bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis of the Motion of a Flexible Hose Net Used for Hauling a Box Chamber Net in Set Net Fishery
Authors: Kitazawa Daisuke , Mizukami Yoichi , Hirai Yoshio
Published: August 2013

A set net fishery is one of the most popular fishing methods and has a history of a few hundred years in Japan. The hauling operation of a box chamber net is one of the essential works for fishermen to harvest fishes, not losing and damaging them. However, the current net-hauling system requires many personnel powers with danger works in early morning. The present study proposes a flexible hose net for hauling a box chamber net in an automated way. Flexible hoses are arranged like a brick form and installed in the bottom of the box chamber net. Compressed air is injected into flexible hoses at one edge of the hose net. The water tank models of the set net and the hose net are made based on the similarity law of Tauchi, while the Reynolds dependency is not taken into account. The hose net rose like an S shape to drive fishes into the smaller domain gradually. Then a simple method of numerical analysis is represented to estimate the formation and the tension of the flexible hose net. For simplicity, the formation of a flexible hose net in the direction normal to air injection is uniform. The hose net is assumed to be flexible with and without air inside the hoses. Hence the hose net is approximated by a flexible cable. A maximal tension of the flexible hose net is the key parameter for its design. The tension is expected to be maximal at the middle point on the flexible hose net when the flexible hose net obtains the half of the total buoyancy. Therefore, the formation of the flexible hose net at this time is analyzed in comparison with the experimental result. The projected area, drag coefficient, current velocity, and the tension at the origin (pretension) are varied to investigate the sensitivity of these parameters to the formation of the flexible hose net. When the parameters related to the drag force on the fish cage were varied, little difference could be found among the analyzed results. The drag force on the flexible hose net exerts little effect on its formation, and is overwhelmed by the effects of gravity and buoyancy. The formation of the hose net is sensitive to the tension at the origin. As future studies, the tension will be measured at several points on the hose net in water tank testing by more precise tank model considering the stiffness of the hose and the Reynolds dependency. Then the numerical model will be expanded to three-dimension to take the time changes in the formation of the flexible hoses and drag force into account.
Reliability of Axially Loaded Jacket Pile
Authors: Ronold Knut O. , Bergan Jens , Arnesen Knut , Guttormsen Tom R.
Published: August 2013

A reliability study of an axially loaded jacket pile in sand for prediction of the failure probability in compression is presented. The study is based on full probabilistic modelling of axial load and axial capacity by their respective probability distributions. A first-order reliability method (FORM) is used for probability calculations.

Results by three novel axial capacity models are given, viz. the so-called UWA, ICP and NGI methods specified in ISO19902. Results by a fourth artificial method, whose capacity prediction is taken as the average of the predictions by the three other methods, are also given. Method-specific model uncertainty factors are applied, calibrated by means of a data base for piles in sand reported by UWA.

Emphasis in this paper is on presentation of results of the reliability analyses and on various sensitivity studies including two different failure criteria. The results illustrate that the novel design methods predict pile capacity with significant variability. The data base used for validation of the new design methods may therefore be judged inadequate, and the need for more large scale test results seems imperative to ensure a consistent safety level when these methods are used in design.
Advancements in Thermoplastic Composite Riser Development
Authors: van Onna Martin , de Kanter Jens , Steuten Bart
Published: August 2013

This paper describes the development and proof of concept of a full thermoplastic composite riser (TCR) system. The pipe design, consisting of a fully bonded composite wall, built up from melt-fused thermoplastic compound and fibres, will be discussed including fibre directions and end-fitting design. The proof of concept is executed through a comprehensive, global design approach, in which the pipe design is optimized with input from dynamic riser response analysis as well as installation aspects, for 7 different scenario’s. As part of the proof of concept, various single and combined load case testing have been conducted on full scale test specimen; the initial results of which are discussed in the paper. Finally, the approach to successfully achieve market adoption of such a safety critical component will be presented, including the qualification methodology.
The Case for Verification of Systems
Authors: Korn Milton
Published: August 2013

System verification covers the many components that comprise the system; these include the individual components, their integration as well as a control system, if provided. Large complex systems may have many individual functions repeatedly implemented. The implementation of system logic in software, pneumatics, hydraulics and hardwired interconnected electromechanical relay is explored in this paper. It is suggested that the definition of software is more than simply code executing within a programmable electronic controller (PEC), especially when system control includes control loops utilizing PID control with optional cascade and/or feed forward control, Kalman Filtering, etc. that are themselves executing within the PEC or in other control devices external to the PEC. This paper reviews the importance of systematically analyzing systems for the purpose of developing a verification scope that can reasonably be implemented, while constrained by time and cost, recognizing that not all defects can be identified.
Applying Structure and Discipline to Rig Technology
Authors: Van Aken Peter , DeWitt Cris , Slagle Pat
Published: August 2013

