bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ER22/23EK AND TTH111I POLYMORPHIC VARIANTS IN THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR GENE IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: Kachkovska Vladyslava V.
Published: September 2023

Aim: The objective of the study was to evaluate the frequency of the ER22/23EK and Tth111I polymorphic variants in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene in patients with BA and to assess the risk of BA development with regard to these polymorphisms.
Materials and Methods: We examined 553 BA patients and 95 apparently healthy individuals. BA was diagnosed according to the 2016 GINA recommendations and its later versions. The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical Institute of Sumy State University. The ER22/23EK (rs 6189/6190) and Tth111I (rs10052957) polymorphisms in the GR gene were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistical analysis of obtained results was performed using SPSS–17 program.
Results: The obtained distribution of genotypes for the ER22/23EK and Tth111I polymorphisms in the GR gene corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg expectations (p > 0.05). We revealed no significant difference in the distribution of alleles and genotypes for the ER22/23EK polymorphism in the GR gene in patients with asthma and apparently healthy individuals (χ2 = 4.14; p = 0.126); apart from that, we found no statistically significant association with BA risk in any model of inheritance. A statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes for the Tth111I polymorphism in the GR gene in patients with asthma and apparently healthy individuals (χ2 = 6.278; p = 0.043). BA risk was 2.69 times higher in the carriers of TT genotype for the Tth111I polymorphism in the GR gene vs. major allele carriers. No gender-specific difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes and alleles for the ER22/23EK and Tth111I polymorphisms in the GR gene.
Conclusions: We found no gender-specific difference in the distribution of alleles and genotypes for the ER22/23EK and Tth111I polymorphisms in the GR gene; no difference in the distribution of alleles and genotypes for the ER22/23EK polymorphism in the GR gene in patients with asthma and apparently healthy individuals; and no statistically significant association with BA risk. A statistically significant difference was observed in the distribution of genotypes for the Tth111I polymorphism in the GR gene in patients with asthma and apparently healthy individuals; also, BA risk was 2.69 times higher in the minor allele homozygous patients vs. major allele carriers.
Debilidades del planeamiento urbanístico en el Derecho español
Authors: De-la-Cruz-Mera Ángela
Published: September 2023

Este artículo hace un repaso por aquellos aspectos que no sólo necesitan de una profunda reflexión, sino, sobre todo, de una rápida reforma si se quiere que el planeamiento urbanístico contribuya a la triple dimensión de la sostenibilidad: económica, social y medioambiental. Las principales debilidades de dicho planeamiento proceden de la normativa por la que se rigen, tanto urbanística como sectorial, de su cada vez más compleja tramitación, de la inexistencia de una participación ciudadana real, de la resistencia a los cambios sobre un modelo envejecido y muy alejado de la realidad de los problemas a resolver y, por último y no menos importante, de la falta de visión estratégica para enfrentarse a un mundo muy cambiante en el que las recetas heredadas difícilmente pueden seguir dando respuesta a un presente muy dinámico y, por supuesto, al futuro.
Low-Cost Solution for Adding Safety Functions to Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)
Authors: Theocharis Efstathios , Papoutsidakis Michail , Short Andrew , Zisimou Konstantia
Published: September 2023

Increasing requirements in automation and production make control systems more complex and vulnerable to failure. Breakdowns can cause delays in production, material damage, and above all, work-related accidents. For this reason, directives and legislation have been created at the country, European Union, and global levels that define the essential safety and requirements of industrial equipment. Guidelines must be observed by those involved in the design, supply, purchase, or use of industrial equipment in the European Union and several countries outside the European Union. Some guidelines (CAT, SIL) are created to ensure their safe operation in case of failure of both the hardware and the software. For a reliable operation of a fail safety system together with a system operating at SIL2 or SIL3, it must have Safety hardware and software. Industrial equipment manufacturers are incorporating security features into a variety of devices. Depending on the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) requirements, these features can be used during the design phase to increase safety in the event of failures or malfunctions. With proper design, the process as well as its environment (including people) can be protected by entering a controlled safe state. Manufacturers have approached this problem in a number of ways, including adding redundant Central Processing Units (CPUs), using special hardware to interface input and output signals, and developing secure network protocols for communication. Unfortunately, these features cannot be added to existing machines, at least without upgrading some hardware. As the associated costs lead to slower adoption, manufacturers rely on previous work to support certain security features, notably CPU debugging. This is implemented in the form of software libraries that operate at a low level (logic gate), designed to run on older hardware (PLC) so that they can offer an increased level of security. This study analyzes the required guidelines and legislation that must be followed for the safe operation of a production unit. It describes the mechanisms that basic and specialized PLC systems utilize to ensure the safety of an automation system. The authors have developed algorithms to record behavior measurements of electronic equipment. By further analyzing the results, it is concluded that basic equipment can be reused in these systems to provide safety functions, at the same time conserving both cost and time.
Predictors of Social Isolation and Loneliness among Elderly Residing in a Slum in Eastern India
Authors: Adwitiya Das  , Kuntal Bhattacharyya  , Soumitra Mondal  , Saikat Bhattacharya
Published: September 2023

