bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bernhard Karlgren
Authors: Malmqvist N. G. D.
Published: February 2025

This book deals with the life and career of Bernhard Karlgren (1889-1978), whose research in a great variety of fields, particularly the historical phonology of the Chinese language, laid the foundations for modern western sinology. The definition of the term 'sinology' has undergone great changes since Bernhard Karlgren entered the stage a century ago. At that time the term covered research related to the language, literature, history, thought, and intellectual aspects of early China. Since the mid-twentieth century the definition has been considerably broadened to include more modern aspects, with special emphasis on sociopolitical and economic topics. In many Chinese language departments in both China and the West, studies of early China have been put at a disadvantage. This book may serve as a reminder that the time may have come to redress the imbalance. The book begins by sketching the intellectual milieu that characterized Karlgren's school years and ends with a mention of his last publication, 'Moot words in some Chuang Tse chapters,' published in 1976. The intervening seventy years were filled with intense scholarly activities-including his disputatio for the PhD in Uppsala in 1915; his subsequent career as professor of East Asian languages at Gothenburg University, 1918-39; and his directorship of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities in Stockholm, 1939-59. For many years he served as vice-chancellor of Gothenburg University and as president of the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History, and Antiquities. He also played a leading role in various endeavors to strengthen the standing of Swedish humanities.
Africa: What It Gave Me, What It Took from Me
Authors: von Eckenbrecher Margarethe
Published: February 2025

Africa: What It Gave Me, What It Took from Me is a memoir of an extraordinary woman who, as a newlywed, travelled with her husband to German South West Africa, a colony situated just above South African on the Atlantic coast. Here they begin a farm in a quite remote area where they raise cattle, sheep, and goats and plant large gardens on the banks of the Omaruru River. They build a comfortable home and welcome their first child. As the von Eckenbrechers work hard to build, their farm natives, whose land has been appropriated by the colonial government, are planning a revolt against colonial rule. Insurrection begins and the von Eckenbrechers are in the midst of it all. As the rebellion strengthens, Frau von Eckenbrecher returns to Germany to wait out the insurrection. Her husband eventually returns as well. Frau von Eckenbrecher never feels completely at home again in Germany. The von Eckenbrechers divorce and Frau von Eckenbrecher returns to South West Africa with her two sons. Her former husband emigrates to Paraguay. Frau von Eckenbrecher eventually takes a position in a German language school in Windhoek, the capital city, and rears her two sons there. In her book she chronicles colonial life, the natives of the colony, how the Spanish Influenza pandemic raged in Namibia, World War I in Africa, German surrender, and the South African occupation of German South West Africa and the eventual ceding of the colony to South Africa. The editors bring the memoir to a close with an update of Frau von Eckenbrecher’s later life and death, and a short remembrance from one of her two grandsons.
The Western Delaware Indian Nation, 1730-1795
Authors: Grimes Richard S.
Published: February 2025

During the early eighteenth century, three phratries or tribes (Turtle, Turkey, and Wolf) of Delaware Indians left their traditional homeland in the Delaware River watershed and moved west to the Allegheny Valley of western Pennsylvania and eventually across the Ohio River into the Muskingum River valley. As newcomers to the colonial American borderlands, these bands of Delawares detached themselves from their past in the east, developed a sense of common cause, and created for themselves a new regional identity in western Pennsylvania. The Western Delaware Indian Nation, 1730-1795: Warriors and Diplomats is a case study of the western Delaware Indian experience, offering critical insight into the dynamics of Native American migrations to new environments and the process of reconstructing social and political systems to adjust to new circumstances. The Ohio backcountry brought to center stage the masculine activities of hunting, trade, war-making, diplomacy and was instrumental in the transformation of Delaware society and with that change, the advance of a western Delaware nation. This nation, however, was forged in a time of insecurity as it faced the turmoil of imperial conflict during the Seven Years' War and the backcountry racial violence brought about by the American Revolution. The stress of factionalism in the council house among Delaware leaders such as Tamaqua, White Eyes, Killbuck, and Captain Pipe constantly undermined the stability of a lasting political western Delaware nation. This narrative of western Delaware nationhood is a story of the fight for independence and regional unity and the futile effort to create and maintain an enduring nation. In the end the western Delaware nation became fragmented and forced as in the past, to journey west in search of a new beginning. The Western Delaware Indian Nation, 1730-1795: Warriors and Diplomats is an account of an Indian people and their dramatic and arduous struggle for autonomy, identity, political union, and a permanent homeland.
Imperial Designs
Authors: Smith Shirley Ann
Published: February 2025

