bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Topological single-photon emission from quantum emitter chains
Authors: Wang Yubin , Xu Huawen , Deng Xinyi , Liew Timothy C. H. , Ghosh Sanjib , Xiong Qihua
Published: January 2024

We propose a scheme for generating highly indistinguishable single photons from an active quantum Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chain composed of a collection of noisy quantum emitters. Strikingly, the single photon emission spectrum of the active quantum chain is exceedingly narrow relative to that of a single emitter or a topologically trivial chain. Furthermore, this effect is amplified dramatically in proximity to the non-trivial-to-trivial phase transition point. Exploiting this effect, we demonstrate that the single-photon linewidth of a long topological quantum chain can be arbitrarily reduced, rendering it an ideal source of indistinguishable single photons. Finally, by analyzing the most critical parameters concerning experimental realization and providing a microscopic and quantitative analysis of our model, we take concrete examples of actual quantum emitters to establish the viability of our proposal.
In vivo assembly of epitope-coated biopolymer particles that induce anti-tumor responses
Authors: Jenika Devi , Pounraj Saranya , Wibowo David , Flaxl Leonhard M. , Rehm Bernd H. A. , Mintern Justine D.
Published: January 2024

There is an unmet need for antigen delivery systems that elicit efficient T cell priming to prevent infectious diseases or for treatment of cancers. Here, we explored the immunogenic potential of biologically assembled biopolymer particles (BPs) that have been bioengineered to display the antigenic MHC I and MHC II epitopes of model antigen ovalbumin (OVA). Purified dendritic cells (DCs) captured BP-OVA and presented the associated antigenic epitopes to CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells. Vaccination with BP-OVA in the absence of adjuvant elicited antigen presentation to OVA-specific CD8+and CD4+T cells and cross-primed effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) killers. BP-OVA induction of CTL killing did not require CD4+T cell help, with active CTLs generated in BP-OVA vaccinatedI-Ab−/−andCD40−/−mice. In contrast, IL-15 and type I IFN were required, with abrogated CTL activity in vaccinatedIL-15−/−andIFNAR1−/−mice. cDC1 and/or CD103+DCs were not essential for BP-OVA specific CTL with immunization eliciting responses inBatf3−/−mice. Poly I:C, but not LPS or CpG, co-administered as an adjuvant with BP-OVA boosted CTL responses. Finally, vaccination with BP-OVA protected against B16-OVA melanoma and Eμ-myc-GFP-OVA lymphoma inoculation. In summary, we have demonstrated that epitope-displaying BPs represent an antigen delivery platform exhibiting a unique mechanism to effectively engage T cell immune responses.
The hagfish genome and the evolution of vertebrates
Authors: Marlétaz Ferdinand , Timoshevskaya Nataliya , Timoshevskiy Vladimir A. , Parey Elise , Simakov Oleg , Gavriouchkina Daria , Suzuki Masakazu , Kubokawa Kaoru , Brenner Sydney , Smith Jeramiah J. , Rokhsar Daniel S.
Published: January 2024

As the only surviving lineages of jawless fishes, hagfishes and lampreys provide a crucial window into early vertebrate evolution1–3. Here we investigate the complex history, timing and functional role of genome-wide duplications4–7 and programmed DNA elimination8,9 in vertebrates in the light of a chromosome-scale genome sequence for the brown hagfish Eptatretus atami. Combining evidence from syntenic and phylogenetic analyses, we establish a comprehensive picture of vertebrate genome evolution, including an auto-tetraploidization (1RV) that predates the early Cambrian cyclostome–gnathostome split, followed by a mid–late Cambrian allo-tetraploidization (2RJV) in gnathostomes and a prolonged Cambrian–Ordovician hexaploidization (2RCY) in cyclostomes. Subsequently, hagfishes underwent extensive genomic changes, with chromosomal fusions accompanied by the loss of genes that are essential for organ systems (for example, genes involved in the development of eyes and in the proliferation of osteoclasts); these changes account, in part, for the simplification of the hagfish body plan1,2. Finally, we characterize programmed DNA elimination in hagfish, identifying protein-coding genes and repetitive elements that are deleted from somatic cell lineages during early development. The elimination of these germline-specific genes provides a mechanism for resolving genetic conflict between soma and germline by repressing germline and pluripotency functions, paralleling findings in lampreys10,11. Reconstruction of the early genomic history of vertebrates provides a framework for further investigations of the evolution of cyclostomes and jawed vertebrates.
Quantum computing dataset of maximum independent set problem on king lattice of over hundred Rydberg atoms
Authors: Kim Kangheun , Kim Minhyuk , Park Juyoung , Byun Andrew , Ahn Jaewook
Published: January 2024

Finding the maximum independent set (MIS) of a large-size graph is a nondeterministic polynomial-time (NP)-complete problem not efficiently solvable with classical computations. Here, we present a set of quantum adiabatic computing data of Rydberg-atom experiments performed to solve the MIS problem of up to 141 atoms randomly arranged on the king lattice. A total of 582,916 events of Rydberg-atom measurements are collected for experimental MIS solutions of 733,853 different graphs. We provide the raw image data along with the entire binary determinations of the measured many-body ground states and the classified graph data, to offer bench-mark testing and advanced data-driven analyses for validation of the performance and system improvements of the Rydberg-atom approach.
A Time-of-Flight and Radar Dataset of a neonatal Thorax Simulator with synchronized Reference Sensor Signals for respiratory Rate Detection
Authors: Gleichauf Johanna , Herrmann Sven , Niebler Christine , Koelpin Alexander
Published: January 2024

