bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting Steel Consumption for India using Multi-Variate Regression Analysis of Data from Similar Countries
Authors: Raghav Agarwalla  , Dr. Sunil Chinta
Published: November 2022

An attempt is made to create a statistical model for predicting finished steel consumption for India in the medium term by studying historical data from similar sized steel economies. Economies were selected based on their size and steel consumption profile. These were further narrowed down to those economies where reliable economic data was available for a per capita GDP range where India has been in the recent past and would be in the medium term. Finally the data for China and South Korea were found suitable. The data was split in periods where said economies were in the per capita GDP range of $500-2000 and $2000-10,000 (constant 2021 US$). India is currently at a per capita GDP of $2000. Thereafter, utilising regression analysis, starting with a single variable regression and advancing into regularised multi-variate regression, an attempt was made to narrow down the economic predictors for steel consumption. Finally a model was derived after multiple rounds of data fitting that could predict the per capita steel consumption for India. To arrive at a steel consumption number for a particular year, the economic variables responsible for steel consumption were forecasted for the year and a range was arrived at. The resultant range for steel consumption for India in 2030 is 157-188 mn MT.
Methods for Water and Waste Water Treatment and Management
Authors: Dr. Amresh Kumar
Published: November 2022

Waste water is water whose physical, chemical or biological properties have been changed as a result of the introduction of certain substances which render if unsafe for some purposes such as drinking. The day to day activities of man is mainly water dependent and therefore, discharge waste into water. This article highlights methods of waste water treatment system and management for toxic wastes.
A Comparative Study of Blood Glucose Level Measurement Between Glucometer and Semi Autoanalyser
Authors: Jagroop Singh  , Dr. Sukhraj Kaur  , Manjinder Kaur  , Dr. Manpreet Kaur Verma
Published: November 2022

Background; Glucometers are the excellent tools for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Glucometer is widely used at hospitals and homes as a first line tool to get an idea about the current blood glucose levels. They are important especially in the circumstances where continuous monitoring is mandatory and at decision making levels. Materials and Methods; The Study was Conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Civil Hospital Tarn Taran. Proper informed consent was taken from all the participation, a total of 60 sample were taken. Result; We found that that at very high glucose readings (i.e. in group 3 patients having plasma glucose levels ≥ 251 mg/dl), glucometer overestimates glucose results. So, these values do not accurately reflect actual plasma glucose levels. Conclusion; Blood glucose testing with glucometer is a simple, rapid & cost effective method for glucose monitoring. On the other hand centralized laboratory glucose testing despite higher operational time and cost burden is still more reliable method for diagnosis and management of the patient. Finding in our study suggest that very high glucose values with glucometer do not accurately reflect actual plasma glucose levels; but it overestimates glucose results. So, the routine practice of performing only single testing with glucometers can lead to misdiagnosis. So, readings obtained using glucometers especially at the critical hyperglycemic levels, should be cautiously interpreted and verified with centralized laboratory. Medical professionals should depict diabetic patients the importance of periodic centralized laboratory glucose testing. A further detailed study for comparison of plasma glucose levels using glucometer and GOD-POD method in hypoglycemic patients with a larger sample size is needed.
CENTER FOR PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL PREVENTION IN MOSCOW: ISSUES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Kamynina N. N. , Aksenova E. I.
Published: November 2022

The authors have identified the priorities of the CPHMC based on the results of the Center's work in 2021 and the trends in the development of public health in Moscow. Along with this, the preferred directions for the development of the public health system in the city of Moscow are highlighted. Scientific research in the areas of work of the Center for Medical Health Care allows using reliable and up-to-date scientific information in the work of health care in Moscow, which makes it possible to improve not only the quality, but also the volume of work performed, projects of management decisions in the field of public health. As part of the activities of the CPHMC, it is planned to expand the range of activities related to the formation of the health of labor collectives and to draw the attention of employers to corporate public health programs to the maximum.
THE RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK, CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS, DEPENDING ON THE EDUCATION
Authors: Larina V. N. , Oinotkinova O. Sh. , Glibko K. V. , Arakelov S. E. , Titova I. Yu. , Kasaeva D. A. , Kuraeva V. M. , Varlamova Yu. Yu.
Published: November 2022

