bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF TRANSPORT LOGISTICS
Authors: Pałęga Michał , Salwin Mariusz , Trzaskowska-Dmoch Adrianna , Jacyna-Gołda Ilona , Hryniewicka Magdalena
Published: January 2024

The paper discusses the issue of road traffic safety as a basic element of transport logistics. The aim of this paper is to identify and analyze road safety risk factors, in particular road accidents. It should be noted that in practice there is not only one cause of road accidents. There is usually a group of successive factors that create some kind of chain of causes. Moreover, the article presents selected statistics illustrating the state of road safety in Po-land in 2020 - 2022.As part of the authors' own research of this article, the following research methods and tools were used: review of literature and legal acts, analysis, synthesis, conclusions. The statistical materials that were used to conduct a diagnosis of the security situation in Po-land in 2020-2022 and indicate directions of actions aimed at improving it turned out to be crucial.
CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN ACHIEVING THE UNITED NATIONS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND 2030 AGENDA
Authors: Sarangi Unmana
Published: January 2024

The research paper entitled “Circular Economy and Its Implications in Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda” is basically a study on the concept and definition of circular economy including its implementation in the advancement of the UN SDGs and the 2030 agenda. The concept of circular economy is very intricate and a complex phenomenon and hence the difficulty in its implementation. In fact, many researchers have defined and studied circular economy in the context of study of business models in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The research study dwells into the concept and definition of circular economy, review of literature on circular economy, methodology adopted in designing and formulating the circular economy for its implementation in achieving the UN SDGs. The study covers aspects such as circular economy as a field, circular economy in the COVID-19 era, adoption of circular economy in business models so as to reduce and recycle waste management, management of sustainable and effective environmental systems, EU legislation and the circular economy and its action plans, circular economy strategies adopted in EU countries, projects implemented on circular economy in EU Member States and the monitoring framework for the circular economy etc., As the Circular Economy (CE) moves up in the agenda of research, policy and businesses, understanding its impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) becomes more important and assumes paramount importance. However, in order that circular economy is effectively implemented, CE strategies must follow one or more of the seven pathways that have been identified: (i) reduced, traceable extraction; (ii) regenerative, bio-based production; (iii) human inclusive industries; (iv) shareable longevity; (v) consumers at the center, not consumerism; (vi) clean and effective end of life, and (vii) reduced and clean energy and transport. Among them, pathways 2, 4, and 6 proved to be the most influential, accounting for the major potential contributions to the SDGs. It is also observed that the CE mostly focuses on products and materials, while the SDGs emphasize on people and places and the environment.
THE CONCEPT OF TAX INCOME.ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE WAYS OF HARMONIZATION PROCESSES
Authors: Bogacki Sylwester , Wołowiec Tomasz , Skowron Łukasz , Sak-Skowron Monika
Published: January 2024

In the development of income tax, the very concept of income was fundamental. Two basic concepts of the concept of income can be distinguished. The first is the concept of the source theory of income aimed at the regular flow of economic values from specific sources, which is historically associated with the English income tax. According to this theory, tax income is a regular surplus derived from fixed sources. A much broader treat-ment is given to income according to the pure wealth accrual theory, which links tax in-come to the accrual of economic disposable income, whether the income is periodic or one-time. The essence of this theory is the economic benefit capacity of an entity obtained over a certain period of time, and calculated by adding up all pure income (revenue) and bene-fits, including one-time benefits (e.g., donations, lottery winnings, etc.) earned during the tax year. The theories presented have had a significant impact on the historical develop-ment of certain types of income tax.The main purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of tax income from the perspec-tive of the possibility and desirability of harmonizing personal income taxation in EU countries.
THE POTENTIAL OF FAMILY BUSINESSES IN TERMS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY
Authors: Czarnecka Agnieszka , Bednarz Marek
Published: January 2024

Family businesses, with their unique structure and culture, can play a pivotal role in simultaneously building and maintaining both economic activity and social capital. According to Janusz Gierszewski's concept, social security is largely dependent on the social capital formed through social values and norms. In family businesses, it is this social capital and family values that are the source of competitive advantage, shaping their identity and ensuring the multi-generational endurance of the family business. The distinctiveness of family businesses is also significant from a research perspective, as the established functioning patterns and structures of SMEs do not align with those of family businesses, necessitating a deeper exploration of the dynamics and obstacles to the development of family businesses. The aim of the article was to identify and systematize the problems of family businesses in relation to their organizational, legal-institutional, financial, and psychological security, and to attempt to answer whether the identified problems are merely challenges that the company can overcome independently, or if they represent a serious barrier to the development of family businesses, insurmountable without external assistance. To answer these questions, we conducted qualitative and quantitative research among family businesses in the Pomeranian Voivodeship participating in the 'Succession with Success' project. The research findings confirmed the long-term approach of family businesses to conducting business and the specificity of their decision-making processes. The research also revealed the particular role of the leader in the enterprise development process and the importance of social capital in shaping its success. It also identified certain management gaps in family businesses that could hinder their further development and economic security. These include a casual approach to procedures, a dominant management model based on interpersonal relationships, and a lack of knowledge about modern management methods. The research results indicate the need for multidimensional support for family businesses in management and the need for in-depth research in the field of social and economic security in the local environment. The practical value of the article lies in formulating recommendations for shaping appropriate tools to support the development and economic security of family businesses, which should be addressed to entities creating the local and institutional environment of enterprises, especially local government bodies.
TWORZENIE BEZPIECZEŃSTWA MILITARNEGO PAŃSTWA NA POGRANICZU IMPERIUM NAPOLEONA 1806-1807
Authors: Ostanek Adam , Mielnik Marcin
Published: January 2024

