bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Applicable Spans and Static Performance of the Suspension Bridges Using CFRP Cables
Authors: Jiang Yang , Jia Li Jun
Published: June 2011

Bridge constructions of crossing wider sea straits allow the span of suspension bridge to move forward unceasingly, but the self-weight stress of the traditional high-strength steel as the material of main cable accounts for the ratio of allowable stress will be increasing with the growth of main span.That will limit the main span and load-carrying efficiency.Due to its high tensile strength,small mass density,excellent corrosion and fatigue resistant ability,the carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) is the ideal material for the main cable of suspension bridge.In this paper, the feasibility of applying CFRP materials in the suspension bridges was proved and the applicable spans for the suspension bridges with CFRP cables were also provided.
Study on Rapid Closure Technology of Long Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Tan Dong Lian , Wang Deng Ke , Lu Wen Ru , Zhang Long , Lin Xin Yuan
Published: June 2011

The choice of closure order of long span prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge is the key part on its construction procedure, which has a big influence on the gross force and alignent of the whole structure. On the Basis of the Hanjiang bridge, the paper studies the closure order of long span prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge and its system transformation procedure as well as the effect of jacking force etc. It shows that the technique of the midspan and the sidespan close at the same time not only meets the requirement of allowable internal force, but also has the benefit of shorten the construction period as well as reducing the degree of construction difficulty.
Research on the Installation Lengths of Zero Block Concrete Segment in Prestressed Concrete Box-Girder Beams with Corrugated Steel Webs
Authors: Zhao Pin , Ye Jian Shu
Published: June 2011

In order to study the reasonable installation lengths of zero block concrete segment in prestressed concrete box-girder beams with corrugated steel webs, a numerical analysis on the length of different zero blocks in PC box girder beams with corrugated steel webs is made by the finite element software ANSYS. The influence of the installation lengths of zero block concrete segment on the structure control section's internal forces and deformation is discussed. The results indicate: the impact of length changes of zero block on box girder deflection is greater than its impact on internal forces; in terms of deflection, the displacement influence in quarter-section in middle span is the largest; and in terms of internal forces, the internal forces influence of the junction section formed by zero block concrete segment and beam segment with corrugated steel webs is the largest. According to the above results and the relevant information of constructed bridges, the reasonable setting length of zero block concrete segment has been provided, that the ratio L0/L of installation lengths and span for zero block of box girder should be in the range of 0.05 to 0.10.
Structure Analysis of Large Rectangle Aqueduct during Construction and Operation Periods
Authors: Bai Xin Li , Wang Dan Fei , Fan Yuan Yuan , Yu Wei
Published: June 2011

Using large structure analysis software, the stress and displacement are calculated for Shuangji River rectangle aqueduct structure during construction and operation periods. The 19 different load combination cases are considered. The variation rule of mechanics behavior is obtained for concrete material during different load combination period. The simulation results show that the conventional method simulating prestress can lead to stress concentration in the point the force is acted on. It is a relatively good simulation method to add a steel plate to the area where the prestressed strands are acted on. In this way, the local stress concentration can be reduced. When use pseudo-static method for calculation of the seismic load, the load case considering the seismic load is a control load case. The Shuangji River aqueduct can meet the requirement of intensity and rigidity during construction and operation periods.
Research of Longitudinal Seismic Response of Self-Anchored Cable-Stayed Suspension Bridge under Pile-Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Miao Feng , Bo Wang , Ping Guan
Published: June 2011

Based on scheme of Dalian gulf cross-sea bridge, in this paper, a 3-dimensional FE model for Self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge is established with finite element program and pile-soil-structure interaction is simulated by use of the equivalent embed fixation model. Based on the FE model, model analysis is carried out and the effects of pile-soil-structure interaction on dynamic behavior of long-span self-anchored cable-stayed suspension bridge are specially studied. The seismic response analysis result considering that pile-soil-structure interaction was compared with that of without considering such interaction. The analysis result show that interaction extend the nature period of structure, has the greatest impact to the first vibration mode; meanwhile, enlarged longitudinal displacement and moment of stiffening beam in middle of main span, longitudinal displacement on top of tower and axial force at bottom, but reduced the moment of tower at bottom. The research results provide some theoretical foundation to composite structure system.
Correlation Analysis on Frost Heaving Ratio of Subgrade Soil and Plasticity Index under Freeze-Thaw Cycles
Authors: Liu Han Bing , Wang Jing , Wu Chun Li , Feng Kai
Published: June 2011

Three kinds of subgrade soils with different plasticity index are selected from seasonally frozen soil region. Frost heaving ratio of volume and height was performed on the samples exposed to 0 to 8 times closed-system freeze-thaw cycles. The results show that concerning the same kind of soil, the frost heaving ratio increases with the number of freeze-thaw cycles; Frost heaving ratio increases with plasticity index under the same number of freeze-thaw cycles. Multiple nonlinear fitting is adopted for test data. The relationship between frost heaving ratio and plasticity index, freeze-thaw cycles is obtained and shows a good correlation. The relation can provide useful reference for subgrade design and construction in seasonally frozen soil region.
Experimental Behavior of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tube of Mid and Long Columns Subjected to Eccentric Compression
Authors: Wang Bin
Published: June 2011

