bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valproic Acid Induces Endocytosis-Mediated Doxorubicin Internalization and Shows Synergistic Cytotoxic Effects in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Saha Subbroto , Yin Yingfu , Kim Kyeongseok , Yang Gwang-Mo , Dayem Ahmed , Choi Hye , Cho Ssang-Goo
Published: May 2017

Valproic acid (VPA), a well-known histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, is used as an anti-cancer drug for various cancers, but the synergistic anti-cancer effect of VPA and doxorubicin (DOX) combination treatment and its potential underlying mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated. Here, we evaluate the mono- and combination-therapy effects of VPA and DOX in HCC and identify a specific and efficient, synergistic anti-proliferative effect of the VPA and DOX combination in HCC cells, especially HepG2 cells; this effect was not apparent in MIHA cells, a normal hepatocyte cell line. The calculation of the coefficient of drug interaction confirmed the significant synergistic effect of the combination treatment. Concurrently, the synergistic apoptotic cell death caused by the VPA and DOX combination treatment was confirmed by Hoechst nuclear staining and Western blot analysis of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation. Co-treatment with VPA and DOX enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and autophagy, which were clearly attenuated by ROS and autophagy inhibitors, respectively. Furthermore, as an indication of the mechanism underlying the synergistic effect, we observed that DOX internalization, which was induced in the VPA and DOX combination-treated group, occurred via by the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway. Taken together, our study uncovered the potential effect of the VPA and DOX combination treatment with regard to cell death, including induction of cellular ROS, autophagy, and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway. Therefore, these results present novel implications in drug delivery research for the treatment of HCC.
Specific MicroRNA Pattern in Colon Tissue of Young Children with Eosinophilic Colitis
Authors: Kiss Zoltán , Béres Nóra , Sziksz Erna , Tél Bálint , Borka Katalin , Arató András , Szabó Attila , Veres Gábor
Published: May 2017

Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a common cause of haematochezia in infants and young children. The exact pathomechanism is not understood, and the diagnosis is challenging. The role of microRNAs as key class of regulators of mRNA expression and translation in patients with EC has not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the miRNA profile in EC with respect to eosinophilic inflammation. Patients enrolled in the study (n = 10) had persistent rectal bleeding, and did not respond to elimination dietary treatment. High-throughput microRNA sequencing was carried out on colonic biopsy specimens of children with EC (EC: n = 4) and controls (C: n = 4) as a preliminary screening of the miRNA profile. Based on the next-generation sequencing (NGS) results and literature data, a potentially relevant panel of miRNAs were selected for further measurements by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (EC: n = 14, C: n = 10). Validation by RT-PCR resulted in significantly altered expression of miR-21, -31, -99b, -125a, -146a, -184, -221, -223, and -559 compared to controls (p ≤ 0.05). Elevation in miR-21, -99b, -146a, -221, and -223 showed statistically significant correlation to the extent of tissue eosinophilia. Based on our results, we conclude that the dysregulated miRNAs have a potential role in the regulation of apoptosis by targeting Protein kinase B/Mechanistic target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR)-related pathways in inflammation by modulating Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)-related signalling and eosinophil cell recruitment and activation, mainly by regulating the expression of the chemoattractant eotaxin and the adhesion molecule CD44. Our results could serve as a basis for further extended research exploring the pathomechanism of EC.
A Filter Structure for Arbitrary Re-Sampling Ratio Conversion of a Discrete Signal
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhu Changjian
Published: May 2017

In this report, we studied the sampling synchronization of a discrete signal in the receiver of a communication system and found that the frequency of the received signal usually exhibits some unpredictable deviations. We observed many harmonics caused by the frequency deviations of the discrete received signal. These findings indicate that signal sampling synchronization is an important research technique when using discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) to analyze the harmonics of discrete signals. We investigated the influence of these harmonics on the performance of signal sampling and studied the frequency estimation of the received signal. Based on the frequency estimation of the received signal, the sampling rate of the discrete signal was converted using a modified Farrow filter to achieve sampling synchronization for the received signal. The algorithm discussed here can be applied to sampling synchronization for monitoring and control systems. Finally, simulations and experimental results are presented.
Challenges in Additive Manufacturing of Space Parts: Powder Feedstock Cross-Contamination and Its Impact on End Products
Authors: Brandão Ana , Gerard Romain , Gumpinger Johannes , Beretta Stefano , Makaya Advenit , Pambaguian Laurent , Ghidini Tommaso
Published: May 2017

