bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
contribuições da Linguística de Corpus e do Processamento de Linguagem Natural na elaboração do protótipo do Dicionário Ideológico de Locuções
Authors: Da Cruz Thyago José
Published: September 2022

Neste trabalho, buscamos demonstrar como recursos e ferramentas da Linguística de Corpus e do Processamento da Linguagem Natural puderam ser empregados na elaboração do protótipo do Dicionário Ideológico de Locuções, de caráter monolíngue e, ao mesmo tempo, onomasiológico e semasiológico. Esse tipo de repertório fraseográfico compõe-se de três grandes seções no corpo do dicionário: a parte sinóptico-analógica, a analógica (correspondendo ambas à parte onomasiológica da obra) e a alfabética (de característica semasiológica). No desenvolver desse projeto, utilizamos como corpora o Corpus Brasileiro e a Web. Como ferramenta para a elaboração do corpo do dicionário, empregamos o software FieldWorks Language Explore, o FLEx. Ao final, foi possível verificar que esses instrumentos computacionais foram de fundamental relevância para a realização do propósito da pesquisa.
Modelação da valência verbal numa gramática computacional do português no formalismo HPSG
Authors: Alencar Leonel Figueiredo de , Rademaker Alexandre
Published: September 2022

A HPSG é uma teoria gramatical lexicalista que propõe a formalização em paralelo das estruturas morfossintáticas e semânticas. Este trabalho descreve a implementação computacional de valências verbais numa nova gramática do português nesse formalismo. Essa gramática é relevante não somente para aplicações de compreensão textual, mas representa também uma contribuição à documentação formal das estruturas da língua, destacando-se pelo tratamento das construções de controle e alçamento. A gramática tem sido implementada incrementalmente por meio da sua aplicação a conjuntos de teste cada vez mais abrangentes. Com 278 entradas e um total de 215 lemas, o léxico verbal ainda é pequeno. No entanto, a hierarquia de tipos proposta modela as propriedades de 118 classes valenciais, das quais 57 são tipos que codificam classes de verbos. A gramática analisa 94% de um total de 581 sentenças gramaticais, apresentando, ao mesmo tempo, baixa hipergeração em um conjunto de 167 exemplos agramaticais.
PFN-PT
Authors: Bick Eckhard
Published: September 2022

This article presents PFN-PT, a robust system for the automatic semantic annotation of Portuguese, consisting of a new, parsing-oriented framenet and a rule-based frame- and role-tagger. The framenet provides almost 13,000 valency frames covering 7,300 verb lemmas with 10,700 senses. Frame and role tagging is achieved by iterated matching of syntactic structures and semantic noun types with slot-filler conditions in the framenet. We discuss design principles and present frame and role statistics. In an evaluation run on news data, the system achieved an overall F-score of 92.2% for frame senses.
The Effect of Leverage, Firm Size, Profitability, and Liquidity on Hedging Decisions
Authors: Heri Purwanto  , Putra Rosyid Nur Anggara
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of leverage, firm size, profitability, and liquidity on hedging decisions of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX)
Methodology: The sample in this study are 22 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2014 to 2019. This research uses the logistic regression analysis technique.
Findings: The results show that the variable leverage, firm size, and profitability have a positive effect and are significant on hedging decisions, while the liquidity variable has no effect on hedging decisions.
Novelty: This study continues previous research by using a different population, adding independent variables, and using the manufacturing sector.
 
Keywords: Leverage, Firm Size, Profitability, Liquidity, Hedging
Neo-liberalisme: Epistemologi, Dampak, dan Solusi Islam
Authors: Hajam Hajam
Published: September 2022

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Budaya Neo-Liberalisme: Konsumsi Dan Transformasi Inderawi (Sebuah Agenda Riset Etnografi Inderawi)
Authors: Fauzanafi Muhammad Zamzam
Published: September 2022

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Peran Kapabilitas Koordinasi dan Boundary-Spanner untuk Menguatkan Daya Saing Nasional di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Hakim Luqman
Published: September 2022

Kompetisi yang merupakan simbol globalisasi pada abad ke-21 menjadi tanpa batasmengakibatkan mobilitas modal, barang, dan jasa, manusia, dan informasi bebas keluar masuksuatu negara. Banyak literatur yang menjelaskan bahwa ekonomi suatu negara dapat bertahandan tumbuh sangat ditentukan oleh tingkat daya saing dan keunggulan bersaing yang dimiliki.Semakin tinggi derajat ranah persaingan negara dengan negara lainnya, maka semakin pentingdaya saing menjadi prediktor siapa yang akan memenangkan kompetisi. Tanpa kehadirankompetisi, daya saing akan kehilangan makna pentingnya. Bagaimana ekonomi nasional dapatdan mampu membangun basis keunggulan bersaing sangatlah menentukan bagi kinerjaekonominya. Teori institusi juga menekankan pentingnya peran kelembagaan untuk menciptakankeunggulan daya saing dan interaksi antar lembaga. Efesien dan tidaknya suatu sistem akansangat tergantung pada kualitas kelembagaan yang mengatur sistem ekonomi tersebut (Powelldan DiMaggio, 1991). Kualitas kelembagaan yang mendukung daya saing akan tercermin darikualitas kebijakan dan pelayanan publik. Selain itu, struktur daya saing yang kokoh hanya dapatdibangun melalui seberapa berkualitas koordinasi kelembagaan yang mengatur sistem ekonomi.Peran pemimpin di tiap kelembagaan sebagai boundary spanner menjadi sentral untuk menjagakualitas peran, fungsi dan kewenanangan untuk mengembangkan jaringan kebijakan atau proses produksi yang efesien. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan rumah dalam transformasikelembagaan sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengakselerasi daya saing nasional.Kata kunci: Globalisasi, Daya Saing, Boundary Spanner
The course of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected people with COVID-19
Authors: Raznatovska O. M. , Myronchuk Yu. V. , Shalmin O. S. , Fedorets A. V.
Published: September 2022