Aim. To assess the frequency of risk factors (RF), total cardiovascular risk (CHR) and their association with the level of education in young and middle-aged people.Methods. Persons aged 25-59 (40.4 ± 9.2) years old took part in a one-stage comparative study; an anamnesis was taken, a physical examination was carried out, risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, cardiovascular risk were assessed according to the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation scale in persons aged 40 years and older, according to the relative risk scale - under the age of 40, laboratory parameters.Results. Hypercholesterolemia was present in 6.1%, hyperglycemia - in 4%, obesity - in 2.5%, one risk factor - in 25.5%, 3 or more risk factors - in 30.7% of patients, the maximum number of risk factors - in men. Moderate CVR was present in 58.4%, very high - in 3.7%, low - in 31.8% of cases. Low CV risk: prevalence in women with higher education (p = 0.034), compared with women with secondary education, which was not observed in the group of men (p = 0.109). Men smoked more. Persons with higher education quit smoking 4 times more often than persons with secondary education (p = 0.001; OR = 3.98), persons with secondary education smoked 2.74 times more often (p = 0.001, OR = 2.74), than higher education. Overweight was detected in 47%: in females (p < 0.001) and males (p = 0.003), its occurrence was less common in the group with higher education. AH was present in 8.3% of patients, and the level of its control was better in those with higher education than those with secondary education (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The gender conditionality of low CVR and unidirectional trends in attitudes towards smoking in connection with the level of education were established. Purposeful consideration of the level of education, age, gender, increases the identification of risk groups for the formation of multimorbidity and high cardiovascular risk in the future.
FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSTICS FOR THE NEEDS OF MEDICAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Mikhailov I. V. , Bonkalo T. I. , Khalilov M. A. , Shmeleva S. V. , Logachev N. V.
Published: November 2022

The problems of licensing and licensing control of medical activities in the Russian Federation are related to the fundamental responsibility of healthcare - to comply with federal standards of safety, quality and accessibility. The introduction of special diagnostic equipment into the activities of the institutions of medical and social expertise of the Russian Federation and the obligation to use it for expert needs from 2022 has become the time to answer the questions: what are the safety and quality requirements when carrying out work using special diagnostic equipment; whether the organizational and managerial schemes of the activities of institutions of medical and social expertise should change; whether this is a new level of development of medical and social expertise or an expansion of the competencies of functional diagnostics; Are we standing at the origins of a new type of medical activity, and is there much new in this? Answers to these questions should not be expected from the future, putting at risk, in a period of uncertainty and searching for solutions, the life and health of patients, but it is advisable to look in the history of domestic medicine and science, their best practices, adapting them to the strict compliance with the legal field of our country today today.
FEATURES OF NUTRITION OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE TWENTIES OF THE XXI CENTURY AS A HEALTH RISK FACTOR
Authors: Mingazov R. N. , Gureev S. A. , Zotov V. V. , Popel A. E. , Belisheva O. A. , Mingazova E. N.
Published: November 2022

Adolescence is considered a vulnerable period of life due to the influence of factors that potentially contribute to the formation of unhealthy eating behavior. At the same time, the role and importance of healthy nutrition, as well as the process of forming habits and skills of good nutrition, are especially important for adolescence and adolescence, taking into account their fertility potential.Significant factors influencing the formation and changes in the eating behavior of adolescents and youth are indicators of the economic and social development of the country, place of residence, the level of income of the population, including family income, the level of education of parents, the opportunity to engage in physical education and sports, advertising pressure, including including television and on the Internet, the state of society and industry, the degree of psychological well-being in the family and school environment, the level of complexity of personal and communication problems of young people. In order to improve eating behavior and health, reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods among adolescents and young people, systemic actions are needed that target various eating habits. It is important that the activities take into account the emotional, socio-economic and cultural aspects of the life of young people in different countries.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGIES AND THE ATTITUDE OF SENIOR CITIZENS TO THEIR USE
Authors: Odintsova O. V. , Korshunov A. M. , Kotovskaya M. G. , Gurtskoy L. D.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study presented in this paper is to consider the attitude of senior citizens (aged 65 years and older) to telemedicine technologies and their readiness to use them.Telemedicine has become widespread in recent years, and its use will expand in the near future. Telemedicine technologies have proved to be an effective tool for solving a number of problems: providing access to medical consultations, prompt response of medical workers to patient requests, monitoring of health indicators, etc. However, the prevalence of the use of these technologies is differentiated in different age groups. Due to the fact that elderly citizens are not active users of digital gadgets, the introduction of telemedicine technologies into their daily practice of taking care of their own health is in many ways difficult.
THE HISTORY OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH
Authors: Orlova N. V. , Kovtiukh G. S. , Kamynina N. N. , Bonkalo T. I.
Published: November 2022