Background: Geriatric population in India is expected to reach about 20% of total population by 2050.4,5 Thisbrings along newer challenges of not only physical morbidities, but psychosocial morbidities too for this groupof population. Social withdrawal and isolation, loneliness are two of those mental morbidities of concern. Socialisolation is an objective state defined as the absence of contact with other people and integration with othermembers of society.6 In contrast, loneliness is a subjective feeling caused by ‘being without some definite neededrelationship or set of relationships’7. Social isolation & loneliness both have impact on physical and mental wellbeing of a person.10-16 So, present study was conducted with the objective of assessing the extent of loneliness andsocial isolation among elderly in an urban community, and determining the covariates of the same.Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was undertaken from December 2019 to February 2020among 246 elderly men and women, 60 years & above residing in a slum in Chetla Kolkata. They were interviewedabout their demographic, financial supports and social supports. Social Isolation was assessed with the help ofsix item Lubben Social network scale-6.17,18 Loneliness was assessed with the help of the UCLA Loneliness Scaleversion 3.19,20 Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression was done tofind out factors associated with loneliness & social isolation.Results: Social isolation and loneliness were present in 120 (48.78%) and 125 (50.81%) subjects respectively.Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age>69 years. marital status other than married, inadequate income,and those living alone were at increased risk of social isolation. Inadequate income and male sex were at greaterrisk of loneliness.Conclusion: Social isolation & loneliness are present in almost half of the elderly living in an urban slum ofKolkata, which is alarming
Prescribing Pattern in Psychiatric OPD of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ajit Mogalgiddi  , Bukya Kalyani  , K. Nihal Balaji
Published: September 2023

Background: Psychiatric morbidity is on the rise in the developing economy India. Little data is available forpolicy makers to develop guidelines for rational and cost effective prescription of psychotropic drugs.Aims and Objectives: The present study aims to analyze the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs in apsychiatric Out Patient Department.Materials and Methods: This was a Hospital based prospective analysis of 100 Psychiatric OPD prescriptions.Consent was obtained prior enrollment. Pharmacological data along with clinical and demographical profile wascollected and analyzed. Data was collected in MS Excel and presented as numbers and percentages in the form oftables and figures.Results: There was an equal gender distribution. Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 20-40 years(55%).Depression(38%) was the most common diagnosis among all the prescriptions evaluated. The most commonlyprescribed drugs were antidepressants(38%) followed by anxiolytics, antipsychotics and mood stabilizers.Conclusion: Prescribing pattern was in accordance with standard guidelines. This data gives a brief overview ofthe psychotropics prescription pattern in our demographic region.
Health Seeking Behaviour among Tribal Population of Shekharakund Colony, Wayanad, Kerala
Authors: Arun T Mithrason  , Vijatha Thomas
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Health is the major pathway to human development. The individual self, various diseases, and theavailability and accessibility of health services all have an impact on how people seek health care.Objectives: The present study is aimed to assess the health seeking behaviours in the tribes of Paniya andKattunayakan in Shekharakund colony, Wayanad.Methods: Data to know the health seeking behaviour was collected using predesigned and pretested questionnairein the native language. Questions were asked about adequate health check-ups in nearby health centres, utilisationof health benefits from nearby PHCs, detection of pregnancy, antenatal check-ups, mode of delivery, immunizationof infants and prevalence of communicable and non-communicable disease (DM/HT) in the selected population,maternal and infant death in the community, knowledge about the antivenom for the snake envonemation, beliefin black magic in causation and treatment of disease.Results: Majority of the study population above 35yrs of age, did not seek health care benefits. 99% of the tribalpopulation found it difficult to take leave from work, 92% complained about long waiting time, 48 % were notsatisfied with the treatment, 95% of respondents said due to unavailability of doctors during the time they visited,98% agreed the distance of health centre was long for them to visit every time. 52.9% of tribal population preferredallopathic treatment over traditional healers. Only 29.4% of the population were aware of snake anti-venom.Conclusions: When treatment is sought, traditional medicines and healers play an important role in maintaininghealth and well-being among the ethnic groups. Traditional medicines and healers were preferred for treatment ofboth ‘simple and complicated diseases’ because of easy accessibility. They are aware of the superiority of modernhealth services but are hesitant to employ them due to the potential time loss.
Assessment of the Nutritional Disorders among School Going Adolescents in Rural Bankura District of West Bengal: A Cross-Sessional Study
Authors: Eashin Gazi  , Kallol Bhandari  , Arindam De  , Tushar Kanti Saha  , Aditya Prasad Sarkar
Published: September 2023

Background: Adolescent is very crucial period of life for growth and development of body and mind. Nutritioninfluences growth and development throughout infancy, childhood and adolescents.Aims: To find out the prevalence of nutritional deficiency disorders and dietary assessment among adolescent agegroup.Materials and Methods: Community based descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted among 6 ruralschools of Bankura-I community development block in Bankura district from February to May 2014. With the helpof pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured schedule total 600 adolescent students were interviewed and clinicalexaminations were done.Results: Mean age of study population was 13.2± 2.19 years. 7.0% of pupils were vegetarian and 93.0% was nonvegetarian.More than one fourth students consumed fast food /junk foods ≥ 3 serving/ week in this study. Total442 students were eligible for mid-day meal. Out of that 5.7% student did not take mid-day meal from their school.Iron folic acid (IFA) tablet was given only to girl students. 55.6% girls consumed IFA tab but rest did not consumeIFA tablets. Pallor was detected clinically in 33.5% of adolescents.Conclusions: School based as well as Community-based adolescent-friendly health and nutrition education andservices and economic development may improve the overall health and nutritional knowledge and status ofadolescents.
Prognostic Biochemical Markers Predicting Severity Caused by COVID 19: A Retrospective Observational Study Conducted in a Small Health-care Set UP in Western U.P.
Authors: Kamya Verma  , Prashant Swarnkar  , Gunjan Dutta  , Udita Gupta
Published: September 2023

