bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Access Management as a Security Critical Factor
Authors: Anunciação Pedro Fernandes , Nunes Eliana
Published: July 2021

The security of information and information systems is now an important and timely issue insofar as it conditions the normal development of economic activities and may even compromise the sustainability of the economic organizations themselves. The news about the violation of information privacy or the breach of security in the information systems environment has alerted management to the need to evaluate the existing security policies and procedures, namely at information systems and information technology. In this context, the present research work presents a study on the criticality of information systems access management in a large Portuguese telecommunications company, through the analysis of organizational access management practices and procedures. In this study, different methodologies were adopted to analyze the current situation, assess the organizational methodologies and politics, and optimize the management of different types of users.
Freedom of Speech, Privacy, and Ethical and Social Responsibility in Democracy in the Digital Age
Authors: Rascão José Poças
Published: July 2021

The article addresses human rights, in particular freedom of expression and the right to privacy, including on the internet, proposing to emphasize the issue of their dialectics in the context of contemporary digital society that, in the face of the digitization of modern life, faces many challenges. It becomes necessary in this way to understand, through a theoretical review, the history of fundamental human rights, a psychosocial analysis of the concepts of freedom and privacy, the normative framework in which they fall, the internet as a platform for exercising rights and freedoms, the problems associated with it, digital data and people's movements, citizen surveillance, social engineering of power, online social networks and e-commerce, and spaces of trust and conflict.
The Use of Google Classroom to Support the Learning Process
Authors: Shana Zuhrieh , Alyatim Tareq Mohamad , Alkhazaleh Mohammad , Alshalabi Nahla
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study is to assess the students' skills in creating virtual classrooms using the Google Classroom (GC) application through a 30 item questionnaire. In addition, the study used a Likert scale and an interview to explore students' perceptions towards GC. The sample consisted of 26 Master's students in the College of Education at Al Ain University in UAE. Data was generated from analyzing the questionnaire, and the Likert scale and the interview were used to answer the research questions. The results revealed that the degree of Master's students' skills in creating virtual classrooms was weak, and there are no statistically significant differences between students' skills based on gender and specialization. The results also showed that the perception of the GC was positive, and the majority of participants assured that GC is easy to create and use. They also expressed interest to learn more about GC through training. The findings from this study could be utilized by College of Education faculty members, students, administrators, and policymakers.
Student Perspective-Based Evaluation of Online Transition During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Hajjej Fahima , Ayouni Sarra , Shaiba Hadil , Alluhaidan Ala Saleh
Published: July 2021

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many higher education institutes shifted to online learning with the precautionary measures taken by governments. This transition was very rapid and sudden, which brought challenges to all learning methods in all disciplines while opening up new opportunities. Different studies have been carried out to evaluate experiences of online migration and study its effect on stakeholders in education. This paper is aimed to rationally evaluate the transition to online learning in PNU from the student perspective. Five thousand ten student responses to an online survey were collected. The survey results indicate that the majority of students were satisfied by the quality of the delivered courses during this crisis period as they have received adequate support from instructors, IT, and leaders. Moreover, student satisfaction can be explained by the readiness and preparedness of PNU for such circumstances. Indeed, students and instructors are poised to adopt new learning modalities as they were familiar with new technologies and innovation in learning and teaching so far.
A review of giardiasis and its parasite genotypes in Iran
Authors: Khamesipour Faham , Chelgerdi Dehkordi Bahareh , Afzal Sana-Sadat , Kheyri Pariya , Nezaratizadeh Saeed , Shojaat Shadan , Hejazi Seyed Hossein
Published: July 2021

Giardia lamblia is one of the most prevailing intestinal protozoa in many vertebrates like humans, domestic and wild animals. Molecular studies show that Giardia lamblia is a complex parasite. Currently, giardiasis disease is one of the main problems of social and personal health in different countries around the world. Giardia is known as a zoonotic parasite that is divided into eight genetic assemblages (A to H). In this review study, by referring to the molecular epidemiology of Giardia lamblia and emphasizing its zoonotic factors, the background of Giardia and its genotypes in Iran have been studied. The study population consisted of indexed articles in reputable databases such as Scopus, Magiran, SID, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar in Iran from 1990 to 2020. Based on limited studies in Iran, assemblage BIII and AII are the most common types of Giardia assemblages. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive studies on various human and animal isolates in different areas of the country, especially places where no researches have been done.
Oral D mannose in the prevention and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections: A review
Authors: Porru Daniele , De Silvestri Annalisa , Buffa Edda , Klersy Catherine , Gardella Barbara , Spinillo Arsenio , Jallous Hussein
Published: July 2021

