bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using nano polymeric micelles based on beta cyclodextrin for the targeted delivery of bosentan drug
Authors: Ameli Hossein , Alizadeh Nina
Published: April 2024

The drugs formulation have been considered based on the micelles of polymeric nanoparticles in the past decades. It has shown that these Nano polymeric micelles (Nano PMs) help to increase accessibility to homeland, decreasing side effects and getting long of drug dissemination. The purpose of this study is optimization of the bosentan drug formula using polymer nanomicelles and cyclodextrins. The pH-responsive copolymer was prepared and the variables of loading time, loading temperature, the ratio of CP5 copolymer to drug and the ratio of cyclodextrin to drug and the effect of these variables on the percentage of drug loading were investigated. In this work, first, a Definitive Screening Design was used to investigate the effect of variables on drug loading percentage. This method provides the possibility of significantly reducing the number of tests required to check systems that are characterized by a large number of variables. In the optimized formula for the drug, the loading temperature was 43 °C and the time was 4.25 hours, as well as the ratio of CP5 copolymer to the drug was 4.7 and the ratio of cyclodextrin to the drug was 2.4 to reach the maximum efficiency of 84.5% drug entrapment. The release was carried out in laboratory conditions at pH 1.2 and 7.4 and at a temperature of 37 °C for 24 hours, 95% of the drug was released, which showed that the release of the drug was completely targeted and controlled. Therefore, according to the obtained results, we can hope that polymer nanomicelles with cyclodextrin are potential and efficient carriers for targeted delivery with sustained release of drugs.
Global inequality in burden of breast cancer from 1990 to 2019: a cross-national study
Authors: Wang Yang , Chang Zhongwei , Zhang YiFei , Xu MarvinXuejun
Published: April 2024

Background
Breast cancer been the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide and contributes to great global disease burden. Exploring global inequality in breast cancer burden can help global collaboration to improve availability and equitable distribution of resources for BCa across countries
Method
We extracted data on age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rates (ASDRs) for breast cancer from 1990 to 2019 reported in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. To assess global inequality, slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index were calculated as absolute and relative metrics, corresponding with 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results
Varied ASDRs were observed across 204 countries and territories in both 1990 and 2019. The SII changed from 160.4 (95% CI, 128.6, 183.9) in 1990 to -125.1 (95% CI, -176.4, -86.3), highlighting that countries with the lower socio-demographic index were disproportionately burdened with higher disease burdens. The concentration index changed from 18.0(95% CI, 17.4, 18.3) in 1990 to 5.3 (95% CI, 4.4, 5.6) in 2019, indicting reduced relative health inequality from 1990 to 2019. Meanwhile, females reported higher ASDRs and exhibited greater global inequality in burden than males.
Conclusion
Countries with lower sociodemographic development would shoulder disproportionately higher burden of breast cancer. The shift in the disproportionate burden suggested the need of reasonable allocation of global resources, with a particular priority for low-income countries.
WITHDRAWN: The impact of input modality on user experience by age group: based on self-service terminal
Authors: Hou Guanhua , Huang Hui
Published: April 2024

The current interaction of self-service terminal lack an effective way that is consistent with the needs of older adults. Touch input is a frequent modality, sometimes the only modality, used in self-service terminal, which may not be beneficial to some older users. This study aims to investigate the effects of input modality (touch, voice, eye control) and age (young people, pre-seniors, and seniors) on the task performance and cognitive load of users operating a prototype self-service terminal. Task performance and cognitive load significantly differed across input modalities and participant ages. For touchless modalities appropriate for pandemic environments, this research indicates both eye control and voice inputs are suitable for young people, and voice input appropriate people over the age of 55. For non-pandemic environments, the touch input was found suitable for users below the age of 55. For those over 55, voice input is a better choice.
Predictive Model of Delayed Hyponatremia after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Pei YuKang , Miao Faan
Published: April 2024

Objective This study aims to establish the risk factors and predictive model for the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma.
Methods Data from 155 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma at the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2018 to May 2023 were analyzed. These patients were randomly divided into a training group (108 cases, 70%) and a validation group (47 cases, 30%). Univariate and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted on the training group to identify risk factors for delayed hyponatremia after surgery. A predictive model was established using R software and validated.
Results After conducting Univariate and Multivariate Logistic regression analysis, factors influencing the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma were identified as follows: elevated preoperative prolactin levels, higher preoperative suprasellar cistern height, and hyponatremia in the first 1-2 days after surgery. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for forecasting delayed postoperative hyponatremia (DPH) in training and validation sets was 0.943 and 0.959 respectively. The DCA curve indicated a higher benefit in clinical application.
Conclusions The risk prediction model for delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma, developed in this study, demonstrates favorable predictive performance. The nomogram can be utilized for early identification of high-risk individuals for DPH.
Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet reduces the risk of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Quan Xiyan , Shen Xiaoming , Li Chun , Li Yayuan , Li Tiangang , Chen Baifan
Published: April 2024

