bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Dioxide Decomposition and Oxygen Generation Via SOEC
Authors: Guo Huang , Kang Bruce , Manivannan Ayyakkannu
Published: June 2013

Oxygen-Deficient Ferrite (ODF) or nickelate-based materials are mixed with YSZ powder via Mechano-Chemical Bonding (MCB) process. The Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell (SOEC) with ODF/YSZ or nickelate/YSZ electrodes and YSZ electrolyte is utilized to decompose carbon dioxide (CO2) into solid carbon (C) or carbon monoxide (CO) and generate oxygen (O2) in a continuous process. The cells are tested in a NexTech ProbostateTM apparatus combined with EIS/potentiostate and gas chromatography (GC). In our preliminary tests, CO or solid carbon at cathode side and O2 at anode side were detected, when CO2 was fed to the cathode side and a small potential bias applied across the electrode. Depending on the applied potential, the system is capable of decomposing CO2 into CO or C. Through in-situ EIS and exhaust gas analyses as well as post mortem microstructural analyses using SEM, XRD, and XPS, the capability and efficiency of CO2 decomposition are evaluated. An energy assessment shows that the net energy input in this process is smaller compared to CCS (carbon capture and sequestration).
Degradation of Solid Oxide Cells during Co-Electrolysis of H2O and CO2: Carbon Deposition under High Current Densities
Authors: Tao Youkun , Ebbesen Sune Dalgaard , Mogensen Mogens
Published: June 2013

During co-electrolysis of H2O and CO2 using solid oxide cells (SOCs) the risk of carbon deposition in the Ni-YSZ electrode under high current densities (~ 2.0 A/cm2) was studied in this work. Five galvanostatic tests were performed at current density between 1.5 and 2.25 A/cm2 and the average conversions of the reactants were no more than 66.8 %. Ni-YSZ electrode delamination and carbon nano-fibers could be observed after test at the Ni-YSZ | YSZ electrolyte interface for two of the cells. Thermodynamic calculation shows that the reactant conversion needed for carbon formation is above 99 %, far above the experimental conversions. The observed carbon formation may be caused by the gas diffusion limitations at high current densities. Carbon nano-fibers were only observed close to the YSZ electrolyte indicating a large over-potential gradient at the TPBs close to the electrolyte.
Foudroyant Course of an ExtensiveClostridium septicumGas Gangrene in a Diabetic Patient with Occult Carcinoma of the Colon
Authors: Hartel Maximilian , Kutup Asad , Gehl Axel , Zustin Jozef , Grossterlinden Lars G. , Rueger Johannes M. , Lehmann Wolfgang
Published: June 2013

Background. Spontaneous gas gangrene is a rare disease in whichClostridium septicumfrequently can be detected. After an incubation period of 5–48 hours, a very painful swelling is accompanied by a rapidly spreading toxic-infectious clinical picture ultimately leading to septic shock and multiple organ failure. We present a case of a completely documented rare infectious disease with triage findings including initial vital signs, initial medical findings, and the emergency lab., radiological, intraoperative, histopathological, microbiological, and postmortem results. After initial diagnosis of the underlying disease, the patient has been immediately transferred to the operating theatre. The laboratory findings reflect the devastating effect of toxinαwhich is a toxin typically produced byC. septicum.The patient presented both an anaemia and a manifest coagulopathy as well as an onset of multiple organ failure. Despite the aggressive medical and surgical measures that have been taken, this patient could not be saved.Discussion. The case presented vividly emphasises the difficulty to identify these cases early enough to save a patient. This documentation may help health care providers to identify this life threatening disease as early as possible in future cases.
Complex Atanassov's Intuitionistic Fuzzy Relation
Authors: Alkouri Abd Ulazeez M. , Salleh Abdul Razak
Published: June 2013

This paper presents distance measure between two complex Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets (CAIFSs). This distance measure is used to illustrate an application of CAIFSs in solving one of the most core application areas of fuzzy set theory, which is multiattributes decision-making (MADM) problems, in complex Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy realm. A new structure of relation between two CAIFSs, called complex Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy relation (CAIFR), is obtained. This relation is formally generalised from a conventional Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy relation, based on complex Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy sets, in which the ranges of values of CAIFR are extended to the unit circle in complex plane for both membership and nonmembership functions instead of [0, 1] as in the conventional Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy functions. Definition and some mathematical concepts of CAIFS, which serve as a foundation for the creation of complex Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy relation, are recalled. We also introduce the Cartesian product of CAIFSs and derive two properties of the product space. The concept of projection and cylindric extension of CAIFRs are also introduced. An example of CAIFR in real-life situation is illustrated in this paper. Finally, we introduce the concept of composition of CAIFRs.
Hidden under a Cauliflower-Like Skin Tumor: Chromoblastomycosis
Authors: Jakopp B. , Stamm B. , Eyer D. , Conen A.
Published: June 2013

