bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Glucosaminilemuramylpentapeptide on the Functional Peculiarities of the Respiratory System and the Dynamics of IL-6 in Patients with Infiltrative Tuberculosis Combined with Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: Melnyk-Sheremeta Olha , Ostrovskyy Mykola
Published: October 2017

The aim of our study was to evaluate the functional peculiarities of the respiratory system and the dynamics of IL-6 in patients with infiltrative tuberculosis combined with chronic bronchitis.Materials and methods. There were examined 40 patients with infiltrative tuberculosis combined with chronic bronchitis: 18 patients receiving basic therapy according to the category and 22 patients who were added glucosaminilemuramylpentapeptide to basic therapy. Determination of IL-6 in bronchoalveolar content was performed by ELISA analysis.Results. The additional inclusion of glucosaminilemuramylpentapeptide into the complex therapy of patients with infiltrative tuberculosis combined with chronic bronchitis in acute phase manifests itself with positively aimed dynamic changes of the bronchial mucous membrane according to the data of endoscopy. The standard scheme of treatment combined with immune modulator affects the recovery of lung function in comorbidity of pathologies explaining it as the action of the means aimed at enhancing of sanogenetic mechanisms of liquidation of combination of specific and nonspecific inflammation in the broncho-pulmonary system, and thus – the reduction of the basis for secondary bronchial obstruction. The results of this study indicate the advisability of administration of immune modulator of muramylpeptide series.
The Role of Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Pregnant Women with Chorion Detachment, Included in the Program of Auxiliary Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Lytvyn Natalya
Published: October 2017

An urgent medical and social problem is the restoration of reproductive function of womenwho suffer from infertility, which became possible due to auxiliary reproductive technologies. Women with induced pregnancy make thegroup of a high-risk on miscarriage, due to interrelated processes –immunological disorders and endothelial dysfunction that occur in the body of pregnant women after the use of extracorporal fertilization programs, and can lead to the chorion detachment and the formation of subchorionic hematomas.The purpose of the study is to determine the role of endothelial dysfunction as one of the leading factors that determine the development of a local non-progressive chorion detachment in infertile patients included in the program of auxiliary reproductive technologies.Materials and methods. We have examined 130 pregnant women, who were divided into groups: the control group included 30 women, whose pregnancy occurred in the natural cycle and with uncomplicated gestational course; the main group – 50 patients with induced pregnancy and risk factors of the occurrence of chorion detachment, who wereperformed the proposed pre-gravidapreparation; the comparative group – 50 pregnant women who received a standard scheme of pregnancy management before and after in-vitro fertilization. A general clinical examination, ultrasound examination, homocysteine level determination, endothelin-1 and nitrogen oxide metabolites were performed.Results. In women included into the program of auxiliary reproductive technologies with local chorion detachment were recorded changes of vascular endothelial function with a possible increase in endothelin-1 production and a decrease of the nitric oxidesynthesis. During the induced pregnancy with the presence of subchorionic hematoma, an increase of the level of endothelium-damaging factor of homocysteine was noted.Conclusions.This study identifies the parameters that reflect the main links of endothelial dysfunction and can be used as markers of local chorion detachment.
Recurrent Ovarian Cancer with the Involvement of Urinary Organs: is There Place for Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery?
Authors: Kharchenko Kateryna
Published: October 2017

The objective of the research was to estimate early and long-term results of secondary cytoreductive surgery performed for recurrent ovarian cancer with involvement of urinary organs. Materials and methods. The study included 62 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer treated in the Institute of General and Emergency Surgery named after V.T. Zaitsev of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine during January 2009 – September 2015. Selection criteria for secondary cytoreductive surgery were the following: recurrent ovarian cancer with involvement of the bladder and/or the ureter, no urologic surgery during primary cytoreductive surgery, the ECOG performance status of 0-2. Urological surgery that had been a subject to the analysis was the following: cystoscopy with or without intraoperative urethral stenting, bladder resection, ureterectomy, ureteral reimplantation, cystectomy with further reconstruction. Evaluation criteria included the presence and the level of surgical and postoperative urological complications within 30 days after surgery, relaparatomy rates, postoperative mortality, type of cytoreduction. Long-term results were evaluated through recurrence rates after secondary cytoreductive surgery, median survival, disease-free survival and overall survival.Results. Volumes of performed surgery (excluding urological one) were the following: lymphadenectomy (n=29; 46.7%), bowel resection (n=17; 27.4%), vascular resection (n=4; 6.5%) and others. Minimally invasive urological surgery included urethral stenting (n=6; 9.7%) and cystoscopy (n=13; 20.9%). Bladder resection was performed in 26 (41.9%) cases, cystectomy – in 17 (27.4%) cases. R0 resections were performed in all the cases. Postoperative non-urological complications were observed in 7 (11.2%) patients. Urological complications were found in 9 (14.5%) patients. Postoperative mortality was 3.2%. Recurrence was documented in 7 (11.3%) cases. Median survival was 24 months. Follow-up mortality was 30% (n=18).Conclusions. The results of combined secondary cytoreductive surgery performed for recurrent ovarian cancer with involvement of urinary organs indicate the possibility of en bloc resection of tumor and surrounding organs at acceptable rates of postoperative complications and mortality. Extended combined surgery and even pelvic exenteration are effective in treatment of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.
Peculiarities of Teaching Problems of Metabolic Syndrome in Children to Interns
Authors: Bobrykovych Olha
Published: October 2017

