bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The genre of the Russian Federation’s President’s address to its citizens during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the mirror of a conceptual metaphor
Authors:   Saratov State University, Balashova Lyubov’ V.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the linguistic and cognitive analysis of the most regular and conceptually significant metaphors used in the genre of the address of the President of Russia when characterizing the epidemiological and socio-economic situation in the country during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that it is this form of communication and this method of meaning production which allows the head of state to express his position accurately and emotionally, and in this way to influence the addressee (citizens of the Russian Federation, its individual representatives) during the acute global crisis associated with the pandemic. The aim of the article is to identify the regular models of metaphorization and their cognitive functions used in the genre of V. V. Putin’s address when characterizing the situation in the country and the world from March to July 2020. The research is based on 48 transcripts of appeals, meetings, conversations of the head of the Russian Federation, published from 03/25/20 to 07/06/20 on the official Kremlin website. As a result of the complex methodology of semantic, discursive, linguocognitive analysis of texts, it is established that the President of the Russian Federation prefers linguistic, systemically organized transfers, focusing on the informative component of his speech. The voluntative function is performed mainly due to a clear and understandable cognitive matrix of specific metaphorization models, the core of which is the understanding of the epidemic as an animated phenomenon aiming to destroy humanity. The task for all active forces of the society is to counteract the aggressor. The semantic means used to express this concept are military and militarily oriented spatial, anthropomorphic transfers. In parallel, V. V. Putin consistently uses the model of purposeful activity as a movement in the chosen direction: the country must develop, overcoming all obstacles on the way, including the pandemic.
Verbalizing the symbol: Blazoning in the national heraldry of the post-soviet republics
Authors:   Kuban State Technological University, Vorkachev Sergey G.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the linguistic embodiment of national symbols. On the basis of lexicography, the author determines the semantic structure of the national idea and describes its implementation in the heraldic symbols of the countries of the former USSR. The semantics of the state contains the following semantic blocks: power, territory, population (people) and the country as a whole. It is established that the main symbols of power amid artifacts are the crown, sword, scepter, orb and trident, and amid the images of fauna – images of a lion, an eagle and a griffin. The territory is symbolized through the image of the administrative and historical division of the country, images of typical representatives of its flora and fauna. Most frequently, on the coats of arms one can see images of the economically most important or most typical representatives of the country’s flora, followed by landscape elements, and only after them the images of the animal world. The symbols associated with the people inhabiting the country of the certain coat of arms include images of specifically national artifacts, objects of material culture. A significant part of the images of the national heraldry symbolizes the concepts and ideals common to the country of the coat of arms as a whole: mythological and folklore images, confessional and astronomical symbols, history and other symbols. National anthems and national heraldry coincide in the history and geography of the country, while the latter is practically lacunary in relation to the emotional and evaluative side of patriotism.
Depression, Anxiety, Perceived Stress and Family Support in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Hosseini Largani Mahdieh , Gorgani Fatemeh , Abbaszadeh Mahsa , Arbabi Mohammad , Karimpour Reyhan Sahar , Allameh Seyyed Farshad , Shahmansouri Nazila , Parsa Samaneh
Published: June 2022

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Iran in February 2020 and then quickly spread to many cities. Different factors contribute to the numerous psychological problems of this pandemic in patients, healthcare workers and the community. This study investigated the prevalence of perceived stress, anxiety and depression in COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March and April 2020 and revealed associations of these factors with social support received from family.
Method: In this cross-sectional study, patients with COVID-19 admitted between 21st of March and 22nd of April 2020 were evaluated by three questionnaires: Anxiety and depression were evaluated using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), stress levels were evaluated using the four-item perceived stress scale (PSS-4) and family support was evaluated using the perceived social support scale-family (PSS-Fa). In addition to obtaining prevalence of the noted psychological disorders and their relationship with demographic details, relationship of stress, anxiety and depression with family support was also investigated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Participants comprised 100 COVID-19 patients (38 females and 62 males). Findings suggested high levels of perceived stress in 26% of the participants, anxiety symptoms existed in 29% and borderline conditions existed in 17%. Moreover, depressive and its borderline symptoms were respectively observed in 17% and 23%. Family support was found to negatively and significantly correlated with anxiety (Pearson correlation = -0.249, P < 0.05) and depression. (Pearson correlation = -0.221, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of anxiety and depression in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, it is recommended to further focus on non-clinical interventions, such as providing psychological first aids, boosting psychological resilience, and enabling greater family support, in efforts to prevent transformation of these psychological symptoms into long-term psychological disorders.
Mental Health Outcomes and Sleep Status among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Nahidi Mahsa , Mokhber Naghmeh , Sinichi Farideh , Hatefipour Zahra , Zohorian Sadr Parvin , Emadzadeh Maryam , Rezaei Ardani Amir
Published: June 2022

