bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Puberty - An Ayurvedic care
Authors: Benakatti Dr. Vijayalaxmi B.
Published: August 2020

The functionality of Ayurveda reproductive system in women is initiated by onset of menstruation is menarche. The peak time being 12 years to 16 years, these are probable ages. There may be slight variation in individual cases because of age, that can be influenced by specific Ahara and Arogya. It is only in our country refers to the phase specific practices based on religion, community, geographical, area the practices differ. But these practices have root in Ayurveda. A playful girl menstruates for first time though indicative of reproductive system. Thus this period requires a special care, which could be a simple household remedy or specific nutritious food based on resources of local ate. There is Ayurvedic text refers to the ad vocation of regime. This article discusses the relevance’s of such practices. Further suggest simpler regime to enhance the further growth and development of individual. And also focus on the medical conditions occurs during this period. It is also important to give psychological support.
Importance of Ghrita as Abhyantara Sneha in Vruddhavastha
Authors: Acharya Dr. Abhishek , Nikhate Dr.Sunil
Published: August 2020

The prevalence of illness increases as we age; at the same time, life expectancy decreases. Ayurveda, as ancient science has potential for prevention of diseases by health promotion and management of geriatric. Management needs not only curative but also preventive, rehabilitative and terminal care. In Ayurveda, Ghrita is indicated Nityasevaniya Rasayana and also in old age being best among all the Snehas and Vayasthapana. Ghrita plays an important role in controlling Vata Dosha, which is the main causative factor of old age. The presence of Mahabhutas and Gunas in Ghrita helps to maintain the health of old age persons from deterioration. Being best among all the Snehas and Vayasthapana, maintains the normal functions of Doshas, Dhatus, Malas and adds to the essence of Ojas. Therefore Ghrita is considered as par excellence and drug of choice in old age. It is the need of the time to develop an effective holistic aproach for geriatric care by combining Rasayana, Panchkarma and Dietetics, Ayurvedic medicines, lifestyle and Yoga.
Review Article on Mamsa Dhatu-Ayurveda and Modern view
Authors: Kumar Dr. Mohit , Agri Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Published: August 2020

In Ayurveda, there are three basic blocks upon which the human body stands, these are Dosha, Dhatu and Mala. Dhatus are the main which perform the function of holding together the bodily elements. There are seven Dhatu in person; these are Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja and Shukra. As Mamsa Dhatu is very important component of our body and its Moola Sthana are Twacha and Snayu. Mamsa is one of the seven constructive build icons of body namely Dhatus. It is widely accepted by all the Ayurvedic scholars who named it as Pishit, Taras, Palal, Raktateja, Medaskruta, Kravyam, Aamisha and so on. It helps in formation of Mamsa Dhatu in the body with its principle site in body as muscles, tendons and skin. According to Ayurveda, there are seven Dhatu in person; these are Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja and Shukra. These Dhatu are defined as per their function. These are important for healthy state of the body. Mamsa Dhatu is third one in the sequence of seven Dhatu.
Pharmacological aspects of Sigru (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) in view of Ayurveda
Authors: MC Dr.Soumya , TP Dr. Sinimol , Sumedhan Dr. Varsha
Published: August 2020

The medicinal value of a drug is usually determined based on its pharmacological properties. In traditional practice Sigru (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is used in the management of various diseases. It is necessary to have knowledge of the pharmacological attributes of a drug to use it correctly for the treatment. The pharmacological properties of Sigru has been explained in various ancient text books of Ayurveda. This review will keep an eye on the different properties of Sigru mentioned in various Ayurveda text books.
A Critical Analysis of Medhya Rasayana
Authors: KL Dr. Navyashree , Adiga Dr. Manjunatha
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Living in fast paced world “there is so much to learn but so little time to learn” is what people complaints. After people get into the job they tend to lose interest in reading books that’s where declaiming in the gaining of knowledge which in turn give rise to intellect. The creative mind to apply logic to analyze the subjects of day today life in necessary context is more important to become intellect in available time which may give more or less same intelligence as daily reading. Methods: Reviewed all available literature and e-source about the topic. Results: Unless Shodana is followed by Rasayana the benefits of Rasayana becomes similar to that of colorings the dirty cloth probably indirectly stating towards the Ashudha Shareera cannot keep the Manas to act as time demands. Yogas available for the purpose of Medhya are also beneficial in many of other health conditions may be stating that those Rasayana help in health condition which coordinated with Manas. Choosing the type of Rasayana becomes important to gain required benefits along wit Medhyakara Gana plays major role in attaining the Medhya. Discussion: Benefits of Rasayana cannot be attained just by undergoing Rasayana therapy which also requires individual to involve in the context to react intellect.
Los retos del servicio de policía para prevenir el reclutamiento ilícito en el posacuerdo
Authors: Pinzón Ramírez Jean Carlos , Remolina Mendoza Carlos Alberto , Rubiano Galera Juan Camilo , Cervantes Estrada Luis Carlos
Published: August 2020

