bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El sonido y sus múltiples resonancias. Tres proyectos
Authors: Palmese Cristina , Carles José Luis
Published: January 2024

Numerosos estudios en las últimas décadas muestran cómo el sonido es un importante elemento capaz de proporcionar nuevos conocimientos sobre el entorno y sobre las relaciones entre el ser humano y el medio. El sonido posee unas cualidades físico-sensoriales-perceptivas particulares, que conectan lo emocional y lo racional. Permite por tanto abordar de forma amplia el conocimiento y el análisis de algo tan complejo como la experiencia y la vivencia del lugar.
Hoy asistimos a un fuerte desarrollo de métodos, herramientas y estrategias de intervención en el entorno con el paisaje sonoro como protagonista. Como producto de una colectividad, el paisaje sonoro se sitúa en un lugar privilegiado en el pensamiento contemporáneo. Sus conceptos y métodos sonoros surgen a partir de experiencias sensibles del lugar en relación directa con una comunidad. La utilización de métodos in situ (recorridos, cartografías, archivos sonoros, performances y acciones sonoras colectivas) en este ámbito son expresiones de gran interés generadas alrededor de la escucha colectiva del lugar.
Estos estudios muestran la importancia de los aspectos sensoriales y cómo a través del sonido y la escucha se da una reapropiación del espacio, de nuestro entorno, del reconocimiento del otro y del lugar. Presentamos tres proyectos de investigación con la complejidad del ambiente sonoro como elemento común. Estos proyectos se centran en tres situaciones diferentes, el periodo de la COVID-19, el estudio de paisajes sonoros históricos, y el estudio del ambiente sonoro contemporáneo. Estos trabajos ponen un foco de interés particular en la complejidad de las percepciones y relatos de los ciudadanos como fuente de conocimiento.
Registrando intangibles lumínicos. Desafíos museográficos desde la renovación catalográfica inmersiva
Authors: Crespillo Marí Leticia
Published: January 2024

Es innegable la importancia que tiene el catálogo como instrumento de registro histórico-artístico en el marco discursivo de toda exposición. Por ello, se ha incidido tanto en su valor como fuente de información y herramienta fundamental de investigación académica sobre el artefacto artístico. Su formato impreso ha trascendido las barreras del tiempo, adaptándose en cada momento a las necesidades comunicativas derivadas de cada contexto particular. La explosión pandémica de la COVID-19 marca un punto de inflexión en este aparataje valorativo, difusor y creador de conocimiento, permitiendo a los profesionales-humanistas la reflexión sobre el uso de otros formatos de registro y/o difusión complementarios; entre estos, los ligados a las tecnologías computacionales y realidades mixtas, posibilitando la adaptación de los contenidos museográficos y los hilos argumentales de lo exhibido a las situaciones derivadas de la alerta sanitaria. Partiendo de tales premisas, el objetivo del presente estudio es demostrar cómo lo virtual hace posible la concienciación valorativa −formal y estética− de la totalidad intangible del universo lumínico contemporáneo que se exhibe en museos, galerías y espacios expositivos. Para ello, se analizan las limitaciones del catálogo tradicional −editado o digitalizado− con la intención de proponer una alternativa de registro integral; un proceso experiencial que, a su vez, generará una línea de trabajo en la que los resultados derivados de una concienzuda investigación terminan validando la hipótesis inicial.
« Se nutrimenter » pour dégraisser et gagner du muscle
Authors: Perera Éric , Ferez Sylvain
Published: January 2024

Cet article s’intéresse aux relations entre un coach et son groupe de body-builders examinées à la suite d’une enquête ethnographique de longue durée dans une salle de musculation du Sud de la France. Les aspects alimentaires des régimes qui sont demandés à ceux et celles qui veulent devenir body-builders organisent leurs interactions. Pourquoi le coach impose-t-il systématiquement aux novices une diététique amaigrissante alors qu'ils viennent chercher du volume musculaire ? L’enquête de terrain montre que l’alternance de privations et les excès alimentaires conduisent les pratiquants de la salle de musculation à modifier leurs perceptions sensorielles (affectant leurs goûts et dégoûts) et à s’éloigner de leur environnement social habituel. Une mise en ascèse des novices par l’alimentation ne fait que les préparer à l'usage de stéroïdes, qu’ils vont ingérer comme des compléments alimentaires. Cette ascèse égotique peut se lire au final comme une double domination paradoxale où les body-builders éprouvent la sensation d’optimiser et de contrôler leur corps tout en étant sous l’emprise sociale du coach.
Rui e a questão social
Authors: Lopes Antonio Herculano , Morado Maria de Fátima da Silva
Published: January 2024

O artigo examina um discurso da campanha presidencial de Rui Barbosa em 1919 em que trata da “questão social e política”. Considerando ter sido Rui um verdadeiro ícone do liberalismo no Brasil, procuramos entender por que, próximo ao final da vida (morre em 1923, aos 72 anos), teria realizado essa conversão ao que chamou de “democracia social”. Para tanto, mobilizamos tanto aspectos contextuais de uma época de crise do liberalismo, como textuais, envolvendo uma retórica barroca, em tom messiânico.
Arte indígena contemporânea: apagamento e estratégias de visibilidade das culturas ameríndias no brasil
Authors: Marcondes Maria José de Azevedo
Published: January 2024

