bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
India Towards a Cashless Economy
Authors: Pal Abhinav , Tiwari Chandan Kumar , Khandelwal Tarun
Published: November 2018

This chapter briefly discusses the impact and policy implications of demonetization across the world. The main focus of the chapter is on the demonetization that occurred in India on 8th November 2016. The event is important due to the surprise effect and also due to the huge scale of impact that it had on the economy. The authors make a case for the demonetization from the policymaker's point of view. This chapter will introduce how demonetization has impacted the business sector as well as the financial sector of the economy. The aim of the chapter is not to estimate the impact of demonetization on the economy as whole but rather to discuss the impact of the policy on the different sectors of the economy and different stakeholders of the economy. This chapter would also explore demonetization as a policy tool for tax evasion and corruption. Finally, this chapter will introduce the concept of cashless economies around the world and whether it will be possible for the Indian economy to become a cashless economy anytime in the near future.
Evaluating Emerging Indian Retail Scenario
Authors: Pande Shivali , Narayan Aishwarya
Published: November 2018

Globalization seems to have achieved ultimate penetration—the plethora of choice a consumer faces in any given product or service is only a testament to the fact. Worldwide, consumers are presented the options to choose between store brands (or generic/local brands, as they are sometimes known) and national brands. The choices consumers make are reflective of their perceptions about either brand and thus provide an insight into the perceived risks that consumers associate with store or national brands. This risk creates an uncertainty of consumer base and threatens the stability of market shares for brands. The chapter aims to study the various perceived risks consumers associate with brands across two product categories: consumer goods and hedonic goods. Consequently, solutions to change consumer perceptions or brand strategies have been provided so that brands may be able to reduce perceived risk associated with themselves and create a stable consumer base.
Factors Affecting Learner Collaboration in 3D Virtual Worlds
Authors: Kozlova Iryna
Published: November 2018

This chapter explores factors affecting learner collaboration by observing the performance of eight English as a foreign language (EFL) learners collaborating on tasks in a 3D virtual world (3D VW) over a period of six weeks. Students used an audio channel to interact with their peers and a text-based channel to make notes on a collaboration board. Their performance was recorded using Camtasia Relay, a screen-capture software, and then transcribed. Data analysis revealed that students' collaboration skills improved over time. The factors that facilitated collaboration included (1) learners and instructors' familiarity with 3D VWs, (2) learners' familiarity with the format of the learning activity, (3) learners' experience with the spontaneous use of the second language (L2), and (4) instructors' use of pedagogical techniques that facilitated collaboration. These results suggest that for students to benefit from collaborative learning, both learners and instructors need to be prepared for this type of instruction.
An Exploration of Using Audio Recorded Speaking Tasks With VoiceThread for L2 Oral Proficiency Development
Authors: Lee Lina
Published: November 2018

The chapter explores how the use of voice recordings with VoiceThread facilitates and enhances the development of language learners' oral proficiency. Data from voice recordings, post-surveys, reflective essays, and final interviews were collected and analyzed. The findings showed that students engaged in sharing and exchanging L2 knowledge with their peers in a virtual multimodal environment. Asynchronous discussions allowed them more time for critical reflection on the content. Most students became more confident in their speaking. In addition, linguistic feedback provided by the instructor helped students improve language accuracy. The study suggests that allocating sufficient time to reflect on the content, making personal commitment to online contributions, and increasing instructor intervention to facilitate student participation in online interaction are essential to maximize the potential of VoiceThread to build learners' oral proficiency.
Improve Business Results by Learning From Experience in Proactive Reviews
Authors: Kolbaek Ditte
Published: November 2018

This chapter aims to provide a theoretically based and proven educational design for lessons learned. Called a proactive review, this educational design is exemplified in a case study of a global information technology company classified as big business, where proactive reviews were developed and implemented in over 40 countries. This chapter explores how employees who solve a task together can learn from the experience and share this learning with relevant colleagues to improve work practices, services, and/or products. This chapter describes the format of proactive reviews, suggestions for starting points called PR triggers, and the four roles involved—the participant, sponsor, top management, and facilitator. The tangible and intangible results of proactive reviews are presented with their impacts on the participants, their teams, and the organization's products, services, and/or work practices. Finally, the chapter provides recommendations for implementing and maintaining proactive reviews in organizations.
Monster Mischief
Authors: Godwin Karrie E. , Lomas Derek , Koedinger Ken R. , Fisher Anna V.
Published: November 2018

Selective sustained attention, or the ability to allocate perceptual and mental resources to a single object or event, is an important cognitive ability widely assumed to be required for learning. Assessing young children's selective sustained attention is challenging due to the limited number of sensitive and developmentally appropriate performance-based measures. Furthermore, administration of existing assessments is difficult, as children's engagement with such tasks wanes quickly. One potential solution is to provide assessments within an engaging environment, such as a video game. This chapter reports the design and psychometric validation of a video game (Monster Mischief) designed to assess selective sustained attention in preschool children. In a randomized controlled trial, the authors demonstrate that Monster Mischief is significantly correlated with an existing measure of selective sustained attention (rs ≥ 0.52), and more motivating for young children as almost three times more children preferred Monster Mischief to the existing measure.
An Extended Study on Training and Physical Exercise in Esports
Authors: Kari Tuomas , Siutila Miia , Karhulahti Veli-Matti
Published: November 2018

