bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pneumonia in kyphoscoliosis: The success stories
Authors: Mustahsin Mohd , Choubey Sanjay , Singh Garima , Dubey Madhulika , Khanduri Sachin , Sharma Rachit , Srivastava Amit
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to millions of deaths worldwide. Old age, immunocompromised state and multiple comorbidities are described as risk factors. Kyphoscoliosis (KS) is the most common spine abnormality and a risk factor of respiratory failure. Management of pneumonia in a patient with severe kyphoscoliosis is challenging to the intensivist. We report successful management of two patients with severe kyphoscoliosis who developed severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Validity of flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of chronic cough in children attending Assiut university children hospital
Authors: Abdel-Raheem Yasser F. , El-Saied Moustafa M. , Sayed Mohamed A. , Hasan Ali A. , Mohamed Mostafa A. , Zahran Asmaa M. , Sherif Mahmoud F. , Ali Mohamed A. , Ghazaly Marwa M. , Ahmed Asmaa O.
Published: September 2021

Context

Chronic cough in children is a major health problem with an increased prevalence from 8 to 20.78% between 1999 and 2016. Flexible bronchoscope has become one of the most valuable tools in the diagnostic workup of unexplained chronic cough in children.

Aims

To assess the children with chronic cough using flexible bronchoscopy in order to diagnose the underlying causes that remain otherwise unexplained by noninvasive diagnostic tests.

Settings and design

Observational cohort study.

Patients and methods

Children with unexplained chronic cough underwent flexible bronchoscopy during the period from October 2017 to December 2019. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was done for cytologic examination and microbiologic studies.

Results

This study involved 60 children, aged from 2 months to 14 years. Flexible bronchoscopy demonstrated positive findings in 65% of cases. The most common finding was congenital airway anomalies in 25% of cases. The second most common finding was visible bronchitis in 21.67% of cases. Other bronchoscopic findings included endobronchial mucous plug (5%), foreign body aspiration (6.67%), extrinsic compression on the airways (10%), and adenoid hypertrophy (1.66%). Cytologic examination of BAL fluid showed that neutrophilia was the most common finding. Haemophilus influenzae was the most common isolated organism in the BAL fluid samples.

Conclusions

Flexible bronchoscopy is a valuable safe tool in the diagnosis of chronic cough in children. BAL helped in the diagnosis of the underlying etiology by providing samples for cytologic and microbiologic studies.
Evaluation of prescription practices of antibiotics in respiratory tract infections at Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital in 2019
Authors: Abdel-Fattaha Manar S.A. , Faramawy Mohammad A.E.-S. , Abdelkader Maryam A.
Published: September 2021

Background

Antibiotics are prescribed at more than 100 million adult ambulatory care visits annually, and 41% of these prescriptions are for respiratory conditions. Unsuitable antibiotic use for respiratory tract infection (RTI) is an important factor in antibiotic resistance, and this is a vital public health threat.

Objective

To evaluate the practices of antibiotics prescribed in RTIs at Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital in the period between March 2019 and October 2019.

Patients and methods

A total of 125 patients with RTI admitted at Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital and 25 physicians working at the same hospital were included in the study. Patients were subjected to medical history and clinical and laboratory assessment. Plain chest radiograph and computed tomography of chest, if needed, were done.

Results

The most frequent antibiotic prescribed empirically was broad-spectrum penicillin (76%). Overall, 56% of physicians prescribed empirical antibiotic for 4–6 days. Overall, 60% of them depended on international guidelines in prescription, and the same percentage reported that prescription was based on combination of clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings.

Conclusion

Overall, 92% of the studied physicians reported empirical prescription of antibiotics. The most frequent antibiotic prescribed empirically was broad-spectrum penicillin. Moreover, 60% of the studied physicians depended on international guidelines in prescription of antibiotics.
Can Glasgow score predict mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation?
Authors: Guldaval Filiz , Anar Ceyda , Gayaf Mine , Yavuz Melike Y. , Polat Gülr , Ayranci Aysu , Karadeniz Gülistan , Ucsular Fatma , Büyükşirin Melih
Published: September 2021

Background

The study was planned to investigate the importance of Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) in cases that require hospitalization owing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) acute attack.

Patients and methods

The study retrospectively conducted 223 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Based on the data obtained from the files, the requirement of transfer to intensive care and death in hospital was considered as negative results.

Results

In total, 233 cases were involved in this study. A total of 194 (83.3%) of the patients were male, and 39 (16.7%) were female. GPS of 0, 1, and 2 were observed in 36, 112, and 85 patients, respectively. Cox regression analysis indicated that hospitalization in ICU (P=0.000, odds ratio: 7.45, confidence interval: 4.77–11.53%) and GPS 2 (P=0.11, odds ratio: 3.34, confidence interval: 1.314–8.52%) are independent risk factors for negative results of acute exacerbation. Survival times were shorter at significant levels in GPS 2 group.

Conclusion

It was found that elevated GPS values are associated with increased hospital mortality risk. GPS is a universally available, low-cost method and may be used as a prognostic marker for short-term hospital mortality in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
Anxiety among Egyptian patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its effect on their functional assessment
Authors: Hieba Ezzelregal G. , Rehab Mohamed S. , Noha Ahmed O.
Published: September 2021

Context

Anxiety disorders are underestimated comorbid conditions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD; updated 2019) has given wide importance on assessment of underdiagnosed comorbid conditions to evaluate patients with stable COPD.

