bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Flaw Size Distributions Responsible for Size Effects in Strength of Small-Scale MEMS Specimens
Authors: Duan Kai , Hu Xiao Zhi
Published: March 2009

This paper describes a statistical method for evaluating the surface flaw distributions
responsible for the improved strength and reliability of small-scale MEMS specimens. The method
uses a power-law function, which, though empirical in form, is consistent with the conventional
two-parameter Weibull distribution, to approximate the flaw size distributions on specimen tensile
surfaces. The parameters in the power-law function are determined from Weibull strength plots.
Literature data for single-crystal silicon beam specimens covering a range of widths from mm to nm
are analyzed using this method. The analysis indicates a reduction in scatter in addition to increase in
strength with diminishing specimen size, and quantifies a systematic tightening in flaw distribution
associated with refinement in fabrication method and the limitations of physical sizes on flaw
dimensions, which is consistent with the experimental observations. Furthermore, the implications of
the increased strength and reduced strength scatter to the processing techniques and structural
integrity of MEMS devices are discussed.
Rheological Characteristics of Solvent-Cast Poly(e-Caprolactone)/Organoclay Nanocomposite
Authors: Hong Cheng Hai , Lee C.H. , Choi J.S. , Hong S.M. , Choi Hyoung Jin
Published: March 2009

As an effective way to enhance various properties of polymer, polymer/clay nanocompoiste
is being adopted since it can hybrid the properties of the two components, showing superior physical
and mechanical properties. In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocomposites using an
organoclay were prepared by a solution intercalation method, and their unique internal structures and
rheological properties induced by the presence of organoclay at nano level were studied using WAXD
and a rotational rheometer.
Deduction of Angular and Linear Deflection Equations of Elliptical Flexure Hinge
Authors: Zhang Z.Y. , Li Hong Qi , Zhou H.X.
Published: March 2009

Flexure hinge is widely used in the field of MEMSElliptical flexure hinge with the
advantages and little disadvantage of rectangular and circular notch, has broad prospect in the field
of MEMS and NEMSAccording to the basic theory of material mechanics and calculus, angular
stiffness and linear deflection was deduced on the elliptical flexure hinge, and the analytical
equations are attainedAt the same time, angular and linear deflection of right elliptical flexure
hinge, which is popular used flexure hinge, is presentedEquations of right elliptical flexure hinge,
is exact and more concise in expression than that of Smith, so it is more convenient to use it in
calculating and analyzing elliptical flexure hinge and elliptical flexure hinge mechanisms
Study on Microstructure and Nanotribology Property of Antibacterial Bone China Film
Authors: Zhang Z.Y. , Li Hong Qi , Zhou H.X. , Liang Jin Sheng , Huang H. , Wang Ming Zhi , Yu J.K.
Published: March 2009

Fracture surface and surface of two kind of membrane of antibacterial bone china, which
includes 3% and 5% of weight of composite phosphate containing rare earth respectively, were
characterized by SEM and nanoindenter, respectively. Nanohardness and nanoscale friction
coefficients were measured by nanoindenter. Friction coefficients were conducted at the maximal
load being 300un,500un,1000un and scratching speed 15um/s, 0.75um/s, 0.5um/s, respectively. The
nanohardness and friction coefficients of ceramic membrane including 3% and 5% of rare earths are
2.03GPa,0.18282 and 8.54GPa,0.051998, respectively. The two kind of ceramic membrane has
stable nanotribology property. Obvious plastic flow and pile-up scratch impression of ceramic
membrane including 3% rare earths is observed by AFM in situ imaging, but scratch impression of
5% has no plastic flow and take on the sink-in topography. Nanohardness and friction coefficients
of this two kind of ceramic membrane have strong relationships each other but weak relations with
elastic modulus.
Polystyrene/Plasma Treated Clay Nanocomposite
Authors: Tasanatanachai Patchara , Magaraphan Rathanawan
Published: March 2009

One of weak point of PS/clay nanocomposite is the lack of interfacial adhesion between clay and
polystyrene matrix. In this research, the radical sites on the clay surface were induced via the
plasma technique. The optimum condition for this process was investigated and used to treat
bentonite before grafting styrene on clay structure. The increase of basel-spacing of clay was not
noticeable from XRD spectra, but the FT-IR spectra showed characteristic peak of polystyrene
implied that the styrene grafting was occurred on the outer surface of the clay. The impact strength
is quite improved, especially for the higher ratio of styrene/clay during the grafting step.
Study of Enhancing Water Adsorbing Index by Nanometer-Sized Silicon Oxide in Water Injection Well
Authors: Wang Hai Wen
Published: March 2009

Nanometer-sized silicon oxide can be used in water flooding in oil development because
of its super hydrophobic and oleophilic ability. In oil reservoir, these nanomaterials are usually
physically adsorbed on the surface of sandstone and improve the wettability and water phase
permeability. Therefore flow resistance is reduced and water adsorbing index is increased. Both
experiment and application results show that nanometer silicon oxide is an excellent material used
for water flooding, water injection pressure and ability of adsorping water in low permeability
reservoir. The paper analysis the mechanism of increasing water adsorbing index and discuss the
conditions for selecting water injection well.
Influence of Growth Conditions on the Formation of Fish-Bone GNFs by CVD Using Ni Foam as Catalyst
Authors: Huang W.Z. , Zhang X.B. , Kong F.Z. , Li Y. , Lu D. , Ke X.X. , Liu F.
Published: March 2009

