bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Genotoxic Effect of Escherichia coli in Urinary Tract Epithelial Cells with Micronucleus Assay
Authors: SANCER Okan
Published: June 2018

Objective: E. coli
is a type of bacterium that causes urinary tract infections in women. The aim
of the work was to investigate the possible use of epithelial cells from the
urinary tract in identifying infections–related DNA damage effects in women.Methods: Epithelial cells
from urinary tract were collected from 40 E
.coli infection and 40 control (non- infection) women and subjected to
micronucleus assay. Number of cells with micronucleus, binucleus cells were counted in two groups as
parameters for the evaluation of genome stability. All of urine samples pH, leukocyte, leukocyte esterase, nitrite
results measured with H-800
urine analyzer and FUS-200 urine sediment analyzer.Result: E.
coli infection and non-infection cases test results were statistically evaluated with Mann-Whitney
U and Independent Sample T test. A p-value of <0.05 was found
statistically significant for micronucleus, binucleus, and urine , leukocyte, leukocyte esterase and
nitrite parameters. pH
results were not found statistically significant (p>0,05).

Conclusion: The
detection of E. coli in
urinary tract epithelial cells showed that induce DNA damage. It
can be said that patients with early antibiotics and doses, early treatment may
help to reduce the level of DNA damage.
Enacting Expertise: Ritual and Risk in Cybersecurity
Authors: Shires James
Published: June 2018

This article applies the concept of ritual to cybersecurity expertise, beginning with the cybersecurity “skills gap”: the perceived lack of suitably qualified professionals necessary to tackle contemporary cybersecurity challenges. It proposes that cybersecurity expertise is best understood as a skilled performance which satisfies decision-makers’ demands for risk management. This alternative understanding of cybersecurity expertise enables investigation of the types of performance involved in key events which congregate experts together: cybersecurity conferences. The article makes two key claims, which are empirically based on participant observation of cybersecurity conferences in the Middle East. First, that cybersecurity conferences are ritualized activities which create an expert community across international boundaries despite significant political and social differences. Second, that the ritualized physical separation between disinterested knowledge-sharing and commercial advertisement at these conferences enacts an ideal of “pure” cybersecurity expertise rarely encountered elsewhere, without which the claims to knowledge made by cybersecurity experts would be greatly undermined. The approach taken in this article is thus a new direction for cybersecurity research, with significant implications for other areas of international politics.
Role of the P2Y6 receptor of UDP in the modulation of murine dendritic cell functions and Th1 polarisation of the immune response
Authors: Cammarata Dorothée , Ben Addi Abduelhakem , D’Amico Eva , Robaye Bernard
Published: June 2018

Numerous studies have demonstrated the role of uridine diphosphate (UDP) and its P2Y6 receptor in the inflammatory reaction and innate immunity. However, the importance of the P2Y6 receptor in the adaptive immune response remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the P2Y6 receptor is functionally expressed in murine bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDC). UDP induced a Ca2+ transient in these cells that was decreased in P2Y6-deficient mice. UDP also increased the endocytosis of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) and amplified the secretion of interleukin 12-p70 (IL-12p70) induced by CpG; these responses were abolished in P2Y6-deficient mice. In vivo experiments showed that the serum level of specific IgG2c after immunisation with ovalbumin was decreased in P2Y6-deficient mice, while the level of specific IgG1 was unchanged. These data suggest that the P2Y6-mediated effects of UDP on myeloid dendritic cells play a role in the in vivo Th1 skewing of the immune response.
A study to know clinical characteristics and outcome of obstetrics patients requiring ICU admission
Authors: Garg Pratibha , Tripathi Urmila
Published: June 2018

Background: Pregnancy poses unique consideration for critical care and it is imperative that obstetrician and other members of health care team have a working knowledge of these factors because these are women are usually young and in good health, their prognosis should be better than that of many other patients admitted to an intensive care.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gaja Raja Medical College and associate Kamla raja Hospital, Gwalior in the ICU from Oct. 14 to Oct. 15.Results: 678 obstetric women were admitted into the ICU of Kamla Raja Hospital, over a period of 1 year study period. Maximum number of patients belong to age group 21-25 years (54.8%), 398 (58.7%) patients were uneducated, 343 (50.59%) came directly to Kamla Raja Hospital. 362 (53.39%) belongs to urban area. The mean length of stay in ICU was 3 days. Maximum number of patients were postpartum 580 (85.55%). According to mode of delivery maximum number of patients 348 (51.33%) underwent LSCS. Most common obstetric indication for admission in ICU was hypertensive disorder of pregnancy 472 (69.61%). Most common medical indication was severe anaemia 128 (18.87%). Various type intervention like pulse oxymetry, O2 inhalation, BT, nebulisation and ventilation were done in ICU according to patients need. 43 maternal death happened during the study period with most common cause was cardiorespiratory arrest 9 (1.32%) and pulmonary edema 8 (1.17%).Conclusions: Establishment of a dedicated obstetric ICU at tertiary care centre with knowledge familiarity, experience and expertise of an obstetrician and a special team would be best place to monitor and treat the critically ill obstetric patients which will reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality.
Prevalence and risk factors for dysmenorrhoea among nursing student and its impact on their quality of life
Authors: Karanth Shashikala , Liya S. R.
Published: June 2018

