bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular docking study of sappan wood extract to inhibit PBP2A enzyme on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Authors: Gondokesumo Marisca Evalina , Kurniawan Ihsan Mulyadi
Published: January 2020

Background

PBP2a is a type of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that cause resistivity in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from β-lactam antibiotics. MRSA susceptible with cefttobiprole (fifth generation of cephalosporin as an anti-MRSA agent) which inhibits PBP2a and stops its growth. Contrary to its efficacy, ceftobiprole causes taste disturbance more than any other cephalosporins; furthermore, its mechanism is unknown. This study aims to explore an in silico study of a natural compound, which serves as a potential alternative to overcome MRSA with minimum adverse side effects.

Methods

A molecular docking study was performed using Molegro Virtual Docker version 5.5. Brazilin and proto-sappanins A–E are phytochemical compounds contained in sappan wood extract and are docked into the binding site of PBP2a (Protein Data Bank: ID 4DKI).

Results

Brazilin and proto-sappanins A–E have some interaction with Ser 403 amino acid residue which is an important interaction to inhibit PBP2a protein. The result of the molecular docking study showed that the MolDock score of proto-sappanins D and E is lower than that of methicillin but higher than that of its native ligand (ceftobiprole).

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that proto-sappanins D and E have an excellent potential activity as an alternative to ceftobiprole in limiting MRSA growth through PBP2A enzyme inhibition.
Novel associations of serum adropin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein versus lipid profiles in childhood obesity
Authors: Yuan Xin , Chen Ruimin , Ouyang Qian , Lin Xiangquan , Ai Zhuanzhuan , Zhang Ying , Yang Xiaohong
Published: January 2020

Background

The relationship between cytokines and lipid metabolism has garnered attention given their potential metabolic interaction. However, the relationship between adropin and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and obesity-related inflammation has not been reported, as well as their relationship with serum lipid profiles.

Objective

This study analyzed the association of serum adropin, leptin, LBP levels and lipid profiles in obese children ranging from 5 to 14 years old.

Methods

Plasma lipid measurements included total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) by standard methods, and serum adropin, leptin and LBP levels was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results

One hundred and twenty-four children (9.25 ± 1.59 years) with obesity and 42 controls (8.81 ± 1.94 years) were assessed. Compared with the control group, the serum adropin concentrations in the obesity group were significantly lower, whereas the serum leptin and LBP levels were significantly higher. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that serum adropin levels negatively correlated with TG, waist to hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI), and positively correlated with HDL-c. Serum LBP levels positively correlated with LDL-c and WHR. After adjusting for LBP, the correlation coefficients of adropin with TG, HDL-c and leptin were more robust. Also, after adjusting for serum LBP, the correlation coefficient of leptin with TG was attenuated, yet remained statistically significant, and the correlation coefficient of leptin with HDL-c was enhanced.

Conclusions

Children with obesity have decreased serum adropin levels and elevated leptin and LBP levels. Each of the three serum cytokines were associated with lipid metabolism, and this association warrants further study.
The crystal structure of 2-aminoisophthalic acid, C8H7NO4
Authors: Cai Bin , Zhu Meng-En , Meng Yu-Ning , Li Kun
Published: January 2020

C8H7NO4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 4.9752(11) Å, b = 14.167(3) Å, c = 10.999(2) Å, β = 99.066(5)°, V = 765.6(3) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0571, wRref(F2) = 0.1630, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-hydroxynaphtho[2,3-b]benzofuran-6,11-dione, C16H8O4
Authors: Luo Peng , Chittiboyina Amar G. , Pan Wei-Gao , Wei Wan-Xing
Published: January 2020

C16H8O4, monoclinic, Pc (no. 7), a = 3.7133(1) Å, b = 9.7214(4) (2) Å, c = 15.5765(6) Å, β = 96.121(2)°, V = 559.08(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0506, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1274, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[tetra-(μ4-naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylato-κ4
O:O,O′: O′′:O′′,O′′′)-(μ4-oxo-κ4
O:O:O:O) penta-lead(II)], C48H24O17Pb5
Authors: Zhou Fang-Xia
Published: January 2020

C48H24O17Pb5, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 23.8455(6) Å, b = 9.4617(2) Å, c = 21.0940(5) Å, β = 115.730(1)°, V = 4287.33(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0290, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0580, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of 3,10-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-6,12-dibenzyl-2,9-acetyl-6,12-diazapentacyclo[6.3.1.02,7.04,11.05,9]-dodecane, C40H36Cl2N2O2
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Zhang Danyang , Zhuang Pengyu , Zhang Yao , Xu Jiale
Published: January 2020

C40H36Cl2N2O2, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 10.6137(2) Å, b = 20.1559(4) Å, c = 31.4991(5) Å, V = 6738.6(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0471, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1242, T = 128 K.
The influence of mold temperature on thermoset in-mold forming
Authors: Deringer Tim , Drummer Dietmar
Published: January 2020