Objective: The immediate impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on mental health of affected patients and psychiatric morbidities of these patients has been neglected by researchers. We assessed mental health outcomes and sleep status among inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19 who were initially referred to our COVID-19 clinic in Mashhad, Iran during April-October 2020.
Method: In this ethically approved cross-sectional study, 130 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were referred to outpatient clinics and wards of a referral hospital in Mashhad, Iran were surveyed during April-October 2020. Demographic data were collected after obtaining informed written consent. Validated Persian versions of insomnia severity index (ISI), 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), and 7-item generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) and revised impact of event scale (IES-R) were used as main outcome measures (i.e. status of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and event-related distress). Analysis was performed with SPSS using binary logistic regression. P-values < 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: Overall, 65 inpatients and 65 outpatients were surveyed. The two groups did not significantly defer in terms of insomnia and depression severity, but the outpatients showed higher levels of anxiety (52.3% vs. 24.6%, P = 0.005) and distress compared to inpatients (80.0% vs. 64.6%, P < 0.001). Male sex (OR = 0.017, 95%CI = 0.000-0.708, P = 0.032) exhibited independent and inverse association with depression in COVID-19 patients. Being married (OR = 0.102, 95% CI = 0.018-0.567, P = 0.009) was independently and inversely associated with anxiety. Insomnia was independently associated with event-related distress (OR = 7.286, 95%CI = 2.017-26.321, P = 0.002). Only depression was independently associated with insomnia (OR = 49.655, 95%CI = 2.870-859.127, P = 0.007).
Conclusion: We found symptoms of psychological distress and anxiety to be more prevalent among outpatients with COVD-19 than inpatients. Insomnia can be a potential risk factor for adverse mental health outcomes in these patients.
Emotional Schemas and Psychological Distress: Mediating Role of Resilience and Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Mohammadkhani Shahram , Foroutan Armita , Akbari Mehdi , Shahbahrami Maede
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study aimed to explore the structural relation of emotional schemas with psychological distress and evaluate the mediating role of resilience and cognitive flexibility in this relationship.
Method: Participants were 300 students that voluntarily completed a questionnaire package that included the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS-P), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). Then, we utilized the LISREL software for structural equation modeling.
Results: Structural equation modeling and path analysis revealed the direct effects of adaptive and maladaptive emotional schemas on psychological distress. The results indicated that maladaptive emotional schemas indirectly affected psychological distress via resilience and cognitive flexibility (P < 0.01). In contrast, adaptive emotional schemas indirectly affected psychological distress via cognitive flexibility rather than resilience (P < 0.05). Evaluation of the proposed structural model revealed an acceptable fit.
Conclusion: The present research findings show the effect of emotional schemas on psychological distress via resilience and cognitive flexibility. Furthermore, the results suggest that resilience partially mediates the relationship between emotional schemas and psychological distress. At the same time, cognitive flexibility mediated this relationship.
Premedication Propofol Dose to Prevent Emergency Delirium
Authors: Shafa Amir , Rajabi Fatemeh , Golkar Kimia , Habibzadeh Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2022

Objective: One of the most common complications in general anesthesia is the Emergence delirium (ED). Many agents have been studied for prevention of ED, among which propofol has been successfully used. However, there is no information about the optimal dosage of this agent considering the ultimate outcome and the adverse effects; therefore, aimed to assess in this study.
Method: 70 children undergoing general anesthesia using propofol, fentanyl, and atracurium were assessed. Participants were allocated randomly to treatment with either propofol 1 mg/kg (n = 35) or 0.5 mg/kg (n = 35) by the end of the anesthesia. The Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Scale, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale, and the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS) were assessed by 10-minute intervals. Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay and adverse effects were registered and compared as well.
Results: Duration of PACU stay (P < 0.001), PAED (P = 0.001), and UMSS (P = 0.003) were remarkably lower among low-dose propofol-treated children in the assessment at the 30th minute, while there were no significant differences in FLACC scores between the groups (P > 0.05). Apnea was found in a patient (2.85%) treated with high-dose propofol and decreased oxygen saturation was demonstrated in 5 (14.28%) and 2 (5.71%) participants in high- versus low-dose propofol. None of the patients experienced postoperative nausea and vomiting.
Conclusion: Based on the current study, propofol 0.5 mg/kg by the end of anesthesia could efficiently prevent ED incidence and reduce time of PACU stay and adverse effects compared to a high dose of 1 mg/kg.
Rate and Causes of Suicide in Ilam: A Report of the Suicide Registry
Authors: Sayehmiri Kourosh , Ashraf Mozafari Ali , Valizadeh Reza , Yadeghari Norollah , Rostamkhani Marzieh , Khorshidi Ali , Aivazi Ali-Ashraf , Deldar Maryam
Published: June 2022

