bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of Topological Behavior of Some Computer Related Graphs
Authors:   School of Computer, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China, Ren Xiaohui , Ahmed Iftikhar ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (burewala Campus), Pakistan, Liu Rui ,   School of Computer, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
Published: July 2023

Network theory is the study of graphs such as representing equilibrium relationships or unequal relationships between different objects. A network can be defined as a graph where nodes and / or margins have attributes (e.g. words). Topological index of a graph is a number that helps to understand its topology and a topological index is known as irregularity index if it is greater than zero and topological index of graph is equal to zero if and only if graph is regular. The irregularity indices are used for computational analysis of nonregular graph topological composition. In this paper, we aim to compute topological invariants of some computer related graph networks. We computed various irregularities indices for the graphs of OTIS swapped network OPa and Biswapped Networks Bsw(Pa).
Cycles and Paths Related Vertex-Equitable Graphs
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore-Pakistan, Nazeer Saima , Sultana Najma ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore-Pakistan, Bonyah Ebenezer ,   Department of Mathematics Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi 00233, Ghana
Published: July 2023

A vertex labeling ξ of a graph χ is referred to as a ‘vertex equitable labeling (VEq.)’ if the induced edge weights, obtained by umming the labels of the end vertices, satisfy the following condition: the absolute difference in the number of vertices v and u with labels ξ(v)=a and ξ(u)=b (where a, b∈Z) is approximately 1, considering a given set A that consists of the first ⌈q2⌉ non egative integers. A graph χ that admits a vertex equitable labeling (VEq.) is termed a ‘vertex equitable’ graph. In this manuscript, we have demonstrated that graphs related to cycles and paths are examples of vertex-equitable graphs.
Cegah Penyebaran Misinformasi di Media Sosial Menggunakan Peralatan dan Fitur Literasi Digital
Authors: Irham Akbar Mohammad , Rezza Fahlevvi Mohammad
Published: August 2023

Misinformasi di media sosial menjadi masalah besar di era digital saat ini. Ini tidak hanya menyebarkan informasi palsu tetapi juga merusak kredibilitas berita dan sumber informasi. Membangun keterampilan literasi digital untuk menyanggah misinformasi di media sosial sangat penting bagi individu untuk membedakan antara informasi yang kredibel dan tidak kredibel. Informasi yang salah di media sosial sering kali disebarkan melalui narasi yang bermuatan emosional, tajuk utama yang sensasional, serta gambar dan video yang menyesatkan. Strategi- strategi ini dirancang untuk memanipulasi emosi dan keyakinan orang dan mungkin sulit untuk dilawan. Pemikiran kritis, literasi media, dan kewargaan digital adalah keterampilan literasi digital yang penting bagi individu untuk dikembangkan agar dapat memerangi kesalahan informasi di media sosial secara efektif. Selain itu, pentingnya memanfaatkan alat seperti situs web pengecekan fakta, evaluasi sumber, dan sumber daya pendidikan literasi media. Alat dan sumber daya ini dapat membantu individu mengidentifikasi dan menangkal misinformasi di platform media sosial. Individu dapat menerapkan keterampilan dan alat literasi digital untuk memerangi kesalahan informasi di media sosial secara efektif. Dengan membangun dasar keterampilan literasi digital yang kuat, individu dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mereka untuk mengevaluasi informasi secara online secara kritis dan membuat keputusan berdasarkan informasi. Ini, pada gilirannya, dapat menghasilkan masyarakat digital yang lebih terinformasi dan terlibat
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Website Sebagai Media Promosi Hasil BUMDes
Authors: Muhammad Miftah , Tempola Firman
Published: August 2023

Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) Desa Leleyaba adalah Organisasi Desa yang didirikan sebagai upaya menampung seluruh kegiatan di bidang ekonomi dan/atau pelayanan umum yang dikelola oleh desa. BUMDes Desa Leleyaba merupakan BUMDes yang bergerak di bidang perikanan. Namun saat ini masih memiliki kendala terkait dengan promosi hasil Bumdes desa leleyaba. Hal ini diperkirakan adalah karena kelemahan dalam hal branding dan marketing. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan memfasilitasi BUMDes Leleyaba dalam mengembangkan sebuah website yang representatif dan dapat menarik lebih banyak pembeli dan juga investor selain itu mempromosikan BUmdes Desa Leleyaba sehingga lebih dikenal lebih luas untuk membantu mengembangkan usaha BUMDES. Setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan pembuatan website diperoleh hasil berupa peningkatan kepercayaan warga kepada BUMDES dan peningkatan kinerja serta inovasi sumber daya manusia pengelola BUMDES. Adanya website telah membuat BUMDES Leleyaba dikenal luas tidak hanya di Kabupaten tapi juga di tingkat provinsi dan nasional yang memberikan kemudahan untuk akses kerjasama
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. A DI KLINIK UTAMA LESTARI TEMBILAHAN
Authors: Dwika Pangesti Clara
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive midwifery care is care that is carried out thoroughly from pregnancy to family planning to reduce Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate  (IMR). At the Utama Lestari Clinic, from January to December 2021, there were 539 pregnant women, pregnant women, BBL, 297 postpartum women and kb acceptors as many as 963 people. Provide comprehensive care to Mrs. “A” at the Lestari Utama Clinic using the Varney line of thought and documented in the form of SOAP.  This case study was carried out at the Lestari Utama Clinic on March 8 to April 15, 2022. Pregnant women experienced mild anemia and type 1 diabetes, during delivery there was installation of oxytocin 5 iu 8 TPM and administration of metergin, in KN I there is no SHK examination, in KN II the baby does not get exclusive breastfeeding, in postpartum and family planning there are no problems. For care subjects to increase knowledge about breastfeeding and patiently wait for the release of breast milk. For the Lestari Utama Clinic, reconsider giving metergin in the third stage and providing laboratory personnel and facilitating SHK examination or cooperating and referring to adequate facilities.

