bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A multi-server with backup system employs decision strategies to enhance its service
Authors: R Satheesh Kumar , S Krishna Praba
Published: January 2023

The queueing paradigm is frequently applied in the manufacturing, inventory, and service industries. The effectiveness of the queuing model can be greatly enhanced by specifying the real properties of queuing. This research examines impatient client behaviors that may lead to renege in a multi-server queuing system, as well as the strategic behavior of the service provider that tries to enhance the service by adding a backup server. A very intricate multi-dimensional continuous-time Markov chain that has been successfully analysed accurately describes the system's behavior. The decision rules are used to frame the value function and the iteration algorithm is used to get the total expected cost and the optimal average cost of the entire system. By enabling the numerical results for the relevant case, the sensitivity analysis is carried out.
Memory Malware Analysis: Detecting Malicious Signatures In Memory By VolatilityPlugin’s
Authors: Reddy Karthik Kumar , Bhattacharya Tathagata , Reddy Shreevan
Published: January 2023

Memory forensics is used to implement and investigate malware that is executed or stored in RAM. Whether it is static malware analysis or dynamic malware analysis,each time the malware investigator retrieves the result, it is displayed in plaintext, and the investigator begins examining each result in the plaintext and triaging the malicious request. It's a labor-intensive process, and occasionally an investigator will upload malicious files to his or her computer to be analyzed for malware. These malicious files could contain worms or have the potential to infect the investigator's computer; if that happens, the attacker will keep an eye on all future investigations and the evidence they produce. With the help of this research and algorithm, whenever a malicious DLL or request is made, the algorithm will be able to identify it and flag it. This will save the investigator a lot of time because the investigator can upload files to his or her computer without worrying about whether they will be flagged as malicious behavior. We experimented wih multiple malicious files and our algorithm shows 98% efficacy.
Are anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgG/IgM antibodies always predictive of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection?
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Henry Brandon M. , Pighi Laura , De Nitto Simone , Salvagno Gian Luca
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND. We planned this study to verify whether immunoassays for quantifying anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM antibodies against both spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins may be used for identifying previous SARS-CoV-2 infections.
METHODS. The study population consisted of a cohort of fully vaccinated healthcare workers. All study subjects underwent regular medical visits and molecular testing for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections every 2-4 weeks since 2020. Venous blood was drawn for measuring anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with MAGLUMI 2019-nCoV lgG/IgM CLIA Assays directed against both SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins.
RESULTS. Overall, 31 (58.5%) subjects had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR throughout the study (24 once, 7 twice). No positive correlation was found between anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgM antibodies and molecular test positivity. In univariate regression analysis, both a molecular test positivity (r=0.33; p=0.015) and the number of positive molecular tests (r=0.43; p=0.001), but not vaccine doses (r= -0.12; p=0.392), were significantly correlated with anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgG antibodies. These two associations remained significant in multiple linear regression analysis (p=0.029 and p<0.001, respectively) after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, and vaccine doses. In ROC curve analysis, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgG antibodies significantly predicted molecular test positivity (AUC, 0.69; 95%CI; 0.55-0.84), with the best cut-off of 0.05 AU/mL displaying 67.9% accuracy, 0.97 sensitivity, and 0.27 specificity.
CONCLUSION. Although anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgG antibodies provides helpful information for identifying previous SARS-CoV-2 infections, a lower cutoff than that of sample reactivity should be used. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S/N IgM antibodies seem useless for this purpose.
Ultra-high dose rate dosimetry with miniaturized scintillation detectors coupled to optical fibers
Authors: Casolaro Pierluigi , Dellepiane Gaia , Gottstein Alexander , Mateu Isidre , Scampoli Paola , Braccini Saverio
Published: January 2023

FLASH radiotherapy is a novel radiation delivery modality, generally considered a potential breakthrough in cancer care. With ultra-high dose rates (>40 Gy/s) delivered in fractions of a second, FLASH is characterized by unique irradiation conditions which bring along new challenges in dosimetry and beam monitoring. This article reports on the validation of innovative detection systems based on sub-millimeter-sized fast scintillation detectors coupled to optical fibers. We characterized different scintillators, namely Gadolinium Aluminium Gallium Garnet (GAGG), yttrium doped barium fluoride (Y-BaF2), and polystyrene, by studying their response to ultra-high dose rate 18 MeV proton beams. Beam tests were carried out at the Bern medical cyclotron, providing beams for multidisciplinary research activities and commercial radioisotope production, that we characterized for ultra-high dose rates irradiations. The possibility of changing the scintillator to be coupled to the optical fiber gives great flexibility to the system, by allowing to measure proton dose rates up 10.4 kGy/s and mm-small fields with high time resolution. The measurements reported in this paper were performed at a sampling rate of 20 kHz, although data acquisition up to 10 MHz is possible. The developed detection system can be successfully used to measure ultra-high dose rates and it can be further optimized to address specific and essential issues of FLASH radiation therapy, including quality assurance, real-time beam monitoring and in-vivo dosimetry.
Historisches Lernen immersiv
Authors: Fenn Monika , Arlt Jakob
Published: January 2023

