bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low-temperature partial oxidation of ethanol on Ni/ZnO catalyst
Authors: Lapin N. V. , Grinko V. V. , Bezhok V. S. , Vyatkin A. F.
Published: July 2019

The paper investigates the partial oxidation of ethanol process in a quartz microreactor at atmospheric pressure in the temperature range 300–450 °C on a nickel catalyst (20 wt%) deposited on zinc oxide. Rectified ethanol (an azeotropic mixture of 95.6 wt.% ethanol and 4.4 wt.% water) is fed into the reactor at a rate of 0.4–1.3 g / hour by a peristaltic pump, first into the evaporator, and then as a gas phase into the reactor. Air is used as a source of oxygen which is supplied by an air pump to the reactor and its flow is controlled by a rotameter so that the oxygen-ethanol molar ratio varied between 0.45 and 2.0. The nickel catalyst is prepared by impregnating industrial zinc oxide powder with nickel nitrate, followed by calcination and reduction of nickel oxide to metallic nickel. Analysis of gaseous products is performed on a Tsvet-500 gas chromatograph. The detector is a katharometer.

A catalyst Ni/ZnO developed earlier is shown to have high efficiency in the partial oxidation of ethanol at low temperatures. The main products of this process are hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and dioxide. With an increase in the oxygen-ethanol molar ratio, the hydrogen content in the products of the process decreases (from 60 to 25 vol.%), carbon dioxide, on the contrary, increases (26 to 65 vol.%). The hydrogen yield is 1 mol per 1 mol of ethanol at a temperature of 450 °C.

Carbon monoxide is observed with a low ratio of oxygen-ethanol (up to 0.85). With a higher ratio, carbon monoxide is absent in the entire temperature range studied. The conversion of ethanol proceeds intensively and already at a temperature of 450 °C ethanol is converted almost completely. A high methane content (20–30% vol.%) in reforming products indicates that the initial stage of the process is the oxidation of ethanol followed by decomposition of the resulting acetaldehyde into methane and carbon monoxide.

The insignificant water content in the supply mixture leads to an almost complete absence of a shift reaction. Carbon monoxide is then oxidized with oxygen to carbon dioxide. The reduced methane content in comparison with the process of water-steam ethanol reforming can be explained by its partial oxidation to carbon dioxide, which explains the high content of the latter in reforming products.
Development of a regenerated carbon dioxide absorber for human life support systems during long space flights
Authors: Posternak N. V. , Ferapontov Yu. A. , Erokhin S. N. , Donskikh V. V. , Alehina M. B. , Muhamedieva L. N. , Pakhomova A. A. , Tsarkov D. S.
Published: July 2019

