bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farklı Dozlarda Uygulanan Streptozotosinin Sıçan Karaciğerine Etkilerinin Stereolojik Metotlarla İncelenmesi
Authors: Yıldız Saadet , Rağbetli Murat Çetin , Tülüce Yasin
Published: March 2024

Diabetes Mellitus, vücudun insülin üretememesinden veya insülin etkisine karşı dirençten veya her ikisinden kaynaklanan yüksek kan şekeri seviyeleri ile karakterize edilen bir grup kronik metabolik rahatsızlıktır. İnsülin, vücut dokuları ve organları tarafından glikoz üretimini ve kullanımını düzenleyen ana hormondur. Diyabet, karaciğer de dahil olmak üzere vücuttaki tüm sistemleri etkiler. Streptozotosin, pankreas β-hücre yıkımı gerçekleştiren bir antibiyotiktir ve deneysel diyabet oluşturmak için yaygın olarak kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, sıçan karaciğerinde sterptozotosin kaynaklı diyabetin neden olduğu morfometrik değişikliklerin hacim ve hücre sayılarının stereolojik yöntemler kullanılarak hesaplanması amaçlandı. Çalışmada erişkin 20 adet erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Rastgele dört grup oluşturuldu. Tüm grupların kan glikoz değerleri ölçüldü. Streptozotosinin farklı dozları (55 mg/kg ve 65 mg/kg) verilerek diyabet indüklendi. 48 saat sonra tekrar kan glikoz değerleri ölçüldü. Dört hafta sonra kontrol ve denek gruplarına ait tüm sıçanların anestezi altında karaciğer dokuları çıkarılarak %10’luk formaldehitte tespit edildi. Tespit edilen karaciğer dokuları fiziksel fraksiyonlama ile eşit parçalara ayrıldı. Dehidratasyon aşamalarından geçerek parafinde sabitlendi. Histolojik kesitler hazırlandı. Hematoksilen-Eozin ile boyandı ve ışık mikroskobunda incelenerek fotoğraflandı. Cavalieri Prensibi ile karaciğerin total hacmi, disektör yönteminin tarafsız sayım çerçevesi ile hepatosit sayıları hesaplandı. Diyabete bağlı gruplarda, kontrol grubuna göre karaciğer hacminde ve hücre sayısındaki artış anlamlıydı (p
Immunohistochemical Investigation of Autophagy in the Uterus during the First Trimester of Pregnancy in Rats
Authors: Uslu Dilara , Uslu Sema
Published: March 2024

During placental development, autophagy has an important role at the molecular level, especially in cases such as trophoblast cell proliferation and cell death. Abnormal placental development due to trophoblast dysfunction causes serious gynaecological diseases and various fetal malformations. In the study conducted to investigate autophagy on the 5th day of pregnancy, in the pregnant and non pregnant group uterus tissues, uterine glands LC3 and Beclin 1 (+), in the evaluation of myometrium and perimetrium, weak (+) was observed in myometrium cells in pregnancy, while (+) reaction could not be distinguished in perimetrium. In this study, it was concluded that the immunohistochemical increase in LC3 and Beclin 1 intensity in the uterus, especially in the endometrial areas in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to the control group tissues is related to the physiology of pregnancy, homeostasis in pregnancy and hormonal mechanism.
EXPERIÊNCIAS DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PROGRAMA EXTENSIONISTA INTEGRADOR NA FORMAÇÃO MÉDICA
Authors: Kawakami Roselma Marcele da Silva Alexandre , Carrijo Mona Lisa Rezende , Souza Taisa Guimarães de , Ferreira Patrícia da Silva , Batista Nogueira Paulo Luís
Published: March 2024