Aims

To investigate the occurrence of anxiety as a hidden comorbid disease among patients with stable COPD and their effect on 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and COPD assessment test (CAT) score.

Settings and design

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Patients and methods

Patients with COPD who were attending the outpatient chest clinic for follow-up at Ain Shams University Hospitals were included in the study during the period between January 2019 and July 2019. Patients were classified according to GOLD criteria 2019. The validated questionnaire for anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) was fulfilled. The patients were functionally assessed by 6MWD and CAT score.

Statistical analysis

Statistical Package for Social Sciences program software, version 18.0, was used for statistical analysis.

Results

Anxiety among Patients with COPD was 54.5%. The lower the forced expiratory volume in the first second % predicted, the greater the anxiety (P=0.027). A positive significant correlation was found between anxiety state and GOLD staging (P=0.042). 6MWD showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the degree of anxiety (P=0.018). CAT scoring had an apparent positive correlation with the anxiety state but unfortunately did not reach the statistically significant difference (P=0.081).

Conclusion

The underestimated comorbid anxiety disorders are found to be common in patients with COPD. It adds to patients’ dyspnea, especially with high CAT scores and decreased exercise tolerance.
Permeability of active ingredients of cannabis and possibility for further antituberculosis drug development
Authors: Sookaromdee Pathum , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: September 2021

Background

Cannabis is presently legalized in several countries owing to its medicinal property. The antibacterial properties of active ingredients of cannabis have been mentioned. Their usefulness in the management of tuberculosis is very interesting.

Materials and methods

The authors performed a bioinformatics analysis to assess the possibility of important active ingredients of cannabis.

Results

Based on the present analysis, it can be seen that the studied active ingredients of cannabis can effectively pass through the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, indicating the possibility of further pharmacological actions.

Conclusion

The active ingredients of cannabis are the possible new targets for further antituberculosis drug development.
Immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms of three myeloid-derived suppressor cells subsets including monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, granulocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and immature-myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Nagatani Yoshiaki , Funakoshi Yohei , Suto Hirotaka , Imamura Yoshinori , Toyoda Masanori , Kiyota Naomi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Minami Hironobu
Published: September 2021

Context:

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immune cells of myeloid lineage. Recent reports have suggested that human MDSC are divided into three subsets: monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC), granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC), and immature MDSC (I-MDSC). However, the characteristics of each human MDSC subset still remain unclear.

Materials and Methods:

To evaluate the immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms, we first performed a T-cell suppression assay using cells obtained from healthy donor peripheral blood samples. The levels of immune inhibitory molecules in the culture supernatant of each MDSC subset were measured to reveal the T-cell suppressive mechanisms. Then, we compared these results with the results from cells obtained from cancer patient blood samples. Finally, we investigated the difference in the frequency of each MDSC subset between the healthy donors and the cancer patients.

Results:

Although M-MDSC and G-MDSC suppressed T-cell activation, I-MDSC had no T-cell suppressive effect. We found that the culture supernatant of M-MDSC and G-MDSC contained high levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and arginase, respectively, in both healthy donors and cancer patients. No inhibitory molecules were detected in the culture supernatant of I-MDSC. The population of functional MDSC (M-MDSC and G-MDSC) in the total MDSC was significantly increased in cancer patients compared with that in healthy donors.

Conclusions:

Although M-MDSC and G-MDSC, which released IL-1RA and arginase, respectively, suppressed T-cell activation, I-MDSC did not have an immunosuppressive effect. The population of functional MDSC was increased in cancer patients compared with that in healthy donors.
Dosimetric analysis of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy-step and shoot, helical tomotherapy, and volumetric modulated arc therapy in prostate cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Gozal Fenny , Gondhowiardjo Soehartati Argadikoesoema , Kodrat Henry , Wibowo Wahyu Edy
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

There is limited study comparing dosimetry parameters in detail. In regard to prostate cancer, there are four different techniques, namely three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy-step and shoot (IMRT-SS), IMRT-helical tomotherapy (HT), and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Materials and Methods:

Experimental study with intervention on ten prostate cancer patients' computed tomography planning data. 78 Gy dose in 39 fractions was given for planning target volume.Experimental study with intervention on ten prostate cancer patients' computed tomography planning data. 78 Gy dose in 39 fractions was given for planning target volume.

Results:

The mean V75 Gy rectum and bladder between 3D-CRT and the other three abovementioned techniques all showed significant results (P < 0.05). V5 Gy remaining volume at risk (RVR) between 3D-CRT versus VMAT and HT, IMRT-SS versus HT, and VMAT versus HT is statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The longest radiation time was done with HT (mean 4.70 ± 0.84 min).

