bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gas lift optimization in the oil and gas production process: a review of production challenges and optimization strategies
Authors: Okorocha Ikenna Tobechukwu , Chinwuko Chuka Emmanuel , Mgbemena Chika Edith , Mgbemena Chinedum Ogonna
Published: August 2020

Gas Lift operation involves the injection of compressed gas into a low producing or non-performing well to maximize oil production. The oil produced from a gas lift well is a function of the gas injection rate. The optimal gas injection rate is achieved by optimization. However, the gas lift, which is an artificial lift process, has some drawbacks such as the deterioration of the oil well, incorrect production metering, instability of the gas compressor, and over injection of gas. This paper discusses the various optimization techniques for the gas lift in the Oil and Gas production process. A systematic literature search was conducted on four databases, namely Google Scholar, Scopus, IEE Explore and DOAJ, to identify papers that focused on Gas lift optimizations. The materials for this review were collected primarily via database searches. The major challenges associated with gas lift were identified, and the different optimization strategies available in the literature reviewed. The strategies reviewed were found to be based on artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The implementation of any of the optimization strategies for the gas lift will enhance profitability, reduce operational cost, and extend the life of the wells.
The use of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide in the diagnostic pathway of acute heart failure in a district general hospital
Authors: Chester Tim , Passmore Joanne
Published: August 2020

The use of brain natriuretic peptide biomarkers is often cited in guidelines for heart failure as part of diagnostic pathways for patients with suspected heart failure. The biomarker result helps clinicians to decide whether a patient goes on for transthoracic echocardiography. This article reviews the use and usefulness of these biomarkers in a district general hospital and its impact on patients admitted with suspected heart failure. For those considering its use, this paper may offer some insights into how to implement such tests for acute inpatients.
Opportunity knocks: cardiac rehabilitation in Northern Ireland after COVID-19
Authors: Caughers Gemma , Mooney Maria , Donnelly Patrick , Bradley Judy , Fitzsimons Donna
Published: August 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an opportunity for reform and rejuvenation to cardiac rehabilitation services, which have problems with recruitment and retention of patients.
Outcomes of cardiovascular disease in the homeless population
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: August 2020

In this monthly feature, Sarah Jane Palmer delves into topical news, the latest research and what the experts are saying on subjects related to cardiology and cardiac nursing practice.
Finding peace in my trauma
Authors: Phillips Hannah
Published: August 2020

In this month's Patient Story, Hannah Phillips writes about her healing journey and how she came to move beyond traditional medicine.
Regional anaesthesia and perioperative medicine
Authors: Pack Emma , Saha Sanjoy
Published: August 2020

The practice of regional anaesthesia has advanced rapidly, with well-defined benefits such as reducing pain, reduced opioid consumption, and improved quality of early recovery. Challenges include extending the benefit beyond the immediate postoperative period, improving access for patients and defining the long-term effects.
Virtual reality training compared with apprenticeship training in laparoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis
Authors: Portelli M , Bianco SF , Bezzina T , Abela JE
Published: August 2020

Introduction

Since its inception, laparoscopic surgery has evolved and new techniques have been developed due to technological advances. This requires a different and more complex skill set in comparison with open surgery. Reduced working hours, less training time and patient safety factors demand that such skills need to be achieved outside the operating theatre environment. Several studies have been published and have determined the effectiveness of virtual reality training. We aimed to compare virtual reality training with the traditional apprenticeship method of training and determine whether it can supplement or replace the traditional apprenticeship model. We also aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the literature and develop conclusions with respect to the benefits achieved by adding virtual reality training on a regular basis to surgical training programmes.

Methods

A literature search was carried out on PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar academic search engines using the MESH terms ‘randomised controlled trials’, ‘virtual reality’, ‘laparoscopy’, ‘surgical education’ and ‘surgical training’. All randomised controlled trials published to January 2018 comparing virtual reality training to apprenticeship training were included. Data were collected on improved dexterity, operative performance and operating times. Each outcome was calculated with 95% confidence intervals and with intention-to-treat analysis; 24 randomised controlled trials were analysed.

Findings

Meta-analytical data were extracted for time, path length, instrument handling, tissue handling, error scores and objective structure assessment of technical skills scoring. There was significant improvement in individual trainee skill in all meta-analyses (p < 0.0002).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis shows that virtual reality not only improves efficiency in the trainee’s surgical practice but also improves quality with reduced error rates and improved tissue handling.
Structure, Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies of new AII(SbV0.50CrIII0.50)(PO4)2 (A = Ba, Sr, Pb) yavapaiite phases
Authors: Bellefqih Hajar , Fakhreddine Rachid , Tigha Rachid , Aatiq Abderrahim
Published: August 2020

