bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tensile Properties of Sewing Thread and Sewing Needle Temperature at Different Speed of Sewing Machine
Authors: Mazari Adnan , Havelka Antonin
Published: December 2012

Needle heatup is a big issue for apparel industry especially for automobile industry seat covers where a lot of synthetic materials are used which get damaged by needle heat at high speed of sewing machine,in this article thermocamera and thermocouple are used to measure the precise temperature of needle eye and then 100% polyester 35x3 Tex thread is taken for sewing,the lockstitch sewing machine is run at 1000rpm,2000rpm and 3000rpm respectively and the both methods are used to obtain the accurate needle temperature and finally thread tensile properties are measured before the sewing and taking out the thread from the seam precisely to get the tensile properties of thread after 10,30 and 60 seconds of continuous stitching,the article is very helpful in predicting the exact temperature of needle in lock stitch machine and getting the damage to thread by the needle heat at different speeds and different stages of sewing process.
A Novel Testing Method of the Wet Wearing Comfortability of Fabrics
Authors: Ji Feng , Qiu Yi Ping , Xie Jian Fei , Sun Shu Yao
Published: December 2012

It has long been a problem how to objectively evaluate the wet wearing comfortability of fabrics. In this paper a novel testing method was proposed, and an instrument was designed and made. During the testing process, the fabric specimen first got saturated by “sweat” and adhered on the “skin”, and then it was separated at due rate from the skin and the in time adhesion force-displacement curve was drawn simultaneously. When the fabric was totally separated from the skin, the maximum adhesion force and adhesion work were measured such as to objectively evaluate the adhesion properties of the fabric specimen. Six different kinds of fabrics were selected and tested. The results show that certain kind of fabric performs characteristic adhesion force-displacement curve, which should be explained through fabric materials and structures. Hence this method is effective in objectively reflecting the wet wearing comfortability of fabrics.
Nonlinear Diffusion Model for Fabric Image Denoising
Authors: Chen Da Li , Xue Ding Yu , Chen Yang Quan
Published: December 2012

In this paper, five nonlinear diffusion models for fabric image denoising are introduced. The advantages and drawbacks of these five models are described through describing their implementation methods. Quantitative and perceptual comparison experiments are given to verify the performance of these methods. Finally some valuable conclusions about denoising performance of these five models are present which is helpful for choosing and using these models in fabric image denoising.
Integral Separation PID Control in the Control of Lye Concentration
Authors: Huang Liang , Zhao Shi Hai , Cui Lin
Published: December 2012

For the requirements of the lye concentration in the mercerizing process, this article is designed for the control of the lye concentration in the integral separation PID controller, the controller is based on conventional PID control, Integral separation, and further improve the performance of the PID controller, improve the accuracy of the lye concentration control system. Simulation results show that: precise characteristics of the controller's existing conventional PID controller, and integral separation PID control system overshoot, improve the dynamic performance of the control system, enables the system to achieve satisfactory control performance.
Performance of Color-Harmony Models in Predicting Visual Color Harmony for Color-Apparel Images
Authors: Kuo Wen Guey , Wei Yuh Chang , Lin Shang Ming , Lee Chung Kan
Published: December 2012

Abstract. Color harmony has been systematically investigated since 1956 at Budapest using specific pattern samples with the exception of textile specimens. And, so far, there are two known color harmony models proposed by Ou et al. (abbreviated as the Ou) and Szabó et al. (as the Szabó) separately. According to the experimental results proposed by Kuo, the color harmony would be influenced by the types of sample pattern. Therefore, the performance of those two models in predicting visual color harmony for samples of fashion apparel is discussed in this study using 162 color images of fashion apparel containing 141 and 21 ones in which the fashion apparels are with two-color and three-color combinations respectively. The results indicates that the model Ou has better performance in predicting visual color harmony by the correlation coefficients 0.50 and 0.65 for the fashion apparel images with two-color and three-color combinations respectively than the Szabó 0.48 and 0.50. Meanwhile, this finding may imply that a more accurate color-harmony estimating model still needs to be developed for the fashion apparels with multiple-color combinations and it is one of the most important works of the authors in the near future.
Research-Based under Clothing Human Engineering Uniforms Design
Authors: Wu Hong Yan
Published: December 2012

This paper discussed the important of the human engineering in uniforms design according to the analysis of the present situation on the human engineering in fashion design. We advance four methods on uniforms design: constructing the human body database, guiding the clothing structural design, helping designers to realize the correlations on “human, clothing and environment”, and lead visual design for feeling. The purpose of this paper is to lay a solid foundation for the uniforms industry upgrade by exploring the development direction of scientific and professional uniform.
Applications of Fractal in Textile Engineering
Authors: Qu Chang , Xu Meng , Wang Jun Ze , Deng Jie
Published: December 2012

