bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O cerceamento da atividade cultural por meio da legislação ambiental em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, no ano de 2018
Authors: Abdo João Paulo , Araújo Giselle Marques de , Oliveira Ademir Kleber Morbeck de
Published: November 2021

No ano de 2018, em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, a Lei Municipal 2.909/92, conhecida popularmente como “Lei do Silêncio”, sofreu alterações em seus dispositivos, de modo a restringir os limites sonoros de eventos culturais a 45 decibéis. Em consequência disso, espaços destinados à cultura foram fechados, por não conseguirem estar de acordo com as determinações legais para o funcionamento. Além do encerramento de atividades de locais que fomentavam a cultura independente e autoral, com ênfase na música, trabalhadores perderam também seus empregos. Desse modo, o presente estudo visa trazer à tona algumas das implicações que a alteração da lei trouxe à vida cultural da cidade e entender os conceitos música, arte e cultura dentro dessa legislação. Para isso, foram aplicadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, posteriormente analisadas na perspectiva de Bardin (2009), a produtores culturais no período em questão, além de análise documental e revisão de literatura complementar, a fim de se confirmar a hipótese de que a diminuição de decibéis proposta pela legislação ambiental é uma forma de desarticulação às manifestações culturais na cidade. Espera-se, com este trabalho, ampliar o debate acerca da importância cultural para o desenvolvimento social e ambiental, além de levantar informações que possam contribuir para definir conceitos inconsistentes na Lei.
Aspectos do empreendedorismo imigrante brasileiro em Toronto
Authors: Machado Michel Mott , Falcão Roberto Pessoa de Queiroz , Cruz Eduardo Picanço , Hossein Caroline Shenaz
Published: November 2021

O artigo descreve as atividades do empreendedorismo brasileiro em Toronto, Canadá. Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de 74 questionários a empreendedores brasileiros e entrevistas semiestruturadas com 42 destes, gerando uma abordagem multimétodos com análise de dados descritivos da survey e das trajetórias empreendedoras e de histórias de vida. Os pesquisadores realizaram também um trabalho de campo com visita e observação dos estabelecimentos e de empreendedores brasileiros da região. Os respondentes são majoritariamente da região Sudeste, branca, entre 30 e 49 anos, com alta escolaridade e boa proficiência de inglês. Foi identificada uma intenção para empreender por necessidade. A maioria dos negócios é de pequeno porte, incluindo empresas prestadoras de serviços situados na região West de Toronto. Evidenciou-se que a necessária adaptação cultural e a criação de redes de negócios e networking são elementos fundamentais para a criação e manutenção dos negócios. Resultados sugerem fatores que podem ser relevantes à ampliação dos negócios, tais como o capital social, a inteligência cultural, a adaptação do produto/serviço com vistas a alcançar um público mais amplo, o desenvolvimento de meios alternativos de capitalização e o aprimoramento do capital humano, por meio de educação formal e desenvolvimento de habilidades empreendedoras e administrativas. Implicações teóricas e práticas são discutidas ao final do artigo.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Pengawetan Makanan di Masa Pandemi dalam Membantu Ekonomi Masyarakat
Authors: Arifin Syamsul , Husaini Husaini , Marlinae Lenie , Khairiyati Laily , Waskito Agung , Rahmat Anugrah Nur , Theana Sherly , Taufik Taufik , Afifah Noor Laila , Gilmani Muhammad , Syarifatul Jannah Winda Saukina , Azizah Ammara Ulfa , Jinan Raudatul , Fawaz Fairuz Nur
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 terus menerus menyebar luas dan memperpanjang kecemasan masyarakat khususnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, dapat dilihat dari sebagian besar masyarakat tidak lagi bekerja atau berdagang. Masyarakat pekerja informal yang pendapatannya harian dan tidak pasti mengalami penurunan pendapatan. Peristiwa ini mengakibatkan konsumsi di masyarakat pekerja informal juga menurun. Perlu upaya dalam mengatasi permasasalahan perubahan kondisi seperti saat ini. Salah satunya adalah dengan melakukan pembinaan dalam berwirausaha, terutama ibu-ibu rumah tangga untuk mengisi waktu luangnya dapat berwirausaha sesuai kemampuannya masing-masing. Metode yang digunakan meliputi tahap pendekatan kemasyarakatan ABG (Advokasi, Bina Suasana dan Gerakan Masyarakat), Survey lapangan, pelatihan dan evaluasi menggunakan pretest dan posttest. Berdasarkan hasil pre test terdapat 23 responden (76,7%) yang tingkat pengetahuannya baik dan setelah pemberian materi dan pelatihan, berdasarkan hasil post test terdapat 30 responden (100%) yang tingkat pengetahunnya baik. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan pada masyarkat terkait pengawetan makanan. Peningkatan pengetahuan tersebut sangat berguna untuk membantu ekonomi masyarakat dalam menghadapi covid-19. Kata kunci: pengawetan makanan, pandemic, ekonomi masyarakat
Penyuluhan dan Edukasi kepada Masyarakat terkait Pengelolaan Sampah
Authors: Waskito Agung - , Rahayu Rahayu - , Meydina Gusti Jauza , Fitria Dina - , Nesty Darma - , Putri Aniqa Tadzkiya
Published: November 2021

