bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RIO GRANDE – ECOLOGIA URBANA, CORPO HÍDRICO E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM AS PRESENTE E FUTURAS GERAÇÕES
Authors: Scarpioni Marcos , Alcântara Ana Lúcia Avelar Spinela Vaz De , Marinho Marcos De Alcântara
Published: December 2021

Introdução: Como é veiculado na mídia, vivemos em uma escassez dos recursos hídricos pela maior estiagem ocorrida nos últimos 91 anos, pelo aumento do consumo deste recurso natural e pela falta de gestão pública e ambiental eficiente pelos governos federal, estadual e municipal como é o nosso caso em Rio Grande da Serra - SP. O corpo hídrico Rio Grande vem sofrendo com os impactos de lançamento de esgoto in natura. Objetivo: Este projeto objetiva monitorar a qualidade ambiental do Rio Grande e gerar indicadores de qualidade local, contribuindo para a gestão socioambiental e descentralizada deste recurso, inovando no que tange a cultura local em relação aos cuidados sobre este recurso previstos na Política Nacional de Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos –“Lei das Águas” (Lei n. 9.433/1997). Metodologia: O projeto está pautado na pesquisa de campo com a técnica parametrizada de coletas de água realizadas quinzenalmente em cinco pontos bem definidos, ao longo de aproximadamente 1km do corpo hídrico Rio Grande, com a realização de análise físico-química com utilização de fitas analíticas, peagâmetro, oxímetro, termômetro e demais equipamentos para transporte de amostras. Também, por observação empírica da mata ciliar e relatos de história de vida de moradores locais. Resultados: Por meio dos procedimentos e de relatórios embasados em literatura especializada e na resolução do Conama n. 357/2005, foi estruturado um baseline (indicadores de qualidade) gerando uma cultura de inspeção, monitoramento para entendimento da dinâmica do corpo hídrico. Conclusões: Conclui-se notadamente que o corpo hídrico Rio Grande tem perdido sua qualidade ambiental de maneira célere nos últimos 10 anos, com eventos de mortandade de peixes e outros animais silvestre e recentemente pelos impactos das obras de transposição de águas para o abastecimento da grande metrópole de São Paulo. Registra-se então, redução de sua qualidade ambiental, gerando desequilibro ambiental, perdas em paisagens e beleza cênica, além de comprometimento dos serviços ecossistêmicos, impondo um potencial de contaminação a população local, que se utiliza do corpo para lazer e pesca.
How Physicochemical Parameters of Water Change with Distance in a Lake: Case Study Lake Bunyonyiinkigezi
Authors: Tebandeke I.Z Mukasa , I Karume , J Ssebuwufu , H.Z Wasajja , R Nankinga , Z Kansiime
Published: December 2021

Pollution resulting from unsustainable agricultural and urbanization activities in the Ruhezamyenda and Bunyonyi catchments are threatening lake Bunyonyi. These have led to high chemical oxygen demand (COD), electrical conductivity, turbidity, pH, iron (II) concentration and low dissolved oxygen (DO5). In this study we have investigated the how COD, turbidity, pH, concentration of iron, total suspended solids, total nutrients and DO5 of water changed with distance in lake. Water sampled from different distances in the lake filtered using Whatman paper at ambient temperatures was tested for COD, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total nutrients, iron, hardness and DO5. COD was 20.8±.0.03mg/L to 16 ± 0.03mg/L; total hardness was 16.5±0.2 mg/L to 18.6 ± 0.3 mg/L total nitrate was 103.5± 2 mg/L to 88 ± 3 mg/L; total phosphate was 100.8 ±.2.5 to 87± 3 mg/L; high TSS values from 3.4 ± 0.1 mg/L to 2.5 ± 0.1 mg/L showed contamination of water. As pH decreased from 8.3 ± 0.03 to 7.6 ± 0.04 revealed that bases were getting removed. The turbidity dropped from 25.7 ± 0.3 NTU to 20 ± 2 NTU due settling down of sediments. Iron (II) concentration ranging from 1.1± 0.1 to 0.8± 0.1 mgL-1 . Dissolved oxygen decreased from 7.9 ±0.3 mg/L to 4.8 ± 0.2 mg/L indicating surface water can uphold life of aquatic organisms. Total hardness ranged from 0.22± 0.05 to 0.19± 0.05 mg/L Electrical conductivity was high and ranged from 130± 5 to 150± 5 µS/cm indicating presence of electrolytes. Lake Bunyonyi water is not greatly polluted, but requires to be safe guarded against poor unsustainable agricultural practices, sewage draining from towns, schools and hotels in nearby settlements.
A Knowledge based Automatic Radiation Treatment Plan Alert System
Authors: Bai Erwei , Xia Junyi
Published: December 2021

