bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium crystal shape of GaAs and InAs considering surface vibration and new (111)B reconstruction: ab-initio thermodynamics
Authors: Yeu In Won , Han Gyuseung , Park Jaehong , Hwang Cheol Seong , Choi Jung-Hae
Published: February 2019

This work reports on the theoretical equilibrium crystal shapes of GaAs and InAs as a function of temperature and pressure, taking into account the contribution of the surface vibration, using ab-initio thermodynamic calculations. For this purpose, new (111)B reconstructions, which are energetically stable at a high temperature, are suggested. It was found that there was a feasible correspondence between the calculated equilibrium shapes and the experimental shapes, which implied that the previous experimental growth was performed under conditions that were close to equilibrium. In this study, GaAs and InAs were selected as prototype compound semiconductors, but the developed calculation methodology can also be applied to other III–V compound semiconductor materials.
A new long-spined dinosaur from Patagonia sheds light on sauropod defense system
Authors: Gallina Pablo A. , Apesteguía Sebastián , Canale Juan I. , Haluza Alejandro
Published: February 2019

Dicraeosaurids are a group of sauropod dinosaurs characterized by a distinctive vertebral column with paired, long, neural spines, present in an extreme fashion in the South American form Amargasaurus cazaui. This distinctive morphology has been interpreted as a support structure for a thermoregulatory sail, a padded crest for display, a dorsal hump acting as fat reservoir, and even as inner cores for dorsal horns. Other inferred functions (if any) of this structure were related to sexual display and/or defense strategies. Here we describe a new dicraeosaurid sauropod, Bajadasaurus pronuspinax gen. et sp. nov., from Patagonia which preserves the most complete skull of the group and has extremely elongate bifid cervical neural spines that point permanently forward, irrespective of the neck position. Although much shorter versions of this neural spine configuration were already recorded for other dicraeosaurid taxa, the long, anteriorly bent spines of this new dinosaur support the hypothesis that these elongate spines of dicraeosaurid sauropods served as passive defense structures.
Enhancing Morphology and Separation Performance of Polyamide 6,6 Membranes By Minimal Incorporation of Silver Decorated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Mahmoudi Ebrahim , Ng Law Yong , Ang Wei Lun , Chung Ying Tao , Rohani Rosiah , Mohammad Abdul Wahab
Published: February 2019

Nanomaterials can be incorporated in the synthesis of membrane to obtain mixed-matrix membrane with marked improvement in properties and performance. However, stability and dispersion of the nanomaterials in the membrane matrix, as well as the need to use high ratio of nanomaterials for obvious improvement of membrane properties, remain a major hurdle for commercialization. Hence, this study aims to investigate the improvement of polyamide 6,6 membrane properties with the incorporation of silver nanoparticles decorated on graphene oxide (Ag-GO) nanoplates and at the same time focus is given to the issues above. Graphene oxide nanoplates were synthesized using the modified Hummers’ method and decorated with silver before embedded into the polyamide 6,6 matrix. Physicochemical characterizations were conducted on both nanoplates and the mixed-matrix Ag-GO polyamide 6,6 membrane. The issues of Ag agglomeration and leaching were not observed, which could be attributed to the decoration of Ag on GO that helped to disperse the nanomaterials and provided a better anchor point for the attachment of Ag nanoparticles. The synthesized membrane showed marked improvement regarding flux (135% increment) and antifouling (40% lower irreversible fouling), which could be ascribed to the more negative charge of membrane surface (−14 ± 6 to −31 ± 3.8 mV) and hydrophilicity (46% enhancement) of the membranes. With minimal embedment of Ag nanoparticles, the membrane showed superior antibacterial property where the E. coli bacteria could not form a single colony on the membrane surface. Overall, the decoration of Ag on GO nanoplates could be a promising approach to resolve the agglomeration and leaching issues as well as reduce the amount of precious Ag in the synthesis of Ag-GO polyamide 6,6 membrane.
Generation and Stability of Size-Adjustable Bulk Nanobubbles Based on Periodic Pressure Change
Authors: Wang Qiaozhi , Zhao Hui , Qi Na , Qin Yan , Zhang Xuejie , Li Ying
Published: February 2019

Recently, bulk nanobubbles have attracted intensive attention due to the unique physicochemical properties and important potential applications in various fields. In this study, periodic pressure change was introduced to generate bulk nanobubbles. N2 nanobubbles with bimodal distribution and excellent stabilization were fabricated in nitrogen-saturated water solution. O2 and CO2 nanobubbles have also been created using this method and both have good stability. The influence of the action time of periodic pressure change on the generated N2 nanobubbles size was studied. It was interestingly found that, the size of the formed nanobubbles decreases with the increase of action time under constant frequency, which could be explained by the difference in the shrinkage and growth rate under different pressure conditions, thereby size-adjustable nanobubbles can be formed by regulating operating time. This study might provide valuable methodology for further investigations about properties and performances of bulk nanobubbles.
Increased Axin expression enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and exerts an antidepressant effect
Authors: Chen Wei-Wei , Fu Wing-Yu , Su Yi-Ting , Fang Wei-Qun , Fu Amy K. Y. , Ip Nancy Y.
Published: February 2019

