bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kavşaklarda Trafik Işık Optimizasyonu: Ankara İli’nde Bir Uygulama
Authors: İnağ Tuğçe , Arıkan Murat
Published: May 2024

Giderek artan nüfus ve nüfusa bağlı artan araç sayısı trafik sıkışıklığını önemli bir sorun haline getirmektedir. Trafik sıkışıklığının en yaygın olduğu yerlerden biri kavşaklardır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, yüksek yoğunluklu trafiğin gözlemlendiği ve araç kuyruklarının oluştuğu Polatlı Refik Cesur kavşağındaki trafik ışık yönetimini iyileştirmektir. Hedeflere ulaşmak için, trafik ışığı döngüsünün en uygun değerini belirleyerek araçların ortalama gecikme süresini en aza indirmek amacıyla Webster ve Modifiye Webster tabanlı Karınca Kolonisi algoritması (KKA) ile birlikte simülasyon tabanlı bir çözüm yaklaşımı önerilmiştir. Uygulamada SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility) simülasyon platformu kullanılmıştır. Hesaplama sonuçları, gecikme süresinin mevcut duruma göre, Webster tabanlı KKA ve Modifiye Webster tabanlı KKA yöntemleri ile ortalama bekleme süresi değerlerini sırasıyla %32 ve %42 oranlarında azaltığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, devre süresinin ve yeşil ışık sürelerinin daha iyi yönetilmesi, trafik sıkışıklığını ve araç ortalama bekleme sürelerini azaltmakta ve trafik akışının düzelmesini sağlamaktadır.
Intranasal Tooth in a Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate: Case Report
Authors: Kharraz Soufiane , Benkarroum Fatma Zahra , Nawfal Fejjal , Chhoul Hakima
Published: May 2024

A rare form of ectopic teeth is the nasal tooth. This is a very rare clinical phenomenon. A clear etiology was not suspected in most of the reported cases. However, many etiologies have been identified, including maxillary osteomyelitis, dental trauma, nasal infections, development of defects such as cleft palate, and genetic factors. It can cause a variety of problems, like nasal obstruction, chronic rhinorrhea, and voice disturbances. Surgical removal of the tooth has been suggested as a treatment to reduce symptoms and prevent further complications.
Pengembangan Modul Ajar Kinematika Gerak Lurus Berbasis Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar
Authors: Madani Nofia , Sirait Judyanto , Oktavianty Erwina
Published: May 2024

This research is based on changes in the curriculum from the 2013 Curriculum to the Merdeka Curriculum, so that there are adjustments to teaching tools in the form of teaching modules by applying the principle of differentiated learning. Therefore, this study aims to develop a linear motion kinematics teaching module based on differentiation learning for class XI in the Merdeka curriculum. The model used to develop teaching modules is ADDIE (analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate) which in this study was carried out only up to the develop stage. In the analyze stage, there is an analysis of the teacher's performance and an analysis of the needs of the students as well as the results of the students' initial assessment. At the design stage, it includes activities for compiling learning objectives and learning objectives flow, selecting suitable learning strategies and creating teaching module storyboards. The results of the storyboard will be executed at the develop stage so that it becomes a complete teaching module. After that, the teaching module is validated by expert validators. Based on the validation results, an average validation percentage of 87.5% was obtained with very decent criteria. Therefore, the teaching modules developed are feasible to be implemented to students
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS GAMIFICATION TERHADAP KEEFEKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA MATERI IPAS
Authors: A'yun Dya Qurotul , Mardiyana Isna Ida , Haryemi Ifa
Published: May 2024

Kemajuan dunia teknologi yang mendunia telah berpengaruh terhadap segala aspek kehidupan baik di bidang ekonomi, politik, kebudayaan, dan bahkan di dunia pendidikan. Guru perlu memahami bagaimana cara siswanya belajar dan mencarikan cara terbaik dengan memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi. Gamification merupakan salah satu dari perkembangan teknologi yang bisa dimanfaatkan dalam pembelajaran. Proses pembelajaran tentu saja tidak dapat terlepas dari pemanfaatan bahan ajar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kefektifan pemanfaatan teknologi gamification. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model 4-D yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, untuk mengetahui keefektifan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan tes hasil belajar. Berdasarkan tes hasil belajar dilanjutkan dengan melaksanakan pengolahan data dan dianalisis dengan kriteria maka diperoleh nilai 82,68% dengan kriteria sangat efektif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis gamification sangat efektif terhadap hasil belajar siswa.Kata Kunci: gamification, keefektifan, pengembangan
Increasing Teacher’s Ability to Develop Teaching and Learning Material Based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
Authors: Winarti Winarti
Published: May 2024