In the development of life support systems for long-term space missions, the most important tasks are the absorption of carbon dioxide from the air, the production of carbon dioxide with a concentration above 98 %, and the production of oxygen from carbon dioxide by the Bosch – Sabatier process. To solve these problems, a regenerative carbon dioxide absorber adapted to space flight conditions is required. The article proposes a new method for the production of chemosorbents based on hydrated zirconium oxide using polyacrylates as a binder and polymer matrix. The regenerated absorber of carbon dioxide for its application in space flights must meet the regulatory requirements of sanitary-chemical and toxicological safety of materials intended for the equipment of inhabited sealed rooms, be resistant to radiation and to the effects of mold. In the study of the processes of “sorption – desorption” of carbon dioxide, we have established the relationship between the technological parameters of the synthesis of chemosorbents and the kinetic parameters of the processes of mass-sorption of sorbate in the “sorption – regeneration” cycles. It is found that the optimal weight ratio of the “adsorbent – filler/polymer matrix” 89÷94/11÷6 is optimal in terms of the performance characteristics of the developed absorbers. It is shown experimentally that the main operational characteristics of the developed materials do not change under experimental conditions during 2000 “sorption – regeneration” cycles. The resulting chemosorbents are investigated by physicochemical analysis. Employing methods of gas chromatography and chromatomass spectrometry, we have conducted sanitary and chemical studies and toxicological assessment of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the components of gas release of the developed regenerated carbon dioxide absorber and air-gas mixture formed during the regeneration of the regenerated carbon dioxide absorber. Also we have carried out microbiological tests of samples of the regenerated absorber of carbon dioxide for resistance of material to influence of mold mushrooms. The results obtained confirm the possibility of using the developed materials in life support systems of manned spacecraft for deep space exploration.
Heavy metals analysis in some freshwater and marine fish species from markets of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Hadyait M.A. , Ali A. , Salim S. , Shahzadi M. , Bhatti E.M. , Pasha U.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Muscle portion of 72 fish samples of eight selected species, four from marine (Pampus Chinensis, Otolithes ruber, Trachipteridae and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and four from fresh water (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Rita rita and Walago atu) fishes were collected from three superstores in Lahore, Pakistan. The prepared fish samples were analyzed for determination of Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) concentrations by using the inductively coupled plasma (PerkinElmer, Model: Optima 7000DV ICP-OES). It was found that Cd (0.294±0.001 mg/kg) concentration was the highest in Labeo rohita collected from Metro Superstore while the lowest level (0.023±0.000 mg/kg) was in the Oncorhynchus tshawytscha of the same superstore. Species wise concentration of Cd varies significantly. Concentration of Cr (0.172±0.001mg/kg) was the highest in Oncorhynchus tshawytscha collected from Main Fish Market of Lahore while the lowest level (0.002±0.001mg/kg) was in Labeo rohita collected from Hyperstar superstore. Concentration of Pb (0.057±0.000mg/kg) was the highest in Oncorhynchus tshawytscha collected from Metro Superstore while the lowest (0.012±0.001mg/kg) in Otolithes ruber of the same superstore. Species wise concentration of Pb varies non-significantly. Origin wise t-test shows that: a) Cd concentrations vary significantly, while Cr and Pb concentrations vary non-significantly when marine and fresh water species were compared. b) The range of Pb (0.011-0.057 mg/kg) and Cr (0.002-0.172 mg/kg) was within limits and of Cd (0.023-0.297 mg/kg) was higher than the WHO international standards (0.123 mg/kg for Pb, 0.050 mg/kg for Cd and 0.1 mg/kg for Cr) in most of the fish species of main Fish Market Lahore, Hyperstar and Metro store.
Boar taint and meat quality characteristics of entire male and castrated male pigs
Authors: Penchev I.G.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The aim of the present research was to study the chemical composition, technological traits and intensity of boar taint of meat in entire male (EM) and surgically castrated male (CM) pigs. The study included 46 male pigs, cross F1 (Landrace x Danube White), fattened to average live weight 90 kg. In terms of chemical composition, the higher water and lipid content of the meat of entire male pigs, compared to the meat of surgically castrated male pigs was not statistically significant. A significant difference in the meat’s technological traits – pH values, water-holding capacity, cooking losses and tenderness between the two groups of male animals ware not found. The influence of the factor “castration” was reported in trait marbling of meat (p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the values of L*, b* and Hue angle, defining the color characteristics of the meat.
Households’ consumption willingness for locally processed rice in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Ojo A.O. , Animoku O.M. , Ojo M.A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Importation of rice in Nigeria discourages local production and hinders the realization of the self-sufficiency goal of the Nigerian Government. With improvement in processing technology and information on its health benefits, consumers of rice are gradually shifting ground for locally produced rice. Hence, this paper explores the priority of local rice in household food expenditure in Kogi State, Nigeria. Simple randomized sampling technique was used to select a sample of 120 respondents. Primary data were sourced from civil servants within the locality. Statistical tools involved descriptive statistics and regression models for the assessment of the households’ attitude, their monthly expenditure, determinants of consumption preference and demand for local rice. The findings revealed that the majority of the households preferred local rice due to the good health benefits and palatability, among others. About 58.3% of the households spent ₦20000 – ₦40000 (1 NGN = 0.0028 USD) on food while 72.2% spent about ₦5000 on local rice monthly. Household income, household size, age, taste, expenditure on food and non-food were the main factors that affected preference for local rice. The study also indicated that local rice in the study area was price elastic and income inelastic. Increased awareness of the nutritional benefits of local rice and its quality improvement has increased the consumers’ preference for local rice in the area.
Optimal use of areas in perennial vegetable crops during first year of growing
Authors: Dintcheva T. , Boteva H. , Arnaoudov B.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. This paper tries to illustrate how intercropping increases the overall output of a cropping system and achieving much larger yields than sole crops by using environmental resources more fully over time or more efficiently in space. The research was conducted to establish the opportunity for optimal use of the growing area in perennial vegetables crops (Asparagus officinalis L., Rheum rhabarbarum L., Cynara cardunculus var. Scolymus, Levisticum officinale) by an intercropping system with annual vegetables (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis, Eruca sativa) in open field. The experiment was carried out in 2018 year in Vegetable Crops Research Institute (VCRI) Maritsa, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Crops were grown under schemes: asparagus – 200+60/50 cm; artichoke – 200+60/90 cm; rhubarb – 200+60/90 cm; lovage – 200+60/50 cm; pak choi – 55+45+45+55/20 cm and 55+30+30+30+55/20 cm; rocket – 55+45+45+55/15 cm and 55+30+30+30+55/15 cm. As a result it was determined that the use of annual crops increases efficiency of the areas in perennial vegetables during the first year of growing. Annual vegetables pak choi and rocket grown under scheme 55 + 30 + 30 + 30 + 55/20cm and 55 + 30 + 30 + 30 + 55/15cm, respectively, are suitable for an intercropping system.
Apresentação
Authors: Hessel Ana Maria Di Grado , Pesce Lucila , Furlin Marcelo
Published: July 2019

O presente dossiê apresenta pesquisas, que buscam investigar o papel das linguagens hipermidiáticas do ciberespaço, junto ao empoderamento dos sujeitos sociais contemporâneos.
Cultura indígena e tecnologias digitais da informação e comunicação: uma narrativa sobre formação e empoderamento
Authors: Cosmo de Mesquita Alexsandro , Pesce Lucila , Hessel Ana Maria Di Grado
Published: July 2019

