bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Restoring Consumer Privacy and Healthcare Delivery: Effectiveness of Blockchain Technology
Authors: Singh Bhupinder
Published: September 2024

Across the globe effective healthcare management and its delivery is of
prime concern. Governments generate and maintain infrastructure for healthcare and its
facilities ensuring every citizen to receive the basic and advanced treatments. There
have been significant advances with regard to delivery of healthcare to populations,
irrespective of their economic status. Handling and security of medical records and data
belonging to patient is a major concern for hospital managements. Privacy of patient’s
personal information and statistics are important but can be scattered and fragmented
leading to ineffective health service and as malpractice in delivery. The Constitution of
India, 1950 contains various fundamental rights for its citizens and foreigners. As per
Article 21, the right to life and personal liberty is considered as one of the fundamental
right entitled to every citizen without discrimination on basis of religion, race, socioeconomic conditions. In addition, the right to health and medical care also falls under
Article 21 via judicial pronouncement. Good health is significant for all and include
factors like- life-style, food habits, hygiene, sanitation and healthcare facilities etc.
Explanation of these factors are relevant to understand the core concept of patient’s
privacy for medical and healthcare. Relevancy of blockchain technology in patient’s
privacy has become much significant because hospital’s system of record keeping may
be vulnerable to cyber-attacks and frauds. Thus, introduction of blockchain technology
in hospitals ensures safety and security of data and medical records. The access to data
is available to patient, the network members and the hospital management to timely
update and provide availability whenever required. To achieve this aim, there is a need
of legal framework which intends to secure medical records and statistics. This article
aims to discuss relevancy of blockchain technology in securing patient’s privacy with
regard to hospital’s healthcare delivery and its management.Methodology
Blockchain technology is helpful in securing and handling patient data where in the
information stored is impossible to theft, hack or changed. Timely healthcare delivery to all is the need of hour and blockchain technology can provide easy access to secure
and comprehensive data and patient’s medical record. This article shall examine and
analyses various international documents, national provisions, hospital management,
books, legislations, reports, articles concerning to blockchain technology and patient’s
privacy.
Blockchain Technology Vis-à-Vis Financial Sector: A Contemporary Review & Policy Framework in Indian Context
Authors: Paul P. K.
Published: September 2024

Blockchain Technology is an emerging technology in the areas of
Information Technology field and applicable in the process of the keeping the records
on business as well as other transactions. Blockchain Technology is enhancing
financial and business sector rapidly. Blockchain is primarily known as a tool and
gradually become a technology and even treated as a field of study as ‘Blockchain
Technology’. Blockchain is perform only by the registered members with permission to
cattle immediate, shared and completely transparent information. Changes of
blockchain can be noted in tracking orders, payments, accounts, and production and
here all the transaction details can be visible to end users time to time. The
requirements of the blockchain in financial sectors is enhanced in the areas viz.
financial transfer, added security systems, automation and data storage, digital identity
verification, credit reporting and so on. Along with blockchain crypto currency is
important form of emerging IT in financial sector. Worldwide there is a boom on
blockchain Technology applications in different financial and business areas and in
India too there are healthy potentialities of its implementation. However there are
issues and concern of blockchain in financial systems and management. This chapter is
about blockchain specially its nature, types, and opportunities available in the financial
sectors emphasizing India. Chapter also illustrates about the challenges and issues of
Blockchain Technologies in financial areas especially in Indian context.
Thyroid Hormone-Regulated Genes in the Brain
Authors: Bernal Juan
Published: September 2024

Thyroid hormone exerts its actions by binding to nuclear receptors and
regulating gene expression. Gene expression regulation by thyroid hormone in the
brain is highly complex, with thousands of genes under the direct or indirect influence
of T3. Adding to the complexity, gene dependence of T3 is age- and region-dependent,
with diverse time window sensitivity. The maximal gene expression responses to T3 in
rodents extend from the last 2-3 days of fetal life to the end of the first month, peaking
around postnatal days 15-21. T3 regulates genes involved in almost all aspects of brain
function, from developmental genes to genes involved in metabolic and cell signaling
pathways. In most cases, the effect of T3 is to fine-tune the relative abundance of
selected gene products at the right time and place, promoting maturational processes
during developmental transitions.
ESTABLISHMENT AND PLANNING OF ECONOMIC DESTINATIONS THROUGH FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY APPROACH TO BITING BUSINESS (STUUK SATE) IN MALANG REGENCY
Authors: Irwandi Putra , Purnomo Mangku , Riyanto Sugeng , Pertiwi Vi’in Ayu
Published: September 2024