Conclusion:

V75 Gy rectum bladder between 3D-CRT techniques differ significantly compared to the three other techniques and may not be suitable to the implementation of escalation doses. The HT technique produced the highest V5 Gy RVR and needed the highest monitor unit amount and the longest radiation duration. The VMAT technique was considered capable of realizing dose escalation in prostate cancer radiotherapy by minimizing toxicity in the rectum and bladder with the shortest radiation duration.
Abdominoperineal Tunnel Crafted with Alken's Telescopic Dilators
Authors: Chatterjee Uday Sankar , Basu Ashoke Kumar , Das Sachchidananda , Mitra Debashis
Published: September 2021

Background:

Abdomino-perineal pull through procedure needs perineal dissection and for that swap of supine to prone may be necessary. To avoid that as well as to avoid neuro-muscular damage; we are describing a simple minimal invasive procedure with help of Alken's telescopic dilators.

Patients & Methods:

We created abdomino-perineal tunnel with Alken's telescopic dilators to bring down the lumen of intestine in perineum in eight patients.

Results:

Operative time happened to be less and procedure found to be less traumatic. All the eight patients had satisfactory outcome

Conclusions:

Actually, we have repurposed the Alken's dilator for creation of abdomino-perineal tunnel or track to get benefit of minimal dissection of perineum during pull-through procedure as well as to avoid neuro-muscular damage.
Modified Laparoscopic Excision of Choledochal Cyst
Authors: Pandey Vaibhav , Srivastava Vivek , Panigrahi Pranay , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Shiv Prasad
Published: September 2021

Background:

Choledochal cyst is a common congenital anomaly requiring surgical treatment. Nowadays, laparoscopic excision is the preferred approach. We studied a modification in the classical laparoscopic approach to facilitate the dissection of a cyst.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective comparative study was done on 42 Type I choledochal cyst children. One group was operated by classical laparoscopic technique, while the other group was operated by modification of classical technique by deliberately opening the cyst wall and dividing the cyst into two hemi-cups, followed by dissection and excision. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters were assessed in both the groups.

Results:

The age, gender ratio, clinical presentation, and cyst diameter were comparable in both the groups. There was a significantly higher success rate (95.7% vs. 73.7%, P = 0.042) and lesser time for cyst excision (96.43 ± 12.15 vs. 120.91 ± 17.38 min P < 0.001) in the modified technique when compared to the classical technique. Further in three patients, it was possible to convert the classical procedure to a modified technique and complete the cyst excision. The postoperative outcomes were similar in both the groups.

Conclusion:

The modified laparoscopic excision shortens the operative time with higher success rate and comparable short-term morbidity vis-a-vis classical laparoscopic technique.
Extrapulmonary Pleuropulmonary Blastoma in a 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Ali Mokarram , Malik Muneer Abas , Peters Nitin James , Reddy Manasa , Samujh Ram
Published: September 2021

Pleuropulmonary blastomas (PPBs) are very rare, highly aggressive, dysembryonic neoplasms of thoracopulmonary mesenchyme. These have been reported in the pediatric population and account for only 0.5%–1% of all primary malignant lung cancers. They normally arise from lung tissue, however rarely the parietal pleura may be the tissue of origin (extra pulmonary PPB) which are extremely rare. Common age of presentation is three to 4 years. The prognosis is poor with distant metastasis to central nervous system and bone with survival rate of approximately 42.9% at 5 years. They are managed by aggressive multimodal therapies including surgery and chemotherapy. We report a case of a 3-year-old male child with Type 2 PPB of the left hemithorax, managed by surgical excision of the mass and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Congenital Colonic Stenosis
Authors: Gupta Archika , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Sunil Kanoujia , Pandey Anand , Rawat Jile Dar , Kureel Shiv Narain
Published: September 2021

Aims:

Congenital colonic stenosis (CCS) is an extremely rare cause of low-intestinal obstruction in neonates/child. We report our experience with seven cases of CCS presenting with low-intestinal obstruction and diagnosed intraoperatively and also propose an algorithm for its appropriate treatment for the adequate outcome.

Materials and Methods:

It was a retrospective study of seven patients of CCS including two neonates (5-days and 15-days old), four infants (age range – 2–11 months), and one 24-month-old child admitted from 2014 to 2019. Information regarding the age of presentation, clinical presentation, physical findings, radiological and laboratory findings, details of surgery, and outcome was retrieved and analyzed.

Results:

The male-to-female ratio was 5:2. Patients were initially diagnosed as cases of Hirschsprung's disease in five and ileal atresia in two. A final diagnosis of CCS was made during surgery and histopathological examination of resected stenotic segment. The segment involved was ascending colon in three, transverse colon in two, and sigmoid colon and junction of descending and sigmoid colon each in one patient. Resection of stenotic colonic segment and primary end-to-end anastomosis was performed in two, divided stoma after resection of the stenotic segment and secondary anastomosis in three, and proximal loop terminal ileostomy followed by resection of the stenotic colonic segment and ileocolic anastomosis after 10–12 weeks in two.

