bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Donation of body for anatomical dissection in Sri Lanka: a review
Authors: Chenthuran T.
Published: October 2021

Anatomy remains central for Medical Education which forms the basis of efficient and safe medical practice. Dissection of a cadaver is deliberated as an essential and valuable tool in teaching macroscopic anatomy for medical students. Apart from gaining knowledge and skills, the anatomical dissection aids in cultivating humanistic values, behaviors, and attitudes which are essential assets for an empathetic future medical practitioner. This manuscript highlights the dynamic history of acquiring human bodies for anatomical dissection, with a particular emphasis on Sri Lanka. Knowledge on the source of cadavers, and the manner by which they have been obtained, is fundamental for medical students to realize the ethical and legal challenges associated with procurement of cadavers. This knowledge will help to further students’ understanding of the evolving mindset of society, both past and present, regarding anatomical dissection and voluntary body donation. Through the study of the history of procuring cadavers, students are better positioned to appreciate the determination, generosity, and altruism of donors who have bequeathed their bodies for the educational needs of others. This, in turn, enables the students to consider the cadaver as their teacher, first patient or at best body of a fellow human being; not only to ensure that the body is treated in an ethically acceptable manner, but also to provide an empathetic foundation in students to provide the utmost care to their patients with kindness and due respect in their future medical practice. Thus the willed body donation plays a significant role in producing not only a competent but also a compassionate medical practitioner. In this manuscript, the body donation practices of Sri Lanka are reviewed along with the Taiwanese-originated silent mentor programme.
Avoid being prey to predatory: the publishing dilemma
Authors: Tennakoon Varuni
Published: October 2021

No abstract available
Anatomy education re-imagined
Authors: Venkatesh A.
Published: October 2021

No abstract available
Intensity of neck pain and its association with anthropometric measurements
Authors: Weerakoon T. C. S. , Dissanayake P. H. , Jayakody S. , Weerasekera M. M. , Yasawardene S. G.
Published: October 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the association between intensity of pain (PI) and anthropometric measurements among patients with chronic neck pain.
Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 321 patients with chronic neck pain aged 20-69 years. PI was measured by a visual analog scale (0 to 100). The following anthropometric measurements were taken; weight (Wt), standing height (StHt), sitting height (SiHt), neck circumference (NC) and absolute neck length (ANL). The body mass index (BMI) and relative neck length (RNL) were calculated. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the mean difference between groups (‘mild or moderate’ and ‘severe or worst’ pain). Pearson correlation was used to determine the correlation between PI and anthropometric measurements and p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: A significant low positive correlation was obtained between PI and BMI of the patients with the majority being overweight or obese individuals experiencing ‘severe or worst possible pain’ (r=0.14, (p=0.03). Statistically significant low positive correlation between PI and SiHt was observed in females (r=0.16, p=0.03), but not in males (p=0.79). The means of NC, ANL and RNL were not significantly different between patients with ‘mild or moderate’ and ‘severe or worst possible’ pain among both male and female. There were no significant gender differences in PI.
Conclusion: Overweight and obese were more likely to have high intensity of neck pain. The SiHt of the females was significantly associated with intensity of neck pain.
Bifurcation of the mandibular canal- radiological appreciation of a rare anatomical variation - report of 3 cases and review of the literature
Authors: Gunasena C. , Madurapperuma M. A. S. W. , Anupama S. , Hettiarachchi P. V. K. S. , Jayasinghe R. D.
Published: October 2021