Financial feasibility analysis related to the formation of economic destinations is carried out to formulate the required information related to resources, costs, benefits, and feasibility by what is proposed and expected. This research was conducted to determine business estimation and planning for establishing economic destinations in Malang Regency. This study uses the mixed method, namely collecting information qualitatively related to the skewer-biting business unit and quantitatively calculating the skewer-biting business's feasibility in an estimated period of 20 years. This research was conducted purposively to biting business owners in Malang Regency. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, documentation, and feasibility calculations. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that within 20 years, the formation of economic destinations can be formed with the value of each eligibility consisting of a positive NPV of IDR 988,153,018, BCR has a value of > 1 which is 2.04, IRR shows a value of 23% , and a payback period of 7 years during implementation.
ORGANIC FARMING METHODS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC VEGETABLE
Authors: Javier Joemar Dayham , Sison Maria Pia M
Published: September 2024

Organic farming is a method of crop production through the natural process instead of using chemical-based pesticides and fertilizers. This study was conducted to identify the organic farming method used in producing organic vegetables in terms of the following: soil cultivation, animal husbandry, natural pesticides, biofertilizers, composting, crop rotation, cover crops, diversified crops, mulching, and seed treatments. Key Informant Interviews and surveys were used in data gathering, and descriptive statistics were used in data analysis. Results revealed that regardless of the farm size (small, medium, large), organic vegetable growers have practiced soil cultivation techniques such as ploughing, digging, furrowing, and hoeing. Other organic vegetable production practices, for instance, homemade organic pesticides, vermicomposting, crop rotation (legume/leafy), cover crops (grass), and mulching (dry leaves, plastic mulch) are commonly practiced among the three farm types. Moreover, only a few farms have practiced animal husbandry and biofertilizer application, while seed pelleting for seed treatment was obviously practiced by large farm types.   Majority of the farms have diversified crops like lettuce, cabbage, eggplant, tomato, cauliflower, bitter gourd, cucumber, and herbs. It is noteworthy that success in organic vegetable production is greatly dependent on the timely implementation of effective cultural/production practices which enable growers to minimize, or totally avoid risks, thus to improve crop yield, farmers should focus on optimizing production/cultural practices.
DETERMINANTS OF RICE CONSUMPTION AND HOUSEHOLD PREFERENCES IN JOS-NORTH, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Onuwa Godfrey , Dalla Alexander
Published: September 2024

The determinants of rice consumption and household preferences were analyzed. Multistage sampling was adopted and primary data analysed using descriptive statistics and OLS regression model. Socioeconomic factors affected rice consumption and household preferences. Local rice consumption was prevalent. Variables in the regression model were significant determinants of household's rice consumption. Constraints identified also affected rice consumption in the area. Price regulation, technology adoption, and policy modifications are strongly recommended.
ANALYSES OF COSTS AND RETURN OF DATE PALM FRUITS (Phoenix dactylifera Linn) MARKETING AMONG RETAILER TRADERS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ariyo Oluyinka Christopher
Published: September 2024

Date palm trees are an economic crop which fruits are used for food, medicine and income in the arid and semi arid zone of Nigeria. The study was undertaken to analyse the costs and return of date palm fruits marketing among retailer traders in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna. Two-stage sampling technique was employed which led to random selection of 80 respondents. Structure questionnaires were administered to the respondents and data collected were analysed with descriptive statistics, cost and return, and regression analysis. The results showed that all the respondents are male, 21-30 years of age, married with household size of 6-10 family members and had Qur’anic education. The result further showed that marketing of date fruits was profitable with net marketing income of N 8,400 per respondent per month and return on investment of N 0.11. Variables such as years of marketing experience, quantity of date palm purchased and revenue were significant at (P< 0.01) percent probability level. Also purchase cost and quantity of date palm sold were significant at (P< 0.05) percent while transportation cost and household size were significant at (P < 0.10) percent. The major constraints of date fruits marketing are inadequate capital, pest infestation, inadequate storage facilities and insecurity. The study recommends that unemployed teeming population especially youths should be encouraged to go into the business of date palm fruits marketing to earn a living.
ANALYSIS OF SUPERIOR COMMODITIES AND DETERMINATION OF AGROPOLITAN ACTIVITY CENTER IN SANROBONE
Authors: Siradjuddin Irsyadi , Sari Yuliana , Azizah Nurul Wafiq
Published: September 2024