Background: Dysmenorrhea is an important health problem of adolescent girls, that affects their quality of life and it is one of the leading causes of repeated school absenteeism. The purposes of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors for dysmenorrhea among nursing students and its impact on their quality of life.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in St Johns Nursing College, Bengaluru.200 nursing students aged between 18-20 years were included. Standardized questionnaires were used to obtain relevant data. Data was analysed using Chi-sq. test, correlation and regression analysis by SPSS version 23.Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 62.5%. The mean age, age at menarche and, the mean PABC of the students were 18.7±0.48, 13.3±1.20 and 74.96±16.14   respectively, which is not significant. The average length of menstrual cycle was between 28-30 days, duration of bleeding as 3-5 days. Duration of sleep, regular menstrual cycle and low BMI exhibited positive correlation (p<0.05) while Family history and exercising habits did not exhibit significant effect. Dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with repeated school absenteeism (16%).Conclusions: Dysmenorrhoea is found to be highly prevalent among nursing students and is one of the leading causes of absenteeism. Regular cycle, duration of sleep and low BMI were significant risk factors for dysmenorrhea. Findings of present study suggest the need for educating adolescent girls on appropriate and effective management of dysmenorrhea.
Acute viral Hepatitis E in antenatal women: a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Patel Kaveri Shaw , Tiwari Manish , Choubey Sudha , Jain Anivesh , Jain Lovely , Gupta Manish
Published: June 2018

Background: Hepatitis E has poor prognosis in pregnancy and leads to 20-30% mortality in term cases. The Aim of the study was to observe the trend of maternal and perinatal outcome in acute viral hepatitis E.Methods: A prospective study conducted in two high risk obstetric center of Jabalpur district in January 2015 to December 2017. The inclusion criteria were all antenatal women diagnosed with acute viral Hepatitis E entering to the Intensive care unit of any gestational age who later delivered in the same center. Other than acute hepatitis E all acute hepatitis cases and women missed in follow up in delivery were excluded from the study. The data collected on demographic, clinical and biochemical variables in excel sheet and descriptive analysis done by SPSS system.Results: There were 72 antenatal women enrolled with mentioned criteria in study duration. Out of these only 67 were in follow up and alive till their delivery in the same set ups. Out of these 70.14% were Primigravida of median age 27 year. The mean gestational age at detection of hepatitis E was 30.3week. The maternal mortality observed was 17.9% (12/67) in the total study population. The high grade of mortality was significantly associated with high grade of disease. There were 19.4% (13/67) perinatal (mortality seen which included intrauterine (14.9%) and neonatal (4.4%).Conclusions: The severity of Hepatitis and high grade of hepatic encephalopathy following poor primary care in the beginning of disease results in poor perinatal and maternal outcome.
Risk factors for the conversion of laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy
Authors: Paidipelly Kiran Kumar , . Sangamitra
Published: June 2018

Background: Gall stones is one of the most common diseases in man. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the preferred procedure, mainly due to lower morbidity and mortality, thus returning to the normal activity sooner, lesser number of hospital days and lesser pain post-surgery. However, around 2-15% of the patients need to convert from laparoscopic to open surgery due to different reasons.Methods: 357 patients who came in for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included into the study. Details such as age, height, weight, BMI, mode of surgery i.e. emergency or elective, physical and clinical examination including Ultrasound, lab results, previous history of surgery and other co morbidities were noted.Results: Out of the 357 patients, 31(8.7%) were converted to open cholecystectomies, of which, 61.3% females and 38.7% males. 58% in the open cholecystectomy group were above 60 years. 67.7% of the patients who converted to open surgery had a BMI of over 25, while it was 39.6%   in case of laparoscopic surgery. 74.2% among the patients who had undergone conversion to the open surgery had pain in the right hypochondrium, 67.7% had increased WBC levels.Conclusions: Increased age, obesity, tenderness in the RHC, increased WBC levels, acute cholecystitis are the predisposing factors for the conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cystectomy.
Risk factors of acute and perforated appendicitis in a semi-rural population: a retrospective study
Authors: Paidipelly Kiran Kumar , . Sangamitra
Published: June 2018

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the common conditions observed in the surgery department, which requires an emergency appendectomy with complicated appendicitis including perforated appendicitis is a cause of great concern involving severe morbidity and mortality. To improve our understanding of the sign and symptoms as well as the clinical findings of appendectomy, both in perforated and non-perforated appendicitis, this study was conducted retrospectively on the –patients who attended our hospital.Methods: T The demographic details of 184 the patients in this retrospective study were noted such as age, sex, weight and height, socioeconomic status, the sign and symptoms of the illness at the time of admission, time taken for the surgery to be performed after the admission was noted. All the investigations details such as random blood sugar, complete blood picture, hemoglobin, radiological findings abdominopelvic CT scan where necessary were also noted.Results: Out of the 184 patients admitted to our hospital for appendectomy 22% had perforated appendicitis and 78% had uncomplicated nonperforated appendicitis. The mean age of all the patients in the no perforated group was 30 ± 8.3 and 33±10.2 among the perforated group, with males being more affected than females. The most common symptom among all the patients was migrating pain in the abdomen, followed by anorexia, fever and vomiting. There was a greater time lapse between the onset of symptoms to the admission time in the patients with perforated appendicitis (4.9±1.6 days), compared to the non-perforated cases (2.4±1.8 days), with longer hospital stay and raised WBC counts.Conclusions: Proper education regarding the health and well-being of a patient of any age group should properly be given to the patient and their approach to the hospital at the earliest must be reiterated.
Prevalence and risk factors of hearing impairment among neonates admitted in NICU in a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: Nair Varsha S. , Das Prarthana , Soundararajan Palanisamy
Published: June 2018

