bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of chemotherapy in patients with stage IB gastric adenocarcinoma: a real-world competing risk analysis
Authors: Xie Yangyang , Du Danwei , Song Xue , Li Xiaowen , Ni Zhongkai , Huang Hai
Published: April 2022

Background

This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients diagnosed with stage IB gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC).

Method

A total of 1727 patients were included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015 and divided into the chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups. Then, the methods of Kaplan-Meier analysis, propensity score matching (PSM), and competing risk analysis were implemented.

Results

After PSM, no significant difference was found in the chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups in overall survival (OS) (p=0.4) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (p=0.12) in survival curves. The competing risk analysis presented that the 5-year cumulative incidence of cancer-specific death (CSD) was significantly lower in patients receiving chemotherapy (11.5% vs. 20.8%, p=0.007), while no significant discrepancy was observed in other causes of death (OCD) in both groups (10.6% vs. 10.9%, p=0.474). Multivariable competing risks regression models presented a significant correlation between chemotherapy and CSD (HR, 0.51; 95%CI, 0.31–0.82; p=0.007).

Conclusion

The stage IB GAC patients can benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy based on this competing risk analysis.
The microbiota-gut-brain axis participates in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by disrupting the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids
Authors: Xiao Weiping , Su Jiabin , Gao Xinjie , Yang Heng , Weng Ruiyuan , Ni Wei , Gu Yuxiang
Published: April 2022

Background

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) underlies secondary brain injury following certain metabolic disorders and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis can exacerbate various CNS disorders through aberrantly expressed metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Yet, its relationship with CCH remains to be demonstrated. And if so, it is of interest to explore whether restoring gut microbiota to maintain SCFA metabolism could protect against CCH.

Results

Rats subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) as a model of CCH exhibited cognitive impairment, depressive-like behaviors, decreased gut motility, and compromised gut barrier functions. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing revealed an abnormal gut microbiota profile and decreased relative abundance of some representative SCFA producers, with the decreased hippocampal SCFAs as the further evidence. Using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), rats recolonized with a balanced gut microbiome acquired a higher level of hippocampal SCFAs, as well as decreased neuroinflammation when exposed to lipopolysaccharide. Healthy FMT promoted gut motility and gut barrier functions, and improved cognitive decline and depressive-like behaviors by inhibiting hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in BCCAO rats. Long-term SCFA supplementation further confirmed its neuroprotective effect in terms of relieving inflammatory response and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis following BCCAO.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that modulating the gut microbiome via FMT can ameliorate BCCAO-induced gut dysbiosis, cognitive decline, and depressive-like behaviors, possibly by enhancing the relative abundance of SCFA-producing floras and subsequently increasing SCFA levels.
Infectivity of entomopathogenic nematode against the cabbage butterfly (Pieris brassicae L.) in polyhouse and in field condition
Authors: Tomar Preety , Thakur Neelam , Sharma Ambika
Published: April 2022

Background

Cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), is a major insect pest affecting cole crops worldwide. Excessive applications of chemical-based insecticides have a devastating impression over the organisms and environment.

Results

In this study, entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar strain EUPT-S26 (local isolate) was evaluated for Pieris brassicae control under polyhouse and field conditions. Under the polyhouse conditions, the highest insect mortality 91.6 and 94.0% was observed in the plots treated with the nematodes suspension 1500 IJs/ml and 2000 IJs/ml, respectively. Based on the highest cabbage plant protection under polyhouse conditions, H. bacteriophora EUPT-S26 was also applied for field assays in the course of the crop’s productive phase. Data demonstrated from the field treatments signify the highest concentration (2000 IJs/ml) showed the maximum larval mortality and least damage percentage 45 ± 1.07% that remained constant until harvesting; this resulted in the highest productivity in polyhouse and under field conditions.

Conclusion

According to assessed field conditions, it was suggested to perform 3 applications of EPNs during the vegetative phase and at the time of head formation to increase productivity and to reduce damage. The results approved that EPNs are an effective alternative of chemical-based insecticides to control the cabbage butterfly.
Cannabinoid crystal polymorphism
Authors: Filer Crist N.
Published: April 2022

Because cannabinoids are usually amorphous solids, the thought that some of them may also exist in distinctly different crystal polymorphic forms might at first seem unusual. However, this commentary provides compelling evidence and precedent for the likely existence of cannabinoid crystal polymorphism.
Co-segregation of variant NSUN2 Lue198Arg among Iranian family with intellectual disability: a case report
Authors: Moudi Mahdiyeh , Vahidi Mehrjardi Mohammad Yahya , Kalantar Seyed Mehdi , Taheri Mohsen , Metanat Zahra , Ghasemi Nasrin , Dehghani Mohammadreza
Published: April 2022

Background

Intellectual disability is characterized by impairments in adaptive behavior and cognitive functioning manifested during the developmental period. Since disabilities are heterogeneous, variant analysis can help us confirm and accurately diagnose children with intellectual disabilities. Some papers reported that bi-allelic variants of the NSUN2 gene caused a group of neurological disorders, including non-syndromic autosomal recessive intellectual disability (NS-ARID), Dubowitz syndrome, and familial restrictive cardiomyopathy 1 (RCM1). We report on a consanguineous family with three siblings diagnosed with intellectual disability.

