bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ortadoğu ve Modern Dünyanın İnşası
Authors: DİRMENCİ Ergün
Published: January 2023

Bu kitap Ortadoğu’nun sosyo-mekansal oluşumuna dair bir yorum geliştiriyor. Köklü kentlerin ve bölgelerin dinamik modern dünya ekonomisine ve güçlü modern devletlere niçin, nasıl ve hangi aşamalarda biçim verdiğini soruyor. Buna karşılık kentler ve bölgeler yeniden nasıl biçimlendi ? Ve Ortadoğu örneği bize dünyanın bütünü hakkında neler anlatıyor ? Bu kitap bu sorulara yanıt vermek için dönüştürücü bir zaman dilimine odaklanıyor. Bu, ekonomik küreselleşmenin açıkça Batı merkezli olan şeklinin ve Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile başka yerlerde modern devlet oluşumunun 19. Yüzyılın üçüncü çeyreğinde başlıyor. Söz konusu zaman dilimi, 1918’de Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun parçalanması ve Ortadoğu’da Avrupa hakimiyetinin yayılmasıyla birlikte biteceğine, belli sayıda Ortadoğulu devletin bağımsızlığını kazandığı 1940’lara kadar devam ediyor. Kitabın ekseni: Ortadoğu’nun merkezindeki, Bilad’üş-Şam. Onun Avrupalılar için adı 1918’de Suriye’ydi. Bu kitap Bilad’üş-Şam’dan ötesini, komşu Mısır, Irak ve Türkiye’yi, diaspora topluluklarını ve emperyal ya da ulus-ötesi çeşitli bağlantıları da ele alıyor. Ayrıca, bölgeye, kentlere ve onların bağlarına, küresel ekonomik güçlere, Osmanlı ve Avrupalı emperyal devletlere ve Blad’üş-Şam’da geçerli olan Osmanlı sonrası ulus devletlere derinlemesine bakıyor.
KUALITAS MIKROBIOLOGI DAN PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN METRO PUSAT, KOTA METRO
Authors: Yushananta Prayudhy , Markus Meiliyana , Barus Linda
Published: January 2023

Penggunaan air minum isi ulang terus meningkat sebagai sumber air minum utama keluarga, dari 19,00% (2013) menjadi 29,1% (2020). Peningkatan ini dapat memperbesar risiko gangguan kesehatan jika tidak dilakukan pengawasan secara kontinyu. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kualitas mikrobiologi air minum isi ulang serta pengolahannya. Penelitian menggunakan metode observational, dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Metro Pusat, Kota Metro. Sampel diambil dari sembilan Depot Air Minum (DAM) dari total 11 DAM. Pemeriksaan mikrobiologi menggunakan Most Probable Number (MPN) pada air baku dan air hasil olahan, sedangkan metode Angka Lempeng Total untuk kebersihan galon. Penilaian proses filtrasi dan desinfeksi dilakukan dengan observasi. Selanjutnya keseluruhan data diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan seluruh air baku tercemar bakteri, dan hanya satu dari sembilan sampel yang memenuhi persyaratan mikrobiologi. Sementara, hasil pemeriksaan galon menemukan delapan dari sembilan galon tidak memenuhi syarat kebersihan. Walaupun seluruh DAM melakukan filtrasi tiga tahap, namun filter telah melampaui waktu pakai. Pada proses desinfeksi, hanya satu DAM yang memenuhi persyaratan kesehatan (lama paparan sinar UV, kebersihan dan umur lampu UV). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingginya risiko kesehatan bagi konsumen air minum isi ulang. Perbaikan alat dan proses pengolahan harus segera dilakukan, selain pembinaan dan pengawasan secara ketat oleh pihak-pihak terkait.
A population-based study of obesity and its complications in southern Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Karami Hamed , Seif Mozhgan , Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Johari Masoumeh , Rezaeianzadeh Ramin , Ghaem Haleh
Published: January 2023

Background: General and central obesity are important risk factors for chronic diseases and health-related outcomes. Aims: We determined the prevalence of obesity and related complications among individuals aged 40–70 years in Kherameh, southern Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 10 663 people aged 40–70 years who participated in the first phase of the Kherameh cohort study. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, history of chronic diseases, family history of diseases, and various clinical measures. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to establish the relationships between general and central obesity, and related complications. Results: Of the 10 663 participants, 17.9% had general obesity and 73.5% had central obesity. In people with general obesity, the odds of having the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease were 3.10 times and 1.27 times higher than in individuals with normal weight, respectively. People with central obesity had higher odds of having other components of metabolic syndrome such as hypertension (OR: 2.87; 95% CI: 2.53–3.26), high triglyceride levels (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.54–1.89), and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.37–1.71) than those without central obesity. Conclusions: The study showed a high prevalence of general and central obesity and health-related effects, and its association with several comorbidities. Given the level of obesity-related complications found, primary and secondary prevention interventions are needed. The results may help health policymakers establish effective interventions to control obesity and related complications.
A systematic review of frequency and geographic distribution of water-borne parasites in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Abuseir Sameh
Published: January 2023

