bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RGCC is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Huiwen , Su Yan , Jia Jianhua , Wang Qi
Published: May 2023

Background
RGCC (regulator of cell cycle) is a protein-coding gene, also known as RGC-32(response gene to complement 32 protein), which is an important regulatory gene of cell cycle progression. However, the relationship between RGCC and breast cancer prognosis and tumor immune cells remains unclear.
Methods and results
RGCC differential expression analysis was performed based on TCGA, GEO, UALCAN and HPA databases, respectively. Then, KM curve and ROC curve were constructed to evaluate the prognosis and diagnostic value of RGCC. In addition, Immune Infiltration Analysis was performed by ssGSEA. scTIME and cancerSEA databases were used to illustrate the relationship between RGCC and tumor immune cells at the single-cell level. Subsequently, the clinical relevance of RGCC was discussed and Nomogram and calibration curves were constructed. Finally, R package clusterProfiler was used for enrichment of the GO (Gene Oncology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways to explore the biological function of RGCC.
Results
Low expression of RGCC in breast cancer was associated with better overall survival (OS) and Disease Specific Survival (DSS), and ROC curve suggested that RGCC had a good diagnostic value. The expression of RGCC was positively correlated with the invasion levels of iDC, Macrophages, Neutrophils, CD8 T cells, and Th1 cells. RGCC was positively correlated with immunoinhibitors TGFB1 and immunostimulators C10orf54, CD40, CXCL12, CXCR4, IL6, NT5E, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF8 and TNFSF9 in BRCA. Single cell data showed that RGCC was highly expressed in Macrophages. RGCC mRNA expression was significantly correlated with Age, Histological type, T stage, HER2 status and PAM50. Mechanistically, we found that RGCC is closely related to cell adhesion and MHC Class II protein complexes. RGCC was associated with angiogenesis in two single-cell datasets.
Conclusions
RGCC may play an important role in cell proliferation and metastasis, and can be used as a prognostic biomarker to determine the prognosis of BRCA and immune invasion.
The efficacy and markers of recurrence of stereotactic body radiation therapy alone for hepatocellular carcinoma with the portal vein invasion (≤5 cm)
Authors: Jia Jun , Sun Jing , Li Dong , He Wei-ping , Zhang Ai-min , Li Wen-gang , Duan Xuezhang
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with the portal vein invasion (≤5 cm) and explore the association between pretreatment platelet count and out-field recurrence and radiation-induced liver disease (RILD).
Methods: A total of 490 HCC patients whose single lesion with the portal vein invasion (≤5 cm) treated with SBRT were included in our study. 334 patients were retrospectively enrolled and 156 patients were prospectively included in our investigation respectively.
Results: The 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96.7%, 80.6% and 72.3%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year progression free survival (PFS) rates were 80.5%, 58.4% and 45.1%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rates were 82.2%, 61.8% and 48.3%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year local control (LC) rates were 98.2%, 95.1% and 93.5%, respectively. A lower pretreatment PLT count was found to be associated with worse OS rates (HR 0.990, 95% CI 0.985-0.996, p=0.001*), PFS rates (HR 0.995, 95% CI 0.993-0.998, p=0.001*) and higher occurrence rates of RILD (HR 0.978, 95% CI 0.965-0.991, p=0.001*).
Conclusions: SBRT was a safe and effective option in patients with the portal vein invasion (≤5 cm), which had shown good LC, OS rates and low toxicity. The platelet count could predict out-field recurrence and RILD.
The mixed solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation and the analysis of nonlinear transformed waves
Authors: An Yongning , Guo Rui
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we obtain the N-soliton solution for the (2 + 1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation by the Hirota bilinear method. On this basis, the breathers and lumps can be obtained using the complex conjugate parameter as well as the long wave limit method, and the mixed solutions containing them are investigated. Then, different nonlinear transformed waves are obtained from breathers and lumps under specific conditions, which include quasi-anti-dark soliton, M-shaped soliton, oscillation M-shaped soliton, multi-peak soliton, quasi-periodic soliton and W-shaped soliton. Finally, on the basis of the two-breather solutions, we discuss in detail the mixed solutions consisting of one breather and one nonlinear transformed wave, and the mixed solutions formed by two nonlinear transformed waves.
Multidomain Interventions for Non-pharmacological Enhancement (MINE) Program in Chinese Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Multi-center Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Authors: Wu Xiaochu , Zhang Tianyao , Tu Yanhao , Deng Xueling , A Sigen , Li Yuxiao , Jing Xiaofan , Wei Lixuan , Huang Ning , Cheng Ying , Deng Linghui , Jia Shuli , Du Yingshi , Liu Yongming , Li Xiuli , He Yan , Gao Yanling , Zhou Lihua , Zhang Qin , Yang Yongxue , Li Jun , Jiang Ning , Dong Birong
Published: May 2023