This chapter is an extended revision of the authors' earlier study (2016) on the training routines of professional and high-level esport players, with added focus on their physical exercise. The study is methodologically mixed with a quantitative survey sample (n=115) and a qualitative interview sample (n=7). Based on this data, high-level esport players train approximately 5.28 hours every day around the year, and professional esport players at least the same amount. Approximately 1.08 hours of that training is physical exercise. More than half (55.6%) of the professional and high-level esport players believe that integrating physical exercise into their training programs has a positive effect on esport performance; however, no less than 47.0% do the physical exercise chiefly to maintain their overall state of health. Accordingly, the study indicates that professional and high-level esport players are physically active as well: those of age 18 and older exercising more than three times the daily 21-minute physical activity recommendation given by the World Health Organization.
Marketing of Peace of Demarketing of War?
Authors: Nastase Carmen , Alami Touria Neggady , Taleb Zakaria Ait , El Farouki Mounia
Published: November 2018

The marketing of peace has been of great impact during the previous century and the first two decades of the 21st. From famous songs to international institutions, the efforts to establish peace as a universal value were multiple. Marketing tools are the main approach to achieve this goal. Yet marketing peace can take more than one form, as demarketing war is also used to prepare people to reject it and pressure governments to take more peaceful measures to keep their interests. The rise of social media and viral videos has played an important role in raising the awareness against war and other kinds of violence. Therefore, this research aims at testing the impact of those videos on their target groups. To achieve this goal, the researchers study the impact of emotional and objective videos about the war in Syria to assess their impact on their analysis of the situation. As a key finding, the two groups had different approaches depending on the video introducing the topic, one more centered on politics and another giving a more humanitarian analysis.
Marketing for Conflict Transformation
Authors: van Sluijs Fred R. , Gisolf Marinus C. , Ambrosius Arno
Published: November 2018

When in 2016 the Colombian peace agreement was signed between the FARC-EP and the Colombian government, the hope was created to finish a chapter of cruel internal violence leaving close to 300,000 deaths in 50 years of conflict. The peace process, which is still continuing, incorporated a wide range of visions, approaches, political stands, gender issues on poverty in all its destructive dynamics. The European Union's decision at the beginning of the 21st century to help stimulate a peace process from the bottom upwards through so-called peace laboratories is analyzed, and their development, their success, and their limitations are followed in an attempt to shed light on the triangular relationship between people in conflict, peace, and the mechanisms that can connect the two.
Fabrication of N-Type Silicon Nanowire Biosensor for Sub-10-Femtomolar Concentration of Immunoglobulin
Authors: Tomoya Tashiro , Zhang Hui , Oshima Kakeru , Sakurai Yuya , Suzuki Takaaki , Ohshima Noriyasu , Izumi Takashi , Sone Hayato
Published: November 2018

A simple fabrication process of an n-type silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensor for sub-10 femtomolar (fM) concentration immunoglobulin detection was presented in this work. The SiNWs with different widths of 80-190 nm were fabricated using electron beam lithography and reaction ion etching techniques. The electrical characteristics of SiNWs with various widths were measured. And it can be observed that thin SiNW has high resistance, which is in agreement with electrical resistance theory. Furthermore, the surface of the fabricated SiNW was functionalized by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane for making the biosensor device to detect the binding of immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules. The responsivity of the biosensor was investigated by observing electrical performance in response due to IgG with various concentration from 6 fM to 600 nanomolar (nM). The resistance changing ratio based on the current voltage (I-V) characteristics was analyzed and it increased with increasing of the IgG concentration. As a result, it demonstrated that the n-type SiNW biosensor has the ability to detect the IgG molecules with low concentration of 6 fM.
Photoluminescence Properties of Yb and Ag Co-Doped Ta2O5 Thin Films
Authors: Kanakubo Masahiro , Miura Kenta , Shimada Keisuke , Fujii Ryosuke , Noguchi Katsuya , Kada Wataru , Hanaizumi Osamu
Published: November 2018

We prepared ytterbium and silver co-doped tantalum-oxide (Ta2O5:Yb,Ag) thin films using a simple co-sputtering method and evaluated photoluminescence (PL) properties of the films after annealing. We found that a PL peak at a wavelength of 980 nm due to Yb3+ can be strongly enhanced by Ag doping. From X-ray diffraction measurements, we found that Ag2Ta8O21 and orthorhombic Ta2O5 crystalline phases are very important in order to enhance the 980-nm peak observed from our Ta2O5:Yb,Ag thin films. Because of the human-body transmittability of the 980-nm wavelength, such films are applicable to a novel real-time X-ray dosimeter system.
Effects of Directional Hearing Aid Settings on Different Laboratory Measures of Spatial Awareness Perception
Authors: Lundbeck Micha , Grimm Giso , Hohmann Volker , Bramsløw Lars , Neher Tobias
Published: November 2018