Learning with teaching material based on higher-order thinking skill could improve the learners’ understanding. This community service research provides training and mentorship for physics educators to compose innovative physics teaching materials. Twenty educators from Islamic Senior High Schools joined the community service activity. The success of the activity was observable on the educators while mentoring the teaching material preparation. The educators have high interest on the activities. They had the same objectives in the activity to create innovative teaching materials. Thus, the students while learning physics had high learning motivation. Generally, the program implementation remained within the activity orders, the workshop and training to develop teaching materials and HOTS-based assessment. The developed teaching material made the teachers enthusiastic to develop the HOTS-based teaching material. The products consisted of three HOTS-based modules, one book, one HOTS-based assessment, and three copyrighted works of the teachers.
Legal regulation of the activities of cooperative societies in Eastern Galicia in the interwar period at the beginning of the ХХ century
Authors: Tserkovnyk S. I.
Published: May 2024

Based on archival materials, legislative acts, and studies of contemporaries, the article attempts to highlight the role of legal regulation in the formation and development of the cooperative movement in the region. The study helps to better understand the complex interaction between political authorities and public initiatives in the context of socio-economic transformations of the interwar period in Eastern Galicia. The problem of legal regulation of the activities of cooperative societies in Eastern Galicia in the early twentieth century, in particular in the interwar period, is relevant and important for understanding the socio-economic processes of that time. A study of this issue will allow us to better understand the role and impact of the cooperative movement on the development of economic sectors and the lives of the local population. This article examines the legal environment in which cooperative societies operated in Eastern Galicia in the interwar period. The article analyses the legal acts regulating the status, rights and obligations of cooperative organisations and assesses their effectiveness and impact on the development of the cooperative movement (the Trade Law, the Law on Companies, the Ministry of Internal Affairs’ Order). However, the legal regulation of the activities of cooperative societies during this period remains poorly understood, especially in terms of their impact on community development and economic well-being of the region. The development of the Ukrainian cooperative movement in the nineteenth century coincided with the beginning of the capitalist industrialisation of Ukrainian lands. The Austrian government took this movement seriously, which was reflected in a large number of legislative initiatives of the Austrian Reichsrat. The government adopted various legal acts aimed at regulating the activities of voluntary associations, organisations and societies. Coverage of this topic will help to understand the mechanisms of functioning of cooperatives in the fields of production, trade and services, as well as their interaction with government agencies and other sectors of the economy. Further research on this topic could serve as a basis for developing recommendations for improving the legal environment for the development of the cooperative sector in modern Ukraine.
Constitutional and legal responsibility of subjects of the election process: general principles
Authors: Vyshnevska M. M.
Published: May 2024

