bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leiomyosarcoma intestinal
Authors: Cabello Fernández A , León Luque M , Maraver Zamora M , Bejarano García A
Published: October 2021

El leiomiosarcoma digestivo es una neoplasia poco común, siendo el lugar de asentamiento más frecuente el estómago, seguido del intestino delgado (íleon). Sólo el 3% de los casos afectan al colon. En este último caso habría que hacer un diagnóstico diferencial fundamentalmente con el adenocarcinoma de colon. Su diagnóstico es histológico con necesidad de inmunohistoquímica, y su tratamiento curativo consiste en la cirugía, habiendo demostrado la quimio y radioterapiapocobeneficio.Supronósticoespobre,yaquelarecidivatras la cirugía y la diseminación hematógena son frecuentes.
Mathematical Modelling and Simulation for One Dimensional - Two-Phase Flow Equation in Petroleum Reservoir: A Matlab Algorithm Approach
Authors: Brahma Jwngsar
Published: October 2021

The reservoir behaviors described by a set of differential equation those results from combining Darcy’s law and the law of mass conservation for each phase in the system. The one-dimensional two-phase flow equation is implicit in the pressure and saturation and explicit in relative permeability. A mathematical model of a physical system is a set of partial differential equations together with an appropriate set of boundary conditions, which describes the significant physical processes taking place in that system. The processes occurring in petroleum reservoirs are fluid flow and mass transfer. Two immiscible phases (water& oil) flow simultaneously while mass transfer may take place among the phases. Gravity, capillary, and viscous forces play a role in the fluid-flow process. The model equations must account for all these forces and should also take into account an arbitrary reservoir description with respect to heterogeneity and geometry. Finally, one-dimensional two-phase flow equation through porous media is formulated by considering above reservoir parameters and forces. A numerical method based on finite difference scheme is implemented to get the solutions of one-dimensional two-phase flow equation. A MATLAB algorithm is used to solve the equation with mathematical analysis resulting in upper and lower bounds for the ratio of time step to mesh. The MATLAB algorithm is modified as per the model with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The algorithm is applied to two-phase water flooding problems in laboratory size cores, and resulting saturation and pressure distribution are presented graphically. The saturation and pressure distribution of two-phase flow model is in agreement with the prediction of the Buckley Leveret theory. The numerical solution is used as a base for evaluating the numerical methods with respect to machine time requirement and allowable tie step for fixed mesh spacing.
Numerical Investigation of the Thermal Performance of an Axially Rotating Internally Finned Receiver Tube of a Parabolic Trough Concentrator
Authors: Tanious Andrew S. , Abdel-Rehim Ahmed A.
Published: October 2021

Enhancement of the thermal performance of the parabolic trough receiver tube is one of the approaches to energy sustainability. In the present work, the thermal performance of an axially rotating receiver tube equipped with internal flat longitudinal fins is studied. The effects of both the fin height and the rate of axial rotation are investigated at low values of axial Reynold’s number. The numerical analysis is held at various rotation rates using ANSYS Fluent. The numerical findings showed that the effect of the axial rotation on the internally finned receiver tube is not significant yet negative where a maximum reduction of 6% in the outlet temperature is reached in the 2mm height internally finned tube at rotation rate of N=21. However, the analysis showed that as the rotation rate increases, the temperature homogeneity between the fluid layers also increases and thus the liquid stratification phenomenon between the fluid layers is eliminated. The percentage of temperature difference between the fluid layers near the pipe center and the layers near the pipe wall reaches an optimum value of 58.4% at N=21 which is confirmed by an optimum increase of 110% in Nusselt number at the same rotation rate. However, a maximum loss of 81.6% in pressure coefficient is found in the case of the 2mm internally finned tube due to the increased turbulence. Thus, the integration of pipe axial rotation and internal fins can yield an enhancement in the heat transfer to the parabolic trough concentrator receiver tube and thus its thermal performance.
Towards intercultural competence: Using consensus to identify essential personality traits for an inclusive extension education workforce
Authors: Diaz John , Silvert Colby , Gusto Cody , Jayaratne K.S.U , Narine Lendel
Published: October 2021

The rapid diversification of workforces and client stakeholder groups has prompted a growing emphasis on diversity, equity, and inclusion as a critical component of professional development across industry sectors. While the proliferation of intercultural competence training models has increased awareness among employers and workforces, the competencies advocated in these models may not always be relevant to an organization or institution’s operational context. This study addresses the need for contextually grounded intercultural competency models targeted to extension education contexts. Using a three-phased Delphi approach, data were gathered from a panel of 36 intercultural competency experts. The panel identified nine personal traits thought to be critical for the recruitment and development of culturally competent extension educators. The authors explain how these results may be used to recruit extension educators with traits conducive to engagement with a broad audience of stakeholders using culturally sensitive and responsive techniques. Given the distinct processes by which different components of intercultural competence are developed, we recommend specific measures and techniques administrators can utilize to recruit and develop extension educators who possess the agreed-upon intercultural personality traits.
Computed tomography pneumogastrography in determining clinical t-stage and yt-stage of gastric cancer
Authors: Amelina Inna , Shevkunov Lev , Karachun Alexey , Muravtseva Anastasia , Mikhnin Alexander , Bagnenko Sergey , Artemieva Anna
Published: October 2021