Aim. To analyze the course of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in HIV-infected people, depending on the time to COVID-19 diagnosis, using the example of clinical cases from our own observation.
Materials and methods. The article presents 3 clinical cases of our own observation of MDR-TB in HIV-infected persons depending on the time to COVID-19 diagnosis in patients, who were treated in the Pulmonary Tuberculosis Department No. 2, clinical base of the Department of Tuberculosis and Pulmonology ZSMU – Municipal non-profit enterprise “Zaporizhzhia Regional Phthisiopulmonology Clinical Medical and Diagnostic Center” of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council.
Results. In clinical case 1, in an HIV-infected patient, MDR TB was detected after COVID-19. This clinical case has shown that after mild and treated COVID-19, even on the background of severe immunosuppression, but with AMBT and ART timely prescribed, MDR-TB in the patient had a favorable course with positive dynamics. In clinical case 2, in an HIV-infected patient, MDR-TB was detected concomitantly with COVID-19. The clinical case indicated that the patient received all 3 therapies for MDR-TB, HIV and COVID-19 in full and on time. In contrast to clinical case 1, the patient was diagnosed with a more severe process that required a longer period of treatment, although it was effective. In clinical case 3, an HIV-infected patient with COVID-19 was diagnosed after 5 months of MDR-TB treatment. Against this background, there was culture positivity. But after prescription of appropriate COVID-19 treatment against the background of AMBT and ART, positive dynamics and culture negativity were determined. All 3 patients completed antimycobacterial therapy of MDR-TB with results – recovery.
Conclusions. Regardless of the HIV infection duration with underlying severe immunosuppression (<200 CD4 lymphocyte cells) and the time to COVID-19 diagnosis (before, during or after the diagnosis of MDR-TB) on the background of timely therapy of MDR-TB, HIV and COVID-19, positive results can be achieved while saving the lives of patients.
A Multidimensional Framework of Collaborative Groups’ Disciplinary Engagement
Authors: Rogat Toni Kempler , Hmelo-Silver Cindy E. , Cheng Britte Haugan , Traynor Anne , Adeoye Temitope F. , Gomoll Andrea , Downing Brenda K
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research is aimed at developing novel theory to advance innovative methods for examining how collaborative groups progress toward productively engaging during classroom activity that integrates disciplinary practices. This work draws on a situative perspective, along with prior framings of individual engagement, to conceptualize engagement as a shared and multidimensional phenomenon. A multidimensional conceptualization affords the study of distinct engagement dimensions, as well as the interrelationships of engagement dimensions that together are productive. Development and exploration of an observational rubric evaluating collaborative group disciplinary engagement (GDE) is presented, leveraging the benefits of observational methods with a rubric specifying quality ratings, enabling the potential for analyses of larger samples more efficiently than prior approaches, but with similar ability to richly characterize the shared and multidimensional nature of group engagement. Mixed-methods analyses, including case illustrations and profile analysis, showcase the synergistic interrelations among engagement dimensions constituting GDE. The rubric effectively captured engagement features that could be identified via intensive video analysis, while affording the evaluation of broader claims about group engagement patterns. Application of the rubric across curricular contexts, and within and between lessons across a curricular unit, will enable comparative studies that can inform theory about collaborative engagement, as well as instructional design and practice.
The R&D Investment Decision Game with Product Differentiation
Authors: Buccella Domenico , Fanti Luciano , Gori Luca
Published: September 2022

This article extends the cost-reducing R&D model with spillovers by d’Aspremont and Jacquemin (1988. “Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in Duopoly with Spillovers.” The American Economic Review 78: 1133–7, 1990. “Cooperative and Noncooperative R&D in Duopoly with Spillovers: Erratum.” The American Economic Review 80: 641–2) to allow quantity-setting firms (Cournot rivalry) to play the non-cooperative R&D investment decision game with horizontal product differentiation. Unlike Bacchiega, Lambertini, and Mantovani (2010. “R&D-hindering Collusion.” The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 10 (Topics): 66), who identify a parametric region (defined by the extent of technological spillovers and the efficiency of R&D activity), in which the game is a prisoner’s dilemma (self-interest and mutual benefit of cost-reducing innovation conflict), this work shows that product differentiation changes the game into a deadlock (self-interest and mutual benefit do not conflict), regardless of the parameter scale (i.e. also in the absence of spill-over effects). Then investing in R&D challenges the improvement of interventions aimed at favouring product differentiation. This is because social welfare when firms invest in cost-reducing R&D is greater than when firms do not invest in R&D. Alternatively, R&D subsidies can be used as a social welfare maximising tool also in the absence of R&D spillovers. These results also hold for price-setting firms (Bertrand rivalry).
The structural underpinnings of multifunctionality and syncretism in non-finite forms in Irish
Authors: Bloch-Trojnar Maria
Published: September 2022