Background: For assessment of mild to severe outcome points of SARS COV-2 we need to observe patients withcomorbidities along with basic laboratory markers like NLR, PLR, CRP, D-dimer, serum Ferritin etc. For theprediction of SARS COV-2 severity our study aims at basic available laboratory prognostic biomarkers.Methods and Result: Our study included 46 patients with mild, moderate and severe outcomes which werecategorised according to CRP, Serum Ferritin and D- dimer with p-Value < 0.001 for both outcomes which aresignificant as compared to outcome patients with p-Value = 0.01 which is slightly less significant.Conclusion: A raised value of CRP, ferritin, D-dimer and involvement of male gender and old age patients wereassociated with severity of the disease.Among these parameters, D-dimer was known to be the best predictor of the outcome.
Bacteriological Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Patients with Respiratory Tract Infections
Authors: Neha Patel
Published: September 2023

Background and Aim: Bacterial respiratory infections are most commonly causes of illness for all age group patientsin ICU. Most of the patients suffer from urosepsis, postoperative disease and lower respiratory infection whenadmitted in ICU’s. Broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) is an ideal sample that allows the recovery of pathogens cellularand noncellular components from the epithelial surface of lower respiratory tract. This study was performed todetect pathogenic organisms by microscopy of BAL fluid and isolate and identify various bacteria and fungi fromBAL fluid in culture and analyze their antibiogram.Material and Methods: The cross-sectional prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology,tertiary care teaching hospital, India. The study included 200 BAL samples taken from all consecutive patientsreferred with suspicion of pneumonia. Bronchial wash was done with the help of fibreoptic bronchoscope underlocal anaesthesia. All BAL samples were cultured on three bacteriological media agar plates using a sterile 4mmnichrome loop (0.01ml), and incubated at 37 C for 72 hours for quantitative bacterial culture using standardlaboratory techniques. Bacterial isolates were identified by performing standard microbiological procedures suchas study of colony morphology, Gram staining and standard biochemical tests.Results: Out of the total 200 samples, 120 (60%) were from males, and 80 (40%) were female patients. Thepredominant GNB was Klebsiella pneumoniae 45 (61%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22(30%), Esch.coli 6(8%) and the fungal isolate was Aspergillus niger 5(1%). Klebsiella & Pseudomonas were highly sensitive toamikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, gentamycin, followed by tobramycin.Conclusion: Results of the present study demonstrate the high incidence of gram-negative isolates. The study alsosuggests that regular antimicrobial sensitivity monitoring should be done as most isolates are highly resistant tocephalosporin and other commonly used antimicrobials
Relation of Hepatitis B Viral Load with Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen in Hepatitis B Positive Cases
Authors: Rati Saxena  , Shalini Gupta  , Dheeraj Saxena
Published: September 2023

Background: Despite of effective vaccineand impressive treatment, number of cases of hepatitis b virus rising dayby day. The reasons include low antibody titre in blood after vaccination, needle stick injury in medical personnel,lack of awareness in general public about the mode of transmissions and prevention. Also the treatment part isexpensive and monitored by repeated viral load and envelope antigen estimation.We are conducted a study todecrease the cost of diagnosis and monitoring of treatment by analyse if anyrelationship between viral load andenvelope antigen.Method: Total number of 54 blood samples of hepatitis b positive patients who were known to be infected the timeof withdrawn of blood, collected in a period of one year.The serums separated by centrifugation and preserved.All samples were tested for viral load by Thermo Fisher PCR kit and also for estimation of hepatitis b envelopeantigen by indirect ELISA. Results were analysed.Conclusion: On the basis of this study we can conclude that there is a relationship between hepatitis b envelopeantigen and viral load. When viral load reached in a patient up to a particular level antigen start rising andthen both proportionally increasing. In our study that particular level of viral loadis >106 copies/ml. It shows ifenvelope antigen of hepatitis b virus present in blood, the value of viral load should be more than 106copies/ml.In the scarcity of PCR only Elisa for envelope antigen can draw an approximate estimation of viral load.
Urate Nephropathy: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Raval Jaimin Jayantilal  , Sourav virmani  , Harshal Aswar  , Vipin Jamdagni  , Joshi Swetangkumar Madhusudan
Published: September 2023

