bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem sob uma perspectiva contemporânea da literatura
Authors: Pissaia Luís , Costa Arlete , Oliveira Eniz Conceição
Published: March 2021

Esse estudo possui o objetivo de analisar na literatura científica disponível como ocorre o ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem aos estudantes de enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada nos portais da Scientific Eletronic Library Online e no banco de teses e dissertações da CAPES. Foram analisados e discutidos treze artigos científicos, dissertações e tese selecionados, sendo utilizadas aproximações com a Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram a importância de experiências no uso de tecnologias para o ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, indicando o desenvolvimento de Objetos Virtuais de Aprendizagem. Evidenciou-se também a necessidade de introduzir o conteúdo nos currículos dos cursos técnicos em enfermagem, e por fim observou-se a aplicabilidade da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem por meio da consulta realizada pelo enfermeiro. Sendo assim, este estudo possibilita analisar o panorama atual do ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, tendo como enfoque a qualificação do ensino e da formação profissional.
Impact of fiscal integration on eurozone members (The case of Slovakia)
Authors: Burian Lukáš , Muchová Eva
Published: March 2021

The eurozone is both a unique project and an unprecedented case in the history of monetary unions. It has the characteristic of a single monetary policy but with sixteen national fiscal policies. The national fiscal policy measures that are aimed at compensating for the absence of a more complete fiscal union have been orientated mainly toward domestic fiscal policy and follow domestic fiscal policy discipline. The aim of the paper is to outline polemical views on fiscal integration, identify potential forms of deeper fiscal integration and simulate its impact on the integration of the Slovak economy using the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The collected evidence shows that either deeper fiscal integration taking the form of transfers or a common European tax would be beneficial for the eurozone Member States. Member States would thus have a tool to address unexpected developments in and asymmetric shocks to the eurozone.
Development scenarios for the taxi services market in Vietnam in terms of competitiveness
Authors: Hong Pham Thi Thanh , Thuy Nguyen Thi Thu
Published: March 2021

The study objective was scenario forecasting of growth prospects of the service operators market on the example of Vietnam. The study is based on the results of a survey of 231 Hanoi residents who use traditional taxi service and app-based taxi service (TTS&ABTS). Using an integrated model, the quality of taxi services (TS) was assessed based on the satisfaction level with the individual components of the services provided. The perception features of TTS&ABTS in the context of different categories of respondents have been revealed. Using IPA-analysis, the competitiveness of the taxi operators in the country has been determined. Considering the impact of external factors that create risks and opportunities for the development of TS, economic scenarios for the development of TTS&ABTS have been simulated. The results can be useful in legislative regulation of the taxi market (TM) in Vietnam and the development of effective marketing strategies by taxi operators.
A rare complication of cholecystolithiasis: perforation of the gallbladder
Authors:   Ultrasound Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Brodnowski Hostpial, Poland, Migda Bartosz , Gabryelczak Marlena Alicja ,   Radiology Department, Masovian Brodnowski Hostpial, Warsaw, Poland, Migda Anna ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Warsaw, Masovian Brodnowski Hostpial, Warsaw, Poland, Prostacka Katarzyna ,   Radiology Department, Western Hospital in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
Published: March 2021

Common complications of cholelithiasis include gallbladder inflammation, cholangitis, and acute pancreatitis. On the other hand, rare complications include gallbladder carcinoma, gallstone ileus, Mirizzi syndrome and gallbladder perforation. Some patients with cholecystitis do not require hospitalization. It is of key importance for proper further diagnosis and treatment to remember about the possible complications of cholecystitis, especially in oligosymptomatic patients. Therefore, ultrasound examinations in patients with a history of gallbladder stones should be performed with appropriate care. Ultrasound should be performed carefully in patients with a history of cholecystolithiasis, especially those oligosymptomatic, bearing in mind that there are some rare complications of this highly common clinical entity.
Redrawing the Boundaries: R. Dvorkin’s Interpretativism in the Light of Traditional Typologies of Legal Theorizing
Authors: Kasatkin Sergey
Published: March 2021

Introduction: the paper is devoted to the interpretative concept of the outstanding American jurist Ronald Dworkin, formulated in his “Law’s Empire” (1986) and a number of other works. The subject of the paper is the characteristic of R. Dvorkin’s methodological approach. As its basis the author uses the interpretation of a “methodological model” of the thinker, proposed by the Mexican researcher Imer Flores, which is valuable for the effort to relate a (polemical and only partly explicit) approach of the American jurist with the classical criteria system of the typology of legal doctrines. Accordingly, the paper aims to identify (using the general scientific and specific scientific methods) R. Dworkin’s interpretativism in the context of the basic divisions of legal theories in modern Western (Anglo-American) jurisprudence, as well as to establish the impact of interpretativism on existing legaltheoretical typologies. As a result, the paper, first, outlines the key ideas of R. Dworkin’s doctrine, and secondly, examines I. Flores’s interpretation of the content and meaning of the interpretive methodology, thirdly, assesses the validity of such an interpretation with the justification of the status of interpretativism in the system of classical types of legal theorizing and its methodological implications. As a general conclusion, the paper argues for the status of R. Dworkin’s doctrine as a private and normative jurisprudence of the “internal point of view”. I. Flores’s thesis about the unification of traditional types of legal theories in interpretativism and transcending the dichotomy between positivism and natural law is disputed. Interpretativism challenges the established system of criteria for differentiating legal theories, rejecting a number of relevant methodological perspectives, primarily a general descriptive and morally neutral theory of law. By defending a necessary connection between law and morality, interpretativism, in fact, legitimizes the claims of natural-law concepts as to a proper explanation of “law as it is”, transferring their long-standing dispute with positivism to a new – methodological – level.
Subjects and Objects of Environmental Legal Relations
Authors: Ryzhenkov Anatoly
Published: March 2021