Este artigo trata da análise da recepção e das estratégias de visibilidade da arte indígena contemporânea em Exposições de Arte nas instituições museológicas públicas e da problematização da inserção da arte indígena em sistemas das arte hegemônicos, analisando especificamente as Mostras de Arte Moderna que aconteceram em 2022 e da recepção e ressignificação das atividades e documentos do modernismo , especialmente o Manifesto Antropofago .Apresentamos alguns apontamentos sobre a história da arte indígena no Brasil e nas contribuições de intelectuais e críticos de arte no reconhecimento das culturas ameríndias na América Latina.
Los Torres Sinfónico
Authors: García Coral Nieto
Published: January 2024

Dans cet article, nous étudions la composition Los Torres Sinfónico, une œuvre musicale née d'un dialogue entre la famille afro-colombienne des Torres, située sur le littoral sud du Pacifique colombien, et l'orchestre symphonique de Cali. Pour cette collaboration, le compositeur franco-colombien Pedro García-Velásquez s'inspire de la tradition de la musique ancestrale de cette région du Pacifique, en mettant en avant l'instrument de la marimba, xylophone qui établit les bases rythmiques et mélodiques de la pièce, et les chants traditionnels de la région capturés à travers la microtonalité. L'accordage non tempéré, la polyrythmie (alternance entre rythmes binaires et ternaires), la physicalité du son et la compréhension du flux du temps comme moyens de tisser une communauté sont les piliers sur lesquels repose la base conceptuelle de cette œuvre.
Cartas com desenho e corpos à deriva: os esboços de William Etty
Authors: Caetano Renata Oliveira , Souza Clarissa Videira Rocha de
Published: January 2024

Le texte présente une étude basée sur la réflexion proposée par l'écrivain brésilien Mário de Andrade sur le dessin, ayant pour objet les esquisses inquiétantes figurant sur des lettres de l'artiste anglais William Etty. Le matériel analysé est un ensemble de correspondances, appartenant à la collection de la Fondation Custodia, attribuées au peintre anglais. Les croquis qui y étaient dessinés prennent comme référence les marbres du Parthénon. La recherche poursuit une approche où la missive est considérée comme un objet artistique. L'intention est d'explorer les circonstances dans lesquelles les dessins d'Etty sont créés, en faisant attention à leur potentiel expressif et en cherchant à démontrer la pertinence de son étude dans le contexte actuel.
« Los muros denuncian » : Campagnes de sensibilisation, manifestations, graffiti et fresques murales contre les violences sexistes et sexuelles au Pérou.
Authors: André Nelly
Published: January 2024

Depuis 2015, une vague féministe agite toute l’Amérique latine. Les femmes latino-américaines partagent un même idéal : déconstruire la société machiste et lutter contre les violences sexistes et sexuelles. Ainsi, plusieurs collectifs d’artistes se sont élevés contre cette idéologie et ont revendiqué le droit de quitter l’espace privé afin d’investir de manière créative et engagée les espaces publics.Au Pérou, l’art s’enracine notamment dans le paysage urbain à travers les fresques murales qui mettent en lumière de nombreux enjeux politiques et sociaux. La ville devient ainsi un espace artistique de revendication.
Sandra Jatahy Pesavento, historiadora e pensadora
Authors: Santos Nádia Maria Weber , Veiga Alexandre
Published: January 2024

Los registros reunidos en este contenido digital tienen como objetivo recordar la trayectoria de la historiadora y su importancia para la investigación historiográfica brasileña. Presentamos algunos elementos que forman parte de su colección personal, la cual se encuentra reunida en el Instituto Histórico y Geográfico de Rio Grande do Sul, habiendo sido organizada y digitalizada, para ser accedida por cualquier persona interesada en conocer más sobre su carrera.
La grossesse dans les clips : le « baby bump » comme performance (de genre)
Authors: Salles Claire
Published: January 2024

Les clips faisant apparaître une grossesse (réelle ou fictive) constituent un corpus marginal qui n’a pas encore été étudié. L’article constitue un corpus de vingt-trois clips, produits de 2005 à 2021 dans le Nord global. Ils sont abordés sous l’angle de la performance de genre (Judith Butler). Dans la première partie de l’article, le baby bump est envisagé comme performance au sens de spectacle mis à contribution dans la stratégie de communication de la star dans un écosystème médiatique (avec les réseaux sociaux, les médias de divertissement et les shows). La seconde partie identifie cinq types de performance du baby bump – s’isoler, ressentir, célébrer la famille, lutter et dévier – qui négocient des performances de genre différentes, plus ou moins alignées avec l’hétéropatriarcat.
Enjeux de la représentation de la female loser dans la série Fleabag
Authors: Defay-Thibaud Elena
Published: January 2024

