bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure and Luminescent Properties of Complex [Eu0.5Gd0.5(C12H9O2)2(C12H8N2)2(H2O)2]•(C12H9O2)•H2O
Authors: Xia Hai Tao , Liu Yu Fen , Rong De Fu
Published: July 2012

One new rare-earth ternary complex with 1-naphthylacetic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline, [Eu0.5Gd0.5(C12H9O2)2(C12H8N2)2(H2O)2]•(C12H9O2)•H2O were synthesized. The structures were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The europium (gadolinium) ion is eight-coordinate with four oxygen and four nitrogen atoms forming a coordination polyhedron best describable as a distorted dodecahedral. The luminescence spectra of the complex in a solution of DMF were studied. The complex display characteristic Eu(III)-originated red emission as a sharp band at 617 nm. It is concluded that the metal-centered red emission is promoted by the ligand-assisted energy transfer.
Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) Schiff Base and their Catalytic Activities for Heck Reaction
Authors: Mohd Tajuddin Amalina , Bahron Hadariah , Kassim Karimah , Ibrahim Wan Nazihah Wan , Fun Hoong Kun
Published: July 2012

The syntheses, physico-chemical and spectroscopic characterization of ovan-type Schiff-base ligands (L1, L2) and their novel mononuclear Pd(II) complexes (PdL1, PdL2) are reported herein. Elemental analysis, FT-IR,1H NMR as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements characterised the compounds. The catalytic potential of the Pd(II) complexes for Heck coupling reaction were investigated and monitored using GC. It was observed that both Pd(II) complexes displayed properties of good catalysts for the reaction, indicated by 100% conversion of the starting materials to the subtituted alkene product after 6 hours of reaction time at 100°C in inert conditions. The catalytic activity was compared with the reaction without Pd(II) complexes.
An Efficient Synthesis of Furil
Authors: Wang Lu Yao , Meng Dong , Li Lu , Cai Xin
Published: July 2012

By employing thiamine (vitamin B1) as the catalyst, the synthesis of furoin from furfuraldeyde has been developed. Furoin is oxidized to furil by Cu(OAc)2-NH4NO3 as an oxidant. The reaction condition is optimized and the reaction mechanism is discussed in this paper. The synthesized furoin and furil are characterized by means of Mass, IR and UV spectrum.
Sythesis and Characterization of Novel Discotic D-A-D System Composed of Perylene Diimide and Thiophene
Authors: Yang Teng Zhou , Wang Wen Guang , Cheng Rui , Jiang Yu , Pu Jia Ling
Published: July 2012

A novel discotic D-A-D system compound composed of perylene diimide (PDI) and thiophene was synthesized through photocyclization under sunlight in the presence of catalytic amount I2 and characterizated by 1H NMR.
Improved Preparation of 2,2-Dithiobis(Pyridine-N-Oxide)
Authors: Li Shu An , Li Run Lai , Zhang Zhen Ming , Zhu Kai , Wang Guang Jie
Published: July 2012

2,2-Dithiobis(pyridine-N-oxide) (1) was prepared by reacting 2-pyridinethiol-N-oxide (2) and hydrogen peroxide-urea adduct (3) at the molar ratio of 1:1.25 and 45oC for 1.75h in high yield and purity of 91.6% and 99.6% respectively. The structures of product were characterized by IR, NMR.
Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Commercially Important Fish Species (Sardine, Anchovy and Mackerel)
Authors: Feng Yu Wei , Ma Li Zhen , Du Yu Can , Fan San Hong , Dai Rui Tong
Published: July 2012

Crude protein, total lipids, moisture, total ashes and selected mineral (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) content, fatty acid and amino acid composition were determined in the muscle tissue of three widely consumed fish species (sardine, anchovy and mackerel) obtained from Quanzhou of China. All fish species were high in protein (21.46%~22.75%), with total lipid and moisture content varied from 2.24% to 8.23% and from 69.7% to 74.9%, respectively, depending on the species. Total ash content range from 1.25%~1.63% but macrominerals content varied considerably with Mg content ranged from 470.24mg/100g to 687.45mg/100g and Ca levels ranged from 16.40mg/100g~109.22 mg/100g depending on the species. The most abundant microminerals were Fe and Zn followed by Cu and Mn. In all the three species, palmitic acid (28.44%~30.62%) was the predominant saturated fatty acid. Oleic acid (11.23%~22.15%) was the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid. DHA was the main polyunsaturated fatty acids, followed by EPA. Sardine had the highest DHA (12.74%). Amino acid compositions were similar for the three species which were high in glutamate, lysine, leucine and aspartate and low in cysteine. Almost all amino acids content of anchovy were higher than other two species.
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel Retarded Acid Additive
Authors: Quan Hong Ping , Lu Hong Sheng , Zhang Tai Liang , Dai Shan Shan
Published: July 2012

A novel acidizing additive is developed to improve acidizing effectiveness, especially to solve the problems during acidizing process, like rapid acid-rock reaction rate etc. The monomer was synthetized by Mannich reaction. Experimental results indicate that the optimum conditions are: mass ratio 18.5:8:14 of formaldehyde to amine A and phosphorus B, reaction temperature 90°C, reaction time 14h, polymerization inhibitor hydroquinone dosage 0.25%, under which the degree of conversion amounts to 91%. Infrared spectrum shows the feasibility of synthesis scheme. Then the monomer copolymerized with AMPS under the conditions: mass ratio 24.2:4 of monomer to AMPS, reaction temperature 80°C, reaction time 1h, monomer concentration 40%, and initiator dosage 2.0%. The corrosion and secondary precipitate performance of the retarded acid system was investigated. The results indicate that this operating fluid has superior retarding effectiveness and excellent secondary precipitate behavior. By core displacement experiment, the excellent retarding property of the retarded acid was further confirmed.
Convenient Partial Purification of Glucose Oxidase from Aspergillus niger A9 Fermentation Broth by Reversed Micelles
Authors: An Hong , He Xi Feng , Gao Shu Gang
Published: July 2012

