bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT BIOMETRIC SYSTEM FOR FACE DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Chudobova Michaela , Kubicek Jan , Scurek Radomir , Hutter Marek
Published: February 2023

This article deals with the design and implementation of an intelligent biometric system that allows the detection and classification of a person's face from static image data and creates a system for evaluating its reliability. In its introductory part, it theoretically describes applied biometrics and biometric systems for security identification and user verification, and also deals with the theory of the description of algorithms for human face detection and recognition. Subsequently, the authors use the MATLAB programming language, which is highly optimized for modern processors and memory architectures, to focus on the implementation and testing of a biometric system using Viola-Jones algorithms and a convolutional neural network with a pre-trained network NetNet. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are the most recognized and popular deep-learning neural networks, which are based on layers that perform two-dimensional (2D) convolution of input data with learned filters. In the final part there is a discussion where, based on the results of testing, the robustness and efficiency of the proposed intelligent biometric system is objectively evaluated. The results allow for the continued development of other pre-trained artificial neural networks, variable implementations for facial recognition, but also other things, such as the recognition of potentially dangerous people.
IT SOLUTION FOR EX LABELLING ASSISTANCE
Authors: Pasculescu Vlad Mihai , Morar Marius Simion , Suvar Marius Cornel , Vass Zoltan
Published: February 2023

Explosive atmospheres may occur both in underground mining, as well as in surface industries such as the oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, wood or baker industries, basically in all industries which extract, process, use, transport or store flammable substances. Within the European Union, Directive 2014/34/EU regulates the placing on the market of equipment, protective systems and components intended for use in such hazardous atmospheres. In this regard, for proofing the compliance with the essential safety requirements, they have to be subject to a certification process carried out by a Notified Body. The CE marking and the Ex ATEx marking (labelling) can be applied to the product only after it has been ensured that the product meets all applicable requirements set out by the Directive and related technical standards in force. The objective of the paper is to present an attempt of developing a Windows OS application which can be used for assisting the technicians involved in the certification process of Ex equipment, by providing guidance on the content of the label of the equipment which is subject to certification, taking into account its� specific characteristics and functions fulfilled.
MEASURING AND EVALUATION OF THE ECHOGENICITY GRADE OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA IN MRI SEQUENCES VS B-MODE ULTRASOUND IMAGING USING THE SAME ALGORITHM: PILOT COMPARISON STUDY
Authors: Blahuta Jiri , Soukup Tomas , Lavrincik Jan , Pavlik Lukas , Kozel Jiri
Published: February 2023

Diagnostic ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important medical imaging methods in modern radiology. Our research is focused on imaging brain structures in neurology. In this paper we present differences of digital image analysis of the substantia nigra (SN) between US and MRI using the same algorithm. In the past, we developed an application for analyzing substantia nigra echogenicity in BMODE US images. Our developed application is based on a principle of binary thresholding in Region of Interest (ROI) to evaluate echogenicity grade. Increased echogenicity of SN is one of important markers for Parkinson�s Disease (PD) progress. The goal of this paper is to analyze if the same principle used for US B-MODE imaging is also applicable for different MR sequences to find out SN changes. From the achieved results detectable SN changes using MRI are possible at least as a complementary examination to US imaging. We need to prove if echogenicity index (called Echo-Index) is well reproducible value between two different MR sequences; SWI and T2-TSE; how to distinguish between pathological SN and normal anatomy. In the first pilot analysis, it seems that the principle of Echo-Index measurement could be a starting point to create a new large clinical study in this field. Totally 23 MR images from two different sequences (T1 and T2) were analyzed in this pilot study. However, it seems that Echo-Index cannot distinguish normal and diseased SN.
THE VERIFICATION, VALIDATION AND CORRECTION OF SURFACE TOPOLOGICAL ERRORS FOR WORKS SPECIFIC TO LAW 165/2013
Authors: Begov Ungur Andreea , Barb Maria Alexandra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of law 165/2013 is the identification and inventory on topographic maps of all lands owned by the public or private domain of the state and the identification of lands that constitute the available reserve of the local land commission to complete the restitution process in nature or equivalent of the real estate abusively taken over during communism.
This paper aims to present the steps in verification, validation, and correction of surface topological errors for works specific to law 165/2013 using Arc GIS program.
In order to verify, validate and rectify the topology errors, at the end of the inventory and approval of the annexes from the norms, the surfaces that have been identified as available to be retraceable will be integrated in a GIS database.
TOWARDS THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT USING SPATIAL DATA MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS AND LINEAR REGRESSION
Authors: Lisjak Josip , Tomic Hrvoje , Roncevic Ante , Roic Miodrag
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of research on the possibility of calculating the investment potential of a particular area based on its spatial characteristics. The level of spatial unit in this research is local administrative unit (cities or municipalities), while the geographic coverage is entire area of Republic of Croatia. Regarding the method, the results could be applied internationally and are not limited to national borders. Furthermore, when deciding on investing, it is important to know the risk. This risk in the pre-investment cycle is generally estimated on the basis of well-known wellestablished economic methods - without applying multiple criteria in the potential assessment and, among others, criteria of spatial characteristics as one of the most influential ones. Therefore, there was a need to model the investment potential as a precondition for risk calculations based on spatial criteria, which was carried out through this research using multi-criteria GIS analysis. The research in this paper is focused on testing the correlation of spatial features of certain local unit with its development index. The source data used are existing spatial data in the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) platform, open data, and the development index as a composite index. The paper shows the results of OLS method and conclusions about influence from certain spatial characteristics on development index, and accordingly the location investment potential based on the results can be modelled.
A SPECIFIC APPROACH TO LEAST SQUARES ADJUSTMENT OF THE STATE LEVELLING NETWORK
Authors: Gospodinov Slaveyko , Peneva Elena , Penev Penio
Published: February 2023

