bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mending a broken heart: a single case study on cognitive behavioural therapy for depression after romantic relationship break-up
Authors: Gozan Muthmainah Mufidah , Menaldi Adhityawarman
Published: December 2020

Having and building a romantic relationship is an important aspect of development in young adulthood. However, there are some challenges in relationships, including basic principle differences such as faith and culture that lead to fights and break-ups. Going through a break-up is not easy for some people and is considered to be one of the stress sources in people’s lives that often links to depression symptoms. It is crucial to focus on intervention aiming at the cognitive aspects, including negative thoughts and bias when dealing with depression, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). However, CBT in the Indonesian context, especially with religious and ethnic problems in a romantic relationship before marriage, is limited. This study aims to explore this by presenting the case of a 26-year-old Indonesian male with depressive episodes after a painful break-up due to religious and cultural differences. The previous history of childhood abuse and problems in social adjustment and communication had also worsened his conditions. CBT was used for treatment as he developed many negative thoughts about himself and had maladaptive beliefs about his conditions and his future. This case study report shows the effectiveness of CBT intervention in decreasing depression symptoms, such as sadness and the thought of being unworthy, as well as increasing self-confidence in facing difficulties.

Key learning aims

(1)

To understand delivering CBT in a single case with mild depression triggered by relationship break-up.

(2)

To understand the applicability of CBT in the Indonesian context with a cultural and religious background.

(3)

To reflect on the challenges faced and treatment strategies in implementing an adapted CBT technique.
Molecular Distributions of Diacids, Oxoacids, and α‐Dicarbonyls in Summer‐ and Winter‐Time Fine Aerosols From Tianjin, North China: Emissions From Combustion Sources and Aqueous Phase Secondary Formation
Authors: Pavuluri C. M. , Wang S. , Fu P. Q. , Zhao W. , Xu Z. , Liu C.‐Q.
Published: December 2020

To understand the characteristics and sources of organic aerosols (OA) in North China, we studied diacids, oxoacids, and α‐dicarbonyls in summer‐ and winter‐time fine aerosols (PM2.5) collected from Tianjin. Oxalic (C2) acid was found to be the most abundant diacid species, followed by succinic (C4), malonic (C3), and sebacic (C8) acids, respectively. Glyoxylic (ωC2) was the most abundant oxoacids followed by pyruvic acid. Concentrations of total diacids, oxoacids, and α‐dicarbonyls in winter were 2–3 times higher than those in summer, but their mass fractions in PM2.5 were exactly the opposite. On average, total diacids carbon accounted for 2.9% in total carbon and 3.3% in organic carbon (OC) in summer and 1.8% and 2.0%, respectively, in winter. Their contributions to water‐soluble OC (WSOC) was almost the same in both seasons (5.5% and 5.3%, respectively). Molecular distributions, mass ratios of selected diacid (C3, C4, M, F, C6, Ph, and C9) species, and the linear relations among the selected species (including ∑C2–C4 and ∑C8–C12) and with inorganic markers (K+ and SO42−) implied that the diacids and related compounds are mainly originated from coal combustion and biomass burning emissions and produced in the atmosphere by both in situ photochemical reactions at local scale and aging during long‐range transport in both summer and winter. This study revealed that diacids and related compounds and WSOC are increased with increasing SO42− and they are produced in the aqueous phase, implying that the reduction in NOx and SO2 emissions could possibly control the water‐soluble OA loading over North China.
Phenology and Climatic Regime Inferred from Airborne Pollen on the Northern Slope of the Qomolangma (Everest) Region
Authors: Lü Xinmiao , Paudayal Khum N. , Uhl Dieter , Zhu Liping , Yao Tandong , Mosbrugger Volker
Published: December 2020

We present 3 years (2011–2013) of in situ airborne pollen monitoring data on the northern slope of the Qomolangma (Everest) region to better understand the connections among airborne pollen, vegetation and climate. The pollen assemblage dominated by local herb and shrub pollen can reflect mountain shrub steppe vegetation. Herb pollen behave differently from tree and shrub pollen, including their responses to temperature, humidity, and wind speed, the distribution in wind direction and the optimum climate range. Herb pollen are mainly influenced by temperature and humidity, but wind direction and wind speed are more important to tree and shrub pollen. The flowering phenology can be reflected by annual and seasonal pollen variations, which are influenced by temperature and precipitation. Arboreal pollen (AP) represent long‐distance transported types during the westerly period and nonarboreal pollen (NAP) locally dominate in the monsoon season; thus, the AP/NAP ratio could be an indicator of atmospheric circulation, vegetation and climate change in the semiarid Tibetan Plateau (TP). Airborne pollen, as a record of biological and climatic events, provides insights into vegetation response to climate change and has significance for interpreting fossil pollen records on the TP.
Stress and the dopaminergic reward system
Authors: Baik Ja-Hyun
Published: December 2020

