bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Modernization of Mosaic Art in Turkey
Authors: VURNAL İKİZGÜL Hülya
Published: October 2018

IIn Turkey, improvement of the mosaic art started in the Republic period with the help of far-sighted Atatürk who has attached great importance to history and art. The first excavation and restoration works started with foreign archaeologists. During that period, local archaeologists were also trained in order to keep these excavations up and running. Again in this period, Architect-Painter Association was founded after the“Fine Arts law”. The philosophy of the Bauhaus school, which aims to integrate the fine arts with architecture, has influenced our 1960 artists by the mosaics brought to light by our archaeologists. With the introduction of this law, between 1955 and 1970, Turkish artists applied the first original modern mosaic works to architecture. The “applied fine arts” (Today’s Marmara University Faculty of Fine Arts) was established under the influence of Bauhaus Art School. This school has trained artists who produced very successful works in architecture. In the 1960s Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu transferred the Plastic Art to architecture through the mosaic, as a pioneer. In 1990s H. Vurnal İkizgül pulled out mosaic art from architecture and carried it to today’s art.Today, mosaic art is re-experiencing and renewing itself with several new techniques and materials. Therefore we must aim to acquire the innovative mosaic education institutions that will pioneer in the world. The emergent artistic production and accumulation by the new generation will raise us on the international platform and underpin of our Contemporary Mosaic Museum.
HOW WE MAKE OUR HOUSING DECISIONS? A RESEARCH IN KASTAMONU
Authors: DİLEK Serkan , KÜÇÜK Orhan , GÜMÜŞ Niyazi , AMİNİ Rabia
Published: October 2018

Generally housing is accepted as a basic human need in economy. This increases the importance of housing in economic decisions. There exist many factors influencing housing decisions of consumers. Meanwhile construction industry has occupied an important place in Turkish economy which performs higher economic growth in recent years. The aim of this research is to investigate housing decisions of Turkish consumers. To this aim, construction industry and housing decisions of consumers are analyzed in this research. Then we conducted a survey in Kastamonu city and analyzed results of this survey. As a result of this research it is revealed that factors about financial, location, exterior and interior design, environment has influenced housing decisions of consumers.
BİST-100 Endeksinin Makroekonomik Değişkenler ile İlişkisi: Ampirik Bir Çalışma
Authors: KOYUNCU Tuğba
Published: October 2018

Tüm
dünyada özellikle son zamanlarda borsa endeksleri çeşitli ekonomik, siyasi,
politik ve psikolojik nedenler dolayısıyla etkilenebilmektedir. Bu durum son
dönemlerde araştırmacıların oldukça dikkatini çekmiş ve incelenmiştir. Bu
nedenle çalışmanın amacı BİST-100 endeksi ile enflasyon oranları, faiz
oranları, sanayi üretim endeksi ve reel ekonomik büyüme gibi makro ekonomik
değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 1988-2016
yılları verileri kullanılarak DF-GLS birim kök testi, eş bütünleşme testleri ve
FMOLS ve DOLS regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda genel olarak
makro ekonomik değişkenler ile BİST-100 arasında ilişkinin olduğu tespit
edilmiştir. Enflasyon ve sanayi üretim endeksi üzerindeki bir artışın BİST-100
endeksini artıracağı, faiz oranları ve reel ekonomik büyümenin ise negatif
etkilediği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
VULNERABILIDAD DEL ECOSISTEMA COMO CONSTRUCCIÓN SOCIOCULTURAL. UNA APLICACIÓN PRÁCTICA
Authors: Del Ángel Pérez Ana Lid , Díaz Padilla Gabriel , Villagómez-Cortés José Alfredo , Mallen Rivera Carlos , Guajardo Panes Rafael Alberto
Published: October 2018

