bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influência dos indicadores relacionados com governo eletrônico no Índice de Transparência Municipal (ITM) de Portugal
Authors:   Universidade de Aveiro, Vieira Kaio
Published: October 2023

Em que medida o Índice de Transparência Municipal (ITM) de Portugal é afetado pelos indicadores relacionados ao efeito esperado do governo eletrônico na transparência? Há inter-relacionamento entre eles? O presente artigo se propõe a responder a estas questões, utilizando-se do referencial teórico relacionado à transparência e ao governo eletrônico, que trata da importância da transparência, dos efeitos do governo eletrônico na transparência, do conteúdo dos sites governamentais e de como o governo eletrônico pode ajudar a melhorar a transparência. Por meio de procedimentos estatísticos, tratou-se de identificar a capacidade dos 15 indicadores selecionados para explicar o resultado do ITM, além de identificar similaridades entre os municípios portugueses e entre os indicadores. Os resultados mostraram que nos indicadores selecionados há poder de explicação considerável do ITM. Foi possível ainda identificar, dentre os 15, aqueles indicadores com maior poder de explicação do ITM bem como as similaridades entre os indicadores.
Production of nickel and cobalt metal powders under autoclave conditions
Authors: Belousova N. V. , Belousov O. V. , Borisov R. V. , Zhizhaev A. M. , Tomashevich Ye. V.
Published: October 2023

This paper presents the results of studies on the reduction of dispersed cobalt and nickel metal powders from their salts in ammonia-alkaline aqueous solutions under hydrothermal autoclave conditions. A unified and environmentally friendly method for producing these powders has been developed. Hydrazine hydrate, with a 25–50 % excess of the stoichiometric ratio, was used as a reducing agent. This choice allows for obtaining metal phases that are chemically uncontaminated by decomposition products. The experiments determined the conditions for the quantitative reduction of cobalt (II) and nickel (II) ions from ammonia-alkaline aqueous solutions. The synthesis temperature for the dispersed phases ranged from 110 to 155 °C. It has been demonstrated that under the conditions used, the process is completed quantitatively within 60 min. Metal concentrations in the solutions were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results of the X-ray phase analysis confirm that cobalt forms in the HCP lattice, while nickel forms in the FCC lattice. No other phases, including X-ray amorphous phases, were observed. It was found that with an increase in the hydrothermal synthesis temperature from 110 to 155 °C, the specific surface area of cobalt increased by more than 1.5 times, and that of nickel black powders increased by approximately 2 times. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that cobalt is formed in the shape of lamellar particles with a lateral size of about 500 nm and a thickness of 50 nm, which aggregate into fractal structures. Nickel is represented by spherical particles arranged in chain-like structures. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it was determined that the surface of the materials is covered with oxidized forms. The surface atomic concentration of cobalt (0) was approximately 2 %, while that of nickel (0) was about 25 %.
Ciberpornografía. Una guía preventiva para madres, padres y representantes
Authors: Figueroa-Sacoto Tábata , Torres-Toukoumidis Angel
Published: October 2023

La nueva sociedad está inmersa en una avalancha de contenidos provenientes de los espacios en línea. De ahí surge la necesidad de proteger y guiar a los más jóvenes en su travesía por la red, pues las facilidades para encontrar contenido inapropiado y explícito están a un solo clic de distancia. En respuesta a esta creciente problemática, nace esta guía. Una herramienta diseñada con el firme propósito de empoderar a padres y madres en su importante tarea de prevenir la dependencia a la ciberpornografía. En esta investigación se ha podido evidenciar la incapacidad de los padres, madres y representantes para comprender cómo funciona la industria de la pornografía en la red. Aquellas personas que padecen adicción al consumo de materiales explícitos, en su mayoría, se vieron expuestas a edades prematuras y, de haber sido supervisadas adecuadamente cuando ingresaron por primera vez a internet, no sufrirían los estragos que genera esta adicción. La complejidad de este asunto les impide intervenir, sin embargo, en esta guía les proponemos estrategias oportunas, útiles y asequibles.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОПОРНОГО КАРКАСА РАССЕЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Козлова Ольга Анатольевна , Ситковский Арсений Михайлович
Published: October 2023

Целью исследования является определение перечня опорных населённых пунктов, составляющих опорный каркас расселения Чувашской Республики с помощью авторской методики, базирующейся на анализе социально-демографических факторов.

Методологическую базу исследования составляют общелогические методы, методы исследования статистики, геоинформационные методы (построение карт-схем, метод изохрон). Для подготовки и обработки данных использовались MS Excel и MS Power BI, для построения карт — ESRI ArcGis и Here Studio. Источниками данных выступили краеведческие источники, данные «Всероссийской переписи населения-2010», оценочные данные о численности населения в населённых пунктах за 2020 год, а также данные о наличии и качестве объектов социальной инфраструктуры в населённых пунктах Чувашии, представленные на официальном геоинформационном портале Чувашии.

Результаты. В статье представлена методика выявления «опорного каркаса расселения» региона на основе анализа социально-демографических факторов. В данном случае «опорный каркас расслоения» представлен как сеть наиболее устойчивых населённых пунктов с точки зрения их демографической динамики, а также наиболее перспективных в плане наличия необходимой социальной инфраструктуры. Методика позволила выявить «опорный каркас расселения» Чувашской Республики. «Каркас» включает в себя 10 узловых центров, один из которых представлен Чебоксарской агломерацией, тогда как остальные 9 — «опорными населёнными пунктами» (включая 3 потенциальных и 3 состоящих из пары сопредельных населённых пунктов). Результат представлен в виде карты-схемы. Проанализированы и визуализированы зоны 30 и 60-минутной транспортной доступности от узловых центров «опорного каркаса».

