bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neonatal form of biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease. Clues to diagnosis
Authors: Değerliyurt Aydan , Gündüz Mehmet , Ceylaner Serdar , Ünal Özlem , Ünal Sevim
Published: January 2020

Biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease is characterized by seizures, dystonia and encephalopathy attacks, with an acute-subacute onset in childhood. It causes cerebral damage especially with caudate head and putamen involvement and may lead to severe sequelae and even death if left untreated. We report a patient with the neonatal form of biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease who presented with encephalopathy and lactic acidosis in the neonatal period together with the diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clues. MRI in the neonatal period revealed bilateral involvement of the putamen, thalamus, and perirolandic cortical regions. However, MRI obtained at 32 months revealed involvement of the caudate nuclei in addition to the putamen and thalami. The neuroimaging findings of our patient and relevant literature indicate that patients with biotin-thiamine-responsive basal ganglia disease who are symptomatic in the neonatal period have putamen, thalami, and perirolandic cortical involvement. However, these patients do not have caudate involvement, unlike the patients who present in childhood.
First report of human ehrlichiosis in Turkey
Authors: Emiroğlu Melike , Çelebi Bekir
Published: January 2020

Ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne infection, can cause severe and fatal disease. A 6-year-old boy was admitted with fever, chills, malaise, headache, anorexia, rhinorrhoea, and cough lasting two days. He had had contact with a dog 10 days prior, and a tick had been removed the day before. Fever, minimal conjunctival injection, oropharyngeal hyperemia and cracked, hyperemic lips were observed. Laboratory tests were normal except for lymphopenia and hyponatremia. Cytoplasmic morulae in the monocytes and granulocytes were seen on peripheral blood smear. Doxycycline was started immediately, and the fever subsided within 48 hours. Given the Ehrlichia was positive but Anaplasma negative by real-time PCR, he was diagnosed as ehrlichiosis, subspecies identification could not be performed. This is the first human ehrlichiosis case in Turkey.
An infant with an extremely rare cobalamin disorder: Methionine synthase deficiency and importance of early diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Kasapkara Çiğdem Seher , Yılmaz-Keskin Ebru , Özbay-Hoşnut Ferda , Akçaboy Meltem , Polat Emine , Olgaç Asburçe , Zorlu Pelin
Published: January 2020

Functional methionine synthase deficiency can be separated into two classes, cobalamin (Cbl) deficiency type E (CblE) and type G (CblG), which are the result of mutations that affect methionine synthase reductase or methionine synthase, respectively. Deficiency of methionine synthase activity may result in megaloblastic anemia without methylmalonic aciduria and neuromuscular abnormality of varying severity. Delayed milestones, ataxia, cerebral atrophy, muscular hypotonia, neonatal seizures, and blindness have been reported as the associated clinical findings. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a more favorable diagnosis of the affected cases. Herein we report a three-month-old boy with CblG disease who presented with failure to thrive, chronic diarrhea, feeding intolerance, oral ulcers, microcephaly and hypotonia, and showed a dramatic response to treatment. In the first few months of life, megaloblastic anemia accompanied by apparent neurological involvement should direct physicians to order examinations like measurement of total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels to detect possible forms of inherited Cbl intracellular metabolism disorders.
Alpha methyl acyl CoA racemase deficiency: Diagnosis with isolated elevated liver enzymes
Authors: Gündüz Mehmet , Ünal Özlem , Küçükçongar-Yavaş Aynur , Kasapkara Çiğdem
Published: January 2020

Alpha methy acyl CoA racemase (AMACR) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal disorder characterized by cholestatic liver disease in the neonatal period, and variable neurologic symptoms affecting central and peripheral nervous systems in the following years. We report a Turkish patient who was diagnosed with AMACR deficiency with presentation of isolated elevated liver enzymes. The patient was referred for elevated liver enzymes when he was 10 months old. He had no cholestasis history in the neonatal period. Initially, an etiology could not be identified. Ultimately, the patient was diagnosed with AMACR deficiency with previously unreported p.Cys20Tyr (c.596G > A) homozygous pathogenic variant. At last visit, when he was 7.5 years old, his growth, development and neurologic examination were all normal. Biochemical analysis was normal except for mildly elevated AST levels. We suggest that checking VLCFA analysis may be useful in isolated elevated liver enzymes with unknown etiology.
Bismuth intoxication resulting in acute kidney injury in a pregnant adolescent girl
Authors: Çelebi-Tayfur Aslı , Yaradılmış Raziye Merve , Ulus Fatma , Çaltık-Yılmaz Aysun , Özayar Esra , Koşar Berrin , Büyükkaragöz Bahar , Horasanlı Eyüp
Published: January 2020

