bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Health Interests and Technological Trends on the Acceptance of Wearable Technologies and Their Applications in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljohani Nasser , Alanazi Mohammad N.
Published: February 2025

Wearable technologies have developed relatively quickly in the modern years. This development has impacted the management of personal health and wellness to a considerable extent. The purpose of this study is to understand to what extent the interest of individuals in health and fitness, coupled with their general orientation towards technology, affects the acceptance of wearable technologies and related applications in the Saudi Arabian environment. Utilizing the UTAUT model, the research examines six hypotheses, revealing that health information- seeking behavior (β = 0.316, p < 0.001) and personal innovativeness in IT (β = 0.273, p < 0.001) are strong predictors of behavioral intention (BI) to adopt wearables. Performance expectancy (β = 0.186, p = 0.030) also significantly influences BI, while facilitating conditions (β = 0.267, p < 0.001) and BI (β = 0.528, p < 0.001) are crucial for actual use behavior (UB). These findings provide valuable insights for healthcare practitioners promoting wearable fitness devices, as they underscore the importance of enhancing public understanding of exercise benefits and active living. These would have significant implications for healthcare practitioners when promoting wearable fitness gadgets to the general population. In that respect, healthcare professionals could play significant roles in enhancing the general population’s understanding of physical exercise benefits and an active life by disseminating information and knowledge gained from these equipment and gadgets. Wearable technology companies can subsequently learn from and integrate such valuable inputs. At the same time, designers and marketing strategists design plans to satisfy the unique needs and tastes of the Saudi market. The results may further explain how personal health concerns and technical trends interact in embracing new, creative, health-focused solutions.
Artificial Intelligence in Education: Perspectives and Challenges
Authors: Al-Huwail Nabeel , Al-Hunaiyyan Ahmed , Alainati Shaikhah , Alhabshi Ayman
Published: February 2025

Understanding the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in academic institutions is crucial given Kuwait’s commitment to innovation and educational excellence. This study explores the integration of AI into higher education in Kuwait, revealing both positive perceptions and critical concerns. Qualitative insights from faculty and students highlight AI’s potential to improve learning across multiple academic disciplines. Quantitative data, collected from 310 students, shows that a majority of students hold optimistic views on AI’s effectiveness in enhancing educational processes and project-based activities. However, concerns were raised about the ethical implications, high costs, data privacy, and the complexity of AI tools. Importantly, no statistically significant difference was found between male and female students’ views on AI’s role in education. These findings are significant for policymakers and educators, guiding how to address practical and ethical challenges while facilitating the effective incorporation of AI into the educational system.
Mobile Application with Artificial Intelligence Assistant to Improve the Logistical Process in Pharmaceutical Companies
Authors: Menéndez Mueras Rosa , Medina Rafaile Esteban Julio , Herrera Salazar José Luis
Published: February 2025

According to the World Bank (WB), an estimated 60% of pharmaceutical companies in developing countries report significant problems in their supply chain, often resulting in delays and financial losses. The objective of this study is to develop a mobile application with an artificial intelligence assistant to improve the logistics process in a pharmaceutical company. In this sense, the Cascada methodology was used, together with various computer tools, to develop the prototype. Favorable results were obtained with respect to the criteria of functionality, usability, innovation and technology. Concluding that the application meets all the necessary conditions to mitigate the problem of the logistics process in pharmaceutical companies.
An Uncomfortable Revolution: The Official Perception of the Portuguese Revolutionary Process (1974-1975) in the People’s Republic of Poland
Authors: Drozda Jacek , Grudka Piotr
Published: February 2025

The following article traces the official political discourse of the People’s Republic of Poland on the Portuguese Revolution and the process of building democracy that followed. Although, diplomatically, Poland – an ally of the USSR – welcomed the revolution in which the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) played an important role, events in Europe’s most western country were viewed with ambivalence and even fear. While Poland was willing to establish closer economic ties with the West and although it strongly supported the policy of détente, a major sociopolitical shake-up in a NATO member state posed a problem. In this article, we examine the hopes and fears of the Polish regime, the mutual interest in cooperation, and the local Polish context: economic liberalization without democratization in the so-called ‘Gierek decade’. The upheavals in Portugal, with their radical social demands, posed a challenge to the socialist government in Warsaw, particularly as its political allies were at the vanguard of the fight for democracy. Indeed, the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) wished to present the Portuguese Revolution to society as a quest for liberal-democratic stabilization, rather than a genuine revolutionary process aimed at achieving socialism.
Fazer a revolução entre cravos e charutos: Cuba na transição democrática em Portugal (1974-1975)
Authors: Ávila Rebeca
Published: February 2025