Case presentation

The 7-year-old female was referred to Ali-Asghar hospital, Zahedan, Iran, with clinical manifestations comprising moderate intellectual disability, ptosis, long face, and short stature. Chromosome banding, metabolic testing, and magnetic resonance imaging examinations revealed no abnormalities. Accordingly, other affected siblings born of the same parents were considered. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on the sufferer to consider NS-ARID variants. Findings identified a variant with uncertain significance (NM_017755.6: c.593 T > G) in the NSUN2 gene in the proband. This variant was confirmed through Sanger sequencing of the affected and unaffected family members. Besides, the computational results showed that the L198R exchange could change the interaction between wild-type and other residues in the protein. The affected patients with NS-ARID had similar clinical characteristics and genetic abnormalities.

Conclusion

Taken together, we described the variant in three Iranian siblings; further expanding of the other variants involved in the disease will be evident by using high-throughput sequencing technologies.
Semantics-Aware Context-Based Learner Modelling Using Normalized PSO for Personalized E-learning
Authors: Ezaldeen Hadi , Bisoy Sukant Kishoro , Misra Rachita , Alatrash Rawaa
Published: April 2022

E-learning proves its importance in the diverse educational levels over traditional education. An adaptive e-learning system needs to deduce the learner model for adding personalization to instructional websites. The learner model is the perception repository about the e-content user, which can be inferred implicitly by employing meaningful semantic analysis of the text. In this research, a novel methodology is proposed to conceptually deduce the semantic learner model for personalized e-learning recommendations. Firstly, Conceptual Learner Model (CLM) is developed based on the learner’s behavior and context-based text semantic representation by exploiting concepts from the ConceptNet knowledge base, with a significant association of patterns and rules. Then, Expanded Contextual Learner Model (ECLM) is developed by exploring the latent semantics in graphs to add concepts with the common-sense meanings that exceeded the named entities. The learner’s knowledge graph is defined based on contextually associated concepts. Semantic relations in ConceptNet are exploited to extend learner models. The Normalized Particle Swarm Optimization (NPSO) algorithm is used to learn the importance of the relation types between the concepts. Thus, CLM and ECLM each are represented as a vector of weighted concepts in which updating is obtained automatically. The proposed recommendation system incorporates dynamic learner models to predict an appropriate e-content with the highest ranking, matching the true needs of a particular learner. Our simulation results show that the performance of ECLM is better Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) value 0.780 than other existing methods.
Creative and collaborative reflective thinking to support policy deliberation and decision making
Authors: Spaa Anne , Spencer Nick , Durrant Abigail , Vines John
Published: April 2022

Background:

Co-creation in policymaking is of increasing interest to national governments, and designers play a significant role in its introduction.

Aims and objectives:

We discuss instances from our fieldwork that demonstrated how UK Policy Lab used design methods to gain insight into the design-oriented methods introduced to policymakers’ practices, and how these may influence conventional policy design processes.

Methods:

This paper reports on the learnings from a two-month participant observation at UK Policy Lab conducted in early 2019.

Findings:

We found that, beyond human-centred and future-oriented practices, the designers working at this unit appropriate design as a reflective practice for the context of policymaking. We discuss how the use of visual and creative methods of design are utilised by policy designers to facilitate co-creative reflective practices, and how these make a valuable contribution to policymaking practices in UK Government.

Discussion and conclusions:

As deliberation and decision making is influenced both by what is thought about as well as who is doing the thinking, reflective practices allow notions and assumptions to be unpicked. Moreover, when done as a group activity, reflection leads to a co-production of a deepened understanding of policy challenges.

Consequently, we argue, the reflective practices introduced by Policy Lab are an essential contribution to developing a co-creation tradition in evidence-informed policymaking processes.
Do gender patterns in diplomacy disappear over time?
Authors: Kreft Anne-Kathrin , Niklasson Birgitta , Towns Ann E.
Published: April 2022

Existing scholarship points to gender patterns in diplomacy. This study examines such gender patterns in new ways, expecting women to be less likely to be ambassadors in states with more economic clout and in conflict-affected states, but more likely to serve as ambassadors in more gender-equal states. Most importantly, we examine whether these gender differences diminish over time. New data on ambassador appointments for Denmark, Sweden, the UK and the US spanning the period 1970–2015 reveal that whereas there are no gender differences with respect to postings to gender-equal states or states with domestic conflict, women are indeed less likely to be ambassadors in economically significant states and in states in inter-state conflict. Crucially, these patterns are not diminishing over time. This study opens up for future investigation into underlying mechanisms that explain the persistence of some gender patterns and the absence of others.
Rings of Saturn: Fellini Rosi1
Authors: Gordon Robert S. C.
Published: April 2022

This article offers a comparative reading of Gianfranco Rosi’s Sacro GRA (‘Holy GRA’) (2013) and Federico Fellini’s Roma (1972). It sets Sacro GRA within Rosi’s career, his ambiguous identity as an ‘Italian’ filmmaker and the film’s relation to the history of cinema in/on Rome and psycho-geographical road movies. It moves on to analyse Rosi’s treatment of place and urban space, comparing key motifs and patterns in Sacro GRA with the short episode of Fellini’s Roma, also set on the GRA, Rome’s urban outer ring road. This dual reading is articulated around four axes of comparison in the construction and evocation of the ring-road space: street furniture, metacinematic frames and recordings, noises and silences, machines and monsters. Through these and other incidental constellations, the article argues that the two films display parallel, at times symmetrical, fascinations with the urban as simultaneously a space of utopia and dystopia, nature and the man-made, past and future.
Il videogioco in Italia: Storie, Rappresentazioni, Contesti, Marco Benoît Carbone and Riccardo Fassone (eds) (2020)
Authors: Fiumara Francesco
Published: April 2022