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar y validar una metodología que permita analizar el paisaje mediante la combinación de técnicas de evaluación puntuales en campo y de interpolación espacial, para identificar zonas con vulnerabilidad territorial específicas, categorizadas con índices de fragilidad. El método comprende cuatro etapas: juicio de expertos para definir variables que determinan la fragilidad en un paisaje; georreferenciación y levantamiento de información directa a través de la lectura del paisaje en puntos equidistantes; categorización del índice de fragilidad; y aplicación de técnicas de análisis espacial para la generación de un mapa continuo (raster o matricial) de la territorialidad del Índice de Fragilidad del Paisaje (IFP). Se calculó el índice de fragilidad en el transecto del área que va desde el Cofre de Perote hasta el litoral veracruzano del Golfo de México, se regionalizó como niveles de fragilidad paisajística con base en los percentiles de una distribución Weibull, y se cuantificó la fragilidad actual del paisaje para diversos usos del suelo. A partir del método cartográfico es factible realizar el monitoreo de un área geográfica a través del tiempo, y la detección de su posible vulnerabilidad. Esta herramienta puede ser útil para la gestión territorial y la del desarrollo rural.
CARDIOTOCOGRAPHY
Authors: Ikram Muhammad , Javed Amna , Mukhtar Shafqat
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The cardiotocography (CTG) is more commonly knows aselectronic fetal monitoring (EFM). A cardiotocography measures the fetal heart and the frequencyof uterine contractions. Using two separate disc shaped transducers. Objectives: The objectiveof this study is to co-relate the intrapartum cardiotocography monitoring with fetomaternaloutcome. Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study. Setting: Department of Obstetricsand Gynaecology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Period: From September 2012 toMarch 2013 (Six Months). Patient & Method: Total 60 patients (pregnant females) fulfilling theinclusion criteria were selected for this study, who were admitted in labour room in early andactive labour. In group A normal CTG monitoring and in Group B women with abnormal CTGmonitoring. Maternal outcomes in terms of mode of delivery and fetal outcome (APGAR Score,neonatal seizures, admission to nursery and time of neonatal discharge were seen). Result: Themean age in group A was 26.13+3.90 years and in group B was 26.53+4.17 years. The meangestational age in group A was 38.40+1.50 weeks and in group B was 36.60+1.59 weeks. Ingroup A, 25 (83.3%) woman were delivered through spontaneous vaginal birth and 4(13.4%)women, who were delivered by caesarean section (for all indication except fetal distress), 1(3.3%) woman by assisted vaginal birth (for all other indications). In group B there were 7(23.8%)women who delivered through spontaneous vaginal birth. 3(10%) women by assisted vaginalbirth (for abnormal CTG monitoring) and 20(66.7%) women by caesarean section (for abnormalCTG). In group A, there were 7(23.3%) neonates who were admitted in nursery, while in groupB, there were 19(63.3%) neonates, who were admitted in nursery. Conclusion: Intrapartumexternal fetal cardiotocography is not a single indicator of fetal distress. An increased caesareansection rate in babies with a pathological cardiotocography stresses on the need for additionaltests to differentiate hypoxic fetuses from non-hypoxic.
AUTOPSY
Authors: Hamza Amir , Wazir Abdul Haq , Hussain Shabir , Ullah Shafqat
Published: October 2018

Background: One of the most frustrating challenges faced by the medicolegal doctors/ forensic pathologists is the inability to determine the cause of death in casesof sudden / unexpected deaths of medicolegal nature even after detailed autopsy as well asHistopathological / Toxicological analysis. Objective: The study was aimed to find out thepercentage of negative autopsy against the total cases of medicolegal autopsies conductedduring the study period in Lakki Marwat KPK. Material and methods: The study was carried outin DHQ Lakki Marwat based upon five years autopsy data from 1st January 2013 to 31st December2017. All the medico legal autopsies were included in the study whereas; the cases of allegedcustodial deaths / police encounters were excluded. The cases where gross examination atinitial autopsy, histopathalogical examination & toxicological analysis failed to detect the causeof death were labeled as negative autopsies. Study design: Descriptive, Retrospective Study.Setting: The study was conducted at DHQ hospital Lakki Marwat. Period: 1st January 2013to 25th June 2017. Results: Out of the total 200 autopsies, there were 39 negative autopsiescomprising of 26 (60.46%) males and 17(39.53%) females. Conclusion: The cases of negativeautopsy are higher at lakki marwat as compared to international perspectives.the negativeautopsies are higher because of the inadequate training of doctors or limited resources likeavailability of histo-pathological labs, analytical services and radiological facilities. Postmortemunits and toxicology laboratories are not equipped according to the modern standards in thelight of recent advances in the field of medico legal death investigation.
SPINAL-EPIDURAL ANALGESIA
Authors: Khaskheli Muhammad Saleh , Tabassum Rafia , Awan Aijaz Hussan
Published: October 2018

