bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The usage of enzyme in ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction method and its effect on yield extract from Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus.) leaves
Authors: Angelina  , Yumna Mauhibah , Abdullah  , Arbianti Rita , Utami Tania Surya , Hermansyah Heri
Published: November 2018

Green extraction process is a method which is used to obtain various plant extracts with minimum impact on the environment. Green extraction will reduce energy consumption, allow use of alternative solvents and renewable natural products, and ensure a safe and high quality extract. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) is one of green extraction method. UAEE is a mild, efficient and environmental friendly extraction method and it has been adopted for extracting various kinds of compounds. The use of enzyme will catalyze hydrolysis of the cytoderm and glycoproteins, therefore enhancing the release of bioactive substances by disrupting plant cells. The optimum extraction conditions with a maximum yield extract of 48.63% are as follows: the concentration of ethanol is 50% and the amount of added enzyme is 70 mg/g. Crude extract from keji beling leaves is tested using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify components that have anti-hypercholesterolemic activity, which are hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and demethyl squalene.
Optimation of Depropanizer Unit using Turbo Expander and Its Controller using Model Predictive Control
Authors: Wahid Abdul , Maulana Ilham
Published: November 2018

In this study, Turbo expander (TE) and Model Predictive Control (MPC) is suggested for depropanizer unit to increase propane recovery and improve control performance of the unit. The model that used in the MPC is a first order plus dead time (FOPDT), which tested the control performance using set point (SP) and disturbance change test. The measurement of the performance is the integral of the absolute error (IAE). As a result, use of TE in the depropanizer able to increase the recovery of propane of 8.44% (from 82.11% to 90.55%). The control structure of the depropanizer unit using turbo expander are pressure control for the TE (using proportional-integral control), composition control in the distillate flow (using MPC), and pressure control in depropanizer column (using MPC). The control performance after carrying out the tests show that at the SP change, the composition control and the pressure control in depropanizer unit has lower IAE values for MPC than PI contoller. Similarly when tested using disturbance rejection, the IAE of MPC is lower than PI controller. It means that MPC is better than PI controller for composition control and pressure control in depropanizer unit.
Comparison of The Compressive Strength and The Microstructure of Metakaolin Metastar and Metakaolin Bangka as Additive in Ordinary Portland Cement
Authors: Astutiningsih Sotya , Sura Widyaningsih , Zakiyuddin Ahmad
Published: November 2018

Various This paper presents the results of the investigation on the use of Metakaolin (Al2Si2O2) as a supplementary cementing materials to improve the strength of cement. The most effective way to increase the strength of cement is the substitution of a proportion of cement with supplementary cementing materials. One of them was Metakaolin. Metakaolin was produced by thermal treatment calcination from Kaolin at 600-800 Celcius and has highest alumina and silicate purity. By added Metakaolin to Portland Cement type I (OPC), the amount of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) will increase through binding with Calcium Hydroxide (CaOH). There were two kinds of Metakaolin used in this investigation, commercial metakaolin named Metakaolin Metastar compared with Metakaolin Bangka which derived from Indonesia local resources, Bangka Island. Four Metakaolin replacement levels were employed in this investigation: 5%, 0%, 15%, and 20% with water per cement ratio 0.35, 0.40, and 0.50 both of Metakaolin Metastar and Metakaolin Bangka. The cement pastes cured at room temperature for 7, 14, and 28 days. The mechanical strength examined by compressive strength test, the microstructure were examined by SEM-EDS. The results of the study revealed both Metakaolin Metastar and Metakaolin Bangka enhanced the compressive strength of OPC. The most appropriate strength was obtained for a substitution of 20% metakaolin metastar which had 46,15% higher than OPC and 5% metakaolin Bangka which had 39,06% higher than OPC. The hydration rate was examined by Thermal Analysis Monitor. The results indicated that metakaolin metastar released higher heat than metakaolin Bangka. It can be concluded that Metakaolin metastar was more effective than metakaolin Bangka as additive in OPC.
Characterization of yeast extract co-product bioethanol from empty palm oil bunch
Authors: Sahlan Muhamad , Hannes Charion Gibreth , Sudiyani Yanni , Hermansyah Heri , Wijanarko Anondho
Published: November 2018

One of the potential co-product of the manufacture of bioethanol made from oil palm empty fruit bunches are yeasts, which have antioxidant activity. Source of antioxidants can be obtained from vitamins and enzymes. In the characterization study of the antioxidant properties of yeast extract refers to a method performed by Xiong, by varying solvent and extraction time using hot water and ethanol 25%. From the variation of time and solvent extraction will be tested with the GSH content of alloxan method, to obtain the maximum concentration. The results show the isolation of amino acids with a hot solvent, at 15 minutes is better. These results are then carried out the characterization of amino acids with LCMS methods. An amino acid which has antioxidant activity is methionine, using the solvent water and tested methods of abortion LCMS and 3402.91 ppm ethanol with LCMS method implies 4137.002 ppm. Characterization of amino acids can then be used as a source of raw materials economic cosmetics worth selling.
Effect of transglutaminase addition to chemical, physical, and culture survivability of yogurt during storage period
Authors: Setiadi  , Ramdhani Jihan Putra
Published: November 2018

