bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farklı Sıcaklık ve Tuz Konsantrasyonlarının Bazı Silajlık Mısır Çeşitlerinin Çimlenme Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: ÇAKMAKÇI Sadık , DALLAR Aynur
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışma ile Akdeniz sahil koşullarında yetiştirilen 3 silajlık mısır çeşidinin farklı sıcaklık ve tuz konsantrasyonlarında çimlenme döneminde gösterdikleri tepkileri belirlenmiştir. Deneme en uygun çeşit, çimlenme sıcaklığı ile tuz konsantrasyonunu saptamak amacıyla çimlendirme dolabında Petri kapları içerisinde planlanmıştır. Araştırma materyali olarak kullanılan silajlık mısır çeşitleri (Batem Efe, Gözdem ve Burak) Batı Akdeniz Tarımsal Araştırma Merkezi (BATEM) tarafından karşılanmıştır. Bu çeşitlere 3 farklı sıcaklık (24 oC, 28 oC, 32 oC) değeri, sabit %75’lik nem oranında, 9 farklı tuz dozu (saf su, 1500, 3000, 5000, 7500, 10000, 15000, 20000, 25000 ppm tuz) uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bölünen bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Mısır çeşitlerinin bu koşullardaki çimlenme oranları, yaş sap ağırlıkları, yaş kök ağırlıkları, kuru sap ağırlıkları ve kuru kök ağırlıkları incelenmiştir. Varyans analizi sonucunda çimlenme oranında; sıcaklık, çeşit, sıcaklık*çeşit, tuz konsantrasyonu, sıcaklık*tuz konsantrasyonu, çeşit*tuz konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklık*çeşit*tuz konsantrasyonu üçlü interaksiyonu önemli bulunmuştur. Yaş sürgün ağırlığı özelliğinde; sıcaklık, çeşit ve tuz konsantrasyonu önemli olmuştur. Bunun yanında yaş kök ağırlığında; sıcaklık, çeşit ve tuz konsantrasyonunun önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çimlenme özelliklerine bakılırken 20000 ppm ve 25000 ppm’lik konsantrasyonlarda çimlenme görülmemesi üzerine bu iki konsantrasyon istatistiki analize alınmamıştır. Aynı zamanda sürgün kuru ve kök kuru ağırlıkları ortalamaları istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmamıştır. Ortalamalara uygulanan LSD testi sonuçları toplu olarak değerlendirildiğinde çeşitler içerisinde Gözdem ön plana çıkmaktadır. Tüm çeşitlerde 24 oC ve saf su koşullarında en yüksek değerler sağlanmıştır. Denemede kullanılan çeşitlerin 5000 ppm’lik tuz konsantrasyonuna kadar fide gelişimlerini tamamladıkları görülmüştür.
İklim Değişikliğinin Trakya Bölgesi’nde Buğday Yetiştirilen Toprağın Nem Profiline Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: DEVECİ Huzur , KONUKCU Fatih , ALTÜRK Bahadır
Published: April 2019

Toprak nemi bitki gelişimini ve verimini doğrudan etkilemesi nedeniyle bitkisel üretimde önemli bir parametredir. İklim değişikliğinin toprak nem rejimini de değiştirerek tarım sektörü üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini artırması beklenmektedir. Bu nedenle iklim değişiminin toprak nemine ve dolayısıyla tarımsal üretime etkilerinin iyi değerlendirilmesi ve gerekli önlemlerin alınması gerekmektedir. İklim değişikliğinin toprak nem profiline etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, önce Trakya Bölgesi’nde buğday ekili arazide 2016-2017 gelişme dönemi iklim koşulları için SWAP modeli ile tahmin edilen toprak profili nem değerleri, ölçülmüş değerler ile karşılaştırılarak modelin kalibrasyonu ve testi yapılmıştır. Daha sonra, kısa (2020-2030), orta (2046-2055) ve uzun (2076-2085) dönemler için RegCM3 Bölgesel İklim Modeli ile A2 senaryosu kullanılarak tahmin edilmiş iklim verilerinin nem rejimine etkisi modellenmiştir. Tekirdağ Bağcılık Araştırma Enstitüsü’nde yürütülen arazi çalışmalarında sıcaklık, yağış, nem, rüzgâr hızı, global güneş radyasyonu gibi iklim verileri, iklim istasyonu (Davis Vantage Pro2); iki farklı nokta ve üç farklı derinlikteki (30, 60, 90 cm) toprak nem değerleri ise toprak nem sensörü (Meter Group ECH2O EC-5, Irrometer Model 200SS WATERMARK) ile ölçülmüştür. Modellenen toprak nem değerleri ile 2016-2017 gelişme döneminde ölçülmüş nem değerleri arasında iyi bir uyum bulunmuştur (günlük ortalama ME=0,82, r2=0,93, NRMSE=0,06). Geleceğe yönelik yapılan iklim değişikliği tahminlerinde toprak neminin, araştırma alanında buğday bitkisinin gelişimini etkileyecek düzeyde değişmeyeceği belirlenmiştir.
Tekirdağ Koşullarında Patlıcan Bitkisinin Su Kullanım Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: YENİGÜN Seda Devrim , ERDEM Tolga
Published: April 2019