Background
Dementia is characterized by insidious onset, difficult early diagnosis, and unclear pathogenesis without effective treatment. Therefore, the best intervention window is mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in pre-dementia. There are significant differences in health awareness, living customs, and daily behaviors among Chinese older adults compared to Europeans and Americans. Because the synergistic benefits of multidomain non-pharmacological interventions are consistent with the multifactorial pathogenicity of MCI, such interventions are more appealing, easier to adhere to, and more relevant to daily life than single-mode interventions. This study aims to investigate and validate multidomain intervention strategies for MCI patients based on Chinese population characteristics, establish a biological sample and image database to investigate the pathogenesis and pathways of cognitive impairment, and develop digital tools for MCI early intervention based on deep learning technology.
Methods
Our study was designed as a national multi-center, double-blind, community-based cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT). Twelve medical institutions in ten Chinese cities will participate in our study from 2022 to 2024, and 1080 community residents aged 50 and above will be enrolled as participants. Each sub-center will be responsible for 90 participants (30 people per community) across three communities (blank control group, health education group, and multidomain intervention group). All data gener–ated by the research will be analyzed and processed by statistical software (such as SPSS, R, etc.), and part of the research data will be displayed in the form of graphs and tables. The community will be the basic unit of the present study, and all participants in each community will receive the same intervention/control measure.
Discussion
As the optimal intervention window for the prevention of dementia, there is a lack of research evidence based on Southeast Asian population for mild cognitive impairment. Multidomain intervention is more in line with the diversified composition of lifestyle of the elderly. Compared with single intervention, the compliance of intervention objects is higher and easier to adhere to. Through the changes and comparison of subjects' biological sample information before and after the intervention, the biological targets and potential mechanisms related to cognitive intervention were explored.
Trial registration
ChiCTR2000035012
Prognosis of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment on cardiac shock after acute myocardial infarction: A bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Liu Chuanzhen , Wei Kaiming , Lv Xin , Gu Xinghua , Liu Shuqin
Published: May 2023

Background
Cardiac shock after acute myocardial infarction becomes more common with age and the improvement of living standards. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective treatment for such patients. However, genes and molecular processes that can predict the prognosis of shock after acute myocardial infarction with ECMO treatment are not known. Methods: The microarray dataset (GSE93101) was retrieved from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) online database. Differential expression, weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA), gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed. In order to find the first five hub genes, we used the mutual construction of the PPI network and the Cytoscape software. And then, the gene-miRNA network was performed to determine the regulated miRNAs of the hub genes. Results: 10 genes were obtained when those in the two highest correlation modules of WGCNA were intersected with the differential genes. 104 differential genes were found to be associated with oxidoreductase activity and metabolic pathways. We found the first five hub genes using the Cytoscape software: CD68, C8A, NR1H4, and ADGRE1 genes were downregulated while TMPRSS6 was upregulated. TMPRSS6 had the highest degree of affinity and was regulated by 29 miRNAs, while CD68, NR1H4, CD163, and C8A were regulated by 18, 14, 14, and 2 miRNAs, respectively. Conclusion: Through comprehensive analysis, CD68, which was regulated by 18 miRNAs, was found to be associated with the prognosis of ECMO after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the mechanism may be associated with macrophage differentiation.
In vivo reprogramming of macrophages using pro-resolving factors to resolve experimental CNS inflammation
Authors: Gauthier Thierry , Martin-Rodriguez Omayra , Chagué Cécile , Daoui Anna , Ceroi Adam , Varin Alexis , Bonnefoy Francis , Valmary-Degano Séverine , Couturier Mélanie , Behlke Susanne , Saas Philippe , Perruche Sylvain
Published: May 2023

Background
Reinstating inflammation resolution presents an innovative concept to regain inflammation control in diseases marked by chronic inflammation. While most therapeutics target inflammatory molecules and inflammatory effector cells and mediators, targeting macrophages to initiate inflammation resolution to control neuroinflammation has not yet been attempted. Resolution-phase macrophages are critical in the resolution process to regain tissue homeostasis, and are programmed through the presence and elimination of apoptotic leukocytes. Hence inducing resolution-phase macrophages might represent an innovative therapeutic approach to control and terminate dysregulated neuroinflammation.
Methods
Here, we investigated if the factors released by in vitro induced resolution-phase macrophages (their secretome) are able to therapeutically reprogram macrophages to control ongoing chronic neuroinflammation in the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Results
We found that injection of the pro-resolutive secretome reduced demyelination and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in the CNS, notably through the in vivo reprogramming of macrophages at the epigenetic level. Adoptive transfer experiments with macrophages in vivo or in vitro reprogrammed with such pro-resolutive secretome confirmed the stability and transferability of this acquired therapeutic activity.
Conclusions
Overall, our data confirm the therapeutic activity of a pro-resolution secretome in the treatment of ongoing CNS inflammation, via the epigenetic reprogramming of macrophages and open with that a new therapeutic avenue for diseases marked by neuroinflammation.
Identification of shared genes of atherosclerosis and Crohn's disease based on bioinformatics and machine learning algorithm
Authors: Cao Ye , Li Bo , Xia Nan , Zhang Jian-Cheng
Published: May 2023

Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity globally. There is currently a dearth of information about Crohn's disease (CD) and its relation to the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, recent studies were unable to identify the biological mechanism at the genetic level.
Methods: Four microarray datasets (GSE43292, GSE28829, GSE186582, and GSE102133) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The Limma package was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AS and CD. Functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and machine learning algorithms were applied to identify hub genes. Then the hub genes were calculated based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Subsequently, we conducted single-gene GSEA analysis and immune infiltration analysis to further investigated the possible mechanism of the hub genes.
Results: A total of 24 common upregulated DEGs and 10 common downregulated DEGs were observed in AS and CD. According to enrichment analyses, these genes were connected with immune-related and inflammation-related signaling pathways. Three hub genes (IL1RN, TNFSF13B, PRDM1) were identified. The AUC of hub genes was higher than 0.7 and the AUC of the hub genes-based logistic regression model was 0.873. Single-gene GSEA analysis and immune infiltration analysis found the hub genes were associated with AS in CD patients, and there were some associations between hub genes and 22 immune cells.
Conclusion: We identified and validated 3 hub genes (IL1RN, TNFSF13B, PRDM1) as biomarkers in AS and CD. This study may provide a new perspective on the pathogenesis of AS and CD comorbidity.
Morphological, mineralogical and geochemical features of alluvial sediments in Bol area (Lake Chad Basin): implications for source area-weathering and tectonic settings
Authors: Sababa Elisé , Bessa Armel Zacharie Ekoa , Beyanu Anehumbu Aye , Loubahndem Ahounta Shan-Bah , Welba Moïse
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses the source area-weathering and tectonic settings of alluvial sediments from Lake Chad Basin (LCB). The grain size distribution has been performed by the Robinson-Kӧln's pipetting method. An HACH-HQ11d brand electric pH meter measures the pH and Eh values. Some sand grains and aggregates were examined by scanning electron microscopy with an Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. The bulk mineralogy was performed with X-TRA Thermo-ARL Diffractometer. The geochemistry of whole samples was assessed by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Four profiles constituted of different levels characterized by variation in colors and textures have been examined. The textural variation is linked to the alternation of wet and dry periods in the LCB. Microtextural observations reveal sub-rounded to angular particles with secondary silica precipitation on their surfaces. This suggests fluvial transport and short periods of aeolian movements. The clayey and clayey sandy facies are dominated by kaolinite, quartz and illite while the sandy samples are dominated by quartz, kaolinite, illite, goethite and rutile. Amount major elements, SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 have the highest contents and this is consistent with the mineralogical composition. The sediments are mature and classified as Fe-shale, Fe-sand and (sub)litharenite. The sediments are formed under oxic paleoenvironmental conditions. The rock sources underwent variable degree of weathering which reveals the impact of climate change prevailing in LCB. The trace element distribution shows no chemical differentiation as a result of low sediment recycling. Most of the discriminant plots indicate a felsic nature of the original sources rocks. The samples plot in the fields of passive margin and collision in a lesser extent. The collision setting may be related to the complex history of felsic source rocks which derived from the Pan African orogeny and the Cameroon Volcanic Line activities.
Socially Vulnerable People and Stormwater infrastructure: A Geospatial Exploration of the Equitable Distribution of Gray and Green Stormwater Infrastructure in Washington D.C.
Authors: Park Minkyu , Whiteheart Rachel Marie , Alves Priscila Barros Ramalho , Hendricks Marccus
Published: May 2023

Historically, hazard literature has used social vulnerability to describe how social stratification, based on race, income, education, gender, and other factors, differentially affects the risks and impacts that a given community experiences in a disaster event. Disaster literature also indicates that racially or socially marginalized communities often live in environments that have inadequate protective measures in place against disasters. Recent studies exploring green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) distribution from the perspective of environmental justice show that a high distribution of GSI, which can mitigate the impacts of flooding, significantly correlates with better-resourced communities. However, those studies do not show whether marginalized communities with less access to protective GSI are socially vulnerable or whether the vulnerable communities are relatively excluded from the flood mitigation benefits of stormwater infrastructure, linking the distribution of infrastructure only to specific socio-economic factors. Expanding the Pressure and Release (PAR) model of hazards and social vulnerability, this study explores the relationship between community social vulnerability and grey and green stormwater infrastructure distribution in Washington, D.C. by analyzing the correlation between social vulnerability indices, landscape and urbanization factors, and stormwater infrastructure capacity. The analysis reveals that both grey and green infrastructure capacity has statistically significant negative correlations with population density, imperviousness rate, and social vulnerability, suggesting that grey and green infrastructure is not equitably distributed throughout the city and that the areas of DC housing communities most vulnerable to disaster are those least served by DC’s grey and green infrastructure. Our findings show that the infrastructure separation from planning could raise an equity issue in terms of flooding and give support to the role of infrastructure as a mechanism that deepens social vulnerability. These findings require a broader role of planning that includes urban infrastructure elements and more collaborative works with engineers.
Green manure and organic compost in successive lettuce and carrot production
Authors: Grazziotti Danielle Santos , Júnior Valter Carvalho Andrade , Grazziotti Paulo Henrique , Leão Ana Flávia , Costa Márcia Regina , Brito Orlando Gonçalves , Freire Ana Izabella
Published: May 2023