Review of: Il videogioco in Italia: Storie, Rappresentazioni, Contesti, Marco Benoît Carbone and Riccardo Fassone (eds) (2020)

Milan: Mimesis, 336 pp.,

ISBN 978-8-85755-222-4, p/bk, €25.00
Spontaneous expression of the gene of KI67 and P53 in cynomolgus monkeys infected with papillomavirus
Authors: Darusman Huda S. , Mariya Sela S. , Sari Isti K. , Nisa Maulida A. , Sari Kartika , Mariya Silmi , Mustopa Apon Zaenal , Saepuloh Uus
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) develop spontaneous infection of Papillomavirus (PV); thus, potentially beneficial for modeling human PV (HPV) infection study. Contrary to human origin, infection in cynomolgus monkeys does not always show evident clinical symptoms of cervical cancer. The absence of cervical cancer clinical symptoms leads us to investigate the molecular mechanism of the HPV infection in cynomolgus monkeys. This study aimed to investigate the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of KI67 and P53 genes, majorly known as biomarker oncogenesis of PV infection.

Materials and Methods: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used with MY11/MY09 primer to screen PV in cynomolgus monkey, further grouped as positive-PV and negative-PV infection groups. Real-time quantitative PCR was also applied to quantify the mRNA expression levels of KI67 and P53 genes in animals.

Results: Increased expression of mRNA level of KI67 genes was significantly higher in Positive- PV group than negative-PV group. In contrast, the P53 mRNA expression level increased markedly higher in the negative-PV group than in the positive-PV group.

Conclusion: Our study describes the potential of cynomolgus monkeys as a spontaneous oncogenesis model of PV infection-type. However, we used a limited number of cancer genetic markers. So, further study of other genetic markers is required to prove that cervical cancer could be developed naturally in cynomolgus monkeys.
Asystasia dalzelliana var. alba (Acanthaceae), a new variety from southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India
Authors: Lekshmi Viswakumar Sujatha Deepa , Arya Sindhu , Kumar Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil
Published: April 2022

Asystasia dalzelliana var. alba, a new variety of the family Acanthaceae is described and illustrated from the southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India. The new variety differs from the typical variety with respect to color of flowers and lack of black blue bands on the anthers. Critical notes along with conservation status of the new variety are provided.
“Vaccine Nationalism” As a Great Power Competition: Analysis from the Standpoint of the Securitization Theory
Authors:   MGIMO University, Кharkevich Maksim , Zinovieva Elena ,   MGIMO University
Published: April 2022

Introduction. State leaders and heads of international organizations argue that COVID-19 is a global security threat that requires international responses. However, to date, there is no stable international cooperation regime in the field of counteracting the virus, primarily at the level of vaccine development. Moreover, countries are competing in this area, considering primacy in the creation of a COVID-19vaccine not only as a step towards the fight against the virus, but as a tool to strengthen their international positions and increase international prestige and “soft power”. Methods and materials. The authors investigate the problem from the standpoint of the securitization theory, according to which national and international security threats are formed by political actors as speech acts and discursive practices. Analisys. From the standpoint of this theory, despite the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic is securitized at the national level in many countries, at the global level, this securitization discourse about COID-19 discourse is embedded in a broader macrosecuritization framework, which assumes that the dominant threats are associated with the confrontation of great powers. Results. The consequence of this is the legitimization of the policy of “vaccine nationalism” and the lack of international cooperation in the field of vaccine production.
Probability of India Obtaining the Status of a Major U.S. Ally Outside NATO
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bazhenova Olga
Published: April 2022

Introduction. Allied relations between India and United States were based during Barack Obama administration and were further developed with Donald Trump coming to power. The interplay that has intensified between states in recent years can contribute to the creation of a new geopolitical space – the Indo-Pacific region. Trade in arms and military equipment is the catalyst for cooperation and the major non-NATO ally status can create all favorable conditions for thus cooperation. United States and India rapprochement, caused, in particular, by geopolitical situation in the Asia-Pacific and the change of power in United States, has led to the emergence of discussions in the American political society about assigning India major non-NATO ally status. Seventeen states in various regions of the world already own this status. The methodological basis of the study was made up of the basic research principles of modern humanities: general scientific methods of cognition, comparison, complex analysis and synthesis. Analysis. The legal framework for cooperation between India and the United States in the military-technical area is formed by agreements on technology transfer, organization of joint development and production of weapons: Defense Cooperation Framework Agreement (2005), Arms and Military Technologies Trade Initiative (2012), Updated framework agreement (2015), Memorandum on material and technical exchange (2016), etc. On the basis of these agreements, a number of projects were successfully implemented. Despite the successes achieved in the development of military-technical cooperation, interaction is complicated by the difference in procedural approaches. As one of the ways to remove bureaucratic barriers, inconsistency in the transfer of technology, joint development and production of weapons systems was considered “major non-NATO ally status”. It could become an alternative to the allied security treaty and an addition to the previously concluded agreements. The proposal to grant India major non-NATO ally status was first received from congressmen led by Republican Joe Wilson. Authors recommended to expand bilateral defense and security cooperation to advance U.S. interests in South Asia and the Indo-Pacific region. Despite their efforts, bill did not receive enough votes. In 2019, similar bills were introduced to grant India as MNNA, which have not been implemented yet. Results. There are agreements that have already been implemented in bilateral cooperation. However, the challenge of building the Indo-Pacific region requires the use of all the tools that U.S. has in its arsenal. One of these tools is status. This study has shown that in the foreseeable future India is unlikely to join major non-NATO allies group because its policy has no place for American interests.
[RETRACTED] Keto Extreme Fat Burner Tim Noakes Why They We Won This ? v1
Authors: not provided madhuparth
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