In view of the generation of fractal images, the applications of fractal in textile engineering are summarized into two parts. Firstly, fractal images are used in textile image design, textile pattern design and so on. Secondly, fabric properties, such as woven fabric permeability analysis, fabric defect detection, texture analysis of the fabric surface and so on, are analyzed based on fractal theory. The applications of fractal images provide some new creative ideas for textile pattern design. The fractal theory is a powerful tool to solve the complex problems of textile engineering.
Process Evaluation of the Health-Care and Protective Composite Nonwoven
Authors: Lou Ching Wen , Hsing Ya Lan , Shih Ying Huei , Li Ting Ting , Hsing Wen Hao , Lin Jia Horng
Published: December 2012

This study uses Far-infrared fiber (FIR), PET fiber, and Low-Tm PET fiber to prepare FIR/PET/Low-Tm PET composite nonwoven. In the processing, the FIR fiber was constant as 10 wt%, and low-Tm PET fiber was varied from 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 wt% in order to understand thermo-bonding effect on nonwovens. After being hot-pressed, the FIR/PET Low-Tm PET composite nonwoven was evaluated in terms of tensile strength, bursting strength, air permeability, stab resistance and FIR emissivity. The study shows that tensile strength along cross machine (CD) is higher than that along machine direction (MD), and stronger with increase of low-Tm PET fiber. However, the bursting strength and stab resistance generates the weak property only at 50 wt% of low-Tm PET fibers. The air permeability and far-infrared emissivity display optimal when the low-Tm PET fiber contained 90 wt%.
Development of Basalt Filament Highway Guardrail
Authors: Huang Jiao , Zhong Zhi Li , Liu Hua Wu , Lu Jin Wu
Published: December 2012

In order to reduce vehicle crash on highway, basalt fiber reinforced guardrail was developed in this study. The wave shaped framework was coated with thermoplastic acrylic resin, using injection molding machine. Tensile strengths of the samples were tested by a 3380Instron and the corresponding property of the composite was calculated on the basis of the composite mechanics. The results indicated that the basalt filament reinforced highway guardrail have the advantages of high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, relative low cost and so on.
Flame Retardant Wood-Based Composite Modified by Chopped Basalt Fibers and Basalt Glass Powder
Authors: Xie Kai Fang , Liu Hua Wu , Hu Wei Wei , Sun Han , Yang Shu Wei , Yang Tian Yang
Published: December 2012

The chopped basalt fibers and basalt glass powder were individually used as the flame retardant additives, and fir sawdust and melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin together made the composite matrices. The fireproof wood particle panel was obtained by hot compressing the mixture, which may improve the inherent flammable defect of ordinary fiberboard. The limiting oxygen index indicated that the best flame retardant property of the basalt fiber reinforced wood composite was reached when the weight fraction of the chopped basalt fiber was 10%. With and without the basalt fiber additives, the difference of flame retardant performances was 10%. The wood composite, modified by basalt glass powder alone, improved its limiting oxygen index up to 11.7% when the weight fraction of the additives was 15%.
Optimization Process and Characteristic Evaluations of Pro-Environmental Recycled PET Composite Geotextiles
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Hsing Wen Hao , Chuang Yu Chun , Li Ting Ting , Tan Hsueh Jen , Lou Ching Wen
Published: December 2012

Recently environmental protection have been responded to by people. In this experiment, nonwoven selvages were smashed and then secondary used to prepare water-retaining geotextiles for achieving recovery effect. The geotextiles consisted of 6D recycled high-strength PET (RPET) fibers taken from nonwoven selvages. The RPET composite geotextiles were prepared after the 1000 D high-strength PET was blended with different ratios of the RPET fibers. Afterwards, their busting strength, air permeability and porosity were mainly discussed to acquire the best blending ratio. The result shows that, the bursting strength is reinforced but the air permeability is decreased with addition of high-strength PET. The optimal blending ratio of 1000 D high-strength PET and 6D RPET is 40 %/60 % on account of comparison with strength of commercially available geotextiles.
Preparation and Characterization of MWCNT/Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Composite Fiber
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ma Tian , Zhang Jian Chun , Gao Peng Gang , Zhang Hua , Shen Feng Chuan
Published: December 2012

MWCNT/Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (MWCNT/UHMWPE) composite was prepared by adding purified MWCNTs into the precursor solution of UHMWPE. Based on that, MWCNT/UHMWPE fibers were obtained using a gel spinning-molding technique. The thermal, mechanical and aggregation structure of MWCNT/UHMWPE fibers were characterized by TGA, mechanical property measurement and XRD, respectively. The results indicated the incorporation of MWCNTs into UHMWPE macromolecular chains have not change the aggregation structure of UHMWPE significantly, and the as-prepared MWCNT/UHMWPE fibers have evidently improved thermal stability and mechanical strength compared with the pristine UHMWPE fibers.
The High Temperature Stability of Asphalt Composite Reinforced by Basalt Glass Powder and Basalt Fiber
Authors: Lou Jian Li , Liu Hua Wu , Pang Ai Yun , Sun Han , Yang Shu Wei , Yang Tian Yang
Published: December 2012

