bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolving Role of Libraries in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kabilwa Silumesi , Wamunyima Mercy Monde , Nyirenda Wezi , Chitumbo Eness M. Miyanda , Makondo Francina N.S.
Published: February 2025

This scoping review investigated the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in library services. Under-researched themes including concerns about equitable access to AI, ethical implications, particularly, job displacement and privacy and staff preparedness for this technology were also investigated. The study which was anchored on the Diffusion of Innovation (DoI) theory assessed the trends, patterns and gaps in the literature and aimed to explore ways in which libraries are adapting to AI technology, investigated equitable AI access strategies, assessed ethical implications of this technology in libraries and the readiness of library staff for AI adoption. The review included 26 English language empirical studies from August, 2015 to September, 2024. These studies were sourced from Scopus, Eric, Ebscohost-LISTA, Google Scholar and other sources. The PRISMA guidelines were followed for screening and thematic analysis for data synthesis. The study revealed that there was a high concentration of Nigerian studies in the 26 included studies. Academic libraries also dominated the literature under review as other libraries, including public, school and medical libraries were underrepresented. AI applications were mostly Chatbots, automatic-indexing and predictive analytics. The theme equitable access was largely investigated around knowledge sharing and resource expansion at the expense of marginalized groups, such as, the disabled users. Job displacement and privacy were the most dominant themes in the literature within the context of ethical implications in libraries. Transparency and intellectual freedom on the other hand were neglected ethical issues. With regards to staff preparation strategies, emphasis was on training and awareness campaigns leaving gaps in hands on experimentation. The study revealed that libraries are adopting AI, particularly in academic settings implying that implementation of this technology is promising. However, equity gaps persist for marginalised groups especially in resource limited locations. While studies have identified job displacement and privacy as the most challenging ethical issues in AI discussions, other broader ethical implications are overlooked. In addition, staff preparation strategies seem to be inadequate in developing practical AI skills for librarians. Therefore, future research should consider including neglected library types, marginalised communities and fostering practical experimentation.
Emotions Need Context: A Large Language Model Based Exploration of Emotion Relationships and the Call for a New Model
Authors: Ke Han , Watanabe Eiji
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the dimensional representation of human emotions using large language models (LLMs) through a dual-method approach: static embeddings and context-driven prompts. Findings revealed that prompting significantly enhances the quality of emotional representations, as UMAP modeling of prompt-derived results produced distinct and interpretable clusters, validated through clustering and statistical analysis. In contrast, embeddings exhibited flat elbow values, lacking groupability. Moreover, context-driven outputs uniquely correlated with human rating of Arousal in emotion, capturing nuanced emotional dimensions. Both methods showed a lack of separation between Pleasure and Dominance, consistent with some prior research, suggesting the limitations of traditional dimensional models and the need for revised frameworks that better reflect language-expressed emotions. This study highlights the importance of context in emotion modelling, and support a transition from theory-driven to data-driven approaches. The findings proposed context-sensitive emotion models to address the demands of modern AI and affective computing.
Modified Cosmological Curvature and Its Implications on Spacetime Metrics
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang
Published: February 2025

We explore a novel formulation of cosmological curvature given by:\begin{equation} R_{\text{new}} \;=\; \frac{R_{\text{standard}}}{1 \;+\; \gamma \,R_{\text{standard}}}\;, \label{eq:new_curvature_main}\end{equation}where \(\gamma\) is a deformation parameter indicating small deviations from standard General Relativity. We derive and analyze the corresponding modified metric and present extensive mathematical derivations demonstrating how these deformations can yield new dynamical features in both early- and late-time cosmology. Building on horizons-entropy parallels from Ref.~\cite{kruglov2025}, we highlight how curvature modifications and generalized thermodynamic considerations can intertwine, suggesting possible novel contributions to the effective energy budget of the universe and to the onset of cosmic acceleration. Numerical studies and analytical solutions illustrate the modified Hubble evolution, phase transitions between decelerating and accelerating epochs, and the evolution of dark-energy-like components emerging from the new geometry.
Ensemble Perception of Faces with Naturalistic Occlusions
Authors: Pallis-Hassani Natalia Katerina , Schill Hayden , Brady Timothy F.
Published: February 2025

The visual system takes advantage of redundancy in the world by extracting summary statistics, a phenomenon known as ensemble perception. Ensemble representations are formed for low-level features like orientation and size and high-level features such as facial identity and expression. While recent research has shown that the visual system forms intact ensemble representations even when faces are partially occluded via solid bars, how ensemble perception is impacted with the addition of naturalistic objects such as face masks or sunglasses is largely unknown. To investigate this, we conducted a series of experiments using continuous report tasks in which faces (either varying in identity or expression) were partially occluded with a surgical mask or sunglasses and participants had to report the average face using a face wheel. We found evidence that participants could still accurately extract the average even when a significant portion of it was occluded with either face masks or sunglasses. In a second experiment, however, we found performance was worse when the face wheel was variable trial to trial. Thus, part of the preservation of performance in occlusion arises from the visual system learning the features of the particular face wheel being used. Overall, our results suggest that the visual system is able to establish robust ensemble representations for faces with naturalistic occlusions, but that robustness appears to be supported at least partially by learning information about the particular features that are informative for a given set of faces.
Political ideology through the lens of behavioral economics
Authors: Fischer Kyle , Atkinson Quentin , Chaudhuri Ananish
Published: February 2025

