bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Follower Status: Forms and Strategies of Mass Movements toward Controversial Social Concepts of Protest Activism
Authors: Katasila Suriyasai , Santiboon Toansakul T.
Published: August 2024

To investigate and analyze the status of the followers who attended the People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) in 2005–2009; the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship (UDD) in 2006–2010; and the People's Democratic Reform Committee (PDRC) in 2013-2014 under their thinking that the right to freedom of peaceful assembly is a basic human right. As characterized by the model of Hersey and Blanchard, was guided by the leaders’ status. The concept of followership characteristics and styles were followed and compared. Adapting the 24-item Follower Creative Thinking on Participating Protest Rally (FCTPPR) in four scales through 600 followers were assessed. The FCTPPR is valid and reliable. It was found that Thai-style followers are thought leaders with independence, and have the capital potential within society. Simply put, the masses were ready for themselves and didn't intend to advance or lead in supporting the rallying groups of followers. The followers' minds have been reflected in their thoughts on the leadership in the participating group and being followers of their leadership. Significant differences in the followers' perceptions of their four creative thinking abilities in attending the parts of the PAD, UDD, and PDRC mass movement rally protest groups were also found.
Do Marketing Strategy and Product Innovation Contribute to the Marketing Performance of Culinary Enterprises?
Authors: Muh. Yahya  , Nurul Mufida  , Mahmudatus Sholihah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of marketing strategy and product innovation on marketing performance at Rumah Roti store in Makassar. The population consists of buyers on Jalan Toddopuli 10, with a sample of 31 buyers. Data collection methods include literature review, documentation, and questionnaires. The analysis methods used are validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R2). The t-test results show that both marketing strategy and product innovation have a significant impact on marketing performance. The F-test results indicate that these variables simultaneously influence marketing performance. The coefficient of determination reveals that 94.8% of the variance in marketing performance is explained by marketing strategy and product innovation, with the remaining 5.2% attributed to other factors not included in this study, such as product quality and entrepreneurial orientation. The study concludes that market orientation and service quality are critical factors influencing marketing performance at Rumah Roti store. The recommendation is that the store owner should focus more on innovation, market orientation, and service quality to enhance customer attraction to the store.
The Effect of Job Creation Law Regulation on Mining Business: Economic Impact Analysis on the Mining Industry
Authors: Muhammad Satrio Mubaraq  , Pawata Wahyudin , Muhammad Irham Guntur
Published: August 2024

This study provides important insights into the impact of Labor Law Regulation on the mining industry, with a focus on PT. Vale Indonesia. By applying simple linear regression analysis to the company’s financial and operational data from 2019 to 2022, the research evaluates the effects of the Labor Law Regulation both before and after its implementation. The study aims to determine how the regulation influences the financial and operational performance of PT. Vale Indonesia. The Labor Law Regulation, as the independent variable, assesses the effectiveness of government policies in supporting the mining sector. Financial performance, the dependent variable, is measured through indicators such as economic impact and perception. The analysis reveals a significant improvement in PT. Vale Indonesia’s financial outcomes post-regulation, suggesting enhanced operational efficiency and capital investment. However, the study also notes the need for further investigation into the social impact on surrounding communities. Overall, the research concludes that the Labor Law Regulation has a positive and statistically significant effect on the mining business, indicating strong government policy support, with a high predictive power.
Feed Milling Industries Resilience amid COVID-19 in Ekiti State Nigeria
Authors: Matthew Olufemi Adio , Luke Oyesola Olarinde , Oyepeju Abosede Ajetunmobi , Matthew Durojaiye Ayeni , Serah Adeola Asake
Published: August 2024

This study analyzed the resilience strategies for small-scale feed milling industries, learning from the COVID-19 pandemic in Ekiti State, Nigeria. 215 small scale feed mills industries were selected by multistage sampling procedure. Descriptive statistics, gross margin and regression analysis were used for the analysis of data collected. Results revealed that the mean age for the respondents was 40.45 year. In addition, 91.58% of the feed millers were married while 8.42% were single with a mean household size of 6. 13 years was the mean number of years spent in school. With respect to experience, the respondents had 11 years of feed milling experience. Gross margin results indicated that income after COVID-19 is more than during the COVID-19 showing an N168,330.00 significant (p<0.001) difference indicating that COVID-19 had great consequences on the income. The regression result revealed that sex (p<0.001), marital status (p<0.010), household size (p<0.001), education (p<0.001) and experience (p<0.005) were feed mill profitability determining factors in the study area. Constraints faced during COVID-19 are that lockdown due to COVID-19 hindered operational activities of feed mill (65.26%), COVID-19 causes a total increase in the price of inputs (66.32), reduction in the sales of feeds (69.29%), reduction in work force (65.26%), and loss of raw materials through spoilage (66.32%). The study recommended that feed millers should collaborate with local farmers for the supply of materials at lesser price, rather than buying highcost foreign materials.
Peran Suatu Perbandingan Dalam Keunggulan Serta Pendapatan salam Sistem Budidaya di Tambak Intensif dan Semi Intensif pada Budidaya Udang
Authors: Diyah Nurhayati  , Putri Ayu
Published: August 2024

