bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chaotic Oscillations in a System of Two Coupled Self-Oscillatorswith Dedicated Inertia
Authors: Sergey Savel'ev , Ludmila Morozova
Published: May 2024

Using the example of a generator model with dedicated inertia, a theoretical study of two coupled self-oscillators with capacitive coupling, their sequential single-frequency synchronization, chaos and two-frequency synchronization with an adiabatic change in the magnitude of the coupling between partial self-oscillators was carried out. The parameters of self-oscillators and the values of the coupling coefficient at which the specified operating modes of coupled self-oscillators exist are determined. The results of numerical studies, illustrating the conditions for excitation of single-frequency, chaotic and dual-frequency oscillations in a system of coupled self-oscillators are presented.
Role of Flavonoids in Sepsis: Advances and Future Prospects
Authors: Esmail Sara Osman , Sahlan Ahmed Zorin
Published: May 2024

Due to the host immunological disease brought on by infection is sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which has a high morbidity and mortality rate, could be the result. With advances in pathogen detection technologies, breakthroughs in anti-infection drugs, and the creation of organ function support, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of sepsis have advanced significantly. Pathogen-induced abnormal immunological responses, which can range from excessive inflammation to immunosuppression, are recognized to play a significant role in the high death rate. Unfortunately, no medications that are specifically intended to treat sepsis have been licensed. In order to offer a theoretical foundation for the management of sepsis, we will now discuss current advancements in research on immunological responses in sepsis. The prognosis of sepsis patients may be improved by developing and optimizing a dynamic immune system treatment plan based on anti-infection therapy, fluid replacement, support for organ function, and timely application of immunomodulatory therapies
Circular Economy and Buildings as Material Banks in Mitigation of Environmental Impacts from Construction and Demolition Waste
Authors: Oliveira Jordana de , Schreiber Dusan , Jahno Vanusca Dalosto
Published: May 2024

The circular economy is one of the main strategies for mitigating the environmental impacts of civil construction, due to the generation of construction and demolition waste (CDW). In this transition, evaluating alternatives for using buildings as material banks is a way to make the process of reusing construction components more efficient. Thus, the article aimed to evaluate the state of the art of publications on the relationship between the circular economy in civil construction and the conceptual model of buildings as material banks, to mitigate the environmental impacts of CDW. The authors chose the methodological design of Systematic Literature Review, using the Scopus and Web of Science databases for research, with the following search strings: ("construction" or "civil construction" or "built environment" or "construction industry" ) and ("circular economy" or "circular construction") and ("material banks" or "BAMB" or "buildings as material banks" or "building stocks" or "building materials") and ("construction waste" or "demolition waste" or "CDW" or "construction and demolition waste" or "environmental impacts"). After a screening in which only articles published in journals were selected, from 2013 to 2023, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, to evaluate only those that had a direct relationship with CDW management through circular economy strategies and buildings such as banks of material. As a result, 93 articles remained, which were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approach. The quantitative results showed an increase in publications since 2020, which are concentrated in European countries and China. The predominance of applied studies was also noted, through case studies that evaluate the management of materials and waste in the urban environment. The qualitative analysis, carried out using a SWOT Matrix, highlighted the strengths of the buildings, such as material banks, the potential reduction of resource extraction and urban mining, promoting the circulation of construction products. However, the recycling of waste, such as aggregates, still stands out as the main end-of-life strategy adopted, even without occupying the top of the waste hierarchy.
Encapsulation of Human IgG Antibody in PLGA Microparticles Fabricated by Coaxial Electrospray
Authors: Robles Karla Nataly , Libanati John Paul , Mu Richard , Giorgio Todd
Published: May 2024