The article gives an idea of health and diseases in various historical epochs. Depending on the historical period, there is a different amount of information about medicine, including diseases and the concept of «Health». This is due to the amount of archaeological and documentary evidence. For a long time, ideas about health have been closely linked with religion. Hippocrates and other scientists of the ancient world at the heart of health determined the state of equilibrium of the four main fluids. With the development of anatomy, physiology and medicine, the development of diseases was considered as damage to anatomical structures and disruption of their functions. In the XIV-XV centuries, a direction appeared that considers the influence of social and social factors on human health. In the XIX century, the ideas of health and disease are further developed based on physiological and anatomical studies. The German Anatomical School compared the concepts of human health and pathology, linked the development of diseases with changes in cells. During the 20th century, on the one hand, medicine became more and more molecular and submicroscopic; on the other hand, global attention to people, both healthy and sick, resumed, which gave rise to synergetic, multifaceted definitions of health. The World Health Organization in 1946 formulated the definition of health as «a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not just the absence of diseases or physical defects.» In the future, this concept was repeatedly criticized, as it considered health as an ideal and brought it closer to the concept of happiness. Today it is obvious that the concept of health is a multifactorial concept and, in addition to the medical component, is closely related to other areas of human life: sociology, ecology, cultural studies, economics, etc.
ADULTS NEUROGENESIS AS A RESERVE FOR HEALTH PRESERVATION
Authors: Tliashinova I. A. , Yusupova M. M. , Mingazov R. N. , Volkova O. A. , Mingazova E. N.
Published: November 2022

The article presents scientific evidence that new neurons from progenitor cells throughout life in almost all animals with a nervous system are an integral component of neuronal ontogenesis and plasticity.It has been shown that there are neural stem cells in the brain that give rise to adult neurogenesis, occurring primarily in the dentate gyrus, a subregion of the hippocampus important for learning, memory, and emotion. With age, there is a decrease in adult neurogenesis, which is associated with a decrease in cognitive functions. Newly formed neurons and «immature» neurons together constitute a potential reservoir of young cells («brain reserve») that can be used to prevent aging and/or delay the onset/reduce the impact of neurological disorders.The possibility of using neurogenic processes for therapeutic purposes to reduce pain and improve the quality of life of patients is implied.
THE CONCEPT OF PATIENT AND DOCTOR DIGNITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Shvets Yu. Yu.
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the problem of the dignity of doctor and patient, in the Russian Federation, their relationship in the context of the modern realities of medicine. Today there is an acute problem of decreasing patient's trust in the doctor. Despite the development of advanced technologies and the appearance of modern effective methods of treatment, which increase the effectiveness of recovery, the human interaction between the patient and the doctor takes second place. This leads to a problem of distrust of treatment methods and psychological tension, which can be a factor impeding healing. It also leads a person to endlessly change doctors in order to compare specialists' opinions, to search for information about his ailment on the Internet, up to self-diagnosis and cases of self-treatment. At the same time, there has been a significant increase in the number of cases of diminishing the dignity of the doctor. This threatens to reduce public respect for medical professionals, disappointment in their own profession, and an increase in conflict situations. Therefore, along with the use of all the medical technologies available today, it is extremely important for the doctor to observe the principles of his and the patient's dignity and not to lose the purely human connection with the patient.
PERSONAL GROWTH AND PERCEIVED ABILITY TO WORK OF HEADS OF DEPARTMENTS OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Yarotsky S. Y. , Kazakov A. S. , Kochubey V. V. , Kochubey A. V.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Despite the need for the heads of departments to implement the labor functions of a clinician and manager, the study of personal growth and perceived ability to work in this category of medical workers was not carried out.The purpose of the study: determining the relationship of personal growth and perceived ability to work of heads of departments of medical organizations, as well as the impact on self-esteem of various characteristics of this category of respondents.Methods. A correspondence survey was conducted of 216 heads of clinical departments in the section «personal growth» of the questionnaire «psychological well-being of Riff» and the questionnaire «perceived ability to work» of the Institute of Social Research of the University of Michigan. The personal growth index is the average score according to the statements of the 1st questionnaire. The index of ability to work is the sum of points for each of the statements of the 2nd questionnaire. The average length of service is 23.1 ± 8.60 years, the average age is 47.9 ± 8.08 years. 123 (56.9%) men, 117 (54.2%) worked in a hospital, 114 (52.8%) worked in the «red zone», 111 (51.4%) have a second higher education, 138 (63.89%) have a qualification category, 63 (29.1%) have an academic degree. The Spearman correlation coefficients and the Student's criterion are calculated to assess the relationship and significance of differences between indices and characteristics.Results. The personal growth index is 4.89 ± 0.818, the work ability index is 33.60 ± 4.564 points. Respondents aged 41-50 have significantly (p < 0.001) lower indices. There was no significant difference between the index of personal growth and the index of ability to work in respondents of different sexes (р = 0.864 and р = 0.951), those who worked in inpatient and outpatient settings (р = 0.834 and р = 0.848); those who worked in the «red zone» (р = 0.727 and р = 0.775), respondents with a qualification category (р = 0.543 and р = 0.404), with an academic degree (р = 0.871 and р = 0.898), with the second highest education (р = 0.443 and р = 0.588). There is an average direct correlation of personal growth indices and perceived ability to work (r = 0.6; p < 0.001).Conclusion. The relationship between personal growth indices and perceived ability to work, significantly lower indices in the group of 41-50 years and over 60 years must be taken into account to ensure the professional development of department heads.
Equipamentos de Proteção Individual: disponibilidade/uso nos serviços públicos odontológicos do Paraná durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Avais Leticia Simeoni , Santos Joyce Clara Lago Pereira , Dias Kalinca Santos , Freitas André Gabriel , Ditterich Rafael Gomes , Vianna Giovana Daniela Pecharki , Silva-Junior Manoelito Ferreira , Baldani Márcia Helena
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a disponibilidade e o uso de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs), por profissionais de saúde bucal do sistema público de saúde do Paraná, durante a primeira onda da pandemia de COVID-19. Estudo transversal, realizado entre agosto e outubro de 2020, com utilização de questionário online enviado aos cirurgiões-dentistas, auxiliares e técnicos em saúde bucal por e-mail e divulgação em redes sociais. A amostra foi composta por 575 participantes, sendo 519 da atenção primária e 56 da secundária. Os profissionais tiveram acesso e utilizaram os EPIs para a prática odontológica, com maior frequência para os rotineiros (gorro, máscara cirúrgica, óculos de proteção e luvas de procedimento), e menor, para os recém incorporados (máscara N95/PFF2S e avental impermeável). Concluiu-se que, observadas as limitações impostas pela pandemia, os EPIs pautados nas diretrizes de prevenção e controle da COVID-19 estiveram disponíveis nos serviços públicos odontológicos do Paraná.
Faktor Perilaku dan Kegiatan Tamu Hotel dalam Pemakaian Air Hotel di Yogyakarta
Authors: Hananto Kombang
Published: November 2022