Introduction: the need to study the category “legal relationship” is generally recognized in the theory of law and state, as well as in all sectoral sciences. However, if the category “legal relationship” is sufficiently developed in relation to the “traditional” branches of law, then this issue remains relevant and new in relation to a fairly young branch of environmental law. The purpose of the research: to show the dynamics of development of modern doctrinal discussions on key issues of the theory of environmental law, namely, the categories of the subject and object of environmental legal relations. Objectives: to show the position of major Russian and foreign scientific schools on the theory of ecological legal relations; to identify the main scientific doctrine concerning the understanding of the subject of environmental legal relations; to consider the existing point of view on the category of the object of ecological relations. Methods: dialectical, system, logical, analysis, synthesis. Results: the dynamics of the doctrinal development of the concept of the subject and object of environmental relationship is investigated; the points of view of the leading environmental law schools of the CIS countries on the existing and prospective subjects of ecological legal relations are considered; the views of modern scholars regarding the recognition of climate as well as the person to be the subject of environmental legal relations are assessed within the category “the object of ecological relationship”. Conclusions: the paper argues that in the theory of environmental law, the categories “subject” and “object” of environmental legal relations are the most discussed today. The emergence of a new subject of environmental legal relations – “future generations”, mentioned in the legislation, seems to be justified. The paper presents a number of arguments in support of the existing proposals to expand the traditional list of the objects of environmental legal relations, with the addition of quasi-natural objects, agricultural ecosystem, climate, and many others.
The Legal Regulation of Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Parties to Alimony Obligations
Authors: Dzhumagazieva Gulnara
Published: March 2021

Introduction: the paper analyzes the institution of alimony obligations, namely, the protection of the legal rights and interests of the parties in the event of alimony relations between them. The purpose is to determine the essence and importance of alimony obligations and protect the rights of the parties to alimony legal relations under modern family law. In this regard, the author analyzes the concept and legal nature of alimony obligations in family law of the Russian Federation, and also considers the application of legal liability measures in alimony obligations. Using the methods of scientific knowledge, the author analyzed the legal nature of alimony obligations, as well as the application of legal liability measures in this area in order to identify the ways to improve the protection of the rights and interests of the parties in the field of alimony obligations. Results: the insufficient scientific development of a number of issues related to the characterization of alimony obligations and liability of persons who violate them negatively affects the understanding of the legal nature of such liability, reduces the efficiency of its application and serves as an obstacle to further improvement of the relevant section of the family legislation. Conclusions: the analysis of the legal consolidation and practical implementation of measures of responsibility for non-performance or improper performance of alimony obligations is an essential part of the science of family law. The applicable rules of liability are regulated by a whole set of legal acts of various branches of industry, and the differentiation of such measures is implemented in different ways in modern law.
Transnational Corporations as Business Entities in the Banking Sector
Authors: Kokoreva Tatyana
Published: March 2021

Introduction: the paper is devoted to the study of the essence of understanding TNCs in the banking sector through the analysis of such concepts as “transnational company (corporation)”, “international company (corporation)”, “international bank” and “transnational bank”. To this end, the author examines the concept and features of transnational corporations in the banking sector, their essential features, highlighted by the civil doctrine and used by judicial practice. Using the methods of scientific cognition, primarily the method of system and comparative analysis, the author identifies the constituent features of a transnational corporation by applying an insight-substantive approach to the study of the concept of TNCs as the largest intermediary in the system of international capital migration. Results: it is established that in the modern scientific literature there is no single approach to understanding the transnational corporation in the banking sector. In order to determine the main approaches to the understanding of TNCs in the banking sector, the author’s approaches to the definition of this phenomenon are systematized. The study identifies three groups of approaches: a TNC as a national company transcending the state; a TNC as a set of national companies; a TNC as a parent company operating in several states. Conclusions: the author concludes that a TNC in the banking sector should be understood as a transnational bank operating in several countries on the basis of an institutionalized network of representative offices operating on the basis of the national legislation of the countries of operation, which allows them to ensure the international movement of capital in order to diversify the economy and stimulate the innovative development of international economic relations.
Procedural Discretion of the Court when Refusing to Initiate Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Azarova Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

