bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Security Enhancement through the Allocation of a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) in a Power Network for Congestion Management
Authors: Rajderkar Vedashree P. , Chandrakar Vinod K.
Published: August 2023

The electricity demand is continuously increasing, so a most efficient use of the current power system's capacity is desired. Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTSs), a recently developed transmission technology, are widely used to boost the power transfer ability of long-distance transmission line networks and to enhance the consistency of the transmission systems. The use of FACTS devices can lead to reduced flows on heavily loaded lines, targeted bus voltage levels, and better power network stability. In this study, an optimization method based on the optimal position of the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is suggested to boost system security. It is decided that the real power flow is the best place for the UPFC in this instance. The optimal placement during congestion has been determined using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the sensitivity to the useful power flow index. Congestion is produced on the network and system performance is evaluated. The proposed solutions are evaluated in the IEEE 30 bus network before being implemented in MATLAB. In the case of congestion, the security of the network is evaluated after connecting the UPFC. The effectiveness of the proposed solution was verified with the help of the Power World Simulator 16.0.
Importance of incidental coronary artery calcification in early diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Ilgar Mehtap , Dağ Nurullah , Türkoğlu Caner
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The early diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) enables early intervention for the modifiable risk factors of the disease. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected incidentally on standard noncontrast chest computed tomography (CT) provides an opportunity for the early diagnosis of CAD. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that CAC should be routinely reported when evaluating thoracic CT examinations. Routine reporting of CAC will contribute to the early diagnosis of CAD.

Material and methods

The present study included 279 patients who underwent conventional coronary angiography (CAG) and CT within one month before undergoing CAG. The CAG and CT images of the patients were evaluated retrospectively. The levels of coronary artery stenosis were determined in reference to the CAG images. The CAC scores of the patients were calculated using the Weston method based on their chest CT images.

Results

The mean age of the patients was 63.2 ± 11.5 (range, 41-93) years, and 172 (61.6%) of them were men. The Weston score (WS) was 0 in 18.9% of the patients with obstructive CAD (OCAD), whereas it was ≥ 7 in 27.9% of patients. All patients with a WS of ≥ 7 had OCAD. All patients without luminal stenosis or < 50% stenosis had a WS of < 7.

Conclusions

The CAC score is useful for the diagnosis of CAD and OCAD. If CAC is identified on standard noncontrast chest CT, it should be scored and reported accordingly. The WS can be used for CAC scoring.
Assessment of sodium (23Na) brain MRI at 3T – preliminary results
Authors: Wawrzyniak Pawel , Hebda Anna , Awramienko-Włoczek Aleksandra , Mazgaj Patrycja , Heinze Sylwia , Bobek-Billewicz Barbara
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this work was to establish a database of tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in the normal brain of healthy volunteers. Tissue sodium concentration can be used as a sensitive marker of tissue viability in stroke or radiation therapy monitoring.

Material and methods

Thirty-seven volunteers were scanned with a 23Na protocol in the span of one year; within this group, 29 studies were of acceptable quality. The study was approved by the Local Bioethics Committee. Data were acquired during a single magnetic resonance (MR) scanner session. The single scanner session consisted of 23Na 3D radial gradient echo (GRE) acquisition, MPRage, SPACE-FLAIR, and Resolve-DTI. MPRage images were segmented to obtain masks of the grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which were registered to the sodium image space for image analysis. Images were transformed into TSC maps – a signal calibration curve obtained from the reference phantom of known sodium concentration and known relaxation time.

Results

The collected data were analysed in 2 different ways: volunteers were divided by sex and by age. No significant differences in TSC were found between sexes. In all comparisons there was a significant difference in TSC between younger and older volunteers. In healthy volunteers mean TSC were as follows: GM 33.21 ± 4.76 mmol/l, WM 28.41 ± 4.03 mmol/l and for CSF 41.3 ± 6.69 mmol/l.

Conclusions

This preliminary work is a base for further work with sodium imaging in brain lesions. The entirety of the col­lected data will be useful in the future as a baseline brain TSC for comparison to values obtained from pathologies.
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient as treatment response markers of skull base osteomyelitis: a preliminary study
Authors: Baba Akira , Kurokawa Ryo , Kurokawa Mariko , Srinivasan Ashok
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Currently, there is no definitive consensus on the optimal imaging modality for determining the treatment response in patients with skull base osteomyelitis (SBO). This study aimed to investigate the utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as treatment response markers of SBO.

Material and methods

This study included 6 patients with SBO, who underwent both pre- and post-treatment DCE-MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Quantitative DCE-MRI parameters and ADC of the region-of-interest were analysed. These normalized parameters were calculated by dividing the region-of-interest by the reference region. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare these parameters between pre- and post-treatment periods.

Results

The normalized fraction of the extravascular extracellular space (Ve) and ADC of the post-treatment status of SBO was significantly lower than those of pre-treatment measures (p = 0.03). The normalized fraction of blood plasma (Vp), normalized rate of transfer from the blood plasma into the extravascular extracellular space (Ktrans), and normalized backflow leakage of material from the extravascular extracellular space into the blood plasma (Kep) demonstrated no significant differences between pre- and post-treatment.

