bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Strategic Opportunities and Resulting Business Models for SMEs
Authors: Lokshina Izabella V. , Lanting Cees J. M. , Durkin Barbara
Published: August 2021

This chapter focuses on ubiquitous sensing devices, enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies, that cut across every area of modern day living, affecting individuals and businesses and offering the ability to measure and understand environmental indicators. The proliferation of these devices in a communicating-actuating network creates the internet of things (IoT). The IoT provides the tools to establish a major global data-driven ecosystem with its emphasis on Big Data. Currently, business models may focus on the provision of services, i.e., the internet of services (IoS). These models assume the presence and development of the necessary IoT measurement and control instruments, communications infrastructure, and easy access to the data collected and information generated. Different business models may support creating revenue and value for different types of customers. This chapter contributes to the literature by considering, innovatively, knowledge-based management practices, strategic opportunities and resulting business models for third-party data analysis services.
Instagram as a Marketing Tool for Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Harun Zuraini , Tajudeen Farzana Parveen
Published: August 2021

Technological changes have transformed traditional marketing methods. Instagram is one of the social media platforms which enables companies to reach their target groups of customers by means of a visual approach. Instagram is a popular social media application among Malaysians. With the growing popularity of Instagram and its potential to help businesses, this study aims to investigate the Instagram adoption among Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). A survey method was used to collect data. The results of the study found that relative advantage and collaboration are the significant dimensions influencing the adoption of Instagram. The study also found technology strategy as a significant moderator between relative advantage, interactiveness, collaboration, and Instagram adoption among SMEs. This study enhances the current knowledge on social media especially highlights the importance of Instagram as an excellent tool for marketing.
E-Marketing for SMEs
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Fotolela Rosalia
Published: August 2021

This article describes that though there are few studies conducted on SMEs' life cycle, there are no studies specifically done around the globe with focus on electronic marketing approaches for SMEs. SMEs are flexible, so they can respond quickly to changing marketing requirements. Four approaches explain marketing role in small firms: the stages/growth model, the management style model, the management function model and the contingency model. SMEs face-marketing problems due to limited financial base, market knowledge, branding activities, expertise and over dependence on marketing ability of the owner/manager. They adopt reactive-marketing rather than planned marketing. Therefore, they face difficulties to exploit opportunities available in the market. Thus, the article aims to develop new ways of marketing approaches to every element of the-marketing mix (price, place, product and promotion). Further, as SMEs generally use a “conservative” approach to marketing, the study findings reflect that adopting electronic marketing approach can help them to offer new improved product or innovative use of existing product.
Key Success Factors Facilitating SME E-Commerce in Developing Countries
Authors: Saputra Hijrah
Published: August 2021

This chapter presents a systematic literature review and research agenda regarding key success factors (KSFs) facilitating SME e-commerce in developing countries. Previous studies had mainly pre-adoption when the internet and e-commerce were new. However, SMEs have largely been ignored, and now that attention has turned to post-adoption issues research, which is required in SME and developing country contexts due to the worldwide growth of e-commerce. This chapter comprises a structured literature review using Denyer and Tranfield's context, intervention, mechanisms, and outcome (CIMO) criteria for critical analysis to enable the development of future empirical research areas. The KSFs are considered significant and of concern to stakeholders, including inter alia SMEs and governments to encourage SME growth in e-commerce and positively influence SME and overall business performance to meet customer demand.
Supply Chain Startups in India
Authors: Bhattacharyya Som Sekhar , Shrey Apurva
Published: August 2021

Supply chain management (SCM) has become a critical business function. SCM has become such a specialized function that dedicated firms on SCM has emerged. Startups in SCM domain target to reduce the inefficiencies through technological interventions and innovative business models. This chapter focuses on 10 Indian supply chain startups. These startups were analyzed based on supply chain drivers, supply chain operation reference model (SCOR), and using business model canvas (BMC). The case data was collected through secondary sources and analyzed through the cross-case analysis. It was found that the SCM startups were focusing more on transportation driver. SCOR model analysis demonstrated that the SCM startups assisted in operational area of the SCM where they carried out operational activities and decision making. BMC analysis revealed that startups were asset light and resources held by these startups were the financial funding which the firm secured through venture capitalists and software development teams.
IT Governance in SMEs
Authors: Frogeri Rodrigo Franklin , Pardini Daniel Jardim , Cardoso Ana Maria Pereira , Prado Liz Áurea , Piurcosky Fabrício Pelloso , Junior Pedro dos Santos Portugal
Published: August 2021

The adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) leads to cost reduction in processes and organizational effectiveness. The effective use of ICTs, however, greatly depends on their good governance, especially due to the impact generated by investments in information and communication technologies. In this scenario, we aimed at defining the state of art of IT governance in SMEs. A broad review of the literature on IT governance in SMEs was performed. The results indicated a field of research with little development, with 32 studies identified until the year 2018. Three research lines were observed. Initially, the researchers have discussed the barriers and characteristics of ITG in SMEs. In the next step, the studies were directed to the establishment of an ITG framework applicable to SMEs reality. The last line of research observed the IT capacities in relation to the environment in which the SME operates. The studies indicated a prevalence of qualitative approaches under the positivist paradigm.
Motivation for Responsible Behavior Among Russian SMEs
Authors: Bataeva Bela , Cheglakova Liudmila , Melitonyan Olga
Published: August 2021

