bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prvi nalaz agavine pipe Scyphophorus acupunctatus Gyllenhal
(Coleopteara, Dryophthoridae) u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Pernek Milan , Cvetković Saša
Published: October 2022

Agavina pipa, Scyphophorus acupunctatus nađena je na otoku Hvaru na poluotoku Pelegrin te u parkovima grada Hvara i Starigrada, što predstavlja prvi nalaz u Hrvatskoj. Za sada se nije proširila na okolno područje i susjedne gradove, ali s obzirom na to da se prvi simptomi napada vide tek nakon 1 do 2 godine moguće je da je agavina pipa već prisutna i u drugim dijelovima Hvara. Agavina pipa porijeklom je iz Meksika, ali se proširila na gotovo sve kontinente. U Europi je prisutna od 2000. godine u Italiji, a nakon toga pronađena je i u Španjolskoj, Cipru, Nizozemskoj i Velikoj Britaniji. Glavni domaćin joj je agava, a u Europi dolazi još na vrste iz roda Yucca i porodice Dracenaceae. Očekuje se širenje ovog štetnog organizma na otoku Hvaru te širenje na druge otoke i obalu. S ciljem što ranije detekcije ovog štetnog organizma na novim područjima preporučuje se vizualno praćenje simptoma napada te primjena feromona.
Optimización de carga de vehículos eléctricos con asistencia solar fotovoltaica y almacenamiento de energía
Authors: López Llamas Antonia , Vivas Venegas Carlos , Rodríguez Rubio Francisco
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo aborda el problema del modelado y gestión de una estación de carga inteligente para vehículos eléctricos (EVCS) que sea adecuada para la carga rápida y ultrarrápida de CC al tiempo que proporciona un estrés mínimo en la red eléctrica. La estación de carga se gestiona de forma que sea alimentada por energía fotovoltaica (FV) o por la red eléctrica, con el soporte adicional de un sistema de almacenamiento basado en batería. Se explora una estrategia de control de horizonte deslizante formulando el problema como una optimización mixta cuadrática entera (MIQP) para gestionar de forma eficiente la política de intercambios de energía de la instalación. Complementariamente, para mitigar la fuente de incertidumbre sobre la demanda de energía y la producción solar se han utilizado estrategias de predicción basadas en machine learning. Las simulaciones ilustran la viabilidad de la estrategia de control propuesta y su mejor comportamiento en relación a estrategias heurísticas.
Control distribuido para el consenso del estado de carga en una microrred ac aislada
Authors: Merchán Riveros María Camila , Albea Carolina
Published: October 2022

En este trabajo se presenta el diseño de un algoritmo robusto de control distribuido para los lazos de control primario y secundario en microrredes AC en modo aislado. El lazo de control secundario es diseñado a partir de la teoría de sistemas multi-agentes con el objetivo de conducir a un consenso los estados de descarga de los sistemas de almacenamiento de las baterías. Igualmente, un lazo de control primario es diseñado en función de un “droop control” modificado y un doble lazo de control convencional para establecer las referencias de los inversores. Ademas, esta estrategia distribuida asegura robustez con respecto a cualquier evento “plug-and-play” que se presente. Consecuentemente, los controladores propuestos mejoran aspectos cruciales de las microrredes: alta eficiencia, fiabilidad, robustez, y escalabilidad. El resultado de control fue validado por medio de resultados de simulación para diversos escenarios de una microrred.
Uso de la tecnología blockchain para el intercambio de energía en comunidades energéticas usando control predictivo distribuido
Authors: Sivianes Manuel , Zafra-Cabeza Ascensión , Bordons Carlos
Published: October 2022

En los últimos tiempos, la combinación de altos precios de la energía y precios más asequibles de las instalaciones de energías renovables domésticas, ha impulsado el desarrollo de comunidades energéticas para producir, consumir, almacenar, intercambiar y vender energías. Estas comunidades generalmente se implementan en forma de grupos de consumidores o entidades que colectivamente consumen y generan energía y, desde el punto de vista de la red eléctrica, suelen adoptar la forma de microrredes. No obstante, el uso de arquitecturas distribuidas conlleva un mayor intercambio de datos e información de control entre los agentes finales, lo que puede implicar problemas de seguridad o privacidad. En este contexto, la tecnología blockchain surge como una solución factible que promete sistemas transparentes, a prueba de manipulaciones y seguros en un ecosistema descentralizado. Este trabajo propone una plataforma de gestión energética distribuida que aprovecha la tecnología blockchain para permitir transacciones seguras peer to peer (P2P). Se adopta un esquema de control predictivo distribuido (DMPC) y su rendimiento es comparado con el enfoque centralizado.
Calibración y caracterización de sensores capacitivos de bajo coste para la monitorización de humedad de suelo
Authors: Aranda Diego , Tapia Alejandro , Millan Pablo
Published: October 2022

