bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Insights into Nuclear Localization of Proteins Crucial for Chromatin Assembly Metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Dannah Nora Saud
Published: February 2024

Proper chromatin assembly is critical for maintaining genetic integrity, accurate DNA repair as well as gene expression. These processes are fundamental in eukaryotic cells, and studying them in the powerful budding yeast genetic model allows us to uncover novel mechanisms in the regulation of chromatin assembly and dynamics. Chromatin is assembled by replication-independent or replication-coupled pathways, where histone chaperones (HCs) and modifying enzymes (such as HATs) are key factors in regulating these mechanisms. Alterations in these factors have been implicated in cancer and multiple human diseases. Therefore, the goal is to investigate the involvement of histone chaperones and HATs in the regulation of chromatin assembly.

One interesting aspect of my research is the evolutionarily conserved histone H3-H4-specific chaperone Hif1. Hif1, as well as its human homolog NASP, is involved in a wide array of chromatin-related processes, including histone H3-H4 transport, chromatin assembly and DNA repair. This research elucidated several functional aspects of Hif1. I revealed that an acidic region interpreting the second TPR domain of Hif1 is essential for Hif1 physical interactions with Hat2 (HAT-B complex), H4 (Histone H3-H4), as well as Asf1. Moreover, this study was the first to demonstrate that the nuclear localization of Hif1 is regulated by a classical nuclear localization sequence (cNLS) located at its C-terminus.

Another aspect of my research is to investigate the role of putative cNLSs in the complex interplay between Rtt109, Vps75 and Asf1 in H3K56ac in S cerevisiae. In yeast, H3K56ac plays a key role in DNA replication and genome stability. Therefore, I began to investigate the fungus- specific HAT Rtt109 that is required for the Asf1-dependant acetylation of K56 on histone H3.

Here, I showed that the putative cNLS of Rtt109 is indeed a functional cNLS. I further provided evidence that Rtt109 is imported to the nucleus through its cNLS in a redundant manner with Vps75. Furthermore, I identified a cNLS within the acidic C-terminus of Asf1 in S. cerevisiae, which has a critical role in Asf1 nuclear localization. My work demonstrates that this cNLS of Asf1 is also required for full H3K56 acetylation.

Additionally, this research expounds on how the cNLSs of Hif1, Rtt109 and Asf1 can mediate their nuclear import pathway. I specifically showed that Kap123 is partially involved in Rtt109 nuclear localization and import, conversely, Hif1 and Asf1 might use Kap123 as a secondary transporter. Finally, I provide evidence that Kap95 might be one major importin that plays an important role in Hif1, Asf1 and Rtt109 nuclear import pathway. To my knowledge, this study is the first to reveal the presence of functional cNLS motifs within Hif1, Asf1 and Rtt109. This novel finding may provide insights into learning about analogous pathways in human cells.
Exploring Bodipy Dyes in Light-Harvesting, Energy Transfer and Bio-Inspired Probe Designs
Authors: Sritharan Sahana
Published: February 2024

Attempts to mimic Nature and create artificial photosynthetic systems has transformed from an active chemical curiosity to a full-blown research pursuit, owing to our need for sustainable energy generation. To this end, this thesis explores the use of the dye, BODIPY (4-4’-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene). BODIPY dyes have gained considerable attention owing to their highly desirable properties, such as strong absorption, fluorescence quantum yields, good chemical and photo-stability. These desirable physiochemical properties have led to materials that can be used for chemosensors, biological labeling agents, fluorescent switches, laser dyes, and organic sensitizers. For this thesis, a pentamethylBODIPY (2.1a) derivative was further functionalized in order to examine its potential for a myriad of applications.

Energy extraction in terms of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) requires electronically asymmetric molecules as building blocks. In Chapter 2, pentamethylBODIPY (2.1a) was modified using Schiff-base chemistry to create a family of dye building blocks. In this chapter, mono ß-substitution was used to break symmetry in this potential BODIPY building block, thus tuning the electronic and optical properties.
Fluorescence Activation and Enhancement with Photogenerated Radicals, Pre-fluorescent Probes and Silver Nanostructures
Authors: Golian Karol
Published: February 2024

This thesis proposes a boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) fluorophore-based radical sensing system covalently linked to 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO), a paramagnetic nitroxide, known to quench fluorescence non-radiatively through electron exchange. Introduction of a free radical creates a diamagnetic product, resulting in the restoration of fluorescence due to the inhibition of its quenching pathway. This has been successfully applied to the activation of a pre-fluorescent system with the addition of metal enhanced fluorescence via silver nanoparticles. Further research looks at extending the π conjugation of the BODIPY based pre-fluorescent probe to bathochromically shift its spectroscopic properties to enhance its potential in biological monitoring applications.
Metal-Free Selective Reduction of Acid Chlorides to Aldehydes using 1-Hydrosilatrane
Authors: Azam Fawwaz
Published: February 2024