Conclusions

DCE-MRI parameters Ve and ADC demonstrated a significant reduction when comparing measures across the pre- and post-treatment periods. These parameters may potentially serve as a valuable surrogate treatment response marker for SBO activity.
Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan SAK EMKM Bagi Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah di Kecamatan Gebang
Authors: Sakdiah Khairani , Pohan Anjur , Sinaga Asmawarna
Published: August 2023

Each region typically boasts its distinctive flagship products within the realm of SMEs, and this holds true for the Gebang sub-district of Langkat Regency, where roadside businesses thrive with their specialty products like "Cassava Chips" and "Dodol," a traditional Indonesian confection. According to Law No. 20 of 2008 on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), a micro-enterprise is defined as a productive enterprise owned by an individual or a sole proprietorship entity that meets the micro-enterprise criteria as outlined in this Law. Thus, the formulation of comprehensive financial reports aids in planning future endeavors, thereby facilitating the creation of business plans that anticipate potential eventualities and strategically chart the path forward. Incorporating a comprehensive financial statement based on MSME Financial Accounting Standards (SAK EMKM) encompasses a balance sheet, income statement, and notes to the financial statements. The balance sheet should encompass at least cash and cash equivalents, receivables, inventory, fixed assets, trade payables, bank loans, and equity. The income statement portrays the relationship between an entity's income and expenses. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques comprising observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis is based on a month-long research period, and the findings are examined using descriptive analysis methods. The questionnaire, distributed to 17 respondents with 20 statements each, underwent statistical analysis, revealing the perception of MSME managers regarding the presentation of financial reports in accordance with MSME Financial Accounting Standards to be of a "Not Good/Low" rating. Contributing factors to this perception include the limited accounting understanding of MSME operators, their inadequate accounting knowledge preventing activities such as ledger and journal recording and financial statement preparation. Additionally, MSME operators lack a comprehensive understanding of the significance of financial reports in business operations and remain unfamiliar with MSME Financial Accounting Standards.
Políticas públicas de acesso à água na perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos: Um olhar sobre a transposição do Rio São Francisco, Brasil
Authors: Aguiar Wagner José de , Selva Vanice Santiago Fragoso
Published: August 2023

Entendendo a água como direito humano fundamental, este artigo analisa em que medida o Projeto de Transposição do Rio São Francisco se firma como uma política pública na perspectiva dos direitos humanos. Por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico e documental, foram obtidas e verificadas informações sobre a implementação da política, desde sua concepção até o estágio atual. A análise se deu a partir de três princípios transversais, que caracterizam uma política pública situada na perspectiva dos direitos humanos, trazidos na literatura adotada: princípio da igualdade, princípio da participação e princípio do acesso à informação. As evidências apontam para uma política de violação sistêmica de direitos humanos de dezenas de comunidades indígenas e outras populações ribeirinhas que vivem na bacia do Rio São Francisco, bem como de negligência aos dispositivos internacionais e constitucionais endereçados à proteção e garantia dos direitos fundamentais das populações negativamente atingidas pelo projeto.
MEVLEVİHANELERİN OSMANLI VE KONYA MÜZİK KÜLTÜRÜNDE OYNADIĞI SİVİL TOPLUM ÖRGÜTÜ ROLÜ VE ETKİLERİ
Authors: GÜRKAN Barış
Published: August 2023

Müzik gelenekleri, yaşayan ve toplumsal bir olgu olarak doğası gereği değişim ve süreklilik ikiliğinde bir denge arayışındadır. Bu ikilik durumunda değişime yönelik eğilim, o toplumun ortak çıkarlarıyla ilişkili olmalıdır ve bir konsensüse ihtiyaç duyar. Sivil toplum örgütlerinin bu değişim üzerindeki rolü kamuoyu üretebilme, kurumsal olarak tekrar eden pratiklerle ve mensuplarının toplu çabalarıyla bunu içinde bulundukları toplumun kültürel yaşamına sirayet ettirebilme güçleri bakımından önemlidir. Hatta oluşturdukları kamuoyu ile rızaya dayalı bir gündem oluşturabilme kabiliyetlerinden dolayı devletin baskıcı politikalarından çok daha hızlı ve kalıcı etki gösterebilmeleri dikkat çekicidir.

