bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN GAYA BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL PROGRESS TEST PADA MAHASISWA TAHAP AKADEMIK FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ABDURRAB
Authors: Anggraini Susiana , Wati Huda Marlina , Sonia Sonia
Published: November 2024

Belajar adalah berubahnya tingkah laku atau tanggapan yang disebabkan oleh pengalaman. Proses pembelajaran berbeda-beda pada setiap individu, bahkan dalam lingkungan pendidikan yang sama, pembelajaran tidak terjadi pada semua siswa pada tingkat dan kualitas yang sama. Gaya belajar merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar. Beberapa gaya belajar diantaranya visual, auditory, read/write, kinesthetic (VARK). Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menilai hasil belajar pada mahasiswa kedokteran adalah progress test. Progress test merupakan salah satu metode yang dilakukan untuk asesmen formatif yaitu bertujuan untuk menilai perkembangan mahasiswa dan memberikan umpan balik tanpa menentukan kelulusan atau tidak. Nilai rerata progress test mahasiswa FK Universitas Abdurrab yang diadakan pada Oktober 2022 angkatan tahun ke-2 didapatkan rerata 26,68 yang mana lebih rendah dibandingkan nasional yang mencapai 33,97, begitu pula untuk mahasiswa tahun ke-4 didapatkan rerata 33,45 yang mana lebih rendah dari rerata nasional yang mencapai 41,78. Menganalisis hubungan gaya belajar dengan hasil progress test pada mahasiswa FK Universitas Abdurrab.
Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Data diuji dengan korelasi Spearman.Tipe gaya belajar mahasiswa didominasi oleh gaya belajar unimodal kinestetik yaitu 21 mahasiswa (56,8%) dan hasil progress test tertinggi dengan skor 48 semester 7 dan skor 37,5 semester 5 memiliki tipe gaya belajar kinestetik. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman nilai p value = 0,939 ( p > 0,05 )Tidak terdapat hubungan antara gaya belajar dengan hasil progress test pada mahasiswa semester 5 dan 7 FK Universitas Abdurrab.
Accomplishment and Influence in the Study of Chinese Humanities
Authors: Peng Guoxiang
Published: November 2024

The study of Chinese humanities has always not been exclusive to Chinese scholars of China. With substantial achievements in the study of Chinese humanities, any scholar, Chinese or non-Chinese, could play an important role with his/her influence. Wherever this kind of scholars goes, the place accordingly becomes the center of the study of Chinese humanities. The center of the study of Chinese humanities relies on the accomplished scholars, has nothing to do with geographic regions. Those scholars in Chinese humanities who are outside China, especially those who are in the Chinese-speaking world outside China, have played an important role in the study of Chinese humanities. Given the new ideological trend in China and its domestic and global impact, the scholars in Chinese humanities outside China, together with Chinese scholars without nationalist mentality, should make further contributions to the study of Chinese humanities and play an influential role. This deserves to be pondered by all scholars in Chinese humanities around the world.
Why “Mahua Literature”? A Critical Review on Fourteen Lectures on Malaysian Literature in Chinese
Authors: Jing Teh Tian
Published: November 2024

The Fourteen Lectures Malaysian Literature in Chinese is a compilation of years of work by Malaysian scholars, which together constitute a complete introductory textbook. It incorporates the results of recent studies by updating the new critical reflection on Malaysian-Chinese literature and correcting erroneous views on the history of Malaysian-Chinese literature. It breaks the boundaries between old and new literatures, and places the classical Chinese poetry of the late nineteenth century within the framework of “Mahua Literature”. Secondly, it complements the late theory on the relationship between the new literature of May Fourth in China and the new literature of Mahua. Finally, it traces the origins and initial development of Mahua modernist literature and repositions the chronological coordinates of Mahua modernist literature.
Ethnic and Cultural Changeability: On Liang Fang’s “Long Tuzhu” and his Ethnic Writing
Authors: Chong Kang Wen
Published: November 2024

Liang Fang 梁放 was born in 1953 in Saratok, British Borneo. He is known as “the most important local representative of Sinophone Sarawak writer” and won the 14th Sinophone Malaysian Literature Award. Liang's most frequently anthologized work is the short story “Long Tuzhu龙吐珠”, which is similar to the famous short story “Lazi Fu 拉子妇” by Li Yongping李永平as it is also about an unscrupulous Chinese man who ends up abandoning an indigenous woman. However, as past critics have pointed out, “Long Tuzhu”, written from the perspective of the victim, is more profound and has more tension compared with “Lazi Fu”. This article focuses on "Long Tuzhu", while also discussing Liang's other works, to analyse his ethnic thought: How does Liang write or problematise ethnic? What kind of ethnic imagination and thinking does he provide? Sinophone/Xenophone Studies,which highlights ethnic and cultural alterity and changeability, can be used to analyses “Long Tuzhu”, as it is about the identity problem of a mixed blood protagonist. However, Sinophone/Xenophone Studies does not concretely describe how this change happens; this article will argue it with a close reading of “Long Tuzhu” and Liang's other works which emphasizes the positive sense of racial identity and the power of sentiment. Lastly, this article briefly comments on the difficulties of ethnic changeability and the limitations inherent in Liang’s ethnic thinking and writing.
Digital Humanities and Cinematic Form Research: A Review on Digital Humanities and Film Studies: Visualising Dziga Vertov’s Work
Authors: Tao Chen
Published: November 2024