Obesity has become one of the most urgent social problems worldwide. Continuous and rapid increase in obesity rates is considered by the World Health Organization as a global epidemic. Obesity affects children as well; the World Health Organization recognized childhood obesity as an acute public health crisis. Childhood obesity is often accompanied by arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia and disorders of        carbohydrate metabolism resulting in symptom complex – metabolic syndrome. While teaching the problems of metabolic syndrome in children to interns, a significant attention is paid to risk factors, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of syndrome. Such approach will allow future pediatricians to diagnose and prevent the development of early complications of metabolic syndrome in children timely.
RIB PENETRATION INTO THE SPINAL CANAL IN CASES OF SCOLIOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPE-1 (case report and literature review)
Authors: Mikhaylovsky M. V. , Novikov V. V. , Vasyura A. S. , Suzdalov V. A.
Published: October 2017

Background. Rib penetration into the spinal canal in patients with scoliosis secondary to neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF-1) was described in a relatively small number of publications, though it’s common in clinical practice and not always diagnosed.Materials. The authors report on an adolescent male with NF-1 left thoracic kyphoscoliosis and rib head protrusion into spinal canal with mild initial neurological deficit.Results. A 14-year-old male patient with NF-1 and 68 degrees left thoracic scoliosis and 65 degrees kyphosis was undergoing treatment at the authors’ institution.Preoperative CT scans demonstrated protrusion of the left T11 rib head into the spinal canal on the convexity of the curve, without spinal cord compression. Surgical procedure for resection of the rib head and correction of the spinal deformity was performed which allowed to achieve good deformity correction. The authors also observed almost complete restoration of sensitive functions.Conclusion. Rib head protrusion into the spinal canal can occur in cases of spine deformities with NF-1. If present, the imaging findings should be carefully reviewed for appearance of such lesion that may be obscured by the limitations of CT in the context of a dysplastic spinal deformity.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH CONSEQUENCES OF INFANTILE SEPTIC ARTHRITIS
Authors: Teplenky M. P. , Oleinikov E. V. , Bunov V. S.
Published: October 2017

Introduction. The consequences of infantile septic arthritis are quite diverse and can manifest themselves as a damage to the growth zone, deformation and destruction of the articular components, and violation of the articular relationships. To treat this pathology, technically complex and traumatic surgical interventions are used. The purpose of this work is to analyze the medium-term results of the use of these methods in the treatment of children with septic coxitis consequences.Material and methods. The outcomes of treatment for 37 children with consequences of septic coxitis using Ilizarov apparatus were analyzed. Average age of patients at the time of the surgery was 8.2±0.5 years (from 6 to 10 years). Follow up period was from 3 to 10 years (average 4.7 years). Functional outcomes were assessed by C.L. Colton, radiologic indices — by E. Severin score and J. Kruczynski.Results. Patients were distributed into three groups according to anatomical features. Functional outcomes of patients in the 1st group: good (12–15 points) — 3 joints, satisfactory (9–11 points) — 5 joints, unsatisfactory (8 points) — 1 joint. X-ray findings of patients in the 1st group according to J. Kruczynski criteria: good — 5 joints, satisfactory — 4 joints; by E. Severin criteria: Ia — 1, Ib –1, IIa — 2, IIb — 3, III — 2. Functional outcomes of patients in the 2nd group: good (12–14 points) — 10 joints, satisfactory (9–11 points) — 8 joints. Distribution in the second group by J. Kruczynski criteria: good — 9, satisfactory — 9; by E. Severin criteria: IIa — 14, IIb — 4. Distribution of functional outcomes in the 3rd group in accordance with C.L. Colton criteria: good (12–15 points) — 3 joints, satisfactory (9–11 points) — 7 joints. Distribution in the third group according to J. Kruczynski criteria: good — 4, satisfactory — 6; by E. Severin criteria: IIa — 5, IIb — 4, III — 1.Conclusion. The use of the presented transosseous external fixation technique in children with the consequences of septic coxitis provides sufficient stability of the joint without causing its decompensation and stiffness. The use of the Ilizarov fixator extends the age limits for reconstructive treatment of abnormal distal hip dislocation.
Natural durability and dimensional stability of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) for Middle Eastern lutes
Authors: Se Golpayegani Aida , THEVENON Marie-France , Bremaud Iris , Pourtahmasi Kambiz , Gril Joseph
Published: October 2017

