bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age related morphometric changes of the glenoid labrum
Authors: ALASHKHAM Abduelmenem , ALRADDADI Abdulrahman , SOAMES Roger
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Although the glenoid labrum is linked to glenohumeral joint stability, its anatomy remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the shape, consistency of the glenoid labrum, and whether these and its thickness and depth are age related. Methods: A total of 140 shoulders were dissected to expose the glenoid labrum. the shape and consistency of the glenoid labrum were assessed at a gross level. Measurements were taken of the labrum depth and thickness, using callipers, in the superior, anterior, inferior and posterior regions. ANOVA and chi-square tests were conducted to determine statistical significance, which was set at p<0.05. Results: The consistency of the superior half of the labrum was rubbery in 97.9% of specimens and firm in the remaining 2.1%, whereas the entire inferior half was firm. There was a significant difference (p=0.043) in the consistency of the superior half between males and females. The superior half was triangular in 95.7% of specimens, flat in 2.1% and flat to triangular in 2.1%, whereas the shape of the inferior half was rounded in 99.3% of specimens and flat in 0.7%. The labrum was observed to be thicker in younger individuals, with the differences being significant superiorly (p=0.011), anteriorly (p=0.050), inferiorly (p=0.001) and posteriorly (p=0.047). It was also observed to be deeper in younger individuals, but only significantly so superiorly (p=0.044). Conclusion: Labrum thickness and depth significantly decreased with increasing age, suggesting that these observations could be age-related.
Angular measurements of the mandible in adults with temporomandibular joint disorders: a CBCT study
Authors: SERTEL MEYVACI Seda , GÖLLER BULUT Duygu , ÖZTÜRK Ayşe Tuğçe , ANKARALI Handan
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a degenerative musculoskeletal disease of unknown etiology, associated with morphological and functional deformities. The present study aimed to evaluate the angular parameters of the mandible in TMD patients with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to compare with healthy controls. Methods: A total of 107 patients (54 in the TMD group and 53 in the control group) were included in the study. Ten angular measurements including right and left sides and 4 different length measurements were evaluated on CBCT images of both groups to eliminate individual differences. The differences between the two groups were examined using the significance test or Mann-Whitney U test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used for a detailed examination of the relationship between parameters. Results: The upper face width was significantly higher in the TMD group (p=0.004). After correcting for the upper face width value, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of the right b angle values (p=0.001). The other differences were not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The decrease in the right b angle in the TMD group can be interpreted as a result of the mechanical effect of masticatory muscle hyperactivity on the angular properties of the mandible in these patients
Variations of the circumflex humeral arteries: a cadaveric study
Authors: ELAJNAF Mohamed , ALASHKHAM Abduelmenem
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Surgery is the main treatment option of both anatomical and surgical neck humeral fractures, which could result in damage to the circumflex humeral vessels. Current research studies have found that vascular supply to the shoulder is variable. However, the incidence of these variations and how they can affect the blood supply to the shoulder region is still under investigation. The aim of this study is to identify possible variation patterns of the circumflex humeral vessels. Methods: A total of 10 shoulders (3 males, 2 females; average age of 68.8 years) were dissected in Anatomy, University of Edinburgh, under the regulation of the Human Tissue (Scotland) Act 2006. Each shoulder was dissected, and tissues were removed to identify the axillary artery and its branches. Results: The anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries were observed to arise as single branches from the 3rd part of the axillary artery in 70% (n=7) and 80% (n=8), respectively. In one cadaver, the posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) arose from the subscapular artery in one side (10%, n=1) and from the profunda brachii artery on the contralateral side (10%, n=1). In the remaining 10% (n=1), the anterior circumflex humeral artery (ACHA) was found as a branch from the PCHA, with the latter being a direct branch from the 3rd part of the axillary artery. Conclusion: Knowledge and awareness of these variations is essential to not only suspect, diagnose and treat possible complications of common fractures and dislocations in the region, but also to prevent iatrogenic injury.
Investigation of the femoral inclination and Alsberg angles according to age and gender in adults
Authors: SERTEL MEYVACI Seda , KAYA Yasin Emre
Published: June 2021

