bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angle Formed Between Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Descending Thoracic Aorta in a Beating Heart: A Helpful Study to Design a Better Device for Occluding Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Ko Hoon , Lee Hyoung Doo , Ban Gil Ho , Kim Geena , Byun Joung-Hee , Kim Tae Hong , Choi Kwang Ho , Kim Hyungtae
Published: October 2021

Background: The percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has been a widely used treatment method. However, PDA device closure in neonates or patients with specific PDA morphology has been difficult due to the protrusion of the device into the descending aorta. The right angle between the disc and plug causes some degree of protrusion of the disc into the descending aorta because normal PDA forms an acute angle with the descending aorta. Objectives: There have been limited data about the angles of PDA since Mancini’s study in 1951, and new studies are required in this regard. This study measured the angles between PDA and descending aorta through angiography in a beating heart. Methods: Within December 2008 to November 2016, 190 patients undergoing percutaneous PDA occlusion were included in this study. Retrospectively, the mean angle of PDA was measured by three cardiologists between the longitudinal axis of the descending aorta and the longitudinal axis of the PDA through an aortogram. The patients were divided into three groups according to age (group A: under 1, group B: 1 - 6, and group C: over 6 years of age) and PDA morphology based on Krichenko’s classification (type A: conical PDA, type B: window PDA, type C: tubular PDA, type D: complex PDA, and type E: elongated PDA). Results: Of 190 study patients, 135 patients were female, and the median age of the patients was 7 years (range: 75 days to 60 years). The mean angle of PDA was 48.2 ± 12.0°. There were no statistical differences regarding PDA angle among the groups classified by age and PDA morphology. Conclusions: The authors are hopeful that the obtained data will help develop a better device for the percutaneous transcatheter closure of PDA.
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of General Emotion Questionnaire-Contrast Avoidance Model
Authors: Javaherirenani Razieh , Ahadianfard Pantea , Ashouri Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Background: According to Contrast Avoidance Model, those suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are afraid of severe emotional changes such as the transition from a good or neutral position to sudden unhappiness following a negative event. Also, the model shows that persistent worrying can be used to maintain negative emotions as a means of preventing a sudden change to negative in people with GAD. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the General Emotion Questionnaire-Contrast Avoidance Model (GEQ-CAM). Methods: Early, the GEQ was translated into Persian according to the translation instructions and using multistage cluster sampling. Initially, five universities located in Tehran were randomly selected, then from each of them, three different colleges were selected for the academic year of 2020. Afterward, 50 cases with GAD were selected using the convenience sampling method, yielding a total sample size of 576 (526 students and 50 cases with GAD). Results: General Emotion Questionnaire has an excellent level of internal consistency (α = 0.973) and test-retest reliability (0.986). This questionnaire indicated a positive and significant correlation with Penn State Worry Questionnaire (r = 0.804) and GAD-7 (r = 0.727), which indicates its appropriate convergent validity. Also, confirmatory factor analysis supported its 2-factor structure. Conclusions: In accordance with previous studies, the findings suggested that psychometric properties of the Persian version of the General Emotion Questionnaire-Contrast Avoidance Model are acceptable; hence, this questionnaire can be used for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes.
Genotype - phenotype correlation in an adolescent girl with pathogenic PPARy genetic variation that caused severe hypertriglyceridemia and early onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gutierrez Alvarez Ana , Yachelevich Naomi , Kohn Brenda , Brar Preneet Cheema
Published: October 2021

Severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) (>885 mg/dL) can be caused by familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3), an autosomal dominant disorder caused by loss of function of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), characterized by abnormal distribution of fat and metabolic derangements. This case reports a 16-year-old female (body mass index, 23.5 kg/m2) hospitalized twice for pancreatitis (triglycerides [TG] level >2,200 mg/dL). Her treatment management included bowel rest, insulin infusion, and plasmapheresis. A low-fat diet with 10 g of fat daily and 160 mg of fenofibrate daily decreased fasting TG to 411 mg/dL (range, 0–149 mg/dL). The patient had a normal leptin level. Panel testing of genes that impact TG metabolism revealed a known pathogenic variant in the PPARG gene (c.452A>G p.Tyr151Cys). A second variant detected in this gene, c.1003G>C (p.Val335Leu), is considered benign. Her glycosylated hemoglobin of 6.6% and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test confirmed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study reports the earliest detection of T2DM in an adolescent with a pathogenic variant of PPARG. PPARG-related FPLD3 should be considered in lean children that present with severe HTG and insulin resistance, and subsequent treatment with proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists, specifically thiazolidinediones, should be considered.
Cat management in an unregulated shelter environment: Relationship between care provision and cat health in Hong Kong
Authors: Kong S-K , Watson W , Ho KM , Farnworth MJ
Published: October 2021

