bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Cuida!”: práticas de cuidado em saúde com mulheres trabalhadoras do sexo
Authors: Silva Lorena Brito da , Sampaio Juliana Vieira , Méllo Ricardo Pimentel
Published: May 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a experiência do Projeto de extensão universitária, “Cuida!”, desenvolvido pelo Núcleo de Estudos sobre Drogas do Ceará e parceiros. O “Cuida!” envolve ações de cuidado em saúde direcionadas a prostitutas, com foco na Redução de Danos e na integralidade da atenção em saúde. Dentre as ações desenvolvidas estão: 1) Testagem rápida de HIV/IST; 2) Consultas com profissionais da saúde; 3) Orientações sobre o acesso a políticas públicas; 4) Rodas de conversas e oficinas com diferentes temáticas. O “Cuida!” teve como resultado a ampliação do vínculo e do diálogo das mulheres com as equipes dos equipamentos, além do fortalecimento das estratégias de Redução de danos que passaram a ser referência de cuidado no território. Apostando em conhecer a vida que re-existe, toda proposta de cuidado foi assentada em um projeto ético-político, potencializando assim os processos de experimentação e resistência produzido pelas e com as mulheres.
Mídia, criminalização da juventude e adesão subjetiva à barbárie
Authors: Daher Camila Marques Silva , Paiva Fernando Santana de , Barcellos Luciana Ferreira
Published: May 2022

A partir das representações midiáticas, é possível notar a apresentação de uma suposta crise de segurança pública. Protagonizando as reportagens, a juventude oriunda de classes subalternas é compreendida como responsável por essa realidade. Enquanto isso, a população clama por medidas punitivas. A presente revisão narrativa propõe uma discussão sobre a possível relação entre mídia hegemônica, as representações sobre a violência urbana e a criminalização desta faceta da juventude, sustentando práticas sociais que compõem a adesão subjetiva à barbárie. Primeiramente é apresentado o debate a respeito das mídias e o cenário brasileiro. Em seguida, é discutida a imagem do “jovem bandido” através do olhar da criminologia crítica. Por fim, apresenta-se a discussão sobre a construção de consensos a partir da mídia brasileira. Através de estratégias de desumanização dos sujeitos, as práticas midiáticas hegemônicas contribuem para que estejamos aderidos à barbárie que violenta principalmente os jovens inseridos no âmbito das periferias brasileiras.
L’altérité et l’identité à l’épreuve de la fluidité
Authors: Martínez Andrade Luis
Published: May 2022

Resena del libro "L’altérité et l’identité à l’épreuve de la fluidité"
Tensões e desafios do cenário contemporâneo:
Authors: Caetano Nardi Henrique , Guareschi Neuza Maria de Fátima , Barbieri Galeano Giovana
Published: May 2022

Editorial
Saúde Mental e Interprofissionalidade: experiência de Betim, Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Faria Dirley Lellis dos Santos , Modena Celina Maria , Ferreira Neto João Leite , Silva Kênia Lara
Published: May 2022

O modelo da Atenção Psicossocial trouxe novas formas de organização do trabalho em saúde mental. O objetivo desse estudo foi compreender a dinâmica de trabalho em equipe multiprofissional desenvolvido nos serviços de Betim/MG. O referencial metodológico se baseou na pesquisa qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas narrativas e grupo focal. Sob a orientação da hermenêutica-dialética, foram construídas três categorias de análise: construção do processo de trabalho - aspectos históricos e atuais; trabalho em equipe e repercussões nas profissões; desafios do trabalho. O trabalho na Saúde Mental tem sido desenvolvido por equipes multidisciplinares, numa proposta de organização interprofissional. Os trabalhadores puderam reconstruir lugares identificatórios distintos de suas categorias específicas.  Embora reconheçam que o trabalho em equipe e os dispositivos de reflexão coletiva são essenciais para sustentação do modelo, há desafios que comprometem o cuidado e provocam sofrimento no trabalhador, indicando a necessidade de investimento em Educação Permanente em Saúde.
A Density Functional Theory Study of Selfassembled (InN)12n (n=1-9) Nanowires and Nanosheets: Implications for CO2 Capture and Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Zhao RN , Chen Rui , Lin Fan , Han Ju-Guang
Published: May 2022