This work studies the tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V samples produced by laser powder bed based Additive Manufacturing (AM), for different build orientations. The results showed high scattering of the yield and tensile strength and low fracture elongation. The subsequent fractographic investigation revealed the presence of tungsten particles on the fracture surface. Hence, its detection and impact on tensile properties of AM Ti-6Al-4V were investigated. X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) scanning indicated that these inclusions were evenly distributed throughout the samples, however the inclusions area was shown to be larger in the load-bearing plane for the vertical specimens. A microstructural study proved that the mostly spherical tungsten particles were embedded in the fully martensitic Ti-6Al-4V AM material. The particle size distribution, the flowability and the morphology of the powder feedstock were investigated and appeared to be in line with observations from other studies. X-ray CT scanning of the powder however made the high density particles visible, where various techniques, commonly used in the certification of powder feedstock, failed to detect the contaminant. As the detection of cross contamination in the powder feedstock proves to be challenging, the use of only one type of powder per AM equipment is recommended for critical applications such as Space parts.
Relating the Mineralogical Characteristics of Tampakan Ore to Enargite Separation
Authors: Tayebi-Khorami Maedeh , Manlapig Emmanuel , Forbes Elizaveta
Published: May 2017

The mineralogical characteristics of enargite-bearing copper ores from the Tampakan deposit have been investigated as the means to understanding the separation of enargite from other copper sulphides (chalcopyrite and bornite). It was found that a separation of these minerals was possible after grinding the ore samples to a P80 of 90 microns; enargite tends to be ground more readily than the other copper sulphide minerals present in ore samples tested, and consequently, it mostly reported to the fine size fractions.
Na-Montmorillonite Edge Structure and Surface Complexes: An Atomistic Perspective
Authors: Newton Aric G. , Lee Jin-Yong , Kwon Kideok D.
Published: May 2017

The edges of montmorillonite (MMT) react strongly with metals and organic matter, but the atomic structure of the edge and its surface complexes are not unambiguous since the experimental isolation of the edge is challenging. In this study, we introduce an atomistic model of a Na MMT edge that is suitable for classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, in particular for the B edge, a representative edge surface of 2:1 phyllosilicates. Our model possesses the surface groups identified through density functional theory (DFT) geometry optimizations performed with variation in the structural charge deficit and Mg substitution sites. The edge structure of the classical MD simulations agreed well with previous DFT-based MD simulation results. Our MD simulations revealed an extensive H-bond network stabilizing the Na-MMT edge surface, which required an extensive simulation trajectory. Some Na counter ions formed inner-sphere complexes at two edge sites. The stronger edge site coincided with the exposed vacancy in the dioctahedral sheet; a weaker site was associated with the cleaved hexagonal cavity of the tetrahedral sheet. The six-coordinate Na complexes were not directly associated with the Mg edge site. Our simulations have demonstrated the heterogeneous surface structures, the distribution of edge surface groups, and the reactivity of the MMT edge.
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking Analysis, and Carbonic Anhydrase IX Inhibitory Evaluations of Novel N-Substituted-β-d-Glucosamine Derivatives that Incorporate Benzenesulfonamides
Authors: Li Feng-Ran , Fan Zhan-Fang , Qi Su-Jiao , Wang Yan-Shi , Wang Jian , Liu Yang , Cheng Mao-Sheng
Published: May 2017

A series of novel N-substituted-β-d-glucosamine derivatives that incorporate benzenesulfonamides were designed using a fragment-based drug design strategy. Each derivative was synthesized and evaluated in vitro for its inhibitory activity against human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) IX; several derivatives displayed desirable potency profiles against this enzyme. The molecular docking studies provided the design rationale and predicted potential binding modes for carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX and three target compounds, including the most potent inhibitor, compound 7f (IC50 = 10.01 nM). Moreover, the calculated Log P (cLog P) values showed that all the compounds tended to be hydrophilic. In addition, topological polar surface area (TPSA) value-based predictions highlighted the selectivity of these carbohydrate-based inhibitors for membrane-associated CA IX.
Photoactive Hybrid Catalysts Based on Natural and Synthetic Polymers: A Comparative Overview
Authors: Colmenares Juan , Kuna Ewelina
Published: May 2017

In the present review, we would like to draw the reader’s attention to the polymer-based hybrid materials used in photocatalytic processes for efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water. These inorganic–organic materials exhibit unique physicochemical properties due to the synergistic effect originating from the combination of individual elements, i.e., photosensitive metal oxides and polymeric supports. The possibility of merging the structural elements of hybrid materials allows for improving photocatalytic performance through (1) an increase in the light-harvesting ability; (2) a reduction in charge carrier recombination; and (3) prolongation of the photoelectron lifetime. Additionally, the great majority of polymer materials exhibit a high level of resistance against ultraviolet irradiation and improved corrosion resistance. Taking into account that the chemical and environmental stability of the hybrid catalyst depends, to a great extent, on the functional support, we highlight benefits and drawbacks of natural and synthetic polymer-based photocatalytic materials and pay special attention to the fact that the accessibility of synthetic polymeric materials derived from petroleum may be impeded due to decreasing amounts of crude oil. Thus, it is necessary to look for cheap and easily available raw materials like natural polymers that come from, for instance, lignocellulosic wastes or crustacean residues to meet the demand of the “plastic” market.
Encapsulation of 16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-Dine-16,15-Olide in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a Natural Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Potentiated Hypoglycemia in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Huang Po-Kai , Lin Shi-Xiang , Tsai May-Jywan , Leong Max , Lin Shian-Ren , Kankala Ranjith , Lee Chia-Hung , Weng Ching-Feng
Published: May 2017

