bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rete Ligure HIV: Descrizione di una Coorte Regionale.
Authors: Crupi Lorenzo , al. et
Published: September 2021

L’osservazione a lungo termine delle persone con infezioneda HIV (PLWH) richiede strumenti tecnologici appropriati ela possibilità di condividere i dati con altri centri e coorti. Descriveremouna coorte di PLWH in follow up presso i centridi Malattie Infettive dell’ospedale San Martino di Genova edell’ospedale Borea di Sanremo.La rete Ligure HIV (RLHIV) permette di esportare i dati digitalidirettamente e anonimamente dai database ospedalieri.Abbiamo raccolto i dati di una popolazione di PLWH in followup tra il 2016 e il 2020, includendo tutti i pazienti conalmeno una conta dei CD4+ e un esame della carica viraleall’anno.La coorte è composta da 1628 PLWH (1072 maschi). Nel2020 sono stati visti1223 pazienti (814 maschi) e 37 decessiosservati complessivamente. Gli stranieri erano 188(15,37%). Età media ed età media alla diagnosi erano rispettivamente54 e 35 anni (51 e 35 nel 2016). Il rapporto sessualeè la modalità di trasmissione prevalente: 612 (50,09%)casi. 12 PLWH (0,99%) avevano HIV-RNA>200 copie/mL e1181 (96,64%) HIV-RNA<50 copies/mL. I pazienti con CD4+>500 erano 931 (76,12%), e con CD4+ <200 37 (3,03%).Sono state osservate 20 coinfezioni con HCV e HCV-RNArilevabile (1,64%), mentre erano 140 nel 2016. Il trattamentocon Single Tablet Regimens era prescritto a 648 persone(52,98%).Le PLWH in Liguria invecchiano, nonostante l’aumento deipazienti stranieri. Il dato sulla trasmissione sessuale correlacon quello nazionale. I livelli medi di CD4+ aumentano el’obiettivo OMS del 90% dei pazienti in soppressione viraleè raggiunto. Il progetto che mira a eradicare la coinfezionecon HCV è ben avviato.
Igualdade de gênero no corfebol
Authors: Silva Renata Laudares , Tavares Giselle Helena , Machado Afonso Antônio
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Analisar de que maneira os usuários do Facebook utilizam a hashtag na organização dos conteúdos relacionados ao corfebol e as questões relacionadas à igualdade de gênero e em quais formatos se dão essas postagens nesta rede social. Metodologia: Buscou-se as hashtags #Korfball #Corfebol #GenderEquality e #MixedGenderSport no Facebook e as mesmas foram analisadas sob a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo no período de 1 a 15 de agosto de 2019. Resultados e discussão: os resultados geraram duas categorias: hashtags utilizadas na marcação das postagens e conteúdos abordados – igualdade de gênero. Considerações Finais: Pode-se perceber que o Facebook se mostrou um espaço interessante no que tange à difusão de conteúdos relacionados às questões de gênero e as hashtags neste contexto, foram ressignificadas.
O cultivo da mandioca por um povo indígena adventista na Amazônia
Authors: Monticelli Caio
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a maneira pela qual os Taurepáng, povo indígena que vive no norte do estado de Roraima, cultivam a mandioca. De modo complementar, busca-se analisar como a prática ritual da religião adventista por parte dos moradores do Bananal, a maior comunidade taurepáng no Brasil, se relaciona com essa atividade. Ao longo do cultivo da mandioca, os Taurepáng precisam estar atentos a uma série de cuidados para com a planta, pois, capaz de retribuir afetos e desafetos, ela se vinga das pessoas que a desrespeitam. Porém, em vez de recorrerem ao possível espírito dono da mandioca para obter sucesso na plantação, os Taurepáng do Bananal optam por uma alternativa inerente à sua escolha religiosa: reivindicar Jesus Cristo enquanto entidade superior aos donos das espécies animais e vegetais que povoam o cosmos.
Apresentação
Authors: Lovo Arianne Rayis , Assumpção Karine
Published: September 2021