Objective: Suicide is one of the most important health problems in the world. Financial, academic, social, and environmental difficulties along with genetic, physical, and mental disorders affect suicide attempts. This study aimed to find risk factors for completed suicide in Ilam province according to the suicide registry in Ilam province.
Method: This was a prospective study and was performed based on suicide case registration data, pre-determined checklist data, and death registration data in Ilam province from March 2019 to September 2020. Logistic regression models and the Chi-square test were used to determine the relationship between completed suicide and its risk factors.
Results: Among 1,410 attempted suicides, 66 (4.7 %) were executed. Rate of completed suicides was higher in men (6.5%) compared to women (4.5%), (p = 0.005), age groups over 65 years (P < 0.001), retirees and farmers (P = 0.009), illiterate people (P < 0.001), villagers (P = 0.02), people motivated due to physical problems (P = 0.016), suicide by physical methods (P < 0.001) and self-immolation (P < 0.001). Logistic regression showed that incidence of completed suicide was significantly higher in the age group over 65 years, illiterate people, people using physical methods, villagers, and men. Multivariate logistic regression also showed that men and individuals using physical methods of suicide were significantly more successful in suicide.
Conclusion: Men, the elderly, illiterates, villagers, and people who used physical suicide methods were in high-risk groups. Despite lower prevalence of suicide, a higher rate of completed suicide was demonstrated. To decrease completed suicide rates, we must pay attention to these groups.
Self-Compassion: The Factor that Explains a Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Emotional Self-Regulation in Psychological Well-Being of Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Masoumi Samin , Amiri Mohsen , Yousefi Afrashteh Majid
Published: June 2022

Objective: Perceived social support (PSS) and emotional self-regulation have customarily been related to greater psychological well-being, but the pathways via which perceived social support and emotional self-regulation increase psychological well-being have not been revealed. We investigated how much self-compassion mediated the association between perceived social support and emotional self-regulation in psychological well-being of breast cancer sufferers.
Method: A cross-sectional study design was used. Participants were recruited from three oncology departments in Zanjan, Iran. Data was collected from breast cancer patients (n = 300). Participants completed self-report measures, the short Ryff scale Psychological Well-being (RSPWB), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess association among the study variables and multivariable regression analysis was used to assess linear relationships among predictor variables (emotional self-regulation, perceived social support and self-compassion) and criterion variable (psychological well-being). Bootstrapping analyses were used to test the significance on indirect effects.
Results: Bootstrapping analyses revealed significant indirect effects of perceived social support (β = 0.055, SE = 0.45, P = 0.049, 0.95 CI: LL = 0.0092, UL = 0.1345) and emotional self-regulation (β = 0.079, SE = 0.079, P = 0.004, 0.95 CI: LL = -0.0331, UL = -0.1358) on psychological well-being through self-compassion.
Conclusion: These findings present new evidence that self-compassion may be a target for psychological interventions attempted at enhancing psychological well-being in cancer populations, particularly breast cancer survivors.
Biological and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
Authors: Dadgar Hooshang , Majidi Hamid , Aghaei Setareh
Published: June 2022

Objective: Changes in cortical excitability and neuroplasticity are important parts of the neuropathology and pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Noninvasive brain stimulation is a high-potential therapeutic approach to modify cortical activities. One of the most popular of these techniques is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, the biological and neurobiological effects of tDCS should be better clarified to enable its optimal use in clinical and therapeutic practices. In this paper, we summarize the neurophysiological and physiological effects and mechanisms of action of tDCS.
Method: An update literature review was conducted on the biological responses of tDCS reported in human, in vitro and in vivo studies, with a focus on cellular cascades related to neuroplasticity, neuronal reorganization and inflammation caused by applied direct current electric fields.
Results: The regulatory mechanisms of tDCS on motor and cognitive functions can be described by membrane polarization and transmembrane potential with a main subsequent effect on neurotransmission systems, neuronal excitability, synaptic microenvironment and neuronal connectivity to neuronal reorganization and neurogenesis in association with synaptic plasticity as well as inflammatory processes. In general, the effects of tDCS may include acute- or after-effects and direct or indirect effects and can be examined at different levels including the neurochemical, the neuroelectrical and the brain oscillatory levels.
Conclusion: A deep understanding of the molecular and cellular responses to tDCS is very important and crucial. This therapeutic technique can be utilized in various clinical trials with a perspective of being routinely suggested and presented to patients with different pathological conditions influencing the central or peripheral nervous system.
Rumoromania, Suggestion of a New Term
Authors: Naji Borzooyeh
Published: June 2022