This chapter focuses on identifying motivation for socially responsible behavior in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Russia. It also investigates the attitudes of owners and executives of Russian SMEs toward the concepts of business ethics and social responsibility of business. A research set the background of this chapter, including the gathering of primary data through 57 focused interviews. Results of a critical analysis conclude that top managers and owners of Russian SMEs do not thoroughly understand these concepts. However, it also shows that they do not neglect them. Research findings point to a growing level of adherence to the principles of business ethics and responsible behavior. There is strong evidence showing motivation for following principles of ethical and responsible behavior. In addition to an understanding of legal requirements, company owners and top managers are finding that positive relationships between firms and stakeholders are crucial for sustainable performance.
The Reality of Financing Small Tourism Firms
Authors: Hussain Javed , Sandhu Navjot , El-Gohary Hatem , Edwards David
Published: August 2021

Small tourist firms occupy an important place within the Indian tourism industry and make a significant contribution towards gross domestic production. This study investigates access to and finance preferences of SME tourism firms in the Punjab area, India. The study employed a post-positivist research approach depending on semi-structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings confirmed that tourism firms relied on pecking order trajectory, drawing capital from own savings, family and informal lenders, which is consistent with the literature. The study provides a unique insight into issues related to tourism firms and benchmarks findings with SME literature to identify the salient points.
China's Shifting Labour-Intensive Manufacturing Firms to Africa
Authors: Omoruyi Ezihuelen Michael Mitchell
Published: August 2021

The paper aims to bring attention to the vital phenomenon of China’s factory relocation to Africa, with a special focus on Ethiopia and Rwanda. As such, the paper asks: can the surge in wages in China decisively lead to the relocation of labor-intensive manufacturing firms from China to Ethiopia and Rwanda on a scale substantially sufficient to kick-start their industrialization? In attempting to answer the question, the paper also attempts to find out if there can be any possible shift from Asian to African Geese formation within the context of flying geese (FG) theory of comparative advantage, a framework that is useful in understanding the concept of “catching-up economy”, relaying as the paper general analytical framework. The paper finds out that China’s factory relocation are still limited and constrained, owing to both African nations and China’s side factors.
Scene-Specific Dark Channel Prior for Single Image Fog Removal
Authors: Sivaanpu Anparasy , Thanikasalam Kokul
Published: August 2021

Extensive presence of fog in outdoor images severely alters the scene appearance and hence reduces the visibility. Image processing based defogging algorithms are used to restore the details and colour in a single foggy image. Performances of the previous defogging approaches are considerably low since they fail to consider the image-specific cues. In this paper, a novel and simple defogging approach is proposed based on the estimation of depth map by considering the density of fog in local image regions. The proposed approach uses the scene-specific depth map information to compute the dark channel and transmission. The quality of recovered image is further improved by a post-processing technique. Experimental evaluation performed on FRIDA and FRIDA2 benchmark datasets demonstrates the proposed defogging framework outperforms state-of-the-art approaches. The code and the results of this work are open-sourced for reproducibility (https://github.com/RPRO5/Defogging).
Controlled blasting experiments in a small drift at the CANMET Experimental Mine
Authors: Lizotte Y C
Published: August 2021

Controlled blasting experiments in a small development drift were conducted at the CANMET Experimental Mine, from August 1992 to November 1993. The objective of these experiments was to develop suitable controlled blasting techniques for small development
headings, drilled by jackleg with 32 mm diameter bits. The techniques considered needed to maintain the drill-blast-muck cycle achieved in each work shift. The experimentation also aimed to provide insight into blast damage mechanisms in order to formulate criteria for dilution minimization with
blast designs in stopes.
The drift faces were approximately 2.4 m by 2.4 m with 34 to 43 holes drilled to a depth of 2.4 m. Cartridged water gels, emulsions and semigelatin dynamite were used in the cuts and as primers, ANFO as the main explosive, and semigelatin dynamite in 19 mm diameter cartridges was used in the
perimeter holes. Various smooth blasting techniques and pre-splitting were tested in the underground mine. All the blasts were monitored with a multi-channel blast vibration monitor to which was attached sets of high frequency geophones and accelerometers. This first set of experiments has
illustrated the efficiency of controlled blasting techniques to reduce blast damage and demonstrated the need for further research to improve the safe and efficient use of explosives in underground mining.
Desorption of 222Rn progeny from material surfaces by alpha-recoil and other mechanisms
Authors: Bigu J
Published: August 2021