Background
Despite some epidemiological studies reporting a significant association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and risk of diabetes mellitus, the results remain controversial. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the existing evidence from published observational studies and evaluate the dose-response relationship between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk.
Methods
A systematic search for relevant articles published up to September 2023 was conducted using electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). A random-effects model was applied to calculate the combined relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest compared to the lowest categories of DASH score in relation to diabetes mellitus risk. Heterogeneity among the included studies was measured using the Cochran’s Q test and I-squared(I2) statistic. Literature search, study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.
Results
Fifteen studies involving 557,475 participants and 57,064 diabetes mellitus cases were eligible for our analyses. Pooled analyses from included studies showed that high adherence to the DASH diet was significantly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes mellitus(RR: 0.82; 95%CI: 0.76–0.90, P < 0.001). Moreover, dose-response meta-analysis showed a linear trend between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus(RR:0.99;95%CI:0.97–1.02, Pdose−response=0.546, Pnonlinearity= 0.701). Subgroup analyses revealed a significant inverse association between adherence to the DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk in case-control studies (RR: 0.65; 95%CI:0.29–1.43, P < 0.001), with a marginal inverse association in cohort studies(RR:0.83; 95%CI: 0.76–0.91, P < 0.001). Besides, we conducted analyses separately by comparison, and found a significant inverse association between DASH diet and diabetes mellitus risk in T3 vs T1 comparison studies(RR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.64–0.86, P = 0.012).
Conclusion
The findings of this study showed a protective association between adherence to the DASH diet and risk of diabetes mellitus. More prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings.
Designing a neuron network topology for forecasting streaming patterns of highly magnetized couple stress trihybrid nano-blood in a constricted/dilated artery by means of electric double layer principle
Authors: Das Subhendu , Das Sanatan
Published: April 2024

Exploring electrokinetic phenomena in the context of biofluids blended with nanoparticles opens up possibilities for innovative biomedical applications. It may open pathways to novel treatments involving electromagnetic fields and nanoparticle-infused blood tailored to target specific medical issues. This research is centred on investigating streaming patterns in highly magnetized couple stress blood infused with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), titania, and alumina within a constricted/dilated arterial channel influenced by electroosmosis. The model is designed with the imposition of an intense external magnetic field oriented perpendicularly to the channel, giving rise to phenomena such as Hall currents, ion-slip currents, and Joule heating. The electric potential within the electric double layer (EDL) is calculated through the solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Computation of the proposed blood flow model is accomplished by harnessing the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF45) shooting scheme via the bvp4c solver in Mathematica. The study is carried out by employing informative graphs and tables to comprehensively understand and elucidate the physical sequels of crucial factors on flow dynamics and physical quantities. Notable outcomes include the observation that blood temperature regenerates with higher values of Hall and ion-slip parameters, while skin friction on the artery’s upper wall abates as the electroosmosis parameter amplifies. An increase in nanoparticles’ volume fraction (NVF) leads to higher Nusselt numbers on the upper wall. Furthermore, an artificial neural network (ANN) model is developed using reference datasets obtained from numerical outcomes. This ANN model accurately predicts crucial flow quantities, with error rates of only 0.07% for the skin friction coefficient and 0.05% for the Nusselt number. The findings of this study hold potential implications for the design of more effective drug delivery systems, biomedical devices, improved diagnostic accuracy and informed treatment decisions, among other applications.
Dosimetric comparison of multiple SBRT delivery platforms for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Song Yongchun , Chen Xiuli , Wang Yuwen , Dong Yang , Tian Jia , Wang Xin , Yu Xuyao , Jiang Bo
Published: April 2024

Background
Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been widely used for pancreatic cancer. However, there is still a lack of studies comparing the latest SBRT techniques in terms of clinical efficacy and safety. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate three latest SBRT elivery platforms: CyberKnife (CK), Tomography Radixact (TOMO), and Halcyon volume rotation intensity modulation therapy (VMAT) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Methods
Sixteen patients with pancreatic cancer treated with CK were retrospectively analyzed. SBRT plans were designed using Precision and Eclipse software. CK plans were optimized in two forms: fixed collimator (CK-Fixed) and multi-leaf grating collimator (CK-MLC). The median radiation dose was 40 Gy (35–45 Gy) in 5 fractions (3–6 f). The effectiveness of clinical treatment was evaluated by comparing the homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), coverage of the planning target volume (PTV) and dose distribution parameters of organs at risk (OAR).
Results
All plans met the limits of clinical target dose and OAR. CK-MLC plans had the lowest maximum dose of 2 cm normal tissue from PTV margin (D2cm), indicating a low risk of peripheral radiation damage. Additionally, the CK-MLC plans had the lowest dose parameters and provided the best protection for the kidney, spinal cord, small intestine, and duodenum, with a paired t-test p-value < 0.05, indicating a statistical difference.
Conclusion
High conformity and adjustability of CK-MLC allowed for precise complex target localization and conformal dose distribution, benefiting tumor treatment while maximally reducing damage to OAR. This study provides valuable dosimetric evidence for SBRT technique selection for pancreatic cancer.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward contraceptive methods among female undergraduate students of Chiang Mai University, Thailand: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Charussangsuriya Pattaraporn , Srisu Sasivimol , Siri Jutarat , Jantra Tanawat , Suebsai-on Panisa , Tongsong Theera
Published: April 2024