O artigo narra uma pesquisa sobre os indígenas e o uso de tecnologias digitais. O objetivo da investigação é compreender em que medida os aspectos percebidos na construção da identidade das comunidades indígenas, durante uma experiência de formação, podem auxiliar na compreensão do papel das tecnologias para essas comunidades. O método utilizado foi a pesquisa-ação, mediante o qual o pesquisador de campo situou-se como um praticante social. A observação e o registro da experiência, em um diário de bordo, foram os instrumentos de produção de dados. Os resultados revelam que o uso das tecnologias pelas comunidades indígenas não se reduz ao entretenimento, mas se situa como empoderamento e importante instância em prol da afirmação da identidade desses sujeitos sociais.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Algılanan Sosyal Desteğin Yalnızlık Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDINER-BOYLU Ayfer , GÜNAY Gülay , ERSOY Ali Fuat
Published: July 2019

Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeyleri üzerinde demografik faktörlerin yanı sıra algılanan sosyal desteğin etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Hacettepe Üniversitesi öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır (n = 402). Veriler demografik bilgi formunun yanı sıra Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği ve UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları, kadınların yalnızlık puanlarının erkeklere oranla daha düşük olduğunu göstermektedir. Aynı zamanda, rekreasyon faaliyetlerine katılım düzeyi ve algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi yüksek olan öğrencilerin yalnızlık puanlarının düşük olduğu görülmüştür.
Time-Varying and Asymmetric Relationship between Energy Use and Macroeconomic Activity
Authors: SİVRİKAYA Ayşen , HASANOV Mübariz
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we analyze the dynamic interactions among energy use, output, capital stock and employment for the USA. Our results suggest that these interactions are time-varying and show asymmetries in terms of the one variable’s responses of big versus small and positive versus negative shocks to another variable. In particular, we find that negative energy shocks have greater impact on macroeconomic variables than positive shocks. Furthermore, small energy shocks have greater effects than big shocks. Our results also suggest that the shocks to production factors reduce energy use, implying that energy and the other factors of production are substitutes rather than compliments. These results have clear policy implications. Namely, aggressive energy saving policies might be more politically viable. In addition, the policies promoting more efficient and energy-saving capital and production technologies could help reducing energy use.
On the Characteristics of Scientific Discourse and Translation
Authors: Wei Minggao , Yu Gaofeng
Published: July 2019

The process of translation is essentially to recognize and reconstruct the textual coherence, and to a large extent, the reestablishment of textual coherence and the success of communicative function of translation attribute to the corresponding translation strategy. Illustrated by examples, this paper discusses some appropriate translation strategy in scientific discourse translation.
Studies on the Legal Translation from the Perspective of Legal Pluralism
Authors: Dai Xia
Published: July 2019

Legal pluralism has made certain theoretical development in the field of law, which has certain enlightenment on the concept and opinion of legal norms, legal system or order to the intercultural communication of legal culture. In addition to linguistics and translation field, the study of legal English should also make use of relevant legal theories to achieve beneficial interdisciplinary research. This paper focuses on the legal pluralism in the field of legal English and how to make innovative use of the theory. Facing the problems of "vacancy" and "dislocation" in Chinese legal translation, how to explore the nature of legal norms or the definition boundaries, and try to seek the enlightenment of the social system theory on legal translation.
Research on the Application of the Mind Map in English Grammar Teaching
Authors: Wang Ling
Published: July 2019

English grammar is an essential part of English learning, and it is the basis for students to grasp English. English grammar learning has become a major problem for high school students in the process of English learning. Therefore, it is particularly important to find an effective way to help students master English grammar. Mind map, which is a tool to express divergent thinking, can help people rationally utilize man’s left and right brain to improve people’s creativity and memory. Mind map has drawn Chinese educator’s more and more attention. Based on the basic goals and requirements of the new nation curriculum reform, this paper will focus on the application of Mind map in English grammar teaching, and whether applying Mind map in English grammar teaching can improve students’ interest and efficiency in grammar learning, thus becoming a feasible teaching method in the process of grammar teaching. Through this study, this paper draws a conclusion that the application of Mind map in English grammar can enhance the students’ initiative, promote the students’ interest in learning, the efficiency of learning and the ability of grasping grammar knowledge.
Presentación: el escepticismo y sus máscaras
Authors: Raga-Rosaleny Vicente
Published: July 2019

El término “escepticismo” y sus derivados goza, sin duda, de un estatuto problemáticamente privilegiado. Por una parte, en nuestra día a día hacemos un uso indiscriminado y poco preciso de la palabra, resultándonos muy familiar y absolutamente diáfana en cuanto su significado. Por otra parte, en el campo de la filosofía su caracterización suele ser negativa, entendiendo el concepto como una suerte de crítica del conocimiento o un rechazo de algún (o de todo) tipo de dogma. Sin embargo, pocas corrientes de pensamiento son peor conocidas en sus formulaciones antiguas y modernas, a la vez que tan vigentes e imbricadas con el panorama filosófico actual.
La inmoralidad de los pirrónicos
Authors: Correa Motta Alfonso
Published: July 2019