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of bupivacaine 2.5 mg and fentanyl 25 ìgwith bupivacaine 1.25 mg and fentanyl 25ìg for spinal-epidural analgesia in the first stage oflabor. Study Design: Double-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting: Anesthesia Department,Surgical Intensive Care Unit, and Pain management clinic, Peoples Medical College HospitalNawabshah. Period: August 2014 to July 2015. Methodology: All the participants meeting theeligibility criteria were randomly allocated into two groups i.e. intervention (I) and control (II),with the allocation ratio of 1:1. Patients in the Group I (intervention) received intrathecal Inj.Bupivacaine 1.25 mg (0.5% Bupivacaine 0.25ml) and Inj. Fentanyl 25 ìg whereas the GroupII (control) was given intrathecal Inj. Bupivacaine 2.5 mg (0.5% Bupivacaine 0.5ml) and Inj.Fentanyl 25 ìg for combined spinal epidural analgesia, both made up of total volume of 2 ml ofnormal saline. Mean±SD (standard deviation) was computed for continuous data (age, weight,VAS). Frequency and percentages was calculated categorical data. Independent t test and Chisquare test were used for the differences between the groups. Results: The age of all the caseswas 27.64±4.07 years. Moreover, groups were homogenous at baseline (p<0.05) in terms ofmean age, weight, cervical dilatation, gravida, and ASA classification. Mean pain score on VASwas not significant between groups at 0 min and 15 min however mean pain score was foundsignificantly low (p<0.05) in group-I. Likewise, efficacy of Bupivacaine 1.25 mg and Fentanyl 25ìg (group-I) was significantly higher than the other group. Conclusion: Low-dose bupivacaine1.25 mg was significantly more effective than high-dose (2.5 mg) bupivacaine when added to25 ìg of fentanyl for combined spinal-epidural analgesia in the first stage of labor, having fewerchances of sensory and motor block, and hypotension.
SIGMOID VOLVULUS
Authors: Ghumro Ali Akbar , Ghumro Altaf Hussain , Jamali Abdul Hakeem
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Sigmoid volvulus is the surgical emergency and significant causeof large bowel obstruction in with high morbidity and mortality. Disease is more prevalent indeveloping countries than developed countries. It contributes 15% of total bowel obstruction.Resection and primary anastomosis is the procedure of choice. It obviates the need ofcolostomy and subsequent reversal. Objectives: To determine the frequency of postoperativecomplications of primary repair in patients with either viable or gangrenous sigmoid volvulus.Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Surgical Unit 1 of Peoples Medical CollegeHospital now Medical University. Period: 2007 to Dec. 2013. Methodology: Patients with largebowel obstruction suspected to have sigmoid volvulus on clinical and radiological grounds werestudied. Laparotomy and resection of sigmoid colon followed by restoration of the continuity ofthe colon by single layer primary anastomosis were performed without colostomy. Results: In atotal 50 patients, sigmoid volvulus male female ratio was 9:1. Mean age was 49 years majority ofthe patients were in 6th to 7th decade of age. In 96% cases abdominal pain was the 1st symptomfollowed by constipation and distention, vomiting was the rare symptom. Different postoperativecomplication results were surgical site infection was the commonest complication in 40 (80%)while in 1 (2%) leak was there with mortality of only 1(2%) case. Conclusion: Primary resectionand single stage anastomosis is the best choice for the management of sigmoid volvulusdisease in both possibilities of viable or non viable gut provided patients condition is stable. Itobviates the burden of colostomy
DENTAL IMPLANT
Authors: Sharif Mubashir , Hussain Sajjad , Aslam Ayesha , Hassan Syed Hammad , Riaz Muhammad Uzair
Published: October 2018

Objectives: To measure the average bone width and bone height in the posterioredentulous spans in the mandible as well as to evaluate bone quality and anterior extensionof the Inferior alveolar nerve to assess possibility for dental implant placement. Study Design:Cross-sectional study. Setting: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi – Pakistan.Period: July 2017 to Oct 2017. Method: Bone height, width and anterior extension of inferioralveolar nerve was assessed using CBCT images from the hospital database. Bone quality wascategorized as hard, moderately hard or soft based on clinician’s tactile sensations. Results:Average bone width of 6.12 ±1.51 mm and average bone height of 13.56 ± 2.43 mm wasfound among the study subjects. “Soft” bone quality was found most prevalent in the posteriormandible. Anterior extension of the Inferior alveolar nerve was visible in 14% of subjects only.Conclusion: Variations in the bone width, height and density endorse the importance of a sitespecificbone tissue evaluation prior to implant installation.
Foreword
Authors: Raine Derek
Published: October 2018

I can understand those of my colleagues who tell me that the best thing I could do for our excellent research department is to stop trying to change our teaching methods. I can sympathise with devoted academics who believe that by remaining constant to their way of teaching they will be in the forefront of the revolution after next. I am aware that even changes for the better are not painless. Unfortunately, by now we should all know that ‘if we want things to stay as they are, things will have to change’.
ChemEnterprise SLP
Authors: Grievson Brian , Lowe Nigel , Rose Alan
Published: October 2018

A structured learning package (SLP) aimed at advanced undergraduate chemistsfeaturing group problem solving and introducing the role of enterprise in a chemicalindustry business environment. The exercise is based on a real scenario and uses real data to provide opportunities to explore a number of alternative strategies and to communicate conclusions in oral and written report formats.
Utilising data-driven learning in chemistry teaching: A shortcut to improving chemical language comprehension
Authors: Rees Simon , Bruce Megan , Bradley Steven
Published: October 2018

This article describes the development of the FOCUS project and specific pedagogical strategies to improve understanding of the language of chemistry. The importance of language comprehension skills for success in learning chemistry has recently been highlighted by Pyburn et al. (2013). The FOCUS project has involved the construction of a database of student writings (from foundation to Ph.D. level) to create a corpus that can then be analysed for the occurrence of key words in context. Using the principles of concordance and data-driven learning (where student becomes language researcher) a number of teaching activities have been developed to enhance the understanding of subject-specific language for both home and international students studying on a foundation level Chemistry course.
Residential chemistry camps for school students: Why bother?
Authors: Harrison T G , Croker S J , Shallcross D E
Published: October 2018

