bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of Uncertainty in Mental Reconstruction of Danger and Safety
Authors: Krasnianskaya Tatiana M. , Tylets Valery G.
Published: April 2024

Subjective images of danger and security depend on the context of uncertainty. This article introduces a mental reconstruction of danger and safety for different types of uncertainty. The authors used the methods of associative experiment, subjective ranking, and semantic differential. The empirical data were processed by averaging, ranking, factor analysis, and the Mann-Whitney criterion. The survey involved students from several Russian metropolitan and provincial universities (19–20 y.o.; n = 105; 74 females). Danger demonstrated a less complex mental structure than safety. The mental reconstruction of danger / safety included three types of uncertainty. Temporal uncertainty included period, time, and frequency of danger / safety. Objective uncertainty was connected with the place, environment, and source of danger / safety. Subjective uncertainty covered controllability, scale, and cause of danger / safety. Uncertainty proved more important for danger than for safety. The subjective level of danger grew together with objective uncertainty, especially when the source of danger was unclear, and went down with temporal uncertainty. The subjective level of security increased with temporal and subjective uncertainty and decreased with objective uncertainty. When the subjective significance of danger and safety went up, the differentiation of uncertainty in their assessment became less significant. The study identified the effect of variability of uncertainty on the mental reconstruction made by the subjects of danger / security, as well as identified some understudied areas.
The News Media in Raising Conflicts Tension: A Critical Study Toward News Conflict Between Israel and Palestine
Authors: AR M Fikri
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes the news about conflict between Israel and Palestine in online news media Foxnews.com on May 2021. The characteristics of news from these news media have quite specific characteristics, which is a strong tone, using open visualization, inviting debate, and succeeding in getting thousands of comments from the audience. In this point, even though the news is read by many people, it is also has the potential to exacerbate conflict in the field. This study adopts Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis method which develops analysis from the microstructure, superstructure, and macrostructure levels. The micro structure level looks at the local meaning of the news text from the choice of diction, sentence structure, and rhetoric. Then, the super structure level examines the news scheme, consisting of introduction, content and conclusion. Furthermore, macro structural analysis tries to see the global meaning of news texts by looking at news topics and the surrounding social context. The results of the study show that the Israel and Palestine conflict is not only due to the conflict of one of the group carrying out the attack. But at the same time it was also caused by hard conflict news, there was trauma to the victims in the conflict, as well as the global security conditions still not stable until now.   
Kurdish EFL learners’ perceptions about the Use of Smartphone Applications for Language Learning
Authors: Hasib Sonia Faruq , Badawi Soran
Published: April 2024

This study explored Kurdish EFL learners’ attitudes toward using smartphone applications for language learning. The data collection instrument was a five-point Likert-Scale questionnaire and the population was (101) students from departments of Medical Laboratory Science, General Science, and Chemistry Science – Charmo University. The results showed that the learners generally have a positive attitude towards using smartphone applications for English language learning. Also, the results suggest that learners generally agree that smartphone applications are useful and accessible tool for language learning. Regarding social media applications, the results indicated that learners who use social media platforms generally look for language-learning content. Nonetheless, the findings demonstrated that higher utilization of smartphone applications may not be necessarily associated with a perceived gain in proficiency. Consequently, language teachers must lead and assist students in learning how to utilize applications in general and those specifically created for language learning in particular. Therefore, EFL teachers’ roles change from manager to facilitator. It is the teacher’s responsibility to assist students in locating suitable material on the internet, which leads to mastery of the target language.
Modelo productivo para el cultivo de yopo (Mimosa trianae Benth) en el departamento del Meta
Authors: Correa Pinilla Diana Elisa , Gutiérrez Vanegas Albert Julesmar , Moreno Barragán Jessica , Castañeda Garzón Sandra Liliana , Molina Romero Adriana María , López Hernández Ferney Giovanny , Camargo Tamayo Hebert , Zuluaga Peláez Jhon Jairo , Campos Pinzón Juan Carlos , Ostos Triana Manuel Eduardo
Published: April 2024

El yopo (Mimosa trianae Benth) es una especie nativa de importancia económica y cultural en la Orinoquía colombiana, ya que su madera es empleada como leña para la preparación del plato típico conocido como mamona, se ha adaptado a las condiciones de acidez de los suelos de la región y hace parte del paisaje llanero integrándose en sistemas agroforestales y silvopastoriles. El uso de este recurso forestal maderable amerita conocer sus características y desarrollo en condiciones del piedemonte llanero. El Modelo productivo para el cultivo de yopo (Mimosa trianae Benth) en el departamento del Meta, recopila información sobre la especie y los principales resultados de estudios desarrollados por la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA). Integra información del entorno ambiental, aspectos botánicos, fenológicos, morfológicos y de propagación, así como sistemas de siembra y prácticas culturales; igualmente, se incorporan los datos sobre crecimiento, producción de biomasa, interceptación de lluvia, aporte de sombra y entomofauna asociada. Este modelo es una herramienta que, bajo el enfoque de territorio, brinda información base para la toma de decisiones y la priorización de inversiones por parte de los productores, al incluir los indicadores económicos obtenidos en el estudio de mercado.
Effects of Injury Registry Data on Policy Making, Hospitalizations, and Mortality: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Medeiros-de-Souza Ana Cláudia , Lopes Luana Emanuelly Sinhori , de Oliveira Bruno Zocca , Rother Edna Terezinha , Correia Lucas Reis
Published: April 2024