The results of several studies reveal that antibiotics may promote treatment resistance by causing alterations in the intestinal flora. The development of a gut reservoir of resistant bacteria promotes the development of UTIs through autoinfection. This review aims to address clinical reliability, efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with oral D mannose for the prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (RUTI) in females. A comprehensive MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane search was performed for English language reports published before December 2018 using the term “recurrent urinary tract infections and D mannose” was carried out. We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials from January 2010 to December 2018. Eligible studies did not include non-oral therapy, local (vaginal) treatment in women with recurrent UTIs. We identified eligible original articles. A few limitations of the review are the heterogeneity of the available studies, their different rational and aim, the assumption of D mannose for prophylaxis or treatment of recurrent UTIs. Oral D mannose performs well in the prevention of UTIs recurrences, significant improvement of urinary symptoms was observed, the disease- free time was longer in the groups of patients under prophylaxis with D mannose in comparison with control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin (PAC) etc. The review has limitations, as the studies are heterogeneous, the meta-analysis requires classifications that can also be arbitrary. Furthermore, single-arm studies are not included. Some of the authors found this evidence inconclusive, which results as a limitation of the study. D mannose prolonged the recurrence-free interval of recurrent UTIs, thus reducing the prolonged or cyclical use of antibiotics, improving clinical symptoms, with a significant difference between treatment and control groups (no treatment, antibiotic prophylaxis, prophylaxis with Proanthocyanidin). However, most clinical trials used an association of different substances commingled with D mannose, dosages and regimens of D mannose were different. For this reason, the evidence of the efficacy of D mannose remains low.
Plasma Fibrinogen
Authors: Kumar M. S. Vinod , Tiwari Mannu Kumar , Singh Jasdeep , Malik Anil
Published: July 2021

Aims:

Appendicitis, in spite of all the diagnostic advances, achieving an accurate and timely diagnosis of this common condition in children remains a challenge. Plasma fibrinogen (FB) is an acute inflammatory mediator and has been proposed and evaluated as an adjunct laboratory marker for improving diagnostic accuracy. The study evaluates the plasma values of Se FB along with other serum markers in pediatric appendicitis patients, to determine their diagnostic accuracy.

Methods:

Prospective observational study on 120 patients between the age group of 5 and 12 years. All eligible enrolled cases underwent total leukocyte count (TLC), plasma FB, C reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate on admission along with pediatric appendicitis score. Final confirmation of diagnosis and allotment of cohort was made by intra operative findings and histopathological confirmation. Two groups were defined: (1) Histopathologically confirmed acute appendicitis-Cases (2) Nonspecific abdominal pain-Controls. Laboratory results were statistically analyzed between the case and the control groups for diagnostic accuracy.

Results:

Study reflected strong statistical significance in terms of leukocyte count, ANC, NLR, CRP, and FB levels. However, plasma FB (value above 4.02 g/L) had the highest diagnostic accuracy rate of 82.50% compared to other laboratory values (TLC-70.83%, CRP-70.00%).

Conclusion:

Plasma FB has emerged as an accurate diagnostic tool and its diagnostic accuracy is superior to all other laboratory parameter studied (TLC, CRP, NLR, and ANC). Plasma FB values above 4.02 g/L is an independent predictor of appendicitis and can help in reducing negative laparotomy in pediatric age group.
Percutaneous Cystolithotomy in Augmented Bladders
Authors: Chatterjee Uday Sankar , Chatterjee Indranil
Published: July 2021

Aims:

Incidence and recurrence of bladder stone in augmented exstrophy bladder rate is high. So, recurrent open cystolithotomy is not a preferred procedure; particularly through scarred tissues, consequence of previous surgeries. Percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCL) is an old but standard procedure for retrieval of bladder stones in adults. We extrapolated PCCL for bladder stone in augmented bladders in children.

Patients and Methods:

In three patients, we made suprapubic (SP) needle track with initial puncture (IP) needle under cystoscopic guidance. Following that laparoscopic cannula was placed through dilated SP track that was crafted with Alken’s dilators and bladder stones were removed with grasper.

Results:

On cystoscopy, we also observed the patches of skin tissues in native bladders. Continence and bladder capacity were not affected following PCCL.

Conclusion:

PCCL in augmented bladder showed good outcome. High recurrence of bladder stone is possibly due to presence of keratin in dermal tissue; invaded mucosa in open bladder plate. It seems shaving or fulguration of those dermal elements during bladder reconstruction might decrease incidence of stone formation. However, we haven't attempted fulguration during PCCL.
Ethambutol optic neuropathy with correspondent chiasmitis manifestation in magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Lin Yu-Wei , Wang Jia-Kang , Huang Tzu-Lun
Published: July 2021

We present a case of an older patient with toxic chiasmatic optic neuropathy accompanied by bitemporal hemianopia associated with ethambutol use. The patient experienced gradual visual defect recovery that was concurrent with an improvement of chiasmal enhancement in the repeat magnetic resonance imaging performed at his 6-month follow-up. However, his visual field pattern sharply changed to left inferior homonymous quadrantanopia because of a new episode of occipital lobe infarction. After 2 years, the patient's visual function reached the best-corrected visual acuity of 20/20 in both eyes, although he had the sequela of homonymous quadrantanopia related to the infarction. Optical coherence tomography revealed that the loss on the macular ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer was related to retrograde transsynaptic degeneration caused by ethambutol-related chiasmopathy.
Efficacy and safety evaluation of a hypertonic seawater solution enriched with manganese and copper salts
Authors: Constant S. , Saaid A. , Jimenez-Chobillon M.A.
Published: July 2021

