bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facial Expression Recognition using Robust Algorithm based on Modern Machine Learning Technique
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Yenepoya Institute of Technology, Moodbidri (Karnataka), India., Gowda Prof. Shashank M , Suresh Dr. H. N. ,   Professor and Head, Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, Bangalore Institute of Technology, Bangalore (Karnataka), India.
Published: April 2022

Recently facial expression recognition has turned out to be an interesting field in research because of more demand for security and the advancement of mobile devices. Due to many serious incidents like terrorists’ attack, there arises more concern to develop the security systems mainly in certain places like airports and border crossings where identification and verification are mandatory. On the other hand, these surveillance systems aid to identify the missing person, even though it is based on robust facial expression recognition algorithms and on the developed database for facial expression recognition. However, the human faces are complex and multidimensional which make the facial gesture extraction to be very challenging. Obviously, in high secured applications facial expression recognition (FER) systems are mandatory to avoid incidents. In this paper, the automatic facial expression recognition system is developed based on the machine learning algorithms for classification. This research reveals the identification of FER for the ease of communication. Hybridization of Adaptive Kernel function based Extreme Learning Machine with Chicken Swarm Optimization (HAKELM-CSO) algorithm is introduced for identifying the accurate facial expression among the large database. In this work, an approach is developed by applying the machine learning techniques for the automated classification on the image region. The major purpose of this research work is to overcome the flaws of traditional algorithms and to improve the process of facial expression recognition which could be used in various applications.
Computing Cost and Time Contingency for Box Culverts Construction Projects using Integrated Risk Management Technique
Authors:   Ph.D. Student of Irrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering – Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Mohamed Omar , Nour Prof. Dr. Mohamed ,   Professor of Irrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering – Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Elazizy Prof. Dr. Iman ,   Professor of Hydraulics and Water Resources, Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering – Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, Vice –President of Student Affairs at 6th of October University, Egypt., Hagras Dr. Mona A. ,   Associated Professor of Irrigation and Hydraulics Department, Faculty of Engineering – Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: April 2022

Construction and rehabilitation of water control structures in Egypt considered as an important project, as it influences the usage of water resources in Egypt which become limited resources due to water scarcity existed in the last decades. Also these projects helps in the optimization of water resources, Moreover it helps in the growth of agricultural and industrial sector. Project Risk Management (RMP) is considered as a vital and important tool in decision making, thus RMP used as a planning management system to detect risks affecting project deliverables; such as cost and time target. This research shows how to optimize the deliverables for construction of box culverts in Egypt, through a well-defined risk management framework and real case study for a certain project executed in the last decade. Finally, this study shows how to calculate cost and time contingency for these projects through an integrated risk management technique. Finally this study shows hazard risk identification and assessment for these type of projects. The conclusion of this study show that the cost contingency needed to resolve different risk factors arise in the shown case study is to increase the estimated budget with average value 11.50 percent on the total estimated budget, as well as the time contingency is found with average value 16.00 percent to be added over the total original baseline schedule of the construction project.
The Influences of Slippage and Hall Currents on Peristaltic Transport of a Maxwell Fluid with Heat and Mass Transfer Through a Porous Medium
Authors:   Faculty, Department of Mathematics Education, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Eldabe Nabil T. M. , Asar Amira S. A. ,   Faculty, Department of Mathematics Arts & Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Adwassir, Saudi Arabia., Ramadan Shaimaa F. ,   Faculty, Department of Mathematics Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, the effects of slip velocity and Hall currents on peristaltic motion of a non-Newtonian fluid with heat and mass transfer through a porous medium inside a symmetric horizontal channel with flexible walls are studied. The fluid obeys Maxwell model, the ohmic and viscous dissipations are taken into account. Some of partial differential equations describe the fluid motion with the appropriate boundary conditions are written in dimensionless form and simplified by using the approximations of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. These equations are solved analytically, and the stream function, pressure rise, temperature, and concentration distributions are obtained as functions of physical parameters of the problem. The effects of the parameters of the problem on these solutions are discussed numerically and illustrated graphically through a set of figures. It is found that the physical parameters played important roles in controling the obtained solutions.
Student Centric Approach of the Content Based Instruction and Instructional Scaffolding
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Kumaracoil, Thuckalay (Tamil Nadu), India., Vinita V. J. , Ilankumaran Dr. M. ,   Principal, Geetha Jeevan Arts and Science College, Thoothukudi, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli (Tamil Nadu), India.
Published: April 2022