Osmanlı Devleti’nin yönetim anlayışında odaklanılan alanlardan biri olmayan kültürel hayat, dönemin sivil toplum örgütü niteliğindeki yerel veya ülke sınırlarında farklı yerlerde kurumsal yapılanmasını inşa etmiş lonca ve tarikat gibi oluşumların ürettiği kamuoyundan etkilenmiştir. Mevlevihaneler de başta Konya ve İstanbul olmak üzere Osmanlı Devleti sınırları boyunca pek çok noktada devletin ihmal ettiği müzik alanında kurumsal himayesi ve oluşturduğu sanat kamuoyu ile günümüzde sivil toplum örgütlerinin oynadığı rolü yerine getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Mevlevihanelerin Osmanlı ve Konya müzik kültüründeki önemli etkisinin sivil toplum örgütü rolü bağlamında nasıl gerçekleştiğini incelemeyi amaçlar
Tinjauan Yuridis Pemanfaatan Ciptaan Lagu Secara Komersial Pada Restoran/Cafe Dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 Tentang Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu Dan/Atau Musik
Authors: Siangli Putri Christine Vina Siangli Putri , Nurhayati Yati , Aini Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Hak cipta yakni bagian dari hak kekayaan intelektual sebagai hasil pikir otak seseorang. Lagu yakni bagian dari jenis dari hak cipta yang telah mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dari perbuatan yang merugikan pencipta lagu sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 mengenai Hak Cipta. Setiap orang maupun kegiatan usaha seperti restoran/café boleh memanfaatkan lagu dari seorang pencipta secara komersial dalam pelayanan publik asalkan memenuhi persyaratan dan mekanisme yang ditentukan serta membayar royalti. Namun secara yuridis normatif, baik Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 maupun Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 tidak menjelaskan pengertian pemanfaatan lagu secara komersial tersebut serta mengenai prosedur pembayaran royalti, masalah ini tentunya memerlukan kepastian hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, maka Pertama, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 telah menentukan mengenai pemanfaatan lagu secara komersial dalam pelayanan publik. Namun tidak menentukan dan menjelaskan maksud dari pemanfaatan lagu secara komersial dalam pelayanan publik, hal ini perlu pengaturan secara jelas demi kepastian hukum. Kedua, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 menentukan maka setiap orang yang memanfaatkan lagu secara komersial dalam pelayanan publik wajib membayar royalti. Namun tidak ditentukan mengenai prosedur pembayaran royalti tersebut, hal ini perlu diatur secara jelas demi kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan lagu secara komersial dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 mengenai Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu dan/atau Musik. Kemudian bagaimana prosedur pembayaran royalti atas pemanfaatan ciptaan lagu secara komersial dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 56 Tahun 2021 mengenai Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu dan/atau Musik. Penelitian ini memakai jenis penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu penelitian terhadap data sekunder berupa bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier  yang dikumpulkan melalui studi Pustaka.
Market Innovation and Competitiveness of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Asisi Gorret Idah , Egessa Robert
Published: August 2023

The dynamics of change in the business environments catalysed by globalization, changing consumer preferences, and the whirlwind development of technology have exerted immense pressure on commercial banks to introduce new approaches to enter new markets and exploit existing ones. Market innovation has thus become a vital tool for survival and development. This study examined the influence of market innovation on the competitiveness of Commercial Banks in Kenya. The study was guided by the dynamic capability theory. The study utilized a positivist research philosophy. Descriptive and correlational research designs were used. The target population consisted of 175 directors and general managers of tier-one commercial banks in the following departments based in head office: Research and Development, Marketing and Communication, Customer Service, Credit, and Payments. Banks were classified into tiers through stratified sampling. Managers were classified into directors and general manager levels. Simple random sampling was then employed to select 122 respondents. Primary data was collected using closed and open-ended questionnaires. Reliability was tested by a pilot study done on Equity Bank. To ensure content validity, the research questionnaire was subjected to thorough examination with two university supervisors and two experts from the banking sector. The study adopted the Principal Component Analysis approach to test for construct validity. The study utilized descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive analysis included the use of frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics employed correlation and regression analysis. Correlation was done using Pearson’s product moment while regression was conducted using simple linear regression. Data collected from open-ended questionnaires was analyzed using content analysis. Results were presented in the form of tables, graphs, and pie charts. The study findings reveal that market innovation influenced the competitiveness of commercial banks in Kenya. There was a statistically significant relationship between market innovation and competitiveness (r=0.651, p<0.000) which indicated that there was a significant relationship between market innovation and competitiveness of Commercial Banks in Kenya. The study thus recommends that commercial banks should embrace market innovation as a tool to achieve competitiveness. Market innovation should be enhanced by carrying out continuous market surveys, use of account cash flows to measure clients’ financial strength, regular reviews on bank marketing strategies to match the dynamic business environment, differentiated product offering, promotional campaigns on various media platforms, use of artificial intelligence technology to target new customers and use of intermediaries to onboard new clients.
A INFLUÊNCIA DO JOGO DE XADREZ NO RENDIMENTO ESCOLAR NAS TURMAS DE PRIMEIRO ANO DO ENSINO MÉDIO REGULAR
Authors: Souza Anderson da Silva
Published: August 2023

