bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current position of chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate in the therapy of osteoarthritis
Authors: Stepchenko Marina A. , Meshcherina Natalia S. , Melnikova Kristina S. , Khardikova Elena M.
Published: May 2023

Osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that causes the development of permanent disability of the patient and is a significant social and economic burden on the health care system of developed countries. It should be noted that the current variability of approaches to the treatment of osteoarthritis is due to a number of factors, including differences in etiology, severity of course, and clinical symptomatology of the disease, which must be analyzed and taken into account when choosing therapy. The modern approach to therapy of osteoarthritis includes the use of symptomatic slow-acting drugs (SYSADOA). Objective: to review the literature data on the role of SYSADOA in the therapeutic arsenal of patients with osteoarthritis. Materials and methods. Literature review and analysis was conducted by keyword using electronic resources of PubMed, MedLine databases in the period from 2010 to 2023. Results. The analysis of the studies conducted to date on the establishment, validity and feasibility of the group of symptomatic slow-acting drugs in the therapy of OA to control the progression of the disease showed the presence of very controversial and debatable provisions, which is associated with a diverse range of available glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate drugs. The greatest evidence base and efficacy are found in prescription preparations of crystalline glucosamine sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Conclusion. The use of SYSADOA requires further study, including randomized placebo-controlled trials using modern joint imaging techniques.
Literature review: pharmacological effects of vitamin D in the body to enhance athletic performance
Authors: Sarkisyan Narine G. , Gaisina Elena F. , Dobrinskaya Mariya N. , Shmakova Milana A. , Astryukhina Polina I. , Goskov Artyom S.
Published: May 2023

Studies (domestic and foreign) on the effect of vitamin D on muscle strength, muscle recovery rate, maximum oxygen consumption and prevention of skeletal muscle injury reduction have been analyzed. At the same time it was found that athletes are susceptible to hypovitaminosis no less often than standard population groups due to higher physical loads. It is unequivocally possible to say that vitamin D supplementation improves the physical fitness of athletes and can correct their condition in the autumn-spring period. Objective: an analysis of literature data based on the significance of the pharmacological effects of vitamin D in the functioning of the musculoskeletal system of the body and its role of improving athletic performance. Material and methods. The Pubmed/MEDLINE digital scientific library was chosen as the main source of information. Additionally, the search included the repositories of open access preprints from eLIBRARY.RU for 2016-2022. Key words for the search query were "vitamin D," "calcitriol," "sports," and "athletes." The results of the study are reported taking into account PRISMA recommendations. Results. Duration and quality of insolation directly affect vitamin D levels. Additional sun exposure combined with the use of vitamin D preparations contributes to the elimination of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to decreased intranuclear VDR concentrations and decreased VDR gene expression, which contributes to myopathy following atrophy of type IIA muscle fibers. Additional enrichment of special electrolyte solutions with water-soluble vitamin D is reasonable. Conclusion. Continuous monitoring of the concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of athletes is an integral part in the development of recommendations for improving health and sports performance in training and competitive regimes. Individual correction of vitamin D should be carried out in accordance with changes in its level in each athlete.
Promoting safe and inclusive water and sanitation services for students with physical disabilities in primary schools: a concept mapping study in Ghana
Authors: Azupogo Urbanus Wedaaba , Dassah Ebenezer , Bisung Elijah
Published: May 2023

Improving water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in schools is crucial to providing inclusive environments for all children to thrive. Particularly for children with disabilities, the school environment can serve as a barrier to their access to and use of WASH facilities. This paper examines strategies and programs needed to promote safe and inclusive WASH services for students with physical disabilities in primary schools in Ghana. We recruited 22 stakeholders from the Upper West Region of Ghana to complete an online concept mapping exercise. Participants identified eight themes for promoting safe and inclusive access to WASH services for students with physical disabilities. These themes included ‘building special schools,’ ‘guidance services,’ ‘ensuring non-discrimination and fair treatment,’ ‘additional programs for PWDs,’ ‘local government interventions,’ ‘public sensitization,’ ‘teacher training,’ and ‘supervision.’ These findings can assist stakeholders in identifying strategies and prioritising programs in the short run to improve WASH among students with physical disabilities.
Spatiotemporal distribution and pollution assessment of trace metals in the Buriganga River, Bangladesh
Authors: Bashar Md. Khadimull , Noro Kazushi , Wang Qi , Tokumura Masahiro , Mori Ikuko , Raknuzzaman Mohammad , Hossain Anwar , Amagai Takashi
Published: May 2023

