bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new approach to the treatment of macular edema associated with toxocaral uveitis in remission in pediatric ophthalmology using a VEGF inhibitor
Authors:   St.Luka's Clinical Research Center for Children, 38 Aviatorov St., Nazarenko A.O. , Cha V.S. ,   St.Luka's Clinical Research Center for Children, 38 Aviatorov St., Sidorenko E.E. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University,   St.Luka's Clinical Research Center for Children, 38 Aviatorov St., Astasheva I.B. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Buldakov I.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Loskutova V.E. ,   St.Luka's Clinical Research Center for Children, 38 Aviatorov St.
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To demonstrate the results of treatment with the use of a VEGF inhibitor (anti-VEGF) in a clinical case of severe edema of the macular and paramacular regions against the background of toxocaral uveitis in remission. Material and methods. This article presents a clinical case of an 11-year-old female patient with increasing severe macular edema with neovascularization, which appeared against the background of toxocaral uveitis in remission. In connection with the progression of the disease, the patient was injected intravitreally with an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor aflibercept. Results. At discharge, the patient showed positive dynamics in the form of an increase in visual acuity in the left eye from 0.04 to 0.07. According to the results of ophthalmoscopy and OCT of the left eye, a decrease in the area of exudation is determined, which confirms the effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusion. The description of this case can be provided as information about the possibility of using a VEGF inhibitor for exudative processes of the macular region of various etiologies in the absence of the effectiveness of conservative treatment methods. Key words: toxocariasis, uveitis, macular edema, aflibercept, anti-VEGF, OCT.
Pharmacoeconomical approaches for assessing the rational use of ophthalmic drugs in polyclinic settings
Authors:   FSI «Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the GS of the AF of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Nefedov N.A. , Ramonas D.S. ,   FSI «Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the GS of the AF of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Khasanov B.G. ,   FSI «Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the GS of the AF of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Alexandrov A.S. ,   FSI «Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the GS of the AF of the Russian Federation», Moscow
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the results of the rational use of ophthalmic medicines with the use of pharmacoeconomical analysis. Material and methods. With the help of ABC-VEN analysis, a comparative study of the quality of pharmacotherapy and drug provision of patients who were monitored and treated by an ophthalmologist of the polyclinic in 2015 and 2019 was conducted. Results. As a result, it was found that the share of costs for vital drugs increased by 10.1% and amounted to 71.1% in 2019, which corresponds to the standardized criterion (70-80%). There was a reduction in the cost of purchasing secondary drugs by 7.6%, which indicates a rational drug supply of ophthalmic drugs. The most commonly used drugs for the treatment of glaucoma were 27.8% in 2015 and 35.1% in 2019. The share of their acquisition costs was 54.9% and 67.9%, respectively. There was a significant increase in the range and number of drugs for the treatment of patients with glaucoma: a 2.8-fold increase in the number of purchased eye drops for monotherapy and a 12% increase in the number of combined drugs. Conclusion. Pharmacoeconomical analysis showed an optimization of spending money on the purchase of drugs used in ophthalmology: an increase of 10.1% in the share of vital drugs and a decrease of 7.6% in the cost of purchasing secondary drugs. There was an increase in the range and quantity of drugs for the treatment of patients with glaucoma. Key words: ABC-VEN-analysis, drugs, ophthalmology, pharmacoeconomics.
OCT-meniscometry as a method for quantifying the balance of the lacrimal system
Authors:   Cheboksary Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsyrgery Federal State Institution, Aldarraji I. , Shkolnik S. ,   Cheboksary Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsyrgery Federal State Institution, Shkolnik G. ,   Cheboksary Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsyrgery Federal State Institution, Vasilyeva А. ,   Cheboksary Branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsyrgery Federal State Institution
Published: June 2021

All diseases of the lacrimal apparatus of the eye disrupt the balance of the lacrimal system either due to changes in the production of tears, or due to the insufficiency of its removal, so the study of the quantity and quality of tears on the eye surface allows us to reliably assess the effectiveness of methods of treating the pathology of the lacrimal organs. OCT-meniscometry is the only non-contact, non-invasive, accurate method of examining the lacrimal apparatus, which is reflected in the publications of many authors. The aim of our study was to improve the accuracy and automate the process of calculating the area of the lacrimal meniscus, as well as to evaluate the correlation between the indicators of OCT-meniscometry and functional tests. Materials and methods. The study included 50 patients with dacryostenosis (group 1), who were examined before and 1 month after surgical treatment (recanalization of SOP), as well as 30 patients without pathology of the lacrimal organs, who did not complain of lacrimation and dry eyes (group 2). All patients underwent a Schirmer and Norn test according to the generally accepted method, and OCT-meniscometry was performed using an optical coherence tomograph. The resulting OCT-meniscogram was transferred to a special mathematical program. Green's formula was used to calculate the area. Results. Meniscometry data had a strong correlation with functional tests (p<0.05) and high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. The method of OCT-meniscometry has a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to routine tests, is less invasive, highly informative, which, of course, increases the reliability of the analysis of treatment results. Key words: meniscometry, TMA, lacrimal meniscus area, lacrimal system balance, dacryology.