Dopamine regulates reward-related behavior through the mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway. Stress affects dopamine levels and dopaminergic neuronal activity in the mesolimbic dopamine system. Changes in mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission are important for coping with stress, as they allow adaption to behavioral responses to various environmental stimuli. Upon stress exposure, modulation of the dopaminergic reward system is necessary for monitoring and selecting the optimal process for coping with stressful situations. Aversive stressful events may negatively regulate the dopaminergic reward system, perturbing reward sensitivity, which is closely associated with chronic stress-induced depression. The mesolimbic dopamine system is excited not only by reward but also by aversive stressful stimuli, which adds further intriguing complexity to the relationship between stress and the reward system. This review focuses on lines of evidence related to how stress, especially chronic stress, affects the mesolimbic dopamine system, and discusses the role of the dopaminergic reward system in chronic stress-induced depression.
The role of natural killer cell in gastrointestinal cancer: killer or helper
Authors: Wang Feixue , Lau Jennie Ka Ching , Yu Jun
Published: December 2020

Gastrointestinal cancer is one of the leading health problems worldwide, with a high morbidity and mortality. To date, harnessing both the innate and adaptive immune system against cancer provides a selective and effective therapeutic strategy for patients. As a first line defense against cancer, natural killer (NK) cells can swiftly target and lyse tumor cells without prior activation. In addition to its pivotal role in innate immunity, NK cells also play unique roles in the adaptive immune system as it enhance anti-tumor adaptive immune responses through secretion of cytokines and retaining an immunological memory. All these characteristics make NK cell a promising anti-cancer agent for patients. In spite of scarce infiltration and impaired function of NK cells in tumors, and the fact that tumors easily develop resistant mechanisms to evade the attacks from endogenous NK cells, multiple strategies have been developed to boost anti-tumor effect of NK cells and abolish tumor resistance. Some examples include adoptive transfer of NK cells after ex vivo activation and expansion; restoration of NK cell function using immune checkpoint inhibitors, and monoclonal antibody or cytokine treatment. Preclinical data have shown encouraging results, suggesting that NK cells hold great potential in cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss NK cells’ cytotoxicity and modulation function in GI cancer and the current application in clinical therapy.
STAT3 phosphorylation at Ser727 and Tyr705 differentially regulates the EMT–MET switch and cancer metastasis
Authors: Lin Wei-Hsin , Chang Yi-Wen , Hong Min-Xiang , Hsu Te-Cheng , Lee Ko-Chuan , Lin Che , Lee Jia-Lin
Published: December 2020

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)/mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) processes are proposed to be a driving force of cancer metastasis. By studying metastasis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC)-driven lung cancer models, microarray time-series data analysis by systems biology approaches revealed BM-MSC-induced signaling triggers early dissemination of CD133+/CD83+ cancer stem cells (CSCs) from primary sites shortly after STAT3 activation but promotes proliferation towards secondary sites. The switch from migration to proliferation was regulated by BM-MSC-secreted LIF and activated LIFR/p-ERK/pS727-STAT3 signaling to promote early disseminated cancer cells MET and premetastatic niche formation. Then, tumor-tropic BM-MSCs circulated to primary sites and triggered CD151+/CD38+ cells acquiring EMT-associated CSC properties through IL6R/pY705-STAT3 signaling to promote tumor initiation and were also attracted by and migrated towards the premetastatic niche. In summary, STAT3 phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 and serine 727 differentially regulates the EMT–MET switch within the distinct molecular subtypes of CSCs to complete the metastatic process.
Protein phosphorylation associated with drought priming-enhanced heat tolerance in a temperate grass species
Authors: Zhang Xiaxiang , Zhuang Lili , Liu Yu , Yang Zhimin , Huang Bingru
Published: December 2020

Protein phosphorylation is known to play crucial roles in plant tolerance to individual stresses, but how protein phosphorylation is associated with cross-stress tolerance, particularly drought priming-enhanced heat tolerance is largely unknown. The objectives of the present study were to identify phosphorylated proteins and phosphorylation sites that were responsive to drought priming and to determine whether drought priming-enhanced heat tolerance in temperate grass species involves changes in protein phosphorylation. Comparative analysis of phosphoproteomic profiles was performed on leaves of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) exposed to heat stress (38/33 °C, day/night) with or without drought priming. A total of 569 differentially regulated phosphoproteins (DRPs) with 1098 phosphorylation sites were identified in response to drought priming or heat stress individually or sequentially. Most DRPs were nuclear-localized and cytosolic proteins. Motif analysis detected [GS], [DSD], and [S..E] as major phosphorylation sites in casein kinase-II and mitogen-activated protein kinases regulated by drought priming and heat stress. Functional annotation and gene ontology analysis demonstrated that DRPs in response to drought priming and in drought-primed plants subsequently exposed to heat stress were mostly enriched in four major biological processes, including RNA splicing, transcription control, stress protection/defense, and stress perception/signaling. These results suggest the involvement of post-translational regulation of the aforementioned biological processes and signaling pathways in drought priming memory and cross-tolerance with heat stress in a temperate grass species.
Ultrasensitive antibody-aptamer plasmonic biosensor for malaria biomarker detection in whole blood
Authors: Minopoli Antonio , Della Ventura Bartolomeo , Lenyk Bohdan , Gentile Francesco , Tanner Julian A. , Offenhäusser Andreas , Mayer Dirk , Velotta Raffaele
Published: December 2020