Acute hyperuricemia most commonly occurs in patients who experience tumor-lysis syndrome. Hyperuricemiaalong with other electrolyte abnormalities like hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia leads to acutekidney injury (AKI) due to acute uric acid nephropathy which is associated with significant morbidity. High riskpatients are thus closely monitored for signs of these laboratory abnormalities. Extreme exercise, rhabdomyolysis,and seizures are rare causes of acute hyperuricemia. Serum uric acid level is not routinely monitored as a partof postictal labs. We report an unusual case of AKI in a young male and no associated rhabdomyolysis who wasfound to have acute uric acid nephropathy. Timely administration of Rasburicase prevented the need for dialysisin this patient and led to complete renal recovery. This case illustrates the importance of doing a urine microscopyand checking uric acid level in patients who develop unexplainable AKI, as timely management helps improveoutcome.
A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study on the Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Premature Rupture of Membranes in low-risk Pregnancies at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sarma Panchamee Pradip  , Deka Gitanjali
Published: September 2023

Background: Amniotic fluid plays multiple important roles in pregnancy like homeostasis, protection fromtrauma, infection, and also facilitates cervical dilation in labour. Therefore, if the fetal membranes are rupturedbefore time, the consequences that follow can be detrimental to the fetus as well as the mother. The etiology ofpremature rupture of membranes (PROM) is still largely unclear and the complications are manifold. Howeverprompt diagnosis and early management can help limit the adverse consequences and ensure a safe delivery.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ina tertiary care hospital in Tezpur, Assam, over a period of 1 year (2021-2022). Out of all the patients who attendedthe OPD or emergency labour room, 94 cases were included in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The data of these women was entered into a proforma and the study was done after due ethical clearance.Results: Hospital incidence was 1.3%, with more women being primigravidae. Majority of cases had unknown etiology butwomen from lower socioeconomic class showed more chances of PROM. Caesarean section was the mode of delivery in 68%cases. Most common maternal morbidity factor was fever at 7.4%. Most babies had a good APGAR score. 20.2% of babiesrequired admission to NICU. No maternal or perinatal mortality was seen.Conclusion: PROM is an enigmatic condition associated with high risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity andmortality, even in the absence of other obstetric complications. Timely management and appropriate interventioncan greatly improve both outcomes.
Leaving the Academic Sector: Saudi Society
Authors: Alshaikh Mubarak Abdulrahman
Published: September 2023

This study aims to identify the most important reasons academics prefer to leave work in the academic sector in favor of other opportunities outside the walls of universities. This study seeks to shed light on academics to understand their views on the actual motives of this phenomenon, its effects on administrative development in universities and society, and its repercussions on the competitiveness of universities in Saudi Arabia. This study was conducted through interviews with academics who have left academic work and with current academics or those who intend to leave academic work and depart from universities in favor of other opportunities. The results indicate that there are several reasons leading to job leakage, some of which are related to the university work environment, administrative complexities, weak leadership competencies, and bureaucracy. Some are related to the attractiveness of alternative opportunities in terms of financial compensation, self-fulfillment, and achieving a prestigious social status. The study indicates several effects resulting from the departure of academic talents and the implications of this phenomenon for the competitiveness of Saudi universities at the local, regional, and international levels. The study presents several recommendations derived from the study's results, which, if implemented, could contribute to reducing this phenomenon.
KEYWORDS
Administrative development, brain drain, career management, career success, job satisfaction, work environment.
Fragmentation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate) complexes induced by slow electrons
Authors: Kopyra Janina , Abdoul-Carime Hassan
Published: September 2023

Nowadays, organometallic complexes receive particular attention because of their use in the design of pure nanoscale metal structures. In the present work, we present results obtained from a series of studies on the degradation of metal(II) bis(acetylacetonate)s induced by low-energy electrons. These slow particles induce the formation of the acetylacetonate anion, [acac]−, and the parent anion as the most dominant species at incident electron energies near 0 eV. They also fragment the organometallic compounds via various competitive reaction channels that occur at higher energies via dissociative electron attachment. The reported data may contribute to a better understanding of the physical chemistry underlying the electron–molecule interactions, which is crucial for potential applications of these molecular systems in the deposition of nanoscale structures.
Competencias Funcionales y Calidad de la Gestión Educativa en una Institución Educativa, UGEL 01, SJM
Authors: Suarez Vásquez Leslie Evelin
Published: September 2023

La creciente complejidad de las instituciones educativas demanda que el personal a cargo de la dirección participe y atienda de manera progresiva su profesionalización, con la meta que brindar contestaciones óptimas a la gestión y retos a partir de la propuesta escolar de calidad, en tal sentido, la investigación se desarrolló a partir del paradigma positivista, de tipo aplicado, de nivel explicativo, de método hipotético-deductivo y de diseño no experimental, correlacional causal, donde la muestra fue de tipo censal, integrada por 42 docentes, además, para recoger datos se construyeron dos cuestionarios de 33 y 35 preguntas respectivamente, valorados mediante una escala Likert, y anticipadamente a partir de juicio de expertos se determinó la validez y mediante un ensayo la confiabilidad. Respecto a los resultados, el 14.3 % de docentes mencionaron que las competencias funcionales del directivo tienen desarrollo moderado y el 85.7 % eficiente, asimismo, el 2.4 % señaló que la calidad de la gestión se ubicó en rango bajo, 47.6 % regular y 50.0 % alto, por otro lado, sobre el análisis inferencial, se pudo observar que la Sig. = 0.000, por ello, se confirmó que las competencias funcionales son factor predictivo de la calidad de la gestión educativa, donde según Cox y Snell y Nagelkerke, las competencias funcionales explican el 99.5 % y 99.6 % respectivamente de la variabilidad de la calidad de la gestión educativa.
Índice de Masa Corporal en el Rendimiento Deportivo en Estudiantes de la UNCP en Tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Baltazar Borja Vicente Rolando , Chanca Amaya Elvis Adhimer , Roque Toribio Pablo Wilfredo
Published: September 2023