Tekirdağ koşullarında farklı damla sulama uygulamaları altında patlıcan bitkisinin su kullanımına, verim ve gelişme
parametrelerine etkilerinin incelendiği çalışma, 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, 5 gün sulama aralığında
A sınıfı buharlaşma kabından ölçülen buharlaşma değerlerinin %50, 75, 100 ve 125’inin uygulandığı dört farklı sulama suyu
uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın ilk yılında tüm deneme konularına 20 kez sulama uygulaması ile birlikte 283.0
ile 693.0 mm arasında, denemenin ikinci yılında ise 19 kez sulama uygulaması ile birlikte 293.0 ile 693.0 mm sulama suyu
uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, deneme konularında bitki büyüme mevsimi boyunca ölçülen bitki su tüketimi değerleri
2015 yılında 466.2 ile 837.0 mm, 2016 yılında ise 411.7 ile 797.1 mm arasında uygulanan sulama suyu miktarlarına bağlı olarak
değişmiştir. Günlük bitki su tüketimi değerleri ise 2015 yılında 1.6 ile 9.5 mm/gün ve 2016 yılında 3.0 ile 9.7 mm/gün arasında
değişmiştir. Deneme konularından elde edilen toplam pazarlanabilir verim değerleri, birinci yıl 33.4 ile 47.6 t/ha, ikinci yıl ise
21.80 ile 31.90 t/ha arasında değişmiştir. Verim değerleri üzerine yapılan istatistiksel sonuçlar dikkate alındığında, denemenin
her iki yılında da önemli farklar elde edilmemiştir. Sulama suyu kullanım randımanı (IWUE) değerleri denemenin ilk yılında
6.86 ile 11.80 kg/m3
, denemenin ikinci yılında ise 4.49 ile 7.44 kg/m3
arasında değişmiştir. Su kullanım randımanı (WUE)
değerleri ise denemenin ilk yılında 5.68 ile 7.16 kg/m3
, denemenin ikinci yılında ise 3.83 ile 5.30 kg/m3
arasında değişmiştir.
Sulama randımanı değerleri arasında yapılan istatistiksel analizlerde A sınıfı buharlaşma kabından ölçülen buharlaşma
değerlerinin %50’sinin uygulandığı deneme konusunun ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür
PENDIDIKAN MULTIKULTURAL DI INDONESIA: ARAH DAN MANFAATNYA
Authors: Wilhelmus Ola Rongan
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Socially and culturally, Indonesia is one of the very compounds in the world. This fact can be seen from socio-cultural and geographical life situation a very pluralist Indonesia. Aloofness and don't value one against the other in their life together are generally rooted in the social and cultural structure that does not reflect the equality tribe, race, religion, culture and between groups. Pressure and oppression perpetrated by groups of the society and culture of the majority against the minority in the field of social life, culture, economy and politics will bear the tension as well as social and cultural conflicts that are not endless and very detrimental to life together. Therefore need to be encouraged and carried out concrete efforts to develop the study of the diversity of social groups, cultures and ethnicities in order to draw up an educational curriculum of multiculturalism for the elementary school students to students in College. Education of multiculturalism can erode the attitude in addition to expected life of hypocrisy, egoistic and individualistic, but also helps a person to develop the process of identification and recognition of the reality of plurality. Multicultural education not only could produce human beings who have job skills but also the ability to understand, appreciate, and implement a live up to the values of democracy, humanity and plurality.
ORANGTUA DAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF GRAVISSIMUM EDUCATIONIS DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI SISTEM PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Supriyadi Agustinus
Published: April 2019

The first and primary educator for the child is the parents. As first and foremost educators, parents reveal the fundamental authority to educate their children. Educate children they should do, because they are parents. The task and the call of parents in educating their children is a task and a call that should not be replaced by anyone. No matter how great the other party in educating but will not be able to channel life to the child fully and intrinsically. They are unlikely to be able to fill the heart and soul of the child in building a complete relationship between the child and the parent and vice versa. The education that is the responsibility of the parent is an education that reflects a purpose. The purpose of education is essentially: the fostering of the human person as a whole, as both personal and social beings, within the framework of his final destiny. By looking at the purpose of education, it is not enough for parents to only form a child to be smart/clever, but also need to form a child's person to be a whole person. Laws that require parents to educate children, need to get support from the government well so that parents are able to carry out these obligations well too.
Three New Combinations in the Genus Prunus s.l. (Rosaceae) from Iran
Authors: Nejad Falatoury Atiye
Published: April 2019

Three new combinations in Prunus L., i.e., P. ghahremanii (Maroofi, Attar & Vafadar) Falatoury, P. paradoxa (Dehshiri & Mozaff.) Falatoury, and P. yazdiana (Mozaff.) Falatoury, are proposed for Iranian species initially placed under Amygdalus L. or Cerasus Mill., and the situation of Prunus in the Flora of Iran is discussed.
A RELAÇÃO COM O SABER, O DESEJO PELA DOCÊNCIA E O SENTIDO DA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE MATEMÁTICA DA REDE PÚBLICA ESTADUAL CEARENSE
Authors: Clemente Célio de Mendonça , Souza Denize da Silva
Published: April 2019