Imperial Designs is the first text in English to deal comprehensively with the subject of the Italian colonial experience in China in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Recent scholarship on both the Liberal and Fascist Italian colonial enterprises centers on the Mediterranean and Northern Africa: expeditions, wars, ultimate occupation of territories, and their effect on Italy. This study looks at three Italian enclaves on the other side of the globe: Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai. These present both a window into the Italian experience in the Far East and confirmation of imperial policy. Their very presence confirms the rhetoric of conquest. Journalist Luigi Barzini, Sr.; diplomats Salvago Raggi, Varè, and Ciano; various military personnel; and other foreign nationals tell the story through letters and diaries. They all interact with the local metropolitan and rural poor and cultivate a generalized colonial white man’s detachment from their surroundings. A brief summary of the presence of chinoiserie in the Italian imaginary shows how the Celestial Empire has continued to function in the construction of Italian identity as part of the dichotomy between self and other.
Global Tangos
Authors: Fitch Melissa A.
Published: February 2025

Global Tangos: Travels in the Transnational Imaginary argues against the hackneyed rose-in-mouth clichés of Argentine tango, demonstrating how the dance may be used as a way to understand transformations around the world that have taken place as a result of two defining features of globalization: transnationalism and the rise of social media. Global Tangos demonstrates the cultural impact of Argentine tango in the world by assembling an unusual array of cultural narratives created in almost thirty countries, all of which show how tango has mixed and mingled in the global imaginary, sometimes in wildly unexpected forms. Topics include Tango Barbie and Ken, advertising for phone sex, the presence of tango in political upheavals in the Middle East and in animated Japanese children’s television programming, gay tango porn, tango orchestras and composers in World War II concentration camps, global tango protests aimed at reclaiming public space, the transformation of Buenos Aires as a result of tango tourism, and the use of tango for palliative care and to treat other ailments. They also include the global development of queer tango theory, activism, and festivals. Global Tangos shows how the rise in social media has heralded a new era of political activism, artistry, solidarity, and engagement in the world, one in which virtual global tango communities have indeed become very “real” social and support networks. The text engages some key concepts from contemporary critics in the fields of tourism studies, geography, dance studies, cultural anthropology, literary studies, transnational studies, television studies, feminism, and queer theory. Global Tangos underscores the interconnectedness of cultural identity, economics, politics, and power in the production, marketing, distribution, and circulation of global images related to tango—and, by extension, Latin America—that travel the world.
Memory, War, and Dictatorship in Recent Spanish Fiction by Women
Authors: Leggott Sarah
Published: February 2025

Memory, War, and Dictatorship in Recent Spanish Fiction by Women analyzes five novels by women writers that present women’s experiences during and after the Spanish Civil War and Franco dictatorship, highlighting the struggles of female protagonists of different ages to confront an unresolved individual and collective past. It discusses the different narrative models and strategies used in these works and the ways in which they engage with their political and historical context, particularly in the light of campaigns for the so-called recovery of historical memory in Spain (the “memory boom”) and in the broader context of memory and trauma studies. The novels that are examined in this book are Dulce Chacón’s La voz dormida (2002), Rosa Regàs’s Luna lunera (1999), Josefina Aldecoa’s La fuerza del destino (1997), Carme Riera’s La mitad del alma (2005), and Almudena Grandes’s El corazón helado (2007). These works all highlight the multiple nature of memories and histories and demonstrate the complex ways in which the past impacts on the present. This book also considers the extent to which the memories represented in these five novels are inflected by gender and informed by the gender politics of twentieth-century and contemporary Spain.
Wreckage
Authors: Feinstein Sascha
Published: February 2025

In this memoir, Sascha Feinstein recounts life with his father, Sam Feinstein, who was both a brilliant

artist and a hoarder of monumental proportions. He collected only uncollectible objects—artifacts that

required him to give them importance—and at the time of his death in 2003, his hoarding had fundamentally

destroyed all three of his large homes. Despite this, Sam Feinstein was a remarkable painter and art teacher. This strange double helix of creativity and destruction guides these collage-like reflections. Like his students’ canvases—paintings inspired by enormous still lifes constructed from the world’s refuse—this book incorporates myriad sources in order to create a more layered experience for the reader. The final result is the depiction of a painter with the highest artistic ideals who nevertheless left behind an incalculable amount of physical and emotional wreckage.
Marguerite, Countess of Blessington
Authors: Matoff Susan
Published: February 2025

This new biography of Lady Blessington, the first in more than eighty years, illuminates the private and public life of this important but neglected salonnière and author. This study enriches our knowledge of the social, political, and literary history of the post-Romantic and early Victorian era. It examines Lady Blessington’s close friendships with politicians and writers, especially Edward Bulwer Lytton and Benjamin Disraeli. Statesmen, diplomats, writers, and artists were her constant visitors, as they found her friendship and conversation invaluable to their professional and social lives.

The circumstances of a life lived in luxury and indulgence changed upon the death of Lady Blessington’s husband, forcing her to support herself and several dependents with her writing. Throughout this biography, Lady Blessington’s voice is evident and should reawaken scholarly and popular interest in her voluminous works. She wrote twenty novels in genres including silver-fork fiction, psychological drama, and verse narrative. She also produced four travel books, many short stories, and numerous poems and edited the popular literary gift annuals Heath’s Book of Beauty and The Keepsake.