Sampah dapat diartikan sebagai bahan buangan dari hasil kegiatan manusia yang tidak lagi terpakai. Hingga saat ini, kuantitas sampah semakin meningkat dan bahkan melebihi jumlah penduduk. Pengalaman Belajar di Lapangan (PBL) II yang dilaksanakan kelompok 4 secara daring melalui WhatsApp Group dengan peserta sebanyak 14 orang dan dibantu oleh aparat desa. Hal ini bertujuan agar peserta yang masih kurang memahami materi dapat bertanya, sehingga penyuluh dapat membantu menggambarkan hal-hal yang masih belum dipahami. Hasil pre-test dan post-test, pengetahuan masyarakat mengalami peningkatan dari hasil rata-rata pre-test yaitu 59,82 meningkat menjadi rata-rata post-test 70,10 sedangkan sikap masyarakat mengalami penurunan dari hasil rata-rat  pre-test yaitu 60 menjadi rerata post-test 54,28. Hasil yang didapat melalui uji Wilcoxon pada pre test dan post test mengenai pengetahuan pengelolaan sampah yaitu p-value 0,008 artinya terdpat hubungan yang signifkan, dan untuk hasil sikap pengelolaam sampah yaitu 0,305 artinya tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan pada sikap dari hasil pre test dan post test setelah diberi materi.
Penerapan Teknologi Alat Kristalisasi Dalam Upaya Pengolahan Produk Dalam Pangan Serbuk Herbal Instan di Kelurahan Kereng Bangkirai
Authors: Trinovita Elsa , Fatmaria Fatmaria
Published: November 2021

Abstract One of the ginger rhizome processing technologies is by making instant drink powder. Instant drinks food processed products in powder, practical in presenting and have long-saving power and easily dissolved in hot, cold and warm water. However, making ginger powder is done manually using human power in stirring ginger water until it becomes a powder for a long time, causing the moving process to be unstable. Therefore, the crystallizer tool is designed to help the manual stirring process increase the quality of instant ginger powder products. In Kereng Bangkirai Village, Palangka Raya City, the community service activities were carried out in lectures/socialization/counseling, demonstration tools, leaflet distribution, pre-test / post-test evaluations, and feedback. Through this, community service can convey scientific information for the community so that two-way communication is established between the source person and participants of the activity, especially mothers in Kereng Bangkirai Village, Palangka Raya City, to remain productive independent in increasing the economy of the family business. In addition, it can also be one of the business opportunities in individuals and groups involved in UMKM, which can later be packaged with attractive. Keywords: Ginger Powder, Crystallizer, Instant drink Abstrak Salah satu teknologi pengolahan rimpang jahe adalah dengan pembuatan serbuk minuman instan. Minuman instan produk olahan pangan yang berbentuk serbuk, praktis dalam penyajian dan memiliki daya simpan yang lama dan mudah larut dalam air panas, dingin maupun hangat. Namun, proses pembuatan serbuk jahe yang dilakukan secara manual menggunakan tenaga manusia dalam mengaduk air jahe sampai menjadi serbuk dalam waktu cukup lama sehingga menyebabkan proses pengadukan menjadi tidak stabil. Oleh karena itu, dirancang alat kristalizer untuk membantu proses pengadukan manual sehingga kualitas produk serbuk jahe instan dapat meningkat.  Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Kereng Bangkirai Kota Palangka Raya ini dalam bentuk ceramah/sosialisasi/penyuluhan, demontrasi alat, pembagian leaflet, evaluasi pre-test/pos-test dan umpan balik. Melalui kegiatan  pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dapat sebagai sarana dalam menyampaikan informasi  secara ilmiah bagi masyarakat sehingga terjalin komunikasi dua arah antara narasumber dan peserta kegiatan, khususnya ibu-ibu di Kelurahan Kereng Bangkirai Kota Palangka Raya untuk tetap produktif dan mandiri dalam meningkatkan perekonomian usaha keluarga. Selain itu, juga dapat sebagai salah satu peluang usaha dalam individu maupun kelompok yang terlibat dalam UMKM yang nantinya dapat dikemas dengan menarik.  Kata kunci: serbuk jahe, kristalizer, minuman instan
Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan Untuk Budidaya Sayuran Dengan Sistem Hidroponik Sederhana
Authors: Achnopha Yudhi
Published: November 2021

Rendahnya pengetahuan petani dalam memanfaatkan pekarangan rumah untuk pertanian seperti budidaya tanaman sayuran merupakan masalah yang dihadapi oleh petani di Desa Sei. Beras. Hal ini disebabkan karena lahannya merupakan lahan gambut yang mengalami banjir ketika musim hujan termasuk lahan pekarangan. Petani setempat belum mengetahui teknologi yang tepat yang dapat dilakukan untuk pemanfaatan kawasan pekarangan. Di samping itu, mahalnya harga pupuk kimia di pasaran menjadi alasan lain petani tidak memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan merupakan bentuk penyaluran pengetahuan dosen Pertanian dari Universitas Jambi dalam rangka meningkatkan keterampilan dari peserta untuk memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan dengan bahan yang mudah diperoleh. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diikuti oleh 12 orang peserta yang terdiri dari ketua kelompok tani dan anggota kelompok tani. Peserta sangat antusias mengikuti setiap tahapan kegiatan baik dalam sesi diskusi maupun praktek. Dengan memanfaatkan limbah pertanian ramah lingkungan, peserta diberikan pengetahuan dalam membuat sistem hidroponik sederhana yang terdiri atas nutrisi dan media yang digunakan. Setiap peserta diminta untuk memberikan informasi terkait jumlah produksi dari sayuran yang ditanam pada hidroponik setelah kegiatan dilakukan. Kegiatan ini dinilai berhasil, salah satunya dibuktikan dengan adanya  dukungan desa, dimana peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini diminta untuk melatih  KWT-KWT (kelompok Wanita Tani) yang ada di Desa Sei. Beras serta menjadi desa “Swasembada Sayur”.
Sosialisasi Infografis Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Pada Masa Pandemi di Kelurahan Sungai Ulin
Authors: Utami Juliyatin Putri , Sari Galuh Dwinta , Santoso Haluanry Doane , Arifin Rahmad
Published: November 2021

