bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENTION OF DEFECTS ON THE EARLY STAGES OF DESIGNING HARDWARE-SOFTWARE COMPLEXES ON THE BASIS OF THE POSITIONS OF THE THEORY OF INTERSUBJECTIVE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Gvozdev V. , Blinova D. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Chernyakhovskaya L. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Published: May 2017

This article discusses the actor’s role in the appointment of the functional properties of the base and gauge samples of hardware-software complexes.The features of formation of external appearance of the hardware-software complex from position of the provisions of intersubjective management theory are considered.The concepts of "harmful" and "useful" functions of hardware-software complexes based on the different actors point of view are given. It is proposed vector representation of the functional properties of the base samples, it is shown a multidimensional model that analyzes the properties of the hardware-software complexes with due regard for use of different modes and different actor’s opinions. An approach is proposed for the evaluation of the degree of deviation the properties of hardware-software complexes from basic and functional suitability of hardware-software complexes, taking into account the aggregate of actors estimates.
TRAINING TECHNIQUE FOR TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURES DESIGNING BASED ON A VARIABLE DENSITY BODY MODELS
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev, Boldyrev A. , Pavelchuk M. ,   Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev
Published: May 2017

The article describes the training principles for topological structures designing. The ontology of subject area "The structural load-carrying layout designing" is given. The training technique of automated designing structural layouts using deformed solid body model with variable density is proposed. The educational process is based on creative pedagogy methods and is carried out in the environment of an educational and scientific virtual enterprise. The classification of training assignments for structural layouts designing is presented. Assignments are characterized by a multiplicity of engineering solutions and uncertainty in decision-making by rational structural layout. An example of a training assignment with the spatial design area, showing the aircraft fuselage structural layout designing in cutout region, based on deformed solid body model with variable density is given. The problems of assessment of training results the topological structural designing are considered. The results of the pedagogical experiment, demonstrating efficiency of the proposed training technique, are presented.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR INTERACTIVE BUSINESS PROCESSES MANAGEMENT IN PROJECT-ORIENTED ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation University, Barmina O. , Nikulina N. ,   Ufa State Aviation University
Published: May 2017

This article deals with the knowledge re-using and the organization of decision support systems. Management organizations enterprises as complex dynamic systems in modern conditions is impossible without using information technology. The problem knowledge re-using is most relevant, since it allows you to organize the mechanism of decision making without involving domain experts. Due to the knowledge, re-using engineering costs and development time are reduced and project quality increases. The article describes a method of forming an ontological description of interactive business-processes in IT projects. An ontology fragment of the problem situation is presented. The novelty of the mathematical model underlying the intellectual system is the combination of different mechanisms of logical inference. A strategic map of the consulting organization was developed, making it possible to assess the achievement of goals and the economic efficiency of decisions taken with the help of an intellectual system.
Quality Control of Transmission Line Engi-neering in Wind Power Plant
Authors: Wang Peng
Published: May 2017

The most critical component of a wind power plant is the transmission line, which carries two key tasks – the transpor-tation and distribution of electricity. The transmission line is also responsible for the various substations, wind power stations to contact to its safe and smooth operation. As the competition order of wind power projects is more chaotic, the quality of the project cannot be supervised and controlled by the whole process. The quality control of the project is not up to standard, and the overall quality of the transmission line will be affected. This paper focuses on two aspects of the elaboration, one is the wind turbine transmission line project common quality problems; the other is how to build wind power plant transmission line quality assurance system.
La palabra en la cultura wayúu
Authors: Polo Figueroa Nicolás
Published: May 2017

Las principales manifestaciones de la cultura: mitos, relatos, cantos, saberes, valores emplean como medio de expresión la palabra. El sistema de normas de los wayúu es aplicado por un personaje, originado en lo mítico de la etnia, el pütchipü'üi. Su valía está sustentada en el manejo responsable y serio de la palabra. Un símbolo que para los wayúu tiene carácter perlocutivo en todas las situaciones de la vida, máxime en las situaciones conflictivas. El medio en que se materializa la palabra es la lengua wayúunaiki, un sistema lingüístico que está en plena vitalidad. Nuestro propósito es visibilizar este aspecto de la cultura wayúu, desconocida en ámbito nacional; además, demostrar que la palabra es pilar clave en el sistema normativo wayúu.
La atenuación en Barranquilla: estudio sociopragmático
Authors: Torres Fontalvo Yasmín , Rodríguez Cadena Yolanda
Published: May 2017

En este artículo se analizan los atenuantes que se utilizan en Barraquilla y su relación con variables sociales y pragmáticas, sexo, edad, nivel de instrucción de los hablantes; y el tipo de interlocutor, en sus rasgos, edad y sexo.  El análisis tuvo dos etapas: la cualitativa en la que se analizaron las estrategias de atenuación, las marcas y sus funciones pragmático-semánticas asociadas a las funciones y contenidos que los hablantes construyen en sus discursos. La segunda etapa es la cuantitativa que se llevó a cabo con estadística descriptiva e inferencial mediante el software Goldvarb 2001. La muestra se tomó del corpus Preseea que contiene 72 informantes. Los resultados evidenciaron que los atenuantes en Barranquilla covarían con los factores sociales, el género discursivo y el factor pragmático, tipo de interlocutor; este a su vez influye en el uso de los atenuadores, cuando el hablante y el interlocutor coinciden en el sexo.
Fernando González: Caminando por su novela Viaje a pie
Authors: Giraldo Gutiérrez Francisco Luis , Numpaque Acosta Andrea María , Londoño Vásquez David Alberto
Published: May 2017

