bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produção e decomposição de serapilheira em áreas de reflorestamento e floresta nativa no sul do Amazonas
Authors: Bello Ozias Cunha , Cunha José Maurício , Campos Milton César Costa , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Santos Luís Antônio Coutrim , Martins Thalita Silva , Brito Filho Elilson Gomes de
Published: December 2022

A diversidade de espécies florestais é uma característica intrínseca do bioma Amazônico, sendo a serapilheira a principal responsável pela maior parcela dos nutrientes devolvidos ao solo. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a produção anual de serapilheira e determinar a velocidade de decomposição ao longo de um ano, comparando os resultados nos diferentes ambientes de estudo. O estudo foi desenvolvido no município de Humaitá-AM. Para a avaliação da produção de serapilheira, foram instalados de modo aleatório dez coletores cônicos em área de Floresta Nativa, área de Reflorestamento com Teca (Tectona grandis L), área de Reflorestamento com Jenipapo (Genipa americana L.) e ambiente de Reflorestamento considerado Misto, composto pelas espécies Mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King.), Andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.), Jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), Teca (Tectona grandis L.) e Sumauma (Ceiba pentandra). Cada amostra de serapilheira foi colocada, separadamente, em sacos de papel devidamente identificados e levadas para laboratório e secas em estufa de circulação de ar forçado a 65 °C. A estimativa da taxa de decomposição da serapilheira foi feita pela análise de perda de massa utilizando-se litter bags. A produção de serapilheira média anual foi de 8,03 Mg ha-1 ano-1 para o ambiente de floresta nativa, e não houve diferença significativa para as demais áreas de estudo. Entre as frações da serapilheira, a que mais contribuiu foi a foliar, atingindo maior média percentual no ano de 72,1% para o ambiente de reflorestamento com teca (Tectona grandis L.). A decomposição da serapilheira ocorreu de forma mais acelerada (0,0025 g g-1dia) no ambiente de reflorestamento com jenipapo (Genipa americana L.), sendo necessários 277,26 dias para que fosse decomposta metade do material foliar.
Crescimento de clones de Hevea brasiliensis sob doses crescentes de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio
Authors: Silva Eduardo Vinicius da , Sousa Ana Carolina Oliveira , Diniz Anderson Ribeiro , Pereira Marcos Gervásio , Silva Oclizio Medeiros das Chagas
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento inicial dos clones RRIM 600 e PR 255 de Hevea brasiliensis, em relação a doses crescentes de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio. Para cada clone, foi instalado um experimento em delineamento em blocos casualizados. As doses de nitrogênio (40, 80 e 160 g planta-1 de N), fósforo (50, 100 e 200 g planta-1 de P2O5) e potássio (40, 80 e 160 g planta-1 de K2O) foram combinadas de forma fatorial e distribuídas em três blocos, totalizando 28 tratamentos, incluindo controle (00-00-00). As mudas foram transplantadas em vasos de 18 litros, preenchidos com horizonte A de um Planossolo Háplico de textura arenosa. Os fertilizantes foram pesados, misturados, diluídos na água de irrigação e aplicados em um sulco circular feito ao redor das plantas. As variáveis analisadas foram altura média relativa (Hr), diâmetro médio relativo do colo (DCr) e matéria seca total das plantas (MST). Ambos os clones responderam quanto ao crescimento inicial das variáveis analisadas. Porém, o clone RRIM 600 foi mais responsivo e exigente quanto à fertilidade, principalmente em relação à aplicação de fósforo. Em contrapartida, para ambos os clones, aumentando-se a quantidade de nutrientes, observou-se um efeito negativo nos valores das variáveis, principalmente quando combinadas as maiores doses de N, P e K (tratamento 160-200-160). A quantidade de nutrientes presentes no tratamento 40-100-40 foi a mais indicada como adubação de plantio tanto para o clone RRIM 600, quanto para o PR 255.
Interception and surface runoff in different regeneration stages of Atlantic Forest, southern Brazil
Authors: Nicoletti Adilson Luiz , Refosco Julio Cesar , Pinheiro Adilson
Published: December 2022

In natural regeneration, vegetation goes through different stages over time, each of them with different conditions to drain the precipitated water to the soil surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate interception loss, throughfall, stemflow and surface runoff in early and advanced stages regeneration at evergreen rainforest subtype sites within the Atlantic Forest, located in the Serra do Itajaí National Park, in southern Brazil. Rainfall was sampled by three rain gauges and throughfall was measured using "U" type gutters. The stemflow was measured in 24 trees per stage (i.e., 48 trees in total). The interception loss was calculated as the difference between rainfall and the sum of the throughfall plus stemflow. The surface runoff was evaluated using metal rails. Vegetation in the initial stage is a composition of 7 species with a basal area of 5.01 m².ha-1 and advanced stage site consists of 28 species with a basal area of 34.7 m².ha-1. Throughfall records were 81.7% in the initial and 74.1% in the advanced regeneration stages. The stemflows registered were 5.93% in the initial stage and 0.54% in the advanced stage while the interception losses were respectively 13.2% and 25.8%. Surface runoffs observations were 11.1% in the initial stage and 10.7% in the advanced stage. Statistically significant differences were found between the regeneration stages for the stemflow and for the interception loss parameters. The study showed that, for some hydrological processes, the behavior of the precipitated water differs for the stage of vegetation regeneration. The regeneration stage does not influence the surface runoff, demonstrating that after a few years of vegetation regeneration, this hydrological process is equivalent to vegetation in an advanced stage.
Simulação da produção por sortimento de madeira em povoamentos de Tectona grandis L. na região norte do estado do Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Paulo Gomes de , Oliveira Filho Paulo Costa de , Guimarães Fabiane Aparecida Retslaff , Figueiredo Filho Afonso , Oliveira Edilson Batista de
Published: December 2022

