bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Cosas» para construir textos. Construcciones con el lexema «cosa» con valor de preparación
Authors: Pérez-Béjar Víctor
Published: December 2024

En este trabajo analizamos dos construcciones con funcionamiento discursivo que surgen del uso metadiscursivo de la palabra comodín cosa: construcciones del tipo te digo una cosa y una cosa, junto con sus variantes. La voz cosa constituye un archilexema que suele asociarse a los discursos de la inmediatez comunicativa para recuperar un bloque informativo sobre cuyo procesamiento se quiere dar alguna instrucción. Con este uso metatextual, la lexía tiende a aparecer en ciertas expresiones semifijadas, pero con un alto grado de convencionalización. Es el caso de las construcciones que se analizan en este trabajo. A través del análisis de corpus, identificaremos las características formales de estas construcciones y los valores procedimentales asociados a ellas, que parten, en principio de la relación catafórica que poseen estas estructuras y de su funcionamiento preparatorio. El estudio se apoya en los preceptos de la lingüística pragmática y la macrosintaxis.
García Pérez, Rafael, y Ariana Suárez Hernández. El adverbio: aproximaciones sincrónicas, diacrónicas y variacionales. Berlín: Peter Lang, 2023. 177 pp. (ISBN: 978-36-3189-681-5)
Authors: Fernández-Reguera Rafael
Published: December 2024

Book Review
Marcadores discursivos y otros mecanismos de marcación discursiva. Una propuesta holística para el análisis de narraciones orales en español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Galiana-Bea Patricia , Gras-Manzano Pedro , Rosado-Villegas Elisa , Mañas-Navarrete Iban
Published: December 2024