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the mechanic behavior of 9 concrete-filled square steel tube columns (CFSST) subjected to eccentric loading. The primary parameters of the specimens are eccentricity ratios, slenderness ratios and concrete strength. The results showed that the eccentricity ratios and slenderness ratios are the primary factors to influence the load-bearing capacity of CFSST columns, with the increase of eccentricity ratios and slenderness ratios, the limit load-bearing capacity reduced gradually. The influence of concrete strength to load-bearing capacity decreased gradually with the increase of eccentricity ratios and slenderness ratios.
Studies on Effective Width of Continuous Composite Beam of Arch Bridge
Authors: Su Qing Tian , Wang Wei
Published: June 2011

Steel and concrete composite girder began to be used in arch bridge. For the existing of shear lag, the concrete deck in same cross section did not bear identical stress completely. No stipulations for effective width of concrete deck of composite beam in arch bridge are given in current design specifications and codes, which causes difficulties in analyzing the mechanical behavior of composite arch bridge by beam-column method. In this paper, the mechanics calculation for a multi-span arch bridge with continuous composite beam is conducted. Stresses distribution pattern of concrete deck in transverse direction and the variation of effective width of concrete in longitudinal direction are studied. The degree of impact of effective width caused by varying loads on structure and by varying some details on structure is discussed.
Survey and Analysis of Exiting Reinforced Concrete Ribbed Arch Bridges
Authors: Chen Ke , Song Jian Yong
Published: June 2011

Reinforced concrete ribbed arch bridges are applied widely in China, especially in mountain areas of southwest China. After many years of operation, some distresses and damages occur of this kind of bridges. There are 100 bridges of this style are generally surveyed and 49 of them with typical distresses are investigated in details on site. Based on it, characteristics and rules of distresses are classified and summed up, and the reasons of them occurrence are analyzed. This process is expected to provide reference and evidence for design, construction, maintenance and strengthening of this kind of bridges, and establish a foundation for further research.
Effects of Local Deck Removal on the Mechanical Behavior of Wide Box Composite Girder Bridge
Authors: Su Qing Tian , Wang Dong Fang , Yang Guo Tao
Published: June 2011

The concrete decks in wide box composite girder bridge carrying vehicle load directly are easy to failure. So the decks in approach bridge of Jiubao Bridge are designed to renewable component. Several deck removal plans were put forward based on the structure characteristics of the Jiubao bridge. Spatial finite element model of the bridge was set up and the responses of approach bridge under different removal plan were analyzed. The analysis results show that methods proposed in this paper about deck removal in local position or in whole span are feasible; however different whole span removal method affect the mechanical behavior of the approach bridge heavily.
Reliability Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures of the Fuzzy Evaluation Model
Authors: Chen Jian Qiang , Li Wen Bo , Zhao Jin Huan
Published: June 2011

Based on the fuzzy manthematics theory,two-grade fuzzy comprehensive judgement used in reinforced concrete structure reliability appraisal is studied, the fuzzy comprehensive appraising model of structure reliability is founded. The paper supplies a fuzzy evaluation model for reinforced concrete fuzzy comprehensive judgment from qualitative analyze to quantificational analyze.
FEA of Deck Corner Cracking on Skewed Bridge Structures
Authors: Zhuang Yi Zhou , Fu Gong Kang , Ji Tao , Chen Bao Chun
Published: June 2011

Based on a nationwide survey and deck inspection in Michigan, the phenomenon of more severe corner cracking on skewed bridge decks was commonly observed. A series of FEA by DIANA were carried out to identify the possible causes and viable cures for such cracking. Prior to the FEA, the accuracy of FEM modeling was calibrated by two skew bridge decks instrumented using temperature and strain sensors for the deck concrete and the ambient environment. Test and FEA results found that the cracking has been mainly caused by thermal and shrinkage stress, and that possibly propagated and worsened by repetitive truck wheel loading. According to current Michigan practice of skew deck design and construction, additional reinforcement in the corner areas is therefore recommended to reduce concrete stresses. Further research is also recommended to develop solutions using optimal combinations of ingredients in concrete and to minimize the constraint between the deck and the supporting superstructure.
Application of Improved Genetic Algorithm in the Optimal Design of Wind-Induced Vibration
Authors: Qiang Yue , Li Li , Li Jin You , Jian He
Published: June 2011