Introduction: if we consider the content of procedural discretion of the court when refusing to initiate criminal cases, refusing petitions at the stage of preliminary investigation, these refusals are known to be able to be appealed in the district (federal) court (Part 5 of Article 144, Article 122, 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation). In these cases, the judicial review raises a question not only for the defense, but also for the court itself, which is what the actions and decisions of the preliminary investigation bodies in such refusals are and whether there are signs of tort in their actions when making such decisions. The author of this paper sets the goal of research, which is to consider the content of procedural discretion of the court in case of refusal to initiate criminal proceedings. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is the dialectical-materialistic method of cognition, which includes the elements of system analysis, and specific scientific methods, such as the logical and legal ones. Results: based on the legal analysis, the content of judicial discretion in case of refusal to initiate criminal proceedings is revealed. The paper raises a question related to the consideration of judicial discretion as a guarantee of the court’s activity at the pre-trial stages of the criminal process. Conclusions: it is revealed that the scheme of judicial discretion in the event of a complaint about the refusal to initiate criminal proceedings should be based on the criteria of judicial discretion at the stage of trial.
Review of the Specific Principles of the Activities and Responsibilities of the Procedural Bodies as the Ways to Ensure the Rights of Individuals and Citizens in the Application of Preventive Measures in Vietnam
Authors: Do Thanh
Published: March 2021

Introduction: on November 27, 2015, the 10th session of the XIII National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam adopted the Code of Criminal Procedure, which entered into force on January 1, 2018. This has become an important legal basis for organizing the investigative and judicial activities aimed at combating crime, as well as for securing guarantees for the protection of human rights and citizens. The purpose of the study was to analyze a number of provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015, which set out the principles of activity and responsibilities of the procedural bodies, from the point of view of ensuring the protection of human rights when applying preventive measures. The achievement of the research goal is determined by solving the following tasks: revealing the fundamental principles of the activity of the procedural bodies, establishing the practical significance of their consolidation in the Code of Criminal Procedure of 2015. Applying the general scientific research methods, namely, comparing the current provisions of the legal acts, their generalization, the author drew the following conclusions: in order to ensure the protection of human rights and citizens in the application of preventive measures, to create conditions for their effective implementation in practical application in Vietnam, the Criminal Procedure Code of Vietnam of 2015 was supplemented with a number of relevant provisions, in particular, the specific principles of activity and responsibilities of the procedural bodies were fixed as the ways to ensure the rights of people and citizens when applying preventive measures.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prenatal, diabetes and medical appointments in the Brazilian National Health System
Authors: Chisini Luiz Alexandre , Castilhos Eduardo Dickie de , Costa Francine dos Santos , D'Avila Otávio Pereira
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT: Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Primary Health Care in Brazil. Methodology: This retrospective ecological study was carried out using Brazilian municipality data obtained from the information systems of the National Public Health System. The outcomes were medical appointments, prenatal procedures and diabetes care. The exposure variable was the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the first case reported in Brazil. Multilevel mixed-effects negative binomial regression was used to analyze the association between the number of procedures per 10,000 inhabitants and COVID-19. Results: Data from 5,564 Brazilian municipalities were included in the present study. Regarding medical appointments, the largest reduction occasioned by the pandemic occurred in May (IRR = 0.27, 95%CI 0.24 – 0.30). Prenatal procedures were reduced by 65% (IRR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.32 – 0.38), also in May. In addition, diabetes care saw the biggest reductions in April 2020 (IRR = 0.24, 95%CI 0.11 – 0.53) and May 2020 (IRR = 0.19, 95%CI 0.09 – 0.43). From February to December 2020, the pandemic had a significant effect on the total number of procedures evaluated. Conclusion: The findings showed a reduction in prenatal procedures, diabetes and medical consultations performed in Brazil's Primary Health Care, following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effects of urease-producing bacteria on permeability and strength control for sands
Authors: Ikoma S. , Hata T. , Yoneda J. , Yamamoto K.
Published: March 2021

In the ground improvement field, microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a novel bio-based soil improvement technique. To apply this technique, the presence of an actual construction site is needed to clearly understand the strength of increment and permeability reduction mechanisms with the specific trend of bacterial species. In this study, constant head permeability tests were performed on the three species of urease-producing bacteria, which were isolated from land and sea (estuary and deep-seabed). Permeability control and strength increment effect were evaluated with the constant head permeability and cone penetration tests. In all the test cases, the hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increment of the number of cementation solution injections and finally reached to almost two orders decreased. Moreover, the difference in the bacterial species showed a different permeability trend of the hydraulic conductivity despite the same amount of biomineral being deposited. Thus, the type of bacterial species has different chemical deposit mechanisms. In contrast, strength enhancement is affected by the deposited biomineral volumes from the cementation solution with bacterial specific urease enzyme. Consequently, the application of MICP needs to select the appropriate bacterial species for each type of ground improvement.
The Preventable Productivity Burden of Kidney Disease in Australia
Authors: Savira Feby , Ademi Zanfina , Wang Bing H. , Kompa Andrew R. , Owen Alice J. , Liew Danny , Zomer Ella
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement

Kidney disease is associated with reduced work productivity. The authors describe the preventable productivity burden of kidney disease in Australia over 10 years (2020–2029), using the novel metric “productivity-adjusted life year” (PALY). The PALY resembles the quality-adjusted life year, but it adjusts years of life lived for productivity loss resulting from ill health instead of quality-of-life impairment. They demonstrate that, if 10% of future cases of kidney disease can be prevented over this period, >7500 PALYs could be saved, equivalent to a gain of US$1.1 billion in gross domestic product. These results have potential to inform policy makers regarding the need and the substantial financial incentive for the prevention of kidney disease.

Background

Kidney disease is associated with impaired work productivity. However, the collective effect of missed work days, reduced output at work, and early withdrawal from the workforce is rarely considered in health-economic evaluations.

Methods

To determine the effect on work productivity of preventing incident cases of kidney disease, using the novel measure “productivity-adjusted life year” (PALY), we constructed a dynamic life table model for the Australian working-age population (aged 15–69 years) over 10 years (2020–2029), stratified by kidney-disease status. Input data, including productivity estimates, were sourced from the literature. We ascribed a financial value to the PALY metric in terms of gross domestic product (GDP) per equivalent full-time worker and assessed the total number of years lived, total PALYs, and broader economic costs (GDP per PALY). We repeated the model simulation, assuming a reduced kidney-disease incidence; the differences reflected the effects of preventing new kidney-disease cases. Outcomes were discounted by 5% annually.

Results

Our projections indicate that, from 2020 to 2029, the estimated number of new kidney-disease cases will exceed 161,000. Preventing 10% of new cases of kidney disease during this period would result in >300 premature deaths averted and approximately 550 years of life and 7600 PALYs saved—equivalent to a savings of US$1.1 billion in GDP or US$67,000 per new case avoided.

Conclusions

Pursuing a relatively modest target for preventing kidney disease in Australia may prolong years of life lived and increase productive life years, resulting in substantial economic benefit. Our findings highlight the need for investment in preventive measures to reduce future cases of kidney disease.
Other Lives of the Image
Authors: Hayes Patricia , Gilburt Iona
Published: March 2021

In the wake of intensifying debates on decolonisation and restitution in Africa and its francophone diaspora, a Facebook posting of 6 February 2020 gave an other life to a photographic portrait of the French-Italian explorer Savorgnan de Brazza taken in 1882.1 The uploaded digital scan of a photograph from nearly 140 years ago flashed up in a moment of contemporary hypervisibility, offering a visual pretext to denounce de Brazza and the effect of his interventions in Africa virtually and openly on a public post, pulling the image out of the academic and archival environments it had until then mostly inhabited.
TESTING PROTOCOL v1
Authors: Waldrip Jessica
Published: March 2021

Testing
High-throughput Sars-CoV-2 detection from self-collected saline gargle samples v1
Authors: Rouven Stierlin Noel , Laks Laura , Reimann Regina , Savic Miodrag , Rudolf Fabian , Aguzzi Adriano , Frontzek Karl
Published: March 2021

The corona virus disease 19 (COVID19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a worldwide health crisis. A rigid test, trace and isolate strategy is obstructed by a global shortage in lab supplies such as RNA extraction kits, RT-PCR reagents or other consumables. We opted to develop a cheap and easily scalable molecular Sars-CoV-2 test. Nasopharanygeal and/or throat swabs and subsequent quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) are the current gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2. Swabs need to be taken, however, by skilled personell and exposure to infected individuals poses a serious health risk to health care professionals. Here, we describe a protocol for high-throughput Sars-CoV-2 detection from self-collected saline gargle samples, a rapid (collection to result < 3 hours), scalable (up to several 1'000 samples per day) and sensitive (10 copies Sars-CoV-2 per reaction) molecular test that based on self-collected saliva. Unstimulated saliva after wake-up or fasting for 1 hour is collected by gargling with common saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Saliva is stored in plastic buckets without additives and is stable even after 12 hours at 4°C plus at least one freeze-thaw cycle. When compared to the best available method for Sars-CoV-2 detection, our protocol reaches a positive percent agreement of 95 % and a negative percent agreement of 98.9 % at a cost of ca. 5 $ per test. Rapidly scalable, molecular detection of Sars-CoV-2 from saline/saliva mixtures using alternative reagents could help reduce disease burden when implemented in a test, trace and isolate regimen.
Reliability assessment of wind turbine generators by fuzzy universal generating function
Authors: Huang Tudi , Xiahou Tangfan , Li Yan-Feng , Qian Hua-Ming , Liu Yu , Huang Hong-Zhong
Published: March 2021