In addition to its main purpose: establishing and maintaining the parameters of the height system for the territory of a given state (country), state levelling networks also serve to establish (register) the contemporary (recent) vertical movements of the Earth's crust. The detection of such movements, besides in a purely research sense, is of great practical importance. The displacement of the benchmarks over time plays an essential role in seismic forecasting in the short and long term. Sometimes, not very often, it happens that the duration of the measurements in a single cycle of State levelling network measurement is commensurate or nearly commensurate with the period between the different cycles. Such a fact raises serious issues to be addressed, both in the process of preliminary accuracy estimation of the measurements and in the formation of the adjustment model. A period of ten years or more is long enough for displacements on the order of a few mm (millimeters) to become apparent and to be reliably detected. One possible approach, in such cases, is to apply a modified version of adjustment using the Least Squares Method. It would be appropriate, as additional unknowns, to introduce the velocities of the individual benchmarks of the network into the adjustment model. Thus, taking into account the time of the start of the measurements, preconditions are created for taking into account the dynamic behaviour of the benchmarks during the measurement period. The applied adjustment model is based on the so-called "dynamic" or "kinematic" adjustment model, which also takes into account some technological features in the overall network measurement process.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM FOR SIMULTANEOUS LOCALIZATION AND MAPPING
Authors: Kopacik Alojz , Kajanek Pavol , Brindza Jan , Erdelyi Jan , Kyrinovic Peter
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the developing and applying of the mobile mapping system developed at the Department of Surveying of the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava. The article presents a low-cost mobile mapping system for simultaneous localization and mapping of the indoor environment. Existing systems are costly and have robust construction and high-power requirements, making them unavailable for some applications. The proposed measuring system consists of three orthogonally placed 2D lidars, a robotic platform with two rotary encoders, and an inertial measuring unit. The lidars scan the environment in three mutually perpendicular directions during the measurement. Based on the transformation between a pair of consecutive scans, the position of the system is updated. Then the model of the environment is updated using a new lidar scan. The estimated transformation parameters are translations expressing the change in position of the system and rotation, which represents the change in orientation of the measuring system. The errors in determining the transformation parameters represent the positioning errors, which are transmitted to the calculated model. For this reason, additional sensors are used (inertial measuring unit, speed sensors), based on which the error in position and orientation is corrected.
INFLUENCE OF INTRAPLATE DEFORMATIONS ON THE STATE GPS NETWORK IN THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA
Authors: Tsanovski Yuri
Published: February 2023

The Republic of Bulgaria is located on the periphery of the Eurasian tectonic plate, and part of it falls within the seismically active Aegean extensional region [1]. The study of modern crustal movements is important in terms of elucidating the geodynamic behaviour of the country on a regional and global scale. It should be taken into account when establishing and maintaining geodetic networks for high precision applications. It should be noted that for the main carrier of the Bulgarian geodetic system - the State GPS network, only the velocities of the points of its Basic class are derived and published. Intra-plate displacements show an increase from about 1 millimetre per year in Northern Bulgaria to about 5 millimetres per year in Southern Bulgaria - mostly in the geodynamically very active South-West region [2]. For the present study, we have selected an area in the southeastern part of Bulgaria, a region with relatively homogeneous horizontal velocities with respect to Eurasia. The area is 1500 sq. km, with the presence of points from the basic class (9 points) and secondclass (28 points) GPS network. Class I level surveys are currently being carried out in the area, and the coordinates of the points in the State GPS network will be used as fixed points to determine the geodetic coordinates and heights of the bench marks from the level surveys. The aim of the study is to show the effect of the manifested intra-plate deformations on the coordinates of the State GPS network, as well as the need to develop a strategy/methodology to account for point displacements over time and calculate them, taking into account the passive nature of the State GPS network of the Republic of Bulgaria.
AUTOMATED DETECTION OF PAVEMENT DEFECTS USING COMPUTER VISION
Authors: Prochazka Michal , Pinkas Robert , Janku Michal , Stryk Josef , Grosek Jiri
Published: February 2023

