bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling the Impact of Spatial Correlations of Road Failures on Travel Times during Adverse Weather Conditions
Authors: Wisetjindawat Wisinee , Wilson R. Eddie , Bullock Seth , de Villafranca Alonso Espinosa Mireles
Published: May 2019

Traveling in extreme adverse weather involves a high risk of travel delay and traffic accidents. There is a need to assess the impact of extreme weather on transport infrastructure and to find suitable mitigation strategies to alleviate the associated undesirable outcomes. Previous work in vulnerability studies applied either a constant failure probability or an assumed probabilistic distribution. Such assumptions ignored many factors causing the occurrence of road failure, especially that infrastructure components tend to fail interdependently. Based on empirical data of road failures and rainfall intensity during a typhoon, this study develops a statistical model, incorporating spatial correlations among the segments of road infrastructure, and uses it to evaluate the impact of the typhoon on travel time reliability. Mixed-effects logistic regression as well as rare-events logistic regression are applied to understand the factors involved in road failures and the spatial correlations of the failed segments. The analysis suggested that, in addition to the rainfall intensity, the road geometry, including elevation, land slope, and distance from the nearest river, were important factors in the failure. In addition, there is a significant correlation of failures within watersheds. This model gives an insight into the characteristics of road failures and their associated travel risks, which is useful for authorities to find proper mitigations to reduce the adverse effects in future disasters.
Eco-Trajectory Planning with Consideration of Queue along Congested Corridor for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Yang Zhen , Feng Yiheng , Gong Xun , Zhao Ding , Sun Jing
Published: May 2019

At signalized intersections, vehicle speed profile plays a vital role in determining fuel consumption and emissions. With advances of connected and automated vehicle technology, vehicles are able to receive predicted traffic information from the infrastructure in real-time to plan their trajectories in a fuel-efficient way. In this paper, an eco-driving model is developed for hybrid electric vehicles in a congested urban traffic environment. The vehicle queuing process is explicitly modeled by the shockwave profile model with consideration of vehicle deceleration and acceleration to provide a green window for eco-vehicle trajectory planning. A trigonometric speed profile is applied to minimize fuel consumption and maximize driving comfort with a low jerk. A hybrid electric vehicle fuel consumption model is built and calibrated with real vehicle data to evaluate the energy benefit of the eco-vehicles. Simulation results from a real-world corridor of six intersections show that the proposed eco-driving model can significantly reduce energy consumption by 8.7% on average and by 23.5% at maximum, without sacrificing mobility.
Energy and Nutrient Intakes of Rural Nigerian Schoolchildren: Relationship With Dietary Diversity
Authors: Ayogu Rufina
Published: May 2019

Background:

Undernutrition among schoolchildren is a prevalent public health problem which may be due to inadequate energy and nutrient intakes associated with low dietary diversity.

Objective:

This study assessed dietary diversity scores (DDS), energy and nutrient intakes of schoolchildren (6-15 years), and risks factors of DDS and determined if energy and nutrient intakes were dependent on dietary diversity.

Methods:

The study involved a 2-stage random sampling of 90 schoolchildren. Dietary diversity and nutrient intake data were obtained through a 3-day weighed food intake. Analysis of variance, t test, and χ2 with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test were used to determine relationships among and between variables; P < .05 was reported as significant.

Results:

Few (22.2%) had high DDS with no significant difference ( P > .05) between age groups and sex. Children from male headed households were more likely to have medium DDS (odds ratio [OR] = 3.231; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.037-10.070) than those from female headed households ( P < .05). Low nutrient intakes were observed among 85.6% for niacin, 76.7% for calcium, 72.2% for riboflavin, 54.4% for protein, 32.2% for thiamine, and 15.6% for vitamin C. Among boys, prevalence of inadequate riboflavin intake was significantly ( P < .05) higher among 6- to 9-year-olds. Among girls, prevalence of inadequate vitamin A intake was significantly ( P < .01) higher among 10 to 15-year-olds. Children with adequate intakes of iron (OR = 0.744, 95% CI = 0.653-0.847) and thiamine (OR = 5.651, 95% CI = 1.214-26.310) were more likely to have high DDS.

Conclusion:

The schoolchildren had low energy and nutrient intakes. Iron and thiamine, intakes were dependent on DDS.
Unsettling Notions of Planning Competence: Lessons from Studio-Based Learning with Indigenous Peoples
Authors: Barry Janice , Allan Evan , Chandran Deepa , Cook James , Curtis Brittany , Kostyniuk Ashley , Mikulec Philip , Searle Meleana , Yau Derek
Published: May 2019

Drawing on the instructor and student experiences of a service-based learning course with Indigenous peoples, this paper considers how studios develop the skills and competencies outlined by accrediting bodies. Yet, this approach to teaching and learning can also unsettle students’ sense of professional competence and faith in the usefulness of conventional planning methods. In this case, unsettlement was a valuable and productive outcome that supported the development of a more critically reflective approach to working with Indigenous peoples and a newfound appreciation of the need to engage in disquieting conversations about the colonial underpinnings of the planning profession.
Migration and Participation in Adult Education: The Matthew Effect on Immigrants
Authors: Bağcı Şükrü Erhan
Published: May 2019

