bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendayagunaan Rubrik Pemarkahan Pentaksiran Berterusan Amali Bagi Program Diploma Perakaunan di Kolej Vokasional: Masihkah Relevan?
Authors: Kamaludin Mohd Asnawi , Mohd Matore Mohd Effendi @ Ewan
Published: April 2022

Kertas konsep ini membincangkan penggunaan rubrik pemarkahan amali dalam Pentaksiran Berterusan (PB) amali program Diploma Perakaunan di Kolej Vokasional Malaysia. Penggunaan rubrik pemarkahan digunakan oleh pensyarah untuk mengukur tahap pencapaian dalam pentaksiran berterusan yang dilaksanakan oleh pelajar. Pertimbangan yang adil dan telus oleh pensyarah menjadi sandaran kepada penggunaan rubrik untuk menilai pelajar. Selain itu, rubrik permarkahan juga digunakan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran sebagai panduan pentaksiran kendiri sebelum pentaksiran sebenar oleh pelajar. Kajian lepas banyak membincangkan penggunaan rubrik dalam konteks sebagai alat pengukuran dalam pentaksiran yang subjektif. Implikasi, cabaran dan strategi turut dibincangkan dan dikenal pasti untuk memastikan keberkesanan penggunaannya. Perbincangan kertas konsep ini dapat menggalakkan kajian lanjut bagi terhadap penghasilan rubrik yang lebih mendalam dan holistik dalam pentaksiran dan pembelajaran terutama dalam konteks kursus perakaunan di Kolej Vokasional.
Efektivitas Pengelolaan Zakat di Baznas Kota Bekasi dengan Prinsip Transparansi dan Akuntabilitas
Authors: Riyanto Riyanto , Tesmanto Joni
Published: April 2022

The objectives to be achieved by the authors in this study are to determine the Effectiveness of Zakat Management Management at BAZNAS Bekasi City with the Principles of Transparency and Accountability. Then specifically, this research has goals and uses which are expected to be useful for the community at large and for employees of BAZNAS Bekasi City. This type of research is field research (Field Research). Field research is research with data obtained from direct research on activities in the research field. The data were collected by the researchers directly from the sources, namely the manager of BAZNAS Bekasi City, Muzaki (community) and Munfik. This research was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. BAZNAS Bekasi City has implemented the principle of transparency for its employees, every year a meeting is held to find out what plans will be implemented. BAZNAS Bekasi City has an RKAT (Annual Budget Work Plan) in which this RKAT must be approved by the province. From the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the implementation carried out by BAZNAS Bekasi City is accountable based on predetermined standards that have been planned. In its implementation, Bekasi City BAZNAS does not only work alone, but also cooperates with several parties, such as collaboration with Bulog (Logistics Affairs Agency), Villages, Urban Villages, and Schools to find out data on underprivileged or high achieving students. The management of BAZNAS Bekasi City should always implement policies that are in line with the ideals of zakat management, namely the welfare of the people, namely by prioritizing the allocation for productive zakat schemes. If there is a standard allocation per scheme for the zakat program set by BAZNAS Bekasi City, then there should be optimal monitoring of the realization of distribution so that the target and realization run in harmony.

Keywords: Effectiveness, Zakat, Principle of Transparency, Accountability
Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Melalui Pelatihan Produktivitas Oleh Dinas Tenaga Kerja Mandailing Natal
Authors: Lubis Aldi Fernando , Arif Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Mandailing Natal Panyabungan Manpower Office. The main task of the Manpower Service is as a government agency in the field of manpower in its working area. The functions of the Manpower Office include formulating manpower policies, implementing manpower policies, labor administration, labor supervision, reporting and evaluating the workforce. Related to its duties and functions, the local Manpower Office has several licensing powers such as Permits to Employ Foreign Workers (IMTA), Operational Permits for Employment Service Providers/Labourers, Employment Cards and Permits, Work Permits, to Work Center Institution Permits (BLK). . For information on requirements for obtaining a permit from the Manpower Office, costs (if any) and others, you can ask directly at the office. The public can also contact the telephone contact of the Manpower Office for a quick response, or access the website of the Manpower Office for general information and news related to employment. This research technique involves using a qualitative approach.