Udang Vannamei  merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan unggulan di Indonesia. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi, pertumbuhan yang relatif cepat, serta memiliki kebiasaan untuk hidup di kolom perairan sehingga dapat ditebar dengan kepadatan yang lebih tinggi. Salah satu provinsi yang mempunyai potensi dalam pengembangan sektor perikanan tangkap maupun perikanan budidaya adalah provinsi Aceh, sektor perikanan adalah sektor andalan provinsi Aceh, lebih kurang 55% penduduk Aceh bergantung pada sektor ini baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
Kata kunci: Perbandingan, Keungulan, Tambak.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Hibrida sebagai Pakan Ternak di Desa Olora Kota Gunungsitoli
Authors: Tri Susanti Rahmadhani Nasution  , Linda Hepy Nazara  , Ajaib Margaretha Harefa  , Veniman Gulo  , Beril Fernando Zendrato  , Weldimen Waruwu  , Natalia Kritiani Lase
Published: August 2024

This study aims to analyze the growth of hybrid maize as animal feed in Olora Village, to address the growing need for animal feed amidst limited traditional feed sources. Hybrid maize was chosen for its superior nutritional content and higher yield potential compared to local varieties. A descriptive qualitative method was used, with data collected through field observations and interviews with maize farmers. The results show that hybrid maize in Olora Village shows strong growth with high yield potential. However, challenges such as pest attacks and fertilizer shortages have been identified. Integrated pest and disease management, as well as improved soil fertility, were recommended as strategies to address these issues. This study highlights the potential of hybrid maize as a viable alternative to animal feed and provides practical recommendations to improve its cultivation.
CULTURAL BACKLASH E O FENÔMENO BOLSONARISTA NO BRASIL: SEMELHANÇAS E DIFERENÇAS
Authors: Pinheiro Igor Vieira
Published: August 2024

This scientific article aims to critically reflect on the theory of Cultural Backlash – cultural ricochet –, theorized by Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart, which seeks to explain the rise of authoritarian populisms around the world, taking into account the election of Trump in the United States and the Brexit initiated by the United Kingdom in the European economic bloc. This reflection seeks to make a comparison with the Bolsonarista phenomenon in Brazil, in order to verify whether it also fits as a reaction to the post-materialist values that dominated the debate of the 21st century. As a methodology, the research was carried out through a qualitative approach of a descriptive nature, involving bibliographic research of works related to the theme, especially the work of the aforementioned authors: “Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit and Authoritarian Populism”. The result of the research was the finding, in the books and works analyzed, that, although Norris and Inglehart’s Theory lacks practical depth, it can be seen that the Bolsonarist movement resembles the modus operandi employed by authoritarian populisms, as defined and studied by the authors in their work.
O PLANEJAMENTO TRIBUTÁRIO DO PRODUTOR RURAL PESSOA FÍSICA: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A EVASÃO FISCAL
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo
Published: August 2024

The agribusiness is one of the most relevant sectors in the economy. In 2022, it represented 24.3% of the Brazilian GDP. Due to its complex production chain, the stage within the gate is essential, as it represents rural activities focused on agriculture and livestock farming. In these activities, rural producers make crucial decisions related to plant and animal production and the allocation of resources for these activities. The general objective of this study is to present tax planning for individual rural producers within the gate as a strategy to avoid the hypothesis of tax evasion. To achieve this, the specific objectives are to conceptualize tax planning applied to individual rural producers, present the strategic use of tax planning for individual rural producers within the gate, and analyze tax evasion by individual rural producers. The methodological approach is based on logical-semantic constructivism, being a qualitative study with bibliographic, legal, and documentary research as instruments. As results, tax planning, or fiscal avoidance, was conceptualized as a strategic tool that uses legal means to reduce the tax burden. As a tool for individual rural producers, it requires continuous effort for its full implementation, as it is embedded in the complex scenario of sector management and taxation. The study also presents tax evasion considering the incidence of Income Tax (IR), Rural Territorial Property Tax (ITR), Circulation of Goods and Services Tax (ICMS), Social Integration Program (PIS), Contribution to Social Security Financing (COFINS), and Rural Worker Assistance Fund (FUNRURAL) on individual rural producers and their ancillary obligations, highlighting the Digital Cash Book of the Rural Producer (LCDPR), eSocial, and EFD-Reinf.
ความชุกของการเกิดยีนลูกผสมที่พบได้บ่อยในเด็กไทยที่เป็นมะเร็งเม็ดเลือดขาวแบบเฉียบพลันชนิด B-cell
Authors: Sriprach Suwimon , Takpradit Chayamon
Published: August 2024

