bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inline balloon-assisted vascular sheath fragment removal
Authors: Jamshidi Neema , Chiang Jason
Published: September 2020

Background

Unretrievable foreign bodies are associated with high morbidity and mortality. While the majority of reported cases involve the venous circulation, intra-arterial foreign body displacement have the potential to migrate more distally with a higher risk for dissection and hemorrhagic complications during retrieval. As the number of intravascular procedures continues to increase, there is also likely to be a concomittant increase in the number of retrieval procedures, particular for fractured catheters and sheaths. Although snaring is frequently the traditional, ‘go-to’ method for retrieval, there are inherent risks of further dislodgement or fracture.

Case report

We describe a case that involves retrieval of a fractured sheath that originated in the common femoral artery but migrated into the popliteal artery. Different retrieval approaches were employed, however ultimately balloon assisted, over-the-wire retrieval was the successful approach.

Conclusions

We anticipate that over-the-wire, inline-retrieval approaches will continue to grow in popularity and use, particularly with respect to manipulation within the arterial circulation.
AI-perspectives: the Turing option
Authors: Kirchner Frank
Published: September 2020

This paper presents a perspective on AI that starts with going back to early work on this topic originating in theoretical work of Alan Turing. The argument is made that the core idea - that leads to the title of this paper - of these early thoughts are still relevant today and may actually provide a starting point to make the transition from today functional AI solutions towards integrative or general AI.
Removal of aqueous carbamazepine using graphene oxide nanoplatelets: process modelling and optimization
Authors: Bhattacharya Sandipan , Banerjee Priya , Das Papita , Bhowal Avijit , Majumder Subrata Kumar , Ghosh Pallab
Published: September 2020

Unplanned and unmonitored developmental activities have resulted in a rapid emergence of pollutants like pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment. These PPCPs are considered as potential health hazards. A wide variety of physical, biological and chemical processes are presently being investigated for ensuring the efficient removal of such pollutants from effluents. The present study investigates the potential of graphene oxide nanoplatelets (GONPs) for removal of a common and extensively used drug, Carbamazepine (CBZ) from aqueous solutions. Batch studies were performed to assess the potential of graphene oxide for adsorption of CBZ under different conditions of initial CBZ concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature and solution pH. Process optimization was performed using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network modelling. Results obtained indicated 99% CBZ removal under optimum solution pH, adsorbent dosage and treatment duration of 6, 1 g L− 1 and 120 min respectively. Results revealed that CBZ adsorption by GONPs followed Temkin isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics. A subsequent reusability study established that the GONPs could be reused for up to 8 times without any loss of adsorption efficiency. Therefore, it can be concluded that graphene oxide reported herein has immense potential for adsorption of trace organic pollutants from aqueous phases.
Joint programming for urban transformations: the making of the JPI Urban Europe Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda
Authors: Bylund Jonas
Published: September 2020

The Joint Programming Initiative (JPI) Urban Europe, a transnational initiative by European countries in partnership with the European Union (EU) to tackle the challenge of sustainable urbanisation by programming urban research and innovation, launched its updated Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) in February 2019. Developed in the field of sustainable urbanisation, it is based on a wide set of sectors, disciplines, research frontiers, and their asymmetrical interconnections, as well as consultations among stakeholders in these areas, ranging from global policy and EU levels over national to regional and local actors including civil servants and politicians, researchers, commercial actors, civil society. Since the international landscape of urban policy and particularly urban transformations has recently been shifting with UN Agenda 2030, UN Habitat New Urban Agenda, and, in Europe, with an Urban Agenda for the EU, urban research and innovation, at least the parts tackling sustainable urbanisation, strives to elaborate how to support these objectives. Together with an account of how this was done from the insider perspective of a programme manager, this note presents questions and issues that will direct the JPI Urban Europe programming beyond 2020. The updated JPI Urban Europe agenda’s main novelty is a dilemma-driven approach to the thematic priorities in the programming activities and a transition arena concept for its implementation.
System for High-Intensity Evaluation During Radiation Therapy (SHIELD-RT): A Prospective Randomized Study of Machine Learning–Directed Clinical Evaluations During Radiation and Chemoradiation
Authors: Hong Julian C. , Eclov Neville C. W. , Dalal Nicole H. , Thomas Samantha M. , Stephens Sarah J. , Malicki Mary , Shields Stacey , Cobb Alyssa , Mowery Yvonne M. , Niedzwiecki Donna , Tenenbaum Jessica D. , Palta Manisha
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE

Patients undergoing outpatient radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiation (CRT) frequently require acute care (emergency department evaluation or hospitalization). Machine learning (ML) may guide interventions to reduce this risk. There are limited prospective studies investigating the clinical impact of ML in health care. The objective of this study was to determine whether ML can identify high-risk patients and direct mandatory twice-weekly clinical evaluation to reduce acute care visits during treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

During this single-institution randomized quality improvement study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04277650 ), 963 outpatient adult courses of RT and CRT started from January 7 to June 30, 2019, were evaluated by an ML algorithm. Among these, 311 courses identified by ML as high risk (> 10% risk of acute care during treatment) were randomized to standard once-weekly clinical evaluation (n = 157) or mandatory twice-weekly evaluation (n = 154). Both arms allowed additional evaluations on the basis of clinician discretion. The primary end point was the rate of acute care visits during RT. Model performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) and decile calibration plots.