A pesquisa apresentada tem como base inicial a disciplina de Educação Física. O objetivo geral deste estudo é desenhar uma intervenção pedagógica interdisciplinar baseada no Jogo de Xadrez, nas turmas de 1º ano do Ensino Médio Regular, como ferramenta desportiva educacional, com as expectativas na melhoria do rendimento escolar e com objetivos específicos de identificar os problemas de rendimento e indisciplina dos alunos. A pesquisa foi realizada em etapas: com a fundamentação teórica sobre a relação dos Jogos gerais e do Jogo de Xadrez com a Educação Física, rendimento escolar e indisciplina, interdisciplinaridade e implementação da tecnologia no contexto desportivo educacional. Nos resultados obtidos, podemos demonstrar aspectos positivos quanto á parte de evolução de rendimento escolar. Conclui-se que a utilização de um plano de ação de caráter desportivo educacional, é muito útil para dar motivação aos estudos e criar um ambiente mais harmônico no processo ensino-aprendizagem.
Particle inertial effects on radar Doppler spectra simulation
Authors: Zhu Zeen , Kollias Pavlos , Yang Fan
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Radar Doppler spectra observations provide a wealth of information about cloud and precipitation microphysics and dynamics. The interpretation
of these measurements depends on our ability to simulate these observations
accurately using a forward model. The effect of small-scale turbulence on the radar Doppler spectra shape has been traditionally treated by implementing the convolution process on the hydrometeor reflectivity spectrum and environmental turbulence. This approach assumes that all the particles in the radar sampling volume respond the same to turbulent-scale velocity fluctuations and neglects the particle inertial effect. Here, we investigate the inertial effects of liquid-phase particles on the forward modeled radar Doppler spectra. A physics-based simulation (PBS) is developed to demonstrate that big droplets, with large inertia, are unable to follow the rapid change of the velocity field in a turbulent environment. These findings are incorporated into a new radar Doppler spectra simulator. Comparison between the traditional and newly formulated radar Doppler spectra simulators indicates that the conventional simulator leads to an unrealistic broadening of the spectrum, especially in a strong turbulent environment. This study provides clear evidence to illustrate the droplet inertial effect on radar Doppler spectrum and develops a physics-based simulator framework to accurately emulate the Doppler spectrum for a given droplet size distribution (DSD) in a turbulence field. The proposed simulator has various potential applications for the cloud and precipitation studies, and it provides a valuable tool to decode the cloud microphysical and dynamical properties from Doppler radar observation.
Direct Observational Evidence from Space of the Effect of CO2 Increase on Longwave Spectral Radiances: The Unique Role of High Spectral Resolution Measurements
Authors: Teixeira Joao , Wilson Robert C. , Thrastarson Heidar T.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. We present a direct measurement of the impact of increased atmospheric CO2 on the spectra of Earth's longwave radiation obtained from space. The goal of this study is to experimentally confirm that the direct effects of CO2 increase on the Earth’s outgoing longwave spectra follow theoretical estimates, by developing a methodology that allows for a direct and more precise comparison between theory and observations. In this methodology, a search is performed to find selected ensembles of observed atmospheric vertical profiles of temperature and water vapor that are as close as possible to each other in terms of their values. By analysing the spectral radiances measured from space by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), corresponding to the selected ensembles of profiles, the effects of increased CO2 on the spectra can be isolated from the temperature and water vapor effects. The results illustrate the impact of the increase of CO2 on the longwave spectra and compare well with theoretical estimates. As far as the authors are aware, this is the first time that the spectral signature of the increase of CO2 (isolated from temperature and water vapor changes) has been directly observed from space.
Automatic snow type classification of snow micropenetrometer profiles with machine learning algorithms
Authors: Kaltenborn Julia , Macfarlane Amy R. , Clay Viviane , Schneebeli Martin
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Snow-layer segmentation and classification are essential diagnostic tasks for various cryospheric applications. The SnowMicroPen (SMP) measures the snowpack's penetration force at submillimeter intervals in snow depth. The resulting depth–force profile can be parameterized for density and specific surface area. However, no information on traditional snow types is currently extracted automatically. The labeling of snow types is a time-intensive task that requires practice and becomes infeasible for large datasets. Previous work showed that automated segmentation and classification is, in theory, possible but cannot be applied to data straight from the field or needs additional time-costly information, such as from classified snow pits. We evaluate how well machine learning models can automatically segment and classify SMP profiles to address this gap. We trained 14 models, among them semi-supervised models and artificial neural networks (ANNs), on the MOSAiC SMP dataset, an extensive collection of snow profiles on Arctic sea ice. SMP profiles can be successfully segmented and classified into snow classes based solely on the SMP's signal. The model comparison provided in this study enables SMP users to choose a suitable model for their task and dataset. The findings presented will facilitate and accelerate snow type identification through SMP profiles. Anyone can access the tools and models needed to automate snow type identification via the software repository “snowdragon”. Overall, snowdragon creates a link between traditional snow classification and high-resolution force–depth profiles. Traditional snow profile observations can be compared to SMP profiles with such a tool.
الأهمية التاريخية لمعركة ذي قار الخالدة
Authors: موفق طالب جواد
Published: August 2023

معركة ذي قار او يوم ذي قار هو اليوم الذي هزمت به العرب الفرس، اذ وقع القتال بينهم وانتصر العرب في تلك المعركة، وسببها ان كسرى ابرويز غضب على النعمان بن المنذر ملك الحيرة، اذ اوغر صدره عليه زيد بن عدي الذي قتل اباه عدي بن زيد من قبل النعمان، فلجأ النعمان الى هاني بن مسعود الشيباني، فاستودعه اهله وسلاحه وماله، وقد انتصر العرب في هذه المعركة، بعد ان جزعت الفرس من العطش، ومالوا الى بطحاء ذي قار فتبعهم العرب، واشتدت الحرب وانتصر العرب فيها.
تعارض الأدلة الشرعية من السنة النبوية وطرق دفعها
Authors: حسين شخير زعيل
Published: August 2023