One way to improve the physical and sensory properties of low fat or nonfat yogurt is by adding a small amount of transglutaminase enzyme into yogurt. Transglutaminase is an enzyme that can cause crosslinking in proteins and is particularly suited for improving the functional properties of food proteins. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of transglutaminase (TGase) addition on some properties of yogurt such as fermentation time, pH, total of lactic acid bacteria, syneresis, viscosity, and microstructure. The enzyme was added at different production steps, those are before addition of starter culture and simultaneously with starter culture addition. Another variations are the concentration of the enzyme (0.5; 1.0; and 2 grams enzyme/gram milk protein) and the storage period (1, 8, and 15 days of storage period). It was shown that there were no significant effect of transglutaminase addition to fermentation time. Acid development rate as well as syneresis percentage were reduced with increasing TGase doses meanwhile the viscosity was increased. TGase addition was also shown affecting the total lactic acid bacteria. Based on the electron microscope results, due to the formation of cross-links protein, enzyme addition caused proteins to be distributed more evenly in gel network.
The effect of time variation on the results of increasing titanomagnetite in iron sand at magnetization temperature (800°C) with Na2SO4 addition as additive
Authors: Maulana Hedi Eka , Nugraha Agung , Maksum Ahmad , Juna Haidir , Priyono Bambang , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi
Published: November 2018

Indonesia has rich deposit of Iron Sand that can be found along of the Java southern part island. Iron sand contains some Ti-Rich minerals such as ilmenite, titanomagnetite dan rutile. This study aims to determine the effect of time variation on the results of Increasing titanomagnetite in iron sand and addition of 15% Na2SO4 as a catalyst. Variation of this reasearch was respectively 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes with reduction temperature at 800°C. It takes the stage of roasting to condition the ore to be more easily reduced and increase the metal content so that it can maximize the iron sand purity with addition of Na2CO3 additive with mass ratio 1:0.4. Based on the XRD and Semi-Quant equation using Software HighScore Plus, optimal time for reducing iron sand with coal at 800°C is 30 minutes, which produce content of titanomagnetite as much as 36%.
Analysis effect of temperature on the results of titanomagnetite (Fe2TiO4-Fe3O4) formation in iron sand reduction using coal and sodium sulphate as an additive
Authors: Clarissa Devara , Priyono Bambang , Maksum Ahmad , Sumantono Memed , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi
Published: November 2018

Indonesia is a developing country that has rich deposit of natural resources particularly in mineral ores. Many of iron sand found in coastal Indonesia that contains some valuable minerals such as hematite (Fe2O3), ilmenite (FeTiO3) sand rutile (TiO2). Research study related to iron sand has developed that aims to determine the effect of temperature against the form of titanomagnetite in reduction process using coal as reductor and sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) as an additive. The results of XRD characterization and semi- quantitative with temperature variable 700°C, 800°C and 900°C obtained that 900°C is an optimum temperature with amount of titanomagnenite (Fe2TiO4-Fe3O4) as much as 48.5.
Electrical system design of solar powered electrical recreational boat for Indonesian waters
Authors: Sunaryo Sunaryo , Ramadhani Adri Wirawan
Published: November 2018

Indonesia has more than 17,000 islands and has plenty of beautiful beaches and underwater spots which have great potential for maritime tourism. Tourism was ranked 3rd on Indonesia's foreign income and plays an important role for the country’s ecomony. Despite having potential advantages, the government has not yet maximized its efforts to develop the attractiveness of its maritime tourism. Beside the beautiful spots Indonesia is also blessed with all year long sun shine, which could be tapped as renewable and green energy as substitution to fossil fuel. Refer to these great advantages of natural resources the research was aimed to support the government’s program in developing its maritime tourism and to promote the use of green and renewable energy by designing a solar-powered tourism recreational boat which has 12 meters of length. The paper is focused on the design of solar energy and its electrical system, which includes conversion of solar energy to electrical energy and store it in the battery, the required electrical power is also predicted based on the appliances and equipment installed in the boat, the optimum attachment of solar panels on the boat structure is also calculated. All the methods and information we use are obtained from literature study, discussion with experts, and surveys to Jagur as solar-powered electric boat from Universitas Indonesia.
Correlation between Trees and Micro Climate on A Certified Green Building (Case Study in Wisma Subiyanto, Jakarta)
Authors: Pradipta Eka
Published: November 2018