Esta investigación cualitativa se desarrolló en Tumaco (Nariño), un municipio muy afectado por el reclutamiento forzado de niños, niñas y adolescentes, para analizar los retos de la Policía Nacional de Colombia en el marco del posacuerdo para enfrentar esta problemática. En el marco de la prevención como enfoque estratégico del servicio de policía, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, con lo cual se determinaron diversos factores que favorecen el fenómeno del reclutamiento ilícito. Se caracterizaron los Grupos Armados Posdesmovilización para comprender su accionar y sus riesgos para la población. Así, se encontró que los retos de la Policía Nacional implican enfrentar las causas de este fenómeno para prevenirlo, más que solo combatir sus efectos. Más aún, mantener alejados a los menores del conflicto armado y los grupos delincuenciales es un reto interinstitucional.
La inseguridad colectiva: respuestas a lo inesperado
Authors: Quintero Cordero Sara Patricia
Published: August 2020

Las estrategias adoptadas por los Estados frente a la actual pandemia se han enfocado en el ejercicio del poder a través de la intromisión en las libertades individuales, como una opción marcadamente biopolítica. Este artículo revisa los debates actuales sobre estas medidas y sus consecuencias, especialmente desde la filosofía y la política, con especial énfasis en la tensión entre seguridad, salud y economía. Se plantea cómo la necesidad de buscar soluciones frente a la amenaza de salud pública y el riesgo de muerte se aprovecha para anular la convivencia democrática por parte de algunos gobiernos actualmente. Asimismo, se discute la influencia de la biopolítica y su relación con las ideologías políticas de los gobiernos en tiempos de pandemia, para identificar la necesidad de ciertos cambios en el orden mundial pospandemia.
Creación de escenarios de diálogo intercultural para la eliminación de la mutilación genital femenina
Authors: Roa Avella Marcela del Pilar
Published: August 2020

La lucha por eliminar la mutilación genital femenina choca con diversas justificaciones provenientes de la tradición y la cultura de las comunidades que la practican. Esta investigación busca determinar cómo se relacionan dichas justificaciones con la resistencia a la aplicación universal de los derechos humanos. Para ello se hace una revisión y análisis bibliográfico y documental, en el marco del debate sobre diversidad cultural y la pretensión de universalidad de los derechos humanos, con el fin de comprender esas justificaciones y las dificultades que entraña para las niñas y mujeres decidir al respecto. Como resultado, se propone crear escenarios de diálogo intercultural para propiciar el empoderamiento de mujeres y niñas, generar la posibilidad de oponerse a esta práctica y promover la creación de rituales alternativos por las mismas comunidades.
Эффекты взаимодействия в смесях сегнетоэлектрических порошков C-=SUB=-6-=/SUB=-H-=SUB=-16-=/SUB=-NBr и PbTiO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Барышников С.В. , Милинский А.Ю.
Published: August 2020

The results of phase transitions studies in the mixture of C6H16NBr (DIPAB) and PbTiO3 powders and xPbTiO3−(1 − x)C6H16NBr composites for x from 0.05 to 0.45 by the method of differential thermal analysis (DTA) are reported. A comparative analysis of the DTA signal and ε΄(T) composites xPbTiO3−(1 − x)C6H16NBr is presented. It was shown that the addition of lead titanate to C6H16NBr leads to the appearance of new phase transitions both in composites and in powder mixtures.
Структурные свойства тонких пленок, полученных магнетронным распылением полидиацетилена
Authors: Стрелецкий О.А. , Завидовский И.А. , Нищак О.Ю. , Щеголихин А.Н. , Савченко Н.Ф.
Published: August 2020

In the work we studied films synthesized by RF-sputtering of monocrystalline polydiacetylene (PDA). Investigations of the structure were carried out by Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We showed that obtained films had heterogeneous structure containing nanoscaled inclusions of initial PDA and irregularly distributed sp/sp2 fragments of carbon chains.
Асимптотическое описание быстрых тепловых процессов в скалярных гармонических решетках
Authors: Кориков Д.В.
Published: August 2020

Thermal processes in d-dimensional (d = 1,2) scalar harmonic lattices with simple structure are considered. The redistribution between the averaged kinetic and potential energies of particles after instantaneous thermal excitation is described. At times much longer than the characteristic period of atomic oscillations, the difference between the kinetic and potential energies oscillates with amplitude decreasing by a power law (typically, the exponent is -d/2). The frequencies of the oscillations are determined from the dispersion relation for the lattice. The above results can be generalized for scalar and vector lattices of complex structure and various dimensions. As an example, the oscillations of the kinetic tmperature in the two-dimensional hexagonal lattice (graphene lattice) are investigated.
Кинетика структуры титанового сплава при высокоскоростном проникании ударника
Authors: Атрошенко С.А. , Григорьев А.Ю. , Савенков Г.Г.
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the behavior of a titanium alloy under conditions of high-speed penetration at a speed of approximately 2.0 km / s. It is shown that in the target during penetration, three penetration zones are observed that differ in the mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture.
Оптические свойства нанопорошков сульфида цинка и гетеронаноструктур ZnS/Ag-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S
Authors: Садовников С.И. , Попов И.Д.
Published: August 2020