Advances in the treatment of cancer with immunotherapy necessitate a locally administered sustained-delivery system to improve treatment efficacy and reduce toxicity. Towards this end, the encapsulation and release characteristics of human antibody immunoglobulin-G (IgG-FITC) were investigated with the coaxial electrospray technique. The antibody solution was exchanged for a solution at the antibody’s isoelectric pH. The shell solution consisted of PLGA in ethyl acetate. The impact of shell flow rates was investigated in the fabrication of IgG-FITC-loaded PLGA microparticles and the release-profile of IgG-FITC from the PLGA microparticles was characterized. Encapsulation efficiency ranged from 0.04-1.52%. Fluorescence images suggest core localization in the formulation with a lower shell flow rate and shell localization in the formulation with the higher shell flow rate. SEM image analysis revealed that lower shell flow rate resulted in the smaller average particle size with minimal difference in zeta potential between formulations. The lower shell flow rate exhibited a release profile with a t1/2 of 36 hours whereas the higher shell flow rate had a t1/2 < 3 hours. Antibody-fluorescence signals were measured for 28 days and indicated a biphasic release profile with a burst-release followed by a sustained-release in both formulations.
Hubungan Resiliensi Akademik dan Optimisme dengan Stres Akademik Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas Tahun Pertama di Boarding School
Authors: Takril Asysyifa , Herdi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan resiliensi akademik dan optimisme dengan stres akademik pada peserta didik sekolah menengah atas tahun pertama di Boarding School. Metode yang digunakan yaitu korelasi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek pada penelitian ini yaitu 274 peserta didik kelas X di Husnul Khotimah Boarding School. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan incidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu Educational Stress Scale for Adolescent (ESSA), Life Orientation Test – Revised (LOT-R), dan The Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-24). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara resiliensi akademik dan optimisme dengan stres akademik pada peserta didik sekolah menengah atas tahun pertama di Boarding School dengan koefisien korelasi didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar -0.162 dan nilai signifikansi 0.027 (p< 0.05). Pada instrumen ESSA aspek tertinggi berada pada aspek pressure from study yang ditandai dengan banyaknya tuntutan, persaingan antar teman, dan khawatir terhadap studi lanjutan. Sedangkan untuk aspek terendah yaitu despondency ditandai dengan peserta didik cenderung cukup memiliki rasa percaya diri untuk mencapai target akademik. Selanjutnya pada instrumen ARS-24 aspek tertinggi berada pada perseverance yang ditandai dengan peserta didik cukup mampu menghadapi kesulitannya, berusaha keras mengerjakan tugas sekolah, dan mampu meningkatkan nilai akademiknya. Sedangkan untuk aspek terendah yaitu negative affect and emotional response, ditandai dengan peserta didik kurang mampu merespon emosi-emosi yang muncul. Pada instrumen LOT-R aspek tertinggi yaitu optimis ditandai dengan peserta didik cenderung menghadapkan hal-hal baik yang terjadi. Sedangkan aspek terendah yaitu pesimis ditandai dengan peserta didik cenderung pasrah jika hal buruk terjadi.
Pengembangan Media Instagram Mengenai Jalur Seleksi Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Bagi Peserta Didik Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Fauziah Bela Riesti , Badrujaman Aip
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan konten media Instagram mengenai jalur seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model design based research (DBR) dengan tiga tahapan inti yaitu, analisis dan eksplorasi, desain dan kontruksi, serta evaluasi dan refleksi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas 10 SMAN 81 Jakarta dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 140 peserta didik yang didapat menggunakan metode non-probalility sampling. Pengumpulan data didapat dengan menggunakan penyebaran angket kepada peserta didik kelas 10 SMAN 81 Jakarta. Pengujian media Instagram dilakukan melalui dua uji ahli, yaitu uji ahli media dan uji ahli materi. Selain itu, pengujian media juga dilakukan melalui uji pengguna yaitu guru BK SMAN 81 Jakarta sebagai pengguna media bimbingan dan konseling. Hasil uji validasi ahli materi dengan persentase sebesar 64% dengan kategori layak, uji validasi ahli media dengan persentase sebesar 79%  dengan kategori layak. Hasil uji coba pengguna kepada salah satu guru BK mendapatkan persentase sebesar 82% dengan kategori sangat layak. Dapat disimpulkan media Instagram mengenai jalur seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi dikategorikan layak digunakan.
Zakat for Disabilities
Authors: Chandra Muhammad Fiqih Rizqi , Muhammad Rizky Siddiq
Published: May 2024

This study aims to disclose the impact of Islamic law and Indonesian state law on organizing zakat distribution for persons with disabilities. Utilizing a descriptive comparative methodology, this study analyzes how both Islamic law and Indonesian state law influence efforts to provide zakat funds to people with disabilities in Indonesia. We examined scholarly literature, reports, articles on Fiqh Zakat, zakat distribution, the rights of people with disabilities, and regulations to obtain pertinent background knowledge. A comparative analysis assessed the impact of the similarities and differences between these laws on the right to receive zakat. The findings evaluate the contribution of zakat distribution to addressing the needs of people with disabilities from the perspectives of both Islamic law and state law. This study emphasizes the importance of protecting individuals with disabilities in various countries, including those with secular legal frameworks, as a crucial aspect of social policies. It advocates equal access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities, fostering inclusivity and eliminating discrimination.
Novel Approach to Cementing Production Liners in Deep HPHT Gas Wells with Narrow Subsurface Pressure Windows
Authors: Siddiqi F. , Fuentes R. , Elhancha A. , Masoud Zuleta R.
Published: May 2024

Cementing the production liners in the deep gas field in the Kingdom Saudi Arabia (KSA) has been incredibly challenging due to narrow pore-frac pressure windows resulting in higher well control risks. Hydraulic isolation becomes even more critical as the reservoir pressure is on the high spectrum. To mitigate these risks, reliable hydraulics simulations and flexible cementing fluids designs are needed to accurately manage the circulating pressures during cement placement.