Wood fiber and lime rock powder have been used as the asphalt stabilizer and filler in highway construction. Basalt fiber and glass powder were adopted as the replacements of traditional stabilizer and filler. The experimental samples were made by tyre rubber powder modified asphalt mixture, basalt fiber, lime stone powder and basalt glass powder. The dynamic stability of the samples at 60 oC was indexed by the runs of automobile tracking. The samples with lime rock powder had the basalt fiber contents 0%, 0.2%, 0.25% and 0.3%, respectively. The corresponding dynamic stabilities were 4500 run/mm, 5300run/mm, >6000 run/mm and 5400run/mm. The samples with basalt glass powder had the basalt fiber contents 0%, 0.2% and 0.25%, respectively. The dynamic stability went above the upper limit of the tester when the basalt fiber content was 0.2%. The control group of basalt glass powder modified sample had 5600run/mm, whereas the control group of lime rock modified sample was 4500run/mm, of which the increment was 24%. We may conclude that the effect of basalt fiber reinforcement was significant. In addition, the basalt glass powder is better than lime rock powder, as the filler of asphalt composite.
Property Evaluation of Polylactic Acid Multilayer Braids Used as Bone Scaffolds
Authors: Lin Jia Horng , Chung Hsiu Ying , Wen Shih Peng , Chen Wen Cheng , Chen Yueh Sheng , Lou Ching Wen
Published: December 2012

Polylactic acid (PLA), which is biodegradable, is largely used as biomaterial such as bone scaffolds. This study twists PLA filaments into PLA plied yarn, during which twist per inch (TPI) varies as 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. Tensile strength and elongation of the resulting plied yarn are then evaluated. The optimal TPI is 10, which results from an optimal tensile strength of 3.3 g/den and elongation of 42 %. The optimal plied yarn is made into PLA braids on a 16-spindle braiding machine, with a ratio of take-up gear to braid gear of 60:60, 70:60, 80:60, 90:60, or 100:60. The braids with various gear ratios are then made into multilayer braids with a diameter of 4 mm. The resulting multilayer braids are evaluated for surface observation, porosity and water contact angle. The optimal porosity is 55-65% and the optimal water contact angle is below 30°. This optimal condition indicates that the multilayer braid exhibit good hydrophilicity and a good candidate for bone tissue scaffolds.
Anti-Reflective Structure of PMMA/Glass Fiber Membrane Produce by Argon Plasma Etching and Variation of Transmitted Intensity
Authors: Hsin T.L. , Hsing W.H. , Chuang Nour
Published: December 2012

The aim of this research is to increase the membrane’s transmitted intensities; it used Argon plasma etching to process the anti-reflective structure on PMMA/glass fiber membrane surface. The anti-reflective structure could increase the light transmission at the identical specification of membrane’s basic cloth. Membrane’s transmitted intensities can directly affect it products competitiveness. The parameter of experimentation set with distance between sample and RF plate are 19 or 5.5 centimeters, plasma output power is 270, 240, 210 Watt respectively, each process time is 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 seconds. In this stage, the best transmitted intensity of parameter is 19cm, 210W, 30sec; it increased 2.4 % than non-treatment sample. The summary of this study, decreased plasma output power would reduce the impact extent of plasma gas but uniformity of structure should increase. Decreased the distance between sample and RF plate can avoided the degeneration of energy, reinforced the problem of insufficient etching and reduced the turbulence.
Electrically Conductive PEDOT-PSS/PAN Composite Fibers Prepared by Wet Spinning
Authors: Liu Yin , Li Xin , Lü Jing Chun
Published: December 2012

The composite conductive fibers based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT-PSS) blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) were prepared via a conventional wet spinning process. The influences of PEDOT-PSS content on the electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite fibers were investigated. The fiber with 1.83 wt% PEDOT-PSS showed a conductivity of 5.0 S/cm. The breaking strength of the fibers was in the range of 0.36-0.60 cN/dtex. The thermal stability of the PEDOT-PSS/PAN composite fibers was similar to but a slightly lower than the pure PAN. The XRD results revealed that both pure PAN and the PEDOT-PSS/PAN composite fibers were amorphous phase, and the crystallization of the latter was lower than the former.
Performance of Ultrasonic Electro-Discharge Machining on Electrically Conductive PCD
Authors: Iwai Manabu , Zhou Zhi Rong , Ueda Tokiteru , Ninomiya Shinichi , Suzuki Kiyoshi
Published: December 2012

Electrically conductive polycrystalline composite diamond (EC-PCD) material, which consists of electrically conductive diamond particles, has recently been developed for the purpose of providing the material with both excellent tool properties and machinability. This paper deals with effects of giving ultrasonic vibrations to an electrode on the EDM characteristics of EC-PCD with a view to achieve a great improvement in electro-discharge performance. In this series of EDM experiments, three types of ultrasonic vibration modes were selected (axial vibration, flexural vibration and complex vibration). The result showed that the removal efficiency of EC-PCD increased in any vibration modes. Especially when axial vibration with large amplitude and complex vibration composed of axial mode and flexural mode were given to the electrode, removal efficiency became four times higher than that obtained when no vibration was given. And, electrode wear rate was reduced to one third or 68% against the value of 187% obtained when no vibration was given. Furthermore it was shown that the effects resulted from not only the cavitation action of the working fluid but also the vibrational action of the electrode itself.
Modeling Milling Process Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Iqbal Asif
Published: December 2012

