bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using patient‐reported outcomes to understand the effectiveness of guideline‐concordant care for post‐traumatic stress disorder in clinical practice
Authors: Shiner Brian , Gui Jiang , Leonard Westgate Christine , Schnurr Paula P. , Watts Bradley V. , Cornelius Sarah L. , Maguen Shira
Published: May 2019

Rationale

Identifying predictors of improvement amongst patients receiving routine treatment for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could provide information about factors that influence the clinical effectiveness of guideline‐concordant care. This study builds on prior work by accounting for delivery of specific evidence‐based treatments (EBTs) for PTSD while identifying potential predictors of clinical improvement using patient‐reported outcomes measurement.

Method

Our sample consisted of 2 643 US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatients who initiated treatment for PTSD between 2008 and 2013 and received at least four PTSD checklist (PCL) measurements over 12 weeks. We obtained PCL data as well as demographic, diagnostic, and health services use information from the VA corporate data warehouse. We used latent trajectory analysis to identify classes of patients based on PCL scores, then determined demographic, diagnostic, and treatment predictors of membership in each class.

Results

Patients who met our PCL‐based inclusion criteria were far more likely than those who did not receive EBTs. We identified two latent trajectories of PTSD symptoms. Patients in the substantial improvement group (25.9%) had a mean decrease in PCL score of 16.24, whereas patients in the modest improvement group improved by a mean of 8.09 points. However, there were few differences between the groups, and our model to predict group membership was only slightly better than chance (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.55). Of the 64 covariates we tested, the only robust individual predictor of improvement was gender, with men having lower odds of being in the substantial improvement group compared with women (odds ratio [OR] 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.58‐0.96).

Conclusion

VA patients with PTSD can realize significant improvement in routine clinical practice. Although available medical records‐based variables were generally insufficient to predict improvement trajectory, this study did indicate that men have lower odds of substantial improvement than women.
Drivers of growth for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) in Icelandic waters – A Bayesian approach to determine spatiotemporal variation and its causes
Authors: Frater Paul N. , Hrafnkelsson Birgir , Elvarsson Bjarki Th. , Stefansson Gunnar
Published: May 2019

This study assesses spatiotemporal and sex‐specific growth of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in Icelandic waters. We use a Bayesian approach which lends itself to fitting and comparing nested models such as these. We then compare fitted parameters of these models to potential explanatory variables using a redundancy analysis (RDA) to look for drivers of growth in G. morhua. Results indicate that models that incorporate differences in growth among time, space and sex are the best‐fitting models according to deviance information criterion (DIC). Results from RDA indicate that capelin Mallotus villosus recruitment and biomass is highly correlated with deviations in the von Bertalannfy growth parameter k and that
L∞ is correlated with G. morhua landings in the model that uses year to account for time‐varying growth and estimated G. morhua recruitment in the model that uses cohort to account for time‐varying growth.
Anti‐PirA‐like toxin immunoglobulin (IgY) in feeds passively immunizes shrimp against acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease
Authors: Nakamura Rika , Pedrosa‐Gerasmio Ivane R. , Alenton Rod Russel R. , Nozaki Reiko , Kondo Hidehiro , Hirono Ikuo
Published: May 2019

Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), caused by a toxin‐producing Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain, has become a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture. The need to regulate antibiotic use prompted the development of alternative ways to treat infections in aquaculture including the use of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) for passive immunization. This study evaluated the protective effect of IgY against AHPND infection in Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone). IgY was isolated from eggs laid by hens immunized with recombinant PirA‐like (rPirA) and PirB‐like (rPirB) toxins. Whole‐egg powders having IgY specific to rPirA (anti‐PirA‐IgY) and rPirB (anti‐PirB‐IgY) and IgY from non‐immunized hen (control‐IgY) were mixed with basal diets at 20% concentrations and used to prefeed shrimp 3 days before the bacterial challenge test. Survival rates of the challenged shrimp fed the anti‐PirA‐IgY, anti‐PirB‐IgY and control‐IgY diets were 86%, 14% and 0%, respectively. Only the feed containing anti‐PirA‐IgY protected shrimp against AHPND. Increasing the concentration of rPirA antigen to immunize hens and lowering the amount of egg powder in feeds to 10% consistently showed higher survival rates in shrimp fed with anti‐PirA‐IgY (87%) compared with the control (12%). These results confirm that addition of anti‐PirA‐IgY in feeds could be an effective prophylactic method against AHPND infection in shrimp.
Moderate‐to‐Vigorous Physical Activity Is Associated With Higher Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Older Adults
Authors: Adelnia Fatemeh , Urbanek Jacek , Osawa Yusuke , Shardell Michelle , Brennan Nicholas A. , Fishbein Kenneth W. , Spencer Richard G. , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Schrack Jennifer A. , Ferrucci Luigi
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

Age‐related decline in muscle oxidative capacity reduces muscle function and physical performance, leading to disability and frailty. Whether age‐related decline in oxidative capacity is modified by exercise and other lifestyle practices is unclear. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that physical activity is associated with better oxidative capacity, independent of age.

DESIGN

Cross‐sectional study performed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, conducted by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the National Institute on Aging (NIA).