Conclusions:

CCS is a rare but possible cause of large-bowel obstruction, in neonatal, infant, and children particularly when associated with a history of chronic constipation since birth. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis while managing a case of neonatal and pediatric intestinal obstruction, particularly low-bowel obstruction along with a history of chronic constipation. Treatment should be individualized for each patient based on clinical status and associated anomalies to give the best results with less morbidity.
Clinicopathological Study of Primary Pediatric Gastrointestinal Lymphomas
Authors: Ghosh Moupali , Sengupta Moumita , Barman Shibsankar , Chatterjee Uttara , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita , Sarkar Ruchirendu , Saha Koushik , Basu Ashoke Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background:

Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas (PGIL) are uncommon in children and account for <5% of all pediatric malignancies. The objective of our study was to analyze the prognostic factors of pediatric PGILs with reference to its histological subtypes, stage, and outcomes using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty cases were studied over 11 years. Clinicopathological profiles, histological details, and immunohistochemical (IHC) profiles were analyzed.

Results:

The mean age at the presentation was 6 years. Using IHC stains (CD CD10, CD19, CD20, CD3, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, BCL 2 and 6, PAX 5, and MUM1), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was most prevalent (45%), followed by Burkitt lymphoma (35%) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (20%). DLBCLs (9) were classified using the Han's algorithm. Six were activated B-cell and 3 were germinal center B-cell subtypes. The cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma and those in Stage I disease had the best prognosis.

Conclusion:

Pediatric PGILs have variable presentation, outcomes, and diverse treatment modalities depending on the histological subtypes. A panel of IHC stains can be a useful adjunct for the categorization and prognosis of pediatric PGILs.
Is the rural population of Puducherry district healthy in terms of the burden of non-communicable diseases? Findings from a cross-sectional analytical survey
Authors: Sivanantham P , Sahoo JP , Lakshminarayanan S , Bobby Z , Kar SS
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Epidemiological transition remains a key contributor to the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across developing nations. Population-specific NCD risk factors estimates derived using World Health Organization (WHO) 'STEP-wise approach' are crucial for devising evidence-based public health interventions to combat NCDs.

Objective:

To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among the rural adult population of Puducherry district in India.

Methodology:

STEPS survey was conducted by following all three steps (behavioral, physical measurements and biochemical risk factors) of NCD risk factor assessment. A total of 790 participants were selected from 50 villages through multistage cluster sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral risk factors, physical measurements and biochemical (fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol) risk factors.

Results:

Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were present among 11.3% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9-13.6%) and 19.2% (95% CI: 16.5-22.4%) of the population, respectively. Low physical activity, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, overweight and obesity were observed among 29.3% (95% CI: 26.2-32.7%), 89.8% (95% CI: 87.6-92%), 15.6% (95% CI: 13.1-18.3%) and 38.9% (95% CI: 35.4-42.2%), respectively. About 28.2% (95% CI: 25.2-31.6%) had hypertension and 24.4% (95% CI: 20-29%) had diabetes mellitus. Abdominal obesity was twice highly prevalent among women. Tobacco and alcohol use were more common among men, whereas low physical activity, obesity and hypercholesterolemia were higher among women.

Conclusion:

Public health interventions to promote healthy lifestyle need to be initiated especially to increase physical activity, intake for fruits and vegetables, and quitting of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the rural population of Puducherry.
Эффективные версии теоремы Эрдeша-Винтнера
Authors: Tenenbaum Gerald , Verwee Johann
Published: September 2021

Классическая теорема Эрдeша и Винтнера дает критерий существования предельного распределения для вещественной аддитивной арифметической функции. Данная работа посвящена получению эффективной оценки для остаточного члена при выполнении условий этого критерия. Также изучен случай условного распределения.
Множества разностей и положительные экспоненциальные суммы. II: Кубические вычеты в циклических группах
Authors: Matolcsi Máté , Ruzsa Imre Z.
Published: September 2021

С помощью построения подходящих неотрицательных экспоненциальных сумм получены верхние оценки размера произвольного множества $B_q$ в циклической группе $\mathbb Z_q$ такого, что множество разностей $B_q-B_q$ не содержит кубических вычетов по модулю $q$.
Пять лекций о жизни и творчестве академика И.М. Виноградова
Authors: Karatsuba Anatolii Alekseevich
Published: September 2021

Статья представляет собой текст лекций о жизни и творчестве советского академика И.М. Виноградова, первого директора Математического института им. В.А. Стеклова АН СССР, прочитанных его сотрудником и соавтором А.А. Карацубой (1937-2008) в сентябре 1983 г. в Таджикском государственном университете им. В.И. Ленина (Душанбе).
Теорема о среднем значении кратных тригонометрических сумм на последовательности многочленов Белла
Authors: Chubarikov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: September 2021

Доказана теорема о среднем для кратных тригонометрических сумм на последовательности многочленов Белла, обобщающая теоремы И.М. Виноградова и Г.И. Архипова. Как известно, теорема о среднем подобного типа лежит в сердцевине метода И.М. Виноградова. Многочлены Белла самым тесным образом связаны с теоремой Фаа ди Бруно о производных высших порядков сложной функции. Приложением доказанной в работе теоремы о среднем служат оценки сумм вида $\sum _{n_1\leq P}…\sum _{n_r\leq P}e^{2\pi i(\alpha _1Y_1(n_1)+…+\alpha _rY_r(n_1,…,n_r))}$, где $\alpha _s$ - действительные числа, $Y_s(n_1,…,n_s)$ - многочлен Белла степени $s$, $1\leq s\leq r$.
О задаче Моцкина для группы $\mathbb R/\mathbb Z$
Authors: Candela Pablo , Catalá de la  Torre Carlos Alberto , Rué  Perna Juan José , Serra Oriol
Published: September 2021