In this paper we present an open-source Time-of-Flight and radar dataset of a neonatal thorax simulator for the development of respiratory rate detection algorithms. As it is very difficult to gain recordings of (preterm) neonates and there is hardly any open-source data available, we built our own neonatal thorax simulator which simulates the movement of the thorax due to respiration. We recorded Time-of-Flight (ToF) and radar data at different respiratory rates in a range of 5 to 80 breaths per minute (BPM) and with varying upstroke heights. As gold standard a laser micrometer was used. The open-source data can be used to test new algorithms for non-contact respiratory rate detection.
Australian atmospheric pressure and sea level data during the 2022 Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai volcano tsunami
Authors: Davies Gareth , Wilson Kaya , Hague Ben , Greenslade Diana , Metters Daryl , Boswood Paul , Maddox Sam , Dakin Sarah-Kate , Palmer Karen , Galton-Fenzi Ben , French John , Kain Claire
Published: January 2024

On January 15, 2022, an ongoing eruption at the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha’apai volcano generated a large explosion which resulted in a globally observed tsunami and atmospheric pressure wave. This paper presents time series observations of the event from Australia including 503 mean sea level pressure (MSLP) sensors and 103 tide gauges. Data is provided in its original format, which varies between data providers, and a post-processed format with consistent file structure and time zone. High-pass filtered variants of the data are also provided to facilitate study of the pressure wave and tsunami. For a minority of tide gauges the raw sea level data cannot be provided, due to licence restrictions, but high-pass filtered data is always provided. The data provides an important historical record of the volcanic pressure wave and tsunami in Australia. It will be useful for research on atmospheric and ocean waves associated with large volcanic eruptions.
Brain flexibility increases during the peri-ovulatory phase as compared to early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle
Authors: Liparoti Marianna , Cipriano Lorenzo , Troisi Lopez Emahnuel , Polverino Arianna , Minino Roberta , Sarno Laura , Sorrentino Giuseppe , Lucidi Fabio , Sorrentino Pierpaolo
Published: January 2024

The brain operates in a flexible dynamic regime, generating complex patterns of activity (i.e. neuronal avalanches). This study aimed at describing how brain dynamics change according to menstrual cycle (MC) phases. Brain activation patterns were estimated from resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) scans, acquired from women at early follicular (T1), peri-ovulatory (T2) and mid-luteal (T3) phases of the MC. We investigated the functional repertoire (number of brain configurations based on fast high-amplitude bursts of the brain signals) and the region-specific influence on large-scale dynamics across the MC. Finally, we assessed the relationship between sex hormones and changes in brain dynamics. A significantly larger number of visited configurations in T2 as compared to T1 was specifically observed in the beta frequency band. No relationship between changes in brain dynamics and sex hormones was evident. Finally, we showed that the left posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula were recruited more often in the functional repertoire during T2 as compared to T1, while the right pallidum was more often part of the functional repertoires during T1 as compared to T2. In summary, we showed hormone-independent increased flexibility of the brain dynamics during the ovulatory phase. Moreover, we demonstrated that several specific brain regions play a key role in determining this change.
Exploring quantitative measures in metacognition of emotion
Authors: Lee Hsing-Hao , Liu Gabrielle Kaili-May , Chen Yi-Chuan , Yeh Su-Ling
Published: January 2024

Metacognition of emotion (meta-emotion) refers to the ability to evaluate and identify one’s emotional feelings. No previous study has defined and measured this construct through objective and quantitative procedures. We established a reliable method to measure meta-emotion. With a two-interval forced-choice procedure, participants selected which of two pictures elicited stronger positive emotion; via the Law of Comparative Judgment, their responses were used to compute individual psychological distances for the emotional responses triggered by the pictures. Then, participants were asked to judge whether a pre-exposed picture induced a stronger positive emotion than the median of that elicited by the whole picture set, followed by a confidence rating. By utilizing each individual’s psychological distance, the correctness of a participant’s emotional experience was quantified by dʹ, and meta-emotion was quantified using meta-dʹ, M-ratio, and M-diff as indices of metacognitive sensitivity and efficiency based on Signal-Detection Theory. Test–retest reliabilities, validated by Spearman correlation, were observed in meta-dʹ, M-ratio, and marginally with M-diff, suggesting the stability of meta-emotion in the current design. This study unveils a validated procedure to quantify meta-emotion, extendable for assessing metacognition of other subjective feelings. Nevertheless, caution is warranted in interpretation, as the measured processes may be influenced by non-metacognitive factors.
Hyperoxia prevents the dynamic neonatal increases in lung mesenchymal cell diversity
Authors: Zanini Fabio , Che Xibing , Suresh Nina E. , Knutsen Carsten , Klavina Paula , Xie Yike , Domingo-Gonzalez Racquel , Liu Min , Kum Alexander , Jones Robert C. , Quake Stephen R. , Alvira Cristina M. , Cornfield David N.
Published: January 2024