Geometries and electronic properties of selfassembled (InN)12n (n=1-9)
nanosheets or nanowires are investigated at the PBE1PBE level. The
growth patterns of semiconductor InN nanocrystal are revealed. Relative
stabilities of (InN)12n (n=1-9) are studied. The even-numbered (InN)12n
(n is even) nanoclusters have stronger stabilities than the neighboring
odd-numbered (InN)12n ones. The particular stable geometries are
assigned as the (InN)48 nanosheet for selfassembled film nanomaterials.
The calculated energy gaps exhibit even-odd oscillation and reveal that
(InN)12n (n=1-9) semiconductor nanoclusters are apparently good
optoelectronic or energy nanomaterials; Furthermore, (InN)12n
nanoclusters with energy gaps at the visible regions have potential
applications in microelectronic and optoelectronic nanodevices. The
slightly varied energy gaps for (InN)12n nanowires reveals they maintain
individual (InN)12 properties. The calculated charge-transfers for
(InN)12n (n=1-9) reflect that their ionic bonding enhances the
stabilites of nanoclusters and that ionic bonding in (InN)12n (n=1-9)
nanoclusters exists with covalent.
Predictors and Outcomes of Transvenous Lead Extraction Requiring Femoral Bailout
Authors: Shafir Yuval , Massalha Eias , Milman Anat , Glikson Michael , Luria David , Sabbag Avi , Beinart Roy , Nof Eyal , Leshem Eran
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION: Transvenous Lead Extraction (TLE) is usually
performed via a superior approach. Predictors and outcomes of TLE
requiring femoral vein bailout are poorly defined. We aimed to analyze
predictors and consequences of TLE requiring femoral bailout.
METHODS: A single tertiary center cohort of 421 consecutive
patients who underwent TLE between May 2010 and February 2020 were
analyzed. Venography was routinely performed before system upgrade to
identify occluded veins. Patients were divided into 2 groups according
to their need for femoral bailout extraction. RESULTS: A total
of 928 leads were extracted with femoral bailout approach was needed in
71 leads(7.7%) among 49 patients(11.6%). A higher proportion of right
ventricular(RV) leads required femoral bailout approach compared with
right atrial(RA) leads[51/499(10.2%) vs 18/326(5.5%);p=0.02].
Femoral bailout was more common among younger patients, longer lead
dwell time, more pocket entries, higher number of extracted leads,
presence of abandoned leads and among patients with vascular occlusion.
Following multivariate analysis, presence of abandoned leads, vascular
occlusion and younger age remained a significant predictor for femoral
bailout. Femoral bailout resulted in higher rates of major complications
[5/49(10.2%) vs 12/372(3.2%);p=0.05] without intra-procedural
mortality and no additional 30-day mortality[2/49(4.1%) vs
33/377(8.8%);p=0.39]. CONCLUSION: TLE of abandoned leads,
occluded veins and younger age were found to be predictors of femoral
bailout requirement. Despite higher rates of major complications in
femoral TLE bailout, mortality was not increased. Venography prior to
TLE should be considered for procedure planning.
Dielectric concept: “A Magnification Lens in EP Lab?”
Authors: Tondo Claudio
Published: May 2022

Myocardial wall thickness is one of the crucial parameters affecting the
lesion formation produced by radiofrequency current (RF) delivering.
Knowing the tissue characterization is critical for improving the
durability of the RF lesion. A novel dielectric based method (KODEX-EPD)
has been developed for measuring the tissue thickness at the
catheter-tissue interface. The authors of this study report for the
first time the tissue characterization (i.e. atrial wall thickness) of
the cavo-tricuspid isthmus in a series of patients undergoing common
atrial flutter ablation, showing a higher thickness close to the
tricuspid valve as compared to the inferior vena cava. This can affect
the outcome of ablation
Derivation and validation of a risk prediction score for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-related serious gastrointestinal complications in the elderly
Authors: Lee Suhyun , Heo Kyu-Nam , Lee Mee Yeon , Ah Young-Mi , Shin Jaekyu , Lee Ju-Yeun
Published: May 2022

Aim: Although there is a high risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in
the elderly, few studies have quantified the impact of risk factors on
GI complications in elderly nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
users. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction score
to identify high-risk elderly patients using NSAID for severe GI
complications. Methods: We used the following two Korean claims
datasets: customized data with an enrollment period 2016–2017 for model
development, and the sample data in 2019 for external validation. We
conducted a nested case-control study for model development and
validation. NSAID users were identified as the elderly (≥ 65 years) who
received NSAIDs for more than 30 days. Patients who experienced serious
GI complications, defined as hospitalizations or emergency department
visits, were diagnosed with GI bleeding or perforation. We derived a
model using logistic regression and cross-validation. Results: In the
external validation cohort, we identified 372 cases from 254,551
patients. We identified 8,176 cases and 81,760 controls with a 1:10
matched follow-up period in the derivation cohort. In the external
validation cohort, we identified 372 cases from 254,551 patients. The
risk predictors were high-dose NSAIDs, NSAID type, complicated GI ulcer
history, male sex, concomitant gastroprotective agents, relevant
co-medications, severe renal disease, and cirrhosis. Area under the
receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.77 (95% confidence
interval, 0.75–0.80) in the external validation dataset. Conclusion:
The prediction model may be a useful tool for reducing the risk of
serious GI complications by identifying high-risk elderly patients.
Inside the technology transcending humanity’s biological limits
Authors: Cebo Prof. Dr. Daniel
Published: May 2022