Aldehydes are versatile intermediates in organic chemistry that can be prepared by the selective reduction of readily available or easily prepared carboxylic acid derivatives such as acid chlorides. This transformation is challenging due the reactivity of the aldehyde formed, which under common reduction conditions, is reduced further to the alcohol. Given the utility of aldehydes, a chemoselective method for the preparation of aldehydes from acid chlorides is highly desirable. This work uses 1-hydrosilatrane, an accessible, easy-to-handle reducing agent to selectively reduce acid chlorides to aldehydes. This metal-free method proceeds rapidly at ambient temperature in the presence of an additive N-methylpyrrolidine, producing aldehyde in up to 54% yield with the balance largely remaining as starting material. Over-reduction is not observed. Several experiments are designed to probe at reasons for the incomplete conversion.
The Preparation of New Polystyrenic Onium and Substituted Poly(Thionylphosphazene) Antimicrobials
Authors: Carafa Rachele N.
Published: February 2024

With increasing concern over AMR in bacteria, the synthesis of traditional and non-traditional antimicrobial polymers is of interest. The first project focuses on preparing new polystyrenic quaternary compounds that will be grafted to plastic surfaces. Three quaternary styrenic polymers (4-6) and their respective random copolymers with styrene (7-9) were synthesized and grafted onto HDPE, where biological testing of coatings 4, 5 and 7 using the LDI protocol showed some bacterial reduction with alkyl chain lengths ≥ 4. The second project focuses on synthesizing novel thionylphosphazene monomers and looking into greener polymerization routes. Two novel thionylphosphazene monomers (13-14) were synthesized and a greener polymerization route was obtained using Lewis acid-catalyzed microwave irradiation. The third project involves undertaking DFT calculations of various cyclic thionylphosphazenes to study alternate polymerization routes of these compounds. Energy calculations showed the potential for substituted thionylphosphazenes with small substituents to polymerize under ambient temperatures with Lewis acid catalysts.
OPTIMAL SIZING OF SOLAR-WIND HYBRID MICROGRID USING IMPROVED GREY WOLF OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA - NIGERIA
Authors: Sesan Bankole Samson , Abubakar Isiyaku , Kadandani Nasiru B. , Olalekan Isaac B.
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an improved grey wolf optimization algorithm (IGWOA) for optimal sizing of an isolated photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and battery energy storage (BES) hybrid microgrid. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, atmospheric data sets comprising of wind, solar, and temperature of Kaduna International Airport were collected from Nigerian Meteorological Agency while the load demand data was collected from Kaduna International Airport Electricity Distribution Center. The microgrid optimal sizing was formulated as a constrained single objective optimization problem. Constraints including, loss of power supply probability (LPSP), power balance, generation limits and battery state of charge (SOC) were imposed. Three simulation scenarios were considered. Firstly, the target allowable maximum LPSP was fixed at 25% and the algorithm was able to determine the optimal sizing of the hybrid microgrid components and minimize the initial cost from 169,880.00 USD to 112,356.40 USD per annum resulting in 34% savings in cost. Secondly, the effect of the target allowable maximum LPSP variation was investigated, and it was found that the total installed capacity of the system decreases with increase in LPSP thereby decreasing the total cost. Additionally, a novel electricity price index (EPI) was introduced in order to quantify the degree of optimality of the solution. The EPI was found to increase exponentially with increase in LPSP, resulting in an EPI of < 0.05USD/kWh at 20% LPSP. Lastly, to validate the proposed approach, a comparative analysis between the IGWOA and other algorithms was carried out, and the proposed IGWOA proved applicable.
PENINGKATAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF MELALUI BOOKLET BREASTFEEDING SELF -EFFICACY
Authors: Hartati Suryani , Silitonga Junita
Published: February 2024

Exclusive breastfeeding can be given successfully if the mother has self-confidence or Breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) and  increase if the mother is given health education using media in the form of booklets. The aim of the study was to determine whether there was an increase in exclusive breastfeeding through a breastfeeding self-efficacy booklet given from prenatal to postnatal. The method used is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design. This design uses the instrument Breastfeeding self-efficacy scale short form (BSES-SF ) pre and post test in the sample group, as a measure of mothers' beliefs in BSES-SF consisting of 14 statement points which are responded to with a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5 Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale (BSES) developed by Dennis & Faux (1996). The time of the study started in October 2021 and was repeated in January 2022. The results of this study found that there was a significant increase in knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding, an average of 60.97. Result pvalue: 0.000 (pvalue <0.05). Suggestions for nurses can convince mothers to be able to provide exclusive breastfeeding through health education  the use  media booklet Brestfeeding self-efficacy (BSE).
 