Construction of buildings causes vegetation, trees, and soil to change into concrete (building) and asphalt (road) and impact on the increase of radiation heat in the surrounding environment. Trees absorb heat energy, can decrease the environmental temperature through shade canopy and evapotranspiration process. The process of reducing the temperature becomes a necessity in an urban area with a hot humid climate filled with buildings like the city of Jakarta. This paper discusses the results of research that aims to determine how effective the role of trees in lowering the ambient temperature around the building. The object of this study is a building that received a green certificate from GBCI in particular that received a high appraisal for the sub-criteria of Appropriate Site Development / Site Landscaping and Heat Island Effect. The research was conducted using field temperature measurement method, simulation of calculation and heat visualization with Infrared Thermal Imaging tool. The analysis is done by comparing the measurement data, simulation, and visualization between several variables under study.
Ozone generation process using parallel plates plasma reactor at room temperature
Authors: Nadhifa Sheila , Afriansyah Renno , Bismo Setijo
Published: November 2018

Ozone is one of the most powerful oxidizing equipment, so it is effectively used to kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Many industrial processes use ozone because ozone can run without forming a by-product in water. Nevertheless, the utilization of ozone in Indonesia has not been applied maximally, due to the large cost of commercial ozonator equipment and operational life that is relatively short. In addition, many still do not comprehensively comprehend the ozonation process that is relatively very fast in the presence of ozone conditions that can only last a few minutes before parsing back into oxygen. In this study, the DBD (Dielectric Barrier Discharge) plasma reactor model with parallel plates for ozone generation at room temperature was developed. Furthermore, this study is more focused on conducting performance tests and optimizing ozone productivity in parallel spacer corona discharge chambers. This designated ozonator was treated as a plasma reactor to perform various tests with varying feed flow rates, input voltages, and gas feeds (compressed air and medical oxygen). After the productivity of the ozonators were tested with iodometric titration method, the ozonator’s productivity in generating ozone and its optimum operating condition were obtained. It can produce up to 0.82 g ozone/h with compressed air feed and 6.45 g ozone/h with medical oxygen feed.
Preliminary Study in Finding Alternative Materials: A Study on Traditional Malay Stage-House Typology and Construction in Bangka Island
Authors: Nuraeny Elita , Susanto Dalhar , Kurniawan Kemas Ridwan
Published: November 2018

Woods is the most favoured material for traditional and vernacular housing construction in Indonesia because it is cheap, versatile, and easily accessible. However, the practice of wood constructions has become a laborious task nowadays, with woods availability dwindles and becomes highly unaffordable. Advanced technology in our everyday routines and habits is also indicated as one of many aspects, influencing shifts in today’s vernacular and traditional architecture in Indonesia. Therefore, finding an affordable alternative is crucial to maintain and develop vernacular typologies of traditional houses in Indonesia. This paper focuses on Malay stage-house, a traditional housing typology in Bangka Island, which is in dilemma of being left by the local people. The scarcity of wood makes the material unaffordable for locals, forcing them to adopt a more modern housing typology instead of traditional ones. This paper uses methodologies of literature research, interviews, and field study on Malay stage-house in Muntok City, Bangka. Result and conclusion in this paper, therefore, becomes a preliminary study to propose an alternative and sustainable materials that is available and financially affordable for locals in Muntok without overlooking the authenticity of Malay’s traditional typology and ideology in Bangka Island.
Discovering the Potential of Organic Material in Architecture
Authors: Susanto Dalhar , Ningsih Tria Amalia , Angelia Diniputi
Published: November 2018

Indonesia is abundant with natural resources in the form of organic materials from the earth and floral ecosystem. Based on natural resources, Indonesia’s buildings are built using the organic materials from their surrounding area, such as woods, palm trees, bamboos and rattans that can be used as architectural elements. The organic material reflects the architectural development in Indonesia, starting with a single raw material via the joining of different building parts up to the finished building. It also visualizes the identity which will be presented with local wisdom from the knowledge and the ideas. This paper aims to identify main organic materials in Indonesia regarding the physical properties and aesthetic values that are encountered by human senses. Materiality acknowledges as a flux that is passing processes of continual transformation; it is commonly called “thingliness” or “woodiness”. Furthermore, it encompasses three components, medium, substance, and surfaces, which are not separated or dominant from nature; it is built as a unified whole. This study proposes an idea to give impacts of the build environments on traditional and contemporary design. By adopting a sustainability approach to organic material selection and specification extends the inspiration in the design stage of the building process.
Rumah Tinggi of Korowai Tribe, Papua: Material and Technology Transformation of Traditional House
Authors: Susanto Dalhar , Puti Angelia Dini , Aditya Giovanni Suhanto Kevin
Published: November 2018

Traditional dwelling in Indonesia is about to change and lead the threatening of extinction that coming from both of inside the community. It is because social and cultural growth in the society tends to dynamic and changes following the globalization and technology development. Technology advances also make a change of function and form of Rumah Tinggi of Korowai tribe. Traditionally, the building process of Rumah Tinggi involves the community, from harvesting the material from nature, processed, assemble to completion. Currently, the function of Rumah Tinggi starts do transform because of material development and construction technic. Material acquisition processes are no longer done manually and communally by indigenous people but have been changed in construction techniques. This Paper describes the resultant of Research aimed to record the transform of Rumah Tinggi of Korowai tribe process. Construction of Rumah Tinggi of Korowai tribe has been relying on traditional technology - manual has been replaced by modern construction techniques involving material, tools, and new method. It discussed four aspects, materials; construction; tools; and distance, using qualitative methods through observation and field interviews, conducted in 2017 which the elaborated with several literature studies.
Green Estate in Jakarta: Branding or Reality
Authors: Aisha Sarah , Susanto Dalhar
Published: November 2018