Cat (Felis silvestris catus) shelter practices may have important implications for cats’ health and well-being. This study explored the relationship between husbandry practices and cat health in Hong Kong's shelters which are unregulated. Cat health was measured via body condition score (BCS), coat condition and signs of oculo-nasal discharge. A total of 314 cats in 24 cat shelters were assessed. A satisfactory BCS was associated with regular veterinary input, more than once per day disinfection and more than once per day change of water. The presence of oculo-nasal discharge — as a marker for upper respiratory tract infection — was associated with a lack of regular veterinary input and less frequent change of water within the shelter. A lack of regular feeding was the only factor associated with a dull coat. In summary, this study showed that certain husbandry practices had important associations with different aspects of cats’ health forcatshoused in an unregulated shelter environment in Hong Kong. These findings provide evidence-based support for husbandry guidelines or regulations for cat shelters which could have a positive impact on shelter cats’ health and welfare.
PARENTALITÉ-CONFLIT-RÉSOLUTION : UN MODÈLE D’INTERVENTION PSYCHOTHÉRAPEUTIQUE ET INTERDISCIPLINAIRE
Authors: Cyr1 Francine , Poitras Karine , Godbout Élisabeth , Baude Amandine
Published: October 2021

Les familles aux prises avec des conflits sévères de séparation posent des défis importants aux intervenants psychosociaux et aux juristes. Le protocole d’intervention Parentalité-Conflit-Résolution (PCR) propose une alternative interdisciplinaire à la gestion traditionnelle de ces situations familiales en visant l’établissement d’une coparentalité fonctionnelle et une reprise de contacts parent-enfant, lorsque le lien est rompu ou gravement fragilisé. Cet article présente le cadre pratique du psychothérapeute au sein du PCR, le rôle du psychothérapeute au sein du modèle interdisciplinaire, les enjeux cliniques auxquels il fait face ainsi que les défis déontologiques que pose un tel modèle d’intervention. En conclusion, des recommandations sont émises dans le but de préciser l’avenir de cette intervention psychojudiciaire novatrice auprès des familles vivant des conflits sévères.
APPLICATION D’UN PROGRAMME D’INTERVENTION SOCIO-JUDICIAIRE EN CONFLITS SÉVÈRES DE SÉPARATION : QU’EN PENSENT LES PROFESSIONNELS?
Authors: Baude1 Amandine , Lamonde Geneviève , Angele Rebecca , Lachance Véronique , St-Arnaud Nathaly
Published: October 2021

La présente étude qualitative vise à documenter l’expérience de professionnels qui appliquent un programme pour les parents vivant des conflits sévères de séparation. L’objectif du programme est de concerter l’intervention des directeurs de la protection de la jeunesse et le processus judiciaire, afin d’amener les parents à établir une coparentalité fonctionnelle permettant d’assurer la sécurité et le développement de leur enfant. Trente professionnels ont participé à des entrevues individuelles (i.e., avocats, juges, intervenants en coparentalité et intervenants en protection de la jeunesse). L’analyse permet de décrire : 1) les effets perçus du programme sur les familles et les services et 2) les enjeux rencontrés par les professionnels dans l’application du programme.
Contract Variation and Changed Expectations
Authors: Ilg Michael
Published: October 2021

The much-maligned rule in Stilk v. Myrick, in which fresh consideration is required for a contract variation to be enforceable, is giving way across many common law jurisdictions. The purpose of this article is not to defend the doctrine of consideration from its critics, but rather to suggest that its replacement, the doctrine of economic duress, is a cure that is worse than the disease. The consideration requirement has been displaced without sufficient attention to the complementary role of promissory estoppel. By consequence, the flexibility advantages offered by equity may be circumscribed by an overly permissive view of contract variation. When both contract variations and suspensions are considered, the model of economic duress is found to be morally unpersuasive and economically inefficient. This article proposes that the modernization of the law of contract variation should be based on a model of changed expectations, wherein the parties’ expectation of performance can be varied by gratuitous promises, but these gratuitous promises are revocable with reasonable notice.
De l’adoption à la procréation assistée par autrui : cadres,
pratiques et enjeux entourant la question des origines et de ses récits
Authors: Martial Agnès , Côté Isabel , Lavoie Kévin
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Dans un contexte
caractérisé par de nouvelles aspirations à la parentalité, au sein de sociétés
où les formes familiales se diversifient, la question des origines suscite
actuellement d’intenses débats politiques, sociaux et scientifiques. Ces débats
sont emblématiques d’un mouvement plus général, qui témoigne d’une attention
croissante à la question des origines dans les modes actuels de constitution des
familles, qu’il s’agisse de l’adoption ou de la procréation assistée par autrui.
La notion d’origine apparaît alors comme une entrée particulièrement pertinente
pour éclairer les enjeux sociaux et politiques que soulèvent aujourd’hui le
devenir de l’adoption, les conditions du recours à la procréation assistée avec
don, l’encadrement législatif de la gestation pour autrui ou les usages des
savoirs biogénétiques, ainsi que pour analyser les reconfigurations
contemporaines de la parenté et des liens familiaux.

Objectifs : Cet article a pour objectif
de cerner les principaux enjeux qui sous-tendent la question des origines en
retraçant les conditions d’émergence des discours sur le sujet de même qu’en
faisant dialoguer les différents apports disciplinaires permettant d’en
délimiter les contours.

Méthodologie : Cet article
s’appuie sur les différentes contributions des auteurs et autrices du numéro, de
même que sur les travaux théoriques et empiriques qui retracent comment la
question des origines est mobilisée par les personnes concernées par l’adoption
de même que par la procréation assistée par autrui. Pour en rendre compte, la
perspective comparative est valorisée.