En este artículo reviso la formulación de Aristocles de la objeción de inmoralidad dirigida a los pirrónicos (apud Eusebio Praep. Ev. 14.18.18-19), así como una posible respuesta escéptica que transmite esa misma fuente (14.18.20). Con respecto a la objeción, busco mostrar que se trata de un cargo ético y no práctico, que no debe por tanto confundirse con la objeción de la apraxia. Con respecto a la respuesta, argumento que se trata necesariamente de una solución de acionaria, que deja intacta parte de la acusación, simplemente porque el pirrónico no puede ni debe admitir los términos en los que ha sido planteada.
Pritchard, D. (2016). Epistemic Angst. Radical Skepticism and the Groundlessness of Our Believing. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press
Authors: Raga Rosaleny Vicente
Published: July 2019

El libro Epistemic Angst (2016a) de Duncan Pritchard pretende, de acuerdo con una lectura predominante del pensamiento de Wittgenstein, curarnos de la angustia epistémica que producen las variedades más relevantes del escepticismo contemporáneo (Pritchard, 2016a). El libro tiene un interés innegable tanto para los que cultivan dicho campo de investigación como para los estudiosos del pensamiento tardío de Wittgenstein o para los que se sientan atraídos por una de las variantes más significativas de la teoría del conocimiento y la percepción actuales, el disyuntivismo epistémico, auspiciada de manera destacada por John McDowell (1995, por ejemplo). Adicionalmente, y de manera central, el volumen que reseñamos supone un gran aporte al vigente, y muy activo en los últimos tiempos, campo de la conocida como “epistemología de goznes”, que desarrolla los supuestos epistémicos tan sólo esbozados en Sobre la certeza, obra póstuma compuesta a partir de los últimos cuadernos del ya mencionado Ludwig Wittgenstein. Finalmente, el libro tiene un gran atractivo por el modo en que dialoga críticamente con otros proponentes de dicha epistemología, así como con los defensores de respuestas alternativas al reto escéptico, bien sean internistas o externistas.
THE IMPACT OF DOWNSIZING ON THE BANKRUPTCY OF RUSSIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Fedorova E. A. , Strelkov V. S.
Published: July 2019

Links between staff reductions and the company’s bankruptcyare identified. The empirical base of research included 650 companies (150 bankrupts) in the manufacturing industry and 1,500 companies (410 bankrupts) in the construction industry. The logit model was implemented in the center of a research methodology. According to the research it was revealed that the reduction of staff by 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% leads to the company’s bankruptcy. Moreover, the meaningful factor of bankruptcy is the change in financial, physical and intangible resources used by company to reverse negative consequences of the stuff reduction.
Alicia en el laberinto intertextual: del hipertexto a la pantalla
Authors: Falguera-García Enric
Published: July 2019

Este artículo pretende analizar el carácter intertextual de una obra clásica de la literatura infantil y juvenil como es la novela de Lewis Carroll, Alicia en el país de las maravillas. El trabajo presentado consiste en un primer apartado de introducción sobre las nociones teóricas de hipertextualidad e intertextualidad. Posteriormente, nos adentraremos en el análisis de la novela victoriana como ejemplo de texto hipertextual desde dos vertientes: por un lado el concepto de literatura dentro de la literatura que se da en la novela y por otro lado analizaremos las relaciones intertextuales que se producen entre el texto de Carroll y otras obras literarias y audiovisuales tales como la versión cinematográfica de Tim Burton o la novela de Diego Arboleda, Prohibido leer a Lewis Carroll. Finalmente, valoraremos las relaciones de Alicia con textos hipermodales, que permiten comprender mejor la novela decimonónica y ampliar el horizonte de expectativas del lector.
Comprensión de texto en E-learning: estrategias de soporte y memoria de trabajo.
Authors: Martínez Magalí , Marrujo Jonathan , Perillo Martina , González Federico , Burin Débora
Published: July 2019

Las estrategias de soporte, como elaborar el material, releer, subrayar, memorizar, o tomar notas, contribuyen a la comprensión de textos expositivos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la contribución de distintas estrategias de soporte, y su relación con la memoria de trabajo, a la comprensión de textos expositivos digitales en un entorno de e-Learning. Para ello, 224 estudiantes universitarios leyeron dos textos expositivos y completaron cuestionarios de comprensión y de estrategias utilizadas durante la lectura, a través de una plataforma de e-Learning, de forma remota. Se relevaron distintas estrategias para resolver las tareas, que fueron categorizadas en tres grupos: sólo leer y memorizar, tomar notas y estrategias digitales. Los estudiantes que solo leían pasivamente y tenían baja capacidad de memoria de trabajo comprendían significativamente menos que los que solo leían y tenían alta capacidad de memoria de trabajo; con estrategias activas no se halló esta diferencia.
Comparativa entre las preferencias de ocio de jóvenes lectores y no lectores en España
Authors: Varela-Garrote Lara , Pose-Porto Héctor , Fraguela-Vale Raúl
Published: July 2019