Background: Nasal irrigation is commonly recommended as an adjuvant treatment for blocked nose. In the present study, the safety and efficacy profile of Stérimar Blocked Nose (SBN), a hypertonic seawater solution enriched with manganese and copper salts, has been evaluated on nasal epithelium, in vitro. Methodology: 3D reconstituted human nasal epithelium tissue model, MucilAir™, has been used to investigate the safety of SBN on nasal epithelium by measuring trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER), cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release) and phlogosis-related effects (interleukin-8 secretion). Efficacy assessment was measured by ciliary beat frequency (CBF), mucociliary clearance (MCC) and antimicrobial activities (against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Results: Four-day SBN treatment did not compromise the nasal epithelium integrity as TEER values were over the tissue integrity limit. SBN treatment did not exert cytotoxic (LDH release) or pro-inflammatory effects (IL-8 secretion). SBN treatment significantly increased the CBF and MCC rates compared to untreated cells. SBN treatment exerted a bactericidal effect on S. aureus and P. aeruginosa cultures, whereas seawater not enriched in copper and manganese had only a bacteriostatic effect. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that SBN is a safe formula for use on human nasal epithelium. The results also suggest a better potential therapeutic role for SBN in comparison to not-enriched seawater when used to control nasal congestion and inhibit bacterial growth which may cause nasal congestion.
Построение интегрируемых симплектических отображений c помощью редукции преобразования Беклунда
Authors: Du Dianlou , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Hui
Published: July 2021

В качестве иллюстративных примеров рассмотрены стационарные потенциальные уравнения, целью анализа которых является объяснение того, как c помощью преобразования Беклунда можно построить интегрируемые симплектические отображения. Сначала дан краткий обзор преобразований Беклунда потенциального уравнения КдФ и потенциального уравнения КдФ пятого порядка. Далее в координатах Якоби-Остроградского получены канонические гамильтоновы формы стационарных потенциальных уравнений. На основе редукции преобразования Беклунда построены симплектические отображения и показана их интегрируемость.
$q$-Деформированные универсальные характеры и расширение иерархии решеточных $q$-деформированных универсальных характеров
Authors: Gao Yang , Li Chuanzhong
Published: July 2021

Рассмотрены $q$-деформированный универсальный характер $\widetilde S_{[\lambda,\mu]}(t,\hat t;x,\hat x)$, который является обобщением $q$-деформированного многочлена Шура, и $q$-деформированная иерархия универсальных характеров, которая может рассматриваться как обобщение $q$-деформированной иерархии КП. Исследованы решения $q$-деформированной иерархии универсальных характеров и найдено, что выражение для решения можно получить с помощью бозон-фермионного соответствия. Изучена двухкомпонентная интегрируемая система $q$-разностных уравнений, которой удовлетворяет двухкомпонентный универсальный характер.
Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine for the Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Bohicon and Kandi, Republic of Benin, 2018–2019
Authors: Kpemasse Augustin , Dagnon Fortune , Saliou Ramani , Yarou Maye Alexis Sacca , Affoukou Cyriaque Dossou , Zoulkaneri Alassane , Guézo-Mévo Blaise , Moriarty Leah F. , Ndiaye Yaye D. , Garba Mamane Nassirou , Deme Awa Bineta , Ndiaye Daouda , Hounto Aurore Ogouyemi
Published: July 2021

In 2005, artemether-lumefantrine (AL), an artemisinin-based combination therapy, was introduced as the first-line treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Benin. Per World Health Organization recommendations to monitor the efficacy of antimalarial treatment, we conducted a therapeutic efficacy study with AL for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Bohicon and Kandi, Benin, from 2018 to 2019. Febrile patients aged 6 to 59 months with confirmed P. falciparum monoinfection received supervised doses of AL for 3 days. We monitored patients clinically and parasitologically on days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. A molecular analysis to detect mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch propeller gene (Pfk13) gene was carried out on day 0 samples. A total of 205 patients were included in the study. In Bohicon, the uncorrected adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) proportion was 91.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 84.6–95.8%), whereas in Kandi this proportion was 96.7% (95% CI: 90.6–99.3%). Genotype-corrected ACPR proportions were 96.3% (95% CI: 90.9–99.0%) and 96.7% (95% CI: 90.6–99.3%) in Bohicon and Kandi, respectively. On day 3, 100% of patients in Bohicon and 98.9% of patients in Kandi had undetectable parasitemia. The C580Y mutation in the Pfk13 gene was not observed. AL remains effective for P. falciparum malaria in these two sites in Benin. Monitoring antimalarial efficacy and prevalence of molecular-resistance markers in Benin should be continued to allow for early detection of antimalarial resistance and to guide treatment policies.
Precision of Serologic Testing from Dried Blood Spots Using a Multiplex Bead Assay
Authors: Gwyn Sarah , Aragie Solomon , Wittberg Dionna M. , Melo Jason S. , Dagnew Adane , Hailu Dagnachew , Tadesse Zerihun , Haile Mahteme , Zeru Taye , Nash Scott D. , Arnold Benjamin F. , Martin Diana L. , Keenan Jeremy D.
Published: July 2021

