bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Health Traditions (LHTs)/Ethnomedical Practices (EMPs) for Sikkim
Authors: Shiddamallayya Nagayya , Bora Devanjal , Mandal Tushar Kanti , Anku Gyati , Borah Tapashi , Rath Chinmay , Susmitha Bonthu , Tripathi Ashish Kumar , Mangal Anupam Kumar , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: September 2019

Aim:

Sikkim state is endowed with rich plant biodiversity. Most of the tribal and rural populations following organic techniques for their livelihood depend on traditional systems for treatment of human ailments. The present work has been carried out to understand the local health traditions and use of common plants for treatment by rural populace of Sikkim.

Materials and methods:

The medico-ethno botanical survey was conducted by documenting the local health traditions by interviewing traditional healers of tribal and rural population and by collecting medicinal herb specimens and digital photography of herbs and healers for further process.

Results:

The medico-ethno botanical survey team documented a total of 20 folk claims with 18 medicinal plants used by traditional healers for ailments like wounds, cuts, bleeding, cough, fever, tonsils, sinusitis, migraine, pneumonia, breathing problems, jaundice, indigestion, burning sensation of stomach, constipation, piles, retention of urine, crack bone, dislocated bones, toothache, and ringworm.

Conclusion:

The tribal and rural population of Sikkim lives in remote rural areas with low income, and since it is difficult to afford modern medical treatment, local traditional healers use commonly available medicinal plants from nearby forests for the treatment of different ailments. It is high time to think and use common available medicinal plants in new formulations for treatment and to overcome the problem of substitutes and adulterations and also to conserve rare, threatened, and endangered medicinal plants.
Validation of the Best Procurement Season of Arjuna Bark [Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.] by Comparative HPLC and Pharmacognostical Studies
Authors: Sharma Neelima , Cheemalapati Venkata N , Mangal Anupam K , Murthy Soma Narsimha , Pant Pramila , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar Singh , Rekha Prabhu , Raju Ilavarsan
Published: September 2019

Aim:

The present study was undertaken to establish the best procurement time for Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.) by analyzing the seasonal variation in bioactive secondary metabolite in the bark with quantitative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as comparative pharmacognosy by taking consideration of Ayurvedic literature. In Ayurveda, it is mentioned that for all the herbs, the best-suited procurement time is Sharad Ritu, especially for bark.1,2 Therefore, to validate the time of collection, the present study has been planned.

Materials and methods:

Arjuna bark from the same habitat in all six seasons described in Ayurveda, i.e., Shishir (January–February), Vasant (March–April), Grishma (May-June), Varsha (July–August), Sharad (September–October), and Hemant (November–December), has been collected. Authentication of the source of the collected plant material was done and the accession number was given by the herbarium of NVARI, Jhansi. Identification and comparative pharmacognosy in each season at the macroscopic and microscopic levels along with powder microscopy of the useful part of the plant per the standard procedures was done at NVARI Jhansi. The extraction of the economically important plant bark and the quantitative HPLC analysis of the extracted material in all six seasons and comparison of HPLC analysis of different seasons were carried out at Captain Srinivasa Murthy Research Institute of Ayurveda and Siddha Drug Development (CSMRIASDD), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Results:

The present study showed that internal microscopical features remained the same throughout the year. A selected marker compound, ellagic acid, was quantified in

each season by HPLC. The extractive value was found to be maximum, e.g., 1.7698 g of hydro-alcoholic extract in the Sharad Ritu sample. HPLC estimation showed that the abundance of ellagic acid is more in the Sharad Ritu sample, e.g., 0.0826 to 0.1103. Results indicated that a maximum concentration of bioactive secondary metabolite, i.e., ellagic acid, is in the Sharad Ritu sample.

Conclusion:

Findings suggest that if Arjuna [Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.] barks are collected in Sharad Ritu, then it will provide better therapeutic results.
The long-term trend and production sensitivity change of the U.S. ozone pollution from observations and model simulations
Authors: He Hao , Liang Xin-Zhong , Sun Chao , Tao Zhining , Tong Daniel Q.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We investigated the ozone pollution trend and its sensitivity to key precursors from 1990 to 2015 in the United States using long-term EPA AQS observations and mesoscale simulations. The modeling system, a coupled regional climate–air quality (CWRF-CMAQ) model, well captured summer surface ozone pollution during the past decades, having a mean slope of linear regression with AQS observations at ~ 0.75. While the AQS network has limited spatial coverage and measures only a few key chemical species, the CWRF-CMAQ provides comprehensive simulations to enable a more rigorous study of the change in ozone pollution and chemical sensitivity. Analysis of seasonal variations and diurnal cycle of ozone observations showed that peak ozone concentrations in the summer afternoon decreased ubiquitously across the United States, up to 0.5 ppbv/yr in major non-attainment areas such as Los Angeles, while concentrations at other hours such as the early morning and late afternoon increased slightly. Consistent with the AQS observations, CMAQ simulated a similar decreasing trend of peak ozone concentrations in the afternoon, up to 0.4 ppbv/yr, and increasing ozone trends in the early morning and late afternoon. While a monotonic decreasing trend (up to 0.5 ppbv/yr) in the odd oxygen (Ox = O3 + NO2) concentrations are simulated by CMAQ at all daytime hours. This result suggests that the increased ozone in the early morning and late afternoon was likely caused by reduced NO-O3 titration driven by continuous anthropogenic NOx emission reductions in the past decades. Furthermore, the CMAQ simulations revealed a shift in chemical regimes of ozone photochemical production. From 1990 to 2015, surface ozone production in some metropolitan areas, such as Baltimore, has transited from VOC-sensitive environment (> 50 % probability) to NOx-sensitive regime. Our results demonstrated that the long-term CWRF-CMAQ simulations can provide detailed information of the ozone chemistry evolution under a changing climate, and may partially explain the U.S. ozone pollution responses to regional and national regulations.
Evaluation of aerosol and cloud properties in three climate models using MODIS observations and its corresponding COSP simulator, and their application in aerosol-cloud interaction
Authors: Saponaro Giulia , Sporre Moa K. , Neubauer David , Kokkola Harri , Kolmonen Pekka , Sogacheva Larisa , Arola Antti , de Leeuw Gerrit , Karset Inger H. H. , Laaksonen Ari , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The evaluation of modeling diagnostics with appropriate observations is an important task that establishes the capabilities and reliability of models. In this study we compare aerosol and cloud properties obtained from three different climate models ECHAM-HAM, ECHAM-HAM-SALSA, and NorESM with satellite observations using MOderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) data. The simulator MODIS-COSP version 1.4 was implemented into the climate models to obtain MODIS-like cloud diagnostics, thus enabling model to model and model to satellite comparisons. Cloud droplet number concentrations (CDNC) are derived identically from MODIS-COSP simulated and MODIS-retrieved values of cloud optical depth and effective radius. For CDNC, the models capture the observed spatial distribution of higher values typically found near the coasts, downwind of the major continents, and lower values over the remote ocean and land areas. However, the COSP-simulated CDNC values are higher than those observed, whilst the direct model CDNC output is significantly lower than the MODIS-COSP diagnostics. NorESM produces large spatial biases for ice cloud properties and thick clouds over land. Despite having identical cloud modules, ECHAM-HAM and ECHAM-HAM-SALSA diverge in their representation of spatial and vertical distribution of clouds. From the spatial distributions of aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol index (AI), we find that NorESM shows large biases for AOD over bright land surfaces, while discrepancies between ECHAM-HAM and ECHAM-HAM-SALSA can be observed mainly over oceans. Overall, the AIs from the different models are in good agreement globally, with higher negative biases on the Northern Hemisphere. We computed the aerosol-cloud interactions as the sensitivity of dln(CDNC)/dln(AI) on a global scale. However, one year of data may be considered not enough to assess the similarity or dissimilarities of the models due to large temporal variability in cloud properties. This study shows how simulators facilitate the evaluation of cloud properties and expose model deficiencies which are necessary steps to further improve the parametrization in climate models.
An insect wing discovered in the Early Permian Taiyuan Formation (Shanxi Province, China)
Authors: Wang Jin , Béthoux Olivier , Ren Dong , Cui Yingying
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The first discovery of an insect wing from the Taiyuan Formation, near Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China, is described. The combination of its wing venation characters makes it difficult to assign it to any known major Paleozoic group. The comparison is made among the new material, stem-Orthoptera species, and “fossil Grylloblattodea”. Further investigation on fossil insects from this locality is needed.
Investigation of spatiotemporal variability of melt pond fraction and its relationship with sea ice extent during 2000–2017 using a new data
Authors: Ding Yifan , Cheng Xiao , Liu Jiping , Hui Fengming , Wang Zhenzhan
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The accurate knowledge of variations of melt ponds is important for understanding Arctic energy budget due to its albedo-transmittance-melt feedback. In this study, we develop and validate a new method for retrieving melt pond fraction (MPF) from the MODIS surface reflectance. We construct an ensemble-based deep neural network and use in-situ observations of MPF from multi-sources to train the network. The results show that our derived MPF is in good agreement with the observations, and relatively outperforms the MPF retrieved by University of Hamburg. Built on this, we create a new MPF data from 2000 to 2017 (the longest data in our knowledge), and analyze the spatial and temporal variability of MPF. It is found that the MPF has significant increasing trends from late July to early September, which is largely contributed by the MPF over the first-year sea ice. The analysis based on our MPF during 2000–2017 confirms that the integrated MPF to late June does promise to improve the prediction skill of seasonal Arctic sea ice minimum. However, our MPF data shows concentrated significant correlations first appear in a band, extending from the eastern Beaufort Sea, through the central Arctic, to the northern East Siberian and Laptev Seas in early-mid June, and then shifts towards large areas of the Beaufort Sea, Canadian Arctic, the northern Greenland Sea and the central Arctic basin.
Developing and Analyzing a Spanish Corpus for Forensic Purposes
Authors: Almela Ángela , Alcaraz-Mármol Gema , García-Pinar Arancha , Pallejá Clara
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the methods for developing a database of Spanish writing that can be used for forensic linguistic research are presented, including our data collection procedures. Specifically, the main instrument used for data collection has been translated into Spanish and adapted from Chaski (2001). It consists of ten tasks, by means of which the subjects are asked to write formal and informal texts about different topics. To date, 93 undergraduates from Spanish universities have already participated in the study and prisoners convicted of gender-based abuse have participated. A twofold analysis has been performed, since the data collected have been approached from a semantic and a morphosyntactic perspective. Regarding the semantic analysis, psycholinguistic categories have been used, many of them taken from the LIWC dictionary (Pennebaker et al., 2001). In order to obtain a more comprehensive depiction of the linguistic data, some other ad-hoc categories have been created, based on the corpus itself, using a double-check method for their validation so as to ensure inter-rater reliability. Furthermore, as regards morphosyntactic analysis, the natural language processing tool ALIAS TATTLER is being developed for Spanish.  Results shows that is it possible to differentiate non-abusers from abusers with strong accuracy based on linguistic features.
Los mapas artísticos como narrativas configuradoras de identidad
Authors: Gutiérrez-González M. José
Published: September 2019