In radiation therapy, preventing treatment plan errors is of paramount importance. In this paper, an alert system is proposed and developed for checking if the pending cancer treatment plan is consistent with the intended use. A key step in the development of the paper is characterization of various treatment plan fingerprints by three-dimension vectors taken from possibly thousands of variables in each treatment plan. Then three machine learning based algorithms are developed and tested in the paper. The first algorithm is a knowledge-based support vector machine method. If an incorrect treatment plan were offered, the algorithm would tell that the pending treatment plan is inconsistent with the intended use and provide a red flag. The algorithm is tested on the actual patient data sets with 100% successful rate and 0% failure rate. In addition, two algorithms based on the well-known k-nearest neighbour and Bayesian approach respectively are developed. Similar to the support vector machine algorithm, these two algorithms are also tested with 100% success rate and 0% failure rate. The key seems to pick up the right features.
Automation of Best-Fit Model Selection using a Bag of Machine Learning Libraries for Sales Forecasting
Authors: Sherly Jeba P Pauline , Kiran Manju , Sharma Amit Kumar , Venkatesh Divakar
Published: December 2021

Sales forecasting became crucial for industries in past decades with rapid globalization, widespread adoption of information technology towards e-business, understanding market fluctuations, meeting business plans, and avoiding loss of sales. This research precisely predicts the automotive industry sales using a bag of multiple machine learning and time series algorithms coupled with historical sales and auxiliary features. Three-year historical sales data (from 2017 till 2020) were used for the model building or training, and one-year (2020-2021) predictions were computed for 900 unique SKU's (stock-keeping units). In the present study, the SKU is a combination of sales office, core business field, and material customer group. Various data cleaning and exploratory data analysis algorithms were implemented over raw datasets before use for modeling. Mean absolute percentage error (mape) were estimated for individual predictions from time series and machine learning models. The best model was selected for unique SKU's as per the most negligible mape value.
MEKDA: Multi-Level ECC based Key Distribution and Authentication in Internet of Things
Authors: M G Padmashree , J P Mallikarjun , J S Arunalatha , K R Venugopal
Published: December 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an extensive system of networks and connected devices with minimal human interaction and swift growth. The constraints of the System and limitations of Devices pose several challenges, including security; hence billions of devices must protect from attacks and compromises. The resource-constrained nature of IoT devices amplifies security challenges. Thus standard data communication and security measures are inefficient in the IoT environment. The ubiquity of IoT devices and their deployment in sensitive applications increase the vulnerability of any security breaches to risk lives. Hence, IoT-related security challenges are of great concern. Authentication is the solution to the vulnerability of a malicious device in the IoT environment. The proposed Multi-level Elliptic Curve Cryptography based Key Distribution and Authentication in IoT enhances the security by Multi-level Authentication when the devices enter or exit the Cluster in an IoT system. The decreased Computation Time and Energy Consumption by generating and distributing Keys using Elliptic Curve Cryptography extends the availability of the IoT devices. The Performance analysis shows the improvement over the Fast Authentication and Data Transfer method.
Fuzzy Logic-based Efficient Message Route Selection Method to Prolong the Network Lifetime in WSNs
Authors: Ahn Jungsub , Lim Sanghyeok , Cho Taeho
Published: December 2021

Recently, sensor networks have been used in a wide range of applications, and interest in sensor node performance has increased. A sensor network is composed of tiny nodes with limited resources. The sensor network communicates between nodes in a configured network through self-organization. An energyefficient security protocol with a hierarchy structure with various advantages has been proposed to prolong the network lifetime of sensor networks. But due to structural problems in traditional protocols, nodes located upstream tend to consume relatively high energy compared to other nodes. A network protocol should be considered to provide minimal security and efficient allocation of energy consumption by nodes to increase the network lifetime. In this paper, we introduce a solution to solve the bottleneck problem through an efficient message route selection method. The proposed method selects an efficient messaging path using GA and fuzzy logic composed of multiple rules. Message route selection plays an important role in controlling the load balancing of nodes. A principal benefit of the proposed scheme is the potential portability of the clustering-based protocol. In addition, the proposed method is updated to find the optimal path through the genetic algorithm to respond to various environments. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method through an experiment in which the proposed method is applied to a probabilistic voting-based filtering scheme that is one of the cluster-based security schemes.
System End-User Actions as a Threat to Information System Security
Authors: Kautwima Paulus , Haiduwa Titus , Sai Kundai , Hashiyana Valerianus , Suresh Nalina
Published: December 2021

As universities migrate online due to the advent of Covid-19, there is a need for enhanced security in information systems in the institution of higher learning. Many opted to invest in technological approaches to mitigate cybersecurity threats; however, the most common types of cybersecurity breaches happen due to the human factor, well known as end-user error or actions. Thus, this study aimed to identify and explore possible end-user errors in academia and the resulting vulnerabilities and threats that could affect the integrity of the university's information system. The study further presented state-of-the-art humanoriented security threats countermeasures to compliment universities' cybersecurity plans. Countermeasures include well-tailored ICT policies, incident response procedures, and education to protect themselves from security events (disruption, distortion, and exploitation). Adopted is a mixedmethod research approach with a qualitative research design to guide the study. An open-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools. Findings showed that system end-user errors remain the biggest security threat to information systems security in institutions of higher learning. Indeed errors make information systems vulnerable to certain cybersecurity attacks and, when exploited, put legitimate users, institutional network, and its computers at risk of contracting viruses, worms, Trojan, and expose it to spam, phishing, e-mail fraud, and other modern security attacks such as DDoS, session hijacking, replay attack and many more. Understanding that technology has failed to fully protect systems, specific recommendations are provided for the institution of higher education to consider improving employee actions and minimizing security incidents in their eLearning platforms, post Covid-19.
Vacinas contra a COVID-19: principais plataformas e bases imunológicas
Authors: Silva Tércia Moreira Ribeiro da , Maia Ana Clara Martins Santos , Malta Stella Elizei de Pinho , Pereira Clebson Verissimo da Costa , Rezende Barbara Maximino , Resende Carolina Braga de
Published: December 2021