The Buriganga River plays a key role in the socioeconomic structure of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. However, this river is severely polluted and is considered one of the most polluted in the world. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the concentrations of various metals in the Buriganga River. A study was conducted from August 2019 to February 2020 to determine the concentrations of 16 metals in water samples (n = 210) collected from 10 distinct sites in the Buriganga River. The mean values for the concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, and Pb in river water were above the guideline values prescribed by the WHO, Japan, and Bangladesh. Moreover, the fraction ratios of Be, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, and Pb were high (>0.85); consequently, these metals could accumulate at high concentrations in river sediments. Assessment using the single-factor pollution index allowed the classification of the pollution level as ‘serious pollution’ for Sb and ‘heavy pollution’ for Cd, Ni, and Pb. The trace metal concentrations in this river imply that crops cultivated along the river using river water may also be contaminated with trace metals.
TERI advanced oxidation technology (TADOX®) for treatment and rejuvenation of open drains and surface water bodies: making habitats sustainable
Authors: Bahadur Nupur , Bhargava Nipun , Sarkar Shyamal Kumar , Dhawan Vibha
Published: May 2023

Open drains contain sewage waste and find route to surface water bodies mainly due to the absence of dedicated conveyance of wastewater to centralized wastewater treatment facilities. This poses severe environmental, public health and occupational health hazard and there is an urgent need for onsite treatment of open drains. TADOX® (TERI Advanced Oxidation Technology) from TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi) is an advanced approach treat drains using photocatalysis as an advanced oxidation process. This paper presents a case study of an open drain, which when treated with TADOX® Technology, improved water quality parameters meeting the regulatory norms. The untreated open drain did not meet Class E of the Water Quality Criteria laid down by the regulatory body, and attained Class A Water Quality Criteria after end-to-end treatment within 5 h. TADOX® treatment resulted in the removal of 63.5% chemical oxygen demand, 99% biochemical oxygen demand, 96% phosphate, 61% nitrogen, 3 log reduction in E. coli and 4 log reduction in total coliform values with a doubling in dissolved oxygen levels. Micropollutant load reduction of 93.5% in acetaminophen, 96% in sulfamethoxazole, 96% in ibuprofen and 89% in caffeine was also recorded in the study.
Mechanotherapeutic approaches to manipulate sperm indices: novel ultrasonic methods for treating asthenospermia and potentials for male contraception
Authors: Khussein Abobakr Mohamed Abbakar -
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the fact that sperm motility is a significant predictor of male fertility potential and is directly linked to fertilization success in both natural and some forms of assisted reproduction.
Apocalypse According to the Literary Vision of Michael D. O’Brien
Authors: Ołdakowska-Kuflowa Mirosława
Published: May 2023

The article focuses on Michael D. O’Brien’s novel trilogy consisting of Father Elijah: An Apocalypse, Sophia House and Elijah in Jerusalem, inspired by the biblical books, particularly the Book of Revelation. The analytical-interpretive and comparative method applied in the article reveal the scope and purpose of parallelism used by the author in relation to biblical characters, events and situations. This parallelism has been introduced in contemporary novels set in the twentieth century, especially at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Biblical references, plots, allusions and, above all, the biblical vision of the world and humans become a gauge that allows diagnosing modern reality and the rapid changes that occur in it. The recognition and full understanding of ideas included in the work are possible only after reading the biblical content inscribed in the novel. It forms the basis of the assessment of a model of the world in which spiritual reality permeates the visible realm, with a simultaneous occurrence of psychomachy. From this perspective, the warning that the writer addresses to his contemporaries becomes apparent.
Associations between the Use of Metformin and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Patients with Alzheimer´s Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus – A Register-based Study
Authors: Kullenberg Helena , Wibom Moa , Kumlin Maria , Nyström Thomas , Svedberg Marie M.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Metformin, the first-line anti-diabetic drug treatment in patients with type 2
diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is suggested to be anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and improve cognitive
function, making it a promising contribution to treating Alzheimer´s disease (AD). However, the effect
of metformin on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in patients with AD has
not been explored.

Objective:

To investigate the associations between metformin and BPSD in patients with AD and
T2DM and explore possible interaction with other antidiabetic drugs.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was based on data from the Swedish BPSD register. A total of
3745 patients with AD and antidiabetic drug treatment were included. Associations and interactions
between antidiabetic drugs and BPSD were investigated by binary logistic regression.

Results:

The use of metformin was associated with lower odds for symptoms of depression (OR 0.77,
CI (95%) 0.61-0.96, p = 0.022) and anxiety (OR 0.74, CI (95%) 0.58-0.94, p = 0.015) after adjustment
for age, gender, specific diagnosis, and drugs. We could not demonstrate this association with another
antidiabetic drug. Interaction effects were limited to an increasing association in eating and appetite
disorders using metformin and other antidiabetic drugs (i.e., drugs other than insulin, sulfonylurea, or
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors).