Рассматривается следующая задача. Пусть $D$ - заданное подмножество интервала $(0,1)$. Насколько велика может быть мера Лебега борелевского множества $A\subset [0,1)$, не содержащего пар элементов, разность которых по модулю $1$ принадлежит $D$? Это аналог для группы $\mathbb R/\mathbb Z$ известной задачи Моцкина, изначально поставленной для множеств целых чисел. На основе методов эргодической теории, теории графов и геометрии чисел в работе получены первые результаты для этого $\mathbb R/\mathbb Z$-варианта задачи в случае, когда множество $D$ запрещенных разностей конечно. В частности, найдено точное решение в случае, когда $D$ имеет два элемента, хотя бы один из которых иррационален. Если все элементы множества $D$ рациональны, задача эквивалентна нахождению оценки для коэффициента независимости циркулянтного графа. Для случая двух рациональных элементов получена асимптотически точная оценка этого коэффициента в терминах нечетного обхвата графа, из которой также следует классическое решение Кантора и Гордона исходной задачи Моцкина для двух запрещенных разностей.
Environmental resilience and sustainability through green technologies: A case evidence from rural coastal India
Authors: D’ Silva Tinku Casper , Verma Srishti , Magdaline Rinku Mary , Chandra Ram , Khan Abid Ali
Published: September 2021

Rural coastal regions in developing countries are generally neglected with respect to environmental issues. The present study examined the feasibility of green technologies such as rainwater harvesting (RWH), sand filtration (SF), and composting (in-vessel and pit) to recover from the environmental issues in the coastal rural regions using survey and geographic information systems considering a rural Indian case study. According to the results, RWH yielded 0.140 million litres per 100 m² rooftop in the area, while a maximum total dissolved solids removal of 52% was achieved using the SF alleviating the water concerns. Meanwhile, with a solid waste generation of 0.207 kg d-1 capita-1 comprising 79.81% organic fraction, composting becomes the best waste resource recovery option in the area. Pilot-scale studies of composting transformed organic wastes into compost manure rich in nutrients improving the soil quality. Further analysis using a multi-criteria decision-making approach revealed that the public interest in applying these technologies depends on investment costs, additional resources requirements, and governmental policies. With the scope of improved lifestyle and quality, the study proposes more future research over green technologies and their implementation and is also directed towards developing decentralized site-specific rural governmental policies to achieve sustainability goals.
Khảo sát thứ tự thụ đắc các hình thức “li” từ li hợp tiếng Trung Quốc của sinh viên Việt Nam
Authors: Vũ Vũ Hớn
Published: September 2021

Trên cơ sở Kho ngữ liệu ngôn ngữ trung gian tiếng Trung Quốc của sinh viên Việt Nam, với hai tiêu chí thứ tự tần suất sử dụng chính xác và thứ tự theo ma trận Guttman, bài viết đã xây dựng thứ tự thụ đắc các hình thức “li” từ li hợp tiếng Trung Quốc của sinh viên Việt Nam. Kết quả như sau: hình vị “động” + định ngữ mang tính vị từ + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + hình vị “động” + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ khả năng + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ số lượng + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + trợ từ động thái 了/着/过 + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ kết quả + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + định ngữ mang tính thể từ + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ hướng + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “tân” + hình vị “động” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ mức độ + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + trợ từ 的 + hình vị “tân” > hình vị “động” + bổ ngữ chỉ tình thái + hình vị “tân”. Kết quả nghiên cứu này có giá trị tham khảo nhất định trong việc biên soạn giáo trình và đề thi tiếng Trung Quốc cho sinh viên Việt Nam.
Một số bất cập về pháp luật giao dịch bằng hợp đồng điện tử tại Việt Nam
Authors: Nghĩa Lê Hữu
Published: September 2021

Cuộc cách mạng công nghiệp lần thứ tư đang diễn ra sôi nổi trên phạm vi toàn cầu cùng với sự phát triển vượt bậc và không ngừng của khoa học kỹ thuật được ứng dụng trong mọi mặt đời sống, kinh tế, pháp luật. Tuy nhiên, pháp luật điều chỉnh về giao dịch bằng hợp đồng điện tử vẫn còn một số bất cập có thể dẫn đến rủi ro cho các chủ thể tham gia giao kết hợp đồng như: khó khăn và tốn nhiều chi phí trong việc thu thập và kiểm tra tính xác thực của chứng cứ từ thông điệp dữ liệu; thiếu quy định cụ thể về hình thức chữ ký scan và chữ ký hình ảnh; chưa có quy định về công chứng hợp đồng điện tử. Những bất cập này lần lượt được chỉ ra qua các phương pháp tra cứu, so sánh và phân tích luật viết nhằm đưa ra các gợi ý điều chỉnh và cải thiện hiệu quả và khả thi tương ứng với từng vấn đề pháp lý hiện còn tồn tại.
Đánh giá chất lượng bộ câu hỏi sát hạch lý thuyết lái xe mô tô Hạng A1 mới
Authors: Trung Nguyễn Xuân , Lập Dương Văn
Published: September 2021