Résultats : L’attention aux origines
révèle une évolution profonde liée à la dissociation croissante de la
procréation et de la parenté, d’où semblent émerger des relations et des figures
« nouvelles ». L’essor des technologies de la reproduction rend aujourd’hui plus
nombreuses les circonstances, déjà présentes dans l’adoption, où des personnes
procréent, mais ne deviennent pas – au sens légal - des parents, demeurant « aux
marges » de la parenté.

Conclusion : La notion d’origines offre
un lieu d’examen particulièrement fécond des représentations et interprétations
actuelles concernant les figures de l’origine (« parents » de naissance dans
l’adoption, donneurs et donneuses de gamètes, femmes ayant porté un enfant pour
autrui), les récits qui les constituent, la place qu’elles occupent (ou non)
dans l’histoire des individus adoptés ou nés de la procréation par autrui.

Contribution : Cet article apporte une
réflexion théorique et heuristique sur la notion des origines tout en témoignant
de sa pertinence pour réfléchir aux réalités relationnelles plurielles induites
par les configurations familiales actuelles. L’ensemble des articles de ce
numéro participe à cette réflexion en interrogeant la question des origines de
manière complémentaire.
Le don d’ovules dirigé : conjuguer
narratif de don et narratif de conception pour penser les origines
Authors: Noël Raphaële , Allard Marie-Alexia , Pelletier Gabrielle
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Le contexte
sociojuridique du Québec permet d’accéder à différentes modalités de don
d’ovules pour concevoir un enfant par procréation assistée. La présente
recherche empirique qualitative s’intéresse au don d’ovules dirigé dans lequel
la donneuse est connue du couple receveur (CR).

Objectifs : Cet article vise à mieux
comprendre la place de chacun dans cette nouvelle réalité familiale et étudie
l’impact du recours au don d’ovules sur le sentiment d’identité maternelle et de
filiation.

Méthodologie : Des entretiens
semi-dirigés accompagnés de la réalisation d’un génogramme libre (GL) ont été
menés auprès de huit donneuses et huit CR. Une logique inductive et itérative a
guidé la collecte et l’analyse des données par catégories conceptualisantes.

Résultats : Le développement d’une
histoire affective et relationnelle entre donneuses et CR émerge comme toile de
fond des enjeux spécifiques à chacun. S’il y a bien une rencontre entre eux, les
enjeux psychologiques qu’ils traversent et qui apparaissent au fil de la
réalisation du GL révèle des univers psychiques distincts.

Conclusions : C’est l’occasion pour la
donneuse de construire un sens à son don en rapport avec son histoire
personnelle et familiale, établissant les bases d’un narratif de don qui permet
un travail d’historicisation et de re-subjectivation. Les parents quant à eux
construisent l’histoire qui leur a permis de donner naissance à leur enfant,
questionnant la place de la donneuse et le lien avec elle, ainsi que l’identité
maternelle.

Contribution : Un tel narratif de
conception participe à la construction de l’identité parentale, en particulier
celle de la receveuse, et se conjugue au narratif de don pour penser les
origines de l’enfant. Cet article contribue à la réflexion sur le devenir parent
en ayant recours à un don d’ovules dirigé. Il soulève l’importance d’offrir un
accompagnement qui permet à chacun d’élaborer un narratif en continuité de sa
propre histoire.
Être issu·e·s du même don : partager des
« origines » en assistance médicale à la procréation avec tiers donneur
(Royaume-Uni, France)
Authors: Martin Anaïs
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : De nouvelles
figures émergent au sein des liens créés par l’assistance médicale à la
procréation avec tiers donneur : les personnes issues du même don.

Objectifs : À partir d’une enquête
anthropologique auprès d’adultes conçu·e·s par don de sperme au Royaume-Uni et
en France, l’article déploie une analyse des distinctions qui sont opérées entre
personnes issues du même don, frères et sœurs et enfants du donneur afin de
mieux comprendre ce qu’engage le partage d’» origines » quand on a été conçu·e
grâce au même donneur.

Méthodologie : L’analyse repose sur les
entretiens semi-directifs approfondis menés entre octobre 2017 et décembre 2019
avec 17 adultes conçus par don de sperme qui ont identifié au moins une personne
conçue grâce au même donneur au Royaume-Uni et en France.

Résultats : À l’aune des relations avec
les frères et sœurs, les connexions entre personnes issues du même don
apparaissent d’abord comme un lien corporel paradoxal qui se matérialise par un
partage de gènes entre des inconnu·e·s. Les distinctions entre enfants du
donneur et personnes conçues par don soulignent ensuite qu’au-delà de la
dimension génétique, c’est l’événement du don qui spécifie les liens entre
personnes issues du même don. Plus qu’un géniteur, elles partagent les
circonstances de leur conception, dont découlent un récit partagé et des
expériences communes. Enfin, si les relations qui s’établissent de fait se
caractérisent par leur souplesse et leur dimension élective, elles n’en font pas
moins émerger de nouvelles normes et hiérarchies.