ZnS nanopowders and ZnS/Ag2S heteronanostructures have been synthesized by chemical deposition from aqueous solutions. A change in the ratio between the concentrations of reagents in the reaction mixtures made it possible to obtain ZnS nanopowders with an average particle size of 2 to 10 nm. The size of Ag2S nanoparticles in the prepared heteronanostructures is 9-30 nm, the thickness of ZnS surface layer is 4-5 nm. The diffuse reflection spectra of nanostructured ZnS and ZnS/Ag2S heteronanostructures have been measured. By the analysis of measured spectra, the width of band gap Eg in studied sulfide nanostructures is estimated. The optical band gap Eg of the studied sulfide nanostructures has been estimated. An increase in the Eg values from 3.17 to 3.36 eV is observed with a decrease in the size of ZnS nanoparticles from 10 to 2 nm. An increase in the Ag2S content in ZnS/Ag2S heteronanostructures leads to a decrease in the optical band gap and decreasing the luminescence intensity.
Толеранс-фактор для соединений класса хантитов
Authors: Молокеев М.С. , Кузнецов С.О.
Published: August 2020

An analysis was made of 85 compounds with a huntite type structure RM3(BO3)4, where R = rare-earth element (Y, La - Lu), M = Al, Sc, Cr, Fe, Ga. Crystal structure analysis revealed the critical displacements of atoms at phase transition R32 ↔ P3121 and their dependence from ionic radii. As a result, the tolerance factor was derived and its threshold, below which the structure is stable in the R32 phase, and above which the structure is stable in the distorted phase P3121. The formula has been tested on over 30 compounds with the huntite type structure and gave good agreement. Therefore, it can be used with confidence to predict new compounds. At this work, the tolerance factor revealed consistent patterns in huntites that were previously unknown.
Outcomes of the Deployment of the Auto-Visual Acute Flaccid Paralysis Detection and Reporting (AVADAR) System for Strengthening Polio Surveillance in Africa From 2017 to 2018: Evaluation Study
Authors: Ticha Johnson Muluh , Akpan Godwin Ubong , Paige Lara MF , Senouci Kamel , Stein Andrew , Briand Patrick , Tuma Jude , Oyaole Daniel Rasheed , Ngofa Reuben , Maleghemi Sylvester , Touray Kebba , Salihu Abdullahi Ahmed , Diallo Mamadou , Tegegne Sisay Gashu , Bello Isah Mohammed , Idris Umar Kabo , Maduka Omosivie , Manengu Casimir , Shuaib Faisal , Galway Michael , Mkanda Pascal
Published: August 2020

Background

As we move toward a polio-free world, the challenge for the polio program is to create an unrelenting focus on smaller areas where the virus is still present, where children are being repeatedly missed, where immunity levels are low, and where surveillance is weak.

Objective

This article aimed to describe a possible solution to address weak surveillance systems and document the outcomes of the deployment of the Auto-Visual Acute Flaccid Paralysis Detection and Reporting (AVADAR) project.

Methods

This intervention was implemented in 99 targeted high-risk districts with concerns for silent polio circulation from eight countries in Africa between August 1, 2017, and July 31, 2018. A total of 6954 persons (5390 community informants and 1564 health workers) were trained and equipped with a smartphone on which the AVADAR app was configured to allow community informants to send alerts on suspected acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and allow health worker to use electronic checklists for investigation of such alerts. The AVADAR and Open Data Kit ONA servers were at the center of the entire process. A dashboard system and coordination teams for monitoring and supervision were put in place at all levels.

Results

Overall, 96.44% (24,142/25,032) of potential AFP case alerts were investigated by surveillance personnel, yielding 1414 true AFP cases. This number (n=1414) reported through AVADAR was higher than the 238 AFP cases expected during the study period in the AVADAR districts and the 491 true AFP cases reported by the traditional surveillance system. A total of 203 out of the 1414 true AFP cases reported were from special population settings, such as refugee camps and insecure areas. There was an improvement in reporting in silent health areas in all the countries using the AVADAR system. Finally, there were 23,473 reports for other diseases, such as measles, diarrhea, and cerebrospinal meningitis, using the AVADAR platform.

Conclusions

This article demonstrates the added value of AVADAR to rapidly improve surveillance sensitivity. AVADAR is capable of supporting countries to improve surveillance sensitivity within a short interval before and beyond polio-free certification.
African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review
Authors: Teadt Sierra , Burns Jade C , Montgomery Tiffany M , Darbes Lynae
Published: August 2020

Background

Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections.

Objective

The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA.

Methods

An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media.

Results

The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color.

Conclusions

New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.
What Factors Increase the Risk of Complications in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Patients? A Cohort Study in a Nationwide Israeli Health Organization
Authors: Yanover Chen , Mizrahi Barak , Kalkstein Nir , Marcus Karni , Akiva Pinchas , Barer Yael , Shalev Varda , Chodick Gabriel
Published: August 2020

Background

Reliably identifying patients at increased risk for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complications could guide clinical decisions, public health policies, and preparedness efforts. Multiple studies have attempted to characterize at-risk patients, using various data sources and methodologies. Most of these studies, however, explored condition-specific patient cohorts (eg, hospitalized patients) or had limited access to patients’ medical history, thus, investigating related questions and, potentially, obtaining biased results.