Có thể khẳng định chất lượng đào tạo và sát hạch lý thuyết lái xe phụ thuộc vào chất lượng bộ đề. Dù có một số thay đổi so với bộ đề sát hạch cũ, nhưng qua phân tích độ khó và cách thức biên soạn, có thể nhận định rằng bộ 200 câu hỏi sát hạch lý thuyết lái xe hạng A1 vẫn chưa có chất lượng hơn bộ cũ và khó có thể đánh giá việc học tập lý thuyết lái xe một cách hiệu quả. Cụ thể là chỉ có 0.5% câu hỏi khó, 3.5% trung bình và 96% dễ, trong đó, có đến 43.5% số câu hỏi là hoàn toàn dễ dàng, ai dự sát hạch cũng trả lời đúng. Có 74.5% vi phạm nguyên tắc viết câu hỏi trắc nghiệm nhiều lựa chọn, từ thể thức đến nội dung. Ngoài ra, có thể khẳng định rằng câu hỏi “điểm liệt” chỉ là một cách thức gây khó, chứ không giúp nâng cao hiệu quả. Để cải thiện chất lượng đào tạo và sát hạch lái xe, sửa đổi và hoàn thiện các bộ câu hỏi sát hạch lái xe của tất cả các hạng là một việc làm cấp thiết.
Vốn xã hội, sự cam kết với tổ chức và chia sẻ tri thức ẩn: Nghiên cứu cho khu vực công tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Sơn Đoàn Bảo
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu này khám phá các nhân tố làm tiền đề cho hành vi chia sẻ tri thức ẩn trong khu vực công. Dữ liệu được thu thập bằng bảng hỏi và theo phương pháp lấy mẫu thuận tiện. Đối tượng khảo sát là cán bộ, công chức, viên chức đang làm việc tại các cơ quan hành chính nhà nước ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bằng sự hỗ trợ của các lãnh đạo, tác giả thu được 477 bảng trả lời từ các đáp viên. Kết quả kiểm định các giả thuyết nghiên cứu bằng mô hình cấu trúc tuyến tính (SEM) cho thấy 03 chiểu kích vốn xã hội cấu trúc, vốn xã hội quan hệ và vốn xã hội tri nhận đều ảnh hưởng tích cực đến sự cam kết với tổ chức. Đến lượt nó, sự cam kết của nhân viên sẽ thúc đẩy hành vi chia sẻ tri thức ẩn. Dựa vào các kết quả này, các hàm ý chính sách thúc đẩy nhân viên chia sẻ tri thức ẩn cũng được tác giả đề xuất trong bài báo.
Nghiên cứu tổng quan về dạy học theo quan điểm sư phạm tương tác
Authors: Chung Trần Mậu
Published: September 2021

Dạy học theo quan điểm sư phạm tương tác là một hướng tiếp cận dạy học hiện đại, đã và đang thu hút được nhiều nhà khoa học, nhà giáo dục trong và ngoài nước nghiên cứu. Để làm cơ sở, tiền đề cho nghiên cứu vấn đề vận dụng quan điểm sư phạm tương tác trong dạy các môn khoa học xã hội và nhân văn đạt hiệu quả thiết thực. Chúng tôi đã tiến hành nghiên cứu tổng quan về dạy học theo quan điểm sư phạm tương tác qua các nghiên cứu của các tác giả trong và ngoài nước trên các hướng như sau: Nghiên cứu về vai trò và mối quan hệ tương tác các thành tố của quá trình dạy học; nghiên cứu về cơ sở lý thuyết, phương pháp và kỹ thuật dạy học theo quan điểm sư phạm tương tác; Nghiên cứu về ứng dụng công nghệ thông tin và truyền thông trong dạy học theo quan điểm sư phạm tương tác và nghiên cứu về vận dụng quan điểm sư phạm tương tác trong các môn học ở các nhà trường.
PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH INDONESIA LUAR NEGERI DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19 DI SEKOLAH INDONESIA KUALA LUMPUR (SIKL) DAN SEKOLAH INDONESIA DEN HAAG (SIDH)
Authors: Khoriah Siti Nur , Rizkia Nanda Melina , Awwaliyah Annisa Fajriatul , Ramadhani Annisa Dita , Umam Ahmad Miftahul , Mubarok Husni
Published: September 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 telah membawa dampak yang cukup besar dalam berbagai bidang seperti bidang pendidikan, bidang perekonomian, bidang industri, bidang pertahanan, bidang politik dan lain sebagainya. Dalam bidang pendidikan proses pembelajaran yang biasanya dilakukan di Sekolah dipindah tempatkan di rumah masing-masing. Maka diperlukan solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Pembelajaran secara daring adalah salah satu alternatif yang dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring di Sekolah Indonesia Luar Negeri Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (SIKL) dan Sekolah Indonesia Den Haag, Belanda (SIDH) sebagai upaya menekan penyebaran covid-19 di Sekolah. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa dan guru disekolah tersebut. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara Seminar Nasional Program Studi PGMI IAIN Kudus pada tahun 2020 melalui zoom cloud meeting. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Analisis Kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Siswa telah memiliki fasilitas-fasilitas dasar yang dibutuhkan untuk mengikuti pembelajaran daring; (2) pembelajaran daring memiliki fleksibilitas dalam pelaksanaannya dan mampu mendorong munculnya kemandirian belajar dan motivasi untuk lebih aktif dalam belajar; dan (3) pembelajaran jarak jauh mendorong munculnya perilaku social distancing dan meminimalisir munculnya keramaian siswa sehingga dianggap dapat mengurangi potensi penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan sekolah. Lemahnya pengawasan terhadap siswa, kurang kuatnya sinyal di daerah pelosok, dan mahalnya biaya kuota adalah tantangan tersendiri dalam pembelajaran daring.
Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety Awareness among Healthcare Workers at the Pediatric Hospital in Benghazi City
Authors: Amal Ali Mukhtad  , Fatima Mohammed Alomamy  , Aya Abdullah Almukassbi  , Aya Joma Rafa Abbas  , Amira Abu baker Alfseiy
Published: September 2021