El análisis de los marcadores del discurso en narraciones orales de hablantes de español como lengua extranjera se encuentra con el obstáculo de la ausencia de definiciones y clasificaciones que contemplen todos los elementos relevantes en la marcación del discurso. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una propuesta de análisis integral de los mecanismos de marcación del discurso (MMD) aplicable a narraciones orales no planificadas de aprendices de ELE. Esta propuesta se articula en torno a funciones y tipos de mecanismos. Desde el punto de vista funcional, la propuesta parte de la macrofunción «marcación del discurso», que se concreta en tres funciones: (i) ideacional/proposicional (como adición, contraste, causa, etc.), (ii) textual/ estructural (como inicio, pausa de planificación, reformulación, etc.) e (iii) interpersonal/modal (como fática, duda, justificación, etc.). En cuanto a los tipos de mecanismos, esta propuesta incluye tanto los tradicionalmente considerados marcadores del discurso como otros tipos de mecanismos, que, en función de su comportamiento sintáctico y discursivo, se subdividen en mecanismos oracionales (nexos, adjuntos, modificadores de constituyente) y discursivos (fórmulas léxicas, apéndices generalizadores, interjecciones). Este sistema de análisis se aplica a una muestra de narraciones orales producidas por nativos y aprendices de español como lengua extranjera.
Valentino’s syndrome – a systematic review of a life-threatening mimic of acute appendicitis
Authors:   Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Salati Sajad Ahmad , AlSalamah Yasir Ahmed ,   Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, AlSulaim Lamees Sulaiman ,   Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Unaizah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. Valentino’s syndrome is an atypical but potentially lethal presentation of a perforated peptic ulcer. It closely mimics appendicitis. Literature about this disorder is sparse due to its rarity. Hence, this article was compiled to gain an understanding of this disorder. This article was composed to review the profiles of patients with Valentino’s syndrome reported in the recent literature.
Material and methods. A systematic literature search was conducted through electronic databases, including PubMed, ResearchGate, and Scopus, using the key words and terms “Valentino’s syndrome,” “perforated duodenal ulcer simulating acute appendicitis,” and “perforated peptic ulcer mimicking acute appendicitis.” Only English literature was considered for inclusion in this study, and the time frame was fixed between 2012 and 2023.
Analysis of the literature. Twenty-seven cases from both genders, ranging in age from 7 to 76 years, were included in the review. In 20 cases, the diagnosis was made at laparotomy for a presumed diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Six cases had undergone appendectomy as their first surgical operation, but their condition had worsened postoperatively and had undergone re-exploration at a delay of 3 to 10 days (mean 6±2.86 days; mode 3 days). One patient required a third abdominal exploration.
Conclusion. Valentino’s syndrome has a very high rate of misdiagnosis. There is a need to increase awareness of this disorder among healthcare professionals so that it might be considered a differential diagnosis while a patient is being evaluated for acute abdomen.
Growth differentiation factor 15 – a review of current literature on biological roles and clinical significance
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland, Rzemieniewski Bartosz , Kasztelan Aleksandra ,   Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland, Poboży Kamil ,   Department of Neurosurgery, National Medical Institute of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland, Domańska-Poboża Julia ,   Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, plays crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes including inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell repair, growth, metabolic regulation, and immune response. This review aims to discuss the biological roles and clinical significance of GDF15 and to analyze its impact across different medical fields such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, gynecology, and areas related to aging and metabolic disorders.
Material and methods. A review was constructed through a literature search on PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on studies from 2014 to 2024, using relevant keywords.
Analysis of the literature. Recent research highlights GDF15’s potential as a biomarker in cardiovascular diseases, its role in cancer progression and resistance to therapies, and its significance in metabolic regulation affecting conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cachexia. Emerging research also points to its role in aging, mitochondrial diseases, and systemic conditions such as sepsis, liver, and lung disorders.
Conclusion. GDF15’s involvement in multiple pathological states and its broad impact across various medical disciplines underline its potential for future clinical applications. Understanding GDF15’s complex roles could lead to novel therapeutic strategies and enhance prognostic assessments in diverse medical fields.
Tryptophan reduces the degree of brown adipose tissue whitening in rats with visceral obesity
Authors:   Department of Clinical Physiology of Connective Tissue, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine, Yanko Roman , Levashov Mikhail ,   Department of Clinical Physiology of Connective Tissue, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine, Safonov Sergey ,   Department of Clinical Physiology of Connective Tissue, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. The relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and visceral obesity (VO) is a topic of growing interest in scientific and medical research. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of L-tryptophan on histomorpho logical abnormalities in BAT induced by a high calorie diet (HCD).
Material and methods. The study was performed on male Wistar rats 3 months of age. Control rats (group I) were fed a stan dard diet. VO in animals (groups II and III) was modelled by exposure to an HCD (45% fat and 31% carbohydrates) for 12 weeks. The rats in group III were also given L-tryptophan (80 mg/kg). Histological preparations were prepared from the interscapular bodies of the BAT. Indicators of lipid metabolism, oxygen consumption, subcutaneous oxygen tension and basal temperature were measured in the rats.
Results. It was found that the group of rats on HCD lead to the development of VO, and histomorphological changes occur in BAT indicating a decrease in its activity. Supplementation with L-tryptophan reduced the structural abnormalities in BAT, name ly the accumulation of fat, the whitening of brown adipocytes, and prevented excessive loss of activity due to the deleterious effects of HCD.
Conclusion. Supplementation with L-tryptophan may have a potential benefit in preventing the development of excessive VO by preserving BAT activity.
Congenital epulis in a newborn – a case report in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Child Health, Edo Specialist Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, Oriaifo Sylvester , Eweka Osasere Andrew ,   Parkside Medical Centre, Boston, United Kingdom, Atoe Kenneth ,   Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo State University Uzairue, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

Introduction and aim. Congenital epulis is a rare benign tumor that affects the oral cavity of newborns which typically presents as a solitary mass on the maxillary alveolar bridge at birth, with a predilection for the female gender. The rarity of congenital epulis is underscored by the limited number of reported cases in the literature, as evidenced by the infrequent occurrence of this condition in newborns.
Description of the case. This case report presents a rare case of congenital epulis, a benign gingival tumor in a newborn. The report includes a brief literature review to provide insights into the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and management of congenital epulis.
Conclusion. This case contributes to the current knowledge regarding rarity of occurrence and emphasizes the need for reporting, early intervention and multidisciplinary collaboration in effective management.
Islam Transformatif: Conceptualizing Liberation Theology for Indonesian Muslim Society
Authors: Akmaliah Wahyudi
Published: December 2024