Scarcity of groundwater can cause conflicts between hoteliers and the surrounding community, because hotels use a lot of ground water. Researchers are interested in reviewing the use of groundwater in hotels, the results can be used as a reference for managing water use. This research was conducted in Yogyakarta by taking samples at two hotels, namely GIM and NSY , four-star standard hotels with 222 rooms and 206 rooms. The data comes from 210 respondents for the GIM hotel and 202 respondents for the NSY hotel, besides that it comes from interviews and questionnaires for hotel managers and staff. The findings on water use are that the average volume of water use per person per day for the NSY hotel is more (316 liters) than the GIM hotel (280 liters). There is a very strong correlation between shower/bathhub use and the total volume of water use r = 0.893 for the GIM hotel and r = 0.980 for the NSY hotel. There is a negative correlation between frequency and duration of shower use, which means that the more often you use the shower, the shorter the duration. Water use by gender, women use 61% more water than male guests 39% for GIM hotels while 64% women and 36% men for NSY hotels. This finding can be used as a reference for managing groundwater use through regulations so as not to cause conflict with the surrounding community and as part of realizing an environmentally friendly green economy.
Analisis Pemanfaatan Aplikasi TikTok dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM Sektor Kuliner di Kota Makassar
Authors: Afiah Nur , Hasan Muhammad , S Ratnah , Arisah Nur
Published: November 2022

Marketing is the most important part of a business. Marketing does not only look at the side of unique products, cheap and attractive prices, and product availability for consumers. During the current Covid-19 pandemic, where the digital era is increasingly advanced, it is necessary to carry out marketing activities, one of which is by utilizing social media such as TikTok. This study aims to determine the use of the TikTok application in increasing sales of the culinary sector SMEs in the city of Makassar. In this research, the method used is descriptive qualitative approach. This research is a field research. The data used from this research are primary and secondary data, with data collection techniques of observation, interviews and literature study. The result of this research is Media Promotion through TikTok is an effective promotional tool to increase sales.
Pembelajaran Online dalam Perspektif Teori Behavioristik
Authors: Aziz Akbar Nur , Rahmatullah Azam Syukur , Makrufi Anisa Dwi , Samsudin Muhammad
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this paper is to provide a view of behavioristic learning theory on the online learning process during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications of behaviorist learning theory on the online learning process. The method used is a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach. Sources of data obtained from books and journals through a search on Google Scholar. The results of this study indicate that the application of behaviorist theory in online learning is to shape student behavior in a non-face-to-face manner by providing stimulus and student reactions seen from changes in behavior. Even though it is carried out through a screen, the teacher can make habits that contain elements of skills in the learning process. There are advantages of behavioristic theory in online learning, namely teachers become observant of classroom conditions and situations, shape student behavior according to expectations, can replace stimuli if they are not suitable, and are suitable for use on students who are happy with practical lessons. In addition, behavioristic theory also has shortcomings in online learning, namely the teacher s lack of understanding of technology and inadequate internet access and online learning facilities. In addition, the drawback of behavioristic theory is that it makes students passive, and this theory does not see differences in the level of understanding of students even though they have the same ability due to the intelligence factor of students.
Strategi Guru dalam Pengembangan Logika Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Haloho Oktani
Published: November 2022