Transfer (i.e., desorption or detachment) of 222Rn progeny from a substrate (metal disc, filter material, and activated charcoal) to its surroundings has been investigated. The technique, methodology, and materials used differ from the work of others in a number
of significant ways. For instance, 222Rn progeny was deposited on substrates by plate-out techniques, and the detached 222Rn progeny were measured using a silicon barrier a-particle detector as both, the host 'receiving' surface and detector for the detached radionuclides. Transfer of 222Rn progeny
from the substrate to the detector was observed by alpha-recoil of 218Po (in activated charcoal substrates) and 214Pb (in metal discs and filter materials). Experimental evidence of 222Rn progeny transfer by mechanisms other than alpha-recoil is presented. The data presented strongly suggest
beta-recoil as a likely mechanism of transfer although electrophoresis and diffusion phenomena should not be dismissed.
Development of human resources for the mineral industries - the supply side: technical school and university graduates
Authors: Udd J E
Published: August 2021

In this paper the author presents the results of the 1992 CIM survey of graduates in minerals and technology programs in Canadian post-secondary institutions. As usual, the trends are out-of-phase with the economic state of the industry. People who chose a
minerals career in the prosperous days of the late 1980's are now entering a labour market in recession.
The cyclical nature of enrollments is illustrated in a series of figures showing the trends since the CIM survey was begun in 1956 (and even earlier for mining engineering).
In the survey, the respondents were asked to provide comments on their perceptions of the problems specific to minerals education in Canada. The large number of responses have led the author to the conclusions and recommendations given in the final part of the paper.
Effects of Caffeine, Theophylline, and Aminophylline on Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Althagafi Abdulhamid
Published: August 2021

Background:

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly efficacious treatment modality used to produce seizures in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorders and psychotic episodes. In general, ECT treatment is successful in most patients; however, in some populations, ECT fails to produce adequate response. Caffeine, theophylline, and aminophylline are documented to augment seizure activity in ECT. By inhibiting adenosine, these medications can improve ECT response rate in a certain patient population. Caffeine and aminophylline have been documented to prolong seizure duration. Theophylline has been shown to improve seizure duration along with decreasing seizure threshold. All of these medications have very minimal side effect profiles. This review will discuss up-to-date evidence on the effects of xanthine derivatives in patients receiving ECT treatment.

Methods:

A literature review of PubMed and EMBASE was performed for related studies.

Results:

Eight studies were included in our review. Premedication with caffeine, theophylline, or aminophylline was associated with increased seizure duration in patients suffering from mental disorders and were indicated to manage ECT.

Conclusion:

Xanthine derivatives prolong seizure duration in patients treated with ECT.
Scattergram Patterns of Hematological Malignancies on Sysmex XN-Series Analyzer
Authors: Ningombam Aparna , Acharya Shreyam , Sarkar Abhirup , Kumar Kundan , Chopra Anita
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND:

Automated hematology analyzers effectively reduce turnaround time and generates scattergrams which can be used to screen for different hematological conditions.

AIMS:

We wish to study the scattergrams generated by the Sysmex XN-series analyzer for confirmed cases of hematological malignancies and evaluate for the specific patterns to these malignancies.

METHODS:

Two hundred and ninety-one newly diagnosed cases of various hematological malignancies were included in the study. All these cases were diagnosed and classified in accordance with flow cytometry, bone marrow morphological study, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies. Forty-eight cases of leukemoid reaction were also included in the study. We retrieved the scattergrams and complete blood count data of all these cases which were processed in the Sysmex XN-analyzer before their diagnosis. Along with scattergrams, the peripheral blood smear findings of all the cases were extracted too. The scattergram patterns in the white blood cell differential (WDF) and white cell nucleated region (WNR) channels were evaluated and correlated with their peripheral blood smear findings.

RESULTS:

All the scattergrams in the WDF and WNR channels were studied. Patterns seen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were striking and distinctly separate. After correlating with the peripheral smear and immunophenotyping, AML patterns were subtyped by the French American British classification. Acute promyelocytic leukemia as well as different phases of chronic myeloid leukemia had unique patterns. Scattergram patterns of ALL had minute difference with that of chronic lymphoproliferative disorder.

CONCLUSION:

In high-volume laboratories, the patterns on Sysmex XN-series analyzer scattergrams can be used as a valuable aid for suspecting and triaging cases of hematological malignancies.
Comparative Analysis between Linear Measures from Bidimensional and Three-dimensional Images of the Face for Human Identification Purpose
Authors: Pinto Paulo H.V. , Jacometti Victor , Pereira Júlia G.D. , Silva Marco A.M.R. , Silva Ricardo H.A.
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Photo-anthropometry is a method of facial image comparison that consists of taking measurements on images. The objective of this study was to verify if facial measurements obtained from a two-dimensional (2D) image can be applied for the purpose of human identification when compared with measurements obtained from a three-dimensional (3D) image.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional research, a convenience sample was formed by 3D and 2D images of 12 participants. In these images, 35 linear measurements were taken between landmarks. The 2D images were obtained in different angles and norms (left and right sides, and front sides), and the measures were categorized into vertical, lateral, and lip regions. The data were organized in Excel® spreadsheets (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Washington, USA) and submitted to descriptive statistics.