Keyword : Brestfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), ASI eksklusif, Booklet 
 
 
ABSTRAK
 
Pemberian ASI Eksklusif dapat berhasil diberikan jika ibu memiliki  keyakinan diri /  Brestfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) dan  meningkat  bila ibu diberikan pendidikan kesehatan dengan menggunakan media berupa booklet. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan pemberian ASI eksklusif melalui booklet breasfeeding  self-efficacy yang diberikan sejak  prenatal sampai dengan post natal.  Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimen. Desain ini menggunakan instrumen Breastfeeding self- efficacy scale short form (BSES-SF )pre dan post test pada kelompok sampel, sebagai alat  ukur keyakinan ibu dalam  BSES-SF terdiri dari 14 poin pernyataan yang direspon dengan skala likert rentang 1 sampai 5 Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy Scale (BSES) yang dikembangkan oleh Dennis & Faux (1996). Waktu penelitian dimulai  dari bulan  Oktober 2021 dan diulang pada Januari 2022. Hasil penelitian ini  ditemukan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif rerata sebesar 60,97. Hasil pvalue : 0,000 (pvalue<0,05).Kesimpulan  perawat   dapat menyakini ibu untuk dapat  memberikan   ASI eksklusif melalui pendidikan kesehatan dengan menggunakan media  booklet Brestfeeding self-efficacy (BSE).
 
Kata kunci :  Brestfeeding self-efficacy (BSE), ASI eksklusif, Booklet
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN KOMPREHENSIF PADA NY. “N” DENGAN KETIDAKNYAMANAN NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH MELALUI VIDEO SENAM HAMIL DI KLINIK “A” KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Amelia Rizki , Yuliana Yuliana , MUjiwati Sri
Published: February 2024

Abstrak: Salah satu tindakan yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi ketidaknyamanan ibu hamil adalah dengan memberikan asuhan kebidanan secara lengkap (Continuity of Care). Salah satunya menangani masalah yang sering dialami ibu hamil yaitu nyeri punggung karena terjadinya pembesaran uterus, janin dan kurangnya olahraga. Di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 dari 4.290.235 diperoleh 2.574.141 ibu hamil (60%) mengalami nyeri punggung dan di Klinik “A” terdapat 128 ibu hamil trimester III dimana 78 ibu hamil 61% mengalami sakit punggung bawah. Jika dibiarkan dapat mengakibatkan ibu kesulitan dalam baraktifitas, selain itu tubuh yang sakit dapat menyebabkan ibu cemas akan kehamilannya. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan melakukan pengkajian sampai memberikan asuhan selama 4 bulan mulai dari asuhan kehamilan, persalinan, nifas, BBL dan KB. Subjek penelitian pada Ny. “N” yang mengalami ketidaknyamanan trimester III, dengan pemberian asuhan yaitu video senam hamil yang dapat ibu lakukan di rumah 2 minggu sekali  dengan durasi waktu 10-20 menit Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah senam ibu hamil  trimester III dapat memberikan kenyamanan karena adanya gerakan relaksasi otot sehingga rasa sakitnya berkurang. Simpulan: Penerapan senam hamil pada ibu yang mengalami sakit punggung bagian bawah dapat berkurangan dengan beberapa kali melakukan senam hamil
Managing hypertension in rural Gambia and Kenya: Protocol for a qualitative study exploring the experiences of patients, health care workers, and decision-makers
Authors: Diallo Brahima A. , Hassan Syreen , Kagwanja Nancy , Oyando Robinson , Badjie Jainaba , Mumba Noni , Prentice Andrew M. , Perel Pablo , Etyang Anthony , Nolte Ellen , Tsofa Benjamin ,   IHCoR-Africa Collaborators
Published: February 2024

Background Hypertension is the single leading risk factor for premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Prevalence is high, but awareness, treatment, and control are low. Community-centred interventions show promise for effective hypertension management, but embedding sustainably such interventions requires a good understanding of the wider context within which they are being introduced. This study aims to conduct a systematic health system assessment exploring the micro (patients/carers), meso (health care workers and facilities), and macro (broader system) contexts in rural Gambia and Kenya. Methods This study will utilise various qualitative approaches. We will conduct focus group discussions with hypertensive patients to map a ‘typical’ patient journey through health systems. We will conduct in-depth interviews with patients, health care workers, and decision-makers to explore their experiences of managing hypertension and assess the capacity and readiness of the health systems to strengthen hypertension management in rural Gambia and Kenya. We will also review national guidelines and policy documents to map the organisation of services and guidance on hypertension diagnosis and control. Thematic analysis approach will be used to analyse data, guided by the cumulative complexity model, and theories of organisational readiness and dissemination of innovations. Expected findings This study will describe the current context for the diagnosis and management of hypertension from the perspective of those involved in seeking (patients), delivering (health care workers) and overseeing (decision-makers) health services in rural Gambia and Kenya. It will juxtapose what should be happening according to health system guidance and what is happening in practice. It will outline the various barriers to and facilitators of hypertension control, as perceived by patients, providers, and decision-makers, and the conditions that would need to be in place for effective and sustainable implementation of a community-centred intervention to improve the diagnosis and management of hypertension in rural settings.
Ethological and pathophysiolocal justification of the calcium gluconate usage for the treatment of calves with bronchopneumonia
Authors: Yemelyanenko A. , Poroshynska O. , Shmayun S. , Kozii N. , Shaganenko R. , Stovbetska L. , Chub O. , Shaganenko V. , Kozii V.
Published: February 2024