W niniejszej pracy autor porusza nie zbadaną jeszcze kwestię powołania, organizacji, kosztów, tempa mobilizacji wojsk polskich w 1807 r. podczas pierwszej wojny polskiej. Na wstępie przedstawione zostały okoliczności powołania Komisji Rządzącej, jej skład, kompetencje. Jednocześnie przedstawiono wymieniono każdego dyrektora (ministra). Skoncentrowano się jednak na Dyrektorze Wojny ks. Józefie Poniatowskim. Stworzył on szybko swój resort. Jeszcze w styczniu uchwalono organizację izb administracyjnych dla departamentów i powiatów. Następnie autor zajął się zbadaniem składu każdej legii, ich rozwojem liczbowym. Ciekawą kwestią zbadaną także przez autora są koszty wyposażenia wojsk, koszt ich utrzymania.
PROGRAM GWARANCYJNY BIZNESMAX JAKO INSTRUMENT ZWALCZAJĄCY BARIERĘ DOSTĘPU DO KAPITAŁU DLA SEKTORA MIKRO, MAŁYCH I ŚREDNICH PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW – ANALIZA PRAWNA I EKONOMICZNA
Authors: Zając Adam , Kowalski Dariusz
Published: January 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i ocena funkcjonowania programu gwarancji BiznesMax dla mikro, małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw (MŚP). Przenalizowane zostały aspekty dopuszczalności stosowania tego rodzaju gwarancji, jej zakres a także odziaływanie na gospodarkę. Podstawowym celem badawczym opracowania było ustalenie, czy biorąc pod uwagę zakres odziaływania gwarancji BiznesMax na sektor przedsiębiorstw ma ona uzasadnienie funkcjonowania na płaszczenie ekonomicznej jak i prawnej. W toku przeprowadzonych analiz stwierdzono, że gwarancja BiznesMax jest jednym z kilku istniejących programów gwarancyjnych. Pierwotnie przeznaczeniem gwarancji było ograniczanie barier w dostępie do finansowania a przez to wspieranie rozwoju i działalności gospodarczej innowacyjnych przedsiębiorstw. Jednak wprowadzone w trakcie istnienia programu zmian w kluczowych jego parametrach spowodowały istotne odejście od pierwotnych założeń programu. Zaimplementowane modyfikacje wywołane były zmianami w otoczeniu gospodarczym obserwowanymi w okresie pandemii COVID-19. Spowodowało to dynamiczny wzrost liczby udzielanych gwarancji, jednak udzielane one były głównie jako zabezpieczenie kredytu płynnościowego co spowodowało znaczne upodobnienie do istniejącego już programu gwarancji de minimis. Tak istotne upodobnienie poddaje pod wątpliwość sens istnienia dwóch w tak znacznym stopniu podobnych programów gwarancyjnych, ponieważ powodować może problemy w ich dystrybucji.
CIVIL DEFENCE BUILDINGS IN UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW
Authors: Shpiliarevych Viktoriia , Kośmider Tomasz , Jagusiak Bogusław
Published: January 2024

The article studies civil defence buildings in Ukraine in martial law conditions. As a result of the military invasion of the territory of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, which took place on 24 February 2022, the need has increased to guarantee the structural and personal security. The entities providing civil protection in Ukraine are the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, whose activities are directed and coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Internal Affairs, the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, local state administrations, local governments, business entities and non-governmental organizations. Ensuring the desired level of civil protection, especially against war threats, would not be possible without the existence of special facilities at the disposal of institutions responsible for civil defence, which include warehouses, anti-radiation shelters, quick-build civil defence protective structures, dual-function buildings and the simplest shel-ters. Maintenance of civil defence structures in readiness for use as intended is carried out by their balance owners, users. To summarize the conclusions from the conducted research, it should be stated that the functioning of civil defence facilities in Ukraine, where martial law has been imposed, indicates the proper activity of state in terms of ensuring civil protection of the population against relevant dangerous events (shelling, airstrikes, chemical hazards). This is based on the main provisions of Art. 3 of the Constitution of Ukraine, which states that a person, his life and health, honour and dignity, inviolability and security are recognised as the highest social value in Ukraine.
WRITE-OFF OF TAX ARREARS JUSTIFIED BY IMPORTANT ECONOMIC INTERESTS OF THE TAXPAYER
Authors: Wołowiec Tomasz , Cwynar Wiktor , Skowron Stanisław , Popik-Konarzewska Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