GNFs with fish-bone structure were first produced by a simple method. To optimize the
growth conditions, different hydrogen treatment of the catalyst, different growth time and growth
temperature, as well as different gas flow rate were employed. The effects of these growth
conditions on the morphology and yield of GNFs were studied in details. It is found that fish-bone
GNFs with high yield and high purity can be produced under the optimized conditions.
Large-Scale Synthesis of Bamboo-Like Carbon Nanotubes over Zeolites by Catalytic Decomposition of Acetonitrile
Authors: Yu Guo Jun , Wang Sen , Gong Jin Long , Zhu De Zhang , He Sui Xia
Published: March 2009

High yield synthesis of bamboo-like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (BCNTs) over a novel
zeolite catalyst has been achieved using acetonitrile as a carbon source. The synergism of nickel (Ni)
and rare earth oxides (REO) in the zeolites is considered very important for the high activity of the
catalysts for the rapid decomposition of acetonitrile and diffusion of carbon. The yield of BCNTs
increases with the Ni content and the growth time. The as-grown BCNTs are arranged in the form of
flower-like clusters surrounding each zeolite. This CNT-zeolite composite may be regarded as a
complex zeolite which will be very useful for the selective absorption, filtration and storage of gas.
Monodisperse SiO2 Nanospheres Prepared by Batch/Semibatch Process and Its Opals
Authors: Zhang Shi Cheng , Chen Jie , Li Xing Guo
Published: March 2009

Nearly monodispersed SiO2 nanospheres, with different size and size standard deviation
smaller than 5%, have been prepared by using batch/semibatch process. The SiO2 colloids were
used as building blocks to self-assemble into the colloidal crystals, which photonic band gaps are
close to the theoretical values, and can be modified by changing the size SiO2 nanospheres. With the
increase of the size of SiO2 spheres, the photonic band gap red shift.
Preparation and Properties of PZT Thin Films Produced by Decomposition of Metal Carboxylate Gels
Authors: Zhao Jiu Peng , Juan C.Y. , Qiang Liang Sheng
Published: March 2009

In this work, PZT (Zr/Ti=52/48) thin films have been prepared using aqueous organic gel
method. The desired metal cations are chelated in a solution using citric acid and
ethylenediaminetertraacetic acid (EDTA) as the chelating agents. The thermal decompostion of the
metal carboxylate precursors gels have been studied by TG/DTA and the products derived from
calcinations of the gels at different temperatures have been characterized by XRD and SEM. By
heat-treatment at 650°C for 2h, PZT thin films with smooth and crack-free surface could be
achieved. The thickness of each layer was 50nm. Electric properties measurement indicated that the
PZT films demonstrated a ferroelectric hysteresis loop. The remanent polarization(Pr) and coercive
field (Ec) were 20.7μC/cm2 and 75.5kV/cm, respectively. The dielectric constant and the dielectric
loss at 100 kHz of the films were 930 and 0.045, respectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of In-Doped SnO2 (ITO) Nanowires
Authors: Huang Zai Yin
Published: March 2009

Large-scale synthesis of In-doped SnO2 (ITO) nanowires was achieved by direct thermal
evaporation of a mixture of Sn and In powders at 900°C in an Argon atmosphere. Scanning electron
microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations show that ITO nanowires have
diameter ranging from 20 to 100 nm and lengths up to several tens of micrometers. By altered the
reaction temperature, we find that the temperature of the reaction is the critical factor for the
morphologies and sizes of the ITO nanowires.
The Effect of Nitrogen Partial Pressure on Microstructure of Reaction Bonded Silicon Nitride
Authors: Park Chan , Bang Kook Soo , Lim Kwon Taek , Park Dong Soo , Kim Hai Doo
Published: March 2009

The interaction between gas atmosphere and silicon during reaction bonded silicon
nitride(RBSN)process leads to a non-uniform band formation of alpha silicon nitride. The reaction
layer, α -Si3N4, was formed near the surface of the sample in the early stage of RBSN. Reactive
nitrogen gas was supplied as static state using computer controlled gas delivery system. The
formation of α -Si3N4 band near the surface of the sample can be explained thermodynamically,
based on the nitrogen partial pressure in the gas mixtures.
The Orthogonal Optimization of Process Parameters of Silica Xerogels
Authors: He Xiao Dong , He Fei , Li Yao
Published: March 2009

Two-step acid-base catalyzed silica xerogels were prepared through sol-gel
and ambient pressure drying. Various additive components were main fators which
influenced the porosity of silica xerogles. An orthogonal array (OA) design OA9(34)
was applied to select the optimum conditions of additives. The effects of the molar
ratio of H2O, alcohol, HCl, and ammonia were evaluated on the basis of the other
same process parameters. Every experiment was conducted several times under
different process conditions which included reactive temperature, the acid catalyzed
time, aging, exchanging solvent and drying for assuring gels formed. The porosity
was an index which was used to appraise the characteristic of silica xerogels. Two
kinds of silica xerogels, prepared by the most optimal molar ratio (OMR) and the best
OA experiment respectively, were compared by means of SEM. The results showed
that the most OMR of TEOS, H2O, alcohol, HCl and ammonia was 1:4:10:7.5×
10-4:0.0375.
The Carbon Nanotube Based Nanocomposite with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Wu Y. , Liu C.H. , Huang H. , Fan S.S.
Published: March 2009