Theorie und Praxis im Lehramtstudium zielführend zu verbinden, gehört zu den vieldiskutierten Spannungsfeldern. Insbesondere das Führen von Unterrichtsgesprächen fällt gleichermassen Studierenden und Lehrpersonen in allen Unterrichtsfächern schwer. Im (Geschichts-)Unterricht nehmen Gespräche empirischen Studien zufolge häufig den grössten Teil der Unterrichtszeit ein, wenngleich ihre Effizienz angezweifelt wird. Denn sie sind oftmals gekennzeichnet von einer wenig reflektierten, allerdings dominanten, suggestiven und engführenden Fragehaltung der Lehrpersonen nach dem I-R-E-Muster (Initiation-Reply-Evaluation; Sinclair und Coulthard 1975). Das Ziel der in diesem Beitrag beschriebenen Pilotierungsstudie bestand darin zu untersuchen, inwiefern ein VR-Klassenzimmer als Trainingsraum geeignet sein könnte, entgegen solchen konventionellen Sprachhandlungsmustern bei den Studierenden Kompetenzen zur Führung dialogischer Unterrichtsgespräche zu fördern. Im VR-Klassenzimmer wird geübt, mithilfe des Impulsverfahrens denkoffene und zum gemeinsamen Reflektieren anregende Auswertungsgespräche zu führen. Den Inhalt bildet das häufig vernachlässigte (gemeinsame) Denken über die Konstruiertheit und Perspektivität von Urteilen im Geschichtsunterricht. In der Studie im Pre-Posttest-Design trainierte die Experimentalgruppe im VR-Klassenzimmer, reflektierte die Arbeitsergebnisse in begleiteten Coachings und erhielt theoretische Inputs. Die Kontrollgruppe hatte die Möglichkeit, in der schulischen Praxis zu üben. Erste Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Impulsanzahl in der Experimentalgruppe stark erhöht, das Fortschreiten der Proband:innen im Gespräch zunimmt (Zahl der Metadenkebenen) und gleichzeitig die benötigte Wortanzahl abnimmt.
Einstellungen und Werthaltungen von Sachunterrichtsstudierenden zum Lernen mit Augmented (AR) und Virtual Reality (VR) im Sachunterricht
Authors: Holzapfel Marisa Alena , Bakenhus Silke , Arndt Nicolas , Brückmann Maja
Published: January 2023

Bereits sehr junge Kinder sollen im Sachunterricht an das Lernen mit und über digitale Medien – wie AR (augmented reality) und VR (virtual reality) – herangeführt werden. Nicht nur die Kompetenz von Lehrpersonen im Umgang mit digitalen Medien ist ein entscheidender Prädiktor für erfolgreiche Medienbildung im Unterricht. Auch die Einstellung und Werthaltung der Lehrpersonen spielt eine entscheidende Rolle. Sind sie offen für den Einsatz digitaler Medien? Sehen sie diese als Gewinn für Schule und Unterricht? Wie schätzen sie ihre eigene Kompetenz und die ihrer Schüler:innen ein? Diesen Fragen geht der folgende Artikel nach. Nach einem kurzen theoretischen Rahmen zur Lehrpersonenprofessionalisierung und zum Lernen mit AR und VR im Sachunterricht folgt die Darstellung einer Studie, in der die Einstellung und Werthaltung von Sachunterrichtsstudierenden zu Schülervorstellung allgemein, zum Umgang mit AR und VR im speziellen und zur Sichtweise auf die eigene Kompetenz in Bezug auf AR und VR erfragt wurden. Insgesamt zeigte sich in dieser Studie, dass die Sachunterrichtsstudierenden Schülervorstellungen realistisch einschätzen können. Sie stehen dem Einsatz von AR und VR im Sachunterricht positiv gegenüber, schätzen ihre Kompetenz zur Gestaltung geeigneter Lernmaterialien mit den Technologien allerdings als gering ein, zeigen aber gleichzeitig hohes Interesse, dies zu erlernen.
A qualitative study of traditional healthcare practices: evidence from Ilorin less city
Authors: Olaitan Ahmed Ahmed , Ibrahim Muhammad Asmawi , Olubukola Nosiru Mojisola , Morenike Tokede Abiodun
Published: January 2023

The object of research: This study aimed to explore different forms of healthcare practice in Egbejila an Ilorin less city, Nigeria.

The investigated problem: Throughout the world, traditional healthcare practice leads the edge with regards to healthcare delivery for humanity. It follows that rural inhabitants marshal various forms of healthcare practice. This study investigated peculiar healthcare practices performed by traditional healthcare practitioners in Egbejila a rural Nigeria.