Cuba e Portugal produziram revoluções que, a seu modo, foram paradigmas na história internacional do século XX. Utilizando fontes diplomáticas, militares, audiovisuais e da imprensa, este artigo explora o encontro destas revoluções entre 1974-1975. Reconstitui antecedentes das relações entre estes países e identifica agentes e espaços que renovaram um interesse mútuo após o 25 de Abril, refletido nas relações bilaterais e na circulação de informações e pessoas. Analisa, ainda, como o Verão Quente catalisou esta aproximação, sugerindo que as tensões da política interna portuguesa e a independência angolana condicionaram os rumos deste encontro.
Use of Metaverse in Tourism and Hospitality Services
Authors: Velmurugan R. , Sudarvel J. , Jothi K. , Thirumalaisamy Ravi
Published: February 2025

The metaverse is revolutionizing the tourism and hospitality industries by offering immersive virtual experiences, enhancing customer engagement, and streamlining operations. Through virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), travelers can explore destinations, hotels, and attractions before booking, improving decision-making. Hotels and resorts leverage the metaverse for virtual concierge services, interactive guest experiences, and digital events. Travel agencies use it for virtual tours, reducing uncertainty and enhancing accessibility. Additionally, blockchain integration enables secure transactions and digital assets like NFTs for exclusive travel perks. While challenges such as high costs and technological adoption exist, the metaverse presents a transformative shift, bridging the gap between physical and digital tourism, enhancing personalization, and fostering innovation in hospitality services.
Metaverse Mastery
Authors: Sekarini S. , Selvabaskar S.
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the growing impact of the metaverse on customer experiences in today's digital landscape. The metaverse is defined as a persistent, immersive, virtual environment that blends physical and digital realities through the use of technologies like virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain. It highlights the importance of these technologies in transforming various sectors, including retail, education, entertainment, and professional training. The metaverse enables rich, interactive experiences that enhance user engagement by providing personalized, customizable, real-time interactions within digital spaces. Furthermore, the economic potential of the metaverse is discussed, emphasizing opportunities such as virtual real estate and NFTs, which create new avenues for businesses to monetize digital assets. The chapter also addresses the role of AI and machine learning in providing adaptive and intelligent user experiences, while blockchain ensures secure ownership and transactions of digital goods.
Metaverse Marketing
Authors: Trikha Anadi , Kaushik Madhu Bala
Published: February 2025

The chapter explores the rise of virtual influencers within the Metaverse and their significant impact on marketing's future. The Metaverse, blending augmented and virtual reality with the real world, is a new frontier for brands to engage the digital generation innovatively. Virtual influencers, created through CGI with scripted personalities, have gained immense popularity and influence. The research examines the concept, origins, and psychological factors driving these digital avatars' impact on consumers. It looks at how they reshape marketing strategies through sponsored content, product placements, and brand collaborations, driving consumer engagement and purchase behaviour. The study also highlights their impact on traditional advertising and potential for hyper-personalized experiences using data analytics and AI. Finally, it addresses ethical considerations, including transparency, authenticity, potential exploitation of vulnerable consumers, and the need for responsible practices in this emerging field.
The Integration of AI in Telemedicine Transforming Healthcare Delivery and Patient Outcomes
Authors: Vashishth Tarun Kumar , Sharma Vikas , Kumar Sharad , Verma Nishtha , Vidyant Sanjukta , Kaushik Sachin
Published: February 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in telemedicine is revolutionizing healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. AI enhances diagnostic accuracy, personalizes treatment plans, and improves patient monitoring, making healthcare more accessible and efficient, particularly in remote areas. This study explores the advancements in AI technologies that facilitate these improvements, highlighting their impact on healthcare delivery. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and ethical considerations associated with AI integration in telemedicine. The findings suggest that AI-powered telemedicine has the potential to transform healthcare by providing high-quality, patient-centered care and improving overall healthcare outcomes.
Remote Monitoring and Wearable Technology
Authors: Dhawas Pranali , Gautam Neha , Ghodichor Nitesh , Patil Sandhya , Meshram Divya , Bondade Aparna Waman
Published: February 2025

Wearable devices have transformed healthcare by offering continuous, real-time monitoring of essential health parameters like heart rate, blood pressure, sleep patterns, oxygen saturation, body temperature, stress levels, and physical activity. These devices are user-friendly, wearable, and can gather vast amounts of health data, offering valuable insights into an individual's well-being. Ranging from fitness trackers and smartwatches to medical wearables, smart clothing, health patches, and smart glasses, these devices are versatile and easily integrated with smartphones or other mobile technologies for seamless health tracking. A major advantage of wearable devices is their ability to promote personal health awareness, motivating users to take proactive steps toward improving their health.
Artificial Intelligence Empowered Type-1 Diabetes Detection
Authors: Goel Jyoti , Gupta Swati , Vijarania Meenu , Vijarania Paarth
Published: February 2025