When pore pressure is revised upward during drilling, mud weight cannot be further increased due to fracture pressure limitation and circulating pressures must be managed to maintain well control. Accordingly, the cement and spacer densities must be adjusted to fit the new drilling window. Wet addition of a special weighting agent featuring controlled fine particle size enables last minute slurry design adjustment without the need to switch blends. An Engineered Lost Circulation (ELC) spacer was designed to mitigate losses. A collaborative workflow between the surface auto-choke system and a field proven hydraulics simulator allowed pressure management during cement placement.

This innovative design and execution approach contributed to increasing the success rate of cementing some of the most critical production intervals in KSA. The added design flexibility helped save rig time by avoiding the need to proceed with a complete rework and prevented unnecessary blend disposals by allowing slurry adjustments thru wet addition of a special weighting agent instead of building a new blend. The ELC spacer solution was highly effective, giving confidence to proceed with the cement job without having to consume drilling fluids and rig time trying to cure losses upfront. More importantly, the successful pressure management methodology promoted well integrity assurance. The proven success track record encouraged other drilling departments in KSA to adopt the same approach when encountering similar challenges in their wells.

To the authors’ knowledge, the combination of these techniques has yet to be explored, particularly in the context of deep high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) gas reservoirs. Notably, the existing body of literature lacks illustrations of such unique multi-disciplinary approaches.
Identify, Remediate and Verify Cross Sectional Cement Barriers for Permanent Well P&A
Authors: Zapata Bermudez F. , Troup D. , Roicki K.
Published: May 2024

The expectation for well barriers lasting for eternity and the need to reduce the cost on post-abandonment monitoring are a function of the abandonment method employed. As it currently stands, there exists a comprehensive set of guidelines and procedures that are intended to provide for permanent plug and abandon of wells, however we are proposing a 3-step workflow (IRV) to Identify areas of localized leaks with fluid/gas movements in A/B annulus by using a passive acoustic tool. Then to Remediate the well leaking section by setting a cross-sectional cement plug to create a rock-to-rock barrier, and finally to Verify the barrier by listening to potential liquid/gas leaks above the cement plug.

A permanent well abandonment dictates that there should be zero leakage to surface, but the current barrier philosophy is not sufficient to confirm it, as the procedure is to verify the placement of cement by a bond log, but not to evaluate for possible fluid/gas flow paths. On barriers, there is a dispensation that the length may be reduced from 50m to 30m if that is verified by a bond log. The value proposition for our workflow is to focus on the condition of the barrier, and to make emphasis on its ability to resist leakage.

Traditional barrier evaluation is based on a subjective interpretation of the response from an active acoustic logging tool. The "quality" of the cement is inferred from evaluating the response of sonic or ultrasonic measurements. The flaw in this approach is that there may be cases where an annular barrier conforms to location, length, and quality of cement but still exhibits annular pressure build-up. The uniqueness of this IRV workflow is to Identify the leakage in A or B annulus by listening to the noise events created by the leakage, then Remediate the well with a cross sectional cement barrier to finally, Verify the barrier with high-definition noise detection tools. The concept was tested by measuring cement sealing quality at DrillWell and P&A Innovation Programs, showing that the newest design of passive acoustic tools can detect flow of both liquid and gas down to extremely low levels. The well leakage was repaired by using the perf, wash and cement technique and injecting cement during a project test at NORCE in 2020-2021 called the PERFORM Project. Since then, several services have been successfully achieved.

In conclusion, the system is ready for deployment of the workflow for Identifying Sustainable annulus pressure (SAP) using the passive acoustic tool and mapping both gas and liquid annular flows, from within production tubing, then to repair the SAP by using the Perf, Wash, Cement technique to finally verifying the cement barrier integrity with the acoustic listening tool.
Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valve Control Line Isolation Tool to Serve as a Downhole Barrier
Authors: Suleymanov Oktay , Aghazada Kamal
Published: May 2024

The Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valves (TRSSSV) are commonly deployed in drilling operations as a means to shut-in a wellbore in the event the integrity of a surface wellhead is compromised during operation. However, current Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valves commonly experience a number of failures and malfunctions due to surface leaks at the Control Line Exit block. For instance, some Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valves may fail to function as designed when Control Line Exit block losses integrity and hydraulic pressure within the control line is lost, which may lead to uncontrolled closure of Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valves flapper during well production or so called "Slam Closure", causing significant wear or damage of the safety valve components, which over time may result in significant Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valves wear or failure that leads to performing costly well workover to change out the valve as well as loos in production for the duration the well is shut in.