A new process, called thermoset in-mold forming, for combining thermoset master forming and thermoset forming in one mold is in development. A pre-impregnated continuous-fiber reinforced sheet based on epoxy (prepreg) is formed in the injection molding machine, followed by instantaneous overmolding of a short-fiber reinforced epoxy compound in one step. Compared with conventional processes in which thermoset injection molding, prepreg compression molding, and hence curing of the materials are separated, the new process allows for the combination in one step and simultaneous curing of both components. The result is a hybrid component, which features a continuous-fiber reinforced part for higher mechanical performance and a short-fiber reinforced part with high design freedom for integration of additional functions. For a successful combination of both materials in one process, it is essential to investigate the bond strength between them in relation to the processing parameters and their influence on the degree of cure. This paper analyzes the influence of the mold temperature in this process on curing degree, bond strength, and the processing viscosity.
Arbitrage-free interpolation of call option prices
Authors: Bender Christian , Thiel Matthias
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we introduce a new interpolation method for call option prices and implied volatilities with respect to the strike, which first generates, for fixed maturity, an implied volatility curve that is smooth and free of static arbitrage.
Our interpolation method is based on a distortion of the call price function of an arbitrage-free financial “reference” model of one’s choice.
It reproduces the call prices of the reference model if the market data is compatible with the model.
Given a set of call prices for different strikes and maturities, we can construct a call price surface by using this one-dimensional interpolation method on every input maturity and interpolating the generated curves in the maturity dimension.
We obtain the algorithm of
N. Kahalé [An arbitrage-free interpolation of volatilities,
Risk 17 2004, 5, 102–106]
as a special case, when applying the Black–Scholes model as reference model.
Die 10 Modellannahmen der Computertomographie
Authors: Herold Frank
Published: January 2020

Die industrielle Computertomographie mittels Röntgenstrahlen (CT) wird oft als Referenz in der zerstörungsfreien Materialprüfung herangezogen wegen ihrer realitätsnahen dreidimensionalen Abbildungseigenschaften eines Prüfkörpers. Immer öfter wird die CT für Aufgaben der dimensionellen Meßtechnik herangezogen. Daher ist es wichtig zu hinterfragen, bis zu welchem Grad das Vertrauen in diese Technik gerechtfertigt ist.

In diesem Artikel werde ich 10 relevante Modellannahmen einführen und diese mit den für CT typischen Abbildungsartefakten in Verbindung bringen. Diese Artefakte beeinflußen die Genauigkeit der Abbildung und somit auch die davon abgeleiteten Meßgrößen sowie die bestmögliche Detailauflösung im Sinne einer Strukturauflösung.

Abschließend führe ich in den Stand der aktuellen Normung ein, um zu zeigen inwieweit es heute möglich ist, CT-Systeme vergleichend zu charakterisieren und somit auf die Eignung für eine spezielle Applikation rückschließen zu können.
Using an artificial neural network to evaluate the hull condition of naval vessels
Authors: Thiel Christian , Neumann Kevin , Broecheler Claas , Ludwar Frank , Rennings Andreas , Doose Jens , Erni Daniel
Published: January 2020

The evaluation of the hull condition of naval vessels is a crucial part for corrosion protection systems due to the direct linkage between the electrochemical process at the hull/water interface leading to corrosion and the overall coating of the hull to prevent the corrosion process. In the case of the latter, the condition is unknown while the vessel is on a mission and either has to be evaluated by divers (in open water) or on dry docks which is a time consuming process, respectively. In our work, we present a methodology to localize coating damages without the need of divers or dry docks using an artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the information provided by the onboard impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) system to predict said damages in a specific sector of a generic ship model. Using only the ICCP currents as highly aggregated input variables for the ANN, approximately 86 % of randomly sized and positioned coating damages are correctly predicted.
Elektrische Kapazitätstomografie mit phantomabhängiger Adaptivität
Authors: Kandlbinder-Paret Christoph , Fischerauer Alice , Fischerauer Gerhard
Published: January 2020

In der elektrischen Kapazitätstomografie (ECT) verbessert sich die Auflösung der rekonstruierten Permittivitätsverteilung mit der Elektrodenanzahl, wohingegen die Anzahl der Kapazitätsmessungen und die Messzeit steigt und das Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis sinkt. Um einen Kompromiss zwischen Elektrodenanzahl und Auflösung zu finden, haben wir ein phantomabhängiges Adaptionsverfahren untersucht, in dem grobe Messungen mit verbundenen Einzelelektroden, die quasi synthetische größere Elektroden darstellen, durchgeführt werden. Das Verfahren wurde anhand eines Kunststoffzylinders im Erfassungsbereich im Inneren eines Rohres getestet. Wir vergleichen die rekonstruierten Ergebnisse basierend auf den Kapazitäten zwischen sechs synthetischen Elektroden und zwölf elementaren Elektroden sowie mit dem Adaptionsverfahren, das sowohl die Kapazitäten zwischen den sechs synthetischen Elektroden als auch zwischen einigen der elementaren Kapazitäten auswertet. Die Permittivitätsverteilung wird mit dem projizierten Landweber-Algorithmus einerseits aus berechneten Kapazitäten (Simulation mit der Finite-Elemente-Methode, FEM) und andererseits aus gemessenen Kapazitäten rekonstruiert. Die Kapazitäten werden dabei für jeweils zwei Fälle bestimmt. Im ersten Fall werden die Elektroden, die gerade nicht Teil der betrachteten Kapazität sind, geerdet, im zweiten Fall sind sie potentialfrei. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass im Erdungsfall die Rekonstruktionsergebnisse der gemessenen Kapazitäten mit dem Adaptionsverfahren sogar verbessert werden können. Im potentialfreien Fall und bei den Simulationen konnte das Phantom nur mit einer Verschlechterung der Auflösung dargestellt werden.
Group-subgroup schemes for MoNi4, Nb4N5, KxFe2−ySe2, Nd10Au3As8O10and CsInCl3:i5 superstructures ofI 4/mallowing atom, charge or vacancy ordering
Authors: Seidel Stefan , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: January 2020