The scientific article examines and analyzes the general principles of the constitutional and legal responsibility of the subjects of the election process.
It has been established that legal responsibility in constitutional law means social and public legal responsibility for violation of the current constitutional legislation of Ukraine. This responsibility can be both direct, the types and extent of which are established by the constitutional legislation of Ukraine (constitutional-legal responsibility), and indirect, the types and extent of which are determined by other branches of Ukrainian law.
It was determined that the normative basis of constitutional and legal responsibility is the establishment of actual illegal actions in constitutional and legislative acts that cause constitutional and legal responsibility. The actual basis for the emergence of constitutional-legal responsibility is a constitutional offense committed by the subject of constitutional-legal relations. The procedural basis for the emergence of constitutional liability is a decision made by the relevant body (official) regarding a constitutional offense.
It is emphasized that the constitutional and legal responsibility of the subjects of the election process ensures the correct course of elections and compliance with democratic principles, and also guarantees that the elections are held openly, honestly and taking into account the rights and interests of all citizens. Its legislative regulation and optimal practical application is critical for ensuring democracy, legitimacy and stability of government, as it includes compliance with constitutional norms, protection of voters’ rights, ensuring the honesty and transparency of the electoral process and protection of the constitutional order in the country.
In summary, when analyzing the essence of the constitutional and legal responsibility of the subjects of the election process, it should be taken into account that the basis for this responsibility is their constitutional and legal nature and status. Constitutional and legal responsibility for violation of election legislation has a significant political color, as it is determined by the subject’s participation in election processes that relate to the organization of elections and their conduct; determination of who should exercise state power; covers the interaction between the state and citizens and reflects the desire of subjects to achieve power and influence on the formation of general decisions of the state, including their leading role in this process.
The genesis of human rights
Authors: Lynnyk V. P. , Kostenko I. V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the influence of different generations on the formation and development of human rights in contemporary society. The author systematically analyzes the evolution of the concept of human rights in the context of changing needs and values of different epochs. Through the prism of historical events and cultural changes, the article explores the impact of generations on the formation of legal norms and their interpretation.
The author explores how contemporary technological and social changes affect the understanding and protection of human rights. Specifically, the article analyzes the influence of the digital revolution, globalization, and internet development on the concept of human rights. It also considers the importance of intergenerational role shifting in shaping legal norms and their impact on societal development.
The study in the article reveals a wide range of aspects related to the perception and protection of human rights in various cultural, political, and historical contexts. The author meticulously analyzes different epochs in the history of human rights and their influence on the modern world, demonstrating how these values transform and adapt from generation to generation.
Overall, the article provides a deep understanding of the process of formation and development of human rights, taking into account the diverse factors that influence this process in the modern world. It opens a discussion on the necessity of considering the specificity of different generations in formulating legal norms and strategies for protecting human rights in the future.
Regarding the relevance of banning regular parliamentary elections in Ukraine during martial law
Authors: Monastyrskyi M. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the controversial issue in Ukraine of the legislative ban on regular parliamentary elections during the period of the special legal regime of martial law. The content of this discussion is disclosed.
In order to confirm or refute the hypothesis about the fallacy of the legislative ban on holding regular parliamentary elections in Ukraine under martial law, the international experience of the COVID-19 pandemic was studied. This is a new international experience for this discussion. It was found out that in the conditions of an emergency situation of threats to the lives of citizens during this global epidemic, the states did not prohibit the holding of elections, but on the contrary, held these elections or postponed the date of these elections, postponed the holding of these elections, etc. From which it was concluded that in international legal practice, the concept of banning elections and the concept of postponement of elections are not the same: a legislative ban on elections is a legislative ban on elections, and the postponement of the planned election date is not a legislative ban on elections.
In view of this conclusion, clarification of the subject of this discussion is proposed. It is noted that this discussion is currently being conducted between whether or not the Constitution of Ukraine prohibits the holding of regular parliamentary elections under martial law. And from the point of view of the experience of the pandemic-2020, this discussion should be legally accurate between the banning of these elections and the postponement of these elections in the Constitution of Ukraine. The importance of this clarification for the resolution of this debate, as well as for the legislative provision of the future post-war parliamentary elections, is emphasized.
A significant difference in the legislative support for these upcoming parliamentary elections was revealed, depending on whether the regular parliamentary elections were prohibited by the Constitution of Ukraine during martial law, or not prohibited, but postponed. Each of these options has been analyzed. It has been clarified that in the event of the postponement of the regular parliamentary elections during the period of martial law, the future first post-war parliamentary elections will be the same regular elections of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the tenth convocation, which should have been held on October 29, 2023. And in the case of a ban on holding these elections under during martial law, there is legal uncertainty regarding the type of these first parliamentary elections after martial law: they will be neither regular nor extraordinary, but they will be unknown.
As a conclusion, the importance of continuing this debate around the newly refined dilemma between the banning of these elections and the postponement of these elections is stated. The importance of continuing to study relevant international experience is especially emphasized.
Study of the concept of «information security»
Authors: Honcharov M. V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the essence of the legal nature of information security in accordance with current legislation. The analysis of scientific sources revealed that the legal nature of information security in general and at the elemental level is characterized by scientificity, systematicity and has many aspects. The study of the integral concept of «information security» requires the application of a complex approach to understanding the meaning (semasiology) of each term that forms it («information and security»). At the same time, it should be noted that the term «information» is not used as a system- forming component, but is used to denote the qualitative characteristics of the basic element, i.e. the category «security», which reveals the industry direction and content of measures, and creates a corresponding field of regulatory and legal regulation.
In order to understand the objective content of the integral concept of «information security», we will use the possibilities of separate methodological tools (mainly, analysis, synthesis, etc.), which will contribute to the study of deep dialectical connections between the defined categories that form it.
Attention is focused on the main tasks of the state information policy and the goal of the policy of ensuring information security of Ukraine is clarified, which is the formation of an open information society as a space of an integral state, integrating into the global information space, taking into account national characteristics and interests while ensuring information security at the domestic and international levels.
The state policy of ensuring information security should be based on scientific and methodological developments, systematized and combined into a single concept. It can be presented as a set of national goals, interests and values; strategies and tactics of management decisions and methods of their implementation, which are developed and implemented by the state authorities.
Regulation of civil legal relations according to the Salic truth
Authors: Hutiv B. I.
Published: May 2024