Bismuth intoxication is a rare cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is usually reversible by appropriate therapeutic measures. We present here a case of an adolescent pregnant girl who developed AKI due to an overdose of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS, total amount of 6 g). She received parenteral chelating agent dimercaprol for 14 days. Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHD) with high-flux membrane was carried out in the first 3 days of chelating therapy and intermittent hemodialysis for 11 days, thereafter. The patient recovered clinically and was discharged after 21 days. She gave birth to a healthy term boy. At the last visit, the baby was 6 months old with normal growth and development as well as normal kidney functions. Neither deterioration in renal functions nor emergence of proteinuria was recorded in the patient during follow-up care after hospital discharge. In cases of AKI due to an overdose of CBS, treatment with dimercaprol combined with high flux hemodiafiltration and subsequently hemodialysis appears to be both useful and safe for bismuth elimination.
Infant lymphoblastic leukemia: a single centers 10 year experience
Authors: Yaman-Bajin İnci , Aytaç Selin , Kuşkonmaz Barış , Uçkan-Çetinkaya Duygu , Ünal Şule , Gümrük Fatma , Çetin Mualla
Published: January 2020

Infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare disease and consists of 4-5% of all childhood ALL. Despite improved survival rates in childhood ALL, infants with ALL have a worse prognosis. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of our patients diagnosed with infant ALL at Hacettepe University, Pediatric Hematology Department between 1 January 2008 and 1 January 2018 retrospectively. There were 13 patients with a median age of 7 months. Three of the patients were triplets born from a spontaneous monozygotic triplet pregnancy. Relapse were observed in 4 patients. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed for five patients. Relapse after HSCT was observed in 3 patients. After a median follow-up period of 18 months, 6 patients (45%) (3 after HSCT and 3 who only received chemotherapy) were alive and in remission. Prognosis of infant ALL is poor in that only half of the patients survive. Our results suggest that bone marrow transplantation seems to be a good and efficient choice of treatment for selected patients. However, there is still a big issue to decide which patient should undergo transplantation and more studies are needed to reevaluate the eligibility criteria for HSCT in this group of patients.
Clinical features of 27 Turkish Propionic acidemia patients with 12 novel mutations
Authors: Kör Deniz , Şeker-Yılmaz Berna , Bulut Fatma Derya , Kılavuz Sebile , Öktem Murat , Ceylaner Serdar , Yıldızdaş Dinçer , Önenli-Mungan Neslihan
Published: January 2020

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inherited metabolic disease caused by the deficiency of one of the four biotin-dependent enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), and is characterized by coma and death in unrecognized patients, additionally late diagnosis leads to severe developmental delay and neurological sequels. Manifestations of PA over time can include growth impairment, intellectual disability, seizures, basal ganglia lesions, pancreatitis, and cardiomyopathy. Other rarely reported complications include optic atrophy, hearing loss, premature ovarian insufficiency, and chronic renal failure. Mutations in PCCA-PCCB genes cause the clinically heterogeneous disease of PA. In this study, we investigate the mutation spectrum of PCCAPCCB genes and phenotypic features of 27 Turkish patients with PA from the South and Southeast parts of Turkey. We report 12 novel PA mutations, five affecting the PCCA gene and 7 affecting the PCCB gene.
Comparison of neonatal reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes in the cord blood-A single center study in South Korea
Authors: Choi Seong Jin , Lee Saejin , Lee Byoungkook , Jang Jae Yun , Cho Jooyoung , Uh Young
Published: January 2020

Reference intervals for laboratory tests are important in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, due to difficulty in recruiting sufficient numbers of reference subjects, studies regarding reference intervals for biochemical analytes in neonates is lacking. The aim of this study was to compare and validate the reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes in the cord blood of neonates. From August to December 2017, 79 consecutive neonates born at the Wonju Severance Christian Hospital (Wonju, Korea) with C-reactive protein concentration less than 0.05 mg/dL were included in this study. All of 23 biochemical analytes were measured by the cobas 8000 c702 (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland). Mean ± 2 standard deviations (SD) were calculated if the values were normally distributed, and median and the range of 2.5-97.5 percentile were described when the values were not normally distributed. We compared the neonatal reference intervals for 23 biochemical analytes. Alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase showed significant differences according to sex, and direct bilirubin revealed significant differences depending on the delivery mode. These compared reference intervals of 23 biochemical analytes will be useful for clinical decision-making in the management of neonates.
Atypical phenotype of an old disease or typical phenotype of a new disease: deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2
Authors: Çakan Mustafa , Aktay-Ayaz Nuray , Karadağ Şerife Gül , Tahir-Turanlı Eda , Stafstrom Kelsey , Bainter Wayne , Geha Raif S , Chou Janet
Published: January 2020

Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is an autosomal recessive autoinflammatory disorder caused by mutations in CECR1 (cat eye syndrome chromosome region, canditate 1) gene, which encodes the enzyme adenosine deaminase 2 necessary for endothelial cell survival and function. The diversity of the clinical phenotypes associated with DADA2 include polyarteritis nodosa-like vasculitic features, early-onset stroke, mild to severe immunodeficiency and cytopenias. The diagnosis of the disease may be difficult due to complex clinical phenotype. Herein, we present a case of DADA2 presenting with vasculitis, amarousis fugax, gastrointestinal bleeding and silent lacunar infarct successfully treated with etanercept.
IPEX syndrome: an easily-missed diagnosis of a life threatening condition
Authors: Alassaf Abeer , Odeh Rasha
Published: January 2020