SETTING

NIA IRP Clinical Research Unit, Baltimore, MD.

PARTICIPANTS

Participants included 384 adults (54.7% women), aged 22 to 92 years, seen between 2013 and 2017.

MEASUREMENTS

Muscle oxidative capacity was measured in vivo using phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We determined the postexercise time constant (τPCr; in seconds) for phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery, with lower values of τPCr, (ie, more rapid recovery of PCr levels after exercise) reflecting greater oxidative capacity. Time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using wearable accelerometers that participants wore 5.9 ± 0.9 consecutive days in the free‐living environment.

RESULTS

In linear regression models, higher τPCr was associated with older age (standardized β = .39; P < .001) after adjusting for sex, race, height, and weight. After including MVPA as an independent variable, the standardized regression coefficient of age decreased by 40%, but remained associated with τPCr (βage = .22; P < .001) and had a smaller standardized regression coefficient than MVPA (βMVPA = −.33; P < .001). After adjusting for health status, education, and smoking history, the standardized regression coefficient for age decreased 12% (βage = .20; P = .003), while the standardized coefficient for MVPA decreased only 3% (βMVPA = −.32; P < .001).

CONCLUSION

Study findings suggest that MVPA is strongly associated with muscle oxidative capacity, independent of age, providing mechanistic insights into the health benefits of exercise in older age. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1695–1699, 2019
Impact of the intellectual disability severity in the Spanish Personal Outcomes Scale
Authors: Carbó‐Carreté M. , Guàrdia‐Olmos J. , Peró‐Cebollero M. , Giné C.
Published: May 2019

Background

The interest in measuring quality of life (QoL) in persons with intellectual disability (ID) has brought about a number of QoL measurements for this population. These measurements need to address two issues that have contributed to enhancing the current instruments. First, the necessity to develop measures with adequate psychometric properties, which has been discussed in recent studies, and second, the agreement between experts in analysing objective and subjective perspectives, as well as the use of self‐report to include the participation of the person with ID. The question that we set out to investigate in this paper is whether the measurements function properly for the person with ID, independent of their level of severity. We used the Spanish version of the Personal Outcomes Scale, as it is a psychometrically sound instrument and includes three sources of information (the person with ID, a professional and a family member).

Method

The sample was composed of 529 persons with ID (296 men, representing 55.95% of the total sample, and 233 women, with Mage = 35.03, SD = 10.82) from several regions of Spain, along with their professional of reference and a family member. The severity variable was estimated for each item based on estimations of differential item functioning.

Results

The results showed that several items were undervalued by the assessments if the severity of the ID was greater. Mainly, this difference was observed in the assessments by professionals and in the dimensions of rights, personal development and self‐determination.

Conclusions

This paper focuses on the uses and interpretations of the results of the QoL measurements in the Personal Outcomes Scale. The results indicate that, in our sample, when people with high levels of ID are assessed, the functioning of some items are affected by the severity of this disability. For correct use, these items must be interpreted on the basis of the results obtained. Additionally, it is necessary to thoroughly review the QoL indicators for persons with severe or profound ID.
Assessing the Accuracy of Casting and Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Fabrication of a Complete Palatal Coverage Metal Framework
Authors: Forrester Keaton , Sheridan Ryan , Phoenix Rodney D.
Published: May 2019

Purpose

To provide information regarding the accuracy of additive manufacturing in comparison to conventional casting, specifically for fabrication of complete palatal coverage metal frameworks.

Materials and Methods

Three additive manufacturing techniques were tested: selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), and computer‐aided design/cast (CADcast), with conventional casting as the control. Both the SLM and EBM groups were tested pre‐ and post‐finishing, for a total of six test groups (n = 10/group). A digital master design was used as the standard to which all frameworks were digitally compared by best‐fit analysis, which generated root mean square values using proprietary software. A one‐way ANOVA was conducted to test for statistical differences among materials, followed by a post‐hoc multiple comparison test (Tukey's test HSD). Surface roughness for one framework arbitrarily selected from each group was analyzed using a profilometer.

Results

There was a significant difference in accuracy among the materials (F = 99.79, p < 0.0001). A post‐hoc Tukey test indicated that CADcast differed significantly from the other five materials (i.e., most accurate, p < 0.01). EBM prefinished and EBM finished were both significantly different from the other materials (i.e., least accurate). Color mapping images help visualize the differences between each framework compared to the master design. The surface roughness values ranged from 22 to 63.5 µm, with CADcast being the smoothest, and EBM prefinished the roughest.

Conclusions

CADcast and SLM techniques were as or more accurate than the conventional technique for producing an uncomplicated framework design. Further investigation is recommended regarding the surface roughness of additive manufacturing products and potential biological complications.
Membrane‐based therapeutic plasma exchange in dogs: Prescription, anticoagulation, and metabolic response
Authors: Francey Thierry , Schweighauser Ariane
Published: May 2019

Background

Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used increasingly in small animals to remove circulating large molecular products such as antibodies, pathogenic proteins, and protein‐bound toxins. Specific, efficient, and safe protocols need to be developed.

Hypothesis/Objectives

To describe the technique of membrane‐based TPE, the resulting physiological and metabolic changes, and to define an adequate regional citrate anticoagulation protocol.