Background: Water-borne parasitic infections are caused by pathogenic parasites found in water. These parasites are often not well-monitored or reported, therefore, there is an underestimation of their prevalence. Aims: We systemically reviewed the prevalence and epidemiology of water-borne diseases in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region, which has a population of about 490 million people distributed over 20 independent countries. Methods: Online scientific databases, mainly PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE were searched for the main water-borne parasitic infections in MENA countries during 1990–2021. Results: The main parasitic infections were cryptosporidiosis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, schistosomiasis, and toxocariasis. Cryptosporidiosis was the most frequently reported. Most of the published data were from Egypt, the country with the highest population in MENA. Conclusions: Water-borne parasites are still endemic in many MENA countries, however, their incidence has reduced dramatically due to the control and eradication programmes in countries that could afford such programmes, some with external support and funding.
The need to sustain funding for Afghanistan health system to prevent excess morbidity and mortality
Authors: Safi Najibullah , Anwari Palwasha , Sidhu Lakhwinder , Ibrahimi Abdul Ghani , Rasekh Ahmad , Naseri Saha , Salemi Wazhma , Hemachandra Nilmini , Chikvaidze Paata
Published: January 2023

Background: The Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund, managed by the World Bank through a contracted-out instrument called Sehatmandi, financed health service delivery in Afghanistan, with substantial achievements in infant, child and maternal health. After the collapse of the Afghan Government on 15 August 2021, the health system has been on the brink of collapse. Aims: We assessed the use of basic health services and estimated excess mortality resulting from the interruption to healthcare funding. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study that compared health services utilization from June to September for 3 consecutive years, 2019, 2020 and 2021, using 11 output indicators reported by the health management and information system. We used the Lives Saved Tool, a linear mathematical model with input data from the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey 2015, to calculate the additional maternal, neonatal and child mortality at 25%, 50%, 75% and 95% reduction in health coverage. Results: During August and September 2021, after the announced ban on financing, health service utilization decreased to a range of 7–59%. Family planning, major surgeries and postnatal care showed the greatest decreases. Uptake of child immunization showed one-third decrease. Sehatmandi provides around 75% of primary and secondary health services: pausing funds to this programme will result in additional 2862 maternal deaths, 15 741 neonatal deaths, 30 519 child deaths, and 4057 stillbirths. Conclusion: Sustaining the current level of health services delivery is crucial to avoid excess, preventable morbidity and mortality in Afghanistan.
Sistem Informasi Point of Sale Berbasis Web pada Toko Afridah Cake
Authors: Rahman M Noer , Abdullah Abdullah , Rianto Bayu
Published: January 2023

The development of internet technology in Indonesia, especially in the use of computer technology for data processing, is also a concern in the business world. Through computerized data processing, all items that have been sold can be quickly identified, along with their advantages. Toko Afridah Cake is a business that sells various types of cakes and snacks in Tembilahan which is still with an offline transaction system.  Therefore, it is necessary to build a point of sale information system at the Afridah Cake store so that it makes it easier to develop a business.  Researchers use the SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) system development method and use pieces analysis.  The system is designed using three levels of users, namely admin, cashier, and consumer. The system can be used to exist at Toko Afridah Cake because it has passed the blackbox testing stage without any errors.  This web-based point of sale system makes it easier for store owners, especially to monitor the transaction process in the store without having to come to the store because the system is web-based so that it can be accessed anywhere while still being able to connect to the internet.
Analisis Metode Euclidean Distance dalam Menentukan Koordinat Peta pada Alamat Rumah
Authors: Kusuma Abdi Pandu , Oktavianto Ananda Dwi
Published: January 2023

A map is drawn on a flat plane and reduced or scaled. The use of scale on a map is a comparison between the image plane and the actual surface of the earth. The earth's surface is impossible to draw according to the original, so it must be reduced by a certain ratio. The determination of the coordinates on the map is needed to determine the accuracy of the location on the home address. The coordinates which are commonly used in determining position on a map are latitude and longitude. The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of the Euclidean Distance method in mapping the coordinates of the home address. The population data taken is from the taxpayer population in Beru Village, Wlingi District. The coordinate point mapping was done using the Mapbox application. Then, the results of processing the coordinates of the map were analyzed using the Euclidean Distance method. The methods of data collection were carried out using interviews, observation, literature studies and documentation in order to obtain effective data collection.
The Romanticism of Alcoholic Beverage Regulation in Indonesia: Evidence of Legal Uncertainty?
Authors: Roestamy Martin , Ibnu Adi Rahmanur
Published: January 2023

Legal provisions regarding alcoholic beverages are a complex issue in Indonesia. Therefore, this relates to several aspects, ranging from health or adverse and destructive impacts, halal and haram, to investment-related economic factors. However, to date, no law in Indonesia explicitly regulates alcoholic beverages. The formation of the existing Bill on Alcoholic Drinks must consider all aspects, whether social, cultural, economic, political, or religious. In addition, drafting the Alcoholic Drinks Bill must involve all elements of society comprehensively. This article aims to conduct a legal analysis of the legal policy of regulating alcoholic beverages in Indonesia. The analysis is carried out on the applicable positive law (ius constitutum) and legal policies to regulate alcoholic beverages in the future (ius constituendum). The Normative Legal Research Method is used to analyse the legal system of alcoholic beverages in Indonesia, which shows the uncertainty of management, control, and supervision. This impacts the conflict of interest between investment and the moral life of the Indonesian people. As a result, this study recommends that lawmakers reform the alcoholic beverage law in Indonesia by paying attention to Pancasila as the basis of the nation's philosophy. For this reason, integrated regulation and supervision of alcoholic beverages are needed, and law is urgently needed to unify the overlapping and diverse regulations regarding alcoholic beverages.
The short-term recovery of sprint cycling performance
Authors: Dale Julian , Muniz Daniel , Cimadoro Giuseppe , Glaister Mark
Published: January 2023