ความเป็นมา การระบุการเปลี่ยนแปลงทางพันธุกรรมในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งเม็ดเลือดขาวแบบเฉียบพลันชนิด B-cell (B-ALL) จำเป็นสำหรับการจำแนกความเสี่ยง การพยากรณ์โรค และปรับการรักษาให้เหมาะสมเพื่อป้องกันการกลับซ้ำของโรค  วิธีการ ได้ใช้ปฏิกิริยาลูกโซ่โพลีเมอเรสแบบย้อนกลับ (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR) เพื่อตรวจหาความชุกของการเกิดยีนลูกผสมที่พบได้บ่อย 4 ชนิดสำหรับ B-ALL คือ ETV6-RUNX1, TCF3-PBX1, BCR-ABL1 และ MLL-AF4 ในไขกระดูกของผู้ป่วย B-ALL อายุ 0 ถึง 18 ปี จำนวน 145 ราย ผลการวิจัย ผู้ป่วย 38 ราย (26.2%) พบยีนลูกผสม ความชุกของ ETV6-RUNX1, TCF3-PBX1, BCR-ABL1 และ MLL-AF4 คือ 11.7, 9.7, 4.1 และ 0.7% ตามลำดับ ไม่พบการเกิดร่วมกันของยีนลูกผสม 2 ชนิด การกระจายตัวของยีนลูกผสมไม่ต่างกันในแต่ละช่วงอายุ MLL-AF4 พบในทารกเท่านั้น ขณะที่ BCR-ABL1 ไม่พบในวัยรุ่น TCF3-PBX1 และ BCR-ABL1 มีความสัมพันธ์กับการกระจายของโรคไปยังระบบประสาทส่วนกลางอย่างมีนัยสำคัญ (P = 0.028) รายที่พบ BCR-ABL1 และ MLL-AF4 มักมีผลตรวจโครโมโซมที่ตรงกัน ต่างจาก ETV6-RUNX1 และ TCF3-PBX1 ที่ผลจะไม่ตรงกัน สรุป ยีนลูกผสมที่พบได้บ่อย 4 ชนิด  ETV6-RUNX1 และ TCF3-PBX1 พบได้เป็นหลักในผู้ป่วย B-ALL การตรวจหายีนลูกผสมด้วย RT-PCR มีความแม่นยำ ในขณะที่การตรวจโครโมโซมยังละเอียดไม่เพียงพอ จำเป็นต้องมีการศึกษาและการทดสอบเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับยีนลูกผสมมากขึ้น
Pengembangan Game Teka-Teki Silang Untuk Memperkenalkan Stres Akademik Siswa Di MTS Negeri Tarakan
Authors: Anggraini Kiki Marselia , Riski Sovayunanto  , Tri Cahyono
Published: August 2024

Pengembangan Game Teka-teki Silang Untuk Memperkenalkan Stres Akademik Siswa Di MTs Negeri Tarakan”, Stres Akademik merupakan sebuah bentuk dari tekanan-tekanan yang terjadi pada siswa yang di akibatkan oleh persaingan dan tuntutan akademik sehingga diperlukan layanan bimbingan klasikal yang inovatif terkait stress akademik. Layanan inovatif terdiri dari media yang digunakan disesuaikan dengan pola pikir dan kebutuhan siswa agar layanan klasikal yang diberikan tidak monoton atau membosankan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana kelayakan media permainan teka-teki silang dalam mengenalkan stress akademik siswa MTS Negeri Tarakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Permainan teka-teki silang ini diuji oleh ahli media, ahli materi dan menggunakan kelompok kecil sebanyak 41 siswa. Hasil penilaian ahli media sebesar 9,3 atau 75%, ahli meteri memberikan nilai 7,6 atau 70,1%, dengan total keseluruhan skor dari kelas delapan yaitu 1451 atau 85% artinya media permainan teka teki silang dikatakan layak. Hal ini di perkuat oleh hasil uji skala kecil pada kelas 7 yaitu 84,6 atau 85% sehingga secara keseluruhan permainan teka-teki silang dengan media power poin layak digunakan
Status Anak dari Perkawinan dibawah Tangan Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/Puu-Viii/2010 Tanggal 17 Februari 2012 Ditinjau Dari Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Mansyur
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh Perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan mengakibatkan banyak anak yang tidak tercatat di catatan sipil. Imbasnya anak tidak memiliki indentitas karena UU No. 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan mensyaratkan pengajuan akta kelahiran harus disertai dokumen perkawinan dari negara.. Anak adalah harta dunia yang sekaligus juga merupakan rahmat dan cobaan dari Allah SWT. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian metode penelitian library research atau penelitian kepustakaan. Mengenai penelitian semacam ini lazimnya juga disebut “Legal Research” atau “Legal Research Instruction”. Adapun kesimpulan yang didapatkan yaitu Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut mengaburkan ketentuan-ketentuan mengenai anak luar kawin/anak zina, baik yang terdapat di dalam UU No. 1/1974 maupun KHI. Penyadaran kepada masyarakat akan pentingnya keluarga sebagai dasar yang kuat dari suatu bangsa, karena masih belum adanya ketegasan dari pemerintah selaku pihak yang berwenang apakah akan melegalkan atau melarang pernikahan secara siri atau di bawah tangan. Serta saran yang penulis berikan adalah Anak sebagai generasi bangsa haruslah dilindungi hak-haknya.
Penerapan Technology Acceptance Model Dalam Penerimaan Pengguna GoPay Sebagai Sistem Pembayaran Elektronik
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Ramzi , Nurwahyuni Siti
Published: August 2024

Teknologi dalam melakukan pembayaran secara non-tunai sudah banyak diterapkan dengan menganalisis penerimaan pengguna terhadap GoPay sebagai sistem pembayaran elektronik dengan menggunakan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). GoPay adalah salah satu layanan pembayaran elektronik yang populer di Indonesia. Namun, meskipun popularitasnya, masih ada faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penerimaan pengguna terhadap sistem ini. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis mengadopsi Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) sebagai kerangka teoritis. TAM adalah model yang telah terbukti digunakan dalam banyak penelitian untuk memahami penerimaan pengguna terhadap teknologi. Model ini terdiri 5 konstruk, yaitu Persepsi Kegunaan (Perceived Usefulness), Persepsi Kemudahan Penggunaan (Perceived Ease of Use) Sikap Penggunaan (Attitude Toward of Using), Minat Perilaku (Behavioral intention),Pengguna Sesungguhnya (Actual Use). Dengan menggunakan Google Form untuk media penyebaran kuesioner nya. Peneliti mengambil sampel sebanyak 90 orang mahasisiwa yang menggunakan Gopay sebagai sistem pembayaran elektronik. Dengan menggunakan perhitungan TAM, kita dapat bahwa setiap variable TAM berpengaruh postif terhadap Pengguna Sesungguhnya (Actual Use).
 