Three new AII(Sb0.5Cr0.5)(PO4)2 (AII = Ba, Sr, Pb) yavapaiite phases, abbreviated as [ASbCr], have been successfully synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction in air atmosphere. Their crystal structures have been investigated by Rietveld analysis from the X-ray powder diffraction method. Results show that Ba(Sb0.5Cr0.5)(PO4)2 crystallizes in monoclinic C2/m space group (Z = 2) with cell parameters a = 8.140(1) Å; b = 5.175(1) Å; c = 7.802(1) Å and β = 94.387(1)°. Structures of AII(Sb0.5Cr0.5)(PO4)2 (AII = Sr, Pb) compounds are comparable, and both crystallize in a distorted yavapaiite structure with C2/c space group (Z = 4). Obtained monoclinic cell parameters are: a = 16.5038(2) Å; b = 5.1632(1) Å; c = 8.0410(1) Å; β = 115.85(1) for [SrSbCr] and a = 16.684(2) Å; b = 5.156(1) Å c = 8.115(1) Å; β = 115.35(1)° for [PbSbCr]. Infrared and Raman spectroscopic study was undertaken to provide information about vibrations bonds within the studied yavapaiite materials.
Low-voltage, broadband graphene-coated Bragg mirror electro-optic modulator at telecom wavelengths
Authors: Wood Thomas , Lhuillier Jérémy , Kemiche Malik , Demongodin Pierre , Vilquin Bertrand , Romeo Pedro Rojo , Belarouci Ali , Berguiga Lotfi , Callard Ségolène , Letartre Xavier , Monat Christelle
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate a graphene based electro-optic free-space modulator yielding a reflectance contrast of 20% over a strikingly large 250nm wavelength range, centered in the near-infrared telecom band. Our device is based on the original association of a planar Bragg reflector, topped with an electrically contacted double-layer graphene capacitor structure employing a high work-function oxide shown to confer a static doping to the graphene in the absence of an external bias, thereby reducing the switching voltage range to +/-1V. The device design, fabrication and opto-electric characterization is presented, and its behavior modeled using a coupled optical-electronic framework.
Practical sensorless aberration estimation for 3D microscopy with deep learning
Authors: Saha Debayan , Schmidt Uwe , Zhang Qinrong , Barbotin Aurelien , Hu Qi , Ji Na , Booth Martin J. , Weigert Martin , Myers Eugene W.
Published: August 2020

Estimation of optical aberrations from volumetric intensity images is a key step in sensorless adaptive optics for 3D microscopy. Recent approaches based on deep learning promise accurate results at fast processing speeds. However, collecting ground truth microscopy data for training the network is typically very difficult or even impossible thereby limiting this approach in practice. Here, we demonstrate that neural networks trained only on simulated data yield accurate predictions for real experimental images. We validate our approach on simulated and experimental datasets acquired with two different microscopy modalities and also compare the results to non-learned methods. Additionally, we study the predictability of individual aberrations with respect to their data requirements and find that the symmetry of the wavefront plays a crucial role. Finally, we make our implementation freely available as open source software in Python.
Fiducial-aided calibration of a displacement laser probing system for in-situ measurement of optical freeform surfaces on an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine
Authors: Wang Shixiang , Cheung Chi Fai , Kong Lingbao , Ren Mingjun
Published: August 2020

Surface metrology is an essential operation to determine whether the quality of manufactured surfaces meets the design requirements. In order to improve the surface accuracy and machining efficiency in the manufacturing of optical freeform surfaces, in-situ surface measurement without re-positioning the workpiece is considered as a promising technique in advanced manufacturing. In this study, a displacement laser scanner is integrated into an ultra-precision fly-cutting machine in order to perform as a coordinate measuring machine. However, some inevitable errors such as motion errors of the machine tool, thermal drift, vibrations, and errors of the laser sensor are introduced due to the manufacturing environment. To improve the performance of the measurement system, calibration of the main error sources is investigated with consideration of the characteristics of the built laser scanner system. Hence, the relationship between the moving speed of the laser scanner and the vibration of the tested signals is studied. Following that, the errors of the z-axis scale could be corrected by measuring a four-step heights artefact. Furthermore, volumetric positioning errors are identified by the proposed modified chi-square method and Gaussian processing prediction method. Simulation and measurement experiments are conducted, and the results indicate that the calibrated measuring system can measure ultra-precision freeform surfaces with micrometre form accuracy.
Complex modes in an open lossless periodic waveguide
Authors: Abdrabou Amgad , Lu Ya Yan
Published: August 2020

Guided modes of an open periodic waveguide, with a periodicity in the main propagation direction, are Bloch modes confined around the waveguide core with no radiation loss in the transverse directions. Some guided modes can have a complex propagation constant, i.e., a complex Bloch wavenumber, even when the periodic waveguide is lossless (no absorption loss). These so-called complex modes are physical solutions that can be excited by incident waves whenever the waveguide has discontinuities or defects. We show that the complex modes in an open dielectric periodic waveguide form bands, and the endpoints of the bands can be classified to a small number of cases, including extrema on dispersion curves of the regular guided modes, bound states in the continuum, degenerate complex modes, and special diffraction solutions with blazing properties. Our study provides an improved theoretical understanding of periodic waveguides and a useful guidance to their practical applications.
Variation Over Time and Factors Associated With Detection Rates of Sessile Serrated Lesion Across the United States: Results Form a National Sample Using the GIQuIC Registry
Authors: Shaukat Aasma , Holub Jennifer , Greenwald David , Eisen Glenn , Schmitt Colleen
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are important precursor lesions for the CpG island–methylated pathway to colorectal cancer. The reported detection rates of SSL are highly variable, and national or population-based estimates are not available. Patient-, provider-, and procedure-level factors associated with the detection rates of SSL have not been well described. The aim of our study was to study the detection rates of SSL, variability of rates over time, and factors associated with detection rates of SSL in a national sample of patients undergoing colonoscopy using the GIQuIC registry.