Hearing loss can negatively influence the spatial hearing abilities of hearing-impaired listeners, not only in static but also in dynamic auditory environments. Therefore, ways of addressing these deficits with advanced hearing aid algorithms need to be investigated. In a previous study based on virtual acoustics and a computer simulation of different bilateral hearing aid fittings, we investigated auditory source movement detectability in older hearing- impaired (OHI) listeners. We found that two directional processing algorithms could substantially improve the detectability of left-right and near-far source movements in the presence of reverberation and multiple interfering sounds. In the current study, we carried out similar measurements with a loudspeaker-based setup and wearable hearing aids. We fitted a group of 15 OHI listeners with bilateral behind-the-ear devices that were programmed to have three different directional processing settings. Apart from source movement detectability, we assessed two other aspects of spatial awareness perception. Using a street scene with up to five environmental sound sources, the participants had to count the number of presented sources or to indicate the movement direction of a single target signal. The data analyses showed a clear influence of the number of concurrent sound sources and the starting position of the moving target signal on the participants’ performance, but no influence of the different hearing aid settings. Complementary artificial head recordings showed that the acoustic differences between the three hearing aid settings were rather small. Another explanation for the lack of effects of the tested hearing aid settings could be that the simulated street scenario was not sufficiently sensitive. Possible ways of improving the sensitivity of the laboratory measures while maintaining high ecological validity and complexity are discussed.
Penetrating cardiac stab wounds: A case report with management algorithm and review of the literature
Authors: Grande Antonino M. , Antonacci Filippo , Aseni Paolo
Published: November 2018

A 57-year-old man attempted a suicide self-inflicting multiple scissors stab wounds in the chest. At the scene, Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) showed an important left pleural effusion and pericardial fluid. Computed Tomography Angiography confirmed the pericardial effusion. The patient underwent immediate surgery. Three epicardial wounds of the anterior surface of the right ventricle were identified, one of which was actively bleeding. The lesion was sutured, the patient recovered uneventfully, and on the sixth postoperative day was transferred to a psychiatric unit. At 6-month follow-up, he is doing well and has returned to work. We discuss the importance of FAST for an early diagnosis of chest penetrating trauma leading to a rapid life-saving cardiac procedure and propose a clinical-based protocol for the management of patients with suspected penetrating cardiac injury which we have applied in our service for last six years. Midline sternotomy should be considered the incision of choice in patients with penetrating trauma in the cardiac box with evidence of injury to the heart and great vessels. Emergency Department Thoracotomy can be a possible option for those patients with impending cardiac arrest despite adequate resuscitation.
A case of lockjaw in the emergency department
Authors: Marullo Giulia , Bottani Giulia Maria , Guerrieri Rossella , Basile Adriano , Aseni Paolo , Bellone Andrea
Published: November 2018

Tetanus with cephalic involvement is not a typical presentation of the disease; characteristic signs and symptoms are strictly localized in cranial district, although it could frequently progress to the classical generalized form. Tetanus is still spread worldwide, especially in particular subgroups as elderly and newborn babies and in countries with an inadequate vaccine coverage.We report a case of an adult man with generalized tetanus with cephalic presentation in Emergency Department. We aim to outline how difficult it was to diagnose in an adult patient without apparent exposition of previous minimal trauma or injury because of a lot of confusing factors and slow progressing clinical signs. Prompt recognition of signs and symptoms, opportune target therapy and supportive care, in association with correct vaccination schedule, are paramount to determine the prognosis for affected patients.
Critical issues of Emergency Medicine organization in Italy
Authors: Coen Daniele , Casagranda Ivo
Published: November 2018

Not available.
Comparison of different methods to overexpress large genes
Authors: Ramos Aline Lisie , Niemann Fernanda Soares , Duarte Adriana Silva Santos , Ferro Karla Priscila , Santos Irene , Bigarella Carolina Louzão , Filareto Antonio , Olalla Saad Sara Teresinha
Published: November 2018

Gain-of-function of very large transgene constructs can lead to genetic perturbations, providing researchers with the alternative of a powerful tool to identify pathway components which remain undetected when using traditional loss-of-function analysis. To promote longer-term expression, various systems for transgene integration have been developed, however large cDNA sequences are often difficult to clone into size-limited expression vectors. We attempted to overexpress ARHGAP21, a 5.874 kb gene, using different methodologies as plasmid, lentiviral and Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon based gene transfer. Using lentiviral based transduction; an enormous amount of lentiviral supernatant was produced to obtain a satisfactory titration after double ultracentrifugation. However, U937 transduced cells showed only 50% of gene expression increase, which vanished after 5 days. SB transposon system application to overexpress ARHGAP21 was a complete success. Nucleofecting SB-based vector plus SB100x transposase vector resulted in an expressive increase of gene and protein expression. Furthermore, the overexpression was maintained even after freezing and thawing processes. In conclusion, our work shows that the SB transposon system is the best choice for those seeking a stable and high gene expression. Once the overexpression is achieved, freezing cells and using them for a long time becomes possible.
Statistical analysis of a survey about diffusion of binge drinking and drunkorexia among students in Palermo
Authors: Venturella Fabio , Cancellieri Giulia , Giammanco Marco , Liga Anastasia Valentina
Published: November 2018