Technology in making non-cash payments has been widely applied by analyzing user acceptance of GoPay as an electronic payment system using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). GoPay is one of the most popular electronic payment services in Indonesia. However, despite its popularity, there are still factors that influence user acceptance of this system. In this study, the authors adopt the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework. TAM is a proven model used in many studies to understand user acceptance of technology. This model consists of 5 constructs, namely Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude Toward of Using, Behavioral intention, Actual Use. By using Google Form as a medium for distributing questionnaires. Researchers took a sample of 90 students who used Gopay as an electronic payment system. By using TAM calculations, we can find that each TAM variable has a positive effect on Actual Use.
Enhancing Child Protection Education for ECD Teacher Trainees: An Analysis of Tutors’ and Trainees’ Learning Experiences in Selected Institutions in Uganda
Authors:   Makerere Institute of Teacher Education and Research (MITER), Makerere University, Kabugo David , Muwagga Mugagga Anthony ,   Department of Foundations and Curriculum Studies, Makerere University, Nambi Gatrude ,   Makerere Institute of Teacher Education and Research (MITER), Makerere University, Nakyeyune Yudaya ,   Makerere Institute of Teacher Education and Research (MITER), Makerere University, Nampenja Ruth , Nalusiba Florence ,   Makerere Institute of Teacher Education and Research (MITER), Makerere University, Babirye Percy ,   Makerere University, Muwonge Vicent ,   Makerere Institute of Teacher Education and Research (MITER), Makerere University,   School of Psychology, Makerere University
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the learning experiences of tutors and trainees regarding child protection education in Uganda’s Early Childhood Development (ECD) teacher training institutions. Using a descriptive cross-sectional survey design, the research involved 125 participants, including 15 tutors and 110 trainees, who were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection methods comprised structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions, with analysis employing both thematic and statistical techniques. Key findings reveal significant curriculum content and delivery variations, with practical training components like role-plays and case studies less frequently incorporated than theoretical lectures. Trainees highly valued interactive methods for their practical relevance. Challenges identified include insufficient resources, limited professional development opportunities for tutors, and cultural and societal barriers to effective child protection education. The study underscores the need for a balanced approach integrating theoretical knowledge and practical skills, continuous professional development, and more robust institutional support. Recommendations for future research include expanding the scope and representativeness of samples, employing longitudinal designs to assess long-term impacts, and exploring the integration of practical pedagogical methods. Addressing these gaps is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of child protection education and ensuring the safety and well-being of children in ECD settings in Uganda.
Human Resources Managemnt in Public Hospitals in Romania
Authors: DIAC (HUȚU) Daniela , CUMPĂT Marinela Carmen
Published: August 2024

In recent years, human resources management (HRM) in public hospitals has undergone significant changes, influenced by factors such as technological progress, demographic changes, and the challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper examines the new emerging trends in HRM in public hospitals in Romania, highlighting the importance of adapting to the new conditions to maintain the efficiency and quality of healthcare services. Efficient human resources management in public hospitals is essential for optimizing costs and improving healthcare services. By investing in the recruitment and training of healthcare professionals, public hospitals can ensure a skilled workforce, capable of providing high-quality care to patients. Additionally, an adequate level of staff can address the issue of long waiting times and improve emergency response capacity.
Complex Financial Analysis of Agricultural Enterprises in the Southern Plain Region
Authors: HORVÁTH Péter , MAJOR Zsigmond
Published: August 2024

In order for an agricultural enterprise to be successful in the long run, it is very important to know and continuously monitor the farming processes, to see the connections and their impact on each other. In a strong economic competition, only a company can survive which responds appropriately to change and takes into account the external and internal environment, analyzes their operation and adapts its decisions accordingly. Accession to the European Union has also created new opportunities for agricultural SMEs, which will greatly affect the success of the business. In my study, I explore the main changes that have taken place since accession through the analysis of the balance sheet data and indicators of these agricultural enterprises.
Diabetes mellitus gestacional: triagem, diagnóstico e prevenção
Authors: Maganhin Luquetti Camilla , De Souza Teixeira Matheus , Cleber Durães Nascimento Filho Aldir , Bezerra Carvalho Sousa Bruno , Barbosa Nascimento Alice , Melo Souza de Farias Tassila , Esteves D’Oliveira Marta , Luana Gabler da Costa Adria , Marques Sobrinho Marcelo , Vinícius Oliveira Mendes Guilherme , Kaluangila Andrelino Santiago Solano , De Azevedo Almeida Leo , Aguiar Cardoso Ana Beatriz
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) se desenvolve em gestantes cuja função das células beta pancreáticas é insuficiente para superar a resistência insulínica associada ao próprio estado gestacional. Objetivo: discutir o diabetes mellitus gestacional quanto à triagem, diagnóstico e prevenção. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura a partir de bases de dados da Scielo, da PubMed e da BVS, de abril a junho de 2024, com descritores “gestational diabetes mellitus”, “diagnosis” e “prevention”. Incluíram-se artigos de 2019-2024 (total 133), com escolha de 05 artigos na íntegra. Resultados e Discussão: DMG é o diagnóstico de diabetes entre 24-28 semanas de gestação. Quando no início da gravidez, mais provável de ser crônico e recebe o nome de “overt diabetes”. A triagem universal ocorre para DMG ocorre entre 24-28 semanas, já que 24 semanas é a idade gestacional quando a resistência à insulina está aumentando significativamente. A abordagem de uma etapa simplifica a triagem realizando apenas um teste de diagnóstico, normalmente um teste de tolerância oral à glicose (GTT) de jejum de 75 gramas, em todos os pacientes. Em duas etapas, o primeiro passo é um GTT oral de 50 gramas de uma hora administrado sem levar em conta a hora do dia/refeições anteriores e, o segundo passo GTT oral de 100 gramas de três horas realizado após jejum noturno. Em mulheres com DMG, o tratamento (terapia nutricional, em seguida, farmacoterapia se os objetivos glicêmicos não forem alcançados) pode reduzir a taxa de alguns resultados adversos da gravidez, particularmente macrossomia e distocia do ombro e, possivelmente, pré-eclâmpsia. Indivíduos com DMG devem ser rastreados para diabetes pós-parto e periodicamente depois, pelo maior risco de desenvolver DM2. Conclusão: A prevalência de diabetes gestacional tem aumentado, provavelmente devido à maior idade média materna e ao aumento do IMC, bem como às mudanças nas práticas e métodos de rastreio.
Visão geral e classificação do glaucoma em bebês e crianças
Authors: Maganhin Luquetti Camilla , Peixoto Silva Amanda , Anderson Henrique Araquam da Silva Almeida  , Andressa Lima Nietto  , Kin Alexia da Rocha Kudo  , Carlos Eduardo Real Fernandes  , João Guilherme Dorneles Ferraz  , Camila Taynara de Oliveira Lopes  , Júlia Silva Fasciani  , Alan Silva César  , Maurício Barros de Arruda Mendes Gonçalves  , Carla Cristina Maganhin
Published: August 2024

