bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between moderated level of air pollution and fetal growth: the potential role of noise exposure
Authors: Mariet Anne-Sophie , Bernard Nadine , Pujol Sophie , Sagot Paul , Thiriez Gérard , Riethmuller Didier , Boilleaut Mathieu , Defrance Jérôme , Houot Hélène , Parmentier Anne-Laure , Benzenine Eric , Mauny Frédéric , Quantin Catherine
Published: May 2021

This study aims to analyze, in a population of singletons, the potential confounding or modifying effect of noise on the relationship between fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small for gestational age (SGA) and environmental exposure to air pollution. All women with single pregnancies living in one of two medium-sized cities (Besançon, Dijon) and who delivered at a university hospital between 2005 and 2009 were included. FGR and SGA were obtained from medical records. Outdoor residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10) was quantified at the mother’s address at delivery over defined pregnancy periods; outdoor noise exposure was considered to be the annual average daily noise levels in the façade of building (LAeq,24 h). Adjusted odds ratios (ORa) were estimated by multivariable logistic regressions. Among the 8994 included pregnancies, 587 presented FGR and 918 presented SGA. In the two-exposure models, for SGA, the ORafor a 10-µg/m3increase of PM10during the two last months before delivery was 1.18, 95%CI 1.00–1.41 and for FGR, these ORawere for the first and the third trimesters, and the two last months before delivery: 0.77 (0.61–0.97), 1.38 (1.12–1.70), and 1.35 (1.11–1.66), respectively. Noise was not associated with SGA or FGR and did not confound the relationship between air pollution and SGA or FGR. These results are in favor of an association between PM10exposure and fetal growth, independent of noise, particularly towards the end of pregnancy, and of a lack of association between noise and fetal growth.
Mechanical properties of DNA and DNA nanostructures: comparison of atomistic, Martini and oxDNA models
Authors: Naskar Supriyo , Maiti Prabal K.
Published: May 2021

A multiscale molecular simulation study of the elasticity of DNA and DNA based nanostructures was conducted.
A novel time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay based on magnetic microspheres method for detecting antibodies against the phospholipase A2 receptor
Authors: Li Ting , Wu Qingqing , Yang Xue , Liu Yueming , Lin Bo , Zhou Xiumei , Wang Yigang , Qin Yuan , Wang Binrong , Hu Zhigang , He Qiang , Huang Biao
Published: May 2021

A novel magnetic microsphere-based anti-PLA2R-IgG-TRFIA method is established, which provides a convenient and effective tool to detect the concentrations of anti-PLA2R-IgG in the sera of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy.
Cobalt amine complexes and Ru265 interact with the DIME region of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter
Authors: Woods Joshua J. , Rodriguez Madison X. , Tsai Chen-Wei , Tsai Ming-Feng , Wilson Justin J.
Published: May 2021

The MCU-inhibitory properties and mechanisms of action of Co3+amine complexes and Ru265 are described.
Correction: Examination of oestrus-dependent alterations of bovine cervico-vaginal mucus glycosylation for potential as optimum fertilisation indicators
Authors: Le Berre Marie , Gerlach Jared Q. , Loughrey Catherine , Creavin Aileen , Pluta Katarzyna , Gallagher Mary , Carrington Stephen D. , Joshi Lokesh , Kilcoyne Michelle
Published: May 2021

Correction for ‘Examination of oestrus-dependent alterations of bovine cervico-vaginal mucus glycosylation for potential as optimum fertilisation indicators’ by Marie Le Berre et al., Mol. Omics, 2021, 17, 338–346, DOI: 10.1039/D0MO00193G.
Theoretical insight into 7,8-dihydrogen-8-oxoguanine radical cation deprotonation
Authors: Wei Simin , Zhang Zhenhua , Liu Shijun , Wang Yinghui
Published: May 2021

The pKa values of reactive protons in 8-oxoG˙+ and potential energy profiles for 8-oxoG radical cation deprotonation reaction (N1–H and N7–H) were firstly calculated.
Silica-coupled carbon nanodots: multicolor fluorescence governed by the surface structure for fingerprint recognition and WLED devices
Authors: Qin Zhenxing , Wen Ming , Bai Jingjing , Cui Junchao , Miao Runze , Zhang Xuewen , Zhang Qingmei , Zhang Rui , Du Xiujuan
Published: May 2021

This study shows a solvent-engineered strategy for the controlled synthesis of N-CNDs/silica with blue and green fluorescence, respectively, and applied to detect latent fingerprints and fabricate LED devices.
Fabrication of novel carbon species into porous g-C3N4 nanosheet frameworks with enhanced photocatalytic performance
Authors: Xing Weinan , Zhang Yichi , Cheng Ke , Zou Jinghui , Wu Guangyu
Published: May 2021

A novel carbon-species-modified g-C3N4 nanosheet photocatalyst was successfully obtained and displayed superior photocatalytic degradation performance.
Meteorite-catalyzed intermoleculartrans-glycosylation produces nucleosides under proton beam irradiation
Authors: Bizzarri Bruno Mattia , Fanelli Angelica , Kapralov Michail , Krasavin Eugene , Saladino Raffaele
Published: May 2021

