bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harnessing Nanomaterials for Enhanced DNA‐Based Biosensing and Therapeutic Performance
Authors: Pan Xumin , Zhao Xiaoman , Lu Yanhong , Xie Ping , Liu Lan , Chu Xia
Published: December 2024

The integration of nanomaterials with DNA‐based systems has emerged as a transformative approach in biosensing and therapeutic applications. Unique features of DNA, like its programmability and specificity, complement the diverse functions of nanomaterials, leading to the creation of advanced systems for detecting biomarkers and delivering treatments. Here, we review the developments in DNA‐nanomaterial conjugates, emphasizing their enhanced functionalities and potential across various biomedical applications. We first discuss the methodologies for synthesizing these conjugates, distinguishing between covalent and non‐covalent interactions. We then categorize DNA‐nanomaterials conjugates based on the properties of the DNA and nanomaterials involved, respectively. DNA probes are classified by their application into biosensing or therapeutic uses, and, several nanomaterials are highlighted by their recent progress in living biological. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future prospects in this field, anticipating that significant progress in DNA‐nanomaterial conjugates will greatly enhance precision medicine.
Mapping the Clinical Development Trajectory of Cell and Gene Therapy Products
Authors: Elsallab Magdi , Ouvina Michelle , Arfe Andrea , Bourgeois Florence T.
Published: December 2024

While cell and gene therapies (CGTs) have emerged as promising modalities to treat conditions with limited therapeutic options, their unconventional development is fraught with uncertainty, rendering them high‐risk assets for many pharmaceutical companies. Here, we assess the clinical development trajectories of CGT products by estimating probabilities of successful clinical trial phase transitions and the likelihood of achieving regulatory approval. We included all CGT products entering clinical development from 1993 to 2023 and intended for marketing in the United States, Europe, Japan, Canada, and Switzerland. Associations between product success and characteristics were investigated. In sub‐analyses, we examined the clinical trajectories of two promising product types, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapies and adeno‐associated viral (AAV) vector‐based gene therapies. We identified 995 CGT products corresponding to 1,961 development programs. A total of 44 CGTs secured at least one regulatory approval, corresponding to an overall likelihood of approval of 5.3% (95% CI 4.0–6.9). Development programs with an orphan designation had a higher likelihood of approval than those without (9.4%, 95% CI 6.6–13.3 vs. 3.2%, 95% CI 2.0–4.9), while programs for oncology indications had a lower likelihood of approval compared to those for non‐oncology indications (3.2%, 95% CI 1.6–5.1 vs. 8.0%, 95% CI 5.7–11.1). CAR T cells and AAV gene therapies had a similar overall likelihood of approval of 13.6% (95% CI 7.3, 23.9) and 13.6% (95% CI 6.4, 26.7), respectively. In conclusion, CGT products have a low overall likelihood of approval with variability based on orphan status, therapeutic area, and product type.
Tools for clinical pharmacists to identify medications that can cause drug‐induced cognitive impairment: A systematic review
Authors: Stanton Jacob , Gionfriddo Michael R. , Rattinger Gail B. , Fang Yuan , Lussier Mia E.
Published: December 2024

Cognitive impairment affects around 19% of community‐dwelling older adults in the United States. Pharmacists can play a significant role in identifying and deprescribing cognitive‐impairing medications through cognitive‐focused medication reviews or as part of comprehensive medication management. Multiple tools exist to help pharmacists and other practitioners identify these medications, yet a comprehensive description of these tools has not been undertaken. We searched EBSCO MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycInfo from inception to August 4, 2023, using search terms relative to medications and cognition. Studies were included if they detailed a tool to assess the cognitive burden of a medication regimen. Abstracts and full texts were screened independently and in duplicate. Any disagreements at the level of full‐text screening were resolved by consensus. Eligible studies underwent data extraction by two authors independently and in duplicate using a data extraction form. Our search identified 13 126 articles of which only four tools were initially included. Additionally, we identified seven articles from the reference lists of excluded review articles for a final inclusion count of 11 tools. Articles were published between 2001 and 2017. Nine of 11 tools (82%) were focused solely on anticholinergic medications, while only one tool indicated a clinically relevant cutoff value and alternative medication recommendations. While there are many tools to assess the cognitive burden from medications, many are limited by the development date, focus on anticholinergic medications, or lack clinically useful information. Further research is needed to develop more comprehensive, up‐to‐date, and readily implementable tools that clinical pharmacists can utilize to assess medication‐induced cognitive risks. Such as tool could be applied by pharmacists in many settings to optimize medication use and improve patient outcomes.
Multi‐Omics Biomarkers for Predicting Efficacy of Biologic and Small‐Molecule Therapies in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Liru , Zhang Chuhan , Niu Ruixuan , Xiong Shanshan , He Jinshen , Wang Yu , Zhang Pingxin , Su Fengyuan , Liu Zishan , Zhou Longyuan , Mao Ren , Hu Shixian , Chen Minhu , Qiu Yun , Feng Rui
Published: December 2024