Conclusions : L’étude des liens entre
personnes issues du même don laisse entrevoir la constitution d’une nouvelle
catégorie relationnelle aux confins de la parenté.

Contribution : L’article propose
d’aborder la procréation assistée avec tiers donneur par les relations
collatérales qu’elle produit. Il contribue à la réflexion sur le contenu des
liens créés par les « origines ».
La participation de l’enfant en
protection de l’enfance : Enjeux, conditions et obstacles
Authors: Faisca Élodie
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Cet article
propose une revue de la littérature internationale sur les enjeux, les
conditions et les obstacles de la participation des enfants en protection de
l’enfance dans le but de repérer les questions intéressantes à explorer dans de
futurs travaux.

Objectifs : Il vise à repérer les
questions intéressantes à explorer dans de futurs travaux et comprendre les
écarts existants entre les exigences du cadre légal, les discours des
institutions et de leurs acteurs, et les pratiques des professionnels. Il
fournit des pistes de réflexion nouvelles sur les conditions de participation
des enfants.

Méthodologie : L’article s’appuie sur
l’analyse d’une quarantaine de travaux internationaux publiés depuis 20 ans. Les
mots clés mobilisés dans les bases de données en français et en anglais sont :
la participation, des enfants ou des jeunes en protection de l’enfance, de leur
engagement ou implication.

Résultats : L’article met en lumière la
nécessité de repenser l’opposition souvent énoncée entre le principe de
protection et le principe de participation. Il montre l’importance de réfléchir
aux objectifs visés par la participation aux espaces dans lesquels les enfants
sont invités à exprimer leur avis et aux formes que cette expression peut
prendre. Nous montrons que la participation doit être considérée comme un
processus dynamique qui s’active ou se limite dans l’intervention elle-même.

Conclusions : Des recherches
qualitatives, de type ethnographique et longitudinal sont nécessaires pour mieux
saisir les processus à l’œuvre. 

Contribution : S’appuyant sur une revue
de littérature, cet article souligne certains des enjeux de la participation des
enfants en protection de l’enfance et identifie des pistes à explorer ou à
approfondir pour la recherche. Il invite alors les lecteurs à considérer et à
étudier la participation de l’enfant en tenant compte de son caractère
dynamique, relationnel et multidimensionnel. Des possibilités analytiques
pourraient émerger grâce à une approche longitudinale et écologique de la
participation.
Experimental, analytical and numerical analysis of voltage distribution along the cap-and-pin insulators
Authors: Banjanin Mladen
Published: October 2021

This paper deals with the experimental, analytical and numerical analysis of voltage distribution along the cap-and-pin insulators. Five different insulators strings are analyzed, consisting of two, three, four, five and six cap-and-pin U40BL glass disc insulators. Experimental measurements are performed in the high voltage laboratory at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering East Sarajevo. Measurement of the voltage distribution along the disc insulators is performed by using measuring sphere gap. Analytical calculations are performed by using mathematical model which considers parasite self-capacitances of disc insulators, as well as their parasite capacitances to the earth and to the phase conductor. Calculations of the parasite capacitances values are performed and optimum values which lead to the minimum difference between measured and calculated results are suggested. Numerical analyses of the non-linear voltage distribution are performed by using electrostatic field model in software Comsol Multyphisics. 2D axisymmetric models of the cap-and-pin insulators are developed. Despite the measuring configuration is not suitable for numerical analysis, relatively good agreement between the measured results and results calculated by using specialized software are achieved.
High Frequency Radio Surveillance System
Authors: Marinković-Nedelicki Verica , Pavić Branislav , Radivojević Jovan , Petrović Predrag , Lebl Aleksandar
Published: October 2021

The radio system for high frequency spectrum monitoring and signal processing used in direction finding is presented in this paper. This main function is realized using 6-channel HF radio signal receiver. The high degree of flexibility is achieved by the application of antenna multicoupler unit which allows that signals from several antennas may be processed in the system. The system signal processing especially in the demodulator is based on the most modern components of software defined radio. The system is completely developed in the Institute IRITEL applying commercial components wherever such an approach may fulfill the expected performances. The realized development is highly multidisciplinary and specific, especially HF radio signal receiver and the structure of its modules (local oscillator, RF/IF receiver subsystem, demodulator and control block) which is presented in the paper in more details. User handling is simple over intuitive user interface and system functional parameters may be easily changed. Special attention in the paper is devoted to this interface and software control procedures. The designed electrical characteristics are verified by comprehensive set of measurements according to military specifications both for HF radio signal receiver and antenna multicoupler unit and these characteristics are illustrated by several examples. The system is approved for the application in real conditions.
Current Legal Regulations as a Factor of Management of Sports Organisation
Authors: Nešić Branimir , Nešić Milan
Published: October 2021