Therefore, a need existed for additional tools or methods capable of isolating the reservoir pressure and fluids from below the Tubing Retrievable Sub Surface Safety Valve to act as a downhole barrier for control line conduit, in order to perform required surface repair to the control line exit block for the duration of this operations.
Challenges and Solutions: Exploring Limitations of the Traditional Three-Media Model in Coated Casing Barrier Assessment Using Pulse Echo Tools
Authors: Egbe Peter I. , Azim Muhammad K.
Published: May 2024

There is always a need to evaluate cement bond quality behind casing strings. This is to confirm effective placement of circumferentially distributed hydraulic seal behind casing as required by well integrity life cycle cementing zonal isolation requirements. Historically this has primarily been achieved by ultrasonic pulse echo (PE) and sonic pad device tools.

Cement bond evaluation tools however face significant limitations in assessing downhole cement bond quality when the casing is externally wrapped with an anti-corrosion coating layer. The challenge to evaluate presence of cementing zonal isolation barriers in such scenarios is further highlighted when exotic light / ultra-light cement slurries are used. Currently, no ultrasonic logging service provider is known to offer a model accounting for four media logging (i.e. mud in hole – steel casing – anti corrosion coat – cement sheath behind casing).

It is believed that the impact of coated casing in the accurate evaluation of cement behind such casing strings is still not well understood within the industry. Its presence predominantly results in the underestimation of the measured acoustic impedance of cement behind the pipe, indicating potentially invalid free pipe assessments or suggesting poor cement quality presence in otherwise excellently bonded pipes. These findings could suggest misleading conclusions and subsequent erroneous and costly decisions, including invalid cement squeezes, side-tracks, or potentially even unnecessary well abandonment.

This paper introduces an approach tailored for accurate acquisition and interpretation of cement bond data behind FLINT coated and Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE) coated casings; thus, facilitating informed decisions in well construction and completion projects.
Cost and Operational Optimization of Utilizing FMH Wellhead System
Authors: Alghamdi M. , Alalyani A.
Published: May 2024

The conventional wellhead (WH) system with slip-on weld and slip-type hangers has been in the industry for several decades as it is simple and straightforward. However, the system entails and imposes certain risks and excessive time that cause unnecessary additional costs. This paper will discuss the differences between the conventional wellhead system and the Fluted Mandrel Hanger (FMH) system and the optimization opportunities that FMH system promotes.

The FMH system uses a mandrel that sets once it lands on the load shoulder on the internal profile of the wellhead and has flutes that facilitates returns to the surface. To prevent damaging the internal profile, before drilling, a wear bushing must be installed due to the delicacy of the system. After drilling the hole section to casing point, a rat hole of 5 - 10 ft is maintained to ensure safe and smooth landing of the FMH. After landing, the cementing operation can be commenced and then the Pack-off can be set and tested. The FMH system has proven its efficiency and cost-effectiveness in comparison to the conventional system. To elaborate, in a dual stage cementing job, the WOC time on the first stage to lift the Well Control Equipment (WCE) is eliminated which saves rig time, leading to considerable cost savings especially in offshore rigs. Moreover, the system provides and promotes safer operations by eliminating cutting or dressing since the casing stub of the FMH is a standardized design that fits through the next casing or tubing spool. In addition, it eliminates an extra step of lifting the diverter or Blowout Preventer (BOP) to set the slip-type hanger on the casing.
Innovative Technologies for Rigless Well Integrity Surveillance and Control: Integrating Smart Barrier Systems and Industry 4.0 in Annulus Pressure Control
Authors: R Dsouza. , P Patela. , K Wichrowski.
Published: May 2024

Globally, hundreds of wells each year face challenges related to unplanned sustained annulus pressure (SAP). Operators need to invest significant costs, time and face HSE risks to either fix the SAP issue or put in place risk reduction measures to operate these wells under dispensation, in order to avoid workovers, production deferment or inactive strings.

This paper presents an innovative solution aimed at optimizing well integrity and production efficiency for operators facing problematic sustained annulus pressure (SAP). By combining efforts to minimize inactive well strings and enhance real-time surveillance, the solution focuses on increasing well availability while reducing intervention costs. The technology restores double barrier integrity at the surface, provides reliable and real-time annulus pressure and temperature data, and autonomously manages the SAP pressure within predetermined thresholds.