Keywords: Department of Manpower, Job Training Center (BLK), Human Resources
The Essence of Knowledge and Edification of Abai in the Study of M. Auezov
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Alipkhan M.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the personality of M. Auezov, who was at the origins of Abai studies, and his ideas regarding the moral postulates of Abai. M. Auezov is the founder of Abay studies as a science. M. Auezov is a scientist who thoroughly studied the life and heritage of Abay using a systematic approach. M. Auezov made a significant contribution to the development of Abay studies as a science. Mukhtar happened to see Abai as a child, being next to his grandfather Auez. When Abai died, Mukhtar was six or seven years old. At the age of nine or ten, Mukhtar already knew by heart almost all of Abai's poems. The first work that came out from the pen of M. Auezov as a writer was the article – “The basis of humanity is a woman” (1917), his next article (1918) was devoted to the life and work of Abay. In the 30s of the twentieth century, M. Auezov prepared and published the complete works of Abai, completed an extensive scientific biography of the poet. The result of a further in-depth description of Abai's biography was the four-volume epic novel “The Way of Abai” (1942–1956). He published the monograph “Abai Kunanbaev”, which comprehensively reflects the life and work of Abai. All this elevated M. Auezov to the heights of a unique Abai scholar, the founder of the science of Abai studies. In the article, the work of M. Auezov is defined as a work that reveals the most important issue in the worldview of Abay – the basis of moral knowledge. The writer comes to the conclusion that the main problem in the work of Abai is the philosophy of morality and morality. The doctrine of the perfect man, which became the property of science on the basis of the research of M. Myrzakhmetov, is a logical continuation of the theory of “Moral Personality”, formulated by M. Auezov. From the thoughts of M. Auezov about the work of Abay, it follows that the theme of morality is a thoughtful teaching, and Abay is a poet who sang morality in the system of other knowledge and teachings.
FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL CULTURE OF AN ENGLISH TEACHER IN PANDEMIC TIME
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, AKESHOVA M. , JALILOVA Sh. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: April 2022

The topic of the pedagogical culture is multifaceted. This is a model of a teacher that requires full personal maturity and spiritual and moral competence of the teacher, showing speech skills and relationships with the child, as well as creative approach to solving pedagogical problems and high results in the field of education and upbringing. This study examines how to solve the problem of forming the pedagogical culture of teachers in the context of a pandemic. The distance learning process has made some changes in the education system. Teaching in a new format required patience and perseverance from teachers. While the formation and development of pedagogical culture is optimal among students and colleagues at school, during the pandemic the teacher is isolated and faced with a new system.And also, topical issues are considred, starting with the methods of conducting teachers` lessons in an online format and ending with the principle of building relationships with students. In supporting students and parents, special attention was paid to making the learning process easier, more accessible and more effective. During the pandemic, seminars and training were held for teachers through various platforms. As well as meeting where the structure and effectiveness of suitable platforms for distance learning were discussed. The main topic of educational organization was the problem of optimizing the education of students, the internal training of teachers and the ethics of communication. A survey of English language teachers were conducted, and the results were discussed.
FATHER, SON AND THE HOLY WATER: THE SACREDNESS OF THE HERO'S INĠTĠATĠON ĠN KÖROĞLU'S NARRATĠONS ON IRANĠAN TURKS
Authors:   Ege University, ÖZDAMAR Fazıl
Published: April 2022

The main hero of the Köroğlu Epic, which is one of the most common epics told in the geography from the Balkans to East Turkistan and accepted as the common value of the Turkish World, is mentioned with the words Köroğlu or Goroğlu, which means "son of a blind person" or "born in a grave". The wise personality of Köroğlu's father, Mehter Alı, plays a role in the initiation of the hero in the "Mehter Alı Epic", in which the emergence of this hero, whose name is Köroğlu in Iranian Turkish narratives. In this article, which examines the signs that are considered sacred in this initiation and how the wisdom of Mehter Alı is constructed in the epic narrative, the signs of the extraordinary gained in the initiation of both the hero and his horse are exemplified in several branches of the Köroğlu Epic compiled in the same country. The initiation of the hero (UrĢan), who will be named Köroğlu in this branch, evolves as Mehter Alı, who is aware of the extraordinary powers that nature has given him, transforms his son UrĢan, who is an ordinary individual, into a hero by using his wisdom. In all stages of the hero's initiation adventure in the narrative, thanks to this wisdom of his father, UrĢan reaches to the sword (mısri sword) produced from the lightning stone, which is considered sacred in Turkish culture, the horses (Kırat and Dorat), which are the complement and most important assistant of the hero, the strategic place where he settled (Çamlıbel), and finally, the holy water (KoĢa Bulak), which he obtained his cry, the hero's most effective weapon and which helps him both in his love and in overcoming his enemy. In this study, we will examine the wisdom of Mehter Alı in the initiation of Köroğlu and the indicators that are effective in turning an individual into a hero.
Abdullah Harmancı’nın hışırtı avcısı adlı eserinde kültür aktarımı
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Şahin , BULUT Funda
Published: April 2022