Background: Present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hearing impairment using measurements of Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) in newborns admitted to NICU and to determine the risk factors predictive of hearing impairment in these newborns.Methods: The study was conducted from January 2016 to June 2017 in the NICU under the Department of Pediatrics. All neonates admitted for more than 48 hours in the NICU were included. Neonates who died during the study period were excluded. All candidates underwent hearing loss in a sound treated room in the department using Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE) test at the time of discharge.  Babies who failed this initial screening underwent another OAE test within 1 month after discharge, and those who failed the test again were referred to an Otologist for comprehensive audiological assessment at 3 months.Results: Of the 200 neonates included in the study, 101cases (50.5%) failed the initial screening. 1 case (0.5%) failed the second OAE screening and moderate hearing loss was diagnosed in this child using BERA. Risk factors included mechanical ventilation (p=0.01), prematurity (p=0.01), low Apgar scores (p<0.01) and multiple gestation (p<0.05). Other conditions predominating in neonates who failed hearing screening included TTN, MAS, LBW and neonatal jaundice.Conclusions: Newborn infants admitted to the NICU are at a higher risk for hearing impairment due to exposure to multiple risk factors. The two staged screening protocols with DPOAE is a useful protocol for detecting hearing loss in newborns and can be implemented as a national program.
Correlation between glycemic control markers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance
Authors: Biradar Satish Basanagouda , Desai Anasuya Sangaraj , Kashinakunti Sangappa Virupaxappa , Rangappa Manjula , Kallaganad Gurupadappa Shantappa , Devaranavadagi Basavaraj
Published: June 2018

Background: Many studies have compared and correlated glycemic control markers with lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, but very few studies correlate them in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to find comparison and correlation between FBG, PPBG and HbA1c with lipid profile in T2DM patients and IGT individuals.Methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care hospital in north Karnataka. The diagnosis of T2DM and IGT was based on WHO criteria. 99 apparently healthy controls, 101 T2DM patients and 100 IGT subjects participated in the study.Results: All the biochemical parameters were significantly raised in IGT and T2DM patients as compared to controls.In T2DM, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.048) and significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG and HbA1c showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC VLDL and LDL and significant negative correlation with HDL, p value was 0.000 for all parameters. The correlation in IGT, FBG showed significant positive correlation with TC (p=0.000) and LDL (p=0.004), significant negative correlation with HDL (p=0.000). PPBG showed significant positive correlation with TGL, TC and VLDL and significant negative correlation with HDL(p=0.000).Conclusions: Diagnosis of T2DM, IGT and associated dyslipidema is necessary as life style modification and pharmacotherapy can control these situations and thereby reduce the cardiovascular risk.
Filozoficzne aspekty „bez-względności” słowa w relacji dorosły – małe dziecko
Authors: Walczak Anna
Published: June 2018

W artykule podejmuję próbę ukazania obecności słowa – żywego słowa – jako środka języka/mowy w relacji jednego człowieka z Drugim – z kimś bliższym niż ktoś inny, kto swoją obecnością poświadcza obecność tego, który do niego mówi. O obecności słowa można mówić jako o obecności bezwzględnej – zgodnie z myśleniem o języku/mowie przez pryzmat ich konwencjonalnie rozumianych funkcji. Przyjmując za H.-G. Gadamerem, że nasze doświadczenie ma postać językową, piszę o zanurzeniu w języku, w którym, poprzez przyswojenie sobie jego znaczeń, możemy myśleć i komunikować swoje myśli innym oraz komunikować się z nimi – rozmawiać. Obecność słów jako podstawy, możliwości i jakości relacji jednego człowieka z Drugim ma także względny charakter. Za E. Lévinasem przedstawiam prelingwistyczny sposób bycia jednego człowieka z Drugim oraz omawiam milczenie jako pozornie nie-słowny kontakt z sobą samym i z Drugim. Ponieważ koncentruję się na relacji z Drugim, rozwijam także wątek tego, kto mówi do kogo, tym samym wskazując, że mówienie do kogoś mieści się w „projekcie egzystencjalnym” mówiącego. Rozważania skoncentrowane wokół powyższej problematyki stały się także pretekstem do podjęcia refleksji nad wybranymi aspektami słownej i niesłownej relacji między dorosłym a małym dzieckiem. Podjęte w artykule rozważania sytuuję przede wszystkim w perspektywie fenomenologicznej.
Developmental and educational goals of early childhood education and care – perspective of Warsaw caregivers
Authors: Wysłowska Olga
Published: June 2018

The following inquiry aims at exploring the beliefs of caregivers from the Public Crèche Network in Warsaw, the biggest network of this type in Poland, on the importance of fostering different developmental and educational goals in the youngest children. The participating caregivers (N = 449) completed a structured, Internet-based questionnaire on the significance of supporting the development of social, cognitive, physical, emotional and personal goals of 0–3-year-olds in early childhood settings. Also, information on practitioners’ educational background and work experience was collected to investigate whether their beliefs differed depending on these background characteristics. The results revealed no associations between the caregivers’ beliefs and their formal pre-service training (higher education diploma vs none or vocational training) or their work experience (5 years or less experience of work in early childhood settings vs over 5 years of work in the ECEC sector). The findings of the study are discussed with regard to the Polish legal context and potential practical implications.
Wczesna edukacja dziecka w opiniach opiekunów poznańskich żłobków – raport z badań
Authors: Sadowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2018

