bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cleome gynandra leaf extract on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of wistar albino rats
Authors: Monima Lemuel Ann , Buhari Muhammad , Lawal Sodiq , Isaac Echoru , Fred Ssempijja , Elna Owembabazi , Edmund Bukenya , Diaz Mario Edgar Fernandez , Bassey Archibong Victor , Ikwap Kokas
Published: April 2021

Cleome gynandra is a medicinal plant that is used all over Uganda to hasten childbirth because, it possesses the ability to contract the uterus. It is also used as an abortifacient in the first trimester. In this study, the effects of Cleome gynandra were investigated on the estrous cycle and the histology of the ovary and uterus of adult Wistar rat. Twelve adult female Wistar rats of 130-140g average weight were used. These were divided into three groups of four animals each. Group A received distilled water only, while animals in groups B and C received 250mg/kg body weight and 500mg/kg body weight of extract, orally and daily respectively. Monitoring of estrous cycle continued throughout the three weeks of extract administration. After three weeks, the ovaries and uteri were excised and processed for histological examination. In the ovary, there was a reduction in number of primordia, primary, secondary and graafian follicles in the treated groups. Vacuolations were common to both the ovarian and uterine tissues of treated animals. The estrous cycle of Group B and C, showed a mild disruption when compared to animals in Group A. The results showed that the plant extract studied, exerted negative influences on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of Wistar albino rats, suggesting a disturbance on the reproductive health of the animals. Further studies to determine the mechanism of action of Cleome gynandra on the ovary and uterus and the levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone is recommended.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, estrous cycle, Wistar albino rats, ovarian follicles.
Aortic arch origin of the vertebral artery may have clinical implications
Authors: Ogeng’o Julius A. , Ongeti Kevin W.
Published: April 2021

No Abstract
A cadaveric study: the morphometric differences in the levator scapulae muscle
Authors: Smit Jan H.T. , Todd Matthew R.H.
Published: April 2021

Although the levator scapulae are surrounded in the deep cervical fascia, it can be separated into a number of muscle slips at the proximal attachment. Originally the muscle was described as having 3 muscle slips at its origin. More recent texts have now adopted 4 slips of origin. Each slip coming from a different cervical vertebra. Levator scapulae is important with myofascial pain syndrome which is one of the leading causes of neck and shoulder pain. Surgically it can also be used to overcome trapezius paralysis. Anatomical variations of the levator scapulae are important and therefore clinically relevant. In this dissection study, we have investigated the morphometric differences in 46 levator scapulae muscles from 23 cadavers. Measurements of the proximal- and distal attachments and the total length of the muscles were taken. Between 3 and 6 muscle slips were reported at the proximal attachment. Differences were also observed between sides. The first report of a levator scapula muscle with 6 muscle slips at the proximal attachment, is described in this study.Keywords: Origin (proximal attachment); insertion (distal attachment); muscle slips
Supracondylar osteochondroma in a black South African population
Authors: Ofusori David A. , Komolafe Omobola A. , Ajayi Sunday A. , Abiodun Adeleke A.
Published: April 2021

No Abstract
The histochemical and biochemical effects of coconutmilk in Wistar rats with ethanol-induced gastric ulcer
Authors: Tolulope Omojola A. , David Ofusori A. , Sylvester Edward S. , Ugochukwu Umeaku
Published: April 2021

This study aimed at investigating the histochemical and biochemical effects of coconut milk in Wistar rats’ model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer with a view to evaluating the antiulcerogenic potential of coconut milk in the management of gastric ulcer. Thirty male Wistar rats weighing between 150-180g were recruited for the study and divided into six groups of 5 rats each. All the groups were fasted for 24-hours after which group-1 received single oral administration of normal saline at 5ml/kg, while groups 2-6 received equivalent amount of ethanol. Twenty-four hours later, Groups-3, 4, 5 received oral graded doses of coconut milk at 30, 50, 70 mg/kg respectively while group 6 received omeprazole administration at 10 mg/kg every 12-hours for a period of 21 days. The ulcer index as well as Prostalglandin-E2 and Nitric Oxide concentrations was significantly (p < 0.05) lowered following treatment with omeprazole and coconut milk, when compared with the ethanol group. Coconut milk administration also attenuated the ethanol-induced histochemical distortions of the gastric pylorus. This study concluded that  coconut milk administration ameliorated ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and serves as a potential choice in the treatment of the condition.Keywords: Gastric ulcer, Ethanol, Coconut Milk, Omeprazole, Histochemical, Biochemical
Morphology and microcirculatory structure of the urethra of the pig: Urologic surgical interest
Authors: Séry Fréjus , Sick Henry
Published: April 2021