Natural supplements comprise good efficacy with less adverse effects as against diabetic therapy, but their advancement as anti-diabetic agents is unsatisfactory with regard to the delivery system. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4)/CD26) can degrade glucagon-like pepetide-1 (GLP-1) which renders a decrease of blood glucose levels. 16-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dine-16,15-olide (HCD) extracted from Polyalthia longifolia, exhibits numerous medicinal potentials including hypoglycemic potential. On consideration of HCD application, the bioavailability is affected by low solubility. Extended experiments of anti-diabetic efficacy confirmed HCD biocompatible with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) encapsulation resulted in a sustained release property in delivering HCD for the inhibition of DPP4 via the activity and protein levels of DPP4 analysis. In the enzymatic activity assay, MSN-HCD directly changed DPP4 activity. Moreover, MSN-HCD nanoparticles were treated with Caco-2 cells and the protein levels of DPP4 determined within the cells. The results revealed that MSN-HCD caused reduction of DPP4 activity in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Orally administered MSN-HCD in diet-induced diabetic mice alleviated blood glucose via an oral glucose tolerance test. In addition, administration of MSN-HCD for five weeks revealed that the biochemical cues such as pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (CHO), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in mice were commendable as further confirmation of MSN-HCD efficacy and less adverse effects in down-regulation of hyperglycemia. Furthermore, this formulation effectively controlled blood glucose and significantly decreased the body weight of mice, suggesting that MSN-HCD exerts natural DPP4 inhibitor as a potential clinical drug for the treatment of diabetes.
Snow Disaster Early Warning in Pastoral Areas of Qinghai Province, China
Authors: Gao Jinlong , Huang Xiaodong , Ma Xiaofang , Feng Qisheng , Liang Tiangang , Xie Hongjie
Published: May 2017

It is important to predict snow disasters to prevent and reduce hazards in pastoral areas. In this study, we build a potential risk assessment model based on a logistic regression of 33 snow disaster events that occurred in Qinghai Province. A simulation model of the snow disaster early warning is established using a back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) method and is then validated. The results show: (1) the potential risk of a snow disaster in the Qinghai Province is mainly determined by five factors. Three factors are positively associated, the maximum snow depth, snow-covered days (SCDs), and slope, and two are negative factors, annual mean temperature and per capita gross domestic product (GDP); (2) the key factors that contribute to the prediction of a snow disaster are (from the largest to smallest contribution): the mean temperature, probability of a spring snow disaster, potential risk of a snow disaster, continual days of a mean daily temperature below −5 °C, and fractional snow-covered area; and (3) the BP-ANN model for an early warning of snow disaster is a practicable predictive method with an overall accuracy of 80%. This model has quite a few advantages over previously published models, such as it is raster-based, has a high resolution, and has an ideal capacity of generalization and prediction. The model output not only tells which county has a disaster (published models can) but also tells where and the degree of damage at a 500 m pixel scale resolution (published models cannot).
Low-Cost Nested-MIMO Array for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Applications
Authors: Zhang Duo , Wu Wen , Fang Dagang , Wang Wenqin , Cui Can
Published: May 2017

In modern communication and radar applications, large-scale sensor arrays have increasingly been used to improve the performance of a system. However, the hardware cost and circuit power consumption scale linearly with the number of sensors, which makes the whole system expensive and power-hungry. This paper presents a low-cost nested multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) array, which is capable of providing O ( 2 N 2 ) degrees of freedom (DOF) with O ( N ) physical sensors. The sensor locations of the proposed array have closed-form expressions. Thus, the aperture size and number of DOF can be predicted as a function of the total number of sensors. Additionally, with the help of time-sequence-phase-weighting (TSPW) technology, only one receiver channel is required for sampling the signals received by all of the sensors, which is conducive to reducing the hardware cost and power consumption. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed array.
Development of Data Registration and Fusion Methods for Measurement of Ultra-Precision Freeform Surfaces
Authors: Kong Ling , Ren Ming , Xu Min
Published: May 2017

The measurement of ultra-precision freeform surfaces commonly requires several datasets from different sensors to realize holistic measurements with high efficiency. The effectiveness of the technology heavily depends on the quality of the data registration and fusion in the measurement process. This paper presents methods and algorithms to address these issues. An intrinsic feature pattern is proposed to represent the geometry of the measured datasets so that the registration of the datasets in 3D space is casted as a feature pattern registration problem in a 2D plane. The accuracy of the overlapping area is further improved by developing a Gaussian process based data fusion method with full consideration of the associated uncertainties in the measured datasets. Experimental studies are undertaken to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. The study should contribute to the high precision and efficient measurement of ultra-precision freeform surfaces on multi-sensor systems.
Wireless Sensor Network-Based Service Provisioning by a Brokering Platform
Authors: Guijarro Luis , Pla Vicent , Vidal Jose , Naldi Maurizio , Mahmoodi Toktam
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a business model for providing services based on the Internet of Things through a platform that intermediates between human users and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The platform seeks to maximize its profit through posting both the price charged to each user and the price paid to each WSN. A complete analysis of the profit maximization problem is performed in this paper. We show that the service provider maximizes its profit by incentivizing all users and all Wireless Sensor Infrastructure Providers (WSIPs) to join the platform. This is true not only when the number of users is high, but also when it is moderate, provided that the costs that the users bear do not trespass a cost ceiling. This cost ceiling depends on the number of WSIPs, on the value of the intrinsic value of the service and on the externality that the WSIP has on the user utility.
Determinants of Plate Leftovers in One German Catering Company
Authors: Lorenz Bettina , Hartmann Monika , Hirsch Stefan , Kanz Olga , Langen Nina
Published: May 2017