The paper proposes a constructionist analysis of two highly syncretic non-finite forms in Irish, traditionally referred to as the verbal noun (VN) and the verbal adjective (VA). The VN can fulfil the function of the infinitive, the ‘present participle’ in the periphrastic progressive, the argument supporting (AS) nominal and the R(eferential)-nominal. The VA can function as the passive participle in periphrastic passives/resultatives, the ‘passive’ adjective, the active participle (showing further syncretism with the genitive of VN) and the ‘active’ adjective. The basic idea is that the two syncretic forms receive a unified analysis (i.e. same structure). The VN is viewed as a kind of “elsewhere” realization of [vP[Root]] in all contexts except for [Tfin[VoiceP [vP [Root]]]]. VA spell-out is implemented when the morphosyntactic bundle carries no features that positively define the input as verbal or nominal. The height of affix attachment is indicative of the type of participle involved. Verbal passive/perfective participles and corresponding adjectives embed the external argument introducing projection (VoiceP), whereas active verbal participles and adjectives lack it. The extensive multifunctionality and syncretism in Irish seem to be closely linked to the lack of the AspP layer in the structure of non-finite verbs, nominals and adjectives as well as the lack of overt transitivizing morphology.
Experimental study and modeling of denitrification in an MBBR reactor
Authors: Bouteraa Meriem , Zamouche-Zerdazi Rania , Bahita Mohamed , Bencheikh-lehocine Mossaab
Published: September 2022

A denitrification mathematical model was used to describe the nitrates and organic carbons use by the denitrify biomass in the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR). The model integrates the diffusive mass transfer mechanism as well as double substrates Monod kinetics. Preliminary experiments were realized in order to assess the operating conditions for growth of attached biomass, the determination of the optimal (COD/NO3-N) ratio, moreover the results of the previous study of the residence time distribution in this MBBR established the optimal hydrodynamic operating conditions with a dead volume of 22%. In this reactor, seeded with a mixed liquor from a purification station, kaldnesk1 were used as carriers. A total of 6 kinetic and stoichiometric constants under anoxic conditions were determined by batch-test pulsed respirometry; some parametric have been determined experimentally, such as YHD, YNO,

μ
ˆ

HD

${\widehat{\mu }}_{\text{HD}}$

and KS, and with their values 0.4 mgCOD (mgCOD)−1, 0.6 mg COD (mgCOD)−1,0.864 d−1 and 12.48 mg COD L −1, respectively. The other constants were determined using the model fitting (using MATLAB), such as KNO3 and bHD with its values, 0.25 mg NO3-N. L−1 and 0.061 d−1, respectively. The model was used to simulated different operating condition and the results included the concentration profiles of NO3-N, COD and XBH, which showed good agreement with the experimental ones, mainly by using the effective volume determined experimentally in the hydrodynamic study (RTD test) and which can reach 62% of the total volume under some operating. Additionally, these findings demonstrate that moving bed reactor characterization may be accomplished using in situ pulsed respirometry (MBBR).
Morphological Khoisan influence in the Southern African Bantu language Yeyi
Authors: Gunnink Hilde
Published: September 2022

Language contact with Khoisan languages has resulted in the adoption of click phonemes in certain southern African Bantu languages. Contact-induced changes outside the phonological domain, however, are less commonly recognized. This paper provides a first ever analysis of morphological influence from Khoisan languages in Yeyi, a Bantu language spoken in Botswana and Namibia. Firstly, Yeyi has a set of lexical verbs that take an obligatory prefixi-orra-, and both these prefixes and many of the verbs on which they occur are of Khoisan origin. Secondly, Yeyi has four verbal derivational suffixes that have been copied from Khoisan languages. The description of these contact-induced changes in Yeyi shows that contact with Khoisan languages, especially those of the Khoe family, involved extensive bilingualism. Dialectal difference in Yeyi furthermore suggests that Khoisan contact was more intense in Botswana than in Namibia. As some linguistic changes appear to derive from Khoisan languages that are not spoken in the vicinity of Yeyi, the language contact situation in which they arose was quite different from the one that occurs today.
Physical Mathematical Modeling and Simulation Based on Hyperbolic Heat Transfer for High Heating Rate Processes in Biomass Pyrolysis
Authors: Chejne Farid , Florez Whady F. , Maya Juan C. , Ordonez-Loza Javier , Garcia-Perez Manuel
Published: September 2022

This paper explores the hyperbolic heat transfer effects in processes involving high heating rates. The behavior of the model is analyzed in detail under different boundary conditions and the circumstances under which a non-Fourier law could be used to describe thermal conduction processes established from physical mathematical analysis. Finally, the model developed here is coupled to a previous population balance framework to predict the bubbling phenomenon that occurs during the fast pyrolysis of biomass. We found that a transient overheating occurs in the central zone of the generated liquid phase due to the high heating rates that take place during that process.
Neural correlates of multisensory integration in the human brain: an ALE meta-analysis
Authors: Scheliga Sebastian , Kellermann Thilo , Lampert Angelika , Rolke Roman , Spehr Marc , Habel Ute
Published: September 2022