Wind power has been widely used in the past decade because of its safety and cleanness.
Double fed induction generator (DFIG), as one of the most popular wind turbine generators,
suffers from degradation. Therefore, reliability assessment for this type of generator is of
great significance. The DFIG can be characterized as a multi-state system (MSS) whose
components have more than two states. However, due to the limited data and/or vague judgments from experts, it is difficult to obtain the accurate values of the states and thus it inevitably contains epistemic uncertainty. In this paper, the fuzzy universal generating function
(FUGF) method is utilized to conduct the reliability assessment of the DFIG by describing
the states using fuzzy numbers. First, the fuzzy states of the DFIG system’s components
are defined and the entire system state is calculated based the system structure function.
Second, all components’ states are determined as triangular fuzzy numbers (TFN) according
to experts’ experiences. Finally, the reliability assessment of the DFIG based on the FUGF
is conducted.
Çarpma yükü etkisinde sandviç plakların şekil optimizasyonu
Authors: SAVAŞ Sedat , BAKIR Dursun
Published: March 2021

Çarpma yükü altında plakların davranışı statik yüklemelerin aksine farklılık göstermektedir. Cismin plağa çarpma anında ve cisim plaktan teması kestikten sonrada plaktaki gerilme dağılımları değişmektedir. Yaptığımız çalışmada bu gerilme değişimlerini hesaba katarak iki plak levhası arasına konulan çekirdek malzemesi geometrisinin şekil optimizasyonu amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla önce mekanik özellikleri bilinen polipropilen sandviç levha üzerinde çarpma deneyi yapılmıştır. Deney sonucunda plakta oluşan çökme değeri sınırlayıcı olarak seçilerek plaklar arasındaki şeklin geometrisinin optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Yapılan optimizasyon hesaplamaları ANSYS LS-DYNA paket programına ait APDL programlama dilinde yazılmıştır.
Alüvyon Özelliklerinin Homojen Dolgu Barajların Stabilitesine ve Kazı Derinliklerine Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Uğur Şafak
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışma da, sıkı ve yumuşak alüvyon temeller üzerine oturan 30m yükseklikteki homojen kil dolgu bir barajın, memba ve mansap şevlerinin stabilitesine, şev eğimlerine ve temel sıyırma kazılarının derinliğine alüvyon özelliklerinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları baraj güvenliği ve kazı-dolgu maliyetleri açılarından değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde, alüvyonun sıkılık derecesi düştükçe, kayma yüzeylerinin alüvyona kadar nüfuz ettiği ve minimum güvenlikli kayma yüzeylerinin daha derin ve büyük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, bu tür alüvyonlarda baraj altında sıyırma kazılarının daha derin yapılmasının daha sağlıklı olacağı ve ayrıca dolgu şevlerinin de daha yatık yapılmasının uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır. Alüvyonun sıkılığı arttıkça şev kayma yüzeyleri sığ kalarak alüvyon zemine nüfuz etmemekte, alüvyon temelin yüzeyine yakın ve baraj dolgusunun içerisinde kalmaktadır. Bu nedenle, sıkı alüvyon temeller üzerine oturan baraj dolgularında temelde az bir alüvyon sıyırma kazısı yapmanın yeterli olacağı sonuncuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca, baraj dolgusunun memba mansap şev güvenliğinin, yumuşak alüvyon zeminlerde olduğunun tersine, sıkı alüvyon zeminler üzerine oturan homojen kil dolgu barajlarda daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür.
Bitlis İli Şartlarında Merkezi Isıtma Sisteminde Kullanılan Farklı Yakıt Türlerinin Ekonomik ve Çevresel Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ORAL Faruk , ELHUVEYDİ Ali
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde artan enerji maliyetleri ve binaların ısıtılması sonucu ortaya çıkan zararlı gaz emisyonları, binalarda enerjinin verimli, tasarruflu ve çevresel kirliliği azaltacak biçimde kullanılmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Bitlis il merkezinin de içerisinde bulunduğu Rahva yerleşkesinde kurulmuş bulunan Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi personel lojmanlarından bir binanın ısıtılmasında kullanılan farklı yakıt türlerinin enerji tasarrufu, ısıtma maliyeti ve oluşan karbondioksit emisyonları incelenmiştir. İzolasyon olarak, binada mevcut olan izolasyonda dahil edilerek toplamda üç farklı izolasyon tipi seçilmiştir. Isı kaybının ve ısıtma enerjisi ihtiyacının belirlenmesinde, TS 825’te belirtilen standartları kapsayan ısı yalıtım programı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda; hâlihazır binada ısıtma sezonları için kullanılan yakıtlar dikkate alındığında, hem teorik hem de gerçek yakıt tüketim maliyeti ile CO2 emisyonunun en düşük değeri doğalgaz yakıtında meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu binada fueloil yakıtı yerine doğalgaz kullanılması durumunda yakıt tüketim maliyeti oranlarının teorik olarak %46 gerçekte ise %64 düştüğü ve CO2 emisyonu oranlarının ise teorik olarak %63, gerçekte ise %61 düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçta; binada ısı yalıtımı kullanımının ısı kayıplarını dolaysıyla gerekli ısı ihtiyacını önemli oranda azalttığı, gerçek yakıt tüketiminin teorik yakıt tüketiminden fazla olduğu, en düşük maliyetli, en tasarruflu ve en çevre dostu yakıtın doğalgaz yakıtı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Kars İli Sarıkamış İlçesi İçme Suyu Arıtma Tesisi Giriş ve Çıkış Su Kalitesinin Aylara Göre Değişiminin İncelenmesi
Authors: İRDEMEZ Şahset , ÖZGER Hacer , EKMEKYAPAR TORUN Fatma , KUL Sinan
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada Kars ili sınırları içerisinde yer alan Sarıkamış Belediyesi İçme Suyu Arıtma tesisinde arıtılan suyun fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerine ilişkin tesis giriş ve çıkış değerlerinin mevsimsel olarak karşılaştırılması ve bu değerlerin içme suyu standartlarına göre değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda içme suyu numunelerinin tesis giriş ve çıkış parametreleri Temmuz 2017-Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında farklı mevsimlerde elde edilen su numunelerinden toplanmıştır. İçme suyu parametreleri; pH, sıcaklık, elektriksel iletkenlik, renk, alkalinite, nitrit, bulanıklılık, demir, organik madde miktarı, sülfat, mangan, amonyum ve alüminyum değerleri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma bulguları; TS 266 ve İnsani Tüketim Amaçlı Sular Hakkında Yönetmelik ile karşılaştırıldığında su numunelerinin sıcaklık parametresi dışında tüm su kalitesi standartlarını sağladığını göstermiştir. Sıcaklık parametresinin sonbahar ve kış aylarında (ekim, kasım, aralık, ocak ve şubat) bölgenin sert iklim koşulları nedeniyle standartlardan daha düşük sıcaklığa sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Clinical cases: acute appendicitis in newbons
Authors: Bocharov Roman V. , Pogorelko Vladimir G. , Yushmanova Anna B. , Karavaev Andrey V. , Semchenko Ekaterina A.
Published: March 2021