Temel gayesi çocuğa güzellik algısını kazandırmak, onun estetik zevklerini geliştirmek olan çocuk edebiyatı ürünleri, çocuğa içinde yaşadığı toplumun örf, adet, gelenek, görenek ve değerlerini de bir yandan aktarmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Abdullah Harmancı’nın Hışırtı Avcısı adlı eserindeki kültürel ögeleri tespit etmek, eserde kültür aktarımının nasıl gerçekleştirildiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmış, çalışmanın verileri doküman incelemesi tekniği ile elde edilmiş, elde edilen veriler içerik analizi ile yorumlanmıştır. Abdullah Harmancı’nın, Hışırtı Avcısı adlı eserinde, kültürümüzde çok önemli bir yeri olan masal/hikâye anlatıcılığı karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Geniş aile yapısında çocuk, birkaç nesil öncesinin görgü ve deneyimine sahip bir dede, nine, büyük hala, anneanne vb. bir büyüğünden masallar, hikâyeler dinleme imkânına sahip olmakta, kültür ve değer aktarımı bu şekilde yapılmakta iken günümüzün çekirdek ailelerinde çocuklar bundan mahrum kalmaktadırlar. Hışırtı Avcısı eserinde masal/hikâye anlatıcılığı geleneği, Ramiz amcanın başka bir kılığa girerek, beden dilini, sesini en etkili ve ilgi çekici şekilde kullanarak kendi büyüklerinden dinlediği hikâyeleri çocuklara anlatmasıyla yaşatılır. Görsel ve işitsel ögeleri bir arada kullanarak çocuğun hayal gücünü körelten televizyonun kapatılıp onun yerine hikâyeler anlatan bir kişinin heyecanla dinlenmesi, hem çocuğun hayal dünyasına katkı sunmakta hem de nesilleri birbirine yaklaştırmakta, çocuk ile yetişkin arasındaki ilişkileri güçlendirmektedir. Eserde Ramiz amcanın çocuklarla kurduğu ilişkilerde ve onlara anlattığı hikâyelerde sevgi, empati gibi değerlerin altı çizilmekte, komşuluk, yardımseverlik, paylaşma gibi değerlere de değinilmektedir. Eserde, kültür aktarımının dildeki kelimeler vasıtasıyla da yapıldığı görülmektedir. Bugün çok duyulmayan alet, edevat isimleri, ağaç isimleri, çiçek isimleri, oyun-oyuncak isimleri, meslek adları, deyimler de yine dil vasıtasıyla kültür aktarımına örnek teşkil etmektedir.
Street Tree Inventory in Mexico City
Authors: Chacalo Alicia , Aldama Alejandro , Grabinsky Jaime
Published: April 2022

A representative sample of 1261 sidewalk trees in 240 city blocks was measured and evaluated to describe the condition of trees in Mexico City. The data obtained were species, height, diameter, number of stems, site characteristics, health condition and required treatments. Nine species represent more than 72% of the trees. There are problems due to the planting in inappropriate locations, in the choice of species and in the lack of adequate and sufficient maintenance and planning.
A Short History of Urban Forestry in Europe
Authors: Konijnendijk Cecil
Published: April 2022

In Europe, more attention is being given to the concept of urban forestry. However, it is applied more to forests under a strong urban influence than to urban greenspace at large. Urban forests especially differ from other forests in terms of the dominance of local actors in policy-making processes to determine which functions the forests should fulfill. As large parts of Europe have become urbanized, these forests are extremely important particularly as pressures on nearby recreation settings and on Europe's urban forests are high. In the context of a European study of urban forest policymaking, a tentative overview of urban forestry history is presented. In spite of existing cultural, socio-economic and political differences between countries and cities, some general developments can be described. Over time, more forests have become incorporated and planted in and near urban areas, with a growing number being opened to the public. Urban forest policy-making processes have become more complex, involving a larger number of people. The role of urban forests in the development of forestry practice and science deserves special mention.
Motivations and Task Preferences of Urban Forestry Volunteers
Authors: Still Douglas , Gerhold Henry
Published: April 2022

A study of reasons why people volunteer for urban forestry projects, and of their task preferences, compared the opinions and attitudes of volunteers with those of people in botanical organizations who might be considered likely targets for recruitment. A mail survey used membership lists of two tree volunteer organizations and one botanical garden in New York City, as well as one tree volunteer organization and one arboretum in Philadelphia. Members of the three tree volunteer organizations had completed a training course on tree care or inventory, and may not be representative of volunteers typically involved in single-day projects. Collectively, 1,038 people were sampled and 63% responded. Tree volunteers were predominately white, middle aged, well educated, and financially middle class. Improving one's neighborhood was the main reason for volunteering, followed by desire for education; social interaction was only moderately important. Respondents from all organizations considered tree care to be the most important urban forestry task. Volunteers thought tree care would provide the greatest personal satisfaction compared to other tasks, while potential volunteers thought planting trees would be most satisfying. Education was regarded as a highly important task to gain public support, even more important than tree planting. Respondents were least willing, by a large margin, to engage in fundraising or lobbying politicians. Both volunteers and potential volunteers were willing to perform a wider range of tasks than they have performed already, suggesting strong potential for increased involvement. Tree volunteers expressed a strong desire to increase their level of participation in the planning and decision-making of their projects. Less than half of the volunteers thought they had been recognized for their work in some way, but recognition was mostly viewed as unimportant. Respondents from all organizations felt that their urban forest was in rather poor condition, and that volunteers are needed to improve their city's trees. Four-fifths of potential volunteers have volunteered before in some way, indicating a general willingness for voluntary action by members of botanical organizations. Many current tree volunteers were selfmotivated in seeking volunteer involvement; i.e., they responded to media announcements and volunteered without being personally asked. However, personal contact with potential volunteers is an effective recruitment technique for expanding the pool of volunteers beyond this self-selected group, as well as for increasing diversity.
Urban Forest Resource Management at Hill Air Force Base, Ogden, Utah
Authors: van-C. Adkins Richard , Kuhns Michael , Blahna Dale , Blood Marcus
Published: April 2022