Перспективы исследования. Представленная в статье методика определения «опорного каркаса расселения» на примере Республики Чувашии может служить инструментом для принятия обоснованных управленческих решений по формированию приоритетов в финансировании и модернизации узловых центров. Данный подход позволит создать ситуацию «управляемого сжатия» и обеспечить подавляющее большинство населения региона качественными услугами социальной сферы.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РОССИЙСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ
Authors: Маслова Юлия Владимировна , Самыгин Сергей Иванович
Published: October 2023

Цель исследования — анализ актуальных проблем в сфере обеспечения безопасности личности в информационной сфере в условиях цифровизации в современном российском обществе и определение оптимальных способов их решения в контексте государственной политики.

Методологическую базу исследования составляет совокупность приемов и методов, позволивших изучить проблематику, связанную с обеспечением безопасности личности в информационной сфере, и включивших основные теоретические положения социологии безопасности, концепцию постиндустриального и информационного общества, теорию виртуализации.

Результаты исследования. Проблема обеспечения безопасности личности в информационной сфере представляет собой проблему фундаментального характера, эффективное решение которой является залогом успешного развития общества в условиях новой, цифровой эпохи. Информационная безопасность личности выступает в качестве особого состояния, предполагающего высокий уровень защищенности психики человека от различных информационных угроз, которые препятствуют формированию адекватных ориентиров поведения личности в социуме. К числу наиболее значимых направлений политики государства, связанных с обеспечением безопасности личности в информационной сфере, следует отнести обеспечение защищенности граждан от различных угроз информационного характера, в том числе посредством формирования культуры личной информационной безопасности, а также повышение уровня цифровой грамотности граждан.

Перспективы исследования заключаются в возможности определения и практической реализации политики государства, направленной на обеспечение безопасности личности в информационной сфере в условиях цифровизации в современном российском обществе.
Non-invasive brain stimulation in craving disorders: evidence-based umbrella review
Authors: Sá Katia Nunes , Goulardins Juliana Barbosa , Sá Maristela Nunes , Baptista Rachel Fontes , Tanaka Clarice , Shirahige Livia , Monte-Silva Katia Karina , Baptista Abrahão
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: The use of brain stimulation in the control of craving disorders is controversial, mainly in relation to the best target, technique, duration, frequency and parameters. Several meta-analyses have been published, and their data should be summarized to support the best evidence-based clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To provide the best level of evidence for the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in the control of craving disorders. METHODS: Umbrella review registraded on Prospero (CRD42021239577), and conducted according to PRISMA recommendations. The methodological quality and evidence level were assessed through AMSTAR, AMSTAR rank and GRADE. RESULTS: A total of 81 meta-analyses were screened and the final analysis was made on 10 studies including 224 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) enrolling 5,555 patients. The main targets of stimulation were the right, left and bi-hemispheric dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. The studies used anodal tDCS, and high-frequency rTMS. The protocols with the larger effect sizes were anodal tDCS with 2mA, for 30 minutes over the right DLPFC (g=0.45; 95%CI 0.328-0.583; p<0.001), and high-frequency rTMS (10Hz), with 100% of the resting motor threshold, over the left DLPFC (g=1.116; 95%CI 0.597-1.634; p<0.001). The quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate because of inconsistencies mainly due to sample heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: The results of 10 meta-analyses assessing the efficacy of NIBS in the control of craving disorders are robust regarding the effect sizes and provide evidence that bi-hemispheric tDCS and high-frequency rTMS over the DLPFC are effective in the control of craving disorders. However, the evidence level is from low to moderate.
Discovery of Self through Language from the Perspective of Margaret Laurence’s The Stone Angel
Authors: Dr. G. Menaka  , Dr. D. Chitra
Published: October 2023

Search for self is the ultimatum of anybody’s life where the realization of their life sprouts with highly endowed discovery. The freedom from despair, destruction, and conflict emerges with the highly evacuated spirit of discontentment. Self-discovery touches the core of the soul when one is alive or on the verge of death. The study aims to converge on the retaliated experience of an old woman who is struck with the concept of ‘pride’ where no room for concern and love for her kith and kin even for herself. The revisit of the past enables her to realize her sense of in-human approach with her deep-rooted sense of class consciousness. The language of despair and destitution of the protagonist witnesses the enlarging vision of her soul in which seclusion resides. The research shows way for further studies on ‘communication gaps’ between the characters.
Estudio de una estructura de tipo origami como eslabón blando
Authors: Mena Lisbeth , Muñoz Jorge , Monje Concepcion A. , Martínez de la Casa Santiago , Balaguer Carlos
Published: October 2023