We present a prototype of thermal interface material (TIM) by incorporating aligned carbon
nanotube arrays (CNA) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The morphology of CNA was
maintained by adopting in-situ injection molding method, and the nanotube-polymer composite film
was obtained by curing the PDMS at room temperature. We applied steady-state methods to measure
the thermal conductivity of this kind of nanocomposite. Comparing to the pure PDMS, the thermal
conductivity of the composite was greatly increased, which can be attributed to the thermal
conducting passages formed by vertical aligned carbon nanotubes from one side of the film to the
other. We also managed to improve the thermal conducting performance of the composite by
evaporating a 1-μm-thick aluminum film on the top of a raw CNA, which serves as a heat current
collector to decrease the thermal contact resistance. The experiment results suggest these kinds of
composites have broad application prospect for thermal management in the future.
One-Step Preparation of Fibrous Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles Using Aniline as Reducing Agent as well as Monomer
Authors: Guo Zhi Rui , DuanMu Y. , Gu Ning
Published: March 2009

Nanoscaled fibrous aggregates of gold nanoparticles have been synthesized by a
simultaneous reduction-oxidation polymerization process using aniline as reducing agent as well as
monomer in an ethanol medium. Time-dependent UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy was used to track
the formation process of gold nanoparticles. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images
and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of the as-preapred products indicate these gold
nanoparticles were binded by the oxidation polymerization resultant of aniline.
Preparation of Hard Phase Nd-Fe-B Nanoparticles by Coprecipitation Method
Authors: Kim Chang Woo , Kang Young Soo
Published: March 2009

Nd-Fe-B nanoparticles was prepared by coprecipitation method in aqueous solution. The
parameters for the composition are the concentration of borohydride solution and the pH of the
solution containing metal ion. The B and Nd contents were found to vary with pH and borohydride
concentration. The crystal structure of the synthesized nanoparticles was identified with X-ray
powder diffraction (XRD). The size and shape of nanoparticles were confirmed by transmission
electron microscope (TEM). The magnetization curves of nanoparticles and nanocomposite were
characterized with vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
(EDS) was used to characterize composition of Nd-Fe-B nanoparticles.
Direct Wafer Bonding for Nanostructure Preparations
Authors: Moriceau Hubert , Rieutord F. , Morales C. , Charvet A.M. , Rayssac O. , Bataillou B. , Fournel F. , Eymery J. , Pascale A. , Gentile P. , Bavard A. , Mézière J. , Maleville Christophe , Aspar B.
Published: March 2009

Direct Wafer Bonding has been widely developed and is very attractive for a lot of
applications. Using original techniques based on direct bonding enable to carry out specific
engineered substrates. Various illustrations are given among which twisted Si-Si bonded substrates,
where buried dislocation networks play a key role in the subsequent elaboration of nanostructures.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured CuO Array Films
Authors: Zhang W.X. , Yang Z.H. , Ding S.X. , Yang Shihe
Published: March 2009

In this paper, we report a simple and large-scale fabrication of CuO array films with different
nanostructures grown on copper foils. CuO nanotube and nanorod array films were synthesized
through the dehydration of the nanostructured Cu(OH)2 arrays in flow of N2, which are prepared in
an alkali solution at a low temperature without using any templates and surfactants. The obtained
CuO nanotube and nanorod array films retain similar morphology to that of the Cu(OH)2 precursors.
While CuO nanosheet and nanobelt array films were prepared directly in the alkali solution. The
evolution of the nanostructures as a function of the reaction conditions has been revealed, from
nanorods of Cu(OH)2 to nanotubes of Cu(OH)2 to nanosheets of CuO to nanobelts of CuO.
Experiments show that the growth temperature plays an important role in the formation of
well-aligned Cu(OH)2 nanostructured array films on copper foil. The samples are characterized by
XRD, SEM and TEM.
Synthesis and Luminescence of Eu Complex Incorporated MCM-41 Mesoporous Molecular Sieves
Authors: Qiang Liang Sheng , Liu B. , Fan D.H. , Ge M. , Yang Y.L.
Published: March 2009

Rare earth complex Eu(phen)2Cl3·2H2O synthesized by precipitation method was
incorporated into MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves which were synthesized via a
hydrothermal method. Hybrid inorganic/organic mesoporous luminescent material
Eu(phen)2/MCM-41 has been characterized by XRD, TEM, IR, UV-visible spectra and
fluorescence spectra. Results indicated that the hybrid mesoporous material has typical structure of
MCM-41 and retains the same pore structure as MCM-41 after the assembly process. The
fluorescence spectra of these materials present a series of narrow lines assigned to 5D0 → 7F0,1,2,3,4
transitions. The high emission intensity observed is a promising property for application of the rare
earth complex in technological luminescent devices.
Preparation and Characterization of Spinel-Type Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 by Radiation Method
Authors: Li Zhen , Jiao Zheng , Wu Ming Hong , Wu Sen Lin
Published: March 2009

A new electron beam radiation method was developed to prepare spinel-type nanocrystalline
ZnFe2O4 at room temperature and ambient pressure, without any kind of catalysts. The structure,
morphology and size were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR). The obtained Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 particles
have Spinel structure, spherical shape morphology and a mean particle size distribution of 20 and
40 nm.
Growth of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Disproportionation of CO Over Co-Re/SiO2 Catalysts
Authors: Chungchamroenkit P. , Kitiyanan B. , Herrera Jose E. , Chavadej Sumaeth , Resasco D.E.
Published: March 2009

A series of silica supported Co-Re catalysts was prepared and used as catalysts for the
synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) by carbon monoxide disproportionation at
750 – 950 °C. The characterization of catalysts suggests that good quality of SWNT was obtained
from partially reduced and completely reduced cobalt-rhenium oxide. The carbon products were
characterized by Raman spectroscopy, temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) and transmission
electron microscope (TEM). The effects of reaction parameters such as molar ratio of Co to Re,
reduction temperature, and reaction temperature were investigated. It was found the the synergism
of Co and Re in the catalytic production of SWNT leads to high selectivity of SWNT.
Supramolecular Chemistry at the Liquid/Solid Interface a Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Approach
Authors: de Feyter S. , Miura A. , Uji-i H. , Jonkheijm P. , Schenning A.P.H.J. , Meijer E.W. , Chen Z. , Würthner F. , Schuurmans F. , van Esch J. , Feringa Ben L. , De Schryver F.C.
Published: March 2009

With scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), the intramolecular
conformational and intermolecular ordering aspects have been investigated of a
variety of organic molecules physisorbed at the liquid-solid interface. By balancing
the interplay between intramolecular and intermolecular interactions (hydrogen
bonding), leading to control of the molecular conformation, foldamers were created
which order into well-defined two-dimensional crystals. The nature of the hydrogen
bonding groups in conjugated oligomers leads to the formation of infinite stacks and
cyclic multimers, expressing the chiral nature of the molecules.
Corrosion Behaviors Studied in Self-Assembled Processes of Alkanethiol Monolayers on Polycrystalline Gold Substrates
Authors: Cao Z. , Xiao Zhong Liang , Gu Ning , Shimada S. , Fukuda T. , Matsuda Hirofumi
Published: March 2009

In this paper, the corrosion phenomenon occurred on the polycrystalline gold substrates
has been for the first time observed by in situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method for
adsorption of alkanethiol monolayers, which may be attributed to thiol-induced dissolution of gold
during the adsorption process in the presence of oxygen. It is evident from the image of many
corrosive defects or holes produced on the surface of gold grains by using atomic force microscopy
(AFM). The kinetic equation on corrosion rate of gold dissolved in the organothiol solution has been
obtained. The gold corrosion rate at fast stage can be estimated to be 9.2 × 1011 Au atoms cm-2 s-1.
Pentacene Growth on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Type SiOC Film
Authors: Oh Teresa , Bae Dong Sik , Kim Myung Ho
Published: March 2009

Pentacene channel for organic thin film transistor was deposited on the SiOC film by thermal
evaporation. The growth of pentacene is related with the Diels-Alder reaction and the
nucleophilic reaction by the thermal induction. The surface is an important factor to control the
recursive Diels-Alder reaction for growing of pentacene on SiOC film. The terminal C=C
double bond of pentacene molecule was broken easily as a result of attack of the nucleophilic
reagents on the surface of SiOC film. The nucleophilic reaction can be accelerated by increasing
temperature on surface, and it making pentacene to grow hardly on the SiOC film with a flow
rate ratio of O2/(BTMSM+O2)=0.5 due to its inorganic property. The nucleophlic reaction
mechanism is SN2 (bimolecular nucleophilic substitution) type.
Investigating the Influence of Oxygen/Carbon Ratio on Fabrication of Composite Carbon Nanotubes by Self-Assembly Surface Treatment
Authors: Su Heng Yi , Hsieh Chien Te , Chen Jin Ming , Shih Han Chang
Published: March 2009

Through self-assembly monolayer surface treatment, metal oxide nanoparticles uniformly
dispersed onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) surface are investigated. At first, oxidation treatment was
performed to increase O/C ratio of CNTs surface at 250°C for 1 hr under an oxygen atmosphere.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that O/C ratio is a increasing function of
oxidating time. Distribution of oxygen functional groups on CNTs surface, i.e., carboxyl, carbonyl,
phenolic groups, can be identified and deconvoluted by a symmetrical Gauss function. Experiments
indicate that heat time for 5hr can produce a greater O/C ratio on CNTs surface. It is observed that
carboxyl groups acts an important role to link with metal ions via an ionic interaction, thus, forming
a monolayer adsorption on CNTs surface. By heating the treated CNTs, a completely composite
nanostructure is thus formed. In the present work, we successfully fabricate three kinds of
nanoparticles including SnO2, and RuO2, with an average diameter of 5-10 nm coated on the CNTs.
Electrical Transport Properties in Self-Assembled Erbium Disilicide Nanowires
Authors: Li Zhi Gang , Zhao Xin Wei , Long Shi Bing , Zhang Li Hui , Liu Ming
Published: March 2009

Long erbium disilicide nanowires were fabricated through laser ablation and
annealing process on the Si (001) surface. The ErSi2 nanowires were along the perpendicular Si
<110> directions. The average width of nanowires is less than 10nm and the maximum length is
more then 10um. The electrical transport properties of the ErSi2 nanowires were measured and a
resistivity value of 1.87×10-6Ωm was acquired. These self-assembled Si-based nanowires could
be used for further devices applications.
Construction of 1-Iodo-4-Nitrobenzene Nanowires on Graphite
Authors: Jiang Zhong Jie , Wang Zhou Feng , Deng Wen Li
Published: March 2009

We dissolved 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene in various solvents, including ethanol, benzene,
toluene and dimethylacetamide, and prepared solution with different concentration from 10-2 M to
10-5 M. Epitaxial Au(111) film and graphite were used as substrates. Scanning tunneling microscope
(STM) was used to observe structures of 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene molecules on those substrates.
Experimentally, we found that 1-iodo-4-nitrobenzene molecules constructed nanowires on graphite
surface at room temperature in air. The mechanism of formation of nanowire is briefly discussed in
this paper.
Highly Ordered Nanoscale Patterns on Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) Surface
Authors: Sun Z.H. , Xu C.L. , Zhang Hao Li
Published: March 2009

The surface morphology of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) prepared with different surface
coating has been studied by AFM and SEM. Under optimized condition, highly ordered stripe
patterns have been obtained. These regular patterns, including random stripes and regular stripes,
show strong dependence on the crystal orientation of the aluminum substrate. This method can be
developed into a novel nanoscale fabrication technique.
Preparation of Nano-Sized Silver Oxide in the Nanoporous VSB-1 Crystal
Authors: Chen Zhi , Gao Qiu Ming
Published: March 2009