An understanding of the importance of maintaining dental and oral health in this pandemic era will determine the overall health of the community in order to avoid exposure to the Covid-19 virus. Communities are required to be able to overcome their own dental problems. The use of infographics in print and electronic media is the most effective way to attract people to want to read and understand the contents of the Importance of Maintaining Dental and Oral Health during the Covid-19 Pandemic for the Community South Kalimantan. This socialization is in the form of a series of activities carried out to socialize the importance of maintaining dental and oral health during a pandemic by guiding the infographics in 2 languages, namely Indonesian and Banjarese. This activity was carried out at Sungai Ulin Health Center, Sungai Ulin Village, North Banjarbaru District, Banjarbaru City with limited counseling participants namely 20 people. The results of community service supported by questionnaire data illustrated the importance of effective communication media in conveying information about the importance of maintaining oral health during a pandemic. Infographic socialization about the importance of maintaining dental and oral health during a pandemic was needed to support the level of public knowledge in maintaining dental and oral health. The knowledge provided could be the basis to be realized in the behavior of daily life and in checking the dentist during a pandemic.
Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah dalam Menganalisis Raport Mutu Sekolah Melalui Supervisi Manajerial Metode Workshop
Authors: Murniyati Murniyati
Published: November 2021

This research aimed to improve the competence of school principals in target elementary schools in analyzing the quality of schools report cards based on National Education Standards (SNP) through managerial supervision by the workshop method. The method used in this research was school action research through two cycles. The subjects of this study were seven elementary school principals in the target area of the North Tapin sub-district, Tapin Regency. The instruments used in this study were the analysis table worksheet and the preparation of recommendations for the quality mapping results, and the supervision implementation sheet. Data were analyzed descriptively quantitative. The results showed: (1) 28.57% of the target school principals completed individually and 64.29% completed classically in the first cycle; (2) 100% of the target school principals have completed individually and 85.71% have completed classically in cycle II. Based on the research results, the managerial supervision by workshop method could improve school principals' competence in analysing school quality report cards based on SNP in the education units.Keywords: Report; School principals; Supervision; WorkshopTujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan  kompetensi kepala sekolah di Sekolah Dasar (SD) binaan dalam menganalisis raport mutu sekolah berbasis Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) melalui supervisi manajerial metode workshop. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah melalui dua siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah tujuh orang kepala sekolah SD di wilayah binaan kecamatan Tapin Utara Kabupaten Tapin. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar kerja tabel analisis dan penyusunan rekomendasi terhadap hasil pemetaan mutu, dan lembar pelaksanaan supervisi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) 28,57% kepala sekolah binaan tuntas secara individu dan 64,29% tuntas secara klasikal pada siklus I; (2) 100% kepala sekolah binaan tuntas secara individu dan 85,71% tuntas secara klasikal pada siklus II. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut supervisi manajerial metode workshop dapat meningkatkan kompetensi kepala sekolah dalam menganalisis raport mutu sekolah berbasis SNP di satuan Pendidikan.Kata Kunci: Raport; Kepala Sekolah; Supervisi; Workshop
Early Lesion of Post-Primary Tuberculosis: Subclinical Driver of Disease and Target for Vaccines and Host-directed Therapies.
Authors: Brown Robert E. E. , Hunter Robert L
Published: November 2021

The characteristic lesion of primary tuberculosis is the granuloma as is widely studied in human tissues and animal models. Post-primary tuberculosis is different. It develops only in human lungs and begins as a prolonged subclinical obstructive lobular pneumonia that slowly accumulates mycobacterial antigens and host lipids in alveolar macrophages with nearby highly sensitized T cells. After several months, the lesions undergo necrosis to produce a mass of caseous pneumonia large enough to fragment and be coughed out to produce a cavity or be retained as the focus of a post-primary granuloma. Here we extend these findings with the demonstration of mycobacterial antigen, but not AFB, of M. tuberculosis in the cytoplasm of ciliated bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar pneumocytes in association with elements of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, and fatty acid synthase (FAS) pathways in the early lesion. This suggests that M. tuberculosis uses its secreted antigens to coordinate prolonged subclinical development of the early le-sions in preparation for a necrotizing reaction sufficient to produce a cavity, post-primary granulomas and fibrocaseous disease.
Los centros comerciales en la zmcm. Las empresas, localización y producción de un espacio urbano neoliberal
Authors: Celis Galindo Dante Guillermo
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar diferentes aspectos de los centros comerciales en la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México (zmcm), como ubicación, año de apertura y empresa desarrolladora, así como identificar diversas características como etapas económicas y políticas en el país, además del papel que tienen las compañías urbanizadoras y los centros comerciales en la producción de un espacio urbano neoliberal.
La confluencia de intereses público-privados entre el marketing urbano e inmobiliario. El caso del proyecto Mitikah Ciudad Viva
Authors: Montes Ruiz Ana Paula
Published: November 2021

