bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Earnings Management Factors Analysis Using Earnings Quality as a Moderator (An Energy Firm Will Be Established On The Indonesia Stock Exchange Between 2015-2020)
Authors: Cahyani Nur Sry Nansih , Syahril Djaddang  , Sailendra
Published: December 2023

The desired outcome of the research is to examine and empirically establish the effect of tax planning, deferred tax assets, deferred tax expense, and profitability on earnings management in energy sector firms established on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2015-2020, with earnings quality as a moderating variable and leverage and firm size as control variables.  According to the research object's criteria, the samples used in this research were 11 firms from 78 in the energy sector. Purposive sampling was used in the research, along with the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) test. According to the result of this research, tax planning, deferred tax expense, and profitability, all have a positive effect on earnings management, but deferred tax assets have no effect. Earnings quality, as a moderating variable, can mitigate the effects of tax planning on earnings management, but cannot mitigate the effects of profitability on earnings management. Furthermore, leverage has no effect on earnings management as a control variable, whereas firm size has a negative effect on earnings management. This research's contribution is a discussion of research results and differences with previous research results and related theories, and it can be implemented in every company's management in its operations for policy-making and management decisions for firms, particularly in the energy sector
ensino de Geometria Espacial com realidade aumentada:
Authors: Cordeiro Batista Carolina , Monteiro Paulo Rosa , Pedroso Lemes Eufrasio Natália
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste texto é explicitar compreensões do professor de matemática que vivencia práticas de ensino de Geometria Espacial com Realidade Aumentada no contexto de um estudo de aula. Trata-se de uma discussão feita a partir de um recorte dos dados de pesquisas em que se investiga a constituição de conhecimento matemático, do professor e do aluno, com Realidade Aumentada. Para a análise das possibilidades de ensinar com Realidade Aumentada constituiu-se um grupo com cinco professores de matemática da rede de ensino pública estadual paulista. Nesse grupo se realizou encontros para preparar as etapas do estudo de aula. Na experiência destacada no texto se traz parte do vivido no planejamento, realização e discussão de uma aula de Geometria Espacial para alunos de 9º ano do ensino fundamental. A postura assumida na condução das ações e na análise dos dados é a qualitativo-fenomenológica. Nos resultados, os aspectos evidenciados pelos professores apontam dificuldades e aprendizagens dos alunos, modos de, com a Realidade Aumentada, se favorecer a visualização das construções explorando possibilidades para avançar nos estudos da Geometria Espacial.
metodologia de formação Lesson Study em um projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido em um contexto de implementação curricular:
Authors: Martins Priscila Bernardo , Curi Edda , Souza Borelli Suzete
Published: December 2023

Este texto apresenta um Projeto de Pesquisa que foi desenvolvido em um cenário de implementação curricular, buscando evidenciar as aprendizagens e os desafios decorrentes do processo formativo, utilizando a Lesson Study como metodologia formativa. Para isso, recorreu-se a uma abordagem qualitativa, de tipologia interpretativa. Os resultados do Projeto foram coletados por meio de vídeos, fotografias e protocolos observacionais. Considera-se que a metodologia Lesson Study, empregada nesse Projeto, permitiu um grande avanço por parte dos professores e formadores nos conhecimentos profissionais, possibilitando, inclusive, apontar indícios de aprendizagens dos estudantes. Entre os resultados, destacam-se as contribuições da metodologia Lesson Study para a pesquisa sobre o aprendizado, a formação de professores, o contexto no qual o ensino e a aprendizagem ocorrem, o conteúdo a ser ensinado, a didática e, principalmente, o currículo proposto e praticado. Eles revelam, ainda, um princípio importante de formação de professores baseado na pesquisa, na reflexão, na colaboração e na participação efetiva dos professores, possibilitando-lhes a apropriação de indicações curriculares e a construção de um repertório teórico-metodológico consistente que contribui para o aprimoramento do ensino e da aprendizagem na Educação Básica.
UNA ENSEÑANZA POR LESSON STUDY EN LA FORMACIÓN DE PROFESORES EN MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Corica Ana Rosa , Parra Verónica , Sureda Patricia
Published: December 2023

En este trabajo presentamos resultados parciales de una investigación que tuvo entre sus objetivos el de acercar a los estudiantes de profesorado en matemática al método de Lesson Study, a partir de  un trabajo colaborativo de indagación y de construcción de conocimiento matemático y didáctico. El punto de partida fue la implementación de un Recorrido de Estudio e Investigación cuyas cuestiones provienen de la microeconomía. Este recurso se basa en el cuestionamiento y reflexión y posiciona como punto de partida las preguntas umbilicales que aseguran un estudio funcional de la matemática. Los resultados que presentamos aquí son parciales y refieren a los mapas P-R elaborados por cada grupo y a las reflexiones que hicieron explícitas los estudiantes de profesorado en su diario de clase sobre esos mapas y sobre la experiencia realizada. Se concluye en la potencia del método de Lesson Study como herramienta para la formación de estudiantes de profesorado y como un instrumento potente de investigación en el aula.
Princípios do Estudo de Aula:
Authors: Alves Amâncio Roselene , Zaidan Samira
Published: December 2023