Di-glycosylated adenines act as glycosyl donors in the intermoleculartrans-glycosylation of pyrimidine nucleobases under proton beam irradiation conditions.
PEI functionalized NaCeF4:Tb3+/Eu3+ for photoluminescence sensing of heavy metal ions and explosive aromatic nitro compounds
Authors: Singhaal Richa , Tashi Lobzang , Nisa Zaib ul , Ashashi Nargis Akhter , Sen Charanjeet , Devi Swaita , Sheikh Haq Nawaz
Published: May 2021

This work reports an eco-friendly hydrothermal approach for the synthesis of hexagonal NaCeF4:Tb3+/Eu3+ nanophosphors.
Effectiveness of some novel heterocyclic compounds as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl using practical and theoretical methods
Authors: Fouda Abd El-Aziz S. , Abd el-Maksoud Samir A. , El-Sayed Elsherbiny H. , Elbaz Hazem A. , Abousalem Ashraf S.
Published: May 2021

Corrosion of carbon steel is a major problem that destroys assists of industries and world steel installations; the importance of this work is to introduce new heterocyclic compounds as effective and low-cost corrosion inhibitors.
Inducing thermoreversible optical transitions in urethane-acrylate systems via ionic liquid incorporation for stretchable smart devices
Authors: Ho Terence Yan King , Ankit  , Febriansyah Benny , Yantara Natalia , Pethe Shreyas , Accoto Dino , Pullarkat Sumod Appukuttan , Mathews Nripan
Published: May 2021

Repeatable thermotropic transitions shown in ionic-liquid incorporated urethane-acrylate films with a detailed spectroscopic study of the underlying LCST phenomenon. These ionic-liquid elastomer hybrids have superior thermal and mechanical properties.
Post-transition metal/polymer composites for the separation and sensing of alkali metal ions
Authors: Merhebi Salma , Mohammad Munirah , Mayyas Mohannad , Abbasi Roozbeh , Zhang Chengchen , Cai Shengxiang , Centurion Franco , Xie Wanjie , Cao Zhenbang , Tang Junma , Rahim Md Arifur , Zhang Jin , Razmjou Amir , Leslie Greg , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh , Tang Jianbo , Allioux Francois-Marie
Published: May 2021

Post-transition metal composites were fabricated and used for the sensing of alkali metal ions towards the recovery of Li+ from mixed salt aqueous solutions.
Correction: Control of aggregation and dissolution of small molecule hole transport layers via a doping strategy for highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ali Jazib , Song Jingnan , Li Yu , Qian Kun , Zhang Quanzeng , Zhou Guanqing , Zhang Ming , Zhu Lei , Qiu Chaoqun , Xu Jinqiu , Wang Jing , Haider Rizwan , Feng Wei , Hu Hailin , Zhu Haiming , Zhang Yongming , Liu Feng
Published: May 2021

Correction for ‘Control of aggregation and dissolution of small molecule hole transport layers via a doping strategy for highly efficient perovskite solar cells’ by Jazib Ali et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2019, 7, 11932–11942, DOI: 10.1039/C9TC03120K.
Development and validation of early warning score systems for COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Youssef Alexey , Kouchaki Samaneh , Shamout Farah , Armstrong Jacob , El‐Bouri Rasheed , Taylor Thomas , Birrenkott Drew , Vasey Baptiste , Soltan Andrew , Zhu Tingting , Clifton David A. , Eyre David W.
Published: May 2021

COVID‐19 is a major, urgent, and ongoing threat to global health. Globally more than 24 million have been infected and the disease has claimed more than a million lives as of November 2020. Predicting which patients will need respiratory support is important to guiding individual patient treatment and also to ensuring sufficient resources are available. The ability of six common Early Warning Scores (EWS) to identify respiratory deterioration defined as the need for advanced respiratory support (high‐flow nasal oxygen, continuous positive airways pressure, non‐invasive ventilation, intubation) within a prediction window of 24 h is evaluated. It is shown that these scores perform sub‐optimally at this specific task. Therefore, an alternative EWS based on the Gradient Boosting Trees (GBT) algorithm is developed that is able to predict deterioration within the next 24 h with high AUROC 94% and an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 70%, 96%, 70%, respectively. The GBT model outperformed the best EWS (LDTEWS:NEWS), increasing the AUROC by 14%. Our GBT model makes the prediction based on the current and baseline measures of routinely available vital signs and blood tests.
Flexible ultra‐high transformation ratio‐based dual‐band impedance transformer and its applications in a T‐junction power divider
Authors: Banerjee Deepayan , Hashmi Mohammad , Ghannouchi Fadhel
Published: May 2021

A design scheme is presented for an all‐pass coupled‐line (APCL)‐based dual‐band impedance‐matching network. Salient features include a highly flexible frequency ratio (r) (high of 15 and low of 1.2) and impedance transformation ratio (k) (high of 9 and low of 0.2) simultaneously at two arbitrary, uncorrelated frequencies of interest. The design strategy consists of two APCL sections and a stub that prove to be simple and easy to prototype. Detailed mathematical modelling and graphical interpretations have been presented. Closed‐form design equations have been developed and backed up with design examples. Two dual‐band T‐junction power dividers (TPDs) have been designed to demonstrate the application of the proposed impedance transformer at two widely separated frequencies. RO4350 B‐ and RO5880‐based prototypes have been fabricated for both the matching network and the TPD to validate the proposed theory. The measurement results demonstrate an achievable frequency ratio of 15 and an impedance transformation ratio of 9 in simultaneous operation mode.
The Carleman regularization technique in the modelling of the plane E‐polarized electromagnetic wave scattering by a flat system of impedance strips
Authors: Koshovy George I. , Koshovy Andrew G.
Published: May 2021