The Matthew Effect has been one of the best known principles in adult education, implying that the ones who have more formal education at earlier phases of life participate more in education in adulthood. This qualitative research explores how the Matthew Effect works under migration, focusing on the experiences of the Turkish immigrants in Germany. The documentary analyses of the narrative interviews in the study reveal that the Matthew Effect among immigrants works depending on the formation of the immigrant habitus. The factors to mediate the making of the immigrant habitus are social and cultural capital, gender, the hysteresis effect, and affections such as expectations from the host society, biographical regrets, and the sense of belonging to the collective identity of the immigrants.
Naegleria fowleri Hemorrhagic Meningoencephalitis: Report of Two Fatalities in Children
Authors: Okuda Darin T. , Hanna Hank J. , Coons Stephen W. , Bodenstelner John B.
Published: May 2019

Two cases of hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis secondary to Naegleria fowleri infection confirmed by postmortem analysis are described. The first patient is a 5-year-old boy who presented with a severe headache, neck stiffness, and lethargy. His neurologic examination was significant for somnolence and nuchal rigidity. Cerebrospinal fluid studies and structural neuroimaging were consistent with hemorrhagic meningoencephalitis. Another 5-year-old boy presented to a different institution 2 miles away in the same week with similar complaints. Both patients declined rapidly and expired within 48 hours of admission secondary to transtentorial herniation caused by the mass effect of inflammation, edema, and hemorrhage with displacement of the brain stem. Histopathologic and immunochemistry analysis of brain tissue revealed the presence of Naegleria trophozoites in both cases.
Surgery for Moyamoya Disease in Children
Authors: Appireddy Ramana , Ranjan Manish , Durafourt Bryce A. , Riva-Cambrin Jay , Hader Walter J. , Adelson P. David
Published: May 2019

Moyamoya disease is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular occlusive disease of the terminal portion of the internal carotid arteries associated with an acquired abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain, often leading to ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Moyamoya disease is a relatively common cause of pediatric stroke with a specific racial and well-identified clinical and imaging phenotype. Moyamoya disease is more prevalent in East Asian countries compared with other geographic regions with a higher incidence of familial cases and clinically more aggressive form. Moyamoya disease is one of the few causes of stroke that is amenable to effective surgical revascularization treatment. There are various surgical options available for revascularization, including the direct, indirect, or combined bypass techniques, each with variable responses. However, due to the heterogeneity of the diseases, different clinical course, geographical variables associated with the disease, and availability of a wide variety of surgical revascularization procedures, optimal selection of a surgical candidate and the surgical technique becomes challenging, particularly in the pediatric population. This brief review presents pertinent literature of clinical options for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of moyamoya disease in children.
Risk Factors for Severe Violence in Intimate Partner Stalking Situations: An Analysis of Police Records
Authors: Bendlin Martyna , Sheridan Lorraine
Published: May 2019

Stalkers can be violent, and empirical studies have sought to identify factors associated with violence perpetrated by the stalker. Most of these works view physical violence as a homogeneous construct and do not differentiate between moderate and severe violence. The present study aims to identify correlates of nonviolent, moderate, and severe physical violence within an archival sample of 369 domestically violent police incident reports, where stalking behavior was indicated. The incident reports utilized in this study occurred between 2013 and 2017, among intimate or ex-intimate partners. The present study explored 12 independent variables that have yielded mixed findings in previous stalking violence literature, as well as two previously untested factors of nonfatal strangulation and child contact. The police records were coded for severity of physical violence using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale and analyzed using a logistic regression. The regression analysis revealed significant independent associations between the outcome variable of severe physical violence and child contact, history of domestic violence, separation, nonfatal strangulation, jealousy, previous injury, and victim belief of potential harm. These results may help produce pragmatic recommendations for law enforcement agencies and other relevant bodies who seek to identify victims at risk of severe violence, increasing the potential for early intervention and prevention of physical harm. The awareness of factors that are shown to be related to serious physical violence may assist first responders in recognizing which victims may be at risk of serious harm, as well as effectively allocating any appropriate resources to reduce and prevent harm.
Teach For America and Teacher Quality: Increasing Achievement Over Time
Authors: Penner Emily K.
Published: May 2019

