bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Liquid Smoke from Siwalan Fruit Skin Waste as an Organic Pesticide Against Armyworm Mortality
Authors: Dewi Septiyanna Rokhmawati , Nurmaningsih Dyah Ratri , Pribadi Arqowi
Published: November 2022

Pest attacks that result in reduced crop yields require alternative control that is able to prevent damage to agricultural land. Organic pesticides are environmentally friendly pesticides because the materials used are derived from natural ingredients, one of which is liquid smoke, namely liquid smoke made from natural ingredients containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This study was to determine the effect of giving liquid smoke of siwalan peel waste as an organic pesticide. Liquid smoke is obtained from the combustion process with a little oxygen at a certain temperature. The content of compounds in liquid smoke was analyzed using GCMS. Pyrolysis results obtained dark brown liquid smoke, clear, has a smoke-like odor (sangit), and has a watery texture which is used as an organic pesticide on spodoptera litura with varying concentrations of 5%, 7%, 9%, 11%, and 13%. The results of the GCMS analysis found 18 components of the liquid smoke of siwalan rind waste, among the compounds that function as organic pesticides are phenol, furfuran, acetone, and palimitic acid. The results of the analysis of the mortality of spodoptera litura sequentially showed the average value of mortality in 2 repetitions, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 35%. The greater the concentration of liquid smoke, the higher the mortality value. However, it is less effective to kill spodoptera litura quickly, even mortality at a maximum concentration of only 35% or has not reached the death rate of 50% of test animals.
Analisis Karakteristik dan Potensi Daur Ulang Sampah Non Domestik Kabupaten Solok Selatan sebagai Upaya Meminimalisir Sampah ke TPA
Authors: Fauzi Mhd. , Darnas Yeggi , Aziz Rizki , Chyntia Nanda
Published: November 2022

Pengelolaan sampah Kabupaten Solok Selatan yang menerapkan prinsip lama yaitu dikumpulkan di wadah, diangkut menggunakan kendaraan, dan dibuang ke Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) tanpa proses pengolahan menyebabkan semakin menumpuknya sampah di TPA. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk analisis karakteristik dan potensi daur ulang sampah non domestik sebagai upaya dalam meminimalisir sampah yang masuk ke TPA. Penentuan jumlah titik sampling 10% dari jumlah masing-masing fasilitas berdasarkan SNI 19-3964-1994. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian karakteristik sampah seperti proximate analysis, rasio C/N, dan fraksi biodegradabilitas, sampah non domestik di Kabupaten Solok Selatan layak untuk dikompos. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa sampah memiliki potensi daur ulang yang cukup tinggi. Terdapat beberapa sampah yang memiliki potensi untuk didaur ulang seperti sampah plastik, logam non ferrous, sampah makanan, kertas, dan kaca dengan nilai 95,78%, 94,52%, 92,12%, 64,14%, dan 65,37%. Sampah yang dihasilkan dari masing-masing fasilitas bisa dilakukan pengolahan seperti pengomposan dengan skala sumber. Berdasarkan nilai potensi daur ulang, sampah yang memiliki nilai jual dipisahkan dari sampah residu dan dijual ke pengepul. Selain memiliki nilai jual, langkah ini berperan penting dalam meminimalisir sampah yang dibawa ke TPA sehingga umur TPA menjadi panjang.
Analisis Postur Tubuh Pekerja Dengan Menggunakan Metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (Studi Kasus : PT. Ravana Jaya)
Authors: Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Rizqi Akhmad Wasiur , Hidayat Hidayat
Published: November 2022

PT. Ravana Jaya merupakan sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang konstruksi baja dengan menerapkan sistem out sourching dengan bahan baku utamanya yaitu baja, dimana dalam proses produksinya terdapat postur kerja yang kurang tepat atau salah, sehingga dapat menimbulkan keluhan MSDs. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui tingkat resiko postur kerja serta memberikan usulan perbaikan untuk selanjutnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni dengan menggunakan metode RULA dengan menggunakan software CATIA V5R20. Dari hasil penelitian menggukan metode RULA di PT. Ravana Jaya dapat diketahui tingkat resiko postur kerja yang tinggi yakni pada proses marking, fit-up, dan welding yang mendapatkan final score 7 yang ditandai dengan warna merah. Dari adanya tingkat resiko tinggi maka diperlukan perbaikan untuk mengurangi terjadinya MSDs adalah dengan melakukan perubahan postur kerja yang bervariasi ataupun dengan memberikan alat bantu kerja yang berupa meja kerja, sehingga para perkerja dapat melakukan aktivitas kerjanya dengan aman dan nyaman.Kata Kunci: PT. Ravana Jaya, postur kerja, MSDs, RULA, CATIA V5R20.
Penerapan Metode SERVQUAL Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Di Balai Desa Dukunanyar
Authors: Diyanah Fitriyatud , P Efta Dhartikasari
Published: November 2022