According to Article 67a of the Tax Code, the tax authority may write off a tax arrearage in a situation justified by important interests of the taxpayer or the public interest. Decisions to grant relief from tax liabilities are within the discretion of the tax authority, but cannot be arbitrary. It should be remembered that the public interest is not necessarily the same as the fiscal interest. It is in the public interest for taxpayers to regain financial self-reliance. The institution of remission is an exceptional provision, as it allows tax authorities to remit tax arrears or interest only in exceptional cases justified by important interests of the tax-payer or the public interest. The legislature left it to the tax authorities to assess whether such grounds exist. Therefore, there is no basis for granting relief unless it is supported by "important interests of the taxpayer" or "public interest.".
IMPLICATIONS OF CARBON-BORDER ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM (CBAM) AND ITS RAMIFICATIONS IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND THE UNITED NATIONS 2030 AGENDA
Authors: Sarangi Unmana
Published: January 2024

The research paper entitled “Implications of Carbon-Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and Its Ramifications in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals and the United Nations 2030 Agenda” is an attempt to study the definition, objective, purpose and coverage of implementation of CBAM and its implications in achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the 2030 Agenda. The concept of Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) was conceived and developed by the European Union (EU) across its regions and territories. The CBAM regulation entered into force on 16 May 2023 and was adopted by the EU. According to the EU, the CBAM itself will enter into application in its transitional phase on 1 October 2023, with the first reporting period for importers ending 31 January 2024. It will initially apply to imports of certain goods and selected precursors/sectors/segments/industries whose production is carbon intensive and at most significant risk of carbon leakage: cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen. With this enlarged scope, CBAM will eventually when fully phased in, capture more than 50 percent of the emissions in ETS covered sectors. The objective of this transition period is to serve as a pilot and learning period for all stakeholders i.e. importers, producers and authorities and to collect useful information on embedded emissions to refine the methodology for the definitive period in question.
Does Xbox 360 Kinect Training Improve Postural Balance in Young Healthy Adults? A Preliminary Study
Authors: Grabowicz Marta , Daniluk Anna , Hadamus Anna , Białoszewski Dariusz
Published: January 2024

Background: Balance training in young adults may increase coordination, cognitive function or strength symmetry on both sides of the body. It is an essential tool for injury or fall prevention and a precondition for becoming a professional athlete.
The Effect of Repeated Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Blood Thiol Status in Men Depending on Age and Physical Activity
Authors: Wojciak Gabriela , Szymura Jadwiga , Szygula Zbigniew , Gradek Joanna , Wiecek Magdalena
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The aging process of society is progressing worldwide. It is associated with an increased incidence of old-age diseases accompanied by oxidative stress. Glutathione plays a significant antioxidant role in maintaining physiological prooxidative-antioxidant balance.
Effect of intermittent pneumatic compression therapy and short-stretch bandaging use on the symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: Dolibog Paweł T. , Dolibog Patrycja , Chmielewska Daria
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The treatment of venous leg ulcers is a difficult medical problem both for the patient and health providers.
PENGGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DALAM BIDANG PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Kuncara Tommy , Dewi Wulan  , Raden Roro Shinta  , Adam Huda Nugraha  , Andre Pratama  , Ratih Fitriyatun  , Windi  , Dessy Tri Anggraeni
Published: January 2024

Penggunaan kecerdasan buatan (AI) telah menjadi perbincangan utama dalam inovasi pendidikan saat ini. Artikel ini menguraikan berbagai aplikasi AI yang dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam perguruan tinggi. Salah satu aspek utama yang dibahas adalah penggunaan sistem rekomendasi AI untuk mencari artikel yang saling terkait dalam suatu topik pada jurnal dan menguraikan isi dari jurnal tersebut. Hasil yang kami harapkan adalah agar dapat membantu antar sesama peneliti dan mahasiswa dan bisa mempermudah dan mempersingkat dalam mencari jurnal dan  menguraikan isi.
KEGIATAN PRESERVASI NASKAH KUNO MUSEUM SRI BADUGA KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Solehat Mutiara Susanti , Erwina Wina , Samson Samson
Published: January 2024