Оbjective. To assess the sensitivity of CT pneumogastrography in determining the T-stage and yT-stage.
Materials and methods. This is a prospective, single-center study that included 267 patients with a histologically diagnosed stomach cancer who received treatment at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology from 2015 to 2018. 162 (60.7%) patients underwent preoperative chemotherapy. All patients underwent surgery: 22 in the volume of proximal subtotal gastrectomy, 95 in the volume of distal subtotal resection, 123 in the volume of gastrectomy, and 27 in the volume of endoscopic dissection. All patients underwent staging computed tomography at the preoperative stage according to a single protocol - CT pneumogastrography on a 64-slice X-ray computed tomography. The sensitivity of the method in assessing the depth of invasion was calculated separately for patients without preoperative chemotherapy (T-stage) and for patients who underwent preoperative chemotherapy (уT-stage) by comparison with pathological data.
Results. The sensitivity indicators of CT pneumogastrography for patients without preoperative chemotherapy were: for T1a – 80.6%, T1b – 72.7%, T2 – 80.0%, T3 – 88.0%, T4a – 83.3%, T4b –100%. The sensitivity indicators of CT pneumogastrography for patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy were: for уT2 – 65.2%, уT3 – 83.5%, уT4a – 83.9%, уT4b – 75.0%. It is difficult to restore locally advanced gastric cancer with a depth of invasion cT2 – cT4b in the category yT0, yT1a, and yT1b after preoperative chemotherapy due to the persisting pathological tissue with impaired differentiation of all layers of the stomach wall, which is pathomorphologically a large fibrous tissue.
Сonclusion. CT-pneumogastrography demonstrates high diagnostic indicators in determining the T-stage and yT-stage of gastric cancer.
Isolated metastasis of uterine leiomyosarcoma to the pancreas: clinical observation
Authors: Perminova Alina , Khanevich Mikhail , Kokhanenko Nikolai , Kashintsev Alexey , Glebova Anna
Published: October 2021

The article presents a clinical case of successful surgical treatment of a patient with isolated metastasis of uterine leiomyosarcoma to the head of the pancreas 3 years after the removal of the primary tumor. A pancreatectomy with immunohistochemical examination was performed. The patient was examined 6 months after the operation. There are no signs of a relapse of the disease.
Clinical report of a patient with primary mediastinal B-large cell lymphoma
Authors: Kamaeva Inna , Lysenko Irina , Nikolaeva Nadezhda , Kapuza Elena , Lazutin Iurii , Oskin Sergey
Published: October 2021

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma is a variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with the predominant involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes, which affects young women. Diagnosis of this nosology is difficult due to the rare involvement of peripheral lymph nodes, as well as the rapid increase of clinical manifestations, such as the syndrome of compression of the vena cava superior and the development of the respiratory failure. The article presents a clinical case of a patient who was operated and complications that occurred due to inadequate diagnostic and therapeutic tactics. There aren`t any descriptions of the clinical manifestations of the disease which could led to a diagnostic error in literature. We present our own observation of a patient with PMBCL and discuss a practical diagnostic algorithms for mediastinal tumors. The diagnosis of PMBCL can be established only as a result of morphological examination, it is important that surgeons and pathologists remember about it. This case is important not only because it provides information about such a lymphoproliferative disease as PMBCL, but also reminds about such a diagnostic error in oncology-treatment without verification. We tried to emphasize the nesessary of strict implementation of the algorithm for differential diagnosis of the anterior mediastinal neoplasms, especially for young people. I hope that this case will contribute to the expansion of knowledge and the prevention of errors in order to achieve better results.
Výrobní defekty na pražském groši Václava IV. / Defects in production of one Prague grossus struck under Wenceslas IV
Authors: Boublík Jan
Published: October 2021

Defects in coin production represent the known sorts of anomalies in the striking process which are connected with inattention of the minter or his assistant. The defective coins are characterized by the fact that they were struck twice of the same pair of dies by mistake. This kind of defective product appeared among coins found on the cadastral territory of Dřevěnice (Jičín district). Among other coins, there was one Prague grossus of Wenceslas IV showing traces of overstrikes by the same dies. The mentioned anomaly illustrates combination of several defects emerged during the striking process. Besides the minting mistakes – the coin is doublestruck, the dies are displaced, the upper die is not fully struck or double-struck – there is a mistake in the die-engraving job: the letter ‘I’ in the word ‘TERCIVS’ is missing on the obverse die.
K počátkům kutnohorské ražby tolarů Maxmiliána II. v roce 1573 / Notes to the beginning of the thaler production under Maximilian II in Kuttenberg in 1573
Authors: Šimek Eduard
Published: October 2021

The year 1573 undoubtedly represents one of the most important milestones in the Bohemian monetary history before the Thirty Years War. After many comments of various specialists and the ordinary public on the monetary code issued by Ferdinand I in 1561 (thalers of 28.93 g with quality of 895/1000 were replaced by 60-kreuzers of 24.62 g with quality of 931/1000), production of thalers and other denominations of the previous Bohemian monetary system (1547) was restored. Renewed production of the thalers and their fractions is documented by the Kuttenberg coin registers summarized in fourteen weekly reports between May and August 1573. At that time, 49,582 thalers, 7,480 half thalers and 4,369 quarter thalers were struck in the mint. Some 1,520 kg of minting metal (silver with admixture) were used. High priority production of the highest silver denominations was characteristic for the period when the 60-kreuzers were replaced by the newly re-introduced thalers.
Zajímavý vratislavský tříkrejcar Ferdinanda II. / An interesting three-kreuzer piece struck under Ferdinand II in Breslau
Authors: Vojtíšek Pavel
Published: October 2021