Outcomes of spontaneous regression of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Zнukova O.M. , Tereshchenko A.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Trifanenkova I.G. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Tereshchenkova M.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To analyze postnatal outcomes in children with spontaneous ROP regression. Material and methods. The study included 37 children (74 eyes) with spontaneous ROP regression. Gestational age was ranged from 23 to 32 weeks, body weight - from 493 to 1660 g at birth. Depending on the observation period, the children were divided into 2 age groups: 1 - from 1 month to 4 years old - 31 children (62 eyes), 2 - from 9 to 13 years old - 6 children (12 eyes). The diagnostics included standard ophthalmological examinations and additional methods. Results. In the first group, upon reaching the age of 1-year, complete retinal vascularization was observed in 26 (83%) cases (52 eyes). 5 children (10 eyes) had a narrow retinal avascular zone in the temporal segment. In the second group, in cases of postponed 3-rd stage of ROP, more severe disorders in the peripheral parts of the retina were revealed: compaction of the posterior hyaloid membrane with fixation and zones of traction retinoschisis of varying length. In the first years of life, all patients with ROP had a history of predominantly hyperopic refraction (94%). However, myopic refraction prevailed (82%) in the second group of children reaching school age. Conclusion. Considering the significant variability of the clinical manifestations of the cicatricial stage of ROP with spontaneous regression, long-term observation and a comprehensive ophthalmological examination of this group of patients are necessary for timely treatment. Key words: retinopathy of prematurity, spontaneous regression, cicatricial phase.
Evaluation of microvascular changes with the use of OCT-A in macular teleangioectasias of type 2
Authors:   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Purshak S.M. , Melikhova I.A. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Boriskina L.N. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Balalin S.V. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To study the parameters of microvascular changes in the retina with their quantitative assessment by OCT-angiography. Materials and methods. The control group is consisted of 20 healthy eyes (group I), 20 eyes with type 2 macular telangioectasia without CNV (group II), and 20 eyes with macular telangiectasia with CNV (group III). All patients underwent optical coherence tomography with the function of angiography. Results. FAZ parameters: Group I 0.234±0.08, group II 0.357±0.05, group III 0.339±0.11. PERIM FAZ: I group 1.857±0.34, II group 2,971±0.36, III group 2.853±0.56. FD index: I group 53.48±2.73, II group 52.83±4.66, III group 54.18±6.39. Conclusion. In the course of the study, statistically significant increases were detected in the parameters of the FAZ and PERIM ingroup II and III compared to the control group. Key words: macular telangioectasia, MacTel, optical coherence tomography with angiography function, OCT-A, FAZ, PERIM, FD.
Dynamics choroidal thickness in anterior uveitis without visible retinal changes
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Udovichenko E.V. , Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Danilova L.P. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To assess the state of the choroid in patients with HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis without detectable lesions of the macular zone by ophthalmoscopy. Material and methods. 22 patients with HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis without detectable changes in the macular zone by ophthalmoscopy – the main group. Age: 39.02±13.76 years, men – 16 and women – 8. Best corrected visual acuity varied from 0.1 to 0.5 (average 0.3). The level of intraocular pressure according to Maklakov in all eyes varied from 15 to 22 mm Hg. The parameters of paired intact eyes of patients served as a control. The subfoveal choroid thickness (CT) was determined using optical coherence tomography in comparison with paired intact eyes before treatment and 2 weeks after its initiation. Results. The initial values of the CT indexes in the main group varied from 337 to 371 μm, averaging 354±8 μm. This is statistically significantly higher than in intact paired eyes 255±7 μm (from 246 to 268 μm), p <0.001. 2 weeks after the start of treatment CT indexes in the main group were 268±10 μm, which was statistically significantly lower than the initial indexes in this group, p<0.001. In paired eyes, they were 254±6 μm. Conclusion. A statistically significant increase in CT was revealed in the eyes of patients with acute anterior uveitis, which statistically significantly exceeded the values of the paired intact eye on average on 100 μm. 2 weeks after the start of treatment, the CT indexes statistically significantly decreased to 268±10 μm, which did not differ statistically significantly from the CT indexes of the intact eye. Key words: anterior uveitis, HLA-B27, choroidal thickness.