The main scientific results: The research study unveiled different and various dimensions and approaches of healthcare practice that are visualized and sustained as an indispensable component of continuity and survival of human entity.

The area of practical use of the research results: The results of this research study gave insight to various traditional healthcare services being sought after by rural inhabitants of variant cultural, religious, socio-political and economic backgrounds aside the orthodox medicine.

Scope of the innovative technological product: The study adopted purposive sampling procedure for the selection of key informants. A total of twenty-five (25) key informants were purposively selected. Data obtained through the recorded interviews were transcribed into Microsoft Word and was analyzed by using N-Vivo software
Distance learning technology in training competent master of dentistry under extreme conditions by evaluation of foreign students
Authors: Kulbashna Yaroslava , Skrypnyk Iryna , Kryzhanivska Oksana
Published: January 2023

The object of research: Masters of Dentistry professional training in Bogomolets National Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine) with the distance learning technology

Investigated problem: Educational process in extreme condition as pandemics and wars, possible ways to solve the problem how students and teachers cope with both challenges in Ukraine on the way of preparing competent doctor from the point of view of foreign students.

The main scientific results: Preliminary data of medical university students from foreign countries - future masters in dentistry of the Bogomolets Medical University (Kyiv, Ukraine) survey, conducted in term April-November 2022 about their perceptions of online learning and teaching in extreme conditions as they experienced during lockdown in terms of COVID -19 outbreak and continuing russian`s aggressive war in Ukraine. Our findings from survey concern questions of student`s general view on online educational technology as well peculiarities of approaches in teaching we can use for acceptable in such extreme conditions educational outcome. We start discussion about some useful methodological approaches for distance education technology in extreme conditions.

The area of practical use of the research results: Sharing with educational community our experience and features about distant learning in extreme conditions of dental students.
Experimental investigation of water to air heat exchanger performance as passive cooling strategy on ventilation system in tropical region
Authors: Lapisa Remon , Kurniawan Andre , Jasman Jasman , Yuvenda Dori , Putra Randi Purnama , Waskito Waskito , Karudin Arwizet , Krismadinata Krismadinata
Published: January 2023

This experimental study aims to investigate and analyze the performance of a Water-Air Heat Exchanger that functions as passive cooling in a building ventilation system in the tropics. Before being blown into the room, the high-temperature outdoor air will be passively cooled by the lower-temperature water. Air driven by an Inline Duct Fan with a constant mass flow rate of 4.68 cubic meters per minute flows through a PVC hose as a heat exchanger inserted into a full water reservoir with a diameter of 100 cm and a height of 110 cm. A heat exchanger hose with a diameter of 6.35 cm and a length of 4130 cm is installed in a spiral-circular manner with a total of 16 coils with a diameter of 80 cm to increase the heat transfer effectiveness between water and air. The passive cooling effectiveness is analyzed by decreasing the air temperature between the inlet and outlet of the ventilator after passing through the heat exchanger. The temperature, humidity, and daylight measurement data were carried out for 36 consecutive hours using a multichannel data logger at several locations; ventilator inlet, ventilator outlet, water in the tub, and outside air. The measurement results show that the designed water-to-air heat exchanger provides a significant passive cooling effect and can reduce air temperature to 6.88 °C. By utilizing the passive cooling effect, the cooling energy gain obtained during the measurement period in the ventilation system of this building is 8.3 kWh. The methodology and results of this research are expected to make a positive contribution to the development of the concept of energy-efficient buildings by using passive cooling techniques
A numerical research on the interaction between underwater explosion bubble and deformable structure using CEL technique
Authors: Nguyen Anh-Tu
Published: January 2023

The dynamic process of an underwater explosion (UNDEX) bubble in the vicinity of deformable structures is a complex phenomenon that has been studied by many researchers. The dynamic process of a UNDEX bubble is a complex transient problem that results in a highly distorted bubble and large deformation of the structure. The previous work has introduced various solutions for studying the interaction between the UNDEX bubble and deformable structure. The interaction between the bubble and nearby structures has been widely solved by the combination of the boundary element method (BEM) and the finite element method (FEM). However, this couple requires tight time-step controlling, long-time analysis, and large computer resources. Furthermore, this combination is not widely used as the FEM code in commercially available software for solving UNDEX bubble problems. This paper presents a coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) approach in commercial software to deal with the fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The numerical model of a UNDEX bubble is first developed and verified by comparing results with experimental, BEM, and empirical data. Then both bubble behavior and structural deformation are examined in various case studies. The numerical results show that the stiffness of the structure has strongly influenced the bubble behavior and the water jet development. The pressure pulse becomes significantly large as the bubble collapse. Besides, this numerical approach also can reproduce crucial phenomena of a UNDEX bubble, such as the whipping effect and water jet attacks. Although the numerical model is developed using simplified boundary conditions, the proposed approach shows the feasibility of simulating the important features of a UNDEX bubble process as well as the response of nearby structures.
Determination of the green function of a pulsed acoustic source in a uniform homogeneous flow with an arbitrary Mach number
Authors: Bryukhovetski Anatoliy , Vichkan' Aleksey
Published: January 2023

The wave field created by a pulsed point source of sound in a uniform homogeneous flow with an arbitrary value of the Mach number is theoretically studied. The aim of research is to obtain an analytical dependence of the sound field on physical parameters.

