bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Francis Jonbäck, Meningsfullt liv
Authors: Li Oliver
Published: April 2021

N/A
Relationship of peroxidation indicators and hemograms in children with hip joint pathology
Authors: Teplen’kiy M. P. , Matveeva E. L. , Spirkina E. S. , Gasanova A. G.
Published: April 2021

The increase in the number of patients with hip pathologies among children of different ages makes the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases one of the most actually existing problems in modern orthopedics. The aim of the work was to determine the features of the lipid peroxidation system - antioxidant protection and hemogram indices in children with various forms of hip joint pathology. The results of a preoperative examination of 47 patients aged 6-15 years (average age 10.3 years) who were treated at the clinic “FSBI NICC“ TO ”named after academician G. A. Ilizarova, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. There were 25 boys and 20 girls. Given nosology, patients were divided into five groups. The diagnosis was established on the basis of a clinical and radiological examination. Group I consisted of 8 male patients with stage II Perthes disease (mean age 8.75 + 1.63). Group II includes 16 patients (8 boys, 7 girls) with stage III Perthes disease. (average age 11.80 + 0.89). Group III included 12 patients (6 boys, 6 girls) with aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (average age 14.7 + 2.35). Group IV consisted of 4 patients (1 boy, 3 girls) with epiphyseal dysplasia. (average age 10.25 + 1.36). Group V includes 7 patients with hip dysplasia complicated by aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (mean age 8.33 + 2.11). The norm is the data that was obtained after examining 10 healthy male adolescents (age 13-14) and 5 female adolescents (age 8-14 years). Changes in lipid peroxidation rates and antioxidant activity are unidirectional in different forms of pathology of the hip joints in children, and the content of peroxidation products reliably correlates with hemogram values in stage II osteochondropathy and complicated hip dysplasia. In the complex of diagnostic measures for children with dystrophic lesions of the hip joint, to clarify the nature and stage of the pathological process, as additional criteria, hemogram indicators and lipid peroxidation systems - antioxidant protection can be used.
Cytogenetic features of buccal epithelium under exposure to harmful factors of metallurgical production
Authors: Abdrakhmanova Elena Rafilovna , Vlasova N. V. , Masyagutova L. M. , Gizatullina L. G. , Gimranova G. G. , Chudnovets G. M. , Sadrtdinova G. R.
Published: April 2021

At the present stage of development of society, the issues of preserving and strengthening the most important productive force that determine the economic development and national security of the country remain relevant. Metallurgy is one of the basic industries in Russia, which forms up to 20% of GDP. This study assesses the condition of the oral mucosa in workers in the industry. To evaluate the formation of micronuclei in buccal cells as an early biomarker of health disorders as a result of occupational exposure to production factors of a metallurgical plant. Hygienic and clinical laboratory tests were carried out for workers of the metallurgical plant of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Cytological studies of the buccal epithelium were performed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the applied programs IBM, SPSS, Statistics, Microsoft Excel. The general assessment of working conditions in accordance with the criteria of R.2.2.2006-05 for workers of the metallurgical plant was established as 3.2-3.3. Analysis of the buccal epithelium revealed the occurrence of cells with cytogenetic disorders in the workers of the main group. Cells with atypical nuclei were identified in workers with a duration of contact with unfavorable factors of production for more than ten years. Signs of nuclear destruction were revealed, characterizing an increase in apoptotic activity in workers with prolonged contact times. Studies have shown that with more than 10 years of work experience, proliferation processes prevail over differentiation processes. The results obtained can be used as diagnostic methods that expand the prospects for identifying pre-pathological and pathological conditions.
Prognostic significance of soluble forms of immune checkpoint PD-1/PDL1 receptor and ligand in blood plasma of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Kushlinskii Nikolay Evgenievich , Gershtein E. S. , Chang V. L. , Korotkova E. A. , Alferov A. A. , Kontorshchikov M. M. , Sokolov N. Yu. , Karamysheva E. I. , Ognerubov N. A. , Stilidi I. S.
Published: April 2021

Analysis of long-term treatment results of 101 primary gastric cancer patients at various stages of the tumor process followed during 1 - 41 months (median - 6,4 months) from the onset of specific treatment are presented depending on the levels of soluble forms (s) of PD-1 receptor and its ligand PD-L1 in blood plasma. Overall survival assessed by Kaplan-Meyer analysis and with the help of Cox multiparametric regression model was applied as the criterion of prognostic value. It was found that at high (≥ 35 pg/ml) sPD-L1 levels in blood plasma, the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer was statistically significantly lower than at the marker’s levels below 35 pg / ml (p <0.045): 1-year survival comprised 78 and 96%, 2-year - 52 and 78%; 3-year - 40 and 61% at high and low sPD-L1 respectively. Median survival of patients with high plasma sPD-L1 comprised 29 months, of those with low sPD-L1 was not achieved during the whole follow-up period. This trend was observed not only in the total group of stage I-IV gastric cancer patients, but also in patients at the early stages of the disease, though sPD-L1 did not show an independent prognostic value in multiparametric model. At the same time, the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer did not depend on the baseline levels sPD-1 in blood plasma. Thus, soluble ligand sPD-L1 can be considered as a potentially valuable factor for prognosis of gastric cancer patients’ survival, and, probably, of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment efficiency, but further studies and patients’ monitoring are required to prove this statement.
Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry for measuring telomere length of human leukocytes
Authors: Galtseva I. V. , Filipenko M. L. , Davydova Yu. O. , Luchkin A. V. , Kapranov N. M. , Kondratieva Yu. A. , Subbotin S. V. , Khrapov E. A. , Nikiforova K. A. , Fidarova Z. T. , Gaponova T. V. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Mikhailova E. A. , Parovichnikova E. N. , Savchenko V. G.
Published: April 2021