Aim of this work was to establish the optimum conditions for the extraction and recovery by cationic reversed micelles of glucose oxidase (GOX) from Aspergillus niger A9, The influence of pH, temperature, solvent/co-solvents ratio on the extraction was investigated by experiment, using the residual enzyme activity to evaluate the results. The best condition for GOX extraction were ensured using iso-octane as solvent and butanol and n-hexanol co-solvent at 76/18/6 volume ratio, pH 4.80, 200mM cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as cationic surfactant, The enzyme activity of GOX is measured by DNS method (3,5-dinitro salicylic acid method). In the extraction process, ultrasonic oscillation was adopted to mix organic solvent and water, ultrasonic oscillation temperature is 45 °C. Protein activity recovery of GOX can reach 88.2% in extraction.
Research Progress on Processing Technology of Tripe
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Chang Cheng , Zhou Shi Yi , Li Jing , Song Zhi , Hou Fang Mei
Published: July 2012

Tripe (maodu) is a traditional food in china, it is a slaughter by-product of beef industry and it has significant economic value. Increasing the application of slaughter by-products (including tripe) has economic importance in beef industry and research on processing technology of tripe is one of the major directions, but this field is lack of research at home and abroad. This paper summaries the processing technology of tripe, introduces a new processing technique which increases the yield to 145%, discusses its influence on food safety and expects the application prospects in tripe industry.
Research on Rubber/SBS Modified Asphalt by MSCR Test
Authors: Qiao Xiao Bing , Li Xiao Min , Wei Ding Bang
Published: July 2012

Multiple stress creep recovery test (MSCR) as an effective evalution mothed for polymer modified asphalt was studied newly,and was formed a new ASTM standard.In this article, SBS modified asphalt,rubber asphalt,and rubber/SBS composite modified asphalt were taken a multiple stress creep recovery test (MSCR) through the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), value of Jnr and Jnr-diff from MSCR test of different modified asphalt were studied according to ASTM D7405-08.The results showed the rubber / SBS modified asphalt had a lower Jnr compared with the other two,which indicating that it had an obvious advantage on high temperature deformation resistancing.Furthermore,low Jnr-diff value was related with lower dependence on the shear stress. made it applicable to conditions such as high temperature and overload or long steep road construction; MSCR test also provides a reasonable basis for choosing modified asphalt in such geological and climate conditions.
The Study of Contamination and Coarsening in Sintering Silicon Powder
Authors: Tsai Jung Ting , Han Cheng Yu , Lin Shung Tian
Published: July 2012

The goal of this study was to investigate the sintering mechanism of Si powder, with the particle size of Si, sintering temperature, and sintering environment as the variables. The use of a crucible, by controlling the vapor atmosphere at certain temperatures, coarsened the silicon powder. Experiment of data show that by avoiding the vapor pressure of crucible a sintering at 1380°C causes the silicon powder easily to sinter to high density, without the use of any doping addition. Therefore it is to our advantage to discover the microstructure phenomenon of silicon powder and reveal its nature. The crystalline structure of the heat-treated samples was studied with Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to explain the resultant of contamination that causes the densification.
Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Hardness of SKD 61 Hot Work Tool Steel Using Gas Metal Arc Welding
Authors: Kanchanasangtong Teerayut , Surapunt Supachai
Published: July 2012

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of heat input on microstructure and hardness of SKD 61 hot work tool steel by using Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. The specimens made of SKD 61 steel plates were austenized and oil-quenched to room temperature, then they were double tempered. Base on identical welding specification procedure (WPS), the specimens were automatically welded by GMAW machine. The consumable copper coated-solid wire electrode was used for surfacing in the GMAW process. The microstructures at the HAZ of specimens for all conditions were composed mainly of martensite with some retained austenite in the dendritic segregation pattern. With the higher heat input resulted in increasing in hardness, which resulted from transformation of retained austenite to martensite.
Research on Lubricating Properties of Alcohol and Ester in Stainless Steel Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Zhang Xu , Wang Shi Ting , Sun Jian Lin , Ding Guo Hong
Published: July 2012

aliphatic ester, aliphatic alcohol, stainless steel, cold rolling oil Abstract: In this paper, the deeply hydrogenated mineral oil 60N was used as base oil. The additives such as mixture of dodecanol and tetradecyl alcohol, hexadecanol alcohol, octadecyl alcohol, ethyl hydride laurate, methyl palmitate and butyl stearate were separately added to the base oil by 10 percent. Evaluate its physical and chemical properties, and cold rolling experiments were carried out on both 202 and 304 stainless steel lubricated by different rolling oil. The results showed that the aliphatic alcohol have better performance in lubricating and volatilizing properties than fatty acid ester. Moreover, the octadecyl alcohol showed the best lubricating properties compared with selected aliphatic alcohol.
Study on the Refinement of Phenetole
Authors: Chen Zhou , Zhang Wei Jiang , Xu Jiao
Published: July 2012