The space-waveguide Fourier expansion of the sound field is used to solve the Cauchy problem for the wave equation in a reference frame moving together with the medium. It is only necessary to transform the spatiotemporal dependence of the source, given in a fixed frame of reference, to a dependence in a moving frame of reference.

The transition to the description of the solution in the frame of reference, relative to which the medium moves at a constant velocity, is made taking into account the main properties of the generalized Dirac δ-function.

Analytical dependences of the sound field on physical parameters are obtained for both subsonic and supersonic flows. A comparison is made with the results of calculations for the case of a pulsed point source moving in a medium at rest. The solution obtained in this work for the case of an impulsive source moving in a medium at rest made it possible to trace its connection with the Green's function for a stationary source in a moving medium. The analytical dependence of the obtained solution for the Green's function makes it possible to write down the explicit form of the "characteristic solution surface", that is, the "wave front". It is shown that the difference between the solutions for subsonic and supersonic motion is characterized by the position of the source relative to the moving wavefront.

The calculation results can be used to describe the sound field created by an arbitrary spatiotemporal distribution of sound sources
The development of carbon monoxide oxidation reactor for multi-chamber furnaces for baking electrode blanks
Authors: Ivanenko Olena , Trypolskyi Andrii , Khokhotva Оleksandr , Mikulionok Igor , Karvatskii Anton , Radovenchyk Vyacheslav , Plashykhin Sergii , Overchenko Tanya , Dovholap Serhii , Strizhak Peter
Published: January 2023

The article highlights the development of cheap affordable highly efficient catalytic oxidation system of harmful components of industrial flue gases of carbon graphite enterprises, its design features according to the parameters of furnace equipment, which will significantly improve the environmental safety of metallurgical and machine-building enterprises. The presented calculation and design solutions, in addition to carbon production, can be used in environmental protection technologies at other environmentally hazardous facilities to neutralize toxic emissions.

The paper presents the calculation of the catalytic CO oxidation reactor made for the real flow rate of flue gases with temperature range 270−390 ºC, which come out of the combustion chamber of the Riedhammer "first fire" kiln, heated by the flue gases. For such medium exothermic processes, mass and heat transfer between gas flow and the outer surface of the catalyst grains is sufficient intense. In this case for description of the catalytic process in the reactor is sufficient to use quasi-homogeneous single-phase model.

The model of plug-flow reactor with a fixed bed of catalyst was used to calculate the flow parameters of the gas mixture through a reactor loaded with a composite zeolite-based manganese-oxide catalyst in the process of catalytic CO oxidation. The calculation results obtained using the software CHEMCAD 7.1.5 were almost identical to the previously made calculation. The peculiarity of the suggested solution was the use of the designed catalytic reactor for treatment of large volume of flue gases with low concentrations of CO at the companies of electrode carbon graphite production
In search for a new identity after spousal death: the desire to remarry among young widows in South Africa
Authors: Motsoeneng Molefi
Published: January 2023

The study aims to understand the desire of young widows in South Africa to remarry again after the loss of their spouse. These young widows lose their husband at very early stage of their lives and are faced with the challenges of raising their children alone. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 young widows, no more than a year after their husbands’ deaths. They participate in the interview process to share the search for an identity after the spousal death. Data was analysed by using thematic content analysis. Their responses mainly highlighted their desire to remarry and escape poverty. The thematic analysis indicated that remarrying was influenced by age, sexual desire, financial pressure, companionship, and community pressure. The widows find it very difficult to find a perfect match, as many men of their age group are already married. They find themselves dating married men. This is as a result of the shortage of men of their age group. Four major themes emerged from the interviews, namely age of the widow, financial support, ccompanionship, and if ostracised by the community. The findings of the study revealed that there is a strong desire for young widows to remarry, and this desire is met with many obstacles they must overcome along the way. The study recommends that men must be gender sensitive when dating widows; they are human too and need to be treated with respect.
Apparent prevalence of brucellosis, Q-fever and toxoplasmosis in aborted goat’s at North Shoa, Ethiopia
Authors: Alamerew Enyiew Alemnew , Yitagesu Erdachew , Areaya Alemnew , Aydefruhim Derib
Published: January 2023