Animals

Thirty‐four dogs treated with TPE (2011‐2017).

Methods

Retrospective review of all TPE treatments performed at the Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, identified through a search of the institutional database for extracorporeal treatments.

Results

Sixty‐four treatments were performed, resulting in 1.0 plasma volume exchange (range, 0.4‐1.1). Replacement fluids included fresh frozen plasma (12%‐100% volume), colloids (0%‐52%), human albumin (0%‐41%), and saline (0%‐70%). Anticoagulation was performed with regional citrate (n = 24), systemic heparinization (n = 2), or combined (n = 38). Main relevant laboratory changes included a 24.7% decrease in total proteins (interquartile range, 16.7‐31.4;P < .001), 53% in fibrinogen (−30 to 63;P= .009), 36% in bilirubin (13‐43,P= .02), 9.0% in urea (0.7‐15.7;P < .001), and 4.5% in creatinine (−6.6 to 10.6;P= .006). Citrate accumulation was evidenced in all dogs, more pronounced in those with renal but not with hepatic impairment. Maximal tolerable citrate rates were estimated as 5.5 and 9.0 μmol/kg/min for treatments in dogs with and without renal impairment, respectively. Complications were observed in 22 treatments (34%) and were fatal in 2 dogs.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Therapeutic plasma exchange causes metabolic and biochemical alterations. Understanding these effects makes possible to anticipate most complications and to improve safety of the procedure.
Sustained effect of repeated botulinum toxin type A injections in trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Gorimanipalli Bhavya , Elavarasi Arunmozhimaran , Goyal Vinay , Goyal Chanchal , Shukla Garima , Behari Madhuri
Published: May 2019

Background

Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic severely disabling facial pain syndrome, which significantly affects the quality of life of patients. Drugs are effective in controlling pain, but surgery is offered in drug‐refractory cases, which may not be feasible due to lack of availability of neurosurgeons or due to unfavorable risk‐benefit ratio or patient preference. Botulinum neurotoxin is an effective alternative in patients who are drug refractory and not willing for surgery.

Objectives

To study the safety and efficacy of repeated injections of botulinum neurotoxin in the treatment of drug‐refractory trigeminal neuralgia.

Methodology

Retrospective review of all case files was done, and required data were retrieved for analysis.

Results

In 23 patients, 54 injections of botulinum neurotoxin were given. The pain on VAS decreased from 9.08 ± 1.41 to 1.03 ± 1.69 with P < 0.0001. All patients had >50% relief in pain. The efficacy of injection was comparable in single injection as well as repeated injections group.

Conclusions

Repeated injection of botulinum neurotoxin is safe and effective method of treatment in patients who do not want or those who are not fit for surgery.
Reasons for successful clinical outcome following pulmonary vein isolation despite lack of persistent LA‐PV conduction block
Authors: Pandozi Claudio , Lavalle Carlo , Ficili Sabina , Russo Maurizio , Galeazzi Marco , Rio Teresa , Centurion Aznaran Carlos , Malacrida Maurizio , Colivicchi Furio
Published: May 2019

The mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) induction and maintenance, including those involved in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, are not completely known; this limits our ablation strategies and prevents us from understanding what we are actually doing when performing pulmonary vein isolation. In this report, we focus on the commonly used ablation strategies for AF and question the importance of complete pulmonary vein isolation in achieving lasting success in the ablation of AF. We also discuss in detail the absence of durable pulmonary vein isolation in patients without arrhythmic recurrences after AF ablation and the possibility to cure paroxysmal AF without concomitant pulmonary vein isolation, provocatively questioning the dogma of pulmonary vein isolation as the cornerstone of AF ablation. Finally, a prospective personalized approach in the individual patient is advocated.
Catatonia in patients with anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis
Authors: Espinola‐Nadurille Mariana , Flores‐Rivera Jose , Rivas‐Alonso Veronica , Vargas‐Cañas Steven , Fricchione Gregory L. , Bayliss Leo , Martinez‐Juarez Iris E. , Hernandez‐Vanegas Laura E. , Martinez‐Hernandez Ruben , Bautista‐Gomez Paola , Solis‐Vivanco Rodolfo , Perez‐Esparza Rodrigo , Bustamante‐Gomez Paula A. , Restrepo‐Martinez Miguel , Ramirez‐Bermudez Jesus
Published: May 2019

Aim

There is a lack of studies related to the frequency, phenomenology, and associated features of catatonic syndrome in patients with anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE). This study aimed to measure the frequency of catatonia in this condition and to delineate its particular symptoms.

Methods

A prospective study was done with all inpatients who fulfilled the criteria of definite ANMDARE admitted to the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico from January 2014 to September 2018. The Bush–Francis Catatonia Rating Scale and Braünig Catatonia Rating Scale were administered at admission.

Results

Fifty‐eight patients were included and catatonia was diagnosed in 41 of these patients (70.6%). Immobility, staring, mutism, and posturing were the most frequent catatonic signs. Catatonia was associated with delirium, hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, generalized electroencephalography dysfunction, and previous use of antipsychotics. Mortality was present in 10% of the total sample; it was associated with status epilepticus, and was less frequent in the catatonia group. After immunotherapy, all cases showed a complete recovery from catatonic signs.