Este artigo faz parte de uma pesquisa em fase de conclusão do mestrado acadêmico em Ensino de Ciências Naturais e Matemática pela Universidade Federal de Sergipe/UFS e propõe uma discussão sobre a relação com o saber do professor de Matemática de três escolas da rede estadual cearense a partir dos móbeis que os levaram à escolha pela docência nessa área, implicando no seu “desejo de ser professor” e do sentido da formação continuada, para esses sujeitos. O estudo baseia-se na perspectiva charlotiana (a relação com o saber) buscando, a partir dos relatos dos sujeitos, compreender a relevância que esses professores dão sobre a formação inicial e continuada como parte contributiva para a sua atuação docente no Ensino Médio e na área de Matemática. A coleta de dados foi realizada com aplicação de questionários aos professores e realização de três encontros de grupo focal. A relação com o saber desses professores se apresenta na sua dimensão epistêmica quando, após as discussões e debates dos grupos focais, eles demonstram mudar suas compreensões; e nas dimensões identitária e social, quando apresentam uma mobilização quanto à formação continuada fora da escola.Palavras-chave: Relação com o saber. Formação inicial e continuada. Professor de Matemática.
ANÁLISE DE ERROS COMETIDOS POR ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO AO RESOLVER QUESTÕES DE MATEMÁTICA FINANCEIRA
Authors: Da Fonseca Simone de Jesus , Amorim Marta Élid
Published: April 2019

Este artigo é resultado de uma dissertação de mestrado que teve o propósito de identificar as dificuldades dos alunos na resolução de problemas em Matemática Financeira bem como, analisar os erros cometidos por eles. O estudo envolveu 39 estudantes do 3º ano do Ensino Médio de um colégio estadual do Alto Sertão Sergipano. A coleta de dados contou com a aplicação de dois questionários, ambos envolvendo os mesmos assuntos de Matemática Financeira. No entanto, este trabalho visa apenas fazer uma análise dos erros cometidos no primeiro questionário, cujas questões apresentam os dados explícitos no enunciado. Para tanto, foi utilizada a Análise de Erros (Cury 1994) e o Modelo de Movshovitz-Hadar, Zaslavsky e Inbar (1986, 1987) citado por Cury (2007), com a finalidade de conhecer e categorizar os tipos de erros cometidos na resolução das questões. Nessa análise, detectamos que a maior dificuldade enfrentada está relacionada a erros técnicos, que envolvem erros de cálculos e manipulações algébricas. Isso nos mostrou como o déficit nas operações reflete na aprendizagem dos demais conteúdos matemáticos, o que nos faz acreditar que é necessário preparar o aluno para interpretar suas estratégias de resoluções, identificar seus próprios erros e superar suas dificuldades para não persistir usando estratégias erradas.
ALGUNS ESPAÇOS MÉTRICOS COMPLETOS NA TEORIA DE EQUAÇÕES DIFERENCIAIS PARCIAIS
Authors: Teixeira Daniela Mota
Published: April 2019

No texto é mostrada a completude de alguns espaços importantes no estudo de esquações diferenciais.
Sobre alguns resultados de D'Alembert
Authors: Medeiros Luiz Adauto , Milla Miranda M. , Louredo Aldo
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo de divulgação faremos uma descrição suscinta de alguns resultados matemáticos obtidos por D'Alembert, bem como uma pequena resenha biográfica dele.
Formação Inicial em Pedagogia: um estudo sobre conhecimentos relativos à proporcionalidade
Authors: Garcia Silva Angelica Da Fontoura , Cândido Alexsandro Soares , Pietropaolo Ruy Cesar
Published: April 2019

O propósito deste artigo é analisar como futuras pedagogas identificam situações proporcionais e não proporcionais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada em uma universidade particular da Grande São Paulo. A coleta de dados realizou-se por meio da proposição de duas situações problema apresentadas em um questionário – de caráter diagnóstico. A análise de dados fundamentou-se na investigação de Ball, Thames e Phelps e nos estudos que versam sobre o raciocínio proporcional. As respostas das participantes indicaram que a maioria delas identificou situações proporcionais, todavia não reconheceram a não proporcionalidade. Considera-se que tais limitações poderiam também comprometer outras categorias do conhecimento profissional docente.
The Path of Fiscal Management – Indian Union Budget 2019
Authors: Sharmila Devi M
Published: April 2019

India is one of the fastest growing economies of the world. India is a federal republic means it has existence of state governments as well as a Union Government. By the nature of the organization of the country, the Union Government is powerful than the state governments. It was always an interesting event to watch the Union Finance Minister placing the budget on the floor of the Parliament on the last day of February every year. This paper attempts to analyze the fiscal management in the Union Budget of India for the year 2019-20 which was presented on 1st February 2019.
Mobile Banking Services and Customer satisfaction with reference to ICICI Bank - A Study
Authors: Manjula Bai H
Published: April 2019