Semakin lamanya sebuah desa berdiri, maka masyarakat yang ada di desa tersebut semakin bekembang sebagaimana di desa Dukunanyar ini yang memerlukan Balai Desa untuk melakukan Pelayanan Publik. Pelayanan publik merupakan salah satu hal yang mendapat sorotan dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan. Salah satunya adalah pelayanan di Balai Desa, dalam manfaatnya untuk mempermudah pelayanan publik masyarakat desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas pelayanan jasa yang diberikan oleh pihak Balai Desa Dukunanyar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Servqual yang merupakan sebuah instrumen untuk melakukan pengukuran kualitas jasa. Pengukuran kualitas jasa dalam model Servqual ini berdasarkan lima dimensi jasa yaitu tangibles, responsiveness, realibility, assurance, dan emphaty. Dalam penelitian ini akan diukur 5 gap yaitu kesenjangan antara jasa yang dialami dan jasa yang diharapkan oleh pelanggan. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan adalah atribut yang memiliki tingkat kepentingan paling tinggi adalah atribut P17 dengan nilai kepentingan 1.675 yaitu atribut Fasilitas, dimensi kualitas pelayanan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen Balai Desa Dukunanyar adalah dimensi responsiveness (daya tanggap) dengan tingkat kesenjangan -0,825 yaitu atribut “Kemampuan Menggunakan Alat Bantu”, variabel kualitas pelayanan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan adalah tangible (bukti fisik).
Analisis 5S Pada Area Tempat Produksi Di PT Ravana Jaya Gresik
Authors: Afandi Muhamad Nur , Rizqi Akhmad Wasiur , Hidayat -
Published: November 2022

PT Ravana Jaya perusahaan kontruksi baja yang menerapkan sistem make to order dengan bahan baku utama baja. Di PT Ravana Jaya proses produksi berlangsung di tempat produksi dari proses awal pengerjaan sampai tahap akhir (packing). PT Ravana Jaya sudah menerapkan budaya 5S dan  peraturan k3 bagi karyawannya. Di tempat produksi juga sudah diatur tata letak dan proses pengerjaannya. Akan tetapi masih banyak barang dan alat yang tidak tertata rapi sehingga dapat menghambat proses pengerjaan, mengakibatkan kerugian, dan juga dapat membahayakan bagi karyawan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indikator kriteria 5S yang ada di PT Ravana Jaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi secara langsung pada area tempat produksi di PT Ravana Jaya. Data penelitian ini diambil pada bulan April 2022-Juni 2022. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dengan cara mengidentifikasi permasalahan yang ada pada area tempat produksi kemudian di klasifikasikan berdasarkan metode 5S. Sehingga dapat dibuat format cheklist audit guna mengetahui nilai keterangan pada budaya 5S yang ada di PT Ravana Jaya. Dari data format cheklist audit ini nantinya bisa menjadi sebuah catatan sebagai perbaikan dan evaluasi budaya 5S yang ada di PT Ravana Jaya.Kata Kunci:PT Ravana Jaya, kontruksi baja, budaya 5S, format cheklist audit.
Analisis Pilihan Moda Transportasi Menuju Universitas Palangka Raya
Authors: Sihombing Ruspita , Desriantomy Desriantomy , Silitonga Sutan Parasian
Published: November 2022

Meningkatnya jumlah mahasiswa di Universitas Palangka Raya yang akan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan penggunaan transportasi yang jumlahnya tidak sedikit, dimana persebaran rumah-rumah dan lokasi tempat tinggal mahasiswa yang tidak sama menyebabkan kebutuhan akan transportasi meningkat untuk dapat berangkat dan pulang kampus. Selain itu perjalanan yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa akan membentuk suatu pola yang menarik. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya model pemilihan moda transportasi mahasiswa untuk mengetahui kecenderungan mahasiswa dalam memilih moda transportasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi, serta model pilihan moda transportasi mahasiswa menuju Universitas Palangka Raya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner serta wawancara dimana pertanyaan yang diberikan yang berhubungan dengan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi mahasiswa dalam pemilihan moda transportasi ke kampus. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan software SPSS dengan model utama multinomial logit dalam pemilihan moda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan model pilihan moda di Universitas Palangka Raya, antara jalan kaki, sepeda, sepeda motor, dan mobil. Berdasarkan model tersebut didapatkan reference category adalah sepeda motor.Kata Kunci: Moda transportasi, model, reference category.
Preparasi dan Karakteristik Lembaran Plastik Limbah Masker Berdasarkan Variasi Lapisan Luar, Tengah, dan Dalam
Authors: Rebia Rina Afiani , Budiman Ahmad Satria , Hidayah Febrianti Nurul , Septyani Dwi Wulan , Isla Syifa Ainul
Published: November 2022