Conclusion

This systematic assessment of catatonic syndrome shows that it is a frequent feature in patients with ANMDARE as part of a clinical pattern that includes delirium, psychomotor agitation, and hallucinations. The lack of recognition of this pattern may be a source of diagnostic and therapeutic errors, as most physicians associate catatonia with schizophrenia and affective disorders.
Chronosequence of former kaolinite open cast mines suggests active intervention is required for the restoration of Atlantic heathland
Authors: Lane Mary , Hanley Mick E. , Lunt Paul , Knight Mairi E. , Braungardt Charlotte B. , Ellis Jonathan S.
Published: May 2019

Atlantic lowland heath (ALH) is a priority conservation habitat in Western Europe, but restoration efforts have met with mixed success due to the complexity associated with replicating establishment conditions. By virtue of their impoverished, often acidic soils and geographic location in areas naturally occupied by ALH communities, former kaolinite mine sites may offer an excellent opportunity for heathland restoration. Using a chronosequence of former open cast kaolinite mines in South West England (0, 2, 27, and 150 years since mining ceased), we determined the ability of ALH vegetation and soils to reestablish naturally and in addition, for the three youngest sites, how the reinstatement of stored overburden affected heathland regeneration. Analysis of soil characteristics revealed major differences in the levels of acidity, organic content, and fertility between abandoned kaolinite sites and a nearby natural reference heath. Even 150 years after mining ceased, concentrations of all major soil nutrients and organic content were lower, and pH higher, than undisturbed ALH. The reinstatement of overburden did little to improve soil quality, since all former kaolinite sites were dominated by mesotrophic grasses, rather than species characteristic of the target ALH community. We conclude that to maximize the potential of former open cast kaolinite sites for ALH reestablishment, changes in pre‐ and postrestoration management are required. These include modification of how overburden is stockpiled, while the addition of organic material, microbial communities, and sulfur (to reduce soil pH) to reinstated overburden are likely also essential interventions to facilitate successful ALH establishment.
A custom made extraoral aid for retaining interim obturator in edentulous patients with bilateral maxillectomy: A report of four patients
Authors: Dhiman Mohit , Shastry Tejomay , Bhandari Sudhir , Singh Sombir , Verma Sanjeev
Published: May 2019

It is a considerable challenge for a prosthodontist to rehabilitate and sustain the prosthesis in edentulous patients with bilateral maxillectomy. Compelling evidence is lacking with respect to the treatment outcome when the maxillary defects are closed surgically in comparison to their prosthetic rehabilitation. Four edentulous male patients, with bilateral maxillectomy defects were referred for prosthodontic intervention to meet their nutritional and speech issues. In the absence of intra oral supporting and retentive structures, it was decided to retain the obturator utilizing extraoral aid to address their functional needs.

Customized headgear face‐bow retained obturators were adequately retentive and did serve its purpose well in all four patients. It also gave the liberty to alter retention and refine the prosthesis at will, provided access to the operated site for a quick evaluation of disease recurrence, and was economical to the patients. Considering the encouraging outcome experienced in this special category of individuals, it would be reasonable to believe that the headgear face‐bow assembly has an immense potential to function as a valuable, prudent, and a viable retentive aid for a non‐implant retained obturator in edentulous patients with extensive maxillary defect.
Trends in the Relative Influence of Education and Income on Highbrow Taste, 1982–2012
Authors: Yuksek Durmus A. , Dumais Susan A. , Kamo Yoshinori
Published: May 2019

Although numerous studies have confirmed the separate effects of economic and cultural capital on arts participation, research focusing on the cumulative and interactive effects of economic and cultural capital through the creation of taste publics is limited. Using data from the United States (Survey of Public Participation in the Arts [1982–2012]), this research integrates economic and cultural capital—measured as income and education—into the analysis of taste, creates taste publics, and examines their association with highbrow arts participation over time. We find that the effects of economic and cultural capital on highbrow arts participation decreased between 1982 and 2012, and American publics seem to have converged across both types of capital. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Sequence‐based typing identification of a novel allele HLA‐A*30:115
Authors: Li Xiaobo , Xu Huifang , Mo Xiaodong , Yang Huanjie
Published: May 2019

One nucleotide replacement at position 643 of HLA‐A*30:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐A*30:115.
Long‐term outcomes of 54 dogs with tracheal collapse treated with a continuous extraluminal tracheal prosthesis
Authors: Suematsu Masahiro , Suematsu Hiroaki , Minamoto Tomomi , Machida Noboru , Hirao Daiki , Fujiki Makoto
Published: May 2019

Objective

To describe the surgical placement of a continuous extraluminal tracheal prosthesis (CETP) and report the subsequent postoperative clinical outcomes in dogs with tracheal collapse.

Study design

Retrospective case series.

Animals

Fifty‐four dogs.

Methods

Medical records of dogs in which cervical and/or thoracic inlet tracheal collapse was diagnosed and treated by placement of a CETP between 2010 and 2017 were reviewed to evaluate postoperative complications, changes in respiratory function, and survival. Histological examinations of tracheal tissues performed in 2 dogs at 51 and 57 months after surgery were also reviewed.