The urethra of the sow can play an important role in the surgical revascularization or in the reconstructive surgery. However, the urethra can be easily injured if it possessed well architecture and vascularization. We investigated the morphological structure and vasculature features of the urethra to improve surgical results. Eight pelvises of sow were investigated. The block was cuts according to the segments of the urethra. They were made transparent according to the sagittal and transvers planes and examined trough Chinese ink agar injection. The adventia of both portions of the urethra of the sow (pelvic and perineal) were dependent on the collaterals of the internal iliac arteries and internal pudendal arteries. The veins of the periphery of the urethra derived from the muscle layers and the chorion and ran into a network in contact with arteries. The arteries of the striated muscle layer originated from the adventitial arteries of the anterior and lateral regions of the urethra. The chorion was depended on long vessels from the adventitious network and the terminal branches of the vessels of the inner longitudinal muscle layer. The arteries of the urethrovaginal septum were thin and came from the branches of the vaginal artery. The urethra of the sow was sheathed by the pelvic fascia lined with the elevated muscle of anus. They were well vascularized and can be safety exposed and preserved during experimental surgical dissection with careful drilling.Keys words: Sow urethra, morphology, structure, microvascularization.
Determination of stature from cephalic indices among Okun and Ebira ethnic groups of Kogi State in Nigeria
Authors: Alabi A.S. , Adeleye J.T. , Kareem S.B. , Lewu F.S. , Oyewopo A.O.
Published: April 2021

Cephalic index is an important feature that characterizes different races. The study aimed at comparing the cephalic indices between the two genders and to determine the stature among Okun and Ebira ethnic groups in Nigeria. The subjects were measured for cephalic length, breadth and subject height and the cephalic indices were calculated by dividing the cephalic breadth by cephalic length, and then multiply by 100. 844 subjects of Okun and Ebira origin of Kogi state were measured, 211 males and 211 females for each tribe were measured. Fischer’s formula was used to determine the sample size because the population size is > 10,000. The cephalic breadth and length was measured using a spreading caliper and the subject height was measured with a stadiometer. The data was analyzed using Pearson’s Chisquare analysis test for association, trends and distribution difference of the pattern (confidence level at 95%). The mean cephalic indices of both Okun and Ebira ethnic group were >75 and >70 which belongs to mesocephalic and doliocephalic group respectively. There were significant differences in cephalic indices between both ethnic groups (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in cephalic indices between males and females of each ethnic group. Stature was better predicted from cephalic indices for Ebira males (r= 0.386) when compared to the Ebira females (r= 0.127), Okun males (r= 0.296) and Okun females (r = 0.268). All predictions were significant except for Ebira females.Keywords: mesocephalic, doliocephalic, cephalic indices, stature, sex
Microanatomical and biochemical changes of the cerebellum following ethanol gavage in adult Wistar rats
Authors: Usman I.M. , Iliya I.A. , Ivang A.E. , Ssempijja F , Ojewale A.O. , Yusuf H.R.
Published: April 2021

Ethanol consumption has been linked with social and medical problems, coupled with damage of multiple organs including the cerebellum. The present study is aimed at investigating the histological and biochemical changes in the cerebellum of Wistar rats associated with ethanol exposure. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups designated as Group 1 which served as the control group and was given distilled water, Groups 2,3,4 and 5were given 40%, 25%, 12% and 5% v/v of ethanol respectively. Each of the experimental animals was administered 10mls/kg body weight of the stock solution for 42days after which the animals were sacrificed humanely. The cerebellum was removed, fixed in Bouins fluid for histological study while brain homogenates were prepared and used for the biochemical studies. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Post-Hoc comparison test was used to determine where the difference lies. Oxidative stress studies showed significant increase and decrease in some oxidative stress markers when compared to the control group (p<0.05). The sialic acid studies showed a dose dependent decrease in the mean sialic acid concentration of the cerebellum across the groups when compared to the control (p<0.05). The histological studies showed the following changes; necrotic Purkinje cells with reduced linear distribution of Purkinje cells, in section of the cerebellar tissue of rats in Groups 2 and 3 with sections from Groups 4 and 5 remaining relatively normal when compared to the slide from the control group. Exposure to ethanol from the present studies showed a dose dependent effect on the cerebellum, as manifested in the histological and biochemical studies.Keywords: Ethanol gavage, Histological, Biochemical changes, Cerebellum
Activation of pro-apoptotic cells, reactive astrogliosis and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in trimethyltin-induced hippocampal injury in rats
Authors: Okesina A.A. , Ajao M.S. , Buhari M.O. , Afodun A.M. , Okesina K.B. , Usman R.Y. , Sulaimon F.A. , Kolawole B.P.
Published: April 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases cause neural cells to lose both the functional and sensory abilities as a result of genetic factors, proteopathies and mitochondrial dysfunction. Neurodegeneration forms the basis of most neurodegenerative disorders for example Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s diseases, and Parkinson’s diseases. The mechanism that underlines the process of neurodegeneration is not well understood. Understanding the process and mechanism involved in neurodegeneration might offer a better therapeutic approach to positively manage cases of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, this study’s target was to create an animal model to study neurodegeneration. Sixteen adult male Wistar rats were used in the study and divided into two groups. Control (0.2 mL of normal saline (NS)), and trimethyltin-treated (TMT, 8 mg/kg stat dose only). These animals underwent perfusion with 4% paraformaldehyde, brain excision and analysis of p53 antigen, GFAP and Bielshowsky on these tissues. The results showed that animals in the control group showed presence of activated p53 antigen, reactive astrogliosis, neurofibrillary tangles, and amyloid plaques within the cytoplasm of the hippocampal cells. Cornus Ammonis (CA2) and (CA3) showed more of the trimethylrtin injury than CA1 and CA4. This study thus revealed that, intra-peritoneal administration of single dose of 8mg/kg of trimethyltin can offer an attractive disease model to study some neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords: p53 antigen, Bielshowsky, Glia fibrillary acidic protein, Trimethyltin, Hippocampus,
Cadaveric embalming using a modified Thiel method as an alternative to the formalin method
Authors: Hachabizwa Caswell , Banda Mickey , Hainza Joseph , Mutemwa Sikhanyiso , Erzingastian Krikor , Kafumukache Elliot
Published: April 2021