The Photopic Negative Response evaluation in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
Authors:   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Shmelkova M.S. , Sheremet N.L. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Ronzina I.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Andreeva N.A. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Zhorzholadze N.V. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Murakhovskaya Y.K. ,   Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Krylova T.D. ,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia, Tsygankova P.G. ,   Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To assess the retinal ganglion cells function in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) by registering the photopic negative response (PhNR) while the photopic electroretinography is performed. Material and methods. 14 patients with different LHON mutations and 9 healthy individuals were examined. A standard ophtalmological examination was performed, including visual fields, spectral optical coherence tomography, photopic electroretinography and PhNR tests. Results. Significant differences in the PhNR latency (68.4±4.01/64.28±5.37, p<0,01) and the PhNR amplitude (21.5±9.34/32.72±12.73, p<0,003) were revealed in patients with LHON and the control group. The study revealed significant differences between the PhNR latency (р<0.01) and the PhNR amplitude (р<0.008) in patients with visual acuity (VA) ≤ 0.1 and the control group, and between the PhNR amplitude in patients with VA≥0.13 and the control group (р<0.05). There were found significant correlations between the PhNR parameters and visual acuity, mean sensitivity, RNFL and GCC thickness. A strong positive correlation was found between the PhNR amplitude and the GCC thickness in patients with VA≥0.3. Conclusion. The PhNR parameters reflect the retinal ganglion cells function in patients with LHON and correlate with RNFL and GCC structural changes. Key words: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, mitochondrial optical neuropathies, retinal ganglion cell, photopic negative response, PhNR.
Analysis of surgical treatment results of the traumatic cataract with the lens capsule-ligament apparatus destruction and suture fixation of IOL
Authors:   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Zotov A.S. , Balalin A.S. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Balalin S.V. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Marukhnenko A.M. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, Yefremova T.G. ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To evaluate the surgical treatment results of traumatic cataract with the lens capsule-ligament apparatus destruction and suture fixation of IOLs. Materials and methods. 33 patients with traumatic cataract with the lens capsule-ligament apparatus destruction and suture fixation of IOLs aged 22 to 68 years were examined. All patients underwent phacoemulsification of traumatic cataract with IOL implantation using standard technology with a 2.0 mm tunnel incision. The result was evaluated on the first day, first and third months of observation. Results. On the 1st day after the operation the BCVA increased from 0.11±0.12 to 0.43±0.26, the IOP decreased from 21.67±1.5 to 20.97±1.2 mm Hg. By the 3rd month of observation the mean BCVA value was 0.61±0.29, IOP – 19.33±1.0 mm Hg. Conclusion. Traumatic cataract phacoemulsification with implantation and suture fixation of IOL is an effective method of treatment, allowing to achieve not only anatomical, but also a good functional result. Key words: traumatic cataract, phacoemulsification, IOL suture fixation.
Clinical and functional results of closing macular holes with the foveal-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Kolesnik A.I. , Kolesnik S.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Avakyan F.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Shpak A.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Pismenskaya V.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Zhuravlev A.S. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow
Published: June 2021

Introduction and purpose. Idiopathic macular hole (IMH) is an urgent medical and social problem of the population of developed countries. It is known that microinvasive 3-port vitrectomy with gas-air tamponade is a generally accepted method of surgical treatment of IMH. There is still no clear understanding of the reasons for incomplete functional success in this category of patients, despite the anatomical success. Thus, there is a need to develop and implement in clinical practice a modification of the ILM peeling technique for the treatment of small and medium-diameter of IMH, which would not be inferior in anatomical effectiveness to existing methods and would be accompanied by a less damaging effect on the structures of the retina. Material and methods. The study included 10 patients with a diagnosis of IMH, who underwent a 3-port microinvasive 25G vitrectomy with the preservation of foveal ILM. Results. The analysis of the clinical and functional results of surgical treatment of IMH with the foveal fragment left revealed the complete closure of the macular tear, the absence of gross defects of the ellipsoid zone, an increase in the values of the average visual acuity and microperimetry from the 1st month of dynamic observation. Conclusion. Thus, the proposed low-traumatic method of treating IMH with the preservation of foveal ILM provides a stable anatomical and functional result, the restoration of both morphological and functional parameters, and minimizes the mechanical impact on the retina in the fovea zone. Key words: macular rupture, internal limiting membrane, chromovitrectomy.