This book reveals the humanity of a woman whom contemporary gossip considered scandalous because of her alleged relationship with her stepdaughter’s estranged husband, Count D’Orsay. Lady Blessington’s struggle in the face of many challenges is an inspiring story of individual strength. It is a tale of a woman whose legacy of integrity, determination, and sheer hard work provides us with enlarged insights into an era and society often overlooked by history.
„Das Gesetz kennt keine Mutterrechte“
Authors: Lakisa Katharina
Published: February 2025

The author examines the demands of the first women's rights movement regarding parental authority and guardianship at the time the German Civil Code was created, in particular the significance of motherhood for the legal status of women. The connection between the legal status of the mother, the demands of women's rights activists and the ideas of 19th century male jurisprudence opens up new perspectives on the role of law in the emancipation of women as mothers and the beginnings of feminist legal theory. The historical exegesis of sources also reveals conflicts within the historical school of law on the subject of motherhood and clarifies the intentions of the BGB legislators regarding the role of women in the family.
Staatsbürgerrechte und Bevölkerungsrechte
Authors: Mayer Johanna
Published: February 2025

In recent years, citizenship and membership have increasingly come into the political spotlight in Germany. Dual citizenship, naturalisation laws and the integration of immigrants continue to be particularly controversial topics. What role do nationality and citizenship play in the allocation of rights? A distinction must be made between citizens' rights - i.e. rights to which nationals are entitled - and people's rights - i.e. rights to which the population of the country is entitled. This publication examines the guiding principles behind the attribution of persons to countries from the perspective of general state theory and whether and how alternative attribution concepts can be considered.
Surgical Correction of the Cavovarus Foot Deformity with Utilization of Osteotomy and Arthrodesis Technique
Authors: John Visser Harry , Williams Kyle
Published: February 2025

Cavovarus is a complex deformity characterized by a high arch and overall cavus foot deformity resulting from plantar flexion and adduction of the forefoot, increased calcaneal pitch, and most importantly hindfoot varus. There is a common misconception that all cavovarus foot types are derived from neuromuscular causes manifested in childhood. Due to this misconception the diagnosis of cavovarus foot is often overlooked in adults, particularly if it is a subtle deformity. This chapter will discuss the multiple non-neurologic and neurologic causes behind a cavovarus foot deformity in the adult patient. We will also demonstrate how to recognize and treat those difficult deformities using surgical techniques. Discussion should be centered around tendon and capsular balancing, muscle transfer, osteotomy, and arthrodesis.
The Importance of Plankton in Marine Fish and Shellfish Larval Nutrition
Authors: Ashour Mohamed , Ringø Einar , El-Haron Ehab , Goda Ashraf M.A.
Published: February 2025

Plankton, comprising phytoplankton and zooplankton, are the primary food sources for marine fish and shellfish in their early larval stages, supplying essential nutrients and energy for growth and development. This chapter provides an overview of the vital role of plankton in the nutrition of marine larvae in hatcheries. This chapter explores the nutritional and biochemical composition of plankton, stressing their high quantities of proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids, all of which are very critical for marine larval stages. This chapter addresses the specific dietary requirements of fish and shellfish larvae, highlighting the importance of plankton diets in larval development and survival. This chapter also looks at the challenges and considerations associated with producing and utilizing phytoplankton and zooplankton in marine hatcheries. This chapter emphasizes the importance of plankton as a crucial component of marine larval feeding, hence helping to the success of aquaculture production and wild conservation.
Integrin αvβ3-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in Pancreatic Cancers
Authors: Li Zi-Lin , Shih Ya-Jung , Tsai Chung-Che , Wang Chih-Yang , Wang Wen-Long , Wang Kuan , Whang-Peng Jaqueline , Mo Ju-Ku , Lin Hung-Yun
Published: February 2025

Pancreatic cancer is a significant health concern, primarily due to challenges in early diagnosis and limited treatment options. The increasing incidence of pancreatic cancers and the lack of effective chemotherapy underscore the need for early detection and efficient therapy. The cell surface integrin αvβ3 overexpresses in most cancers and newly growing endothelial cells crucial in cancer growth and metastasis. Novel nanotechnologies have been developed to target integrin αvβ3 and its functions for detective and therapeutic purposes. This chapter details the importance of the cell target, integrin αvβ3, in pancreatic cancer’s development, proliferation, and metastasis. Theranostics, a new therapeutic strategy combined with diagnostics and therapeutics, can help in early cancer detection and monitoring of treatment response. These cutting-edge technologies enable simultaneous diagnosis through imaging and targeted delivery of therapeutics to cancer cells. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes and PLGA, can be used for theranostics to provide a comprehensive approach to potentially revolutionizing the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The potential of nano-drugs, either as standalone treatments or combined with theranostics, will be explored. Combined with currently available anticancer drugs, a target-specific nano-delivery system can provide a personalized treatment approach, where the drug’s dosage and the treatment duration can be adjusted based on the patient’s response. The elucidation of the targeting and anti-vascular therapeutic effects of the nano-delivery system of target-specific medicine will introduce a new strategic therapy for pancreatic cancers.
Composting with Organic Waste from Tree Pruning and Garden Maintenance
Authors: Sotelo Nava Héctor , Nayeli Sotelo Arteaga Diana , Perdomo Roldán Francisco
Published: February 2025