Fernando González, ícono de la tradición literaria antioqueña, ha hecho que hoy en día las profundas y polémicas ideas sobre la realidad de su época lo presenten como un escritor con alta sensibilidad social, política y un constante renegar religioso. “Caminar” por la obra Viaje a pie, es precisamente eso: recorrer los senderos que él transitó en un tiempo. En el presente artículo se busca conocer la concepción que el autor tiene sobre la geografía, el amor, el desamor, la familia, la política y la religión, procurando así una caracterización del pensador envigadeño, la contextualización de los hechos y escenarios presentes en la obra referenciada.
La actitud de escucha, fundamento de la comunicación y la democracia en el aula
Authors: Motta Ávila J. Humberto
Published: May 2017

El artículo busca dar cuenta de la actitud de escucha de estudiantes y docentes como fundamento de la comunicación y la democracia en el aula de clases. Presenta una síntesis del diagnóstico actual de la escucha áulica, y los referentes teóricos que sustentan la relación escucha-comunicación-democracia. El proceso metodológico está basado en las tradiciones fenomenológica y hermenéutico- reflexiva. Como resultado se explica que el acto de escucha es condición indispensable del acto pedagógico de aula, que la escucha ha devenido en disonancia y déficit de la democracia y en la esencia de la conversación democrática.
Una puesta en escena: la oralidad como performance en la vida escolar
Authors: Arias Cortés Diego
Published: May 2017

El objetivo del artículo es presentar una revisión de los Derechos Básicos de Aprendizaje (DBA) y de los Estándares Básicos de Competencias del Lenguaje (EBCL) relacionados con la oralidad que en estos se propone, específicamente de grado sexto a undécimo. A ello se suma una comparación con las propuestas de autores cuyo trabajo con el discurso oral tiene un reconocimiento a nivel nacional e internacional, y que está emparentado con la oralidad entendida como performance. A partir de este ejercicio se proponen unas estrategias pedagógicas procedentes de las discusiones y experiencias que se han tenido con los estudiantes del grupo de estudio El discurso oral en el Quindío: de la Academia a la cotidianidad (DOQAC), encaminadas a explorar y experimentar algunas características de la oralidad, que apenas se sugieren en los DBA y en los EBCL.
Mass Media y consumo musical en estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria en Brasil
Authors: De Quadros Júnior João Fortunato Soares
Published: May 2017

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal discutir la influencia de los mass media y de otros agentes de la educación informal en las preferencias musicales de estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria en Brasil. Como datos empíricos, fue desarrollado una investigación con 940 estudiantes (mujeres y hombres) de Vitória (Espírito Santo-Brasil), los cuales confirmaron los mass media como los principales agentes determinantes en su predilección musical, entre los cuales se destacan el internet y la radio, seguidos por la influencia de los amigos y de la televisión. Por lo tanto, se enfatiza la importancia de crear políticas públicas que favorezcan el acceso y difusión musical por diferentes medios, valorizando especialmente su inserción en la educación formal y no-formal, hecho que probablemente suavizaría la potencial soberanía de los agentes mediáticos.
La inclusión: una historia de exclusión en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje
Authors: Ramírez Valbuena Wilmar Ángel
Published: May 2017

Desde el inicio de la civilización, algunas personas han sido sometidas a la exclusión social, ya sea por deficiencias cognoscitivas, físicas, religiosas, económicas, de pensamiento, entre otras. Lo anterior les ha negado un desarrollo integral, creando brechas que divide la sociedad en dos, los incluidos y los excluidos. Este artículo informa sobre una experiencia investigativa que buscó analizar los resultados del proyecto de Inclusión Educativa implementado en la Institución Educativa Técnico Comercial de Jenesano (Boyacá), desde el año 2011. Para dar cuenta de los resultados, se utilizaron encuestas, la observación directa y otros instrumentos investigativos. Los hallazgos plantean grandes logros relacionados con la asimilación de los niños con necesidades educativas especiales al aula de clase tradicional. También, se reconocen varias falencias relacionadas con los estudiantes que no pertenecían al grupo de inclusión y que, después de la experiencia, se sentían excluidos.
Editorial
Authors: Bustamante Vélez Lucía
Published: May 2017

La revista Cuadernos de Lingüística Hispánica es un órgano de difusión de la Maestría en Lingüística y del Doctorado en Lenguaje y Cultura, de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (Uptc), que cumple ya 30 años de difusión; está dirigida a investigadores (estudiantes, docentes y profesionales) nacionales y extranjeros interesados en el área de humanidades. Está integrada por un Editor, un Asistente Editorial, un Comité Editorial y un Comité Científico que examinan la calidad editorial y científica y definen la publicación de los manuscritos recibidos. Cada miembro es evaluado a partir de su productividad académica publicada en otras revistas afines a la cobertura temática de Cuadernos de Lingüística Hispánica.
Funcionalidad familiar y estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer de mama
Authors: Acosta-Zapata Estefany , López-Ramón Concepción , Martínez-Cortés María Evelin , Zapata-Vázquez Rosario
Published: May 2017