Objectives: The objective of our study was to examine the changes in the inclination and Alsberg angles of the femur in terms of age and gender. Methods: The present study was conducted on X-Ray images of 208 healthy individuals (103 males and 105 females) admitted to Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics. Both genders were separated into 3 different age groups. Statistical analyses were made to determine the difference between the gender and age groups. Results: The mean inclination angle of the femur was 132.88±7.08º on the right-side and 130.27±7.81º on the left. The mean Alsberg angle of the femur was 42.07±7.04º on the right-side and 41.43±7.03º on the left. The inclination angle was significantly higher in males than females on both sides and was significantly lower in 41–60 age group. The Alsberg angle was also significantly higher in males than females in 21–40 age group. Conclusion: The Alsberg angle is positively related with inclination angle, and subject to change by age. Knowing how IA and AA will be affected by age and gender and knowing the relation between these two angles will help to take a more accurate approach while evaluating and managing the follow up of a patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty, reconstructive surgery or planning physical theraphy.
Investigation of the moderate toxicity of agricultural pesticides cyantraniliprole, boscalid and spiromesifen in vitro using neurotoxicity screening test
Authors: Karakayalı Emine Müge , Kekeç Duygu , Önal Tuna , Tuğlu Mehmet İbrahim
Published: June 2021

Objectives: Although industrial products used as agricultural pesticides are considered safe, they are likely to lead to chronic problems due to their long-term effects. The neurotoxicity screening test (NST) is a method based on the inhibition of neurite extension of neurons that do not not die with toxic effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the moderate neurotoxic effects and reveal the potential dangers of agricultural pesticides in vitro using NST. Methods: Cyantraniliprole, boscalid and spiromesifen were used as agricultural pesticides on the mouse neuroblastoma cell line N2a. Neurite extension of neurons was performed by taking them into the proliferation medium followed by the differentiation medium. Cell viability and proliferation were analyzed using the MTT test. The percentage of neurite inhibition was calculated by measuring neurite outgrowth by NST. Oxidative stress was analyzed by NOS staining with h-score and apoptosis was shown using the apoptotic index in TUNEL staining. Results: Cyantraniliprole, boscalid and spiromesifen at high concentrations caused neurite inhibition, decreased proliferation and reduced the viability of cultured neurons. These agricultural pesticides were found to be significantly moderate toxic for neurons by increasing oxidative stress and apoptosis. Conclusion: We conclude neurite inhibition may be important in early recognition for detecting and preventing the neurotoxic effect of pesticides, and NST is an important in vitro test that can predict the long-term effects of neurotoxic agents. In the present study, we observed cyantraniliprole, boscalid and spiromesifen had moderate neurotoxic effects in varying degrees using NST. This means that pesticides may behave toxic even in permissible limits for chronic exposure.
Ameliorative Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescence Strains on Growth and Antioxidant Potential of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Plant under Nematode Infection
Authors: Esan A. M. , Khan Z. , Kiran R. , Omolekan T. O. , Aremu K. A. , Adeyemi H. R. Y.
Published: June 2021

Meloidogyne incognita is a plant pathogen causing root-knot nematodes disease in many crops worldwide. Due to the environmental threat on the use of chemical fumigants, there is a need for a biological control method using microbial antagonists on root-knot nematodes disease. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen and evaluate the biocontrol potential of P. fluorescens strains against root-knot nematodes. The effectiveness of six P. fluorescens strains viz., Pf1, Pf2, Pf3, Pf4, Pf5and Pf6 were tested in vitro and also in pots experiment for their inhibitory activities and biocontrol potential against root-knot nematodes disease caused by Meloidogyne incognita on okra plant. Treatments of the nematode with 1.0-6.0% concentrations of 108 CFU/mL of Pf4 and Pf5 strains caused 70.0-95.0% inhibition on nematode egg-hatch and 2nd stage juveniles activity. Pf3, Pf4 and Pf5showed a decrease in the number of roots galling with increased root and shoot dry weights of stressed okra plant. Moreover, there was 25.99-36.43%, 37.76-79.145% and 42.62-62.37%, 69.83-98.09% increase in shoot length and leaf areas after 15th and 30th day respectively of P. fluorescens inoculation. The inoculated okra plants exhibited higher photosynthetic pigments, higher antioxidant enzymes activity and mineral contents than the nematode treated groups. Higher mineral contents were observed in the roots than the leaves of the okra plant subjected to the nematode infection. The bacteria strains especially Pf4 and Pf3 have considerable potential to reduce the menace of the nematodes in the treated okra plant. Therefore, the strains can be used for crop management against root-knot nematodes disease.
Fair Value as a Measurement Basis: The Case of Agriculture in Portugal
Authors: Marques Maria da Conceicao da Costa
Published: June 2021

The entities that operate in the agricultural activity, during the management must make decisions, which depend a lot on the information that is available in the opportune moment. Timely information and reliable accounting records are essential in this process. For the measurement of biological assets at fair value, there must be an active market. The fair value is based on the current location and condition of the asset and will therefore result from its price in the relevant market. There may, however, be advantages and disadvantages in the use of fair value in the measurement of a biological asset, a topic that will develop in this article.
An In-depth Analysis of the Relationship between Liquidity and Profitability, Vis-à-vis, Tata Pigment Limited
Authors: Chaudhary Amar Kumar , Raja Swati
Published: June 2021