In this chapter, you can find the sustainability actions promoted by Governments, Universities and society in general with the objective of reducing the generation of Urban Solid Waste – organic – and its negative effects on the environment through the production of compost resulting from the pruning trees and garden grass. Based on federal and state regulations, this process includes collection, reception, crushing and construction of piles, going through four stages: mesophilic, thermophilic, cooling and maturation phase, for a period of 7 to 8 months. Finally, this mature product is sifted to obtain an organic fertilizer of two types, fine and coarse, respectively. A case of success in the production of compost in a Composting Center at the Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, using waste from the UAEM and UNAM, is also detailed.
Chronic Pelvic Pain and Pelvic Functional Disorders in Female
Authors: Menconi Claudia
Published: February 2025

The chronic pelvic pain may coexist with pelvic functional disorders (PFD). The skilled perineal specialist (proctologist, colorectal surgeon, urogynecologist or gastroenterologist) should be able to distinguish and interpret these complex situations. A careful objective examination may help to decide when to treat exclusively with medical therapy or when the surgery is indicated. How to explain the problem to the patient is very important, because psychological mood is fundamental to face the diagnostic-therapeutic path in the best possible way. This chapter will describe the most frequent disorders that can coexist with chronic pelvic pain, clarifying that these disorders may often complicate the therapeutic process, even when they are not the cause of the pain itself.
Sentinel Surveillance: Hepatitis E and the Case for Domestic Animal Surveillance
Authors: Grzybowski Andrea , Sorensen William , Phillips Sharon , Azghani Ali
Published: February 2025

Globalization and geoclimatic changes are driving the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Today, nearly two thirds of emerging Infectious diseases are zoonotic in nature (75% originating in wildlife). Despite individuals generally having little contact with wildlife (or livestock), public health continues to rely on reactionary surveillance in humans and livestock to track disease incidence and prevalence. It is only after the pathogen has spilled over from wild animal hosts, established itself among human or livestock populations, and become a cause of morbidity and mortality, that most current public health systems are able to detect or track. This chapter examines the role dogs may play in a sentinel surveillance system to track hepatitis E in humans. It is based on a seroprevalence study in Texas. In this study, a total of 144 dogs were sampled from three different types of care facility. The overall Hepatitis E prevalence was 48%. The type of care facility was significantly associated with infection rates. We explore the utility of different types of surveillance systems, yet circle back to domestic animal sentinel surveillance, and specifically hepatitis E (genotypes 3/4) in domestic dogs, as both an early warning system and baseline monitoring system that allows public health practitioners across the globe to address this pathogen before outbreaks occur.
Practical Implementation of Precision Livestock Farming Concept in Cattle, Pig and Poultry Breeding
Authors: Foluso Ayanleye Stephen
Published: February 2025

Due to inefficiencies in animal husbandry and the stress in manual handling of animals in the farm, this paper evaluated practical implementation of precision livestock farming concept in cattle, pig, and poultry breeding. All the references used in this study were selected from local and international articles that majored in precision livestock farming, and a total of 28 references were used for this study. This report outlines precision livestock farming in the global setting. Based on the findings from this study, the precision livestock technologies being used in cattle farming were ruminant collars and reticulum rumen boluses and that in pig farming were real-time sound analysis, and poultry farming had automatic body weight estimation. The benefits of precision livestock farming were efficient use of resources, reduction of harmful emissions per unit of product, and reduction of drug use through early detection of pathology. In addition, the findings from this study showed that majority of the farmers were skeptical toward adopting precision livestock farming due to the absence of information transfer, support systems, and a reliable service provider for farmers. The opportunities available for farmers toward adoption of precision livestock farming were efficient use of resources in the farmland, increase in the production capacity, and reduction in the mortality rate of animals, hence leading to increased profitability and yield of farmers, ease of sorting animals for treatment or medications, and improved feeding and water intake of animals in the farm.
The Digital Transformation of Literature: Intermediality and Poetic Experience in the Digital Artwork Evolution (2014)
Authors: Schirrmacher Beate
Published: February 2025