The heterogeneity and suboptimal efficacy of biological treatments and small molecule drugs necessitate their precise selection based on biomarkers that predict therapeutic responses in inflammatory bowel disease. Recent studies have identified numerous novel biomarkers predictive of responses to biologics and small molecule modulators, utilizing a variety of omics approaches in inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we systematically examine baseline omics biomarkers that predict responses to biological therapies and small molecule drugs, drawing on literature from PubMed. Our analysis spans multiple omics disciplines, including genomics, transcriptomics (both bulk RNA and single‐cell RNA sequencing), proteomics, microbiomics, and metabolomics, with particular emphasis on the impact of models integrating multiple omics datasets. Additionally, to further the field of precision medicine, we evaluated specific biomarkers that may exhibit distinct effects on responses to multiple therapeutic interventions.
Data Are Missing Again—Reconstruction of Power Generation Data Using k$$ k $$‐Nearest Neighbors and Spectral Graph Theory
Authors: Pierrot Amandine , Pinson Pierre
Published: December 2024

The risk of missing data and subsequent incomplete data records at wind farms increases with the number of turbines and sensors. We propose here an imputation method that blends data‐driven concepts with expert knowledge, by using the geometry of the wind farm in order to provide better estimates when performing nearest neighbor imputation. Our method relies on learning Laplacian eigenmaps out of the graph of the wind farm through spectral graph theory. These learned representations can be based on the wind farm layout only or additionally account for information provided by collected data. The related weighted graph is allowed to change with time and can be tracked in an online fashion. Application to the Westermost Rough offshore wind farm shows significant improvement over approaches that do not account for the wind farm layout information.
Critical insights into thermal comfort optimization and heat resilience in indoor spaces
Authors: Jain Harshita
Published: December 2024

To address the multifaceted aspects of indoor environmental sciences, this review paper critically investigates the optimization of thermal comfort and the development of heat-resilient indoor environments. Drawing on knowledge from a wide range of disciplines, such as chemistry, microbiology, public health, psychology, epidemiology, engineering, and toxicology, among others, it provides an extensive overview of recent study findings. The paper examines solutions targeted at reducing the negative impacts of heat stress while improving thermal comfort levels indoors, highlighting the complex link between indoor environment, human health, and comfort. Using both theoretical frameworks and actual data, the study assesses a variety of cutting-edge methods, such as behavioral interventions, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, passive design strategies, and adaptable building materials. The statement underscores the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in tackling the intricate problems related to interior thermal comfort and resistance to heat waves. The review attempts to offer practical insights for practitioners and researchers looking to optimize interior settings for human health and well-being by looking at the synergistic impacts of several treatments. Additionally, the research emphasizes how crucial it is to consider the larger context of climate change and its effects on interior spaces. To improve our understanding of thermal comfort optimization and heat-resilient design techniques, it suggests new research directions and knowledge gaps and advocates for ongoing interdisciplinary inquiry. In the end, the review adds to the continuing conversation about designing livable, sustainable, and healthful interior spaces in the face of changing weather patterns.
“The Voice of Choice”: Transpacific Educational Exchanges in the Neoliberal Era
Authors: Moss Hilary
Published: December 2024

This essay queries how ideas about school choice traversed the Pacific in the late twentieth century. Specifically, it reconstructs and deconstructs the visits of two African American proponents of parental school choice, Annette “Polly” Williams and Howard Fuller, from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to Aotearoa New Zealand in the 1990s. Drawing from oral histories, newspapers, and archives in the United States and Aotearoa New Zealand, this essay explores Fuller’s and Williams’s travels and the responses they generated to better understand how and why choice-based educational policies, including school vouchers, gained traction, or failed to do so, at the close of the twentieth century. A close-up analysis of one small strand of the transnational voucher movement reveals that educational ideas and policies did not drift naturally from one place to another. To the contrary, they were cultivated; and that cultivation, particularly when done across vastly different contexts, represented both a political act and an expression of power. This essay also prompts historians to understand the global ascendancy of school choice at the end of the twentieth century by looking to other transnational frameworks and ideologies in addition to neoliberalism: decolonization, Indigenous activism, Pan-Africanism, and the “Black Pacific,” among others. Finally, this essay hopes to encourage more historians of education, including Americanists, to peer beyond national boundaries when investigating the cultivation, development, and dissemination of educational ideas and practices. A close analysis of the transpacific travels of Fuller and Williams can serve as a tangible model for how historians might utilize microhistory to reap the benefits of transnational inquiry while avoiding its analytical hazards: broad generalizations, oversimplifications, and cultural misinterpretations.
The Other Gen Ed: Social Sciences, Curricular Innovation, and the Defense of Democracy in Mid-Twentieth-Century American Higher Education
Authors: Reuben Julie A.
Published: December 2024