Optimization of surgical treatment of secondary closed-angle glaucoma in patients with organic block of the anterior chamber angle
Authors:   Morozovskaya Children‘s City Clinical Hospital DZM, Moscow, Nasyrova I. M. , Ovchinnikova A.V. ,   Morozovskaya Children‘s City Clinical Hospital DZM, Moscow
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Optimization of surgical treatment of secondary closed-angle glaucoma in patients with organic block of the anterior chamber angle. Material and methods. The analysis of the results of 6 AGO using autologous scleral drains treated with MMC is presented in children with an organic block of the anterior chamber angle without the phenomena of neovascularization is privided. Five children had uveal glaucoma; one child had an essential mesodermal iris dystrophy with secondary glaucoma. In all cases before the formation of autologous scleral drains, intraoperative applications of MMC were performed, followed by a plentiful washing of the operating field with normal saline solution. The duration of follow-up was from 1.5 to 7 years. Results. The operations proceeded without complications. There was a long choroidal edema on one eye in the early postoperative, stopped with the help of conservative treatment for 10 days. In the long term, on one eye in the period of exacerbation of uveitis, dislocation of autodrainages arose, which was facilitated by the appearance of exudative effusion in the anterior chamber. Later on this eye the failure of the AGO developed. On the other eyes, the intraocular pressure remained compensated, and the functions were stable. Conclusion. Treatment of drainages from the autosclera with MMC before implanting them into the anterior chamber of the eye, in patients with organic block of the anterior chamber angle, is effective against the hypotensive effect of the operation and is safe for intraocular structures while observing the processing technique. Key words: secondary closed-angle glaucoma, anterior chamber, autologous
Complex technology of laser surgery for pigmentary glaucoma
Authors:   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, A.S. Sarkisyan , A.S. Balalin ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch, S.V. Balalin ,   S.N. Fedorov NMRC «MNTK «Eye Microsurgery», Volgograd Branch
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To analyze the complex method effectiveness of pigmentary glaucoma laser surgery (YAG-laser iridectomy and a multistep SLT). Materials and methods. Laser iridectomy was performed in 14 patients (28 eyes) aged 13 to 54 years old with pigmentary glaucoma after achieving the values of the individual IOP level against the background of drug therapy. Then after 4 weeks SLT was carried out. If an exogenous pigmentation was ≥2 st., SLT repeated several times every 4-6 months. Observation period: from 4 to 15 years. Results. The glaucoma process stabilization was achieved in all cases. The level of true IOP decreased by 6.6±0.3 mm Hg (-30%, p<0.05), Becker's coefficient by 121±4.3 (-60%, p <0.001), the instillations number by 1.32±0.06 (-70%, p<0.001). The indicators increased: the average value of the total retinal photosensitivity by 381±4.3 dB (15%, p<0.001), the average threshold of the retinal photosensitivity by 2.6±0.1 dB (10%, p<0.001), the lightness of the intraocular liquid outflow by 0.08±0.013 (72%, p<0.001). Drug hypotensive therapy was canceled at 12 eyes (42.8%). Conclusion. The complex method of pigmentary glaucoma laser surgery in the form of YAG-laser iridectomy and the multistep SLT is effective and safe. It can be performed for a decrease of increased ophthalmotonus level to the individual IOP against the background of drug treatment. Key words: pigmentary glaucoma, YAG-laser iridectomy, selective laser trabeculoplasty.
Experience in surgical treatment of idiopathic macular ruptures in Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Orenburg branch, Firsov A.S. , Chuprov A.D. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Orenburg branch, Trubnikov V.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Orenburg branch, Voronina A.E. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Orenburg branch
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To study the anatomical and functional results of various methods of surgical treatment of idiopathic macular rupture. Material and methods. In the course of this study, 50 medical records of patients with a diagnosis of macular rupture were randomly selected from the total number of those, who underwent the surgery at the Orenburg branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution for 2020 year. Patients were divided into 3 groups. In the first group (38 eyes), the macular rupture was closed using ACP and PRP, in the second group (7 eyes) – using an inverted flap of the internal border membrane, in the third group (5 eyes) – by mechanical convergence of the edges of the rupture followed by tamponade of the vitreous cavity with silicone oil. Results. To assess the medical efficiency of the studied methods of surgical treatment of idiopathic macular rupture, the rate of increase in the maximum corrected visual acuity (MCVA) was calculated for each patient. Conclusion. The calculated indicator of the dynamics of vision improvement «the rate of BCVA growth» as a whole reflects the positive dynamics of the treatment of idiopathic macular rupture by surgical methods and can be used to assess the medical effectiveness of methods of treating patients with eye diseases initially with different values of the BCVA parameter. In the course of the analysis, no significant differences were found between the influence of various methods of surgical treatment of macular rupture on the rate of BCVA growth or rupture closure. Correlation analysis did not establish a statistically significant dependence of the growth rate of BCVA on the initial size of the rupture. Key words: macular rupture, inverted flap, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), autologous conditioned plasma (ACP).