Telomere length can be measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allowing to obtain the absolute length of telomeres (ALT) in base pair, and by flow cytometry, which can only estimate the relative telomere length. The aim of the study was to compare the results of the two methods and to develop an accurate and reliable way of converting the relative telomere length to absolute. The peripheral blood from 21 donors was analyzed. Measurement of leukocyte telomere length by flow cytometry was carried out using a commercial Telomere PNA Kit / FITC (Dako, Denmark) with two CytoFLEX flow cytometers (Beckman Coulter, China) and BD FACSCanto II (Becton Dickinson, USA), obtaining the molecular equivalent of fluorescence (MEF). To measure telomere length by real-time PCR, calibrators with a known number of telomeric repeats were prepared. Two quantitative PCRs were carried out: one for telomeric repeats, the other for determining the number of genome-equivalents of DNA, three times for each sample, which made it possible to calculate ALT. A strong direct relationship was found between the MEF obtained with BD FACSCanto II and CytoFLEX (r = 0.97). Analysis of PCR and flow cytometry results showed a significant correlation between ALT and MEF. We calculated the regression equations of ALT and MEF for CytoFLEX - y = 0.0043x (r = 0.84) and for BD FACSCanto II - y = 0.0051x (r = 0.82). Correlation analysis showed a high comparability of telomere lengths measured by two methods. The obtained regression equations allow converting the results of flow cytometry into absolute values, allowing the comparison of the results of different research groups and the use of this method in clinical trials.
Local immunity and microflora of the reproductive tract of gynecological patients before and after immunomodulatory therapy
Authors: Zherebyateva O. O. , Makhalova G. O. , Kirgizova S. B. , Kshnyaseva S. K. , Mironov A. Yu. , Mikhailova E. A.
Published: April 2021

Immunomodulatory drugs are widely used as drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of microbial etiology in clinical medicine. The authors evaluated the effectiveness of the therapeutic effect of the Cycloferon immunomodulator in the treatment of chronic purulent-inflammatory diseases of the reproductive tract using clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters. It was shown that under the influence of immunomodulatory therapy, the restoration of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the normoflora was observed with the elimination of etiologically significant microorganisms. The immunocorrective effect of therapy on the indices of local immunity was established: the concentration of lactoferrin increased in the cervical secretion, the level of cytokines IL-1β and γ-IFN normalized, the amount of secretory IgA increased significantly, which contributed to the enhancement of local protective reactions, as well as the clinical efficacy of therapy, which was manifested in the reduction and/or disappearance of pain syndrome and the absence of relapse for 2 or more years. Conducted researches allow us to speak of immunotropic drugs as a promising direction in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the reproductive tract, a significant advantage of which is rational immunomodulation directly in the focus of inflammation, the availability of treatment, the absence of side effects with adequate therapeutic regimens, which makes it relevant to further study this direction of immunocorrection and its implementation into wide clinical practice.
(Supplementary data) Proteome consistency of the aleurone layer in grain of major wheat species grown over different years
Authors: Meziani Samira , Nadaud Isabelle
Published: April 2021

(Supplementary data) Proteome consistency of the aleurone layer in grain of major wheat species grown over different years
INFLUÊNCIA DA ANSIEDADE NO DISTÚRBIO DA PARALISIA DO SONO SOB O OLHAR DA TERAPIA COGNITIVO COMPORTAMENTAL
Authors: Costa Lílian Neves Ribeiro da
Published: April 2021

Está presente pesquisa se propõe uma análise sobre a relação entre o transtorno de ansiedade e o distúrbio da paralisia do sono trazendo uma perspectiva da terapia cognitivo comportamental para contribuir com um enriquecimento a luz de uma abordagem pioneira em assuntos cognitivos comportamentais que está a todo momento contribuindo com estudos e explicações a respeito das subjetividades dos indivíduos. O objetivo geral deste trabalho se constituiu na investigação de como o transtorno de ansiedade pode estar intimamente ligado ao distúrbio da paralisia do sono trazendo a perspectiva da terapia cognitivo comportamental. Chegou-se à conclusão de que é correto afirmar que assim como a ansiedade é um potencial influenciador para o surgimento do distúrbio da paralisia do sono, o próprio distúrbio em si também pode vir a ser um possível gerador ou potencial influenciador para o transtorno de ansiedade. Sendo assim, se fez possível concluir que um é potencializador e possível influenciador do outro, e de certa forma, ambos se complementam. A metodologia que se utilizou esta pesquisa foi de caráter qualitativo, estando presente também na abordagem metodológica a pesquisa bibliográfica. Esta pesquisa teve ainda como contribuição social o auxílio informativo acerca da paralisia do sono e também a cerda se sua ligação com o transtorno de ansiedade, visto que essa temática não é devidamente explorada, investigada e estudada. A contribuição científica também foi de grande valia uma vez que a escassez de assuntos a respeito da paralisia do sono é grande no meio dos estudos científicos a respeito do tema.
APLICABILIDADE DA LEI GERAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE DADOS PESSOAIS LEI 13.709/18 — SANÇÕES ADMINISTRATIVAS E CRIMINAIS
Authors: Maldonado Laura Braga , Sotero Andrea Luiza Escarabelo
Published: April 2021

