bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparation of polyurethane coating formulation based on dihydropyridine derivatives as an insecticide and antifungal additives for surface coating applications
Authors: Awad Mohamed A. , Saleh N. M. , Elsawy M. M. , Salem Salem S. , Abd El-Wahab H.
Published: November 2022

Pyridine derivatives are prepared and evaluated before being incorporated into polyurethane coating formulations to create antifungal and insecticidal coating compositions. Different analyses, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), mass, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectra, were used to confirm the synthesized compounds. The material has been coated using a polyurethane coating mixture. Gloss, scratch resistance, flexibility, and adhesion are some of the coating attributes investigated; mechanical capabilities include impact resistance and shore hardness, and physicochemical properties such as chemical resistance of coated polyurethane (PU) samples are also investigated. PU coatings were applied to substrates to measure coating properties. The mechanical properties of the PU cast films were measured. The results of the experiments revealed that all PU coatings based on dihydropyridine derivatives had good scratch resistance which varied from > 1.5 to > 2 kg. While reducing gloss value varied from 65 to 85, there is no effect of the prepared compounds in the other mechanical test. These PU coatings have excellent chemical resistance except the alkali resistance as evidenced by their physicochemical properties. The observed antifungal and insecticide activities indicated that dry wood coated with PU based on dihydropyridine derivatives is promising for resistance to these insects and fungi, in comparison with the paint as blank. The results revealed that the inhibition zones diameter by compound 2 were 25.1 ± 0.69, 23.2 ± 0.94, 20.16 ± 0.62, 20 ± 0.80, and 18 ± 0.81 mm against A. terreus, A. niger, A. flavus, C. albicans, and A. fumigatus, respectively, whereas the inhibition zones (IZ) diameter by compound 3 were 22.56 ± 0.30, 21.03 ± 0.49, 21.03 ± 0.61, 21 ± 0.66, and 20 ± 0.78 mm versus A. niger, A. fumigatus A. flavus, C. albicans, and A. terreus, respectively. The ordering activity against insects increased as the dose concentration of the pyridine derivatives was increased.
How much does a forensic autopsy cost in Spain?
Authors: Martín-Cazorla Fernando , Ramos-Medina Valentín , Rubio-Lamia Leticia , Santos-Amaya Ignacio , Jódar-Sánchez Francisco
Published: November 2022

Introduction and objectives

The autopsy is considered the gold standard in death investigation. Performing an autopsy requires human and material resources that must be programmed in order to meet the demands of the judicial system. However, as far as we know, the cost of forensic autopsy in Spain has not been determined. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate the cost of a standard autopsy in order to organise Forensic Pathology Services more efficiently.

Material and methods

A micro-cost analysis was carried out. The nominal group technique was applied using a panel of 10 forensic experts in order to identify and quantify the resources associated with a forensic autopsy.

Results

The results showed that analysis and studies are the most important item in the total cost (54.7%), followed by staff (20.5%), preservation of body (14%), single-use products (7%), equipment and stock (1.6%), cleaning and disinfection (1.5%), facilities maintenance (0.5%) and IT (0.2%).

Conclusions

The total cost of a standard autopsy was €1501.45, which is lower than the European average. This study is the first in Spain to calculate the unit price of a forensic autopsy by means of micro-cost analysis. This may help to address the way forensic pathology centres are organised at different levels of complexity.
A Fibroblastic Reticular Cell Tumour Arising in the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Walsh Hannah , Brierley Daniel , Patterson Alan , Fernando Malee
Published: November 2022

Background

Tumours of dendritic or histiocytic lineage are amongst the rarest tumours and probably account for < 1% of tumours affecting the lymph nodes or soft tissue. Because several of these entities were poorly recognised until recently, the true incidence is not determined.

Methods

We present what we believe is the first reported case report of a fibroblastic reticular cell tumour arising in the oral cavity as well as reviewing the current literature regarding this rare subset of tumours.

Results

We discuss the clinical and histopathological findings of our reported case and examine the literature regarding this entity. We discuss the key differential diagnoses to consider when making this diagnosis.

Conclusion

Histiocytic and dendritic cell derived tumours are exceptionally rare within the head and neck region although a number of these tumours have been reported within the oral cavity. We present what we believe is the first reported case of a fibroblastic reticular cell tumour arising within the oral cavity.
Mindful Parenting Mediated Between Mothers’ Perceived Stress During COVID-19 and Child Adjustment
Authors: Cheung Rebecca Y. M. , Wang Iris Yili
Published: November 2022

Objectives

Maternal stress is associated with a myriad of maladjusted outcomes among children. To identify the role of mindful parenting between mothers’ stress and child adjustment during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study tested competing hypotheses with mothers’ mindful parenting as a mediator versus a moderator.

Methods

A total of 172 Chinese mothers of preschool-aged children participated in this study. Participants completed a self-report measure of stress during COVID-19 and mindful parenting, as well as a mother-report measure of children’s prosocial behavior, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems. Structural equation models were conducted to examine the mediation versus moderation effects of mindful parenting between mothers’ stress during COVID-19 and child adjustment, after controlling for family income, children’s age, sex, and adjustment at baseline.