In recent years, digital humanities have been constantly involved in traditional cinematic research, and Digital Humanities and Film Studies: Visualising Dziga Vertov’s Work is one of the most breakthrough works. It uses the method of formalism and the tool of computer-aided quantitative research to make a visualized “distant reading” to the film form of DzigaVertov, the pioneer of Soviet Documentary. This work presents and analyzes shot lengths, lens types, motion types, visual characteristics of images, montages, the relationship between image information and lens composition, and draws important and useful conclusions in combination with social and historical context, so as to clarify the Soviet Union's archival policy and political culture in the 1920s and 1930s. From the book, we can also explore new methods and new paths of digital humanities in the study of film forms and styles of other directors, genres and schools.
Malaysian Chinese Literature and Diaspora Studies: Tee Kim Tong and Lee Yucheng's Discourses
Authors: Poh Goh Siew
Published: November 2024

Mahua (Malaysian Chinese) Literature has been an academic field in diaspora studies since the 1990s. Lee Yucheng and Tee Kim Tong, both Malaysian-born, are among the scholars who have developed the theory thoroughly in Taiwan. The diaspora studies of Mahua Literature was benefited from Chinese diaspora studies and the Western diaspora studies, hence its outcome encompasses a few dimensions. Firstly, it focuses more on transnational network instead of national literature per se, in which such perspective is in line with the rise of globalization in modern capitalism. Secondly, the concept of Chinese diaspora (or diasporic Chinese) is used to distinguish the identity of the mainland Chinese. Thirdly, diaspora studies has shifted from empirical studies to critical studies, equipping scholars to reflect on more issues in Mahua Literature. Nevertheless, two decades after the establishment of the field, there are still questions needed to be asked and discussions worth revisiting. This article argues that after the “generalization turn”, the original discourse of the diaspora studies has shifted from the specific historical reference of the Jews and Africans, to a broader context which would include the diasporic experience of other ethnic groups such as Chinese, under the global transnational phenomenon which has become so common in today’s world. This transition has unavoidably brought new challenges, especially regarding the definition and the boundaries of the studies. While some scholars also attempt to further develop the concept of “diaspora” to become a critical theory instead of a mere historical idea, more valid foundation and reflections are still much needed.
Cheng Jiahua: “Diplomatic Remnant” of the Republic of China
Authors: Leong Ho Khai
Published: November 2024

Cheng Jiahua (1905-1976), a native of Qianshan, Anhui, graduated from the Department of Economics of Yanjing University. He joined the diplomatic field in his early years and served as the consul of the Republic of China in Indonesia, Samoa and other regions. In 1948, he was sent to British Malaya as the consul of the Republic of China in Malacca (September 1948-1950). After the Kuomintang government moved to Taiwan in 1949, he chose to stay in Malacca. Later he joined the Malayan Chinese Association, taught briefly at Peifeng Middle School, and then served as the principal of Malacca Yumin Middle School (1961-1967). This article attempts to outline his life in Malaya after the closure of the Republic of China consulate in British Malaya in 1949. An effort is made to extract from the unpublished “Sim Mow Yu’s Diaries” to inspect for the contacts between him and Sim Mow Yu. Initially his life in the Malacca Chinese community was quite fruitful, but later as the glamour of an ex-consulate slowly disappeared, he spent his later years in loneliness. He was called by the author a “diplomatic remnant” of the Republic of China. When political power changed hand in the Chinese mainland, he chose to emigrate to Malaya, and called it home. He also tried to identify himself as a member of the local community. His life may be regarded as another interesting chapter of the experience of China’s literati who have chosen to emigrate to the South Seas.
An Exploration of 20th Century Malaya Oracle Bone Script Calligraphy Focusing on Calligraphers Coming to the South
Authors: Woon Zhe An
Published: November 2024

In the first half of the twentieth century, China set off a wave of literati emigrating to Malaya. This group of literati included many outstanding calligraphers who have known as “calligraphers coming to the south”. They were the founder and pioneer of Malayan calligraphy. Oracle bone inscription calligraphy also opened up a new field of practice outside of China with the arrival of calligraphers coming to the south. Time flies, and since the division of Singapore and Malaysia, the practice of the oracle bone inscription calligraphy of the calligraphers coming to the south has gradually been buried in the long river of time, and has not yet been sorted and analyzed. Based on this, I tried to sort out the practice of oracle bone inscription calligraphy by the calligraphers coming to the south, and tried to get a glimpse of the practice of oracle bone calligraphy at that time by collecting and analyzing the oracle bone inscription calligraphy and comments scattered around.