S’interroger sur la figure du loser, c’est d’abord faire le constat d’une inégalité de représentation fictionnelle de ce personnage bien singulier. Tandis que, sous sa déclinaison masculine, le loser est très présent à l’écran – notamment dans des comédies – depuis une cinquantaine d’années au moins, les female losers sont beaucoup plus rares, et restent également peu étudiées. Ce travail se penche sur cette figure féminine, en s’appuyant sur la série télévisée Fleabag (BBC, 2016-2019), écrite par Phoebe Waller-Bridge, afin de mettre en évidence les enjeux socio-culturels qui sous-tendent la représentation de cette female loser originale.
Open Challenges and Research Issues of XAI in Modern Smart Cities
Authors: Khan Azeem , Jhanjhi Noor Zaman , Hamid Dayang Hajah Tiawa Binti Awang Haji , Omar Haji Abdul Hafidz bin Haji
Published: January 2024

The increasing use of AI in modern smart cities calls for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems that can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of city operations while being transparent, interpretable, and trustworthy. Developing a unified framework for XAI that can handle the heterogeneity of data and systems in smart cities is the first challenge, considering the need to incorporate human factors and preferences in AI systems. The second challenge is developing new XAI methods that can handle the complexity and scale of smart city data. Addressing ethical and legal aspects is also critical, including ensuring that AI systems are fair and unbiased, protecting citizens' privacy and security, and establishing legal frameworks. Evaluating the effectiveness and usability of XAI systems is also crucial in improving city operations and stakeholder trust apart from XAI research for smart cities: improved visualization, human feedback, integration.
IoT-Enabled Remote Patient Monitoring for Chronic Disease Management and Cost Savings
Authors: Malathi J. , Kusha K. R. , Isaac Samson , Ramesh Alabazar , Rajendiran M. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: January 2024

The integration of internet of things (IoT) technology in healthcare has revolutionized chronic disease management and healthcare cost reduction. IoT-enabled remote patient monitoring systems provide real-time insights into patients' health parameters, enabling informed decisions and patient participation. The central hub of these systems provides accurate, up-to-date patient data, enabling timely alerts for chronic diseases. Electronic health records (EHR) offer comprehensive historical health data while ensuring privacy and security. However, challenges like data security, scalability, and interoperability remain. The healthcare industry must improve security measures, standardize interoperability, and adopt advanced analytics, artificial intelligence, and wearable technology for personalized, data-driven, and cost-effective care.
Modern Smart Cities and Open Research Challenges and Issues of Explainable Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sindiramutty Siva Raja , Tan Chong Eng , Tee Wee Jing , Lau Sei Ping , Balakrishnan Sumathi , Kaur Sukhminder , Jazri Husin , Aslam Muhammad Farhan Aslam
Published: January 2024

This chapter's purpose is to review the modern smart cities and open research challenges and issues of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). With the advent of XAI, people's lives have been improved, and the idea of smart urban has been created. Although the anticipated advantages, the adoption of AI differs between smart cities in part because of challenges and issues that can prevent the adoption of AI in smart cities. This chapter will explore the importance of XAI in smart cities and what is the current state of the art in various XAI applications in smart cities, the open challenges of XAI in smart cities, the research issue of XAI in smart cities, case studies and examples, and evaluations and analysis XAI models in smart city application. The open challenges will be covering developing and Novel XAI with ontologies, assurance in ML algorithms, scalability of XAI models in smart cities, etc.
Blockchain and Sustainability in Supply Chains
Authors: Bukhari Syed Danish
Published: January 2024

Blockchain technology has gained significant momentum in recent years, with many countries recognizing its potential for enhancing sustainability in supply chains. Countries around the world are increasingly exploring the potential of blockchain to enhance transparency, traceability, and accountability in their supply chains. Blockchain enables countries to establish a trusted and decentralized network where information can be securely stored and accessed by relevant stakeholders. This enables governments, businesses, and consumers to have a comprehensive view of the supply chain, from raw material sourcing to product delivery through transparency and traceability across which enabling better visibility into the origins and environmental impact of products by ensuring sustainability practices are adhered to at every stage of the supply chain. As more companies recognize the benefits of blockchain in ensuring sustainability, we can expect to see its widespread adoption in supply chains across various industries.
Enhancing Customer Trust and Loyalty in the Pakistani Food Delivery Sector Through AI-Driven Blockchain Supply Chain
Authors: Inshal Muhammad , Haq Mirza A. , Akhtar Pervaiz
Published: January 2024

The digital transformation of industries, including the food delivery sector, has led to new challenges and opportunities. This comprehensive study explores into the complexities faced by Pakistan's food delivery industry, highlighting trust issues and customer loyalty. By integrating AI-driven blockchain technology, the purpose is to enhance credibility, transparency, and customer satisfaction within the sector. The research discloses a spectrum of challenges, ranging from food safety concerns to preservation of halal integrity. The amalgamation of AI-driven blockchain technology arises as a potential solution to such challenges, presenting real-time insights, boosted traceability, and enhanced accountability. However, ethical considerations associated with user consent, data privacy and fairness of algorithm must be addressed. The comprehensive analysis of the study led to conclusion that a balanced approach is crucial for unleashing the potential of it in revolutionizing Pakistan's food delivery sector, takes into account both technological benefits and ethical implications.
Blockchain-Based Supply Chain Management
Authors: Masood Fazeelat , Khan Naveed R. , Khan Mustafa Rehman
Published: January 2024