Machining processes, such as milling, are considered to be too complex to be modeled accurately by using analytical or even numeric means due to involvement of various control parameters, some of them highly vague and imprecise. Such situation calls for application of nonconventional methods for modeling the responses of interest with acceptable degree of accuracy. In this work, a computational intelligence tool, possessing quick learning ability, has been used for modeling and predicting tool’s flank wear and workpiece surface roughness in milling of cold work tool steel. Six numeric and two categorical input parameters were used in the artificial neural network model. 116 data sets were used for training the network, while 13 were used for testing. Both the responses were modeled with acceptable degree of accuracy.
Advancement of Laser Micro-Welding
Authors: Rizwan Ul Haque Syed , Jiang Wei , Wen Ji Xu , Mussie A.H
Published: December 2012

Recently, laser welding has been in its infancy primarily used for exotic applications where no other welding process would be suitable. In recent era, industrial product parts and components are produced at a minute-scale for sustainable manufacturing, creating a growing need for micro-welding applications. In this regards, laser processing is more likely considered to be the method of choice as it allows precise heat control compared with other parallel methods. This paper presents the operating principle of laser device. In line with this it puts forth a review on advancement of Laser welding/Laser Micro-Welding. At the end, it concludes with description of benefits manufacturing engineers would obtain.
Research on Laser Induced Thermal-Crack Propagation Cutting Silicon Wafer
Authors: Zhao C.Y. , Zhang Hong  Zhi , Wang Y.
Published: December 2012

Laser molten cutting silicon wafer was focused more recently, but this method has the material loss disadvantage. So this paper indicates the finite element simulation and experiments of cutting silicon wafer with YAG laser induced thermal-crack propagation. A theoretical model of a thermal laser shock method for separation of the silicon wafer is developed, and the fracture propagation mechanism is studied by the stress fields using finite element software ABAQUS. Optical microscope and laser scan confocal microscope (LSCM) photographs of the separation surface and path are obtained to examine the cutting quality. The impact of technological parameters on the cutting quality is studied and the optimum processing parameters are presented in the paper.
Sensitivity Study on Parameters for Fatigue-Creep Modeling of Stainless Steel Materials
Authors: He Xiao Cong
Published: December 2012

In present paper, sensitivity study on parameters for fatigue-creep model of stainless steel materials has been carried out. An analytical model has been established to predict fatigue-creep life of AISI347 stainless steel. Manson’s Universal Slopes equation has been used as an empirical correlation which relates fatigue endurance to tensile properties. Different creep prediction models have been studied in order to correlate the results of shout-time elevated temperature tests with long-term service performance at more moderate temperatures. Comparison between the different creep prediction models and experimental results were carried out for a range of stresses and temperatures. A linear damage summation method has been used to combined fatigue and creep. The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that strain range and temperature have very significant influence on creep-fatigue life estimation.
Research on Box Drawing Coefficient of Friction Based on Dynaform
Authors: Luo Zhi Gao , Li Xu Dong , Zhang Jing Jing , Zhao Jun Li
Published: December 2012

The box body drawing process is prone to breakage defect. Using finite element analysis software Dynaform5.7, the box part in deep drawing process was simulated. The friction coefficient was observed to change between sheet metal and die. Analysis of sheet metal forming limit and wall thickness distribution，therefore came out with the following conclusion：box deep drawing is affected by the lubrication , when the friction coefficient is lower than 0.17, Lubrication can effectively prevent the box shaped parts from cracks. At the same time, the research still is developing a new drawing.
Integrated RFID and Barcode Identification for Information Acquisition
Authors: Song Xiao Xiao
Published: December 2012

The study focuses on the information acquisition in assembly line with radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. After analyzing the situation of information acquisition in assembly line, an identification information acquisition frame based on integration of RFID and barcode is proposed. For the different requirement of identification granularity and manufacturing process information the parts are divided into three classes and identified with corresponding technology. The application result shows the production efficiency and quality is improved; the synchronization of logistics and information flow in manufacture is enhanced.
Influences of Solution Treatment, Deformation Strain, and Nanometric Al2O3 Particulate on Dry Wear Properties for Nanometric Al2O3 Particulate Reinforced Al Alloy Matrix Composites Manufactured by Casting
Authors: Yang Yong Biao , Zhang Zhi Min , Zhang Xing
Published: December 2012

The influences of solution treatment, deformation strain, and nanometric Al2O3 particulate on dry wear properties for nanometric Al2O3 particulate reinforced Al alloy matrix Composites manufactured by casting were investigated. The result showed that both the wear resistance of AL matrix and the composites increased rapidly with increasing solution temperatures. The wear resistance increased slightly with increasing deformation strain for the composites. The wear resistance of the composites is higher than the AL matrix after the same deformation and heat treatment. Microstructure observation revealed that the grain sizes of the composites increased with increasing solution temperature and decreased with more severe deformation. Abrasive wear was the main wear mechanism both for the AL matrix and the composites.
Researching on Virtual Human's Motion Retargeting Techniques Towards Heterogeneous Topological Structure
Authors: Qi Yan Qing , Wang Song Shan , Hao Jian Ping
Published: December 2012