The maritime and offshore industries are increasingly reliant on integrated computer-based control systems and the associated software that actually ‘runs’ the systems. Industrial computers and the software they run are controlling exponentially more rig functions than ever before with increasingly more complex coding for expanded functionality. Ultimately, introduction of these complex systems into safety, environmental and operational functions have a significant impact on rig performance—software quality management is becoming a primary contributor to the overall performance of a rig.
Indicial Function Predictions of Two Dimensional Unsteady Viscous Flows Around Bluff Bodies Based on Discrete Vortex Simulations
Authors: Yadollahi Farsani H. , Ebrahimnejad L. , Marzocca P. , Janoyan K. D. , Valentine D. T.
Published: August 2013

This paper provides aerodynamic indicial functions obtained through a discrete vortex computational fluid dynamics method for two-dimensional geometries, including two canonical sections, rectangular and elliptical shapes, and the Great Belt Bridge cross section. This methodology enables one to determine the unsteady lift and aerodynamic moment necessary in aeroelastic analysis of flexible bodies including flutter and vortex induced vibration. The predictions were obtained using an unsteady viscous flow solver, DVMFLOW, developed by COWI. The indicial functions developed have two exponential groups which parameters have been obtained using a nonlinear least square method. The numerical investigations show significant flow separation for the presented sections and an enhanced dynamic stall region at the initiation of a transient leading to higher values in the lift coefficient response. Vortex shedding frequency was also determined and the results are compared with other studies in the literature.
Development of a Performance Assessment Model (PAM) for High Complexity Non-Conventional Reservoirs
Authors: Riaño Caraza Juan M. , Flores Avila Fernando S. , Faría Rojas Iván , Brito Rodríguez Luis E.
Published: August 2013

Chicontepec is one of the areas with the largest volume of original oil in place in Mexico; however, after more than 30 years of operation, its development has been very limited due to the high geological complexity and low rock quality of their reservoirs. The reservoirs are found in layered sequences of sediments deposited in turbiditic environments which have suffered different degrees of diagenesis, there is a great level of vertical heterogeneity and a very limited level of lateral continuity. The permeability of the reservoir area is in the range of 0.1 to 5 md, depending on the location and degree of diagenesis, with this level of permeability most wells require hydraulic fracturing to be produced economically. The volume of oil originally in place according to the latest certifications is around 130 billion barrels, of which to this date have been produced 200 MMbls, which represents a current recovery factor of 0.15%.

In order to accelerate the development of reserves PEMEX has diversified efforts assigning some areas to other companies. This will provide greater ability to assess best practices and technologies. To evaluate the efforts of companies a performance assessment model was designed, which takes into account the integral complexity of each area to be fair in comparing the results obtained for the different areas. The aim of this paper is to describe the methodology used in the developing of the performance evaluation and integral complexity characterization models.
Uncertainty Analysis in the Production History Matching by Using Proxies as Reservoir Simulators
Authors: Camargo Silva Paulo , Filho Virgílio José Martins Ferreira
Published: August 2013

In the recent literature of the production history matching the problem of non-uniqueness of reservoir simulation models has been considered a difficult problem. Complex workflows have been proposed to solve the problem. However, the reduction of uncertainty can only be done with the definition of Probability Density Functions that are highly costly. In this article we introduce a methodology to reduce uncertainty in the history matching using techniques of Monte Carlo performed on proxies as Reservoir Simulator. This methodology is able to compare different Probability Density Functions for different reservoir simulation models to define among the models which simulation model can provide more appropriate matching.
Dynamic Evaluation of Invasion and Backflow in Carbonate and Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Silveira Bruno O. , Moreno Rosangela B. Z. L.
Published: August 2013

This work aims to compare the drilling fluid invasion and oil backflow in sandstone and carbonate samples in order to evaluate the influence of kind of rock in the formation damage and its interaction with the drilling tested fluid.

The tests were performed in sandstone and carbonate samples with similar gas absolute permeabilities and under a protocol test in steps that included preparation, characterization, multiphase flow, drilling fluid invasion and oil backflow.

During the work it was observed that carbonate samples were less water wet than sandstone samples. From the obtained results for longer samples was possible to follow the advancing front of the invading fluid with pressure observations along the core. The dynamic flow permitted to conclude that invasion in carbonate samples was faster than in sandstone. It was also observed that in carbonate samples the backflow presented a higher and faster productivity return when compared with sandstone results.
Evaluation on Explicit Coupling Between Reservoir Simulators and Production System
Authors: von Hohendorff Filho João Carlos , Schiozer Denis José
Published: August 2013

Various methodologies to model the coupling of reservoirs and production systems have been applied in the oil industry in recent years due to the need to model properly the integrated solution of models that represent the flow of fluids through the reservoir to the surface.

These methodologies are used to solve the production forecast of multiple reservoirs, sharing production platforms with limited production e injection capacities ruled by complex production systems. They can be grouped into two basic types: implicit and explicit coupling methodologies.

Explicit methodology can be an efficient choice to integrate simulations because allows coupling adequate simulators to model the whole system and also to grant flexibility in study of well management alternatives. However, it is necessary to test this type of procedure to check the quality of the results. Therefore, a validation study of explicit coupling methodology is presented in this work where the production system is tested on common operating conditions during production and injection of fluids, verifying benefits and limitations of explicit methodology. Some methods for improving the explicit response are proposed and evaluated.