Results:

The vertical measurements in lateral norms were more divergent than the measurements of 3D images, whereas the measurements of the lip region showed less differences in all norms. In the lateral norms, vertical measures such as nasion–pogonion were underestimated by 14.35 mm, whereas this same measure was overestimated by 7.20 mm in the frontal norm. In the lip region, the most underestimated measures were crista philtri (left)–cheilion (left) at 5.95 mm and crista philtri (right)–cheilion (right) at 5.45 mm, and the most overestimated was cheilion (right)–cheilion (left) at 4.38 mm, all in the frontal norm.

Conclusion:

The facial measurements obtained in 2D images can be underestimated or overestimated depending on the angle and norm of each image.
An analysis of neurocognitive dysfunction in brain tumors
Authors: Borde Pravin , Dutta Gautam , Singh Hukum , Singh Daljit , Jagetia Anita , Srivastava Arvind Kumar , Bharti Rohit , Prakash Anand , Kumar Anil
Published: August 2021

Background:

Neurocognitive dysfunction is an important issue in patients with frontal lobe lesions. These patients who may be in good neurological status may succumb to neurocognitive dysfunction, affecting their daily living and hampering the quality of life. This study aims to correlate pre- and post-operative neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with frontal lobe lesions.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective analysis of 50 patients of newly-diagnosed frontal lobe tumors of any grade deemed suitable for surgical resection was carried out. All patients underwent neurocognitive testing using frontal assessment battery (FAB), mini mental state examination, and verbal learning and memory test pre- and post-operatively.

Results:

In this study, 22 patients had right frontal lobe lesion, whereas in 24 patients, it was located in the left frontal lobe, and 4 patients had bilateral lesions. Only 12 patients were found to be in good FAB score preoperatively, and all of them had symptom duration of less than 3 months. 1-week postsurgery, 26 patients achieved a good score, which increased to 44 at 3rd month. Patients who had psychological dysfunction for more than 3 months had average-to-bad preoperative FAB scores, while at 3rd month postoperatively, only six patients were in average score and none in bad score.

Conclusion:

Frontal lobe lesion should be kept in mind in patients with neurocognitive dysfunction. FAB is a simple bedside test that should be included in routine neurological examination in daily neurosurgical practice to assess long-term functional outcome in patients with frontal lobe lesions.
Development of a Water Quality Index (WQI) for public supply in the Vale do Rio Pardo region, RS, Brazil
Authors: Klamt Rodrigo Augusto , Lobo Eduardo Alexis , Costa Adilson Ben da
Published: August 2021

This research developed a Water Quality Index (WQI) for public supply in the Vale do Rio Pardo Region, RS, Brazil (WQI-VRP), from the database of the 13th Regional Health Coordination, totaling 1175 samples. A filtration process resulted in 285 samples with the variables free residual chlorine, turbidity, apparent color, pH, fluoride, total coliforms and Escherichia coli. For water consumption purposes, the Water Quality Index developed by the Sanitation Company of Goiás, Brazil, was used. A multivariate calibration of the weights of importance of the parameters included in the original index was performed, resulting in the WQI-VRP. Comparing the medians of the two indexes, it was found that there were significant differences (p<0.05), qualifying the WQI-VRP as more restrictive. The results indicated that 89.8% of the samples were classified as non-compliant samples by WQI-VRP, while 10.2% were classified as compliant samples. Of the 285 samples analyzed, 72 samples of chlorine, 12 of total coliform, 5 of E. coli, 2 of color, 200 of fluoride and 26 of pH, were below or above the minimum or maximum values required by Brazilian legislation. The pH and fluoride correspond to the critical variables of the study region, as they were the parameters that showed the greatest increases in relative weights when comparing the original index with the calibrated one. These results confirm the use of the WQI-VRP as an efficient tool to assess the quality of drinking water in Brazilian subtropical and temperate lotic systems.
Integrating key aspects of landscape and sustainable building development with the use of environmental assessment tools
Authors:   , Gowri Shankar Gayathiri
Published: August 2021

In this research, the Building Research Establishment and Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) tool, which is the longest serving tool of its kind in the world, is evaluated using a robust Landscape Framework. The BREEAM tool evolved in the United Kingdom (UK) in 1990 to address critical environmental issues such as climate change, the fossil fuel crisis and rapid urbanisation. The English planning system encourages new buildings and major refurbishment to adopt this tool to promote Sustainable Building Development (SBD). Recently, landscape practitioners in the UK have raised concern that the tool focuses around energy, transport, materials, and ecological aspects (such as native species), while other fundamental landscape values are not considered. Landscape is fundamental in terms of building and infrastructure, as it is a combination of different components such as land use, nature and wildlife and is a key aspect of culture. The SBD context is often characterised as comprising three pillars - environment, society and economy. However, to fully integrate landscape, this research incorporates a fourth pillar, that of culture. A Landscape Framework is developed as part of this research using these four pillars and captures fundamental values of landscape in relation to SBD from both the academics’ and practitioners’ perspective. The evaluation exercise identified that the BREEAM tool has a significant gap, which is in addressing the landscape. The evaluation of other building and infrastructure assessment tools emphasise that a sustainable approach is required from the outset of a building development until the end of its life. Consequently, a Sustainable Landscape Development Framework has been proposed as part of this research to be integrated with the existing BREEAM tool, by setting out five stages to capture the full life cycle of building development. This approach redefines SBD and reconnects people with the surrounding environment.
Evidence-Based End-of-Life Comfort Care Guidelines
Authors:   , Maranan Myla
Published: August 2021