Alternative practices to the conventional production system improve soil quality and the sustainability of the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of green manure in cover associated with the use of organic compost on lettuce and carrot yield in succession. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks and the treatments were represented by different fertilization managements: spontaneous plants, sunn hemp, lablab, sunn hemp + compost, lablab + compost, organic compost, conventional and control (without fertilization and with periodic removal of spontaneous plants). The study was conducted in a succession system between green manure crop and lettuce and carrot crops. Lettuce grown in succession to lablab and sunn hemp with the addition of organic compost produced more fresh weight than unfertilized and equal to or like the conventionally fertilized lettuce. In these crops, lettuce also presented better quality up to 72 h after harvest. The compost added to the sunn hemp increased lettuce production equaling production with conventionally fertilized plants. Fertilization with lablab, lablab + compost and sunn hemp + compost increased the N, P and K concentration in lettuce plants, equaling the conventionally fertilized plants. The production of marketable carrot roots fertilized with lablab, with and without the addition of compost, was equal to the production with conventional fertilization and, in addition, in these crops were also observed the lowest percentages non-marketable. The results show the potential of lablab and sunn hemp organic compost added in successive production systems.
Research on anti-clogging of ore conveyor belt with static image based on improved Fast-SCNN and U-Net
Authors: Liu Jingyi , Zhang Hanquan , Xiao Dong
Published: May 2023

Conveyor belt is one of the important equipment for ore mining and transportation, which runs smoothly and has high efficiency. However, if the blockage occurs in the transportation process, it will greatly affect the safety of mine production, and even threaten the lives of miners. Therefore, it is difficult to develop a segmentation network algorithm for anti-clogging control that can be applied to the ore conveyor belt. In order to ensure the accuracy of image segmentation task and the speed of network, an improved Fast-SCNN and U-Net method based on channel concern mechanism is proposed in this paper. The accuracy of image segmentation is considered while the speed of network is guaranteed. The improved network of Fast-SCNN and U-Net with better segmentation effect is applied to the segmentation detection system of high-speed and low-speed conveyor belt, and the key frames of the ore conveyor belt in operation are extracted. The material coverage ratio of the conveyor belt in operation is obtained by segmenting the key frame image. Finally, this paper proposes for the first time an anti-clogging method for ore conveyor belt based on static image detection. By judging and predicting the blockage of ore conveyor belt, the fuzzy algorithm is used to control the running speed of the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is quickly and accurately slowed down and stopped when it is going to be blocked or has been blocked, so as to avoid serious blockage. Experiments show that the proposed method can improve the safety and efficiency of ore conveyor belt production.
Computational evaluation of potential ACE1 inhibitors from selected antihypertensive plants
Authors: Aigbe Flora Ruth , Adediji Ayomide Olamide , Dike Chinaza Shedrach , Olawuyi Esther Adewunmi , Akpadolu Uchechukwu Dorothy , Musa Abba Ado , Balogun Toheeb
Published: May 2023

One important continuing effort to tackle the global menace of cardiovascular disorders is the search for more effective and tolerable inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE). The invaluable role of medicinal plants is known, however, investigation of plant phytochemicals is required for insight into the specific potential of individual components. Appreciating the enormity of the time and resource costs of other conventional approaches, we employed a faster and cheaper yet effective computational approach necessary for the early stages of drug discovery. We aimed to predict the inhibitory potential of 27 phytochemicals from 3 antihypertensive medicinal plants against ACE; their pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile. Herein, AutoDockVina was used for molecular docking to evaluate binding poses and energy scores, admetSAR and SWISSADME for pharmacokinetics parameters, and SPARTAN software for quantum mechanics analysis. Twelve of the 27 phytochemicals showed similar biomolecular interactions in their binding poses and comparable binding scores. Umuhengerin, 5,7,2',5'-Tetrahydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxyflavone 5'-acetate, and benzoylnorecgonine, all with ΔG values of -7.7 kcal/mol and corymbosin (ΔG -7.8 kcal/mol) also demonstrated appreciable energy gap values, indicating their reactivity potential. The compounds showed various pharmacokinetics potential denoting that the hit compounds have drug-like properties.. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of our phytochemicals to inhibit ACE; further evaluations including derivatization studies will be beneficial to explore their potential as novel cardiovascular drugs.
The Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm based on hierarchical consensus and threshold signature is used to further improve the efficiency of consensus
Authors: Yuan Chao , Liu Zhiyong , Qi Ao , Yaer Ba
Published: May 2023