Rapid expansion of the pulmonary microvasculature through angiogenesis drives alveolarization, the final stage of lung development that occurs postnatally and dramatically increases lung gas-exchange surface area. Disruption of pulmonary angiogenesis induces long-term structural and physiologic lung abnormalities, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a disease characterized by compromised alveolarization. Although endothelial cells are primary determinants of pulmonary angiogenesis, mesenchymal cells (MC) play a critical and dual role in angiogenesis and alveolarization. Therefore, we performed single cell transcriptomics and in-situ imaging of the developing lung to profile mesenchymal cells during alveolarization and in the context of lung injury. Specific mesenchymal cell subtypes were present at birth with increasing diversity during alveolarization even while expressing a distinct transcriptomic profile from more mature correlates. Hyperoxia arrested the transcriptomic progression of the MC, revealed differential cell subtype vulnerability with pericytes and myofibroblasts most affected, altered cell to cell communication, and led to the emergence of Acta1 expressing cells. These insights hold the promise of targeted treatment for neonatal lung disease, which remains a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality across the world.
On computational models of theory of mind and the imitative reinforcement learning in spiking neural networks
Authors: Gorgan Mohammadi Ashena , Ganjtabesh Mohammad
Published: January 2024

Theory of Mind is referred to the ability of inferring other’s mental states, and it plays a crucial role in social cognition and learning. Biological evidences indicate that complex circuits are involved in this ability, including the mirror neuron system. The mirror neuron system influences imitation abilities and action understanding, leading to learn through observing others. To simulate this imitative learning behavior, a Theory-of-Mind-based Imitative Reinforcement Learning (ToM-based ImRL) framework is proposed. Employing the bio-inspired spiking neural networks and the mechanisms of the mirror neuron system, ToM-based ImRL is a bio-inspired computational model which enables an agent to effectively learn how to act in an interactive environment through observing an expert, inferring its goals, and imitating its behaviors. The aim of this paper is to review some computational attempts in modeling ToM and to explain the proposed ToM-based ImRL framework which is tested in the environment of River Raid game from Atari 2600 series.
Investigation and analysis of maker education curriculum from the perspective of artificial intelligence
Authors: Ou Qizhong , Chen Xinglin
Published: January 2024

As an education model that focuses on the cultivation of students’ creativity and practical ability, the integration of maker education and the development of artificial intelligence is of great significance. In order to analyze and study the application effect of artificial intelligence in maker education, based on this, this study adopts the method of questionnaire and case analysis to investigate and analyze students from three dimensions: learning experience, learning attitude and learning emotion, learning effect and transfer. The survey results show that, on the whole, the integration of artificial intelligence technology into maker education can significantly improve students’ learning feelings and attitudes, and enhance the enthusiasm of learning emotions. The research also finds that it has a positive impact on students’ learning effect and transfer ability. Learning experience, learning attitude and learning emotion, learning effect and learning transfer are related to gender, teaching time, teaching subjects or majors. Therefore, the article will suggest creating a maker cultural atmosphere, creating a maker resource space, and improving the maker education system. This provides a valuable reference for further promoting the development of maker education courses in the field of artificial intelligence.
Sensitivity and quality factor improvement of photonic crystal sensors by geometrical optimization of waveguides and micro-ring resonators combination
Authors: Fallahi Vahid , Kordrostami Zoheir , Hosseini Mehdi
Published: January 2024

In this work, the process of designing and simulating optical sensors based on photonic crystal (PC) micro-ring resonators (MRRs) has been investigated. According to the PC type, different waveguides and resonators can be designed, and various topologies can be proposed from their combination, for optical sensor applications. Here, the investigated MRR is of the symmetrical micro-hexagonal ring resonator (MHRR) type. Different arrays of MHRR arrangement have been designed to investigate their effects on the output spectrum. The results of the design and simulation of different topologies have been analyzed and compared with other numerical researches. Considering all the necessary aspects of PC optical sensors, a detailed and comprehensive algorithm has been presented for designing these devices and choosing the optimal structure. In a more complementary process, the effects of reflector rods have been investigated, which indicates the existence of similarity and compatibility in the design between the distance of reflector rods and the length of MHRRs to obtain the optimal structure. Finally, the effect of different values of lattice constant and radius of dielectric rods on FWHM, transmission (TR) and resonant wavelength is studied, and the most optimal mode is presented. In order to measure the performance of the proposed optimal sensor, its application for gas detection has been analyzed. TR, FWHM, quality factor (QF), sensitivity (S) and figure of merit (FOM) of the proposed sensor were equal to 96%, 0.31 nm, 2636, 6451 nm/RIU and 2960 RIU−1 respectively. An examination of results from similar research indicates a rational and effective approach for generating diverse topologies, aiming to attain the most optimal configuration for optical sensors employing MRRs. Furthermore, employing a systematic design process based on established principles and the proposed algorithm helps prevent arbitrary parameter variations, facilitating the attainment of desired outcomes in a more streamlined and efficient manner. Given the comprehensive nature of this research, it presents a viable solution for designing optical devices based on MRRs for use in optical integrated circuits (OICs) applications.
Extreme fire weather in Chile driven by climate change and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
Authors: Cordero Raúl R. , Feron Sarah , Damiani Alessandro , Carrasco Jorge , Karas Cyrus , Wang Chenghao , Kraamwinkel Clarisse T. , Beaulieu Anne
Published: January 2024