This paper is designed to study the extent of the recent developments in the mobile banking system in India.,to know the optimistic and pessimistic influence of mobile banking on the customers of ICICI bank. For the purpose of study, the researcher has selected 50 respondents who have familiar with the modern technology of mobile banking. It particularly focused on the problems or the benefits availed from the mobile banking provided by ICICI bank. All levels of customers were surveyed by using questionnaire and the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction from the mobile banking was studied. Finally the detail information about the benefits they had received were also considered. A small attempt have been made to understand the benefits of the mobile banking and also the limitation of mobile banking was studied with reference to ICICI Bank. Finally, it makes an attempt to offer suggestions to the bank to educate much more about mobile banking to its customer. This paper is designed to study the extent of the recent developments in the mobile banking system in India., to know the optimistic and pessimistic influence of mobile banking on the customers of ICICI bank. For the purpose of study, the researcher has selected 50 respondents who have familiar with the modern technology of mobile banking. It particularly focused on the problems or the benefits availed from the mobile banking provided by ICICI bank. All levels of customers were surveyed by using questionnaire and the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction from the mobile banking was studied. Finally the detail information about the benefits they had received were also considered. A small attempt have been made to understand the benefits of the mobile banking and also the limitation of mobile banking was studied with reference to ICICI Bank. Finally, it makes an attempt to offer suggestions to the bank to educate much more about mobile banking to its customer.
Forming System and Income Security: A Case of Areca nut Farmers
Authors: Tigari Harish , Rajamma S
Published: April 2019

India is an agriculture-based country, most of the people depending on that, for leading their life. In a rural area, people will be followed a variety of farming system, in that areca nut is one of the major commercial crops in Karnataka and it has the never-ending list of uses. It took place in all religious, social, and cultural functions. Although the production of areca nut is localized in a few states, the commercial product of areca nut is widely distributed all over the country and is consumed by all classes of people. Areca nut, economy is currently facing crises from several fronts keeping this background the present study was in hiriyuru.  Due to the reason of rainfall, the production will be very less, in that situation government will support to the areca nut farmers, in terms of providing subsidies or bank loans and controlling the price fluctuation, these factors positively impact on development farming system of areca nut farmers. Recurrent crash in the prices of areca nut and server past and disease attacks on the palms are the serious problems in the traditional areca nut-growing regions besides, scarcity of labor or carry out various form operations in time becoming a major deterrent in areca nut cultivation in recent years. This situation called for intervention by the government, in the form of minimum support price (MSP) to provide stability to areca nut economy during 2002, similarly, unplanned areca nut explanation, impact surge, recurrent legal intervention in the use of some of the value added areca nut product like gutka and pan masala have been treating the very survival of areca nut economy. These have put in jeopardy the livelihood security of millions of farmers and workers depending on areca nut cultivation and marketing in India
Practical Implications of Game Theory and Consumer Rights
Authors: DhanyaShankar K S
Published: April 2019

Game theory is the formal study of conflict and cooperation. Game theoretic concepts apply whenever the actions of several agents are interdependent. These agents may be individuals, groups, firms, or any combination of these. The concepts of game theory provide a language to formulate structure, analyse, and understand strategic scenarios. Supermarkets are one such industry which is characterized by narrow profit margin and cut throat competition which had necessitated the need for the formulation and implementation of strategic decision. This interplay of decision making is similar to that of a game. This game of strategy can be used to test the real world theoretical implications of game theory. Thus from this context there arises the need of a study to test the game theory against the experimental evidences of real world economy and the analysis of the implications of game theory in experimental economics.
A Study on the Determinants of Expenditure Incurred for Agricultural Workers for Illness Related to Health Hazards in Theni District, Tamilnadu
Authors: Sangamithra A , Arunkumar P
Published: April 2019

Agricultural work all over the world is hazardous, resulting in a large number of injuries to farmers or even death. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), the agricultural sector is one of the most hazardous to health worldwide (ILO, 2000). Olatunji et al. (2013) pointed out that the productivity of farmers is affected by some occupational hazards and health problems such as Malaria, musculoskeletal disorders, farm injuries, yellow fever, Diarrhoea diseases, respiratory diseases and skin disorder (Olatunji SO, 2013). They usually get low wages, conditions of work put an excessive burden on them, and the employment which they irregular. Their income is low, and employment is unequal. Since they possess no skill or training; they have no alternative job opportunities either. Health system in our country is bogged down with some of chronic maladies like inappropriate budgetary allocation and a “top-down” hierarchy with multiple levels of operation which have led to compromise in effectiveness and quality of the services. Out of pocket expenditure becomes a burden for the poor especially when they have to spend vast amounts from their disposable income. The financial burden borne by people with healthcare and their families as a result of their disease depends on their economic status. In the poorest countries, people with health and their families bear almost the whole cost of the medical care they can afford. Besides excess healthcare expenditure, chronic diseases impose great economic burdens in the form of loss of productivity and foregone economic growth.
Models of Metacognition
Authors: Thenmozhi C
Published: April 2019