Objective
To assess sex activity, knowledge, attitudes and practices of contraception methods among female undergraduates at Chiang Mai University, Thailand.
Methods
Female undergraduate students aged 18–26 years, who were studying for a bachelor's degree between July 1, 2023, and August 31, 2023, were invited to participate in this study. Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were answered by participants via an online platform. Participants were excluded if they did not understand Thai language. The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts (socio-demographic & contraception use, knowledge of contraceptive methods, attitudes, and sources of information.)
Results
A total of 475 women responded to the questionnaire. Of them 29.2% had sex experience, with significantly lower prevalence among the students in health sciences faculties, when compared with those of non-health sciences (20.6% vs 40.2%; p-value < 0.001). The mean ± SD scores of knowledge of contraceptive methods was 12.84 ± 4.59 (range, 0–24), indicating a medium level. There were only 15.1% of participants were categorized as a high level, while many participants (86.9%) had a positive attitude toward contraceptive methods. Most participants gained contraceptive knowledge from online content from the internet and social media.
Conclusion
Nearly 30% of the female university students had sex experience, lower than that in most previous studies, with significantly lower prevalence in the group of health sciences faculties. Most female university students had a positive attitude toward contraception uses; however, their knowledge about contraception was relatively limited. Finally, most contraceptive methods used were relatively less effective and theoretically at risk for unintended pregnancy. New knowledge on this issue needs to be encouraged. Establishing user-friendly reproductive and sexual health services may help improve student engagement in contraception methods.
Genomic evidence for supergene control of Darwin’s “complex marriage arrangement” – the tristylous floral polymorphism
Authors: Xue Haoran , Gong Yunchen , Wright Stephen , Barrett Spencer
Published: April 2024

Tristyly is a polymorphism characterized by three flower morphs with reciprocal stigma and anther heights controlled by two epistatically interacting diallelic loci (S and M), hypothesized to be supergenes. Chromosome-level genome assemblies of Eichhornia paniculata identified the S- and M-loci. The S-locus is a supergene consisting of two divergent alleles: The S-allele (2.51Mb) with three S-allele specific genes hemizygous in most S-morph plants and the s-allele (596kb) with five s-allele specific genes. Two of the S-allele specific genes, LAZY1-S and HRGP-S, were specifically expressed in styles and stamens, respectively, making them tristyly candidate genes. The M-locus contained one gene (LAZY1-M), homologous to LAZY1-S, that was present in the M-allele but absent from the m-allele. Estimates of allele ages are consistent with the prediction that the S-locus evolved before the M-locus. Re-use of the same gene family highlights the potential role of gene duplication in the evolution of epistatic multilocus polymorphisms.
Epidemiological Parameters of Clostridiodes difficileAcquisition and Transmission for Mathematical Modeling: a Systematic Review
Authors: Olufadewa Isaac , West Hal , Latimer Harrison , Chen Shi
Published: April 2024

With about half a million Clostridiodes difficile infections (CDI) and 30,000 deaths reported annually in the United States, CDI is a major threat to patients, clinicians, and public health. Mathematical models are important to characterize the transmission dynamics, monitor the spread of new cases, and inform more effective control of CDI. However, the usefulness of these mathematical models of C. difficile depends on the accuracy of the epidemiological parameters, such as transmission coefficient and recovery rate. Our study identified and summarized quantitative estimates of important parameters to inform C. difficile mathematical modeling. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guideline and the comprehensive study protocol is registered with the National Institute for Health Research International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Registration number: CRD42023408483). After searching four major databases and an additional extensive reference search, 21 studies met our eligibility criteria and were further analyzed. Sixteen (76.2%) studies utilized compartmental modeling and 5 (23.8%) adopted an agent-based modeling approach. Also, 15 (71.4%), 3 (14.3%), and 3 (14.3%) studies were stochastic, deterministic and hybrid (both stochastic and deterministic) models respectively. The basic reproduction number (R0) ranged from 0.28 to 2.6. The transmission coefficient was estimated to be from 0.00001 to 0.5, the recovery rate ranged from 0.099 to about 0.21 (per day), the recurrence rate was from 0.12–0.3 (per day), case fatality rates ranged from 0.0000111 to 0.02 per day, and the incubation period ranged from 4 to 18 days. In summary, there was a high heterogeneity among studies and a paucity of mathematical modeling parameters used. We recommend that further research be conducted in this area as more accurate epidemiological parameter estimates are needed to develop mathematical modeling studies for effective CDI control.
Microstructural evolution of pre-oxidized T91 steel during LBE dissolution corrosion
Authors: Liu Chao , Shen Tielong , Qi Le , Ma Zhiwei , Chang Hailong , Wang Zhiguang
Published: April 2024