An example of application verifies the gain of flexibility in well prioritization by the group management obtained by use of an external methodology for reservoir simulator.

The explicit coupling, as implemented, has shown a satisfactory result for the integration between the simulators, honoring all operating constraints set in evaluation cases. Some correction methodologies are necessaries to obtain stabilized results.
New Design Analysis Procedure of Ultra Deepwater Drillships
Authors: Wang Xiaozhi , Hwang Jeong Heon , Yan Yuhai , Jeong Ho-hyun
Published: August 2013

The technical challenges for the structural design of the new ultra deepwater generation of drillships are optimized hull designs that include greater functionality, flexibility and operational efficiency. Compared with traditional design, some drillship structural designs may not include crude oil storage capacity and the vessel is likely to have less deck area. In addition, they are generally free of equipment on deck and are more compact with an increased integrated hull and drilling system arrangement. This calls for a comprehensive and practical procedure for drillship structural design and verification.

This paper describes an advanced design and analysis procedure to address the strength and fatigue requirement which is applicable to all types of drillship structures. With the presumption of unrestricted service operations, the study evaluates structural strength of the drillship in different operating environments (e.g., transit, normal drilling, severe storm), under a variety of operating scenarios and transit conditions. Site-specific conditions with specified probabilities are considered for fatigue evaluation. The presented procedure includes initial prescriptive scantling assessment, comprehensive finite element strength assessment, fatigue assessment, strength and fatigue criteria.
Application of Parametric Surfaces in Contact Assessment Between Two Floaters in Side by Side Operations
Authors: de Menezes Fabio Gouveia Telles , Jacob Breno Pinheiro , Albrecht Carl Horst , Corrêa Fabrício Nogueira
Published: August 2013

In front of the growing demand for natural gas, alternative solutions have been adopted to export the production to the several available markets. Conventional gas carriers have been converted to regasification units to operate close to the shore, treating the gas and delivering it to carriers which take the product to the shore. Side by side configurations for the gas transference by loading arms are common, and the reduce distance between the ships is the main challenge.

For such application a time domain simulation is demanded. Due to the close proximity between the ships, at each time step, their distance has to be calculated in order to predict eventual ship to ship or ship to fenders collisions.

When the ships are modeled by conventional meshes the interference analysis every time step is excessively time consuming, the use of parametric surfaces reduces the number of elements to be checked against each other and saves computational cost. The precision is also improved since the hull shapes are fully represented in comparison to the panel approximation provided by the meshing approach.

The contact verification plays a fundamental role for that type of analysis and the gains obtained by the parametric surfaces appliance are significant.
Local Stress Assessment of Flexible Unbonded Pipes Using FEA
Authors: Edmans Ben , Alfano Giulio , Bahai Hamid , Andronicou Lakis , Bahtui Ali
Published: August 2013

Detailed stress analysis of unbonded flexible pipes has always been a challenging exercise which requires significant amount of computational resources and state of the art knowledge of flexible pipe modelling techniques. Lloyd’s Register EMEA and Brunel University have embarked on the development of a model which captures the response of the individual unbonded layers of flexible pipes using the ABAQUS finite element package employing 3D explicit and 3D implicit integration rules. The model accounts for nonlinear interaction between layers and provide the hysteresis response. The use of periodic boundary conditions to eliminate boundary effects at the pipe ends has also been investigated. The model predicts stress and strain conditions in metallic and plastic layers. These FEA predictions of the 3D non linear models are compared with the results of analytical methods for axisymmetric loads. This verification is carried out for three basic cases as follows: i) axial tension ii) internal/burst pressure iii) radial external pressure. Good agreement has been shown for stiffness and stress values predicted by the FEA and analytical formulations. Some initial results are presented for the bending behaviour in which the hysteresis obtained in the case of cyclic application of the design minimum bending radius is simulated.
Large-Scale Analysis and Local Stress Assessment of Flexible Unbonded Pipes Using FEA
Authors: Edmans Ben , Alfano Giulio , Bahai Hamid
Published: August 2013

Lifespan assessment of flexible risers involves the evaluation of fatigue parameters, requiring accurate predictions of stresses and their variation in pipe components. For predicting the effect of complex three-dimensional nonlinear dynamics on component stress histories, multi-scale methods can combine generality of application with computational efficiency. In this paper, we describe the development of a two-scale computational homogenisation procedure linking a coarse-scale analysis model using specialised beam elements, and a detailed stress prediction model consisting of a pipe section with components modelled with shell elements and frictional contact interactions.