Objective

This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 complications from the complete medical records of a nationally representative cohort of patients, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Methods

We studied a cohort of all SARS-CoV-2–positive individuals, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing of either nasopharyngeal or saliva samples, in a nationwide health organization (covering 2.3 million individuals) and identified those who suffered from serious complications (ie, experienced moderate or severe symptoms of COVID-19, admitted to the intensive care unit, or died). We then compared the prevalence of pre-existing conditions, extracted from electronic health records, between complicated and noncomplicated COVID-19 patient cohorts to identify the conditions that significantly increase the risk of disease complications, in various age and sex strata.

Results

Of the 4353 SARS-CoV-2–positive individuals, 173 (4%) patients suffered from COVID-19 complications (all age ≥18 years). Our analysis suggests that cardiovascular and kidney diseases, obesity, and hypertension are significant risk factors for COVID-19 complications. It also indicates that depression (eg, males ≥65 years: odds ratio [OR] 2.94, 95% CI 1.55-5.58; P=.01) as well as cognitive and neurological disorders (eg, individuals ≥65 years old: OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.69-4.17; P<.001) are significant risk factors. Smoking and presence of respiratory diseases do not significantly increase the risk of complications.

Conclusions

Our analysis agrees with previous studies on multiple risk factors, including hypertension and obesity. It also finds depression as well as cognitive and neurological disorders, but not smoking and respiratory diseases, to be significantly associated with COVID-19 complications. Adjusting existing risk definitions following these observations may improve their accuracy and impact the global pandemic containment and recovery efforts.
Impact of a Commercial Artificial Intelligence–Driven Patient Self-Assessment Solution on Waiting Times at General Internal Medicine Outpatient Departments: Retrospective Study
Authors: Harada Yukinori , Shimizu Taro
Published: August 2020

Background

Patient waiting time at outpatient departments is directly related to patient satisfaction and quality of care, particularly in patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient departments for the first time. Moreover, reducing wait time from arrival in the clinic to the initiation of an examination is key to reducing patients’ anxiety. The use of automated medical history–taking systems in general internal medicine outpatient departments is a promising strategy to reduce waiting times. Recently, Ubie Inc in Japan developed AI Monshin, an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system for general internal medicine outpatient departments.

Objective

We hypothesized that replacing the use of handwritten self-administered questionnaires with the use of AI Monshin would reduce waiting times in general internal medicine outpatient departments. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine whether the use of AI Monshin reduced patient waiting times.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the waiting times of patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department at a Japanese community hospital without an appointment from April 2017 to April 2020. AI Monshin was implemented in April 2019. We compared the median waiting time before and after implementation by conducting an interrupted time-series analysis of the median waiting time per month. We also conducted supplementary analyses to explain the main results.

Results

We analyzed 21,615 visits. The median waiting time after AI Monshin implementation (74.4 minutes, IQR 57.1) was not significantly different from that before AI Monshin implementation (74.3 minutes, IQR 63.7) (P=.12). In the interrupted time-series analysis, the underlying linear time trend (–0.4 minutes per month; P=.06; 95% CI –0.9 to 0.02), level change (40.6 minutes; P=.09; 95% CI –5.8 to 87.0), and slope change (–1.1 minutes per month; P=.16; 95% CI –2.7 to 0.4) were not statistically significant. In a supplemental analysis of data from 9054 of 21,615 visits (41.9%), the median examination time after AI Monshin implementation (6.0 minutes, IQR 5.2) was slightly but significantly longer than that before AI Monshin implementation (5.7 minutes, IQR 5.0) (P=.003).

Conclusions

The implementation of an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system did not reduce waiting time for patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department without an appointment, and there was a slight increase in the examination time after implementation; however, the system may have enhanced the quality of care by supporting the optimization of staff assignments.
Shared Decision Making and Patient-Centered Care in Israel, Jordan, and the United States: Exploratory and Comparative Survey Study of Physician Perceptions (Preprint)
Authors: Zisman-Ilani Yaara , Obeidat Rana , Fang Lauren , Hsieh Sarah , Berger Zackary
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Shared decision making (SDM) is a health communication model that evolved in Europe and North America and largely reflects the values and medical practices dominant in these areas.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand the beliefs, perceptions, and practices related to SDM and patient-centered care (PCC) of physicians in Israel, Jordan, and the United States.

METHODS

A hypothesis-generating comparative survey study was administered to physicians from Israel, Jordan, and the United States.