Practice Problem: In the absence of end-of-life (EOL) comfort care guidelines, the nurses in a medical-surgical unit are apprehensive about caring for patients in their active stage of dying, which leads to abandoning the values of holistic and patient-centered care. PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: "How do acute care bedside nurses (P) who utilize the evidence-based comfort care guidelines (I) compare to not using the evidence-based guidelines (C) perceive their confidence in their capability to provide holistic and patient-centered care (O) during the active onset of the patient's end-of-life stage (T)?" Evidence: The literature indicated that accessible, evidence-based EOL comfort care guidelines could help nurses to enhance their confidence and skills to deliver holistic and patient-centered care at the bedside for actively dying patients. Intervention: The nurses identified primary stressors for a dying patient within 24 hours of the patient deemed on EOL stage using a Patient Dignity Inventory Tool as an embedded part of EOL comfort care guidelines. The nurses initiated individualized plans of care based on the stressors identified, which upheld holistic and patient-centered EOL care concepts. Outcome: Pre-and post-EOL intervention survey data attested that having accessible EOL comfort care guidelines was valuable for nurses in attaining more confidence in providing patient-centered and holistic care at the bedside for the actively dying patient. Conclusion: Accessible, standardized, evidence-based EOL comfort care guidelines fostered the nurses' ability to provide care to patients who were actively dying, embracing the core concepts of holistic and patient-centered care.
Estado laico, ensino religioso e intolerância: os desafios da educação pública
Authors: Silveira Emerson Sena da
Published: August 2021

A reemergência de intolerâncias e configurações político-religiosas de extrema-direita ou direita nacional-populista, colocou grandes desafios ao ensino público entendido como espaço de construção de convivência com a alteridade. A deterioração político-social acentuou-se durante a sindemia de COVID-19 e lança uma interrogação: dentro da educação público-estatal, o ensino religioso pode cultivar espaços de produção de intersubjetividades livres, autônomas e cidadãs? Para responder ao questionamento, proponho uma reflexão filosófico-sociológica, alicerçada metodologicamente em literatura acadêmica corrente, documentos primários e secundários online e físicos. A laicidade estatal permitiu o ensino público laico, democrático, republicano. Inicialmente constituído como reação religiosa católica às perdas dos laços oficiais com o Estado, o Ensino Religioso só começou recentemente, uma nova página de sua história, mais próxima da laicidade plural. Porém, embates religiosos reacionários atrasam a implantação do padrão curricular comum, a Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC). Para superar os desafios, será necessário ver a educação pública e o ensino religioso como bens comuns, plurais e laicos a que todos têm direito, constituindo-se em espaços de contraposição à intolerância religiosa
¿QUÉ ES LA GEOGRAFÍA?
Authors: Cascante Campos Alejandro
Published: August 2021

El artículo propone la existencia de una visión sobre el objeto de estudio de la Geografía que se construye a partir de las concepciones de los estudiantes universitarios sobre su significado. La literatura internacional plantea que las personas que reciben una instrucción geográfica durante la educación primaria, secundaria y universitaria, generan una imagen de esta ciencia que repercute en la práctica, transformación y difusión del conocimiento geográfico en la sociedad. La investigación explora los principales fundamentos teóricos a nivel internacional que sustentan los estudios sobre las concepciones en estudiantes universitarios (principalmente en carreras de Educación y Geografía). Además, detalla en las metodologías y técnicas empleadas, donde prima el uso de encuestas y entrevistas para conocer la opinión de participantes y cómo internalizan el significado de la disciplina. El estudio también explora posibles factores que contribuyen al desarrollo o explican diferentes conceptualizaciones sobre la Geografía. Los resultados confirman al menos diez concepciones diferentes, las cuales varían según el contexto geográfico, nivel y grado académico, aunque con prevalencia mayoritaria de enfoques globalistas, seguido de interaccionistas y terrestres orientados a una Geografía percibida como transmisora de conocimiento disciplinar.

Palabras clave

Concepciones de la Geografía, Conocimiento geográfico, Universidad, Educación geográfica, Geografía.