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is an essential area concerned with the protection, health, and safety plus the welfare of individuals involved in any kind of occupation. This study aimed at assessing the occupational health and safety awareness and practices among the healthcare workers in the pediatric hospital in Benghazi city, Libya. The study adopted descriptive survey research in the Benghazi pediatric hospital. The study randomly selected 246 healthcare workers and the response rate was 96%. A questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument. The data were coded and analyzed using descriptive statistics; frequencies and percentages and inferential analysis of correlation. Around 50% of the participants reported a lower level of awareness regarding occupational health and safety (OHS). The study proposes that the ministry of health should conduct specialist training in occupational health and safety for their staff, they also should confirm provisions of this policy and technical guidelines apply to all health institutions and administrative units within the health sector. Further hospital risk management should put in place a regular monitoring team who will certify that workers notice in firm terms safety measures put in place to avoid any accidents/injuries. Lastly, the study recommends that further research on the factors determining the implementation of occupational health and safety awareness and practices at public health care facilities in Libya.
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF DLP 3D PRINTED VARIOUS MICRO LATTICES FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING
Authors: DOKUZ Muhammed Enes , AYDIN Mustafa , UYANER Mesut
Published: September 2021

This study aims to design and manufacture different lattices and evaluate their success in terms of compression strength. Structures with a high surface area to volume (SA:V) ratio and microporosity are designed to mimic cancellous bone tissue. The volume-centered cubic and face-centered cubic lattice structures are higher in terms of the SA:V ratio among the designed specimens. Specimens in the cylindrical form used with four different lattices were successfully produced by 3D (Digital Light Processing) DLP printing. A preliminary evaluation of the lattices was made by searching for the lowest stress and displacement values under compression load with finite element analysis. The lowest von-Mises stress value was 6.37 MPa in the simple cubic lattice structure. The compression test was carried out under quasi-static conditions with equal preloading. The loads at onset damage were compared. The highest fracture average load was in face-centered cubic lattice structures with 10.14 kN. Among the specimens with low standard deviation in the compression test, the simple cubic and gyroid lattice structures’ fracture force is higher.
Mono ve Multi Split Klima sistemlerinin Ömür Boyu Maliyet Analizi
Authors: KARA Emrah , AKTACİR Mehmet Azmi , KUŞ Mehmet
Published: September 2021

Giderek artan dünya nüfusu ve buna bağlı olarak sanayileşmenin de hızla büyümesiyle enerji ihtiyacına olan bağlılık günden güne artmaktadır. Bunun yanında fosil yakıtların teminin giderek zorlaşacağı ve yakın gelecekte tükeneceği tahmin edilmektedir. Fosil yakıtların elde edilmesinin zorluğu kadar kullanımı sonrası ortaya çıkan zararlı gazların da çevreye büyük zarar vermesi dikkat edilmesi gereken bir husustur. Tüm bu etkenler göz önüne alındığında, enerji kullanımının önemi bir kez daha anlaşılacaktır. Gelişen teknoloji ile ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeylerine bağlı olarak elektrik tüketimine ihtiyaç duyan cihazların kullanılması artmaktadır. Bu nedenle elektrik tüketiminin azaltılması açısından cihaz seçimleri de oldukça önemli bir hal almaktadır. Bu makalede iki farklı klima sisteminin ömür maliyet analizi yöntemi ile ilk yatırım maliyetlerinin ve işletme maliyetinin en önemli maddesi olan enerji tüketimlerinin kıyaslanarak, en doğru seçimin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, multisplit klimalarının mono split klimalara göre enerji tüketim oranlarının daha az olması nedeniyle işletme giderlerinde daha avantajlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm yıl kullanımı durumunda geri ödeme süresinin bir yıldan az olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Designing a 3D Printed Prosthetic to Meet Task-Specific Needs: A Case Study
Authors: Panchik Daniel , Feeney Gina , Springer Angeline , VanBrocklin Cristina , Winters Hannah
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this case study is to explore the ease of utilizing task-specific design in computer-aided, open-source 3D printed design software. Two participants were recruited and assessed using subjective and objective measures to guide the prosthetic designs. Hand measurements were obtained and entered into computer software to create computer-aided design drawings of the digit prosthetics. Field notes were taken throughout this process by the interdisciplinary team and analyzed to address the ease of utilizing this technology. Objective assessments showed that both participants experienced decreased expansion, grip, and prehension strength of their affected hands. Semi-structured interviews with the participants identified several meaningful tasks that a prosthetic device could improve function in and offered valuable guidance in the development of the prosthetic designs. Analysis of the field notes allowed for the identification of six domains within the research questions. Those domains include appropriate assessment utilization, time management, participant responsiveness, clinical reasoning, common language, and available resources. The successful collaboration of occupational therapy (OT) and engineering disciplines resulted in customized 3D printed finger prosthetic designs to meet participants' specified tasks.
Addressing Health-Related Myths in the Culturally Diverse African American Population: A Call to Action
Authors: Joseph Lucson
Published: September 2021