Formalin embalming method is cheaper and commonly used. Thiel method is said to be complex, expensive, not commonly used but offers better cadavers for student teaching. The study aimed at exploring the effects of two embalming methods; modified Thiel and formalin methods on cadavers in terms of muscle softness, joint flexibility, tissue colour, formalin smell and the ease with which structures can be identified. This was an experimental study design done over the period of three months where four adult male cadavers were embalmed (two under each method) and the outcome was compared. Using gravity about Ten Litres of arterial and five Litres venous Thiel fluids was slowly infused into each Thiel cadaver through the carotid artery and femoral vein respectively and cadavers remained overnight. Thiel cadavers were submerged in the tank containing about 300L of Thiel fluid, covered with a blanket and left for eight weeks. Each formalin cadaver was infused with about 15Litres of 10% formalin using the carotid artery and then wrapped in transparent plastics. Thereafter, cadavers were codified and placed in different rooms where participants examined and dissected some regions starting with Thiel cadavers and crossing over to the formalin cadavers after twenty-four hours. Thiel cadavers were softer than formalin (mean = 4.89 ± 0.53 Thiel and 2.1 ± 1.26 for formalin). For joint flexibility, at least 75% of participants strongly agreed for Thiel and at least 75% of the participants strongly disagreed for formalin (mean = 4.81 ± 0.86 Thiel and 1.71 ± 1.13 formalin). Tissue colour was closer to natural in Thiel compared to the formalin cadavers (mean = 4.82 ± 0.55 Thiel and 1.77 ± 1.07 formalin). There were no complaints due to irritant formalin smell in Thiel cadavers as opposed to the formalin ones (mean = 1.15 ± 0.55 Thiel and 4.56 ± 1.15 formalin). At least 75% agreed that it was easy to identify structures in the Thiel cadavers than formalin (mean = 4.67 ± 0.61 and 2.61 ± 1.14 formalin). Thiel embalming method offers good quality cadavers that are soft, flexible; tissue colour closer to natural state and without is strong formalin smell and structures can easily be identified.

Key words: Cadaveric embalming, modified Thiel, formalin methods
Directional asymmetry in handedness and hand efficiency
Authors: Idenya P.M. , Gichangi P. , Ogeng’o J.
Published: April 2021

Several studies analyse anthropometric dimensions of the hands, but few look at how they influence hand performance or hand efficiency. In this analytic cross-sectional study conducted amongst 162 preclinical medical students, directional asymmetry was evaluated in relation to hand preference and hand efficiency in order to determine whether it can be used as an indicator for outcomes of hand dominance. Directional asymmetry (DA) was established by calculating differences in the mean hand measurements and the mean hand volumes. Hand preference was assessed using the modified Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, and handedness categories determined by applying the Geschwind Score. Hand dominance was categorized from the laterality score obtained from differences between left and right hands. Differences in hand dimensions were evaluated in relation to hand preference and hand efficiency. An apparent similarity in the morphology of the hands was suggested by the highly positive statistically significant result in the paired samples correlation test across all the parameters (p < 0.001). A positive association (not statistically significant) was noted between the handedness categories and the demonstrated directional asymmetry. No gender disparity was found in the relationship between DA and Hand efficiency by grip strength testing. The EHI-GS hand preference category positively indicated the preferred hand but did not on its own designate hand dominance or hand proficiency. Notwithstanding the gender, EHI-GS handedness neither predicted DA nor hand efficiency. Similarly, neither EHI-GS hand preference nor hand efficiency by grip strength testing could predict DA in males and females alike.