A Lei de Geral de Proteção de dados Pessoais - Lei 13.709/18, foi sancionada em 14 de agosto de 2018. A LGPD tem como base a “General Data Protection Regulation” (GDPR), regulamentação europeia aprovada em maio do ano passado (2018), que tem origem no PLC 53/2018. Aprovada por unanimidade pelo Plenário do Senado em Julho/2018, a nova lei dispõe, sobre o tratamento de dados pessoais, de pessoa natural, jurídica de direito público e privado. Com o objetivo de proteger os direitos fundamentais, de liberdade e de privacidade, estabelecendo regras, e limites para empresas que utilizam, armazenam, e compartilham dados, favorecendo o desenvolvimento econômico de sua empresa, e consequentemente, expondo de forma inadequada os dados que possuem. Um dos princípios desta lei é assegurar que os dados serão utilizados apenas para uma finalidade específica, os dados coletados devem respeitar o princípio da minimização de coleta, os dados coletados devem ser apenas o necessário para a atingir a finalidade. A lei traz mais segurança jurídica para empresas e maior proteção aos direitos dos titulares dos dados, sendo essencial entender os conceitos relevantes desta norma, para compreensão dos seus impactos, na prática.
FÉ E CIÊNCIA: UM DIÁLOGO INTERDISCIPLINAR SOBRE O ABORTO, A PARTIR DAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA RELIGIÃO E DA BIOÉTICA
Authors: Bezerra Antônio Sérgio Mendes
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fazer uma abordagem sobre o aborto a partir da interdisciplinaridade entre fé e ciência; isto é, tecer uma reflexão a partir de contribuições da teologia e da bioética. Para isso, adotou-se a metodologia revisão bibliográfica. Essa perspectiva de trabalho e o modelo de metodologia ajudou a constatar a necessidade de se superar o isolamento das ciências em relação à teologia, e vice-versa. Ou seja, há uma necessidade de se fomentar o diálogo a partir dos avanços científicos e das teorias da interdependência destes saberes. Além disso, o artigo faz uma leitura das causas do aborto no Brasil e sinaliza aspectos determinantes a esse problema de saúde pública e que tem, em seu bojo, fatores que levam a essa prática abortiva no Brasil e em outros países. Por fim, baseado nos achados ao longo desse trabalho, apresenta-se uma reflexão acerca dos valores inerentes à dignidade da pessoa humana desde a concepção e por todo o ciclo de vida.
CONSTITUIÇÃO DO SISTEMA DEMOCRÁTICO E ECONÔMICO
Authors: Vieira Júnior Ismael Lemes
Published: April 2021

A Constituição Federal de 1988 completou mais 1 (um) ano de vigência sua temporada, completando assim 32 (trinta e dois) anos. Consequentemente, a democracia é um conceito político e jurídico, um valor cultural, é imediatamente impactado pela funcionalidade financeira do país. Para todos aqueles que têm dinheiro para escolher a seleção de suas refeições, o direito de escolher é importante. Para todos aqueles que recebem o prato preparado, a liberdade de escolha é um princípio simples. A Constituição, porém, não parou por aí, pois, além de garantir direitos específicos e impor restrições às ações condicionantes, consagrou muitos direitos adicionais previdenciários, ambientais e sociais. A Magna Carta, promulgada em cinco de outubro de 1988, administrou todas as facetas do viver para a sociedade moderna, e também, mesmo assim, acaba desejando mudanças regulares. Se a Constituição foi promulgada, o Brasil era uma nação econômica e politicamente fechada. Os obstáculos ao comércio global eram de diferentes ordens, regularmente com o objetivo de impedir o câmbio. O Brasil não tirou vários dólares e também, consequentemente, a capacidade de digerir as notícias que vinham do exterior era extremamente mínima.
O IMPACTO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS EDUCACIONAIS NO NOVO CONTEXTO DE EDUCAÇÃO HÍBRIDA NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Fabiano Della
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta a importância das novas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) para o processo de ensino-aprendizado prioritariamente no contexto de isolamento social provocado pelo advento da chegada do COVID-19 no Brasil e também no mundo. Desta forma, este trabalho busca verificar a disseminação dessas novas tecnologia e a importância destas não só neste momento de isolamento social, más também a sua importância em um contexto mais abrangente e as perspectivas futuras para a educação brasileira. Desta forma, o trabalho irá relacionar as novas tecnologias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem buscando a sua relação com os estudantes e os professores e também os pontos de atenção que devem ser tomados em relação à estas tecnologias e como estas poderão ser utilizadas como uma espécie de alavanca para a promoção do aprendizado significativo e na melhoria dos métodos para o ensino. Para tanto, foi construído um estudo bibliográfico sobre as novas tecnologias de acordo com a visão de alguns teóricos sobre o assunto no intuito de levantar trabalhos que possam contribuir para o processo de alavancagem do conhecimento.
COMPORTAMENTO SUICIDA EM CRIANÇAS VÍTIMAS DO BULLYING NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR
Authors: Silva Kesia Raisa Correia da
Published: April 2021