The mandibular canal is a single canal that runs in the mandible carrying inferior alveolar neuro vascular bundle and splitting of the mandibular canal into in its course is rare occurrence. With the advent of 3-dimensional imaging modalities like computed tomography or cone-beam computed tomography better visualization becomes possible. As a result, more cases of this nature are being reported in the recent past giving rise to increased prevalence than in the past where two-dimensional imaging like digital panoramic tomography were dominating. This article also appreciates the radiological anatomy of three cases with bifurcation of the mandibular canal incidentally diagnosed in the cone-beam computed tomography and also discusses the clinical significance of this rare anatomical entity.
Online anatomy education during COVID 19 pandemic period among pre-clinical medical students: an experience of University of Peradeniya
Authors: Kosgallana E. W. , Jayasankita P. N. , Jayaweera A. K. , Supunsara H. M. G. , Adikari S. B. , Amaratunga H. A.
Published: October 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception, attitudes, and barriers faced by students during the online anatomy course.
Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried using a questionnaire, based on available feedback questionnaires from the faculty and published questionnaires, pilot tested and finalized. It was distributed via Google-forms to 185 second-year students who had undergone 2 semesters of online teaching.
Results: A total of 115 Google-forms were received. Females represented 50.9%, with a mean age of 21.9±1.022 years. Smartphones (86%) were mainly used to access online material while mobile data (79.8%) was the commonest method of internet access. Online learning tool usage was: Moodle-98.2% Zoom-94.7% and Youtube-66.7%. Attitudes towards online learning were positive (77.2%) with prior preparation for teaching sessions as high as 97.4% and active participation in the online sessions (81.6%). Majority preferred Moodle for online lectures (81.74%), histology practical sessions (89.57%) and slide projections (82.74%) while for gross practical sessions it was Moodle (80.87%) and Youtube (41.74%). For tutorials (70.44%) and discussions (76.52%) majority preferred Zoom sessions. Of the respondents 57.9% feared lack of direct anatomy learning might have an impact on their clinical skills in future. The major problems of online learning were identified as lack of self-motivation, lack of onsite practicals, and increased screen time.
Conclusion: Though majority of participants agreed that onsite anatomy teaching and learning cannot be replaced by the online course, the attitude towards it appears to be mostly positive during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Morphological diversity of peroneus tertius: a cadaveric study
Authors: Kosgallana E. W. , Eshwara J. M. , Dissanayake J.
Published: October 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to demonstrate morphological anatomical variations of the peroneus tertius muscle which may have important clinical and surgical implications.
Materials and methods: Fifty four specimens of anterior compartment of the leg which were dissected routinely according to the undergraduate course were examined for variations of the above muscles and the anatomy was further defined using appropriate dissection methods.
Results: A wide variation was found with regard to the morphology of peroneus tertius and the extensor digitorum longus muscles with considerable differences between the legs of the same cadaver.
When considering important variations deviating considerably from the normal structure, a variation of the distal attachment of peroneus tertius muscle in two specimens revealed that in addition to the normal attachment to the shaft of the fifth metatarsal, an additional slip inserted to the extensor expansion of the fifth toe. It apparently replaced the fourth tendon of extensor digitorum longus, which only had three divisions in these specimens.  
Seventeen of the specimens had a single muscle belly giving rise to 5 tendons which had the usual distal attachments of the peroneus tertius and the extensor digitorum longus muscle as stated below. Absence of peroneus tertius was noted in one specimen.
Conclusion: The anatomical structure of the peroneus tertius vary substantially from individual to individual, inclusive of differences existing between the left and the right lower limbs of the same cadaver.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia presenting in adult life: a study of two cases
Authors: Amaratunga H. A. , Peiris S. P. M. , Lamawanse M. D.
Published: October 2021

Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) usually presents in the newborn and rarely present as undetected cases in adult life. Defects in the diaphragm can cause abdominal organs to herniate into the thoracic cavity resulting in respiratory distress or strangulation of abdominal organs. Reported here are 3 cases of congenital CDH presenting in adult life.
A 59-year-old male presenting with epigastric pain, bilious vomiting and constipation demonstrated an air-fluid level in the anterior mediastinum on chest radiograph. Surgery revealed an anterior Morgagni defect with a loop of terminal ileum herniated and strangulated into the pericardial sac.
A15-year-old girl presenting with abdominal pain and pyrexia for 2 days, on CT chest and abdomen revealed right lobe of liver and transverse colon in the right hemithorax with the pericardium pushed to the opposite side. Surgery revealed a large right sided Bochdelaks type hernia. A strangulated gangrenous transverse colon was removed from within the thoracic cavity.
In these cases the body had adapted by maintaining total lung volume by compensatory hyperplasia of the contralateral lung allowing the patients to survive with no symptoms for a long duration of time. Even though rare, the possibility of CDH presenting as acute abdomen is important to remember.
Abnormal origin of left ovarian artery from the inferior renal polar artery - a rare anatomical variation
Authors: Eranga U. R. R. , Samarawickrama M. B. , Rodrigo M. , Nanayakkara P. G. C. L.
Published: October 2021

Anatomical variations of the renal arteries and gonadal arteries are not uncommon owing to their embryological origin. Awareness of possible anatomical variations of the renal artery and gonadal artery is essential for surgeons who perform open and minimally invasive procedures of the kidneys and retroperitoneal region to prevent disastrous haemorrhagic complications during those procedures and for radiologists to prevent misinterpretations of imaging and to prevent vascular complications during interventional procedures. The present report describes an unusual variation of the left ovarian artery arising from the inferior renal polar artery which originated from the abdominal aorta superior to the main renal artery.
A unique anatomical variation of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle: a cadaveric case report
Authors: Udhayakumar S. , Nilojan J. S. , Ketheeswaran N. , Srishankar S.
Published: October 2021

Anatomical variations of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle are uncommon and is related to evolution of muscle from amphibians to human. These variations are of academic interest and should be considered when facing variations in clinical examination, interpreting radiological images and in surgical procedures such as tendon graft.
We report a case of unilateral variation of FDS muscle in the forearm with two muscle bellies: superficial and deep which has not been reported before. The humeroulnar and radial origins of the superficial belly united to form a single muscle belly, which divided in the upper part of forearm into two tendons, that passed through carpal tunnel and inserted into the middle phalanges of third and fourth digits. The deep belly originated from medial epicondyle of the humerus next to flexor carpi ulnaris, continued as a short tendon in the upper part of forearm and then formed a second muscle belly in the middle third of the forearm (two muscle bellies separated by an intermediate tendon). In the lower part of forearm deep muscle belly divided into two tendons which traversed the carpal tunnel and was inserted into middle phalanx of second and fifth digits.
The report enhances the knowledge on variation of FDS and add a note to understand atypical findings on physical examination and during surgery.
Anatomy of laparoscopic splenectomy; case report
Authors: Sancheewan S. , Kanchana P. , Karunasagara D. , Jamaldeen R. , Galketiya K. B.
Published: October 2021