Background

Initiated in 2021, a Brazilian project aims to establish a national injury registry, compiling comprehensive data on events and individuals across the country, irrespective of injury severity. The registry integrates information from prehospital and hospital care, diverse health systems lacking interoperability, and sectors such as firefighters and the police. Its primary goal is to enhance health surveillance by providing timely, high-quality information, guiding prevention strategies, and informing policy making. The project still aims to reduce long-term morbidity and mortality associated with injuries.

Objective

A knowledge gap remains regarding the effects of injury registries in relation to policies and injury outcomes. This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis to answer “What is the effect of implementation and use of injury registry data on policy making, hospitalization, and mortality?”

Methods

The systematic review follows PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, focusing on studies reporting results related to the implementation and use of injury registries, including trauma registries. Outcomes of interest include policy making, hospitalization rates or duration, and mortality. Registries within well-defined administrative boundaries will be included. Data will be collected from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, and references. Records will be independently screened by 2 reviewers, with any disagreements resolved through arbitration by a third reviewer. Homogeneous studies, with 3 or more evaluating the same outcome, may undergo meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses by registry type, injury groups, and other selected variables of interest will be conducted. Sensitivity analysis, risk of bias assessment, publication bias evaluation, and quality appraisal will also be performed.

Results

This systematic review will run from November 2023 to June 2024. No identical review was found. Search strategies were finalized, the bibliographic search started, duplicates were eliminated, and title and abstract screening began. Of 35 studies retrieved, 85 were excluded due to duplication, leaving 50 for selection.

Conclusions

This study is timely, aligning with ongoing national efforts to implement an injury registry. By synthesizing available evidence, we will identify the potential of injury registries to guide the decisions of Brazilian policy makers.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42023481528; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=481528

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/55029
Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability Framework for Safe and Effective Large Language Models in Medical Education: Narrative Review and Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Quttainah Majdi , Mishra Vinaytosh , Madakam Somayya , Lurie Yotam , Mark Shlomo
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The world has witnessed increased adoption of large language models (LLMs) in the last year. Although the products developed using LLMs have the potential to solve accessibility and efficiency problems in health care, there is a lack of available guidelines for developing LLMs for health care, especially for medical education.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the enablers for developing successful LLMs for medical education. We further evaluated the relationships among these identified enablers.

METHODS

A narrative review of the extant literature was first performed to identify the key enablers for LLM development. We additionally gathered the opinions of LLM users to determine the relative importance of these enablers using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), which is a multicriteria decision-making method. Further, total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) was used to analyze the perspectives of product developers and ascertain the relationships and hierarchy among these enablers. Finally, the cross-impact matrix-based multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC) approach was used to determine the relative driving and dependence powers of these enablers. A nonprobabilistic purposive sampling approach was used for recruitment of focus groups.

RESULTS

The AHP demonstrated that the most important enabler for LLMs was credibility, with a priority weight of 0.37, followed by accountability (0.27642) and fairness (0.10572). In contrast, usability, with a priority weight of 0.04, showed negligible importance. The results of TISM concurred with the findings of the AHP. The only striking difference between expert perspectives and user preference evaluation was that the product developers indicated that cost has the least importance as a potential enabler. The MICMAC analysis suggested that cost has a strong influence on other enablers. The inputs of the focus group were found to be reliable, with a consistency ratio less than 0.1 (0.084).

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first to identify, prioritize, and analyze the relationships of enablers of effective LLMs for medical education. Based on the results of this study, we developed a comprehendible prescriptive framework, named CUC-FATE (Cost, Usability, Credibility, Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Explainability), for evaluating the enablers of LLMs in medical education. The study findings are useful for health care professionals, health technology experts, medical technology regulators, and policy makers.
TATALAKSANA NYERIPOSTOPERATIF PADA INFANT
Authors: Hernandes Crodia , Widyastuti Yunita , Sari Djayanti
Published: April 2024

Nyeri postoperatif merupakan masalah yang tidak dapat dihindari dalam kondisi paska tindakan operatif. Tatalaksana nyeri yang efektif merupakan hal yang terpenting bagi setiap pasien yang menjalani pembedahan. Nyeri yang terkendali memberikan efek fisiologis yang baik, sehingga tatalaksana nyeri menjadi penilaian postoperatif. Berbagai cara pengendalian nyeri postoperatif. Agen opioid merupakan analgesia postoperatif yang umum digunakan dan teknik blok regional sudah banyak digunakan untuk penanganan nyeri pada pediatrik, baik terkait dengan fasilitasi tindakan operasi maupun kondisi medis lain yang memerlukananalgesi adekuat.
Cost Effectiveness General Anesthesia Combined with Scalp Block Compared to General Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Removal Tumor Craniotomyin Dr. Sardjito Hospital
Authors: Wicaksono Galih Sahid , Sudadi  , Uyun Yusmein
Published: April 2024

Background. Providers of anesthesia services have many opportunities to reduce these costs, of course with the aim of maintaining balance between profit, security and costs. Craniotomy surgery removal of the scalp block tumor is an alternative option that can be combined with general anesthesia. The scalp block itself can blunt stress response in craniotomy and can maintain unwanted hemodynamic instability.

