bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental determination of Henry's law constants of
difluoromethane (HFC-32) and the salting-out effects in aqueous salt
solutions relevant to seawater
Authors: Kutsuna Shuzo
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Gas-to-water equilibrium coefficients, KeqS (in M atm−1) of difluoromethane (CH2F2), a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant (HFC-32), in aqueous salt solutions relevant to seawater were determined over a temperature (T) range from 276 to 313 K and a salinity (S) range up to 51 ‰ by means of an inert-gas stripping method. From the van't Hoff equation, the KeqS value in water, which corresponds to the Henry's law constant (KH), at 298 K was determined to be 0.064 M atm−1. The salinity dependence of KeqS (the salting-out effect), ln(KH/KeqS), did not obey the Sechenov equation but was represented by an equation involving S and S0.5. Overall, the KeqS(T) value was expressed by ln(KeqS(T)) = −49.7122 + 77.7018 × (100/T) + 19.1379 × ln(T/100) + [−0.2261 + 0.5176 × (T/100)] × S0.5 + [0.0362 − 0.1046 × (T/100)] × S. By using this equation in a lower tropospheric semi-hemisphere (30° S–90° S) of the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) 12-box model, we estimated that 1 to 5 % of the atmospheric burden of CH2F2 resided in the ocean mixed layer and that this percentage was at least 5 % in the winter; dissolution of CH2F2 in the ocean may partially influence estimates of CH2F2 emissions from long-term observational data of atmospheric CH2F2 concentrations.
Assessment of Irrigation Physics in a Land Surface Modeling
Framework using Non-Traditional and Human-Practice Datasets
Authors: Lawston Patricia M. , Santanello, Jr. Joseph A. , Franz Trenton E. , Rodell Matthew
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Irrigation increases soil moisture, which in turn controls water and energy fluxes from the land surface to the planetary boundary layer and determines plant stress and productivity. Therefore, developing a realistic representation of irrigation is critical to understanding land-atmosphere interactions in agricultural areas. Irrigation parameterizations are becoming more common in land surface models and are growing in sophistication, but there is difficulty in assessing the realism of these schemes, due to limited observations (e.g., soil moisture, evapotranspiration) and scant reporting of irrigation timing and quantity. This study uses the Noah land surface model run at high resolution within NASA's Land Information System to assess the physics of a sprinkler irrigation simulation scheme and model sensitivity to choice of irrigation intensity and greenness fraction datasets over a small, high resolution domain in Nebraska. Differences between experiments are small at the interannual scale, but become more apparent at seasonal and daily time scales. In addition, this study uses point and gridded soil moisture observations from fixed and roving Cosmic Ray Neutron Probes and co-located human practice data to evaluate the realism of irrigation amounts and soil moisture impacts simulated by the model. Results show that field-scale heterogeneity resulting from the individual actions of farmers is not captured by the model and the amount of irrigation applied by the model exceeds that applied at the two irrigated fields. However, the seasonal timing of irrigation and soil moisture contrasts between irrigated and non-irrigated areas are simulated well by the model. Overall, the results underscore the necessity of both high-quality meteorological forcing data and proper representation of irrigation for accurate simulation of water and energy states and fluxes over cropland.
Potential of kite-borne photogrammetry for decimetric and kilometre square 3D mapping: an application for automatic gully detection
Authors: Feurer Denis , Planchon Olivier , El Maaoui Mohamed Amine , Boussema Mohamed Rached , Pierrot-Deseilligny Marc
Published: February 2017

Abstract. This work proposes an alternative method to answer the issue of quasi-exhaustive mapping of erosion features on kilometre square areas by remote sensing. This study presents a method to produce decimetric Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with kite aerial photography and an algorithm to map gully erosion from these DEMs. Kite aerial photography is robust and cheap in comparison to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The use of such a simple apparatus is made possible if the flight angle of the kite is steady. Experimentation and modelling show that this goal can be reached with these two predetermined conditions: the right kite must be used in the right wind and the line must be light and thin. In our study, we used a 10 m2 framed delta kite in 4–5 Beaufort winds using a Dyneema® line of 1 mm in diameter and 0.5 g/m in weigth for image acquisition on the day of experiment. Within two successive flights, 752 images were acquired. The photogrammetric software used was Micmac, an open-source software written and maintained by the French national institute of geographic and forest information (IGN). It allowed to obtain DEM covering 3.18 km2. Geographical reference was given by 8 ground points and 469 independent points were surveyed for validation. Estimated mean error on altitudes was 0.07 m and standard deviation of this error 0.22 m, for a 0.11 m ground sampling distance. In order to illustrate the potential of such detailed DEMs at the watershed scale, a simple gully detection algorithm was briefly described and implemented. As with several others, the method does not refer to the relationship between slope and drainage area but uses local convolution of the DEM. Considering a smoothed DEM as a proxy of the geomorphological process of gullies healing, proposed gully detection algorithm relies on substracting smoothed DEM from the original DEM. The depth of each feature is then estimated and only the bulkier elements are kept as potential gullies. Despite our algorithm detecting undesired artefacts – most of them being man-made structures such as houses and roads – all gully heads and all channels are detected. Therefore results show the benefits of the production and use of decimetric DEMs on an entire kilometre square watershed with kite-borne imagery.
Connected subglacial lake drainage beneath Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica
Authors: Smith Benjamin E. , Gourmelen Noel , Huth Alexander , Joughin Ian
Published: February 2017