Most military bases can be thought of as good-sized communities, containing all of the important resources that non-military communities contain including urban forests. These military urban forests have similarities and differences with urban forests in non-military communities, and their management is in some ways different. In this paper we describe the urban forest situation at Hill Air Force Base in northern Utah, an example of a military base still in the early stages of urban forest management, but with an improving and expanding urban forestry program. The base, in cooperation with Utah State University's Department of Forest Resources, began an assessment of its program and conducted a complete tree inventory in 1993. Inventory results and a qualitative assessment led to development of a plan with management goals and implementation strategies, which became part of an overall Natural Resources Management Plan for the Base. Besides increasing tree numbers and overall urban forest quality and tree management, the plan calls for increased emphasis on community participation as the key to a successful urban forestry program.
Fraud Feedback Detection using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Om Prakash  , Aditya Kulkarni  , Radhe Shyam Thakur
Published: April 2022

In the era of e-commerce, people often purchase the most of product from online shopping websites, customers rely on the number of reviews and stars of product to choose the right product for them. Fraud companies also pay to fraudsters to increase the rating of product, this tends to mislead the people and people end up with the product that they are not satisfied with. This can be stopped in some extent with the help of machine learning algorithms. The purposed method uses Machine Learning Algorithm like Random Forest, ANN, Support Vector Machine which helps the people to differentiate between fraud feedbacks and original reviews.
Banking System Using Blockchain
Authors: Ahlam Ansari  , Hatim Shabbir Bohra  , Daanish Kathi  , Ghufran Khan
Published: April 2022

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology which aids in recording transaction and tracking capital in any business network. The main feature of blockchain is transparency. Our project is going to help these banks because we will be implementing blockchain ledger for creating a banking system in Linux. Blockchain will boost trust, security, translucence, and the traceability of data shared across a banking system and will be cost saving with new efficiencies. Because it provides rapid, shareable, and entirely clear information recorded on an immutable ledger that can only be viewed by authorised network users, blockchain is the ideal option for distributing data. This network can locate orders, capital, users, creations, and much more, and because participants share only one view of transparency, you can see all the details of a capital transaction from beginning to end, providing you with a greater sense of trust as well as new efficiencies and opportunities. Banking systems are transferring from their older methods to more recent ledger methods. Banking sector has started experimenting with blockchain ledger by copying current asset transactions on the blockchain. This enables the banking sector to have some space for the effectiveness of the blockchain solution. In infrastructure terms, Blockchain is software that is open source designed to support the transfer of digital capital among market participants in real time. Using any chosen blockchain APIs, one may exhibit big decrease in asset transfer costs and timelines. Today's banks are developing and operating their business models with the help of a trusted third-party service provider. As a result, Blockchain technology will be able to reconstruct the banking model since it can handle transaction records via a peer-to-peer network between trading partners without the need for a trusted third party.
Review Research Paper on Automatic Stamping Machine Using PLC
Authors: Mr. Nayan J. Tongale  , Mr. Nihal D. Kamble  , Mr. Swapnil A. Joshi  , Mr. Swapnil A. Joshi  , Prof. Ashish S. Bhaisare
Published: April 2022

This paper represents the literature review research paper on Automatic stamping machine using PLC module. The conventional method for object stamping is manual, it is very time consuming and in non-automatic form. Continuous stamping or printing results in hand fatigue requires lots of efforts and also affects the accuracy to result so the manual method must be replaced by PLC Automation. Automatic stamping of object has received significant attention because automatic stamping is reliable and reproducible. This not only reduce manual effort but also gives more time for marketing also prevent danger which might occur when human being works in hazardous environment. Automation greatly improves the profit and productivity, it is very scalable.
Silvering and coppering of chemically inert textile materials by means of wet-chemical process
Authors: Onggar T.
Published: April 2022