RESULTS

Twice-weekly evaluation reduced rates of acute care during treatment from 22.3% to 12.3% (difference, −10.0%; 95% CI, −18.3 to −1.6; relative risk, 0.556; 95% CI, 0.332 to 0.924; P = .02). Low-risk patients had a 2.7% acute care rate. Model discrimination was good in high- and low-risk patients undergoing standard once-weekly evaluation (AUC, 0.851).

CONCLUSION

In this prospective randomized study, ML accurately triaged patients undergoing RT and CRT, directing clinical management with reduced acute care rates versus standard of care. This prospective study demonstrates the potential benefit of ML in health care and offers opportunities to enhance care quality and reduce health care costs.
Multidimensional Aspects of Female Sexual Function in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Dwiggins Maggie , Brookner Brittany , Fowler Kylie , Veeraraghavan Padmasree , Gomez-Lobo Veronica , Merke Deborah P
Published: September 2020

Context

46,XX patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are exposed to elevated androgens in utero causing varying levels of virilization. The majority undergo feminizing genitoplasty early in life, with potential impact on sexual function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Objective

We aimed to determine how sexual and lower urinary tract function, body image, and global HRQoL differs between patients with classic CAH and controls and to characterize how gynecologic anatomy contributes to outcomes.

Methods

36 patients with classic CAH and 27 control women who were matched for age, race, and marital status underwent standardized gynecological examination and validated questionnaires. The responses were analyzed in relation to gynecological measurements, genotype, and disease status.

Results

Compared with controls, patients with CAH were more likely to have sexual dysfunction (P = 0.009), dyspareunia (P = 0.007), and other pelvic pain (P = 0.007); were less likely to be heterosexual (P = 0.013) or ever have been sexually active (P = 0.003); had poorer body image independent of body mass index (P < 0.001); and had worse HRQoL in the areas of general health (P = 0.03) and pain (P = 0.009). The patients with CAH had smaller vaginal calibers and perineal body lengths and larger clitoral indexes when compared with controls (P < 0.001). A larger vaginal caliber in CAH patients was associated with better overall sexual function (P = 0.024), increased sexual satisfaction (P = 0.017), less pain (P < 0.001), and greater number of sexual partners (P = 0.02).

Conclusions

46,XX patients with CAH have increased rates of sexual dysfunction, poor body image, and poor HRQoL, which is mitigated by having a larger vaginal caliber. Management aimed at optimizing vaginal caliber might improve sexual function.
Multimodality imaging review of complex pelvic lesions in female pelvis
Authors: Chandramohan Anuradha , Bhat Tameem Ahmed , John Reetu , Simon Betty
Published: September 2020

Complex pelvic lesions can originate from various anatomical structures in the pelvis and pose a diagnostic dilemma due to a wide range of possible diagnoses. Accurate characterisation of these lesions would often require an algorithmic approach, which incorporates clinical findings, sequential use of multiple imaging modalities and a multiparametric approach. This approach usually aims at identifying key imaging features, which aid in anatomical localisation, morphology and tissue characterisation. There have been various attempts to standardise the lexicon used for describing adnexal masses in female patients; stratify their risk of cancer and suggest appropriate next steps in the management pathway. Through this review, we extend this approach to complex pelvic masses in female pelvis in general and will focus on optimal use of different imaging modalities to arrive at definitive diagnosis or meaningful differential diagnosis. We will also discuss potential pitfalls of imaging diagnosis and common mimics.
Sarek: A portable workflow for whole-genome sequencing analysis of germline and somatic variants
Authors: Garcia Maxime , Juhos Szilveszter , Larsson Malin , Olason Pall I. , Martin Marcel , Eisfeldt Jesper , DiLorenzo Sebastian , Sandgren Johanna , Díaz De Ståhl Teresita , Ewels Philip , Wirta Valtteri , Nistér Monica , Käller Max , Nystedt Björn
Published: September 2020

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a fundamental technology for research to advance precision medicine, but the limited availability of portable and user-friendly workflows for WGS analyses poses a major challenge for many research groups and hampers scientific progress. Here we present Sarek, an open-source workflow to detect germline variants and somatic mutations based on sequencing data from WGS, whole-exome sequencing (WES), or gene panels. Sarek features (i) easy installation, (ii) robust portability across different computer environments, (iii) comprehensive documentation, (iv) transparent and easy-to-read code, and (v) extensive quality metrics reporting. Sarek is implemented in the Nextflow workflow language and supports both Docker and Singularity containers as well as Conda environments, making it ideal for easy deployment on any POSIX-compatible computers and cloud compute environments. Sarek follows the GATK best-practice recommendations for read alignment and pre-processing, and includes a wide range of software for the identification and annotation of germline and somatic single-nucleotide variants, insertion and deletion variants, structural variants, tumour sample purity, and variations in ploidy and copy number. Sarek offers easy, efficient, and reproducible WGS analyses, and can readily be used both as a production workflow at sequencing facilities and as a powerful stand-alone tool for individual research groups. The Sarek source code, documentation and installation instructions are freely available at https://github.com/nf-core/sarek and at https://nf-co.re/sarek/.
PUblications Metadata Augmentation (PUMA) pipeline
Authors: Butters Oliver W. , Wilson Rebecca C. , Garner Hugh , Burton Thomas W. Y.
Published: September 2020

Cohort studies collect, generate and distribute data over long periods of time – often over the lifecourse of their participants. It is common for these studies to host a list of publications (which can number many thousands) on their website to demonstrate the impact of the study and facilitate the search of existing research to which the study data has contributed. The ability to search and explore these publication lists varies greatly between studies.