This survey firstly reviews motion capture technology and the current challenge associated with the application in virtual human's control area. Secondly simplifies Jack's joint hierarchical model in order to drive Jack's virtual human to move by motion capture data. Thirdly uses Euler angle rotation equation to achieve pose mapping between BVH and Jack. Finally, results from experimentation show that when the motion capture data contained rich human motion details are retargeted to Jack by the paper's algorithms, the real-time interaction between virtual human and environment seems more real.
Active Vibration Control of a CMOS-MEMS Nano-Newton Capacitive Force Sensor for Bio Application Using PZT
Authors: Mozhdehi Reza Jalil , Ghafari Ali Selk , Zabiholah Abolghasem , Meghdari Ali
Published: December 2012

This paper reports the design of an optimal controller to prevent suppressvertical vibration due to undesired out of plane excitations generated by environment or gripper during manipulation for a CMOS-MEMS Nano-Newton capacitive force sensor applied for biomedical applications. Undesired out of plane excitations generated by environment or gripper during manipulation is the most prevalent source of vertical vibration in this type of sensors. To suppress the vibrational movement a PZT 5A is used as actuation mechanism. Discrete element method DEM model and Modal analysis were used to find dominant natural frequencies and mode shape vectors. To eliminate out of plane excitation an optimal linear quadratic regulator is proposed using By State-Space formulation. Simulation results illustrate that by employing optimum LQR control approach the maximum disturbance input is suppressed less than 0.7 sec with acceptable range of control voltage amplitude.
Overall Performance Merit of Implementation Control System in Expressway Construction Project
Authors: Liu Kong Ling
Published: December 2012

This paper has analyzes evaluation index system, the weight of the expressway construction implementation control system and Performance of implementation control system in a key expressway construction project. The corresponding suggestions and countermeasures are given. The goal of this kind of performance appraisal method is clear and the maneuverability is strong. It has good stimulative effect for real-time operation, control and adjustment of implementation control system in expressway construction project implementation.
Research on the Comprehensive Reliability Assessment Process for Products
Authors: Zhang Wen Jin , Lan Nan
Published: December 2012

For problems, such as evaluation model selection is not appropriate and accuracy of the assessed value is low, exist in the reliability assessment of mechanical and electrical product, we propose a comprehensive reliability assessment process for mechanical and electrical products. In this paper, we discuss methods of reliability data collection and collation first. Then, criteria of preliminary screening for failure data are established. Furthermore, considering that life cycle of product is characterized by varied environment and varied population, it gives the method and steps for reliability assessment of produces. In addition, the process is used in the reliability assessment of products, and the calculation result illustrates that the process can be successfully applied to engineering practice. The process proposed in this paper provides a technical means for model selection in reliability assessment of mechanical and electrical product, and serves as the theoretical guidance for reliability validation and reliability design of product.
A Survey on Similarities and Differences between Systematic Analysis and Decision Analysis
Authors: Cheng Ming , Cheng Lin , Tu Wen Jie , Fang Li
Published: December 2012

Systematic analysis and decision analysis are a synthetic research aspect which combines control science, computer science and network technology. Systematic analysis and decision analysis are applied in industry control system because of its efficiency and high reliability. This paper reviews similarities and differences between systematic analysis and decision analysis. Based on the basic theories and composition of systems, this paper introduces the key problem of systematic analysis and decision analysis. It greatly improves the system efficiency and automatic level drastically finally, the future developments of two methods are outlined.
Applying Fuzzy Logic for Optimal Placement of XBOX Kinect Sensors for Industrial Applications
Authors: Rafibakhsh Nima , Lee H. Felix , Gong Jie , Ko Hoo Sang , Mohammadi Arefeh
Published: December 2012

Automated acquisition of sensing data is an active research area in manufacturing domain. A great deal of research work has been focused on automated data acquisitionapplied to various subjects related to manufacturing operations such as safety, performance improvement, monitoring and layout planning. Laser scanners including Time of Flight cameras play a significant role in real time or near real time decision makings in manufacturing automation. To establish an automated sensing system in a work place, enough test data should be available regarding the performance characteristics. This paper investigates the performance of Microsoft XBOX Kinect on spatial modeling in large jobsites, and employs fuzzy logic to find optimal placement of Kinect sensors that gives the best resolution.
Rotary Shock-Absorber with Magnetorheological Valves
Authors: Martynowicz Paweł , Kciuk Sławomir , Mężyk Arkadiusz
Published: December 2012

The paper analyses the problem of design of the magnetorheological (MR) fluid valve to be constrained within the cylindrical hole in the stationary barrier of rotary shock-absorber. The main objective is to maximise valve’s dynamic range (i.e. controllable/passive ratio of shock-absorber’s resistance torque) thus to maximise controlled part of the pressure drop along the MR valve. To obtain this, a special type of two-winding configuration with annular fluid gap is proposed.
Flow Field Analysis of Valve Plate for Hot Blast Valve
Authors: Li Ling Ling , Xu Guang Pu , Su Zhen Dong , Kang Yong Ling
Published: December 2012