The development of the wet-chemical silvering and coppering method on inert fiber surfaces and a number of usable materials (silver, copper and others) allows fabrication of several textile structures with functional characteristics. In order to analyse the silver and copper coating characteristics such as structure, homogeneity and crack formation, the surface morphology (SM) was investigated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chemical structuring of the surfaces (amount of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, silicium, copper and silver) is analysed with an energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Phase formation and crystalline properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with a Cu-Kα radiation reflection geometry source. Furthermore, textile-chemical analyses for the wash fastness were carried out as well.
Flaxseed oil as a component for producing spreads of functional direction
Authors: Baigenzhinov K. A. , Baikenov A. O. , Muslimov N. Zh. , Yessimova Zh. A.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the physicochemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of unrefined flaxseed oil produced in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The possibility of using this oil as a basis for obtaining a vegetable-creamy spread for functional purposes is considered. Flaxseed oil as a valuable source of linolenic acid is widely used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. From the research results was revealed that the ratio of ω-6 and ω-3 in unrefined flaxseed oil is 1: 3. However, for the use of flaxseed oil rich in ω-3 as a basis for the production of spreads of a functional orientation, it becomes possible only in a composition with another vegetable oil rich in ω-6, in order to achieve a balance of fatty acid balance.
Development of technology for combined feeds for broilers using byproducts of oil crops
Authors: Zhiyenbayeva S. T. , Yermukanova A. M.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of analyzes of the chemical, amino acid, mineral, vitamin composition of flax cake of the Kazakh variety «Kostanayskiy 11». A recipe for a complete feed for broilers with the introduction of flaxseed cake and a premix based on vermiculite filler has been developed. The optimal rates for the in troduction of flaxseed oil into the recipe for a complete feed for broilers aged 29-56 days have been determined. The proposed recipes for mixed feed for broilers using flaxseed cake of the Kazakh variety «Kostanaysky 11» and a premix based on vermiculite filler in feeding poultry will make it possible to balance the rations not only in protein and mineral composition, but also partially replace expensive soybean meal, thereby reducing the cost of compound feed.
Research of safe methods of production of canned vegetables using grain crops
Authors: Sengirbekova L. K. , Syzdykova L. S.
Published: April 2022

This article presents microbiological study of canned vegetable snacks replaced with various cereals.Currently both abroad and in our country, regulatory documents and recommendations on ensuring quality and safety of foodsare actively developed. The quality reduction and food spoilage may be related to biochemical (fermentative) processes inherent to products themselves. As another important factor, influencing on this can be microbiological contaminants.Miroorganisms constantly contaminates on surface of technological equipments, vegetables raw material and as a result they end up in canned food. Canned vegetable snacks are ready meals, made from vegetables processedin various ways, that can be usedcold and heated. The main purpose is studying microbiological indicators of canned vegetable snacks. According to the results of the study, some types of microorganisms were found in the samples.
Improving the quality of meat and canned products by production technology
Authors: Baybolova L. K. , Khaimuldinova A. K. , Asirzhanova Zh. B.
Published: April 2022

This article provides an overview of qualification testing programs, inter-laboratory comparative tests and qualification testing in testing laboratories that analyze the safety of canned meat products. Organoleptic, physico-chemical, safety and microbiological studies were conducted, comparing Semipalatinsk canned meat products with other samples. According to the results of the study, the company's products turned out to be positive. It is proved that the main task is to produce high-quality products in order to meet the requirements of consumers. At the enterprise for the production of canned meat, measures were envisaged to ensure high-quality and safe products in accordance with the requirements of standards. The regulatory and technical requirements used by the enterprise in the production of canned meat were analyzed. In the market economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the development of individual entrepreneurship should be at a stable level in the food industry.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic Cast Iron in Chloride-Containing Waters
Authors: Francis Roger , Byrne Glenn
Published: April 2022

Austenitic cast iron has been used for many years for pump cases, column pipes, and valves in seawater systems, particularly in the Middle East. Since the 1970s, failures have occurred by stress corrosion cracking, and there have been a number of research efforts to understand the problem and suggest means of preventing it. Cracking failures have continued and further research has been undertaken to try and understand the problem more thoroughly. This paper reviews the data from the early research, and presents the results of previously unpublished work, and its implications for the further use of austenitic cast iron in seawater and alternative alloys.
The relative effectiveness of cervical spine manipulation and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (Ibuprofen) in the treatment of episodic tension-type headaches
Authors:   , Legoete Kgosietsile
Published: April 2022

The 1 year overall prevalence of Episodic Tension-Type Headache (ETTH) is 38.3%; with lifetime prevalence at 46% for TTH. Little literature exists to support the effectiveness of spinal manipulation in the treatment of ETTH. Therefore aim of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness of cervical spine manipulation and a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (Ibuprofen®) in the treatment of ETTH. Method: This study was a prospective randomised clinical trial with two intervention groups (N=32, n1=16 and n2=16). The allocation of participants to the two groups was completed by means of simple randomization. Group one were treated using cervical spine manipulation. Group two were treated using Ibuprofen. Subjective measurements included the Numerical Rating Scale 101 Questionnaire (NRS-101), Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), CMCC Neck Disability Index (CMCC) and Headache Diary. A p value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The subjective measurements of the NRS-101, SF-MPQ and CMCC showed a significant time effect in both treatment groups. Several of the subjective Headaches Diary outcomes followed this trend with significant time effect in both groups. There was a significant treatment effect for the NRS-101. Several subject outcomes from the Headache Diary showed a significant treatment effect in favour of manipulation, namely frequency and duration of headaches. Conclusion: The findings in this study have shown that cervical spine manipulation is more effective than Ibuprofen® for the treatment of ETTH in terms of several subjective outcomes namely: pain intensity (NRS-101), and the frequency and the duration of headache per day.
An epidemiological investigation of neck pain in the white population in the greater Durban area
Authors:   , Slabbert Warren Neville
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for neck pain in the white population in the greater Durban area. The rational for this study was that there have been few epidemiological studies done on neck pain and even less when concerning different population groups. Discrepancies between population groups have been found in various pain related studies. The present epidemiological study eliminated any possible variables between population groups by studying only the white population in a specific geographical area (Durban). Therefore, physicians treating people with neck pain should use the risk factors that were established in this and other studies and integrate them in their treatment protocol. The study was conducted at three shopping centres around Durban that were randomly selected. Each shopping centre was grouped by the socio-economic status of the surrounding suburbs. There were 900 participants surveyed at three shopping centres by means of a questionnaire. The data were then statistically analysed using SPSS version 15. It was found that the overall prevalence of neck pain was 45%. The participants in this study that had neck pain were more likely to be females that were married or previously married, had a job that caused their heads to turn or to work with their arms above their heads. Lifestyle factors included one or a combination of the following: lead a stressful lifestyle, were emotional, had perceived bad posture, had previously experienced neck or head trauma, slept in awkward positions, watched television, required glasses and did not play squash.
An investigation into performance related musculoskeletal disorders of professional orchestral string musicians in South Africa
Authors:   , Hohls Quinton Rolf
Published: April 2022