Youth alcohol consumption is a major global public health concern. Previous reviews have concluded that exposure to alcohol marketing was associated with drinking initiation and higher alcohol consumption among youth. From January to May 2017, a survey has been conducted through administration of questionnaires about the diffusion of Binge Drinking and Drunkorexia among the students of Palermo. Test was administered, during school time, to 2331 students between the ages of 13 and 20. Regarding the analysis of the questionnaires, 97,8% of student declares to have drunk at least once: their first taste of alcoholic drink happens at the age of thirteen/fourteen. They prefer to drink at the disco or pub (48% disco; 22% pub) on Friday and Saturday evening (92%). 52% of students also declare to associate alcohol to cigarette smoking. Another important statistic is that 736 girls and 61 boys declare to prefer to restrict food intake in order to consume greater quantities of alcohol and to avoid weight gain. In order to evaluate youth alcohol consumption in a different contest, it was created an online survey thanks to Google forms. This study involved 500 young people from Palermo between the ages of 19 and 30. The extrapolation of data confirmed the same results of the questionnaires on paper. In this test, however, it was also evaluated the spreading of drink-driving (68,5%). The present survey suggests that there is an expansion of such practices in young population. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adopt measures of information and prevention to reduce territorial diffusion.
SMALL MOLECULES SOLVING BIG PROBLEMS: PRESENT AND FUTURE OF DRUG DISCOVERY
Authors: Fallacara Anna Lucia , Tris Iuni Margaret Laura , Belfiore Amalia , Botta Maurizio
Published: November 2018

The Drug development process has undergone a great change over the years. The way, from haphazard discovery of new natural products with a potent biological activity to a rational design of small molecule effective against a selected target, has been long and sprinkled with difficulties. The oldest drug development models are widely perceived as opaque and inefficient, with the cost of research and development continuing to rise even if the production of new drugs remains constant. The present paper, will give an overview of the principles, approaches, processes, and status of drug discovery today with an eye towards the past and the future.
YOUR BRAIN ON NARRATION
Authors: Cappa Stefano F.
Published: November 2018

The study of the brain mechanisms involved in narrative production and comprehension has made significant progress in the last decade. The paper reviews some of the available evidence, focusing on functional imaging studies aimed to assess brain activity in normal subjects, while they listen to narratives or watching movies. The complex brain networks engaged by these complex tasks extend beyond the classical language areas, by involving the right hemisphere and hippocampal structures. These results provide initial insights into the mechanisms involved in narrative cohesion, situation model construction and distinction/integration of narrative elements.
Annual scientific meeting 19 June 2017
Authors: V.V. A.A.
Published: November 2018

Not available
[MADNESS, POETRY, TESTAMENT IN “LE LIBERE DONNE DI MAGLIANO” (THE FREE WOMEN OF MAGLIANO) BY MARIO TOBINO]
Authors: Marzi Andrea , Ricci Francesco
Published: November 2018

[A psychoanalyst, Andrea Marzi, and a literary critic, Francesco Ricci, each from his specific perspective, take the reader by the hand leading him to experience this classical novel of 20th Century literature. The novel describes, with great cultural awareness, a tragedy of modern humanity; the anxiety, the turmoil, and the suffering, of those immersed in mental illness in our society. The book draws a deep, intense picture, mostly of women living in a psychiatric hospital. This hospital is partly a place of phantasy and partly a mixture of the many such hospitals well known to Tobino, who has been the director of a psychiatric hospital for many years. The authors try to connect their knowledge and experience to initiate a two-way conversation about this novel. Each voice in this conversation has its own autonomy, but they are never the less interwoven, with the hope of providing the reader with a denser and more intense impression than could be obtained from only a single vantage point].
A new stocking compression system with a low well-defined resting pressure and a high working pressure
Authors: Nilsson Andreas , Lundh Torbjörn
Published: November 2018

Not available
Athletic Trainers' Effect on Population Health: Improving Access to and Quality of Care
Authors: Shanley Ellen , Thigpen Charles A. , Chapman Cole G. , Thorpe John , Gilliland Robert G. , Sease W. Franklin
Published: November 2018

Context

The scope of athletic training practice combined with the magnitude of scholastic athletic injuries means that the scholastic athletic trainer (AT) is uniquely positioned to positively affect the overall health care of this population. The AT is equipped to serve in the prevention and primary management of injuries and return to activity of scholastic athletes. However, to optimize the musculoskeletal health of all athletes within a given setting, the gaps in clinical care must be continuously evaluated. Quality improvement (QI) approaches are often used to establish a framework for delivering care that promotes the best health status of the targeted population.