A prominent feature of the pathogenesis of bronchopneumonia in calves is the development of an inflammatory reaction that negatively affects the structure (consolidation) and function of lung tissue. Due to the spread of the inflammatory reaction, structural and functional changes can become irreversible. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of calcium gluconate and the nonsteroidal anti–inflammatory drug ketoprofen in the treatment of calves with bronchopneumonia. The research was conducted on the basis of a dairy farm with an average annual yield of 8,500 kg of milk per cow and a scientific laboratory of the Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology of Animals of Bilotserkivsky Bila Tserkva National University. Sick animals aged 3–4.5 months were divided into two groups, control (16 heads) and experimental (12 heads). All sick calves were prescribed antibiotic therapy using the preparation Clamoxan (BioTestLab). Calves of the control group were additionally prescribed the non–steroidal anti–inflammatory drug Kefen (Merial, France), and calcium gluconate (UkrZooVet–organisation ) was prescribed to the calves of the experimental group. The course of bronchopneumonia in calves is characterized by the development of characteristic clinical signs (depressed general condition, tachypnea, tachycardia, cough, secretion of mucus from the nasal passages), minor leukocytosis (13.38±0.46) and signs of dehydration, which is evidenced by relatively high indicators of hematocrit (45.47±2.18%) and total protein (61.14±2.22 g/l). The dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators were similar in sick calves of both groups. The pathogenetic effect and anti–inflammatory activity are equally effective in both studied drugs: caffeine and calcium gluconate. In calves with bronchopneumonia, a 3–10–fold delay in the conditioned feeding reflex was established. The normalization of clinical and laboratory indicators was accompanied by the restoration of the duration of the implementation of the conditioned feeding reflex, which allows recommending the use of the studied ethological indicators for monitoring the course of bronchopneumonia in calves. We consider the study of the effectiveness of calcium gluconate preparations in other inflammatory pathologies in animals and the extension of indications to the use of ethological indicators to monitor the course of diseases in domestic animals to be a promising direction for further research.
Key words: calves, bronchopneumonia, treatment, calcium gluconate, behavior.
Influence of humic acids on of cows milk productivity and indicators of milk quality and safety
Authors: Yakubchak O. , Kravchenko I. , Tyshkivska N. , Tyshkivsky M. , Dzhmil V.
Published: February 2024

The study was conducted to determine the effect of humic acids added to the diet of lactating cows on their milk productivity and physicochemical parameters of milk. The study was conducted on 14 Holstein cows of German breeding, which were fed 20 g/100 kg of live weight per day of an organic feed mixture containing 40.5% humic acids and 22% fulvic acids to their basic diet for 30 days. Milk samples were taken twice, before the use of the organic feed mixture and after 30 days of use. An increase in milk productivity by 5.8% was observed in 86% of lactating cows, the mass fraction of fat in milk increased A slight increase in milk fat content (p<0.1) is associated with an increase in this indicator in the milk of 72% of experimental cows from 0.2 to 0.92%. In the milk of the rest of the cows, the fat content of the milk did not change, but the average index for the group increased by 0.38%. The mass fraction of proteins after 30 days of using the organic feed mixture, an increase in the mass fraction of proteins in the milk of cows was noted on average for the group by 0.2% (р<0.05), with an average indicator for the group of 3.5±0.06% (3 ,12–4.2%). In the milk of 80% of the examined cows, the mass fraction of proteins increased from 0.12 to 0.9%, in 20% of the cows the mass fraction of protein in milk did not change, but the values corresponded to the basic norm (3.0%). An increase in average daily milk yield from 36.73±0.6 kg (35.43–38.9) at the beginning of the study against 38.85±0.19 kg (37.3–39.9; p<0.01) at the end of the experiment, which is 2.12 kg more and indicates a positive effect of humic acids on milk productivity of cows. The number of somatic cells in the milk of cows after a 30-day use of an organic feed mixture based on humic acids did not change and amounted to 104.78±19.09 thousand/cm3 (20.0–218.0), against 104.47±23, 5 thousand/cm3 (11.0–246.0) at the beginning of the study. In the milk of 28.5% of cows, at the end of the study, a slight decrease in the number of somatic cells was noted from 35 to 55 thousand/cm3, in the milk of 21.4% of cows, the number of somatic cells increased slightly from 19 to 74 thousand/cm3, which corresponds to the physiological norm . Milk urea nitrogen is used to assess the energy-protein balance in feed; a reduced value at the end of the study ranged from 7.1 to 18.5 mg/100 ml, indicating a crude protein deficiency in the diet.
Key words: humic acids, number of somatic cells, mass fraction of fat, mass fraction of proteins, lactose, milk urea nitrogen, milk productivity.
Dịch vụ ngân hàng phi truyền thống và sức khỏe tài chính cá nhân – bằng chứng thực nghiệm tại Việt Nam
Authors: Lê Trần Hà Trang , Khúc Thế Anh , Nguyễn Đức Dương , Phương Kim Quốc Cường , Lê Diệu Linh
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu này đánh giá các yếu tố có ảnh hưởng tới sức khỏe tài chính thông qua việc sử dụng các dịch vụ ngân hàng phi truyền thống. Phương pháp nghiên cứu cắt ngang và phương pháp phân tích mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính (PLS-SEM) được chúng tôi áp dụng để phân tích 1.261 quan sát. Các phát hiện của nghiên cứu gồm: (1) Việc sử dụng Fintech có thể cải thiện sức khỏe tài chính của những người có kiến thức tài chính; (2) Dân trí tài chính giúp tăng sự tự tin vào khả năng tài chính cá nhân, sức khỏe tài chính và hành vi sử dụng Fintech của những người được giáo dục tài chính; (3) Sự tự tin vào khả năng tài chính cá nhân không thể làm gia tăng Hành vi sử dụng Fintech của hai nhóm đối tượng trên. Từ đó, chúng tôi đưa ra một số gợi ý cho các doanh nghiệp phát triển Fintech tại Việt Nam.
Saamische Schatzsagen
Authors: Bartens Hans-Hermann
Published: February 2024

