum by using different and simple chromatographic techniques. Additionally, it was investigated inhibition effects of some chemotherapeutic drugs on the PON1.

Results:

The purification results for PON1 depicted a 3880.83 EU/mg proteins specific activity and the molecular weight was calculated as 43 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These drugs found to strongly inhibit PON1, with IC50 values ranging from 0.222±0.002 to 688.300±0.897 µM. Ki constants for vincristine sulfate, epirubicin hydrochloride, and doxorubicin hydrochloride were determined to be 0.235±0.032 µM, 221.400±29.270 µM, and 913.300±201.000 µM, respectively.

Conclusion:

These drugs showed in competitive inhibition. Also, the molecular docking poses of these agents inside the catalytic sites of 1V04 and 3SRE were analysis.
Magnetic Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nano System Anchored Platinum Nanoparticles for Carbon Sequestration Reaction
Authors: Upadhyay Praveenkumar Ramprakash , Gautam Prashant , Srivastava Vivek
Published: February 2019

new Pt metal based nano-catalytic system was developed using organic-inorganic magnetic
framework followed by the user-friendly protocol in good yield. XRD, FTIR, TEM, BET, ICP-OES
and solid-state NMR techniques were used to characterize our developed catalytic system. The wellcharacterized
ionic liquid bridged-silica supported magnetic Pt nanoparticles were utilized for the selective
hydrogenation of carbon dioxide under high-pressure reaction condition (with and without ionic liquid
medium). Most promising results were obtained while using the catalytic system (Pt-MagNP@ILSiO2)
in 1,3-di (N, N-dimethylaminoethyl)-2-methylimidazolium nonafluorobutanesulfonate ([DAMI]
[CF3CF2CF2CF2SO3]) task-specific ionic liquid medium. This TSIL not only provided a high degree of
CO2 absorption during the reaction but also enhances the selectivity and the recyclability of the catalytic
system up to 8 runs. No sign of Pt metal leaching was recorded during the recyclability test which
confirmed the stability of this catalytic system under high-pressure reaction condition.
Wheat Bread: Potential Approach to Fortify its Lysine Content
Authors: Meybodi Neda Mollakhalili , Mirmoghtadaie Leila , Sheidaei Zhaleh , Mortazavian Amir Mohammad
Published: February 2019

Wheat bread is the main foodstuff and supply of dietary energy/protein in most developing
countries. Wheat based diets are poor regarding essential amino acid content especially lysine as the
first limiting amino acid. Since human body is unable to build lysine, it is necessary to be taken via
food and/or supplements. Recommended daily intake of lysine is estimated to be around 30-64
mg/kg body weight. Inadequate intake of lysine results in a syndrome called ‘protein energy malnutrition’
which is suspected to be more prevalent in developing countries. Since lysine is provided by
different sources (especially meat), there is no published data about the lack of lysine, however it is
estimated to be prevalent in developing countries where the lysine-rich sources are generally expensive
and low accessible there. The lysine fortification of wheat bread is conducted mainly to provide
an accessible lysine-rich source. Biofortification, using lysine rich sources (either as flour or protein
concentrates) and directly addition of lysine amino acid and its derivative have been investigated in
different studies. The aim of this article is to review the potential strategies to improve the lysine
content of wheat bread from both nutritional and technological points of view.
Quantitative Ratings and Narrative Comments on Swiss Physician Rating Websites: Frequency Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: McLennan Stuart
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Physician rating websites (PRWs) have been developed as part of a wider move toward transparency around health care quality, and these allow patients to anonymously rate, comment, and discuss physicians’ quality on the Web. The first Swiss PRWs were established in 2008, at the same time as many international PRWs. However, there has been limited research conducted on PRWs in Switzerland to date. International research has indicated that a key shortcoming of PRWs is that they have an insufficient number of ratings.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of quantitative ratings and narrative comments on the Swiss PRWs.

METHODS

In November 2017, a random stratified sample of 966 physicians was generated from the regions of Zürich and Geneva. Every selected physician was searched for on 4 rating websites (OkDoc, DocApp, Medicosearch, and Google) between November 2017 and July 2018. It was recorded whether the physician could be identified, what the physician’s quantitative rating was, and whether the physician had received narrative comments. In addition, Alexa Internet was used to examine the number of visitors to the PRWs, compared with other websites.