Results

Findings indicated that mindful parenting mediated the link between mothers’ stress during COVID-19 and child adjustment, including internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior. A test of competing hypothesis showed that mindful parenting did not moderate between mothers’ stress during COVID-19 and child adjustment.

Conclusions

This study revealed the mediating effects of mindful parenting between mothers’ perceived stress during COVID-19 and child adjustment. The findings inform researchers and practitioners about mindful parenting as a potential mechanism between maternal stress and child adjustment during the pandemic.
Antitumor effects of lactate transport inhibition on esophageal adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Grasa Laura , Chueca Eduardo , Arechavaleta Samantha , García-González María Asunción , Sáenz María Ángeles , Valero Alberto , Hördnler Carlos , Lanas Ángel , Piazuelo Elena
Published: November 2022

As a consequence of altered glucose metabolism, cancer cell intake is increased, producing large amounts of lactate which is pumped out the cytosol by monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). MCT 1 and MCT4 are frequently overexpressed in tumors, and recently, MCT inhibition has been reported to exert antineoplastic effects. In the present study, MCT1 and MCT4 levels were assessed in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cells and the effects of the MCT-1 selective inhibitor AZD3965, hypoxia, and a glucose overload were evaluated in vitro. Two EAC cell lines (OE33 and OACM5.1C) were treated with AZD3965 (10–100 nM) under different conditions (normoxia/hypoxia) and also different glucose concentrations, and parameters of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, intracellular pH (pHi), and lactate levels were evaluated. MCT1 was present in both cell lines whereas MCT4 was expressed in OE33 cells and only in a small proportion of OACM5.1C cells. Glucose addition did not have any effect on apoptosis nor cell proliferation. AZD3965 increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation of OACM5.1C cells, effects which were abrogated when cells were growing in hypoxia. MCT1 inhibition increased intracellular lactate levels in all the cells evaluated, but this increase was higher in cells expressing only MCT1 and did not affect oxidative stress. AZD3965 induced a decrease in pHi of cells displaying low levels of MCT4 and also increased the sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE-1) expression on these cells. These data provide in vitro evidence supporting the potential of MCT inhibitors as novel antineoplastic drugs for EAC and highlight the importance of achieving a complete MCT inhibition.
Study of thermal decomposition of hay-based activated biocarbons modified with nanolayers of ionic polyacrylamide
Authors: Wiśniewska Małgorzata , Sternik Dariusz , Nowicki Piotr , Pietrzak Robert , Nosal-Wiercińska Agnieszka
Published: November 2022

The thermal behaviour of hay-based activated carbons modified with adsorption nanolayers of ionic polymers were investigated. The anionic and cationic forms of polyacrylamides (PAM) with different contents of ionizable groups were applied. Using spectrophotometry, potentiometric titration, microelectrophoresis, DCS (Differential Centrifugal Sedimentation) and thermal analysis methods, the adsorption and electrokinetic, properties, as well as thermal stability of studied activated biocarbons—PAM systems were established. It was shown that PAM adsorbed amounts on the activated biocarbon surfaces were considerably higher for cationic polyacrylamides than for anionic ones. The conducted TG-DSC-FTIR/MS analysis in helium showed a significant influence of the synthesis conditions on the content of oxygen surface groups of activated biocarbons obtained in conventional or microwave muffle furnace. The measurements carried out in the oxidizing atmosphere for the polymer-modified samples showed similarity to the original materials and were characterized by three main stages of decomposition: dehydration, decomposition of surface functional groups and, at high temperatures—combustion process. The main decomposition products were CO2 and H2O.
Stationsersetzende Maßnahmen: neue Versorgungsperspektive für Österreich
Authors: Plener Paul L. , Frottier Patrick M.
Published: November 2022

Während intensive, aufsuchende Behandlungsformen in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie in vielen Ländern bereits erfolgreich evaluiert und etabliert wurden, ist die Entwicklung in diesem Bereich in Österreich am Beginn stehend. Im Zuge des sogenannten home-treatments erfolgt eine Behandlung von Patientinnen und Patienten, die aufgrund der Schwere ihrer Erkrankung ansonsten im stationären Setting behandelt werden würden durch ein multiprofessionelles Team im eigenen Haushalt. Das erlaubt unter anderem eine bessere Generalisierbarkeit therapeutischer Fortschritte und eine intensive Zusammenarbeit mit dem Familiensystem. Stationsersetzende Maßnahmen wie das home-treatment haben das Potenzial unabhängig von baulichen Strukturen eine intensive therapeutische Option darzustellen. Ein Ausbau dieser Behandlungsform basierend auf evaluierten Modellprojekten ist auch im österreichischen Gesundheitssystem wünschenswert.
Influence of TOD Modes on Passenger Travel Behavior in Urban Rail Transit Systems
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Xiao Qiming , Zhu Yadi , Yang Yuting
Published: November 2022