En el contexto de cambio de un enfoque gerencial a otro emprendedor, se establece una nueva forma de gobernanza urbana basada en una coalición más amplia de fuerzas en la que tienen cabida las alianzas público-privadas. El conflicto urbano Xoco-Mitikah evidenció que la confluencia de intereses entre la industria inmobiliaria y el turismo urbano abraza el objetivo común de diseñar una experiencia urbana que hace rentable para ambas las ventajas competitivas del sur de la Ciudad de México.
Cryptogenic Recurrent Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Xu Min , Xue Ya , Chao Xiaofeng , Chen Zhenglou , Wang Yunjiang , Huo Xuqi , Ji Xiang , Wang Hongshen
Published: November 2021

BackgroundSpontaneous epidural hematoma (EDH) has been suggested associated with adjacent infective pathologies, dural vascular malformations, extradural metastasis, or coagulopathies. Cryptogenic spontaneous EDH is extremely rare. Case presentationWe reported a cryptogenic spontaneous EDH case in a young woman following sexual intercourse. She occurred consecutively EDH at three different sites within a short time. After three timely operations, a satisfactory outcome was achieved.Conclusion﻿EDH should be investigated when a young patient develops headaches and signs of increased ICP after emotional hyperactivity or hyperventilation. If early diagnosis and surgical decompression can be carried out in time, the prognosis is satisfactory.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Identification of Core Germplasm of Pueraria in Guangxi Using SSR Markers
Authors: Shang Xiao-Hong , Zhou Yun , Xiao Liang , Wang Ying , Zeng Wen-Dan , Cao Sheng , Wu Zheng-Dan , Yan Hua-Bing
Published: November 2021

Pueraria is not only one of the most important commercial crops, but a health supplement for human being. There are abundant Pueraria germplasm resources and a large planting scale in Guangxi. However, the genetic diversity and core germplasm of the Pueraria species in Guangxi are rarely understood. In this study, 272 individuals of Pueraria species in Guangxi combined with 23 pairs of simple sequence repeat primers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and construct core germplasm. Ultimately, 118 alleles were identified and 112 alleles were polymorphic; the mean expected heterozygosity per locus is 0.1841, and the mean gene flow Nm is 1.7690. 272 individuals were divided into two main clusters, which is consistent with the results based on principal coordinate analysis and STRUCTURE cluster analysis. We proposed a core collection of 20 Pueraria accessions capturing 105 alleles. There was a non-significant relationship between genetic distance and geographical distance. The results could provide theoretical support for the scientific conversation of Pueraria genetic resources, which can serve as the basis for the breeding program of Pueraria.
Correlation Analysis between Pulse Oxygen Saturation and Prognosis of Emergency Trauma Patients
Authors: Geng Cong , Xu Feng , Chen Du
Published: November 2021

BackgroundPast studies are limited in which proposing SpO2 as mortality predictor of trauma patients. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and prognosis in emergency trauma patients.MethodsWe collected 1720 trauma patients admitted to the Emergency Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from November 1, 2016 to November 30, 2019 to retrospective analysis. The mortality of trauma patients in the emergency department was defined as end-point of outcome. The patients were divided into six subgroups with 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% and 95% SpO2 as the bound values. SpO2>=95% subgroup was defined as basis reference, we calculated the crude HR of other subgroups and adjusted HR after the adjustment for confounders including age and sex by Cox regression model. The ROC curve was performed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the predictive value of SpO2 in emergency mortality.ResultsCompared to basis reference, the mortality of other subgroups was gradually increased with the decrease of SpO2. The crude HR and 95% CI of each subgroup calculated by univariate Cox regression were: SpO2 90%-95%, 7.62(2.65-21.95), p<0.001; SpO2 85%-90%, 12.25(2.90-51.66), p=0.001; SpO2 80%-85%,35.81(9.53-134.50), p<0.001; SpO2 75%-80%, 32.88(7.53-143.54), p<0.001; SpO2<75%, 155.07(56.41-426.29), p<0.001. The adjusted HR and 95%CI after adjustment for age and sex were respectively 6.75(2.30-19.81), p=0.001; 11.34(2.69-47.84), p=0.001; 33.26(8.83-125.38), p<0.001; 48.27(9.02-258.48), p<0.001; 162.64(57.62-459.03), p<0.001. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC was 0.898, 95%CI (0.845-0.951), the optimal cut-off value was 94%, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 79.07% and 85.84%, respectively. ConclusionOur study revealed that SpO2 was closely related to the prognosis of emergency trauma patients and had a good predictive value for emergency room death. The lower the SpO2, the higher the mortality.This study was retrospectively registered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.
Metabolic Profile in Endothelial Cells of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
Authors: Smolders V.F.E.D. , Rodríguez C. , Blanco I. , Szulcek R. , Timens Wim , Piccari L. , Roger Y. , Hu X. , Morén Constanza , Bonjoch C. , Sebastián L. , Castellà M. , Osorio J. , Peinado V. I. , Bogaard Harm Jan , Quax P. H. A. , Cascante M. , Tura-Ceide Olga , Barberà J.A.
Published: November 2021