Blockchain is essentially a distributed data system involving multiple subjects, which has the characteristics of distribution, transparency, traceability, tamper-resistance, and no need to trust. The "digital government" based on blockchain technology can meet the requirements of data's non-tampering, traceability, security and credibility, distributed storage, privacy protection, etc., and will play an important role in optimizing government service processes, promoting government data sharing, reducing the operating costs of "digital government" and improving the efficiency of government cooperation. In recent years, a large number of effective practices of "blockchain + government services" have emerged, all of which have achieved good social benefits. However, with the in-depth development of the construction site, the performance requirements of the underlying blockchain system are getting higher and higher, and the number of nodes participating in the consensus of distributed systems is gradually increasing. The "how to efficiently and reliably solve the consensus problem of distributed systems" faced by all blockchain systems is becoming increasingly prominent. Based on the most widely used practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm (PBFT) in alliance chain, this paper proposes to improve PBFT with the idea of "hierarchical consensus" and "threshold signature", and proposes a new Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm (HCTS-BFT) based on hierarchical consistency and threshold feature BFT. Through further mathematical and statistical analysis, it can be proved that HCTS-BFT has obvious advantages in reducing network load and improving availability. The experimental results show that HCTS-BFT has better consistency efficiency and usability than PBFT in various common network quality environments, which has a significant research significance on how to solve the consensus problem and further improve the consensus efficiency.
Evaluation of quality of life and associated factors in patients with intertrochanteric femoral fracture
Authors: Esmaeilnejad-Ganji Seyyed Mokhtar , Ghasemi Fatemeh , Tavassoli Mehdi , baroutkoub Mojtaba , Barati Hasan , Afzal Sina
Published: May 2023

Background
Intertrochanteric fracture is a common injury among the elderly population causing fundamental lifestyle derangements, which influences the patients’ social and psychological functioning. We aimed to study the quality of life (QoL) and its different parameters in patients with this type of injury.
Materials and methods
In this cohort study, all patients hospitalized with intertrochanteric fracture and aged above 50 from 2016 to the end of 2020 at the Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Babol, Iran, were included. Patients were managed mostly surgically and in exceptional cases non-surgically, were followed up for at least 12 months after receiving treatment. During the follow-up period, patients were dialed and completed a questionnaire to assess the patients' QoL by the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). QoL parameters were analyzed based on patients’ sex, age, type of treatment, and height of fall causing fracture.
Results
A total number of 200 patients including 101 (50.5%) males and 99 (49.5%) females with mean age of patients was 74.76 ± 11.36 years (range: 50–99) were included. Regarding the received treatment, 192 (96.0%) patients underwent surgery, and 8 (4.0%) underwent non-surgical treatment. In the study of SF-36 scores, the mean score of male patients was 42.31 ± 14.58 and females scored 37.83 ± 15.35, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.04). The mean score of QoL and its subscales among the patients of the 50–75 group was significantly higher than the 76–99 group (P < 0.001). The average score of QoL was considerably higher in patients who had surgery (40.75 ± 14.57) compared to those who has non-surgical treatment (24.30 ± 19.85) (P = 0.01). Patients having a fall from a higher height had higher QoL after treatment.
Conclusion
This study revealed that patients with an intertrochanteric femoral fracture had a poor QoL in all aspects. The overall QoL was significantly higher among male patients, younger patients, those who underwent surgical treatment, and the falls from higher heights. These findings highlight the necessity of long-term follow-up and support in patients with intertrochanteric fractures.
Determination of some toxic and essential elements in canned tuna fish commercialized in Algeria and Risk Assessment for Consumer Health
Authors: Hanis Fawzia , Messaoudi Mohammed , Bouamra Mohammed , SiAmeur Abdelhadi , Ouanezar Abdelkader , Malki Abderrahim , Arbaoui Fahd , Lamouri Rahima , Brahimi Abdelkarim , Rebiai Abdelkrim , Zahnit Wafa
Published: May 2023

In Algeria, the data and research on the essential and toxic chemical elements in food are limited and insufficient, therefore the present study focused on evaluating the essential and toxic elements content in different 11 brands with two types (tomato and oil) of canned tuna fish, sold in Algeria in 2022, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), while Mercury (Hg) levels were determined by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry, as well as estimate the probabilistic risk assessment. The element in canned tuna fish commercialized for human consumption in Algeria as (Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn and As) were determined by ICP-OES methods, while, the toxic elements of Mercury (Hg) levels were determined by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The levels of mineral elements concentration were close to the minimum recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The data obtunded in this work has a rich of mineral elements. Data analyses obtunded for this investigation can be suitable for Algerian food purposes.
Cerebrospinal fluid neutral lipids are associated with Alzheimer’s disease progression
Authors: Dakterzada Farida , Jové Mariona , Huerto Raquel , Carnes Anna , Sol Joaquim , Pamplona Reinald , Piñol-Ripoll Gerard
Published: May 2023