In this work,technological process of the refinement of phenetole by continuous distillation method is introduced and, the effects of reflux ratio, operating pressure and location of feed tray on the distillation process are analyzed. The optimal operating conditions for refining phenetole in laboratory are: operating pressure is 50Kpa, feed tray location is the 35th theoretical plate, total reflux and product outlet location is the 5th plate. The phenetole of high-purity could be obtained with both water and phenol content under 100ppm.
Actions of Temperature on the Structure and Properties of Hemp Fibre
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Hua , Zhang Jian Chun
Published: July 2012

As to demonstrate the effect of treatment temperature on hemp fibre, this article recorded and compared the change of supramolecular structure and properties of hemp fibre under different processing temperature (150°C and -30°C). The result shows: the change of processing temperature can affect the crystallinity of hemp fibre, with the rise of treatment time, the crystallinity of fiber increases at high temperature and is contrary at low temperature. Meantime, the degree of thermodynamic change is higher at low processing temperature than that of high temperature. Furthermore, with the rise of treatment time, the moisture regain of fibre fluctuates under high temperature and rises under low temperature.
The Preparation of Waterborne Sodium Bisulfite - Blocked Polyurethane Curing Agent
Authors: Zhang Chao Gao , Qiu Xing , Hu Yi , Chen Jin Ling , Wang Sheng Peng , Liu Jin Qiang
Published: July 2012

waterborne sodium bisulfite－blocked polyurethane was using polyether diols(N210), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the main material, sodium bisulfite as blocking agent, ethanol as the cosolvent. The effect of temperature and time of blocking reaction, alcohol than water were carefully studied. The best process parameter of blocking reaction: the temperature was 20°C; the reaction time was 45min; n(NaHSO3):n(NCO)=1.1; alcohol than water=1.85; the deblocking temperature determined by DSC was about 76～130°C
Preparation and Application Properties Appraisement of Ecological Polyacrylate Pigment Binder
Authors: Zhang Peng , Quan Heng
Published: July 2012

Five groups of polyacrylate dispersion are prepared with emulsion polymerization technique. Methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St) are employed as basic polymerizing monomers; acrylic acid (AA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as reactive monomers; sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), composite fatty alcohol ether polyethylene oxide (composite AEO) as emulsifier and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The polymerizing monomers and their charge ratio, pH of pre-emulsions and product emulsions as well as the dosage of ecological cross linker GMA are changed for their effects on the reaction conversion rate, gelatinization rate and staining resistance, yellowing resistance and water tolerance of samples. The studies show that the pH value of pre-emulsion and product emulsion as well as GMA content act on remarkable effects on the application properties of the ecological polyacrylate pigment binder.
Electrical and Optical Properties of Al-Sn Co-Doped ZnO Thin Films Deposited by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Pan Zhan Chang , Tian Xin Long , Hu Guang Hui , Xiao Chu Min , Wei Zhi Gang , Wu Shou Kun , Li Zhu Liang , Deng Jian Feng
Published: July 2012

Al–Sn co-doped ZnO thin films were fabricated onto quartz glass substrates by the sol-gel method. The surface morphology, electrical and optical properties at different post-deposition heating temperatures were investigated. The grains of preferred c-axis showed a well-mixed microstructure and the peak height was enhanced with the post-deposition heating temperature increasing from 400°C to 600°C. Doped films showed a preferential orientation along the (002) plane, while the preferential orientation changed to the (101) plane when temperature was higher than 500°C. The lowest resistivity 6×10–3Ω•cm was observed from samples made at 500°C, with an average 91.2% optical transmittance in the visible range. In this study, optical band gap of all the doped films were broadened, regardless of post–deposition heating temperature.
Microstructure and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Laser Cladding (TiC+TiN)-NiCrWC Powder Composite Coating on DZ125 Superalloy
Authors: Zhou Jun , Xie Fa Qin , Jia Jing Fang , Lin Nai Ming , Wu Xiang Qing
Published: July 2012

Ni-based TiN-TiC composite coating was fabricated on DZ125 superalloy surface by laser cladding. The phase constitution and microstructures were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Microhardness measurements and wear experiments without lubrication were also accomplished. The experimental results showed that a pore- and crack-free coating with metallurgical bonding to the substrate was obtained. Solidification morphologies along the section of the coating varied from directional dendrite in the interface to random dendrite in the surface. The coating was mainly composed of γ-Ni, M23C6, TiN, TiC particles and a small amount of NiTi, respectively. The average microhardness of 705HK for the coating was 2.3 times higher than that of the substrate. Wear tests indicated that wear resistance of the coating was significantly improved compared with that of the substrate. The improvement in hardness and wear resistance was attributed to TiN and TiC phase and chromium carbide uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the Ni-based TiN-TiC composite coating.
Directionally Solidified Laser Cladding
Authors: Hu Bin , Hu Fang You , Huang Xu Ren
Published: July 2012

To repair a directionally solidified aero blade, laser cladding on GH710 substrate using stainless steel powder and Ni-based alloy powder by Nd:YAG laser was carried out. The condition of achieving directional solidification in the open and normal temperature environment was researched. The effect of technical parameter and powder composition on the microstructure of the cladding layer was analysed. The microstructure of the cladding layer was investigated. The results show that the directionally solidified cladding layer was acquired by the appropriate technical parameter. It was difficult for the Ni-based powder cladding layer to get directionally solidified cladding layer in comparison with the stainless steel powder.
New Technology of Preparation of TiO2/Tourmaline by Dry Coated Method and its Application in Coating
Authors: Wang Ping , Xu Wen Qian , Wang Ting Li , Li Zhi Feng , Wang Chun Xiang , Guo Wei , Wu Su Ying
Published: July 2012