Neste texto, descrevemos e analisamos uma experiência de Estudo de Aula desenvolvida com uma estagiária e um estagiário de licenciatura em Matemática. Os dados aqui apresentados foram construídos por meio de gravações em áudio de treze reuniões realizadas para o desenvolvimento desse processo formativo que contemplou duas aulas consecutivas sobre o Teorema de Pitágoras, lecionadas pelos estagiários em duas turmas de nono ano de uma escola da Rede Municipal de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, e das entrevistas individuais que foram realizadas ao final do estágio. A análise dos dados possibilitou identificar que o processo formativo foi desenvolvido de maneira que houve fortes aproximações em relação aos princípios fundamentais do Estudo de Aula, com adaptações em virtude das condições existentes, proporcionando, aos futuros professores, importantes aprendizagens da docência.
Desenvolvimento do conhecimento didático de futuros professores no contexto do Estudo de Aula
Authors: Alves Bezerra Cristina , Quaresma Marisa
Published: December 2023

Esta investigação tem como objetivo elucidar as contribuições do estudo de aula (Lesson Study) na formação inicial de professores de Matemática, mais concretamente no desenvolvimento do conhecimento didático de futuros professores quando adaptado ao Estágio Curricular Supervisionado. A abordagem metodológica é qualitativa e interpretativa, seguindo a modalidade de Investigação Baseada em Design (IBD). A equipe foi composta pela investigadora, que também atuou como facilitadora e professora de Matemática, a professora orientadora, a professora supervisora e quatro futuros professores, que não tinham experiência com o ensino de Matemática. O planejamento seguindo a abordagem exploratória permitiu avanços no que diz respeito a antecipação de possíveis dificuldades e estratégias dos alunos, e na maneira como o professor poderia conduzir a aula.  Com base nessa antecipação, os futuros professores relataram que a experiência em estudos de aula permitiu reduzir a insegurança, de não saber como ensinar Matemática, para um campo em que passaram a ter mais confiança. Nesse sentido, destacaram também a necessidade de conhecer o currículo, promover discussões coletivas e instigar os alunos a raciocinarem sobre a busca pela construção do seu próprio conhecimento. Concluímos que as interações que aconteceram durante as etapas do estudo de aula contribuíram para que os futuros professores desenvolvessem o conhecimento didático, mais especificamente sobre conhecimento da Matemática para o ensino, conhecimento do currículo, conhecimento dos alunos e da aprendizagem, e conhecimento da prática letiva, nomeadamente a seleção/elaboração de tarefas, planificação de aula, antecipação de possíveis dificuldades e discussão coletiva.
Organic functions: ludicity as a learning facilitation tool
Authors: Sena Ingrid Beatriz Farias Cruz , Neves Aquila de Souza , Lopes Aniele da Silva Neves , Perotti Gustavo Frigi , Corrêa Geone Maia , Maia Paulo José de Sousa , Menezes Jean Michel dos Santos , Fernandes de Moura do Carmo Dominique
Published: December 2023

The learning process can be more engaging and relaxed when instructional resources promoting these qualities, such as instructional games, are employed. Ludicity, i.e., the quality of being playful and enjoyable, can be much more than mere play; it can assist in the teaching and learning of the curriculum content. When alternative teaching methods are adopted, outcomes can exceed mere learning. They can also motivate students to participate actively in the teaching-learning process. In this context, the game “Unraveling Organic Functions” was conceived with the aim of facilitating student learning and retaining of organic functions and nomenclature of organic compounds by promoting student engagement. Based on traditional follow-the-path board games, “Unraveling Organic Functions” was employed as an instructional activity at a public school in Itacoatiara (AM), Brazil, as part of an intervention-research project of a qualitative nature. Data were collected by means of questionnaires responded by the participating students and teacher and pre- and post-intervention tests responded by the former. The results indicate that the participants found the experience engaging and enjoyable. They also suggest that the game in question facilitated learning and retaining of the aforementioned concepts and theories, thus corroborating the importance of including ludic classroom activities in the teaching-learning process.
Evasão da Universidade Estadual do Paraná (Unespar) – um estudo exploratório
Authors: Vituri Lívia Mariusso , Volpato Juceli Stela , Royer Marcia Regina , Zanatta Shalimar Calegari
Published: December 2023