Transit-oriented development (TOD) mode refers to the integrated development of high-density and multi-functional land in the vicinity of core public transportation stations to increase public transportation rates and address problems such as traffic congestion and land shortages. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend the relationship between TOD areas and the travel behavior of rail transit residents. However, the income level and occupation of residents have a significant impact on their travel behavior, as people tend to choose their residential, work, and entertainment areas based on their economic characteristics. This paper focuses primarily on two aspects: how to distinguish TOD areas from non-TOD areas (specifically, rail stations) and the variations in the travel behavior of the people residing in these areas. Rail stations were first classified via cluster analysis according to the selected TOD indexes; then, a propensity score matching method was applied to control the influence of self-selection behavior. Based on this, the matched results were analyzed to study the difference in the travel behavior characteristics of residents in TOD and non-TOD areas. The results indicate that residents in TOD areas are more likely to travel by public transportation than those from non-TOD areas. The findings of this study promote a people-oriented urban planning concept and would have practical implications for applications of TOD modes on urban public transportation systems.
Between Saying and Not Saying
Authors: Schröter Melani
Published: November 2022

This contribution focusses on forms and functions of explicit silence in user comments on the Facebook page of the New Right political party Alternative für Deutschland and on the way in which they allow users to participate in the communication while withholding content. These explicit silences create vagueness and ambiguity which users exploit to at the same time insinuate, adhere to, and scandalise taboos.
Variation of tap-water isotope ratios and municipal water sources across Kyiv city, Ukraine
Authors: Avery Elizabeth , Samonina Olena , Vyshenska Iryna , Fryar Alan E. , Erhardt Andrea M.
Published: November 2022

Stable isotopes of water allow researchers to examine water pathways and better understand spatial and temporal variability in mixtures of municipal water sources. In regions such as Kyiv (Ukraine), with a water supply that is vulnerable to the effects of climate change, pollution, and geopolitical conflict, such understanding is critical for effective water management. Trends in stable isotope values and water sources can function as a confirmation of municipal data. Additionally, these data can provide an early signal for the effects of climate change on these sources, reducing uncertainty from physical measurements.

For this study, tap water, surface water, and groundwater were collected over 14 months in Kyiv and nearby Boryspil, Brovary, and Boyarka and measured for hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) stable isotopes. The stable isotope values from the tap water for each district show a general seasonal trend in water sources, with more groundwater used in the supply in the winter for most districts. Spatially, groundwater use increases from south to north in the left-bank districts in Kyiv city and groundwater use generally decreases from south to north in the right-bank districts. As precipitation patterns shift and temperatures increase, the reliance on particular water sources may need to shift as well. Overall, δ2H and δ18O data provide a baseline expectancy for current water use throughout the year and, from this, deviations can be assessed early.
Efficacy and Safety of Different Mechanical Ventilation Strategies for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Wenqi , Wang Pengfei , Huang Bin , Chen Xiaodong , Du Hu , Cao Yunxing , Sun Hang , Zhang An
Published: November 2022

Objective

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) leads to life-threatening acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and requires mechanical ventilation. However, there is a lack of certainty regarding recruitment maneuvers (RMs) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels. Therefore, we performed a network meta-analysis to identify the optimal RM and PEEP levels of patients with ARDS.

Methods

We searched the PubMed, OVID and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Central) databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was death on the 28th day, and the secondary outcomes included in-hospital death, ventilator-free days, and barotrauma. The relative effect sizes were estimated by risk ratios (RRs) for binary variables and standard mean difference (SMD) for continuous variables. The efficacy of the interventions was ranked using surface under the cumulative ranking. Multiple intervention comparisons based on the Bayesian framework were performed to integrate the efficacy of all included strategies.

Results

Thirteen RCTs comprising 4410 patients were included in the network meta-analysis. In terms of death at 28 days, inconsistencies were found globally and locally in the tests. None of the ventilation strategies was significantly superior to the others on any outcomes. According to the relative rank probabilities, RM + lower PEEP levels showed the highest probability of reducing the risk of in-hospital death and reducing ventilator-free days. Lower PEEP levels showed the highest probability of benefitting barotrauma. The overall quality of the evidence per grade was moderate to low.

Conclusions

The no ventilation strategy is significantly superior to the other strategies. RM + lower PEEP levels has the highest probability of benefitting survival. The evidence has low overall quality and should be further studied.
Reassessing Joseph Bonomi the Elder: The Hawksmoor Prize Essay 2021
Authors: Barraclough Rosanna
Published: November 2022

In the early nineteenth century, Joseph Bonomi the Elder (1739–1808) was one of the best-known architects in Britain — so much so that he figured in Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility (1811) — but his reputation subsequently declined and diminished to the extent that, in the current literature on British architecture of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, he is little more than a footnote. In a circular process, this excision directly contributed to the demolition of some of his most important work — above all, Rosneath House in Dunbartonshire — on the grounds that it was designed by an architect of little importance, which in turn makes it all the harder to recapture and appraise his architecture. The article explores both the reasons for the excision and the nature of Bonomi’s work. Drawing on the limited available evidence as well as hitherto unused construction drawings of Rosneath, the article repositions Bonomi as an Italian architect working in London — first for the Adam brothers and then on his own account — and examines the qualities of his designs and the factors that led to him being excluded from the inner circle of the artistic establishment, most notably the Royal Academy. In doing so, it sheds new light both on developments in neoclassicism in the period, specifically the ‘stripped down’ style that Bonomi espoused, and on the xenophobic and anti-Catholic currents in London at the time, which appear to have continued to influence his posthumous reputation.
A Gothic Vision: James Goold, William Wardell and the Building of St Patrick’s Cathedral, Melbourne, 1850–97
Authors: Colleoni Paola
Published: November 2022