Background
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are two forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH) characterized by obstructive vasculopathy. Endothelial dysfunction along with metabolic changes towards increased glycolysis are important in PAH pathophysiology. Less is known about such abnormalities in endothelial cells (ECs) from CTEPH patients. This study provides a systematic metabolic comparison of ECs derived from CTEPH and PAH patients.
Methods
Metabolic gene expression was studied using qPCR in cultured CTEPH-EC and PAH-EC. Western blot analyses were done for HK2, LDHA, PDHA1, PDK and G6PD. Basal viability of CTEPH-EC and PAH-EC with the incubation with metabolic inhibitors was measured using colorimetric viability assays. Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAEC) were used as healthy controls.
Results
Whereas PAH-EC showed significant higher mRNA levels of GLUT1, HK2, LDHA, PDHA1 and GLUD1 metabolic enzymes compared to HPAEC, CTEPH-EC did not. Oxidative phosphorylation associated proteins had an increased expression in PAH-EC compared to CTEPH-EC and HPAE. PAH-EC, CTEPH-EC and HPAEC presented similar HOXD macrovascular gene expression. Metabolic inhibitors showed a dose-dependent reduction in viability in all three groups, predominantly in PAH-EC.
Conclusions
A different metabolic profile is present in CTEPH-EC compared to PAH-EC and suggests differences in molecular mechanisms important in the disease pathology and treatment.
Why quest to modern energy urge to rural household: implication to mitigate climate change and food insecurity, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Daniel , Wolka Kebede , W/amanuel Teshale
Published: November 2021

BackgroundEnergy is a key factor of socio-economic development. Currently, however, millions of people across the world suffer from energy poverty, having little or no access to energy for cooking, lighting, heating, cooling or using information and communication technology. As a result this study was aimed to investigate the domestic energy sources for households and the impact of biomass use as a source of energy on the environment, and food insecurity in North highland of Ethiopia. A total of 398 heads of households were interviewed individually using structured questionnaire, whereas 16 focus group discussions and 12 key informant interviews were conducted using discussion guiding checklist. Descriptive data analysis techniques were used to analyze quantitative data while content analysis method was used to analyze qualitative data.Result The use of traditional fuel such as fire wood, charcoal, crop residue, animal dung, leaves, and any biomass residue that can be combusted were used as energy sources in the area, which aggravate degradation of agricultural land. The move towards the adaptation of modern energy sources was not common because of many barriers such as lack of finance (98%), access (97%), durability (97%) and lack of awareness (93%). The findings showed that land degradation has been severe to the extent that no grains can be collected from crop production. As a result, people were exposed to both chronic and transitory food insecurity and hence the majority of people make their living on food aid. Conclusion This calls for minimizing land degradation by introducing alternative energy sources to the households. In this regard, technology developers, bilateral organizations and NGOs can play their role to promote alternative modern energy technologies that are easy accessible both in terms of availability and affordability, and operable by rural people.
RCAN1 Reduces FBXW7β Transcription by Inhibiting Calcineurin/NFAT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Shuai , Yang Yu , Song Ruying , Gao Yiming , Wu Yili
Published: November 2021

Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), a crucial endogenous regulator of calcineurin, is implicated in multiple important physiological and pathological processes. Aberrant expression of RCAN1 is commonly found in brains of patients with Down syndrome (DS) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD), accounting for impaired neurodevelopment in DS and neuronal degeneration in AD, respectively. However, the mechanism of RCAN1 in brain development and neurodegeneration remains unclear. FBXW7 functions as vital factor in neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration via mediating proteasomal degradation of its substrates. Deficiency of FBXW7 contributes to impaired neurodevelopment and accelerating neurodegeneration. Here, we show that increased RCAN1 reduces the level of β isoform of FBXW7 (FBXW7β). RCAN1 inhibits FBXW7β transcription in a calcineurin dependent manner. Potential NFAT binding sites are identified within the promoter of FBXW7β, and NFAT is also demonstrated to activate the promoter activity of FBXW7β. In summary, our work implies that RCAN1 can regulate FBXW7β expression by inhibiting FBXW7β transcription via calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. It could provide more understanding on the mechanism of FBXW7 regulation and suggest a potential mechanism on functional implication of RCAN1 with impaired brain function in some neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
Hsa_Circular RNA_0001013 Exerts Oncogenice Effects in Gastric Cancer via the MicroRNA-136/TWSG1 Axis
Authors: Gao Zhaofeng , Hu Lingyu , Chen Fei , He Chunhua , Hu Biwen , Wang Xiaoguang
Published: November 2021

Background：Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most principle malignant cancers in the digestive system. Moreover, the critical role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been identified in GC development. Methods：In this context, the purpose of research was to explore the regulatory mechanism circ_0001013, a novel circRNAs predicted by our research, in GC. The differential circRNAs and related mechanism in GC were predicted by microarray analysis. Circ_0001013, miR-136, and TWSG1 expression in GC clinical samples and cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The relationship among circ_0001013, miR-136, and TWSG was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, biotin coupled probe pull-down assay, and biotin coupled miRNA capture. After gain- and loss-of-function assays in GC cells, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by EdU assay, scratch test, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry respectively. The effect of circ_0001013 on tumor growth was detected by xenograft tumor in nude mice. Results ：Microarray analysis predicted a novel circRNA, circ_0001013, was upregulated in GC, which was confirmed by RT-qPCR detection in GC tissues and cells. Besides, miR-136 was downregulated but TWSG1 was highly expressed in GC tissues. Mechanically, circ_0001013 could bind to miR-136, and miR-136 negatively targeted TWSG1 in GC cells. Silencing circ_0001013 or TWSG1 or overexpressing miR-136 decreased GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle arrest and accelerated cell apoptosis. Circ_0001013 silencing decreased TWSG1 expression and inhibited transplanted tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion：Circ_0001013 elevated TWSG1 expression by binding to miR-136, thereby exerting oncogenic effect in GC.
Radical Versus Non-Radical Resection for Small intestinal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Yin Linlin , Yan Haihao , Lin Jue , Ji Zuhong , Ji Guozhong , Zhang Xiuhua
Published: November 2021