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de calibración y evaluación de desempeño de dos sensores de humedad capacitivos de bajo coste: SoilWatch y Catnip. En primer lugar, el proceso de calibración se ha realizado atendiendo a la metodología propuesta en la literatura, a partir del cual se propone una curva de calibración basada en un modelo de regresión polinomial que relaciona las medidas de los sensores con el contenido volumétrico de humedad del suelo. Y en segundo lugar, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio detallado del efecto de la temperatura en las mediciones de estos sensores. Los resultados demuestran que las curvas propuestas prometen buenos resultados a la hora de estimar el contenido volumétrico de agua, especialmente para el sensor SoilWatch, con el que se consigue una evaluación de la humedad más precisa que la propuesta por el fabricante. Se ha demostrado además la superioridad de este sensor con respecto al Catnip, además de tener menos sensibilidad por la temperatura, aunque esta es variable.
Análisis de identificabilidad aplicado a un sistema de transferencia de calor
Authors: Sanz-Bermejo Javier , Ramirez-Laboreo Edgar , Sagues Carlos
Published: October 2022

La identificabilidad es una propiedad esencial de los modelos dinámicos cuyo estudio debe ser abordado antes de iniciar cualquier procedimiento de estimación paramétrica. Sin embargo, este análisis generalmente ha sido ignorado en la literatura con unas pocas excepciones, como por ejemplo en el estudio de los sistemas biológicos. En este trabajo, se estudia la identificabilidad estructural de un sistema de transferencia de calor, con el fin de destacar la importancia de este análisis y animar a los investigadores a tenerlo en cuenta. Con este propósito, primero se presenta un modelo de parámetros concentrados basado en la analogía térmica-eléctrica. Después, se analiza la identificabilidad del modelo haciendo uso del teorema del isomorfismo local. A continuación, se presenta el análisis correspondiente a dos posibles escenarios distintos, en uno de ellos el estado se mide completamente mientras que en el otro sólo se dispone de medidas parciales. En el primer escenario se demuestra que la estructura paramétrica propuesta es identificable, lo que permite estimar los parámetros del sistema empleando datos xperimentales. El segundo escenario se corresponde con una situación no identificable, y sirve de ejemplo de lo que podría ocurrir si esta propiedad no es analizada.
Serdülők alvásminősége az internethasználattal összefüggésben
Authors: Fusz Katalin , Bencsik Viktória , Deák András , Takács Krisztina , Pakai Annamária , Oláh András , Somlai Eszter
Published: October 2022

Jelen vizsgálatunk korábbi kutatásunk folytatása, célja a serdülők alvásminőségének felmérése az internethasználat tükrében. Keresztmetszeti, kvantitatív, leíró jellegű kérdőíves felmérést végeztünk általános és középiskolai tanulmányokat végző, 12–18 éves diákok körében (n = 308). Saját szerkesztésű kérdőívet, az alváshigiénés szabályok skáláját és az Athén Insomnia Skálát alkalmaztuk. Az Athén Insomnia Skálán átlagosan 5,39 ( 3,93) pontot értek el, a serdülők 17%-a insomniásnak tekinthető. A diákok átlagosan 1,27 (1,04) órát néznek filmet naponta, és 47%-uk több mint két órán keresztül használja az internetet naponta. Negatívan befolyásolja az alvásminőséget a napi túlzott internet­hasz­nálat (p < 0,001) és az elalvás előtti okoseszköz-haszná­lat (p = 0,002). A stressz az internethasználattal párhuza­mosan nő (p = 0,001). Akik jobban alszanak, jobban teljesítenek az iskolában (p = 0,034). A túlzott okoseszköz-használat összefügg a magasabb stressz-szinttel, a rosszabb alvásminőséggel. Célunk a szülők és a serdülők figyelmének felhívása az internethasználat csökkentésére, a romló alvásminőség lehetséges következményeire.
Clinical Spectrum and Therapeutic Management of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-Associated Macrophage Activation Syndrome
Authors: W Ammouri
Published: October 2022