Isomorphicsymmetry reductions are a special class ofklassengleichesymmetry reductions where the subgroup has the same space group type. The present contribution highlights five differentisomorphictransitions of index 5 (i5), all fromI 4/mtoI 4/m. These superstructure formations allow (i) atom ordering in MoNi4, (ii) vacancy ordering in Nb4N5, KxFe2−ySe2and Nd10Au3As8O10and (iii) charge ordering in CsInCl3(≡Cs2InIInIIICl6). The group-subgroup schemes in the Bärnighausen formalism are discussed along with the crystal chemical consequences.
Single-crystal investigation of the compound SmNi5.2Mn6.8
Authors: Belan Bohdana , Kowalska Dorota , Manyako Mykola , Dzevenko Mariya , Kalychak Yaroslav
Published: January 2020

The intermetallic compound SmNi5.2Mn6.8 was synthesized by arc-melting and its crystal structure has been determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The compound adopts the tetragonal structure type ThMn12: space group I4/mmm, Pearson code tI26, Z = 2; a = 8.6528(3), c = 4.8635(3) Å; R1 = 0.0175, wR2 = 0.0372, 171 F
2 values, 17 refined variables. The two crystallographic positions 8f and 8j in the structure of SmNi5.2Mn6.8 are occupied by a mixture of Mn and Ni atoms.
Photography and sculpture:The multifaceted relation of sculpture to photography and new media in the light of the evolving concept of sculpture
Authors: Dzwonkowska Paulina
Published: January 2020

The relationship between photography and sculpture, unlike the dialogue between the latter and painting, was long treated as a peripheral issue. Yet as early as the mid-20th century photography began to show potential that sculpture seemed to be lack. Aware of a large degree of overlap between the two forms of artistic expression, (e.g. with respect to materiality, spatiality, or accentuating frozen gestures) sculptors did not leave sculpture for photography, but attempted to create works that were interdisciplinary in structure. The rise of interest in photography displayed by Polish sculptors was closely connected with the evolution of the concept of sculpture. In the mid-20th century artists creating traditional sculptures (understood as a solid or as a visually rendered spatial form) began to experiment and cross the boundaries of well-established artistic tradition. The changes introduced enabled sculptors to interweave their field with other artistic disciplines, especially photography, even more closely. More and more frequently, sculpture started to establish multi-faceted relations with the new medium. At the beginning the potential of photography as a documentation tool was exploited. Then sculptors began to appreciate photography’s core values, using it to capture and preserve a given moment in time. Finally, they applied it in works that can be classified as close to hyperrealism. The employment of still newer materials and tools made the link between sculpture and photography inextricable, as can be shown through works of Polish artists.
Anaesthetic gardens. On Metaphysics by Lech Majewski
Authors: Baron Marta
Published: January 2020

Interpretation of Metaphisics – the novel written by Lech Majewski, is the subject matter of theoretical, aesthetic and antropological considerations. Synthesis of arts: literature, film, painting and theatre, which occur in the novel, opens a perspective of intertextuality and provokes questions about ekphrasis, varied materials, ways of experience mediated by dispositives and reflections on humans among other problems. The crucial point in both: Majewski’s novel and this dissertation, is a triptych painted by Hieronymus Bosch – The Garden of Earthly Delight, which gradually annexes the featured world – becomes a basic figure in trying to show, how the aesthetization of reality brings Wolfgang Welsch’s cahegory of an(a)esthetics.
On the abuses by the thesis supervisor in the light of the academic ethos
Authors: Świtalska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The paper will attempt to provide an ethical reflection upon abuses by a thesis supervisor that may occur in interpersonal relationships between a student and his or her supervisor. The abuses will be considered from the perspective of the academic ethos. In this the author will focus upon the actual notion of ethosand values which are considered as constituent for the ethos of scholars. In the second part of the paper the author will reflect on which of the thesis supervisor’s attitudes constitute a betrayal of these values.
Soundscapes
Authors: Olszewska Marta
Published: January 2020

This article examines the issues of soundscape construction and reception and states that a city is a construction built from private sonic narrations that both shape and are shaped by spatial structures. The analysis of three audio-visual practices: Playtime,a film by Jacques Tati;Infrasonic Soundscape, an interactive online artwork by Hidekazu Minami; and Dialtones (A Telesymphony) by Golan Levin, a concert performance whose sounds were produced by theaudience’s mobile phones reveals the polyphonic character of space. These examples necessitate verifying the way one perceives the understanding of the concepts of sound and space as well as their interactions. The phenomenon of soundscapes requires transgressing the dichotomies of space/place, seeing/listening (sound/image), and listener (recipient)/creative subject (sender of a specific message), in favour of the intermediate categories. The core of the interspace which arises on this ground constitutes a dialog anyone might enter if they afford a gesture addressed to the other (various forms of space embodiment).
Shaping the multicultural society of Lower Silesia after the Second World War exemplified by the case of Dobroszyce
Authors: Hold Marta
Published: January 2020