The article abstract is not available.
The Study of the Effect of Occupational Stress on Resilience: Mediating Role of Occupational Engagement (A Case Study: Nurses of Al-zahra Hospital in Isfahan)
Authors: Sabookro Mehdi , Sheyda Ali , Porhosein Mahshid
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Considering the high mental pressures on nurses at work, identifying the effective resilience factors is deemed necessary. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the mediating role of occupational engagement in the relationship between occupational stress and resilience among the nurses of Al-zahra Hospital of Isfahan.
Methods: The present study was a descriptive survey-correlational study. The population of this study included 1700 nurses from Al-zahra hospital in Isfahan city. Based on Cochran’s formula and by convenience sampling method, 200 people (60 men and 140 women) were chosen. Occupational stress questionnaires of HSE, resilience, and occupational engagement were performed on the sample. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software using structural equation modeling.
Results: The results showed that occupational stress had a negative and significant effect (P <0.001) on the vibration with the mediating role of occupational engagement. Also, occupational stress had a negative and significant (P <0.001) negative effect on occupation and there was a significant and positive effect (P <0.001) on resilience.
Conclusion:  The results indicate that occupational stress affects the resilience, but if the nurses are engaged in their jobs, this effect will reduce and the construct of engagement will act as a mediating variable.
The Effectiveness of Integrated Monotheistic Therapy on the Mental Health of Mothers of Children with Special Needs (Physical Illnesses) during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shayegh Mohammad Ali , Sajjadi FaridehSadat , Dashtabadi Masomeh , Yavari Fatemeh
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Parents’ challenges in care of the children with special health care needs expose them to a high risk of developing psychological symptoms, such as increased anxiety and worry. This study aimed to investigate the effect of integrated monotheistic therapy (MIT) on the mental health of mothers of children with special needs (physical illnesses) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: From this statistical population, using convenience sampling method, 60 mothers with severely physically ill children were selected who after testing as a pre-test and 30 people were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.  A mental health questionnaire was used. Then, the treatment sessions were held in 8 sessions of 120 minutes by observing the health protocol for the subjects in the experimental group. Then, the data were collected and analyzed by SPSS statistical software using analysis of covariance.
Results: The results show that after controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test scores of mental health was significant (p <0.001, F = 3.31). In other words, there was a significant difference between the subjects of the experimental and control groups in the mean scores of mental health in the post-test stage.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that MIT treatment has an effect on the mental health of mothers of children with special needs (physical illnesses) during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as special conditions where stress and inflammation are on this sensitive and vulnerable group.
The Effect of Real Estate Registration Documents on the Mental Health of Society
Authors: Karimi Ali , Karimi Abas
Published: June 2022

Undoubtedly, the mental health of the society is effective in the progress and development of the country and an important part of this mental health is due to the trust and confidence of economic activists in their investment. Considering that the realm of important investments is land and immovable property, and if the ownership of these lands is built on a shaky foundation, the whole property and economy system will be insecure. In this study, considering the data collected through library study and collection of documents, it was proved that the developments in the field of judiciary and legislation in recent decades have contributed to this insecurity and posed a serious threat to the mental health of economic actors. In order to compensate for this situation and restore this mental health, it was proposed in the process provided by the Law on Registration of Documents  and Property to establish the right of ownership, through the amendment of the law, the validity of two important and basic ownership documents should be restored, including the ownership certificate and the ownership document. The best method of the legislator's intervention was to amend and complete Article 22 of the Law on Registration of Documents  and Property.
Evaluating the Causal Relationship in Treatment-Induced Injuries
Authors: Karimzadeh Shurok Mohammad Hossein , Haji Dehabadi Ahmad , Barzegar Abdolreza
Published: June 2022