Los objetivos de este estudio son: describir los patrones de ocio de la juventud española (15-20 años) que tiene la lectura entre sus actividades de ocio preferidas; comparar los patrones de ocio de lectores y no lectores e identificar la existencia de patrones de ocio distintos entre lectoras y lectores. Se seleccionó una muestra representativa de 2694 estudiantes de Educación Post-obligatoria no universitaria que contestaron a un cuestionario para el estudio de sus tiempos de ocio. Los resultados indican que los lectores son pocos respecto a la población no lectora, pero que su grado de implicación en la lectura es alto. Se identifican diferencias significativas entre las preferencias de ocio de los lectores y no lectores y una importante influencia de la variable género en el estudio de los perfiles de ocio de la población lectora. Dichos perfiles son muy diferentes en lectoras y lectores. Se detectan sinergias entre la lectura y el ocio deportivo en chicas y entre el ocio electrónico y la lectura en chicos. Se necesitan más estudios para conocer en profundidad el papel que juega la lectura en el complejo sistema de actividades de ocio de la juventud.
Comparison of Nelder Mead and BFGS Algorithms on Geographically Weighted Multivariate Negative Binomial
Authors: Dewi Yuliani .S. , Purhadi - , Sutikno - , Purnami Santi. W.
Published: July 2019

Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (GWNBR) was proposed related to univariate spatial count data with overdispersion using MLE via Newton Raphson algorithm. However, the Newton Raphson algorithm has the weakness, it tends to depend on the initial value. Therefore, it can have false convergence if the initial value is mistaken. In this research, we derive estimating the mean of dependent variables of multivariate spatial count data with overdispersion, Geographically Weighted Multivariate Negative Binomial (GWMNB) and compare it to the global method, multivariate negative binomial (MNB). We use MLE via Nelder Mead and Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithms. We conduct the simulation study and application of mortality data to find out the characteristics of the methods. They show that GWMNB performs better than global method (MNB) in estimating the means of dependent variables of the spatial data. The Nelder Mead tends to be more successful in estimating the means for all locations than BFGS algorithm. Although BFGS is a stable algorithm in MNB related to the initial value, it tends to have false convergence in GWMNB. The mortality rate of infant is larger than it of toddler and preschool and also maternal. The highest deaths of infant, toddler, and preschool and also maternal tend to happen in east parts of East Java.
Automatic Rule Generator via FP-Growth for Eye Diseases Diagnosis
Authors: Kurniawan Rahmad , Ahmad Nazri Mohd Zakree , Abdullah Siti Norul Huda , Che Hamzah Jemaima , Yendra Rado , Oktaviana Westi
Published: July 2019

The conventional approach in developing a rule-based expert system usually applies a tedious, lengthy and costly knowledge acquisition process. The acquisition process is known as the bottleneck in developing an expert system. Furthermore, manual knowledge acquisition can eventually lead to erroneous in decision-making and function ineffective when designing any expert system. Another dilemma among knowledge engineers are handing conflict of interest or high variance of inter and intrapersonal decisions among domain experts during knowledge elicitation stage. The aim of this research is to improve the acquisition of knowledge level using a data mining technique. This paper investigates the effectiveness of an association rule mining technique in generating new rules for an expert system. In this paper, FP-Growth is the machine learning technique that was used in acquiring rules from the eye disease diagnosis records collected from Sumatera Eye Center (SMEC) Hospital in Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia. The developed systems are tested with 17 cases. The ophthalmologists inspected the results from automatic rule generator for eye diseases diagnosis.  We found that the introduction of FP-Growth association rules into the eye disease knowledge-based systems, able to produce acceptable and promising eye diagnosing results approximately 88% of average accuracy rate. Based on the test results, we can conclude that Conjunctivitis and Presbyopia disease are the most dominant suffering in Indonesia. In conclusion, FP-growth association rules are very potential and capable of becoming an adequate automatic rules generator, but still has plenty of room for improvement in the context of eye disease diagnosing.
Physicochemical Properties of Pectin Extracted from Selected Local Fruits By-Product
Authors: FMNA Aida , Zailan Norasmanizan
Published: July 2019