Introdução: Este estudo objetiva relatar a experiência da implantação do Programa Extensionista Integrador (PEI) como componente curricular do curso de medicina em uma instituição privada de ensino superior. Descreve, as atividades de elaboração da disciplina e formação pedagógica, por meio de reuniões interprofissionais ou multidisciplinares. Relato de experiência: Trata-se de um relato de experiência de gestores e docentes no processo de implantação do PEI, no curso de medicina, de uma instituição privada em Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso. As reuniões ocorreram no Centro Universitário e na via plataforma digital ZOOM entre agosto de 2022 até fevereiro de 2023. O treinamento ocorreu na própria instituição de ensino durante a semana pedagógica de 06 a 10 de fevereiro de 2023.  O planejamento interprofissional foi dinâmico e houve estudo sobre as estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem que poderiam ser utilizadas. Além disso, no treinamento utilizamos a simulação realística que foi  essencial para a compreensão  dos docentes sobre a extensão e as metodologias ativas, uma vez que se colocar lá no lugar do aluno desafia na busca pelo método mais adequado para a aprendizagem. Esses momentos permitiram adotar a metodologia da problematização utilizando ferramentas de planejamento estratégico e como estratégia o mapa inteligente para implementar ações de saúde na comunidade por meio da extensão que será desenvolvida com os alunos do primeiro semestre. Discussão: De acordo com a literatura, a extensão é uma obrigatoriedade na formação médica como componente curricular, sendo 10% da carga horária total do curso1. A interprofissionalidade e interdisciplinaridade é uma tendência nos cursos de graduação. Deste modo, é imprescindível capacitar os docentes para desenvolverem nos alunos as competências exigidas nas diretrizes nacionais curriculares. Conclusão: A experiência de planejamento para implantação do componente curricular possibilitou ampliar conhecimentos sobre trabalho colaborativo, extensão e atenção primária à saúde. A dificuldade foi definir a metodologia mais adequada. Após formação pedagógica foi decidido coletivamente utilizar a metodologia da problematização. A limitação foi finalizar o desenho completo apenas de uma etapa do curso. Sugere-se que outras universidades socializem as experiências bem sucedidas da implantação da extensão como componente curricular nos cursos de medicina.
Organic fertilizers in increase of hazelnut yield
Authors: Nikipelova O. , Pyliak N. , Hodorchuk V.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To assess the effect of various organic fertilizers on the yield of hazelnut plantations in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field experiment, laboratory-analytical, comparative.
Results. The influence of organic fertilizers of various origins was studied (cattle manure; chicken droppings; Biofertilizer No. 1 — sewage sludge (SW) of the biological treatment station (SBO) «Pivdenna» in Odesa + winter wheat straw + Microbacterium barkeri LP-1 (M. b.); Biofertilizer No. 2 — «Southern» SBO + sunflower seed husks + M. b.; «Pivdenna» SBO, Odesa) on the agrochemical parameters of ordinary medium-humus chernozem in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine for the cultivation of hazelnuts. It is shown that in comparison with the control of 2021 and 2022, an increase in the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, and organic matter is noted in all variants of the experiment.
Conclusions. The use of organic fertilizers of various origins for the cultivation of hazelnuts in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine helps to increase the content of the main agrochemical indicators of the soil — easily hydrolyzed nitrogen (91.0—98.0 mg/kg with 84.0 mg/kg — control), mobile phosphorus compounds (174.75—306.30 mg/kg at 138.75 mg/kg — control), potassium (112.00—166.90 mg/kg at 108.40 mg/kg — control) and organic matter (3.78—4.18% and 3.76% — control). The advantages of biofertilizers No. 1 and No. 2 based on sewage sludge with the use of vegetable fillers (winter wheat straw and sunflower seed husks) and the phosphate-mobilizing bacterium Microbacterium barkeri LP-1 are shown. Organic fertilizers contribute to the increase in the content of nutrients in the soil, the activation of the activity of eco-trophic groups of microorganisms, which leads to an increase in the biological activity of the soil and, accordingly, the yield of agricultural crops.
Productivity and basic indicators of common bean (haricot) modern varieties suitability for mechanized harvesting
Authors: Olifirovych S.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Investigation of plants height, a lower bean attachment height, 1000 seeds weight, ripening period duration, and productivity of common bean (haricot) modern varieties, depending on cultivating technological methods.
Methods. Field method — to determine the plants height and grain crop capacity; laboratory one — to determine the basic elements of common bean plant crop structure; statistical — for mathematical data processing by variance analysis method.
Results. All the six common (haricot) bean varieties investigated in the research, were bushy. However, the varieties Nata and Bukovynka showed the «chick-pea» (twisted) top appearance in years with excessive humidity. The variety Slavia was characterized by the lowest height of the lower bean attachment — 8.1—8.8 cm. Other researched varieties were more technologic. Particularly, the variety Galaktyka had the lower bean attachment height 10.1—10.6 cm, Bukovynka — 10.5—11.5, Nata — 10.5—11.8, Ros’ — 11.4—12.4 cm. The lower bean elevated location of the variety Otrada (12.9—13.5 cm) allows to minimize the losses during direct combine harvesting. All the varieties investigated by us had a medium-sized seed (from 201 tо 400 g). The smallest seed was in the variety Bukovynka — 204—212.6 g. The largest 1000 seeds weight was in the variety Galaktyka — 323.5—337.9 g. All the common bean vaieties researched in the experiment, except Galaktyka, exceeded the variety Bukovynka by grain yield. Thus, on the variant without seed inoculation and using potassium humate, the variety Galaktyka grain yield made 1.33 t/hа, which was by 34.5% less, compared to the variety Bukovynka. A complex use of inoculants and potassium humate provided a significant grain yield increase of the researched common bean varieties. The maximum yield increase in the research (0.27 t/hа or 11.0%) was obtained during pre-sowing seed inoculation and two foliar feedings with potassium humate of common bean stands of the variety Otrada.
Conclusions. All the varieties researched in the experiment are bushy, and bushy with a «chick-pea» (twisted) top and suitable for direct combine harvesting. The maximum grain yield level was provided by the following varieties: Otrada — 2.72 t/ hа; Nata — 2.65 t/hа, and Ros’ — 2.54 t/hа, during seed inoculation with biologics Rhizoactive + Rootella, complete mineral fertilizer introduction in dosage N32Р32К32, and two foliar feedings with potassium humate.
Prospective microorganisms for the storage of apple fruitsin the conditions of the refrigerator
Authors: Pyliak N. , Nikipelova O.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To select prom ising microorganisms from the collection of cultures of microorganisms with agronomically valuable properties of ETI «Biotechnica» of NAAS for storage of apple fruits in the refrigerator.
Methods. Research was conducted using generally accepted methods and methodical approaches used in microbiology and biotechnology.
Results. A set of studies was conducted to isolate harmful objects that affect apple fruits when stored in refrigeration conditions. As a result of research, such pathogenic microorganisms as: Botrytis (gray fruit rot); Rhizopus (gray mold); Aspergillus (black mold); Penicillium (green mold). In laboratory conditions, a study of the antagonistic activity of promising strains of microorganisms from the collection of ETI «Biotechnica» of NAAS against phytopathogens that were isolated from affected fruits was conducted. To perform the work, fungal and bacterial strains of microorganisms with fungicidal properties were selected from the institute’s collection.
Conclusions. It was established that the fungi of the genus Trichoderma showed high antagonistic activity against phytopathogens of fungal etiology. The delay in the growth of harmful objects was at the level of 90—100%. Antagonist fungal strains Gliocladium rozeum and Ampelomuces artemisia pcs. A-1, caused growth retardation zones of phytopathogens in the range of 75—80%, and Soniotirium minitans pcs. C-20 showed absolutely no antagonistic activity against phytopathogens affecting apple fruits. Among the bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aureofaciens pcs. 111 and Pseudomonas fluorenscens pcs. AR33, which suppressed the growth of phytopathogens by 85—90% due to high titers of viable cells and active metabolites. Among the bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aureofaciens pcs. 111 and Pseudomonas fluorenscens pcs. AR33, which suppressed the growth of phytopathogens by 85—90% due to high titers of viable cells and active metabolites.
The effect of the biopreparation Avatar-2 Zahyst application on seed potato productivity and viral diseases infestation in condition of southwestern Forest Steppe part of Ukraine
Authors: Semenchuk V. , Kharabara V.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To establish the effect of a multicomponent preparation of biologic origin on seed potato productivity and viral diseases infestation in condition of southwestern Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field method — the trial plots were set in selection-seed production rotation of Bukovinian state agricultural research station of Carpathian region Institute of agriculture NAAS. Laboratory-field method — determining crop capacity and tubers structure in a yield. Visual method — plants infestation assessment. Comparative-calculated method — to determine the potato stands productivity and viral diseases infestation degree.