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com objetivo de disponibilizar equações para estimar o volume, sortimentos (funções de afilamento) e a construção de curvas de sítio, buscando realizar a prognose do crescimento e da produção de um povoamento de Teca localizado no município de Alta Floresta, região Norte do estado de Mato Grosso, utilizando um simulador de crescimento e produção florestal denominado SisTeca. Foram utilizadas 154 parcelas permanentes, cujas remedições totalizaram 909 observações, contemplando as idades 2 a 14 anos, além da cubagem de 139 árvores pelo método de Smalian. Foram ajustados o modelo de Schumacher-Hall para estimar os volumes individuais, a função de afilamento de quinto grau para estimar sortimentos e o modelo de Schumacher para a construção de curvas de sítio. Ao final foram realizadas projeções com o SisTeca usando as equações originais (default) e inserindo no SisTeca as equações de volume, afilamento e sítio desenvolvidas nesta pesquisa. As equações de volume, afilamento e sítio ajustadas para povoamentos de Teca na região de Alta Floresta, estado de Mato Grosso, apresentaram bons resultados de ajuste e precisão e são ferramentas importantes para o manejo da Teca, seja para estimar estoques correntes, seja para inserção em sistemas de crescimento e produção como o SisTeca. O simulador da EMBRAPA para a Teca quando munido com as equações dendrométricas desenvolvidas na pesquisa gerou melhores prognoses, comparativamente aos valores observados oriundos das parcelas disponíveis para a espécie na região de Alta Floresta, estado de Mato Grosso. Dessa forma, ressalta-se a necessidade de aquisição de dados mais representativos para a espécie, tanto em termos de idades como de sítio, no sentido de desenvolver sistemas de crescimento e produção robustos e/ou ferramentas dendrométricas mais eficientes visando calibrar o SisTeca.
Propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. plantada no Brasil
Authors: Modes Karina Soares , Corrêa Camila Alves , Vivian Magnos Alan , Dobner Júnior Mario
Published: December 2022

A Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. é descrita na literatura como uma espécie com boa forma de fuste e rápido crescimento, sendo uma alternativa potencial para implantação de novos povoamentos florestais no Brasil. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira de C. lanceolata em crescimento no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil, a fim de delinear o seu potencial aos 24 anos como fonte de matéria-prima para a produção de madeira serrada de pequenas dimensões e finalidade estrutural. Foi realizado o abate de três árvores para a determinação da massa específica básica e aparente (12%, 0% e da madeira verde), bem como da estabilidade dimensional e propriedades mecânicas em flexão estática, cisalhamento e compressão paralela à grã. A madeira de C. lanceolata apresentou densidade básica classificada como leve e inferior à registrada para indivíduos da mesma espécie em crescimento na China. Já os parâmetros relacionados à estabilidade dimensional da madeira foram similares. De maneira geral, a espécie plantada no Brasil apresentou resistência e rigidez ao ensaio de flexão estática inferior e resistência à compressão e ao cisalhamento paralelo superior à apresentada pela mesma espécie de plantios na China. As diferenças observadas em relação aos estudos utilizados para comparação com a mesma espécie podem ser atribuídas, além do local de cultivo, as maiores densidades de plantios utilizados nos povoamentos implantados no país de origem.
Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in a savanna areas of the Environmental Protection Area Alter do Chão, Santarém, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Valente Danúbia Marcela Pereira , Teston José Augusto
Published: December 2022

The richness and abundance of representatives of Arctiini (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) was studied considering 88 representative points of savanna in the Alter do Chão Environmental Protection Area (APA), in the municipality of Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Moths were sampled monthly from December 2014 to December 2016 (except May 2015), with a light trap, Pennsylvania model, during a new moon night from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. the following day. Abundance (N), richness (S) and diversity index (H’), Shannon uniformity (J’) index and Berger-Parker (BP) dominance were analyzed. Wealth estimators “Chao” (1st and 2nd order), “Jackknife” (1st and 2nd order) and “Bootstrap” were also used. A total of 1,375 specimens (N) belonging to 122 species (S) were captured. Idalusmulticolor (Rothschild, 1909) and Pheialateralis Klages, 1906 appear as new records for the Brazilian Amazon. The values for the analyzed parameters were H’= 3.25, J’= 0.67 and BP = 0.33. The estimators and “Bootstrap” (140) and “Jackknife 2nd order” (180) measured that between 14% and 33% of species can still be found, respectively, as shown by the species accumulation curve. The results of this study indicate changes in the faunal composition with an equivalent distribution of species between the Ctenuchina and Phaegopterina subtribes, quite different from anthropized and forested areas that present a predominance of Phaegopterina. In this way, the conservation of savanna fragments present in the APA Alter do Chão contributes to the maintenance of the local fauna and expands the knowledge of Arctiini in the Amazon.
Cultura do empresário de si: a Educação Empresarial e a nova governamentalidade
Authors: Manfré Ademir Henrique
Published: December 2022