A evasão universitária acontece desde o início das Instituições de Ensino Superior, no entanto, a recente pandemia causada pelo novo vírus Sars-Cov-2 pode ter influenciado as taxas de evasão já conhecidas. Estre trabalho investigou as taxas de evasão da Universidade Estadual do Paraná referente aos anos de 2018 a 2022. Os dados para análises foram obtidos dos dados divulgados pela Pró-Reitoria de ensino de Graduação da Unespar. Os resultados apontam que no ano de 2018 o número de evadidos foi de 1338, tendo o campus de Campo Mourão liderado com 257. No ano de 2019 a evasão aumentou em aproximadamente 21% e o campus de Campo Mourão continuou a liderar os índices. Em 2020 houve uma tendência de diminuição da evasão, aproximadamente 3,5% em relação ao anterior. Em 2021 a queda do número de desistentes continuou, mesmo em meio a pandemia. Em 2022, até o momento, ocorreu um aumento acentuado, aproximadamente 30%, na taxa de evasão. Não é possível intuir quais foram os motivos que justificam esta alta taxa de evasão. No entanto, apontamos a necessidade de que novas pesquisas possam ser conduzidas para que se possa compreender esta configuração. Diversos motivos podem ser destacados junto a pandemia, dentre elesa falta de acesso à internet, instabilidade econômica, falta de saúde, entre outros. Assim é possível consideramos que a pandemia não influenciou de certa forma a IES, visto que em 2020 e 2021 onde a pandemia estava no auge não houve aumento na evasão.
Atividades educativas lúdicas sobre água para alunos do Ensino Infantil
Authors: Costa da Silva Elizabeth , Bilotta Patricia
Published: December 2023

Na história da educação infantil brasileira, a criança não era vista como um ser de direitos e protagonista da transformação social que se deseja para o futuro. O uso de recursos lúdicos para ensinar crianças no período infantil sobre a importância da preservação da água permite que a escola contribua significamente para o atendimento da Agenda 2030. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as práticas educativas inovadoras para tratar do tema água no ensino infantil, seus benefícios e limitações. A pesquisa envolve: (i) levantamento de literatura no Portal de Periódicos da Capes, sobre dinâmicas educativas lúdicas; (ii) análise de conteúdo (artigos, teses e dissertações); e (iii) sistematização dos resultados para alcançar o objetivo proposto. As principais atividades lúdicas são: desenho, leitura, confecção de terrário, infográfico animado, peça teatral, mural; porém eas apresentam benefícios e limitações no ensino sobre água (intelectualidade, comportamento, habilidade física, etc).
balanço das pesquisas sobre formação docente e ensino remoto
Authors: Lima de frança Abia , Cristina Meneses Fernandes Vanessa
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo discute acerca da formação docente e do ensino remoto. Para isso foi realizado um levantamento de pesquisas na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) entre os anos de 2010 e 2022. Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico tipo estado do conhecimento. Foram utilizados como descritores “Formação” e “Ensino Remoto”, sendo possível encontrar 18 dissertações e 2 teses de 12 Programas de Pós-Graduação stricto sensu em distintas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES). Os resultados revelaram que, embora tenham sido oferecidos cursos de formação continuada para atuação no ensino remoto para os docentes participantes das pesquisas, estas formações se mostraram insuficientes para que os docentes pudessem efetivamente dominar os conhecimentos necessários para a efetiva prática docente no ensino remoto, contudo apesar dos desafios ocasionados pelas lacunas na formação, os docentes demonstraram dedicação para superar as dificuldades e conseguirem realizar o trabalho de forma remota.
O processo de formação de professores e a construção da identidade profissional
Authors: Moleiro Yuri Ribeiro , Bezerra Marli de Figueiredo , Vieira Josimar de Aparecido , Castaman Ana Sara
Published: December 2023

A identidade profissional do professor pode ser entendida como única e ao mesmo tempo diversa, sendo constituída no convívio com estudantes, famílias, instituição de ensino e pessoas com as quais se relaciona. Diante desta assertiva, neste estudo é analisado o processo de formação de professores a partir de aspectos sociais, políticos e culturais envolvidos na construção da identidade profissional docente. Constituído numa abordagem qualitativa, foi produzido por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, seguindo os tipos de pesquisa descritiva e exploratória. Na sua organização consta o percurso metodológico, são analisadas situações que contribuem para a constituição da identidade profissional do professor, assim como concepções presentes no processo de sua formação e, por fim, são apresentadas as considerações finais. Estes pontos indicam que essas ações estão relacionadas à definição da identidade profissional do professor impactando no fazer docente, no seu desenvolvimento pessoal, profissional e social.
Análisis comparativo de la categoría de Transformación Social en programas académicos de la Rectoría (Sede) UNIMINUTO Bogotá Virtual y Distancia – UVD y otras IES
Authors: Naranjo Calderón Camilo Ernesto , Aya Velandia Luis Alfonso , Mususu Yuli Paola , Moya Garzón Yuly Paola
Published: December 2023

Teniendo en cuenta el interés por los procesos de medición de impacto en el ámbito educativo, se propone desde Uniminuto, un ejercicio evaluativo desde una perspectiva mixta, donde se empleó un diseño cuasi – experimental, no probabilístico, con un grupo de control no equivalente y con un proceso de medición posterior a través de técnicas retrospectivas. La meta de dicho ejercicio consistió en medir el impacto social de dicha institución en los procesos de transformación social, a partir de las prácticas en responsabilidad social en Bogotá, orientadas desde un componente de formación que incluye dos asignaturas (Desarrollo Social Contemporáneo y Práctica de Responsabilidad Social) que aseguran a su vez la dinámica de Proyección Social que adelanta la Institución en diversas comunidades de Colombia.  
El proceso investigativo contó con un análisis comparativo con entidades externas, para ver desde otras perspectivas la huella única que deja Uniminuto en su aspecto social, en estudiantes, profesores y comunidades; evidenciando dificultad  para realizar comparaciones con otras universidades, por ello se emplearon encuestas anónimas y un grupo focal, que respetó en los participantes el hecho de no especificar las universidades de las cuales provienen.
Educación bilingüe/bicultural o intercultural para Sordos en el marco de la educación inclusiva y bajo un enfoque dual
Authors: López Franco Luz Mary , Meléndres Guerrero Geovani Andres
Published: December 2023

La "ETNICIDAD”,se define  como un sinónimo de grupo minoritario. El término raza comprende tanto factores biológicos (herencia) de un grupo humano como socioculturales (lingüísticos, rituales, costumbres, etc.) y ambientales, dependiendo del lugar donde se han desarrollado las generaciones (UNESCO, 2001).