Along with the growth of awareness in the society about 'Green Living' nowadays, more and more business development of housing projects in Jakarta which brings the topic of 'Green Estate' as their brand and branding strategy. Green Estate is a sustainably developed housing with the attention to aspects of energy saving, the provision of environmentally friendly infrastructure, the provision of green open spaces, waste management, environmentally friendly building design, the provision of alternative energy and citizen participation. Branding is a strategy, method, way or effort to convey a product brand to consumers so that the product is known and then widely consumed by the community. It is important to explore the extent to which the brand and branding strategy on the topic of 'Green Estate' is involved in the practice of developing a housing project in Jakarta, and how its implementation into the real product. This paper discusses the results of research on the brand and branding of 'Green Estate' in the housing project in Jakarta, covering three things: (1) mapping the type and coverage of the brand 'Green Estate', (2) exploring the branding strategy by the developer in communicating the product 'Green Estate 'to consumers, and (3) the implementation of brand and branding strategy 'Green Estate' into the product. This research uses a mixed method, that is the quantitative method by utilizing housing data in REI directory book; and qualitative methods through direct observation of selected housing samples.
Aquadest production system as steam turbine bottom cycle II: influence of condenser pressure and pinch point temperature difference
Authors: Kosasih E A , Wahid R I , Faros A A
Published: November 2018

Most of the energy derived from Steam turbine is discharge in the condenser at temperatures that may damage the environment. The condenser cooling water has gone through water treatment process, so it would be better used as raw material to produce aquadest. This study simulate a system that produces aquadest by throttling 10% of cooling water that coming out the condenser into a vacuum chamber (3 kPa). The resulting cold vapoor is condensed in the evaporator become aquadest. Cold water coming out the vacuum chamber is mixed with water coming out the condenser is lower than before. Parameters that varied are the condenser pressure and pinch point temperature difference (PPTD) inside the condenser. The simulation resulted the condenser cooling water temperature of less than 40 °C (design point), especially at PPTD of 9 °C. that applicable to all variations of condenser pressure 7 to 12 [kPa]. Spesific energy consumption of aquadest are between 550,7 to 900,3 [kPa] (less than half of water evaporation heat) and the aquadest flowrate are between 0,116 to 0,319 [kg/s].
Maximizing RUSUNA Development in TOD Jakarta-Case Study TOD Lebak Bulus Jakarta
Authors: Chaerul Basyir Berry , Isnaeni Hendrajaya
Published: November 2018

The need for residential property in Jakarta continues to increase, especially for MBR (Low Income Society). The development of TOD (transit-oriented development) area in Jakarta should be able to answer the problem. The existence of MBR dwellings in the form of RUSUNA (simple flats) in transit areas should be a concern because they need more residential and public transportation. Their existence will maximize the use of mass transport and keep the transit area from exclusivity, then the sustainability of the TOD Area is maintained. The problem of RUSUNA TOD development lies in the high price of land and the absence of related regulation, so the developer or manager of TOD is reluctant to develop it. From these problems came the research question, it is true that the majority of transit users are MBR, so that the provision of RUSUNA TOD needs to be maximized. Then, what is the percentage of RUSUNA units required based on transit requirements. The method used is the mix method by spreading the questionnaires to the users of transit, the market of residential users of LebakBulus, and interviews to the experts and stakeholders. The data obtained will be analyzed and adjusted to the applicable regulations.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Water Mist Fire Suppression System Effectiveness on Shielded Fire
Authors: Kuswantoro  , Nugroho Y.S.
Published: November 2018

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of water mist on suppressing a shielded fire. Full-scale experiments are carried out in a partition room of (lxwxh) 2x2x2.5 m size. Five water mist nozzle which consist of two type nozzle was used, high flow (fogjet) nozzle installed at top center of the room and fine spray nozzle installed at each side of room at high 1.5 m from ground. The pressure of water mist system was maintained at 20 bar which correspond to 2.6 lpm of water flow rate. Wood crib of 6.5 x 6.5 x 6 cm size was used as the fuel source. The obstruction used as a fuel shield has table like form with 40 x 40 cm cover area and 0.5 m height. The location of fuel source and fuel shield was varied (1) fuel source and shield at centre of room, (2) fuel source at one side of shield and the shield at centre of room, (3) fuel source and shield at corner of room, and (4)) fuel source at one side of shield and the shield at corner of room. Numerical simulation using FDS 6.5.3 was also performed to validate the use of FDS and get better understanding of the phenomena. The results showed that water mist was able to extinguish the fire around 20 s, 16 s, 30 s, and 24 s for scenario 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. It is also observe that the mist distribution around the shield and cover area of the shield play a role on the capacity and time needed of water mist to extinguish the fire.
The Earlier Era of Eco-Technology: Pavilions at the Colonial Exhibition of Pasar Gambir and the ‘Eastern-Western’ Architectural Influences in the Netherlands Indies
Authors: Lukito Yulia Nurliani , Miranda Fildza
Published: November 2018