Major depressive disorders are emerging health problems that affect millions of people worldwide. However, treatment options and targets for drug development are limited. Impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis is emerging as a key contributor to the pathology of major depressive disorders. We previously demonstrated that increasing the expression of the multifunctional scaffold protein Axis inhibition protein (Axin) by administration of the small molecule XAV939 enhances embryonic neurogenesis and affects social interaction behaviors. This prompted us to examine whether increasing Axin protein level can enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis and thus contribute to mood regulation. Here, we report that stabilizing Axin increases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and exerts an antidepressant effect. Specifically, treating adult mice with XAV939 increased the amplification of adult neural progenitor cells and neuron production in the hippocampus under both normal and chronic stress conditions. Furthermore, XAV939 injection in mice ameliorated depression-like behaviors induced by chronic restraint stress. Thus, our study demonstrates that Axin/XAV939 plays an important role in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and provides a potential therapeutic approach for mood-related disorders.
A strategy for qualitative and quantitative profiling of glycyrrhiza extract and discovery of potential markers by fingerprint-activity relationship modeling
Authors: Zhang Yujing , Wang Chao , Yang Fangliang , Sun Guoxiang
Published: February 2019

This study was to evaluate the quality consistency of glycyrrhiza extract and to explore the possible anti-oxidant components in combination with chromatographic fingerprint and bioactivity evaluation. Characteristic fingerprints of glycyrrhiza extract samples from different sources were generated by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and evaluated using hierarchical clustering and similarity analysis. Compared with the conventional qualitative similarity evaluation method, the averagely linear quantified fingerprint method had an important quantitative similarity parameter supported by quantitative analysis, which was recommended in the fingerprint evaluation. Antioxidant activities of the glycyrrhiza extract samples were determined by DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryldrazyl) radical scavenging assays. In addition, the fingerprint-efficacy relationship was investigated by the chemical fingerprints and the anti-oxidant activities utilizing partial least squares model, which was capable of exploring and discovering the bioactive components of glycyrrhiza extracts. Therefore, the present study provided a powerful strategy to evaluate the holistic quality consistency of medicinal plant.
Principal component analysis to enhance enantioselective Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Rullich Claudia C. , Kiefer Johannes
Published: February 2019

Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to enantioselective Raman (esR) spectroscopy data enhances the performance of the method and opens up opportunities for a fully automatic data evaluation.
Matter, energy and information network of a graphene-peptide-based fluorescent sensing system for molecular logic computing, detection and imaging of cancer stem cell marker CD133 in cells and tumor tissues
Authors: Zhang Fu Rui , Lu Jiao Yang , Yao Qing Feng , Zhu Qiu Yan , Zhang Xin Xing , Huang Wei Tao , Xia Li Qiu , Ding Xue Zhi
Published: February 2019

A graphene-peptide-based fluorescent sensing system for molecular logic operations, sensing and imaging of CD133.
Facile method based on19F-NMR for the determination of hydroxyl value and molecular weight of hydroxyl terminated polymers
Authors: Foli Giacomo , Degli Esposti Micaela , Toselli Maurizio , Morselli Davide , Fabbri Paola
Published: February 2019

Two-steps method to determine hydroxyl value and molecular weight of hydroxyl terminated polymers by19F-NMR measurements.
Structural evolution in a melt-quenched zeolitic imidazolate framework glass during heat-treatment
Authors: Zhang Jiayan , Longley Louis , Liu Hao , Ashling Christopher W. , Chater Philip A. , Beyer Kevin A. , Chapman Karena W. , Tao Haizheng , Keen David A. , Bennett Thomas D. , Yue Yuanzheng
Published: February 2019

A pronounced enthalpy release occurs around 1.38Tg in the prototypical metal–organic framework glass formed from ZIF-4 [Zn(C3H3N2)2], but there is no sign for any crystallization (i.e., long-range ordering) taking place.
Environmentally responsive photonic polymers
Authors: van Heeswijk Ellen P. A. , Kragt Augustinus J. J. , Grossiord Nadia , Schenning Albertus P. H. J.
Published: February 2019

This feature article focuses on photonic polymers that change colouration due to an environmental stimulus and highlights their industrial feasibility.
In situ synthesis of a silicon flake/nitrogen-doped graphene-like carbon composite from organoclay for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Chen Qingze , Zhu Runliang , He Qiuzhi , Liu Shaohong , Wu Dingcai , Fu Haoyang , Du Jing , Zhu Jianxi , He Hongping
Published: February 2019

A silicon flake/nitrogen-doped graphene-like carbon composite with enhanced electrochemical performance was synthesized from organoclay via an in situ strategy.
Supramolecular nanochannels self-assembled by helical pyridine–pyridazine oligomers
Authors: Yan Tengfei , Yang Feihu , Qi Shuaiwei , Fan Xiaotong , Liu Shengda , Ma Ningning , Luo Quan , Dong Zeyuan , Liu Junqiu
Published: February 2019

We present a novel helix-based supramolecular nanochannel, wherein alkali ions could be easily collected, transported and even controllably released.
Tuning the physico-chemical properties of BiOBr via solvent adjustment: towards an efficient photocatalyst for water treatment
Authors: Wei Xian-Xian , Cui Baoyin , Wang Xiaoxiao , Cao YanZhi , Gao LiBing , Guo Shaoqing , Chen Cheng-Meng
Published: February 2019