METHODS:

We used colonoscopies submitted to the GIQuIC registry from 2014 to 2017 on adults, aged 18–89 years. Only the first colonoscopy record per patient was included. Indications for colonoscopy were categorized as screening, diagnostic, and surveillance. We used the hierarchical logistic models to study the factors associated with the detection rates of SSL. The Cochrane-Armitage test was used to study the significance of trend over time.

RESULTS:

There were a total of 5,173,211 colonoscopies performed by 3,934 endoscopists during the study period. Among the 2,101,082 screening colonoscopies over the study period in adults older than or equal to 50 years that were complete to the cecum, the average detection rate per endoscopist for SSL was 6.43% (SD 5.18) and 6.25% standardized for the 2010 US population. There was a significant increase in the detection rates of SSLs from screening colonoscopies over the study period from 4.99% in 2014 to 7.09% in 2017 (P trend <0.001). Clinically significant factors associated with higher detection rates of SSL were longer withdrawal times (>11 minutes vs ≤6 minutes) (odds ratio [OR] 9.61; 9.03–10.24), adequate preparation (OR 1.25; 1.22–1.28), female sex (OR 1.17; 1.16–1.18), and use of a specialized gastrointestinal pathology group (OR 1.12; 95% confidence interval 1.04, 1.19).

DISCUSSION:

Population-based estimates of the detection rates of SSL are 6% and have increased over time.
Gastric Necrosis because of Ingestion of Calcium Chloride
Authors: Nakagawa Yoichi , Maeda Atsuyuki , Takahashi Takamasa , Kaneoka Yuji
Published: August 2020

Calcium chloride is a relatively harmless chemical that is frequently used as a dehumidifying agent. However, there have been rare reports that the accidental ingestion of this substance can cause gastric necrosis. We describe such a case of gastric necrosis in a 66-year-old woman who had accidentally ingested calcium chloride. Our findings indicate that the gastric necrosis in this patient was probably attributable to heat generated by the calcium chloride solution in the stomach. When ingested in large amounts, calcium chloride thus has the potential to cause gastric necrosis.
REVISANDO LOS TRABAJOS PRÁCTICOS EXPERIMENTALES EN LA ENSEÑANZA UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Lorenzo María Gabriela
Published: August 2020

La enseñanza de las ciencias experimentales ha estado ligada al desarrollo del trabajo experimental desde siempre. Sin embargo, la planificación y el diseño de las actividades prácticas no han recibido la misma atención que otros aspectos, como las teorías o la evaluación, al pensar en los diseños curriculares de las asignaturas. Consecuentemente, en este artículo se revisan algunas características generales de los trabajos prácticos de los laboratorios de ciencias experimentales, a la vez que se proponen algunos criterios para su revisión y análisis. Se presentan los trabajos prácticos abiertos como alternativa a las actividades experimentales más tradicionales.
ENUNCIADOS COLOQUIALES O SIMBÓLICOS EN LA RESOLUCIÓN DE PROBLEMAS DE ESTADÍSTICA APLICADOS A SALUD
Authors: Walz María Florencia , Contini Liliana Ester , Ávila Olga Beatriz
Published: August 2020

El lenguaje simbólico implica relacionar realidades y conceptos con un símbolo. Comprenderlo en el contexto de una ciencia implica realizar relaciones dialécticas entre el lenguaje de signos, las situaciones problemas y el concepto científico que subyace detrás de cada símbolo. En la asignatura Estadística de carreras orientadas a la salud, el empleo de signos, en general, tiene como objeto mostrar una intención para llevar a cabo una acción y no el de representar un objeto estadístico per sé.

El objetivo es evaluar si la resolución correcta de un ejercicio de distribución de probabilidad binomial, se da en igual medida según las consignas estén enunciadas en forma simbólica o de manera coloquial.

Con tal fin, en los exámenes finales y parciales de Estadística de la Licenciatura en Nutrición de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, se incorporó un problema de distribución binomial contextualizado con consignas expresadas simbólicamente y coloquialmente.

Se observó que no se da en igual medida la resolución correcta del ejercicio; resultando mejor cuando se va desde lo simbólico a lo textual/coloquial que a la inversa; evidenciándose también que el lenguaje simbólico facilita una resolución mecanicista que puede prescindir de la comprensión significativa del tema.
LICENCIATURA EN ADMINISTRACIÓN DE LA SALUD: UN ESTUDIO DE SUS GRADUADOS EN EL PERÍODO 2010-2018.
Authors: Bonomo Emanuel , Paulini Rosario , Dezar Gimena
Published: August 2020

En el año 1992 se crea la carrera de grado de Licenciatura en Administración de Salud de la Escuela Superior de Sanidad (ESS) “Dr. Ramón Carrillo” dependiente de la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas (FBCB) de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL).

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir el perfil, lugar de procedencia y la duración de los estudios de los graduados de la Licenciatura en Administración de Salud de la ESS, y la valoración de los mismos sobre su formación de grado recibida. Se realizó una investigación cuanti–cualitativa, de corte transversal y descriptiva. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 68 profesionales graduados de la carrera Licenciatura en Administración de la Salud de la ESS, FBCB-UNL, en el período 2010-2018. Se realizó un cuestionario a través de formularios de Google Drive, con modalidad para contestar on-line e individual. Entre los principales resultados del estudio, respecto al perfil de los graduados, se destaca que existe un predominio del género femenino (82,3%), y provienen del interior de la provincia de Santa Fe. En cuanto a la valoración sobre la formación de grado recibida, la misma fue positiva en su gran mayoría (87,1%). Además, un importante porcentaje de los graduados continuó formándose luego de finalizar sus estudios de grado (67,7%) y se sienten orgullosos de ser graduados de esta casa de estudios.