In the twenty-first century, literature is no longer confined to printed books or written text but is mediated by digital technology in multisensory ways. These technological and sensory changes call for a fundamentally intermedial perspective on literature. This article presents intermediality as a crucial framework for unpacking the changing interplay between objects, communicative resources, and literary conventions. Specifically, Lars Elleström’s intermedial framework (2021) enables a more fine-grained exploration of the digital condition of literature. Analysing Johannes Heldén and Håkan Jonson’s digital artwork Evolution (2014) using Elleström’s media modalities allows us to trace how technological changes transform our literary experience, compared to a printed poetry collection or AI-generated poems. Beyond interart relationships and approaches to digital literature, an intermedial perspective highlights the potential of literary language use and offers valuable insights to human-machine creativity.
Microalgae and Seaweeds as Feed Additives for Aquatic Animals: Effects on Growth, Immunity, and Disease Resistance
Authors: Ringø Einar , Ashour Mohamed , Ahmed Sherine , Sharawy Zaki , Goda Ashraf , El-Haroun Ehab
Published: February 2025

Algae and derivatives are currently being recognized for their potential characteristics as attributes in aquafeeds. These include their high protein content, optimum balance of essential amino acids and fatty acids, trace minerals, vitamins, and relatively low cost, which make them promising alternatives in the diets of farmed fish and shrimp. The inclusion of algae and their bioactive compounds in fish diets provides natural sources of growth promoters and immunostimulants, which improve growth and immune system response and mitigate disease outbreaks and pathogen infections. However, too much substitution would result in poor development and feed utilization. Therefore, this chapter discusses the forms and types of algae, their use in fish feed, the pros and cons of algae, which aid in achieving aquaculture sustainability and their scope for practical implementation.
Numerical Modeling and Dynamic Analysis of Resonance-Based Linear Piezoelectric Actuators
Authors: He Ying , Yuan Ming
Published: February 2025

This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of resonance-based linear piezoelectric actuators, focusing on their numerical modeling, dynamic behavior, and driving mechanism. The chapter begins by introducing the fundamental principles and classification of these actuators, followed by an in-depth exploration of electromechanical coupling in the stator and the dynamic response of the mover. A key aspect of the analysis is the development of an integrated dynamic model that combines finite element analysis of the stator with analytical methods to model friction contact and mover motion. This model captures the complex interactions at the stator-mover interface, including the frictional forces that play a crucial role in actuator performance. To evaluate the system’s performance, modal analysis, harmonic response analysis, and transient dynamic simulations are conducted. The steady-state behavior of the actuator, including output velocity and load transfer, is studied under varying operating conditions such as excitation voltage, phase difference, and pre-pressure. This comprehensive modeling approach provides valuable insights into the driving mechanism of Resonance-based linear piezoelectric actuators (RLPA), enabling accurate prediction of output performance. The findings contribute to guiding structural optimization, improving actuator efficiency, and informing control strategies for future RLPA applications.
Patient Selection and Treatment Consideration in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Karmane Sumou Ingrid , Peng Xianghong
Published: February 2025

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, ranking as third and second in terms of cancer incidence and mortality, posing a significant economic burden for patients, families, and the society. There are about 2 million new cases and 1 million deaths worldwide in 2020. Intensive efforts have been made in the chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy drugs to palliate symptoms and prolong life, with significant progress, increasing the median overall survival (OS). Standard 1st and 2nd-line pharmacological management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) involves combo or sequential use of fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan, combining with targeted therapy aiming at the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, and monoclonal antibodies inhibiting epithelial growth factor receptors in patients who have Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) wild-type tumors. Only specific subsets of CRC patients with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) (dMMR/MSI-H mCRC) may benefit from current immunotherapies. The treatment options in mCRC beyond 2nd-line setting included regorafenib, trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS102) and fruquintinib. We explore the options in various lines of treatment, optimal sequencing, and how to apply the most appropriate regimen for mCRC patients.
YA Literature as a Tool for Preparing Future Foreign Language Teachers to Address Students’ Health Issues: A Model Linking University and School Environments
Authors: Bąk-Średnicka Anna
Published: February 2025

In a language classroom, the lack of verbal responses from students may stem from their insufficient communicative competence. Assuming that speech is one of the most crucial aspects of human functioning related to health, it becomes apparent that school-aged youth may face language difficulties that are cognitively oriented, as part of cognitive communication disorders. Memory and verbal fluency may be impaired due to conditions such as anxiety, depression, thyroid diseases, diabetes, Lyme disease, or hyperlipidemia, which may also lead to side effects like overweight and obesity. Additionally, bullying can result in withdrawal, lack of verbal responses, or even suicidal attempts. A deep and intuitive understanding of, and recognition of, the patterns underlying students’ emotional states or thoughts should positively influence teachers’ decisions, leading to effective responses and fostering good relationships. In preparing for future foreign language teachers, young adult (YA) literature serves as a valuable tool for developing their cognitive and affective empathy by addressing students’ health issues. This chapter presents a model that utilizes YA literature during language teacher education. By engaging with selected novels, they explore the therapeutic, educational, and didactic potential of these texts in projects with youth and children, thus bridging the university and school environments.
Perspective Chapter: Unveiling Stuxnet – A Deep Dive into Memory Forensics for Investigating the Pinnacle of Cyber Espionage
Authors: Kumaran U. , Abhishek Reddy K. , Hayavadan S.T.P. , Naga Sai Rupesh R.
Published: February 2025