Splenectomy when performed by laparoscopy is associated with less morbidity compared to open surgery. It also has a cosmetic advantage due to smaller wounds. The case discussion illustrates the anatomical landmarks and relationships during a laparoscopic splenectomy.
Teaching anatomy in Sri Lanka: past, present and future
Authors: Chenthuran T.
Published: October 2021

No abstract available
Morphometric evaluation and quantification using Fiji
Authors: Mathangasinghe Y. , Samaranayake U. M. E.
Published: October 2021

Fiji is a free software which can be used for image analysis in anatomical studies which allows obtaining accurate measurements of fine structures for morphometric evaluation. Fiji has a user-friendly interface with no requirement of programming skills, hence it has gained a wide interest among basic scientists.  Here, we describe a protocol for obtaining basic measurements in gross anatomical and radiological studies using Fiji.
A tribute to an esteemed and distinguished personality in the academic and scientific world who passed away on the 10th December 2020 - Professor Eugene Ramya Wikramanayake (nee Jayasekara) - “Anatomy and Human Genetics Educator”
Authors: Goonewardene Shanti
Published: October 2021

No abstract available
Sea ice phenology in the Caspian Sea
Authors: Fendereski Forough
Published: October 2021

To understand the spatial and temporal variations in the extent and timing of sea ice in the Caspian Sea (CS), 15 years of sea ice presence and its phenology (freeze-up, break-up, and duration) were studied in the Northern CS (NCS) for a period from 2004 to 2018. This study indicated that the percentage of sea ice covered area in the CS showed fluctuations ranging from 54.2% in 2004 to more than 89% in 2006 and 2008. This study, furthermore, found regional differences within the NCS in sea ice phonological features during 2004 to 2018. Specifically, earlier sea ice formation, later ice melt, and longer ice periods were observed in the eastern than the western NCS. Noticeable interannual changes were also observed in the timing and duration of the NCS ice (2004-2018). However, most parts of the NCS did not show significant trends (P>0.05) in the formation, decay, and duration of sea ice and their interannual variability. The observed spatial and temporal patterns in the CS ice can have implications for phytoplankton blooms and higher trophic levels, such as fish and endangered Caspian seal populations and merits further investigation.
Characterization, classification and suitability evaluation of soils under sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cultivation at the Sugar Research Farm, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Ajala O.N. , Adjadeh T.A. , Olaniyan J.O. , Isimikalu T.O. , Nartey E.K. , James F.O.
Published: October 2021

A reconnaissance survey conducted at the University of Ilorin Sugar Research Farm (USRF) revealed four dominant soils at Site 1 (USRF1) and one at Site 2 (USRF2). The soils were characterized and classified according to both the Soil Taxonomy (ST) and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). Also, the suitability of the soils for sugarcane cultivation was evaluated using the limitation approach. While the USRF1 soils were reddish, the USRF2 soil was greyish due to poor drainage. The USRF1 soils were loamy sand with the AB-horizons of pedons II and III being gravelly. Pedon V had sandy loam surface, sandy clay loam subsurface and clay loam subsoil. The USRF1 soils were moderately acid while the USRF2 soil was slightly acid to slightly alkaline. Exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) content of the USRF2 soil which averaged 4.00 cmolc kg–1 was 2-3 times higher than that of the USRF1 soils. The USRF2 soil also contained higher Mg2+, K+ and Na+, 2-3 folds higher effective cation exchange capacity and > 10 folds higher soil organic carbon (with mean of 11.60 g kg–1) and total nitrogen (mean of 0.94 g kg–1). Under ST, pedons I and IV classified as Typic Haplustepts, II and III as Lithic Haplustepts and V as a Kanhaplic Haplustalf. Under WRB, pedons I and IV classified as Eutric Regosols (arenic), II and III as Endo-pisoplinthic Cambisols (arenic) and V as a Gleyic Lixisol (loamic). Pedon V was highly suitable (85.25%), I and IV moderately suitable (64.53%), II marginally suitable (47.40%) and III unsuitable (35.62%) for sugarcane cultivation.
Influence of slope aspect and position on soil physical quality and management implications at University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Ogban P.I.
Published: October 2021

The effect of north and south aspects (NA and SA) and positions viz upper (US), middle (MS) and lower (LS) on soil physical quality from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated at the University of Uyo Teaching & Research Farm, to identify management factors at the Farm. Results showed that coarse sand increased while clay content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and soil textural class was loamy sand on slope aspects and positions. Soil bulk density and total porosity were similar on the slope aspects and positions. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly (p < 0.05) higher on SA (10.6 cm h–1) than NA (3.1 cm h–1) but declined by 93.03% and 52.47%, respectively in 20 years. Soil organic carbon, water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter of soil aggregates and structural index decreased by 14.81% and 38.33%, 60.53% and 55.53%, 31.26% and 21.71%, and 48.60% and 69.0%, respectively in NA and SA within the 20-year period. One minute infiltration rate was similar on NA and SA, while final infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, sorptivity and transmissivity were significantly (p < 0.05) different; these soil hydraulic properties decreased in NA and SA by 83.0% and 86.43%, 52.63% and 14.29%, 81.53% and 63.9%, 95.0% and 85.63% and 90.42% and 96.11%, respectively on the aspects after the 20 years. Slope aspects and positions were generally similar in their effects on soil physical quality attributes, most of which were degraded after the 20 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified seven soil quality management factors namely (1) water intake, (2) soil texture, (3) soil pore space, (4) and (6) Fe and Al oxide, and (5) and (7) soil structural stability factors that could be used to improve and conserve the soil and water for increases in crop production on the farm.
Exploring integrated pest management strategies in the control of the fall armyworm in smallholder organic agriculture farms in Africa
Authors: Akinyemi A.O.
Published: October 2021