Abortion imposes great economical loss in productivity and by product of small ruminants. The present study was conducted to determine the rate of abortion and apparent prevalence of Brucellosis, Toxoplasmosis and Q-fever in aborted goats from June 2015 to August 2019 in North Shoa, Ethiopia. During consecutive years of clinical case study 503 does were entered to mating, of which100 (19.5 %) animals aborted. There were significant differences (p=0.013) in abortion among parities. A total of 35 serum samples were collected from aborted does within six months periods. All samples were screened initially with Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) for Brucellosis. All RBPT positive were further tested by i-ELISA. Also, serums were tasted to screen specific antibody against Q-fever and Toxoplasmosis using i-ELISA. Of total tested 64.7 % and 8.6 % of them were positive for Q-fever and Toxoplasmosis, respectively, but neither of them was positive for Brucellosis. The present clinical study revealed that abortion was the cause of kids’ loss and serological investigation of antibody against Q-fever and Toxoplasmosis showed that the agents were the major causes of abortion. Even though there was no positive reactor does to brucellosis, the result must be interpreted with care since absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. Beside of this, some samples collected from active cases were sero-negative for neither of tested antibodies; it indicated there was other cause/s of abortion in the study site. These interesting findings deserve further detail study by using more sensitive diagnostic test in order to examine the full extent of the problem in small ruminant populations. Also, an awareness-raising campaign should be launched to educate farm workers and professionals about proper preventive and control measures for such zoonotic diseases
Tongue rolling and hand clasping among various ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Nwosu Nkechi Clara , Onwuka Osah Martins , Bob-Manuel Ibinabo Fubara
Published: January 2023

Morphogenetic traits are physical observable traits that can be inherited either in a single gene or multifactorial pattern. ABO blood group is a codominant inherited trait that has been associated with different anatomical and physiological variations. However, there are limited studies that have linked ABO blood groups with some morphogenetic traits.

This study was conducted to ascertain the distribution of morphogenetic traits like hand clasping and tongue rolling among ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria.

A total of 115 volunteers participated in the study. The blood groups of the participants were determined and the expression of the morphogenetic traits was gotten by physical observation. Greater proportion of the participants were males (55.65 %), students (61.74 %) and within ages 15−25 (58.26 %). There was a higher prevalence of blood group O (57.39 %), tongue non-rollers (53.04 %) and right hand clasping (74.78 %) among the participants. The participants with blood groups A and O recorded a higher distribution of tongue non-rollers while those with blood groups B and AB recorded an equal number of both tongue roller and non-rollers. The participants with blood groups A, B and O recorded a higher distribution of right hand clasping while those with blood group AB recorded a significant higher distribution of left hand clasping (P<0.05).