Beden Eğitimi ve Öğretim Temalı Doktora Tezlerine İlişkin Bibliyometrik Analiz
Authors: UYSAL Hüseyin Şahin , ATAY Emrah
Published: June 2021

Günümüzde üniversiteler bilimsel faaliyetlerin merkezi olarak görülmekte ve bilimsel alandaki gelişmeler sonucunda multidisipliner bilim dalları ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise tarihi uzun yıllara dayanmasına rağmen gelişimini sürdüren ve pek çok disiplinden etkilenerek alt disiplinlere ayrılan Beden Eğitimi ve Spora ilişkin doktora tezlerini bibliyometrik analiz ile değerlendirmektir. Çalışma kapsamında; beden eğitimi ve öğretim kelimelerini tez başlığında içeren araştırmalara ulaşmak için veri toplama aracı olarak Ulusal Tez Merkezi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 2007-2020 yılları arasında beden eğitimi ve öğretim anahtar kelimelerini tez başlığında içeren 26 doktora tezi araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Tezlerin yıllara göre dağılımı, cinsiyet dağılımı, danışman unvanları, kullanılan kaynakça sayısı ve türü, anahtar kelimelerin analizi, tezlerin yapıldığı üniversiteler, enstitüler, ana bilim dalları ve konu alanları, katılımcı türleri ve özellikleri araştırmanın değişkenlerini oluşturmuş; araştırmanın veri analizi için ise tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yüzde ve frekans kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda doktora tezlerinin ağırlıklı olarak erkekler tarafından yapıldığı (n=18, 69,2%), en çok doktora tezinin Gazi Üniversitesinde yapıldığı, enstitü bazında en fazla doktora tezinin Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsünde (n=11, 42,3%) yapıldığı ve anabilim dalı olarak da en fazla doktora tezinin Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı’nda (n=11, 38,5%) yapıldığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmanın bulgularından hareketle, beden eğitimi ve spor alanındaki araştırmacıların nicel analiz yapmaya eğilimli oldukları (%71,3) ve bilim dalının multidisipliner yapısından dolayı beden eğitimi ve öğretimi anahtar kelimeleri ile eğitim biliminden spor yönetimine kadar geniş kapsamda çalışmalar yapılabildiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Incidence of Postpartum Prepubic Tendon Rupture and Abdominal Herniation in Fat-Tail Ewe
Authors:   Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran., MT Garoussi , MJ Ragh ,   Institute of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran
Published: June 2021

Occasionally herniation of abdominal wall may occur in ewe due to rupture of Prepubic tendon and muscles of abdominal walls during the last month of pregnancy. Subsequently, different parts of the gastrointestinal tract get out of their original location. Only one (0.2%) out of 500 ewes Shal fat-tail breed suffered from herniation due to the rupture of Prepubic tendon in Amin Abad research institution of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran-Iran. It was 7 years old. It was lambed normally for four times. The ewe delivered normally without any sign of dystocia in the last lambing. It was suffered due to Prepubic tendon rupture after 8 days of parturition. In abdominal exam, the signs of herniation were cleared typically. The herniation could be rejected in abdominal exam. This is the first report of rupture of Prepubic tendon and herniation of abdominal wall in ewe after parturition in Iran. It can be due to the weakness of abdominal wall muscles in aged ewes.
The Tactile Sensing with Light Propagation in a Four-Layer Slab Waveguide for Breast Tumor Detection
Authors:   University of Keimyung, School of Medicine, South Korea, H Lee J
Published: June 2021

Light propagation in a 4 layer slab waveguide is considered. The supported modes are of higher orders than zero, with a larger node concentration toward the layers with larger refractive index. Additionally, we consider the geometric optics approximation to describe very thick waveguides. Light can be coupled from LED by direct focusing with a lens, and coupling can be optimized by introducing a transverse displacement in order to focus it on the layers with larger refractive index. Further optimization can be done by tilting the lens and bringing in some degree of coma aberrations.
Digital Ischemia and Necrosis from Oxaliplatin
Authors:   Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, USA, C Huang , L Storey ,   Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, USA, U Chaudhary ,   Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, USA
Published: June 2021

Oxaliplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in a variety of malignancies such as colorectal cancer and pancreatic cancer. It is a platinum derivative that results in direct cell cytotoxicity with resultant cell death. The most common side effects often noted are neurotoxicity, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression. Oxaliplatin induced digital ischemia and necrosis is a rare side effect that was observed in our patient. In general, digital ischemia is a rare vascular disorder that is often associated with autoimmune disease [1]. Here, we intend to present a patient with digital ischemia due to Oxaliplatin, which was a chemotherapy agent used in the treatment of his urachal adenocarcinoma.
Brain Tumors Presumed Malignant without Biopsy-Evaluation and Treatment Problems
Authors:   nsurance Medicine, Lecturar Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania, Soare Ioana , Muntean Petru-Emil ,   Emergency Hospital of Arges County, Pitesti, Romania, Mirica Roxana ,   Insurance Medicine, Lecturar Carol Davila University, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2021

Patients with brain tumors may have the following issues: tumors are in deep or vital regions; they refuse the biopsy; the neurosurgeon does not reach the tumoral tissue and the biopsy is irrelevant; advanced cases, considered “outside the surgical and oncological therapeutic resources”. These patients cannot receive oncological treatment or radiotherapy because of the restrictive indications of the insurers (health insurance companies) or because of the risk of allegations of malpractice. Patients will not receive some social security rights (short term sick leave, disability pension) in the same way as cancer patients, but only as a patient with a common illness. Patients can receive palliative treatment, can be hospitalized in oncology departments. We propose to discuss a separate diagnostic and treatment protocol for this group of patients, based on laboratory (ctDNA) and imagistic criteria. Assistive technologies using Computer Vision Model combined with Convolutional Neural Network may help classificate and diagnose these tumors.