Conclusion:

The result of this study suggests that metformin could be beneficial for patients diagnosed
with AD, other than for blood glucose control. Although, more knowledge is needed before assigning
metformin a role in treating BPSD.
How the ownership structure and firm size effect on intellectual capital disclosure?
Authors: Paramita Putu Winda Agastya , Mimba Ni Putu Sri Harta , Gayatri Gayatri , Wirajaya I Gde Ary
Published: May 2023

This study aims to identify, analyze and obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of ownership structure consisting of managerial ownership, institutional ownership and foreign ownership as well as firm size on intellectual capital disclosure before and during COVID-19. In addition, this study also tests whether there are differences in intellectual capital disclosures made before and during Covid-19. The sample in this study were banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2021 which were divided into two groups, namely before COVID-19 and during COVID-19. This study adopts the ICD In model from Ulum (2015) which has been modified by adding several items that are in accordance with applicable regulations in Indonesia. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression and paired sample t-test for different tests using evies 12 student version software. The results of the study show that prior to COVID-19 managerial ownership, institutional ownership and foreign ownership had no effect on intellectual capital disclosure. Firm size had a positive effect on intellectual capital disclosure before COVID-19. During COVID-19, managerial ownership had a negative effect, institutional ownership had a negative effect and foreign ownership had no effect on intellectual capital disclosure.
Studi Penambahan Ekstrak Daun Randu (Ceiba pentandra) Pada Edible Coating Gel Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera L.) Terhadap Mutu Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors:   Universitas Andalas, Ifmalinda Ifmalinda , Fahmy Khandra ,   Universitas Andalas, Zein Nurdianti Lutfiah ,   Universitas Andalas
Published: May 2023

Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan golongan suku labu-labuan (Cucurbitaceae) dan termasuk ke dalam jenis sayuran tipe buah yang dikonsumsi segar paling banyak oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Mentimun juga memiliki sifat yang mudah rusak (perishable) setelah panen, sehingga perlu dilakukan penanganan pasca panen dengan memberikan pelapisan seperti edible coating. Pelapis yang digunakan yaitu edible coating dari gel lidah buaya dengan penambahan ekstrak daun randu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai pengaruh penambahan ekstrak daun randu pada edible coating gel lidah buaya terhadap mutu mentimun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial yang terdiri dari faktor suhu (ruang dan dingin 10 °C) dan faktor penambahan konsentrasi ekstrak daun randu (5, 7, dan 9%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mentimun yang dilapisi konsentrasi ekstrak daun randu yang ditambahkan pada edible coating gel lidah buaya mampu mempertahankan mutu mentimun. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun randu 9% pada suhu dingin merupakan perlakuan terbaik yang mampu mempertahankan mutu mentimun lebih lama yaitu selama 14 hari dan tanpa pemberian ekstrak daun randu di suhu dingin yaitu selama 8 hari. Nilai pengamatan yang diperoleh pada perlakuan terbaik yaitu susut bobot sebesar 3.781%, kadar air sebesar 85.223%, kekerasan sebesar 39.891 N/cm2, total padatan terlarut sebesar 3.13 Brix, mikroba sebesar 1.23,E+07, dan chilling injury sebesar 0.057%.
MINIPOPULUS
Authors: Oliveira Wagner Vinícius de
Published: May 2023

esse artigo investiga as possibilidades conciliatórias entre as perspectivas teóricas do Estado administrativo e ao mesmo tempo participativo. O ponto de vista com qual se compromete busca sustentar não apenas a possibilidade, mas a necessidade de conciliação entre a descentralização administrativa do Estado brasileiro e as participações da sociedade civil nesse ambiente. Deparam-se, no entanto, com algumas dificuldades normativas e institucionais. Por meio da investigação bibliográfica em materiais especializados nacionais e estrangeiros realiza-se uma análise exploratória dos conceitos e das teorias para subsidiar a aplicação prática pretendida. Com isso, oferece-se uma contribuição inicial para os percalços da política pública regulatória do transporte rodoviário de cargas. Desse modo, estruturam-se as análises em três tópicos, sendo os dois primeiros teórico-exploratórios sobre o Estado administrativo e as participações sociais, respectivamente; e um terceiro, destinado a aplicação prática. Assim, deparam-se com algumas dificuldades operativas e institucionais que restringem os espaços participativos, fato que permite concluir pela procedência parcial da hipótese inicialmente apresentada.
COMPREENDENDO A FRAGILIDADE INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Bitencourt Nóbrega Flavianne Fernanda , Silvestre Teixeira Aída Carolina
Published: May 2023

Essa resenha foi elaborada com objetivo de analisar a obra Understanding institutional weakness: power and design in Latin American Institutions, publicada em 2019 e organizada pelos autores Daniel Brinks, Steven Levitsky e Maria Murillo, a partir da perspectiva neoinstitucional para o Direito, que compreende instituições como “regras do jogo”. A análise se debruça sobre o potencial da contribuição metodológica das tipologias elaboradas pelos autores para se compreender as fragilidades institucionais em experiências da América Latina, como fruto de uma estratégia política, que repercutem na forma como o direito é implementado de facto.
Effect of Display Polarity on Amplitude of Accommodation and Visual Fatigue
Authors: Muhamad Nurulain , Moktaeffendi Nurul Hanna , Azni Nur Syuhadah
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to assess the changes in the amplitude of accommodation under different display polarities and ascertain the effect of display polarities on visual fatigue. Thirty subjects randomly underwent a reading task for 30 minutes with both positive and negative display polarities. The amplitude of accommodation was measured, and subjects were required to complete a subjective symptoms questionnaire; both before and after the reading task. The amplitude of accommodation and visual fatigue symptoms were significantly reduced after the reading task, with both display polarities.
Supporting Adolescent Engagement with Artificial Intelligence–Driven Digital Health Behavior Change Interventions
Authors: Giovanelli Alison , Rowe Jonathan , Taylor Madelynn , Berna Mark , Tebb Kathleen P , Penilla Carlos , Pugatch Marianne , Lester James , Ozer Elizabeth M
Published: May 2023