We present the case of an 80-year-old patient with a recurrent hyperpigmented and cauliflower-like skin tumor on the stump of his left index finger. Despite suggestive clinical appearance for chromoblastomycosis the tumor was initially clinically and also histopathologically misdiagnosed as recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. Due to a cardiogenic shock, the patient died shortly after the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis, before adequate treatment could be introduced. In non-tropical regions chromoblastomycosis is an uncommon chronic fungal infection withFonsecaea pedrosoibeing the most prevalent etiological agent. Mostly lower extremities are involved. It is not unusual that, clinically, in the absence of pigmentation, and, histopathologically, because of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the epidermis, chromoblastomycosis is confounded with squamous cell cancer, and delays in diagnosis of one to 3 years are common. Therefore, a high grade of clinical suspicion and inclusion of chromoblastomycosis in the differential diagnosis of pigmented skin tumors are important to initiate adequate therapy. Our case is remarkable in many aspects. The localization on an upper extremity and the grade of invasiveness with involvement of bone are unusual; furthermore the lack of a tropical travel history emphasizes that the infection almost surely occurred in Switzerland.
Effect of TiO2 Powder on the Surface Morphology of Micro/Nanoporous Structured Hydrophobic Fluoropolymer Based Composite Material
Authors: Sahoo Bichitra Nanda , Kandasubramanian Balasubramanian , Thomas Amrutha
Published: June 2013

The present work reports a simple and effective way to produce hydrophobic foams with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and TiO2 by using a phase separation technique. This method involved the phase separation during the deposition of PVDF from its DMF solution with nonsolvent water in the presence of TiO2. The surface morphology of hydrophobic surfaces was characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The maximum water contact angle of 129° was observed. The results confirm that the surface texture of polymer composite exhibits mixture of microporous and nanoporous structure. The impact of TiO2 on the wettability property of polymer composite has been studied. The proposed methodology might find applications in the preparation of hydrophobic surfaces for industrial applications.
Characteristics and Clinical Impacts of the Immune Environments in Colorectal and Renal Cell Carcinoma Lung Metastases: Influence of Tumor Origin
Authors: Remark Romain , Alifano Marco , Cremer Isabelle , Lupo Audrey , Dieu-Nosjean Marie-Caroline , Riquet Marc , Crozet Lucile , Ouakrim Hanane , Goc Jeremy , Cazes Aurélie , Fléjou Jean-François , Gibault Laure , Verkarre Virginie , Régnard Jean-François , Pagès Olivier-Nicolas , Oudard Stéphane , Mlecnik Bernhard , Sautès-Fridman Catherine , Fridman Wolf-Herman , Damotte Diane
Published: June 2013

Purpose: If immune cells are involved in tumor surveillance and have a prognostic impact in most primary tumors, little is known about their significance in metastases. Because patients' survival is heterogeneous, even at metastatic stages, we hypothesized that immune cells may be involved in the control of metastases. We therefore characterized the tumor immune microenvironment and its prognostic value in colorectal and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastases, and compared it to primary tumors.

Experimental Design: We analyzed by immunohistochemistry (n = 192) and qPCR (n = 32) the immune environments of colorectal carcinoma and RCC lung metastases.

Results: Metastases from colorectal carcinoma and RCC have different immune infiltrates. Higher densities of DC-LAMP+ mature dendritic cells (P < 0.0001) and lower densities of NKp46+ NK cells (P < 0.0001) were observed in colorectal carcinoma as compared to RCC metastases, whereas densities of T cells were similar. High densities of CD8+ and DC-LAMP+ cells correlated with longer overall survival (OS) in colorectal carcinoma (P = 0.008) and shorter OS in RCC (P < 0.0001). High NK-cell densities were associated with improved survival in RCC (P = 0.002) but not in colorectal carcinoma. Densities of immune cells correlated significantly from primary to relapsing metastases for the same patient. A TH1 orientation was found in colorectal carcinoma metastases, whereas a heterogeneous immune gene expression was found in RCC metastases.

Conclusions: Our results show a major prognostic value of the immune pattern (CD8+/DC-LAMP+ cell densities) in colorectal carcinoma and RCC, reproducible from primary to metastatic tumors, although with opposite clinical impacts, and highlight the role of the tumor cell in shaping its immune environment. Clin Cancer Res; 19(15); 4079–91. ©2013 AACR.
Personalized Medicine: Through the Looking Glass of Functional Imaging
Authors: Hohl Raymond J.
Published: June 2013

Imaging techniques afford the opportunity to personalize chemotherapy delivery by prospectively determining how much of an agent is delivered to which tumor site. Drug distribution can be prescribed by altering the properties of the drug (nontechnology) or the physiology of the host (induction of alterations of blood flow). Clin Cancer Res; 19(15); 4024–6. ©2013 AACR.
D-dimer as a marker for cardiovascular and arterial thrombotic events in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Cate Hugo , ten Cate-Hoek Arina , Kleinegris Marie-Claire
Published: June 2013