Results

Fifty‐three (98%) dogs survived to discharge. Postoperative complications included laryngeal paralysis (1 dog), disseminated intravascular coagulation (1 dog), and recurrent tracheal collapse (2 dogs). None of the dogs exhibited clinical evidence of tracheal necrosis. Preoperative dry, harsh cough resolved in 87% of the dogs after surgery. Goose honking cough was resolved in 25 of 26 (96%) dogs. Median follow‐up time was 30 months (range, 16 days to 76 months). The survival rate at 36 months was 86% (CI: 75%‐96%). On histological examination in 2 dogs, the tracheal tissue surrounding the prosthesis was well preserved and without evidence of chronic inflammation.

Conclusion

Continuous extraluminal tracheal prosthesis placement in dogs with tracheal collapse resulted in low postoperative complication rates and good long‐term outcomes.

Clinical significance

Continuous extraluminal tracheal prosthesis placement provides a viable alternative surgical option for managing dogs with tracheal collapse.
Examination of Burnout Levels of Athletes Studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences
Authors: Doğan Erol
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate burnout levels of athletes studying at the faculty of sports sciences. 250 students (female; 102, male; 148) who study in Ondokuz Mayıs University, at the Faculty of Sport Sciences and actively participate in sports life were included in the study. The 5-point Likert-type sports burnout scale developed by Raedeke and Smith (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Kelecek et al.(2016) was used to determine the burnout levels of the subjects. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the statistical analysis of the study. When the results of the study were examined, in gender, team and individual athletes status and in emotional / physical, declining sense of success in section variables, in none of the sensitization sub-dimensions no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). As a result, it is thought that the absence of significant difference in the levels of athletic burnout in the findings of the current research may be due to the subject groups’ actively continuing sports, studying at the same faculty and and therefore having the same intensity courses. However, in future researches, when examined with variables such as individually separation of branches, training densities, league levels they play and classes, it is thought that it may make a difference.
Examination of the Psychological Resilience of Athletes Dealing With Different Team Sports
Authors: Doğan Erol
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the psychological resilience of athletes who are dealing with different sports teams. 300 hundred male athletes ( football; 80, volleyball 80, basketball; 80, and handball; 60) who involved in different sports teams with at least five years of regular training history were included in the study. The psychological resilience scale developed by Friborget al. (2003) was used to determine the psychological resilience of the subjects. SPSS 22.0 program was used in the statistical analysis of the study. When the results of the study were examined, no statistically significant difference was found in the psychologic durability levels of the athletes dealing with the fields of football, basketball, volleyball, and handball (p>0.05). As a result, it was observed that male athletes dealing with different kinds of team sports had similar psychological resilience levels. It is thought that this is due to the fact that all athletes adapt themselves to the needs of their branches with extra motivation for success and for proving their talents within the team for success.
El concepto de pudor en Kierkegaard: análisis de la determinación sexual en El concepto de angustia
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo Uriel
Published: May 2019

A pesar de la extraordinaria variedad de estudios sobre la filosofía de Kierkegaard, su concepto de pudor no ha recibido suficiente atención. Mi trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar y analizar el concepto de pudor de Kierkegaard, tal como se desarrolla en El concepto de angustia (1844) del seudónimo Vigilius Haufniensis. Primero, intento brindar una comprensión de algunos de los temas principales del libro de Haufniensis (espíritu, tarea, angustia). Segundo, examino lo que manifiesta el fenómeno psicológico del pudor sobre la estructura de la subjetividad del ser humano.
Da transgressão à pureza: saber, poder e política no Édipo de Foucault
Authors: Incerti Fabiano
Published: May 2019

Foucault reconhece, em suas análises da década de 1970, que Édipo significa uma ruptura entre o saber específico e o poder político. Para ele, há tanto em Platão como em Sófocles resistência ao modelo social no qual o soberano detinha o poder da mântica, da justiça e da vida política. O que deve desaparecer, para ambos, é a imagem do rei sábio, que sustenta, governa, pilota, endireita a cidade e a livra da peste e da fome, e a sua versão rejuvenescida, o tirano, que salva a cidade, mas o faz desviando-se do oráculo dos deuses. A história edipiana é, portanto, a passagem do poder político ligado às transgressões e às lutas para o poder político entendido, desde então, como pureza, cegueira e ignorância.
Genealogía de un desencuentro. Reseña a Nihilismo y verdad. Nietzsche en América Latina de Alejandro Sánchez Lopera
Authors: López Jiménez Carlos Arturo
Published: May 2019

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Computational Modeling of Human Left Ventricle to Assess the Effects of Trabeculae Carneae on the Diastolic and Systolic Functions
Authors: Fatemifar Fatemeh , Feldman Marc D. , Clarke Geoffrey D. , Finol Ender A. , Han Hai-Chao
Published: May 2019