Mistakes in the treatment of patients are an inseparable part of medical field.  However, diagnosing whether there is a causal effect between the physicians fault and the injury received by the patient is the complexity of cases related to medical offense.  Islamic Penal Code 1392 has made basic changes not only by creating treatment liability and replacing physician fault theory instead of pure liability of the physician theory, but it also , concerning that the relation between causation and citation should hold distance from materialistic and philosophical controversies and thus heading a new approach by believing that the science of Law is formed on the basis of customary relations, has tried to use custom and the degree of reprehensibility of the criminal act  and distance itself from philosophical controversies and bring the rule of causation closer to justice and fairness.  The legislator of 1392 has made fundamental developments in this field such as accepting relative liability, the possibility of simultaneously invoking the crime to the director and the cause and the element of intention in relation to causation and accepting the omission of an act as the cause of a crime. In this study, with focus on the causal relation in the treatment liability and by investigating  whether an issues such as the underlying disease, the physician's fault and also some omissions by the physician can be the causes of crime or not? We will evaluate these changes and the probable defects in this law.
The Evaluation of Relationship Between Monocyte/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) and COVID-19
Authors: COŞKUN Belgin , AYHAN Müge , SARICAOĞLU Elif Mukime , GÜNER Rahmet , AKINCI Esragül , BUZGAN Turan , KAYAASLAN Bircan , AYPAK Adalet , TEZER TEKÇE Ayşe Yasemin , HASANOĞLU İmran , KAYA KALEM Ayşe , ESER Fatma , AYBAR BİLİR Yeşim , ÖZDEMİR Burcu
Published: June 2022

Objective: Early diagnosis is important for severe diseases in COVID-19. Monocyte/high dansity lipoprotein ratio (MHR) is a new prognostic marker indicating inflammation. We aimed to investigate the relationship between MHR and diseases severity in COVID-19.

Materials and Methods: Patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19, were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory data on the first day of hospitalization were obtained from medical records of hospital. The clinical data of 301 patients were included in study. Cases were diagnosed on the basis of interim guidance of World Health Organization (WHO). Patients were classified into two groups as non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19. MHR were calculated with laboratory data on the first day of hospitalization. The relationship between MHR level and COVID-19 severity was evaluated. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using SPSS 25 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) package program. Statistical significance level was accepted as p
The Effects of Different Cytokinin Types and Their Concentration on in Vitro Growth of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Shoots
Authors: Šiško Metka , Ternjak Tina , Grobelnik-Mlakar Silva
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different cytokinin types [(6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ) and meta-topolin (mT)] and their concentration on in vitro growth of apricot shoots. Sufficiently developed shoots were transferred to different multiplication media, which differed regarding the presence of cytokinin and its concentration. The subcultivation period lasted nine weeks. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to investigate the influence of plant growth regulators and their concentration on the final shoot weight of obtained tissue per regenerating explant. The results showed that all three cytokinins had a positive effect on shoot growth. There was a significant difference between used concentrations in the case of TDZ and BAP, while in the case of mT, the concentration did not significantly affect shoots’ regeneration. In our study, the most significant increase in shoots weight was obtained on medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP.
Cost-benefit Analysis of an Apple Orchard in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Jalić Nemanja , Pažek Karmen , Vaško Željko
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the economic impact of an investment in an apple orchard in the Republic of Srpska, using the cost-benefit analysis method. All investment costs, annual production costs, production volumes and annual revenues were collected through an unstructured survey of the leading fruit production company in the Republic of Srpska "Agroimpex Nova" and based on similar studies from the region on this topic. Investments in fixed assets, materials, services, salaries, loans and depreciation costs were structured and calculated for a period of 15 years. In addition, all quantities produced and other revenues were totaled. Payback period, net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) were calculated as the main economic indicators for this production. The total expenditure of the project is €2,836,316 and the net income for 15 years of the project is €5,054,705, so the net cash flow is €2,218,389. The net present value for the assumed discount rate of 6% is €927,691. The net present value per hectare is €46,385. The undiscounted payback period is 7.973 years. At a discount rate of 6%, the payback period is 9.313 years. The internal rate of return is 16.13%. The calculated results suggest that the investment in an apple orchard in the Republic of Srpska is economically feasible and represents an opportunity for future investment in agricultural production.
What Factors Explain Postharvest Losses of Orange Fruit (Citrus sinensis) from Farm to Fork in the Tropics?
Authors: Obayelu Oluwakemi Adeola , Dairo David Olusegun , Olowe Olukemi Olumuyiwa
Published: June 2022