Development of plasmonic biosensors combining reliability and ease of use is still a challenge. Gold nanoparticle arrays made by block copolymer micelle nanolithography (BCMN) stand out for their scalability, cost-effectiveness and tunable plasmonic properties, making them ideal substrates for fluorescence enhancement. Here, we describe a plasmon-enhanced fluorescence immunosensor for the specific and ultrasensitive detection of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH)—a malaria marker—in whole blood. Analyte recognition is realized by oriented antibodies immobilized in a close-packed configuration via the photochemical immobilization technique (PIT), with a top bioreceptor of nucleic acid aptamers recognizing a different surface of PfLDH in a sandwich conformation. The combination of BCMN and PIT enabled maximum control over the nanoparticle size and lattice constant as well as the distance of the fluorophore from the sensing surface. The device achieved a limit of detection smaller than 1 pg/mL (<30 fM) with very high specificity without any sample pretreatment. This limit of detection is several orders of magnitude lower than that found in malaria rapid diagnostic tests or even commercial ELISA kits. Thanks to its overall dimensions, ease of use and high-throughput analysis, the device can be used as a substrate in automated multi-well plate readers and improve the efficiency of conventional fluorescence immunoassays.
Epistasis-driven identification of SLC25A51 as a regulator of human mitochondrial NAD import
Authors: Girardi Enrico , Agrimi Gennaro , Goldmann Ulrich , Fiume Giuseppe , Lindinger Sabrina , Sedlyarov Vitaly , Srndic Ismet , Gürtl Bettina , Agerer Benedikt , Kartnig Felix , Scarcia Pasquale , Di Noia Maria Antonietta , Liñeiro Eva , Rebsamen Manuele , Wiedmer Tabea , Bergthaler Andreas , Palmieri Luigi , Superti-Furga Giulio
Published: December 2020

About a thousand genes in the human genome encode for membrane transporters. Among these, several solute carrier proteins (SLCs), representing the largest group of transporters, are still orphan and lack functional characterization. We reasoned that assessing genetic interactions among SLCs may be an efficient way to obtain functional information allowing their deorphanization. Here we describe a network of strong genetic interactions indicating a contribution to mitochondrial respiration and redox metabolism for SLC25A51/MCART1, an uncharacterized member of the SLC25 family of transporters. Through a combination of metabolomics, genomics and genetics approaches, we demonstrate a role for SLC25A51 as enabler of mitochondrial import of NAD, showcasing the potential of genetic interaction-driven functional gene deorphanization.
Cohesin depleted cells rebuild functional nuclear compartments after endomitosis
Authors: Cremer Marion , Brandstetter Katharina , Maiser Andreas , Rao Suhas S. P. , Schmid Volker J. , Guirao-Ortiz Miguel , Mitra Namita , Mamberti Stefania , Klein Kyle N. , Gilbert David M. , Leonhardt Heinrich , Cardoso M. Cristina , Aiden Erez Lieberman , Harz Hartmann , Cremer Thomas
Published: December 2020

Cohesin plays an essential role in chromatin loop extrusion, but its impact on a compartmentalized nuclear architecture, linked to nuclear functions, is less well understood. Using live-cell and super-resolved 3D microscopy, here we find that cohesin depletion in a human colon cancer derived cell line results in endomitosis and a single multilobulated nucleus with chromosome territories pervaded by interchromatin channels. Chromosome territories contain chromatin domain clusters with a zonal organization of repressed chromatin domains in the interior and transcriptionally competent domains located at the periphery. These clusters form microscopically defined, active and inactive compartments, which likely correspond to A/B compartments, which are detected with ensemble Hi-C. Splicing speckles are observed nearby within the lining channel system. We further observe that the multilobulated nuclei, despite continuous absence of cohesin, pass through S-phase with typical spatio-temporal patterns of replication domains. Evidence for structural changes of these domains compared to controls suggests that cohesin is required for their full integrity.
Glycoproteomics-based signatures for tumor subtyping and clinical outcome prediction of high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Pan Jianbo , Hu Yingwei , Sun Shisheng , Chen Lijun , Schnaubelt Michael , Clark David , Ao Minghui , Zhang Zhen , Chan Daniel , Qian Jiang , Zhang Hui
Published: December 2020

Inter-tumor heterogeneity is a result of genomic, transcriptional, translational, and post-translational molecular features. To investigate the roles of protein glycosylation in the heterogeneity of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), we perform mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomic characterization of 119 TCGA HGSC tissues. Cluster analysis of intact glycoproteomic profiles delineates 3 major tumor clusters and 5 groups of intact glycopeptides. It also shows a strong relationship between N-glycan structures and tumor molecular subtypes, one example of which being the association of fucosylation with mesenchymal subtype. Further survival analysis reveals that intact glycopeptide signatures of mesenchymal subtype are associated with a poor clinical outcome of HGSC. In addition, we study the expression of mRNAs, proteins, glycosites, and intact glycopeptides, as well as the expression levels of glycosylation enzymes involved in glycoprotein biosynthesis pathways in each tumor. The results show that glycoprotein levels are mainly controlled by the expression of their individual proteins, and, furthermore, that the glycoprotein-modifying glycans correspond to the protein levels of glycosylation enzymes. The variation in glycan types further shows coordination to the tumor heterogeneity. Deeper understanding of the glycosylation process and glycosylation production in different subtypes of HGSC may provide important clues for precision medicine and tumor-targeted therapy.
Machine learning predicts live-birth occurrence before in-vitro fertilization treatment
Authors: Goyal Ashish , Kuchana Maheshwar , Ayyagari Kameswari Prasada Rao
Published: December 2020