Road managers are obliged by law to regularly monitor the condition of road pavements as part of road inspections. Visual inspections provide basic information on the condition of the road and regular assessments are the basis for planning maintenance and repairs. These inspections are usually carried out from a dedicated car and recorded manually by an operator or done by special sophisticated and very costly devices with cameras and various sensors. Inspections are done in defined periods based on road class and type of inspection. This paper presents a pilot test of a new method of monitoring pavement defects based on visual inspection by an autonomous vehicle-mounted system with automatic real-time evaluation performed by this device. The device processes the video recordings and uses deep neural networks for the detection and classification of pavement defects. The resulting metadata and location are immediately sent from this device to the cloud infrastructure. All the data are GDPR safe by design, no images or videos leave the device. The detection is not meant to be as precise as detection made by special diagnostic cars, it is used to do instant community-based monitoring of significant damages on the road network and hence serves as a pre-selection tool to provide road administrators valuable data on where detailed inspection or diagnostics is needed. In addition to the pavement condition, other parameters related to road objects and equipment can also be evaluated.
DETECTION OF LOCAL AND LONG-RANGE TRANSPORTED AEROSOL INTRUSIONS OVER CLUJ-NAPOCA, ROMANIA USING MULTIWAVELENGTH LIDAR MEASUREMENTS IN SPRING 2022
Authors: Stefanie Horatiu , Radovici Andrei , Mereuta Alexandru , Camarasan Horia , Ajtai Nicolae
Published: February 2023

It is well known that atmospheric aerosols have both a direct and an indirect impact on the Earth's systems and have natural or anthropogenic origins. In this paper we present the results of the 2022 spring-time lidar measurements conducted within the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) using a multi-wavelength Raman and depolarization LIDAR system operated in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The Cluj-Napoca lidar system (CLOP) emission is based on a Nd-YAG laser Continuum INLITE II-30, which has a repetition rate of 30 Hz. The radiation at 1064, 532, and 355 nm is simultaneously emitted into atmosphere. The backscattered radiation is collected by a Cassegrain type telescope with a focal length of 1500 mm. The signal detection unit has a total of 6 detection channels, 4 channels for the elastically backscattered radiation at 1064, 532 (cross and parallel), and 355 nm and 2 channels for the Raman radiation backscattered by nitrogen molecules at 607 and 387 nm. This type of system meets the requirements of the EARLINET network and is suitable to provide reliable data on optical parameters for aerosol characterization. The reference period for the observations was in accordance with EARLINET�s fixed measurements schedule. The preliminary results indicated the presence of both natural (mineral dust) and anthropogenic (resulted from seasonal biomass burning) aerosols originated from local sources or subject of long-range transport (LRT).
THE POTENTIAL OF BIOCHAR AND COMPOST MIXTURE TO INCREASE THE MAIZE CANOPY DURING THE VEGETATIVE SEASON
Authors: Aydin Elena
Published: February 2023

Biochar is being studied for few decades as it finds various applications in mitigating climate change, improving soil properties and water retention which subsequently potentially improves the crop yields. One of the parameters potentially predicting the crop yield is the crop density during the vegetation period as it represents the number of plants per area unit that can photosynthesize and potentially bring yield at the end of vegetation season. The paper presents the observations on the changes in canopy density during the vegetative part of the vegetation season of maize (Zea mays L.) which was estimated using non-destructive method of close canopy imagery. The field observations were done at the experimental site in Dolna Malanta near Nitra (Slovakia). In 2014, a commercially purchased soil additive (biochar mixed with compost � BC) was applied to plots (4 x 6 m of size) of agricultural land in the rates of 0, 10 and 20 t/ha. The application rates of BC were combined with 3 levels of NPK fertilizer application (0, 160 and 240 kg N/ha). During the observation period from mid-May 2015 up to beginning of July 2015, images of maize canopy parallel to soil surface were taken from above the crop canopy with camera built up in the mobile. The canopy density was evaluated using the Breedpix software. The canopy density three weeks after sowing ranged from 1.7 to 2.1 % at the control treatments (without BC) at different fertilization levels. The values at treatments with BC ranged from 2.1 up to 2.4 and from 1.9 up to 2.6 % at the application rate 10 and 20 t/ha, respectively. Although in general higher values were observed at treatments with BC application, the differences were not significant. The canopy density over the studied period increased in all treatments, at the end of June the values ranged from 39 to 40 % at the treatments without BC and from 39 to 46 % at treatments with BC at 10 t/ha and from 38 up to 58 % at the treatments with BC at 20 t/ha application rate. Although majority of differences were not statistically significant, it can be concluded that overall biochar mixed with compost slightly increased the density of the maize canopy at least in the early stages of the development. As the maize height was increasing, the sampling method was not suitable as it was not possible to take image of the full canopy within the row. For such applications it might be useful to take photos from larger height preferably with UAV.
STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF THE GEOLOGICAL SUBSTRATUM ON VEGETATION USING MODERN METHODS
Authors: Ciolac Valeria , Mihut Casiana , Okros Adalbert , Dragomir Lucian , Bodea Diana-Alina
Published: February 2023