O presente ensaio aborda o tema “cultura do empresário de si”, que penetrou no debate educacional brasileiro nos últimos anos. Justificada por um conjunto de princípios provenientes do mercado neoliberal, essa cultura transfere os dispositivos empresariais, tais como a produtividade, a competitividade e o desempenho, para o âmbito pedagógico, subordinando os professores e estudantes a uma nova governamentalidade. Assim, temos como objetivo geral, pôr em discussão o papel desempenhado pela racionalidade pedagógica empreendedora no direcionamento das formas de governo de si e dos outros. Para se chegar à uma conclusão, partimos dos seguintes questionamentos: por qual motivo inserir a cultura do empresário de si nas escolas? Essa cultura é suficiente para dirimir as desigualdades sociais conforme sugerido por seus defensores? O que temos feito de nós mesmos sob as formas de controle da vida? Logo, baseamo-nos no pressuposto de que a cultura do empresário de si traduz-se naquilo que Foucault chamou de “governamentalidade”. Assim, a crítica foucaultiana à sociedade neoliberal, emerge como um referencial teórico capaz de desenvolver, em bases diferentes, as concepções neoliberais, dentre as quais se insere a educação escolar na atualidade.
Jornada Acadêmica Integrada pela perspectiva documental – um patrimônio traduzido em livro
Authors: Pilla Arion Helder , Pedrazzi Fernanda Kieling
Published: December 2022

Este estudo apresenta e propõe uma análise dos procedimentos que culminaram na produção do livro Jornada Acadêmica Integrada da UFSM – Registro Histórico Documental. A Jornada Acadêmica Integrada da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) é um evento realizado desde 1984 na cidade de Santa Maria - RS, onde está localizada a sede da instituição sexagenária, que foi a primeira universidade sediada no interior de um estado brasileiro, em 1960. O livro foi produzido como produto de Dissertação de Mestrado Profissional em Patrimônio Cultural, considerando os preceitos da teoria arquivística ao buscar a recuperação das informações, sua reunião e organização para, assim, realizar uma difusão do acervo documental em suporte físico e digital. Os aspectos metodológicos que permitiram a elaboração do produto e os resultados encontrados na pesquisa realizada, assim como a análise do acervo documental, serão apresentados neste artigo.
Corrosion Fatigue of Cast Propeller Alloys
Authors: Jaske Carl E. , Utah David A. , Boyd Walter K.
Published: December 2022

The paper presents an outline of a new theoretical method for the calculation of the off-design performance characteristics of ducted propellers. The model for the duct performance calculation is an advanced non-linear model based on surface vorticity distribution techniques. The propeller model is a combination of principles postulated by momentum, blade-element and lifting line with lifting surface corrections theories of propeller action.

Results are presented of the application of the theory to the prediction of the performance analysis of a ducted propeller at two different coefficient of advance values. The results are compared with other theoretical and open water and tunnel experimental results for the propeller considered and the agreement found validates the concepts of the theory developed.
Full Scale Experience Relating to the Propeller and Its Environment
Authors: Carlton J. S. , Banlham I.
Published: December 2022

The modern ship is generally the subject of a number of calculations and studies in an attempt to establish both its performance and vibration characteristics prior to the commencement of construction. However, these calculations depend for their accuracy and interpretation on information gained from full scale measurement and correlation exercises on previous ships.

It is therefore, the aim of this paper to present some of the full scale experience and conclusions relating to propeller problems which has been gained from the many investigations undertaken by Lloyd's Register of Shipping. Among the subjects discussed are the influence of the hull after-body on the wake and its consequent effects on propeller induced excitation of the hull and shafting systems, propeller cavitation and full-scale experience in the use of highly skewed propellers as a means of reducing propeller excitation. Comments are also made on service experience with flow correcting devices.

The problems discussed are not peculiar to any one class of ship but have been found to manifest themselves across a broad spectrum of ship types. It is upon this experience that the comments in the paper are based.
Model Tests on Hydrodynamics of Propeller Blade Vibrations
Authors: Hylarides S.
Published: December 2022

By means of a specially designed propeller drive, steady vibrations of the propeller hub were generated, at constant advance speed and shaft rotation. By changing the frequency, resonance with blade vibrations could be realized. These tests have been performed for a non- rotating propeller in air and in water. Also, for the propeller operating in a homogeneous flow such a test has been performed.

By measuring the blade response, information of the resonance frequency and information about added mass of water and hydrodynamic damping is obtained. It is shown, that, although the damping is clearly present , still an appreciable magnification of the blade vibrations at resonance will occur.

Whereas close to or at resonance operation for large diameter, wide blade or highly skewed propellers is possible, these results have to be seriously accounted for when designing such propellers.
Summary of Propeller and Tailshaft Interface Considerations
Authors: Rothamel Richard
Published: December 2022

Considerations for the design, installation, survey and repair of propellers and tailshafts are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on stress concentrations and other factors which cause in service problems. The recognition of the more common problems, and methods of repair are discussed.