En la actualidad nos encontramos con un extenso abanico de aportaciones cartográficas experimentales en el ámbito artístico. En esta investigación nos centramos en aquellos enfoques discursivos que quedan formalizados en la fisonomía de un mapa, a veces con alusiones geográficas concretas y con la intención de configurar un territorio determinado. Estas modalidades cartográficas suelen realizar tareas de registro de datos y en ocasiones, tareas de trabajo de campo. Hay una vertiente en la cual, el registro se realiza por medio del acto de caminar. El individuo se convierte en dispositivo necesario para recorrer, conocer y comprender un territorio, a partir de su experiencia. Por otro lado, en los últimos tiempos se han consolidado las cartografías participativas, donde el registro de información tiene un tratamiento colectivo. En cualquier modalidad, el registro de informaciones conlleva la obtención de un conjunto de fragmentos narrativos, materializados en diversos trayectos, conexiones, encuentros, los cuales en conjunto conforman un discurso en formato mapa. Este tipo de narrativas intentan visualizar otra vinculación con el espacio frente al modelo oficial, y al mismo tiempo contribuir con estas manifestaciones a la construcción de la identidad.
"Mad Men" and television aesthetics: Final shots as a tool for textual configuration
Authors: Huerta Miguel A. , Pérez Ernesto
Published: September 2019

Academic studies of Mad Men confirm that television aesthetics awaken a secondary interest among scholars. The present work joins the body of critical literature that defends the importance of style to television programming. In spite of the thrust and value of the new results achieved by television aesthetics, it is enough to look into the existing bibliography about works like Mad Men to arrive at the conclusion that their scope continues to be comparatively residual. In concrete terms, a formal analysis (scale, placing, length, angle, movement, composition, etc.) of the ‘shot unit’ related to this series is proposed. This will examine the 92 units that comprise the final shot of each episode of Mad Men, to yield the quantitative and qualitative elements that help forge the ‘aesthetic of emptiness’ that characterizes the TV show created by Matthew Weiner. The final images of each installment make up a kind of unhurried ritual in which the television form portrays a man on his own, trapped in an oppressive setting and unable to progress dramatically.
Genealogía de las prácticas comunicativas de los "otaku": evolución de la tecnología audiovisual y de la cultura fan en el consumo del "anime"
Authors: Loriguillo-López Antonio
Published: September 2019

La animación comercial japonesa es citada frecuentemente por los teóricos de la convergencia de la cultura popular como ejemplo de la integración sistemática de estructuras del audiovisual transmedia en su núcleo productivo. Sin embargo, la atención a este rasgo excluye otra faceta relevante: la de la recepción por parte de sus hiperactivos fans. Mediante un recorrido a través de la emergente historiografía sobre las maneras de consumir y transformar textos relativos al anime desde los años setenta hasta hoy presentamos a la subcultura otaku japonesa como paradigmática de un tipo consumidor que trasciende el rol de los prosumers contemporáneos para pasar a situarse en la vanguardia de su industria. Para ello se ofrece una cronología de los hitos tecnológicos en el consumo de la animación comercial japonesa articulada en torno al devenir creativo de los componentes del emblemático estudio de animación Gainax, pieza clave en la construcción de la identidad otaku dentro y fuera de Japón.
El archivo de vídeo ARES. Supuestos metodológicos de un proyecto de investigación en el ámbito universitario: archivar, cartografiar y afectar
Authors: Martínez-Collado Ana
Published: September 2019

Proponemos un análisis del proyecto de investigació Archivo y estudio crítico de las prácticas artísticas audiovisuales (vídeo expandido) en el arte español. Identidad y nuevos medios, el cual pretende sumarse a los nuevos paradigmas de conocimiento, iniciativas epistemológicas y metodológicas que desde modelos deconstructivos buscan la constitución de otros espacios de vida y afecto. El proyecto consiste en la creación de un análisis crítico de los sistemas de representación en la producción audiovisual en España desde finales de la década de 1970 hasta nuestros días. Dicha producción es entendida como narración y memoria de nuestra experiencia en torno a las transformaciones de la identidad al constituir un testimonio que incita a la reflexión de los acontecimientos sociales vividos, marcando nuestro devenir. Los supuestos metodológicos que guían nuestra investigación –el archivo, la cartografía, el palimpsesto– dan lugar a itinerarios abiertos –entre las imágenes en movimiento, el proceso de archivar, la web, el relato escrito y su exposición pública– amplificando la interpretación discursiva.
Art and Identity: Secondary Students Discovering a “Sense of Self” Through Creating Artworks and Webpages
Authors: Munday Jennifer , Rowley Jennifer
Published: September 2019