Since the majority of food waste in high-income countries occurs at the consumption stage and given the clear trend towards out-of-home food consumption, it is important to understand the factors that lead to food waste in the hospitality sector. The present study uses a behavioral structural equation model to test the drivers of consumers’ leftover behavior in an out-of-home setting. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, we additionally consider “personal norms” and the situational “taste perception” of food as determinants. Our results in a company canteen demonstrate that personal norms and attitudes greatly determine consumers’ intention to prevent leftovers, whereas subjective norms and perceived behavioral control appear less relevant. Stated leftover behavior depends on both behavioral intention and the situational taste perception of food. We show that in order to understand individual food leftover behavior in an out-of-home setting, determinants from behavioral theories should be complemented by situational variables.
Treelines—Approaches at Different Scales
Authors: Holtmeier Friedrich-Karl , Broll Gabriele
Published: May 2017

Scales in treeline research depend on the objectives and must match the underlying natural processes. Factors and processes at one scale may not be as important at another scale. In the global view, the number of factors influencing climatic treeline position can be reduced to the effects of heat deficiency. Emphasis, however, should be laid on differentiation of the treeline by their regionally and locally varying physiognomy, diversity, spatial and temporal features, and heterogeneity. An assessment of the relative importance of the factors shaping regional/local treeline physiognomy, spatial patterns, and dynamics should have priority. This can be achieved only by syndisciplinary research. Such studies are indispensable for assessing treeline response to climate change at the regional and landscape scales.
Open Innovation in Value Chain for Sustainability of Firms
Authors: Yun JinHyo Joseph , Yigitcanlar Tan
Published: May 2017

This piece serves as the guest editorial of the Special Issue on the ‘Open Innovation in Value Chain for Sustainability of Firms’. Firstly, this editorial piece asks whether it is possible for firms to sustain their performance forever. Then, it reviews the popular literature on the value chain. Afterwards, it develops a research framework for open innovation in the value chain, and proposes five ways of open innovation taking place within it. These include user open innovation, customer open innovation, common profit community, together growth community, and inner open innovation. Lastly, this editorial introduces articles from the Special Issue that concentrate on the various open innovation perspectives for firms to achieve sustainability.
A Conceptual Modeling Approach to Health-Related Urban Well-Being
Authors: Von Szombathely Malte , Albrecht Myriam , Antanaskovic Dejan , Augustin Jobst , Augustin Matthias , Bechtel Benjamin , Bürk Thomas , Fischereit Jana , Grawe David , Hoffmann Peter , Kaveckis Giedrius , Krefis Anne , Oßenbrügge Jürgen , Scheffran Jürgen , Schlünzen K.
Published: May 2017

In cities, social well-being faces obstacles posed by globalization, demographic and climate change, new forms of social organization, and the fragmentation of lifestyles. These changes affect the vulnerability of city societies and impact their health-related urban well-being (UrbWellth). The conceptual model introduced in this paper systematizes the relevant variables while considering previous research, and establishes the target value UrbWellth. The model differs from existing approaches mainly in the analytical distinctions it suggests. These allow us to group the relevant urban influence variables into four sectors and enable a more general and abstract consideration of health-related urban relations. The introduction of vulnerability as a filter and transfer function acts as an effect modifier between UrbWellth and the various urban variables.
Time for Fluid Acumen: A Call for Improved Tourism Studies Dialogue With the Decolonizing World
Authors: Hollinshead Keith , Suleman Rukeya
Published: May 2017