The Carleman method of analytical regularization is used to model the plane E‐polarized electromagnetic wave scattering by flat grating of a finite number of impedance strips. It is based on a modification of the singular integral equation technique, the perturbation method and the Carleman inversion formula for the simplest logarithmically singular integral equation. Attention is focussed on the asymptotic model of the plane E‐polarized electromagnetic wave scattering by a sparsely filled impedance strip grating. In this case, the corresponding singular integral equation system has an explicit solution. This result is important to verify direct numerical methods. The scattered electromagnetic field in the far zone is successfully analysed with the aid of the asymptotic solution derived for electrically narrow strips.
Opening the air‐chamber of an oscillating water column spar buoy wave energy converter to avoid parametric resonance
Authors: Davidson Josh , Henriques João C. C. , Gomes Rui P. F. , Galeazzi Roberto
Published: May 2021

The oscillating‐water‐column (OWC) spar‐buoy is a type of wave energy converter that may exhibit undesirable large roll and pitch amplitudes caused by a dynamic instability induced by parametric resonance. The occurrence of this phenomenon not only reduces the power extraction but significantly increases the structural loads on the buoy, the turbine rotor and on the mooring system. The paper compares the parametric resonance behaviour of two configurations of an OWC spar‐buoy using experimental data obtained in a wave flume at a scale of 1:100. The configurations investigated were: (1) closed and (2) fully open‐air chamber. The experimental tests covered a wide range of regular and irregular waves, as well as in free decay experiments. Results showed that opening the air chamber reduces the coupling between the buoy and the OWC within, thus shifting the damped natural heave frequency of the system in comparison with the closed chamber configuration. This effect changes parametric resonance characteristics of the two configurations due to the coupling between roll/pitch and heave modes. Moreover, for specific wave frequencies, the occurrence of parametric resonance observed when the chamber is closed do not occur while the air chamber is fully open. These results suggest the possibility of controlling a pressure relief valve installed on top of the device to reduce parametric resonance whenever this dynamic instability is detected.
Der große „kleine Unterschied“: Gendertypische Aspekte in der Psychokardiologie
Authors: Wedegärtner Sonja Maria , Kindermann Ingrid
Published: May 2021

Welche Geschlechtsunterschiede gibt es bei kardialen Erkrankungen und in der Versorgung? Wie kann man diesen in der psychokardiologischen Behandlung begegnen? Im Folgenden werden gendertypische Unterschiede in der Psychokardiologie und mögliche Interventionen dargestellt.
Psychokardiologie
Authors: Kupferschmitt Alexa
Published: May 2021

Definitionen, Fakten, Relevantes – die PiD-Essentials fassen die wichtigsten Informationen zum Thema des Heftes knapp und übersichtlich für Sie zusammen.
Herz und Psyche in Bewegung bringen
Authors: Kleinschmidt Judit , Köllner Volker
Published: May 2021

Bewegungstherapie fördert nachweislich die Herzgesundheit. Dabei werden nicht nur die Fitness trainiert, sondern auch die Fähigkeit zur Körperwahrnehmung, Entspannung und Auseinandersetzung mit sich selbst. Stationär ist die Bewegungstherapie daher fester Bestandteil im Therapiekonzept. Im Folgenden werden die Evidenz der Bewegungstherapie, die Umsetzung im stationären Setting sowie Transfermöglichkeiten in den ambulanten Bereich dargestellt.
Macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) of specimens from solid lesions acquired during EUS-FNB: multicenter study and comparison between needle gauges
Authors: Mangiavillano Benedetto , Frazzoni Leonardo , Togliani Thomas , Fabbri Carlo , Tarantino Ilaria , De Luca Luca , Staiano Teresa , Binda Cecilia , Signoretti Marianna , Eusebi Leonardo H. , Auriemma Francesco , Lamonaca Laura , Paduano Danilo , Di Leo Milena , Carrara Silvia , Fuccio Lorenzo , Repici Alessandro
Published: May 2021

Background and study aims The standard method for obtaining samples during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is fine-needle aspiration (FNA), the accuracy of which can be affected by the presence of a cytopathologist in endoscopy room (rapid on-site evaluation [ROSE]). With the introduction of fine-needle biopsy (FNB), macroscopic on-site evaluation (MOSE) of a acquired specimen has been proposed. Only a few studies have evaluated the role of MOSE and in all except one, a 19G needle was used. Our primary aim was to evaluate the diagnostic yield and accuracy of MOSE with different needle sizes and the secondary aim was to identify factors influencing the yield of MOSE.

Patients and methods Data from patients who underwent EUS-FNB for solid lesions, with MOSE evaluation of the specimen, were collected in six endoscopic referral centers.