Understanding and optimizing adolescent-specific engagement with behavior change interventions will open doors for providers to promote healthy changes in an age group that is simultaneously difficult to engage and especially important to affect. For digital interventions, there is untapped potential in combining the vastness of process-level data with the analytical power of artificial intelligence (AI) to understand not only how adolescents engage but also how to improve upon interventions with the goal of increasing engagement and, ultimately, efficacy. Rooted in the example of the INSPIRE narrative-centered digital health behavior change intervention (DHBCI) for adolescent risky behaviors around alcohol use, we propose a framework for harnessing AI to accomplish 4 goals that are pertinent to health care providers and software developers alike: measurement of adolescent engagement, modeling of adolescent engagement, optimization of current interventions, and generation of novel interventions. Operationalization of this framework with youths must be situated in the ethical use of this technology, and we have outlined the potential pitfalls of AI with particular attention to privacy concerns for adolescents. Given how recently AI advances have opened up these possibilities in this field, the opportunities for further investigation are plenty.
Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wu Yiwen , Li Xin , Zhou Yuxin , Gao Rui , Wang Kaifeng , Ye Huiling , Lyu Na , Wang Chun , Zhang Ning , Wang Zhen , Fan Qing
Published: May 2023

Background

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and chronic mental illness with a high rate of disability. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) makes online treatment available to patients and has been shown to be effective. However, 3-arm trials on ICBT, face-to-face cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT), and only medication are still lacking.

Objective

This study is a randomized, controlled, assessor-blinded trial of 3 groups for OCD: ICBT combined with medication, CBGT combined with medication, and conventional medical treatment (ie, treatment as usual [TAU]). The study aims to investigate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of ICBT related to CBGT and TAU for adults with OCD in China.

Methods

In total, 99 patients with OCD were selected and randomly assigned to the ICBT, CBGT, and TAU groups for treatment for 6 weeks. The primary outcomes were the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and the self-rating Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (FOCI), compared at baseline, during treatment (3 weeks), and after treatment (6 weeks), to analyze efficacy. The secondary outcome was the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS) scores of the EuroQol 5D Questionnaire (EQ-5D). The cost questionnaires were recorded to analyze cost-effectiveness.

Results

Repeated-measures ANOVA was used for data analysis, and the final effective sample size was 93 (ICBT: n=32, 34.4%; CBGT: n=28, 30.1%; TAU: n=33, 35.5%). After 6-week treatment, the YBOCS scores of the 3 groups significantly decreased (P<.001), and there were no significant differences among groups. The FOCI score of the ICBT (P=.001) and CBGT (P=.035) groups was significantly lower than that of the TAU group after treatment. The total cost of the CBGT group (renminbi [RMB] 6678.45, 95% CI 4460.88-8896.01 [US $1010.36, 95% CI 678.87-1345.84]) was significantly higher than that of the ICBT group (RMB 3308.81, 95% CI 2476.89-4140.73[US $500.58, 95% CI 374.72-626.43], P<.001) and the TAU group (RMB 2259.61, 95% CI 2074.16-2445.05 [US $341.85, 95% CI 313.79-369.90], P<.001) after treatment. The ICBT group spent RMB 303.19 (US $45.97) less than the CBGT group and RMB 11.57 (US $1.75) less than the TAU group for each unit reduction in the YBOCS score.

Conclusions

Therapist-guided ICBT combined with medication is as effective as face-to-face CBGT combined with medication for OCD. ICBT combined with medication is more cost-effective than CBGT combined with medication and conventional medical treatment. It is expected to become an efficacious and economic alternative for adults with OCD when face-to-face CBGT is not available.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900023840; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=39294
Factors Associated With Limited Cancer Health Literacy Among Chinese People: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Shan Yi , Ji Meng , Xing Zhaoquan , Dong Zhaogang
Published: May 2023

Background

Limited cancer health literacy may be attributed to various factors. Although these factors play decisive roles in identifying individuals with limited cancer health literacy, they have not been sufficiently investigated, especially in China. There is a pressing need to ascertain the factors that effectively identify Chinese people with poor cancer health literacy.

Objective

This study aimed to identify the factor associated with limited cancer health literacy among Chinese people based on the 6-Item Cancer Health Literacy Test (CHLT-6).