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events. D-dimers are a marker for hypercoagulability and are linked with thrombotic events in patients with venous as well as arterial thrombosis. The predictive value of plasma D-dimer levels in relation to cardiovascular events in patients with PAD is not unambiguously established. It was our objective to gather evidence evaluating the value of D-dimer as a predictor of arterial thrombotic events patients with PAD. The Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched (January 1980-November 2012), and 65 abstracts were found. The strategy was supplemented with manual review of reference lists. Case-control, cohort or prospective cohort studies that measured fibrin D-dimer in patients with PAD, were included. Studies were excluded if there was no follow-up for arterial thrombotic events or when no specific information on D-dimer was available. The search yielded 10 studies for our analysis, comprising 2,420 patients with PAD, with a total of 1,036 cardiovascular events in 10,599 patient-years. Two studies with a follow-up of one year showed that fibrin D-dimer predicts both deterioration of PAD and subsequent thrombotic events. Five out of six studies with a median follow-up of 2–4 years revealed that an increased D-dimer is predictive of various arterial thrombotic events including mortality. Two studies with a longer follow-up (over 6 years) did not show an independent association between increased D-dimer levels, arterial thrombotic events and CVD mortality. In conclusion, an increased D-dimer appeared to be independently associated with a two times increased risk of near-term cardiovascular events (relative risk 2.30, 95% confidence interval 1.43–3.68). However formal meta-analysis was only feasible for four out of 10 included studies. Due to the extended heterogeneity of the included studies cautious interpretation of these data is warranted.
Time course, predictors and clinical implications of stent thrombosis following primary angioplasty
Authors: Dirksen Maurits T. , Spaulding Christian , Kelbæk Henning , Schalij Martin , Thuesen Leif , van der Hoeven Bas , Vink Marteen A. , Kaiser Christoph , Musto Carmine , Chechi Tania , Spaziani Gaia , de la Llera Luis Salvador Diaz , Pasceri Vincenzo , Di Lorenzo Emilio , Violini Roberto , Suryapranata Harry , Stone Gregg W. , De Luca Giuseppe ,   for the DESERT cooperation
Published: June 2013

summary

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) has improved survival as compared to thrombolysis. Concerns still remain regarding the risk of stent thrombosis in the setting of STEMI, especially after drugeluting stent (DES) implantation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report on the timing of stent thrombosis (ST) with both DES and bare metal stents (BMS) and its prognostic significance in patients undergoing pPCI. The Drug-Eluting Stent in Primary Angioplasty (DESERT) cooperation is based on a pooled database including individual data of randomised trials that evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of DES as compared to BMS in patients undergoing pPCI for STEMI. Follow-up data were collected for 3–6 years after the procedure. ST was defined as definite or probable, based on the ARC definition. The study population consists of 6,274 STEMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty with BMS or DES. At 1201±440 days, ST occurred in 267 patients (4.25%). Most of the events were acute or subacute (within 30 days) and very late (> 1 years), with different distribution between DES vs BMS. Patients with ST were more often diabetic (21.7% vs 15.1%, p=0.005), more frequently had post-procedural TIMI 0–2 flow (14.0% vs 9.3%, p = 0.01), and were less often treated with dual antiplatelet therapy at one year follow-up. Diabetes (p = 0.036), post-procedural TIMI 0–2 Flow (p = 0.013) and ischaemia time > 6 hours (p = 0.03) were independent predictors of ST. Post-procedural TIMI 0–2 flow (p = 0.001) and ischaemia time > 6 hours (p < 0.001) were independent predictors of early ST, ischaemia time > 6 hours (p=0.05) was independent predictor of late ST, whereas diabetes (p = 0.022) and use of DES (p=0.002) were independent predictors of very late ST. ST was associated with a significantly higher mortality (23.6% vs 6%, p < 0.001). The greatest impact on mortality was observed with subacute (40.4%) and late (20.9%) ST, as compared to acute (12.5%) and very late (9.1%) ST. ST was an independent predictor of mortality (HR [95%CI]=3.73 [2.75–5.07], p < 0.001). In conclusion, ST occurs relatively frequently also beyond the first year for up to six years after pPCI in STEMI, with higher late occurrence rates among patients treated with first generation DES. ST after pPCI is a powerful predictor of mortality, especially subacute ST.
Echocardiographic Features Defining Right Dominant Unbalanced Atrioventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Cohen Meryl S. , Jegatheeswaran Anusha , Baffa Jeanne M. , Gremmels David B. , Overman David M. , Caldarone Christopher A. , McCrindle Brian W. , Mertens Luc
Published: June 2013

Background—

Definition and management of right dominant unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) remains challenging because unbalance entails a spectrum of left heart hypoplasia. Previous work has highlighted atrioventricular valve (AVV) index as a reasonable defining echocardiographic measure. We sought to assess which additional echocardiographic features might provide further characterization.

Methods and Results—

From a multi-institutional cohort of complete AVSD, 52 preoperative echocardiograms of patients with presumed right dominant unbalanced AVSD (based on AVV index) and 60 randomly selected preoperative echocardiograms from patients with presumed balanced AVSD were reviewed. Cluster analysis of echocardiographic variables was used to group patients with similar features. Discriminant function analysis was used to explore which variables differentiated these groups. Three groups were identified from the cluster analysis. Echocardiographic variables that differentiated these groups were right ventricle:left ventricle inflow angle, LV width/LV length, left AVV color diameter at smallest inflow, left AVV color diameter at annulus, right AVV overriding left atrium, and LV width. Based on procedures and outcomes, 1 group likely represented balanced patients, whereas 2 groups with similar outcomes likely represented unbalanced patients. The dominant differentiating echocardiographic variable between the 3 cluster groups was the right ventricle:LV inflow angle (partial
R
2
=0.86), defined as the angle between the base of the right ventricle and LV free wall, using the crest of the ventricular septum as apex of the angle.