Abstract. We present conventional and swath altimetry data from CryoSat-2, revealing a system of subglacial lakes that drained between June 2013 and January 2014 under the central part of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica (TWG). Much of the drainage happened in less than 6 months, with an apparent connection between three lakes spanning more than 130 km. Hydro-potential analysis of the glacier bed shows a large number of small closed basins that should trap water produced by subglacial melt, although the observed large-scale motion of water suggests that water can sometimes locally move against the apparent potential gradient, at least during lake-drainage events. This shows that there are important limitations in the ability of hydro-potential maps to predict subglacial water flow. An interpretation based on a map of the melt rate suggests that lake drainages of this type should take place every 20–80 years, depending on the connectivity of the water flow at the bed. Although we observed an acceleration in the downstream part of TWG immediately before the start of the lake drainage, there is no clear connection between the drainage and any speed change of the glacier.
Caught between Aristotle and Miss Marple… – A Proposal for a Perceptual Prototype Approach to “Estuary English”
Authors: Altendorf Ulrike
Published: February 2017

More than thirty years after the term was coined by David Rosewarne (1984), linguists have not come anywhere near to agreeing on a linguistically sound definition of the concept of ‘Estuary English’ (EE). Nevertheless, the term has come to stay. According to John Wells (2013), “we can now expect to be readily understood if we describe someone's speech as ‘estuarial’”. In this paper, I will argue that ‘Estuary English’ is the name for a heuristic conceived of and popularized by linguistic laypeople and therefore defying expert linguistic analysis in terms of Aristotelian categories, even sociolinguistically “enlightened” ones. Following Taylor (2003) and Kristiansen (2008), I will suggest describing the resulting folk-linguistic category in terms of the graded structure/prototype approach. In support of the prototype hypothesis, I will present data from an on-going project in perceptual dialectology. It includes judgements of gradience of membership of 171 speakers from the South East of England, the Midlands and Scotland. Asked to rate the recordings of three young middle-class speakers from three Southeastern towns, these speaker-listeners are remarkably consistent in their responses and sometimes remarkably at odds with the analysis of expert linguists.
El camino hacia la efectividad del derecho ambiental
Authors: Peña Chacón Mario
Published: February 2017

El principal problema actual del derecho ambiental es su falta de efectividad, existiendo claras falencias tanto en el logro de sus objetivos y metas, como en su aplicación y cumplimiento sostenido y recurrente. Ante tal problemática, el presente trabajo pretende exponer las principales causas generadoras de inefectividad del derecho ambiental, analizar sus efectos y consecuencias, así como explorar posibles soluciones que le permitan salir del estado actual de teatralidad y alcanzar efectividad y eficiencia plena, y con ello satisfacer el fin superior de conservación y uso racional, sostenible, equitativo y solidario de los bienes y servicios ambientales.
Interpolación de splines cúbicos para estimaciones en elaboración de tablas de mortalidad para Honduras
Authors: Canizales Miranda Christian Samuel
Published: February 2017

El instrumento básico para el estudio cuantitativo de la supervivencia es conocido como Tabla de Mortalidad o Tabla de Vida. Las tablas de mortalidad son un modelo teórico de los hechos de mortalidad vividos por una cohorte hipotética de nacidos en una misma fecha, desde el momento inicial del nacimiento hasta la extinción completa de la cohorte por la exclusiva acción de la mortalidad. Las tablas de mortalidad son una variable esencial para la determinación de las reservas para las pensiones como de los recursos requeridos para mantener el principio básico de la sostenibilidad financiera del sistema en el mediano y largo plazo. El método de estimación de tablas presentado en esta investigación, no pretende sustituir los métodos convencionales de elaboración de tablas de mortalidad, es simplemente para estimar las tablas cuando se dispone de poca información. Pero se espera que en el mediano plazo el país tome conciencia de la importancia de las mismas, y trabaje con todas las organizaciones para la recolección de información adecuada y poder elaborar las tablas de la forma convencional que resulta ser la que mejor describe las probabilidades del grupo en observación. Si los gobiernos desean realmente estimular una mejora social para las personas en edad de retiro, y que las personas mayores tengan jubilaciones apropiadas es importante que se elaboren tablas adecuadas para garantizar la estabilidad del sistema.
Técnicas de análisis estadístico multivariado: Una aplicación para el sector bancario hondureño
Authors: Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge , Gómez Dorta Rafael
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo presenta un procedimiento para la medición, el análisis y la identificación de oportunidades de mejora de la calidad de los servicios en el sector bancario hondureño, así como la determinación del Índice de Satisfacción del Cliente (ISC) a partir de la identificación de las variables críticas de calidad de dichos servicios. El procedimiento utilizado toma en cuenta el concepto de calidad del servicio y los modelos de medición más reconocidos e integra elementos de: investigación cualitativa, estadística multivariada y calidad. Se realiza el análisis de la calidad con una óptica integral, lo que permite conocer cuáles son las dimensiones de la calidad del servicio analizado y establecer un estado comparativo con las investigaciones realizadas. Se determina cuáles son los atributos que discriminan en el estado de satisfacción del cliente, lo que permite mantener un estado de control sobre dichas variables. Se utilizan como técnicas estadísticas fundamentales, el análisis descriptivo, el análisis factorial y el análisis discriminante, con el uso de los Software SPSS 17.0 y el STATGRAPHICS CENTURION. Como resultado final se concluye que los clientes evalúan a los servicios del banco en base a tres dimensiones proyectadas (conveniencia, capacidad de respuesta y visibilidad) y por tanto el banco debe sobresalir en ellas para proyectar una buena imagen. Además, existen cinco variables que discriminan en cuanto a la satisfacción del cliente a las cuales se debe prestar la debida atención para un índice de satisfacción elevado.
Nefropatía Crónica Mesoamericana: Llamado a resolver multidisciplinariamente un misterio médico en Honduras
Authors: Valladares Sánchez Menfiss , Vásquez Ortiz Jairo , Hernández Maradiaga Julia Nohemy , Álvarez Suhaily Varinia , Cerrato Carlos Noé , Linares Ochoa Nery , Funes Karla , Barahona Fidel , Benítez Edgardo , Durón Reyna M.
Published: February 2017