We believe a lack of rich search and exploration functionality is a barrier to entry for new or prospective users of a study’s data, since it may be difﬁcult to ﬁnd and evaluate previous work in a given area. These lists of publications are also typically manually curated, resulting in a lack of rich metadata to analyse, making bibliometric analysis difﬁcult.

We present here a software pipeline that aggregates metadata from a variety of third-party providers to power a web based search and exploration tool for lists of publications. Alongside core publication metadata (i.e. author lists, keywords etc.), we include geocoding of ﬁrst authors and citations in our pipeline. This allows a characterisation of a study as a whole based on common locations of authors, frequency of keywords, citation proﬁle etc. This enriched publications metadata can be useful for generating project impact metrics and web-based graphics useful for public dissemination. In addition, the pipeline produces a research data set for bibliometric analysis or social studies of science.
Effect of vitamin E supplementation on orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats
Authors: Sufarnap Erliera , Siregar Darmayanti , Lindawati Yumi
Published: September 2020

Background: Tooth movement induced by the application of orthodontic force is facilitated by bone remodelling cells and chemical mediators. Vitamin E has anti-inflammatory properties, which helps in suppressing the damaging effects of oxygen free radicals in cells during bone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats.

Methods: Wistar rats (n=56) were divided into two groups. Group 1 served as the control groups, while group 2 was given vitamin E for 14 days before application of orthodontic force. Each group was divided into four subgroups (n=7), corresponding to the number of days orthodontic force lasted, i.e. 0, 1, 3, 7 days. At each of these four time points, distance measurements and quantity of osteoblasts-osteoclasts were measured in each rat.

Results: Tooth movement distance was increased for group 2 than group 1 for all time intervals, but this difference was only statistically different on day 3 (p=0.001). For both groups, tooth movement was significantly different between each time interval in each group (p=0.041). The mean number of osteoblast cells was increased for group 2 compared to group 1 for all time intervals (p<0.05), but was not significant different between time intervals (p=0.897). The number of osteoclasts was not significantly different between groups, but it was statistically different between time intervals (p=0.004).

Conclusion: Present outcomes demonstrate that vitamin E contributes to faster tooth movement compared to control group.  It also stimulates more bone formation without reducing the bone resorption.
Using triallelic SNPs for determining parentage in North American yak (Bos grunniens) and estimating cattle (B. taurus) introgression
Authors: Kalbfleisch Ted , Petersen Jessica L. , Tait Jr. R. G. , Qiu Jiansheng , Basnayake Veronica , Hackett Peter H. , Heaton Michael P.
Published: September 2020

Background: Genetic testing for pedigree accuracy is critical for managing genetic diversity in North American (NA) yak (Bos grunniens), a population expanded mostly from imported zoological park specimens.  DNA testing also enhances species conservation by identifying recentB. taurusF1 hybrid ancestors (within three generations).  Biallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can accomplish either task, but increases the marker count and costs necessary to achieve both.  Our aim was to identify novel, multifunctional, triallelic yak SNPs (tySNPs), with each having two alleles for yak parentage testing, and a third allele for identifying recent cattle introgression. 

Methods:  Genome sequences were aligned to the cattle UMD3.1 assembly and SNPs were screened for 1) heterozygosity in a NA and a Chinese yak, 2) a third allele at high frequency in cattle, and 3) flanking sequences conserved in both species.  Subsequently, tySNPs were filtered for unique alignment to the haplotype-resolved F1 yak assembly.  Allele frequencies were estimated in a subset of 87 tySNPs by genotyping 170 NA yak.

Results:  We identified 610 autosomal tySNPs, distributed in 441 clusters with 5 Mb average genome spacing.  The average NA yak minor allele frequency was high (0.296), while average introgressed cattle alleles were low (0.004).  In simulations with tySNPs, 28 were sufficient for globally-unique animal identification (PI=5.81x10-12), 87 were able to exclude 19 random bulls from parentage at the 99% level without using the dam’s genotype (PE=5.3x10-4), and 87 were able to detect F1 hybridization events after three generations of yak backcrosses (1/16thB. taurusgermplasm).