Teach For America (TFA), a prominent alternative teacher certification program, has evolved substantially since it began in 1989. However, most studies ignore this potential variation when evaluating TFA’s effects on student outcomes. Using 12 years of administrative data, I test whether TFA’s effects on achievement differ over time, focusing on a major reform introduced in 2005 and testing for changes in the qualifications of TFA corps members recruited before and after this reform. I find that TFA’s effects on achievement increased over time in some subjects and grade levels. However, these changes do not occur immediately following the reforms, nor are they explained by most observable teacher quality indicators. Instead, results indicate gradual improvement over time in many subjects. These results help explain divergent findings in previous research from different periods and underscore the importance of understanding the continuing evolution of alternative teacher certification programs.
Aminocaproic Acid for the Reversal of Alteplase: A Case Series
Authors: Verkerk Brittany S. , Berger Karen , Lesch Christine A.
Published: May 2019

Introduction:

The evidence to support the use of aminocaproic acid for reversal of alteplase is limited to case reports. Current guidelines recommend cryoprecipitate as first-line treatment, or an antifibrinolytic if cryoprecipitate is unavailable or cannot be used. This case series describes the use of aminocaproic acid for alteplase-related hemorrhage.

Materials and Methods:

Patients who received aminocaproic acid within 48 hours of alteplase from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017 were included. Patients were excluded if aminocaproic acid was not administered for an alteplase-related hemorrhage. Thromboembolic complications at 14 days and hemostasis within 24 hours were documented.

Results:

Sixteen patients received aminocaproic acid for an alteplase-related hemorrhage. Aminocaproic acid was given for hemorrhagic conversion of acute ischemic stroke in 7 of 16 patients and other types of hemorrhages in the remaining patients. Hemostasis occurred in 3 of 10 evaluable patients. Overall mortality was 63% (10/16). Administration of aminocaproic acid varied significantly (50% bolus, 12.5% infusion, 37.5% bolus plus infusion). One of 6 evaluable patients had a thromboembolic event. All patients received concomitant blood products. Cryoprecipitate was administered in 69% (11/16) of patients.

Conclusions:

There was no clear relationship between the timing or dose of aminocaproic acid and hemostasis, and it is unclear if administration of aminocaproic acid contributes to hemostasis.
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: The Ethic and Ethos of Holistic Nursing
Authors: Rosa William E. , Dossey Barbara M. , Watson Jean , Beck Deva-Marie , Upvall Michele J.
Published: May 2019

Holistic nursing is founded on the values of integrality and the awareness of whole-people and whole-system interconnectedness. These concepts are foundational to the broader global health agendas and initiatives of our time, which seek to improve human, animal, and planetary health. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development represents the most remarkable transnational initiative in history: a 15-year plan (2015-2030) rallying the efforts of all countries, governments, and concerned citizens worldwide to foster human–planet thriving and survival. The purpose herein is to substantiate the United Nations 2030 Agenda as a holistic nursing priority and theory-practice opportunity for current and future professional maturation. This article provides a background of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a discussion regarding their relevance to holistic nursing, and an explanation of the essential nature of partnerships in attaining each of these “Global Goals.” We link the discussion of the SDGs directly to the American Holistic Nurses Association’s Core Values and identify implications for practice, education, research, and policy. Holistic nursing is ideally situated throughout the health care system and in the broader global context to advocate and advance the SDGs.
Take two: Prescribing Latinx and medicine as aesthetic form
Authors: Galvan Rene
Published: May 2019

Take Your Medicine is an artist speculation and an ongoing studio investigation into the ways that cultural stereotypes and popular representations of Latino/a culture are prioritized, distorted, “unthoughtfully” prescribed, consumed, reproduced, and re-circulated through a Latinx body. Using medicine and health as art formats, Rene Galvan compounds visual research and the encounter of information into pills. And if medicine constructs the objects that it treats, then it is through medicine that one may see the diagnosis and prognosis for Latinx. Galvan, working from that logic, hypothesizes on the various effects the fabricated, cultural info-medication may have in shaping and reflecting emergent Latinx subjectivities and aesthetics.
The deportability continuum as activist research
Authors: Anderson Jill
Published: May 2019

This essay explores the aftermath of deportation and the concept of a deportability continuum from the perspective of a transnational, activist researcher. Retracing the process of becoming an activist and researcher via the successful though measured impact of a book of first-person testimonios and photography titled Los Otros Dreamers, this article argues for the significance of the “deportability continuum” as a concept in need of dissemination and debate beyond academe. This analysis of the deportability continuum in a US–Mexico context also renders more clear and concrete the transnational connections between the threat of deportation and the aftermath of deportation. Via the work of community organizing, the connections that implicate the disciplinary investments of Latinxs Studies with Latin American Studies come alive in the ongoing articulations of Poch@ House, a new community and cultural space in Mexico City.
Latino Studies, Latino/a/X futures: Provocations toward a prospectus
Authors: De Genova Nicholas
Published: May 2019