The invasion of the fall armyworm was first reported in Africa in the year 2016. It has since then spread to over 40 countries across Africa, Asia and Australia. Being a polyphagous insect, the potential devastation effects of fall armyworm are enormous, especially among smallholder farmers. Currently, most farmers rely on the use of synthetic pesticides for the control of this pest. Organic agriculture however usually has very limited synthetic products approved for the control of pests. Organic production system therefore often depends on ecological processes, biodiversity and cycles adapted to local conditions for the management of pest. This paper reviews the availablemanagement methods applicable to the control of fall armyworm that can be adopted in an organic agriculture setting. Agroecological methods such as the push-pull technology, crop rotation and other methods including the use of resistant varieties, pheromone traps and biocontrol agents form an important control building block. Integrating these methods in a manner that is acceptable for organic certification will need further research, but it is certainly the way to go in combating the menace of the fall armyworm in organic agricultureand were reviewed in this paper.
Genetic analysis of low-n traits in maize (Zea mays L) using triple test cross
Authors: Afolabi M.S. , Agbowuro G.O. , Salami A.E , Akoroda M.O.
Published: October 2021

Low-N maize variety is developed for its ability to tolerate low nitrogen soil environment. This experiment was conducted to study the genetic implication of Low-N maize variety for grain yield and related traits under low nitrogen soil conditions triple test cross analysis. Inbred lines used for the study were generated from twelve low nitrogen tolerance open pollinated maize varieties after six generations of selfing. Two inbred lines along with their F1 were used as testers for ten inbred lines in a triple test cross pattern to generate 30 crosses. The 30 crosses, their parents and the testers to State University, Ado-Ekiti during 2017 planting season. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected on plant height, ear height, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, incidence of curvularia leaf spot, blight, plant aspect, ear aspect, ear rot, stay green, cob per plant, ear weight, grain moisture content and grain yield. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and complete genetic estimates. Additive and dominants were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits; however, epitasis estimates were not significant for all the traits tested. The degree of dominance component indicated partial dominance for all the traits. Correlation coefficients for days to 50% anthesis and 50% silking, plant height, ear height, number of cobs per plant and grain yield were positive and significant (P < 0.05). Since both additive and dominance gene actions were important for low-N traits, the use of reciprocal recurrent selection procedure can be adopted in incorporating the trait into elite maize varieties.
Status of accumulated heavy metals in soils from organic and conventional farms in Akinyele Local Government, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Odunjo T.E. , Thomas E.Y.
Published: October 2021

The risk associated with the presence of heavy metals in soil is their potential toxicity and ability to enter the ecosystem through the food chain. Total heavy metal content of a soil is inadequate for predicting the toxicity of heavy metals in soil. Therefore, the current study was designed to determine the various forms in which the selected heavy metals: Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), and Cadmium (Cd) exist in the soil to ascertain the available forms for plant uptake. Soils samples were randomly collected from selected organic and conventional farms in Akinyele local government, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, at different depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) using random sampling method. Routine analysis was carried out to determine the textural classes and chemical properties of soil samples. The total heavy metals of the soil samples were determined and their fractions were analysed using sequential extraction method. Cadmium was not detected in most of the soil samples. Residual fraction was predominant in all the analysed heavy metals. In addition, Cr was more associated with the oxidizable fraction having a range of 0.1 mg/kg from Ajibode organic farm (AO) at 30-45 cm depth. Pb and Ni were both more associated with reducible fraction with Pb having a range of 2.7 mg/kg in Ajibode conventional farm (AI) at 0-15 cm depth and 0.1 mg/kg in (AI) at 30-45 cm depth. Reducible values of Ni ranges from 4.3 mg/kg in AI at 0-15 cm to 1.4 mg/kg in AO at 30-45 cm. The apparent mobility and bioavailability for these heavy metals in the studied soils were in the order: Pb>Cr>Ni. The result showed that uptake of heavy metals by the plants would be low as the concentration of the exchangeable form of the heavy metals in the analysed soil sample has the least concentration when compared with the other forms.
Comparative morphology and ph of the alimentary tract in Archachatina marginata and Achatina achatina
Authors: Okeniyi F.A. , Osinowo O.A.
Published: October 2021