Instrument makers prefer wood species which not only have excellent acoustical properties, but also tend to keep their natural state when going through preparations and pretreatments. In this study long time water soaking, a common protocol among Iranian lute makers, was used to investigate the natural durability and dimensional stability of White mulberry (Morus alba L.). The wood of white mulberry, which is the only source for making Iranian lutes for more than a century, was examined for its natural resistance towards fungi and termites. Samples were also studied for their dimensional change during four months of water soaking. White mulberry, whether leached or unleached, showed to be a very resistant species towards both termites and fungi. Gradual removal of the extractives during water immersion resulted in an increase in partial shrinkage. It was concluded that water leaching, though not affecting the natural durability, tends to reduce the dimensional stability of white mulberry.
Variation of carbon uptake from forest species in Mexico: a review
Authors: Pompa-Garcia Marin , Sigala Rodríguez José Ángel
Published: October 2017

Currently, assessing carbon content in forest species is considered essential for programs designed to mitigate global warming. Although in Mexico these studies are becoming more numerous, we still do not know the state of the art in this scientific field. To our knowledge there is a lack of a systematic synthesis of the current condition of carbon sequestration from forest species in Mexico. This would be a useful baseline for scientists interested in further developing carbon studies. The aim of the present study is to analyze the variations of carbon uptake in Mexican forest species. From a comprehensive literature review of indexed journals and specialized databases, this study records the efforts made to record carbon storage rates in Mexican forests based on species, tree components, regions and ecosystems. The results identify those areas that are frequently the subject of research, as well as where opportunities exist and where efforts should be targeted, particularly in rainforests that have been the subject of very few research studies. This study to generate the first Mexican data base that summarizes state of the art data on the topic under study and contributes to a better understanding of potential functional relationships between diversity and carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems in Mexico.
Quality of Publicly Available Physical Activity Apps: Review and Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Bondaronek Paulina , Alkhaldi Ghadah , Slee April , Hamilton Fiona L , Murray Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

Within the new digital health landscape, the rise of health apps creates novel prospects for health promotion. The market is saturated with apps that aim to increase physical activity (PA). Despite the wide distribution and popularity of PA apps, there are limited data on their effectiveness, user experience, and safety of personal data.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this review and content analysis was to evaluate the quality of the most popular PA apps on the market using health care quality indicators.

METHODS

The top-ranked 400 free and paid apps from iTunes and Google Play stores were screened. Apps were included if the primary behavior targeted was PA, targeted users were adults, and the apps had stand-alone functionality. The apps were downloaded on mobile phones and assessed by 2 reviewers against the following quality assessment criteria: (1) users’ data privacy and security, (2) presence of behavior change techniques (BCTs) and quality of the development and evaluation processes, and (3) user ratings and usability.

RESULTS

Out of 400 apps, 156 met the inclusion criteria, of which 65 apps were randomly selected to be downloaded and assessed. Almost 30% apps (19/65) did not have privacy policy. Every app contained at least one BCT, with an average number of 7 and a maximum of 13 BCTs. All but one app had commercial affiliation, 12 consulted an expert, and none reported involving users in the app development. Only 12 of 65 apps had a peer-reviewed study connected to the app. User ratings were high, with only a quarter of the ratings falling below 4 stars. The median usability score was excellent—86.3 out of 100.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the popularity of PA apps available on the commercial market, there were substantial shortcomings in the areas of data safety and likelihood of effectiveness of the apps assessed. The limited quality of the apps may represent a missed opportunity for PA promotion.
An Exercise Intervention to Unravel the Mechanisms Underlying Insulin Resistance in a Cohort of Black South African Women: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial and Baseline Characteristics of Participants (Preprint)
Authors: Goedecke Julia H , Mendham Amy E , Clamp Louise , Nono Nankam Pamela A , Fortuin-de Smidt Melony C , Phiri Lindokuhle , Micklesfield Lisa K , Keswell Dheshnie , Woudberg Nicholas J , Lecour Sandrine , Alhamud Ali , Kaba Mamadou , Lutomia Faith M , van Jaarsveld Paul J , de Villiers Anniza , Kahn Steven E , Chorell Elin , Hauksson Jon , Olsson Tommy
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in black African women is complex and differs from that in their white counterparts. However, earlier studies have been cross-sectional and provide little insight into the causal pathways. Exercise training is consistently used as a model to examine the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance and risk for T2D.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study was to examine the mechanisms underlying the changes in insulin sensitivity and secretion in response to a 12-week exercise intervention in obese black South African (SA) women.

METHODS

A total of 45 obese (body mass index, BMI: 30-40 kg/m2) black SA women were randomized into a control (n=22) or experimental (exercise; n=23) group. The exercise group completed 12 weeks of supervised combined aerobic and resistance training (40-60 min, 4 days/week), while the control group maintained their typical physical activity patterns, and both groups were requested not to change their dietary patterns. Before and following the 12-week intervention period, insulin sensitivity and secretion (frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) and its primary and secondary determinants were measured. Dietary intake, sleep quality and quantity, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors were measured every 4 weeks.