Management of sports organisations, viewed in the context of their legality and legitimacy, predominantly relies on the filed of current legal regulations in sport. This could be, relatively speaking, considered as the existence of the “sports legislation” within a specific social environment, encompassing the set of laws and legal regulations, which govern the relations, procedures and operation of sports organisations. The issues concerning the current legal regulating of the relations in sport call attention to the following legal documents in a state: constitution, laws, subordinate legislation and internal (organisation’s) legal documents. From the point of view of sport (as a social phenomenon and practical activity), the concept of the current law must be treated through its determination that relates to all rules of social behaviour accepted and valid in a specific state. All stakeholders and participants in the sport process (stakeholders in the sports system) need to be informed about basic aspects of the legal norms constituting the substance of the current law. This paper, basically, deals with theoretical explication of the relevance of the current legal regulations as an important factor in the management of sports organisations. The context of the respective considerations is oriented towards the sports system environment in the Republic of Serbia.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone and β-endorphin concentration as a prognostic factor in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage due to aneurysmal rupture
Authors: Park Geo-seong , Choi Ha-young , Jang Hyoung-gyu , Park Jung-soo , Koh Eun-jeong , Lee Jong-Myeong
Published: October 2021

Objective: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and β-endorphin are pituitary neuro-peptides released by acute stress. We determined why the prognosis of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH) due to aneurysmal rupture is not always dependent on the Hunt–Hess grading system (HHS) and delta-National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), while studying endogenous neuropeptides, including ACTH and β-endorphin.Methods: We analyzed blood samples collected from patients with SAH (SAH group; n=37) and those with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (control group; n=37). Blood sampling was performed before any procedure or chemical agents administration. The results of ACTH and β-endorphin measurements were compared using the delta-NIHSS and HHS. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and Pearson’s correlations.Results: Of the 18 patients with low-grade HHS, 13 had low delta-NIHSS and five showed high delta-NIHSS. Of the 19 patients with high-grade HHS, the delta-NIHSS was ≥14 in the other five patients. ACTH concentration was high (497.3 pg/mL) in five patients with high-grade HHS and high delta-NIHSS. β-endorphin concentration was high (159.7 pg/mL) in 13 patients with low-grade HHS and low delta-NIHSS.Conclusions: High ACTH levels in patients with massive bleeding and poor neurological status suggests increasing ACTH secretion in response to bleeding stress, which may aggravate neurological status. Contrary to ACTH, high β-endorphin levels in patients with low-grade HHS implied the involvement of additional factors in predicting fair outcomes related to low delta-NIHSS. These results may provide insight into the varying prognostic potential of HHS in SAH patients.
Geo Foto Grafia: narrativas espaciais nas imagens de Sebastião Salgado
Authors: Pidner Flora Sousa
Published: October 2021

A obra apresenta um rico material de pesquisa que cria, por meio de uma incursão no universo fotográfico de Sebastião Salgado e de sua relação com a geografia, uma abordagem dialética e fenomenológica. A partir das diferentes “possibilidades de leitura de mundo” expressas pelo trabalho do fotógrafo, é possível explorar diversos momentos da marcante linguagem visual criada pelas imagens de Sebastião. Por meio das ferramentas sensíveis da emoção, da arte e da ciência, o(a) leitor(a) se torna capaz de adentrar o universo do grande fotógrafo brasileiro ao mesmo tempo que descobre os meandros da visão de Sebastião sobre o mundo e seus compromissos intelectuais e políticos.
SLC1A5 provides glutamine and asparagine necessary for bone development in mice
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Yu Yilin , Shen Leyao , Zhang Guo-Fang , Karner Courtney M
Published: October 2021

Osteoblast differentiation is sequentially characterized by high rates of proliferation followed by increased protein and matrix synthesis, processes that require substantial amino acid acquisition and production. How osteoblasts obtain or maintain intracellular amino acid production is poorly understood. Here, we identify SLC1A5 as a critical amino acid transporter during bone development. Using a genetic and metabolomic approach, we show SLC1A5 acts cell autonomously to regulate protein synthesis and osteoblast differentiation. SLC1A5 provides both glutamine and asparagine which are essential for osteoblast differentiation. Mechanistically, glutamine and to a lesser extent asparagine support amino acid biosynthesis. Thus, osteoblasts depend onSlc1a5to provide glutamine and asparagine, which are subsequently used to produce non-essential amino acids and support osteoblast differentiation and bone development.
Bactericidal Potential of Local Medicinal Plants of Kashmir Valley in Fishes: A Review
Authors: Jaies Inain , Ahmad Shah Feroz , Ahmad Dar Shabir , Shariq Nazir Qadiri Syed , Wali Asifa , Kumar Raj
Published: October 2021

Bacterial diseases in fishes create one of the alarming situations that render significant loss to the fishing industries and aquacultural farm units worldwide. Various drugs have been formulated, standardized, and used in the industry to combat bacterial infections. However, non-judicious drugs can lead to pharmacological problems and induction of toxicity in fishes, leaving them less suitable for human consumption. These drugs can be supplemented with the natural herb plants having antibacterial activities, although they cannot be used solely to curb the menace. Therefore, the review put forth an idea, which plant herbs can be used as antibacterial drugs in fishes.
Identity and Antibiogram of Bacterial Isolates from Owerri Modern Abattoir, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Dike-Ndudim Joy Nkeiruka , Nwanneka Ugwuegbu Roseline , Chidozie Amah Henry , Ndubueze Chizaram Winners , Simon Anikwo Emeka
Published: October 2021

Aim: The identity and antibiogram of bacterial isolates from Owerri modern abattoir in Imo State, Nigeria, was investigated with the aim of determining the bacterial profile of the abattoir and their susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics.