 

O QUE É GEOGRAFIA? Um enfoque desde as concepções de estudantes universitários

Resumo

O artigo propõe a existência de uma visão sobre o objeto de estudo da Geografia que se constrói a partir das concepções de estudantes universitários sobre seu significado. A literatura internacional indica que as personas que recebem uma instrução geográfica durante o ensino fundamental, ensino médio e universitário, geram uma imagem desta ciência que repercute na prática, transformação e difusão do conhecimento geográfico na sociedade. A pesquisa explora os principais fundamentos teóricos a nível internacional que sustentam os estudos sobre as concepções em estudantes universitários (principalmente em carreiras de Educação e Geografia). Ademais, detalha as metodologias e técnicas empregadas, nas quais predomina o uso de enquetes e entrevistas para conhecer a opinião dos participantes e como internalizam o significado da disciplina. O estudo também explora possíveis fatores que contribuem com o desenvolvimento ou explicam diferentes conceptualizações sobre a Geografia. Os resultados confirmam pelo menos dez concepções diferentes, as quais variam segundo o contexto geográfico, nível e grau acadêmico, ainda que prevaleçam enfoques globalistas, seguido de interacionistas e terrestres, orientados a uma Geografia percebida como transmissora de conhecimento disciplinar.

Palavras-chave

Concepções da geografia, Conhecimento geográfico, Universidade, Educação geográfica, Geografia.
A Neurociência e a aprendizagem significativa atuando na formação do educador da Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Conceição Herson , Amorim Antonio
Published: August 2021

O presente estudo analisa a importância da neurociência na aprendizagem significativa e na formação de professores da Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Destaca o desafio de como o professor utiliza os conhecimentos neurocientíficos, no aprendizado significativo. O objetivo foi ampliar o olhar reflexivo do professor, com os saberes neurocientíficos para o desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica contextualizada. A abordagem adotada foi a da investigação qualitativa, com o procedimento estratégico do estudo bibliográfico. Os resultados evidenciaram a necessidade formativa do professor observar os conhecimentos neurocientíficos; considera a prática vivencial como sendo importante na garantia da qualidade da aprendizagem significativa; fortalecer as especificidades da EJA como elementos da formação cidadã.
Imagem de Hagar Lotte Geyer, da Pixabay.
O papel de pais e professores no uso produtivo das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Flávia Ribeiro , Carvalho Wellington Marçal
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo trata-se de pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o uso das TICs e o papel de pais e professores na busca pelo uso mais produtivo e seguro. Buscou descrever quais as responsabilidades dos pais, bem como os caminhos a serem percorridos e quais posturas adotar; qual o papel dos professores, da escola e como desempenhar o uso das TICs em sala de aula; descrever informações sobre segurança e posturas que devem ser adotadas no uso dessas ferramentas. Demonstrou-se a necessidade de uma conscientização dos pais no intuito de adotar uma postura assídua e protetiva em relação ao uso da rede e das TICs por parte de seus filhos. A melhor tecnologia que os pais podem utilizar nesse processo é o diálogo, a relação de afeto e confiança e acompanhar o que os filhos fazem na internet. Já a escola e os professores devem trabalhar a ética no uso da tecnologia.
Imagem de ludi por Pixabay.
Women and glass ceilings in the construction industry: a review
Authors: Rivera Urpi Barreto , Sánchez Yasser Abarca , Pagan Juan Pablo Mellado , Ballón Walter Carpio , Jara Orlando Barreto , Astete Raúl Abarca
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

At the global level, the representation of men and women in the hierarchical scale within the labor market manifests itself unevenly, generally concentrating the occupations of women in the lower scales. An explanation for this phenomenon is the glass ceilings, invisible barriers faced by women during the development of their careers, which do not allow them to progress towards higher positions. This phenomenon is not indifferent to the construction sector, where a relatively unknown situation is observed for women; This situation has prompted a series of investigations with the shared concern to identify the obstacles that prevent women from developing in the construction sector. This article carries out a bibliographic review of the subject using the technique of documentary analysis, which has made it possible to obtain the state of the art and identify the dimensions that make up glass ceilings in the construction sector. The results point to the presence and constancy of glass ceilings due to the nature of the sector, the walls that begin in the hiring activity and persist throughout all professional development; thus, perpetuating inequalities between women and men from one generation to another within the sector.

 

RESUMEN

A nivel mundial, la representación de hombres y mujeres en la escala jerárquica dentro del mercado laboral se manifiesta de forma desigual, concentrando generalmente las ocupaciones de las mujeres en las escalas inferiores. Una explicación de este fenómeno son los techos de cristal, barreras invisibles a las que se enfrentan las mujeres durante el desarrollo de sus carreras, que no les permiten progresar hacia posiciones más altas. Este fenómeno no es indiferente al sector de la construcción, donde se observa una situación relativamente desconocida para las mujeres; esta situación ha impulsado una serie de investigaciones con la preocupación compartida de identificar los obstáculos que impiden a las mujeres desarrollarse en el sector de la construcción. En este artículo se realiza una revisión bibliográfica del tema mediante la técnica del análisis documental, que ha permitido obtener el estado del arte e identificar las dimensiones que conforman los techos de cristal en el sector de la construcción. Los resultados apuntan a la presencia y constancia de los techos de cristal debido a la naturaleza del sector, muros que se inician en la actividad de contratación y persisten a lo largo de todo el desarrollo profesional; perpetuando así las desigualdades entre mujeres y hombres de una generación a otra dentro del sector.
Persepsi Nasabah terhadap Akad Rahn pada Pegadaian Syariah
Authors: Widiastuti Sri , Fatimah MZ Nurse
Published: August 2021