We are reporting a case of neonatal diabetes mellitus, eczema and chronic diarrhea, suspected clinically to have Immunodysregulation Polyendocrinopathy Enteropathy X-linked (IPEX) syndrome and the diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing. IPEX syndrome is a rare inherited X-linked recessive condition, causing life-threatening systemic autoimmune disorder which is characterized by immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy and enteropathy. The child who presented to our clinic at 11 months of age, had diabetic ketoacidosis at the age of 3 weeks, and was managed at that time and then was started on multiple dose insulin injection regimen, also he had a history of recurrent episodes of eczematous dermatitis and chronic diarrhea that started since early infancy. The rarity of this condition, may had led to delayed diagnosis and hence delayed definitive treatment - namely bone marrow transplant, which has variable outcomes. Immunosuppressive treatment can be used, if bone marrow transplant is not feasible. Our aim is to increase the awareness of physicians to this rare syndrome, which usually presents as neonatal diabetes mellitus, eczematous dermatitis and chronic diarrhea. The earlier the diagnosis of this condition, the better the outcome.
Concomitance of Familial Mediterranean Fever and Gitelman syndrome in an adolescent
Authors: Atmış Bahriye , Kışla-Ekinci Rabia Miray , Melek Engin , Bişgin Atıl , Yılmaz Mustafa , Anarat Ali , Karabay-Bayazıt Aysun
Published: January 2020

Gitelman syndrome is a renal tubular salt-wasting disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. Patients occasionally have symptoms in childhood, while diagnosis is often in adulthood. It is inherited by an autosomal recessive manner through SLC12A3 gene mutations. Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is the most common autoinflammatory disorder, inherited by an autosomal recessive manner and characterized by recurrent fever and pleuritis, peritonitis, and synovitis. Mutations in MEditerrenean FeVer (MEFV) gene, coding pyrin protein are responsible for FMF. Both MEFV and SCL12A3 genes were located on chromosome 16. A 9-year-old boy was admitted to our department because of recurrent abdominal pain, fever, joint pain and swelling since he was three years old. He was diagnosed as FMF and MEFV gene sequencing revealed homozygous M694V (c.2080A > G) mutation. At the age of 14 years, polyuria, polydipsia, hypokalemia and mild hypomagnesemia had occurred. Patient was successfully treated with oral supplementation of potassium and magnesium along with colchicine. Molecular genetic analysis including SCL12A3 gene sequencing revealed homozygote IVS4-16G > A (c.602-16G > A) intronic splicing site mutation.
A synchronous occurrence of bifocal intracranial germinoma and bilateral testicular epidermoid cyst in an adolescent patient with Klinefelter`s syndrome
Authors: Özyörük Derya , Kocayozgat Ayça , Yaman-Bajin İnci , Çetindağ Faik , Oğuz-Erdoğan Ayşe Selcen , Güneş Altan
Published: January 2020

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is characterized by an additional X chromosome in males leading to a karyotype of 47,XXY. It is associated with an increased risk of certain malignancies, including leukemia, breast cancer and extragonadal germ cell tumor such as mediastinal germ cell tumors and rarely intracranial germ cell tumors. It is possible that the increased risk of developing certain cancers can be attributed to a direct effect of the chromosomal abnormality or the combined action of the abnormal chromosomes and hormonal imbalances. Here we describe a synchronous occurrence of bifocal intracranial germinoma and bilateral testicular epidermoid cyst in an adolescent patient with Klinefelter`s syndrome. The synchronous occurrence of the dual tumors in this patient with Klinefelter`s syndrome might be resulted from the migration defect during embriyogenesis due to underlying genetic disease or it is a coincidental condition, yet there has been no case reported in the literature, so far.
Dependence of Key Estimates From PTA on Flow Paths in Heterogeneous-Reservoir Systems
Authors: Rahman N M Anisur , Sarac Sukru
Published: January 2020

Although parameter estimates from pressure-transient analysis (PTA) in homogeneous reservoir systems are well understood, such estimates from heterogeneous systems can be illusive if the flow paths of fluid movement in the reservoir are not captured well. This study brings in the perspectives of parameter estimations (for example, flow capacity, skin factor, and volume of the investigated region) based on the fluid-flow paths. The disseminated knowledge will help mitigate potential errors due to misunderstanding flow paths.

A number of idealized multi-layer models, and geological sector models have been built to generate pressure responses, and to understand the flow paths towards wells. Flow paths are controlled through horizontal and vertical permeability, and skin factors in perforated and open intervals in the wells. In each case, the flow capacity, skin factor and volume investigated are estimated from the generated pressure responses to show the dependence of estimated parameters on the flow paths in the reservoirs. We will also determine the shape and size of the region investigated with changes in flow paths during the numerical experiments.