Objective

To describe the creation, implementation, and early results of a QI initiative aimed at advancing the health of the scholastic athletes served in the Greenville County, South Carolina, school district.

Design

Cohort study.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 49 793 athletes.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The QI framework consisted of a process that documented the magnitude of athletic injuries, established risk factors for injury, defined intervention steps for at-risk athletes, and evaluated the QI process before and after implementation. The results were regularly reported to participating stakeholders, including ATs, athletic directors, coaches, parents, and athletes.

Results

After the QI process, injury rates decreased (absolute risk difference between the 2011–2012 and 2016–2017 academic years = 22%) and resources were more strategically allocated, which resulted in a decrease in health care costs of more than 50%.

Conclusions

Collectively, the QI framework as described provides a systematic process for empowering the AT as the foundation of the scholastic sports medicine team.
Bone morphogenetic protein in the repair of cerebrospinal fluid leak after transsphenoidal surgery
Authors: Slavnic Dejan , Cook Richard , Bahoura Matthew , Paik Gijong , Tong Doris , Houseman Clifford , Barrett Ryan , Soo Teck-Mun
Published: November 2018

Background: Recurrent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak carries significant morbidity. We sought to demonstrate that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) use is effective and safe for the repair of recurrent CSF leak after a transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection (TSPTR). Materials and Methods: We reviewed charts and radiographic data of consecutive patients who underwent BMP repair of recurrent CSF leak after TSPTR from January 2010 to June 2015 and who failed previous multilayer closure. We detailed the technique for constructing and placing a BMP-DuraGen patch for the repair. The primary variables include postoperative computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI) evidence of ectopic bone growth or inflammation, newly diagnosed systemic neoplasm within 1 year, and recurrent CSF leak. Secondary outcome is the length of stay after BMP repair. All patients were followed up radiographically and through phone interview. Results: Four patients underwent BMP repair of recurrent CSF leak after TSPTR. The average postoperative CT/MRI interval was 22 months. Postoperative CT/MRI revealed no ectopic bone formation or inflammatory changes around the site of BMP application. There was no recurrence of CSF leak or newly diagnosed neoplasm from both chart review and phone interview. Conclusions: We demonstrate that the use of BMP is a safe and an effective treatment in the repair of recurrent CSF leaks after TSPTR.
Role of diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging in predicting the histopathological grade of gliomas - A prospective study
Authors: Shoaib Yawar , Nayil Khursheed , Makhdoomi Rumana , Asma Abraq , Ramzan Altaf , Shaheen Feroze , Wani Abrar
Published: November 2018

Context: Gliomas are the most common brain tumors. In addition to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, a variety of new techniques offers more than the anatomic information. The new MRI techniques include perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and accuracy of diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI in the preoperative grading of gliomas. Setting/Design: The study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Pathology, and Radiodiagnosis, Sher-e-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir, India, which is the only tertiary care neurosurgical center in the state. It was a prospective study. Patients and Methods: Thirty-one consecutive patients with gliomas were included in the study. All the patients were evaluated by a standard conventional contrast-enhanced study on Siemens 1.5 Tesla MRI. In addition to the standard MRI, diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI were also performed. The histopathological grading of the tumor was done as per the WHO classification of 2007. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and accuracy of diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI in determining tumor grade were calculated. Comparison was done between PWI, DWI findings, and WHO histopathological grading. Analysis Method: The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Results: The overall sensitivity of PWI (with regional cerebral blood volume cutoff of 1.7) in the preoperative assessment of high-grade gliomas was 82.6% and specificity was 75%, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 90.48%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 60%. The overall accuracy was 80.65%. In case of DWI, the sensitivity was 69.57% and the specificity was 75%, and the PPV and NPVs were 88.8% and 46.15%, respectively. The overall accuracy was 71%. Conclusion: Our results clearly show higher accuracy of diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI in assessment of glioma grade as compared to conventional MRI. This information can prove very useful for the operating neurosurgeon in preoperative assessment and surgical planning. Postoperatively, the neuropathologist can also benefit from such information.
Surgical training for the management of intraoperative aneurysm rupture using a three-dimensional artificial model
Authors: Kumagai Kosuke , Mori Kentaro , Takeuchi Satoru , Wada Kojiro
Published: November 2018