In the current research, we look into applying machine learning and deep learning techniques for the purpose of discovering Type 1 diabetes. We collected and skillfully prearranged it a dataset from credible sources to get it ready for analysis. Among the models that we considered, we opted for logistic regression, random forest, Naive Bayes, Neural Networks, Gradient Boosting and k-Nearest Neighbours (kNN), using their appropriate evaluation metrics. Amongst the models, Random Forest and kNN models performed remarkably well and attained an accuracy of 98.5% and 98.6% correspondingly. Consequently, these results brought to light the importance of the models by indicating the area of practical applications in healthcare that is connected with insufficient testing. Although further refinement and verification of the models are obligatory to be incorporated in clinical practice eventually they will improve diabetes management and patient care.
Machine Learning in Reducing E-Waste
Authors: Chandel Kavya , Ouariach Soufiane , Ahmed Saquib
Published: February 2025

E-waste is a waste which is gathered from various sources, Household sector is considered as a biggest source of generation of e-waste. E-waste consists of various components characterized as hazardous and non-hazardous components also contain approximately 1000 substances categorized in this category. E-waste is comprising of ferrous and non-ferrous metals ceramics and other items. When e-waste gets dismantled and continuously processed it jeopardizes the health environment, and surroundings. E-waste is a composition of bio accumulative and toxic substances containing like chromium, mercury, and toxic substances (Arora et al., 2024). Machine learning plays a very important role in regulating e-waste. In context to urban segments, week by week e-waste is calculated through building a prescient model, by building and creating gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT) and neutral network machine learning calculations. By incorporating machine learning, calculations will provide exact accurateness of algorithm. A convolutional neural network was created to bifurcate e-waste into different countries. These categories are as follows: cell phone, remote controller, battery, and light bulb.
Safety and Security in Autonomous Traffic Systems Management With AI
Authors: Jain Anuradha
Published: February 2025

Safety and security are critical pillars in managing autonomous traffic systems with AI, particularly in the context of smart cities. These systems integrate advanced technologies such as IoT, V2X communication, and machine learning to enhance traffic flow, reduce accidents, and optimize urban mobility. However, ensuring the reliability of these systems demands robust safety protocols to address challenges like mixed-traffic scenarios and unexpected system failures. Concurrently, cybersecurity measures are vital to counter threats such as hacking and data breaches that could compromise vehicle and infrastructure integrity. Economically the AI-driven traffic optimization reduces congestion, cuts fuel consumption, and improves productivity by minimizing travel delays. The shift to autonomous traffic systems fosters urban sustainability by decreasing emissions and promoting energy efficiency. While challenges remain in terms of public trust and regulatory frameworks, the economic and environmental benefits position these systems as transformative solutions for the future of urban mobility.
Radial artery sheath entrapment post-percutaneous coronary intervention: A rare complication and management insights
Authors: Herath Yanushka Bandara
Published: February 2025

No abstract available
Who cares? The plight of lone mothers: Social security provision and autonomy
Authors: Ntshongwana Phakama
Published: February 2025

This scholarly book aims to enhance a socio–scientific examination of social policy in South Africa, utilising interdisciplinary analytical tools that employ historical, political and socio-economic dimensions. This book presents research conducted within temporal and spatial spheres that are crucial to defining the social landscape of South Africa.
Empirical data is derived from two pivotal timeframes: a decade following the introduction of the child support grant in South Africa (in 2008) and the year 2021, influenced by the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This book presents research that is a blend of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. This approach integrates diverse epistemologies to bolster the study and offer additional insights. The qualitative component aims to deconstruct social policy-related phenomena, such as family values, work attitudes, and social assistance to uncover possible causes of success or failure.
In addition, the study focuses on the perceptions of lone mothers in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape provinces of South Africa, allowing for a detailed exploration of challenges in economic migration, given the significant population movement between the two provinces. The quantitative component is nationally representative and spans the qualitative primary research focus periods (2008, 2020 and 2021), demonstrating employment and unemployment trends from 2008 to 2021. Additional themes explored in this book include spatial inequalities, unpaid childcare, dignity and poverty.
Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking Analysis, and Biological Properties of Salvia Mirzayanii
Authors: Mahdizadehdehosta Rahman , Shahbazmohammadi Hamid , Moein Soheila , Soltani Nepton , Malekzadeh Kianoosh , Moein Mahmoodreza
Published: February 2025

Background:

Diabetes is a dangerous metabolic disorder that is becoming more common worldwide. In the present research, we aimed to analyze the chemical composition, in silico molecular docking, and evaluate the biological features of Salvia mirzayanii.

Materials and Methods:

The constituents found in the aqueous extract of S. mirzayanii leaves were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds of S. mirzayanii extract were subjected to molecular docking analysis. Screening for potential antioxidant abilities was conducted using radical scavenging assays. Alpha-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory kinetic studies were performed to evaluate the in vitro antihyperglycemic potential of S. mirzayanii. The in vivo function of S. mirzayanii extract was evaluated by examining the gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) in diabetic rats.