World War II and its political consequences resulted in a demographic shift in Lower Silesia. It took place to an extent never before seen in any part of Europe. Due to international decisions concerning the changes of its borders, Lower Silesia was once again integrated with Poland. At the same time the German inhabitants living in the region were obliged to leave. Polish people replaced them coming from other parts of Poland as well as from former Polish territories which had been incorporated by the Soviet Union. The immigrants were influenced by the cultures of the places of their origin. They differed in almost every field of everyday life, so in their new towns they met people with various integrating capabilities, contrasting points of view, political preferences and attitudes.That phenomenon was understood as a coexistence of the representatives of at least two different cultures whose members perceive the differences between them. Prevalence of so many distinct cultures in one area and the influences they had on each other led to the creation of specific cultural and social relations among the groups and their members. The situation obliged the settlers to overcome their particular attitudes and competences to live and communicate with new neighbours. Significant historical processes had influenced in a noticeable way the lives of people from every single town and village in Lower Silesia. One example of the place chosen by the immigrants to Lower Silesia is Dobroszyce. The incoming people created from the very beginning a society which was supposed to live in multicultural reality.
Regulatory Innate Lymphoid Cells: A new subset of innate immune lymphocytes with more potential functions to be discovered in immune regulation
Authors: Yu Jifeng
Published: January 2020

Regulatory innate lymphoid cells (ILCregs) are a newly identified subset of innate immune lymphocytes. The discovery of this subset cell has revealed several inhibitory and stimulatory pathways that affect the regulatory functions of ILCregs, in addition to miRNA and other genetic molecular regulations. These pathways may play important roles in the pathogenesis and potential immunotherapy in patients with different kind of diseases, such as inflammation and ischemia / reperfusion injury of the kidney, acute myeloid leukemia, through immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory pathway, as well as miRNA regulations. Further studies on ILCregs may be a potentially high interest in the near future.
ASDtoolkit for reflectance measurements v2
Authors: Elmer Kathryn , Soffer Raymond , Kalacska Margaret , Skye Schaaf Erica , Pablo Arroyo-Mora J.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this toolbox implemented in MATLAB is to calculate the corrected reflectance from ASD Fieldspec 3 target measurements and based upon specific reference panels used and solar zenith angle (SZA) according to the Panel Substitution Methodology (PSM) described in Soffer et al. (2019). Calculation of reflectance with this toolbox results in traceable measurements. Soffer R., Ifimov G., Arroyo-Mora J.P., Kalacska M. 2019 Validation of Airborne Hyperspectral Imagery from Laboratory Panel Characterization to Image Quality Assessment: Implications for an Arctic Peatland Surrogate Simulation Site. Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing. DOI: 10.1080/07038992.2019.1650334
MELD Protocol 1 - Patient and Control Inclusion in the MELD Project v1
Authors: Adler Sophie , Whitaker Kirstie , Semmelroch Mira , Wagstyl Konrad
Published: January 2020

The MELD Project is an international collaboration aiming to create open-access, robust and generalisable tools for FCD detection. To this end, we will train a neural network classifier on MRI features from FCD patients from multiple centres worldwide. Protocol 1 details instructions for patient and control inclusion in the MELD Project as well as how to fill out the demographics csv file.
271 Splenektomili hastasının incelenmesi, Splenektomi Yapılmış Hastalarda Splenomegalinin Nedeni Gaucher Hastalığı Olabilir mi?
Authors: AKKUZU Mustafa Zanyar , SEZGİN Orhan , YARAŞ Serkan , ÖZDOĞAN Osman , ÜÇBİLEK Enver , ALTINTAŞ Engin , ATEŞ Fehmi , KARA Tuba , BERKEŞOĞLU Mustafa
Published: January 2020

Gaucher hastalığı hepatosplenomegaliye neden olabilen bir lipid depo hastalığıdır. Zamanında tanı konamayan hastalarda ciddi splenomegaliye neden olabilmekte ve tanı alamamış hastalar gereksiz splenektomiye gidebilmektedir. Bu amaçla splenektomi yapılmış hastalar arasında zamanında tanısı konamamış, ancak splenektomi sonrası Gaucher hastalığı tanısı konmuş olanlar var mı diye araştırdık. 2010-2019 yılları arasında splenektomi yapılmış toplam 271 splenektomili hastanın klinikopatolojik ve demografik verileri geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Splenektomi yapılma sebeplerinden en sık üç sebep; travma (%26,5), solid organ tümörlerinin operasyonu esnasında (%22,88) ve immün trombositopenik purpura (%12,18) nedeniyleydi. Hastaların hiçbiri Gaucher hastalığından dolayı splenektomiye verilmemişti ve tanısal amaçlı splenektomi yapılmış olanların hiçbirinde Gaucher hastalığı saptanmamıştı. Gaucher hastalığında splenektomi , hematolojik ve mekanik problemler varken yapılabilmesine rağmen , artık selektif enzim replasman tedavisi tercih edilen tedavi şeklidir.
Increased ascites natural killer cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis using lamivudine: A pilot study
Authors: KÖKER İbrahim , ÜNSAL Belkıs
Published: January 2020