Peningkatan konsumsi pengunaan masker di tingkat rumah tangga sebagai salah satu alat pelindung diri (APD) berdampak pada limbah yang dihasilkan. Bahan masker sekali pakai adalah polipropilena yang merupakan plastik dengan sifat yang sulit terurai dan membutuhkan waktu lama untuk terurai di lingkungan. Sehingga proses daur ulang menjadi salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan. Pada daur ulang masker mengunakan metode hot press dengan suhu 200°C, tekanan 100 bar, dan lama waktu pengepresan 5 menit telah berhasil dilakukan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa limbah masker dengan berat 20 dan 30 g dari tiga lapisan yaitu Luar (L), Tengah (T), Dalam (D) dan campurannya berpotensi untuk diolah menjadi lembaran plastik. Gugus fungsi masker lapisan Luar (L), Tengah (T), Dalam (D), dan lembaran plastik L/T/D dicirikan oleh penyerapan khas polipropilena (PP). Pada lapisan Luar (L) dan lembaran plastik L/T/D terdapat bilangan gelombang pada 2323 cm-1 yang merupakan gugus fungsi CH. Ketebalan lembaran plastik tiga lapisan dan campurannya dengan berat limbah masker 20 dan 30 g adalah antara 0.13 ± 0.01 mm sampai 0.37 ± 0.06 mm dan 0.29 ± 0.02 mm sampai 0.45 ± 0.04 mm, berturut-turut. Morfologi permukaan pada masker lapisan Luar (L), Dalam (D), dan campuran Luar/Tengah/Dalam (L/T/D) memperlihatkan karakteristik yang hampir sama yaitu sedikit beralur. Sedangkan masker lapisan Tengah (T) terlihat seperti terdapat goresan-goresan kecil. Kekuatan tarik dan elongation lembaran plastik dengan berat 20 gram sebagai berikut: lapisan Luar (1.3 MPa dan 0.92%), Tengah (0 MPa dan 0%), Dalam (1.14 MPa dan 2.04%), Luar/Tengah (0.14 MPa dan 0.33%), Luar/Dalam (1.23 MPa dan 1.27%), dan Luar/Tengah/Dalam (0.64 MPa dan 0.64%). Kenaikan berat sampel dari 20 menjadi 30 g secara umum berpengaruh pada ketebalan lembaran plastik, kenaikan kekuatan tarik, dan nilai kemuluran lembaran plastik.Kata Kunci: Limbah masker, lapisan masker, daur ulang, lembaran plastik, karakteristik
Review of Air Intake System Development for Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Nastiti Yulia Ayu , R Nur Hidayatur , Nurdinda Risma
Published: November 2022

Today air intake system for internal combustion engines has experience changes to increase its performance. In existence of an appropriate air supply will affect the air-fuel ratio (AFR) and impact on the power generated and decrease the value of NOx for more complex effects. The increasing demand for energy encourages the creation of new technologies that increase the value of work in the form of decreasing emissions, increasing efficiency to longer durability. The method used in this study is a comparison of the results of each starting air system. The air intake system functions as an air supply for the combustion process, the first air intake system utilizing atmospheric pressure to push air into the combustion chamber which today has developed with a turbo system. Turbo system has functions to increase the amount of air supply and compress it, so that the combustion process will be more efficient and produce more environmentally friendly exhaust gases and more optimal power, in other words better efficiency this is known as a turbocharger.
Pengaruh Hambatan Samping Terhadap Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (Studi Kasus: Jalan G. Obos XII)
Authors: Ramadani Sahrul , Supiyan Supiyan , Elvina Ina
Published: November 2022

Masalah yang muncul pada jalan perkotaan di Indonesia adalah kemacetan lalu lintas, hal ini terlihat pada ruas jalan G. Obos XII, banyak aktivitas masyarakat yang menggunakan badan jalan sehingga terjadi peningkatan kinerja jalan yang menyebabkan penambahan waktu tempuh, akhirnya menimbulkan external cost. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya BOK sepeda motor pada jam tersibuk saat pagi dan malam hari. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer secara langsung dilapangan dengan mencatat data survei arus lalu lintas, hambatan samping, dan waktu tempuh kendaraan. Sedangkan, data sekunder diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik, data tersebut diolah lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan metode HDM-VOC. Dari hasil analisis data survei diperoleh BOK rata-rata sepeda motor berdasarkan kecepatan sebenarnya saat pagi adalah sebesar Rp. 24.437,02/jam dan malam menjadi Rp. 24.838,70/jam (terjadi peningkatan 1,64%), sedangkan berdasarkan kecepatan arus bebas saat pagi adalah sebesar Rp. 22.442,73/jam dan malam menjadi Rp. 21.820,88/jam (terjadi penurunan 2,77%). External cost yang merupakan biaya tambahan operasional kendaraan dengan metode HDM-VOC berdasarkan kecepatan sebenarnya adalah sebesar Rp. 4.108,54/jam, sedangkan berdasarkan kecepatan arus bebas sebesar Rp. 3.645,14/jam.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Penggunaan Lahan Berdasarkan Kemampuan Lahan dengan Metode Skoring di Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Affan Muzailin , Hidayatullah Fadhil , Dahlan Dahlan
Published: November 2022

Aceh Besar District is designated as an Integrated Economic Development Zone (KAPET) with the potential for rapid economic and regional development. This has an effect on the demand for land and housing for development which at any time can increase sharply, if not accompanied by certain policies and considerations it can cause a decrease in land capacity and affect the sustainable development of the area. The demand for more rapid development can lead to uncontrolled land-use change, changes in spatial use, and trigger disasters that affect community economic development. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of land use based on the ability of the land to use spatial data in Aceh Besar District. This study uses the scoring method for spatial analysis that refers to the Permen PU No. 20 / PRT / M / 2007. The results showed that the land capability unit of Aceh Besar District had an average weight of 3, except for the land capability of the carrying capacity and foundation stability was less with a weight of 2-3. The land capability value of the Aceh Besar Regency is 71-121, with the highest land capability class being class c (value 83-109) covering an area of 215,861.16 Ha or 74.96% and is included in the medium development classification. The suitability of land use in Aceh Besar District has a high level of land-use suitability with an area corresponding to 277.887,38 Ha or 96,56% and an area according to conditionally covering 9.895,94 Ha or 3.44%, while the level of land use mismatch in Aceh Besar District is classified as low with an area of 2,15 Ha or 0,0007%.
Analisis Efektivitas Mesin Injection 2500 Ton di Bagian Produksi PT.XYZ Menggunakan Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness
Authors: Putri Sri Widiyanti , Momon Ade , Wahyudin Wahyudin , Fikri Salim
Published: November 2022