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre la funcionalidad familiar y las estrategias de afrontamiento en las pacientes con cáncer de mama. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal de correlación, en el cual participaron 63 mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama entre 2 a 24 meses de evolución. Se estudiaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas mediante una entrevista; las estrategias de afrontamiento con el instrumento “Inventario de Estrategias de Afrontamiento” y funcionalidad familiar con el cuestionario de Percepción de Función Familiar FFSIL. La información obtenida se procesó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS 23, se empleó estadística descriptiva y analítica, Pearson, X2 y razón de prevalencia. Resultados. Las estrategias de afrontamiento más utilizadas fueron las de tipo activo en 68% de las mujeres estudiadas, siendo la resolución de problemas la más frecuente en 43%. Los factores que se relacionaron con el afrontamiento activo fueron edad (p.019), estado civil (p= .013), y pertenecer a familia funcional (p=.000). Conclusiones. La funcionalidad familiar es un factor protector para las estrategias de afrontamiento activo en las pacientes con cáncer de mama.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON MULTIBAND ARROW SHAPE PATCH ANTENNAWITH INVERTED V-SLOT
Authors:   Department of Electronics, Mangalore University, Mangalore-574199, Karnataka, India, P. A Ambresh , A.A Sujata ,   Godutai Engineering College for Women, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India, Hadalgi P M ,   Department of Applied Electronics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585106, Karnataka, India, Hunagund P.V. ,   Department of Applied Electronics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585106, Karnataka, India
Published: May 2017

A multiband arrow shape patch antenna with inverted V slot (MASPAIVS) is designed and proposed for 3.5 GHz frequency. The antenna is designed with novel inverted wide V-slot and arrow shape patch is fed with a microstripline feed method. The wide inverted V-slot make the antenna to have multiple resonances to operate in the frequency bands of 1 GHz to 13 GHz achieving a maximum impedance bandwidth of 37.38 % in the satellite applications operating band. The antenna shows good return loss characteristics and operates in the L, S, C-Band and military X-band making it suitable for Wi-Max, WLAN and Satellite applications.
Spiral Bearing Lubrication with Viscosity Variation And Thermal Effect of Two Layer Fluid
Authors: Ganapathi M. , Vijayakumarvarma S. , Prasad K.R.K. , Kumar Bharath
Published: May 2017

In this paper a fluid film equation for two layer fluids and generalized Reynolds equation for convergent and divergent spiral bearing is derived with thermal effect. It is applied to see the effect of pre-load factor, viscosity variation, eccentricity, peripheral layer thickness. Expressions for load, pressure and coefficient of friction are derived and are analyzed numerically. The effect of pre-load factor analyzed for convergent and divergent spiral bearings. When pre-load factor is zero then both convergent and divergent spiral bearings are becomes journal bearing. It is observed the dimensionless load capacity values form the tables. The spiral bearing bears more load capacity than journal bearing. The effects of viscosity variation and thermal effect on these parameters are also analyzed.
Underground Water Quality in Major Paddy Plants Growing Area of Mayiladuthurai Taluk of Nagapattinam District in Tamil Nadu – India
Authors: Vincentraj A. , Kalyanasundharam S. , Arokiyaraj A. , Pasupathy N. , Arokiaraj S. Leo , Sathya D.
Published: May 2017

Water is essential for agriculture. Most of the farmers depending upon the ground water for irrigation purpose, but now a days the underground water is going to towards very deep down level. Because our environment affected by water drought, pollution and lack of rain falls. It will be creating negative effects to cultivation .In this present study is to assess the underground  water quality in Mayiladuthurai Taluk of Nagapattinam District in Tamil Nadu. Totally 30 underground water samples were collected, which covers 10 Revenue villages in Mayiladuthurai Taluk, 3 samples from each Revenue village and analyzed all the physico - chemical parameters such as pH, EC, Ca, Na, K, SO4, Cl, Mg , CO3, and HCO3 and the water quality index SAR, RSC, Geo-chemical types, classification were determined by standard methods, standard calculation  and by using standard instruments. Then the irrigation water quality results were compared with standard values Recommended by World Health Organization (WHO), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). The proposed work is very essential not only for crop production but also to maintain soil fertility, to maintain hazardous free environment and to enhance the living standard and in turn to uplift our Agriculturist.
Dissipation Behavior of a Mancozeb Residue (Dithiocarbamate Fungicide) in Tomato Under South Moroccan Climatic Condition
Authors: Addi El Habib Ait
Published: May 2017

Dissipation behavior of mancozeb, a widely used dithiocarbamte fungicide, applied under field condition on tomato at recommended dose was undertaken under greenhouses and open field during October and March in Souss-Massa area (south of Morocco) climatic condition. Residue levels of mancozeb were determined by using a simple method consisting in a hot acid digestion of the whole sample to evolve carbon disulfide (CS2), which is further quantified by spectrophotometry. Degradation rate in both open field and greenhouse followed first order kinetic. Half lives were 1.77 and 1.3 days in open field and in greenhouse were 2.0 and 1.8 days for October and March period respectively. Based on the observation reported, a pre harvested interval of at least three days after pesticide application at recommended dose may be suggested.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of New Series of Schiff Bases Derived from Hexamethylenediamine as Potential Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Jean-Baptiste KANGAH Niameke , Guillaume KODJO Charles , Adama OUATTARA Zana , Claude KABLAN Ahmont Landry , Jacques DIBI Konan , Antoine KOUAME Bosson , Nahosse Ziao
Published: May 2017