The high whiteness tourmaline composite powder was prepared with powder coating method in which TiO2 as the coating agent and the stearic acid as the coupling agent. The powder coating method system theoretical research was improved to aim at resolving the tourmaline’s limited applications in environmental health field due to the darker color. Theory and test results show that when the tourmaline and the coating agent mass ratio of about 2:1, the best results by scanning electron microscopy indicating that the tourmaline composite powder particle size prepared of this ratio is uniform with the composite powder whiteness of 74.5% which is 23.5% higher than building whiteness of the direct coating agent for mechanical mixing with tourmaline powder. After the composite powder was used to prepare the coating, the results show that the whiteness is 87.1% after formatting coating and negative ions incremental release over the 800 ions/cm3 when the content of tourmaline is 11%.
Study of Flame-Retardant and Waterproof Breathable Fabric by Coating Finishing
Authors: Gu Yan Nan , Zheng Jin Huan , Chen Yang Yi
Published: July 2012

Organic flame retardant of N-P complex type and inorganic flame retardant hydrotalcite were respectively added to waterproof breathable coating agent ,the influence of dosages of two fla- me retardants on the flame retardancy of coated fabric were studied ,and the influence of the optim- al dosages of different flame retardants on the waterproof breathable permeability of coated fabric were investigated . The results show that adding inorganic flame retardant hydrotalcite has better flame-retardant and waterproof breathable permeability when the addition of hydrotalcite is 5% quality of coating agent , after-flame time and after-glow time of coated fabric are 0s, char length is 10.5cm, moisture quantity is 7247g/m2•24h, water pressure resistance is 430mmH2O.
Composition Patterns of Logical Net Elements
Authors: Liu Wei , Du Yu Yue , Qi Liang , Yan Chun
Published: July 2012

A logical net element model is defined according to logical Petri net in this paper.On the basis of logical expression reasoning, the compositional operations and matching patterns of LNEs are presented. Some sufficient conditions to judge the matching pattern of two composite LNEs are obtained by theorems.
Numerical Simulation on Thermal Energy Storage Behavior of Cu-H2O Nanofluids
Authors: Li Xin Fang , Zhao Su Fen , Wang Xian Ju
Published: July 2012

The cold storage of nanofluids as the phase material in a two-dimensional enclosure was numerically simulated with Fluent software. The effect of copper particle concentration and Grashof number on cold storage properties was investigated. The results indicate that the cold storage properties exhibit little sensitivity to Grashof number, but the volume fraction of the nanoparticle is main effective factor on the cold storage properties. For a given initial Grashof number, as the solid particle volume fraction is raised the freezing time is lowered. Adding 1.0% Cu nanoparticles into pure water, the total freezing time can be saved by 16.3%. This is due to the enhanced thermal conductivity of the nanofluid in comparison to that of the base liquid. At the same time, due to lowering of the latent heat of fusion, less energy per unit mass of the nanofluid is needed for freezing the nanofluids. The observed higher heat release rate of the nanofluids is a clear indicator of its great potential for thermal energy storage applications.
Simulating Pipe Reactor of Biological Growth in Single-Phase Laminar Flow Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics and Reaction Dynamics by OpenFOAM
Authors: Yang Xiao Guang , Dong Hong Xing , Zhang Xing Hua
Published: July 2012

Pipe reactor simulation of biological growth was investigated based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and reaction dynamics in single-phase laminar incompressible flow with the open-source software, OpenFOAM. OpenFOAM supplied a kind of open structure, which made it convenient to add a suitable physical model with CFD equations according to the problem. In order to compute mass transfer and biological growth as a reaction with fluid flow, the component conservation equation was listed with Navier-Stokes equations. With the equations, a pipe reactor was simulated by our solver which was developed based on OpenFOAM. By the simulation, the pressure, velocity and component mass fraction can be obtained at different time and position, which is important to analyze equipments in chemical engineering. Although some details need to be considered such as the definition of reaction term, the boundary conditions, etc., reactor simulation with OpenFOAM has showed very large potential.
Motion Simulation of Key Components in a Package Machine
Authors: Kan Shu Bin
Published: July 2012

The motion characteristic of key components is a decisional factor to the working reliability and stability of a package machine. In this paper, the motion simulation of a key component is carried out in the ADAMS software environment. By analysis of the force, variance of the center-of-mass and the moment of the component, the mutation point in the motion is found, and then the structure is optimized by selection of different structural parameters. The optimization result shows a significant improvement for the reliability and stability of the whole machine.
Phase Field Modeling of Multilayer Epitaxial Growth
Authors: Yang Wei , Feng Lu , Wang Jing , Hao Yi
Published: July 2012

We report simulations of multilayer epitaxial growth using a previously proposed continuum phase ﬁeld model [2, 5]. For island growth in the multilayer regime, this phase-ﬁeld model reproduces mound structures consistent with experimental images concerned. We focus on the evolution of morphology on multilayer islands under a certain condition. Roughness of epitaxial surface increases rapidly with the coverage increasing when the deposition rate is larger than a critical value. Layer-by- layer growth is the most primary method among the styles of islands growth under low deposition rate. Roughness is independent of temperature, when the temperature is larger than a critical value.
Performance of Modified Aramid Fiber Reinforced Phenolic Foam
Authors: Yu Huan Yang , Wang Li Yan , Gai Guang Qing
Published: July 2012