 

En este sentido, surge el interrogante sobre si todo grupo minoritario se considera una etnia. Al respecto y en el contexto colombiano, existe una normatividad sobre diferentes lenguas que se hablan en el país; aspecto que podría constituir una relación entre etnicidad y el grupo o población Sorda, de esta manera, la ley 982 de 2005, refrendada por la Corte Constitucional en la Sentencia C-605/2012 han establecido para las personas sordas, lo que el Derecho Constitucional denomina “Derechos Conducentes”, en términos de la discapacidad. “Acceso/Acciones Afirmativas a Derechos”. La Corte, entonces,  ha ratificado que:  “La Comunidad Sorda forma parte del patrimonio pluricultural de la nación y que, en tal sentido, son equiparables a los pueblos y comunidades indígenas y deben poseer los derechos conducentes”.

Lo anterior, conlleva la reflexión sobre lo que se considera etnia, sin restringir el término que se vincula con la particularidad histórica del grupo social, del uso de otras formas de lengua en comunidad y de manifestaciones culturales compartidas, en virtud de su pertenencia, rasgos que congregan. Del mismo modo, se hace necesario reconocer la diversidad lingüística, mediada por un proceso de conocimiento y de tolerancia al otro (Declaración Universal de los Derechos Lingüísticos)

De esta manera y en concordancia con las leyes citadas, se evidencia la no especificidad una propuesta sobre “Persona Sorda”, en su lugar, existen términos generales sobre derechos de la comunidad Sorda y de las personas Sordas como usuarias de la lengua de señas y como minoría lingüística; por consiguiente, se combina esta idea con la de persona con discapacidad para referirse a la persona con discapacidad auditiva o sensorial, situándola en un enfoque puramente médico-clínico.

De ahí que, superar la dicotomía “PERSONA SORDA VS PERSONA CON DISCAPACIDAD” infiere elaborar un amplio concepto en el que el enfoque intercultural, multicultural, de interseccionalidad, además de la diversidad lingüística y cultural, se articulen en un solo enfoque, el enfoque dual o de Sordedad.
Características electroglotográficas de la tos normal en un grupo de adultos jóvenes
Authors: Vargas Garcia Miguel Antonio , Delprado Aguirrre Andrés Fernando , Gonzáles Montoya Sara Isabel , Morales Gómez Carolina
Published: December 2023

Fisiológicamente, la tos se desarrolla por fases, las cuales otorgan a su característica factores cuantificables para el análisis en el marco de la evaluación clínica deglutoria. Para el abordaje fonoaudiológico/logopédico, la tos como recurso fisiológico de protección es un indicador funcional de ingesta, pues suele aparecer cuando la fisiología deglutoria está alterada, definiéndose en el marco evaluativo como funcional o débil. Para objetivar su análisis, este proyecto propone cuantificar las características de la tos en un grupo de sujetos adultos jóvenes a través de la electroglotografía. La investigación plantea el registro de datos generales, la evaluación electroglotográfica de la tos y finalmente el registro de datos y análisis. Bajo un análisis multivariado, la correlación ordinal de Spearman, indica correlaciones significativas, con un nivel de confianza del 95% para la asociación de variables peso - talla y peso – frecuencia fundamental, esta última, tanto para la frecuencia de la primera tos como de la última. La edad promedio, estuvo definida en 24,7 años, con una desviación estándar de más o menos 7 años. Los sujetos valorados fueron en su mayoría mujeres. La investigación estimó un análisis directo de las características electroglotográficas, sin vincular aspectos conexos que pueden alterar los datos resultantes. Es necesario poder cruzar los datos con el análisis fisiológico de la toma de aire, la fuerza muscular, el control motor oral, etc.
Stripped: contribution of cyanobacterial extracellular polymeric substances to the adsorption of rare earth elements from aqueous solutions
Authors: Paper Michael , Jung Patrick , Koch Max , Lakatos Michael , Nilges Tom , Brück Thomas B.
Published: December 2023