In this paper, we highlight the pitfalls of interpreting pressure-transient data for layered, heterogeneous reservoir systems. The fluid-flow paths in complex reservoirs have direct impacts on the transient-pressure behavior, and on the estimates of key reservoir parameters. Natural paths that fluids flow along deep inside the reservoir can be modified in the reservoir models based on the engineer's input parameters. This can inadvertently result in modifications of the flow capacity, investigated volume, and reserves estimate. The outcomes of these numerical experiments with analytical and numerical models will certainly challenge the existing understanding of the reservoir flow capacity, and the widely-accepted radius of investigation concept. Conventionally, these parameters are explained without any regard for the flow paths in reservoirs. This paper shows that the flow paths indeed have direct impacts on the transient-pressure behaviors, and on the key parameters as flow capacity, skin factor and volume of investigated region in heterogeneous reservoir systems.

This study establishes a relationship between the parameter estimates and the flow paths in heterogeneous systems. Moreover, running into the pitfalls while building transient and simulation models for heterogeneous reservoir systems will be mitigated with the knowledge gained here.
End to End Data Security Challenges in Real-Time Drilling Data Environment - From Data Transfer to Analytics
Authors: Djamaluddin Basirudin , Ferianto Teguh , Akbar Habibie
Published: January 2020

Data analytics using real-time data has brought many challenges, particularly in respect to security. From data generation to storage, each step in the life cycle has its own challenges. This paper identifies those challenges.

There are several security options that can utilized but for the purpose of this paper we have limited ourselves to the two most common mainstream techniques already used for protecting big data: encryption and access control. The goal is to ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability (CIA) for phases of the data life cycle, from generation to storage.

This research offers a novel approach to the data security and of real-time data transfer and analytics. This paper presents metrics for each of the identified security challenges and aims to validate a real-time data transfer and analytics environment from the security perspective of encryption and access control.
A New Downhole System for Real Time Reservoir Fluid Distribution Mapping: E-REMM, the Eni-Reservoir Electro-Magnetic Mapping System
Authors: Bottazzi Franco , Dell’Aversana Paolo , Molaschi Claudio , Gallino Germana , Carniani Carlo , Cappuccio Pasquale , Servodio Raffaele
Published: January 2020

One of the main challenges in the oil and gas industry is mapping hydrocarbons and other fluids in the reservoir in real-time during production or injection. In facts, knowing how the distribution of hydrocarbons and of water changes over time and space, represents a fundamental requirement for optimizing the management of the reservoir and for maximizing the recovery factor. Having these goals in mind, in this paper we present the basic concepts and the architecture of the E-REMM system (Eni-Reservoir Electro-Magnetic Mapping) developed by Eni S.p.A. This is a borehole electromagnetic methodology, fully integrated with surface electromagnetic methods, aimed at providing real-time mapping of the reservoir fluids distribution during production or injection. The E-REMM system uses electrodes and coils installed permanently in the well completion in order to perform a ‘quasi-continuous’ EM survey. The data are transmitted to the surface and transformed into resistivity models. These are interpreted in terms of fluid distribution in the reservoir, using empirical relationships between resistivity and fluid saturation. This approach is able to provide important benefits in terms of production optimization and reservoir characterization, consequently delivering significant technical and economic advantages. The main advantages expected from the E-REMM System include: optimization of production management, thanks to a better mapping of the fluids in the reservoir; maximization of the hydrocarbons Recovery Factor, thanks to a better planning of the recovery strategy; reduction of operational expenditures (OPEX), such as the reduction of water shut-off intervention and the reduction of the disposal costs for the produced water. Furthermore, the application of the E-REMM system allows reducing the Capital expenditures (CAPEX), thanks to a "modular" approach to the asset development strategy. Finally, combining E-REMM with surface layouts can allow identifying bypassed hydrocarbons accumulations, supporting the processes of near-field exploration and in-field appraisal.
Third Party Access TPA System in Malaysian Gas Market Reform
Authors: Zainudin Zainal Abidin , Lee Moi Hong , Abdul Rahim Nurul Farhana
Published: January 2020

This paper presents the historical evolution of gas market reform in Malaysia. In the first part, it contains the development of gas infrastructures in the early days, introduction of regulated gas price in Malaysia, gas subsidy rationalization and price reforms execution, and the implementation of the Third Party Access (TPA) with enforcement of the Gas Supply (Amendment) Act 2016 (GSA 2016). The comparison and approach used for TPA to the infrastructures in Thailand, Indonesia and Singapore are also included.

In the second part, the paper summaries the TPA regulatory and legal framework that includes the development of TPA Codes and guidelines to promote the development of a competitive gas market, to ensure transparency, fair and nondiscriminatory practices in all transactions concerning the use of regasification terminals, transmission and distribution pipelines. The Codes are also implemented to prevent abuse of dominance and any potential anti-competitive conduct in addition to ensure a safe and reliable supply of gas to the customers. The paper further highlights on infrastructure readiness for the TPA implementation, reaction from market players to comply with GSA 2016, and the natural gas pricing mechanism under the TPA environment.

In the third part, the paper discusses current challenges by the market players to adapt to the new TPA environment, particularly on the infrastructure utilisations, pricing and commercial considerations and further supports required from the Government to continue fostering TPA to enable competition between market players, promote new business opportunities, encourage development of gas infrastructures and investments, and to continue the journey on transition to international market-based pricing. Concurrently, decisions and influences are required on the natural gas demand requirement with the support from environmental regulations, fiscal and tax incentives. As reference, the key success factors from European and North America gas market development are highlighted.