This article reports on a Koorie art club for junior secondary students at a middle years college in regional Australia. The art club started in 2011 as a lunchtime refuge for Koorie students and was formalized into a time-tabled class in 2013 when it expanded to include non-Indigenous and primary students. Reflections on the evolution from art club to an art class demonstrate a learning process that exposed an opportunity for adolescents to use creative arts as a vehicle for the discovery of self and heritage. The learning model that evolved appeared to the researchers to provide a fertile environment for ePortfolios to be introduced. A pilot project was undertaken to analyze the model and consider the addition of ePortfolios for the students. Qualitative data in the form of interviews, observations, and student artwork and stories were collected and analyzed. The outcomes of the program uncover several issues of indigeneity in the current millennium, including the need to create opportunities for the discovery of heritage and the support for adolescents who possibly know they don't know all there is to know about themselves. The evolution of the art club is an exemplar of authentic learning where facilitators listen to the students and scaffold learning through community knowledge and support. The learning model is ongoing and has longevity, with the Koorie art club now acknowledged in the school's curriculum as a Koorie art class and current students using their accomplishments to consider their personal futures.
An Aboriginal Language Pedagogy Framework for Western New South Wales
Authors: Yunkaporta Tyson
Published: September 2019

This report summarizes the progress to date of an Indigenous community research project that is producing an Aboriginal pedagogy framework specifically for teaching First Peoples' languages in Western New South Wales, Australia. Language analysis, yarning, and observation of cultural activity are used to identify customary methods of Indigenous knowledge transmission.
Before and After 1914: Suffrage and Feminism in The Writings of Cicely Hamilton
Authors: Sanders Lise Shapiro
Published: September 2019

Cicely Hamilton (1872–1952) is best known for her pre-World War I suffrage activism and her contributions to the Edwardian stage. The scholarly focus on Hamilton as an actress, playwright, novelist, and author of suffrage propaganda has obscured the significance of periodical publication in shaping her self-conception as a writer and a feminist. Hamilton honed her voice in the suffrage periodical press and the mainstream dailies, as well as the feminist journal Time and Tide, for which she served as a codirector in the 1920s. Hamilton's journalism offers a rich resource for scholars of the feminist public sphere in the early twentieth century.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL DA POPULAÇÃO SOBRE A ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA DO BAIRRO CENTRO NO MUNICÍPIO DE AREALVA, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Almeida Carolina Garcia de , Gêa Bianca Cristina Costa , Siqueira Marcos Vinícius Bohrer Monteiro
Published: September 2019

As árvores no meio urbano geram melhor qualidade de vida, valorizando a beleza estética das ruas, conforto térmico e preservação da biodiversidade. Entender como a população visualiza seu ambiente pode auxiliar o município na gestão da arborização. O trabalho objetivou analisar a percepção ambiental dos moradores em relação à arborização urbana do município de Arealva-SP. A coleta de dados foi baseada em um grupo amostral, composto por 115 moradores escolhidos aleatoriamente, na área central da cidade, através de um formulário. Entre os dados obtidos destaca-se que 49,57% dos participantes classificaram sua rua como pouco arborizada, 50,43% elegeram a sombra como maior vantagem, 37,4% elegeram problemas com a rede elétrica como maior desvantagem, 60,8% responsabilizaram a arborização urbana à prefeitura e à população. Os dados mostraram o conhecimento limitado dos moradores sobre o tema, uma vez que apontaram como principais vantagens sombra (50,43%) e redução de calor (23,48%). Uma pequena parcela de 12,17% dos indivíduos amostrados conseguiram relatar as diferentes vantagens que as árvores proporcionam, como beleza estética e preservação da biodiversidade. A semelhança de dados obtidos em outras cidades da região, a ação do poder público local poderia mudar a qualidade da arborização e consecutivamente a percepção ambiental dos moradores.
ANÁLISE QUALI-QUANTITATIVA DA ARBORIZAÇÃO DA AVENIDA GETÚLIO VARGAS EM FORMOSA DO RIO PRETO, BAHIA
Authors: Alves Emilly Rebeca de Almeida , Gavião Raiane Nogueira Machado , Oliveira Gabriela Lopes de , Nogueira Yuri Silva , Abreu Lizandro Pereira de
Published: September 2019

A inserção de árvores no ambiente urbano é realizada objetivando atender a uma série de funções, podendo-se destacar a quebra da monotonia das cidades, necessitando harmonizar as relações naturais com os espaços pavimentados. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a quantidade e qualidade das espécies arbóreas que compõem a avenida Getúlio Vargas no município de Formosa do Rio Preto-BA. Utilizou-se uma planilha de campo, com a qual fez-se o inventário de todos as árvores da área de estudo. Foram catalogadas 66 árvores e 3 arbustos, representando um total de cinco espécies arbóreas, sendo somente 2 delas nativas. Quanto aos conflitos, na iluminação pública foi perceptível que a maioria das árvores (62,2%) interferem na iluminação, deixando sombras a noite, problema ocasionado principalmente pela implantação inadequada da árvore no local. Em relação às condições fitossanitárias, a maioria das árvores apresentavam boa vitalidade, sem aspectos de doenças, mas, cerca de 44 indivíduos apresentaram infestação por formiga (Camponotus spp) e maria-fedida (Nezara spp). Quanto às injúrias mecânicas, foram identificados cortes severos, podas malfeitas e injúrias leves.  Pode-se concluir que existe a necessidade de um planejamento arbóreo e políticas públicas, de modo a melhorar o patrimônio arbóreo do município.
A CRIAÇÃO DA DIOCESE DE CURITIBA E O PROCESSO DE DIOCESANIZAÇÃO PÓS-PADROADO
Authors: Lupion Marcia Regina de Oliveira
Published: September 2019