El problema se plantea a nivel regional y nacional, hasta el momento no se han realizado estudios sobre el índice de masa corporal relacionado con la actividad deportiva de los estudiantes profesionales de la región. Objetivo Determinar la relación entre el índice de masa corporal y el rendimiento deportivo de los estudiantes de VII ciclo de la Facultad de Educación Programa de estudios Educación Física y Psicomotricidad de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú durante la covid-19. Estos pasos fueron seguidos por la metodología científica; correlación de Pearson r=0,907, indicando una correlación muy alta; indicando que el índice de masa corporal es óptimo para su rendimiento deportivo. Cuarenta y seis estudiantes participaron utilizando el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la prueba brasileña matsudo, que mide el rendimiento deportivo. Conclusiones Se determinó que la aplicación del índice de masa corporal arroja resultados sobre la condición física y formas de imagen corporal de los estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú. Así, con la ayuda de los resultados obtenidos, es posible afirmar que el índice de masa corporal mejora el rendimiento deportivo en una crisis sanitaria provocada por el Covid 19.
Penerapan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) untuk Mendeteksi Prescreption Error pada Depo Farmasi Rawat Jalan Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Praya
Authors: Alawiyah Tuti Erma
Published: September 2023

Pelayanan rumah sakit termasuk di dalamnya pelayanan farmasi merupakan wilayah berisiko tinggi dalam mengakibatkan medication error. Medication error adalah kejadian yang merugikan pasien, akibat pemakaian obat selama dalam penanganan tenaga kesehatan. Medication error yang terjadi tentunya merugikan pasien dan dapat menyebabkan kegagalan terapi, bahkan dapat menimbulkan efek obat yang tidak diharapkan. Medication error pada fase prescribing terjadi karena rasio antara beban kerja dan SDM tidak seimbang, penulisan resep tidak memenuhi persyaratan kelengkapan resep, gangguan pada saat bekerja berupa dering telpon, pencahayaan, serta permintaan obat secara lisan. Dalam analisis resiko dapat digunakan berbagai metode salah satunya adalah Failure Mode and Effect Analysis atau FMEA. Hasil analisis prescription error dengan menggunakan metode FMEA yaitu indikator tidak ada riwayat alergi dengan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) 100, tidak ada diagnosa pasien, tidak ada pengkajian resep dan tidak ada nomor rekam medik memiliki nilai RPN masing-masing 60, dan terakhir tidak ada tanggal lahir pasien memiliki nilai RPN 36. Setelah itu dilakukan analisis penyebab ketidaklengkapan penulisan resep yang menyebabkan prescription error dengan menggunakan analisa Fish bone sehingga memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terjadinya prescription error yaitu dikarenakan faktor SDM dengan beban pekerjaan yang tinggi, komunikasi yang tidak efektif antar petugas kesehatan serta dari pengaruh pasien itu sendiri yang memiliki karakter terburu-buru dan tidak mengetahui dampak yang sangat besar jika terjadi kesalahan dalam penulisan resep.
Analisis Pencapaian Indikator Kapitasi Berbasis Kinerja Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Fadila Rizki , Mega Putri Via  , AAI Citra Dewiyani  , Anggi Ardhia
Published: September 2023

Salah satu implementasi sistem kendali mutu dan kendali biaya pada Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama (FKTP) adalah adanya penyesuaian pembayaran kapitasi berdasarkan pencapaian indikator Kapitasi Berbasis Kinerja (KBK). Hingga saat ini, pencapaian indikator KBK di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Blitar masih belum maksimal. Penelitan ini merupakan penelitan deskriptif kualitatif menggunakan data capaian indikator KBK pada Puskesmas di wilayah kota Blitar. Rata-rata capaian pembayaran KBK di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Blitar sebesar 98%. Hambatan yang dialami dalam pencapaian target indikator angka kontak pada Puskesmas di wilayah Kota Blitar adalah meningkatnya penyebaran virus Covid-19, seringnya gangguan pada aplikasi P-Care dan minimnya kemampuan petugas dalam melakukan input data ke aplikasi P-Care. Selain itu, tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pencapaian indikator RRNS adalah adanya permintaan pasien untuk dapat langsung dirujuk ke Rumah Sakit tanpa melalui pemeriksaan terlebih dahulu dan adanya perbedaan persepsi terkait implementasi rujukan antara Puskesmas dengan BPJS Kesehatan. Disisi lain, kendala yang dihadapi dalam pencapaian target indikator RPPT di Puskesmas wilayah Kota Blitar dikarenakan sebagian besar peserta lanjut usia dan adanya pandemi Covid-19 yang menyebabkan beberapa kegiatan Prolanis tidak dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik.
Identifikasi Faktor Risiko Melalui Finnish Diabetes Risk Score Sebagai Prediktor Risiko Terjadinya Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2
Authors: Zaenal Arifin  , Ilham  , Baiq Ruli Fatmawati  , Hapipah  , Istianah
Published: September 2023