La Enfermedad Renal Crónica (ERC) se manifiesta de forma multisistémica por diferentes procesos fisiopatológicos originados por anormalidades de la función renal y el deterioro progresivo de la tasa de filtración glomerular. Las causas más frecuentes de la enfermedad son la nefropatía diabética y la nefropatía hipertensiva. Sin embargo, se ha reportado la existencia de la Nefropatía Crónica Mesoamericana (NCM) en la región sur en la costa del Pacífico de Mesoamérica. Se ha sugerido que la causa podría ser ambiental, relacionándose a la deshidratación y la exposición a agroquímicos. Para reducir la epidemia, son necesarias la prevención y la detección temprana especialmente en los grupos de riesgo. Esto requiere del esfuerzo colaborativo de investigadores biomédicos, biólogos, químicos y otros.
Non-Isochronous Musical Meters: Towards a Multidimensional Model
Authors: Johansson Mats
Published: February 2017

This article examines different concepts and models of musical meter in light of a case that illustrates some of the challenges of developing a general theory. More precisely, in the musical example analyzed—a Swedish Polska tune—there seemingly are no isochronous metric levels (measure, beat, subdivision). Given this observation, the aim is to consider the explanatory potential of different models of metrical coherence as well as to suggest some new avenues of enquiry. The article concludes by offering an alternative framework for understanding how temporal relationships can be controlled and form coherent patterns despite vast irregularities.
From Agricultural Tool to Identity Symbol: Musical and Socio-Political Change in the Pestle-and-Mortar Music of the Natuna Archipelago, Indonesia
Authors: Kartomi Margaret
Published: February 2017

For centuries the Islanders in remote Bunguran played pestle-and-mortar music with cosmological associations to lighten the chore of stamping husks off rice grain. Different villages developed their own musical syntax, terminology, and repertoire to play at domestic celebrations. Discovery of natural gas in the 1960s led to weakened communal life, while the subsequent stamping of corn and seeds instead of rice required less group energy for music-making and new secular associations. In 2004 Natuna Regency chose the pestle-and-mortar music as a Malay identity emblem which will help it survive, with domestic participatory performances continuing alongside presentational performances for government, corporate and tourist audiences.
Francis La Flesche and Ethnography: Writing, Power, Critique
Authors: Graber Katie
Published: February 2017

Francis La Flesche, an early ethnographer who grew up in the Omaha tribe, has much to teach us about representing peoples and ways of life. By examining writings by and about La Flesche during his lifetime, we can see that he engaged and challenged power structures on many levels and in many contexts. La Flesche worked as an informant and interpreter, and wrote autobiographical, fictional, and ethnographic works. In his writings, both the content and structure tended to disrupt emic and etic perspectives and address the complexities of representing subjectivity and culture.
Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge and attitude regarding pain management of children in Upper Egypt
Authors: Gadallah Marzoka Abd El-Aziz , Hassan Atyat Mohammed Hassan , Shargawy Soad Abd El-Hamied
Published: February 2017

Pain assessment and management require nurses to be equipped with adequate knowledge and proper attitudes. This research aimed to assess undergraduate nursing students' knowledge and attitude regarding pain management in children. Descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilized. This work was implemented at Faculty of Nursing in Assiut University. The study subjects consisted of convenient sample of undergraduate nursing students at third and fourth year during the academic year 2015-2016. One tool was used for this study consisted of two parts: part I: Demographic questionnaire, and part II: Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS). Fifty-six percent of undergraduate nursing students had unsatisfactory score regarding PNKAS. The highest percentage 76.2% of participating students had less than 50% of total score of knowledge and attitude regarding pain especially to pharmacological information. The study concluded that  nursing students had poor knowledge and attitude regarding pain management by using PNKAS especially in the part of pain assessment and pharmacological pain management. The more contact with pediatric patients the higher the knowledge and positive attitudes among undergraduate nursing students. The study recommended that the pediatric staff should review the curriculum to enrich more about assessment and management of pain.
New insights into the phylogeny and relationships within the worldwide genus Riccardia (Aneuraceae, Marchantiophytina)
Authors: Rabeau Lucile , Gradstein S. Robbert , Dubuisson Jean-Yves , Nebel Martin , Quandt Dietmar , Reeb Catherine
Published: February 2017