RESULTS

The final sample included 20 exercise and 15 control participants. Baseline sociodemographics, cardiorespiratory fitness, anthropometry, cardiometabolic risk factors, physical activity, and diet did not differ between the groups (P>.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The study describes a research protocol for an exercise intervention to understand the mechanisms underlying insulin sensitivity and secretion in obese black SA women and aims to identify causal pathways underlying the high prevalence of insulin resistance and risk for T2D in black SA women, targeting specific areas for therapeutic intervention.

CLINICALTRIAL

Pan African Clinical Trial Registry PACTR201711002789113; http://www.pactr.org/ATMWeb/ appmanager/atm/atmregistry?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=portals_app_atmregistry_portal_page_13 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xLEFqKr0)
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF LIDOCAINE AND PRILOCAINE IN TOPICAL FORMULATION
Authors: M. Gowekar Narendra , Wadher Shailesh J
Published: October 2017

Objective: A simple, specific, accurate, and precise method, namely, reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography was to develop for simultaneous estimation of Lidocaine (LDC) and prilocaine (PLC) in a topical local anesthetic cream.Method: The mixture of PLC and LDC was separated on Hi Q Sil C18 HS column, (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), column temperature ambient and flow rate 1.2 mL/minutes. The mobile phase was acetonitrile: 0.01 M diethylamine solution (pH adjusts to 6.8 with orthophosphoric acid) (60:40) with detection at 225 nm.Results: The retention time was found to be 6.075±0.12 minutes for PLC and 8.642±0.15 minutes for LDC, respectively. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 1-6 μg/mL for both LDC and PLC, respectively. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guideline and values of linearity, precision, robustness, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, selectivity, and recovery were found to be in good accordance with the prescribed value.Conclusion: The proposed method can be useful in the quality control of LDC and PLC in their topical formulation.
IDENTIFYING RISK FACTORS FOR INCAUTIOUS USE OF NON-PRESCRIPTION DRUGS AMONG HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS’ STUDENTS IN EMIRATES
Authors: Al-kubaisi Khalid Awad , Stecroix Mark De , Vinson Don , Abduelkarem Abduelmula Rajab
Published: October 2017

Objective: The aim of this research is to identify risk factors for incautious use of oral non-prescription drugs (ONPD) and inform recommendations that promote cautious ONPD use among HEI students in the UAE.Methods: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted with 2875 students in three randomly selected UAE universities between January and April 2014.Results: More than half (1348; 57%) of participants reported using of ONPD in the past 90 days before study commencement. Of 1348 participants reported using ONPD, one-quarter (1348; 22.2%) of ONPD was classified as incautious ONPD usage. Analgesic/antipyretic (84.9%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (1028; 76.3%), and cough and cold drugs (562; 41.7%) were reported by the majority of participants as the most commonly used ONPD. 10 risk factors were identified for incautious ONPD use. Participants with age group of 21 years and older (OR=0.554, 95%; CI=0.373-0.823; p<0.001), female (OR=0.339, 95%; CI=0.236-0.486; p<0.001), and students from medical schools (OR=0.619, 95%; CI=0.435-0.882; p=0.008) had lower odds of being incautious users compared to lower age group, males, and students from non-medical schools. Furthermore, participants with a polypharmacy behavior had higher odds of being irresponsible ONPD user than monopharmacy users (OR=1.400, 95%; CI=1.030- 1.02; p<0.001).Conclusion: One of five students is an incautious ONPD user. There is a need for an educational and behavioral intervention to motivate students to be cautious users.
WARFARIN-INDUCED ALOPECIA: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: A Saurab , Ommurugan Balaji , Priya Amita , Patil Navin
Published: October 2017

As new drugs are developed everywhere worldwide to combat many diseases, side effects due to drugs are always a matter of concern. Warfarin is indicated for the treatment of venous thromboembolism over many decades and it is always associated with many side effects ranging from bleeding complications, gastrointestinal disturbances to skin necrosis. Hair fall with oral anticoagulants had always been a matter of debate and concern and so far, only very few case reports have been published on warfarin-induced hair loss. Hence, we report a case of warfarin-induced alopecia in a 39-year-old male in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India.
L-GLUTAMINE ERADICATES HELICOBACTER PYLORI GASTRITIS: A NOVEL CASE REPORT
Authors: Ommurugan Balaji , Priya Amita
Published: October 2017

Helicobacter pylori is the most common infection causing gastrointestinal diseases in the developing countries. It causes oxidative damage to gastric mucosal cells thereby altering the epithelial proliferation of these cells. With proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics being the mainstay in the management of symptoms, preclinical and clinical research is making inroads with novel therapeutic innovations to target the bacterium with the help of antioxidants. Hence, we report the first case of the treatment and eradication of H. pylori using L-glutamine, a sports medicine supplement with high antioxidant potential.
EFFECTS OF A PROPRIETARY BLEND RICH IN GLYCOSIDE BASED STANDARDIZED FENUGREEK SEED EXTRACT (IBPR) ON INFLAMMATORY MARKERS DURING ACUTE ECCENTRIC RESISTANCE EXERCISE IN YOUNG SUBJECTS
Authors: Wilborn Colin , Hayward Sara , Taylor Lem , Urbina Stacie , Foster Cliffa , Deshpande Pallavi , Mohan Vishwaraman , Thakurdesai Prasad
Published: October 2017