Este artigo objetiva apresentar a criação da diocese de Curitiba no ano de 1892 como um desdobramento do processo de diocesanização, ou seja, da criação extensiva de dioceses pela Igreja Católica pelo Brasil ocorrido no pós-Proclamação da República. O fenômeno da diocesanização é visto ainda como uma reação da Igreja Católica em se reorganizar sobre a autogestão a que foi submetida a partir sobretudo do Decreto 119-A de 1890, documento responsável pela extinção do Padroado que enfatiza o caráter laico do governo republicano. Vários obras e autores contribuíram para a elaboração da discussão aqui pretendida como o livro produzido pelo hoje Bispo Emérito de Curitiba Dom Pedro Antônio Marchetti Fedalto,  “História da Igreja no Paraná” de 2014; a obra da geógrafa Zeny Rosendahl “Primeiro a obrigação, depois a devoção” publicado em 2012 e a tese de Maurício de Aquino (2012) sobre a criação da diocese de Botucatu em 1908, trabalho em que o conceito de diocesanização foi cunhado. Em todos os sentidos a discussão presente nesse artigo visa contribuir para os estudos acerca da História da Igreja Católica no Paraná e das Religiões e religiosidades como um todo.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Neves Júnior José W. A.
Published: September 2019

Relegens Conselho Editorial
Isolation and evaluation of endophytic bacteria from root nodules of Glycine max L. (Merr.) and their potential use as biofertilizers
Authors: Vargas-Díaz Arely A. , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Silva-Rojas Hilda V. , Alarcón Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Aim of study: To isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria inhabiting soybean root nodules collected from two tropical cropping systems in Mexico, and to evaluate the bacterial effects in soybean plants under controlled conditions.Area of study: The study was carried out at two locations (San Antonio Cayal and Nuevo Progreso municipalities) of Campeche State, Mexico.Material and methods: Two experimental stages were performed: 1) isolation, morphological and biochemical characterization, and molecular identification of endophytic bacteria from root-nodules of four soybean varieties grown at field conditions; and 2) evaluation of the effects of endophytic isolates on soybean growth and nodule development, and the effects of bacterial co-inoculation on soybean plants, under controlled conditions.Main results: Twenty-three endophytic bacteria were isolated from root nodules, and identified as Agrobacterium, Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, Ensifer, Massilia, Chryseobacterium, Enterobacter, Microbacterium, Serratia, and Xanthomonas. Under controlled conditions, Rhizobium sp. CPO4.13C or Agrobacterium tumefaciens CPO4.15C significantly increased the plant height (46% and 41%, respectively), whereas Bradyrhizobium sp. CPO4.24C promoted the nodule formation (36 nodules/plant). The co-inoculation of B. japonicum USDA110 and Bradyrhizobium sp. CPO4.24C enhanced plant growth, height (33.87 cm), root nodulation (69 nodules/plant) and N-fixation (3.10 µmol C2H4 h-1 plant-1) in comparison to the negative control.Research highlights:  Results suggest that the native Bradyrhizobium sp. CPO4.24C may be used as a biofertilizer directed to developing sustainable soybean cropping at tropical regions.
The Utility of Obtaining Postmobilization Imaging in Nonsurgical Pelvic Ring Injuries
Authors: Winston Benjamin A. , Sarker Minhazur , Putnam David , Gehling Paxton , Eagleton Connor , Friess Darin
Published: September 2019

Introduction:

Pelvic fractures are diverse injuries with varying degrees of severity. Treatment recommendations are determined by the associated instability. For likely stable patterns, postmobilization imaging is used to assess for occult instability. This study assesses the utility of postmobilization images and determines how often they alter the recommendations for treatment.

Methods:

Records at a single level 1 trauma center from January 2007 through December 2014 were reviewed, and patients with Current Procedural Terminology codes and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes for pelvic and acetabular fractures were identified. For those chosen for nonsurgical treatment at presentation, a detailed chart review was performed to identify patients who had postmobilization radiographs and to determine whether this imaging led to a change in treatment recommendations.

Results:

Inclusion criteria were met by 762 patients whose average age was 50 years. Of 331 patients planned for nonsurgical treatment at presentation, 168 (51%) had postmobilization images. The postmobilization radiographs did not alter treatment recommendations in any of these patients; however, three of these patients underwent surgical stabilization based on the patients' report of pain with attempted mobilization.

Discussion:

Routine postmobilization imaging has limited value for patients with pelvic injuries and a low likelihood for instability, such as those with incomplete sacral fractures. Eliminating this step would reduce cost and decrease radiation exposure. The need for change in treatment plan or further imaging should be based on the patient's clinical progress with weight bearing.