Se considera de suma importancia continuar con líneas de investigación sobre estudios de seguimiento de egresados para poder contar con datos relevantes y actualizados acerca de la realidad formativa y ocupacional de los mismos.
PROMOVIENDO LA INCLUSIÓN EDUCATIVA A TRAVÉS DE LA EDUCACIÓN ALIMENTARIA NUTRICIONAL
Authors: Paravano María Antonella , Dezar Gimena Valeria , Ortigoza Liliana
Published: August 2020

La Educación Alimentaria Nutricional (EAN) y su influencia en la salud aportan contenidos y competencias a trabajar en la escuela, con el objetivo de mejorar la conducta alimentaria y elevar la calidad de vida. Cuando se combina la EAN y la alimentación escolar, puede mejorar directamente la salud y la nutrición de los estudiantes, al tiempo que les ayuda a desarrollar buenos hábitos alimenticios.

Lo mencionado anteriormente puede aplicarse en todas las fases de la vida, teniendo especial importancia en la niñez, adolescencia y en jóvenes-adultos. Promover conductas alimentarias favorables para la salud y un estilo de vida saludable es primordial para conseguir una mejor calidad de vida.

El presente trabajo relata la experiencia realizada en una Escuela de Enseñanza Media para Adultos de la ciudad de Santa Fe, con 100 alumnos que participaron voluntariamente y se encontraban cursando el tercer y quinto año, durante el año 2016. Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal, descriptivo e interpretativo. Se diseñaron e implementaron talleres lúdico-didácticos, durante tres semanas consecutivas. Posteriormente, se aplicó una encuesta de opinión a los participantes de los talleres con el fin de valorar los mismos.

Los alumnos participaron de manera activa en cada uno de los encuentros, hubo gran de interés y motivación. Mediante el uso de estrategias lúdico-didácticas e innovadoras, fue posible fomentar hábitos saludables, impactando positivamente en el grado de conocimiento sobre un estilo de vida saludable de esta población.
Electronic Human Resource Development (e HRD) Software for Workforce Training Management
Authors: E Athithya , AC Kavitha , S Dr. Muralidhar
Published: August 2020

Every organisation irrespective of its size primarily cares about its most valuable and indispensable asset the Human Resource (HR). At present, In many organisations the processes of Human Resource Development (HRD) have undergone a great transformation from a conventional mode (Human intensive manual system) to a computerised one. The objective of this paper is to discuss about design, implementation and analyzing about the impact of computerised HR process in Workforce Training Management using web based self service portal for the entire training process. Experimental analysis revealed that the automated system improves transparency, traceability, ease of access, flexibility and also enhances the overall system efficiency.
Investigating Awareness and usage of Electronic Resources by Research Scientists in Ghana
Authors: Donkor Acheampong Lawrencia , Mingle Naa Aku , Osei-Kofi Paul Smart , Bekoe Stephen Kofi
Published: August 2020

The study investigated the use of electronic resources/information by research scientists in Ghana. Specifically, to investigate the awareness and level of use of electronic resources; perceived reliance, benefits and impact of use of electronic resources on the research activities. The research design for the study was a survey. Questionnaire schedule was used to collect data from 103 scientists from selected institutes at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Ghana. The result revealed that majority of the scientists (92 %) used electronic resources. The most used type of resources were Electronic databases, electronic research reports and electronic journals. The purpose of use was mostly for research work (71 %). However only 34 per cent had had training in information literacy skills. Some of the impediments to accessing the electronic resources were poor ICT infrastructure (38 %) and lack of skills in accessing the resources (35 %). Generally, the use of electronic resources have improved research activities of research scientists It is recommended that continuous training (formal and informal) should be organised for research scientists to keep them abreast with new electronic applications and tools that will promote their level of competence and improvement in their research outputs. In Addition, ICT infrastructure should be improved in the various institutes for easy access to the electronic resources
Portraying Screen Reading Behavior of College Students of University of Delhi
Authors: Khatri Deepti
Published: August 2020

The present paper explored various screen reading activities of undergraduate students of twelve colleges of University of Delhi. It included browsing/scanning, keyword spotting, concentrated reading, one time reading, reading selectively and non-linear reading. It also investigated several ways of handling the electronic documents along with frequently used reading devices and preferred location for reading the documents. The study administered structured print questionnaires and received 506 completed questionnaires from undergraduate students of different disciplines i.e. sciences, social sciences and humanities. Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Coefficient test was applied using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science, Version-25) along with the Weighted Mean. Results revealed that Screen reading activities such as browsing/scanning (54.0 %), reading selectively (51.0 %), concentrated reading (36.2 %), one time reading (33.0 %), keyword spotting (28.3 %) and non-linear reading (23.5 %) were increasing among undergraduate students of all the three disciplines. The preferences of undergraduate students for reading devices and locations reveals that majority of 51.0 per cent students used smartphones followed by laptops (29.5 %), personal computers (7.4 %) and the minimum number of only 5.5 per cent of students were using tablets. Maximum number of 38.3 per cent students preferred reading at their homes followed by library (17.8 %) and while travelling (17.2 %). The lowest number of (6.8 %) students read books in their hostels. Overall, it revealed that in present scenario, students’ concentration level has found increased reading the content on screen. Whereas, the situation was other way round with the earlier generations. Few factors such as convenience, flexibility, portability and ownership in using smart devices make them connected online with the peer groups and read content on screen at their own pace.
Frontline Publishers of Punjabi Language Books
Authors: Chander Harish , Singh KP
Published: August 2020