Fear for the future of democracy in the 1930s and 1940s led university educators to redefine the purpose of general education as preparation for democratic citizenship. This mobilized social scientists to engage in curricular reform and experiment with progressive pedagogical practices in new general education courses. These courses have been overlooked in the scholarship on general education, which focuses on Great Books courses and educators’ efforts to create a common culture linked to Europe. Uncovering these courses demonstrates that general education was an important part of higher education’s commitment to democracy. Mid-twentieth-century social science general education was an innovative form of political education aimed at preparing independent-minded, engaged citizens with democratic values.
Articulating the built environment
Authors: Kei Yat Shun Juliana
Published: December 2024

Despite the growing body of literature on Chinese architecture, contemporary Chinese architects’ critical approaches to drawing have received little scrutiny. To address this research gap, this essay examines the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize laureate Wang Shu’s creative uses of modern parallel projection methods. The essay focuses on Wang’s specific drawing strategies that have allowed him to reconcile the disengaged mode of seeing that is engrained in parallel projection with the immersive spectatorship that traditional Chinese landscape painting epitomises.

First, through a literature review, this paper highlights Wang’s observations regarding the a-perspectival nature of Chinese landscape painting. Rather than being a perspectival window for the disengaged gaze, the landscape painting invites viewers to inhabit the pictorial space. Second, through comparative studies of selected cases, this essay investigates how Wang’s acknowledgement of the landscape painting’s a-perspectival traits has influenced his specific strategies when using parallel projection methods. The examined cases include Wang’s drawings for the Chen Mo Art Studio (Haiyan, 1998), the Tengtou Pavilion (Shanghai, 2009-2010), and the Xiangshan Campus of the China Academy of Art Phases I and II (Hangzhou, 2002-2008).

The essay concludes by highlighting significant changes in Wang’s later parallel projection drawings. Wang’s work has increasingly delineated architectural terrains as sensory topographies to foster viewers’ time-bound immersive spectatorships. Moreover, when serving his architectural ideas, Wang’s drawings have transcended the geometric representation of depth by implying spaces that exceed the limits of projection drawings. By examining his drawings, this essay sheds light on a salient yet underexamined aspect of Wang’s architectural undertakings. By investigating in-depth case studies of contemporary Chinese architectural drawings, this essay takes a crucial step towards a better understanding of this hitherto understudied domain.
Die Pathogeninaktivierung zur Gewährleistung einer qualitativ
hochwertigen, sicheren und wirtschaftlichen Versorgung mit
Thrombozytenkonzentraten in Deutschland
Authors: Bauer Matthäus , Buser Andreas , Dierks Christian , Halimeh Susan , Henschler Reinhard , Holtick Udo , Humpe Andreas , Kalus Ulrich , Kron Florian , Langer Florian , Leitner Gerda , Ostermann Helmut , Pruß Axel , Rummler Silke , Scheid Christof , Schennach Harald , Schlenke Peter , Schoensteiner Stefan
Published: December 2024

Zielsetzung Die Pathogeninaktivierung (PI) ist ein weltweit anerkanntes
Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit von Thrombozytenkonzentraten und
Plasma. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Notwendigkeit und potenziellen Vorteile der
Implementierung der PI für Thrombozytenkonzentrate in Deutschland.

Methodik Analysiert werden sowohl Daten zur aktuellen Blutversorgung als
auch zu Infektionsrisiken von Thrombozytenkonzentraten sowie bestehender
Sicherheitsstandards auch im interationalen Vergleich.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass PI die Sicherheit durch die
Inaktivierung bekannter und unbekannter Pathogene verbessert, die Haltbarkeit
verlängert, den Spenderkreis erweitert und die Anzahl verworfener
Thrombozytenkonzentrate reduziert. Dies stabilisiert die Versorgung und senkt
Kosten.

Schlussfolgerung Eine Integration der PI in die deutschen
Hämotherapie-Richtlinien und beschleunigte Zulassungsverfahren werden
empfohlen.
Engineered bacteria that self-assemble bioglass polysilicate coatings display enhanced light focusing
Authors: Sidor Lynn M. , Beaulieu Michelle M. , Rasskazov Ilia , Acarturk B. Cansu , Ren Jie , Jenen Emerson , Kamoen Lycka , Vitali María Vázquez , Carney P. Scott , Schmidt Greg R. , Srubar Wil V. , Abbondanzieri Elio A. , Meyer Anne S.
Published: December 2024

Cutting-edge photonic devices frequently rely on microparticle components to focus and manipulate light. Conventional methods used to produce these microparticle components frequently offer limited control of their structural properties or require low-throughput nanofabrication of more complex structures. Here, we employ a synthetic biology approach to produce environmentally friendly, living microlenses with tunable structural properties. We engineered
Escherichia coli
bacteria to display the silica biomineralization enzyme silicatein from aquatic sea sponges. Our silicatein-expressing bacteria can self-assemble a shell of polysilicate “bioglass” around themselves. Remarkably, the polysilicate-encapsulated bacteria can focus light into intense nanojets that are nearly an order of magnitude brighter than unmodified bacteria. Polysilicate-encapsulated bacteria are metabolically active for up to 4 mo, potentially allowing them to sense and respond to stimuli over time. Our data demonstrate that synthetic biology offers a pathway for producing inexpensive and durable photonic components that exhibit unique optical properties.
Asymmetric fluctuations and self-folding of active interfaces
Authors: Zhao Liang , Gulati Paarth , Caballero Fernando , Kolvin Itamar , Adkins Raymond , Marchetti M. Cristina , Dogic Zvonimir
Published: December 2024