BiOBr with a nanosheet structure and exposed (001) surface was prepared by a facile one-pot solvothermal approach in benzyl alcohol solvent.
A conformation-specific IR spectroscopic signature for weak CO⋯CO n→π* interaction in capped 4R-hydroxyproline
Authors: Singh Santosh K. , More Shahaji , Kumar Satish , Mishra Kamal K. , Ganesh Krishna N. , Das Aloke
Published: February 2019

CO⋯CO n→π*-amide interaction in the monomeric building block of collagen is probed using conformation-specific IR spectroscopy.
(Diphenylphosphino)alkylaldehyde affords hydride- or alkyl-[(diphenylphosphino)alkylacyl]rhodium(iii) or (diphenylphosphino)alkylester complexes: theoretical and experimental diastereoselectivity
Authors: Azpeitia Susan , Barquín Montserrat , Mendicute-Fierro Claudio , Huertos Miguel A. , Rodríguez-Diéguez Antonio , Seco Jose M. , San Sebastian Eider , Ibarlucea Lourdes , Garralda María A.
Published: February 2019

Diastereoselective synthesis of1and11as predicted by DFT.4and10obtained without and lower diastereoselectivity than predicted.
Updated and validated solar irradiance reference spectra for estimating environmental photodegradation rates
Authors: Apell Jennifer N. , McNeill Kristopher
Published: February 2019

Irradiance reference spectra are used to calculate environmentally relevant photodegradation half-lives, but the currently used spectra were originally published in the 1980s with limited validation.
Two dimensional MoS2 meets porphyrins via intercalation to enhance the electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution
Authors: Kwon Ik Seon , Kwak In Hye , Abbas Hafiz Ghulam , Seo Hee Won , Seo Jaemin , Park Kidong , Park Jeunghee , Kang Hong Seok
Published: February 2019

Mn-Porphyrin-MoS2 exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the hydrogen evolution reaction, which is supported by spin-polarized density functional theory calculations.
Enhanced low-temperature catalytic carbon monoxide methanation performance via vermiculite-derived silicon carbide-supported nickel nanoparticles
Authors: Song Qi , Altaf Naveed , Zhu Mingyuan , Li Jiangbing , Ren Xin , Dan Jianming , Dai Bin , Louis Benoit , Wang Qiang , Yu Feng
Published: February 2019

The methanation process is renowned worldwide and effectually employed for synthetic natural gas (SNG) production.
Plasmonic platform based on nanoporous alumina membranes: order control via self-assembly
Authors: Previdi Rodolfo , Levchenko Igor , Arnold Matthew , Gali Marc , Bazaka Kateryna , Xu Shuyan , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , Bray Kerem , Jin Dayong , Fang Jinghua
Published: February 2019

A novel approach to significantly enhance and comprehensively assess the level of nanochannel ordering in self-assembled nanoporous membranes is proposed and tested.
Molecular doping: accessing the first carborane-substituted 1,2,3-triphospholanide via insertion of P− into a P−P bond
Authors: Coburger Peter , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Hey-Hawkins Evamarie
Published: February 2019

Insertion of a P− anion into a P–P bond yielding the first carborane-substituted 1,2,3-triphospholanide 1 was achieved by treating a carborane-substitued 1,2-diphosphetane with sodium phosphaethynolate.
A novel electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer system for simultaneous determination of two acute myocardial infarction markers using versatile gold nanorods as energy acceptors
Authors: Cao Jun-Tao , Liu Fu-Rao , Fu Xiao-Long , Ma Jin-Xin , Ren Shu-Wei , Liu Yan-Ming
Published: February 2019

A spatial- and potential-resolved platform coupled with the ECL-RET strategy was developed for simultaneous dual-target detection.
Cryo-assisted exfoliation of atomically thin 2D Sb2Se3 nanosheets for photo-induced theranostics
Authors: Fan Linxin , Huang Doudou , Wang Yichuan , Miao Zhaohua , Ma Yan , Zhao Qingliang , Zha Zhengbao
Published: February 2019

A cryo-assisted liquid exfoliation approach was developed to prepare atomically thin Sb2Se3 colloidal nanosheets for simultaneous photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy.
Discovery of a ferroelastic topological insulator in a two-dimensional tetragonal lattice
Authors: Ma An-ning , Li Sheng-shi , Zhang Shu-feng , Zhang Chang-wen , Ji Wei-xiao , Li Ping , Wang Pei-ji
Published: February 2019

We found that 2D tetragonal HfC allowed simultaneous presence of ferroelastic and topological orders.
(Ca0.8Mg0.2Cl2/SiO2):Eu2+: a violet-blue emitting phosphor with a low UV content for UV-LED based phototherapy illuminators
Authors: Guo Zhenbin , Milićević Bojana , Zhang Ziwang , Wu Zhan-Chao , Shi Jianxin , Wu Mingmei
Published: February 2019

A violet-blue emitting phosphor with a low UV content in its emission spectrum has been fabricated through cation substitution for UV-LED based phototherapy illuminators.
Hierarchical nanomaterials via biomolecular self-assembly and bioinspiration for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Gong Coucong , Sun Shuwei , Zhang Yujie , Sun Li , Su Zhiqiang , Wu Aiguo , Wei Gang
Published: February 2019

Self-assembled biomolecular nanostructure-inspired hierarchical hybrid nanomaterials present promising applications in energy and environmental fields.
Supporting Children With Traumatic Brain Injury in the Schools
Authors: D'Angelo Elisabeth
Published: February 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this article was to present an overview of pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), the school system process and how TBI can be approached within the system, and the ways that the school-based speech-language pathologist can support the child with TBI as part of a collaborative team.