In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is a popular method of resolving complications such as endometriosis, poor egg quality, a genetic disease of mother or father, problems with ovulation, antibody problems that harm sperm or eggs, the inability of sperm to penetrate or survive in the cervical mucus and low sperm counts, resulting human infertility. Nevertheless, IVF does not guarantee success in the fertilization. Choosing IVF is burdensome for the reason of high cost and uncertainty in the result. As the complications and fertilization factors are numerous in the IVF process, it is a cumbersome task for fertility doctors to give an accurate prediction of a successful birth. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been employed in this study for predicting the live-birth occurrence. This work mainly focuses on making predictions of live-birth occurrence when an embryo forms from a couple and not a donor. Here, we compare various AI algorithms, including both classical Machine Learning, deep learning architecture, and an ensemble of algorithms on the publicly available dataset provided by Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). Insights on data and metrics such as confusion matrices, F1-score, precision, recall, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves are demonstrated in the subsequent sections. The training process has two settings Without feature selection and With feature selection to train classifier models. Machine Learning, Deep learning, ensemble models classification paradigms have been trained in both settings. The Random Forest model achieves the highest F1-score of 76.49% in without feature selection setting. For the same model, the precision, recall, and area under the ROC Curve (ROC AUC) scores are 77%, 76%, and 84.60%, respectively. The success of the pregnancy depends on both male and female traits and living conditions. This study predicts a successful pregnancy through the clinically relevant parameters in In-vitro fertilization. Thus artificial intelligence plays a promising role in decision making process to support the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment etc.
Using machine learning tools to predict outcomes for emergency department intensive care unit patients
Authors: Zhai Qiangrong , Lin Zi , Ge Hongxia , Liang Yang , Li Nan , Ma Qingbian , Ye Chuyang
Published: December 2020

The number of critically ill patients has increased globally along with the rise in emergency visits. Mortality prediction for critical patients is vital for emergency care, which affects the distribution of emergency resources. Traditional scoring systems are designed for all emergency patients using a classic mathematical method, but risk factors in critically ill patients have complex interactions, so traditional scoring cannot as readily apply to them. As an accurate model for predicting the mortality of emergency department critically ill patients is lacking, this study’s objective was to develop a scoring system using machine learning optimized for the unique case of critical patients in emergency departments. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary medical center in Beijing, China. Patients over 16 years old were included if they were alive when they entered the emergency department intensive care unit system from February 2015 and December 2015. Mortality up to 7 days after admission into the emergency department was considered as the primary outcome, and 1624 cases were included to derive the models. Prospective factors included previous diseases, physiologic parameters, and laboratory results. Several machine learning tools were built for 7-day mortality using these factors, for which their predictive accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC). The AUCs were 0.794, 0.840, 0.849 and 0.822 respectively, for the SVM, GBDT, XGBoost and logistic regression model. In comparison with the SAPS 3 model (AUC = 0.826), the discriminatory capability of the newer machine learning methods, XGBoost in particular, is demonstrated to be more reliable for predicting outcomes for emergency department intensive care unit patients.
High variability between regional histories of long-term atmospheric Pb pollution
Authors: Longman Jack , Ersek Vasile , Veres Daniel
Published: December 2020

The advent of metal processing was one of the key technological evolutions presaging the development of modern society. However, the interplay between metal use and the long-term changes it induced in the development and functioning of past societies remains unclear. We present a compilation of global records of anthropogenic atmospheric lead (Pb) spanning the last 4000 years, an effective indirect proxy for reliably assessing Pb emissions directly linked to human activities. Separating this global Pb pollution signal into regionally representative clusters allows identification of regional differences in pollution output that reflect technological innovations, market demands, or demise of various human cultures for last 4000 years. Our European reconstruction traces well periods of intensive metal production such as the Roman and Medieval periods, in contrast to clusters from the Americas, which show low levels of atmospheric Pb until the Industrial Revolution. Further investigation of the European synthesis results displays clear regional variation in the timing and extent of past development of polluting activities. This indicates the challenges of using individual reconstructions to infer regional or global development in Pb output and related pollution.
Differences in cortical structure between cognitively normal East Asian and Caucasian older adults: a surface-based morphometry study
Authors: Kang Dong Woo , Wang Sheng-Min , Na Hae-Ran , Park Sonya Youngju , Kim Nak Young , Lee Chang Uk , Kim Donghyeon , Son Seong-Jin , Lim Hyun Kook
Published: December 2020