Previous fMRI research identified superior temporal sulcus as central integration area for audiovisual stimuli. However, less is known about a general multisensory integration network across senses. Therefore, we conducted activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis with multiple sensory modalities to identify a common brain network. We included 49 studies covering all Aristotelian senses i.e., auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, and olfactory stimuli. Analysis revealed significant activation in bilateral superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, thalamus, right insula, and left inferior frontal gyrus. We assume these regions to be part of a general multisensory integration network comprising different functional roles. Here, thalamus operate as first subcortical relay projecting sensory information to higher cortical integration centers in superior temporal gyrus/sulcus while conflict-processing brain regions as insula and inferior frontal gyrus facilitate integration of incongruent information. We additionally performed meta-analytic connectivity modelling and found each brain region showed co-activations within the identified multisensory integration network. Therefore, by including multiple sensory modalities in our meta-analysis the results may provide evidence for a common brain network that supports different functional roles for multisensory integration.
Democracia e verdade
Authors: Felipe Miguel Luis
Published: September 2022

No contexto da chamada “pós-verdade”, a discussão sobre a relação entre verdade e política volta a se impor como prioritária. E, enquadrada pelo reconhecimento, hoje quase universal, de que a democracia é a única forma válida de legitimação da dominação, ela se apresenta na forma de uma discussão sobre verdade e democracia. A questão é como compatibilizar o princípio da soberania popular com a aparente degradação do nível médio da consciência do público, numa situação em que, dado o crescente domínio da humanidade sobre o mundo natural, o impacto das decisões públicas pode ser sentido por todo o planeta. O texto parte da célebre discussão de Hannah Arendt sobre verdade e política e passa pelas observações de Maquiavel sobre o papel da mentira nas disputas pelo poder, sempre tendo em vista o cenário presente. Na breve conclusão, são apresentados alguns dos dilemas para uma ação democrática e progressista.
µ-Opioid Receptor Activation Reduces Glutamate Release in the PreBötzinger Complex in Organotypic Slice Cultures
Authors: Jørgensen Anders B. , Rasmussen Camilla Mai , Rekling Jens C.
Published: September 2022

The inspiratory rhythm generator, located in the brainstem preBötzinger complex (preBötC), is dependent on glutamatergic signaling and is affected profoundly by opioids. Here, we used organotypic slice cultures of the newborn mouse brainstem of either sex in combination with genetically encoded sensors for Ca2+, glutamate, and GABA to visualize Ca2+, glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling during spontaneous rhythm and in the presence of DAMGO. During spontaneous rhythm, the glutamate sensor SF-iGluSnFR.A184S revealed punctate synapse-like fluorescent signals along dendrites and somas in the preBötC with decay times that were prolonged by the glutamate uptake blocker (TFB-TBOA). The GABA sensor iGABASnFR showed a more diffuse fluorescent signal during spontaneous rhythm. Rhythmic Ca2+- and glutamate transients had an inverse relationship between the spontaneous burst frequency and the burst amplitude of the Ca2+and glutamate signals. A similar inverse relationship was observed when bath applied DAMGO reduced spontaneous burst frequency and increased the burst amplitude of Ca2+, glutamate, and GABA transient signals. However, a hypoxic challenge reduced both burst frequency and Ca2+transient amplitude. Using a cocktail that blocked glutamatergic, GABAergic, and glycinergic transmission to indirectly measure the release of glutamate/GABA in response to an electrical stimulus, we found that DAMGO reduces the release of glutamate in the preBötC but has no effect on GABA release. This suggest that the opioid mediated slowing of respiratory rhythm involves presynaptic reduction of glutamate release, which would impact the ability of the network to engage in recurrent excitation, and may result in the opioid-induced slowing of inspiratory rhythm.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOpioids slow down breathing rhythm by affecting neurons in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC) and other brainstem regions. Here, we used cultured slices of the preBötC to better understand this effect by optically recording Ca2+, glutamate, and GABA transients during preBötC activity. Spontaneous rhythm showed an inverse relationship between burst frequency and burst amplitude in the Ca2+and glutamate signals. Application of the opioid DAMGO slowed the rhythm, with a concomitant increase in Ca2+, glutamate, and GABA signals. When rhythm was blocked pharmacologically, DAMGO reduced the presynaptic release of glutamate, but not GABA. These data suggest the mechanism of action of opioids involves presynaptic reduction of glutamate release, which may play an important role in the opioid-induced slowing of inspiratory rhythm.
Severe type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission using a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD)
Authors: Correa Livia Lugarinho , Medeiros de Sousa Priscila Alves , Dinis Leticia , Carloto Luana Barboza , Nuñez-Garcia Maitane , Sajoux Ignacio , Senhorini Sidney
Published: September 2022