Results. Avatar-2 Zahyst is a system-contact preparation of virulicidal, fungicidal, and antibacterial action. It is recommended for use on grain, technical, vegetable-, and fruit crops. The preparation is used for pre-sowing seed treatment, as well as for vegetating plants treatment. When determining the seed potato productivity depending on the biopreparation Avatar-2 Zahyst implementation, no significant difference in tubers yield was established; on the variety Slauta it stayed within 34.5—36.3 t/ hа, and on the variety Kimmeria 36.7—37.4 t/ hа. No any significant difference was established also in quantity and tubers mass per one bush, as well as in one tuber average mass, and tubers fractional composition in a harvest. When determining plants infestation with viral diseases, it was established, that the biopreparation Avatar 2 Zahyst application has influenced the decrease of seed potato stands infestation. The variety Slauta damage on the variant with seed poisoning and three-times spraying during vegetation made 2.5%, which is by 2—3% lower than on the control variant. The infestation of plants where only seed poisoning was implemented made 3—4%, when of those where three-times preparation application was carried out during vegetation — 2.0—4.0%, which is by 0.5—2.5 and 1.5—2.5% lower than the control variant, respectively. The same tendency was observed during the variety Kimmeria investigation.
Conclusions. The use of the biological product Avatar-2 Zahyst does not give a significant difference in the yield of tubers. The introduction of the biological product Avatar 2 Zahyst influenced the reduction of the incidence of viral diseases in potato seed plantations.
Ways of introduction of quarantine harmful organisms Spodoptera eridania, S. frugiperda, S. littoralis and S. litura
Authors: Sikura O. , Hunchak V. , Solomiichuk Ì.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Determine possible ways of introduction of quarantine harmful organisms S. eridania, S. frugiperda, S. littoralis and S. litura into the territory of Ukraine.
Methods. For each studied organism, the geographical distribution and spectrum of their host plants were taken into account. According to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, it was found out whether imported products, with which the investigated pests can be associated, arrive on the territory of Ukraine from the areas of their distribution. The possibility of penetration of quarantine species of scoops by natural means and the biological features of their distribution were evaluated.
Results. It was established that the main ways of penetration of the studied organisms are their distribution on the leaves of host plants with plant products, with vegetable products, planting material and decorative plants, plants in pots in the stages of eggs, larvae or pupae. The spread of pests naturally occurs due to imago flights over considerable distances. In addition, the presence of air currents can help the spread of quarantine scoops to even greater distances from the territories where their development takes place.
Conclusions. Scoop butterflies are naturally able to migrate long distances. The introduction of pests of the genus Spodoptera takes place in the stages of eggs, larvae or pupae, mainly with vegetable products, ornamental plants and soil mixtures imported into Ukraine. During a full-scale war between Russia and our countrythe presence of Russian military equipment in the partially occupied southern regions of Ukraine makes it possible for Spodoptera litura Fabr., which is common in the south of the Russian Federation, to enter Ukraine. Also, military equipment from those NATO countries where quarantine pests of the genus Spodoptera are widespread enters Ukraine.
Characteristics of the photosynthetic activity of corn using different drugs under stress
Authors: Solomiychuk M. , Safronova O.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To study under controlled conditions the effect of hormonal preparations based on humus extracts and anti-stress stimulants with a high content of amino acids and biologically active substances on the development of corn under conditions of stress, as well as their effect on the photosynthetic activity of plants.
Methods. The research was carried out in a climatic chamber (a room with adjustable control of temperature, daylight and air humidity) of the Ukrainian research plant quarantine station of the Institute of Plant Protection of the National Academy of Sciences. Photosynthetic activity was measured using a portable fluorometer «Floratest». During the growing season, two foliar feedings were carried out in the phase of development of corn VVSN 12, the first application of drugs during the growing season — VVSN 13, — the second application of drugs during the vegetation period — VVSN 14.
Results. The analysis of the induction curves of chlorophyll fluorescence and the indicators of the maximum background fluorescence showed a difference between the plants that were under soil moisture of 70% and 50% RH. When corn plants were in a state close to stress for a long time, the difference between the curves of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity between the two controls increased. The use of the studied drugs provided the finding of the indicator of the maximum value of fluorescence induction above the dry control in all variants of the experiment. Best results provided: preparation B (high concentrated suspension for nutrition and plant stress decreasing based upon the humus extract. They contented N — 150 g/l, K2O — 300 g/l, Mg — 30 g/l, metal cations in В, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn with additional adhesive effects and surfactant), at rate of application 0.5 and 0.25 l/ha; Axofol (high concentrated suspension from extract of brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum with microelements, B — 38.1 g/l, Mn — 10.2 g/l, Zn — 6.4 g/l) at rate of application 1.0 and 0.5 l/ha.
Conclusions. As the time of corn plants being in a state close to stress increases, the difference between the curve of chlorophyll fluorescence intensity in the wet control and the dry control increases. The use of the studied drugs provided the finding of the indicator of the maximum value of fluorescence induction above the dry control in all variants of the experiment. The use of the researched preparations in conditions of soil moisture of 50% ensured the improvement of vegetation indicators of plants.
Influence of humic preparations on the efficiency of vegetable crops protection against diseases
Authors: Borzykh O. , Serhienko V. , Tkalenko H. , Shyta O.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To investigate the effect of humic preparations on the efficiency of vegetable crops protection against diseases.
Methods. Informational and analytical (collection of materials and analysis of literary sources), field research (setting up experiments, monitoring of plant development, assessment, harvesting), mathematical and statistical (processing of research results). Humic preparations used vere Gumifield, w.g. (potassium salt of humic acids, 720 g/ kg), and Fulvital plus, WP (fulvic acids, 200 g/kg + microelements, 75 g/ kg) were used separately and in mixtures with fungicides for spraying plants during vegetation period. Experiments were conducted on cucumbers, tomatoes, white cabbage.
Results. During the years of research downy mildew dominated on cucumber and dry spot or alternaria — on tomato and white cabbage crops. Humic preparations, when applied separately, restrained the development of diseases on tomatoes at the level of 59—64%, on cucumbers — at the level of 46—69%. The protective effect was much higher when mixtures of humates with fungicides were used. Combined application of preparations Gumifield, w.g., 100 g/ha with Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG, w.g. (Metalaxyl-M, 40 g/ kg + mancozeb, 640 g/kg), 2 kg/ha and Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ ha with Ridomil Gold MC 68 WG, w.g., 2 kg/ha on tomatoes ensured efficiency on average level of 70.6 and 73.5% respectively. Application of mixtures Gumifield, w.g., 100 g/ha with Acrobat MC, w.g. (dimethomorph, 90 g/ kg + mancozeb, 600 g/ kg), 1.5 kg/ha and Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ha with Acrobat MC, w.g., 1.5 kg/ha on cucumbers ensured efficiency at level of 74.7% and 75.2%. On white cabbage the efficiency of mixtures of Rovral Aquaflo, SC (iprodione, 500 g/l), 1 l/ha with Gumifield, w.g. 100 g/ ha and Rovral Aquaflo, SC, 1 l/ha + Fulvital plus, WP 150 g/ ha was on average 70.8% and 77.4%, respectively. These results were close to or exceeded the protective effect of fungicides at full application rates. The use of humic preparations contributed to the increase in the yield of crops. The yield increase on various crops was from 10 to 21%.
Conclusions. Humic preparations have a positive effect on the growth, development and productivity of vegetable crops. The use of humic preparations alone and in mixtures with fungicides significantly limits damage to plants by diseases during the growing season and increases the yield of crops. The protective effect of humic preparations in mixtures with fungicides with reduced rates was at the level of fungicides with full rates. Due to the use of humic preparations, the pesticide load on the agrocenosis is reduced and the safety of vegetable products is increased.
Efficiency of application of the complex based on pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria on potato plantations in the Western Forest Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Gavryluck А. , Solomiychuk M. , Rozhok O.
Published: March 2024