There is a growing literature on the impact of ethnicity on brain structure and function. Despite the regional heterogeneity in age-related changes and non-uniformity across brain morphometry measurements in the aging process, paucity of studies investigated the difference in cortical anatomy between the East Asian and Caucasian older adults. The present study aimed to compare cortical anatomy measurements, including cortical thickness, volume and surface area, between cognitively normal East Asian (n = 171) and Caucasian (n = 178) older adults, using surface-based morphometry and vertex-wise group analysis of high-dimensional structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The East Asian group showed greater cortical thickness and larger cortical volume in the right superior temporal gyrus, postcentral gyrus, bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal cortex. The Caucasian group showed thicker and larger cortex in the left transverse temporal cortex, lingual gyrus, right lateral occipital cortex, and precentral gyrus. Additionally, the difference in surface area was discordant with that in cortical thickness. Differences in brain structure between the East Asian and Caucasian might reflect differences in language and information processing, but further studies using standardized methods for assessing racial characteristics are needed. The research results represent a further step towards developing a comprehensive understanding of differences in brain structure between ethnicities of older adults, and this would enrich clinical research on aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Novel tonometer device distinguishes brain stiffness in epilepsy surgery
Authors: Fallah Aria , Subramaniam Thirusivapragasam , Phillips H. Westley , Michalet Xavier , Vinters Harry V. , Yong William H. , Wu Joyce Y. , Salamon Noriko , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Wang Anthony C. , Reyes Samuel D. , Ibrahim George M. , Weil Alexander G. , Chang Julia W. , Babayan Diana , Nguyen Jimmy C. , Behnke Eric , Tseng Chi-Hong , Mathern Gary W.
Published: December 2020

Complete surgical resection of abnormal brain tissue is the most important predictor of seizure freedom following surgery for cortical dysplasia. While lesional tissue is often visually indiscernible from normal brain, anecdotally, it is subjectively stiffer. We report the first experience of the use of a digital tonometer to understand the biomechanical properties of epilepsy tissue and to guide the conduct of epilepsy surgery. Consecutive epilepsy surgery patients (n = 24) from UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital were recruited to undergo intraoperative brain tonometry at the time of open craniotomy for epilepsy surgery. Brain stiffness measurements were corrected with abnormalities on neuroimaging and histopathology using mixed-effects multivariable linear regression. We collected 249 measurements across 30 operations involving 24 patients through the pediatric epilepsy surgery program at UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital. On multivariable mixed-effects regression, brain stiffness was significantly associated with the presence of MRI lesion (β = 32.3, 95%CI 16.3–48.2; p < 0.001), severity of cortical disorganization (β = 19.8, 95%CI 9.4–30.2; p = 0.001), and recent subdural grid implantation (β = 42.8, 95%CI 11.8–73.8; p = 0.009). Brain tonometry offers the potential of real-time intraoperative feedback to identify abnormal brain tissue with millimeter spatial resolution. We present the first experience with this novel intraoperative tool for the conduct of epilepsy surgery. A carefully designed prospective study is required to elucidate whether the clinical application of brain tonometry during resective procedures could guide the area of resection and improve seizure outcomes.
Predicting the need for intubation in the first 24 h after critical care admission using machine learning approaches
Authors: Siu Benjamin Ming Kit , Kwak Gloria Hyunjung , Ling Lowell , Hui Pan
Published: December 2020

Early and accurate prediction of the need for intubation may provide more time for preparation and increase safety margins by avoiding high risk late intubation. This study evaluates whether machine learning can predict the need for intubation within 24 h using commonly available bedside and laboratory parameters taken at critical care admission. We extracted data from 2 large critical care databases (MIMIC-III and eICU-CRD). Missing variables were imputed using autoencoder. Machine learning classifiers using logistic regression and random forest were trained using 60% of the data and tested using the remaining 40% of the data. We compared the performance of logistic regression and random forest models to predict intubation in critically ill patients. After excluding patients with limitations of therapy and missing data, we included 17,616 critically ill patients in this retrospective cohort. Within 24 h of admission, 2,292 patients required intubation, whilst 15,324 patients were not intubated. Blood gas parameters (PaO2, PaCO2, HCO3−), Glasgow Coma Score, respiratory variables (respiratory rate, SpO2), temperature, age, and oxygen therapy were used to predict intubation. Random forest had AUC 0.86 (95% CI 0.85–0.87) and logistic regression had AUC 0.77 (95% CI 0.76–0.78) for intubation prediction performance. Random forest model had sensitivity of 0.88 (95% CI 0.86–0.90) and specificity of 0.66 (95% CI 0.63–0.69), with good calibration throughout the range of intubation risks. The results showed that machine learning could predict the need for intubation in critically ill patients using commonly collected bedside clinical parameters and laboratory results. It may be used in real-time to help clinicians predict the need for intubation within 24 h of intensive care unit admission.
Impact of remnant healthy pulp and apical tissue on outcomes after simulated regenerative endodontic procedure in rat molars
Authors: Edanami Naoki , Yoshiba Kunihiko , Shirakashi Mari , Ibn Belal Razi Saifullah , Yoshiba Nagako , Ohkura Naoto , Tohma Aiko , Takeuchi Ryosuke , Okiji Takashi , Noiri Yuichiro
Published: December 2020

When regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) are performed on immature teeth diagnosed with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis, various healing patterns occur. Furthermore, infected immature teeth with endodontic disorders often exhibit some remnant pulp and apical tissue. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of remnant healthy or fully functional pulp and apical tissue on healing patterns after REPs. Simulated REPs were performed on non-infected immature rat molars with different amounts of remnant pulp and apical tissue. Healing patterns in these teeth were assessed after 28 days. Teeth with 0.81–0.91 mm of remnant pulp healed with pulp-like tissue, dentin, and osteodentin-like dentin-associated mineralized tissue (OSD-DAMT); teeth with 0.60–0.63 mm of remnant pulp healed with pulp-like tissue and OSD-DAMT; teeth with 0.13–0.43 mm of remnant pulp healed with periodontal ligament (PDL)-like tissue, OSD-DAMT, and cementum-like dentin-associated mineralized tissue (CEM-DAMT); and teeth with disorganization of pulp and apical tissues at 0.15–0.38 mm beyond the root apex healed with PDL-like tissue, CEM-DAMT, and intracanal bone (IB). Loss of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath was observed with IB formation. These results showed that four distinct healing patterns occurred after REPs, depending on the preoperative amount of remnant healthy pulp and apical tissue.
New approach to determine the surface and interface thermodynamic properties of H-β-zeolite/rhodium catalysts by inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir , Ali Ahmad Ali , Roques-Carmes Thibault , Toufaily Joumana
Published: December 2020

The thermodynamic surface properties and Lewis acid–base constants of H-β-zeolite supported rhodium catalysts were determined by using the inverse gas chromatography technique at infinite dilution. The effect of the temperature and the rhodium percentage supported by zeolite on the acid base properties in Lewis terms of the various catalysts were studied. The dispersive component of the surface energy of Rh/H-β-zeolite was calculated by using both the Dorris and Gray method and the straight-line method. We highlighted the role of the surface areas of n-alkanes on the determination of the surface energy of catalysts. To this aim various molecular models of n-alkanes were tested, namely Kiselev, cylindrical, Van der Waals, Redlich–Kwong, geometric and spherical models. An important deviation in the values of the dispersive component of the surface energy $${\gamma }_{s}^{d}$$

γ

s

d

determined by the classical and new methods was emphasized. A non-linear dependency of $${\gamma }_{s}^{d}$$

γ

s

d

with the specific surface area of catalysts was highlighted showing a local maximum at 1%Rh. The study of RTlnVn and the specific free energy ∆Gsp(T) of n-alkanes and polar solvents adsorbed on the various catalysts revealed the important change in the acid properties of catalysts with both the temperature and the rhodium percentage. The results proved strong amphoteric behavior of all catalysts of the rhodium supported by H-β-zeolite that actively react with the amphoteric solvents (methanol, acetone, tri-CE and tetra-CE), acid (chloroform) and base (ether) molecules. It was shown that the Guttmann method generally used to determine the acid base constants KA and KD revealed some irregularities with a linear regression coefficient not very satisfactory. The accurate determination of the acid–base constants KA, KD and K of the various catalysts was obtained by applying Hamieh’s model (linear regression coefficients approaching r2 ≈ 1.000). It was proved that all acid base constants determined by this model strongly depends on the rhodium percentage and the specific surface area of the catalysts.
Author Correction: Early endosome autoantigen 1 regulates IL-1β release upon caspase-1 activation independently of gasdermin D membrane permeabilization
Authors: Baroja-Mazo Alberto , Compan Vincent , Martín-Sánchez Fátima , Tapia-Abellán Ana , Couillin Isabelle , Pelegrín Pablo
Published: December 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Modeling the effects of perisaccadic attention on gaze statistics during scene viewing
Authors: Schwetlick Lisa , Rothkegel Lars Oliver Martin , Trukenbrod Hans Arne , Engbert Ralf
Published: December 2020

How we perceive a visual scene depends critically on the selection of gaze positions. For this selection process, visual attention is known to play a key role in two ways. First, image-features attract visual attention, a fact that is captured well by time-independent fixation models. Second, millisecond-level attentional dynamics around the time of saccade drives our gaze from one position to the next. These two related research areas on attention are typically perceived as separate, both theoretically and experimentally. Here we link the two research areas by demonstrating that perisaccadic attentional dynamics improve predictions on scan path statistics. In a mathematical model, we integrated perisaccadic covert attention with dynamic scan path generation. Our model reproduces saccade amplitude distributions, angular statistics, intersaccadic turning angles, and their impact on fixation durations as well as inter-individual differences using Bayesian inference. Therefore, our result lend support to the relevance of perisaccadic attention to gaze statistics.
Emergent Literacy in Spanish-Speaking Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Preliminary Findings of Delays in Comprehension- and Code-Related Skills
Authors: Pratt Amy S. , Grinstead John A. , McCauley Rebecca J.
Published: December 2020

Purpose

This exploratory study describes the emergent literacy skills of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) who speak Spanish, a language with a simple phonological structure and transparent orthography. We examine differences between children with DLD and their typically developing (TD) peers on a battery of emergent literacy measures.