This article deals with the Sámi treasure legends, which are part of the corresponding Nordic tradition. The corpus of the present study consists of approximately one hundred written sources, both published and unpublished, collected at different times, as well as about the same amount of taped interviews. The latter mostly date from the late 1960s and were collected as part of the Talvadas project, archived at the University of Turku. A great part of the material deals with the more theoretical conditions of how to lay hands on the treasure buried in the ground. Narratives about concrete efforts to dig up the silver, often old coins or other valuables the person burying them in the ground wanted to secure, are in the minority.

The place where a treasure has been buried may reveal itself by optical or even acoustical signs, above all by a light. This light is visible especially on Midsummer Eve. For different reasons, success in the endeavour to dig up a treasure is very rare: Challenges were constituted by facing the frightening apparitions, breaking the silence during digging up a buried treasure, forgetting to give an offering, etc. One prerequisite for success mentioned is to throw a knife or some other metal object over the fire, which is one of the bonds with the earth spirits. Especially in more recent sources, they are mentioned as owners of buried treasures. The legends also cite other guardians.
POSSIBILITIES OF DIAGNOSING THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' COMPUTATIONAL THINKING AND THE INFLUENCE OF ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS ON THEIR RESULTS
Authors: BRYNDOVÁ LUCIE , BÁRTEK KVĚTOSLAV , KLEMENT MILAN
Published: February 2024

The testing of students' computational thinking and the development of standardized tools for this testing is one of the most debated issues in the practical integration of computational thinking development. Thus, for more than a decade, there have been initiatives aimed at identifying the algorithmic, programming, and information thinking skills of primary and secondary school students. The research, the progress, and results of which are the subject of the communication of this paper, has been our contribution to the development of testing tools that would allow for the widespread testing of the level of students' computational thinking, and that are not focused on the use of a specific programming language. As part of it, we were also able to identify a possible link between alternative methods of teaching mathematics, such as the Hejny method, and the deeper development of computational thinking in primary school pupils.
Change of Vegetative Indicators Due to the Influence of Emotional Tension of the Examination Process in 21-year-old Students With Choleric Type
Authors: Rustamova T. , Alshanli U. , Heydarli L.
Published: February 2024

One of the factors causing stress in society is exam stress. Taking exams is stressful and quite exciting in itself. However, under the influence of excitement, the student cannot show his little knowledge. From this point of view, the study of psychological and physiological development of students is also of special importance. The study is dedicated to the change of vegetative indicators due to the influence of the exam process depending on the temperament of the nervous system in students of the 5th year of choleric type. In this regard, the main goal of the study was to reveal the age characteristics of changes in vegetative indicators depending on the type of temperament as a result of the effect of emotional stress during the examination. In order to study the effect of the exam process on emotional stress, students were divided into three groups: The first group was students studying on regular school days 2 months before the exam, the second group was 30 minutes before the exam process, and the third group was the group after the exam and 30 minutes after the exam process. First of all, the physiological indicators of different states of excitement of the temperament type and the process of excitement were studied in the experiment. In order to comprehensively evaluate the effect of emotional stress, we measured the main hemodynamic parameters, arterial pressure and number of heart beats per minute. It was determined that, depending on the type of temperament, vegetative indicators before the exam process (heart pressure, systolic and diastolic pressure) of young people on an ordinary day, before and after the exam, are different. However, after the exam, these indicators do not fully return to the norm. The tone of the sympathetic nervous system prevails during the examination process in all age groups.
Venous Thrombosis and Thromboembolism of Pulmonary Artery in Plastic Surgery: Risk Factors, Course Options and Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Murkamilov I. , Ymankulov D. , Raimzhanov Z. , Yusupova Z. , Yusupova T. , Yusupov F.
Published: February 2024