This approach enables a comprehensive understanding of SAP, facilitating the continued production of wells that would otherwise require workover, thus contributing to production quotas and improving HSE standards.
The impact of fireworks ban relaxation on variations in SO2 emissions in China during the 2023 Chinese New Year
Authors: He Xinyu , Hu Yiwen , Li Yi , Zang Zengliang , You Wei , Liu Lang , Liu Ning
Published: May 2024

During the 2023 Chinese New Year (CNY), many city governments relaxed restrictions on residents setting off fireworks. Fireworks contain large amounts of sulfur powder, which releases the toxic air pollutant sulfur dioxide (SO2) when combusted rapidly. In this study, we employed a four-dimensional variational (4DVar) assimilation system to examine variations in SO2 emissions in China by assimilating hourly ground-based observation data. Two sets of experiments were conducted during the CNY in 2022 and 2023 to quantify the variations in SO2 emissions. On CNY's Eve in 2022, nationwide SO2 emissions increased by 4.701 Gg compared to the preceding day. During the CNY in 2023, following the relaxation of the fireworks ban, there was a significant upsurge of 8.22 Gg in SO2 emissions on CNY's Eve compared to the previous day. This increase included a rise of 2.037 Gg in the Energy Golden Triangle region, 1.709 Gg in the North China Plain and 0.945 Gg in northeastern China. After reaching the peak on CNY's Eve, the overall national SO2 emissions during the 2023 CNY showed a rapid decline in the following two days. However, the emission levels remained elevated compared to the pre-CNY period, indicating the lingering effects of fireworks burning. Compared to the forecasts using the prior emissions, the optimized emissions markedly improved the model forecasts of SO2 during the 2023 CNY period, evidenced by an increase in the correlation coefficient (R) from 0.12 to 0.63 and a reduction in the root-mean-square error (RMSE) by 49.9%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the optimized emissions. These findings will be useful for local governments in formulating strategies for fireworks burning during the CNY period.
A Distributed Security Approach Based on Artificial Immune Systems for Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things
Authors: Rosset Valério , de Almeida Maíra Baptista , de Carvalho André Carlos Ponce de Leon Ferreira
Published: May 2024

Although the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the fastest-growing technology paradigms, efforts in securing this environment do not advance as fast. A classical type of network security mechanism is the Intrusion Detection System (IDS). However, mainly due to their resource limitations, their incorporation to IoT environments built on top of low-end devices is not easy. To make this incorporation easier, this paper proposes a Distributed Immune Security Architecture (DISA) based on Artificial Immune Systems. DISA incorporates modules across network tiers (e.g. Cloud, Fog, and Edge) for monitoring, aggregation, training, storage of traffic models, and resource control. Using a dataset tailored for the training of Intrusion Detectors, we implemented and validated a distributed Intrusion Detector model combining Federated and Active Learning methods, named Fed-Active. Experimental results show that Fed-Active model reduces training times and achieves predictive performance comparable to those of traditional centralized approaches
Construction of an urban cold island network under the perspective of local climate zones
Authors: Yang Jun , Cai Xiaoyu , Zhang Yuqing , Xiao Xiangming , Xia Jianhong (Cecilia) , Tian Linxue
Published: May 2024

Urban blue–green spaces(BGS) exhibit a remarkable cold island (CI) effect, and research on heat mitigation measures based on CIs has attracted considerable attention. However, few studies have been conducted on mitigating urban overheating by connecting isolated CI patches to form CI networks. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the framework and specific processes for building an urban CI network in Hangzhou, China. The CI network construction framework consisted of “source identification-resistance surface construction-corridor construction”. Based on morphological spatial pattern analysis, local climate zone (LCZ) theory, connectivity index, and circuit theory, the CI sources and cooling corridors were identified and classified, and the pinch and barrier points in the network were determined. The results indicated that the CI network in Hangzhou comprised 69 CI sources, 134 cooling corridors, 36 pinch points, and 89 barrier points. Based on these results, we recommended that the LCZs in the CI network that are dominated by water (LCZG) and dense trees (LCZA) be protected and areas that are dominated by bare rock or pavement be improved. This study and methodology can provide new inspiration for future planning of urban BGS and sustainable urban cooling.
RNA Modification Detection using Nanopore Direct RNA Sequencing via improved Transformer
Authors: Xiong Yuanyan , Zhu Miaosong
Published: May 2024

RNA modifications are a common occurrence in transcriptome and play a crucial role in various biological processes. Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) provides raw current signal readings, which carry information of modifications. Supervised machine learning methods using DRS are advantageous for RNA modification detection. However, existing methods for RNA modification detection do not adequately capture sequential signal features within and between reads.Here, we represent NSWord, an improved transformer model with three types of self-attention blocks that integrates the transcript sequence and its signal reads to produce a comprehensive site-level prediction. NSWord outperforms existing deep learning methods, particularly in terms of precision of top-scoring predictions. Additionally, we investigate the impact of limiting the length or number of signal reads and explore the role of transcript sequence in modification prediction.
Psychological characteristics of environmental stakeholders and interactions in their social network
Authors: Przesdzink Felix , Sperling Nicol , Oswald Tom , Fiebelkorn Florian
Published: May 2024