There is a close association between obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The value of weight loss in the management of patients with T2D has long been known. Loss of 15% or more of body weight can have a disease-modifying effect in people with diabetes inducing remission in a large proportion of patients. Very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets (VLCKDs) have been proposed as an appealing nutritional strategy for obesity management. The diet was shown to result in significant weight loss in the short, intermediate, and long terms and improvement in body composition parameters as well as glycemic and lipid profiles. The reported case is a 35-year-old man with obesity, dyslipidemia, and T2D for 5 years. Despite the use of five antidiabetic medications, including insulin, HbA1c was 10.1%. A VLCKD through a commercial multidisciplinary weight loss program (PnK method) was prescribed and all medications were discontinued. The method is based on high-biological-value protein preparations and has 5 steps, the first 3 steps (active stage) consist of a VLCKD (600–800 kcal/d) that is low in carbohydrates (<50 g daily from vegetables) and lipids. The amount of proteins ranged between 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg of ideal body weight. After only 3 months, the patient lost 20 kg with weight normalization and diabetes remission, and after 2 years of follow-up, the patient remained without the pathologies. Due to the rapid and significant weight loss, VLCKD emerges as a useful tool in T2D remission in patients with obesity.

Learning points

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are conditions that share key pathophysiological mechanisms.

Loss of 15% or more of body weight can have a disease-modifying effect in people with T2D inducing remission in a large proportion of patients.

Diabetes remission should be defined as a return of HbA1c to <6.5% and which persists for at least 3 months in the absence of usual glucose-lowering pharmacotherapy.

The very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a nutritional approach that has significant beneficial effects on anthropometric and metabolic parameters.

Due to the rapid and significant weight loss, VLCKD emerges as a useful tool in T2D remission in patients with obesity.
TÜRKİYE’NİN HUKUKİ NAKİL TECRÜBESİ VE TÜRK TİPİ BAŞKANLIK SİSTEMİ
Authors: METE Muhammet Derviş
Published: September 2022

So far, much ink has been spilled about presidential system that Turkey has recently adopted. Yet, there is limited study on Turkey’s legal transplantation journey. Turkey constitutes an interesting case study as it has gone through a voluntary and comprehensive transplant experience from the beginning of the country's foundation. Recently, it has held three constitutional referendums which took place in 2007, 2010, and 2017 to turn its parliamentary system into a presidential one. By doing so, it employed an eclectic method, meaning that it aimed to accumulate the strongest aspects and elements of both parliamentary and presidential models in the hands of the President. In this study, first the general characteristics of the original presidential system will be discussed. Then, the features of ‘Turkish-style-presidential-system’ will be examined. This is followed by a detailed analysis of current transplant’s influences on Turkey’s law. Finally, whether and to what extent this new system fits into the original model will be explored.
Una aproximación crítica a la idea de extensión universitaria
Authors: González-Álvarez Laura , Láscarez-Smith Daniel
Published: September 2022

This article is a reflection based on years of extension experience in different regions such as the Gulf of Nicoya, the Caribbean Coast and Nueva Cinchona, among others. These work experiences constitute the basis for the analysis of the extension practices, as well as, the theoretical assumptions involved in them, witch in some cases we considered that they must be overcome and studied from critical perspectives. Of course, it’s not about the moral imperatives, or if the problem of the extension practices are seen external to our own experiences; it is rather the opposite; the dialectical tensions that are part of the own university and the structural-historical conditions (economic, cultural, political) of the most vulnerable communities that interfere in the conception of university extension, which meaning has been static to changes, emergent phenomena and current problems. This conception does not respond to a clear idea of social transformation since the theoretical content that supports it is unreal and irrational, nevertheless it has been presented to us as logical and rational. Therefore, this content belongs to a scientific and cultural modernity that also affects the University. The purpose is to build possibilities of factual transformation, from a revision of various myths that modernity has created to the analysis of the role of the extension of the public University as player or debunker of certain concepts.
Una educación basada en contextos reales
Authors: Rosabal-Vitoria Satya , Castro-Vargas Oscar , Arguedas-Ramírez Ana
Published: September 2022

This article describes the experience generated in the extension project “Models of Educational Management in Schools”, assigned to the Division de Educación para el Trabajo, CIDE-Universidad Nacional. Particularly the implementation of this project is at the Educational Region of Heredia, between 2011 and 2013, with the participation of 14 public schools at preschool and elementary level. During the development of this experience, we worked with different actors of the educational community in various educational institutions in building their pedagogical models based on the recognition of the characteristics of the context in which it is located each; creating opportunities for the integration of school dynamics in a common front and by performing groups diagnostic to establish institutional mechanisms for self-improvement. The process developed to implement the project was developed in three stages, during which actions as were made: the selection of schools needs assessment, awareness of the teams, the participatory development, implementation and monitoring and sustainability. When the process is achieved, each participating school count with a differentiated curriculum that responds to the particularities of context. Thus the region of Heredia, is strengthened in its educational processes by improving, strengthening and renewal of the curriculum.
Programa de Desarrollo Integral Comunitario Costero: Período 2009-2013
Authors: Rojas-Herrera Silvia , Juárez-Matute Óscar , Boza Viviana
Published: September 2022