Finally, the paper reiterates the significances and the advantages of TPA implementation in Malaysia, to secure and manage energy supplies for Malaysia's growing domestic demand, as a platform for a healthy competition and to promote economic growth. This, in return, is expected to boost competition efficiency and supply electricity as well as ensuring long-term security of the country's gas supply.
HSE- Friendly Lubricants to Safeguard Environment and Enhance Operational Excellence
Authors: Amanullah Md , Ramasamy Jothibasu , Alouhali Raed
Published: January 2020

The increasing use of ecofriendly chemicals and fluid additives for exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources in onshore and offshore environments needs the development and/or identification of novel HSE-friendly chemicals and additives to improve operational excellence and safeguard the global environment. Hence, a suite of novel HSE friendly lubricants have been developed for exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources without causing any damage and degradation to other marine and terrestrial resources. This paper describes the development, testing and evaluation of several HSE friendly lubricants that have been developed using waste cooking oil as the raw material. Physical and chemical processing of waste cooking oil available from the food and catering industry as a waste by- product have led to the development of several HSE-friendly lubricants to be in the forefront of best drilling practices. Due to the green nature of the products, they will have positive impact on the workers’ health, rig site safety, and the surrounding environment.

Experimental results obtained by conducting industry standard lubricity tests indicate that the newly developed HSE-friendly lubricants have similar or better performance compared to the currently used equivalent lubricants and thus demonstrated their potential as the viable alternatives to equivalent commercial products. Due to the health, safety and environment-friendly nature of the newly developed lubricant products, they will ensure the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas resources with positive impact on the preservation of other marine and terrestrial resources and thus expected to safeguard the global environment and ecosystems. Due to the high potential of the lubricants to improve the interface lubrication of mating surfaces, they are expected to play an effective role in mitigating the torque and drag in deviated, horizontal, extended reach, multi-lateral and also vertical wells with high dog-leg severity while drilling, pulling and running the drill string into the wellbore.
Synergistic Flooding and Gravity Drainage by Steam and Gas
Authors: Liguo Zhong , Cheng Wang , Jianbin Liu , Youwei Jiang , Yongbin Wu
Published: January 2020

Synergistic flooding and gravity drainage by steam and gas (SFGD) is an innovative alternative to SAGD and SAGP, considering its potential to enhance oil recovery and improve oil production rate. This research presents 3D physical experiments and of numerical simulations of SFGD in offshore heavy oil reservoir in Bohai Oilfield, China.

3D physical experiments of SAGP and synergistic flooding and gravity drainage by steam and gas (SFGD) are carrird out. The expanding process of the steam chamber and the production performance in different stages are compared between SAGP and SFGD. And the mechanism of SFGD are analyzed. Then, through detailed reservoir numerical simulations of SFGD, the reasonable deployment modes of injection-production wells are given, and injection-production parameters such as gas-water ratio, and steam injection rate are optimized.

3D physical experiments results show that synergistic flooding and gravity drainage by steam and gas (SFGD) can greatly shoren the production time and redcce the cumulative steam injection compared with SAGP. The ultimate oil recovery rate of SFGD is 59.15%, 6.02% higher than that of SAGP (53.13%). The EOR mechanisms of SFGD mainly includes the synergistic effect of flooding and gravity drainage, increasing the velocity of heat conduction and increasing the sweep efficiency. Numerical simulations results show that the injection wells should be located in the upper middle of the reservoir during the development process of SFGD, so as to achieve maximum ultimate oil recovery and high oil production rate. For LD heavy oil reservoir with a formation depth of 1000 m, a thickness of 25 m and a viscosity of 21500 mPa·s, the vertical distance between the injection well and the production well is about 15 m, and the reasonable gas-water ratio of SFGD is 100-150 in condition of injection temperature of 300°Cand production pressure of 2 MPa, and the optimal steam injection rate is 100-120 m3/d.

Synergistic flooding and gravity drainage by steam and gas (SFGD) is a new and more effective method to develop heavy oil reservoir. The effective combination of displacement and gravity drainage can greatly improve oil production rate and recovery efficiency.
Experimental Evaluation of a Novel and a Conventional LCM Pill using a Total Loss Simulating Test Bed
Authors: Amanullah Md , Rogers Stephen Wayne
Published: January 2020

Lost circulation is one of major drilling challenges encountered while drilling. The industry uses many LCM products, loss control slurries, specially designed LCM blends, engineered LCM pills and squeezes, etc., to prevent or mitigate lost circulation encountered while drilling. However, the success rate of moderate and severe loss zone treatment using conventional LCM products, loss control slurries and pills is not encouraging, especially for severe and total loss control due to the technical limitations of conventional products, pills and slurries. Hence, there is a continuous need for identification and development of novel products, improved composition of loss control slurries, superior LCM pills, high performance LCM blends, effective and representative test methods, etc., for effective sealing and blocking of loss zones for trouble free and economic drilling operations. This paper provides a comparative evaluation of the sealing and blocking efficiency of a novel LCM pill and a conventional LCM pill used by the industry to combat total loss of circulation.