Conclusions—

The angle of right ventricle/LV inflow and other surrogates of inflow may be important defining echocardiographic measures of right dominant unbalanced AVSD, although confirmation is needed.
Paradoxical Association of Smoking With In‐Hospital Mortality Among Patients Admitted With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ali Syed F. , Smith Eric E. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Schwamm Lee H.
Published: June 2013

Background

Compared to those who never smoked, a paradoxical effect of smoking on reducing mortality in patients admitted with myocardial ischemia has been reported. We sought to determine if this effect was present in patients hospitalized with ischemic stroke.

Methods and Results

Using the local Get with the Guidelines‐Stroke registry, we analyzed 4305 consecutively admitted ischemic stroke patients (March 2002–December 2011). The sample was divided into smokers versus nonsmokers. The main outcome of interest was the overall inpatient mortality. Compared to nonsmokers, tobacco smokers were younger, more frequently male and presented with fewer stroke risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Smokers also had a lower average NIH Stroke Scale (
NIHSS
) and fewer received tissue plasminogen activator (
tPA
). Patients in both groups had similar adherence to early antithrombotics, dysphagia screening prior to oral intake, and deep vein thrombosis (
DVT
) prophylaxis. Smoking was associated with lower all‐cause in‐hospital mortality (6.6% versus 12.4%; unadjusted
OR
0.46;
CI
[0.34 to 0.63];
P
<0.001). In multivariable analysis, adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia,
CAD
, atrial fibrillation,
NIHSS
, and
tPA
, smoking remained independently associated with lower mortality (adjusted
OR
0.64;
CI
[0.42 to 0.96];
P
=0.03).

Conclusions

Similar to myocardial ischemia, smoking was independently associated with lower inpatient mortality in acute ischemic stroke. This effect may be due to tobacco‐induced changes in cerebrovascular vasoreactivity, or may be due in part to residual confounding. Larger, multicenter studies are needed to confirm the finding and the effect on 30‐day and 1‐year mortality.
Introduction
Authors: Huang Martin W.
Published: June 2013

In late imperial China, the honor of being immortalized in a written text, traditionally reserved for only a few people, was becoming increasingly available to a larger section of the society, including women. This trend shaped how a woman came to be remembered and represented, as her image gradually became more “secular” as well as less saint-like, despite the Confucian biographical emphasis on exemplariness. Her private life tended to receive more exposure in a memorial text, especially when it was authored by her relatives. An outline of this shisuhua or secularization process provides a useful context within which one can better appreciate in this issue of Nan Nü the four contributors’ more detailed explorations of the questions how an educated man in late imperial China mourned those women who were once very close to him in his life, what he remembered particularly well about these women, and the possible reasons behind such gendered remembrances.
Der Verzicht auf die exceptio SC ti Velleiani im klassischen Recht
Authors: Finkenauer Thomas
Published: June 2013

Renunciation of the exceptio SCti Velleiani in classical Roman law. – If the SC Velleianum was applicable to the intercessio by a woman, she received an exceptio SC  ti Velleiani against the creditor. According to Paulus D. 16,1,31 and Pomponius D. 16,1,32,4 and hence classical Roman law, she was in a position to virtually renounce the defence by providing surety to either the debtor or the creditor. By this means, the woman was not any longer protected against her declared intention. Thus, the Roman jurists effectively reduced the risk for a woman not to find a con­tractual partner (Paulus D. 16,1,11), which was particularly decisive for a business woman.
Occurrence of males among Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera), with description of the male of Aeolothrips afghanus
Authors: MINAEI KAMBIZ , HAFTBARADARN FARINAZ , KHOSRAVI AHMAD REZA
Published: June 2013

A natural population of thrips, the insect order Thysanoptera, rarely comprises more than 30% males (Mound 2005), and this situation is particularly obvious in the family Aeolothripidae (Mound 1992). Thus for 46% of species of Aeolothripidae in Britain the male is not known (Mound et al. 1976). Aeolothrips is the most species-rich genus in this family, and males are not described for many species. For example, according to Bailey (1951), 13 out of 33 species of Aeolothrips in North America are known only from females, and males are not known for 9 out of 38 Aeolothrips species recorded from Europe (zur Strassen 2003). Species of Aeolothripidae are often collected in low numbers (Mound 1992), thus reducing the probability of a male being collected. So it is predictable that if a good series of specimens of a species can be collected, then a male is more likely to be found, even for those species of Aeolothrips in which the male is not yet known.
Reducing transfusion-associated malaria in Pakistan: an algorithmic approach
Authors: Sobani Zain A , Nizami Sobia , Jabeen Mehnaz , Ahmed Nayla , Ghanchi Najia Karim , Wasay Mohammad , Moiz Bushra , Beg Mohammed Asim
Published: June 2013