A method for calculating the stress in a typical tailshaft is included as an appendix. This calculation is based on the fatigue analysis method.
Keanekaragaman dan aktivitas serangga pengunjung pada bunga wortel
Authors: Tarigan Rasiska , Barus Susilawati , Hutabarat Rina C. , Sembiring Perdinanta , Parhusip Dorkas , Udiarto Bagus Kukuh , Aryani Dewi Sartika
Published: December 2022

Serangga penyerbuk merupakan serangga yang berperan sebagai agens menempelnya serbuk sari ke putik sehingga terjadinya penyerbukan yang dapat menghasilkan biji. Tanaman wortel diperbanyak melalui biji sehingga diperlukan biji berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan aktivitas serangga penyerbuk pada bunga wortel di kebun Instalasi Penelitian dan Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (IP2TP) Berastagi. Pengamatan keanekaragaman penyerbuk menggunakan metode scan sampling, sedangkan pengamatan perilaku kunjungan penyerbuk menggunakan metode focal sampling. Serangga pengunjung bunga wortel dikoleksi dan diawetkan secara basah di dalam larutan etanol 70% untuk kemudian dilakukan identifikasi serangga penyerbuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 spesies serangga yang mengunjungi bunga wortel, yaitu Amegilla sp., Polyrachis sp., Coccinella sp., Rhagonycha sp., Musca sp., Chrysomya sp., Nephrotoma sp., dan Tabanus sp. Persentase spesies serangga tertinggi mengunjungi bunga wortel, yaitu Amegilla sp. (21,6 ± 10,06)%, sedangkan terendah, yaitu Polyrachis sp. (12,6 ± 4,12)%. Aktivitas serangga pengunjung tersingkat ditemukan pada Amegilla sp. (11,84 ± 1,46 detik/bunga) dengan jumlah bunga dikunjungi (5,06 ± 1,46 bunga/menit), sedangkan kunjungan terlama ditemukan pada Polyrachis sp. (49,24 ± 3,89 detik/bunga) dengan jumlah bunga dikunjungi (1,21 ± 3,90 bunga/menit). Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian ini kategori tingkat keanekaragaman serangga polinator pada tanaman wortel di Karo termasuk kategori sedang (H' = 1,89).
Participación ciudadana en sistemas de economía circular de residuos textiles: una primera aproximación
Authors: Grillo-Méndez Ana , Marzo-Navarro Mercedes , Pedraja-Iglesias Marta
Published: December 2022

Los problemas medioambientales están provocando el paso de modelos económico lineales a circulares. En la industria textil, el desarrollo experimentado a partir de la gestión fast fashion, ha provocado un incremento de sus residuos. Los consumidores y consumidoras perciben la ropa como desechable, por lo que abandonan su uso debido a cambios en sus gustos y no por su deterioro. Esto está generando un problema medioambiental al acabar la mayoría de estos residuos en el vertedero. Una solución sería la participación en sistemas de economía circular en los que los residuos son considerados un recurso. Para que el sistema funcione es vital la participación de los consumidores/as a través de la recuperación, reutilización y reciclado de los residuos. El análisis del comportamiento de los ciudadanos y ciudadanas realizado pone de manifiesto la existencia de una alta concienciación con el reciclado de todo tipo de residuos, incluidos los textiles. Este reciclado se realiza fundamentalmente a través de la participación en los programas de recogida selectiva autorizados oficialmente y de la donación de ropa a la familia y amigos. Alternativas como su venta o canje por descuentos es poco utilizada. Los individuos que llevan a cabo estos comportamientos difieren según sus características sociodemográficas. Se detecta la confusión existente entre los conceptos de reutilización y reciclado, lo que hace que muchos residuos textiles acaben en el vertedero. Emergen dos grupos de ciudadanos y ciudadanas, atendiendo a sus opiniones sobre el destino de los residuos textiles, que se caracterizan por edad, ingresos y ocupación.
¿Influye una mayor transparencia en la mejor gestión de los recursos públicos? El ejemplo de los ayuntamientos españoles
Authors: Ríos Ana María , Guillamon María Dolores , Egea-Martínez José Miguel , Benito Bernardino
Published: December 2022

La crisis financiera iniciada en 2008 y la aparición de numerosos escándalos relacionados con la gestión de los fondos públicos, han convertido la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas en cuestiones fundamentales en el estudio de todo aquello que es catalogado como “público”. Ello ha ocurrido con la esperanza de que la transparencia mejorase la información que ofrecen las entida-des públicas y sirviese como una barrera a las maniobras políticas fraudulentas, para las que se utilizan, entre otras herramientas, los presupuestos públicos. Por ello, esta investigación tiene como principal propósito comprobar si estas crecientes exigencias en materia de transparencia presupuestaria se han traducido finalmente en mejoras de la gestión pública. Así, a partir de datos obtenidos de los cien municipios españoles de mayor población para el periodo 2008-2017, se ha podido comprobar que una mayor transparencia conduce en general a una mejor gestión financiera por parte de los ayuntamientos. Sin embargo, se ha obtenido que en algunos casos el calado de las medidas adoptadas en materia de transparencia ha sido insuficiente o al menos no tan profundo como cabía esperar. Finalmente, puede concluirse que la transparencia presupuestaria es una herramienta adecuada para conseguirlo que se pretende de ella, pero necesita de complementos de carácter procedimental y, sobre todo, de recursos humanos, que la hagan funcionar de la mejor manera posible para cumplir con su cometido.
Dzelzceļa pārmijas termālā stāvokļa multi sensoru vadības sistēmu izveides principi un to izpēte
Authors: Muhitovs Ruslans
Published: December 2022