Thinking is a common process. Cognitive ability includes knowledge, memory and metacognition.  Knowledge requires memory. These two are inextricably linked. Parents and teachers need to encourage children to take an active role in their learning and show them how to use what they know to the best advantage. Cognition is primarily a mental process. A successful theory of cognition would answer both the epistemological and biological questions. The purpose is to put forward a theory of cognition, that should provide an epistemological insight into the phenomenon of cognition. The concept of metacognition involves knowledge and control of self and control of the process. A metacognitive process consists of planning, strategies, knowledge, monitoring, evaluating and terminating. The Automation of Cognitive and Metacognitive Processes, Social and Emotional aspects of Metacognition, Domain General Versus domain specific Metacognitive Skills. Mata cognition, Intelligence and adaptive behaviour, Ann Brown distinguished between knowledge about cognition and regulation of cognition, Private Speech and Development of Metacognition is the models of metacognition.
Concept of Teaching
Authors: Rajagopalan Isola
Published: April 2019

Edmund Amidon defined teaching as "an interactive process, primarily involving classroom talk which takes place between teacher and pupil and occurs during certain definable activities". Davis et al., Gagne et al. have contributed significantly in defining this concept and their views could be summarized as follows: Teaching is a scientific process, and its major components are content, communication and feedback. The teaching strategy has a positive effect on student learning. It is always possible to modify, improve and develop. The new teaching-learning activities, and hence the flexibility is in-built into the system; and "The terminal behaviour of the learner in terms of have pointed out that the entire structure of teaching has four steps such as Planning of teaching, Organization of teaching, Identification of suitable teaching and Managing teaching. The article deals with characteristics and related activities concerned with teaching.
Enhancement of Learning Science among Students with Mild Intellectual Disability Employing Accessible Technology: Feasible or a Challenge?
Authors: RathnaKumar D
Published: April 2019

Learning is a unique process for each learner, affected by many instructional and learning factors. Exploring the process of learning is an ongoing expedition, never ending and challenging as well. It is learnt that no individual, particular strategy, method or approach is appropriate for helping intellectually disabled students in learning or achieving all competencies including Learning Science. Every disability, however mild or moderate, imposes on the individual certain functional limitations. Technology helps to mitigate such limitations thus promoting learning. An accessible assistive technology permit either no or minimal adaptation by students with disabilities in the use of technology in the academic settings. The techniques of accessibility are based on recent technologies and design strategies to allow more flexible use of content and easier implementation of dynamic methods and models in instruction. Technology oriented learning environment employing Accessible Technology ensures educational equity by providing access and equitable learning opportunity through personalized and differentiated instruction which can accommodate each learner’s needs and preferences.
Self-Employment and Economic Empowerment: A Case of Pot Makers
Authors: Tigari Harish , Ashwini K P
Published: April 2019

As we know the self-employment is the opportunity of creating platform for the development of each in their ways. It develops the confidence level and helps to explore them self without restriction and conditions. The self-employment is a key element for the development of economic empowerment. It creates values in the society and makes everyone equal. It provides opportunities for both men and women they are equally contributing for the development of economy, so the pot makers are the best examples for the self-employment development. Here this research mainly focused on pot makers and collected information from history to the modern era. In history pot playing an important role and it used for many traditional purposes but now plastics become compotators for this pot. So it is diminishing the value and percentage of self-employment ratio.
Plasma Motion inside Flaring Regions Revealed by Doppler Shift Information from SDO/EVE Observations
Authors: Cheng Zhixun , Wang Yuming , Liu Rui , Zhou Zhenjun , Liu Kai
Published: April 2019

Plasma motions within flaring regions provide key information for us to understand the flare processes. Here, we study two X-class flares near the solar disk center, one on 2014 January 7 and the other on 2012 March 7, by using 10 extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission lines from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/EUV Variability Experiment (EVE). The EVE plasma dynamic spectrum chart, a 2D map of Doppler shift against temperature and time, is constructed based on a spectroscopic analysis of the EUV lines. Three kinds of plasma motion are identified in the plasma dynamic spectrum charts: chromospheric evaporation (100–200 km s−1) above 1 MK, cooling inside post-flare loops (approximately 150 km s−1) between 0.3 and 1 MK, and condensation at footpoints (<30 km s−1) below 0.3 MK. We find that the chromospheric evaporation and condensation at footpoints started in the impulsive phase almost simultaneously, while the cooling occurred later in the gradual phase, with a time delay of more than 10 minutes, probably implying the timescale of evaporation movement and heat loss. Atmospheric Imaging Assembly observations and differential emission measure (DEM) analyses suggest that the cooled plasma moves downward within the cold transition region (TR) loops, from top to feet, which are below the hot coronal loops. Besides, the reversal temperature between blue/redshifts is close to 1 MK, implying that the boundary of upflowing/downflowing plasma is located at the lower corona or the upper TR.
Metal-poor Stars Observed with the Automated Planet Finder Telescope. I. Discovery of Five Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars from LAMOST
Authors: Mardini Mohammad K. , Li Haining , Placco Vinicius M. , Alexeeva Sofya , Carollo Daniela , Taani Ali , Ablimit Iminhaji , Wang Liang , Zhao Gang
Published: April 2019