Recommendations

Identification processes, assessment, intervention, and overall support of children with TBI in the schools were presented. Examples of criteria for qualification in special education, tests that can be utilized, and specific intervention goals and techniques were discussed. Focus on the factors that differentiate this population and make them difficult to identify was reviewed.
Exploring the Value of Service Learning Study Away to Interprofessional Education and Cultural Competence
Authors: Chakraborty Sapna , Proctor Lisa A.
Published: February 2019

Purpose

This study investigated student learning about interprofessional practices during an international service learning experience.

Method

The participants were selected speech-language pathology students who participated in a study away program to Nicaragua that included faculty from multiple disciplines. Following the trip, a focus group was used to gather information about the students' learning experiences relative to interprofessional education, with an emphasis on speech-language pathology and occupational therapy collaborations.

Results and Conclusion

Analysis of the focus group transcripts generated the following themes: different perspectives, understanding the roles and responsibilities of other professions, multiple learning strategies, and working with interpreters. The study provides insights into how international service learning can support interprofessional education and help students develop cultural competence.
Demonstration of fully‐vertical GaN‐on‐Si power MOSFETs using regrowth technique
Authors: Biswas D. , Torii N. , Yamamoto K. , Egawa T.
Published: February 2019

The authors are reporting for the first time the fabrication of GaN‐based fully‐vertical high‐power metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field effect transistors on Si. The electrical measurements of the fabricated device exhibited both vertical and lateral modes of operation. The transfer characteristics of the device in vertical mode showed a peak trans‐conductance () of 23.6 mS/mm with a threshold voltage () of V. The maximum current drain density () of 249.3 mA/mm was observed with ON‐resistance () of 44.2 ‐mm. The electrical results obtained in the vertical mode were also compared with the laterally oriented devices. The comparison of the electrical results indicates a relatively higher ON‐resistance of the device in the vertical configuration, due to the contribution of the series resistance of the buffer layers in the epi‐structure.
User‐priority‐based resource allocation for device‐to‐device communications in 5G underlaying cellular networks
Authors: Ba Xinran , Wang Yafeng , Fan Jiangsheng , Xiang Wei
Published: February 2019

In 5G cellular networks, device‐to‐device (D2D) communications help greatly improve spectral efficiency and reduce communication latency. However, interference is intrinsic to D2D communications when sharing spectral resources with cellular users (CUs). On the other hand, D2D is able to bear more and more services, which help user‐centred and personalised services become development trends in 5G networks. Against this background, the authors propose a user‐priority‐based resource allocation scheme in consideration of interference. The scheme first divides the service priority of D2D into four levels based on the principle of satisfying the quality‐of‐service (QoS) requirements of D2D as much as possible and then performs admission control allowing a D2D pair to use the CU spectral resources according to different priority levels. Next, they develop a maximum throughput scheme for the admissible D2D pair to select a suitable CU partner. Finally, a maximum weighted bipartite matching scheme is adopted. The proposed scheme is compared with a benchmark QoS‐aware scheme in terms of the cell radius, distance, and maximum power of the D2D pair. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is able to notably improve system throughput.
Corrective control of parallel interconnected asynchronous sequential machines with output feedback
Authors: Yang Jung‐Min , Kwak Seong Woo
Published: February 2019

The problem of controlling two parallel interconnected asynchronous sequential machines (ASMs) by a single corrective controller is studied. The objective is to realise immediate recovery against transient faults that cause unauthorised state transitions to each ASM. Since only output feedback is available to the controller, the correction procedure must be able to accommodate state uncertainty underlying the composite machine. A computationally efficient scheme of controller synthesis is presented in the framework of corrective control theory. To validate the practicality of the scheme, the authors apply the proposed controller to a faulty asynchronous FPGA system in parallel connection. Experimental results confirm the instantaneous fault recovery of the closed‐loop system.
Output feedback reinforcement learning based optimal output synchronisation of heterogeneous discrete‐time multi‐agent systems
Authors: Rizvi Syed Ali Asad , Lin Zongli
Published: February 2019

This study proposes a model‐free distributed output feedback control scheme that achieves synchronisation of the outputs of the heterogeneous follower agents with that of the leader agent in a directed network. A distributed two degree of freedom approach is presented that separates the learning of the optimal output feedback and the feedforward terms of the local control law for each agent. The local feedback parameters are learned using the proposed off‐policy Q ‐learning algorithm, whereas a gradient adaptive law is presented to learn the local feedforward control parameters to achieve asymptotic tracking of each agent. This learning scheme and the resulting distributed control laws neither require access to the local internal state of the agents nor do they need an additional distributed leader state observer. The proposed approach has the advantage over the previous state augmentation approaches as it circumvents the need of introducing a discounting factor in the local performance functions. It is shown that the proposed algorithm converges to the optimal solution of the algebraic Riccati equation and the output regulator equations without explicitly solving them as long as the leader agent is reachable directly or indirectly from all the follower agents. Simulation results validate the proposed scheme.
Demosaicking algorithm for white‐RGB CFA images
Authors: Choi Jun Ho , Choi Dong Yoon , Song Byung Cheol
Published: February 2019

