bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aging and periodontium: Slowing aging process by improving periodontal health
Authors: Chiquita Prahasanti  , Mela Karina  , Widyawati Sutedjo  , Haryono Utomo
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Aging is characterized by a progressive decline or loss of physiological functions, leading to increased susceptibility to disease or death. The periodontium, a complex structure surrounding and supporting the teeth, is composed of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Supportive and protective roles of the periodontium are very critical to sustain life, but the periodontium undergoes morphological and physiological changes with age. Purpose: The aim of this review is to summarize the current findings of delaye aging process by improving periodontal health. Conclusion: Daily oral hygiene maintenance with toothbrushing, flossing, mouthrinsing and appropriate use of anti-oxidants, such as vitamin C, as well as regular visit to dentist or periodontist is mandatory to maintain healthy periodontal tissue which support general health, also slowing down aging process
Know the signs of autism: One of the fastest growing neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Tejaswini Kawduji Mankar  , Pranay Dadaram Kalambe  , Ankita Hiraman Charde
Published: November 2024

Autism is a lifetime neurodevelopmental condition. It is identified by difference in behavior, social interaction, communication, special interests and sensory processing. These differences can present people on the autism spectrum with challenges in how they interact with their surroundings. Autism is a complicated condition which affects speech, language, neurodevelopmental, sensory perception and social interaction. Some people on the autism spectrum may behave in non-typical ways, often in response to the different ways in which they experience their surroundings. Such behaviors are generally a way to communicate their feeling or to change to a situation, or may result from their heightened sensitivity to a sound or something they have seen or felt. The researchers suggest that genes and environment play major roles in the causing of ASD. A more recent study examined the cell structure, size and shape of the brains of personals with ASD, they demonstrated that different brain regions showed these differences more profoundly than others.
A mini-review on the side-effects of COVID-19 vaccines on Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (TTS)
Authors: Suhani Das Sharma  , Prakriti Seth
Published: November 2024

In May 2024, the well-known pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca admitted that its COVID - 19 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine can cause the rare side effect of Thrombosis with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (TTS), involving blood clots along with a low platelet count. This is a potentially severe condition, with a fatality rate up to 44%. Several studies indicate a link between different COVID-19 vaccines and TTS or VITT (Vaccine Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia), however, a majority of such cases have been reported after the vaccines ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, manufactured by AstraZeneca and Oxford University, and Ad26.COV2.S, made by Johnson and Johnson. Both these vaccines use the same mechanism: modified adenovirus vectors. In these viral vector vaccines, some researchers have theorized that an immune response could be triggered where the body produces antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4), a protein involved in blood clotting. Another theory suspects endothelial cells and receptors to have an inflammatory response, causing VITT. Though the exact cause remains unknown, an association between some vaccines and thrombotic events can definitely be discerned by past research, so this article will evaluate different vaccines and their connections with such events.
Analisis Minimalisasi Biaya Terapi Antibiotik Ceftriaxone dan Cefotaxime Pada Pasien Pneumonia di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSUD Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Admaja Wika , Amelia Faresa , Prasetyo Eko Yudha , Restyana Anggi
Published: November 2024

Pneumonia is an infection caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as microbes, bacteria, fungi and viruses that cause inflammation of the lung tissue. The prevalence of pneumonia has increased every year. The first-line therapy used at the Kediri District Hospital is the use of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime antibiotics. Decision making on antibiotic use has an influence on the amount of medical costs incurred by patients. This study aims to determine which antibiotics are more cost-minimal and whether there is a significant difference between the use of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime antibiotic therapy at Kediri District Hospital. The design of this study was cross sectional, data collection was done retrospectively. The analysis method used independent t-test statistical test. The perspective in this study was seen through the provider, namely the hospital, a total of 215 pneumonia patients and the sample for this study was 63 patients. With 32 patients receiving ceftriaxone antibiotic therapy and 31 patients receiving cefotaxime antibiotic therapy. Total direct medical costs were categorized into four types of costs, namely treatment costs, antibiotic costs, other drug costs, laboratory and radiology costs. The average total direct medical costs of patients who received ceftriaxone antibiotic therapy were more cost minimal than patients who received cefotaxime antibiotics, namely Rp.2,296,449 and Rp.2,464,470. The results of the difference test using independent t-test statistics show a p-value of 0.219 so that it can be interpreted that there is no significant difference.
BIOAKTIVITAS KROKOT (Portulaca grandiflora Hook) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Rahmawati Fri
Published: November 2024