We report on the discovery of five carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars in the metallicity range of −3.3 < [Fe/H] < −2.4. These stars were selected from the LAMOST DR3 low-resolution (R ∼ 2000) spectroscopic database as metal-poor candidates and followed up with high-resolution spectroscopy (R ∼ 110,000) with the Lick/APF. Stellar parameters and individual abundances for 25 chemical elements (from Li to Eu) are presented for the first time. These stars exhibit chemical abundance patterns that are similar to those reported in other literature studies of very and extremely metal-poor stars. One of our targets, J2114−0616, shows high enhancement in carbon ([C/Fe] = 1.37), nitrogen ([N/Fe] = 1.88), barium ([Ba/Fe] = 1.00), and europium ([Eu/Fe] = 0.84). Such chemical abundance pattern suggests that J2114−0616 can be classified as CEMP-r/s star. In addition, the star J1054+0528 can be classified as a CEMP-rI star, with [Eu/Fe] = 0.44 and [Ba/Fe] = −0.52. The other stars in our sample show no enhancements in neutron-capture elements and can be classified as CEMP-no stars. We also performed a kinematic and dynamical analysis of the sample stars based on Gaia DR2 data. The kinematic parameters, orbits, and binding energy of these stars show that J2114−0616 is member of the outer-halo population, while the remaining stars belong to the inner-halo population but with an accreted origin. Collectively, these results add important constraints on the origin and evolution of CEMP stars as well as on their possible formation scenarios.
Cell Cycle Inhibition of Ethylacetate Fraction of Zanthoxylum Acanthopodium DC. Fruit against T47D Cells
Authors: Satria Denny , Silalahi Jansen , Haro Ginda , Ilyas Syafruddin , Hasibuan Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: The use of medicinal plants is increasing in several decades for relief many diseases. Indonesia consists of thousands of islands with various plants and the manners of the community using plants as a treatment for every disease traditionally.
AIM: Cytotoxic activity of ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium fruit was tested towards T47D breast cancer cells.
METHODS: The in vitro cytotoxic activity was performed by MTT assay, and the result was expressed as the IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration), and cell cycle inhibition was investigated by flow cytometry to assess the inhibition in every phase of cell cycle, and the role of expression cyclin D1 and p53 in cell cycle inhibition were performed by immunocytochemistry.
RESULTS: EAF was showed to have high activity with a value of IC50 48.94 ± 0.32 µg/mL. EAF of 25 µg/mL caused cell accumulation at G0/G1 (60.48%) and in a control cell (51.69%) and decreased expression of cyclin D1 and increased expression of p53.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study provided scientific support for further investigation on compounds in Z. acanthopodium fruit which in the future could be used for medication.
Evaluation of Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin (TIP) Regimen on Penile Cancer in Adam Malik Medan: A Single Center 2 Years of Experience
Authors: Sitompul Ardiansyah Periadi , Prapiska Fauriski Febrian , Warli Syah Mirsya
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Penile tumour is a rare tumour in the genitourinary system, account for 0.4-0.6%. Although rare, patients are often unaware and come in late stage, so the use of chemotherapy agents is becoming crucial.
AIM: This study was conducted to evaluate responses and overall survival rate of Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin (TIP) regimen in penile cancer with nodal involvement.
METHODS: We included all medical records of penile squamous cell carcinoma patients associated with nodal involvement who acquired TIP regimen in Adam Malik Hospital between 2014 and 2016. We administered 175 mg/m2 of Paclitaxel on day 1, 1200 mg/m2 of Ifosfamide on days 1 to 3, and 25 mg/m2 of Cisplatin on days 1 to 3 as our standard TIP regimen. The regimen was re-administered every 21-28 days. Characteristics of the patient including age, history of circumcision, races, primary lesion of the tumour and TNM staging were noted. Adverse event, clinical responses, and overall survival were assessed and evaluated.
RESULTS: We extracted data from 17 patients of penile cancer with nodal involvement who acquired TIP regimen with a mean age of 44.18 ± 11.13 years old from our medical records. Only 10 patients completed the full 4 cycles of the regimen. Four patients died before completion, two patients refused to continue the regimen, and 1 patient is still on the second cycle. Total penectomy was the most frequent procedure had taken, and clinical stage T4 and N3 was the most findings at initial diagnosis. There was no complete response noted. Six patients were noted as partial response, and 1 patient was noted as progressive disease. The Kaplan-Meier curve shows an overall 6 months (95% CI: 4.4-7.6 months) of survival with a median of follow-up time was 7 (1-11) months. In subgroup analysis, we found that the responder group has significantly better overall survival than the non-responder group (log-rank test, p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel, Ifosfamide, and Cisplatin (TIP) regimen give significant clinical benefit in penile cancer with nodal involvement.
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Sadeghi Mohsen , Kiani Arda , Sheikhy Kambiz , Taghavi Kimia , Farrokhpour Mohsen , Abedini Atefeh
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Abdominal compartment syndrome patients suffer severe obstacles such as kidney failure and shock. To evade further complications, identifying the abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), in critically ill individuals and hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) is obligated.