Naskah kuno atau manuskrip nusantara merupakan salah satu bagian dari identitas bangsa Indonesia. Naskah-naskah yang ada di Museum Sri Baduga berbagai macam daerah, naskah yang berada disana untuk mendapatkannya melalui sistem hibah, ganti rugi.Arti dari kata preservasi dapat lebih luas dari pada kata konservasi karena konservasi merupakan kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk melestarikan, sedangkan preservasi adalah kegiatan untuk mempertahankan kondisi suatu objek agar tidak rusak dan juga tetap terjaga kelestariannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendakatan kualitatif melalui metode penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian deskriptif merupakan suatu metode penelitian yang menggambarkan karakteristik populasi atau fenomena yang sedang diteliti. Peneliti mengumpulkan berbagai informasi mengenai data kegiatan preservasi naskah kuno di Museum Sri Baduga. Peneliti mengamati dan juga mengkaji berbagai hal untuk dilakukan dalam menjaga kelestarian naskah kuno di Museum Sri Baduga.Di museum Sri Baduga memiliki 164 naskah yang memiliki beragam judul dan masih terus melakukan pengumpulan naskah kuno, salah satunya yaitu reprouksi digital untuk naskah kuno yang tidak mungkin dimiliki karena dimiliki institusi lain. Peneliti mendapatkan berupa meta data daftar koleksi filologika dan juga identifikasi naskah koleksi dari Pamong Budaya Muda. Sebanyak 164 naskah yang ada disimpan di ruangan khusus penyimpanan naskah harus stabil 24 jam pada kondisi ruang 20° celcius dengan intensitas cahaya maksimal 50 lux. Untuk pengecekan di ruang penyimpanan naskah itu tentunya harus di cek setiap hari dari mulai kelembaban suhu, kamper dan juga silica gel dan tentunya menggunakan standar operasional sebelum memasuki ruangan penyimpanan naskah yaitu memakai sarung tangan, masker dan juga memakai jas lab.
Discapacidad visual e inclusión escolar: una revisión sistemática con PRISMA y VOSviewer
Authors: Toala Monge María Emiliar , Rodríguez Zambrano Arturo Damián
Published: January 2024

Una personas con discapacidad visual es aquella que presente una disminución parcial o total de la habilidad para ver. La educación holística de estos estudiantes requiere de adaptaciones escolares y fortalecimiento de la inclusión educativa. La forma en que las personas con discapacidad visual se comunican y acceden a la información ha cambiado gracias a los avances tecnológicos y a la existencia de sistemas de comunicación alternativos. El propósito de esta investigación es explorar la actualidad de la literatura académica sobre la discapacidad visual en el contexto escolar. El trabajo se desarrolló aplicando el protocolo PRISMA, a partir de la revisión sistemática. Después identificar 199 trabajos anémicos, tras la aplicación del protocolo, en base a criterios de contexto, tipo, antigüedad y enfoque, fueron incluidos 19 trabajos en español, provenientes de bases de datos indexadas y repositorios institucionales. El análisis de los metadatos en la herramienta VOSviewer permitió identifica cinco clústeres. Los mismos se enfocan en la integración escolar, uso de tecnologías, motricidad, educación musical y accesibilidad. Se encontró carencia de investigaciones en este campo, lo cual resalta la necesidad de más estudios. Se plantea que las investigaciones venideras se concentren en formar a los educadores para impartir una enseñanza inclusiva y adaptada.
Restrição de Crescimento Intrauterino e os Fatores de Risco Associados no Brasil
Authors: Amorim Gabriela Echenique , Nogueira Leticia Carvalho , Carioca Marcus D’Lucca , Gripp Mariana Silva de Muzio , Santos Mateus Carrijo
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A Restrição de Crescimento Intrauterino é definida como a incapacidade do feto atingir seu potencial de crescimento e pode ser causada por fatores maternos, placentários e do próprio feto. Objetivo: O estudo tem como objetivo trazer grande contribuição social, no intuito de ajudar os setores de saúde no desenvolvimento de ações voltadas para melhoria da qualidade de vida das gestantes, promovendo mudanças de comportamentos prejudiciais ao feto e contribuindo, assim, para reduzir a morbidade e mortalidade infantil. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases Scielo, PubMed e BVS, entre 2010-2020, com os descritores e suas combinações nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa, utilizando os operadores booleanos: “retardo de crescimento fetal” OR “retardo de crescimento intrauterino” OR “restrição de crescimento intrauterino” AND “fatores de risco” AND “restrição de crescimento intrauterino” AND “Brasil”. Após aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram selecionados 10 artigos. Resultados: A análise dos artigos evidenciou que a Restrição de Crescimento Intrauterino está estritamente relacionada à cinco temas: evolução no tratamento pré-natal; fator socioeconômico; baixo peso ao nascer; mortalidade fetal e concentração sérica de leptina, eclâmpsia e HIV. Conclusão: As análises disponíveis sobre as principais categorias relacionadas a RCIU evidenciaram que a falta de acompanhamento pré-natal, situação socioeconômica precária, baixa concentração de leptina durante a gestação, pré-eclâmpsia e infecções virais, como HIV, são fatores de risco presentes para RCIU no Brasil.
Ansiedad, depresión y estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes convalescientes de Covid-19
Authors: Veliz Moreno Zaimara , Núñez Ravelo Edelys , Arencibia Llanes Lisandra , Suarez Castillo Idania Esther , Contreras Tamargo Yolanda
Published: January 2024