Method

Participants included 15 monolingual Spanish-speaking children with DLD (who did not present with cognitive difficulties) and 15 TD controls matched for age, gender, and socioeconomic status, ranging in age from 3;10 to 6;6 (years;months;
M
age
= 4;11). All children completed a battery of comprehension-related emergent literacy tasks (narrative retell, print concept knowledge) and code-related emergent literacy tasks (beginning sound, rhyming awareness, alphabet knowledge, and name-writing ability).

Results

On average, children with DLD performed significantly worse than TD controls on a battery of comprehension- and code-related emergent literacy measures. On all code-related skills except rhyming, children with DLD were more likely than their TD peers to score “at risk.”

Conclusions

The results suggest some universality in the effect of DLD on reading development. Difficulties with emergent literacy that are widely documented in English-speaking children with DLD were similarly observed in Spanish-speaking children with DLD. Future research should explore long-term reading outcomes in Spanish for children with DLD.
Detection of H2O and OH+ in z > 3 hot dust-obscured galaxies
Authors: Stanley F. , Knudsen K. K. , Aalto S. , Fan L. , Falstad N. , Humphreys E.
Published: December 2020

Aims. In this paper we present the detection of H2O and OH+ emission in z > 3 hot dust-obscured galaxies (Hot DOGs).

Methods. Using ALMA Band-6 observations of two Hot DOGs, we detected H2O(202 − 111) in W0149+2350, and H2O(312 − 303) and the multiplet OH+(11 − 01) in W0410−0913. These detections were serendipitous, falling within the side-bands of Band-6 observations aimed to study CO(9−8) in these Hot DOGs.

Results. We find that both sources have luminous H2O emission with line luminosities of LH2O(202 − 111) > 2.2 × 108 L⊙ and LH2O(312 − 303) = 8.7 × 108 L⊙ for W0149+2350 and W0410−0913, respectively. The H2O line profiles are similar to those seen for the neighbouring CO(9–8) line, with line widths of full width at half maximum (FWHM) ∼800−1000 km s−1. However, the H2O emission seems to be more compact than the CO(9−8). OH+(11 − 01) is detected in emission for W0410−0913, with a FWHM = 1000 km s−1 and a line luminosity of LOH+(11 − 01) = 6.92 × 108 L⊙. The ratio of the observed H2O line luminosity over the IR luminosity, for both Hot DOGs, is consistent with previously observed star-forming galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGN). The H2O/CO line ratio of both Hot DOGs and the OH+/H2O line ratio of W0410−0913 are comparable to those of luminous AGN found in the literature.

Conclusions. The bright H2O(202 − 111), and H2O(312 − 303) emission lines are likely due to the combined high star formation levels and luminous AGN in these sources. The presence of OH+ in emission, and the agreement of the observed line ratios of the Hot DOGs with luminous AGN in the literature, would suggest that the AGN emission is dominating the radiative output of these galaxies. However, follow-up multi-transition observations are needed to better constrain the properties of these systems.
Excellent Commodity of Capture Fisheries and Preservation of Fish Resources in Pekalongan City
Authors: Nur Bambang Azis , Triarso Imam , Kohar Muzakir Abdul
Published: December 2020

Pekalongan City is a coastal area on the north coast of Central Java Province, which has a fairly large fishing port, namely Pekalongan Archipelago Fishery Port.. This research objective to determine the exellent commodities of capture fisheries and efforts to preserve capture fisheries resources. Descriptive research methods have been used in this research. The data taken is secondary data from literature studies and related institutions, because the time of the research was still in the Covit 19 pandemic. Analysis of the data used is quantitative descriptive analysis. The research results showed that the dominant fishing gear was Purse seine and Gillnet. Purse seine vessels used are mini purse seine (<30GT) and pursein (> 30GT). Exellent commodity include Layang (Decapterus sp), Tonngkol (Thunnus tonggol) and Tembang (Sardinella fimbriata). Efforts to preserve fish resources in the City of Pekalongan are done by regulating the number of fishing gear and limiting the number of production and the number of fishing trips. The government policies in the effort to maintain the sustainability of fish resources include: banning the use of trawl and seine net, determination of Fisheries Management Areas (WPP) and limitation on the amount of catches allowed (JTB), as well as establishing fishing lanes.
Strategies for Revitalisation of Semarang Heritage Area: a Stakeholders Perspective
Authors: Hermawan Ferry , Sani Kinan Kartika , Purwanggono Bambang
Published: December 2020

The old City of Semarang as a heritage area has a significant historical value. Since Independence Day of Indonesia, that area has been abandoned and unoccupied without maintenance. Lack of activity makes the heritage area become a dead city and broad to some issues, environmental, buildings defects, social and institutional governance. The revitalisation activities of cultural heritage in some countries are unique to the technical, socio-economic and cultural aspects. Often the parties could not be generalised due to issues of the authorities, financial capabilities, readiness of stakeholders, and the complexity of its heritage buildings. The research aims to formulate a revitalisation strategy for the heritage area of Semarang to a World Heritage from the stakeholders’ perspective through a qualitative, descriptive method. The research strategy uses Focus Group Discussion, semi-structured interviews and field observations were involving the parties on old city revitalisation projects. The results provide the strategy for revitalisation of Semarang heritage area. Stakeholders perspectives become a lesson learned for future strategic management in heritage buildings, either private or public property
Hybrid Upflow-Anaerobic Filter (HU-AF) Integrated technology for bio-methane generation from vinasse with shorter hydraulic retention time
Authors: Harihastuti Nani , Yuliasni Rustiana , Djayanti Silvy , Irnaning H Novarina , Rame Rame , Prasetio Adi
Published: December 2020