Blood transfusions represent a small but significant source of malaria transmission. Most blood banks rely solely on donor questioning to exclude malaria patients from donating blood. No guidelines exist for in vitro screening of donor blood for malaria in endemic areas. Possible laboratory screening techniques include: microscopy; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody testing; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing; and rapid diagnostic antigen tests. However, all these modalities have diagnostic limitations. Based on a best evidence review, we present recommendations using an algorithmic approach to blood screening for malaria in Pakistan. This algorithm considers regional endemicity for malaria, as well as a detailed donor history, in order to decide whether donor blood should be tested with rapid antigen testing. We hope this algorithm will assist in the development of future national guidelines for screening blood for malaria that will reduce the risk of blood-borne transmission.
A comparison of book text and Child Directed Speech
Authors: Cameron-Faulkner Thea , Noble Claire
Published: June 2013

This article evaluates the extent to which pre-schoolers’ picture books can be viewed as a form of enriched linguistic input. Twenty best-selling picture books were analysed in terms of syntactic constructions and compared with a sample of Child Directed Speech. The findings of the study demonstrate the prevalence of canonical utterances (i.e. those displaying Subject-Verb (Object) ordering) and Complex constructions within the book sample, both types of which occur with very low frequency in everyday Child Directed Speech. It is concluded that the linguistic content of young children’s books has the potential to play an important role in children’s grammatical development.
Psychiatry’s next top model: cause for a re-think on drug models of psychosis and other psychiatric disorders
Authors: Carhart-Harris RL , Brugger S , Nutt DJ , Stone JM
Published: June 2013

Despite the widespread application of drug modelling in psychiatric research, the relative value of different models has never been formally compared in the same analysis. Here we compared the effects of five drugs (cannabis, psilocybin, amphetamine, ketamine and alcohol) in relation to psychiatric symptoms in a two-part subjective analysis. In the first part, mental health professionals associated statements referring to specific experiences, for example ‘I don’t bother to get out of bed’, to one or more psychiatric symptom clusters, for example depression and negative psychotic symptoms. This measured the specificity of an experience for a particular disorder. In the second part, individuals with personal experience with each of the above-listed drugs were asked how reliably each drug produced the experiences listed in part 1, both acutely and sub-acutely. Part 1 failed to find any experiences that were specific for negative or cognitive psychotic symptoms over depression. The best model of positive symptoms was psilocybin and the best models overall were the acute alcohol and amphetamine models of mania. These results challenge current assumptions about drug models and motivate further research on this understudied area.
Content Coding for Contextualization of Care
Authors: Weiner Saul J. , Kelly Brendan , Ashley Naomi , Binns-Calvey Amy , Sharma Gunjan , Schwartz Alan , Weaver Frances M.
Published: June 2013

Background and Objective. Adapting best evidence to the care of the individual patient has been characterized as “contextualizing care” or “patient-centered decision making” (PCDM). PCDM incorporates clinically relevant, patient-specific circumstances and behaviors, that is, the patient’s context, into formulating a contextually appropriate plan of care. The objective was to develop a method for analyzing physician-patient interactions to ascertain whether decision making is patient centered. Methods. Patients carried concealed audio recorders during encounters with their physicians. Recordings and medical records were reviewed for clues that contextual factors, such as an inability to pay for a medication or competing responsibilities, might undermine an otherwise appropriate care plan, rendering it ineffective. Iteratively, the team refined a coding process to achieve high interrater agreement in determining (a) whether the clinician explored the clues—termed “contextual red flags”—for possible underlying contextual factors affecting care, (b) whether the presence of contextual factors was confirmed and, if so, (c) whether they were addressed in the final care plan. Results. A medical record data extraction instrument was developed to identify contextual red flags such as missed appointments or loss of control of a treatable chronic condition which signal that contextual factors may be affecting care. Interrater agreement (Cohen’s kappa) for coding whether the clinician explored contextual red flags, whether a contextual factor was identified, and whether the factors were addressed in the care plan was 88% (0.76, P < 0.001), 94% (0.88, P < 0.001), and 85% (0.69, P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusions. PCDM can be assessed with high interrater agreement using a protocol that examines whether essential contextual information (when present) is addressed in the plan of care.
Why Do Some Jail Inmates Not Engage in Treatment and Services?
Authors: Meyer Candace L. , Tangney June P. , Stuewig Jeffrey , Moore Kelly E.
Published: June 2013

Jail inmates represent a high-risk, multineed population. Why do some jail inmates not access available programs and services? Drawn from a longitudinal study, 261 adults were assessed shortly upon incarceration and reassessed prior to transfer or release from a county jail. Of the participants in need of treatment, 18.5% did not participate in any formal treatment programs or religious programs and services. Untreated inmates were disproportionately young and male and less likely to report preincarceration cocaine dependence. Treatment participation varied little as a function of race or symptoms of mental illness. The most common reason for nonparticipation was the belief that one would not be around long enough to participate in programs. Other reasons were both institution-related and person-related in nature, including doubts about treatment efficacy, stigma concerns, lack of motivation, and lack of programs, especially addressing mental illness.
Characterization of resistance-welded thermoplastic composite double-lap joints under static and fatigue loading
Authors: Dubé Martine , Chazerain Aurélie , Hubert Pascal , Yousefpour Ali , Bersee Harald EN
Published: June 2013