This paper examines architecture in the Netherlands Indies and analyses how some innovation in the practice of architecture is actually coming from an adaptation to local conditions. It is in the notion of sustainable architecture not as a single entity of Western descendent but as loaded with cultural, historical and local contexts that this paper gravitates. As the discussion are pavilions in Pasar Gambir of Batavia - a temporary architecture practices - and ITB main hall that was designed with a strong connection to local conditions. During the Dutch colonial time in Indonesia there was already eco-technological practice in architecture with the aim to adapt to local conditions. The discussion of pavilions in Pasar Gambir showed some innovation in building forms, although temporary, that not only pushed the limit of building tradition but also created extraordinary event for colonial society. The discussion of ITB building illustrate the possibility of combining western-eastern architectural principles and surpassing the limit of architectural forms. In conclusion, the earlier of eco-technology in the Netherlands Indies has shown deeper cultural, historical and local meanings and how traditional architecture is related to the social and cultural dimensions of sustainability.
A solid-analytical-based model for extracting cutter-workpiece engagement in 5-axis flank machining
Authors: Li Dongdong , Zhang Weimin , Shang Tengfei , Gao Tianhong , Liu Shuo , Fleischer Jürgen
Published: November 2018

5-axis flank milling is applied extensively in aerospace, die-molds, and automotive industries because of high efficient material removal rate. Commercial CAM software can only simulate the tool path and collision at present, but cannot handle with cutting force during cutting process due to the variable geometrical cutter workpiece engagement (CWE) region of 5-axis milling. This paper presents a novel solid analytical model for extracting the CWE maps. The CWE is obtained analytically by performing Boolean operations between the cutter and in-process-workpiece (IPW) at any given cutter location (CL) point, instead of using the cutter and the removal volume. The proposed process simulation method could identify the CWE efficiently and precisely for general cutting tools. Finally, the CWE boundaries are mapped from a 3D space into a 2D plane defined by the immersion angle and the axial depth of a given cutter. The proposed solution can be easily integrated into the CAM software for predicting milling force and optimizing parameters in 5-axis milling.
The effect of third principal stress in the measurement of residual stresses by hole-drilling method
Authors: Halabuk David , Navrat Tomas
Published: November 2018

One of the most popular and widely used technique for measuring residual stresses is the hole-drilling method. By this method, it is possible to evaluate only biaxial residual stresses located in plane parallel to the surface, but some processes produce a triaxial stress state. For this reason, the evaluation of triaxial stress state by the method used for biaxial state was assessed in this paper. A hole-drilling experiment was simulated by the finite element method for two different stress states. The first stress state considered constant residual stresses in all directions. The second one considered constant residual stresses in a plane parallel to the surface and the residual stress in a direction perpendicular to the surface was equal to zero on the surface and increased with depth. Both states were simulated for various ratios of stress in a direction perpendicular to the stresses in plane. The obtained results show that residual stress in a perpendicular direction affects the evaluation of residual stresses in plane. If the residual stress in the perpendicular direction is high compared to stresses in plane, the error produced by the evaluation of triaxial stress state by the method for biaxial stress state can also be high.
1 Introduction
Formulation and Characterization of Topical Anti-acne Spot Gel Containing Herbal Extracts
Authors: Suksaeree Jirapornchai , Chuchote Chomnapas
Published: November 2018

This research work aimed to prepare the topical anti-acne spot gel incorporating the crude polyherbal extract that is a traditional Thai herbal recipe, namely “Ya-Sa-Marn-Phlae”. The topical anti-acne spot gels were prepared by add the crude polyherbal extract in each microemulsion or self-microemulsifying system and subsequently mixed in the blank anti-acne spot gel. The pH, viscosity, stability, contamination test, and skin irritation test were evaluated. The topical anti-acne spot gel formulations had a yellowish in color that was visually checked by researcher and photographed by digital camera. They had a pH near to a human skin and good viscosity which ease to use and safe to contact to the skin. They had a good stability and no contamination of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The topical anti-acne spot gels exhibited no oedema formation, and very slight erythema formation. Thus, the topical anti-acne spot gels were safe to apply on the skin without irritation.
Polymer Composite Manufacturing by FDM 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Bryll Katarzyna , Piesowicz Elżbieta , Szymański Paweł , Ślączka Wojciech , Pijanowski Marek
Published: November 2018

3D printing technology was developed nearly 30 years ago. One of its characteristics is that instead of removing materials, 3D printing creates 3D elements directly from CAD models, adding one layer of material on another. This offers a beneficial capability of making complex elements in terms of shape and materials, impossible to be manufactured by traditional methods. Owing to intensive research in recent years, considerable progress has been achieved in the development and commercialisation of new innovative processes of 3D printing by fused deposition modeling (FDM), including printing of composite materials. The study outlines the main methods of creating polymer composite structures using FDM technology.
An Investigation of Tool Performance in Interrupted Turning of Inconel 718
Authors: Chwalczuk Tadeusz , Wiciak Martyna , Felusiak Agata , Kieruj Piotr
Published: November 2018