St Patrick’s Cathedral in Melbourne is among the largest Gothic revival churches built in the nineteenth century, matching in size the medieval cathedrals that inspired its design. The history of the commission reveals the role played by the first Roman Catholic bishop of Melbourne, James Alipius Goold, who was acquainted with A. W. N. Pugin’s theories of the Gothic revival and who promoted the construction of churches true to Pugin’s principles. After two failed attempts at smaller structures, and in the wake of the gold rush in Victoria, Goold in 1858 commissioned the newly arrived architect William Wilkinson Wardell to design a cathedral of unprecedented monumental proportions. Wardell’s design, rooted in an archaeologically correct approach to medieval precedent, was widely praised by colonial society, which favoured massive buildings reminiscent of those found in Europe. Furthermore, with its French-inspired apse and radiating chapels, St Patrick’s highlighted a connection to Catholic religious tradition particularly resonant for its largely Irish congregation. The design stands apart from High Victorian developments in the Gothic revival seen in England in the 1850s, as colonial patrons favoured a more conservative approach. St Patrick’s exemplifies several of the trends that influenced the revival of Gothic architecture in the Australian colonies, while also representing the desire of the Catholic Church to establish its position throughout the wider British empire.
The Workers Who Built the University of Glasgow, 1867–71
Authors: Sharples Joseph
Published: November 2022

This article discusses the workers who built the first phase of George Gilbert Scott’s University of Glasgow between 1867 and 1871. It takes as its starting point an address presented to the contractor, John Thompson of Peterborough, which is inscribed with the names of more than 900 of his employees. Names of manual workers are seldom preserved, which makes this document an exceptional record of the individuals employed on the construction of a major Victorian building. Using online genealogy databases to search census returns and records of births, marriages and deaths, the author has identified more than 100 of the workers named. The article discusses their recruitment, their experiences before coming to Glasgow, their circumstances while working on the university and their subsequent careers. By focusing on the workers rather than on the building’s celebrated architect or the distinguished institution that commissioned it, the article offers a fresh, decentred view of a familiar monument. A major theme that emerges is the workers’ geographical mobility, which sheds new light on the nineteenth-century development of long-distance contracting.
‘As Efficient as a Factory’: Architectural and Managerial Discourses on Government Office Buildings in Belgium, 1919–39
Authors: Maele Jens Van de
Published: November 2022

This article investigates the impact of managerial ideologies on projects for new governmental office buildings in Belgium in the 1920s and 1930s. Following the prewar publication of F. W. Taylor’s ‘scientific management’ theories, the scientisation of office activities was propagated by efficiency experts throughout the western world. In Belgium, as in France, the work of the mining engineer Henri Fayol was particularly influential. According to Fayol, private and public bureaucracies had to follow identical managerial principles, notably that all employees were to observe one another as much as possible. These ideas of visibility overlapped with the emphasis on transparency and open planning coming from quite a different quarter, namely Le Corbusier, Hannes Meyer and other modernist architects in the 1920s and 1930s. Yet how Fayol’s ideal was to be realised without compromising the traditional need for privacy for high-ranking office workers remained unresolved. The article explores the ideas of two crucial expert groups — architects and managerial experts — over these issues as they developed in Belgium in the inter-war years. In the 1920s, the mining engineer Max-Léo Gérard called for ministerial buildings that facilitated ‘collaborative work’ and the information scientist Paul Otlet advocated an ideal type of government offices based on an architectural diagram that facilitated mutual observation. In the 1930s, the architect Stanislas Jasinski proposed remodelling the centre of Brussels as a series of office blocks, in a design copied from Le Corbusier’s cruciform skyscrapers in the Plan Voisin. Such ideas received official endorsement with the Royal Commissariat for Administrative Reform under Louis Camu, which proposed to strengthen the societal role of governmental bureaucracy by rehousing the civil service in an enormous office complex close to the parliament. Contrasting with the idealism of these unrealised plans was one of the few government projects actually built, the Ministry of Science and Arts headquarters designed in 1929 by the in-house architect Georges Hano.
The Bureaucratisation of Architecture in Post-War Italy: SGI under Aldo Samaritani, 1945–73
Authors: Spina Davide
Published: November 2022