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a proprietary blend rich in glycoside based standardized fenugreek seed extract (400 mg) and minor quantities of curcumin and cinnamon (25 mg each) supplementation (IBPR) on inflammatory markers related to skeletal muscle soreness using double-blind placebo control, parallel design.Methods: A total of 20 healthy non-resistance trained young male and female subjects were assigned to ingest either IBPR or matching placebo for 14 days before the eccentric exercise bout. Subjects were instructed to perform 24 sets with 10 eccentric knee extensor repetitions (with one leg at 30°/s on an isokinetic device). Subjects had their blood drawn at baseline, immediately post, 1 hr, 3 hrs, and 24 hrs post-eccentric exercise. Efficacy in terms of serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1ra, IL-1b, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor) and safety in terms of kidney function (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, BUN to creatinine ratio), and differential leukocyte count were measured. The data of each parameter were analyzed by two-way repeated measure ANOVA.Results: Significant time-dependent effects were observed in IL1b, IL6, and creatinine values from baseline whereas significant treatment dependent effect was seen in IL-1ra. IBPR was found to be safe and well tolerated.Conclusion: IBPR supplementation showed a significant anti-inflammatory efficacy on eccentric exercise-induced inflammatory markers of skeletal muscle soreness in non-resistance trained subjects.
COW URINE DISTILLATE AS A BIOENHANCER FOR ANTIMICROBIAL & ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY AND REDISTILLED COW URINE DISTILLATE AS AN ANTICLASTOGEN AGENT
Authors: Mohanvel Sucharitha Kannappan , Rajasekharan Satish Kumar , Kandhari Trishna , Gopal Doss Balaji Prasanna Kumar , Thambidurai Yuvarani
Published: October 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to prove that cow urine distillate (CUD) is a bioenhancer for antimicrobial activity and antiproliferative activity, redistilled CUD (RCUD) as an anticlastogen agent.Methods: The antimicrobial activity of rifampicin with CUD at different concentrations was determined against pathogenic Escherichia coli by well puncture method. The Penicillin and ciprofloxacin in combination with CUD at different/increasing concentrations against pathogenic E. coli culture were also determined by disc diffusion method. Sulforaphane (ACA) as an anticancer agent was extracted from cruciferous vegetables and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The Breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) were treated with anticancer agents along with CUD in increasing concentrations. The anticlastogenic activity of RCUD in human peripheral lymphocytes was tested with clastogens such as manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium.Results: CUD showed to enhance the antimicrobial activity of rifampicin with 20 μl concentration by well puncture method; penicillin with increasing concentration of up to 80 μl and ciprofloxacin up to 80 μl, respectively, by disc diffusion method. The rate of degeneration of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) was increased with increasing concentration of CUD. Clastogen (MnO2) of 10 μl with 200 μl of RCUD showed effective anticlastogenic activity in agarose gel electrophoresis as the activity of clastogen decreased with increasing concentration of RCUD.Conclusion: CUD acts as a bioenhancer to increase antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. RCUD showed a high level of anticlastogenic activity toward clastogen. Thus, cow urine is found to have special properties that can be used in combination with different therapeutic agents to cure several diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, and cancer. Further in vivo and clinical studies are required to confirm its therapeutic efficacy
INDUCTION OF LABOR BY PROSTAGLANDIN: A REVIEW FOR INDICATIONS AND RISK FOR CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Tripathy Pravati , Baby Prasanna
Published: October 2017

Objective: Labor induction by medication is now preferred by many obstetricians. The impact of induction remains ambiguous, although many studies and systematic reviews have been conducted. Few studies have reported for its better outcomes while other studies with poor outcomes. The objective of the study is to identify the common indications of induction and the risk of cesarean section after induction.Methods: Various standardized databases, such as Pub Med, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were used to collect the scientific studies, where prostaglandin was used as drug of choice for induction of labor. The key words used were induction of labor, indications of induction, induction by misoprostol, induction and risk of cesarean section, etc. The survey spans over 22 years of study articles published from the year 1995-2017.Result: A total of 112 studies have been included to analyze the indications and risk of cesarean section. The most common indication found in most of the studies was post-term pregnancy. The risk of cesarean section varied from 3% to 48.7%. The common reasons for which the cesarean section was planned were, failed induction, nonprogress of labor, fetal distress, and undiagnosed CPD.Conclusion: Most of the studies recommend induction of labor as a safer option with lower risk of c-section.
A FATAL CASE OF BILATERAL INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA (BLIP): INTERFERON ALPHA 2 A INDUCED.
Authors: Ommurugan Balaji , Bairy Laxminarayana Kurady , Priya Amita , Thomas Joseph , Patil Navin
Published: October 2017