Through analysis, it can be found that the calligraphers coming to the south generally used the oracle bone inscription to create their artwork. In the direction of creation, many calligraphers continued the aesthetics and techniques of traditional calligraphy to practice the oracle bone inscription calligraphy, and most of them inherited and continued the achievements of the China oracle bone calligraphy. Due to differences in the depth of knowledge of oracle bone inscription, there was a clear gap between the level of calligraphers. On the other hand, some calligraphers in Malaya were impacted by Eastern and Western cultures to think about the artistic development space of Chinese calligraphy, and used oracle bone inscriptions as creative materials to carry out a series of exploration and creation, leaving a valuable historical for the practice of oracle bone inscription calligraphy.
Remembering Wang Fo-wen, Educator and Scholar A Brief Look at His Prominent Career and the Influence of John Dewey’s Educational Philosophy
Authors: Hong Ina Zhang Xing
Published: November 2024

Wang Fo-Wen (1903-1972) was a prominent educator in Malaysia’s education history, distinguishedin particular by an incredible career of some four decades in Malay(si)an Chinese education. Studying in the Southeast University in Nanking of China where he was trained as a bilingual educationist, Wang Fo-Wen was imbued with the teaching principles of renowned American educator John Dewey and his Chinese student Tao Hsing-chih; and upon graduation, Wang signed up for “overseas Chinese education” and was sent to British Malaya (then to Dutch Indonesia) to teach in Chinese high schools in the 1922s. This paper traces Wang Fo-Wen’s life trajectory in Malay(si)a, by examining the three vastly different, if not contrasting, roles that he assumed in Malayan Chinese education at different stages of her life, respectively as Chinese-language high school teacher in the 1920s-30s, Chinese Schools Inspector in the 1930s-50s, and as principal of Foon Yew High School, the first independent Chinese high school in the country’s post-independence education system. By looking closely at the historical contexts respectively highlighted by the “Malayan Emergency” at the turn of the 1940-50s and the introduction of a uniform national curriculum in 1956, in which Wang Wo-Fen was affectionately referred to as “Father of Teachers Training Classes” and “Pioneering Man at the Helm for Independent Chinese Schools” by the Chinese communities in Malay(si)a successively, this paper argues that Wang Fo-Wen’s views of modern education were enlightened by the philosophy of John Dewey and Tao Hsing-chih, shaped in the midst of the tumultuous times faced by Malay(si)an Chinese education, and were eventually elevated and evolved to Wang’s own unique outlook on Chinese education and teaching in Malaysia.
Stick to The Point of View of Literature: A Critical Review on Chao Foon and the non-leftist Mahua literature
Authors: Chin Ying Xuan
Published: November 2024

Chao Foonand the non-leftist Mahua literature was the academic work published by Lim Choon Bee this year. It was an academic review about Chao Foon magazines. This book come out with “the non-leftist Mahua literature” concept, and this concept bring the critical work of this book stick to the point of view of literature.
Malaysian Literature in the Light of Chinese History --The Case of Tuó ling in Mahua Realism
Authors: Ng Kim Chew
Published: November 2024

Sinophone Malaysian literature has always been seen as one of the most significant cultural creations of the Malaysian community. As such, it is necessarily subordinate to Chinese history - it is within Chinese history. On the other hand, Mahua realism, with its mission to “reflect reality,” has made Chinese history its unique desire, and has allowed Chinese history to reside within it. The realism has always claimed to be the mainstream of Malaysian literature and considered itself to be absolutely representative, but its actual production status is doubtful. This paper attempts to explore such a delicate situation through a general case of realism, Tuó ling.
The Effects of Corporate Governance Attributes on Real Earnings Management of Public Listed Companies in Bangladesh
Authors: Bishwas Ronok , Rapani Nor Hanani
Published: November 2024

The act of real earnings management takes place in companies when investors' financial assurance is high and unrelenting corporate governance mechanisms are in place. The study examines the effects of corporate governance attributes on real earnings management. In this study, real earnings management has been measured through the using of three proxies’ abnormal discretionary expenses, abnormal production cost, and abnormal cash flow from operations. Board characteristics and audit committee characteristics have been examined as corporate governance attributes. The sample comprises of 244 listed companies in capital market in Bangladesh from 15 various industries for past 6 years from 2015-2020. Bank, financial institution, corporate bond, debenture, insurance, mutual fund and treasury bond companies are excluded. The study's findings will be significant for market participants and policymakers in ascertaining an effective corporate governance framework that can resolve the issue of real earnings management.
The Influencing Factors towards Graduates Employability among Malaysian Public University Undergraduates from 2016 until 2019
Authors: Sapian Muhammad Khuzaifi , Mat Jizat Jessnor Elmy , Zainol Zuraidah , Nallaluthan Kesavan , Hanafi Norshafizah
Published: November 2024