Demand for citrus fruit has increased over the years in Nigeria. However, post-harvest loss of tropical fruits is high in developing nations owing to poor handling and storage facilities along the supply chain. The study therefore assessed levels and correlates of postharvest losses of fresh oranges along the orange supply chain. Primary data collected from marketers and producers of orange were analysed using descriptive statistics and ordered logit. Orange farming was dominated by male (68.4%) while orange marketing was dominated by females. Most of the producers (63.16%) and wholesalers (65.38%) experienced postharvest loss of 6-10%, while 46.79% of the retailers experience a postharvest loss of less than 5%. Being a male farmer that harvested oranges in the afternoon increased the likelihood of postharvest losses among the farmers while having a large household size reduced it. However, education, smallholding marketing and use of storage facilities reduced the likelihood of postharvest loss among orange marketers. Postharvest training for farmers and marketers on fruit harvesting and storage methods will help to minimise postharvest loss from producers to retailers.
Examining Effectiveness of Rapid Automatized Naming and Reading Skills in Identifying Gifted Students
Authors: Kağan Keskin Hasan , Karadağ Özay , Serdar Köksal Mustafa
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN) and reading skills in distinguishing gifted students from their non-gifted peers. A total of 260 third grade students participated in the study. Of these students, 144 were gifted, while the others were not. As the data collection tools, personal information form, reading text, and the RAN test were used. The RAN test scores (time for naming shapes, colors, numbers, and letters), reading speed, and rate of accuracy in reading were the main variables of the research. In the research, correlational research was used as the method, logistic regression and MANOVA were used for the data analysis. The results of the study showed that all predictive variables (reading rate, reading accuracy, time for naming shapes and time for naming numbers) are significant predictors of giftedness, except for variables related to time for naming letters and colors, and that there was a statistically significant difference between gifted and non-gifted students in terms of the RAN scores regarding all sub-tests and reading variables. According to the research findings, it can be suggested that evidence on time for naming numbers and shapes, reading rate, and accuracy skills can be used as additional supporting components in distinguising gifted students from their non-gifted peers.
A Pilot Study on the Effectiveness of Kindergarten Games to Enhance Mathematical Skills
Authors: Desoete Annemie , Praet Magda
Published: June 2022

Adaptive serious mathematical games in kindergarten were used to investigate whether kindergarteners could grasp mathematics topics. A pretest–posttest-follow up design with two conditions. (Condition 1 educational kindergarten games on the computer, focusing on counting and comparison, Condition 2 educational kindergarten games on the computer, focusing on memory, counting and comparison) and one active control group (playing educational kindergarten games without mathematical content) was set up dealing with 45 preschoolers with a mean age of 68.78 months (SD = 4.46). Children were matched in kindergarten on their early mathematical and language skills as well as on their intelligence before the interventions took place. The study revealed that playing mathematical games in kindergarten had the potential to enhance the early mathematical skills. Children with initial weak mathematical skills in kindergarten caught up with their average performing peers, pointing to the importance of serious numerical games as “opportunities” in kindergarten. Both boys and girls benefitted, with a sustained effect in grade 1, revealing promising potential effects of offering opportunities to focus on mathematics even in very young children.
Improving the Management System of Transport Hubs
Authors: Gorbunova Marina , Novichihin Alexey
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To increase the efficiency of multimodal passenger transportation based on improving the management system of transport hubs in agglomerations. Methods: An analytical review of regulatory documents, federal laws and theoretical provisions, an analysis of passenger traffic and passenger turnover in Russia, a synergetic and logistic approach was applied. Results: The concept of improving transport hubs and a set of measures to ensure such hubs has been developed, a new synergetic-logistic approach in the management of transport hub has been proposed, the elements of interaction of transport hubs to meet passenger demand are established, the theoretical bases and conceptual structure of the methodological approach are presented. Practical significance: The proposed synergetic and logistic approach will increase the interest of passengers in rail transportation, the efficiency of the functioning of transport hubs, the development of multimodal passenger transportation, optimization and redistribution of passenger traffic.
Comparative Causality Analysis for Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Hungary and Indonesia
Authors: Gunarsih Tri , Setiyono  , Sayekti Fran , Novak Tamas
Published: June 2022