Results:

The major compounds in aqueous extract of S. mirzayanii were 1,8-cineole (51.6 + 2.7%), linalool acetate (22.0 + 1.9%), a-terpinyl acetate (9.3 + 0.7%), and aromadendrene (5.6 + 0.6). In silico studies indicated that 1,8-cineole was a more potent inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The liquid extract of S. mirzayanii showed considerable radical scavenging activity against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and effective inhibition of α-amylase (IC50 = 0.01 ± 0.02) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 0.11 ± 0.01). The highest antihyperglycemic activity was observed with a 600 mg/kg dose of the plant’s aqueous extract.

Conclusions:

Altogether, our findings show the possibility of applying the aqueous extract of S. mirzayani leaves as a potential therapeutic compound.
Evaluation of Incidence of Tibial Mal Rotation after Closed Tibial Intra-Medullary Nailing and its Effects on Clinical Outcomes of the Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Mousavi Hamid , Hosseini Alireza , Rostami Koushan , Shahrokh Seyedeh Ghazal , Taravati Amir Mohammad , Jafari Saeid , Abuali Mojtaba
Published: February 2025

Background:

Incidence of tibial malrotation (more than 10° of tibial rotation in comparison with contralateral tibia) following intramedullary fixation originally ranged from 0% to 6% and different complications were reported including: Cosmetic appearance concerns, impaired gait specially crouch gait when more than 30° of malrotation happens, foot adopting a pes planus position.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study was performed from January 2022 to June 2024. A total of 245 patients with tibial mid-diaphyseal fractures underwent closed intra medullary nailing and basic data including age of the patients, their genders, BMI and surgery durations and post-operative outcome variables including lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), six minute walk test (6 MWT) and SF 36 questionnaire were collected.

Results:

From 245 of the patients 237 of them were included in the study and basic data including age of the patients, their genders, BMI and surgery durations were not significantly different between two groups (P value > 0.05). Post-operative outcome variables including LEFS, 6 MWT and SF 36 questionnaire was measured and no significant difference between two groups is reported (P value > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Age, gender, BMI, and surgical time had no meaningful relationship with incidence of tibial malrotation after closed tibial intra medullary nailing. Clinical outcomes are not significantly different between two groups, which it means that tibial torsion will not affect clinical outcomes of the patients.
Investigation of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Heydari Fatemeh , Tajvidi Mahboobeh , Mohammadi Seyed Mohammad , Kamyari Naser , Mohammadshahi Faezeh , Maleki Hadis , Zeinivand Negin , Radmanesh Esmat , Pakzad Reza
Published: February 2025

Cerebrovascular diseases are caused by issues in the brain’s blood vessels, resulting in ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The association between serum lipid profile and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke has shown conflicting results in some studies. We conducted a comprehensive review and meta-analysis to investigate the potential link between plasma lipid profile and cerebrovascular disease. Our study followed the guidelines of PRISMA 2021 for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, conducting a thorough analysis. We searched multiple databases, including Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, to identify studies on lipid profiles in cerebrovascular diseases. We included studies published up to June 2021. After searching various databases, 24,346 studies were found. Finally, 36 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis estimated the odds ratio (95% CI) for different total cholesterol levels to be 1.12 (1.02–1.22). The odds ratios (95% CI) for different LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels were estimated to be 1.02 (0.98–1.07), P < 0.001, 0.97 (0.93–1.02), P < 0.001, and 1.01 (0.97–1.04), respectively. According to Egger’s test, no noteworthy publication bias was found in the meta-analysis (coefficient: −0.26, P: 0.919). According to this meta-analysis, the risk of stroke increases with the increase in total cholesterol level. It was discovered that there is no notable correlation between the incidence of stroke and varying levels of LDL, HDL, or triglycerides. Further research is required to validate these findings.
A Systematic Review on Important Risk Factors and Possible Involved Mechanisms of Medicinal Plants on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Rouhi-Boroujeni Amir Reza , Aliakbari Fatemeh , Bakhshian-Dehkordi Ehsan , Afzali Lotfolah , Rouhi-Boroujeni Hojjat
Published: February 2025