RESULTS

Overall, the portion of physicians able to be identified on the PRWs ranged from 42.4% (410/966) on OkDoc to 87.3% (843/966) on DocApp. Of the identifiable physicians, only a few of the selected physicians had been rated quantitatively (4.5% [38/843] on DocApp to 49.8% [273/548] on Google) or received narrative comments (4.5% [38/843] on DocApp to 31.2% [171/548] on Google) at least once. Rated physicians also had, on average, a low number of quantitative ratings (1.47 ratings on OkDoc to 3.74 rating on Google) and narrative comments (1.23 comment on OkDoc to 3.03 comments on Google). All 3 websites allowing ratings used the same rating scale (1-5 stars) and had a very positive average rating: DocApp (4.71), Medicosearch (4.69), and Google (4.41). There were significant differences among the PRWs (with the majority of ratings being posted on Google in past 2 years) and regions (with physicians in Zurich more likely to have been rated and have more ratings on average). Only Google (position 1) and Medicosearch (position 8358) are placed among the top 10,000 visited websites in Switzerland.

CONCLUSIONS

It appears that this is the first time Google has been included in a study examining physician ratings internationally and it is noticeable how Google has had substantially more ratings than the 3 dedicated PRWs in Switzerland over the past 2 and a half years. Overall, this study indicates that Swiss PRWs are not yet a reliable source of unbiased information regarding patient experiences and satisfaction with Swiss physicians; many selected physicians were unable to be identified, only a few physicians had been rated, and the ratings posted were overwhelmingly positive.
Patients’ Perceptions of mHealth Apps: Meta-Ethnographic Review of Qualitative Studies (Preprint)
Authors: Vo VanAnh , Auroy Lola , Sarradon-Eck Aline
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Mobile phones and tablets are being increasingly integrated into the daily lives of many people worldwide. Mobile health (mHealth) apps have promising possibilities for optimizing health systems, improving care and health, and reducing health disparities. However, health care apps often seem to be underused after being downloaded.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to reach a better understanding of people’s perceptions, beliefs, and experience of mHealth apps as well as to determine how highly they appreciate these tools.

METHODS

A systematic review was carried out on qualitative studies published in English, on patients’ perception of mHealth apps between January 2013 and June 2018. Data extracted from these articles were synthesized using a meta-ethnographic approach and an interpretative method.

RESULTS

A total of 356 articles were selected for screening, and 43 of them met the inclusion criteria. Most of the articles included populations inhabiting developed countries and were published during the last 2 years, and most of the apps on which they focused were designed to help patients with chronic diseases. In this review, we present the strengths and weaknesses of using mHealth apps from the patients’ point of view. The strengths can be categorized into two main aspects: engaging patients in their own health care and increasing patient empowerment. The weaknesses pointed out by the participants focus on four main topics: trustworthiness, appropriateness, personalization, and accessibility of these tools.

CONCLUSIONS

Although many of the patients included in the studies reviewed considered mHealth apps as a useful complementary tool, some major problems arise in their optimal use, including the need for more closely tailored designs, the cost of these apps, the validity of the information delivered, and security and privacy issues. Many of these issues could be resolved with more support from health providers. In addition, it would be worth developing standards to ensure that these apps provide patients accurate evidence-based information.
A cross-sectional survey among physicians on Internet use for epilepsy-related information (Preprint)
Authors: Brigo Francesco , Lattanzi Simona , Giussani Giorgia , Tassi Laura , Pietrafusa Nicola , Galimberti Carlo Andrea , Luigi Nicola Luigi , Mecarelli Oriano
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

The Internet has become one of the most important sources of health information, accessed daily by an ever-growing number of both patients and physicians, seeking medical advice and clinical guidance. A deeper insight into the current use of the Web as source of information on epilepsy would help in clarifying the individual attitude towards this medium by Internet users.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated views towards the Internet in a sample of Italian healthcare specialists involved in epilepsy field, to explore factors which explained the influence of information found on the internet.

METHODS

This study was a self-administered survey conducted in a group of members of the Italian Chapter of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) in January 2018.

RESULTS

184 questionnaires were analyzed. 97.8% of responders reported to seek online information on epilepsy. The Internet was most frequently searched to obtain new information (69.9%) or to confirm a diagnostic or therapeutic decision (37.3%). The influence of consulting the Internet on clinical practice was associated with registration to social network(s) (OR: 2.94; 95%CI: 1.28-6.76; p=0.011), higher frequency of Internet use (OR: 3.66; 95%CI: 1.56-9.21; p=0.006) and higher confidence in reliability of online information (OR: 2.61; 95%CI: 1.09-6.26; p=0.031). No association was found with age, sex, years in epilepsy practice or easiness to find online information.