Background Genetic, metabolic, and clinical evidence links lipid dysregulation to an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of lipids in the pathophysiological processes of AD and its clinical progression is unclear. Our objectives were to investigate the association between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidome and the pathological hallmarks of AD, progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD, and the rate of cognitive decline in MCI patients.Methods We analysed the CSF lipidome by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in an LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS platform for 209 participants recruited consecutively: 91 AD, 92 MCI, and 26 control participants. Additional characteristic of the study population such as demographic data (age and sex), education, comorbidities, complete blood count, CSF AD biomarkers, MMSE scores and APOE ɛ4 allele were also collected.Results Forty-eight (52.2%) MCI patients progressed to AD during follow-up (58 ± 12.5 months). We found that higher CSF levels of hexacosanoic acid and ceramide Cer(d38:4) were associated with an increased risk of amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) positivity in CSF, while levels of phosphatidylethanolamine PE(40:0) were associated with a reduced risk. Higher CSF levels of sphingomyelin SM(30:1) were positively associated with pathological levels of phosphorylated tau in CSF. Regarding the progression from MCI to AD, cholesteryl ester CE(11D3:1) and an unknown lipid were recognized as the most associated lipid species. Furthermore, TG(O-52:2) was identified as the lipid most strongly associated with the rate of progression.Conclusion Our results indicate the involvement of membrane and intracellular neutral lipids in the pathophysiological processes of AD and the progression from MCI to AD dementia. These data also suggest that lipid droplets may be involved, as a cause or consequence, in pathophysiological processes underlying neurodegeneration.
Changes in hospital consumption of opioid and non-opioid analgesics after colorectal endometriosis surgery
Authors: Crestani Adrien , Gac Marjolaine Le , Bibaoune Amine , Dabi Yohann , Kolanska Kamila , Ferrier Clément , Bendifallah Sofiane , Touboul Cyril , Darai Emile
Published: May 2023

Background
The aim of this study was to analyze postoperative consumption of analgesics during hospitalization following colorectal surgery for endometriosis.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study at Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France from February 2019 to December 2021.
Results
One hundred sixty-two patients underwent colorectal surgery: 89 (55%) by robotic and 73 (45%) by conventional laparoscopy. The type of procedure had an impact on acetaminophen and nefopam consumed per day: consumption for colorectal shaving, discoid resection and segmental resection was, respectively, 2(0.5), 2.1(0.6), 2.4(0.6) g/day (p = 10 − 3), and 25(7), 30(14), 31(11) mg/day (p = 0.03). The total amount of tramadol consumed was greater following robotic surgery compared with conventional laparoscopy (322(222) mg vs 242(292) mg, p = 0.04). We observed a switch in analgesic consumption over the years: tramadol was used by 70% of patients in 2019 but only by 7.1% in 2021 (p < 10 − 3); conversely, ketoprofen was not used in 2019, but was consumed by 57% of patients in 2021 (p < 10 − 3). A history of abdominal surgery (OR = 0.37 (0.16–0.78, p = 0.011) and having surgery in 2020 rather than in 2019 (OR = 0.10 (0.04–0.24, p < 10− 3)) and in 2021 than in 2019 (OR = 0.08 (0.03–0.20, p < 10− 3)) were the only variables independently associated with the risk of opioid use.
Conclusion
We found that neither clinical characteristics nor intraoperative findings had an impact on opioid consumption in this setting, and that it was possible to rapidly modify in-hospital analgesic consumption modalities by significantly reducing opioid consumption in favor of NSAIDS or Nefopam.
Insilico designing of novel imidazothiadiazole derivatives as SGLT2 inhibitors in emerging potential for Antidiabetic Therapeutics
Authors: Mehra Anuradha
Published: May 2023

Background. Deficiency of insulin signaling in type 2 diabetes results from insulin resistance or defective insulin secretion and induce hyperglycemia. By reducing glycated hemoglobin, SGLT2 inhibitors improve hyperuricemia, blood lipids and weight loss without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. By targeting this pathway, SGT2 inhibitors can become a prominent target in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Objective. Interpretation of molecular docking and physicochemical properties of imidazo (2,1-b)-1,3,4 thiadiazole scaffold as SGLT2 inhibitors.
Methods. The chemical structures of 108 molecules were drawn by using Chemdraw professional 15.0. Further, their energy minimization was also carried out by using Chem Bio Draw three-dimensional (3D) Ultra 12.0. Molecular docking was also carried out using a Molegro Virtual Docker to identify the best-fitting molecules and to identify the potential leads on the basis of dock score. The predicted parameters of drug-likeness according to Lipinski’s rule of five, such as molecular weight, log P, hydrogen bond acceptor, hydrogen bond donors, and number of rotatable bonds of the selected compounds, were predicted using pKCSM software.
Results. 108 molecules were designed by employing different substitutions on imidazo-thiadiazole nucleus as SGLT2 inhibitors. Out of these 10 compounds were found to have better interactions with the active site of SGLT2 protein and the highest dock scores as compared to that of canagliflozin. Compounds 39a and 39b demonstrated good interactions and the highest dock score of -155.428 and -142.786 respectively. The insilicophysicochemical properties of the best compounds had also been determined. Additionally, these compounds suggested a good pharmacokinetic profile as per Lipinski's rule of five (orally active drugs).
Conclusion. The imidazo (2,1-b)-1,3,4 thiadiazole scaffold was employed to design a novel SGLT2 inhibitor that exhibits maximum binding interactions with essential amino acids as well orally active.
Ferrostatin-1 facilitated neurological functional rehabilitation of spinal cord injury mice by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Zhou Zhenhai , Luo Hao , Yu Honggui , Liu Zhiming , Zhong Junlong , Xiong Jiachao , Cao Kai
Published: May 2023