The Takalar Regency Spatial Plan designates the Sanrobone sub-district as an area for the cultivation of food crops, horticultural crops, and plantations. Agriculture in Sanrobone plays a crucial role in fulfilling food needs and driving economic growth in rural areas. The research aims to identify superior commodities, determine the agropolitan activity center, and develop strategies for the agropolitan area in the Sanrobone sub-district. The study was conducted from June to November 2022, covering six villages in the Sanrobone sub-district. The analytical techniques employed include LQ analysis, Shift share analysis, Klassen typology, qualitative descriptive analysis, and SWOT analysis. The research findings reveal that the superior commodity of Sanrobone is Chili Pepper, while prospective commodities are Corn and Paddy, and the lagging commodity is Seagrass. The agropolitan activity center is the main farming town in Banyuanyara, with production centers in the village of Tonasa, and farmer collection towns in Paddinging, Ujung Baji, Lagaruda, and Sanrobone. The recommended strategy is a progressive approach, where empowering farmer groups can enhance the economy, especially in the agricultural sector. Encouraging farmer groups in each village to actively participate in established joint farming groups can boost the potential of food crop agriculture in each village and contribute to the development of the agropolitan area.
Smart Library: Using AI technology to Enhance Visitors Comfort and Books Preservation through Temperature and Humidity Adjustment in Libraries
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Widyardini Sekaring Tyas , Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Setyobudi Endro ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: September 2024

This research investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can optimize environmental conditions in libraries to preserve paper longevity. Fluctuations in temperature, often caused by varying visitor numbers, can affect both humidity and the durability of paper materials. AI algorithms help predict and adjust these fluctuations by utilizing temperature and humidity sensors, which provide real-time data essential for maintaining optimal conditions. The method involves placing sensors in key areas of the library to collect environmental data over six months, covering seasonal changes and usage variations. AI algorithms then analyze the data to predict temperature shifts, and the system automatically adjusts controls to keep the environment stable. The results show that AI significantly improves temperature stability compared to conventional methods, reducing fluctuations that affect paper durability. Humidity sensors prevent mold growth, and energy efficiency is improved by up to 15% through more precise control. The discussion highlights the importance of maintaining stable temperatures to ensure long-term preservation of paper materials. AI not only enhances operational efficiency but also improves the visitor experience by ensuring a comfortable environment. In conclusion, AI proves to be effective in managing library conditions. The integration of sensors and predictive algorithms offers a sustainable solution for preserving materials and improving energy efficiency, laying the groundwork for future advancements.
Library Digital Transformation: Legal and Ethical Analysis of Librarians' Use of AI to Improve Scientific Literacy
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Ismiatun Ismiatun , Sukartini Emy ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: September 2024

The digital transformation in modern libraries employs Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance scientific literacy. However, the implementation of AI presents various legal and ethical challenges that must be addressed to ensure its responsible and fair use. This study utilizes a narrative literature review method, analyzing and synthesizing various relevant sources. This method is flexible, covering diverse types of literature, and is useful for developing theoretical or conceptual models. Regulations for AI in Indonesia are still incomplete, although some aspects are regulated by existing laws. Key challenges include privacy, bias, discrimination, and AI regulation. Ethical principles such as transparency, honesty, and accountability are crucial in AI utilization. Ethical guidelines and regulations must be implemented to ensure fairness and accountability. Librarians play a vital role in enhancing users' scientific literacy through training and digital resource curation. AI implementation can improve library service efficiency and quality but also requires careful attention to ethical and privacy issues. AI holds significant potential for enhancing scientific literacy and operational efficiency in libraries, but the existing legal and ethical challenges must be addressed seriously. More specific regulations and clear ethical guidelines are essential to ensure the safe and responsible application of AI. The application of AI in libraries can significantly enhance scientific literacy and service efficiency, but stricter regulations and the implementation of ethical guidelines are needed to address the existing legal and ethical challenges. This study provides guidance for libraries in adopting AI technology safely and ethically.
AI Role in Optimizing Smart Library and Co-Working Space Services for Millennials
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Novida Krisna Audy , Putri Alya Khansa ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Agustina Salfia ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Putra Endry ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Putri Kethy Hariyadi ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: September 2024

AI enhances library services in the digital era by improving efficiency, personalization, and data management, while supporting research, education, and global information access despite initial challenges. This research employs a literature study method, collecting and analyzing data from Google Scholar on AI in libraries to address the research questions. This research explores how AI enhances the efficiency, accessibility, and quality of digital library services, addressing challenges in privacy, ethics, and librarians' roles while highlighting the need for a sustainable approach. This research highlights AI's role in enhancing digital library services through improved information retrieval, personalization, and data analysis, while addressing challenges in privacy, data security, and ethics. AI in digital libraries aims to enhance efficiency, service quality, and user experience, highlighting its potential for inclusivity and innovation with recommendations for future research.
A Multimodal Study of Selected Campaign Posters of All Progressives Congress Presidential Candidate in Nigerian 2023 General Elections
Authors: OMOLE DAVIDSON MONDAY , Ogoala Bibian
Published: September 2024