 

Asuhan kebidanan komprehensif adalah asuhan yang dilakukan secara menyeluruh dari mulai hamil sampai keluarga berencana untuk menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Di Klinik Utama Lestari dari Januari sampai Desember tahun 2021 tercatat ibu hamil 539 orang, ibu bersalin, BBL, ibu nifas sebanyak 297 orang dan akseptor KB sebanyak 963 orang. Memberikan asuhan secara komprehensif pada Ny “A” di Klinik Utama Lestari dengan menggunakan alur fikir varney  dan didokumentasikan dalam bentuk SOAP. Studi kasus dilaksanakan di Klinik Utama Lestari pada tanggal 8 Maret s/d 15 April tahun 2022. Pada  ibu hamil terjadi anemia ringan dan diabetes tipe 1, terdapat kesenjangan pada persalinan pemberian oksitosin 5 iu 8 TPM dan pemberian metergin, KN I tidak dilakukan pemeriksaan SHK, KN II bayi tidak mendapatkan ASI Ekslusif, pada  nifas dan KB tidak  terdapat masalah. Bagi subjek asuhan agar meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI dan sabar menunggu pengeluaran ASI. Bagi Klinik Utama Lestari mempertimbangkan kembali pemberian metergin pada kala III dan menyediakan tenaga laboratorium dan memfasilitasi pemeriksaan SHK atau melakukan kerja sama dan rujukan ke fasilitas yang memadai.
Features of the wooden buildings of Chita in the pre-revolutionary period
Authors: Semushina Irina Sergeevna , Bazilevich Mikhail Evgenevich , Bazilevich Evgenii Mikhailovich
Published: July 2023

The article reflects the intermediate results of a study conducted within the framework of the scientific project "Architects and engineers of the eastern outskirts of Russia (second half of the 19th - early 20th century)". Within the framework of this publication, the authors raise the question of the need to study and comprehend the unique layer of regional architecture - the preserved wooden buildings of the capital of the Trans-Baikal Territory, the city of Chita. Based on data from field surveys, the study of scientific literature and Internet resources, as well as data obtained in the course of work in the State Archives of the Trans-Baikal Territory, a systematic picture of the historical evolution of the wooden building of the city from the moment it was founded to the events of the October Revolution and the Civil War is presented for the first time. Particular attention is paid to the problems of developing the planning structure of the city and the ratio of wooden and stone buildings at different stages of its development. The features of the space-planning organization of buildings and structures of various typologies, the transformation of methods of decorative design of street facades and their dependence on the location of objects in the structure of the urban fabric are considered. Data are given on the creative and professional activities of a number of architects, engineers and other masters of architectural and construction art who worked in Chita in the period under review and who had a significant impact on the formation and development of the city's wooden buildings, as well as the spread of various architectural styles.
The American and European directions of Azerbaijan's foreign policy and their impact on the Caspian region in 2003-2019.
Authors: Kerchelaev Iurii Vladimirovich
Published: July 2023

The object of the study is the international relations of Azerbaijan in the XXI century. The subject of the study is the North American and European directions of the foreign policy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 2003-2019. The author dwells in detail on the interaction of Azerbaijan with the United States of America and the European Union within the specified chronological framework. The greatest attention is paid to bilateral relations, as well as partnership within the framework of various international projects. This perspective allows us to consider Azerbaijan as one of the main keys of access to the Caspian region for the United States and the EU, which have considered the region as strategically important since the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The research methods are content analysis, discourse analysis and historical research methods. The choice of chronological framework is due to the fact that 2003 is the year of the beginning of the presidency of Ilham Aliyev. In 2019, Azerbaijan, together with the whole world, entered a pandemic, which marked the transition to the transformation of almost all spheres of life. However, apart from the pandemic, the Karabakh crisis has become another event in the life of the state, the significance of which has yet to be studied. The scientific novelty of the study is that the foreign policy activity of the Republic of Azerbaijan is reflected quite briefly in Russian historiography. The main attention of researchers, as a rule, is paid to the relations between Baku and other actors in the South Caucasus and the Caspian region, however, it should be noted that the US and the EU had a great influence on the political climate of the entire post-Soviet space and the Caspian Sea was no exception. The main conclusion of the author is that the influence of the West reached its apogee in the middle of the "noughties", but then, for various reasons, its curtailment followed. It is also worth noting the multi-vector approach that allowed Azerbaijan to strengthen its position in the international arena at the beginning of the XXI century, which helped Baku to overcome the Karabakh crisis relatively painlessly.
Pandemia de Covid-19 e Relações Verbais em Redes Sociais
Authors: Oliveira João Miguel  S. , Sampaio Iago F. , Mota Filipe M. B. , Marfil Críscia Luana O. , Vasconcelos Laércia A.
Published: July 2023