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Owerri Modern Abattoir located within Owerri metropolis from June to November, 2020.

Methodology: Questionnaires were used to obtain participants’ consent, demographic data and sanitary practices in the abattoir.  Samples were taken and bacteriological analysis of the samples done using pour plate method. Disc diffusion antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration were performed after colony counting, identification and characterization of the isolates using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques.

Results: Mean viable bacterial counts were generally high with highest counts from contaminated soil (6.13x106CFU/ml) and least from workers hands (1.17x106CFU/ml). Escherichia coli had the highest prevalence (18.0%), with the highest counts from soil (3.10%). Vibrio cholerae recorded the least prevalence (0.62%), and was isolated only from washing water. High resistance to antibiotics was observed.

Conclusion: Government authority and the general public are advised to ensure adequate environmental sanitation and proper cooking of meat before consumption in order to mitigate the incidence of infection and antibiotic resistance.
Transferosomes a New Transformation in Research: A Review
Authors: Sasikala Allam
Published: October 2021

The drugs mostly present are available with less bioavailability  and the problem arises with less permeation or solubility  so extensive work is done to enhance these mechanisms. Not only that drugs should pass hepatic metabolism, Inorder to improve its bioavailability they are formulated as transferosomes which can improve the patient compliance by delivering the drug through the transdermal-route. Soya lecithin is used as a phospholipid whereas Tween 60, Tween 80, Span 60 and Span 80 are used as edge activators. These formulations usually showed more entrapment efficiency. The reason behind this is due to the presence of more phospholipids and as the surfactant concentration increases drug release will be rapid. As our main aim is to enhance the bioavailability this can be achieved by optimizing the concentrations of phospholipid and surfactant one can attain a controlled release of drug through this drug delivery system.
Corrections of photon beam profiles of small fields measured with ionization chambers using a three‐layer neural network
Authors: Schönfeld Ann‐Britt , Mund Karl , Yan Guanghua , Schönfeld Andreas Alexander , Looe Hui Khee , Poppe Björn
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this work is to study the feasibility of photon beam profile deconvolution using a feedforward neural network (NN) in very small fields (down to 0.56 × 0.56 cm2). The method's independence of the delivery and scanning system is also investigated. Lateral beam profiles of photon fields between 0.56 × 0.56 cm2 and 4.03 × 4.03 cm2 were collected on a Siemens Artiste linear accelerator. Three scanning ionization chambers (SNC 125c, PTW 31021, and PTW 31022) of sensitive volumes ranging from 0.016 cm3 to 0.108 cm3 were used with a PTW MP3 water phantom. A reference dataset was also collected with a PTW 60019 microDiamond detector to train and test individual NNs for each ionization chamber. Further testing of the trained NNs was performed with additional test data collected on an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator using a Sun Nuclear 3D Scanner. The results were evaluated with a 1D gamma analysis (0.5 mm/0.5%). After the deconvolution, the gamma passing rates increased from 54.79% to 99.58% for the SNC 125c, from 57.09% to 99.83% for the PTW 31021, and from 91.03% to 96.36% for the PTW 31022. The delivery system, the scanning system, the scanning mode (continuous vs. step‐by‐step), and the electrometer had no significant influence on the results. This study successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using NN to correct the beam profiles of very small photon fields collected with ionization chambers of various sizes. Its independence of the delivery and scanning system was also shown.
Oxygen Vacancy Injection as a Pathway to Enhancing Electromechanical Response in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Kelley Kyle P. , Morozovska Anna N. , Eliseev Eugene A. , Sharma Vinit , Yilmaz Dundar E. , van Duin Adri C. T. , Ganesh Panchapakesan , Borisevich Albina , Jesse Stephen , Maksymovych Peter , Balke Nina , Kalinin Sergei V. , Vasudevan Rama K.
Published: October 2021

Since their discovery in late 1940s, perovskite ferroelectric materials have become one of the central objects of condensed matter physics and materials science due to the broad spectrum of functional behaviors they exhibit, including electro‐optical phenomena and strong electromechanical coupling. In such disordered materials, the static properties of defects such as oxygen vacancies are well explored but the dynamic effects are less understood. In this work, the first observation of enhanced electromechanical response in BaTiO3 thin films is reported driven via dynamic local oxygen vacancy control in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). A persistence in peizoelectricity past the bulk Curie temperature and an enhanced electromechanical response due to a created internal electric field that further enhances the intrinsic electrostriction are explicitly demonstrated. The findings are supported by a series of temperature dependent band excitation PFM in ultrahigh vacuum and a combination of modeling techniques including finite element modeling, reactive force field, and density functional theory. This study shows the pivotal role that dynamics of vacancies in complex oxides can play in determining functional properties and thus provides a new route toward– achieving enhanced ferroic response with higher functional temperature windows in ferroelectrics and other ferroic materials.
Role of metal identity and speciation in the low‐temperature oxidation of methane over tri‐metal oxo clusters
Authors: Hall Jacklyn N. , Bollini Praveen
Published: October 2021