Traditionally, social scientists have studied the psychological origins of political attitudes with survey measures. However, there is growing recognition that incentivised decisions in behavioural economic games provide better or at least complementary measures of latent preferences. Much prior research also views politics along a unidimensional left/progressive versus right/conservative spectrum, even though increasing evidence suggests two distinct dimensions of political views, one correlated with attitudes on inequality and a second with attitudes on social control. The former dimension is labelled as economic conservatism/progressivism, and the latter as social conservatism/progressivism. We provide an overview of studies that use economic games to study political ideology under both the unidimensional framework and the two-dimensional framework.
Deciphering the Indus Script by Applying the Concept of Egyptian Hieroglyphics to the Depiction of Indus Signs
Authors: Raskar Milind
Published: February 2025

Due to its intricate clusters of symbols, the absence of clear connections to known ancient or modern scripts from the Indian subcontinent, and broad assumptions about the likely languages of the Indus civilization, scholars have long struggled to decipher the Indus script. This study seeks to identify Indus characters by analysing common graphemes of synonymous words across known Indian languages, using traces in the existing languages as a "Rosetta Stone." It interprets the pictographic symbols on Indus seals by applying principles from the Egyptian hieroglyphic writing system.The findings suggest that the Indus script follows an Abugida-style writing system, comprising nineteen consonants and three vowels, and represents a Proto-Pali language. Analysing grammatical structures, reading sequences, and linguistic parallels with Pali provides strong evidence that the Indus civilization employed a structured language integrating phonetics and symbolism. Further validation through the interpretation of anthropomorphic and some other specific seals, along with architectural and urban planning elements, establishes a direct link between the script and the cultural practices of the Indus people—particularly in meditation and spiritual traditions.Key urban features such as courtyards, walls, and granaries help clarify the administrative functions, Meditation universities, and social structures of Indus settlements. Identified as an early form of Proto-Pali, the deciphered script reveals linguistic traditions that suggest continuity between the Indus script and modern languages. By offering significant insights into its language, grammar, and cultural context, this study provides a deeper understanding of the historical and linguistic legacy of the Indus civilization.
From basic to higher-order relational processes: Concepts of human-environment interactions among the Shuar
Authors: Abad Espinoza Luis Gregorio
Published: February 2025

This thesis uses a biosocial anthropological approach to explore the wide variety of human-environmental interactions exhibited by the Shuar of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Based on 10 months of ethnographic inquiry and deploying a comparative and evolutionary perspective, this thesis focuses primarily on the holistic nature of ancient subsistence patterns. I delve into the adaptive strategies exhibited by the contemporary Shuar and attempt to delineate the socio-ecological, ritual and cosmological significance of these patterns of behaviour. I suggest how subsistence adaptations, like hunting, which have been greatly diminished in the Shuar communities, nevertheless reveal particular forms of cross-species interactions likely deeply rooted in coevolutionary processes. As clearly indicated by informants' oral histories, hunting patterns and meat-eating behaviour show complex trophic, socio-structural and ritual associations between humans and animal taxa. I then hypothesise that food taboos against eating particular animals (mostly large mammals) may have functioned as mechanisms for the preservation of prey and likely arose from ancient relationships with extinct megafauna. Further, concerning horticulture, a subsistence strategy still practised by the Shuar, I reveal how specific forms of human-plant interactions, such as those with Manihot esculenta Crantz and Guadua spp., inform patterns of patterns of growth, fertility and reproduction. This Amazonian form of human-plant coevolution exhibited by traditional horticulture underscores, in principle, basic and higher-order relational processes exemplified by the biosocial, ritual, ontological, and myth-cosmological associations between organismic kingdoms. Concerning the use of medicinal and psychoactive plants, I show how these kinds of botanical knowledge frequently intersect, thus representing adaptive behaviours highly dependent on embodied and cognitive engagements with plant materials. Both conceived as elementary forms of cure and primary triggers of metaphysical formulations, relationships with these elements of the plant kingdom are likely to be well-embedded in our evolutionary history. Lastly, the thesis' attempt at cross-species comparisons linked to different evolutionary periods (i.e., archaic hominins, extant forager-horticulturalists and non-human primates) may shed new light on the nature of complex adaptive patterns exhibited by Indigenous peoples in general and the Shuar in particular.
‘एउटा गाउँमा’ कथाको वर्गविश्लेषण
Authors: शर्मा बिन्दु
Published: February 2025