A string of fierce fires broke out in Chile in the austral summer 2023, just six years after the record-breaking 2017 fire season. Favored by extreme weather conditions, fire activity has dramatically risen in recent years in this Andean country. A total of 1.7 million ha. burned during the last decade, tripling figures of the prior decade. Six of the seven most destructive fire seasons on record occurred since 2014. Here, we analyze the progression during the last two decades of the weather conditions associated with increased fire risk in Central Chile (30°–39° S). Fire weather conditions (including high temperatures, low humidity, dryness, and strong winds) increase the potential for wildfires, once ignited, to rapidly spread. We show that the concurrence of El Niño and climate-fueled droughts and heatwaves boost the local fire risk and have decisively contributed to the intense fire activity recently seen in Central Chile. Our results also suggest that the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean variability modulates the seasonal fire weather in the country, driving in turn the interannual fire activity. The signature of the warm anomalies in the Niño 1 + 2 region (0°–10° S, 90° W–80° W) is apparent on the burned area records seen in Central Chile in 2017 and 2023.
Application of multi-gene genetic programming to the prognosis prediction of COVID-19 using routine hematological variables
Authors: Niazkar Hamid Reza , Moshari Jalil , Khajavi Abdoljavad , Ghorbani Mohammad , Niazkar Majid , Negari Aida
Published: January 2024

Identifying patients who may develop severe COVID-19 has been of interest to clinical physicians since it facilitates personalized treatment and optimizes the allocation of medical resources. In this study, multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP), as an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) tool, was used to determine the importance of laboratory predictors in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. The present retrospective study was conducted on 1455 patients with COVID-19 (727 males and 728 females), who were admitted to Allameh Behlool Gonabadi Hospital, Gonabad, Iran in 2020–2021. For each patient, the demographic characteristics, common laboratory tests at the time of admission, duration of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were collected through the electronic information system of the hospital. Then, the data were normalized and randomly divided into training and test data. Furthermore, mathematical prediction models were developed by MGGP for each gender. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the significance of input parameters on the COVID-19 prognosis. Based on the achieved results, MGGP is able to predict the mortality of COVID-19 patients with an accuracy of 60–92%, the duration of hospital stay with an accuracy of 53–65%, and admission to the ICU with an accuracy of 76–91%, using common hematological tests at the time of admission. Also, sensitivity analysis indicated that blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) play key roles in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. AI techniques, such as MGGP, can be used in the triage and prognosis prediction of COVID-19 patients. In addition, due to the sensitivity of BUN and AST in the estimation models, further studies on the role of the mentioned parameters in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 are recommended.
Comparison between a deep-learning and a pixel-based approach for the automated quantification of HIV target cells in foreskin tissue
Authors: Shao Zhongtian , Buchanan Lane B. , Zuanazzi David , Khan Yazan N. , Khan Ali R. , Prodger Jessica L.
Published: January 2024

The availability of target cells expressing the HIV receptors CD4 and CCR5 in genital tissue is a critical determinant of HIV susceptibility during sexual transmission. Quantification of immune cells in genital tissue is therefore an important outcome for studies on HIV susceptibility and prevention. Immunofluorescence microscopy allows for precise visualization of immune cells in mucosal tissues; however, this technique is limited in clinical studies by the lack of an accurate, unbiased, high-throughput image analysis method. Current pixel-based thresholding methods for cell counting struggle in tissue regions with high cell density and autofluorescence, both of which are common features in genital tissue. We describe a deep-learning approach using the publicly available StarDist method to count cells in immunofluorescence microscopy images of foreskin stained for nuclei, CD3, CD4, and CCR5. The accuracy of the model was comparable to manual counting (gold standard) and surpassed the capability of a previously described pixel-based cell counting method. We show that the performance of our deep-learning model is robust in tissue regions with high cell density and high autofluorescence. Moreover, we show that this deep-learning analysis method is both easy to implement and to adapt for the identification of other cell types in genital mucosal tissue.
Creatinine-cystatin C ratio and death with a functioning graft in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Choi Mun Chae , Kim Deok Gie , Yim Seung Hyuk , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Hyoung Woo , Yang Jaeseok , Kim Beom Seok , Huh Kyu Ha , Kim Myoung Soo , Lee Juhan
Published: January 2024

Death with a functioning graft is important cause of graft loss after kidney transplantation. However, little is known about factors predicting death with a functioning graft among kidney transplant recipients. In this study, we evaluated the association between post-transplant creatinine-cystatin C ratio and death with a functioning graft in 1592 kidney transplant recipients. We divided the patients into tertiles based on sex-specific creatinine-cystatin C ratio. Among the 1592 recipients, 39.5% were female, and 86.1% underwent living-donor kidney transplantation. The cut-off value for the lowest creatinine-cystatin C ratio tertile was 0.86 in males and 0.73 in females. The lowest tertile had a significantly lower 5-year patient survival rate and was independently associated with death with a functioning graft (adjusted hazard ratio 2.574, 95% confidence interval 1.339–4.950, P < 0.001). Infection was the most common cause of death in the lowest tertile group, accounting for 62% of deaths. A low creatinine-cystatin C ratio was significantly associated with an increased risk of death with a functioning graft after kidney transplantation.
Contrasting latitudinal evolution of East Asian monsoonal precipitation during the Last Interglacial (130–120 ka)
Authors: Jiang Nanxuan , Yan Qing , Wang Huijun
Published: January 2024