Purpose. Find out the cost effectiveness of the scalp block in craniotomy patients removing tumors at Dr. SARDJITO Hospital.

Method. Method. Twenty patients ranging in age from 18 - 65 years with intracranial tumors who underwent tumor binding craniotomy at RSUP Dr. SARDJITO is grouped into two treatment groups with general anesthesia and general anesthesia with a combination of scalp blocks, both techniques are calculated using drugs and consumables during the operation.

Results. Total cost on the general anesthesia combined scalp block was Rp. 1,347,276 lower Rp. 377,833 compared to general anesthesia Rp. 1,725,109 with a significant difference                       (p = 0.005). Similarly, the hourly cost of the group in the combined general anesthesia scalp block was Rp. 286,351 Rp. 97,107 lower than general anesthesia Rp. 383,457 with a significant difference (p = 0.038).

Conclusion. Combination of general anesthesia and scalp block using 0.5% levobupivacaine more cost effective than general anesthesia and scalp block with placebo in supratentorial tumor patients undergoing tumor removal craniotomy.
THE OPIOID INTRATEKAL PADA ENHANCED RECOVERY AFTER SURGERY (ERAS)
Authors: Loho Irvan Revaldi
Published: April 2024

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) adalah sebuah protocol multidisiplin yang diperkenalkan untuk suatu mendapatkan pemulihan dari bedah elektif yang lebih cepat dan efektif. Target dari ERAS adalah mobilisasi dini, nutrisi oral dini dan length of stay (LOS) yang lebih cepat. Preoperatif ERAS merekomendasikan optimalisasi keadaan klinis pasien, berhenti merokok, minimalisir puasa dan minum cairan bening kaya karbohidrat hingga 2 jam sebelum pembedahan, mengurangi anxietas pasien, dan profilaksis PONV. Intraoperatif, ERAS merekomendasikan penggunaan analgesi multimodal, pemeliharaan suhu tubuh normal, dan goal-directed fluid therapy. Postoperatif, ERAS merekomendasikan multimodal analgesi agar pasien dapat mobilisasi secara dini dan makan secara dini. Terapi Opioid intratekal dapat menjadi salah satu opsi dalam mencapai tujuan dari ERAS. Penggunaan Opioid yang optimal adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi efektifitas pada pasien dengan protocol ERAS.
FAKTOR RISIKO YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA KOMPLIKASI KARDIOVASKULAR PASCA PEMBIUSAN/SEDASI PROSEDURAL PADA PASIEN PEDIATRI
Authors: Hendra Hendra hermawan
Published: April 2024

Background: The morphology and physiology of neonates and children differ from those of adults. The most common complications encountered involve respiratory issues followed by cardiovascular problems. The predominant cardiovascular complications in the field of pediatric anesthesia are hemodynamic instability followed by cardiac arrest. Perioperative cardiovascular complications are closely related to a history of prematurity under the age of 1 year, ASA physical status ≥3, concomitant cardiovascular or metabolic diseases, emergency surgeries, and surgical procedures. To date, few risk factors related to the cardiovascular system have been identified in pediatric anesthesia.

 

Objective: To identify risk factors influencing the occurrence of post-anesthesia/sedation cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta.

 

Method: The research design employed in this study was a prospective cohort observation of pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia or procedural sedation at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Research subject data included demographic characteristics, ASA status, history of concomitant diseases, type of surgery, urgency level, and post-anesthesia complication occurrences. Data normality was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, bivariate analysis was conducted using the Fisher test, variables with p-value <0.25 underwent multivariate analysis using logistic regression for categorical data. The results were processed using SPSS version 23.00.

 

Results: A total of 181 subjects were predominantly male patients aged >5 years. Factors influencing post-anesthetic cardiovascular complications included ASA physical status ≥3 (p=0.033) OR 8.96 (95% CI 2.07 – 38.89), emergency procedures (p=0.043) OR 12.63 (95% CI 1.08 – 147.15), age >5 years (p=0.033) OR 5.67 (95% CI 1.15 – 28.1), female gender (p=0.001) OR 7.85 (95% CI 2.23 – 27.71), and type of surgical procedure (p=0.017) OR 16.64 (95% CI 1.63 – 169.05).