Goal. To form effective complexes based upon bacterium Pseudomonas fluorenscens in combination with stimulation growth preparations and microelements with their efficiency study on potato plantations.
Methods. The researches conducted during 2021—2022 in breeding- seeding rotation on the base Ukrainian Research Plant Quarantine Station of Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS. The experiment conducted on variety Slovyanka. The preparations efficiency determined in different rates against fungi diseases. Records conducted as per generally approved techniques with experimental methods in plant pathology and plant protection.
Results. The efficiency of complex based upon Pseudomonas fluorescens АР-33 with stimulating matter nature and chelated microelementson potato plantations in growing period. The yield increased in 1.1—1.5 times during chelate 1 adding to preparation based upon bacterium Pseudomonas fluоrescens, and it increased in 1.3—1.6 times during chelate 2 addition. All biocomplexes combinations showed the preparation efficiency against Alternaria blight in scope 41.5—66.8%, but for late blight it had the following indexes 65.6—85.2.
Conclusions. Combinations with chelates № 2 (Fe + Mn + Zn + Mo + Co + B) provided best growing results and yield. The combination Pseudomonas fluоrescens + xymedon + accinic acid + DMAE2ml/l + DМSО2 ml/l chelate (3.6%) showed the best result against potato Alternaria blight. It’s efficiency consisted of 66.8%.The combination Pseudomonas fluоrescens + xymedon + accinic acid + DMAE2ml/l + DМSО2 ml/l chelate(3.6%) showed 85.2% against late blight. It was the best index.
Resistance of winter wheat varieties to root rots causative agents against artificial infection
Authors: Hrytsiuk N.
Published: March 2024