This study compares Corporate Governance (CG) between Hungary and Indonesia and analyzes the causality between CG and financial performance in both countries. CG proxy is the ownership structure. In the monitoring function, CG will improve the company's performance. The company's performance, on the other hand, can affect the ownership structure as one of the markets for corporate control in the CG mechanism. The causality test will inform whether the monitoring or market for corporate control is implemented as a CG mechanism. This study uses the Granger causality test to analyze the bi-causality between CG and financial performance. The sample consists of companies listed on the Budapest Stock Exchange (BSX) and the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The results showed that only two pairs of bi-causality relationships (out of six pairs) occurred in the BSE sample companies, and there were three pairs of bi-causality relationships (out of nine pairs) in the IDX sample companies. This research contributes to the relationship between ownership and firm performance based on agency problems from the perspective of the monitoring function and the market for firm control.
The Composition and Visual Transformation of Huxiang Cultural Factor
Authors: Zhang Yong
Published: June 2022

There is a complementary relationship between Huxiang cultural resources and design. The effective combination of the two can better show the visual transformation effect and cultural connotation of the design. At the same time, it can enhance the value and connotation of the design object, so as to realize the development and protection of culture. Therefore, the visual transformation, integration and development of Huxiang culture have a broader prospect, which is worth further study. This paper analyzes the composition of Huxiang culture factors, and carries out the transformation of modern visual design. It also elaborates the identification and extraction, design and transformation of Huxiang cultural factors, hoping to provide positive exploration and thinking for the protection and inheritance of our traditional culture.
Patient Care for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Wei Pi-Ching , Lin Man-Ling , Hung Wen-Huei , Lin Yu-Wen , Chiu Hsiao-Hui
Published: June 2022

Idiopathic scoliosis is commonly found in adolescents of 10 to 17 years of age, patients are required to undergo various types of treatment based on different angles in scoliosis. With the summarized literature and expert opinions, this article describes the treatment and nursing care for various degrees of scoliosis.
Ray, A. (Ed.). (2021). Empowering Midwives and Obstetric Nurses. London: IntechOpen
Authors: Kizito Omona
Published: June 2022

In order to equip practitioner midwives and nurses, I find ‘Empowering Midwives and Obstetric Nurses’ a book to be treasured. This is more especially when it comes to supporting learning and preparing readers for the challenges faced in contemporary healthcare. This book with 192pages and twelve chapters is a treasure.
Special Issue on Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning
Authors: Yamashita Osamu , Suzuki Shigekazu , Doi Tomoharu
Published: June 2022

The decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, the plant affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, will continue for a long time to come, but few young people are willing to take on the challenge because they tend to have the impression that decommissioning work is a post-accident cleanup. However, decommissioning is the most important issue for Fukushima and is of global importance.

Therefore, the National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College (Fukushima KOSEN), which is located closest to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, established a council of cooperation and started the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning in cooperation with other National Institute of Technologies (KOSEN) to increase the awareness and interest in decommissioning among the young.

The robot contest, themed on issues related to the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, has been held annually since 2016 for students of KOSEN across Japan, and the 7th Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning is scheduled to be held in December 2022.

Although the ideas and robots developed by KOSEN students from all over Japan to solve the problems involved in the decommissioning will not directly contribute to future decommissioning work, the ideas and technologies learned can be used in other fields, and the participating students are expected to be active in a wide range of fields as well.

This special issue contains review papers of the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning, development reports, and research papers on the robots developed. A total of eight papers are included: two review papers, two research papers, and four development reports on decommissioning robots designed by students.

At the same time, we hope that young people in Japan and abroad will also become interested in the robots introduced in this special issue, and that the decommissioning work of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant will proceed safely and securely by combining the wisdom of the whole world.
Robots Climbing Up and Down a Steep Stairs and Robots Retrieving Objects from High Places
Authors: Igo Naoki , Yamaguchi Shota , Kimura Noriyuki , Ueda Kazuma , Iseya Kenji , Kobayashi Kazuma , Tomura Toyoaki , Mitsui Satoshi , Satake Toshifumi ,   National Institute of Technology, Asahikawa College 2-2-1-6 Shunkodai, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 071-8142, Japan,   Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan,   University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
Published: June 2022