Celem opracowania jest ukazanie sposobów postrzegania wczesnej edukacji dziecka przez opiekunów dziecka do lat trzech zatrudnionych w poznańskich żłobkach publicznych. Definiując pojęcie wczesnodziecięcej edukacji, autor zaznacza, że edukacja dziecka do trzeciego roku życia jest edukacją fundamentalną i rozwojową w tym sensie, że wytycza ją potencjał rozwojowy dziecka. Powinna mieć charakter niedyrektywny i opierać się na ustawicznej obserwacji i diagnozie rozwoju dziecka. Wczesna edukacja to organizowanie podopiecznemu sytuacji zadaniowych zgodnych ze strefą najbliższego rozwoju i uważne towarzyszenie dziecku w rozwoju. Zaprezentowane w tekście wyniki badań własnych autorki ukazują szereg trudności w zakresie postrzegania przez opiekunów dziecka do lat trzech edukacji wczesnodziecięcej, pozwalają jednak na wysnucie wniosku, że opiekunki są świadome faktu, że w zakres oddziaływań wobec dziecka do trzeciego roku życia powinny także włączyć sposoby oddziaływań edukacyjnych.
Dört Aşamalı Kavramsal Ölçme Aracı ile Sekizinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Hücre Bölünmeleri Konusundaki Bilgi Farkındalıkları ile Kavram Yanılgılarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: BOZDAĞ Hüseyin Cihan , OK Gökçe
Published: June 2018

Bu araştırmada sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin hücre bölünmeleri konusundaki bilgi farkındalıkları ile sahip oldukları kavram yanılgılarının dört aşamalı Hücre Bölünmeleri Kavramsal Ölçme Aracı kullanılarak belirlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, İzmir şehir merkezindeki bir devlet okulunda öğrenim gören 260 (131’i kız, 129’u erkek) ortaokul öğrencisi ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada kullanılan dört aşamalı test, yanıtlar ile güven düzeyine ilişkin verilerin ilişkilendirilerek analizine olanak sağlaması ile daha güvenilir analiz sonuçları elde edilmesini sağlamıştır. Doğru bilgi ve yanlış bilgiyi birbirinden ayıramayan, verdiği yanıtların doğruluğundan oldukça emin olan öğrencilerin varlığı ise kavram yanılgılarının belirlenmesinde ön koşul olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, öğrencilerin hücre bölünmeleri konusunda düşük kavramsal anlama düzeyine sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca üçü mitoz, üçü mayoz ve ikisi de mitoz ile mayozun birlikteliği olmak üzere sekiz farklı kavram yanılgısı tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, daha doğru ve güvenilir sonuçlar sunan dört aşamalı testlerin kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması ile öğretim aşamasında belirlenmiş kavram yanılgılarının yaygınlığını önleyici tedbirlerin alınması öneri olarak sunulmuştur.
Moda/indumentária em culturas juvenis: símbolos de comunicação e formação de identidades corporais provisórias em jovens do ensino médio
Authors: Costa Antonio Galdino da , Pires Giovani de Lorenzi
Published: June 2018

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender a comunicação nas culturas juvenis, expressa por meio dos símbolos da moda/indumentária e adereços no ambiente escolar, levando em conta as questões socioculturais dos alunos, seus diferentes grupos e culturas. Evidenciar a existência destes grupos nos espaços escolares parece ser de suma importância, para que assim a escola possa promover formas de interação e reconhecimento. O que a pesquisa aponta é a necessidade de a escola perceber o jovem como sujeito do seu cotidiano, inclusive o escolar, não se limitando a estipular normas, nem reconhecê-lo apenas no espaço/tempo das aulas, pois nos demais espaços escolares os jovens também comunicam suas identidades, constituem seus grupos e se reconhecem neles.
Reflexões acerca do papel da re-significação do corpo pela educação física escolar, face ao estereótipo de corpo ideal construído na contemporaneidade
Authors: Azevedo Aldo Antonio de , Gonçalves Andréia Santos
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo, de cunho interpretativo, apresenta uma reflexão acerca do papel da Educação Física Escolar na re-significação do corpo, face ao estereótipo construído na contemporaneidade. Recorre-se, às contribuições de alguns estudiosos do corpo, em especial, Le Breton; de algumas idéias de sociólogos como Durkheim e Foucault e do antropólogo Mauss. Aborda-se, também, reflexivamente a questão do corpo, no “fazer” Educação Física, onde o professor e os alunos reúnem possibilidades de re-significação do corpo pela conscientização, superando a fragmentação e propondo a interdisciplinaridade na sua constituição. A reflexão exige, portanto, o reconhecimento da realidade da prática pedagógica da Educação Física na escola, enquanto espaço social emancipatório e não apenas mero reprodutor de práticas a-críticas.
O tecido circense: fundamentos para uma pedagogia das atividades circenses aéreas
Authors: Bortoleto Marco Antonio Coelho , Calça Daniela Helena
Published: June 2018