Clarity as to the role of metal identity and oxidation state in effecting redox and acid‐catalyzed turnovers is oftentimes precluded by a high degree of heterogeneity in site speciation, a limitation that can be overcome through the use of well‐defined polymetal clusters hosted by metal organic framework materials—accomplished in the present case using MIL‐100(M) for the low temperature oxidation of methane with N2O. Transient kinetic data point to (a) methoxy species mediating methane conversion, (b) partial and deep oxidation occurring over metal sites distinct in oxidation state, (c) chromium clusters amplifying the propensity towards C‐C bond formation, and (d) the relative velocity of propagation of water and methanol concentration fronts playing a determinative role in maximizing C2 oxygenate selectivity. The study captures the utility of using classes of materials inherently endowed with a high level of definition and uniformity in advancing the elucidation of structure‐catalytic property relationships.
Crystallization solvent design based on a new quantitative prediction model of crystal morphology
Authors: Chai Shiyang , Li Enhui , Zhang Lei , Du Jian , Meng Qingwei
Published: October 2021

Solution crystallization is an important separation unit operation in active pharmaceutical ingredient production. Solvent is one of the important factors affecting crystal morphology. How to select/design suitable solvents is still one of the most urgent problems in the crystallization field. In this article, a framework for crystallization solvent design based on the developed quantitative prediction model of crystal morphology is proposed. First, molecular dynamics is used to predict the crystal morphology in solvents. Next, solvent descriptors are selected by stepwise regression method. Then, the quantitative relationship between crystal aspect ratio and solvent descriptors is developed. Subsequently, computer‐aided molecular design method is integrated with the developed quantitative prediction model. The crystallization solvent design problem is expressed as a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model with maximum yield as the objective function, which is solved by decomposition algorithm. Finally, the crystallization solvent design framework is applied to two cases and experimental verification is implemented.
Disability organizations as empowering settings: Challenging stigmatization, promoting emancipation
Authors: Madyaningrum Monica E. , Sonn Christopher C. , Fisher Adrian T.
Published: October 2021

This study investigated how a local disability organization in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia, has functioned as an empowering setting for its members. This article discusses, in particular, the context specific features that have enabled members of this organization to resist the pervasive stigmatization commonly imposed upon people with disabilities. The research data was collected through interviews with 18 members of the organization and analyzed using the method of constructivist grounded theory. The findings suggest that this organization exists as an empowering setting because it functions as a mindset changer, an alternative resource center, and fosters supportive and courageous allies. Through this empowerment, members can challenge the normalized stigmatization and promote more emancipatory identities, particularly in a rural context where some socio‐cultural aspects may further complicate the disadvantages of people with disabilities. Implications for future research and disability interventions are discussed.
Sink/Float Magnetic Immunoassays for In‐Field Bioassays
Authors: Chorti Parthena , Christodouleas Dionysios C.
Published: October 2021

Analytical tests/devices that are used outside laboratory settings are required to have a very simple analytical protocol to get clearance by regulatory authorities. This study describes sink/float magnetic immunoassays, a new type of rapid, mix‐and‐observe, instrument‐free tests for the detection of biomarkers in untreated biological samples that are very simple and might meet the simple‐to‐use criterion of authorities to be used in the field. These tests can tell whether an analyte is above or below a predetermined level within 25–45 minutes based on the sinking or floating of a mm‐sized sphere on the surface of which an immunoassay that uses reporter antibodies conjugated to superparamagnetic nanoparticles is performed. This manuscript describes the theory and proof‐of‐concept applications of sink/float magnetic immunoassays for the detection of C‐Reactive Protein, anti‐Treponema pallidum antibodies and E. coli bacteria.
Targeted Enrichment of Enzyme‐Instructed Assemblies in Cancer Cell Lysosomes Turns Immunologically Cold Tumors Hot
Authors: Ji Shenglu , Li Jun , Duan Xingchen , Zhang Jingtian , Zhang Yufan , Song Mengqing , Li Songge , Chen Hongli , Ding Dan
Published: October 2021

Lysosome‐relevant cell death induced by lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) has recently attracted increasing attention. However, nearly no studies show that currently available LMP inducers can evoke immunogenic cell death (ICD) or convert immunologically cold tumors to hot. Herein, we report a LMP inducer named TPE‐Py‐pYK(TPP)pY, which can respond to alkaline phosphatase (ALP), leading to formation of nanoassembies along with fluorescence and singlet oxygen turn‐on. TPE‐Py‐pYK(TPP)pY tends to accumulate in ALP‐overexpressed cancer cell lysosomes as well as induce LMP and rupture of lysosomal membranes to massively evoke ICD. Such LMP‐induced ICD effectively converts immunologically cold tumors to hot as evidenced by abundant CD8+ and CD4+ T cells infiltration into the cold tumors. Exposure of ALP‐catalyzed nanoassemblies in cancer cell lysosomes to light further intensifies the processes of LMP, ICD and cold‐to‐hot tumor conversion. This work thus builds a new bridge between lysosome‐relevant cell death and cancer immunotherapy.
Prompting visual attention to print versus pictures during shared book reading with digital storybooks for preschoolers withASDcompared toTDpeers
Authors: Wicks Rachelle , Westerveld Marleen , Stainer Matthew , Paynter Jessica
Published: October 2021