Krokot (Portulaca grandiflora Hook) adalah gulma yang berkhasiat obat dan secara empiris digunakan masyarakat untuk berbagai pengobatan seperti mengatasi diare dan penyembuhan luka. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri, antioksidan dan  toksisitas ekstrak krokot. Jenis penelitian berupa eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan sampel campuran batang dan daun krokot. Ekstrak krokot diperoleh dari hasil maserasi dengan etanol 96 % pro analisis (p.a). Pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi, antioksidan memakai metode 1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazi (DPPH) serta toksisitas dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Escherichia coli (E. coli) dan Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) digunakan sebagai bakteri uji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak krokot dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri pada konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) sebesar 40% pada E. coli dan 60% terhadap S. aureus dengan menghasilkan zona hambat masing- masing sebesar 6,34 mm dan 6,40 mm. Ekstrak krokot berpotensi sebagai antioksidan kuat dengan nilai Inhibition Concentration 50 % (IC50) sebesar 11,890 ppm, sedangkan vitamin C sebagai kontrol positif sebesar 2,658 ppm. Ekstrak krokot bersifat toksik pada larva udang dengan nilai Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50) sebesar 168,904 ppm. Sehingga disimpulkan krokot mempunyai bioaktivitas antioksidan, antibakteri dan toksisitas.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KADAR FLAVONOID INFUSA SERBUK SIMPLISIA BIJI KURMA (Phoenix Dactyliferae Semen)
Authors: Syarifah Anisa Lailatusy , Anggraini Farinda Ayu
Published: November 2024

Pengolahan limbah biji kurma sangat penting untuk menciptakan nilai biji kurma sebelum dibuang sebagai limbah. Biji kurma mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dan salah satu senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan adalah flavonoid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan infusa serbuk simplisia biji kurma dengan metode DPPH dan menentukkan kadar flavonoid infusa biji kurma. Metode penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan serbuk simplisia biji kurma, infundasi serbuk simplisia biji kurma, uji senyawa flavonoid, penentuan aktivitas antioksidan infusa serbuk simplisia biji kurma, dan penentuan kadar flavonoid infusa biji kurma menggunakan standar senyawa rutin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serbuk simplisia biji kurma berwarna coklat, infusa serbuk simplisia biji kurma berwarna coklat jernih, dan infusa serbuk simplisia biji kurma mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 872,74 ± 18,77 ppm, dan memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu infusa serbuk simplisia biji kurma termasuk kategori antioksidan lemah dengan kadar flavonoid 4,92 x 10-4 mgRE/g serbuk.
Krisis Menggugat Moral: "Akhirnya Semua Menjadi Maling" Tinjauan Sosiologis Sastra
Authors: Hapsari Maulidya , Sofyaningrum Rosita
Published: November 2024

Krisis ekonomi menjadi penyebab krisi moral dan etika dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Hal tersebut juga sebagai gambaran isi cerpen dengan judul Akhirnya Semua Menjadi Maling dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Keluarga Kudus yang diterbitkan oleh Kompas.  Cerpen Akhirnya Semua Menjadi Maling sebagai suatu bentuk kritik sosial yang terjadi pada kehidupan masyarakat. Dengan demikian tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dilema modal yang dihadapi tokoh-tokoh di dalam cerpen akibat adanya krisis ekonomi. Dengan demikian objek material yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu cepen Akhirnya Semua Menjadi Maling. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik baca Simak catat. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis fenomena kompleks terkait dengan data-data yang berhubungan dengan dilema moral yang dialami oleh para tokoh dalam cerpen. Hasil penelitian dalam jurnal ini yaitu konflik moral terjadi karena adanya pertentangan antara nilai kebenaran, persahabatan, dan kebutuhan keluarga. Sementara ketidakstabilan ekonomi menyebabkan meningkatnya ketegangan sosial, pelanggaran norma moral dan nilai sosial, dan ketidaktaatan pada otoritas. Sementara pesan dan kritik sosial yang ada pada cerpen yaitu terkait dengan tidak adanya kesetaraan ekonomi, penyalahgunaan kekuasaan, dan sistem yang tidak adil.
SUMER TOPLUMUNDA HUKUK
Authors: Durmuş Eda
Published: November 2024

Sumer toplum hayatında hukuk çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Sumerliler tarihte ilk hukuki düzenlemeleri yapmışlardır. Bu nedenle tarihte ilk kanun koyucu olarak bilinmektedirler. Bundan dolayı onlar tarafından oluşturulan kanunlar büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sumer hukuki metinleri arasında Urukagina Talimatnamesi, Gudea Fermanı, Ur- Nammu Kanunu ve Ana- İttişu Kanunu sayılabilir. Hukuki metinlerden Sumer hukuk sistemi ortaya çıkarılabilmektedir. Aile hukukuyla ilgili evlenme, boşanma ve evlatlık alma düzenlemeleri dikkat çekmektedir. Malların nasıl paylaşılacağı ile ilgili bir veraset hukukundan söz edilebilir. Cezalarla ilgili düzenlemeler hukuk sisteminin işlemesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Borçlanmayla ilgili düzenlemeler bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle Sumer hukuki metinleri kronolojik bir sıraya göre alınmıştır. Ayrıca aile hukuku, veraset hukuku, ceza hukuku ve borçlar hukuku aydınlatılmıştır.
Synthesis of a model for the classification of dialogue acts based on the use of recurrent neural networks
Authors: Petrov Kostiantin E. , Vorobiov Yevhen K. , Kobzev Igor V.
Published: November 2024