Barbara Maximino Rezende ORCID: Carolina Braga de Resende. ORCID:
Consultations and Competing Claims: Implementing Participatory Institutions in Colombia's Extractives Industries
Authors: Shenk Jamie L.
Published: December 2021

Conflicts between local communities and their governments over natural resource development are not new in Latin America. When mining and oil companies move in, communities have blocked roads, staged protests, and undertaken other forms of direct action. More recently, however, communities have expanded their tactics, turning toward the state and its participatory institutions to contest claims over their land. This article investigates this trend and the conditions that facilitate it by analyzing an original database of 102 attempts by communities in Colombia to implement one participatory institution—the popular consultation—to challenge large scale extractive projects. I argue that communities' ability to contest extractive projects by leveraging participatory institutions depends on the balance of power between two external players—private firms and expert allies.
Theoretical studies of natural gas vaporization of an air-methane mixture in a diesel engine cylinder
Authors: Storozhev Ivan , Romanov Sergey , Alushkin Timofey , Palyanov Anatoly
Published: December 2021

This article presents theoretical studies of the vaporization of natural gas of an air-methane mixture in a diesel engine cylinder. These studies were conducted in order to find a rational volume of methane supplied to the cylinder of a diesel engine. Having carried out a thermal calculation of the working processes of the gas engine, we obtained the size of the gas droplet supplied to the engine cylinder, which should have a size of no more than 0.405 mm. Having evaluated the experimental studies conducted in this area, the dependence of the nozzle diameter of the nozzle and the diameter of the gas droplet was revealed, it was determined that with a pressure drop on the gas nozzle equal to 0.2 MPa, the diameter of the gas droplet practically coincides with the diameter of the nozzle. Based on this, the diameter of the nozzle of the gas nozzle sprayer is not more than 0.35...0.4 mm. The conclusion of this article is that it is possible to determine the optimal volume of gas supplied and assess the real picture of the processes taking place in the cylinder of a diesel engine only. Keywords: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, WORKING FLUID, FUEL, VAPORIZATION, GAS, COMBUSTION
CİNUÇEN TANRIKORUR’UN “NİKRİZ KÂRÇE” İSİMLİ ESERİNİN MÜZİKAL UNSURLAR AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BAŞ Ahmet Hakan
Published: December 2021

Ud üstadı ve besteci Cinuçen Tanrıkorur Tük müziğinde yirminci yüzyılın önemli isimlerinden biri olarak bilinmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı bestecinin “Nikriz Kârçe” isimli eserini farklı müzikal açılardan inceleyip, ortaya çıkan bulgular yardımıyla bestecinin bu formu işleyiş şeklini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu kapsamda ud virtüözlüğünün yanında, Türk müziğine kazandırmış olduğu yüzlerce eserle tanınan Cinuçen Tanrıkorur’un, kâr’lardan daha kısa olarak bestelenen bir form olan Kârçe formunda bestelemiş olduğu Nikriz Kârçe isimli eseri farklı müzikal unsurlar açısından 6 farklı açıdan değerlendirilerek incelenmiştir. Çalışmada betimsel tarama yönteminden, eser incelemesi için ise Gülçin Yahya Kaçar Eser Tahlili Yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Ayrıca bestecinin araştırma örneklemine dahil olan eseri amaçlı olarak seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre; Nikriz Kârçe isimli eserin 6 bölüm ve 12 cümleden oluştuğu, bestecinin eserinde kullanmış olduğu ezgilerle güfteyi makama uygun anlamlı bir şekilde işlediği, klasik uslûbu ön planda tuttuğu, makamın seyir özellikleri dikkate alarak özgün bir eser ortaya çıkardığı görülmüştür. Bundan sonra yapılacak olan araştırmalarda bu eser ve bestecinin diğer eserlerinin farklı yöntemler kullanılarak incelenmesi önerilmektedir.
Effect of obesity on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among Moroccan women
Authors: Lamtali Saloua , Boussaa Samia
Published: December 2021