. You get dazzling experience and outcomes with its utilization and by no means experience unhappy in the wake of utilizing it. The supplement is tried in labs and consists of no risky components. It additionally tastes remarkable unlike the tasteless dietary supplements to be had within the marketplace today.
Generation and focusing of a second-order vector beam using a subwavelength optical element
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Degtyarev S.A. ,   Samara National Research University, Savelyev D.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: April 2022

This article proposes a new type of subwavelength axicons for creating and focusing second-order vector cylindrical beams. It is also shown that using the proposed subwavelength axicons, it is possible to create focal spots with an energy backflow. The Comsol Multiphysics software is used to simulate the operation of subwavelength axicons with different twist angles. The dependence of the obtained intensity distributions on the angle of twist of the axicon spiral is investigated.
Automation of synthesis and ranking of cemented and air-spaced doublets
Authors:   ITMO University, Nguyen D.H. , Bakholdin A.V. ,   ITMO University
Published: April 2022

The article presents an algorithm for the synthesis of cemented and air-spaced doublets. A description of the doublets design computer tool from materials of a user-defined catalog is presented. Features of doublets design automation are considered. An approach for ranking of the generated variants of the doublets according to the preliminary evaluation criterion determined with the main parameters within the framework of the theory of third-order aberrations is proposed. The developed computer tool will help an optical engineer to calculate quickly cemented and air-spaced doublets with the required characteristics.
Pediatric Cancer Registry at MAHAK Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center: A Single-Center Study from Iran
Authors: Faranoush Mohammad , Mehrvar Narjes , Sadeghi Yasaman , Tashvighi Maryam , Alebouyeh Mardawig , Mehrvar Azim
Published: April 2022

Background: The childhood cancer registry in Iran is a hospital-based system and there is not any unique and national registry system for pediatric malignancies in Iran. According to the limitations and requirements, this study was designed to clarify the aspect of childhood malignancies in Iran and promote establishing the Iranian national childhood cancer registry system.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional longitudinal study was implied on 1500 patients younger than 20-years old diagnosed with any malignancy and admitted at MAHAK Pediatric Cancer Treatment and Research Center (MPCTRC) from 2007 to 2014. Data collection was based on a validated questionnaire with three categories including demographic data, clinical data and type of malignancy, and outcomes. Collected data were analyzed using methods for qualitative and quantitative variables (P-Value < 0.05) by SPSS software version 22. The survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meyer method.    
Results: This study was implied on 1500 children with a mean age of 6.1 years old. The most common malignancy was acute leukemia (30.7%) followed by central nervous system tumors (27%). At the onset of starting treatment, the rate of conferring with relapse, metastasis, and secondary malignancies was 29%, 19.5%, and 1% respectively. In addition, 52 patients had bone marrow transplantation of whom, 14 cases died. Totally, 42% of patients died and the 3-years, 5-years, and 10-years overall survival rates were 67.7% ± 0.01, 60.3% ± 0.01, and 53.8% ± 0.01, respectively.
Conclusion: Establishing a population-based pediatric cancer registry in Iran is necessary and will be useful for improving the survival rate of mentioned patients.
Evaluation of Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio for their Predictive Value in Determining Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Operable Colorectal Cancers
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Dursun Burak , KARAYİĞİT Ahmet , DİZEN Hayrettin , ÜNAL Bülent
Published: April 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have a predictive value in short-term mortality in patients with operable colorectal cancer (CRC).
Material and Methods: A total of 231 (93 female, 138 male) patients with operated CRC between 2016 and 2021 in a university hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Median age was 68 (range, 26-92) years and patients had been under follow-up for a median of 25 (range, 0-54) months. Patients were grouped with respect to survival, those who were alive (n=175) and those who died (n=56) during the follow-up.
Results: The area under the curve for NLR was 0.649 (95% CI: 0.563-0.734, p=0.001), optimal cut-off was 5.08 and demonstrated a sensitivity of 48.2% and a specificity of 81.7% for predicting mortality. The area under the curve for PLR was 0.635 (95% CI: 0.546-0.723, p=0.002), optimal cut-off was 221.5 and demonstrated a sensitivity of 55.4% and a specificity of 72.0%. Multiple regression analysis revealed that recurrence (OR: 60.910, 95% CI: 9.807-378.319, p=<0.001), leakage (OR: 10.724, 95% CI: 1.281-89.747, p=0.029), high NLR (OR: 3.735, 95% CI: 1.602-8.711, p=0.002) and higher age (OR: 1.136, 95% CI: 1.081-1.193, p<0.001) were independently associated with mortality.
Conclusion: The results of this study support studies indicating that preoperative NLR and PLR are effective in predicting short-term mortality in CRC patients who underwent surgical resection. Although further studies are necessary, these biomarkers are promising for future use as prognostic tools in CRC patients.
" I DIDN'T NEED TO BE SHY; I PARTICIPATED IN THE CLASS": A CASE STUDY OF WTC LEARNING SUPPORT AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDNETS IN A REMOTE AREA
Authors: Hasanah Shofiyatul , PRADIPTA PARAHITA , EFENDI ERFAN
Published: April 2022