The present study aims to acknowledge the pre-eminent relationship between the liquidity and profitability which performs a key role in corporate finance. The liquidity management performs an indispensable role as deficient liquidity and surplus liquidity both affects the functioning, profitability, and growth of any organization. The present study analysis is on Tata Pigments Ltd for a period from 2013-14 to 2018-19. The empirical and analytical study applies descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression to test the hypothesis of the study. The findings suggest that there is no significant relationship between the liquidity and profitability. The liquidity indicators do not affect the profitability ratios.
Comparative Study of Methodologies for Schedule Management in an Environment of Multiple Simultaneous Projects
Authors: Dinelli Thalisson de Brito , Oliveira Marcelo Albuquerque de , Vieira Raimundo Kennedy , Melo Erika Souza de
Published: June 2021

A project is a unique event that has an established deadline and with a purpose to meet a specific need of the team interested in the project. The objective of this work was to identify which method would be the most adequate for the reality of the studied environment and to show the benefits and losses in the adoption of each one of these methods. To achieve this objective, an analysis of 25 projects was carried out between the years of July 2019 and June 2019 to obtain a sufficient database and with these data to carry out a comparative study between three different methods of estimating deadlines in relation to what was actually practiced. The projects were divided into six main stages, the opening of the project, approval of the purchase order, delivery, confirmation of the start of operations, capitalization of assets and closing of the project. The first stage of data collection was to capture the number of days required to complete each stage in each of the 25 projects analyzed and thereby calculate minimum, maximum and average points of execution. With the data obtained from these projects, a simulation was made for the case of using the adapted media, Pert and Pert methodology. The studied environment has as a singularity the occurrence of multiple simultaneous projects and taking place in different stages. After comparative analyzes, it was Pert for presenting a greater balance between the metrics "projects within the deadline" and "variation of project X actual," however, the study also showed a lot of instability in the processes studied, so future studies to understand the discrepancy for the amount of days needed to perform a similar activity on different projects.
Estimation of Geoclimatic Factor for Nigeria through Meteorological Data
Authors: Oluwafemi Ilesanmi B. , Olla Moses O.
Published: June 2021

Geoclimatic factor variable is one of the most important radio climatic variables in the planning of the radio links in any region. A fade margin that takes into account multipath fading has to be incorporated in the link budget in the design of terrestrial line of sight communication system. This work involves the determination of the refractivity gradient over the first 100 m above ground level in Nigeria and by using the determined refractivity gradient, the geo-climatic factor (K) was calculated for typical links in Nigeria. The Geo-climatic factor (K) for the six major cities representing each geopolitical zone in Nigeria is determined in-order to improve future planning of the radio links in the regions. Measurement of meteorological parameters for five years taken in Ikeja, Lagos (Latitude 6º27´11´´N, Longitude 3º23´44´´E), Enugu (Latitude 6º27´35.8704´´N, Longitude 7º32´56.2164´´E), Kaduna (Latitude 10º31´23´´N, Longitude 7º26´25´´E), Port Harcourt (Latitude 4º47´21´´N, Longitude 6º59´54´´E), Kano (Latitude 12º3’N,Longitude 8º32´N) and Abuja (Latitude 9º10´32´´N Longitude 7º10´50´´E) were employed to estimate the country value of K. The pressure, P(hPa), temperature, T(ºC) and the relative humidity, (%), for the six location used were taken for a period of five years (2011-2015). The value of humidity were converted to water vapour pressure, e(hPa). In processing of the data, the average values of each month collected over a period of five years was used. The monthly data was used to calculate the values of the refractivity at the ground level and at 100 m altitude. From the calculated values of refractivity,the values of the refractivity gradient of heights of 65 m and at 100 m was computed and thereafter the geo-climatic factor (K) was calculated for the six geopolitical region of the country.
Agripreneurship and Agricultural Labour Market: Agripreneurial Intentions among Undergraduate Students in Ondo State, NigeriaAgripreneurship and Agricultural Labour Market: Agripreneurial Intentions among Undergraduate Students in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Ikuemonisan E. S. , Akinbola A. E.
Published: June 2021