Introdução: O glaucoma representa um grupo heterogêneo de doenças oculares com neuropatia óptica progressiva, manifestada pela escavação do disco óptico e, geralmente, associada ao aumento da pressão intraocular (PIO). Pode levar a danos no nervo óptico e consequente perda visual. A perda da visão periférica ocorre primeiro, mas se o glaucoma não for tratado, pode levar à perda da visão central e à cegueira completa. Em bebês e crianças pequenas, podem ocorrer danos adicionais ao sistema visual, incluindo erro refrativo grande e potencialmente assimétrico, edema ou cicatrizes da córnea, astigmatismo, estrabismo e ambliopia. O diagnóstico e o encaminhamento precoces são cruciais para garantir o resultado visual ideal. Objetivo: compreender a visão geral do glaucoma em bebês e crianças. Metodologia: Revisão de literatura a partir de bases da Scielo, da PubMed e da BVS, de março a maio de 2024, com descritores “glaucoma”, “management”, “babies”, e “children”, cadastrados no DeCS/MeSH e operador “AND”. Incluíram-se artigos de 2019-2024 (total 181), com exclusão de outros critérios e escolha de 05 artigos na íntegra. Resultados e Discussão: O glaucoma pode ser classificado quanto ao ângulo da câmara anterior (aberto/fechado) e primário/secundário. O de ângulo aberto é o mais comum em crianças e adultos, com perda progressiva do campo visual periférico seguida de perda de campo central em um padrão típico. Quando primário, há malformação angular isolada (trabeculodisgênese), sendo raro na infância e com início nos primeiros anos de vida. A idade em que os sintomas aparecem pela primeira vez provavelmente está relacionada à gravidade da disgênese angular. Se juvenil, aparece após 4-5 anos de idade. Geralmente são assintomáticos e o dano ao nervo óptico é oculto. O diagnóstico é dado pelo dano ao nervo óptico no exame do fundo de olho tipicamente na presença de PIO elevada e déficit de campo visual. Na maioria dos casos, há histórico familiar positivo. A intervenção cirúrgica é base terapêutica e medicamentos são adjuvantes. A frequência de acompanhamento depende da gravidade. Quando secundário, é adquirido ou relacionado à anormalidade ocular subjacente, em qualquer idade e pode estar presente no nascimento (ex: tumores, trauma, glicocorticoides, retinotipatia da prematuridade). O diagnóstico é confirmado com exame de fundo, tonometria e campimetria. Conclusão: Glaucoma é a segunda principal causa de cegueira no mundo. A neuropatia óptica nem sempre apresenta aumento da pressão intraocular, o que pode atrasar o diagnóstico. Faz-se importante o reconhecimento e diagnóstico precoce, bem como acompanhamento com oftalmologista na infância.
Sistem Kontrol dan Monitoring Pemberi Pakan Ikan Otomatis Berbasis IOT
Authors: Safitri Safitri , Sari Dian Megah , Insani Chairi Nur , Rachmini Sitti Aulia
Published: August 2024

The activity of keeping ornamental fish using an aquarium is still very popular with fans. An important factor in maintaining ornamental fish in an aquarium is the timing of feeding the fish. Therefore the author aims to create an Internet of Things-based automatic fish feeder control and monitoring system. The type of research used is a combined research (mix method) using blackbox testing, the results of this study are a prototype system where when The RTC is set according to the fish's feeding demand schedule, the Nodemcu commands the servo motor to open the fish's feeding valve, and the ultrasonic sensor detects the remaining food in the storage tank. The received sensor reading data will be sent to Telegram as an information display media.Furthermore, the data used was 5 trials with an average of 1 gram of feedissued.
Influence of Organizational Resources on Administrative Performance of Public Secondary Schools in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors:   St. Paul's University, Kenya, Kathari Damiano , Gesimba Paul , Mwaura Peter
Published: August 2024