One type of intelligence that is very important and must be possessed by children is mathematical logic. This study aims to describe effective and efficient strategies that can be implemented by teachers in growing, stimulating and developing mathematical logic intelligence and logical thinking in early childhood at the Pembina Village Kindergarten in Pendahara Village. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study illustrate that the teacher s strategy in choosing children s learning methods is very important. The development of early childhood logic can be stimulated by learning activities by finding patterns and finding logistical relationships combined with appropriate and fun learning methods.
Tapal Batas Krisis Lingkungan Hidup Perspektif Materialisme Baru
Authors: Mahaswa Rangga Kala
Published: November 2022

New materialism initiates a reexamination of the body, agency, nature, objects, and everything materiality. Also, this article attempts to illustrate a general view of the environmental crisis based on the new materialism approach. The environmental crisis is very limited in the view of the metaphysical investigation. At the same time, so the proposal of a new materialism agency-structure configuration provides a broad understanding of the environmental crisis. The materiality of the world is not passively comprehended but instead lives and sustains itself, including the crisis itself. Its implication of shifting subject s decentralization goes beyond the limitation of the definition of subject and object, and goes further for the possibility of a new understanding of ecological crisis. Since this introspection and self-adaptation of multiple political decisions in an irreducibly pluriversal a world of many worlds  are considered the actual, authentic, and with unblocking constraints touch the relation between human and non-human in the materiality of the more-than-human world.
Estimation and Equalization of Fiber-Wireless Uplink for Multiuser CDMA 4G Networks
Authors: Pinter Stephen Z. , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

Fiber-wireless (Fi-Wi) access fronts can support 100s of Mb/s envisioned by 4G networks. However, a major issue associated with Fi-Wi links is the nonlinear distortion of the radio-over-ﬁber (ROF) link coupled with the multipath dispersion of the wireless channel. Estimation and subsequent equalization of the concatenated ﬁber-wireless channel needs to be done, especially at high bit rates. The uplink is severely affected due to large ﬂuctuations in the radio signal. This paper proposes an estimation and subsequent equalization algorithm for the Fi-Wi CDMA uplink. The estimation employs the properties of pseudo noise (PN) sequences and the equalization uses a novel Hammerstein type decision feedback equalizer (HDFE). The estimation and equalization are performed in the presence of multiple access interference (MAI) and wireless and optical channel noise. The cumulative effects of multiuser interference, multipath dispersion, nonlinear distortion, and noise are all considered in our analysis. Correlation properties of white-noise like PN sequences enable decoupling of the linear (wireless) and nonlinear (optical) channel portions. Furthermore, we propose a unique algorithm to mitigate MAI. Numerical evaluations show a good estimation and equalization of both the linear and nonlinear channels. Bit error rate (BER) simulations show that this algorithm leaves only small residual MAI.
Multi-Vehicle Tracking With Road Maps and Car-Following Models
Authors: Song Dan , Tharmarasa Ratnasingham , Kirubarajan Thiagalingam , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

Multi-vehicle tracking is crucial in many applications, such as trafﬁc surveillance, intelligent transportation systems, and advanced driver assistance systems. Most conventional multi-target tracking algorithms are not ideal for multi-vehicle tracking, since they assume that the targets move independently of one another. However, due to trafﬁc volume and limited lane resources, vehicles have to interact with their neighbors, resulting in highly dependent motions. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a novel multi-vehicle tracking algorithm for the single-lane case that considers motion dependence across vehicles by integrating the car-following model (CFM) into the tracking process with on-road constraints. A new CFM-based motion model that describes the dependent motion of vehicles in the single-lane case is proposed, and the notion of car-following clusters is deﬁned. In order to exploit all available information in sensor measurements, the proposed algorithm updates the state estimates of car-following clusters by utilizing a stacked-update strategy. Furthermore, the variable structure interacting multiple model estimator is modiﬁed and integrated into the proposed algorithm to handle maneuvers that may violate the CFM. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed multi-vehicle tracking algorithm over other state-of-the-art multi-vehicle tracking algorithms. 
Adaptive Asymmetric Linearization of Radio Over Fiber Links for Wireless Access
Authors: Fernando Xavier , Sesay Abu B.
Published: November 2022