The three-kreuzer struck under Ferdinand II in Breslau in 1625 authorized by the mint-master Jan (John) Riedel – a piece not listed in numismatic literature up to date – is described in this article. The coin is interesting by marking its denomination on obverse as well as on reverse. The three-kreuzers of Ferdinand II from Breslau seem to be relatively uniform (ruler’s head / eagle), but placing the numeral which marks the denomination is different from type to type (obverse / reverse). That is why such a hybrid variety could appear. A very simplified table of the recorded types of obverse and reverse of these three-kreuzers can help in explanation of appearance of other hybrid coins and, possibly, in prediction of some ‘non-standard’ pieces which could be found in private or public collections or in hoards in the future.
Entwicklung eines Prämiensystems zur Berücksichtigung der Bauprozessqualität in Bauverträgen/Development of a bonus system for consideration of the construction process quality in construction contracts
Authors: Simon Natalie , Racky Peter
Published: October 2021

Große Interessengegensätze der Bauvertragsparteien prägen oftmals die Abwicklung von Bauvorhaben. Als ein Lösungsansatz, die Zusammenarbeit der Bauvertragsparteien verstärkt auf die Verfolgung gemeinsamer Projektziele auszurichten, wird die Vereinbarung von monetären Bonus-Malus-Regelungen angesehen. Der vorliegende Aufsatz stellt die Entwicklung eines entsprechenden Prämiensystems vor, durch dessen Anwendung die Prozessqualität der auftragnehmerseitigen Bauleistungserbringung bewertet und honoriert wird. Wesentliche Bestandteile des Prämiensystems sind insgesamt sechs Bauprozessqualitäts-Indikatoren sowie zwei mögliche Bonusfunktionen. Hierdurch wird Bauprozessqualität objektiv messbar und somit auch monetär bewertbar. Das Prämiensystem kann in Bauverträgen ergänzend zu den konventionellen Einheitspreis- beziehungsweise Pauschalpreis-Regelungen vereinbart werden.
Maschinelles Lernen in der Prozessplanung
Authors: Stürenburg Lukas , Wichmann Marcel , Lindauer Marius , Denkena Berend
Published: October 2021

Formfehler beschreiben ungewollte Konturabweichungen, die während der spanenden Bearbeitung auftreten und zu aufwendigen Nacharbeiten oder sogar kostspieligem Ausschuss führen können. Beschrieben wird, wie sich mit automatisiertem maschinellen Lernen der Verschleiß und die Formabweichungen in der Zerspanung vorhersagen lässt.
EMS-Branche profitiert von additiver Fertigung
Authors: Silberkuhl Martin
Published: October 2021

Preisgünstig, flexibel und schnell: Moderne 3D-Druck-Technologien bieten in vielen Bereichen die Chance, die Produktionsprozesse zu revolutionieren. Eine davon ist die EMS-Industrie: Hier lassen sich hohe Startkosten bei der Produktentwicklung sowie im Werkzeugbau vermeiden und die Reaktionsschnelligkeit steigt.
Geringes Gewicht, großer Effekt
Authors: Denkena Berend , Bergmann Benjamin , Klemme Heinrich , Beyer Ralf-Eckhard , Blunk Heiko
Published: October 2021

Wie sich mit additiven Fertigungsverfahren stabile, strukturoptimierte Komponenten für Werkzeugmaschinen herstellen lassen, zeigt ein Forschungsprojekt: In Kooperation mit Industriepartnern wird ein mechanisch hochbelastetes Werkstückspannsystem entwickelt. Durch die Reduzierung des hauptachsenbezogenen Trägheitsmoments wird anhand eines Beispielbauteils eine Verringerung der Bearbeitungszeit um 11 % erreicht.
Neuartiger Ansatz zur Kraftmessung an Führungswagen
Authors: Klaproth Markus
Published: October 2021

Sensorische Fähigkeiten von Werkzeugmaschinenkomponenten erlauben die Überwachung von Prozessen. Hierdurch bietet sich die Möglichkeit, die Produktivität durch die Vermeidung von Prozessfehlern zu erhöhen. Neuartige DMS-Sensorik unterstützt dies.
Symbiose für den „genauesten Roboter der Welt“
Authors: Hagmeyer Jennifer
Published: October 2021

Noch sind Werkzeugmaschinen die Tonangeber in Sachen Präzision. Doch diesen Spitzenplatz könnten ihnen Roboter bald streitig machen. Wie funktioniert das? Ambitionierte Ziele erfordern ungewöhnliche Maßnahmen und Antworten liefert die Kooperation zwischen dem Zykloidgetriebespezialisten Nabtesco und dem Experten für Robotersteuerungen Keba.
Herstellung von thermoplastischen Leichtbaustrukturen
Authors: Fix Johann , Schmitt Christopher , Nagel Lukas , Schmidt Carsten
Published: October 2021

Für die automatisierte Herstellung faserverstärkter Bauteile aus Hochleistungsthermoplasten im „Automated Fiber Placement“ und ihrer Fügung durch Schweißen ist der Einsatz digitaler Prozessmodelle zur effektiven Prozesssteuerung unabdingbar. Schon während der Anlagenentwicklung können sie einen wertvollen Beitrag für die Einsparung von Entwicklungszeit und -kosten leisten.
Contested science: Individuals with higher metacognitive insight into interpretation of evidence are less likely to polarize
Authors: Said Nadia , Fischer Helen , Anders Gerrit
Published: October 2021