Over the years, there has been a growing concern over management of public Secondary Schools in Kenya, as observed in their performance in national examinations as well as frequent students' unrests. Schools, just as the business firms, need effective management to achieve the set goals and objectives. Organizations have some core objectives they pursue in order to achieve various performance metrics they set for themselves. In a school context, organizational resources are expected to align organizational elements with the school’s strategic plan and operational requirements and improve their performance. However, it has remained unclear whether organizational resources influence the administrative performance of public secondary schools. This study investigated the influence of organizational resources on administrative performance of Public Secondary Schools in Nakuru County, Kenya. This study was guided by Resource Based View theories. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study targeted a population of 352 principals in public secondary schools in Nakuru County. Simple random sampling was employed in selecting a sample of 106 respondents. A questionnaire was used in collecting primary data. Research instruments were pre-tested in 11 public secondary schools in Nyandarua County and found to be suitable. Data processing involved editing, coding, classification and tabulation. Data analysis which involved Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis was done with the aid of SPSS version 25.0 Statistical software. Both quantitative and qualitative data was collected and the results are presented in tables and graphs. The study found out that adequate organizational resources in schools, significantly increased the administrative performance in public secondary schools in Nakuru County, Kenya. The study recommends that public secondary schools should be equipped with more resources in order to enhance the administrative performance.
Neizkliedes stāvokļu dinamikas novērtējums nanofotonikā
Authors:   , Redka Dimitrii
Published: August 2024

Promocijas darbā galvenā uzmanība pievērsta jaunu optisko efektu izpētei ultraātrās subviļņu garuma optikas sarežģītajā apakšlaukā. Taču šī specifiskā apakšnozare, proti, neizkliedes režīmu pārejošā optika, praktiski vēl nav izstrādāta, tāpēc ir plašs darbības lauks turpmākajiem pētījumiem. Darba mērķis ir fundamentālie pētījumi šajā jaunajā jomā un jaunu ierīču fundamentālu modeļu ieviešana, pamatojoties uz iegūtajiem rezultātiem. Promocijas darba gaitā izstrādāti modeļi un realizēti jaunu ultraplānu planāru fotonisko elementu prototipi, piemēram, ultraplāni atkārtošanās ātruma reizinātāji, gaismas filtri, staru kūļa modulatori u. c. Šie elementi ir paredzēti femtosekundes optikai, un tiem ir divējāds lietojums – gan īsiem impulsiem, gan nepārtrauktai apstarošanai.
Activity-dependent lateral inhibition enables ensemble synchronization of odor-activated neurons in the olfactory bulb
Authors: Dalal Tal , Haddad Rafi
Published: August 2024

Information in the brain is represented by the activity of neuronal ensembles. These ensembles are adaptive and dynamic, formed and truncated based on the animal’s experience. One mechanism by which spatially distributed neurons form an ensemble is synchronizing their spiking activity in response to a sensory event. In the olfactory bulb, odor stimulation evokes rhythmic gamma activity in spatially distributed mitral and tufted cells (MTCs). This rhythmic activity is thought to enhance the relay of odor information to the downstream olfactory targets. However, how only the odor-activated MTCs are synchronized is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that light activating one set of MTCs can gamma-entrain the spiking activity of another set. This lateral synchronization was particularly effective when both MTCs fired at the gamma rhythm, facilitating the synchronization of only the odor-activated MTCs. Furthermore, we show that lateral synchronization did not depend on the distance between the MTCs and is mediated by Granule cells. In contrast, lateral inhibition between MTCs that reduced their firing rates was spatially restricted to adjacent MTCs and was not mediated by Granule cells. Our findings reveal a simple yet robust mechanism by which spatially distributed neurons entrain each other’s spiking activity to form an ensemble.
Telomerase RNA component knockout exacerbates S. aureus pneumonia by extensive inflammation and dysfunction of T cells
Authors: Reisser Yasmina , Hornung Franziska , Häder Antje , Lauf Thurid , Nietzsche Sandor , Löffler Bettina , Deinhardt-Emmer Stefanie
Published: August 2024

The telomerase RNA component (Terc) constitutes a non-coding RNA critical for telomerase function, commonly associated with aging and pivotal in immunomodulation during inflammation.Our study unveils heightened susceptibility to pneumonia caused by
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
in
Terc
knockout (Terc
ko/ko
) mice compared to both young and old infected counterparts. The exacerbated infection in Terc
ko/ko
mice correlates with heightened inflammation, manifested by elevated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and activation of the NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome within the lung.Employing mRNA sequencing methods alongside
in vitro
analysis of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and T cells, our study elucidates a compelling correlation between Terc
ko/ko
, inflammation, and impaired T cell functionality. Terc deletion results in compromised T cell function, characterized by dysregulation of the T cell receptor and absence of CD247, potentially compromising the host’s capacity to mount an effective immune response against
S. aureus
.This investigation provides insights into the intricate mechanisms governing increased vulnerability to severe pneumonia in the context of Terc deficiency, which might also contribute to aging-related pathologies, while also revealing for the first time the influence of Terc on T cell function.
The function of juvenile-adult transition axis in female sexual receptivity of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Li Jing , Ning Chao , Liu Yaohua , Deng Bowen , Wang Bingcai , Shi Kai , Wang Rencong , Fang Ruixin , Zhou Chuan
Published: August 2024