An experimental investigation of resistance welding of thermoplastic composite double lap shear (DLS) joints is presented. DLS specimens consisting of unidirectional carbon fibre/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK), carbon fibre/polyetherketoneketone (CF/PEKK), carbon fibre/polyetherimide (CF/PEI) and 8-harness satin weave fabric glass fibre/polyetherimide (GF/PEI) composites were resistance welded using a stainless steel mesh heating element. The welded specimens were tested under static and fatigue loadings, and the quality of the welds was examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Weld strengths of 53, 49, 45 and 34 MPa were obtained for CF/PEEK, CF/PEKK, CF/PEI and GF/PEI DLS joints, respectively. Indefinite fatigue lives were obtained between 20 and 30% of the ultimate static failure loads of the joints. Performances of the resistance-welded DLS and single lap shear (SLS) joints were compared. It was shown that the effect of joint geometry, that is, DLS versus SLS, on the mechanical performance of the resistance-welded joints is minimal, indicating a good resistance of welded joints to peel stresses.
Midcareer Entrants to Teaching
Authors: Marinell William H. , Johnson Susan Moore
Published: June 2013

This study uses an innovative methodology and six waves of Schools and Staffing Survey data spanning two decades (1988-2008) to assess the potential of midcareer entrants—teachers who enter the profession from careers outside of education—to diversify teaching, staff public schools, and fill vacancies in high-need subjects. We find that the percentage of midcareer entrants among first-year teachers nearly doubled between 1988 and 2008 and that midcareer entrants comprise more than one third of incoming public school teachers. Despite this influx, midcareer entrants have not substantially diversified the teaching workforce. These findings have implications for teacher preparation, induction, and policies aimed at diversifying teaching.
Study of the flame retardancy and thermal properties of unsaturated polyester resin via incorporation of a reactive cyclic phosphorus-containing monomer
Authors: Dai Kang , Song Lei , Hu Yuan
Published: June 2013

A reactive cyclic phosphorus-containing monomer (ethyl acrylate cyclic glycol phosphate; EACGP) was synthesized in a facile way and various amounts of EACGP were combined with unsaturated polyester by radical bulk polymerization. The resulting flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) samples were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and microscale combustion calorimetry tests. Due to the high phosphorus content of EACGP, incorporation of this monomer led to a marked decrease in the peak heat release rate and the total heat release, an increase in the LOI and the combustion char formation. Furthermore, real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to investigate the thermooxidative degradation behavior of UPRs and the charring effect of EACGP as well as the UPR char morphology was studied, illustrating the flame retardancy mechanism in UPR.
Integration of image de-blurring in an aerial Mono-SLAM
Authors: Atashgah MA Amiri , Gholampour P , Malaek SMB
Published: June 2013

In this article, we discuss the possibility of integrating image de-blurring techniques in an aerial simultaneous localization and mapping by a single camera (monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (Mono-SLAM)). We use an integrated aerial virtual environment together with a six-degree-of-freedom aircraft flight simulator to show the effectiveness of the approach to generate three-dimensional flight trajectories via integration of image de-blurring in the associated loop of the Mono-SLAM. The objective is to increase the overall performance of a flying mission over an unknown area by means of a vision-only method. The integrated aerial virtual environment produces and collects real-time pictures from a nadir-looking vision sensor mounted on the vehicle. Our MATLAB GUI-based toolbox helps user to investigate an offline Mono-SLAM with a predefined de-blurring method integrated with an estimator which extracts navigational parameters. The system efficient architecture allows effective virtual experiments in a completely unknown environment, without using preloaded maps or predefined features. Simulation outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of navigation of aerial robots in inaccessible environments. Different case studies support the conclusion; nonetheless, we observe a number of nonlinearities from de-blurring filters even for a general aviation aircraft.
The aerodynamic performance of a 2D lumped flexible airfoil in forward flight
Authors: Zhou Chaoying , Zhu Jianyang
Published: June 2013

The aerodynamic performance of a 2D lumped flexible airfoil in forward flight is studied by solving the incompressible N-S equations coupled with a structural dynamics equation for the motion of the airfoil. A lumped torsional NACA0012 airfoil in forward flight is employed and the flow field, the aerodynamic force, the energy efficiency, and the lumped torsional positions of the airfoil with different flexibilities are investigated. It is found that the flexibility influences the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil greatly and if the airfoil has an appropriate flexibility the flexibility can increase the thrust force and the energy efficiency while the mean lift force is almost unchanged. The results also show that a light airfoil possesses a larger propulsive efficiency than a heavy airfoil, and if the lumped torsional position is close enough to the leading edge of the airfoil the shedding of leading edge vortex can be delayed, which results in a greater thrust force.
Associated factors for HIV and syphilis infection among men who have sex with men only and men who have sex with both men and women in cities of China
Authors: She M , Zhang H , Wang J , Xu J , Zhang Z , Fan Y , Sun Y , Zhang C
Published: June 2013