Short-term sprint cycling performance recovery was investigated, with consideration to the Match Sprint. Fifteen strength-trained men (age: 24 ± 6 years; height: 1.81 ± 0.08 m; body mass: 83.4 ± 8.4 kg) were first familiarised with an 18 s sprint. During the baseline trial, blood lactate concentration, tissue saturation index, and oxygen uptake were monitored following a single sprint. In the remaining trials, the recovery duration (45, 90, 135, 180, 360, and 720 s) between two sprints was varied. Peak (PPO) and mean (MPO) power output were computed for each sprint. The recovery percentage of MPO and the recovery time-course of the physiological variables were modelled using one- and two-phase exponential functions. Statistical significance was set a priori at p < 0.05. Effects of sprint number, recovery time, and a sprint number × recovery time interaction were found for both PPO and MPO. Post hoc tests revealed significant differences between sprints at all time-points for both variables. The time constant (τ), 130.6 ± 95.6 s, of the one-phase exponential function (asymptotic amplitude [A0] = 97.4 ± 2.5%), suggested that performance recovery had stabilised within 12 minutes. However, the parameters of the two-phase function indicated that recovery was incomplete (A0 = 87.7 ± 6.4%, A1 = 11.9 ± 5.2%, τ0 = 56.3 ± 33.3 s, τ1 = 458.2 ± 283.3 s). The τ for MPO recovery was not significantly correlated with any of the physiological variables. The reduction in sprint cycling performance throughout the tested time-period could be meaningful for athletes competing in the Match Sprint.
The influence of compression garments on recovery during a triathlon training camp: a pilot study
Authors: Leabeater Alana , James Lachlan , Driller Matthew
Published: January 2023

Triathletes often schedule intense training camps into their program to promote functional overreaching, although these periods pose a greater risk of illness or injury due to heightened training load. To mitigate this risk, triathletes may implement recovery strategies such as the use of compression garments. However, little is known about the influence of such garments during multi-day exercise periods. Ten highly-trained triathletes (6 male, 4 female, mean ± SD age; 32 ± 8 y) completed a six-day intensive training block and were randomly assigned to one of two recovery groups; donning lower body compression tights (COMP, n = 5) for at least 6 hours following the last training session each day, or no compression (CON, n = 5). Physical performance data (6s sprint, 30s sprint, 4-minute mean power cycling tests) was collected on Day 1 and Day 6 of the training camp and subjective wellbeing monitoring was completed daily. There were no significant group x time interactions for any of the performance or perceptual measures (p > 0.05). However, a large (d = -1.35) reduction in perceived stress was observed from Day 1 to Day 5 in COMP compared to CON; and perceived muscle soreness was associated with significant main effects for group (p = 0.047) and time (p = 0.02), with COMP lower than CON on Day 4 and Day 6. Lower-body compression garments may reduce perceived stress and muscle soreness during an intense six-day triathlon training camp, with minimal influence on physical performance.
Determinant Variables of Quality Management Practices in Micro and Small Enterprises in Ecuador
Authors: Pérez-Campdesuñer Reyner , Martínez-Vivar Rodobaldo , García-Vidal Gelmar , De Miguel-Guzmán Margarita
Published: January 2023

There is no consensus on whether quality management can always be developed with the same mechanisms, regardless of the size of the companies. Investigations in various latitudes have been motivated to lead to a conclusion in this regard, among other reasons for the great diversity of classification criteria of companies according to their size. This investigation aims to characterize the extent to which the quality management practices of micro and small enterprises in Ecuador differ from the practices of this discipline in medium and large enterprises. For this, information on the way in which the activity is developed in 992 organizations of the population under study was used and the degree of presence of determining variables in quality management was characterized. Among other results, the existence of significant differences in quality management depending on the size of the companies was found.
Digitalization of Social Impact for Social Economy Organizations
Authors: Berardi Laura , Valentinetti Diego
Published: January 2023

Social impact accounting is a significant issue for social economy organizations (SEOs), such as associations, foundations, social enterprises, social cooperatives, and other nonprofit organizations that aim to be transparent and accountable. The academic accounting literature addresses theoretical and empirical contributions on the methods and tools of measurement, assessment, and reporting of social impact. However, there are few contributions on the emerging topic of the digitalization of the social impact accounting process. Preliminary research analyses consider digital tools such as distributed ledgers including blockchain, big data, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things as innovations that allow SEOs to be more accountable and transparent with their social impacts and value created. The increased attention to these technologies opens the way for new and multidisciplinary research questions on this topic.
Information Hiding Based on DNA Sequences
Authors: Kadhum Defaf Shiker , Kadhum Sahar Adil
Published: January 2023