Peculiarities of sonoelastographic imaging of thyroid papillary cancer in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Khachatryan Anna R. , Vardanyan Goar J. , Avetisyan Garnik A. , Chomoyan Aram S. , Baghdasaryan Satenik E. , Porksheyan Kristina A.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To determine the features of visualization of papillar thyroid cancer (PTC) in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) according to sonoelastography data.
Materials and methods. 155 patients were examined (75 PTC, 30 AIT, 20 PTC in presence of AIT and 30 with diffuse parenchymal changes) and 30 patients of the control group. Among patients with PTC 68 (90.7%) were represented by female (mean age 46.713.12 years) and 7 (9.3%) by male (average age 48.14.05 years) patients, PTC in presence of AIT by 19 female (average age 46.916.98 years) and 1 male (22 years) patients. Ultrasound investigation was performed with devices Toshiba Aplio-400 and Toshiba Aplio-500 (Japan) by the standard method and using elastography. A surface transducer with a frequency of 1014 MHz was used. An analysis of the thyroid ultrasound image was performed in correspondence with TI-RADS. For a qualitative assessment of the elastographic picture of thyroid foci, the TsukubaUeno assessment visual standardized system was implemented.
Results. According to the TI-RADS scale, most nodular formations are assigned to category 4. With TPC with an unchanged thyroid gland, category 4 was determined in 52 patients (69.3%), and with PR in presence of AIT 15 patients (75%). When determining the qualitative criteria for Tsukuba Ueno, the majority of tumors were assigned to types 3b and 4: cancers in presence of AIT 95% and cancers with no changes to thyroid gland 81.3%. Sonoelastographic criteria for thyroid parenchyma with AIT with a high degree of confidence are significantly higher than in the control group (p0.000). In a comparative analysis of thyroid sonoelastography in PTC with unchanged parenchyma and AIT, changes according to compression elastography are statistically unreliable. In shear wave elastography, sonoelastographic criteria for PTC are significantly higher in patients with AIT (p0.02 when measured in kPa, p0.01 when measured in m/s).
Conclusion. Sonoelastography data can be used as additional criteria in the differential diagnosis of focal thyroid formations.
Familial left ventricular noncompaction: phenotypes and clinical course. Results of the multicenter registry
Authors: Kulikova Olga V. , Myasnikov Roman P. , Mershina Elena A. , Pilus Polina S. , Koretskiy Sergei N. , Meshkov Aleksei N. , Kiseleva Anna V. , Kharlap Mariia S. , Sinitsyn Valentin E. , Sdvigova Nataliia A. , Gandaeva Leila A. , Barskiy Vladimir I. , Derevnina Yuliia V. , Zharova Olga P. , Basargina Elena N. , Boytsov Sergey A. , Drapkina Oksana M.
Published: June 2021

Aim. To analyze and demonstrate various phenotypes in patients with familial left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC).
Materials and methods. In 2013 was created a multicenter registry of LVNC patients. On its basis 30 families with a familial LVNC were selected.
Results. 30 LVNC families were selected from the register. From a total of 115 people (probands and relatives) in 71 (61.7%) LVNC was diagnosed (30 probands and 41 relatives with non-compact myocardial criteria). The most common type of remodeling in patients was the dilated type (DT) (n=30), the isolated LVNC with preserved ejection fraction (EF) was slightly less common (n=23), and the hypertrophic type (GT) was detected in 8 patients. 4 patients were diagnosed with the isolated LVNC with a reduced EF. 3 patients were with a combination of non-compact myocardium with congenital heart disease and with a combination of DT and GT (DT+GT). During the analysis of cases a combination of different phenotypes in the same family was observed. The largest number of families was diagnosed with a combination of DT and the isolated LVNC with preserved EF. The development of cardiovascular complications was associated with DT.
Conclusion. Family cases of LVNC had different types of myocardial remodeling and variants of clinical course. In one family a combination of different types of left ventricular remodeling is possible. DT is associated with the most severe clinical manifestations. The clinical picture of the isolated LVNC with preserved EF, is the most favorable, but in rare cases, serious clinical manifestations were observed.
Liver and COVID-19: possible mechanisms of damage
Authors: Mnatsakanyan Marina G. , Pogromov Aleksandr P. , Lishuta Aleksei S. , Fomin Victor V. , Volkova Olga S. , Tashchyan Olga V. , Kuprina Irina V. , Shumskaya Yuliia F.