The relevance of multimodal features of campaign posters in disseminating intended information to the Nigerian electorate during elections is the focus of this research. The study examines six selected political campaign posters of Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the presidential candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2023 General Elections conducted in Nigeria. The posters, technically designed, are analysed with a view to highlighting their visual and linguistic components. The analysis is also intended to determine their effectiveness in persuading the electorate to vote for the candidate. The posters are chosen because they symbolically express the candidate’s and his party’s identity and ideology. The study adopts the social semiotic theory of Kress and van Leeuwen (2006) to analyse data sourced from Facebook and WhatsApp. The data are synthesised based on insights from the adopted theory. The paper reveals that Bola Ahmed Tinubu can disseminate information and project his political ideology on the minds of the electorate through visual and non-visual messages contained in the posters. The study concludes that the campaign posters of Bola Ahmed Tinubu contributed to influencing the decision of some Nigerian electorate to vote for him in the 2023 General Elections.The study recommends that future researchers can investigate the relevance of campaign posters in disseminating intended messages to the electorate in other elections conducted in Nigeria.
Digital Literacy Landscape of Novice Voters in the 2024 Election in Indonesia
Authors: Abisono Firya Qurratu'ain , Hastjarjo Sri , Destyani Vincentia Ardhana
Published: September 2024

Elections are one of the times when Indonesian democracy runs because the people themselves will choose a pair of president and vice president candidates along with the existing legislature. Voters need to have enough information about the candidates in order to choose the best among them, especially novice voters. Novice voters need to have good digital literacy in facing the upcoming 2024 elections. The 2024 election itself is mostly from young people who are novice voters. The purpose of this study is to determine the digital literacy readiness of novice voters in 2024 elections. In addition, it will also be known what factors influence this readiness and the impact of the readiness of novice voters on their participation in the election later. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires as primary data and literature studies as secondary data. The results and conclusions obtained in this study are that the majority of novice voters use social media as an information platform about the 2024 elections with varying levels of trust in the information. Most of the respondents chose not to share the information obtained related to the verification of uncertain news.
Women's Alternative Media: Agents of Change on the Issue of Women's Roles in Indonesia
Authors: Amelia Diah , Amanah Siti , Muljono Pudji , Hapsari Dwi Retno
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTProgress in achieving gender equality and empowering women in Indonesia has been too slow and fragmented. The media can provide a voice and a platform for placing women's role issues on the development agenda. As in the education, health, economic, labor, and political sectors. However, in reality, there is a significant gender gap in mainstream media companies so that women are not represented optimally and steps to improve gender equality are limited. Alternative media is very possible to take a role in explaining issues of gender equality and women's empowerment. Because this type of media can connect various sectors, including trade unions, social movements, organizations and various elements of society. Researchers use the concept of gender and communication development, Standpoint theory, and alternative media. The approach used in this study is literature review research methodology. The results of this study explain that journalists in alternative media consider gender awareness and sensitivity important in themselves to be able to protect and defend women's interests. In fact, alternative media provide wide opportunities for journalists to raise strategic issues of equality and women's empowerment. Keywords: Alternative, Empowerment, Journalists, Media, Women Election
Increasing creativity, production innovation and commercialization through the new teaching factory model based on life skills
Authors: Sutianah Cucu , Sobandi Bandi , Yamin Alfian Azhar , Trang Phan Doang Kieu
Published: September 2024