Is there a future for Latino/a/X Studies? This question – alternately anxious or ambitious – seems to have been haunting the field for many years. If it can be affirmed with reasonable confidence that the answer to this question is yes, the relative assuredness of the future of Latino Studies as an institutionalized area of academic inquiry may nonetheless be a sign of our domestication. After all, Latino/a/X Studies is a field that has emerged as the site of a potentially subversive and inherently insurgent form of knowledge. This field was always intrinsically an intrusion into the hegemonic and disciplinary organization of knowledge within the university. The more that our collective yet diverse critical project has been assigned its “proper” place, albeit still a diminutive one, within the university, the more that its critical purchase is necessarily at risk of being rendered safe for the dominant epistemic and political projects that govern higher education and its reproduction. Therefore, it seems judicious and productive to posit the question of the future of Latino/a/X Studies as a problem. Scholarship in our field has always been most compelling and relevant when it can illuminate something about the historically specific relationalities that situate Latino/a/Xs at the veritable center of larger processes of social and political formation and transformation, rather than retreating into culturalist insularity and parochialism. Arguably, this has never been so evident as in our present moment of danger during the Trump presidency.
Discourses of Professionalism in Front-Line Service Work: Insights from a Case Study in an Italian Bank
Authors: Carollo Luca , Solari Luca
Published: May 2019

The article draws on the literature on the triangular employment relationship in the service industry, as well as on the debate on contemporary forms of professionalism, to explore the varied uses of the discourse of professionalism in a banking company. Methodologically, it is a single-case study based on 61 semi-structured interviews, company documents and observational data. The research results show how, in the company studied, the notion of professionalism was used both by individual employees and, at the collective level, by union organizations to advance front-line employees’ and customers’ interests vis-a-vis the management. Moreover, rather than a single discourse, several discourses of professionalism coexisted within the company, and they were subject to constant debate and contestation. The article thus advances extant research on both contemporary forms of service work and professionalism, while providing a bridge between these two streams of literature which, to date, have barely talked to each other.
The Problem of Acedia in Eastern Orthodox Morality
Authors: Jones Christopher D.
Published: May 2019

Eastern Orthodox accounts of acedia are often neglected in Catholic and Protestant circles, yet offer a range of insights for contemporary virtue ethics and moral psychology. Acedia is a complex concept with shades of apathy, hate, and desire that poses grave problems for the moral life and human wellbeing. This is because acedia disorders reasoning, desiring, willing, and acting, and causes various harms to relationships. Evagrius Ponticus and John Cassian discuss acedia in the context of a virtue ethic ordered to human flourishing that includes practices to combat vices and build character. The result is an Orthodox conception of virtue and moral psychology that rewards ecumenical attention.
Variable steering ratio control of steer-by-wire vehicle to improve handling performance
Authors: Wu Xiaodong , Li Wenqi
Published: May 2019

To improve vehicle handling performance, a variable steering ratio characteristic for steer-by-wire system is designed. The steering ratio is adjusted by a compensating coefficient according to vehicle longitudinal speed and steering wheel angle. To evaluate the performance of vehicle with variable steering ratio, simulations are conducted based on an objective evaluation index, which consists of quadratic cost functions of vehicle lateral deviation, steering angular speed, vehicle lateral acceleration and roll angle. By using the optimized data from the simulation results, a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy neural network is designed for the steering ratio control. In order to test and validate the proposed controller, a series of comparison experiments are conducted on a closed-loop driver-vehicle system, including lemniscate curve test and double lane-change test. The results demonstrate that compared with a conventional steering system with fixed steering ratio, the proposed system can not only improve steering agility at low speed and steering stability at high speed, but also reduce driver’s workload in critical driving conditions.
Biomechanical in vitro evaluation of a ready-to-use calcium phosphate cement implanted to augment intramedullary nail fixation of a three-part humeral head fracture model
Authors: Grünewald Dag , Langenmair Elia , Hirschmüller Anja , Maier Dirk , Südkamp Norbert P , Konstantinidis Lukas
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was the dynamic biomechanical evaluation of a ready-to-use oil-based calcium phosphate cement paste implanted to augment intramedullary nail fixation of a three-part humeral head fracture model. Fractures in the osteoporotic bone are often fractures of the proximal humerus. Secondary fracture displacements due to cut-out in osteoporotic bone have been observed in up to 13% of cases. Procedures have been developed to augment fracture fixation with polymethylmethacrylate to increase stability, but there are still unsolved challenges relating to its material-specific properties. Calcium phosphate cement could be a biological alternative in the augmentation of osteoporotic fractures because of its more favourable material properties. Fracture fixation was performed on eight pairs of human cadaveric bones to stabilize a standardized three-part humeral head fracture model by implantation of the Targon® PH (Braun–Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) intramedullary nail and insertion of three head screws and two bicortical shaft screws. The procedure was randomized, and one bone of each pair received calcium phosphate cement augmentation. Custom-made cannulated screws with an open lateral slot facilitated augmentation, making it possible to cement the threaded portion of the screw (1-mL calcium phosphate cement/screw). After the calcium phosphate cement had hardened, the humeri were subjected to dynamic axial loading. Load was progressively increased, monitored by ultrasound-based motion analysis, and total deformation was recorded. Load testing continued until implant failure. The augmented group withstood significantly more cycles before implant failure. The average initial stiffness showed a significant difference between the two study groups. Ultrasonic sensor technology was used to measure angular displacement during testing and a significant difference was found. Calcium phosphate cement offers a potential alternative to implant augmentation in the treatment of osteoporotic humeral head fractures. Future studies are required to confirm these observations clinically in vivo.
La littérature en médiations : Introduction
Authors: Glynn Dominic , Lemerle Sébastien
Published: May 2019