The main stages and technologies of construction of intelligent dialogue systems are analyzed. The problem of generating dialogues in natural language processing systems is considered. A mathematical model for the classification of dialog acts is proposed, which is based on the use of a recurrent neural network and the mechanism of attention. The architecture of the neural network, the process of its training and testing are detail described. The results of computer simulation, which demonstrate the practical feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model are presented.
Adaptive clustering of multiextremа data arrays using a modified fish school algorithm
Authors: Shafronenko Alina Yu. , Bodyanskiy Yevgeniy V.
Published: November 2024

The problem of clustering multiextrema data arrays is considered. To optimize the local extrema search functions, an algorithm is proposed, that is essentially an optimization function of the modified Fish School Search algorithm, random search, and evolutionary optimization.
SCIENTIFIC BASES OF FOOD SECURITY ENHANCEMENT IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES OF THE REGIONS
Authors:   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, KHLESTKINA E.K. , UKHATOVA YU.V. ,   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, BULDAKOV S.A. ,   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, SOKOLOVA E.A. ,   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, CHUVILINA V.A. ,   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, CHARUSHINA-KAPUSTINA E.A. ,   N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources
Published: November 2024

The program and abstracts are presented for the International Scientific and Practical Conference “Scientific Bases of Food Security Enhancement in the Agro-Industrial Complexes of the Regions” held in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on April 18–19, 2024, within the framework of the Year of the Family (hereinafter referred to as the Event/Conference). The published collection of abstracts contains the results of scientific research and practical experience of leading researchers and experts from the Republics of Belarus and Mordovia, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, Leningrad, Kaluga, Ryazan, Saratov, Amur, Magadan and Sakhalin Provinces of the Russian Federation in various areas of the agricultural sector. The collection of abstracts will be useful to researchers, teachers and lecturers, undergraduate and postgraduate students, and agricultural experts.
Features of the information and control system of the car's hybrid power plants
Authors: Bazhynova Tetiana
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Problem. Until now, a number of features of IBS power plants of electric and hybrid cars remain unexplored. The applied IIUS analysis and synthesis methods do not pay enough attention to the multi-criteria nature of the arising optimization tasks. Management adaptation methods to changingexternal operating conditions are insufficiently effective. These circumstances do not allow to fully reveal the potential possibilities of IISD power plants of electric and hybrid cars. This determines the relevance of improvement and development of new methods of modeling and optimization of IIUS control of power plants of electric and hybrid cars based on modern theory of automatic control, vector optimization, neural network and neuro-fuzzy adaptive methodology. A methodology for the construction of IIUS invariant to various power plants of electric and hybrid cars has been developed for operational management of modes according to quality, energy and other criteria. Results. The mathematicalsupport of the "Recovery" mode differs from classical problems of optimal control in that it allows changing the parameters of the control power plant, its model type, limit values for control influences, and phase coordinates. Originality. The core of the IICS GSU software is a knowledge base, in which procedural knowledge is presented in the form of frames that implement the algorithmic support of IICS GSU. The knowledge base has a stratified, hierarchical structure that reflects an integrated graph of the synthesis technology of the ZOU solution. The content of the frames of the knowledge base ensures the search for a solution to the ZOU problem in the state space. Frames contain slots that hold not only specific data but also the names of procedures that process them according to a given algorithm. Some frames contain slots filled with product rules. During the creation of the knowledge base of the research prototype, work was carried out on the unification of frame names, which makes it possible to quickly build the knowledge bases of working prototypes. Knowledge frames are a set of classes developed in a visual programming environment. Practical value. The resulting optimal program is worked out using simulation modeling modules, which include direct modeling of systems in multiple states of operation, and if it satisfies the specified requirements, the resulting data is converted into a file containing optimal control influences, which is stored in the database.
Project Proposal for the Reconstruction of the Intersection at Nauky Avenue and Kultury Street in Kharkiv
Authors: Selikhova Yana
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Urban infrastructure plays a crucial role inthe development and functioning of modern cities. As cities grow, the pressure on transportation networks increases, leading to congestion, higher accident rates, and environmental degradation due to vehicle emissions. The intersection of Nauky Avenue and Kultury Street in Kharkiv is a key transportation node that requires reconstruction to address these challenges. The reconstruction project aims to improve traffic flow, enhance road safety, and reduce environmental impacts in line with modern standards of urban mobility and sustainability. By adopting innovative transport solutions and infrastructure improvements, the project seeks to create a safer and more efficient urban environment for all road users. Problem. The intersection of Nauky Avenue and Kultury Street in Kharkiv is a key transportation hub that handles significant traffic and pedestrian flows. The problem lies in the overloading of the transport network, high accident rates, and the need to improve the environmental situation due to significant emissions of pollutants. Goal. The aim of the study is to develop a design proposal for the reconstruction of this intersection, considering the improvement of road safety, traffic efficiency, and the reduction of environmental impact. Methodology. To achieve the goal, an analysis of current traffic flows, accident assessment, and research on modern traffic management methods and environmental standards was conducted. Approaches for implementing intelligent transport systems and improving conditions for pedestrians and cyclists were explored. Originality. It is proposed to implement adaptive traffic lights to optimize traffic, create separate lanes for cyclists, upgrade pedestrian crossings, and equip public transport stops. This will reduce congestion, improve road safety, and promote the development of sustainable urban mobility. The scientific novelty lies in the implementation of comprehensive solutions to integrate all road users, including cyclists, pedestrians, and public transport, using the latest technologies and environmental standards. Practical value. The results of the study have significant practical value for improving the transportation infrastructure of Kharkiv, enhancing safety, and improving the environmental situation
Validasi E-Book Fisika Interaktif Berbasis Canva Dilengkapi dengan Kuis Interaktif untuk Fase E SMA/MA
Authors: Yulia Nurwitri , Hufri Hufri , Asrizal Asrizal , Yulia Sari Silvi , Hidayati Hidayati
Published: November 2024