A chemical modification was adopted to treat the surface of aramid fibers.The influences of aramid fibers on the friability and compression behavior of phenolic foam before and after modification were studied.Compared with unmodified aramid fiber-reinforced phenolic foam ,foam reinforced with modified aramid fibers exhibits significantly lower friability, higher compressive strength and compressive modulus. The thermal conductivity and Oxygen index of modified aramid fiber- reinforced phenolic foam hasn’t obviously been changed compared with the unmodified counterpart.
In Situ Polymerization and Characterization of Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Lian , Yu Teng , Wang Pei , Wang Guang Shuo
Published: July 2012

Nanocomposites of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and layered double hydroxide (LDH) were prepared by in situ polymerization at low LDHs loadings in this work. The resultants were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). FTIR showed that the PCL/LDHs nanocomposites were prepared successfully by in situ polymerization and XRD spectra showed that the crystal structure did not change greatly in the presence of LDHS. DSC results confirmed that LDHs could act as nucleating agents. UV-vis spectra showed that LDHs had stronger absorbance peak than LDH. Moreover, the PCL/LDHs nanocomposites had strong anti-ultraviolet effect by introduction of LDHs into polymer matrix.
Study on Novel Structure of Yttrium Complex: C4H12K2O22S2Y2
Authors: Liu Hai Xing , Zhuang Ting Yan , Pan Qing Zhi , Yue Hui Juan , Zeng Guang , Tai Xi Shi
Published: July 2012

A novel Yttrium complex C4H12K2O22S2Y2 has been synthesized from a single solution reaction and the crystal structure has been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Y1 atom is coordinated by eight O atoms. The crystal is stable by the help of O-H…O intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds interaction.
Study on Novel Structure of Gadolinium Complex: Gd (C3 H6O9)
Authors: Liu Hai Xing , Wan Li Mei , Pan Qing Zhi , Yue Hui Juan , Zeng Guang , Tai Xi Shi
Published: July 2012

A novel Gadolinium complex Gd (C3O9H6) has been synthesized from a hydrothermal reaction and the crystal structure has been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Gd atom is coordinated by sixteen O atoms. The two-dimensional layered structure is formed and exhibits extensive O-H…O hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tetragonal Phase CuInS2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Chen Zhi Xin , Ye Ya Zhen , Huang Han Jie , Xiao Guang Can , He Yun Hui
Published: July 2012

The tetragonal phase CuInS2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the reaction of Cu(Ac)2, InCl3·4H2O and thioacetamide by hydrothermal method at 200 °C for 6 h in pH 1. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Experimental results indicate that reaction temperature and the pH of solution are the important factors in the formation of CuInS2. The SEM and TEM results illuminated that the CuInS2 was composed of so many nanoparticles.
Synthesis, Characterization of Pr-TiO2 Nanoparticles and their Photocatalytic Mechanism
Authors: Huang Feng Ping , Fan Ying Ge , Sun Jing Jing
Published: July 2012

The Pr-TiO2 photocatalyst samples were prepared by sol-gel method for improving the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The resulting materials were analyzed by XRD, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was evaluated by degradation of methyl orange under UV irradiation. It was found Pr doping retard the growth of crystalline size and the phase transformation from anatase to rutile. Praseodymium doping could bring about remarkable improvement in the photoactivity. This high activity was attributed to produce the lattice distortion and inhibit efficiently of the recombination of the electron-hole by Pr3+.
Study on Accelerated Corrosion Test Environment Spectrum of Aluminum Alloys in a Typical Marine Atmosphere
Authors: Xing Shi Bo , Li Xiao Gang , Li Li
Published: July 2012

With the increasing effects of a corrosive environment on aluminum alloys, the corrosion of aluminum alloys has become a severe problem. In this paper, the accelerated corrosion test environment spectrum and corrosion equivalent relationship was systematically studied. The Accelerated Corrosion Test Environment Spectrum of aluminum alloys under a typical marine atmospheric environment was established. The Spectrum is composed of three parts, namely, a periodic infiltration test, a UV irradiation test, and a salt spray test. The Spectrum can well simulate aluminum alloy corrosion in a typical marine atmospheric environment.
A Meso-Substituted Tripyrrin Metal Complex as the Candidate for Fluorescent Material
Authors: Liu Peng Peng , Feng Ya Qing , Gu Cheng Zhi , Li Cheng Jie , Meng Shu Xian , Zhang Bao
Published: July 2012

We herein report the synthesis of bis-(5,10-diphenyltripyrrin)nickel(II), which is the first meso-substituted tripyrrin metal complex. The use of tripyrrane as the starting material provides a new synthetic route to tripyrrins. The functionalization on the meso positions endows this type of compound a brighter perspective in synthetic chemistry. Meanwhile, the fluorescent property of the compound has been detected, indicating that this type of compound a strong candidate for fluorescent materials.
Luminescent Properties and Mechanism of Gd1-x-yAlO3:Tbx,REy Gradational Combinatorial Library
Authors: Luo Lan , Xiong Zhi Hua , Zhou Nai Gen , Zhang He Peng
Published: July 2012