With 280 accepted species, the genus Riccardia S.F.Gray (Aneuraceae) is one of the most speciose genera of simple thalloid liverworts. The current classification of this genus is based on morphological and limited-sampling molecular studies. Very few molecular data are available and a comprehensive view of evolutionary relationships within the genus is still lacking. A phylogeny focusing on relationships within the large genus Riccardia has not been conducted. Here we propose the first worldwide molecular phylogeny of the genus Riccardia, based on Bayesian inference and parsimony ratchet analyses of sequences from three plastid regions (psbA-trnH, rps4, trnL-F). The results support the monophyly of Riccardia and a new monospecific genus, Afroriccardia Reeb & Gradst. gen. nov., is described based on molecular and morphological evidence. The results indicate that several currently recognized infrageneric divisions and a few species are not monophyletic, suggesting that further analyses are needed to arrive at a proper understanding of the phylogeny of the genus. Although evidence for an Andean clade was found, most of the species appear scattered in different clades without clear geographical segregation. Broader sampling and further analyses are necessary in order to improve our understanding of the phylogeny of this poorly known liverwort genus.
Practical Considerations for Implementing Nitrosamine Control Strategies
Authors: Russell Caroline G. , Brown Richard A. , Porter Katie , Reckhow David
Published: February 2017

The US Environmental Protection Agency included five nitrosamines, including N‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), on the fourth Contaminant Candidate List, indicating its consideration of these contaminants for potential regulatory determination. If nitrosamines are regulated, affected water systems and regulators will need to consider simultaneous compliance, risk balancing, operational, and cost impacts of implementing control strategies. This study showed that site‐specific data are lacking on the source(s) of NDMA, hindering the ability of a water utility to identify optimal control strategies for their system. A framework is presented to guide water systems through initial steps to assess nitrosamine sources, control strategies, and unintended consequences as they plan for potential regulations.
Control of Nitrosamines, THMs, and HAAs in Heavily Impacted Water with O3‐BAC
Authors: Liao Xiaobin , Chen Chao , Yuan Baoling , Wang Jun , Zhang Xiaojian
Published: February 2017

Comprehensive control of regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), as well as nitrosamines, is needed to address forthcoming regulations. The formation potentials (FPs) of these disinfection by‐products (DBPs) with chlorination (Cl2) and chloramination (NH2Cl) were investigated along the treatment train of a conventional and ozone‐biologically active carbon (O3‐BAC) process. The nitrosamines FP‐NH2Cl, THM FP‐Cl2, and HAA FP‐Cl2 in heavily impacted source water in China were as high as 333 ng/L, 307 µg/L, and 247 µg/L, respectively, indicating that there was a high risk of DBP formation in the finished water. A combination of conventional and O3‐BAC processes reduced nitrosamine FP‐NH2Cl to 39 ng/L, achieving an 88% removal. This process also reduced THM FP‐Cl2 and HAA FP‐Cl2 to 197 and 174 µg/L, with fairly low removals of 36 and 29.5%, respectively. The strategy for this water was to apply conventional and O3‐BAC processes to substantially eliminate nitrosamine precursors and then apply chloramination to control THMs and HAAs.
Recreos cooperativos e inclusivos a través de la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Vázquez Toledo Sandra , Liesa Orús Marta , Lozano Roy Rosa Mª Azucena
Published: February 2017

Este artículo presenta una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio llevada a cabo por la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación de Huesca. Dicha experiencia se ha materializado en un proyecto denominado Recreos cooperativos e inclusivos, cuya repercusión es trascendente puesto que se está llevando a cabo en diez centros públicos de la etapa de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la ciudad de Huesca. A partir de la misma hemos podido constatar como los estudiantes de Magisterio desarrollan competencias transversales del Grado, al mismo tiempo que brindan un servicio en el entorno próximo mejorando las interacciones que se establecen en los recreos entre los niños de primaria y disminuyendo la exclusión social y las dinámicas segregacionistas y marginadoras que se ponían de manifiesto en los recreos.
Estereotipos del profesorado en torno al género y a la orientación sexual
Authors: Díaz de Greñu Domingo Sofía , Anguita Martínez Rocío
Published: February 2017

En el ámbito educativo continúan detectándose numerosas muestras de sexismo y homofobia. Es fundamental descubrir y erradicar los prejuicios que el profesorado continúa transmitiendo, especialmente, a través del currículum oculto. Para completar los trabajos realizados en los años 80 y 90 y ofrecer un análisis de la realidad en la segunda década del siglo XXI se interpretan, desde una perspectiva cualitativa y crítica, los datos recopilados en un registro anecdótico y diario de observaciones durante cuatro cursos en centros de secundaria de diferentes características en Castilla y León. Los resultados revelan que los estereotipos permanecen aún arraigados pese a los esfuerzos por mostrar un clima de igualdad. La investigación en esta línea debe continuar si buscamos un sistema educativo de calidad que responda a las demandas sociales.
Diferencias entre expectativas y logros en las competencias del Prácticum del Máster de Formación del Profesorado de Enseñanza Secundaria
Authors: Serrano Rodríguez Rocío
Published: February 2017

Conocer las expectativas sobre el modulo de Prácticum del Máster Formación del Profesorado de Enseñanza Secundaria (FPES) y las opiniones sobre el desarrollo de competencias en dicho modulo es la meta fundamental de esta investigación. Por ello hemos encuestado a 353 alumnos y alumnas del Máster de la Universidad de Córdoba, usando un cuestionario de escala Likert que nos ha permitido comparar las opiniones sobre la importancia atribuida y el desarrollo alcanzado en tales competencias. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre sus opiniones sobre tales aspectos, poniendo de manifiesto algunos logros y deficiencias del proceso formativo. Creemos que estos resultados son útiles para seguir avanzado en la investigación sobre el pensamiento inicial docente y desarrollar propuestas fundamentadas que contribuyan a mejorar la formación inicial del profesorado de secundaria en el futuro.
Comprendiendo los factores que afectan la transferencia de la formación permanente del profesorado. Propuestas de mejora
Authors: Tomàs-Folch Marina , Duran-Bellonch Mar
Published: February 2017

En este artículo se aborda la transferencia de la formación docente en la universidad.