Results A total of 378 patients (145 F and 233 M) were enrolled. Needles sizes used during the procedures were 20G (42 %), 22G (45 %), and 25G (13 %). The median number of needle passes was two (IQR 2–3). The overall diagnostic yield of MOSE was of 90 % (confidence interval [CI] 86 %–92 %). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, variables independently associated with the diagnostic yield of MOSE were a larger needle diameter (20G vs. 25G, OR 11.64, 95 %CI 3.5–38.71; 22G vs. 25G, OR 6.20, 95 %CI 2.41–15.90) and three of more needle passes (OR 3.39, 95 %CI 1.38–8.31).

Conclusions MOSE showed high diagnostic yield and accuracy. Its yield was further increased if performed with a large size FNB needles and more than two passes.
A case of Helicobacter pylori-negative early gastric adenocarcinoma with gastrointestinal phenotype
Authors: Takatsuna Masafumi , Azumi Rie , Mizusawa Takeshi , Sato Hiroki , Mizuno Ken-Ichi , Kato Takashi , Yokoyama Junji , Ajioka Yoichi , Terai Shuji
Published: May 2021

A 40-year-old man with slightly depressed (0-IIc) type gastric cancer of the pyloric anterior gastric area underwent pre-operative screening for tetralogy of Fallot and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and was tested for Helicobacter pylori antigens and antibodies. Both tests were negative. He did not have a history of eradication. Pathological diagnosis of ESD showed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The tumor was CD10-positive, MUC5AC-negative, and MUC6-confocal positive; it showed differentiation with gastrointestinal phenotype. Moreover, the tumor cells were lysozyme-positive, resembling Paneth cells. Mucosal glands exhibited intestinal metaplasia on the anal side of the tumor lesion. On the oral side of the tumor, metaplasia was non-existent, with normal pyloric glands present in the mucosal layer. The patient was not infected with H. pylori; however, intestinal metaplasia existed around the early gastric cancer. This suggested that the intestinal metaplasia occurred due to bile reflux, and the gastric neoplasia arose with the metaplasia without an H. pylori infection. This case may potentially help explain gastric cancer development in the absence of H. pylori infection.
Topological polar structures in ferroelectric oxide films
Authors: Tang Y. L. , Zhu Y. L. , Ma X. L.
Published: May 2021

The continuous rotation of electric dipoles, which is inspired by unusual spin textures in magnetic materials, has been envisioned by theoretical modelings in last two decades. Although in electrically polar systems it was thought to be difficult to introduce continuous rotation of electric dipoles since similar Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction like that of ferromagnets is still under study, external strains and interface depolarization fields have been then identified to be critical for rotating electric dipoles in nano-scale oxide films/superlattices. In this Perspective, we will briefly summarize the experimental finding of the newly identified topological polar structures and corresponding properties, such as polar flux-closure, vortex, skyrmion lattice, and meron. The critical importance of microscopy technologies, especially the advanced aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy with ultra-high spatial resolutions, will be emphasized. Moreover, physical aspects to be addressed in the future, such as the strain maintenance and relaxation mechanisms of polar systems/superlattices, atomic maps of three-dimensional topological polar structures, and flexoelectricity-related properties, will be highlighted and envisioned.
The role of surfactants on the shape of confined droplets moving in circular microchannel
Authors: Ferraro D. , Sartori P. , Akhtar N. , Zaltron A. , Pierno M. , Mistura G.
Published: May 2021

Droplet microfluidics is widespread in many chemical and biological applications where each droplet can be considered as a single, independent reactor unaffected by the presence of channel walls. This compartmentalization is facilitated by the addition of surfactants to increase the emulsion stability. However, the presence of surfactants is expected to strongly affect the dynamics and shape of flowing droplets. We report a systematic experimental study of the curvature of the front and the rear menisci of confined droplets flowing in a circular channel, with and without surfactants. In detail, the role played by surfactants on the droplet shape is investigated by dispersing them either in the droplet or in the continuous phases. The curvatures are evaluated by varying droplet speed, interfacial tension, and surfactant concentration. The curvature of the droplet front is found to scale with the capillary number (Ca) regardless of the presence or absence of surfactants. Differently, the curvature of the rear meniscus strongly depends on the surfactant concentration and whether surfactants are dispersed in the droplet or continuous phases. The surfactant accumulation at concentrations higher than the critical micelle concentration leads to an unexpected increase in the curvature in the former case and to droplet breakup in the latter.
Separation and enrichment of sodium-motile bacteria using cost-effective microfluidics
Authors: Gurung Jyoti P. , Navvab Kashani Moein , Agarwal Sanaz , Peralta Gonzalo , Gel Murat , Baker Matthew A. B.
Published: May 2021

Many motile bacteria are propelled by the rotation of flagellar filaments. This rotation is driven by a membrane protein known as the stator-complex, which drives the rotor of the bacterial flagellar motor. Torque generation is powered in most cases by proton transit through membrane protein complexes known as stators, with the next most common ionic power source being sodium. Sodium-powered stators can be studied through the use of synthetic chimeric stators that combine parts of sodium- and proton-powered stator proteins. The most well studied example is the use of the sodium-powered PomA-PotB chimeric stator unit in the naturally proton-powered Escherichia coli. Here we designed a fluidics system at low cost for rapid prototyping to separate motile and non-motile populations of bacteria while varying the ionic composition of the media and thus the sodium-motive force available to drive this chimeric flagellar motor. We measured separation efficiencies at varying ionic concentrations and confirmed using fluorescence that our device delivered eightfold enrichment of the motile proportion of a mixed population. Furthermore, our results showed that we could select bacteria from reservoirs where sodium was not initially present. Overall, this technique can be used to implement the selection of highly motile fractions from mixed liquid cultures, with applications in directed evolution to investigate the adaptation of motility in bacterial ecosystems.
Electrostatic gating of ion transport in carbon nanotube porins: A modeling study
Authors: Yao Yun-Chiao , Li Zhongwu , Gillen Alice J. , Yosinski Shari , Reed Mark A. , Noy Aleksandr
Published: May 2021

Carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs) are biomimetic membrane channels that demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and unique water and ion transport properties. Gating transport in CNTPs with external voltage could increase control over ion flow and selectivity. Herein, we used continuum modeling to probe the parameters that enable and further affect CNTP gating efficiency, including the size and composition of the supporting lipid membrane, slip flow in the carbon nanotube, and the intrinsic electronic properties of the nanotube. Our results show that the optimal gated CNTP device consists of a semiconducting CNTP inserted into a small membrane patch containing an internally conductive layer. Moreover, we demonstrate that the ionic transport modulated by gate voltages is controlled by the charge distribution along the CNTP under the external gate electric potential. The theoretical understanding developed in this study offers valuable guidance for the design of gated CNTP devices for nanofluidic studies, novel biomimetic membranes, and cellular interfaces in the future.
More than little fragments of matter: Electronic and molecular structures of clusters
Authors: Mason Jarrett L. , Folluo Carley N. , Jarrold Caroline Chick
Published: May 2021

Small clusters have captured the imaginations of experimentalists and theorists alike for decades. In addition to providing insight into the evolution of properties between the atomic or molecular limits and the bulk, small clusters have revealed a myriad of fascinating properties that make them interesting in their own right. This perspective reviews how the application of anion photoelectron (PE) spectroscopy, typically coupled with supporting calculations, is particularly well-suited to probing the molecular and electronic structure of small clusters. Clusters provide a powerful platform for the study of the properties of local phenomena (e.g., dopants or defect sites in heterogeneous catalysts), the evolution of the band structure and the transition from semiconductor to metallic behavior in metal clusters, control of electronic structures of clusters through electron donating or withdrawing ligands, and the control of magnetic properties by interactions between the photoelectron and remnant neutral states, among other important topics of fundamental interest. This perspective revisits historical, groundbreaking anion PE spectroscopic finding and details more recent advances and insight gleaned from the PE spectra of small covalently or ionically bound clusters. The properties of the broad range of systems studied are uniquely small-cluster like in that incremental size differences are associated with striking changes in stability, electronic structures, and symmetry, but they can also be readily related to larger or bulk species in a broader range of materials and applications.
Productive responses of European crossbred and zebu cattle fed whole shelled corn diets, with or without sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Cunha O. F. R. , Restle J. , Missio R. L. , Miotto F. R. C. , Sousa L. F. , Bozorg V. L. A. , Elejalde D. A. G. , Maciel R. P. , Neiva J. N. M.
Published: May 2021

Context Grain-based diets result in lower starch utilisation compared with traditional diets with corn silage. The best use of yellow dent corn starch, in addition to increasing animal performance, can be obtained by the inclusion of an effective fibre source in grain-based diets and/or the use of more efficient genetic groups in a tropical feedlot. Aims We assessed productive responses of young Nellore (N) bulls and 1/2 Angus × 1/2 Nellore (AN) bulls fed whole shelled corn diets, with or without sugarcane bagasse (SB). Methods A completely randomised design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (two genetic groups and two diets) was used. Twenty-eight young bulls (14 N and 14 AN) were fed diets containing 0 or 31.6 g of SB/kg DM in a feedlot. Key results The average daily gain and gain:feed ratio were not affected by the diets, but AN bulls showed greater average daily gain and gain:feed ratio than N bulls (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). The genetic groups did not affect nutrient intake, but N bulls had greater (P = 0.016) DM digestibility than AN bulls. The consumption of DM, crude protein and digestible energy was not affected by the diets. The digestibility of neutral detergent fibre, crude protein and NFC was lower (P = 0.001) for the diet with SB. The neutral detergent fibre intake was greater (P = 0.001) in the diet with SB. The DM intake variation was smaller (P < 0.05) in diets with SB and for N bulls. Conclusions The inclusion of SB up to 31.6 g/kg DM in whole shelled corn diets did not affect the productive responses of young bulls. Crossbred bulls, despite expressing lower digestibility of some nutrients and larger DM intake variation, have greater productive potential compared with Nellore bulls in a tropical feedlot with whole shelled corn diets. Implications The use of crossbred young AN bulls in tropical feedlots is a viable alternative for increasing productivity and global meat production.
Impact of antibiotic use and disease risks on Australian laying hen welfare
Authors: Groves Peter J. , Underwood Greg
Published: May 2021