Macrophage activation syndrome can be primary with a genetic etiology, or secondary, associated with malignancies, infections or systemic diseases. Its a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of autoimmune diseases. The incidence of MAS among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is not well known, as most of the previous studies were limited to a small number of case series or case reports. In recent years it has been suggested that macrophage activation syndrome in systemic lupus erythemaosus may be underrecognized because it can mimic the clinical features of the underlying disease or be confused with an infectious complication. The diagnosis of macrophage activation sydrome in adults is supported by hyperferritinemia (higher than 2000 ng/ml), and/or splenomegaly, pronounced cytopenias, hypofibrinogenemia, characteristic cytokine profile and hypertriglyceridemia. In the case of systemic lupus erythematosus flare, hyerferritinemia is the strongest indicator to differentiate them from MAS. So far, no validated and universally embraced diagnostic criteria for macrophage activation syndrome in adult secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus are available. It is important to know the parameters that can guide the clinician towards the diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome in adult with systemic lupus. Early diagnosis and intensive therapy are essential in improving clinical outcomes. Hence, we decided to write this mini- review to focus on the demographic data, on the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical and laboratory manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus associated macrophage activation syndrome.
Eradication of leukemia stem cells by inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase, EZH2 and G9a histone methyltransferases
Authors: Momparler Richard , Côté Sylvie , Momparler Louise
Published: October 2022

Complete eradication of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is required for curative therapy. Epigenetic alterations that involve gene-silencing by DNA methylation by DNMT1, methylation of H3K27 by EZH2 histone methyltransferase (HMT) and methylation of H3K9 by G9a HMT may play a major role in the development of AML. The major action of these epigenetic alterations is the silencing of the genes that program differentiation of AML cells. Inhibitors of DNA and histone methylation have the potential to reverse this block in differentiation. If tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) contain two gene-silencing markers, such as DNA methylation and H3K27me3, they may not be fully reactivated with only an inhibitor of DNA methylation, such as 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR), but may also require an inhibitor of EZH2. In support of this model is the synergistic antileukemic action as shown by a colony assay on AML cells using 5-AZA-CdR in combination with 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNep), a potent inhibitor of EZH2. A similar type of interaction can occur when TSGs are silenced by DNA methylation and the G9a methylation of H3K9me2, a second gene-silencing marker. Treatment of these AML cells with 5-AZA-CdR and BIX01294, an inhibitor of G9a, also results in a synergistic antileukemic action. Leukemic cells that contain 3 different gene-silencing markers: DNA methylation, H3K27me3 and H3K9me2 may require 3 different inhibitors for maximal antineoplastic activity. This result was observed when the AML cells were treated in with 5-AZA-CdR, DZNep and BIX01294. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that epigenetic agents that target DNA and histone methylation have remarkable antineoplastic activity against myeloid leukemia cells. The second aim was to propose a dose-schedule for these epigenetic agents that can be evaluated in a clinical trial in patients with advanced AML for its potential to eradicate LSCs. One of the most sensitive targets for chemotherapeutic intervention in LSCs is the block in differentiation due to gene-silencing by DNA and histone methylation. Epigenetic agents that have the potential to reverse this block merit clinical investigation with high priority.
The significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Authors: Walker Max , Hall Katherine , Peppercorn Katie , Tate Warren
Published: October 2022

Long COVID is now well accepted as an ongoing post-viral syndrome resulting from infection of a single virus, the pandemic SARS-CoV-2. It mirrors the post-viral fatigue syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, a global debilitating illness arising mainly from sporadic geographically-specific viral outbreaks, and from community endemic infections, but also from other stressors. Core symptoms of both syndromes are post-exertional malaise (a worsening of symptoms following mental or physical activity), pervasive fatigue, cognitive dysfunction (brain fog), and sleep disturbance. Long COVID patients frequently also suffer from shortness of breath, relating to the lung involvement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. There is no universally accepted pathophysiology, or recognized biomarkers yet for Long COVID or indeed for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Clinical case definitions with very similar characteristics for each have been defined. Chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, and disrupted energy production in the peripheral system has been confirmed in Long COVID and has been well documented in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Neuroinflammation occurs in the brain in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome as shown from a small number of positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies, and has now been demonstrated for Long COVID. Oxidative stress, an increase in reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and free radicals, has long been suggested as a potential cause for many of the symptoms seen in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, resulting from both activation of the brain’s immune system and dysregulation of mitochondrial function throughout the body. The brain as a high producer of energy may be particularly susceptible to oxidative stress. It has been shown in peripheral immune cells that the balanced production of proteins involved in regulation of the reactive oxygen species in mitochondria is disturbed in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Fluctuations in the chronic low level neuroinflammation during the ongoing course of Long COVID as well as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome have been proposed to cause the characteristic severe relapses in patients. This review explores oxidative stress as a likely significant contributor to the pathophysiology of Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and the mechanisms by which oxidative stress could cause the symptoms seen in both syndromes. Treatments that could mitigate oxidative stress and thereby lessen the debilitating symptoms to improve the life of patients are discussed.
Growth Hormone and Visual Stimulation Restore Normal Vision in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Myradova Selbi , Devesa Pablo , Guerra Joaquín , Devesa Jesús
Published: October 2022