The valve plate of the hot blast valve is to rely on itself spiral waterway to cool. In the course of actual use, there is uneven actuality that it is cold and hot for the Valve plate of the hot blast valve. In this article, by means of COSMOSFloworks software, based on classic formula for convective heat transfer of heat transfer, we do flow field analysis for the waterway of the valve plate of DN1800 hot blast valve for certain Heavy Industry Group of our country. And analytical result indicates: Uneven distribution of water velocity in the valve plate is an important reason for causing unequal heat exchange of the valve plate and local thermal shock. In order to improve cooling uniformity, the central flow state of the type valve Plate should be altered and water cooling structure of inner water ring edge should be widen, finally the increase of the life of the valve plate can be reached.
Kitchen Vehicle Water Treatment Equipment
Authors: Zhang Xiang Hong , Yang Han , Xie Xian Da , Wang Ying Ze
Published: December 2012

Kitchen Vehicle is an indispensable equipment to guarantee the food in battlefield, which played an important role in series of activities include military exercise, flood-fighting rescue and earthquake relief. Water is a necessity in processing staple and non-staple food in field operations, so there is an urgent need to have one safety water supply device with smaller volume and lighter weight to meet the demands of field kitchen work, therefore, a small vehicular water purifier based on the membrane filtration technology plus activated carbon adsorption and ultraviolet light disinfection technology is developed.
Research on Laser Micro Machining Polystyrene Material
Authors: Hou Chao Jian , Yang Li Jun , Wang Yang , Song Zhi Xing
Published: December 2012

Owing to drilling capacity can reach micron grade, laser punching technology has been widely used in high-tech field. In this article, ultraviolet laser has been adopted to punch on polystyrene material, the ablation principle and heat transfer between ultraviolet laser and material are analyzed. Through the finite element simulation, microporous temperature field distribution can be obtained. At last, by experiments that use single factor method to get laser parameters on the effect of surface morphology and microporous depth/diameter ratio, the optimal laser parameters that satisfy requirements which are less slag and tapered micropore can be acquired.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Metal Injection Molded SiCP/ Cu Composites
Authors: He Yi Qiang , Yang Jian Ming , Qiao Bin , Feng Li Chao
Published: December 2012

SiCP/Cu composite was prepared by metal injection molding process. Microstructure, mechanical properties, fracture surface, and wear resistance of SiCP/Cu composite were investigated in this study. The research results show that SiCP/Cu were sintered sucessfully by the sintering process with hydrogen protection and high temperature of 1050°C. The tensile strength of the composites depends on the fraction and distribution of SiC particles which is resulted from microcracks nucleate in the matrix between SiC particles because of SiC particle aggregation. The tensile strengths of 5vol.%, 10vol.%, and15vol.%SiCP/Cu are 254MPa, 291MPa and 278MPa separately. SiC particles are contribute to enhance the abrasive resitance of the composite when particle volume fraction increase from 10% to 15%.
Nanoindentation Behaviors of HVOF WC-10Co-4Cr Coating after Heat Treatment
Authors: Ding Kun Ying , Lu Peng Cheng , Sun Zhen
Published: December 2012

WC-10Co-4Cr cermet coatings were deposited on low carbon steel using the HVOF technique, then heat treated by different process (300 °C × 3 hours, 400 °C × 3 hours, and 500 °C × 3 hours). The influences of heat treatment on microhardness, elasticity modulus of coatings were studied by nanoindentation method in this paper. The results show that the microhardness increased with the heat-treated temperature increasing, but the tendency of elasticity modulus was opposite. In the case of 500 °C × 3 hours heat-treated coating, the microhardness increased by approximately 30% and elasticity modulus decreased by approximately 15% in comparison with that of as-sprayed coating.
Second-Order Two-Scale Analysis Method for the Quasi-Periodic Structure of Composite Materials under Condition of Coupled Thermo-Elasticity
Authors: Ma Qiang , Cui Jun Zhi
Published: December 2012

The second-order two-scale asymptotic expansions of the increment of temperature and the displacement for the quasi-periodic structure of composite materials under coupled thermo-elasticity condition are derived formally in this paper. The characteristic of the asymptotic model is the coupling between macroscopic scale and microscopic scale. Numerical examples including different coefficients are presented illustrating the efficiency and stability of the computational strategy. They show that the expansions to the second terms are necessary to obtain the thermal and mechanical behavior precisely, and the local and global oscillation of the increment of temperature and displacement are dependent on the microscopic and macroscopic part of the coefficients respectively.
Glass Coating Removal by Atmospheric Oxygen Plasma
Authors: Wang Cheng Yu , Shi Fei , Pang Shi Hong , Ren Chun Sheng , Tao Ying , Wang Paul W.
Published: December 2012