A study was carried out to investigate the comparative morphology and pH of the gut in the Giant African Land Snails, in Archachatina marginata and Achatina achatina respectively. The crop is long, distended and less fleshy with reddish brown coloured juice (5.8 ml volume) in A. marginata, while it is short, compact and fleshy with greenish brown coloured juice (3.2 ml volume) in A. achatina. The digestive gland was heavier (17.36 vs. 15.74 g) in the latter than the former. The absolute weight of the crop in A. marginata was significantly (p<0.05) higher than in A. Achatina, however, the absolute and relative weights of the digestive gland in A. achatina was significantly (p<0.05) higher than in A. marginata. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in linear measurements of the salivary gland and crop for absolute values and the salivary gland, crop, stomach and digestive gland for relative values. Archachatina marginata had significantly (p<0.05) longer salivary gland and crop than Achatina achatina for absolute length values and significantly (p<0.05) longer salivary gland, crop and digestive gland for relative length values. However, the relative stomach length in A. achatina was significantly (p<0.05) longer than in A. marginata. The gut pH was more acidic in the crop (5.38 and 4.83) than in the mouth (6.93 and 6.82) where it tended towards neutrality in A. marginata and A. achatina respectively. The pH profiles in the two species, decreased by 1.65 and 1.99 from the mouth to the crop while it increased by 1.46 and 1.97 from the crop to the distal digestive gland in A. marginata and A. achatina respectively. In the herbivorous snails, the pH along the gut regions remained acidic all through (5.38 – 6.93 and 4.83 – 6.82) in A. marginata and A. achatina respectively, confirming the herbivorous habits in these snail species. The longer gut and distended crop with higher volume of crop juice in A. marginata, implies its ability to store, utilize and digest more food materials than A. achatina. These results provide the basis for a better understanding of the physiology of the digestive processes in these snails.
Cutting edges in Clostridioides difficile infections
Authors: Durovic Ana , Tschudin-Sutter Sarah
Published: October 2021

Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of hospital-acquired diarrhoea and one of the most important causes of hospital-acquired infections. It results in significant morbidity, mortality and economic burden - especially in the context of recurrent infections. After initial antibiotic therapy of a C. difficile infection, recurrence occurs in about 20% of all patients, which increases the risk of further recurrence to about 45%.
Traditional therapeutic options for treatment of C. difficile infection include metronidazole or vancomycin. Newer therapy options such as fidaxomicin, the administration of monoclonal antibodies or faecal microbiota transplantation demonstrate significant advantages over traditional therapies, particularly regarding the reduction of the recurrence rate.
This article highlights the main differences between the recommendations of the Swiss Society for Infectious Diseases on the management of “Clostridioides difficile infection” and the IDSA/SHEA reference guideline “Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)” and discusses some important challenges in -treatment of C. difficile.
Octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri (Berk.) Dring, an alien stinkhorn fungus (Phallaceae), in north-eastern Poland
Authors: Piętka Jacek , Byk Damian , Byk Adam
Published: October 2021

Distribution of an alien fungus, octopus stinkhorn Clathrus archeri, has been studied in north-eastern Poland. The closest earlier known localities of this species, situated north of the new ones, were reported near the village of Dymnica (Lębork County) in Poland and near the town of Kartena in Lithuania. Field research was conducted in May–November in 2019-2020 and information from naturalists and foresters was verified, to map this species and draw attention to the problem of appearance of alien fungal species in forests. In the locality where the largest number of basidiomata was found, they were measured every day from 12 October till 2 November 2020: height and width of young ones at the egg phase, height of mature ones, and length of their longest arms. Additionally, arms of individual basidiomata were counted. We have documented 7 localities of C. archeri, including 5 situated in forests and 2 in other habitats. In total, we found 63 basidiomata of this species. In the localities outside forests, basidiomata of C. archeri appeared in places where timber was stored and the soil was covered with sawdust and pieces of bark. The other 5 localities were situated in broadleaved forests with a small proportion of coniferous species. It seems that C. archeri, when moisture level is suitable, finds favourable living conditions in fertile broadleaved forests of north-eastern Poland. It is sometimes re-moved from forest areas (e.g. with wood) to open and urbanized areas. Considering the observed climate change, we can expect a further spread of C. archeri to the north-eastern of Poland and an increase in the number of its localities in the Baltic Sea region. Spore dispersal of this species is facilitated not only by humans but also by insects. No negative impact of C. archeri on wooded habitats was noticed.  Key words: Phallaceae, Clathrus archeri, octopus stinkhorn, alien species, ecology, distribution, forest, Poland
Qualitative consumer research to explore communications on food safety messaging
Authors: Hollings Polly , Porter Lauren , Cameron Daniel
Published: October 2021

During analysis of the research findings, the COM-B framework, was applied to help understand how best to support behaviour change. These components are referenced in the research conclusions and were used to develop a framework for the FSA Food Safety Communication Toolkit.
Relato oficial: Neoadyuvancia en el cáncer de recto
Authors: O. Leiro Fabio , Bianchi Romina
Published: October 2021

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Analisis Penerimaan Penggunaaan Sistem Informasi Akademik/SISCA Menggunakan UTAUT
Authors: Putra Anjar Anjani , Kusrini Kusrini , Pramono Eko
Published: October 2021