Este artigo disserta sobre o tecido circense, uma modalidade aérea cuja prática vêm transcendendo o ambiente do circo de lona e das escolas especializadas nesta arte e desperta interesses principalmente dentro de academias, clubes e, principalmente, de universidades, conforme observado na faculdade de educação física da Unicamp. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, da experiência adquirida e da consulta em fontes on-line, apresentamos uma classificação elaborada de acordo com as diferentes amarrações e formas de utilização, além de discutir o processo pedagógico que envolve o ensino desta modalidade expondo as principais travas (ou chaves), figuras e quedas. Finalizamos o manuscrito expondo as noções básicas de segurança, cuidado com os equipamentos e com a preparação corporal específicos para a prática do tecido.
Estética, corpo e cultura
Authors: Kowalski Marizabel , Ferreira Maria Beatriz Rocha
Published: June 2018

Este ensaio intitulado “Estética, Corpo e Cultura” revela um tema atual. Consta dos referenciais das conversas cotidianas femininas e, também, masculinas: o culto à beleza, boa forma, corpo magro e alto, malhado, sem gordura e fibro edema gelóide (celulite), ou seja, no julgamento entre o bom, o mau e o feio – a estética e a cultura corporal - estão em alta na sociedade. O discurso estende-se desde as pequenas cidades as metrópolis – ser “Top”, estar “Top”. Mas como chegar até aí? Este trabalho bibliográfico nos conduz a algumas relevâncias como, por exemplo: o que é ser gordo ou ser magro no imaginário social!
Estudo da dinâmica da luta e a influência do Golden score na preparação física de judocas de alto nível
Authors: Rosa Rodrigo Ribeiro , Del Vecchio Fabrício Boscolo , Santos Leonardo José Mataruna dos , Mikahil Mara Patrícia Traina Chacon , Oliveira Paulo Roberto de
Published: June 2018

As novas tendências do treinamento desportivo aplicado ao judô propõem observações dos esforços competitivos, destacando o advento do Golden Score (GS), que altera o tempo possível de combate. Por isso, foram observados 23 judocas brasileiros do sexo masculino, em 42 lutas realizadas na 1ª Seletiva Nacional de 2003, evento que formou a base da Seleção Brasileira de Judô do citado ano. A análise das variáveis da dinâmica de combate não mostrou diferenças significativas, evidenciando que a inclusão do GS não alterou a dinâmica da luta, porém, devido ao observado aumento do volume do tempo de luta referente ao GS, apontam para uma necessária alteração dos conteúdos das cargas específicas de treino, buscando otimizar o rendimento desportivo nessa nova realidade competitiva.
Recuperando, comparando e apreciando brincadeiras de rua de diferentes gerações em Bauru, SP: formação da identidade e padrão por gênero
Authors: Milanezi Jorgeta Zogheib , Gonçalves Aguinaldo , Padovani Carlos Roberto
Published: June 2018

O presente projeto expressa como objetivos: i-) identificar jogos e brinquedos praticados nos anos 50, em Bauru, SP, e qual o significado dos mesmos para aqueles que os vivenciaram; ii-) sistematizar como e quais são os da geração subseqüente e iii-) propor subsídios para as escolas preservarem a cultura local no que diz respeito a tais expressões. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos relatos de memória e de entrevistas com pessoas que, na década de 50, encontravam-se na faixa entre 08 e 13 anos e também com crianças entre 10 e 12 anos, da Escola Municipal de 1º Grau Santa Maria, localizada no bairro Vila Cardia. Destas, analisaram-se 19 do gênero feminino e 20 do masculino, segundo a metodologia de Kosminsky (1984). Obtendo-se 127 referências de brincadeiras que não se repetiram entre as gerações, as comuns a ambas (53 e 60 respectivamente) foram submetidas a análise inferencial, pelo teste de Goodman. Inspeção imediata de tais resultados apontou para aparente associação entre brincadeiras e um padrão segundo gênero, aspecto a seguir também considerado e demonstrado pelas comparações intra e interpopulacionais multinominais, em relação aos postos mais freqüentemente referidos. Como resultado geral obtido, foi possível, não obstante as flutuações de freqüência observadas entre as ambas as gerações, constatar e discutir a consecução dos objetivos inicialmente postos, bem como a distribuição preferencial constatada.
Do senso comum à ciência: para o profissional de educação física, uma transição difícil de ser completamente compreendida
Authors: Medeiros Rômulo José Dantas
Published: June 2018

Diante do grande debate já realizado referente às questões epistemológicas da educação física (EF), foi proposto no presente artigo uma diferente forma de análise: refletir e compreender o ponto de vista de um recém formado educador físico acerca da temática “do senso comum a ciência: uma transição possível à EF”. Tal ponto de vista foi desenvolvido textualmente como um “instrumento” de preparação para o processo de seleção do primeiro programa de mestrado em educação física da região norte/nordeste. Posterior a reflexão realizada, conclui-se que a referida transição incita preocupações associadas à valorização do profissional de EF. Essa valorização, por sua vez, precisa ser buscada pelo educador físico, estando esse, necessariamente, consciente de que sua intervenção não pode apresentar um caráter de cientismo, nem de credulidade.
Direct Numerical Simulation of Flow on Pore-Scale Images Using the Phase-Field Method
Authors: Frank Florian , Liu Chen , Alpak Faruk O. , Berg Steffen , Riviere Beatrice
Published: June 2018

Advances in pore-scale imaging, increasing availability of computational resources, and developments in numerical algorithms have started rendering direct pore-scale numerical simulations of multiphase flow on pore structures feasible. In this paper, we describe a two-phase-flow simulator that solves mass- and momentum-balance equations valid at the pore scale (i.e., at scales where the Darcy velocity homogenization starts to break down). The simulator is one of the key components of a molecule-to-reservoir truly multiscale modeling work flow.