The biggest concern in the use of radio-over-fiber (ROF) links in wireless access is their limited dynamic range due to nonlinear distortion (NLD). In this paper, a higher order adaptive filter based nonlinearity compensation scheme is proposed. Pre-compensation is done for the downlink while post-compensation is done for the uplink to result in asymmetry with respect to complexity. Thiscentralized signal processing is attractivein thatit keeps the remote unit simple. Accurate measurements of ROF link parameters are not required with this approach because the filters are adapted from the distortion of the input/output base band signal. This technique also facilitates fast tracking of modifications and drifts in the link characteristics. Measurements and simulation results show that gradually saturating amplitude nonlinearity can be adequately linearized with some backoff from the clipping limit. A 42% backoff is required for pre-compensation to protect the laser while only a 16.7% backoff is required for post-compensation. Phase pre-compensation is accomplished with a higher accuracy than phase post-compensation.
A Question of Scarcity: Spectrum and Canada's Urban Core
Authors: Taylor Gregory , Middleton Catherine A. , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

This article uses a case study of urban Canada to explore the contentious issue of spectrum scarcity. Drawing upon infrastructure studies, this article argues for more critical approaches to this essential element of contemporary communications. The first part of the article explores positions of various actors in the antagonistic debate regarding spectrum scarcity in the lead up to the Canadian 700 MHz spectrum auction, held in 2014. The second part of the article provides unique empirical data for spectrum traffic on licensed frequencies in a busy urban location. The article reaches an unanticipated conclusion that demonstrates 

 shortcomings in current allocation methods. 
Concatenated fibre-wireless channel identification in a multiuser CDMA environment
Authors: Pinter Stephen Z. , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

Radio-over-fibre (ROF) has received increasing attention for its ability to enable broadband wireless access. This fibre-based wireless access scheme meets the demand for broadband service by integrating the high capacity of optical networks with the flexibility of radio networks (the optical and wireless channels are concatenated with one another). There are, however, impairments that come with this appealing technology. The nonlinear distortion of the optical link and the multipath dispersion of the wireless channel are two of the major factors. In order to limit the effects of these distortions, estimation, and subsequently equalisation, of the concatenated fibre- wireless channel needs to be done. An estimation algorithm for the fibre-wireless uplink in a multiuser code division multiple access (CDMA) environment is presented using pseudonoise training sequences. It has already been shown by Fernando et al. (2001) that identification of the fibre- wireless uplink is possible in a single user CDMA environment. However, the more difficult task of identification in a multiuser spread spectrum environment, which is more realistic, is shown. In the multiuser case, the cumulative effect of multiuser interference, multipath dispersion, nonlinear distortion and noise should all be handled together which makes it more challenging. Numerical evaluations of the developed algorithm show that a good estimation of both the linear and nonlinear systems is possible in the presence of 16 independent users and an signal- to-noise ratio (SNR) of 22 dB. The estimation accuracy increases with the length of the PN sequence.
Multiantenna Spectrum Sensing Over Correlated Nakagami-m Channels With MRC and EGC Diversity Receptions
Authors: Al-Juboori Salam , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

Increasing number of antennas are closely packed in emerging multiantenna systems and correlation among them can no longer be ignored. In this paper, such a multiantenna spectrum sensing system is investigated considering dual, triple, four and up to infinite number of correlated antenna branches. Constant, arbitrary and exponential correlation among the antenna branches are considered. Closed form expressions for the detection probability, in terms of the confluent hypergeometric function, is derived assuming maximal ratio combining (MRC) and equal gain combining (EGC) diversity techniques in Nakagami-m multipath fading channel. Numerical results quantify the interbranch correlation that impacts the detector performance significantly. However, results also show that this effect could be compensated by employing the appropriate diversity combining technique and by increasing the diversity branches. Furthermore, we find that at high m values (Rician like channel), low false alarm probability and highly correlated environments, EGC which is a simpler scheme performs as good as MRC which is a more complex scheme.

 
Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning-Empowered Channel Allocation in Vehicular Networks
Authors: Kumar Anitha Saravana , Zhao Lian , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

 

Channel allocation has a direct and profound impact on the performance of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. Considering the dynamic nature of vehicular environments, it is appealing to devise a blended strategy to perform effective resource sharing. In this paper, we exploit deep learning techniques predict vehicles' mobility patterns. Then we propose an architecture consisting of centralized decision making and distributed channel allocation to maximize the spectrum efficiency of all vehicles involved. To achieve this, we leverage two deep reinforcement learning techniques, namely deep Q-network (DQN) and advantage actor-critic (A2C) techniques. In addition, given the time varying nature of the user mobility, we further incorporate the long short-term memory (LSTM) into DQN and A2C techniques. The combined system tracks user mobility, varying demands and channel conditions and adapt resource allocation dynamically. We verify the performance of the proposed methods through extensive simulations and prove the effectiveness of the proposed LSTM-DQN and LSTM-A2C algorithms using real data obtained from California state transportation department.