This study aims to examine the relationship between university characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation toward graduate employability among Malaysian public university undergraduates. The theoretical model based on the resource-based view approach to graduated employability was developed. To answer the research questions, four hypotheses were formulated. Online survey questionnaires were distributed to 20 public universities in Malaysia. A total of 433 graduates from the year 2016 until 2019 were involved in this study. This data are gathered and analyzed using SPSS Software. The findings show that university characteristics, entrepreneurial orientation, and learning orientation have significant influences on graduate employability. The implication of this study could help universities in designing a better curriculum that would increase the level of graduate employability among students, and ensure the learning process learning quality and skills required by the job market meets all the characteristics required by employers.
Determinants of Professional’s Bank Choice: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Bazlur , Chowdhury Newma
Published: November 2024

The banking industry has become one of the most competitive service industries in the world during the last two decades where the Bangladeshi banking sector is not exceptional. This competitive environment in the sector forces the commercial banks in Bangladesh to upgrade their service quality and stay updated with new technologies for their growth. Also, it is essential to examine the critical factors in selecting banks to attract bank customers. The professional group of customers, the largest group of personal account holders, represents an attractive segment for commercial banks in Bangladesh. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of the choice of commercial banks by professionals in Bangladesh. The primary data was collected from 395 professionals of bank customers through a structure questionnaire containing eight possible factors that determine customer’s bank choice. Among the eight factors examined, security, advanced technology, convenience, speed, and quality of services are the essential factors that professionals consider when choosing their bank services. The study results have important implications for bank management, academicians, and policymakers to devote resources, evaluate and redesign current marketing strategies to attract the professional group of customers in the competitive bank environment.
SEGURANÇA EM INSTALAÇÕES ELÉTRICAS DE BAIXA TENSÃO: UMA ANÁLISE E DISCUSSÃO DA NR-10
Authors: Rodrigues Anthony Weygle , Simões Isael , Moreira Fernanda Silva
Published: November 2024

Trabalhar com eletricidade requer um alto nível de instrução, com grande atenção e cuidado para garantir a segurança e a vida, além da saúde. Nesse contexto, é fundamental analisar as situações que representam maior risco e encontrar maneiras de prevenir os acidentes que ocorrem com maior frequência. O tema segurança em instalações elétricas é importante, não só para a formação acadêmica, como também é de grande relevância social, uma vez que evidencia as consequências do descumprimento das Normas Regulamentadoras, que são fundamentais para garantir a saúde e a segurança dos trabalhadores. Desta forma, devem ser previstas e priorizadas medidas de proteção coletiva, a fim de garantir a segurança e a saúde dos trabalhadores, além de aplicar também o uso de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs). Assim sendo, para realizar o trabalho de forma segura, é necessário conhecimento e comprometimento dos profissionais da área, bem como a aplicação de medidas corretas e a escolha adequada de materiais, além de fazer uso de proteções corretamente dimensionadas tendo como base as normas regulamentadoras.
Working with electricity requires high instruction, with great attention and care, to ensure safety, life, and health. In this context, it is essential to analyze the situations representing the most significant risk and find ways to prevent more frequent accidents. Safety in electrical installations is necessary, not only for academic training but also of significant social relevance, as it highlights the consequences of non-compliance with Regulatory Standards, which are fundamental to guaranteeing the health and safety of workers. Therefore, collective protection measures must be planned and prioritized to ensure the safety and health of workers, in addition to applying the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Therefore, to carry out the work safely, knowledge and commitment from professionals in the field are necessary, as well as applying correct measures and the appropriate choice of materials and using correctly sized protections based on regulatory standards.
Contribution of Cattle Riot to the Rise and Development of Nationalism in Zanzibar, 1930s-1960s: (The vanguard that laid the foundation for modern politics in the aisles) A Case of Urban West Region
Authors: Mnkeni Kassimu Bakari
Published: November 2024

The nature of colonial rule in Zanzibar triggered the outbreak of the cattle riot of Kiembesamaki in 1951. The colonial rule was generally perceived as harsh and cruel to the peasants of Kiembesamaki as they introduced a project of vaccinating all the cattle found with diseases. This was not well understood by the peasants as they thought it was a deliberate intention of killing their cattle. The study explored the contributions of cattle riots to the rise and development of nationalism in Zanzibar. A qualitative research approach was applied in which the researcher applied a Case study. The study was conducted in Kiembesamaki, an Urban District in the Western Urban Region. In this study, the researcher used purposive sampling. Through these, the researcher managed to consult forty-one (41) respondents aged fifty years and above. Data were collected qualitatively using Interviews, Questionnaires, and documentary reviews. Results revealed that the Cattle Riot had a remarkable contribution to the rise and development of Nationalism in Zanzibar, and it was the Cattle Riot that entered Zanzibar into a modern nationalistic struggle, the foundation for modern politics in the isles. Hence, it was the cattle riot that brought a sense of nationalistic movement and later on the 1964 revolution in Zanzibar. It is recommended that politicians should learn to be tolerant of the political crisis in Zanzibar
Comparative Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis by Standard and Molecular Methods in Turan District of Kwande Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: Yande Paul Shagbaor , Ikpa Terwase Fabian , Azua Terese Emmanuel
Published: November 2024