Background and Aims: Natural killer cells play a direct role in liver injury and fibrogenic response. Peripheral blood natural killer cells have been studied widely in chronic liver diseases. We aimed to evaluate the ascites natural killer cell frequency and its significance in chronic hepatitis B related cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: Overall, 30 patients [23 males] with decompensated chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis with ascites were included. Patients with a recent ascites infection history and other etiologic factors besides chronic hepatitis B infection were excluded. After defining the demographic characteristics of the cases, we divided patients according to their Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification scores into two groups, and their natural killer (CD3−/CD16+/CD56+) cell frequencies in peripheral blood and ascites were studied using flow cytometry. Finally, we compared the natural killer cell frequencies in peripheral blood and ascites between the Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification groups based on lamivudine use. Results: Median lamivudine usage duration was 60 months, interquartile range 18.7–93 months in Child-Turcotte-Pugh B and 7.5 months, interquartile range 2.2–21 months in Child-Turcotte-Pugh C (p = 0.053). Ascites natural killer cells were significantly increased in lamivudine users of Child-Turcotte-Pugh B (p = 0.049), whereas no change was observed in peripheral blood - natural killer frequency in patients using lamivudine in the Child-Turcotte-Pugh B and C groups (p = 0.574 and p = 0.174, respectively). Conclusion: Long-term lamivudine use might have increased the ascites natural killer frequency, whereas no change was observed in the peripheral blood - natural killer cell frequency in patients with chronic hepatitis B cirrhosis, suggesting a potential role of antivirals in ascites natural killer cell response.
Trois modalités de réseaux littéraires pour enseigner la grammaire en contexte plurilingue
Authors: Thibeault Joël , Quevillon Lacasse Claude
Published: January 2020

La grammaire est une discipline qui est ancrée dans la tradition scolaire francophone et dont l’enseignement, parce qu’on lui reconnait une fonction normative assumée, peut contribuer à la reproduction de certaines inégalités à l’école. Au regard de cet état de fait, le présent article veut, dans un premier temps, mettre en évidence la pertinence didactique que revêtent les réseaux littéraires pour l’enseignement de la grammaire du français (langue d’enseignement ou seconde) en contexte plurilingue. Ainsi exposerons-nous les fondements théoriques qui concourent à l’utilisation de ces réseaux et verrons-nous comment on peut les mettre en oeuvre afin de valoriser et de mettre à profit le répertoire linguistique pluriel des élèves. Dans un second temps, il s’agira d’exemplifier notre propos en présentant trois modalités de réseaux littéraires, ceux-ci, s’ils sont élaborés en considérant les plurilinguismes qui caractérisent de nos jours les salles de classe, pouvant soutenir le développement de la compétence grammaticale des élèves.

Mots-clés : grammaire, enseignement, réseaux littéraires, plurilinguisme, écriture
Translanguaging and the No Voice Policy in L2 Sign Language Contexts
Authors: Tanner Josée-Anna , Doré Nina
Published: January 2020

This article draws on translanguaging theory and research to consider a common pedagogical practice in American Sign Language (ASL) as a second language (L2) classroom, the No Voice policy (i.e., spoken language use is forbidden). The No Voice policy serves important cultural and practical purposes, but by nature limits learners’ access to their entire linguistic repertoire, which raises questions about the overall impact of the policy on learners’ language development. Current literature about pedagogical translanguaging has not yet addressed practices that integrate (and, by extension, limit) selective modalities; we evaluate this gap and propose several directions for future research on the topic.Moreover, previous discussions of translanguaging practices involving recognized minority (e.g., Basque, Welsh, Irish) spoken languages are not wholly comparable to sign languages, which are not yet official or fully recognized languages in most countries and are therefore additionally vulnerable.We take into account the impact of ASL L2 learners on the language community, as many learners go on to become interpreters and allies to the deaf community.

Keywords: American Sign Language as a second language, hearing adult learners, selective modality, pedagogical translanguaging, minority language
Bridging Teaching, Learning and Assessment Processes through a Reflective Method: Implications for Plurilingual Learning Environments
Authors: Spinelli Barbara
Published: January 2020

The challenges of global education highlight the need for students to meaningfully engage with their life experiences, deepen their reflection on their practices and feelings, and learn from them. What challenges may the implementation of such reflective approaches in a plurilingual and pluricultural learning environment entail? This article has a three-fold aim: first, it explores benefits that reflective and participatory methods have brought to plurilingual learners in different learning settings; second it describes the implementation of a three-mode reflective framework in a university blended course aimed at developing plurilingual competences, strategies, and literacies; and third, it argues how such reflective methods may contribute to promoting an integrated and transformative learning experience for a diverse linguistic and cultural learning community.

Keywords: reflective approach, plurilingualism, plurilingual/pluricultural learning
Translanguaging et intercompréhension - deux approches à la diversité linguistique ?
Authors: Schwender Philipp , Reissner Christina
Published: January 2020

C’est la compétence plurilingue qui constitue l’un des objectifs centraux de la politique linguistique de l’Europe. Le translanguaging (TL) comme l’intercompréhension (IC) sont des conceptions proposées comme appropriées sur le chemin vers une diversité linguistique vécue. Les deux concepts se situent dans le champ de recherche en plurilinguisme comme approches positives à la diversité linguistique. Incontestablement, ils représentent un enrichissement dans le débat scientifique autour du plurilinguisme. Néanmoins, les frontières et interfaces entre TL et IC restent floues de sorte que la question d’une définition pertinente se pose généralement. À cet égard, la présente contribution se penchera sur la clarification des notions en question. L’objectif de cet article est donc de mettre en évidence quelques convergences et divergences épistémologiques entre les deux approches. Afin de compléter la perspective théorique, seront discutés quelques exemples d’une enquête menée à ce propos parmi des acteurs universitaires dans le domaine du plurilinguisme, les participants du Colloque du CCERBAL 2018.