 
Interference Mitigation and Dynamic User Association for Load Balancing in Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Hassan Noha , Fernando Xavier
Published: November 2022

Viewing the communication system as three-dimensional (3-D) with various tiers cooperating among each other is a new trend to present 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets). Base stations (BS) in each tier operate with different power levels, access methods, and unique topologies. A proper user (UE) association algorithm for HetNets is a great challenge. We develop a new real-time dynamic user (UE) association algorithm for multitier cooperating systems that considers users' mobility and traffic dynamics considering both overall network load and received signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR). Despite that our proposed UE association algorithm does not depend on an interference mitigation algorithm to improve its performance, we develop a location-based interference mitigation algorithm to mitigate co-tier and cross-tier interferences in the worst case scenario of spectrum sharing among various tier BSs to overcome some of the drawbacks of spectrum partitioning algorithms. Our new algorithms are studied and analyzed through simulation and they are proved to provide the best performance compared to other algorithms.

 
Canadian Children and Race: Toward an Antiracism Analysis
Authors: Escayg Kerry-Ann , Berman Rachel , Royer Natalie
Published: November 2022

     

Psychological research on Canadian children and race has shown that young White and racialized children generally have a pro-White bias. While scholars have utilized developmental or social psychological explanations for this finding, none have used an antiracism lens to interpret children’s racial attitudes or to develop an antiracism pedagogy. To address this research gap, this article uses antiracism theory as an analytical tool to explore the social-historical processes that have affected how children evaluate racial differences and White identity. It also briefly proposes antiracism teaching practices specific to early childhood education settings. 
A Special Issue on the Sociology of Childhood and Youth in Canada
Authors: Adorjan Michael , Berman Rachel
Published: November 2022

[First paragraph]: "Former CSA President Dr. Patrizia Albanese (2009) observed ten years ago that sociology in Canada has been relatively and comparatively slow to jump to action when it comes to its own distinct contributions to childhood studies... Canadian sociology has seemingly ‘given up’ children as social subjects, worthy of study in their own right, to developmental psychologists, instead focusing on socialization and the inter- generational transmission of culture and roles. For the most part, Canadian sociologists treat children as objects that are being acted upon by parents and society. In mainstream Canadian sociology, children remain undefined, a homogenous lump to be sculpted and acted upon, either virtually invisible or in need of protection (2009: 138)."
Operationalizing values to create communities of care
Authors: Kaye Elaine , Wilson Nicole
Published: November 2022

In this column, two instructional designers (housed in an academic Library) reflect on their journey to operationalize care grounded in the tenets of instructional design, critical digital pedagogy, and open pedagogy. They provide concrete and actionable ways to implement these strategies in this present moment to create meetings, spaces, projects, curriculum and more to change the status quo while challenging and encouraging readers to do the next right thing where they currently are!
Analisis Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Dana Alokasi Umum, dan Dana Alokasi Khusus terhadap Belanja Modal Pada Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jawa Timur 2019-2021
Authors: Agustin Dian Tri , Budiwitjaksono Gideon Setyo
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Regional Original Income, General Allocation Funds, and Special Allocation Funds on Capital Expenditures of the Regency/City Government of East Java Province 2019-2021. This research data uses secondary data obtained through the official website of the Ministry of Finance DJPK. The sample selection technique used in this study was purposive sampling. The number of samples in this study was 102 samples. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, Regional Original Income and General Allocation Funds have an effect on Capital Expenditures. Meanwhile, the Special Allocation Fund has no effect on Capital Expenditures.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kiriman Gagal Antar Pada PT. Pos Indonesia Drop Center Soreang Kabupaten Bandung Jawa Barat
Authors: Dewi Allysha Maharani , Sudrartono Tiris
Published: November 2022

This research purposely to know the factors that affect the failed shipments at PT. Pos Indonesia Drop Center Soreang Bandung Regency, West Java. This research used Quantitative Descriptive Methode with explanation data using Check Sheet, Pareto Chart and Fishbone Diagram. The sample used delivery data from Juli-September 2021. The Result of the analysis show that the main cause of failed shipment at PT. Pos Indonesia Drop Center Soreang Bandung Regency, West Java is an Unclear/Uncomplete Address followed by seven factors such as Unknown Address, Recipient Moved, Rejected by Recipient, Empty House, Clogged Address, Recipient Died and Cause of Force Majeure. To minimize this factors, PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) provides standards and target for failed shipments. It was found that the average rate of failed shipment during the research was 5,7%. This research show that the company has not reached the maximum target for failed shipments which is 3%. As for suggestions for companies to minimize the causes of failed shipments by increasing supervision of writing addresses in accordance with applicable SOP (Standar Operating Procedures) and always re-checking when sending letters or goods.
Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pembelian Impulsif pada Pengguna Aplikasi Tiktokshop
Authors: Nuryani Sri , Pattiwael Willem Paul , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the factors that influence impulse buying on Tiktok Shop users. The independent variables in this study are Sales Promotion (X1), Positive Emotions (X2), Motivation (X3) and Price Perception (X4). The population in this study are all Tiktok Shop users who live in Dago, Bandung. The research sample amounted to 240 and the sampling technique used purposive sampling. In addition, this research is a quantitative correlation with data analysis using multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the variables of Sales Promotion (X1), Positive Emotions (X2), Motivation (X3) and Price Perception (X4) had a positive and significant effect on Impulsive Purchases (Y) either partially or simultaneously.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Purchase Intention Produk Skincare Dengan Mediasi Trust pada Kalangan Generasi Z di Kota Batam
Authors: Victoria Marcelina , Purwianti Lily
Published: November 2022