Pelaksanaan peirhal ini didasarkan pada bahanya pengajaran dengan diaplikasikan tenaga pengajar pada proses pengajaran berbentuk cetak dan masih terbatasnya penggunaan bahan ajar interaktif. Penelitian bertujuan untuk pengembangan e-book fisika interaktif berbasis canva dilengkapi dengan kuis interaktif untuk Fase E SMA/MA dengan valid. Penelitian dibahas tergolong pada jenisnya perihal diteliti juga pengembangan nya turut terkait dalam tahapan berstruktur konsep pengembagannya ADDIE. Pengujian validasinya produk 3 dosen fisika UNP. Temuan validasi produk menunjukkan tingkat validitas sebesar 91%, yang dikategorikan sebagai sangat valid. Maka berkesimpulan jika e-book fisika interaktif berbasiskan Canva dengan kuis interaktif untuk Fase E SMA/MA memiliki tingkat validitas yang sangat valid.
Pengaruh PAD dan Belanja Modal terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kab/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Hutauruk M.F. Mayolanda
Published: November 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) dan Belanja Modal terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kab/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara tahun 2020-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan data sekunder berupa Laporan Realisasi Anggaran (LRA) Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sumatera Utara selama periode 2020-2022. Populasi penelitian mencakup 33 kabupaten/kota, dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling, sehingga total sampel berjumlah 99. Dalam menganalisis data, peneliti memanfaatkan SPSS versi 29. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PAD berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kab/kota di Sumatera Utara tahun 2020-2022 sedangkan belanja modal  berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kab/kota di Sumatera Utara tahun 2020-2022.
POSITION OF DATA POINTS OF THE RIPHEAN STRATOTYPE CLAY ROCKS ON THE DIAGRAMS FOR THE PROVENANCE
Authors: Maslov Andrei Victorovich
Published: November 2024

Using clay rocks of the Riphean stratotype (Bashkir meganticlinorium, Southern Urals) as an example, we compared the results of reconstructing the composition of provenances of fine-grained aluminosiliciclastics obtained by dint of a number of discriminant diagrams (Al2O3 — TiO2, Zr — TiO2, Y/Ni — Cr/V, Cr/Th — Th/Sc, etc.). It is shown that the data points of individual clay rock samples on most diagrams form a fairly compact area in which their sets, belonging to different strata, have a significant overlap. In diagram F1 — F2, data points of clay rocks are present in all its classification fields, and the areas of points of different formations/subformations often do not overlap. In general, almost all the charts we analyzed provide fairly comparable results.
На примере глинистых пород стратотипического разреза рифея (Башкирский мегантиклинорий, Южный Урал) выполнено сопоставление результатов реконструкции состава пород-источников тонкой алюмосиликокластики с помощью ряда дискриминантных диаграмм (Al2O3 — TiO2, Zr — TiO2, Y/Ni — Cr/V, Cr/Th — Th/Sc и др.). Показано, что точки состава индивидуальных образцов глинистых пород на большинстве диаграмм образуют достаточно компактную область, в которой их совокупности, принадлежащие различным стратонам, имеют существенное перекрытие. На диаграмме F1 — F2 фигуративные точки глинистых пород присутствуют во всех ее классификационных полях, а области точек разных свит/подсвит часто не имеют перекрытия. В целом почти все проанализированные диаграммы позволяют получить достаточно сопоставимые результаты.
HYPERGENЕ SULFATE MINERALIZATION IN THE PETLINО QUARRY OF THE BAKAL IRON ORE DISTRICT (SOUTHERN URALS)
Authors: Michurin Sergey Vasilevich , Michurina Victoriya Sergeevna
Published: November 2024

Hypergenе sulfate minerals are described, which together with muscovite-2 form thin outgrowths on the surface of quartz and muscovite-1, which in turn develop on crystals of predominantly cubic pyrite selected from disintegrated “washout shales” in the brown ironstone Petlinо quarry in the Southern Urals. The studies were carried out using X-ray phase analysis and energy dispersive microanalysis. Small secretions of Sr-containing barite are associated with pyrite, quartz and muscovite-1. Pyrite is characterized by a constant small impurity of Co and Ni up to 0.16–0.23 wt. %, occasionally Cu and Pb. On the periphery, accretions with chalcopyrite are often noted in it. It was found that among the aqueous sulfate minerals in the samples, ferricopiapite with an admixture of Al is most developed. This mineral occurs in the form of rounded and oval “brushes” measuring 0.01–0.3 mm in association with hexahydrite and gypsum. The latest hypergenic sulfate is bledite, which forms microtables of about 5 microns in size on ferricopiapite. The presence of pickeringite, alunogen and some other aqueous sulfate minerals is assumed. Ferricopiapite is described for the first time for the Bakal iron ore region. The conducted studies on sulfates formed on the surface of pyrite from the Petlinо quarry confirm and supplement previously obtained information on technogenic hypergenе sulfate mineralization in quarries and dumps of Bakal deposits and can be used for their geoecologic assessment.