To use the procedure, the detailed model first functions as a virtual test rig, by which parameters of the global model may be determined. For detailed stress prediction, the global model is tested under the operating conditions of interest providing a set of generalised strains which are applied to the detailed model. The models are implemented in the general-purpose finite-element package Abaqus. As key aspects of the procedure, we show how generalised stresses and strains can be imposed on the detailed model uniformly without introducing spurious boundary effects and demonstrate how local stresses can be determined using strain data from the global model.
Comparison Behavior of Tensile Tests for GFRP Filament Wound Pipes With Two Different Sectional Areas Regarding High Temperature
Authors: Ortenzi Altibano , de Carvalho Jonas , Corvi Andrea
Published: August 2013

In this work were compared two types of filament wound pipe specimens to know the variation in stress and strain regarding to the cross sectional area variation at 65° C according to the standards. The groups are named as G1 and G2, respectively with the G1 having 63.5mm of internal nominal diameter, and the G2 having 76.2mm. Both groups had 800mm of length, 3.5 mm of wall thickness and tabs laminated with 200 mm length. It was applied a monotonic load with a rate of 6.35 mm/minute. Three strain gages were positioned circumferentially and other three axially oriented at the specimen middle span.

The high temperature was controlled by thermo pairs and the thermal box was heated up to reach the test temperature. So the tests were carried out up to failure of the specimens. The results showed that the sectional area may affect the strain at higher temperatures above of 50 °C. It was also noted variations between both groups regarding their strength capacity, mainly at the serviceable limit state of loading, which was determined by the first lost of loading followed by any kind of possible damage — matrix cracking, delaminating or fiber fracture. It could be noted that for high pressure and severe conditions use, the serviceable limit state is the most appropriated level that one should consider when designing glass fiber reinforced polymer to use in pipelines and others offshore structures subjected to internal and external loading pressures.
What Do We Not Know About Freaque Waves in the Ocean and Lakes and Where to Go From Here
Authors: Liu Paul C. , Wu Chin H. , Bechle Adam , Chen Hsuan S. , MacHutchon Keith R.
Published: August 2013

In this paper we point out the lesser known or under-explored aspects of freaque waves. The modern study of freaque waves has been an active research field over the last two decades or so. There have been significant advancements especially in connection with the study of nonlinear physics. We have explored what we DO know, in this paper, we would like to explore what we DO NOT know?
Ultimate Strength of Dented Narrow Stiffened Panels Subjected to Compressive Loads
Authors: Xu Mingcai , Soares C. Guedes
Published: August 2013

This paper investigates the collapse behaviour of stiffened panels with a local dent under axial compressive load. The damage on plates is simulated by quasi-static nonlinear FEM, which accounts for the residual stresses caused by a dent and the springback of the stiffened panels. The material properties used in the finite element analysis have been evaluated by tensile tests. To prescribe appropriate boundary conditions, extended stiffened panels with three bays models are adopted in FE analyses. The resistance of the stiffened panels to denting is analyzed first. The effects of residual stress, geometry model and dent depth of stiffened panels on the ultimate strength and the springback of the stiffened panels are analyzed.
Broad Side Ship Collision With Jacket Legs: Examination of NORSOK N-004 Analysis Procedure
Authors: Amdahl Jørgen , Watan Reny , Hu Zhiqiang , Holmås Tore
Published: August 2013

Broad side ship collision with jacket legs are investigated with special emphasis on the analysis procedure recommended NORSOK N-004 Appendix A. A jacket leg and the shipside of a typical supply vessel are modeled, and impact simulations are carried out with LS-DYNA software. The resistance to denting of the jacket leg and the resistance to indentation of the shipside are compared with the NORSOK recommendations. The distribution of energy dissipation and damage to the ship and the leg is studied for various leg thicknesses and two contact positions.
Effective DQE (eDQE) for monoscopic and stereoscopic chest radiography imaging systems with the incorporation of anatomical noise
Authors: Boyce Sarah J. , Choudhury Kingshuk Roy , Samei Ehsan
Published: August 2013

Purpose:

Stereoscopic chest biplane correlation imaging (stereo/BCI) has been proposed as an alternative modality to single view chest x‐ray (CXR). The metrics effective modulation transfer function (eMTF), effective normalized noise power spectrum (eNNPS), and effective detective quantum efficiency (eDQE) have been proposed as clinically relevant metrics for assessing clinical system performance taking into consideration the magnification and scatter effects. This study compared the metrics eMTF, eNNPS, eDQE, and detectability index for stereo/BCI and single view CXR under isodose conditions at two magnifications for two anthropomorphic phantoms of differing sizes.

Methods:

Measurements for the eMTF were taken for two phantom sizes with an opaque edge test device using established techniques. The eNNPS was measured at two isodose conditions for two phantoms using established techniques. The scatter was measured for two phantoms using an established beam stop method. All measurements were also taken at two different magnifications with two phantoms. A geometrical phantom was used for comparison with prior results for CXR although the results for an anatomy free phantom are not expected to vary for BCI.

Results:

Stereo/BCI resulted in improved metrics compared to single view CXR. Results indicated that magnification can potentially improve the detection performance primarily due to the air gap which reduced scatter by ∼20%. For both phantoms, at isodose, eDQE(0) for stereo/BCI was ∼100 times higher than that for CXR. Magnification at isodose improved eDQE(0) by ∼10 times for stereo/BCI. Increasing the dose did not improve eDQE. The detectability index for stereo/BCI was ∼100 times better than single view CXR for all conditions. The detectability index was also not improved with increased dose.