A common problem in children affected by cerebral palsy, independently of its etiology, is the existence of visual impairment. In this retrospective study we analyzed the effects of Growth hormone (GH) administration (0,04 mg/kg/day, 5 days/week) together with visual stimulation with a tachistoscope in 42 children with cerebral palsy (22 boys, 20 girls, aged 2,48 ± 1,5 years [mean ± SD) in whom there was an evident lesion of the visual pathway. In 17 of these cases, prematurity was the responsible factor, while in the other 25 children, ischemic encephalopathy due to pre/perinatal problems was the origin of visual impairment. In addition, we analyzed three other children (1, 2 months and 1 year of age) in whom multicystic encephalopathy (due to severe hypoxia-ischemia at delivery) mainly affecting the occipital lobes was the responsible factor. Visual evoked potentials were recorded before beginning and after treatment, assessing the latency in ms of the N75, P100 and N140 waves, as well as the amplitude of the waves (µV). Treatment duration (mean ± SD) was 5.20 + 2.05 months. Completion of treatment was established by clinical criteria. The statistical significance of the data was carried out using the Wilcoxon test. The treatment induced a significant decrease in the latency of N75, P100 and N140 (p < 0.001), as well as a clear tendency to increase the amplitude of the waves (p < 0.05). Of special interest is the case of a child affected by Multicystic Encephalopathy in which the cystic cavities in the occipital lobes detected by MRI before starting treatment (15 days of age) completely disappeared in a new MRI performed 1 year later. That child is now totally independent for activities of daily living. GH treatment did not produce any adverse effects. In summary, from our results we can conclude that the administration of GH added to visual stimulation with a tachistoscope is an effective and safe method for the repair of visual deficiencies in children with cerebral palsy, regardless of the existence or not of GH deficiency.
The Effects of COVID-19 on Teaching Practices in Medical Education
Authors: LeBlanc H
Published: October 2022

Purpose: This study investigates the transition to online teaching modalities in U.S. medical schools as reported in publicly available datasets before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examines the number and types of graduate medical education (GME) programs and their instructional methods that might be appropriate for continued online teaching modalities as compared to trends in higher education, and in particular, trends in health communication instruction, such as skills training in provider-patient and medical team consultations. Materials & Method: Studies investigating or reporting trends in medical education were culled from PubMed, and additional studies regarding trends in higher education were culled from Web of Science and Communication Abstracts using search terms “COVID-19” and “education.” Publicly available data was collected from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) for years 2007-2021 (latest date available). Results: Analysis of U.S. medical programs shows a clear trend toward modification of instructional methods to online modalities as a response to COVID-19 with some intent to continue utilizing these modalities post-COVID-19. Further analysis revealed a majority of utilized instructional methods which are adaptable to online teaching and learning, with certain instructional methods not easily adaptable comprising only 5.34% of the total. Growth in the number of graduate medical education programs and medical residents in the U.S. has steadily increased over the period, whereas the number of hours core medical faculty spend in teaching activities has decreased. Discussion: Trends in medical education mirrored those in higher education in general during the period under investigation. Advances in instructional design can be applied to instructional methods used in medical programs. The greatest area of improvement gains could be attained in redesign of didactics. Conclusions/Recommendations: Results indicate that medical schools were trending towards certain teaching methodologies which can be readily delivered in an online format prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the development of new online teaching techniques resulting from the rapid transition to online teaching in 2020 throughout higher education institutions worldwide, it behooves medical societies and school to invest in research and development of online teaching methodologies for future-proofing of graduate medical education.
The “Reverse Magnet Effect” of Alpha Emitters and the Health Costs of Depleted Uranium in the Balkans: The Root of the Debt Crisis in Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain and Ireland
Authors: Pirot Florent
Published: October 2022

Very large scale health effects of the depleted uranium (DU) spreading from the Balkans can be observed through analysis of WHO DALYs data and explain the budgetary deficits at the roots of the 2010s’ debt crisis in Southern Europe (the “PIGS”, Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain) and Ireland. The countries around the Balkans suffered from DU exposure through patterns of “positive push”, the brain being constrained in its decisions by pre-existing internal contamination with alpha emitters and their positive charge repelled by the new alpha emitters of the DU strikes in the Balkans (“reverse magnet effect” from +/+ repelling). The subjects are constrained to move in certain patterns by the positive resistance coming from the area of the Balkans, clogs emerge in their bodies leading for instance to cardiomyopathies, kidney and urinary diseases, mesothelioma and other neoplasms, along with immune deficiencies and mutations causing rises in infectious diseases, and alcoholism. The slow rise in alpha activity of depleted uranium, with its decay chain pattern leading to more and more alpha-emitting atoms over time (because daughter atoms are shorter-lived) causes a “timebomb” pattern (as usual in veterans of wars with DU) with an increasing “push” effect and explains the later public debt crisis. Beyond the so-called “PIGS”, Austria suffered as well a lot from the DU fallout, with health costs and environmental damage altogether and this is shown analytically. More direct endocrine effects on the brain are also shown, with behavioural consequences. The case for more epidemiological effects if nothing is done is clear and comes together with strong societal issues resulting directly from the intertwinning of the neurological impairments affecting decisionmaking and divergence in the answers that can be offered. NATO refunding of the ECB’s public bond-buying programs with depleted uranium to allow it to emit depleted uranium coins is suggested as final fixture to the root problems of the debt crisis.
Salmonella Septic Arthritis of the Shoulder in an Infant after COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Zacharia Balaji , Poulose Sanoj , Xavier Rose , Panarukandy Navaneeth , Hilary Nidhin
Published: October 2022