Information security is a major source of worry, especially in light of the rapid expansion of internet use in recent years. As a result of this expansion, there have been incidences of illegal access, which have been mitigated by the adoption of a variety of secure communication protocols, including encryption and data concealment. DNA's bio-molecular properties have seen an uptick in popularity as a carrier for cryptography and data hiding in recent years. when information needs to be hidden. Therefore, DNA bases are utilized as information carriers in the data concealing strategy to increase safety. DNA-based steganography and cryptography combine a biological property with conventional methods to provide an algorithm with increased security. Because of their ability to maintain their chemical and biological characteristics, DNA sequences also have a high data capacity.
The compactness principle and Vitaliʼs theorem for h-holomorphic functions
Authors: Pavlovsky V. A.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we consider the properties of uniformly convergent sequences of h-holomorphic functions on the set of h-complex numbers. Theorems on the global antiderivative and on the uniform approximation of h-holomorphic functions by polynomials are formulated and proven. The sufficient conditions for the h-holomorphism of the limit function are obtained. The compactness principle for functions of an h-complex variable and an analog of Vitaliʼs theorem for h-analytic functions are formulated and proven.
The structure and optical properties of semiconductor nitrides MgSiN2, MgGeN2, ZnSiN2, ZnGeN2
Authors: Krivosheeva A. V. , Shaposhnikov V. L.
Published: January 2023

Theoretical modeling within LDA, GGA, and PBE approximations was herein performed to determine the electronic band structures of MgGeN2, MgSiN2, ZnGeN2, and ZnSiN2  nitride compounds and their optical properties. It is established that the compounds with germanium are direct-gap semiconductors with the band gap values of 3.0 eV (MgGeN2) and 1.7 eV (ZnGeN2), while the silicon-based compounds are indirect-gap semiconductors with the band gap values of 4.6 eV (MgSiN2) and 3.7 eV (ZnSiN2). Optical properties analysis showed the prospects of using MgGeN2  and ZnGeN2  in optoelectronics.
Spectral potential of transfer operators and topological pressure
Authors: Bakhtin V. I. , Ivanishko I. A. , Lebedev A. V.
Published: January 2023

The article describes the relations between spectral radius of transfer operators and topological pressure. The key role is played by new dynamical characteristics – rami-rate and forward entropy.
Kinetics of fibrin clots destruction under ultrasonic cavitation
Authors: Adzerikho I. E. , Kulak A. I. , Rachok S. M. , Minchenya V. T.
Published: January 2023

We studied the kinetic features of fibrin clot destruction in vitro under the action of ultrasonic cavitation generated by low-frequency (36 kHz) ultrasound (US) with the intensity I0  of 4.4–51.2 W/cm2, using a flexible waveguide concentrator. It was established that the rate of US destruction of clots immersed in saline at the initial stage of the process is proportional to I0 in the range of 12–51 W/cm2, corresponds to first-order kinetics, and is determined by the erosive processes without the formation of D-dimers and other fibrinolysis products at a minimum contribution of sonochemical reactions. The clot destruction rate is maximum at the initial time moment and decreases with increasing the US exposure duration (by 35 % in 1 min and by 72 % by the end of the second minute at I0 = 51.2 W/cm2). It was shown that in order to increase the completeness of clot destruction at a minimum administered US dose, it is advisable to minimize the US exposure time when using the highest values of the US intensity limited by the level of safe cavitation exposure to the vascular wall, hemostasis, and blood cells.
Catalytic properties of some mineral salts in relation to the process of decomposition of pyrolysis tar
Authors: Malko M. V. , Dobrego K. V. , Vasilevich S. V. , Degterov D. V.
Published: January 2023

The paper discusses the results of an experimental study of the thermal decomposition of pyrolytic wood tar in a homogeneous process, as well as in the presence of a number of mineral substances: potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate and the mineral residue of the production of potassium salts. The experiments were carried out on a laboratory setup under isothermal conditions at temperatures of 300, 350, and 400 °C by two methods providing two-phase and three-phase contact with the catalyst, respectively. It has been established that the rate of decomposition of pyrolysis tar under the studied conditions obeys the laws described by the Avrami–Erofeev equation with a variable exponent n. The area of change of this indicator in various experiments includes values from 0.415 to 1.238. The mean n value calculated for all study options was 0.694 (95 % CI 0.605 to 0.783), and the median value was 0.639. It has been found that the decomposition rate of the pyrolysis tar increases when MOX particles, potassium sulfate, and magnesium sulfate are introduced into the reaction zone. No effect of monopotassium phosphate on the rate of decomposition of the pyrolysis tar was not found. It is shown that in the case of tailings of potassium salts production an increase in the rate of decomposition of pyrolysis tar is due to the catalytic effect of this substance. The most likely reason for the positive effect of potassium sulfate, as well as magnesium sulfate on the rate of decomposition of pyrolysis tar, is apparently also the catalytic effect of these substances. The Arrhenius parameters of the homogeneous process of thermal decomposition of the pyrolysis tar and the decomposition process in the presence of tailings of potassium salts production, as well as potassium and magnesium sulfates, were determined. According to the data obtained, the activation energy of the homogeneous process was 29.6 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor was 3.15·101 min–1, respectively. The Arrhenius parameters of the decomposition of pyrolysis tar in the presence of tailings of potassium salts production, according to the data of the performed studies, were 23.0 kJ/mol and 1.82·101 min–1. The paper also determined the Arrhenius parameters of the decomposition of pyrolysis tar in the presence of K2SO4 and MgSO4. According to estimates, the activation energy in the presence of these substances was about 50–60 kJ/mol. The research results presented in the article can be used in the design of heat generating equipment, which includes a system for cleaning products of thermochemical conversion of vegetable raw materials.
Comparative analysis of the results of simulation of the consequences of a serious accident at a Belarusian NPP with the use of J-RODOS and RECASSEXPRESS software complexes
Authors: Kliaus V. V. , Zhukova O. M. , Nikalayenka A. U. , Shaibak A. M. , Trusau A. V.
Published: January 2023