The author conducted this study with the aim to identify and analyze the factors that influence the purchase intention of skin care products through e-commerce. In this case, the author chose Generation Z in Batam City, aged 8 to 23, as the study's subject since they are familiar with local skin care goods and intend to purchase them via e-commerce.The independent variables used in this research are social influence, reputation, price value, familiarity and information quality. The intervention variable used is trust and the dependent variable used is purchase intention. This study applies an explanatory method with a quantitative approach in data collection. The technique used by the author is the purposive sampling technique. The data in this study was analyzed using smart PLS. According to the findings of this study, a company's reputation, familiarity, and credible information are all key factors in increasing a customer's trust in purchasing a product. The better the reputation and the quality of information offered through e-commerce, the higher the level of consumer trust in the company and the higher the level of consumer familiarity with the company’s product and with the e-commerce used by the company in the transactions process. This will result in the better lever of consumer’s trust in the business. If this trust is established, the customer will be more likely to make a purchase.
Pengaruh Persepsi Pelayanan, Manfaat dan Lokasi terhadap Keputusan Mustahik Memilih Rumah Sehat BAZNAS di Indonesia: Pengetahuan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Abidin Maulana , Haryono Slamet
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine how the effect of service perception, benefits and location on mustahik's decision to choose a BAZNAS Healthy Home in Indonesia, for research methods using quantitative methods with field research and Multiple Linear Regression analysis tools, the source of data in this study is BAZNAS Healthy House mustahik. in Indonesia, as well as a tool to determine respondents using the Slovin formula as many as 100 respondents. The results of this study with the Simultaneous test have a positive impact of 46% on the decision to choose a BAZNAS Healthy Home in Indonesia which is influenced by other exogenous variables that are not used in this study, then knowledge of service perception on mustahik's decision to choose a BAZNAS Healthy Home in Indonesia with a Path Coefficient Value is 0.097 and P-Values 0.160 means 0.160 > 0.05 means Rejected, knowledge moderates the perception of benefits on the mustahik decision to choose a BAZNAS Healthy Home in Indonesia with a Path Coefficient Value of 0.330 and a P-Values value of 0.001, it means 0.001 < 0.05, accepted, and knowledge of location perception of mustahik's decision to choose a BAZNAS Healthy Home in Indonesia with a Path Coefficient Value of -0.229 and a P-Values value of 0.008, meaning 0.008 < 0.05 accepted.
Pengaruh Penilaian Produk, Promosi dan Layanan COD (Bayar di Tempat) Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Marketplace Shopee di Sidoarjo
Authors: Mayangsari Mayangsari , Aminah Siti
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of product rating, promotion, and COD (cash on delivery) service on purchasing decisions at the Shopee marketplace in Sidoarjo. Respondents in this study are consumers who have shopped at the Shopee marketplace who are domiciled in Sidoarjo, with a sample of 80 people. Sampling in this study using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The data pocessing used PLS (Partial Least Square) with the help of the SmartPLS 3.0 application. Based on the test, the result and conclusions were found that product rating, promotion, and COD service have a positive and significant effect on purchase decision at the Shopee marketplace in Sidoarjo.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pengangguran Terdidik Lulusan Universitas di Indonesia Tahun 2005-2021
Authors: Pratama Farid Wahyu , Setyowati Eni
Published: November 2022

Educated unemployment is someone who has completed his education but has not found a job. The number of educated unemployed in Indonesia fluctuates from year to year, many factors influence it. This study aims to determine the effect of each independent variable, namely economic growth, inflation, investment and population growth rate on the dependent variable, namely educated unemployed university graduates in Indonesia. The data used in this study is quantitative secondary data with a time series in 2005-2021 obtained from the (BPS), NSWI and Bank Indonesia. The analytical tool used is OLS (Ordinary Least Square) analysis. The results of the effect validity test (t test) show that the independent variables that have an influence on the open unemployment rate for university graduates in Indonesia in 2005-2021 are Inflation and Population Growth. Meanwhile, the variables of economic growth and investment have no effect on the open unemployment rate for university graduates in Indonesia in 2005-2021.