Methods

We first categorized Chinese study participants according to the answers provided for cancer health literacy as follows: people who provided ≤3 correct answers were labeled as having limited cancer health literacy, whereas those who provided between 4 and 6 correct answers were labeled as having adequate cancer health literacy. We then adopted logistic regression to analyze the factors that were closely related to limited cancer health literacy among at-risk study participants.

Results

The logistic regression analysis identified the following factors that effectively predicted limited cancer health literacy: (1) male gender, (2) low education attainment, (3) age, (4) high levels of self-assessed general disease knowledge, (5) low levels of digital health literacy, (6) limited communicative health literacy, (7) low general health numeracy, and (8) high levels of mistrust in health authorities.

Conclusions

Using regression analysis, we successfully identified 8 factors that could be used as predictors of limited cancer health literacy among Chinese populations. These findings have important clinical implications for supporting Chinese people with limited cancer health literacy through the development of more targeted health educational programs and resources that better align with their actual skill levels.
The National Coordinated Citrien eHealth Program to Scale Up Telemonitoring: Protocol for a Before-and-After Evaluation Study
Authors: Gijsbers Harm , Nurmohamed Azam , van de Belt Tom H , Schijven Marlies ,   The Citrien 2 Project Leaders and Steering Group
Published: May 2023

Background

Sustainable implementation of telemonitoring in health care is challenging, especially if one aims to scale up telemonitoring initiatives nationwide. The National collaborative eHealth program in the Netherlands is supporting the nationwide upscaling of telemonitoring in 3 clinical domains by implementing telemonitoring in all Dutch university medical centers (UMCs). The chosen telemonitoring concepts are (1) telemonitoring solutions in the domain of cardiology, (2) telemonitoring solutions providing care from a distance in obstetrics, and (3) telemonitoring solutions monitoring vital functions in hospital wards.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the upscaling of telemonitoring in Dutch university hospitals in order to gain a better knowledge of the process, methods, and outcomes of nationwide upscaling strategies. Our hypothesis is that by the completion of the Citrien program’s scale-up, telemonitoring will be operational in all UMCs but not normalized in routine care.

Methods

A before-and-after study will be conducted to assess upscaling. The theoretical frameworks used are the framework for nonadoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability; the Normalization Process Theory; and a project management tool Project Canvas. The primary outcome of the study is the degree of normalization to which health care providers at UMCs consider telemonitoring a part of their routine practice, measured using the Normalization MeAsurement Development tool (NoMAD). Our secondary outcome is the uptake of telemonitoring at the Dutch UMCs, using management data from UMCs’ business intelligence systems query.

Results

Data will be collected between May 2020 and December 2022. Results were retrieved in June 2023. UMCs’ business intelligence systems are queried for data for the secondary outcome measures. There is a risk that the UMCs will not be able to provide this management information. The laws and regulations governing telemonitoring in the Netherlands are changing, with the Electronic Data Exchange in Health Care Act (Wet elektronische gegevensuitwisseling in de zorg) and the European Health Data Space Act expected to positively influence implementation and upscaling.

Conclusions

The Citrien program is a nationally coordinated change management program that is scaling up telemonitoring across contexts and settings. This study will produce original data on the uptake and upscaling of telemonitoring at Dutch UMCs. Future initiatives to implement eHealth in the health care sector may be guided by the wide range of success factors, obstacles, and experiences collected through this program. The network itself may be of great value impacting future acceleration of eHealth initiatives.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/45201
Global Misinformation Spillovers in the Vaccination Debate Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Multilingual Twitter Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lenti Jacopo , Mejova Yelena , Kalimeri Kyriaki , Panisson André , Paolotti Daniela , Tizzani Michele , Starnini Michele
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Antivaccination views pervade online social media, fueling distrust in scientific expertise and increasing the number of vaccine-hesitant individuals. Although previous studies focused on specific countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought the vaccination discourse worldwide, underpinning the need to tackle low-credible information flows on a global scale to design effective countermeasures.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to quantify cross-border misinformation flows among users exposed to antivaccination (no-vax) content and the effects of content moderation on vaccine-related misinformation.

METHODS

We collected 316 million vaccine-related Twitter (Twitter, Inc) messages in 18 languages from October 2019 to March 2021. We geolocated users in 28 different countries and reconstructed a retweet network and cosharing network for each country. We identified communities of users exposed to no-vax content by detecting communities in the retweet network via hierarchical clustering and manual annotation. We collected a list of low-credibility domains and quantified the interactions and misinformation flows among no-vax communities of different countries.