This research aims to implement and develop a new teaching and learning factory model based on life skills in Vocational Secondary Education (SME) Creative and Production Crafts Expertise Program. This model is designed to support the needs of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 by integrating project-based learning through collaboration between the school curriculum and the industrial world. This research usesmixed methods, with a quasi-experimental design involving control and experimental groups using pre-test and post-test. The results showed that the new teaching and learning factory model was valid and reliable based on expert validation tests. The implementation of this model successfully increased students' creativity in product design, production, and commercialisation, and it developed social skills such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and interpersonal skills. In conclusion, the implementation of the life skills-based teaching factory model is effective in preparing students to face the challenges of the world of work, improving innovation skills, and supporting production processes that are relevant to industry needs. The contribution of this research is in the development of an innovative learning model that integrates the education curriculum with the world of work, thus producing graduates who are better prepared to face the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0.
Evaluating the implementation of the mechanical engineering student skills competency
Authors: Saputra Galan Raditya , Mujiyono Mujiyono
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Expertise Competency Test (UKK) for students of Vocational High Schools (SMK) in the Machining Engineering Expertise Program implemented by the First Party Professional Certification Agency (LSP P1) in Banten Province. The evaluation was conducted using the CIPP model (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome). This study is useful for assessing the performance of LSP P1 in implementing the UKK and evaluating the impact of UKK graduates on their acceptance in the industrial world. The research was conducted in three vocational schools in Banten Province with the research subjects including the head of LSP P1, the head of the machining engineering expertise programme, and competency assessors. The research instruments used were questionnaires, observations, documents and interviews, which had been validated by expert judgement. The data analysis technique used was descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the implementation of UKK by LSP P1 in Banten vocational schools received the following evaluations: 1) Context aspect scored 3.36 (very good category), 2) Input aspect scored 3.47 (very good category), 3) Process aspect scored 3.36 (very good category), 4) Product aspect scored 3.26 (very good category), and 5) Outcome aspect scored 2.94 (good category). In conclusion, the implementation of the UKK by LSP P1 in the Machining Engineering Expertise Programme at SMK Banten Province has been running very well in most aspects, although there is room for improvement in the Outcome aspect related to the impact of graduates in the industrial world. The contribution of this research is to provide an overview of the effectiveness of expertise competency certification in SMKs as well as input to improve the quality of graduates who are better prepared to compete in the world of work.
Emerging Trends in Engineering Polymers: A Paradigm Shift in Material Engineering
Authors: Harun-Ur-Rashid Mohammad , Imran Abu Bin
Published: September 2024

Emerging Trends in Engineering Polymers signify a pivotal transformation in material engineering, marking a departure from traditional materials towards innovative, multifunctional, and sustainable polymers. This review delineates the forefront of advancements in polymer materials, including high-performance, bio-based, biodegradable, innovative, and functional polymers. Highlighting their enhanced mechanical properties, thermal stability, and chemical resistance showcases these materials' pivotal role in driving technological progress. The exploration extends to advanced manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing, electrospinning, and the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites, underscoring their impact on customizing product properties and scaling production. Central to this discourse is the sustainability and environmental stewardship in the polymer sector, addressing recycling methodologies, the circular economy, and regulatory frameworks guiding sustainable practices. The review juxtaposes traditional and emerging recycling processes, illuminating the path toward more sustainable material cycles. Furthermore, it ventures into emerging applications across diverse sectors such as energy, electronics, healthcare, automotive, and aerospace, elucidating the transformative potential of engineering polymers in these domains. Challenges spanning technical, economic, environmental, and regulatory landscapes are critically examined, setting the stage for future directions in research and development. The review culminates in a forward-looking perspective, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration and material science innovation to navigate modern engineering challenges' complexities. Through this comprehensive analysis, the review articulates a narrative of evolution and opportunity within engineering polymers, poised to redefine material engineering in the decades to come.
Facilitating Thought Progression to Reduce Depressive Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yatziv Shai-Lee , Pedrelli Paola , Baror Shira , DeCaro Sydney Ann , Shachar Noam , Sofer Bar , Hull Sunday , Curtiss Joshua , Bar Moshe
Published: September 2024

Background

The constant rise in the prevalence of major depressive disorder calls for new, effective, and accessible interventions that can rapidly and effectively reach a wide range of audiences. Recent developments in the digital health domain suggest that dedicated online platforms may potentially address this gap. Focusing on targeting ruminative thought, a major symptomatic hallmark of depression, in this study we hypothesized that delivering a digital health–based intervention designed to systematically facilitate thought progression would substantially alleviate depression.

Objective

The study aims to investigate the efficacy of a novel digital intervention on the reduction of depressive symptoms. This intervention was designed as an easy-to-use gamified app specifically aimed to facilitate thought progression through intense practicing of associative, semantically broad, fast, and creative thought patterns.

Methods

A randomized clinical trial was conducted, comparing changes in depression symptoms between participants who used the app in the intervention group (n=74) and waitlist control group (n=27) over the course of 8 weeks. All participants filled out a battery of clinical questionnaires to assess the severity of depression at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks after starting the study. These primarily included the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 as well as the Positive Affect Negative Affect Scale-Negative Affect Score, Ruminative Response Scale, and Symptoms of Depression Questionnaire. Additional questionnaires were implemented to assess anxiety, positive affect, anhedonia, and quality of life.