Teaching English as a second language expedites the probability of teaching English language in the utmost trying situations. The process of language instruction of English, as a second language. is a highly demanding skill. A number of challenges arise during the process as second language learners have fewer linguistic resources in the language of instruction. Content-Based Instruction lays a stress-free interactive platform for English language learners. Scaffolding students' learning is a possible way to overcome certain tasks that learners come across. Content-Based Instruction oriented teachers hold key responsibility for the implementation of language learning in a classroom condition. The English language is used as an instructional language not only to teach English language lessons in classrooms but also functional in delivering other subjects. The article deals with the English language learning principle through Content-Based Instruction along with the collaboration of scaffolding. The goal of the study mainly rests on the factors responsible for the successful implementation, the strategies, the prospect, and the advantages of language learning through the approach. Content-Based Instructors function as scaffolds offering support to the students to create more specific learning activities. Using scaffolding, Content-Based Instruction can approach the English language learners to promote themselves from what they are capable of doing at present to what they will be able to do later. Scaffolding is a promising teaching technique. It is an interaction promoting tool that promises to enhance speaking skills in second language learning English students. This paper intends to prove the usability features of scaffolding teaching technique in Content-Based Instruction promoting English language teaching, the characteristics and critical features of scaffolded Instruction, methods of instructional scaffolding, and the challenges and benefits of instructional scaffolding. The article ponders upon the importance of time and the preparation of the course of study undertaken by this technique and throws light on how the language facilitators face the challenges like the choice of the topic till the content reaches the language learner and is expected to go an extra mile in imparting the English language learners.
Design and Manufacturing of Thermoelectric Mini Portable Refrigerator using Autodesk Fusion 360 and Additive Manufacturing
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, Kerala, India, Angamuthu* Dr.K. , Dominic Ashu ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, Kerala, India, Kumar.H Arun ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, Kerala, India,, S Sahil. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, Kerala, India, Sam Jofin ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Providence College of Engineering, Chengannur, Kerala, India
Published: April 2022

The objective of this project is to develop portable thermoelectric refrigeration whose casing is designed using Autodesk Fusion 360 and manufactured by 3D printing. This refrigerator consists of thermoelectric module as cooling generator along with insulated cabin, thermostat and charging unit. Thermoelectric elements perform the same cooling function as Freon-based vapour compression or absorption refrigerators. The design of the refrigeration is based on the principle of thermoelectric module (i.e. Peltier effect) to create a hot side and a cold side. The cold side of the thermoelectric module is used for refrigeration purposes. On the other hand, the heat from the hot side of the module is rejected to the surroundings with the help of heat sinks and fan. Based on the heat load calculations, the thermoelectric module is selected. The system is fabricated and experimentally tested for the time taken to cool to the required temperature. The results showed that the system can maintain the temperature of approximately 10 °C with minimum power consumption of 64 Watt.
Strategi Guru dalam Penerapan Metode Bisik Berantai Untuk Keterampilan Menyimak dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di Kelas IV SDN 195 Pematang Kancil
Authors: Afsan M. Febri , Anggreyani Risma , Hestiana Syafrida Dwi , Syahrial Syahrial , Noviyanti Silvina
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe the application of the whisper-chain method to listening skills in Indonesian language learning in elementary schools and the factors that influence it. This research is a qualitative research. This research is a literature study, namely research that examines research journals and other sources related to improving listening skills by using the whisper chain method based on the field in the journal article. The data in this study were obtained from research results on the topic of the whisper-chain method in improving listening skills in elementary schools in Indonesia which have been published in various online journals indexed by Google Scholar. The number of journals obtained is 3 research journals that have been selected according to the research topic. Based on the results of a journal review consisting of 3 journals studied in the form of classroom action research and qualitative from 2013 to 2016 it can be concluded that the application of the whisper-chain method for listening skills in Indonesian language learning, that what the teacher did was in accordance with the learning procedures but in terms of material selection is not in accordance with the material characteristics of the chain whisper method. The influencing factors are the objective factor, the students' interest and attention, the condition situation, facilities or infrastructure, the teacher which includes the teacher's educational background and teaching skills.
Understanding Fraction Number Material Relationship with Ability to Work on Mawaris Problems in Mawaris Fiqh Course in Islamic Family Law Study Program (HKI)
Authors: Arif Suyud , Amran Amran
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine a positive relationship between understanding fractions and the ability to work on Mawaris questions in the Mawaris Fiqh course at the Islamic Family Law Study Program (HKI). This study uses a survey with a correlational approach. The sample in research is students of Islamic Family Law (HKI) at the Ibn Khaldun University, Bogor, which consists of 20 respondents. Collecting data in this study is to use a test in the form of questions that have been declared valid and reliable, then used as a data collection tool to be studied. The results obtained indicate a positive relationship between understanding fractional numbers and the ability to work on Mawaris questions in the Fiqh Mawaris course at the Islamic Family Law Study Program (HKI), the results are shown by the correlation coefficient rxy = 0.588 with the termination coefficient . by 58%, it can be concluded that the ability to work on the Mawaris problem can be from understanding the material of fractions
Penanaman Nilai-nilai Moderasi Beragama dalam Pembelajaran PAI di SMP Negeri 22 Padang
Authors: Hidayat Ajat , Rahman Rini
Published: April 2022