RESULTS

A total of 36 surveys were collected via snowball sampling (Jordan: n=15; United States: n=12; Israel: n=9). SDM was perceived as a way to inform patients and allow them to participate in their care. Barriers to implementing SDM varied based on place of origin; physicians in the United States mentioned limited time, physicians in Jordan reported that a lack of patient education limits SDM practices, and physicians in Israel reported lack of communication training. Most US physicians defined PCC as a practice for prioritizing patient preferences, whereas both Jordanian and Israeli physicians defined PCC as a holistic approach to care and to prioritizing patient needs. Barriers to implementing PCC, as seen by US physicians, were mostly centered on limited appointment time and insurance coverage. In Jordan and Israel, staff shortage and a lack of resources in the system were seen as major barriers to PCC implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

The study adds to the limited, yet important, literature on SDM and PCC in areas of the world outside the United States, Canada, Australia, and Western Europe. The study suggests that perceptions of PCC might widely differ among these regions, whereas concepts of SDM might be shared. Future work should clarify these differences.
Knowledge, Attitude and Preparations Toward COVID-19 Among Dentists in Saudi Arabia: An Online Survey (Preprint)
Authors: Alharbi Abdulmajeed , Alharbi Khalid , Hameed Shaul , Elmoazen Ramy
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Dental professionals are one of the high-risk categories of getting infected with COVID-19 due to their work nature. The study was aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) related to COVID-19 and their clinical practice in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE

1-To evaluate the level of knowledge and attitude regarding the coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) among dentists in Saudi Arabia .
2-To evaluate the certainty level of dental practitioner in continuing dental practice and the preparedness in screening and dealing of COVID-19 patients .

METHODS

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a pre-tested and validated questionnaire. The questionnaire was comprised of closed-ended items related to KAPs. Participants' correct responses were scored and based on the total scores obtained, each domain was categorized into ‘good’, ‘fair’, and ‘poor’. Relationship with Sociodemographic details and KAP scores were analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test.

RESULTS

Most of the participants showed good scores in KAPs related to COVID-19. Saudi Dentists had comparatively better KAP scores compared to Non-Saudi dentists (p<0.001). Male dentists and specialist dentists had comparatively better knowledge scores than female and general dentists respectively (p<0.001). Dentists who had experience for less than 5 years demonstrated lesser knowledge and practice scores than others (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Dentists practice in Saudi Arabia had good knowledge, attitude, and practices towards COVID-19 and its importance in dentistry. Dentists should mandatorily follow all the guidelines and extra precautionary measures to stop the spread of this pandemic.
Concerns and Misconceptions About the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe App: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Thomas Rae , Michaleff Zoe A , Greenwood Hannah , Abukmail Eman , Glasziou Paul
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Timely and effective contact tracing is an essential public health measure for curbing the transmission of COVID-19. App-based contact tracing has the potential to optimize the resources of overstretched public health departments. However, its efficiency is dependent on widespread adoption.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the uptake of the Australian Government’s COVIDSafe app among Australians and examine the reasons why some Australians have not downloaded the app.

METHODS

An online national survey, with representative quotas for age and gender, was conducted between May 8 and May 11, 2020. Participants were excluded if they were a health care professional or had been tested for COVID-19.

RESULTS

Of the 1802 potential participants contacted, 289 (16.0%) were excluded prior to completing the survey, 13 (0.7%) declined, and 1500 (83.2%) participated in the survey. Of the 1500 survey participants, 37.3% (n=560) had downloaded the COVIDSafe app, 18.7% (n=280) intended to do so, 27.7% (n=416) refused to do so, and 16.3% (n=244) were undecided. Equally proportioned reasons for not downloading the app included privacy (165/660, 25.0%) and technical concerns (159/660, 24.1%). Other reasons included the belief that social distancing was sufficient and the app was unnecessary (111/660, 16.8%), distrust in the government (73/660, 11.1%), and other miscellaneous responses (eg, apathy and following the decisions of others) (73/660, 11.1%). In addition, knowledge about COVIDSafe varied among participants, as some were confused about its purpose and capabilities.

CONCLUSIONS

For the COVIDSafe app to be accepted by the public and used correctly, public health messages need to address the concerns of citizens, specifically privacy, data storage, and technical capabilities. Understanding the specific barriers preventing the uptake of contact tracing apps provides the opportunity to design targeted communication strategies aimed at strengthening public health initiatives, such as downloading and correctly using contact tracing apps.
ADHERENCE TO ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION TREATMENT GUIDELINES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN NIGERIA
Authors: IBEZIM ISAAC CHIJIOKE , NAYLOR IAN , ISAH ABDULMUMINU , IGBOELI NNEKA UCHENNA
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study determined the level of prescribers’ adherence to the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) guidelines for the management of hypertension at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Nigeria.

Methods: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design. Two groups were used: Group A (300 patients) were treated before the guidelines review in 2003, while Group B (200 patients) were treated after. The two study groups were compared, and systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or above was taken as the index of hypertension.

Results: There were 198 (66%) male patients in Group A, while Group B had 136 (68%) males. The highest age for Group A was 50–59 y for 89 (30%) patients, unlike group B that had 58 (29%) patients in aged 40–49 y as the highest. The highest blood pressure range for patients in Group A was 150–159 mm Hg for 64 (21%) patients, unlike Group B that had 43 (22%) patients as the highest in the same range. Furosemide was present in 282 (24%) prescriptions for group A patients. However, atenolol was present in 61 (20%) prescriptions for the same group. In group B, Furosemide was prescribed in 197 (97%) encounters, while Nifedipine was found in 81(40%) prescriptions.