We designed and fabricated robots with various mechanisms to solve the problems set in the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning. Robots with various mechanisms were designed and manufactured to solve the problems set by the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning. More specifically, a mechanism that can climb up the stairs robustly was realized by attaching claws to the crawlers to solve the problem of climbing up a steep staircase while carrying a heavy load. For the task of retrieving simulated fuel debris from a high location, we developed a mechanism to raise and lower the robot and a mechanism to retrieve simulated fuel debris without fail. Consequently, we realized the idea of robot technology required for decommissioning work and training human resources involved in decommissioning work.
Activities of the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning at National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tsuruoka College
Authors: Kim Jeyeon , Sato Hikaru , Enta Akihiro , Sato Daisuke , Kimura Hideto , Sato Masato ,   Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8511, Japan,   Advanced Engineering Course, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8511, Japan,   Technical Support Center, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8511, Japan
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning is to raise students’ interest in decommissioning through robotics, contribute to the cultivation of students’ creativity, and develop not only their problem-solving ability but also their problem-finding ability. The contest assumes fuel debris removal from the lower part of the pedestal at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. This paper describes the activities of our college in the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning and the robot design to overcome the challenges of the 4th and 5th contests. Whereas the 4th contest was held on site, the 5th contest was held online. To evaluate the robot that we have developed, we prepared a mock-up of the contest field at our school and conducted a demonstration. In the 4th contest, our team was the only one among the participating teams to complete the task and won the award from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). In the 5th contest, we won the award from the Governor of Fukushima prefecture. The educational effects of the Creative Robot Contest for Decommissioning were great. The students who participated in the contest became more interested in decommissioning and were able to develop problem-solving skills, the ability to study independently, schedule management, and so on.
Development of Robot Simulating Fuel Debris Retrieval
Authors: Suzuki Shigekazu ,   National Institute of Technology, Fukushima College 30 Nagao, Kamiarakawa, Taira, Iwaki, Fukushima 970-8034, Japan, Toba Hiroha , Takeda Takumi , Togashi Yuta , Akao Takahiro
Published: June 2022

A creative robot contest for decommissioning was held as part of human resources development for decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station of Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. In the 5th creative robot contest for decommissioning, robots were developed for fuel-debris retrieval from the lower part of the pedestal. Fukushima KOSEN developed a robot consisting of a primary robot that moves to an access port on the platform while a secondary robot is stored inside the main body. The robot collects fuel debris by lowering the secondary robot 3.2 m downward. Fukushima KOSEN also developed a graphical user interface (GUI) to visually express the motion of the robot.
Design and Manufacture of a New Debris Retrieval Robot
Authors: Kobayashi Yohei ,   National Institute of Technology, Maizuru College 234 Shiroya, Maizuru, Kyoto 625-8511, Japan, Kayawake Ryotaro , Sagane Keito , Murai Kazuaki , Utsumi Yasuo
Published: June 2022

This is a report on the No.2 debris retrieval robot that has been developed. While unit 1 was a machine built to demonstrate basic ideas, such as the arm mechanism, the robot that was designed and manufactured this time was developed with an emphasis on its structure and the functions that can be used at the decommissioning site. Only the ideas of a crawler that can run through a thin pipe and a telescopic arm mechanism to access debris were carried over from unit 1; all other parts for debris retrieval robot No.2 were redesigned. The crawler was made from metal with significantly increased rigidity to improve the running performance of the robot. In addition, to improve maneuverability, an omnidirectional camera unit was installed. As the view of this camera is not limited to the direction of travel of the robot, it makes it possible for the operator to have a better grasp of situations that the robot may encounter. The debris collection mechanism was changed to a more reliable mechanism that is not affected by the shape of the debris. The arm expansion and contraction mechanisms were also changed to a more reliable structure.
Development of Multi-Articulated Tracked Vehicle with a Sensorless Salvaging Bucket for Decommissioning
Authors: Hirasawa Junji ,   National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki 312-0011, Japan, Isobe Shun , Kuramochi Yusuke , Nishino Mitsuhiro , Nihei Yoshihisa
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we describe a prototypical crawler vehicle developed for “Hairo Sozo Robocon,” i.e., the 4th creative robot contest for decommissioning conducted in 2019. The rules of this robot contest required a high turning ability on a flat floor and high mobility through the inner space of a pipe. In addition, the robot needed to salvage objects from a floor placed 3.2 meters underneath itself. We developed a multi-articulated tracked vehicle to provide high mobility in both contexts. The vehicle was equipped with a sensorless salvaging bucket inspired by a traditional sampler sounding weight.
Electric Field Strength Simulation Using 2D-Environment Map Generated by Tele-Operated Mobile Robot
Authors: Kim SungHee ,   Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Kogakuin University 1-24-2 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-8677, Japan, Hada Yasushi , Kanayama Koji
Published: June 2022

In this study, we demonstrate the avoidance of the “lost robot” situation when wireless communication is interrupted. In our proposed method, the mobile robot measures the unknown environmental shape using a laser range finder. The sensor data and additional information (thickness and material characteristics) of the real environment are combined into the line segment map. We found that the electric field strength can be simulated using the line segment map. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of our proposed method.