This study aims to find out what values ​​are contained in PAI learning in class IX at SMP Negeri 22 Padang. The method used in this research is a combination method or mixed methods. With exploratory mixed methods, the designs approach namely sequential designs starting from qualitative data collection in the first stage through in-depth interviews with two informants selected through purposive sampling technique and followed by quantitative data collection in the second stage using a questionnaire to 30 students in class IX. All data in the second stage were analyzed descriptively using the IBM SPSS Statistics 24 application. Overall, the results of this study indicate that there are four values ​​of religious moderation in PAI learning, namely in preliminary activities, core activities, and learning evaluation. The four values ​​are i`tidal, tasamuh, shura, and qudwah. The results of this study also prove that learning Islamic religious education in schools is effective in instilling the values ​​of religious moderation in students in junior high school.
A Futuristic Survey on Learning Techniques for Internet of Things (IoT) Security : Developments, Applications, and Challenges
Authors: Patel Chintan , Vyas Shubham , Saikia Pallabi , kalariya, Denish , parmar naman
Published: April 2022

In today's era, internet-connected things provide immense opportunities to the world for enhancing the quality of lives through better data processing and intelligent decision making. Since the last decade, IoT brought numerous changes in people's personal as well as professional lives. With the enhancement in quality of lives, IoT also comes up with challenges such as security and privacy of data and devices. Every day, the attacker generates new zero-day attacks for IoT devices and data, and it's important to detect and protect the IoT eco-system from this type of attacks. Numerous researchers have proposed security schemes and methods to protect the IoT eco-system through either cryptography way or learning technique based way. AI and ML learning techniques have got immense popularity in handling the IoT security challenges as they are automatic in nature and can outperform provided the sufficient quality and quantity of data. Moreover, the AI techniques, including ML, DL and FL helps in intelligent decision-making and can also generate knowledge through its learning techniques. AI needs data to process, and IoT supplies the necessary data to process. In this paper, we provide a state-of-the-art survey for IoT security solutions proposed based on learning techniques. We provide an in-depth review of available learning techniques to solve critical security challenges such as IoT authentication, access control, anomaly detection and malware analysis. At the end, we also highlighted various futuristic technologies that can invigorate IoT research and help in the design of full proof IoT eco-system.
Interpretable Neural Networks for Video Separation: Deep Unfolding RPCA with Foreground Masking
Authors: Joukovsky Boris , Deligiannis Nikos , Eldar Yonina C.
Published: May 2022

This paper presents two deep unfolding neural networks for the simultaneous tasks of background subtraction and foreground detection in video. Unlike conventional neural networks based on deep feature extraction, we incorporate domain-knowledge models by considering a masked variation of the robust principal component analysis problem (RPCA). With this approach, we separate video clips into low-rank and sparse components, respectively corresponding to the backgrounds and foreground masks indicating the presence of moving objects. Our models, coined ROMAN-S and ROMAN-R, map the iterations of two alternating direction of multipliers methods (ADMM) to trainable convolutional layers, and the proximal operators are mapped to non-linear activation functions with trainable thresholds. This approach leads to lightweight networks with enhanced interpretability that can be trained on few data. In ROMAN-S, the correlation in time of successive binary masks is controlled with a side-information scheme based on L1-L1 minimization. ROMAN-R enhances the foreground detection by learning a dictionary of atoms to represent the moving foreground in a high-dimensional feature space and by using reweighted-L1-L1 minimization. Experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real video datasets and comparisons are made with existing deep unfolding RPCA neural networks, which do not use a mask formulation for the foreground. The models are also compared to a U-Net baseline. Results show that our proposed models outperform other deep unfolding models, as well as the untrained optimization algorithms. ROMAN-R, in particular, is competitive with the U-Net baseline for foreground detection, with the additional advantage of providing video backgrounds and requiring substantially fewer training parameters and smaller training sets.
Multi-UAV Path Learning for Age and Power Optimization in IoT with UAV Battery Recharge
Authors: Eldeeb Eslam , De Souza Santana Jean , Pérez Dian Echevarría , Shehab Mohammad , Mahmood Nurul Huda , Alves Hirley
Published: May 2022