Pectin was extracted from selected local fruits by-product, which was a banana, mango, and papaya peel by using the citric acid solution as a solvent. The primary objectives of this study were to extract pectin from selected local fruits by-product as well as, to determine and compare the physicochemical properties of extracted pectin to that of commercial pectin. Pectin extracted from mango peel gave the highest yield significantly (15.4%) as compared to banana peel pectin (14.47%) and papaya peel pectin (12.77%). The physicochemical properties of pectin obtained were compared with commercial pectin. These include color, degree of esterification (DE), ash, moisture, solubility, and viscosity. The color measurement of pectin showed it has a significant difference between other types of pectin. The color parameter L (lightness) showed commercial pectin had the highest value of 89.17 significantly, yet significantly the lowest of a* (redness) value of 1.72. Hence, thecolor parameter b* (yellowness) showed that the papaya peel pectin was significantly the highest (17.65) as compared to other types of pectin. All pectins in this study were of high methoxyl pectin as the DE was found to be more than 50%. No significant difference was noted for DE between commercial pectin and both banana and mango peel pectin. As for the ash content, banana peel pectin has significantly the highest ash content of about 4.60% compared to other types of pectin. Moisture content also showed a significant difference between all kinds of pectin. Solubility analysis also indicated significant difference between all types of pectin in this study with commercial pectin to possess the highest solubility (98.37%) as compared to other types of pectin. No significant difference was noted for viscosity between commercial pectin and mango peel pectin. Based on this study, it can be concluded that pectin extracted from mango peel possess high chances to be exploited and commercialized as most of the physicochemical analysis carried out showed no significant difference to that of commercial pectin.
Use of Virtual Reality as a Tool to Overcome the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of Pensioners
Authors: Kovar Ivan
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of virtual reality (VR) on overcoming post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of pensioners suffering from anxiety disorders. PTSD is usually developed after some serious and traumatic event. This may be for example war conflict, flood, rape, fire, death, volcano eruptions, storms, car accidents, various explosions, torture, robberies or assaults. In the first part, the article deals with a theoretical description of VR itself, namely Samsung Gear VR device that was used for the VR therapy. In this part, there is also PTSD described. The main part is about the research itself, which analyzes not only the area of VR influence in overcoming PTSD but also the basic physiological body functions of respondents - the pensioners. The aim of the paper is to research whether it is possible to improve the health status of the monitored seniors through the purposeful help of VR. The results of our psychological tests after the application of the 6 months long research intervention at the time intervals are promising because there are provable decreases in depression stress. Treatment of PTSD is often difficult, take a lot of time and it is performed mostly with anxiolytics or hypnotic sleep medications. This research presents a method that could speed up therapy and also reduce the use of pharmaceuticals which is very important. Discussion and evaluation of the research are included.
Preparation and Characterization of Biopolymer Chitosan Nanofiber from Coconut Crab Shell
Authors: Rasulu Hamidin , Praseptiangga Danar , Joni I Made , Ramelan Ari Handono
Published: July 2019

The use of coconut crab shell waste as a chitosan product has the potential to be developed as a multifunctional product, especially in the form of the nanofiber. This study aims to prepare and characterization of biopolymer chitosan nanofiber from coconut crab shell. The method used in this study is an ionic gelation method using chitosan coconut crabs (chitosan CC) as the main medium, and the dispersion media is namely tripolyphosphate (TPP) with different concentrations to produce chitosan CC/TPP nanofibers. The chitosan is dissolved using glacial acetic acid 1% (v/v) low pH. Then the solution is dropped into a TPP solution with a concentration of 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 % (w/v), using a magnetic stirrer at 600 rpm for 30 minutes. The precipitate obtained is then homogenized using 30 minutes of ultrasonic at Î» 60 kHz. The characterization of nanofiber is made with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with a magnification of 10.0kV. The morphological shape of the nanofiber size average value of 73 nm - 610 nm at the concentration of chitosan CC/TPP 0.25% (w/v) and 0.03% (w/v). Particle size analysis (PSA) of chitosan CC/TPP nanofibers (D50) at 536 - 625 nm with an average polydispersity index (PI) of 1.3 - 1.7. FT-IR analysis showed that the presence of functional groups NH, OH, C-C, CH varied in the concentration of 0.03% chitosan CC/TPP with the adsorption peak at wave 3257 cm-1. X-Ray Diffraction shows that chitosan crystallinity obtained from various concentrations of chitosan CC/TPP shows amorphous properties because there are diffraction patterns with peaks between 18.06° - 19.04°. The conclusion is that the best-recommended selection is a concentration of 0.25% chitosan and 0.03% TPP to form nanofibers. The nanofiber biopolymers with the natural suspension of chitosan CC/TPP polymer produce the best pore size and can be considered as a filler in the manufacture of edible films.
Detection of Changes in Surface Water Bodies Urban Area with NDWI and MNDWI Methods
Authors: Ali Muhammad Ichsan , Dirawan Gufran Darma , Hasim Abdul Hafid , Abidin Muh Rais
Published: July 2019

Land surface water bodies, an essential part of the Earth’s water cycle such as rivers, lakes, swamp, and reservoirs, influence the global ecosystem and climate global significantly. Makassar, one of the most populated cities in Indonesia, recently experiences massive development that affects the existence of vegetation area and urban aquatic ecosystem. This study attempts to detect the urban surface water bodies and to monitor the change by using Landsat OLI TIRS. In order to extract the high accuracy of data, the image data utilized in this study was acquired by Landsat 8 OLI TIRS sensor on 14 December 2000, 27 December 2009 and 06 January 2019 from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) portal analyzed by Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). These methods are scientifically used to classify the data into two categories consisted of water and non-water objects. The result shows that in the last nine years, urban surface water bodies increased around 129.8 ha distributed mostly in Manggala area. Due to rapid urban development such as housing, makes the urban runoff concentrating in low land and creates giant swamp as well as an urban wetland. In coastal areas however decline of the water body due to dominantly by massive reclamation, housing and factory settlement. The increase of urban surface water bodies can lower the urban heat while massive development in the built-up area can worsen the urban heat.
The Demarketing of Energy Drinks Using Facebook Media: A Healthcare Perspective
Authors: Alali Haitham , Wishah Raed , Al-Weshah Ghazi
Published: July 2019