Background: Intraoperative aneurysm rupture (IAR) is one of the most dreaded complications of microsurgical cerebral aneurysm clipping. The surgical result is directly affected by whether an operator can control IAR. However, the development of endovascular treatment has decreased the probability of exposure to this situation for neurosurgical residents. Therefore, neurovascular surgeons must develop the skills and mental attitude to deal with IAR through off-the-job training, without conducting actual operations. Materials and Methods: We have developed a tabletop training system using three-dimensional artificial modeling that can be used for daily clinical practice. Results and Conclusions: Our model is useful for training because of its low cost, reusability, and ease of preparation and practice.
A middle path in the surgical management of glomus jugulare: Lessons learnt from a short series
Authors: Pai Balaji , Bysani Pratham , Nagaraj Nagarjun
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Glomus jugulare are rare vascular tumors arising from the jugular bulb with intra- and extra-cranial extensions. Although considered benign, these tumors are locally invasive with involvement of critical neurovascular structures causing significant morbidity. Due to their highly vascular nature, they pose a challenge for surgeons. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective analysis of a short series of glomus jugulare managed in a tertiary state-run referral center. Subjects and Methods: Three patients (two females, one male) of ages ranging from 32 to 55 years were evaluated for glomus jugulare and surgically managed. In the first case, total petrosectomy after transposing the facial nerve, cerebellopontine angle exploration, neck dissection and infratemporal fossa approach including removal of the internal jugular vein were done. Case 2 and Case 3 were managed with subtotal resection. Radiotherapy (RT) for residual tumor was given in Case 2. Results: Case 1 had secondary hemorrhage on 8th postoperative day to which she succumbed on postoperative day 18. Case 2 and Case 3 have been comfortable with no fresh deficits after 36- and 6-month follow-up, respectively. Apart from this, the authors also enumerate the various “lessons” learnt from this series. Conclusion: Planned subtotal resection followed by RT or stereotactic radiosurgery for the residual tumor yields a better outcome with lower morbidity and mortality.
Adult achondroplasia patient with extensive long segment severe C1 to C6 segment spinal canal stenosis: Unique presentation
Authors: Satyarthee Guru , Grag Kanwaljit
Published: November 2018

Achondroplasia represents the common variety of skeletal dysplasia causing short-limb dwarfism. It may be associated with congenial craniovertebral junction anomaly, including atlantoaxial dislocation, Os odointoideum or basilar invagination or acquired as a result of the previous foramen magnum region surgery. However, long segment cervical compression from the first cervical vertebra region to sixth cervical region, such extensive compression producing myelopathy is not reported, and current case represents first case in the western literature. He was managed surgically with a good outcome. Perioperative management along with brief review of pertinent literature along with the management of such case is discussed in brief. Anesthetic management of such patient with coexisting extensive cervical compression presents unique challenges in view of the multisystem involvement along with preexisting anatomical and physiological constraints.
Large intradiploic growing skull fracture of the posterior fossa with syringomyelia
Authors: Naik Harish , Velho Vernon , Bhide Anuj , Guha Amrita
Published: November 2018

Growing skull fracture (GSF), also known as leptomeningeal cyst, is a rare but significant complication of pediatric head injury. It is mainly seen in infancy and childhood. GSFs of the posterior fossa are uncommon, and intradiploic location in the posterior fossa is extremely rare. Only a few cases of pediatric GSF of the posterior fossa and intradiploic location have been reported in the literature. We report a case of a 15-year-old boy who had large intradiploic GSF of the posterior fossa, associated with cervical syringomyelia. The lesion developed progressively over a period of 5 years following a documented occipital linear fracture. This case of a GSF developing from a known occipital linear fracture demonstrates that a GSF may reach a considerable size, and although uncommon, intradiploic development and occipital localization of a GSF are possible. Syringomyelia associated with posterior fossa GSF is very unusual which makes this case even more unique.
Markers of fibrinolysis in Indian patients with isolated head trauma
Authors: Sikka Meera , Sodhi Ruchika , Kotru Mrinalini , Singh Gurubachan
Published: November 2018

Context: Head injury causes disseminated intravascular coagulation as the most severe complication which is associated with high mortality. Elevated levels of markers of fibrinolysis such as D-dimer and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) have been correlated with poor outcome in these patients. Aim: The study aimed to correlate the levels of plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer, and FPA with outcome in patients with isolated head trauma. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, on 100 patients admitted within 12 h of isolated head trauma. Subjects and Methods: Plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer, and FPA were measured in 100 patients admitted within 12 h of isolated head trauma. While plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer were estimated in all patients, FPA was measured in 45 patients. Statistical Analysis: SPSS (20.2) software was used for mean, standard deviation, and median values of the quantitative parameters, and for all qualitative parameters, their frequencies were obtained. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Elevated D-dimer (>250 ng/ml) and FPA (>3 ng/ml) were observed in 64% and 91.1% patients, respectively. Both D-dimer and FPA were elevated in 66.6% of patients. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score, calculated using standard criteria, was ≥5 in 28% of patients indicating overt DIC. Hypofibrinogenemia was observed in 48% of patients. D-dimer, FPA, and DIC score was significantly (P < 0.001) higher and plasma fibrinogen significantly (P < 0.001) lower in nonsurvivors as compared to survivors. Elevated D-dimer and FPA and low fibrinogen levels were seen in patients irrespective of severity of injury. Conclusions: Elevated D-dimer and FPA were frequently observed in patients with isolated head trauma. As these markers rise soon after injury and indicate poor outcome, their measurement will help identify patients who will benefit with additional therapy, thus reducing morbidity and mortality.
Glioma simultaneously present with adjacent meningioma: Case report and literature review
Authors: Munjal Satyashiva , Kumar Jitendra , Jain Sunila , Mehta Veer
Published: November 2018