We study the structure and dynamics of the interface separating a passive fluid from a microtubule-based active fluid. Turbulent-like active flows power giant interfacial fluctuations, which exhibit pronounced asymmetry between regions of positive and negative curvature. Experiments, numerical simulations, and theoretical arguments reveal how the interface breaks up the spatial symmetry of the fundamental bend instability to generate local vortical flows that lead to asymmetric interface fluctuations. The magnitude of interface deformations increases with activity: In the high activity limit, the interface self-folds invaginating passive droplets and generating a foam-like phase, where active fluid is perforated with passive droplets. These results demonstrate how active stresses control the structure, dynamics, and break-up of soft, deformable, and reconfigurable liquid–liquid interfaces.
Translating boundaries in Russia Abroad
Authors: Namestnikov Anna
Published: December 2024

This article responds to recent calls for research on literary translations in émigré periodicals as a means of
exploring the cultural boundary work between the diaspora and its host cultures. Focusing on the community of Russia Abroad
(1919–1939), for whom the printed word was vital in sustaining and disseminating cultural life, this study examines the role of
translations in shaping diasporic identity. Using Illiustrirovannaia Rossiia [Illustrated Russia] (Paris;
1924–1939) a prominent Russian émigré newsmagazine as a case study, this article combines a descriptive analysis of literary
translations with a qualitative examination of the accompanying editorial paratexts. The findings reveal that translated
literature not only contributed to the formation of a distinct émigré cultural identity but also served as a crucial tool in
defining boundaries between the Russian diaspora and the surrounding host cultures.
The enhanced separability criteria based on equiangular tight frames
Authors: Qi Xianfei , Zhang Haiyan
Published: December 2024

The detection of quantum entanglement is an essential issue in the theory of quantum information. Recently, an elegant separability criterion to detect the entanglement of arbitrary-dimensional bipartite states is presented in Shi (2024 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
57 075302) by applying the positive operator valued measurements based on the equiangular tight frames (ETFs). Here we derive two enhanced separability criteria for detecting bipartite entanglement in arbitrary-dimensional quantum states using ETFs. Furthermore, we prove that they are not weaker than the criterion proposed in Shi (2024 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
57 075302).
Multimodal modeling and identification study of a quadrotor robot
Authors: Wang Chunyi , Liang Binyan , Fu Tianhua , Zheng Zaiping
Published: December 2024

The flight control system of a flying robot plays a crucial role. Therefore, it is imperative to establish various flight mode control models. Traditional modeling methods face challenges in meeting the demands of rapid research and development due to the emergence of diverse aircraft shapes and load forms. To address these issues, this study focuses on multi-conditions modeling and system identification. Based on flight dynamics theory, a comprehensive quadrotor robot dynamics model along with its state space model was established. Flight tests were designed for system identification under different flight modes. The data obtained from the flight test was preprocessed using an extended Kalman filter algorithm based on flight path reconstruction technology to reduce constant deviation from airborne sensors. Frequency response identification technology was employed to identify control models for hovering mode and forward flight at 10m/s mode in the quadrotor robot. Model structures were determined based on precision index evaluation criteria. Time-domain validation method was utilized to simulate fitting error RMS for each channel model under multiple conditions using different signal excitations derived from datasets collected during experiments. The results confirmed that the proposed aircraft system identification method is effective and feasible.
Research on welding copper components with galvanometer based on the synergy of annular spot laser and mechatronics technology
Authors: Xiong Ligui , Cai Zhaohua , Xiong Hao , Wang Chaofan , Wang Jiwen
Published: December 2024

In modern industrial production, the demand for welding copper components is increasing day by day. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the requirements for welding quality and efficiency are also getting higher and higher. As a new welding method, the collaborative welding technology of annular spot laser and CF150/330 galvanometer has the advantages of high efficiency and precision and is expected to meet the current welding needs of copper components. This study focuses on the efficiency and feasibility of ring-shaped lasers and CF150/330 vibration mirrors. With the help of the ring-shaped light spot laser combined with the CF150/330 vibration mirror, the welding test of four specifications schemes was conducted, and the quality and micro-organizations of welding copper components were conducted through depth evaluation. Under the optimized welding process parameters, the appearance of the weld is smooth and coherent. There is no significant defect. Its width is uniform. The transition from the mother material is natural. As far as micro-organizations are concerned, the weld area presents a small shaft crystal, which is narrowed in the thermal influence area. At the same time, the influence of process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, diameter of light spots, and vibration mirror scanning on welding quality was analyzed in depth. Research conclusions show that such collaborative welding technology has good application prospects and can provide strong support for improving the welding quality and efficiency of copper components.
Prediction of assembly height of tapered roller bearing based on WOA-BP neural network
Authors: Wang Huaxing , Zhao Huadong , An Shaogang
Published: December 2024