Evolution of East Asian monsoonal precipitation across the Last Interglacial (LIG) remains controversial, owing to the discrepancies between various proxies and their low temporal resolution. Through a transient high-resolution global climate simulation covering the interval of 130–120 ka, we illustrate a long-term increasing (decreasing) trend in summer precipitation over south China (northeast Asia) during the LIG (i.e. 130–120 ka). The out-of-phase precipitation evolution across latitudes were coherently regulated by the weakened monsoonal circulation, southward moved western North Pacific high, and southward displaced East Asian westerly jet from the early to late LIG. These atmospheric circulation variations were in turn determined by sea surface temperature anomalies over the Pacific and the propagation of extratropical Rossby waves originating from North Africa. Our results may provide important insights for reconciling discrepancies between precipitation proxies during the LIG and for precipitation behavior in a warmer-than-present world.
An intriguing vision for transatlantic collaborative health data use and artificial intelligence development
Authors: Baumgart Daniel C.
Published: January 2024

Our traditional approach to diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, can no longer process and transform the enormous volume of information into therapeutic success, innovative discovery, and health economic performance. Precision health, i.e., the right treatment, for the right person, at the right time in the right place, is enabled through a learning health system, in which medicine and multidisciplinary science, economic viability, diverse culture, and empowered patient’s preferences are digitally integrated and conceptually aligned for continuous improvement and maintenance of health, wellbeing, and equity. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully evaluated in risk stratification, accurate diagnosis, and treatment allocation, and to prevent health disparities. There is one caveat though: dependable AI models need to be trained on population-representative, large and deep data sets by multidisciplinary and multinational teams to avoid developer, statistical and social bias. Such applications and models can neither be created nor validated with data at the country, let alone institutional level and require a new dimension of collaboration, a cultural change with the establishment of trust in a precompetitive space. The Data for Health (#DFH23) conference in Berlin and the Follow-Up Workshop at Harvard University in Boston hosted a representative group of stakeholders in society, academia, industry, and government. With the momentum #DFH23 created, the European Health Data Space (EHDS) as a solid and safe foundation for consented collaborative health data use and the G7 Hiroshima AI process in place, we call on citizens and their governments to fully support digital transformation of medicine, research and innovation including AI.
Paris targets within reach by aligning, broadening and strengthening net-zero pledges
Authors: Dafnomilis Ioannis , den Elzen Michel , van Vuuren Detlef
Published: January 2024

Many countries have recently announced the ambition to reach net-zero emissions targets. Here we explore the climate and energy transition impacts of the following strategies using the IMAGE integrated assessment model: 1) implementing the pledged 2030 targets and net-zero targets, 2) aligning the 2030 emission targets with the net-zero targets, 3) broadening the coalition of net-zero countries, and 4) strengthening the net-zero pledges by bringing them forward in time. The results illustrate that each step could accelerate the low-carbon transition by building on existing elements in international climate policy. Our study shows that the gap between a continuation of current emission trends and a Paris-aligned 1.5 °C target can be reduced by about 90% by 2100. This provides a pathway to bring the Paris Agreement climate goals within reach.
Help-seeking behaviours and experiences for mental health symptoms related to the menstrual cycle: a UK-wide exploratory survey
Authors: Funnell Erin L. , Martin-Key Nayra A. , Spadaro Benedetta , Bahn Sabine
Published: January 2024

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are menstrual cycle-related disorders characterised by psychological and physical symptoms which impact functioning. Little is known about avenues for help-seeking for these disorders. Therefore, we sought to examine help-seeking behaviours and experiences. An online survey was delivered and data from 530 participants whose mental health was affected by their menstrual cycle were analysed. All participants endorsed at least one premenstrual symptom, with 97.17% experiencing functional impairment. Help was sought by 64.91% (online: 29.81%; formal: 7.36%; online and formal: 27.74%), with 78.49% perceiving that their symptoms were not taken seriously when seeking formal help. Most sought help online to look up symptoms (85.57%) and treatment options (39.67%). The study revealed an association between premenstrual symptoms and mental wellbeing, as well as revealing a high prevalence of online help-seeking, emphasising the need for high-quality, evidence-based online resources and improvement of formal care provision.
Interferon induced circRNAs escape herpesvirus host shutoff and suppress lytic infection
Authors: Dremel Sarah E , Tagawa Takanobu , Koparde Vishal N , Hernandez-Perez Carmen , Arbuckle Jesse H , Kristie Thomas M , Krug Laurie T , Ziegelbauer Joseph M
Published: January 2024

To globally profile circRNAs, we employ RNA-Sequencing paired with chimeric junction analysis for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-herpesvirus infection. We find circRNAs are, as a population, resistant to host shutoff. We validate this observation using ectopic expression assays of human and murine herpesvirus endoribonucleases. During lytic infection, four circRNAs are commonly induced across all subfamilies of human herpesviruses, suggesting a shared mechanism of regulation. We test one such mechanism, namely how interferon-stimulation influences circRNA expression. 67 circRNAs are upregulated by either interferon-β or -γ treatment, with half of these also upregulated during lytic infection. Using gain and loss of function studies we find an interferon-stimulated circRNA, circRELL1, inhibits lytic Herpes Simplex Virus-1 infection. We previously reported circRELL1 inhibits lytic Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection, suggesting a pan-herpesvirus antiviral activity. We propose a two-pronged model in which interferon-stimulated genes may encode both mRNA and circRNA with antiviral activity. This is critical in cases of host shutoff, such as alpha- and gamma-herpesvirus infection, where the mRNA products are degraded but circRNAs escape.
Progress in methods for the detection of viable Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhuang Linlin , Gong Jiansen , Zhao Ying , Yang Jianbo , Liu Guofang , Zhao Bin , Song Chunlei , Zhang Yu , Shen Qiuping
Published: January 2024