The main objective of the study is the analysis of the effects of the geological substrate and of the geomorphological diversity on the characteristics of the vegetation (the diversity of species, the diameter of the trees). The study area is made up of the Cioclovina karst area and the crystalline area near it, which are located in the Dacian Plateau in the ?ureanu Mountains. Within the study, a series of geomorphological variables were calculated to establish geomorphological heterogeneity, namely: slope, slope exposition, soil drainage, land humidity index, and water erosion power. These variables were calculated using the SAGA GIS program. After the variables were derived, they were divided into classes, transformed from raster into polygon and aggregated into a single layer using the union function, to get all variables in the attribute table. Subsequently, the layer resulting from the unification of the variables was, in turn, united by using the union function with a Grid with a 2-ha resolution made with the function Created fishnet. Finally, each cell of the grid was classified into high geomorphological heterogeneity or low geomorphological heterogeneity. These operations were performed in the ArcGIS Desktop program version 10.7.1. In the two analysis areas located in the ?ureanu Mountains, for areas with high/low morphological heterogeneity values correspond to values of diversity indices of high/low forest species. Within the analysis performed, the results between the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and diversity indices were different between the karst area and the crystalline area. In the karst area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the Shannon index is positive. Also, in the karst area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the dominance of species and that between species heterogeneity and the average diameter is negative. In the crystalline area, the correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the richness of species as well as that between heterogeneity and the Shannon diversity index is negative. The correlation between geomorphological heterogeneity and the dominance of species as well as between heterogeneity and the average diameter is positive, because the land humidity index is high.
EFFECT OF BIOCHAR APPLICATION ON CO2 EMISSION IN RELATIONSHIP WITH SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Kotus Tatijana , Horak Jan , Drgonova Katarina , Igaz Dusan
Published: February 2023

Biochar application to agriculture soil has been recommended as a strategy to reduce increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and mitigate climate change. Significant suppression of soil CO2 emissions following biochar amendments has been demonstrated in short-term laboratory incubations by several authors, yet evidence from long-term field trials has been contradictory. This study investigates whether biochar addition to the soil could suppress soil CO2 emission under field conditions after 6�th years following amendment. CO2 emissions were not significantly suppressed with biochar addition, although they were generally low. Biochar amendment suppressed soil cumulative CO2 emissions by 30.59%. These findings demonstrate that biochar amendment has the potential to suppress soil CO2 emissions in corn crop system after 6�th years of biochar application. We conclude that the concentration of soil CO2 emissions were depended on soil temperature measured during study period.
EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND OUTSIDE THE TOWN OF PERIAM TIMIS COUNTY
Authors: Okros Adalbert , Ciolac Valeria , Mihut Casiana , Scedei Daniela , Durau Carmen Claudia
Published: February 2023

The importance of land assessment activity consists in the fact that the data provided by these studies constitute the basic documentation for establishing the most appropriate practical measures for protection, improvement and rational use of soils for biomass production in an optimized and rigorous dynamics. correlated with the growing demands of environmental protection. The evolution and fertility of soils is conditioned by a large number of their individual properties and by many specific processes that take place on the surface or inside them. Of greater importance in this case is the ability to transform and accumulate the soil, its ability to store the substances necessary for the growth and fruiting of plants, characteristics of the soil or from outside. Some of these characteristics that determine soil fertility are relatively stable, difficult to change, but most can be more or less modified by slow but continuous intervention of natural factors or by degrading or improving anthropogenic interventions. According to these precepts, the soil is an indicator of the state of quality and evolution of the environment and can be used in this position to evaluate the efficiency of the works of arrangement, improvement and correct use of the exploitation.
NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECT ON AMERICAN CRANBERRY GROWTH, YIELD AND MINERAL ELEMENT COMPOSITION
Authors: Karlsons Andis , Osvalde Anita , Abolina Laura
Published: February 2023

The industrial cultivation of American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) in Latvia was started during last 20 years with total plantings of more than 125 ha today. As a native wetland plant, commonly cranberries grows on poor, acid soils and are characterized as nutrients low requiring crop, however, balanced plant nutrition is vitally important to realize the full potential of cranberries as crop, to ensure adequate growth and yield production. Previous results obtained by authors from different cranberry producing plantings in Latvia frequently showed inadequate cranberry tissue supply with N and P. A field trial were established to examine the impact of N and P fertilizer rates on cranberry yield, fruit quality, morphological factors, and mineral element supply. Field experiments on cranberry cultivar �Bergman� were conducted during 2019 cropping season in a commercial plantation established on an excavated peat bog in Latvia. The cranberries received five levels of N (0 to 40 kg N ha-1) and P (0 to 30 kg P ha-1) as well as N and P treatment combinations applied in spring. Cranberry leaf analyses and soil (peat) testing were used as a diagnostics tool to reveal nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Mo, B), soil pH and EC status. In general, crop characters were significantly influenced by different levels of N and P. As expected, the results showed that combined N and P treatments with the highest rates: N30/P20 and N40/P30 resulted in the highest yields and yield parameters, as well as ensured optimal N and P concentrations in cranberry tissues. It should be noted that the rates of applied fertilizers were environmentally safe as the nutrient concentrations recommended for peat growing medium were not exceeded.
SOIL PROPERTIES OF CHROMIC CAMBISOLS FROM THE UPPER THRACIAN LOWLAND IN THE SOUTHERN BULGARIA
Authors: Dimitrov Emil , Nenov Martin , Shishkov Toma
Published: February 2023