Описываются гипергенные сульфатные минералы, образующие совместно с мусковитом-2 тонкие наросты на поверхности кварца и мусковита-1, которые в свою очередь развиваются на кристаллах преимущественно кубического пирита, отобранного из дезинтегрированных «сланцев перемыва» в бурожелезняковом Петлинском карьере на Южном Урале. Исследования проведены с использованием рентгенофазового анализа и энергодисперсионного микроанализа. С пиритом, кварцем и мусковитом-1 ассоциируют мелкие выделения Sr-содержащего барита. Пирит характеризуется постоянной небольшой примесью Co и Ni до 0.16–0.23 мас. %, изредка — Cu и Pb. По периферии в нем часто отмечаются срастания с халькопиритом. Установлено, что среди водных сульфатных минералов в образцах больше всего развит феррикопиапит с примесью Al. Этот минерал встречается в виде округлых и овальных «щеточек» размером 0.01–0.3 мм в ассоциации с гексагидритом и гипсом. Самым поздним гипергенным сульфатом является блёдит, образующий на феррикопиапите микротаблички размером около 5 мкм. Предполагается присутствие пиккерингита, алуногена и некоторых других водных сульфатных минералов. Феррикопиапит описывается впервые для Бакальского железорудного района. Проведенные исследования сульфатов, сформированных на поверхности пирита из Петлинского карьера, подтверждают и дополняют ранее полученные сведения о техногенной гипергенной сульфатной минерализации в карьерах и отвалах Бакальских месторождений и могут быть использованы для их геоэкологической оценки.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE PALEOMAGNETIC STUDY OF THE KATAV FORMATION ALONG THE BOLSHOY AND MALY KAZAMASH RIVERS (SOUTHERN URALS)
Authors: Parfiriev Nikita Petrovich , Golovanova Inessa Vladimirovna , Danukalov Konstantin Nikolaevich , Sal’manova Raushaniya Yurisovna
Published: November 2024

Reconnaissance sampling and study of carbonate rock samples from the outcrop of the Upper Riphean section of the Katav Formation near the basin of the Bolshoy and Maly Kazamash rivers. An average paleomagnetic direction was obtained for the section, which differs in declination from the previously published average paleomagnetic directions of the Katav Formation in the Southern Urals. In addition, a large number of magnetic field inversions were recorded in this section. The paper discusses the prospects for further study of the section, the necessity of which is determined by the issues of regional geology and the study of the magnetic field of the Late Precambrian.

Проведен рекогносцировочный отбор и изучение образцов карбонатных горных пород из разреза катавской свиты верхнего рифея в бассейне рек Большой и Малый Казамаш. Для разреза получено среднее палеомагнитное направление, отличающееся по склонению от опубликованных ранее средних палеомагнитных направлений катавской свиты на Южном Урале. Кроме того, в разрезе зафиксировано большое количество инверсий магнитного поля. В статье обсуждается перспективность дальнейшего исследования разреза, необходимость которого обусловлена вопросами региональной геологии и изучением магнитного поля Земли в позднем докембрии.
Austrian Thought and Social Sciences: Evolution and Application of Methodological Individualism
Authors: Freire Joseph Alexander
Published: November 2024

This article explores Methodological Individualism (MI) within the Austrian School of thought, analyzing its conceptual evolution and application in the social sciences. Throughout the text, it highlights the key contributions of Carl Menger, Ludwig von Mises, and Friedrich Hayek, who shaped and expanded the Austrian methodology towards a deep understanding of social phenomena from an individualistic perspective. The discussion addresses the epistemological and ontological foundations of MI and its role in studying complex social structures, arguing that social dynamics are best explained through the actions and beliefs of individuals. Finally, a critical analysis of contemporary interpretations of MI is presented, distinguishing its original approach from other schools of thought and underscoring its relevance to modern social theory.
Experimentally induced central sensitization is accompanied by alterations in EEG microstate parameters
Authors: Jaltare Ketan Prafull , Torta Diana
Published: November 2024

Pain perception is a dynamic and time-varying phenomenon. The high temporal resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) can be leveraged to gain insight into its time varying cortical dynamics. EEG microstate analysis is a novel technique that parses multi-channel EEG signals into a limited number of quasi-stable topographies (microstates) that have a meaningful temporal structure and have been linked to the activity of canonical resting state networks. In recent years, several studies have investigated alterations in EEG microstate parameters associated with acute and chronic pain states, with mixed results. In the present study, we used high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of the skin, in healthy human volunteers, to induce mechanical punctate hypersensitivity (a perceptual correlate of central sensitization in humans) and investigated a) changes in microstate parameters before vs after the induction of mechanical hypersensitivity and b) whether microstate parameters before HFS were linked to the development of mechanical hypersensitivity. Our results showed that the duration of microstate E, typically related to the activity of the salience/default mode network was consistently decreased post-HFS. The global explained variance of microstates A and E, and coverage of microstate A were positively associated with mechanical hypersensitivity. Conversely, the transition probabilities from microstates B to A and the bidirectional transition probabilities between B and C were negatively associated with mechanical hypersensitivity. We discuss these findings in the context of the functional significance of EEG microstates. Our results highlight the potential utility of microstate analysis in understanding pain processing and its potential link to changes in the nociceptive system.
Design of a Hydraulic Circuit for a Four-Sided Shaper Machine
Authors: Thanikasalam Kumaran
Published: November 2024