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di seluruh dunia yang kasusnya terus mengalami peningkatan. Upaya pengendalian faktor risiko sejak dini dapat mencegah terjadinya diabetes melitus dan menurunkan risiko terjadinya komplikasi  dimasa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko yang menjadi prediktor terjadinya diabetes mellitus di masa yang akan datang. Pengambilan data dalam penelitisn ini menggunakan instrumen Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) yang telah tervalidasi yang terdiri dari delapan komponen yaitu usia, indeks masa tubuh, lingkar pinggang, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi sayur dan buah, penggunaan obat antihipertensi, riwayat kadar glukosa darah dan riwayat diabetes mellitus dalam keluarga. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 repsonden. Hasil dari identifikasi faktor risiko dengan menggunakan FINDRISC terhadap  30 responden didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut responden dengan kategori rendah sebanyak 12 orang  (40%), responden pada kategori sedikit meningkat yaitu sebanyak 13 orang (43,3%),  responden dengan kategori menengah sebanyak 2 orang (6,66%) dan responden dengan kategori tinggi sebanyak 3 orang (10%). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat menjadi perhatian dan kewaspaan dari responden untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan sedini mungkin guna menghindari terjadinya diabetes mellitus dan komplikasi diabetes mellitus pada 10 tahun mendatang.
Analisa Guided Imagery pada Intensitas Nyeri Pasca Pemasangan KB Implant
Authors: Gurnita Fauziah Winda , Indah Wulaningsih  , Arina Mustafidah
Published: September 2023

Implan merupakan salah satu kontrasepsi jangka panjang (MKJP) yang paling banyak digunakan. Salah satu kerugian yang dapat dialami juga yaitu rasa nyeri saat pemasangan maupun pasca pemasangan alat kotrasepsi implant tersebut. Guided imagery merupakan terapi modalitas untuk menekan rasa nyeri. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh guided imagery terhadap intensitas nyeri pada ibu pasca pemasangan KB implant.  Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasy experiment. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 26 ibu pasca pemasangan KB implant di Puskesmas Demak II. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat nyeri sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji t berpasangan. Hasil: Semua ibu post pemasangan implant  mengalami penurunan tingkat nyeri setelah diberikan guided imagery dengan mean rank (rata-rata peringkat) yaitu 13,5 dengan nilai P=0,000. Kesimpulan: Guided imagery berpengaruh terhadap nyeri pada ibu pasca pemasangan KB implant.
Mixed Convection Hybrid Nanofluid Flow past a Stagnation-Point Region with Variable Viscosity and Second-Order Slip
Authors: Shahirah Abu Bakar  , Norihan Md Arifin  , Ioan Pop
Published: September 2023

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of mixed convection flow dispersed with a hybrid nanofluid over a permeable shrinking surface past a stagnation-point region considering the influence of second-order velocity slip and variable viscosity on the flow behaviour. For the hybrid nanofluid, water (H2O) is chosen to be the base fluid, while silver (Ag) decorated copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles are employed as the hybrid component. To achieve the mathematical model, a suitable method of similarity transformation is applied to convert the partial differential equations (PDEs) model into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The shooting technique method and bvp4c solver in MAPLE and MATLAB are employed to obtain the analytical solutions of the mathematical model. The obtained results, including the impacts of variable viscosity, second-order velocity slip, mixed convection parameter, suction, shrinking parameter, and nanofluid volume fraction, are presented through tables and figures. The study reveals the existence of dual solutions (upper and lower branches) prior to shrinking sheet . Furthermore, the thermal distribution exhibits mixed behaviours with respect to the variable viscosity number and second-order slip parameter, while demonstrating an increase with the presence of Ag- . The velocity distribution experiences an enhancement with both concentration and variable viscosity number. Stability analysis is then employed and shows that the first branch is stable, whereas the second branch exhibits an opposite outcome.
Effectiveness analysis of a hard-kill underwater defense system for surface warships against wake-homing torpedo attack
Authors: Shin Myoungin , Hong Wooyoung , Lee Jinho
Published: September 2023

We conducted simulations to analyze the effects of a hard-kill-type underwater defense system that defends friendly warships against an enemy wake-homing torpedo. Assuming that the enemy torpedo is a wake-homing torpedo, our surface warship detours to the prespecified evasive course by firing a hard-kill-type system, which is modeled as a passive acoustic homing-torpedo, to attack the enemy torpedo. We analyzed the effectiveness of a warship’s survival probability via Monte Carlo simulation, given the probabilistic angles of the launched torpedoes, to compare two cases where one used only evasive maneuvering and the other used the hard-kill-type underwater defense system with evasion at the same time. By changing the maximum torpedo detection range of a warship and the torpedo’s initial location, we observed that the resulting survival probability of a warship was above 61% with a hard-kill-type defense system, whereas it remained at 34% without a hard-kill defense system, the necessity of a hard-kill underwater defense system, especially against wake-homing torpedoes.
Öğretmenlerde İlk Yardım Öz Yeterliliğinin Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: DEMİRBİLEK Ömer , AĞAHAN Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Çocukluk ve gençlik bireylerin travma ve kazaları en sık yaşadığı dönemdir. Yaşanan kaza ve travmalar kaynaklı yaralanma ve ölümler basit ilk yardım müdahaleleri ile azaltılabilir. Bu doğrultuda başta öğretmenler olmak üzere bütün bireylerin ilk yardım uygulamalarını bilme ve uygulayabilmeleri önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmenlerde ilk yardım öz yeterliliklerinin ve ilk yardım öz yeterliliklerinin bireysel değişkenler ile ilişkisini belirlemektir.