The study was carried out to compare the diagnosis of schistosomiasis by standard and molecular methods in the Turan District of Kwande LGA. A total of 682 samples were collected, 482 urine and 200 stool samples. The urine samples were filtered on Whatman filter No.3 paper for DNA extraction and amplification. The urine samples were also examined microscopically using centrifugation and the Kato-Katz method. Forty (40) samples of the filtered urine were randomly picked irrespective of being positive or negative by microscopy and amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were applied to determine the association of infection in relation to location and water contact activity. The Kappa coefficient was also applied to assess the degree of concordance between the diagnostic techniques. From the 482 urine samples analyzed, 111(23.0%) were infected with S. haematobium; and out of the 200 stool samples examined, 3(1.5%) were infected with S. mansoni. In comparison PCR established a prevalence of 12 (30.0%) for S. haematobium and 6 (15%) for S. mansoni. PCR also detected 3 (7.5%) co-infections with S. mansoni and S. haematobium. Concordance between centrifugation and PCR revealed an almost perfect agreement (κ = 0.81) while Kato-Katz and PCR showed a substantial agreement (κ = 0.63). Prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis by location revealed the highest infection rate of 32 (29.4%) in Yaav, followed by Kumakwagh with prevalence of 31(24.8%) and lowest infection rate of 27 (20.4%) was observed in Mbadura. However, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis between the different communities (χ² = 4.68, p = 0.20). The study revealed that detection of Schistosoma parasite-specific DNA in urine by PCR is an effective tool for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis than processing urine and stool by standard methods
Revolutionizing healthcare in Somalia: the role of digital innovations in enhancing access and quality
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Mustaf
Published: November 2024

Somalia’s healthcare system faces significant challenges, including limited infrastructure, a shortage of healthcare professionals (2.5 physicians per 10,000 people), and geographic disparities in access to care, leading to only 35% of the population having access to basic health services. Despite these, Somalia is embracing digital health technologies to address these challenges and to improve healthcare delivery. Telehealth platforms such as Baano and SomDoctor provide remote consultations and specialized care to overcome geographical barriers. mHealth solutions, including Hello! Caafi, leverages Somalia’s expanding telecommunications network to deliver healthcare information and services. The development of an electronic immunization registry demonstrated the role of digital health records in streamlining health services and improving data accuracy. Despite the potential benefits, challenges persist, including limited and unreliable Internet access (27.6% penetration rate), and the need to ensure data privacy and security. Capacity building and digital literacy enhancement among healthcare providers and populations are crucial. Learning from successful digital health initiatives in African countries that have effectively used digital health technologies for medical supply delivery and for improved healthcare access is essential. The roadmap for Somalia emphasizes government leadership, public-private partnerships, context-specific solutions, and investment in digital infrastructure, capacity building, and data privacy measures. This perspective explores current digital health innovations in Somalia and their potential impact on healthcare access and quality, outlining a roadmap for establishing a sustainable digital health ecosystem.
Comparative Study of Core Material's Stiffness on Sandwich Panel with Composite Face Sheets beyond the Yield Point
Authors: Bajaba Nasser S.
Published: November 2024

The study aims to explore the performance of sandwich panels exceeding the yield point stiffness of the core material. Sandwich panels have gained growing attention among designers owing to their excellent corrosion properties, and lightweight, and speedy installation process. They have been applied in numerous industrial sectors, including aerospace, architectural, marine, and transportation. Typically, sandwich panels are composed of a single central core sandwiched by a pair of outer face sheets, where the core is normally developed using softer materials compared to the face sheets. Given that past studies have primarily focused on sandwich panels in the elastic range, this present study explored the performance of sandwich panels exceeding the yield point stiffness of the core material. The univariate search optimization method was utilized to assess the elastic modulus ratio of the core (typically foam) to the face sheet (composite material). The load was elevated in a quasi-static order until the face sheets reached their yield point. Subsequently, the panel was simulated using the finite element analysis commercial package ANSYS APDL, with simply supported boundary conditions used on all sides of the panel. The proposed model was verified by comparing the numerical and experimental data from recent literature. Based on the results, the panel's increased load-carrying capacity corresponded as the core material stiffness exceeded its yield limit. Moreover, the transmission of load to the face sheets increased as the core stiffness decreased. In summary, stiffer core materials caused the sandwich panel to behave more as isotopic face sheets. Thus, the face sheets yielded ahead of the core material.
Handling Outliers in Panel Data Models: A Robust Approach
Authors: Rocha Anabela , Miranda M. Cristina , De Miranda Manuela Souto
Published: November 2024