Surgical resection is the first choice for the treatment of small intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), but the best surgical method for small intestinal stromal tumors remains undefined. It is not clear whether there is a difference in the long-term survival of small intestinal GISTs between radical surgery and non-radical surgery. We included 877 patients with small intestinal stromal tumors who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2015 from the SEER database. They were divided into the radical resection group and the non-radical resection group. To minimized the selection bias and mixed bias in the comparison, propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariate regression analysis were carried out. In the entire cohort, 120 patients underwent radical surgery and 757 patients received non-radical resection. The 1, 3, and 5-year OS rates were 95.7%, 80.2%, and 69.6% in the radical resection group versus 94.3%, 86.8%, and 77.2% in the non-radical resection group, respectively. (p=0.069) Meanwhile, radical resection had the similar CSS rates of 1, 3 and 5-year compared with non-radical surgery. (1-year CSS rate: 97.4% vs. 98.0%, 3-year CSS rate: 86.1% vs. 93.2%, 5-year CSS rate: 81.6% vs. 88.3%; p =0.056) Besides, after adjusting for other clinical factors and PSM, the long-term OS and CSS did not significantly differ between radical surgery and non-radical surgery. Our study preliminarily found that for small intestinal GISTs, there was no significant difference in long-term survival between radical surgery and non-radical surgery.
The survival rate of extremely low birth weight infants improved in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Wu Fan , Jia Chun-Hong , Feng Zhou-Shan , Lin Xiao-Jun , Cui Qi-Liang , Han Sha-Sha , Jin Ya , Liu Guo-Sheng , Yang Chuan-Zhong , Ye Xiao-Tong , Dai Yi-Heng , Liang Wei-Yi , Ye Xiu-Zhen , Mo Jing , Ding Lu , Wu Ben-Qing , Chen Hong-Xiang , Li Chi-Wang , Zhang Zhe , Rong Xiao , Huang Wei-Min , Shen Wei , Yang Bing-Yan , Lv Jun-Feng , Huo Le-Ying , Huang Hui-Wen , Rao Hong-Ping , Yan Wen-Kang , Yang Yong , Ren Xue-Jun , Liu Dong , Wang Fang-Fang , Diao Shi-Guang , Liu Xiao-Yan , You Chu-Ming , Meng Qiong , Wang Bin , Zhang Li-Juan , Huang Yu-Ge , Ao Dang , Li Wei-Zhong , Chen Jie-Ling , Chen Yan-Ling , Li Wei , Chen Zhi-Feng , Ding Yue-Qin , Li Xiao-Yu , Huang Yue-Fang , Lin Ni-Yang , Cai Yang-Fan , Wan Zhong-He , Ban Yi , Bai Bo , Li Guang-Hong , Yan Yue-Xiu
Published: November 2021

Background

With the increase in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, their outcomes received special attention. However, in China, studies of the outcomes of ELBW infants are rare.
Methods

The hospitalized records of ELBW infants discharged from twenty-six neonatal intensive care units were reviewed and analyzed.
Results

A total of 2575 ELBW infants were enrolled and the overall survival rate was 55.11%. From 2008 to 2017, the number of ELBW infants increased rapidly from 91 to 466, and the survival rate improved steadily from 41.76–62.02%. The survival rate rose with increasing BW, the ascending level of regional economic development and specialist hospitals. The incidence of complications was neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (85.2%), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (63.7%), retinopathy of prematurity (39.3%), intraventricular hemorrhage (29.4%), necrotizing enterocolitis (12.0%), and periventricular leukomalacia (8.0%). Among the 1156 nonsurvivors, 90.0% of infants died during the neonatal period (≤ 28 days), and the other died after the neonatal period. A total of 768 ELBW infants died after medical care withdrawal, with economic factors and expected outcome being important causes.
Conclusion

The number of ELBW infants is increasing in China, and the overall survival rate is still low but is improving steadily.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of LgG4-Related Lung Disease
Authors: Liu Jia , Liu Yuxiang , Shen Ximing , He Zhanghai , Yu Tingfeng , Pang Li , Jin Xiaoyan , Wang Lingyun
Published: November 2021

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related lung disease (IgG4-RLD) is a rare entity. The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics of IgG4-RLD pathologically confirmed in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods: We screened the pathological reports of 4838 patients with pulmonary surgery and/or biopsy specimens at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from April 2017 to April 2021, and 65 patients with suspected IgG4-RLD had an immunohistochemical staining for IgG4 and IgG. Finally, 10 patients with definite IgG4-RLD pathologically comfirmed were enrolled and analyzed.Results: The incidence of IgG4-RLD pathologically confirmed was 0.2% (10/4838). Ten patients had a mean age of 59.7 years at diagnosis with a male: female ratio of 9:1. The initial clinical manifestations were lack of specificity and cough was the most common symptom (4/10). More than one organ was involved in most patients (8/10) and lymph node involvement was often seen (7/10). Serum IgG4 were detected and elevated in 6 patients. The levels of serum tumor markers were within normal range or slightly elevated. The chest computed tomography (CT) and/or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) findings showed 5 patients of mix type, 3 patients of solid nodular type and 2 patients of bronchovascular type. All pulmonary mass and large nodules with solid pattern had spiculated margins and inhomogeneous enhancement with or without pleural indentation and lobulated appearance. Abundant lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and fibrosis were observed in all patients. The expressions of IgG4 and IgG in the plasma cells were up-regulated in the immunostained sections of lung. Seven patients received prednisone with or without additional immunosuppressive drugs and responded well.Conclusions: Our study suggests that multiple imaging findings combined with elevated serum IgG4 as well as serum tumor markers without significant increase could provide diagnostic support for IgG4-RLD.
Genome Wide Association Study of Frost Tolerance in Wheat
Authors: Soleimani Behnaz , Lehnert Heike , Babben Steve , Keilwagen Jens , Koch Michael , Arana-Ceballos Fernando Alberto , Chesnokov Yuriy , Pshenichnikova Tatyana , Schondelmaier Jörg , Ordon Frank , Börner Andreas , Perovic Dragan
Published: November 2021