To solve the problem of low matching efficiency of inner and outer rings during tapered roller bearing assembly, a BP neural network based on the Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) was constructed. Firstly, the influencing factors of the assembly height of tapered roller bearings are identified and taken as input parameters, and the assembly height is taken as output. Then, the BP neural network is optimized by the WOA algorithm, and the high prediction model of the tapered roller bearing assembly is established. Finally, the real results are compared to the predicted data. We can obtain that the determination coefficient of the assembly height prediction model is 0.9985, and the overall error is less than 0.0051%, which can accurately predict the assembly height of the tapered roller bearing.
An improved grey wolf optimization algorithm based on bounded subpopulation re-search strategy
Authors: Cheng Hua , Zhou Huan , Shen Yue
Published: December 2024

Swarm intelligence optimization algorithms are widely used in solving and optimizing complex problems in various industries due to their simple and effective structure, as well as ease of deployment and implementation. The paper puts forward a new grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm by using bounded grey wolf subpopulation re-search strategy to deal with problems of local optima and low precision in solving complex control, decision-making, and planning problems in intelligent optimization algorithms. Firstly, based on the traditional GWO algorithm model, the intelligent individuals, leadership selection, and location update methods of the basic algorithm are analyzed, and the basic process of grey wolf optimization is established. Secondly, by adopting three strategies including boundary reflection, secondary search, and particle swarm optimization update, a new update model and search mechanism are designed for the GWO algorithm, effectively solving the problem of the gray wolf optimization algorithm being prone to falling into local optima and premature convergence. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are tested through numerical simulation and comparative experiments.
Dynamic event-triggered cooperative tracking algorithm for high-speed vehicles
Authors: Chen Yu , Cai Yuanli , Liu Jiaqi , Deng Yifan , Lu Jing
Published: December 2024

To address the challenges of single-sensor visual limitations and network congestion in tracking high-speed vehicles, a dynamic event-triggered cooperative cubature Kalman filtering algorithm is proposed. Initially, a dynamic event-triggered mechanism is developed based on measurement state information to reduce bandwidth consumption and enhance system responsiveness. Subsequently, within the framework of the cubature Kalman Filter, the covariance matrix and filtering gain matrix for each sensor’s distributed filter are derived using minimum mean square error approximation techniques. Finally, a cooperative filtering algorithm is designed using a weighted average consensus method and applied to tracking of hypersonic glide vehicles. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves higher accuracy compared to existing methods.
Fermions localized on solitons in flat and curved spacetime
Authors: Dzhunushaliev V , Folomeev V , Shnir Ya
Published: December 2024

A brief overview of the fermionic modes localized on topological solitons is presented.
Quantum Reference Frame Transformations, Noncommutative Values of Observables, and Quantum Relativity
Authors: Kong Otto C. W.
Published: December 2024

The subject of quantum reference frame transformations gets popular lately with some interesting new theoretical development partly for the reason that the physics involved is becoming experimentally accessible. The position of a position eigenstate when observed from an object with ‘uncertainty’ in position would be seen with ‘uncertainty’. In fact, even the existence of entanglement is reference frame-dependent. We present an improved formulation of such a transformation and give a novel way to describe exactly by ‘how much’ the ‘value of the position’ has changed which fully encodes all information about the changes, including the ‘uncertainty’ and entanglement. That is an application of the notion of noncommutative values of physical quantities we introduced to understand the reality of quantum physics and beyond. Some implications on fundamental physics will also be discussed. In particular, we suggest thinking about quantum gravity as a theory of general quantum relativity, alleviating Penrose’s notion of incompatibility of qauntum mechanics with the relativity principle.
Self-duality, integrability, topological entanglement and a field theory model of two linked rings
Authors: Taklimi Neda Abbasi , Ferrari Franco , Piàtek Marcin , Tubiana Luca
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the link between the statistical mechanics of polymer systems and field theory, focusing on topologically linked polymer rings in a 4-plat configuration. We derive the partition function and interpret it through the lens of physics of anyons. Using techniques from theory of anyons, we establish the self-duality equations and find solutions that minimize the system’s energy. Under specific conditions, these self-duality equations simplify to the Euclidean sinh-Gordon, cosh-Gordon, or Liouville equations, for which we compute translationally invariant solutions and corresponding polymer densities. Our findings provide new insights into the field-theoretic approach to topologically constrained polymers.
Dirac Theory, Relativistic Fluid Dynamics & Fisher Information
Authors: Yahalom Asher
Published: December 2024

In previous papers we have shown how Schrödinger equations which include an electromagnetic field interaction can be deduced from a fluid dynamical Lagrangian of a charged potential flow that interacts with an electromagnetic field. The quantum behaviour was derived from Fisher information terms which were added to the classical Lagrangian. It was thus shown that a quantum mechanical system is drived by information and not only electromagnetic fields. This program was applied also to Pauli’s equations by removing the restriction of potential flow and using the Clebsch formalism. Although the analysis was quite successful there were still terms that did not admit interpretation, some of them can be easily traced to the relativistic Dirac theory. It is thus suggested to repeat the analysis for a relativistic flow, relating it to the Dirac theory by adding invariant four dimensional Fisher information terms. It is shown that while the classical parts of a classical fluid and a Dirac fluid can be mapped, the Fisher information term of Dirac theory is non-trivial.