Summary

The aims of this paper were to find out the status of HIV and syphilis infection and to examine the sexual behaviours between men who have sex with men only (MSM/M) and men who have sex with both men and women (MSM/W), as well as to determine the correlates for HIV and syphilis infection among MSM/M and MSM/W, respectively. Among 1693 MSM who participated in the study, the proportions of MSM/M and MSM/W were 82.1% and 17.9%, respectively. The prevalences of HIV infection were 7.0% in MSM/M and 6.6% in MSM/W and the prevalences of syphilis infection were 11.9% and 13.2%, respectively. Among the MSM/M subset, the correlates both for HIV and syphilis infection included having more sexual partners, and being receptive or both insertive and receptive for anal sex. Among the MSM/W subset, living in Chengdu was associated with HIV infection and using condoms inconsistently during anal sex was associated with syphilis infection. The findings of this survey call for interventions tailored according to the needs of different subsets of MSM.
Science kitsch and pop science: A reconnaissance
Authors: Kaeser Eduard
Published: June 2013

Science kitsch? The combination of these two words rings like an oxymoron. Science – as the common saying has it – exposes, discovers, tells the truth; kitsch conceals, covers, lies. I think, this “shadow” of science deserves a specific scrutiny, not only because it reflects the altered place and role of science in contemporary “knowledge” society but also because it pinpoints the task of relocating science in the “multicultural” context of postmodernism, with its different epistemic claims. The genre of science kitsch may help to regain credit by working as a probe to detect false pretensions, explanatory exuberance and exaggerations in science.
Meaning in Life in Patients With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Fegg Martin Johannes , Kögler Monika , Abright Carina , Hensler Mira , Lorenzl Stefan
Published: June 2013

This exploratory study investigated meaning in life (MiL) in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). In the “Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation” (SMiLE), respondents list individual MiL areas before rating their current satisfaction and importance with them (index of weighting [IoW], index of satisfaction [IoS], and index of weighted satisfaction [IoWS], range 0-100). A total of 38 patients with PSP completed the SMiLE (IoS: 68.6 ± 25.6, IoW: 79.6 ± 12.6, and IoWS: 69.2 ± 26.1). A representative sample of healthy participants (n = 977) scored significantly higher in the IoS (82.8 ± 14.7, P < .001), the IoW (85.6 ± 12.3, P = .006), and the IoWS (83.3 ± 14.8, P < .001). Compared to healthy individuals, patients with PSP were less likely to list health ( P = .001) and more likely to list partner ( P = .04), leisure ( P = .01), home/garden ( P = .01), and pleasure ( P = .02). Patients with PSP seem to focus on supportive relationships and leisure, while the decreasing health status is becoming less important to them.
Elastic–plastic analysis of interaction between an interface and crack in bi-materials
Authors: Belhouari M , Amiri A , Mehidi A , Madani K , Bouiadjra B Bachir
Published: June 2013

The objective of the present work is to investigate the interaction between interfaces and cracks in metal/alumina bi-materials. The behaviour is analyzed by the determination of the J integral and the plastic zone at the crack tip using the finite-element methods. Different orientations of the crack according to the bi-materials interface were examined such as cracks parallel and perpendicular to the interface and inclined cracks. The effects of the mechanical properties of the joint materials, the crack length and the metal thickness on the extent of plastic zone and the J integral at the crack tip were also highlighted. The obtained results allow us to deduce mathematical relations giving the variation of the J integral and the plastic zone according to the crack position.
In Search of an Adult Attachment Stress Provocation to Measure Effect on the Oxytocin System
Authors: Munro Michelle L. , Brown Stephanie L. , Pournajafi-Nazarloo Hossein , Carter C. Sue , Lopez William D. , Seng Julia S.
Published: June 2013

BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is a promising biomarker for psychiatric conditions arising from early relational trauma, childhood maltreatment, and attachment dysregulation, including posttraumatic stress and dissociative disorders. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory pilot study examined plasma oxytocin as a biomarker for alterations in the attachment system. DESIGN: We used a single group, repeated-measures design with 15 women. The protocol used a film clip previously validated as a provocation to the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. RESULTS: The repeated-measures ANOVA showed differences in oxytocin across the three time points. Correlations with oxytocin indicated that measures of dissociation and somatization correlated most strongly with higher levels of oxytocin measured during exposure to the film’s bonding scene and posttraumatic stress disorder correlated most strongly with lower levels at the film’s abandonment scene. Post hoc analyses revealed differences in oxytocin response related to psychopathology. CONCLUSION: Replication studies should characterize participants on a range of psychiatric conditions associated with attachment dysregulation.
Organizational linkages in Japan’s female labor market: Information exchanged in networks
Authors: Fujimoto Kayo
Published: June 2013

The form of institutional linkages between schools and employers changed during the decade-long economic recession in Japan. This article explores why institutional linkages between women’s colleges and large Japanese firms in the secondary labor market have survived, despite a long-term restraining of labor demand. From a network theory perspective, employers value information about applicants’ residency status, as it is conducive to reducing personnel management costs; information can be reliably obtained via these institutional linkages. Employers expect schools to use such information to select nominees. By using the data from the school’s applicant pool, the results from logistic regression analysis showed that schools tend to nominate candidates who are living with their parents, and no candidates who lived without parents were hired. Additionally, a candidate’s academic performance and personality evaluation, which can also be obtained through the linkages, as well as more formal recruitment processes, did not have a significant impact on employee selection.
Popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm associated with solitary osteochondromatosis
Authors: Boyacioğlu Kamil , Kayalar Nihan , Sarioğlu Seçkin , Yildizhan İbrahim , Mert Bülent , Erentuğ Vedat
Published: June 2013