Using the J-RODOS and RECASS-EXPRESS software packages, modeling of the radiological and radiation-ecological consequences of a severe beyond design basis accident at the power unit of the Belarusian NPP with a VVER-1200 reactor was carried out. The simulation results showed that if radionuclides were released from the reactor containment at the level of 2.15·1015 Bq, the maximum values of the fallout from the atmosphere to the surface 1 day after the accident will be 2.98∙105 Bq/m2 for I-131 (J-RODOS) and 7∙105 Bq/m2 (RECASS-EXPRESS), and for Cs-137 − 1.11∙104 Bq/m2 and 1.3∙105 Bq/m2, respectively. The difference in the values of the radionuclide fallout, modeled by these software packages, increases with the distance from the release source and at a distance of more than 10 km reaches 1 order of magnitude. The predicted values of the equivalent thyroid dose for adults and children for the first 7 days after the accident, obtained using J-RODOS calculations, are 3–4 times higher than using RECASS-EXPRESS software product. At a distance of 3–5 km from the NPP site, doses ranged from 3.7 to 14.8 mSv for adults and 16.2 to 32.5 mSv for children. The values of the total effective dose with the J-RODOS simulation are 2 times higher than those with RECASS-EXPRESS at a distance of 3 km from the site (0.60 and 0.32 mSv, respectively) and 1.5 times higher at a distance of 5 km from the site (0.30 and 0.21 mSv respectively). As the distance from the NPP increases, the convergence in the obtained evaluation results of total effective dose increases. None of the obtained prediction results exceeds the established emergency response criteria and do not indicate the need for protective measures for the public.
Methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state support for organizations of the agroindustrial complex of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Sayanava I. G.
Published: January 2023

The article presents a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the use of state support in the agroindustrial complex of the Republic of Belarus, including a methodology for calculating additional indicators differentiated by region. These parameters will characterize the dynamics of the debt burden and the state of the discipline of calculations in the agroindustrial complex and, taking them into account, will assess the effectiveness of the use of state support in the agroindustrial complex, as well as the results of the work of the agricultural and processing sectors of the economy with reference to the final result.
The main directions of development of cooperative and integration relations in the beekeeping industry of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Pyl V. S. , Ganush H. I.
Published: January 2023

Outlines the priority areas for the development of cooperative and integration ties in the beekeeping industry. The economic, ecological and social significance of creating cooperative formations in beekeeping at the following levels is substantiated: personal subsidiary plots of citizens; peasant (farm) farms; agricultural organizations (specialized enterprises) engaged in large-scale production of bee products and the provision of services for the pollination of entomophilous plants; administrative districts and regions (oblasts), republic. Concrete proposals are presented for the creation of a research and production cluster for beekeeping on the basis of organizations of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.
AI Headphone Design for the Hearing-Impaired
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Kim Hyun-Don
Published: January 2023

We designed an artificial intelligence (AI) headphone for hearing impaired people and proposed a convolution neural network (CNN)-based sound classifier with a low computational network that can run on an embedded PC (Raspberry Pi 4B) in real-time. Because our AI headphone can classify 20 types of dangerous or environmental sounds (e.g., siren, car horn, scream, gunshot, etc.) and recognize specific voice keywords (e.g., person name, be careful!, stop!, etc.), it can assist hearing impaired people in reducing the risk of accident exposure and improving convenience. In addition, we use vibration codes to notify the hearing impaired person of detected information to the vibration motors attached to both sides of the headphone. We confirm that our proposed sound classifier achieves an average accuracy rate of approximately 95.14%, and enables real-time processing on the Raspberry Pi 4B because it requires an average computation time of approximately 0.139s with audio recording data for 5.12s.
A Study on the Metal Detection Development for CNN and RNN Algorithm Based
Authors:   Korean Industrial Technology Convergence Society, Ha Sungjae , Kim Mikyoung
Published: January 2023