Background:  Overweight and obesity among Moroccan adults is continually growing affecting one in three adults from which 63.1% are women. Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal and fetal complications. The conditions of delivery are also more difficult.  Objective:  we aimed to describe the complications of obesity occurring in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum among obese women in Morocco. Material and methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted, in 2017, in two Hospital maternities in Marrakech. A sample of 200 women, who had just given birth, and have a Body Mass Index more than 30 was recruited. Women sociodemographic conditions and data about complications occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, were collected meaning a structured interview and from participants' birth records. We used The SPSS software to realize descriptive analysis of data. Results: we noticed more than 37% of severe obesity and morbid obesity among participants.  Several complications were noticed. Gestational diabetes occurs first (23%), followed by preeclampsia (14%). More than 38% of women gave birth by cesarean section. Almost 33% of participants had postpartum complications, the most common being infection (13%) and hemorrhage (12%). Conclusion: the high incidence of complications in obese women during pregnancy, childbirth and post partum emphasizes the need of a women nutritional management in preconception and during pregnancy to minimize complications.
SUPERVISI KLINIS SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU DALAM KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR ERA PANDEMIK DI SDN KALIBANTENG KULON 01 SEMARANG
Authors: Wahyuningsih Wiji Sri
Published: December 2021

Guru SDN Kalibanteng Kulon 01 kota Semarang, pada awal pandemi Covid-19 kompetensi pedagogik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, guru kurang menguasai teknologi, kekuatan smartphone yang kurang mendukung untuk mendownload aplikasi penunjang pembelajaran daring, borosnya kuota, dan susah sinyal, hal lain adalah ketika guru harus membuat materi dan tugas yang mudah diterjemahkan oleh orang tua maupun peserta didik. pembelajaran Daring banyak sekali hambatan khususnya komunikasi, karena pola pengajaran hanya melalui pesan singkat Whatsapp grup atau geogle clasrom. Agar sukses dalam menjalankan tugasnya tentunya guru harus memiliki seperangkat kemampuan dalam bidang yang akan disampaikan maupun kemampuan untuk menyampaikan bahan (materi) agar mudah diterima peserta didiknya, oleh karena itu guru perlu mendapatkan supervisi klinis dari kepala sekolah agar terjadi peningkatan ompetensi pedagogik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar era pandemi. Studi ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan apakah pelaksanaan supervisi klinis dapat meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar era pandemik di SDN Kalibanteng Kulon 01 kota Semarang tahun 2020/2021?. Permasalahan tersebut di bahas melalui penelitian tindakan sekolah yang dilakukan melalui 2 siklus dengan setiap siklus tahapannya adalah perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan supervisi klinis dapat meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar era pandemik di SDN Kalibanteng Kulon 01 kota Semarang tahun 2020/2021, hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan hasil profesionalias guru dalam pengelolaan administrasi kelas per siklus dimana pada siklus I ada 5 guru atau 62,5% dan pada siklus II ada 7 guru atau 87,5%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hasil tersebut sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Peningkatan tersebut pelaksanaan mini workshop menjadi salah satu cara yang efektif bagi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam menyusun perangkat pembelajaran
IN HOUSE TRAINING SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI LITERASI IT GURU PADA MASA PANDEMIK DI SDN PURWOSARI 02 KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Kristyanti Anik
Published: December 2021

Masa pandemi covid 19 yang menuntut mengharuskan guru selalu siaga terhadap kondisi yang beragam mengenai pembelajaran daring. Hal tersebut tentunya menjadi fenomena baru bagi guru dan menjadikan tanggung jawab baru bagi kesuksesan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan tuntuan penguasaan IT pada diri guru, Namun tidak semua guru termasuk guru di SDN Purwosari 02 Kota Semarang memiliki kompetensi lietarasi IT, bayak guru yang gaptek dalam melakukan pembelajaran, sehingga proses pembelajaraanya hanya menggunakan satu pembelajran yaitu WA dengan mengirimkan tugas pada siswa dan ssiswa mengirimkan lagi kepad aguru tanpa ada inovasi penggunaan teknologi berbasis Web yang lain, dari 15 guru yang ada di SDN Purwosari 02 Kota Semarang hanya ada 6 guru atau 40 % yang benar-benar memiliki literasi IT. Keadaan demikian tentunya membutuhkan peran kepala sekolah untuk meningkatkan literasi IT guru dengan melakukan supervisi dengan cara In House Training (IHT). Studi ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan: adakah peningkatan kompetensi literasi IT guru pada masa pandemik setelah dilaksanakan In House Training di SDN Purwosari 02 Kota Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021?. Permasalahan tersebut di bahas melalui penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan melalui 2 siklus dengan setiap siklus tahapannya adalah perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaterjadi peningkatan kompetensi literasi IT guru pada masa pandemik setelah dilaksanakan In House Training di SDN Purwosari 02 Kota Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021, hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan hasil profesionalitas guru dalam pengelolaan administrasi kelas per siklus dimana pada siklus I ada 11 guru atau 69%, dan pada siklus II sudah mencapai ada 15 guru atau 94%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa hasil tersebut sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO GEORREFERENCIAMENTO: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: Pautz Eduardo
Published: December 2021