The Integral Development Program of Coastal Communities (PDICC), implemented between 2005 and 2013, responds to a historical process since year 2000; forms part of university programs known as integrated , which are constituted by extension, research, instruction and production processes The main objective is to improve the quality of life and empowering diverse communities located in Lepanto, Isla Venado, Isla Caballo, and Cabuya districts, all of them in the province of Puntarenas, Costa Rica. Applying social participatory methods, the researchers brought together academic centers, public institutions, Regional Chorotega Head Quarter, non-governmental organizations, private enterprises, social and civil organizations, and national and international universities to facilitate the accomplishment of the communities’ participative work plans. Furthermore, the PDICC was enhanced as a horizontal knowledge formation model, consolidating interdisciplinary, intergenerational, and participatory teams. During these years, the relationship between the faculty and the extended network was improved by systematically connecting students from multiple professional disciplines, as well as strengthening the relationship between research, faculty, and the extended network, thus enhancing the communities’ decision-making.
Sistema para el arte y la identidad en Mesoamérica y el Caribe (SAVIA) del programa ICAT
Authors: Gerner Vera
Published: September 2022

In its research projects, the Program for Cultural Identity, Art and Technology (ICAT) always has worked closely with artists, communities, public and private institutions and national and international organizations. In these processes, we observed that the diverse entities and actors approach art in very different ways, generating proposals for creative exploration and research that are different, but at the same time-share issues and develop complementary methodologies. Despite this compatibility, there is little exchange beyond the borders of specific professions or fields of study, and spaces as forums, social networks and calls for papers or projects, that are crated in order to promote the exchange, tend to segregate art in categories that make it difficult to think beyond these bordures. It was because of this concern that the ICAT program decided to create the SAVIA project. SAVIA is a platform that seeks to encourage the exchange of materials, experiences and initiatives concerning the exploration, documentation and research of art and regional cultural identity, transcending the boundaries of specific occupations or fields of study. This encouragement is made through the development of shared documentation projects, an on-line platform, a system for the management of audiovisual material and activities aimed at creating a network of mutual support.
Materia orgánica particulada y mineralogía de un Andisol bajo labranza y barbecho
Authors: Ramírez Pisco Ramiro , Leiva Rojas Edna Ivonne , Restrepo Yépez Ronny Fernell
Published: September 2022

La zona hortícola colombiana del oriente Antioqueño se encuentra en laderas donde se ha perdido gran parte de la capacidad productiva de sus suelos debido a la labranza continua. El objetivo de la investigación es determinar los cambios en contenido de la materia orgánica particulada (MOP) y en la mineralogía de un Andisol, en seis condiciones de manejo del suelo, en Marinilla (Antioquia, Colombia). Bajo el diseño en parcelas divididas, se realiza el muestreo de suelo (tres repeticiones por tratamiento) en parcelas con suelo virgen (SV), con 5, 10 y 20 años de labranza convencional (LC) y en parcelas con 5 y 10 años de barbecho (B). En cada una de las situaciones se muestrea con barreno hasta 0,2 m de profundidad. En cada muestra se cuantifica la MOP, se realizan análisis químicos (pH, Mg, K, P, S) y físicos (porosidad total, densidad aparente y diámetro medio ponderado en húmedo (DMPh)). La MOP fue sensible a los procesos de LC, disminuyendo en un 35 % y 75 % después de 5 y 10 años, respectivamente, en relación con el SV. El barbecho durante 5 años incrementó en forma significativa la MOP respecto de los suelos de LC.  La MOP y DMPh presentaron una relación logarítmica (R2 = 0,80) que sugiere la influencia de la MOP en la estabilización de los agregados y en la fertilidad física del suelo. La dinámica de la MO con los óxidos amorfos de Fe y Al afectaron en corto tiempo la mineralogía de la fracción de arcilla debido al manejo del suelo.
EVALUATION OF THREE LIGNOCELLULOSE BIOMASS MATERIALS (BARLEY HUSK, CORN COBS, AGAVE LEAVES) AS PRECURSORS OF ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: PRIETO GARCÍA FRANCISCO , CANALES-FLORES ROBERTO A. , PRIEO-MÉNDEZ JUDITH , ACEVEDO-SANDOVAL OTILIO A. , OTAZO-SÁNCHEZ ELENA M.
Published: September 2022

Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising alternative and renewable energy source that can be transformed into other value-added products such as activated carbon. The objective was to evaluate the barley husk (Hordeum vulgare L.), the corn cobs (Zea Mays L.) and the agave leaves (Agave salmiana) as potential precursors of activated carbon. These precursors were obtained from Almoloya and Apan in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. The raw materials were washed with distilled water, dried at 105 ºC for 72 h in an oven, ground in a blade mill to obtain a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm and finally sieved through mesh sieves of 18 and 45. Humidity was determined according to ASTM D3173 (ASTM, 1996), ash according to ASTM D3174 (ASTM, 2000), volatile matter according to ASTM D3175 (ASTM, 1997), fixed carbon according to ASTM D3172 (ASTM, 1997), total sugars and fats according to TAPPI T204 (TAPPI, 1997), Klason Lignin according to TAPPI T222 (TAPPI,   1998), holocellulose according to the method described by (Wise et al., 1946), and (, ( and ( cellulose according to TAPPI T203 (TAPPI 1999). The results show that contents from 82 to 83% for holocellulose, from 52 to 79% for cellulose, and from 15 to 26% for lignin, were determined. Elemental analysis showed high carbon contents with values of 42-45%. Particle sizes between 390.9 mm and 610.7 mm were found. Thermogravimetric analysis showed similar profiles of thermal decomposition, being cellulose the main stage, with peaks around 300 °C. Regarding the surface morphology, the lignocellulosic residues showed fibrous and porous structure. From these findings, it is established that the precursors analyzed can be considered as potential precursors of activated carbons. The results presented here may facilitate improvements in the pyrolysis and activation areas of this lignocellulosic residues. The conditions for an acceptable yield of biochar were tested, these were: carbonization temperature of 400 °C, carbonization time of 30 min, precursor mass of 2-10 g and N2 flow rate of 150 cc/min. The biocarbons produced under these conditions were physically and chemically characterized. Biochar yields of 19.75% were obtained for corn cob (CCB), 32.88% for barley husk (BHB) and 31.14% for Agave salmiana leaves (ALB). Biocarbons with a predominantly macroporous structure, amorphous structure, numerous oxygen functional groups, anionic surface and moderate ash content were obtained. The results of this investigation show that barley husk, corn cob, and agave leaves are likely precursors for biochar production with good dye adsorption capacities.
¿Tiene influencia el sustrato sobre la germinación de Cinchona pubescens Vahl. (Rubiaceae)?
Authors: Fernandez-Zarate Franklin Hitler , Huaccha-Castillo Annick Estefany , Quiñones-Huatangari Lenin , Sanchez-Santillan Tito
Published: September 2022