In many emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the freshness of the data collected by the sensor nodes is an important design criterion. Age of Information (AoI) quantifies the freshness of the received information or status update. This work considers a setup of deployed IoT devices in an IoT network; multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) serve as mobile relay nodes between the sensors and the base station. We formulate an optimization problem to jointly plan the UAVs' trajectory, while minimizing the AoI of the received messages and the devices' energy consumption. The solution accounts for the UAVs' battery lifetime and flight time to recharging depots to ensure the UAVs' green operation. The complex optimization problem is efficiently solved using a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. In particular, we propose a deep Q-network, which works as a function approximation to estimate the state-action value function. The proposed scheme is quick to converge and results in a lower ergodic age and ergodic energy consumption when compared with benchmark algorithms such as greedy algorithm (GA), nearest neighbour (NN), and random-walk (RW).
Efficient Distributional Reinforcement Learning with Kullback-Leibler Divergence Regularization
Authors: Li Renxing , Shang Zhiwei , Zheng Chunhua , Li Huiyun , Liang Qing , Cui Yunduan
Published: May 2022

In this article, we address the issues of stability and data-efficiency in reinforcement learning (RL). A novel RL approach, Kullback–Leibler divergence-regularized distributional RL (KLC51) is proposed to integrate the advantages of both stability in the distributional RL and data-efficiency in the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence-regularized RL in one framework. KLC51 derived the Bellman equation and the TD errors regularized by KL divergence in a distributional perspective and explored the approximated strategies of properly mapping the corresponding Boltzmann softmax term into distributions. Evaluated by several benchmark tasks with different complexity, the proposed method clearly illustrates the positive effect of the KL divergence regularization to the distributional RL including exclusive exploration behaviors and smooth value function update, and successfully demonstrates its significant superiority in both learning stability and data-efficiency compared with the related baseline approaches.
A new global measure to simultaneously evaluate data utility and privacy risk
Authors: Jeong Donghoon , Kim Joseph H.T. , Im Jongho
Published: May 2022

Measuring data utility and privacy risk embedded in synthetic or other de-identified datasets is an increasingly important research area. Existing measures in the data privacy literature however are one-sided in that they either measure utility or privacy risk only. In this paper we propose a new measure that can evaluate both data utility and privacy, a well-known trade-off relationship in data synthesis. The proposed measure employs the notion of relative distance between the synthetic and original datasets at the dataset level, and can identify the optimally balanced position of the synthetic data in terms of both utility and privacy. In addition, we devise a graphical tool that visually reveals the current utility-privacy trade-off position of the synthetic data. Numerical studies show our new measure consistently performs better and offers richer interpretations than other existing global data utility measures, for both simulated and real datasets, confirming its distinctive advantages.
Epidemiological Profile of Type 2 Diabetics Hospitalized at the Internal Medicine Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes, Mali
Authors: Nanko Doumbia , Drissa Sangaré , Boubacar Keita , B Berthé Brehima. , Mamadou Saliou , Magara Samaké , Seydou Mariko , Mamady Coulibaly , M Cissé Sekou. , Abass Sanogo , Bakary Dembele , Kaly Keita , Djibril Sy
Published: April 2022

Diabetes is defined as a complex and chronic metabolic disorder characterized by a partial or total deficiency of insulin or, more commonly, by a decrease in the sensitivity of the target cells causing an increase in blood glucose. Objective: describe the profile of type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in the department. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 67 records of type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized from January 1 to December 31, 2020 in the Internal Medicine Unit of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes. Result: We counted 67 diabetic patients hospitalized out of a total of 200 patients hospitalized in the Unit, i.e., a prevalence of hospitalization of 3.35%. The 60 to 69 age group was the most affected in 27 cases (40.30%), with an average age of 58 years. Females predominated in 36 cases (53.73%) with a sex ratio of 0.86. The Soninke ethnic group was the most represented with 17 cases (29.82%). Most of our patients were housewives 31 cases (46.27%), farmers 14 cases (20.91%). The majority of our patients were married, 43 cases (75.44%), 32 patients (56.14%) were of urban origin. High blood pressure was the most common antecedent with 28 cases (41.79%). The most frequent reason for hospitalization was diabetic foot with 31 cases (46.27%). The main clinical signs noted were: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 25 cases (34.72%) and altered general condition 16 cases (22.22%). On admission 49 patients (73.13%) had hyperglycemia. We noted in our patients a glycemic imbalance in 52 cases (73.13%). Creatininemia, micro albuminuria and LDLC were abnormal in 20 (29.85%), 13 (19.40%) and 24 (35.82%) cases respectively. Insulin therapy was initiated in 57 patients (85.07%). The average length of hospitalization was 9.5 days. During this study period, 52 patients were discharged (77.61%); 2 cases were referred for amputation (2.98%); 2 cases were referred for renal failure (2.98%); 5 were discharged against medical advice (7.46%); ........
Bertolotti’s Syndrome: An Underdiagnosed Cause for Lower Back Pain in Young Adults
Authors: Belabbes Soufiane , Doumbeneny M. J. , Chavihot Christelle , Nguema B. E.
Published: April 2022