As we go deeper into the twenty-first century, there is a major trend to
improve the body with “cyborg technology.” In fact, due to medical
necessity, millions of people around the world are now equipped with
prosthetic devices to restore lost function, and the DIY movement is
growing to improve the body to create new senses or to improve current
senses “beyond normal”. From prosthetic limbs, artificial cardiac
pacemakers and defibrillators, brain-computer implants, cochlear
implants, retinal prostheses, magnets as implants, exoskeletons and many
other improvements, the human body becomes more mechanical and
computational, and therefore less biological. This trend will continue
to accelerate once the body is transformed into information processing
technology, which ultimately calls one’s sense of identity and what it
means to be human. This article evaluates “cyborg enhancement
technologies” with an emphasis on technological brain enhancements and
the creation of new senses-the benefits of which can allow direct
implantation of information into the brain, editing memories, wireless
brain connection-brain communication and a wide range of sensory
information to explore and experience. The paper concludes with
reflections on the future direction of cyborgs and the meaning and
consequences of becoming a cyborg and less so in an age of rapid
progress in the design and use of computer technology. with an emphasis
on technological improvements in the brain and the creation of new
senses-the benefits of which can allow direct implantation of
information into the brain, editing memories, wireless brain-brain
communication, and a wide range of sensory information, which need to be
explored and experienced. nt goes here
CD4 T follicular helper cells in HIV
Authors: Cebo Prof. Dr. Daniel , Weiss Jochen , Dimity Carolina
Published: May 2022

HIV infects millions of individuals worldwide, and new things still
emerge. Once infected, the virus cannot be cleared by the system and
causes non-heritable immunological disorder syndrome. Combination
antiretroviral therapeutic program effectively suppresses microorganism
replication and halts malady progression. The treatment, however,
doesn’t eliminate the virus-infected cells, and interruption of
treatment inevitably leads to microorganism rebound. The rebound virus
originates from a gaggle of virus-infected cells named because the
cellular reservoir of HIV. Distinctive and eliminating the HIV reservoir
can stop microorganism rebound and cure HIV infection. During this
review, we tend to concentrate on a recently discovered HIV reservoir
during a set of CD4+ T cells referred to as the vesicle helper T (TFH)
cells. We tend to describe the probable mechanisms for the looks of
reservoir in TFH cells, and therefore the ways to focus on and eliminate
this microorganism reservoir.
Telomere length positively correlates with pace-of-life in a sex- and cohort-specific way and elongates with age in a wild mammal
Authors: Tissier Mathilde , Bergeron Patrick , Garant Dany , Zahn Sandrine , Criscuolo Francois , Réale Denis
Published: May 2022

Understanding ageing and the diversity of life histories is a
cornerstone in biology. Telomeres, the protecting caps of chromosomes,
are thought to be involved in ageing, cancer risks and to modulate
life-history strategies. They shorten with cell division and age in
somatic tissues of most species, possibly limiting lifespan. The
resource allocation trade-off hypothesis predicts that short telomeres
have thus co-evolved with early reproduction, proactive behaviour and
reduced lifespan: a fast Pace-of-Life Syndrome (POLS). Conversely, since
short telomeres may also reduce the risks of cancer, the anti-cancer
hypothesis advances that they should be associated with slow POLS.
Conclusion on which hypothesis best supports the role of telomeres as
mediators of life-history strategies is hampered by a lack of study on
wild short-lived vertebrates, apart from birds. Using seven years of
data on wild Eastern chipmunks Tamias striatus, we highlighted that
telomeres elongate with age and do not limit lifespan in this species.
Furthermore, short telomeres correlated with a slow POLS in a
sex-specific way. Females with short telomeres had a delayed age at
first breeding and a lower fecundity rate than females with long
telomeres, whereas those differences were not recorded in males. Our
findings support most predictions adapted from the anti-cancer
hypothesis, but none of those made under the resource allocation
trade-off hypothesis. Results are in line with an increasing body of
evidence suggesting that other evolutionary forces than resource
allocation trade-offs shape the diversity of telomere length in adult
somatic cells and the relationships between telomeres and
life-histories.
The promotion effect of salt-alkali on ammonia volatilization in coastal soil
Authors: Shi Zhenqi , She Dongli , Pan Yongchun , Xia Yongqiu
Published: May 2022

Globally, soil salinization is intensifying, with alkalization
coexisting. In particular, coastal ecosystems are more susceptible to
salt problems due to their formation process and geographical locations.
The nitrogen (N)-cycling processes of coastal ecosystems are bound to
salt-alkali changes. Ammonia (NH ) volatilization from
agricultural ecosystems is one of the most important pathways of N loss
and has also been considered the main contributor to air pollution in
coastal ecosystems. As the most accessible land resource on earth,
clarifying and quantifying the effect of saline-alkali on N content and
on NH volatilization in coastal ecosystems are pivotal
to promote coastal agriculture productivity. The challenge in
demonstrating the effect is how to identify the direct effects of
salt-alkali and how these two factors indirectly impact NH
volatilization through interactions. By combining
incubation experiments with the structural equation modeling method (SEM
‘element’ model), we revealed the net effects of salt-alkali on NH
volatilization and the roles of environmental factors
in mutual interaction networks. Compared to the CK treatment, NH
volatilization increased by 9.31-34.98%, 3.07-26.92%
and 2.99-43.61% with salt gradient increases from 1‰ to 15‰ at 0.05‰,
0.10‰ and 0.15‰ urea additions, respectively. With an increase in the
alkalinity from 0.5‰ to 8‰, NH volatilization
significantly increased by 8.36-56.46%, 5.49-30.10% and 30.72-73.18%,
respectively. According to the element model, salt and alkali both
promoted NH volatilization directly and had an
indirect negative effect by altering the N contents and N
transformations of microbes. The N contents in the incubation system
showed a direct positive effect on NH volatilization,
with an obvious decrease under elevated salinity and alkalinity.
Additionally, the gene abundance of N-transformed microbes strengthened
NH volatilization indirectly. The indirect prohibitory
effect on NH volatilization resulting from salt and
alkali was compensated by the direct stimulating effects on the pH and
NH contents, and the overall
positive contribution of salt was less than that of alkali. Our results
indicated that the potential of NH emissions from
coastal saline areas could be enhanced by concomitant soil alkalization.
Two decades of tuberculosis surveillance reveal disease spread, high levels of exposure and mortality, and marked variation in disease progression in wild meerkats
Authors: Müller-Klein Nadine , Risely Alice , Schmid Dominik , Manser Marta , Clutton-Brock Tim , Sommer Simone
Published: May 2022