La robótica blanda es un campo relativamente nuevo que pretende reemplazar la robótica rígida tradicional por materiales y estructuras innovadoras y flexibles, que aportan libertad de movimiento, absorción de impactos y adaptación a entornos no controlados, entre otros. Este trabajo propone el estudio de una estructura de origami basada en el patrón de Kresling como eslabón blando, a partir del uso de materiales flexibles con memoria de forma. Este estudio pretende demostrar el comportamiento físico del origami partiendo de su geometría, a través de un accionamiento por tendón y la implementación de un sensor inercial que registra el ángulo de rotación relacionado con los grados de libertad que proporciona el patrón de Kresling.
Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Yılında Türkiye’de Kültürel Mirasın Korunması Süreci
Authors: OLCAY UÇKAN Bedia Yelda
Published: October 2023

İnsanlık tarihine ilişkin zengin kültürel mirası barındıran ülkemizde korumaya yönelik çabalar Cumhuriyet ile birlikte somut değerler ortaya koymuştur. Türkiye’nin binlerce yıllık kültürel birikimini ve kimliğini koruma konusunda bugüne nasıl ulaşıldığını gösteren tarihsel süreç bu bakımdan önemlidir. Tarihsel süreci anlamanın bu konuda bilinç oluşturmasına yapacağı katkı nedeniyle herkes tarafından bilinmesi gerekliliği de bir gerçektir. Ülkemizde korumanın tarihsel sürecine ilişkin yayınlar incelendiğinde, başlangıcının Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun son dönemine uzandığı görülmektedir. Osmanlı Döneminde başlatılan yasal düzenlemeler, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Döneminde devam etmiştir. Cumhuriyet’in kuruluş yıllarından itibaren sınırlı olanaklara rağmen bu konu, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün gündeminde olmuştur. Bu makalede, Cumhuriyetimizin 100.yılında koruma süreci irdelenip günümüzdeki durum genel hatlarıyla yansıtılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Türkiye Yükseköğretiminde 100 Yıllık Süreçte Açık ve Uzaktan Öğretim
Authors: ÇEKEROL Kamil
Published: October 2023

Türkiye’nin açık ve uzaktan öğretim yolculuğu Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşuna kadar uzamaktadır. Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşu ile kavramsal düzeyde gündeme gelen uzaktan eğitim 1950’li yıllara kadar tartışmalar ve önerilere konu olmuştur. 1950’li yıllarda özel projelerde yazışmalı eğitim yöntemi ile ilk uygulamalar ortaya çıkmış bunu Millî Eğitim Bakanlığının farklı düzeylerde yine yazışmalı eğitim kapsamındaki uygulamaları takip etmiştir. Uzaktan eğitim 1981 yılından itibaren Yükseköğretim Yasasının yürürlüğe girmesi ile Anadolu Üniversitesi Açıköğretim Fakültesinin yaygın uygulamaları ve diğer üniversitelerin uyguladıkları projeler ile önemli bir gelişim göstermiştir. 2000’li yıllardan itibaren ise üniversitelerin uzaktan öğretim diploma programları açmaya başlaması ve 2010’lu yıllarda yasal altyapının da oluşturulması ile uzaktan eğitim tüm üniversitelerde uygulama alanı bulmuş ve büyük ölçüde yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de 100 yıllık süreçte uzaktan eğitimin yükseköğretimdeki gelişimi dönemsel ayrımlarla sunulmakta ve 100. yıldaki uygulamalar veriler ışığında değerlendirilmektedir. Bu amaca yönelik olarak çalışmada sistematik derleme yaklaşımı ve doküman analizi olmak üzere çoklu yöntem kullanılmıştır. Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşundan günümüze kadarki dönem sistematik derleme yaklaşımı ile incelenerek, alan yazındaki bilimsel yayınlar taranmış, bulguları sentezlenerek analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca uzaktan eğitimin Türkiye’de günümüzdeki durumunu açıklamak amacıyla doküman analizi gerçekleştirilmiş, bu kapsamda alan yazındaki, Yükseköğretim Kurumu ve üniversitelerin web sayfaları ve yayınlarındaki basılı ve e ektronik materyaller incelenerek elde edilen veriler yorumlanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Türkiye yükseköğretiminde uzaktan eğitimin gelişiminin, Mektupla Öğretim, Merkezi Açıköğretim ve Uzaktan Eğitimin Yaygınlaşması Dönemleri olmak üzere üç döneme ayrılabileceği ortaya konmuştur. Her dönemin kendine özgü uygulamaları ve söz konusu gelişimi belirleyen özellikleri eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla çalışmada sunulmaktadır.
Küresel Yaşlanma Serüveninde Yaşlanan Türkiye Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ARI Münevver
Published: October 2023