Publishing industry plays a vital role to spread knowledge. In modern days many local publishers are making knowledge available to the society through their native languages. Punjabi is one of the most popular languages of North Indian states. Many publishers from Punjab, Chandigarh, and Delhi are publishing books in Punjabi. The present study is attempted to provide the overview and analyse the growth and contribution of publishing books in Punjabi by various types of publishers for the decade 2004-2013. The study presents different categories of publishers with the number of books, major publishers of Punjabi books, the contribution of literary, government and academic institutions as publishers and geographical distribution of Punjabi books from Northern parts of India. The study reveals that most of the books have been published in Punjabi by commercial publishers. Punjab is the leading region to publish maximum books in Punjabi as compared to other states and ‘Lokgeet Prakashan’ is the top publisher among them all. This is the first study assessing book publishers of Punjabi books and a useful source of information for practitioners and academics interested in Punjabi language publications.
A Memory Sterilized, Utilized, and Realized
Authors: Robison William
Published: August 2020

After the French suffered a humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, the conditions were set for proletarian uprising in Paris, resulting in the formation of the Commune of Paris. The Commune’s abortive existence stood as a violent shock across Europe and generated highly charged opinions from the poorest laborers to the wealthiest members of the nobility. The effect of the Commune’s memory on the European political Left was particularly divergent as men and women continued to grapple with the memory of the Commune and determined for themselves how best to render it intelligible. Some decided to pacify the memory, preaching of heroism and class struggle rather than violent revolution and anarchy. Others decided to utilize the memory of the Commune to incite revolts and strikes, and others worked to realize the Commune’s mission by taking tangible lessons from the Communards’ example. This paper focuses on specific socialist movements in France and wider Europe to demonstrate the multiplicity of occasions in which the Commune was centrally remembered and the diverse outcomes of the use of that memory.
Deep learning model for metagenome fragment classification using spaced k-mers feature extraction
Authors: Choiriyati Nur , Arkeman Yandra , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta
Published: August 2020

An open challenge in bioinformatics is the analysis of the sequenced metagenomes from the various environments. Several studies demonstrated bacteria classification at the genus level using k-mers as feature extraction where the highest value of k gives better accuracy but it is costly in terms of computational resources and computational time. Spaced k-mers method was used to extract the feature of the sequence using 111 1111 10001 where 1 was a match and 0 was the condition that could be a match or did not match. Currently, deep learning provides the best solutions to many problems in image recognition, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In this research, two different deep learning architectures, namely Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), trained to approach the taxonomic classification of metagenome data and spaced k-mers method for feature extraction. The result showed the DNN classifier reached 90.89 % and the CNN classifier reached 88.89 % accuracy at the genus level taxonomy.
Effects of a 14-Day High-Intensity Shock Microcycle in High-Level Ice Hockey Players' Fitness
Authors: Brocherie Franck , Perez Jérôme , Guilhem Gaël
Published: August 2020

Brocherie, F, Perez, J, and Guilhem, G. Effects of a 14-day high-intensity shock microcycle in high-level ice hockey players' fitness. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2247–2252, 2022—Elite athletes face congested schedules with increased competition frequency and restricted time for training periods. Therefore, time is lacking to design long-term sport-specific block periodization. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding a 14-day off-ice high-intensity training (HIT) shock microcycle to the usual training content of the pre-season preparation of high-level male ice hockey players' fitness. Fourteen players were randomly assigned to off-ice HIT (n = 7) or usual pre-season training (control, n = 7). For the HIT group, additional off-ice training content included 2 sessions of repeated-maximal resistance training, 2 sessions of repeated-sprint training, and 2 sessions of high-intensity intermittent training. Control group performed equal number of off-ice sessions using traditional strength and conditioning training. Off-ice Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2 (YYIR2) and on-ice repeated-sprint ability test (RSA) were conducted before (pre-test) and 3 days after the intervention (post-test). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Significant group × time interactions were found for off-ice YYIR2 performance (p < 0.05) and on-ice RSA-cumulated skating time (RSATT; p < 0.05). Compared with pre-test, off-ice YYIR2 distance covered significantly increased (from 708.6 ± 97.2 to 885.7 ± 118.7 m, p < 0.01; +25.8 ± 16.9%, p < 0.05) and on-ice RSATT significantly decreased (from 28.35 ± 0.87 to 28.14 ± 0.84 seconds; −1.7 ± 2.1%, both p < 0.05)] for HIT group. No significant pre-test to post-test changes were found for the control group (+2.7 ± 20.0% for YYIR2 and +0.9 ± 2.2% for RSATT). The implementation of a 14-day shock microcycle (including 6 HIT sessions) significantly improved fitness performance in high-level male ice hockey players. Such HIT block periodization offers a promising way to deal with congested schedules.
Occult metastatic thyroid cancer diagnosed during breast cancer axillary sentinel node biopsy
Authors: Herle Pratima , Boyages Steven , Hui Rina , Nahar Najmun , Ngui Nicholas K
Published: August 2020