Promocijas darbā dzelzceļa pārvadājumu procesa energoefektivitātes un drošības jautājumi iekļauj pārmiju pārvedu attīrīšanas sistēmas no sniega un ledus. Pārmiju attīrīšanas process ir ļoti atkarīgs no dažādiem ārējiem faktoriem – temperatūras, nokrišņu intensitātes u. c. Turklāt iepriekš minētie mainīgie un to kombinācijas ir nejauši pēc būtības, kas nopietni apgrūtina efektīvas pārmiju apsildes sistēmas uzbūvi. Promocijas darbā definēta pārmiju elektriskās apsildes multisensoru vadības sistēma ar faziloģikas integrāciju, kas dod iespēju loģiski apstrādāt nestriktus ieejas parametrus, un sistēmu var integrēt automātiskā vadības sistēmā.
Principles of Development of Multi-sensor Control Systems for the Thermal State of Railway Point and their Research
Authors: Muhitovs Ruslans
Published: December 2022

The Thesis is a research on the issues of energy efficiency and safety of the railway transportation process by studying the snow and ice cleaning systems of the turnouts. The point cleaning process is highly dependent on various external factors: temperature, intensity of precipitation, and others. In addition, the aforementioned variables and their combinations are random in nature, which seriously complicates the construction of an efficient turnout heating system. In the Thesis, a multi-sensor control system for alternating electric heating with fuzzy logic integration is defined, which enables logical processing of non-strict input parameters and the system to be integrated into an automatic control system.
Eternidade do instante: gifs, loopings, imagem técnica atemporal
Authors: Gonçalves Wayner Tristão
Published: December 2022

Quais são os dispositivos atuais de representação e suas linguagens, como transformam nossa percepção? Questões como essas são discutidas neste livro que aborda a aceleração e a repetição como marcas dos dias atuais. A obra destaca o gif como forma de representação dessa aceleração/repetição em constante looping, sobretudo no mundo virtual.
Symbiotic association of microalgae and plants in a deep water culture system
Authors: Özer Uyar Gülsüm Ebru , Mısmıl Nurdan
Published: December 2022

In this study, microalgae culture (Chlorella vulgaris) and mint seedlings (Mentha spp.) were combined in a hydroponic system to improve plant growth. Mint seedlings were grown both in microalgae-containing and in microalgae-free trial groups, and both groups were subjected to aerated and non-aerated conditions to show the effect of aeration and microalgae co-cultivation on the mint weight and height. The plant quality was also determined with color measurements of the mint leaves. The increase in the weight of the plants was the highest in microalgae-containing and aerated group (0.47 g) and the lowest in microalgae-free and non-aerated group (0.22 g). On the other hand, the variation in the plant height was not significant between the groups, the growth was lateral. The best quality mint leaves were also produced in microalgae-containing and aerated group. Our results have revealed the symbiotic life of the mint plant placed in the hydroponic system with microalgae and demonstrated improved mint growth and quality. This co-cultivation system is also potentially more environmentally friendly compared to growing microalgae and mint independently because of lower cost of aeration and mixing for microalgae cultivation, higher nutrient consumption efficiency, and reduced nutrient outflow.
Early versus Delayed Initiation of Oral Feeds among Mothers after Caesarean Delivery: A Comparative Study
Authors: Saxena Rajiv Kumar , Indrani Chaitanya , Roshini P , Maji Aritra
Published: December 2022

Introduction: It is a common practice to keep a patient ‘nil’ per oral, till the return of bowel sounds, after any laparotomy. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) society, now recommends evidenced-based guidelines for postoperative early oral feeding after an uncomplicated Caesarean Delivery (CD), as opposed to the delayed (conventional) initiation of oral feeds. Aim: To compare the effects of early feeding versus delayed oral feeding in women undergoing CD. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, from November 2020 to October 2021. Total of 148 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancy undergoing CD, under spinal anaesthesia, were allocated into two groups. Early Feeding group (n=70) (EF) where feeding was started within 2-8 hours of surgery and Delayed feeding group (n=78) (DF) where feeding was started between 18-24 hours of CD. The outcome measures were maternal satisfaction, and the effect on gastrointestinal function (return of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and stool), mobilisation of patient and complications in postoperative period. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were used as appropriate, and p-value <0.05 was determined to be statistically significant. Results: The mean age of women in DF was 24.79±4.37 years and in EF group was 25.09±3.86 years. Overall, the maternal satisfaction was high in both the groups; DF (80%) and in EF (98.57%). There was an early return of bowel sounds in EF group 4.71±1.83 hours versus 13.72±3.08 hours in DF group. Participants in EF group recorded. early passage of flatus (9.89±3.00 hours versus 13.72±3.08 hours), and early ambulation (9.57±1.62 versus 14.95±3.9 hours) when compared to DF group participants. Conclusion: The ERAS strategy is a safe and effective approach for postoperative care for women undergoing caesarean delivery and results in overall high patient satisfaction.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder as a Rare Manifestation of Wilson’s Disease
Authors: Roy Ishani , Sanyal Debasish
Published: December 2022