प्रस्तुत लेख पारिजातको ‘एउटा गाउँमा’ कथाको वर्गीय चेतना विश्लेषणमा आधारित छ । यसमा मूल समस्याको समाधानका लागि कथामा प्रकटित सर्वहाराको जीवनसङ्घर्ष, अधिक मानवीय संसार रचनाको प्रयास, वर्गीय एकता र सर्वहाराको ऐतिहासिक दायित्वबोधजस्ता प्रतिमानको उपयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखको सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचाको मूल आधार साहित्यको वर्गीय अध्ययनअन्तर्गत पाण्डेय (२०६७) को सिद्धान्त रहेको छ । वर्गविश्लेषण आर्थिक र सामाजिक पक्षसँग सम्बन्धित उत्पादक शक्ति र उत्पादन सम्बन्धसम्बद्ध विषय रहँदारहँदै पनि यो माक्र्सवादी समालोचनाअन्तर्गत अन्तरविषयक समालोचना पद्धतिका रूपमा साहित्यले सहजै अङ्गीकार गरेको विषय हो । समालोचनाका क्षेत्रमा वर्गीय चेतना समाजको उत्पादन सम्बन्धका आधारमा निर्धारित मालिक र मजदुरका बिचको आर्थिक, सामाजिक शोषण र त्यसले सिर्जना गरेको द्वन्द्वात्मक परिस्थिति एवम् वर्गमुक्तिको सङ्घर्षका आधारमा कृतिको विश्लेषण गर्ने सिद्धान्त हो । यसले साहित्यिक कृतिहरूमा रहेका वर्गीय विभेद, शोषण, वर्गद्वन्द्व र सर्वहारा वर्गको मुक्तिजस्ता आर्थिक उत्पादनसँग सम्बद्ध पक्षहरूको खोजी गरी तिनको प्रयोजनपरक ढङ्गले विश्लेषण गर्ने काम गर्दछ । ‘एउटा गाउँमा’ कथाको वर्गीय चेतनाविश्लेषणअन्तर्गत यस लेखमा सर्वहारा जीवनसङ्घर्षको चित्रण, अधिक मानवीय संसार रचनाको प्रयास, वर्गीय एकता र सर्वहाराको ऐतिहासिक दायित्वबोधका माध्यमबाट वर्गीय चेतना पहिचान गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत लेखमा नेपाली समाजको वर्गीय स्वरूपको चित्रण, त्यसको आर्थिक सामाजिक शोषणमा आधारित सम्बन्धको आलोचनात्मक प्रसार एवम् शोषणबाट मुक्तिका लागि अवलम्बन गरिएको वर्गसङ्घर्षको माक्र्सवादी अभिव्यक्तिका कारण ‘एउटा गाउँमा’ कथा वर्गीय चेतना प्रकटीकरणका कोणबाट प्रभावकारी रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Exploring Stakeholders' Insights into TVET Curriculum in Nepal: A Qualitative Inquiry on Relevance and Practice
Authors: Baral Durga Prasad , Paudel Lekha Nath
Published: February 2025

This study explores the insights of various stakeholders into the relevance and practice of the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) curriculum under the Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) in Nepal. How TVET stakeholders see the existing situation of TVET curricula in Nepal, and how they see the solutions were major two research questions to capture the perspectives to assess the appropriateness of existing curricula in relation to labor market demands. This qualitative study integrates poetic expressions with key informant interviews to evoke deeper emotional and contextual understandings. Findings reveal that graduates perceive the curriculum as an overburden, while industry representatives highlight a significant disconnection between curricular content and actual job requirements. Similarly, TVET providers advocate for a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical application. This study stresses the urgent need for a TVET curriculum that not only aligns with labor market needs but also integrates relevant educational theories and streamlines educational processes. By addressing the concerns of diverse stakeholders through a creative lens, this research contributes to enhancing the effectiveness and relevance of TVET curricula in Nepal, thereby supporting the country’s economic growth and development.
Augmenting Enrolment through Integration of TVET and General Education
Authors: Pradhan Hari
Published: February 2025

Nepal has made a significant progress in the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector. However, the declining trend in student enrolment, which has led to even the closure of TVET institutions, poses questions over these achievements. The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST) has extensively mentioned TVET problems and issues in its TVET Sector Analysis Report (TVET SAR) 20791, the Technical and Vocational Education and Training Reform Strategic Plan (TRSP) 2079 and the TVET Sector Strategic Plan (TSSP) 2079. Avoiding repetition, this article focuses on the integration between TVET and general education, and of qualifications within the TVET system to facilitate its vertical expansion as a means to boost enrolment. It addresses issues such as social stigma and systemic disarray; explores policy efforts in the international practices; chronicles Nepal efforts; and examines challenges like policy-implementation gaps, rigid teaching methods, poor internal efficiency, and subpar employment outcomes. The paper concludes that Nepal must continue preparing competent and competitive TVET graduates for both domestic and international markets. Achieving this requires restructuring the education system, particularly through integration mechanisms. By taking references from the proven international models, Nepal can transform its TVET system into an attractive choice not only for Nepali students but also for international learners.
Identification of Labors’ Role Transition Processes: From Traditional to Electric Vehicles in Nepal
Authors: Galaju Chandra Kumar
Published: February 2025

The maturity of technological innovation and declining battery costs have made us opt for purchasing the electrical vehicles. It has resulted into growing preference towards electric vehicle over traditional cars, thereby spurring more job vacancies in the electric vehicle industry. The study examined the labor’s role in the transition process towards working with electric vehicle from traditional vehicle. An inductive narrative research approach was used to gather the necessary primary information from automobile technicians and engineers from authorized national electric vehicles distributors in Kathmandu. Globally, shifting towards the electric vehicles has stimulated a significant transformation in the automobile industry worldwide, which has encouraged labors of automobile to shift towards working with electric vehicle anticipating a better job opportunity in the changing automobile landscape and career sustainability. However, the experience of the role transition was not flawless. Challenges of role transition such as innovative technology and unavailability of quality training and hindrance in the shifting process caused the need for re-skilling for mitigating problems. As a result transition has presented a significant lift in the career of the participants which helped them fit in the new role. Finally, this case study serves as evidence to the transformative potential of education and institutional determination in transitioning labor’s role from the traditional to electric vehicles. However, this study does not analyze the downside of transition process and status of job demand versus job loss in the changing automobile industry.
El libro de los Cien Años del Hospital de San José. Edición Especial de Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía
Authors: Cadena Rey Darío
Published: February 2025