The transformation of modern industries towards enhanced sustainability is facilitated by green technologies that rely extensively on rare earth elements (REEs) such as cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd), terbium (Tb), and lanthanum (La). The occurrence of productive mining sites, e.g., is limited, and production is often costly and environmentally harmful. As a consequence of increased utilization, REEs enter our ecosystem as industrial process water or wastewater and become highly diluted. Once diluted, they can hardly be recovered by conventional techniques, but using cyanobacterial biomass in a biosorption-based process is a promising eco-friendly approach. Cyanobacteria can produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that show high affinity to metal cations. However, the adsorption of REEs by EPS has not been part of extensive research. Thus, we evaluated the role of EPS in the biosorption of Ce, Nd, Tb, and La for three terrestrial, heterocystous cyanobacterial strains. We cultivated them under N-limited and non-limited conditions and extracted their EPS for compositional analyses. Subsequently, we investigated the metal uptake of a) the extracted EPS, b) the biomass extracted from EPS, and c) the intact biomass with EPS by comparing the amount of sorbed REEs. Maximum adsorption capacities for the tested REEs of extracted EPS were 123.9–138.2 mg g−1 for Komarekiella sp. 89.12, 133.1–137.4 mg g−1 for Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03, and 103.5–129.3 mg g−1 for Nostoc sp. 20.02. A comparison of extracted biomass with intact biomass showed that 16% (Komarekiella sp. 89.12), 28% (Desmonostoc muscorum 90.03), and 41% (Nostoc sp. 20.02) of REE adsorption was due to the biosorption of the extracellular EPS. The glucose- rich EPS (15%–43% relative concentration) of all three strains grown under nitrogen-limited conditions showed significantly higher biosorption rates for all REEs. We also found a significantly higher maximum adsorption capacity of all REEs for the extracted EPS compared to cells without EPS and untreated biomass, highlighting the important role of the EPS as a binding site for REEs in the biosorption process. EPS from cyanobacteria could thus be used as efficient biosorbents in future applications for REE recycling, e.g., industrial process water and wastewater streams.
In vitro analysis of the influence of the thermocycling and the applied force on orthodontic clear aligners
Authors: Cintora-López Patricia , Arrieta-Blanco Patricia , Martin-Vacas Andrea , Paz-Cortés Marta Macarena , Gil Javier , Aragoneses Juan Manuel
Published: December 2023

The mechanical properties of polyurethane dental aligners have been studied in an oral environment at 37°C and subjected to thermal cycling between 5°C and 55°C for long periods of time at different mechanical stresses. The aim is to determine the efficacy of the orthodontic aligner at different stress levels, the effect of thermal cycling with therapy time on tooth position correction. Sixty aligners with the same design were studied applying tensions of 0, 3 and 30 N and determining the deformation at different times from 1 to 760 h. Half of these aligners were subjected to stresses submerged in artificial saliva at 37°C and the other half were subjected to thermal cycles between 2°C and 55°C in salivary medium. Deformation was determined using a high-resolution stereo magnifier and ImageJ image analysis software. Water adsorption by the polyurethane was determined at the different test times. The results showed that in the unloaded aligners there is no appreciable deformation, but with thermal cycling there is a light shrinkage of the aligner due to the semi-crystallization process (ordering of polymeric chains) of the polyurethane. When applying loads of 3 and 30 N, creep curves with constant deformation transition zones can be seen. The transition zones decrease as the applied mechanical load increases. In addition, the significant effect of thermal cycling on the reduction of the transition zone of the aligners has been demonstrated. The transition zones are optimal for dental correction as constant stresses are exerted for tooth movement. The effect of thermal cycling shortens the constant deformation zone and reduces tooth alignment time. It was observed that the absorption of water in the aligner is constant after 1 h of immersion and does not exceed 0.4% by weight of absorbed water.
Case Report: A long-term survival case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with left ventricular infiltration and spinal cord compression
Authors: Sun Rui , Jin Chenxing , Qin Henan , Zhang Wenhe , Ning Zhen , Liu Jiwei , Wang Aman
Published: December 2023

Background

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and may occur with lymph node and/or extranodal involvement. However, DLBCL with intracardiac mass is exceedingly rare. In the reported literature, the intracardiac infiltration of DLBCL mostly involves the right ventricle. Lymphoma that invades the heart has an aggressive nature, with symptoms that are easily ignored initially and can lead to multiple complications in severe cases, resulting in a poor prognosis. Early screening and diagnosis may significantly improve the survival rate. Early diagnosis may significantly improve outcomes.

Case summary

We presented a 68-year-old woman with back pain. PET/CT suggested increased FDG metabolism in the left ventricle, right adrenal gland, right erector spinae intramuscularis, multiple bones and multiple lymph nodes. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed a left ventricular apical mass with ventricular septum thickening. Cardiac MRI suggested a 1.6*1.1*2.1 cm mass in the apical-central portion of the left ventricle. Biopsy of the right neck mass confirmed the pathologic diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. However, before the pathologic diagnosis was confirmed, the patient was paralyzed due to spinal cord compression caused by the progression of bone metastases. Subsequently, pathology confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) was treated immediately as first-line therapy. In addition, glucocorticoids and mannitol dehydration were administered to relieve the symptoms of spinal cord compression. After 8 cycles of R-CHOP, the tumor at all sites had almost complete regression. The patient was able to walk normally and had no tumor-related symptoms.