Aim. The goal of this study is to describe the clinical observations of acute appendicitis in two newborn infants.

This study was a retrospective analysis performed using data obtained from medical records. Two preterm infants had a gestational age of 33 weeks, a threat of pregnancy termination, rapid childbirth in one case, and a cesarean section in another. At birth, their body weights were low, 2340 and 2420 g, respectively. The condition of the babies was evaluated on the Apgar scale, and both scored 7/8 points. We studied the data of clinical, laboratory, and instrumental study data and surgical intervention protocols.

In the presented newborns, neonatal jaundice, respiratory failure of the III degree, and hypoxic perinatal damage to the central nervous system occurred from birth. On the first childs twelfth day and the second childs ninth day, they experienced a clinically acute inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity, confirmed by inflammation markers (high white blood cell counts and levels of C-reactive protein). According to the sonography of the abdominal organs, the absence of intestinal motility in the right abdominal cavity, the presence of intestinal wall pneumatosis, signs of conglomerate formation from the intestinal loops were revealed. The surgical interventions performed were a laparoscopy and a conversion to laparotomy. In both cases, inflammatory bowel changes corresponded to the course of necrotic enterocolitis, diagnosed with gangrenous-perforated appendicitis and purulent-fibrinous peritonitis. In the section, the mucous appendix was not changed.

Conclusion. The aggravated premorbid background in premature infants predisposes them to necrotic enterocolitis, which can occur in children of this age with isolated perforation of the appendix. The course of necrotic enterocolitis is complicated by the formation of purulent-fibrinous peritonitis due to the destruction of the appendix with minimal changes in its walls.
Acute period of polytrauma in children in the light of discriminant analysis
Authors: Bakovsky Vladislav B. , Golovkin Sergey I. , Kukharova Tatyana V. , Utkin Vladimir A. , Chalaya Elena N. , Shabaldin Nikita A.
Published: March 2021

Introduction. The treatment of polytrauma in children requires identifying the signs that characterize the severity of the acute period and quantifying the priorities of the parameters. Collectively, these reflect the direction of drift of the leading pathophysiological manifestations at each stage of the patient withdrawal program from a state of severe shock.

Purpose. This study uses discriminant analysis to clarify the tactics of children with polytrauma in the first days of overcoming its consequences. It is based on the pathogenetically sound idea that each of the observed parameters role, together in the form of a vector, reflects injury severity and the childs prognosis.

Materials and methods. This analysis included 45 children (34 boys and 11 girls) with polytrauma aged from 2.5 to 17 years and hospitalized in Kemerovos intensive care unit. Two groups were analyzed: the survivors and those who were deceased. Both were dominated by severe traumatic brain injury (PMT). The injury severity score (ISS) scale was used for clinical assessment of injury severity.