O georreferenciamento está cada vez mais presente no atual cenário brasileiro, e tem demonstrado mais eficácia a partir de seus desafios e possibilidades. O objetivo desse artigo foi discorrer sobre a contribuição e importância do georreferenciamento no cenário de imóveis rurais. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica para conceituar e buscar ideias que fossem pertinentes ao desenvolvimento desse trabalho. Concluiu-se que o georreferenciamento além de ser eficaz na localização, mapeamento e fiscalização exigido pelo INCRA tem atuado diretamente com sistemas que vem inovando e contribuindo com uma tecnologia bem mais rápida para desempenhar os registros de imóveis com mais segurança e confiabilidade, esta viabilidade além de ser agora obrigatória pela mudança das leis tem demonstrado as possibilidades e os desafios delineando novos estudos para a área que vem se destacando no cenário mercadológico.
analysis of the multivariate-repeated-measures-experiment evaluating the influence of gibberellic acid on cherry fruit quality
Authors: Kastelec Damijana , Usenik Valentina
Published: December 2021

A repeated-measures experiment design including two between-unit factors and one within-unit factor was performed in order to examine the influence of gibberellic acid on cherry fruit quality. One of the two between-unit factors had two levels represented by two cherry cultivars ('Van', 'Sunburst') and the other consisted of two treatments: spraying with gibberellic acid and spraying with pure water as a control. An experimental unit was a cherry branch on which 20 cherries were sampled randomly and marked. The three variables which describe ripeness of cherries were measured over 6 time points at three or four day intervals during maturation. After picking the cherries, measurements of fruit firmness were made on 3 different sides of each marked cherry. The univariate and multivariate repeated measures ANOVA was used for the analysis of two sets of data.
Estimation of dynamic structural equation models with latent variables
Authors: Cziráky Dario
Published: December 2021

The paper proposes a time series generalisation of the structural equation model with latent variables (SEM). An instrumental variable estimator is considered and its asymptotic properties are analysed. Special emphases are placed on the potential use of the lagged observed variables as instruments and consistency of such estimation is established under some general assumptions about the stochastic properties of the modelled variables. In addition, an identification procedure suitable both for static and dynamic structural equation models is described. The methods are illustrated in an empirical application to dynamic panel estimation of a consumption function using UK household data.
Latent variable mixture modelling of treated drug misuse in Ireland
Authors: Cahill Paul , Bunting Brendan
Published: December 2021

This study provides analyses and profiles of illegal drug usage in the Republic of Ireland. Two questions are addressed: a) can individuals be grouped into homogeneous classes based upon their type of drug consumption, and b) how do these classes differ in terms of other key background variables? The data reported in this study is from the National Drug Treatment Reporting System database in the Republic of Ireland. All analyses were carried out in collaboration with the Drug Misuse Research Division (the Irish REITOX / EMCDDA focal point). This database contains information on all 6994 individuals who received treatment for drug problems in the Republic of Ireland during 2000. The analysis was conducted in four steps. First, a single class model was examined in order to establish the respective probability associated with each drug type. Second, a series of unconditional latent class models was examined. This was done to establish the optimal number of latent classes required to describe the data, and to establish the relative size of each latent class. From this analysis the conditional probabilities for each individual, within a given class, were examined for typical profiles. Third, a series of conditional models was then examined in terms of key predictors (age and early school leavers). This analysis was conducted using MPlus 2.13. In the final stage of the research, the parameter estimates obtained from the multinomial logistic regression model (that was previously used to express the probability of an individual being in a given latent class, conditional on a series of covariates) were graphically modelled within EXCEL and the respective functions described. The results from this analysis will be described in terms of a) the profiling of typical serious drug misuse in Ireland, b) the clustering of drug types and, c) the respective importance of key background variables. The various profiles obtained are discussed in terms of health care strategies in Ireland.
Using subgroup discovery to analyze the UK traffic data
Authors: Kavšek Branko , Lavrač Nada
Published: December 2021

Rule learning is typically used in solving classification and prediction tasks. However, learning of classification rules can be adapted also to subgroup discovery. Such an adaptation has already been done for the CN2 rule learning algorithm. In previous work this new algorithm, called CN2-SD, has been described in detail and applied to the well known UCI data sets. This paper summarizes the modifications needed for the adaptation of the CN2 rule learner to subgroup discovery and presents its application to a real-life data set - the UK traffic data - confirming its appropriateness for subgroup discovery in real-life applications through experimental comparison with the CN2 rule learning algorithm as well as through the evaluation of an expert. Furthermore we make the first step towards the comparison of the new CN2-SD algorithm to another state-of-the-art subgroup discovery algorithm SubgroupMiner by applying both algorithms to a slightly different data set - the UK traffic challenge data set. The results of this application are presented in the form of ROC curves, showing CN2-SD’s potential in finding descriptions (subgroups) for minority classes, while SubgroupMiner found ‘better’ subgroups when trying to describe the majority class given the problem at hand.
Autologistic regression model for poverty mapping and analysis
Authors: Petrucci Alessandra , Salvati Nicola , Seghieri Chiara
Published: December 2021