Antibiotic stewardship is an important concern for government, communities and producers. Shifts towards more extensive production systems in egg layers (i.e. free range) has increased the incidence of many diseases and parasites, requiring a return to the use of medications. Limitations on the number of antimicrobial drugs available for use in Australian egg layers under these increased usage situations can lead to the loss of effectiveness of the medications, antibiotic resistance development and continued declines in bird health and welfare. The small size of the Australian layer flock makes the likelihood of more antimicrobials becoming available very low due to the high cost of obtaining additional registration for use in layers and the significant challenge in assuring nil residues in eggs.
Influence of soil residual boron on rice performance and soil properties under conventional and conservation rice–wheat cropping systems
Authors: Nadeem Faisal , Farooq Muhammad , Mustafa Basit , Nawaz Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Application of boron (B) to wheat in conservation rice–wheat cropping systems may have a residual effect that improves productivity and grain quality of the following rice crop. Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of soil residual B on the performance, grain quality and grain yield of rice and soil biological properties under puddled transplanted (PuTR) and direct-seeded (DSR) rice systems on silty loam soil. A preceding wheat crop was sown using two different tillage systems, plough tillage (PTW) and no tillage (NTW), in combination with four B application treatments: control (no B), soil application (SA, 1 kg ha–1), seed priming (0.01 M), and foliar spray (0.01 M). After wheat harvest, rice was planted in PuTR and DSR systems. The conservation tillage system in both wheat and rice (NTW–DSR) significantly increased soil organic carbon (by 18%) and soil microbial biomass carbon (by 5%) over conventional tillage systems (PTW–PuTR). Improved soil health and availability of soil residual B in the NTW-SA–DSR system improved grain yield (by 23–37%) and grain quality (grain protein by 3–8%, amylose content by 26%) over PTW–PuTR irrespective of B application method. Best economic return and net benefit were recorded in the order NTW-SA–DSR > PTW-SA–DSR > NTW-SA–PuTR. Thus, the application of B to NTW had a strong residual effect on grain quality and profitability of the following rice crop. In rice–wheat cropping systems on a silty loam soil, conservation tillage systems (NTW–DSR) significantly improved the availability of soil residual B and soil health and increased economic return.
The association of leaf sulfur content with the leaf economics spectrum and plant adaptive strategies
Authors: Fratte Michele Dalle , Pierce Simon , Zanzottera Magda , Cerabolini Bruno E. L.
Published: May 2021

Sulfur is an essential macronutrient for plant primary metabolism. Its availability can modulate plant growth in most terrestrial ecosystems. However, its relationship with other leaf and nutrient traits, and hence its contribution to plant functioning, remains unclear. We analysed leaf and nutrient traits for 740 vascular plant species growing in a wide range of environmental conditions in Northern Italy. We determined whether leaf sulfur content per unit leaf dry mass (LSC) is associated with leaf economics spectrum, and whether its distribution among functional types (growth forms, leaf life span categories, and Grime’s CSR (Competitive, Stress-tolerant, Ruderal strategies) could help to elucidate adaptive differences within plant taxa. High LSC values were mainly associated with fast-growing species representative of R- and C- strategy selection, thus the acquisitive extreme of plant economics, reflecting strong potential connections with ecosystem properties such as biomass production or litter decomposability. In general, LSC was significantly and positively correlated with leaf nitrogen content, and nitrogen to sulfur ratio was constant throughout growth forms, leaf life span and CSR strategies, and phylogenetic effects were evident. Our findings highlight that LSC variation is strongly associated with the leaf economics spectrum, suggesting that additional nutrients seldom included in functional analyses may also be embroiled within the context of plant economics. However, different ratios among nitrogen and sulfur may be expected across different plant families, suggesting that deeper insight from functional groups can provide a bridge between plant stoichiometry and ecology, useful for the evaluation of ecological responses to global change.
Wideband switchable dual-functional terahertz polarization converter based on vanadium dioxide-assisted metasurface
Authors: Yan De-Xian , Feng Qin-Yin , Yuan Zi-Wei , Meng Miao , Li Xiang-Jun , Qiu Guo-Hua , Li Ji-Ning
Published: May 2021

The terahertz technology has attracted considerable attention because of its potential applications in various fields. However, the research of functional devices, including polarization converters, remains a major demand for practical applications. In this work, a reflective dual-functional terahertz metadevice is presented, which combines two different polarization conversions through using a switchable metasurface. Different functions can be achieved because of the insulator-to-metal transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2). At room temperature, the metadevice can be regarded as a linear-to-linear polarization convertor containing a gold circular split-ring resonator (CSRR), first polyimide (PI) spacer, continuous VO2 film, second PI spacer, and gold substrate. The converter possesses a polarization conversion ratio higher than 0.9 and a bandwidth ratio of 81% in a range from 0.912 THz to 2.146 THz. When the temperature is above the insulator-to-metal transition temperature (approximately 68 °C) and VO2 becomes a metal, the metasurface transforms into a wideband linear-to-circular polarization converter composed of the gold CSRR, first PI layer, and continuous VO2 film. The ellipticity is close to −1, while the axis ratio is lower than 3 dB in a range of 1.07 THz–1.67 THz. The metadevice also achieves a large angle tolerance and large manufacturing tolerance.
Fitness of others’ evaluation effect promotes cooperation in spatial public goods game*
Authors: Wang Jian-Wei , Wang Rong , Yu Feng-Yuan
Published: May 2021