WRGB colour filter array (CFA) has attracted much attention because it is structurally advantageous to improve image quality in low‐light environment using high sensitivity of W channel. However, the demosaicking techniques for WRGB CFA image sensors developed so far have suffered from blurring at edges and deterioration in image quality due to the lack of correlation between W and RGB channels. In order to overcome the above problems, this paper proposes a correlation error compensation in W channel and a G channel restoration to mitigate blurring via edge adaptive filtering. In addition, the authors propose a brightness enhancement method utilising W channel, while avoiding noise boosting. Experimental results show that the proposed demosaicking algorithm not only shows better subjective visual quality than the existing technique but also has about 15% higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) than conventional Bayer CFA image.
Torque ripple suppression of permanent magnet synchronous machines by minimal harmonic current injection
Authors: Yan Luocheng , Liao Yong , Lin Hao , Sun Jun
Published: February 2019

Reducing torque ripples in a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machine (PMSM) system has been an essential requirement in some high‐performance applications. To suppress the torque ripples caused by time harmonics and spatial harmonics, an approach based on injecting minimum harmonic currents is proposed here. The proposed method extracts torque ripples from speed fluctuations, and the gradient descent optimisation (GDO) is utilised to determine the injected harmonic currents which are the commands of the harmonic current regulators. Using the torque ripple minimisation and the injected harmonic current minimisation as the two objectives, the GDO not only minimises the torque ripples of the PMSM system but also guarantees that the magnitude of the injected harmonic currents is minimal. The proposed method is simple to implement in the hardware and does not require complex computation. Its effectiveness is verified by experimental results.
Revealing the dust grain size in the inner envelope of the Class I protostar Per-emb-50
Authors: Agurto-Gangas C. , Pineda J. E. , Szűcs L. , Testi L. , Tazzari M. , Miotello A. , Caselli P. , Dunham M. , Stephens I. W. , Bourke T. L.
Published: February 2019

Context. A good constraint of when the growth of dust grains from sub-micrometer to millimeter sizes occurs, is crucial for planet formation models. This provides the first step towards the production of pebbles and planetesimals in protoplanetary disks. Currently, it is well established that Class II objects have large dust grains. However, it is not clear when in the star formation process this grain growth occurs.

Aims. We use multi-wavelength millimeter observations of a Class I protostar to obtain the spectral index of the observed flux densities αmm of the unresolved disk and the surrounding envelope. Our goal is to compare our observational results with visibility modeling at both, 1.3 and 2.7 mm simultaneously.

Methods. We present data from NOEMA at 2.7 mm and SMA at 1.3 mm of the Class I protostar, Per-emb-50. We model the dust emission with a variety of parametric and radiative-transfer models to deduce the grain size from the observed emission spectral index.

Results. We find a spectral index in the envelope of Per-emb-50 of αenv = 3.3 ± 0.3, similar to the typical ISM values. The radiative-transfer modeling of the source confirms this value of αenv with the presence of dust with a amax ≤ 100 μm. Additionally, we explore the backwarming effect, where we find that the envelope structure affects the millimeter emission of the disk.

Conclusions. Our results reveal grains with a maximum size no larger than 100 μm in the inner envelope of the Class I protostar Per-emb-50, providing an interesting case to test the universality of millimeter grain growth expected in these sources.
Synthesis, characterization and promising properties of Fe3O4/CdSe nanocomposite
Authors: Habib Shaimaa A. , Mohamed Mona B. , Saafan Samia A. , Meaz Talaat M.
Published: February 2019

Nowadays there is a continuously increasing worldwide concern for the utilization of magnetic semiconductor nanocomposites. We synthesized bifunctional magnetic–luminescent nanocomposites with Fe3O4 nanoparticles as the cores and CdSe as the shells by a facile direct precipitation method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that the obtained bifunctional nanocomposites had a core–shell structure, in a spherical shape with a particle radius of about 10.3nm, and the shell thickness of about 2.2nm. The flower shape is due to the inhomogeneous growth of CdSe due to the presence of many active sites which turn to be nucleation centers for the CdSe on the surface of the nano-magnetite. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed a cubic spinel structure of the Fe3O4 core. Magnetic measurements indicated that the presence of CdSe in the composite reduces its magnetic properties. Optical measurements of the Fe3O4/CdSe nanocomposite show that the prepared samples have dual functions, optical tunable band gap of the semiconductor quantum dots and the magnetic properties of magnetite. This type of composites would be considered as dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS).
Investigation of phase transformations of iron nanoparticles during thermal annealing
Authors: Tulebayeva Dinara , Yermekova Assel , Kozlovskiy Artem , Zdorovets Maxim
Published: February 2019