Results

The results indicate that across multiple clinical measurements, participants in the intervention group who played the gamified app showed greater and faster improvement in depressive symptoms compared with their waitlist control counterparts. The difference between the groups in MADRS improvement was –7.01 points (95% CI –10.72 to –3.29; P<.001; Cohen d=0.67). Furthermore, the difference in improvement between groups persisted up to 4 weeks posttrial (MADRS differences at week 12: F49,2=6.62; P=.003; ηp2=0.21). At the end of the trial, participants who played the app showed high interest in continuing using the app.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate that a gamified app designed to facilitate thought progression is associated with improvement in depressive symptoms. Given its innovative and accessibility features, this gamified method aiming to facilitate thought progression may successfully complement traditional treatments for depression in the future, providing a safe and impactful way to enhance the lives of individuals experiencing depression and anxiety.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05685758; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05685758
Exploring the Qualitative Experiences of Administering and Participating in Remote Research via Telephone Using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Blind: Cross-Sectional Study of Older Adults
Authors: Dumassais Shirley , Grewal Karl Singh , Aubin Gabrielle , O'Connell Megan , Phillips Natalie A , Wittich Walter
Published: September 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a drastic shift in the practice of research and clinical services. It has been noted that cognition measured via in-person versus remote methods differ substantially, and it is possible that subjective and experiential differences exist between modalities.

Objective

The aim of the study is to explore the perceptions of both researchers and older adult participants on the experience of remotely conducted research using a cognitive screener.

Methods

We conducted a thematic analysis of the experience of engaging in remote research from both the participant (n=10) and researcher (n=4) perspectives. The research interaction was framed through teleadministration of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Blind (suitable for telephone administration) and administration of a subsequent semistructured debriefing interview. Participant perspectives were garnered during debriefing interviews, while researcher insights were collected via self-reported qualitative field notes completed following each research session.

Results

Data aggregated into themes of barriers and facilitators from the lenses of both participants and researchers. Participants noted facilitators including short instrument length, convenience, and presession contact; barriers included the length of the interaction, some tasks being more challenging on the phone, and the potential for participant dishonesty. Research assistants noted several facilitators: instrument length, rapport building, ability to prepare for and record sessions, and comfort with the protocol; barriers were items with too many response options, telephone issues (eg, response delays), and concerns about participant comprehension.

Conclusions

These results suggest remote telephone-delivered cognitive screening tools as a feasible and acceptable method of research inquiry. The findings provide a starting point for the inclusion of diverse populations in research to capture underrepresented groups whose input would immensely benefit our understanding of remotely delivered cognitive screening measures. Further, we offer materials (eg, checklists), which can be used in future investigations to promote future inclusive research and increase generalizability.
Evaluating a Virtual Reality Game to Enhance Teen Distracted Driving Education: Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Peterson Colleen M , Visclosky Timothy , Flannagan Carol A , Mahajan Prashant , Gabanyicz Andrew , Bouchard Jean-Jacques , Cervantes Vincent , Gribbin William , Hashikawa Andrew Nobuhide
Published: September 2024

Background

Inexperienced adolescent drivers are particularly susceptible to engaging in distracted driving behaviors (DDBs) such as texting while driving (TWD). Traditional driver education approaches have shown limited success in reducing motor vehicle crashes among young drivers.

Objective

We tested an innovative approach to help address the critical issue of DDB among teenagers. We investigated the effectiveness of using a novel virtual reality (VR) game “Distracted Navigator” to educate novice teenage drivers about DDB.

Methods

The game consisted of maneuvering a spaceship around asteroids while engaging in simulated DDB (eg, inputting numbers into a keypad). A physician-facilitated discussion, based on the theory of planned behavior, linked gameplay to real-life driving. Teenagers were recruited for the in-person study and randomly assigned at the block level to intervention (VR gameplay or discussion) and control groups (discussion only), approximating a 2:1 ratio. Unblinded, bivariate statistical analyses (all 2-tailed t tests or chi-square tests) and regression analyses measured programming impact on TWD-related beliefs and intentions. Content analysis of focus group interviews identified thematic feedback on the programming.

Results

Of the 24 participants, 15 (63%) were male; their ages ranged from 14 to 17 (mean 15.8, SD 0.92) years, and all owned cell phones. Compared to the control group (n=7, 29%), the intervention group (n=17, 71%) was more likely to report that the programming had positively changed how they felt about texting and driving (?218=–8.3; P=.02). However, specific TWD attitudes and intentions were not different by treatment status. Irrespective of treatment, pre- and postintervention scores indicated reduced confidence in safely TWD (ie, perceived behavioral control; β=–.78; t46=–2.66; P=.01). Thematic analysis revealed the following: (1) the VR gameplay adeptly portrayed real-world consequences of texting and driving, (2) participants highly valued the interactive nature of the VR game and discussion, (3) both the VR game and facilitated discussion were deemed as integral and complementary components, and (4) feedback for improving the VR game and discussion.