Real-world data often violate the conditions assumed by classical estimation methods. One reason for this failure may be the presence of observations with a low probability of belonging to the same distribution as the majority of the data, known as outliers. Outliers can appear in different forms, such as casewise and cellwise outliers. The results of classical estimation methods, particularly those based on least squares, can be seriously affected by the presence of any type of outlier. Panel data modeling is applied in various fields, including economics, finance, marketing, biology, environmental studies, healthcare, and more. The estimation of these models is typically performed using classical methods. In this paper, we consider the random effects panel data model and propose a robust method to estimate the parameters of this model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed robust estimation method compared to the classical estimation method, we conducted a Monte Carlo simulation study. Additionally, we illustrate the proposed methodology by applying it to estimate a model based on a real panel data set.
Evaluating Quality of Software Systems by the Confidence and Prediction Intervals of Regressions for RFC, CBO and WMC Metrics
Authors: Prykhodko Sergiy
Published: November 2024

We have proposed to apply the confidence and prediction intervals of nonlinear regressions for the metrics RFC, CBO, and WMC at the app level to evaluate the quality of software systems from the point of view of their object-oriented design (OOD). A modified technique for evaluating the quality of software systems has been introduced. We have given the example of using the modified technique to detect the software quality of open-source Java systems.
Being and becoming global citizens: Measuring progress toward SDG 4.7. Monitoring teacher and school readiness to enact global citizenship in the Asia-Pacific region. Phase II Report, Lao PDR
Authors: Parker Rachel , Goundar Payal , Menzie-Ballantyne Karena
Published: November 2024

This report presents the Phase II findings of a collaborative study by APCEIU and ACER which aims to expand efforts to monitor Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7 by addressing critical evidence gaps regarding country participation and educational settings. Phase I of this study included three countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, Philippines and South Korea) and targeted primary school settings. Phase I answered research questions about the enabling conditions that support effective global citizenship education (GCED); how these conditions can inform instrument development to measure system, school, and teacher readiness to implement GCED; and recommendations for Phase II. Phase II of this study includes an additional country context and consolidates the findings from Phase I through a three-step process 1) administer the pre-workshop questionnaire, 2) conduct a focus group workshop (FGW) in Lao PDR with research partners, and 3) validate the GCED Framework and monitoring tools including the Laos context. This research extends our understanding of GCED readiness across diverse contexts, contributing to SDG 4.7 monitoring.
THE USE OF REALIA IN THE CLASSROOM: A STUDY OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS
Authors:   Teacher of Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Uzbekistan, Aziza Kulmamatova
Published: November 2024

Realia, defined as authentic objects utilized in educational settings, has arisen as a potent pedagogical tool. This article examines the effectiveness of realia in various classroom environments, particularly within language learning and social studies. By synthesizing current literature, analyzing case studies, and evaluating classroom outcomes, this study seeks to provide insights into the advantages and challenges associated with incorporating realia into teaching practices.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MULTILINGUALISM
Authors:   Uzbekistan State World Languages University, Uzbekistan, Halimovna Sitora Norboboyeva
Published: November 2024

The article systematically addresses challenges, including underfunded multilingual education programs and the erosion of indigenous languages due to globalization. It adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining literature review, case studies, and quantitative analysis, to ensure a robust and nuanced discussion. The findings emphasize the importance of embracing linguistic diversity to achieve sustainable development and inclusive societies.
OPENNESS IN LEGAL DISCOURSE
Authors:   Doctoral Candidate at Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, Sayidakhmadovna Mirzakamolova Sadoqatkhon
Published: November 2024

This article provides an extensive analysis of legal discourse and the concept of openness within it. It examines scholars' views on eloquence, transparency, and sincerity in the legal field, analyzing similarities and differences in their perspectives. The study offers a theoretical foundation for the culture of legal language from ancient times to the present and enriches it with examples.
MAIN BUSINESS PROCESSES IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF A SYSTEM APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF REPAIRS, RECONSTRUCTIONS OF HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES
Authors:   Independent researcher, Namangan State University, Namangan, Uzbekistan, Akhmedov R.M.
Published: November 2024

The article highlights the essence of the main business processes in the context of a systematic approach to the management of planning and management of repairs, reconstruction of roads and bridges. For the first time, an attempt has been made to systematize the basics of business processes in the context of a systematic approach to the management of repairs and reconstruction of highways and bridges. The main and supporting business processes are considered. The advantages of organizing business processes based on a systematic approach are given.
NATURAL SCIENCE TEXTBOOK AND THE CURRENT PREPAREDNESS OF TEACHERS IN TEACHING THIS SUBJECT
Authors:   A. Avloniy National Institute of Pedagogical Mastery, researcher, Uzbekistan, Amirullayeva Barno Abdulhaqovna
Published: November 2024