This article draws from the work of recent commentators in Tourism Studies like Coles, Hall, and Duval (calling for much more prevalent adisciplinary/extradisciplinary cognition in Tourism Studies), like Franklin (demanding much more commonplace critique of the ways in which
different societies are ordered), and like Hollinshead (bemoaning the general absence of open-to-the-future research agendas in and across the field). The article aims to consolidate the advances signposted by such new wave/ new sense social theorists by drawing up a substantial
conceptual glossary to help Tourism Studies researchers (and investigators in related fields) towards improved identification about the cosmologies of "other," "distant," or "underrecognized" populations, and towards more pertinent research agendas into the strategies of power that represent
the cultural warrants and the aspirations of "different" peoples. In seeking in particular to develop an informed and contextualized lexicon on matters of decolonization vis-à-vis the political and communicative reach of tourism, the glossary focuses upon terms and concepts that pertain
to the fantasmatics of populations (i.e., to the cherished emic aspirations of being and becoming that propel particular "distant"/"marginalized"/"postcolonial" societies). Hopefully, the provision of the glossary shown here can help improve the conceptual manner by which the consequential
power/agency of tourism is understood today in terms of its authority to inscribe and project decolonizing societies and so-called postcolonial scenarios. The glossary being introduced within the article is itself drawn from a larger work in progress lexicon consisting of some 500 words (plus),
which the authors are defining in long-haul fashion to variously describe the old sense/the wrong sense/the new sense/the open sense fantasmatics of populations. The overall more substantial glossary includes terms and concepts: on cosmology (deep listening, the indigenous renaissance,
new nativism, quilted discourse, spiral discourse); on being and belonging (borderland pedagogy, conscientization, healing, fluid lives, complex personhood); on othering and otherness (governable bodies, hierarchies of knowledge, epistemic closure, linguicide, psychic violence);
on imperialist/colonialist/neocolonialist understanding (rhetorical imperialism, master narratives, canonicity, cognitive imperialism, ascriptive identities); on fantasmatics [restorative processes, survivancy, the possibility of (XYZ), capacity, transgressive validities]; on
new sense understandings (the dialectics of negotiation, the denaturalization of truth, interculturality, dethinking, the power of possibility).
Connective Intelligence for childhood mathematics education
Authors: Novo María-Luisa , Alsina Ángel , Marbán José-María , Berciano Ainhoa
Published: May 2017

The construction of a connective brain begins at the earliest ages of human development. However, knowledge about individual and collective brains provided so far by research has been rarely incorporated into Maths in Early Childhood classrooms. In spite of that, it is obvious that it is at these ages when the learning of mathematics acts as a nuclear element for decision- making, problem -solving, data- processing and the understanding of the world. From that perspective, this research aims to analyse the mathematics teaching-learning process at early ages based on connectionism, with the specific objectives being, on the one hand, to determine the features of mathematics practices which promote connections and, on the other hand, to identify different types of mathematics connections to enhance connective intelligence. The research was carried out over two consecutive academic years under an interpretative paradigm with a methodological approach combining Action Research and Grounded Theory. The results obtained allow the characterization of a prototype of a didactic sequence that promotes three types of mathematics connections for the development of connective intelligence in young children: conceptual, giving rise to links between mathematics concepts; teaching, linking mathematics concepts through an active methodology, and practical ones connecting maths with the environment.

La construcción de un cerebro conectivo comienza en las edades más tempranas del desarrollo humano. Sin embargo, el conocimiento que ya se tiene sobre los cerebros individual y colectivo apenas se ha incorporado en el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático en Educación Infantil, donde comienzan a gestarse elementos clave para tomar decisiones, resolver problemas de la vida cotidiana, tratar con datos y comprender el entorno. Desde esta perspectiva la presente investigación marca como objetivo general analizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de las matemáticas en Educación Infantil a partir del conexionismo, considerando como objetivos específicos, por un lado, determinar las características de una práctica matemática que promueva las conexiones y, por otro lado, identificar los distintos tipos de conexiones matemáticas para fomentar la inteligencia conectiva. La investigación se lleva a cabo a lo largo de dos años consecutivos bajo un paradigma interpretativo con un enfoque metodológico basado en el uso combinado de Investigación-Acción y Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados han permitido concretar un prototipo de actividad o conjunto de actividades que, en forma de secuencia didáctica, promueve tres tipos de conexiones matemáticas para desarrollar la inteligencia conectiva en Educación Infantil: conceptuales, que producen nexos entre contenidos matemáticos diversos; docentes, que vinculan diversos conceptos matemáticos a través de una metodología activa y de vivenciar las experiencias matemáticas con otras materias; y prácticas, que relacionan las matemáticas con el entorno.
The cognitive processing of an educational app with EEG and ’Eye Tracking’
Authors: Cuesta-Cambra Ubaldo , Niño-González José-Ignacio , Rodríguez-Terceño José
Published: May 2017

The use of apps in education is becoming more frequent. However, the mechanisms of attention and processing of their contents and their consequences in learning have not been sufficiently studied. The objective of this work is to analyze how information is processed and learned and how visual attention takes place. It also investigates the existence of gender differences. The responses to 15 images are analyzed using 'Eye Tracking' and EEG in a sample of 22 young students. The recall and liking of the stimuli is also analyzed. The characteristics of the images are evaluated by experts. The results indicate that there is a different pattern of visual activity between men and women which does not affect subsequent recall. The recall is determined by the emotional value of the image and its simplicity: more complex images demand more time of visual fixation but are less remembered. EEG responses confirm the importance of the playful component of the memory and low involvement processing. The conclusion is that the behavior against an app of this type resembles the low commitment behavior of advertising itself. Finally, some considerations for the app content design are proposed.