A 51-year-old male patient presented to us with an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a dural-based contrast-enhancing lesion in the right temporal lobe and another heterogeneously contrast-enhancing intra-axial lesion in the right insula adjacent to it. Histopathology confirmed it as a meningioma adjacent to an anaplastic oligodendroglioma. This is only the second such case reported in literature. Literature on “adjacent site” gliomas and meningioma was also reviewed.
Intraoperative micro-measurement in neurosurgical microsurgery: A technical note
Authors: Matsumoto Masaki , Mizutani Tohru , Sugiyama Tatsuya
Published: November 2018

Objective: In neurosurgical microsurgery, understanding the accurate size of microstructures is essential to perform operation safely and less invasively. We here describe a simple method of measuring the size of microvessels using a digital image as a microscale. Materials and Methods: The digital image was made as a microscale on the computer. We measured the size of intracranial microstructures using the microscale. Results: We accurately measured the size of the vertebral artery perforator of 1 mm or less using the adjusted microscale on the computer. Conclusions: The development of a microscale is easy and renders the measurement of microstructures, sized 1 mm or less, feasible, and accurate.
Acute hydrocephalus caused by cerebellar abscess in HIV-negative castleman's disease
Authors: Rusconi Angelo , Dario Alessandro , Agresta Gianluca , Balbi Sergio
Published: November 2018

Castleman's disease (CD) is a rare and indolent hematologic disorder characterized by solitary bulky adenopathy. Multiple nodal nonbulky localizations are described, while central nervous system involvement is rare. Immunodeficiency is associated with higher incidence of CD, and HIV serology should be performed at initial diagnosis. We report the case of a 64-year-old HIV-negative man affected by CD, presenting with acute hydrocephalus caused by a large cerebellar abscess.
O comportamento informacional e a competência em informação: uma abordagem para geração de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Ottonicar Selma Leticia Capinzaiki , Bassetto Clemilton Luis , Nascimento Natália Marinho do
Published: November 2018

O objetivo do trabalho consiste em refletir sobre a relação do comportamento informacional e da competência em informação a fim de demonstrar como tais elementos contribuem com o processo de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas. Como metodologia utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa e do tipo exploratória. Resultou-se dessa pesquisa um quadro e um modelo conceitual que evidenciou a importância destas relações. Dessa maneira, no processo de inovação é fundamental que os profissionais possuam o comportamento informacional voltado à busca de informação e que considerem, em cada etapa, os padrões e indicadores de competência como norteadores dos processos.
Inserção de disciplinas sobre competência informacional nos cursos de Biblioteconomia do Brasil
Authors: Mata Marta Leandro da , Casarin Helen de Castro Silva
Published: November 2018

O bibliotecário é considerado um dos principais responsáveis por divulgar, às instituições educacionais e ao seu corpo de profissionais, a proposta da competência informacional, de modo a promovê-la como parte integrante do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Neste âmbito, algumas questões sobre a formação deste profissional devem ser objeto de reflexão: será que os cursos de Biblioteconomia têm contemplado, em suas matrizes curriculares, disciplinas voltadas especificamente para a Competência informacional? Teve-se como objetivo verificar como as disciplinas de competência informacional têm sido abordadas nos cursos de Biblioteconomia no Brasil, descrevendo seus principais conteúdos, com ênfase no conceito, nos tipos de programas, nos locais de aplicação, na formação didática, nas habilidades informacionais, nos recursos de aprendizagem e no papel educacional do bibliotecário. Neste sentido, fez-se uma pesquisa de caráter de qualitativo, realizando-se análise de conteúdo dos currículos e dos planos de ensino dos cursos de graduação de Biblioteconomia. Constatou-se que 10 dos 39 cursos no Brasil possuem disciplinas de competência informacional, sendo que sete destes são disciplinas de caráter obrigatório e três são optativas, propiciando maior abrangência acerca do tema aos alunos, bem como possuem conteúdos significativos em suas ementas e no conteúdo programático, contribuindo para a formação de formadores/instrutores em programas de competência informacional.
Jesse Shera e sua contribuição para o campo da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
Authors: Vieira Keitty Rodrigues , Lucas Elaine Rosangela de Oliveira
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar a contribuição de Jesse Shera para o campo da Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação. Pretende, por meio de revisão teórica, abordar aspectos relacionados com os movimentos influentes na corrente humanística da Ciência da Informação, permeando suas vertentes históricas, incluindo sua consolidação e dando destaque para o movimento conhecido como Escola de Chicago, que exerceu grande influência na repercussão da corrente humanística do campo em estudo.  Aborda curiosidades de Shera, sua vida e suas obras. Por fim, são expostas as influências do autor para o campo da Biblioteconomia e CI atual, bem como são oferecidos caminhos para que novas pesquisas possam ser desenvolvidas com base na revisão teórica realizada, de modo a instigar que outros pesquisadores tenham um olhar mais apurado sobre a relevância de Shera.
Técnicas de análise de dados empregadas no Programa de Pós-graduação de Ciência da Informação da Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Authors: Alves Rosemari Pereira dos Santos , Bortolin Sueli , Alcará Adriana Rosecler
Published: November 2018