Structural properties and phase composition of nanoparticles based on iron oxide were studied. Mossbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used for the analysis of phase transformations. According to XRD and Mossbauer spectroscopy data, an increase in the annealing temperature, as well as the subsequent phase transformations of magnetite into maghemite and then to hematite, indicate an improvement in the structure and a decrease in microdistortions in the lattice as a result of annealing defects and vacancies. According to Mossbauer spectroscopy data at temperatures above 400°C, the lines of characteristic FeO, which are characteristic for disordered iron oxide, are observed, which also confirms the improvement of the crystal structure of nanoparticles.
Beta delayed neutron measurements by means of Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer
Authors: Stepaniuk Michał , Karny Marek , Fijałkowska Aleksandra , Bielewski Wojciech ,   for MTAS Collaboration
Published: February 2019

Possibility to use Modular Total Absorption Spectrometer (MTAS) as a device to measure complete decay scheme, including β-n of neutron rich isotopes, has been investigated. Analysis of well known 87Br with its 2.6% β-n branching ratio served as a test case. Preliminary results agree with the published data.
Calibration methods of new device for human blood pressure measurement
Authors: Stala Łukasz , Tomczuk Krzysztof
Published: February 2019

The paper presents two methods of determining calibration curve of a new device for blood pressure measurement. The device was developed at Wrocław University of Science and Technology. First method is based on parallel measurement of systolic and diastolic pressure measurement with use of reference device such as sphygmomanometer and researched new device with pneumatic sensor equipped with voltage type output. Obtained data (systolic ps and diastolic pd pressure, maximum us and minimum ud voltage) was then used to determine individual pressure-voltage characteristic of the device, which can be represented as a linear equation. Second method is based on substitution of experimentally proved coefficient b with its analytical equivalent extracted from mathematical model of described pneumatic sensor. Described methods were verified experimentally and compared. Metrological parameters of the device were designated.
Instabilities of Collective Neutrino Oscillations Induced by Non-standard Neutrino Interactions
Authors: Kharlanov Oleg , Shustov Pavel
Published: February 2019

We study the effect of non-standard neutrino interactions (NSIs) on the growth of instabilities in neutrino energy spectra of a core-collapse supernova for different neutrino intensities and/or types of NSIs, notably including the exotic neutrino magnetic moment. Although it is usually attested that instabilities virtually smear out all potentially observable signatures, we show that, instead, there are regimes in which they act as a magnifying glass, bringing tiny effects to the eye of the observer.
Estimating the radiative part of QED effects in systems with supercritical charge
Authors: Roenko Artem , Sveshnikov Konstantin
Published: February 2019

The effective interaction of the electron magnetic moment anomaly with the Coulomb fileld of superheavy nuclei is investigated by taking into account its dynamical screening at small distances. The shift of the electronic levels, caused by this interaction, is considered for H-like atoms and for compact nuclear quasi-molecules, non-perturbatively both in Zα and (partially) in α/π. It is shown that the levels shift reveals a non-monotonic behavior in the region Zα 1 and near the threshold of the lower continuum decreases both with the increasing the charge and with enlarging the size of the system of Coulomb sources. The last result is generalized to the total self-energy contribution to the levels shift and so to the possible behavior of radiative QED effects with virtual photon exchange near the lower continuum in the supercritical region.
The competition of tensor interaction and neutron-proton pairing in the beta-decay of the neutron-rich isotopes
Authors: Sushenok E. O. , Severyukhin A. P. , Arsenyev N. N. , Borzov I. N.
Published: February 2019

The effects of the residual interaction in the particle-particle channel on β-decay characteristics and the multi-neutron emission probabilities in the β-decay of 126,128,130,132Cd are studied within the quasiparticle random phase approximation with the Skyrme interaction. The coupling between one-and two-phonon terms in the wave functions of the low-energy 1+ states of the daughter nuclei is taken into account. It is shown that the inclusion of the spin-isospin interaction in the particle-particle channel leads to the reduction of half-lives and redistribution of one-and two-neutron emission probabilities. The competition of tensor interaction and neutron-proton pairing in the β-decay characteristics of the neutron-rich Cd isotopes is discussed.
A Study on the Individualized Training Mode of the Professional Degree Graduate Students of the Army
Authors: Zhang Bo , Zhang Lin , Wang Wenfeng , Ma Haiyin
Published: February 2019

From the learning motivation, training process, professional direction of the diversified characteristics, this paper analyzes the realistic requirements of personalized training of military professional degree students, analyzes the problem of current personalized training of military professional degree students that training courses teaching lack of humanity, courses research lack of pertinence, and the training standard is not clear, put forward the suggests that graduate student selection protruding flexibility strategy, subject based on the problem oriented, study research subject to the forces demand, and cooperative establish the graduate training standards to improve the personalized professional degree graduate training ability.
Characteristics and Principles to Apply Project-based Teaching Method in Life Ceramics Course
Authors: Yu Fei
Published: February 2019

The application of project-based teaching method in life ceramics course is mainly divided into three major types: studio type, practice base type and people-oriented type, with distinctive features of clear objectives, remarkable innovation, strong practicality and diverse interaction. Principles of integrity, autonomy, moderation, cooperation, creativity and comprehensiveness are supposed to be adopted in the application.
A Study on the Internationalization of Higher Education in Hainan under the Background of the Construction of Free Trade Pilot Zone
Authors: Zhu Lin
Published: February 2019