Nüfusun değişen yaş yapısıyla birlikte dünyayı etkisi altına alan küresel yaşlanma süreci Türkiye’yi de yakında etkilemektedir. Doğum oranları, ölüm oranları ve göç hareketleri gibi demografik özelliklerle birlikte bu değişim açıkça görülmekte ve toplumdaki yaş gruplarına bakıldığında da yaşlı nüfusun payının arttığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Cumhuriyetin 100. Yılında Türkiye’de yaşlanma olgusunun nasıl bir süreç yaşadığını, nüfus verileri ve literatürde yer alan çalışmalar üzerinden ele almakta ve toplumun yaşlanan topluma doğru nasıl bir dönüşüm yaşadığı, bu dönüşümün çeşitli toplumsal kurum ve yapıları nasıl dönüştürmeye başladığı yaşlılık konulu yapılmış sosyolojik ve sosyal gerontolojik çalışmalarla ilişkilendirilmesini konu edinmektedir. Çalışma yaşlanma konusunda Türkiye’nin 100 yıllık süreçteki değişimlerinin neler olduğunu tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu zaman zarfında yaşlılık olgusunun nasıl bir süreçten geçtiğine bakıldığında, yaşlılara yönelik bakım hizmetlerinin her ne kadar devlet ve aile ortaklaşmasıyla yürütüldüğü anlaşılsa da bu konuda sorumluluğun ailenin üzerine yüklenmiş bir sorumluluk olduğu incelenen çalışmalardan da anlaşılmıştır. Türkiye için yaşlı toplum olmanın, yaşlı nüfusun getirilerinden özellikle birkaçı çarpıcıdır. Yaşlı nüfus içinde kadın nüfusun fazla olması yaşlılığın kadınlaşması beraberinde getirirken bir diğer konu ise yalnız yaşayan yaşlıların artmasıdır. Ayrıca kadın nüfusun erkek nüfusa göre daha yoksul olması da bir kesişimselliğin olduğunu göstermektedir. Yaşlı nüfus gruplarının yoksul olması, yalnız yaşayan birey olması, kırsalda yaşaması, engelli olması, bir nüfus grubu olarak toplum içinde onları daha savunmasız bireyler haline getirmekte ve onları toplumsal hayat içinde dezavantajlı bir grup olarak bırakmaktadır. Yaşlılara yönelik tutumun negatif ayrımcı bir oluşum gösterdiği ve bu ayrımın sadece yaşlarından dolayı yapıldığı da bir diğer konudur.
100. Yılında Türk Devlet Geleneğinde Cumhuriyet Felsefesinin Epistemo-Ontolojik Temelleri ve Analizi: Kuramdan Uygulamaya Tarihsel Evrim
Authors: ÜLGER Emir Hasan
Published: October 2023

Türk düşünce tarihine baktığımızda, son derece önemli bir felsefi birikimin, askeri, ideolojik, entelektüel ve devlet kuramında kullanıldığını ve Osmanlı’nın, geçirmiş olduğu diyalektik- kültürel evrim sonucunda zorunlu olarak “modern-seküler-akılcıl” bir siyaset ve toplum felsefesine doğru evrim geçirdiğini görürüz. Osmanlı siyasal felsefesinin gelişiminde, modern batı kökenli sözleşmeci (yapay) ve çatışmacı devlet kuramlarının hem Osmanlı hem de Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin siyasal-düşünsel gelişiminde derin bir etkide bulunduğunu görürüz. Fakat bu gelişimin tarihsel ve diyalektik olarak zorlukları ve aşılması güç çelişkileri de vardır. Bu çözülmesi güç olan felsefi, tarihsel, sosyo-ekonomik çelişkilerin aşılması nerdeyse iki yüzyıl sürmüştür. Osmanlı modernleşme hamleleri pek çok Padişah’ın otoritesini derinden sarsmış olmasına rağmen, bu değişim dinamiği kendisini sürekli dayatmıştır. Bu arayışın felsefi metodoloji içinde gelişiminin modern Türkiye Cumhuriyeti felsefesine evrildiğini de ayrıca görürüz. Bu amaçla bu incelemede, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşunun 100 yılında, bu yüzyılın, kendi içinde çeşitli felsefi-ekonomik doktrinlerin çarpışmasını ve bunların aşılması süreci incelenecektir. Modern Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluş felsefesi, İngiliz, Fransız, Alman Aydınlanmasından etkiler taşıdığı gibi aynı zamanda Türk düşünce tarihinden de etkiler almıştır. Bu etkiyi yapılan Üniversite reformunda, Modern Cumhuriyetin bilimsel, askeri, ekonomi, kültür, sanat ve toplumsal alanda yapmış olduğu modern devrimlerde ve kurmuş olduğu yeni modern “ulus devletinde” görebiliriz. Bu amaçla bu incelemede 100. yılında Cumhuriyet felsefesinin köklerinde var olan temel düşünsel paradigmalar, epistemolojik ve ontolojik kökenleri bağlamında, açık kılınmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla yaptığımız bu incelemede, yeni yüzyıla girerken, siyasal ve entelektüel öz bilincin artık, yeni bir seviyeye ulaştığını; Osmanlı’dan beri var olan iki yüzyıllık çatışmanın çözülerek, kendisini aştığını ve diyalektik olarak yeni bir paradigmaya dönüştüğünü de görebilmekteyiz.
Eskişehir Şeker Fabrikası’nın Görsel Sosyolojisi: İşçi Deneyimleri
Authors: ÖZDAMAR AKARÇAY Gülbin , AKARÇAY Erhan
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada Eskişehir Şeker Fabrikası özelinde Türkiye’de şekerin üretim, tüketim süreçlerine odaklanılarak şeker üzerindeki değişen politikalar irdelenmiştir. Eskişehir Şeker Fabrikası’nın toplumsal bellekteki yeri cumhuriyet modernleşmesi ideallerinin temsilini gösteren arşiv fotoğraflarından yararlanılarak işçi deneyimleri üzerinden ortaya konulmuştur. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin sanayileşme ve modernleşme projesinin en önemli araçlarından birine dönüşen şekerin ve şeker fabrikalarının tarihini modernleşme, sanayileşme, toplumsal ve kent belleği bağlamında okumak mümkündür. Bu çerçevede Eskişehir Şeker Fabrikası, fabrikanın kurulu olduğu bölge (Şeker Mahallesi), lojmanları, okulu, spor kulübüyle birlikte toplumsal yaşamın örgütlendiği ve biçimlendiği bir anlayışı temsil etmektedir. Eskişehir’e özgü mekânlardan biri olarak Şeker Fabrikası kentin sembollerinden biridir. Bu bağlamda veri toplama aracı olarak odak grup görüşmesi ve fotografik uyarım tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmada üç kuşak şeker fabrikası çalışanının bir arada olarak fabrikanın geçmişine ve bugününe dair anlatılarını aynı ortamda aktarmaları amaçlanmıştır. Fotografik uyarım ile katılımcılara, fotoğraflarda tespit edilen değişiklikler, bunların ne ifade ettiği, toplumsal anlamlar, toplumsal değişme, üretim ilişkileri, sosyal yaşam ile ilişkili sorular sorularak, sosyal ve kültürel olaylar hakkındaki detaylı bilgilere ulaşmak amaçlanmıştır. Böylelikle Eskişehir Şeker Fabrikası’nın kent ve fabrika belleğindeki toplumsal izleri ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Yılında Sosyal Bilimler Özel Sayısı Fotoğraf Albümü
Authors: SOSYAL BİLİMLER DERGİSİ Anadolu Üniversitesi
Published: October 2023

Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi

Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Yılında Sosyal Bilimler Özel Sayısı

Fotoğraf Albümü
The efficacy of combining low-level laser therapy with oral motor exercises in patients with temporomandibular disorders (pilot study)
Authors: Alqahtani Ali M. , Almohaya Mai S. , Al Torairi Nezar S. , Otaibi Lubna M. Al
Published: October 2023

Background: The term temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is used for clinical signs and symptoms affecting the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and associated structures or both. TMDs may present clinically with facial pain in the region of the TMJs and/or muscles of mastication, limitation in mouth opening, and TMJ clicking during mastication. Treatment of TMDs includes occlusal splints, drug therapy, physiotherapy, auriculotherapy and low-level laser therapy (LLLT).
Methods: Ten patients with TMD were recruited from the Oral Medicine clinics at Prince Sultan Military Medical City. The participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. All participants attended a total of eight laser treatment sessions using a 940 nm diode laser. The deep-tissue laser hand-piece was applied perpendicular to the Temporalis muscle, Masseter muscle and TMJ region bilaterally. Patients in the second group attended physiotherapy sessions in addition to the laser sessions. Participants were evaluated for range of mandibular movement, pain, and tenderness to palpation before treatment, one-week post-treatment, and thirty days after treatment completion.
Results: This study, being a pilot study, was conducted in a comparatively small number of patients. It allowed for the assessment of research feasibility, methodology, limitations, and preliminary outcomes. Moreover, variations in the response to treatment were observed between the two groups, with results of this study supporting previous findings that LLLT is an effective treatment for TMD symptoms, tenderness to palpation, as well as improving jaw functional behavior.
Conclusions: Therefore, LLLT therapy may be a promising tool for the management of TMD, especially when combined with physiotherapy.
Assessment of knowledge of differentiated service delivery among HIV-positive patients receiving care in a Southeastern Nigerian State
Authors: Ekwuofu Azubuike A. , Dim Obinna F. , Adibe Maxwell O. , Okwara Uzoma B.
Published: October 2023

Background: Since the adoption of the differentiated service delivery (DSD) as a programmatic strategy in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Imo state, no research has assessed the level of knowledge of DSD among HIV-positive patients receiving ART in the state, a research gap which this study aimed to fill.

Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out among the adult patients receiving ART in three DSD models and the usual care group at one tertiary and three secondary hospitals using a structured questionnaire validated by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using the statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) version 24. All the analysis was performed at p≤0.05.

Results: Of the 542 questionnaires retrieved, the female gender was predominant in all the groups. Up to 57.3% and 55.5% of the patients had good knowledge and perception towards differentiated care respectively.  A significant difference was found in the mean perception among the groups (F (3.538)=9.309, p<0.05). While education and participation in HIV activities were found to be significant predators of knowledge of DSD, (F (10.466)=3.082, R2 of 0.062, p<0.05), only education was found to be determinant of perception.

Conclusions: This study has shown that the patients had fair knowledge of the DSD in all the models examined, as well as the usual group; and this did not differ significantly across the groups. However, there is need to improve on patients' enlightenment of the initiative, especially for those in the usual care group.
The interplay between antidiabetic medications and cancer risk
Authors: Durrani Duaa , Hassan Muhammad , Zulfikar Aimen
Published: October 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of metabolic disorders marked by chronic hyperglycemia. Its primary cause usually involves impaired insulin secretion or impaired insulin action. Its prevalence is escalating globally. Type II DM (T2DM) is becoming more common, and it is expected to afflict 7.7% (439 million) of persons aged 20 to 79 by 2030. Diabetes appears to be linked to an increased risk of a variety of cancers, ranging from a 20 to 30% greater risk of breast or colorectal cancer to a 97% increased chance of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or endometrial cancer. Shared risk factors and potential biochemical pathways have prompted investigations into the effect of antidiabetic medications (ADMs) on cancer risk. We intend to investigate the link between diabetes drugs and cancer development.
Metales antiguos del Museo de Cuenca procedentes del expolio y donaciones particulares
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cebrián Fernández Rosario Cebrián Fernández , Hortelano Uceda Ignacio , Rodríguez Ruza Concepción
Published: October 2023