Key words: Hand performance, Hand proficiency, Hand dominance, Grip strength testing, Laterality
DESEMPENHO DE BEZERRAS DAS RAÇAS PANTANEIRA E GIROLANDO, EM PASTAGENS DE UROCHLOA DECUMBENS NA ÉPOCA SECA, NO ECÓTONO CERRADO-PANTANAL
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Lima Pedro Gustavo Loesia , da Silva Kheyciane Viana , Brochado Níkolas Cáceres de Oliveira , de Oliveira Marcus Vinicius Morais
Published: April 2021

Objetivou-se com este trabalho verificar o desempenho de animais com diferentes exigências nutricionais, durante o período de estiagem. O período de avaliação foi de 126 dias (14 dias de adaptação e três sub-períodos de 28 dias) em pastagem de capim-braquiária (Urochloa decumbens), com bezerras desmamadas, com idade de 6 a 7 meses, das raças Pantaneira e Girolando(¾ Holandês x ¼ Gir). As bezerras foram divididas em dois grupos, as que recebiam ração concentrada ao nível de 1% do peso corpóreo e as que só ficavam na pastagem sem suplementação com concentrado. Em cada período de 28 dias foram coletadas as medidas corporais, o peso dos animais e as respectivas avaliações na pastagem. O consumo de pasto pelos animais foi influenciado pelas dietas, onde os animais que receberam ração consumiram menos capim. A suplementação concentrada proporcionou tanto na raça Pantaneira como na Girolando um aumento do consumo de matéria seca da dieta total. O ganho de peso diário e o ganho de perímetro torácico para as bezerras que receberam ração concentrada foi semelhante para ambas as raças. bezerras Pantaneiras apresentaram menores dimensões corporais que as Girolando, sendo a menor conversão alimentar observa danos animais Pantaneiros não suplementados.
¿El Bienestar espiritual es independiente del género?
Authors: Goicochea-Olivares Kenedy , Reyes -Muñoz Lucero
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo analizar las diferencias del bienestar espiritual según el género en pacientes del Centro de Salud de Alto Moche. La espiritualidad y la religión se han trasformado en un aspecto importante en la atención de los pacientes, influyen positiva o negativamente en la evolución clínica y en la calidad de vida de los enfermos.  Lo que ha conllevado, a que, en muchos países, los cuidados espirituales sean un derecho garantizado por ley. Fueron evaluados con la escala de bienestar espiritual 201 personas de ambos sexos, entre 18 a 50 años de edad. El análisis de los datos se utilizó análisis de varianza, valor p < 0,05. Para comparar si el bienestar espiritual es diferente estadísticamente entre hombres y mujeres. Los resultados demuestran que estadísticamente todos tienen el mismo nivel de bienestar espiritual (p > 0,05). La no existencia de diferencia significativa de la variable bienestar religioso según género, p > 0,60. Lo referente a bienestar existencial según el género, las medias evidenciaron la no existencia de diferencia significativa p> 0,53.  Se concluye que la espiritualidad puede considerarse un medio psicosocial individual, que favorece la promoción de la salud, independientemente de su género y su religión.
Parametric and Non-parametric Mathematical Modelling Techniques: A Practical Approach of an Electrical Machine Identification
Authors: Gonzales Oscar
Published: April 2021

Mathematical modeling is an important feature concerning the analysis and control of dynamic systems. Also, system identification is an approach for building mathematical expressions from experimental data taken from processes performance. In this context, the contemporaneous state of the art describes several modelling and identification techniques which are excellent alternatives to determine systems behavior through time. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the main techniques for modeling and identification from a parametric and no parametric perspective. Experimental data are taken from an electrical machine that is a DC motor from a didactic platform. The paper concludes with the analysis of results taken from different identification procedures.
Turismo Comunitario y Museo: Articulación para el Fortalecimiento de bases locales
Authors: Chicaiza Tatiana , Chontasi David
Published: April 2021

En el contexto de la planificación y el desarrollo del turismo, la comunidad es concebida como núcleo de personas organizadas y comprometidas con su bienestar colectivo. La experiencia de las iniciativas del turismo comunitario y el museo en comunidades está incidiendo en las prácticas culturales e imaginarios colectivos de una comunidad. Es así que, nace la necesidad de estudiar la articulación teórica entre turismo comunitario y museo comunitario, dos iniciativas de base local que en su proceso constructivo confluyen para generar beneficios al desarrollo comunitario. Para responder metodológicamente la investigación se utilizó la base documental teórica y el método análisis síntesis. El carácter descriptivo permitió identificar tres criterios de reflexión: correlación ecología y cultura; catalizador de identidad y fortalecedor de estructura social comunitaria. Los resultados demuestran que dicha articulación funciona de manera complementaria porque muestra la armonía del ser humano entre el sistema ecológico y cultural, al mismo tiempo representa un escenario de resiliencia debido a que la diversificación de las actividades proporciona oportunidades alternativas de desarrollo comunitario.
Ciberseguridad en los sistemas de gestión de aprendizaje (LMS)
Authors: Echeverria Broncano Monica Paulina , Ávila Pesantez Diego Fernando
Published: April 2021