This paper introduces a hydraulic circuit designed specifically for a four-sided shaper machine, featuring two double-acting cylinders in synchronized operation. Powered by a dual-pump system, the circuit includes an automatic mechanism to achieve continuous reciprocation, enabling precise and coordinated movement of the cylinders. This setup enhances shaping accuracy and significantly reduces operation time. The design emphasizes efficient fluid control and a compact structure, optimizing workflows for increased productivity in shaping applications. Tailored for shaping tasks in various manufacturing contexts, this circuit offers a practical and versatile solution for industrial operations. The study details the circuit’s schematic layout, functionality, and operational benefits, providing a foundation for practical application and potential advancements in hydraulic-driven shaping systems.
I See You: Seeing One’s Partner during Emotional Communication Enhances the Affective Experience and Promotes Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Genzer Shir , Rum Yonat , Krämer Ulrike M. , Perry Anat
Published: November 2024

In our digitally connected world, interpersonal interactions increasingly occur through online platforms offering varied information channels. This research investigates the unique contribution of visual cues to emotional communication, examining both cognitive and affective aspects. We categorize affective experiences into three domains and explore how visual feedback enhances each and promotes prosocial behavior. Across three ecological dyadic studies on Zoom (N = 710), findings show that while visual information does not significantly enhance emotion-assessment accuracy, it shapes the affective experience of communication. Visual cues increased perceptions of listening, togetherness, and empathy, primarily influencing storytellers' perceptions. Active engagement through body gestures and eye gaze proved crucial in fostering positive interactions, even in online settings. Visual feedback also enhanced prosocial behavior, suggesting that visual elements not only enhance the experience of “being seen,” but motivate altruistic actions as well. The results reveal a complex interplay between visual and auditory cues, with vocal responsiveness only partially compensating for absent visual feedback. These findings have significant implications for social relations in a digital world, as the absence or presence of visual cues can profoundly shape the outcomes of our social interactions.
Enhancing the Scalability, Sustainability, and Efficacy of Maternal Mental Health Interventions in Low-Resource Settings: Commentary on Fink et al. (2024)
Authors: Xie Qiang , Chen Weiying
Published: November 2024

Fink et al. (2024) provides promising evidence for the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of the Problem Management for Moms (PM4M) program, a culturally adapted, community-based maternal mental health intervention in low-resource settings like Zambia. In this commentary, we address several limitations of the study, including the use of a no-treatment control group, which limits causal inference, and the reliance on community health workers for program delivery, which poses challenges for scalability and sustainability. We propose future research to incorporate placebo controls to examine the efficacy of PM4M and dismantling designs to identify the specific treatment components responsible for its benefits, as well as explore the potential for digital, self-help versions of PM4M to enhance scalability. Additionally, we recommend examining the moderating effects of sociodemographic factors on intervention outcomes to better tailor PM4M for diverse populations. These advancements could improve the scalability, sustainability, and efficacy of PM4M in low-resource settings.
The effect of romantic relationships on university students’ mental health: evaluating the mediating role of emotion regulation
Authors: Sanchez-Izquierdo Lozano Clara
Published: November 2024

Higher education students are a vulnerable group with respect to mental health issues, and healthy romantic relationships have shown to be a key influencing factor; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study used a multi-method design to investigate the proposed mediating mechanisms of intra- and inter-personal emotion-regulation strategies. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) and questionnaires, completed by 259 students (124 single, 135 in a relationship), were used to capture both trait emotion regulation tendencies and strategy utilisation on a day-to-day basis. Data were analysed using path mediation in a structural equation model. Results suggested some significant effects of emotion-regulation strategies on depression, anxiety and stress, but with conflicting findings across methods. Findings suggest that fostering positive emotion-regulation strategies among students could be a relevant intervention target for supporting their mental health. Understanding variations in findings across methods, emotion regulation strategies, and mental health outcomes deserves further research attention.Keywords: mental health, students, romantic relationships
Division of Labour and Team Performance: Human-Human Teams compared to Hybrid Human-Machine Teams
Authors: Hedley Laiton Gregory
Published: November 2024