With deepening economic globalization and increasingly fierce international competition, the internationalization of higher education has become an important trend in the whole world in the 21st century. In 2018, Chinese government proposed to build Hainan Free Trade Pilot Zone. From this, Hainan university and colleges will undertake the important task of training international talents. Based on the study and analysis of the connotation and present situation of the internationalization of higher education in Hainan, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of the internationalization of Hainan higher education, aiming at providing basis and reference for the internationalization of talents training in Hainan universities and colleges.
Study on Numerical Simulation of Welding and Joint of 16MnR Steel Pipe
Authors: Li Ying
Published: February 2019

16MnR steel pipe is a commonly used welding material, which has a great demand in steel structure, chemical industry, construction and so on. The research object of this paper is 16MnR steel pipe with 30*4*50mm. The numerical simulation of the welded joint is carried out by MSC. Marc software, and the temperature field and stress field distribution of the welded joint are analysed.
A fuzzy neural network approach for modeling the growth kinetics of FeB and Fe2B layers during the boronizing process
Authors: Mebarek Bendaoud , Keddam Mourad
Published: February 2019

In this paper, we develop a boronizing process simulation model based on fuzzy neural network (FNN) approach for estimating the thickness of the FeB and Fe2B layers. The model represents a synthesis of two artificial intelligence techniques; the fuzzy logic and the neural network. Characteristics of the fuzzy neural network approach for the modelling of boronizing process are presented in this study. In order to validate the results of our calculation model, we have used the learning base of experimental data of the powder-pack boronizing of Fe-15Cr alloy in the temperature range from 800 to 1050 °C and for a treatment time ranging from 0.5 to 12 h. The obtained results show that it is possible to estimate the influence of different process parameters. Comparing the results obtained by the artificial neural network to experimental data, the average error generated from the fuzzy neural network was 3% for the FeB layer and 3.5% for the Fe2B layer. The results obtained from the fuzzy neural network approach are in agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the utilization of fuzzy neural network approach is well adapted for the boronizing kinetics of Fe-15Cr alloy.
Monogenean fauna of alien tilapias (Cichlidae) in south China
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Zhi Tingting , Xu Xiangli , Zheng Yingying , Bilong Bilong Charles Félix , Pariselle Antoine , Yang Tingbao
Published: February 2019

Tilapias are important aquaculture fishes that have been introduced widely all over the world, often carrying their monogenean parasites with them. An extensive investigation on monogeneans of invasive tilapias was conducted in 19 natural water sources in south China between July 2015 and December 2017. We found nine known species of monogeneans, i.e., Enterogyrus coronatus, E. malmbergi, Cichlidogyrus cirratus, C. halli, C. sclerosus, C. thurstonae, C. tilapiae, Scutogyrus longicornis, Gyrodactylus cichlidarum, and one unknown Gyrodactylus species. In addition to reporting ten new hosts and four new geographical records, we observed new morphological characteristics of these species. Observation on living specimens of Enterogyrus spp. demonstrated that these two species have characteristic opisthaptoral retraction capacities, while the opisthaptor glands were not observed in our specimens of E. coronatus and E. malmbergi. The morphological differences of the accessory piece of the male copulatory complex between C. cirratus and C. mbirizei (character for species differentiation) could result from the observation at different perspectives, which indicates that C. mbirizei is likely a synonym of C. cirratus. A more detailed structure of the sclerotized parts of Cichlidogyrus spp. and S. longicornis were revealed by scanning electron microscopy. As was the case for the monogeneans found on alien tilapias from other geographic regions, the present study confirmed the high potential of these monogeneans to establish populations in new habitats.
Omega-3-Fettsäuren im Sport – Mängel erkennen und beheben
Authors: von Schacky Clemens
Published: February 2019

Bei Athleten, die ihren Körper in besonders starker Weise beanspruchen, erkennt man die vielfältigen Bedeutungen eines hohen ω-3-Indexes ebenso wie Leistungssportler in besonderer Weise von der Höhe ihres ω-3-Index abhängig sind. EPA und DHA, nicht die pflanzliche α-Linolensäure, sind geeignet, den ω-3-Index zu erhöhen. Ein ω-3-Index im Zielbereich von 8–11 % bedeutet Minimierung von Muskelkater und -abbau, eine Optimierung bestimmter kardiopulmonaler Parameter, eine Minimierung des Risikos für den plötzlichen Herztod, eine Optimierung komplexer kognitiver Leistungen wie Reaktionszeit oder Aufmerksamkeitsspanne, möglicherweise eine Minimierung der Konsequenzen von Hirntraumata, eine Optimierung der psychiatrischen/psychischen Situation und weitere positive Aspekte. Deshalb gehört die Bestimmung des HS-Omega-3-Index in die Laborroutine der Sportlerbetreuung. In den meisten Fällen wird ein ω-3-Index unterhalb des Zielbereiches von 8–11 % erkannt werden, was dann eine Supplementation mit entsprechenden Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln erfordert.
Metabolic Costs During Backward Running with Body Weight Support
Authors: Masumoto Kenji , Galor Kendell , Craig-Jones Andrew , Mercer John
Published: February 2019