In the post-COVID business environment, IR 5.0 seems to be one of the causes as well as the cure of immense disruptions in the supply chain and network management. Cause in a sense that IR 5.0 technologies have given a new face to the optimization of supply chain efficiencies with the advent of new technologies. In doing so, IR 5.0 serves as the cure for pandemic-caused scarcity of data exchange, visibility, and traceability. Adding to the notion, blockchain is an IR 5.0 technology that stores and distributes data among all stakeholders. In the supply chain, the use of blockchain technology enables data storage in different databases with ease of data distribution among stakeholders who are a part of the supply chain network. This chapter aims to broaden readers' understanding of blockchain and supply chain management. Complementing academic research with practical examples where possible, this chapter establishes an understanding of the challenges and opportunities in the adoption, promotion, and facilitation of blockchain-based supply chain management.
Study of Addition Metal (Ti, Zn) Dopan on the Structure of NASICON as Solid Electrolyte Batteries
Authors: Pratiwi Vania Mitha , Noerochim Lukman , Purwaningsih Hariyati , Wibowo Agung Ari , Maulana Fakhri Akbar
Published: January 2024

This study aims to analysized the effect of addition doped metal (Ti and Zn) on NASICON structure to morphology, materials structure, and electrochemical performance especially ionic conductivity properties. NASICON is a sodium super ionic conductor that it could be as solid electrolyte batteries. One of the problems that exist in the secondary battery is the low working temperature of the electrolyte, which makes it easy to explode when exposed to free air. The common electrolyte in liquid phase, so NASICON as replacement alternative. The synthesis method used is the solid-state reaction method by mixing sodium carbonate, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, doped metal (titanium oxide and zinc oxide) and some anhydrous ethanol into a planetary ball mill, dried then calcined. Then the material is pressed to produce pellets and the sintered. The doping used varies from 0 to 5 mol% of titanium and zinc. XRD results showed that all variations in titanium doped had found rhombohedral and monoclinic. whereas in zinc doping also have those phase. The highest ionic conductivity is 7.8x10-3 S/m on 2% mol Zinc Addition
Microscopic and molecular investigation of vector borne haemoprotozoan diseases in dromedary camel of North Gujarat
Authors: Sarma Dhyanjyoti , Das Bhupamani , Patel Niral , Patel Arun , Suthar Abhinav , Prajapati Ankit , Patel R M
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

Vector borne haemoprotozoan diseases comprise diverse group of single celled organism transmitted by haematophagus invertebrates. The current study was aimed at identification of major haemoprotozoan (Babesia, Theileria and Trypanosoma) in dromedary camel of North Gujarat region using microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

Methods:

A total of 234 blood samples were screened by the microscopic and molecular detection assays. Molecular prevalence studies of Theileria, Trypanosoma spp and Babesia was undertaken using 18s ribosomal DNA, RoTat 1.2 and SS rRNA gene respectively. The data relating to microscopic and molecular prevalence along with associated risk factors were analysed by statistical methods.

Results:

The overall prevalence of hamoprotozoan disease based on microscopic and molecular investigation was 23.50%. The sensitivity and specificity (95% Confidence Interval) of PCR assay was 100% in comparison to microscopy (45.45% and 100%). The kappa coefficient between PCR and microscopy indicated good level of agreement with a value of 0.704 and SE of 0.159.

Interpretation & conclusion:

Despite holding much significance to the animal sector, little work has been undertaken in regional part of India regarding camel parasites. The present paper offers the first preliminary research data investigating haemoprotozoan disease using parasitological and molecular methods in camels in the region.
Association between malaria parasite density and hematological profile in malaria infected children at a Nigerian Private hospital
Authors: Adetunji Oyedeji Olusola
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

The correct association between Plasmodium falciparum parasite density and the cellular constituents of blood is not known in entirety in Nigerian children. Thus, we decided to study the association between cellular blood constituents and malaria parasite density in malaria infected children attending a Nigerian hospital.

Methods:

A study of all children diagnosed with malaria fever at the Pediatric out-patient clinic, Cedar Crest Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria, was conducted. Packed cell volume, white blood cells with differentials and platelet counts and malaria parasite densities obtained from blood samples were studied. Malaria parasite densities more than 2 pluses were classified as significant parasitemia and 1 plus as non-significant. Information obtained was recorded and analysed with SPSS 22 software.

Results:

A total 143 children (74 boys and 69 girls) diagnosed with malaria of ages between 5 months to 17 years (mean 5.24 ±4.60) were studied. The majority of 141 (98.6%) had non-significant P. falciparum parasitemia, while 2 (2.4%) had significant parasitemia. Of the 143 children with malaria, 116 (81.1%) had a normal leucocyte count. All children with significant parasitemia had a normal leucocyte count. Of the 143 children, 11 (7.7%) had anemia and 10 (7.0%) thrombocytopenia. Anemia, monocytosis and thrombocytopenia were significantly associated with significant malaria parasitemia (p<0.05). Mean platelet counts was significantly less amongst those with significant parasitemia (p<0.01).