CONCLUSIONS

Internet is frequently used among healthcare professionals involved in the epilepsy to obtain information about this disease. The attitude of being influenced by the Internet for diagnostic and/or therapeutic decisions in epilepsy is independent on age and years of experience in epilepsy, and probably reflects an individual approach towards the Web.
Accuracy and Usability of a Novel Algorithm for Detection of Irregular Pulse Using a Smartwatch Among Older Adults: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ding Eric Y , Han Dong , Whitcomb Cody , Bashar Syed Khairul , Adaramola Oluwaseun , Soni Apurv , Saczynski Jane , Fitzgibbons Timothy P , Moonis Majaz , Lubitz Steven A , Lessard Darleen , Hills Mellanie True , Barton Bruce , Chon Ki , McManus David D
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is often paroxysmal and minimally symptomatic, hindering its diagnosis. Smartwatches may enhance AF care by facilitating long-term, noninvasive monitoring.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the accuracy and usability of arrhythmia discrimination using a smartwatch.

METHODS

A total of 40 adults presenting to a cardiology clinic wore a smartwatch and Holter monitor and performed scripted movements to simulate activities of daily living (ADLs). Participants’ clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were abstracted from medical records. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing different domains of the device’s usability. Pulse recordings were analyzed blindly using a real-time realizable algorithm and compared with gold-standard Holter monitoring.

RESULTS

The average age of participants was 71 (SD 8) years; most participants had AF risk factors and 23% (9/39) were in AF. About half of the participants owned smartphones, but none owned smartwatches. Participants wore the smartwatch for 42 (SD 14) min while generating motion noise to simulate ADLs. The algorithm determined 53 of the 314 30-second noise-free pulse segments as consistent with AF. Compared with the gold standard, the algorithm demonstrated excellent sensitivity (98.2%), specificity (98.1%), and accuracy (98.1%) for identifying irregular pulse. Two-thirds of participants considered the smartwatch highly usable. Younger age and prior cardioversion were associated with greater overall comfort and comfort with data privacy with using a smartwatch for rhythm monitoring, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

A real-time realizable algorithm analyzing smartwatch pulse recordings demonstrated high accuracy for identifying pulse irregularities among older participants. Despite advanced age, lack of smartwatch familiarity, and high burden of comorbidities, participants found the smartwatch to be highly acceptable.
Criminal Liability of Persons Responsible for Occupational Health and Safety in Poland
Authors: Banasik Katarzyna
Published: February 2019

This paper focuses on the interpretation of the concept of a “person responsible for occupational health and safety”. Only such a person can be an offender under Article 220 of the Polish Criminal Code. Following an analysis of the legal situation and the rights and obligations of the various entities capable of becoming offenders under said article, the author concludes that the category of persons responsible for occupational health and safety includes only the following: the employer, the person managing employees, members of the occupational health and safety service, OH&S coordinators.
Некоторые аспекты развития рынка преобразователей данных
Authors: Макушин М. , Черепанов И.
Published: February 2019

Рассмотрены основные тенденции рынка АЦП и ЦАП, дается прогноз объемов продаж до 2023 года. Спрос на преобразователи данных обусловлен, в основном, развитием рынков IoT, 5G и смартфонов, хотя они все шире используются и в системах военного назначения, телекоммуникаций, ЦОД. Приводятся краткая характеристика основных производителей АЦП / ЦАП и параметры новых преобразователей данных.
Пришло время OTN.
Authors: Чернова О.Н.
Published: February 2019

В минувшем году компания "НАТЕКС" стала активно продвигать на российском рынке транспортное телекоммуникационное оборудование OTN (Optical Transport Network), также называемой технологией цифровой упаковки, которую специалисты компании считают наиболее перспективной на сегодняшний день технологией построения магистральных ВОЛС.
Рассказывает продукт-менеджер по оптическим системам передачи и уплотнения ГК "НАТЕКС" О.Н.Чернова.
Presentación
Authors: Nombre Sin
Published: February 2019

Presentación del n. 171 de la RMCPS
La crisis organizativa del Partido Acción Nacional en la década de los setenta
Authors: Reveles Vázquez Francisco
Published: February 2019