This study examined agripreneurial intentions among students in the state-owned tertiary institutions in Ondo State. The study profiled students’ perceptions of learning (SPOL), teachers’ impact (SPOT), and mentorship and explored the effects of these on their agripreneurial intentions. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze 120 students, who were randomly selected from the two state-owned tertiary institutions. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of SPOL, SPOT, mentorship, as well as other socioeconomic characteristics, on students’ likelihood to have agripreneurial intentions. The study revealed that SPOL, SPOT & age significantly increased the likelihood of students having agripreneurial intentions, while perceptions of mentorship and the number of graduates in the family decreased it. Although the SPOL and SPOT were positive and statistically significant, the weak effects of the mean scores suggest that SPOL and SPOT should be improved upon to enhance students’ interest in agripreneurship.
Work-related Burden of Diabetes Mellitus among Employees
Authors: Alsalem Hajar J. , Alhaiz Aqil S.
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem. The prevalence of DM had increased worldwide despite the availability of medications. Working-age group is mostly affected by DM and its complications which subsequently would affect their quality of life and work productivity. A narrative review of the related literature published in English language from January 2010 to December 2020 using PubMed and Google Scholar databases was performed to explore the burden of DM among employees. There is an increase in absenteeism from work among employees due to DM and its complications, presenteeism was negatively affected. Moreover, employees with DM went through early retirement due to DM and its complications compared to employees without DM. This call to focus on implementing a prevention program to help reduce the impact of DM in employees' work productivity.
Gender Difference in Obesity Prevalence Among General Population of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Shahrukh , Nauman Hina , Saher Sania , Imtiaz Hafiza Arifa , Bibi Amina , Sajid Hajrah , Khan Tayyab Mumtaz , Mumtaz Madeeha , Bibi Somia
Published: June 2021

Obesity has become a pandemic problem and it is infamous for causing both physical and psychological disorders. Even though obesity is influenced by many factors which include fast food, menopause, socioeconomic status, and genetics, however, gender has paramount importance as a factor that affects obesity when we do not consider other factors. Thus, our current research study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and influence of gender on it. Our current cross-sectional descriptive study was finished in almost 6 months from August 2020 to January 2021 among general population of Pak Aran Society Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 183 people were recruited in study in accordance to set criteria of exclusion and inclusion. Only those people whose age was from above 20 years to below 61 years, and who had no physical or mental illness and were willing to participate were enrolled in study. Data collection was done through one self-structured proforma and WHO Classification of Weight Status established on BMI. SPSS version 25 was applied to perform data analysis. Various statistical tests like Chi-square test, Independent Sample t-test, and One-Way ANOVA test were used to evaluate the study variables and their relationship. Overall, our current study indicates high prevalence (19.10%) of obesity among all participants, nevertheless, mean of BMI value was higher among women (26.26 SD of ±3.70) as compared to men (25.06 with SD of ±4.27) which shows that women had higher risk of development of obesity than men. However, relationship between obesity and gender was statistically insignificant (p=0.262). The difference of BMI mean value between women and men was significant statistically (p=0.046). Significance difference was also observed in BMI mean value of across four grades of weight status (p=0.0001). In summary, in general, prevalence of obesity is higher among women than among men which means female gender raises the obesity incidence among women.
Peningkatan Minat dan Hasil Belajar IPA Melalui Metode Eksperimen Pada Materi Rangkaian Listrik di Kelas IX SMPN 1 Percut Sei Tuan
Authors: Yohana Syofia
Published: June 2021

This research was conducted on the basis of the results of observations of the science learning process in class, where the interests and learning outcomes of science learning, especially in class IX-3 have not progressed as expected. Low learning interest causes the students' daily test scores to show disappointing results, where the results have not reached the expected Minimum Completeness Criteria standard. The average value of science learning outcomes in grades IX -3 at SMP Percut Sei Tuan only reached 55.1. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to improve by conducting Classroom Action Research. Action research was conducted in class IX-3 SMP Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan Jln.Besar Tembung Gang Pendidikan, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency. The research lasted for 3 months in the odd semester of the 2017/2018 school year which was carried out in 2 cycles by suggesting 4 stages for each cycle, namely: the planning, implementation, observation and reflection stages. The data obtained from each cycle were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data analysis. This can be seen from the results of the average observation of student interest in learning science per individual, where students with very high interest in learning are 3.13%, students with high interest categories are 46.87%, students who are interested in learning are 34.37% and students with low interest in learning are 15.63%. Overall, the percentage of interest in learning has not reached 75%. Then continued with the second cycle, it was obtained that the observation interest in learning had increased. This was seen from the results of the average observation of student interest in learning science per individual that had increased. where students with very high interest in learning categories 25% of students with high interest categories 66.67%, students with sufficient interest in learning categories 8.33% overall the percentage of interest in learning has reached above 75%. The results of the first cycle test, there were 24 students (66.67%) who had achieved mastery learning while 12 students (33.33%) had not yet achieved mastery learning. After it is known that there is an increase, it is continued to provide action in cycle II. The results of the second cycle test had increased, the number of students who completed was very large, namely from 36 students, it turned out that 33 students (91.67%) had achieved completeness in learning, only 3 students (8.33%) had not achieved completeness in study.
Hubungan Keterampilan Proses Sains dengan Praktikum ditinjau dari Hasil Belajar Peserta didik SMA Negeri 19 Makassar
Authors: Satriani Satriani , Hardiyanti Nursaida
Published: June 2021