We report herein synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of four Shiff bases derived from hexamethylenediamine. Substitution of a nitro group on each aromatic ring in ortho, meta or para positions of N,N'-bis(phenylmethyl)hexane-1,6-diimineallowed to have a homogeneous series of positional isomers. These four symmetric diimine Schiff bases were characterized by conventional spectrometry methods (NMR, IR, MS), then tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Among them, compounds 1b, 1c, 1d were found to be active against bacterial strain Staphylococcus aureus CIP with MIC value of 375μg/ ml, 187.5μg /ml and 375μg /ml respectively. Candida Albicans fungal strain showed resistance to all synthesized Schiff base compounds, butin the other hand, Candida glabrata has been sensitive to all compounds with MIC of 1500μg/ ml and one more time except 1a.
Biomedical Waste Management in Hospitals – A Review
Authors: Agrawal Deepali , Dalal Parag , Srivastava J. K.
Published: May 2017

Biomedical waste management is receiving larger attention because of recent regulations of the biomedical Wastes (Management & Handling Rules, 1998). Inadequate management of biomedical waste may be associated with risks to healthcare employees, patients, communities and their environment. The current study was conducted to assess the quantities and proportions of different constituents of wastes, their handling, treatment and disposal way in numerous health-cares. In this research, we try to elaborate and discuss the of Bio-medical waste management procedure of Ujjain city. Various health care units were surveyed using a modified survey form for waste management. This form was obtained from the world Health Organization (WHO), with the aim of assessing the processing systems for biomedical waste disposal. Hazards related to poor biomedical waste management and shortcomings in the existing system were identified. The development of waste management policies, plans, and protocols are suggested, in addition to establishing training programs on correct waste management for all healthcare workers.
A Review of Test Data Generation and Adequacy Criteria
Authors: Rajput Sheetal
Published: May 2017

In the software testing a real way of measuring effective testing is that the system passes an adequate suite of test cases, and then it must be correct or dependable. But that’s impossible because the adequacy of test suites is provably undecidable. So we’ll have to settle adequacy Design rules to highlight inadequacy of test suites. Design rules do not guarantee good designs. Good design depends on talented, creative, disciplined designers and that can be the best test suite set to fulfill adequacy criteria.
Swarm Intelligence Based Traffic Control System
Authors: Kosanam Bindu Varshini , Kukkadapu Abhinay
Published: May 2017

Traffic congestion is one of the major problems in many of metro cities all over the world today. It affects daily life in many aspects such as improper time management, stress, frustration which leads to reckless driving. Average time to reach destination is decided by travel speed which is directly proportional to traffic congestion and also the wait time at each and every traffic signal. In this paper a novel Swarm Intelligence based Traffic Control System (SITS) inspired from nature mimicking (Particle Swarm Optimization) is discussed. This State of the art SITS with Six Degrees of Separation approach to traffic congestion is applying swarm intelligence to traffic lights to avoid waiting of vehicles at red light decreasing wait time and congestion. Here cars will not take random paths or will not take dynamic routes. Six degrees of separation will be employed at each node (traffic signal) to limit computational power and to improve efficiency.
The Scholarly Influence of Orthopaedic Research According to Conventional and Alternative Metrics
Authors: Evaniew Nathan , Adili Anthony F. , Ghert Michelle , Khan Moin , Madden Kim , Smith Christopher , Bhandari Mohit
Published: May 2017

Background:

Researchers are experiencing an innovative shift toward online distribution of their work, and metrics related to online scholarly influence are gaining importance. Our objectives were to determine which types of online activity are most prevalent in orthopaedics, to identify associated factors, and to explore a complementary approach to measuring overall scholarly influence using online activity and conventional citations.

Methods:

We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of surgical or nonsurgical interventions in participants with, or at specific risk for, injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. We collected data on online activity in social media, mainstream media, blogs, forums, and other sources from a commercial provider of alternative metric data for medical journals. We tested associations with use of negative binomial regression.

Results:

We identified 1,697 trials, published between 2011 and 2014, that had a total of 12,995 conventional citations and 15,068 online mentions. The median number of online mentions of each trial was 2 (interquartile range, 0 to 5). Twitter (82%) and Facebook (13%) mentions were the most prevalent types of online activity. Counts of online mentions correlated with conventional citations (r = 0.11, p < 0.01) but accumulated more rapidly. Higher total counts of online mentions were consistently associated with longer time since publication, higher journal impact factor, higher author h-index values, and less risk of bias (p < 0.01 for each). We found the best model fit for a complementary approach by weighting citations and online mentions equally.