Conclusions:

The findings indicate that stereo/BCI with magnification may improve detectability of subtle lung nodules compared to single view CXR. Results were improved with magnification for the smaller phantom but not for the larger phantom. The effective DQE and the detectability index did not improve with increasing dose.
Topotactic Interconversion of Nanoparticle Superlattices
Authors: Macfarlane Robert J. , Jones Matthew R. , Lee Byeongdu , Auyeung Evelyn , Mirkin Chad A.
Published: August 2013

Sticking with DNA

One strategy for creating superlattices from nanoparticles is to coat the particles with DNA strands that have sticky ends that can be exploited to control the assembly of the lattice. This method can create binary lattices, but now

Macfarlane
et al.

(p.
1222
, published online 22 August) have succeeded in inserting a third type of nanoparticle into a predetermined site by tuning the strength of the relative DNA binding interactions.
Complete Genome Sequence of Cyanobacterial Siphovirus KBS2A
Authors: Ponsero Alise J. , Chen Feng , Lennon Jay T. , Wilhelm Steven W.
Published: August 2013

We present the genome of a cyanosiphovirus (KBS2A) that infects a marine
Synechococcus
sp. (strain WH7803). Unique to this genome, relative to other sequenced cyanosiphoviruses, is the absence of elements associated with integration into the host chromosome, suggesting this virus may not be able to establish a lysogenic relationship.
Genome Sequence of Salmonella bongori Strain N268-08, a Rare Clinical Isolate
Authors: Marti Roger , Hagens Steven , Loessner Martin J. , Klumpp Jochen
Published: August 2013

Salmonella bongori
is a close relative of the highly virulent members of
S. enterica
subspecies
enterica
, encompassing more than 2,500 serovars, most of which cause human salmonellosis, one of the leading food-borne illnesses.
S. bongori
is only very rarely implicated in infections. We here present the sequence of a clinical isolate from Switzerland,
S. bongori
strain N268-08.
Genome Sequence of the Food Spoilage Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii CLIB 213
T
Authors: Galeote Virginie , Bigey Frédéric , Devillers Hugo , Neuvéglise Cécile , Dequin Sylvie
Published: August 2013

The ascomycetous yeast
Zygosaccharomyces bailii
is one of the most problematic spoilage yeasts in food and beverage industries, due to its exceptional resistance to various stresses. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these stress resistance phenotypes might help develop strategies to improve food quality. Thus, we determined and annotated the genome sequence of the strain
Z. bailii
CLIB 213
T
(= CBS 680).
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus gasseri Strain 2016
Authors: Karlyshev Andrey V. , Melnikov Vyacheslav G. , Kosarev Igor V. , Khlebnikov Valentin C. , Sukhikh Gennady T. , Abramov Vyacheslav M.
Published: August 2013

Different common factors contribute to the antagonistic properties of
Lactobacillus gasseri
toward various pathogens. However, there is strain-to-strain variation in the probiotic properties of this bacterium. The draft genome sequence of
L. gasseri
strain 2016 determined in this study will assist in understanding the genetic basis for such variation.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Very Virulent Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain, CH/GDGZ/2012, Isolated in Southern China
Authors: Tian Ye , Su Danping , Zhang Haiming , Chen Rui-ai , He Dongsheng
Published: August 2013

The classical symptoms of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) are acute diarrhea and dehydration. The isolated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) CH/GDGZ/2012 strain was obtained from the feces of diseased pigs in 2012 in southern China. We report the complete genome sequence of strain CH/GDGZ/2012, which might be useful for better understanding the molecular characteristics of this virus.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Encephalomyelitic Burkholderia pseudomallei Strain MSHR305
Authors: Stone Joshua K. , Johnson Shannon L. , Bruce David C. , Detter J. Chris , Mayo Mark , Currie Bart J. , Gelhaus H. Carl , Keim Paul , Tuanyok Apichai
Published: August 2013

We describe the complete genome sequence of
Burkholderia pseudomallei
MSHR305, a clinical isolate taken from a fatal encephalomyelitis case, a rare form of melioidosis. This sequence will be used for comparisons to identify the genes that are involved in neurological cases.
Draft Genome Sequences of Five Strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Strain CIP 76.13
T
, Isolated from Humans, Strains CIRM-BIA 442 and CIRM-BIA 445, Isolated from Dairy Products, and Strains DSM 20242 and DSM 9126 of Unknown Origin
Authors: Falentin Hélène , Cousin Sylvie , Clermont Dominique , Creno Sophie , Ma Laurence , Chuat Victoria , Loux Valentin , Rüdiger Pukall , Bizet Chantal , Bouchier Christiane
Published: August 2013

Lactobacillus acidophilus
is a natural inhabitant of mammalian gastrointestinal systems and is used in dairy and pharmaceutical products. Five draft genome sequences, covering 1,995,790 nucleotides (nt) on average, are divided into 19 to 34 scaffolds covering 1,995 to 2,053 genes. The draft genome sequences were compared to the sequence of the
L. acidophilus
NCFM dairy strain.
Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio cholerae O1 ElTor Strains 2011EL-301 and P-18785, Isolated in Russia
Authors: Kuleshov Konstantin V. , Vodop'ianov Sergey O. , Markelov Mikhail L. , Dedkov Vladimir G. , Kermanov Anton V. , Kruglikov Vladimir D. , Vodop'ianov Alexey S. , Pisanov Ruslan V. , Mazrukho Alexey B. , Shipulin German A.
Published: August 2013