Background: Professional orchestral string musicians are exposed to many physical and psychological stressors due to demands placed on them from playing their instruments. The prevalence of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMD’s) in this highly skilled group of individuals has been investigated internationally, consistently showing a high injury rate. There is however, a paucity of literature documenting the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in South African professional orchestral string players. It is hypothesized that South African trained orchestral string musicians may be at a greater risk for PRMD development due to the unique training and performance environments encountered in this country. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the demographic and injury profile; prevalence rate of current injury and risk factors for musculoskeletal injury in South African professional orchestral string musicians. Method: The study utilized a self administered quantitative questionnaire distributed to all string players in the three professional orchestras in South African in a semi-supervised fashion. SPSS version 15.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used to analyze the data. A p value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. iv v Results: There were 27 respondents, with the average participant being a Caucasian, right handed, non-smoking female, 37.11 years of age, 1.5631 meters tall, with a weight of 62.96 kilograms (BMI = 25.768) who exercised regularly (primarily in the gym). A bachelors degree in Music was the most commonly awarded qualification, obtained between the years 2000 and 2009, from a University outside of the Republic of South Africa. The prevalence of PRMD’s in the sample was 63% (n = 17), with a 95% confidence interval of 42.4% to 80.6%.In this study there was a high rate of injury (6.53 PRMD’s per player over a 12 month period), equating to 111 reported injuries in a population of 27 string players. The upper back (defined as the area between the shoulder blades) was the most commonly injured part of the body (77.8%, n = 21), followed by the upper extremity, mainly the shoulder (70.4%, n = 19). No statistically significant relationships were found in determining and confirming expected risk factors in the string players. Conclusion: Professional orchestral string musicians in South Africa suffer from a high rate of injury which is comparable to international studies of the same nature
Preparation of feed products based on soy-grain compositions
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Varaksin Sergej , Markin Dmitrij
Published: April 2022

The problem of saturation of feed rations of agricultural animals with vegetable protein is an important task. In order to obtain feed products that are balanced in terms of all nutrients, soybeans and products of its processing are considered as a source of vegetable protein. The analysis of technological processes of wet fractionation of green mass to obtain a protein concentrate with further mechanical separation of the crushed mass into liquid and fibrous fractions (pulp) was carried out. It is proposed to compensate for the lack of minerals and vitamins by adding grain compositions. The parameters and modes of such basic processes as soaking seeds, extracting protein and other substances, separating the suspension into liquid and solid fractions, separating the liquid fraction from the insoluble soybean-grain residue, coagulating protein substances in the liquid phase, separating the coagulate, forming and drying the resulting granules are substantiated. . In order to achieve this goal, a method has been developed and the parameters of equipment have been substantiated that ensure the preparation of high-quality feed products in the form of a whole milk substitute, paste and granulate based on soybean-grain compositions. Keywords: PROTEIN, SOYBEAN-GRAIN COMPOSITIONS, EXTRACTION, PARAMETERS, GRINDING-EXTRACTION UNIT
Sequential Inverse Heat Conduction Problem in OpenFOAM
Authors: Bohacek Jan , Kominek Jan , Vakhrushev Alexander , Karimi-Sibaki Ebrahim , Lee Taewoo
Published: April 2022

The solution of the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) is commonly found with the sequential algorithm known as the function specification method with explicit updating formulas and sensitivity coefficients of heat flux. This paper presents a different approach namely a direct mathematical optimization of minimizing the least squares norm between experimental data and simulation. A CFD open-source code OpenFOAM is used together with NLOPT and DLIB optimization libraries. To guarantee credibility of the simulation tool developed herein, real experimental data is used from spray cooling of a fast-moving hot steel plate. As the IHCP is inherently an ill-posed problem, the proposed sequential algorithm is stabilized using future time stepping and thereof the optimal number is explained. An assumption about the profile of thermal boundary condition during future steps must be made. It is shown that assuming a linear change of the heat transfer coefficient during each sequence of future time steps yields more accurate results than setting a constant value. For the problem size considered with less than 10k cells, the preconditioned conjugate gradient (FDIC) linear solver converges faster than the multigrid solver (GAMG). However, the latter performs better as the accuracy is concerned. Concerning the best choice of minimizer, the BOBYQA algorithm (quadratic approximation) is found superior to other methods. The proposed IHCP solver is compared with the well-established one.
Open-Source CFD Analysis of Nasal Flows
Authors: Balatinec Luka , Uroić Tessa , Jasak Hrvoje
Published: April 2022