Bristol ChemLabS has been providing several residential school experiences per year for the past eight years. The Chemistry Camps are two days of intensive activity and, wherever possible, involve a stay in a hall of residence. The majority of the time is spent in undergraduate teaching laboratories learning new skills on the first day, which are then used again on the second. The other academic sessions include spectroscopy tours, short lectures from postgraduate students on their research areas, a discussion of university application procedures in general by admissions officers and a lecture demonstration. The non-academic side is also addressed via a stay in a hall of residence and a course dinner. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the organisation and running of such camps and to explore the benefits for both the students and the School of Chemistry.
Assessing the status of fundamental chemistry knowledge Using a visually displayed chemistry diagnostic test
Authors: Fergus Suzanne , Hitch Geeta
Published: October 2018

Students in the classroom may possess varying levels of knowledge and understanding of fundamental chemical concepts so it is necessary to ascertain if any misalignment exists with their expected prior knowledge; if left un-addressed, such misalignment may create difficulties for students beyond the first year of their undergraduate study. The aim of this initial diagnostic test study is to assess students' knowledge of basic concepts in chemistry that underpin the science of patient safety in pharmacy practice using a novel approach which enables a variety of question types. Adiagnostic test using Microsoft PowerPoint© consisting of 40 individually timed questions was presented to an entire cohort of Master of Pharmacy (MPharm) degree programme undergraduate students in both the first year (n = 163) and third year (n = 118). The questions ranged from basic chemical nomenclature to more complex areas such as stereochemistry. Our results showed that the third year undergraduates performed significantly better than those in their first year (p ≤ 0.004) with both cohorts performing well in the basic questions such as recognition of elements and bonding. However, a more in-depth analysis of the questions indicated areas such as chemical structures and mole calculations that caused difficulty for both cohorts. This test highlights problem areas in fundamental chemistry concepts which students find difficult either tograsp or to solve, and as such it serves as a useful diagnostic tool enabling a more targeted approach to teaching.
Making ‘The Flip’ work: Barriers to and implementation strategies for introducing Flipped Teaching methods into traditional Higher Education courses
Authors: Yeung Kay
Published: October 2018

This article describes strategies used by the author to introduce a flipped teaching approach into a traditional course taught at a UK higher education institution. Traditional live lectures are replaced by video screencasts to be viewed outside the classroom by the students. Lecturer–student contact time is used for interactive workshop activities aimed at facilitating deeper conceptual understanding of the subject material. Changing to a flipped student-centric approach from the more traditional lecturer-centric approach can be challenging for both student and lecturer alike. This article describes such an attempt in modules for 2nd and 4th Year chemistry undergraduates. Student surveys show that the vast majority of students are quite positive about the flipped approach and prefer it to the traditional delivery. Based on the receptive nature of the student response and the greater opportunity for developing higher learning skills afforded by this approach, we believe it should be more widely adopted in the teaching of the physical sciencesin UK higher education.
Taking laboratory chemistry to China: A personal view
Authors: Hyde Julie
Published: October 2018

The opportunity to prepare and deliver a three-year practical university Chemistry course in China was a very exciting and challenging prospect. I have written an account of my experiences in the hope that it will inspire colleagues to consider delivering practical chemistry laboratory courses in other countries.
Coordinating the edX online course Mechanics ReView: Some observations
Authors: Fredericks Colin
Published: October 2018

Some observations on the differences between teaching face-to-face and through an online course. The opportunities, as well as the things that may be lost, as online education grows.
Screen-based assessment
Authors: Swithenby Stephen J
Published: October 2018

Inexorably and across several fronts, screen-based assessment is becoming a major part of the experience of university students, particularly but not exclusively in the sciences. This movement reflects the emphasis the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) is giving to the development of screen-based assessment at secondary level, where the universal availability of an -assessment option in high stakes exams is an adopted goal.The drivers for this change are economic, pedagogic and opportunistic. Rapid technological progress is facilitating the wider availability of computer based tasks that reflect authentically the learning outcomes of science courses. There is growing experience in the design of such tasks, with increasing commercial involvement, particularly in the USA. An examination of theories of assessment demonstrates that there are sound pedagogic reasons to pursue these developments.The main focus of this review will be assessment for which a computer acts as a means of delivery, grading and feedback. I will outline the capabilities of contemporary systems, illustrate some good practice, and identify areas where the use of the technology is moving forward rapidly. There are exciting developments in the grading of free format responses, in diagram or text form, which are now emerging on a pilot basis. Of particular interest is the assessment of higher order cognitive and subject skills. Alsoimportant is the potential for item banks that can allow the sharing of the costs of authorship. Several of these issues are reviewed more fully in Conole and Warbuton.Finally, I will comment briefly on assessment that is facilitated by computers without the computer acting as a grading tool. At a mundane level, this might involve the electronic submission of traditional assignments. Of more interest are electronically mediated peer assessment, the generation of e-portfolios, the grading of screen based experimentation and the evaluation of the student’s performance in contributing to computer based group activities, e.g. Wikis, electronic conferences, etc.
The genesis of an Adult Education programme in science
Authors: Henderson Richard A , Groves Robert , Henderson Sundus
Published: October 2018