Results. Combined with objectively obtained data on the structure of polytrauma in the direction of drift, a successful outcome is defined as a whole. It borders on the day to day priorities, potassium, PH, white blood count, and hematocrit. Also, the vector orientation pattern was observed to increase organ failure. This progressive decline occurred despite timely surgical intervention to stop internal bleeding, very active efforts to compensate for hypovolemia, acidosis, and the use of adequate means of detoxification. The deterioration in the child's condition manifests itself by increased potassium losses against the background of almost no reaction from leukocytes.

Conclusions. The application of discriminant analysis enables the better revelation of the peculiarities of a polytraumas multidimensional dynamics in children in the first few days of resuscitation. It also permits the numerical expression of the priorities of individual parameters that describe their state, and by the severity and individual patient response in real-time to optimize treatment.
International congress of pediatric surgeons on lake Baikal
Authors: Petlakh Vladimir I.
Published: March 2021

Information from the upcoming congress of pediatric surgeons.
Comparing Artificial Neural Networks with Traditional Ground-Motion Models for Small-Magnitude Earthquakes in Southern California
Authors: Klimasewski Alexis , Sahakian Valerie , Thomas Amanda
Published: March 2021

Traditional, empirical ground-motion models (GMMs) are developed by prescribing a functional form between predictive parameters and ground-motion intensity measures. Machine-learning techniques may serve as a fully data-driven alternative to widely used regression techniques, as they do not require explicitly defining these relationships. Although, machine-learning methods offer a nonparametric alternative to regression methods, there are few studies that develop and assess performance of traditional versus machine-learning GMMs side by side. We compare the performance and behavior of these two approaches: a mixed-effects maximum-likelihood (MEML) model and a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN). We develop and train both models on the same dataset from southern California. We subsequently test both models on a dataset from the 2019 Ridgecrest sequence, in a new region and on magnitudes outside the range of the training dataset, to examine model portability. Our models estimate horizontal peak ground acceleration, and the input parameters include moment magnitude (M) and hypocentral distance (Rhyp), and some include a site parameter, either VS30 or κ0.

We find that, with our small set of input parameters, the ANN generally shows more site-specific predictions than the MEML model with more variation between sites, and, performs better than their corresponding MEML model, when applied “blind” to our testing dataset (in which the MEML random effects cannot be considered). Although, previous studies have found that κ0 may be a better predictor of site effects than VS30, we found similar performance, suggesting that including a site parameter may be more important than the physical meaning of the parameter. Finally, when applying our models to our Ridgecrest dataset, we find that both methods perform well; however, the MEML models perform better with the new dataset than the ANN models, suggesting that future applications of ANN models may need to consider how to accommodate model portability.
Calidad percibida por el ecoturista en áreas naturales protegidas. Un estudio de caso en República Dominicana
Authors: Orgaz-Agüera Francisco
Published: March 2021

El turismo se configura como un sector económico importante a nivel mundial, adquiriendo más importancia en los países en vías de desarrollo. Así, en los últimos años se ha pasado de un turismo de masas dominante a un disfrute de un turismo alternativo, que contribuye al desarrollo sostenible. Un ejemplo es el ecoturismo en áreas en vías de desarrollo. De esta manera, el objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la calidad percibida por los ecoturistas que visitan áreas protegidas República Dominicana, en concreto, en el Monumento Natural Saltos de la Damajagua, principal oferta complementaria de sol y playa en Puerto Plata. Para ello, se ha realizado un cuestionario a la demanda ecoturística. Entre los principales resultados destacar que los visitantes son generalmente de nacionalidad extranjera, que perciben una calidad elevada del servicio ofertado en esta área protegida. En consecuencia, la satisfacción es también alta, generando esto una lealtad elevada, sobre todo en el caso de recomendar el lugar. Como conclusión, esta área protegida que se gestiona en forma de co-manejo es un ejemplo de turismo sostenibl, que genera resultados positivos tanto para los visitantes como para las comunidades locales, y por tanto, puede ser implementado en otros destinos dominicanos.
Análisis de la colaboración público-privada en la aplicación de innovaciones tecnológicas en destinos turísticos. Caso de estudio: Geodestino Ría de Arousa (Galicia, España)
Authors: Caamaño-Franco Iria , Del Río Arca Minia
Published: March 2021