Multiplex bead assays (MBAs) for serologic testing have become more prevalent in public health surveys, but few studies have assessed their test performance. As part of a trachoma study conducted in a rural part of Ethiopia in 2016, dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from a random sample of 393 children aged 0 to 9 years, with at least two separate 6-mm DBS collected on a filter card. Samples eluted from DBS were processed using an MBA on the Luminex platform for antibodies against 13 antigens of nine infectious organisms: Chlamydia trachomatis, Vibrio cholera, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica, Camplyobacter jejuni, Salmonella typhimurium Group B, Salmonella enteritidis Group D, and Giardia lamblia. Two separate DBS from each child were processed. The first DBS was run a single time, with the MBA set to read 100 beads per well. The second DBS was run twice, first at 100 beads per well and then at 50 beads per well. Results were expressed as the median fluorescence intensity minus background (MFI–BG), and classified as seropositive or seronegative according to external standards. Agreement between the three runs was high, with intraclass correlation coefficients of > 0.85 for the two Salmonella antibody responses and > 0.95 for the other 11 antibody responses. Agreement was also high for the dichotomous seropositivity indicators, with Cohen’s kappa statistics exceeding 0.87 for each antibody assay. These results suggest that serologic testing on the Luminex platform had strong test performance characteristics for analyzing antibodies using DBS.
Case Report: Evidence of Tungiasis in the Amazon Rain Forest of Ecuador
Authors: Calvopiña Manuel , Bezemer Jacob
Published: July 2021

Tungiasis occurs in tropical and subtropical areas in Central and South America and sub-Saharan Africa and is a Neglected Tropical Disease. We diagnosed three cases of tungiasis in a Dutch family visiting indigenous communities in the Amazon basin of Ecuador. Eight days after returning, they presented papular, pruritic, and painful lesions on the feet, with a whitish halo and a blackish central point with abundant whitish eggs upon extraction. For the first time, we demonstrate that Tunga spp. transmission is present in remote indigenous communities in the Amazon rainforest of Ecuador. It will be important to investigate the occurrence of tungiasis and associated morbidity among local inhabitants and consider prevention measures among locals and travelers to these areas.
Comunicaciones del XLIII Congreso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica. I Congreso Iberoamericano Enfermería Nefrológica“Compartiendo la experiencia de cuidar”. Madrid, 19-21 de noviembre de 2018
Authors: Ochando García Antonio
Published: July 2021

Estimados compañeros: Os presentamos en este número los resúmenes de los trabajos enviados al 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica, que celebramos en Madrid. Este congreso será además el I Congreso Iberoamearicano que celebre SEDEN y tendremos la oportunidad de recibir a compañeros de otros países, convirtiéndose en un encuentro internacional. Ha sido un reto hacer realidad este encuentro que esperamos se repita en años venideros. En este suplemento encontrareis el trabajo realizado por cientos de enfermeras de toda España y Sudamérica que, gracias al trabajo del comité científico, del comité local organizador y de la junta de la SEDEN, dispondrán de un ágora perfecta para exponer sus investigaciones, así como todos los avances en cuidados que vamos incorporando a nuestro trabajo. Comprendemos que el esfuerzo por vuestra parte ha sido grande y os animamos a leer este suplemento con detenimiento, que también tendréis disponible en la Web de la sociedad.
Musical Representations of the Past in Children’s Cartoons Produced in Central-Eastern Europe under Communism
Authors: Babulewicz Katarzyna Lidia
Published: July 2021

The subject of this article are the composition strategies employed to represent the past in animated films produced in the integrated cultural space which Central-Eastern Europe constituted during the communist era. Productions made in two countries, the Soviet Union and in Poland, have been considered. Film examples have been discussed in approximate chronological order, according to the time of production of individual cartoons. By selecting specific movies I do not intend exhaustively to analyse these audio-visual works. I have limited myself to reviewing thematic threads related to the past and, in this context, ideas and tendencies in film music composition.
Topics in Music – Definitions, History, and Meanings
Authors: Sołtysik Michał S.
Published: July 2021

The aim of the paper is to present the concept of topics (Gr. τοπικά) in music, which entails a presentation of its uses in the history of culture and literary studies. Thanks to such a broad context, it will be possible to interpret this Greek term more fully as applied to musicology and to the analysis of selected examples of musical works. The article consists of three complementary parts. The first deals with the origins of the concept, derived from ancient rhetoric and discussed, among others, by Aristotle, Cicero, and Boethius. The second part of the article presents topics in the context of analyses by Ernst Robert Curtius, Janina Abramowska, and Jacek Jadacki in the field of literary studies. The last and most extensive part of this paper is dedicated to the place of topics in musicology on the example of several authors. I discuss writings on topic theory, which since the 1980s has mainly been developed by researchers from Anglo-Saxon countries.
Bernardo Pasquini’s Sonate per uno o due Cembali con il basso cifrato: Simple Entertainment or an Elaborate Charade?
Authors: Solecka Joanna
Published: July 2021