Conclusions:

Online activity in orthopaedics is dominated by activity on Twitter and Facebook and is associated with increasing time since publication, journal impact factor, and author h-index values, and less risk of bias. Institutions, publishers, funding agencies, and clinicians may consider a complementary approach to measuring scholarly influence that weights online mentions and conventional citations equally.
Differences in water balance between grassland and forest watersheds using long-term data, derived using the CoupModel
Authors: Madani Erik MirHadi , Jansson Per Erik , Babelon Ian
Published: May 2017

To quantify the role of land cover during a period of climate change, the runoff response is studied for Plynlimon in Wales, UK. The main objective was two-fold: (i) to create a protocol for modeling water balance on a daily basis; and (ii) to describe the extent to which the impact of land-use changes can be identified and supported by the long-term monitoring data of runoff from two neighboring watersheds with different land covers. The process-oriented CoupModel platform was used to set up the model with a well-defined uncertainty for selected parameters. The behavioral ensembles were applied to simulated daily discharge data for the period of 1992–2010 using subjective criteria to reduce the prior 35,000 candidates with a random uniform distribution of 40 parameters. The accepted ensemble was reduced to 100 candidates by accepting the best root-mean-square error (RMSE) on the accumulated residuals during the simulation period. Similar good performance for the entire period and both watersheds was obtained. The differences in interception evaporation accounted for the most important differences between forest and grassland. The obtained residual demonstrated that changes in the forest cover had an impact on the water balance during the first part of the simulation period.
Tracking the downstream impacts of inadequate sanitation in central Appalachia
Authors: Cantor Jacob , Krometis Leigh-Anne , Sarver Emily , Cook Nicholas , Badgley Brian
Published: May 2017

Poor sanitation in rural infrastructure is often associated with high levels of fecal contamination in adjacent surface waters, which presents a community health risk. Although microbial source tracking techniques have been widely applied to identify primary remediation needs in urban and/or recreational waters, use of human-specific markers has been more limited in rural watersheds. This study quantified the human source tracking marker Bacteroides-HF183, along with more general fecal indicators (i.e. culturable Escherichia coli and a molecular Enterococcus marker), in two Appalachian streams above and below known discharges of untreated household waste. Although E. coli and Enterococcus were consistently recovered in samples collected from both streams, Bacteroides-HF183 was only detected sporadically in one stream. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between the concentration of E. coli and the proximity and number of known waste discharge points upstream; this correlation was not significant with respect to Bacteroides-HF183, likely due to the low number of quantifiable samples. These findings suggest that, while the application of more advanced source targeting strategies can be useful in confirming the influence of substandard sanitation on surface waters to justify infrastructure improvements, they may be of limited use without concurrent traditional monitoring targets and on-the-ground sanitation surveys.
An optical method for characterizing carbon content in ceramic pot filters
Authors: Goodwin J. Y. , Elmore A. C. , Salvinelli C. , Reidmeyer Mary R.
Published: May 2017

Ceramic pot filter (CPF) technology is a relatively common means of household water treatment in developing areas, and performance characteristics of CPFs have been characterized using production CPFs, experimental CPFs fabricated in research laboratories, and ceramic disks intended to be CPF surrogates. There is evidence that CPF manufacturers do not always fire their products according to best practices and the result is incomplete combustion of the pore forming material and the creation of a carbon core in the final CPFs. Researchers seldom acknowledge the existence of potential existence of carbon cores, and at least one CPF producer has postulated that the carbon may be beneficial in terms of final water quality because of the presence of activated carbon in consumer filters marketed in the Western world. An initial step in characterizing the presence and impact of carbon cores is the characterization of those cores. An optical method which may be more viable to producers relative to off-site laboratory analysis of carbon content has been developed and verified. The use of the optical method is demonstrated via preliminary disinfection and flowrate studies, and the results of these studies indicate that the method may be of use in studying production kiln operation.
Bentonite and montmorillonite nanoparticles effectiveness in removal of fluoride from water solutions
Authors: Naghizadeh Ali , Gholami Khadijeh
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of montmorillonite and bentonite nanoparticles in removal of fluoride from water solutions. This experimental study has been conducted in batch condition in which the effects of different parameters such as contact time, pH, initial concentration of fluoride and amount of adsorbent mass have been investigated. Finally thermodynamics, isotherm and kinetics of the both adsorbents have been studied. The maximum adsorption capacity for both adsorbents occurred at fluoride concentration of 20 mg/L, contact times of 60 minutes, pH = 3 and adsorbent mass of 0.25 g/L. The adsorption process was exothermic and the result of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm study show that bentonite nanoparticles behave more similar to the Langmuir isotherm model and montmorillonite nanoparticles behave according to the both isotherms. Furthermore, the adsorption of fluoride by bentonite in all studied fluoride concentrations and montmorillonite in higher fluoride concentrations followed pseudo second-order kinetics.
Modelling spatio-temporal heterogeneities in groundwater quality in Ghana: a multivariate chemometric approach
Authors: Armah Frederick Ato , Paintsil Arnold , Yawson David Oscar , Adu Michael Osei , Odoi Justice O.
Published: May 2017