Female sexual receptivity is essential for reproduction of a species. Neuropeptides play the main role in regulating female receptivity. However, whether neuropeptides regulate female sexual receptivity during the neurodevelopment is unknown. Here we found the peptide hormone prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), which belongs to the insect PG axis, negatively regulated virgin female receptivity through ecdysone during neurodevelopment in
Drosophila melanogaster
. We identified PTTH neurons as doublesex-positive neurons, they regulated virgin female receptivity before the metamorphosis during the 3
rd
-instar larval stage. PTTH deletion resulted in the increased EcR-A expression in the whole newly formed prepupae. Furthermore, the ecdysone receptor EcR-A in pC1 neurons positively regulated virgin female receptivity during metamorphosis. The decreased EcR-A in pC1 neurons induced abnormal morphological development of pC1 neurons without changing neural activity. Among all subtypes of pC1 neurons, the function of EcR-A in pC1b neurons was necessary for virgin female copulation rate. These suggested that the changes of synaptic connections between pC1b and other neurons decreased female copulation rate. Moreover, female receptivity significantly decreased when the expression of PTTH receptor Torso was reduced in pC1 neurons. This suggested that PTTH not only regulates female receptivity through ecdysone but also through affecting female receptivity associated neurons directly. The PG axis has similar functional strategy as the HPG axis in mammals to trigger the juvenile–adult transition. Our work suggests a general mechanism underlying which the neurodevelopment during maturation regulates female sexual receptivity.
Associations of age at diagnosis of breast cancer with incident myocardial infarction and heart failure: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Liang Jie , Pan Yang , Zhang Wenya , Gao Darui , Wang Yongqian , Xie Wuxiang , Zheng Fanfan
Published: August 2024

Background:

The associations of age at diagnosis of breast cancer with incident myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF) remain unexamined. Addressing this problem could promote understanding of the cardiovascular impact of breast cancer.

Methods:

Data were obtained from the UK Biobank. Information on the diagnosis of breast cancer, MI, and HF was collected at baseline and follow-ups (median = 12.8 years). The propensity score matching method and Cox proportional hazards models were employed.

Results:

A total of 251,277 female participants (mean age: 56.8 ± 8.0 years), of whom 16,241 had breast cancer, were included. Among breast cancer participants, younger age at diagnosis (per 10-year decrease) was significantly associated with elevated risks of MI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–1.56, p<0.001) and HF (HR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.18–1.46, p<0.001). After propensity score matching, breast cancer patients with younger diagnosis age had significantly higher risks of MI and HF than controls without breast cancer.

Conclusions:

Younger age at diagnosis of breast cancer was associated with higher risks of incident MI and HF, underscoring the necessity to pay additional attention to the cardiovascular health of breast cancer patients diagnosed at younger age to conduct timely interventions to attenuate the subsequent risks of incident cardiovascular diseases.

Funding:

This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82373665 and 81974490), the Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021-RC330-001), and the 2022 China Medical Board-open competition research grant (22-466).
Male cuticular pheromones stimulate removal of the mating plug and promote re-mating through pC1 neurons in Drosophila females
Authors: Yun Minsik , Kim Do-Hyoung , Ha Tal Soo , Lee Kang-Min , Park Eungyu , Knaden Markus , Hansson Bill S , Kim Young-Joon
Published: August 2024

In birds and insects, the female uptakes sperm for a specific duration post-copulation known as the ejaculate holding period (EHP) before expelling unused sperm and the mating plug through sperm ejection. In this study, we found that
Drosophila melanogaster
females shortens the EHP when incubated with males or mated females shortly after the first mating. This phenomenon, which we termed
m
ale-induced
E
HP
s
hortening (MIES), requires Or47b+ olfactory and ppk23+ gustatory neurons, activated by 2-methyltetracosane and 7-tricosene, respectively. These odorants raise cAMP levels in pC1 neurons, responsible for processing male courtship cues and regulating female mating receptivity. Elevated cAMP levels in pC1 neurons reduce EHP and reinstate their responsiveness to male courtship cues, promoting re-mating with faster sperm ejection. This study established MIES as a genetically tractable model of sexual plasticity with a conserved neural mechanism.
Impaired yolk sac NAD metabolism disrupts murine embryogenesis with relevance to human birth defects
Authors: Bozon Kayleigh , Cuny Hartmut , Sheng Delicia Z , Martin Ella MMA , Young Paul , Humphreys David T , Dunwoodie Sally L
Published: August 2024

Severe congenital malformations are a frequent cause of premature death and morbidity in children worldwide. Malformations can originate from numerous genetic or non-genetic factors but in most cases the underlying causes are unknown. Genetic disruption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
de novo
synthesis drives the formation of multiple congenital malformations, collectively termed Congenital NAD Deficiency Disorder (CNDD), highlighting the necessity of this pathway during embryogenesis. Previous work in mice shows that NAD deficiency perturbs embryonic development specifically during a critical period when organs are forming. While NAD
de novo
synthesis is predominantly active in the liver postnatally, the site of activity prior to and during organogenesis is unknown. Here, we used a mouse model of human CNDD and applied gene expression, enzyme activity and metabolic analyses to assess pathway functionality in the embryonic liver and extraembryonic tissues. We found that the extra-embryonic visceral yolk sac endoderm exclusively performs NAD
de novo
synthesis during early organogenesis before the embryonic liver takes over this function. Furthermore, under CNDD-inducing conditions, mouse visceral yolk sacs had reduced NAD levels and altered NAD-related metabolic profiles which affected embryo metabolism. Expression of requisite genes for NAD
de novo
synthesis is conserved in the equivalent yolk sac cell type in humans. Our findings show that visceral yolk sac-mediated NAD
de novo
synthesis activity is essential for mouse embryonic development and perturbation of this pathway results in CNDD. Given the functional homology between mouse and human yolk sacs, our data improve the understanding of human congenital malformation causation.
Recurrent disruption of tumour suppressor genes in cancer by somatic mutations in cleavage and polyadenylation signals
Authors: Kainov Yaroslav , Hamid Fursham , Makeyev Eugene V
Published: August 2024