Science and technology are now part of our everyday lives, and their impact will undoubtedly continue to grow in ever more sophisticated and subtle ways. Inevitably, this will lead to debates and controversy about the ethics and risks that science brings with it; debates in which the general public should be fully engaged. But many adults inevitably feel alienated from any involvement in such a debate because of their lack of scientific knowledge. There is a very urgent need to engage not only young people but also more mature adults in scientific discussion at levels that are both meaningful and serious. In Newcastle we are developing an adult science education programme which brings together local adult education providers, universities and industry to supply a cohesive series of short events which not only allow adults to learn and engage with contemporary science (and how it impacts on their everyday lives), but also offers the opportunity to progress to more advanced courses leading to formal qualifications. In this article we outline the development of this programme which was greatly assisted by the appointment of an ‘Adult Education Fellow’ (funded by The Higher Education Academy Physical Science Centre). Over the course of one year the Fellow established the consortium, identified what the detailed demand was, prepared the course and raised funds ready for its start in 2006.
Context based learning in chemistry: Chemistry in Sport [part 2]
Authors: Overton Tina , Potter Nicholas
Published: October 2018

A learning resource for part-time 1st year foundation degree students was designed to be completed entirely by independent study. The course presented chemistry in the context of sport and investigated the use of a number of alternative methods of teaching/ learning, including:● The Perry Scheme of Intellectual Development● Multiple intelligences (MI) Theory● Problem-Based Learning (PBL)● Context Based Learning (CBL)● Mind Mapping● Case Studies● Web-based independent learningA website containing questions, hyperlinks to further content and external webpages was produced. The students’ response was positive. They enjoyed the course, found the context interesting and the presentation helpful. The assessment marks improved (a 5-6% increase) compared to a more traditional paper based course. As only eight students took the course these results cannot be seen as statistically significant but provide agood indication that this was an effective approach. In completing their assessments and pre and post questionnaires the students provided valuable feedback that will enable improvements to the learning resource.
Editorial
Authors: Gladwin Roger
Published: October 2018

Editorial by Roger Gladwin
How to impart tacit knowledge: “Blending Chess and Chemistry”
Authors: Bedford Simon , Mason Jon
Published: October 2018

Retrosynthesis has been likened to the game of chess. There are relatively simple rules to learn, but only through experience and practice can a learner acquire the tacit knowledge required for mastery of the subject. This makes it a challenging topic to teach effectively to a large and diverse cohort of learners. Lectures are a good way of transmitting knowledge, but do not provide the engagement and training that is essential in developing a deep understanding of retrosynthesis. Therefore, students tend to struggle to achieve success in this topic. This project aimed to alleviate this problem by producing online learning resources to be combined with traditional face-to-face teaching methods to develop a blended learning approach. These resources included animated videos, quizzes, worked examples and other interactive learning materials. Analysis of examination results and learner feedback showed that the supplementary resources not only improved student performance and understanding, but also provided a more satisfactory learning experience. External evaluation suggested that the learning package has significant potential and development should be continued. The package of learning resources can be viewed online at: people.bath.ac.uk/ch3jhm
What’s in a grade? The real meaning of mathematics grades at GCSE and A-Level
Authors: Walton Gerry , Shallcross Dudley E
Published: October 2018

The scheme of work in mathematics and science subjects at GCSE and A-Level has been constantly changing over the last fifteen years. Under the auspices of a pilot scheme funded by Chemistry for our Future (CFOF) we review the current scheme of work in mathematics at both GCSE and A-Level from the three main examining boards and provide insight into what mathematical skills one might expect from a student entering a Physical Science degree programme, in particular in Chemistry.
Asking the right questions: Developing diagnostic tests in undergraduate physics
Authors: Archer Rachel , Bates Simon
Published: October 2018

Being able to discover students‟ conceptions and more importantly alternate- and misconceptions about a topic is vital in order to be able to assess and thus be able to improve student learning. It is well known that this can be achieved via the use of well-designed diagnostic tests, a widely used example of which is the Force Concept Inventory. Creating the right questions in order to form a reliable diagnostic test can be a lengthy and complicated process. This article reports work on a Development Project funded in 2008 to develop such a test for introductory Quantum Mechanics courses in both physics and chemistry. We present details of our methodology, which involves augmenting a „standard‟ multiple-choice question set with free-response boxes to determine the reasons for a student choosing a particular answer, and a self-assessment of their level of confidence in their choice. The responses from piloting this initial test in different institutions are used to inform the subsequent refinement of the test, as well as assessing the reliability and validity of the questions. We highlight examples of misconceptions that have been found during the development of the diagnostic tests.
Towards sustainable public engagement (outreach)
Authors: Harrison Timothy G , Shallcross Dudley E
Published: October 2018