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare lymph proliferative disorder of mature CD4 T-cells caused by the human T-lymph tropic type 1 (HTLV 1) of retrovirus family. Combination of zidovudine and interferon Alfa combination is one of most commonly used regimen. Many drugs are implicated in causing interstitial lung disease. Hence, we report a case of interferon Alfa-induced bilateral interstitial pneumonia in a 32-year-old female patient diagnosed with ATLL with HTLV 1 positivity.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE STUDY OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY
Authors: Nikishov Sergey Nikolayevich , Osipova Irina Stanislavovna , Pronkina Elena Gennadyevna
Published: October 2017

Objective: The article focuses on the topical problem of the functioning of autobiographical memory, which is considered as a higher mental function. The aim of the research is to study autobiographical memory of people of different age groups using the method of free recall of events.Methods: The main parameters of the analysis are as follows: “Memories peak,” subjective importance of the events and dynamics of autobiographical memory.Results: The research results suggest that positive experiences dominate in the structure of autobiographical memory. This may indicate psychological protective mechanisms of a person. The dynamics of autobiographical memory is observed in all age groups. This results in changing the evaluation of events. This can be explained by a change in personality, the transformation of values, interests and moral principles of a person.Conclusion: The study revealed that subjects of all age groups primarily remember old events and, last of all, the events of the recent past.
PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CLONING OF PROTEASE FROM BACILLUS
Authors: Ramakrishnan Valya , Thambidurai Yuvarani , Rajasekharan Satish Kumar , Mohanvel Sucharitha Kannappan
Published: October 2017

Objective: The present research focused on amplification of protease gene from Bacillus strain which was then assessed for maximal enzyme activity.Methods: A putative Bacillus strain was isolated from soil, inoculated into protease production media, and optimized with appropriate pH and temperature conditions for maximal enzyme activity. Genomic DNA was isolated from the strain and amplified the fragment by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using gene-specific primers for protease. The fragment is then ligated into a T/A cloning vector and transformed into calcium chloride-treated competent Escherichia coli DH5α cells. The plasmids were then isolated and confirmed the presence of the gene.Results: A specific amplification of 1.1 kb was observed following PCR. The amplified product includes the coding sequence and a signal peptide sequence of the protease gene. After cloning with T/A cloning vector pTZ57R/T and transformed into E. coli DH5α competent cells, the recombinant plasmid was selected using blue-white selection. Plasmid DNA isolated from the recombinant strains and confirmed the presence of a gene of interest using PCR and quantified by an assay for maximal protease activity. The optimum pH was found to be 10.1 and giving an activity of 21.566 international unit (IU)/ml, and the optimum temperature was found to be on 60°C giving an activity of 38.708 IU/ml.Conclusion: Amplification of protease gene by PCR isolated from Bacillus strain and optimization of pH and temperature conditions for the assessment of subtilisin Carlsberg produced by it. Subtilisin which is protein engineered can be used in commercial products such as stain cutter, dishwashing detergents, cosmetics and food processing, and contact lens cleaner.
STERILITY TESTING PROCEDURE OF OPHTHALMIC OCUSERT ACICLOVIR USED FOR TREATING HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Authors: S Shanmugam , S Valarmathi , Kumars Satheesh
Published: October 2017

Objective: The present work focuses on sterility studies of prepared aciclovir ocusert which is so essential for ophthalmic preparations. According to Indian Pharmacopoeia, the sterility test was performed. Ocuserts are sterile preparations which are placed into cul-de-sac or conjunctival sac. Ophthalmic inserts offer many advantages over conventional dosage forms such as increased ocular residence time, possibility of releasing drugs at a slow and constant rate and accurate dosing. Ocuserts are formulated for treating external ocular diseases such as conjuctivitis, corneal ulcer, and keratoconjuctivitis. Ophthalmic preparations contaminated with microorganisms cause corneal damage and finally blindness, especially if the microorganism is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ophthalmic preparations should be manufactured in aseptic condition and to be sterilized before packing.Methods: According to Indian Pharmacopoeia, the official sterility test for ocusert was performed for detecting the presence of microbes. The selected F2 formulation which shows controlled drug release after 24 hrs was selected for the sterility test. The F2 formulation was subjected to ultraviolet radiation for sterilization. The sterilized ocusert and unsterilized ocusert were placed in fluid thioglycollate medium and incubated for 7 days at 20-25oC.Results: After 7 days of incubation, the sterilized ocusert shows no microbial growth and unsterilized ocusert shows microbial growth. The prepared aciclovir ocuserts were found to be sterile after the completion of official sterility test.Conclusion: The sterility studies conclude after 7 days of incubation period; there was no appearance of turbidity which indicates the prepared formulation F2 was found to be sterile.
ONCOLYTIC VIRAL THERAPY IN CANCER THERAPEUTICS
Authors: Vengadaragava Chary Krishnan , Bharatwaj Anish
Published: October 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to provide comprehensive information of oncolytic viral therapy, from the origin to present scenario.Methods: This observational study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai between July and December 2016. Date regarding ongoing oncolytic virotherapy trials was retrieved from clinical trial database, United States and Clinical trial registry forum, India. Tamilnogene approval details were obtained from the US-Food and Drug Administration approval new drug approval information.Results: Eleven ongoing trials in Phase I and Ia are being carried out, of which 4 viral strains such as herpes, adenovirus, measles, and reovirus are used for intracerebral malignancies. Four trials have shown superior effects and seven trial results are yet to be completed.Conclusion: Oncolytic viral therapy can be as effective as targeted therapy in battling against cancer; however, long-term efficacy and safety should be established from more studies and meta-analysis.
PYRIMIDINE INCORPORATED SCHIFF BASE OF ISONIAZID WITH THEIR SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION
Authors: Soni Hetal I , Patel Navin B
Published: October 2017