Conclusions:  Identifying animals, determining parentage and detecting recent hybridization events was efficient with as few as 87 tySNPs.  A similar triallelic approach could be used with other bottleneckedBosspecies that hybridize with cattle, such as NA plains bison (B. bison).
Ancestral childhood environmental exposures occurring to the grandparents and great-grandparents of the ALSPAC study children
Authors: Golding Jean , Gregory Steven , Matthews Sarah , Smith Daniel , Suarez-Perez Almudena , Bowring Claire , Iles Caven Yasmin , Birmingham Karen , Pembrey Marcus , Suderman Matthew , Northstone Kate
Published: September 2020

Background: Cohort studies tend to be designed to look forward from the time of enrolment of the participants, but there is considerable evidence that the previous generations have a particular relevance not only in the genes that they have passed on, their cultural beliefs and attitudes, but also in the ways in which previous environmental exposures may have had non-genetic impacts, particularly for exposures during fetal life or in childhood.

Methods: To investigate such non-genetic inheritance, we have collected information on the childhoods of the ancestors of the cohort of births comprising the original Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The data collected on the study child’s grandparents and great grandparents comprise: (a) countries of birth; (b) years of birth; (c) age at onset of smoking; (d) whether the ancestral mothers smoked during pregnancy; (e) social class of the household; (f) information on 19 potentially traumatic situations in their childhoods such as death of a parent, being taken into care, not having enough to eat, or being in a war situation; (g) causes of death for those ancestors who had died. The ages at which the individual experienced the traumatic situations distinguished between ages <6; 6–11, and 12–16 years. The numbers of ancestors on which data were obtained varied from 1128 paternal great-grandfathers to 4122 maternal great grandmothers. These ancestral data will be available for analysis to bona fide researchers on application to the ALSPAC Executive Committee.
Castro Lopes e a crônica de Machado de Assis: discussão linguística nas páginas da Gazeta de Notícias
Authors: Oliveira Valnikson Viana , Barbosa Socorro de Fátima Pacífico
Published: September 2020

Este artigo visa demonstrar como o escritor Machado de Assis (1839-1908) contribuiu para a formação do gênero crônica no Brasil, utilizando-se das dimensões e da abrangência do suporte jornal. Abordamos especificamente suas posições acerca das propostas de Castro Lopes (1827-1901), famoso filólogo do final do século XIX que propôs substituir, na língua portuguesa, alguns estrangeirismos por vocábulos novos, criados por ele em maioria a partir do latim. Para tanto, analisaremos três crônicas publicadas sob pseudônimo e cuja autoria foi atribuída ao autor fluminense em 1955. As crônicas da série Bons Dias!, lançadas no periódico Gazeta de Notícias entre os anos de 1888 e 1889, tratavam majoritariamente dos grandes acontecimentos políticos da época, o que torna os três escritos selecionados como isolados dessa temática. Sendo assim, mostramos que o autor dessas crônicas, através de um discurso essencialmente retórico, tentava persuadir seus leitores a refletirem sobre as ideias do mencionado latinista. Para embasar o nosso trabalho, valemo-nos principalmente de Candido (1992) e Meyer (1992) no tocante ao estudo da crônica, assim como de Lausberg (1967), para a compreensão das técnicas da retórica. Também subsidiamos nossa análise em Farias (2013), Gledson (2008), Barbosa (2011), Betella (2006) e Magalhães Júnior (1985; 2008).
Théophile Gautier, o folhetinista ficcionista-poeta
Authors: Gimenez Priscila Renata
Published: September 2020

Théophile Gautier (1811-1872) foi poeta, romancista e contista, reconhecido na plêiade da literatura do século XIX, e também dedicou toda sua vida ao jornalismo. Toda sua produção para a imprensa periódica constitui relevantes documentos literários. Este estudo dedica-se a uma análise da escrita dos folhetins teatrais escritos por Gautier para o jornal parisiense La Presse na década de 1840. Tendo como base os principais estudos sobre as relações entre literatura e imprensa, além dos estudos críticos sobre o escritor-jornalista, com as análises e a explanação dos primeiros anos do autor como folhetinista teatral, visa-se demonstrar que sua crítica aos espetáculos revela conceitos artísticos e que a estética e composição de sua pena de ficcionista e poeta da era romântica, articuladas a uma escrita literário-jornalística, são inventivas e transgressoras diante do discurso típico do suporte. Na seção do folhetim destinado à revista teatral, graças à liberdade do rodapé do jornal, espaço dedicado à transposição literária da realidade, pela linguagem e pela ficção, Théophile Gautier questiona o panorama dos espetáculos bem como da realidade cotidiana, narrando e apreciando as representações e as principais de peças dramáticas e líricas de sua época.
A verdade do coração: circulação de livros e retórica sentimental no Diário do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Cardoso André Cabral de Almeida
Published: September 2020