The paper deals with soil properties characterized the intrinsic peculiarity of studied Chromic Cambisols from the Upper Thracian Lowland, in the Southern Bulgaria. To fulfill the aim, a systematic survey and sampling have been carried out on the terrain with conventional and organic systems of farming. Soil physical, chemical and physicochemical properties were discussed including the analyzed data for particle size distribution, content and composition of organic substances, cation exchange capacity, soil bulk density, soil particle density and porosity. The organic matter was directly dependent on the local environmental conditions, the result of natural bioactivity. Soil adsorbent was affected by acidification in the surface horizon so there was evidence of initial destructive processes of the soil adsorption complex, despite the relatively high degree of soil saturation with bases. The comparison between conventional and organic farming showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the studied soil indexes, that could be provoked by the farming system applied at the trials.
LAYERS OF VICTIM: DISKURSUS TENTANG KOMPENSASI KORBAN TERORISME DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KETAHANAN NASIONAL
Authors: Leebarty Taskarina  , Nuri Widiastuti Veronika  , Adrianus E. Meliala
Published: February 2023

Terorisme pada dasarnya bertujuan memproduksi viktimisasi berskala besar. Kebijakan negara terbaru dalam konteks kompensasi korban terorisme nyatanya masih menyisakan masalah. Artikel riset ini bertujuan untuk mengkritisi dan mendalami kebijakan terbaru terkait kompensasi korban terorisme dari perspektif ketahanan nasional. Argumentasi yang dikembangkan adalah mengklasifikasikan korban terorisme dengan menggandeng eskalasi ancaman dan serangan terorisme. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur serta wawancara informal. Literatur yang digunakan merupakan buku, jurnal, laporan dan dokumen terbatas dari BNPT dan LPSK. Wawancara informal dilakukan kepada empat orang pejabat dan analis kebijakan di level teknis di kedua lembaga untuk menggali kebenaran data dan informasi yang diperoleh dari literatur. Analisis tulisan ini menemukan adanya hidden victims akibat terorisme masa lalu yang belum terakomodasi. Layers of victim yang diusulkan dalam penelitian ini merupakan cara pandang baru melihat realitas korban terorisme, wacana ini setidaknya mampu mengidentifikasi, mengkaji dan mengindeks kerugian korban terorisme tidak hanya berdasarkan dampak dan kerugian, tetapi juga tingkat risiko sesuai eskalasi serangan sehingga penanganan korban menjadi lebih proporsional dan sesuai dengan asas keadilan. Kolaborasi wacana ini dapat memperkaya studi ketahanan nasional dan mendorong penetapan eskalasi ancaman terorisme sebagai indikator utama strategi kontraterorisme yang komprehensif.
Strategi Pemulihan Ekonomi Pasca Pandemi Melalui Sektor Umkm dan Pariwisata
Authors: Edy Sutrisno
Published: February 2023

Wabah Covid-19 yang telah menginfeksi hampir seluruh belahan dunia berdampak pada semua dimensi, baik itu sosial, politik maupun ekonomi. Dampaknya sangat dirasakan khususnya UMKM dan pariwisata, karena kedua sektor tersebut memiliki pengaruh yang besar terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, oleh karena itu perlu ada strategi khusus dalam pemulihan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keadaan ekonomi dunia akibat pandemi, strategi pemulihan ekonomi di sektor UMKM dan pariwisata. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan teknik analisis isi dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, terdapat beberapa negara yang memberikan subsidi gaji kepada tenaga kerja, mendorong perkembangan inovasi, relaksasi pinjaman dan digitalisasi baik di UMKM maupun pariwisata. Sementara itu, strategi pemulihan ekonomi Indonesia di sektor UMKM adalah: memberikan pendampingan kepada pelaku usaha, pemberian insentif perpajakan, relaksasi dan restrukturisasi kredit, perluasan pembiayaan modal kerja, product support, dan pelatihan e-learning. Kemudian strategi pemulihan ekonomi di bidang pariwisata, pengembangan produk pariwisata, pengembangan destinasi wisata, pengembangan sumber daya manusia pariwisata, pengembangan kelembagaan pariwisata, dan pengelolaan infrastruktur pariwisata.
Pengaruh Politik Identitas terhadap Demokrasi di Indonesia
Authors: I Putu Sastra Wingarta  , Berlian Helmy  , Dwi Hartono  , I Wayan Mertadana  , Reda Wicaksono
Published: February 2023

Pasca reformasi kehidupan bangsa indonesia menghadapi tantangan merebaknya politik identitas yang mengedepankan golongan atau symbol tertentu guna mendapatkan pengaruh politik. Apabila hal ini dibiarkan akan mengganggu ketahanan nasional dan kualitas demokrasi di indonesia. Fenomena ini perlu dicari solusinya,  agar keran demokrasi yang ada dapat dipergunakan dengan sesuai koridor hukum di indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan kajian strategik jangka panjang tentang pengaruh politik identitas terhadap demokrasi di indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan metode analisis kritis/deskriptif yang dilakukan melalui proses Focus Group Discussion (FGD), berbagai sumber kepustakaan (studi literatur)  dan  Round  Table  Discussion  (RTD). Kemunculan politik identitas mencerminkan belum tercapainya transformasi masyarakat menuju masyarakat yang demokratis. Demokrasi masih bersifat “eksklusif” dan “transaksional”, belum “transformasional". Belum mengakarnya ideologi Partai Politik di masyarakat mengakibatkan masyarakat tidak memiliki preferensi pasti dalam memilih, sehingga  partai politik saat ini selain menggunakan  praktek money politics untuk mendulang suara, dan juga menggunakan populisme simbol identitas berbasis “agama” dan “non-agama”. Praktek Politik Identitas secara negatif berpengaruh pada pelaksanaan demokrasi di Indonesia yang masih belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan cita-cita demokrasi. Dalam hal ini pemerintah bersama masyarakat perlu meningkatkan edukasi politik agar tercipta masyarakat yang rasional dan mampu berpartisipasi sesuai koridor demokrasi yang ada di Indonesia.
A Case Report Depicting an Implant-Supported Prosthetic Rehabilitation of an immunocompromised Patient with a Bilateral Subtotal Maxillectomy Defect Secondary to Mucormycosis
Authors: Tyagi Dr. Manjulika , Trivedi Dr. Anshul , Mowar Dr. Apoorva
Published: February 2023

Prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients with subtotal maxillary resection involving the maxillae, hard and soft palates, and paranasal sinuses presents a significant challenge in restoring speech, deglutition, mastication, and respiration. This clinical report describes the prosthodontic management of a patient who developed mucormycosis subsequent to second molar extraction. Zygomatic and pterygoid implants were used to provide retention, support, and stability of a definitiveobturator.
Study of the adhesion between TPU and PLA in multi-material 3D printing
Authors: Brancewicz-Steinmetz E. , Vergara R.D.V. , Buzalski V.H. , Sawicki J.
Published: February 2023

In the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF/FDM) technology, the multi-material manufacturing additive method is achieved by a single nozzle or multiple nozzles working simultaneously with different materials. However, the adhesion between different materials at the boundary interface in FDM multi-material printing is a limiting factor. These studies are concerned with improving and study the adhesion between two polymers.Due to the numerous applications and possibilities of 3D printed objects, combining different materials has become a subject of interest. PLA is an alternative to the use of petrochemical-based polymers. Thermoplastic Polyurethane is a flexible material that can achieve different characteristics when combined with a rigid filament, such as PLA. To improve the adhesion between PLA and TPU in multi-material FFF/FDM, we propose the comparison of different processes: post-processing with acetone immersion, surface activation during printing with Acetone, surface activation during printing with tetrahydrofuran, post-processing annealing, and connection of printed parts with tetrahydrofuran.Modifying the 3D printing process improved the quality of the adhesive bond between the two different polymers. Activation of the surface with THF is the treatment method recommended by the authors due to the low impact on the deformation/degradation of the object.In the study, adhesion was considered in relation to the circular pattern of surface development. Further analysis should include other surface development patterns and changes in printing parameters, e.g. process temperatures and layer application speed.3D printing with multi-materials, such as PLA biopolymer and thermoplastic polyurethane, allows for the creation of flexible connections. The strengthening of the biopolymer broadens the possibilities of using polylactide. Examples of applications include: automotive (elements, where flexible TPU absorbs vibrations and protects PLA from cracking), medicine (prostheses with flexible elements ensuring mobility in the joints).Multi-material printing is a new trend in 3D printing research, and this research is aimed at promoting the use and expanding the possibilities of using PLA biopolymer.
Agrármonitoring rendszer geometriai pontosságának tájökológiai szempontú, távérzékeléses ellenőrzési módszerekkel történő vizsgálata
Authors: Molnár Dániel
Published: February 2023

Az európai tájképet leginkább meghatározó mezőgazdasági területek jogszerű használói a termesztett növénykultúrák területe alapján vagy művelés hiányában, de az uniós és nemzeti jogszabályok által előírtak szerint támogatható állapotban tartott területeken, illetve egyéb vidékfejlesztési intézkedések keretében területalapú kifizetésekben részesülhetnek. A területalapú támogatások igénylésének jogosságát az Európai Bizottság szabályai alapján a tagállamnak ellenőriznie kell. Az Európai Bizottság Mezőgazdasági és Vidékfejlesztési Főigazgatósága (DG AGRI: Directorate-General for Agriculture and Rural Development) által 1993 óta szorgalmazott és 1998-ban Közös Kutatóközpontjának (JRC: Joint Research Centre) delegált és általa bevezetett távérzékeléses ellenőrzése (CwRS: Control with Remote Sensing) tekinthető az ellenőrzés legrobusztusabb technikájának. A nagyfelbontású (<=1m) ortofotókra alapozott távérzékeléses ellenőrzést 2020tól leváltani hivatott az ESA Sentinel műholdcsaládjának kisfelbontású (=>10m) felvételeire alapozott monitoring rendszer, melynek legfontosabb változását a geometriai felbontás romlását kompenzáló időbeli felbontás jelentős javulása hozza. Korábbi vizsgálatok rámutattak arra, hogy az Integrált Irányítási és Ellenőrzési Rendszer (IACS: Integrated Administration and Control System) CwRS folyamatához használt technikai tolerancia meghatározásához a JRC által kidolgozott módszert milyen szubjektív tényezők befolyásolhatják. Jelen vizsgálat pedig ezen eredmények figyelembevétele mellett tesz kísérletet az új monitoring rendszer jellemzésére a klasszikus CwRS eszközeivel. A jogszabályi környezet megfelelő igazításával, monitoring szinten 10-ről 0,5 méterre újramintavételezett Sentinel kép alapján történő kézi lehatárolás utólagos, a fizikai blokkokkal történő korrigálása után kapott 2,14 méteres technikai tolerancia érték a kifizetések jogosságnak vizsgálatához elfogadható lehet, de a táji sokszínűséget romboló beavatkozások detektálása szempontjából további veszélyt hordozhat.
Complex characterization of kurgans in the Csanádi-hát region, Hungary
Authors: Bede Ádám , Csathó András István
Published: February 2023