Esse trabalho de conclusão de curso traz como objetivo fazer um alerta para os casos de comportamento suicida que vem ocorrendo em nossa sociedade. Desse modo foram realizadas pesquisas que mostraram que uma das causas de suicídio na infância e na adolescência é decorrente do comportamento de bullying. A primeira constatação sobre o caso de bullying relacionado com o suicídio foi feito na Noruega quando ocorreu o suicídio de três crianças que sofriam constantemente bullying na escola. Decorrente disso foi iniciado estudos sobre o tema que se tornaram de grande importância para o entendimento sobre os casos de bullying no contexto escolar. A partir disso a pesquisa traz vários atores que tiveram grande contribuição nos estudos sobre bullying, entre eles estão: Fante, Freire, Gaiu, Maia, lisboa, Malta e muitos outros que trouxeram inúmeras contribuições para o entendimento sobre o bullying. Com isso a pesquisa traz um estudo de caso baseado em uma reportagem que ocorreu no Espírito Santo, onde uma criança cometeu suicídio após ser vítima de bullying na escola que estudava. O estudo de caso é uma das formas que foram utilizadas na pesquisa para mostrar as consequências que o bullying pode trazer para a vida do indivíduo, dentre eles também se pode observar outras consequências que o bullying pode causar com problemas psíquicos e emocionais que pode perdurar por toda a vida do indivíduo.
HORTA EDUCACIONAL ESCOLAR: EXPERIÊNCIA NO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO JOÃO EVANGELISTA – MG
Authors: Bispo Charles André Souza , Lemos João Paulo , Rocha Laila Eduarda Gonçalves , Guerra Francismara Fernandes , Borges João Tomaz da Silva
Published: April 2021

: Objetivou-se com este trabalho desenvolver uma horta didática envolvendo os componentes curriculares das áreas de ciências da natureza e da matemática, retratar, analisar e trabalhar a educação ambiental como forma de promoção ao desenvolvimento sustentável para os alunos e os demais integrantes da comunidade escolar, além de favorecer o desenvolvimento da agricultura familiar na região, possibilitando a difusão de técnicas de cultivo adequadas a atividades olerícolas e o incremento da renda suplementar para as suas respectivas famílias. O trabalho foi desenvolvido como projeto de educação ambiental na Escola Estadual Doutor Lúcio Vieira da Silva, distrito de Comercinho, Município de São João Evangelista – MG, onde se utilizou a construção da horta como instrumento para possibilitar um estudo interdisciplinar envolvendo as áreas de ciências da natureza e matemática e favorecer o aprendizado relacionado com as demandas sociais atuais, assim como atender as recomendações da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Neste contexto, buscando-se atender necessidades previamente elencadas pela comunidade escolar (gestores, professores, estudantes e respectivos familiares), trabalhou-se a educação ambiental com temas relacionados a conservação e manejo do solo, cultivo de alimentos olerícolas. As atividades desenvolvidas neste estudo mostraram que a utilização de hortas educativas é um método prático e oportuno de estímulo à interdisciplinaridade e ao multiprofissionalismo, proporcionando experiências positivas quanto à interação escola e comunidade, permitindo ao educando vivenciar a aplicação de conhecimentos adquiridos na solução de problemas do cotidiano, além de contribuir na formação de indivíduos éticos, humanistas, críticos e conscientes de seu papel como cidadão.
O PROCESSO DE VALORIZAÇÃO DO ESPAÇO URBANO NA CIDADE DE NOVA IGUAÇU E SEUS IMPACTOS NA POPULAÇÃO PERIFÉRICA
Authors: Ribeiro Lilian Cristina Gomes
Published: April 2021