The microstructural evolution of T91 steel by pre-steam oxidation during LBE dissolution corrosion was investigated. A bi-layered pre-oxide film with Fe-rich outer layer and Cr-rich inner layer was formed on T91 steel, which was similar to the oxide film of T91 after oxidation corrosion in LBE. The pre-oxide film effectively protects the matrix from LBE corrosion at 620 °C. However, the composition and microstructure of the pre-oxide film changed dramatically. Unlike the original duplex structure, the pre-oxide film exposed to LBE undergoes a process of reduction of the outer layer and oxidative growth of the inner layer and changes into five layers, the loose and easily peeling outer Fe layer, the dense and intact inner layers successively consist of Fe-Cr spinel layer, a transition layer of matrix and Cr-rich oxide, continuous Cr-rich oxide layer with tetragonal distorted spinel structure and amorphous SiO2 layer. The evolution mechanism of the pre-oxide film during LBE dissolution corrosion is discussed.
Debunking Disinformation
Authors: Ahlborn Juliane , Verständig Dan , Karsch Philip
Published: April 2024

Desinformationen haben mit dem digitalen Wandel eine neue Qualität erreicht. Für den gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt und das Gelingen demokratischer Prozesse gehört das Erkennen von und der Umgang mit Desinformation sowohl auf individueller als auch gesellschaftlicher Ebene zu den zentralen Herausforderungen. Doch allein das Erkennen genügt oft nicht, um Desinformationen und postfaktischen Überzeugungen effektiv entgegenzuwirken. Dementsprechend schlagen wir im Beitrag einen Ansatz vor, der sich der aktiven Dekonstruktion von Desinformationen widmet und auch die kreative Gestaltung von Narrativen und Weltbildern in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Der Beitrag setzt dafür zunächst die Konzeption Öffentlichkeit ins Verhältnis zu Desinformationen und digitalen Technologien. Anschliessend werden am Beispiel von Datenvisualisierungen und Karten einige kreative Datenpraktiken vorgestellt und diskutiert, um das Erkennen, Gestalten und Dekonstruieren aus einer medienpädagogischen Perspektive heraus zu adressieren.
Spielend spalten?!
Authors: Möbus Benjamin
Published: April 2024

Angesichts der Popularität von Computerspielen versuchen rechtsextreme Akteur:innen zunehmend, das Medium für Propaganda und Desinformation zu instrumentalisieren. Ein diesbezüglich potenziell zukunftsweisendes Beispiel stellt das Computerspiel Heimat Defender: Rebellion dar, welches nach Aussagen des Entwicklers Kvltgames dezidiert für propagandistische Zwecke der als vom Verfassungsschutz als gesichert rechtextrem geführten Identitären Bewegung entwickelt wurde. Obgleich die propagandistische Instrumentalisierung von Computerspielen keineswegs ein neuartiges Phänomen darstellt, existieren bisher nur vereinzelt analytische Näherungen an deren ideologische Bestandteile und die propagandistische Funktion. Dieser Beitrag untersucht insofern, inwiefern die intradiegetischen Endgegner:innen im Computerspiel Heimat Defender: Rebellion als Feindbilder dargestellt werden. Diese Darstellung beruht auf dem Feindbildbegriff der Rechtsextremismusforschung und der analytischen Perspektive der Game Studies. Im Anschluss erfolgt eine Diskussion der Inszenierung im Kontext der Ideologie der Identitären Bewegung. Der Analyse der Feindbilder wird landläufig in Perspektive der Dekonstruktion von Ideologie eine besonders relevante Rolle zugeschrieben. In dem Beitrag zeigt sich, dass in dem Computerspiel einerseits bekannte Feindbilder der Identitären Bewegung – Heiko Maas, Jan Böhmermann, Philipp Ruch, Angela Merkel und George Soros – verhöhnt werden. Andererseits deuten deren intradiegetische Verbindungen darauf hin, dass durch das Computerspiel das Narrativ popularisiert werden soll, dass politische, kulturell-mediale und finanzökonomische Eliten gemeinsam gegen die (vermeintlich homogenen) Interessen der Bevölkerung vorzugehen versuchen.
Paired Metamorphism of SW Japan and Implications for Tectonics of Convergent Margins
Authors: Wallis Simon R. , Okudaira Takamoto , Miyazaki Kazuhiro
Published: April 2024