The fourteen sonatas for two harpsichords from the collection Sonate per uno o due Cembali con il basso cifrato by Bernardo Pasquini (British Library of London, shelf mark: Ms. Add. 31501, I) are unique examples of double partimento. Few performers have taken up these works so far; they deserve much more attention. Employing contrapuntal techniques in their execution offers very interesting possibilities. The author describes and presents her own polyphonic interpretations of selected pieces from this collection: Sonata II mm. I, II, III; Sonata V m. II; Sonata VII a due m. I; Sonata X a 2 m. II; Sonata XIII a 2 mm. I and II. This material may serve as encouragement for further studies and performance of these works. They are worthy of becoming part of staple concert repertoires.
ahat ilī – Sister of Gods by Olga Tokarczuk and Aleksander Nowak: From the Novel to the Operatic Libretto
Authors: Zgliniecka-Hojda Paulina
Published: July 2021

Aleksander Nowak’s (*1979) third opera, ahat ilī – Sister of Gods,premiered in 2018, sets a libretto by Polish Nobel Prize winner Olga Tokarczuk, based on her own novel. This marriage of literature and opera, reinforced by the unique situation in which the author of the text which served as an inspiration and of the libretto is one and the same person, suggests that the work could be defined as a Literaturoper. My paper aims to analyse this composition in terms of genre as well as to represent the unique path of its content’s transformation from a literary into an operatic work, along with an analysis of the verbal component presented from the librettological perspective.
PENERAPAN METODE AHP DAN TOPSIS DALAM MENENTUKAN SALES PROMOTER YANG BERHAK MENDAPATKAN BONUS
Authors: Sholihaningtias Dian Nur
Published: July 2021

Perusahaan ritel elektronik terkemuka di Indonesia hadir dengan rentang produk yang sangat lengkap mulai dari gadget, produk IT hingga home appliances yang didukung oleh brand elektronik terkenal, maka untuk meningkatkan penjualan perlu memberikan bonus untuk sales promoter yang mempunyai kinerja kerja yang baik terutama dalam bidang penjualan dan kepribadian yang baik, tentunya harus dilakukan penilaian secara analisis supaya penilaian tidak berkesan subjektif serta cara kolusi dan nepotisme. Proses hasil seleksi ini dilakukan dengan perangkingan bobot dari kriteria-kriteria yang ada dengan menggunakan metode AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) dan TOPSIS (Technique Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution). Sistem pendukung keputusan ini memproses data sales berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang telah ditetapkan untuk menghasilkan rangking sales secara keseluruhan. Hasil akhir dari sistem ini adalah menampilkan sales promoter yang berhak mendapatkan bonus tahunan berdasarkan urutan rangking yang teratas sehingga membuat para sales promoter menjadi bersemangat dalam mengejar target yang diberikan oleh perusahaan ritail tempat mereka bekerja.
PENERAPAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR DENGAN TINGKAT KEPERCAYAAN PADA SISTEM PAKAR DALAM MENDIAGNOSIS PARASIT PADA IKAN
Authors: Al Hakim Rosyid Ridlo , Pangestu Agung , Jaenul Areip
Published: July 2021

Ikan merupakan komoditas akuatik yang mengandung protein-protein esensial. Pelaku budidaya akuakultur ikan khususnya, tidak selalu lancar dalam usaha budidayanya, karena pasti suatu saat ikan akan mengalami gangguan penyakit, baik infeksius maupun non-infeksius. Penyakit pada ikan dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, jamur, dan parasit. Metode penelitian dimulai dari studi literatur penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan. Analisis data mengalkulasi certainty factor (CF), kemudian didesain SDLC dengan tipe waterfall, desain activity diagram dan use case diagram. Hasil penerapan metode certainty factor (CF) untuk sistem pakar dalam diagnosis penyakit-penyakit ikan yang disebabkan oleh parasit dapat diterapkan untuk 12 penyakit dengan tingkat kepercayaan di atas 95%.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI CONTRAST LIMITED ADAPTIVE HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION (CLAHE) UNTUK DETEKSI CITRA SIDIK JARI TIRUAN
Authors: Nuraisha Safira , Handayani Sri
Published: July 2021

Autentikasi biometrik dengan sidik jari paling sering digunakan untuk sistem keamanan atau autentikasi sebuah akun. Seiring dengan berkembangnya model sistem keamanan menggunakan autentikasi sidik jari, muncul masalah baru yaitu penggunaan sidik jari Penggunaan sidik jari palsu dapat dilakukan melalui scanner sidik jari yang menerima salinan dari sidik jari asli yang sering disebut dengan artificial fingerprints. Penggunaan sidik jari palsu dapat mengancam keamanan dari sebuah sistem. Permasalahan deteksi sidik jari dan identifikasi bahan yang dapat meniru karakteristik sidik jari diperburuk oleh dua hal, pertama, sensor standar tidak mampu membedakan citra dari sidik jari asli dan sidik jari replika. Kedua, seringkali tidak ada isyarat yang jelas bahwa citra tersebut berasal dari sidik jari replika atau dengan kata lain sidik jari replika yang sangat mirip dengan sidik jari asli sehingga sulit untuk dibedakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi citra sidik jari tiruan dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi. Dataset yang digunakan merupakan dataset publik ATVS. Metode yang diusulkan yaitu ekstraksi fitur citra sidik jari dengan kontras GLCM (Gray Level Co-Occurance Matrix) dengan metode peningkatan kualitas citra CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization). Hasil deteksi citra sidik jari menggunakan CLAHE menghasilkan akurasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan CLAHE
TEKNOLOGI DAN COVID: TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Tafano Talizaro , Saputra Sion
Published: July 2021