Cinchona pubescens es una especie icónica de Perú ya que fue usada como único tratamiento efectivo contra la malaria por más de tres siglos. Esta especie está amenazada por diversas actividades antropogénicas y su propagación está supeditada a la dispersión de semillas cuyo poder de germinación es bajo, por ende, es necesario conservarla y propagarla. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del sustrato sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. Se aplicó un diseño completamente aleatorio con cinco tratamientos según el tipo de sustrato T1 (25% tierra de bosque+75% arena), T2 (50% tierra de bosque+50% arena), T3 (75% tierra de bosque+25% arena), T4 (100% Tierra de bosque) y T5 (100% arena), la tierra de bosque fue extraída de zonas donde C. pubescens está presente de forma natural. En los tratamientos se utilizaron tres réplicas y 100 semillas por cada réplica. La germinación de C. pubescens inició 12 días después de la siembra hasta el día 42. El T4 tuvo un mejor efecto sobre el índice (14,23±0,41), tiempo (24,18±0,69) y porcentaje de germinación (88,3±2,88%); seguido por los tratamientos T3 y T2. Mientras que el T5 fue el tratamiento con menor efecto sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. El estudio indicó que el tipo de sustrato empleado influye significativamente en la germinación de las semillas de C. pubescens, por lo que se sugiere emplear el sustrato procedente de bosque natural sin combinación para alcanzar índices altos de germinación y propagar esta especie.
Aggressiviness in boys and girls: evaluations made by mothers
Authors: De Araújo Fernanda Ribeiro , De Oliveira-Monteiro Nancy Ramacciotti
Published: September 2022

Aggressiveness can be defined as any form of behavior intended to hurt a living being. It can be characterized as direct aggression, more common in boys’ behavior, and hostile aggression, more often practiced by girls. Objective: to describe and compare the frequency of direct aggressive behavior in children, considering: gender, age, family economic class and parenting styles. Method: 47 mothers of boys and girls were investigated, who responded to the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18, the Parenting Style Inventory and to the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Results: no differences were found in the manifestation of aggressiveness in the studied variables and a weak negative correlation was found between parenting style and aggressiveness. Conclusions: to understand the development and maintenance of aggressive behaviors in childhood, interactions between environmental, biological, social, cultural, family and historical factors should be considered. The role of father figure, not assessed in this study, during development, is discussed.
Jenseits der Migrantologie: Aktuelle Herausforderungen und neue Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
Authors: Shinozaki Kyoko
Published: September 2022

Die Migrationsforschung hat sich lange hauptsächlich damit befasst, aus der Perspektive der Mehrheitsgesellschaften Migrant*innen aus unterschiedlichen Herkunftsgesellschaften zu beforschen. Diese Ansätze sind inzwischen als "Migrantologie" in Kritik geraten. Insbesondere wird beanstandet, dass sie Migrant*innen in ihrem Herkunftsland verorten und nicht in dem Land, in dem sie leben. Damit schreiben sie nationale Grenzen fort, die gerade aufgrund der gesellschaftlichen Realität von grenzüberschreitender Mobilität und Migration als überkommen gelten müssen. Gleichzeitig wurden in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten neue Ansätze entworfen, die Migration zum Ausgangspunkt nehmen, um globale Ungleichheit und nationale Grenzziehungen gegenüber Migrant*innen zu thematisieren. In dieser neuen Forschungstradition steht auch der vorliegende Band. Dessen Ziel ist dabei weniger, den vielen Neuansätzen, die in den vergangenen Jahren in der Migrationsforschung entstanden sind, weitere hinzuzufügen. Vielmehr illustrieren die meisten Beiträge, wie sich die vielfältigen theoretischen und methodologischen Konzepte in konkrete empirische Forschung übersetzen lassen. In den Vordergrund treten damit globale Herausforderungen wie der Klimawandel, die gesellschaftlichen Debatten über Migration, der Umgang mit gesellschaftlicher Diversität in Schule, Verwaltung und Arbeitswelt sowie die Verhandlungen von Zugehörigkeiten in Migrationsgesellschaften, die von Rassismus und Ausgrenzung geprägt sind.
Differential transcriptome profile underlying risky choice in a rat gambling task
Authors: Kwak Myung Ji , Kim Wha Young , Jung Seung-Hyun , Chung Yeun-Jun , Kim Jeong-Hoon
Published: September 2022

Background and aims

Proper measurement of expected risk is important for making rational decisions, and maladaptive decision making may underlie various psychiatric disorders. However, differentially expressed genetic profiling involved in this process is still largely unknown. A rodent version of the gambling task (rGT) has been developed to measure decision-making by adopting the same principle of Iowa Gambling Task in humans. In the present study, we examined using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique whether there are differences in gene expression profiles in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) when rats make different choices toward risk in rGT.