How teams “divvy” up or distribute task labour amongst agents can influenceteaming performance – for better or for worse. Human-Human (HH) teams havetypically demonstrated equal Division of Labour (DoL) strategies which benefitteam outcomes. However, the current understanding of DoL strategies HybridHuman-Machine (HM) teams adopt is not well understood. We aimed to explorethe DoL of HH and HM teams and understand how the DoL impacted teamperformance. We used an experimental platform, in which two agents work con-currently by each controlling a moving paddle to deflect falling balls. Participantswere placed into either a HH team or HM team Alongside team performance,we measured DoL using sophisticated time-sensitive analyses. With these measures, we found the DoL of HH teams was more equal than HM teams and thata more equal DoL was also predictive of better team performance. Addition-ally, HH teams showed less redundancy in their DoL than all other conditionsand less redundant DoL behaviour resulted in better team performance. Thesefindings highlight that there are differences in how humans Divide Labourwith Machine agents. These differences are likely due to the underlying transactive nature human agents can engage in and the lack of transactive nature andcoordination of HM teams. These findings highlight the need to re-evaluate current theories of Teaming Cognition and provide important basis for HM teamingpractice.
Learning by Lobbying
Authors: Awad Emiel , Judd Gleason , Riquelme Nicolas
Published: November 2024

How do interest groups learn about and influence politicians over time? We develop a game-theoretic model where an interest group can lobby a politician while learning about their ideological alignment. Our analysis reveals a fundamental tradeoff: interest groups must balance gathering information against exerting immediate influence, while politicians strategically manage their reputations to shape future interactions. These strategic forces generate systematic dynamics: policies and transfers shift in tandem, with early-career politicians showing greater policy variance and extracting larger rents through reputation management than veterans. Uncertainty about alignment increases policy volatility as groups experiment with offers, while institutional features like committee power and revolving-door incentives systematically alter both learning incentives and influence strategies. Our results shed new light on how interest group influence evolves across political careers and varies with institutional context.
Personal Principle and Cultural Autonomy: Karl Renner's Non-Territorial Federalism Responding to Multinational Coexistence
Authors: Kong Lingkai
Published: November 2024

Current federalism research is dominated by the successful American model, focusing on a territorialized, mono-national constitutional federalism, where individuals of different nations within a specific territorial scope are jointly subject to and protected by the state. However, this is not the only way federalism can address the coexistence of multiple nations. By reviewing historical figures and theoretical narratives, as well as incorporating contemporary federal theorists on plurality and multiracial coexistence, this study seeks to shed light on a non-territorialized alternative arrangement. Once, facing the complex national coexistence within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austrian Marxist Karl Renner proposed the personal principle and cultural autonomy, attempting to reshape the federal structure of the Austro-Hungarian Empire through a non-territorial arrangement. Renner reorganizes national communities as legal entities to act as intermediaries between individuals and the state, and to implement non-territorial economic, political, and cultural management for individuals of their own nations. This study also explores the model's non-territorial character, its treaty-based character, and its embodiment of federalism as norm. In Renner's view, this attempt could achieve a balance, avoiding both the oppression of minorities by the majority within territorial structures and the centrifugal tendencies of minority groups within specific territorial scopes. Although Renner's federalist reforms ultimately failed, they still provide valuable guidance for dealing with the political reality of multinational coexistence today, demonstrating the inherent potential of a non-territorial, pluralistic, treaty-based federalism.
Understanding Changes in Ethnoracial Group Estimates Following Implementation of the FY 2024 HMIS Data Standards
Authors: Mitchell Ross E.
Published: November 2024

The FY 2024 HMIS Data Standards (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2024), which were implemented on October 1, 2023, across the Los Angeles Continuum of Care (LA CoC), introduced a fundamental change to how persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) may claim their racial and ethnic identities. No longer are race (American Indian/Alaska Native/Indigenous, Asian/Asian American, Black/African American/African, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, White) and Hispanic/Latina/e/o ethnicity recorded separately. Instead, they are all options from which one or more may be claimed as an ethnoracial identity, and they include an additional Middle Eastern/North African category among the list of options. It is no longer necessary to claim or reject a racial category for oneself to claim a solely Hispanic/Latina/e/o ethnic identity, which means that the current and prior schemes for ethnoracial identity are neither equivalent nor directly comparable.
Natural Resources Dynamism and Its Issues in Developing Economics
Authors: Mathema Kanhaiya
Published: November 2024

Not Available.
Some Explanations of the Shapes of Yield Curves with a Focus on the Flattening Long End
Authors: Gharana Kishor Kumar Guru
Published: November 2024

Not Available.
Consequence of Rural to Rural Migration in Nepal
Authors: KC Bal Kumar
Published: November 2024

Not Available.
Non-Profit Maximising Theories of the Firm (A Review of Baumol, Williamson, and Ree Models)
Authors: Saxena K.K.
Published: November 2024

Not available.
Trade Policy of Nepal: Review and Repercussions
Authors: Pant Girish P. , Pant Bhubanesh
Published: November 2024

Not Available.
Demographic Survey: Asking Questions with Reference to Sex Preference
Authors: Pant Prakash D.
Published: November 2024