The presented article is devoted to the analysis of the norms of the Salic Law which regulated civil legal relations of the Frankish society.
The article notes that the Salic Law is a collection that was primarily devoted to the rules of criminal law and criminal procedure. Less attention was paid to the norms of civil law. This was due to the fact that the agricultural economy was not organized on a contractual basis. However, despite this, it contained rules that regulated property rights, obligations, marriage and family law, and inheritance law.
The author has established that the Salic Law does not have a clear definition of property. The Franks retained communal ownership of land for a long time, as the rural neighborhood community, the marka, continued to exist despite the formation of the state.
It is noted that at the end of the sixth century, the Franks formed a «full allod» – freely alienable land property, which was allowed to be freely given, transferred and bequeathed, including to women. A movable property was owned by families or individuals and could also be freely alienated and inherited. Based on the analysis of the norms of the Salic Law, the author found that the law of obligations was the least developed. There were such types of contracts as sale and purchase, exchange, gift, and loan.
For a contract to be valid, in addition to the consent of the parties, it was necessary to observe various rites.
As for marriage and family law, the article states that a legal marriage could be concluded between an adult free man and an adult free woman (no minimum age was set), subject to the consent of their relatives and provided that both parties were not bound by prohibited ties of kinship. Marriage was concluded through the purchase of a wife, i.e. power over her, from the person who had previously exercised this power over her. The grounds for invalidating a marriage were also defined.
The author also analyzes the order of inheritance according to the Salic Law. It is established that the heirs in descending order were: children (and their descendants); mother and father; brothers and sisters; father’s sisters; mother’s sisters; father’s relatives (up to the sixth generation). Allodial land was а family land, it could not be inherited by females.
Recognition of a person as missing or declaring them dead in court procedure: separate aspects
Authors: Skrypnyk V. L. , Slobodyanik T. M.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of recognizing a person as missing or declaring him dead in court. In particular, the issue of courts leaving applications in this category of cases without movement or refusing to grant such applications due to the non-compliance of the applications with the established requirements of the law was investigated.
For this purpose, it was established that in accordance with part 1 of Article 46 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, a natural person may be recognized by the court as missing if there is no information about his whereabouts during one year at his place of permanent residence.
According to part 1 of Article 46 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, a natural person can be declared dead by a court if there is no information about his whereabouts for three years at his place of permanent residence, and if he went missing under circumstances that threatened him with death or give reason to assume her death from a certain accident – within six months, and if it is possible to consider a natural person as having died from a certain accident or other circumstances as a result of man-made and natural emergencies – within one month after the completion of the work of a special commission formed as a result of man-made and natural emergencies character. According to Part 2 of Art. 46 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, a natural person who went missing in connection with hostilities, an armed conflict, may be declared dead by a court after the expiration of two years from the date of the end of hostilities. Taking into account the specific circumstances of the case, the court may declare a natural person dead even before the expiration of this term, but not before the expiration of six months.
It was determined that Article 306 of the Code of Civil Procedure defines the requirements for the content of statements about recognizing a natural person as missing or declaring him dead.
According to the results of the analysis of legislation and judicial practice, the necessity of making changes to the norm that defines the content of the statement on recognizing a person as missing or declaring him dead is substantiated, and the revision of such a norm is proposed.
The static and dynamic effects of oil rent on competitiveness: Application to the case of Saudi Arabia during the period 1970–2022
Authors: Alobaid Hussain Mohammed , Fakhri Issaoui
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we explore the static and dynamic effects of oil rent on competitiveness in Saudi Arabia’s economy during the period 1970–2022. In addition, we examined the short-run, strong and long-run relationships between exports and industry, inflation, energy use (oil rents) and agriculture using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach developed. The analysis showed that government spending will contribute to enhancing the competitive environment with a difference of one year. Moreover, the industry will contribute to increasing competitiveness for a positive relationship in the long term. The results stated that there is an insignificant relationship between competitiveness, inflation, and oil rents. The analysis also shows that inflation has a negative impact with statistical significance in the short term. In addition, the error correction model (ECM) coefficient is negative and has statistical significance at 0.76 at a 1% significant level, which indicates the existence of an error correction mechanism and thus the existence of a long-term relationship between the variables.
Determinants of the success of participatory budgets in Poland
Authors: Adamczyk Adam , Dawidowicz Dawid , Prokopiou Stella , Sirakoulis Kleanthis
Published: May 2024

The present paper aims to determine what factors affect the success of participatory budgets in Polish cities and what factors affect the size of these budgets. The study covered all 66 cities with powiat rights from 2016 to 2021. A panel data model was used. The first research hypothesis states that the success of participatory budgeting depends on the economic condition of the cities implementing it. The second one states that the success of participatory budgeting depends on the characteristics of the LGUs’ residents. The first hypothesis was confirmed, while the second was partially confirmed. Analyzing four different models with different explanatory variables, it was found that the statistically significant explanatory variables were population, material situation, demographic structure measures, and residents’ economic situation.
PEMBERDAYAAN KADER POSYANDU UNTUK MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEJADIAN STUNTING
Authors: Widhidewi N.W. , Paramasatiari A.A.A.L. , Apsari P.I.B. , Suriati L. , Sutisna P.
Published: May 2024

Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi gagal tumbuh yang sebagai akibat dari kekurangan gizi kronis pada balita, yang mengakibatkan anak terlalu pendek untuk usianya. Stunting masih menjadi salah satu fokus permasalahan kesehatan bagi pemerintah Indonesia. Walaupun data Riskesdas telah menunjukkan turunnya prevalensi stunting di Indonesia dari 37,2% di tahun 2013 menjadi 30,8% di tahun 2018, namun berbagai upaya pencegahan tetap perlu disosialisasikan. Di Bali sendiri angka kejadian stunting tahun 2018 sebesar 21,9%. Di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukawati II saat ini terdapat 49 kasus balita stunting (2,23%). Mitra kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 10 orang kader posyandu dari 3 banjar yang berada di Desa Singapadu Kaler, Kecamatan Sukawati, Kabupaten Gianyar. Tiga banjar tersebut mencakup Banjar Kederi, Silakarang dan Samu. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan kader posyandu terkait upaya pencegahan stunting, termasuk juga teknik pengolahan bahan pangan yang tepat untuk menjaga kandungan nutrisinya. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan dalam bentuk penyampaian materi dengan slide power point dan video, serta penyerahan bantuan berupa satu buah thermogun dan wastafel portabel untuk tiap banjar. Hasil post-test menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan rata-rata mitra meningkat sebesar 21% dibandingkan nilai pre-test. Para kader posyandu diharapkan dapat mengedukasi ibu hamil serta orangtua yang memiliki anak balita terkait stunting dan praktik pencegahannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.
Kata kunci: Stunting, kader, posyandu, pengabdian
Modern development of the digital economy, opportunities and threats: An analysis of China's experience
Authors: ZAINULLIN Sergei B.
Published: May 2024

Subject. This article explores the role of digital technologies in ensuring economic growth and improving the quality of life.
Objectives. The article aims to assess China's achievements and prospects in the development of the digital economy, and analyze and discuss cybersecurity issues.
Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific research methods.
Results. The article finds that China's success in the field of digitalization can be explained by a systematic approach to the development of information technologies, and the development of strategies for creating a new economy. Artificial intelligence has a positive and significant impact on economic growth.
Conclusions. The development of the modern economy requires solving the problems of digital inequality and information protection.
The Rise of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Authors: James Young
Published: May 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force, reshaping the landscape of many sectors at an unprecedented pace. This shift features the integration of intelligent machines, capable of learning, reasoning, and problem-solving, into diverse domains. The concept of AI encompasses a range of technologies, including machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision, collectively contributing to its increasing prevalence.
The integration of artificial intelligence into education heralds a transformative era, redefining traditional teaching paradigms and learning experiences. AI's potential impact on education is multifaceted, encompassing personalized learning, intelligent tutoring systems, and data-driven insights. As AI technologies evolve, educators and learners alike are poised to benefit from adaptive and responsive educational environments. The intersection of AI and education holds the promise of fostering a dynamic, technology-infused learning landscape for the generations to come.
The Moderating Role of Farming Systems in Market Participation and Value Creation for Medium and Smallholder Farmers in Rural Uganda
Authors: Kenneth Olido  , Jackline Lesley Kitongo  , Godfrey Moses Owot  , Deogratias Mugaria  , Patrick Ocaya  , Felix Odyomo  , Judith Awachorach  , Florence Aleni
Published: May 2024

The study investigated the moderating role of farming systems in the association between market participation and value creation, targeting medium and smallholder farmers in Uganda, particularly in two districts in northern Uganda, Nwoya and Amuru. A sample size of 385 respondents consisting of medium and smallholder farmers involved in farm operations was calculated. The surveyed participants were selected using simple random sampling, while key informants were selected with a purposive sampling technique. Quantitative data obtained were coded and entered into SPSS version 25.0 statistical package computer software. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine factor loading for the items examined. SPSS PROCESS MACRO v4.2 by Andrew F. Hayes was used to assess the moderation effect. There is a significant strong positive association of market participation and farming system with value creation (r = .861**, p < .01) and (r = .753**, p < .01), respectively. Secondly, market participation and the farming system significantly affect value creation (p<.05), and thirdly, the farming system moderated the effect of market participation on value creation. Policies and programs focusing on improving market access and market information dissemination should be implemented to benefit farmers significantly. Initiatives that promote sustainable and innovative agricultural practices should be encouraged to enhance value creation. A comprehensive approach that combines market participation and a farming system should be implemented to improve value creation. Enhancing farming systems by improving infrastructure, providing necessary support, and aligning farming practices with market demands can significantly impact the value of smallholder farmers' capabilities.
The Influence of Project Monitoring Process on the Performance of Technical Vocational Educational and Training Institution’s Construction in Kenya
Authors: Geoffrey Gichurumutulili  , Dr. Jane W. Gathenya  , Dr. Muchelule Yusuf Wanjala
Published: May 2024