The expression of eukaryotic genes relies on the precise 3'-terminal cleavage and polyadenylation of newly synthesized pre-mRNA transcripts. Defects in these processes have been associated with various diseases, including cancer. While cancer-focused sequencing studies have identified numerous driver mutations in protein-coding sequences, noncoding drivers – particularly those affecting the cis-elements required for pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation – have received less attention. Here, we systematically analysed somatic mutations affecting 3'UTR polyadenylation signals in human cancers using the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) dataset. We found a striking enrichment of cancer-specific somatic mutations that disrupt strong and evolutionarily conserved cleavage and polyadenylation signals within tumour suppressor genes. Further bioinformatics and experimental analyses conducted as a part of our study suggest that these mutations have a profound capacity to downregulate the expression of tumour suppressor genes. Thus, this work uncovers a novel class of noncoding somatic mutations with significant potential to drive cancer progression.
Recurrent disruption of tumour suppressor genes in cancer by somatic mutations in cleavage and polyadenylation signals
Authors: Kainov Yaroslav , Hamid Fursham , Makeyev Eugene V
Published: August 2024

The expression of eukaryotic genes relies on the precise 3’-terminal cleavage and polyadenylation of newly synthesized pre-mRNA transcripts. Defects in these processes have been associated with various diseases, including cancer. While cancer-focused sequencing studies have identified numerous driver mutations in protein-coding sequences, noncoding drivers – particularly those affecting the cis-elements required for pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation – have received less attention. Here, we systematically analysed cancer somatic mutations affecting 3’UTR polyadenylation signals using the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) dataset. We found a striking enrichment of cancer-specific somatic mutations that disrupt strong and evolutionarily conserved cleavage and polyadenylation signals within tumour suppressor genes. Further bioinformatics and experimental analyses conducted as a part of our study suggest that these mutations have a profound capacity to downregulate the expression of tumour suppressor genes. Thus, this work uncovers a novel class of noncoding somatic mutations with significant potential to drive cancer progression.
Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB)-induced plant adaptations to stresses: an updated review
Authors: Fanai Awmpuizeli , Bohia Beirachhitha , Lalremruati Felicia , Lalhriatpuii Nancy , Lalrokimi  , Lalmuanpuii Rosie , Singh Prashant Kumar , Zothanpuia
Published: August 2024

Plants and bacteria are co-evolving and interact with one another in a continuous process. This interaction enables the plant to assimilate the nutrients and acquire protection with the help of beneficial bacteria known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). These beneficial bacteria naturally produce bioactive compounds that can assist plants’ stress tolerance. Moreover, they employ various direct and indirect processes to induce plant growth and protect plants against pathogens. The direct mechanisms involve phytohormone production, phosphate solubilization, zinc solubilization, potassium solubilization, ammonia production, and nitrogen fixation while, the production of siderophores, lytic enzymes, hydrogen cyanide, and antibiotics are included under indirect mechanisms. This property can be exploited to prepare bioformulants for biofertilizers, biopesticides, and biofungicides, which are convenient alternatives for chemical-based products to achieve sustainable agricultural practices. However, the application and importance of PGPB in sustainable agriculture are still debatable despite its immense diversity and plant growth-supporting activities. Moreover, the performance of PGPB varies greatly and is dictated by the environmental factors affecting plant growth and development. This review emphasizes the role of PGPB in plant growth-promoting activities (stress tolerance, production of bioactive compounds and phytohormones) and summarises new formulations and opportunities.
Peritaje antropológico, evaluación ambiental y pueblos indígenas
Authors: Faundes Peñafiel Juan Jorge , Campos Mello Patricia Perrone , Araya Pérez Valentina Paz Anaís
Published: August 2024

Se analiza el peritaje antropológico en los procesos de evaluación ambiental. Se postula, por una parte, la existencia de un derecho al peritaje antropológico, justificado en el derecho humano a la identidad cultural y el derecho humano al medio ambiente sano. Y, por otra, que la pericia antropológica en materia ambiental contribuye al razonamiento judicial, como un instrumento capaz de develar los elementos constitutivos de la identidad cultural de los pueblos indígenas y sus comunidades, bienes jurídicos protegidos en los procesos administrativos y judiciales de alcance ambiental. En especial, que esta pericia permite determinar su afectación o susceptibilidad de afectación como presupuesto de procedencia de la consulta indígena. Se estudian los antecedentes teóricos y disciplinares del peritaje antropológico; se examinan sus fuentes normativas, en particular los derechos humanos a la identidad cultural y al medio ambiente sano, más la legislación ambiental pertinente; y se revisa un conjunto de decisiones judiciales chilenas de competencia ambiental que consideraron peritajes antropológicos, sistematizando sus diversos abordajes. Metodológicamente, se recurre a revisión bibliográfica, a los métodos jurídicos dogmático y hermenéutico y al método deductivo para la revisión de jurisprudencia.