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common diseases in the industrialized world. Hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes are known to be major risk factors for NAFLD, and chemical drugs are rarely effective in treating this disease and may cause significant complications. It is believed that medicinal plants with antioxidant properties and several other mechanisms have high preventive and therapeutic effects. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effective mechanisms of plants on NAFLD and its risk factors. First, efficient plants and disease risk factors were identified; then, by reviewing scientific information sources and 6523 articles, the positive effects of plants on each risk factors were investigated. This information was recorded in checklist 1. Another 1100 articles (a total of 7623 articles) were systematically reviewed, and the mechanisms of the selected factories regarding the above risk factors were recorded in Checklist No. 2. Plants, their scientific names, family names, the used parts, and their possible mechanisms were identified in the case of 43 effective plants, and their molecular and genetic mechanisms were recorded. According to the results, 33 plants affect all four risk factors, eight of which affect three factors and two affect only two factors. In general, most of the mechanisms were in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. Identification of plants and their effective mechanisms in NAFLD will reduce the incidence of this disease and produce new potent and selective herbal medicines that inhibit each of the risk factors.
Evaluation of combined phacovitrectomy and endolaser photocoagulation in patients with diabetic retinopathy and cataract
Authors: Hegazy Hassan M. , Saliem Emad A. , Ellabany Mahmoud S.M.
Published: February 2025

Background and aim

A microvascular condition resulting from the prolonged impact of diabetes mellitus on the eye is termed diabetic retinopathy. The study’s objective was to assess the clinical outcomes, effectiveness, and safety of phacoemulsification combined with pars plana vitrectomy and endolaser photocoagulation in patients complaining of diabetic retinopathy and cataract.

Patients and methods

A prospective, randomized, interventional, comparative study will be conducted on eyes (30 eyes). The study was conducted at Al-Azhar University hospitals.

Results

In the 6th month: the postoperative final logMAR best corrected visual acuity ranged from 0.10 to 1.30 with a mean of 0.74±0.29 which ranges from 1.30 to 2.40 with a mean of 2.03±0.46 preoperatively and the final CMT ranges from 230 to 350 μm with mean 267.4667±6.1502 which ranges from 250 to 520 μm with a mean 382.6333±13.7656 preoperative (P <0.001 statistically significant in both).

Conclusion

Combined phacovitrectomy surgery was introduced first time in 1998 due to the development of surgical systems. It has a lot of advantages, for the patient including faster postoperative recovery, economic time and money, and faster visual rehabilitation. Also, the surgeon to better view the retina for delicate maneuvers, save shaving of the vitreous base, and less concern about posterior capsule rupture and lens drop.
Transactional Sex and its Drivers among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Plateau State North Central Nigeria
Authors: Afolaranmi Tolulope O. , Dogo Joy M. , Adeoye Philip A. , Ugwu Raluchukwu A. , Omokore Oluseyi A. , Wekpe Solomon , Ogunshola Olabanjo O. , Zoakah Ayuba I. , Kanki Phyillis
Published: February 2025

Background:

Involvement in transactional sex encompasses a spectrum of activities ranging from casual sex to continual professional exchange of sex for benefits. Transactional sex is driven by economic, structural, social, legal, and psychological vulnerability factors that are common among men who have sex with men (MSM) and could negatively impact the gains and mileage achieved in HIV/AIDS epidemic control. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence and drivers of transactional sex among the MSM population in Plateau State Northern Central Nigeria.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the MSM population between October 2021 and June 2022 using a quantitative data collection method. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit participants into the study. SPSS version 22 was used for data analysis with crude and adjusted odds ratios as well as 95% confidence interval used as point and interval estimates with a P ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:

The mean age of the study participants was 26.7 ± 5.4 years with 203 (42.6%) being strictly homosexual and 273 (57.4%) bisexuals. The prevalence of self-reported engagement in transactional sex was 89.9%, which was found to be driven by lack of employment in jobs (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-2.3), bisexual orientation (AOR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1-6.4), positive family history of same-sex engagement (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.8-11.6), and being married (AOR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1-8.1).

Conclusion:

This study found a higher prevalence of engagement in self-reported transactional sex being driven by lack of employment, bisexual orientation, and positive family history of same-sex engagement.
A Cross Sectional Study on the Risk Perceptions and Barriers towards Smoking Cessation in a Rural Setting in Goa
Authors: Sawant Rajat , Dias Amit , Naik Saish
Published: February 2025

Tobacco use is the leading single preventable cause of death worldwide. Every tenth adult in India currently smokes tobacco. India, in particular, grapples with a high prevalence of NCDs, surpassing previous estimations. Smoking being a well-established risk factor for NCDs it is important now more than ever to address this issue with a greater aim to alleviate the burden of NCDs in India. The study was conducted among 200 adult current cigarette smokers. Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine dependence and PHQ-9 to assess the mental health status were used. Nicotine dependence was present in 52.5% of the study participants. 152 (76%) of the study participants reported their willingness to quit smoking. The majority reported a lack of self-control and factors related to nicotine dependence as a barrier to smoking cessation. 76% of the participants had depression. A significant association was noted between nicotine dependence and depression. Current willingness for smoking cessation was found to be significant in the younger age group. A total of 74.3% of participants who were nicotine-dependent were willing to quit smoking. Individuals who had previously attempted to quit smoking were 2.7 times more likely to express a current willingness to quit. A significant proportion of current smokers are willing to quit smoking, but face multiple barriers. The younger age group and depression status were found to be significantly associated with willingness to quit. Past attempts to quit emerged as a strong predictor of current cessation intentions.
Implementing and Evaluating Risk Assessment as a New Learning Tool in Family Adoption Program: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Arulmozhi Madhivanan , Raveendran Aswathy , Ganapathy Kalaiselvan , Kandasamy Premanandh
Published: February 2025