Poverty mapping in developing countries has become an increasingly important tool in the search for ways to improve living standards in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. Although the classical econometric methods provide information on the geographic distribution of poverty, they do not take into account the spatial dependence of the data and generally they do not consider any environmental information. Methods which use spatial analysis tools are required to explore such spatial dimensions of poverty and its linkages with the environmental conditions. This study applies a spatial analysis to determine those variables that affect household poverty and to estimate the number of poor people in the target areas.
Palatography and myo-functional therapy
Authors:   Arizona State University, Case James
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to report on the use of a rather simple method of palatography to supplement clinical inspection in the evaluation of swallowing patterns. This method allows inspection of contact zones made by the tongue against the palatal and dental structures during deglutition. The procedures of direct palatography used in this study were simple, inexpensive, and graphically revealed differences between normal swallowing and tongue thrust swallowing patterns in a manner consistent with clinical evaluation expectancies. These data reveal that direct palatography can be used clinically to support the myo-functional clinician in establishing an accurate evaluation of tongue thrust. Direct palatography also constitutes a graphic record of contact zones between the tongue and the dental-palatal structures during swallowing. [article excerpts]
Orofacial muscle imbalance: Some considerations in referral
Authors:   University of Nebraska - Omaha, Wood James
Published: December 2021

Orofacial muscle imbalance, with its ancillary disorders of tongue thrust swallow, poor tongue posture habit, mouth breathing, thumb sucking, and other orolingual habits or activities, presents some problems related to the time when a referral should be made. These referrals may originate from the dentist, orthodontist, allergist, otorhinolaryngologist, neurologist, speech pathologist, or the myofunctional clinician, to mention a few. This paper was written to discuss some of the conditions which should be considered in determining if a referral should be made, and if so, to whom? Along with the more typical referral reasons, the referring clinician may wish to consider growth factors, tongue size, patency of the nasal airway and related problems of lisping and tongue thrust, resting postures, diet, masticatory muscle tonus, and signs of neuromuscular dysfunction. [article excerpts]
Canada’s rapid research response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Stojanovic Vanja
Published: December 2021

This study assesses the nature of Canada’s rapid research response through term and keyword bibliometric analysis. The following asks: What are the major areas of COVID-19 rapid research output conducted in Canada during the first five and half months of 2020, and how can the results of this analysis inform future accelerated research efforts toward an effective response to infectious disease emergencies? The results suggest that infection prevention, epidemiology, therapeutics, and public health strategies were among the top-producing research areas in Canada during the onset of the pandemic. Moreover, the analysis reflects gaps in the literature addressing diagnostics and vaccine development.
Accuracy of the Chula's formula for calculation of standard liver volume in Thai population
Authors:   Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, Chuesaard Malinee , Tanpowpong Natthaporn ,   Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: December 2021

Background: Standard liver volume (SLV) is an important concept in living donor liver transplantation for treatment of end-stage liver disease. Accurate estimation of the SLV of living donor and recipient is crucial to ensure optimal graft function and avoid complications. Objective: 1) to assess the proposed formula for calculation of SLV in Thai population, using computed tomography (CT) volumetric measurement as a gold standard. 2) to evaluate the factors (e.g. age, sex, body weight and body surface area) related to differences between SLV calculated from the proposed formula and CT volumetric measurement. Materials and methods: We evaluated 497 patients underwent contrast-enhanced abdominal multi-detector CT for conditions unrelated to hepatobiliary system with normal liver radiology between October 1, 2014 and August 31, 2015 were included. Calculated SLV by the proposed formula (SLV = 20.76 x body weight) were compared to the total liver volume (TLV) measured from multi-detector CT by using computerized tool automatically. Factors related to the difference between SLV and TLV were evaluated. Result: The aforementioned formula showed a high accuracy in estimating the liver volume with some limitations in overweight or underwent patients. The mean difference between SLV and TLV is 3.36 cm3 with SD of 224.65 cm3. Conclusion: We proposed a new formula ("Chula's standard liver volume") that demonstrates a high accuracy for calculation of SLV in Thai population. Keywords: Liver volume; MDCT; standard liver volume; Thai population
Spontaneous subconjunctival and retinal hemorrhage in acute on chronic liver failure: A case report and brief review of the literature
Authors:   Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India, Gupta Himanshu , Debnath Prasanta ,   Department of Gastroenterology, TNMC & BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai., Roy Akash ,   Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India
Published: December 2021

A 48-year-old male with a history of significant alcohol consumption (120 gm per day for six years) and a recent binge presented with jaundice for one month followed by abdominal distention for ten days. At presentation, he was normotensive (BP 110/70 mmHg), had tachycardia (HR 122/min), and maintained saturation at room air (Sp02 98%). Physical examination was remarkable for scleral icterus, palmar erythema, enlarged liver (span 14 cm), and free fluid in the abdomen. Laboratory investigations revealed anemia (Hemoglobin 10.1 gm%), leucocytosis (White blood cell count 17000/mm3), thrombocytopenia (Platelet count 90 X 103)/mm3), deranged liver function tests (Total bilirubin 9.5 gm/dl, Alanine Transaminase 52 U/L, Aspartate Transaminase (112 U/L), and coagulopathy (International normalized ratio 2.2, Prothrombin time 20 sec). A provisional diagnosis of Acute on Chronic Live Failure (ACLF) with severe alcoholic hepatitis as the precipitating event was made. The patient was started on standard therapy with nutritional supplementation, diuretics, laxatives. On day 4 of admission, the patient developed bilateral red-eye. There was no history of any diminution of vision, double diplopia, ocular discharge, orbital pain, antecedent trauma, cough, or any interventional procedure. Vision, pupillary reflexes, intraocular pressure as well as range of extraocular movements were normal.
Primary MALT lymphoma of the colon - Pathohistological and immunohistochemical analysis, prognosis and complex treatment
Authors:   Complex Oncology Center, Department of Radiotherapy - Ruse, Bulgaria., Marinova Lena , Yordanova Bistra ,   Complex Oncology Center, Department of Clinical Pathology - Ruse, Bulgaria., Evgeniev Nikolay ,   Complex Oncology Center, Department of Medical Oncology - Ruse, Bulgaria., Kulinski Ruslan ,   Complex Oncology Center, Department of Surgery - Ruse, Bulgaria., Alkusheva Albena ,   Complex Oncology Center, Department of Surgery - Ruse, Bulgaria.
Published: December 2021