In language classrooms all around the world educators contest to get students to address in the target language (Yashima, 2018). Educators in University level are steadily attempting new methodology to enhance students with WTC to efficiently speak during teaching-learning process. This qualitative study was designed to investigate the link between students' Willingness to Communicate (WTC) English via Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL)by the media supporting devices used in online learning.  To gain the data, some interviews to ten lecturers and seven students’ participant have been conducted. the finding revealed that media supporting devices in online learning relate to students' WTC English via MALL such as (a) teaching-learning media flexibility, (b) teaching-learning media clarity, (c) teaching-learning classroom sequence formality, (d) teaching-learning media consistency, then (e) techno pedagogical discernment over lecturers and students. This study necessitates that heightening the WTC teaching-learning capacity via MALL through mobile devices extends substantial learning assistance, predominantly in the concept of efficiency for online classroom activities in real-time concurrences.
Determination of the efficacy of two local Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) isolates (Bb-1 and Bv-1) against root-knot nematodes
Authors: YAĞCI Mürşide
Published: April 2022

Root-knot nematodes cause economic damage to various agricultural products, especially vegetables globally. Due to the adverse effects of pesticides on the environment and human health, entomopathogenic fungi are one of the biological control agents used in pest control. In this study, the effects of two different local isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) (Bb-1 and Bv-1) at 106, 107, and 108 CFU ml-1 concentrations were investigated against Meloidogyne incognita race 1 (Kofoid and White, 1919) and Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) on tomato plants. Sixty days after the nematode inoculation, the number of egg packs formed in each plant, plant height (cm), wet plant weight (g), dry plant weight (g), and wet root weight (g), and root dry weight (g) were determined. According to the results, Beauveria bassiana Bb-1 and Bv-1 isolates significantly reduced the reproductive ability of root-knot nematodes. In both isolates, 108 CFU ml-1 concentrations were more effective against M. javanica and M. incognita race1 than other concentrations. Bb-1 isolate is more effective than Bv-1 isolate against M. javanica. On the other hand, the Bv-1 isolate is more effective than another isolate against M. incognita race 1. Entomopathogenic fungi (Bb-1 and Bv-1) are a promising long-term biocontrol strategy in agriculture against root-knot nematodes.
Transformation of Peptides into Non-Peptides. Synthesis of Computer-Generated Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Rich Daniel H. , Bohacek Regine S. , Dales Natalie A. , Glunz Peter , Ripka Amy S.
Published: April 2022

With the intent of discovering novel molecular scaffolds for designing protease inhibitors, the computer program GrowMol was used to generate peptidemimetic inhibitors of aspartic proteases. Beginning with the X-ray crystal structure of A66702 complexed to pepsin, GrowMol successfully generated a series of known cyclic inhibitors of pepsin in which the cysteine side chains in the P1 and P3 inhibitor subsites are connected. GrowMol also created a series of novel urea-derived inhibitors of pepsin, a series of α,α-disubstituted amino-alcohol-derived structures, and a series of cyclohexanol-derived inhibitors in which the core portion of the inhibitor lacks nitrogen. The paper describes the iterative process of selection and synthesis of computer-generated structure, determination of activity, and reassessment of potency with respect to the beginning crystal structure. These efforts led to the synthesis of analogs 9–12 which are novel pepsin inhibitors with moderate inhibitory activity. Attempts to crystallize these inhibitors in the active site of pepsin to determine if compounds 9–12 bind as predicted by GrowMol are in progress.
Portfolio Performance of Islamic Versus Conventional Market Indices and Regime Shift Behavior: Empirical Evidence from Asian Emerging Markets
Authors: Anwar Iqra , Hamid Kashif , Ahmad Naveed , Riaz Ahsan
Published: April 2022

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to examine the performance analysis of Islamic and conventional portfolio of emerging market of Asia and to investigate whether Islamic indices outperform the conventional indices or not. Moreover, to investigate the regime shift behavior of these markets.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Emerging markets of Asia like China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan and Thailand are taken. Data is taken for the period January 2010 to December 2019. Data frequency is on monthly closing prices basis for both markets. Risk adjusted measures like Sharpe ratio, Treynor ratio and Jensen alpha are used for performance evaluation. Markov switching model is used to investigate the performance of both indices.  Morgan Stanley capital international risk- free rate is used as risk proxy.