 

Conclusion: Age >5 years, female gender, ASA physical status ≥3, emergency procedures, and surgical procedures are risk factors associated with the occurrence of post-anesthetic/sedation cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients.
The Non-Pharmacological Management of Shivering Post-Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Rade Agrawijaya
Published: April 2024

Shivering (menggigil) merupakan efek samping dari hipotermia yang mencakup gerakan tak sadar dan kontraksi satu atau lebih kelompok otot yang tidak dapat dikendalikan oleh pasien. Shivering perioperatif adalah masalah umum selama operasi di bawah spinal anesthesia. Anestesi spinal dapat menyebabkan kondisi shivering pada pasien karena menyebabkan distribusi internal panas tubuh dari inti tubuh ke lingkungan Tatalaksana nonfarmakologis secara aktif untuk mengatasi shivering post spinal anestesia diantaranya penggunaan IV fluid warmed, forced-air warming, dan Lower dan Upper Body Forced Air Blanket.

 

Kata kunci: shivering, spinal anesthesia, IV fluid warmed, forced-air warming, dan Lower dan Upper Body Forced Air Blanket.
Marx’s Riddle Metaphor about History: Based on the Discussion of “The Riddle of History”
Authors: Li Jing
Published: April 2024

Ancient Greek philosophers believed that the eternal truths were wrapped in riddles, and the deciphering of these riddles constituted a process of unraveling the objective world and understanding oneself, ultimately leading to a scientific comprehension of the hidden inner patterns. History, being an open-ended riddle, manifests different facets of enigma at various periods, displaying a profound complexity and secrecy. Marx employs the metaphor of riddle in his analysis of essence of history, forming a distinctive mode of contemplation characterized by the interplay of “distinguishing the riddle” and “solving the riddle,” encapsulated within his renowned discussion on the “riddle of history.” The riddle of history is not an abstract, mystical concealment of truth, but rather, the objectivity of the driving laws and the connection between experience determine the universality and realistic value of “riddle” as a metaphor for the real predicament of human existence. Portraying the development of history as a grand game between distinguishing and solving riddles should not hinder our understanding of the world but serve as an effective medium and means. Through the discernment of “riddle facets,” it continually inspires us to maintain curiosity and enthusiasm for the unknown within the ongoing process of historical development.
IDIOSYNCRATIC ELEMENTS IN MUSIC-RELATED GESTURE-SOUND RELATIONSHIPS: A HINDUSTANI DUET PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Authors: Paschalidou Stella
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the correlation between body movements and the voice in the context of North Indian Classical (or else Hindustani) vocal music, specifically focusing on its Dhrupad subgenre. In particular, it examines manual interactions with imaginary objects (MIIOs) commonly observed among vocalists, including actions such as stretching, pulling, pushing, and throwing, as well as the physical effort exerted on these occasions. The analysis employs video observations of originally recorded audio-visual material from a Dhrupad vocal improvisation performance. A previous association analysis conducted between MIIO gesture classes, perceived effort levels, and melodic aspects revealed a certain level of consistency among the two vocalists, albeit with individual variations revealing an idiosyncratic aspect in the way these gestures might be expressed. Given that the selected performers (brothers, Umakant and Ramakant Gundecha) share the same musical background and experience and that they are recorded singing in duet in a single performance of the same melodic mode (raga), instead of examining their common gesturing manners, the current paper focuses exclusively on the idiosyncratic deviations in gesturing habits observed between the two brothers and the associations of these gestures to their melodic counterparts. The analysis relies on quantitative statistical methods of pertinent movement and acoustic features, and the results yield valuable insights in ethnomusicology and embodied music cognition. They additionally offer crucial guidance on the use of music technologies and motion capture methods to develop quantitative approaches that complement existing qualitative methodologies.
THE CONCEPTUALISATION OF MUSIC IN THE FRENCH AND SERBIAN LANGUAGES
Authors: Marceta Jovana
Published: April 2024

Word associations are an important part of cognitive-linguistic and ethnolinguistic research on semantics. Associative responses to stimulus words provide important information about their lexical meaning. In cognitive studies, there is a vast interest in examining the connection between language and music. The aim of this research is to determine and compare the conceptualisations of music in the French and Serbian languages through the associative connection between the stimulus word music and the responses given by French and Serbian students. The conceptual organisation of the associative material will establish the extent to which the perception of music in the two observed linguacultural communities is specific, and the extent to which it expresses universal characteristics. The empirical material for the research was excerpted from two associative dictionaries of French and Serbian.
THE CONCURRENT VALIDITY OF MOTION X-RAY TECHNOLOGY UTILISING POLAR VERITY SENSE TO MEASURE VELOCITY, FORCE AND POWER – PILOT STUDY
Authors: Aleksić Jelena , Gkatzaveli Sofia , Tasić Lazar , Obrenović Miloš , Stojanović Nenad , Ćuk Ivan
Published: April 2024