PT. XYZ is an industrial company that focuses on manufacturing automotive components. The company also has many branches in various countries such as in the USA, India, China, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia. The machine used in this company is an injection molding machine. PT. XYZ focuses its company on manufacturing car interior components. Many activities are carried out in it such as the injection process, painting to assembly. Data for the injection engine of 2500 TON experienced downtime or damage for the last three months (January-March 2022) which was 10,055 minutes, where the highest injection engine downtime data occurred in January 2022 of 3685 minutes. It is necessary to evaluate the injection machine to be able to determine the effectiveness of the injection machine using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method by looking for values from availability, performance to quality. Based on the results obtained in these three months, it does not meet international standards at an OEE score of 85%.
Analisis Status Mutu Air Sungai Mahakam Kota Samarinda Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran
Authors: Nur Annisa Nidya Aulia , Hakim Abdul , Setyowati Rr Diah Nugraheni
Published: November 2022

Sungai Mahakam have an important role in the survival of the surrounding society. Mahakam River is used by the surrounding society for their household needs and also as a source of raw water for Perumdam Tirta Kencana, Samarinda City. In addition, this river is also used for a means of transportation and a lane for barges that carrying coal. This condition allows the pollution that occurs in this river. Physical condition that shows the color of the water is cloudy and the growth of water hyacinth plants along the river. Therefore, the status of the water quality is needed as pollution control for Mahakam River. The method that used to determine the quality status in this study is the Pollution Index. The parameters that used in this study are pH, Temperature, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and Pb (lead) which were measured according to SNI. The results of the Mahakam River water quality status at point 1-3 are included in the “lightly polluted’ category with 2,106-1,65 value range.
Preparation of Edible Film from A Mixture of Carrot Extract (Daucus carota L.) with Tapioca Flour, Wheat Flour, and Glycerine
Authors: Zaidar Emma
Published: November 2022

The preparation of edible film from carrot extracts (Daucus Carota, L) with the addition of tapioca flour, wheat flour, and glycerin was carried out. The edible film was prepared by mixing carrot extract, tapioca flour, and wheat flour, and then heated and added with glycerin and stirred up. The homogeneous solution was put into an acrylic plate to form an edible film and dried in an oven at 40oC for ± 2 days. The edible film formed was characterized and analyzed its nutrition content. The tensile strength and elasticity of edible film with a ratio of 5 g tapioca flour and 5 g wheat flour were 0.1028 KgF/mm2 and 39.83% respectively. The thickness of edible film with a ratio of 2.5 g of tapioca flour and 7.5 g of wheat flour 7.5 g was 0.26 mm. The better nutrition content was found on edible film with a ratio of 5 g tapioca flour and 5 g wheat flour which has 13.94% moisture content, 2.67% ash content, 4.93% protein content, and 2.90% fat, 75.56% carbohydrate content, and 410.34 ppm carotene content. Organoleptic test edible film of color, taste, texture, and aroma gave an average score of 3 (like), because of the shiny color, crunchy taste, smooth texture, and interesting edible film. Based on the test indicated that people accepted the edible film produced.
Isolation of Flavonoid Compounds from Salam (Syzygium polyantha Wight) Leaves
Authors: Pasaribu Albert
Published: November 2022

Isolation of flavonoid compounds from Salam (Syzygium polyantha Wight) leaves has been done by maceration technique with methanol solvent. Methanol extract obtained was evaporated and dissolved with ethyl acetate. The solution was then concentrated and evaporated. The ethyl acetate fraction was dissolved with methanol and partitioned with n-hexane solvent. The methanol layer was evaporated and then tested with Benedict’s reagent and then acidified with HCl 6% while heated. It was then extracted partition with chloroform. The chloroform layer was separated using Column Chromatography with silica gel as the stationary phase and n-hexane: ethyl acetate 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40 v/v, respectively as the mobile phase. The pure compound was paste, brownish red, mass = 8.5 mg, and Rf=0.60. It was a positive reaction with flavonoid compound reagents. The compound was further identified by using UV-Visible, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Spectroscopy data obtained indicated that the compound is a flavonoid.
Synthesis of Sulfated Chitosan Through Sulfation Reaction of Chitosan with Chlorosulfonic Acid in N, N-Dimethylformamide, and Antibacterial Activity Test
Authors: Manik Epria R , Kaban Jamaran
Published: November 2022

Sulfated chitosan has been successfully synthesized through sulfation reaction between chitosan and chlorosulfonic acid using catalyst and N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent. The first step was sulfation of chitosan with 4; 4.5; 5 mL of HClSO3. The formation of sulfated chitosan was supported by an increased solubility in water and the appearance of peaks at 1111 cm-1, which indicated the C-O-S group. Sulfated chitosan that has been produced, has a degree of sulfation of 5.6041%; 6.0045%; 6.8051%. Sulfated chitosan shows moderate antibacterial activity and a wide spectrum of antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacterias. The increase in the degree of sulfation was proportional to the increase in antimicrobial activity of both bacteria. The highest antibacterial activity based on inhibitory zone diameter was 10 mm for sulfated chitosan that has been produced from 1 g of chitosan with 5 mL of HClSO3 with a degree of sulfation was 6.8051%.
The Effect of Variation of Latex Mixed Storage Time Polystyrene and Natural Rubber Concentrate Latex on the Stability of the Emulsion by Using Emulsifier Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
Authors: Osman Hakimah
Published: November 2022