Trabeculae carneae are irregular structures that cover the endocardial surfaces of both ventricles and account for a significant portion of human ventricular mass. The role of trabeculae carneae in diastolic and systolic functions of the left ventricle (LV) is not well understood. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the functional role of trabeculae carneae in the LV. Finite element (FE) analyses of ventricular functions were conducted for three different models of human LV derived from high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The first model comprised trabeculae carneae and papillary muscles, while the second model had papillary muscles and partial trabeculae carneae, and the third model had a smooth endocardial surface. We customized these patient-specific models with myofiber architecture generated with a rule-based algorithm, diastolic material parameters of Fung strain energy function derived from biaxial tests and adjusted with the empirical Klotz relationship, and myocardial contractility constants optimized for average normal ejection fraction (EF) of the human LV. Results showed that the partial trabeculae cutting model had enlarged end-diastolic volume (EDV), reduced wall stiffness, and even increased end-systolic function, indicating that the absence of trabeculae carneae increased the compliance of the LV during diastole, while maintaining systolic function.
Analysis of Large-Amplitude Oscillations in Triple-Well Non-Natural Systems
Authors: Lai S. K. , Yang X. , Gao F. B.
Published: May 2019

In this paper, the large-amplitude oscillation of a triple-well non-natural system, covering both qualitative and quantitative analysis, is investigated. The nonlinear system is governed by a quadratic velocity term and an odd-parity restoring force having cubic and quintic nonlinearities. Many mathematical models in mechanical and structural engineering applications can give rise to this nonlinear problem. In terms of qualitative analysis, the equilibrium points and its trajectories due to the change of the governing parameters are studied. It is interesting that there exist heteroclinic and homoclinic orbits under different equilibrium states. By adjusting the parameter values, the dynamic behavior of this conservative system is shifted accordingly. As exact solutions for this problem expressed in terms of an integral form must be solved numerically, an analytical approximation method can be used to construct accurate solutions to the oscillation around the stable equilibrium points of this system. This method is based on the harmonic balance method incorporated with Newton's method, in which a series of linear algebraic equations can be derived to replace coupled and complicated nonlinear algebraic equations. According to this harmonic balance-based approach, only the use of Fourier series expansions of known functions is required. Accurate analytical approximate solutions can be derived using lower order harmonic balance procedures. The proposed analytical method can offer good agreement with the corresponding numerical results for the whole range of oscillation amplitudes.
Calculation of Evaporation From Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant Spent Fuel Pools
Authors: Shah Mirza M.
Published: May 2019

Prediction of evaporation rates from spent fuel pools of nuclear power plants in normal and postaccident conditions is of great importance for the design of safety systems. A severe accident in 2011 Fukushima nuclear power plant caused failure of cooling systems of its spent fuel pools. The postaccident evaporation from the spent fuel pools of Fukushima units 2 and 4 is compared to a model based on analogy between heat and mass transfer which has been validated with a wide range of data from many water pools including a spent fuel pool. Calculations are done with two published estimates of fuel decay heat, one 25% lower than the other. The model predictions are close to the evaporation using the lower estimate of decay heat. Other relevant test data are also analyzed and found in good agreement with the model.
Precise setting of micro-cavity resonance wavelength by dry etching
Authors: Jahed Mehdi , Gustavsson Johan S. , Larsson Anders
Published: May 2019

With an intracavity phase tuning technique, the authors demonstrate <2 nm precision in wavelength setting of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) microresonators in the wavelength range 1040–1070 nm using an Ar ion-beam etching process with subnanometer precision in etch depth. This postgrowth fabrication technique for controlling the wavelength of individual VCSELs is promising for the development of monolithic multiwavelength VCSEL arrays with precisely defined wavelengths for wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical interconnects and the assembly of compact and high-capacity WDM transmitters.
Molecular mechanism and potential target indication of TAK-931, a novel CDC7-selective inhibitor
Authors: Iwai Kenichi , Nambu Tadahiro , Dairiki Ryo , Ohori Momoko , Yu Jie , Burke Kristine , Gotou Masamitsu , Yamamoto Yukiko , Ebara Shunsuke , Shibata Sachio , Hibino Ryosuke , Nishizawa Satoru , Miyazaki Tohru , Homma Misaki , Oguro Yuya , Imada Takashi , Cho Nobuo , Uchiyama Noriko , Kogame Akifumi , Takeuchi Toshiyuki , Kurasawa Osamu , Yamanaka Kazunori , Niu Huifeng , Ohashi Akihiro
Published: May 2019

A next generation cancer drug candidate, a CDC7 inhibitor, TAK-931, was developed, which is being evaluated in clinical trials.
HspB1 phosphorylation regulates its intramolecular dynamics and mechanosensitive molecular chaperone interaction with filamin C
Authors: Collier Miranda P. , Alderson T. Reid , de Villiers Carin P. , Nicholls Daisy , Gastall Heidi Y. , Allison Timothy M. , Degiacomi Matteo T. , Jiang He , Mlynek Georg , Fürst Dieter O. , van der Ven Peter F. M. , Djinovic-Carugo Kristina , Baldwin Andrew J. , Watkins Hugh , Gehmlich Katja , Benesch Justin L. P.
Published: May 2019

The molecular chaperone HspB1 regulates the biomechanical extension of the heart muscle protein filamin C upon stress.
Food antigens drive spontaneous IgE elevation in the absence of commensal microbiota
Authors: Hong Sung-Wook , O Eunju , Lee Jun Young , Lee Minji , Han Daehee , Ko Hyun-Ja , Sprent Jonathan , Surh Charles D. , Kim Kwang Soon
Published: May 2019