In today’s civilization, computers are used more and more in many different aspects of Life. Attacks by commercial or governmental entities on military data centres, power grids, and confidential information are on the rise. Cybersecurity experts are required to detect, respond to, and report these types of attacks as well as a range of other computer-related incident responses. If actual evidence had not ever been saved to storage media, disc forensics would seem to be pointless. However, memory has a high probability of containing damaging code from an infection, either fully or partially, even in the event that information is never copied to a hard drive or other storage device. Memory forensics can frequently retrieve encryption keys and passwords from documents that have not been encrypted, as well as plain-text data; this information can be used to determine the extent of an assault. Linux memory forensics is a primary focus area of OS memory forensics. Numerous security flaws exist in Linux. The computer worm Stuxnet was firstly aimed towards Iran’s nuclear facilities, but it has subsequently changed and expanded to other industrial and energy-producing establishments. Forensic memory on research should concentrate on Linux systems and machine learning for improved data processing, as both will be highly beneficial.
"Der Prozess" in Augsburg, "Die Maßnahme" in der Kalkgrube
Authors: Hillesheim Jürgen
Published: February 2025

Franz Kafka and Bertolt Brecht were always considered to be notably opposite authors within classical modernism. Research has not yet gone beyond describing more general analogies. Brecht, however, was deeply impressed by Kafka’s work. In two of his works, an “Augsburg Sonnet” and the Measure, Brecht’s most controversial drama of all, concrete references to Kafka’s novel The Trial can be proven. They give the works further complexity, even a new level of interpretation. This means that Brecht’s intensive reception of Kafka is beyond all doubt for the first time.
Zwei Sonette Josef Svatopluk Machars in Übersetzung von Felix Grafe
Authors: Simonek Stefan
Published: February 2025

At the beginning of the 20th century, the almost forgotten German-Bohemian poet Felix Grafe translated two sonnets written by the leading Czech modernist Josef Svatopluk Machar into German and included both translations into his own collections of poetry. In addition to that, the first translation entitled “Juli im Walde” in June 1909 was also published in the well-known journal Die Fackel edited by Karl Kraus. Comparing the key motives in Machar’s sonnets with Grafe’s own poems, this essay analyses the specific way Grafe translated Machar’s poems into German and made them a part of his own poetical work.
Zur phonologischen Adaptation der deutschen Entlehnungen in der südmährischen Varietät. Einige Bemerkungen zum deutsch-tschechischen Sprachkontakt
Authors: Zeman Dalibor
Published: February 2025

The article concerns lexical borrowings from German into Czech. It is a continuation of our previous paper which deals with German-Czech language contact in Central Europe.2 Due to the longstanding coexistence of both the Czech and German/Austrian ethnics, lots of German/Austrian loan-words became naturalized in Czech. A significant language contact area in Central Europe is the contact area based on the former centre of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. From this contact area, a remarkable territory emerged in Vienna that was particularly affected by the influence of Czech on German. Although there always existed a high degree of inter-national mixing at various stages in history, there was never done any real harm to the essence of either of the two languages. A fascinating aspect is the parallel changes in pronunciation in both languages, for example, in vowel sounds and diphthongs. Today it is generally accepted that, to make these sound changes, both languages had to develop similar internal expectations and that these developed in parallel. The objective is to offer a brief description of phonological and morphological adaptation of German loan words in the south Moravian variety. The author concludes that the phonological and morphological structures of German loan words in the south Moravian variety are more differentiated than those of German.
Iconic Action—Redefining Ritual as Language in the Body
Authors: Miyanaga Kuniko ,   Polish Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2025

This article redefines as iconic action what has been conventionally described as ritual. Beginning with the primary definition of “ritual as repetition,” the article describes iconic action as social construct built in the combination of iconic significations and cosmology, and shows that this structure is similar to that of the word and syntax in language. Repeating the iconic action in this structure, values and meanings in cosmology become assimilated into the practitioner. The icon as a signifier consistently evokes a specific emotion in the practitioner. In repetition, the consistent evocation of specific emotions stabilizes the pair relation between the icon-signifier and the emotion-referent, making their relation into a structure. In this structure, meaning and the values which icons carry become adopted into the platform of emotions by the practitioner. Cosmology is a condensed vision of the universe, in which icons stand out like keywords, representing in their images its major values and meanings. The performances become the embodiment of the cosmology and the expressions of these values and the meanings through action in the specific emotions. In repetition, the vision of the universe becomes held in the emotions and expressed through the actions of the body, the iconic action. A vision of the universe is lived in experience, “spoken” and expressed in, and by, the “language” of the iconic action of the individual performer. This structure becomes self-perpetuating, when the iconic action achieves spontaneity through repetition.
Pediatrics Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Profile in Riau in 2020 and 2021
Authors: Deddy Satriya Putra
Published: February 2025