Osteochondroma is the most common benign tumor of the bone, seen mostly during adolescence. In the current study, we report a 19-year-old male patient with a two-week history of pain and swelling of the medial side of his right thigh just above the knee without any trauma. CT angiography revealed a popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm and its close relationship with a femoral osteochondroma. Surgical repair consisted of repair of pseudoaneurysm and removal of osteochondroma. In young patients, a non-traumatic pseudoaneurysm of distal femoral artery may be a complication of an osteochondroma and this treatable pathology should be looked for to prevent recurrence.
Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism with rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Mao Lizheng , Li Chengyan , Li Tao , Yuan Kunxiong
Published: June 2013

This study assessed the effects and safety of rivaroxaban versus warfarin in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation. In this double-blind clinical trial, a total of 353 consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation who were at risk of stroke or systemic embolism were enrolled to receive either rivaroxaban or warfarin. The primary effect endpoint occurred in five patients in the rivaroxaban group (2.29% per year) and in seven patients in the warfarin group (2.91% per year) (hazard ratio with warfarin, 0.76, 95% CI, 0.64–0.91; p = 0.03). Major and non-major clinically relevant bleeding occurred in 38 patients (14.3% per year) in the rivaroxaban group and in 36 patients (13.7% per year) in the warfarin group (hazard ratio rivaroxaban versus warfarin, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.93–1.14; p = 0.39). Adverse events were similar between these two arms ( p > 0.05). In conclusion, oral administration of rivaroxaban reduced the risk of stroke or systemic embolism without significantly increasing the safety concern.
Hypercholesterolemia in pregnant mice increases the susceptibility to atherosclerosis in adult life
Authors: Xie Cai-Hong , Zhang Lei , Zeng Ben-Hua , Yuan Jing , Tang Huan , Wei Hong
Published: June 2013

Purpose

To determine the effects of hypercholesterolemia in pregnant mice on the susceptibility to atherosclerosis in adult life through a new animal modeling approach.

Methods

Male offspring from apoE−/− mice fed with regular (R) or high (H) cholesterol chow during pregnancy were randomly subjected to regular (Groups R–R and H–R, n = 10) or high cholesterol diet (Groups R–H and H–H, n = 10) for 14 weeks. Plasma lipid profiles were determined in all rats. The abdominal aorta was examined for the severity of atherosclerotic lesions in offspring.

Results

Lipids significantly increased while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased in mothers fed high cholesterol chow after delivery compared with before pregnancy ( p < 0.01). Groups R–H and H–R indicated dyslipidemia and significant atherosclerotic lesions. Group H–H demonstrated the highest lipids, lowest high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol/low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, highest incidence (90%), plaque area to luminal area ratio (0.78 ± 0.02) and intima to media ratio (1.57 ± 0.05).

Conclusion

Hypercholesterolemia in pregnant mice may increase susceptibility to atherosclerosis in their adult offspring.
Amyloidosis and spontaneous hepatic bleeding, transcatheter therapy for hepatic parenchymal bleeding with massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mousa Albeir Y , Abu-Halimah Shadi , Alhalbouni Saadi , Hass Stephen M , Yang Calvin , Gill Gurpreet , AbuRahma Ali F , Bates Mark
Published: June 2013

Hepatic hemorrhage can be devastating, especially in patients with underlying hepatic pathology. This is a case report of a 50-year-old man who presented to the emergency room with Stage 3 shock as evidenced by a systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg, a heart rate of 125 beats per minute, respiration of 32, with delayed capillary refill and agitation. At this time, he was found to have a massive spontaneous intra-abdominal hemorrhage with an advanced stage of amyloidosis with multiple organ malfunctions. The initial diagnosis was based on an abdominal computed tomography scan and the patient was taken expeditiously to a hybrid angiography suite for a celiac angiogram. An intraoperative diagnosis of extravasation from amyloid related vasculopathy was made based on the angiographic appearance of hepatic circulation. Coil embolization of the feeding branch of the bleeder was achieved using the interlock coil system and a completion angiogram was done showing complete cessation of active bleeding. The postoperative phase was uneventful and the patient was discharged home on postoperative day three. His postoperative visit at five months later was unremarkable.
The post as an utterance: Analysis of themes, compositional forms and styles in blog genre studies
Authors: Primo Alex , Zago Gabriela , Oikawa Erika , Consoni Gilberto
Published: June 2013

The blogosphere’s heterogeneity has significantly increased in recent years. Thus, the blog-as-diary approach has shown its limitations. Viewing blogs as a genre is also misleading, as it confuses medium and genre. Considering that the studies of blog genres still need further theoretical and empirical investigations, we propose a method to assess blog posts, understood as utterances, the minimal unit of a blog. We then conduct an analysis of two large datasets from 100 Brazilian blogs. Three reviewers read and judged 5218 posts from 50 A-list blogs and 1527 posts from 50 non-A-list blogs, captured in a 30-day period. Posts’ compositional form, theme and style were cross-analyzed in and between datasets. Our findings lead to the conclusion that blogs in the A-list group tend to post more and stick to themes that attract audiences. Non-A-list blogs post less and focus on themes of interest to bloggers themselves, not necessarily hype topics.