Coatings such as Cr, Ni, Ti, and SiO2/SnO2 on solar-control and low-emissivity (low-E) glasses are commonly used in the energy efficient glass windows. However, coloring in the re-manufactured glass panels using recycled window glasses resulting from the coatings reduces the glass transparency significantly. Traditional ways to remove coatings by manual wheels and pneumatic removal machines are labor intense and slow processes. In this study a new way to remove the coatings on recycled coated glasses was investigated. The Ultra Violet/Visible/Infrared (UV/VIS/IR) spectra and Secondary Electron Microscope (SEM) pictures were taken before and after 30s. atmospheric pressure oxygen plasma treatments. It was confirmed that the atmospheric oxygen plasma treatment is a fast, efficient, and low pollution way to remove the coatings before the remanufacture of recycled glasses. Other than the physical sputtering off the coatings from the plasma, there are many excited oxygen species in the plasma which effectively react to the coating and the products are then removed.
Finite Element Simulation and Analysis of Initial Residual Stress Field for Titanium Alloy Monolithic Component Blank
Authors: Yang Yong , Liu Bing , Wang Yu Ling
Published: December 2012

In this paper, the initial residual stress field for titanium alloy monolithic component blank is simulated and analyzed by applying a sequentially coupled thermal and mechanical procedure based on finite element method. The control equation of heat conduction of annealing process is studied, and the boundary condition and fundamental equations of simulation are given. The research results show that the initial residual stress field for titanium alloy monolithic component blank radiates from the center region to outside, the center region being the maximum value, then decreases gradually, until a minimum value is attained at the corner.
Welding Technology of Gold Alloy
Authors: Yin Na , Qu Wen Qing , Yang Shu Juan , Li Rui , Ding Ying
Published: December 2012

Conducting ring is an electric transmission device to achieve current, video, data signal and power transmission between two relatively slewing mechanism, so it has been widely used in all kinds of precision turntable and inertial navigation equipment. The slip ring and brush wire of conducting ring are connected to other equipment by copper wire or copper transfer metal plates. Currently, Eutectic 63Sn-37Pb solder and electric iron manual welding are often used. But for gold alloy, when SnPb solder is used, gold element will dissolve in solder because Au dissolves in Sn easily, and brittleness intermetallic was produced at the interface during cooling, which embrittled the joint. This paper analyzed the solderability of gold alloy and copper, summed up the research status of soldering technology of gold alloy and copper in China and abroad. It pointed out that it is necessary and urgent to develop soldering technology of gold alloy with copper.
Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance of Weathering Steel at Different Atmospheric Environment
Authors: Wang Zhi Fen , Liu Jian Rong , Wu Li Xin , Sun Yi Qiang , Han Rong Dong
Published: December 2012

The corrosion resistances of a weathering steel SPA-H and a carbon steel Q345 after atmospheric corrosion rests of two cities were measured. The results showed that the corrosion resistance was better for SPA-H than Q345 based on the corrosion rate. The corrosion rates of two steels at Qionghai city were lower than those of Jiangjin city. The characterization of the rusts showed the rust layer on SPA-H was denser and thinner than that of Q345. The rust layers were mainly composed of goethite (α-FeOOH) with a few of lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH). SPA-H had better weatherability attributed to the alloying elements of copper, chromium and phosphorus enriched in the rust layer. The environment factor such as the sedimentation of SO2 has more effect on the corrosion rates than other factors such as alloy elements.
Nanorefrigeration Oil Formed by C60, CNTs and Mineral Oil for Air Conditioner
Authors: Xing Mei Bo , Wang Rui Xiang
Published: December 2012

To improve the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems, carbon nanopowders, such as fullerene (C60) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), are used widely because of their remarkable lubrication and heat transfer capacities. In this work, the dispersion stabilities of mineral oil with added C60, CNTs, and compound C60/CNTs nanopowders were investigated, respectively, by means of sedimentation observation and UV–visible scanning spectrophotometry. The results show that the two methods correspond well. C60 is more stable than CNTs with increasing time; the absorbency of fullerene nanorefrigeration oil displays increasing order with increased concentration, whereby 2 g/L is the inflection point; but a similar pattern appears in CNTs–oil only when the concentration is below 0.5 g/L, after which the concentration of the suspension cannot be measured by the absorbency because their values are alike. The agglomeration of CNTs in mineral refrigeration oil can be restored and it may not create any problems when employed in operational refrigeration systems. The different preparation procedures of compound C60/CNTs–oil exert a large influence on dispersion stability; by grinding fullerene first, one obtains the best dispersion stability of the complex nanorefrigeration oil, in comparison with other methods.
Synthesis of Various Nanostructures ZnO and its Applications for Gas Sensors
Authors: Yuliarto Brian , Iqbal Muhammad , Nuruddin Ahmad
Published: December 2012

Several patterns of nanostructures ZnO thin films were successfully synthesized by wet process technique. The nanostructures ZnO thin films were prepared by employing a crystal growth method with zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and ethanol as precursor and solvent, respectively. The resulting mixed solutions were deposited on the different kinds of substrate to yield the variation patterns of nanostructures ZnO including nanorod, flower-like, nanosheet and needle-like patterns. Due to the lack of oxygen on ZnO structure, Al and Sn atom were used as modifier of nanostructure ZnO to enhance the electrochemical properties since we exposed various volatile compounds to it. The crystalinity and compositions were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The nanostructure pattern and surface morphology were confirmed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, to obtain sensing performance, the nanostructures ZnO were tested in gas sensor testing system consisting of test chamber, data acquisition systems, temperature and gas flow controller.
Effect of an Anionic Polyelectrolyte Adsorption on the Colloidal Stability of Aqueous 3Y-TZP Suspensions
Authors: Chen You Qiang , Zhang Xin Ni , Kong Qing Shan , Xia Yan Zhi
Published: December 2012