Background: Children's limited communication skills when expressing complaints often limit healthcare practitioners in making diagnoses and treatment decisions, particularly regarding gastrointestinal issues.  Endoscopy is a valuable tool for determining the appropriate course of action in these cases. This study aims to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures in Riau between 2020 and 2021.
Methods: This retrospective study used secondary data from endoscopy registries and patient medical records at two tertiary hospitals in Riau between Januari 2020 to December 2021.
Results: A total of 114 patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 2020 to 2021. It was found that the adolescent age group (42%) was the most frequently encountered group. The female sex (65%) was more prevalent than male. Meanwhile, the most common problem encountered was abdominal pain (57%). Gastroscopy alone was the most frequently performed procedure in this study (65%), with the most common endoscopic finding being hyperemic gastritis (54%).
Conclusion: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in pediatric patients is a safe and very helpful procedure in diagnostics and therapeutics.
Conceptualisation Paradigms for Childhood Autism and ADHD Co-occurrence: A Brief Review and Clinical Implications
Authors: Ogundele Michael
Published: February 2025

Objectives: ‘Neurodevelopmental disorders’ (NDD) and their related emotional, behavioural, and intellectual disorders (NDEBIDs) include ASD, ADHD and tic disorders. Co-occurrence of NDEBID with each other and with other mental health disorders is the norm. We aimed to review recent research up to March 2024, reporting on the comorbidity of discrete NDEBIDs in general and focus more specifically on the co-occurrence of ADHD and ASD.
Methods: This is a narrative review of recent research up to March 2024, reporting on the comorbidity of discrete NDEBIDs in general and focus more specifically on the co-occurrence of ADHD and ASD.
Results: Four alternative hypotheses are reviewed to conceptualise how co-occurring NDDs are described. These are concepts of Neuroconstructivism, ‘Neurodevelopmental Disability’, ‘Overarching Spectrum of ASD-ADHD disorder’ and ‘Severe ASD Spectrum’.Neuroconstructivism argues that the brain gradually acquires specialised functions over its developmental period. The term ‘Neurodevelopmental Disability’ has been proposed as an alternative generic term for all NDEBIDs instead of separate discrete diagnoses. An ‘overarching Spectrum of ASD-ADHD disorder’ has been proposed for children and young people (CYP) presenting with range of symptoms across both diagnostic categories. Other researchers have conceptualised the idea of co-occurring ASD and ADHD as a form of ‘severe Autism’ with a unique attentional trait and associated functional impairments, rather than two separate diagnoses.
Conclusion: The clinical and therapeutic implications for the ADHD-ASD co-occurrence are discussed. A unified description of NDEBID would buttress their common aetiologies. This would also encourage practitioners not to restrict individuals into constrained diagnostic boxes but to consider the full range of their difficulties, even if they do not meet the seemingly arbitrary threshold levels for diagnosis of the individual conditions.Further research is needed to help analyse important peculiar neuropsychological features among individuals with the co-occurring ASD/ADHD features.
Changes in the Viscoelastic Properties of Accessory Respiratory and Peripheral Muscles in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Maden Çağtay , Doğru Sibel
Published: February 2025

Objective: Muscle viscoelastic properties remain incompletely investigated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to compare the viscoelastic properties of the accessory respiratory muscles and peripheral muscles between COPD patients and healthy individuals.
Method: Sixty males were included in the study: patients with stable COPD and healthy adults (n=30 each). Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry. Muscle viscoelastic properties, including tone (Hz), stiffness (N/m) and elasticity (E, inverse of logarithmic decrement), were quantified using MyotonPRO®.
Result: Compared to the healthy group, the tone values of sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCM), left deltoid muscle (D), and left biceps brachii (BB) muscles were higher in the COPD group (bilateral SCMs; p < 0.001, left D; p = 0.014, left BB; p = 0.006). The stiffness values of SCMs (p < 0.001), as well as the left D (p = 0.008), and left BB muscles (p = 0.044) were also higher in the COPD group. The logarithmic decrements for the SCM, upper trapezius (UT), pectoralis major (PM), and D muscles bilaterally were higher in the COPD group (p = 0.031/p = 0.009; p < 0.01/p < 0.01; p = 0.006/p = 0.018; p = 0.005/p = 0.014, respectively, right/left side).
Conclusion: Reduced elasticity of the respiratory muscles, particularly the SCM muscle, along with increased tone and stiffness, reflects a change in muscle viscoelastic properties in patients with COPD. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of COPD on the viscoelastic properties of lower extremity muscles.
Analysis of the Implementation of Islamic Finance on Economic Welfare among Muslim Communities
Authors: Pasha Elsa Islammia , Ahmad Zaki
Published: February 2025