Based on the compositional analyses of the conventional LCM pill used for total loss control, an improved LCM blend was designed by replacing some of the conventional additives by locally developed, better, LCM products to enhance the sealing and blocking efficiency of a poorly consolidated sand bed representing a total loss zone. Typical bentonite mud showed instantaneous loss of all mud within a very short time under 100 psi overbalance pressure and thus indicates that the test beds represented total loss zones. The conventional and the newly engineered LCM pills were tested using the test beds under 100 psi overbalance pressure for comparative evaluation of their sealing and blocking performance.

Experimental data, visual observation and images taken while testing clearly demonstrated superior performance for the newly designed novel pill compared to the traditional LCM pill used in controlling total losses. Fluid level drop, deposited cake thickness, invasion depth and the slurry volume lost under 100 psi overbalance pressure indicate better performance for the newly designed LCM pill in sealing and blocking the 20/40 frac compared to the traditionally used pill. The conventional LCM pill contains predominantly imported LCM products. However, the newly designed LCM pill contains predominantly local products. Hence, the superior performance of the re-engineered LCM pill is directly related to the superior performance of the locally developed LCM products.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Competitive Advantage in the Jordanian Telecommunication Sector
Authors: Kanaan Raed Kareem , Obeidat Ulya Nawaf , Obeidat Bader Yousef , Al-Zu'bi Mohammad Orsan , Abuhashesh Mohammd
Published: January 2020

This paper sought to examine the effect of intellectual capital on competitive advantage in the Jordanian telecommunication sector. Indeed, intellectual capital is generally assumed to be an important aspect of the organization and one of the most conducive to innovative activity and unrestrained competition. The paper finds that the tripod of intellectual capital, namely, human capital, structural capital, and relational capital has a significant influence on achieving a competitive advantage. Among these three dimensions, relational capital is the most influential component in enhancing the competitive advantage. Considering these results, the research presented many recommendations for future research, the most important ones is implementing this study on other sectors, resort to multi-method of data collection, and the use of probability sampling techniques.
The evolution of the doctrine of the infallibility of the Pope in the Catholic beliefs. "An historical contract study"
Authors: Al Awaisheh Ahmed Abd , Al Hussein Hala Ghassan
Published: January 2020

This study examines the history of the development of the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope (Bishop of Rome) in the Catholic Church, from the Middle Ages to its adoption as a dogmatic constitution, to shed light on the impact of the course of historical events on the crystallization of this doctrine and the conceptual structure upon which it was based.
The study concluded that the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope was based on the concept of the Peter theory, and it went through several stages, the most prominent of which was the period of turbulence in the Middle Ages, and criticism in the modern era, and a series of historical events in the nineteenth century contributed to the siege of the papal seat, which prompted Pius The ninth to endorsing the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope to confront these criticisms in the first Vatican Council in 1870 AD, by defining the concept of infallibility in the context of faith education and ethics, and this decision was emphasized in the Second Vatican Council in 1964 AD, but in more detail.
Coronary blockage of artery for Heart diagnosis with DT Artificial Intelligence Algorithm
Authors: Saikumar K  , Rajesh V
Published: January 2020

Coronary blockage of an artery (CBA) is a fundamental problem cause of heart attacks. There are different techniques used to diagnosis this CBA as like other category of heart diseases. In this research, open heart surgery operation and quick diagnosis have been analyzed. This CBA diagnosis & operation requires clear images of heart i.e., CTA pictures. Fast and reliable detections are possible with professional image processing techniques (IMT) with the help of Artificial intelligence algorithms (AIA).  By the help of Decision Tree (DT) based IMT and “AIA” is used to find the region of heart image CBA diagnosis with a concentration of determination. Total work contains two stages; 1st is pre-processing means image processing training 2nd is decision step, in this extraction, and statistical calculations are performed using the DT-AIA model. Implementation has been achieved and progressed by using 4.766% OV, OF by using 6.5%, OT by means of 2.5%, AI with the aid of 0.21% these are very good results.
Heavy metals in livers of raptors from Eastern Poland – the importance of diet composition
Authors: Kitowski Ignacy , Sujak Agnieszka , Wiącek Dariusz , Strobel Wacław , Komosa Andrzej , Stobiński Marcin
Published: January 2020

Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Hg were determined in livers of six species of raptors collected in the area of Eastern Poland. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that elevated Hg and Cr concentrations were directly related to feeding on passerines. Raptors that specialised in seizing small mammals as a source of food revealed higher hepatic concentrations of Pb and Cd in comparison with other raptors. Unlike Cd, we found statistically significant differences in the Pb concentrations in livers of Common buzzards as compared to Sparrowhawks. In spite of the fact that both Goshawks and Sparrowhawks hunt birds, only the latter species had accumulated significantly more mercury. The high concentrations of Hg in Sparrowhawks could be related to the use of mercury in antifungal substances for seed dressing.
Trophic ecology of the seagrass-inhabiting footballer demoiselle Chrysiptera annulata (Peters, 1855); comparison with three other reef-associated damselfishes
Authors: Lepoint Gilles , Michel Loïc N. , Parmentier Eric , Frédérich Bruno
Published: January 2020