لا شك أن أدلة الشرع ليس فيها تعارض، لأنها من عند الله العليم الحكيم، لذا فإن التعارض الذي يذكره بعض العلماء في أدلة الشرع ليس هو تعارض حقيقي إنما هو تعارض ظاهري في نظر المجتهد فقط، وللتعارض أسباب كثيرة جدا، فإما أن أحدهما ناسخ للآخر، وإما أن يكون أحدهما ضعيفا، وإما أن يكون من باب اختلاف التنوع لا التضاد، إلى غير ذلك من الأسباب. وقد اجتهد علماء الأصول في دفع التعارض الظاهري الموجود بين بعض الأدلة الشريعة، فقالوا: أنه إن وجد نصان ظاهرهما التعارض وجب على المجتهد صرفهما عن هذا التعارض بأحد طرق ثلاث، فأولها الجمع بين النصين المتعارضين إن أمكن، والثاني اللجوء إلى النسخ إن علم التأريخ، والثالث اللجوء إلى ترجيح أقوى النصين وطرح الآخر بأحد طرق الترجيح المقررة عند الأصوليين.
تساوي دلالة الفعل الثلاثي (مطر) ودلالة الفعل الرباعي (أمطر)
Authors: سالم ساجت عنزي
Published: August 2023

ذهب جمهور اللغويين إلى التفريق بين دلالة الفعل الثلاثي على وزن(فعل) ودلالة الفعل الرباعي على وزن(أفعل),وأنه لا يجوز أن يتساوى اللفظان في لغة واحدة, بل يجوز في لغتين متباينتين, لأنَّ كل زيادة في المبنى تتبعه زيادة في المعنى ولهذا نجدهم قد فرقوا بين دلالة الفعل الثلاثي "مطر" ودلالة الفعل الرباعي "أمطر" فقد قالوا تستعمل دلالة الفعل "مطر" في الخير, وتستعمل دلالة الفعل "أمطر" في الشر, واستدلوا بآيات من القرآن الكريم فلم يرد الفعل الرباعي “أمطر" إلا في موضع العذاب على نحو ما ذكره بعض اللغويين المتقدمين كأبي عبيدة, وأبي عمرو بن العلاء, وبقولهم أخذ جمهور اللغويين فضلا على المفسرين. وأما المُحدثِّون فقد كان لهم رأي آخر مغاير لما ذهب إليه جمهور اللغويين, فقد أجازوا تساوي الدلالتين في الخير والشر, وأنَّهُ لا فرق بين الدلالتين, وأنَّ ما قاله اللغويون كان تأويلا غير دقيق للآيات القرآنية, واستدل المُحدِّثون على ذلك بأحاديث وردت في كتب الصحاح كصحيحي البخاري ومسلم, وهذا ما قاله الإمام النووي وكثير من شراح الحديث النبوي, وفضلا على هذا فقد ذهب الى تساوي الدلالتين طائفة من اللغويين المشهورين المعروفين بتفريقهم بين دلالة الفعل الثلاثي ودلالة الفعل الرباعي ومن هؤلاء الأصمعي الذي عُرِفَ برفضه الشديد لتلك المساواة, وهو النقل المشهور عنه في كتب اللغة, وهذا الموقف منه يدلنا على أنَّ أهل اللغة لم يكونوا متفقين على منع تساوي الدلالتين مطلقا, ولم يحيطوا باللغة إحاطة تامة, وكان استقراؤهم للغة استقراء ناقصا, لأنهم أخرجوا جانبا كبيرا ومهما من الموروث اللغوي وهو الحديث النبوي الشريف, فقد أغفلوا الأحاديث النبوية الشريفة واستبعدوها من دائرة الاحتجاج وهو منهج غير سديد ولا يمت الى البحث اللغوي بصلة, فهو قائم على الاحتجاج بكل ما هو مسموع ومروي عن العرب الفصحاء, واللغويون قد خالفوا منهجهم في البحث اللغوي, فهم متفقون على الاحتجاج بالحديث النبوي الشريف في اللغة, ولكن اختلفوا في الاحتجاج به في النحو وبناء القواعد, ولا أفصح من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم, وصحابته الكرام رضي الله عنهم الذين سلمت ألسنتهم من اللحن والشاذ والضعيف والأعجمي, وقد ثبتت تلك الأحاديث والآثار بطرق متعددة عن الرواة, وهو هذا ما جعل أحكامهم على كثير من الألفاظ متباينة بل مضطربة في كثير من الأحيان, وقد عضدنا ما ذهب إليه الإمام النووي وشراح الحديث النبوي بما وقفنا عليه من الأحاديث والآثار التي رويت في كتب السنن و المسانيد عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وعن الصحابة والتابعين رضي الله عنهم ما يؤيد صحة ما قاله المُحدثِّون من عدم التفريق بين الدلالتين, فكلاهما يستعملان في الخير والشر.
Raimondo di Sangro y el significado de la Cappella Sansevero
Authors: Lozano Guillem Carlos
Published: August 2023

La Cappella Sansevero de Nápoles se remonta en sus orígenes a finales del siglo XVI, pero alcanzaría su máximo esplendor en la segunda mitad del Settecento. El embellecimiento de este mausoleo familiar fue protagonizado por el séptimo príncipe de la casa Sansevero: Don Raimondo di Sangro, hombre versado en infinidad de artes y con un recorrido vital marcado por la controversia y el afecto de sus contemporáneos. Tanto su mecenas como el templo han sido objeto de mitos y leyendas, debido al simbolismo hermético, alquimista y masón presente en la capilla.
Vedere il Barocco
Authors: Cavanna Pierangelo
Published: August 2023