L

Quantum

=

L

Classical Fluid

+

L

Fisher Information
Effect of polymer emulsion and calcium sulfate whisker on an-corrosion of cement stone for CO2 multiple gas injection and production wells
Authors: Xin Fubin , Huang Zhiqiang , Huang Hao , Zhang Hao , Liao Wenjing , Xie Jun
Published: December 2024

An oilfield in the South China Sea will be developed by CO2 injection to enhance oil recovery and carbon sequestration. It is challenging to prevent corrosion in the cementing operation of injection wells, and high requirements are put forward for the anti-corrosion performance of cementing slurry. In this paper, aiming at the sealing problem of the cement ring, which is easy to corrode under the condition of stratified gas injection, the rheological properties and thickening properties of cement slurry, as well as the tensile strength, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and porosity permeability of the cement slurry system, are simulated under the condition of an underground field with polymer emulsion and calcium sulfate whiskers as the research objects. Through experimental and theoretical comparison, the results show that the addition of polymer emulsion and calcium sulfate whisker can significantly improve the tensile strength and tensile strength and reduce porosity and permeability, elastic modulus has been controlled below 7.5 GPa, and the performance has been dramatically improved. In addition, according to electron microscope scanning and other experimental methods, it is found that the cement stone cured by cement slurry with polymer emulsion and calcium sulfate whisker is more compact and compact in structure and has higher strength and toughness, which fully meets the requirements of stratified gas injection conditions, providing theoretical basis and data support for the corrosion prevention of cementing cement slurry in oil fields. Promoting the safe and efficient development of oil and gas resources is of great significance.
Finite element assessment of the biomechanical implications of various internal fixation techniques used in lumbar interbody fusion surgeries
Authors: Fei Kaixuan , Nie Wenzhong
Published: December 2024

The use of lumbar interbody fusion along with an internal fixation device is a common procedure for addressing conditions such as herniated lumbar discs and lumbar spondylolisthesis. As there are fewer comparative studies on the posterior lateral approach, this study can provide a reference for a new surgical approach and a more optimized fixation protocol for the patient; hence, the following study is done. Accurate reconstruction of vertebral geometry and simulation of soft tissues enables the simulation of the implant’s positioning and configuration, as well as its impact on the surrounding tissues, throughout the surgical procedure. The fixation stage and intervertebral stresses, the disc stresses in neighboring segments, and the differences in mobility between stages were compared separately in each model. The total lumbar spine activity during forward flexion, backward extension, lateral bending, and twisting was reduced in Groups A, B, C, and D compared to the intact model. In addition, Group A generally had the least range of motion. As a result, patients in Group A had a more stable spine with a lower likelihood of degeneration.
Synchronization of Chen’s chaotic systems based on single sliding mode controller
Authors: Zhao Haibin , Zhao Qunchao , Liu Chong
Published: December 2024

Synchronization of Chen’s chaotic systems with different initial states based on a single sliding mode controller (SMC) is considered in this paper. A single controller is simple and easy to implement in practical applications. A single SMC controller can make the synchronization error signals converge to zero gradually. It can realize synchronization control. The single controller is designed based on SMC theory and the stability analysis is proved using Lyapunov stability theory. Single SMC with saturation constraints is used for synchronization control of Chen’s chaotic systems in this paper. A numerical simulation based on MATLAB software is presented to show the effectiveness of the single SMC controller with saturation constraints.
Research on damage assessment and visualization technology of anti-ship missiles on typical ships
Authors: Liang Zhengang , Liu Yingmiao , Zhang Lei , Lu Jiashu , Guo Xuncheng
Published: December 2024

To improve the damage assessment efficiency of anti-ship weapons, the target vulnerability model of typical ships is introduced, and the damage level is classified into severe and moderate damage according to the functional characteristics of the ships. The damage probability calculation model of typical ships is constructed, and the damage assessment system of anti-ship missiles on typical ships is built based on the Unity3D engine. The system can achieve the parameter input of the anti-ship missile, the calculation of the damage probability of the anti-ship missile on typical ships, and the visualization of the damaging effect. For an example of an anti-ship missile analysis, the system visualizes the damage effect of the anti-ship missile on a typical ship, sets the combat tribal speed to 1, 450 m/s and CEP to 10 m, and calculates the damage probability of the anti-ship missile on a typical ship at three different aiming points under the conditions of the bullet-eye meeting with the direction angle of the scattering of fragments of 90° and the angle of fall of 20°. The results show that aiming point 2 has the highest probability of destroying the ship. The designed system is functionally complete and can provide support for the damage assessment of typical ships by anti-ship missiles, and the idea of system development can provide a reference for the design of damage assessment software.
Numerical simulation of shock initiation characteristics of fusion detonators
Authors: Song Xiaoyu , Guo Wenfeng , Xin Feng , Liu Xudong , Zhang Zelin
Published: December 2024