Conclusion: Prescribers at LUTH complied substantially with WHO/ISH guidelines in the management of hypertension. Diuretics and beta-blockers were used before the guideline review. After the review, diuretics and calcium channel blockers were the most frequently prescribed antihypertensives.
SYNTHESIS OF SOME 2,3-DIHYDRO-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES AND 4,5-DIHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLES AS ANTICANCER AGENTS
Authors: YAHYA TAWFEEK A. , ABDULLAH JALAL H.
Published: August 2020

Objective: The main objective of this work was to synthesize and evaluate the novel 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole derivatives for cytotoxic activities.

Methods: The 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 4a-h were synthesized by cyclization of N'-(substituted-benzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide 3a-e in refluxing acetic anhydride. The 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 4a-h were converted into the corresponding 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazoles 5a-h using ammonia. All the synthesized compounds were identified, depending on the physical and spectral data. Title compounds were assessed for their cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell line (MCF-7) by using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay.

Results: All the synthesized compounds showed characteristic peaks in FTIR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. The results of the in vitro cytotoxic activity revealed that the compound 4c exhibited equipotent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 8.04 µM when compared with that of standard drug doxorubicin (IC50= 8.02 µM). The reminder compounds have shown good to moderate cytotoxic activities when compared with that of a reference standard.

Conclusion: We synthesized a series of title compounds in quantitative yields. Most derivatives showed moderate to good cytotoxic activity.
COMBINATION OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA AND PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS FOR HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY IN ETHANOL AND ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUGS INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS
Authors: ASHOK PURNIMA , P. LAVANYA , K. HEMANTH , K. M. SANDESH , SURANA YUVRAJ SINGH
Published: August 2020

Objective: To evaluate the synergistic protective effect of Momordica charantia and Phyllanthus amarus combination (MC+PA) of doses 200 and 400 mg/kg on the liver in different experimental models of hepatotoxicity.

Methods: The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated in ethanol and anti-tubercular drugs (isoniazid-INH, rifampicin-RIF) induced hepatotoxicity models. Hepatotoxicity in both models was induced to all groups except the normal control. Intoxicated rats were treated with silymarin and various doses of MC+PA for 8 d in ethanol-induced and 21 d in INH+RIF induced hepatotoxicity models. At the completion of study, the biochemical markers and the anti-oxidant status (SOD and MDA) were measured and also the histopathological evaluation of the liver tissue was carried out.

Results: Combination therapy remarkably reduced the elevated profile of the biochemical markers and thereby improved the anti-oxidant status, thus exhibiting the synergistic hepatoprotective effect when compared with the positive control group (p<0.001). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated that MC+PA decreased the liver damage significantly in comparison with the positive group.

Conclusion: The current work suggests that the combined extract showed synergistic effects on ethanol and anti-tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity models by significantly decreasing the liver damage.
THE CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR THE EMERGING PANDEMIC: COVID-19
Authors: V. B. CHANDANA KUMARI , PATIL SHASHANK M. , SHIRAHATTI PRITHVI S. , S. SUJAY , M. TEJASWINI , RANGANATHA LAKSHMI V. , M. K. JAYANTHI , RAMU RAMITH
Published: August 2020

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the extremely communicable viral infection coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19). Initially the virus was found at Wuhan, china which spread across the world exponentially and in a very short span. This outbreak has turned out to be a global health crisis and recently WHO regarded it as pandemic. The origin of the virus is predicted as either the natural selection in animal host prior to the transfer of the pathogen from animals to humans or the natural selection in humans and following transfer. Nevertheless, there is an extensive spread of virus by human to human transfer in the form of droplets. A few antiviral drugs are at the stage of clinical trials to eradicate the covid-19. In this review, a comprehensive approach is put forth to scrutinise the etiology, pathogenicity and transmission of SARS CoV-2. The review also deliberates broadly on the diagnosis and status of therapeutic treatment developed. It also focuses on the preventive and controlling measures from different sectors of the society. The review covers the details reported in 70 studies which were chosen after keyword searches carried out leading to over 884 resulting articles.
NEEDS AND UTILIZATION OF DRUG-INFORMATION RESOURCES OF HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS IN AN ACADEMIC TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: ALAKEEL YOUSIF S. , ALMUTAIRI DIYANA , LAYQAH LAILA
Published: August 2020

Objective: To investigate the drug-related information needs of healthcare providers (HCPs), their utilization of drug information resources as well as the main factors influencing the selection of resources.Methods: A total of 393 HCPs were conveniently selected and invited to complete a questionnaire. Stratified sampling was used for the three subpopulations of physicians, pharmacists, and nurses. The questionnaire was coded, validated, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SAS version 9.2).Results: Of 450 HCPs approached, 393 completed the questionnaire (response rate 87%). Information related to drug dosage/administration, indications, and interactions is the most frequently required, 47%, 44%, and 34%, respectively. The majority of the sample perceived the Internet (69.47%) and electronic databases (67.43%) as “very useful.” Printed materials (46.56%) and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) (44.78%) or calling the pharmacy (43.26%) were also useful resources of information followed by using electronic books and journals (38.42%) and asking colleagues (32.32%). The majority (53.18%) described consulting a clinical pharmacist as “very useful.” However, 16% of the nurse group and 35% of the physician group were not aware of the existence of the Drug Information Center (DIC) and more than 8% of the participants consider calling the DIC about drug-related information “not useful”.Conclusion: Digital resources are used by HCPs more frequently than traditional resources, consulting a clinical pharmacist or calling the DIC. Providing reliable electronic resources and raising the awareness of HCPs regarding the role of a clinical pharmacist and DIC for patient-specific therapies should be instituted.
CONVALESCENT PLASMA THERAPY: A NOVEL APPROACH TO A NOVEL CORONAVIRUS
Authors: JOSE JOICY , BABU JOHNSON V. , MISHRA BHARAT
Published: August 2020