Goal. The study of the varieties of domestic and foreign selection of winter wheat for resistance to the main pathogens of root rot (Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana) and the determination of their harmfulness.
Methods. Laboratory method — for the isolation of pathogens in pure culture, for artificial infection with pathogens of root rot, for the determination of growth parameters of winter wheat; dispersive, statistical and regressive methods for the reliability of the obtained results.
Results. The agressiveness and the virulence of the main causative agents of winter wheat root rot under artificial seed infection have been established. The assessment of the resistance of winter wheat varieties to Fusarium and Helminthosporium root rot was carried out, the development of the disease in relatively resistant varieties ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 points, the spread was 10.0—45.5%; the development of weak–resistant varieties was 1.0—1.2 points, prevalence of 40.9—50.0%; the developmen tof susceptible varieties was 1.7—2.23 points, spreading — 71.8—94.0%. The harmfulness of Fesarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana on seedling and root length was studied. In susceptible to Fusarium rot varieties of Novosmuglianka, Poliska 90, Lisova Pisnia, the seedling length was reduced by 5.7—6.9 cm, the root length was reduced by 2.51—3.21 cm compared to relatively resistant Samurai varieties.
Conclusions. The most common types of root rot in Zhytomyr region are Fusarium and Helminthosporous root rot. No root rot resistant varieties of winter wheat were found among the research varieties, but relatively resistant and weak-resistant varieties were selected. For sowing on agricultural enterprises, relatively resistant to Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana varieties of Samurai, Kraievyd, Podolianka, Scagen can be recommended. Weak-resistant to Fusariosis can be recommended Bohemia, Podarunok Podillia varieties and weak-resistant to helminth sporiasis can be recommended Poliska 90. In protection of winter wheat crops from harmful organisms, the correct selection of varieties plays a special role, therefore, when developing the integrated protection technology, special attention should be paid to the varieties that show resistance to certain diseases and types of pathogens.
Influence study of the seed germination multigerm pollinators of the sugar beet on their productivity
Authors: Dubchak О.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Studies conducted on Verhnyachskoy experienced-selection stations. Purpose of the studies was define the influence hereditary conditioned sign seeds germination new candidate in multigerm pollinators (МP) of the sugar beet on productive quality of the material. Conduct the selection perspective number posterity F1 and define efficiency of the selection on their improvement.
Methods. Initial materials (IM) have served recombination (rk) МP foreign gene plasma productive rk БЗ4, БЗ5 БЗ6 БЗ7 and individual elections of their hybrids — synthetic, are received in result pollinate cross and have checked up crossbreeding, with high growing seed 80—95%. Standard — native pollinators Verhnyachkoy of an origin.
Results. Phenologicheskie of supervision, laboratory germination seeds and test of a grade carried out in the standard methods [1, 2]. It is installed that high seeds germination have inherited the posterity under number 547, 556, 563, 564 (93—96%). We tie this as with weather condition under grow seeds so and ingenious selection component crossbreeding. Beside them is fixed satisfactory factors on productivities (45.3—50.3 t/h) in comparison to IM (42 t/h) and standard (38 t/h). Contents sugar from 19.51—20.21%, standard has got 19.44. Collection sugar was within 9—10 t/h (standard — 7, IM — 8 t/h). Satisfactory posterity productivity, probably, have got not only as a result favorable climatic condition at years of the test, but also in greater degree they are inherited from high productivity of the source parental forms.
Conclusions. Have got the row new candidate in MP with improvement selection- and economic-valuable sign. Is established, that at creation new seeds of parental components of hybrids of sugar beet, it is necessary to take into account parameters of the genetic control of attributes of productivity, contents of sugar in IM and high quality of efficiency seeds. This spurs the posterity on temple ease of manufacturing, competitive ability and profit.
Monitoring of the phytosanitary condition of grape plantations in the South of Ukraine in 2022—2023
Authors: Klechkovskyi Yu. , Shmatkovska K.
Published: March 2024