Le projet « Literature under Constraint » est né de l’hypothèse très générale qu’il est arrivé quelque chose à la littérature française contemporaine, abstraction faite des jugements de valeur qu’on peut y porter, et que ce quelque chose peut être appréhendé grâce à la notion de contrainte. Pour ce faire, une perspective multidisciplinaire, maniant à la fois les outils propres à l’analyse littéraire (explication de texte, stylistique, génétique textuelle, etc.) et les apports récents des sciences sociales (inscription de la littérature dans l’ensemble des contextes sociaux qui la conditionnent), nous semble la mieux placée pour dégager la spécificité de la production littéraire des quarante dernières années.
“Shame at being human” as a transformative political concept and praxis: Pedagogical possibilities
Authors: Zembylas Michalinos
Published: May 2019

Feminist theorizations have recovered the ethical and political value of shame, suggesting that shame operates not only as a mechanism of normalization and social exclusion but also as a primary affect of intersubjective life. This paper argues that this theorization can be enriched by putting into conversation Agamben’s and Deleuze’s interactions with Primo Levi on shame as an ambivalent affect. What is shameful, for both Deleuze and Agamben, is not simply the sense of being judged by others as unworthy, unwanted, or wrong, but rather the awareness of one’s complicity in Others’ suffering. This essay explores the pedagogical openings of shame as the inability of the self to respond to Others’ suffering. The paper concludes by suggesting that certain experiences of shame can be transformative in that they create pedagogical possibilities that could subvert negative referents of shame. What the author terms critical pedagogies of shame pay explicit attention to the affective complexities of the narratives of oppression and suffering that enter the classroom and interrogate in particular the trappings of normative narratives of shame.
Chafing masculinity: Heterosexual violence and young men's shame
Authors: Gottzén Lucas
Published: May 2019

The role of shame in feminist activism has been debated lately, where scholars particularly have discussed whether shame could enable individuals with privileged positions, such as heterosexual men, to align with vulnerable groups or prevent them from political action. Drawing on written stories submitted to a feminist anti-violence campaign, this paper explores young men's shame of having been sexist or sexually violent. Through displaying shame, they distance themselves from problematic past violent or sexist actions, producing or reconstructing a respectable masculine subjectivity. In their narratives, the young men at times embrace and adopt a “chafing masculinity”, that is, an uncomfortable and troubling heteromasculine position. Drawing on these narratives, the paper discusses how shame – by exposing heterosexual men's uncontrolled discomfort and helping men to unlearn privilege – may be a politically progressive emotion and contribute to pro-feminist politics.
Classed formations of shame in white, British single mothers
Authors: Morris Charlotte , Munt Sally R
Published: May 2019

This article discusses the formation of shame in a group of white heterosexual British women originally from middle-class backgrounds. Narrative interviews convey how participants perceive their lives to have been “spoiled” and stigmatised through becoming single mothers. They articulate perceptions of how their lives have fallen short of idealised heteronormative, middle-class trajectories of neoliberal success and adopt a range of narrative strategies to counter this, informed by the politics of shame in relation to single motherhood in contemporary Britain.
Body hair and its entanglement: Shame, choice and resistance in body hair practices among young Icelandic people
Authors: Jóhannsdóttir Ásta
Published: May 2019

Iceland's performance on the Gender Gap Index has been outstanding in the last nine years. It now has a reputation for being one of the most gender equal countries in the world. However, local feminist activists argue that challenges to full gender equality remain. Underlying both the dominant gender equality rhetoric and feminist activism is a neoliberal, postfeminist sensibility that all are free to choose their most preferred body practices and that empowerment is a fact. There are, however, more subtle indications that young people's views of body hair practices, hinging around binaristic gender norms, are more ambivalent than that. This paper investigates how body hair practices are performed among young Icelandic people. The theoretical framework draws on feminist, poststructuralist, and affect theories. The data was collected between 2012 and 2016 and consists of semi-structured interviews with young women and men, group interviews with five young women based on co-operative inquiry, and an instrumental case study focusing on the issue of body hair practices. The analysis shows that shame and disgust remain entangled with practices around body hair among both men and women. It is gendered in that women's bodies are under more surveillance than men's. The paper concludes that, notwithstanding feminist activism and gender equality rhetoric, policing around body hair practices still exists in contemporary Icelandic society.
Productive but not constructive: The work of shame in the affective governance of fat Pregnancy
Authors: Parker George , Pausé Cat
Published: May 2019