The paper presents the result of an investigation of cemented carbides cutting tools performance in interrupted turning of Inconel 718. The discussion is based on case study revealed from industry experience. The spacing created for operational reasons cause interruption in turning process what has crucial effect on tool life and wear. Furthermore cutting parameters and tool geometry have significant influence on creating burr at the edge of spacing which leads dimensional deviation. The research based on two stages, preliminary and modelling, was introduced. In the first an effect of cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, rake angle and tool major cutting edge angle on wear and burr size was investigated. The second step was a regression based modelling of major parameter influence on various process aspects such as values of forces, tool wear and burr size. It was found that the consequential effect on plastic deformation of edge and tool performance have depth of cut. It also has been proven that higher cutting speed, lower values of angles provides better quality of machined element. The paper gives recommendations for turning parameters selection to acceptable burr forms, tool life and process performance.
Effect on the wettability, hardness and shear strength properties of 3%-nano Titanium Oxide (TiO2) added Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu (SAC)/Copper (Cu) solder joint
Authors: Singh Amares , Durairaj Rajkumar
Published: November 2018

Demand towards smaller electronic devices prompts the electronic interconnection to have less density and minimal weight percentage and such of this concern tips to applications of nanoparticles incorporation to the solder alloy. In this work, the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (<100nm) additions on the performance of wettability micro hardness, and shear strength of the Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu (SAC) solder alloy soldered on the Copper (Cu) substrate was investigated. The SAC added 3% TiO2nanoparticles had a slight decrease in the micro hardness compared to the plain SAC in this study but the value still surpasses many other common solder alloy’s hardness value. The wettability test was conducted by taking account the contact angle achieved by soldering the SAC added 3% TiO2solder alloy to the Cu substrate and contact angle produced was less than 40°. As for the shear strength, there was a clear increment of 13% in the shear strength compared to the plain SAC solder alloy. Quite observant, the additions of TiO2nanoparticles displayed significant influence on these properties that contributes to excellent performance. Much detailed discussion are elaborated in the content below aiding with results and theory behind the result achieved.
Liquid-Phase Sintering and Properties of PIMed 10-20 vol.% SiCp-Reinforced Aluminium Composites
Authors: Patcharawit Tapany , Ngeekoh Arada , Kitkhamthorn Usanee , Chuankrekkul Nutthita
Published: November 2018

Liquid-phase sintering and properties of powder injection moulded aluminium composite reinforced with SiCp has been investigated via thermal-phase analyses and hardness property. Mixing of 10 and 20 vol.% SiCp and aluminium powder was done via ball milling prior to feedstock preparation at 55% solid loading. Powder injection moulding was carried out at 170°C, followed by solvent and thermal debinding. The brown samples were sintered in a nitrogen atmosphere at 650–660°C, prior to age-hardening. Experimental result shows relatively high % linear shrinkage of 9.9–21.9 % and high % volumetric shrinkage of 34.5–46.5%. Thermal analysis indicates the formation of the liquid around 632 °C, facilitating liquid phase sintering. The composite microstructures consists of uniformly distributed SiCp throughout the densified aluminium matrix. SiCp addition scales up SiCp clustering, accompanying with gap porosity. The composite reinforced with 10 vol.% SiCp possesses higher sintered density at 2.63 g/cm3, yielding 93.1% theoretical. However the maximum macro Vickers hardness was measured at 164.2 Hv for 20 vol.% SiCp – reinforced aluminium composite in the age-hardened condition. Liquid phase sintering was found effective for the microstructure evolution of the PIMed composite, rendering densification. Hardening is influenced by SiCp addition and the roles of AlN, Al2Cu and Mg2Si precipitates.
An Electromechanical Co-Simulation Model Based on Lumped Parameter Model of Ball Screw Feed Drive System
Authors: Luo Liang , Zhang Weimin , Sui Haonan , Fleischer Jürgen
Published: November 2018

The continuous search for efficiency put forward higher requests to the machine tool for high speed and high acceleration, which makes the large-size and lightweight-designed feed drive system more likely to produce vibration during high-speed and high-acceleration feed operation. Ball screw feed system is the most widely used linear drive system in the field of industrial automation. Electromechanical Co-Simulation for ball screw feed drive dynamics is an important technique for solving vibration problems occurs in the feed motion. In view of the shortcomings of the current dynamic simulation model in the study of vibration of ball screw feed drive system, taking a ball screw feed drive system test bench as an example, an electromechanical co-simulation model based on the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed drive system was built up in this paper. Firstly, based on the axial and rotation vibration integrated dynamic modeling method of ball screws, the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed system was established. Secondly, through the integration of the simulation model of semi-closed-loop cascade control system and the lumped parameter model of ball screw feed drive system, an electromechanical co-simulation model was built up. Simulation result shows that, the co-simulation model of ball screw feed drive system can predict the vibration occurs in the feed operation caused by the servo controller, ball screw feed system or the coupling between them.
Optimization of Tooth Root Profile Using Bezier Curve with G2 Continuity to Reduce Bending Stress of Asymmetric Spur Gear Tooth
Authors: Vaghela Priyakant , Prajapati Jagdish
Published: November 2018