In most developed countries, breast carcinoma is the most common malignancy in women and while thyroid cancer is less common, its incidence is almost three to five times greater in women than in men. Since 1966, studies have demonstrated an association between thyroid and breast cancer and despite these studies, the mechanism/s by which they are related, remains unclear. We present a case of a 56-year-old lady who initially presented in 2014 with a screen detected left breast carcinoma but was subsequently found to have occult metastatic thyroid cancer to the axilla, diagnosed from a sentinel node biopsy from the primary breast procedure. The patient underwent a left mastectomy, left axillary dissection and total thyroidectomy followed by three courses of radioactive iodine ablation. Despite this, her thyroglobulin level continued to increase, which was secondary to a metastatic thyroid cancer parasternal metastasis. Breast and thyroid cancer presents metachronously or synchronously more often than by chance. With improving mortality in primary cancers, such as breast and differentiated thyroid cancer, it is likely that as clinicians, we will continue to encounter this association in practice.

Learning points:

There has been a long-standing observation of an association between breast and thyroid cancer although the exact mechanism of this association remains unclear.

Our patient presented with thyroid cancer with an incidental diagnosis from a sentinel node biopsy during her primary breast operation for breast cancer and was also found to have a parasternal distant bony metastasis.

Thyroid axillary metastases are generally rare.

The interesting nature in which this patient’s metastatic thyroid carcinoma behaved more like a breast carcinoma highlights a correlation between these two cancers.

With improving mortality in these primary cancers, clinicians are likely to encounter this association in clinical practice.

Systemic therapy for metastatic breast and thyroid cancers differ and therefore a clear diagnosis of metastasis is crucial.
Identification of Essential Genes and Fluconazole Susceptibility Genes inCandida glabrataby ProfilingHermesTransposon Insertions
Authors: Gale Andrew N , Sakhawala Rima M , Levitan Anton , Sharan Roded , Berman Judith , Timp Winston , Cunningham Kyle W
Published: August 2020

Within the budding yeasts, the opportunistic pathogen Candida glabrata and other members of the Nakaseomyces clade have developed virulence traits independently from C. albicans and C. auris. To begin exploring the genetic basis of C. glabrata virulence and its innate resistance to antifungals, we launched the Hermes transposon from a plasmid and sequenced more than 500,000 different semi-random insertions throughout the genome. With machine learning, we identified 1278 protein-encoding genes (25% of total) that could not tolerate transposon insertions and are likely essential for C. glabrata fitness in vitro. Interestingly, genes involved in mRNA splicing were less likely to be essential in C. glabrata than their orthologs in S. cerevisiae, whereas the opposite is true for genes involved in kinetochore function and chromosome segregation. When a pool of insertion mutants was challenged with the first-line antifungal fluconazole, insertions in several known resistance genes (e.g., PDR1, CDR1, PDR16, PDR17, UPC2A, DAP1, STV1) and 15 additional genes (including KGD1, KGD2, YHR045W) became hypersensitive to fluconazole. Insertions in 200 other genes conferred significant resistance to fluconazole, two-thirds of which function in mitochondria and likely down-regulate Pdr1 expression or function. Knockout mutants of KGD2 and IDH2, which consume and generate alpha-ketoglutarate in mitochondria, exhibited increased and decreased resistance to fluconazole through a process that depended on Pdr1. These findings establish the utility of transposon insertion profiling in forward genetic investigations of this important pathogen of humans.
Реакція радіального приросту Quercus robur L. на зміни клімату в Поліссі та Лісостепу
Authors: Koval Iryna
Published: August 2020

Досліджено стиглі та перестиглі дубові насадження в Поліссі та Лісостепу, які ростуть в умовах свіжого сугруду та свіжого груду. Встановлено кліматичні чинники, які впливають на радіальний приріст дуба звичайного (Quercus robur L.) в Поліссі та Лісостепу і порівняно його реакції на зміни клімату в обох природних зонах. Виявлено реперні роки максимального (1891, 1902, 1924, 1931, 1957,1971, 1987) та мінімального (1895, 1906, 1918, 1922, 1929, 1936, 1950, 1976, 1992, 2000, 2005) радіального приросту дуба звичайного для Полісся, а також позитивні (1971, 1978, 1987) та негативні (1918, 1922, 1929, 1936, 1950, 1976, 1992, 2000, 2005 реперні роки для Лісостепу. Негативні реперні роки характеризуються дефіцитом опадів, посухами вегетаційного періоду, холодними або занадто теплими зимовими та ранньовесняними періодами, а позитивні –. сприятливим для росту дерев співвідношенням тепла і вологи.

 Для першого періоду (1960-1988 рр.) виявлено позитивний вплив зимових та ранньовесняних температур  на радіальний приріст дуба у Поліссі і Лісостепу. У другому періоді (1989-2013 рр.) відбувся протилежний сценарій – значне підвищення зимових  та ранньовесняних температур  призвело до зменшення радіального приросту. У другому періоді дубові насадження в Поліссі більше потерпали від теплих зим, ніж насадження в Лісостепу. Негативний вплив посух вегетаційного періоду на приріст посилився у другому періоді для обох насаджень. Упродовж другого періоду опади суттєво втратили позитивний вплив на приріст у насадженнях як Полісся, так і Лісостепу.