This research explores the roles of Organizational Culture, Environmental Worldview, and Environmental Risk Perception in shaping the interactions between environmental stakeholders in Northwest Germany, with a particular focus on sustainable land use. By integrating a psychological Stakeholder Analysis and Social Network Analysis, the study examines the expression of these psychological constructs among key stakeholder groups—conservation associations, land use associations, research groups, and public authorities—and their correlation with the presence of collaboration and conflict. Our analysis reveals that Organizational Culture significantly affects stakeholder interactions, with Clan and Hierarchy cultures predominating and influencing the nature of stakeholder relationships. Moreover, the study highlights a generally pro-environmental orientation across stakeholders as captured by the New Environmental Paradigm (NEP), indicating a shared foundation for potential collaborative efforts. Analysis of Environmental Risk Perception, through the Cultural Theory's myths of physical nature, uncovers a widespread preference for the hierarchical myth, suggesting a common perception of environmental risks and resilience. This study emphasizes the importance of understanding psychological and social dimensions in environmental stakeholder management to enhance collaborative efforts towards sustainable development. It highlights the need for management approaches that acknowledge the complex interplay of diverse psychological constructs in driving effective and sustainable collaborations between stakeholders of regional land use and nature conservation. Through its insights into stakeholder interactions, this research contributes to the broader discourse on achieving sustainable development goals through informed, cooperative stakeholder engagement.
The impact of implementing a nursing care program based on Johnson's model on the behavioral systems of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: a Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Rostami Sakineh , Molavynejad Shahram , Elahi Nasrin , Maraghi Elham
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is a very important intervention to relieve angina, improve quality of life, or increase life expectancy. This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing a nursing care program based on Johnson's model on the behavioral systems of patients undergoing CABG in Ahvaz teaching hospitals in 2022.
Materials and methods: The present study was a clinical trial on 128 patients undergoing CABG admitted to the cardiac ICU and cardiac surgery department of teaching hospitals in Ahvaz city. The patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and they were assigned into intervention and control groups using permutation blocks. In the intervention group, a nursing care program based on Johnson's model was implemented for three weeks. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire developed based on Johnson's theory.
Results: Before the intervention, the mean scores of the intervention group in terms of the seven subsystems of Johnson's model were as follows: achievement (-98.98 ± 75.77), affiliative (-87.34 ± 28.23), eliminative (-25.46 ± 33.27), ingestive (-135.67 ± 89.20), dependency (-122.26 ± 45.85), aggressive-protective (-62.18 ± 46.58), and restorative (-163.59 ± 62.03). After the intervention, the mean scores in the intervention group were as follows: achievement (-2.50 ± 71.55), affiliative (-66.33 ± 59.68), eliminative (19.29 ± 35.61), ingestive (152.75 ± 113.58, dependency (104.60 ± 53.42), aggressive-protective (52.18 ± 53.54), and restorative (198.43 ± 72.28), which shows the positive impact of the intervention (P > 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the sexual subsystem.
Conclusion: The implementation of a nursing care plan based on Johnson's model positively affected the behavioral systems of patients undergoing CABG. Therefore, this model is recommended to be used as a framework for nursing care.
Date of registration -05-12-2022
Trial registration number- IRCT20220831055838N1
Anthropogenic meadows provide foraging subsidies for white-tailed deer in fragmented forest ecosystems
Authors: Wuensch Matthew A , Eagar Andrew C , Ward David
Published: May 2024

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) populations persist at densities higher than historical estimates throughout much of their North American range. In forest ecosystems, heavy browsing by high-density deer populations can suppress the growth and regeneration of woody plants and promote the establishment and growth of non-preferred forage items, such as grasses and ferns. Additionally, as forests are altered by anthropogenic development, grasslands and meadows are becoming increasingly common in forest landscapes where deer occur. We used activity densities to measure the seasonal patch preference of white-tailed deer between forest patches and anthropogenically-introduced meadows in northeast Ohio, a region with high-density deer populations. We also quantified the plant communities that were present in each patch type to identify forage plants that were available to deer. We found that deer preferred meadow patches and avoided forests during spring and summer. Meadow patches primarily consisted of non-native forage plants that are nutritionally beneficial to deer, whereas forests possessed fewer nutritionally beneficial plants and contained an abundance of open ground. However, as plants senesced and forage availability on the landscape decreased during autumn and winter, deer did not prefer any patch type. Our results suggest that in anthropogenically fragmented forests, meadows can provide deer with a potentially overlooked foraging subsidy that should be considered when managing high-density deer populations.
Adaptive learning algorithms for CNN models incorporating meteorological data for precise environmental predictions
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad Ali , Olusegun Christiana , Olusola Adeyemi Oludapo , Abdi Erfan
Published: May 2024