Los fondos del Museo de Cuenca custodian auténticas colecciones de materiales procedentes de la actuación de expoliadores clandestinos y de donaciones y entregas realizadas por particulares, que constituyen una valiosa documentación de la riqueza cultural y patrimonial de la provincia. La mayoría de ellos permanecen inéditos. Entre estos materiales, se encuentra un conjunto de objetos de metal, dejando fuera las monedas, que se caracterizan por su heterogeneidad tipológica. Presentamos en este volumen el estudio de un total de 1.745 piezas, desprovistas de contexto arqueológico. Por ello, han sido datadas por paralelos formales del ámbito peninsular y foráneo, que abarcan un período cronológico que se sitúa entre la Edad del Bronce y la Edad Media.
National Scientific Conference: “The Situation of Disabled Citizens in Poland and in the World from the Perspective of Various Areas of Socio-economic Life”, Szczecin, 20–21 October 2022 roku
Authors: Słotwińska Karolina
Published: October 2023

W dniach 20–21 października 2022 r. w Szczecinie odbyła się Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa „Sytuacja obywateli niepełnosprawnych w Polsce i na świecie z perspektywy różnych dziedzin życia społeczno-gospodarczego”. Jest to kolejna ogólnopolska konferencja naukowa z zakresu inkluzji społecznej osób z niepełnosprawnościami organizowana przez Wydział Prawa i Administracji Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Konferencja została zorganizowana w ramach projektu „Uniwersyteckie Centrum Wiedzy o Dostępności w Szczecinie”, finansowanego z grantu
przyznanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (POWR.03.05.00--00-CW03/20). Celem konferencji było zwrócenie uwagi na szczególne potrzeby osób z niepełnosprawnościami we współczesnym świecie, a także ocena współczesnych rozwiązań zaistniałych w praktyce problemów oraz próba wypracowania kompleksowego modelu ochrony praw tych osób, w ramach postulatów de lege ferenda. Konferencja w swym merytorycznym zakresie obejmowała zagadnienia zarówno o charakterze systemowym, jak i szczegółowym, przynależnym naukom prawnym, medycznym, pedagogicznym czy socjologicznym. W konferencji uczestniczyli przedstawiciele polskich środowisk akademickich reprezentujący 19 ośrodków akademickich, którzy wygłosili 46 referatów.
Research on foreign body detection in transmission lines based on a multi-UAV cooperative system and YOLOv7
Authors:   Yuxi Power Supply Bureau, Yunnan Power Grid Corporation, Chang R. , Mao Z.X. ,   Information Center, Yunnan Power Grid Co., LTD, Hu J. ,   Information Center, Yunnan Power Grid Co., LTD, Bai H.C. ,   Network and Information Center, Yunnan Normal University, Zhou C.J. ,   School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Yang Y. ,   School of Information Science and Technology, Yunnan Normal University, Gao S. ,   Guangzhou JianRuan Technology Co., Ltd.
Published: October 2023

The unique plateau geographical features and variable weather of Yunnan, China make transmission lines in this region more susceptible to coverage and damage by various foreign bodies compared to flat areas. The mountainous terrain also presents great challenges for inspecting and removing such objects. In order to improve the efficiency and detection accuracy of foreign body inspection of transmission lines, we propose a multi-UAV collaborative system specifically designed for the geographical characteristics of Yunnan's transmission lines in this paper. Additionally, the image data of foreign bodies was augmented, and the YOLOv7 target detection model, which offers a more balanced trade-off between precision and speed, was adopted to improve the accuracy and speed of foreign body detection.
Performance evaluation of underwater vision systems
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Kolyuchkin V.Y. , Kostylev N.M. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Gulina Y.S. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University,   P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2023

The article describes a methodology for performance evaluation of vision systems for remotely operated underwater vehicles. The methodology is based on a system approach and uses mathematical models of the aqueous medium where an optical signal propagates, the underwater object image registration system, and the mathematical model of the human visual system. The detection and recognition probabilities of underwater object image at a given registration range are used as performance evaluation indicators of underwater vision systems. The mathematical model of the aqueous medium developed by the authors allows quantitative evaluation of the influence of backscattering interference arising during objects illumination on the underwater vision system performance. The results of numerical experiments presented in the paper illustrate the possibility of using the proposed technique to optimize the underwater object image registration system parameters in order to achieve the required values of detection or recognition probabilities at the given ranges.
Application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology for solving the problem of semantic segmentation of fundus images
Authors:   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Demin N.S. ,   Samara National Research University, Ilyasova N.Y. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Paringer R.A. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University, Kirsh D.V. ,   IPSI RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS,   Samara National Research University
Published: October 2023

The paper presents main aspects of the application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology for the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, considering the problem of semantic segmentation of fundus images as an example. The classic approach to semantic segmentation on the basis of textural features is compared to the proposed approach based on neural networks. Basic problems of using the neural network approach in biomedicine are formulated. We propose a new method for selecting an optimal zone of laser exposure for laser coagulation based on two neural networks. The first network is used for detecting anatomical objects in the fundus and the second one is used for selecting the area of macular edema. The region of interest is formed from the edema area while taking into account the location of anatomical objects in it. A comparative analysis of sev-eral architectures of neural networks for solving the problem of selecting the edema area is carried out. The best results in the selection of the edema area are shown by the neural network architecture of Unet++.
Nonparametric estimation of the number of classes with different average brightness in thermal images
Authors:   Branch of JSC ", Galyntich A.N. ,   PO UOMZ Ural-SibNIIRS",   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Raifeld M.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University
Published: October 2023