Methods

Rats were trained in a touch screen chamber to learn the relationships between 4 different light signals on the window of the screen and accompanied reward outcomes or punishments set up with different magnitudes and probabilities. Once they showed a stabilized pattern of preference upon free choice, rats were classified into risk-averse or risk-seeking groups. After performing the rGT, rats were decapitated, the mPFC and the NAc was dissected out, and NGS was performed with the total RNA extracted.

Results

We found that 477 and 36 genes were differentially expressed (approximately 75 and 83% out of them were downregulated) in the mPFC and the NAc, respectively, in risk-seeking compared to risk-averse rats. Among those, we suggested a few top ranked genes that may contribute to promoting risky choices.

Discussion and conclusions

Our findings provide insights into transcriptional components underlying risky choices in rats.
Undeveloped non-investment land properties versus designated for single-family housing, as illustrated with the example of the Niepołomice municipality
Authors: Frosik Małgorzata
Published: September 2022

The Niepołomice municipality is located approx. 25 km from the center of Kraków and directly adjoins the Kraków agglomeration from the south-east. Its natural boundaries are marked by the Vistula River and the Niepołomice Forest. The municipality of Niepołomice is highly attractive to investors, which is due, inter alia, to lower real estate prices compared to the neighboring city of Kraków (the capital of the voivodeship), the presence of an industrial zone that guarantees
numerous jobs, good transport connections with Kraków, and a substantial amount of green and recreational areas.
The market of undeveloped land in Niepołomice is dynamic and very diverse, but when the transactions are grouped according to their designated functional purpose in the local spatial development plan, certain trends characteristic of a given group of transactions can be observed. In the present study, we attempt to compare the market of undeveloped non-investment land properties (with intended land use in the local zoning plan defined as agricultural land, green areas, etc.) and those designated for the development of single-family housing, across the entire Niepołomice municipality, on the basis of transactions made in the local real estate market during the 2020–2021 period.
Quality of life in the context of the distance from the city centre and access to green areas, illustrated with the case of Kraków district
Authors: Różycka-Czas Renata , Zając Natalia
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the diversity in the standard of living of the inhabitants across the municipalities that make up the Kraków district (powiat krakowski). The study examined the socio-economic conditions and the relationship between the standard of living and the distance from the central city. In their research, the authors also attempted to determine the relationship between the quality of life and the accessibility of green areas. The standard of living and accessibility of green areas were defined as synthetic indicators, using the non-model method. In order to verify the research questions, the Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient was
applied. The basis for calculating the value of the green areas accessibility index was a network analysis conducted using the QGIS 3.16 software, applied to the CORINE Land Cover 2018 and OpenStreetMap data. The research on the standard of living and quality of life was based on data from public statistics. Ultimately, two classifications were obtained: (1) the standard of living and the quality of life, and (2) the accessibility of green areas. Significant differences in the values of the quality of life and standard of living index were demonstrated. It was concluded that the municipalities of Wielka Wieś, Zabierzów, and Zielonki have the highest standard of living of all the studied area. The best accessibility of green areas is found in the Krzeszowice municipality. In the analysed area, no significant correlation was found between the standard of living and the accessibility of green areas. The results can be applied, among others, in conducting marketing activities of administrative units and as an aid in determining areas requiring the attention of local authorities.
TLS point cloud as a data surce for multi-lod of 3D models
Authors: Klapa Przemysław
Published: September 2022

The development of science and technology had a strong impact on all branches of engineering, including geodesy and the possibility of acquiring and processing measurement data. The best example of this is the Terrestrial Laser Scanning, whih can perform measurements in the form of a multi-million-point cloud. The cloud, representing places and objects, becomes a spatial database. The current problem in engineering is no longer data acquisition and processing, but information excess and redundancy. The solution to this problem is optimisation, which is the process of reducing the amount of data. It should implement its assumptions in such a way as to
remove or reduce unnecessary information without losing the information presented by an object. This issue is particularly important in the process of using point clouds in 3D modelling at various levels of detail. The appropriate levels of the LOD0–LOD4 model require a different type of data: on the one hand ensuring the obtainment of the appropriate accuracy class in the study, and on the other hand, the data source should not contain too detailed information that is unnecessary for the study, which makes the work harder and slows it down due to the need to operate on a huge amount of redundant information Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to determine the scope of work on the optimisation of the point cloud in order to adjust its number and quality to the needs of individual LODs. The results of the work allowed to determine the
scope of data unification for the respective precision groups of 3D models generating.