Conclusions

Our findings show that the novel use of immersive VR experiences with interactive discussions can raise awareness of DDB consequences and is a promising method to enhance driving safety education. The widespread accessibility of VR technology allows for scalable integration into driver training programs, warranting a larger, prospective, randomized study.
A Chatbot-Based Version of the World Health Organization–Validated Self-Help Plus Intervention for Stress Management: Co-Design and Usability Testing
Authors: Fietta Valentina , Rizzi Silvia , De Luca Chiara , Gios Lorenzo , Pavesi Maria Chiara , Gabrielli Silvia , Monaro Merylin , Forti Stefano
Published: September 2024

Background

Advancements in technology offer new opportunities to support vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and women diagnosed with breast cancer, during physiologically and psychologically stressful periods.

Objective

This study aims to adapt and co-design the World Health Organization’s Self-Help Plus intervention into a mobile health intervention for these target groups.

Methods

On the basis of the Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials and Center for eHealth Research and Disease Management models, low-fidelity and high-fidelity prototypes were developed. Prototypes were evaluated by 13 domain experts from diverse sectors and 15 participants from the target groups to assess usability, attractiveness, and functionality through semantic differential scales, the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale questionnaire, and semistructured interviews.

Results

Feedback from participants indicated positive perceptions of the mobile health intervention, highlighting its ease of use, appropriate language, and attractive multimedia content. Areas identified for improvement included enhancing user engagement through reminders, monitoring features, and increased personalization. The quality of the content and adherence to initial protocols were positively evaluated.

Conclusions

This research provides valuable insights for future studies aiming to enhance the usability, efficacy, and effectiveness of the app, suggesting the potential role of a chatbot-delivered Self-Help Plus intervention as a supportive tool for pregnant women and women with a breast cancer diagnosis.
Gut Microbiota Dynamics and Phenotypic Changes Induced by Tetracycline in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Saadjad Zhavira Pradiny , Sartini Sartini , Chairatunnisa Rizkya , Latada Nadila Pratiwi , Mudjahid Mukarram , Nainu Firzan
Published: September 2024

Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in both physiological and pathological processes in humans and animals. Antibiotics, designed to combat bacterial infections, can induce alterations in the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota over prolonged exposure. This study addresses the limited understanding of the connections between gut microbiota and phenotypic profiles of metazoan species. We investigated the impact of early-life exposure to tetracycline in wild-type D. melanogaster, which were fed a standard diet, comparing them to a control group not exposed to tetracycline. The primary objective was to examine the consequences of early-life tetracycline exposure on gut microbiota and its implications for phenotypic profiles, including survival, locomotor activity, and reproduction in adult flies. Results revealed a significant reduction in lactic acid bacteria in adult flies exposed to tetracycline. However, tetracycline exhibited no interference with fly development, allowing them to maintain a normal lifespan. In adult flies, tetracycline significantly decreased the lifespan on day 35 at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL and reduced locomotion on day 27 at concentrations of 10 µg/mL and 1000 µg/mL. Remarkably, tetracycline did not impact the reproductive capabilities of the flies. This study demonstrates that while tetracycline led to a decline in lactic acid bacteria, locomotion, and lifespan in adult flies, it did not disrupt their development or reproductive processes.
Analytical Method Validation and Simultaneous Determination of Ketotifen Fumarate and Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride in Divided Powder by RP-HPLC Method
Authors: Dewi Melynia Sintha , Riswanto Florentinus Dika Octa , Yuliani Sri Hartati
Published: September 2024

Ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine HCl are the most popular prescription for children at “X” hospital in Yogyakarta. The interest for studying this divided powder was related to the stability test towards human health. Hence, it was important to developed a validated analytical method to quantify content of active drug from sample. In this study, a reversed phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method was validated and applied for determining content of ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride in divided powder. The developed RP-HPLC method was met the requirement of selectivity and sensitivity. Calibration curve formulas of ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride were y = 27714x-79111 (r=0.9945) and y = 26324x+72581 (r=0.9935) in the range of 10.9-54.5 and 10.6-53.0 µg/mL, respectively. Accuracy and intermediate precision were assessed on both standard solution and samples spiked with standard solution of ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride. It was found that both standard solution and the spiked samples solution were met the requirement of recovery of 80-110% and RSD of less than 7.3% for intraday and interday analysis. Content of ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride in sample (n=7) were 16.574±0.098 and 30.640±0.035 µg/mL, respectively. It can be concluded that the RP-HPLC method was successfully validated and applied in the determination of ketotifen fumarate and cyproheptadine hydrochloride in divided powder.
Beta-Blocker in Heart Rate Control and Cardio Protection: The Role of ADRB1 Variants and HCN4 Regulation – A Systematic Review
Authors: Niruri Rasmaya , Ikawati Zullies , Nugroho Agung Endro , Arifianto Habibie
Published: September 2024