This research was motivated by the author's preliminary observations regarding customers' points of view between Sharia Pawnshops, and conventional Pawnshops were the same, some customers thought that Sharia Pawnshops also apply interest, even though the system were different. The purposes of this study were to find out how the Rahn contract, and the customer's perception of the Rahn at the Syariah Pawnshops. Data analysis used qualitative descriptive by deductive, and inductive methods. The results showed that most of the customers did not understand the Rahn, but they believed that the pawn products available at the Sharia Pawnshop and the pawn products in conventional pawnshops were the same. Furthermore, the implementation of the Rahn contract at the Sharia Pawnshop was under Islamic roles because there were no rules that violate Islamic law.
Peran Guru terhadap Aktivitas Bermain Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Ardi Witri Intan , Devianti Rika
Published: August 2021

Education is a means for teachers to provide knowledge and experience as well as values ​​in life. For this reason, teachers are to provide a comfortable and joyful learning atmosphere for students, one of which is playing activities. In playing activities, students often behave badly, such as scuffle, and being selfish. This requires a teacher to be able to educate and facilitate them not to do so. This research was to recognize the teachers’ role in early childhood playing activities, especially at As-Salam Kindergarten, Pekan Arba, Tembilahan. This research is descriptive qualitative. The data were collected using structured interview techniques, observation, and documentation. The informants of the research were 3 teachers, a headmaster, head of foundations, and 38 students. The data were analyzed using the data triangulation technique by the Miles and Huberman model. The results showed that the teachers play a vital role as designers, observers, models, facilitators, elaborators, and evaluators.
Reflective Practice: Helping Coaches Improve their Coaching
Authors: Roy Xavier , Gavrila Simona E. , Sercia Pierre
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Reflective practice has recently been advocated as approach for sports and strength and conditioning coaches to question, learn from, and understand their own experiences to adapt and/or change their subsequent behaviors and decision-making processes. This article discusses the importance of reflexive practice for coaches and provides examples of how reflective practice can be implemented at each step of the coaching process.
Proximate, mineral and melissopalynological analyses of honeys produced by Apis mellifera adansonii maintained at the University of Lagos Apiary
Authors: Famuyiwa S. O. , Anikwe J. C. , Adeonipekun P. A. , Adebayo M.
Published: August 2021

This study focused on the management of established Apis mellifera adansonii colonies, and evaluation of the proximate, mineral, and pollen contents of honeys produced by these bees at the University of Lagos apiary. Two newly established bee colonies were managed using modern hive management techniques. Honeys produced by these colonies were subjected to further laboratory analyses. Proximate composition of honey samples was determined based on the official analysis methods from Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Mineral composition was determined quantitatively using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Melissopalynological analysis was conducted to ascertain the amount, type and origin of pollen present in the samples. On the basis of the proximate composition, colony 1 honey had higher carbohydrate (81.29%), crude fibre (1.43%) and ash contents (0.70%) while colony 2 honey recorded higher protein (2.72%), crude fat (0.17%), moisture content (17.32%) and pH (4.6). Result of the mineral analysis showed that potassium was the most abundant element, while manganese was the least present trace element in both honeys. Investigated honey samples contained 8609 pollen and spore types belonging to 27 families and 29 species. Colony 1 honey had the highest pollen diversity, while colony 2 honey recorded the highest abundance. Hippocratea sp. was the predominant pollen type in colony 1 honey sample while Phyllantus sp. was the secondary dominant species in colony 2 honey. Celastraceae and Rubiaceae were the most dominant families recorded in the investigated honey samples. Investigated honey samples were multifloral, rich in minerals, and met the standard requirements of good honey as recommended by International Honey Commission. The study provided the basis for identification of major plants visited by Apis mellifera honeybees within the apiary. There is a need to conserve the existing flora within the study location, especially those found to be rewarding to Apis mellifera adansonii.
Estratégia de Inovação e Modelo de Gestão: O Caso de uma Pequena Empresa Produtora de Cachaça Artesanal
Authors: Donadon Frederico Andreis Beneli , Santos David Ferreira Lopes
Published: August 2021