Pembelajaran Biologi memiliki peran penting dalam mengembangkan kompetensi peserta didik dengan menekankan pembelajaran langsung atau pengalaman nyata melalui pelaksanaan praktikum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan keterampilan proses sains dengan praktikum ditinjau dari hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 19 Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian ex post facto bersifat korelasional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 64 peserta didik dipilih secara purposive sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pelaksanaan praktikum dan keterampilan proses sains, dokumentasi dengan menghimpung semua hasil belajar peserta didik tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Product Moment Pearson dan analisis jalur (path). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analisis inferensial menggunakan aplikasi computer SPSS versi 20. Diperoleh nilai sig. 0.000 < 0.05 dan nilai R Square menunjukkan angka 0,535 yang artinya pelaksanaan praktikum memiliki pengaruh hubungan sebesar 53,5% dengan keterampilan proses sains jika ditinjau dari hasil belajar peserta didik.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN SELF EFFICACY SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI SMA SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA T.A 2017/2018
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Lubis Wilda Indah Yonalia , Molliq Yulita
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: 1) efektivitas perangkat pembelajaran model PBL dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan Self Efficacy siswa SMA; 2) peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan Self Efficacy siswa SMA dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran model PBL; Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan model Dick and Carrey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA kota Medan, pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan sekolah yang dijadikan sebagai subjek untuk uji coba adalah SMA Sultan Iskandar Muda kelas XI- IPA 1. Dari hasil uji coba I dan uji coba II diperoleh: 1) perangkat pembelajaran memenuhi keefektifan, efektivitas ditinjau dari a) ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal; b) ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran; dan c) waktu pembelajaran; 2) peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan Self Efficacy siswa dengan menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran model PBL; Selanjutnya, disarankan agar guru dapat menggunakan perangkat pembelajaran model PBL sebagai alternatif pembelajaran, dengan bimbingan atau pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang diberikan dapat terjangkau oleh siswa, sehingga siswa lebih mudah memahami masalah-masalah yang diberikan.
PERBEDAAN PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA MENGGUNAKAN PEMBELAJARAN PENEMUAN TERBIMBING DAN PEMBELAJARAN EKSPOSITORI
Authors:   Program Magister Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Medan, Fauza Adrina , Napitupulu Elvis , Khairani Nerli
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah: (1) perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran ekspositori, (2) perbedaan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran ekspositori, (3) interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa, dan (4) interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa terhadap motivasi belajar siswa. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa MTsN Stabat. Sampel penelitian diambil secara acak sebanyak 2 kelas berjumlah 60 orang siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan Anakova. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran ekspositori, (2) terdapat perbedaan peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dengan siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran ekspositori, (3) tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa, (4) tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan kemampuan awal matematika siswa terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.
Impacts of internal cost and revenue elements on accounting profit via ols regression model - a case in Vietnam
Authors: Hanh Hoang Thanh , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc
Published: June 2021

This study is conducted based on a real case study - AGIFISH company (AGF) in An Giang province, Vietnam, which use OLS regression model to measure impacts from internal cost factors (COGS, sale cost, admin expense) on accounting net profit of the firm. Authors mainly use combination of quantitative methods (statistics, calculation formulas) and qualitative methods including synthesis, inductive and explanatory methods, combined with dialectical materialism method.  Our study findings show us that Cost-income ratio has negative relationship with accounting net profit whereas COGS and sale cost have negative correlation with net profit. Besides, this study also give out recommendations for enhancing management accounting policies in the company. For instance AGF management need to control COGS better and reduce COGS/income ratio to increase accounting net profit. Our limitation of research is that we can expand researches to further industries and markets.
Durable Wash-Resistant Antimicrobial Treatment of Knitted Fabrics
Authors: Krisciunaite Jolita , Kalendraite Brigita , Ragelienė Lina , Merkelyte Evelina , Mikucioniene Daiva
Published: June 2021

Antimicrobial finishing is increasingly used in textile products to increase their functionality. Antimicrobial properties became extremely important during the COVID-19 situation. The main problems faced by antimicrobial finishing are nontoxicity and durability (wash-resistance) of antibacterial activity. Also, it is important to determine whether the antimicrobial finishing changes comfort properties, such as air permeability. This paper deals with the durability of antimicrobial treatment, that is, resistance to washing, and effect on the structural changes that may have influence on the comfort properties, such as permeability to air. Knits of various raw compositions were antimicrobial-treated with the new commercial antimicrobial product, Si Bactericidal (Smart Inovation, Portugal). After the antimicrobial treatment, knitted specimens were washed 50 times and changes in their structural parameters, air permeability, and antimicrobial activity were measured. It was found that the mentioned antimicrobial treatment gives very good antimicrobial activity to the treated fabric and is wash-resistant and long-lasting. Also, it does not change dimensions and permeability to air of the treated fabrics with some exceptions of cotton-based knitted structures.
The effects of single-sex versus coeducational physical education on american junior high PE students’ physical activity levels and self-competence
Authors: Vargos Crystal , Williams Skip M. , Henninger Mary L. , Coleman Margaret M. , Burns Ryan
Published: June 2021

Study aim: To examine single-sex classes versus coeducational classes in 7th grade PE and the effect the setting had on physical activity (PA) levels and self-competence.