Levando em consideração a importância da imprensa periódica na disseminação da literatura ao longo do século XIX, este artigo examina textos de diversos tipos publicados no jornal Diário do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 1830 e 1860, a fim de rastrear a maneira como as obras literárias eram divulgadas e lidas nesse período, tomando como referencial os trabalhos de Abreu (2013, 2014, 2016a, 2016b), Maçano (2010) e Augusti (2006) sobre a circulação de livros no Brasil oitocentista. Parte-se de uma análise dos anúncios de livros à venda colocados no jornal, que oferecem indicações sobre aquilo que se julgava ser de interesse do leitor, para em seguida se investigar resenhas, biografias de escritores e artigos de opinião também publicados no periódico, com o objetivo de mapear a maneira como essas obras eram recebidas. Dada a forte presença de uma retórica sentimental nesses textos, busca-se mostrar de que modo essa retórica revela, ou mesmo ajuda a moldar, determinadas atitudes relacionadas às funções da literatura, às condições de sua recepção e à sua relação com o pensamento.
Honey dressings for diabetic foot ulcers: overview of evidence-based practice for novice researchers
Authors: Foster Joseph Lewis , McNaughton Amanda
Published: September 2020

This article explores how nurses can use evidence-based practice to appraise the rationale and evidence for specific nursing procedures or practices. A literature review of published evidence on honey dressings for diabetic foot ulcers was conducted by a novice researcher (lead author) under the supervision of a lecturer (second author). A methodology was followed to construct an answerable research question and to guide the search and retrieval of evidence. The strengths and limitations of a selected study were appraised, and its implications for practice considered. This article highlights an area of practice that warrants further attention and demonstrates the use of evidence-based practice to consider the quality and utility of clinical research.
Using a health improvement methodology to standardise leg ulcer management
Authors: Mahoney Kirsten , Simmonds Wendy
Published: September 2020

Despite guidelines, best-practice statements and CQUIN targets, venous leg ulcers have been highlighted as an area that continues to demonstrate lack of evidence-based practice and variation in practice, which contribute to poor patient outcomes and escalating costs. Leg ulcer services that use a systematic and standardised approach to leg ulcer management are highly successful in improving healing rates, preventing recurrence and contributing to patients' wellbeing. This article seeks to explore the use of the plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycle in clinical practice to improve and standardise leg ulcer management.
Sámi film production and ‘constituted precarity’
Authors: Moffat Kate
Published: September 2020

This article seeks to both understand and characterize the intrinsic power relationships at the centre of the contemporary Sámi media industries. In the case of the Sámi, the Finno-Ugric indigenous minority who primarily inhabit the northernmost regions of Europe, the need to establish visibility through a variety of film and media channels is amplified by their ongoing constitutional marginalization in both political and economic forums. However, this article asks whether the Sámi face uniquely precarious barriers as indigenous media producers by introducing the concepts of ‘constituted precarity’ and ‘symbolic cultural labour’. Specifically, it frames the idea of constituted precarity as a type of ideological power relationship where the ‘host’ nations strategically engineer the precariousness of Sámi media platforms, primarily through policy. By examining the Sámi film industry’s position in Norway’s regional film funding infrastructure, we can identify different forms of precarity and manifestations of indigenous cultural labour that will help us determine whose interests are represented in the ongoing debates over cultural ownership and Sámi self-determination.
Marco Santagata. Boccaccio. Fragilità di un genio
Authors: Marnoto Rita Maria
Published: September 2020

Recensão
A forma cancioneiro petrarquiana como arquétipo
Authors: Marnoto Rita Maria
Published: September 2020

Este artigo retoma o conceito ecdótico de arquétipo para explorar a sua aplicação à ordenação da forma cancioneiro petrarquiana. Depois de uma reflexão acerca do conceito de arquétipo, incide-se sobre alguns momentos particularmente significativos de um percurso historicamente estruturado. Nesse âmbito, consideram-se o comentário de Luigi Marsili, as primeiras impressões do Cancioneiro e a aldina de 1501, bem como o comentário de Francesco Vellutello. Passa-se então a assinalar o impacto da re-descoberta, na Biblioteca Vaticana, em 1886, do manuscrito Vat. Lat. 3195, códice no qual Francesco Petrarca trabalhou nos últimos anos da sua vida. Tendo em linha de conta pesquisas mais recentes acerca do modo como a ordenação do Cancioneiro estaria a ser ideada pelo poeta, são tiradas conclusões relativas à temporalidade do conceito de arquétipo, na sua aplicação à forma cancioneiro petrarquiana.
Visão social e humana da ciência da informação
Authors: Gomes Liliana Isabel Esteves , Marques Maria Beatriz Moscoso
Published: September 2020

A Ciência da Informação (CI), inscrita na vasta área das ciências sociais e humanas, evidencia uma clara dimensão transdisciplinar e, em simultâneo, relações interdisciplinares com outras áreas do conhecimento. Neste artigo, pretende-se analisar a evolução das disciplinas Arquivística (AA), Biblioteconomia (BA), Museologia (MA) e Documentação (DA), e dos respetivos serviços, bem como explicitar a sua convergência para a CI. Para dar cumprimento a tal propósito optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza exploratória, traduzida na revisão da literatura. Reconhece-se que persiste o arquétipo da tradicional compartimentação documentalista da informação (IF) pelo espaço institucional e/ou tecnológico onde se conserva. Contudo, é crescente a colaboração e convergência entre Bibliotecas (B), Arquivos (A) e Museus (M), em particular no ambiente digital. Conclui-se que, ao deslocar-se o enfoque do objeto de estudo do documento e/ou da IF para o Ser Humano que a produz e consome, estamos a contribuir para a afirmação de uma CI Social e Humana (CISH).
Arquétipos e paisagens. Simulacros e anatopias geográficas nos territórios contemporâneos de consumo, lazer e turismo
Authors: Fernandes João Luís Jesus
Published: September 2020