Winter wheat growing areas in the Northern hemisphere are regularly exposed to heavy frost. Due to the negative impact on yield, the identification of genetic factors controlling frost tolerance (FroT) and development of tools for breeding is of prime importance. Here, we detected QTL associated with FroT by genome wide association studies (GWAS) using a diverse panel of 276 winter wheat genotypes that was phenotyped at five locations in Germany and Russia in three years. The panel was genotyped using the 90K iSelect array and SNPs in FroT candidate genes. In total, 17,566 SNPs were used for GWAS resulting in the identification of 53 markers significantly associated (LOD ≥4) to FroT, corresponding to 23 QTL regions located on 11 chromosomes (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3D, 4A, 5A, 5B and 7D). The strongest QTL effect confirmed the importance of chromosome 5A for FroT. In addition, to our best knowledge, seven FroT QTLs were discovered for the first time in this study comprising QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 4A, 1B, and two on chromosomes 2D, 3D, and 7D. Identification of novel FroT candidate genes will help to better understand the FroT mechanism in wheat and to develop more effective combating strategies.
Identifying The Barriers to Universal Cervical Length Screening For Preterm Birth Prevention at Tertiary Hospitals in Thailand—Healthcare Managers’ Perspectives: Implementation Research
Authors: Titapant Vitaya , Chawanpaiboon Saifon , Anuwutnavin Sanitra , Kanjanapongporn Attapol , Pooliam Julaporn , Tangwiwat Pimolphan
Published: November 2021

Objective: To identify healthcare managers’ perspectives on the barriers to implementing cervical length screening to prevent preterm births.Materials and Methods: There were 3 phases of the study. In Phase I, 10 healthcare managers were interviewed. Phase II comprised questionnaire development and data validation. In Phase III, the questionnaire was administered to 40 participants, and responses were analysed.Results: The questionnaire was completed by 40 obstetricians. Their average related work experience was 21.0 ± 7.2 (5–35) years; 39 (97.5%) respondents also had healthcare management responsibilities at their respective hospitals. Most hospitals were reported to have enough obstetricians (31 cases, 77.5%) and to be able to accurately perform cervical length measurements (22 cases, 55.0%). However, no funding was allocated to universal cervical length screening (39 cases, 97.5%). Most respondents believed that implementing universal screening, as per Ministry of Public Health policies, would prevent preterm births (28 cases, 70.0%). Moreover, they suggested that hospital fees for cervical length measurements should be waived (34 cases, 85.0%). Three main perceived barriers to universal screening at tertiary hospitals were identified. They were heavy obstetrician workloads (20 cases, 50.0%); inadequate numbers of medical personnel (24 cases, 60.0%); unbelieving of the screening test to prevent preterm birth (8 cases, 20%) and lack of free drug support for preterm birth prevention in high-risk cases (29 cases, 72.5%).Conclusions: The main obstacles to universal cervical length screening are heavy staff workloads and inadequate government funding for ultrasound scanning and hormone therapy. The healthcare managers do not believe that the universal cervical length screening can help to reduce preterm birth. These barriers could be removed by reducing unnecessary work and providing funding.
Comprehensive targeted next-generation sequencing in patients with slow-flow vascular malformations
Authors: Nozawa Akifumi , Fujino Akihiro , Yuzuriha Shunsuke , Suenobu Souichi , Kato Aiko , Shimizu Fumiaki , Aramaki-Hattori Noriko , Kuniyeda Kanako , Sakaguchi Kazuya , Ohnishi Hidenori , Aoki Yoko , Ozeki Michio
Published: November 2021

Recent studies have shown that the PI3K signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs). Analysis of genetic mutations has advanced our understanding of the mechanisms involved in SFVM pathogenesis and may identify new therapeutic targets. We screened for somatic variants in a cohort of patients with SFVMs using targeted next-generation sequencing. Targeted next-generation sequencing of 29 candidate genes associated with vascular anomalies or with the PI3K signaling pathway was performed on affected tissues from patients with SFVMs. Fifty-nine patients with SFVMs (venous malformations n = 21, lymphatic malformations n = 27, lymphatic venous malformations n = 1, and Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome n = 10) were included in the study. TEK and PIK3CA were the most commonly mutated genes in the study. We detected eight TEK pathogenic variants in 10 samples (16.9%) and three PIK3CA pathogenic variants in 28 samples (47.5%). We also identified a pathogenic variant in RASA1 in one sample. In total, 38 of 59 patients (64.4%) with SFVMs harbored pathogenic variants in these three genes involved in the PI3K signaling pathway. Inhibitors of this pathway may prove useful as molecular targeted therapies for SFVMs.
GnRHa as a Treatment for Letrozole-Resistent Recurrent Adult Granulosa Cell Tumors: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yang Hua , Zhang Shushan , Liu Yao , Zhuang Yuan
Published: November 2021