Estudos contemporâneos têm evidenciado a importância da capacidade de inovar no desempenho mercadológico das organizações, com vistas à competitividade e longevidade. Denota-se, entretanto, uma lacuna teórico-empírica de estudos, notadamente nas pequenas e médias empresas, quanto à forma como estas convergem suas estratégias de inovação ao modelo de gestão praticado. Este estudo se posiciona nesse gap teórico e objetiva analisar a estratégia e a capacidade/estrutura para inovar de uma pequena empresa produtora de cachaça artesanal. Metodologicamente conduziu-se um estudo de caso por abordagem qualitativa, com o uso da análise de conteúdo, suportada pela análise de similitude e frequência de palavras. Os resultados viabilizados pelo BMC-Canvas e validados pela análise de similitude indicaram que o alinhamento entre o modelo de negócio e a inovação insere-se de forma estratégica e estruturada na empresa, com reflexos na capacidade de atender novas demandas de consumo e regulação, voltadas ao lançamento de novos produtos de maior valor agregado
RELEASING HYDROGEN FROM NABH4 VIA HYDROGEL BASED CoF2 CATALYST
Authors: AKKAŞ Tuğba , GÜRÜ Metin
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the dehydrogenation reaction of NaBH4 was performed in the presence of Co-ion loaded hydrogel catalyst. The reactions took place within 27, 18 and 9 hours at 25, 35 and 45 °C, respectively. In addition, the relation between the initial concentration of NaBH4 and released hydrogen was investigated at 45°C. A linear relationship between initial borohydride concentration and produced H2 was determined. Also, differential method was used to determine reaction rate constants and rate order. Hence, first-order-kinetics was proved by using experimental data. After that, the activation energy was found as 58.26 kJ/mol by means of the slope of the graph of lnk versus 1/T for the dehydrogenation reaction. This value is nearly equal to 50kJ/mol, which was expected in literature for the studies of the catalytic dehydrogenation. As the hydrophilic and macroporous structure of the prepared poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (p(AAm-co-AAc)-Co) hydrogel catalyst allowed inlet of NaBH4 solution up to its interior and release of produced H2, effect of pore diffusion limitation was neglected. Dehydrogenation index of NaBH4 was calculated as 2526.31 mL H2/g NaBH4 according to the amount of NaBH4 in the aqueous solution
ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSES OF THE HEAT CONDUCTION OF CARBON NANOTUBES UNDER APPLIED VOLTAGES
Authors: ÖZ Yahya
Published: August 2021

Electron field emission experiments of carbon nanotubes (CNT) show that due to heat CNTs breakdown faster under applied voltage than expected. Therefore, different systems with varying temperature distributions are considered analytically and numerically by use of the heat conduction equation. This methodology yields a phenomenological understanding and description of the thermoelectric behavior of CNTs under applied voltage
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF NON-PREMIXED COMBUSTION INSIDE A THREE LAYERED POROUS BURNER WITH FLAMELET MODEL
Authors: ERGEN Tanju , ŞENER Tamer , TUNCER Onur , BAYTAŞ Cihat
Published: August 2021

Purpose of this study is to numerically investigate combustion within a porous channel, which has three layers with different pore densities. Non-premixed combustion inside the porous channel is modelled with thermal non-equilibrium energy equations. Flow and chemistry are decoupled with tabulated chemistry using flamelets, thereby reducing the computational cost. GRI 3.0 mechanism is used to account for methane/air combustion. Simulations are performed for different pore densities at the third layer in 8-30 PPI range. Also, the effects of thermal power and excess-air-ratio (EAR) are investigated for the porous burner. Temperatures and species mass fraction distributions are obtained. Maximum temperature in the burner found to be similar for all cases since combustion occurs in stoichiometric conditions at the flame front as a result of the non-premixed combustion model. NOx and CO emissions values of all simulations are compared against international gas emission standards. This comparison showed that while CO emissions are always below all international standards, NOx emissions are below these limits only for high values of excess air ratio and thermal power. Besides, as the pore density of the third layer is decreased, the values of emissions decrease strongly.
SU2 REAL GAS MODELS’ PERFORMANCE PREDICTIONS ON A COLD GAS THRUSTER
Authors: ÖZDEN Aysu , BARAN Özgür , AKSEL Mehmet , AK Mehmet
Published: August 2021

Cold gas propulsion systems are preferred, especially for the altitude and trajectory control for satellites, since the 1960s. Both depressurizing the propellant in the propellant tank throughout the mission and the expansion occurring in the divergent part of the thruster nozzle are the reasons for observing very low temperatures and pressure at the outlet section. We have decided to use an open-source compressible CFD tool, SU2, in order to predict the performance of the propulsion system in the early design phase. The scope of this study is the comparison of the results of the vacuum chamber performance tests and the outcomes of unsteady simulations with SU2 using different gas models, including ideal gas, van-der Waals, and Peng-Robinson models. Then, the accuracy and performance of these models are evaluated for the extremely low temperature and pressure conditions. Thruster performance tests have been conducted in the thermal vacuum chamber test campaign at the specially built testing facilities. In order to simulate nominal and low-temperature operation conditions, a propellant tank is thermally conditioned to the predetermined values, and performance test parameters are used as the input for the CFD simulations. The obtained results showed that the van der Waals gas model is the most appropriate gas model for both cases and provides the most realistic results in terms of performance parameters.