Ultra-small silver oxide was synthesized using the novel nanoporous nickel phosphate
VSB-1 as the template by a simple method under mild experimental conditions. The UV-vis spectra
of the as-synthesized silver oxide showed a large blue shift of ca. 200 nm comparing with that of
the bulk Ag2O and which may come from the confinement of the pore size. The intensities of the
XRD diffraction peaks of the host after assembly decreased along with the increase the
concentration of AgNO3 solution used.
Self-Assembly of Polymer Thin Film on Chemically Patterned Substrate
Authors: Zhang L. , Zhang Hao Li , Bucknall D.G.
Published: March 2009

In this work, we have investigated phase separation behavior in PS/PVP polymer blend
thin films on gold substrates that have chemical stripes of different periods made by microcontact
printing. The influences of pattern period and film thickness have been studied. The experiments
have testified that the best result of phase separation, as shown in OM image, was obtained when
the period of the chemical pattern is similar to the polymer particle size. Meanwhile, the film
thickness plays a significant role on the phase separation. The best pattern replication in the
polymer thin films only occurs in a relative narrow thickness range, for example, in this case
between 30 and 60 nm. The possible interaction mechanism of the thin polymer film with the
underlayed chemical pattern has been discussed.
Synthesis and Characterization of Stable Mesoporous Multilamellar Silica Vesicles
Authors: Zhu Yu Fang , Shi Jian Lin , Shen Wei Hua
Published: March 2009

A family of mesoporous multilamellar silica vesicles has been successfully synthesized
by using P123 as structure directing agent and hexane as co-surfactant. The structure was
characterized with XRD, TEM, and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. This multilamellar silica
vesicle materials process high specific area, large pore volume, and a bimodale pore size
distribution. Furthermore, these materials are stable when the surfactant is removed at 530 oC.
Synthesis of Copper(0) Nanoparticles in Nanoporous Nickel Phosphate VSB-1
Authors: Wang Xiu Li , Gao Qiu Ming
Published: March 2009

Copper(0) nanoparticles in nanoporous nickel phosphate VSB-1 were prepared by the
methods of ion exchange and hydrogen reduction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) results show that
the crystal structure of VSB-1 was well retained after the encapsulation of copper nanoparticles and
no apparent evidence of crystalline copper was observed. The Cu 2p core level binding energies were
consistent with elemental Cu(0) appear in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data. Room
temperature ultra violet visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrum is characteristic of Cu(0) nanoparticles
[1, 2]. Nanoporous material VSB-1 is an excellent host to synthesize metal or metal oxide
nanoparticles due to its homogeneous nanopores and its high thermal stability.
Coulomb Staircases and Differential Conductance Oscillations in a SIMOX-Based Single-Electron Transistor
Authors: Long S.B. , Li Zhi Gang , Zhao X.W. , Chen Bao Qin , Liu Ming
Published: March 2009

For compatibility with present CMOS devices, the single-electron transistor (SET) is
preferably made in silicon. In this paper, a Si-based SET with in-plane side gates is proposed, which
is fabricated in a SIMOX (Separation by IMplanted OXygen) wafer using electron beam
lithography (EBL) with high-resolution SAL601 negative e-beam resist and inductively coupled
plasma (ICP) etching. Carefully controlled the process, the SET with a 70-nm-radius Coulomb
island is successfully fabricated. The Rds-T characteristics of the SET indicate that the device has
typical semiconductor characteristics and the co-tunneling phenomena is impossible to occur. The
Ids-Vds characteristics of the SET at different values of Vg (-10 V, 0 V, 10 V) measured at the
temperature of 2 K all show Coulomb staircases. And the good reproducibility of the Ids-Vds
characteristics can also be realized. The corresponding dIds/dVds-Vds characteristics show the clear
differential conductance oscillations at 2 K. The Ids-Vg curve at Vds = 0.1 V and Vg = 10 V
approximately exhibits Coulomb oscillations. The fabrication process is quite easy and this kind of
Si-based SET has the advantages of simplicity, IC-orientation and compatibility with traditional
CMOS process.
A Study on the Preparation of Nano-Crystalline Barium Titanate Powder by a Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Azadmanjiri J. , Salehani Hojjatollah K. , Dehghan Hamedan A. , Sadeghi M.
Published: March 2009

In this work, high purity BaTiO3 (BT) nano-powders by a sol-gel process was prepared
with Ba(NO3)2 and Ti(C4H9O)4 materials in order to acquire uniform size grains. The effects of the
crystallinity, microstructure of BT nano-powders calcined at different temperatures and dielectric
properties of the ceramics were investigated by XRD, SEM and impedance analyzer, respectively.
Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction investigation revealed cubic plates and
crystallite size. The results revealed that crystallite size and calcination temperature of BT and
influence on the dielectric constant.
Study on Opto-Electronic Integration of Resonant Tunnelling Diodes
Authors: Niu Ping Juan , Hu Hai Rong , Liu Hong Wei , Wang Wen Xin , Shang Xun Zhong
Published: March 2009

We designed the monolithic opto-electronic integrated circuit composed by Resonant
Tunnelling Diodes (RTD) and Heterojunction Phototransistor (HPT). Circuit simulation of RTD and
HPT integration is firstly processed. The material structure and technological process of the device is
introduced in detail. A good characteristic is obtained with high Peak-to-valley current ratio.
Small-Signal Circuit Elements of MIS-Type Nanostructures
Authors: Racec P.N. , Wulf Ulrich
Published: March 2009