The relationships between verbal behavior on social media during the Covid-19 pandemic are data sources to be investigated, and that can potentially contribute to further research by identifying gaps or points to be adjusted in health emergency management and disasters risk reduction management. Study 1 analyzed the at the Federal District Governor’s Facebook profi le, collecting all the posts between 02/26/2020 and 08/26/2021. Videos, photos, and links posted were recorded, and the publications were categorized for analysis. The results revealed inconsistencies between the governor’s statements, the epidemiological scenarios, and the health recommendations from international and national sources. Study 2 investigated verbal statements aimed at the mental health fi eld in interaction between university students through their interactions with the unbsincera page on Instagram. Data collection took place in nine blocks, with a focus on the academic semesters of 2020 and 2021. The analysis showed that most majority of the students’ posts addressed issues related to physical and mental health, including workload, stress, assessments, and professors. The pandemic management in its diff erent epidemiological settings has the social networks as a complementary instrument. These networks can lead to eff ective behavioral changes included in public policies. The scientifi c approach to human behavior, in multidisciplinary teams, may enhance the adoption and maintenance of protective patterns by the population.Keywords: Risk communication, mental health, metacontingency, verbal behavior
Changes in the Number of Continuation Patents on Drugs Approved by the FDA
Authors: Tu S. Sean , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Wetherbee Kathrine , Feldman William B.
Published: August 2023

This study assesses the frequency of continuation patents on brand-name drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration from 2000 to 2015.
Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects
Authors:   US Preventive Services Task Force, Barry Michael J. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Silverstein Michael , Chelmow David , Coker Tumaini Rucker , Davis Esa M. , Donahue Katrina E. , Jaén Carlos Roberto , Li Li , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Rao Goutham , Ruiz John M. , Stevermer James , Tsevat Joel , Underwood Sandra Millon , Wong John B.
Published: August 2023

Importance

Neural tube defects are among the most common congenital malformations in the US, with an estimated 3000 pregnancies affected each year. Many of these neural tube defects are caused by low folate levels in the body.

Objective

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a reaffirmation evidence update on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation.

Population

Persons who are planning to or could become pregnant.

Evidence Assessment

The USPSTF concludes that, for persons who are planning to or could become pregnant, there is high certainty that folic acid supplementation has a substantial net benefit to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring.

Recommendation

The USPSTF recommends that all persons planning to or who could become pregnant take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (A recommendation)
Folic Acid Supplementation to Prevent Neural Tube Defects
Authors: Viswanathan Meera , Urrutia Rachel Peragallo , Hudson Kesha N. , Middleton Jennifer Cook , Kahwati Leila C.
Published: August 2023

Importance

Neural tube defects are among the most common birth defects in the US.

Objective

To review new evidence on the benefits and harms of folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.

Evidence Review

Sources included PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and trial registries from July 1, 2015, through July 2, 2021; references; and experts, with surveillance through February 10, 2023. Two investigators independently reviewed English-language randomized studies and nonrandomized cohort studies in very highly developed countries that focused on the use of folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defect–affected pregnancies; methodological quality was dually and independently assessed.

Findings

Twelve observational studies (reported in 13 publications) were eligible for this limited update (N = 1 244 072). Of these, 3 studies (n = 990 372) reported on the effect of folic acid supplementation on neural tube defects. For harms, 9 studies were eligible: 1 randomized clinical trial (n = 431) reported on variations in twin delivery, 7 observational studies (n = 761 125) reported on the incidence of autism spectrum disorder, and 1 observational study (n = 429 004) reported on maternal cancer. Two cohort studies and 1 case-control study newly identified in this update reported on the association between folic acid supplementation and neural tube defects (n = 990 372). One cohort study reported a statistically significant reduced risk of neural tube defects associated with folic acid supplementation taken before pregnancy (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.31-0.91]), during pregnancy (aRR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.39-0.97]), and before and during pregnancy (aRR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.29-0.83]), but this association occurred for only the later of 2 periods studied (2006-2013 and not 1999-2005). No other statistically significant benefits were reported overall. No study reported statistically significant harms (multiple gestation, autism, and maternal cancer) associated with pregnancy-related folic acid exposure.

Conclusions and Relevance

New evidence from observational studies provided additional evidence of the benefit of folic acid supplementation for preventing neural tube defects and no evidence of harms related to multiple gestation, autism, or maternal cancer. The new evidence was consistent with previously reviewed evidence on benefits and harms.
Association of paternal factors with mothers’ employment postchildbirth
Authors: Dhungel Bibha , Kachi Yuko , Kato Tsuguhiko , Ochi Manami , Nagayoshi Mako , Gilmour Stuart , Takehara Kenji
Published: August 2023

Objectives

The demand on Japanese women to fulfill their dual roles as mothers and labor force participants leads to a subsequent reduction of their employment hours, switching of occupations, or quitting the labor force. This study aims to examine paternal factors associated with mothers’ employment status 18 months after childbirth.