A metodologia da pesquisa constitui um dos elementos que confere aos estudos investigativos rigorosidade e reconhecimento perante a ciência. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo foi investigar quais os procedimentos de análise de dados usados nas dissertações do Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciência da Informação da Universidade Estadual de Londrina e aferir, nestas, a frequência do emprego da análise de conteúdo. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental indireta, de cunho bibliográfico, recuperando 28 dissertações, defendidas nos anos de 2014 e 2015, e sintetizando o conteúdo daquelas que utilizaram a análise de conteúdo. Entre os resultados verificou-se que a análise de conteúdo foi uma das técnicas mais empregadas nas pesquisas deste Programa.
Índices de licenciamento e de comercialização de tecnologias para núcleos de inovação tecnológica baseados em boas práticas internacionais
Authors: Bueno Alexandre , Torkomian Ana Lúcia Vitale
Published: November 2018

A utilização de índices e indicadores de desempenho pode contribuir na tomada de decisão, na definição de ações estratégicas, no planejamento, na visualização de cenários (atual e futuro) e nos resultados de atuação dos núcleos de inovação tecnológica (NIT). O presente artigo visa apresentar, caracterizar e descrever o índice de licenciamento de tecnologias e o índice de comercialização de tecnologias, baseado na experiência de sete universidades do exterior. Para isso, foi realizada uma extensa revisão de literatura sobre boas práticas internacionais em gestão da propriedade intelectual (PI) e transferência de tecnologia (TT) e entrevistas em duas universidades dos Estados Unidos, uma da Espanha, uma de Portugal, uma da Escócia e duas da Inglaterra, o que permitiu a identificação de diversos índices e indicadores de desempenho. A importância do tema justifica-se pela possibilidade de utilizá-los para entender, avaliar e acompanhar a evolução do processo de TT da universidade para a empresa. Além disso, o estudo tem grande valia para compreender as ações realizadas pelos NIT, contribuir com a formulação de políticas públicas (e internas das universidades), com a criação de um ambiente favorável de sinergia e cooperação com as empresas, e finalmente, como um processo de prestação de contas para a sociedade, demonstrando as realizações dos núcleos de inovação tecnológica.
Lei de Lotka: um olhar sobre a produtividade dos autores na literatura brasileira de finanças
Authors: Cândido Ricardo Batista , Garcia Fábio Gallo , Saber Campos Anderson Luiz , Filho Elmo Tambosi
Published: November 2018

No Brasil, as pesquisas em finanças tiveram início há cerca de 60 anos, entretanto, são poucos os estudos que analisaram essa produção e que, ao fazê-lo, se apropriaram devidamente das leis e princípios bibliométricos. Buscando satisfazer a essa lacuna, a presente pesquisa investiga o nível de produtividade dos pesquisadores na literatura de brasileira de Finanças aplicando, para tanto, a Lei de Lotka, calculada pelo modelo do Poder Inverso Generalizado e utilizando duas formas de contagem: direta e completa. O corpus foi composto por 873 artigos digitais, publicados em 24 conceituados periódicos nacionais, classificados nos estratos Qualis/CAPES A2, B1 e B2 da Área de Administração, Ciências Contábeis e Turismo, entre 2005 e 2014. Verificou-se, inicialmente, que o número de colaborações cresceu continuamente nos últimos anos e que a configuração de três autores vem se tornando a mais frequente. A produtividade dos pesquisadores, quando feita pela contagem completa (n=-2,23), foi superior à contagem direta (n=-2,89), mostrando um efeito favorável da produção em regime de colaboração, entretanto, o elevado número de pesquisadores com apenas uma publicação demonstra ser uma barreira a ser superada.
Comportamento de pesquisa e uso de informações irrelevantes no ambiente de trabalho
Authors: Vieira Vitoriano Maria Albeti , Gasque Kelley Cristine Gonçalves Dias
Published: November 2018

Revisão de literatura de natureza narrativa sobre os temas: sobrecarga de informação; informação irrelevante e pesquisa e uso de informação. Parte do pressuposto que no cotidiano os profissionais se deparam com grande quantidade de informação irrelevante para a realização das atividades profissionais. A análise da literatura mostra que o fenômeno da sobrecarga de informação é, cada vez mais, universal e onipresente na vida. O telefone celular (smartphone) merece papel de destaque no acesso de informações pessoais ou de lazer. As organizações conseguem limitar o acesso à informações irrelevantes somente nos dispositivos da empresa. Na maioria das vezes, os sujeitos recebem informações, eles não são ativos na busca da informação. Mais investigações sobre o tópico de pesquisa são necessárias.