We report a case of Salmonella septic arthritis of the shoulder in an immunocompetent infant one month after COVID-19 infection. An eight-month-old infant presented with intermittent fever for two weeks. She had features of septic arthritis of the left shoulder. She was treated with arthrotomy of the shoulder. The Gram staining and culture were consistent with Salmonella. Ceftriaxone was given parenterally followed by an oral route. She recovered fully without any recurrence. Salmonella septic arthritis is a rare entity. This is the first case of Salmonella septic arthritis reported in an immunocompetent infant after COVID-19 infection.
Determinants of Financial Distress of Mining Sector Companies: Indonesia Evidence
Authors: Orbaningsih Dwi , Kholid Arif Wahyu Nur , Sujianto Agus Eko
Published: October 2022

Research aims: This study aims to examine the effect of the size of the board of commissioners, board of directors, audit committee, profitability, and sales growth on the financial distress of mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).Design/Methodology/Approach: This research applied a quantitative approach by choosing the type of associative research. The data were in the form of financial documentation of companies listed on the IDX between 2015 and 2019.Research findings: The results showed that profitability and the audit committee positively affected the low potential of financial distress. Therefore, the greater the profitability of the company and the audit committee could minimize the company experiencing financial distress. On the other hand, sales growth, the board of directors, and the board of commissioners had no significant effect on financial distress.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The results provide an empirical explanation that profitability and the size of the audit committee are essential variables in avoiding financial distress. In addition, other theoretical contributions are the use of agency, signaling, and resource dependency theories to explain the phenomenon of financial distress.Research limitation: This study has several limitations. The population was only mining sector companies, and the types of independent commissioners/boards of directors were not separated. Therefore, this study provides recommendations for future research, i.e., expanding the population, including moderating and/or control variables to avoid bias in the results and include other factors triggering financial distress.
Estándares de sostenibilidad para la regulación del mercado de hidrógeno: estudio de certificación de hidrógeno
Authors: Ángel Ana , Márquez Juan Sebastián
Published: October 2022

Este estudio tiene el objetivo de discutir los principales sistemas de certificación de origen para hidrógeno y sus derivados reconocidos en el mundo que, a la fecha de esta publicación, se encuentran operativos o en fases desarrollo. Considerando que los sistemas de certificación contienen un conjunto de reglas y procedimientos para estandarizar sus procesos y atributos asociados, en este trabajo se realiza una identificación de las principales características que un esquema de certificación de hidrógeno puede tener. Se presenta las políticas y las regulaciones climáticas y energéticas como los grandes impulsores para la adopción de esquemas de certificación de hidrógeno. Al final, este trabajo analiza las perspectivas de adopción de sistemas de certificación específicos a la región de América Latina y el Caribe (LAC).
Extended School Day and Teenage Fertility in Dominican Republic
Authors: Garganta Santiago , Pinto María Florencia , Zentner Joaquín
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the potential impact of extended school days in reducing teenage fertility. We study the Jornada Escolar Extendida program, which doubled the school-day length from 4 to 8 hours in the Dominican Republic, and exploit the geographic and time variation induced by its gradual implementation. We find evidence that a higher exposure to JEE in the municipality, measured as the percentage of secondary students covered by the program, reduces the incidence of teenage pregnancies, and that the effect is stronger after the program has reached at least half of secondary students in the municipality. The estimates are robust to various specifications and alternative checks. These results suggest that extended school-day policies can have spillover effects regarding teenagers fertility choices.
On the problem of understanding justice as a legal category
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Ivanov A. A.
Published: October 2022