Kebutuhan penggunaan sistem informasi akademik yang terintegrasi dewasa ini semakin meningkat khususnya di level perguruan tinggi. Sistem informasi akademik yang akan dibuat seharusnya seimbang antara infrastruktur teknologi yang tersedia dengan kemampuan sumber daya manusianya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh antar faktor UTAUT dan rekomendasi yang dapat diambil dari faktor-faktor UTAUT yang mempengaruhi sistem informasi akademik IAIN Purwokerto. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 responden yang terdiri dari dosen, tenaga kependidikan dan mahasiswa pengguna sistem. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan software SPSS 22.0. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap penerimaan dan penggunaan sistem informasi akademik yaitu Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Anxiety, Performance Expectancy dan Self Efficacy sedangkan variabel Facilitating Condition tidak mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan sistem informasi Akademik/SISCA
Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik Tentang Penerapan Motion Capture Pada Proses Produksi Animasi
Authors: As Shidiqi Qolbun Salim , Utami Ema , Sofyan Amir Fatah
Published: October 2021

Motion capture adalah metode atraktif untuk membuat gerakan dalam animasi komputer. Mocap dapat menyajikan gerakan yang realistis dan memberikan nuansa dan detil khususnya pada pameran tertentu. Mocap memungkinkan bagi aktor dan sutradara untuk bekerja bersama membuat gerakan tertentu yang diinginkan, yang itu akan sulit dilakukan pada animator yang bekerja secara manual. Teknologi motion capture dibutuhkan dalam berbagai aplikasi, khususnya animasi yang terus berkembang pesat. Teknik yang digunakan dapat menggunakan penanda maupun tanpa penanda (markerless).

Ada banyak algoritma untuk motion capture salah satunya metode Active Appearance Model (AAM). Metode ini mampu melakukan capture titik-titik landmark pada wajah dengan baik. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk mengembangkan teknik markerless motion capture dengan menggunakan AAM pada wajah. Dari metode yang ada perlu diketahui mana metode yang paling efektif untuk digunakan, untuk itu penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode AAM, yaitu IAIA (Inverse Additive Image Alignment) dan ICIA (Inverse Compositional Image Alignment) yang dilakukan secara real time. AAM merupakan metode yang sering digunakan pada pemodelan wajah (face modeling). Namun, AAM dapat juga bermanfaat untuk implementasi lainnya. Dalam aplikasi tertentu, langkah pertama adalah mencocokan AAM dengan gambar, yakni parameter model ditemukan terlebih dahulu untuk memaksi-malkan kecocokan antara contoh model dengan gambar input.
An SFL Approach to Biden’s Inauguration Speech after Winning the Presidential Election: Compensation
Authors: Abbaszadeh Reza
Published: October 2021

The US election is an influential event, not just in the USA itself but in the world. The present study aims to analyze Joe Biden’s inauguration speech after winning the presidential election in January 2021 and becoming the 46th president of the United States. Moreover, this paper attempts to investigate the USA’s possible policies toward their own nation and, of course, the other countries. This analysis goes through predicting probable upcoming policies of Biden’s administration comparing to the previous president of the USA, Donald Trump, who breached several international agreements. To this end, Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics (SFL) (Halliday, 1978; Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014) has been employed in Biden’s first speech after winning the election and beginning of the democratic administration to observe his political intentions by means of a critical approach and using appraisal resources of Martin and White (2007) to clarify the attitude, graduation, and engagement of his speech. Overall, designating the number of vocabularies related to any of the mentioned appraisal resources, it is concluded that Biden’s tendency, based on his inauguration speech and the lexical and grammatical (‘lexicogrammar) choices, is to compensate Trump’s actions, such as breaching 2015 JCPOA agreement and breaking 2015 Paris Climate Accord, and make peace with whom Trump had fueled conflicts.
Controle de resultados da Administração aplicado à segurança pública
Authors: Romão Luis Fernando de França
Published: October 2021

O presente texto tece algumas considerações doutrinárias sobre o controle de resultados da Administração pública e as implicações subjacentes quando aplicado à segurança pública, com especial atenção para a realidade do Rio de Janeiro. Faz-se uma análise empírica de três experiências da Administração Pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, em governos distintos, para o controle de resultados e eficiência na segurança pública estadual. Conclui declinando as dificuldades e desafios envolvendo o controle das polícias e as políticas públicas de segurança.
Jurisdição constitucional em tempos de crise:
Authors: Cunha Beatriz
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo analisa a atuação da jurisdição constitucional em tempos de crise democrática. De início, apresenta o panorama da crise do século XXI, enumerando suas causas e características. Após, aborda a importância do Poder Judiciário nesse contexto. Em seguida, foram apresentados, sem qualquer pretensão de completude, parâmetros que podem ser adotados pelo Judiciário para contenção do autoritarismo. Os instrumentos abarcam a) a função contramajoritária e a rejeição à função representativa; b) a democracia militante, incluindo medidas de prevenção, reação e imunização; c) uma jurisdição constitucional anticíclica; e d) os litígios estruturais. Por outro lado, os tribunais devem se centrar nas seguintes diretrizes: a) proteção das eleições, do sufrágio e do pluripartidarismo; b) tutela da liberdade de expressão; c) defesa da igualdade; d) coibição de atos de violência e de discursos de ódio; e) garantia da separação dos poderes; f) preservação da consistência das decisões públicas e da suficiência do processo deliberativo; g) superação do populismo penal; e h) retomada da efetividade dos direitos Sociais frente ao neoliberalismo autoritário. Por fim, adentra nos meandros que envolvem o risco de empacotamento dos tribunais diante de crises democráticas. Assim, conclui que o cenário impõe uma atuação firme do Poder Judiciário no combate ao autoritarismo, à luz dos parâmetros propostos, mas sem que se perca de vista a ameaça ao seu aparelhamento.
Marco legal da pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação
Authors: Ângelo Montolli Carolina
Published: October 2021