Como efecto de la Pandemia de la Covid-19, es previsible que exista un agravamiento de la salud psicológica en la población general. Puede observarse aumento en los niveles de ansiedad y de depresión, dependiendo de los recursos de afrontamiento con que cada persona cuente o de la carencia de ellos. Se realizó un estudio con pacientes convalecientes de Covid-19 en el municipio de Viñales con el objetivo de determinar los niveles de ansiedad, de depresión, y las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas. El estudio tuvo un diseño no experimental, transversal con alcance exploratorio-descriptivo. La selección de la muestra fue no probabilística  y quedó conformada por 77 pacientes. Se emplearon como técnicas la entrevista, el IDARE, el IDERE, y la Escala de  Modos de Afrontamiento de Lazarus y Folkman. Como resultados se identificó un predominio del sexo masculino, el grupo de edades más afectado con 76 % es de 25 a 55 años de edad y el consejo popular más afectado es Viñales. Se evidenciaron   niveles  de ansiedad media como estado y alta como rasgo en el 75%de la muestra, el 86 % presenta niveles de depresión media como estado y alta como rasgo. Las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas fueron centradas en el problema lo cual fue representativo del 90% de los estudiados.
Prevalence and risk associations of mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling elderly people
Authors: Espinosa Ferro Yairelys , Mesa Trujillo Daisy , Llibre Juan Jesús
Published: January 2024

Introduction: mild cognitive impairment includes for its diagnosis memory complaints, preferably corroborated by an informant; memory impairment according to age and education; preserved general cognitive function; intact activities of daily living; and no evidence of dementia. Objective: to determine the prevalence and risk associations of mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling elderly. Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, cross-sectional research from January to December 2019. The population consisted of 150 adults over 65 years of age from the family medical office No.1 of Los Palacios municipality. Results: female sex, age group 80 years and older, medium level of schooling, marital status without a partner, physical inactivity, hypertension, smoking, depression and insomnia were predominant and there were also affectations in immediate and mediate memory. Age and history of stroke were risk factors with statistical significance, while educational level was a protective factor. Conclusions: the preservation of cognitive functions is a necessary condition to develop an independent and productive life, so intervention strategies are needed to improve the quality of life of older adults.
Social support for the elderly. Medical Clinic 3. Viñales
Authors: Arteaga García Arletys , Díaz Pita Gicela , Duarte González Marielis , Rodríguez Hernández Niurka
Published: January 2024

Introduction: the aging of the Cuban population constitutes an important challenge of the present and the immediate future because this population group faces changes and health problems that affect the deterioration of their quality of life. Objective: to evaluate the social support to the elderly in the medical office 3, of the Policlínico Fermín Valdés Domínguez, Viñales municipality, from January 2020 to July 2022. Method: quasi-experimental research was carried out applying an intervention strategy, the universe was formed by 299 older adults of the community, from them a sample was selected by simple random method of 200 older adults, theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used that allowed processing the information in absolute and relative frequencies. Results: the sample was characterized for being predominantly female with 52 %, with an age range between 70 and 74 years, for 25,5 %, most of them had a basic secondary school level completed, were married, retired; they belonged to complete and small nuclear families, the social resources were classified as excellent in 50,5 % and it was found that 51,5 % of the older adults receive somewhat frequent support.Conclusions: the development of a community intervention to increase social support for older adults in clinic 3 contributed to improve the quality of life of this age group by increasing the social resources available to them, their support networks, and decreasing the incidence and decompensation of chronic diseases.
Characteristics of the educational styles of parents/guardians of maladjusted children
Authors: Ramos Prieto Mileiby
Published: January 2024

A descriptive transectional research was carried out, with a parallel mixed design, at the "Epifanio Rojas Gil" Polyclinic, in the period between September and November 2022, with the objective of characterizing the educational styles of the parents/guardians of children who presented school maladjustment. The sample was non-probabilistic, of subject-types, and consisted of the 12 preschool and first grade children who were previously diagnosed with school maladjustment in the first consultation, in the aforementioned period, as well as the 18 parents/guardians who acted as protagonists in the education of these children. The techniques used for the study were: a questionnaire of educational styles and a questionnaire of communication styles to the parents/guardians as well as an interview to the parents/guardians and a cartoon technique and a semi-structured interview to the children in order to corroborate the information obtained. Frequency analysis and methodological triangulation were used to process the information. The most significant results indicated the existence of a predominance of the authoritarian educational style in the parents/guardians, as well as a similarity between the parents/guardians' self-perception of their educational style and the children's perception of this style.
Characterization of some risk factors for suicide attempts in adolescents. La Palma, 2022
Authors: Crespo Morales Anaisa , Marín Hernández Reina Rosa , Rodríguez Avila Roberkis , Rodríguez Avila Roberkis , Peñalver Martínez Erlis
Published: January 2024

Introduction: suicide attempts have increased considerably in adolescents and young people in recent decades, as reflected by studies in various countries. Objective: to characterize the risk factors that were present in adolescents who made a suicide attempt, in the period from January 2020 to November 2022, belonging to the Pedro Borrás Astorga Polyclinic in the municipality of La Palma. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in adolescents who attempted suicide, belonging to the Pedro Borrás La Palma Polyclinic, in the period from January 2020 to November 2022.in order to obtain the data, a visit was made to the Hygiene and Epidemiology and Statistics departments of said polyclinic, in addition, the family medical offices to which these adolescents belong were visited and their individual and family health histories were reviewed, with prior informed consent. Results: a predominance of the female sex was found, and the age group was 15 to 19 years. Most of these adolescents are studying and have a pre-university level of schooling, with a predominance of belonging to dysfunctional families. The main risk factors found were the breakup of love relationships, family conflicts and hereditary family antecedents, with the ingestion of psychotropic drugs being the most frequent method used.Conclusions: the characterization of some of the risk factors present in the adolescents with suicide attempts studied is of vital importance in order to be able to intervene in the reduction of suicidal risk and thus prevent the suicide attempt from being consummated.
Caracterización de la atención a adultos mayores en el Área Intensiva Municipal Los Palacios
Authors: Gort Hernández Magaly , Abdou Iro Aboubacar , Díaz Cruz José Luis , Hernández Hernández Román , Ortega Herrera Odalys
Published: January 2024