A Helmholtz free-energy-driven, thermodynamically based diffuse-interface/phase-field method is used for the effective simulation of numerous advecting interfaces, while honoring the interfacial tension (IFT). The advective Cahn-Hilliard (CH) (mass-balance, energy dissipation) and Navier-Stokes (NS) (momentum-balance, incompressibility) equations are coupled to each other within the phase-field framework. Wettability on rock/fluid interfaces is accounted for by means of an energy-penalty-based wetting (contact-angle) boundary condition. Individual balance equations are discretized by use of a flexible discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method. The discretization of the mass-balance equation is semi-implicit in time using a convex/concave splitting of the energy term. The momentum-balance equation is split from the incompressibility constraint by a projection method and linearized with a Picard splitting. Mass- and momentum-balance equations are coupled to each other by means of operator splitting, and are solved sequentially.

We discuss the mathematical model and its DG discretization, and briefly introduce nonlinear and linear solution strategies. Numerical-validation tests show optimal convergence rates for the DG discretization, indicating the correctness of the numerical scheme and its implementation. Physical-validation tests demonstrate the consistency of the phase distribution and velocity fields simulated within our framework. Finally, two-phase-flow simulations on two real pore-scale images demonstrate the usefulness of the pore-scale simulator. The direct pore-scale numerical-simulation methodology rigorously considers the flow physics by directly acting on pore-scale images of rocks without remeshing. The proposed method is accurate, numerically robust, and exhibits the potential for tackling realistic problems.
Impact of Polymer EOR and Salinity on Barium Sulphate Scale Risk
Authors: Al Kalbani M. M. , Mackay E. J. , Sorbie K. S. , Nghiem L.
Published: June 2018

Barium Sulphate (BaSO4) scale deposition is a serious problem encountered in oilfield operations. The precipitation of BaSO4 scale has been studied mainly for fields under water flooding. On the other hand, polymer flooding is a mature Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) method that has been applied successfully in many fields. This study investigates the effect of polymer flooding and salinity variations on oil Recovery Factor (RF) and on brine mixing and BaSO4 precipitation in porous media and the scale risk in producers.

Reservoir simulation has been used to carry out the study. We have performed simulations using a reactive transport simulator and heterogeneous 2D areal and vertical models and a field scale 3D model. Data from literature have been utilized to define parameters that control polymer viscosity, polymer adsorption and barium (Ba2+) and sulphate (SO42-) concentrations. We have also studied the effect of injecting a low salinity water as the make-up brine for the polymer slug to see its impact on oil recovery and BaSO4 precipitation.

The study shows that the injection of a viscous polymer slug reduces the mixing between injected and formation brines and so reduces the amount of BaSO4 deposition in the reservoir compared to a normal water flood. This reduction is not large and its effect on reservoir permeability is marginal. However, importantly the viscous polymer delays the breakthrough of injected water and hence the precipitation of BaSO4 at the wellbore. Including the effect of polymer adsorption makes the polymer front move slower than the SO42- front, and this accelerates BaSO4 precipitation at the wellbore and increases the total precipitation compared to the case without adsorption. A low salinity polymer slug, which contains low SO42- concentration, improves polymer viscosity, which enhances oil recovery, and reduces and delays the amount of BaSO4 deposition in the formation and in the producers.

The behaviour of brine mixing is different under polymer flooding compared to normal water flooding. This work shows for the first time that this impacts the amount of BaSO4 scale that precipitates in the reservoir, and thus the timing and amount of potential scale deposition in the wellbore.
GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA EM UM HOSPITAL DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Ferreira Ludimila Catarina , Saraiva Luiz Alex Silva
Published: June 2018

Nesse estudo se aborda como a governança é percebida pelo stakeholders, a partir do pressuposto que, para alcançar resultados, é preciso haver valorização e estímulo para o alcance do interesse das partes interessadas. Para tanto, foi observado o caso de um hospital filantrópico de uma cidade do interior de Minas Gerais, tendo sido o caso analisado construído a partir de informações obtidas na internet associadas à realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com stakeholders. Os principais resultados sugerem que no modelo de governança identificado no hospital, o de stakeholders, há falhas nas práticas de responsabilidade e participação, o que torna particularmente problemática a relação entre gestão e empregados, o que interfere na gestão da organização como um todo.
PUBLIC VALUE SCORECARD: ALTERNATIVA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO EM HOSPITAIS UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Portulhak Henrique , Espejo Márcia Maria dos Santos Bortolocci , Pacheco Vicente
Published: June 2018