The productivity of shame as an affective-discursive practice implicated in the neoliberal governance of “healthy pregnancy” is examined in the narratives of 27 ethnically diverse, cis-gendered, self-identified fat pregnant people in Aotearoa New Zealand. Shame is identified as a dominant affective-discursive practice produced in response to the problematising medical discourses surrounding the fat pregnant body, leading to the constitution of shamed maternal subjectivities. Seeking reparation in order to restore their maternal identities, participants adopted a range of self-governance strategies. However, fat shaming, while productive in constituting self-governed maternal subjects, was not constructive. We demonstrate how shame induced self-governed action, rather than improving maternal and infant health, instead led to a range of unhealthful behaviours and negatively impacted how participants experienced their pregnancies, emerging maternal selves, and newly born children. We call for attention to affect in feminist governmentality studies of reproduction and fatness.
Silencing racialised shame and normalising respectability in “coloured” men’s discourses of partner violence against women in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: van Niekerk Taryn J.
Published: May 2019

This paper explores how shame is constructed in working-class “coloured” men’s talk about their violence against women partners in Cape Town, South Africa. It examines how men who are violent toward their partners attempt to dissociate from their shamed identities and their perpetration of violence at the intersection of their gender, race and class identities, and how these processes allow men to produce subjectivities as “respectable coloured” men. Ten individual interviews were conducted with men who had perpetrated violence against their partner(s) residing in a predominantly working-class “coloured” community on the peripheries of Cape Town, South Africa. A Foucauldian discourse analysis tracks the complicated processes followed by men in dissociating from shamed subjectivities towards ones that encompass pride. The men talk about the battle for subjectivity in their pursuit for a “respectable”, “good” masculinity, which is commended in specific pro-feminist spaces while being reportedly questioned or denounced by their fellow community members. The article concludes by considering the usefulness of shame in this sample of South African “coloured” men, and its capacity to mobilise men towards a pro-feminist politics.
From objects to acting: Repopulating psychology with people who act
Authors: Raeff Catherine
Published: May 2019

This article builds on Billig’s (2013) claim that psychologists use too many nouns, which leads to inappropriately objectifying human beings and human functioning. Rather than treating human beings as physical objects or things in order to emulate the natural sciences, Billig calls for repopulating psychology with people who act. After summarizing Billig’s analysis, I argue that using nouns reflects prior theoretical assumptions about human functioning that inform psychology’s experimental and quantitative methods. I question varied theoretical assumptions and outline an alternative theoretical framework for conceptualizing what people do by positing action as a unit of analysis for psychology. This action perspective provides a theoretical basis for using verbs to characterize human functioning. Conceptualizing human functioning holistically and in terms of dynamic qualitative processes can transform psychology into a science focused on understanding the complexities of what people do as they act in relation to others in varied cultural contexts.
Evaluation and comparison of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic effects of poly-l-lysine/plasmid DNA micro- and nanoparticles
Authors: Alinejad-Mofrad E , Malaekeh-Nikouei B , Gholami L , Mousavi SH , Sadeghnia HR , Mohajeri M , Darroudi M , Oskuee RK
Published: May 2019

The principal impediment to gene therapy is the development of efficient, nontoxic gene carriers that can handle and deliver foreign genetic materials into various cell types, including healthy and cancerous cells. Poly-l-lysine (PLL) polymers are one of the most favorable gene carriers among nonviral vectors, and PLL had low transfection and safety issues. The purpose of this study was to measure cellular toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptotic effects of PLL nanoparticles. Neuro2A mammalian cells were cultured and exposed to PLL/DNA complexes at different polymer/DNA ratios ( C/ P ratio 2 and 6) for 24 h. To evaluate metabolic activity, genotoxicity, and apoptotic influences of PLL nanoparticle, the following experimental methods were employed, in order: 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), DNA damage (COMET analysis) assay, and sub-G1 peak apoptosis assay. Our data indicate that toxicity is concentration dependent and a high concentration of polymer declined the metabolic activity. In addition, largest complexes ( C/ P 6 in HEPES buffered saline buffer) have slighter negative impact on metabolic activity. In agreement with our cytotoxicity data, apoptotic assay result represented that increase in size of PLL/DNA complexes decrease the number of apoptotic cells. Also, there was a remarkable increase in percent tail DNA of Neuro2A cells treated with higher concentration of PLL and its polyplexes. The present study demonstrated that PLL/DNA complexes caused cytotoxic, apoptotic, and genotoxic effects in a dose-dependent and weight ratio-dependent manner, which also affected the size of polyplexes.
Balancing independence with accountability: A third-metre waltz?
Authors: Petit Christy Ann
Published: May 2019