Objective: Versatile biological activities of nitrogen containing heterocycles in medicinal chemistry, mainly pyrimidine and pyridine ring based heterocyclic moieties are very important. Pharmaceutical important of pyrimidine and isoniazid moiety prompted us to synthesize isoniazid clubbed pyrimidine derivatives and evaluated for antimicrobial and antituberculosis activity.Method: 2-(2-(3-bromo benzylidene)-1-isonicotinoyl hydrazinyl)-N-(4-(substituted phenyl)-6-(substituted aryl) pyrimidin-2-yl) acetamide 2(A-J) have been synthesized by condensation reaction of 2-chloro-N-[4-(substituted phenyl)-6-(substituted aryl) pyrimidin-2-yl] acetamide and N’-[(E)- (3-bromophenyl) methylidene]pyridine-4-carbohydrazide. All newly synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus pyogenes, antifungal against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus clavatus, and antituberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV.Results: Majority of the compounds exhibited good antibacterial, antifungal, and antituberculosis activity. All titled compounds were characterized by spectral analyses (infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy).Conclusion: 2-(2-(3-bromo benzylidene)-1-isonicotinoyl hydrazinyl)-N-(4-(substituted phenyl)-6-(substituted aryl) pyrimidin-2-yl) acetamide 2(A-J) showed good antimicrobial activity and comparatively good antituberculosis activity. Hence, all the compounds of this series considered for future investigation mainly in area of antibacterial, antifungal study.
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS, IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY STUDIES ON CLEOME GYNANDRA L. (LEAVES): A TRADITIONAL DRUG SOURCE
Authors: Saravanan Renuka , Pemaiah Brindha , Narayanan Mahesh , Ramalingam Sivakumar
Published: October 2017

Objective: This study was aimed to assess the phytoconstituents, cytotoxic, and antioxidant efficacy of ethyl extract of Cleome gynandra leaves.Methods: Qualitative phytochemical analysis with different solvent extracts was performed. Quantitative and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the extract was performed with ethyl acetate extract. The cytotoxic effect of the ethyl acetate extract was determined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells using taxol as standard and free radical scavenging ability using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).Results: Leaves extracts with different solvents revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate of the plant leaves showed the presence of n-hexadecanoic acid. The IC50 value of the ethyl acetate extract was found to be 90.2 μg/ml on MCF-7 cell line, and the extract was found to possess significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity.Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that the C. gynandra extract possesses antioxidant and antiproliferating activity against MCF-7 cells.
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF AAVAARAI VIDHAI CHOORANAM
Authors: Ks Uma , P Parthiban , S Kalpana
Published: October 2017

Objective: To study the organoleptic characters, physio chemical properties and preliminary phytochemicals screening of Siddha formulations Aavaarai Vidhai Chooranam (AVC).Methods: The study drug, AVC was prepared as per procedure given in the text Neerizhivu maruthuvam. Organoleptic characteristics were assessed by appearance, colour, taste and odour. The physiochemical property of trial drug was screened for moisture content, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble extractive value, alcohol soluble extractive value, pH, reducing sugar, total sugar, total solid content and fat content. Preliminary Phytochemical evaluation of AVC was carried out by the standard procedure. The drug was screened for alkaloids, amino acids & proteins, anthraxquinone, carbohydrate, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols quinones, resins, saponins, steroids tanins, terpenoids and sugar. For which the aqueous extraction of the trial drug was taken by dissolving the 5 g of sample with 50 ml of distilled water and heated over water bath at 60°C. Then extract was filtered and used the filtrates for testing.Results: The trial drug, AVC shown organoleptic characters as per literature evidence, physiochemical properties as moisture content, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble extractive value, alcohol soluble extractive value, pH, reducing sugar, total sugar, total solid content and fat content were found within normal limits, preliminary phytochemical test showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, carbohydrate, proteins, phenols and sugar.Conclusion: Organoleptic characters, physio chemical properties and preliminary photochemica shows that the drug has the quality and potency to treat against diabetes mellitus. To confirm this activity, further research should be done to assess the safety and efficacy of the drug AVC.
IN VITRO ANTICANCER AND ANTI-LIPOXYGENASE ACTIVITIES OF CHIA SEED OIL AND ITS BLENDS WITH SELECTED VEGETABLE OILS
Authors: Gazem Ramzi Abdulrashed Abdulkhaleq , Ramesh Puneeth Honnalagere , Shivmadhu Madhu, Chakkere , Chandrashekaraiah Sharada Angatahalli
Published: October 2017