This study aimed to investigate the influence of project monitoring processes on the performance of TVET Institution's construction in Kenya. This study adopted a descriptive design with a target population of 146 and a sample size of 107 of TVET Institution's Construction. Data collection instrument was questionnaire. The quantitative data were analysed using inferential analysis. From the findings, the project planning process (β = 19.062, p< 0.05) was found to be positively significant to the performance of TVET Institution's construction in Kenya. The study recommends that various aspects that contribute to monitoring Processes and enhancing the performance of construction projects are monitoring project variations, monitoring project progress, resource tracking and use of monitoring tools and techniques.
Impact of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression on Chronic Kidney Disease and its Effects on Quality of Life
Authors: Roy Shata Rupa , Ishrar S. M. G. , Caleerappa Ravishankar , Reddy V. Badarinath , Chenna Nandini , Chapiri Dhana Lakshmi
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and examine their impact on quality of life (QOL).

Material and Methods:

The study conducted at KIMS-Saveera in Anantapur focused on 400 individuals diagnosed with CKD. To gather information, an online survey using Google Forms was employed. This survey included questions about health, as well as assessments using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 to understand mental well-being and the kidney-related QOL scale to evaluate the QOL related to kidney disease.

Results:

The survey revealed that 300 males and 100 females participated in the study, and most of the participants had moderate levels of depression (41.3), anxiety (37.5), and stress (31.7). Notably, a significant negative correlation was observed between age and psychological health (PHC) (r = −0.198, n = 400, P = 0.004).

Conclusion:

This study revealed that stress, anxiety, and depression moderately impact the QOL for CKD patients. The findings underscore the importance of considering mental health factors in the overall care of individuals and emphasizing a holistic approach to address both physical and emotional well-being.
Insights into the mechanisms of optical cavity-modified ground-state chemical reactions
Authors: Ke Yaling , Richardson Jeremy
Published: May 2024

In this work, we systematically investigate the mechanisms underlying the rate modification of ground-state chemical reactions in an optical cavity under vibrational strong-coupling conditions. We employ a symmetric double-well description of the molecular potential energy surface and a numerically exact open quantum system approach — the hierarchical equations of motion in twin space with a matrix product state solver. Our results predict the existence of multiple peaks in the photon frequency-dependent rate profile for a strongly anharmonic molecular system with multiple vibrational transition energies. The emergence of a new peak in the rate profile is attributed to the opening of an intramolecular reaction pathway, energetically fuelled by the cavity photon bath through a resonant cavity mode. The peak intensity is determined jointly by kinetic factors. Going beyond the single-molecule limit, we examine the effects of the collective coupling of two molecules to the cavity. We find that when two identical molecules are simultaneously coupled to the same resonant cavity mode, the reaction rate is further increased. This additional increase is associated with the activation of a cavity-induced intermolecular reaction channel. Furthermore, the rate modification due to these cavity-promoted reaction pathways remains unaffected, regardless of whether the molecular dipole moments are aligned in the same or opposite direction as the light polarization.
ASSESTMENT OF CARBON (II) OXIDE IN RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL AREAS OF KADUNA METROPOLIS
Authors: Duniya Emmanuel Kambai
Published: May 2024

Abstract This study focuses on measuring carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations in the air at selected traffic junctions and industrial areas in Kaduna metropolis using a portable digital gas detector. The weekly mean CO concentrations for morning and evening periods in three industrial areas were found to exceed the Nigeria Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) and World Health Organization (WHO) set limits of 10ppm and 9ppm, respectively. Specifically, concentrations at Nigerian Brewery Environs were 56% higher than the WHO limit, while those at Refinery Junction Environs and Nigerian Bottling Company Environs were 36% and 22% higher, respectively. This indicates significant exposure of individuals in these environments to this harmful gas on a daily basis. High levels of CO are known to adversely affect the central nervous system (CNS) and can lead to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, cognitive difficulties, and lack of concentration. Additionally, ambient exposure during pregnancy can negatively impact fetal growth, leading to low birth weight and other neonatal abnormalities. CO also reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the body's organs and tissues, including the heart and brain.
A spectroscopic and computational evaluation of uranyl oxo engagement with transition metal cations
Authors: Brager Dominique , Panchal Ahan , Cahill Christopher
Published: May 2024