Chemometric techniques were applied to evaluate the spatial and temporal heterogeneities in groundwater quality data for approximately 740 goldmining and agriculture-intensive locations in Ghana. The strongest linear and monotonic relationships occurred between Mn and Fe. Sixty-nine per cent of total variance in the dataset was explained by four variance factors: physicochemical properties, bacteriological quality, natural geologic attributes and anthropogenic factors (artisanal goldmining). There was evidence of significant differences in means of all trace metals and physicochemical parameters (p < 0.001) between goldmining and non-goldmining locations. Arsenic and turbidity produced very high value F's demonstrating that ‘physical properties and chalcophilic elements’ was the function that most discriminated between non-goldmining and goldmining locations. Variations in Escherichia coli and total coliforms were observed between the dry and wet seasons. The overall predictive accuracy of the discriminant function showed that non-goldmining locations were classified with slightly better accuracy (89%) than goldmining areas (69.6%). There were significant differences between the underlying distributions of Cd, Mn and Pb in the wet and dry seasons. This study emphasizes the practicality of chemometrics in the assessment and elucidation of complex water quality datasets to promote effective management of groundwater resources for sustaining human health.
Bioleaching in batch tests for improving sludge dewaterability and metal removal using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans after cold acclimation
Authors: Zhou Qingyang , Gao Jingqing , Li Yonghong , Zhu Songfeng , He Lulu , Nie Wei , Zhang Ruiqin
Published: May 2017

Bioleaching is a promising technology for removal of metals from sludge and improvement of its dewaterability. Most of the previous studies of bioleaching were focused on removal of metals; bioleaching in cold environments has not been studied extensively. In this study, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans were acclimated at 15 °C and co-inoculated to explore the optimal conditions for improvement of sludge dewaterability and removal of metals by the sequencing batch reactors. The data show after 6 days of bioleaching at 15 °C, 89.6% of Zn, 72.8% of Cu and 39.4% of Pb were removed and the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) was reduced to ~12%. In addition, the best conditions for bioleaching are an initial pH of 6, a 15% (v/v) inoculum concentration, and A. thiooxidans and A. ferrooxidans mixed in a ratio of 4:1. We found that bioleaching of heavy metals is closely related to final pH, while the sludge SRF is dominated by other factors. Bioleaching can be completed in 6 days, and the sludge dewaterability and removal of metals at 15 °C meet the requirements of most sewage treatment plants.
Implementation of the anaerobic digestion model (ADM1) in the PHREEQC chemistry engine
Authors: Huber Patrick , Neyret Christophe , Fourest Eric
Published: May 2017

Anaerobic digestion is state-of-the-art technology to treat sludge and effluents from various industries. Modelling and optimisation of digestion operations can be advantageously performed using the anaerobic digestion model (ADM1) from the International Water Association. The ADM1, however, lacks a proper physico-chemical framework, which makes it difficult to consider wastewater of complex ionic composition and supersaturation phenomena. In this work, we present a direct implementation of the ADM1 within the PHREEQC chemistry engine. This makes it possible to handle ionic strength effects and ion-pairing. Thus, multiple mineral precipitation phenomena can be handled while resolving the ADM1. All these features can be accessed with very little programming effort, while retaining the full power and flexibility of PHREEQC. The distributed PHREEQC code can be easily interfaced with process simulation software for future plant-wide simulation of both wastewater and sludge treatment.
Call a Vegetable a Vegetable: Perceptions and Taste Ratings
Authors: Reeves Janel , Thompson Sharon , Floyd Alexandria
Published: May 2017

Background:

Research is mixed regarding how nutritional value of food can influence perceptions about taste, particularly among children. This study examined children’s perceptions of vegetable-enhanced snacks and milk substitutes prior to and after tasting.

Methods:

Two taste tests were performed with two groups of elementary age children (n = 29 and n=22). Prior to each tasting, they were made aware of the food being tasted. Participants provided perceptions of taste prior to sampling and also after tasting. Data were analyzed with paired two sample t-tests. In Taste Test #1, children gave spinach brownies higher ratings after tasting (prior: M=2.24; after: M = 2.86, p < .05) and rated cheesy sweet potato crisps lower after tasting (prior: M = 2.45, after: M = 1.48, p < .05). In Taste Test #2, children rated both vanilla soymilk (prior: M = 1.91, after: M = 2.64, p < .05) and zucchini oatmeal cookies (prior: M = 1.73, after: M = 2.46, p < .05) higher after tasting.

Conclusion:

Consumption of vegetable enhanced foods or milk substitutes may be encouraged without deception in order to promote a more nutrient dense diet among elementary-aged children.
Randomized Controlled Trial for the Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Vascular Stiffness in CKD
Authors: Levin Adeera , Tang Mila , Perry Taylor , Zalunardo Nadia , Beaulieu Monica , Dubland Joshua A. , Zerr Kelly , Djurdjev Ognjenka
Published: May 2017

Background and objectives

Vitamin D is implicated in vascular health in CKD. This study compared placebo, calcifediol, and calcitriol treatment with changes in vascular stiffness, BP, proteinuria, mineral metabolism parameters, C-reactive protein, and fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients with stable CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial in out-patient CKD clinics in Vancouver, Canada, from February of 2011 to August of 2014, enrolling 119 patients with an eGFR of 15–45 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Change in pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured after 6 months of treatment with a fixed dose of oral calcifediol (5000 IU 25-hydroxyvitamin D3), calcitriol (0.5 µg 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), or placebo, thrice weekly.