This review described current methods for the detection of viable Escherichia coli, including culture-based methods, molecular approaches targeting DNA and RNA, bacteriophage-based methods, biosensors, and other emerging strategies.
Recent advances in biological molecule detection based on a three-dimensional graphene structure
Authors: Yin Shengyan , Yang Hanyu , Wu Yuyang , Wang Zhe , Yu Chenhao , Tang Ying , Wang Guangbin
Published: January 2024

This review summarizes the recent advances in three-dimensional graphene structures, including preparation methods and their detection application in the biomedical field.
Enzymatic isolation and microfluidic electrophoresis analysis of residual dsRNA impurities in mRNA vaccines and therapeutics
Authors: Coll De Peña Adriana , Vaduva Matei , Li Nina S. , Shah Shreyas , Ben Frej Menel , Tripathi Anubhav
Published: January 2024

The versatility, rapid development, and ease of production scalability of mRNA have placed them at the forefront of biopharmaceutical research. Here, we present an analytical method that can support their development and production optimization.
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction as a novel enrichment approach for compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of chlorinated phenols
Authors: Martin Philipp R. , Buchner Daniel , Jochmann Maik A. , Haderlein Stefan B.
Published: January 2024

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) is a promising approach to enrich (semi-)volatile organics from aqueous samples prior to compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) by gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS).
Engineering poly(ethylene glycol) particles for targeted drug delivery
Authors: Li Shiyao , Ma Yutian , Cui Jiwei , Caruso Frank , Ju Yi
Published: January 2024

Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) particles can be prepared using templating and self-assembly methods and endowed with stealth and targeting properties for targeted drug delivery.
Structural and thermodynamic characterization of allosteric transitions in human serum albumin with metadynamics simulations
Authors: Freire Thales Souza , Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Friedman Ran , Caracelli Ignez
Published: January 2024

Human serum albumin (HSA) is an allosteric protein that can change conformation state through low energy barriers, being the most prominent protein in blood plasma, responsible for the maintenance of blood viscosity and transport of endogenous and exogenous molecules.
Toward the search for new photosensitizers for DSSCs: theoretical study of both substituted Zn(ii) and Si(iv) phthalocyanines
Authors: Zambrano-Angulo Michael , Cárdenas-Jirón Gloria
Published: January 2024

Q bands calculated achieve 667 nm for ZnPcs and 769 nm for SiPcs, suggesting an essential role of the metal.
Improving the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes induced by ceramic nanowire fillers with abundant lithium vacancies
Authors: Ding Jianlong , Wang Wenqiang , Zhang Yifan , Mu Hongchun , Cai Xiaomin , Chang Zhengyu , Wang Gengchao
Published: January 2024

The TALLZO NWs, characterized by a high aspect ratio and abundant lithium vacancies, enhance the coupling interactions among the PEO chains, TALLZO NWs, and LiTFSI. This interaction leads to a significant increase in ionic conductivity and Li+ transfer number for CPE.
Azido-mediated intermolecular interactions of transition metal complexes
Authors: Velasquez Juan D. , Echeverría Jorge , Guerra Célia Fonseca , Alvarez Santiago
Published: January 2024

By means of a comprehensive structural and computational analysis, we explore herein the rich supramolecular chemistry between azido ligands in transition metal complexes.
Boron-based ternary MgTa2B6 cluster: a turning nanoclock with dynamic structural fluxionality
Authors: Liu Fang-Lin , Guo Jin-Chang , Zhai Hua-Jin
Published: January 2024

Boron-based MgTa2B6 cluster shows dynamic fluxionality akin to a nanoclock. Its inverse-sandwich Ta2B6 moiety serves as the dial with a vertical Ta2 axis. A radial Ta–Mg dimer represents the hand.
Dipole–multipole plasmonic coupling between gold nanorods and titanium nitride nanoparticles for enhanced photothermal conversion
Authors: Xi Min , Xu Chenyang , Zhong Li , Liu Cui , Li Nian , Zhang Shudong , Wang Zhenyang
Published: January 2024

Dipole–multipole plasmonic coupling outperforms dipole–dipole plasmonic coupling in the photothermal conversion process.
Metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions enabled by organic peroxides
Authors: Zhu Nengbo , Yao Huijie , Zhang Xiyu , Bao Hongli
Published: January 2024

This review summarizes the advances in metal-catalyzed asymmetric reactions enabled by organic peroxides that have been found to exhibit multifunctionalities, for instance, applied as stoichiometric reactants, stoichiometric reagents, or catalytic amount reagents.
Occurrence profiling, risk assessment, and correlations of antimicrobials in surface water and groundwater systems in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Bolujoko Nathaniel B. , Olorunnisola Damilare , Poudel Sonika , Omorogie Martins O. , Ogunlaja Olumuyiwa O. , Olorunnisola Chidinma G. , Adesina Morenike , Deguenon Esther , Dougnon Victorien , Alfred Moses O. , Ogunlaja Aemere , Olukanni Olumide D. , Msagati Titus A. M. , Unuabonah Emmanuel I.
Published: January 2024

In this study, nine PPCPs were widely detected in surface and groundwater. Ciprofloxacin and methylparaben were the most dominant antibiotic and paraben compounds, respectively, with ciprofloxacin posing a high health risk to all population groups.
Superhydrophobic nanosized metal–organic framework composites for the targeted removal of hydrophobic pharmaceuticals with outstanding bacterial anti-adhesion properties
Authors: Ghosh Subhrajyoti , Rana Abhijeet , Patel Anjali , Manna Debasis , Biswas Shyam
Published: January 2024