La documentazione fotografica delle architetture barocche, qui considerate in alcuni esempi piemontesi, ha accompagnato la crescita della loro fortuna critica. Essa ha costituito però anche una feconda occasione di verifica delle stesse modalità narrative della fotografia, testimoniando il passaggio dall’intenzione descrittiva, propria della cultura ottocentesca,  e quindi dalle formalizzazioni moderniste, ad una volontà più compiutamente interpretativa, dove la fotografia si rivela essere strumento di lettura critica tanto più efficace quanto più aderente alle logiche della visualità barocca, fino a rischiare una reinvenzione fotografica di quelle stesse architetture.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA INTERNET TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PROGRAM KEAHLIAN AKUNTANSI DI SMK NEGERI 1 MAKASSAR
Authors: Sahade Sahade , Rijal H. Abd. , Nur Anugrah Atunnisa
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh penggunaan media internet terhadap motivasi belajar siswa program keahlian akuntansi di SMK Negeri 1 Makassar. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan media internet sebagai variabel bebas (X) dan motivasi belajar siswa sebagai variabel terikat (Y). Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa program keahlian akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Makassar yang berjumlah 418 siswa pada tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportionate stratified random sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 80 siswa yang diambil secara acak dan proporsional. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif persentase, uji instrumen dan uji hipotesis. Uji instrumen terdiri dari uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Uji hipotesis terdiri dari analisis regresi linear sederhana, uji t, dan uji koefisien determinasi. Hasil analisis data yang dilakukan, berdasarkan 3 (tiga) indikator yang diukur variabel penggunaan media internet termasuk dalam kategori cukup, sedangkan untuk motivasi belajar siswa dengan 8 (delapan) indikator yang diukur juga berada pada kategori cukup baik. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan Uji Regresi Liner Sederhana diperoleh model persamaan Y = 24,352 + 0,314X, hal ini berarti bahwa jika penggunaan media internet bernilai nol, maka variabel motivasi belajar siswa program keahlian akuntansi SMK Negeri 1 Makassar sebesar 24,352 satuan. Dari hasil analisis koefisien determinasi (r2) diperoleh nilai r2 = 11,8%, yang berarti pengaruh penggunaan media internet terhadap motivasi belajar sebesar 11,8% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 88,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Hasil korelasi product moment diperoleh nilai R sebesar 0,343 atau sebesar 34,3%, hal ini menunjukkan hubungan variabel (X) penggunaan media internet terhadap variabel (Y) motivasi belajar siswa memiliki hubungan yang rendah (skala 0,200-0,399). Sementara dari hasil analisis uji-t diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,002<0,05 yang berarti penggunaan media internet berpengaruh posistif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa, dengan demikian hipotesis dinyatakan diterima. Implementasi dari penerapan ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran dalam hal ini internet menjadikan peserta didik sebagai generasi milineal bisa belajar secara mandiri, yang mana internet sebagai media pembelajaran sudah menjadi kebutuhan pokok yang tidak bisa dihindarkan sehingga sangat menarik motivasi peserta didik untuk mau belajar serius dengan materi/pokok bahasan yang diberikan. Hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa internet dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran tidak sekedar memanfaatkannya sebagai sosmed saja tetapi sebagai media pembelajaran tepat dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF “NEURO-COGNITIVE” LEARNING STRATEGY FOR INCREASING SPEAKING PERFORMANCE: STUDY ON NON-ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS
Authors: Pratiwi Widya Rizky , Suardi Suardi , Acvfira Lukytta Gusti
Published: August 2023

English is the unifying international language of world communication. However, English-speaking countries face many problems in their position as a foreign language, so learning strategies and motivation must be emphasized in the learning process. On the other side, communication skills are the most needed skills to prepare for the world of work. Thus, this research with a qualitative method approach is focused on investigating the effectiveness of teaching and training on "Neurocognitive" based learning strategies, with continuous mentoring and injection of motivation. The instruments used are field note observations, questionnaires, interviews, and photo documentation. The subjects of this study were 14 students in the second semester of the 2020/2021 academic year of the Information Systems study program at STMIK Bina Adinata. The results showed that the students' cognitive and non-cognitive skills were improved, especially their speaking performance. However, even though the research team carried out the procedure for providing learning strategy training under the correct stages, the results obtained were less than optimal due to online learning conditions. So it is recommended for further researchers to continue this research by thinking about learning strategies that can be combined for offline and online needs.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN THE FILM “THE NIGHTINGALE”: A LITERARY PSYCHOLOGY STUDY
Authors: Putri Mardiani Sela , Dahniar Dahniar , Halim Nur Mutmainna , Bustang Bustang
Published: August 2023

This research was conducted to identify and analyze the main character of The Nightingale film using a literary psychology approach with the objective to analyze the depiction of the main character. This was a qualitative method. In obtaining the data, this research was conducted by watching The Nightingale film several times and analyzing Clare as the main character in the film. The researcher also uses the theory of emotion’s classification from David Krech. Results of the research found out that Clare as the main character of The Nightingale film had carried seven classifications of emotions, those data were one datum of guilt concept, two data of penetrated guilt, two data of punishing yourself, one datum of shame, four data of sadness, four data of hatred, and three data of love.  From those 7 classifications, it was dominated with hatred concept. This proves that the driving force that causes change is very strong compared to other concepts. It can be seen from the storyline of the main character in The Nightingale film, that Clare's character was actually a kind person, but unfortunately she was always treated badly by people around her. This is the reason why Clare was full of resentment and determined to take a revenge for all kind of miserable things she went through.
TINGKAT PLAGIARISME MAHASISWA PGSD MELALUI PORTOFOLIO BERBASIS TRELLO
Authors: St. Muriati St. Muriati , Dipalaya Tismi , Firmansyah Feri , Suwito Angel Wardiarni
Published: August 2023