Background
To seek the potential therapy for spinal cord injury, Ferrostatin-1, the first ferroptosis inhibitor, was indicated in spinal cord injury mice, to identify the therapeutic effect. (2)Methods: spinal cord injury model was established by a modified Allen’s method. Then, Ferrostatin-1 was administrated by intraspinal injection. Cortical evoked motorpotential, BMS was indicated to assess the neurological function rehabilitation. H&E, Nissl's staining, NeuN, and GFAP immunofluorescence were used to identify the histological manifestation on the injured spinal cord. Spinosin a selective small molecule activator of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway was administrated to verify the underlying mechanism of Ferrostatin-1. (3) Results: Ferrostatin-1 is conducive to the rehabilitation of cortical evoked motorpotential, BMS scores, synchronized with improvement in the histological manifestation of neuron survival and scar formation and synchronized with improvement in the histological manifestation of neuron survival and scar formation. Spinosin disturbed the benefits of ferrostatin-1 administrating on histological and neurobehavioral manifestation by deranging the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. (4) Conclusions: ferrostain-1 improved rehabilitation of SCI mice by regulating ferroptosis through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Contamination Acts as a Genotype-Dependent Barrier to Gene Flow, Causing Genetic Erosion and Fine-Grained Population Subdivision in Mussels from the Strait of Istanbul
Authors: Theodorakis Christopher W. , Meyer Mary-Ann , Okay Oya , Yakan Sevil Deniz , Schramm Karl-Werner
Published: May 2023

This study provides evidence of fine-grained genetic structuring in Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovencialis) from the Strait of Istanbul, caused by barriers to gene flow via contaminant-mediated selection. In this study, mitochondrial D-loop sequences were analyzed in mussels from 8 localities, all less than 30 kilometers apart, with differing contaminant loads. The results were: 1) Intra-population genetic differentiation (ΦST) between sites with high and low contaminant loads was high (up to 0.459), even at distances of only a few kilometers. 2) Genetic diversity was negatively correlated with the contaminant load (“genetic erosion”). 3) There was evidence of selection, based on haplotype frequencies and neutrality tests (Tajima’s D), with purifying selection at the most contaminated site and balancing selection at the least contaminated. 4) Genetic distance was not correlated with geographic distance (no isolation-by-distance), but was correlated with contaminant load at each site. 5) Population dendrograms and Bayesian estimators of migration indicated that gene flow between sites was affected by contamination. For the dendrograms of the sampling sites, the clades clustered according to contaminant load more than geographic distance. Overall, the conclusions are that 1) contamination serves as a genotype-dependent dispersal barrier (i.e., selection-mediated gene flow) for pelagic mussel larvae, leading strong population differentiation over short distances, and 2) this selection-mediated gene flow also lead to genetic erosion within contaminated sites. These effects may be more pronounced in the Strait of Istanbul than in other locations because of the riverine nature and strong, uni-directional current of the strait.
Interannual Teleconnections in the Sahara Temperatures Associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during Boreal Winter
Authors: Zhou Liming , Hua Wenjian , Nicholson Sharon E , Clark Joseph P
Published: May 2023

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the most recognized and leading mode of atmospheric variability observed over the Atlantic sector of the Northern Hemisphere, and its impacts on weather and climate over the North Atlantic and Eurasia via large-scale teleconnections have been extensively studied. Here we use a multidata synthesis approach to analyze surface and tropospheric variables from multiple long-term observational and reanalysis datasets to identify the NAO’s footprint on interannual temperature variability over the vast but least-studied Sahara Desert during December–January–February–March for the satellite era (1979-2022) and much longer periods. Our results present evidence for a solid teleconnection pattern in surface and tropospheric temperatures associated with the NAO over the Sahara and document some major spatial–temporal and vertical characteristics of this pattern. It is found that the Saharan temperature anomalies are negatively correlated with the NAO index and this correlation is very strong, consistent, and statistically significant between different periods and across different datasets. The teleconnection is closely linked to large-scale circulation anomalies throughout the troposphere over the North Atlantic–Sahara sector, where the anomalous horizontal wind components and geopotential height exhibit opposite changes in sign with altitude from the lower to upper troposphere. During the negative NAO− (positive NAO+) phase, above-normal (below-normal) temperatures over the Sahara could be mainly explained by three major processes: (1) advection of climatological warm and moist (cold and dry) air over the North Atlantic (northern higher latitudes) by the anomalous southwesterly (northeasterly) flow in the lower troposphere; (2) advection of anomalous North Atlantic warm (cold) air by the climatological strong westerlies in the middle and upper troposphere; and (3) strengthened (weakened) vertical mixing in the atmospheric boundary layer. These results suggest that the NAO plays an important role in modulating the interannual temperature variability over the Sahara, and that this NAO footprint is mostly realized through horizontal temperature advection and vertical heat transfer by turbulent mixing.
A multi-scale approach to study palm-weevils in a tropical agroecosystem
Authors: Vásquez-Ordóñez Aymer Andrés , Torres-López Wilmar , Monmany-Garzia A. Carolina
Published: May 2023