Çalışma betimsel tarama şeklinde, uygulama ve veri toplama açısından ise kesitsel olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın evrenini Türkiye’de yer alan, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı okullarda görev yapan öğretmenler, örneklemi ise çalışmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Ev Kazalarında İlk Yardım Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 25.0 programı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans, yüzdelik, ortalama, standart sapma kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygunluğu çarpıklık, basıklık değerleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler normal dağılım gösterdiği için iki farklı grup karşılaştırmalarda t testi, üç veya daha fazla grup karşılaştırmalarında tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır.

Araştırmanın sonuçları öğretmenlerin ilk yardım öz yeterliliklerinin 41,4±8,66 ile ortalamanın üstünde olduğunu göstermektedir. Öğretmenlerde ilk yardım öz yeterliliği ilk yardım eğitimi alma, afet eğitimi alma durumlarında anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte yaş, eğitim seviyesi, gelir durumu, medeni durum gibi özelliklerin ilk yardım öz yeterliliğini farklılaştırmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre öğretmenlere ilk yardım eğitimlerinin düzenlenmesi öğretmenlerde ilk yardım öz yeterliliğini daha da arttıracaktır.
Fitness Egzersizi Yapan Bireylerin Beslenmeye Yönelik Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÇEVİK Ali , DOKUZOĞLU Gökhan , ZORBA Ercan
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada, fitness egzersizi yapan bireylerin beslenmeye yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu; İstanbul ilinde fitness merkezlerinde fitness ile uğraşan 307 katılımcı oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılara Google Formlar aracılığıyla ulaşılmış ve anketin doldurulmasında gönüllülük esas alınmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk bölümünde kişisel bilgi formu, ikinci bölümünde Demir ve Cicioğlu tarafından geliştirilen “Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği” yer almaktadır. Çalışmanın analizinde; SPSS 25.0 paket programı kullanılmış ve verilerin normal dağılıma uygun olup olmadığı Kolmogrov Smirnov analizi sonuçlarına bakılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Anlamlılık değerinin 0.05’ten küçük olduğu ve analizde non-parametrik testlerin uygun olduğuna karar verilmiştir. Yapılan analizler; Kruskal Wallis H testi ve Mann Whitney U testleri, frekans, yüzde hesaplamaları, güvenirlik katsayısı hesaplamaları şeklindedir. Analizde %95 güven aralığı esas alınmıştır. Analiz sonucunda; katılımcıların beslenmeye ilişkin tutum düzeyleri ile eğitim durumu ve gelir durumu değişkenleri arasında sadece beslenme hakkında bilgi alt boyutunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu, katılımcıların beslenmeye ilişkin tutum düzeyleri ile spor geçmişi değişkeni arasında yapılan analizde beslenme hakkında bilgi ve beslenmeye yönelik duygu alt boyutlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak; katılımcıların kötü beslenme düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, diğer tüm boyutlar ve ölçek toplam puanlarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir.
Evolutionary Origins of Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Effects of Common Envelope Efficiency and Metallicity
Authors: Gallegos-Garcia Monica , Berry Christopher P. L. , Kalogera Vicky
Published: September 2023

The formation histories of compact binary mergers, especially stellar-mass binary black hole mergers, have recently come under increased scrutiny and revision. We revisit the question of the dominant formation channel and efficiency of forming binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. We use the stellar and binary evolution code MESA and implement a detailed method for common envelope and mass transfer. We perform simulations for donor masses between 7 M
⊙ and 20 M
⊙ with a neutron star (NS) companion of 1.4 M
⊙ and 2.0 M
⊙ at two metallicities, using varying common envelope efficiencies and two different prescriptions to determine if the donor undergoes core collapse or electron capture, given their helium and carbon–oxygen cores. In contrast to the case of binary black hole mergers, for an NS companion of 1.4 M
⊙, all BNS mergers are formed following a common envelope phase. For an NS mass of 2.0 M
⊙, we identify a small subset of mergers following only stable mass transfer if the NS receives a natal kick sampled from a Maxwellian distribution with velocity dispersion σ = 265 km s−1. Regardless of the supernova prescription, we find more BNS mergers at subsolar metallicity compared to solar.
Machine-learning Cosmology from Void Properties
Authors: Wang 汪 Bonny Y. 玥 , Pisani Alice , Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Wandelt Benjamin D.
Published: September 2023

Cosmic voids are the largest and most underdense structures in the Universe. Their properties have been shown to encode precious information about the laws and constituents of the Universe. We show that machine-learning techniques can unlock the information in void features for cosmological parameter inference. We rely on thousands of void catalogs from the GIGANTES data set, where every catalog contains an average of 11,000 voids from a volume of