There are myriad benefits to science departments that have a public engagement in science portfolio in addition to any recruitment of new undergraduates. These benefits are discussed in this paper and include: improving congruence between A level and first year undergraduate courses, training in science communication and the breaking down of barriers between the public and universities. All activity requires investment of personnel and incurs a financial cost. Small scale activities may be able to absorb this cost, but ultimately as the portfolio grows this will become an increasing drain on resources. Bristol ChemLabS Outreach has, from the very start, set out to be fully sustainable financially and in terms of personnel. A very important component is the full support of the senior management team. In this paper we discuss how we have achieved this.
Problem-based learning in physics supported by electronic assessment (Mastering Physics)
Authors: Moran Lynn
Published: October 2018

Problem Based Learning (PBL) was introduced into a year 1 module in physics in the University of Liverpool in 2008/09. Mastering Physics (MP) electronic assessment from Pearson was also introduced to support this change. The main alteration was that for the purposes of continuous assessment the three tutorial-style homework assignments worth 10% of the module mark, were replaced with four group projects and 6 MP electronic assessments worth 30% of the module mark in 2008-09, and 50% in 2009-10. The most notable improvement is from ~45% of students submitting three assignments, claiming to have spent ~30 minutes per week on them, and achieving an average mark of <50%, to over 80% of students in 2008-09, and over 95% in 2009-10 submitting work for all projects and electronic assessments, with feedback indicating an average of 5-6 hours per week of work outside class. The average and median marks also improved dramatically from <50% in 2007-08 to >70% in 2008-09 and >75% in 2009-10.
Screencasting as a means of providing timely, general feedback on assessment
Authors: Haxton Katherine J , McGarvey David J
Published: October 2018

Feedback has been highlighted as a key area for improvement in teaching in higher education following recent National Student Survey results. While feedback may be provided in a variety of forms, both general and specific to individual students, there is often a need to provide general feedback to a whole class without consuming valuable and limited contact time.Screencasting involves recording a short video clip of a computer screen with narration. It can be used to demonstrate various computer programmes, how to perform data analysis and to provide feedback on assessment, both individually and to the class as a whole. Camtasia or other screencast facilities were used to produce short videos of solutions to problem based assessments, incorporating general feedback and addressing misconceptions that had arisen. The resulting video files can be made available through virtual learning environments or on external websites giving the students round the clock access to a „mini lecture‟ enabling them to use the feedback at a time and place of their choosing. We have experimented with screencast feedback in a number of chemistry modules, focussing on feedback for in-class tests and problem-solving activities.In this communication we will look at screencasting as a means of providing efficient and effective whole class feedback, highlighting the strengths and challenges of this technology. We will discuss the experiences of both students who receive screencast feedback and tutors who provide it, and finish with our suggestions for best practice in the area.
Combining screencasting and a Tablet PC to deliver personalised student feedback
Authors: O’Malley Patrick J
Published: October 2018

In many large research intensive universities in the UK the ability to provide a personalised university learning experience for their students is providing a serious challenge. Based on the National Student Survey (NSS) data, the absence of focused personalised feedback is often a concern of students. Here we describe how we use the combination of modern technologies encompassing a Tablet PC and screencasting to provide a personalised feedback to our students on submitted coursework and tutorial example classes. The fundamentals and practicalities of this approach, in particular with regard to the physical sciences, are described and data from student attitudinal and informational surveys are presented.
Solving the maths problem in chemistry: The impact of a pre-university maths summer school
Authors: Shallcross D E , Allan N L , Shallcross K L , Croker S J , Smith D M , May P W , Harrison T G , Price G J
Published: October 2018

Mathematical skills beyond that taught at GCSE level (under 16 in UK) are required to pursue a physical sciences degree in the UK. However, many departments are unable to recruit sufficient students who have both the physical science and Mathematics qualification at A-level (post-16). Therefore, students are admitted with GCSE Mathematics and are taught the mathematical skills during the degree course. In this paper we investigate the impact of running a pre-university mathematics summer school for students about to start a physical sciences degree who have GCSE Mathematics as their highest mathematics qualification. The students are tracked through their first two years of a UK chemistry degree. It is shown that they perform significantly better than similarly qualified students in first year physical chemistry and second year theoretical chemistry units. Reasons for these results are presented.
Educational research: Reviewing the literature
Authors: El-Farargy Nancy
Published: October 2018