A detailed analysis of the literature was carried out and an analysis of our own clinical case of managing a patient with thrombosis of the veins of the lower extremities and thromboembolism of the pulmonary arteries, which developed after the procedure of abdominoplasty and liposuction, is presented. There are limited descriptions of thromboembolic events and their treatment after abdominoplasty and/or liposuction in the literature. The article summarizes modern mechanisms of development and variants of the course of venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and pulmonary fat embolism in plastic surgery, as well as approaches to the management of such patients, with special attention paid to the interdisciplinary approach.
Features of Extubation in Obesity Patients
Authors: Chyngyshova Zh. , Rayimbekov Zh. , Tilekov E. , Bigishiev M. , Nazarbekov D.
Published: February 2024

Muscle relaxants are often given during general anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation. However, lingering effects after the end of anesthesia can lead to respiratory failure in the intensive care unit. Strategies to reduce these adverse events include monitoring for neuromuscular blockade, the use of short-acting drugs, and active pharmacological withdrawal before extubation.
Technology for Purifying Emissions Into the Atmosphere From a Sulfur Production Plant
Authors: Mikhailin S. , Chirkova Yu. , Sagdeeva G.
Published: February 2024

At this article presents the current local environmental standards for emissions of the sulfur production plant at the TANECO PJSC enterprise. The existing methods of neutralization and disposal of waste and emissions are analyzed. Other options for neutralization and disposal of waste and emissions are given as possible methods according to information and technical reference books on the best available oil refining technologies.
Technology for Producing Composite Nano-structured Material Based on Natural Resources of the KR
Authors: Khasanova G. , Talipbek-kyzy A. , Kasymov K. , Tolokov K. , Tagaev M.
Published: February 2024

The history of development and current state of the coal sector of Kyrgyzstan is considered. The possibilities of obtaining carbon nanomaterials from carbons, such as carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, sphere particles, graphene, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots and carbon dots, are analyzed. The optimal moisture content and density of low-dimensional carbon powder were determined. A special mold was used to produce a composite from carbon powders.
Technology for Producing Composite Solid Fuel From Coals of Kyzyl-Bulak and Kozho-Kelen Deposits and Heated Bitumen
Authors: Sabirov B. , Tashpolotov Y.
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of the production of composite solid fuels (CSF) from compositions of coal from the Kyzyl-Bulak and Kozho-Kelen deposits and a bitumen binder. The possibilities of producing CSF from a mixture of bitumen and preheated coals have been studied. To determine the dependence of the quality of the resulting CSF on the grinding size, the above coal was crushed into three fractions: a fraction with a particle size of 0-1mm, a fraction with particles of 0-3 mm and a fraction of 0-5 mm. These 3 fractions of coal were subjected to sieve analysis and the granulometric composition was determined, then each fraction individually was subjected to briquetting on a hydraulic press, in a mold with a diameter of 40 mm. Based on the task, pressing took place at 3 parameters, namely: at a pressure of 10 MPa, 15 MPa and 20 MPa. The use of different pressures made it possible to trace the dependence of the quality of the resulting CSF on the pressing pressure and determine the optimal pressure parameter. Briquetting was also carried out at different concentrations of the charge and the mechanical properties of the CSF were determined at a binder concentration of 6, 8, 10%. It has been established that the use of a bitumen-like product (bitumen) as a binding material, obtained as a result of thermal dissolution of coal with oil waste at a temperature of 320-380°C, produces mechanically strong briquettes that have compression resistance up to 106 kg/cm2 and bending resistance up to 7.5 kg/cm2. It has been shown that the mechanical strength of briquettes increases with increasing degree of coal grinding, and also an increase in pressing pressure increases the mechanical strength of briquettes. As the moisture level of coal increases, the mechanical strength of the briquette decreases. The optimal parameters for producing CHP have been established: coal size 0-3 mm: humidity 6.5%, pressing pressure 200 kg/cm2.
Trends in the Development of Small Business Enterprises in the Field of Motor Transport in Uzbekistan
Authors: Abdullaev A. , Raimova D. , Utkirov F.
Published: February 2024

This article analyzes trends in the development of small businesses in the field of road transport in subsequent years, benefits provided by the state to small businesses and private entrepreneurship and their results.
Problems and Prospects of Investing Green Economy in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Abdrasulova S. , Abdrasulova Zh.
Published: February 2024

This article discusses some of the problems and prospects for investing in a green economy in Kyrgyzstan. Research objectives:to reveal the relevance of green investment in the economy, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of green financing. Materials and methods of research:a SWOT analysis of the green economy in Kyrgyzstan is being carried out. Research results: implementation of economic assessment in the implementation of green investment areas and development of proposals for improving the green economy. Conclusions: in the coming years, Kyrgyzstan will face global, regional and local natural challenges. There are ambitious tasks for the comprehensive environmental modernization of the national economy to achieve green growth. The desire of Kyrgyzstan to develop a green economy is actively supported by the international community represented by international organizations and foundations.
Digitalization of Legal Education: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Maltseva S. , Geranin V.
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the current state of affairs, identifies the difficulties and opportunities associated with digitalization, and focuses on changes in the legal profession due to rapid progress in technology. The author points to significant transformations in teaching methods since the late 1990s and the acceleration of these changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the main characteristics of digitalization, such as extensive access to information, constant availability of educational resources and flexible learning schedules. Within the framework of the Russian education sector, the positive and negative sides of this process are considered, paying attention to the need to adapt curricula to new digital realities and prepare a new generation of lawyers ready to work in the digital economy. -
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Authors: Turdubaeva Zh. , Arykbaev I.
Published: February 2024