 

Se presentan en este artículo los resultados de indagar cualitativamente en la comprensión de los factores del modelo Holton, Bates y Ruona (2000)  y de solicitar, a personas expertas, propuestas para incrementar la trasferencia.

Se llevan a cabo 3 entrevistas grupales (focus group) en las 3 universidades participantes en el estudio sobre la determinación de los factores para evaluar la transferencia en la universidad. En los grupos, compuestos por 21 personas con responsabilidades en la formación docente universitaria, se ahondó en los resultados cuantitativos obtenidos sobre los factores que afectan a la transferencia del aprendizaje. 

Se confirma la relevancia de los factores identificados en el cuestionario: diseño de la formación y aprendizaje realizado; apoyo del responsable docente; predisposición al cambio; recursos del entorno; feedback del estudiante; reconocimiento institucional; cultura docente del equipo de trabajo y organización personal del trabajo. Además, expertos y expertas aportan propuestas para incrementar la transferencia, confirmando y ampliando el significado de los factores que la facilitan o dificultan, relacionadas con lo personal, lo relativo al programa formativo y lo organizativo o cultural.
Compartiendo la mirada: una experiencia en práctica reflexiva para formación permanente
Authors: Lupión Cobos Teresa , Gallego García María Del Mar
Published: February 2017

La formación continua de los formadores es necesaria para la mejora escolar. Con el objetivo de perfeccionar sus procedimientos, el equipo asesor del Centro del Profesorado de Málaga desarrolló una formación en torno a la práctica reflexiva, trabajando directamente con el profesorado en la planificación, seguimiento y evaluación de  diversas acciones formativas, recogiendo este trabajo  una descripción detallada del proceso y un análisis de los resultados en torno a dos aspectos: para nuestro profesorado, de cara a futuras actuaciones y respecto al propio Equipo Asesor.

Del estudio realizado valoramos que, a pesar de algunas de las dificultades reflejadas en este artículo, se ha tratado de una experiencia sumamente enriquecedora tanto para asesorías como para profesorado participante. Asimismo, consideramos que la práctica reflexiva es una metodología que precisa de una formación en profundidad para poder aplicarse con verdadera eficacia.
Diseño y valoración de una investigación evaluativa. La enseñanza por competencias en Educación Física
Authors: Zapatero Ayuso Jorge Agustín , González Rivera María Dolores , Campos Izquierdo Antonio
Published: February 2017

El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer el desarrollo de una investigación evaluativa, empleada para valorar la aplicación del modelo competencial, y la valoración que hacen de este proceso sus participantes: un grupo de profesores de Educación Física de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid en Secundaria. Esta investigación fue desarrollada desde la complementariedad metodológica, cualitativa y cuantitativa, aplicando diversas técnicas e instrumentos en cuatro fases sucesivas: preliminar, de desarrollo, de continuidad y de valoración. Se exponen los resultados de la metaevaluación de los participantes, desarrollada en la fase de valoración. Los resultados muestran como este método de investigación fue valorado positivamente y conllevó cambios en el desempeño y la formación de los docentes para enseñar por competencias. La presentación de este estudio pretende favorecer la replicabilidad del mismo para la exploración del objeto de investigación en contextos similares o la exploración de nuevos problemas.
The Jiangnan Arsenal: A Microcosm of Translation and Ideological Transformation in 19th-century China
Authors: Lung Rachel
Published: February 2017

The Jiangnan Arsenal (1865-1912), a publicly-funded bureau dedicated to the production of military equipment in late Qing China (1664-1911), was established in response to China’s painful defeat in the two Opium Wars (1839-1842 and 1856-1860). The Arsenal’s translation department, staffed by a total of fifty Chinese scholars and nine Westerners at different times, was set up in 1868 to translate and publish translations of Western books and treatises on science and technology. It was the first official unit charged with this task. Its stated pragmatic function was to assist the arsenal technicians in their production of weapons, although the translations were also marketed to outsiders. Viewed organically, the Arsenal’s translation department was in many ways a reflection of the ideological and social transformations experienced by China, the Chinese scribes, and the Western oral translators in the late 19thcentury. A study of this translation institution is therefore relevant to translation studies in three regards. First, the Arsenal’s four decades of existence and its emphasis on the function of translation suggest the importance of translation to imperial China’s pursuit of modernization. Second, the voluminous translated texts published by the Arsenal reflect the collaborative efforts of Western missionaries and Chinese literati, typical in the second half of the 19thcentury. Third, the Arsenal’s combined role, encompassing both translation and publication, inspired the emergence of journals that published translated articles on Western science, technology, social sciences, and literature at the turn of the 20thcentury. China’s modernization agenda was significantly advanced by the resulting broader exposure to Western ideas, even though the direct role played by the Arsenal remained rather limited.
“Mysteries divulged”: Philemon Holland’s Paratexts and the Translation of Pliny’s Natural History in Early Modern England
Authors: Belle Marie-Alice
Published: February 2017