Findings: Sharpe ratio is outperformed in Islamic markets while Treynor ratio is outperformed in conventional markets. Jensen alpha is outperformed in Islamic market so result proved that mostly Islamic markets is outperformed. The Markov switching model divide the MSCI returns into two parts recession and expansion. Results indicated that the presence of regime in both recession and expansion period so investor can diversify the international portfolios. Mix portfolio strategy is indicated that investor behavior is indifferent. There is a change in both regime in recession and expansion period so investor consider the international portfolio diversification with regime shifts.

Implications/Originality/Value: This study is important for global investor as well as local investor for portfolio diversification. This study is also important for academic scholars, Regulatory authorities and for those who is interested in Islamic funds by their religious views.
CORPO “RE(des)COBERTO:
Authors: Santos Maia Rosemere , Santos Maia Carlos Eduardo , Menezes Marluci
Published: April 2022

Apresentamos neste dossiê uma série de textos que abordam o CORPO “RE(des)COBERTO”, pondo em debate as vestimentas, as roupas, os trajes, as fantasias, a moda e os múltiplos suplementos que o transformam e ajustam, libertam e controlam, personalizam e uniformizam, traduzindo sistemas de representações, identidades e modos de ser/estar no espaço-tempo.
Toma-se a corporeidade humana a partir das relações culturais, econômicas, políticas, existenciais, religiosas, bem como das determinações impostas pela natureza, pelas práticas que visam a segurança, o bem-estar e/ou a preservação da saúde.  Todas atravessam a cotidianidade, sendo observadas nos mais diversos rituais festivos, nos eventos de marketing e naqueles praticados nos espaços públicos ou no contexto privado, muitas vezes pensados como se se fossem “só nossos”, mas que na verdade são práticas sociais.
hero's mask:
Authors: Barbosa dos santos Helen , Passuelo de Oliveira Aline , Dermenjian Renata
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Through one of the images published by the media regarding the faces of health professionals represented as "real heroes" on the front lines in the fight against the Coronavirus, the facial protection mask will be problematized as a political artifact, which, by hiding certain skins, reveals the hierarchization of certain lives. The epistemological perspective is based mainly on authors, such as Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agambem and on studies on the subject with a focus on intersectionalities. The mask, an instrument of warlike discursive practices around living and dying, is positioned in the ambiguity of protection/segregation, sacred lives/non-crying lives, reiterating social, political and economic (in)visibilities of certain bodies.

Keywords: Protection mask; Pandemic; Intersectionalities.

 

 

 

Resumo

Através de uma das imagens veiculada pela mídia relativa ao rosto dos profissionais de saúde representados como “verdadeiros heróis” na linha de frente no combate ao Coronavírus, a máscara de proteção facial será problematizada enquanto artefato político, que ao esconder determinadas peles revela a hierarquização de certas vidas. A perspectiva epistemológica é baseada principalmente em autores, como Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben e em estudos sobre a temática com foco nas interseccionalidades. A máscara, instrumento das práticas discursivas bélicas em torno do viver e morrer é posicionada na ambiguidade proteção/segregação, vidas sacralizadas/vidas não choráveis, reiterando (in)visibilidades sociais, políticas e econômicas a determinados corpos.

 Palavras-chaves: Máscara de proteção; Pandemia; Interseccionalidades.
Pemanfaatan Air Buah Kelapa untuk Pembuatan Natadecoco pada Kelompok Wirausaha Mandiri (KWM) di Desa Gunungsari, Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: M. Yamin  , Khairuddin  , L. Japa  , I. Putu Artayasa
Published: April 2022