We report the draft whole-genome sequences of two
Vibrio cholerae
O1 strains, the environmental toxigenic strain 2011EL-301 and the clinical nontoxigenic strain P-18785, both isolated in Russia. Some basic data comparing the two against the GenBank repository are provided.
Draft Genome Sequences of Lactobacillus equicursoris CIP 110162
T
and
Lactobacillus
sp. Strain CRBIP 24.137, Isolated from Thoroughbred Racehorse Feces and Human Urine, Respectively
Authors: Cousin Sylvie , Loux Valentin , Ma Laurence , Creno Sophie , Clermont Dominique , Bizet Chantal , Bouchier Christiane
Published: August 2013

We report the draft genome sequences of strain

Lactobacillus equi
cursoris

CIP 110162
T
, isolated from racehorse breed feces, and
Lactobacillus
sp. strain CRBIP 24.137, isolated from human urine; the two strains are closely related. The total lengths of the 116 and 62 scaffolds are about 2.157 and 2.358 Mb, with G+C contents of 46 and 45% and 2,279 and 2,342 coding sequences (CDSs), respectively.
Hospital care of children with a cleft in England
Authors: Fitzsimons Kate J , Copley Lynn P , Deacon Scott A , van der Meulen Jan H
Published: August 2013

Objective

To analyse hospital admissions in the first 2 years of life among children with cleft lip and/or palate in England.

Design

Analysis of national administrative data of hospital admissions.

Setting

National Health Service hospitals.

Patients

Patients born alive between 1997 and 2008 who underwent surgical cleft repair.

Outcome measures

Number of admissions, including the birth episode, and days spent in hospital were examined. Children were analysed according to cleft type and whether or not they had additional congenital anomalies.

Results

10 892 children were included. In their first 2 years, children without additional anomalies (n=8482) had on average 3.2 admissions and 13.2 days in hospital, which varied from 2.6 admissions and 9.2 days with cleft lip to 4.7 admissions and 19.7 days with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Children with additional anomalies (n=2410) had on average 6.7 admissions and 51.4 days in hospital, which varied from 6.4 admissions and 48.5 days with cleft palate to 8.8 admissions and 67.5 days with BCLP. The mean number and duration of cleft-related admissions was similar in children without (1.6 admissions and 6.4 days) and in those with additional anomalies (1.5 admissions and 8.5 days). 35.2% of children without additional anomalies had at least one emergency admission, whereas the corresponding figure was 67.3% with additional anomalies.

Conclusions

The burden of hospital care in the first 2 years of life varied according to cleft type and presence of additional anomalies. However, cleft-specific hospital care did not differ between children with and without additional anomalies.
Neonatal meningitis associated with osteomyelitis and epidural empyema
Authors: Vale Beatriz , Morais Sofia , Resende Cristina , Taborda Adelaide
Published: August 2013

Neonatal meningitis is a serious disease with signiﬁcant mortality and morbidity. Its signs and symptoms are subtle, non-specific, atypical or absent. Cephalohaematoma is frequent in newborns and complications are uncommon, including local infection after haematogenous spread in the setting of bacteraemia or meningitis with a possibility of osteomyelitis, epidural abscess and subdural empyema. We report the case of a late preterm newborn, with an unremarkable pregnancy, born by vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery that presented in the fifth day of life with irritability, fever and grunting. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures were positive forEscherichia coli. The patient had neurological deterioration despite adequate antibiotic therapy and brain MRI showed a right parietal epidural empyema, subcutaneous abscess, osteomyelitis and supratentorial hydrocephalus. The culture of the cephalohaematoma's abscess material was positive forE coli. Antibiotic therapy was continued for 8 weeks. The child, now 2 years old, has spastic tetraparesis with global development delay.
Correction of class II division I malocclusion after extraction using Roth prescription
Authors: Verma Santosh Kumar , Chauhan Arun , Rastogi Khushboo , Bhushan Rajarshi
Published: August 2013

A 19-year-old female patient with convex profile, posterior divergence having Angle's class II division 1 malocclusion with incompetent lips and rotations in various teeth was treated with fixed mechanotherapy. All the first premolars were extracted. Roth prescription of 0.022″×0.028″ slot was used. Proximal stripping was performed to correct a black triangle in the embrasure area in the upper anteriors. The entire treatment took about 15 months.
Unilateral adrenal infarction in pregnancy
Authors: Green Paul-Ann D , Ngai Ivan M , Lee Tony T , Garry David J
Published: August 2013