Food antigens drive spontaneous IgE elevation in the absence of microbiota by inducing IL-4–producing T follicular helper cells.
PDE1 inhibition facilitates proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins and protects against cardiac proteinopathy
Authors: Zhang Hanming , Pan Bo , Wu Penglong , Parajuli Nirmal , Rekhter Mark D. , Goldberg Alfred L. , Wang Xuejun
Published: May 2019

PDE1 inhibition enhances the proteasome and protects against proteinopathy and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
EphA7 Functions as Receptor on BJAB Cells for Cell-to-Cell Transmission of the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and for Cell-Free Infection by the Related Rhesus Monkey Rhadinovirus
Authors: Großkopf Anna K. , Schlagowski Sarah , Hörnich Bojan F. , Fricke Thomas , Desrosiers Ronald C. , Hahn Alexander S.
Published: May 2019

Infection of B cells is relevant for two KSHV-associated malignancies, the plasmablastic variant of multicentric Castleman’s disease and PEL. Therefore, elucidating the process of B cell infection is important for the understanding of KSHV pathogenesis. While the high-affinity receptor for the gH/gL glycoprotein complex, EphA2, has been shown to function as an entry receptor for various types of adherent cells, the gH/gL complex can also interact with other Eph receptor tyrosine kinases with lower avidity. We analyzed the Eph interactions required for infection of BJAB cells, a model for B cell infection by KSHV. We identified EphA7 as the principal Eph receptor for infection of BJAB cells by KSHV and the related rhesus monkey rhadinovirus. While two analyzed PEL cell lines exhibited high EphA2 and low EphA7 expression, a third PEL cell line, BCBL-1, showed high EphA7 and low EphA2 expression, indicating a possible relevance for KSHV pathology.
Diamond and coesite inclusions in detrital garnet of the Saxonian Erzgebirge, Germany
Authors: Schönig Jan , von Eynatten Hilmar , Meinhold Guido , Lünsdorf N. Keno
Published: May 2019

Local occurrences of coesite- and diamond-bearing rocks in the central Erzgebirge (northwestern Bohemian Massif, Germany) reveal ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic conditions during the Variscan orogeny. Although UHP metamorphism supposedly affected a wider area, implying that rocks that equilibrated under UHP conditions occur dispersed in large volumes of high-pressure country-rock gneisses, mineralogical evidence is scarce. Here we have applied the new concept of capturing the distribution and characteristics of UHP rocks by analyzing inclusions in detrital garnet. Out of 700 inclusion-bearing garnets from seven modern sand samples from creeks draining the UHP area around the Saidenbach reservoir, we detected 26 garnets containing 46 mainly monomineralic coesite inclusions and 22 garnets containing 41 diamond inclusions. Combining these results with geochemical classification of the host garnets, we show (1) that coesite-bearing rocks are common and comprise eclogites as well as felsic gneisses, (2) that small inclusion size is a necessary precondition for the preservation of monomineralic coesite, and (3) for the first time, that diamond-bearing crustal rocks can be detected by analyzing the detrital record. Our results highlight the potential of this novel application of sedimentary provenance tools to UHP research, and the necessity of looking at the micrometer scale to find evidence in the form of preserved UHP minerals.
Influence of timing of initiation of therapeutic hypothermia on brain MRI and neurodevelopment at 18 months in infants with HIE: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guillot Mireille , Philippe Marissa , Miller Elka , Davila Jorge , Barrowman Nicholas James , Harrison Mary-Ann , Ben Fadel Nadya , Redpath Stephanie , Lemyre Brigitte
Published: May 2019

Objective

To examine the influence of timing of initiation of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on brain injury on MRI and on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Ontario, Canada.

Patients

Ninety-one patients with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) were included, 54 in the early TH group and 37 in the late TH group.

Intervention

Whole-body hypothermia administered for 72 hours, initiated either before 3 hours of life (early TH) or between 3 and 6 hours of life (late TH).

Main outcome measures

Brain injury on MRI after TH (assessed by two neuroradiologists), and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months old.

Results

TH was initiated at a median time of 1.4 hours (early TH) and 4.4 hours (late TH). Sixty-four neonates (early TH=36, late TH=28) survived and completed neurodevelopmental assessment at 18 months. Neonates in the early TH group received more extensive resuscitation than neonates in the late TH group (p=0.0008). No difference was observed between the two groups in the pattern or severity of brain injury on MRI, or in the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months. The non-survivors (n=16) had lower Apgar scores at 10 min, more extensive resuscitation, suffered from more severe HIE and had significantly more abnormal cerebral function monitoring.

Conclusion

In this retrospective cohort study, TH initiated early was associated neither with a difference in brain injury on MRI nor better neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months.
Association of sex and atrial fibrillation therapies with patient-reported outcomes
Authors: Gleason Kelly Therese , Dennison Himmelfarb Cheryl Renee , Ford Daniel Ernest , Lehmann Harold , Samuel Laura , Jain Sandeep , Naccarelli Gerald , Aggarwal Vikas , Nazarian Saman
Published: May 2019

Objectives

Women report higher atrial fibrillation (AF) symptom severity and receive less AF therapies than their male counterparts. It is understudied if differences in AF therapies received explains sex differences in AF symptom severity. We investigate the impact of sex and AF therapies on patient-reported outcomes.