Los Sistemas de Gestión de Aprendizaje (LMS) son aplicaciones software con múltiples herramientas que permiten canalizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de manera online. Debido al crecimiento masivo de los LMS derivado por la situación de la pandemia, es necesario analizar las distintas vulnerabilidades y ataques que están expuestos estos sistemas. Por ello, este estudio platea una revisión sistemática de la literatura utilizando el protocolo definido por Kitchenham (2007), que se basa en tres fases: planificación, realización y análisis de resultados. Se identificaron 31 estudios potenciales, dentro del período 2014-2020, utilizando varias bibliotecas digitales. Los resultados indican que ante las vulnerabilidades es necesario la creación de procedimientos por parte de las instituciones educativas que permitan prevenir y mitigar los fallos que se presenten en los LMS.
A desordem da Ordem no sacramento da Penitência
Authors: Carneiro Marques Luis Felipe
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo procura fazer uma abordagem da crise do sacramento da penitência de maneira interna, ou seja, apresenta que a crise deste sacramento encontra-se com a crise do sacramento da Ordem e a sua pesada estruturação sistemática, favorecendo o autoritarismo, a indiferença e o abuso dentro do confessionário. É impressionante descobrir como o abuso sexual clerical está intimamente ligado ao Sacramento da Reconciliação e descobrir que ele muitas vezes começa no confessionário. O confessionário, lugar cuja intenção originária é anunciar o dom da misericórdia ilimitada de Deus, tornou-se para muitos um lugar onde se experimenta a morte, a destruição da integridade espiritual, onde se é lesado na própria dignidade de ser humano.
GC-MS ANALYSIS OF PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM THE EXTRACT OF Hibiscus sabdariffa GROWN IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: Okore G.J. , Oguzie E. E. , Ogukwe C. E. , Akalezi C. O.
Published: April 2021

Hibiscus sabdariffa, also known as Roselle belongs to Malvacae family. It is popularly known in Nigeria as Zobo. It has been used traditionally to cure certain ailments like cold, due to its rich pharmacological potential. Hence this study aimed at validating the pharmacological potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa by identification of the compounds present in its leaves using GC-MS technique. The extract was obtained by heating the leaves in ethanol under reflux. The ethanol extract was then subjected to GC-MS analysis. The constituents were identified by comparing their mass fragmentation (MS) pattern with those gathered in the library of NIST-MS and with those reported in literature. The graph obtained from the study revealed the presence of nine (9) organic compounds in Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf extract (HSLE) namely cyclohexane carboxylic acid ester, cyclopropane carboxylic acid methyl ester, hexanoic acid-4-octyl ester, hexadeca-2-11-dienoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, octadecanoic acid, E-13-docosenoic acid and E-11-hexadecanal. Oleic acid has the highest peak value with the retention time of 20.711 which makes it the most abundant fraction and the active ingredient in the HSLE. The presence of some of these bioactive compounds has proved the scientific evidences for the antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory properties of the plant.
Acute toxicity tests and dyeing potentials of three azo dyes from Pyocyanin, produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa from farmlands
Authors: Nwosu A. C. , Okerulu I. O.
Published: April 2021

The admiration for colours by man has made dyes to have very useful applications on a great variety of materials. Pyocyanin (PCN) or 5-methyl-1-hydroxyphenazine, a phenazine derivative biosynthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the stressed soil of a farmland at Awka was used to prepare three azo dyes namely, pyocyanin azophenol, pyocyanin azo-1-naphthol and pyocyanin azo-2-naphthol. The PCN was treated with SOCl2 to convert it to the chloro analogue. Treatment of chloro analogue with NaCN in ethanol and subsequent acid hydrolysis gave the carboxylic acid from which the amide was obtained after treatment with (NH4)2CO3 and heat. The amide was converted to the amine by Hoffman’s amide degradation. The amine was diazotized and coupled with phenol, 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol to give the three azo dyes respectively. UV-VIS and infrared spectra of the compounds agreed with the assigned structures. Acute Toxicity (LD50) tests showed the compounds to be reasonably non-toxic. Dyeing potentials of the Pyocyanin (PCN), PCN azophenol, PCN azo-1-naphthol and PCN azo-2-naphthol by mordant dyeing on cotton, silk and nylon textile materials showed them to have blue, dark green, purplish-brown and red colours respectively. The dyes were reasonably fast to light, washing, rubbing, alkali and acid. Pyocyanin, Pyocyanin azophenol, Pyocyanin azo-1-naphthol and pyocyanin azo-2-naphthol produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from farmland soil can be used effectively to dye cotton, silk and nylon textile materials.
Influence of perinatal risk factors on psychophysiological characteristics in primary-school children living in the arctic territory of the Northwest of Russia
Authors:   Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Korelskaya G.V.
Published: April 2021