Material and methods: A total of 85 students aged 12–13 years old, enrolled in the 7th grade from one junior high in the Midwestern part of the U.S.A. participated. Classes were randomly assigned as coed or single-sex. The study took place during eight lessons of a basketball unit. Four of the lessons focused on skill and four focused on game play. Average heart rate (HR) levels were recorded through HR monitors. A modified version of the Confidence in Learning Mathematics scale was administered to the students.

Results: A 2 × 2 Factorial ANOVA was completed to examine the effect of setting and gender on average HR during gameplay lessons, average HR during skill-based lessons, confidence, usefulness, and appropriateness. Results revealed on average, girls had fewer bpm compared to boys during gameplay. Also, girls in the single-sex setting had, on average, higher HR during gameplay compared to girls in coeducational.

Conclusions: Similarly, to other research, males had higher bpm during game play than females and higher HR’s in the single-sex setting than the coed setting. This suggests that during basketball it might be more ideal for females to participate in a single-sex setting to elicit more activity.
Performance Measurement of Vietnamese Publishing Firms by the Integration of the GM (1,1) Model and the Malmquist Model
Authors: Nguyen Xuan-Huynh , Luu Quoc Chien
Published: June 2021

Background: In the new technology context, the publishing industry cannot continue to maintain its business operations and to develop relying solely on traditional product offerings, such as books, magazines, and newspapers. There needs to be an expansion into innovative products, such as e-books, micro-publishing, and websites.

Objectives: The paper addresses the factors influencing financial reports of Vietnamese publishing firms using two methodological approaches, namely the Grey first-order one variables (GM,1,1) model in the Grey theory and the Malmquist model in the data envelopment analysis (DEA).

Methods/Approach: The GM(1,1) model predicts the future period of 2020–2023 based on the historical time series analysis. The Malmquist model presents catch-up, frontier-shift, and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) in whole terms.

Results: The analysis provides an overview of the publishing industry in Vietnam. The final empirical results show that twelve companies reached a production efficiency higher than 1 and fourteen companies are expected to attain a productivity score higher than 1.

Conclusions: Only a few firms do not need to change significantly; however, the remaining firms must re-evaluate their current operations.
Does the “Like” Habit of Social Networking Services Lower the Psychological Barriers to Recommendation Intention in Surveys?
Authors: Kato Takumi
Published: June 2021

Background: Companies often measure their customers’ recommendation intention using the loyalty index based on the idea that a customer who has high loyalty and is committed to a brand has the confidence to recommend it to others. The psychological barrier is higher for recommendation intention, which may influence the behavior of others than for satisfaction on an individual level. However, the action of recommending has become commonplace due to the spread of social networking services (SNS). Pushing the “like” button for posts by family, friends, and co-workers has become an ingrained practice for consumers. Therefore, it is thought that “like” habits in SNS may lower the psychological barriers to the recommendation.

Objectives: In this study, it was hypothesized that the more people habitually like posts on SNS, the higher the score for their recommendation intention in a customer survey.

Methods/Approach: Propensity score matching was used to investigate a causal effect between the likes and the recommendation intention in a customer survey.

Results: Based on the results of an online survey of chocolate brands in Japan, the causal effect was verified by propensity score matching.

Conclusions: The results suggest that not only in companies but also in academic research, a valid concern is that the causal effect cannot be accurately evaluated unless a survey design is performed in consideration of the effects.
Freedom in the Age of surveillance capitalism: Lessons from Shoshana Zuboff
Authors: Laniuk Yevhen
Published: June 2021

The Age of surveillance capitalism is a profound economical, sociological, political, philosophical, and ethical work by the American author, Harvard University Professor Shoshana Zuboff. In this work, she analyzes the new economic system, which she calls “surveillance capitalism.” This system revolves around the commodification of personal data, which allows human behavior to be predicted and “nudged” towards profitable ends. This system is historically unprecedented and has only become possible in the technological milieu of interconnected devices, which appeared in the 21st century. In this article, I look at the issue of freedom in Zuboff’s work. I argue that her understanding of freedom involves three ethical dimensions, namely privacy, autonomy, and authenticity. I take “surveillance capitalism” as a theoretical framework, in which I explore several ethical challenges to freedom in the digital age.
Interpretation of affects: Spinozist approach to the issue of human emotionality
Authors: Tippelt Hynek
Published: June 2021