This article examines the concept of Islam Transformatif as espoused by Moeslim Abdurrahman, situated within the socio-political context of the Suharto regime. This period witnessed economic growth that overshadowed systemic poverty among Indonesian Muslims. To construct a social justice framework that advocates for the lower classes Abdurrahman reinterprets Marxist perspectives through Islamic lenses, resulting in a transformative Islamic theology known as Islam Transformatif. This study situates this concept within the broader discourse of Islamic liberation theology, emphasizing its response to economic inequality and structural class struggles that have been marginalized in Indonesian social science debates. Abdurrahman’s approach not only broadens the discussion of Islamic liberation theology but also critiques the dearth of political economy perspectives in the study of Indonesian Muslim societies. As a Southeast Asian thinker, Abdurrahman universalizes social science beyond the Eurocentric framework, discussing contemporary issues such as poverty amidst terrorism, redefining hijrah in the context of exploitation, and encouraging Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama to adopt Islam Transformatif in combating oligarchical and predatory politics. This concept remains a relevant and important knowledge framework for addressing socio-political challenges in contemporary Indonesia.
Charter of Freiburg of 1293: Burgomaster and Heads of Corporations
Authors: Blokhin Pavel
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The Charter of Freiburg, drawn up in 1293, marked the end of the reform of the city administration. The document also reflects the process of forming management structures for local workshops. Methods and materials. The main research method is comparative historical analysis. The provisions of the Charter of 1293 and early compilations of law are compared. Analysis. The position of the governing bodies of the trading corporations in the city and the powers of the Burgomaster and the SchultheiЯ are examined. Special attention is paid to the election of shop masters, heads of the workshops, and the burgomaster, who was the head of all the craftsmen’s associations in the city. The formation of management structures in the artisan environment led to the emergence of a new body of municipal government – the Public Council. It was made up of the local lord and members of the Junior and Senior Councils (the regular bodies of Freiburg’s self-government). Among other things, the Public Council held elections for shop masters, supervised their activities, and dismissed them if necessary. Unlike the heads of the craftsmen’s associations, the burgomaster was appointed directly by the lord. At the same time, the powers of the burgomaster went beyond the mere management of the town shops. Among other things, the burgomaster was the spokesman for the interests of the Junior Council and participated in its management activities. With the advent of the office of burgomaster, the former head of the town and supreme judge – the SchultheiЯ – lost a number of their administrative functions and part of their income. Results. The Charter of 1293 recorded the establishment of a municipal government in the city, which included the Senior (supreme legislative power) and Junior Councils (supreme supervisory, legislative power), the SchultheiЯ (supreme judicial power), and the burgomaster (management of the city’s crafts). The Freiburg workshops became self-governing craft corporations.
M.N. Muravyev and the Icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral in Vilna: Imperial Transfer of Sacral Images?
Authors: Lyubeznikov Oleg
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In the Orthodox Nicholas Church in Vilna since the 1860s, there were icons brought from St. Isaac’s Cathedral in St. Petersburg. The reasons, mechanisms, and socio-political context of the transportation of the icons from the capital of the Russian Empire to the Northwestern Krai after the uprising of 1863 were not clear. The purpose of this article is to analyze the complex of archival and published sources and reconstruct the history of sending the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral to Vilna, to identify the factors that accompanied this process and to determine the circle of its participants. Methods and materials. The article is based on the archival sources from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive (f. 472 “Chancery of the Ministry of the Imperial Court,” f. 502 “Cabinet of the Architect Montferrand,” f. 789 “Imperial Academy of Arts,” f. 1311 “Commission of the construction of St. Isaac’s Cathedral”). The study of archival sources and synchronous sources of personal origin and historiography made it possible to reconstruct the motives, the course, and stages of the transportation of icons from St. Isaac’s Cathedral to Vilna churches. Analysis. The solicitation of the Vilna Governor-General M.N. Muravyev about sending to Vilna the picturesque icons replaced by mosaics in St. Isaac’s Cathedral was caused both by his desire for economy and the speedy filling of Vilna churches by Orthodox icons and, apparently, by the very correspondence of the icons (depicting saints whose names coincided with the names of members of the Romanov dynasty) to his own political course aimed at imperial integration and the symbolic conquest of the space of the Northwestern Krai. Results. M.N. Muravyev’s successor, the Governor-General K.P. Kaufman, who perhaps knew about the symbolic unity of Orthodoxy and the monarchy, reflected in the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral, made a similar request to the Ministry of the Imperial Court to send the additional icons. However, Alexander II was a supporter of a softer political course in relation to the Northwestern Krai and did not consider the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral as an instrument of symbolic and confessional politics, and the practice of sending the icons from Petersburg to Vilna was finished. Funding. The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project № 21-48-04402 “Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)”.
Vectors of Transformation of Civil Activity of Russian Youth in the First Third of the 21st Century
Authors: Makarenko Kirill
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The adaptation mechanism of the state as a political institution determines the vectors of transformation of social interactions in the event of significant external and internal crises. Overcoming the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the conduct of a special military operation by Russia in Ukraine leads to the formation of a new system of relations between the government and society, when the growth of trust in political institutions leads to the “shift” of local problems to the federal national level. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study is the theory of collective identity and individual provisions of the theory of rational choice. The empirical basis of the study is public opinion polls on the practices and forms of civic engagement, conducted by the largest domestic sociological centers. Specific research methods are statistical analysis of posts in Telegram, visualization by constructing a boxplot, and a histogram of the distribution of reactions to posts. An analysis of the forms and practices of civic engagement of young people in the Russian Federation during the COVID-19 and military operation periods showed that as a result of the increase in the level of political, institutional, and generalized trust in Russia, a number of vectors have been formed, the direction of which is dictated by the special military operation. Results. If the trend towards online, inclusivity, and locality is characteristic of civic engagement in countries that are not going through the crisis stage, then in Russia 2022–2024 the focus is determined by the mechanism of “civic mobilization,” which is characterized by 1) digitalization; 2) a temporary shift in the scale of actions from the local to the federal level; and 3) a general increase in civic engagement among young people. Funding. The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Expert Institute for Social Research within the framework of the FZUU-2024-0005 project “Participation in elections as a family tradition: resources of the family institute and vectors of mobilization of civic engagement of modern Russian youth.”
Belgorod as a Reception Center for Newcoming Cherkassy in the First Half of the 17th Century
Authors: Brezgunova Viktoriia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. During the 17th century, Belgorod, built close to the border with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, retained its importance as an important military strategic point. Methods and materials. The article is devoted to the study of the history of Belgorod in the context of migration processes that affected many cities of the South of Russia in the first half of the 17th century. The methodological basis of the research was the fundamental principles of historical cognition – objectivity and historicism. The source base of the study covers diverse materials, the most important of which are volumes of documents and materials on the reunification of Ukraine with Russia, published under the editorship of P.P. Gudzenko. The materials of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts – the columns of the Belgorod and Prikaz offices – were also involved in the research. Analysis. Belgorod became one of the most popular centers, where cherkassy, immigrants from the Ukrainian lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, came with their families. The voivodes of the border city administered them an oath, temporarily placed them, gave them salaries, and, if necessary, appointed attendants to move to other Russian settlements. Results. The study concluded that Belgorod became not only one of the points of reception and further relocation of cherkassy but also the place of permanent residence of a small group of cherkassy – 60 people led by Ataman Khandogoy, who is mentioned in written sources from 1640 to 1655. Larger groups of cherkassy did not live in Belgorod during the period under review.
Villages of the Black Earth Region of European Russia in the 17th – First Third of the 18th Centuries
Authors: Lyapin Denis , Melnikova Alena
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In the 17th century, in the south of European Russia, in the Black Earth districts, the process of economic development of vast fertile lands took place. The effectiveness of this process was associated with the increase in the number of Russian settlers to work on arable land. Economic success played an important role in the confrontation between Russia and the Crimean Khanate. The war between the two states lasted throughout the 17th century. In recent decades, the study of the history of the development of black earth districts in Russia has continued in various directions, but the problem of economic development of new territories remains relevant for study. Methods and materials. The authors of the article use data on the number of villages as a criterion for assessing the process of reclamation of empty lands. The authors focus on the villages of the three largest regions of the Black Earth region – the Belgorod, Voronezh, and Yelets regions. Materials from the Kozlov region are used as additional information. The materials for the work were mass sources – census books of the 17th – first quarter of the 18th centuries. Results. As a result of the study, an increase in the number of rural settlements and changes in their internal structure were recorded in favor of the increase in large villages. All this testifies to Russia’s economic success in the region and allows us to understand some of the features of this process. There is also no doubt about the steady demographic growth throughout the 17th century. These factors played an important role in the struggle for the annexation of the Black Earth Strip to Russia during periodically escalating military conflicts and political confrontations. Contribution of the authors of the article: D.A. Lyapin – concept development, writing of the introduction, analysis of the results. A.R. Melnikova – processing of materials for the article, writing of the section “Materials and methods,” design of the article. D.A. Lyapin – 50%, A.R. Melnikova – 50%. Funding. The research was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 24-68-00011, https://rscf.ru/project/24-68-00011/) on the basis of Bunin Yelets State University.
Komi-Permian Views on the Characters of Legends Yuksya, Puksya, Chadz and Bach
Authors: Goleva Tatiana
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The images of the characters of historical legends are part of folk knowledge and ideas about the past. The aim of the article is to identify the features of the Komi-Permian legends’ heroes Yuksya, Puksya, Chadz, and Bach and the factors that influenced their folding. Methods and materials. The research is based on the methods of description, comparison, and generalization of data, as well as structural and semantic analysis. The sources are published folklore texts and materials, which were obtained during field research at the beginning of the 21st century. Analysis. The collective designation of heroes (chud, old people, and heroes), the description of their activities, and association with other characters – all this reveals characters’ image. Different versions of the historical role of the characters fit into a concept about the glorious heroes of the past. Additional features of the heroes are revealed in the folk memorial tradition. Results. Four characters are presented as pioneers and founders of local history. They were strong, resisted strangers, and loved to have fun. They stand out for their joint activities. These features developed due to folklore patterns of text development and folk customs. Geographical objects (settlements and places of worship) have important conditions in the formation and preservation of the image of characters. The mention of memorial customs in folklore texts is an important condition for the transmission of tradition and indicates the connection of heroes with places of worship. Funding. The research was carried out in the framework of the state theme “Ethnocultural processes in the center of Eurasia: archeology and ethnography of the Urals,” no. 124021500047-2.
Therapeutic and Environmental Potential of Mushrooms in Ancient and Modern Contexts: A Review
Authors: Seethapathy Parthasarathy , Subramani Thirukkumar , Ayrilmis Nadir , Patil Hrishikesh
Published: December 2024