Background: The optimal management of Recurrent Ovarian granulosa cell tumors was still unknown, Hormone therapy maybe an alternative for chemotherapy-resistant cases. the reaction rate for aromatase inhibitors was highest, how to treat the progressed case after aromatase inhibitors was challenging. Case presentation: Here we report a case of Recurrent Ovarian granulosa cell tumors treated with Diphereline and achieved clinical cure. A 46-year-old woman presented with third recurrence after primary treatment. She developed tumor progression and drug-induced nephritis after 6 cycles of combined treatment of cisplatin and paclitaxel for the second recurrence and failed to benefit from chemotherapy ,after the third Optimal cytoreduction and tumor progression after 6 months Letrozole treatent. The implementation of experimental treatment with Diphereline achieved Good therapeutic effect.Conclusion: Hormone therapy maybe an alternative to recurrent granulosa cell tumors, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistsas maybe a rescued treatment for Aroatase inhibitor-resistant cases
Corneal Hysteresis and Intraocular Pressure are Altered in Silicone-Hydrogel Soft Contact Lenses Wearers
Authors: Marcellán María Concepción , Remón Laura , Avila Francisco
Published: November 2021

Purpose: The aim of this work is to determinate the effects in the physical parameters in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal biomechanics in terms of corneal resistance factor (CRF) and corneal hysteresis (CH) of wearing silicone-hydrogel soft contact lenses (SiH-CLs) in young adult subjects during a short-term follow-up. Methods: 40 eyes of 20 healthy patients with a mean age of 22.87±4.14 were involved in this study. Subjects with corneal diseases, dry eye, irregular astigmatism or who have been previous contact lens wearers were excluded. The Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments) was used to measure CH, CRF and IOP and Scheimpflug imaging (Galilei Dual Scheimpflug camera analyzer, Pentacam) was used to measure CCT before and 10 days (Group 1) and 20 days (Group 2) after using the SiH-CLs. Results: IOP was decreased significantly 10 days after using the SiH-CLs (p=0.009). Within the 20 days' period, Group 2 revealed an even more pronounced decrease in IOP (p=.003) and CH increased significantly (p=.04). CCT and CRF did not show a significant change during the period of SiH-CLs use. Our finding allowed obtaining an analytical expression that relates IOP, CCT, CRF and CH within a biomechanical compensation experimental model. Conclusions: Corneal biomechanical parameters and physical properties of the cornea may alter with SiH-CLs use. Our finding could have an impact on the management of glaucoma progression and ocular hypertension.
Incidence and Outcome of Reintubation in the Postanesthesia Care Unit: a Single-center, Retrospective, Observational Matched Cohort Study in China
Authors: Liu Shangkun , Dong Ying , Wan Li , Luo Ailin , Chen Hong , Xu Hui
Published: November 2021

Backgroundː Reintubation after planned extubation (RAP) is a serious adverse event. This study aimed to determine the rate and impact of RAP on postoperative course and hospitalization outcomes.Methodsː Of the 121,965 patients in the PACU, 14 patients with RAP were included in this retrospective, single-center, 1:2 matched cohort study in China from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. Duration of PACU stay, postoperative time in the hospital, inpatient healthcare costs, and outcome of hospitalization were compared between the RAP and matched groups.Resultsː The rate of RAP occurrence was 0.0115%. After propensity score matching, there were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, emergency operation, surgical classification, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, and the durations of anesthesia and the procedure between the two groups. Duration of PACU stay, length of postoperative stay, and inpatient healthcare costs significantly differed between the RAP and matched groups (P < 0.01 for all). The percentage of patients in whom discharge from the PACU was prolonged was significantly higher in the RAP group than in the matched group (92.86% vs.714%), with an odds ratio of 29.87 (95% CI = 14.00 to 2040.54; P < 0.001) after matching.Conclusionsː RAP in the PACU had low incidence but was associated with life-threatening and serious complications, increased incidence of prolonged discharge, prolonged PACU and postoperative hospital stay, increased inpatient healthcare costs, and unanticipated intensive care unit admission. Hypoxemia, airway obstruction, dyspnea, respiratory depression, confusion, asthma, chest tightness, pain, hemorrhage, or agitation could be the risk factor for RAP. The appropriate time for tracheal extubation and monitoring in PACU can effectively prevent the occurrence of reintubation and improve the prognosis of patients.
The Ambiguous "Internal Carotid Artery" - Ultrasound Diagnosis of One Case of Congenital Absence of The Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Zhong Gang , Ning Jing , Xie Juan-Juan , Liu Fang , Huang Meng-Yi , Long Xiang-Dang
Published: November 2021

Background
Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a very rare congenital anomaly of the ICA. Most reports in the literature are of individual cases, and most were diagnosed by computed tomographic angiography (CTA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA). There are few reports on the diagnosis of congenital absence of the ICA by carotid Doppler ultrasound (CDUS).
Case presentation:
A 61-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital because of dizziness and showed no abnormality on CDUS conducted at another hospital. CDUS conducted at our hospital found maldevelopment of the right common carotid artery (RCCA) with normal a blood flow velocity and spectrum. A high-resistance frequency spectrum could be detected in the “ICA” that continued directly from the RCCA, and two adjacent small blood vessel branches were also observed. Superficial temporal artery tap and tracing of the courses of the small blood vessels confirmed that the RCCA directly continued to the external carotid artery (ECA). The final diagnosis was congenital absence of the ICA, which was confirmed during the clipping of an anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm.
Conclusion
CDUS, as a noninvasive and rapid screening tool for cervical vascular diseases, offers a new approach for the diagnosis of congenital absence of the ICA.