Prompting children to look at print and picture content during shared book reading (SBR) facilitates joint attention and early language and literacy learning opportunities for typically developing (TD) children. Whether preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) respond similarly to bids for joint attention during SBR and how autism characteristics impact upon their responsiveness is currently unclear. This is important given these children are at risk of persistent language and literacy challenges. To address this, we examined the effects of prompts that were solely verbal versus verbal with pointing on visual attention to print and picture targets during SBR with digital storybooks for 34 children with ASD and 27 TD peers. Children with ASD looked as frequently at print targets, but less frequently at picture targets, when prompted compared to TD peers. Both prompt types showed similar effects in shifting children's visual attention to print and picture targets at group level. When groups were combined, autism characteristics influenced children's responsiveness to verbal versus verbal with pointing prompts to print targets, but not to picture targets; children looked more frequently at print targets as autism characteristics increased when verbal prompts were used, with a large effect shown (d = 0.91). Overall, findings suggest that prompting children with ASD to look at print and pictures during SBR with digital storybooks may be helpful in facilitating joint attention to storybook content. Implications for the development of effective early interventions aimed at providing emergent literacy support for children with ASD are discussed.

Lay Summary

We looked at how prompting impacted upon where children with autism look during shared book reading with digital storybooks compared to children without autism using eye‐tracking. We found the target (pictures or print) was what mattered and number of autism characteristics impacted how responsive children were to different types of prompts. This helps us to understand how prompting may help children with autism to look at print or pictures during shared book reading which could support language or reading interventions.
Interpretation of Timetrends (1996–2017) of the Incidence of Selected Cancers in England in Relation to Mobile Phone Use as a Possible Risk Factor
Authors: de Vocht Frank
Published: October 2021

Radiofrequency (RF) radiation from mobile phones has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (2b) by IARC. However, to date, the discussion on whether mobile phone use is a cancer risk factor has not been solved. In this context of continuing uncertainty, it is important to continue to monitor cancer incidence trends. Annual incidence rates and directly age‐standardized rates of selected cancers by sex and 5‐year age groups for 1996 to 2017 for England were obtained from the UK Office for National Statistics. Interpretation in light of mobile phone use as a contributing risk factor was conducted for cancers of the brain, parotid gland, thyroid, and colorectal cancer, which have all been hypothesized to be associated with RF exposure. Brain and parotid gland cancers were updated by an additional 10 years following a previous publication, and continue to provide little evidence of an association with mobile phone use. Although mobile phone use as a potential risk factor contributing to increased incidence of colorectal or thyroid cancer could not be excluded based on these ecological data, it is implausible that it is an important risk factor for either. In the absence of clarity from epidemiological studies, it remains important to continue to monitor trends. However, for the time being, and in agreement with data from other countries, there is little evidence of an association between mobile phone use and brain or parotid gland cancer, while the hypotheses of associations with thyroid or colorectal cancer are similarly weak. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Density functional theory study of the dimer structure of amyloidogenic active sequence VQIVYK
Authors: Choi Ryu Ho , Kim Ho‐Tae
Published: October 2021

The density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level were used to optimize the VQIVYK dimer complexes. In the stabilization energy calculations, the Complex 4 structure was calculated to be the most favorable structure among the Complex 1–5 geometries. The Complex 4 geometry was shown to be a more favorable geometry because of the less rigid geometry of the QIVY central part than the well‐ordered QIVY part of the Complex 1 parallel geometry. The central part of Complex 4 QIVY is optimized to the Y‐association structure of the Y5–Q2–Y5 interaction geometry. The Y5–Q2–Y5 interaction comprised two interactions, the Y5–Y5 pi–pi interaction and two cooperative H‐bonds. Both pi–pi interaction and the two cooperative H‐bonds contributed to the energy stabilization of Complex 4 geometry.
Development, validation, and implementation of an UHPLC–MS/MS method for the quantitation of furosemide in infant urine samples
Authors: Vedar Christina , Bamat Nicolas A. , Zuppa Athena F. , Reilly Megan E. , Moorthy Ganesh S.
Published: October 2021

Furosemide is a diuretic drug used to increase urine flow in order to reduce the amount of salt and water in the body. It is commonly utilized to treat preterm infants with chronic lung disease of prematurity. There is a need for a simple and reliable quantitation of furosemide in human urine. We have developed and validated an ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for furosemide quantitation in human urine with an assay range of 0.100–50.0 μg/ml. Sample preparation involved solid‐phase extraction with 10 μl of urine. Intra‐day accuracies and precisions for the quality control samples were 94.5–106 and 1.86–10.2%, respectively, while inter‐day accuracies and precision were 99.2–102 and 3.38–7.41%, respectively. Recovery for furosemide had an average of 23.8%, with an average matrix effect of 101%. Furosemide was stable in human urine under the assay conditions. Stability for furosemide was shown at 1 week (room temperature, 4, −20 and −78°C), 6 months (−78°C), and through three freeze–thaw cycles. This robust assay demonstrates accurate and precise quantitation of furosemide in a small volume (10 μl) of human urine. It is currently being implemented in an ongoing pediatric clinical study.