In Italy following the second world war, the Vatican-controlled real-estate developer and contractor Società Generale Immobiliare (SGI) emerged as a major force in the country’s reconstruction process. From its Rome headquarters, the ‘Leviathan’ (as the journalist Antonio Cederna called it) devised, delivered and managed dozens of schemes across the peninsula — from residential and commercial developments to industrial, road transport and water infrastructure. None of this would have been possible without the establishment, immediately after the end of the war, of a centralised administrative system coordinating the work of the company’s 10,000 employees. Making use of the company’s unpublished documents, this article examines the bureaucratisation of SGI’s design and construction processes in the period 1945–73. It looks at the development of the company’s in-house information management system; the criteria it adopted in appointing its architectural staff; the modernisation of the company’s office space in Rome; the predicament of the architects on its payroll; its use of high-profile ‘signature’ architects for prestige projects; and the firm’s later adoption of project management techniques developed in the United States. It also looks at the way that the company exploited national and municipal planning regulations (and the gaps within them) to produce building types and urban configurations not previously seen in Italy. Overall, the article situates SGI’s ‘bureaucratic drift’ in the context of the increasingly corporate and specialised professional world of post-war western architecture.
Bureaucratic Reforms as Triggers of Experimental Design: KBS and Public Building in Sweden, 1963–74
Authors: Sigge Erik
Published: November 2022

This article explores the relationship between architecture and public administration at the Swedish National Board of Public Building (Kungl. Byggnadsstyrelsen, or KBS) in the years 1963–74. This government agency, which existed from 1918 to 1993, was in charge of planning, designing, producing and maintaining public service buildings and facilities. During the 1960s, it was subject to a number of major administrative reforms which, by rationalising the organisation’s activities, sought to make both the construction and maintenance of buildings more cost-effective for the taxpayer. These reforms paralleled rationalisation efforts in the field of architectural design, where structural and material efficiency were sought in the adoption of large-scale systems. The administrative reforms thus went beyond the reorganisation of departments and work priorities to permeate all aspects of the agency’s activities. The article presents the architectural activities of KBS as innovative and experimental responses to bureaucratic structures and requirements. Examination of the design and building processes of three projects — the national telecom headquarters in Farsta, the Garnisonen office complex in central Stockholm and Linköping University — uncovers some of the administrative structures deployed at KBS, and the creative and novel architectural solutions triggered by their integration into design and planning practices.
Neither Perfect Nor Ideal: Palladio’s Villa Rotonda
Authors: Hopkins Andrew
Published: November 2022

This article demonstrates that the most celebrated building designed by Andrea Palladio, widely known as the Villa Rotonda and begun around 1566, was left only partially constructed at the time of the architect’s death in 1580 and that, as a villa design, it was neither perfect nor ideal. Drawing on detailed records of the construction work carried out in the 1590s, the article shows that much of the villa was constructed or altered after Palladio died, in significant part so as to deal with practical difficulties and deficiencies inherent in the design originally published in Palladio’s treatise. Scholars in general have come to recognise that the Villa Rotonda is something of a palimpsest. However, it has not been properly understood that the building was largely constructed not as an adjusted scheme devised by Palladio, but rather as a strategically revised concept for a villa developed after Palladio’s time by Vincenzo Scamozzi. This preserved something of the original scheme as a hilltop belvedere — especially its outward appearance as a domed and isolated block with four near-identical porticoes — but it adapted what had been built, which was far from complete, to a much more practical vision of the requirements of rural life. What was built during this later period then remained intact until the late eighteenth century.
The role of the clinical pharmacist in antimicrobial stewardship in Asia: A review
Authors: Jantarathaneewat Kittiya , Camins Bernard , Apisarnthanarak Anucha
Published: November 2022

Clinical pharmacist-driven antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been successfully implemented. Although relevant guidance and several studies suggest that clinical pharmacists be integrated into the current ASP team model, barriers still exist in Asia, primarily due to lack of dedicated personnel and lack of career advancement. We review the effectiveness and the ideal role of clinical pharmacist among ASPs in Asia. Several studies conducted in Asia have shown the effectiveness of pharmacist-led ASP interventions in hospitals and other healthcare settings. However, opportunities to expand the role of clinical pharmacists in ASPs in Asia exist in the implementation of rapid diagnostic test and drug allergies.
‘Master Smokey Swyne’s-Flesh’: Francis Bacon and the responses to the Edward Squire conspiracy
Authors: Stewart Alan
Published: November 2022

Francis Bacon’s A Letter written out of England to an English Gentleman remaining at Padua, published anonymously around February 1599, reported the alleged plot against the life of Elizabeth I contrived between Edward Squire and the Jesuit Richard Walpole. Widely understood as the official government publication on the Squire affair, it was answered by a number of exiled English Catholic writers, most notably Martin Aray and Thomas Fitzherbert, who identified its anonymous author, and launched a detailed attack on his account of the Squire affair. This article analyzes those responses to argue that Bacon’s Letter was a belated entry in the government propaganda campaign. It forwarded a streamlined and simply anti-Jesuit narrative, rather than the rather muddled version of events that had previously emerged from the interrogations, trial, and early government publications.
Embodiment
Authors: Tschacher Wolfgang , Storch Maja , Hüther Gerald , Cantieni Benita
Published: November 2022