A globalização é um processo sistémico e multidimensional que promove dinâmicas de difusão espacial. Essa difusão faz a deslocalização global de modelos e arquétipos associados às dinâmicas do consumo, lazer e turismo. Desta forma, cria espaços que representam realidades alógenas e anatopias geográficas que parecem traduzir um mundo falso e aparente que encolheu e no qual tudo parece mais próximo.
Demétrio e o estilo
Authors: Cairus Henrique Fortuna , Almeida Marina Albuquerque  de
Published: September 2020

O conceito moderno de ‘estilo’ – dο qual deriva o de ‘estilística’, disciplina que foi testemunha da querela entre a Linguística e os estudos literários no século XX – herdou da Retórica antiga o seu conteúdo (figuras e tropos) e foi largamente usado como tradução direta do conceito latino ‘elocutio’ (em especial no tratado De elocutione [Περὶ ἑρμηνείας], de Demétrio), e como tradução (no geral, indireta) de conceitos gregos, como ἑρμηνεία, λέξις e φράσις. Há ainda outros conceitos que parecem intimamente ligados ao de estilo, como os de ‘ornatum’ e ‘decorum’. Compreendendo que as referências clássicas do conceito de ‘estilo’ se mostram essenciais para a escrita da história deste conceito moderno, este artigo buscará apresentar um catálogo de conceitos antigos que encontraram no ‘estilo’ (ou style, em inglês e francês) a sua tradição tradutória, além de tentar construir uma breve história de cada um desses percursos tradutórios.
Analyzing the Contribution of Training Algorithms on Deep Neural Networks for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Authors: Günen Mehmet Akif , Atasever Umit Haluk , Beşdok Erkan
Published: September 2020

Autoencoder (AE)-based deep neural networks learn complex problems by generating feature-space conjugates of input data. The learning success of an AE is too sensitive for a training algorithm. The problem of hyperspectral image (HSI)
classification by using spectral features of pixels is a highly complex problem due to its multi-dimensional and excessive data nature. In this paper, the contribution of three gradient-based training algorithms (i.e., scaled conjugate gradient (SCG), gradient descent
(GD), and resilient backpropagation algorithms (RP)) on the solution of the HSI classification problem by using AE was analyzed. Also, it was investigated how neighborhood component analysis affects classification performance for training
algorithms on HSIs. Two hyperspectral image classification benchmark data sets were used in the experimental analysis. Wilcoxon signed-rank test indicates that RB is statistically better than SCG and GD in solving the related image classification problem.
Kompetensi Interkultural Pengajaran Bahasa Arab sebagai Bahasa Asing pada Jenjang Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Muhammad Yusuf
Published: September 2020

The intercultural aspect is an important component of teaching Arabic in Indonesia. That is because cross-cultural understanding is the basis for learners to be able to communicate and interact in Arabic effectively and efficiently. This paper examines how the concept of intercultural competence in teaching Arabic at the level of Madrasah Aliyah. Academic problems are read using the literature method and analyzed using content analysis. This study formulates that intercultural competence in teaching Arabic at the Madrasah Aliyah level consists of students' knowledge of the language as a cultural phenomenon of Arab society, student awareness of cultural distinction and culture of Arab society, and sensitivity of students to these differences. In the framework of obtaining intercultural competencies, the learning process must be constructive, interactive, connective, reflective, and responsive. While teaching evaluation can be done using oral tests or by observation, project-based assessment, portfolio, or peer assessment. In addition, the qualifications of a teacher besides being professional must also be able to understand the culture of Arab and Islamic society to further assess, be innovative, and be able to conduct constructive studies of the cultural and linguistic aspects of Arab and Indonesian society.

Keywords: Intercultural Competence, Foreign Language Pedagogy, Arabic Language, Madrasah Aliyah
Facetas cerâmicas para tratamento multidisciplinar de agenesia bilateral de incisivos laterais superiores: caso clínico com acompanhamento de três anos
Authors: Tsuzuki Fernanda Midori , Terada Raquel Sano Suga , Endo Marcos Sérgio , Kitayama Vivian Sayuri
Published: September 2020