Atualmente, o investimento em tecnologias é considerado um avanço e um indicativo de favorecimento do processo de inovação que já é visto como estratégia de desenvolvimento da economia em todo o mundo, incluindo no estado de Minas Gerais, no Brasil. Entretanto, os investimentos ainda não são suficientes, havendo a necessidade de propor novas soluções para melhorias e aperfeiçoamento da pesquisa em desenvolvimento tecnológico e inovações. Enquanto houver limitações em tal setor, o país tende a ter sua capacidade de desenvolvimento restrito, sendo impedido de crescer ainda mais no quesito desenvolvimento e inovação.
Proteção de crianças e adolescentes na LGPD:
Authors: Fernandes Elora , Medon Filipe
Published: October 2021

A Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (LGPD), desde a sua promulgação, é objeto de diversas discussões doutrinárias acerca de alguns de seus dispositivos. No que se refere à proteção especial de crianças e adolescentes, disposta no art. 14, da Lei, percebe-se que ainda persistem dúvidas interpretativas e lacunas regulatórias que, diante do tratamento massivo de dados pessoais, podem ser prejudiciais ao melhor interesse. A partir disso, este trabalho busca discutir quatro pontos ainda obscuros na Lei acerca da temática, quais sejam, a normativa referente ao consentimento; as bases legais aplicáveis ao tratamento de dados de crianças e adolescentes; a necessidade da elaboração do Relatório de Impacto à Proteção de Dados como instrumento para proteção da privacidade e dos dados de crianças e adolescentes; e, o debate acerca da efetivação da norma constante do art. 14, §4º, da LGPD.
Direitos do titular de dados:
Authors: Rigolon Korkmaz Maria Regina , Sacramento Mariana
Published: October 2021

Atualmente, múltiplos desafios são enfrentados no cenário dos progressivos avanços tecnológicos e da ostensiva coleta de dados pessoais. Considerando a integração dos dados pessoais ao corpo eletrônico da pessoa, com base na referência teórica de Stefano Rodotà, o presente artigo teve por fim, a partir de uma abordagem exploratória, analisar os chamados direitos dos titulares, dispostos na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (Lei n. 13.709 de 2018), uma vez considerado que a proteção de dados pessoais se apresenta como chave para a tutela de diversos direitos na era digital. Para compor a investigação, com um caráter eminentemente comparativo, a análise passou pelo Regulamento Europeu de Proteção de Dados (Regulamento 2016/679 do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho da União Europeia), tendo em vista que modelo da União Europeia representa a grande influencia exógena da normativa brasileira nesse campo. Portanto, a partir de uma interpretação sistemática do marco regulatório brasileiro, foi possível concluir que, embora sejam reconhecidas determinadas limitações, há a previsão de um importante campo de tutela da pessoa com a referência da autodeterminação informativa. Ademais, foi possível depreender da norma a existência de um significativo espaço para a atuação da Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados nesse cenário, sobretudo com relação a integração, interpretação e fiscalização.
Reciprocidade entre mediação e recuperação judicial:
Authors: Mariotini Fabiana
Published: October 2021

O texto propõe-se a analisar a renegociação contratual, notadamente em recuperações judiciais, no cenário de pandemia do novo Coronavírus. Para tanto, ressaltam-se as principais questões que gravitam em torno do tema, inclusive aspectos históricos-evolutivos. Após examinar pontos importantes sobre o reequilíbrio dos contratos e a autonomia da vontade, constrói-se um caminho no qual se aponta para a mediação como sendo o espaço adequado para a implementação da pacificação social nesse contexto. Para a construção das premissas do estudo, é utilizado o método da revisão bibliográfica. Por outro lado, na formulação das teses defendidas, o método dedutivo ganha espaço.
Dificuldades interpretativas no regime de tratamento de dados pelo poder público:
Authors: Furlan Di Biase Nicholas , Fortes Aguilera Daniel
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo se propõe a realizar uma análise abrangente das disposições contidas no Capítulo IV da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados – LGPD, direcionado ao tratamento de dados pessoais pelo Poder Público. Sem prejuízo de uma contextualização acerca dos temas que darão ensejo às principais discussões nessa matéria, o objetivo precípuo do estudo é apontar as mais relevantes lacunas, contradições, atecnias, confusões terminológicas e problemas estruturais identificados nesse Capítulo da Lei, que não encontra correspondência na GDPR europeia. Ao mesmo tempo, sempre que oportuno, serão feitas sugestões preliminares acerca do que parece ser a correta interpretação de algumas das disposições que são objeto de controvérsia.
inconstitucionalidade da aplicação do art. 5º da EC n.º 109/21 para os fundos de direitos da criança e do adolescente
Authors: Pinheiro da Silva Hendrick , Auad Denise
Published: October 2021