The Sanbagawa-Ryoke pair of geological units in southwest Japan is the classic example of paired metamorphism originally identified by Akiho Miyashiro. Together these belts represent an important study area for developing and testing ideas about how convergent margins behave over geological time based on studies of the rock record including petrology, geochemistry, deformation, and geochronology. The two sides of the pair represent ancient examples of a subduction zone in the Sanbagawa belt and an associated volcanic arc in the Ryoke belt. This issue of Elements brings together the results of a wide range of different approaches summarizing the current state of knowledge about the Sanbagawa-Ryoke pair and how this informs our understanding of convergent margins in general.
CORPORATE TAXATION THROUGH THE INDIAN PRISM: CONSEQUENCES OF GST AND DTC
Authors:   Law Student, Uils, Chandigarh UniversityLaw Student, Savitri Bai Phule, Pune University., Singh Nageshwar , Ameriya Shreya ,   Law Student, Uils, Chandigarh UniversityLaw Student, Savitri Bai Phule, Pune University.
Published: April 2024

The Indian taxation landscape has witnessed significant reforms in recent years, with the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) and proposed changes in the form of the Direct Tax Code (DTC). This comprehensive analysis explores the dual facets of these reforms and their consequential impact on corporate taxation in India. The study encompasses a detailed examination of the implications of GST implementation and the potential effects of the impending Direct Tax Code on corporate entities. The Goods and Services Tax (GST) was introduced in India in July 2017, heralding a paradigm shift in the taxation system by replacing multiple indirect taxes. Simultaneously, the Direct Tax Code (DTC) has been proposed as a comprehensive reform of direct taxes, aiming to simplify and rationalize the existing tax structure. This analysis delves into the impact of these reforms on corporate taxation, considering the intricate interplay between indirect and direct taxes. The implementation of GST streamlined the indirect tax system, reducing cascading effects and enhancing overall tax efficiency. This, in turn, has had a direct impact on corporate taxation by simplifying compliance procedures and reducing the burden of multiple taxes on businesses. The analysis explores how these changes have contributed to increased tax compliance among corporate entities. GST introduced the concept of Input Tax Credit (ITC), allowing businesses to offset taxes paid on inputs against their final tax liability. This section assesses how the availability of ITC has influenced cost management for corporations, promoting a more transparent and efficient taxation system. The GST regime prompted corporations to reevaluate their supply chain structures to optimize taximplications. The analysis investigates how companies have adjusted their operations to align with the GST framework, leading to improved logistics, reduced lead times, and cost savings. The proposed Direct Tax Code envisions revisiting tax slabs and rates, potentially altering the corporate tax landscape. This section examines the anticipated impact of changes in tax rates on corporate entities, exploring the implications for businesses of varying sizes and sectors. The DTC proposes a reevaluation of existing tax incentives and deductions. The study analyzes the potential impact on corporate decision-making, investment patterns, and overall economic growth. It delves into the implications for sectors currently benefiting from specific incentives. The DTC aims to align international taxation principles with global standards, impacting the taxation of multinational corporations operating in India. The analysis assesses the potential challenges and opportunities for such entities, considering the implications for transfer pricing and cross-border transactions.
A MISLEADING FORM OF IDIOPATHIC CAPILLARY LEAKAGE SYNDROME (CLARKSONS DISEASE): A CASE REPORT
Authors: Bouhabba N. , Meziane I. , Bouchoual M. , Hamdani Z. , Alayoud A.
Published: April 2024

The idiopathic capillary leak syndrome, commonly referred to as Clarksons disease, is an uncommon and severe disorder that frequently necessitates intensive care intervention due to recurring episodes of shock.With no established treatment available during the acute phase, the primary approach to management revolves around symptom relief. It seems that the use of vascular fluid resuscitation has an adverse effect on patient outcomes in intensive care, and therefore, there should be endeavors to restrict its usage.As an illustrative case, this article describes the case of a 53-year-old patient who presented to the emergency department with edema following the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and was initially misdiagnosed as anaphylaxis.Laboratory tests revealed hypoproteinemia in contrast to hemoconcentration, and the absence of serum albumin, which raised suspicion of Clarksons syndrome. This suspicion was confirmed through serum protein electrophoresis, ruling out other diagnoses.
CORRELATION OF Q ANGLE WITH NAVICULAR HEIGHT IN CRICKET PLAYERS
Authors:   BPT, D.Y.Patil Deemed To Be University, School Of Physiotherapy, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Bhansali Shaivi , Shripad Isha ,   Assistant Professor, D.Y.Patil Deemed To Be University, School Of Physiotherapy, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Published: April 2024