Payoff-driven strategy updating rule has always been adopted as a classic mechanism, but up to now, there have been a great many of researches on considering other forms of strategy updating rules, among which pursuing high fitness is one of the most direct and conventional motivations in the decision-making using game theory. But there are few or no researches on fitness from the perspective of others’ evaluation. In view of this, we propose a new model in which the evaluation effect with fitness-driven strategy updating rule is taken into consideration, and introduce an evaluation coefficient to present the degree of others’ evaluation on individual’s behavior. The cooperative individuals can get positive evaluation, otherwise defective individuals get negative evaluation, and the degree of evaluation is related to the number of neighbors who have the same strategy of individual. Through numerical simulation, we find that the evaluation effect of others can enhance the network reciprocity, thus promoting the cooperation. For a strong dilemma, the higher evaluation coefficient can greatly weaken the cooperation dilemma; for a weak one, the higher evaluation coefficient can make cooperator clusters spread faster, however, there is no significant difference in the level of cooperation in the final stable state among different evaluation coefficients. The cooperation becomes more flourish as the number of fitness-driven individuals increases, when all individuals adopt fitness-driven strategy updating rule, the cooperators can quickly occupy the whole population. Besides, we demonstrate the robustness of the results on the WS small-world network, ER random network, and BA scalefree network.
Analysis and Classification of Active Sludge in wastewater
Authors: Selvan Shirley , Joseph J Ferin , Dinesh Raj KT , Bertlyn Joseph S
Published: May 2021

Active Sludge particles in wastewater or sewage water treatment plants are analyzed. Based on the analysis report, the water is treated to improve the quality of water so that it can be reused. Microscopic images of water samples are obtained from municipal Active Sludge wastewater treatment plants for analysis, so that particles can be viewed clearly. A method that exactly determines the length of filamentous bacteria and flocs segmented from the images is proposed in this paper. Texture and shape features are extracted from the filaments and flocs. An SVM classifier is used to classify the flocs and filaments using the features extracted. Based on the distribution of sludge particles in a particular area, Artificial intelligence is used to find the process of chemical treatment. This helps in treatment of wastewater for further reuse.
BSO feature selection based machine learning solar radiation prediction
Authors: Kumar T Rajesh , Harshini A , Mirunalini S , Mohana L
Published: May 2021

Benefits of solar power production is constantly increasing to the electrical power grid. Renewable energy sources are becoming alternatives for energy resource around the world. In order to reduce environmental pollution and CO2 emissions, an ideal solution is provided to overcome the energy crisis. Renewable energy forecasting improves the accuracy and significantly improved by developing more solar forecasting models using numerical weather predictions. The solar radiation value reaching the system is very important in determining the energy production potential of the solar energy system. In this, we discuss the development of the project with machine learning combined with multiple metrological models to improve the accuracy of solar radiation forecasting. To implement combination of two models, Bird Swarm Optimization algorithm for select features and for classification Convolutional Neural Network is used. CNN is a system prediction which are including numerous atmospheric based on satellite images or several other weather prediction products.
Underwater cable monitoring system using Bot
Authors: Saravanan S , Pugalhanthi P Lenin , Sathiyapriya S , Sridhaniksha M , Swetha B
Published: May 2021

Underwater fiber cable carries lot of sensitive information between countries so, it is important to continuously monitor the quality of the cable. The principle of reflection of an echo signal is proposed for detecting damages in the submarine cable. Through the process of an ultrasonic sensor, the faulty part can be identified and monitored. It describes a wireless controlled submarine bot that can move underwater and can be controlled by a mobile application. An Arduino-based IoT platform is used to process, transmit and receive all the information to the control room, about the submarine cables. A camera is used to detect the status of the cables. The damaged spot and the distance of the fiber cable’s dislocation are also measured and indicated to the control room for further analysis. This robot can be used for various purposes such as oceanographic surveys, underwater monitoring, pipeline monitoring, and subsea inspection.
An Intelligent communication system for fisherman
Authors: Sureshkumar R. , Ilakkiya C A
Published: May 2021

In our day-to-day life we hear a lot of news about fishermen, once out on the sea the fishermen are subjected to various oceanographic and climatic conditions. The fishermen are unable to get the help from the government during emergency situations. This project gives them a solution to get rid of those problems. The Raspberry pi model 3B, DHT22 (temperature and humidity) and BMP180 (pressure) are the sensors connected, to indicate the formation of cyclone. Neo 7m GPS module is interfaced to monitor the location of the boat all the time. It compares the current data with the reference data fed within the processor, in case of any deviation the buzzer will indicate that they have crossed out Nation’s border. We have also fed the location of the islands in the particular zone, so that they can land safely when the cyclone is severe. We can also use a series of transmitters and receivers to transfer the message from the land mass or the coastal guards to the fishermen in the boat. In future, ISRO is planning to make marine communication successful with the help of launching a satellite. This helps to communicate their nearby land location to the rescue team or their family members.
Metro Cable Negligence Disclosure using IOT
Authors: Margret M Kavitha , Kuma P M Arun , Abishek R , Nair Abhishek V
Published: May 2021