Conclusions

We present a case of DLBCL with a very high tumor load that involved multiple organs, including the left ventricle, but exhibited no cardiac-related symptoms. The combination of various imaging modalities is valuable for the diagnosis of cardiac infiltration. The mass in the left ventricle almost completely regressed after R-CHOP treatment, and no recurrence has occurred in the 5 years of follow-up so far.
Academic emotions, college adjustment, and dropout intention in university students
Authors: Cobo-Rendón Rubia , Hojman Viviana , García-Álvarez Diego , Cobo Rendon Ramon
Published: December 2023

Introduction

In recent years, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the entrance and development of university life has become a complex process, making it relevant to investigate which variables could facilitate the adaptation of young people to university. This study aimed to analyze academic emotions and their prediction of university adaptation and intention to drop out.

Methods

The study was quantitative, explanatory, and cross-sectional. A total of 295 university students participated. Academic emotions were assessed with the short version of The Achievement Emotions Questionnaire, adaptation to university life with the reduced version of the Student Adjustment to College Questionnaire, and intention to drop out with three items designed to measure this variable.

Results

Differences were identified in the emotions experienced during classes and study by students according to the year of entry. We found that males report experiencing emotions such as enjoyment and hope more during evaluations.

Discussion

Generally, students report positive emotions in their academic experience. Positive emotions predict adaptation to university life and the intention to study.
Application of artificial intelligence in the assessment of thyroid eye disease (TED) - a scoping review
Authors: Chng Chiaw-Ling , Zheng Kaiping , Kwee Ann Kerwen , Lee Ming-Han Hugo , Ting Daniel , Wong Chen Pong , Hu Guoyu , Ooi Beng Chin , Kheok Si Wei
Published: December 2023

Background

There is emerging evidence which suggests the utility of artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnostic assessment and pre-treatment evaluation of thyroid eye disease (TED). This scoping review aims to (1) identify the extent of the available evidence (2) provide an in-depth analysis of AI research methodology of the studies included in the review (3) Identify knowledge gaps pertaining to research in this area.

Methods

This review was performed according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA). We quantify the diagnostic accuracy of AI models in the field of TED assessment and appraise the quality of these studies using the modified QUADAS-2 tool.

Results

A total of 13 studies were included in this review. The most common AI models used in these studies are convolutional neural networks (CNN). The majority of the studies compared algorithm performance against healthcare professionals. The overall risk of bias and applicability using the modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool led to most of the studies being classified as low risk, although higher deficiency was noted in the risk of bias in flow and timing.

Conclusions

While the results of the review showed high diagnostic accuracy of the AI models in identifying features of TED relevant to disease assessment, deficiencies in study design causing study bias and compromising study applicability were noted. Moving forward, limitations and challenges inherent to machine learning should be addressed with improved standardized guidance around study design, reporting, and legislative framework.
Case report: Excessive daytime sleepiness as a presenting manifestation of autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy
Authors: Tang Mingyang , Huang Shuo , Guo Weitong , Zhou Junfang , Huang Zhencan , Li Wanru , Sun Qingqing , Wang Zan
Published: December 2023

Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a recently discovered autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. It presents with a variety of clinical symptoms, including fever, seizures, psychiatric symptoms, limber weakness, and sensory symptoms. However, the symptoms of sleep disorders have not been sufficiently addressed. Here, we report a case of GFAP-A in which the patient complained of excessive daytime sleepiness and an excessive need for sleep. Our patient was a 58-year-old male who experienced excessive daytime sleepiness for 50 days following SARS-CoV-2 infection. He was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 on June 1st. On the 7th of June, he experienced excessive daytime sleepiness, nausea, reduced food intake, lower limb weakness, and dysuria. Subsequently, his sleepiness significantly deteriorated on July 21st. Five months prior, the patient underwent laparoscopic partial right nephrectomy for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Brain MRI revealed abnormal hyperintense lesions in the pontine brain and around the mesencephalic aqueduct on T2 and T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) sequences However, these lesions did not exhibit any pathological enhancement. Spinal cord MRI revealed lesions in the C6–C7 and T2–T3 segments on the T2 sequence. His Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score was 16 (reference range, <10), and 24-hour polysomnography supported the diagnosis of rapid-eye-movement sleep disorder and severe sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Glial fibrillary acidic protein IgG antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (1:32, cell-based assay) but not in the serum. The level of hypocretin in the cerebrospinal fluid was 29.92 pg/mL (reference range ≥110 pg/mL), suggesting narcolepsy type 1. After treatment with corticosteroids for approximately 1 month, the patient showed considerable clinical and radiological improvement, as well as an increase in hypocretin levels. Although repeated polysomnography and multiple sleep latency tests suggested narcolepsy, his ESS score decreased to 8. Our findings broaden the range of clinical manifestations associated with GFAP-A, thereby enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this disease. Additionally, our results indicate a potential common autoimmune mechanism involving GFAP-A and orexin system dysregulation, warranting further investigation.
Feature-driven new sound category formation: computational implementation with the L2LP model and beyond
Authors: Yazawa Kakeru , Whang James , Kondo Mariko , Escudero Paola
Published: December 2023