The global and systemic crisis that modern civilization is going through makes it necessary to improve the efficiency of the functioning of both government bodies and legal systems, the activities of these bodies and their regulatory officials. Despite the strict observance of formal legality in the activities of officials, civil society may refuse to trust and support them if such activities are perceived as unfair. In public opinion, the fairness of the activities of representatives of the government, therefore, can be considered as a necessary condition for the legitimacy of their activities. This kind of circumstance necessitates the formalization of the concept of justice and the inclusion of this concept into the language of legal documents. At present, an unambiguous understanding of the category of “justice” in domestic jurisprudence has not yet been formed. The paper presents the author’s concept of justice in law, concludes that it is necessary to formalize and institutionalize this concept, to sort out the legal category of “justice” from the categories of the same name developed in other social and humanitarian sciences. The greatest attention is paid to the applicability of the concept of justice to the intersectoral institution of legal responsibility. It has been established that in the Russian Federation the requirement to ensure fairness in the activities of government bodies and officials has actually acquired a constitutional character. However, the use of this concept in the Constitution of the Russian Federation cannot be recognized as consistent, and justice as a whole has an ambiguous character. The content and correlation of this concept with other legal categories is analyzed. The study allows us to speak about the existence of a legal category of justice, which does not coincide with the understanding of this concept in other areas of scientific knowledge. It is concluded that the changes made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as one of their main goals, have an increase in fairness in the organization of public administration. The paper emphasizes the possibility to reveal the legal content of the concept of justice through the requirements to ensure verity, proportionality and impartiality in the activities of the government bodies.
The concept and purpose of punishment in Russian medieval law
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Skvoznikov A. N.
Published: October 2022

The paper considers the evolution of the purpose of criminal punishment in the sources of Russian medieval law with regard to the subjective guilt of a law-violator. For a long time, the essence of punishment in Russian law was expressed not so much in the application of sanctions to an offender for violating the norm of behavior (a custom) by the latter, but in restoring the violated order (the truth) and satisfying the victim’s resentment by causing physical suffering to an offender, or to compensate an offense by recovering the property of an offender. The essence of punishment was expressed in the restoration of justice, which was understood as an equivalent retribution to an offender for the evil committed, causing offense, and violating the general order. Such an understanding of the idea of justice, inseparable from law, has historically become the core of Russian legal consciousness. The author used the methods of historical-legal and comparative-legal analysis to study the activities of the legislator to limit the use of retaliation (revenge) by victims against an offender carried out privately without the state power participation. The author concludes that in the late medieval period, during the formation of the Muscovite state in the XIV–XV centuries, punishment becomes a compensatory remedy representing not a private, but a public (state or class) interest. Punishment in the state hands becomes retribution (punishment) to an offender formally on behalf of the whole society, but, in fact, on behalf of the ruling class. The legislator begins to pay attention to the internal (subjective) attitude of a person to a committed offense and its consequences when sentencing.
The integrative approach to the development of axiological ideas about the world among schoolchildren in literature lessons
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Naumova O. S. , Drobnaya E. V. ,   Institute of Education Development in Trans-Baikal Territory
Published: October 2022

The paper reveals the possibilities of development of axiological ideas about the world among schoolchildren during literature lessons based on the integrative approach to the study of Literature, the Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics, the Fundamentals of Spiritual and Moral Culture of Peoples of Russia. The authors carried out a comparative analysis of the possibilities of the content of texts studied during literature lessons to develop axiological ideas about the world of schoolchildren based on the integrative approach (using the example of some texts from the school curriculum). The paper gives the examples of considering literary texts from the standpoint of school literary analysis and scientific theological-axiological approach. The research shows the importance of studying the “Fundamentals of Orthodox Culture” module by the students to reveal the spiritual significance of literary texts. The paper presents the results of a survey among teachers of the Russian language and literature of the Trans-Baikal Territory regarding their understanding of the importance of literature lessons for the development of axiological ideas about the world among schoolchildren. The study identified a contradiction between teachers’ understanding of the importance of knowledge of Orthodox culture for the analysis of literary texts and the insufficient level of this knowledge. The advanced training and the implementation of a program of spiritual and moral education of university students can be a solution for this issue. The authors conclude that for the integral development of axiological ideas about the world among schoolchildren based on the integrative approach, it is necessary for teachers of all school disciplines to possess knowledge about the secular and religious cultures of Russia.
Decision to Practice Agroforestry among Farmers in Ogun State of Nigeria: Implication for Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Oyewole Samuel Olusola , Oyewole Adekemi Lizzie , Isola Bose Folashade , Ofordu Chinyere Salome
Published: October 2022

Mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration centered on the availability of trees. This study evaluates farmers’ specific socioeconomic features that affect decision to practice agroforestry for the purpose of climate change mitigation among smallholder farmers in Ogun State of Nigeria. The study adopted a multi-stage sampling technique in the selection of was n of 196 farmers. Primary data were collected with the application of structured questionnaires. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics and logit regression analysis. Based on the findings of the study, male farmers were the majority with mean age of 36 years cultivating an average farm size of 7.1hectares. Only 10.20% had no formal education. The average experience in farm production was 14 years More than half 59.69% of the farmers acquired their land through purchase. Majority (70.41%) of the farmers were practicing agroforestry. This is a good indication for climate change mitigation and environmental resource management. Factors influencing agroforestry practice among farmers were farm size, experience in farming and income received from farm business. The study recommends a policy strategy that will facilitate famers’ access to farmland with long tenure security.
Influência do sedimento na autofertilização por fósforo total em mesocosmos simulando a fitorremediação de ambiente aquático eutrofizado
Authors: Ferreira Barbara Soares , Jesus Tatiane Araujo
Published: October 2022