Para Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía es un orgullo celebrar el primer centenario del Hospital de San José con una edición especial que narra la evolución histórica de los departamentos y servicios que lo componen. 
Obra majestuosa ideada por los fundadores de la Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, visionarios de la importante labor social que desempeñaría en la sociedad colombiana. Las experiencias que trajeron de Europa y Estados Unidos les permitieron planearla para que trascendiera en el tiempo buscando siempre la alta calidad, la excelencia y la innovación con rigor científico y trato amable en beneficio de los pacientes.
AI Empowerment of Asian-Australian Migrant Workers: Progress, Potentials, and Patterns
Authors: Shi Yingnan , Ma Chao
Published: February 2025

As Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, becomes integral to organizational practices, its capacity to augment human capabilities presents opportunities and challenges. We focus on the integration of AI into the workplace, emphasizing its impact on Asian-Australian migrant workers—a group frequently transitioning from developing to developed economies and facing unique workplace challenges. We explore how AI may not only enhance job performance and integration by overcoming cultural and linguistic barriers but also influences perceptions of overqualification among these workers. Employing psychological empowerment theory and the information systems fusion framework, alongside time-lag surveys and K-means clustering, we introduce a novel AI empowerment scale and investigate the nuanced effects of AI on immigrant workers. Our findings reveal that while AI-driven psychological empowerment increases technology infusion use and overall job performance, it also underscores significant variations in how different demographic groups experience these benefits, offering new insights into the complex interplay between AI empowerment and employee perceptions. The study advances psychological empowerment and perceived overqualification research by revealing AI's varied impacts across workforce clusters. It underscores the need to manage AI carefully to avoid workplace inequalities and calls for further exploration of AI's dynamics in diverse settings.
Uncovering Pet Attachment: Dampaknya Pada Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa
Authors: Virgil Benedikta Angela Evani , Heru Astikasari Setya Murti
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena pet attachment di kalangan mahasiswa, seiring dengan meningkatnya kepemilikan hewan peliharaan yang dipicu oleh popularitas media sosial. Data menunjukkan bahwa 67% responden di Indonesia memiliki hewan peliharaan, dan hubungan emosional berkontribusi memberikan dukungan kesehatan mental signifikan. Tujuan penelitian adalah memahami dampak pet attachment terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan mahasiswa pemilik anjing atau kucing di Kota Salatiga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterikatan dengan hewan peliharaan dapat meningkatkan rasa tanggung jawab, empati, dan dukungan sosial, serta mengurangi stres. Temuan baru mencakup rasa emosional dari perawatan hewan, risiko kehilangan, dan beban finansial. Penelitian ini menyoroti kompleksitas hubungan mahasiswa dengan hewan peliharaan, di mana dampak positif dan negatif saling terkait. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya pemahaman tentang pet attachment sebagai sumber dukungan emosional dan perlunya kebijakan untuk membantu mahasiswa mengelola tanggung jawab ini.Kata kunci: pet attachment, kesehatan mental, mahasiswa
Analisis Kebutuhan Siswa untuk Pengembangan Program BK di SMA: Pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
Authors: Sukmadiningsih Retna , Herdi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan siswa sekolah menengah atas dalam pengembangan program Bimbingan dan Konseling (BK) yang efektif. Latar belakang penelitian menunjukkan bahwa layanan BK yang tidak berbasis kebutuhan siswa sering kali kurang relevan dengan tantangan akademik, karier, sosial, dan emosional yang dihadapi siswa. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan metode PRISMA untuk menyaring dan menganalisis literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kebutuhan siswa sangat bervariasi, mulai dari dukungan akademik, transisi pendidikan tinggi, hingga penguatan keterampilan interpersonal. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa asesmen kebutuhan berbasis data sangat penting untuk merancang layanan BK yang sesuai. Penelitian juga menyoroti pentingnya integrasi teknologi, seperti konseling berbasis web, dalam meningkatkan aksesibilitas layanan BK. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada pengembangan model asesmen kebutuhan yang lebih terstruktur untuk memastikan program BK dapat memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap perkembangan siswa secara holistik.
Kata Kunci: asesmen kebutuhan, bimbingan dan konseling, systematic literature review (SLR)
Program Bimbingan Dan Konseling (BK) Untuk Mengembangkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Madrasah Aliyah: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Soraya Kamila , Herdi
Published: February 2025