Objective: To investigate the anticancer and anti-inflammatory potential of chia seed oil (CSO) and its blends in vitro.Methods: The in vitro cancer cytotoxic properties ability of CSO and its blends was evaluated by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) and trypan blue assays using major cell lines including chronic myelogenous leukemia, HeLa and MCF-7 cells. The anti-inflammatory effect of the CSO and its blends was studied by assessing the anti-lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in vitro.Results: Incubation with CSO alone significantly inhibited the LOX activity. In the combination groups, CSO slightly increased the inhibition among blends of soybean and palmolein oils. In addition, CSO alone and in blends demonstrated potent and differential anticancer activity in MTT and trypan blue assays.Conclusion: Our results pave the way for the conclusion that CSO alone or in combination with the vegetable oils proves to be a healthy synergistic supplement or an adjuvant for the current diet. The supplementation with CSO is suggested for the modern lifestyle to delay or prevent the incidence of degenerative disorders.
AN UPDATE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOXAZOLES
Authors: M Jyothi , Merugu Ramchander
Published: October 2017

Benzoxazoles being structurally similar to bases adenine and guanine interact with biomolecules present in living systems. These compounds possess antimicrobial, central nervous system activities, antihyperglycemic potentiating activity, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. It can also be used as starting material for other bioactive molecules. Modifications in structure and the biological profiles of new generations of benzoxazoles were found to be more potent with enhanced biological activity. Considering all these, we have prepared this review and discussed the synthesis and biological activities of benzoxazoles.
IDENTIFICATION OF FREQUENT PROMOTER METHYLATION OF DEATH-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE IN LIQUID-BASED PAPANICOLAOUS TEST SAMPLES IN VIETNAMESE POPULATION
Authors: Truong Phuong Kim , Lao Thuan Duc , Le Thuy Ai Huyen
Published: October 2017

Objective: The infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18, is known to cause cervical cancer (CC); however, aberrant DNA methylation of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK), a member of tumor suppressor gene family, are required for cervical tumorigenesis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the hypermethylation frequency of CpG belonged to DAPK promoter, in Vietnamese patients, as well as to study about the association between hypermethylation, and high-risk HPV infection leading to CC.Methods: Methylation-specific-polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was performed to analyze methylation status from 109 liquid-based papanicolaous test samples, collected from local hospital and were identified whether HPV/or non-HPV, high-risk/low-risk HPV infection, then was confirmed by sequencing.Results: In the case of high-risk HPV infection, the frequency of DAPK gene hypermethylation was 66.67% (24 of 36 cases). Meanwhile, low hypermethylation status was found in low-risk and non-HPV infection, counting for 12.0% (3 of 25 cases), 2.1% (1 of 48 cases), respectively. Significant association of DAPK hypermethylation with high-risk, low-risk, and non-HPV infection was observed (p<0.0001). The DAPK hypermethylation increased the possibility to CC in the case of high-risk HPV infected with high incidence: Odds ratio=34.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]=10.15-117.23, p<0.01), relative risk=12.2 (95% CI=4.56-32.42, p<0.01).Conclusion: Based on those data, it suggested that MSP carried out on noninvasive samples will lead to potential method to screening, diagnosis and early diagnosis of cervical carcinoma in Vietnamese population.
2-HYDROXY-4-METHOXYBENZALDEHYDE, AN ASTOUNDING FOOD FLAVORING METABOLITE: A REVIEW
Authors: Rathi Neelima , Harwalkar Keerthana , V Jayashree , Sharma Ashwani , Rao Nagashree N
Published: October 2017

Objective: Rich endowment of traditional knowledge plays a critical role in health care, food security, culture, environment and development. Traditional knowledge is also widely used by the aromatic, flavoring, food and health industries. Plant-based traditional medicine has often been used to identify and fast-track the development of modern food and drugs. Plants synthesize such wide array of secondary metabolites that includes alkaloids, glucosinolates, terpenoids and phenylpropanoids. This study is aimed to review on indigenous and exotic medicinal plants containing an astounding food flavoring metabolite; 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB).Material and Method: The review focuses on the isomer of vanillin, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde, also called MBALD, HMB, or 2H4MB, a flavor compound that is generally found in the roots and rhizomes of medicinal plants. This food flavoring phenylpropenoid is one of the least investigated isomers of vanillin. HMB is known to exhibit a wide array of medicinal properties. Though the molecular role of these metabolites remains largely unknown, they are known to play a key role in plant-environment interactions/stress response/defence signaling and application in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.Discussion and Conclusion: One of the key secondary metabolites is the group of phenylproponoids synthesized either through shikimic acid pathway or the malonate/acetate pathway. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is the enzyme involved in phenylpropanoid pathway catalysing the deamination of phenylalanine to synthesize cinnamic acid that subsequently synthesizes variety of phenylpropanoid products. Inspite of its medicinal importance, the regulatory molecular mechanism underlying the biosynthetic pathway is largely unknown.