El autor describe en su artículo uno de los principales procesos internos de pan, a saber: su crisis a mediados de la década de los setenta en la que se dio una difícil renovación del liderazgo interno, a partir del cual el partido modificó sustancialmente su perfil. El escrito se centra en la confrontación de dos fracciones internas —la doctrinaria y la pragmática—, las cuales representaron, en su momento, caminos distintos para el desarrollo de la organización. Al final, nos comenta el autor, tanto el liderazgo como la estructura y las estrategias político- electorales se modificaron para dar lugar a un panismo revitalizado que, a la postre, demostraría su fuerza en las contiendas electorales (como preveían los pragmáticos) y no en el adoctrinamiento cívico (como deseaban los doctrinarios).
Entre la confusión y la redefinición: el PRI y el cambio político en México: 1994-1997
Authors: Zamitiz Gamboa Héctor
Published: February 2019

El presente artículo tiene como eje de lectura la relación entre el PRI y el presidente de la República, los reacomodos y las tensiones de la dinámica interna del partido y el impacto que ha tenido sobre sus estrategias de lucha política, durante la primera mitad de la gestión del presidente Ernesto Zedillo. Se estudia la dinámica de esta organización política en el nivel de la estructura nacional, a través de cuatro grandes apartados: la redefinición de las relaciones entre partido-Ejecutivo, el nuevo marco electoral aprobado en 1996, la XVII Asamblea Nacional y las contradicciones de la estrategia electoral para enfrentar las elecciones federales de 1997.
Liberalismo y derechos virtuales. Apuntes para una sociología del Estado en su continuum histórico
Authors: Palacios Romeo Francisco J.
Published: February 2019

En este artículo, el autor realiza una despiadada crítica a la tradición política liberal de Occidente poniendo en tela de juicio la validez de sus conquistas jurídicas y sociales. Frente a un estado medieval real, el autor contrapone un estado liberal virtual, donde los logros y reivindicaciones por este último logradas —derechos humanos, constitucionalismo, democracia— si bien son imperecederas en la teoría constituyen, sin embargo, falacia absoluta en la realidad. La historia del Estado de derecho es delatada como una “historia de exclusiones” más que de respeto; de represión más que de derecho; de despojo más que de libertad; de autoritarismo más que de civilidad. De esta manera, el autor va desenmascarando el “mito maniqueo” de la modernidad ilustrada: el tradicional antagonismo entre nobleza y burguesía no es real, sino ficticio. El Estado de derecho no es otra cosa que el “aburguesamiento de la nobleza y el ennoblecimiento de la burguesía”. De ello se concluye que la historia de este Estado no ha sido otra cosa que un proceso histórico mitificado, alevoso y calculador; más que una entelequia, el Estado de derecho es una burla sostenida pues en vez de derecho se yergue la propiedad como la auténtica hacedora de los patrones de justicia, ciudadanía y “moralidad universal”.
La economía: más acá de la justicia. La política: más allá de la libertad
Authors: Avaro Sosa Dante
Published: February 2019

En este ensayo, el autor analiza una de las grandes cuestiones de las sociedades contemporáneas: la administración doméstica del trabajo. Para ello, el autor se enfoca en el significado, desde distintas ópticas teóricas, de ese “aparato racionalizador que administraba la sociedad de trabajo”: el welfare state, así como en las razones de su decadencia y desmantelamiento. Ante la disolución de este sistema, el autor selecciona, de una serie de propuestas teóricas, aquella que considera como la idónea no sólo para suplir al Estado benefactor, sino para lograr el bien común de una sociedad democrática: el sistema de Renta Universal Garantizada (RUG), camino sólido para conjugar la libertad política con la justicia de un sistema económico eficiente.
Reinventando el 68 francés
Authors: Sermeño Ángel
Published: February 2019

Reseña del libro de N. Casullo, París 68, Las escrituras, el recuerdo y el olvido, Buenos Aires, Manantial, 1998.
Entre el pensamiento y la acción
Authors: Zurita Rivera Úrsula
Published: February 2019

Reseña del libro de Jorge Volpi, La imaginación y el poder. Una historia intelectual de 1968, México, Era, 1998, 455 p.
El concepto de lo público y la administración pública, un análisis de la trayectoria y prospectiva de la naturaleza y evolución de lo público y del público
Authors: Moreno Roberto
Published: February 2019

El presente artículo se refiere al proceso de construcción histórica del espacio de lo público. El texto analiza la intervención en éste de las instituciones y organizaciones gubernamentales, así como de la sociedad civil. También se hace referencia al proceso de centralización político-administrativa imperante en la formación y desarrollo del Estado moderno. El artículo finaliza con un planteamiento de las tendencias del espacio público como ámbito de corresponsabilidad entre lo público-gubernamental y la acción de la sociedad civil en los asuntos de interés públicos.
La construcción de las nociones de legalidad y justicia en los trabajadores de Ruta 100. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Cuéllar Angélica
Published: February 2019