Interpretation & conclusion:

All patients with significant malaria parasitemia had normal leucocyte count. Significant malaria parasitemia is significantly associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia and monocytosis. Blood film appearances showing these changes are suggestive of significant malaria parasitemia.
An eco-epidemiological analysis of Dengue outbreak in Port Blair, South Andaman Island, India, during 2022
Authors: Jena Sasmita Rani , Kaliyamoorthy M , Bhattacharyya T K , Baruah Kalpana
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

In Port Blair, the capital of Andaman & Nicobar Islands, in the Bay of Bengal, there was a sudden increase in fever cases resembling the symptoms of dengue in the monsoon period of 2022. Hence, an investigation was carried out to find out both epidemiological and entomological reasons behind the outbreak.

Methods:

An Entomological survey was carried out in 24 wards of Port Blair Municipal Council (PBMC) area, epidemiological data of last six years (January to December of 2017–2021 & January to October of 2022) and patient details of the year 2022 were collected. Both the epidemiological and entomological data were analyzed concerning time and place.

Results:

During this outbreak period tyres (22.4%) came out as a major breeding habitat followed by small discarded materials (17.5%), metal drums (15.3%), and plastic drums (11.7%). In rainy season peri-domestic breeding (55%) was more than the domestic breeding (45%) habitat. Ae. aegypti had a high preference for indoor large containers (100-1000 L) like plastic tank, metal drum and cement tank whereas Ae. albopictus prefers to breed in medium sized plastic container (20-100 L) and outdoor water receptacles like tyres, flower pots, domestic discarded materials etc.

Interpretation & conclusion:

By source reduction, indoor space spray and outdoor fogging vector density was controlled which curtailed the transmission and within 8 weeks decreasing trend of dengue cases were noticed. A regular entomological survey is very important to know the seasonality and key breeding habitats of the vector for proper planning of vector control.
AI in the repurposing of potential herbs for filariasis therapy
Authors: Wiwanitmkit Somsri , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

The goal of this study was to see how well an AI language model called Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) assisted healthcare personnel in selecting relevant medications for filariasis therapy. A team of medical specialists and tropical medicine experts reviewed ChatGPT's recommendations for ten hypothetical filariasis clinical situations.

Methods:

The purpose of this study was to look at the effectiveness of an AI language model called Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in supporting healthcare providers in picking appropriate drugs for filariasis treatment. Ten hypothetical filariasis clinical cases were submitted to ChatGPT, and its recommendations were evaluated by a panel of medical professionals and tropical medicine experts.

Results:

ChatGPT gave appropriate suggestions for potential medication repurposing in filariasis treatment in all ten clinical scenarios. Its drug recommendations were in line with current medical research and literature. Despite the lack of particular treatment regimens, ChatGPT's general ideas proved useful for healthcare practitioners, providing insights and updates on prospective drug repurposing tactics.

Interpretation & conclusion:

ChatGPT shows promise as a useful method for repurposing drugs in the treatment of filariasis. Its thorough and brief responses make it useful for finding possible pharmacological candidates. However, it is critical to recognize ChatGPT's limitations, such as the requirement for additional clinical information and the inability to change therapy. Further research and development are required to optimize its use in filariasis therapy settings.
Unveiling Malaria's Silent Threat: From Socioeconomic Divides to Religious Influences, A Path to Effective Prevention in India
Authors: Aiman Ume , Azad Zainab , Awais Abdul Raffay
Published: January 2024

Malaria remains a formidable public health challenge in India, particularly in low-socioeconomic regions, where it exacts a heavy toll on lives every year. This pressing issue gains prominence in light of a recent study conducted by Ronald et al. in Uganda, which illuminates the factors contributing to the elevated prevalence of malaria in economically disadvantaged areas. The study underscores the efficacy of interventions such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) in curtailing malaria incidence. Additionally, the World Health Organization's endorsement of the RTS, S/AS01 (RTS, S) malaria vaccine presents a promising development in the battle against this devastating disease. This letter underscores the imperative nature of implementing comprehensive strategies in India, which encompass widespread ITN distribution, the expansion of IRS programs, and the integration of the RTS, S/AS01 vaccine into the national immunization regimen. These concerted efforts are pivotal in furnishing cost-effective preventive measures to counter the mounting wave of malaria cases in India. Confronting malaria through a multifaceted approach stands as an essential approach to mitigate the disease's burden and ultimately safeguard the lives of India's vulnerable populations.
In silico screening of potential plant peptides against the Non-structural proteins of Dengue virus
Authors: Reena G , Ranjani R , Gowtham D , Sangeetha K
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

Peptides isolated from different sources of plants have the advantages of specificity, lower toxicity, and increased therapeutic effects; hence, it is necessary to search for newer antivirals from plant sources for the treatment of dengue viral infections.

Methods:

In silico screening of selected plant peptides against the non-structural protein 1, NS3 protease domain (NS2B-NS3Pro) with the cofactor and ATPase/Helicase domain (NS3 helicase domain/NS3hel) of Dengue virus was performed. The physicochemical characteristics of the peptides were calculated using Protparam tools, and the allergenicity and toxicity profiles were assessed using allergenFP and ToxinPred, respectively.

Results:

Among the tested compounds, Ginkbilobin demonstrated higher binding energy against three tested non-structural protein targets. Kalata β-8 demonstrated maximum binding energy against NSP-1 and NSP-2, whereas Circulin A acted against the NSP3 protein of the dengue virus.