In conclusion, morphogenetic pattern of tongue rolling could not be associated with ABO blood group, whereas that of left hand clasping was associated with blood group AB suggesting that individuals with blood group AB is likely to exhibit left hand clasping; forming basis for determination of hand clasping using ABO blood group in future advancement of genetics and forensic science
Safety rationale for composite ore deposits underground mining in energy distributed masses
Authors:   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Vladimir Golik
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Composite ore deposits development in energy-disturbed masses is currently characterized by reduced ore areas, lower metal content in ore, deteriorated mining-geological and mining conditions, as well as stringent requirements for human safety in mining facilities influence zone. Research objective is to develop safety rationale for composite ore deposits underground mining, taking into account the geomechanical state of energy disturbed masses based on graph-analytical calculation methods for stable parameters of enclosing rock outcrop and filling material in during processing. Methods of research. A systematic approach was used, which contains an outcome analysis of research, development and design of new technologies and technical means that ensure the rational use and protection of subsoil, environment and population, taking into account advanced instrumental, geological, mine surveying and geomechanical support for standard and new methods. Results. A graphic-analytical method (nomograms and calculation formulas) is recommended to justify safe parameters of chambers based on the results of multi-year research during composite ore deposits underground development and depending on the rock mass properties. Safe parameters are determined from experience for a highly, moderately and sparsely jointed rock mass with horizontal outcrop. The Instruction on the Geomechanical Rationale for Safe Mining at GP VostGOK Mines, Ukraine, was also compiled. This will make it possible to improve mining and environmental safety of operations at the deposits of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other developed mining countries of the world.
Assessing the capacity of dredging excavations to place dredging tailings dumps in the course of deep and man-made placer mining
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Boris Talgamer
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The dredge stern is often backed up by dredging tailings in the course of deep and man-made placers dredging. One of the reasons for that is the decreased capacity of dredging excavations at the dumping point caused by collapsed pit walls, which is not taken into account by known design methods. Research objective is to evaluate the degree of the developed space capacity reduction at dredging pits for dredging tailings storage, depending on the dredging conditions. Methods of research. Capacity prediction for a dredging excavation for dredging tailings storage should consider natural slope formation of open pit walls during the period of dredge advance to a distance equal to the distance of the poop decks from the face. The degree of reduction in dredging excavation lower part receiving capacity should be set based on pit walls flattening, which depends on rock composition (cohesiveness degree), loose deposits thickness, face width, and dredge working parameters. Results. The results of graphic-analytical calculation revealed that dredging excavation lower part receiving capacity is reduced from 3 to 10% due to pit walls collapse as loose deposits thickness increases from 10 to 34 m for the most favorable face width of a 380-liter dredge, which may result in a significant increase in dredge stern backing up by dredging tailings. Conclusions. At deep and man-made placers, when calculating the parameters of a dredging tailings dump, it is recommended to introduce an amendment into the existing methods, that considers the developed space lower part capacity reduction due to pit walls collapse.
Monitoring the spontaneous combustion zone of a rock-coal massif using the ground-penetrating radar method
Authors:   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Vsevolod Kalaygoroda , Nikolay Nikulin ,   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Sergei Prostov ,   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Evgenii Shabanov ,   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Natalia Krupina ,   T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Endogenous fires are common and one of the most complex types of accidents in the mining industry. The main cause of endogenous fires is oxidation of combustible rock by oxygen. Existing fires significantly complicate mining operations, lead to the loss of coal reserves prepared for excavation, expensive coal-mining equipment, and cause huge economic losses associated with firefighting operations. Fired areas are sources of emissions of gases harmful for breathing into the atmosphere, so the environmental damage is also very significant. Due to the fact that endogenous fires are difficult to predict and forecast, especially in their initial stages, their study is relevant to scientists of the leading research institutes of the mining industry. Research objective is to investigate and analyze the effectiveness of the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method for diagnosing the spontaneous-combustion zones of the rock-coal massif. Methods of research. In order to assess the effectiveness of the GPR method, field experimental studies on the recognition and localization of underground fires were carried out. In order to determine the informative value of this method, wells were drilled and geological data was compared with the GPR survey results. Results. The site of an active underground fire was visually inspected to predefine the combustion areas; inspection results were presented in the paper. Using the method of GPR sounding and based on the typical anomalous zones location on fire radiograms, the fire sources were diagnosed by depth and on the plan. Boreholes were drilled to study the lithological structure of the rock mass. Additional GPR sounding was aimed at defining the width of the fire in plan more precisely. Conclusions. The GPR method makes it possible to obtain on-line data on the location of coal massif spontaneous-combustion zones and their sizes. This technology contributes to timely measures for preventing the development of underground fires in the territories of mines and open pits surface plants.
The surfactant inhaled therapy in a complex lung tuberculosis treatment: clinical reviews
Authors: Pavlenko E. P. , Rachina N. V. , Epifanova S. V.
Published: January 2023

The article describes the clinical case reports of patients with respiratory tuberculosis who were hospitalized at the Regional Clinical Antituberculosis Center in Kursk. One of them was in the pediatric department for patients with tuberculosis of respiratory organs and the other in the 1st department for patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. As pathogenetic therapy in the complex treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, in the intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, we added inhalation therapy with surfactant (medicinal product surfactant-BL lyophilisate for emulsion preparation, 75 mg, manufactured by Biosurf LLC, Russia) according to the instructions to the drug. Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis is performed by multiple inhalations of surfactant-BL as part of complex therapy against the background of fully deployed antituberculosis drugs (ATD), i.e. when the patient empirically or based on data on drug sensitivity of the pathogen is selected 4-6 ATD that are well tolerated by the patient in the prescribed dose and combination. It should be noted that an adult patient during the intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy had COVID-19. Against the background of inhalation therapy with surfactant, it was possible to stabilize the clinical and radiological condition of the patients, and to improve their condition. Clinically it was expressed in reduction of coughing, increase of tolerance to physical exertion. For example, according to spirometry data on the admission of an adult patient and in dynamics, the vital capacity index (VCI) increased from an extremely sharp decrease (31.25%) to 75%, which corresponded to a very mild decrease. At the moment the patient from the children’s ward is completing a course of antituberculosis therapy with small residual changes in the lungs, and the adult patient was operated on at the Russian Ministry of Health at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Research Center of Pulmonary Medicine” for installation of a bronchial valve. Based on the above, we can conclude about the successful, pathogenetically sound use of surfactant-BL in patients with respiratory tuberculosis in both children and adults.
Effectiveness of endometrial scratching in infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technologies
Authors: Semenchenko S. I. , Kasparova A. E. , Chegus L. A. , Chernaya E. E.
Published: January 2023