Starting from a mean field calculation for the static capacitance of a MIS-nanostructure
with a near back gate [P.N. Racec, E. R. Racec and U. Wulf, Phys. Rev. B 65, 193314, (2002)] we
develop an approach to determine the equivalent small-signal circuit. The analyzed system has an
open character, taken into account in the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. The Coulomb interaction is
treated in Hartree approximation. Consistent with our static calculations we determine the
charge-charge correlation function in the random phase approximation to find the ac-admittances.
The small-signal circuit consists of a voltage-dependent capacitance and a resistance in series.
Beyond a characteristic frequency c ν they become frequency dependent. The characteristic frequency
is given by the life time of specific resonance which develops in the system.
Au-Si Eutectic Wafer Bonding Mechanism Analysis and a Intensity Model
Authors: Wang X. , Zhang D.C. , Li J. , You Z. , Cai B.
Published: March 2009

Our experiments highlight that gold-silicon eutectics are fairly influenced by the thickness
of Au layer and the wastage of Si, i.e. the wasting thickness of the silicon die. In the experiments, a
bonding intensity testing method, called Press-arm model, is used to verify the Au-Si eutectics
bonding strength. Through the intensity value of the bonding interface, we analyze the eutectics
condition of the bonding interface at different temperatures and discuss the optimum procession of
the wafer capsulation.
Current-Voltage Characteristic of C-RAM Nano-Cell-Element
Authors: Liu Bo , Song Zhi Tang , Feng Song Lin , Chen Bomy
Published: March 2009

Nano-cell-elements of chalcogenide random access memory (C-RAM) based on
Ge2Sb2Te5 films have been successively fabricated by using the focused ion beam
method. The minimum contact size between the Ge2Sb2Te5 phase change film and
bottom electrode film in the nano-cell-element is in diameter of 90nm. The
current-voltage characteristics of the C-RAM cell element are studied using the
home-made current-voltage tester in our laboratory. The minimum SET current of
about 0.3mA is obtained.
Energy and Structure of Copper Clusters(n=2-70,147,500) Studied by the Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Zhang Mei Ling , Li Gong Ping
Published: March 2009

The Monte Carlo(MC) and Embedded-Atoms Method(EAM) potential are employed to investigate the
structures and binding energies of copper clusters. Three results are obtained: first, the copper clusters are
formed by gradually increasing atoms to icosahedral surface when the temperature is 300K and the number
of atoms is from 2 to 70; second, the higher the symmetries are, the more stable the structures of copper
clusters are; third, copper clusters tend to be stereo construction but not planer construction when the
number of atoms is less. The structure of Cu147 is three-fly-icosahedron when the system of 147 atoms
reached equilibrium at 300K. And at 700K, all 500 atoms form clusters in gas phase.
Gas-Sensitive Properties of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser-Induced Vapor-Phase Reaction
Authors: Guo Guang Sheng , Wang Ying , Ren Wen , Gu Fu Bo , Guo Hong You
Published: March 2009

Iron oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by laser-induced vapor-phase reaction.
Mean diameter of the particles varied from approximate 4 nm to 40 nm and the crystalline phase was
transited from γ-Fe2O3 to α-Fe2O3 with increasing operation temperature. The nanometer-sized
α-Fe2O3 powders were used to fabricate a thick film based gas-sensitive sensor. The effects of the
doped noble metals or carbonate and the calcination temperature on sensitivity of the sensor were
studied. The results show that the α-Fe2O3 was doped with 3% noble metal or SrCO3 presents the best
sensitivity to CO.
On-Chip Fabrication of None-Dead-Volume Microtips for ESI-MS Applications
Authors: Lin Che Hsin , Shiea Jen Taie , Lin Yen Lieng
Published: March 2009

This paper proposes a novel method to on-chip fabricate a none-dead-volume microtip for
ESI-MS applications. The microfluidic chip and ESI tip are fabricated in low-cost plastic based
materials using a simple and rapid fabrication process. A constant-speed-pulling method is developed
to fabricate the ESI tip by pulling mixed PMMA glue using a 30-μm stainless wire through the
pre-formed microfluidic channel. The equilibrium of surface tension of PMMA glue will result in a
sharp tip after curing. A highly uniform micro-tip can be formed directly at the outlet of the
microfluidic channel with minimum dead-volume zone. Detection of caffeine, myoglobin, lysozyme
and cytochrome C biosamples confirms the microchip device can be used for high resolution ESI-MS
applications.
The Meso- Piezo-Resistive Effects in MEMS/NEMS
Authors: Wen Ting Dun , Xu Li Ping , Xiong Ji Jun , Zhang Wen Dong
Published: March 2009

Meso- piezoresistive effect is proposed, which is defined as “Strain Tuning of the
resonant current”, in order to convert a weak mechanical signal into a strong tunneling current
signal. If a mechanical signal is acted on an related mechanical nano-structure, the corresponding
strain distribution will be produced in the structure; the built- in electric field will be resulted from
the strain in system in some conditions; the strain and built-in electric filed will result in the change
of electronic energy states; the change of electronic energy state will influence on the value of the
tunneling current. Two experimental units are designed, one being used to detect an acoustic signal
under sea, other to detect acceleration.
Novel Ni Germanosilicide Technology Using N-Doped Ni and Ni Stack Structure for Nano CMOS Applications
Authors: Oh Soon Young , Yun Jang Gn , Kim Yong Jin , Lee Won Jae , Ji Hee Hwan , Kim Ui Sik , Cha Han Seob , Heo Sang Bum , Lee Jeong Gun , Cho Yoo Jeong , Han Gil Jin , Kim Yeong Cheul , Wang Jin Suk , Lee Hi Deok
Published: March 2009