The article examines current trends and prospects for the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in educational processes. The authors analyze various aspects of the use of AI, such as individualized learning, automated assessment of knowledge, the creation of intelligent educational platforms and personalized educational plans. The article also analyzes the ethical and social issues associated with the use of artificial intelligence in education and offers recommendations for the development of effective strategies for integrating technology into educational systems. Overall, the article seeks to shed light on the role of artificial intelligence in modern education and its potential in improving the quality of learning and developing educational practices.
Methods for Studying the Kyrgyz Language as a Foreign Language Using Interactive Methods
Authors: Mamyrbaeva N.
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the question of how to intensify cognitive activity to develop new approaches to the education and upbringing of the younger generation, and the introduction of new state standards. As a result, the student must be a critical thinker rather than a passive listener. Interactive teaching methods will help with this. Interest in active and interactive methods is due to the need to improve the modern didactic system. Active and interactive teaching methods introduce a parity relationship between teacher and students into the pedagogical process. This question has become something new for teachers of Kyrgyz as a foreign language.
U.S. public opinion about the safety of gene editing in the agriculture and medical fields and the amount of evidence needed to improve opinions
Authors: McFadden Brandon R. , Rumble Joy N. , Stofer Kathryn A. , Folta Kevin M.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Implementation of gene editing in agriculture and medicine hinges on public acceptance. The objectives of this study were to explore U.S. public opinion about gene editing in agricultural and medical fields and to provide more insight into the relationship between opinions about the safety of gene editing and the potential impact of evidence to improve opinions about safety.

Methods: Data were from two samples of U.S. respondents: 1,442 respondents in 2021 and 3,125 respondents in 2022. Survey respondents provided their opinions about the safety of gene editing in the agricultural and medical fields and answered questions about the number of studies or length of time without a negative outcome to improve opinions about the safety of gene editing in the agricultural and medical fields.

Results: Results indicated that respondents in both samples were more familiar, more likely to have an opinion about safety, and more positive about the safety of gene editing in the agricultural field than in the medical field. Also, familiarity was more closely associated with opinions about safety than the strength of opinions.

Discussion: These findings add to the literature examining perceptions of gene editing in the agricultural or medical fields separately. Opinions about the safety of gene editing were generally more favorable for respondents who were aware of the use of gene editing. These results support a proactive approach for effective communication strategies to inform the public about the use of gene editing in the agricultural and medical fields.
Miniature bioinspired artificial compound eyes: microfabrication technologies, photodetection and applications
Authors: Jing Xian , Li Shitao , Zhu Rongxin , Ning Xiaochen , Lin Jieqiong
Published: February 2024

As an outstanding visual system for insects and crustaceans to cope with the challenges of survival, compound eye has many unique advantages, such as wide field of view, rapid response, infinite depth of field, low aberration and fast motion capture. However, the complex composition of their optical systems also presents significant challenges for manufacturing. With the continuous development of advanced materials, complex 3D manufacturing technologies and flexible electronic detectors, various ingenious and sophisticated compound eye imaging systems have been developed. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the microfabrication technologies, photoelectric detection and functional applications of miniature artificial compound eyes. Firstly, a brief introduction to the types and structural composition of compound eyes in the natural world is provided. Secondly, the 3D forming manufacturing techniques for miniature compound eyes are discussed. Subsequently, some photodetection technologies for miniature curved compound eye imaging are introduced. Lastly, with reference to the existing prototypes of functional applications for miniature compound eyes, the future development of compound eyes is prospected.
Data depth and core-based trend detection on blockchain transaction networks
Authors: Zhu Jason , Khan Arijit , Akcora Cuneyt Gurcan
Published: February 2024