The complex anatomical structure of the nose and the internal soft tissue, which forms the nasal cavity, make it extremely difficult to generalise and understand the exact mechanism of nasal breathing. Deeper insight into phenomena associated with nasal flows may prove vital for better understanding of various conditions that affect breathing and may help in the selection of appropriate medical treatments. More recently, as studying the transmission of airborne particles and the effect of filtration devices became of pronounced importance, having the ability to visualise nasal flows and perform numerical analyses may prove to be an invaluable resource.This paper presents a detailed overview of a procedure developed for analysis of nasal flows. Every step of the procedure, from creating the computational model to airflow simulation, is based on freely available and open-source tools, thus providing a widely available framework for investigation of nasal flows. The framework consists of extracting a computational model from computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, model refinement and numerical simulations performed using OpenFOAM - an open-source toolbox for computational fluid dynamics simulations. Finally, the framework is used on real medical data (CT scans) of the nasal cavity, the resulting simulations are analysed and the relevant data is discussed.
Insulin oedema in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case report
Authors: Md Aris Mohd Aznan , Tan Kui Foung , Said Abdul Hadi
Published: April 2022

Insulin oedema is a rare condition that may occur after the initiation or rapid intensification of insulin therapy in patients with long-standing hyperglycaemia, commonly with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). We reported a case of insulin oedema in a patient with type 2 DM who presented with swelling of the extremities and weight gain of 3 kg 1 week after insulin initiation. A course of furosemide was administered, but no significant immediate improvement was observed; however, the lower limb swelling resolved spontaneously after 3 months of follow-up. The patient also achieved adequate diabetic control with insulin, as shown by the reduction of her HbA1c from 10.7% to 6.9% over 6 months. Insulin oedema is a diagnosis of exclusion after ruling out other differential diagnoses, such as cardiac, renal, or liver failure. Although insulin oedema carries with it a good prognosis, physicians should be aware of the condition to avoid misdiagnosis.
Assessing the performance of various fire weather indices for wildfire occurrence in Northern Switzerland
Authors: Steinfeld Daniel , Peter Adrian , Martius Olivia , Brönnimann Stefan
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Fire weather indices are widely used to understand and assess meteorological fire hazard. However, in complex regions such as Switzerland with mountainous and hilly terrain, it is difficult to select an appropriate index. In this study, we validate the performance of 14 fire weather indices, four meteorological variables, and a logistic regression model to predict wildfire occurrence for different ecoregions in the canton of Bern in Northern Switzerland with respect to historical fire records from 1981 to 2020. We find that the performance of the indices varies seasonally and regionally. The spring season (March–May) shows that the Canadian Fine Fuel Moisture Content and other indices that respond readily to weather changes perform best. In summer (June–August) and autumn (September–November), the Canadian Buildup Index and Drought Code – indices that describe persistent hot and dry conditions – perform best. Overall, seasonal differences in performance are larger than inter-regional differences. Finally, we show that a logistic regression model trained on local historical fire activity can outperform existing fire weather indices and can be used for medium-range weather forecasting or climate change studies, using only daily averages of meteorological variables as input.
Extreme weather and societal impacts in the eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Hochman Assaf , Marra Francesco , Messori Gabriele , Pinto Joaquim G. , Raveh-Rubin Shira , Yosef Yizhak , Zittis Georgios
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Gaining a holistic understanding of extreme weather, from its physical
drivers to its impacts on society and ecosystems, is key to supporting
future risk reduction and preparedness measures. Here, we provide an
overview of the state of the art, knowledge gaps and key open questions in
the study of extreme weather events over the vulnerable eastern
Mediterranean. This region is situated in a transition zone between
subtropical and mid-latitude climates. The large-scale atmospheric
circulation and its interaction with regional synoptic systems (i.e., Cyprus
Lows, Red Sea Troughs, Persian Troughs, “Sharav” Lows) and high-pressure
systems mainly govern extreme weather. Complex orographic features further
play an important role in the generation of extreme weather. Most extreme
weather events, including heavy precipitation, cold spells, floods and
windstorms, are associated with Cyprus Lows or active Red Sea Troughs,
whereas heat waves are related with either Persian Troughs and sub-tropical
high-pressure systems in summer or the Sharav Low during springtime. In future decades, heat waves and droughts are projected to significantly increase in both frequency
and intensity. Changes in heavy precipitation may vary in sign and magnitude depending on the scale,
severity and region of interest. There are still relatively large
uncertainties concerning the physical understanding and the projected
changes of cold spells, windstorms and compound extremes, as these types of
events received comparatively little attention in the literature. We further
identify knowledge gaps that relate to the societal impacts of extreme
weather. These gaps mainly relate to the effects extreme weather may have on
mortality, morbidity and infrastructure in the eastern Mediterranean.
Research is currently limited in this context, and we recommend strengthening the
database of analyzed case studies. We trust that this can only be suitably
accomplished by inter-disciplinary and international regional
collaboration (in spite of political unrest).
Edebiyatta Alkol ve Madde Kullanımının Fenomenolojik Betimlemeleri
Authors: Aksoy Dilek
Published: April 2022