This essay is to obtain the optimal parameter of building structure with turned mass damper(TMD)based on the constraint of comfort and power reliability under random wind loads. Firstly, the analytical solution for the acceleration of wind-induced response of the structure of the first-order model associated with the comfort r is got. Secondly, according to Extreme Value Theory of random process, the average maximum wind-induced displacement of the cont of the stucture with TMD or without TMD as the sign of the result of reducing vibaration.dntrolled structure is acquired. Thirdly, define the average ratio of the maxium wind-induced displacemeampers of the structure with TMD or without TMD as the index of the result or reducing vibaration. Finally, the improved genetic algorithm is used to gain the optimal parameters of TMD.Therefore, a general method for the optimal design of TMD dampers structure based on the constraint of comfort and dynamic reliability are established. The research studies have shown that the method can be used to obtain effectively the optimum parameters of TMD devices.
Effect of Radius of Curvature on Seismic Response of Curved Bridge
Authors: Wang Bo , Liu Yu Xiang
Published: June 2011

A four span curved HcontinuousH HboxH-girder bridge is used as an engineering example to investigate the effect of radius of curvature on the seismic response of curved bridge. Numerical models with different radii of curvature are created using the finite element analysis program Midas/Civil. The calculation results obtained from response spectrum method show that radius of curvature is an important parameter to curved bridge. When the radius of curvature is large enough, the relationship between seismic response of main girder and radius is approximately linearity, while nonlinear variation is obtained when theradius is not too large. Finally, conclusions are made that seismic design of Hstraight bridgeH unHfoldHed from curved bridge which radius of curvature is specified could Hsatisfy the engineering Hrequirement.
A Note on the Equivalent Modulus of Elasticity of Stay Cables
Authors: Xiao Yi , Zhuo Wei Dong , Fan Li Chu
Published: June 2011

A new equivalent modulus of elasticity of stay cables is derived based on previous research works. The result of the proposed formula is close to Ernst’s formula and can be regarded as a theoretical supplement of existing works. Compared with the preset formula and other related works, Ernst’s formula is a proper choice for the equivalent modulus of elasticity of stay cables.
Coupling Analysis of Slip and Deformation of Steel Reinforced Concrete Beams
Authors: Fu Guo
Published: June 2011

Analysis of steel surface interfacial bond stress-relative slip constitutive relationship in simply supported steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beams tensile region and compressive zone, a simplified calculation model is presented. The interface slip and the effect of the slip on the deformation of steel reinforced concrete beam under uniformly distributed loads are studied. Using elastic deformation theory, a set of analytical expressions for interfacial slip and deformation of simply supported SRC beams are obtained. These expressions can not only describe the interface slip distribution, but also account for its effect on the deformation. The present theoretical analysis bench-mark finite element analysis of load bearing capacity and deformation of SRC beams.
Transverse Vibration Research for Railway Deck Steel Plate Bridges before and after Reinforcement
Authors: Li Wen Ping , Ren Jian Ying , Su Mu Biao
Published: June 2011

In this paper, the vehicle-bridge transverse vibration mechanism was analyzed; the vehicle-bridge vibration model was built and the transverse reinforcement schemes of open steel plate bridges were designed. Numbers of analysis were carried out for the transverse vibration of 40m deck steel plate bridges before and after reinforced, under input of random artificial hunting waves and track irregularity. The results show that when the hunting wavelength is 8.5m and the velocity of the train is around 50.4~75.6, the transverse amplitudes decrease differently after reinforcement. The effectiveness of various reinforcement types is evaluated by using the computer simulation programs.
Effect of Shear Lag on the Long-Term Performance of Long-Span PC Box Girder Bridge
Authors: Niu Yan Wei
Published: June 2011

The analysis and mechanism of excessive long-term deflection of long-span prestressed concrete (PC) box girder bridges is concentrated recently. However, because of the lack of computing method, three dimensional (3D) analysis of PC continuous bridge especially including long-term shear lag effect is hard to analyze. According to this, a 3D creep analysis method for long-span PC bridges is illustrated in this paper first. The shear lag analysis of loads, prestress and their combination effect is carried out respectively. Based on this, the effect of shear lag to the long-term deflection of mid-span and whole-shape of the bridge is demonstrated. At the end, the different of computing between analysis with or without considering shear lag is discussed and some suggestion is proposed.
Fatigue Truck Load and Fatigue Life Evaluation of Concrete Bridges for Shaanxi Province
Authors: Wang Chun Sheng , Li Gan , Guan Guo Dong , Wang Yu Jiao
Published: June 2011

In the past ten years, considerable increases in traffic volume and vehicle loads have caused obviously fatigue damage in existing highway reinforced concrete bridges in China. Some highway reinforced concrete bridges were damaged seriously, leading to the whole bridge collapse sometimes because of overloading and oversize trucks. In order to observe the highway load character in Shaanxi province, truck weigh device is set up in highway pavement to measure axle weights and axle spacing. Based on these data, it can be classified and generalized the different classes of vehicles, and drawn out the simplifying fatigue truck model in Shaanxi province. Furthermore, the fatigue truck model was used to evaluate the fatigue life and service safety of typical concrete bridges.
Bending Experimental Investigation for Concrete-Filled Rectangular Tubular Flange Composite Girders
Authors: Wang Chun Sheng , Zhai Xiao Liang , Zhu Jing Wei
Published: June 2011