Infections with Tuberculosis (TB)-causing agents of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex threaten human, livestock, and
wildlife health globally due to the high capacity to cross trans-species
boundaries. Tuberculosis is a cryptic disease characterized by
prolonged, sometimes lifelong subclinical infections, complicating
disease monitoring. Consequently, our understanding of infection risk,
disease progression, and mortality across species affected by TB remains
limited. The TB agent Mycobacterium suricattae was first recorded
in the late 1990s in a wild population of meerkats inhabiting the
Kalahari in South Africa and has since spread considerably, becoming a
common cause of meerkat mortality. This offers an opportunity to
document the epidemiology of naturally spreading TB in a wild
population. Here, we synthesize more than 25 years-worth of TB reporting
and social interaction data across 3,420 individuals to track disease
spread, and quantify rates of TB social exposure, progression, and
mortality. We found that most meerkats had been exposed to the pathogen
within eight years of first detection in the study area, with exposure
reaching up to 95% of the population. Approximately one quarter of
exposed individuals progressed to clinical TB stages, followed by
physical deterioration and death within a few months. Since emergence,
11.6% of deaths were attributed to TB, although the true toll of
TB-related mortality is likely higher. Lastly, we observed marked
variation in disease progression among individuals, suggesting
inter-individual differences in both TB susceptibility and resistance.
Our results highlight that TB prevalence and mortality could be higher
than previously reported, particularly in species or populations with
complex social group dynamics. Long-term studies, such as the present
one, allow us to assess temporal variation in disease prevalence and
progression and quantify exposure, which is rarely measured in wildlife.
Long-term studies are highly valuable tools to explore disease emergence
and ecology, and study host-pathogen co-evolutionary dynamics in
general, and its impact on social mammals.
Effects of Unprofessional Behavior and Auditors’ Inadequate Knowledge on the Quality of External Audit Reports
Authors:   1,2Department of Accounting College of Social and Management Science Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti (ABUAD) Ado  Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria E-mail: 1awotomilusi@abuad.edu.ng, awotomilusi@gmail.com, Awotomilusi N.S. , Owonifari V.O.
Published: May 2022

The study examined effects of unprofessional behavior and auditors’ inadequate knowledge on the quality of external audit reports. Descriptive survey research design was used in this study. The participants in this study were 500 auditors from Lagos, Nigeria. A simple random selection procedure was used to choose the sample of 150 auditors. Data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire, validated by professionals, and tested for reliability. The Cronbach-Alpha technique yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.79. The instrument was administered in two ways: physically by the researcher at the respondents' offices and with the assistance of two research assistants. Instrument of the study was also sent to the telegram and whatsapp groups of the auditors for responses. Percentage, frequency counts, mean and standard deviation were used to answered the research questions while regression was used to test the hypothesis formulated at 0.05 level of significance. The finding revealed that, statistically unprofessional behaviour and auditors’ inadequate knowledge have significant effects on the quality of external audit reporting. The study concluded that unprofessional behavior and auditors’ inadequate knowledge are affecting the quality of the report of external auditors. The study recommended, among others, that unprofessional behaviours among auditors should be addressed and should not be allowed to tarnish the image of audit profession so that users such as investors, shareholders, creditors, government, public, employers, and employees will not lose confidence in the quality of external audit reporting of the external auditors Keywords: External Auditor, Unprofessional Behaviour, Inadequate Knowledge, Quality of Audit Reports
Associations of Serum Carotenoids With Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From NHANES
Authors: Qiu Zixin , Chen Xue , Geng Tingting , Wan Zhenzhen , Lu Qi , Li Lin , Zhu Kai , Zhang Xuena , Liu Yujie , Lin Xiaoyu , Chen Liangkai , Shan Zhilei , Liu Liegang , Pan An , Liu Gang
Published: May 2022

Objective:
Although carotenoids have been suggested to exhibit antioxidant properties,
some experiment studies reported that β-carotene may show prooxidant effects
under certain conditions. Current evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects
of carotenoids among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is scarce. This study
aimed to prospectively examine the associations of individual serum carotenoid
concentrations with cardiovascular mortality among adults with T2D.