Blockchains are significantly easingtrade finance, with billions of dollars worth of assets being transacted daily. However, analyzing these networks remains challenging due to the sheer volume and complexity of the data. We introduce a method named InnerCore that detects market manipulators within blockchain-based networks and offers a sentiment indicator for these networks. This is achieved through data depth-based core decomposition and centered motif discovery, ensuring scalability. InnerCore is a computationally efficient, unsupervised approach suitable for analyzing large temporal graphs. We demonstrate its effectiveness by analyzing and detecting three recent real-world incidents from our datasets: the catastrophic collapse of LunaTerra, the Proof-of-Stake switch of Ethereum, and the temporary peg loss of USDC–while also verifying our results against external ground truth. Our experiments show that InnerCore can match the qualified analysis accurately without human involvement, automating blockchain analysis in a scalable manner, while being more effective and efficient than baselines and state-of-the-art attributed change detection approach in dynamic graphs.
Targeting NF-κB signaling cascades of glioblastoma by a natural benzophenone, garcinol, via in vitro and molecular docking approaches
Authors: Rizvi Syed Mohd Danish , Almazni Ibrahim A. , Moawadh Mamdoh S. , Alharbi Zeyad M. , Helmi Nawal , Alqahtani Leena S. , Hussain Talib , Alafnan Ahmed , Moin Afrasim , Elkhalifa AbdElmoneim O. , Awadelkareem Amir Mahgoub , Khalid Mohammad , Tiwari Rohit Kumar
Published: February 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is regarded as the most aggressive form of brain tumor delineated by high cellular heterogeneity; it is resistant to conventional therapeutic regimens. In this study, the anti-cancer potential of garcinol, a naturally derived benzophenone, was assessed against GBM. During the analysis, we observed a reduction in the viability of rat glioblastoma C6 cells at a concentration of 30 µM of the extract (p < 0.001). Exposure to garcinol also induced nuclear fragmentation and condensation, as evidenced by DAPI-stained photomicrographs of C6 cells. The dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential in a dose-dependent fashion was linked to the activation of caspases. Furthermore, it was observed that garcinol mediated the inhibition of NF-κB (p < 0.001) and decreased the expression of genes associated with cell survival (Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, and survivin) and proliferation (cyclin D1). Moreover, garcinol showed interaction with NF-κB through some important amino acid residues, such as Pro275, Trp258, Glu225, and Gly259 during molecular docking analysis. Comparative analysis with positive control (temozolomide) was also performed. We found that garcinol induced apoptotic cell death via inhibiting NF-κB activity in C6 cells, thus implicating it as a plausible therapeutic agent for GBM.
A case report of Pseudomonas citronellolis and Escherichia coli isolated from acute suppurative appendicitis: reveals the potential intestinal colonization and pathogenicity of Pseudomonas citronellolis
Authors: Lin Yugui , Li Yanfen , Lin Chunxiu
Published: February 2024

Human infections caused by Pseudomonas citronellolis, an environmental bacterium, are infrequent, with only two cases related to uncommon urinary tract infections and bacteremia reported in recent years. All these cases typically occurred in elderly patients with compromised or decreased immune function. Simultaneously, the epithelial barrier disruption induced by invasive biopsy procedures or gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroenteritis provided a pathway for Pseudomonas citronellolis to infiltrate the organism. In this study, we present the first report of a case where Pseudomonas citronellolis and Escherichia coli were isolated from the inflamed appendix of a patient without underlying conditions. Compared to the Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas citronellolis has never been isolated in patients with appendicitis. We identified the species using MALDI-TOF MS and genetic sequencing. Based on our findings, we highlight the perspective that Pseudomonas citronellolis can colonize the intestines of healthy individuals and may trigger infections like appendicitis.
Untargeted metabolomics unveiled the role of butanoate metabolism in the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa hypoxic biofilm
Authors: Abdelhamid Ahmed G. , Yousef Ahmed E.
Published: February 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile opportunistic pathogen which causes a variety of acute and chronic human infections, some of which are associated with the biofilm phenotype of the pathogen. We hypothesize that defining the intracellular metabolome of biofilm cells, compared to that of planktonic cells, will elucidate the metabolic pathways and biomarkers indicative of biofilm inception. Disc-shaped stainless-steel coupons (12.7 mm diameter) were employed as a surface for static biofilm establishment. Each disc was immersed in a well, of a 24-well microtiter plate, containing a 1-mL Lysogeny broth (LB) suspension of P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, a strain known for its biofilm prolificacy. This setup underwent oxygen-depleted incubation at 37°C for 24 hours to yield hypoxic biofilms and the co-existing static planktonic cells. In parallel, another planktonic phenotype of ATCC 9027 was produced in LB under shaking (200 rpm) incubation at 37°C for 24 hours. Planktonic and biofilm cells were harvested, and the intracellular metabolites were subjected to global untargeted metabolomic analysis using LC-MS technology, where small metabolites (below 1.5 kDa) were selected. Data analysis showed the presence of 324 metabolites that differed (p < 0.05) in abundance between planktonic and biofilm cells, whereas 70 metabolites did not vary between these phenotypes (p > 0.05). Correlation, principal components, and partial least square discriminant analyses proved that the biofilm metabolome is distinctly clustered away from that of the two planktonic phenotypes. Based on the functional enrichment analysis, arginine and proline metabolism were enriched in planktonic cells, but butanoate metabolism was enriched in biofilm cells. Key differential metabolites within the butanoate pathway included acetoacetate, 2,3-butandiol, diacetyl, and acetoin, which were highly upregulated in the biofilm compared to the planktonic cells. Exogenous supplementation of acetoin (2 mM), a critical metabolite in butanoate metabolism, augmented biofilm mass, increased the structural integrity and thickness of the biofilm, and maintained the intracellular redox potential by balancing NADH/NAD+ ratio. In conclusion, P. aeruginosa hypoxic biofilm has a specialized metabolic landscape, and butanoate pathway is a metabolic preference and possibly required for promoting planktonic cells to the biofilm state. The butanoate pathway metabolites, particularly acetoin, could serve as markers for biofilm development.