To provide an economic and safe destruction program, this paper is based on the jet detonation method of poly energy charge structure design. The use of simulation software is to establish the diameter of the 40 mm polymer charge physical model, and the combat structure model is used for the invasion and detonation simulation calculations. The results show that the theoretical calculations and simulations are in good agreement and the structure can penetrate the 40 mm thick 50SiMnVB shell, to observe the shock wave in the shielding cover and shielding explosives between the transmission process, finding that the thickness of the shell affects the impact detonation mechanism.
The physics of sheep – from phase transitions to collective motion
Authors: Ball Philip
Published: December 2024

Philip Ball delves into the dynamics of how flocks of sheep move together and the surprising physics behind the collective motion of animals.
Bernard of Clairvaux and the Fragmentation of Charity
Authors: Teubner Jonathan D
Published: December 2024

Chapter 6 turns to the application of Benedict’s Rule in the hands of the most representative of the Benedictine tradition: Bernard of Clairvaux. Framed by Bernard’s last major work De consideratione, a work of counsel dedicated to his one-time pupil Pope Eugenius III, this chapter presents Bernard as attempting to pull together an Augustinian portrait of Paul, Benedictine abbatial authority, and the example of Gregory to craft his pastoral theory and advice on balancing the “active” and “contemplative” lives. As in Gregory, Bernard holds that the caritas of one who rules over others should be guided by the desire to be of service to them and to promote their salvation. However, the chapter shows how Bernard delineates this variety of charity as distinct from the higher level of charity, the pure love of God (amor dei). This distinction informs Bernard’s controversial Liber ad milites temple de laude novae militae, where he imagines a Benedictine-informed rite for going to war.
Epilogue
Authors: Teubner Jonathan D
Published: December 2024

In the Epilogue, the reader is returned to the author’s original motivation for exploring the ways in which beliefs about and commitments to a love-ethic have given rise to concrete practices of charity, and the way in which those practices have promoted, prevented, or destroyed an expandable solidarity. The chapter explores the connection between the practices of charity and prayer through critical engagement with Jean Daniélou’s Prayer as a Political Problem. Summarizing the argument of the book as a whole, the chapter proposes to re-center in theological practice questions about how some idea might be translated into action or implemented by a leader, for the implementation of the idea is intrinsic to the idea, not some external, secondary concern.
Does the Osman Test Go to School? Recent Developments Concerning States’ Positive Obligations to Protect Children in School
Authors: Leisure Patrick
Published: December 2024

In light of the recent Biba v Albania case, this article takes a closer look at states' positive obligations to protect children in school. It tracks a distinct divergence in judicial preference for how positive obligations apply in the school context and illustrates how the Strasbourg Court has inconsistently invoked and applied the Osman test in schooling cases. Recommending that the Strasbourg Court clarify in future case-law the Court's positive obligations doctrine on states to protect children in school, the article concludes with a reflection and a recommendation, based on Judge Tulkens' concurrence in Kayak v Turkey, regarding the Strasbourg Court's role in this important area.
The Magico-Juridical Hypothesis
Authors: Alvarez-Nakagawa Alexis
Published: December 2024

Is there such a thing as a ‘magico-juridical’ phenomenon, designating a threshold of indistinction between magic and law—that is, a phenomenon similar to the concept of the ‘magico-religious’? What prevents us from considering these two terms in relation? What do legal theory and religious studies gain by thinking in this way? Does this construction speak to our political and juridical order? Does it say anything about modernity and secularization? This article addresses some of these questions. It overviews part of the scholarship—from the early works of Marcel Mauss and Paul Huvelin to the most recent writings of Giorgio Agamben—and spotlights a critical realization: magic does not belong to a ‘primitive’ stage that law has overcome, but remains an inherent aspect of its current existence.
O010 Sleep duration and timing predict next-day exercise likelihood and duration: an analysis of 6-million person-nights
Authors: Leota J , Le F , Presby D , Czeisler M , Scott H , Capodilupo E , Drummond S , Rajaratnam S , Facer-Childs E
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Sleep and exercise are pillars of health. However, the temporal dynamics between these two behaviours remain poorly understood. This study examined the independent between- and within-person associations of sleep duration and onset on next-day exercise likelihood and duration in a large, longitudinal sample of adults under free-living conditions.

Methods

Participants (N=19,977; 6,593,237 person-nights) wore a validated wrist-worn biometric device (WHOOP Strap) for one year. Objective sleep metrics were derived from the wrist-worn device and exercises were logged on a smartphone application. We fit generalized additive mixed models to assess the between- and within-person associations between sleep and exercise variables, adjusted for age, gender, weekday, seasonal effects, biometric feedback, and autocorrelated errors.