The necessary level of development of psychophysiological, physiological, school-significant functions at the time of the child's admission to school is the determining condition for the successful acquisition of knowledge and social adaptation. The psychophysiological development of a child depends on various factors that affect him at different age periods. Favorable early stages of the child's ontogenesis determine the timely development of brain structures and the formation of higher mental functions of the body. The effects of negative risk factors, burdened heredity, and the unfavorable course of prenatal development can lead to developmental delays in later periods of ontogenesis. Early identification of damaging factors and elimination of their influence will help to minimize the long-term consequences on the development of the physical and intellectual spheres of life. The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of psychophysiological characteristics on risk factors of the perinatal period in primary-school children permanently residing in the Arctic territory of the Northwest of the Russian Federation. To estimate the prevalence of risk factors for the early development, the analysis of children's medical records and surveys for parents, reflecting the development of the child in different age periods, was carried out. To evaluate the indicators of psychophysiological development, a complex diagnosis was carried out using different methodologies. In the process of the investigation, it was demonstrated that children that have many risk factors in early dysontogenesis get lower rates of speech development and verbal thinking in comparison with children with unburdened anamnesis.
Justification of sport and technical readiness standards of the students from the main department (groups of general physical preparedness with sport orientation in volleyball)
Authors:   Institute of Developmental Physiology of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Barantsev S.A. , Naidenova E.G. ,   State University of Management, Moscow, Seregina V.A. ,   State University of Management, Moscow
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work is to justify the standards of sport and technical readiness (STR) in 1-3-year students of the main department of non-athletes-students from General physical preparedness (GPP) groups with sport orientation (volleyball). Both 1st and 3rd year students showed no significant differences in STR indicators registered at the end of the fall and spring semesters. STR indicators reduced significantly from the end of 3rd by the end of 4th terms in 2nd year students. Separate STR standards for the 2nd year students in fall and spring semesters have been justified. SRT standards for the 1st and the 3rd year students have been clarified.
TALENT MANAGEMENT AS SUCCESS FACTOR FOR ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A CASE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Abbasi Muhammad Umair
Published: April 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to illuminate the importance of Talent Management Practices for the Pharmaceutical Industry in Pakistan and to impose the organizations for the development and implementation of TM mechanism in the industry that provide tools for achieving sustainable competitive advantages in today's highly competitive environment. Methodology/Sample - Data from the targeted pharmaceutical organizations were mostly obtained personally by researchers through survey questionnaire and structured interviews. The focus of interviews related to top management personnel, human resource experts and professionals according to availability. Findings - The main findings from this research are that talent management practices will definitely increases the performance of the organization. To be successful and gain sustainable edge recommended that organizations must keep eye on their people and take care of them in all manners. This process needed special attention as much as goals of the organization because the talented people are definitely the most valuable asset for an organization. Practical Implications - The essential features to compete and survival in the highly competitive environment the talent plays a vital role in the achievement of an organization's overall strategic objectives and visibly illustrates that the TM practices fully understands and supports the direction in which the organization is moving. Research Limitations - Data confidentiality policy of organizations, time constraint and unavailability of concerned personnel at the time of interviews were limitations in some cases while gathering data.
IMPACT OF CONSUMER PERSONALITY ON CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR
Authors:   SZABIST, Hyderabad., Channar Zahid Ali
Published: April 2021

Purpose: This study is conducted to find the impact of consumer personality on their satisfaction and loyalty and eventually on their repeated purchases which will automatically enhance the profits of the organizations. In this study consumer personality is a parameter of consumer behavior. Constructs of consumer personality are social affiliation and consumer relationship proneness. No any previous study is conducted to find the relation between different parameters of consumer personality on their Purchasing behavior. Methodology/Sampling: Primary data was collected from public & private universities of the Hyderabad & Jamshoro districts. Questionnaire was administered in 200 randomly selected samples; sampling frame was students from different classes i.e. MBBS, BDS & Nursing. Already established scales were used for measuring consumer personality, satisfaction, commitment and repeated purchases. Data was analyzed through correlation. Findings: It showed that if the product is aligned with the consumer personality then that has increased not only their satisfaction level but also loyalty with the organization, which ultimately led them to purchase repeatedly. Practical Implications: This research is useful for the top management & sales managers of the organizations in aligning their products with the personality of consumers.
IMPACT OF PARENT BRAND ON BRAND EXTENSION: A CASE OF FMCG BRANDS IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Business & Technology, Karachi., Chandio Zafarullah
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The aim of this research is to find out the impact of existing brand on extension by using three different parent brands and their extensions of FMCG industry. This study will investigate that what are some factors of the parent brand which can play a role of driver for the brand extension. Methodology/Sampling: Primary data was collected from respondents at various locations of Karachi. Questionnaire was administered in 100 randomly selected samples; sampling frame was respondents & students from different locations of Karachi. Already established scales were used for measuring selected variables. Data was analyzed through correlation & regression. Findings: Results explains that awareness, loyalty, image and quality are positively significant in the case of lifebuoy brand whereas personality has the negative significant impact for the customer evaluation of brand extension. It showed that if the product is aligned with the consumer personality. Practical Implications: This research is useful for the marketing sales managers of the organizations in aligning their products with the personality of consumers.
Labor Impact of SARS-COV-2 pandemic on Argentinian rheumatologists
Authors: Scarafia Santiago , Martire María Victoria , Buschiazzo Emilio , Graf César , García-Salinas Rodrigo
Published: April 2021