Level of Evidence:

Level 4
Burden of Sciatica on US Medicare Recipients
Authors: Maslak Joseph P. , Jenkins Tyler J. , Weiner Joseph A. , Kannan Abhishek S. , Patoli Daneel M. , McCarthy Michael H. , Hsu Wellington K. , Patel Alpesh A.
Published: September 2019

Objective:

This study evaluates the disease burden of sciatica on the US Medicare cohort.

Background Data:

Sciatica is a common disability that has important physical, mental, and economic effects. The Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (HOS) is a demographic and outcomes survey used to monitor the performance of Medicare Advantage health plans in the United States. The HOS includes data on demographics, chronic medical conditions, and patient-reported outcomes.

Methods:

Medicare HOS data for cohorts from 2007 to 2013 were obtained. Patients were placed into two categories based on the survey results: with or without a history of sciatica. Baseline demographics, chronic medical conditions, and physical health symptoms were aggregated. In addition, average VR-12 physical component summary and mental component summary scores were calculated for each group at baseline and at 2-year follow-up. A Fisher exact test was used to assess significance for categorical variables, and a t-test was used for continuous variables. VR-12 changes as small as 1 to 2 units have been found to be clinically and socially relevant.

Results:

The baseline cohort data of 1,000,952 patients yielded 250,869 patients (25%) who reported the diagnosis of sciatica, compared with 750,083 patients (75%) without sciatica. Patients with a history of sciatica tended to be younger, less educated, and notably with more medical comorbidities. Physical component summary outcomes were approximately 8 units lower in the sciatica group at baseline and 7 units lower at 2-year follow-up. Mental component summary outcomes were 6 units lower in the sciatica group at baseline and 5 units lower at 2-year follow-up.

Conclusion:

A large percentage of the US Medicare cohort suffers from symptomatic sciatica. Our study identified a 25% prevalence in the Medicare cohort. In addition, sciatica is associated with an increased incidence of comorbid medical conditions and poor health-related quality of life.

Level of Evidence:

Level III

Study Design:

Observational-Cohort Study
Things within Things? Toward an Ontology of the Firm
Authors: Harris Joshua Lee ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2019

The burgeoning analytic literature on “social ontology”—that is, the properly ontological status of “social” phenomena, such asinstitutions, firms and nation-states—has yielded some promising avenues of research for economists interested in the economic agency of groups as opposed to individual persons. Following M. D. Ryall, in this paper I offer a preliminary sketch of an ontology of social entities inspired by the work of Bernard Lonergan and the Aristotelian metaphysical tradition.
Revision of the poorly known Neotropical butterfly genus Zischkaia Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), with descriptions of nine new species
Authors: Nakahara Shinichi , Zacca Thamara , Dias Fernando M.S. , Dolibaina Diego R. , Xiao Lei , Espeland Marianne , Casagrande Mirna M. , Mielke Olaf H.H. , Lamas Gerardo , Huertas Blanca , Kleckner Kaylin , Willmott Keith R.
Published: September 2019

We provide the first comprehensive taxonomic revision of the poorly known South American butterfly genus Zischkaia Forster, 1964, hitherto regarded as including three described species. A phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequence data shows that Zischkaia is monophyletic and consists of two morphologically diagnosable clades. Morphological characters and DNA ‘barcodes’ support the recognition of twelve species in the genus, a significant increase even for the relatively poorly studied subtribe Euptychiina. Consequently, nine new species are described and named herein, including Z. arctoa Nakahara, sp. nov., Z. chullachaki Nakahara & Zacca, sp. nov., Z. baku Zacca, Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov., Z. arenisca Nakahara, Willmott & Hall, sp. nov., Z. argyrosflecha Nakahara, L. Miller & Huertas, sp. nov., Z. abanico Nakahara & Petit, sp. nov., Z. josti Nakahara & Kleckner, sp. nov., Z. mielkeorum Dolibaina, Dias & Zacca, sp. nov. and Z. warreni Dias, Zacca & Dolibaina, sp. nov. In addition, a neotype is designated for Satyrus pacarus Godart, [1824], and lectotypes are designated for Euptychia amalda Weymer, 1911, Euptychia fumata Butler, 1867 and Euptychia saundersii Butler, 1867.
Estudo de caso: estrutura de pavimento com aplicação de revestimento flexível na Quadra 407 Sul do município de Palmas (TO)
Authors: Carvalho Erick Phellipe Rodrigues , Júnior Flávio Vieira da Silva
Published: September 2019

Os pavimentos são caracterizados como estruturas constituídas por diversas camadas de materiais, sobrepostas e distintas, sobre o subleito destinado a resistir e distribuir para o subleito esforços horizontais e verticais, melhorando as condições de tráfego quanto à comodidade e à segurança para o usuário. No entanto, para a escolha do melhor método de execução do pavimento, devem-se conhecer as vantagens e desvantagens de cada processo executivo. Para que isso se torne possível, há a necessidade de projetos compatíveis com o clima e tráfego da região, com a finalidade de analisar as vantagens técnicas, ecológicas, econômicas e sociais, e assim optar pelo projeto mais adequado. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é realizar uma análise de um trecho da pavimentação da Quadra 407 Sul do Município de Palmas (TO) através do método mecanístico. Nesse trabalho, foi utilizada a nova ferramenta disponibilizada pelo DNIT para dimensionamento de pavimentos: MeDiNa® - Método de Dimensionamento Nacional.
Análise geotécnico-estrutural de resultados de prova de carga estática em estacas
Authors: Carvalho Cleide Alves de , Santos Douglas Augusto Freitas dos
Published: September 2019