Published: June 2021

The global epidemic of a new coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 is a major threat to human health. In the clinical picture, along with acute respiratory distress syndrome, liver lesions are also noted. The following mechanisms are currently being considered: direct damaging effects of SARS-CoV-2, immuno-mediated inflammation, hypoxia, drug exposure, and reactivation of pre-existing liver disease. We studied 150 patients with COVID-pneumonia who are under inpatient treatment at the University Clinical Hospital No. 1 of Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. Of these, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in 84 (56.0%) patients. In 55 (36.7%) patients, an increase in serum aminotransferases was registered, mainly alanine aminotransferase max. up to 572 U/L and aspartate aminotransferase up to a max. of 232 U/L. The long-term consequences are unknown and require monitoring of these patients.
Mixed steatohepatitis: more questions than answers (part 2)
Authors: Raikhelson Karina L. , Kondrashina Elina A. , Pazenko Ekaterina V.
Published: June 2021

In this review, we discussed the epidemiological and pathogenetic aspects of mixed steatohepatitis (SH), developed due to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, drug-induced liver injury. We discussed the mechanisms of the mutually aggravating influence of etiological factors. Drugs can cause steatosis and SH, as well as contribute to the progressive course of existing SH, primarily of metabolic origin. The issues of interaction of pathogenetic factors, peculiarities of diagnostics and perspectives of pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment are considered. Therapy of mixed SH is based on avoidance of hepatotoxic drugs and lifestyle modification, medications with demonstrated efficacy (such as ademetionine) in certain SH might be used.
2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): contribution of rheumatology
Authors: Nasonov Evgeny L.
Published: June 2021

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic become a major challenge for humanity and a unique opportunity to get an idea of the real achievements of modern biology and medicine. In the course of the pandemic, a large number of new fundamental and medical issues have been revealed regarding the relationship between viral infection and many common chronic non-infectious diseases, among which immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) occupy an important position. It is now well known that SARS-CoV-2 infection is accompanied by a wide range of extrapulmonary clinical and laboratory disorders, some of which are characteristic of IMRD and other autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases in humans. The most severe consequence of alterations in regulation of the immunity in COVID-19 and IMRD is the so-called cytokine storm syndrome, which is defined as COVID-19-associated hyperinflammatory syndrome in COVID-19, and as macrophage activation syndrome in IMRD. The COVID-19-associated hyperinflammatory syndrome was used as a reason for drug repurposing and off-label use of a wide range of anti-inflammatory drugs, which have been specially developed for the treatment of IMRD over the past 20 years. Common immunopathological mechanisms and approaches to pharmacotherapy in COVID-19 and IMRD determined the unique place of rheumatology among medical specialties contributing to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. The article provides the basic provisions of the International and National Association of Rheumatologists and the Association of Rheumatologists of Russia (ARR) recommendations for management of patients with IMRD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The study of the efficiency of robotic mechanotherapy with the use of an exoskeleton for the lower extremities in patients with multiple sclerosis with impaired walking function
Authors:   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Gevorkyan Armen A. , Kotov Sergei V. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Lizhdvoy Viktoriia Yu. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia, Baryshev Artem M. ,   Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2021

Aim. To study the efficiency of robotic mechanotherapy using the exoskeleton ExoAtlet on the functional state of patients with multiple sclerosis with impaired walking function. Materials and methods. This is a prospective, open, single-center study. The study included 53 patients with remitting course in remission and secondary progressive course, who had a neurological deficit level of 3 to 7 on the disability status scale (EDSS). To assess the severity of neurological deficits and functional state, we used the extended EDSS. Also we used the multiple sclerosis functional composite (MSFC) test, including the assessment of walking – Timed 25-Footwalk, the assessment of upper limb functions – 9-HolePegTest (9-HPT), the assessment of mental abilities – Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Additionally, the preservation of cognitive functions was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA). Results. When assessing the level of disability on the EDSS scale, patients showed a statistically significant (p<0.02) decrease in this indicator by 0.22 points (4%). When studying the degree of impairment of the pyramidal function in patients, there was a decrease in indicator by 0.21 points (7%); p<0.01. The study of the SDMT subtest showed a statistically significant (p<0.02) improvement, the increase in the indicator was 2.3 points (4.3%). When evaluating other MSFC subtests, there was a statistically significant improvement in Timed 25-Footwalk subtest (p<0.001), 9-HPT on dominant (p<0.02) and non-dominant (p<0.02) hands. The improvement in Timed 25-Footwalk subtest score was 3.3 s (18.6%), in the 9-hole test on the dominant hand – 1.7 s (5.6%), on the non-dominant hand – 2.3 s (6.7%). When studying MoCa test, a statistically significant (p<0.001) improvement in cognitive functions after a course of rehabilitation was noted with a high degree of confidence, the improvement was 1.5 points (5.7%). Assessment of affective disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis showed a statistically significant decrease in the level of depression (p<0.02) on the HADS scale by 0.9 points (16.4%), and the level of anxiety (p<0.001) by 1.2 points (21.4%). Conclusion. During the study, data were obtained that showed the efficiency of robotic mechanotherapy using the exoskeleton for the lower extremities as a method of rehabilitation and the prospects for further study of this direction for restoring walking function in patients with MS in the presence of a motor deficit in the lower extremities.