As educators, we are often concerned with maximising learning experiences and in exploring or understanding the factors that may contribute to successful educational endeavours. Much of this may transcend into educational research, in which the literature review will be the essential component in clarifying what is already known about the topicand in documenting any unanswered questions to take the research forward. This process will often scope concepts and theories, research methods and strategies, significant controversies, and inconsistencies in findings related to the area. The literature review is the informative, evaluative and critical synthesis of a particular topic and provides readers with a clear picture of the subject and its associated range of perspectives and opposing views. In most cases, they are invaluable to readers because they collect evidence from a variety of sources that is evaluated and synthesised into a readable format.This paper provides a narrative overview of the concepts and practices of literature searching for new educational researchers within physical sciences. A guidance checklist to searching the literature and a list of suggested publication outlets is also listed.
New Physics Curriculum
Authors: Moran Lynn
Published: October 2018

Developing the critical thinking and problem-solving skills of students as rapidly as possible is a key requirement in improving learning outcomes at every stage of their degree. The Department of Physics at the University of Liverpool has entirely redeveloped years 1 and 2 of the undergraduate degree with a focus on students becoming independent learners as early as possible. The aims are to better integrate the undergraduate teaching provision and to complete the Institute of Physics core curriculum in years 1 and 2, in order to focus on research led teaching and independent projects in years 3 and 4. This new programme, entitled New Physics, starts in Welcome Week with the Undergraduate Physics Olympics and continues through the Year 1 Project (Mission to Mars) in the first week of semester one. The aim is to set the standard for collaborative achievement and introduce students to the way that physicists think. Innovative problem solving classes incorporating active learning such as peerassessment,group learning and exemplars designed to improve these skills andenhance the quality of learning among its first-year students have been introduced.
A measurement of quantum fears
Authors: Chapman JR , Hunt SO , Walet NR
Published: October 2018

There are anecdotal indications that students avoid questions involving time-dependent exam problems in quantum mechanics. To obtain real evidence, a diagnostic questionnaire has been created and administered to third-year students. It measures students' understanding of quantum mechanics in general, with an emphasis on misconceptions and threshold concepts that may block a deeper under-standing of quantum mechanics, especially of time-dependent aspects. The questionnaire consists of two parts, a self-evaluation section followed by a conceptual survey. Analysis of the results of this questionnaire does indeed reveal areas of weakness in student understanding of time-dependence as well as of other fundamental quantum mechanical concepts. The questionnaire has been revised in light of the analysis with the aim of improving the understanding of student difficulties as well as the reliability of the questionnaire itself.
Application of GGBFS and Bentonite to Auto-Healing Cracks of Cement Paste
Authors: Ekaputri J J , Anam M S , Luan Y , Fujiyama C , Chijiwa N , Setiamarga D H E
Published: October 2018

Cracks are caused by many factors. Shrinkage and external loading are the most common reason. It becomes a problem when the ingression of aggressive and harmful substance penetrates to the concrete gap. This problem reduces the durability of the structures. It is well known that self – healing of cracks significantly improves the durability of the concrete structure. This paper presents self-healing cracks of cement paste containing bentonite associated with ground granulated blast furnace slag. The self-healing properties were evaluated with four parameters: crack width on the surface, crack depth, tensile strength recovery, and flexural recovery. In combination with microscopic observation, a healing process over time is also performed. The results show that bentonite improves the healing properties, in terms of surface crack width and crack depth. On the other hand, GGBFS could also improve the healing process, in terms of crack depth, direst tensile recovery, and flexural stiffness recovery. Carbonation reaction is believed as the main mechanism, which contributes the self-healing process as well as the continuous hydration progress.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN PERSEPSI SISWA TERHADAP PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP N 1 JETIS
Authors: Khasanah Nur , Kusmanto Benedictus
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research is to find out the correlation between motivation to learn and students perception on mathematics with the results ofÂ  mathematics learning. This research method applied descriptive of correlation.The population in this research is grade VIII SMP N 1 Jetis totaling 180 students, with a sample of 120 students taken by cluster random sampling. Analytical techniques multiple regression analysis with requirment of normality and linierity. Based on the results of the research, R = 0,460, meaning that there was a positive correlation between motivation to learn and students perception on mathematics with the results of mathematics learning. Rx1.y â€“ x2 = 0,204, meaning that therewas a positive correlation between motivation to learn with the results of mathematics learning. Rx2.y â€“ x1 = 0,314, meaning that there was a positive correlation between students perception on mathematics with the results of mathematics learning.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAMS-ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) SISWA KELAS VII B MTsN SIDOHARJO KULONPROGO
Authors: Kirwanto Kirwanto , Sujadi A. A
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the research to increase student interest and improve learning achievement of students in mathematics class VII B MTsN Sidoharjo Kulonprogo through cooperative learning model Student Team - Achievement Division (STAD). The research was Classroom Action research (CAR) conducted a minimum of two cycles . The subjects in this study class VII B MTsN Sidoharjo Kulonprogro totaling 21 students. Instrument in this study was the observation sheets, questionnaires interest in learning, and individual tests. The main data source in this study were students, teachers, and observations during the action learning in the classroom. The results indicate that the implementation of learning with cooperative learning model Student Team - Achievement Division (STAD) can improve student achievement class VII B MTsN Sidoharjo Kulonprogro. This is evidenced by the increase in the average value of 56.43 into 68.45 before the action in the first cycle and then on the second cycle increased to 75.07. Implementation of learning with cooperative learning model Student Teams - Achievement Division (STAD) can also increase students' interest in learning mathematics. This is evidenced by the increased percentage of each indicator that is the pleasure of a 65 % increased to 79 %, the concentration of learning from 76% to 82 %, the motivation to learn 65 % to 81 %, and interest or curiosity in mathematics from 64 % to 82 %. Suggestion of this research is for researchers who want to conduct similar research, plans should be more mature. And researchers should pay more attention to the maximum again in every student so that the expected interest and achievement can be increased to the maximum.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL RME (REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION) SISWA KELAS IX A SMP NEGERI 04 BUMIAYU SEMERTER 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2013/2014
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri , Kusmanto Benedictus
Published: October 2018