Negara dapat dikatakan maju apabila memiliki tingkat Pendidikan yang tinggi. Meningkatkan motivasi belajar dapat memberikan dampak untuk Pendidikan tinggi. Oleh karena itu, tingkat motivasi siswa harus diperhatikan, sehingga dapat mencapai tujuan suatu negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi program Bimbingan Konseling (BK) dalam mengembangkan motivasi belajar siswa Madrasah Aliyah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu tinjauan Pustaka Systematic Literature Review (SLR) model prisma dengan menggunakan digital library yaitu Google cendekia dan Crossref. Berdasarkan literature review dari 20 artikel ilmiah dapat disimpulkan bahwa Program bimbingan konseling yang dilakukan dengan memberikan layanan bimbingan secara kelompok dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajas siswa dengan persentase 30%, kemudian program layanan dengan metode bercerita memperoleh persentase 25%, layanan bimbingan teman sebaya memiliki persentase 20%, metode reinforcement memperoleh 15%, dan menggunakan metode jigsaw sebesar 10%. Dengan hasil tersebut MAN Jakarta Barat dapat memberikan layanan bimbingan konseling secara kelompok sehingga dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa kelas X MAN Jakarta Barat.
Kata kunci: program bimbingan konseling, motivasi belajar, siswa madrasah aliyah
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran SQ3R Berbasis Manajemen Kelas Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Cerita Pendek Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kelas 5 SD
Authors: Sefrian Rullis Mangen  , Herry Sanoto
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh model pembelajaran SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) berbasis manajemen kelas terhadap kemampuan membaca cerita pendek siswa kelas 5. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi-eksperimental dengan desain non-equivalent control group untuk menunjukan hubungan sebab akibat antar variabel. Populasi terdiri dari 39 siswa yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, eksperimen dan kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui posttest berupa soal pilihan ganda yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data mencakup uji normalitas, homogenitas, dan uji t. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hasil test kemampuan membaca pada kedua kelompok kelas dengan nilai minimum 48 dan nilai maksimum 100. Uji t menunjukan nilai signifikansi 0,031 (<0,05) yang mengindikasikan perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penerapan model SQ3R berbasis manajemen kelas efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman membaca siswa, model SQ3R berbasis manajemen kelas meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap teks secara sistematis melalui tahapan yang terstruktur, serta menciptakan suasana belajar yang lebih kondusif dan interaktif.
Kata Kunci: SQ3R, manajemen kelas, membaca pemahaman, pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, siswa sekolah dasar
Time to freezing: plasticity or rapid evolution. A preliminary study
Authors: Nakaka Ayari , Kimura Kazuki
Published: February 2025

The orb-weaving spider Trichonephila clavata (L. Koch, 1878) (Araneae Nephilidae), commonly known as Joro spider, was recently introduced into North America and has been spreading in the invaded territory. Several studies have suggested potential negative impacts of this spider on native communities. The present study focused on risk-taking behavior in Joro spider individuals from their native range. A comparison between our behavioral experiment and a previous study investigating an exotic population in the USA suggests that spiders tend to exhibit more risk-aversive behavior in the introduced region. Although it remains unclear whether the observed difference is an adaptive or plastic change, knowledge on the adaptability of Joro spiders to novel conditions is crucial for assessing their impact on the ecosystem.
The effect of kinesiophobia on fear of falling, quality of life and physical activity in children with headache
Authors: Baykan Çopuroğlu Özge , Baykan Müge , Gençpınar Pınar , Olgaç Dündar Nihal
Published: February 2025

Kinesiophobia, the excessive fear of movement due to anticipated pain or injury, contributes to disability. While prevalent in headache patients, its associations with clinical factors in pediatric headache populations remain underexplored. To examine the relationships between kinesiophobia, fear of falling, quality of life, and physical activity in children and adolescents with headaches. Methods: This study included 127 children aged 6–18 years with headache complaints. Kinesiophobia was assessed using the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), fear of falling with the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES-I), physical activity via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ–Short Form), quality of life using the Quality-of-Life Scale for Children (QOLS), and pain severity with a visual analog scale (VAS). The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Id: NCT06136052). Kinesiophobia was prevalent among children with headaches and was significantly associated with longer headache duration (p < 0.05), greater pain severity, reduced physical activity, and lower quality of life (p < 0.001). Increased pain severity correlated with higher fear of falling (p < 0.001). Children without kinesiophobia reported significantly better quality of life (p < 0.05). Kinesiophobia in children with headaches is linked to fear of falling, decreased physical activity, and lower quality of life, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
Адамның психофизиологиялық қызметтеріне музыка жанрының жəне құлаққапты қолдану арқылы тыңдаудың əсері
Authors: Шандаулов А.Х. , Жумадилов С.С. , Рамазанов А.К. , Ельшина К.А. , Жомартова Г.Ж.
Published: February 2025