During the inventory of the mounds of the Körös-Maros National Park, the completre characterisation of those situated in the Csanádi-hát micro-region was conducted as well. We visited every existing and already destroyed prehistoric burial mound (most of them are Yamnaya kurgans from the Late Copper Age) based mainly on maps of the 18th and 19th centuries. We prepared a complete list of vascular plant species of each kurgan, except those ones where the total surface was ploughed. The investigated area covers 1039.41 km2. 254 kurgans were documented. From these, 64 have been already carried away or destroyed (25.2% of the total number of mounds). We have evaluated the still existing 190 kurgan’s recent stage (74.8%). 96 features (37.8%) from the total amount are used as arable fields, these were inadequate for botanical studies. On 94 mounds (37.0%), despite the annually changing agricultural utilization, different vegetation fragments were documented (forest-belts, alleys, roadside, channel banks, triangulation points, cemeteries, etc.). Several burial mounds are still preserved as fragments of the ancient loess meadow STEPPE and forest steppe vegetation. Some of the valuable plant species found dining the study are: Agropyron cristatum, Ajuga laxmannii, Carduus hamulosus, Chamaecytisus virescens, Glaucium corniculatum, Hylotelephium maximum, Inula germanica, Ornithogalum pyramidale, Papaver hybridum, Phlomis tuberosa, Ranunculus illyricus, Rosa gallica, Sternbergia colchiciflora, Vinca herbacea. Despite the fact that nature and heritage protection laws provide national conservation for these kurgans, the practical operation of the legislative is not solved. For the long-term conservation of the special vegetation of kurgans it would be required to take out the entire surface of the most valuable mounds from agricultural production and maintain their habitat (abandonment of ploughing). With the introduction of the cross compliance system (common agricultural policy of European Union), forward-looking practical initiatives have already been taken.
A területhasználat változása a Rákos-patak vízgyűjtőjén 1990-től
Authors: Saeidi Sahar , Grósz János , Sebők András , Deganutti De Barros Vinicius , Waltner István
Published: February 2023

A tanulmány célja a Rákos-patak vízgyűjtő területén bekövetkező változások nyomon követése az 1990-2018-as időszak között. Ehhez a CORINE rendszerén alapuló, 5 időpontból származó adatbázisok képezték az alapot, melyek segítségével kategóriákra lehetett osztani a terület tájhasználati besorolását. A vízgyűjtő területet két részre osztva (a fővárosi szakasz, mint Alsó-Rákos, és az agglomeráció érintette Felső- Rákos), kimutatható, hogy a fővárosi szakaszon nem történt érdemi változás a vizsgált 28 éves időszakban, de a Felső-Rákos jellemezte szakaszon részben erősödő városi hatás, részben pedig átalakuló mezőgazdasági tájhasználat tapasztalható. Összességében a területet célzó programok főleg az infrastruktúra kiépülésében érhetőek tetten, a vizes élőhelyek erősödését a következő évek felmérései mutathatják meg.
Konvencionális, ökológiai és permakultúrás gazdaságok környezeti fenntarthatósága
Authors: Szilágyi Alfréd , Podmaniczky László , Mészáros Dóra
Published: February 2023

Az ökológiai és konvencionális gazdálkodási rendszerek fenntarthatóságáról több átfogó tanul- mány született, ugyanakkor a permakultúrát korábban nem vizsgálták tudományos igényességgel. Kutatásunk során e három gazdálkodási típus környezeti fenntarthatóságát vizsgáltuk, típusonként 10-10 gazdaság bevoná- sával. A környezeti fenntarthatóság méréséhez a FAO által publikált SAFA keretrendszerre épülő SMART indi- kátor rendszert használtuk, amelyet a svájci FiBL fejlesztett ki. Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy a permakultúrás gazdaságok a környezeti dimenzió minden témájában jobban teljesítettek a konvencionális gazda- ságoknál, és több esetben az ökológiai gazdaságoknál is. A jövőben célszerű nagyobb elemszámú kutatásokat végezni, amelyek alátámasztják a közölt eredményeket és a kutatási módszertan fejlesztését is lehetővé teszik.
Sarkad település és környezetének földhasználat-történeti vizsgálata
Authors: Kiss Ágnes , Bóka Gergely , Saláta Dénes , Pető Ákos
Published: February 2023