Warum fällt es vielen Menschen so schwer, achtsam mit dem eigenen Körper umzugehen? Warum ist das Befassen mit dem eigenen Körper oft mit Peinlichkeit besetzt? Warum gilt nur als intelligent, wer Würfel im Raum drehen und lange Wörterlisten auswendig lernen kann? Warum geben Menschen die Autorität über ihren physischen Körper so bereitwillig ab an eine Wissenschaft, die ihn in scheinbar unzusammenhängende Einzelteile aufteilt?
Maja Storch, Benita Cantieni, Gerald Hüther und Wolfgang Tschacher gehen in „Embodiment“ diesen Fragen nach und kommen einmütig zum Schluss: Es ist höchste Zeit, das wichtigste Erfahrungsinstrument des Menschen zurückzuerobern: den Körper. Sie fordern, das Prinzip Embodiment zu berücksichtigen. Wer Menschen berät, therapiert und erforscht, muss immer auch den Körper einbeziehen.
Maja Storch beleuchtet, warum und wie die Psyche im Körper wohnt und wie im Zürcher-Ressourcen-Modell-Training (ZRM-Training) mit Embodiment gearbeitet wird. Wolfgang Tschacher zeigt auf, weshalb die Abspaltung des Geistes vom Körper nicht funktionieren kann. Gerald Hüther schildert, wie sich das gut funktionierende Gehirn und der gut funktionierende Körper gegenseitig bedingen. Benita Cantieni liefert schließlich das anatomische Angebot: Richten Sie sich auf, richten Sie sich in Ihrem Körper ein.
Für die 4. Auflage wurde der gesamte Text aktualisiert und überarbeitet.
Dam Impacts on Seasonality of Water and Sediment Transport in Intensively Managed River Basins: A Case Study of the Yangtze River
Authors: Tian Q. , Xu K. H. , Wang Y. P. , Liang C. J.
Published: November 2022

Extensive studies have been performed on water and sediment transport of the Yangtze River in recent decades, but very few studies were focused on seasonal and daily variations. After the construction of Three Gorges Dam (TGD) in 2003, several key cascade dams were built on the Yangtze upstream. Annual, monthly, and daily data were used to study the seasonality change on water level, water discharge, and sediment load in response to multiple reservoir impoundments. TGD impacted the water level inside the reservoir greatly by shifting the peak water level from summer to winter and made the hydrograph more asymmetrical. In contrast, minor changes in water levels (<2 m) occurred at stations downstream of the TGD mainly due to channel incision. Downstream of TGD at Yichang station, annual hydrograph was flattened slightly: water discharge in the dry season increased 49% whereas that of flood season decreased 14% from 1956–2002 to 2013–2017. Mean annual water discharge downstream of the TGD was slightly impacted because the impounded water was <5% of annual inflow of the reservoir. Comparing with the Yangtze, the annual hydrographs of other intensively managed rivers like the Yellow, Missouri, and Colorado have been flattened more effectively by reservoir impoundments. The sediment rating curves at Yichang and Hankou changed from an oval‐like shape before 2013 to two overlapping and flattened lines in 2013–2017. This shift indicates that the rising and falling limbs of the hydrograph experienced similar sediment concentrations in 2013–2017 and suggests a less obvious hysteresis effect. Over 50% of the sediment load observed at the seaward‐most Datong station was contributed by the large tributaries in the upper reach, like Jinsha and Jialing rivers, before 2003. The channel scour downstream of TGD contributed 49%–64% of the Datong sediment load after 2003.
Compact Shortened V‐Band Conical Dielectric Core Horns Corrected by Lenses
Authors: Gil J. M.
Published: November 2022

A procedure of designing ultra‐short conical horns corrected by lenses, is boarded at this work. The method takes advantages of the axisymmetric character of the conical horns to project the problem to a bidimensional mesh, reducing the computational time and making easy the optimization of the device. This approach is not used for most popular commercial codes which employ a 3D analysis of the whole antenna. Horn antennas exhibit some remarkable radiation characteristics as they are high directivity, low crosspolar level and symmetric patterns with low return losses on a reasonable bandwidth. The price to pay is handle devices very long and weighed, so it is demanding to find lines of design to shorten and make compact horns to be incorporated to the current communication systems. In this work, we show the advantages to use a double convex lens together with a dielectric core, added to the horn, to achieve a compact and shortened horn maintaining a good performance. Conical horns, of a size as small as one wavelength, can be achieved. To reach such shortening, a double convex lens and a dielectric core must be added to the antenna. The parameters of the final prototype, at 60 GHz, are the following: Length: ≈λ, Directivity = 20 dBi, Cross polar Peak = −19.1 dB, Beam width on copular plane = 18.3°, Side Lobe Levels lower than −20 dB (both H and E plane), Return losses = −30.7 dB, and presenting an smooth frequency behavior on a wide bandwidth.
LINC01468 drives NAFLD-HCC progression through CUL4A-linked degradation of SHIP2
Authors: Wang Hongquan , Wang Yan , Lai Shihui , Zhao Liang , Liu Wenhui , Liu Shiqian , Chen Haiqiang , Wang Jinhua , Du Guanhua , Tang Bo
Published: November 2022

Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and play a role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the current understanding of the role of lncRNAs in NAFLD-associated HCC is limited. In this study, transcriptomic profiling analysis of three paired human liver samples from patients with NAFLD-driven HCC and adjacent samples showed that LINC01468 expression was significantly upregulated. In vitro and in vivo gain- and loss-of-function experiments showed that LINC01468 promotes the proliferation of HCC cells through lipogenesis. Mechanistically, LINC01468 binds SHIP2 and promotes cullin 4 A (CUL4A)-linked ubiquitin degradation, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, resulting in the promotion of de novo lipid biosynthesis and HCC progression. Importantly, the SHIP2 inhibitor reversed the sorafenib resistance induced by LINC01468 overexpression. Moreover, ALKBH5-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification led to stabilization and upregulation of LINC01468 RNA. Taken together, the findings indicated a novel mechanism by which LINC01468-mediated lipogenesis promotes HCC progression through CUL4A-linked degradation of SHIP2. LINC01468 acts as a driver of HCC progression from NAFLD, highlights the potential of the LINC01468-SHIP2 axis as a therapeutic target for HCC.
Robust replication initiation from coupled homeostatic mechanisms
Authors: Berger Mareike , Wolde Pieter Rein ten
Published: November 2022

The bacterium Escherichia coli initiates replication once per cell cycle at a precise volume per origin and adds an on average constant volume between successive initiation events, independent of the initiation size. Yet, a molecular model that can explain these observations has been lacking. Experiments indicate that E. coli controls replication initiation via titration and activation of the initiator protein DnaA. Here, we study by mathematical modelling how these two mechanisms interact to generate robust replication-initiation cycles. We first show that a mechanism solely based on titration generates stable replication cycles at low growth rates, but inevitably causes premature reinitiation events at higher growth rates. In this regime, the DnaA activation switch becomes essential for stable replication initiation. Conversely, while the activation switch alone yields robust rhythms at high growth rates, titration can strongly enhance the stability of the switch at low growth rates. Our analysis thus predicts that both mechanisms together drive robust replication cycles at all growth rates. In addition, it reveals how an origin-density sensor yields adder correlations.
Neural circuit dynamics of drug-context associative learning in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Sun Yanjun , Giocomo Lisa M.
Published: November 2022

The environmental context associated with previous drug consumption is a potent trigger for drug relapse. However, the mechanism by which neural representations of context are modified to incorporate information associated with drugs of abuse remains unknown. Using longitudinal calcium imaging in freely behaving mice, we find that unlike the associative learning of natural reward, drug-context associations for psychostimulants and opioids are encoded in a specific subset of hippocampal neurons. After drug conditioning, these neurons weakened their spatial coding for the non-drug paired context, resulting in an orthogonal representation for the drug versus non-drug context that was predictive of drug-seeking behavior. Furthermore, these neurons were selected based on drug-spatial experience and were exclusively tuned to animals’ allocentric position. Together, this work reveals how drugs of abuse alter the hippocampal circuit to encode drug-context associations and points to the possibility of targeting drug-associated memory in the hippocampus.
Connecting multiple microenvironment proteomes uncovers the biology in head and neck cancer
Authors: Busso-Lopes Ariane F. , Neves Leandro X. , Câmara Guilherme A. , Granato Daniela C. , Pretti Marco Antônio M. , Heberle Henry , Patroni Fábio M. S. , Sá Jamile , Yokoo Sami , Rivera César , Domingues Romênia R. , Normando Ana Gabriela C. , De Rossi Tatiane , Mello Barbara P. , Galdino Nayane A. L. , Pauletti Bianca A. , Lacerda Pammela A. , Rodrigues André Afonso N. , Casarim André Luis M. , de Lima-Souza Reydson A. , Damas Ingrid I. , Mariano Fernanda V. , Gollob Kenneth J. , Medina Tiago S. , Cervigne Nilva K. , Prado-Ribeiro Ana Carolina , Brandão Thaís Bianca , Villa Luisa L. , Uno Miyuki , Boroni Mariana , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , González-Arriagada Wilfredo Alejandro , Paes Leme Adriana F.
Published: November 2022

The poor prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with metastasis within the lymph nodes (LNs). Herein, the proteome of 140 multisite samples from a 59-HNC patient cohort, including primary and matched LN-negative or -positive tissues, saliva, and blood cells, reveals insights into the biology and potential metastasis biomarkers that may assist in clinical decision-making. Protein profiles are strictly associated with immune modulation across datasets, and this provides the basis for investigating immune markers associated with metastasis. The proteome of LN metastatic cells recapitulates the proteome of the primary tumor sites. Conversely, the LN microenvironment proteome highlights the candidate prognostic markers. By integrating prioritized peptide, protein, and transcript levels with machine learning models, we identify nodal metastasis signatures in blood and saliva. We present a proteomic characterization wiring multiple sites in HNC, thus providing a promising basis for understanding tumoral biology and identifying metastasis-associated signatures.
Direct in situ photolithography of perovskite quantum dots based on photocatalysis of lead bromide complexes
Authors: Zhang Pingping , Yang Gaoling , Li Fei , Shi Jianbing , Zhong Haizheng
Published: November 2022