Introducción: los múltiples cambios fisiológicos propios del envejecimiento provocan un aumento de la prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas y por ende un incremento de la demanda de los servicios, incluyendo los de urgencias.
Objetivo: caracterizar la atención a adultos mayores en el Área Intensiva Municipal de Los Palacios en el período 2016 - 2021.
Método: estudio descriptivo y transversal; universo 3501 pacientes atendidos en el área en dicho período y muestra 1999 adultos mayores. Se utilizaron medidas de resúmenes para datos cualitativos.
Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino (50,1 %) y las edades de 80 y más años (41 %). El 55,3 % de los pacientes encontró resolutividad en el área y el 5,7 % falleció con una sobrevida del 94,3 %. Se trombolizó el 76 % de los adultos mayores con Infarto Miocárdico Agudo, incumpliéndose con el indicador operacional de trombólisis y de letalidad por Infarto Miocárdico.
Conclusiones: la atención a adultos mayores en el Área Intensiva Municipal se caracterizó por su importante resolutividad y sobrevida a pesar del incumplimiento en indicadores operacionales como la trombólisis y la letalidad por Infarto Miocárdico.
Characterization of adolescent pregnancy. Hermanos Cruz University Polyclinic
Authors: Vaca Kahut Josué David , Cordero González Aliosmi , Serrano Pinet Mabel , Menéndez Fádraga Lisandra
Published: January 2024

Introduction: the impact of adolescent pregnancy begins with the health risks for the mother and her child. Objective: to characterize adolescent pregnancy at the Hermanos Cruz Polyclinic in the period from September 2018 to April 2019. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted; the universe consisted of 56 adolescents who became pregnant during the study period and the sample of 50, was selected by simple random sampling, taking into account inclusion and exclusion criteria, theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were used; the variables to be studied gave output to the research objectives. Results: 66 % of the pregnant adolescents belonged to the age group between 17 and 18 years old, with 76 % of them had unfinished pre-university education, 84 % were housewives and 94 % were cohabitating. One hundred percent were nulliparous, 30 % had an associated vaginal infection, 76 % had a normal nutritional status at the beginning of pregnancy and 94 % had a weight gain at the end of pregnancy between 8 and 16 kilograms, the gestational age at delivery was between 37 and 41 weeks. At the end of the study, an educational strategy was designed to modify this health problem in adolescents.Conclusions: adolescent pregnancy is a health problem that requires follow-up and attention in order to improve the indicators of the maternal and infant program.
Laryngotracheal surgery and exploration in the prevention and diagnosis of laryngeal cancer
Authors: Pacheco Valdés Iliana , Medina Garro Adrián , Hernández Pulido Mariela , Macías Santos Norys de la Caridad
Published: January 2024

The examination of the larynx and as a whole of the upper airway is of vital importance for the management of many entities that generate not only dysphonia, but can also constitute a threat to the patient's life, so a study is conducted with the aim of demonstrating the effectiveness of local anesthesia in surgery and laryngotracheal exploration for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. An applied, longitudinal, prospective and interventional research was conducted at the University Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" in the period from June 2015 to June 2017. A strategy was developed to protocolize and use the described technique. Expert criteria were prepared for its validation. The universe was made up of 37 patients who were seen in ENT consultation, or admitted to the aforementioned hospital, and who, due to their health condition at that time, needed laryngotracheobronchial endoscopic exploration, meeting the inclusion criteria. It was concluded that the protocol was validated according to expert criteria. The procedure was effective in a high percentage of patients, mostly male and from 41 to 50 years old, carriers of dysphonia or inspiratory dyspnea, tumors were the most frequent affections and the technique used is useful and effective, being protocolized and validated, which allows its extension to other services of the province and the country.
Clinical epidemiological behavior of Chronic Kidney Disease in diabetic patients. La Palma, 2022
Authors: Cordero Guzmán Yoselín , Hernández Morejón Eddy , Gallardo Cajiga María del J. , Rodríguez González Yamile , Gutiérrez Sánchez Seferina
Published: January 2024