Colonic MALT lymphoma is a rare disease. Due to rare diagnosis, randomized studies are missing to determine the optimal therapeutic approach. We present a 77-year-old patient with Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the colon, which is diagnosed after colonoscopy with biopsy and precise pathohistological and immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment includes surgery /hemicolonectomy, followed by 6 cycles of chemotherapy- R-COPP regimen. Two years after diagnosis, the patient is in good condition with normal quality of life without recurrence and distant spread of the disease. Through this article, our goal is to support medical literature with another clinical case that demonstrate the need for thorough and precise diagnosis by immunohistichemic analysis and an assessment of optimal complex treatment. Keywords: MALT lymphoma; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; pathohistological analysis; immunohistochemical analysis; chemotherapy; Complex treatment.
Cenários atuais dos estudos linguísticos da Libras
Authors: Fernandes Leandro Andrade , Marques-Santos Lucas Eduardo
Published: December 2021

Os estudos relacionados à Libras vêm ao logo dos últimos anos se intensificando, principalmente após a homologação da Lei 10.436/02 e do Decreto 5.626/05, que deram visibilidade as comunidades surdas e abriram portas para a reflexão e a formação de profissionais ligados a esta modalidade linguística viso-espacial. Neste livro, são externadas pesquisas que visam compreender a contemporaneidade das pesquisas brasileiras associadas à surdez sob um panorama teórico-metodológico diversificado que partem do uso da Língua Brasileira de Sinais – Libras, bem como de sua estrutura, além da relação de indivíduos Surdos com a língua portuguesa como sua segunda língua -L2. De modo que, as abordagens apresentadas neste volume exploram, a partir das temáticas, um olhar heterogêneo interativo e desafiador, no que tange o contexto já mencionado. Uma vez que, o entendimento sobre a língua, sua aquisição, sua estrutura e as relações socioculturais nos permitem aprofundar o conhecimento vinculado a inserção destes grupos minoritários outrora marginalizados historicamente.
Peran Orangtua dalam Memotivasi Belajar Peserta Didik di Masa Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Mustika Dea
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui peran orangtua dalam memotivasi belajar peserta didik di masa pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualititatif yang bersifat study kasus. Sumber data melibatkan tiga orang tua dan tiga orang peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diuji menggunakan triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data menggunakan teknik Miles Huberman yang meliputi pada tahap reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa di masa pembelajaran daring orang tua berperan sebagai pembimbing yang mendampingi dan membantu mengarahkan peserta didik jika mengalami kesulitan dalam pembelajaran. Berperan sebagai fasilitator dengan menyediakan fasilitas belajar sesuai kebutuhan peserta didik selama pembelajaran daring. Berperan sebagai motivator dengan memberi dukungan berupa pujian dan hadiah pada peserta didik. Walaupun dalam pelaksanaan perannya masih terdapat hambatan tetapi peran yang telah dijalankan orang tua menunjukkan kepedulian orang tua terhadap pendidikan bagi peserta didik.
Teenage Pregnancy; Maternal and Fetal Outcomes
Authors: Mehmood Bushra , Saleem Anisa , Kausar Rubina , Aslam Amna
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the adverse adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in teenage pregnant women. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: Department of Gyne & Obs, Shahida Islam Teaching Hospital Lodhran, during from 15-04-2020 to 31-03-2021. Material and methods: Total one hundred and twenty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 14- 40 years. Patients detailed demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Patients were equally divided into two groups I and II. 60 patients of aged between 14-18 years were included in group I and equally patients of aged >18 were included in group II. Frequency of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and post-partum haemorrhage were calculated. Adverse outcomes among (cesarean section, instrumental delivery,induction of labor and prolong labor, hypertensive disorder) were calculated among both groups. Fetal outcomes Perinatal mortality, Low birth weight, Low Apgar score and NICU admission were observed. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 17.88±1.42 years with mean BMI 22.09±4.66 Kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 19.16±8.64 years with mean BMI 23.87±4.57 Kg/m2. Fetal outcomes, perinatal mortality in group I 8 (13.3%) and in group II was 5 (8.3%), low birth weight in group I was among 25 (41.7%) and in group II was 9 (15%), low apgar score in group I was 10 (16.7%) and in group II was 7 (11.7%), 12 (20%) in group I went to NICU admission and 4 (6.7%) patient in group II admitted to NICU. Frequency of pre-eclampsia in group I were high among 27 (45%) patients as compared to group II 13 (21.7%) patients , frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus in group I was among 14 (23.3 %) patients and 5 (8.3%) patients were in group II, post partum haemorrhage was seen in 42 (70%) cases in group I and 23 (38.3%) cases in group II. Conclusion: Delaying intrauterine development and premature neonatal intensive care admissions are also on the rise in this study. Anemia, urinary tract infection, high blood pressure pregnancy, and surgical delivery are all associated with pregnancies in which the mother is a teenager. Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Partum haemorrhage, Maternal outcome, Fetal outcome
A Comparative Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Obese Non- Obese Pregnant Women
Authors: Saleem Anisa , Mehmood Bushra , Aslam Amna , Kausar Rubina
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the adverse pregnancy outcomes in obese and non- obese women. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: Department of Gyne & Obs, Shahida Islam Teaching Hospital Lodhran, during from 01-07-2020 to 31-07-2021. Methods: Total one hundred and eighty patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were aged between 18- 50 years. Patients detailed demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Patients were equally divided into two groups I and II. 90 obese patients were included in group I and equally non-obese patients were included in group II. Frequency of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and post-partum haemorrhage were calculated. Adverse outcomes (cesarean section, instrumental delivery, induction of labor and prolong labor, hypertensive disorder) were also calculated among both groups. Fetal outcomes were perinatal mortality, Low birth weight, Low Apgar score and NICU admission were observed. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 34.12±4.59 years with mean BMI 31.12±8.67 Kg/m2 and in group II mean age was 26.13 ±5.78 years with mean BMI 23.03±9.48 Kg/m2. Frequency of pre-eclampsia in obese group I were high among 40 (44.4%) patients as compared to group II 9 (10%) patients , frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus in group I was among 21 (23.3%) patients and 6 (6.7%) patients were in group II, post partum haemorrhage was seen in 57 (63.3%) cases in group I and 29 (32.2%) cases in group II. Fetal outcomes, perinatal mortality in group I 5 (5.5%) and in group II was 4 (4.4%), low birth weight in group I was among 21 (23.3%) and in group II was 45(50%), low apgar score in group I was 14 (15.5%) and in group II was 9 (10%), 43 (47.8%) in group I went to NICU admission and 28 (31.1%) patient in group II admitted to NICU. Conclusion: Pregnancy-related complications such as gestational diabetes, pre-term labour, and pre-eclampsia are more likely in obese women, according to our data. Having a baby with a woman who is obese might lead to serious difficulties for both mother and baby. Maternal obesity is connected with an increased risk of feto-maternal morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Pre-eclampsia, Gestational diabetes, Partum haemorrhage, Apgar score, NICU
Effect of Intraveous Tranexamic Acid and Sublingual Misoprostol on Reducing Post Cesarean Section Bleeding
Authors: Safi Saeeda , Habib Asia , Gul Momy , Iftikhar Ghazala , Anwar Shazia
Published: December 2021