Mushrooms are the healthiest, safest, most nutritious foods and are vital to human well-being. In historical contexts, religious teachings influenced the treatment of diseases, with ethnomycological knowledge suggesting that mushrooms held divine clues due to their unique appearances. The use of mushrooms was often linked to the "doctrine of signatures," where their morphological resemblance to human organs, such as the ear, kidney, and lungs, prompted researchers to theorize that products derived from mushrooms might be effective in treating health concerns. A wide variety of edible and wild mushrooms are now recognized for their bioactive compounds, which are valuable in biopharmaceuticals and dietary supplements. The compounds exhibit a range of therapeutic properties, encompassing immune enhancement, antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory actions, antiviral capabilities, and anti-neoplastic activities. Modern science has corroborated many of these traditional insights, revealing mushrooms as sources of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. The intertwined filamentous mycelium of mushrooms is also attracting interest for its biocomposite uses in sustainable and environmentally friendly businesses. Biocomposite materials suitable for construction and building applications can be produced by creating a mycelial matrix or a self-forming adhesive using non-food fungal mycelia flour. This review explores the ethnomycological background, therapeutic potential, and innovative uses of mushroom mycelium in biocomposites, highlighting their role in health, wellness, and sustainable development.
Rigid polyurethane foams co-modified with chicken feather protein and expandable graphite
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Meng , Wang Zhi , Xie Hua
Published: December 2024