When there is no information about the number of brightness classes, synthesizing algorithms for automatic image threshold segmentation involves a problem of determining the number of thresholds. The solution to the problem of estimating the number of classes in an image can be based on representing its distribution as a mixture of distributions of brightness classes when priori probabilities are unknown, or estimating the number of histogram modes. At the same time, it is known that the mixture splitting problem has a solution only for certain types of distributions and the histogram modes are not always distinguishable. In the general case, when the distributions of brightness classes are unknown, there are difficulties in applying these methods. The article proposes a non-parametric approach to determining the number of classes that differ in average brightness, based on rank histograms and using the property of local spatial grouping of elements of each brightness class in the image.
Monte Carlo modeling of temporal point spread functions and sensitivity functions for mesoscopic time-resolved fluorescence molecular tomography
Authors:   FSUE ", Samarin S.I. ,   Russian Federal Nuclear Center – Zababakhin All-Russia Research Institute of Technical Physics", Konovalov A.B. ,   FSUE "Russian Federal Nuclear Center – Zababakhin All-Russia Research Institute of Technical Physics", Vlasov V.V. ,   FSUE "Russian Federal Nuclear Center – Zababakhin All-Russia Research Institute of Technical Physics", Solovyev I.D. ,   Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Science, Savitsky A.P. ,   Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tuchin V.V. ,   Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Science,   Chernyshevsky Saratov State University
Published: October 2023

The paper describes a TurbidMC code that implements a perturbative Monte Carlo method to model temporal point spread functions and sensitivity functions for time-resolved fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT). The code is aimed at working with a particular FMT method published earlier (Ref. [22]) which defines the specificity of sensitivity function calculation. The method solves the inverse problem first for a generalized fluorescence parameter distribution function and then calculates separate distributions for the fluorophore absorption coefficient and the fluorescence lifetime. The proper operation of the code was verified through a comparison between fluorescence temporal point spread functions from test calculations and data from experiments where a phantom with a fluorophore was scanned with a three-channel probe in the mesoscopic reflectance regime. An example is given on the reconstruction of fluorescence parameter distributions. It shows that the sensitivity functions are calculated correctly.
Six-wave interaction with double wavefront reversal in multimode waveguides with Kerr and thermal nonlinearities
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Ivakhnik V.V. , Kapizov D.R. ,   Samara National Research University, Nikonov V.I. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: October 2023

Spatial selectivity of six-wave radiation converters, which perform double wavefront conjugation of a signal wave in long multimode waveguides with both Kerr and thermal nonlinearities, is studied. Waveguides with infinitely conductive surfaces, with a parabolic refractive index profile, were used. It is shown that the spatial structure of the first pump wave does not affect the quality of doubled wavefront conjugation in a waveguide with Kerr nonlinearity, but only slightly affects the quality of doubled wavefront conjugation in a waveguide with thermal nonlinearity. A decrease in the radius of the second Gaussian pump wave on the back face of the waveguide leads to an improvement in the quality of the doubled wavefront reversal both in the case of six-wave interaction in the Kerr and thermal nonlinearities. In a parabolic waveguide, when the zero mode of the waveguide is excited by pump waves at a constant frequency of the second pump wave, an increase in the frequency of the first pump wave worsens the quality of the double wavefront conjugation.
Demonstration of the politician’s national identity with the help of culture-bound elements
Authors: Yelizaryeva M. A. , Nagumanova V. A. , Chigasheva M. A. , Goncharova N. A.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the actualization of national identity of a political individual subject with the help of linguistic means (based on the government statements of the former German Chancellor A. Merkel). Given that the construction of national identity takes place in the language, it is proposed to consider culture-bound elements as the main marker of national identity. The purpose of the study is to reveal the relationship between the demonstration of ethnic identity in the speech of an individual political subject and the use of language means that reflect national specifics. General scientific (description, continuous sampling method) and linguistic (linguoculturological and discursive analysis) methods were used in the research. Statistical methods (Chi-square, Cramer’s coefficient) were used to obtain more accurate results and test the hypothesis about the presence or absence of a relationship between language markers and the demonstration of the politician’s national identity. The material of the study was the texts of 34 government statements of the former chancellor of Germany A. Merkel in the period between 2014 and 2021. The chronological framework is determined by extralinguistic factors (the beginning of the Ukrainian crisis and the end of the chancellor’s term), which must be taken into account when analyzing political discourse. This genre of political communication has not been subjected to thorough linguistic analysis, so this study has a certain novelty. The selected lexical units were classified according to the onomastic principle (toponyms, anthroponyms, polytonyms, official names, geortonyms, ethnonyms) and divided into two categories: units denoting German and other realities. A total of 1902 units and 5823 cases of use. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis and indicate the presence of a dependence, but indicate a weak degree of correlation. The proposed approach seems to be innovative, since it allows us to comprehensively consider the phenomenon of identity and can help to correctly interpret and demonstrate the intentions of a political individual subject in public speeches.
Review on the monograph: Evgrashkina E. The semiotic nature of semantic uncertainty in modern poetic discourse, based on the material of German and Russian poetry. NEUERE LYRIK. Interkulturelle und interdisziplinäre Studien. Herausgegeben von Henrieke Stahl, Dmitrij Bak, Hermann Korte, Hiroko Masumoto und Stephanie Sandler. BAND 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2019. 173 S. ISBN 978-3-631-78193-7
Authors: Kuchumova G. V.
Published: October 2023