Methods

We used data from the 2010 cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns conducted in Japan. We restricted our analysis to 10 712 mothers who had full-time employment 1 year before childbirth. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess paternal factors associated with mothers’ employment after childbirth.

Results

One-third of the mothers with full-time employment before childbirth were not working full-time 18 months after delivery. We found that high childcare involvement (score 13–18) of fathers (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01–1.43) and fathers with part-time employment (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.12–2.26) were associated with higher odds of mothers’ full-time employment. Fathers’ weekly work of ≥60 h (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71–0.88) and higher annual income decreased the odds ratios by over 20%.

Conclusions

Fathers’ work arrangements and involvement in childcare play a key role in helping mothers resume employment postchildbirth.
Serum metabolomics detected by LDI‐TOF‐MS can be used to distinguish between diabetic patients with and without diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Qian Fengmei , Zhao Li , Zhang Di , Yu Mengjie , Zhou Wei , Jin Juan
Published: August 2023

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is an important cause of end‐stage renal disease with changes in metabolic characteristics. The objective of this study was to study changes in serum metabolic characteristics in patients with DKD and to examine metabolite panels to distinguish DKD from diabetes with matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

(MALDI‐TOF‐MS). We recruited 40 type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with or without DKD from a single center for a cross‐sectional study. Serum metabolic profiling was performed with MALDI‐TOF‐MS using a vertical silicon nanowire array. Differential metabolites between DKD and diabetes patients were selected, and their relevance to the clinical parameters of DKD was analyzed. We applied machine learning methods to the differential metabolite panels to distinguish DKD patients from diabetes patients. Twenty‐four differential serum metabolites between DKD patients and diabetes patients were identified, which were mainly enriched in butyrate metabolism, TCA cycle, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Among the metabolites, l‐kynurenine was positively correlated with urinary microalbumin, urinary microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), creatinine, and urea nitrogen content. l‐Serine, pimelic acid, 5‐methylfuran‐2‐carboxylic acid, 4‐methylbenzaldehyde, and dihydrouracil were associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The panel of differential metabolites could be used to distinguish between DKD and diabetes patients with an AUC value reaching 0.9899–0.9949. Among the differential metabolites, l‐kynurenine was related to the progression of DKD. The differential metabolites exhibited excellent performance at distinguishing between DKD and diabetes. This study provides a novel direction for metabolomics‐based clinical detection of DKD.
Combination Drug Therapy of Glioblastoma: Lessons from 3D In Vitro Models and the Roadmap for Future Research
Authors: Vaezzadeh Mahsa , Kachooei Ehsan , Krishnamurthy Shivani , Manandhar Preeti , Nadort Annemarie , Guillemin Gilles J , Di Ieva Antonio , Santiago Marina , Heng Benjamin , Guller Anna
Published: August 2023

Combination drug therapy addresses the auxiliary cancer pathways of the tumor progression unaffected by the standard adjuvant treatments such as radio‐ and chemotherapy. It is a particularly attractive strategy to improve the treatment outcomes and the quality of life in patients with the deadliest brain cancer, glioblastoma (GB). Testing of combination drug treatment protocols requires reliable, efficient, and biologically accurate preclinical testbeds applicable before the transition to clinical trials. The 3D in vitro models of GB are a promising platform for pharmacological research. However, there is notable methodological uncertainty and a highly scattered data landscape regarding drug testing in 3D in vitro models of GB. In particular, it is not completely clear how to mimic clinically relevant dozing and schedule of the main chemotherapy drug for GB, temozolomide (TMZ) in 3D in vitro GB models. Here, the authors carefully explore the available literature on the application of TMZ in 3D in vitro models of GB, both as a sole agent and in combination with other medications. The joint analysis of the tumor modeling approaches, the employed assays, and the obtained treatment responses provided in this review may be used as a roadmap for future research in combination treatments of GB.
Exploring the legacy of African and Indigenous Caribbean admixture in Puerto Rico
Authors: Winful Taiye , McCormack Katie , Mueller Elsa , Chen Lijuan ,   La Corporación Piñones Se Integra (COPI), Clemente Maricruz Rivera , Torres Jada Benn
Published: August 2023

Objectives

From an anthropological genetic perspective, little is known about the ethnogenesis of African descendants in Puerto Rico. Furthermore, historical interactions between Indigenous Caribbean and African descendant peoples that may be reflected in the ancestry of contemporary populations are understudied. Given this dearth of genetic research and the precedence for Afro‐Indigenous interactions documented by historical, archeological, and other lines of evidence, we sought to assess the biogeographic origins of African descendant Puerto Ricans and to query the potential for Indigenous ancestry within this community.

Materials and Methods

Saliva samples were collected from 58 self‐identified African descendant Puerto Ricans residing in Puerto Rico. We sequenced whole mitochondrial genomes and genotyped Y chromosome haplogroups for each male individual (n = 25). Summary statistics, comparative analyses, and network analysis were used to assess diversity and variation in haplogroup distribution between the sample and comparative populations.

Results

As indicated by mitochondrial haplogroups, 66% had African, 5% had European, and 29% had Indigenous American matrilines. Along the Y chromosome, 52% had African, 28% had Western European, 16% had Eurasian, and, notably, 4% had Indigenous American patrilines. Both mitochondrial and Y chromosome haplogroup frequencies were significantly different from several comparative populations.