This paper seeks to situate Philemon Holland’s 1601 translation of Pliny’sNatural Historyin the context of the development of early modern English science. While Holland’s Pliny has traditionally been studied in terms of the early modern reception of the Classics, the establishment of an English rhetoric of translation and the development of English prose, this paper focuses on the discursive and paratextual strategies at work in Holland’s rendering of the botanical and medical books of Pliny’sNatural History. Drawing on and broadening Genette’s definition of paratexts as liminary spaces of authorial—or translatorial—control and self-fashioning, the paper explores the complexities of Holland’s self-defined translation project as the “divulging” of Pliny’s medical and botanical knowledge to a broadened readership. Whereas the prefaces to both volumes of theNatural Historyrely on the rhetoric ofutilitas, or usefulness, to span the spectrum of potential readers, from schoolchildren and “inferior readers” to Humanist scholars and physicians, a closer analysis of the marginal annotations in books XIX to XXVII of theNatural Historyshows Holland integrating the Continental tradition of learned commentary denouncing the factual, interpretive, and methodological errors in Pliny’s treatise. It is argued that the resulting tension between text and paratext, and between Holland’s prefaces and other kinds of liminary material, ultimately reflects changing attitudes towards ancient science, and the very nature of scientific knowledge in early modern England.
Un traducteur médical au XIXe siècle : Gustave Borginon et l’antisepsie
Authors: Olivier-Bonfils Delphine
Published: February 2017

Certains auteurs ont affirmé que le traducteur du XIXe siècle portait entièrement le projet de traduction, du choix de l’auteur et de son texte à celui de l’éditeur. Dans certains cas, son intervention a donné lieu à des protestations de la part des auteurs eux-mêmes, Darwin, reniant les traductions de sa théorie sur l’évolution par Clémence Royer par exemple. On peut faire cependant l’hypothèse que, dans un domaine pratique comme celui de la chirurgie où l’on transmet plutôt des techniques à appliquer que des théories bouleversant la vision du monde, le texte traduit se présente essentiellement comme un transfert de données factuelles du texte source dans la langue cible. L’analyse détaillée de la traduction (1882) par Gustave Borginon des écrits de Joseph Lister exposant le principe de l’antisepsie met en évidence une attitude plus nuancée, soit une fidélité que l’on pourrait qualifier de « fonctionnelle », parce qu’elle préserve tous les détails pratiques de la méthode antiseptique. Cependant, les références à la filiation existant entre le principe antiseptique et la théorie des germes de Pasteur sont fortement atténuées. De la même manière, les certitudes affichées par Lister sont clairement modérées. Un certain nombre d’indices incitent cependant à penser que l’auteur n’était pas étranger à des modifications qui semblent destinées à favoriser l’acceptation, par des chirurgiens français encore réticents, d’une pratique innovante et salvatrice.
La traduction des connaissances scientifiques en arabe : état des lieux, défis et perspectives
Authors: Odeh Akram
Published: February 2017

Comme ce fut le cas dans le passé, la traduction est, pour le monde arabe, la voie royale pour accéder aux connaissances modernes. Aussi l’état de la traduction de et vers l’arabe est-il d’actualité depuis deux décennies. Cette contribution confronte diachroniquement les différents états des lieux de ce transfert. Elle cherche à mettre au jour les obstacles qui entravent son épanouissement tout en plaçant sa problématique dans un contexte socioéconomique et politique. L’héritage culturel arabe de jadis étant inadéquat pour le XXIe siècle, cette étude souligne l’importance /de s’inspirer des expériences réussies des autres nations modernes pour traduire les savoirs actuels.
La collaboration entre les parents et les travailleuses sociales oeuvrant dans une clinique spécialisée pour les premières psychoses
Authors: Morin Marie-Hélène , St-Onge Myreille
Published: February 2017

Cet article porte un regard sur l’état des lieux concernant l’intervention familiale dans le contexte d’un premier épisode psychotique (PEP). Il vise à documenter les composantes de la relation de collaboration entre 54 parents et des travailleuses sociales oeuvrant dans une clinique spécialisée pour les premières psychoses à Québec. Il vise également à dégager, du point de vue des parents, ce qui a favorisé ou contraint la relation de collaboration. Les résultats indiquent qu’une grande partie de la collaboration repose sur les compétences relationnelles des travailleuses sociales, de même que leurs connaissances et leur expérience auprès des familles et des jeunes. Plus encore, le discours des parents a permis de dégager que l’engagement profond des intervenantes a un important rôle à jouer dans l’établissement de pratiques collaboratives. Par ailleurs, les résultats obtenus lèvent le voile sur certaines contraintes rencontrées dans la pratique, notamment la question de la confidentialité, de même que la manière d’engager le système familial dans l’intervention, à tout le moins, les membres qui exercent un rôle de soutien dans la famille. Des recommandations à l’égard de l’intervention familiale et la pratique du travail social sont suggérées.
Quelle place pour la connaissance de soi dans la formation en travail social?
Authors: Beauchesne Marie
Published: February 2017