AIM: The current study intended to study the abdominal compartment syndrome and the concomitant risk factors among hospitalised patients in ICU, by using the Intra-abdominal pressure test.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty-five hospitalised patients at ICU entered the current survey. Abdominal pressure was measured by standard intravesical technique. The SPSS 21 analysed the preoperative and intraoperative factors such as demographic records and comorbidities.
RESULTS: Seventy-three (58.4%) participants were males, and 52 (41.6%) were women in the mean age of 55.1 ± 18.3 years. Eighty-nine patients (71.2%) showed normal intra-abdominal pressure since 31 patients (24.8%), and 5 patients (4%) developed IAH and ACS. The intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) applied to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Acute Physiology, shock, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), central venous oxygen saturation and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score (P < 0.05). Patients with high IAP have shown a higher mortality frequency, compared to others (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Current findings showed a correlation between IAP hospitalised patients in ICU and shock, SIRS, APACHE II, central venous oxygen saturation and GCS. Intra-abdominal pressure test, as a valuable prognosis test for the abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), may offer better results when added to the routine medical checkup of ICU patients.
The Effect of Supplementation of Calcium on Prevention of Pre - Eclampsia in Pregnant Women at Kuta Baro Community Health Center Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Anita Anita , Ramli Nurlaili
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal death in Indonesia. Prevention of the incidence of pre-eclampsia is believed as one of the optional treatment that can be done by consuming calcium supplementation
AIM: This study aimed to investigate procalcitonin levels in non-small cell lung cancer patients.
METHODS: Observational study with prospective cohort design with a quantitative approach was conducted to see the validity and re ability of the question. The population was pregnant women in Kutabaro Health Center in 2018 who were pregnant women > 20 weeks from the appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria of a total of 29 respondents. The intervention group who were given calcium and about 58 pregnant mothers were assigned for the controlled group. The sampling technique was the Multistage sampling method/ sampling, using purposive sampling and Total Population. Analysis of data using uni-variable, bi-variable and multiple variables. The statistical test used Chi-Square (c2) at the significance level of p < 0.05. To see the magnitude of the risk with the Relative Risk (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS: A total of 68 lung cancer patients fulfilled the criteria of this study, 55 men (80.9%) and 13 women (19.1%). The highest percentage of cytology/histopathology type found was adenocarcinoma (80.9%), and 60.3% of those were diagnosed in stage IV. An increased procalcitonin level (greater than 0.01 ng/mL) occurred in 80.9% of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients. It appears that the higher the stage of lung cancer, the lower procalcitonin levels would be, although it was not statistically significant. There was no association between lung cancer subtype with procalcitonin levels.
CONCLUSION: An increased level of procalcitonin may be an indication not only for infection but also for NonSmall Cell Lung Cancer.
Association Between Bispectral Index (BIS) Value and Postoperative Shivering in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery
Authors: Yousefi Moghadam Manijeh , Nemat-Shahi Mohammad , Dowlat-Abadi Bardia , Safari Seyed Ehsan , Yajan Saeed
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Postoperative shivering is one of the most common adverse effects after general anaesthesia.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring value and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar city, from August 2017 to September 2018. Patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery, using general anaesthesia, were enrolled. Recording of the depth of anaesthesia using BIS monitoring was started exactly 5 minutes after intubating the patient and continued until the discharge from post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). The incidence of postoperative shivering was evaluated using a scale proposed by Crossley and Mahajan.
RESULTS: A total number of 80 patients were evaluated. 32.5% of patients experience postoperative shivering grade 2, with mean BIS score 41.85. The univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between shivering score and patients' heart rate, blood pressure, BIS score, temperature, age, height, gender and blood cell distribution width (RDW) (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate a significant positive association between BIS value and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, so that, patients with higher BIS score experienced significantly more postoperative shivering. It seems that BIS-guided anaesthesia can reduce the risk and incidence of postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.
Neuroprotective Activity of Evolvulus alsinoides & Centella asiatica Ethanolic Extracts in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Yadav Mukesh Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Singh Manish , Mishra Shashank Shekhar , Singh Anurag Kumar , Tripathi Jyoti Shankar , Tripathi Yamini Bhusan
Published: April 2019