Discussion

Biogeographic origins are consistent with historical accounts of African, Indigenous American, and European ancestry. However, this first report of Indigenous American paternal ancestry in Puerto Rico suggests distinctive features within African descendant communities on the island. Future studies expanding sampling and incorporating higher resolution genetic markers are necessary to more fully understand African descendant history in Puerto Rico.
Modulating Metal‐Nitrogen Coupling in Anti‐Perovskite Nitride via Cation Doping for Efficient Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia
Authors: Gong Zhiheng , Xiang Xuepeng , Zhong Wenye , Jia Chenghao , Chen Peiyan , Zhang Nian , Zhao Shijun , Liu Weizhen , Chen Yan , Lin Zhang
Published: August 2023

The complexes of metal center and nitrogen ligands are the most representative systems for catalyzing hydrogenation reactions in small molecule conversion. Developing heterogeneous catalysts with similar active metal‐nitrogen functional centers, nevertheless, still remains challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that the metal‐nitrogen coupling in anti‐perovskite Co4N can be effective modulated by Cu doping to form Co3CuN, leading to strongly promoted hydrogenation process during electrochemical reduction of nitrate (NO3−RR) to ammonia. The combination of advanced spectroscopic techniques and density functional theory calculations reveal that Cu dopants strengthen the Co−N bond and upshifted the metal d‐band towards the Fermi level, promoting the adsorption of NO3− and *H and facilitating the transition from *NO2/*NO to *NO2H/*NOH. Consequently, the Co3CuN delivers noticeably better NO3−RR activity than the pristine Co4N, with optimal Faradaic efficiency of 97 % and ammonia yield of 455.3 mmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.3 V vs. RHE. This work provides an effective strategy for developing high‐performance heterogeneous catalyst for electrochemical synthesis.
Accelerated Microbial Corrosion by Magnetite and Electrically Conductive Pili through Direct Fe0‐to‐Microbe Electron Transfer
Authors: Jin Yuting , Zhou Enze , Ueki Toshiyuki , Zhang Danni , Fan Yongqiang , Xu Dake , Wang Fuhui , Lovley Derek R.
Published: August 2023

Electrobiocorrosion, the process in which microbes extract electrons from metallic iron (Fe0) through direct Fe0‐microbe electrical connections, is thought to contribute to the costly corrosion of iron‐containing metals that impacts many industries. However, electrobiocorrosion mechanisms are poorly understood. We report here that electrically conductive pili (e‐pili) and the conductive mineral magnetite play an important role in the electron transfer between Fe0 and Geobacter sulfurreducens, the first microbe in which electrobiocorrosion has been rigorously documented. Genetic modification to express poorly conductive pili substantially diminished corrosive pitting and rates of Fe0‐to‐microbe electron flux. Magnetite reduced resistance to electron transfer, increasing corrosion currents and intensifying pitting. Studies with mutants suggested that the magnetite promoted electron transfer in a manner similar to the outer‐surface c‐type cytochrome OmcS. These findings, and the fact that magnetite is a common product of iron corrosion, suggest a potential positive feedback loop of magnetite produced during corrosion further accelerating electrobiocorrosion. The interactions of e‐pili, cytochromes, and magnetite demonstrate mechanistic complexities of electrobiocorrosion, but also provide insights into detecting and possibly mitigating this economically damaging process.
Heated and unheated lupin protein‐grape seed extract conjugates stabilizing and structuring high internal phase oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Francisco Cristhian Rafael Lopes , Silva Marluci Palazzolli , Oliveira Júnior Fernando Divino , Santos Tatiana Porto , Cunha Rosiane Lopes
Published: August 2023

Plant‐based high internal phase oil‐in‐water emulsions (HIPEs) are promising fat replacers. However, producing stable HIPES with improved viscoelastic properties is a challenge for the food industry. Conjugation of plant proteins, such as lupin protein isolate, with phenolic compounds, such as proanthocyanidins from grape seed extract, associated (or not) with moderate heat treatment arise as potential methods to tune the surface properties of proteins and, consequently, the droplet‐droplet interactions that drive the viscoelastic properties of HIPEs. In this way, unheated (UHC) and heated (85°C, 15 min) (HC) lupin protein (LPI)‐grape seed extract (GSE) conjugates were produced and used to stabilize HIPEs. Evaluation of stability by Turbiscan and oil loss by centrifugation over 56 days of storage did not reflect the kinetic stability of HIPEs against process conditions. Under shearing, UHC‐stabilized emulsions at high GSE concentrations showed oil release, whereas all HC‐stabilized HIPEs released oil. However, the increase in GSE concentration and heat treatment improved the viscosity and storage modulus (G′) of HIPEs, possibly due to the droplet‐droplet interaction originating from hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions in UHC and HC‐stabilized HIPEs, respectively. This pivotal study confirmed that conjugation of a plant protein with GSE and heat treatment could improve the viscoelastic properties of HIPEs and produce HIPEs with superior texture (higher G′).
Liposomal AntagomiR‐155‐5p Restores Anti‐Inflammatory Macrophages and Improves Arthritis in Preclinical Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Paoletti Audrey , Ly Bineta , Cailleau Catherine , Gao Fan , de Ponfilly‐Sotier Marie Péan , Pascaud Juliette , Rivière Elodie , Yang Luxin , Nwosu Lilian , Elmesmari Aziza , Reynaud Franceline , Hita Magali , Paterson David , Reboud Julien , Fay Francois , Nocturne Gaetane , Tsapis Nicolas , McInnes Iain B. , Kurowska‐Stolarska Mariola , Fattal Elias , Mariette Xavier
Published: August 2023