In this paper, novel Ni Germanosilicide technology using the 1%-nitrogen doped Ni and
pure Ni stack structure has been proposed for nano-scale CMOS technology. The Ni Germanosilicide
is formed on the Si0.8Ge0.2 layer which is known as an optimal composition for strained silicon
application. Proposed structure showed much better thermal stability than pure Ni case. Silicide
characteristics such as the sheet resistance, the interface uniformity of silicide/SiGe, surface
roughness, and depth profile of the Ni, Si, and Ge showed little degradation even with the high
temperature post-silicidation annealing at 600 for 30 min. Therefore, the proposed method is
highly promising for nano-scale CMOS technology.
Pd/Oxide/InGaP MOS Schottky Hydrogen Sensor with Native Thin Oxide
Authors: Yarn Kao Feng , Lin Y.L. , Chure M.C. , Wu K.K. , Chang S.C.
Published: March 2009

Liquid phase deposition (LPD) grown InGaP native oxide near room temperature (~60oC) is
demonstrated and investigated for the first time. A high oxidation rate (~80nm/hr) is obtained and
checked by SEM and AES. The oxide is determined to be composed of InPO4 and Ga2O3 which are
analyzed by the results of XPS measurement. Due to the presence of excellent quality of InGaP
native oxide, high hydrogen (H2) sensitivity in output current of Pd/oxide/InGaP MOS Schottky
diode is observed. Under the applied voltage of -1V and 50ppm H2/air, a high sensitivity of 1090 is
obtained. In addition, an obvious variation of output current and a short response time due to the
exposure to different H2 concentration are also achieved.
Photoconductivity Study of Modified Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube/ Oxotitanium Phthalocyanine
Authors: Li T. , Zhang X.B. , Li Y. , Huang W.Z. , Tao X.Y. , Zhang H. , Ma X.F. , Shi Y.W. , Chen H.Z.
Published: March 2009

Single-wall Carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) bonded with dodecylamine groups were
obtained by chemical modification. The modified SWNTs showed improved solubility in organic
solvents. Both its chemical and aggregated structure was characterized by means of FTIR and TEM.
The photoconductivity of oxotitanium phthalocyanine (TiOPc) doped with the modified SWNTs
was investigated by xerographic photoinduced discharge method. The results showed that the
photosensitivity of the double-layered photoreceptor composed of the SWNTs/TiOPc composite as
charge generation material was higher than that of pristine TiOPc, and the sensitivity increased with
the content of modified SWNTs in the composites. It is the photoinduced charge transfer between
TiOPc and SWNTs that contributes to the improved photosensitivity of the modified SWNTs/TiOPc
composites.
Preparation and Characterization of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanofibers Containing ZnS Nanopaticles via Electrospinning
Authors: Wang H.Y. , Zhao Yi Yang , Li Z.Y. , Lu Xiao Feng , Wang C. , Wei Yen
Published: March 2009

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers containing functional ZnS nanoparticles have been
successfully prepared by electrospinning technique. The ZnS/PVA mixture solution for
electrospinning was obtained by reacting Zn(Ac)2 with Na2S in the PVA aqueous solution.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray
diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that the morphology of the ZnS/PVA nanofibers consists of the
dispersion of ZnS nanopaticles with cubic structure in PVA nanofibers. The coordinations between
–OH and Zn2+ were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The photoluminescence spectroscopy
studies showed that the ZnS/PVA nanofibers had a strong blue-violet emission band at 450 nm,
which may be associated with defect-related emission of the ZnS.
The Resonant Tunneling in Si1-xGex/Si Superlattices
Authors: Xu Li Ping , Wen Ting Dun , Yang Xiao Feng , Zhang Wen Dong
Published: March 2009

It has been studied that the dependence of tunneling coefficient T on the ratio x of Ge, on
the barrier width B L , on the well width W L and on the periodicity N in periodic superlattices
Si1-xGex/Si by the method of transfer matrix, and shown in figures. The dependence of peak region
width W on the above parameters are discussed in detail, and plotted, those are fitted in functions.
These results may be useful to convert a weak mechanical signal into a strong tunneling current
signal and to design electron devices based on meso- piezoresistive effect in the superlattices
Si1-xGex/Si.
Nano Sized Patterning on the Thermoset Materials Using Thermal Curing Nano-Imprinting Technology
Authors: Ra Seung Hyun , Lee Heon
Published: March 2009

Nano-imprinting technology, currently developing as an alternative technology for
photolithography, is mostly dealing with photo resist materials for etching barrier. In other words, the
materials imprinted are used as the barriers for wet etching or RIE (reactive ion etching), and then are
removed after all. Thus, most materials developed for nano-imprinting technology have relatively
low Tg(<100oC), in case of solids or have a low viscosity before curing in order to fill the gap of the
stamp. Such materials could not be suitable for the structures that require relatively high temperature
process ability, high modulus or high durability. Epoxy is one of candidates that meet such
requirements for the structures. However, it has not been reported about imprinting on epoxy
materials. In this paper, nano-imprinting technology was developed to fabricate the microstructures.
Instead of thermoplastic imprint resin, solid phase epoxy films, which is thermoset polymer, were
imprinted with SAM (self assembly monolayer) coated quartz and silicon stamps. Feature size of
stamp varies from 150nm to 1 μm and height was 300nm for quartz stamp and 3μm for Si stamp.
Fabrication of a Brush-Shaped Bent Fiber Probe for Near-Field Optics by Heated Pulling Combined with Chemical Etching
Authors: Li Peng Fei , Pan Shi , Wu Shi Fa , Li Yin Li , Sun Wei
Published: March 2009