This paper deals with the possibilities of using the ethical considerations of Baruch Spinoza in a psychotherapeutic context. I begin the interpretation by defining the basic features of Spinoza’s ethics and their connection with the whole of his philosophical system. The core of the study is the interpretation of Spinoza’s theory of affectivity and especially his concept of the transformation of passive affects into active, and what role philosophical knowledge plays in this transformation. The third part of the study then tries to show how selected points of Spinoza’s introduced ideas can be useful for psychotherapeutic work. As much as the connection between philosophical ethics and psychotherapy seems obvious to many non-experts, most professionals on both sides are vehemently opposed to it. I believe that Spinoza’s thinking is an example of how the boundaries of these disciplines can be meaningfully bridged.
Transport Infrastructure Quality and Logistics Performance in Exports
Authors: Sénquiz-Díaz Cynthia
Published: June 2021

The quality of transport infrastructure and the efficiency of logistics services enhance economic development. This study measures the effects of transport-freight common modals and logistics performance on the exports of goods in 29 developing economies based on micro fixed-effects panel data for the period 2012–2018. The endogenous model proved a positive relationship with countries’ outward orientation, highlighting the importance of transport infrastructure and logistics resources. The results revealed that the quality of roads and ports contribute significantly to higher exports in developing economies. However, the quality of airport infrastructure and logistics show a harmful effect. Notably, the logistics services level is a detrimental factor impacting the export of goods in developing economies. These results may adversely impact the potential contributions of other transport assets based on intermodal transport functionality and global market participation. Therefore, governments should prioritize formulating innovative policies and integration strategies with the private sector to improve the performance of logistics providers and fully utilize current transportation assets, particularly airports. These plans will facilitate higher exports, yield better development, and improve economic competitiveness while expanding export product diversification opportunities.
The Transition of Son Preference: Evidence from Southeast Asian Countries
Authors: Tavassoli Nahid
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the existence of son preference and gender-based fertility behavior among Southeast Asian mothers. Using census data of ten countries (Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam) over the years 1970-2014 and a sample of over 18 million observation, I show that having a first-born girl is associated with 0.16 more children in the household, equivalent to 7.2 percent rise from the mean. The marginal effects are quite robust across various specifications and subsamples. The effects are larger for countries with lower human development index and individuals with lower education. A birth cohort analysis show that the effects are significantly smaller for later cohorts implying that son preference fertility behavior has diminished over time.
A Study of Global Recession Recovery Strategies in Highly Ranked GDP EU Countries
Authors: Kolluru Mythili , Hyams-Ssekasi Denis , Rao K.V.Ch.Madhu Sudhana
Published: June 2021

The Global financial crisis of 2008-2009 severely impacted the developed economies of the world. It occurred at a time when most countries had started gaining economic growth, stability, and vibrance. Each country experienced a jolt to its economy, causing financial fragility, shocks, tragedy, and struggle. Attempts have been made to understand the root causes, economic instability, and the lessons learned from the great recession. Given the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research paper seeks to examine the global recession, its effect on the economy and finances. Our research is based on the qualitative analysis of comparing the impact of the global financial crisis and strategic recovery recession plans of the top five GDP countries in the European Union-particularly Germany, the UK, France, Spain, and Italy to draw some similarities between a recession and COVID-19 pandemic in terms of the economy. The findings indicate that the great recession had a devastating impact on the entire economy, and the world can learn valuable lessons. It notes that out of the selected five EU countries, Germany was the first to recover and bounce back by 2011, but Italy and Spain were severely hit and took longer to recover only partially. The recession recovery strategies demonstrate some similarities in economic and employment measures and differences concerning tax reforms and financial support packages initiated by all five countries. There needs to be a mechanism in which each country must prepare for untimely recessions. Thus, a developmental model has been created to enable countries to be more prepared when faced with recessions in the future years.
Evaluation of the possibility of obtaining viable seeds from the cross-breeding Hippeastrum × chmielii Chm. with selected cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum Hort.
Authors: Marciniak Przemysław , Jędrzejuk Agata , Sochacki Dariusz
Published: June 2021