A new steel-concrete composite girder which is an I-shaped girder with concrete-filled rectangular tubular flange was proposed in this paper. The web depth of the new composite girder is reduced, and lateral torsion buckling stiffness is improved, which can increase the buckling capacity of the girder. In order to study the bending capacity of concrete-filled rectangular tubular flange composite girders (CFRTFCG), the static tests of CFRTFCG with flat and corrugated webs under concentrate lateral loads had been performed. Based on the test results, the bending limit load capacity and mechanical behavior of the specimens were obtained, the bending failure mechanisms of CFRTFCG were also summarized.
Shear Resistance Study of Hybrid I-Beams Fabricated by HPS 485W and Q345 Steels
Authors: Duan Lan , Zheng Li , Wang Chun Sheng , Hu Jing Yu
Published: June 2011

This paper evaluates the shear resistance of hybrid I-beams fabricated by high performance steel and conventional steel. A number of hybrid I-beams are modeled and analyzed to determine their shear failure mechanism characteristics, considering parameters of web slenderness (hw/tw), frame action from end-stiffeners, ratio of flange width to web depth (bf/hw) and panel numbers. The analyses conclude that, in shear resistance calculation, plate beam with inter and slender webs often fail in inelastic or elastic shear buckling while ultimate shear resistance of compact webs is given by the shear strength of the material. What’s more, more rigid stiffeners provide more fixity to flange plates and increase the post-buckling resistance of plate beam. For plate beam with several panels, the shear stress at the ultimate load is similar. Finally, the I-beams with larger flange width to web depth ratio would develop larger shear strengths and then shear deformation cause formation of plastic hinges.
Experimental Research on Raw Soil Structure in Yunnan Province
Authors: Tao Zhong , Qin Liang Bin , Pan Wen , Yang Xiao Dong , Bai Yu
Published: June 2011

Experimental study on the behavior of Single Adobe, Rammed Earth Wall, Single modified adobe block, modified adobe wall and Reinforcement of Bamboo Rammed-earth Wall is put forward in this paper. The experiments include compression, shear and bending test of single adobe, and uniaxial lateral loading test of rammed earth and modified adobe wall and reinforcement of bamboo rammed-earth wall. The mechanical properties of the specimens are obtained through test. The test and research will offer a technological support for the Chinese Government started the Rural House Earthquake Safety Project（RHESP）and formulation of the code for seismic design of rural buildings.
Optimization of Building Envelope and Heating System in Heating Areas in Northern China
Authors: Jie Peng Fei , Li De Ying , Zhu Neng
Published: June 2011

Building energy consumption (BEC) accounts for a large proportion in the whole energy consumption, and heating energy consumption (HEC) in the proportion of BEC is the largest in heating areas in northern China. How to take effective measures to reduce heating energy consumption has become an urgent problem needs to be solved in the building energy conservation work. Existing buildings and heating system in heating areas in northern China was studied, which helped to give the heating model on the heating energy consumption. Based on the heating model, related factors influencing the heating energy consumption were studied. And effective measures used to reduce HEC were proposed, which provided a reference and basis for the optimal design and operation of building envelope and heating system in heating areas in northern China.
G-Level Open Space - a Case Study of NFHY Community in Chong Qing
Authors: Li Xu Jia , Deng Zhi Yong , Zhang Ye
Published: June 2011

G-level open space is an effective way to create more open space for public congregation and community life in densely populated cities like Chong Qing, and compact neighborhoods like NFHY. One prototype for modern G-level open space of NFHY was the traditional housing in southeast China; the other was the worldwide modern architectural movement, especially Le Corbusie’s work. Compared to other kinds of open space, G-level open space is distinctive in its dualism; it has the qualities of both interior space and public space. Findings in NFHY show that, with it peculiar space quality, G-level open space integrated private life and public life, making the space more attractive to the residents, especially seniors and children. In order to encourage the developers to incorporate more of this kind of open space in their projects, the government needs to make some compromise on building regulations.
Simulation for the Interior Natural Ventilation Condition of the United Habitation in Marseilles
Authors: Zhang Tong Yu , Zhu Xiao Tian , Shang Yu Hang
Published: June 2011

The United Habitation in Marseilles is the master wok of Le Corbusier, the well-know architect. Over the fifty years of its existence, the researches concentrate on its light and shadows and color scheme of the facades, etc. However, the most important original intent of the designer is the optimization of the indoor thermal environment, especially the use of cross ventilation. As green building has drawn more and more attention nowadays, this article will focus on the indoor natural ventilation conditions of two standard cells of the Marseilles Unit, which are known as the ‘upper E’ apartment and the ‘lower E’ apartment, by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. Compared with the data of Middle corridor type dwelling, verify the superiority of its architectural layout.
Numerical Simulation for Stress Field Due to Corrosion of Rebar in Concrete Structure
Authors: Xiao Zhen , Wu Jin
Published: June 2011