El empleo de apps en educación es cada vez más frecuente. Sin embargo, no se han estudiado suficientemente los mecanismos de atención y procesamiento de sus contenidos y sus consecuencias en el aprendizaje. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se procesa y aprende la información y qué tipo de atención visual se le presta. También se investiga la posible existencia de diferencias de género. Sobre un total de 22 jóvenes se analizan las respuestas de «Eye Tracking» y electroencefalograma (EEG) frente a 15 estímulos de una app de educación en salud. También se analiza el recuerdo y agrado de los estímulos por parte de los sujetos. Las características de las imágenes son evaluadas por expertos. Los resultados indican que existe un patrón de actividad visual diferente entre hombres y mujeres el cual no incide sobre el recuerdo posterior. El recuerdo viene determinado por el valor emocional de la imagen y su simplicidad: las imágenes más complejas absorben más tiempo de fijación visual pero son recordadas menos. Las respuestas del EEG confirman la importancia del aspecto lúdico sobre el recuerdo. La conclusión es que la conducta frente a una app de este tipo se asemeja a la conducta de bajo compromiso propio de la publicidad.
Communication efficiency in education: Increasing emotions and storytelling
Authors: Ferrés Joan , Masanet Maria-Jose
Published: May 2017

The research supporting this paper addresses the problem of educational communication efficacy using a dual methodology strategy. Over 1.200 questionnaires were given out to professionals in four institutions dedicated to persuasive communication; two traditional ?the church and schools? and two more recently created ? journalism and advertising. Probably they are the four groups with more socialising force in the last centuries; For this paper the educators’ responses were specifically analysed to determine their conception of the communication process and the requirements for effective communication, and these were compared with those from the other groups, especially from advertising professionals. Lastly, all the responses were compared to contributions from neuroscience that have been made in recent decades about how the human mind functions, particularly with regards to decision-making, to determine which communication proposals provide a greater guarantee of efficacy. The results indicate the need for educators to break away from a strictly cognitive polarized communication that focuses on transmission. They are more related with guaranteeing the supply than creating a demand, and open up to the communicative potential of emotions, interaction and storytelling.

En la investigación que da pie a estas páginas se aborda la problemática de la eficacia de la comunicación educativa mediante una doble estrategia metodológica. Se administraron más de 1.200 cuestionarios a profesionales de cuatro instituciones dedicadas a la comunicación persuasiva, dos tradicionales, la iglesia y la escuela, y dos de creación más reciente, el periodismo y la publicidad. Probablemente son los cuatro colectivos con más fuerza socializadora en los últimos siglos. Para este artículo se analizaron de manera especial las respuestas de los educadores en torno a la concepción de los procesos comunicativos y a los requisitos necesarios para la eficacia comunicativa, y se compararon con las de los demás colectivos, sobre todo con las de los profesionales de la publicidad. Finalmente se confrontaron todas estas respuestas con algunas aportaciones que se han hecho desde la neurociencia durante las últimas décadas en torno al funcionamiento de la mente humana, especialmente en relación con la toma de decisiones, para ver qué propuestas comunicativas ofrecen una mayor garantía de eficacia. Del conjunto de los resultados se desprende para los educadores la necesidad de superar una comunicación polarizada estrictamente en lo cognitivo, centrada en la transmisión, más preocupada por garantizar la oferta que por crear una demanda, y la de abrirse a las potencialidades comunicativas de la emoción, de la interacción y del storytelling.
Music and its significance in children favourite audiovisuals
Authors: Porta-Navarro Amparo , Herrera Lucía
Published: May 2017

Audiovisual media are part of children´s daily life. They build and/or replace a part of the reality that is sometimes preceded. This paper is interested in one of the elements of the audiovisual binomial, the soundtrack, in order to analyse its meaning and sense from the children’s point of view. The objectives are: to determine if the audiovisual media clips to which children are exposed (sound, image and all) are perceived differently; to establish the possible differences in the assessment they make when comparing the sound and image presentation modalities. Fourteen audiovisual media (movies, series, cartoons and documentaries) were identified by 115 children (10-12 years old) as preferred. Audiovisuals were edited in three modalities (sound, image, and all) and grouped into different series of three clips, which were watched in group sessions by 547 Spanish and Argentinian children (mean age: 11 years old). An Assessment Questionnaire of audiovisual clips was designed and implemented. Results showed differences in the meaning of the soundtrack in three of the five categories of the questionnaire. The significant predominance of the sound in series, documentaries and, especially, movies is highlighted. Contextual space-time elements, affective implications, feelings, and empathy as well as assessment of the experience are all perceived by means of the sound (the music).