The assessment of force, velocity, and power is useful in order to develop an athlete’s sports performance and avoid any possible injuries. The aim of this study is to assess concurrent validity by using Polar Verity Sense with Motion X-Ray technology in order to measure velocity, force, and power in bench press exercises and compare them with the golden standard (i.e., Qualisys 3D kinematics). This pilot study focused on three male recreational lifters aged 28, with between five and ten years of experience, and a 1RM bench press of 100kg. The procedure lasted for two days. On the first day, 1 RM was assessed on a Smith machine. After seven days, the participants performed two sets of seven bench press repetitions with a 50kg bar on the same machine. The first set was a trial, and the second was analysed. The collected data was analysed using the Polar Verity sensor with Motion X-Ray technology, and 3D kinematic analysis with Qualysis. There were no significant statistical differences between these two systems (p < 0.05), while Pearson correlation showed a high and significant correlation between them (r > 0.692 < 0.999; p < 0.05). This research sets the basis of a new measurement process, which will be easier and more affordable. Future research could focus on bigger research samples, different types of exercise, and faster movements.
STRUCTURED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING SCHOOL RECESS: MORE THAN PHYSICAL FITNESS BENEFITS
Authors: Kermeci Silvija , Đorđić Višnja
Published: April 2024

Regular physical activity is associated with numerous health benefits in school children and adolescents. Therefore, it is important to create a supportive environment that promotes physical activity, especially in schools. In order to examine the effects of two recess-based interventions on children’s physical fitness and optimism, and involvement in school’s violence, a prospective study was conducted. The sample comprised of 210 primary school students attending grades one through four (101 boys, 109 girls), assigned to two Intervention groups (IG1, IG2) and a Control group (CG). For eight weeks, IG1 was provided with exercise equipment, IG2 was exposed to daily structured physical activity during recess, and CG had regular recess. Pre- and post-intervention measurements revealed significant differences (p ≤ .05) between groups in physical fitness and optimism, with IG2 (structured physical activity) scoring most favourably. In addition, the percentage of students who were not involved in peer violence as perpetrators significantly increased in IG2 during the intervention. IG1 performed the best in the agility test, and CG achieved the lowest fitness and optimism scores. No other significant differences were detected. Structured physical activity during recess might be a promising strategy of optimising students’ health and school climate.
VENI, VIDI, VICI GENDER INEQUALITY IN SPORT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA – DID WOMEN REALLY WIN THIS GAME?
Authors: Tasić Anđelija
Published: April 2024

Even though there are no international or national documents that would allow or encourage unjustified differences in treatment between women and men, the fact is that some areas of life are still seen as belonging to men. Sports are, certainly, at the top of that ladder. It is considered a predominantly male field, shaped according to men and seen through the eyes of men. However, with the development of human rights and the mechanism for their protection, the awareness of the equality of women and men in sports has increased. The Republic of Serbia made a set of legal rules regarding: (1) discrimination in general; (2) sports; and, finally, (3) discrimination in sports. This paper aims to present and analyse the normative and strategic frame of the protection against discrimination in sports, to examine the current case law in front of the relevant institutions, and to point out the latest tendencies in the field of gender equality and sports.
Consideraciones psicológicas del consumo de alimentos (Parte 1)
Authors: Delgado Jacobo Dolores Patricia
Published: April 2024

La conducta alimentaria es un comportamiento que se relaciona con los hábitos de alimentación, la selección de alimentos que se ingieren, las preparaciones de los propios alimentos y las cantidades que se ingieren. Los estilos de alimentación, preferencias y rechazos hacia alimentos específicos, corresponden al aprendizaje y las experiencias vividas de la persona. Existen factores que se relacionan con la conducta alimentaria, como la personalidad y el estilo de afrontamiento, que pueden ser intermediarios en el comportamiento alimentario. Se consideran dos directrices permiten identificar los factores psicobiológicos de la conducta alimentaria a partir de las funciones nutricias de los alimentos en el organismo y en los procesos cognoscitivos, conductuales, emocionales y de salud, por lo que en este artículo se describen cuatro componentes psicológicos del consumo de alimentos: la vinculación de conducta y emociones; las cogniciones; la salud y las relaciones social y entorno.
Conceptos básicos de la obesidad y el sobrepeso
Authors: Cruz Campos Fabiola Janeth , Delgado Jacobo Dolores Patricia
Published: April 2024