Plagiarisme adalah perbuatan secara sengaja atau tidak sengaja dalam memperoleh kredit atau nilai untuk suatu karya ilmiah, dengan mengutip sebagian atau seluruh karya ilmiah orang lain, tanpa menyatakan sumber secara tepat dan memadai. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat plagiarisme Mahasiswa PGSD melalui penerapan pembelajaran portofolio berbasis trello di Universitas Bosowa, serta mengubah sikap plagiarisme mahasiswa PGSD melalui penerapan pembelajaran portofolio berbasis trello. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2017 PGSD Universitas Bosowa. Sedangkan sampel penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Purposive Sampling yakni berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang dimiliki oleh subyek yang dipilih sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian yang akan dilakukan. Metode penelitian kombinasi (mixed method recearch) merupakan pendekatan dalam penelitian yang mengkombinasikan atau menghubungkan antara metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Melalui penelitian diperoleh data bahwa tingkat similarity index atau tingkat kesamaan hasil portofolio berbasis trello pada mahasiswa PGSD di Universitas Bosowa termasuk dalam indikasi kategori tinggi. Namun uji turnitin bukanlan penentu plagiat melainkan hanya berfungsi sebagai alat untuk mempermudah kita mengetahui indikasi plagiat pada suatu tulisan. Selain itu, diperoleh hasil bahwa dari lima faktor internal sikap plagiarisme, terdapat tiga faktor yang mengalami perubahan. Hal ini menunjukkan hal yang positif terhadap sikap plagiarisme
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE LECTURERS' TEACHING PERFORMANCE
Authors: Rahman Ali Wira , Indahyanti Rizka
Published: August 2023

As the application of the four competencies for the lecturers in teaching and learning, it becomes a new business for them to fulfill those competencies (pedagogical, professional, personality, social). This has an impact on the provision of a new method for students in learning activities so that a lecturer would be able to develop a curriculum in accordance with the respective educational unit and the local needs of each student. The first pedagogical competence deals with the ability of a lecturer in managing the classroom and facilitates the students’ diversity. Sometimes lecturers apply different pedagogic actions with students' perceptions so that what is they supposed good by lecturers sometimes inversely with students’ intake. The aim of this study was to facilitate the perception of the students in regard to the pedagogical competence of a good lecturer. The result supposed to be some consideration from the lecturer in applied pedagogical action in the classroom.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERBASIS SETS (Science, Environment, Technology and Society) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: Agus Muh Alimin , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Ristiana Evi
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis dan hasil belajar IPA siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran IPA berbasis SETS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy eksperimental design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SDN 70 Manjalling Kabupaten Maros dengan jumlah keseluruhan siswa adalah 354 dan sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SDN 70 Manjalling yang terdiri dari 2 rombel kelas VA berjumlah 25 orang dan kelas VB berjumlah 24 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik tes untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis berupa soal essay 6 item dan hasil belajar IPA berupa soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 item. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa (1) Rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis pembelajaran IPA berbasis SETS adalah 88,12  dan pembelajaran langsung (konvensional) 80,54. Artinya pembelajaran IPA berbasis SETS lebih baik dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional. Artinya pembelajaran IPA berbasis SETS lebih baik dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional. Sedangkan hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran IPA berbasis SETS berpengaruh lebih signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V SDN 70 Manjalling Kabupaten Maros. Hal ini berdasarkan tabel multivariate test dalam uji manova diperoleh nilai Sig. 0,001 < 0,05.
BLENDEDLEARNING BASED LEARNING AT THE STATE HIGH SCHOOL 2 SOPPENG SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Cahyani Suci , Basri Syamsurijal , Mus Sumarlin
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the portrait of the implementation of Blended Learning-Based Learning learning consisting of planning, implementing, and evaluating knowledge. This research approach is qualitative with a type of description research—data collection techniques are in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses miles and Huberman models. They are checking the validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The results showed that: Learning planning There is no specific policy issued by schools regarding blended learning-based learning, preparation of human style resources in the form of In House Training (IHT) training to teacher teachers regarding procedures for using the Learning Management System called Google Classroom, Implementation of learning, teachers choosing methods and media to be used, the level of student activity in the blended learning process is greatly influenced by available networks, online learning strategies that are taking material from the internet, media used when learning blended laptops and cellphones, learning applications used by Google Classroom, Zoom Meeting, Google Meet, WhatsApp, and Telegram. Evaluation of realizing using a different learning system during online learning with face-to-face learning, the form of assessment given by the teacher online is in the form of quizzes and online tests through learning applications, while when offline, the teacher provides a direct evaluation in the form of hardcopy of questions to students.
SCHOOL LIBRARY SERVICES AT UPT SMA NEGERI 5 ENREKANG DURING THE PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Afrianti Rita , Faridah Faridah , Basri Syamsurijal
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine  library services in this case circulation services, reference services, on-site reading services and ICT-based services as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in school library services. This research approach is qualitative with a type of description. Data collection techniques were carried out by interview, observation and documentations. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Checking the validity of the data is done by trianggulation technique. The reserch results showed that  : 1) the circulation service has a collection of 19,839 books, but does not  yet have a non-book collection such as tape recorders, sound slides, video cassettes, sound films and many more. The system used in this library is an open service system. 2) The reference service has 587 collections consisting of dictionaries, encyclopedias, maps and others. In this service, users can obtain information and assistance regarding the existence of the collection needed. 3) on-site reading services, in this service the library provides 6 reading tebles placed in several corners of the room so that students get good lighting and air circulation. Howefer, this service is currently unvailable because students rarely use it. 4) ICT-based services, in the SMA Negeri 5 Enrekang library this service is not yet available because officers are still in the stage of entering library materials into the library application. While the supporting factors for library services are the personnel or the staff themselves, staff commitment and adequate books. While the inhibiting factors are the library collections which are still in hard copy form, lack of student interest and limited staff/librarians.
Role of Empagliflozin - A New Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor as a Monotherapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nirojini P. Sharmila , V Kowsalya
Published: August 2023