RESULTS

The findings showed that during the pandemic, no-vax communities became more central in the country-specific debates and their cross-border connections strengthened, revealing a global Twitter antivaccination network. US users are central in this network, whereas Russian users also became net exporters of misinformation during vaccination rollout. Interestingly, we found that Twitter’s content moderation efforts, in particular the suspension of users following the January 6 US Capitol attack, had a worldwide impact in reducing the spread of misinformation about vaccines.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings may help public health institutions and social media platforms mitigate the spread of health-related, low-credibility information by revealing vulnerable web-based communities.
A Review Paper on Horn Antenna Using SIW Technology
Authors: Tripathi Tanmay , Pandey Aryan , Yadav Nakul , Paliwal Ruchi
Published: May 2023

Abstract: In this paper, we review, Micro-strip patch antenna and Substrate Integrated Waveguide Technology (SIW). Horn Antennas have become attractive due to their inherent feature of being one of the solutions to many requirements associated with high-frequency bands. This paper presents a comparative study of different horn antennas, their operating frequencies, associated parameters and applications in terms of frequency bands also using the SIW technique, the construction of planar horn antenna is studied at K band and X band frequencies.
Deep Learning based Text Abstraction
Authors: Chougule Mr. Sumit , Dudhabale Mr. Priyansh , Havaldar Mr. Tejas
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Text abstraction based on deep learning has proven to be a promising method for the task of extracting large amounts of text while preserving the most important information. This article provides an overview of text abstraction based on deep learning, highlighting various techniques and applications in this field. This article reviews the existing literature on text abstraction based on deep learning, focusing on various methods such as sentence compression, text summarization, and paraphrase, and compares their advantages and disadvantages. The article also describes various deep learning techniques used in the field, including neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and convolution of neural networks. In addition, this article presents studies on the effectiveness of deep learning-based text in a variety of applications, including journalism, finance, health, and education. The article discusses the challenges faced by the field, such as resolving ambiguity and ensuring consistency and readability in produced texts. Finally, this article discusses future directions and potential areas for further research in deep learning-based text abstraction. This questionnaire is useful for researchers and practitioners interested in text abstraction and applications based on deep learning. The article also explores the ethical implications of deep learning-based reading, particularly with regard to issues such as prejudice and privacy. The benefits of this technology must be weighed against the risks, and it is important to ensure that deep learning-based text is created and used responsibly
Identification of Network Vulnerabilities through IISRA Framework
Authors: Dixit Keerti
Published: May 2023

Abstract: As the globe transitions to complicated networks and as we move towards digitization, its worth is rising daily. Working in an organization across a network and the internet creates vulnerabilities. As is well known, data is a crucial component of every organization and must be safeguarded from threats. The attackers' job is to try and take advantage of the networks by using these weaknesses. When organizations use the Internet, intranets, and related technologies more frequently, system security becomes one of the key considerations. Network security protects computer systems from unauthorized threats and breaches, which lowers the likelihood that confidential information may be stolen. The organization will feel more secure if these vulnerabilities are closed up in the systems and network well in advance of an attack. The availability of numerous technologies for network vulnerability assessment enables organizations to thwart potential attacks. In this research paper, we have developed an Integrated Information Security Risk Assessment (IISRA) Framework for identification of Network Vulnerabilities. We have implemented this IISRA Framework on real computing environment of an organization.
Solar Power Enabled Smart Car
Authors: Rathod Komal S
Published: May 2023

Abstract: An overview of introducing renewable energy sources in the fast-paced world for various uses In today's fast-paced world, the use of cars and other automobile vehicles is compulsory for public and goods transport. This has made the safety of cars, the car drivers, and car owners a major concern in traffic jams on cities and roads. Especially on nights when near and dear ones are waiting for you at home, To ensure the safety of cars with actual location tracking, one can be at peace of mind with the deployment of this innovative design.
Mental Health Status of UPSC CSE Aspirants: A Survey-Based Study
Authors: Shandilya Gaurav Kumar
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) conducts one of the most challenging and competitive exams in India. Preparing for the UPSC exam requires immense hard work, dedication, and perseverance, which often puts a significant amount of stress on the aspirants' mental health. In this study, we conducted an online survey to assess the mental health status of UPSC aspirants. The survey was conducted on 203 participants, who were either preparing for the UPSC exam or had attempted it multiple times. The survey included questions on their attempts, coaching institutes, physical and mental health, emotional problems, sleep hours, and preparation status. The results indicate that while the majority of the participants rated their physical health as good, their mental health status was somewhat poor or poor. A significant number of participants reported facing emotional problems, feeling low or down, and sleep disturbances. The study highlights the need for mental health support for UPSC aspirants, including counselling services and awareness programs.
Social Quotient and Social Desirability among Young Adults
Authors: Thattil Daniel Mathew , Rose Prof. Shruthi
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender differences and relationship between social quotient and how people present themselves in social situations i.e., social desirability. The research study consisted of 25 males and 75 female participants. The participants were asked to complete the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS) and the Measuring Social Intelligence-The MESI Methodology (MESI) scale. The factors of Social Quotient (Empathy, Manipulation, and Social Irritability) were analysed with Social Desirability. The data was analysed using IMB SPSS for Correlation, Simple Linear Regression and Independent Sample t-test. The results showed that there is a weak negative relationship between Manipulation and Social Irritability with Social desirability. Empathy has a positive influence on Social Desirability while Manipulation, and Social Irritability have a negative influence. There was no significant difference in gender between male and female for Social Desirability however in Social Quotient for manipulation, males had a higher score in comparison to females.
Thermophysical Properties and Heat Transfer Performance in Nanofluids: A Comprehensive Review and CFD Analysis
Authors: Goyal Mayank
Published: May 2023