A 25-year-old pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestational age presented with increasing abdominal pain and was found to have a unilateral adrenal infarction on a CT scan of the abdomen. Her medical history was unremarkable. There was no evidence of adrenal insufficiency with normal cortisol and adenocorticotropic hormone levels for pregnancy. Evaluation of thrombophilia disorders established the patient to be heterozygous for methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase C677T gene mutation as the only finding. The patient was anticoagulated to prevent contralateral thrombosis. At 32 weeks she experienced spontaneous rupture of membranes. One week later she delivered vaginally and remained anticoagulated for the puerperium.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome revealing renal artery stenosis in a child
Authors: Benoist Gregoire , Dossier Claire , Elmaleh Monique , Dauger Stephane
Published: August 2013

A 14-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency department for repeated seizures with no fever. High blood pressure at admission was ascribed to the status epilepticus. Seizure recurrence promoted transfer to the paediatric intensive care unit. The MRI visualised bilateral, subcortical, white-matter lesions in the parietal and occipital lobes suggesting posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Continuous nicardipine infusion corrected the hypertension and neurological manifestations within a few hours. The diagnostic workup showed right renal artery stenosis. Blood pressure returned to normal values for age after right nephrectomy. She was discharged home without treatment. She had no residual neurological impairments. This case highlights the risk of misinterpreting sustained hypertension in children with repeated seizures. We briefly review paediatric PRES, which is rare as compared to adults. Increased awareness among critical care physicians, together with greater availability of cerebral MRI, is decreasing the time to diagnosis.
Indirect laminate veneer: a conservative novel approach
Authors: Prajapati Paranjay , Sethuraman Rajesh , Naveen Y G , Patel Jayanti R
Published: August 2013

Various treatment options and materials are available for restoration of an endodontically treated tooth. Laminate veneer is conservative treatment usually employed for aesthetic correction or improvement. The indirect composite is available in a wide range of shades and specific characterisation is easily performed chair side in the operatory area, which makes it a quick procedure and time saving for both the patient and the dentist. The physical properties and optical properties are good enough to use it as indirect restorative material, so in this particular case it was the material of choice for fabrication of laminate veneer on anterior tooth. In this case, the endodontically treated tooth with a fractured incisal edge was restored with indirect composite material.
A fatal case of pure metaphyseal chondroblastoma
Authors: Binesh Fariba , Moghadam Reza Nafisi , Abrisham Jalil
Published: August 2013

The chondroblastoma (CB) is a rare cartilaginous tumour; it represents less than 1% of all bone tumours. It is mostly localised at the level of the epiphysis of long bones. We report a fatal case of pure metaphyseal CB of the tibia in a 9-year-old boy whose pulmonary metastases developed soon after operative therapy of the primary tumour.
Aesthetic finger prosthesis with silicone biomaterial
Authors: Raghu K M , Gururaju C R , Sundaresh K J , Mallikarjuna Rachappa
Published: August 2013

The fabrication of finger prosthesis is as much an art as it is science. The ideally constructed prosthesis must duplicate the missing structures so precisely that patients can appear in public without fear of attracting unwanted attraction. A 65-years-old patient reported with loss of his right index finger up to the second phalanx and wanted to get it replaced. An impression of the amputated finger and donor were made. A wax pattern of the prosthesis was fabricated using the donor impression; a trial was performed and flasked. Medical grade silicone was intrinsically stained to match the skin tone, following which it was packed, processed and finished. This clinical report describes a method of attaining retention by selective scoring of the master cast of partially amputated finger to enhance the vacuum effect at par with the proportional distribution of the positive forces on the tissues exerted by the prosthesis.
Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle causing thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Watson Hannah Isabella , Hopper Graeme Philip , Kovacs Peter
Published: August 2013

A 7-year-old girl presented with an asymptomatic right supraclavicular swelling. Radiographs were interpreted as showing a non-union of her clavicle. No treatment was given at this time. However, she represented 12 years later with right upper limb pain and altered sensation. Examination revealed a positive Allen's test on the right. Repeat radiographs demonstrated a pseudarthrosis of the clavicle, associated with a secondary complication of thoracic outlet syndrome with vascular and neurological complications present. Non-operative management failed to relieve her symptoms. Operative intervention successfully treated her symptoms.
Spontaneous intestinal haematoma associated with neurofibromatosis type-1
Authors: Hassan Syed , Yee Victoria , Amer Syed , Alkhatib Yaser
Published: August 2013

Vasculopathy in patients with neurofibromatosis-1 are rare but serious and have potentially life-threatening complications. It mostly involves the thoracic, abdominal and intracranial vessels. In this case study we describe the first reported case of spontaneous intestinal haematoma in a young male patient. The first episode occurred at the age of 30, following which 2 years later the second episode was noted at the same anatomical site, which was spontaneous without any inciting event.
Recurrent pneumatosis intestinalis in a patient with dermatomyositis
Authors: Zarbalian Yousef , von Rosenvinge Erik C , Twadell William , Mikdashi Jamal
Published: August 2013