Interpretation & conclusion:

Hence, the three compounds identified by in silico screening can be tested further for in vitro studies, which could act as potential leads as they are involved in hampering the replication of the dengue virus by interacting with the three prime non-structural proteins.
Sarcomatoid variant of Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma: A rare case report in an adult female
Authors: Jagdale Rakhi V. , Jain Supriya , Pol Jaydeep N. , Khochikar Makarand V.
Published: January 2024

Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (XPTRCC) is a very rare kidney neoplasm, which has been predominantly reported in young patients. Sarcomatoid transformation in renal cell carcinomas is known. However, its occurrence in XPTRCC is unreported so far in the literature. We report a unique case of sarcomatoid transformation in a XPTRCC in a 23-year-old female, who presented with a huge right-sided renal mass and had metastatic deposits in lungs. Morphologically, clear cell morphology with papillary architecture along with foci of sarcomatoid transformation and rhabdoid differentiation were noted. Immunohistochemistry showed Pax-8 and TFE-3 expression in all components including the sarcomatous areas, whereas CK and EMA were expressed in conventional clear cell component. We present an extremely rare case of sarcomatous transformation in XPTRCC and discuss the case as determined by histopathology and immunocytochemistry. To our knowledge, this is the first case of sarcomatoid transformation XPTRCC being reported in the world literature.
An unreported case of intraoperative frozen section diagnosis of a sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary- A report with a review
Authors: Ayyanar Pavithra , Sable Mukund N. , Sethi Pruthwiraj , Prasad Niraj , Mishra Pritinanda
Published: January 2024

Sclerosing stromal tumor is a benign sex cord-stromal tumor, that commonly occurs in the second and third decades of age. Intraoperative diagnosis of this entity poses a great challenge because of the rare occurrence and can mimic malignant lesions. A 15-year-old female presented with a right ovarian mass. Serum markers were within normal limits. The radiological evaluation showed a large heterogeneously enhancing solid cystic abdominopelvic mass of size 16 × 14 × 9 cm with non-visualization of both ovaries separately and a few areas of calcification with mild ascites. An open cystectomy was performed. A part of the cyst wall was sent for an intraoperative frozen section. It was reported as sclerosing stromal tumor, and the post-operative specimen also confirmed the same. Areas of calcification and ossification were also identified as additional findings. We reported this case because of the uncommon occurrence, highlighting additional histological features, and also did a literature review, especially focussing on the intra-operative diagnosis.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following enteric fever: A rare autopsy case report
Authors: Fernandes Gwendolyn , Mhashete Pooja , Patwardhan Pranav Pramod
Published: January 2024

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe and frequently underdiagnosed disorder of systemic immune dysregulation resulting in hypercytokinemia and histologically evident hemophagocytosis, We report a case of a 34-year-old man who presented with breathlessness, generalized weakness, and fever of unknown origin with pancytopenia. Clinically the patient was admitted for febrile illness, and treated symptomatically but his general condition worsened leading to death within 21 hours of admission. A complete autopsy was performed. The deceased had a significant past history of repeated episodes of fever, weight loss, and axillary lymphadenopathy over a period of 8 months with multiple hospital admissions. He was also diagnosed with enteric fever (Widal test and Typhi IgM positive) at the start of these episodes. Hemogram during this period revealed persistent pancytopenia. Serum ferritin, serum triglycerides, and liver function tests were consistently deranged. Investigations for the etiology of fever and blood cultures were negative while the bone marrow aspirate revealed a normocellular marrow. CT abdomen-pelvis showed mild hepatomegaly with enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Infective endocarditis, lymphoma, and bronchopneumonia were being considered the clinical diagnoses. The significant autopsy findings were hepatosplenomegaly with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy and multiple gastric ulcers. On microscopy, the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes showed characteristic hemophagocytosis. Post-mortem histopathological examination clinched the diagnosis of HLH and fulfilled six out of eight diagnostic criteria of the HLH-2004 protocol. We discuss the clinical course and diagnosis of this unique case and strive to create awareness about secondary HLH induced by common diseases, such as enteric fever.
Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: A rare case report with review of literature and its differential diagnosis
Authors: Dhandapani Karthik , Gandhi Jahnavi , Gami Amisha
Published: January 2024

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor (OFMT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor of uncertain histogenesis with intermediate malignant potential presenting commonly in the fifth to sixth decade in the proximal limb and limb girdle. A 65-year-old male patient presented with a slow-growing gluteal mass. Wide local excision performed showed a well-defined tumor in the subcutaneous plane with a partially hard outer shell. Microscopy showed a moderately cellular tumor having cords and nests of round to ovoid cells with moderate cytoplasm and bland nuclei embedded in a myxo-hyaline matrix. An incomplete peripheral rim of ossification was seen. Pleomorphism/high cellularity was not seen. Mitosis was <2/50 high-power field. On immunohistochemistry, both S100 and desmin were positive. A diagnosis of typical OFMT was rendered. Even though rare with many morphological mimics, OFMT should be diagnosed with precision as most of these tumors are low-grade tumors that require only wide local excision and close follow-up without any adjuvant therapy.
Extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma with CD20 positive: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Han Yongliang , Wei Shufei , Zhang Yihang , Wang Liangliang , Xu Xiao
Published: January 2024