Societal polarization over contested science has increased in recent years. To explain this development, political, sociological, and psychological research has identified societal macro-phenomena as well as cognitive micro-level factors that explain how citizens reason about the science. Here we take a radically different perspective, and highlight the effects of metacognition: How citizens reason about their own reasoning. Leveraging methods from Signal Detection Theory, we investigated the importance of metacognitive insight for polarization for the heavily contested topic of climate change, and the less heavily contested topic of nanotechnology. We found that, for climate change (but not for nanotechnology), higher insight into the accuracy of own interpretations of the available scientific evidence related to a lower likelihood of polarization over the science. This finding held irrespective of the direction of the scientific evidence (endorsing or rejecting anthropogenicity of climate change). Furthermore, the polarizing effect of scientific evidence could be traced back to higher metacognitive insight fostering belief-updating in the direction of the evidence at the expense of own, prior beliefs. By demonstrating how metacognition links to polarization, the present research adds to our understanding of the drivers of societal polarization over science.
Risk of Diabetes in Subjects with Positive Fecal Immunochemical Test: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Kim Kwang Woo , Lee Hyun Jung , Han Kyungdo , Moon Jung Min , Hong Seung Wook , Kang Eun Ae , Lee Jooyoung , Soh Hosim , Koh Seong-Joon , Im Jong Pil , Kim Joo Sung
Published: October 2021

Background: Positive fecal immunochemical test (FIT) results have been recently suggested as a risk factor for systemic inflammation. Diabetes induces inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract via several ways. We investigated the association between FIT results and the incidence of diabetes.Methods: A total of 7,946,393 individuals aged ≥50 years from the National Cancer Screening Program database who underwent FIT for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening from 2009 to 2012 were enrolled. The primary outcome was newly diagnosed diabetes based on the International Classification of Disease 10th revision codes and administration of anti-diabetic medication during the follow-up period.Results: During a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, the incidence rates of diabetes were 11.97, 13.60, 14.53, and 16.82 per 1,000 personyears in the FIT negative, one-positive, two-positive, and three-positive groups, respectively. The hazard ratios (HRs) for the incidence of diabetes were 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 1.16; HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.27; and HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.55) in the one-positive, two-positive, and three-positive FIT groups compared with the FIT negative group, respectively. The effect was consistent in individuals with normal fasting blood glucose (adjusted HR 1.55 vs. 1.14, P for interaction <0.001).Conclusion: Positive FIT results were associated with a significantly higher risk of diabetes, suggesting that the FIT can play a role not only as a CRC screening tool, but also as a surrogate marker of systemic inflammation; thus, increasing the diabetes risk.
Whole-Exome Sequencing in Papillary Microcarcinoma: Potential Early Biomarkers of Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Kim Mijin , Kwon Chae Hwa , Jang Min Hee , Kim Jeong Mi , Kim Eun Heui , Jeon Yun Kyung , Kim Sang Soo , Choi Kyung-Un , Kim In Joo , Park Meeyoung , Kim Bo Hyun
Published: October 2021

Background: Early identification of patients with high-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) that is likely to progress has become a critical challenge. We aimed to identify somatic mutations associated with lateral neck lymph node (LN) metastasis (N1b) in patients with PTMC.Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 14 PTMCs with no LN metastasis (N0) and 13 N1b PTMCs was performed using primary tumors and matched normal thyroid tissues.Results: The mutational burden was comparable in N0 and N1b tumors, as the median number of mutations was 23 (range, 12 to 46) in N0 and 24 (range, 12 to 50) in N1b PTMC (P=0.918). The most frequent mutations were detected in PGS1, SLC4A8, DAAM2, and HELZ in N1b PTMCs alone, and the K158Q mutation in PGS1 (four patients, Fisher’s exact test P=0.041) was significantly enriched in N1b PTMCs. Based on pathway analysis, somatic mutations belonging to the receptor tyrosine kinase-RAS and NOTCH pathways were most frequently affected in N1b PTMCs. We identified four mutations that are predicted to be pathogenic in four genes based on Clinvar and Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion score: BRAF, USH2A, CFTR, and PHIP. A missense mutation in CFTR and a nonsense mutation in PHIP were detected in N1b PTMCs only, although in one case each. BRAF mutation was detected in both N0 and N1b PTMCs.Conclusion: This first comprehensive WES analysis of the mutational landscape of N0 and N1b PTMCs identified pathogenic genes that affect biological functions associated with the aggressive phenotype of PTMC.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Hürthle Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Jin Meihua , Kim Eun Sook , Kim Bo Hyun , Kim Hee Kyung , Kang Yea Eun , Jeon Min Ji , Kim Tae Yong , Kang Ho-Cheol , Kim Won Bae , Shong Young Kee , Kim Mijin , Kim Won Gu
Published: October 2021