Background:Cricket is an intermittent sport, with intervals of high-intensity movements like bowling and batting alternating with long stretches of low-intensity action. The lower extremity being a biomechanical column affects the entire lower extremity kinetic chain, if any segment of the lower extremity deviates from normal. This study aimed to find a correlation of Q angle with navicular height in cricket players. Methodology: 50 male cricket players between the ages of 18-25 years and with more than 3 years of experience were recruited. Demographic details were noted which included name, age, gender, dominance, height, weight, and years of experience, previous history of trauma, or any recent injury. The participants were assessed for Q-angle and navicular height measurement. Results: Spearmans correlation showed a significant correlation between the Q angle and Navicular height of the dominant side (Î± = 0.297, p = 0.036) and left side (Î± = 0.382, p = 0.006). There was no significant correlation on right side (Î± = 0.265, a p = 0.063). Conclusion:The study concludes that there is a significant correlation between Q angle and Navicular height of cricket players. The correlation is seen in the left and the dominant leg whereas the right leg did not show a significant correlation.
CERVICAL SCAR CONTRACTURES: EXPERIENCE OF THE PLASTIC SURGERY DEPARTMENT IN MARRAKECH
Authors:   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco., Marzak M. , Benlaaguid K. ,   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco., Idelkheir L. ,   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco., Elatiqi O. ,   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco., Laamrani D. ,   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco., Benchamkha Y. ,   Reconstructive, Plastic, and Burn Surgery Department, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Marrakech, Morocco.
Published: April 2024

Deep cervical burns can lead to disabling sequelae, especially in cases of delayed, incorrect, or inadequate initial burn management. The aim of this study is to report the various epidemiological aspects of cervical contractures, analyze therapeutic modalities, and emphasize the importance of prevention. Our work is a retrospective study spanning a period of 10 years from July 2013 to July 2023, which includes 107 cases of cervical contractures followed at the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department and Burn Unit of the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center in Marrakech. The average age of our patients is 20 years, ranging from 1 to 55 years. 68% of the studied population is female, with a sex ratio of 2.14. They mostly come from a low socioeconomic background. The most frequently found circumstances of the initial burn were domestic accidents, accounting for 80% of all accidents. The etiology of the initial burn is thermal in all patients in our series, 100%. In our study, the majority of cases were initially managed in non-specialized health centers or even at home through traditional practices. Initial treatment involved conventional treatment in 45.5% of cases, early excision with grafting in 22.7% of cases, and physiotherapy (compression therapy, massage) in 22.7% of cases. The topographic distribution of sequelae showed a predominance of anterior neck involvement in 96% of cases. Facial burn sequelae are most frequently associated (70%) with cervical contractures, followed by trunk sequelae (50%). The majority of patients (80.5%) present with deformation of the cervico-mental angle, as well as limitation of cervical extension. Severe cervical contractures (according to Achauers classification) are the most frequent, representing 44.6% of cases. Surgical treatment of these sequelae involves various methods, including skin grafts used in 50.6% of cases, local flaps used in 38.4% of cases, flaps used in 5.5% of cases, and skin expansion used in 5.5% of cases. Functional and aesthetic improvement is achieved in 85.9% of cases, while surgical revision was necessary in 5 patients. Cervical burn sequelae pose a major therapeutic challenge, despite the diversity of surgical procedures, hence the importance of prevention.
EVALUATION OF BOND STRENGTH OF NEWER BONDING AGENTS TO HUMAN DENTIN AFTER SIX MONTHS OF STORAGE AN ANALYTIC STUDY
Authors:   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India., Kallayil Anas , Thenukutty Faseela ,   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India., Salaria Kartik ,   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India., Verma Shweta ,   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India., Goel Munish ,   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India., Dogra Aryman ,   Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics Himachal Pradesh India.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Among various materials, composite resins have been developed in order to provide the best aesthetics to the anterior restorations as well as for posterior restorations. Resin-dentin bonds are more difficult to achieve than resin-enamel bonds, because dentin bonding relies on organic components. Materials & Methodology: A total number of 44 extracted human mandibular premolars were collected. Occlusal enamel surface was removed using an airotor and diamond bur.The collected 44 teeth were divided in to four groups according to the bonding agents used. 1st sub group with five teeth that is submitted for microtensile testing within 24 hours and SEM analysis for failure mode, 2nd sub-group contains five teeth which is submitted to microtensile bond strength after six months of storage in normal saline and thereafter for SEM analysis for failure mode, and the 3rd sub-group with one teeth which is prepared for analyzing the bond interface using SEM Results: Summarized data was presented using Tables. Data was normally distributed as tested using the Shaperioâ€‘Wilk W test (p-value was less than 0.05). Therefore, analysis was performed using the parametric tests i.e. Independentt test (for comparing two groups) and One way Anova test (for comparing more than two groups). Level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. Conclusion:The lowest bond strength values both at 24 hours and after 6 months in normal saline due to its solvent system (acetone, ethanol, water), which might not create a stable adhesive layer like other agents. Optimal filler load could also reduce bond strength by limiting resin availability. SEM analysis revealed that fewer resin tags, indicating incomplete penetration into dentinal tubules, resulting in weaker bonding and susceptibility to degradation. Adhesive failures indicating poor adhesion at the dentin interface, while mixed failures suggested inadequate bonding with the composite resin. This underscores the importance of refining bonding agent formulations and application techniques to ensure enduring adhesive bonds in restorative dentistry.
THE POLITICS AND REALITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE IN INDIA: RESERVATIONS BETWEEN THEORY AND PRAXIS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India-202002., Sidique Ubaid
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the dynamics of environmental justice in India, focusing on the disparities between theoretical ideals and practical implementation. The main objective is to critically analyse the intersection of environmental protection, social equity, and human rights in the Indian context and to identify the challenges and opportunities in achieving environmental justice. The paper highlights the persistent environmental injustices in India, despite the presence of robust legal frameworks. It explores the complex interplay between environmental governance, socio-economic factors, and institutional mechanisms, shedding light on the root causes of environmental disparities. The findings indicate that while India has made strides in environmental legislation and policy formulation, there are significant gaps in their execution and enforcement. Bureaucratic inertia, regulatory capture, and inadequate access to justice pose formidable barriers to achieving environmental justice. Moreover, the paper underscores the disproportionate impact of environmental degradation on vulnerable populations, exacerbating existing socio-economic inequalities.The study suggests that addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach, including policy reforms, community empowerment initiatives, and enhanced institutional capacity building. It emphasizes the importance of democratizing environmental governance and amplifying the voices of marginalized communities in decision-making processes. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities and realities of environmental justice in India, offering insights into the gaps between theory and practice. It calls for concerted efforts to bridge these gaps and advance towards a more just and sustainable future for all.
REAL TIME INVESTIGATION ON REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Authors:   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti., Mohamed Shabith Hussain J. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti., Mohan Dhass R. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti.,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti., Mohamed Ajaz R. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti.,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti., Abdul Rahman A. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti.,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti., Palani Kumar B. ,   Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti.,   Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology, Pulloor, Kariapatti.
Published: April 2024