In 2010, around 4 million people worldwide lost their lives to diabetes-related causes. Inhibitors of SGLT2 are effective at controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus. By weakening the kidney's tubular barrier, empagliflozin lowers the amount of glucose excreted in urine. Empagliflozin was not related to increase in episodes of hypoglycemia as compared to placebo, with the exception of those taking a baseline sulfonylurea or insulin. The most common side effects of empagliflozin combinations were mild to moderate such as UTI, genital infection, and dysuria. Similar to the placebo, there was an equivalent rate of volume depletion in most cases. It is not suggested to be used during pregnancy or while lactating. It lowers cardiovascular disease mortality and heart failure hospitalizations in persons with type 2 diabetes.

Key words: Chemistry, Pharmacology, SGLT2 Inhibitor, Treatment, Safety, Efficacy.
Relationship Between Vitamin D and Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio with Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity
Authors: Handayani Putri , Raga Ginti Andi , Rangkuti Deske Muhadi
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by peripheral and symmetrical polyarthritis. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the course of several autoimmune diseases, and there is a link. In the process of autoimmune disease, the value of the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio is also known to be one of the parameters to assess the degree of activity. This study was conducted to assess the relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity.
Method: This research is a cross-sectional study with a retrospective approach, conducted from January to March 2023. This research was conducted on rheumatoid arthritis sufferers at Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan. Subsequent research subjects underwent anamnesis and physical examination to assess the DAS28 score. Blood sampling for examination of the ratio of neutrophil lymphocytes and vitamin D was carried out at Haji Adam Malik Hospital. The data collected was then analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: There were 67 research subjects with an age range of 43-47 years. The research subjects consisted of 20 men and 47 women. MTX treatment history in the remission group was 56.7%, in the low disease activity group was 80% and in the moderate disease activity group was 81%. Leflunomide treatment history in remission group 43.3%, low disease activity group 20% and moderate disease activity group 19%. Correlation test of vitamin D levels and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity showed a p-value of 0.380. Correlation test of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity showed a p-value of 0.862. Correlation test of vitamin D levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with DAS28 using the Spearman correlation showed­ p-values of 0.133.
Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between vitamin D levels and neutrophil lymphocyte ratio with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity (p-value 0.133).

Keywords: Vitamin D, Lymphocyte Neutrophil Ratio, DAS28, Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation Markers (CRP, LDH, D-Dimer, Ferritin) as a Predictor of Death in COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 DM at H. Adam Malik Hospital
Authors: Dewi NST Cempaka , Lubis Dian Anindita , Pase M. Aron
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Infectious diseases, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are usually found more frequently and/or seriously in people with diabetes mellitus, and increase mortality. Hematological parameters, such as CRP, LDH, D-dimer, ferritin can help predicting death in COVID-19 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Aim: To determine the relationship of inflammatory markers (CRP, LDH, D-dimer, ferritin) with the incidence of death in COVID-19 patients with type 2 DM at H.Adam Malik General Hospital.
Method: This research was an observational analytic study using medical record data of patients at the central installation at H.Adam Malik Hospital from 2020-2021 period. The sample was total sampling. The distribution test was carried out with the Shapiro Wilk test. Bivariate analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between inflammatory markers (CRP, LDH, D-dimer, ferritin) and the incidence of death in COVID-19 patients with type 2 DM using the chi square test if the data were normally distributed, or Fisher's exact test if the data were not normally distributed and data were calculated using multivariate analysis. The desired deviation (α) is 0.05, statistically significant if p<0.05.
Results: 239 subjects were included in the study, majority were men with comorbid coronary heart disease and majority of patients survived. Ferritin, CRP and LDH levels in patients with confirmed COVID-19 with type 2 DM were not associated with death with p values of 0.503, 0.401 and 0.671, respectively. D-dimer levels and the degree of severity of COVID-19 in type 2 DM patients had a significant relationship to death (p=0.001).
Conclusion: D-dimer levels in patients with confirmed COVID-19 with type 2 DM were associated with death.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, CRP