Realistic mathematics education is one model to improve studentâ€™s motivation in learning and students' achievement. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subject of the research is nine grade students of Junior high school Bumiayu. It is conducted in two cycles, each cycles consists of planning, acting, observing and reflecting. The data revealed from observation, questionnaire, test and documentation. The result of the research was there are increasing student motivation and students' achievement. This forum can be teachers' reflection to be much better in mathematic teaching and learning.
EKSPERIMENTASI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 MLATI
Authors: Bintarasari Dian , Harini Esti
Published: October 2018

The aim of the research is to measure how far the mathâ€™s result and the learning motivation between the students who had inquiry learning strategy and who had conventional learning strategy. To find is there any different mathâ€™s result between the strategy and the motivation of the students. The research is done in SMP Negeri 2 Mlati Kabupaten Sleman for the 8th grade, on the academic year 2013/2014. The sample is chosen by using cluster random sampling. The data use technique is two-way analysis of variance 2x3 in different cell analysis. The research result shows that: (1) the mathâ€™s result study with inquiry in medium criteriaâ€™s score average is 14.29 (2) the resultâ€™s study of conventional learning strategy in medium criteriaâ€™s score average is 12.59 (3) motivation of study in inquiry learning strategy in medium criteriaâ€™s score average is 53.81 (4) motivation of study in conventional learning strategy in medium criteriaâ€™s score average is 48.88 (5) there is any different result of studying math based on learning strategy ( 4.08) (6) There is no different result study based on studentâ€™s motivation ( 0.268 3.23) Â (7) there is no interaction between math learning strategy with studentâ€™s motivation ( 0.408 3.23)
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) PADA SISWA SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 8 MEDAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2014/2015
Authors: Arini Lilis , Surya Edi
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine whether the type cooperative learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) can improve mathematics learning creativity in students of SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Medan in particular on the subject of Perimeter and Area of Rectangle class VII T.P second semester 2014/2015. The research is a classroom action research (PTK) using cooperative learning model Think Pair Share (TPS). The instrument used was a test as much as 5 about the shape of the description and in the observation is the creativity of student learning. The subjects were students / student of class VII-C SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Medan totaling 38 people consisting of 21 male students and 17 female students. The object of this research is the creativity of mathematics learning using cooperative learning model Think Pair Share (TPS). Obtaining the average value of the creativity of the students at an early test of 41.26% (Less), the first cycle increased to 59.15% (Enough), and the second cycle increased to 79.10% (Good). It can be concluded that the cooperative learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) on the subject of the circumference and area of a rectangle increased creativity of mathematics learning in class VII-C SMP Muhammadiyah 8 Medan T.P.2014 / 2015.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KETERAMPILAN HITUNG, KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DAN LINGKUNGAN BELAJAR DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Bariroh Siti
Published: October 2018

descriptively, the purpose of this study is to know the tendency studentsâ€™ of computational skills, independece of Â learning, learning environment and the academic mathematics achievement of the students class VIII SMP Negeri ofÂ  in Panjatan district on 2013/2014 academic year. Correlatively, the purpose is to determine the relationship between computational skills, independece ofÂ  learning,Â  learning environment and the academic mathematics achievement of the students class VIII SMP Negeri ofÂ  in Panjatan district on 2013/2014 academic year. The population of this study was all students of VIII SMP Negeriin Panjatan district on 2013/2014 academic year. Sampling is taken by using cluster randomsampling technique.. The researcher took and selected class ofÂ  VIII B and VIII C SMP N I Panjatan and class VIII A and VIII B SMP N 2 Panjatan as the sample class with the number of responders is 108 students. The data analysis is using multiple correlation and multiple regression of two variables. The results of this descriptive study showed that the computational skills is in a very high category, while their independece ofÂ  learning is in the high category, while their theÂ  learning environment is in the high category and their learning mathematics achievement in a high category.From the calculation of multiple correlation test, the value ofR=0,647 by p= 0,000 <Î±=0,05, it means that there is a positive and significant relationship between computational skills, independece ofÂ  learning,Â  learning environment and the academicmathematics achievement.