We report the synthesis and characterization of five novel Cd2+/UO¬22+ heterometallic complexes that feature Cd-oxo distances ranging from 78% to 171% of the sum of the van der Waals radii for these atoms. This work marks an extension of our previously reported Pb2+/UO22+ and Ag+/UO22+ complexes, yet with much more pronounced structural and spectroscopic effects resulting from Cd-oxo interactions. We observe a major shift in the U=O symmetric stretch and significant uranyl bond length asymmetry. The ρbcp¬ values calculated using Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) support the asymmetry displayed in the structural data and indicate a decrease in covalent character in U=O bonds with close Cd-oxo contacts; more so than in related compounds containing Pb2+ and Ag+. Second Order Perturbation Theory (SOPT) analysis reveals that O spx Cd s is the most significant orbital overlap and U=O bonding and antibonding orbitals also contribute to the interaction (U=O σ/π Cd d and Cd s U=O σ/π*). The overall stabilization energies for these interactions were lower than those in previously reported Pb2+ cations, yet larger than related Ag+ compounds. Analysis of the equatorial coordination sphere of the Cd2+/UO¬22+ compounds (along with Pb2+/UO¬22+ complexes) reveals that 7-coodinate uranium favors closer, stronger Mn+-oxo contacts. These results indicate that U=O bond strength tuning is possible with judicious choice of metal cations for oxo interactions and equatorial ligand coordination.
Voltage Relaxation Characterization Methods in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Fernando Alexa , Kuipers Matthias , Angenendt Georg , Kairies Kai-Philip , Dubarry Matthieu
Published: May 2024

This study evaluated three approaches for characterizing voltage relaxation in lithium-ion batteries: voltage vs. time, the derivative of voltage vs. time, and the second derivative of voltage vs. time. The first two are well-established approaches, whereas the third was never investigated, to our knowledge. To assess the potential of each approach, characterizations were performed on data with various depth-of-discharges, regimes, SOHs, temperatures, and chemistries. Findings indicate that the established approaches do not comprehensively characterize voltage relaxation whereas the novel approach demonstrated promise in providing a quantitative feature to compare relaxation behaviors. However, limitations persisted in its application due to its reliance on heavy filtering and inability to identify trends in capacity loss, preventing widespread application.
Guideline versus clinician recommended duration of dual anti-platelet therapy following acute coronary syndrome (ANZACS-QI 78)
Authors: Rees Sophie , Kerr Andrew
Published: May 2024

aim: The recommended duration of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) for patients without atrial fibrillation varies from 1 month to 1 year depending on the balance of risks of ischaemia and major bleeding. Patients on DAPT with a high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding are also recommended to receive a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Our aim was to audit current practice against the 2020 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline recommendations. methods: One hundred consecutive ACS patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention discharged from Middlemore Hospital and without atrial fibrillation in the first quarter of 2023 were studied. ANZACS-QI ischaemic (I) and bleeding (B) risk scores were calculated, with patients categorised in four groups based on ESC recommendations—low I/low B risk, low I/high B, high I/low B and high I/high B. Guideline and clinician recommended duration of DAPT and prescription of PPI were compared. results: All patients were planned for DAPT at discharge and 91% a PPI. Up to four out of five ACS patients could have been planned for shorter DAPT durations based on the ESC guideline recommendations. Over half of included patients (53%) had a high bleeding risk, yet 85% of these patients received 12 months of DAPT despite ESC recommendations of 1–3 months. conclusions: There was a divergence between clinical practice and the recommendations of the 2020 ESC guidelines. We discuss these results in relation to the updated August 2023 ESC guidelines, which have reaffirmed a 12-month duration of DAPT as the default position.
SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE PAPAYA PRODUCTION CHAIN IN ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Galeano Edileuza Aparecida Vital , Ventura José Aires , Martins David dos Santos
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study evaluated employment in the papaya production chain in Espírito Santo, Brazil.
 
Framework: The methodological approach to production chains serves as an analytical tool for carrying out diagnoses and strategic simulations of a product in focus.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: In preparing this study, quantitative research techniques and procedures and qualitative research were adopted based on the methodological approach of production chains, also called: agro-industrial complexes, agri-food system, agribusiness, sectoral innovation systems.
 