Not Available.
Human Resource Management Practices and Performance Outcomes: The Case of Service Sector Institutions
Authors: Gopal Man Pradhan  , Prakash Shrestha  , Keshab Khadka
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to investigate the state of HRM practices service sector institutions and to analyze the impact of such practices on performance outcomes including productivity, innovation, labor turnover, and employee conflict. Twenty-three service sector institutions including financial institutions, airlines, telecommunication, and hotels were taken into account for research work. The institutions selected for study include both public and private sectors. A total of 494 questionnaires were distributed, only the responses of 426 questionnaires (86.23%) are used in this study as they are in usable form. The results of the correlation study showed that, although HRM practices and policies have a negative link with labor turnover and employee conflict, they have a good relationship with productivity and innovation. Regression study suggests that HRM practices and policies have an effect on labor turnover and employee conflict, but they also seem to have a favorable effect on productivity and innovation. It is anticipated that this study will be beneficial in examining HRM practices and their consequences on the organization and employee performance in the service sector institutions of Nepal.
Briefwechsel 1904–1937
Authors: Levy Oscar , Förster-Nietzsche Elisabeth
Published: November 2024

«The Nietzscheans of all nationalities think me ‹abtrünnig›, because I applied Nietzsches’s teaching to modern conditions.» (Oscar Levy an Norman Douglas, 22. Nov. 1927)
Der Briefwechsel zwischen Oscar Levy, dem Herausgeber der bislang größten englischen Nietzsche-Ausgabe, und Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche bzw. dem Weimarer Nietzsche-Archiv dokumentiert die schwierige Zusammenarbeit sowie die wechselvollen Umstände von 1904 bis 1937. Dabei wird deutlich, wie eine freiheitliche, europäische und antinationalistische Nietzsche-Rezeption in strikter Distanz zur «Deutschsprechung» Nietzsches durch das Weimarer Archiv entstand.
Der Band versammelt beinahe zweihundert Textstücke, Briefe und Dokumente, darunter auch Briefkonzepte Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsches im Diktat, Post- und Grußkarten, Briefe von Verlegern und Übersetzern untereinander sowie Gutachten und Schreiben verschiedener Rechtssachverständiger. Anhand dieser teilweise erstmals publizierten Quellen zur europäischen Rezeptionsgeschichte der Philosophie Nietzsches treten auch die philosophischen, interkulturellen, ökonomischen und mentalen Problemlagen und ihre Bedeutung für die geistige Situation jener bewegten Zeit in Erscheinung.
Traditional and Modern Marble Stone Sculptures of Rajasthan: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kanwar Ratan
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The evolution of marble sculpture in Rajasthan reflects the rich cultural, religious, and artistic heritage of the region. Traditional sculptures, primarily created for temples, focused on religious symbolism, depicting deities, mythological figures, and animals. These sculptures were crafted using ancient tools and techniques, emphasizing uniformity and spiritual significance. In contrast, modern sculptures explore abstract themes, reflecting contemporary issues, emotions, and social life. Research Methods: The study involved site visits to various sculptural locations across Rajasthan, including Jaipur, Jodhpur, and Makrana, to observe and analyze both traditional and modern sculptures. The focus was on materials, tools, design principles, economic significance, and national and international demand. Interviews with sculptors and artisans provided insight into evolving practices and the creative processes behind the works. Results: Traditional sculptures are characterized by their adherence to religious themes and precise sculptural techniques, with high-quality marble being the primary material. Artists used chisels and hammers, focusing on proportion and symbolism. Modern sculptures, however, incorporate a variety of materials, such as terracotta, bronze, and iron, and use advanced tools. These pieces focus more on individual creativity and are often abstract or decorative, serving non-religious purposes. Discussion: While traditional sculptures preserve India's religious and cultural legacy, modern sculptures introduce greater artistic freedom, exploring contemporary themes and personal expression. Both forms have distinct identities, yet they share a common foundation, reflecting the dynamic evolution of sculptures in Rajasthan. Conclusion: Marble sculptures in Rajasthan continue to thrive by balancing tradition with modern innovation, ensuring their enduring relevance in both historical and contemporary contexts.
Knowing the Impact of Efficient Social Media Marketing
Authors: Das Pintu
Published: November 2024

Twenty-first century, people no longer make time to visit and socialize with each other. Through social platform, people can now remain disconnected while still being linked. In addition to this, “social media platforms like Facebook foster a strong bond between people and products, opening up several chances for advertising”. Similar to this, “other social media platforms like blogs provide a forum for posting comments on any event that has to be publicized and can be used as a promotional tool for both customer adoption and promotions”. This study article focuses on methods that can expand “the current social media's current use of viral marketing”. It can also aid in creating a “community that is robust enough to support your marketing efforts”. As a result of ‘social identity’ and ‘perceived value’, “Social Media Marketing efforts have an indirect impact on satisfaction, according to the analytical data”. Simultaneously, “social identity and perceived value have a direct impact on satisfaction, which in turn drives plans to continue, participate, and spend money”. Finally, “references for improving social media marketing are supplied based on the academic and managerial implications of the study's empirical findings”.  According to the literature review, various contemporary consumers turned to social networks for peer guidance. Social media has encouraged consumer-to-consumer contact and made it easier for customers and companies to engage with one another. This study report sheds light on the internet-related literature and online shopper behaviour with regard to the use of online media in small companies. Study aims to pinpoint and examine the factors or behaviours that influence customers' decisions whether to follow or unfollow a specific Brand on social media.