Objective: The Corona virus-induced disease-19 (COVID-19) turning to its aggressive phase of spreading, the treatment options where less and several options are trialing and seeking. Convalescent plasma therapy is one of the newest trailing therapy for COVID patients today without other definite treatment. The convalescent plasma (CP) therapy is used previously and identified its benefits in other conditions. But in the case of COVID 19 the effects and safety should be ensured for its implementation.

Methods: Systematically searched in Pub Med and other authentic sources for articles of interest.

Results: This review includes 5 studies, over all 26 patients who treated CP and following progressions and events. All became clinically better and the antibody titer increased in the patients. Not only that the viral load decreased with a reduction in inflammatory markers

Conclusion: These small studies and case series suggest that CP is effective and safety is high for clinical recover and reduction in viral load.
ORGANIZOVANI KRIMINAL: NEVOJNA PRETNJA NACIONALNOJ BEZBEDNOSTI
Authors: Malibasic Zoran
Published: August 2020

Kroz čitavu istoriju, primarna pretnja po bezbednost jedne države dolazila je od strane vojnih potencijala suprotstavljenih država ili vojnih koalicija. Poslednje dekade donose nam izmenjene okolnosti, u kojima je sve veća pretnja po nacionalnu bezbednost kreirana od strane nedržavnih aktera. Ovaj rad u prvi plan ističe negativne efekte organizovanog kriminala, koji predstavlja osnovnu nevojnu pretnju po nacionalnu bezbednost, te konstantnu i slojevitu opasnost koju je izuzetno teško prepoznati i na nju adekvatno reagovati. Organizovani kriminal predstavlja kompleksnu pojavu u savremenom društvu ne samo po širokom spektru pojavnih oblika oličenih u brojnim krivičnim delima, već i zbog činjenice da njegovo delovanje proizvodi direktne negativne posledice na ekonomski sistem države, samim tim i na donošenje najvažnijih državnih odluka u sferi privredno-političkih odnosa, ali i u sektoru bezbednosti. Autor analizira pojavne oblike i karakteristike savremenog organizovanog kriminala, kao i genezu ove negativne pojave sa kojima se susreću sve države sveta. Takođe, istaknuta je i multidimenzionalnost posledica koje brojni pojavni oblici organizovanog kriminala imaju po bezbednost države na nacionalnom nivou, ali i na nivou međunarodne zajednice. Konačno, istaknuta je neophodnost interdisciplinarnog pristupa u teorijskom izučavanju ove negativne društvene pojave, kao i neophodnost saradnje na globalnom nivou kako bi se pasivizirali negativni efekti delovanja organizovanih kriminalnih grupa.
ZNAČAJ I ULOGA POJEDINIH MEĐUNARODNIH ORGANIZACIJA ZA BORBU PROTIV KORUPCIJE I ODGOVORNOST DRŽAVE
Authors: Radosavljevic Emina
Published: August 2020

Iako međunarodna zajednica definiše korupciju kao najveću bezbednosnu pretnju današnjice zbog toga što povezuje organizovani kriminal, pranje novca, terorizam i druge bezbednosne pretnje, borba protiv njenih aktera, pogotovo u slučajevima kada zauzimaju visoke političke funkcije, uglavnom se završava u okvirima nacionalnog pravosuđa. Međutim, postojanje jedinstvenog tržišta i slobodnog kretanja roba, kapitala i usluga „otvara” vrata svim oblicima korupcije i daje joj neograničene mogućnosti za širenje. Zbog toga je na inicijativu aktera međunarodne zajednice osnovano nekoliko međunarodnih organizacija koje sa raznim nadležnostima i ovlašćenjima sprovode različite aktivnosti za suzbijanje korupcije, prethodno podstičući države na razne načine da uvrste u nacionalna zakonodavstva međunarodno prihvaćene standarde. U navedenom radu su analizirani osnivanje i uloga nekoliko ovakvih organizacija koje na međunarodnom planu imaju glavnu ulogu u borbi protiv korupcije kao i dometi te njihove borbe.
MOTIVAÇÕES PARA A ROTATIVIDADE DE USUÁRIOS EM ACADEMIAS DE GINÁSTICA
Authors: Pereira Filho Evadio , Costa Ruan Rodrigo Araújo da , Anez Miguel Eduardo Moreno , Dantas Marke Geisy da Silva
Published: August 2020