Bertolotti’s syndrome (BS) is characterized by a fifth lumbar (L5) vertebra anatomic variation with a large transverse process that forms a pseudoarthrosis or a bony fusion with the sacral basis or iliac crest. This congenital variation can cause low back pain especially in young patients, but it is always a factor that is not addressed in the evaluation and treatment of lower back pain. The purpose of this study was to assess the etiology of low back pain and to determinate the incrimination of BS in chronic low back pain.
Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (Disease with Several Faces): About 2 Cases in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Rabat Children Hospital
Authors: Meryem Chater , Manal Yebari , A Elkoraichi , S Echcherif El Kettani , A Bentalha
Published: April 2022

Since the advent of the COVID 19 pandemic, very few severe cases have been described in the pediatric population and very few have required admission in intensive care unit (ICU). However, a new entity has emerged worldwide including multi-systemic inflammatory disease in children related to COVID infection called PIMS or MIS-C for multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children. We report the case of two children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of the Rabat Children's Hospital for a severe multisystemic inflammatory syndrome related to an undetected COVID-19 infection; the first case presented a Status epilepticus while the second case was in shock due to myocarditis. The diagnosis of MIS-C was made with reference to WHO criteria and treatment was based on corticosteroid bolus only, due to lack of IV Ig. The evolution was favorable for both patients.
Comparison between Perimeatal-Based Flap (Mathieu) and the Tubularized Incised-Plate Urethroplasty (Snodgrass) in Distal Hypospadias
Authors: Khan Dr. Humayun Kabir , Karim Dr. Mohammad Shahid , Khan Dr. AR. , Islam Dr. M. Kabirul , Aziz Dr. Abdul , Rashid Dr. Aminur , Rahman Dr. Ashrarur
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Hypospadias can be defined as a state in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip. The specific cause of the hypospadiac penis is unknown but some factors such as endocrine & genetic factors are likely to be involved. The perimeatal based flap urethroplasty developed by Mathieu is commonly used for the correction of distal hypospadias. The pediatric urologist Warren Snodgrass described a newer procedure for distal hypospadias repair with a combination of incising the urethral plate & a meatal based flap with a low complication rate & better cosmetic outcome. A prospective comparative study was conducted to determine whether the Snodgrass or Mathieu urethroplasty is more appropriate for distal hypospadias in terms of complications, cosmesis of the meatus & glans. Aim of the study: This study aimed to determine whether the Snodgrass or Mathieu urethroplasty is more appropriate for distal hypospadias in terms of complications, cosmesis of the meatus & glans. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka the period from 1 February 2002 to 30 "April 2003 for a total period of 15 months. A total number of 30 patients with distal penile hypospadias were selected for clinical study, of which 15 patients belong to group A (study group) treated surgically by SNODGRASS technique and another 15 patients belonging to group B (control group) surgically treated by MATHIEU technique. All these 30 patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of up to 12 months (The average follow up was 7.5months). Urinary diversion in the form of urethral catheters was kept in position for 6-10 days. On the 4th to 6th post-operative day, the dressing was changed usually and details of the healing patterns and other findings were registered. Data were analyzed with SPSS-10 and MS Excel-16. Result: By comparing the surgical outcome of hypospadias .....
Appendicular Volvulus without Necrosis on Appendicular Tumor: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Gaoussou Sogoba , Sidy, Sangaré , Issaga Traore lamine , Mamaye Kouyaté , Drissa Katilé , Salifou Diakité Adama , Moulaye Magassa , Harouna Touré
Published: April 2022

We report a case of volvulus of the appendix on appendicular tumor without necrosis. Pathological examination confirmed a bilharzian granuloma. We retained the preoperative diagnosis of an appendicular abscess. Our aim is to draw the attention of surgeons to the existence of other rare anatomopathological forms of appendicitis.
Management of Laparochisis with Atresia in Underdevelopment Country: Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes (Mali): About a Case
Authors: M Kouyate- , A Doumbia , S Sidibe , O Coulibaly – , S Dembele- , B Dicko- , S Toure , M Kane -
Published: April 2022