Goal. Comprehensive study of pathogens of new diseases and pests, bioecological features of their development, trophic and ecological relationships in modern conditions of vineyards cultivation, taking into account pesticide load and climatic conditions, in order to develop forecasts of the development of major diseases and pests and optimize the technology of vineyard protection.
Methods. Monitoring studies of vineyard growing conditions in different agroecological zones of Ukraine. The research was conducted in the farms of Odesa region. The objects of monitoring are grape plantations of different planting periods and varietal assortment.
Results. The phytosanitary monitoring revealed the dynamics of the bunch borer population development. The species composition and dynamics of the number of phyto- and entomophages were determined in the grape plantations of the South of Ukraine. The dynamics of the number of phytophagous mites on grape plantations of Odesa region was studied. It was found that all the studied grape varieties are infested with mites to varying degrees. The most susceptible to mites are varieties of medium or late ripening.
Conclusions. The study of fungal diseases proved that these diseases are widespread in the grape plantations of the Northern Black Sea region, and their development depends on weather conditions during the growing season, age of plantations and biological characteristics of the variety.
Concept of Ar Joza Throughout All Era in Arabic Literature
Authors: Dr. Imrana Shahzadi  , Dr. Asif Ali Raza
Published: March 2024

Islam guides it's followers in all aspects of life. Poetry is part of literature in all languages specially in Arabic. Islam turned the poetry into effective and positive element of society. Urjuza is ancient type of Arabic poetry in the battle fields since early times. In Islamic history many companions used Urjuza for inspiring Muslims to jihad and propagating the message of Islam, like Abdullah bin ruwaha, Abu Dujana Abdullah bin Khaddad and may other.
This research demonstrates the impact of Urjuza in pre Islamic period and throw  light on contribution of Muslim poets writers and scholars in this field.
Indigenous livestock care practices in Kamlah, Mandi District, Himachal Pradesh: A preserving heritage
Authors: Thakur Shavnam , Rawat Suman
Published: March 2024

Cattle production has been an important source of livelihood for the rural communities. Current study aimed to documenting the indigenous traditional knowledge and practices related to livestock health care system among the people of Kamlah region of Sandhol tehsil of district Mandi (Himachal Pradesh). Reconnaissance surveys were conducted in this region from 2021 to 2022. A total of 65 informants (35 males & 30 females) were interviewed. Ethnoveterinary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and group discussions with elderly people, women, farmers and local herbal healers. In this study, 28 plant species belonging to 23 families were identified; in which herb (57%) were the maximum used life forms and leaves (43%) were the commonly used plant parts. The highest number of species recorded in families were Asparagaceae and Fabaceae (3 species each). A wide range of diseases or disorders of cattle such as bone fracture, eye infection, fever, heat stroke, insect bite, prolapsed uterus, skin disorders and stomach disorders are treated by the people of study area with the help of indigenous medicinal plants. The data was analysed using three ethnobotanical indices i.e., use value (UV), fidelity level (FL) and informant consensus factor (ICF). According to quantitative analysis, plant species with high UV values for curing live stock were Mentha spicata L. (0.92), Cassia fistula L. (0.77) and Stephania rotunda Lour. (0.77). FL% values ranged from 25 to 100% and ICF values ranged between 0.97 to 1.00. These findings were at primary level and provide basic information to the researchers for carrying out phytochemical and pharmacological investigations, to create more effective veterinary drugs.
A Review of IPO Underpricing: Evidences from Developed, Developing and Emerging Markets
Authors: Mehmood Waqas , Mohd Rashid Rasidah , Tajuddin Ahmad Hakimi
Published: March 2024

The empirical evidence of high initial return from Initial Public Offerings (IPO) phenomena known as underpricing. From last three decades, it is an ongoing issue of every financial market throughout the world. We review underpricing research in developed, developing and emerging markets. In this regard, a thorough review of existing literature has been done. In result, higher underpricing of IPOs is found in emerging markets than developing and developed market because in emerging market issuer of IPOs takes underpricing as a signal of their quality IPOs, where information asymmetry is a significant element. Furthermore, based on the review, we managed to pinpoint significant factors that influenced the initial return. However, scale of underpricing among different countries varies depending on the factors, discussed in detail. Various theories and proposition have developed in these three markets to elucidate the phenomena of underpricing. We believe that there exist few factors that could be used as the primary determinants of IPO underpricing in future. These factors are country specific environment, micro and macro-economic factors, quality of legal framework based on listing regulations, and socio-political factors and marketing of IPO, which could provide a promising area of research.
Development of a Project-Based Learning Module for the Subtopic of Natural Water Resources for Year TwoScience Subject
Authors: Mohd Razak Nur Raihana , Mat Daud Anis Nazihah , Ariffin Nurul Hazwani , Mohamad Abdul Zul Hanizam , Abdullah Norazilawati , Hasim Nurhafizah
Published: March 2024