African Americans (AAs) experience numerous challenges that socially, economically, and physically affect their communities. Recent studies have found that a diverse array AAs encounter many struggles as they navigate the United States (U.S.) healthcare system to access care and receive healthcare services. AA communities are significantly affected by the burden of chronic diseases. They face considerable barriers to healthcare services that contribute to adverse health outcomes. This paper explains the daily struggles many AAs face within their communities to access and navigate the healthcare system due to culturally held myths and barriers. This paper discusses commonly held myths among Afro-Caribbean and West Indies populations living within the state of Georgia to suggest a call to action to address health disparities in this population.
Relationship Among Emotional Intelligence and/or Extrovert Bias on Perceived Stress Levels in DPT Students
Authors: Richardson Scott , Auvinen Jordan , Bonnett Brennan , Takeuchi Lucas , Thompson Erin
Published: September 2021

Purpose/Hypothesis: Students in graduate level DPT programs function at varying levels. Some students thrive and others struggle to maintain required minimum levels of academic performance. When considering admission of applicants, and when assisting enrolled students, consideration of factors contributing to academic success is of interest. Stress has been shown to be prevalent in a wide range of students and has many negative effects including poor life satisfaction, increased clinical burnout, and reduced academic performance. Research has shown a correlation between higher emotional intelligence (EI) and decreased stress levels in medical, nursing, and undergraduate students. The purpose of this study was to examine if emotional intelligence (EI) and/or extrovert bias correlates with perceived stress levels in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students. It was hypothesized that students with higher emotional intelligence and more extroverted personalities would experience lower levels of perceived stress. Participants: After providing consent, a convenience sample of 60 first and second year DPT students (33 female) with age range 23 to 38 participated in the current study. Participation was voluntary and 60 of a possible 72 students chose to participate. Materials/Methods: After obtaining informed consent, participants completed Goldberg’s IPIP-Neo questionnaire (extraversion), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Assessing Emotions Scale (emotional intelligence). Each of these tools have demonstrated validity and reliability for the respective areas measured. Surveys were administered to students and results were analyzed for possible relationships between extraversion and stress levels as well as EI and stress levels using a Spearman Correlation test. Results: Spearman Correlation analyses were conducted with a significant negative correlation between EI and perceived stress rs = -0.291, p= 0.026 and a non-significant negative correlation between extraversion and perceived stress rs = -1.36, p= 0.305. Discussion: In the current sample, EI had a significant negative relationship with perceived stress levels, with higher EI scores correlating to lower levels of stress. The relationship between extraversion and perceived stress was non-significant. Clinical Relevance: Doctorate level graduate programs can be considered intense and very stressful. Admission of qualified students equipped to meet the demands of a DPT program has great importance. Establishing a correlation between EI, introversion/extraversion bias, and stress may help DPT programs further assess prospective students. Consideration of factors correlated with higher perceived stress may be useful when providing resources to admitted students to facilitate academic success.
Feeding Difficulties in Children: A Guide for Allied Health Professionals An Evaluation Report
Authors: Blayden Carmel , Holland Kate , Hughes Sonia , Nicol Jennifer
Published: September 2021

Purpose: An evaluation of Feeding Difficulties in Children: A Guide for Allied Health Professionals (2016) was undertaken to determine how the publication has been utilised amongst allied health professionals across NSW. This evaluation aimed to identify the usefulness of the Guide in supporting the assessment and management of children with feeding difficulties. Results will inform future education and support strategies. Method: The evaluation targeted allied health professionals employed by NSW Health. An online questionnaire formed the primary method of data collection. Four semi-structured focus groups also occurred to provide complementary qualitative information. Results: Clinicians from a range of professions and healthcare settings responded to the online questionnaire (N=100) and participated in focus groups (N=15), reflecting the range of allied health professionals who work with children with feeding difficulties. Qualitative and quantitative data obtained identified a number of key themes. The data collected provided a robust overview of how the Guide has been utilised. The main findings relate to five key themes: characteristics of respondents and their teams; use of the Guide; knowledge of content; satisfaction with the Guide; and future directions. Conclusions: The evaluation indicated that the Guide is viewed as a useful tool by allied health professionals working with children with feeding difficulties. Experienced respondents reported that the Guide provided validation for current practice whereas those with less experience indicated it supported their work within this clinically complex realm. Further promotion of the Guide and multi-modal education regarding its use is recommended.