The combinatorial material library approach is an excellent innovation for inorganic functional material research, and it can discover and screen new materials efficiently. In this paper, it is used to quickly find and improve Tb3+activated gadolinium aluminate perovskite phosphors (Gd1-x-yAlO3: Tbx, REy, RE ion vary among Ce3+,4+, Dy3+, abbreviate as GAP:Tb,RE). Under UV light excitation, Gd1-x-yAlO3: Tbx, REygradational combinatorial library indentifies the “lead” green luminescent compound as GAP:Tb0.1from all the GAP:Tbx(x=0.05~0.15) candidates in a quick way. Then the relationship between sensitizers and activators can be also mapped out quickly, that Dy3+, is a good sensitizer for Tb3+,activator while Ce3+,4+is not a suitable one. The photoluminescent excitation (PLE) and photoluminescent emission (PL) spectral indicate the resonance energy transfer between the activator and sensitizer must have happened, which leads to Ce3+,4+co-doping decrease Tb3+green luminescence（5D4→7F5，544nm） while Dy3+co-doping increase green luminescence. The candidates in the library are prepared in powder form by nitric-citric method for more detailed characterization. All the screening results, obtained from the combinational library, are coherent with the powder phosphor experiments.
Concentration Phase Transitions in Two-Sublattice Magnets
Authors: Belokon Valery I. , Nefedev Konstantin V. , Dyachenko Olga I.
Published: July 2012

Phase transitions and critical phenomena are investigated within a two-sublattice model. In the framework of the random fields with the exchange interaction method the system of equations is obtained. It allows us to establish conditions under which magnetic phase transitions are possible. Critical concentration of ferromagnetic atoms which is necessary for the existence of ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases is determined.
The Preparation and Research of β-Chitosan/HA Composite Magnetic Microspheres
Authors: Gu Li Peng , Peng Xiao Qing , Jiang Chen , Zhao Chang Chun
Published: July 2012

In this work, we demonstrate β-Chitosan(βCS) made from the skin of maggot has higher viscosity, better activity and lower heavy metal concentration in comparison with α-Chitosan made from shrimp shell and crab shell. This study is basedon hydroxyapatite(HA) as the matrix. The method of reverse phase suspension cross-linking was adopted in the experiment to prepare Fe3O4/βCS magnetic microspheres. Then magnetic Fe3O4/βCS/HA composite microspheres were prepared by compounding Fe3O4/βCS with HA via in situ precipitation method. Through our experiments, we found the concentration of βCS 1.5%, Fe3O4/βCS mass ratio of 9.05, and stirring speed of 1200r/min to be the optimal conditions. Furthermore, the structure and morphology of β-magnetic chitosan microspheres were analyzed with XRD and SEM, and the average particle diameters were determined to be 10μm. With the productivity of β-magnetic chitosan microspheres is above 50%, the magnetic Fe3O4/βCS/HA composite microspheres are expected to become promising multi-functional bone repair materials.
Novel Ag@Ag3PO4: A Highly Efficient Photocatalyst under Visible Light
Authors: Gong Liang Fa , Zhang Xiao Pei , Yuan Xiao Ya , Yao Fang Fang
Published: July 2012

Recently, silver nanoparticles(NPs)-based photocatalysts have attracted more attention due to their enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. In this work, a new Ag@Ag3PO4photocatalyst have been prepared by precipitation replacement and reduction methods. The products were characterized by XRD and SEM. The photocatalytic activities was evaluated using 2-naphthol and methyl orange degradations under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm). The degradation rates of 2-naphthol and methyl orange with initial concentration of 15 mg•L-1reached 80% and 99% respectively by using 0.6 g•L-1Ag@Ag3PO4. The photocatalytic mechanism was discussed.
Study on Application of Botanic Crumbed Rubber Asphalt in the Field of Road Building
Authors: Wang Da Qing , Li Ting Gang , Wang Zhou Bo
Published: July 2012

It’s necessary to find some substitute for asphalt because of the rising price and the tension supply of petroleum asphalt with the gradually decreasing of fossil oil. Indoor tests on the pertableance of binding material made of crumbed rubber particles, botanic asphalt and petroleum asphalt as well as the pertableance of its premix are carried out. The results show that botanic crumbed rubber asphalt pertables as well as asphalt rubber, which means botanic crumbed rubber asphalt can be used as binding material in road asphalt concrete. The study provides a theory basis for the possibility of partially replacing petroleum asphalt with botanic asphalt. Botanic asphalt has much higher comparative advantages than petroleum asphalt in the aspects of social benefit and economic benefit, so there must be a bright prospect for botanic asphalt.
Flame Retardancy Modification of Wool Fabrics Using a Vinyl Phosphorus Monomer
Authors: Zhang Fang Jun , Guan Jin Ping , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: July 2012

In this paper, a flame retardant dimethyl-2-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phosphate (DMMEP) was applied onto wool fabrics by graft copolymerization technique in water media. The paper discussed the technological conditions of the formation of wool-g-DMMEP such as the pH value of reaction, reaction temperature and time etc. The weight gain of wool fabrics was chosen to be the indicator of optimized technological condition. The results showed that DMMEP treated wool fabrics have high limiting oxygen index(LOI). Wool fabric with weight gain 4.27% has high LOI 34.6%, which is hard ignited in air. Char residues of DMMEP treated wool fabrics are more rigid and solid.
Synthesis of Novel g-C3N4/Bi2WO6 Composite with High Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Ge Lei , Han Chang Cun , Liu Jing
Published: July 2012