Risk factors for fractures in patients with cerebrovascular disease
Authors:   National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia, Shishkova Veronika N. , Shishkova Veronika N. ,   Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia, Kosmatova Olga V. ,   National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia, Skripnikova Irina A. ,   National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia, Drapkina Oksana M. ,   National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russia
Published: June 2021

Aim. To study the link between various risk factors and an occurrence of osteoporotic fractures (OPF) in women who have had a first ischemic stroke (IS). Materials and methods. The study included 170 women 45 to 80 years of age who have had the first IS and received neurorehabilitation treatment for post-stroke speech disorders in the Center for Speech Pathology and Neurorehabilitation in Moscow in 2011–2013. For all women, the ten-year absolute risk of major OPF and hip fractures (HF) was retrospectively analyzed using the FRAX algorithm, excluding the data on bone mineral density. The risk of OPF was assessed according to the treatment intervention threshold proposed by the Russian Osteoporosis Association in 2012. In January 2021, a telephone survey was conducted to register the fractures that occurred over the past period of time. The SPSS Version 20 was used for statistical analysis of the results. Results. During the study period, fractures with a minimal level of trauma occurred in 34 (20%) women (fractures of fingers, toes, and skull bones were excluded). The absolute risk of OPF and HF in women with a low-traumatic fracture was higher than in patients without it (p<0.001), but did not reach the treatment intervention threshold proposed by the Russian Osteoporosis Association in 2012. Correlation analysis demonstrated the association between the occurrence of low-traumatic fractures in patients who had the first non-cardioembolic IS and the following parameters: age (rd=0.277; p<0.001), weight (rd=-0.368; p<0.001), body mass index (rd=-0.378; p<0.001), total cholesterol concentration (rd=0.189; p=0.014), type 2 diabetes mellitus (f=0.225; p=0.003), HF in parents (f=0.375; p<0.001). Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate the presence of an association between the occurrence of low-traumatic fractures in patients with prior non-cardioembolic IS and traditional risk factors included in the FRAX algorithm, as well as with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Traditional and rare causes of ischemic stroke in 18 to 50-year old persons
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Pizov Nikolai A. , Skachkova Olga A. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Pizova Nataliia V. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia, Baranova Natalia S. ,   Yaroslavl State Medical University, Yaroslavl, Russia
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the epidemiological data on the incidence of ischemic stroke (IS) in persons aged 18–50 years, the frequency of various subtypes of IS, depending on the region according to the TOAST classification. Based on recent studies, the frequency of the main traditional risk factors for IS in young people is given, as well as our own data on the frequency of detection of various subtypes of IS on admission and the main risk factors in 145 people aged 18–45 years. The article describes other, moderate causes of stroke at a young age, taking into account modern diagnostic capabilities.
Detection about fungal contamination in products milk in local and manufacturing yogurt and cheese in Al-Diwaniya city
Authors: Walaa Yas Lahmood  , Dhuha Mahdi Jabir
Published: June 2021

This study included random examination of milk products such as yogurt and cheese in both types the local and manufacturing milk product, to detect the fungal contamination in these products. Yogurt was a well source of essential nutrients such as protein, essential minerals (Ca, P, Mg, Zn, K) and vitamins such as B1, B9, B2 B12, B3. Yogurt increase the body product of cytokine, activity of phagocytic cell, antibodies, T- cell and natural killer cell, also it induced immune system against other diseases such as cancer, gastrointestinal and allergic syndrome. Caseins are the main protein in cheese; which exist in the form of aggregates after combination with colloidal calcium phosphate common knowledge as micelles of casein. Caseins in cheese are nutritionally rich due to the high supply of essential amino acids, phosphate and calcium. Samples taken from market of al-Diwaniya city about ten samples for each type, these samples cultured on SDA by use dilution method and after incubated found several types of fungi were appeared, such as Candida albicans the general average for it cell in 1 ml about 2.7×10^2(cell/ml) in samples of local yogurt, 7.6×10 (cell/ml) in samples of manufacturing yogurt, in cheese; about 1.8×10(cell/ml) in samples of local cheese and 1.3×10 in manufacturing cheese. The fungi also appeared in samples such as Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporium, Trichoderma harzianum, the higher frequency rate was recorded in samples of local yogurt about 13.7%, 25.4%, 19.6%, 11.3% respectively.