This article assesses the past and current balance of independence with accountability for the European Central Bank (ECB). The concept of accountability is adapted to the central bank context, notably with the contextualisation of ‘accountable independence’ in the early ECB’s inception. Different endogenous and exogenous determinants might influence such balance. If initially a communication-driven strategy embodied a somehow weak accountability regime, additional accountability practices – beyond the Treaty provisions – progressively readjusted the balance; yet, without guaranteeing to call and fully hold the ECB to account. The magnitude of the responsibilities assumed by the ECB in the recent years, after the economic and financial crisis, triggered an increased demand for accountability. The intensification of ECB’s accountability practices, the provision of justifications beyond mere explanations and an increased scrutiny over the ECB all demonstrate an ongoing step towards an enhanced accountability regime. This is nevertheless a potentially reversible oscillation of the balance towards more accountability. The legal framework for ECB’s accountability seems flexible enough to encompass accountable independence, independence but accountability, to a third-metre waltz of independence and accountability.
Legal accountability of European Central Bank in bank supervision: A case study in conceptualizing the legal effects of Union acts
Authors: Türk Alexander H. , Xanthoulis Napoleon
Published: May 2019

This contribution offers a conceptual framework that allows a clear and transparent assessment of the legal/judicial accountability of acts adopted within the Single Supervisory Mechanism based on an evaluation of their legal effects. It shows that the Union courts are the relevant judicial forum to hold the European Central Bank to account for acts that have primary legal effects; that is, all acts or omissions that, directly or indirectly, are capable of determining rights or imposing obligations. Such acts can be challenged by way of direct actions under Articles 263 and 265 TFEU. Where the change in the legal position of a person is caused by at least two distinct acts, the former providing the basis for the adoption of the latter binding act without having itself primary legal effect, then the Union courts may review the former act only indirectly, such as via Articles 267 and 277 TFEU. The judicial accountability mechanisms within the Single Supervisory Mechanism mirror the allocation of competences between the national authorities and the European Central Bank within the Single Supervisory Mechanism by providing for a separate but integrated system of judicial review.
Telemedicine Video Visits for patients receiving palliative care: A qualitative study
Authors: Tasneem Sumaiya , Kim Arum , Bagheri Ashley , Lebret James
Published: May 2019

In this needs assessment, gathered patient perceptions on how telemedicine video visits might influence their care. Patients in this study (n = 13) were all diagnosed with end-stage cancer and were receiving palliative care at an urban academic medical center. Interview themes addressed: 1. impact on patient's health management, 2. user experience, 3. technical issues and 4. cost and time. Ultimately, despite concerns over truncated physical exams and prescription limits, the majority of patients favored having the opportunity for telemedicine video visits, felt that the doctor-patient relationship would not suffer, had confidence in their or their surrogate's technical abilities to navigate the video visit, had privacy concerns on par with other technologies, had few cost concerns, and believed a video alternative to an in-person visit might increase access, save time as well as increase comfort and safety by avoiding a trip to the office. These results suggest potential for acceptance of video-based telemedicine by an urban population of oncology patients receiving palliative care.
Supporting the Writing Process with Technology for Students with Disabilities
Authors: Evmenova Anya S. , Regan Kelley
Published: May 2019

Many students with learning disabilities (LD) and emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD) struggle with the writing process. Technology has shown to be effective in supporting prewriting, drafting, revising, proofreading, and publishing of written products. This article explains the use of one technology-based graphic organizer with embedded self-regulated learning strategies as well as universal design for learning (UDL) features that can be used to enhance the writing process for students with LD and EBD. Such technology categories as technology-based graphic organizers, word prediction, speech recognition, talking word processors, as well as multimedia and digital storytelling programs are discussed. All these technologies can improve the quantity and/or quality of student writing.
Virtual Reality and Avatars in Health care
Authors: O’Connor Siobhan
Published: May 2019

The editorial summarizes the evolution of virtual reality and its application in a variety of healthcare contexts to improve nursing education, research, and clinical practice. The use of digital avatars in conjunction with virtual reality systems is also discussed, along with the benefits and risks of this emerging technology.
Notes on the Meaning of Work: Labor, Work, and Action in the 21st Century
Authors: Fayard Anne-Laure
Published: May 2019

There is growing evidence that the nature of work is evolving, with the emergence of new forms such as open innovation and crowdsourcing, freelancing and the gig economy and artificial intelligence, and robotics. Debates about the consequences of these changes are flourishing. However, it seems that what work means for different protagonists varies. This essay proposes to explore how philosophers have thought about work to analyze recent empirical phenomena. It combines Hannah Arendt’s distinction between labor, work, and action with Nancy Harding’s distinction between labor and work to investigate activities that might or might not be described as work. It examines two technology-enabled platforms representative of the “gig economy”: on-demand mobile workforce and crowdsourcing for innovation. More broadly, in this time of constant change, tracing conceptual boundaries between different human activities allows us to reveal the social and political implications of new activities described as work.
Can We Talk a Bit More? Appreciative Questions in Response to Paul and the Gift
Authors: Fowl Stephen
Published: May 2019