Artikel ini menyelidiki sejauh mana pemanfaatan teknologi sebagai peluang dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di masa pandemi. Atikel ini berangkat dari pengamatan penulis terhadap kondisi pembelajaran saat ini, di mana pandemi Covid-19 memaksa lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia harus melakukan pembelejaran secara online. Perkembangan teknologi menjadi sarana penting yang sangat membantu agar proses belajar mengajar tetap dilaksanakan. Tetapi di balik semua ini terdapat sejumlah tantangan terkait dengan penguasaan dan pemanfaatan terhadap teknologi sebagaimana penjelasan dalam artikel ini. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini bahwa melaksanakan pembelajaran daring di masa pendemi merupakan peluang bagi para pendidik dalam meningkatkan kompetensi diri  sebagai pendidik yang profesional. Metode yang gunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. Proses analisis menggunakan sumber-sumber kepustakaan yang kredibel. Hasil dari kajian ini menemukan bahwa adanya keterbatasan fasilitas dan pengetahuan serta keterbatasan jarak jauh, tetapi tantangan ini dapat diatasi dengan peluang yakni meningkatkan pengetahuan dan menciptakan pembelajaran yang kreatif, inovatif dan informatif.
SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN JASA PEMASANGAN BALEHO PADA PT. INTERMEDIA SAKANETO
Authors: Wardana Revy , Satria Welnof
Published: July 2021

Gerak perubahan zaman senantiasa terus berkembang dari waktu ke waktu yang senantiasa pula sesuai dengan tuntutan kebutuhan hidup manusia, demikian pula dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi selain menyediakan media informasi dari berbagai bidang ilmu pengetahuan, teknlologi informasi diharapkan menjadi media yang dapat mengkontrol kebutuhan serta keinginan setia penggunanya. Maka setiap sumber daya harus dapat dikendalikan secara maksimal dan professional, hal itu dimaksudkan agar keberhasilan dapat terwujud. PT. Intermedia Sakaneto adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang pelayanan jasa dimana perusahaan ini bekerjasama dengan perusahaan-perusahaan lain yang membutuhkan pelayanan jasa yang mana sering terjadi keterlambatan informasi dibidang pelayanan jasa. Kecenderungan besar dalam proses bisnis yang mengarah pada efisiensi dan fokus pada bisnis inti telah membuka peluang yang sangat besar bagi perusahaan pelayanan jasa. Sistem informasi yang diterapkan pada PT ini berbasis Web sehingga mampu memudahkan dalam pelayanan jasa.
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Authors: Ž. Jovanović Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The book Functional English can be viewed as an introductory reading in the domain of functional language, or language used in order to perform certain communicative purposes. Functional language is a concept normally connected with foreign language learners of lower levels and with problems in achieving the designated standards in terms of the four basic language skills. The book is meant to provide a description of the subject matter of Functional English by establishing the basics, as well as the main features and elements of this linguistic domain. The overall objective of the book is to help with the understanding of existing language features sometimes taken for granted, and which may cause communication difficulties. Simultaneously, its ambition is to enable all the interested parties to reaffirm the foundations and build on the existing language repository, in an attempt to achieve a higher level of competence in English used to perform different communicative functions. The term practical language skills within Functional English entails the ability to formulate or articulate one’s communicative message, as well as the ability to interpret correctly or relay clearly to other parties any verbal material relevant to the process of communication. Moreover, being competent in Functional English means being able to select the adequate communication channel or method, where the key factors are the linguistic devices employed, the correlation between the language used and the intended goal, as well as the context of situation and its relation to the audience or the participants in the verbal interaction.
Letters from Corona Ground Zero to Helsinki: Notes on the pandemic and the environmental crisis
Authors: Lahtinen Toni , Pihkala Panu
Published: July 2021

This is a special kind of article, based on a combination of essay-style writing and references to both academic studies and public discussion. Toni Lahtinen, a Finnish ecocritic, arrived in Seattle just before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. He sent electronic postcards to Helsinki to Panu Pihkala, a Finnish researcher on eco-anxiety. The correspondence between the two internationally recognized scholars contains first-hand observations and wide-ranging meditations on global anxieties. One important theme is how the dynamics of othering and privilege are evoked instinctively in threatening circumstances. The first COVID-19 infections in the USA were confirmed in Seattle on January 21, 2020, and until mid-March, the state of Washington had more infections per capita than any other state. Before Lahtinen returned to Finland, 75 000 Americans had lost their lives due to the pandemic and the number of unemployed had increased with 20 000 000 people. The fourteen letters between Lahtinen and Pihkala provoke the reader to think about coronavirus anxiety, eco-anxiety, and methods of coping.
Nonviolent Interposition in Armed Conflicts
Authors: L'Abate Alberto
Published: July 2021