This research describes simple and innovative approach to reduce bending stress at tooth root of asymmetric spur gear tooth which is desire for improve high load carrying capacity. In gear design at root of tooth circular-filleted is widely used. Blending of the involute profile of tooth and circular fillet creates discontinuity at root of tooth causes stress concentration occurs. In order to minimize stress concentration, geometric continuity of order 2 at the blending of gear tooth plays very important role. Bezier curve is used with geometric continuity of order 2 at tooth root of asymmetric spur gear to reduce bending stress.
Design of Street Furniture for Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in the View of Cultural and Technological Integration - A Case Study on the Design of Bus Shelter in Bozhou
Authors: Xia Yaqin , Yang Changchun
Published: November 2018

It is necessary and urgent to integrate culture and technology into the street furniture of famous cultural and historical cities. A design model of innovative cultural and technological integration is constructed by combining its internal mechanism and analysing the status of street furniture of famous historical and cultural cities in China. Meanwhile, principles and methods of design street furniture for famous historical and cultural cities in the view of cultural and technological integration are proposed, and strategies of applying the design of street furniture for famous historical and cultural cities under the cultural and technological integration are elaborated in detail based on the design case of urban street furniture in Bozhou.
Ontology-based Experimental Support of Conceptual Actions in the Process Production of Aviation Parts Templates
Authors: Chorakaev Oleg , Grishin Maxim
Published: November 2018

The paper presents a set of decisions for improving the processes of designing the template tooling in the aviation industry. Specificity of the offered approach to designing this kind of equipment is to obtaining positive effects of reflecting the life cycle of any template on semantic memory, such as a question-answer. The reflection of the life cycle on the semantic memory makes it possible to develop ontological means of support, to organize structural designing the configured templates of aviation details and also use of means of conceptual experimenting. Such type of experimenting suggests the structure and attributes of the semantic memory cells are focused on the coding of models of questions and answers from the viewpoint of their use in solving the creative tasks. In such modeling, any conceptual experiment is conducted as an automated mental experiment the structure and content of which are operatively used in designing of templates. The ontological support helps to reduce the design complexity, improve the initial design quality, get a shorter pre-production term, as well as to accumulate and transfer the experience of the previously implemented design solutions.
Photofunctional hybrid ionogel prepared by doping the terbium complex covalently modified graphene within a stationary ionic liquid matrix
Authors: Liu Lijia , Wang Meiyu , Li Qiuping
Published: November 2018

Ionogel is an emerging hybrid material which is usually constructed by confined an ionic liquid into some special matrices, and it is expected to have great potential applications in the field of electrolyte materials, opticalelectric materials and so on. Here, a terbium complex covalently modified graphene was introduced into the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ionic liquid based ionogel matrix. The resulted material is a kind of novel photoluminescent hybrid material which has a transparent appearance and shows strong green under the UV light. The photoluminescent properties of the ionogel has been measured in details, revealing a broad excitation spectra, line-like emission spectra and long luminescence lifetimes which make it great potential applications in the preparation of optical-electric devices, together with the intrinsic conductive property of the embedded ionic liquid.
Magnetoelectric effect in a Terfenol-D and electret capacitor system
Authors: Gao Tian-Xiang , Zhou Yan-Wei , Wang Su-Su , Zhou Yun
Published: November 2018

A capacitor system based on a Terfenol-D rod and an electret film has been proposed. We used the traditional dynamic measurement to investigate the magnetoelectric effect of the system at the frequency of 50 kHz. The results show that the ME coefficient of the system is significantly affected by the DC bias magnetic field. The maximum tunability of the magnetoelectric effect based on the DC bias magnetic field is more than 10%. The induced AC voltage of effective values increases almost lineally with increasing AC signal magnetic field. The detected magnetoelectric effect of the system exhibits hysteresis, and the magnetoelectric hysteresis loops are almost unchanged with the test period. These findings provide a type of capacitor for potential applications in magnetic detections and magnetoelectric sensors.
Synthesis of iron phosphate-SAPO-34 composite and its application as effective absorbent for wastewater treatment
Authors: Cao Ying , Wei Lianmei , Song Xianzhen , Yan Xixi , Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Lijun
Published: November 2018