Embryo implantation is a key factor limiting the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies, and depends on the quality of the blastocyst and the susceptibility of the endometrium. Various methods of treatment aimed at improving the receptivity of the uterine mucosa, including endometrial scratching, have been proposed. At the same time, the main mechanisms underlying this intervention remain unclear. Moreover, the optimal duration of exposure to the uterine mucosa and the groups of patients in which it can have a positive effect have not been determined. The study aims to investigate the main mechanisms and evaluate the effectiveness of local endometrial damage performed at various times before embryo transfer in the program of assisted reproductive technologies in women with and without a history of implantation failures based on the analysis of scientific literature. Clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses were studied in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley publishers, on eLibrary, Research Gate platforms, in open sources of the scientific and educational segment of the Internet. The literature search was conducted by keywords: endometrial scratching, local endometrial damage, implantation failures, endometrial receptivity, assisted reproductive technologies, infertility. The search depth is 20 years. The main mechanisms of the effect of scratching on increasing endometrial receptivity include decidualization, the development of a local inflammatory reaction, as well as improved synchronization between the uterine mucosa and the transferred embryo by preventing premature maturation of the endometrium. Studies that showed a positive effect of local damage to the uterine mucosa were mainly conducted in patients with repeated implantation failures and with intervention in the luteal phase of the cycle preceding stimulation. At the same time, the work performed in a non-selective population of women and non-standardized by exposure time, in most cases, did not reveal the advantages of endometrial scratching. In this regard, additional qualitative randomized controlled trials with a large sample size and a clear identification of groups of patients for whom this intervention may benefit are required.
Laparoscopic cerclage – an effective method of treating cervical insufficiency
Authors: Averiaskina M. N. , Bakhtiyarov K. R. , Chilova R. A.
Published: January 2023

Laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage is becoming the preferred method of treating patients with repeated cases of preterm birth due to cervical insufficiency. This technique reduces the frequency of miscarriages in the second trimester and is an effective prevention of premature birth. This work analyzes modern techniques of applying serclage through transabdominal access: laparotomic, laparoscopic and robot-assisted using the da Vinci® device. Taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of each of these approaches, in clinical practice, preference should be given to the laparoscopic approach, since it is the safest (in terms of blood loss, risk of miscarriage, thrombosis of the veins of the lower extremities, as well as the cosmetic effect and hospital stay) and effective method of treating cervical insufficiency in repeated miscarriages (the frequency of childbirth in the full-term period after this operation is from 82% to 86%). Transabdominal serclage can be applied prophylactically in patients with repeated miscarriages and cervical insufficiency, transabdominal serclage does not have a negative effect on fertility. A promising operation using the da Vinci® device is inferior to the traditional laparoscopic approach, since it greatly exceeds it both in terms of the duration of the operation and in terms of cost, while having comparable efficiency. The option of highly effective treatment using minimally invasive methods suggests that laparoscopic transabdominal cerclage will become the standard of treatment for refractory isthmic-cervical insufficiency. This review examines the literature regarding the indications and results of laparoscopic cerclage.
Evaluation of the association of CES1 (rs2244613) polymorphisms with the safety of remdesivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Authors: Temirbulatov I. I. , Kryukov A. V. , Mirzaev K. B. , Denisenko N. P. , Abdullaev Sh. P. , Kachanova A. A. , Sozaeva Zh. A. , Zhiryakova A. S. , Shevchuk Yu. V. , Vechorko V. I. , Averkov O. V. , Sychev D. A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. An outbreak of novel COVID-19 infection has become a real challenge for the entire human society, and first of all for the healthcare services. The development of new drugs is a complex and lengthy process. At the beginning of the pandemic, it forced an intensive study of well-known drugs for the therapy. Remdesivir was first investigated as a potential treatment for Ebola virus. After beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, in vitro evaluations demonstrated its activity against SARS-CoV-2. Subsequent clinical studies showed the efficacy of remdesivir in shortening the time to recovery.

Aim. To evaluate the effect of the carriage of polymorphic alleles of the CES1 gene (A > C, rs2244613) on the safety profile of remdesivir therapy.

Materials and methods. A total of 154 patients hospitalized with coronavirus infection were included in the study. All patients received remdesivir as etiotropic therapy in the standard regimen: 200 mg on the first day followed by 100 mg daily for 5-10 days. In the course of observations, clinical and laboratory signs of adverse events were reported. Venous blood samples were collected from each patient for pharmacogenetic studies. Genotyping was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Statistical analysis: вata were analysed by using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 23.0.

Results. There were no significant associations of carriage of various CES1 variants with the frequency of adverse reactions (bradycardia, nausea, vomiting) and laboratory markers of adverse events (ALT, AST, creatinine levels).