A bronzkori földvárak környezettörténeti és településtörténeti vizsgálatsorozatának keretében a Békés megyei Sarkad–Vár-tábla lelőhely tájtörténeti változásait, a táji folyamatok lelőhelyre gyakorolt lehetséges hatásait vizsgáltuk. Jelen kutatás célja az e vizsgálat keretében kijelölt Sarkad–Vár-tábla földvár többkorszakos lelőhely és környezetének tájtörténeti feltárása az írott és térképes források segítségével. A feltárt tájtörténeti információk alapján fény derült arra, hogy Sarkad és környezetének egykori vizekkel és mocsarakkal tarkított tája az állattartásnak kedvezett leginkább. A folyószabályozásokat követően a korábbi erdők, legeltetett területek és vizenyős, nádas foltok eltűntek, hiszen ezzel szabadítottak fel újabb területeket a szántóföldi művelés számára. A lakosság növekedésével párhuzamosan a szántóterületek aránya is nőtt, leginkább az erdők rovására, amelyek újbóli telepítése a II. világháborút követően indult csak meg. 1945-re a korábbi rét- és legelőterületeket felváltotta a szántó, amely a hasznosított területek 80%-át tette ki. A lelőhely területe régóta szántóföldi művelés alatt áll, így mára az egykori földvárnak csak csekély felszínfeletti nyoma látható. A vizsgált terület környezetének legjelentősebb földhasználat-változásai a folyók szabályozása, az erdők irtása majd újbóli telepítése, illetve az egyre intenzívebb földművelés térhódítása voltak. Ezen tevékenységek a táj egykori arculatát teljesen átformálták, a megváltoztatott művelés pedig a földvár gyorsabb pusztulását eredményezte.
Nitrate loss from fertilized crop fields: does slope steepness matter?
Authors: Jakab Gergely , Karsai Gergely , Szalai Zoltán , Szabó Judit
Published: February 2023

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients that plants and microbiota need. In general, under temperate conditions its availability in soil limits biological production especially on intensively cultivated crop fields. Cultivation gradually mitigates organic carbon and nitrogen content of the soil hence a continuous N supply is of crucial importance for reasonable crop production. Therefore, N fertilization is a necessity that has additional environmental effects. Most of the applied fertilizers contain inorganic N, mainly nitrate, which is soluble in water and, accordingly, mobile in the soil. Nitrate can be delivered from the soil by surface runoff or percolation to the deeper layers and the ground water. Present study aimed to compare nitrate losses triggered by the same precipitation event (40 mm h-1) on different slope steepness (5 and 12%) and soil status (seedbed; sealed and crusted condition) on a Cambisol right after inorganic N fertilizer (100 kg ha-1) application using laboratory rainfall simulation. Results indicated that at each precipitation event, only the first 0.5 mm runoff contained considerable amount of nitrate (~170 mg L-1), while main loss was due to percolation (also ~170 mg L1 but all along the percolation period). Accordingly, slope steepness (and also surface conditions) affects nitrate loss via controlling the volume of infiltrated and percolated water. Namely, the crusted steeper slope had the lowest nitrate loss, because most precipitation water was turned to runoff. Evaporation from the soil surface between the precipitations generated upward moisture movement in the profile that finally triggered a higher nitrate concentration on the surface. This N was supposed to be the reason of the increased nitrate content of initial runoff. Accordingly, nitrate loss is inversely proportional to slope steepness, although the effect is subordinate.
Tájhasználati változások a Tihanyi-félszigeten
Authors: Barczi Attila , Grónás Viktor , Nagy Valéria
Published: February 2023

A természeti adottságokhoz alkalmazkodó tájhasználat – különös tekintettel a mezőgazdálkodásra – sokat változott az utóbbi több mint egy évszázad alatt. A mezőgazdasági hasznosítás már a századelőn sem vette figyelembe a talajtani adottságokat: az emberi beavatkozás jelentősen átalakította a Tihanyi-félsziget talajait. Ezen túlmenően jelentős mértékben megnövekedett a beépített területek aránya, és elsősorban a szántók, illetve a szőlők alatt felgyorsult a talajpusztulás. A félsziget védetté nyilvánításával a terület ökológiai adottságainak jobban megfelelő gazdálkodás kialakítására nyílt lehetőség, amely a talajadottságokhoz is jobban illeszkedő kisebb mértékű mezőgazdasági hasznosítást jelent. A természetvédelem az eredeti ökológiai helyzetnek megfelelően visszaállította a lecsapolt területek vízborítását, visszatelepítette a hajdani nagyobb kiterjedésű erdőfoltokat és gondozza a szárazgyepeket. Jelenleg a terület lakosságának a mezőgazdálkodás mellett az idegenforgalomból származik a jövedelme, azonban ez utóbbi tényező is károsít(hat)ja a félsziget védett értékeit és talajait. Eredeti, természetközeli állapotukban csak a sziklagyepek, a bokorerdők és a visszaállított lápterületek maradtak meg.
Landscape disruption or just a lack of economic benefits? Exploring factors behind the negative perceptions of wind turbines
Authors: Frantál Bohumil , Van Der Horst Dan , Kunc Josef , Jaňurová Martina
Published: February 2023

This paper provides new empirical evidence on the hypothesis that the perception of landscape disruption by wind turbines is a substantially subjective and relative matter. It is based on a survey involving nearly five hundred residents living in six different locations with operational wind turbines in the Czech Republic. Geographical and socioeconomic factors and sociodemographic characteristics that affect local community perceptions of landscape disruption are explored using correlations and a regression analysis model. The results suggest that the expressed perception of landscape disruption is not determined by the number of existing wind turbines, the proximity of residences to them and their visibility from the home but is significantly affected by the perception of the economic favourability of projects (benefits to local communities), perception of other negative impacts of wind turbines (particularly the noise annoyance) and the socio-cultural background of people (particularly the level of education).