High-purity FePO4was purified from iron-based phosphating slag as raw material, and FePO4@SAPO-34 was synthesized by hydrothermal crystallization method under the action of templating agent-diethylamine. The synth esized FePO4@SAPO-34 samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SE M) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effects of different crystallization time on the morpholo gy and crystallization of FePO4@SAPO-34 crystals were investigated. The removal of heavy metal ion wastewater by low-cost FePO4@SAPO-34 was investigated. The experimental results show that when the reaction time is 180 °C an d the reaction time is 72h, the crystallization of FePO4@SAPO-34 is the best. When the dosage is 0.6g, the removal efficiency of heavy metal ions is the highest.
Study on the Preparation of TiO2-SiO2 Composites from Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Liang Yu , Ma Xiaoyu , Cui Suping , Wang Zhihong , Wang Yali
Published: November 2018

In this paper, TiO2-SiO2 composites with different SiO2 content s were prepared by coprecipitation method using rice husk ash as raw material. The effects of the concentration of alkaline leaching solution and reaction temperature on the extraction rate of SiO2 from rice husk ash were investigated. The optimum formation conditions of TiO2-SiO2 composites were explored, and the microstructure and properties of the composites were analyzed. The experiment al results showed that the extract ion rat e of SiO2 from rice husk ash reaches the maximum when the concentration of alkaline leaching solution is 1.5 mol/L and the reaction temperature is 90°C. When the pH value is 7, the TiO2-SiO2 composites can achieve the optimum formation condition. TiO2-SiO2 composites are composed of approximately spherical particles with obvious pore structure of the surface and piling up in fluffy state. The Si atoms enter the crystal structure of TiO2 with Ti-O-Si bonds connected to Ti atoms, which inhibits the growth of TiO2 grains and leads to the increase of the transition temperature of TiO2 from anatase to rutile.
Preparation of water-soluble asphalt carbon dots and hyperchromic effect to Cr (VI)
Authors: Gao Lijuan , Sui Jia , Qiao Xiaoqin , Hu Chaoshuai , Zhao Xuefei
Published: November 2018

Water-soluble asphalt carbon dots (W-CDs) was prepared from medium - temperature coal tar pitch as raw material, via mixed acid oxidation, alkali solubilization and acid precipitation method. It was observed that as-prepared W-CDs were irregular particles with good water dispersibility and the particle size was controlled by the pH of the acid precipitation solution by a polarizing microscope. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the surface of the W-CDs was functionalized by hydrophilic and color-promoting functional groups, which had good water solubility; the thermal weight loss proved to be good thermal stability below 200°C; the fluorescence spectrum proved that the fluorescence emission peak position of the carbon dots appears red shift with increase of excitation wavelength, with fluorescence conversion property, and its emission light intensity decreases, belonging to non-resonant fluorescence type of direct jump fluorescence; UV spectrum proves that the addition of W-CDs can be chromium (VI) CrO42- content The detection limit was increased from milligram to microgram; the molar absorptivity of CrO42- was increased by 4 times. The experimentally optimized W-CDs-ultraviolet-viscometry method for measuring CrO42- conditions: W-CDs to chromium ratio of 8:2, pH of 8, hexamethylenetetramine as a surfactant, and the solution was allowed to stand at room temperature for 45 min.
Interface Detection of Concrete and Slurry in Cast-in Place Pile
Authors: Liu Zhaolei , Yu Lei , Zhang Shuxiong
Published: November 2018

To find the interface of concrete and slurry in a cast-in place pile, the numerical simulation method and Laboratory tests are performed. Pressures along a pipe were obtained. Differential pressures of fixed distance were calculated. Differential pressure curves were plotted. The result shows that pressure along a pipe is differ. Differential pressure remains constant in certain mediums but changes across different mediums. The interface of concrete and slurry can be found from differential pressure plots. If transducers whose number is at least two can be tied on a fixed place of pipe, differential pressure will be obtained by pulling pipe out gradually, and the interface of the concrete and slurry will be found easily. This is useful for keeping pipe under concrete and ensuring pipe quality.
Research on modified silicone compound photocatalyst by doping N
Authors: Pan DaWei , Shao GuangXu , Zhang QingWen
Published: November 2018

In order to improve the visible light response and reaction efficiency of nitrogen-doped TiO2 set urea as nitrogen source, and silica gel as the load reagent adopt sol-gel method to prepare powder of nitrogen-doped TiO2 supported on SiO2 , use equal volume impregnation method to load MnO2 on catalyst, and then obtain the composite photocatalyst after drying, and roasting .The prepared composite catalysts were characterized by XPS, TEM, SEM, XRD and other methods. Moreover, the photo-catalytic activity of the composite catalysts under visible-light region was tested, and the influences of nitrogen content and calcinations temperature on the photo-catalytic activity were investigated. The results show that:(1) the range of light response of modified composite catalyst was expanded from ultraviolet region to visible-light region, which results in high visible-light catalytic activity in the degradation of methyl orange.(2) Through the mechanism of photo-catalytic reaction and the treatment effect analysis, MnO2 as catalytic resulting O2 can be served as a good electronic capture agent and improve the reaction efficiency.(3)With the reduction of nitrogen content,and the increase of calcination temperature, the visible-light catalytic activity was weakened.(4) The activity of catalyst was reused six times, without significant reduction and had excellent efficiency and stability.