In 1931 Gandhi spoke of the possibility of overcoming violent conflicts with "a living wall of men and women" who would interpose themselves between conflicting parties without any other weapons than themselves (Weber, 1988). Some students of nonviolent intervention have written histories of interpositionary experiences from Gandhi's first idea until recent years (Keyes, 1978; Weber, 1988; Walker, 1981; L'Abate, 1993a). Maybe it is time to try an evaluation of these types of interventions.1
Ethnic Boundaries and the Margins of the Margin
Authors: Jφrgenson Bent
Published: July 2021

The theme of this paper is on one of the most elementary questions in the study of ethnicity and nationalism, namely how to approach and assess ethnic boundaries'. Should we perceive them as an advantageous or a pernicious tool in politics? To answer that question, we need a reference point; advantageous or pernicious in relation to whom? I will here use those people(-s) who are so marginalized that their voices are practically silenced, and the way in which the political reconstruction, conversion, or deconstruction of ethnic boundaries is favorable or not to them; the margins of the margin. Do ethnic boundaries, and particularly their political usage, illuminate and create preconditions for uplifting, visualization or in any other way favor the margins of the margin? And if yes, how does one handle the element of violence which is involved in the politicization and defense of such boundaries? On the contrary, if we suggest that ethnic boundaries should be deconstructed, how do we deal with the causes of ethnic boundary construction? In order to illuminate these problems, two approaches will be critically discussed and applied: Post-Colonialism and Conflict Resolution.
The Two Faces Of Peace Building
Authors: Harbottle Michael , Harbottle Eirwen
Published: July 2021

Terminology, if not precisely defined, can lead to misinterpretation and misunderstanding. This has been the case in the way in which the United Nations has been using peacemaking, peacekeeping and, more recently, peacebuilding. Agenda for Peace, produced by the UN Secretary General in 1992 suffers from some ambiguity in this respect. For example, it refers to the military performing a peacemaking role. The military cannot make peace, that is the role of the diplomat or politician. All that the military can do is to allay, defuse and help to end the manifest violence so that the peacemaking process can better proceed in a stable and calm atmosphere.
Conflict, Intervention and the Decline of the Developing State
Authors: Conteh-Morgan Earl
Published: July 2021

The contemporary international system is characterized by change and continuity in fundamental socio-political processes and economic relationships that constitute the foundation on which state and non-state interactions unfold. In particular, post-Cold War fin de siècle international politics, rather than producing a new era of global peace, economic prosperity, and symmetrical interdependence, is instead characterized by a widening scope and intensity of geopolitical fluidity and socio-economic effervescence which tend either to (1) undermine state sovereignty, (2) assail human rights practices, or (3) impel the key actors (great powers and major international organizations) of the international system to adopt a foreign policy posture of Aintervention@ with the goal of managing the global political economy. The ever-increasing negative effects of transnational social forces tend to generate the pervasive force of a liberal cosmopolitan moral view of international relations that increasingly sanctions both military and non-military interventions to maintain the existing structure of states and international society. The consequence is that states, in particular weak developing states, are progressively losing their individual identities, rights, and obligations vis-à-vis civil society, in the wake of the external impositions. In other words, the high incidence of violent ethnopolitical conflicts as well as the dislocative effects of weak developing economies are increasingly undermining the twin pillars of non-intervention and state sovereignty. Conflict/peacekeeping interventions and economic dislocation/external policy impositions now constitute the most formidable sources of assault on the decision-making autonomy, territorial integrity, and overall sovereignty of the developing state.
Conclusion
Authors: Blechman Frank
Published: July 2021

We, the editors of this Issue, began by saying that both the concept of conflict resolution and social justice are used in multiple ways. We noted that some forms or definitions of each seemed to exclude the other.
Ceasefire: The Impact of Republican Political Culture on the Ceasefire Process in Northern Ireland
Authors: Sapone Montgomery
Published: July 2021

On August 31, 1994, the Provisional IRA (PIRA) declared a cessation of military operations. For the past thirty years, the conflict in Northern Ireland has been raging almost without pause.1 British security forces have attempted to control the violence by establishing road blocks, conducting house searches, altering the judicial system to allow conviction on informant testimony, instituting internment without trial for paramilitary suspects, garrisoning over thirty thousand British soldiers in Northern Ireland, instituting broadcasting bans of Sinn Féin, and conducting intensive interrogation of suspects. Despite the best attempts of the British government over the past few decades to thwart PIRA, the conflict persisted. To sustain a low-intensity war under these conditions requires more than guns and ammunition; it requires the support of a political community, extensive organization of economic resources, and cultural values that give meaning to the conflict.
Peace Negotiations and the Dynamics of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Authors: Sabet Amr
Published: July 2021