La obesidad es considerada actualmente uno de los problemas más importantes a tratar, es un reto sanitario a nivel mundial, debido a que es cada vez más frecuente la adopción de hábitos alimenticios poco saludables, que es uno de los factores que se encuentra íntimamente relacionado con el sobrepeso y la obesidad, además de las problemáticas que conllevan las comorbilidades asociadas. Para la OMS (2021) la Obesidad es una compleja enfermedad multifactorial no transmisible, factor de riesgo a otras enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) y un factor de riesgo modificable en la Diabetes Tipo 2, que se asocia a problemas de salud mental y limitaciones funcionales de diferente índole. La obesidad se asocia con un espectro muy amplio de alteraciones fisiopatológicas como lo es la sobrecarga de volumen, hipertensión, desregulación metabólica, activación neurohumoral e inflamación sistémica. Las causales principales son la genética, la biología, el acceso a la atención de salud, la salud mental, la alimentación, los factores socioculturales, la economía, el medio ambiente y los intereses comerciales. En este trabajo se realiza un abordaje de los principales conceptos asociados a la obesidad, que permiten una mayor y mejor comprensión del tema, comprende algunas de las definiciones más claras, la epidemiología, la fisiopatología, el mecanismo para el diagnóstico y las propuestas para el tratamiento.
From Text to Recommendations: How Vector Databases are Revolutionizing Personalized Content Delivery
Authors: Kale Satyanand
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Effective similarity search and retrieval are now possible thanks to vector databases, which have become a potent tool for organizing and searching high-dimensional data. This article provides a thorough examination of vector databases, their underlying theories, and their applications across a range of industries. In handling complex data types, we address the significance of vector representation and emphasize the benefits of vector databases over traditional databases [1]. The article explores the process of creating a vector database, highlighting the critical function of indexing strategies such as IVF (Inverted File Indexing) and HNSW (Hierarchical Navigable Small World) in guaranteeing the effectiveness and precision of searches [2]. In addition, we discuss the problems caused by the curse of dimensionality and offer solutions to lessen its effects on nearest neighbor searches [3]
Design and Development of Agri-bot for Autonomous Seed Sowing and Harvesting
Authors: Kumar Prof. Bikesh
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research delves into the development of an Autonomous Agriculture Robot (AAR) capable of performing seed sowing and harvesting operations. The AAR operates in two distinct modes: seed sowing and harvesting, leveraging advanced sensors and a control system to automate these critical agricultural processes. The AAR is engineered with dual operational modes, facilitated by an encoder system for precise autonomous navigation, servo actuation for operational control, and a Battery Management System (BMS) for efficient power usage. This paper details the design and development of a hardware prototype that presents the integration of these technologies. Validation results demonstrate the AAR’s capability to autonomously navigate and perform the defined tasks. The implementation of the AAR prototype signifies a pivotal step towards automating manual agricultural processes, potentially transforming the agricultural landscape by reducing labour requirements and increasing efficiency.
An Analysis: Progress in Identifying Objects, Classification and Segmenting them in Satellite Images
Authors: Bagadi Umang
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Recognizing and differentiating items in satellite pictures is crucial for different goals, such as city planning and disaster response. Recent developments in machine learning, particularly deep learning, and the abundance of high-quality satellite images have significantly boosted progress in this area. CNNs have become essential for precisely identifying and categorising elements depicted in satellite images. These models use convolution and pooling methods on a local scale to identify local patterns and far-reaching connections, ultimately enhancing object detection and segmentation accuracy. This review offers a detailed summary of the advanced methods used to identify and separate objects in satellite images. The article discusses the importance of precise object detection and segmentation in today's dynamic environment, showcasing the progress achieved through deep learning methodologies. The article explores the difficulties of pinpointing key and distinct areas in satellite pictures and shows how deep learning models tackle this issue by detecting the connections between objects and various facets of the surroundings.
Blockchain-Driven Collective Funding Dapp
Authors: Shinde Prof. Abhijit
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive force with the potential to revolutionize various industries, including crowdfunding. This study explores how blockchain can be applied to crowdfunding platforms to enhance transparency, security, and trust in the crowdfunding process. Through a thorough review of existing literature, analysis of current platforms, and the development of a prototype Decentralized Application (DApp) using React.js, Solidity, and other relevant technologies, this research demonstrates the promising prospects of blockchain in reshaping crowdfunding. The primary outcomes include mitigating fraud, enhancing accountability, and empowering both project creators and contributors. This paper offers a detailed examination of the research, laying the groundwork for a blockchain-driven collective funding DApp that utilizes React.js for frontend development, Solidity for smart contracts, and other contemporary technologies.
Estudio de la Estructura y Diversidad genética de ganado Holstein del sistema familiar en México
Authors: Ruiz-López Felipe de Jesús , Cortés-Hernández José G. , Romano-Muñoz José Luis , Villaseñor-González Fernando , García-Ruiz Adriana
Published: April 2024