Many damselfishes (Pomacentridae) are herbivorous or omnivorous with an important contribution from different kinds of algae in their diet. They display different levels of territoriality and farming behavior, from almost non territorial to monoculture farmers. In addition, a few species inhabit seagrass meadows but, presently, none can be considered as seagrass-eating specialists. The footballer demoiselle, Chrysiptera annulata, is found in the seagrass meadows on the reef flat of the Great Reef of Toliara (Madagascar, Mozambique Channel). In the light of this unusual habitat for a pomacentrid, this study aimed to answer three questions: 1) What is the diet of C. annulata? 2) Do the resources supporting this diet include seagrass? 3) Does its trophic niche overlap those of other sympatric damselfishes (Pomacentrus trilineatus, Chrysiptera unimaculata and Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus) living in close association with macrophytes or eating algae? Stomach content examination and stable isotope analysis showed that the footballer demoiselle is not a seagrass consumer but is an omnivorous/herbivorous species heavily relying on algal resources and small invertebrates. SIAR, a stable isotope mixing model, indicated it assimilated large amounts of turf algae, and various benthic or planktonic invertebrates in lower proportions. SIBER metrics revealed that the isotopic niche of the footballer demoiselle partly overlaps that of its congener, C. unimaculata, but not those of P. trilineatus and P. lacrymatus. Trophic strategies of C. annulata differed both from farming species such as P. lacrymatus and from less territorial herbivores such as P. trilineatus. Its seagrass meadow habitat on the Great Reef of Toliara allows the conquest of an unusual habitat for damselfishes and could limit competition with C. unimaculata, a species displaying the same territorial behavior and the same isotopic niche but living on the reef itself.
新形势下探究建构有活力的初中思想政治课课堂教学模式
Authors: 杜 振国
Published: January 2020

思想政治课程是初中阶段基础教育中的一门非常重要的学科，它对帮助培养学生良好的品质、树立正确的政治方向以及形成正确的人生观、价值观、世界观具有积极的促进作用。但是在现阶段的初中思想政治课程教学中，受传统教学观念的影响，教师的教学观念落后，教法陈旧，这就在一定程度上不利于学生学习积极性的调动和教学效率的提高。对此，本文以习近平总书记在京主持召开的学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会的重要讲话为契机，提出了新形势下构建有活力的初中思想政治课堂，提高课堂教学效率的主要策略。
What Hinders to Promote Tourism in Pakistan? Using Binary Matrices for Structuring the Issue
Authors: Niazi Abdul Aziz Khan , Qazi Tehmina Fiazi , Basit Abdul
Published: January 2020

Aim of the study is to identify what are the barriers in promoting tourism in Pakistan and imposing structure on complex interrelationships among these barriers. It is an exploratory study which uses literature discourse for identification of barriers, binary matrices for structuring issue and cross impact matrix multiplication applied to classification for analyzing driving-dependence power. Discourse of literature revealed that there are sixteen barriers important to address the issue in hand. Communication barrier and unfavorable government policies occupy bottom in the interpretive structural model that are highly important and need utmost attention. Eight barriers fall in dependent, four in independent, three in linkage and none in autonomous quadrant of driving-dependence diagram. The study is useful for policy makers and tourists’ agencies to handle current issues prevailing in tourism industry and promote it accordingly. It is a foremost attempt in Pakistan to structure the issue on the basis of opinion of expert from within stakeholders.
Impact of Financial Signaling and Information Asymmetries of Macroeconomic Covariates on Capital Structure
Authors: Akash Rana Shahid  Imdad , Iqbal Mahmood  , Hamid Kashif
Published: January 2020

Present study investigates the existence of macroeconomic variables effect on capital structure and to evaluate the behavioral aspects of financial signaling and asymmetry of information on the non-financial sector of Pakistan. Extreme bounds analysis an econometric technique is used to analyze the robustness of financial signaling and information asymmetry covariates of macroeconomic factorson capital structure policies and to compute the empirical findings.The resultsconclude that interest rate is significantly influencing the decisions of the managers regarding to the composition of long run financing decisions. Hence it is identified that corporate non-financial sector has lesser signaling effect generated by the macroeconomic forces in financial decisions. However the null hypnosis cannot be rejected as this study identified. This study is meaning full and leads toward the practical version of financing decisions by the corporate sectors with the changing policies of the macroeconomic forces in Pakistan. There must be coherence between the macroeconomic policies and corporate sector policies, therefore information asymmetries may overcome.
Dosis absorbida de Iodo-131 en médula ósea, en un paciente con Cáncer diferenciado de tiroides tratados en el Instituto “Codas Thompson”, Paraguay (2017)
Authors: Santacruz Syala Candy Giannina
Published: January 2020