Research about Hybrid Upflow-Anaerobic Filter (HU-AF) integrated technology for bioenergy generation from vinasse was conducted. Modification of influent flow system, expansion of filter contact area and addition of gas accumulator for biogas collection were used to enhance the degree of vinasse biodegradation biogas generation, and yet to shorten the hydraulic retention time (HRT). Hybrid Upflow-Anaerobic Filter (HU-AF) integrated technology was a double dome reactor with sequential connection, with up-flow inlet distribution inside the reactor. Total volume of HU-AF was 60 m3. A mixing and a feeding chamber, with volume 3 m3, each were installed before HU-AF reactor. A reservoir chamber with volume of 6 m3 was added after HU-AF reactor. OLR was 2.04 kg COD/day. A methanogenic seed sludge derived from anaerobic lagoon. The experiment was carried out initially by seeding, acclimatization and adaptation of microorganisms inside the reactor. A feeding ratio of vinasse: water = 1:4, and initial pH of 6 were adjusted. Result showed that Full-scale HU-AF integrated technology was able to degrade COD with maximum degradation of COD 55.45% at pH 7.1, and shorten the HRT into 32 days. Biogas production was consisted of 57.21 % methane, 13.98% CO2 and various gases 28.1% (H2S, VOC, CO and H2O). This experiment showed that HRT was shorter than conventional reactor.
Preparation of spherical LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4with core-multilayer shells structure by co-precipitation method and long cycle performance
Authors: Zhou Guo-Jiang , Yu Tao , Zhou Yang , Wei Li-Guo
Published: December 2020

As a promising cathode material for lithium ion battemensionalry of high voltage, spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4has attracted interest due to its high discharging voltage at 4.7 V and high energy density of 610 Wh kg-1. In this work, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4with a new core-multilayer shells structure (LNMO-900) is synthesized successfully by co-precipitation method and shows a better electrochemical performance. The formation of the core-multilayer shells structure is related to the kirkendall effect, the shell maintains structural stability, and improves long cycle performance. Core-multilayer shells structure is also beneficial for transmission of lithium ion, increasing rate performance. The effects of sintering temperature on the performance of LNMO were further investigated. Core-multilayer shells LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4is synthesized successfully at 900 °C for 12 h uniquely. From the integral calculation of XPS spectra, a higher content of Mn4+ is observed in the outer shell of LNMO-900 compared with other homogeneous solid particles. The discharge specific capacity of LNMO-900 is 129.3 mAh g-1at 1 C which is superior to others, and after 1000 cycles, LNMO-900 shows capacity retention of 87.9%. The initial capacity of LNMO-900 is 104.9 mAh g-1at 5 C.
Reactions related with hydroxyl, carboxyl and alkyl side chain at different temperature stages and the effects on low-rank coal ignition
Authors: Ma Shengyue , Xiong Jie , Xiao Jing , Zhang Yueling , Zhang Ruihong , Tian Yajun , Xie Kechang
Published: December 2020

Low-rank coal contains abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl and alkyl side chains, and reactions related to these groups are the main reason for the spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal. Here, two different low-rank coals (BRXL, YJL52) are selected. Firstly, the ignition temperatures of the coals are determined by thermogravimetric method. Secondly, the coals are heated at 100°C temperature intervals before the ignition temperature in the thermogravimetry, and infrared measurement is performed to explore the changes of these groups. Combining previous studies in the literatures with infrared analysis, it is found that reactions related are as follows: phenolic hydroxyl converting into alcoholic hydroxyl, alcoholic hydroxyl further oxidizing to carboxyl, and carboxyl decarboxylating into alkyl side chains. After that, the changes of phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl on the surface of the coal at 100°C temperature intervals are determined by titration, which further reveal the main reactions occurred in every temperature interval. Additionally, the actual heat release in different temperature ranges is discussed with the reaction enthalpies of the above-mentioned main reactions. As a result, the key temperature stage that causes spontaneous combustion is found. The screening study in this paper on the reaction of low-rank coal before spontaneous combustion provides a theoretical basis for the control of spontaneous combustion of low-rank coal.
Application of multi energy optimal scheduling in intelligent energy management and control platform
Authors: Nie Jing , Qi Xiaoguang , Song Yan , Xu Nan , Wang Yongli , Dong Huanran
Published: December 2020

This paper analyzes the physical architecture and functional requirements of the regional smart energy management and control platform, and points out the key technologies applied in the platform development. Based on the consideration of multi energy balance, diversified user demands and changeable scenarios, the day ahead economic optimal scheduling model of smart park is established, and the optimal scheduling operation results are given.