Now days it has become a major challenge to select right techniques, materials, and procedures for the repair of a building structure.Repair and Maintenance of Residential Building have gained in importance around the world.Despite the authorities in charge of building maintenance, the residents are also a factor contributing to poor maintenance on building.The use of poor quality material by the maintenance department, improper maintenance strategy often cause maintenance to achieve a result less than expected.The first duty of every Civil engineer is to give emphasis on the durability aspect during construction as well as maintenance. The emergence of maintenance application can improve the efficiency of quality and duration of the work.Lack of management in maintenance is one of the factors which is the reason for poor building condition.
CASE REPORT OF INTRAPAROTID FACIAL NERVE SCHWANNOMA
Authors: Brahmanandan Dhanashree , Shetty Neeraj , Gaikwad Ninad
Published: April 2024

Schwannoma is a rare, benign, slow growing tumor originating from Schwann cells or nerve sheaths. Facial nerve Schwannomas are usually intratemporal with extratemporal being only 9% cases. Facial palsy is usually seen in patients with Intratemporal facial nerve Schwannomawhereas patients with Intraparotid Facial Schwannomas usually present with a slow growing parotid region swelling without any facial palsy. Hence, differentiation of Intraparotid Facial Nerve Schwannoma from other Benign tumors involving the parotid gland is difficult.This is a case report of a 57 year old male patient who presented to the ENT OPD of HBTMC & Dr. R.N. Cooper Hospital, Mumbai with Right Parotid region swelling who underwent surgery for the same with histopathology report suggestive of Facial Nerve Schwannoma.
ENHANCING VIGABATRIN DELIVERY TO THE BRAIN: THE POTENTIAL OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES
Authors:   M. Pharmacy 2nd Year Student,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER(DU)., D. Bharanidharan , B. Thilak ,   M. Pharmacy 2nd Year Student, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER(DU)., Niranjanasree A.C ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, SRIHER(DU), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: April 2024

Vigabatrin is a powerful and helpful drug for treating epilepsy and other neurological disorders. Unfortunately, because it cannot effectively cross the blood-brain barrier, its therapeutic use has been restricted. brain-blood barrier. This hinders the ability of drugs such as vigabatrin to reach their intended target region in the brain effectively. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) provide a potential solution to this problem. They are biocompatible and biodegradable, making it easier for drugs to penetrate the BBB. The effectiveness of solid lipid nanoparticles and their potential to improve vigabatrin transport to the brain is covered in this article. Furthermore, the purpose of using Solid lipid nanoparticles as drug delivery systems and the potential applications of this technology in the treatment of neurological conditions.
UMBILICAL ENDOMETRIOSIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Asmouki Hamid , Hajji Meryem , Izig Sara , Soummani Abderraouf
Published: April 2024