Context
The recent phytosanitary crisis caused by the stem borer weevils Dynamis borassi and Rhynchophorus palmarum in peach palms (Bactris gasipaes) seriously affected the economy of local families in Colombia. To understand the possible ecological mechanisms favoring the pest, the weevil-palm system needs to be studied from a multi-scale perspective.
Objectives
We evaluated the combined effects of agricultural management, landscape, topography, soil, and climate variables on infestation levels of peach palm caused by the weevils D. borassi and R. palmarumin the Colombian southwest to understand underlying ecological drivers of the current phytosanitary crisis.
Methods
The palm infestation levels (response variable) and local agronomic practices were recorded in 32 sites across Colombia's Pacific, Andes, and Amazon natural regions. For each peach palm crop, landscape variables were estimated from classified Sentinel-2 images, soil variables were extracted from the Soil Grids 250 m database, and climate variables were extracted from the CHIRPS and CHIRTS databases. Explanatory variables were analyzed using Generalized Linear Models and Partial Least Squares-Generalized Linear Models.
Results
Landscape variables, specifically the number and shape of non-forest patches, had a greater influence on peach palm infestation levels than other environmental variables, possibly related to the decrease in the density of Oenocarpus batatua, the natural palm host for D. borassi, leading it to switch to the peach palm.
Conclusions
A multi-scale approach of the weevil-palm interaction enabled us to identify an ecological mechanism that has not been proposed before. Our recommendation for families depending on the palm is to design palm management with a landscape perspective that considers the conservation of alternative hosts for the weevils in agroforestal plots.
Spatiotemporal patterns of rising annual plant abundance in grasslands of the western Pacific Northwest, USA
Authors: Reed Paul B. , Hallett Lauren M.
Published: May 2023

Context:
Plant communities are undergoing compositional changes that affect ecosystem function. Invasions are not always uniform across the landscape due to heterogenous topographic and edaphic conditions. To predict areas most at risk of invasion, it is necessary to identify the landscape drivers affecting plant abundance.
Objectives
Non-native annuals have been increasing across the western USA. Here, we quantified the change in annual plant abundance and identified landscape sensitivities contributing to that change over the past 35 years.
Methods
We focused on Willamette Valley (Oregon) grasslands because they represent a new horizon in this phenomenon. To understand the spatiotemporal patterns of annual plant abundances between 1986–2020, we combined a remote-sensing vegetation cover dataset from the Rangeland Analysis Platform with gridded soils data and topographic variables. We determined the rate of change in percent cover for each pixel and regressed cover against heat load, soil depth, and sand content to determine landscape sensitivity through time for > 5,975 hectares.
Results
We found a tendency toward increasing annual plant cover, with a median gain of + 15% cover among pixels experiencing a significant increase. However, change was uneven across the landscape, with annual plant cover increasing markedly in areas with high heat load and shallower soils.
Conclusions
We identified steep, south-facing slopes as being particularly sensitive to rising annual plant cover. Non-native annual invasions may be lagging in this region compared to what has already occurred in California and the Great Basin, but trends here suggest it may just be a matter of time.
Changes in the South Atlantic Dipole, relations with the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and impacts on South America
Authors: Bier Anderson Augusto , Ambrizzi Tércio , Drumond Anita
Published: May 2023

Changes in physical features of the South Atlantic Ocean (SAO) have been observed over the last few decades as a result of anthropogenic climate change. As an example, the increase in Agulhas Leakage, the continental melting of Greenland and changes in wind-forced ocean circulation are factors associated with changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Within this context, important means of ocean-atmosphere interaction on a climate scale, such as the main mode of coupled variability of the SAO, known as the South Atlantic Dipole (SAD), may also be subject to variations. This work aimed to investigate changes in the SAD over different phases of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) since the 1950s and assess their impacts on the climate of South America during the austral summer. The main finding is a southward shift of the entire SAD pattern over the analyzed period, consistent with other observed oceanic and atmospheric changes attributed to global warming. Associated with that, a change from a tripole to a dipole pattern of precipitation anomalies was observed over the South American continent during summer. Besides, the SAD displayed an alternate relationship with IPO phases, with a positive (negative) correlation with Pacific Niño SST anomalies during the IPO negative (positive) phase.