Due to the volume expansion of corroded rebar products, the cracking of the concrete cover would occur, and has a serious impact on the durability of the concrete structure. In this paper, a numerical model was established for the simulation of the corrosion of rebar in concrete structures with the aid of finite element analysis software. The distribution of stress in concrete around rebar, that due to the expansion of these corroded rebar products, was obtained. The theory of elasticity method is used to validate the distribution of stress in concrete around rebar. The location of cracks would be predicted by the distribution of stress in concrete around the rebar.
Investigation on Indoor Air Quality of Public Sites in Tainan Area
Authors: Wang Yi Tun , Chiu Jui Chi , Hsu Yi Chyun , Wu Ting Nien , Shen Yun Hwei , Wen Shaw Bing
Published: June 2011

This study selected 21 representative public sites for the survey of indoor air quality in Tainan area, including hospital, school, fitness center, government office, library, theater, transport station, and supermarket. Indoor air quality was first assessed by direct detection apparatus, including CO2, CO, HCHO, TVOCs, bacteria, fungi, PM10, PM2.5, O3 and temperature. Based on the results of walk-through detection, the spatial distribution of indoor air contaminants was further measured in a 24 hour period by the EPA standard method. The detailed measurements illustrated HCHO, O3, PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations are lower than the suggested threshold levels in all public sites. CO2 concentrations at hospitals and school are all exceeding category 1 threshold of 600 ppm. Bacteria exceeding the suggested threshold of 500 CFU/m3 for category 1 and 1000 CFU/m3 for category 2 is popular at most public sites. One fitness center was found exceeding the TVOCs threshold of 3 ppm, and outdoor air can be a potential source. The high levels of CO2 and bacteria were a common indoor air quality problem, and the regulated strategy of crowd control and air conditioning management was required for a healthy indoor environment.
Discussing the Campus Landscape Design from Hargreaves’s Landscape Design Idea
Authors: Yan Fang , Liu Ji Peng , Zhao Shu Ling
Published: June 2011

Through the reorganization, analysis and summary of Hargreaves’s campus overall plan design idea of Cicinnati University, the author carried on the discussion to the existing university campus environment design, then given the explicit mentality and the localization. It will have the enlightenment by the time to the present campus construction and the landscape design, and will be helpful in the outstanding campus landscape formation.
Theoretical Reflection on Disaster Prevention and Reduction in Southwest Mountainous Cities
Authors: Li Yun Yan , Zhao Wan Min , Zhu Meng
Published: June 2011

The disasters in southwest mountainous cities are serious and special, which has wide distribution range and whose relative factors are complicated and fuzzy. The paper analyses two categories, five terms characters of mountain disaster, which supported by statistics data. The relationship between mountain disasters and the construction are closeness. Disaster prevention and reduction to the human settlement construction is basic function, which needs theoretical support by human settlement.
The Research of Urban Plaza Design
Authors: Yan Fang , Liu Ji Peng , Li Ling
Published: June 2011

Discussing the contemporary landscape design of urban plaza based on sorting and analyzing the plaza design of Martha Schwartz. The author aimed at the Landscape Architecture’s character, presented some new proposals to solve landscape design of urban plaza problems, and given out a specific design objective to discussing the theory and methods appropriate for the basic conception “taking man as the center” in the urban design.
Discussion on the Role of Rural Landscape Planning in Socialist New Countryside Construction
Authors: Liu Ji Peng , Yan Fang , Liu Shun Qing
Published: June 2011

Rural landscape planning is the important substance of the China’s socialist New Countryside Construction. Through the analysis of the meaning of the socialist New Countryside Construction and rural landscape planning, this paper probed into the main content of the rural landscape planning, discussed the role of rural landscape planning in socialist New Countryside Construction.
The Research of Urban Public Space Design
Authors: Liu Ji Peng , Yan Fang , Tang Zhen Xing
Published: June 2011

With the rapid development of urbanization process, urban population has had a surge in recent few decades, and the following appeared problem is gradual crowd in cities and potential sense of loneliness appearing in individuals in crowds. Urban public space design is very important because the urban public space is a main place for people to have social contacts and relaxations. Through analyzed and observed hundreds of urban public space, put forward some advice to create successful urban public space.
Function Analysis and Evaluation of the Natural Light Environment in the Gymnasium Based on Value Engineering Theory
Authors: Liu Ying , Yu Ge , Liu De Ming
Published: June 2011