Air buah kelapa sampai saat ini terutama di pasar Desa Gunungsari masih dibuang percuma belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, padahal memiliki banyak manfaat kesehatan dan nilai ekonomi, misalnya untuk pembuatan nata de coco. Nata de coco adalah makanan yang terbuat dari sari air buah kelapa, berbentuk seperti jeli, berwarna putih hingga bening dan mempunyai tekstur kenyal. Makanan ini digemari banyak orang dan bernilai ekonomi tinggi, pembuatannya tidak terlalu sulit. Makanan ini dihasilkan dari proses fermentasi air buah kelapa. Bibitnya adalah bakteri Acetobacter xylinum yang akan dapat membentuk serat nata jika ditempatkan atau dikembangkan dalam air kelapa yang sudah diperkaya dengan karbon dan nitrogen melalui proses yang terkontrol. Dalam kondisi ini, bakteri tersebut akan menghasilkan enzim yang dapat menyusun zat gula menjadi ribuan rantai serat atau selulosa. Dari jutaan renik yang tumbuh pada air kelapa tersebut, dapat menghasilkan jutaan lembar benang-benang selulosa yang akhirnya nampak padat berwarna putih maupun transparan dan sudah bisa disebut dengan ‘nata’. Acetobacter xylinum tumbuh pada pH 3,5–7,5, namun akan tumbuh optimal bila pH nya 4,3, dan suhu 28°– 31 °C. Bakteri ini sangat memerlukan oksigen. Asam asetat atau asam cuka digunakan untuk menurunkan pH atau meningkatkan keasaman air kelapa. Asam asetat yang baik adalah asam asetat glacial (99,8%). Asam asetat dengan konsentrasi rendah dapat digunakan, namun untuk mencapai tingkat keasaman yang diinginkan yaitu pH 4,5–5,5 dibutuhkan dalam jumlah banyak. Pelaksanaan kegiatan berupa Pendidikan dan pelatihan, diikuti oleh 20 orang peserta dari desa lokasi. Alat dan bahannya yaitu: Panci/Langseng dari stenless, pengaduk/sinduk stenless, kompor, timbangan duduk, gelas ukur, baki plastic, koran penutup, karet pengikat, rak untuk baki plastik, muk ukur dan kain kassa/saringan halus. Bahan: Air kelapa murni, gula pasir/putih, Za/Urea, cuka Biang dan bibit Nata de Coco
Pendidikan Kristen Antisipatif-Transformatif: Revitalisasi Fungsi Didaskalia untuk Ketahanan Pemuda Kristen di Era Transnasionalisme
Authors: Sianipar Desi , Sairwona Wellem , Hasugian Johanes Waldes , Zega Yunardi Kristian , Ritonga Nova
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The radical transnational ideologies can easily attack and damage Christians’ youth in this digital era. The purpose of this study is to deliniate anticipatory-transformative Christian education and the significance of revitalizing the didaskalia function as the foundation for the Christian’s youth resilience in the transnationalism era. The method in this research was the literature study method. Through this research, it was found that the didaskalia function is very urgent to be revitalized in the context of the resilience of Christian’s youth in the midst of the swift currents of transnational ideology. As an anticipatory-transformative effort, Christian Education seeks to develop an accommodative and contextual education model to build a strong foundation of Christian’s youth, which will enable them to face the complex life.Abstrak. Ideologi transnasional yang bersifat radikal dapat dengan mudah menyerang dan merusak generasi muda Kristen pada era digital ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan pendidikan Kristen antisipatif-transformatif dan pentingnya revitalisasi fungsi didaskalia sebagai pondasi ketahanan pemuda Kristen di era transnasionalisme. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi pustaka. Melalui penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa fungsi didaskalia semakin urgen untuk direvitalisasi dalam konteks ketahanan pemuda Kristen di tengah derasnya arus ideologi transnasional. Sebagai upaya antisipatif-transformatif, Pendidikan Kristen berupaya mengembangkan model pendidikan yang akomodatif dan kontekstual dalam rangka membangun pondasi yang kuat dalam diri pemuda Kristen, yang memampukan mereka dalam menghadapi kehidupan yang kompleks.
Visualisasi Business Model Canvas pada Discord
Authors: Pratama Rizki
Published: April 2022

Discord merupakan sebuah platform komunikasi online yang sangat dikenal dikalangan gamers, untuk mengenal lebih jauh tentang discord business model canvas merupakan salah satu caranya. Dan dengan mengenal lebih jauh discord ini dengan menggunakan business model canvas bisa memberikan pengetahuan dan manfaat.
teori teori dalam pemerintahan daerah
Authors: yahya silva syahraini
Published: April 2022

Teori adalah generalisasi yang abstrak mengenai beberapa fenomena. Dalam menyusungeneralisasi, teori selalu memkai konsepkonsep. Konsep lahir dalam pikiran (mind) manusia dankarena itu bersifat abstrak, sekalipun fakta-fakta dapat dipakai sebagai batu loncatan. Konsepadalah unsur yang penting dalam usaha kita untuk mengerti dunia sekeliling. Otonomi daerahadalah hak, wewenang dan kewajiban daerah otonomuntukmengatur dan mengurus sendiripemerintahan dan kepentingan masyarakat sesuai dengan perundang - undangan. Dengandiberlakukannya otonomi daerah, pemerintah diberikan tanggung jawab untuk mengatur,memanfaatkandanmenggali sumber - sumber potensi yang ada di daerah untuk memenuhikebutuhandaerah masing - masing. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan daerah, pemerintahdaerahberupaya untuk meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). PADbersumber dari pajakdaerah, retribusi daerah, hasil perusahaan milik daerah danhasil pengelolaan kekayaan daerahyang dipisahkan, dan pendapatan lain-lain yangsah. Salah satu pajak daerah yang berpotensibesar adalah pajak hotel.
MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU, PELAYANAN, DAN NILAI
Authors: Azifah Nurul
Published: April 2022

Pelanggan biasanya menghadapi sederetan besar produk dan jasa yang dapat memuaskan kebutuhan tertentu.Bagaimana mereka memilih dari sedemikian banyak produk dan jasa?Konsumen membuat pilihan pembelian berdasarkan presepsi mereka terhadap nilai yang melekat pada berbagai produk dan jasa.
sejarah pemerintahan daerah di indonesia
Authors: Natasyah Nurul Alya
Published: April 2022

Pemerintahan daerah dalam rangka meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas penyelenggaraanotonomi daerah, harus memperhatikan hubungan antar susunan pemerintahan. Hal tersebutdilakukan agar pemerintah mampu menjalankan tugasnya, daerah diberikan kewenangan yangseluas-luasnya disertai dengan pemberian hak dan kewajiban untuk menyelenggarakan otonomidaerah dalam kesatuan sistem penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara. Sesuai dengan amanatUndang Undang Dasar 1945 Negara Republik Indonesia di dalam Pasal 18, pemerintah daerahberwenang untuk mengatur dan mengurus sendiri urusan urusan pemerintahan menurut asasotonomi dan pembantuan.
The role of confucianism in sociopolitics of the Nguyen dynasty in the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Lan Pham Thi
Published: April 2022