Ағзаның психофизиологиялық жағдайына музыканы құлаққап түрлерін қолдану арқылы тыңдаудың жəне əртүрлі музыка жанрларының əсерін білу мақсатында зерттеулер жүргізілді. Медициналық жоо-ның екінші жəне үшінші курс студенттерінен сауалнама арқылы сұхбат алынды жəне есту өткірлігін анықтау үшін арнайы физиологиялық əдістер қолданылды. Сыбырлап жəне қалыпты сөйлеуді қабылдау, сонымен бірге ұялы телефондағы шағын тест арқылы есту қабілеттері тексерілді. Қолданылған құлаққаптардың физиология-гигиеналық сипаттамалары зерттелді. Децибилді (дБ) шуөлшеуіштің көмегі арқылы, музыканы тыңдау кезіндегі құлаққаптардан шыққан дыбыстың қарқындылығы өлшенді. Музыкалық артықшылық пен адамның мінез-құлық арасындағы үлгісін жасау үшін сұхбаттасқан студенттерден мінез-құлық ерекшеліктері анықталды. 1500 астам адамға зерттеу жүргізілді. «Excel» бағдарламасы арқылы нəтижелердің статистикалық өңдеуі жүргізілді. Құлаққаптар арқылы музыканы қатты жəне ұзақ уақыт тыңдау есту өткірлігіне теріс əсер беретіндігі фактілері анықталды. Есту уақыты өте келе бір дыбысқа қалыптасады жəне тыңдаушылардың көбісінде музыка тыңдаған сайын дауысын қаттырақ тыңдау заңдылығы байқалады. Құлаққапсыз адамның құлағы ең жақсы қалыпта 55–60 дБ дыбысты қабылдайды. Музыканы тыңдау кезінде музыка жанры мен адамның мінез-құлығының типологиялық ерекшеліктері арасындағы байланыс көрсетілді.
Оценка биологической активности черноземных почв в зависимости от технологий возделывания пшеницы и рапса в условиях Северного Казахстана
Authors: Рукавицина И.В. , Чуркина Г.Н. , Кунанбаев К.К.
Published: February 2025

Интенсивное использование почвенных ресурсов без соблюдения технологии возделывания культурприводит к снижению продуктивности агроценозов. В статье представлены экспериментальные ис-следования по биологической активности черноземной почвы. В качестве параметров, характеризующих влияние обработки почвы на микробиологическую активность, определялись интенсивность эмиссии углекислого газа, активность уреазы, содержание микробной биомассы и целлюлозолитическая активность, в зависимости от традиционной, минимальной и нулевой технологии возделывания пшеницы и рапса. Полевые испытания проводились на многолетних полевых стационарах ТОО «Научно-производственный центр зернового хозяйства им. А.И. Бараева». Закладка полевых опытов, отбор проб и микробиологический анализ проводились общепринятыми методами. Установлено, что обработка почвы оказывает существенное влияние на показатели уреазной активности и приводит к ее накоплению в верхнем почвенном горизонте, независимо от культуры возделывания. Наиболее высокое накопление микробной биомассы происходит при технологии No-Till в посевах рапса. Интенсивное выделение диоксида углерода наблюдалось при нулевой и минимальной обработке почвы, независимо от культуры возделывания. Технологии возделывания пшеницы и рапса оказывают существенное влияние на целлюлозолитическую активность, что способствует интенсивному распаду клетчатки.
The study of the main phenological phases and the compilation of the calendar for the collection of medicinal plants of the Bukhar-Zhyrau district of the Karaganda region
Authors: Auelbekova A.K. , Kyzdarova D.K. , Atikeeva S.N. , Aidarbaeva D.K. , Karimtaeva T.N.
Published: February 2025

The results of phenological investigation of 39 species of medicinal plants of Bukhar-Zhirau district of Karaganda region mountains are presented. According to botanical-geographical zoning classification, the vegetation of Bukhar-Zhirau district of Karaganda region mountains belongs to Kopalisky area of Central Kazakhstan sub province. Establishment phase collection of raw material medicines plants over several years allowed by experiment to establish the optimal time for the collection of raw materials of medicinal plants Bukhar-Zhirau district of Karaganda region mountains allowing for the local climate. It was revealed that for the preparation of 6 species of medicinal plants (patrini medium, medicinal herb, iris leathery, Dzungarian ferula and others), underground organs are prepared on the territory of Bukhar-Zhyrau district of the Karaganda region. For 1 species, the dogrose is loose, fruit is collected. For 23 witches, such as donut whiteness, donutic dipstick, serpuhus, venous pumpkin, saussurea salsa, ziziphora peach and other, the production of grass is produced. For other species harvest leaves, shoots and flower baskets are harvested. Phonological spectra for 33 species of medicinal plants of Bukhar-Zhyrau district were compiled on the basis of which a calendar was compiled and the frequency of collection of plant raw materials during the growing season was determined. The basic rules for organizing the preparation and drying of medicinal plant raw materials are determined. The data by phonological spectra let us to create the schedule and periods of the gathering of the raw material. The results of the work are the base for the organization of plan exploitation of the natural populations.
Изучение эффективности окисления двухвалентного железа в проточном биореакторе иммобилизованными бактериями
Authors: Жаппар Н.К. , Шайхутдинов В.М. , Канафин Е.Н. , Тен О.А. , Балпанов Д.С. , Еркасов Р.Ш. , Бакибаев А.А. , Ишмуратова М.Ю.
Published: February 2025