Le développement de compétences basées sur les meilleures connaissances scientifiques, l’efficacité de la pratique et l’adoption de standards éthiques ont guidé l’évolution des programmes de formation en travail social. Pour certains enseignants, la prégnance de plus en plus forte de la perspective scientifique a impacté significativement la formation, au détriment d’approches éducatives postmodernes, qui seraient plus cohérentes avec les valeurs fondatrices du travail social. Les enjeux inhérents à la profession influencent en effet les manières dont sont pensés, conçus et enseignés les cursus de formation. Certains enseignants misent sur des stratégies pédagogiques favorisant le développement de la connaissance de soi chez leurs étudiants, afin, notamment, de les préparer à une utilisation judicieuse de soi dans la pratique. Cet article s’intéresse à ces pratiques pédagogiques émergentes, orientées vers le développement de la connaissance de soi, et cherche à déterminer dans quelles perspectives pédagogiques elles sont ancrées. Pour y arriver, nous proposons une exploration des différentes conceptions philosophiques de l’éducation, parfois contradictoires, qui ont forgé la pédagogie du travail social, ainsi qu’un examen des principaux courants pédagogiques l’ayant influencée. Une réflexion est aussi amorcée autour des concepts de soi et d’utilisation de soi dans la formation en travail social.
Cap-proximal nucleotides via differential eIF4E binding and alternative promoter usage mediate translational response to energy stress
Authors: Tamarkin-Ben-Harush Ana , Vasseur Jean-Jacques , Debart Françoise , Ulitsky Igor , Dikstein Rivka
Published: February 2017

Transcription start-site (TSS) selection and alternative promoter (AP) usage contribute to gene expression complexity but little is known about their impact on translation. Here we performed TSS mapping of the translatome following energy stress. Assessing the contribution of cap-proximal TSS nucleotides, we found dramatic effect on translation only upon stress. As eIF4E levels were reduced, we determined its binding to capped-RNAs with different initiating nucleotides and found the lowest affinity to 5'cytidine in correlation with the translational stress-response. In addition, the number of differentially translated APs was elevated following stress. These include novel glucose starvation-induced downstream transcripts for the translation regulators eIF4A and Pabp, which are also translationally-induced despite general translational inhibition. The resultant eIF4A protein is N-terminally truncated and acts as eIF4A inhibitor. The induced Pabp isoform has shorter 5'UTR removing an auto-inhibitory element. Our findings uncovered several levels of coordination of transcription and translation responses to energy stress.
ALINHAMENTO E VISÃO DA INDÚSTRIA NA PAUTA DOS ATORES DE INOVAÇÃO: O CASO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Silva Kelyane , Ichimura Gabriela , Cibillo Giselia Brito de Menezes , Garcia Neto Fabricius Nascimento , Coelho Carlos De Mello Rodrigues
Published: February 2017

Dada a relevância do setor industrial para a economia Fluminense, a Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FIRJAN) entende que a Inovação é um catalisador do desenvolvimento econômico e busca, de forma estratégica e sinérgica, a atuação conjunta no Sistema de Inovação. O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar o modelo de interação e alinhamento dos interesses da indústria fluminense à pauta de desenvolvimento dos outros agentes do Sistema Regional de Inovação para o horizonte 2016-2026. Foram utilizados métodos criativos e a abordagem do Design Thinking no processo para incentivar a colaboração, engajamento, velocidade e efetividade do trabalho na coleta de informações e verificação da sinergia entre os atores. Como resultado, verificou-se que os atores do sistema de inovação do Rio de Janeiro não atuam em completa dinâmica sistêmica quando se trata em convergência de ações em prol da Inovação, principalmente para o tema de Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual. No entanto, está alinhado para a importância de fomentar ações voltadas ao fortalecimento de novas tecnologia. A continuidade do trabalho poderá proporcionar um ambiente de sinergia das ações e informações que cada instituição tem proposto para o tema de inovação dos próximos anos.
INSTITUTO ALBERTO LUIZ COIMBRA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO E PESQUISA DE ENGENHARIA (COPPE): TRAJETÓRIA E DIRETRIZES DE UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EM TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOCIA
Authors: Vieira Eliciana Selvina Ferreira Mendes , Pinheiro-Machado Rita
Published: February 2017

A universidade detém, no ensino em nível de pós-graduação, uma das principais fontes de realização da atividade de pesquisa. A transmissão do conhecimento por ela gerado pode ocorrer mediante diferentes canais, sendo um deles a transferência de tecnologia, processo este não trivial, considerando-se, principalmente, o envolvimento de agentes do ambiente acadêmico. Diante de tal fato, as experiências sobre essa questão tornam-se chaves para novos aprendizados. Assim, este estudo realiza um exame qualitativo e exploratório sobre o Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia (COPPE) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). As reflexões oferecidas partem de três diretrizes expositivas: a formação histórica; as alianças estratégicas; e as diretrizes administrativas para analisar o êxito do Instituto na transferência do conhecimento tecnológico. E finaliza concluindo que a maturidade institucional é diretamente ligada a um longo processo de relações formais e informais, não limitando a possibilidade de assumir novos desafios.
DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL ATRAVÉS DO USO DA METODOLOGIA PARTICIPATIVA: ESTUDO DE CASO DA ALDEIA INDÍGENA XUCURU-KARIRI.
Authors: Costa Nogueira Ana Caroline , Imperador Adriana Maria
Published: February 2017