John Barclay’s Paul and the Gift represents a significant advance in pauline studies. By focusing on the variable ways in which Paul and his contemporaries thought about grace and gift, Barclay is able to point scholars in several promising directions. This review both appreciates these advances and offers some questions for further conversation.
Paul and the God of the Gift
Authors: Hill Wesley
Published: May 2019

John Barclay’s book Paul and the Gift complicates a simple opposition between categories of “history” and “being” when it comes to sketching a Pauline doctrine of God. On the one hand, Barclay sees Paul’s understanding of the divine identity as basically narratival and “actualist”: God defines his character in and through the Christ-event. But by tracing the Pauline and post-Pauline placement of Jesus in a pre-existent eternity and as the agent of creation, Barclay also shows that the patristic and later theological tradition’s deployment of the language of divine essence has real roots in the Pauline tradition as well.
Robert Jenson’s Pneumatological Contribution: An Engagement
Authors: Hoyum John W
Published: May 2019

I argue that Robert Jenson’s pneumatology, as it is developed in his Systematic Theology, secures the personhood of the Holy Spirit by emphasizing the narrative and eschatological dimensions of God’s being. While Jenson successfully eludes the problem of abstraction implicit in many classic pneumatological approaches, I suggest that his reconstructed pneumatology fails to go far enough to personalize the Spirit in narrative concrescence. To push Jenson’s insight to a further, yet more salutary, extent, I enlist the pneumatology of Martin Luther, whose understanding of proclamation in word and sacrament provides an adequately historical, eschatological, narrative frame for a fully personal account of the Holy Spirit.
Perfections, Clarity, and Congruity
Authors: Saarinen Risto
Published: May 2019

The author reviews John Barclay’s book Paul and the Gift, considering it one of the most important theological books in recent years. He asks whether the so-called “perfected” gift always manifests an extreme and proposes that it can sometimes also visualize an optimal mean between the opposites. The author further compares Barclay’s concept of “incongruity” with the medieval view of meritum de congruo, arguing that that the latter can also represent such generosity which is typical of God’s gift.
Sounding Out the Gospel: Robert Jenson’s Theological Project
Authors: John Wright Stephen
Published: May 2019

Robert Jenson was one of America’s most original and influential theologians. This essay provides an overview of his theological development. It argues that rather than labelling Jenson as a “Barthian” or somesuch, it is more useful to be attentive to the ways in which his thought is formed by a range of influences. It argues that his theology continued to have a Lutheran character, and offers an appreciation of the influence of Rudolf Bultmann on Jenson’s theology.
Escaping the Libido Dominandi: Authority and Accountability in Jenson’s Ecclesiology
Authors: Zerra Luke
Published: May 2019

A common criticism of Robert W. Jenson is that his ecclesiology risks being overly hierarchical and potentially authoritarian due to the close connection he draws between the work of the Holy Spirit and the church’s teaching office. This article offers a different reading of Jenson’s ecclesiology. It claims that the Spirit’s work in the church enables a pattern of communal reasoning by which the church can hold its teaching office accountable for specific beliefs and practices. Jenson’s ecclesiology thus has more to say about holding justified power accountable than has previously been recognized.
Divine Roominess: Spatial and Music Analogies in Hans Urs von Balthasar and Robert Jenson
Authors: Lett Jacob
Published: May 2019

Hans Urs von Balthasar and Robert Jenson both spatialize God by depicting the triune life as “roomy”. Theologians have employed spatial analogies readily since the inception of the “trinitarian revival” of the 20th century. In recent days, however, theologians have begun critiquing divine spatial imagery. In particular, the spatialized grammar of Balthasar’s trinitarian theology has attracted criticism. In this article, I review Balthasar’s divine spatial analogies and show how “bodily” readings of them have provoked criticism. I then repair Balthasar by applying Jenson’s musical rendition of “divine roominess” to Balthasar’s spatial analogies, suggesting that musical conceptions of space resolve some of the concerns theologians raise with Balthasar’s trinitarian theology in particular and spatial analogies in general.
SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Agonists: First-Line Therapy for Diabetes With Established Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Sajja Aparna P. , Dey Amit K. , Guha Avirup , Elnabawi Youssef , Joshi Aditya A. , Kalra Ankur
Published: May 2019

There is a growing body of evidence that diabetes represents a significant and largely modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is known to markedly increase the risk of CVD—with CVD accounting for 2 of every 3 deaths in patients with diabetes. It is suggested that once patients with diabetes develop clinical coronary disease, they have a grim prognosis. In 2008, the Food and Drug Association mandated the evidence of CV safety in any new diabetic therapy, leading to a multitude of large CV outcome trials to assess CV risk from these medications. However, several of these outcome trials with novel antidiabetic therapies have demonstrated not only safety but a clear and definite CV advantage in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this review, we discuss 2 relatively newer classes of diabetic drugs, sodium glucose cotransport 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists, evaluate their efficacy in improving CV outcomes, and discuss the future of CV prevention with these agents.