Methods

Participants were recruited (n=953) across four academic medical centres with an AF diagnosis and age ≥18 years. Patient-reported outcomes (AF symptom severity, AF-related quality of life, functional status and emotional status) were determined by biannual surveys. We performed multiple linear regressions on propensity-matched cohorts to determine the association of AF therapies and sex on patient-reported outcomes.

Results

Our study population (n=953) was 65% male (n=616), 93% white (n=890) and 72 (±10) years old. Individuals receiving rate control therapy reported comparatively lower AF-related quality of life (−7.22, 95% CI −11.51 to –2.92) and poorer functional status (−3.69, 95% CI −5.27 to –2.12). Individuals receiving rhythm control strategies did not report significantly different patient-reported outcomes. Women were more likely to report poorer functional status (−2.63, 95% CI −3.86 to –1.40) and poorer AF-related quality of life, higher anxiety (2.33, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.59), higher symptoms of depression (1.48, 95% CI 0.31 to 2.65) and AF symptom severity (0.29, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.52).

Conclusions

Female sex was associated with comparatively poorer AF symptom severity and quality of life, and this association remained after accounting for AF therapies received. Receiving rate control medication alone was associated with comparatively poorer AF-related quality of life and functional status.
Propensity score-matched analysis of patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Miura Shiro , Yamashita Takehiro , Hanyu Michiya , Kumamaru Hiraku , Shirai Shinichi , Ando Kenji
Published: May 2019

Objective

Severe aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most serious valve conditions. Patient demography and the aetiology of AS have substantially changed in the past several decades along with a drastic improvement of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and its associated procedures. Contemporary patients with severe AS have multiple comorbidities and live much longer. We aimed to elucidate the treatment effects of SAVR on long-term outcome in propensity score (PS)-matched and the entire patient populations.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 570 patients with severe AS defined as an aortic valve area of 1.0 cm2or less. Systemic differences in 39 baseline characteristics between non-SAVR and SAVR groups were adjusted using PS matching method. The endpoints included all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events that included heart failure, non-fatal stroke, syncope and acute coronary syndrome.

Results

Overall, 55% of the entire population (mean age 78 years; males 41%) were symptomatic. During 3.9 years of the median follow-up, 210 (36%) patients underwent SAVR and 231 (41%) died. Cumulative incidences of mortality and both mortality and cardiovascular events were significantly higher in the non-SAVR group than in the other group (p<0.001, each). Among 101 PS-matched pairs, SAVR correlated with a lower mortality risk (HR 0.35; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.59; p<0.001)) and mortality and cardiovascular events combined (HR 0.62; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.92; p=0.02). However, survival difference between both groups was markedly smaller among asymptomatic patients in the subgroup of matched patients.

Conclusion

Patients with AS undergoing SAVR exhibit a lower incidence of all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular events than those not undergoing surgical interventions, even after the baseline characteristics are balanced by the PS matching. The correlation between SAVR and survival from cardiovascular events is less evident among asymptomatic patients.
Trial protocol for the validation of the‘Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life (TASQ) Questionnaire’ in patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transfemoral (TF) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): the TASQ registry
Authors: Frank Derk , Kennon Simon , Bonaros Nikolaos , Romano Mauro , Lefèvre Thierry , Di Mario Carlo , Stefàno Pierluigi , Ribichini Flavio Luciano , Himbert Dominique , Urena-Alcazar Marina , Salgado-Fernandez Jorge , Cuenca Castillo Jose Joaquin , Garcia Bruno , Kurucova Jana , Thoenes Martin , Lüske Claudia , Bramlage Peter , Styra Rima
Published: May 2019

Background

Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) have a reduced life expectancy and quality of life (QoL), owing to advanced age and the presence of multiple comorbidities. Currently, there is no AS-specific QoL measurement tool, which prevents an accurate assessment of how this chronic condition and its treatment affect patients. The Toronto Aortic Stenosis Quality of Life Questionnaire (TASQ) was developed in order to address this deficiency.

Methods

The present trial protocol was designed to enable validation of the TASQ, which has been produced in five languages (English, French, German, Italian and Spanish) to increase usability. Patients with severe AS who are undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) will be asked to complete the TASQ and, for comparative purposes, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and the general health-related QoL Short Form-12 questionnaire. The questionnaires will be completed prior to the intervention, at discharge, as well as at 30 days and 3 months follow-up. A total of 290 patients will be recruited across one Canadian and nine European centres. Overall, the protocol validation aims to include 120 patients undergoing transfemoral TAVI (TF-TAVI), 120 undergoing SAVR and up to 50 being treated medically. The primary objective of the registry is to validate the TASQ in five different languages. The secondary objective is to assess the utility of the TASQ for assessing differences in QoL outcome between patients undergoing TF-TAVI, SAVR or medical management for their AS.

Discussion

Validation and roll-out of the TASQ will enable clinicians to capture an accurate assessment of how AS and its management affects the QoL of patients and will help them to determine the most appropriate treatment strategy for individual patients.

Trial registration number

NCT03186339