A fim de restaurar um ecossistema aquático eutrofizado, é essencial eliminar as fontes externas de nutrientes. Além disso, o compartimento sedimento pode estocar grandes quantidades de nutrientes, os quais podem ser liberados para a coluna d’água e manter o ecossistema eutrofizado por muito tempo, mesmo após a eliminação das fontes externas de nutrientes. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, em mesocosmos, a influência do sedimento em autofertilizar um ambiente aquático com fósforo e sua consequência no retardamento da recuperação deste ambiente caso fosse empregada uma técnica de fitorremediação com Eichhornia crassipes. O estudo foi conduzido em mesocosmos de fundo fechado utilizando água, macrófitas e sedimento de reservatório hipereutrófico (Lago das Garças, São Paulo, SP). Foram avaliados dois tipos de sistemas: com e sem sedimento. O estudo foi realizado em triplicata, totalizando seis mesocosmos de 500 L cada. Foram realizadas 8 campanhas de monitoramento entre fev. e jun./2017. Foram determinados os seguintes parâmetros de qualidade da água: pH, condutividade elétrica, turbidez, cor aparente e fósforo total. Foi realizado o manejo das plantas a fim de manter apenas a metade da superfície livre colonizada e permitir a reprodução e o crescimento das plantas. Apesar de ambos os sistemas terem apresentado tendência de diminuição dos teores de fósforo total na água, notou-se que o sistema com sedimento apresentou maior reprodução dos indivíduos de E. crassipes, sugerindo a influência do sedimento na autofertilização do sistema. Assim, é importante considerar o sedimento na restauração de ambientes eutrofizados.
Spatial interpolation methods of determination of digital elevation models for forestry planning
Authors: Pereira Daniel Pena , Melo Silva Maytê Maria Abreu Pires de , Valle Júnior Renato Farias do , Xavier Alexandre Cândido , Fiedler Nilton César
Published: October 2022

Topographic data acquisition methods are generally subject to measurement errors and subsequent digital terrain models (DTM) interpolation models can propagate these errors. For the forestry sector, the use of the DTM facilitates the planning stage in the road construction and mechanization phase in mountainous areas, especially in subsoiling, pesticide application and logging operations. To evaluate the results of interpolation methods, it is very common to use indicators such as the multiple determination coefficient and the residual error. This study aimed to compare and choose the best interpolation method in an elevation dataset to construct a DTM by applying the Taylor diagram to graphically analyze the results. Seventeen different methods of spatial interpolation were tested. The Spline method was selected as the best model tested over geostatistical models, most commonly adopted in spatial variability assays. The statistics of all methods were very similar, with slight variations, with the square mean square root error and the Spline method correlation being closer to the observed data, as easily shown by the Taylor diagram.
Efeito da textura superficial em insertos de metal duro revestidos de TiAlN e Mínima Quantidade de Lubrificação no torneamento do aço SAE 4340
Authors: Vieira Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues , Viana Rhander
Published: October 2022

A texturização a laser de superfícies é um método atualmente muito popular, a sua aplicação resulta em diversos benefícios em diferentes áreas, como a área de metal mecânica, especificamente, a usinagem. Na usinagem a texturização a laser pode aumentar a vida de ferramentas de corte por aumentar a adesividade dos revestimentos cerâmicos sobre o substrato. Além disso, a textura ordenada da superfície pode alterar a interação entre a ferramenta e a peça na zona de corte, tanto para a usinagem a seco quanto para usinagem com fluido de corte. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em comparar por meio de ensaios de vida de ferramentas e acabamento superficial da peça usinada no torneamento do aço SAE 4340 a seco e com aplicação de fluido de corte por jorro e MQL (Mínima Quantidade de Lubrificante), insertos de metal duro da classe ISO P modificados superficialmente, por meio de texturização a laser e jateamento, e posteriormente revestidos de TiAlN (Nitreto de Titânio). Os resultados mostraram um melhor desempenho nos ensaios de vida dos insertos texturizados por jateamento, e um melhor acabamento da peça torneada com a utilização do revestimento TiAlN, tanto para o substrato jateado quanto texturizado a laser em relação a ferramenta sem revestimento. A aplicação de fluido de corte por MQL mostrou-se eficiente nos ensaios de vida, aumentando a vida das ferramentas, excepcionalmente, na ferramenta TiAlN-jateada. Nos ensaios de acabamento superficial, medição da rugosidade média aritmética (Ra), a aplicação de MQL não se mostrou eficiente. A caracterização superficial por MEV (Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura) mostrou que a ferramenta TiAlN-laser sofreu um destacamento precoce do revestimento, o que provavelmente justifica o seu pobre desempenho nos ensaios de vida.
Assessment on irrigation system performance of sugarcane farm using remote sensing at lower Omo basin, Ethiopia
Authors:   Arbamich University, Toma NS , Samuel DH , Tena A ,   Addis Ababa University
Published: October 2022