Mots-clés : translanguaging, intercompréhension, plurilinguisme, approches plurielles, éducation plurilingue et interculturelle
Translanguaging, recours aux langues et aux cultures de la classe autour de la littérature de jeunesse pour des publics allophones d’Ottawa (Canada) et de Montpellier (France) : opportunités et défis pour la classe
Authors: Fleuret Carole , Auger Nathalie
Published: January 2020

Bien que vivant un contexte sociolinguistique bien différent, l’Ontario au Canada et le Languedoc–Roussillon en France partagent de nombreux points communs (idéologie de défense de la langue française, impératif de reconnaître la diversité scolaire) utiles à une réflexion sur l’enseignement aux élèves migrants, population de plus en plus grandissante sur les deux bords de l’Atlantique, et au translanguaging. Le manque de formation concernant le répertoire plurilingue de l’élève, les approches plurielles et les activités translangagières dans l’appropriation du français nous ont incitées à choisir des albums de jeunesse comportant des aspects interculturels afin de proposer à des enseignants sur nos deux sites d’utiliser ces artefacts. Après avoir formé un certain nombre d’enseignants à la mise en oeuvre de l’interculturel et des albums de jeunesse en classe, nos résultats montrent que les enseignants ont des discours et attitudes contradictoires. Si l’album leur permet de s’autoriser et d’autoriser les langues et les cultures des élèves lors des séquences de classe, la majeure partie des activités translangagières proposées consistent à parler sur les langues et les cultures (sans inclure toutefois toujours celles des élèves) plutôt qu’à les utiliser comme une ressource à tout moment de la classe. Ces résultats nous amènent à proposer une redéfinition de la mise en oeuvre des approches plurielles et des pratiques translangagières qui soient traduisibles dans les futures formations des enseignants.

Mots-clés : allophones, approches interculturelles, pratiques pédagogiques translangues, littérature de jeunesse
Enabling Translanguaging in the French Language Classroom
Authors: Weinmann Michiko , Charbonneau Noella
Published: January 2020

Recent studies in multilingual and translanguaging pedagogies have shifted the focus from investigating how students engage their multilingual repertoires to exploring how teachers understand and implement these pedagogical directions in their practice. In this article, the authors report on a national online survey on the multilingual perspectives and practices of teachers of French in Australia. The overall goal of the survey discussed here was to comprehensively capture how teachers of French understand the teaching and learning of languages in general, and of French in particular. The study revealed several tensions between the language teachers’ beliefs and practice. While most of the survey participants expressed strong support for innovative pedagogies such as translanguaging (García & Wei, 2014), and keen motivation to engage the full multilingual repertoire of their learners, a closer reading of the data indicated that most of them felt restricted in their practice by “the normative terms and conditions of an understanding of languages education that remains rooted in parochial, monolingual and pecuniary perspectives” (Weinmann & Arber, 2017, p. 173). In particular, the findings indicate that (self-)perceptions of “non-native” language teachers as “culturally deficient” continue to frame the notion of what constitutes a “good” language teacher (Holliday, 2015). For teachers to feel more confident and better equipped to effectively implement translanguaging pedagogies in their practice, teachers’ perceptions of their own multilingual identities and how these are shaped within the systems they work in (Young, 2017) need to be better understood.

Keywords: Languages teaching, languages education, translanguaging, native language teacher, non-native language teacher, linguistic repertoire, multilingualism, Australia
Translanguaging and Multilingual Texts as a Resource in Superdiverse Classrooms
Authors: Schwarzl Lena , Vetter Eva
Published: January 2020

This contribution draws on the preliminary results of a project that uses translanguaging and plurilingual texts during an intervention (of six months) in one primary and one lower secondary school class in Vienna. Although Viennese pupils’ linguistic repertoires are highly diverse, pupils usually barely get a chance to use their respective repertoires at school, because of a focus on highly prestigious languages, such as German or English. We assumed that pupils would positively experience the use of their plurilingual competences to gain self-efficacy. Moreover, we expected that group dynamics would improve due to the use of translanguaging. Results of the ethnographic observations and interviews we conducted with one teacher at each school at the end of the intervention are discussed in this article. They support the conclusion that school classes that are linguistically diverse benefit from intervention at the socioemotional level. However, it is crucial that teachers pay particular attention to the integration of less dominant languages.