This paper is a study on the efficiency of the filtering method of signal processing and the metal detection method using deep learning for data obtained from multiple MI sensors. The MI sensor is a principle that detects changes in magnetic field and is a passive sensor that detects metal objects. However, when detecting a metal object, the amount of change in the magnetic field caused by the metal is small, so there is a limit to the detectable distance. In order to effectively detect and analyze this, a method using deep learning was applied. In addition, the performance of the deep learning model was compared and analyzed using the filtering method of signal processing. In this paper, the detection performance of CNN and RNN networks was compared and analyzed from the data extracted from the self-impedance sensor. The RNN model showed higher performance than the CNN model. However, in the shallow stage, the CNN model showed higher performance than the RNN model.
Degradasi Pewarna Tekstil Remazol Violet 5R Dengan Metode Elektrooksidasi Menggunakan Elektroda Grafit
Authors: Suseno Suseno , Darmawan Petrus , Pujiastuti Peni , Sumardiyono Sumardiyono
Published: January 2023

Remazol Violet 5R textile dye degradation experiment has been carried out by electrooxidation method using graphite electrodes. The electrooxidation device consists of a plastic tub with a size (p x l x h) = 20 x 20 x 25 cm which is equipped with an electric stirrer and graphite electrodes using a used battery anode. Graphite electrodes consist of 3 pairs arranged in parallel. This dye degradation experiment was carried out using a batch system (not continuous) with variations in stirring time of 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes, while the other variables were fixed, namely the concentration of dye 100.24 mg/liter, electrolyte NaCl 2.06 g/liter, 12 V voltage, and a stirring speed of 250 rpm. The dye solution before degradation and after degradation was measured for absorbance using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at the maximum wavelength, to determine the percentage decrease in absorbance and optimum contact time. The experimental results showed that the percentage decrease in absorbance was constant after a contact time of 30 minutes with an absorbance of 98.36%. This indicates that the optimum contact time for the degradation of Remasol Violet 5R dye is 30 minutes. From the experiments that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the electrooxidation method using graphite electrodes can be used as an alternative waste treatment method, especially in terms of removing dyes in textile industry wastewater.
Protective Effect of the T1212C Macrophage Mannose Receptor Gene Polymorphism on Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Triyani Yani , Hartati Julia , Budiman Budiman , Parwati Ida , Alisjahbana Bachti
Published: January 2023

The interaction between the mannose receptor, which is encoded by the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) gene, and the most virulent antigen (the mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan) cell wall of virulent strains of  Mycobacterium tuberculosis trigger an innate and adaptive immune response. It also produces pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which play a role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) infection. Therefore, MMR gene polymorphism is a risk factor and is associated with the prognosis for active pulmonary TB. This study aimed to determine the correlation between MMR gene polymorphism and active or latent pulmonary tuberculosis. In this phase, MMR gene polymorphism was analyzed using a case-control design consisting of 74 control group subjects (patients with latent TB) and 74 case groups (patients with active pulmonary TB). The subject’s MMR gene DNA sequencing examination. The study was conducted at the Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, from February 2014 to January 2015. The statistical analysis used chi-square and odds ratio. The study’s result has shown the MMR gene polymorphism factor that correlated to the incidence of active pulmonary TB was T1212C (OR=0.253; 95% CI=0.111−0.575; p=0.001). There was an MMR gene in one SNP in the control group (C1323T) only and five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both groups (C1303T, C1221, T1212C, G1186A, and G1195A). Therefore, it can be concluded that MMR gene polymorphism on the T1212C site correlated with the incidence of active pulmonary tuberculosis and was protective.
Role of T2-weighted and Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Cervical Malignancy in Developing Countries
Authors: Soekersi Hari , Hidayat Ignatius Irawan , Zeindadinanda Annisa Fitriani , Warokko Viola Stephanie
Published: January 2023

Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy in Asia and is the leading cause of death in women in developing countries. The cervical cancer stage will significantly affect the prognosis and management. Based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2018 classification of cervical cancer, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a crucial role in determining cervical cancer staging. This study aimed to evaluate the role of T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences in assessing cervical carcinoma, with the pathological diagnosis being taken as the standard for cervical cancer diagnosis. This study was conducted on seven patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from pathological examination in January 2020 to March 2021 in the Department of Radiology Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. We detect the presence of locoregional lesions and extensions of cervical carcinoma using MRI with T2WI and DWI sequences in patients who have previously been diagnosed histopathologically. This study involved seven cervical cancer patients. Pelvic MRI with T2WI and DWI sequences was performed. The imaging results in these patients show that one patient has stage IB1 cervical cancer, four patients have stage IIB, one patient has stage IIIA, and one has stage IIIC1 cervical cancer. This study concluded that T2WI and DWI sequences in MRI are essential and sufficient for diagnosing cervical cancer.
Effects of Proteasome Inhibitor on Catalase Expression and Intima-media Thickness in the Aorta of Atherosclerotic Rats
Authors: Ismawati Ismawati , Asni Enikarmila , Romus Ilhami , Mukhyarjon Mukhyarjon , Winarto Winarto , Arif Muhammad Fadhillah , Anugrah M Derillovyandra Dwi
Published: January 2023