Esse artigo traz uma breve reflexão e abertura para futuros debates sobre o crescente enobrecimento e estímulo à centralização no município de Nova Iguaçu de que forma ocorreu e por qual motivo esse processo tem sido estimulado, e os impactos que têm sido vivenciados pela  sociedade local, que majoritariamente possui baixo poder aquisitivo considerando que Nova Iguaçu é uma cidade periférica, em relação ao Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Arctic Ocean acidification over the 21st century co-driven by anthropogenic carbon increases and freshening in the CMIP6 model ensemble
Authors: Terhaar Jens , Torres Olivier , Bourgeois Timothée , Kwiatkowski Lester
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The uptake of anthropogenic carbon (Cant) by the ocean leads to ocean acidification, causing the reduction of pH and the saturation states of aragonite (Ωarag) and calcite (Ωcalc). The Arctic Ocean is particularly vulnerable to ocean acidification due to its naturally low pH and saturation states and due to ongoing freshening and the concurrent reduction in total alkalinity in this region. Here, we analyse ocean acidification in the Arctic Ocean over the 21st century across 14 Earth system models (ESMs) from the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). Compared to the previous model generation (CMIP5), models generally better simulate maximum sea surface densities in the Arctic Ocean and consequently the transport of Cant into the Arctic Ocean interior, with simulated historical increases in Cant in improved agreement with observational products. Moreover, in CMIP6 the inter-model uncertainty of projected changes over the 21st century in Arctic Ocean Ωarag and Ωcalc averaged over the upper 1000 m is reduced by 44–64 %. The strong reduction in projection uncertainties of Ωarag and Ωcalc can be attributed to compensation between Cant uptake and total alkalinity reduction in the latest models. Specifically, ESMs with a large increase in Arctic Ocean Cant over the 21st century tend to simulate a relatively weak concurrent freshening and alkalinity reduction, while ESMs with a small increase in Cant simulate a relatively strong freshening and concurrent total alkalinity reduction. Although both mechanisms contribute to Arctic Ocean acidification over the 21st century, the increase in Cant remains the dominant driver. Even under the low-emissions Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 1-2.6 (SSP1-2.6), basin-wide averaged Ωarag undersaturation in the upper 1000 m occurs before the end of the century. While under the high-emissions pathway SSP5-8.5, the Arctic Ocean mesopelagic is projected to even become undersaturated with respect to calcite. An emergent constraint identified in CMIP5 which relates present-day maximum sea surface densities in the Arctic Ocean to the projected end-of-century Arctic Ocean Cant inventory is found to generally hold in CMIP6. However, a coincident constraint on Arctic declines in Ωarag and Ωcalc is not apparent in the new generation of models. This is due to both the reduction in Ωarag and Ωcalc projection uncertainty and the weaker direct relationship between projected changes in Arctic Ocean Cant and changes in Ωarag and Ωcalc.
Mineral dust cycle in the Multiscale Online Nonhydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) Version 2.0
Authors: Klose Martina , Jorba Oriol , Gonçalves Ageitos María , Escribano Jeronimo , Dawson Matthew L. , Obiso Vincenzo , Di Tomaso Enza , Basart Sara , Montané Pinto Gilbert , Macchia Francesca , Ginoux Paul , Guerschman Juan , Prigent Catherine , Huang Yue , Kok Jasper F. , Miller Ron L. , Pérez García-Pando Carlos
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We present the dust module in the Multiscale Online Non-hydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) Version 2.0, a chemical weather prediction system that can be used for regional and global modeling at a range of resolutions. The representations of dust processes in MONARCH were upgraded with a focus on dust emission (emission parameterizations, entrainment thresholds, considerations of soil moisture and surface cover), lower boundary conditions (roughness, potential dust sources), and dust--radiation interactions. MONARCH now allows modeling of global and regional mineral dust cycles using fundamentally different paradigms, ranging from strongly simplified to physics-based parameterizations. We present a detailed description of these updates along with four global benchmark simulations, which use conceptually different dust emission parameterizations, and we evaluate the simulations against observations of dust optical depth. We determine key dust parameters, such as global annual emission/deposition flux, dust loading, dust optical depth, mass-extinction efficiency, single-scattering albedo, direct radiative effects. The total annual dust emission and deposition fluxes obtained with our four experiments, range between about 3,500 and 6,000 Tg, which largely depend upon differences in the emitted size distribution. Considering ellipsoidal particle shapes and dust refractive indices that account for size-resolved mineralogy, we estimate the global total (longwave and shortwave) dust direct radiative effect (DRE) at the surface to range between about −0.90 and −0.63 W m−2 and at the top of the atmosphere between −0.20 and −0.28 W m−2. Our evaluation demonstrates that MONARCH is able to reproduce key features of the spatio-temporal variability of the global dust cycle with important and insightful differences between the different configurations.
Evaluation of historic and operational satellite radar altimetry missions for constructing consistent long-term lake water level records
Authors: Shu Song , Liu Hongxing , Beck Richard A. , Frappart Frédéric , Korhonen Johanna , Lan Minxuan , Xu Min , Yang Bo , Huang Yan
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A total of 13 satellite missions have been launched since 1985, with different types of radar altimeters on board. This study intends to make a comprehensive evaluation of historic and currently operational satellite radar altimetry missions for lake water level retrieval over the same set of lakes and to develop a strategy for constructing consistent long-term water level records for inland lakes at global scale. The lake water level estimates produced by different retracking algorithms (retrackers) of the satellite missions were compared with the gauge measurements over 12 lakes in four countries. The performance of each retracker was assessed in terms of the data missing rate, the correlation coefficient r, the bias, and the root mean square error (RMSE) between the altimetry-derived lake water level estimates and the concurrent gauge measurements. The results show that the model-free retrackers (e.g., OCOG/Ice-1/Ice) outperform the model-based retrackers for most of the missions, particularly over small lakes. Among the satellite altimetry missions, Sentinel-3 gave the best results, followed by SARAL. ENVISAT has slightly better lake water level estimates than Jason-1 and Jason-2, but its data missing rate is higher. For small lakes, ERS-1 and ERS-2 missions provided more accurate lake water level estimates than the TOPEX/Poseidon mission. In contrast, for large lakes, TOPEX/Poseidon is a better option due to its lower data missing rate and shorter repeat cycle. GeoSat and GeoSat Follow-On (GFO) both have an extremely high data missing rate of lake water level estimates. Although several contemporary radar altimetry missions provide more accurate lake level estimates than GFO, GeoSat was the sole radar altimetry mission, between 1985 and 1990, that provided the lake water level estimates. With a full consideration of the performance and the operational duration, the best strategy for constructing long-term lake water level records should be a two-step bias correction and normalization procedure. In the first step, use Jason-2 as the initial reference to estimate the systematic biases with TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and Jason-3 and then normalize them to form a consistent TOPEX/Poseidon–Jason series. Then, use the TOPEX/Poseidon–Jason series as the reference to estimate and remove systematic biases with other radar altimetry missions to construct consistent long-term lake water level series for ungauged lakes.
Norwegian hindcast archive (NORA3) – A validation of offshore wind resources in the North Sea and Norwegian Sea
Authors: Solbrekke Ida Marie , Sorteberg Asgeir , Haakenstad Hilde
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A new high-resolution (3 km) numerical mesoscale weather simulation spanning the period 2004–2018 is validated for offshore wind power purposes for the North Sea and Norwegian Sea. The NORwegian hindcast Archive (NORA3) was created by dynamical downscaling, forced with state-of-the-art hourly atmospheric reanalysis as boundary conditions. A validation of the simulated wind climatology has been carried out to determine the ability of NORA3 to act as a tool for planning future offshore wind power installations. Special emphasis is placed on evaluating offshore wind power-related metrics and the impact of simulated wind speed deviations on the estimated wind power and the related variability. The general conclusion of the validation is that the NORA3 data is rather well suited for wind power estimates, but gives slightly conservative estimates on the offshore wind metrics. Wind speeds are typically 5 % (0.5 ms−1) lower than observed wind speeds, giving an underestimation of offshore wind power of 10 %–20 % (equivalent to an underestimation of 3 percentage point in the capacity factor), for a selected turbine type and hub height. The model is biased towards lower wind power estimates because of overestimation of the frequency of low-speed wind events (< 10 ms−1) and underestimation of high-speed wind events (> 10 ms−1). The hourly wind speed and wind power variability are slightly underestimated in NORA3. However, the number of hours with zero power production (around 12 % of the time) is fairly well captured, while the duration of each of these events is slightly overestimated, leading to 25-year return values for zero-power duration being too high for four of the six sites. The model is relatively good at capturing spatial co-variability in hourly wind power production among the sites. However, the observed decorrelation length was estimated to be 432 km, whereas the model-based length was 19 % longer.
Criminal Life Courses in Context
Authors: Muurling Sanne , Walhout Evelien
Published: April 2021