Preparation of latex polystyrene with emulsifier ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) has been carried out by dissolving styrofoam (foam polystyrene) in toluene (30/70). And then polystyrene solution was mixed with aquadest, at ratios polystyrene and aquadest (v/v) were 90:10, 70:30, 50:50, 70:30, and 10:90 then added 10 mL of sodium lauryl sulfate (NLS) solution at concentrations 30%. The characterizations of the latex polystyrene included the stability determination during storage by density measurement and the determination of particle sizes and forms by microscopic optic observation. The results show that latex polystyrene ratio 90:10 is the most stable with density value constant during storage, are  0,848 g/mL for 30%. The particle sizes average is 1,56 mm with the distribution particle sizes decreasing as latex is 8,3 mm. Photomicrograph microscope optic shows that latex polystyrene NLS 30% has familiar particle forms and sizes
Ascensão do microempreendedor individual para microempresa pelo simples nacional
Authors: Lima Cleydiane Queiroz , Nascimento Beatriz Christine Loyola , Mota Anderson Leonardo dos Santos , Roberto José Carlos Alves
Published: November 2022

Este artigo aborda os principais fatores que contribuem para o crescimento do microempreendedor, ilustrando a ideia de desenvolvimento de negócios e divulgando detalhes que fornecem o suporte necessário para evitar problemas com irregularidades perante tamanha burocracia. Dessa forma, o artigo produzido manifesta a seguinte questão: quais são os efeitos do crescimento do microempreendedor individual? A pesquisa tem como objetivo geral evidenciar os métodos de transição MEI e, a partir desse contexto, destacar a classificação da categoria em ascensão, selecionando o Simples Nacional como a melhor alternativa de regime para micro negócios. O estudo que está sendo apresentado é de origem bibliográfica, de abordagem qualitativa e busca ser descritivo em sua metodologia, apontando características e informações sobre o tema proposto, obtidas de fontes confiáveis. Como resultado, mostraremos que a abordagem do artigo é demonstrar a melhor forma de manter a regularidade de microempresas é por meio da organização tributária, que permite que um empresário individual administre bem seu negócio e tenha as condições necessárias para ter uma estratégia de crescimento em um mercado competitivo por meio das vantagens que o sistema de regime tributário Simples Nacional proporciona.
Os encargos sociais e trabalhistas nas empresas optantes pelo simples nacional
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Karolina Alves , Silva Nayla Rafaella Martins da , Maciel Nayan da Costa , Roberto José Carlos Alves , Cavalcante Zuila Paulino
Published: November 2022

Os encargos sociais correspondem às contribuições previdenciárias pagas pelo empregador para benefício indireto do empregado. Já os encargos trabalhistas, que também são obrigações da empresa para com seus funcionários, caracterizam-se como um benefício direto. Diante disso, o presente artigo, tem como questão norteadora: quais são os encargos incidentes sobre a folha de pagamento de empresas optantes pelo Simples Nacional? O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar os encargos sociais e trabalhistas que as empresas optantes pelo Simples Nacional estão submetidas, tendo em vista que estes impactam o faturamento da organização. A metodologia adotada baseia-se na pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa, visto que foi utilizada a coleta e análise de informações de fontes bibliográficas existentes. Como resultados aborda-se as obrigações trabalhistas e sociais dos empregadores, assim como ressalta-se a importância de conhecer as particularidades dos encargos incidentes sobre a folha de pagamento. Por fim, conclui-se que empresas que se inserem no regime de contribuição do Simples Nacional, por serem entidades com lucro mais baixo, possuem menores valores destinados a encargos trabalhistas, além de não possuírem a obrigação de pagar determinados encargos.
Violência doméstica contra a mulher no estado do Tocantins, Brasil, entre os anos de 2014 e 2018
Authors: Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Silva Anderson Walter Costa , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves
Published: November 2022