Various studies have been carried out to obtain proper management for atherosclerosis. Proteasome, a subcellular enzyme complex, is a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. However, the effect of proteasome inhibitors on atherosclerosis still needs to be explored. It was an experimental study with a post-test-only control group design conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau in Juni–November 2021. This study aimed to analyze the effects of proteasome inhibitors on catalase expression and intima-media thickness (IMT) in the thoracic aorta of atherosclerotic rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (five rats per group), namely rats given standard feed (control, group I), rats induced atherosclerosis (group II), and rats induced atherosclerosis and given proteasome inhibitor (group III). The proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, 50 µg/kgBW/day was given intraperitoneally on days one and three. After 4 days, rats were terminated, and the thoracic aorta was taken for the IMT analysis and catalase expression assessment using immunohistochemistry. Catalase expression was carried out quantitatively using Adobe Photoshop software. Analysis of variance test was used to compare the expression of catalase and IMT. A p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed a significant decrease in IMT in group III compared to group II and an increase in catalase expression in group III compared to group II but not statistically significant. This study concludes that administration of bortezomib 50 µg/kg in atherosclerotic rats could inhibit thickening tunica intima-media in the thoracic aorta, although not significantly increasing the catalase expression.
Determinants of Detectable Anti-hepatitis B in Fertile Age Women from Indonesia
Authors: Pracoyo Noer Endah , Suratri Made Ayu Lely , Senewe Felly Philipus , Setiawaty Vivi
Published: January 2023

Hepatitis B (HBV) is still a major health problem worldwide, as evidenced by the large number of people infected with hepatitis. There are around two billion people infected with HBV, and an estimated 350 million are in chronic conditions. Hepatitis B is a ninth-order disease that causes death in mothers and their babies. The HBV infection in pregnant women is critical because of vertical or perinatal transmission. This study's purpose was to analyze data of the HBsAg and anti-HBs rertile age women, pregnant women, and postpartum mothers from National Basic Health Research Data 2007. The method is a retrospective study using secondary data from the Basic Health Research in 2007. The number of samples in the form of data on respondents of fertile age women are women aged 15 to 49 years. Data screened and matched with that examined pregnancy/have had a postpartum examination/never checked neonates/had examined their toddlers. One thousand three hundred two (1,302) respondents were eligible to be sampled in this analysis. The variables analyzed were age and anti-HB titers in women of childbearing age 15 to 49 years who were not protected against hepatitis B, as much as 74.65% of the total 1,302 people. Three hundred thirty (330) respondents had anti-HBs titers. This study concludes respondents who are not married age 15–20 years showed relationship with negative anti-Hbs antibodies.
PLANT ANALYSIS BASED ON THE DRIS SYSTEM: PROGRAMMING INTERFACE WITH A CASE STUDY IN PLANTAIN CROP (Musa AAB)
Authors: Pérez Zapata Juan José , Álvarez Albanés Eddie Yacir , Castañeda Sánchez Dario Antonio
Published: January 2023

The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) is a tool to evaluate the nutritional status and obtain fertilizer recommendations of several crops. Unlike other methods, DRIS works directly with farmer’s information, focusing on understanding the nutritional balance of the crop. However, the selection of indexes is long and time-consuming. The objective of this work was to develop an algorithm to estimate reference and DRIS indexes for crops in order to facilitate the use of the DRIS methodology. The construction of the algorithm included four stages, (1) theoretical bases, (2) conceptual model design, (3) algorithm implementation, and (4) validation. For a database of crop yield and foliar analyses, the developed algorithm is divided into two subsets (high and low yield), estimating nutrient ratios and variability. For leaf sample diagnosis, the algorithm compares nutritional balance with highy-ield population, generating DRIS indexes numerically and graphically. A nutrient is imbalanced if its DRIS index in the graph is outside the whiskers. The efficiency and operability of the algorithm was tested with foliar analyses of fifty plantain crops distributed in two subregions of the Antioquia Department, Colombia. The developed procedure allowed determining quantitative and graphical information of the nutrient balance in foliar samples.
BIOSTIMULATION IN COWPEA BEAN (Vigna unguiculata L. WALP) AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS IN MANABÍ, ECUADOR
Authors: Ardisana Eduardo Fidel Héctor , Torres García Antonio , Paguay Macías Jorge Leonardo
Published: January 2023

Cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a nutrient-rich crop that can be produced in dry periods. As an alternative to synthetic chemical fertilization (SCF) in this species, the effects of a biostimulant (bovine manure vermicompost leachate, BMVL) on growth and yield variables were studied. The research was carried out at the Las Maravillas site, Rocafuerte canton, province of Manabí, Ecuador. Foliar application of four dilutions of BMVL (1:10, 1:20, 1:30 and 1:40 v/v) were made at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after sowing. Two control treatments, one with SCF (NPK 15-15-15), and the other without fertilization or biostimulant (absolute control) were included. Biostimulation with BMVL significantly increased plant length with respect to both controls. Grain weight and estimated yield had higher values in the plants that received biostimulants compared to the absolute control. However, values were lower than those in the control with SCF, which may indicate that the use of biostimulants cannot fully replace the contribution of nutrients by SCF. The estimated yields in the dilutions of BMVL 1:10, 1:30 and 1:40 v/v, which reached values between 89 and 94% of those obtained with SCF, show that BMVL can be used as an alternative to SCF to achieve reasonable production levels at low economic and environmental cost in the cultivation of cowpea bean
CHARACTERIZATION OF GROWTH OF SOCORRO ISLAND MERINO LAMBS
Authors: Castillo Paola , Macedo Rafael , Arredondo Victalina , Haubi Carlos , Valencia Mauricio
Published: January 2023