El artículo desarrolla la forma en que los trabajadores de Ruta-100 construyeron las nociones de legalidad y justicia en un contexto particular. Se analiza este caso porque el proceso de quiebra de la empresa Ruta-100 y la desaparición del sindicato en 1995, animado por un conflicto político, violentó toda la normatividad jurídica. La construcción de estas nociones en el mundo simbólico de los trabajadores, más que construirse en el proceso jurídico que se siguió, estuvo mediada por las relaciones laborales establecidas entre el sindicato y la empresa y por una relación patrimonial entre los dirigentes y los trabajadores. Se utilizan fuentes de primera mano como entrevistas y testimonios.
Las identidades colectivas frente a los retos de la mundialización capitalista. Dos casos de estudio en México
Authors: Piqueras Infante Andrés
Published: February 2019

Los procesos de mundializaci6n capitalista conllevan grandes amenazas para gran parte de los pueblos y para muchos sectores de población de distintas sociedades, así como para las expresiones identitarias con que se hubieren dotado. Pero semejantes procesos abren también la posibilidad de nuevas formas, más reflexivas, de construir la propia identidad y de conformarse como sujetos, para los individuos y las distintas formas de colectividad social y cultural. Se intenta ilustrar mediante el seguimiento de dos casos de politización étnico-cultural en México.
Géneros informativos audiovisuales
Authors: Crovi Druetta Delia María
Published: February 2019

Reseña del libro de Mariano Cebrián Herreros, Géneros informativos audiovisuales, ILCE, 2000, 377 pp.
De la selva a la ciudad. La indianización de Comitán y Las Margaritas, Chiapas
Authors: Cruz Burguete Jorge Luis , Robledo Hernández Gabriela Patricia
Published: February 2019

Con este trabajo intentamos reflexionar sobre el proceso migratorio, a partir de la información empírica recabada recientemente con los desplazados. Precisamente ahora, cuando vemos incrementarse los movimientos poblacionales con destino al norte —como una respuesta indígena y rural— ante la falta de oportunidades en el campo o la ciudad.
 La migración la encontramos relacionada con procesos que están determinando la redefinición de la identidad de los actores sociales y la comunalidad indígena. Es decir, entre los factores que están presentes en la explicación de los movimientos de población en la región, destacan procesos de colonización y lucha por la tierra, expulsiones de familias de sus comunidades de origen por su afiliación religiosa, y los conflictos políticos y militares.
Presentación al Informe General de la Comisión Ciudadana de Estudios contra la Discriminación intitulado La discriminación en México: por una nueva cultura de igualdad
Authors: Rincón Gallardo Gilberto
Published: February 2019

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La identidad nacional en la sociedad de la información
Authors: Casas Pérez María De la Luz
Published: February 2019

Este artículo analiza las implicaciones de los conceptos nación y nacionalidad en la llamada sociedad de la información, a la luz de algunas de las principales interrogantes que nos presentan las nuevas tecnologías: ¿Qué nuevas formas de relación aparecen en la red?, ¿qué nuevas formas de identidad se generan a partir de estas capacidades electrónicas?, y ¿cómo se articula todo esto con las nociones de lo global, lo regional, lo nacional y lo comunitario?
México ante la sociedad de la información y el conocimiento. Estudio de las redes. Clasificaciones
Authors: Toussaint Florence
Published: February 2019

Este artículo es un estudio aproximativo a la forma en que las redes virtuales se han desarrollado en el país. La primera parte incluye un acercamiento desde el punto de vista estadístico a las grandes cifras que indican la manera en la cual se ha dado el crecimiento, tanto por sectores, como en relación con la telefonía y el parque de computadoras. En virtud de que la investigación más amplia de la que se deriva este artículo tiene como propósito explicar a partir de la teoría de la economía política de la comunicación el desarrollo de Internet, aquí se llevan a cabo clasificaciones para poder distinguir la parte empresarial de otros elementos que conforman y constituyen materia de la red.
El movimiento del software libre
Authors: Mochi Alemán Prudencio Óscar
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el surgimiento y desarrollo del movimiento de software libre. Para ello se analizan algunas características importantes que dan cuenta del origen y desarrollo del mismo, así como de sus momentos más críticos y sus tensiones, sus desafíos y sus retos. Otra de las grandes inquietudes de este trabajo, es intentar descifrar cómo el movimiento del software libre y Linux, en su versión más conocida, sobrevivieron y se afirmaron hasta llegar a constituir una verdadera alternativa frente a las grandes empresas de la alta tecnología.