В данной статье описывается подбор оптимального твердого носителя для иммобилизации хемолитотрофных бактерий для разработки проточного биореактора. В результате иммобилизации бактериальных клеток время окисления свежей питательной среды было сокращено с 6 до 4 суток при использовании шлака, до 3 суток— керамзита и до 2 суток— пенополиуретана. Изучена эффективность окисления двухвалентного железа в проточном биореакторе иммобилизованными бактериями при различных концентрациях серной кислоты. Во всех биореакторах при коэффициенте разбавления в диапазоне от 0,051 до 0,14 ч –1 производительность трехвалентного железа и степень окисления двухвалентно-го железа были сравнительно высокими. Наибольшая производительность трехвалентного железа была достигнута при рН 1,6, которая составила 1,16 г·л–1·ч–1, что в 23,2 раза выше, чем в суспензионнойкультуре. Также проведены модельные испытания в перколяционных колоннах для сравнения динамики извлечения меди при традиционной сернокислотной технологии и бактериальной технологии. Испытания по выщелачиванию меди были проведены в колоннах высотой 2 м и диаметром 0,2 м на руде с крупностью10 мм. В результате проведения модельных испытаний в течение 155 суток выход меди при бактериальном выщелачивании оказался на 34,8 % больше, чем при сернокислотном выщелачивании.
Features of biology of the introduced apple-tree sorts in arid conditions of Mangystau
Authors: Kosareva О.N. , Dinova G.Е. , Akhtanova А.B.
Published: February 2025

The article presents for the first time the biometrics results (tree height, leafage diameter, bole height and diameter, bine growth) of 11 sorts of 10 year old apple trees regionalized in Kazakhstan. Sorts have been introduced into the local conditions, characterized by extremely high air temperature, poor and weakly structured soil, which contains easily soluble sodium and potassium salts. The article also shows fruit-bearing age, amount of the first harvest and fruits size. It has been established that the biologically high sorts have showed significant decrease of fruit tree height, and also leafage and bole diameter (Asya, Askar, Kandil-sinap, Stolovka). For medium-height sorts the decrease of tree height, leafage and bole sizes is not as significant as for high sorts (Zolotoye prevoshodnoe, Mantet, Florina), and habit of low sorts has not changed (Zailiiskoye). Ontogenetic growth acceleration has been marked, such as earlier age of fruit-bearing (second–fourth year after planting). Fruit weight decrease has also been detected, although the difference in fruit weight between sorts has been preserved. Sorts productivity at 7 year age approximately corresponded with the productivity (at the same age) in more favorable conditions.
Cytomorphological assessment of buccal epithelium of the cheeks of children of some industrial cities of the Karaganda region
Authors: Nurlybayeva K.A. , Aitkulov A.M. , Mukasheva M.A. , Starikova A.E.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses changes in the buccal epithelium of the cheeks (BECh) based on the results of a survey of the child population of three industrial cities of the Karaganda region (Temirtau, Balkhash, Abay), methods of cytological analysis were used. Cytochemical methods were used for the early detection of functional changes in the nonspecific protection of the body from environmental factors. When conducting a research on the cytological status of buccal epithelium cells of children living in the studied areas, it was revealed that an increase in the number of cells with small-droplet inclusions in the cytoplasm of children of Temirtau and Balkhash was found. When comparing the results of investigation of child population (Temirtau, Balkhash, Abay), a decrease in the number of cells with small-droplet inclusions in the cytoplasm by 4 times and an in-crease in the number of cells with large-droplet inclusions in the cytoplasm for 78 %, with signs of karyorexis for 74 % was noted. The number of nuclear-free cells was reduced for 34 %, degenerated neutrophil leuko-cytes by 3.9 times. There is an increase in the amount of amitosis for 50 % and a decrease in the number of normal buccal cells for 71 %. The appearance of small and large inclusions in the cytoplasm of cells proves the effect of adverse environmental factors on the body of children living in industrial regions.
Extraction of betulin — natural triterpenoid from Kirgyz birch Betula kirghisorum, an endemic plant of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Kasenov R.Z. , Demets O.V. , Kartbayeva G.T. , Zhumadilov S.S. , Alieva M.R. , Zhumabekova A.U. , Yergesh A.A. , Bakibayev A.A.
Published: February 2025

On the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan there are 15 species of birch trees, including 4 endemic spe-cies. This plant is a low tree with a reddish bark and a loose crown. On the territory of the Kent forestry of the Karkaraly State National Natural Park, a Kyrgyz birch bark was collected. Birch bark was crushed and dried to constant weight. From birch bark of the Kyrgyz with extraction method followed by recrystallization from isopropyl alcohol was isolated betulin. The melting point of the isolated substance was 243 ºC. Betulin was identified by thin layer chromatography and compared with a standard sample. The substance was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy methods in KBr tablets and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the Fourier spectrometer FSM-1201, the characteristic frequencies of the absorption bands were used to deter-mine the presence of various groups of atoms and bonds characteristic of betulin in the molecule. HPLC was used to study a sample using a Shimadzu LC-20 Prominence liquid chromatograph. Selected conditions for the qualitative and quantitative determination of betulin
The sensitivity of algae to the exposure of telmisartan
Authors: Aubakirova B.N. , Beisenova R.R. , Zhurmanova N.Sh. , Tulegenova S.Ye. , Rymbay N.
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, everyday people apply various pharmaceuticals. However, after their consumption drugs excrete to wastewater treatment plant, where they cannot be eliminated totally. As the result they released to surface waters. Many scientists concerned about the effect of medical substances on aquatic biota. The issue of pharmaceutical contamination is not well studied in Kazakhstan in comparison with EU countries. Therefore, it is significant to do ecotoxicological research on pharmaceutical ingredients. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of telmisartan on the growth of Chlorella species. Telmisartan was selected as currently it is one of the priority pharmaceuticals based on risks to aquatic biota in Kazakhstan. We estimated exposure of substance in 5–15 mg/L concentrations. According to the results, high concentration of our medical substance had significant impact to the growth algae, it led to 83.93±0.13 % of growth inhibition. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of telmisartan on algae was 6.16 mg/L. Furthermore, we calculated the growth rate of Chlorella species. We found that growth rate decreased in six times on algae in concentration 15 mg/L in comparison with controls. The following results showed that Chlorella speciesare vulnerable to the exposure.of pharmaceuticals.
Қорғалжын мемлекеттік табиғи қорығын мекендейтін жыртқыш аңдар
Authors: Карагойшин Ж.М. , Рашитов С.С.
Published: February 2025