This study was aimed at assessing the irrigation system performance at Omo Kuraz Sugar Cane Development Project using data from remote sensing and meteorological stations. To analyze the distribution of evapotranspiration over the treatment area, the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm) model was used to evaluate the evapotranspiration (ET) rate for sugarcane at the lower Omo River Basin. Surface energy balance algorithm input like NDVI, Land surface temperature, TOA albedo and emissivity was calculated from Land Lat 8 image using the ENVI software. The data were collected from the farm site meteorology station, and the calculated evapotranspiration rate was one of the inputs into irrigation system performance indicators model, along with actual field data gathered from irrigation delivery schedule, root depth of crop at each growth stage, soil moisture before and after irrigation, and water diverted to the field. The four pillars of irrigation system performance are over all consumed ratio, depleted fraction, evaporative fraction, and relative evapotranspiration. This study also examined system performance using four standard indicators; namely, adequacy, efficiency, reliability, and equity. These indicators were calculated using the SEBAL algorithm and data were classified based on satellite and irrigation application. The findings of this study revealed that the irrigation system performed poorly with all treatment fields being below the target performance indicator values (overall water consumption ratio, ep; depleted fraction, DF; evaporative fraction, ᴧ and relative evapotranspiration, RET). The calculated crop water requirements using the SEBAL model and satellite data were not consistent with applied water. The findings from this study also showed that irrigation system performance indicator parameters were limited due to excessive water applied to the field. The study also revealed an acceptable range of RET (0.8, 0.9); however, the irrigation system's reliability was poor according to the results of field observations at the experimental site. This observation was due to the field receiving an excessive amount of water. These results and observations suggest that the irrigation agronomist should schedule irrigation water application based on crop water requirements to manage poor irrigation system performance. Key words: Irrigation system performance, SEBAL model, Remote sensing, Landsat 8, lower Omo Basin
Handling practices, quality and loss estimation along the value chain of waragashi, a soft cheese from Benin
Authors:   University of Abomey, Hounsou M , Dabadé DS , Götz B ,   University Bonn, Hounhouigan MH ,   Université Nationale d’Agriculture, Honfo GF , Albrecht A , Kreyenschmidt J ,   Hochschule Geisenheim University, Hounhouigan DJ
Published: October 2022

Waragashi is a soft cheese made from cow milk, widely marketed and consumed in Benin and in other African countries (Nigeria, Ghana, Togo). However, the product is prone to deterioration, especially at ambient temperature (28–32°C) because of its high water activity, nutrients and neutral pH. The present study aimed at getting insight into the factors affecting the quality of waragashi and estimating losses along the value chain. The entire value chain was investigated (i) to determine the product handling conditions, and (ii) to determine stakeholders’ perceptions of related quality, and (iii) to estimate the product proportion and quality loss along the value chain. One hundred and ninety-nine (199) producers, 100 collectors, 156 wholesalers/retailers, and 326 consumers were randomly interviewed in the main Departments of Benin involved in this soft cheese value chain. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used as statistic tools for highlighting the relationships between variables. Significance was accepted at a P value of 0.05. The results showed that waragashi, produced and sold essentially by women (≥ 97%), is packed in bowls (78.9% of respondents) and plastic boxes (16.1% of respondents) as containers at the production stage and marketing. Daily boiling and soaking in water extract of dye sorghum panicle (traditional red biocolorant used to colour the product) were used as the main preservation methods. Waragashi was held mainly at ambient temperature (28–32°C) along the value chain. The priority quality attributes of the product were texture, colour, and taste for producers, whereas texture, odour and appearance were the desirable attributes for consumers. The quality deterioration linked to inappropriate handling conditions occurred mostly at wholesalers/retailers’ level. This leads to important financial losses on the product varying from partial (reduction of approximately 30% of the sale price in comparison to that of the fresh product) to total loss of sale price, meaning that the product cannot be sold. Therefore, there is a need to find appropriate solutions to ensure a better-quality management of waragashi along the value chain. Key words: Soft cheese, Waragashi, Benin, Value chain losses, Food quality attributes