Gastrochisis is a herniation of the abdominal viscera through a full-thickness hole in the abdominal wall, usually located to the right of the umbilical cord insertion. It is estimated at 1/4000 to 1/10000 births, but there are significant geographical variations, with a high mortality rate in developing countries [1, 3, 4]. We report a case operated on at the Fousseyni Daou hospital in Kayes in 2019. This female child was born at home in septic conditions and was referred to us for care. The aim of this study was to determine the difficulties related to the management of laparochisis, especially with atresia, but also to describe the therapeutic and evolutionary aspects.
Transabdominal Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Enlarged Prostate with Histopathological Comparison
Authors: Nahid Sajida , Sultana Mahmuda , Saiham Kazi Shantono , Afrin Rawnak , Yesmin Lovely , Mohammed Noor , Urmee Saika Haque
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The prostate is an accessory gland of the male reproductive system. It can be involved by a number of diseases ranging from inflammation to malignant diseases. Most common causes of prostatomegaly are benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, intraprostatic and periprostatic cyst, prostatic adenocarcinoma. Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of Transabdominal ultrasonography in enlarged prostate and compare the USG findings with the histopathological findings. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in Radiology and Imaging Department of Sir Salimullah medical college and Mitford hospital, Dhaka, from January 2014 to December 2015 with clinically suspected enlarged prostate by department of Urology and referred to the Radiology and Imaging Department for proper evaluation whether benign or malignant by Trans-abdominal ultrasonography before treatment planning and further management. Results: In this study, mean age was 65. 8 years with standard deviation of mean ± 9. 7 years and the age ranged from 50 to 89 years. The most common symptoms associated with enlarged prostate were incomplete emptying 90%, frequency 84%, intermittency 80% urgency, 76%, weak stream, 70% straining 66%, nocturia 60%. Out of 50 patients, histopathological diagnosis of 44 (88%) was nodular hyperplasia, 2 (4%) was nodular hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis and rest of 4(8%) was adenocarcinoma of prostate. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, available, radiation free procedure, which is used as a first line preliminary diagnostic procedure.
Association of Neutrophils and Lymphocytes Ratio with Respect to Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Paricharak Dr. Pritish Prashant , Bhattad Dr. Anil
Published: April 2022

Background: Cardiovascular diseases caused an estimated 17.3 million deaths in a year. Around 40% of these cardiovascular deaths are due to coronary heart disease. It is projected that coronary heart diseases will remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality for many years to come. Atherosclerosis, the main underlying pathologic process for coronary heart diseases, is a chronic disease state of the coronary arteries that slowly develops over decades before becoming clinically significant. Its pathophysiology is complex, including inflammatory and immunological events which are considered to be of central importance in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Gradual chronic progression of coronary atherosclerosis may result in luminal narrowing causing symptoms of angina. Aim: To study neutrophils to lymphocyte as inflammatory markers in long standing (chronic) coronary artery disease. Material and methods: A Cross sectional Observational study was conducted at outpatient department of Medicine in Krishna Hospital and research centre. For a period October 2019- October 2021. Registration of patients was from October 2019. Such 72 cases were studied. They were registered when admitted under Medicine department. At the time of registration, the patients with exclusion criteria were not enrolled for study. The main objective of this study was to study clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with coronary artery disease, to do Coronary angiographic evaluation of cardiac functions. Results: Mean Age in Years Was 56.72+5.5. Majority 77.77% were in age group of 50 to 60 years and 70.83% were males. Patients mainly complained of chest pain 97.22%, followed by breathlessness 86.11%, palpitation 15.27%, retrosternal burning 13.88%, sweating 15.27%, tightness in chest 13.88% and tremors 13.88%. Conclusion: Study concluded that there is a strong association between NLR and severity of coronary artery disease. Among Cases having positive ..........
Frequency and Types of Uterine Anomalies during Caesarean Section Done for Abnormal Presentation
Authors: Roy Manideepa , Brahma Mandira , Islam Bashirul , Rahman Afjalur
Published: April 2022

Background: Congenital uterine abnormalities are caused by abnormal fusion or canalisation of the mullerian duct during embryonic development. Congenital uterine abnormalities affect about 2% to 4% of women in reproductive years, and 5 to 25% of women who have had a difficult pregnancy. Ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, hysterosalpingogram, and hysterolaparoscopy are some of the diagnostic modalities used to diagnose uterine anomalies. This observational study is conducted to determine the frequency and types of congenital uterine anomalies discovered during Caesarean section done for abnormal presentations. Aims and Objectives: 1) To determine the frequency and types of congenital uterine anomalies during caesarean section done for abnormal presentations. 2) To find out relationship between abnormal presentation and uterine anomaly. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, FAAMCH Barpeta. A total number of 176 cases were included in the study over a period of 1 year. Patients who underwent Caesarean section due to abnormal presentation were included in the study. After delivery of the foetus and the placenta, uterus was examined for the presence or absence of congenital malformations by digital palpation of the uterine cavity and inspection of fundus of uterus after exteriorisation. Demographic characteristics and obstetric outcomes were noted. Results: Out of 176 patients, 24 (13.63%) were diagnosed with uterine anomalies and 152 (86.36%) patients had normal uterus. Majority of the patients with uterine anomalies who underwent Caesarean section were primigravida (79.16%) and majority of them belonged to the age group of 25 - 30 years (70.83%). The most commonly observed uterine anomaly during the study period was arcuate uterus. Our study included cases only with abnormal presentation, 17 out of 24 (70.83%) had breech presentation and 6 (25%) had transverse lie.
Clinical Appearance of Anterior Teeth before Realization of Corono-Radicular Reconstitution by Inlay-Core
Authors: B Coulibaly , K Touré , K Kamissoko , L Traore , B Diallo , K Diakite , T Kané A. S. , O Diawara.
Published: April 2022