Los audiovisuales forman parte de la vida cotidiana de la infancia, construyendo con ellos una parte de la realidad que muchas veces se anticipa y otras sustituye. Este artículo se interesa por una de las partes del binomio audiovisual, la banda sonora, con la finalidad de conocer su significado y sentido desde la propia interpretación infantil. Sus objetivos son determinar si los niños perciben de modo diferente los clips audiovisuales a los que son expuestos (sonido, imagen y todo); establecer las posibles diferencias en la valoración que realizan comparando las modalidades de presentación sonido e imagen. Se identificaron 14 audiovisuales preferidos (películas, series, dibujos animados y reportajes) por parte de 115 niños de 10 a 12 años. Fueron editados en tres modalidades (solo sonido, solo imagen y todo) y agrupados en series de tres clips, que fueron visionados en sesiones grupales por 547 niños, españoles y argentinos, con una edad media de 11 años. Se diseñó y utilizó un cuestionario de valoración de clips audiovisuales. Los resultados mostraron diferencias sobre el significado de la banda sonora en tres de las cinco categorías del cuestionario, destacando el predominio significativo del sonido en series, reportajes y, de manera destacada, en películas. Se perciben por el sonido (la música) elementos contextuales espacio-tiempo, la implicación afectiva, sentimientos y empatía así como la valoración de la experiencia.
Promoting adolescents’ moral advertising literacy in Secondary Education
Authors: Adams Britt , Schellens Tammy , Valcke Martin
Published: May 2017

Minors are daily confronted with advertisements, which are occasionally controversial. In order to promote adolescents’ moral advertising literacy, this intervention study explores how to stimulate secondary education students’ knowledge on advertising law and their moral judgement of advertisements. Because a lot of new ?especially online? advertising formats have arisen during the last years, 191 students from 12 classes were randomly assigned to either a no tablet condition or a tablet condition (to raise authenticity of learning material). The results show that students who use tablet devices perform less well on a post-test about advertising law. Regarding adolescents’ moral judgement of advertisements, thematic analyses reveal that especially the use of nudity and feminine beauty are labelled as contentious in both conditions, because of, inter alia, the negative effects for adolescent girls’ self-image and the desire to lose weight. After the intervention, the tablet condition has proven to be more effective in promoting critical thinking about nudity/feminine beauty in advertisements. However, none of the conditions did provide evidence that a critical attitude towards alcohol advertising is encouraged. In this regard, implications for future research in the context of advertising literacy education are discussed.

Los menores de edad se enfrentan diariamente a anuncios que pueden resultar polémicos. Con el fin de promover la alfabetización ética en publicidad en los adolescentes, este estudio explora cómo estimular el conocimiento de los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria acerca de la ley de publicidad y su juicio moral hacia los anuncios. A raíz de los formatos de publicidad ?especialmente online– que han surgido en los últimos años, 191 estudiantes de 12 clases fueron asignados aleatoriamente a una de estas condiciones: uso o no uso de tablets (para aumentar la autenticidad del material de aprendizaje). Los resultados muestran que el desempeño en el post-test sobre la ley de publicidad de los estudiantes que usaron tablet es peor. En cuanto al juicio moral de los adolescentes sobre los anuncios, el análisis temático revela que especialmente el uso de la desnudez y la belleza femenina resultan polémicos en ambas condiciones, debido, entre otros motivos, a los efectos negativos para la autoestima de las adolescentes y al deseo de perder peso. Tras la intervención, el uso de tablets ha demostrado ser más eficaz para promover el pensamiento crítico hacia la desnudez y la belleza femenina en los anuncios. Sin embargo, no se hallaron evidencias de que alguna de las dos condiciones favorezca el desarrollo de una actitud crítica hacia la publicidad del alcohol. En este sentido, se plantean futuras líneas de investigación en el contexto de la alfabetización publicitaria.
Les troubles de l’opposition chez le bébé et le jeune enfant : question pertinente ou impertinente ?
Authors: Le Nestour Annick
Published: May 2017

L’auteur réfute l’idée des troubles de l’opposition chez le bébé. Il traite ensuite de l’affirmation et de l’individualisation de la pensée du jeune enfant par l’énonciation du « Non ». Elles traduisent une intégration de sa propre autonomisation psychique. Ses initiatives, ses créations et réalisations développementales ne sont pas en général des oppositions à ses parents. Sa détresse, voire sa rage de ne pas réussir ses projets témoignent de ses frustrations pour devenir « grand » et non pas d’oppositions « préméditées » contre ses parents. Mais quand elles sont ainsi interprétées, trop de soumission ou d’inféodation pèsent sur lui, des troubles durables de l’opposition peuvent s’inscrire dans des conflits ingérables avec ses parents. L’hypothèse principale de ce texte réside dans l’absence de résolution transgénerationnelle des parents eux-mêmes dans leur histoire infantile où a prédominé l’inattention affective, la révolte ou la soumission, souvent profondément enfouies en eux.
De l’accordage affectif à l’interprétation. Tendance antisociale et troubles oppositionnels avec provocation
Authors: Diatkine Gilbert , Maffioli Marta
Published: May 2017

Les troubles oppositionnels avec provocation de l’enfant peuvent s’observer dès la crèche ou l’école maternelle. Ils nécessitent un traitement institutionnel et individuel pour éviter qu’ils ne se transforment plus tard en un trouble de la conduite irréversible. Quelques séances de la psychothérapie d’un enfant atteint de ce type de troubles sont rapportées entre 3 et 5 ans.
S’opposer pour un oui ou pour un non  ? L’histoire des enfants accueillis en itep
Authors: Georgelin Mélanie
Published: May 2017

Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de partager notre expérience de psychologue en itep pour enfants et de l’aborder avec P. Ricoeur, pour qui la narrativité est l’essence même de l’humain. Notre hypothèse est que les troubles du comportement, et a fortiori les conduites d’opposition, sont autant d’expressions d’une narrativité troublée, impactée précocement. Les conduites d’opposition, massives en itep , sont transnosographiques et constituent à première vue le point commun entre chaque enfant. Qu’elles soient actives ou passives, individuelles ou groupales, elles sollicitent des questions essentielles relatives à la subjectivité et à l’altérité : la présence et l’absence, le regard et la parole, la solitude et le temps. Nous déplierons ces questions en évoquant plusieurs cas cliniques et nous ouvrirons sur un des possibles destins de l’opposition : le soulèvement.
Le joueur et le rebelle triste
Authors: Duverger Philippe
Published: May 2017

Les attitudes d’opposition à l’adolescence constituent un motif de consultations de pédopsychiatrie de plus en plus fréquent. Mais que sous-tendent ces attitudes d’opposition ? Nous présentons deux histoires d’adolescents. La première, celle de Franck, « le joueur », qui manifeste une opposition à tout ce qui lui est proposé. L’agressivité est majeure mais elle fait lien. Elle s’inscrit dans une histoire développementale, adaptative et apparaît comme réactionnelle et structurante. La deuxième, celle de Kévin, « le rebelle triste », un jeune qui exprime une opposition à tout ce qui le menace. La violence est extrême ; elle vise à rompre le lien. Elle est pathologique. Deux versants bien différents de cette expression d’opposition qu’il est classique de rencontrer et qu’il est important de différencier dans la clinique quotidienne de nos consultations avec des adolescents.
Les significations culturelles et politiques de l’instruction publique québécoise au XIX e siècle
Authors: Bédard Mélanie
Published: May 2017

Jusqu’à la “Révolution tranquille” des années 1960, l’idéologie officielle du système scolaire franco-catholique québécois apparaissait traditionaliste et confessionnelle. Pourtant, les défenseurs de l’instruction publique visaient lors de sa fondation des idéaux pédagogiques modernes. Ils articulaient plutôt qu’ils n’opposaient ses vocations utilitaire et intellectuelle, en cherchant à situer la société québécoise dans la civilisation. L’analyse des lois successives qui ont constitué l’instruction publique au XIX e  siècle montre que leur caractère libéral, négocié avec des acteurs porteurs d’autres idéologies, a rendu possible la séparation de la société politique entre groupes majoritaires, anglophones protestants et francophones catholiques. Il en est résulté, du côté franco-catholique, un système scolaire moderne dominé par une idéologie traditionaliste.
Safety and Efficacy of Ziv-Aflibercept in the Treatment of Refractory Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Ashraf Mohammed , Kayal Hassan El , Souka Ahmed A. R.
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap; Sanofi-Aventis, Bridgewater, NJ/Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY) in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema (DME).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective case series looking at the safety of ziv-aflibercept in patients with DME refractory to previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy. Detailed ophthalmologic examination, best-corrected visual acuity, and optical coherence tomography measurements were performed pre-switch, as well as at each monthly follow-up visit.

RESULTS:

The study included 34 eyes of 26 patients. The mean number of ziv-aflibercept injections post-switch was 2.03 injections. Visual acuity improved from a mean of 0.63 logMAR pre-switch to 0.51 logMAR after the first visit and 0.46 logMAR after the second visit post-switch (
P
< .084). Macular thickness improved from a mean of 513.79 μm to 411.79 μm (
P
= .006) on the first visit and 426.76 μm (
P
= .029) after the second visit post-switch. No adverse ocular or systemic side effects were reported on any of the follow visits.

CONCLUSION:

Ziv-aflibercept appears to be safe and effective in patients with refractory DME previously treated with other anti-VEGF agents in the short term.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:399–405.]
Association of Myelinated Retinal Nerve Fibers With Acquired Mulberry Retinal Astrocytoma: Coincidental or Relational?
Authors: Bypareddy Ravi , Takkar Brijesh , Lohchab Monica , Azad Shorya Vardhan , Chawla Rohan
Published: May 2017

Retinal astrocytoma is an important ocular finding for diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex and is also an association of neurofibromatosis. The authors present findings of a case of acquired astrocytoma associated with myelinated retinal nerve fibers. The authors also discuss the images and possible cause-effect relationship between them.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:441–442.]
La hegemonía tepaneca a través del Códice Telleriano-Remensis
Authors: Santamarina Novillo Carlos
Published: May 2017

Examinamos el Códice Telleriano-Remensis desde una perspectiva política centrada en el período de hegemonía tepaneca, que se relaciona con los tres primeros gobernantes de Tenochtitlan, así como de Tlatelolco. En particular, nuestra fuente ofrece una representación muy interesante del ritual político de entronización de Huitzilihuitl, un rito de paso que interpretamos como superación del marco de líderes tradicionales e inserción de Tenochtitlan como tlatocayotl subordinado en la estructura política del Imperio Tepaneca con capital en Azcapotzalco.