Project-based learning (PjBL) is one of the learning strategies which can be used to develop the critical and creative thinking skills (CCTS) among students to ensure that they can compete despite facing various challenges in this globalisation era. Hence, this study was performed to develop a project-based learning module for the Natural Water Resources subtopic of Year Two Science subject. This study was a developmental study that involved the development of module according to five phases of ADDIE instructional design model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. However, this article only focuses on the development and validity analysis of the learning module which is in the development phase. The module was developed by applying PjBL strategy and consisted of the activity of designing and constructing Earth’s landform model that has natural water resources. The face validity and content validity of the Love Our Water Resources learning module were evaluated by three experts and analysed using descriptive statistical analysis to determine the value of expert agreement (EA) percentage. The finding analysis proved that the module had high EA percentages of 95% for face validity and 98% for content validity. In conclusion, the developed project-based learning module for the Natural Water Resources subtopic of Year Two Science subject has good face validity and content validity. The implication of this study is the developed learning module can be employed as a learning aid to develop the CCTS among Year Two students.
Events and Economic Sustainability: A Critical Commentary
Authors: Mair Judith , Foley Carmel , Edwards Deborah
Published: March 2024

This critical commentary focuses on the research in Event Management on economic sustainability and events. We begin with a broad definition of an economically sustainable event that builds on economic impact to include social equity, livability, and community well-being, and accounts
for environmental and social costs. We consider the methods, approaches, and types of events represented in the journal that lack diversity. The findings indicate that quantitative approaches predominate, focused on the direct and indirect contributions of visitor expenditure. Social, natural,
and community capital have received less attention. The review calls for greater consideration of the economic sustainability of events beyond the tourism contribution; longitudinal studies on the impacts of events on the economic well-being of communities; understanding how events impact
equity; correcting research bias towards Western developed economies by examining different contexts; exploring multiple event types; and investigating the role of planning in realizing economically sustainable events.
Reālisms un ideālisms 19. un 20. gadsimta mijas latviešu literatūrā
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte. Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, Kalnačs Benedikts ,   Liepājas Universitāte
Published: March 2024

The article traces late 19th and early 20th-century theoretical discussions of the concepts of realism and idealism and their impact on Latvian literature, paying attention to the terminological and ideological aspects and the poetics of literary texts. The introductory part explains the topicality of research on realism and idealism. The main body of the article traces the genesis of realism and idealism in 19th-century European and Latvian literature by using the up-to-date methodology of literary studies and the humanities. Detailed attention is paid to the late 19th and early 20th-century discussions in Latvia that explain the historical use of these concepts. By scrutinizing the available material, it is possible to conclude that concepts of realism and idealism are historically rooted and interactive. It is, therefore, possible to state that literary practices at times substantially deviate from 19th-century theory, where both concepts are used inconsistently and at times polarised. The up-to-date theoretical approach based on the methodology of cultural studies and new historicism that accentuates the polyphony of an age helps to reveal the many-sidedness of 19th-century literature and provides an insight into the possibilities and meanings of the concepts of realism and idealism. Such an approach opens up new potential for interpreting well-known texts by Latvian writers.
Latviešu modernisms PSRS: Roberta Eidemaņa piemērs
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte. Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, Ļaksa-Timinska Ilze
Published: March 2024

Soviet Latvian military officer and writer Roberts Eidemanis (1895–1937) lived and worked in the USSR after the October Revolution of 1917. He debuted as a writer before the First World War, working in poetry, drama and prose. In the 1920s, he became part of the diverse literary environment of the USSR, where various modernist currents worked alongside attempts to politicise and unify literature. The article aims to explore what Eidemanis’s Soviet-era prose was like – did it fit into a modernist literary paradigm, and what were these modernist features? The paper is structured in three sections. The first examines Eidemanis’s evolution as a writer, looking at his literary contribution before the First World War. The second section attempts to compare the novel “The Naked Year” (Golyj god, 1922) and its ornamental aesthetic by Eidemanis’s contemporary and friend Boris Pilnyak (real name Boriss Vogau) with Eidemani’s works, especially his long story “Surrounded” (Ielenktie, 1925). The third section examines the most prominent female characters in Eidemanis’s prose texts from the perspective of the new woman type. The methodological framework of the article is literary comparativism and close reading of texts; a feminist reading is used in the analysis of female characters. The article concludes that in the early 1920s, Eidemanis was influenced by the aesthetics of ornamental prose, elements of which he integrated into his work, especially in the long story “Surrounded”. It is also evident that Eidemanis presents a type of new woman in certain texts, giving his heroines the freedom to choose, open sexuality, highlighting the role of women in society and writing about taboo subjects. These aspects bring certain principles of Eidemanis’s text and character creation towards the modernist literary paradigm.
Ceļš uz savu valsti Annas Brigaderes romānā “Kvēlošā lokā”
Authors:   Latvijas Universitāte, Kalniņa Ieva
Published: March 2024