The effects of an anionic polyelectrolyte on the dispersion of 3Y-TZP suspensions in aqueous medium have been systematically investigated. The results of rheological experiments show that at CD = 0.5 wt% (CD : dispersant concentration), the dispersant could afford well-dispersed 3Y-TZP suspensions over a wider range of solids loading, owing to the stronger electrostatic repulsion between particles resulting from the monolayer coverage of the particle. But as CD ≤ 0.5 wt% or CD ≥0.5 wt%, the stable 3Y-TZP suspensions can only be achieved at a relatively lower solids loading, which are ascribed to the reduced repulsion barrier between particles owing to the lower ζ values of particles and the higher ionic strength in the system, respectively.
A Strain-Induced Martensite Transformation Model for TRIP Steels in Cyclic Loading Condition
Authors: Dan W.J. , Hu Z.G. , Zhang W.G.
Published: December 2012

TRIP-assisted steels are ideal for lightweight automotive applications due to not only its high strength and ductility but also the fatigue resistance, which result from the special strengthening mechanism of phase transformation in deformation processes. In this paper, a kinematic transformation model is developed, based on shear-band intersections, to reasonably evaluate the transformation from austenite into martensite with cyclic loading. The transformation process is controlled by parameters, such as, increase temperature, transformation driving force, shear-band formation rate and shear-band intersection volume fraction, by which the influences of cyclic loading variables (such as, number of cycles, strain amplitude and frequency) on transformation from austenite into martensite are predicted. The microstructure volume fraction is tested by X-Ray to verify the model.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on Three-Dimensional Web-Like Structure Anodes
Authors: Tian Zhi Hua , Yao Jian Xi , Guli Mi Na
Published: December 2012

TiO2 films with three-dimensional web-like structure have been prepared by the photo polymerization-induced phase separation method (PIPS). Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the as-prepared TiO2 films. The results showed that the film texture could be tuned by changing the composition of the precursor solution. The TiO2 film with web-like structure exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The as-prepared films were used as the photo-anodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the DSCs was significantly enhanced by changing the POGTA/TTB in the precursor solution. Because of the increased dye adsorption active sites and efficient electron transport in the TiO2 anode film, a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.015% was obtained.
Formation of Methyl Acrylate from Methyl Acetate and Formaldehyde Condensation over Solid Base Catalysts
Authors: Wang Ya Nan , Wang Qun Long , Chen Huan Hui , Zhang Jia Lei , Zhu Zhi Rong
Published: December 2012

The vapor-phase aldol condensation of methyl acetate (MeOAC) with formaldehyde (HCHO) to form methyl acrylate was investigated over solid base catalysts. A variety of solid base catalysts were prepared by loading Cs2O over SiO2 or Al2O3 as the support materials. The properties of the solid base catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET and CO2-TPD. The results of the vapor-phase aldol condensation indicated that SiO2 and Al2O3 modified with Cs2O showed high conversation of methyl acetate and high selectivity of methyl acrylate. 22.6% conversation of methyl acetate and 16.5% yield of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate were obtained over Cs-Al2O3. In addition, Cs-SiO2 exhibited about 42% selectivity to methyl acetate. The high yield of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate is attributed to the high base property of catalysts.
Moving Loads Bridge Response: Structural Analysis and Eurocode Provisions
Authors: Pipinato Alessio
Published: December 2012

Moving loads analysis in bridges are currently undertaken as a result of code provisions. However, this relevant part of the structural analysis in bridges, could be implemented with a wide variety of instruments and analysis. This paper deals with the response of bridges to moving loads: in the first part, in order to take advantage of the high amount of works performed in the past, a review of the principle method for the dynamic response of bridges to moving loads are outlined; in the second part code provisions of Eurocode are presented. Current short and medium span bridge types are analyzed, including long span bridges, as cable-stayed and suspension bridges, having gained much popularity in recent decades for their aesthetic appearance, efficient utilization of structural materials and other notable advantages. A wide amount of references from the analyzed literature are included.
Identification of Nonlinear Rheological Parameters of Medium-Strength Marble Rock
Authors: Li Yong , Zhu Wei Shen , Li Shu Cai
Published: December 2012

The rheological behavior of rocks has been more and more important to predict the long-term deformation of rock engineering. We select a typical medium-strength marble rock as a research object to study the long-term stability of large-scale underground caverns. Some dry and water-saturated rock specimens are used to perform the uniaxial compressive test and the uniaxial compressive creep test. Then a non-constant-parameter damage rheological constitutive model for this medium-strength marble rock is put forward based on the in-situ geological data and uniaxial compressive rheological test results. The least square method based on search mode is utilized to perform the identifications of the rheological parameters. According to the test curves, the related rheological parameters are obtained through inversion analysis on a basis of the non-constant-parameter damage rheological constitutive model, which can provide more accurate rheological parameters for long-term stability analysis of actual projects.