Background:

Training and engaging undergraduates in Family Adoption Program (FAP) is challenging due to increased visits, a large batch of students, limited resources, and less community cooperation. Routinely students are involved in history taking and community diagnosis. Risk assessment has the potential to be a part of the learning tool in FAP as it has not been utilized. To explore the perceptions of students, faculty, and villagers on risk assessment tool application in FAP and understand its challenges and suggest solutions.

Methodology:

Various risk-scoring scales and screening tests were introduced to the second-year students. It was a program development and evaluation design using qualitative techniques. By purposive sampling, focus group discussions were conducted with students, in-depth interviews obtained from villagers, and written feedback from the faculty. Data were collected till information saturation and manual thematic analysis was performed.

Results:

This method showed improved student knowledge and clinical skills, enhanced communication, health education, early case identification, and management. The impact on villagers was increased awareness, improved trust in community response, and positive behavior change. Faculty perceived it as an effective utilization of visit timings with educational benefits and engaged students as it is a task- and outcome-based learning. Challenges included limited resources, community mobilization, language barriers, and insufficient training. Adequate student training and preparedness, provision of learning resources, improved patient referrals, and follow-up care were the major solutions suggested.

Conclusion:

Adopting risk assessment tool learning in the FAP curriculum facilitates better student learning and engagement, along with improved community response and patient outcomes.
Countering Oral Health Implications and Misconceptions of Vaping
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Bobhate Prateek Sudhakar , Badge Ankit
Published: February 2025

In recent years, vaping has rapidly emerged as a universal trend, especially among youth and young adults, predominantly because of the widespread use of e-cigarettes and other types of vaping devices. Vaping has been linked with multiple oral health implications, and these must be monitored among the users. Multiple misconceptions have been reported about vaping and oral health, which have played their part in the excessive use of these devices. Due to the presence of these misconceptions, users have not understood the potential adverse oral health risks posed by vaping, thereby justifying the need for better education and awareness. Acknowledging the widespread use, the existing misconceptions, and the associated harmful consequences of vaping, there is an immense need to implement targeted public health interventions to minimize the use of vaping. In conclusion, vaping has been associated with a wide range of oral health conditions; nevertheless, due to the presence of various misconceptions, these adverse consequences have been ignored. The need of the hour is to strengthen awareness activities and support them with regular dental checkups and lifestyle changes to arrest the development of oral diseases.
Role of PDGFRA-Associated miR-140 in Modulating Necroptotic Proteins in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Krishnan Reshma Poothakulath , Pandiar Deepak , Dilipan Elangovan , Inbarajan Athiban , Ramani Pratibha , Jayaraman Selvaraj
Published: February 2025

Aim:

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibits dysregulation of cell death pathways, including necroptosis. miR-140 closely regulates the pathogenesis of OSCC and also interferes with different steps of the necroptotic pathway. This study investigates the molecular interaction between platelet-derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA)-associated miR-140 and necroptotic proteins (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 [RIPK3] and mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase [MLKL]) using computational docking.

Materials and Methods:

This is an in silico docking analysis performed to elucidate the involvement of PDGFRA-related microRNAs in necroptosis in OSCC. TargetScanHuman 8.0 was used to identify the micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) and obtain their sequence related to PDGFRA. The secondary structure of miRNA was predicted using the RNAfold web server, and the 3D structure was constructed using the RNAComposer (ibch.poznan.pl). The protein structures of RIPK3 and MLKL were retrieved from RCSB PDB: Homepage and molecular docking between the necroptotic proteins and miRNA was performed with HDOCK Server.

Results:

The docking analysis revealed that hsa-miR-140-5p binds to position 59-65 of PDGFRA 3′ UTR. The sequence of hsa-miR-140-5p was determined as 23| CAGUGGUUUUACCCUAUGGUAG |44, and its secondary structure was predicted as CAGUGGUUUUACCCUAUGGUAG. HDOCK Server revealed molecular interactions between miR-140 and the necroptotic proteins. The docking analysis between miRNA and its target proteins, MLKL and RIPK3, yielded binding scores of −262.88 and −350.92, respectively.