The research focuses on how the Nguyen dynasty it became the first to have the largest territory in the history of Vietnam in its nearly 60 years of establishing and reigning over the unified country in the first half of the 19th century. It is seen that in terms of organizing the state apparatus, Gia Long and Minh Mang retained the system of agencies of the previous dynasties and continued reforms to ensure socio-political stability in their governance at that time. The study also clarifies the social role of Confucianism in the Nguyen dynasty, i.e. in the first half of the 19th century, which, in our opinion, is theoretically and practically significant, with the hope of further unraveling the role of Confucianism in that period.
Kajian model bisnis wishka company
Authors: sentanawan Kun
Published: April 2022

WISHKA Company adalah usaha usaha yang bergerak di bidang jasa produksi tas clothing yang berlokasikan di Jl. Gempol no.2 RT 3 RW 9 Kec. Sukun, Malang, Jawa Timur. WISHKA Company perfokus pada produksi tas anak muda yang memiliki usaha clothing dengan kualitas dan model yang sangat baik sehingga dapat bersaing di pasar menengah atas dan juga menengah. Dengan pelayanan pada customer sebaik baiknya dengan mengerjakan sesuai deadline yang ditentukan membuat kepuasan dan kepercayaan pelanggan menjadi meningkat. Selain itu juga masih peduli dengan after sales kepada customer seperti bersedia mengganti ketika ada orderan yang tidak sesuai dan juga mungkin ada yang cacat. WISHKA Company selalu mengevalusi kekurangan dengan seiring berjalannya waktu membuat usaha ini mengalami peningkatan dari segi hasil produki dan juga managementnya.
Hubungan dan Pembagian Kerja Dalam Pengelolaan Koperasi
Authors: Azizah Fithri
Published: April 2022

Koperasi merupakan lembaga yang harus dikelola sebagaimana layaknya lembaga bisnis. Di dalam sebuah lembaga bisnis diperlukan sebuah pengelolaan yang efektif dan efisien yang dikenal dengan manajemen. Demikian juga dalam badan usaha koperasi, manajemen merupakan satu hak yang harus ada demi terwujudnya tujuan yang diharapkan.. Prof. Ewell Paul Roy mengatakan bahwa manajemen koperasi melibatkan 4 (empat) unsur yaitu: anggota, pengurus, manajer, dan karyawan. Seorang manajer harus bisa menciptakan kondisi yang mendorong para karyawan agar mempertahankan produktivitas yang tinggi. Karyawan merupakan penghubung antara manajemen dan anggota pelanggan
Ký ức về bài nghiên cứu đầy cảm xúc xuất bản 3 năm trước
Authors: Hoàng Vương Quân
Published: April 2022

Và đó đây, tôi cảm thấy ấm áp, khi đọc được những dòng của thanh niên Mỹ gốc Việt bàn về văn hóa Việt Nam trong đó có sự đóng góp của thông tin khoa học từ bài nghiên cứu "Cultural evolution in Vietnam's early 20th century: A Bayesian networks analysis of Hanoi Franco-Chinese house designs"
Business model canvas dari Netflix !!
Authors: pattinasarany Moses aprila
Published: April 2022

Pada awal nya untuk menonton sebuah film harus melalui bioskop (untuk film yang barukeluar) atau melalui kaset dan DVD (untuk film yang sudah lama), dan hal itu harusmengeluarkan biaya lebih jika di hitung dari perjalanan untuk membeli tiket bioskop ataubahakan untuk membeli kaset nya. Karena hal tersebut Netflix hadir untuk memberikemudahan bagi para konsumen hanya dengan berlangganan setiap bulan nya bisamenonton ratusan bahkan ribuan film yang cukup baru.
Diva Vania Girsang - Visualisasi Business Model Canvas pada Mcdonald's
Authors: Girsang Diva Vania
Published: April 2022

McDonald's tidak asing di telinga masyarakat karena memiliki konsep bisnis yang sangat menarik dan memiliki cita rasa yang berbeda dan sulit ditemukan kenikmatannya di tempat lain. Perusahaan tersebut merupakan restoran makanan cepat saji yang berkembang dengan pesat di berbagai negara.
HUBUNGAN DAN PEMBAGIAN KERJA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KOPERASI
Authors: khasanah uswatun
Published: April 2022

Masyarakat merupakan sebuah organisasi yang merupakan kumpulan dari sejumlah individu yang tentunya memiliki visi dan misi yang sama dalam menjalani kehidupan, Sebelum terjun kedalam sebuah masyarakat. Koperasi adalahsaka guruatau tiang utama penyangga ekonomi rakyat banyak.Saka guru akan kuat jika peran serta anggotanya benar-benar berfungsi secara aktif dan kreatif.Organisasi Koperasi merupakan lembaga yang bergerak dalam bidang bisnis (ekonomi) yangpembentukkannya secara esensi didasarkan pada menolong melalui kesamaan (solidaritas), effort (usaha) dan individualitas, dalam organisasi dan perusahaan Koperasi.
Hubungan Dan Pembagian Kerja Dalam Pengelolaan Koperasi
Authors: Rasti Ardina
Published: April 2022

Dalam pengelolaan manajemen koperasi tentunya itu merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan sebagaimana dengan pengelolaan perusahaan dengan menggunakan sistem manajemen masing-masing.