Sistemas de Fundações, compostos por estaqueamentos, caracterizam-se por serem elementos que podem suportar cargas elevadas, em virtude de atingirem camadas mais profundas do solo, uma vez que a resistência de uma estaca isolada é composta pelas capacidades de carga lateral e de ponta. Em especial, as estacas cravadas de concreto armado e estacas do tipo hélice contínua monitorada, apresentam maior aplicabilidade devido às altas capacidades de cargas (estrutural e geotécnica) e facilidade de execução. No que se refere à concepção de um bom projeto de fundação, é necessário que preliminarmente sejam feitos ensaios de campo e laboratório para reconhecimento do solo, especialmente o ensaio SPT, pois a partir dos resultados deste ensaio, torna-se possível realizar os cálculos de capacidade de carga e previsão de recalques para estacas isoladas. A eficácia dos métodos de estimativa de capacidade de carga pode ser aferida ao fazer uso de ensaios de provas de carga estática, verificando, então, qual método se aproxima da capacidade de carga real. Tudo isso pode ser realizado à luz das normas vigentes, sempre levando em consideração a segurança e economia. Os resultados das provas de carga dependem da capacidade de carga do equipamento usado e da análise de profissional de engenharia na interpretação dos resultados. Sobre estes conceitos, o presente trabalho consiste na análise de provas de carga já realizadas em diversas regiões do Brasil extrapoladas pelo método de Van Der Veen, analisando esses resultados de forma qualitativa e explicativa no que diz respeito à forma de ruptura das estacas. Para este trabalho, foram usadas provas de carga em estacas do tipo pré-moldada de concreto armado e hélice continua. A estimativa da capacidade de carga foi realizada com os métodos semiempíricos de Aoki-Velloso e Decourt-Quaresma, visando medir a acurácia destes. O conservadorismo praticado pelos métodos de capacidade de carga semiempíricos acaba induzindo o projetista na concepção de projetos de fundações mais robustos que o necessário, acarretando em desperdício de material e mão de obra, onerando excessivamente esta etapa da obra.
CeRNA network analysis and functional enrichment of salt sensitivity of blood pressure by weighted-gene co-expression analysis
Authors: Cao Han , Qi Han , Liu Zheng , Peng Wen-Juan , Guo Chun-Yue , Sun Yan-Yan , Pao Christine , Xiang Yu-Tao , Zhang Ling
Published: September 2019

Background

Salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The pathogenic mechanisms of SSBP are still uncertain. This study aimed to construct the co-regulatory network of SSBP and data mining strategy based on the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory.

Methods

LncRNA and mRNA microarray was performed to screen for candidate RNAs. Four criteria were used to select the potential differently expressed RNAs. The weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) package of R software and target miRNA and mRNA prediction online databases were used to construct the ceRNA co-regulatory network and discover the pathways related to SSBP. Gene ontology enrichment, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and KEGG pathway analysis were performed to explore the functions of hub genes in networks.

Results

There were 274 lncRNAs and 36 mRNAs that differently expressed between salt-sensitive and salt-resistant groups (P < 0.05). Using WGCNA analysis, two modules were identified (blue and turquoise). The blue module had a positive relationship with salt-sensitivity (R = 0.7, P < 0.01), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (R = 0.53, P = 0.02), and total cholesterol (TC) (R = 0.55, P = 0.01). The turquoise module was positively related with triglyceride (TG) (R = 0.8, P < 0.01) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (R = 0.54, P = 0.01). Furthermore, 84 ceRNA loops were identified and one loop may be of great importance for involving in pathogenesis of SSBP. KEGG analysis showed that differently expressed mRNAs were mostly enriched in the SSBP-related pathways. However, the enrichment results of GSEA were mainly focused on basic physical metabolic processes.

Conclusion

The microarray data mining process based on WGCNA co-expression analysis had identified 84 ceRNA loops that closely related with known SSBP pathogenesis. The results of our study provide implications for further understanding of the pathogenesis of SSBP and facilitate the precise diagnosis and therapeutics.
Screening and identification of SipC-interacting proteins inSalmonellaenteritidis using Gal4 yeast two-hybrid system in duck
Authors: Zhang Yu , Gu Tiantian , Chen Yang , Zhu Guoqiang , Vongsangnak Wanwipa , Xu Qi , Chen Guohong
Published: September 2019