We developed a method to fabricate bent fiber probe: heated pulling combined with
chemical etching. Based on sampling theory, the resolving power of SNOM relates to the size of the
probe tip. If the apex of the probe is smaller, the resolution ability of SNOM is higher. At the same
time it can collect more near-field information through bigger cone angle of probe.
Through improving the operation and optimizing the parameters of the heated-pulling
instrument, we can obtain the probe with bent angle fiber varying from 120-150 degree, the cone
angle varying from 40-90 degree and the apex diameter less than 100nm.
With this new brush shape of probe, the collecting efficiency for near-field light is improved.
That is to say that more near-field information is obtained. The successful ratio of the produce is
more than 70%.
A Facile Way to Synthesize Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Replicated by Mesoporous Silicas
Authors: Shen Wei Hua , Shi Jian Lin , Zhu Yu Fang
Published: March 2009

High ordered mesoporous carbon molecular sieves designated as CMK-3 and CMK-5
was synthesized using mesoporous silica SBA-15 as hard template, pre-polymerized furfuryl
alcohol as a carbon souse by one-step impregnation. The effect of the furfuryl alcohol to silicas
ratio have been investigated. XRD pattern, N2 sorption, FE-SEM, TEM, TG-DSC was used to
characterize the property of the product. These results show that the CMK-3 and CMK-5 type
mesoporous carbon can be controlled and facilely obtained.
High-Frequency Capability of Schottky-Barrier Carbon Nanotube FETs
Authors: Castro Leonardo C. , Pulfrey D.L. , John D.L.
Published: March 2009

The high-frequency capability of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors is investigated by
simulating the small-signal performance of a device with negative-barrier Schottky contacts for the
source and drain, and with a small, ungated region of nanotube between the end contacts and the edge
of the wrap-around gate electrode. The overall structure is shown to exhibit resonant behaviour,
which leads to a significant bias dependence of the small-signal capacitances and transconductance.
This could lead to high-frequency figures of merit (fT and fmax) in the terahertz regime.
Reduction of Surface Work Function of Nano-Amorphous Carbon Film due to Hydrogen Chemisorption
Authors: Lu Zhan Ling , Wang Chang Qing , Yao Ning , Jia Yu , Zhang Bing Lin
Published: March 2009

In this paper it had been observed experimentally that hydrogen adsorption
on nano-structure sp2-bonded amorphous carbon film, which was produced on
ceramic substrate by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition system, could
improve its field emission property. Considering that surface morphology is not
significantly varied with hydrogen adsorption, we suggested that hydrogen adsorption
on the film surface mainly lowered the work function of emitter surface.
For confirmation of the above suggestion, theoretical calculation was performed to
investigate work functions of graphite (0001) surfaces with different hydrogen
chemisorption sites at 1/2 H coverage by using first principles method based on
DFT-GGA. An asymmetric slab supercell approach with periodic boundaries had been
employed to model the graphite (0 0 0 1) surface. The calculation results were in
agreement with experimental conclusion.
Preparation of Tea Polyphenols-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on the Phase Behaviors of Hot Microemulsions
Authors: Ma Quan Hong , Xia Qiang , Lu Yang Yan , Hao Xiao Zhen , Gu Ning , Lin Xiang Fei , Luo Dan
Published: March 2009

Solid lipid nanoparticles(SLN) appear a promising approach as a drug system for topical
application. The solid lipid matrices allow protection of incorporated active ingredients against
chemical and physical degradation. This paper deals with controllable preparation of solid lipid
nanoparticles based on the phase behaviors of hot microemulsions. The pseudoternary phase
diagram for the system of glyceryl monostearate(GMS)/ mixed surfactants (polyoxyethylene(40)
stearate(S-40) and poloxamer 188 (F-68))/ water was obtained at 60 °C using self-made apparatus
with temperature control. The mass ratios of glyceryl monostearate(GMS), mixed surfactants and
water were determined according to the region of w/o hot microemulsion. It was shown that the size
of TP-SLN increased slightly with the increasing of concentration of TP, polydispersity index was
approximately 0.5, encapsulation efficiency decreased distinctly. The percutaneous absorption
experiment of tea polyphenols loaded SLN through the rabbit skin were conducted using self-made
Franz diffusion cell in vitro. The transdermal penetration was sustained.
Measurements of Tensile Modulus of Carbon Nanotube Incorporated Polymer Nanofibers
Authors: Kim Jae Min , Öztruk Yavuz , Shin Kwan Woon
Published: March 2009

We developed a simple method for the tensile properties of electrospun nanofibers by
using a computerized spring-balance/step-motor setup. Calculation of total cross-sectional areas for
each sample with vertically aligned nanofibers was readily done by SEM images and optical
micrograph. The detailed setup and feasibility were described in the text. The tensile stress-strain
curves of carbon nanotube incorporated polystyrene nanofibers were determined through this method,
and characteristically consistent data, which was collected from each different sample, were
successfully obtained.
The Nano Membrane-Like Structure of the Precambrian Microfossils under Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)
Authors: Chi H.M. , Xiao Z.D. , Xiao Xin Xing
Published: March 2009

Weng`an fauna in Guizhou, China provides a unique window for the evolution of the
early life especially since the animal embryos and sponge is found there. Phosphatization makes the
fossils preserve in details including cells and subcellular structure. Here we use atomic force
microscope observing the surface of some three dimensional preserved embryo fossils and the ultra
membrane-like structure is found under atomic force microscope (AFM) while such structure can`t
be found under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The membrane-like structure is
approximately 10nm in thickness which maybe one part of the fossil embryos or belong to another
nano scale microfossils. Therefore, AFM provides a new method for the study of the ultra structure
of the microfossils from Weng`an fauna.