In developed European countries, the content of Natural Science (Science) has played a significant role in national curricula over the past thirty years. Understanding the concept of Natural Science (Science) content, which is an important component of scientific literacy and integrates natural sciences, history of science, sociology of science, and philosophy of psychology, is essential for teachers and students to be scientifically literate. This understanding involves a combination of key structures of scientific activity and the knowledge of natural science, which are necessary for scientific literacy [1,2,3].
THE METHODOLOGY OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE INDEPENDENT LEARNING PROCESS FOR PREPARING SPEECH THERAPY STUDENTS FOR INCLUSIVE ACTIVITIES
Authors:   Assistant at the Samarkand Branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies named after Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, Uzbekistan, Dusyarovich Umarov Eldor
Published: November 2024

Depending on the severity of speech disorders, school-aged children receive various forms of speech therapy support. Children with mild speech defects are admitted to public schools and can be treated in school speech therapy centers. The role of speech therapy centers is to correct verbal and written speech disorders in students, prevent and eliminate difficulties in mastering general education programs in a timely manner, and conduct educational work with teachers and parents on speech disorders.This article addresses the issues of digitalizing the independent learning process in preparing speech therapy students for inclusive activities.
DIDACTIC SUPPORT FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ CREATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING THE SUBJECT “PAINTING (PLEIN AIR)”
Authors:   Teacher at Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Xasanovich Ibragimov Xurshid
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the mechanisms of didactic support necessary for enhancing students’ creativity during the process of teaching the subject of painting.
PROBLEMS RELATED TO WORKING ON STUDY TASKS IN HIGHER PHILOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Authors:   Termiz university of economics and service, Uzbekistan, Abduganiyevna Khazratqulova Ozoda
Published: November 2024

The article discusses the problems associated with working on educational tasks in higher philological education, their causes, elimination, and the principles of determining the system, methods and means of developing skills for working on educational tasks.
MAIN SYMPTOMS OF NON-RHEUMATIC MYOCARDITIS IN OLDER CHILDREN ACCORDING TO ECG
Authors:   Assistant at the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases at Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan, Qodirova Marhabo Miyassarovna , Najimov Shaxboz Rahimjonovich ,   Assistant at the Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases at Samarkand State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: November 2024

In the Cardio-Rheumatology Department of the Samarkand Regional Multidisciplinary Children’s Clinical Center, we conducted clinical and electrocardiographic analyses of 50 young patients diagnosed with non-rheumatic myocarditis (NM) between 2020 and 2021.

Findings: The study revealed that 86% of young children diagnosed with non-rheumatic myocarditis had a history of acute respiratory infections. The clinical symptoms of non-rheumatic myocarditis were as follows: general weakness (88%), excessive sweating (86%), cough (50%), cyanosis around the lips and nose (58%), and pale, marble-like skin (76%). A muffled heart sound was observed in all patients, while a “gallop” rhythm was detected in 32% of cases. Other findings included tachycardia (80%), arrhythmia (14%), extrasystole (14%), and bradycardia (4%).

ECG changes: Rhythm disorders: Sinus tachycardia (88%), sinus arrhythmia (12%), extrasystole (14%), and sinus bradycardia (6%). Right ventricular hypertrophy was identified in 24% of cases, while left ventricular hypertrophy was observed in 46%. Cardiomegaly was detected in 20% of the patients. Our investigation showed that sinus tachycardia (88%) and weakening of the first heart sound at the apex (72%) were common cardiac signs. In comparison, studies by O.A. Mutaf’yan and Yu.M. Belozerov reported tachycardia in 65% and 62.5% of cases, respectively. However, symptoms such as bradycardia, arrhythmia, and extrasystole were two times less frequent in our study than in those of Yu.M. Belozerov (2014) and O.A. Mutaf’yan (2016).
METHODS OF TRAINING AND ADAPTATION OF AI AGENTS IN COMPLEX PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors:   CEO, Quantum Core, Kyiv, Ukraine, Khodorkovskyi Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

The article presents a study of modern methods of training and adaptation of artificial agents used in managing complex processes, which are characterized by a high level of uncertainty and the need for prompt response to changes. Key methodological approaches such as machine learning and neuroevolution are discussed. These approaches allow AI agents to accumulate knowledge about the behavior of systems continuously, analyze external changes, and adjust the management strategy depending on environmental conditions, which significantly increases their ability to predict and prevent possible failures in management.

In the course of the study, models were considered that allow automating the execution of complex, multitasking processes, minimizing human intervention, and reducing the likelihood of errors. In addition, the presented methods provide high flexibility and scalability of systems, which is especially important in industrial and technological industries, where stability and reliability are critical. The results showed that AI agents with adaptive learning capabilities can increase operational efficiency while reducing costs and optimizing resource use. The conclusion highlights the prospects of using artificial intelligence to build highly autonomous control systems capable of responding to dynamic challenges, which opens up new horizons for automation and intellectual support in industrial production, logistics, and other key areas.