Қорғалжын мемлекеттік табиғи қорығының территориясында мекендейтін жыртқыш аңдардың қазіргікездегі таралуы мен сандық көрсеткіштеріне талдау жасалып, оларды қорғау, сақтау шаралары туралымəліметтер жинақталып берілді. Зерттеулер нəтижесі бойынша қорық аймағында қасқыр мен қарсақтың сандары азайғаны байқалса, борсықтың саны өскені анықталды. Борсықтар жыл бойы індерін өзгерте отырып, түрлі факторлардың əсеріне бейімделген. Олардың қоныстары көпшілік жағдайда көлдерге жақын жерлерде. Ал, ашық далада аңдары дала күзені, аққалақ пен ақкіс қорық территориясында аз мөлшерде кездеседі. Қыс мезгілдерінде көл жағасындағы камыстар арасында көбірек ұшырасады. Қасқырдың қоныстары қорық аймағынан тіркелген жоқ. Ірі жыртқыштардың санын анықтау жұмыстары маршруттық əдіспен жүзеге асты. Сусар тұқымдастарының санын анықтауға алаңдық санақ əдістері қолданылды. Қорық аумағы жыртқыштардың тіршілігіне өте қолайлы, азық қоры мол орта болып табылады. Олардың мекендейтін орталарына антропогендік факторлардың əсері байқалмайды. Қорық территориясына соңғы жылдары Америка күзені(Mustela vison Schreber, 1777) Нұра өзені бойымен еніп, ондатр популяциясына əсер етуде, əсіресе жаз-күз мезгілінде көлдерде көп кездеседі. Жыртқыштардың қорық аумағындағы санына мониторингтік жыл бойы жүргізуге ұсыныстар жасалды.
Cryopreservation of the seed material of Achillea ledebourii
Authors: Mukhanova Sh.A. , Dodonova A.Sh. , Pavlov A.V.
Published: February 2025

In the article is described the method of cryopreservation of seed material of Achillea ledebourii. This endemic plant contains essential oils, alkaloids and glycosides. Conservation of species with limited distribution areas is a priority task. The most promising method for storing biological material is preservation in liquid nitrogen or in vapors. To maximizing viability of seeds various endocellular cryo protectants are used: glycerol, sucrose, ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and preservative mixtures. Seeds are frozen by simple immersion in liquid nitrogen. As a result of the experiments, it was determined that sucrose at a concentration 5 % and dimethyl sulfoxide — 10 % shew the best cryo protective properties. In the first case, seed germination after cryo freezing was 113 % concerning control data, which could be explained by the affection of the stratification effect; in the second case — 92 % from control data. The use of mixtures of cryoprotectants showed no synergistic effect, and, in comparison with pure substances, the degree of preservation of seed viability was less. The obtained data can be used for introducing this species into the cryo collection of seed material of endemic plants of Kazakhstan.
5-Ht Receptors, Signaling Pathways and Effects, Mechanisms of Action of The Tachykinin System and Its
Authors: Bon Lizaveta
Published: February 2025

We conducted a comprehensive search of the literature to identify all original studies and review articles on 5-HT receptors, signaling pathways and effects on the immune system, mechanisms of action of the tachykinin system and its receptors, and to assess their potential role in the pathogenesis of various diseases.
Role Of Tensor Fascia Lata in Wound Bed Preparation
Authors: Chittoria Ravi Kumar
Published: February 2025

To make wounds heal wound bed preparation is essential. There are four components of Wound Bed Preparation (WBP)- TIME concept of WBP- tissue, infection and inflammation, moisture and edge management. The current study showed the versatile use of tensor fascia lata autograft for wound bed preparation which is a cost effective, easily available measure for the purpose.
Historical Perspectives on Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Challenges for Prevention and Control
Authors: Haider Rehan
Published: February 2025

Sexually communicated afflictions (STDs) have formal significant challenges to community health across the past, jolting things, communities, and healthcare structures. Understanding the archival views on STDs supplies valuable insights into the development of their stop-and-control works. This review checks key milestones in STD stop, from early demonstrative designs and community health campaigns to the happening of antimicrobial therapies and immunization programs. It climaxes classical stances toward sexuality and criticism, that have formed public ideas and policies. Challenges to a degree the rise of medicine-opposing strains, disparities in healthcare approach, and sociocultural hurdles to active invasions endure into the modern cycle. By contextualizing current stop actions inside a historical foundation, this study stresses the need for adjusting, evidence-located approaches to tackle the evolving community health of STDs. Bridging classical communication accompanying creative solutions offer a road to talking about modern community health challenges while fostering impartial and tenable effects.