Hippeastrum sp. is a popular cut flower and a popular potted plant, currently occupying the 11th position among cut flowers sold on the Dutch flower auctions. Hippeastrum × chmielii was bred by Henryk Chmiel at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), Poland. The aim of this study was designed to test the ability of two clones of H. × chmielii to reproduce generatively by pollinating by three cultivars of Hippeastrum hybridum – ‘Gervase’, ‘Rio Negro’ and ‘Royal Velvet’. Pollen viability was tested by germination on the medium and by acetocarmine staining. The receptiveness of the stigmas and ovules of H. × chmielii and thus their ability to possibly accept compatible pollen were checked by staining with red alizarin. The viability of pollen grains of tested cultivars was estimated at 66.4–83.0% and their high ability to develop pollen tube was found. It was determined that the embryos of both H. × chmielii clones were fully receptive. A total of 72 crossings were performed in 6 combinations. Seeds collected about 1 month after pollination were germinated immediately after harvest either on moist tissue paper on Petri dishes or in jars with distilled water. After 28 days the percentage of germinated seeds ranged between 48.3% and 77.9%, for different crosses. In the case of seeds obtained from crossing H. × chmielii clone 18 × H. hybridum ‘Gervase’ a higher average percentage of germinated seeds was obtained in jars while no differences were noted between the germination methods in other cases.
The impact of entrepreneurship on regional disparities in Romania: A spatial analysis at NUTS3 level
Authors: Antonia Mihai , Tigau Horia
Published: June 2021

Our study contributes to bridging the empirical gap between regional disparities and entrepreneurship, using a spatial panel framework. Regional disparities in Romania increased after the communist period and even more after the EU accession. Using NUTS3 level data provided by The Romanian National Institute of Statistics, for the period 2008-2018, we investigate the impact of entrepreneurship on regional disparities. We have found new details regarding the link between entrepreneurial activity and inequality. Entrepreneurship matters but, most importantly, it matters differently in developed, emerging and low-income countries. The results suggest that entrepreneurship does not have a significant impact on regional disparities in Romania.
The Evolution of Romania’s Internal Migration. Findings from the 1977, 1992, 2002 and 2011 Censuses
Authors: Mihăescu Constanţa , Otoiu Adrian , Marin Erika , Niculescu-Aron Ileana
Published: June 2021

Although internal migration has been rather overlooked, both in terms of its magnitude and importance, its ability to reflect socio-economic changes is providing useful insights on the evolution of the Romanian society over the last decades. Based on the analysis of census microdata over the past 4 censuses, some major shifts in the magnitude and patterns in internal migration reveal the fact that characteristics of internal migrants have not only mirrored, but also preceded the changes observed for the total population. Among the most important developments revealed by our analysis have been a slight decrease in migration incidence since 1992, an increase in migrants residing in rural areas, especially in the South region, and a higher incidence among women, perhaps as a counterweight for higher international migration rates among men. Internal migrants’ age profile shows that they are 11 years older than the total population, up from a gap of only 6 years in 1977. Although they tend to be relatively more educated, their advantage has been on a declining trend and, contrary to common perceptions, are less likely to be single. At the county level, data reveals diverging patterns triggered by post-communist development, among which deindustrialization of some countries and strong international migration. These findings help portray the socio-economic changes as revealed by the analysis of census data, and provide any additional feedback to the annual internal migration flow estimates, by assessing the stock of those who moved from their birthplace, and showing how net internal migration patterns have morphed over time, both reflecting and effecting demographic and socioeconomic evolutions of the Romanian society1.
Measuring the Level of Financial Development of U.E. Member Countries
Authors: Nastu Alexandra , Stancu Stelian , Dumitrache Andreea
Published: June 2021

A financial sector that is developed and well functional is a key component of an economy. Numerous articles in the literature study the influence of financial development on the poverty reduction or on the economic growth. However, this paper proposes to compare the level of financial development of EU member states, but also to discover a shortcut in defining the financial level of a country. The methodology that allows this is composed of three steps: creating a composite index based on the main principal components that measure the level of the financial system; creating a categorical variable based on the values of the index (financial developed countries have a positive index value and vice versa) and applying the Decision Trees algorithm to the extended dataset. The results of the study show an underdeveloped financial level for Romania, which is at the opposite pole from Luxembourg, the country with the highest level of the financial system. Among the definition patterns found, is the following condition: if the percent of accounts used to receive wages is greater than 49.74%, the saved using a savings club in the past year (%) is greater than 3.95%, the customer price index is greater than 106.99 and the debit card (%) is greater than 90.69%, then this indicate a good financial development level.
Labor force shortage analysis in Romania - size, impact and measures
Authors: Vasile Valentina , Boboc Cristina Rodica , Ghiţă Simona Ioana , Băncescu Irina , Săseanu Andreea Simona
Published: June 2021

Under the impact of unfavourable demographic developments, some existing imbalances on the Romanian labor market have worsened. Thus, in 2019 the labor force shortage was estimated to 300000 persons, while in the last ten years the number of vacancies has exceeded 60,000 places, more than double the level at the beginning of the period (2010). This phenomenon may have negative social and economic effects. In this context, the present paper aims at analysing the labor shortages in Romania, at identifying its main determinants and the most important social and economic consequences and recommends a series of measures to mitigate the negative effects of this phenomenon.