Objective

We previously reported an increased expression of microRNA‐155 (miR‐155) in the blood monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that could be responsible for impaired monocyte polarization to anti‐inflammatory M2‐like macrophages. In this study, we employed two preclinical models of RA, collagen‐induced arthritis and K/BxN serum transfer arthritis, to examine the therapeutic potential of antagomiR‐155‐5p entrapped within PEGylated (polyethylene glycol [PEG]) liposomes in resolution of arthritis and repolarization of monocytes towards the anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype.

Methods

AntagomiR‐155‐5p or antagomiR‐control were encapsulated in PEG liposomes of 100 nm in size and −10 mV in zeta potential with high antagomiR loading efficiency (above 80%). Mice were injected intravenously with 1.5 nmol/100 μL PEG liposomes containing antagomiR‐155‐5p or control after the induction of arthritis.

Results

We demonstrated the biodistribution of fluorescently tagged PEG liposomes to inflamed joints one hour after the injection of fluorescently tagged PEG liposomes, as well as the liver's subsequent accumulation after 48 hours, indicative of hepatic clearance, in mice with arthritis. The injection of PEG liposomes containing antagomiR‐155‐5p decreased arthritis score and paw swelling compared with PEG liposomes containing antagomiR‐control or the systemic delivery of free antagomiR‐155‐5p. Moreover, treatment with PEG liposomes containing antagomiR‐155‐5p led to the restoration of bone marrow monocyte defects in anti‐inflammatory macrophage differentiation without any significant functional change in other immune cells, including splenic B and T cells.

Conclusion

The injection of antagomiR‐155‐5p encapsulated in PEG liposomes allows the delivery of small RNA to monocytes and macrophages and reduces joint inflammation in murine models of RA, providing a promising strategy in human disease.

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Why does school socio‐economic composition matter to adolescents’ academic performance? Role of classroom climate and school resources
Authors: Chzhen Yekaterina , Leesch Julia
Published: August 2023

A growing literature has documented the importance of school socio‐economic status (SES) composition to children's academic performance, but the channels through which school SES affects individual achievement remain poorly understood. We investigate differences in 15‐year‐old children's reading performance across schools with different levels of mean SES composition in six European countries where children are sorted into different academic and vocational tracks after the age of 15. This study contributes to the literature on the role of school SES composition for students’ academic achievement by examining the extent to which individual student SES and academic aspirations, classroom climate and school resources account for school SES differences. Multilevel regression analyses of reading literacy scores from PISA 2018 indicate sizeable effects of school SES composition on reading achievement in each of the six countries, even after accounting for student SES. By limiting the analysis to students who had not yet been tracked based on their academic record or aspirations, we can better focus on the link between school SES composition and educational achievement. Our main finding is that school SES composition differences are more than a function of students’ own SES, as they also reflect classroom discipline, teaching practices, peer educational aspirations, and to a lesser extent, school resources.
Insights into product and process related challenges of lentiviral vector bioprocessing
Authors: Perry Christopher , Mujahid Noor , Takeuchi Yasu , Rayat Andrea C. M. E.
Published: August 2023

Lentiviral vectors (LVs) are used in advanced therapies to transduce recipient cells for long term gene expression for therapeutic benefit. The vector is commonly pseudotyped with alternative viral envelope proteins to improve tropism and is selected for enhanced functional titers. However, their impact on manufacturing and the success of individual bioprocessing unit operations is seldom demonstrated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the processability of different Lentiviral vector pseudotypes. In this work, we compared three envelope proteins commonly pseudotyped with LVs across manufacturing conditions such as temperature and pump flow and across steps common to downstream processing. We have shown impact of filter membrane chemistry on vector recoveries with differing envelopes during clarification and observed complete vector robustness in high shear manufacturing environments using ultra scale‐down technologies. The impact of shear during membrane filtration in a tangential flow filtration‐mimic showed the benefit of employing higher shear rates, than currently used in LV production, to increase vector recovery. Likewise, optimized anion exchange chromatography purification in monolith format was determined. The results contradict a common perception that lentiviral vectors are susceptible to shear or high salt concentration (up to 1.7 M). This highlights the prospects of improving LV recovery by evaluating manufacturing conditions that contribute to vector losses for specific production systems.
Synthesis and solubility properties of amine‐functionalized fulleropyrrolidines in organic solvents
Authors: Lim Suk Hyun , Cho Dae Won
Published: August 2023