Energy drinks are becoming a growing issue worldwide, particularly amongst young adults and adolescents. Many researchers and healthcare practitioners have reported serious health problems and even some of them have reported death cases were caused by the consumption of energy drinks. Due to that concern for the health of our youth and for their wellbeing, we noticed a need to research this issue in developing countries particularly in Jordan to unravel any potential health problems. Therefore, this research explores the impact of the de-marketing approach (health education and the pressure of peer, community, and parents) via Facebook to decrease energy drink consumption in young adults and adolescents. This study uses a quantitative method; the sample was limited to adults and adolescents from 15 to 24 years old.The link of the questionnaire had been uploaded along with an introduction page to the Facebook. Only 684 usable questionnaires were obtained. The results shows that the de-marketing variables such as health education and both community and parents' pressure have a significant impact on the respondents' intention to stop consuming energy drinks. On the other hand, there is no significant impact of peers' pressure on the respondents' intention to stop consuming energy drinks. Thus, the study proposes some applicable recommendations as a starting point to apply measures in order to avoid health problems that are related to risky consumption and unawareness of energy drinks side effects.
A Rare Cause of Breast Mass: Granular Cell Tumor
Authors: DEMİRLİ ATICI Semra , SALİMOĞLU Semra , SAĞLAM Buğra , GÜL Gülen , AYDIN Cengiz
Published: July 2019

Granular cell tumor is a rare type of soft tissue tumor originated from Schwann cells and often affecting head and neck region. Granular cell tumor, which may have many different organ involvements in the body, can rarely observed in breast tissue. A 57-year-old postmenopausal woman underwent excisional biopsy in another health facility due to a palpable rapidly growing painless mass on her left breast. Re-excision with wide surgical margins was performed to the patient whose biopsy was reported as granular cell tumor of breast with positive surgical margin. Postoperative follow-up was uneventful, and the patient was discharged without complication. Wide local excision should be performed to prevent local recurrence in the surgical treatment of granular cell breast tumor, which is similar to breast carcinoma in both radiological and clinic appearance. In this case report, we aimed to present diagnosis and treatment of granular cell tumor with current literature knowledge.
A New Generation of Submersible Electrical Motor Protectors with a Dynamic Labyrinth for Operation in Aggressive Environment with High Concentration of Free Gas and Solids
Authors: Trulev A.V. , Timushev S.F.
Published: July 2019

In this work, the authors study the problems associated with the operation of oil wells using electric centrifugal pumps. The authors acknowledge the negative factors that lead to an increase in solids concentration in the upper part of the submersible electric motor protectors, higher possibility of end seal failures and shortening of service life of serial products. The replacement of a gravitational labyrinth by a dynamic one in the upper part of the motor seal protector is one of the ways to improve the reliability of the protector in the operational environment with high concentration of gas and solids. The proposed seal protector design makes it possible to considerably increase the estimated efficiency of solids separation (by 300 times), improve reliability, as stable running is ensured even after the failure of end seals, and reduce the mounting length by 25–40 %, resulting in cost saving and improved maintainability as fewer parts are used. This conceptually new operation principle facilitates the creation of a new generation of highly reliable seal protectors, capable of working effectively in challenging well conditions. Thus, the new design should supersede all serial motor seal protectors in conventional wells and add a market segment in complicated wells.
Disadaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system in relation to sleep and coping behavior in students of northern medical institute
Authors: Shalamova E. Yu. , Ragozin O. N. , Bochkarev M. V.
Published: July 2019

The aimof the study is to assess the relation between hemodynamic parameters and coping behavior and sleep in order to maintain health of students of the northern university.Design and methods. We examined 96 students of the northern medical university (61 females). During academic days, we performed ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure (ABPM) 24 h + 10–120 minutes. We analyzed following parameters: mezors of heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and pulse blood pressure (BP), mean BP, Kerdo autonomic index (KI), functional change index (FCI); hypertension time indices of SBP (TI SBP) and DBD (TI DBP) (%), variability of SBP (Var. SBD) and DBD (Var. DBP); night dipping of SBP and DBP (%). We assessed coping behavior. The sleep was assessed using the subjective characteristics of sleep questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10.0 and Excel 2013 software.Results. We found optimal/normal values of mean BP and intersexual differences among students. Female students in all periods showed higher rates of HR and sympathetic influences; males had higher SBD, higher TI SBP during day and night, higher SBP variability at night, and tended to develop isolated systolic hypertension. Parameters and dynamics of the vascular component of BP are in normal ranges. We did not find significant intersexual differences in mechanisms of the vascular regulation. Cardiovascular system regulation in males depended on the sleep and coping, and it was more autonomous from behavior in girls.Conclusions. One of the most effective and affordable ways to prevent cardiovascular diseases during the university education is the consistent training of students in adaptive behavior in a situation of psycho-emotional stress and recommendations on sleep hygiene. Greater efficiency of the learning adaptive coping behavior can be expected in males, and male gender is one of the non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular pathology.
PENGARUH KEJADIAN WASTE DENGAN PENDEKATAN LEAN HOSPITAL TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS INSTALASI FARMASI MELALUI PENGENDALIAN PRODUKSI DI ERA BPJS
Authors: Nadhir Yany Khoirurakhmawati , Fitriasari Nikmah , Rahmatika Fiella , Luciana Dya , Purba Iqbal Syaidul
Published: July 2019