The research was mainly aimed at the hotspot of natural lighting environment of gymnasium design in China, and applied Value Engineering Theory to calculate current and objective function costs of natural lighting environment of gymnasium based on the qualitative and quantitative function analysis. Using Function Analysis Systematic Technique, the relationship between function, cost and value was analysised to seek the lowest costs of natural lighting environment of gymnasium functions. Using the idea of all-life design, and aiming at value pursuit and value realization as the goal of natural lighting environment of gymnasium design, a design idea and theory frame are constructed.
Low-Carbon City and Underground Space Planning in the Mountain City - A Case of Chongqing
Authors: Yuan Hong , Liu Xin Rong , Dai Zhi Zhong , Luo Jiang Fang , Li Peng
Published: June 2011

The city nowadays becomes the home of high concentration of carbon emissions. Hence, the development of underground space can lead to the integration of transportation in urban agglomeration, specifically in mountain cities. However, underground space can be layout as the structure of "Flake-node network" in the core area ,or the structure of "gathering point" in the periphery consequential area .The planning of underground space coordinate the ground city‘s structure of" Multi-center and team-style", and should develop by axis with track.
The Present Situation and Design Strategy of Mountain City's Lake Park - a Case of Lake Park in Three Gorge Reservoir Area
Authors: Li Hui , Yuan Hong , Dong Li Li
Published: June 2011

At present, there are many problems in the landscape design of waterfront area in Chongqing city. With the build of Tree Gorge Reservoir, many lakes were formed, so the landscape of lake park plays very important role in the mountain cities.And for the special features of mountain city,many factors should be considered in the design, such as section analysis, traditional architect culture, ecological landscape and covering building.
Study on Preserving Architectural Heritage in Qingdao
Authors: Liu Chong
Published: June 2011

This article briefly introduces the characteristic architectural heritage in Qingdao, and then shows both the progresses and the deficits of Qingdao’s heritage preservation since implementation of the reform in 1978. The author argues that only depending on the power of the government in the issue of heritage preservation is insufficient. Qingdao should actively promote citizen participation for improving the city’s strength of heritage preservation.
Design of Miniature Scenery of Region Heritage in Expo2011 Xi'an - Planning and Design of Yanan Garden
Authors: Song Gong Ming , Han Xiao Li
Published: June 2011

The garden of Expo2011 Xi’an located in Guangyuntan in Chanba Ecological district of Xi’an, Yanan garden is a garden built up by Yanan governor, It stand on available land on the slopes. With consideration of particular climatic and geological condition of the site, the design not only combine the life with nature, but also Chinese garden with Western principles of landscape .Yanan garden express the basic mode of people and nature in shanbei of Shannxi province.
Analysis on Bearing Capacity of Solid Multibarrel Tube-Confined Concrete Short Columns (CHS Inner and SHS Outer) under Axial Compressive Load
Authors: Zhang Zhao Qiang , Yao Yong
Published: June 2011

By introducing the reduction coefficient of concrete strength and the equivalent restriction reduction coefficient,the non-uniform confinement force of square steel tube to its core concrete is turned to that of equivalent circular steel tube. Then the ultimate load calculation formula for the solid multibarrel tube-confined concrete short columns (CHS inner and SHS outer) is derived based on the Unified Strength Theory(UST),in which the double restriction effect and the decrease of longitudinal stress because of the hoop tensile tension are considered. The influence of intermediate principal stress on the ultimate load is studied and the failure mechanism is discussed. The applicability of the formulas is testified and the results show that the formulas have significance in exerting material potential.
A Preliminary Compare of the Chinese and Western Architecture
Authors: Wu Xue Ping , Zhou Yue Xi
Published: June 2011

Chinese and western architecture art, often be summed up with a "stable" and "change". This article tries to architectural culture, building materials, construction space layout and construction from four aspects of development of Chinese and western architectural art characteristics were analyzed.
Space Design of Business Buildings Base on the Different Gender Shopping Behavior
Authors: Tang Jing
Published: June 2011

This paper discussed the different shopping behavior of gender in commercial building. On the base of the previous research on the physiological and shopping psychological characteristic of gender, summarize the difference of the shopping frequency, shopping time, choosing alternatives place, purchasing mode and behavior pattern of gender in commercial building, and give the dissimilarity on the requirement of the denoting system in commercial building. Through lots of the accessing records, observing shopping behavior, investigating questionnaires and testing on the physical environment, analyzes the data by using the statistical software STATISTICS and SPSS in the research. By using the physical instruments to test the indoor environments of commercial building, the paper gives the scientific attestations for the research results. The research provides the new ideas for the designing the commercial building, and make the commercial building vary humanness.
Study on Construction Control of Project Manager
Authors: Zhang Xiang Rong
Published: June 2011

This document aims at the vital role of project manager in current engineering project,as well as the project manager's special position in construction process. Combined with the thoughts and experiences of many years’ construction practice, this paper expounds the responsibilities in project management, such as on-the-spot production, planning, quality, security, progress, civilized construction and the coordination of relationship these seven principles, it also makes the corresponding request.
The Study on Audio Oriented System of the Track Transportation Subway Spaces
Authors: Zhang Ye , Deng Zhi Yong , Li Xu Jia
Published: June 2011