Anna Brigadere’s (1861–1933) novel “The Glowing Circle” (Kvēlošā lokā, 1928) is the writer’s only novel. The article examines how Brigadere recreated the path to the state’s founding in the novel and how she interpreted the events of that time. The aim of the article is to show in which aspects Brigadere creates the novel as the historical memory and cultural basis of the nation and in which aspects she expresses the views of her social group. The article uses materials in Latvian and German from the collections of the Museum of Literature and Music. The article uses case analysis – primary research case analysis and explanatory case analysis – to look at museum materials and their relationship to the text of the novel, as well as discourse analysis. Brigadere emphasises in the novel that the Republic of Latvia was established at a time when two countries (Russia and Germany) were trying to include it in their circle of interests, when people were involved in the war, and when it gradually became clear that only their own country could save the nation. In the novel, Brigadere opposes social-democratic and communist views. With the final solution of the novel, she joins the positivist tradition of Latvian literature.
Valda Rūmnieka un Andreja Miglas romāni latviešu biogrāfiskās literatūras kontekstā
Authors:   Liepājas Universitāte. Kurzemes Humanitārais institūts, Lāms Edgars
Published: March 2024

The article evaluates the biographical novels of the creative tandem of Valdis Rūmnieks (b. 1951) and Andrejs Migla (1940–2021) about the poet Aleksandrs Čaks (“Čaks”, 2010) and the sculptor Kārlis Zāle (“Trīs zvaigznes” ‘Three Stars’, 2013). Both novels are viewed in the context of the history of Latvian biographical novels and contemporary trends in biographical literature. The article aims to reveal the peculiarities of the biographical novels created in cooperation by the two authors and clarify the connections between traditional and new approaches. An attempt was made to classify biographical texts of different natures (documental, scientific and popular scientific biographies, and fictional biographical texts in diverse variations). The biographical novels of Rūmnieks and Migla are evaluated as works based on objective facts, where the creative imagination of authors also plays an important role, and episodes of hypothetical possibilities also have their place. The scenes of private and public life are interwoven in the narrative of both novels, marking the coordinates of the events of various historical periods and broadly expanding the contexts of cultural-historical processes. In the novel “Čaks”, the authors have experimented with the composition of the text, creating a particular form of acrostic novel. In the structure of their narrative, the authors have integrated the characteristic style elements of the poet Čaks, the characteristic texture and the artistic methods of his expression. The novels of Rūmnieks and Migla can be recognised as culturally significant and artistically interesting examples of Latvian biographical novels of the 21st century. The research used a combined methodology, cultural historical and biographical methods, and elements of literary mapping, marking the coordinates of the artistic expanse of the novels’ characters.
Double role of depression in gastric cancer: As a causative factor and as consequence
Authors: Christodoulidis Grigorios , Konstantinos-Eleftherios Koumarelas , Marina-Nektaria Kouliou
Published: March 2024

In this editorial we comment on the article “Hotspots and frontiers of the relationship between gastric cancer and depression: A bibliometric study”. Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy in the digestive system with increased mortality and morbidity rates globally. Standard treatments, such as gastrectomy, negatively impact patients' quality of life and beyond the physical strain, GC patients face psychological challenges, including anxiety and depression. The prevalence of depression can be as high as 57%, among gastrointestinal cancer patients. Due to the advancements in treatment effectiveness and increased 5-year overall survival rates, attention has shifted to managing psychological effects. However, the significance of managing the depression doesn’t lie solely in the need for a better psychological status. Depression leads to chronic stress activating the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading release of catecholamines inducing tumor proliferation, migration, and metastasis, contributing to GC progression. The dysregulation of neurotransmitters and the involvement of various signaling pathways underscore the complex interplay between depression and GC. Comprehensive strategies are required to address the psychological aspects of GC, including region-specific interventions and increased monitoring for depression. Understanding the intricate relationship between depression and GC progression is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies and improving overall outcomes for patients facing this complex disease. In this Editorial we delve into double role of depression in the pathogenesis of GC and as a complication of it.
Capsule endoscopy and panendoscopy: A journey to the future of gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Rosa Bruno , Cotter José
Published: March 2024

In 2000, the small bowel capsule revolutionized the management of patients with small bowel disorders. Currently, the technological development achieved by the new models of double-headed endoscopic capsules, as miniaturized devices to evaluate the small bowel and colon [pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy (PCE)], makes this non-invasive procedure a disruptive concept for the management of patients with digestive disorders. This technology is expected to identify which patients will require conventional invasive endoscopic procedures (colonoscopy or balloon-assisted enteroscopy), based on the lesions detected by the capsule, i.e., those with an indication for biopsies or endoscopic treatment. The use of PCE in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, namely Crohn’s disease, as well as in patients with iron deficiency anaemia and/or overt gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, after a non-diagnostic upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy), enables an effective, safe and comfortable way to identify patients with relevant lesions, who should undergo subsequent invasive endoscopic procedures. The recent development of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy to evaluate the upper GI tract, is a further step towards the possibility of an entirely non-invasive assessment of all the segments of the digestive tract, from mouth-to-anus, meeting the expectations of the early developers of capsule endoscopy.