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) was prepared by synergistic modification using self-made chicken feather protein as well as expandable graphite (EG). The flame retardancy and smoke suppression of the modified RPUFs were analyzed based on the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR). The HRR, THR, SPR, and TSR of RPUF5 with 5 g of EG were 18.7 kW/m2, 1.35 kW/m2, 0.0028 m2/s, and 21.2 m2/m2, respectively, which showed the best performance at a thermal radiation intensity of 25 kW/m2 and showed a decrease of 42.8%, 35.4%, 66.3%, and 56.3% compared with the pure sample RPUF1. In addition, four methods were used to calculate the activation energy (E) of the modified RPUFs, which showed that RPUF5 had the highest E and the best thermal stability. At the same time, RPUF5 also had good mechanical properties. These results will lay the foundation for the development and application of RPUF in the flame retardant field.
Investigations on the hydration of C3S with different water–solid ratios and subsequent carbonation
Authors: Huang Rong , Cai Yuesheng , Wang Junjie , Xu Lei , Ran Bo
Published: December 2024

The hydration of synthesised C3S samples (93.7% C3S + 6.3% C2S) with different water–solid ratios (WSRs) and the subsequent carbonation of the hydration products (mainly hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H)) were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. It was found that a higher WSR induced a faster hydration rate of C3S and a greater amount of C-S-H, but the C-S-H was found to have a higher carbonation rate because of a looser microstructure and a lower calcium/silicon ratio compared with that in the groups with a low WSR. In addition, the carbonation product calcium carbonate became less stable in the high-WSR groups, and changed from calcite to aragonite with an increase in the WSR. However, upon surpassing a particular threshold of the WSR, both the hydration rate of C3S and the carbonation rate of C-S-H became stable. The results of this study could provide a better understanding of the key factors influencing cement hydration and C-S-H carbonation.
The impact of work experience on lecturer’s subject knowledge and professional development
Authors: Momoh Job , Ige Olubisi , Ogbenjuwa Lucy , Udeaja Chika , Alonge Oluwabunmi Deborah , Okoror Garvin
Published: December 2024