Extranodal nasal-type natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Neoplastic lymphocytes are positive for CD4, CD56, and CD20, a specific B-cell marker. CD20 positive NK/T-cell lymphoma is rare, with only nine reported cases. This paper reports a case of nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma with CD20 positivity in a 47-year-old woman. The patient presented with bilateral nasal congestion and bloody nasal cavity secretions for 2 months. Computed tomography revealed thickening of the nasal mucosa and posterior wall of the nasopharyngeal crest, and the left and right cervical lymph nodes were enlarged. On histopathology, the lesion was composed of medium-sized atypical lymphoid cells and vascular infringement. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were positive for CD20, CD3, CD56, and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. The patient was treated with radiotherapy for 2 months and is currently well.
MiT family translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma: A report of two cases in children
Authors: Mukherjee Sriranjan , Basu Keya , Basu Kalyani S. , Chatterjee Uttara
Published: January 2024

Renal cell carcinoma is uncommon in children and must be distinguished from the more common Wilms’ tumor. Here, we present two cases of renal cell carcinoma in children both of whom presented with hematuria. Accurate diagnosis is essential in order to differentiate it from epithelial predominant Wilms’ tumor which has vastly different prognosis and treatment. Immunohistochemistry for TFE3 is useful in establishing the diagnosis.
Peripheral blood smear – An expeditious test in the preliminary diagnosis of bone marrow embolism in a case of multiple fractures: A case report
Authors: Rajashekar Rajalakshmi B. , Suchitha S , Shetty Mahesh S , Gowda Apoorva P.
Published: January 2024

Bone marrow embolism is known to occur after fractures of long bones such as the femur and pelvis. We report a case of multiple fractures in a 32-year-old female patient, demonstrating bone marrow elements in the peripheral blood as early as 2 hours after trauma. This is the first case being reported with an ante-mortem demonstration of circulating marrow emboli in the peripheral blood, while the previously reported cases have demonstrated the emboli in post-mortem examination. A careful correlation of the clinical history of trauma, hematology auto-analyzer results, and the presence of bone marrow particles and fat globules in peripheral blood helped in arriving at the diagnosis of fat embolism in our case irrefutably.
Study of morphology with assessment of expression of proliferation marker Ki67 antigen and P53 protein in lesions of gall bladder
Authors: Ramesh Ojasvi , Gupta Mamta , Kaushik Sanjay , Acharya Seema , Thakur Brijesh , Bhardwaj Aparna
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To study the spectrum and distribution of histopathological changes and evaluate immunohistochemistry markers p53 protein and Ki67 antigen in various lesions of gall bladder.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 804 consecutive gall bladder specimens were evaluated. Forty cases were selected for immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate expression of p53 and ki67 proliferation index, including 20 carcinoma gall bladder cases and 20 cases of inflammatory pathology associated with metaplasia, atypia, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and adenoma. p53 immunostaining was categorized as wild type and mutant type. ki67 of >20% was considered high expression.

Results:

The majority of the gall bladder lesions were inflammatory in origin, most common being chronic cholecystitis. In the group of 20 gall bladder carcinoma cases, 65% were p53 mutant and the remaining 35% cases had a p53 wild-type immunophenotype. 55% cases showed high expression for ki67 labeling. However, significant correlation (P< 0.05) was seen with lympho-vascular invasion. Among non-malignant lesions, normal/wild-type p53 expression was seen with increasing intensity and positivity in lesions with atypia and intra-epithelial neoplasms. Ki67 index also showed the same trend in all cases.

Conclusions:

p53 and ki-67 expression increases in inflammation, and further increment occurs in premalignant and malignant lesions of the gall bladder epithelium and can be used as a marker of aggression of histopathological lesions. The results emphasize the potential of Ki-67 and p53 as biomarkers of carcinogenesis in gall bladder carcinoma.
Shaggy aorta—An autopsy analysis
Authors: Zare Pranita , Vaideeswar Pradeep
Published: January 2024

Aims:

Shaggy aorta is defined as “very extensive atheromatous disease with diffuse ulcers associated with soft, loosely held debris and a paucity of actual thrombus” and often results in visceral or peripheral arterial embolization (shaggy aorta syndrome). Most of the studies are clinico-radiological with hardly any assessment of the pathological features. We present an autopsy analysis of shaggy aorta.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective study of autopsied cases of shaggy aorta over 15 years was conducted. The involvement of the various segments of the aorta (ascending, transverse, thoracic, and abdominal) was correlated with the clinical manifestations and cardiac/extra-cardiac findings at autopsy. The mortality was categorized as those related to shaggy aorta (Group I), related to cardiac diseases (Group II), and those unrelated to cardiovascular diseases (Group III).

Statistical Analysis:

Nil.

Results:

In a span of 15 years, there were 76 cases of shaggy aorta affecting predominantly males (85.5%) and patients in the sixth decades of life (mean age of 64.5 years). The important associated cardiovascular risk factors included hypertension, tobacco use, and diabetes mellitus. Predominant involvement of the entire aorta and arch + descending aorta was seen in 39.5% and 35.5% of the cases, respectively. Regardless of extreme severity, only half of the patients (37 cases, 48. 7%) had clinical presentation due to shaggy aorta.