The synthesis of g-C3N4/Bi2WO6composite materials with varying the g-C3N4content was reported in this investigation. The composite samples were characterized by various techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4/Bi2WO6products has been investigated by the degradation of methyl orange dye under visible light irradiation. The UV-vis absorption spectra show that the absorption edge of the composite sample shifts to longer wavelengths with increasing the doping amount of g-C3N4. It is revealed that the g-C3N4/Bi2WO6composite photocatalysts exhibit remarkably enhanced photocatalytic performance for the degradation of methyl orange. The high visible light photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4/Bi2WO6can be attributed to the efficient transfer and separation of charge carriers in the interface between g-C3N4and Bi2WO6particles.
Defect Analysis of 316LSS during the Powder Injection Moulding Process
Authors: Raza M. Rafi , Ahmad Faiz , Omar M.A. , German R.M. , Muhsan Ali S.
Published: July 2012

Austenitic Stainless Steel Has a FCC Structure at Room Temperature and the Temperature Range of the Austenite Phase Depends upon its Composition. 316L SS Is Widely Used in Medical, Marine, Industrial, Sporting and Aerospace Applications due to its Excellent Combination of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance. this Study Presents the Defects Observed during Optimization of the Processing Parameters for the Fabrication of Powder Injection Molding (PIM) of 316L SS Parts. in this Study, Five Formulations of Feedstock Containing 60-71vol% of Metal Powder Were Prepared Using a Wax-Based Binder. Green Samples Were Injection-Moulded, Followed by Binder Removal by Solvent and Thermal Means. Paraffin Wax (major Binder) Was Extracted at Various Temperatures in Order to Determine the Solvent Extraction Temperature. the Thermal De-Binding Was Performed Successfully at a Temperature of 450°C by Varying the Heating Rate from 1°C/min -10°C/min. SEM Results Showed Complete Removal of the Plastic Binder. Test Samples Were Sintered at Various Temperatures and Atmospheres. the Defects Observed during Solvent Extraction Were Swelling, Cracks and, at the Thermal De-Binding Step, Collection of Binder, Swelling and Holes. Sintered Samples Showed a Loss of Dimensional Control. these Types of Defect Were Considered to Be due to Inappropriate Heating Rates, Temperature and Dwell Time at each Process Step.
Room Temperature Magnetic Response of Sputter Deposited TbDyFe Films as a Function of the Deposition Parameters
Authors: Rebouta L. , Martins P. , Lanceros-Méndez Senentxu , Barandiaran Jose Manuel , Gutiérrez Jon , Alves Luís C. , Alves Eduardo
Published: July 2012

Magnetostrictive thin films of the ternary compound (TbyDy1-y)xFe1-x have been prepared by magnetron sputtering from a Terfenol D target onto both room-temperature and high-temperature substrates (TS<550 °C). The aim is to select the deposition parameters of this highly magnetostrictive material in order to optimize its magnetic response. Films prepared on room-temperature substrates were amorphous and those deposited at high temperatures have a microstructure consisting of small grains of RFe2 compound and some RE oxide phases. Deposition temperatures around 550 °C promotes in-plane orientation of (220) and (311) planes of RFe2 phase. The magnetization measurements performed at room temperature showed that depending on the processing conditions the material changes from a soft magnetic behavior with perpendicular anisotropy to a two phase system with both hard and soft magnetic phases.
Study on Vacancy Related Defects of CdS Nanoparticles by Heat Treatment
Authors: Roshima N.S. , Saravana Kumar S. , Uma Maheswari A. , Sivakumar Manickam
Published: July 2012

In this Work a Method of Incorporating Anion or Cation Vacancy during Synthesis Stage of CdS Nanoparticles to Induce Defect Level Emission Is Presented. Further the Influence of Temperature on this Vacancy Related Defects Is Also Studied. the as-Prepared Samples with Co-Precipitation Technique Were Heat Treated with Different Time Intervals at a Constant Temperature of 200 °C. From UV-Visible Absorption Spectra, the Band Gap of both the as-Prepared and Heat Treated Samples Are Calculated to Be 3.51 Ev Indicating that there Are No Significant Changes in the Size of Nanoparticles. The Photoluminescence Spectra of both Samples Showed Emission Bands Corresponding to Band Edge and Defect Levels. Further from the Spectra, it Was Observed that the Intensity of Band Edge Luminescence Decreases with Increase of Heat Treatment Duration. This Is due to the Fact that Induced Defects Have Reached the Surface of Nanoparticles.
Cysteine Interactions in Glutathione Mediated Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles in the Presence of Metal Ions
Authors: Keskin Can Serkan , Keskin Semra Yılmazer , Özdemir Abdil
Published: July 2012

We Report Herein Results of an Investigation of the Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Glutathione (GSH) and Cysteine (Cys) Interaction in the Presence of Metal Ions: Ag+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+. The Silver Nanoparticles Produce Well-Ordered Structures upon Interaction with Glutathione in Variable Acidic Ph Condition and Exhibit Pronounced Changes in their Optical Properties Arising due to Electromagnetic Interaction. The Effect of Selected Metal Ions on the Nature of Complexation as Well as the Variation in the Optical Response due to Variable Degree of Complex Formation Amongst the Particles Have Been Investigated. The Changes in Optical Properties of the Silver Nanoparticles Have Been Accounted for the Complex Formation among the Aggsh, Cys and Metal Ions. The Complexes Have Been Characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy, FTIR, and AFM Studies. It Has Been Observed that the New Absorption Peaks Appear and Intensifies Depending on the Cys and Metal Ion Interaction. The Aggsh Nanoparticles Provided a Simple and Rapid Strategy to Detect Cys with the Aid of Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution. Different Metal Ions Give Different UV-Vis Spectra Profile and Show Different Sensitivity. This New Material Allows a Quantitative Assay of Cys down to the Concentration of 1× 10−5 M in Co2+ Ion Complexation. The Mechanism by which Metal Ions Can Bind with both the GSH Modified Ag Nanoparticles and Cys Molecule through Cooperative Metal–ligand Interactions Is Discussed.
Production of Bio-Fuels by Enzyme-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Cellulose
Authors: Zhang Lin Nan , Wang Jin Long , Xu Bing Hui , Flatt Patricia
Published: July 2012