O artigo tem como tema a inconstitucionalidade da aplicação da regra do art. 5º da EC 109/21 para os Fundos de Direito da Criança e do Adolescente. Apresenta como problema que a necessidade de proteção integral e prioritária da criança e do adolescente, direito fundamental previsto no art. 227 da Constituição Federal, seria afrontado com a aplicação do art. 5º da EC 109/21 em relação ao FIA. Toma-se por hipótese que o art. 5º da EC 109/21 seria inconstitucional e sua compatibilização com o ordenamento constitucional dependeria de uma declaração de inconstitucionalidade sem redução de texto, para excluir de seu campo de aplicação os fundos destinados à proteção da criança e do adolescente. Para testar a hipótese, o primeiro tópico analisa a mecânica de funcionamento da regra do art. 5º da EC 109/21, para demonstrar seu potencial impacto em relação ao FIA. No tópico seguinte, o objetivo é demonstrar que o FIA é instrumento para a realização do princípio da proteção integral e prioritária, e que a aplicação do art. 5º da EC 109/21 representa ofensa direta à garantia constitucional prevista no art. 60, § 4º, IV, da CF/88. Na etapa final, propõe que a compatibilização do art. 5º da EC 109/21 com a ordem constitucional dependeria de uma declaração de inconstitucionalidade sem redução de texto, que excluísse de seu campo de aplicação os fundos para proteção da criança e do adolescente. O trabalho é produto de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, que adota um paradigma teórico pós-positivista, realizada sobre análise bibliográfica de textos legais brasileiros e comentários doutrinários de autores nacionais.
Separação de poderes, autonomia financeira e o Supremo:
Authors: Gama Mascarenhas Caio
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo possui como escopo examinar o controle judicial do STF sobre litígios financeiros entre Poderes envolvendo duodécimos entre 1988 e 2020, isto é, sob a égide da CF/88. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa buscou responder as seguintes questões: Como a autonomia financeira limita o contingenciamento de gastos segundo o precedente firmado na ADI 2238/DF? Quais os limites da autonomia financeira segundo os precedentes firmados no MS 31671/RN, MS 34483/RJ e ADPF 405/RJ? Como agiu a Suprema Corte no jogo do resgate e das restrições orçamentárias? Para tanto, analisaram-se o inteiro teor e o andamento processual de alguns acórdãos paradigmas e de 42 decisões da presidência do STF sobre duodécimos entre 1988 e 2020, aos quais foram submetidos critérios de análise de resultados para determinar o grau de deferência do Supremo Tribunal Federal à autonomia financeira dos Poderes ou, por outro lado, à administração fiscal realizada pelo Poder Executivo. A pesquisa aponta que o Supremo funciona como um “Poder Moderador informal” em conflitos orçamentários entre os ramos de Poderes estaduais – substituindo a figura do Poder Executivo no §3º do art. 9º da LRF (julgado inconstitucional) e afetando o jogo do resgate e de restrições orçamentárias entre Poderes e Instituições. Sobre o grau de deferência das decisões da presidência em sede de contracautela, a pesquisa concluiu que: 47,6% das decisões (20 casos) foram favoráveis ao Poder Executivo, 38,1% das decisões (16 casos) foram desfavoráveis ao Poder Executivo; e 14,3% das decisões (6 casos) foram neutras.
Por uma compreensão da Teoria do Fato Jurídico de Pontes de Miranda afinada ao pensamento integral do autor:
Authors: Silveira de Castro Isabella
Published: October 2021

Pontes de Miranda é um dos grandes expoentes do direito brasileiro e um dos juristas nacionais mais citados. Apesar disso, não se pode afirmar ser compreendido em toda sua complexidade. O presente artigo objetiva contribuir com a disseminação do pensamento de Pontes e combater a tendência de ser muito citado e pouco conhecido. Mais especificamente, pretende demonstrar como a aplicação da teoria interpretativa de Pontes de Miranda, dita Teoria do Fato Jurídico, de modo desintegrado de suas formulações de Teoria Geral do Direito e Filosofia do Direito acaba por desvirtuar o pensamento do autor e descaracterizá-lo. Em suma, o que se pretende é propor uma leitura da teoria interpretativa pontesiano afinada com uma compreensão global de seu pensamento.
Lei n° 14.133/2021 e a segurança jurídica nos contratos administrativos:
Authors: Binenbojm Gustavo
Published: October 2021

A nova Lei de licitações e contratos administrativos não representa ruptura abrupta com o regime anterior. Ao contrário, a opção clara foi por continuidade, consolidação de leis esparsas e inclusão de inovações pontuais, como soluções incrementais para velhos problemas. Algumas delas são vocacionadas à melhoria da segurança jurídica nas contratações públicas.
Parecer RD nº 03/2008
Authors: Lima Daudt d’Oliveira Rafael
Published: October 2021

[...]
Constantine Porphyrogennetos, The Book of Ceremonies
Authors: Тубин Славиша
Published: October 2021

Constantine Porphyrogennetos, The Book of Ceremonies
With the Greek edition of the Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae
(Bonn, 1829), Byzantina Australiensia, 18, ed. and tr. by Ann Moffatt and Maxene Tall.
Canberra: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies, 2012. 870 pp. ISBN 1876503424