A partir de los años noventa, la gestión y planificación de destinos turísticos se fundamenta en la cooperación público privada de la red de agentes turísticos que operan en un territorio convertido en espacio turístico. Por otro lado, en la actualidad, existe una creciente utilización de las nuevas tecnologías de manera generalizada pero especialmente en el sector turístico donde se habla de los viajeros digitales y los turistas sociales. Partiendo de ambas premisas, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la colaboración público-privada en el desarrollo de innovaciones tecnológicas en destinos turísticos, concretamente en el caso del Geodestino Ría de Arousa (Galicia, España). Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas con los gestores públicos responsables y profesionales del sector turístico en el territorio con el fin de alcanzar el objetivo planteado. Además, la investigación se complementa con el análisis de las páginas web y el estudio de la existencia de redes sociales de las entidades o productos turísticos referidos. Los resultados obtenidos constatan que cada vez surgen más estructuras de colaboración entre agentes, dando fruto a entidades y productos turísticos que, además, usan las páginas web y los medios sociales como canal de promoción. Sin embargo, no existe una actualización diaria de las mismas y tampoco parece que tengan una estrategia social media definida por lo que, tras la exposición de los resultados, se presenta una propuesta de creación de plataforma web en la que se integren los agentes vinculados al sector del turismo en ese territorio, luego de constatar un clima favorable por las existencia de estructuras de colaboración y la presencia de los mismos en los medios sociales.
Análisis de la accesibilidad en las sedes de turismo de eventos en Barcelona
Authors: Montes Gavilán Tatiana
Published: March 2021

El presente análisis evalúa el grado de accesibilidad de las sedes de turismo de eventos de Barcelona. En la primera parte se presenta el turismo de eventos como un sector en el que Barcelona es uno de los referentes mundiales pero que se ha visto frenado por la crisis económica. Si en momentos de dificultad lo natural es buscar nuevos nichos de mercado, el turismo accesible se ha revelado como uno de ellos. El tema se aborda desde la noción de accesibilidad universal atendiendo al desarrollo conceptual al que han contribuido organismos y organizaciones internacionales de referencia pero, sobre todo, analizando la normativa legal estatal y autonómica vigente que ampara tanto a infraestructuras y servicios como a las Tecnologías de la Información. El presente trabajo analiza también si hay factores ambientales como el económico o la concienciación social que influyan en la accesibilidad. Se pretende obtener una visión global cuantitativa y cualitativa del objeto de estudio y exponer cómo y por qué  se están vulnerando las normativas legales que por derecho garantizan la accesibilidad universal.
La percepción de la autenticidad del destino cultural y su relación con la satisfacción y lealtad
Authors: Noyola Aguilar Lilia Yolanda , Campón Cerro Ana María
Published: March 2021

Hoy en día, a pesar a la crisis económica que ha surgido en los últimos tiempos en diferentes partes del mundo, el turismo se mantiene como una industria fuerte, en crecimiento y en constante evolución. Las nuevas tendencias en el sector de los viajes, se dirigen hacia el turismo cultural, con turistas interesados por la historia, el arte y con intención de vivir experiencias auténticas y genuinas. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la percepción de la autenticidad de un destino turístico cultural y su relación con la satisfacción y lealtad. Una vez analizada la literatura, se realiza un modelo teórico donde se propone estudiar las variables autenticidad, satisfacción por atributos, satisfacción global y lealtad, a través del estudio de medidas de centralidad, de dispersión y correlación de las variables. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten afirmar que existe una correlación positiva, aunque moderada de las variables. Con ello se puede continuar estudiando este comportamiento, con la finalidad de generar mayor número de conocimientos en esta línea de investigación y formular estrategias de marketing relacional para la gestión de los destinos turísticos culturales a través de la autenticidad.
Relaciones sociales y desempeño organizativo: estudio empírico en empresas del sector hotelero
Authors: Rivero Almeida Leticia , Nieves Rodríguez Julia
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es aportar evidencia empírica acerca del papel que juegan las relaciones sociales de los miembros de establecimientos hoteleros sobre el desempeño de dichos establecimientos. Un análisis de regresión múltiple se realizó para determinar qué variables pueden ser predictoras de la capacidad de un hotel para mejorar su capacidad de innovación y para lograr resultados financieros y de mercado. Los hallazgos sugieren que, tanto las relaciones sociales externas como internas, determinan la capacidad de innovación de los hoteles. Asimismo, las relaciones sociales externas influyen sobre los resultados financieros y de mercado. El estudio pone de manifiesto que los gestores deben considerar con especial atención el establecimiento de relaciones con personas o instituciones externas a la organización. Asimismo, los datos muestran que los esfuerzos realizados por las empresas hoteleras para generar espacios de interacción y comunicación entre sus empleados contribuyen a mejorar la capacidad de innovación.
Analysis of Seismic Methods Used for Subsea Hydrocarbon Exploration
Authors: Birin Ivan , Maglić Lovro
Published: March 2021

Subsea hydrocarbon exploration comprises detection and estimation of shape, depth, volume and other physical properties of hydrocarbon fields within the Earth’s subsurface layers. Marine seismic survey is a process that generally includes sending seismic waves into seabed and recording the intensity and travel time of reflected seismic waves to determine the subsurface features of the Earth. Different methods, equipment and techniques are used to conduct a survey, from sea surface seismic arrays to seabed local seismic station networks. In this paper different widely used seismic methods are presented, together with their advantages and drawbacks. Furthermore, new methods that are being developed and tested for future approach to more advanced and efficient seismic exploration are presented.