Results

Eighty-seven participants were evaluated. Mean age was 66 years, 71% were men, 40% were diabetic, and mean baseline PWV was 11.5 m/s (SD=3.9 m/s). After 6 months, the PWV decreased in the calcifediol group (mean change, −1.1; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], −2.2 to 0.1 m/s), remained unchanged in the calcitriol group (mean change, 0.2; 95% CI, −0.9 to 1.4 m/s), and increased in the placebo group (mean change, 1.1; 95% CI, −0.1 to 2.2 m/s). The overall P value for between-arm changes was 0.03. Absolute PWV change was significantly different between groups (P=0.04): the combined vitamin D treatment group saw decreased PWV (mean change, −0.4; 95% CI, −1.2 to 0.4 m/s) whereas the placebo group saw increased PWV (mean change, +1.1; 95% CI, −0.1 to 2.2 m/s). The treatment group demonstrated significantly decreased serum parathyroid hormone (mean difference, −0.5; 95% CI, −0.7 to −0.3 ln[pg/ml]; P<0.001) and increased calcium (mean difference, 0.4; 95% CI, −0.1 to 0.7 mg/dl; P=0.02). In observational analysis, participants in the highest 25-hydroxyvitamin D tertile at trial end had significant decreases in PWV (mean change, −1.0; 95% CI, −2.0 to 0.0 m/s) compared with the middle and lowest tertiles (P<0.01). Side effects were minor and rare.

Conclusions

Six months of supplemental vitamin D analogs at fixed doses may achieve a reduction of PWV in patients with advanced CKD. Because the treatment effect was attenuated when baseline PWV was included as a covariate, these findings should be replicated in larger populations and further studied.
Primary Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Couser William G.
Published: May 2017

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a unique glomerular lesion that is the most common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in nondiabetic white adults. About 80% of cases are renal limited (primary MN, PMN) and 20% are associated with other systemic diseases or exposures (secondary MN). This review focuses only on PMN. Most cases of PMN have circulating IgG4 autoantibody to the podocyte membrane antigen PLA2R (70%), biopsy evidence PLA2R staining indicating recent immunologic disease activity despite negative serum antibody levels (15%), or serum anti-THSD7A (3%–5%). The remaining 10% without demonstrable anti-PLA2R/THSd7A antibody or antigen likely have PMN probably secondary to a different, still unidentified, anti-podocyte antibody. Considerable clinical and experimental data now suggests these antibodies are pathogenic. Clinically, 80% of patients with PMN present with nephrotic syndrome and 20% with non-nephrotic proteinuria. Untreated, about one third undergo spontaneous remission, especially those with absent or low anti-PLA2R levels, one-third progress to ESRD over 10 years, and the remainder develop nonprogressive CKD. Proteinuria can persist for months after circulating anti-PLA2R/THSD7A antibody is no longer detectable (immunologic remission). All patients with PMN should be treated with supportive care from the time of diagnosis to minimize protein excretion. Patients with elevated anti-PLA2R/THSD7A levels and proteinuria >3.5 g/d at diagnosis, and those who fail to reduce proteinuria to <3.5 g after 6 months of supportive care or have complications of nephrotic syndrome, should be considered for immunosuppressive therapy. Accepted regimens include steroids/cyclophosphamide, calcineurin inhibitors, and B cell depletion. With proper management, only 10% or less will develop ESRD over the subsequent 10 years.
BOTAFOGO E O CANAL 100: documentário e o ethos de memórias no jornalismo esportivo
Authors: Venancio Rafael Duarte Oliveira , Gonçalves Isabel Cristina de Oliveira
Published: May 2017

O Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas foi fundado em 1904 no Rio de Janeiro e figura entre os mais importantes clubes de futebol do Brasil. Ao longo de seus 110 anos de existência, diversas coberturas jornalísticas foram realizadas no intento de trazer informações àqueles que têm alguma ligação com o time ou se interessam pelo esporte em geral. Esses materiais produzidos por jornalistas apresentam um discurso específico e corroboram para determinada construção de imagem do clube. Desse modo, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar de que forma os documentários, tidos como materiais comunicacionais perenes, representam e constroem a memória do Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas, evidenciando quais são os principais aspectos reforçados pelos documentaristas/jornalistas para se produzir uma imagem específica do clube. Tendo como base a Análise do Discurso de linha francesa e os conceitos de ethos-prévio e ethos-discursivo, a produção audiovisual analisada foi “Glorioso Botafogo” produzido pelo pioneiro veículo de jornalismo esportivo, Canal 100, e o resultado final dessa averiguação denota que ambas reforçam uma imagem pré-estabelecida, associando a equipe a uma aura mística, ao caráter de sofrimento e a sua importância histórica para a consolidação do futebol brasileiro.
Hypothalamic Ventromedial Lin28a Enhances Glucose Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obesity
Authors: Kim Jung Dae , Toda Chitoku , Ramírez Cristina M. , Fernández-Hernando Carlos , Diano Sabrina
Published: May 2017