Підтверджено гіпотезу щодо посилення чутливості реакції радіального приросту дуба звичайного до змін клімату в Поліссі та Лісостепу.
Особливості техногенного впливу лісокористування на чистоту води у гірських лісових водотоках
Authors: Korzhov Volodymyr , Kudra Vasyl
Published: August 2020

Під час здійснення лісозаготівель у гірських умовах із застосуванням наземного транспортування деревини відбувається трансформація лісового ґрунту як у межах лісосіки, так і на трелювальних волоках. Трелювальні волоки, по яких заготовлена деревини доставляється до навантажувальних майданчиків, прокладаються на схилах різної стрімкості, що спричиняє порушення монолітної структури ґрунту та утворення значних обсягів експлуатаційної ерозії. Внаслідок багаторазового проїзду лісових машин по волоках формуються глибокі колії, по яких відбувається поверхневий стік води до підніжжя схилу, яка потрапляє у водотоки. Тому волоки одночасно є і руслами стоку води, яка концентрується на них у разі виникнення інтенсивних опадів та внаслідок cніготанення. При цьому разом із водою виносяться і частинки лісового ґрунту, що призводить до забруднення води.

Дослідженнями зарубіжних і вітчизняних науковців встановлено, що основним потенційним впливом на чистоту води внаслідок лісогосподарської діяльності є потрапляння у річки частинок землі з доріг і трелювальних волоків. Тому одним із важливих завдань є встановлення ступеня впливу техногенних чинників, які виникають під час лісокористування, на ступінь забруднення води в лісових водотоках. З огляду на це, були здійснені чотирирічні дослідження на двох лісових водозборах з метою вивчення ступеня каламутності води в руслах рік. У результаті дослідження встановлено чітку тенденцію щодо збільшення каламутності води в робочі дні (понеділок-п’ятниця) та її суттєве зменшення під час не робочих днів (субота, неділя). При цьому характерним є зростання забруднення води, починаючи з вранішніх годин з поступовим його зменшенням наприкінці робочого дня.
Urban Governance and Decision-making under Climate Change: a Critical Review of Frameworks, Methods and Tools from the Perspectives of Ecological Economics and Sustainability Science
Authors: Soloviy Vitaliy , Dubovich Ion
Published: August 2020

Over the past 10-15 years, cities have emerged as clear leaders in global climate action. The wealth of frameworks, methods and tools aimed to support urban climate governance and decision-making have created a picture of progress on the topic, however, practical examples of success are limited to a limited group of forerunners. This research aims to address the gap between needs, theory and practice, by providing a critical review of the current developments from the lenses of sustainability science and ecological economics. Based on their integration, we developed ten minimum criteria for development and selection of actionable means: (1) legitimacy, salience and credibility; (2) consideration of social-ecological-economic dynamics; (3) critical pluralism; (4) inclusivity; (5) equality; (6) nexus; (7) transparency; (8) usability; (9) VUCA-fit; 10) transformative potential. The minimum criteria were used to assess 10 selected frameworks, 13 methods and 9 tools, providing decision-makers initial guidelines for making better choices. The analysis revealed that while comprehensive urban climate governance frameworks already exist, sophistication and usability of decision-support methods and tools require further work, while common reliance on simple means limits available opportunities. Thus, it is important to make multi-criteria, multi-objective, adaptive and robust approaches better accessible to urban decision-makers beyond the expert circles to support more effective climate action, while the suggested minimum criteria can be used to provide initial guidelines for such developments.
Biodegradación de dos residuos de estaciones de servicio en Río Gallegos - Argentina
Authors: Acuña Adrián Javier , Cambarieri Luciana , Pucci Graciela Natalia
Published: August 2020