1

h

−
1

Gpc

3

. We focus on three properties of cosmic voids: ellipticity, density contrast, and radius. We train (1) fully connected neural networks on histograms from individual void properties and (2) deep sets from void catalogs to perform likelihood-free inference on the value of cosmological parameters. We find that our best models are able to constrain the value of Ω
m
, σ
8, and n

s
with mean relative errors of 10%, 4%, and 3%, respectively, without using any spatial information from the void catalogs. Our results provide an illustration for the use of machine learning to constrain cosmology with voids.
A Titov–Démoulin Type Eruptive Event Generator for β > 0 Plasmas
Authors: Sokolov Igor V. , Gombosi Tamas I
Published: September 2023

We provide exact analytical solutions for the magnetic field produced by prescribed current distributions located inside a toroidal filament of finite thickness. The solutions are expressed in terms of toroidal functions, which are modifications of the Legendre functions. In application to the MHD equilibrium of a twisted toroidal current loop in the solar corona, the Grad–Shafranov equation is decomposed into an analytic solution describing an equilibrium configuration against the pinch-effect from its own current and an approximate solution for an external strapping field to balance the hoop force. Our solutions can be employed in numerical simulations of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). When superimposed on the background solar coronal magnetic field, the excess magnetic energy of the twisted current loop configuration can be made unstable by applying flux cancellation to reduce the strapping field. Such loss of stability accompanied by the formation of an expanding flux rope is typical for the Titov & Démoulin eruptive event generator. The main new features of the proposed model are as follows: the filament is filled with finite β plasma with finite mass and energy, the model describes an equilibrium solution that will spontaneously erupt due to magnetic reconnection of the strapping magnetic field arcade, and there are analytic expressions connecting the model parameters to the asymptotic velocity and total mass of the resulting CME, providing a way to connect the simulated CME properties to multipoint coronograph observations.
Long-term Evolution of Massive-star Post-common-envelope Circumbinary Disks and the Environments of Fast Luminous Transients
Authors: Tuna Semih , Metzger Brian D.
Published: September 2023

If the envelope of a massive star is not entirely removed during common envelope (CE) interaction with an orbiting compact (e.g., black hole (BH) or neutron star (NS)) companion, the residual bound material eventually cools, forming a centrifugally supported disk around the binary containing the stripped He core. We present a time-dependent height-integrated model for the long-term evolution of post-CE circumbinary disks (CBDs), accounting for mass and angular momentum exchange with the binary, irradiation heating by the He core, and photoevaporation wind mass loss. A large fraction of the CBD’s mass is accreted prior to its outwards viscous spreading and wind dispersal on a timescale of ∼104–105 yr, driving significant orbital migration, even for disks containing ∼10% of the original envelope mass. Insofar that the CBD lifetime is comparable to the thermal (and, potentially, nuclear) timescale of the He core, over which a second mass-transfer episode onto the companion can occur, the presence of the CBD could impact the stability of this key phase. Disruption of the core by the BH/NS would result in a jetted energetic explosion into the dense gaseous CBD (≲1015 cm) and its wind (≳1016 cm), consistent with the environments of luminous fast blue optical transients like AT2018cow. Evolved He cores that undergo core collapse still embedded in their CBD could generate Type Ibn/Icn supernovae. Thousands of dusty wind-shrouded massive-star CBDs may be detectable as extragalactic luminous infrared sources with the Roman Space Telescope; synchrotron radio nebulae powered by the CBD-fed BH/NS may accompany these systems.
Variability of Magnetic Hot Stars from the TESS Observations
Authors: Shen Dong-Xiang , Li Gang , Abdusamatjan Iskandar , Fu Jian-Ning , Zhu Chun-Hua , Yu Jin-Long , Zhang Yu , Lü Guo-Liang , Zhai Nan-Nan , Liu Jin-Zhong
Published: September 2023

Magnetic hot stars refer to stars that have effective temperatures approximately in the range from 7000–50,000 K, and with large-scale globally organized magnetic fields. These magnetic fields exhibit strengths ranging from tens of Gauss to tens of kilo-Gauss. They are key in understanding the effects caused by magnetic fields in the stellar evolution. However, there are only three magnetic hot stars studied via a combination of spectropolarimetric and asteroseismic modeling. Combined with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite sectors 1–56 data sets, we provided a photometric variability and stochastic low-frequency (SLF) variability study of 118 magnetic hot stars. Nine new rotating variable stars are identified. Using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework, we fitted the morphologies of SLF variability for magnetic hot stars. Our analysis reveals that the magnetic hot stars in our sample have γ < 5.5 with the vast majority having 1 ≤ γ ≤ 3. The ν
char is primarily in the ranges of 0 day−1 < ν
char < 6.3 day−1. The amplitude of SLF variability, log α
0, shows a dominant distribution ranging from 0.8–3. No significant correlations are observed between the luminosity and fitting parameters, suggesting no clear dependence of SLF variability on stellar mass for our sample of magnetic hot stars with masses between approximately 1.5 M
⊙ < M < 20 M
⊙. We found a significant negative correlation between the B
p and ν
char. This suppression effect of magnetic fields on ν
char may be a result of their inhibition of macroturbulence.