Introduction: diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable disease that manifests itself as a set of metabolic disorders affecting different organs and tissues and is characterized by an alteration of blood glucose levels. Objective: to determine the clinical epidemiological behavior of chronic renal failure in the diabetic population of the urban area of Pedro Borrás Astorga municipality La Palma in the period from September 2020 to September 2022. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, the universe was constituted by a total of 197 patients dispensed with diabetes mellitus in the period under study. The sample consisted of 132 diabetic patients through simple random sampling, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: in both sexes the incidence of CKD increased with age, with a predominance of men, with a significant number of overweight and obese patients. Patients with a family history of HT and diabetes predominated, with HT and heart disease being the most frequent pathologies in diabetics with CKD. Among the main renal profile disorders, glomerular filtration alterations prevailed, followed by azotemia. Most of the patients had CKD and more than half were in stage III of the disease. The main symptoms and signs in these patients were oliguria, edema and polyuria. Conclusions: the clinical epidemiological behavior of diabetic patients with CKD was determined, which allowed us to propose educational strategies for its prevention.
Clinical epidemiological behavior of ARI in children under 5 years of age. La Palma 2022
Authors: Otero Felipe Eduardo , Carrasco López Madelyn , Rodríguez Sánchez Jeima , Bravo Sánchez Anyeli , Carrasco Lemus Rebeca
Published: January 2024

Introduction: acute respiratory infections constitute a public health problem of great magnitude and consequences for the vulnerable population. Objective: to characterize the clinical epidemiological behavior of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years old in a medical office belonging to the Pedro Borrás polyclinic of La Palma municipality. Method: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out. The population to be studied were pediatric children under 5 years of age who attended the setting in the period from 2019 to 2022, the sample was formed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: female sex and age group 0 to 1 years predominated, the change of climate was the most relevant risk factor, according to the most known symptoms and signs, dyspnea ranked first followed by fever and cough and expectoration, mothers recognized bronchitis as the main complication and type of ARI. In relation to the alarm signs, they pointed to fever > 38,5 C in first place followed by respiratory distress. Mothers' knowledge of the alarm signs of ARF is in the medium to low ranges. Conclusions: the clinical-epidemiological characterization of acute respiratory infections in children under 5 years of age is of vital importance in the work of the family physician and nurse, who, as the first level of health care, should inform the population about ARI, with the aim of providing comprehensive care to the patient.
Behavior of biopsychosocial factors in depression in the elderly in the community
Authors: Fajardo Martínez Geidy de la Caridad , González Baños Yanara , Terrado Almarales Osiris Oscar , Rodríguez Delgado Daniel
Published: January 2024

Introduction: depression is a disease of high impact on public health, which causes high morbi-mortality, being estimated that it is present in more than 450 million people in the world and that one in four will suffer some problem of this type throughout their lives, including the elderly, and has a negative impact on the world economy. Objective: to determine the influence of biopsychosocial factors on the depressive state of older adults in the Pedro Borrás health area of the municipality of Pinar del Río in the period 2020 to 2022. Methods: a prospective analytical study was carried out; the universe consisted of 358 older adults of the community, a simple random sample of 142 older adults who presented depression in that period was selected, theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used, given in number and percentage. Results: most of the sample under study belonged to the female sex and to the age group between 70 and 74 years old, predominantly housewives and retired people; they belonged to small families, the older adults lived with other older adults and with grandchildren under their care; the symptom was more accentuated with the COVID-19 pandemic, they referred to feeling cared for by relatives, they generally consume drugs such as anxiolytics. Conclusions: diagnosis, timely and personalized treatment, through psychotherapy, support groups and pharmacological treatment, are the most effective and economical ways to provide better living conditions to patients afflicted by depression.
Conocimiento sobre enfermedades cerebrovasculares en pacientes con factores de riesgo de Sanguily. La Palma, 2020-2022
Authors: Mesa PortaIes Maray , Cruz Padilla Carlos , Gonzalez Calvo Arley , Carrasco López Madelin , Toledo Castillo Rosalba
Published: January 2024

Introducción: el ictus representa uno de los mayores problemas de morbimortalidad, es la segunda causa de mortalidad tras la cardiopatía isquémica y la primera de discapacidad grave en adultos. Objetivo: determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre enfermedades cerebrovasculares en pacientes con factores de riesgo, del Consejo Popular ¨Manuel Sanguily¨ de La Palma, en el período 2020-2022. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. El universo estuvo constituido por 3215 pacientes con 40 años de edad y más, del  Consejo Popular ¨Manuel Sanguily¨ y la muestra quedó conformada por 257 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y de exclusión. Resultados: predominó el grupo de 60 años y más, siendo la hipertensión arterial el principal factor de riesgo preexistente. El término más reconocido fue el infarto cerebral. En una lista de síntomas y signos, el más identificado fue la pérdida de la conciencia. Ante la sospecha de ictus, los encuestados prefirieron llamar al número de Emergencias y, en relación a la prevención, sobresalió el control adecuado de la hipertensión.
Conclusiones: el nivel de conocimientos de los pacientes estudiados evidencia brechas sobre aspectos importantes de las enfermedades cerebrovasculares, por lo que se proponen estrategias de intervenciones  con base en sus necesidades de aprendizaje.
Conocimientos de los médicos sobre Síncope en adultos y su Atención en Urgencias
Authors: Quintero García Manuel , Rodriguez Lopez Medardo , González Pérez Yoima , Boza Cruz Isael , González Mazón Loreile
Published: January 2024

Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento sobre el síncope y su manejo en urgencias, en médicos de un hospital general.
Métodos: se realizó una investigación cualitativa, de tipo evaluativo; mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario académico, prediseñado; sobre aspectos claves de la atención del síncope en urgencias, a médicos de especialidades clínicas relacionadas con la atención de urgencias; del hospital general docente Abel Santamaría, provincia Pinar del Río; en abril del 2022. Los encuestados, fueron escogidos al azar, de forma voluntaria y anónimo.
Cuestionario: el cuestionario, incluyó 5 preguntas, de opción múltiple de respuesta única. Cada una incluye 4 posibles respuestas (a, b, c, d). Los aspectos evaluados fueron: definición, causas, evaluación inicial, diagnóstico, estratificación de riesgo, y atención al síncope.
Resultados: se aplicó el cuestionario a 35 médicos. Se requirieron menos de 5 minutos para responder el cuestionario completo. Según los aspectos evaluados; el 40 % de los encuestados no seleccionó la respuesta correcta relacionada con la definición y causas de síncope; sobre la evaluación inicial y atención multidisciplinaria, los aciertos alcanzaron el 74 % y 71 % respectivamente. Y en relación al diagnóstico y estratificación de riesgo, los desaciertos fueron del 80 %. La aplicación del coeficiente KR20, clasificó como muy buena la consistencia interna del instrumento evaluativo empleado.
Conclusiones: la encuesta aplicada fue útil para evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de los médicos sobre síncope y su manejo en urgencias. Existe déficit del conocimiento en los aspectos evaluados. Los resultados obtenidos se consideran confiables.
Enfermedades pulpares y periapicales en pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas. Policlínico Pedro Borrás Astorga
Authors: Gutiérrez García Lorena , Gutiérrez  Machado Aurelio Jesús , García  Alum Nury Esther
Published: January 2024

Introducción: las patologías pulpares y periapicales son frecuentemente asociadas con enfermedades sistémicas
Objetivo: describir las enfermedades pulpares y periapicales en pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas Pedro Borra Astorga” de Pinar del Río.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Universo: constituido por pacientes de ambos sexos con enfermedades pulpares y periapicales que asistieron al servicio de urgencias.
Muestra: no probabilística, de estos pacientes con diagnóstico previo de enfermedad sistémica. Variables: edad, sexo, enfermedades pulpares y periapicales, órgano dentario, cuadrantes afectados y enfermedades sistémicas. Se emplearon frecuencias absolutas y relativas.
Resultados: el 67,5 % de los pacientes pertenecía al grupo de edad de 35 a 59 años y el  54,8 % al sexo femenino, manifestaron enfermedades pulpares un 51,6 % y periapicales el 48,4 %; siendo la pulpitis irreversible (27 %) y el absceso apical agudo (21,4 %) las más frecuentes. Prevalecieron la diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial. La enfermedad periapical predominó en diabéticos (21,4 %)  y las apicales en hipertensos (19,4 %).
Conclusiones: las enfermedades pulpares y periapicales predominaron en el sexo femenino y el grupo de 35 a 59 años; la enfermedad pulpar más frecuente fue la pulpitis aguda irreversible. Los primeros molares y el cuadrante inferior izquierdo los más afectados. La  diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial como enfermedades sistémicas más prevalentes. Prevalecieron el absceso apical agudo y la necrosis pulpar en diabéticos, en hipertensos  fue más frecuente la pulpitis irreversible y el absceso apical agudo.
El envejecimiento poblacional. Un problema social. Consejo Popular Sandino
Authors: Horta Baños Inalvis , Cala Roque Dianelys , Rivero Mojena Mileidy , Álvarez Varela Chester Lázaro , Díaz Cusell Yileidy
Published: January 2024

Introducción: el envejecimiento de la población cubana constituye un importante desafío del presente y del futuro inmediato porque este grupo poblacional enfrenta cambios y problemas de salud que inciden en el deterioro de su calidad de vida.
Objetivo: caracterizar el envejecimiento poblacional como un problema social en el consejo popular Sandino, del Policlínico Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, municipio Sandino en el periodo de enero del 2020 a julio 2022.
Método: se realizó una investigación observacional, descriptiva y transversal; el universo estuvo conformado por 243 adultos mayores, seleccionando una muestra aleatoria simple de 165, que cumplieran con los criterios de inclusión. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos, empíricos   y estadísticos llevados a frecuencias absolutas y relativas.
Resultados: la muestra estudiada se caracterizó por un predominio del sexo femenino con el 52 % y el rango de edad que predominó fue el de 70 a 74 años con el 25,5 %;la mayoría de las familias del adulto mayor son pequeñas y nucleares, conviven con hijos y nietos; se dispensarizan en el grupo III, tienen asociados hasta tres factores de riesgo y/o enfermedades, el apoyo social recibido se constató que el 52,5 % de los adultos mayores, recibe un apoyo algo frecuente lo que evidencia la necesidad de intervenir para lograr con un aumento del apoyo social elevar su calidad de vida.
Conclusiones: el envejecimiento poblacional, constituye un problema social, se requiere de una intervención multidisciplinaria e intersectorial para lograr una longevidad satisfactoria.