Methods: This analysis included 3107 individuals with T2D from the
Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) and
NHANES 2001–2006. Cardiovascular mortality was ascertained by linkage to National Death Index records
through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazards
regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence
intervals (CIs).

Result: During an average of 14 years of follow-up,
441 cardiovascular deaths occurred.
After multivariate adjustment including lifestyles, dietary factors, glucose control, and other major carotenoids, higher serum β-carotene concentrations were significantly associated
with an elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality in a
dose-response manner. Comparing extreme
quartiles of β-carotene, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 2.47 (1.62, 3.76) for
cardiovascular mortality (P trend
=0.002); and per one-unit increment in
natural log-transformed serum β-carotene was
associated with a 46% higher risk of cardiovascular
mortality (P=0.001). Other individual carotenoids (α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene,
and lutein/zeaxanthin) were not significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular mortality.
Consistent results were observed when stratifying by age, sex,
race, body mass index, smoking
status, diabetes duration, and HbA1c levels.

Conclusion: Higher concentrations
of serum
β-carotene, but not other individual carotenoids, were
significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality
among individuals with T2D. Our findings, if replicated, underscore the
need to estimate the optimal serum β-carotene concentrations in individuals
with T2D.
Capacidad antioxidante: conceptos, métodos de cuantificación y su aplicación en la caracterización de frutos tropicales y productos derivados
Authors: Vázquez-Ovando Alfredo , Mejía-Reyes José David , García-Cabrera Karina Elizabeth , Velázquez-Ovalle Gamaliel
Published: May 2022

La capacidad antioxidante se ha convertido en una característica ampliamente demandada en los alimentos contemporáneos. El conocimiento de las moléculas que imparten esta actividad, así como los alimentos donde pueden encontrarse de manera natural, aporta información para el correcto aprovechamiento de estas importantes sustancias. Sin embargo, aún hoy día, los métodos para medir la capacidad antioxidante in vitro siguen poco unificados. Aunque existen al menos tres métodos universalmente utilizados, las unidades en la que se expresan los resultados son heterogéneas, lo que dificulta un poco la comparación certera entre muestras de naturaleza similar. El objetivo del presente artículo fue realizar una revisión sobre aspectos fundamentales de la capacidad antioxidante, con énfasis en las moléculas responsables de tal actividad y los métodos disponibles para cuantificarla. Adicionalmente, dado que los alimentos de origen vegetal son la principal fuente natural de compuestos antioxidantes, se incluyen reportes de estudios que cuantifican la capacidad antioxidante de frutos tropicales y de productos o coproductos de éstos.
Assessment of NIR Pigments for Use in Low Temperature Solar Thermal Collectors
Authors:   , Penney Oliver
Published: May 2022

This EngD Thesis investigated the addition of Near Infrared (NIR) absorbing pigments into pre-finished steel coatings intended for use on the Transpired Solar Collector (TSC). The aim of the research was to improve the temperature uplift (ΔT) of lighter coloured coatings for the TSC, without affecting the aesthetics of the coating, because NIR light is invisible to the human eye. A solar simulator was designed, built and calibrated to measure the ΔT of Hot Dip Galv (HDG) sample panels coated with NIR pigmented paints. Correlation of these ΔT results were then made with further analysis of the samples using the UV/Vis/NIR spectrometer, photographic records, and colour change measurements (ΔE). A model PVB coating was initially used to assess a range of commercially available, as well as novel single compound NIR absorbing pigments at a range of concentrations. The best four performing pigments were taken forward for inclusion in a polyurethane clear coat system. This work revealed that the method of processing the pigments into the paint had a large effect on coating performance, particularly for the nano powders. A single pigment, the Cesium Tungsten Oxide Nano Powder (Cs0.33WO3) was selected for the final stages of this research due to its combination of excellent NIR absorption and relatively low visual absorption and therefore ΔE. This was added to the clear coat and colour coat of two light coloured paints and produced promising results, especially for the darker of the two colours. The results of outdoor testing also helped to reveal where in the coating structure the pigment was most effective. Finally, using the UV/Vis/NIR data and TSR calculations a simple assessment on the overall impact of these additions was made. This concluded that savings of 250 kWh (52 kg of CO2) could be made annually for an average UK home over a non NIR pigmented coating.
Characterisation and Performance Evaluation of Calcium Treatment in Automotive Steels
Authors:   , Russell James E.
Published: May 2022

Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) are seeing a dramatic usage increase in order to achieve the reduction in weight required for automotive vehicles to adhere to new legislation on emissions. This has resulted in the increase of use of Calcium (Ca), as a means of both oxide and sulphide-based inclusion control. However, this process is not well understood, with no definitive answer on the level of Ca required to obtain adequate modification of the inclusion population within the steel. As a result, this thesis studied the level of Ca addition applied to the dual-phase steel grade, FB590, by analysing its Calcium Sulphur Ratio (Ca:S). This allowed for the level of modification needed to obtain the required mechanical properties to be studied. It was discovered that even at the low Ca:S of 0.23, sufficient modification of the inclusions was achieved to obtain these properties. Samples across the entire Ca:S range obtained a substantial increase in the number of ‘globular’ inclusions when compared to non-Calcium treated samples. The second aspect of this project was to automate the process of analysing the inclusion populations within the steel. Typically, this is done manually and is very time consuming. The resulting automated process analysed a stitched image of the entire sample surface (200mm2) taken at a typical magnification (100x) and was conducted as closely as possible to the BS EN 10247 and ASTM E45 standards. A custom macro was written that allowed this image to be broken up into fields, each of which were analysed individually, for both inclusion population and size. This method proved significantly less time consuming while generating a vast amount of data that would be unavailable utilising standard analysis techniques. The key problem with the technique, however, is that it did not include the ‘grouped’ inclusions stated in the standards. Nevertheless, EDS analysis proved that a significant proportion of these inclusions were in fact distinct globular inclusions and therefore not the inclusions separated by the polishing process that the standard assumes. A suggestion has been made to conduct all future inclusion analysis on FB590 at 500x magnification so as to reduce the negative effects of pixel size. A series of different regions would then be analysed to better ensure the accuracy of the results.
Social Life of Books
Authors: Austin Locke Aaron
Published: May 2022

In this short essay, the author uses Walter Benjamin's 'Unpacking My Library' to explore the social life of library books. The author examines how numerous actors will come into contact with the book(s) across their social journey into the present and how the librarian is required to make judgments on their supposed 'use value' in any particular setting. Simultaneously, the author considers the process of commodification and de-commodification of library books and how it often falls upon the librarian to determine whether a book will retain its de-commodified status or whether it is no longer needed in that particular setting and will be regressed to the status of a commodity. But while books may be withdrawn from library stock, does that mean that the moments of history embedded within them and their unique identities are lost for history? The author argues not.
From Genus Mortalium to Mortal Genus
Authors: Ursitti Filippo
Published: May 2022

This article aims at showing how the philosopher G. Anders declines the concept of ‘monstrous’ through the atrocities of the extermination camps at Auschwitz and the atomic bombing at Hiroshima. According to him, these dramatic events are related to and connected by mediality which de-responsabilises the agents committing such barbaric actions. The article is structured in the following manner: First, it presents a short introduction to the concept of mediality and its role in both Auschwitz and Hiroshima. Second, it focuses on the atomic bomb as best example of today’s ‘monstrous’ through the epistolary exchange between Anders and the pilot of Hiroshima Eatherly. Third, it will present the anthropological consequences of the bomb as described by Anders himself.
Love, Care and Mutual Aid: Resisting State Violence and Reliance
Authors: Kaur Baljit , Pointon Samantha
Published: May 2022

Mutual aid provides us all with opportunities to move away from state reliance and to embrace companionship and solidarity in the face of governmental violence and neglect, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering this, the organisers of this project envisioned and participated in an online feminist mutual aid space designed to disrupt the silence produced by sexism. Central to feminist politics, the project sought to continue raising awareness and politicising the personal. This reflective piece thus explores the principles of mutual aid and its application to a project that encompassed six weeks of discussions on the different forms state violence takes in different spaces and the implications this has on women at the intersections of race, class, and sexuality in the UK. The project was created with the purpose of providing a safe online space for women doctoral researchers to talk about their experiences, anger and frustrations with a social, political, and economic system that works hard every day to enact violence towards women and the silence that is often (re)produced by the very structures that enable it. In line with the principles of mutual aid, our reflections exemplify the ways in which knowledge, resources and care were shared and aided the group in bridging the gap between academia and the wider community. Furthermore, while the project was organised by three facilitators, those who were part of the group engaged and contributed within their own capacity, and in this way, we demonstrate our awareness of power dynamics within mutual aid spaces and our efforts to create a non-hierarchical space. Finally, this reflective piece will illustrate the opportunities for togetherness that can emerge from mutual aid spaces: to reconnect, forge friendships, and offer love and solidarity, and resistance to state violence in incredibly unsettling times.
Keywords: Mutual aid, feminist reflexivity, state reliance, systemic violence
Feeling with Demons
Authors: Joyce Oscar
Published: May 2022

Historians of English witchcraft have long recognised that early modern pamphlets provide a rare window into otherwise inaccessible aspects of historical witchcraft cases. Although the factuality of these texts is often difficult to corroborate, they include information and texture beyond that which we can access through surviving procedural trial documentation. The ‘affective turn’ has directed our attention toward the variability and historical significance of emotions and texts such as these pamphlets, which hold tantalising imprints of contemporary feelings. The Witches of Warboys is one such pamphlet, albeit one that has – for a variety of reasons – gone underexamined. In this paper, I present examples from the Warboys case in 1593 in support of two recent propositions about the relationship between witchcraft and emotion. Namely, a witch’s familiars were used as a vector to express intense or suppressed emotions, and people formed fantastical surrogate relationships with these entities. Whereas other studies have tended to concentrate on accused witches themselves, a close reading of the Warboys case reveals it was specifically the bewitched in this instance who formed ambiguous relationships with familiars and projected their emotions through these strange entities.
On the Threshold of Desire
Authors: Venturi Tristan
Published: May 2022