Diante dos desperdícios gerados pela corrupção e pela má administração dos recursos públicos, faz-se importante a proposição de ferramentas que possam auxiliar no acompanhamento da qualidade dos serviços de assistência à saúde, como o Public Value Scorecard. A pesquisa objetiva desenvolver um modelo conceitual de avaliação de desempenho baseado no Public Value Scorecard (PVSC) integrado ao planejamento estratégico do hospital universitário federal objeto desse estudo. Os procedimentos do estudo de caso, norteados por um protocolo elaborado para essa investigação, conduziram ao processo de modelagem conceitual de um sistema de avaliação de desempenho composto principalmente por indicadores e metas que foram cascateados aos seus diversos níveis hierárquicos. O processo de modelagem conceitual demonstra a compatibilidade do artefato proposto por Moore (2003) com a realidade investigada, sendo que a experiência relatada apresenta contribuições teóricas e práticas para a validação do modelo e replicação para instituições semelhantes e demais organizações sem finalidades lucrativas.
Michael Squire (ed.) (2016). Sight and the Ancient Senses. The Senses in Antiquity. London/New York: Routledge. 313 pp.
Authors: Calabrese Claudio César
Published: June 2018

Michael Squire (ed.) (2016). Sight and the Ancient Senses. The Senses in Antiquity. London/New York: Routledge. 313 pp.
La mediación ética en la esfera privada de la Filosofía del Derecho hegeliana
Authors: Assalone Eduardo
Published: June 2018

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de ciertas instituciones fundamentales para la mediación entre el Estado y la sociedad civil, según los Principios de la Filosofía del Derecho de Hegel. Dicho análisis se limita a la esfera privada de la sociedad civil, y por ello se explica especialmente el carácter mediador del sistema de las necesidades, de los estamentos sociales y de la corporación. Se aborda la sociedad civil hegeliana desde el punto de vista del interés privado y, consecuentemente, se analiza, en primer lugar, el sistema de las necesidades y, en segundo lugar, la corporación. El análisis del sistema de las necesidades conduce a desarrollar la mediación del trabajo, de los estamentos sociales y del papel que cumplen en la sociedad civil la administración de justicia y la “policía”, de acuerdo con la Rechtsphilosophie hegeliana. Por su parte, la presentación de la corporación como mediación ética en la esfera privada, lleva a explicar el tipo de reconocimiento intersubjetivo que se produce en este ámbito, así como también la dimensión política intrínseca a la práctica corporativa.
Evaluation of changes in streamflow and the underlying causes: a perspective of an upstream catchment in Haihe River basin, China
Authors: Wan Sicheng , Zhang Jianyun , Wang Guoqing , Zhang Lu , Cheng Lei , Elmahdi Amgad , Liu Yanli
Published: June 2018

Investigating long-term streamflow changes pattern and its response to climate and human factors is of crucial significance to understand the hydrological cycle under a changing environment. Caijiazhuang catchment located within Haihe River basin, north China was selected as the study area. To detect the trend and changes in streamflow, Mann–Kendall test was used. Elasticity and hydrological simulation methods were applied to assess the relative contribution of climate change and human activities on streamflow variability under three periods (baseline (1958–1977), impact I (1978–1997), and impact II (1998–2012)). The long-term hydro-climatic variables experienced substantial changes during the whole study period, and 1977 was the breaking year of streamflow change. Attribution analysis using the two methods showed consistent results: for impact I, climate change impacts explained 65% and 68% of streamflow reduction; however for impact II, it only represented 49% and 56% of streamflow reduction. This result indicated that human activities were intensifying over time. Various types of human activities presented significant effects on streamflow regimes including volumes and hydrographs. The findings of this paper could provide better insights of hydrological evolution and would thus assist water managers in sustainably managing and providing water use strategies under a changing environment.
Pretreatment of spiramycin fermentation residue using hyperthermophilic digestion: quick startup and performance
Authors: Awad Mohammed , Tian Zhe , Gao Yingxin , Yang Min , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of hyperthermophilic anaerobic digestion at 70 °C in the pretreatment of spiramycin fermentation residue. By feeding municipal excess sludge under a solid retention time of 5 days, the hyperthermophilic digester was successfully started up within 3 days from mesophilic digestion by a one-step temperature increase from 35 to 70 °C. MiSeq sequencing showed the fast establishment of thermophilic fermenting bacterial communities in 3 days immediately after the temperature increase, with increases in abundance of Coprothermobacter, Spirochaetaceae_uncultured and Fervidobacterium from <0.001%, 1.06% and <0.001% to 33.77%, 11.65% and 3.42%, respectively. The feasibility of hyperthermophilic digestion for spiramycin residue was evaluated in batch experiments for 7 days. Hyperthermophilic digestion considerably reduced antibiotic concentrations, with removal efficiencies of 55.3% and 99.0% for the spiramycin residue alone and its mixture with hyperthermophilic sludge, respectively. At the same time, the abundances of four macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance genes were also reduced within 7 days, due to the decrease of their corresponding hosts. These results suggest that hyperthermophilic digestion could easily be started up from mesophilic digestion and might be a suitable pretreatment approach for spiramycin residue.
Outdoor flat-panel membrane photobioreactor to treat the effluent of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. Influence of operating, design, and environmental conditions
Authors: González-Camejo J. , Barat R. , Ruano M. V. , Seco A. , Ferrer J.
Published: June 2018