The coronal-radicular reconstruction is a restoration that involves both the coronal part and the root part of the tooth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical aspects of anterior teeth before performing corono-radicular reconstruction by inclay-core. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study for analytical purposes with prospective data collection at the fixed prosthesis department of the CHU-CNOS over a period of six (6) months from (June 2019 to December 2019). The study population was made up of patients who underwent corono-radicular reconstruction (CPR) on anterior teeth by inlay core in the fixed prosthesis department of the CHU-CNOS. The patients were submitted to a questionnaire relating to general information, the reason for consultation, the oral examination, the type of coronal-radicular reconstruction. In this study, the female sex was the most represented with 61.40% of cases and a sex ratio of 0.62 in favor of women. Dental caries was the most represented pathology, 47.14% of cases. Retro-alveolar radiography was done in the vast majority of patients, ie 91.42% of cases. Aesthetics was the most represented reason for consultation with 95.70% of cases. More than three quarters (80%) of coronal-radicular reconstructions by inlay-core on anterior teeth were performed in the maxilla. All the walls were dilapidated in more than three-quarters of the cases, i.e. 77.15%. Corono-radicular reconstruction was performed to serve as a bridge pillar in 58.30% of cases. In our study, the mechanical principles of reconstitution were good in 91.40% retention and 94.30% stabilization. Lift was also good at 54.3%. The quality of these principles depends on the clinical stage (preparation) and the technical design in the laboratory. This prosthetic element must meet several objectives, hence the need for multidisciplinary care. Efforts must be made at all levels for prosthetic rehabilitation, especially in anterior relief.
A Conceptual Analysis of Ancient Ecuadorian Faces Carved in Spondylus Shells
Authors: León Alonso Restrepo de , Sotomayor Hugo , Sierra Carolina , Salcedo Javier Burgos-
Published: April 2022

Shells, probably like no other product of nature, have played an important role in the history of mankind. The pre-Hispanic civilizations of Ibero-America also used certain type of shells profusely in their religious ceremonies, in particular, in Ecuador there were two species of main importance, the Spondylus princeps and the Spondylus calcifer broadly employed to manufacture ornaments that possess a strong symbolic, religious and social meaning and that were almost exclusively used by ruling classes. Among these ornaments, the faces carved on the Spondylus shells are little known. In the present study, we chose a total of fifteen (15) pieces from the Pastor Restrepo Lince´s archaeomalacology collection to understand the possible uses of these objects, through the interpretation of the gestures represented on the faces, their dimensions, and their geographical distribution in pre-Hispanic Ecuador. To achieve the proposed objective, we approach the present investigation from the perspective of the formal analysis of concepts, which is a mathematical theory of representation of knowledge, finding that these faces carved in Spondylus, were used daily or in special ceremonial occasions and that its use was common in all the regional cultures of ancient Ecuador, from the oldest such as Valdivia, and for more than 2000 years, indicating a long tradition of the use of Spondylus as an object of great symbolic and economic value until the arrival of the Spanish.
SARS-COV2 Infection Revealing a Thymic Cyst
Authors: Benjelloun H. , Anniche H. , Chaanoun K. , Zaghba N. , Yassine N.
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global health crisis, Thoracic imaging has demonstrated its valuable role in the development of this pneumopathy. But has also allowed the evidence of asymptomatic attacks. We report the observation of a patient whose thoracic scan performed during his covid infection, revealed a thymic cyst, which is a very rare congenital tumor in adults.
The Place of Conservative Treatment for Right Ventricular Free Wall Rupture after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Boutgourine Marwan El Qady, Mina , Tandia Ahmed Salah , Jamili Mohammed El , Karimi Saloua El , Hattaoui Mustapha El
Published: April 2022

Cardiac rupture is a rare but fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), often with devastating hemodynamic consequences. Although the incidence has been reduced with the practice of reperfusion therapy, it still carries a high mortality rate of over 50%. Isolated right ventricular free wall rupture (RVFWR) is a rare entity with very few previously reported cases, and survival after RVFWR due to ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with a conservative therapeutic strategy is extremely rare. Here, we presented two cases of RVFWR secondary to AMI, treated conservatively and survived.
Partial Atrioventricular Septal Defect in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Qady Marwan El , Boutgourine Mina , Tandia Ahmed Salah , Hattaoui Mustapha El
Published: April 2022

Long-term survival of patients with partial atrioventricular septal defect (PAVSD) without operative therapy is very rare. We report the case of an 80-year-old woman who presented with dyspnea, palpitations, and deteriorating general condition and was diagnosed by routine echocardiography.
A Calcified Hydatid Cyst of the Adrenal Gland: A Case Report
Authors: Benmlih Nawfel , Salem Mohamed Lemine Ahmed , Ismail Labbi , Bouassria Abdesslam , Elbouhaddouti Hicham , Mouaqit Ouadii , Ousadden Abdelmalek , Taleb Khalid Ait , Benjelloun Elbachir
Published: April 2022