Uma prática que possa levar uma pessoa a ter danos, internos ou externos, pode ser considerada violência. A violência contra a mulher é uma questão de saúde pública. Em um contexto histórico, a mulher foi socialmente subjugada às vontades do homem. No Tocantins, assim como em outros locais do país, a violência doméstica contra a mulher tende a ser praticada por cônjuges ou pessoas próximas a ela. Este trabalho tem como meta fazer a análise do quadro de violência doméstica contra a mulher no estado do Tocantins entre 2014 e 2018. Na maioria da população feminina não existe consciência a respeito dos seus direitos legais nem das leis que os amparam. Elas têm dependência emocional do(a) parceiro(a) e a desigualdade social e o pouco estudo as tornam alvos preferenciais da violência doméstica. A maioria das mulheres do TO, se autodeclaram pardas e se encontram em vulnerabilidade social, intelectual e financeira. A confiança plena no cônjuge e em conhecidos próximos expõem a mulher a episódios de violência doméstica. Por fim, a situação atual da pandemia parece aumentar os episódios deste tipo de violência.
Company Loans in Procurement of Goods Services Government Corruption Perspectives
Authors: Suryadi Suryadi , Helmi Helmi , Mispansyah Mispansyah
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze criminal acts committed by legal subjects who commit criminal acts of corruption in the procurement of goods and services of government agencies, namely by analyzing the subject in cases of corruption and criminal liability in terms of borrowing companies for the procurement of goods and / services for the government. This study uses a prescriptive normative legal research to find solutions to problems. The results of the research are: in criminal acts committed by the PT.MA corporation, which are asked to be criminally responsible for the Corporation or the Management, or the Corporation and the Management. If the corporate management of PT.CSL knows the intentions or actions committed by PT.MA employees, resulting in a criminal act of corruption, and PT.CSL benefits from these actions, then of course PT.CSL can be held criminally responsible, but if the management of PT.CSL do not know and the act of getting any benefit from acts of corruption committed by employees of PT. MA, then PT. CSL cannot be held criminally responsible.
Gliders metadata
Authors: Krieger Magali , Turpin Victor , Testor Pierre , Petihakis George , Tanhua Toste
Published: November 2022

Report on the progress of the EuroSea project on glider network metadata management in Europe and globally
Derive observable ocean climate indicators from seasonal forecast
Authors: Balmaseda Magdalena A. , McAdam Ronan , Masina Simona , Retish Senan , Mayer Michael , Gualdi Silvio
Published: November 2022

Derive the user-relevant indicators defined in Milestone MS7 from the ensemble of ECMWF and CMCC seasonal forecasts systems contributing to C3S
Skill assessment of ECV/EOV from seasonal forecast
Authors: Balmaseda Magdalena A. , McAdam Ronan , Masina Simona , Senan Retish , Mayer Michael , Gualdi Silvio
Published: November 2022

Assess the seasonal forecast skill of selected ocean variables - SST, OHC300m, and SSH - from the ensemble of ECMWF and CMCC seasonal forecasts systems contributing to C3S
Final version of the software running operationally for the demonstration
Authors: Ripolles Luis
Published: November 2022

This report includes the description and the manuals (both at User and Administrator level) for the OSPAC service and its applications
Connections between "Extreme Marine Events" and Biological EOVs Report
Authors: Pereiro Diego
Published: November 2022

Identification of local and regional impacts of oxygen, heat and pH related “Extreme Marine Events”: Ocean model data products are overlaid with existing marine biological datasets to identify sensitive areas and organism vulnerabilities.
Skills of the user-relevant ocean indicators
Authors: McAdam Ronan
Published: November 2022

This document demonstrates the capability of seasonal forecasting systems to predict observable and user-relevant ocean climate indicators.
Lessons Learnt on Science-Policy Interfaces
Authors: Eparkhina Dina
Published: November 2022

This deliverable is intended to give an overview of the EuroSea actions at the interface between science and policy, ensuring the EuroSea results are useful for policy and decision-makers both at the EU, regional, and national levels.
Report on economic value of ocean observations
Authors: Reilly Kieran
Published: November 2022

This study sets out to assess the economic value of ocean observations in qualitative terms. The study aims to examine the perspective of selected co-developers and end users on the impact of the EuroSea Key Exploitable Results on them. While efforts were made to collect quantitative data on the economic impact of the results on the users, this report uses a focussed case study approach to qualitatively assess the value of the demonstration products and services for the co-developers and users. The report focusses on the main demonstration products and services with potential for commercialisation in EuroSea that were identified in the exploitation strategy.
Action Progress Report #2
Authors: Tanhua Toste , Köstner Nicole
Published: November 2022

Report about progress across all WPs and tasks during project month 15-30, going to be used by ISTAB for evaluation of project status and progress
Analiza konvergencijskog procesa na lokalnoj i regionalnoj razini u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Puljiz Jakša , Rukavina Ivana
Published: November 2022

Koristeći se podacima o osobnim dohocima u radu se analizira proces konvergencije na lokalnoj i županijskoj razini u Republici Hrvatskoj u razdoblju 2002. - 2018. pomoću koncepta sigma i beta konvergencije. Također, u radu se testira mobilnost lokalnih i županijskih jedinica u promatranom razdoblju korištenjem matrice prijelaznih vjerojatnosti temeljene na Markovljevom lancu. Rezultati provedenog istraživanja ukazuju na smanjenje dohodovnih nejednakosti na lokalnoj i županijskoj razini te na prisutnost apsolutne i uvjetne beta konvergencije. Daljnjom analizom utvrđeno je da konvergencija izrazito jača nakon 2014. godine. Rezultati matrice prijelaznih vjerojatnosti sugeriraju da se proces konvergencije odvija, prije svega, kroz promjene u srednjem dijelu distribucije teritorijalnih jedinica, što znači da najsiromašnije lokalne i županijske jedinice i dalje imaju vrlo male šanse za promjenu svojega relativnog položaja.
Immersive cultural tourism in the context of Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Marvin Igor , Šebo Damir , Glavaš Jerko
Published: November 2022