The novel coronavirus SARS2-COV-2 has precipitated the present outbreak of COVID-19 and the worldwide spread has had a strong impact on the general population and on healthcare workers (1). The objective of the present study was to describe the current work conditions and the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Argentinian rheumatologists.
Horizontal Models of Conviviality or Radical Democracy in the Americas Zapatistas, Boggs Center, Casa Pueblo
Authors: Pappas Gregory
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I argue that despite their different circumstances (size, location, history, demography), the Zapatistas (Chiapas, Mexico), Boggs Center (Detroit, USA), and Casa Pueblo (Adjuntas, Puerto Rico) share common lessons that are worth considering, at a time when there is so much uncertainty and disagreement about how best to address social injustices and much disillusionment with representative democracy. After a summary of the history and accomplishments of each of these American communal activist organisations, I present the common lessons and consider some challenges and possible objections. They provide an alternative between naïve optimism and cynical passive pessimism. They practice horizontal models of conviviality and a holistic, ecological, and experimental approach to ameliorating injustices.
State Management in Central Asia during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Central Asian Bureau for Analytical Reporting (CABAR.asia), Amrebayev Aidar
Published: April 2021

The publication analyzes the state management of the Central Asian countries in the fight against the coronavirus crisis, identifies the information background of their support, and provides recommendations for developing regional responses to such crises.
Comparative study of 21st Century Skills of Science Teachers and Students of Formal and Non-Formal Educational Institutes
Authors: Choudhary Farkhunda Rasheed , Ahmed Sadaf Zamir , Sultan Sohaib , Khushnood Sidra
Published: April 2021

It is very essential for teachers to practice 21st century teaching and learning skills while teaching in order to foster these skills in 21st century learners. The focus of this study was to explore the skills of science teachers regarding 21st century skills. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted to assess the 21st century skills of science teachers. The survey questionnaire was comprised of different subscales regarding 21st century skills namely as critical thinking, collaboration, communication and creativity. The questionnaire consisted of 5-point Likert scale. The overall results of the study reflected that science students possess more 21st   century skills than their teachers. It was recommended for science teachers of formal educational setup to practice 21st century teaching and learning skills more often as possible to inculcate 21st century skills among the students. It is also recommended that teachers of formal educational setup must enhance critical thinking and increase collaboration with students. This study is significant in the way that it reveals the current scenario of the skills of the teachers that will readily be imparted to the 21st century learners.
On $\left( p,q\right) $-analog of Stancu operators of rough $\lambda$- statistically $\rho$-Cauchy convergence of triple sequence spaces
Authors: INDUMATHI Arulmani , ESİ Ayhan , SUBRAMANİAN Nagarajan , ÖZDEMİR Mustafa Kemal
Published: April 2021

In this work, using the concept of natural density, we introduce the $\left(

p,q\right) $-analogue of the Stancu-beta operators of rough $\lambda$%

-statistically $\rho$-Cauchy convergence on triple sequence spaces. We define

the set of Bernstein Stancu beta opeators of rough statistical limit points of

a triple sequence spaces and obtain to $\lambda-$statistical convergence

criteria associated with this set. Also, we examine the relations between the

set of Bernstein-Stancu beta operators of rough $\lambda$-statistically

$\rho$-Cauchy convergence of triple sequences.
Wastewater Treatment using Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites
Authors:   Fouman Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran, Nasrollahi Zahra
Published: April 2021

The application of magnetic nano-photocatalysts in clean water technologies, has been widely studied due to their improved chemical and physical properties. Due to the incorporation of magnetic materials into the nano-photocatalysts, the separation of the resultant nanocomposite can be facilitated via an applied external magnetic field, leading to more economic and also more ecologically friendly water refinement procedure. This paper presents a short review of magnetic nanomaterials in the purification of contaminated water/wastewater.
Characterisation of Phytolith Production and Their Taxonomic Use among Five Species of Aristida
Authors:   Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, India, Jattisha PI.
Published: April 2021

Phytoliths are amorphous silicon dioxide depositions in and around the cells of certain plants. Phytoliths of Poaceae are of great importance in the field of taxonomy and Archeology. Present study confirms the use of phytolith characters in the delimitation of Aristida species. Five species of Aristida were included in the study. Various characters like presence or absence of prickle hairs, nature of margins in lobate phytoliths, shank length in relation to the length of lobes etc. proved to be promising characters in the delimitation of the taxa. A taxonomic key to the identification of species is also provided.
SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN YAŞAM BOYU ÖĞRENME EĞİLİMLERİ İLE KÜLTÜREL SERMAYELERİ VE ARALARINDAKİ İLİŞKİ
Authors: AYDIN Şebnem , İFLAZOĞLU SABAN Ayten
Published: April 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimlerini ve kültürel sermaye yeterliklerini belirlemektir. İlişkisel tarama modelinde olan araştırmanın örneklemini 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Adana ili merkez ilçelerinde (Çukurova, Seyhan, Yüreğir, Sarıçam) görev yapan 419 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmuştur. Bu araştırmanın verileri “Yaşam Boyu Öğrenme Eğilimi Ölçeği”, “Kültürel Sermaye Ölçeği ve araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgiler formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimlerinin “kısmen uyuyor” aralığında yani yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimine sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin kültürel sermaye yeterlikleri yüksek bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ile kültürel sermaye yeterlikleri arasında orta düzeyde (r=.383) anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak yaşam boyu öğrenme ve kültürel sermayenin birbiriyle etkileşim içerisinde olan iki nitelik olduğu; yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimi arttıkça kültürel sermayenin de artacağı görülmüştür. Öğretmenlerin yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ile kültürel sermayelerinin yüksek çıkması “aktarım” yoluyla yetiştirdikleri öğrencilerinde de bu niteliklerin yüksek olmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART IoT-BASED HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Adedoyin M.A. , Shoewu O.O. , Adenowo A.A. , Yussuff A.I.O. , Senapon M.F.
Published: April 2021