En el tratamiento de CADiT, es deseable suministrar una cantidad de I-131 que sea eficaz para eliminar el tejido neoplásico y que, a la vez, imparta una dosis segura a la médula ósea. Esta dosis debe ser menor a 200 cGy, límite por encima del cual se puede manifestar riesgo de mielotoxicidad. La Dosimetría Interna es la valoración indirecta de la dosis absorbida en un órgano blanco, generada por la actividad de un radionucleido suministrado con fines diagnósticos o terapéuticos. Favorece la protección radiológica del paciente mediante la estimación de la dosis en medula ósea, y en función de ésta, la máxima actividad a ser administrada en el tratamiento (4). El sistema MIRD (“Medical Internal Radiation Dose”) es la metodología general para la estimación de dosis absorbidas en órganos normales y en cuerpo entero. En Paraguay, la actividad de I-131 suministrada para el tratamiento ablativo, se establece de acuerdo a protocolos fijos, elaborados por asociaciones médicas de endocrinología. Una misma actividad no tiene igual efectividad en todos los pacientes, debido a las variantes de la enfermedad y a las diferencias anatómicas y fisiológicas individuales. La finalidad de este estudio es implementar un protocolo de dosimetría interna, adaptada la fisiología de cada paciente y la cinética del radiofármaco.
Análisis del impacto de la aplicación del impuesto al valor agregado a los créditos en la Cooperativa Universitaria Ltda. entre los años 2015 – 2016
Authors: Muñoz Maldonado Jorge , Cano Villalba Rodney
Published: January 2020

Teniendo en cuenta los datos y sobre todo por su actividad y volumen de movimiento en materia financiera y en base a los registros del INCOOP, Instituto Nacional de Cooperativismo, las cooperativas se clasifican en tres tipos y tienen aproximadamente 1.540.000 socios, que representan cerca del 46% de la Población Económicamente Activa (PEA) del país, y la mayoría de ellos viven en Gran Asunción (casi el 80%), podemos destacar además que a la fecha existen 850 cooperativas activas constituidas por capital paraguayo, destacando la presencia incluyente y dispersa en el territorio del cooperativismo en Paraguay, ello bajo los ojos de la Administración Tributaria y considerando el espectro al cual esta última podría echar mano por sobre la aplicación de tributos, en este caso indirectos, constituye un punto de análisis y la oportunidad de la Administración Tributaria para generar recursos para el fisco y así también considerar los aspectos jurídicos pues es importante también señalar que la Constitución Nacional de la República del Paraguay establece el fomento de las cooperativas y garantiza su libre organización así como su autonomía, como parámetro inicial para el análisis. El trabajo de investigación estuvo basado en el análisis del impacto de la aplicación del impuesto al valor agregado a los créditos en la Cooperativa Universitaria Ltda entre los años 2015 – 2016, enfocado principalmente en las razones por las cuales la Administración Tributaria ha considerado el sector Cooperativo de ahorro y crédito para la aplicación del IVA, en la identificación del impacto del sector cooperativo y las consecuencias en los créditos a los socios en las operaciones crediticias.
Ingesta de suplementos dietarios en estudiantes de la Universidad Iberoamericana
Authors: Chambi Jhonny , Diaz Gabriela , D'Oliveira Kathia , García Humberto , Karajallo Milagros , Legal Marlene , Quintana Oscar , Robledo Milena , Sánchez Kathia , Villalba Andrea
Published: January 2020

Los avances de la ciencia de la nutrición en las últimas décadas revelan la importancia que tiene la alimentación adecuada sobre la promoción de la salud, el bienestar físico, emocional y el rendimiento deportivo. Además del factor genético, la alimentación influye sobre el rendimiento deportivo independientemente del nivel de competición del deportista, ya sea olímpico o recreativo. La nutrición deportiva es una rama especializada aplicada a personas que practican deportes de diversa intensidad.Es importante considerar el uso de suplementos en los deportistas basados en la evidencia de la medicina actual, de manera de obtener beneficios a partir de ellos, y así evitar riesgo de salud y dopaje.Los suplementos dietarios son productos que acompañan la dieta de las personas a través de la incorporación de determinados nutrientes, están destinados a personas sanas, por lo tanto, no deben confundirse con medicamentos, ni tampoco consumirse con la esperanza de curar o tratar alguna dolencia. Por lo que deberá consumirse en determinadas circunstancias, cuando no es posible llevar a cabo esa dieta o debido a un estado fisiológico particular que requiera un aporte extra de algún nutriente en su dieta
Valoración de la salud mental de los estudiantes de enfermería según su percepción. FENOB-UNA. San Lorenzo. 2019
Authors: Cardozo Florentín Marian Ynés
Published: January 2020

La salud mental es un estado de bienestar en el cual el individuo es consciente de  sus propias capacidades, puede afrontar las tensiones normales de la vida, trabajar de forma productiva y ser capaz de contribuir a su comunidad. Se puede afirmar que las funciones mentales están interconectadas con el funcionamiento físico, social y con el estado de salud general. Es decir, la salud mental es el producto de todos los aspectos de la vida cotidiana del individuo. Si la interacción del individuo con su medio es inadecuada, se alteran los patrones de normalidad y, por ende, coloca al hombre en una situación de vulnerabilidad, y que en cualquier momento de su vida puede desembocar en un problema de salud mental. Los estudiantes de enfermería no están exentos de padecer este tipo de problemas, debido a que los mismos están expuestos a niveles de estrés más elevados que la población general.