Keywords: translanguaging pedagogy, plurilingual texts, linguistic superdiversity, self-efficacy, dominant languages
Ectopic pregnancy: an observational study in a tertiary care centre of Southern Rajasthan, India
Authors: Parmar Shrusti , Sharma Nalini , Dhakar Vimla
Published: January 2020

Background: One among the three chief obstetric causes of bleeding in first trimester, ectopic pregnancy is the first thing to rule out as a gestation is suspected. The present study observes and analyses sociodemographic distribution, risk factors, presentation, diagnosis and treatment modalities in a tertiary care centre.Methods: An observational cross-sectional study, conducted among patients who were diagnosed and managed in department of obstetrics and gynaecology of a tertiary care centre. Data analyzed and explained as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.Results: Age group between 21 to 30 years (69.9%) and multigravida (68.5%) are high risk for ectopic pregnancy (EP). Menstrual history was regular in 86.3%. Risk factors identified were previous abortion (30%) and history of pelvic inflammatory disease (30%). In 80.9% pain in abdomen was presenting complaints followed by bleeding per vaginum (60%), amenorrhoea (60%) and nausea and vomiting (32.9%). Right salpingectomy was most common in 43.8%, followed by left salpingectomy in 28.8%, methotrexate in 15.1%, left salpingo-ophorectomy in 5.5%, right salpingo-opherectomy in 5.5% and removal of tubal abortion in 1.3% patients. Laparoscopy was chosen route in majority 64.4% patients.Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy - a gynecological catastrophe as well as a major challenge to the reproductive performance of women worldwide, should be considered a relevant public health issue. By providing adequate materials, manpower, well-equipped health facilities as well as a prompt and efficient referral system, good access roads and efficient transportation, will ensure early presentation in hospitals and prompt management of cases.
Microneurosurgical aspects in the management of posterior cranial fossa epidermoids: experience of 24 cases
Authors: Chandra V. V. Ramesh , Prasad B. C. M. , Niranjan V. , Rajesh Paradesi
Published: January 2020

Background: There is considerable debate in the surgical management of epidermoid cyst, whether gross total or subtotal resection yields better long term outcomes. We present our institutional experience in evaluating the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and surgical strategy and extent of resection in the management of posterior cranial fossa epidermoid cyst.Methods: A retrospective review of 24 patients diagnosed with posterior cranial fossa epidermoid tumors surgically treated at the institution between January 2010 and July 2019.Results: A total of 24 patients who underwent surgery for intracranial epidermoid lesions were identified. Of these 13 were in the Cerebellopontine angle region, eight were in the fourth ventricle, and three in lateral cerebellar convexity. The mean duration from onset of symptoms to surgery was 1.6 years. Cranial nerve dysfunction was noted in 73% of patients preoperatively, most of them being the CPA epidermoids. Total removal was achieved in 16 patients, near-total resection in 6 patients, and subtotal removal in 2 patients. Three patients developed recurrence radiologically of them only one patient became symptomatic. The mean duration of follow-up was 3.8 years. The content of the tumor was pearly white material in all cases. Complications noted in the present series were not related to the completeness of excision. Mortality was noted in one patient.Conclusions: The present study highlights various precautions to be taken intraoperatively in the prevention of development of aseptic meningitis and concludes that total removal of epidermoids does not result in significantly increased morbidity and mortality and should be the goal of surgical treatment. However, near/subtotal resection of lesions that are densely adherent to neurovascular structures is justified, as there is no significant difference in the rate of recurrence. An endoscope can be used to assess the completeness of surgery.
Estimation of serum testosterone concentration in type 2 diabetic males
Authors: Nayyar Satya Bhushan , Singh Karamvir , . Neha
Published: January 2020

Background: A high incidence of hypogonadism in men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has been globally reported. The present study was aimed at determining the frequency of hypogonadism in T2DM males. Screening and management of hypogonadism in Diabetic males should be done.Methods: In this case control study conducted from January 2018 to August 2019 at SGRDIMSR Sri Amritsar 100 Type 2 Diabetic males were taken as cases. 50 age matched nondiabetic males were taken as controls. Apart from BMI and waist hip ratio routine investigations, HbA1C, serum total and free testosterone levels were done. All the subjects were subjected to ADAM questionnaire to evaluate for hypogonadism.Results: Majority of subjects were in the age of 40-50 years. Mean Serum Total Testosterone levels in Study and Control Groups were 4.94±5.32 nmol/L and 6.63±4.54 nmol/L respectively (p=0.045). Mean Serum Free Testosterone levels in Study and Control Groups were 4.12±3.43 pg/ml and 6.05±3.24 pg/ml respectively (p=0.001). A statistically highly significant negative correlation was found between BMI and Serum Testosterone levels in both groups. Prevalence of hypogonadism (Total Testosterone <4.56 nmol/L) in Study and Control Groups was 73% and 58% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of ADAM questionnaire was found to be 78.46% and 94.29 % respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypogonadism among T2DM males is high. So, screening for hypogonadism should be done. ADAM questionnaire can be used as a screening tool, results must be confirmed with Serum Total Testosterone levels.
Modelos de regulación de servicios públicos de gas natural en Argentina, 1967-2017
Authors: Serrani Esteban
Published: January 2020

En Argentina, la privatización de las empresas de servicios públicos significó el pasaje de un modelo de regulación, basado en un monopolio estatal, a otro modelo de eficiencia económica marginalista que, sin embargo, tuvo un derrotero cambiante y contradictorio en las últimas décadas. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las marchas y contramarchas de los diferentes modelos regulatorios del servicio público de distribución residencial de gas natural en Argentina entre 1967 y 2017. A partir de la revisión de la legislación regulatoria de cinco décadas, de la reconstrucción de series de precios de tarifas residenciales, y de la evolución de las empresas del sector en la cúpula empresarial, se analizan los efectos que tuvieron los diseños institucionales y los mecanismos para la determinación de los precios energéticos en la dinámica tarifaria, el poder adquisitivo del salario y las empresas del sector.
Indigenous Knowledge in Early Childhood Education: Building a Nest for Reconciliation
Authors: Kinzel Cheryl
Published: January 2020