One of the primary questions of second language (L2) acquisition research is how a new sound category is formed to allow for an L2 contrast that does not exist in the learner's first language (L1). Most models rely crucially on perceived (dis)similarities between L1 and L2 sounds, but a precise definition of what constitutes “similarity” has long proven elusive. The current study proposes that perceived cross-linguistic similarities are based on feature-level representations, not segmental categories. We investigate how L1 Japanese listeners learn to establish a new category for L2 American English /æ/ through a perception experiment and computational, phonological modeling. Our experimental results reveal that intermediate-level Japanese learners of English perceive /æ/ as an unusually fronted deviant of Japanese /a/. We implemented two versions of the Second Language Linguistic Perception (L2LP) model with Stochastic Optimality Theory—one mapping acoustic cues to segmental categories and another to features—and compared their simulated learning results to the experimental results. The segmental model was theoretically inadequate as it was unable explain how L1 Japanese listeners notice the deviance of /æ/ from /a/ in the first place, and was also practically implausible because the predicted overall perception patterns were too native English-like compared to real learners' perception. The featural model, however, showed that the deviance of /æ/ could be perceived due to an ill-formed combination of height and backness features, namely */low, front/. The featural model, therefore, reflected the experimental results more closely, where a new category was formed for /æ/ but not for other L2 vowels /ɛ/, /ʌ/, and /ɑ/, which although acoustically deviate from L1 /e/, /a/, and /o/, are nonetheless featurally well-formed in L1 Japanese, namely /mid, front/, /low, central/, and /mid, back/. The benefits of a feature-based approach for L2LP and other L2 models, as well as future directions for extending the approach, are discussed.
Implementing a singing-based intervention for postpartum depression in Denmark and Romania: a brief research report
Authors: Warran Katey , Smith Calum , Ugron Hanna , Blaga Oana , Ladegaard Nicolai Lund , Carstens Louise Frøkjær , Nicholls Lucy , Burton Alexandra , Zbranca Rarita , Ottow Mikkel , Fancourt Daisy , Fietje Nils
Published: December 2023

Background

There is a burgeoning evidence-base that demonstrates the positive impact of the arts on our health, wellbeing, and health behaviors. However, very few studies have focused on how to optimize the implementation of these activities for different sociocultural contexts. Due to the increasing interest in scaling effective arts interventions as part of public health strategies, and in line with global goals of achieving health equity, this is an essential focus.

Aim

Using the case study of a singing for post-partum depression (PPD) intervention with empirically-demonstrated clinical effects, this brief research report explores implementation of an arts and health intervention that has been successful in the United Kingdom (“Music and Motherhood”) for the new contexts of Silkeborg (Denmark) and Cluj-Napoca (Romania).

Methods

Data was collected from participants at all levels of the implementation structure including at local and management levels. The study draws on qualitative implementation data to explore participant experiences, including one-to-one interviews, written testimonies, meeting minutes, ethnographic researcher reflections and focus groups, including data from 46 participants in total.

Results and conclusion

We explore implementation and adaptation across five key themes: (1) acceptability and feasibility; (2) practical and structural barriers and enablers; (3) adoption and sustainability; (4) broader contextual factors affecting implementation and sustainability; and (5) project structure and processes. Taken together, the themes demonstrate that arts interventions need to be adapted in culturally sensitive ways by stakeholders who have local knowledge of their environments. This research serves as an informative foundation for use by other researchers that aim to expand the reach and impact of arts-based interventions.
Geriatric patient in the practice of emergency medical teams – observation in 2020–2022
Authors: Czyżewski Łukasz , Dudziński Łukasz , Wyzgał Janusz
Published: December 2023

Purpose

Analysis of interventions of medical rescue teams for geriatric patients in a three-year period, taking into account the causes, circumstances, medical management, pharmacology.

Materials and methods

The study included a 3-year retrospective analysis of the trips of medical rescue teams in the northern part of the Lubelskie Voivodeship in the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022. The data comes from medical documentation. Interventions caused by a health risk in a patient in the 90+ age group were qualified as events. 897 EMT interventions were qualified (2020–327, 2021–269, 2022–301) constituting 4.29% of all interventions carried out in the operational area. In addition, a quantitative analysis of a comparative group of patients aged 80–89 was performed.

Results

It was shown that the time of rescue activities was the longest for injuries and the shortest for mental disorders (60 ± 31 vs. 43 ± 21 min). It was shown that specialist EMT teams (S) were statistically significantly more often called for cardiology disorders (63%). It was shown that pharmacological agents were used statistically significantly more often in respiratory disorders (83%) compared to neurology disorders (47%, p < 0.001). It was also shown that patients whose call was caused by neurology disorders were statistically more often transported to the emergency department (N = 76, 76%, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The causes of calls regarding disorders of the circulatory and respiratory systems most often require the implementation of pharmacology during EMT interventions, mainly short-term and symptomatic drugs. Interventions to rural areas dominate in the presented analysis in each year of the analysis and in each group of reasons for calls, which may be associated with more difficult access to a primary care physician. Most EMT interventions concern exacerbation of chronic diseases. Transport to the hospital was necessary mainly due to neurological and traumatic calls.
What do dermatologists and dermatology residents think about their residency training in dermatology?
Authors: Porriño-Bustamante María Librada , Buendía-Eisman Agustín , Arias-Santiago Salvador
Published: December 2023

Introduction

In Spain, graduates in medicine take a state exam which, depending on their result, enables them choose a speciality in a specific hospital. Becoming a specialist in dermatology involves 4 years of training in a hospital. The content of the speciality is government regulated, although it can vary slightly in different hospitals. Feedback about this training period could provide key information to improve any failings. The aim of the study was to evaluate the perspectives of dermatologists and dermatology residents toward residency training.