Education within the construction and the built environment sector has always been in constant tension with work experience within the industry. Theoretical knowledge, continuous professional development, and work practices should complement and drive each other so that each aspect can better enhance apprenticeship students’ experiences. This research aims to investigate how lecturers can stay current with practices within architecture, built environment, and civil engineering (AEC), thereby improving their teaching techniques and current knowledge of the subject area. The rationale behind this research is the need to improve and update lecturers’ current knowledge alongside valid industrial experience. The researchers used qualitative research with a literature review and case study analysis on Stephenson College to achieve the above research aim. Qualitative content analysis based on a systematic review of existing literature was analysed in this study. The extrapolated data identified how to improve effective knowledge management exchange between lecturers, students, and industrial partners. The research findings established methods of how lecturers can be better informed about current developments within the construction industry. Lastly, the model developed in the study proposes how lecturers and students stay abreast with developments and improve curricula development within the AEC sectors.
Investigation of pistachio saplings in Siirt province regarding soil fungal pathogens
Authors: Aydın Mehmet Hadi , Ayaz Şükran , İnal Behcet , Arslan Berrin , Uzun Tuba
Published: December 2024

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a significant agricultural product in the Southeastern Anatolia Region, particularly in the province of Siirt. A substantial portion of the region's demand for saplings is fulfilled by nurseries in this province. In this study, the objective was to identify fungal pathogens responsible for root, crown rot, and wilt symptoms, as well as to determine disease prevalence rates in pistachio nurseries located in Siirt province. The incidence of plants exhibiting disease symptoms in the examined nurseries was found to range between 1% and 6%. Since plants showing disease symptoms were observed in each nursery, the prevalence was calculated as 100%. As a result of the survey, 142 fungal isolates belonging to 12 species and 8 genera were obtained. These isolates were identified morphologically and molecularly. As a result of the pathogenicity studies, it was determined that several Fusarium species (F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides (Syn. F. moniliforme), F. equiseti, F. avenaceum, F. proliferatum, Fusarium spp.) and Neoscytalidium dimitatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Phoma spp., Cylindrocarpon spp. colonized the pistachio branches, leading to tissue discoloration. According to the symptoms observed on the branches, the most pathogenic fungal isolates were identified as follows: N. dimitatum BŞR9.1, N. dimitatum AKT1.3, F. solani BŞR9.2, F. oxysporum BŞR5.4, M. phaseolina BŞR1.3, and F. equiseti BŞR2.3.1, respectively. Additionally, figures depicting the morphological characteristics and microscopic images of the pathogens are provided.
Superficial and Substantial Practices of Solidarity in Social Sciences
Authors: Möllhoff Judith , Vicenzi Glenda , Mehlhorn Annette , Kunze Conrad
Published: December 2024

We intervene in debates on ethics and politics in social science, exploring how to foster substantial solidarity in research and knowledge production. Renewed discussions around intersectionality, diversity, and decolonization expose problematic aspects of knowledge production, too often revealing violent and predatory practices. Building on critiques of detached, positivist understandings of knowledge, we emphasize the situated nature of knowledge production, highlighting the structural complicity of social sciences – especially in the Global North – with colonial, patriarchal and capitalist logics. Yet we contend that dominant ways to address this criticism can be compatible and reproduce these logics. Thus, we identify phenomena of superficial solidarity, such as tokenism, and discuss the limits and possibilities of situated knowledge. Practically, we propose substantial solidarity in the context of politically committed research emphasizing ethics of care, comradeship, and coalition-building with marginalized subjects to promote research as a productive and mutually valuable encounter for all participants.
A Failed Reactivation of Enlightenment Criticism of Religion by Van Leeuwen: Content, Not Cognitive Attitude, Makes the Difference between Factual Beliefs and Religious Credence
Authors: Szocik Konrad
Published: December 2024

The subject of this article is a critique of the philosophy of religion presented by Neil Van Leeuwen in his Religion as Make-Believe: A Theory of Belief, Imagination, and Group Identity. The article rejects his main title thesis that religion is make-believe. Van Leeuwen assumes that a religious individual has a cognitive attitude for religious content that is different from an attitude for factual beliefs. In this article, Van Leeuwen’s concept is rejected. What distinguishes religious beliefs from factual beliefs is the difference in content, not cognitive attitudes.
Optical breakdown of a fiber in the case of a non-ideal contact with the initiator
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Starikova Viktoriya A. ,   Perm Research and Production Instrument-Making Company (PNPPK), PAO (PJSC), Perminov Anatoly V. ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: December 2024