This article is based on my dissertation study exploring how Indigenous knowledges were experienced by non-Indigenous students in an ECE diploma program at a Canadian college. Analysis of participants’ stories through the lens of critical pedagogy helped identify experiences with Indigenous knowledges and Reconciliation. Critical reflection on these experiences identified key findings: 1) the promise of transformative learning, 2) an acceptance of the truths and realities of Canadian history, and 3) the necessity of experiencing Indigenous knowledges. Through the metaphor of building a nest, I see transformative learning, truth telling, and inclusion of Indigenous knowledges as a path toward Reconciliation of Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples within early childhood education programs.
Ethics of Care in Practice: An Observational Study of Interactions and Power Relations between Children and Educators in Urban Ontario Early Childhood Settings
Authors: Langford Rachel , Richardson Brooke
Published: January 2020

This article explores observations of care practices in interactions between early childhood educators and children in two urban early childhood settings in Ontario. Analysis of these care practices is informed by a feminist ethics of care. Findings show that the care actions of educators were more often instrumental in nature, often incomplete, and/ or interrupted. Children’s experience with and perspectives on their care were not taken into consideration. Structural factors such as staffing levels appeared to interfere significantly with the possibility of care as conceptualized from a feminist ethics of care framework. Practice and policy implications for the absence and presence of an ethics of care in Canadian early childhood settings are discussed.
Creating Connections to Land through Art: Allowing Curiosity to Take the Lead in Urban Spaces
Authors: Heino Jeannette
Published: January 2020

When a child requested a visit to a colourful metal tree that she had seen on the way to the children’s centre, we had no idea it would spark a journey of connection to the land through the art found in a bustling, urban, downtown setting. This article describes our journey as educators as we used questions to guide and push forward our practice with children. The questions provoked both children and educators to notice connections to the environment and how we might learn more about ourselves and the histories and stories of our surroundings. The purpose of this article is to consider how a series of metal tree art installations called our attention to the land we are on and the pedagogical possibilities that arose when we listened to questions proposed by both educators and the children in our care.
A Critique of a Child-Centered Curriculum
Authors: Floom Rachael , Janzen Melanie
Published: January 2020

Imagine a world full of human beings existing to and for themselves alone, insensitive and removed from the social and natural world. Here we contemplate child-centeredness, a discourse used liberally in the realm of early childhood education and yet rarely considered critically. Drawing from Gert Biesta, we will explore the ways in which the notion of a child-centred curriculum positions the child as an egological being and thus minimizes the child’s relationships with others and the world in which they exist. We hope to provoke considerations of how we might reconceptualize curricula to foster children’s understanding of their broader existence.
One-Click Russian Populism in Putinesque The Knight of the Burning Pestle
Authors: Quarmby Kevin A.
Published: January 2020

A review of the 2019 Cheek by Jowl and Moscow Pushkin Drama Theatre/Barbican co-production of The Knight of the Burning Pestle, at the Barbican.
Effects of Trough Concentration and Solute Carrier Polymorphisms on Imatinib Efficacy in Chinese Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wang Qing , Jiang Zhi-Ping , Zeng Jing , Zhu Yan , Cai Hua-Lin , Xiang Da-Xiong , He Qun , Shi Xiao-Liu , Zhong An-Ni , Zhao Xie-Lan , Xu Ping
Published: January 2020

Purpose: We investigated the relationship between imatinib trough concentrations and genetic polymorphisms with efficacy of imatinib in Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Methods: There were 171 eligible patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 171 eligible patients between 21 and 27 hours after the last imatinib administration. Complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), major molecular response (MMR) and complete molecular response (CMR) were used as metrics for efficacy. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms in 5 genes, SLC22A4 (917 T>C, -248 C>G and -538 C>G), SLC22A5 (-945 T>G and -1889 T>C), SLCO1A2 (-361 G>A), SLCO1B3 (334 T>G and 699 G>A) and ABCG2 (421C>A) were selected for genotyping. Results: Patients with CCyR achieve higher trough concentrations than those without CCyR (1478.18±659.83 vs 984.89±454.06 ng mL-1, p<0.001). Patients with MMR and CMR achieve higher trough concentrations than those without MMR and CMR, respectively (1486.40±703.38 vs 1121.17±527.14 ng mL-1, p=0.007; 1528.00±709.98 vs 1112.67±518.35 ng mL-1, p=0.003, respectively). Carriers of A allele in SLCO1A2 -361G>A achieve higher CCyR and MMR rates (p=0.047, OR=4.320, 95% CI: 0.924-20.206; p=0.042, OR=2.825, 95% CI: 1.016-7.853, respectively). Both trough concentrations and SLCO1A2 -361G>A genotypes are independent factors affecting imatinib efficacy. The positive and negative predictive values for CCyR are 71.01% and 68.75%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values for MMR are 62.86% and 69.70%, respectively. Conclusion: Imatinib trough concentrations and SLCO1A2 -361G>A genotypes are associated with imatinib efficacy in Chinese patients with CML. Keywords: Efficacy, Imatinib, Polymorphisms, Trough concentration