Superhydrophobic MOF coated reusable, inexpensive, handy sponge composites were utilized for selective, fast, and efficient capture of lethal hydrophobic drugs from environmental wastewater. The composites exhibited remarkable bacterial anti-adhesion.
Effect of ZnMgO2 nanoparticles used as a nanofertilizer: promoting the growth activities of rice seedlings
Authors: Mehmood Sajid , Kumar Niteesh , Mansoori Aadil , Mohan Madan , Kumar Anirudh , Ghorai Tanmay Kumar
Published: January 2024

Novel ZnMgO2 bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized using Cinchona succirubra leaf extract and used as a nano fertilizer, promoting the growth activities of rice seedlings, α-amylase and antioxidant activity with average particle sizes of 24.8 nm.
Unveiling chemical responses in the kombucha-based fermentation of black tea, banana flower, and grape juice: LC-ESIMS, GNPS, MS-DIAL, and MS-FINDER-assisted chemical characterization
Authors: de Oliveira Costa Geovanna , Mansur Pontes Carime L. , Parize Alexandre L. , Sandjo Louis P.
Published: January 2024

This work reports on the chemical changes of the time-dependent kombucha-based fermentation of three plants: banana inflorescence, black tea, and grape juice. It also presents the discrepancy caused by these chemical changes in the biological activity.
Causal relationships between dietary habits and Barrett's esophagus risk: a univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Junhai Zhen , Suqi Zeng , Beiying Deng , Zongbiao Tan , Chuan Liu , Yanrui Wu , Weiguo Dong
Published: January 2024

Identification of dietary habits in association with BE risk by MR analysis.
Rapid production of the anaesthetic mepivacaine through continuous, portable technology
Authors: Díaz-Kruik Pablo , Paradisi Francesca
Published: January 2024

Local anaesthetics such as mepivacaine are key molecules in the medical sector, so ensuring their supply chain is crucial for every health care system.
Design of highly robust super-liquid-repellent surfaces that can resist high-velocity impact of low-surface-tension liquids
Authors: Wang Yingke , Fan Yue , Liu Hongtao , Wang Shuai , Liu Lin , Dou Yingying , Huang Shilin , Li Juan , Tian Xuelin
Published: January 2024

A nanoscale doubly reentrant surface is prepared using colloidal lithography, which shows an extremely robust solid–liquid–gas composite interface and can maintain super repellency even upon high-velocity impact of low-surface-tension liquids.
Recent advances in micro-physiological systems for investigating tumor metastasis and organotropism
Authors: Yoon Heejeong , Sabaté del Río Jonathan , Cho Seung Woo , Park Tae-Eun
Published: January 2024

MPS technology holds great potential for studying complex metastasis organotropism. It effectively simulates the dynamic interactions between distinct organ environments and the tumor cells, capturing both their inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity.
Boron-imidazolate coordination networks with 3d transition metals for enhanced CO2 adsorption capability
Authors: Kato Takeshi , Akiyama Ikuho , Mori Fumika , Shinohara Ayumu , Ogura Yudai , Ito Akitaka , Ohtani Masataka
Published: January 2024

The synthesis conditions of sodalite (SOD)-topology coordination networks with boron-imidazolate frameworks containing various 3d transition metals were systematically investigated to control the crystal growth process and enhance their CO2 adsorption capability.
Distinguishing thermoelectric and photoelectric modes enables intelligent real-time detection of indoor electrical safety hazards
Authors: Li Gang , Chen Chengzhi , Liu Zijian , Sun Qi , Liang Lirong , Du Chunyu , Chen Guangming
Published: January 2024

Accurate identification and monitoring of indoor safety hazards can be achieved by integrating a photo-/thermoelectric material that exhibits different nominal Seebeck coefficients in the sensor.
Chemical diversity of Brittonodoxa subpinnata, a Brazilian native species of moss
Authors: Sala-Carvalho Wilton Ricardo , Peralta Denilson Fernandes , Furlan Cláudia Maria
Published: January 2024

Plants should be thought of as the most formidable chemical laboratory that can be exploited for the production of molecules with remarkable structural and chemical diversity that cannot be matched by any synthetic libraries of small molecules.
First-principles evaluation of transition metal dichalcogenide–graphene pairs functionalized with oxygen-containing groups for sodium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Choi Wonmyung , Hong Sung Jun , Jeong Hoejeong , Han Byungchan
Published: January 2024

Evaluation of the electrochemical performance of reduced graphene oxide and transition metal dichalcogenide complexes used as anodes in sodium-ion batteries, depending on the type of oxygen-functional group.
A temperature-sensitive HA-anchoring supramolecular nanocarrier for targeted delivery of the anti-liver cancer drug doxorubicin
Authors: Wang Hong-Xia , Li Bi-Lian , Yang Jian-Mei , He Jun-Nan , Wang Dan-Dan , Liu Xiao-Qing , Zhao Yan , Zhang Jin
Published: January 2024

The anti-liver cancer nanocarrier (AβCD/HA NC) was equipped with both HAase and temperature sensitivity, which could effectively and actively target specific cells, thus promising for targeted therapy of liver cancer cells.
Hybrid gels by combining low molecular weight glycolipid gelators with agarose: a promising soft material for efficient dye removal
Authors: Holey Snehal Ashokrao , Nayak Rati Ranjan
Published: January 2024