Background: Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC), a type of thyroid carcinoma, is rare in South Korea, and few studies have investigated its prognosis.Methods: This long-term multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated the clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes in patients with HCC who underwent thyroid surgery between 1996 and 2009.Results: The mean age of the 97 patients included in the study was 50.3 years, and 26.8% were male. The mean size of the primary tumor was 3.2±1.8 cm, and three (3.1%) patients had distant metastasis at initial diagnosis. Ultrasonographic findings were available for 73 patients; the number of nodules with low-, intermediate-, and high suspicion was 28 (38.4%), 27 (37.0%), and 18 (24.7%), respectively, based on the Korean-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System. Preoperatively, follicular neoplasm (FN) or suspicion for FN accounted for 65.2% of the cases according to the Bethesda category, and 13% had malignancy or suspicious for malignancy. During a median follow-up of 8.5 years, eight (8.2%) patients had persistent/recurrent disease, and none died of HCC. Older age, gross extrathyroidal extension (ETE), and widely invasive types of tumors were significantly associated with distant metastasis (all P<0.01). Gross ETE (hazard ratio [HR], 27.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 to 346.4; P=0.01) and widely invasive classification (HR, 6.5; 95% CI, 1.1 to 39.4; P=0.04) were independent risk factors for poor disease-free survival (DFS).Conclusion: The long-term prognosis of HCC is relatively favorable in South Korea from this study, although this is not a nation-wide data, and gross ETE and widely invasive cancer are significant prognostic factors for DFS. The diagnosis of HCC by ultrasonography and cytopathology remains challenging.
Possible algorithms for determining adverse reactions caused by food supplements in Romania
Authors:   University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology „George Emil Palade”, MATRAN Irina Mihaela , MUNTEAN Daniela Lucia ,   University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology „George Emil Palade”, NICULAS Cristina ,   Richter Pharmacy no 7, MARTIN-HADMAS Roxana Maria ,   University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology „George Emil Palade”, TARCEA Monica ,   University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology „George Emil Palade”
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The advertising of food supplements on various media channels or in specialty stores with natural products and other places, as well as the lack of informative and educational programs for the population upon side effects and the interaction of food supplements with food and drugs, have led to the development of uncontrolled marketing of these products. Material and methods. PubMed, ResearchGate and EUR-Lex databases were analyzed during 2015-2021, based on search criteria based on: adverse reactions, ingredient new food, food supplements, algorithms. Results. Certain dietary supplements can cause multiple side effects, such as: impaired platelet function by decreased platelet aggregation, gastrointestinal side effects (diarrhea, vomiting), decreased wound healing/epithelialization, bacterial or fungal sepsis, most common in patients older. Herbal resources such as Aloe vera, Matricaria recutita, Taraxacum officinale and others, can cause dermatological side effects and inhibit the elimination of dermatological drugs metabolised by cytochrome P-450 (e.g. terbinafine). Matricaria recutita, Allium sativum, Mentha piperita L. and others, inhibit the enzyme CYP2C9. Another enzyme with a role in the metabolism of dermatological drugs and which is inhibited by plant resources is CYP3A4. Conclusions. It is imperative to legislate the reporting of adverse reactions caused by food supplements, including their interaction with food or drugs.
Concerns regarding the effects of the COVID19 pandemic on children health
Authors:   University of Bucharest, MARINESCU Valentina , RODIDEAL Anda Anca ,   University of Bucharest
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The unexpected situations (lockdown, online school, social distancing) introduced from March 2020 to stop the spread of COVID-19 in most countries worldwide, have affected every citizen. Currently, after more than a year and a half, one of the most affected categories are the children. There is growing concern among researchers about the pandemic impact on the physical, mental development and health of children. Material and methods. A quantitative research was conducted among parents and their children from a gymnasium school in Bucharest regarding the way they perceive how the pandemic restrictions changed their habits. The research methods used were online, using questionnaires created and applied through Google forms. No sample methods could be applied and about 40% of them responded in pairs parent-child. Results. The results showed that the impact of online schooling is not only about the learning effectiveness, but mostly related to the health and development of children who are at risk from the increased time spent on the Internet. Health issues like sedentary lifestyle, obesity, vision and posture impairment, spine problems have increased, being doubled by psychical and mental disorders: stress, isolation, anxiety, depression, lack of attention and concentration, as well as an increase in the number of children exposed to cyberbullying and other online risks. Conclusions. The study analysis showed that there are differences between parents and children's perceptions of the collateral side effects of the pandemic both on physical and mental health of children.
The role of boron in prevention of osteoarticular diseases and its distribution in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   National Agency for Public Health, RACU Maria-Victoria , SCOREI Ion Romulus ,   BioBoron Research Institute, PINZARU Iurie ,   National Agency for Public Health
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Boron is a trace mineral that is supposed to be essential for human health. Organic plant based boron compounds are highly bioavailable for humans and can positively influence minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and act in synergy with vitamin D, which are beneficial for osteoarticular health. Material and methods. We made an analysis of 126 bibliographic sources and mapped the Republic of Moldova to the content of boron in deep water and to the adults’ prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory polyarthropathy. Results. Boron is important for osteogenesis and its deficiency can lead to impaired growth and abnormal bones development. It supports bone health in postmenopausal women by reducing urinary loss of the minerals such as calcium, magnesium and phosphorus, which are essential for bone building. In countries where soil was depleted of boron and daily intake of this mineral was 1 mg or lower, the incidence of arthritis was between 20 and 70%. In Moldova, in the regions where boron concentration in deep drinking water were low (0.28 mg/L in well water and 0.51 mg/L in artesian well water) in Soroca in 2019, the prevalence with the rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory polyarthropathy were high (51.6 per 10000 inhabitants) with one exception, UTA Gagauzia (35.1 per 10000 inhabitants), where we found a high boron concentration in deep drinking water (2.05 mg/L in well water and 2.2 mg/L in artesian well water) in 2015. Conclusions. Boron can affect bone metabolism. In regions where boron concentration in deep drinking water is low, the osteoarticular morbidity can be higher with the exception of UTA Gagauzia, where we suppose that dietary pattern can be a cause of these results. In the future we will study eating habits in this region and a clearer conclusion will be made.
RIZOTOMIA E DISCECTOMIA ENDOSCÓPICA NO TRATAMENTO DA DOR LOMBAR CRÔNICA E RADICULOPATIA AGUDA NA SÍNDROME DA PESSOA RÍGIDA- RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Bacchi Gehlen Lenzi de Araújo Tatiane , Lenzi de Araújo Jonas , Morete Marcia , De Abreu Rodrigues Fabiano , José de Pinho Miranda Bruno
Published: October 2021