El objetivo fue conocer la estructura poblacional de los animales Holstein del sistema de lechería familiar, identificar posibles orígenes del material genético, conocer el grado de consanguinidad e identificar posibles huellas de selección en el genoma, que permitan vislumbrar las características que se han mejorado a través de los años. El estudio incluyó 270 animales genotipados con el chip GGP-50K®. Después del control de calidad de genotipos, se incluyeron 43,548 SNP autosómicos. Para conocer la estructura poblacional se realizaron análisis de mezclas y componentes principales (CP). Para conocer la consanguinidad genómica y detectar huellas de selección, se usó información de corridas de homocigosidad (ROH). El análisis de mezclas se realizó con el software Admixture, y los de CP, ROH y consanguinidad se realizaron con SVS-v7.6.8. El análisis de mezclas mostró evidencia de seis componentes, todos ligados a familias de sementales Holstein con diferente país de origen. Los CP no evidenciaron estratificación de la población por hato. El coeficiente de consanguinidad promedio fue de 0.59 ± 0.53 %. En las regiones del genoma con ROH más frecuentes en la población (≥20 animales), se han reportado numerosas asociaciones, QTL y genes relacionados con producción y composición de la leche, parámetros de fertilidad, susceptibilidad a enfermedades, conformación corporal, eficiencia alimenticia y algunas características de composición de la canal. Los resultados reflejan la existencia de una amplia diversidad genética en esta población y la posibilidad de realizar trabajos de mejoramiento genético a través de selección sin afectar los niveles de consanguinidad.
Análisis por microscopía electrónica y difracción de rayos X de enterolitos de equinos en el valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Vélez Gil Sergio Andrés , Patiño Marulanda Juan José , Martínez Aranzales José Ramón
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la composición mineralógica de enterolitos de equinos del Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia. Muestras de ocho enterolitos de ocho caballos, fueron sometidas a análisis por Difracción de Rayos X Semicuantitativo (DRX) y microscopía electrónica de transmisión y barrido (METB). La METB de los enterolitos analizados reportó carbono, oxígeno, fósforo, magnesio, calcio, silicio, potasio, bromo, hierro, azufre y aluminio. A través de DRX se identificó estruvita, newberyta, kyanita, quartz low, actinolita, nitratina, cordierita, vivianita. Ambas técnicas empleadas en el análisis de los enterolitos se correlacionaron al coincidir los compuestos minerales, con los elementos químicos determinados. Los principales componentes minerales de los enterolitos fueron fosfatos de magnesio, siendo la estruvita y la newberyta los más comunes.
Assessing the effectiveness of static heuristics for scheduling lumber orders in the sawmilling production process
Authors: Vergara Francisco , Palma Cristian D. , Nelson John D.
Published: April 2024

Although optimization models can be used to plan the production process, in most cases static heuristics, such as earliest due date (E), longest processing time (L), and shortest processing time (S), are used because of their simplicity. This study aims to analyze the production cost of the static heuristics and to determine how this cost relates to the size of the production orders in the sawmilling industry. We set a planning problem with different orders and due dates and solved it using two cost-minimization models to compare their solutions. The first was a planning model (PL) where orders were split up into products demand by period, and the second, a planning scheduling (PS) where the sequence of processing orders based on static heuristics was assumed as known. In the latter, the minimum production cost for each static heuristic was found. In both models, the same resource constraints were assumed. The costs showed no significant changes based on order sizes. However, 0,5 % of orders were delayed using PS-E, and 17 % of orders were delayed using PL. PL was an efficient solution method when changing the orders´ size and when looking for the best static heuristic to process the orders. However, PS-E showed the ability to reduce the backlog close to zero while the PL backlog ratio was 17 %. No penalties were applied to backlogs due to their subjective nature; however, when shortages occurred, the demand was unmet or backlogged with substantial costs. Thus, in case the proposed method is adopted using a conservative backlog cost, a sawmill producing under the cut-to-order environment that produces 300000 m3 /year would reduce backlogged orders by 51000 m3. If the holding lumber cost is 2 $/m3, annual savings would be $408000.
Development of Environmental Education Teaching Materials Based on Class VII Middle School Entrepreneurship
Authors: Megawati Megawati
Published: April 2024

This research aims to develop entrepreneurship-based teaching materials in environmental education for class VII junior high school students. The development approach follows the ASSURE model, which includes potential and competency analysis, setting learning objectives, selecting methods, media and materials, student participation, as well as evaluation and improvement. After development, the teaching materials were tested on class VII junior high school students in Jambi City. Validation results by design and materials experts show product conformity with the writing procedures and curriculum used. Student responses to teaching materials show enthusiasm and improvement in environmental learning. Formative and summative evaluations are also carried out to measure the effectiveness and attractiveness of teaching materials. Comments and suggestions from experts and peers are used to make revisions to the product. The novelty of this research lies in the development of entrepreneurship-based teaching materials in environmental education for junior high school students, which can increase interest and effectiveness of learning. The implication is that the adoption of this teaching material can improve the quality of environmental learning in schools.
Development of Student Worksheets for Economics Subjects Based on Learning by Doing
Authors: Suratno Suratno
Published: April 2024