Designing hybrid gels by combining glycolipids and polysaccharides to achieve improved characteristics. These hydrogels can serveas a highly efficient medium for the removal of Congo red.
Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of halogenated tetranuclear cubane-like nickel(ii) complexes
Authors: Aryaeifar Mahnaz , Rudbari Hadi Amiri , Moreno-Pineda Eufemio , Cuevas-Vicario José V. , Paul Sagar , Schulze Michael , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Lloret Francisco , Moini Nakisa , Blacque Olivier
Published: January 2024

Four tetranuclear cubane-type complexes with general formula [Ni4(X,X′-L)4(μ3-OMe)4(MeOH)4 were synthesized to investigate the effects of halogen groups in salicylaldehyde ligand on the magnetic properties.
Enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction using a trimetallic organic framework as the catalyst under visible light
Authors: Li Chunxia , Yu Huimin , Guo Shaohong , Jia Jingchun , Chang Ying , Jia Meilin , Wang Jiang
Published: January 2024

After adding Co, the photocatalytic CO reduction activity of Fe0.02Ni0.10–Cox–PCN-250 (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mol) was significantly higher than that of Fe0.02Co0.10–PCN-250 and Fe0.02Co0.10–PCN-250.
Pre-lithiation strategy to design a high-performance zinc oxide anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Sun Wei , Li Zeyang , Li Dazhi , Gao Kesheng , Miao Zeqing , Han Ying , Guan Shengjing , Li Zhenjiang , Sun Changlong
Published: January 2024

The pre-lithiation strategy is applied to improve the lithium ion storage performance of ZnO anode. The successful lithium doping is confirmed. The relationship between doping amount and electrochemical performance is deeply investigated.
Ti3C2Tx MXene-based hybrid nanocoating for flame retardant, early fire-warning and piezoresistive tension sensing smart polyester fabrics
Authors: Guo Menghan , Wang Wenqing , Zhai Bin , Li Jingtao , Zhang Liran , Li Jingchun , Luo Kexin , Wang Rui
Published: January 2024

Construction of smart MXene-based PET fabrics with flame retardant, early fire-warning and piezoresistive tension sensing capabilities via layer-by-layer assembly.
Concise and collective total syntheses of 2,4-disubstituted furan-derived natural products from hydroxyoxetanyl ketones
Authors: Sahoo Shubhranshu Shekhar , Kataria Priyanka , Kontham Ravindar
Published: January 2024

A unified total synthesis of eight 2,4-disubstituted furan-derived natural products has been achieved through Bi(iii)-catalyzed cascade cycloisomerization of α-hydroxyoxetanyl ketones and hydrogen atom transfer-mediated oxidation of primary alcohols as pivotal transformations.
Synthesis of nano-sized SAPO-34 using a facile micron-meter seed processing method and their enhanced performance in methanol-to-olefin reactions
Authors: Wang Dehua , Mo Minghui , Xu Man , Xia Zhijun , Zhao Xuebin , Gao Beibei
Published: January 2024

Homologous and heterologous micron-meter SAPO molecular sieves are treated facilely with morpholine (MOR) within a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave and used as seeds to synthesize nano-sized SAPO-34.
Achieving ultra-trace analysis and multi-light driven photodegradation toward phenolic derivatives via a bifunctional catalyst derived from a Cu(i)-complex-modified polyoxometalate
Authors: Li Shuang , Wang Bingqian , Liu Guocheng , Li Xiaohui , Sun Chang , Zhang Zhong , Wang Xiuli
Published: January 2024

A polyoxometalate-based bifunctional catalyst was applied for the “nM” detection of phenolic derivatives, and exhibited good removal efficiencies under UV light, visible light, NIR light, full spectrum light, and sunlight irradiation to phenol.
Construction of S-scheme heterojunctions of a Ti-doped Ce-MOF and BiOCl for efficient photocatalytic selective oxidation of amines
Authors: Zhao Danxia , Wu Pengyu , Zhu Huayue , Jiang Ru , Chen Jingwei , Qiu Chuhan , Jiang Shengtao , Lu Guoping
Published: January 2024

Regulating the microenvironment of the S-scheme heterojunction interface to promote efficient photocatalytic aerobic organic reactions under mild conditions.
Rheological and radioactive decontamination properties of ethyl cellulose sols in green solvents at a temperature below 0 °C
Authors: Pan Xunhai , Lin Xiaoyan , Zhang Hao , Liang Lili , Pang Chunxia , Gu Kai , Hu Yang , Xi Hailing
Published: January 2024

Strippable film decontamination has been considered one of the best prospects for radioactive surface decontamination due to its high decontamination effect and less secondary pollution.
Precise synthesis of BN embedded perylene diimide oligomers for fast-charging and long-life potassium–organic batteries
Authors: Shao Guangwei , Liu Hang , Chen Li , Wu Mingliang , Wang Dongxue , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong
Published: January 2024

Three BN bridged PDI oligomers are synthesized and the BN orientations are precisely regulated in two trimers. All new compounds show great improvement in voltage potential, rate performance and cyclic stability in potassium–organic batteries.
Reforming of ethanol with carbon dioxide catalysed by silver-promoted copper–ceria–zirconia composites
Authors: Inoue Naoya , Hatooka Yuuki , Okada Chihiro , Shimidzu Shiori , Hashimoto Tadanori , Ishihara Atsushi
Published: January 2024

Ideal reaction routes in CO2 reforming of ethanol catalyzed by a AgCuCeO2ZrO2 catalyst.