Findings: In rural papaya producing farms, the average was 10.9 jobs. The general average number of jobs per papaya company was 68.1 and, particularly, in the packing house, the average was 154.8 jobs. The papaya production chain had a much higher number of jobs when compared to other fruit farm production chains in Espírito Santo. It is also noteworthy that the predominant type of employment relationship is formal and permanent.
 
Research, Practical & Social Implication: The State of Espírito Santo is the largest Brazilian papaya producer and exporter. With technological innovation, it guarantees crop quality and productivity, making it possible to serve the most demanding international markets. This chain is an important source of employment and income for the State.
 
Originality/Value: The study included field research with 93 producers and 14 companies that are part of the papaya production chain in Espírito Santo. Official data on the historical evolution of formal jobs in the chain are also presented, highlighting the socioeconomic importance of the sector.
Defect Engineering Of Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy In Cobalt-Based Thin Films
Authors:   , Mahendra Anmol
Published: May 2024

Magnetic sensors have widespread applications in industrial, security, space, and biomedical fields, offering precise measurement of magnetic fields using principles like the Hall effect and magnetoresistance. Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have played a pivotal role in advancing magnetic sensing through tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR), contributing to spintronic devices, memory systems, and magnetic sensors. The magnetic anisotropy of the reference ferromagnetic layer in MTJ sensors is a critical factor, influencing sensitivity, accuracy, and sensing direction. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) is particularly advantageous for detecting magnetic fields perpendicular to the sensor plane, opening possibilities in non-destructive testing and magnetic read heads. However, conventional sensors are restricted to fixed axes, hindering their ability to measure fields in three dimensions. To address this limitation, this thesis proposes a magnetic sensor with a tuneable sensing axis, enabling comprehensive field detection in all axes. As part of this exploration, the thesis investigates ion irradiation as a post-processing technique to modify the PMA of ferromagnetic layers, offering versatility for various applications.

Cobalt-based materials, especially CoFeB, are well-known for their suitability in MTJs due to high TMR with MgO and PMA at low thicknesses. Half-metallic Heusler alloys, like Co2MnGa, have gained attention for their theoretically infinite TMR, high spin polarization, and high PMA. This research assesses the effects of ion irradiation on ultra-thin Co2MnGa and CoFeB stacks with PMA.

Ion irradiation is a versatile tool for precisely tailoring magnetic stack properties with uniformity and reproducibility. This thesis investigates the impact of 30 keV Ar and Ne ion irradiation on CoFeB and Co2MnGa thin film stacks at low fluences (1 × 1013 to 1 × 1015 ion·cm−2), introducing displacement per atom (DPA) as a predictive parameter for ion-induced magnetic property changes. Results show a consistent reduction in PMA for both materials in half-MTJ stacks after irradiation, which is linked to intermixing of the magnetic layer with its adjacent MgO and heavy metal layers. Ar irradiation has a more pronounced effect due to higher DPA, while Ne irradiation has a milder impact. Co2MnGa displays relatively more resilience to irradiation due to reduced intermixing with adjacent layers, compared to CoFeB. Furthermore, the thesis explores the dynamic tuning of magnetic properties through ionic liquid gating, allowing anisotropy and coercivity manipulation via voltage control. It also delves into ion irradiation's potential to enhance the magneto-ionic effect. Lastly, a novel magnetic sensor design is introduced featuring a tuneable sensing axis, enabling three-dimensional detection capabilities.
Therapeutic Effect of Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Two-Step Irradiation on Patients with Condyloma Acuminatum
Authors: Yang Wenbin , Li Li
Published: May 2024

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of aminolevulinic acid photodynamic two-step irradiation on pain in patients with intraluminal condyloma acuminatum. Methods: 60 patients with intraluminal condyloma acuminatum treated with aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in the dermatology department of Xi’an Third Hospital from May 2019 to September 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received aminolevulinic acid photodynamic two-step irradiation treatment while the control group was treated with conventional photodynamic irradiation. The experimental group and the control group were treated once every 7–10 days for four consecutive times. The treatment effect and pain score were recorded. Results: The efficacy of aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy was observed two weeks after the end of the treatment. The complete response rate of the experimental group was 66.7% (20/30), the partial response rate was 33.3% (10/30), and the ineffective rate was 0. In the control group, the complete response rate was 70% (21/30), the partial response rate was 30% (9/30), and the ineffective rate was 0. There was no significant difference in the complete response rate between the experimental group and the control group (χ2 = 0.527, P = 0.706). Pain scores were evaluated at 5 minutes and 20 minutes during photodynamic therapy, and 30 minutes after photodynamic therapy. The pain scores of patients in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group at 5 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes after treatment. There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic two-step irradiation can effectively ensure the therapeutic effect of patients with intraluminal condyloma acuminatum, and can significantly reduce patients’ pain during and after treatment.