The saga of the Middle East ‘peace process’ and the fanfare that has surrounded it, obscured the fact that little has been subjected to detailed systematic and objective analysis. Nor has it been sufficiently put to the test of negotiation principles in a fashion that would shed light on its underlying nature and substance. This caveat hindered addressing important questions regarding the very structure of the process and its ability to deliver on its purported promises. It further raises questions as to whether one could speak of a real peace in the making, or whether the whole endeavor is merely used as cant. By cant is meant “a mode of expression, or a cast of thought, of which the effect--irrespective of the motive--is to create a misleading discrepancy between the natural meaning of words and their practical significance...” (Hugo, 1970: 19).
Beyond Resolution: What Does Conflict Transformation Actually Transform?
Authors: Mitchell Christopher
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the concept of ‘conflict transformation’ in relation to earlier ideas concerning the ‘resolution’ of conflict and seeks to differentiate between the two approaches. Writers and writings from the conflict transformation ‘school’ are surveyed and an effort is made to delineate the core characteristics of the approach, viewed either as a process or an end state. Questions are raised about transformation on a personal, group or conflict system level, all of which seem to be encompassed by various adherents of the transformation school, and the unifying concept that emerges is that of the relationship between adversaries being transformed by a variety of techniques. However, it is finally argued that the very idea of ‘relationship’ is itself ambiguous so that a real intellectual effort needs to be made to clarify its nature and characteristics, and the various ways in which relationships can be changed.
The Role of Faith in Cross-Cultural Conflict Resolution
Authors: Said Abdul , Funk Nathan
Published: July 2021

When we speak of the role of faith in cross-cultural conflict resolution, our challenge is to honor the diversity of the world’s humanistic and spiritual traditions while seeking common ground among them. What we aspire towards, in other words, is an agenda for research, dialogue and activism that is global in conception and responsive to common challenges of peacemaking and coexistence within and among the world’s many traditions. It is no longer sufficient for transnational peace agendas to be defined primarily by the cultural experiences and perceived security threats of a particular nation or culture. We need new frameworks for organizing knowledge about religion, culture and spirituality – frameworks that recognize the powerful role that faith and belief play in conflict and conflict resolution, and that do not privilege one culture as ‘normal’ and label another as ‘exceptional’.
Constructive Storytelling: A Peace Process
Authors: Senehi Jessica
Published: July 2021

These lines were written by Robert Desnos, a leading poet of the French surrealist movement. Surrealism was an artistic movement of 1924−1936 which valued the imagination, plumbing the wisdom of the unconscious, and a creativity unfettered by reason and convention. Desnos was known for his agile imagination and his experimental style. He was also a journalist, produced radio shows, and wrote advertising jingles.
Public Affairs Television and Third Party Roles: The Nightline Debates in South Africa (1985) and Israel (1988)
Authors: Botes Johannes
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the strategies, tactics and tasks of a media moderator during television debates regarding deep-rooted conflicts, as well as the overall intended and unintended roles and effects of these broadcasts. Two case studies—the Nightline (ABC-TV) broadcasts from South Africa (1985) and Israel (1988)—are examined by comparing the actions of a public affairs television moderator to conventional third party intervenors, as defined in conflict resolution literature. In the process the paper presents research regarding the manifest tactics and latent roles demonstrated by a television moderator and the manner in which these activities can be compared to the tasks of conventional third parties such as mediators. The paper finally also reflects on how television debates can become problem-solving dialogues that assist in transforming deep-rooted conflicts.
Toward the Civil Society: Finding Harmony between Havel’s Vision and Learning-Organization Theory
Authors: Palmer Patsy
Published: July 2021

This theoretical paper derives inspiration from former Czech President Vaclav Havel and lessons from “learning organizations” to guide government executives in helping develop shared meaning among constituents, interest groups and public employees. Such shared meaning is seen as a framework for policy decisions and implementation. American civil society, like learning organizations, is understood as broadly interdependent and continuously changing, with conflict both latent and overt. Leadership is defined in contrast to management and administration; government leadership is compared and contrasted with learningorganization leadership. Strengths, weaknesses and political costs of various approaches are considered. It is argued that successful publicsector leaders must adapt a “learning” style with commitment to dialogue and the openness that characterizes synchronicity and presence.
Network Thinking in Peace and Conflict Studies
Authors: Wolfe Alvin
Published: July 2021

Developments in mathematics and social theory and in techniques of communication and computation have brought network analysis to a state where it can be practically applied over a broad spectrum. Surprisingly, this mode of analysis has not been adopted by practitioners and scholars of peace and conflict studies to the extent that it ought to be. Examples of types of analysis that could have important applications are given, using network concepts such centrality, structural equivalence, and regular equivalence.
El profesor de Historia y el debate entre los saberes didácticos y disciplinares
Authors: Díaz Pérez Adolfo Alejandro
Published: July 2021

El dominio de los saberes didácticos y disciplinares es uno de los temas más discutidos en el aula de clase en los procesos de formación inicial del profesorado, en esta etapa, se confrontan dos tipos de concepciones: la primera tiene que ver con quienes sostienen que el saber pedagógico es suficiente para impartir cualquier disciplina escolar, y la segunda está asociada con aquellos que suponen que poseer vastos conocimientos de una ciencia es suficiente para impartir tal disciplina. Con base en esto, el presente ensayo tiene el objetivo de destacar la importancia de la complementariedad de los saberes didácticos y disciplinares en la enseñanza de la Historia en Educación Secundaria. Por consiguiente, en su contenido se abordan temáticas como el mito de “quien más sabe, más enseña”, la transposición didáctica y la complementariedad de saberes. Los resultados expuestos permiten afirmar que, para enseñar Historia y cualquier otra ciencia social, es indispensable el dominio de la ciencia, pero también hay que saberla enseñar para generar aprendizajes significativos en el estudiantado.