A síndrome da pessoa rígida (SPR) é um distúrbio neurológico raro, descrito pela primeira vez em 1956 por Moersch e Woltman. O quadro clínico apresenta início insidioso de achados clássicos de espasmos dolorosos episódicos, hiperreflexia, rigidez muscular axial, progredindo lentamente para os músculos proximais dos membros. A hiperlordose dolorosa devido à rigidez da coluna lombar é uma característica diagnóstica do SPS. RELATO DO CASO: Homem, 69 anos, com SPS há 40 anos, encaminhado pelo neurologista ao cirurgião de coluna por falha no manejo conservador da lombalgia crônica, dor radicular progressivo na perna ealteração da marcha. O exame físico é difícil de realizar na SPR porque desencadeia espasmos. A ressonância magnética apresentou degeneração nas articulações zigapofisárias, nos discos intervertebrais e muscular, incluindo hérnia discal L4L5 com migração cranial. Uma vez que não havia outras maneiras eficazes de gerenciar sua dor axial e radicular, foi decidido realizar discectomiaendoscópica transforaminal percutânea para descompressão de L4L5, rizotomia de radiofrequência ablativa do ramo medial do gânglio dorsal de L3 a S1 para aliviar a dor facetaria e rizotomia de radiofrequência pulsada do gânglio sensitivo dorsal L2 para modulação da dor lombar crônica. Após um ano de pós-operatório, o paciente apresentou melhora na EVA e no SF-36. CONCLUSÃO: A dor crônica relatada pelo paciente deve ser tratada nas dimensões biológica, psicológica e social. Compreender a multidimensionalidade dos fatores envolvidos com a dor permite planejar estratégias menos agressivas e altamente eficientes em pacientes incomuns e off label, como no caso do SPS. Descritores: Síndrome da Pessoa Rígida, Stiff-Person, Dor Crônica, discectomiaendoscópica, rizotomia ablativa, rizotomia pulsada, tratamento minimamente invasivo.
Real Liouvillian Extensions of Partial Differential Fields
Authors:   Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Crespo Teresa , Hajto Zbigniew ,   Jagiellonian University, Poland, Mohseni Rouzbeh ,   Jagiellonian University, Poland
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we establish Galois theory for partial differential systems defined over formally real differential fields with a real closed field of constants and over formally p-adic differential fields with a p-adically closed field of constants. For an integrable partial differential system defined over such a field, we prove that there exists a formally real (resp. formally p-adic) Picard-Vessiot extension. Moreover, we obtain a uniqueness result for this Picard-Vessiot extension. We give an adequate definition of the Galois differential group and obtain a Galois fundamental theorem in this setting. We apply the obtained Galois correspondence to characterise formally real Liouvillian extensions of real partial differential fields with a real closed field of constants by means of split solvable linear algebraic groups. We present some examples of real dynamical systems and indicate some possibilities of further development of algebraic methods in real dynamical systems.
POTENCIALIAI UŽTERŠTO DIRVOŽEMIO VERTINIMAS GARAŽŲ TERITORIJOJE
Authors: Oniūnaitė Aušrinė , Šerevičienė Vaida
Published: October 2021

Lietuvos geologijos tarnybos duomenimis, Vilniaus mieste yra 751 užteršta teritorija. Tyrimui buvo pasirinkta garažų teritorija, esanti netoli vakarinio aplinkkelio, Loretos Asanavičiūtės gatvėje. Pasirinktoje vietoje buvo paimti 55 mėginiai iš kelių skirtingų gylių (0–10; 10–20; 20–30 cm) ir atlikti tyrimai. Nustatyti dirvožemio parametrai, tokie kaip dirvožemio drėgnis, bendrosios anglies kiekis, dirvožemio rūgštingumas (pH), ir ištirtas sunkiųjų metalų Pb, Cu, Cr, Mn, Zn kiekis dirvožemyje. Nustatyta, kad visuose tirtuose mėginiuose dirvožemio pH buvo silpnai šarminis (8,51–9,29), bendrosios anglies kiekis nedidelis – svyravo nuo 0,04 iki 1,88 %. Sunkieji metalai aptikti visame plote ir visuose tirtuose gyliuose (0–10 cm; 0–20 cm; 20–30 cm). Gautos reikšmės buvo lyginamos su HN 60:2015 normoje esančiomis didžiausiomis leidžiamomis ribinėmis vertėmis. Daugiausia teritorijoje vyravo švinas (326,67 mg/kg) ir cinkas (425,20 mg/kg). Kiti metalai – chromas (325,50 mg/kg), manganas (1376,67 mg/kg) ir varis (1443,50 mg/kg) – tik keliuose mėginiuose viršijo anksčiau minėtoje higienos normoje leidžiamąsias ribines vertes.
BIOGENINIŲ MEDŽIAGŲ SRAUTŲ, PATENKANČIŲ Į EŽERUS PER Į JUOS ĮTEKANČIAS UPES, KANALUS IR GRIOVIUS, ANALIZĖ
Authors: Prišaitė Indrė , Bagdžiūnaitė-Litvinaitienė Lina , Litvinaitis Andrius
Published: October 2021