Conclusions:

The occurrence of shaggy aorta may be more common than expected, and it would be important to keep this possibility in mind even in asymptomatic elderly patients with cardiovascular risk factors since aorto-arterial manipulations and anti-coagulant therapy can prove detrimental in such patients.
Etiology of Meningoencephalitis in children aged less than 5 years
Authors: Mishra Vivek K. , Khan Tanzeela , Jeet Amar , Prakash Om , Chandrakanta  , Srivastava Ashish K. , Singh Sangram , Pathak Neelam , Jain Amita
Published: January 2024

Background:

The incidence of meningoencephalitis (ME) in India is poorly understood, and the exact etiological diagnosis is often not possible. This study was planned to elucidate the bacterial and viral etiological diagnosis of ME in children less than 5 years of age.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted in Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (VRDL), Department of Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, from July 2020 to June 2022. Serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and nose/throat swabs were collected from all the enrolled cases of meningoencephalitis in children below 5 years of age and tested for various etiological agents by ELISA and/or real-time PCR.

Results:

Of 130 enrolled cases, 50 (38.5%) cases tested positive for one or more etiological agents. Etiological agents of ME detected were Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) (8.46%), adenovirus (6.92%), influenza virus (5.38%), dengue virus (3.85%), Parvo B-19 virus (3.08%), Orientia tsutsugamushi (3.08%), Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) (1.54%), measles virus (1.54%), and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) (1.54%). Rubella virus, Chikungunya virus (CHKV), Mumps virus, Enteroviruses, Parecho virus, John Cunningham virus (JC), BK virus, Nipah virus, Kyasanur Forest Disease virus (KFD), Chandipura virus, Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-2), SARS CoV-2, N. Meningitides, and H. Influenzae were tested but not detected in any of the cases.

Conclusion:

We identified the etiological agents in 50/130 (38.5%) suspected ME cases in children less than 5 years of age, using molecular and ELISA-based diagnostic methods. The four most common pathogens detected were JEV, adenovirus, influenza virus, and dengue virus.
Primary neurolymphomatosis presenting as foot drop: A rare case report
Authors: Bakshi Neha , Chand Vineeta , Anand Rajiv , Duggal Rajan
Published: January 2024

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is the direct infiltration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by lymphoma cells and represents the least common form of PNS involvement by lymphoma. Clinical presentation is varied, and early diagnosis remains challenging. Nerve biopsy remains the diagnostic gold standard, use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) may help in diagnosis and selecting targets for biopsy. We report an account of an older male patient who presented with subacute onset multifocal neuropathy involving bilateral lower limbs and left foot drop. The patient was initially misdiagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; however radiological assessment revealed fusiform thickening of the L5 nerve root and biopsy from the site revealed extensive infiltration by diffuse large B cell type non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). High index of suspicion is vital to ensure correct diagnosis, timely treatment, and to improve patient survival.
Role of circulating microRNAs in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Baranwal Harshita , Mishra Shravan K. , Kumari Niraj , Singh Shalini , Krishnani Narendra , Nath Alok , Neyaz Zafar
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of mortality globally. Early imaging detection modalities are associated with high false-positive rates and radiation exposure. A non-invasive biomarker can serve as an improvised method for early detection. MicroRNAs can serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker as they are stable in circulation, tissue or biological process-specific, easy to detect, cost-effective, and not associated with radiation hazards. This study validates circulating microRNA in NSCLC of the Indian population and studies its correlation with clinicopathological parameters.

Materials and Methods:

Circulating microRNA (-miR-193b, miR-301a, miR-7, and miR-25) was evaluated in 101 cases of tissue-proven NSCLC and 28 controls in serum samples.

Results:

There were 67 male and 34 female patients (Male: Female = 1.97:1). The age range was 25 to 86 years with a median age of 60 years. There was a significant upregulation in the expression of miR-193b in the NSCLC group as compared to controls (P = 0.034). MiR-7 was also upregulated while miR-25 and miR-301a were downregulated in NSCLC as compared to controls; however, a level of significance was not achieved. ROC curve analysis for miR-193b showed an AUC of 0.636 (95% CI, 0.522-0.750; P-value = 0.036) between NSCLC cases and controls.

Conclusion:

The present study showed variable expression of the above-studied miRNAs. MiR-193b showed a significant upregulation in cancer patients; however, the other three miRNAs were not conclusive. This suggests that profiling of microRNA in each population is essential to search for a valid non-invasive biomarker in that population.
Sebaceous carcinoma with apocrine differentiation arising in a known case of basal cell carcinoma: A rare entity
Authors: Ahuja Manisha , Mandal Shramana , Singh Meeta , Khurana Nita , Bhandari Padam Singh
Published: January 2024

Sebaceous carcinoma is a ra malignant tumor of adnexal origin arising from sebaceous glands. It is most commonly seen arising from the eyelids and head and neck. It is predominantly seen in females with an average age of around 65 years. Apocrine differentiation in sebaceous carcinomas is rare but has been reported in the literature. Here, we present a case of sebaceous carcinoma with apocrine differentiation in a 62-year- old female who was a diagnosed case of basal cell carinoma.