Advances in technology such as internet-of-things (IoT) and its wide-ranging applications have made it necessary to have smart homes. The ease with which home appliances can be remotely monitored and controlled improves the standard of living, as automatic processes are used to replace manual efforts to perform some basic functions in the home. The busy schedules of individuals have heightened the pressing need for intelligent homes. Household owners tend to pay more for electricity consumption even though they were not physically present at home, but their devices were either intentionally or ignorantly left ON when not in use. Elderly people and physically challenged individuals find it hard to execute fundamental tasks manually, such as switching ON/OFF lights, fan, TV set, and other home appliances. In this work, a smart home that can remotely automate the operation of home appliances and smartly make decisions without human interference is proposed. In addition, this paper presents a smart home system that has an interactive graphical user interface on an android device to allow the user to choose whether to remotely control and monitor the home from their android device or to enable automatic control using sensors that are interfaced with a home-based PIC microcontroller. The temperature sensor, the light sensor, the passive infrared sensor (PIR) and the Wi-Fi module, which enable internet connection between the microcontroller and the Android application, are all interfaced with the PIC microcontroller at the receiving end, while at the transmitting end, the graphical user interface application on the android device sends commands to the microcontroller to which the sensors and loads are interfaced. The proposed system will be very helpful in energy conservation, while ease of remotely operating home appliances is also provided to both physically challenged and healthy individuals.
Telemedicine and COVID-19: Experience of Medical Doctors in Cameroon
Authors: Armand Kouotou , Gaël Ananfack , Marcien Ngowa , Wilson Ndjitoyap , Reine Mendouga , Claude Ndjitoyap
Published: April 2021

Introduction : Since the beginning of Coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19), hospitals and health centres have become sites  of potential contamination and spread of the virus, and have had to reorganize  their working environments to limit infections of patients and health care providers while continuing to render health services for those affected by other ailments. The purpose of the study was to conduct a descriptive study to assess the practice of telemedicine among Cameroonian medical doctors through an electronic survey.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to June 2020 using an online data collection form designed on Google Forms. The questions dealt with socio-demographic data, the cancellation rate of appointments, the practice of teleconsultation, the frequency of telephone use, the means of teleconsultation used and the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. Participants comprised all physicians practicing in Cameroon using information and communication technologies

Results: A total of 253 participants were included, 56.5% of which were women. Physicians from the ten regions of the country were represented. Twenty percent (20.2%) of physicians practiced teleconsultation, of which 3.2% continued teleconsultations while in quarantine. Seventy-five percent (75.4%) of physicians used multiple communication modalities at the same time; the most used modality in combination with others was the WhatsApp android application. Forty-six percent (41.6%) of participants judged that the doctor-patient relationship was poor during teleconsultations.

Conclusion and recommendation: The practice of telemedicine is not widespread and is poorly framed in this setting. Regulatory authorities should put in place regulations and provide training to frame and ease access to the use of telemedicine
Overview of the Determination of Captopril Levels in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Matrices
Authors: Darma Nanda Aflyona , Rasyid Roslinda , Rivai Harrizul
Published: April 2021

Captopril is the most commonly prescribed ACE-Inhibitor class of drugs because it is easily accessible and affordable. Therefore, to ensure drug quality, captopril levels were determined. This review article aims to provide an overview of the various analytical techniques that have been carried out in selecting the groups of captopril in both pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological matrices. Some of these analytical methods include the UV-Visible spectrophotometric method, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), voltammetry, and flow injection. The data collection process in this review article is to collect research journals through trusted sites in the last ten years (2011-2021) with the search keywords "Determination of Captopril," "Analysis of Captopril on Pharmaceutical Preparations," and Analysis of Captopril on Biological Matrices." From the data that has been collected, the voltammetric method is the most widely used analytical technique in determining captopril for both pharmaceutical preparations and biological matrices in the last ten years.
THE INFLUENCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICE QUALITY ON COMMUNITY SATISFACTION AT THE REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL BUMI PANUA OF POHUWATO REGENCY
Authors: Syahrawanty Abbas  , Laksmin Kadir  , Titin Dunggio
Published: April 2021

The influence of infrastructure and service quality on community satisfaction at the Regional General Hospital BumiPanua of Pohuwato Regency. This research aims to find out and analyze the influence of infrastructure and service quality on community satisfaction at BLUD of Regional General Hospital BumiPanua of Pohuwato Regency.

This research uses a descriptive quantitative method. The sample in this research is the community and patients who have enjoyed services at BLUD of BumiPanua Hospital, Pohuwato Regency. Data analysis using multiple regression.

The results of the research showed that the infrastructure has a positive and significant influence on community satisfaction. Service quality has a significant influence on community satisfaction. Infrastructure and service quality simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on community satisfaction.