The future of the Historical Sample of the Netherlands (HSN) will certainly include the enrichment of the foundational database with additional, new sources of information. In general, the HSN would highly benefit from current mass digitization projects involving citizen science. This essay proposes a pilot in linking 19th- and early 20th-century criminal records to HSN. In spite of the extensive state and parish registration documenting individual and family lives in close systematic detail, life course approaches to historical crime are less common. The large datasets necessary to conduct longitudinal life course research into deviant behaviour will facilitate both the analysis of criminality as an event and the scrutiny of the trajectories of individuals' lives leading up to their involvement in crime.
Reflections on the Intermediate Data Structure (IDS)
Authors: Alter George
Published: April 2021

The Intermediate Data Structure (IDS) encourages sharing historical life course data by storing data in a common format. To encompass the complexity of life histories, IDS relies on data structures that are unfamiliar to most social scientists. This article examines four features of IDS that make it flexible and expandable: the Entity-Attribute-Value model, the relational database model, embedded metadata, and the Chronicle file. I also consider IDS from the perspective of current discussions about sharing data across scientific domains. We can find parallels to IDS in other fields that may lead to future innovations.
The Rhythm of Conceptions. Seasonality of Births in Taiwan and the Netherlands, 1800–1940
Authors: Engelen Theo
Published: April 2021

The seasonality of births provides us with insights into the economic, cultural, and biological effects on the private lives of our predecessors in time. This comparison between two culturally very different societies results in the conclusion that there is an amazing geographic and historical stability in the patterns of seasonality in conceptions, both in Taiwan and in the Netherlands. Economic and cultural variables only have a minor influence. The fact that a biological variable like temperature is so dominant in the Taiwanese case suggests that future studies may benefit from focusing more on the biological determinants of human behaviour.
Medicalisation of Birth in Transylvania in the Second Half of the 19th Century. A Subject to be Investigated
Authors: Dumănescu Luminiţa , Bolovan Ioan
Published: April 2021

The role played by midwives during modernity deserves increased attention. Ethnic and confessional minorities often displayed starkly different patterns in the selection of these instrumental figures. More than that, the differences between the official reports and the community behavior recorded at ground level suggest a major gap between theory and practice. In theory, the province of Transylvania was well provided with medical care, midwives included. Data collected into the Historical Population Database of Transylvania reveals the fact that most women were assisted at birth by handywomen, the traditional, unskilled midwives. A research tool like a historical population database could help the scholars to address the issue of birth medicalisation, starting from the main research question: can we discuss the medicalisation of birth given that more than half of the women assisted in the delivery of just one child?
КОБЫЗОВАЯ МУЗЫКА КАЗАХОВ ЭПИЧЕСКОЙ ТРАДИЦИИ
Authors: Ергалиева А.Т , Қиякбаев С.Г
Published: April 2021

Эпическое наследие казахского народа, являясь одной из составляющих художественной картины прошлого, отражает стержневые константы социально-политических и мироотношенческих аспектов в многовековой истории номадов. В образцах, сохранившихся на сегодняшний день, нашли выразительное претворение морально-этические, героико-патриотические и социально-бытовые мотивы, определившие впоследствии свою нравственно-воспитательную функцию в установлении ценностных ориентиров в мировоззрении каждого индивидуума общества тюркской цивилизации. Благодаря всеохватности в концентрированном выражении основных духовных категорий бытия, эпическое наследие казахов занимает достойное место в литературном контексте мировой сокровищницы. Исследования по эпосу российских и казахстанских ученых обусловило необходимость предварительного обзора их трудов в хронологической и типологической дифференциации (В.Я.Пропп, Е.М.Мелетинский, В.М.Жирмунский, Ш.Ибраев, А.Коныратбаев, Р.Бердыбай и др.).
ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ МЕХАНИЗМА ВНЕШНЕЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СВЯЗЕЙ В ПАРТНЕРСТВЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО И ЧАСТНОГО СЕКТОРА
Authors: САТТАРОВА ХИЛОЛА БУРХАНОВНА
Published: April 2021

В работе рассматриваются вопросы государственно-частного партнерства как одного из наиболее эффективных способов решения вопросов внешнеэкономических отношений в мире, уделяется внимание реализации инвестиционных проектов на основе государственно-частного партнерства, а также анализируется состояние механизма внешнеэкономических связей в мире и приводятся некоторые рекомендации по решению этих проблем.
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: KHALIKOVA LOLA NAZAROVNA
Published: April 2021