Conclusion:

Our findings demonstrate that miR-140 binds to specific regions of RIPK3 and MLKL, potentially modulating necroptosis and influencing cancer progression. These insights could pave the way for miRNA-based therapeutic strategies targeting regulated cell death in OSCC.
A Cooperative Control Approach of Transit Signal and Trajectory
Optimization for Bus Priority at Connected Intersection
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Ma Shufang , Yu Qin , Song Wen , Peng Hongrui , Hu Yiming
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a cooperative control of transit signal priority and speed
guidance strategy for connected buses at intersections, which aims to reduce
travel delays and improve driving comfort. The connected bus could pass the
intersection with the green light while minimizing the impact on the social
traffic flow or reduce bus waiting time at intersections. The cooperative
optimal problem is described as a mixed-integer programming problem. Serval
simulation tests are conducted in SUMO platform, which is proved that the total
passenger delay is reduced and the average vehicle cumulative queue length at
intersections is reduced, and the bus travel efficiency is improved.
Privacy Risk Assessment of Travel Trajectories in Metro AFC
Data
Authors: Fan Xiaoting , Qu Xu , Yang Hongtai
Published: February 2025

The rapid expansion of metro systems in major cities worldwide has resulted in
the accumulation of vast amounts of travel data through Automatic Fare
Collection (AFC) systems. While this data is crucial for enhancing and
optimizing transportation networks, it also raises significant concerns
regarding passenger privacy due to the potential exposure of individual travel
patterns. In this paper, we propose a novel privacy risk assessment model aimed
at quantifying the uniqueness of travel trajectories and evaluating the
associated privacy threats. Utilizing AFC data from Chengdu collected in March
2021, we first employ an information entropy approach to assess the uniqueness
of travel trajectories across different time granularities. We then apply the
K-Means clustering algorithm to classify these trajectories into categories
based on their uniqueness levels, enabling us to investigate how factors like
travel time and routes influence trajectory uniqueness. To further understand
the privacy implications, we simulate attacker scenarios by replicating the
process of identifying users based on known travel trajectories, thereby
assessing the risk of privacy exposure under various time scales. Our
experimental results reveal that metro travel trajectories exhibit high
uniqueness at finer time resolutions, and that travel routes significantly
affect this uniqueness. Notably, even at coarser time granularities, nearly half
of the users remain susceptible to identification risks. These findings
highlight the critical need for effective privacy protection strategies in the
management of AFC data. The insights provided by this study are essential for
policymakers and transit authorities seeking to safeguard passenger privacy
while leveraging AFC data for transportation improvements.
Tolerances Nickel, Nickel Alloy, and Cobalt Alloy Bars, Rods, and Wire
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: February 2025

This specification covers established manufacturing tolerances applicable to bars, rods, and wire of nickel, nickel alloy, and cobalt alloys ordered to inch-pound dimensions. These tolerances apply to all conditions, unless otherwise noted. The term “excl” is used to apply only to the higher figure of a specified range.
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, Rings and Stock for Rings and Forging 45.5Ni - 25.5Cr - 3.2Mo - 3.2W - 18.5Fe (Alloy 333) Solution Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: February 2025

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of bars, forgings, flash-welded rings, and stock for forging or flash-welded rings.
Right of Peoples to Self-Determination and the Need for Compensation for Damages Due to Colonization
Authors: Paulo Sebastião
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar o direito dos povos à autodeterminação e a necessidade de indenização pelos danos causados pela colonização, apoiado na análise histórico-jurídica e política dos fatos reais ocorridos durante o período colonial, fazendo, a priori, uma abordagem geral da autodeterminação e da colonização no continente africano e, a posteriori, aprofundando-se nas questões relacionadas à indenização, já visto como uma extensão dos direitos dos povos colonizados, é o caso de Angola. Inferiu-se que, de acordo com o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana e dos direitos dos povos, a busca da compensação e da autodeterminação é para a reparação dos múltiplos danos decorrentes da colonização em Angola, e a consequente restauração da memória histórica dos povos africanos.
Impact of empathy on interpersonal communication
Authors: José Edgar , Nunda Catarina
Published: February 2025

The impact of empathy on interpersonal communication is a very relevant topic, as empathy plays a fundamental role in the way we relate and communicate with others. When we are able to put ourselves in someone else's shoes and understand their emotions and perspectives, communication becomes more meaningful. Empathy helps us avoid conflicts, promote mutual understanding and strengthen interpersonal bonds. Analyzing existing studies on the impact of empathy on interpersonal communication is the objective of this research. To do this, we used a structured bibliographical research with criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of sources, focusing on the relevance to the topic of empathy and its influence on interpersonal communication. To theoretically clarify the study, we emphasize the theory of empathy, Carls Rogers' person-centered approach. The research results demonstrate that disorders associated with a lack of empathy significantly impair social interactions and the quality of interpersonal relationships. The study presented and challenged the current paradigm, since it is common to say that communication solves everything. However, in reality, communication without the ability to empathize is flawed and does not achieve the desired objectives.
The Interaction of Religion with the Political Culture of Nigeria: Exploring the Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Benaiah Wendy Chinonyerem
Published: February 2025