Materials and methods

Resident dermatologists in their final 2 years and recently qualified dermatologists answered a survey regarding the residency, and personal perspectives and objectives within dermatology.

Results

A total of 54 participants answered the survey. Their mean age was 29.26 years old. Around 74% of them had had at least 3 clinical sessions per week during their residency and 87% of them considered these clinical sessions to have been useful for their training. The main shortcomings in their training were perceived as laser and esthetics, followed by trichology then research and contact dermatitis. However, 85.2% of them had done external rotations to progress in the areas they felt they needed to improve. Around 55% of the participants had considered specializing in research. Regarding research doctorates, 20.4% were doing their PhD or had already finished it, and of the remaining, 62.79% were interested in doing one.

Conclusion

The opinions, feelings and aspirations of the dermatology residents are an important barometer for the future of the speciality. Training in research, laser and esthetics was perceived as a weakness by the participants, while clinical sessions and external rotations were considered good for their training. The information from this survey establishes a reference point from which present needs and future trends can be gauged.
Identifying subgroups of childhood obesity by using multiplatform metabotyping
Authors: Chamoso-Sanchez David , Rabadán Pérez Francisco , Argente Jesús , Barbas Coral , Martos-Moreno Gabriel A. , Rupérez Francisco J.
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Obesity results from an interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as diet, physical activity, culture, and socioeconomic status. Personalized treatments for obesity would be optimal, thus necessitating the identification of individual characteristics to improve the effectiveness of therapies. For example, genetic impairment of the leptin-melanocortin pathway can result in rare cases of severe early-onset obesity. Metabolomics has the potential to distinguish between a healthy and obese status; however, differentiating subsets of individuals within the obesity spectrum remains challenging. Factor analysis can integrate patient features from diverse sources, allowing an accurate subclassification of individuals.

Methods: This study presents a workflow to identify metabotypes, particularly when routine clinical studies fail in patient categorization. 110 children with obesity (BMI > +2 SDS) genotyped for nine genes involved in the leptin-melanocortin pathway (CPE, MC3R, MC4R, MRAP2, NCOA1, PCSK1, POMC, SH2B1, and SIM1) and two glutamate receptor genes (GRM7 and GRIK1) were studied; 55 harboring heterozygous rare sequence variants and 55 with no variants. Anthropometric and routine clinical laboratory data were collected, and serum samples processed for untargeted metabolomic analysis using GC-q-MS and CE-TOF-MS and reversed-phase U(H)PLC-QTOF-MS/MS in positive and negative ionization modes. Following signal processing and multialignment, multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the genetic trait association with metabolomics data and clinical and routine laboratory features.

Results and Discussion: Neither the presence of a heterozygous rare sequence variant nor clinical/routine laboratory features determined subgroups in the metabolomics data. To identify metabolomic subtypes, we applied Factor Analysis, by constructing a composite matrix from the five analytical platforms. Six factors were discovered and three different metabotypes. Subtle but neat differences in the circulating lipids, as well as in insulin sensitivity could be established, which opens the possibility to personalize the treatment according to the patients categorization into such obesity subtypes. Metabotyping in clinical contexts poses challenges due to the influence of various uncontrolled variables on metabolic phenotypes. However, this strategy reveals the potential to identify subsets of patients with similar clinical diagnoses but different metabolic conditions. This approach underscores the broader applicability of Factor Analysis in metabotyping across diverse clinical scenarios.
Mitochondrial might: powering the peripartum for risk and resilience
Authors: Gorman-Sandler Erin , Wood Gabrielle , Cloude Nazharee , Frambes Noelle , Brennen Hannah , Robertson Breanna , Hollis Fiona
Published: December 2023

The peripartum period, characterized by dynamic hormonal shifts and physiological adaptations, has been recognized as a potentially vulnerable period for the development of mood disorders such as postpartum depression (PPD). Stress is a well-established risk factor for developing PPD and is known to modulate mitochondrial function. While primarily known for their role in energy production, mitochondria also influence processes such as stress regulation, steroid hormone synthesis, glucocorticoid response, GABA metabolism, and immune modulation – all of which are crucial for healthy pregnancy and relevant to PPD pathology. While mitochondrial function has been implicated in other psychiatric illnesses, its role in peripartum stress and mental health remains largely unexplored, especially in relation to the brain. In this review, we first provide an overview of mitochondrial involvement in processes implicated in peripartum mood disorders, underscoring their potential role in mediating pathology. We then discuss clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondria in the context of peripartum stress and mental health, emphasizing the need for better understanding of this relationship. Finally, we propose mitochondria as biological mediators of resilience to peripartum mood disorders.