Photolithography has shown great potential in patterning solution-processed nanomaterials for integration into advanced optoelectronic devices. However, photolithography of perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) has so far been hindered by the incompatibility of perovskite with traditional optical lithography processes where lots of solvents and high-energy ultraviolet (UV) light exposure are required. Herein, we report a direct in situ photolithography technique to pattern PQDs based on the photopolymerization catalyzed by lead bromide complexes. By combining direct photolithography with in situ fabrication of PQDs, this method allows to directly photolithograph perovskite precursors, avoiding the complicated lift-off processes and the destruction of PQDs by solvents or high-energy UV light, as PQDs are produced after lithography exposure. We further demonstrate that the thiol-ene free-radical photopolymerization is catalyzed by lead bromide complexes in the perovskite precursor solution, while no external initiators or catalysts are needed. Using direct in situ photolithography, PQD patterns with high resolution up to 2450 pixels per inch (PPI), excellent fluorescence uniformity, and good stability, are successfully demonstrated. This work opens an avenue for non-destructive direct photolithography of high-efficiency light-emitting PQDs, and potentially expands their application in various integrated optoelectronic devices.
Boosting CO hydrogenation towards C2+ hydrocarbons over interfacial TiO2−x/Ni catalysts
Authors: Xu Ming , Qin Xuetao , Xu Yao , Zhang Xiaochen , Zheng Lirong , Liu Jin-Xun , Wang Meng , Liu Xi , Ma Ding
Published: November 2022

Considerable attention has been drawn to tune the geometric and electronic structure of interfacial catalysts via modulating strong metal-support interactions (SMSI). Herein, we report the construction of a series of TiO2−x/Ni catalysts, where disordered TiO2−x overlayers immobilized onto the surface of Ni nanoparticles (~20 nm) are successfully engineered with SMSI effect. The optimal TiO2−x/Ni catalyst shows a CO conversion of ~19.8% in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) process under atmospheric pressure at 220 °C. More importantly, ~64.6% of the product is C2+ paraffins, which is in sharp contrast to the result of the conventional Ni catalyst with the main product being methane. A combination study of advanced electron microscopy, multiple in-situ spectroscopic characterizations, and density functional theory calculations indicates the presence of Niδ−/TiO2−x interfacial sites, which could bind carbon atom strongly, inhibit methane formation and facilitate the C-C chain propagation, lead to the production of C2+ hydrocarbon on Ni surface.
Ultrahigh-temperature melt printing of multi-principal element alloys
Authors: Wang Xizheng , Zhao Yunhao , Chen Gang , Zhao Xinpeng , Liu Chuan , Sridar Soumya , Pizano Luis Fernando Ladinos , Li Shuke , Brozena Alexandra H. , Guo Miao , Zhang Hanlei , Wang Yuankang , Xiong Wei , Hu Liangbing
Published: November 2022

Multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) demonstrate superior synergetic properties compared to single-element predominated traditional alloys. However, the rapid melting and uniform mixing of multi-elements for the fabrication of MPEA structural materials by metallic 3D printing is challenging as it is difficult to achieve both a high temperature and uniform temperature distribution in a sufficient heating source simultaneously. Herein, we report an ultrahigh-temperature melt printing method that can achieve rapid multi-elemental melting and uniform mixing for MPEA fabrication. In a typical fabrication process, multi-elemental metal powders are loaded into a high-temperature column zone that can be heated up to 3000 K via Joule heating, followed by melting on the order of milliseconds and mixing into homogenous alloys, which we attribute to the sufficiently uniform high-temperature heating zone. As proof-of-concept, we successfully fabricated single-phase bulk NiFeCrCo MPEA with uniform grain size. This ultrahigh-temperature rapid melt printing process provides excellent potential toward MPEA 3D printing.
CD1d-dependent rewiring of lipid metabolism in macrophages regulates innate immune responses
Authors: Brailey Phillip M. , Evans Lauren , López-Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Sinadinos Anthony , Tyrrel Victoria , Kelly Gavin , O’Donnell Valerie , Ghazal Peter , John Susan , Barral Patricia
Published: November 2022

Alterations in cellular metabolism underpin macrophage activation, yet little is known regarding how key immunological molecules regulate metabolic programs in macrophages. Here we uncover a function for the antigen presenting molecule CD1d in the control of lipid metabolism. We show that CD1d-deficient macrophages exhibit a metabolic reprogramming, with a downregulation of lipid metabolic pathways and an increase in exogenous lipid import. This metabolic rewiring primes macrophages for enhanced responses to innate signals, as CD1d-KO cells show higher signalling and cytokine secretion upon Toll-like receptor stimulation. Mechanistically, CD1d modulates lipid import by controlling the internalization of the lipid transporter CD36, while blocking lipid uptake through CD36 restores metabolic and immune responses in macrophages. Thus, our data reveal CD1d as a key regulator of an inflammatory-metabolic circuit in macrophages, independent of its function in the control of T cell responses.