Background: Change in claim payment of Healthcare and Social Security Agency (BPJS) requires hospitals to improve the management using lean hospital approach. Hospital pharmacy installation attempts to reduce waste and control production costs to increase profitability. Objective: The study aimed to know the effect of waste events with lean hospital approach on the profitability of hospital pharmacy installation in XX Hospital through production costs control. Method: The study used quantitative observational research design with cross sectional study. The research was carried at XX Hospital in July-August 2018. The number of respondents was 36 obtained from total sampling technique.Then, Partial Least Square (PLS) was applied to analyze the obtained data. Results: The PLS results showed that waste had a direct negative effect on production costs control (0.727) while it had positive direct effect on profitability (3.757). Production costs control had positive direct effect on profitability (19.422). Waste did not significantly affect profitability through production costs control (-0.726). Conclusion: It can be concluded that waste decrease can increase production costs control. Effective and efficient production costs control can increase profitability. The more waste decrease results in the higher profitability.

 
Terapi dengan Dinydroartemisinin Piperaquine (DHP) dapat Mencegah Terjadinya Anemia Tetapi Tidak Dapat Mencegah IUGR pada Mencit Bunting yang di Infeksi Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Andriana Diah
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Infection of malaria with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy is associated with infection in the placenta and extensive adverse effects on the mother and the fetus it contains include one of them anemia in pregnant women while in the fetus IUGR occurs. Eighteen pregnant mice which were infected with Plasmodium berghei were divided into 2 groups, namely the control group and the treatment group treated with DHP. Mice are surgically removed after the 18th day after infection. Anemia was examined by looking at Hb and IUGR checked by testing the fetus. The results were found that DHP therapy in pregnant mice in Plasmodium berghei infection can prevent anemia (tcount = 1.45 ≥ ttable = 1.96) but cannot prevent the occurrence of IUGR (tcoun= 1.90 ≥ ttable = 1.96) . Conclusion DHP therapy in mice with Plasmodium berghei infection can prevent anemia but can cause the fetus to experience IUGR.

 
FIREARMS OF LESION DESTRUCTION: THE ASPECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT, THE CONCEPT OF RELATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL STOPPING ACTION
Authors: Klevno V. A. , Rasnyuk S. V. , Vladimirov V. Yu.
Published: July 2019

The article presents a comparative assessment of the relative stopping effect of firearms of limited lesion, psychological aspects of the use of non-lethal traumatic weapons. The concept of relative psychological stopping action as one of the characteristics of traumatic weapon and the method of its calculation is offered to application.
Una fuente de corriente sinusoidal para aplicaciones de bioimpedancia basado en un algoritmo de control no lineal en tiempo discreto
Authors: Trujillo Vladimir , Rengifo Carlos F. , Bravo Montenegro Diego Alberto
Published: July 2019

Sinusoidal current sources are fundamental components of electronic equipment used in bioimpedance analysis and in electrical impedance tomography. Currently, these sources are mostly implemented as analog electronic systems. The aim of this paper is to present a new approach to current sources design based on discrete-time closed-loop control systems. The experimental results are obtained by implementing the current source in a system of analog and digital programmable blocks, and using as a controller a nonlinear difference equation proposed by the authors. This controller guarantees the convergence of the amplitude of the current flowing through the load, towards a user-desired level. This new control law does not require any parametric adjustment nor knowledge of the load . The developed device is able to produce a sinusoidal current signal of a frequency ranging from 100 Hz to 120 kHz and currents from 500 Î¼A to 2 mA. The amplitude error of the current signal remained below 1% for tests performed with resistive-capacitive loads (Coleâ€™s type loads). The output impedance is frequency dependent and ranges from 410 kW to 966 kW. The total harmonic distortion is less than 5%. All the proposed system is embedded in the mixed signal device PSOC 5LP, a shunt resistance being the only external component.
Presentación
Authors: Tlalocan Tlalocan
Published: July 2019

Presentación
Gi jau "el tlacuache": una aproximación a los marcadores de unión de cláusula en un texto tepehuano del suroeste (audam)
Authors: Garcia Gabriela
Published: July 2019

El análisis del texto audam (tepehuano del suroeste) que se presenta a continuación forma parte de los recientes esfuerzos de documentación que se han llevado a cabo en la comunidad de ‘San Francisco de Lajas’ Aicham. Hasta el 2016, no se contaba con registros sistemáticos de la variante audam; por lo que gra- cias al financiamiento otorgado por Endangered Language Fund (2016) y el Proyecto UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT (IA401417, 2017), se ha logrado generar actualmente una base de datos que asciende a 30 horas de material, del cual se seleccionó la historia del tlacuache. Esta historia incluye la narración oral en lengua audam, transcripción en el alfabeto práctico, la segmentación morfológica, el glosado y la traducción al español. Además, expone una aproximación del fenómeno de unión de cláusula: i) identificando los marcadores, ii) sus sentidos, y iii) algunas diferencias que destacan en comparación con la gramática del o’dam (tepehuano del sureste).