Weather forecasting through neural networks has increased and shown the potential for greater accuracy over recent years. Among numerous techniques, machine learning models provide more precise weather and climate prediction outcomes. The objective of this research was to analyze the highest and lowest monthly temperatures, as well as the highest wind speeds, in selected Nigerian cities, including Abuja, Lagos, Sokoto, Maiduguri, Calabar, and Port Harcourt through the use of cutting-edge machine learning technology such as deep learning (DL), and Convolution Neural Network (CNN). Our research approach involved compiling data on maximum and minimum temperatures and wind speeds from specific cities in Nigeria every month from 2000 to 2023. By successfully utilizing AMI, we pinpointed the optimal variables necessary for precisely evaluating the six cities as we built our model. The CNN algorithm stood out as a top-tier model in the test results due to its precise estimation of city temperature and wind speed values, highlighting exceptional generalization ability and minimal variance compared to the DL model.
A punctuated burst of massive genomic rearrangements by chromosome shattering and the origin of non-marine annelids
Authors: Fernandez Rosa , Vargas-Chavez Carlos , Benitez-Alvarez Lisandra , Martinez-Redondo Gemma , Alvarez-Gonzalez Lucia , Salces-Ortiz Judit , Eleftheriadi Klara , Escudero Nuria , Guiglielmoni Nadege , Flot Jean-François , Novo Marta , Ruiz-Herrera Aurora , MacLysaght Aoife
Published: May 2024

The genomic basis of cladogenesis and adaptive evolutionary change has intrigued biologists for decades. The unique insights from a genome-level perspective have revealed a striking pattern of conserved macrosynteny across huge evolutionary distances in animals, yet progress in many lineages has been hampered by the absence of genome-level data. Here, we show that the origin of Clitellata, a clade composed of most freshwater and all terrestrial species of the phylum Annelida, coincided with an unprecedented genome-wide scrambling event that resulted in massive loss of macrosynteny between marine annelids and clitellates. This complete breakdown of chromosome-level relationships on just one short branch is unlike any other known pattern of evolutionary genome rearrangement, and instead resembles chromosome shattering and reassembly seen in chromoanagenesis. These massive punctuated rearrangements included the formation of neocentromeres with newly-acquired transposable elements, and preceded a further period of genome-wide reshaping events including whole genome duplications and massive macrosyntenic reshuffling between clitellate lineages, potentially triggered by the loss of genes involved in genome stability or homeostasis of cell division. Notably, while these rearrangements broke short-range interactions observed between genes in marine annelids (including Hox), they were reformed as long-range interactions in clitellates. Our study provides evidence of punctuated genomic change via chromoanagenesis leading not only to the origin of a new animal lineage - a ‘hopeful monster’ - but also to adaptive genomic changes facilitating the colonisation of new habitats.
Comparison of semi-solid, liquid, and temporary immersion bioreactor systems for efficient plant regeneration of Gerbera jamesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’
Authors: Lim Myeong-Jin , Han Jong-Eun , Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy , Song Hyun-Young , Lee Su-Young , Ho Thanh-Tam , Park So-Young
Published: May 2024

Temporary immersion system (TIS) cultures are reported to be superior when compared to semi-solid (SS) and liquid cultures for in vitro plant regeneration of many plant species. In the present study, we used the TIS system for plant regeneration of Gerbera jemesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’ and compared the results with that of SS and liquid cultures. The shoots regenerated with SS and liquid cultures demonstrated 3.33 and 4.22% hyperhydricity, whereas the shoots regenerated with TIS were healthy even though the number of shoots regenerated was less in number. The plantlets regenerated with TIS demonstrated higher values with the number of roots, root length, biomass of plantlets, leaf length/width, and area compared to SS and liquid cultures. The photosynthetic pigments were highest in Gerbera jemesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’ plants were regenerated with TIS. The number of stomata on the abaxial surface of leaves was 11.40 and the frequency of closed stomata was 59% with plants regenerated with TIS. Furthermore, Gerbera jemesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’ showed the highest survival of plants that were regenerated in TIS compared to SS and liquid cultures. TIS was found as the most suitable culture system for the micropropagation of Gerbera jemesonii cv. ‘Shy Pink’ compared to SS and liquid cultures.
Health worker perspectives on barriers and facilitators of tuberculosis investigation coverage among index case contacts in rural southwestern Uganda: a qualitative study
Authors: Tukamuhebwa Paddy Mutungi , Munyewende Pascalia , Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona , Nabirye Juliet , Ndlovu Ntombizodwa
Published: May 2024