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of genetic and non-genetic factors on the growth of Socorro Island Merino lambs and to model their growth curve using nonlinear mathematical models. The weight of 41 Socorro Island Merino lambs was recorded at birth and at 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315 and 365 days of life from May 2019 to September 2021. The effects on growth of sex, genotype, year of birth, and parity of the dam were analyzed. Four non-linear models (Brody, Logistic, Gompertz and von Bertalanffy) were fitted for determining the best model to describe growth curve. Birth weight and pre-weaning growth rate were not affected (P 0.05) by any of the factors studied, while weaning weight was only significantly affected (P 0.05) by sex. Year of birth significantly affected (P 0.05) post-weaning growth rate and weight of the lamb from 270 days, while sex significantly affected (P 0.05) weight at 315 days. The Gompertz and Brody models were the best fitted to describe growth curves of lambs. Purebred males showed a larger response to increasing levels of energy-protein supplementation, while they had greater mature weight and lower maturation rate compared to females and crossbred males. In conclusion, knowledge of growth and factors influencing growth pattern can help implement appropriate management strategies and make decisions aimed at the conservation of Socorro Island Merino lambs.
Revisión del manejo perioperatorio de anticoagulantes y antiagregantes
Authors: Andrea Marquina  , C García Molina  , E Duro Mota  , P Díaz Campanero
Published: January 2023

Son múltiples los fármacos que deben tenerse en cuenta en el contexto del perioperatorio. Los anticoagulantes y antiagregantes constituyen uno de los grupos farmacológicos más polémicos y con más riesgo intraoperatorio si se realiza un manejo inadecuado, dado el delicado equilibrio entre riesgo trombótico y riesgo hemorrágico en muchos casos. Todo ello sumado al hecho de que cada vez es mayor la población que recibe estos tratamientos motiva el interés por la revisión y actualización constante de nuestra actitud como anestesiólogos a nivel pre, intra y postoperatorio en este ámbito. En esta revisión nos basaremos en las últimas recomendaciones del documento de consenso, coordinado desde el Grupo de Trabajo de Trombosis Cardiovascular de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología y certificado por un amplio número de sociedades científicas que participan en el proceso asistencial del paciente durante el periodo perioperatorio o periprocedimiento con el fin de englobar en un documento la información más relevante actualizada y el manejo en la práctica clínica.
Análisis de normalidad. Una imagen vale más que mil palabras.
Authors: Manuel Molina
Published: January 2023

Antes de utilizar una prueba de contraste paramétrica deberemos comprobar que la variable sigue una distribución normal. Para esta comprobación disponemos de tres estrategias posibles: los métodos basados en contrastes de hipótesis, los basados en representaciones gráficas y los llamados métodos analíticos.
The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Hospitals: A Study of Afghanistan's Public and Private Hospitals
Authors: ABDALİ Sayed Mohammad Zarif , SEDEQİ Ahmad Robin , HOSSİNİ Sayed Ahmad Edriss , QİAMİ Mohammad Haroon
Published: January 2023

Corporate social responsibility has become a necessary part of each company in the 21st century. Almost all businesses either observe or attempt to incorporate corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities into their operations (Lubis, 2018). Since hospitals are also a type of economic institution and the only place that works to preserve human life, it is imperative to comply with the elements of CSR in order to improve performance and maintain the well-being of society and the environment. The role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has not been clear so far in Afghanistan's companies and organizations' context. In addition to that, research under this title has not been conducted yet. The present study aims to evaluate the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Afghanistan's states and private hospitals. From the total of 667 state and private hospitals, a sample of 146 hospitals has been selected for analyzing and testing the research hypothesis. The primary and secondary data have been used to show the role of CSR in Afghanistan hospitals. Furthermore, the multiple regression and correlation tests helped us estimate the role of CSR in Afghan hospitals. The result of the study shows that the level of CSR in Afghanistan hospitals, both public and private, is appropriate in all economic, legal, humanitarian, and ethical aspects, and the level of difference in central hospitals in ethical and humanitarian dimensions is higher than in non-central hospitals, while the level of difference in non-central hospitals in economic and legal dimensions is higher than in central hospitals.
Catalyzed Gas Phase Ammoxidation of 2, 3 and 4-picolines
Authors: AL-Nuaimy Rajiha I.
Published: January 2023

Catalyst gas phase ammoxidation of 2,3, and 4- picolines in a fixed bed reactor is described the catalyst applied composed of Vanadium (V) and tin (Sn) Oxides supported on Al2O3 as described in recent papers (1), (2). The effect of NH3, O2, contact time and temperature of the picoline mole ratios on the yield and conversion of the products was studied. The conversationand yield are in the rate of 2-picoline> 4-picoline > 3-picoline.The applied catalyst was active even after 150 hours of reaction. The highest yield obtained of nicotinic acid was 90%, 88%, 87% 2-picoline, 4-picoline and 3-picoline respectively.