The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected tourism projections for 2020 and has temporarily halted the global tourism and travel industry. The economic impact on the global economy could have lasting consequences, with the temporary pandemic regime hitting tourism the hardest. The paper provides an overview of tourism perspectives during and after the COVID-19 crisis, with an emphasis on cultural tourism and related facilities (cultural heritage, cultural attractions). The paper also examines the possibilities of using technology in redefining cultural tourism and creating a new – immersive cultural tourism model. The purpose of this paper is to point out the changes that modern technologies, with an emphasis on some of the immersive technologies, has on the trends in cultural tourism. Methods of analysis and synthesis, survey method and descriptive method were used in the creation of the paper. The research proved a significant trend of increasing interest in the concepts of virtual tourism and immersive cultural tourism, particularly in the context of reduced travel opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The limitations of the research relate to the relatively small survey sample, lack of Generation Z respondents as digital natives, and accelerated technological changes, as well as new trends that are emerging due to technological advances. The scientific contribution is visible in the contribution to the discussion on the use of augmented reality technologies in cultural tourism and the promotion of cultural heritage. Also, the contribution is visible in setting up a conceptual model of immersive cultural tourism.
Effects of blended learning in comparison of traditional learning to provide safer learning environment: A comparative review
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad , Akhter Yasmeen
Published: November 2022

Learning strategies have shifted from conventional information to communication technology-based learning since the beginning of the twenty-first century. A study of published articles on blended and traditional learning strategies was done to emphasise the value and significance of both learning strategies and to investigate their efficacy in promoting a safer learning environment at different educational levels. Thirty-six (36) research articles from various disciplines published in Web of Science and Scopus databases were chosen for review. According to the review of research, blended learning was demonstrated to be a more successful learning approach than traditional learning strategy in the majority of studies. Twenty-five (25) studies found a statistically more significant benefit in blended learning strategy for academic success, critical and creative abilities, and a safer learning environment in diverse disciplines out of 36 published articles evaluated. Based on the findings of this study, it is strongly suggested that blended learning strategies be used to attain high academic and professional goals while also providing a safer learning environment in educational institutions and society.
Parents' perspectives on children's mental health during online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Putri Ari Rosita , Julia Julia
Published: November 2022

Online learning indirectly has an impact on children's mental health, whereas, in situations like this, learning activities are carried out face-to-face, which requires children to continue to deal with screens/monitors. This study aims to explore information on parents' views on children's mental health during online learning. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study design. The research participants were 10 parents of students who were in the Cirebon, Indramayu, and Majalengka areas with an age range of 25-42 years. The data collection technique used a survey in the form of an open-ended question. The results of data collection and analysis are presented in several themes. The results showed that parents saw that their children's mental health during the pandemic decreased slightly due to several factors such as unstable internet access, many school assignments, and staring at screens with laptops all day without doing other activities.
Policing a Society at War: Governmental Social Control in Regensburg before and during the Town War (1381–1389)
Authors: Kaar Alexandra
Published: November 2022

This study investigates how the council of the Free City of Regensburg reacted to and tried to cope with the challenges posed by the so-called Town War (1387–1389) to everyday life in a late medieval city. One hundred and forty-one ordinances (Ratsverordnungen) issued by the Regensburg council between 1381 and 1389 are surveyed, investigating how the councillors sought to regulate human interaction in a city threatened by war, how they tried to implement their regulatory measures and which means they used to encourage the urban population to comply with their precepts. Furthermore, the study explores the Town War’s effects on the council’s standing and authority, and elucidates the delicate political negotiations necessary to legitimize the surveyed regulations. Overall, the paper sheds light on the Town War as a crisis during which governmental social control accelerated, thus contributing to long-term processes of late medieval Herrschaftsverdichtung.
Cloth Merchants vs Weavers: Imposed Top-Down Solutions to a Permanent Dispute (based on examples from Polish cities and their East German analogues in the late Middle Ages)
Authors: Goliński Mateusz
Published: November 2022

From the second half of the thirteenth century, economic privileges of cloth merchants became almost a norm in the cities of Central Europe, including Poland. The same entrepreneurs constituted at the same time a group that exercised power in their cities. From the fourteenth century, the aspirations of local textile manufacturers became apparent, they demanding the right to free retail sales of their products. The resulting conflict with merchants was permanent. However, it was not connected with the demands of gaining access to power in the town, although at the same time the weavers were involved in struggles of a political nature. This state of affairs is the starting point for an examination of the characteristics of the course of the aforementioned conflict in Polish cities and a consideration of its possible causes.
Heated Tobacco Products and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Peer-Reviewed Publications
Authors: Zimlichman Reuven , Scotti Elena , Plebani Giuseppe , Barrell Amanda
Published: November 2022

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cigarette smoke contains toxicants that cross the alveolar barrier into the blood stream and elicit systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, which can lead to an abnormal lipid profile and affect normal vascular functions. These changes predispose smokers to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, leading to various types of CVDs, such as ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, and aortic aneurysm. While the best choice a smoker can make is to stop smoking altogether, unfortunately not all smokers make that choice. In recent years, alternative products to cigarettes have been developed to offer a better alternative to continuing to smoke. However, new products representing a better alternative must be scientifically substantiated to understand how they present less risk to users compared with cigarettes. This literature review summarises the results of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that, taken together, show the CVD risk reduction potential of switching from cigarette smoking to these smoke-free products.
Home?
Authors: Nic Shuibhne Niamh
Published: November 2022