The hydatid cyst of the adrenal gland is an exceptional entity, even in endemic countries. The clinical polymorphism of this particular location of the hydatid disease, and the lack of specificity of the symptoms explain the importance of radiologic explorations. We report the case of a patient in whom a voluminous hydatid cyst of the adrenal gland. The CT scan had demonstrated the presence of a calcified hydatid cyst in the right adrenal gland. The patient did not benefit from surgical treatment as the cyst was calcified.
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Major Depression: Does The Multiple Pathways Lead to Same Destination?
Authors: Panwar Rajeev , N Rajasekhar.S.S.S.
Published: April 2022

Major depression can be defined as changes in concern, perception, neurovegetative functions for at least two weeks coupled with periods of normal behavior in between the episodes. It has higher lifetime risk among single/ widowed or divorced women. Family history, genetic factors as well as serotonin and norepinephrine play an important role in the etiology. The exact diagnosis of major depression could not be made using the available laboratory test so rating scales are used for (i) identifying the severity and (ii) evaluating the response to the treatment. Any disparity between levels of oxidants and antioxidants with the equilibrium shifting towards oxidants due to either increase in the levels of oxidants or a decrease in the levels of antioxidants or both is known as oxidative stress. Many hypotheses have been proposed signifying the role of oxidative stress in the development of major depression. In the current review, a total of 63 results were used; out of those, 6 were books, 54 were original articles, and 3 were review articles, and the rest were excluded. The current study suggested multiple pathways terminating in oxidative stress and manifesting as various symptoms. The roles of various markers of oxidative stress suggested an increase in the levels of oxidants and reduction in the levels of antioxidant (enzymatic or nonenzymatic) which was reversed following the treatment with anti-depressant drugs. Since the oxidative stress is not exclusively present in major depression, the changes in oxidative stress markers cannot be considered as diagnostic of major depression.
GC-MS and FTIR Analysis of Aqueous Extract of Citrillus lanatus (Water Melon) Rind
Authors: A Bichi S. , Y Abdulmumin , M AbdulmuminT. , A Muhammad I. , M Murtala , M DalhatuM. , A Amina L. , I Sarki S. , I Danjaji H. , K Mustapha R.
Published: May 2022

Over the years, the Citrulluslanatus rind has been considered as waste and disposed ignoring the fact that it can be utilized as a value-added product and has many health benefits. The watermelon rind constitutes nearly a third of the watermelon weight. The evaluation of Citrulluslanatus (watermelon) rind as a possible raw material for a pharmaceutical and as a value added product of the fruit rind and this will encourage cultivation, utilization and possible application of water melon rind in the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this research work is to determine the functional group using FTIR and chemical components of aqueous extract of watermelon rind using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Dried powder of Citrulluslanatus (water melon) rind extracts was used for FTIR analysis. 10 mg of the dried extract powder was encapsulated in 100 mg of KBr pellet, was prepared to obtain a translucent sample discs. The powdered of Citrulluslanatus was loaded in FTIR analysis (Shimadzu, IR Affinity 1, Japan), having a Scan range from 400 to 4000 cm-1. While The phyto-constitutes of Citrulluslanatus (water melon) aqueous rind extract were determined by Gas Chromatography (Agilent 6890 series) coupled with HP-5MS column mass spectrometer at column temperature of 30°C and was heated to 300°C at 10°C for 5min. The helium was used as carrier gas at a flow of 1.0ml/min. The identification of the constituents of water melon rind aqueous extract was performed by matching their mass spectra and retention indices with those obtained from authentic samples and/or NSIT/Wiley spectra libraries, using different types of search (PBM/NIST/AMDIS) and available literature data. The FTIR analysis Citrilluslanatus aqueous rind extract shows different absorption band which indicated the characteristic peak of different functional groups such as OH, C=O C-O, H-N, C-H etc which are associated with phenols, ketones, flavonoids, aldehydes, amides, alkenes etc. while the Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry analysis of aqueous extract of watermelon rind reveals the presence of different fatty-acid, methyl ester and volatile organic compounds this includes Hexadecanoic acid,2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, Eicosane,2methyl-, 1-Hexadecanesulfonic acid,3,5-dichloro-2,6-dimethyl-4-pyridyl ester, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid(Z,Z)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, Estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17β-ol etc. The finding showed that Citrilluslanatus aqueous rind extract have thirty-one (31) bioactive constituents of pharmacological important identified by GC-MS and FTIR analysis. These compounds from Citrilluslanatus rind can be used in pharmaceutical industry for development of novel lead drugs for management of diseases.