The monograph by E. Evgrashkina examines the semiotic possibilities of the language of contemporary Russian- and German-language poetic texts. Instrumental tuning of the theoretical field of research requires detailed coverage of the concepts of «language games», «poetic discourse», «semiotic reality», «semiosis». Poetic discourse is identified with a semiotic process in which a special kind of semiosis is realized – «mobile semiosis», involving the reader in the game of appearances and «flickering of meanings». The development of the semiotic potential of individual lyrical texts of German- and Russian authors is traced. Their poetic texts of these authors reveal a complex composition of signs, syntax decay, rejection of rhyme, lexical «innovations», changes in conventional graphics, playing with punctuation marks etc. The main significance of the monograph by E. Evgrashkina is determined by the theoretical understanding of individual poetic practices, the study of the semiotic potential of language and the field of its functioning in modern Russian- and German poetic texts.
Digital competence of a human resource specialist
Authors: Ezhkov D. O.
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to develop digital competence among HR specialists. Various approaches are considered to the definition of the concept of «digital competence» and the selection of the content of the professional activities of HR specialists to perform new labor functions in accordance with its specifics and features, which implies certain changes in the educational environment in the digital economy. Due to the lack of programs to build the readiness of a personnel management specialist, it is difficult to perform such a function as strategic management of the workforce. An attempt was made to resolve the contradiction between the request for these specialists and the uncertainty in the strategy for determining the totality of competencies as an integrative property of a person.
Optimization of methods of teaching technical translation to aerospace engineering science students
Authors: Vlasova S. V.
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the proof of the need to train students of aviation and rocket specialties in technical translation in the modern conditions of global challenges and new state requirements for the training of a competitive engineer. Based on the analysis of scientific works of researchers of the theory and practice of translation, as well as the generalization of methodological experience of the author of the article, the current trends in teaching the translation of aerospace vocabulary in a technical university are considered. The didactic, educational, social aspects of teaching technical translation are considered in the context of a practice-oriented approach to the formation of communicative competence among students of engineering specialties. Exercises for the development of technical translation skills based on the principles of a differentiated approach to learning are proposed. Methodical recommendations are given.
Fascism and the Trans Villain: Historically Recurring Transphobia in Far-Right Politics
Authors: Higgins Penelope
Published: October 2023

This article builds a base of historical and theoretical context to understand the resurgence of transphobic propaganda and violence led by the American far-right through an examination of the connections between trans politics and global political economies of capitalism. Through a synthesis of established theories of fascism, a historical analysis of fascism, and a case study of propagandistic transphobia in two American films from the height of the Cold War, I argue that the proliferation of contemporary anti-trans sentiment reflects the state of crisis that the American empire is experiencing as domestic and international resistance threatens its global hegemony. Further I argue that a historical and theoretical examination of fascism and trans issues show the capacity for fascistic anti-trans violence not as a departure from the norm of liberal democratic nation-state systems that developed through the processes of capital, but rather as a constitutive part of that norm. Trans historians must mobilize historical knowledge and practice to disseminate public facing works that furnish a wide base of readers with the tools to understand and contextualize contemporary trans panic as it metastasizes.
Current Computer Language in the Associations of schoolchildren
Authors:   Saratov State University, Sdobnova A.P.
Published: October 2023

The work is based on the materials of the Associative Dictionary of Saratov schoolchildren; it represents the research of the structure of the so-called computer lexicon in the associations of schoolchildren. It is shown that the computer words are a part of the vocabulary of all age groups, and that their importance increases as the schoolchildren become more mature. The data of the associative dictionary allow to reveal a number of factors (age, sex, place of residence, type of educational institution) defining unequal importance of the computer vocabulary in the language consciousness of different groups of schoolchildren.
Politics of Multiculturalism and Modern Ethnocultural and Language Processes
Authors:   Transbaikal State Humanitarian and Pedagogical Institute University, Razumova L.V.
Published: October 2023

In the article a number of modern ideological systems is examined; among them a special emphasis is placed on multiculturalism, on its being revealed at the social, cultural and language levels. These three levels are studied together on the ground of the “dynamic model” notion, which characterizes the processes taking place in the society, as well as the cultural and language processes.
Variation of Fixed Plots in Dialect texts (on the Materials of the text Corpus of the Village Belogornoje)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kamenskaya Yu.V.
Published: October 2023

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of the dialect communication; factors of the variation of the fixed plot line are examined within one dialect.
Universal and national Components in the structure of the Literary Concept HOUSE/HOME and the Possibility of their translation into a Different Culture (on the Material of T.S. Eliot Poems of 1910–1920)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Butenko A.A.
Published: October 2023

The article covers textual realization of the concept HOUSE (HOME); the English national concept is compared to that of T.S. Eliot. The amounts of national and universal components in the author’s concept are defined in order to determine the possibility of it being translated into another culture.