Abstract: This study offers a thorough analysis of the thermophysical characteristics and heat transfer performance in nanofluids using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Nine different nanofluids are studied with a heat flow of 5000 W/࢓૛ . The study looks at the differences between nanofluids and water in terms of density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity. The findings reveal increased densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities in nanofluids, providing fresh insights on these improvements. Their greater heat transfer ability, as seen by higher outlet temperatures and better thermal energy exchange, is confirmed by the CFD study. The research advances knowledge of nanofluids' potential for use in diverse heat transfer systems.
O direito à saúde mental dos trabalhadores brasileiros no contexto de precarização pós-reforma de 2017
Authors: Santos Analu Paim dos , Martini Sandra Regina
Published: May 2023

A presente pesquisa se dará por meio de uma análise detida ao direito à saúde, com especial atenção ao direito à saúde mental dos trabalhadores brasileiros, e será realizada sob o enfoque da meta teoria do direito fraterno, de Eligio Resta. Sendo o direito à saúde um direito humano reconhecido por diversos diplomas internacionais e tendo sido incorporado ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro com status de direito fundamental, tem-se que este é um direito garantido a todos, indistintamente. Ocorre que a previsão normativa de um direito não garante sua efetividade, o que desvela o paradoxo de que algumas pessoas possuem mais direitos que outras. Além disso, o sistema neoliberal vigente tem cuidado de estabelecer um número cada vez maior de adoecimentos mentais entre os trabalhadores, além de garantir a progressiva retirada de direitos trabalhistas, tudo com o intuito de privilegiar o capital em detrimento da pessoa humana. Nesse contexto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa é identificar se, e em que medida, a Reforma Trabalhista, em vigor desde novembro de 2017, impactou no direito à saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Tal investigação mostra-se oportuna em razão do crescente número de incidência de doenças mentais ao redor do mundo, do que não escapa o Brasil.
Chafing behaviour from two carcharhinid shark species Carcharhinus falciformis and C. galapagensis on whale sharks Rhincodon typus
Authors: Pancaldi Francesca , Becerril-García Edgar Mauricio , Higuera-Rivas Jesús Erick
Published: May 2023

This report provides observations regarding chafing interactions from two carcharhinid species, the silky shark, Carcharhinus falciformis and the Galapagos shark, C. galapagensis, on whale sharks, Rhincodon typus, in the Revillagigedo National Park, Mexico. Four events were observed between 2013 and 2019 by means of SCUBA diving and drone aerial surveys. These interactions appeared to be casual and triggered by the large dimensions and slow swimming speed of the whale sharks.
Quem está assistindo? Um experimento com o algoritmo da Netflix e resultados gráficos a partir de temáticas de gêneros de animes
Authors: Campos Pellanda Eduardo , De Barros Taís , Brito Julia
Published: May 2023

Através da metodologia de engenharia reversa desenvolvida no Ubilab (Laboratório de Pesquisa em Mobilidade e Convergência Midiática da Escola de Comunicação, Artes e Design – Famecos/PUCRS), buscou-se compreender de que forma o algoritmo da plataforma de streaming Netflix se comporta diante da simulação de perfis consumidores do gênero de animes de diferentes temáticas. O presente artigo foi desenvolvido de forma exploratória, sendo realizado um experimento na plataforma e descrevendo como o algoritmo da Netflix estabeleceu a curadoria de conteúdo para diferentes usuários. Constatou-se que há uma contínua tentativa de aprendizagem por parte do algoritmo na busca de estabelecer fluxos de consumo com o assinante e, nesse processo, o algoritmo parece buscar compreender a que gênero pertence o usuário, sugerindo, dessa forma capas diferentes para os mesmos títulos, de acordo com o que ele considera que o usuário terá mais afinidade.
Nostalgia juvenilizada: modos de produção no streaming e vitalidade em franquias transmídia
Authors: Almeida Souza Ana Carolina , Dias Emmanuelle
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, investigamos como os serviços de streaming de vídeos configuram em suas produções relações de nostalgia e juvenilização. Fundamentamo-nos na noção de nostalgia de consumo (CROSS, 2001) e de youthification (HAGEDOORN; EICHNER; GUTIÉRREZ LOZANO, 2021; SUNDET; 2021) para sugerir a emergência de uma nostalgia juvenilizada a partir da reabertura de franquias transmídia por serviços de streaming. Selecionamos as séries O Mundo Sombrio de Sabrina (Netflix) e A Casa da Raven (Disney) para discutir peculiaridades sobre modos de produção de nostalgia juvenilizada instaurados por ambas as produções. Argumentamos que a transmidialidade favorece a vitalidade desses produtos e a promoção dos serviços de streaming de emergentes, como a Netflix.
Understanding the Dynamics of Village Economic Activities and Development in a Developing Country: A Case Study in Java Island, Indonesia
Authors: Adi Saputra Putu Mahardika
Published: May 2023