Amaç: İnsan deneyimlerinin edebi olarak ifade edildiği anlatılarda insanlık tarihi kadar uzun bir geçmişi olan alkol ve madde kullanımı yazarların yapıtlarında kaleme aldığı ilgi çekici deneyimlerden biri olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı alkol ve madde deneyiminin dolaylı olarak sunulduğu söz konusu metinlerde yer alan fenomenolojik betimlemelerin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Araştırmada öncelikle alkol ve madde kullanımının edebiyattaki görünümleri, fenomenolojik betimlemenin ne demek olduğu ve edebi anlatıların fenomenolojik bakışta nasıl konumlanabileceği hakkında çalışmanın hedefine göre çerçevelenmiş literatür bilgisi sunulmuştur. Sonrasında fenomenolojik olarak değerlendirmek üzere De Quincey’in Bir Afyon Tiryakisinin İtirafları, Baudelaire’in Şarabın Şiiri Esrarın Şiiri, London’ın Bir Alkoliğin Anıları, Svevo’nun Cömert Şarap, Bulgakov’un Morfin, Simmel’in Acı Yudum ve Benjamin’in Esrar Üzerine adlı yapıtlarından alıntılar yapılmıştır. Alkol ve madde kullanımının edebi yapıtlardaki tezahürlerine dikkat çekmek amacıyla incelenen fenomenolojik betimlemelerden Colaizzi’nin fenomenolojik analiz stratejisine göre temalar oluşturulmuş; bu temaları içeren betimlemeler de maddelerin türüne göre viski, şarap, esrar, afyon, morfin ve kokain alt başlıklarında kategorize edilerek tartışılmıştır.
Bulgular: Fenomenolojik betimlemelerin analizi sonucunda edebi yapıtlarda alkol ve madde kullanımıyla ilgili ortaya çıkan temalar alkol/madde kullanım nedenleri, alkol/madde etkisindeki deneyimler, alkole/maddeye atfedilen anlamlar ve alkol/madde kullanımını sonlandırma isteği olmuştur.
Sonuç: Adsız Alkolikler toplantılarındaki katılımcıların anlatım tarzında olan bu ifadelere Husserl’in fenomenolojik yaklaşımıyla bakmamız, alkol ve madde kullanımına ve bağımlılığa dair hali hazırda olan düşüncelerimizi bir yana bırakıp bu deneyimin deneyimleyen özneye nasıl göründüğünü anlamamızda işlevsel bir yaklaşım sunması düşünülmüştür.
Vaka Danışmanlığının Sentetik Kannabinoid Bağımlılarının Remisyon Süreleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Yusufoğlu Yusuf , Bilici Rabia , Arca Muhammed
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada madde bağımlılığı tedavisinde, vaka danışmanlığı hizmeti alan hastalar ile bu hizmeti almadan takibi yapılan Sentetik Kannabinoid kullanım bozukluğu olan hastaların remisyon sürelerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, 2018 yılında Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Vaka danışmanları tarafından takip edilen 43, takip edilmeyen 37olmak üzere toplam80 Sentetik Kannabinoid kullanım bozukluğu olan hasta ile çalışma yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya alınan hastalar düzenli görüşmelere çağrılarak 3 ay boyunca takip edilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında literatür doğrultusunda yapılandırılmış Hasta İlk Görüşme Formu ve Hasta Takip Formu kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastaların %60’ının ilköğretim mezunu, %73,8’inin bekâr, %57,5’inin çalışmadığı ve %93,8’inin de ailesiyle yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadaki tüm hastaların %60’ının erken remisyon ölçütlerini karşıladığı, %40’ının ise depreşme yaşadığı saptanmıştır. Vaka danışmanlarının hizmet verdiği hastaların %76,7’sinin remisyonda kaldığı, %23,3’ünün depreşme yaşadığı saptanmıştır. Vaka danışmanlarının hizmet vermediği hastaların ise %40,5’inin remisyonda kaldığı, %59,5’inin depreşme yaşadığı görülmüştür. Vaka danışmanları tarafından takip edilen hastaların, takip edilmeyen hastalara kıyasla remisyonda kalma oranlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir artış olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Vaka danışmanları tarafından takip edilen hastaların, takip edilmeyen hastalara göre daha yüksek oranda remisyonda kaldıkları görülmüştür. Madde bağımlılığı tedavisinde vaka danışmanı olan hastaların, remisyon sürelerinin daha uzun olması; bu tür programların tedavi ve rehabilitasyonda kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.