Introduction: We report a recently observed case of secondary umbilical endometriosis (UE), with the main aim to discuss diagnosis and the management of this rare condition. Observation: A 41-year-old woman admitted to our facility with a nodular, bluish umbilical swelling, non- painful, gradually increasing in size, bleeding with her menstrual cycle. Ultrasonography did not reveal any images indicative of pelvic endometriotic lesions. A pelvic MRI was performed wich showed an ovoid formation at the umbilical level, suggestive of a UE implant. A biopsy of the lesion was also carried out, showing a morphological appearance compatible with parietal endometriosis. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of UE. Neither symptoms or signs of local recurrence have been observed after 6 months. Discussion: Extra-pelvic endometriosis sites are not common, especially the umbilicus. It usually occurs secondary to surgical scars, specifically after laparoscopy or open abdominal surgery. UE should be taken into accounting differential diagnosis of umbilical disorders even in young nulliparous women with no typical symptoms of pelvic endometriosis. UE can be treated medically or surgically. Surgical treatment options are either local excision of the lesion or removal of the whole umbilicus with or without laparoscopic exploration of the peritoneal cavity. The decision should be tailored for the individual patient, taking into consideration the size of the lesion, the duration of symptoms and the presence of possible pelvic endometriosis. Conclusion: Local excision saving the umbilicus may be the treatment of choice in patients with small UE lesions.
VENOMOUS ENCOUNTER: A CASE REPORT ON SNAKE BITE DURING FULL-TERM GESTATION WITH DELAYED MANIFESTATION
Authors:   Postgraduate, Department of General Medicine, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi., Kumar Praveen , Doddamani G.B ,   Head of the Department, Department of General Medicine, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi., S. Hiremath Naveen ,   Postgraduate, Department of General Medicine, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi.
Published: April 2024

Background: Snake bite is uncommon among pregnant women, that too presentation in third trimester with late presentation, with envenomation is rare. Knowledge about the toxic symptoms and management of snake bite poisoning is very low due the rarity of cases. Case report: Presenting a case of 26 year old female, Primigravida with Premature Rupture of Membranes with Snake bite in Acute Kidney Injury with Disseminate Intravascular Coagulopathy. Appropriate care and management led to the survival of both mother and baby. Discussion: In India, 216 snake species exist, 52 are venomous. Elapids like cobras, kraits, vipers, and sea snakes pose threats. Venom potency varies with seasons and snake color. Envenomation symptoms include local pain, systemic effects, and coagulopathy. Pregnancy complicates management antivenom and careful monitoring are vital. Conclusion: Acute kidney injury with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy arising from systemic poisoning due to snake bite in pregnancy is difficult and challenging. Obstetric and medical line of treatment depends on the severity of envenomation, gestational age at presentation, timing, duration and quality of treatment.
EFFICACY OF VIRECHANA IN AMLAPITTA (GASTRO ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE): A SINGLE CASE STUDY
Authors:   PG Scholar, P.G. Department of Kaya Chikitsa, Uttarakhand AyurvedUniversity,Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., Rawat Sonam , Kumar Goyal Dinesh ,   HOD & Professor, P.G. Department of Kaya Chikitsa, Uttarakhand AyurvedUniversity,Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., a Himani ,   PG Scholar, P.G. Department of Shalya Tantra, Uttarakhand AyurvedUniversity,Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., Devi Sangita ,   Assistant Professor, P.G. Department of Kaya Chikitsa, Uttarakhand AyurvedUniversity,Gurukul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Published: April 2024

Amlapitta is very common disease encountered in present population. Due to lifestyle changes and changes in food habits people are mainly suffering from GIT disorders. Agniwhich is considered as root cause of all diseases is vitiate in Amlapittaleading to Mandagni (mildness of gastric fire) and food remains in Amashaya (abdomen) inShukta Avastha due to improper digestion. Its symptoms include heart burn, acid eructation, sour taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite. Conventional medical knowledge states that H. pylori infections, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy, and infections are the most common causes of GERD. In AyurvedShodhanChikita is the best way to treat the root cause of disease by eliminating toxic substances from body. Amlapitta is Pitta Dosha Pradhan disease and VirechanaKarma is best for Pitta vitiate disorder. This article is case study of 32 Yr. male patient with sign and symptoms of Amlapitta registered from the O.P.D, P.G. Department of Kayachikitsa, Gurukul Campus, Haridwar.