The zoonotic pathogenSalmonellanot only reduces the production performance in ducks, but also poses a serious threat to human health through eggs and pollutes water bodies through feces. SipC, an effector protein of type III secretion systems (T3SS) inSalmonella, mediates translocation of effectors into the eukaryotic host. However, the precise role of SipC effectors remains unknown in ducks. In this study, the SipC from duck granulosa cells (dGCs) was selected as bait, and the SipC-interacting proteins inSalmonellaenteritidis (SE) were screened using Gal4 yeast two-hybrid system in duck. Twelve SipC-interacting proteins were identified. Among those, the p53-effector related to PMP-22 (PERP) and TGF-β activated kinase 1-binding protein 2 (TAB2) were selected to further confirm the function by GST pull-downin vitro. Over-expression of PERP resulted in not only increasing SE adhesion and invasion but also triggering the production of IL-1β and IFN-α in SE infected dGCs, while knock-down PERP showed the opposite tendency (P < 0.01). In addition, TAB2 significantly induced the production of IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-α, and INF-γ in SE infected dGCs (P < 0.05), but did not cause obvious changes in SE adhesion and invasion. When thesipCin SE was deleted, the activities of duck PERP and TAB2 were abolished because they could not bind to SipC. Taken together, although the protein of PERP and TAB2 can interact with SipC, their mechanisms were different in duck challenged by SE. Therefore, PERP was involved in SE invasion and inflammatory response of dGC ovaries, and TAB2 only contributed to dGCs inflammatory response, which provided critical insights about the mechanism in host- bacterium protein interactions duringSalmonellainvasion in duck.
Red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) prefers postharvest reed beds during winter period in Yancheng National Nature Reserve
Authors: Xu Peng , Zhang Yalan , Zhang Xiaoran , Chen Hao , Lu Changhu
Published: September 2019

Reed beds represent an important habitat for the survival of birds by providing favorable foraging and reproduction conditions. Reed management, as a traditional agricultural activity, primarily includes water level control and vegetation removal by cutting. Red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is one of the most endangered cranes, and their population continues to decline due to habitat loss caused by artificial activities. A lack of research relating to how reed management affects crane habitat distribution patterns throughout the wintering period hinders our ability to offer conservation recommendations. In the present study, we explored the effect of reed management on the habitat distribution patterns and analyzed the food resources of red-crowned crane in the Yancheng National Nature Reserve (YNNR). According to the reed management activities in December, we divided the wintering period into two phases: the preharvest period and the postharvest period. Throughout the wintering period, the number of cranes recorded in the common seepweed (Suaeda glauca) tidal flats remained stable, but cranes were rarely recorded in the smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) tidal flats and aquaculture fish ponds. The number of cranes, however, showed a noticeable fluctuation in the reed beds during the two periods. Before the reed harvest, only a small proportion of cranes were recorded in the reed beds (relative abundance = 2.9%). However, more cranes (relative abundance = 61.0%) were recorded after the reed harvest. Water was introduced from adjacent rivers and fish ponds to submerge the cut reed beds. Changes in potential animal food resources (items and biomass) might be one of the vital reasons for the preference of cranes to the postharvest reed beds. Our results suggest that traditional reed management in the YNNR could benefit this flagship crane species that winters in the wetland system. However, as reed harvest has been forbidden in the core zone for conservation purposes since 2016, further research is needed to verify whether forbidding the harvest of reeds is reasonable.
Influence of Female boardroom presence on firm value: An analysis on companies listed on B3.
Authors: Oliveira Isaac Gezer Silva de , Cardoso Sâmela Pedrada , Dias Ricardo Santos , Júnior Pedro Borges
Published: September 2019

In recent decades women have had substantial advances in access to higher education and the labor market, but these achievements were not reflected in the high ranking of companies. The participation of women in executive positions in the advisory board of large corporations in Brazil and in the world is still incipient. In this sense factors such as patriarchy, male chauvinism, sexism, among other advances not allow the presence of women at the top of large companies, even when this presence is associated with better performance. Thus, work on the assumption that thinking gender diversity of public policies involves ethical issues and inclusion strategies going performance improvement field and value creation, while the completion of ideas and attitudes from the specificities of each gender can contribute to economic and social development of the company. Thus the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporate value and the presence of women in high-ranking. Therefore, we collected data of companies listed on the B3 and identified those with the presence of women on the board and the executive board, checking the differences between them from non-parametric tests. It is still employed multivariate data analysis from the linear regression and probit regression. The results suggest a positive and statistically significant relationship between firm value and the presence of women on the board. The results show evidence that the inclusion of women on the board in addition to ensuring diversity, meet precepts of ethics, equality, social responsibility, contributing to the better performance of firms and generating shareholder value.
Structural model of employee behavior measurement
Authors: Krüger Cristiane , Minello Italo Fernando
Published: September 2019

The traditional methods of evaluating entrepreneurial behavior carry a degree of uncertainty and subjectivity with several uncontrollable independent variables. Faced with this fragility, the modeling of structural equations can be a tool that contributes to the understanding of this behavior. In order to contribute in this direction, this study aimed to develop a structural model for measuring entrepreneurial behavior based on behavioral characteristics and entrepreneurial intent. The research is applied, quantitative, descriptive and exploratory. In order to satisfy the problem raised, data collection instruments already validated were used. The sample consisted of 2,519 respondents. The internal consistency of the scales proved to be reliable for the measurement and evaluation of the constructs. In the descriptive analysis it was identified that the achievement dimension obtained higher score, moreover, more than 90% of the participants present entrepreneurial behavioral characteristics and intend to undertake. Then, behavioral characteristics and entrepreneurial intention were related by developing a structural model for entrepreneurial behavior. It was concluded that the model is apt to measure entrepreneurial behavior. The research was limited to the construction of a model of measurement of entrepreneurial behavior from the instruments answered by undergraduate students from a public higher education institution. Future studies can expand the constructs addressed in the structural model, as well as be replicated in other institutions of higher or basic education in order to compare, deepen and new findings, in addition to considering a longitudinal follow-up. The originality of the study lies in the development of a structural model for measuring entrepreneurial behavior.