Results

At the between-person level, longer average sleep duration and later average sleep onset were each independently associated with reduced exercise likelihood and duration (ps<.001). At the within-person level, sleeping 1 to 1.75 fewer hours and going to sleep 2 to 2.5 hours earlier than usual were each independently associated with increased next-day exercise likelihood and duration (ps<.001). However, further sleep loss and earlier sleep onset advance predicted worse next-day exercise outcomes. Sleeping longer and going to sleep later than usual were negatively associated with next-day exercise (ps<.001).

Discussion

Together, our findings indicate that contrary to symbiotic models of sleep and exercise, individuals may sacrifice time in one health behaviour for time in the other. Interventions aimed at promoting exercise adherence should carefully consider the temporal dynamics between the duration and timing of sleep and next-day exercise outcomes.
O012 Do healthy sleepers demonstrate sleep-wake state discrepancy?
Authors: Bensen-Boakes D , Dunbar C , Lovato N , Nguyen K , Bickley K , Nguyen D , Reynolds A , Lack L , Catcheside P , Cori J , Howard M , Anderson C , Stevens D , Guyett A , Paterson J , Montero A , Stuart N , Pinilla L , Vakulin A
Published: December 2024

Sleep-wake state discrepancy is a common phenomenon for individuals with insomnia, where an individual self-reports worse sleep parameter values than observed in polysomnography-derived values. However, this presumes there is no systematic bias in polysomnography-derived versus self-report sleep estimates in healthy individuals, which may not be true. This study aimed to test for potential bias in sleep-wake state discrepancy in a group of healthy individuals (N=49, aged 33.9±14.1 years) who underwent in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) and completed a concurrent self-reported sleep diary. Healthy individuals demonstrated sleep-wake state discrepancy for multiple sleep parameters, reflected as ‘better’ self-reported sleep values than PSG-derived. For total sleep time (TST), there was a significant difference (of 51.3 minutes, p <.001.) between the sleep diary reported TST (495.8±50.1) and the PSG-derived TST (M=444.5±62.6). Similar findings were also found for wake after sleep onset (diary: M=27.1±34.2, PSG: M=94.9±62.9, p <.001), sleep efficiency (diary: M=90.6%±8.7, PSG: M=75.2%±11.9, p <.001), and sleep onset latency (diary: M=27.4±22.2, PSG: M=53.7±38.0, p <.001). These observations in healthy sleepers are in the opposite direction usually observed in individuals with insomnia. These findings help inform the premise that self-reporting worse sleep parameters than PSG-derived is not a typical phenomenon in healthy individuals; it may be unique to individuals with sleep disorders (i.e., insomnia) and therefore warrants appropriate detection and treatment. Continued research in establishing age/gender-appropriate cut-off levels of healthy sleep-wake state discrepancy in the general population is needed to facilitate more effective detection and treatment of clinically meaningful sleep-wake state discrepancy in those with sleep disorders.
O030 Impact of lemborexant on daytime sleepiness/alertness in participants with comorbid insomnia and mild obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Moline M , Gardiner F , Kumar D , Cheng J , Boulos M
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Comorbid insomnia with obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA) is associated with daytime functioning and cognitive impairments. Some sleep-promoting medications cause residual morning sleepiness, potentially exacerbating daytime impairment. This post-hoc analysis assessed the impact of lemborexant (LEM), a competitive dual orexin-receptor antagonist approved to treat insomnia in adults, on morning sleepiness/alertness in participants with COMISA.

Methods

Data from a subgroup of adults (≥55 years) with comorbid insomnia and mild OSA (apnea-hypopnea-index, 5 to ≤15 events/h) from Study E2006-G000-304 (NCT02783729), a 1-month, randomized study, were analyzed (N=410). Participants received placebo (PBO), LEM 5mg (LEM5), LEM 10mg (LEM10), or zolpidem tartrate 6.25mg (not reported). A daily sleep diary assessed morning sleepiness/alertness rated from 1 (extremely sleepy) to 9 (extremely alert). The percentage of participants shifting from baseline mild/moderate sleepiness (≤3) towards greater alertness (4, 5, or >5) during the first and last 7 mornings of the study was analyzed.

Results

At baseline, 17/75 (22.7%), 36/112 (32.1%), and 28/104 (26.9%) participants with COMISA receiving PBO, LEM5, or LEM10, respectively, reported mild/moderate sleepiness. Of these participants, a greater percentage shifted from mild/moderate sleepiness towards alertness with LEM5 (66.7%, 82.9%) and LEM10 (64.3%, 75.0%) versus PBO (47.1%, 64.7%) across the first and last 7 mornings, respectively.

Discussion

The sample size was too small to detect statistical differences; however, a greater percentage of participants with COMISA experienced improvements in morning sleepiness across the treatment period with LEM versus PBO. These data align with previous findings that LEM does not affect tasks requiring morning alertness.