Wilson’s disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism that causes an impairment of cellular copper transport. An individual’s inability to excrete excess copper in bile leads to accumulation of copper in organs like the brain, liver and cornea. It can manifest with symptoms of hepatic impairment and liver failure. It can also present with neurological symptoms like rigidity, gait disturbances, dystonia, dysarthria and chorea. Frequently certain psychiatric manifestations have been reported like mood changes, personality changes, cognitive impairment, phobias, psychosis, anxiety, impulsive and compulsive behaviours . It’s rare for a Wilsons Disease patient to present with only Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). In the present case report, a 15-yearold male presented in the Outpatient Department with complaints of repetitive intrusive thoughts that he was unable to voluntarily control and compulsions of washing and preoccupation with checking and symmetrical organising with a deteriorating scholastic performance. The only positive findings were Kayser-Fleischer rings, low serum ceruloplasmin and mild cerebellar atrophy. The patient started showing symptomatic improvement with pharmacological treatment comprising of zinc, D-penicillamine, and fluoxetine and diet modification.
Cardiovascular and Thrombotic Complications after Covid-19 Vaccination
Authors: Georgios Aidonidis T.
Published: December 2022

The “Type of Article” of this paper is “Letter to the Editor”. This paper discuses about: “Cardiovascular and Thrombotic Complications after Covid-19 Vaccination

”. No formal abstract is available. Readers are requested to read the full article.
An Economic Analysis of Rainfed Paddy: A Study in Shivamogga District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Khanum Ruqsar , Siddayya . , Banu Arjuman
Published: December 2022

Rice is the most important human food crop in the world, directly feeding more people than any other crop. Tunga Bhadra Project (TBP) command area is called as Rice bowl of Karnataka. The study was conducted in the Shivamogga district of Karnataka, India during 2020-21 mainly for economic analysis of the cost and returns of rainfed paddy. A purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of the study area, Two taluks (Shikaripura and Soraba) of Shivamogga district were selected and from each taluk, two villages (Chikkajambur, Herejumbur, Andige and Ulavi) were selected and from each village 15 farmers were selected who were rainfed paddy growers. Thus the total sample constitutes 60 respondents. The analytical tools and techniques employed for assessing the objectives of the study are measures of central tendency and standard of cost and returns. The total cost of rainfed paddy cultivation was Rs. 26,330.65 fixed costs accounted for 19.02 per cent (Rs. 5,007.20) of the total cost and overall variable cost accounted for 79.92 per cent (Rs. 21,043.45) of the total cost of cultivation. Grain yields realized 15.23 quintals per acre and gross returns comprised of returns from both main-product (grain) and by-product returns (straw) is Rs. 34,689.78. Rainfed paddy gave a net return of Rs. 8,359.13 and returns over variable cost were Rs. 13,367.33. Returns per rupee of expenditure were 1.32. The study recommended that rainfed paddy cultivation required less cost cultivation which helps the farmer to earn a better income.
Impacts of Climate Change on Water Stress in West Africa: Case Study of the N’zi (Bandama) Watershed in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouassi Amani Michel , Gnangouin Asaph Yahot Joël , Konan Gbangbo Remis , Nassa Relwindé Abdoul-Karim
Published: December 2022

The increased pressures on water resources linked to climate and societal changes are recognized as global challenges. The objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of climate change on the water stress of populations in the N'zi (Bandama) watershed in Ivory Coast. The data used (flows, populations, etc.) cover the period 1991-2020. An approach based on the comparison of water resources (standard normalization index, linear regression method, frequency analysis, flow rate index, etc.) and demands through the water needs satisfaction rate index, was applied at interannual and monthly scales. This approach has made it possible to identify the major trends in water stress in Dimbokro populations. It appears that on an interannual scale, the N'zi watershed is in a situation of water stress. The seasonal scale analysis shows that the city of Dimbokro experiences six months (December to May) of water stress. In the future horizons, the water stress of the city of Dimbokro could intensify.
Influence of Thermal Regimes and Irrigation Schedules on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties
Authors: Lanjhewar Aakanksha , Agrawal K. K. , Bhan Manish , Patel Kiran
Published: December 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during the rabi season of 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, to study the Influence of thermal regimes and irrigation schedules on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with three thermal regimes (3rd December, 18th December and 2nd January), four irrigation schedules (IW: CPE=1.0, IW: CPE= 0.9, IW: CPE= 0.8 and IW: CPE=0.7) and two varieties (Lok 1 and MP 3336) with three replications. Sowing time with proper application of irrigation and varieties significantly influenced yield attributes and ultimately yield of the wheat. Higher grain yield (4,735 kg ha-1) was observed under crop sown on 3rd December thermal regimes with IW: CPE=1.0, irrigation schedule and variety MP 3336 over rest of the treatments. It may be due to the maximum number of effective tillers (484.2 m-2), length of earhead (8.70 cm), no. of grains earhead-1 (45.5) and harvest index (41.91%) as compare to other treatment combinations. Significant lowest grain yield was noted under 2nd January thermal regimes with IW: CPE= 0.7, irrigation schedule and variety Lok 1. Wheat sown under 3rd December thermal regime with irrigation schedule (IW: CPE= 1.0) and variety MP 3336 produced significantly more yield attributes and yield.
Epidemiology of Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Rural Communities of Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Chinedu Aneke Christian , Maureen Chukwueze Chidimma , Onyinye Enebe Nympha , Tochukwu Enebe Joseph , Gabriel A. Ezeah
Published: December 2022