Underground links are inclined to a wide assortment of flaws because of underground conditions, mileage, rodents and so on diagnosing the shortcoming source is troublesome, and whole link ought to be taken out from the beginning check and fix flaws. The venture work is proposed to identify the area of deficiency in underground link lines from the base station in km utilizing an Arduino regulator. To find an issue in the link, the link should be tried for flaws. The current would fluctuate contingent on the length of flaw of the link. In the metropolitan regions, the electrical links run in underground rather than overhead lines. At whatever point the flaw happens in underground link it is hard to distinguish the specific area of the issue for interaction of fixing that specific link. In case of fault, the voltage across changes accordingly, which is then fed to an develop precise digital data to a programmed Arduino that further displays fault location in distance. The fault occurring distance, phase, and time is displayed on a LCD interfaced with the microcontroller. Internet of things (I.O.T.) is used to display the information over Internet using the personal computer (P.C).
Secure Ring Signature based privacy preserving of Public Auditing mechanism for outsourced data in cloud computing paradigm
Authors: Srivaishnavi D , Arjun T , Dhyaneshwaran K , Deepak R
Published: May 2021

Cloud computing offers a high scalable environment for data outsourcing in the cloud. This allows a user to access all the cloud applications of any complexity, without thinking about the limitations of the local system infrastructure. It also provide medium to share the data among others. However originality and authenticity of data that is stored in cloud is an open challenge as it has large provision for data lose and date correction. In order to prevent the outsourced against various challenges, many tradition data auditing mechanism on employing third party auditor has been provided in the literatures with computation and communication capabilities. A portable data management system to will be able to perform auditing process, so that we can ensure the accuracy of the data which is stored on a unreliable third party server. This process is done without even, retrieving all the data. Despite of various advantage of public auditing, preserving the identity privacy from third party auditor has become vital task for the current research. In this paper, we have proposed a reliable and secure ring signature for preserving the privacy of data that is outsourced and shared, using public auditing in the computing paradigm. In this work, ring signature is exploited to privacy preserving of the data auditing of common outsourced data. Further the idea of ring-signatures has to be used to build the authenticator on each block of the data that is outsourced, while keeping maintaining the authenticity of the shared-data to be audited. Finally this model can support multi auditing task simultaneously. Experimental analysis on the proposed system proves that it is more secure and highly efficient against data based attacks. Evaluation the performance of the proposed model has been validated that it outperforms state of arts approaches on computation cost and time.
Intelligent Appliance Control System Using IoT
Authors: Samitha B , Santhosh Kumar E , Saravana Kumar C , Srinath B , Dhivya Devi R , Venkatesh T
Published: May 2021

Automation systems have recently gained popularity due to their user-friendly design and ability to manage energy waste. This automation system is linked with “Internet of Things (IoT)” in order to be operated remotely. “Smart Home Automation System (SHAS)” is the name given to this system. In this paper, we take an approach to design a system that uses less resources and can be targetted and managed remotely. For this system, the Internet networking module Node MCU (ESP8266) is accessed through the Internet is connected with main control unit of the supply. The Blynk framework, which is multimodal and web-based, is used for home automation system. The main subject of this paper is to boost our home automation intelligence.
Security Aware High Scalable paradigm for Data Deduplication in Big Data cloud computing Environments
Authors: Anitha P , Dhanushram R , Harihara Sudhan D , Indhresh T R S
Published: May 2021

The challenge of data deduplication has piqued the interest of the research community in order to provide effective and efficient solutions for cloud data centres to remove bottlenecks caused by duplicate data on the exponential growth of outsourced data. An Imminent challenge is the presence of high redundant existence in the storage memory of the cloud environment. Traditional algorithm has been employed to mitigate the data duplication in the cloud environment but it is a daunting task since it requires an effective solution to manage the duplication in the application basis to eliminate the privacy violation on sensitive data. In order to tackle above mentioned issues, a new paradigm named as Security Aware High Scalable has been proposed on large scale computing data centres. Proposed method employed to secure the data Deduplication process using access control mechanism on data of the privileged authorities. Outsourced data will be in the form of encrypted files. Access control mechanism is provided to the secure authorities to conduct the data deduplication on the data that was outsourced. Access Control Mechanism is employed using encryption techniques. It uses randomised encryption that is convergent and stable distribution of ownership party keys to enable the cloud service provider to handle outsourced access to data even though control changes on a regular basis This prevents data from being leaked not just to to those who have had their rights removed who previously owned the data, but even to a degree trustworthy yet suspect server for cloud storage. Furthermore, the proposed technique protects integrity of data from attacks based on label inconsistencies. As a measure, the proposed technique has been modified that enhances security. The efficiency review reveals that the proposed system is nearly as successful as the existing ones, with just a small increase in computational overhead.
A Compact UWB Antenna Design for Breast Cancer detection
Authors: Venkateshkumar Udayamoorthy , Yamunadevi S , Yogitha U , Ponraj S
Published: May 2021

There are many diseases in the world. The mostcommon and dangerous disease is cancer and the number ofcancer patients is increasing and the number of deaths alsoincreased. If we detect the cancer at early stages, we can beable to reduce the deaths. In this paper, a rectangular fix receiving wire is intended to identify the disease at beginning phases and this increment the higher opportunity to recuperate from disease. The compact low profile wearable antenna is used to detect cancer. Microstrip patch antenna is used in this project because of lowprofile, low cost, miniaturization of antenna, high bandwidthand high gain. This antenna is compact because, IR can beeasily fabricated on the printed circuit board unlike otherantennas. The square fix is utilized to defeat the complex construction. The substrate utilized is FR4 epoxy with dielectric steady of 4.4 and digression deficiency of 0.02.