In this study, we prepared amine‐functionalized fullerene derivatives by using methylene blue (MB)‐sensitized photoaddition reactions of fullerene C60 with a variety of α‐silyl group containing N‐alkylglycinates through 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of in situ formed azomethine ylide, derived from glycinates, to fullerene C60 and examined their solubility properties in several organic solvents. The results showed that although it was hard to find a clear correlation between the solvent solubility of and N‐substituents of fullereopyrrolidines, the solubility of functionalized fullerene derivatives in organic solvents such as toluene, CHCl3, CH2Cl2, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was much higher than that of C60 and in addition, the solubility properties of fullereopyrrolidines can be manipulated by incorporating diverse organic moieties into fullerene surface.
Dissipation kinetics, residue determination and consumer risk assessment of acephate on green pea by gas chromatography–electron capture detector
Authors: Jan Ishrat , Dar Alamgir A. , Mukhtar Malik , Shah Mehraj D. , Wani Ashraf A. , Dar Shahnawaz R. , Dar Irshad H. , Sofi Javid A.
Published: August 2023

The present study on “acephate persistence on green pea” was conducted in SKUAST‐Kashmir. The study aimed to determine the persistence, dissipation kinetics and waiting period of acephate on green pea. Acephate was sprayed at 75% soluble powder (SP) at 560 g a.i.ha−1 at the fruiting stage followed by another application at a 10 day interval. A rapid and accurate method (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe, QuEChERS) was used for extraction and the residue was determined by gas chromatography–electron capture detection on a CPSIL‐8CB capillary column (0.25um film thickness, 0.25 mm i.d, 30 m length). At the fortification levels of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg kg−1, the percentage recovery of acephate on green pea was found in the range of 71–107%. The initial deposit of green pea was estimated to be 0.37 mg kg−1. At the indicated dose, the residue of acephate on green pea dissipated below the limit of quantification of 0.05 mg kg−1 after 10 days. Acephate degradation was quick in green pea, with a half‐life of 4.07 days. For safe eating of green peas, a 10 day waiting period is recommended. The gas chromatography–electron capture detection technique was validated by following the SANTE standards.
The effects of green brand image on brand loyalty: The case of mainstream fast food brands
Authors: Watson Anna , Perrigot Rozenn , Dada Olufunmilola (Lola)
Published: August 2023

While a number of studies have explored consumer attitudes and behaviors towards green brands, the importance of green brand image for mainstream brands is less well understood. This study seeks to explore if the green image of mainstream fast food brands influences consumer loyalty and how their attitudes towards and knowledge of environmental issues may affect perceptions of the environmental performance of fast food brands. Using data gathered from a convenience sample of 2001 Gen Y and Gen Z consumers in France, our study establishes a critical linkage between consumers' environmental values and brand loyalty by including green brand image as a mediator. Further, by exploring mainstream brands, rather than brands that are positioned primarily on green attributes, we find that the mediating effect of green brand image may be dependent on the brand positioning.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Membrane Separation‐Enhanced Co‐Hydrogenation of CO2/CO to Ethanol
Authors: Chen Jian , Fu Weijie , Liu Shuilian , He Yiming , Mebrahtu Chalachew , Zhou Qiaoqiao , Zhang Yuting , Wang Xuerui , Chen Huanhao , Zeng Feng , Gu Xuehong
Published: August 2023

Co‐hydrogenation of CO2/CO to produce ethanol presents an important way to utilize carbon‐neutralized biomass resources through gasification. By applying a water‐permselective membrane reactor, water, the byproduct of CO2/CO hydrogenation to ethanol, can be removed. Thus, ethanol formation can be promoted thermodynamically. Accordingly, herein, the thermodynamics of ethanol synthesis by CO2, CO, CO2/CO hydrogenation was investigated, as well as the promoting effects of water removal under various temperatures and pressures by Aspen Plus. It is found that, at medium reaction temperature (e.g., 250 °C), medium pressure (e.g., 10–50 bar), and medium CO fraction (e.g., 0.1–0.5) together with 1‐stage water removal, a CO2/CO equilibrium conversion higher than 80 % can be obtained.
Respiratory hypersensitivity reaction related to ingestion of raspberry
Authors: Akamatsu Yuki , Kawakami Yoshio , Fujita Shusaku , Kawamoto Tomoko , Miyake Tomoko , Hirai Yoji , Morizane Shin
Published: August 2023

A 27‐year‐old woman developed dyspnea and wheezing within 10 min after eating a piece of raspberry walnut cake, and was successfully treated with intravenous corticosteroid and intramuscular injection of adrenaline. An open oral provocation test with raspberry demonstrated immediate respiratory hypersensitivity reaction.
A Direct Route to Tetrahydropyridazine Derivatives via DMAP‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation of Allenoates with Arylazosulfones
Authors: Ji Xin , Li Ziyang , Zhang Jinfeng , Zhang Yicheng , Meng Ling‐Guo
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Herein, a DMAP‐catalyzed [4+2] annulation of α‐substituted allenoates with arylazosulfones is reported, which affords facile access to tetrahydropyridazine derivative in synthetically useful yields. This reaction features mild conditions and good functional group tolerance. Moreover, the resultant products can be readily transformed into pyridazin‐3‐one derivatives in the presence of DDQ.
LVAD therapy as a catalyst to heart failure remission and myocardial recovery
Authors: Hamad Eman A. , Byku Mirnela , Larson Sharon B. , Billia Filio
Published: August 2023