Elevated heart rate is linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Sinoatrial (SA) nodes, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated-4 (HCN4) channels, and beta1-adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) are responsible for generating the heart rate.  Beta-blockers have a cardioprotective effect on heart failure, including controlling heart rate. However, the responses to beta-blockers can vary among individuals. ADRB1 genetic variability may be contributed to the differential beta-blocker effect in heart failure.  HCN4 also performs a crucial function in the pacemaker cells of the heart. Exploring the effect of beta-blockers in pacemaker cells is expanding the view of their role and their therapeutic response in heart failure. The objectives of this study were to identify ADRB1 genetic variants affecting heart rate response in heart failure subjects with beta-blocker treatment and to explore the effect of beta-blockers on HCN4 channels and SA nodes. A systematic review was performed using three databases. Eight of 668 manuscripts were selected. The systematic review found that ADRB1 genetic variants (A145G (Ser49Gly) and C1165G (Arg389Gly)) can affect heart rate response in beta-blocker-treated heart failure. The study also found that the percentage of patients with the Ser49Ser-Gly389X haplotype achieved a heart rate target was higher than other haplotypes. Individuals with the Arg389Arg genotype necessitated a markedly increased amount of beta-blocker dose to reach the identical heart rate target compared to those with the Gly389X gene variation. In addition, the review found that carvedilol, a beta-blocker derivative, demonstrated beneficial effects in inhibiting HCN-gated channels.  Bisoprolol and carvedilol improved channel regulation in the SA Node by reversing the downregulation of HCN4 and sodium channels.  In general, this systematic review provides important insights into beta-blockers in treating heart failure, specifically concerning the genetic variability of ADRB1 and the beta-blockers effect on the SA node and HCN4 channels.
Formulation of Lotion with Ethanol Extract of Curcuma manga Val. as UV B Sunscreen and Activity Test using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
Authors: Kusumorini Nindya , Zulkarnain Abdul Karim
Published: September 2024

Temu mango (Curcuma manga Val) is a rhizome plant native to Indonesia that contains curcuminoid and flavonoid antioxidant compounds. These compounds are thought to have activity as UV light protectors, especially UV B. This study uses a qualitative test of the compound content in temu mango followed by formulation and activity testing of water in oil (w/o) sunscreen lotion of temu mango in vitro. Optimization of w/o lotion formulation uses Design Expert® (DE) software version 9.0.4.1 with the Simplex Lattice Design method. The DE software obtained 13 runs of w/o lotion formula and continued with physical properties evaluation to determine the optimum formula. The optimum formula of lotion w/o predicted by DE software was tested for physical stability for four weeks, SPF test, percent pigmentation, and percent erythema using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of the study show that temu mango extract was found to provide an SPF value at a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL with an SPF value of 16.62. The results of the optimum formula of lotion w/o were 7%glycerin, 7% cera alba, 5% cetyl alcohol with a value of stickiness of 0.70 ± 0.03 seconds, spreadability of 13.20 ± 0.83 cm2, and viscosity of 95.19 ± 3.06 dPa.s. Referring to the storage results, the optimum formula of w/o lotion from temu mango extract was stable during one month of storage. The w/o lotion in the optimum formula produced an SPF value of 15.06 ± 0.39, percent erythema of 10.95%, and percent pigmentation of 10.41%.
The Impact of Online Opinion on Justice: Two Cases in Comparative Law Perspective
Authors: Shuang He
Published: September 2024

In the early stages of the judicial process, trials were characterized by a pursuit of independence and justice, with judges adhering strictly to legal statutes and delivering judgments that aligned with legal logic. However, as today's digital landscape evolves, Internet users engage with the judiciary in distinct ways; they communicate online, actively voice their opinions, and gradually cultivate a representative form of public opinion on the web. As the impact of online public sentiment on judicial administration grows stronger, it increasingly exhibits a tendency to exert dominance. While the independence of the judiciary remains unquestionable, certain explosive instances of online public opinion also highlight pressing societal issues that warrant attention and cannot be overlooked. Using two well-known cases as an entry point, we will compare how networked public opinion influences justice differently in Japan and China. This analysis will delve into the underlying jurisprudence while seeking solutions tailored to China's national context. The goal is to foster positive interaction between these two realms—leveraging the constructive influence of online public opinion on judicial processes—and ultimately enhance China's judiciary system.