Background and Aim: Cesarean section rates are rising around the globe and are considered as the major surgical procedure conducted on females. Cesarean-related hemorrhage contributes to increasing mortality rates around the world. Due to the rise in cesarean rate and its associated complications, post-cesarean severe bleeding without proper management is a major concern. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the intravenous tranexamic acid (TA) and sublingual misoprostol effect on reducing post-cesarean section bleeding. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 146 term pregnant women undergoing emergency or elective cesarean section at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex, Noshehra during the period from 7th September 2020 to 6th March 2021. All the participants were randomly categorized into two groups. Each group comprised of 73 participants whereas groups I and II received sublingual misoprostol (600 µg) and 500 mg intravenous tranexamic at card clamping respectively. Both groups were administrated for postoperative 48 hours and blood loss was measured. The packed cell volume and postoperative Hb were evaluated and compared with initial values before surgery. The need for blood transfusion, drug side effects, and additional uterotonics was evaluated. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of groups I and II were 28.32±4.73 and 28.17±4.83 years whereas the overall mean age was 28.25±4.78years. A higher reduction of hemoglobin level was observed in an intravenous tranexamic group compared to the sublingual group (-2.39±0.93 versus -2.09±1.28g/dL) (p=0.001). Moreover, the intravenous tranexamic group had significantly higher blood suction and gauze usage than sublingual misoprostol (256.73± 83.25versus 189.68± 102.4 cubic centimeter (cc) and 4.59±1.43 versus 3.19±1.27) for a significant value of 0.001. The decrease in mean blood pressure during the cesarean section procedure was significant in intravenous tranexamic than sublingual misoprostol (p=0.001). Conclusion: Our study concluded that sublingual misoprostol significantly reduced total bleeding when compared to tranexamic acid. Furthermore, hemodynamic variables were stabilized more in the misoprostol group than in the tranexamic acid group. Keywords: Cesarean Section Bleeding; Intravenous Tranexamic acid; Sublingual misoprostol.