Este artigo propôs a compreensão dos motivos que levam os usuários a trocarem uma academia de ginástica por outra. A teoria fundamentada foi empregada como desenho de pesquisa, com uso de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Foram interrogados cinco membros de academias de Natal/RN e que tinham executado pelos menos uma troca de estabelecimento. A análise temática orientou a avaliação dos materiais transcritos, executando codificações aberta, axial e seletiva. O trabalho permitiu o desenvolvimento de um framework capaz de apontar os fatores que explicaram a rotatividade no setor de fitness. Os antecedentes deste fenômeno resumiram-se a dimensão intrínseca ao sujeito e a dimensão extrínseca, relativa ao ambiente da academia. A primeira compreendeu restrições intrapessoais, parcerias, obrigações externas e necessidades, ao passo que a outra englobou core service, conveniência, administração e imagem, condições de segurança, higienização, estratégias de precificação, aspectos tangíveis e staff team. Constataram-se interrelações entre elementos das duas dimensões. Os resultados colaboram para o enriquecimento do campo temático do comportamento do consumidor no contexto fitness, e permitem a replicação do modelo teórico em estudos futuros.
COMPREENDENDO A INFLUÊNCIA DOS VALORES PESSOAIS NA PRONTIDÃO E NA INTENÇÃO DE USO DE TECNOLOGIAS
Authors: Radons Daiane Lindner , Sccott Carla Rosane da Costa , Estivalete Vania de Fátima Barros , Löbler Mauri Leodir
Published: August 2020

A partir da ampla disseminação e utilização da internet para diferentes finalidades, torna-se necessário investigar aspectos individuais que afetam a propensão das pessoas em adotar produtos e serviços tecnológicos. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve como objetivo verificar a influência dos valores pessoais na prontidão tecnológica e na Intenção de Continuidade de Uso das tecnologias pelos jovens. Na seção teórica, foram apresentados os conceitos e abordagens sobre valores pessoais e prontidão à tecnologia, assim como a fundamentação para a proposição das hipóteses do estudo. Uma survey foi aplicada aos estudantes e para o desenvolvimento do instrumento de coleta de dados foram utilizados três modelos teóricos: i) Questionário de Perfis de Valores – PQV (SCHWARTZ, 2005; SCHWARTZ et al., 2001); ii) Prontidão para o Uso da Tecnologia – TRI (PARASURAMAN, 2000); e, iii) Modelo de Pós Aceitação de Sistema de Informação – PAM (BHATTACHERJEE, 2001). A análise dos resultados demonstrou que seis hipóteses foram confirmadas, indicando que a Continuidade de uso é influenciada pelo Otimismo, Inovatividade e valores de Abertura à Mudança. Além disso, os valores pessoais de Abertura à Mudança e Conservação impactam positivamente os condutores e um dos inibidores de propensão ao uso de tecnologias. Concluiu-se que os valores pessoais são fatores relevantes para a propensão de uso de tecnologias.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS CAPACIDADES DINÂMICAS PARA A INOVAÇÃO SOB A LENTE DOS MICROFUNDAMENTOS
Authors: Aguiar Samuel Souza , Froehlich Cristiane , Zanandrea Gabriela , Nodari Cristine Hermann , Schmidt Serje
Published: August 2020

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a contribuição das capacidades dinâmicas para a inovação, a partir da lente dos microfundamentos, utilizando o caso do parque temático de entretenimento Snowland, localizado na cidade de Gramado, no Rio Grande do Sul. De forma a compreender o objetivo delineado no estudo, relacionou-se a inovação com o modelo teórico definido por Teece (2007) composto pelas capacidades de identificar (Sensing), aproveitar (Seizing) e reconfigurar (Reconfiguring) e com o modelo de Teece, Pisano e Shuen (1997) que contempla a trajetória, posição e os processos organizacionais de uma empresa para inovação. A metodologia classifica-se em um estudo de caso, descritivo e qualitativo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com as lideranças estratégicas e por meio de documentos da organização. Os resultados indicam que as capacidades dinâmicas contribuem para a inovação por meio das capacidades de identificação, aproveitamento e reconfiguração e seus microfundamentos, e também, por meio da análise da trajetória, posição e processos organizacionais.
Sum-of-squares decompositions for a family of noncontextuality inequalities and self-testing of quantum devices
Authors: Saha Debashis , Santos Rafael , Augusiak Remigiusz
Published: August 2020

Violation of a noncontextuality inequality or the phenomenon referred to `quantum contextuality' is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. In this article, we derive a novel family of noncontextuality inequalities along with their sum-of-squares decompositions in the simplest (odd-cycle) sequential-measurement scenario capable to demonstrate Kochen-Specker contextuality. The sum-of-squares decompositions allow us to obtain the maximal quantum violation of these inequalities and a set of algebraic relations necessarily satisfied by any state and measurements achieving it. With their help, we prove that our inequalities can be used for self-testing of three-dimensional quantum state and measurements. Remarkably, the presented self-testing results rely on a single assumption about the measurement device that is much weaker than the assumptions considered in Kochen-Specker contextuality.