The Lin28a/Let-7 axis has been studied in peripheral tissues for its role in metabolism regulation. However, its central function remains unclear. Here we found that Lin28a is highly expressed in the hypothalamus compared with peripheral tissues. Its expression is positively correlated with positive energy balance, suggesting a potential central role for Lin28a in metabolism regulation. Thus, we targeted the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMH) to selectively overexpress (Lin28aKIVMH) or downregulate (Lin28aKDVMH) Lin28a expression in mice. With mice on a standard chow diet, body weight and glucose homeostasis were not affected in Lin28aKIVMH or Lin28aKDVMH mice. On a high-fat diet, although no differences in body weight and composition were observed, Lin28aKIVMH mice showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared with controls. Conversely, Lin28aKDVMH mice displayed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Changes in VMH AKT activation of diet-induced obese Lin28aKIVMH or Lin28aKDVMH mice were not associated with alterations in Let-7 levels or insulin receptor activation. Rather, we observed altered expression of TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK-1), which was found to be a direct Lin28a target mRNA. VMH-specific inhibition of TBK-1 in mice with diet-induced obesity impaired glucose metabolism and AKT activation. Altogether, our data show a TBK-1–dependent role for central Lin28a in glucose homeostasis.
Autoritarismo y modernización de la Administración Pública española durante el franquismo
Authors: Giménez Martínez Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2017

Todo Estado necesita de una Administración que actúe como brazo ejecutor de sus fines y, a su vez, ésta última queda impregnada en su acción por la naturaleza del régimen político que confiere corporeidad e identidad al Estado. No es de extrañar, por tanto, que durante el franquismo la Administración Pública española se convirtiera en un poderoso instrumento que operó al servicio de los principios ideológicos de la dictadura. Aunque la ineficacia de este modelo, que desatendía los intereses generales, trató de ser corregida a partir de la década de 1950, los intentos por reformar la Administración chocaron con la esencia autoritaria del régimen, que obstaculizó su modernización efectiva. Partiendo de un enfoque multidisciplinar que combina la exégesis de los textos legales con la revisión de las aportaciones doctrinales, este artículo analiza la trayectoria la Administración española en el período 1936-1975, atendiendo a su configuración jurídica y a la evolución de sus estructuras.
La contratación de las Entidades Locales en el nuevo paquete legislativo europeo sobre contratación pública
Authors: Bernal Blay Miguel Ángel
Published: May 2017

Tras la aprobación de un nuevo paquete legislativo europeo en materia de contratación pública se encuentran dos claros objetivos. De una parte, mejorar la eficiencia de los recursos públicos asignados a la tarea del aprovisionamiento de bienes y servicios, simplificando los procedimientos y eliminando las trabas burocráticas que perjudiquen esa eficiencia. De otro, permitir la utilización de la contratación como herramienta al servicio de determinadas políticas públicas. El presente artículo da cuenta de las novedades que presentan las nuevas Directivas en materia de contratación pública y analiza en particular las disposiciones que, de manera más específica, tienen como destinatarias a las Entidades Locales.
Autores
Authors: Reala Revista
Published: May 2017

Breve currículum de cada uno de los autores de los artículos del número 3 de REALA.
El alojamiento colaborativo: Viviendas de uso turístico y plataformas virtuales
Authors: De la Encarnación Ana María
Published: May 2017

La llamada economía colaborativa, fenómeno innovador de alcance global y transversal, supone la apuesta por una alternativa a las prácticas hasta ahora conocidas en nuestra sociedad de consumo. Esta idea de la economía colaborativa ha tenido una gran repercusión más allá de su incidencia en los mercados de servicios y bienes, afectando de forma directa al sector del alojamiento turístico. De hecho, se han generalizado de forma extraordinaria diferentes alternativas al alojamiento vacacional más tradicional, mediante plataformas virtuales que ofrecen viviendas privadas para su uso turístico a precios competitivos y prometen experiencias más cercanas a la convivencia vecinal que turística. Analizaremos estas nuevas posibilidades que se ofertan y su incidencia en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico.
El secreto estadístico y el padrón municipal de habitantes
Authors: De la Fuente Miguélez Alberto
Published: May 2017

El Padrón Municipal de Habitantes es un documento cuya titularidad corresponde al respectivo Ayuntamiento, fundamental para la gestión de la población municipal por las importantes consecuencias que se derivan de la inclusión en el mismo, y junto con ello, por la gran cantidad de información que en él se recoge con carácter obligatorio. Esas características hacen que se convierta en una fuente de información muy reclamada por diversos agentes, entre los que destacan muy especialmente el resto de Administraciones Públicas. El Tribunal Supremo ha rechazado rotundamente que los Ayuntamientos puedan negarse a ceder los datos incorporados al Padrón municipal a otras Administraciones que los reclamen en el legítimo ejercicio de sus propias competencias amparándose en la institución del secreto estadístico. En este artículo trataremos de analizar si, efectivamente, el secreto estadístico resulta absolutamente inaplicable a la información padronal.
Incidencia de la Ley 27/2013, de 27 de diciembre, de Racionalización y Sostenibilidad de la Administración Local en las competencias municipales en materia de mercado de abastos
Authors: González Bustos María Ángeles
Published: May 2017

La reforma operada de la Ley de Bases de Régimen Local de 1985 por la Ley de Racionalización y Sostenibilidad de la Administración Local de 2013 ha modificado todo el sistema de competencias con el objetivo de evitar la duplicidad. Una de las competencias que se ven afectadas es la de los mercados de abastos desapareciendo la consideración de servicio público, ya que aunque la competencia aparece recogida en el artículo 25, posteriormente no se contempla en la enumeración de los servicios públicos obligatorios.