Conclusion. In our study, no association was found between the carriage of CES1 gene polymorphisms and the safety parameters of remdesivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Further research into the possibilities of personalizing COVID-19 therapy through pharmacogenetic testing is needed.
Cognitive disorders in patients with cerebrovascular diseases in therapeutic practice: diagnostic and management algorithms
Authors: Shishkova V. N.
Published: January 2023

This review summaries  the main present-day knowledge  on the pathogenesis of cognitive impairement in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,  combining  both the development of severe  forms such as dementia, and early non-dementia forms of cognitive  impairment.  Risk factors, including  iatrogenic  ones, and the  mechanisms of development of various forms of cognitive impairment in patients with vascular pathologies are discussed  in detail. The definition of human cognitive functions and the modern classification  of cognitive impairment used in real clinical practice are given.  The clinical aspects  of cognitive impairment  in the  therapeutic practice  with a focus on the  review of a wide range  of specific complaints,  reflecting  the  likelihood  of cognitive impairment and non-cognitive symptoms are considered in detail, taking into account the current national  clinical guidelines of professional communities. Possible iatrogenic  factors that worsen the state  of cognitive functions, including an assessment of the anticholinergic drug load on the patient  are discussed  in detail, and a strategy for identifying and solving this issue as part of a therapeutic approach is provided. An algorithmic approach to the identification of non-dementia cognitive impairment in patients with cerebrovascular pathology  is presented by therapeutic specialists  working in the  primary outpatient healthcare sector. The laboratory and instrumental examination options for patients to identify reversible forms of cognitive impairment are considered in detail. The prospective of choosing preventive  non-drug and drug approaches, as well as the therapeutic strategy options for the use  of drugs  that  improve  the  central  nervous  system  functioning  during  management of patients with  cerebrovascular diseases, depending on the type of cognitive impairment in the general  practitioner practice are assessed.
Medical and social aspects of the problem of chronic purulent otitis media
Authors: Isachenko V. S. , Khamgushkeeva N. N. , Blinova M. L. , Tsydypova D. A. , Sotnikova K. I. , Dvoryanchikov V. V.
Published: January 2023

One of the current trends in otology is the prevention and treatment of chronic purulent otitis media (HCSO). The disease leads to decreased social activity, deterioration in the patients’ quality of life, often causes severe intracranial complications, and reduced perception of sounds at different frequencies with hearing impairment. The social significance of chronic purulent otitis media consists in a violation of working capacity in persons of the most mature age – 25–50 years, in connection with which, the disease causes certain economic damage to the state. In modern otorhinolaryngology, new therapeutic and diagnostic techniques are gradually being introduced, methodological approaches to surgical treatment and medicines for the treatment of HCG are being developed, which causes therapeutic and diagnostic progress, but in this regard has significantly increased the cost of medical care. The purpose of this work is to analyze from an economic, social and clinical point of view the effectiveness of medical care provided to patients with chronic purulent otitis media. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a literature review, collection and processing of material from official studies, published articles in domestic and foreign publications. Despite the significant advances made by modern otorhinolaryngology, the discussion regarding such a sinister disease and its medical and social aspects is still relevant. We can say that the etiological factors, the pathogenesis of HCSO have been studied quite carefully, the basic concepts of treatment have been developed. But there are new information and directions in this matter that need to be investigated. The problem of treating patients with chronic purulent otitis is of urgent importance for otosurgeons. Questions are being discussed about which type of surgical treatment (tympanoplasty) will be optimal, how many stages of intervention are required, what materials should be used. Тhe question of medical, economic and social justification for the disease of chronic purulent otitis media is subject to study. It is in this aspect that this problem is relevant.
ВОСПИТАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО КОМПОНЕНТА В УЧЕБНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ КОЛЛЕДЖА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ «ИСТОРИЯ И КУЛЬТУРА КРАСНОЯРСКОГО КРАЯ»)
Authors: Уразова Ю.Е.
Published: January 2023

В статье рассмотрена роль изучения истории и культуры региона как одного из аспектов духовной культуры России в подготовке будущих педагогов. На примере создания виртуальных экскурсий показан воспитательный потенциал реализации регионального компонента основной профессиональной образовательной программы.
Assessing drinking water quality and health risks of contaminants in the coastal areas of Cambodia
Authors: Sao Vibol , Chey Chan Oeurn , Sriv Tharith , The Noreaksatya , Phin Samnang , Hoeng Sophanith , Phan Kongkea
Published: January 2023

The present study aimed to assess the health risks of chemical contaminants of residents in the coastal areas of Cambodia through their drinking water pathways. Water was sampled from tube wells (n= 22), dug wells (n= 31), ponds (n= 11), canals (n= 12) and lakes (n= 4) across the Cambodian coastal areas, and measured for the contaminants of health concern (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, F−, NO2-, NO3-, Pb, Escherichia coli and total coliform) and aesthetic quality following the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and standard methods. Analytical results reveal that 9.1% of tube wells and 9.7% of dug wells contained As > 0.01 mg/L. Appropriately, 22.7% of tube wells and 32.3% of dug wells contained Fe > 0.3 mg/L while 100% of tube wells and 80.6% of dug wells contained Mn > 0.1 mg/L. Health risk assessment found that the hazard quotient (HQ) > 1 for children and women. Additionally, the lifetime cancer risk (LCR) was found >1 × 10−4 for As in Cambodian coastal areas. Therefore, a monitoring programme and appropriate treatment to remove contaminants like arsenic, cadmium and fluoride would be required to ensure a safe drinking water supply to Cambodian coastal residents.