This contribution to the theme of ‘Scotland and the Two Irelands’ focusses, autobiographically, on the possible meanings of home. Outlining the undoubted differences between Scotland and Ireland, the Scots and the Irish, it concludes that these differences really do not matter
Living in Brackets: Scotland and Ireland
Authors: Edwards Owen Dudley
Published: November 2022

This contribution to the theme of ‘Scotland and the Two Irelands’ considers some of the overlooked ironies of the common bonds between Scotland and Ireland. Ranging between literary and political figures over the last two centuries it concludes that our intertwined histories are stronger than the borders between us.
Influence of configuration and anchor in ligamentous augmentation to prevent proximal junctional kyphosis: A finite element study
Authors: Liu Wei , Zang Lei , Kang Nan , Yang Lihui , An Likun , Zhu Wenyi , Hai Yong
Published: November 2022

Ligament augmentation has been applied during spinal surgery to prevent proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), but the configuration and distal anchor strategies are diverse and inconsistent. The biomechanics of different ligament augmentation strategies are, therefore, unclear. We aimed to create a finite element model of the spine for segments T6–S1. Model Intact was the native form, and Model IF was instrumented with a pedicle screw from segments T10 to S1. The remaining models were based on Model IF, with ligament augmentation configurations as common (CM), chained (CH), common and chained (CHM); and distal anchors to the spinous process (SP), crosslink (CL), and pedicle screw (PS), creating SP-CH, PS-CHM, PS-CH, PS-CM, CL-CHM, CL-CH, and CL-CM models. The range of motion (ROM) and maximum stress on the intervertebral disc (IVD), PS, and interspinous and supraspinous ligaments (ISL/SSL) was measured. In the PS-CH model, the ROM for segments T9–T10 was 73% (of Model Intact). In the CL-CHM, CL-CH, CL-CM, PS-CM, and PS-CHM models, the ROM was 8%, 17%, 7%, 13%, and 30%, respectively. The PS-CH method had the highest maximum stress on IVD and ISL/SSL, at 80% and 72%, respectively. The crosslink was more preferable as the distal anchor. In the uppermost instrumented vertebrae (UIV) + 1/UIV segment, the CM was the most effective configuration. The PS-CH model had the highest flexion load on the UIV + 1/UIV segment and the CL-CM model provided the greatest reduction. The CL-CM model should be verified in a clinical trial. The influence of configuration and anchor in ligament augmentation is important for the choice of surgical strategy and improvement of technique.
“Listen to the science!”—The role of scientific knowledge for the Fridays for Future movement
Authors: Soßdorf Anna , Burgi Viktor
Published: November 2022

The Fridays for Future movement (FfF) has drawn a lot of public and academic attention in recent years. So far, studies investigated the organization, mobilization, and motives of the movement from different perspectives as well as the relevance of science for FfF. Mostly from an external point of view researchers looked at the types of science communication and its reception by the audience (i.e., framing theory). In this paper, we combine theories of science communication with the resource mobilization approach in social movement studies and thereby develop a theoretical framework for the analysis of the use of scientific knowledge by climate movements. We focus on the resource mobilization theory (RMT) and the notion of activists as alternative science communicators. RMT emphasizes the role of resources and organization to explain the success of social movements. Specifically, we regard legitimacy as a moral resource and analyze the importance of communication of climate scientific knowledge for FfF as a political movement. We argue that a climate movement like FfF relies on climate scientific knowledge which serves as a moral resource when climate activists refer to it to legitimate their claims. Empirically, we draw on a survey of more than 500 FfF activists in Germany, that was conducted as a mixed method study in 2020 and 2021. Our objective is to close a gap on the relevance of science for FfF activists from the inner perspective. Following the research question “How and why is scientific knowledge being used by FfF activists to mobilize people?” the findings indicate a rather strategic use of scientific knowledge as an end in itself within the movement. Unsurprisingly, we see that individual strategic use of scientific knowledge within the movement corresponds with the belief that FfF should include scientific knowledge in the general communication strategy of FfF. Moreover, our data show that activists overwhelmingly derive their goals from scientific knowledge and reject the idea that science could be used imprecisely just as an instrument to attain their goals. These learnings shed light on the question of whether science is used as a moral resource within climate movements like FfF.
The enigma of primary hypertension in childhood
Authors: Falkner Bonita
Published: November 2022

Beginning in the 1970s, hypertension in children and adolescents has been defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) that is equal to or greater than the 95th percentile of the normal BP distribution in healthy children. The definition of hypertension in adults is based on longitudinal data that links a BP level with an increased risk for subsequent adverse outcomes related to hypertension including heart failure, kidney failure, stroke, or death. The statistical definition of hypertension continues to be used in childhood because there have been no data that link a BP level in childhood with a heightened risk for adverse outcomes in adulthood. Findings from clinical and epidemiologic research have advanced understanding of high BP in childhood. While hypertension in some children can be secondary to underlying kidney, cardiovascular, or endocrine disorder, it is now known that primary (essential) hypertension can be present in childhood. The prevalence of hypertension in childhood is approximately 2–5% and another 13–18% of children and adolescents have elevated BP and are at heightened risk for developing hypertension. The leading cause of childhood hypertension is primary hypertension, especially in adolescents. For children and adolescents with secondary hypertension, the treatment can focus on managing the underlying cause of hypertension. Less is known about managing primary hypertension in childhood, including diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and possibilities for prevention. The phenotype of primary hypertension in childhood and recent findings will be discussed.