Christine Battersby describes the aesthetic category of the sublime as "overwhelming [...] terrifying; unrepresentable; revolutionary [while] also slippery, denoting a concept [...] subject to metamorphosis and flux," and resulting in the experience of "surrender or displacement of the ego." A similar definition may be claimed for the notion of queer, a subversive "category in flux" devoted to troubling both subjects and objects by submitting them to the lenses of strangeness and difference, ultimately destabilising regimes of cis-hetero-normativity. How and where do the categories of sublime and queer intersect? What type of cinematic aesthetics stems from their encounter, and what are its resulting social and political implications? This essay attempts to answer such questions through the close textual analysis of two West German productions - Werner Schroeter's Der Rosenkönig (1986) and Ulrike Ottinger's Johanna d'Arc of Mongolia (1989) - and the ways in which both films seek to introduce new canons of visual pleasure by employing highly stylized aesthetic elements symptomatic of a larger, political category of queer sublimity that is found to revolve around the eroticization of boundaries between Self and Other.
Keywords: Ulrike Ottinger; Werner Schroeter; German cinema; queer sublime; queer theory
Person, Place and Culture
Authors: Quinlan Patrick
Published: May 2022

Modern Irish history now records the exhumation of the remains of 155 ‘consecrates’ at High Park Convent in September 1993 as one of the first tremors in a quarter-century of scandals whose collective impact would shatter the nation’s deeply ingrained respect for and deference to the Roman Catholic Church. Belatedly, Irish society has sought to listen to and learn from the personal testimony of the individuals who lived under institutional regimes of varying levels of harshness. Their accounts held a mirror up to a society that continued to pathologise and warehouse social problems long after better solutions should have been available, but they also resonate in the fields of architectural history and material culture, forcing us to reckon with the meanings accorded to landscapes, buildings and spaces by those obliged to inhabit them.
Demography and the spectre of justice too-long denied made the task of recording the oral testimony of former laundry residents an urgent one, yet another equally finite source of lived experience continues to pass away mostly unremarked - the religious who operated them. Whether vilified as villains, exalted as pioneering and entrepreneurial proto-feminists, or cast as the superfluous siblings of a system of patrilineal, impartible inheritance, our understanding of the history of our times could only be enhanced by adding the personal reflections of those whose lived long enough to witness the disintegration of the system to which they voluntarily committed their own lives. This ‘obituary’ represents a creative act of reconstruction, but one firmly founded on documented fact and fragments personal memory. The goal is less to document a history than to recover an essence of a life, a place and a culture long-lived but now departed.
Gender and the Colombian Peace Process
Authors: Ebenezer Hazel Lincy
Published: May 2022

Colombia’s decades-long internal conflict seemingly came to a close in 2012 when the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) declared their intent to engage in peace talks. In this transitional justice period, Colombia aimed to effectively address all the violations that had occurred during the conflict by holding them accountable within its Peace Agreement - including gender-based violations (GBV). This essay will examine the ways in which Colombia’s most recent peace process tackles conflict-related GBV in order to study whether these violations were sufficiently and appropriately addressed. The first section of this essay will define gender-based violations and examine how they have been addressed in transitional justice literature so far. The second section will evaluate how successfully Colombia’s peace process handles GBV by (a) studying the inclusion of gender perspectives in the peace process and by (b) analysing how the 2016 Peace Agreement provides for (i) truth, (ii) justice, (iii) reparations and (iv) guarantees of non-repetition in terms of GBV. In doing so, this article hopes that academic literature, the international community, and other peace processes can use Colombia’s take on gender-based violations as a guide - on what to do well and what to do better – so that the recognition of and protection from GBV is only increased here on out.

 

Keywords: SGBV, Colombia, transitional justice, gender
Assemblages of Pandemic Populism
Authors: Isaacson Paige
Published: May 2022

Throughout the pandemic, we have witnessed the channelling of affective intensities into demonstrations, sieges, and violent outbursts underpinned by far right-wing populism, including the siege of Capitol Hill, counter-BLM protests and so-called “anti-hygienic protests” against lockdowns and public health measures. These outbursts, as sensational manifestations of the more general turn to populism, attest to the urgency of understanding the structures of feelings underlying populist logic and the affective tactics used to spread them. The intensification of these affects by the pandemic and consequent lockdowns requires urgent attention as the associated socio-economic crisis and moral-panic are contributing to far-right populist resentments, the long-term effects of which remain to be seen. I look here how digital media contributes to what has been termed “pandemic populism” in an assemblage consisting of right-wing populist logic, digital and particularly social media, the COVID19 virus and associated public health measures. Far-right populist media and activists have taken advantage of the confusion around public health measures during the pandemic to blur boundaries between fact and fiction to fit the effects of the pandemic into their own narratives. Accordingly, I include in my analysis consideration of hyper-partisan media and the power of conspiracy theories, mis- and dis-information and how these forms of mediation engage populations in ways that challenge rational models of communication. I adopt a version of affect theory developed by Lisa Blackman in conjunction with Rebecca Coleman’s concept of (infra)structures of feeling to make sense of the affective dimensions underpinning right-wing populism, which exert pressure on and mediate actions and experiences and which have been exacerbated by the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Petróleo en tiempos de democracia: debates en torno a la extracción y la política en Ghana
Authors:   Profesora titular, Departamento de Antropología Social, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campos Serrano Alicia , Sánchez Díez Ángeles ,   Profesora contratada-doctora, Departamento de Estructura Económica Mundial y Economía del Desarrollo, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Published: May 2022