This article describes a mathematical model of optical breakdown at the end of an optical fiber in the case of a non-ideal contact between the end of the optical fiber and the initiator surface. An air gap was assumed between the fiber end face and the initiator. The model was based on a heat conduction equation in cylindrical coordinates. The air motion in the gap was described by equations of free convection in the Boussinesq approximation, taking into account the thermal radiation arising at the optical fiber end face and at the initiator section opposite the fiber, where the radiation reflection occurs. As a result, temperature fields were obtained. The characteristic times of evolution of the plasma formation region and the threshold power of optical breakdown were determined on the basis of the temperature fronts boundaries. It is concluded that convection has a weak effect on heat dissipation during optical breakdown in a fiber compared to other mechanisms of heat transfer.
Analysis of the reflected light brightness to determine structural changes in the fluid flow from a spray device
Authors:   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS, Batalov B. G. , Vasiliev A. Yu. ,   Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UB RAS
Published: December 2024

Visual and instrumental observations of a liquid sprayed by the nozzle showed an uneven distribution of the reflected light brightness in the spray cone. The structure of the spray cone produced by centrifugal nozzles was experimentally investigated. A simple approach to the analysis of spray cone images is proposed, which allows tracking the change in the spray structure. The approach is based on measuring the integral brightness of the reflected light, which is uniquely related to the area of ​​the interface between the media. Measurements showed that the integral brightness changes with increasing distance from the nozzle. Three characteristic areas can be seen on the brightness change graph with increasing distance from the atomizing device. In the first area, a sharp increase in the reflected light brightness is observed, which reaches the maximum upon transition to the second area. In the second area, the reflected light brightness drops sharply. In the third area, the brightness practically stops changing. In this case, structural changes in the spray pattern are visually observed with increasing distance from the nozzle. A detailed analysis of these structural changes was performed using macrophotography and the Glare Point Technique (GPT). It was found that the liquid flies out of the nozzle in the form of an expanding cone of a solid film. Then, in the second area, the film breaks into separate fragments of a complex shape, which, under the action of surface tension forces, begin to turn into spherical objects. In the third area, all fragments turn into spherical objects, while their number and shape practically stop changing.
Electrical capacity of products and its impact on regional economy
Authors:   Northwestern Institute of Management – Branch of RANEPA, Belov Valeriy I. ,   A. S. Pushkin Leningrad State University
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The legislative acts adopted by the country’s leadership determine the relevance of the research topic, while their execution brings forward certain difficulties. It is considered to be a challenge for the state to simultaneously promote the economic growth of the Russian regions, comply with the requirements for sustainable development of territories, and reduce the use of energy resources for production.

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to determine the electrical capacity of products and its impact on the sustainable development of regional economies in order to adopt appropriate typological decisions by authorities. To do this, the growth rates of industrial production and electricity consumption were calculated.

Materials and Methods. The study refers to 2017–2022 Rosstat data on industrial production, energy consumption, and gross regional product. The basic method is applied to calculate the growth rates, and the grouping method is used to analyze the findings.

Results. The article considers a possible solution to a two-pronged problem when the authorities manage the growth rates of both industrial production and its electrical capacity. The findings reveal similar characteristics among the regions, which could categorize them intro groups. These groups show region-oriented electricity consumption, electrical intensity, and the developed structure of branches in regional economies, and could determine the impact of ongoing processes (indicators in questions) on the gross regional product. The proposed approach has both theoretical and practical significance: it facilitates the adoption of reference management decisions by regional authorities to manage the growth rates of independent variables.

Conclusion. The study is relevant as it words the research problem, proposes the assessment methodology for the growth rate of electrical capacity of industrial products, determines its impact on the sectoral structure of gross value added (sections B, C, D, E), which constitutes the gross regional product.
Business digital maturity metrics in micro-, meso-, and macrocircuits
Authors:   Vladivostok State University, Nigay Evgeniya A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Digital transformations permeate the organizations at all levels of management and interaction circuits. This trend has become an objective reality of modern business, with its importance and influence growing. The logic of the research is determined by a decomposition approach applied to assess the digital maturity of an enterprise. This approach is developed as follows: 1) internal microcircuit of interaction – business processes and internal environment – metrics of internal microcircuit (automation, tools, skills, information); 2) external mesocircuit – interaction with partners and customers – metrics of external mesocircuit (compatibility, platforms, integration, data); 3) external macrocircuit – adjustments in business models and processes to the environment – metrics of external macrocircuit (economy, politics, technology, competition). The proposed decomposition is universal and modifiable in terms of indicators and factors, depending on a specific research request.