The management of chronic heart failure over the past decade has witnessed tremendous strides in medical optimization and device therapy including the use of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). What we once thought of as irreversible damage to the myocardium is now demonstrating signs of reverse remodeling and recovery. Myocardial recovery on the structural, molecular, and hemodynamic level is necessary for sufficient recovery to withstand explant and achieve sustained recovery post‐LVAD. Guideline‐directed medical therapy and unloading have been shown to aid in recovery with the potential to successfully explant the LVAD. This review will summarize medical optimization, assessment for recovery, explant methodologies and outcomes post‐recovery with explant of durable LVAD.
Molybdenum‐Mediated Insertion of Ketones into the P−P bond of cyclo‐(P5Ph5) and Formation of Trinuclear Molybdenum Complexes
Authors: Gorbachuk Elena , Grell Toni , Khayarov Khasan , Buzyurova Daina , Ziganshin Marat , Mukhametzyanov Timur , Lapuk Semen , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie , Sinyashin Oleg , Yakhvarov Dmitry
Published: August 2023

The reaction of cyclopentaphosphine cyclo‐(P5Ph5) (1) with ketones (acetone and cyclooctanone) in the presence of [Mo(CO)4(cod)] (cod=cycloocta‐1,5‐diene) led to air‐stable trinuclear complexes in which the bis‐phosphanido ligands (PPh−PPh−PPh−PPh−CMe2O−PPh)2− (complex 2) and (PPh−PPh−PPh−PPh−C(CH2)7O−PPh)2− (complex 3) bridge a Mo(CO)3−Mo(CO)3 unit. This extends the reaction of 1 with transition metal carbonyl complexes to further substrates and represents the first examples of insertion of carbonyl compounds into the P−P bond of cyclic oligophosphorus compounds. Complexes 2 and 3 have been characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, the thermal properties of the obtained complexes have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fast scanning calorimetry (FSC).
Identification of key genes promoting stamen formation induced by silver nitrate in gynoecious melon
Authors: Dai Dongyang , Kexin Chen , Liu Yujing , Wang Jiayao , Ji Peng , Sheng Yunyan
Published: August 2023

The gynoecious melon shows a high degree of hybrid seed production advantage, and exploitation of this property could improve both seed production and breeding, as well as reduce labor costs in melon production. The mechanism responsible the formation of hermaphroditic flowers by exogenous AgNO3 spraying is unclear. In the present study, the gynoecious inbred melon line WI998 was treated with AgNO3 solution to produce hermaphrodite flowers. Seedlings were investigated at the two, three, four, and five true‐leaf stages, and the AgNO3 concentrations were 150, 300, 450, and 600 mg/L. We found that the optimum spray concentration of AgNO3 was 450 mg/L with an optimum application time at the four true leave‐leaf stage. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on four‐true‐leaf stage samples sprayed with 450 mg/L AgNO3 and water control to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Twenty‐seven DEGs were identified and one, Cucumis melo epidermal pattern factor‐like protein 4 (CmEPFL4), was involved in stamen development gene. Phenotypic analysis showed that CmEPFL4 played a key role in stamen induction, and heterologous expression of CmEPFL4 was found to interfere with stamen development and reduce the amount of pollen produced. Overall, the results demonstrated the importance of CmEPFL4 in AgNO3‐induced hermaphroditic flower production and provide insight into AgNO3 induction of stamen formation in the melon.
Collective bulk excitations in the QGP: From the weakly non‐ideal case to the strong correlation limit
Authors: Baiseitov K. , Blaschke D. , Ramazanov T. S.
Published: August 2023

Collective bulk excitation propagating in the medium of a quark‐gluon plasma are studied. The quark‐gluon plasma medium is described with two different models to investigate the effect of binary collisions and shear viscosity to account for damping and non‐ideality. To find the dispersion relation the longitudinal dielectric functions of the quark‐gluon plasma are used within quantum hydrodynamics and transport equation approaches. The results were obtained numerically by finding the roots of the dispersion relations. Both models are compared with the hard thermal loop approximation as the ideal case for both models.
Viral escape from NK‐cell‐mediated immunosurveillance: A lesson for cancer immunotherapy?
Authors: Momayyezi Pouria , Bilev Eleni , Ljunggren Hans‐Gustaf , Hammer Quirin
Published: August 2023

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that participate in immune responses against virus‐infected cells and tumors. As a countermeasure, viruses and tumors employ strategies to evade NK‐cell‐mediated immunosurveillance. In this review, we examine immune evasion strategies employed by viruses, focusing on examples from human CMV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. We explore selected viral evasion mechanisms categorized into three classes: (1) providing ligands for the inhibitory receptor NKG2A, (2) downregulating ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D, and (3) inducing the immunosuppressive cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. For each class, we draw parallels between immune evasion by viruses and tumors, reviewing potential opportunities for overcoming evasion in cancer therapy. We suggest that in‐depth investigations of host–pathogen interactions between viruses and NK cells will not only deepen our understanding of viral immune evasion but also shed light on how NK cells counter such evasion attempts. Thus, due to the parallels of immune evasion by viruses and tumors, we propose that insights gained from antiviral NK‐cell responses may serve as valuable lessons that can be leveraged for designing future cancer immunotherapies.