This article was intended to examine the interaction of religion with the political culture of Nigeria. The positive influence of Nigeria’s  socioeconomic and political development shouldn’t be understated since its economy is one of the giant economies of Africa, and its  contribution to the continent is very significant. However, the politicization of religion has obstructed Nigeria’s progress. This study employed functionalist and conflict theories to explore the challenges and opportunities posed by religion in Nigerian politics. Similarly, a  qualitative research design was adopted. My study subjects were adult Nigerians, purposefully selected. Secondary data and literature  from various sources were collected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. This study reveals that religion can  be functional or dysfunctional depending on how it is utilized by religious practitioners. In its functional state, religion can facilitate  peacebuilding, and socioeconomic development. In contrast, the dysfunctional state of religion triggers unintended consequences that  impede socioeconomic development. By examining the interaction of religion and politics in Nigeria, this study illuminated the subtleties  and complexity of the interplay between religion and the political culture of Nigeria. It was, therefore, recommended among other things  that regulatory frameworks should be implemented to promote interfaith cooperation, and an ideal political culture that is conducive to  the socio-economic development of Nigeria.
A Philosophical Perspicacity into Environmentcentered Ritual in Ethiopia
Authors: Zewdie Mindaralew
Published: February 2025

The circle-dominated Adbar Ritual unfolds in a manner where everything in its procession comes in the shape of albo (which in Amharic  means zero or circle-like). The objectives of this research were meant to show the metaphysical implications of the albo-shapes  dominated ritual concerning the zero-point field theory of Quantum physics and to explain the significance of environment-friendly ethos  that is deeply embedded in the Adbar ritual. To this end, this study availed itself of methods that are home to philosophy. So came  in handy first and foremost was a gamut of methods that are denizens of criticality and rationality. Intent on substantiating the  metaphysical findings of the study within an Ethiopian context, I conducted fieldwork, wherein stood prominent the Adbar ritual, at  Debeso Giorgis kebele, East Arsi zone, Oromiya regional state, Ethiopia. And that was where methods of data gathering such as  unstructured interviews with key informants and focus group discussions stepped in. The study unearthed findings that hold we are  inalienably connected with the rest of the cosmological energy in the plenum dubbed zero point energy. The Adbar ritual in its Albo  (circle) centered ensemble is a cultural confirmation of the metaphysical reality that lies beyond the physical givens.
The Effects of learning through retelling strategy on reading Comprehension
Authors: Tsegaye Banchiamlak , Alemu Marew , Tesfa Agegnehu
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to exmine the effects of reading-retelling strategy on reading comprehension. To achieve this purpose, a  pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used. Students of sections were chosen at random from fourth-grade at a Meseret  primary school in Gondar city in 2023. The study included 98 students, with 49 in each of two sections that were randomly assigned to the  experimental and control groups. A reading comprehension exam was also used to collect data. Reliablity and validity of the data  gathering tool were checked and found to be significant. Following the collection of pretest data, the experimental group were given  reading comprehension lessons using a reading-retelling strategy, whereas the control group was taught reading comprehension by  conventional methods for eight weeks (16 sessions). The data were analyzed with a one-way ANCOVA. The results showed a significant  difference (F(1, 96)=18.004, p <.001, η2=.159) between experimental and control groups. As a result, the study found that the reading- retelling strategy increased reading comprehension more than the control one. The findings also suggested that the reading-retelling  strategy could be used as an alternative means of enhancing reading comprehension. It is hoped that this finding will inspire future  scholars to investigate the strategy in a variety of scenarios.
EFL Postgraduate Students’ Perceptions, and their Practices of Online Instructions in the University of Gondar: A Qualitative Case Study
Authors: Luele Solomon Admasu
Published: February 2025

This study was aimed to explore EFL postgraduate students’ perceptions, and their practices of online instructions at the Department of  English Language and Literature in the University of Gondar. In order to attain this aim, a qualitative case study research design was  employed. To collect data from EFL postgraduate students, semi-structured interview to eight postgraduate students and nine online observations were employed. The data were categorized thematically, they were analyzed accordingly. The results of the study indicated  that although EFL postgraduate students had a positive perception of online teaching and learning platforms during COVID-19, they were  unsure of its effectiveness. The findings also indicated that the practices of online instructions among EFL postgraduate students  were not effective compared to face-to-face learning. The study concluded that EFL postgraduate students viewed online platforms  positively, but they did not have positive perception towards its effectiveness. It was also concluded that EFL postgraduate students did  not practice online instructions properly. As a result, University of Gondar should encourage EFL postgraduate students to use multiple  virtual technology resources that are essential for online teaching and learning practices.