O presente estudo tem por objetivo diagnosticar ambientalmente uma área na comunidade indígena Xucuru-Kariri, na zona rural do município de Caldas/MG. O trabalho aborda a utilização da metodologia participativa ‘Diagnóstico Ambiental Participativo (DAP)’, como instrumento de levantamentos ambientais com foco na sensibilização para a preservação ambiental. O DAP mostrou-se muito eficiente e prático para diagnosticar ambientalmente uma área com base na visão dos envolvidos. O valor dado aos recursos naturais, por diversas vezes, é quase insignificante e compreendido erroneamente pela sociedade. A metodologia participativa tende a trabalhar os valores relacionados aos seres humanos e uso dos recursos naturais, objetivando o consumo consciente. No levantamento, constatou-se que a destinação correta dos resíduos, por muitas vezes, é falha e, em decorrência, é possível avistar depósitos irregulares dos mesmos nas dependências da aldeia. Desta forma, essa análise busca trazer a reflexão do uso do DAP a respeito da gestão dos resíduos sólidos em locais mais distantes, com o uso de práticas e técnicas participativas, construindo coletivamente o conhecimento para ações futuras em busca de uma vida sustentável.
VARIABILIDADE E CAUSAS NA GERAÇÃO DE VAZÃO EM BACIAS URBANAS: ESTUDO DE CASO DO RIACHO DO SAPO, MACEIÓ-AL
Authors: Barros Altair Maciel de , Passos das Neves Marllus Gustavo Ferreira , Henrique Diogo Carlos
Published: February 2017

Este artigo mostra como a oscilação das características físicas e da distribuição do uso e ocupação do solo influencia na variabilidade da magnitude da alteração da geração de escoamento em áreas urbanas. Em uma bacia hidrográfica da cidade de Maceió-AL (2,1 km2), foram definidos dois cenários, a partir de imagens históricas (setembro de 2002 e novembro de 2010), e observados, detalhadamente, o uso e a ocupação do solo nas 18 sub-bacias nas quais a bacia foi dividida. Foram avaliadas, de forma distribuída, as mudanças da fração de área impermeável e do parâmetro Curve Number (CN) do método do Soil Conservation Service (SCS) e, depois, a partir de simulação hidrológica, do percentual do volume escoado e da vazão de pico. A partir dos resultados, foi possível concluir que o uso de um modelo concentrado de forma distribuída por sub-bacias, aliado a um conhecimento detalhado da mesma e de imagens históricas evidenciam as magnitudes da alteração das variáveis envolvidas e apontam características físicas e os prováveis causadores dessa mudança.
LIMITAÇÕES DO AMBIENTE INSTITUCIONAL-NORMATIVO DE ACESSO AOS RECURSOS PÚBLICOS DO SANEAMENTO BÁSICO: Revisitando os aspectos apontados pela bibliografia
Authors: Almeida Hugo Vítor Dourado de , Moraes Luiz Roberto Santos , Santos Maria Elisabete Pereira dos , Borja Patrícia Campos
Published: February 2017

A área de saneamento básico no Brasil é caracterizada pela atuação de diversas entidades das diferentes esferas de governo (prefeituras, órgãos estaduais, prestadores, dentre outros). Dada a extensa variedade de entes envolvidos, considera-se que o ambiente institucional da área oferece diversos obstáculos para acesso aos recursos públicos disponíveis e para a concretização dos projetos, dificultando a universalização do acesso aos serviços. Este artigo visa a discutir aspectos apontados por bibliografia específica como limitadores da atuação interorganizacional e intergovernamental nas políticas públicas, e que podem dificultar o acesso aos recursos públicos da área. A metodologia utilizada consistiu em levantamento e análise crítica da bibliografia consultada, realizados a partir de artigos científicos, livros, dissertações, teses e documentos governamentais. Entre os aspectos verificados que podem representar limitações para acesso aos recursos incluem-se incompatibilidade entre normativos, cooperação interinstitucional, além da institucionalização dos procedimentos.
Evolução do Mecenato no Brasil: os valores movimentados através da Lei Rouanet despidos do véu da inflação (1996-2014)
Authors: Earp Fabio De Silos Sá , Estrella Luiz Manoel
Published: February 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os montantes monetários movimentados para investimento em cultura no Brasil através da Lei Rouanet, ao longo de um período de 18 anos, em valores reais, livres da distorção causada pela inflação. Este trabalho se justifica pois, infelizmente, é muito comum que nos estudos sobre a área da cultura sejam feitas comparações espúrias entre valores tornados tecnicamente incomparáveis pela variação dos preços. Espera-se que estas séries possam ajudar a corrigir este equívoco.
Economia Criativa, do discurso à realidade: o caso do Espaço Cultural Circo da Dona Bilica
Authors: Parada Adalto Aires , Dellagnelo Eloise Livramento , Will Fernanda
Published: February 2017

A partir dos anos de 1990 se observa tanto na Austrália como no Reino Unido o surgimento de uma nova proposta para o desenvolvimento econômico dos países, baseada em atividades que têm sua origem na criatividade, na habilidade e no talento, vislumbradas como potencialmente capazes de gerar riqueza e emprego. Esta nova perspectiva passou a ser reconhecida pela denominação de economia criativa. No Brasil, não diferentemente de outros países, a temática referente à economia criativa também despertou a atenção, porém é preciso não só entender o que está envolvido nessa nova construção simbólico-discursiva, mas também confrontá-la frente à realidade. Para tanto o objetivo deste artigo é o de apresentar a experiência de uma organização cultural sob a perspectiva empreendedora da economia criativa, cujo discurso inefável de sucesso, muitas vezes encobre as dificuldades existentes no campo cultural no Brasil.