The implementation of Islamic finance has become one of the main instruments in improving economic welfare among Muslim communities. However, challenges such as low Islamic financial literacy and limited access to financial services still hinder the optimization of this system. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of Islamic finance implementation on the economic welfare of Muslim communities and to identify the mediating role of Islamic financial literacy in enhancing this effect. The study employed a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 200 respondents from various age and income groups in a specific region. Data were analyzed using linear regression to determine the relationship between the use of Islamic financial products, Islamic financial literacy, and economic welfare. The results showed that the use of Islamic financial products, such as Sharia-based savings, financing, and investment, has a significant positive impact on economic welfare. Islamic financial literacy acts as a mediator that strengthens this effect. This study highlights the importance of education and expanding access to Islamic finance to improve people's lives. The conclusion of this study recommends strengthening inclusive and community-based Islamic financial policies to achieve sustainable economic welfare.
Hepatotoxicity And Lipid Profile Assessment Of Gardenia Jasminoides In Rats
Authors: Ogba Raphael
Published: February 2025

This study examined hepatotoxicity and lipid profile in the liver of rats treated with Gardenia jasminoides leaf extract. Ten healthy adult male albino rats were divided into two experimental groups: Group A (control given distilled water and commercial feed) and Group B given a certain concentration of Gardenia jasminoides leaf extract and commercial feed. The rats were euthanised on day 30, and blood samples were collected for further serum analysis. Livers were evacuated and weighed, and serum samples were sent to the Nigerian University Teaching Hospital for Lipid Profile Analysis. The results showed no significant decrease in organ/body weight ratio in the treated rats. Liver enzyme test results showed an increase in ACP, AST, and ALP activities, while a slight decrease was noted for ALT activity. Lipid profile analysis showed no significant decrease in HDL, but there was a significant decrease in LDL and TC. However, there was a significant increase in TG. Liver Enzyme Test and Lipid Profile Analysis in control and treated rats revealed that Gardenia jasminoides extract had positive effects on selected liver enzymes and lipid profile of treated rats. In conclusion, Gardenia jasminoides extract is neither toxic nor hepatotoxic to the liver, but rather a hepatoprotective agent.
Investigation Of The Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Cissus Pupulnea Stem On Some Selected Reproductive Hormones And Haematology Of Treated Rats
Authors: Shaibu Momoh
Published: February 2025

The study investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Cissus populnea stem on selected reproductive hormones and haematology of treated rats. Ten albino rats, averaging 190 g in weight, were divided into two groups of five. Group A (control) received 50mg/g body weight of commercial feed and distilled water, while Group B received 50mg/g body weight of the extract, commercial feed, and water daily using a plastic syringe. After 30 days of treatment, the rats were sacrificed using a mixture of acetone and chloroform. Blood and testes were collected to observe the extract's effects on hormones and haematology. The testes/body weight ratio showed no significant differences (P > 0.05). However, hormone profile results indicated significant (p < 0.05) increases in luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone, and a significant (P > 0.05) decrease in prolactin in the treated rats. Haematological analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) increases in red blood cell count, lymphocyte percentage, white blood cell count, packed cell volume, and platelet count, but significant (P > 0.05) decreases in mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and neutrophil percentage. The study concluded that Cissus populnea extract positively affects reproductive hormones and haematology, boosting the sexual reproductive hormones in the treated rats.
Prospection and antibacterial screening of metabolic extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Tibouchina granulosa (Desr.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae)
Authors: Fruet Thomas Kehrwald , Polonio Julio Cesar , Golias Halison Correia , Ramos Anderson Valdiney Gomes , Malaco Nathália da Silva , Baldoqui Debora Cristina , Pamphile João Alencar , Vicentini Veronica Elisa Pimenta
Published: February 2025

The multidrug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms against widely used antimicrobials has grown in recent years. Among the different sources of bioactive compounds, endophytic fungi stand out for their ability to produce important classes of bioactive substances. The present study investigated the chromatographic profiles and antimicrobial activity against 10 pathogenic strains (four included in critical priority by WHO) of the extracts of 12 endophytic fungi isolated from Tibouchina granulosa (Melastomataceae). The activity of the metabolites was evaluated using broth microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Screening of partial chemical profiles was obtained using HPLC-DAD. Extracts of all fungi inhibited the proliferation of 4–10 pathogenic bacterial strains tested. At concentrations between 500 and 1,000 µg mL-1, Xylaria berteroi extract inhibited the growth of all strains tested, while Diaporthe oxe inhibited eight strains. Chemical analysis demonstrated diverse chromatographic profiles with the possibility of different classes of specialized metabolites, including polyketides, alkaloids, furanones, and terpenoids. Overall, endophytic fungi isolated from Tibouchina granulosa were found to synthesize different natural bioactive compounds, highlighting their potential for use in chemical prospecting and characterization.