This article shows that an innovative and digital economy is one of the important factors in increasing the country's competitiveness and prosperity in the international arena. The economic development of Uzbekistan in the context of the globalization of the world economy and technological development is difficult to imagine without the rapid growth of the digital economy.
«АНТИФОРМАЛИСТИЧЕСКИЙ РАЁК» ДМИТРИЯ ШОСТАКОВИЧА В ИНСТРУМЕНТОВКЕ БОРИСА ТИЩЕНКО
Authors: СЕРОВ ЮРИЙ ЭДУАРДОВИЧ
Published: April 2021

В статье анализируется партитура выдающегося отечественного композитора второй половины ХХ века Бориса Ивановича Тищенко. Будучи учеником, сподвижником и другом Дмитрия Дмитриевича Шостаковича, он в 1989 году первым оркестровал его «подпольную» кантату «Антиформалистический раек».
COMMUNICATION CULTURE AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF MODERN SCHOOL DIRECTORS
Authors: SHONAZAROV ASROR MAKHMAISOYEVICH
Published: April 2021

The scientific article envisages a comprehensive development of communication culture and socio-psychological professional competence of school principals in the management process on the basis of modern approaches.
ДИЗАЙН И АРХИТЕКТУРА КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЕСТВОВАНИЯ В ИГРОВОМ ВИРТУАЛЬНОМ МИРЕ
Authors: ЛАРИЦКАЯ МАРИЯ ГЕРМАНОВНА
Published: April 2021

В данной статье изучаются роль и степень влияния дизайна и архитектуры на повествование в видеоиграх. Это важно для большего понимания вопроса «чем является нарративный дизайн и какое воплощение он может иметь в играх». Для этого рассматривается три проекта, совершенно по-разному использующие окружение. Данный подход позволяет выявить ценность дизайна архитектуры как визуального языка повествования. В результате автор приходит к мысли, что окружение не только служит инструментом погружения игрока в созданный виртуальный мир, но и является выразительным средством. Окружение может в разной степени опираться на исторические, мифические и другие источники, позволяя ему служить для аллегорического усиления эмоций и событий в повествовании. The article examines the role and degree of design and architecture on videogame story. It is important to better understand the question «What is a narrative design, and how can it be implemented in games». For this purpose author explores three projects that use enviroment in different ways. This approach allows to find out importance of architectural design as a visual language for storytelling. Author concludes that environment is not only a way of immersing the player to a virtual world, but may act as expressive means. Environment can in varying degree be based on historical, mythical or other sources, allowing it to serve to allegorically reinforce emotions and events in a narrative.
ЧТО ПИСАЛИ ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЕ УЧАСТНИКИ ОРЕНБУРГСКОЙ ЭКСПЕДИЦИИ О КАРАКАЛПАКАХ XVIII В.?
Authors: САПАРНИЯЗОВ АЗИЗБЕК ТУРГАНБАЕВИЧ
Published: April 2021

В данной статье предпринята попытка проанализировать работы европейских участников Оренбургской экспедиции, в целях выяснения истории каракалпаков 18 века. Определены основные направления интересов немецких и английских исследователей. Приводятся некоторые фрагменты касательно этнонима и политической истории каракалпаков.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERILAKU SEKSUAL PADA MAHASISWA REKAM MEDIS STIKES KHARISMA PERSADA
Authors: Setyaningsih Putri Handayani , Saputri Olivia Maharani
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang hasil survey demografi dan kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012 untuk kesehatan reproduksi remaja menujukan bahwa pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi belum dapat memadai. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dan pola asuh orang tua terhadap perilaku seksual berisiko pada Mahasiswa STIKes Kharisma Persada. Metode penelitian dengan mengunakan pendekatan cross sectional yaitu diambil bersamaan dalam satu waktu. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 92 Mahasiswa Rekam Medik STIKes Kharisma Persada. Pengumpulan data dilakukan mengunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis bivariat menunjukan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000 sehingga menunjukan bahwa hubungan bermakna atau hipotesis nol ditolak yang artinya ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku seksual pada Mahasiswa Rekam Medis STIKes Kharisma Persada sebesar -0,800 yang menunjukan kekuatan kuat dan arah korelasi negatif, artinya semakin tinggi pengetahuan semakin rendah perilaku seksual dan berdasarkan analisis bivariat menunjukan nilai signifikan sebesar 0,684 yang menunjukan adanya korelasi tidak mempunyai makna atau hipotesis nol diterima yang artinya tidak adanya hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua terhadap perilaku seksual Mahasiswa Rekam Medis di STIKes Kharisma Persada sebesar -0,60 yang menunjukan kekuatan kuat dan arah korelasi negatif, artinya semakin tinggi pola asuh orang tuamaka semakin rendah perilaku seksual. Kesimpulan dan saran diharapkanjika dapat memberi pengetahuan lebih tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan meningkatkan pemahanan bahwa kesehatan reproduksi itu penting
STUDI KUALITATIF PERSEPSI DAN PERILAKU PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN INFEKSI MENULAR SEKSUAL DAN HIV/AIDS DI BOGOR
Authors: Romlah Siti Novy , Andriati Riris , Utama Mahfuj Putra
Published: April 2021