Background
In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended screening and investigation of contacts of index tuberculosis patients as a strategy to accelerate detection of tuberculosis (TB) cases. Nine years after the adoption of this recommendation, coverage of TB contact investigations in Uganda remains low. The objective of this study was to examine health care providers' perceptions of factors influencing coverage of TB contact investigations in three selected rural health facilities in Mbarara district, southwestern Uganda.
Methods
Using an exploratory qualitative study design, semi-structured interviews with 19 health workers involved in the TB program at district, health facility and community levels were conducted from April 2020 and July 2020. Analysis was inductively using reflexive thematic analysis in six iterative steps: familiarizing with the data, creating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing themes, developing theme definitions, and writing the report.
Results
Nineteen health care workers participated in this study which translates to a 100% response rate. These included two district TB and leprosy supervisors, five nurses, five clinical officers, six village health team members and one laboratory technician. The three themes the emerged from the analysis were intervention-related, health system and contextual factors. Health system-related barriers included inadequate or delayed government funding for the TB program, shortage of human resources, insufficient personal protective equipment, and a stock-out of supplies such as Xpert MTB cartridges. Contextual barriers included steep terrain, poverty or low income, and the stigma associated with TB and COVID-19. Facilitators comprised increased knowledge and understanding of the intervention, performance review and on-the-job training of health workers.
Conclusions
This study identified provider opinions on the barriers and facilitators to implementation of TB contact investigation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. This study found that the bulk of the hinderances limiting TB contact investigations in rural communities are related to health system constraints such as inadequate or delayed funding and human resource shortages. The Ministry of Health in Uganda must strengthen the foundational elements of the health system—health financing and human resources to establish a comprehensive TB control program that will enable the efficient identification of missing TB patients.
Impact of the shape of the ampulla of Vater and biliary tree pathology on access technique and post-ERCP complications
Authors: Andrzej Jamry
Published: May 2024

Background and aim: Difficulties and complications during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can depend on the anatomy of the papillae, the pathology of the biliary tree, and proper selection of the endoscopic technique. However, knowledge about these relationships is limited.
Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 1002 patients who underwent ERCP. The analyses included the impact of the existing anatomy (shape of the papillae [modified Haraldsson classification], periampullary diverticulum [PAD], common bile duct [CBD] diameter ≤9 mm, outflow obstruction level and choledocholithiasis]) on cannulation difficulty, access technique (classic sphincterotomy [CS], classic precut [CPC], needle precut [NPC], two-step access, unintended Wirsung duct cannulation) and complications (bleeding, hyperamylasemia, pancreatic pain and postendoscopic pancreatitis [PEP]). Results: According to the modified Haraldsson classification,47.4% of the papillae were type 1, 31.3% were type 2; 11.1% were type 3, and 10.2% were type 4. Cannulation was considered difficult in 56.9% (58/102; p=0.0014) of type 4 papillae and 46.4% (162/349; p= 0.001) and 49.5% (46/93; p=0.039) of patients with distal and medial CBD obstruction, respectively. CPC was used for 42.2% (43/102; p=0.017) of patients with type 4 papillae. NPC was used 38.7% (43/111; p<0.0001) of patients with type 3 papillae, and 26.0% (34/131; p=0.008) of patients with a CBD diameter ≤9 mm. Two-step access was used for 28.4% (29/102; p<0.0001) of type 4 papilla patients, 17.8% (53/315; (p= 0.002)) of type 2 papilla patients and 18.9% (66/349; p=0.002)of patients with distal CBD obstruction. Bleeding occurred for 21.9% (104/475; p=0.003) of type 1papilla patients. A total of 19.0% (85/448,p<0.0001) of patients with CBD diameters ≤9 mm had hyperamylasemia; 6.2% (28/449,p=0.025); had pancreatic pain and 4% (18/449; p=0.021)had PEP .
Conclusion: The existing anatomy of the papillae and biliary tree affected the difficulty of cannulation, the selection of access technique, and the occurrence of side effects.
Hourglass pattern matching for deep aware neural network text recommendation model
Authors: Gao Li , Li Hongjun , Chen Qingkui , Peng Dunlu
Published: May 2024

In recent years, with the rapid development of deep learning, big data mining, and natural language processing (NLP) technologies, the application of NLP in the field of recommendation systems has attracted significant attention. However, current text recommendation systems still face challenges in handling word distribution assumptions, preprocessing design, network inference models, and text perception technologies. Traditional RNN neural network layers often encounter issues such as gradient explosion or vanishing gradients, which hinder their ability to effectively handle long-term dependencies and reverse text inference among long texts. Therefore, this paper proposes a new type of depth-aware neural network recommendation model (Hourglass Deep-aware neural network Recommendation Model, HDARM), whose structure presents an hourglass shape. This model consists of three parts: The top of the hourglass uses Word Embedding for input through Finetune-Bert to process text embeddings as word distribution assumptions, followed by utilizing bidirectional LSTM to integrate Transformer models for learning critical information. The middle of the hourglass retains key features of network outputs through CNN layers, combined with pooling layers to extract and enhance critical information from user text. The bottom of the hourglass avoids a decline in generalization performance through deep neural network layers. Finally, the model performs pattern matching between text vectors and word embeddings, recommending texts based on their relevance. In experiments, this model improved metrics like MSE and NDCG@10 by 8.74% and 10.89% respectively compared to the optimal baseline model.