AIM: To carry out the comparative nootropic, neuroprotective potentials of two medicinal plant species.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: For neuroprotective activity; behavior models (elevated plus maze & morris water maze), in vivo antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation & reduced glutathione), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6 & TNF-α) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) assessment procedures followed at different dosages i.e. 250 & 500 mg/kg of Evolvulus alsinoides and Centella asiatica ethanolic extracts. At the end of the study, it was performed histopathological analysis of the following organs: brain, heart, liver, and kidney.
RESULTS: In oral administration of different doses of ethanolic extracts of both medicinal plants i.e. Sco + EEA 250 = 2.49 ± 0.29 , Sco + EEA 500 = 2.67 ± 0.36, Sco + ECA 250 = 2.33 ± 0.17, Sco + ECA 500 = 2.77 ± 0.21, Sco + EEA + ECA 250 = 2.61 ± 0.32 and Sco + EEA + ECA 500 = 2.79 ± 0.16 U/mg of protein respectively against the scopolamine induced group Sco (control) = 5.51 ± 0.35 U/mg of protein extracts shows neuroprotective and nootropic activity with reducing AChE level in the brain homogenate of swiss albino mice.
CONCLUSION: Since the E. alsinoides & C. asiatica are already used in traditional Indian medicine as the neuroprotective agent and also found promising effects over inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activity. The neuroprotective effect of both plants extracts attributed to inhibition of AChE activity and improve the spatial memory formation.
Arthroscopic Assisted Reduction and Internal Fixation of Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Zawam Sherif Hamdy Mohamed , Gad Ahmed Mahmoud
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Tibial plateau fractures present an important entity in orthopaedic fractures. Arthroscopic-assisted reduction and internal fixation is a good alternative to ORIF as it has the advantage of direct visualisation of the articular surface of the plateau, direct assessment of the reduction of the articular surface, and managing any associated intra-articular pathology.
AIM: Our study aim is to determine the results of arthroscopic assisted reduction and internal fixation of tibial plateau fractures.
METHODS: This study involved 25 patients with tibial plateau fractures presenting to the emergency department of Cairo University Hospitals between the periods of November 2016 and May 2017. The patients were followed up for an average of 14 months (11-18 months). According to Schatzker’s classification, five patients had type I, eleven had type II, and nine patients had type III fractures.
RESULTS: The average time to full union in Schatzker type I was 9.1 weeks, in type II was 10.2 weeks, and in type III it was 9.4. The mean clinical Rasmussen score among the 25 patients was 26 (range, 24-30). A group of 19 patients (76%) had excellent results, (4 type I, 8 types II, and 7 types III) 6 patients (24 %) had good results (1 type I, 3 types II, 2 types III). Radiologic results were excellent in (14 cases) 56.0% and good results (11 cases) 44%.
CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic assisted reduction and fixation of tibial plateau fractures have the advantages of checking the adequacy of reduction, avoiding the need for detachment of the meniscus, and allowing for accurate diagnosis and management of associated knee injuries. Therefore, we recommend that arthroscopic assisted reduction and fixation of tibial plateau fractures should be used more often.
Diagnostic Value of Platelet–To-Lymphocyte Ratio in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Adhyatma Kharisma Prasetya , Warli Syah Mirsya
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated the promising value of platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) in prostate cancer.
AIM: This study was conducted to evaluate its pre-biopsy values in predicting prostate cancer.
METHODS: We included all benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) patients who underwent a prostate biopsy in Adam Malik Hospital between August 11th 2011 and August 31st 2015. The relationship between pre-biopsy variables which could be affecting the percentage of prostate cancer risk was evaluated, including age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and prostate volume (EPV). The PLR was calculated from the ratio of related platelets with their absolute lymphocyte counts. The values then analysed to evaluate their associations with the diagnosis of BPH and PCa.
RESULTS: As many as 298 patients consisted of 126 (42.3%) BPH and 172 PCa (57.7%) patients are included in this study. Mean age for both groups are 66.36 ± 7.53 and 67.99 ± 7.48 years old (p = 0.64), respectively. There are statistically significant differences noted from PSA (19.28 ± 27.11 vs 40.19 ± 49.39), EPV (49.39 ± 23.51 vs 58.10 ± 30.54), PLR (160.27 ± 98.96 vs 169.55 ± 78.07), and NLR (3.57 ± 3.23 vs 4.22 ± 2.59) features of both groups (p < 0.05). The AUC of PLR is 57.9% with a sensitivity of 56.4% and specificity of 55.6% in the cut-off point of 143 (p = 0.02). Besides, the NLR cut-off point of 3.08 gives 62.8% AUC with 64.5% sensitivity and 63.5% specificity. We asked for permission from the preceding authors of Indonesian Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator (IPCRC) and calculated its value from 98 randomised patients consist of 45 (45.92%) BPH and 53 (54.08%) PCa. We found a comparable value between PLR/NLR with IPCRC in predicting prostate cancer (AUC of 67.6%, 75.3%, and 68.4%, respectively) with a statistically significant difference of all value in both groups (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: PLR gives promising value in predicting prostate cancer in suspected patients. We suggest a further prospective study to validate its diagnostic values so it can be used as applicable routine calculation.
The Effect of the Nursing Care Model Based on Culture to Improve the Care of Malnourished Madurese Children in Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Abdul Aziz Alimul , Uliyah Musrifatul
Published: April 2019

AIM: The purpose of this study is to analyse the usage of nursing care model based on culture to improve parenting practices related to malnutrition among Madurese children.
METHODS: This study uses a quasi-experimental design and a purposive sample of 102 respondents from families with toddlers who suffered from nutritional deficiency. The sample consisted of an intervention group (n = 51) and a control group (n = 51). Data were collected using a questionnaire and weight measurement.
RESULTS: A t-test found a difference between all of the variables of care, including health technology utilization, when comparing the following variables between the intervention group and the control group (t = 14.12, p < 0.001), beliefs and philosophy (t = 10.20, p < 0.001), cultural values and lifestyle (t = 13.63, p < 0.001), economic reasons (t = 0.20, p = 0.837), nursing action response based on culture (t = 11.28, p < 0.001), and care behaviors for children (t = 16.43, p < 0.001). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test found a difference between pre-intervention nursing care model based on culture and post-intervention nursing care model based on culture regarding the variable malnutrition status (t = 16.43, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: This study found that the application of nursing care model based on culture affects care practices. Nursing care model based on culture can be applied to families with toddlers who are malnourished because of the lack of a culture of care.