We investigated metabolic costs, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), stride frequency (SF), and preferred speed (PS) during forward and backward running at different levels of body weight support (BWS). Participants completed forward and backward running on a lower body positive pressure treadmill at their preferred speed for forward and backward running at 0%BWS, 20%BWS, and 50%BWS. Oxygen uptake (V̇O2), heart rate (HR), RPE, SF, and PS were measured. HR, RPE, and SF during forward and backward running decreased with increasing BWS (P<0.05).V̇O2 during both forward and backward running at 50%BWS was significantly lower than when running at 0%BWS (P<0.01). However, PS during forward and backward running increased with increasing BWS (P<0.01). Furthermore,V̇O2 was different between running directions only when running at 0%BWS (P<0.01). HR and RPE were not different between running directions (P>0.05). SF during backward running was higher than that of forward running (P<0.01). PS during backward running was lower than when running forward (P<0.001). Our observations suggest that individuals may select PS and SF during running with BWS in a way that resulted in similar metabolic costs, regardless of direction of locomotion.
Keep/Refer-Decision-Making Abilities and Screening for Serious Pathologies as Integral Components of Physiotherapy Education and Profession
Authors: Lackenbauer Wolfgang , Jansen Jessie , Roddam Hazel , Selfe James
Published: February 2019

Background Several surveys over the last few years examined physiotherapists’ attitude towards direct access, increased practice autonomy and the necessity to detect the presence of serious pathologies.

Objective The aim of the questionnaire was identify the attitude of Austrian physicians towards physiotherapists’ taking more responsibility in the case of clinical decisions.

Method An online survey was distributed by e-mail among 1000 general practitioners and 395 orthopaedic surgeons working in private practice in Austria during autumn 2017.

Results The study included 76 general practitioners (7.6 %) and 40 orthopaedic surgeons (10 %). 90 % of the responding general practitioners and 68 % of the orthopaedic surgeons believed that Austrian physiotherapists should be able to decide whether physiotherapy is indicated or not.

Conclusion The majority of the study participants were in favour of Austrian physiotherapists taking more responsibility and that they independently decide about physiotherapeutic indication.
Consider Role of Glutamatergic Habenula-projecting Globus Pallidus in OCD
Authors: Loonen Anton J.M. , Ivanova Svetlana A.
Published: February 2019

Recently, in a review article in this journal, Vlček and colleagues described the putative role played by the glutamatergic system in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and how this might explain the effects of certain treatments. They describe a neuroanatomical model, which includes a specific role of the amygdala-hippocampus complex (AHC) and would complete the classic cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) mechanism of OCD. The role of the AHC can perhaps be better understood when considering its ancient relationship to the rest of the forebrain of mammals. This leads to distinguishing between primary (lamprey-like), secondary (amphibian-like) and tertiary (mammal-like) parts of the forebrain including amygdaloid, ventral extrapyramidal and dorsal extrapyramidal systems, respectively. A specific role in OCD may be played by the habenula-projecting part of the pallidum, which evaluated the result of behaviour in human’s earliest vertebrate ancestors. The addition of these primary relationship to the authors’ description could be fruitful when planning the future research, as suggested by them.
Use of the Pessary in the Prevention of Preterm Delivery
Authors: Corrêa Thayane Delazari , Amorim Ester Gomes , Tomazelli Jade Aimée Guimarães , Corrêa Mário Dias
Published: February 2019

Objective The gestational complication most associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity is spontaneous preterm birth with gestational age < 37 weeks. Therefore, it is necessary to identify its risk factors and attempt its prevention. The benefits of the pessary in prematurity are under investigation. Our objective was to analyze the use of the pessary in the prevention of preterm births in published studies, and to compare its efficacy with other methods.

Methods Randomized clinical trials published between 2010 and 2018 were selected from electronic databases. Studies on multiple gestations were excluded.

Results Two studies were in favor of the pessary as a preventive method, one study was contrary to the method and another two showed no statistically significant difference. The meta-analysis showed no statistical difference with the use of a cervical pessary in the reduction of births < 37 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.63; confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.38–1.06) and < 34 weeks (OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.35–1.57)

Conclusion The pooled data available to date seems to show a lack of efficacy of the cervical pessary in the prevention of preterm birth, although the heterogeneity of the studies made comparisons more difficult.
Treatment of Superficial Vein Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Duffett Lisa , Kearon Clive , Rodger Marc , Carrier Marc
Published: February 2019

Background The optimal first line treatment for patients with isolated superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) of the lower extremity is unknown.

Objective This article reports estimates of the rate of venous thromboembolic complications among patients with SVT according to treatment.

Materials and Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using unrestricted searches of electronic databases. Reported events were transformed to event per 100 patient-years of follow-up and a random effects model was used to calculate pooled rates according to pre-specified treatment categories. The primary outcome was the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) during the study follow-up period.

Results Seventeen articles, including 6,862 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Fondaparinux had the lowest event rate with 1.4 events per 100 patient-years of follow-up (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5–2.8, I
2 = 18%). Pooled event rates for DVT or PE ranged from 9.3 to 16.6 events per 100 patient-years across other treatment categories, and the pooled event rate for no treatment/placebo was 10.5 events per 100 patient-years (95% CI, 3.0–22.0). Major bleeding was low and similar across all treatment categories. Heterogeneity was moderate to high for most pooled estimates.

Conclusion While pooled event rates suggest that fondaparinux achieves the lowest rate of DVT or PE, low-quality evidence for other treatments prevents firm conclusions about the optimal treatment for SVT.