Indonesia as a country with very diverse regional typologies needs to pay attention to the effect of typological differences on the relationship between village administration human resources, village economic activities, and village development. This study examines the relationship between village administration human resources and village economic activities with village development in five provinces located on the island of Java, namely Banten, Special Region of Yogyakarta, West Java, Central Java, and East Java. Using the 2019 Village Potential Data (PODES), a descriptive statistical analysis was carried out for around twenty-two thousand recorded villages. In general, this study shows that in terms of IDM status, East Java province has the highest success in village development as indicated by the highest number of independent villages and developed villages compared to other provinces. Several other core variables, such as village administration human resources, village economic activities, and village development have unique performances in each of the analyzed provinces.
Botulinum toxin type A impairs spinal control of movement following its axonal transport and transcytosis
Authors: Šoštarić Petra , Matić Magdalena , Vađunec Dalia , Vasic Zeljka Lucev , Cifrek Mario , Pirazzini Marco , Matak Ivica
Published: May 2023

Background and purpose: Recent preclinical studies suggest that
botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) reduces abnormal muscle tone following
its traffic to second order spinal synapses. However, possible
consequences of such actions on spinal neuromotor control that
coordinates skilled movement have not been characterized. Therefore, we
studied the central effect of BoNT-A on different motor functions and
coordination in rats. Experimental approach: The lower limb motor pools
were targeted by BoNT-A injection into both sciatic nerves (2 U per
nerve) in combination with blockage of spinal transcytosis by
intrathecal BoNT-A-specific antitoxin (5 iu). Motor effects on balance,
fatigue, swimming, gait and digit abduction were followed up to day 56
post BoNT-A. Afterwards, the rats’ gastrocnemius was injected with
tetanus toxin (TeNT) to evoke muscle spasm and exaggerated monosynaptic
reflex. Immunodetection of BoNT-A-cleaved synaptosomal-associated
protein 25 was performed in muscles and spinal cord at day 78 post
BoNT-A. Key results: After sciatic injection, BoNT-A was anterogradely
and retrogradely transported to muscle and spinal cord. Combined
peripheral and central trans-synaptic BoNT-A action induced more
pronounced deficits of examined motor functions vs its isolated
peripheral action. Centrally mediated alleviation of TeNT-evoked muscle
spasm was not accompanied by changes in monosynaptic reflex
excitability. Conclusions and implications: Present results suggest that
BoNT-A trans-synaptic actions in motor system involves spinal premotor
circuits participating in normal locomotion and involuntary muscle
spasm. This proposes the need for investigation of non-canonical modes
and sites of toxin action on neuromotor control to fully understand its
therapeutically desirable effect in movement disorders.
A full length SSU rRNA-based workflow for high resolution monitoring of nematode communities reveals direct and indirect responses to plant-based manipulations
Authors: Himbeeck Robbert van , Cazzaniga Sara , Elsen Sven van den , Vrielink Job Oude , Aslan Semih Karst , Visser Johnny , Helder Johannes
Published: May 2023

Agricultural intensification has resulted in a decline of soil
biodiversity, and concerns about the deterioration of the biological
condition of soils prompted the development of measures to restore soil
life. Due to the overwhelming biodiversity of soils, evaluation of such
measures is not straightforward, and proxies are used to assess soil
health. Because of their trophic diversity, high abundance, and
relatively well-characterized ecologies, nematodes are often used as
soil health indicators. However, the scarcity of informative
morphological characters hampers the upscaling of this proxy. Here we
present a community analysis approach that uses nanopore sequencing to
generate full-length sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNAs (SSU
rDNA). Cover cropping is a common agricultural practice that stimulates
soil life, and we mapped the effects of ten cover crop treatments on
nematode communities in a field experiment. These analyses included the
monitoring of a high impact plant-parasite, Meloidogyne chitwoodi. In
total 132 nematode samples were analysed, and 65 nematode taxa were
detected, mostly at species level, including representatives of all
trophic groups. As a validation, all samples were analysed
microscopically for M. chitwoodi, and comparison of count and DNA read
data revealed highly similar results. Treatments did not only affect
plant-parasitic nematodes, but also free-living nematodes in a cover
crop-specific manner. Free-living nematodes from the same trophic group,
and even congeneric species, responded differentially to plant-mediated
manipulations of the soil microbiome. Hence, nanopore-based SSU rDNA
sequencing could facilitate a substantial refinement of the use of
nematodes as indicators for soil health.