Mažas savaiminis ežerų apsivalymas, greitėjantys eutrofikacijos procesai ir prastėjanti vandens kokybė rodo, kad paviršiniai vandens telkiniai yra neigiamai paveikti antropogeninės taršos. Moksliniuose darbuose mažai nagrinėtas ir atliktas skirtingų ežerų, kurie turi tam tikrų savo ypatybių dėl antropogeninių veiksnių ir fizinių-geografinių sąlygų, vertinimas. Tyrimų objektu pasirinkti trys ežerai: Papis, prie kurio vykdoma ūkinė veikla ir yra žuvininkystės tvenkinių, Didžiulis, kurio ypatybė – žuvininkystės tvenkiniai, ir Kampuolis, aplink kurį nevyksta jokia ūkinė veikla, tačiau dėl nenustatytų priežasčių ežeras neatitinka geros būklės. Prie Papio ežero imami septyni mėginiai, įrengiami du hidrometriniai postai vandens lygiui matuoti. Prie Didžiulio ežero imami keturi mėginiai ir įrengiami keturi hidrometriniai postai, o prie Kampuolio imami trys mėginiai ir įrengiami trys hidrometriniai postai. Biogeninių medžiagų koncentracijos nustatomos HANNA daugiaparametriu fotometru, o jų srautai nustatomi nubraižius vagos ir slėnio dalies profilius. Specifinės priemonės ežerų ekologinei būklei pagerinti parenkamos individualiai kiekvienam vandens telkiniui, priklausomai nuo nustatytos problemos. Tyrimo laikotarpiu atlikti 102 vandens kokybės tyrimai 14 tyrimo vietų kovo–gegužės ir rugsėjo gruodžio mėnesiais. Nustatyta, kad apkrovos biogeninėmis medžiagomis tyrimo laikotarpiu kito dėsningai metų laiko ir žemės plotų naudojimo intensyvumo atžvilgiu. Parinktos priemonės nustatytiems taršos šaltiniams pašalinti. Papio ežero problemoms spręsti siūloma sustiprinti žuvininkystės tvenkinių kontrolę ir užtikrinti maksimalų buitinių nuotekų išvalymą. Kampuolio ežerui siūloma platinti pakrančių apsaugines juostas. Taip pat rekomenduotina atkurti Didžiulio ežero vandens lygį į patvankos projektinį vandens lygį. Kampuolio ežero baseine, siekiant išsiaiškinti realią situaciją, galimai buvusio sąvartyno teritorijoje siūlytina atlikti preliminarųjį ekogeologinį tyrimą, įvertinant grunto ir požeminio vandens taršą.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, CREDIT RISK, AND FINANCIAL LITERACY FOR SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mutamimah Mutamimah , Tholib Mochammad , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: October 2021

The problem of SMEs in Indonesia as a “high-risk borrower” that has not been resolved until today. The purposes of this study was to analyze the financial literacy as mediating between corporate governance and SMEs’ credit risk in Indonesia. This sample method used purposive sampling: 1273 units of Trade and Service SMEs fostered by Central Java that received credit in 2018. Twenty percent of the totals were taken, so the total was 255 samples. The data collection technique used questionnaires and interviews. The number of questionnaires distributed were 255 with a response rate of 95%, so resulting 242 respondents. Data analysis used descriptive and Regression Method. The corporate governance shown by responsibility, independence, and fairness did not affect SMEs’ credit risk. In other words, transparency and accountability is effective in reducing SMEs’ credit risk. Also, financial literacy can strengthen the influence of transparency, accountability, and responsibility in reducing credit risk for SMEs in Indonesia.
A Deep Search for Five Molecules in the 49 Ceti Debris Disk
Authors: Klusmeyer Jessica , Hughes A. Meredith , Matrà Luca , Flaherty Kevin , Kóspál Ágnes , Moór Attila , Roberge Aki , Öberg Karin , Boley Aaron , White Jacob , Wilner David , Ábrahám Péter
Published: October 2021

Surprisingly strong CO emission has been observed from more than a dozen debris disks around nearby main-sequence stars. The origin of this CO is unclear, in particular whether it is left over from the protoplanetary disk phase or is second-generation material released from collisions between icy bodies like debris dust. The primary unexplored avenue for distinguishing the origin of the material is understanding its molecular composition. Here we present a deep search for five molecules (CN, HCN, HCO+, SiO, and CH3OH) in the debris disk around 49 Ceti. We take advantage of the high sensitivity of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at Band 7 to integrate for 3.2 hr at modest spatial (1″) and spectral (0.8 km s−1) resolution. Our search yields stringent upper limits on the flux of all surveyed molecular lines, which imply abundances relative to CO that are orders of magnitude lower than those observed in protoplanetary disks and solar system comets, and also those predicted in outgassing models of second-generation material. However, if C i shielding is responsible for extending the lifetime of any CO produced in second-generation collisions as proposed by Kral et al., then the line ratios do not reflect true ice phase chemical abundances but rather imply that CO is shielded by its own photodissociation product, C i, and other molecules are rapidly photodissociated by the stellar and interstellar radiation field.
Revised Surface Abundances of R Coronae Borealis Stars
Authors: Pandey Gajendra , Hema B. P. , Reddy Arumalla B. S.
Published: October 2021