Nowadays, the subway spaces usually combine visual sense with auditory sense organs together to do orientation. From the universal design point of view, the article pointed that we should put more attention to the audio oriented message’ transition. In the meantime, the author proposed that each critical area should use sound symbols classification through analyzing on the perceptive characteristics of auditory sense combined with emotional semantics. In addition, this article gave some ideas on the establishment the audio oriented system in subway space and looked forward to its future. The audio oriented method is a beneficial supplement to the visual identity system that especially can provide the disabled person with more ways to get oriented information.
Carbon Emissions Calculation Model of Building Based on PAS2050
Authors: Yan Xiao Fei , Meng Yan
Published: June 2011

Building has been the main field of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the world. Carbon emissions are one of the critical factors of the greenhouse gas effects. With the rapid development of urban construction in China, carbon emissions of building are much more important both in theory study and in practice guiding. This paper deplores the carbon emissions methodology about the Specification PAS 2050:2008, which is for the assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services, and builds a carbon emissions calculation model of the whole life cycle of building according to the relevant research results and the characteristics of building products.
Material Management System Based on Daily Work
Authors: Kim Sang Chul , Kim Yong Woo
Published: June 2011

The purpose of this paper is to introduce material management system based on daily schedule management. The backbone is a scheduling system that adopts a production planning system as well as a project scheduling system. The lowest level in the scheduling system is the daily schedule management, which is linked to material management system. The paper focuses on the material management and scheduling systems to implement a material “pull” system for reducing materials inventories on site. Benefits and challenges of material management and scheduling systems are discussed through interview with managers and engineers.
Strengthening Analysis on Tenon-Mortise Joint of a Face Beam in Tai-He Palace in the Forbidden City in China
Authors: Zhou Qian , Yan Wei Ming
Published: June 2011

To protect Chinese ancient building,by theoretical calculation and finite element simulation sinkage as well as strengthening method on tenon-mortise joint of a face beam in Tai-He Palace in the Forbidden City were studied.2 strengthening methods were considered,by which calculation diagrams as well as finite element models for the beam were built and static analysis were carried out.Based on analysis results,displacement as well as stress distributions of the face beam before strengthened were obtained;Based on laws of cultural relics protection,the 2 strengthening methods were discussed and the more suitable one was selected.Results show that the main cause of sinkage of the face beam tenon relates closely to over great values of bending,tension as well as shearing stress values at the tenon-mortise joint position;The method that strengthening tenon-mortise joint by additional columns under the face beam may bring adverse effects to the substructure,however the method of using steel-wood composite system to strengthen the joint is more suitable which meets the demand of cultural relics protection.
Analysis of Primary Aluminum Composite Panel Gypsum Board Construction Method Paste
Authors: Zhang Xiang Rong , Li Lu
Published: June 2011

Gypsum board as the basis, combined with double-sided adhesive sponge and neutral silicone adhesive connection, this method using gypsum board as the primary fire to A-level, affordable. With high construction speed, short construction period, it can save money and meet the quality requirements and bring greater economic benefits to investors. Therefore, the gypsum board primary aluminum plate construction method paste will be introduced to more and more application.
Strategy of Adaptable Renewal Planning on Culture-Led Existing-Blocks in the Main City of Chongqing
Authors: Xu Yu Hui , Xu Jia
Published: June 2011

Culture-led urban regeneration is an influential planning strategy in Western countries, which is to maintain the city character while enhancing the overall competitiveness of the city through the construction of cultural development to meet the urban environment of the new cultural needs. For the moment, the rapid development of social economy of Chongqing has accelerated its urbanization process. As one of the available land stock resources of urban, existing-blocks need updating to meet the new environmental requirements immediately because of physical and functional decline. So it is essential to consider the strategy of culture-led urban regeneration synthetically. It can not only maintain the social network structure and neighborhood relationship of the existing-blocks to continue urban context while improving its image, but also provide a sustainable competitive city. Taking existing-blocks in Chongqing as the main research object, analyze the current characteristics of the existing-blocks, then put forward the culture-led planning strategy from macro, micro and mid-scale to adapt the development of Chongqing existing-blocks by drawing on the experience at home and abroad.
The Research on "Urban-Rural Field and Park" Planning Mode of Chongqing New Countryside Construction – Taking Qianqiu Village as a Case on Study
Authors: Xu Yu Hui , Huang Ying , Luo De Cheng
Published: June 2011

Based on the overall urban-rural development, through analyzing the issues and their causes during the exploration of Chongqing new countryside construction, the paper discuss a new mode of “urban-rural field and park” planning in countryside construction. Taking Qianqiu Village as a case on study, the article proposes the planning mode which is coordinating of “three types of plans” as guarantee, interacting primary with tertiary industry as guidance, combining function and industry to efficient land use, taking a cluster layout of "House - Park - Field" to integrating rural landscape. So as to resolve the abuse caused by urban-rural spatial differentiation, integrate urban-rural living, production, and promote urban-rural development.
Forecasting the Future City & Building by Analyzing the Future Oriented Neologisms & SF Movies with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Authors: Chin Kyung Il
Published: June 2011