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the infection of any part of the urinary tract, and about 150 million people worldwide develop UTI each year. Its is caused by bacteria, though fungi and viruses are etiologic agents, and can occur in community and hospital settings. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiology of pathogens causing urinary tract infections in Rural Communities of Enugu State, Nigeria. A total of 735 clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected and tested for bacteriuria from February, 2021 to June, 2021. The participants were assessed clinically to ascertain eligibility for participation, and urine samples were assessed microbiologically to isolate pathogens causing UTI. Pathogens isolated were identified morphologically, and biochemically, and results were tabulated, with respect to participants demographics. Total number of participants that participated in urine culture was 735, of this number, 172(23.40%) were males, whereas 563(76.60) were females. 510(69.39%) were married whereas 225(30.61%) were single. Total number of bacterial isolates obtained was 649 (88.30%).  Of this, Escherichia coli was the most prevalent, 316 (48.7%), followed by Staphylococci, 154 (27.7%). The least represented isolate was Pseudomonas, 2 (0.3%). Of the total number of isolates obtained, 151(23.27%) came from males, whereas 498 (76.73%) were from females. Total number of married participants with positive bacteriuria was 449 (69.18%), and those of them that were single constituted 198(30.51%). Age range of 31-40 gave the highest level of bacteriuria 151 (23.27%), followed by age range of 21-30, 146 (22.50%). The least representation of bacteriuria was seen among age group 10-20, 39(6.01%). The prevalent of UTI in this study was high, and females, youths, and married people showed a positive correlation with community acquired urinary tract infection. Intermittent screening of rural dwellers for positive bacteriuria, with emphasis paid on clinical symptoms and proper treatment will go a long way in tackling the menace of urinary tract infection in our rural communities.
Comparative Analysis of the Microbial Content of Some Drinking Water Sources in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Agi V. N. , Ollor A. O. , Azike C. A. , Ifeakandu N. C.
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The short falls in the distribution of treated pipe borne water leads to resort to alternative sources of drinking water. Comparative analysis of sachet, bottle and tap water supply sources in Port Harcourt Metropolis Rivers State, Nigeria, was conducted by applying culture dependent methods in order to examine their qualities.

Methodology: Ten (10) samples comprising 4 bottle water samples from Rumuodara (zone B), Elekahia (zone C), Orogbum (zone G), and Mgbuoba (zone I), 4 sachet water samples from Rumukurushi (zone A), Borokiri (zone M), Rumuepirikom (zone J), Mgbuoshimiri (zone K), and 2 tap water samples from Rivers State University hostels NDDC and C were analyzed using standard analytical techniques.

Results: Twenty-seven (27) bacterial isolates identified in 5 of the 10 water samples were 12 (45%) Escherichia coli, 8 (30%) Streptococcus species, 4 (15%) Klebsiella species and 3 (10%) Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Total Plate Count on sachet water samples ranged from 0.1 to 1.2 cfu/ml while that of the tap water was 2.0 to 2.9 cfu/ml. In sachet water, Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 cfu/ml, where as 1.2 cfu/ml colonies was recorded for Streptococcus species. In tap water Escherichia coli ranged from 0.3 cfu/ml to 1.8 cfu/ml, whereas 0.4 to 0.8 cfu/ml was recorded for Streptococcus species and Klebsiella species respectively.There was no bacteria growth in the bottle water.

Conclusion: The findings show that the drinking water sources did not meet the approved acceptable limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water though there was no growth of indicator organisms in the samples and no difference in the physicochemical variables. It is recommended that sachet and tap water supply in Port Harcourt Metropolis be properly treated before human consumption and other domestic purposes.
A Discourse Historical Analysis of Identity Construction in Becoming (2018) by Michelle Obama
Authors: Savhira Melenia , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: December 2022

Research on identity through written narrative has been popular in the linguistics field over the decades. In this paper, a famous memoir written by Michelle Robinson Obama, Becoming (2018), is examined to analyze the construction of identities. This memoir is chosen because of the strong personal narrative and inspiring story which recounts the struggle of the African American woman against discrimination in the United States. This paper focuses on Becoming Us, which is examined through the Discourse-Historical Analysis (DHA) by Ruth Wodak. This approach offers several discursive strategies, some of which are referential/nomination and predication that are applied to analyze the linguistic features which provide positive, negative, and neutral representations of the social actor. All of these representations contribute to construct Michelle Obama’s cultural and racial identities. The novelty of this research lies in a more linguistic approach and historical context as the endeavors to examine the identities.
A Study on the Classification of Military Airplanes in Neighboring Countries Using Deep Learning and Various Data Augmentation Techniques
Authors: Lee Chanwoo , Hwang Hajun , Kwon Hyeok , Baik Seungryeong , Kim Wooju
Published: December 2022