LatarBelakang : Infeksi menular seksual (IMS) dapat meningkatkan risiko terinfeksi Human Immunodefficiency Virus (HIV), oleh karena itu seseorang yang sudah terkena IMS akan lebih mudah tertular HIV terutama pada pekerja seks komersial (PSK). Dari tahun 2014 sampai tahun 2017 di Bogor kasus IMS dan HIV/AIDS lebih banyak disebabkan karena penularan dari PSK yang sudah tertular IMS dan HIV/AIDS. Sepanjang tahun 2017 sampai tahun 2018 Sudah lebih dari 554 penderita HIV/AIDS yang terdata di Bogor. Tujuan : Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persepsi dan perilaku pekerja seks komersial dalam upaya pencegahan infeksi menular seksual dan HIV/AIDS dengan menggunakan teori Health Belief Model di bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan snowball sampling. Informan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah PSK yang berjumlah 5 orang. Hasil : Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwafaktor pendorong menjalani pekerjaan sebagai PSK adalah karena ekonomi dan liltan hutang, pengetahuan para PSK saat rendah terhadap pencegahan infeksi menular seksual dan HIV/AIDS, keseluruhan PSK menyadari persepsi tentang manfaat upaya mencegahan tapi hanya sedikit melakukan pemeriksaan ke tim medis, persepsi kesadaran diri terhadap IMS dan HIV/AIDS sangat kurang karena para PSK tidak mempermasalahkan konsumen tidak menggunakan kondom saaat behubungan intim. Kesimpulan : Karakteristik PSK, Informan berkisar dari yang paling muda berumur 25 tahun dan yang paling tua berumur 36 tahun, 3 informan bekerja sebagai PSK selama 1 – 6 bulan. Selain dari informan tersebut lama bekerjasebagai PSK selama 2 – 4 tahun, 5 informan berstatus janda, Seluruh informan memiliki tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Faktor pendorong para informan menjalani pekerjaan sebagai pekerja seks komersial adalah karena faktor ekonomi.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PEKERJA PT. PLN SAWANGAN (BAGIAN PELAYANAN TEKNIK)
Authors: Indah Fenita Purnama Sari , Maelaningsih Firdha Senja , Febriyanti Nabila
Published: April 2021

Kelelahan kerja menyebabkan kasus kecelakaan kerja dan berakibat dua juta pekerja meninggal dunia hampir setiap tahunnya.  Selain itu, data menyebutkan bahwa sebanyak 32,8% atau sekitar 18.828 kasus dari  58.115 sampel dinyatakan kelelahan kerja. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi determinan variabel independen (umur, shift kerja, masa kerja waktu istirahat dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dengan variabel dependen yaitu kelelahan kerja pada pekerja di PT PLN.  Penelitian ini berupa penelitian analitik, menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif serta desain cross sectional yang menggunakan data primer. Sampel pada penelitian ini merupakan seluruh pekerja di bagian pelayanan teknik PT. PLN (Persero) Sawangan berjumlah 45 pekerja, dengan teknik total sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian frekuensi kelelahan pada pekerja pelayanan teknik PT. PLN (Persero) Sawangan, sebagian besar mengalami kelelahan kerja tinggi yaitu sebanyak 82,2%. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat dapat diketahui bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur (p value=0,037), masa kerja (p value=0,000), dan waktu istirahat (p value=0,000), dengan kelelahan kerja dan diketahui tidak ada` hubungan yang signifikan antara shift kerja (p value=0,469) dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) (p value=0,156) dengan kelelahan kerja. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, untuk dapat mengurangi kelelahan kerja disarankan bagi pekerja untuk mengoptimalkan  dan memanfaatkan waktu istirahat yang sudah diberikan. Selain itu, pada saat sela-sela pekerjaannya, disarankan untuk meregangkan otot.
Shame, shaming and economy: A theory of image-based sexual abuse within different online sharing environments
Authors: Jørgensen Kathrine Elmose , Demant Jakob
Published: April 2021

Since 2014, non-consensual sharing of intimate images online has gained attention in the scientific community. Little literature exists on why and how perpetrators undertake these activities. This paper provides a theoretical and conceptual typology for different forms of image-based sexual abuse that unfold online within two different sharing environments: 1) an acquaintance-based environment; and, 2) an organized, anonymous environment. The empirical data consist of nine qualitative interviews with Danish perpetrators (aged 15–25 years) from both sharing environments and 12 months of extensive digital ethnography on dark Web pages. Our findings suggest that digital sexual abuse can be conceptualized in relation to two factors, namely, 1) the market structure of the activity; and, 2) the sharers’ feelings of acknowledged and unacknowledged shame. We find that especially sharers from organized, anonymous environments show signs of unacknowledged shame through shaming exposed ones, while sharers from acquaintance-based environments retrospectively acknowledge shame by recognizing the negative consequences their sharing praxis had to the abused.
How to survive a public faming: Understanding "The Spiciest Memelord" via the temporal dynamics of involuntary celebrification
Authors: Chin Lillian
Published: April 2021

Online public shaming has gained recent popular and academic attention as the tools of networked life are used to enforce societal norms against perceived deviant behavior. However, these acts of non-consensual identity formation do not necessarily need to be negative in nature. Indeed, similar dynamics can occur when an individual’s behavior aligns with societal expectations — a positive incident of involuntary celebrification, which we call “public faming”. These public famings remain understudied within celebrity and microcelebrity studies, despite the fact that more and more ordinary people are being suddenly propelled to short-lived meme fame. This paper seeks to understand the effect on individuals who are non-consensually elevated into the public eye by expanding our understanding of celebrification beyond a simple linear progression from not-famous to microcelebrity to celebrity. As a case study for this new framework, the author performs an autoethnography of her own experience from winning a trivia game show with an Internet-savvy answer, simultaneously giving extremely fleeting mainstream televised fame and viral internet fame. Our new framework of celebrity temporal dynamics allows us to not only understand how a person’s identity can be transformed into a media object subjected to corporations’ and strangers’ manipulations. We also introduce the tool of “radical reciprocity” to help victims of public faming understand potential paths for them to reclaim their narrative.