This research aims to develop student worksheets based on Learning by Doing in learning Economics subjects for class X students at Senior High School 5 Jambi City. The development method used is Research and Development (R&D) by following the development model that has been agreed upon in the research process. The development stages include needs analysis, planning, product development, limited trials, revisions, field trials and evaluation. The research results showed that the Learning by Doing-based worksheets that were developed received positive responses from teachers and students. These worksheets can increase students' interest in learning and help them understand economic concepts better. Apart from that, these worksheets can also facilitate interactive, collaborative and applied learning in the classroom. Evaluation of the student worksheets shows that this product is suitable for use in learning Economics subjects at Senior High School 5 Jambi City. In conclusion, the development of Learning by Doing-based worksheets for Economics subjects can be an effective alternative in improving the quality of learning for class X students at Senior High School 5 Jambi City. It is hoped that the results of this research can make a positive contribution to the development of education in Indonesia, especially in the context of learning Economics subjects.
Development of Wordless Comic Media For Learning Speaking Class V Primary School Students
Authors: Yulita Yulita , Sayco Sonia Castro Cuba , Neto Antônio Justiniano Moraes
Published: April 2024

This research aims to develop wordless comic media as a speaking learning tool for fifth grade elementary school students. The development method used is Research and Development (R&D) with stages including preliminary study, planning, development, testing, evaluation and revision. Evaluation is carried out through observation, interviews, and speaking ability tests before and after using comic media. Revisions are carried out based on evaluation results to improve and improve the quality of comic media. The research results show that the use of wordless comic media can increase students' interest in learning to speak. Students demonstrate increased ability to convey ideas, understand context, and communicate effectively. This comic media also helps students who have difficulty understanding written texts. In conclusion, the development of wordless comic media can be an effective alternative in teaching speaking in fifth grade elementary school. Support from the teacher is needed in implementing this media so that it can provide maximum benefits for the student learning process.
THE COMPARISON OF RADIOCOLLOID, BLUE DYE AND A COMBINED METHOD FOR SENTINEL LYMPH NODE BIOPSY IN EARLY-STAGE BREAST CANCER
Authors: Azwa Bolhan Hayatul , Awang Zool Hilmi , Abdul Hamid Khadijah
Published: April 2024

This study aims to compare the performance of radiocolloid, blue dye and a combined method for sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast carcinoma. One hundred seventy-two clinically node-negative, early-stage breast cancer patients who underwent combined method sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with 99mTc-nanocolloid and blue dye were recruited. The peri-areolar injection is the method used in both techniques. The hot node contained only radiocolloid, the blue node contained only blue dye, and the hot-blue node contained both tracers. The detection, metastatic, and failure rate of the combined, radiocolloid, and blue dye methods were determined by analysing the number of hot and blue nodes in all patients, all excised nodes, and metastatic nodes. The association between clinicopathological factors and the detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) was analysed. The overall SLN detection rate was 98.2% (169/172) for radiocolloid, 95.9% (165/172) for blue dye, and 99.4% (171/172) for the combined method. The metastatic rate was 19.2% (33/172). Among the 33 metastatic-node cases, the combined, radiocolloid and blue dye method failed to identify 1, 1 and 4 cases, respectively. Therefore, the failure rate of the combined, radiocolloid, and blue dye method was 3.0% (1/33), 3.0% (1/33) and 12.1% (4/33), respectively. No significant association between clinicopathological factors and SLN detection was observed. The combined method of SLNB yielded the highest detection rate when compared to the radiocolloid-alone and blue-dye-alone methods. The radiocolloid method detected more SLN than the blue dye method. Therefore, incorporating the radiocolloid method in the blue dye method will improve the SLN identification rate and reduce the failure rate of metastatic detection.
RECURRENT ODONTOGENIC FIBROMYXOMA OF SUBMANDIBULAR AND LEFT TEMPORAL REGION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Mohamad Ahmad Fakrurrozi , Abd Rahman Saifulizan , Rahman Abd
Published: April 2024

Odontogenic myxofibroma (OM) is a benign odontogenic tumour of maxillofacial bone with locally aggressive behaviour. It is thought to arise from the odontogenic ectomesenchyme of dental pulp or periodontal ligament. Odontogenic myxofibroma typically presents as painless slow growing tumour with high recurrence rates ranges from 10% to 45%. A case of recurrent odontogenic myxofibroma of submandibular, left preauricular and left temporal region presented in this case report. An 11-year-old Malay girl complaint of a painless, gradually progressive firm swelling on the lower left side of the jaw for 6 months duration. On clinical examination revealed firm swelling from the left angle of the mandible to the left parasymphysis area. A dental panoramic radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scan of the head and neck showed expansile lesion at left posterior mandible causing thinning and erosion of the mandibular cortex, multiloculated with tooth germ of 38 within and displaced inferiorly. Histopathological examination revealed stellate to spindle shape cells dispersed in a myxoid background. A final diagnosis of odontogenic myxofibroma has been made. Hence, left segmental mandibulectomy with condyle disarticulation was done via a submandibular approach. Unfortunately, a year later she had recurrence at bilateral submandibular region extending to left preauricular and left temporal region associated with pain and unable to close her mouth. Multiple surgery was carried out beginning with removal of the tumour at the bilateral submandibular region followed by removal of tumour at left temple. The operations were uneventful. However, tumour excision in the left preauricular region is yet to be performed pending magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation to evaluate the soft tissue extension prior to surgical planning.