Purpose. The article is aimed at supporting a decomposition approach to measure the digital maturity of an organization with the metrics of digital development in micro-, meso-, and macrocircuits.

Materials and Methods. The article refers to the methods of systematization and generalization of information, comparative analysis, logical and structural decomposition and modeling.

Results. The proposed approach is derived from the structural decomposition of business digital maturity metrics in micro-, meso-, and macrocircuits. This approach measures digital maturity both separately in relation to each circuit and holistically, which gives a chance to develop a rational digital strategy when each circuit has its innovative changes proportionally. In addition, the author’s approach is complemented by the theory of the stage organizational evolution, which describes the maturation stages of an organization on the digital maturity scale and defines further fundamental adjustments of the digital strategy.

Conclusions. Measuring the digital maturity of business determines the current state of an organization’s performance in digitalization, as well as outlines promising directions for innovative development. The decomposition approach used to assess digital maturity provides an additional set of data that tracks similar dynamics of digital changes in each circuit of organizational interaction.
Conceptual scheme of the economy institutional sectors interaction in the system of strategic planning at the mesolevel
Authors:   Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizamutdinov M. M. , Shmakova M. V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: December 2024

Introduction: ensuring effective interaction of all participants involved in the strategic
planning process, namely, the representatives of government, business, enterprises, public
organizations, civil society and others, is one of the most important management tasks.
A resource (financial) component is proposed as a relevant element to integrate all strategic
participants. Assessing the current system of strategic planning documents in the Russian
Federation has revealed a number of contradictory aspects, including disruption of links
between federal strategic planning documents, which are the key guidelines for developing
meso-level strategic documents, as well as the lack of a clearly defined mechanism
for coordinating interests and interaction of all strategic participants both at the level
of public administration and at the level of economy institutional sectors (in particular, business
and households). These aspects update the problem of improving the strategic planning toolkit
at the meso-level and serve as a prerequisite for the development of a scheme that allows
for the effective interaction of all agents included into the strategy process. Objectives: to develop
a conceptual scheme for the interaction of institutional sectors of the economy in the strategic
planning system at the meso-level. Methods: in addition to general scientific research methods,
methods of system analysis, decomposition, and flowcharts are used. Results: the alignment
of interests of agents at various levels in the strategic planning process, including, among
all, the financial (investment) component, should be carried out considering the interaction
of economy institutional sectors. Based on that, the following are highlighted as important:
firstly, the model of financial flows of the region, and secondly, parameters for interaction
and coordination of the interests of investment environment agents in strategizing regional
socio-economic development. Conclusions: the proposed conceptual scheme of interaction
of economy institutional sectors in strategic planning system at the meso-level will ensure
effective interaction of all participants involved in the process, and, in general, will contribute
to the existing contradictions in regional strategy system.
The significance of an industrial strategy in development of the modern national economics
Authors: Nizamutdinov I. K.
Published: December 2024

In the modern economics the issues of innovation and industry development directly determine the features of formation or the national economic system. The article presents the analysis of the factors determining the effectiveness of the impact of innovation process on the sustainable development of the national economics. The purpose of the study is to reveal the signifi cance of innovation processes for development of the national economic system and identify the factors facilitating their improvement. Within the framework of the goal stated it is essential to analyze the existing peculiarities of development of Russia’s economics, basing on the world experience to evaluate the impact of the innovation process and the innovation segment of the economics on the development of the entire economic system, to make quantitative assessment of the role of innovation technologies in the formation of positive economic growth rates. To assess the signifi cance of innovation process formed within the growth of human capital and human development in infl uencing the improvement of the economic system, the author applies the following methods: comparison, quantitative analysis and generalization of the elements of the innovation component of industrial development in the national economics. The research carried out allowed discovering the determining role of innovation process in the development of the modern economics, evaluation the impact of the human capital on the process of creating new technologies, comparison of the role of the innovation process in the Russian economics and that of the USA. The results of the study are applicable in implementing the corrective actions of the government on stimulating economic and industrial growth, in planning and implementing the programs for strategic innovative development of industrial sectors in Russia as well as in carrying out further research in assessment of the role of innovation process in the national economic system.