Converting biomass into fuel is becoming increasingly important owing to the desirability of finding substitutes for fossil fuels and to the need to address the problem of global warming. Cellulose, one of the main constituents of biomass, is the most abundant bio-renewable material on the planet. Considerable effort has been devoted to the hydrolysis of cellulose in order to convert it into fuel. In this paper, both two-dimensional electrode electrochemical degradation of cellulose and the use of biological degradation of cellulose were investigated, which provides a detailed study of cellulose activity and stability in various ionic liquids. In the two-dimensional electrode reaction system, after 5 hours at the voltage of 8 V under the conditions of electrolysis, the degradation of cellulose reached 43.7%, BOD5/COD also significantly improved with biological treatment to the combination of electrochemical techniques. As the result, HEMA is a promising, novel, green medium for performing cellulose hydrolysis reactions to convert biomass into bio-fuels.
Carbon Nanomaterials with Different Dimensions for Anode of Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Ren Wei , Li De Jun , Liu Hao
Published: July 2012

In this article, the structure and morphology of the carbon anode materials with different dimensions have been characterized through SEM and TEM. The performances of electrochemical intercalation and deintercalation of lithium-ions have been studied. The results show that graphene as the two dimensional nanomaterials possess more advantages of microstructure and better Li-ions intercalation performances than carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphite. The superior abilities of Li-ions intercalation and deintercalation are attributed to increasing lithium storage space, decreasing Li diffusion distance, and higher specific surface area for Li-ions.
Performance Optimization for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Wang Fang , Xu Da Liang , Liang Chun Sheng , Sun Hong Yuan , Luo Zhong Kuan
Published: July 2012

Lithium–oxygen coin cells without catalyst were assembled in argon atmosphere and tested in pure oxygen. Results showed that the first discharge performance of the batteries was strongly affected by the carbon loading, electrolyte amount and current density. At the carbon loading (0.4 mg/cm2), the electrolyte amount (160 μL/cell) and the current density (0.05 mA/cm2), a high capacity of 4586.5 mAh/g was obtained. The capacity decreased when the carbon loading or current density was increased. And the capacity would have a decrease when the amount of electrolyte was decreased. The highest capacity of 6010.2 mAh/g was obtained by optimizing the combination of carbon loading and electrolyte amount at current density of 0.01mA/cm2. However, the discharge capacity sharply decreased from the second cycle. It may be partly due to the fact that the pores of cathode surface were blocked by discharge products at the end of discharge.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO2/CMK-3 Composites
Authors: Dai Dong Sheng , Zhou Peng , An Jun , Zheng Hui
Published: July 2012

In this paper, TiO2/ ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) composites were prepared by hydrolysis method after electron beam (EB) pretreatment. The XRD results showed pure TiO2/CMK-3 composites can be obtained under mild reaction conditions (0.06 M TiF4 solution, and at 60 °C), and the SEM/TEM images showed that the TiO2 was successfully grown onto the surface of CMK-3. The photocatalytic properties of TiO2/CMK-3 composites were also investigated by methyl orange (MO) degradation under the UV irradiation. Results demonstrated that the TiO2/CMK-3 composites have a good photodegradation for the MO.
Synthesis of Nest-Like NiO and its Application on P-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: He Xin Xin , Cheng Peng Fei , Lu Ge Yu , Liu Feng Min
Published: July 2012

The nest-like NiO was successfully prepared by calcining the Ni(OH)2 precursor synthesized using wet chemical deposition method. A NiO-based p-type dye-sensitized solar cell was fabricated. The photocathode films were coated by doctor-blading NiO paste onto the FTO substrates. The thickness of NiO film was controlled by repeatedly blade coating using one layer of tape. The results manifested that the thickness of the NiO film significantly influenced the photoconversion efficiency. The solar cell based on the NiO film with 13 μm thickness showed the highest photoconversion efficiency. In addition, the influence of the dye is also investigated. The NiO films were sensitized with C343, N3, and Z907, respectively. The measurement of photocurrent density-voltage characteristics indicated that the highest photoconversion efficiency is about 0.027% using C343 sensitized.
Syntheses of Mesoporous ZnO and SnO2 Microspheres by Spray Reaction Process
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chen Chen , Xu Xiao Long , Wu Rong , Li Fan , Zhang Mei
Published: July 2012

For the first time, mesoporous ZnO and SnO2spherical particles were synthesized by spray reaction (SR) process. The synthesized materials were characterized by thermo-gravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results reveal that few ZnO microspheres were formed after calcined at 700 °C while large quantity of non-spherical ZnO particles was produced. And the predominant hexagonal ZnO (h-ZnO) is attained when heated at 700 °C. Mesoporous SnO2microspheres prepared at 800 °C possess an average size ~2.22 μm and a major tetragonal phase (t- SnO2) with crystallite size 7.8 nm.