Thus, the article makes a significant contribution to understanding the role of AI in management modernization, offering practical recommendations on the implementation of intelligent agents in real-world scenarios to increase productivity and sustainability.
FREE MOVEMENT OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS WITHIN EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Lecturer of Private International Law, Uzbekistan, Axtamovna Axtamova Yulduz
Published: November 2024

There are two types of doctrines applied by Member States to deciding the connecting factor: the real seat theory and incorporation theory. Accordingly, a decentralized nature of multinational enterprises (MNEs) involves various cross-border operations. The aim of this paper is to explore to what extent these transnational objectives of MNEs can be achieved under the freedom of establishment principle of EU law and incorporation theories of Member States.
THE ANALYSIS OF JONATHAN SWIFT'S GULLIVER’S TRAVELS: A LITERARY EXPLORATION
Authors:   Teacher at The University of Economics and Pedagogy (private), Uzbekistan, Temirova Dilorom Kayimovna , ugli Panjikulov Murodjon Bahrom ,   Student, The University of Economics and Pedagogy (private), Uzbekistan
Published: November 2024

Jonathan Swift's Gulliver’s Travels is a profound satire of 18th-century society, politics, and human nature, portrayed through the adventures of Lemuel Gulliver. The article analyzes the transformation of Gulliver’s character, from a rational man to a disillusioned misanthrope, in the context of Swift’s critique of Enlightenment ideals. By exploring the literary perspectives of prominent scholars, the article sheds light on Swift’s use of satire to challenge the intellectual and political climate of his time.
El análisis de los sentimientos con Inteligencia Artificial como estrategia de las relaciones públicas
Authors: Ulpo Carangui Alicia Katherine , Cabrera Almeida Shirley , Pizarro Matamoros Rocío , Morocho Gabriela
Published: November 2024

Este artículo, a través de una metodología cualitativa y una investigación descriptiva basada en el análisis de información de bases de datos científicas e informes de tendencias, explora cómo el análisis de sentimientos con Inteligencia Artificial (IA) está revolucionando las Relaciones Públicas (RRPP). El objetivo es describir cómo el análisis de sentimientos con IA se emplea como estrategia de gestión en las RRPP, planteando la hipótesis de que la IA se está convirtiendo en una herramienta indispensable para los relacionistas públicos, permitiendo a las organizaciones obtener información valiosa sobre su público y adaptar sus estrategias de comunicación. Mediante la revisión de literatura científica y análisis de casos de estudio de empresas líderes se pudo establecer que el análisis de sentimientos con IA permite monitorear la reputación online, gestionar crisis, segmentar audiencias y medir la efectividad de las campañas, pues empresas como Netflix, Starbucks y Nike utilizan esta tecnología para tomar decisiones estratégicas. Entre las principales conclusiones se destacan que el análisis de sentimientos con IA permite a las organizaciones comprender a sus públicos en la era digital para adoptar decisiones técnicas e informadas con base a la reacción de sus stakeholders. Sin embargo, hay estudios que demuestran la limitación para interpretar los sentimientos por parte de la IA cuando existen elementos relacionados con el lenguaje natural, por lo que la intervención y criterio del ser humano sigue siendo crucial para complementar el análisis de los datos que se pueden obtener.
Experimental and Simulated Investigation of S-parameters and Power Loss Characteristics of PTFE/Glass Composites at X-band Frequency
Authors: Alhaji Ibrahim Abubakar , Abbas Zulkifly , Aminu Aliyu Sisa
Published: November 2024

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based substrates are in high demand for high-frequency (microwave) applications because of their low relative permittivity, enabling efficient signal transfer. In this work, PTFE composites have been prepared with different content (5 wt.% - 25 wt.%) of soda lime silica glass (SLSG) for substrate application. The composites were characterized by their complex permittivity and S-parameters through the rectangular waveguide (RWG) measurement method over x-band frequency (8.2 GHz – 12.4 GHz). The RWG set-up was connected to a vector network analyser for the characterization. Power loss of the composites due to material absorption was calculated using the measured S-parameters. As the content of the SLSG increased from 5 - 25 wt.%, complex permittivity rose from 2.18-j0.0035 to 2.56-j0.0047 in the frequency range considered. In addition, |S11| reduced from 0.623 and 0.700 to 0.418 and 0.441, whereas |S21| varied from 0.780 and 0.713 to 0.906 and 0.895 for 5 wt.% and 25 wt.% SLSG contents at 8.2 GHz and 12.4 GHz, respectively. The calculated power loss increased from 2.94 dB to 3.29 dB and 4.01 dB to 4.88 dB for the same filler contents and frequency. Furthermore, the S-parameters were simulated using the finite element method (FEM) via COMSOL software and compared with the measured values. The comparison revealed a mean relative error of < 0.1, denoting the accuracy of the RWG method. Also, the electric field distribution across the waveguide length was visualized. Thus, the optimal performance of the composite was found at 5 wt.% SLSG filler content for microwave substrate application.