Cuando en 2007 se descubrió petróleo en las costas de Ghana, las elecciones ya habían demostrado su capacidad de promover la alternancia de los dos principales partidos políticos en el Gobierno. El objetivo de este artículo es investigar los términos en que se han desarrollado los debates en torno a la relación entre los recursos naturales y la democracia en Ghana. Tres han sido las principales cuestiones abordadas: la capacidad de las instituciones democráticas para condicionar y configurar los efectos sociales y políticos de la industria petrolífera en el país; los potenciales efectos perversos de la extracción petrolífera sobre las instituciones democráticas; y el papel de la arena y los actores internacionales en la constitución de la economía política del petróleo en Ghana.
Contestación normativa y crisis del orden internacional liberal
Authors:   Director, CIDOB, Morillas Pol , Leso Francesca ,   Asistente de investigación, CIDOB
Published: May 2022

Reseña de libro: Esther Barbé (dir.). Las normas internacionales ante la crisis del orden liberal. Tecnos, 2021. 176 págs.
Hypermethods. Repertories of social research in digital environments
Authors:   UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA UNIDAD CUAJIMALPA, Rodríguez Cano César Augusto
Published: May 2022

The social research of our time is going through a considerable process of methodological reinvention, evident in various analytical strategies on online environments: digital methods, cultural analytics, technopolitics, digital ethnography and artificial intelligence. The mission of this book is to provide a panoramic view of this transformation, with the challenge of building a general sense from multiple dimensions of complex scientific and cultural processes. It is based on the interest in the renewal and complement of the methodological proposals that we can call classical, historically characterized by a tripartite approach among quantitative visions, qualitative and mixed. Where it is necessary to explain this methodological reinvention and its repertoires as part of a technological change of great proportions: the digital revolution.
Advancements in the radiooncological treatment of high-risk prostate cancer: a quarter century of achievements
Authors: Moll Matthias , Herrmann Harald , Zaharie Alexandru , Goldner Gregor
Published: May 2022

Background

The aim of the study was to evaluate the development of treatment of primary high-risk prostate cancer in regards to biochemical no evidence of disease (bNED), acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) side effects.

Patients and methods

Primary high-risk prostate cancer patients treated between 1994 and 2016 were included. Applied doses ranged from 60 to 80 Gy, with a dose of 1.8 or 2 Gy per fraction. Techniques were either 3D conformal or intensity modulated radiotherapy and volumetric intensity modulated arc therapy.

Results

142 patients were treated with doses up to 70 Gy (median dose 66 Gy; 66 Gy group), 282 with doses between 70 and 76 Gy (median dose 74 Gy; 74 Gy group), and 141 with doses >76 Gy (median dose 78 Gy; 78 Gy group). The median follow-up was 48 months. The bNED rates were 50% after 5 years and 44% after 9 years in the 66 Gy group; 65% and 54%, respectively, in the 74 Gy group; and 83% and 66%, respectively, in the 78 Gy group (p = 0.03 vs. 74 Gy and p < 0.0001 vs. 66 Gy). We found a higher rate of acute GI side effects in the 78 Gy group compared to the other groups, but not in maximum acute GU side effects and late maximum GI and GU effects.

Conclusions

High-risk prostate cancer patients treated with doses of 78 Gy had significantly better bNED rates. Compared to the historical 66 Gy group, 50% more patients achieved bNED after a follow-up of 9 years.
Federalism, A Contested Concept
Authors: Asfour Sarah
Published: May 2022

In this article, I take a look at the pros and cons of federalism, comparing it to a unitary state. I conclude that federalism is the way of the future, and the best system of governance that humanity follows thus far.
"Laboratories of Democracry" Through Decentralization
Authors: Buck Charles (Charlie)
Published: May 2022

This paper makes the normative case for decentralized federalism on two primary grounds. First, federalism inculcates a tolerance for diversity by spreading policymaking authority across a wide range of jurisdictions, thereby conciliating ethnic, linguistic, cultural, political, and other tensions within the polity. Second, by disaggregating the governmental apparatus into a multitude of component parts, the federal system incentives competition which leads to policy innovation. These points are further refined through the use of a variety of Canadian, American, and international examples.
Policy Proposal for Canadian the Government to Counter Disinformation
Authors: Maddock-Ferrie Blair
Published: May 2022

The effects of disinformation on Canada have been significant, yet despite the problem being identified seven years ago by NATO, the problem has only grown in intensity. In 2019 the Canadian government put out an open call for policy proposals to counter disinformation, this paper attempt to prove one such policy proposal that attempts to balance freedom of expression with creating a cost to the malicious actor. This paper further examines the root issues with countering disinformation with censorship and the risks that such a policy incurs.