La producción de efluentes contaminados con hidrocarburos en las estaciones de servicio es un inconveniente a controlar y dar un tratamiento adecuado. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo estudiar la biorremediación de dos residuos de estaciones de servicio de la ciudad de Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina por medio de biodegradación. Se realizó la caracterización de la fase oleosa obtenida de efluentes de dos estaciones de servicio y se realizó una biorremediación con microcosmos de los mismos. El seguimiento se realizó con análisis de GC/MS para hidrocarburos y perfiles de ácidos grasos microbianos, como también se realizó un seguimiento de las bacterias degradadoras de hidrocarburos. Los dos residuos mostraron diferente perfil cromatográfico; esto impactó sobre la degradación de los mismos que fue para el Residuo 1 de 79,68 % y para el Residuo 2 de 29,23 %. Este último poseía un perfil más rico en hidrocarburos policíclicos que son tóxicos para las bacterias. El impacto sobre la comunidad bacteriana debido a la composición de los residuos también se evidenció en la evolución del índice de Shannon determinado, y de los diferentes grupos microbianos estudiados a partir de los ácidos grasos obtenidos desde el suelo, encontrándose un predominio de bacterias Gram positivas responsables de llevar adelante el proceso de biorremediacón. Los principales resultados obtenidos demostraron que la fase líquida no acuosa obtenida a partir de los efluentes de estaciones de servicio es posible ser biorremediada por la comunidad bacteriana presente en el suelo de estudio.
SEROPREVALENCIA DE VIH Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS EN DONANTES DE UN BANCO DE SANGRE DE LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLÍN - COLOMBIA, 2005 – 2018
Authors: Cardona Arias Jaiberth Antonio , Palacios Mena Viviana Orleidy , Dizu Calambas Kely Fernanda , Flórez Duque Jenniffer , Higuita Gutiérrez Luis Felipe
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar la seropositividad de VIH y factores asociados en donantes de un banco de sangre de la ciudad de Medellín - Colombia, 2005 - 2018. Se realizó un estudio transversal en 166 603 donantes del banco de Sangre de la Escuela de Microbiología de la Universidad de Antioquia. Las estimaciones se basaron en proporciones y razones de odds con sus intervalos de confianza del 95 %. La mayoría de donantes fueron del Valle de Aburrá, 50,2 % hombres, 65,4 % altruistas, 59,3 % de primera vez y 81,2 % captados fuera de las instalaciones del Banco. La seropositividad general de VIH fue 0,275 % (IC 95 %=0,25-0,30), en las frecuencias específicas fue del 0,324 % en hombres y 0,224 % en mujeres; 0,299 % en donantes con edad entre 18 - 40 años, 0,212% en los de 41 - 65 años, y del 0,333 % en los de primera vez; 0,213 % en lo no repetitivos y 0,149 % en los donantes repetitivos. Se concluye que la seropositividad de la infección fue similar en comparación con investigaciones previas, con un descenso importante desde el 2013. El riesgo de infección fue estadísticamente mayor en los hombres, los menores de 40 años y donantes de primera vez. Esto es importante para conocer la línea base y evaluar acciones de prevención en la población de estudio, orientar estudios etiológicos y mejorar políticas de hemovigilancia.
INACTIVITY AT NIGHT: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOCTURNAL BEHAVIORS OF TWO CAPTIVE Panthera onca (FELIDAE) SPECIMENS
Authors: Boccacino Débora , Maia Caroline Marques , Dos Santos Eliana Ferraz , Santori Ricardo Tadeu
Published: August 2020

Inactivity is a common daytime behavior expressed by wild cats in zoos. It is not clear whether this inactivity is due to the constraints of the captive environment or is a result of a more natural behavior by these animals. Therefore, this work evaluated the behavior of two Panthera oncacaptive specimens, including their inactivity, during the evening/night period. The jaguars were filmed individually in different days, starting at 5:30 pm and finishing between 7:00 pm and 1:30 am, including non-feeding and feeding days. Regardless of whether they were fed or not, both jaguars expressed a significant rate of inactivity. In addition, when fed, one of the jaguars increased its movements and active behaviors, although its inactivity remained high, while the other jaguar further reduced the expression of such behaviors. Therefore, this work concludes that these jaguars were just as inactive during the evening/night period as they were during daytime. Excessive inactivity might be regarded as a negative behavior; with its highest expression being an effect of the captive environment, which might compromise the welfare of the assessed jaguars and possibly of other wild cats. In addition, since the behavioral expression varied between the studied jaguars, depending on the feeding or non-feeding status, we recommend that futures studies should taking into account the individual variations, especially when there are differences in age, health, and management conditions between the specimens.
Gerromorpha: insectos semiacuáticos, desarrollo en la última década en Colombia
Authors: Padilla Gil Dora Nancy
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo resume las principales tendencias en el conocimiento de los gerromorfos en el ámbito mundial, relacionadas con los avances en sistemática molecular, su uso como indicadores de ambientes cambiantes y la ampliación del saber en varios países Neotropicales. Se revisa la información publicada sobre los Gerromorpha en la última década (2009-2019) en Colombia y se contemplan los diferentes aspectos biológicos, taxonómicos, ecológicos y de distribución geográfica. El desarrollo y el progreso sobre los heterópteros semiacuáticos son la base del emprendimiento de otras investigaciones en Colombia y en el Neotrópico, especialmente en regiones como Mesoamérica y Sudamérica.
Poder calorífico de la fracción orgánica biodegradable de los residuos sólidos urbanos generados en el sector sur de la ciudad de Quito
Authors: Clavijo-Ayala Luis , Pillajo Walter
Published: August 2020

Se determinó el poder calorífico de la fracción orgánica biodegradable de los residuos sólidos urbanos (FOBRSU) generados en el sector sur de la ciudad de Quito, una zona representada en las subzonas residenciales de estrato socioeconómico medio, medio-bajo, bajo y en la zona de mercados y ferias, con el fin de hallar una diferente alternativa de disposición final mediante incineración. Los puntos de muestreo se obtuvieron con un análisis estadístico que determinó la necesidad de muestrear 21 puntos en las subzonas residenciales, igualmente se decidió muestrear los 5 mercados más grandes y representativos del sector. Se realizó un trabajo de campo para determinar los mayores porcentajes de orgánicos biodegradables. Se determinó el poder calorífico a través del método de análisis próximos y bomba calorimétrica. Se estimó que el porcentaje de reducción de volumen de los residuos que llegarán al relleno sanitario “El Inga” es 95,82%. Asimismo, la vida útil del relleno se alargaría en 4,9 años si se emplea la idea propuesta. La generación de energía mediante incineración de los FOBRSU requiere de una fuerte inversión inicial pero también generaría importantes beneficios para el municipio y abastecería de energía a 19.806 hogares.