A agenesia dentária, especialmente de incisivos laterais superiores, é o tipo de anomalia dentária mais comum. Na maioria das vezes, provoca a desarmonia do sorriso e gera insatisfação no paciente. Além disso, requer um planejamento multidisciplinar para definir a melhor opção de tratamento, visando um bom resultado estético e funcional. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a abordagem multidisciplinar em um caso de reanatomização de caninos com laminados cerâmicos em paciente com agenesia bilateral de incisivos superiores. Paciente do sexo masculino, 31 anos de idade, procurou atendimento relatando insatisfação estética dos dentes anteriores. Ao exame clínico, observou-se diastemas e agenesia dos dentes 12 e 22. O paciente informou que passou por tratamento ortodôntico há 10 anos para fechamento dos espaços e reanatomização dos caninos em laterais; porém, não houve uma finalização adequada e desejável. O planejamento iniciou-se pelo enceramento diagnóstico, seguido de mock-up. O plano de tratamento proposto foi realizar gengivoplastia e osteotomia seguida de clareamento caseiro e o restabelecimento estético f inal por meio de laminados cerâmicos à base de dissilicato de lítio em oito elementos dentários. Conclui-se que a reanatomização de caninos em incisivos laterais superiores ausentes por agenesia, com laminados cerâmicos, é uma boa alternativa para o tratamento estético reabilitador. A abordagem evita desgastes de estrutura dentária em comparação às técnicas convencionais de confecção de coroas totais e é mais previsível e durável esteticamente do que restaurações diretas de resina composta.
Avaliação das ponteiras de fotopolimerizadores utilizadas na clínica de uma faculdade de Odontologia
Authors: Miranda Diogo de Azevedo , de Oliveira Paloma Martins , Ganimi Nathália Ferreira , Marques Larissa Altomare Carvalho Ribeiro , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio
Published: September 2020

Introdução: As resinas compostas são materiais operador-dependentes e, consequentemente, LED-dependentes. Existem muitos tipos de LEDs disponíveis no mercado e, dessa forma, o conhecimento da irradiância emitida e dos componentes do equipamento é fundamental para manter a qualidade das restaurações adesivas. A ponteira condutora de luz, dependendo do fotopolimerizador, pode ser transparente ou escura e pode alterar a irradiância do aparelho quando em contato com impurezas, quando estiver trincada e/ou fraturada. Objetivo: Avaliar as ponteiras de fotopolimerizadores utilizadas na clínica de uma faculdade de Odontologia, bem como mensurar a irradiância emitida antes e após serem substituídas. Métodos: 20 aparelhos fotopolimerizadores foram analisados por um avaliador calibrado, que verificou a presença de fraturas (sim ou não), detritos (sim ou não) de remanescentes de materiais resinosos e capacidade de reflexão (trincas). Foi realizada a mensuração da irradiância de cada aparelho antes e após a troca das ponteiras. Resultados: Após a análise dos dados, foi aplicado o teste t pareado comparando a irradiância após a troca da ponteira com a irradiância inicial. As análises foram realizadas com nível de significância de 5%. Houve aumento significativo da irradiância (p < 0,05) após a substituição de todas as ponteiras dos aparelhos. Ainda, pôde-se observar que 30% das ponteiras apresentavam detritos; 30%, trincas; 30%, fraturas; e 10% apresentavam detritos e trincas. Conclusão: A presença de detritos, trincas e fraturas fez com que a irradiância emitida pelos aparelhos diminuísse drasticamente, e a substituição das ponteiras fez com que os aparelhos pudessem ser novamente utilizados com segurança.
Knowledge management as a support for supply chain logistics planning in pandemic cases
Authors: Pinto Carlos Alberto Schettini
Published: September 2020

Objective: This study presents how the knowledge management can be an excellent ally to logistics for planning the supply chain in actions in cases of pandemic.

Project / Methodology / Approach: The present study was based on a bibliographic review sought in the main existing databases. From there, it was possible to obtain subsidies to support the proposal of this work.

Results: The results showed that a correct application of knowledge management can assist in logistical planning in a very effective way, reducing gaps and shortages, providing very effective actions to mitigate the main obstacles that a pandemic can generate.

Research limitations: The most important limitation in this study was the fact that the COVID-19 pandemic is still very active and logistics operations do not yet have effective and consolidated data to bring even more reliable results.

Practical implications: According to the conclusions obtained, governmental organizations, at their three levels (municipal, state and federal) should focus on creating public policies that mitigate the problems of supplying of the various matrices of inputs and products.

Originality / value: The main contribution of the research lies in the opportunity to present a management component to assist the logistical demands that occur in a pandemic environment.
Dynamic Modeling and Control Analysis of Industrial Electromechanical Servo Positioning System Using Machine Learning Technique
Authors: Thangavel S. , Maheswari C. , Priyanka E. B.
Published: September 2020

Servo electromechanical systems are used in industrial automation to attain high accuracy, reliability, linearity, and high aspect ratio. Such technology possesses the advantage of compact structure and easy control over electro-pneumatic and electro-hydraulic systems. The major drawback of this technology is the high friction/vibration and also the jerk of servo electromechanical drives that are caused by load variation and speed regulation. When the load is varied, the force acting on the ball screw leading along the axial direction is varied, resulting in the creation of vibrations that lead to fatigue and wear. The major cause for this nature is magnetic loading and unloading capability of electrical machines, selection of controller tuning values, and feedback mechanism. It is necessary to control the magnitude of vibration to get smooth control on the toolpath during load variation. To arrest the vibration, the position control of the servo motor is implemented. In this proposed work, the design requirement of the servo mechanism, such as the stability of the driving mechanism, is examined in detail with mathematical modeling of the servo system. Simulation of the servo mechanism performance according to design and operating parameters is performed based on the derived mathematical model. To analyze the performance of the position control, gain-phase margin controller is compared with conventional Ziegler Nichols and auto-tune PI controllers. Further, the machine learning algorithm of K-means clustering is executed by taking the motor current parameter because the motor current is proportional to the torque, which gets direct impact by the load variations. Further, the cluster assignment on the motor current attributes is undertaken to infer either that the load variation is gradual or that it gives sudden fluctuations during the position control on the trajectory path.
The SUMO Conjugase Ubc9 Protects Dopaminergic Cells from Cytotoxicity and Enhances the Stability of α-Synuclein in Parkinson’s Disease Models
Authors: Verma Dinesh Kumar , Ghosh Anurupa , Ruggiero Lindsey , Cartier Etienne , Janezic Eric , Williams Dionne , Jung Eui-Gil , Moore Michael , Seo Jong Bok , Kim Yong-Hwan
Published: September 2020

Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) is a widespread regulatory mechanism of post-translational modification (PTM) that induces rapid and reversible changes in protein function and stability. Using SUMO conjugase Ubc9-overexpressing or knock-down cells in Parkinson’s disease (PD) models, we demonstrate that SUMOylation protects dopaminergic cells against MPP+ or preformed fibrils (PFFs) of α-synuclein (α-syn)-induced toxicities in cell viability and cytotoxicity assays. In the mechanism of protection, Ubc9 overexpression significantly suppressed the MPP+ or PFF-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while Ubc9-RNAi enhanced the toxicity-induced ROS production. Further, PFF-mediated protein aggregation was exacerbated by Ubc9-RNAi in thioflavin T staining, compared with NC1 controls. In cycloheximide (Chx)-based protein stability assays, higher protein level of α-syn was identified in Ubc9-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) than in EGFP cells. Since there was no difference in endogenous mRNA levels of α-syn between Ubc9 and EGFP cells in quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), we assessed the mechanisms of SUMO-mediated delayed α-syn degradation via MG132, proteasomal inhibitor, and PMA, lysosomal degradation inducer. Ubc9-mediated SUMOylated α-syn avoided PMA-induced lysosomal degradation because of its high solubility. Our results suggest that Ubc9 enhances the levels of SUMO1 and ubiquitin on α-syn and interrupts SUMO1 removal from α-syn. In immunohistochemistry, dopaminergic axon tips in the striatum and cell bodies in the substantia nigra from Ubc9-overexpressing transgenic mice were protected from MPTP toxicities compared with wild-type (WT) siblings. Our results support that SUMOylation can be a regulatory target to protect dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress and protein aggregation, with the implication that high levels of SUMOylation in dopaminergic neurons can prevent the pathologic progression of PD.
Alcohol Increases Exosome Release from Microglia to Promote Complement C1q-Induced Cellular Death of Proopiomelanocortin Neurons in the Hypothalamus in a Rat Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Mukherjee Sayani , Cabrera Miguel A. , Boyadjieva Nadka I. , Berger Gregory , Rousseau Bénédicte , Sarkar Dipak K.
Published: September 2020

Microglia, a type of CNS immune cell, have been shown to contribute to ethanol-activated neuronal death of the stress regulatory proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron-producing β-endorphin peptides in the hypothalamus in a postnatal rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. We determined whether the microglial extracellular vesicle exosome is involved in the ethanol-induced neuronal death of the β-endorphin neuron. Extracellular vesicles were prepared from hypothalamic tissues collected from postnatal rats (both males and females) fed daily with 2.5 mg/kg ethanol or control milk formula for 5 d or from hypothalamic microglia cells obtained from postnatal rats, grown in cultures for several days, and then challenged with ethanol or vehicle for 24 h. Nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy indicated that these vesicles had the size range and shape of exosomes. Ethanol treatments increased the number and the β-endorphin neuronal killing activity of microglial exosomes bothin vivoandin vitro. Proteomics analyses of exosomes of cultured microglial cells identified a large number of proteins, including various complements, which were elevated following ethanol treatment. Proteomics data involving complements were reconfirmed using quantitative protein assays. Ethanol treatments also increased deposition of the complement protein C1q in β-endorphin neuronal cells in bothin vitroandin vivosystems. Recombinant C1q protein increased while C1q blockers reduced ethanol-induced C3a/b, C4, and membrane attack complex/C5b9 formations; ROS production; and ultimately cellular death of β-endorphin neurons. These data suggest that the complement system involving C1q-C3-C4-membrane attack complex and ROS regulates exosome-mediated, ethanol-induced β-endorphin neuronal death.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurotoxic action of alcohol during the developmental period is recognized for its involvement in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, but the lack of clear understanding of the mechanism of alcohol action has delayed the progress in therapeutic intervention of this disease. Proopiomelanocortin neurons known to regulate stress, energy homeostasis, and immune functions are reported to be killed by developmental alcohol exposure because of activation of microglial immune cells in the brain. While microglia are known to use extracellular vesicles to communicate with neurons for maintaining homeostasis, we show here that ethanol exposure during the developmental period hijacks this system to spread apoptotic factors, including complement protein C1q, to induce the membrane attack complex and reactive super-oxygen species for proopiomelanocortin neuronal killing.