The analysis of foreign aircraft appearing suddenly in air defense identification zones requires a lot of cost and time. This study aims to develop a pre-trained model that can identify neighboring military aircraft based on aircraft photographs available on the web and present a model that can determine which aircraft corresponds to based on aerial photographs taken by allies. The advantages of this model are to reduce the cost and time required for model classification by proposing a pre-trained model and to improve the performance of the classifier by data augmentation of edge-detected images, cropping, flipping and so on.
Cardiovascular Corner—Researchers Probe Factors That May Contribute to Cardiovascular Health Disparities
Authors: Suran Melissa
Published: December 2022

This Medical News article highlights recently published research about disparities in cardiovascular health.
Nannochloropsis oculata supplementation improves growth, immune response, intestinal integrity, and disease resistance of Nile Tilapia
Authors: Salem Mona Abd El-Khalek , Adawy Rawia Saad , Zaki Viola Hassan , Zahran Eman
Published: December 2022

Objective

The current study evaluated the potential roles of incorporating Nannochloropsis oculata into the diet of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in an 8-week trial.

Methods

Dietary supplementation of N. oculata was tested at inclusion levels (0% [control], 5% [N5], and 10% [N1]) in triplicate. After the trial, comprehensive fish health indicators were evaluated.

Result

N. oculata-supplemented feed had a stimulatory effect on fish body weight, where a significant increase in final weight and specific growth rate was observed in the N10 group compared to the control. Better feed conversion was observed at N5 and N10 compared to control. Organosomatic indices were elevated significantly in the N5 group compared to the N10 and control groups. Serum lysozyme activity was significantly increased in the N10 group compared to N5 and control groups. Levels of IgM were significantly higher in N10 compared to the control and N5 groups, with no significance between the latter. Amylase activity showed a significant enhancement in N10 compared to N5. Both levels of N. oculata preserved hepatic health and antioxidant status. Light and transmission electron microscopy showed that Nile Tilapia fed N. oculata at both levels enhanced intestinal immunity, integrity, and absorptive efficiency. The protecting effect of N. oculata was confirmed against Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, where cumulative mortalities were significantly decreased in N5 and N10 groups compared with the control and more in N10.

Conclusion

This work confirmed the different beneficial roles of N. oculata dietary supplementation for a Nile Tilapia balanced diet.
Reducing PTV margins for prostate SBRT with motion compensation and gating techniques
Authors: Goddard Lee , Jeong Kyoungkeun , Tang Justin , Garg Madhur , Tomé Wolfgang A.
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dosimetric accuracy of prostate SBRT when motion is considered. To account for target movement, motion compensation and gating techniques were investigated with PTV margins reduced to 2 mm. To allow for dosimetric measurements a Delta4 phantom, Gafchromic film, and Hexamotion motion platform were utilized. Four motion files were utilized that represent a range of motions. Analysis of measured prostate motions for fifteen patients was performed to ensure detected motions were similar to those previously reported and motion files utilized were suitable. Five patient plans were utilized to allow for the effects of MLC and target motion interplay to be investigated. For both motion compensation and gating techniques, plans were delivered to the stationary phantom and for each of four motion types with/without compensation/gating enabled. Using a 3%, 2 mm and 80% threshold gamma criteria, film measurements had an average pass rate of 80.5% for uncorrected deliveries versus 96.0% for motion compensated deliveries. For gated techniques average pass rates increased from 89.9% for uncorrected to 94.8% with gating enabled. Measurements with the Delta4 arrays were analyzed with a 3%, 2 mm and 10% threshold dose. An average pass rate of 83.8% was measured for uncorrected motions versus 94.8% with motion compensation. For the gated technique an average pass rate of 87.2% was found for uncorrected motions versus 96.9% with gating enabled. These results show that very high gamma pass rates are achievable when motion compensation or gating techniques are applied. When target motion is not accounted for shifts up to 5 mm in planned versus delivered isodose distributions were found. However, when motion compensation, or gated techniques were applied, much smaller differences between planned and delivered isodose distributions were found. With these techniques dose delivery accuracy is greatly improved, allowing for PTV margins to be reduced.
Design of Stimuli‐Responsive Peptides and Proteins
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Guangze , Gerstweiler Lukas , Thang San H. , Zhao Chun‐Xia
Published: December 2022

Stimuli‐responsive peptides and proteins are an exciting class of smart biomaterials for various applications and have received significant attention over the past decades. A wide variety of stimuli such as temperature, pH, ions, enzymes, magnetic field, redox, etc., are explored. This article provides a review of five intensively studied types of stimuli‐responsive peptides and proteins, their design principles and applications, including temperature‐, pH‐, light‐, metal ion‐, and enzyme‐responsive with an emphasis on the key design concepts and switch function. Moreover, typical examples of their applications are discussed to provide a better understanding of the design concept and underlying methodology. This review will facilitate and inspire future innovation toward new peptide‐ and protein‐based materials and their diverse applications.