Everyone wants to know the future society. So many people suppose the future by various methods. This study supposes the future city and building by analyze the neologisms and S.F. movie with Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. We select the 12 movies and search the remarkable scenes in the view point of architecture or city. Then, we analyze the character of scene by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. And also we select & analyze the neologisms with same method. Movies and neologisms are not same in expression philosophy. Because movie want to earn money but, neologism want to talk the society. As a result, physiological needs or love/belonging needs are low element but safety, esteem and actualization needs are frequently appeared.
Analysis of Landscape Design of Green Space of University Students' Living Area from Environmental Psychology - a Case Study of Chang'an Campus of a University in Xi'an
Authors: Chen Xin , Yu Jun Hua
Published: June 2011

The green space of students’ living area is an important part of Chinese university campus. It has a close relationship with students’ daily life, study and amusement. In recent years, as the campus has been being newly-built or rebuilt, green spaces in students’ living area have been greatly improved. However, a survey shows that many students are not satisfied with these green spaces. In order to find out problems existing in landscape design of these green spaces, this paper, from the perspective of environmental psychology, investigated and analyzed students’ behaviors and corresponding psychology in these green spaces by taking Chang’an campus of a university in Xi’an as a case. On this basis, this paper attempts to conclude experiences and lessons in designing green spaces of students’ living area, and hopes to provide some useful references for the design of campus landscape.
The Optimization Design of Traditional Dwelling House in Loess Plateau - a Case Study of New Countryside Cave Dwelling House in Yan'an City
Authors: Wu Yi , Li Hui Fen
Published: June 2011

This paper shows us the concept of remodeling traditional cave-houses in frigid climate of Loess plateau, and the optimization design through study and practice on a common housing project in Yan’an has proved that designers should pay attention to the regional characteristics in both function and space. To achieve the goal of creating high comfort with low consumption, economic efficiency with less earthwork, designers should also aim at incorporating the specific local climate with architectural adaptability by combining the domestic low-cost technology with active design optimization.
The Quasi-Static Analysis for Two-Dimensional Thin Plates
Authors: Chen Li , Bai Yang
Published: June 2011

The eigenfunction expansion method is introduced into the numerical calculations of elastic plates. Based on the variational method, all the fundamental solutions of the governing equations are obtained directly. Using eigenfunction expansion method, various boundary conditions can be conveniently described by the combination of the eigenfunctions due to the completeness of the solution space. The coefficients of the combination are determined by the boundary conditions. In the numerical example, the stress concentration phenomena produced by the restriction of displacement conditions is discussed in detail.
Control of a Spring Pendulum with Single-Frequency Excitation
Authors: Xiao Han , Tang Jia Shi , Yan Wei
Published: June 2011

Spring pendulum with single-frequency excitation can be expressed in a group of complicated nonlinear equations. Bifurcation of the spring pendulum with single-frequency is studied in this paper, feedback controllers are designed, analysis method is used to obtain the control equation of excited system, and the relationship function between control parameters and bifurcation is gained. This acts as an implementation of feedback control method to saddle-node bifurcation control, and also brings average method to numerical calculation of multiple-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system.
Dynamic Response of Stiffened Plate under Underwater Contact Explosions
Authors: Zhang Jing , Shi Xing Hua
Published: June 2011

In order to study the dynamic responses of stiffened plate under underwater contact explosions, the FEM code LS-DYNA is used to discuss the problem, six different stiffened plates are included. The stiffened plate’s distortion, the size of crevasses in the numerical simulation are analyzed. The position where the maximum plastic strain appears, the effective stress and acceleration are also described. It is revealed that the deformation of stiffened plate is different with the position of the stiffener, but the stiffener can harmonize and reduce the deformation of plate, and the whole structure will be more safety when it is subjected to explosions. So the research of this paper can be help to the design of steel structure explode resistance.
Identification of MDOF Non-Linear Uncoupled Dynamical Systems Using Hilbert Transform and Empirical Mode Decomposition Method
Authors: Huang Tian Li , Ren Wei Xin , Lou Meng Lin
Published: June 2011

A non-linear dynamical system identification method using Hilbert transform (HT) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is proposed. For a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) nonlinear system, the Hilbert transform identification method is good at identifying the instantaneous modal parameters (natural frequencies, damping characteristics and their dependencies on a vibration amplitude and frequency). For the multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) non-linear uncoupled dynamical systems, the EMD method is attempting for the decomposition of response signals into a collection of mono-components signals, termed intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Considering the IMFs admit a well-behaved Hilbert transform, the HT identification method has been applied for the identification of nonlinear properties. The numerical simulation of a 2-dof shear-beam building model with nonlinear stiffness illustrated the proposed technique.