As microalgae have the ability to simultaneously remove nutrients from wastewater streams while producing valuable biomass, microalgae-based wastewater treatment is a win–win strategy. Although recent advances have been made in this field in lab conditions, the transition to outdoor conditions on an industrial scale must be further investigated. In this work an outdoor pilot-scale membrane photobioreactor plant was operated for tertiary sewage treatment. The effects of different parameters on microalgae performance were studied including: temperature, light irradiance (solar and artificial irradiance), hydraulic retention time (HRT), biomass retention time (BRT), air sparging system and influent nutrient concentration. In addition the competition between microalgae and ammonium oxidising bacteria for ammonium was also evaluated. Maximum nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates of 12.5 ± 4.2 mgN·L−1·d−1 and 1.5 ± 0.4 mgP·L−1·d−1, respectively, were achieved at a BRT of 4.5 days and HRT of 2.5 days, while a maximum biomass productivity of 78 ± 13 mgVSS·L−1·d−1 (VSS: volatile suspended solids) was reached. While the results obtained so far are promising, they need to be improved to make the transition to industrial scale operations feasible.
Treponema, Iron and Neurodegeneration
Authors: Jolivet-Gougeon A. , Bonnaure-Mallet M.
Published: June 2018

Spirochetes are suspected to be linked to the genesis of neurological diseases, including neurosyphillis
or neurodegeneration (ND). Impaired iron homeostasis has been implicated in loss of function in
several enzymes requiring iron as a cofactor, formation of toxic oxidative species, inflammation and elevated
production of beta-amyloid proteins. This review proposes to discuss the link that may exist between
the involvement of Treponema spp. in the genesis or worsening of ND, and iron dyshomeostasis.
Proteins secreted by Treponema can act directly on iron metabolism, with hemin binding ability (HbpA
and HbpB) and iron reductase able to reduce the central ferric iron of hemin, iron-containing proteins
(rubredoxin, neelaredoxin, desulfoferrodoxin metalloproteins, bacterioferritins etc). Treponema can also
interact with cellular compounds, especially plasma proteins involved in iron metabolism, contributing to
the virulence of the syphilis spirochetes (e.g. treponemal motility and survival). Fibronectin, transferrin
and lactoferrin were also shown to be receptors for treponemal adherence to host cells and extracellular
matrix. Association between Treponema and iron binding proteins results in iron accumulation and
sequestration by Treponema from host macromolecules during systemic and mucosal infections.
Fertility Drugs and Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Ali Aus Tariq
Published: June 2018

The aetiology of ovarian cancer is multifactorial with both endogenous and exogenous
risk factors playing an important role. The exact pathogenesis of ovarian cancer is still not well understood,
despite the number of hypotheses published. Due to an increase in the number of women
using fertility drugs, much attention has been focused on the long-term health effects of such drugs.
Although fertility drugs facilitate the ovulation process, it is however associated with a significant
increase in hormone concentrations, placing exposed women at increased risk of gynaecological
cancer. Many clinical and epidemiological studies have examined the association between fertility
drugs and ovarian cancer risk. Results from these studies have been contradictory, as some studies
have reported an increased risk of ovarian cancer while others reported no increased risk. Nevertheless,
recent studies have shown that women who used fertility drugs and did not conceive had a
higher risk of developing ovarian cancer, compared to women who used fertility drugs and conceived
and delivered successfully. This review discusses the effect of fertility drugs on the risk of
developing ovarian cancer, providing details on four possible scenarios associated with fertility
treatment. In addition, the limitations of previous studies and their impact on our understanding of
the association between fertility drugs and ovarian cancer have also been highlighted.
Oncolytic Tanapoxvirus Expressing Interleukin-2 is Capable of Inducing the Regression of Human Melanoma Tumors in the Absence of T Cells
Authors: Zhang Tiantian , Kordish Dennis H. , Suryawanshi Yogesh R. , Eversole Rob R. , Kohler Steven , Mackenzie Charles D. , Essani Karim
Published: June 2018

Background:

Oncolytic viruses (OVs), which preferentially infect cancer cells and induce
host anti-tumor immune responses, have emerged as an effective melanoma therapy. Tanapoxvirus
(TANV), which possesses a large genome and causes mild self-limiting disease in humans, is potentially
an ideal OV candidate. Interleukin-2 (IL-2), a T-cell growth factor, plays a critical role in activating
T cells, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages in both the innate and adaptive immune system.

Objective:

We aimed to develop a recombinant TANV expressing mouse IL-2 (TANVΔ66R/mIL-
2), replacing the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene (66R) with the mouse (m) mIL-2 transgene resulting
in TANVΔ66R/mIL-2.

Methods:

Human melanoma tumors were induced in female athymic nude mice by injecting SKMEL-
3 cells subcutaneously. Mice were treated with an intratumoral injection of viruses when the
tumor volumes reached 45 ± 4.5 mm3.

Results:

In cell culture, expression of IL-2 attenuated virus replication of not only TANVΔ66R/
mIL-2, but also TANVGFP. It was demonstrated that IL-2 inhibited virus replication through intracellular
components and without activating the interferon-signaling pathway. Introduction of mIL-2
into TANV remarkably increased its anti-tumor activity, resulting in a more significant regression
than with wild-type (wt) TANV and TANVΔ66R. Histopathological studies showed that extensive
cell degeneration with a significantly increased peri-tumor accumulation of mononuclear cells in the
tumors treated with TANVΔ66R/mIL-2, compared to wtTANV or TANVΔ66R.

Conclusion:

We conclude that TANVΔ66R/mIL-2 is potentially therapeutic for human melanomas in the absence of T cells, and IL-2 expression resulted in an overall increase of therapeutic efficacy.