A 51-year-old woman with dermatomyositis (DM) on chronic immunosuppressive therapy was hospitalised for evaluation of haematuria. Surprisingly, abdominal imaging demonstrated pneumoperitoneum and pneumatosis intestinalis (PI). Her abdominal examination and white cell count were normal, but she subsequently developed nausea and fever. Owing to concern for perforation, a hemicolectomy was performed. Pathology revealed PI without inflammatory, ischaemic or neoplastic features, and she recovered uneventfully. Her immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued. Six months later, a follow-up CT of the abdomen revealed recurrence of PI. As she was asymptomatic, she was managed conservatively with resolution of PI on subsequent imaging. PI is characterised by the presence of gas within the wall of the intestine. Its aetiology is often unclear but this case highlights the association between PI and both immunosuppressive therapy and DM. A review of PI in patients with DM suggests that clinically stable patients may be observed, while avoiding surgical intervention.
Determinants of death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Neel Caroline , Lo Chris , Rydall Anne , Hales Sarah , Rodin Gary
Published: August 2013

Objective

To examine the presence of death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer and to identify the psychosocial and disease-related factors associated with it.

Design

Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a phase 2 pilot intervention trial.

Setting

Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.

Participants

60 adult outpatients with metastatic breast, endocrine, gastrointestinal, gynaecological, genitourinary and lung cancer.

Main outcome measure

Death anxiety, as measured by the Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS).

Results

Thirty-two per cent of the sample reported death anxiety of at least moderate severity. The most distressing concern involved fears about the impact of one's death on others, and the least distressing concerns were related to dying alone or suddenly. According to regression analyses, death anxiety was negatively associated with self-esteem, b=−1.73, CI0.95(−2.57 to −0.90) and positively associated with physical symptom burden, b=1.38, CI0.95(0.44 to 2.31), having children under 18 years of age in the family, b=13.3, CI0.95(2.15 to 24.5), and age, b=0.40, CI0.95(0.0023 to 0.79). The physical symptoms most strongly associated with death anxiety were changes in physical appearance, b=18.8, CI0.95(8.21 to29.5), and pain, b=10.1, CI0.95(0.73 to 19.5).

Conclusions

The findings suggest that death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer is common and determined by the interaction of individual factors, family circumstances and physical suffering. Multidimensional interventions that take into account these and other factors may be most likely to be effective to alleviate this death-related distress.
Genomic profiling of plasma cell disorders in a clinical setting: integration of microarray and FISH, after CD138 selection of bone marrow
Authors: Berry Nadine Kaye , Bain Nicole L , Enjeti Anoop K , Rowlings Philip
Published: August 2013

Aim

To evaluate the role of whole genome comparative genomic hybridisation microarray (array-CGH) in detecting genomic imbalances as compared to conventional karyotype (GTG-analysis) or myeloma specific fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) panel in a diagnostic setting for plasma cell dyscrasia (PCD).

Methods

A myeloma-specific interphase FISH (i-FISH) panel was carried out on CD138 PC-enriched bone marrow (BM) from 20 patients having BM biopsies for evaluation of PCD. Whole genome array-CGH was performed on reference (control) and neoplastic (test patient) genomic DNA extracted from CD138 PC-enriched BM and analysed.

Results

Comparison of techniques demonstrated a much higher detection rate of genomic imbalances using array-CGH. Genomic imbalances were detected in 1, 19 and 20 patients using GTG-analysis, i-FISH and array-CGH, respectively. Genomic rearrangements were detected in one patient using GTG-analysis and seven patients using i-FISH, while none were detected using array-CGH. I-FISH was the most sensitive method for detecting gene rearrangements and GTG-analysis was the least sensitive method overall. All copy number aberrations observed in GTG-analysis were detected using array-CGH and i-FISH.

Conclusions

We show that array-CGH performed on CD138-enriched PCs significantly improves the detection of clinically relevant and possibly novel genomic abnormalities in PCD, and thus could be considered as a standard diagnostic technique in combination with IGH rearrangement i-FISH.
Histological evaluation of preoperative mediastinoscopy lymph node biopsies in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Dhaliwal Catharine Ann , Andrews Timothy D , Walker William S , Wallace William A
Published: August 2013

Introduction

Despite the advent of PET scanning and endoscopic minimally invasive methods of sampling mediastinal lymph nodes, surgical assessment, particularly by mediastinoscopy, remains an important tool for staging non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods

We carried out a retrospective review of mediastinoscopic lymph node biopsies taken at The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh between 1996 and 2006 and performed additional histological investigations on select cases.

Results

In total, 89/802 (11%) patients had a negative mediastinoscopy but final resection stage of N2/N3. Within this group, 41/89 (46%) patients had positive resection lymph nodes in stations potentially accessible to biopsy at mediastinoscopy. Of these, 30 (34%) patients had had the metastatic station sampled at mediastinoscopy. Further histopathological examination (multiple levels and pancytokeratin immunohistochemistry) of these original biopsies detected micrometastases in two cases, one of which, in retrospect, had been missed on the original section at the time of reporting. Isolated tumour cells were detected by immunohistochemistry in another two cases.

Conclusions

Routine examination of additional levels and immunohistochemical staining of mediastinal lymph nodes biopsies is not required and would not improve the overall negative predictive value of the procedure.