Surface abundances of 14 (11 majority class and three minority class) R Coronae Borealis stars (RCBs) along with the final-flash object, V4334 Sgr (Sakurai’s object) are revised based on their carbon abundances measured from the observed C2 bands; note that the earlier reported abundances were derived using an assumed carbon abundance due to the well-known carbon problem. The hot RCB star MV Sgr is not subject to a carbon problem; it is remarkable to note that MV Sgr’s carbon abundance lies in the range that is measured for the majority and minority class RCBs. The revised iron abundances for the RCBs are in the range

log
ϵ

(Fe) = 3.8 to

log
ϵ

(Fe) = 5.8 with the minority class RCB star V854 Cen at the lower end and the majority class RCB star R CrB at the higher end of this range. Indications are that the revised RCBs’ metallicity range is roughly consistent with the metal-poor population contained within the bulge. The revised abundances of RCBs are then compared with extreme helium stars (EHes), the hotter relatives of RCBs. Clear differences are observed between RCBs and EHes in their metallicity distribution, carbon abundances, and the abundance trends observed for the key elements. These abundances are further discussed in light of their formation scenarios.
Revisiting the Spectral Features of Ellerman Bombs and UV Bursts. I. Radiative Hydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Hong Jie , Li Ying , Ding M. D. , Hao Qi
Published: October 2021

Ellerman bombs (EBs) and UV bursts are both small-scale solar activities that occur in active regions. They are now believed to form at different heights in the lower atmosphere. In this paper, we use one-dimensional radiative hydrodynamic simulations to calculate various line profiles in response to heating in different atmospheric layers. We confirm that heating in the upper photosphere to the lower chromosphere can generate spectral features of typical EBs, while heating in the mid to upper chromosphere can generate spectral features of typical UV bursts. The intensity evolution of the Hα line wing in EBs shows a rise–plateau pattern, while that of the Si iv 1403 Å line center in UV bursts shows a rise–fall pattern. However, the predicted enhancement of the FUV continuum near 1400 Å for EBs is rarely reported and requires further observations to check it. With two heating sources or an extended heating source in the atmosphere, both EB and UV burst features could be reproduced simultaneously.
Stellar Populations of Spectroscopically Decomposed Bulge–Disk for S0 Galaxies from the CALIFA Survey
Authors: Pak Mina , Lee Joon Hyeop , Oh Sree , D’Eugenio Francesco , Colless Matthew , Jeong Hyunjin , Jeong Woong-Seob
Published: October 2021

We investigate the stellar population properties of bulges and disks separately for 34 S0s using integral-field spectroscopy from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey. The spatially resolved stellar age and metallicity of bulge and disk components are simultaneously estimated using the penalized pixel fitting method with photometrically defined weights for the two components. We find a tight correlation between age and metallicity for bulges, while the relation for disks has a larger scatter than that for bulges. This implies that the star formation histories of disks are more complicated than those of bulges. The bulges of high-mass S0s are mostly comparable in terms of metallicity, while bulges appear to be systematically more metal-rich than disks for low-mass S0s. The ages of bulges and disks in high-mass S0s appear to increase with local density. The bulge ages of low-mass S0s also increase with local density, but such a trend is not clear in the disk ages of low-mass S0s. In addition, the age difference between bulge and disk components (ΔAge) tends to increase with local density, for both high-mass and low-mass S0s. High-mass S0s have systematically greater ΔAge than low-mass S0s at a given local density. Our results indicate that the stellar mass significantly influences the evolution of S0 galaxies, but the environment also plays an important role in determining the evolution of bulges and disks at a given stellar mass.
The IceCube Pie Chart: Relative Source Contributions to the Cosmic Neutrino Flux
Authors: Bartos I. , Veske D. , Kowalski M. , Márka Z. , Márka S.
Published: October 2021

Neutrino events from IceCube have recently been associated with multiple astrophysical sources. Interestingly, these likely detections represent three distinct astrophysical source types: active galactic nuclei (AGNs), blazars, and tidal disruption events (TDEs). Here, we compute the expected contributions of AGNs, blazars, and TDEs to the overall cosmic neutrino flux detected by IceCube based on the associated events, IceCube’s sensitivity, and the source types’ astrophysical properties. We find that, despite being the most commonly identified sources, blazars cannot contribute more than 11% of the total flux (90% credible level), consistent with existing limits from stacked searches. On the other hand, we find that either AGNs or TDEs could contribute more than 50% of the total flux (90% credible level), although stacked searches further limit the TDE contribution to ≲30%. We also find that so-far unknown source types contribute at least 10% of the total cosmic flux with a probability of 80%. We assemble a pie chart that shows the most likely fractional contribution of each source type to IceCube’s total neutrino flux.
Self-modulation of Cosmic Rays in Molecular Clouds: Imprints in the Radio Observations
Authors: Dogiel V. A. , Chernyshov D. O. , Ivlev A. V. , Kiselev A. M. , Kopyev A. V.
Published: October 2021

We analyze properties of nonthermal radio emission from the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) and from individual molecular clouds, and argue that the observed features can be interpreted in the framework of our recent theory of self-modulation of cosmic rays (CRs) penetrating dense molecular regions. For clouds with gas column densities of ∼1023 cm−2, the theory predicts depletion of sub-GeV CR electrons, occurring due to self-modulation of CR protons and leading to harder synchrotron spectra in the sub-GHz range. The predicted imprints of electron depletion in the synchrotron spectra agree well with the spectral hardening seen in available radio observations of the CMZ. A similar, but even stronger, effect on the synchrotron emission is predicted for individual (denser) CMZ clouds, such as the Sgr B2. However, the emission at frequencies above ∼GHz, where observational data are available, is completely dominated by the thermal component, and therefore new observations at lower frequencies are needed to verify the predictions.