A partir de dezembro de 2019, o mundo parou de muitas maneiras. Talvez não como desejasse Krenak, para que fosse feita a recuperação do Watu, entidade ancestral adoecida há décadas pela atividade extrativista de minérios na região de Minas Gerais, onde habita seu povo. O rio Doce está doente, explica o autor, porque o modo de vida pautado pelo neoliberalismo separa a humanidade e a Terra e os coloca como elementos distintos, quando são, para seu povo, indissociáveis. Indissociável: rio, humanidade, mundo.
COMBINATION OF EFFLEURAGE AND KNEADING MASSAGE CAN REDUCE INTENSITY OF DYSMENORRHEA
Authors: Rahmawati Putri Lisdiana , Dwiningsih Sri Ratna , Herawati Lilik
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackground : Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain has an impact in various aspects of life. There are many methods for treating dysmenorrhea like pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy. Massage is one of the non-pharmacological therapies used to treat dysmenorrhoea. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of effluence and kneading massage on decreasing the intensity of dysmenorrhoea pain in adolescents. Method: This research method is experimental with a pretest - posttest control group design research design. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. A total of 20 respondents were divided into 4 groups, namely the control group, the effleurage massage group, the kneading massage group, and the combination of effleurage and kneading massage groups. The instrument used was the observation sheet of the pain level Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Results: The test results showed that there were differences in the intensity of dysmenorrhoea pain before and after intervention of effleurage, kneading, and combination of effleurage and kneading massage. The test results also showed a difference in decrease in the intensity of dysmenorrhea for all groups with a value of p = 0.009. The combination of effleurage and kneading massage is the best treatment to decrease the intensity of dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: there are differences in the effect of giving a combination of effleurage and kneading massage to the intensity of dysmenorrhoea, and the combination of effleurage and kneading massage is the best treatment to reduce the intensity of dysmenorrhoea.
PHYSIOLOGICAL JAUNDICE OF FIRST BREAST MILK (COLOSTRUM) IN HOSPITAL AIRLANGGA UNIVERSITY
Authors: Sari Vista Claudia , Irwanto Irwanto , Fatmaningrum Widati , Martono Martono
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: 60-70% of newborns have jaundice and can potentially become pathological jaundice. The effects of jaundice are often incurable, can cause disability to mental retardation. Jaundice is one of the causes of neonatal death. Jaundice accounts for 6% of neonatal deaths. Breastfeeding especially colostrum is often associated as one of the factors that can influence the occurrence of jaundice in newborns. Method: This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population is all newborns at Airlangga University Hospital, Surabaya. The study was conducted from October to November 2019. Non-random sampling technique with total sampling. Results: There were 159 newborns in RSUA from October to November 2019. 14 newborns were not found in medical records, 10 were not given the first breast milk. Of the 135 research samples given the first ASI 18 samples or 13.33% who experienced physiological jaundice. 94.44% of the total sample of 18 who experienced physiological jaundice were babies born to mothers aged 21-35 years. 66.67% of babies with jaundice are infants with mothers as housewives. 61.11% of babies with high school graduation, 72.22% were born by cesarean section, 72.22% were born with a history of clear membranes, and 61.11% were born by primiparous mothers. Conclusion: Newborns were given first breast milk (Colostrum), 85.2% did not experience jaundice, 13.3% experienced physiological jaundice and 1.5% pathological jaundice. Jaundice can occur due to many factors; maternal, neonatal and perinatal factors.
THE IMPACT OF MALNUTRITION ON GROSS MOTORIC GROWTH OF THE CHILDREN WHOSE AGE BETWEEN 3 MONTHS AND 2 YEARS OLD
Authors: Aprilidia Nike , Husada Dominicus , Juniastuti Juniastuti
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground: Malnutrition was one of the health problems that ware a challenge for developing countries. This problem had an impact on all aspects including economic, social, and health status of the nation. From these impacts, other health problems can occur, namely child development disorders, including impaired gross motor development and fine motor. The purposeof this research is to determine the malnutrition against motor development Method: This study was a case control study. The amount of the sample was 106 children, their age were around 3 months till 2 years old in Pakis Surabaya Health Centre. Simple random sampling was the technic which researcher used to take the case sample and purposive sampling was for the control ones. The independent variable was children’s malnutrition and the dependent variable were gross and fine motoric growth of the children. Data collecting was done by observing the children with KPSP questioner. Researcher used Chi-square to analyze the data. Result: Malnutrition didn’t affect children’s gross motoric growth (p= 0.34) and fine motoric growth (0.26). Conclusion: In Pakis primary health center there were 33% children with malnutrition, 28.3% children with gross motoric growth disorder and 35.8% children with fine motoric growth disorder. There wasn’t any association between children’s malnutrition with gross and fine motoric growth of the children.
Variational Anisotropic Gradient-Domain Image Processing
Authors: Farup Ivar
Published: September 2021

Gradient-domain image processing is a technique where, instead of operating directly on the image pixel values, the gradient of the image is computed and processed. The resulting image is obtained by reintegrating the processed gradient. This is normally done by solving the Poisson equation, most oftenly by means of a finite difference implementation of the gradient descent method. However, this technique in some cases lead to severe haloing artefacts in the resulting image. To deal with this, local or anisotropic diffusion has been added as an ad-hoc modification of the Poisson equation. In this paper, we show that a version of anisotropic gradient-domain image processing can result from a more general variational formulation through the minimisation of a functional formulated in terms of the eigenvalues of the structure tensor of the differences between the processed gradient and the gradient of the original image. Example applications of linear and non-linear local contrast enhancement and colour image daltonisation illustrate the behaviour of the method.
Exploratory Study on Application of MALDI-TOF-MS to Detect SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Saliva
Authors: Costa Monique Melo , Martin Hugo , Estellon Bertrand , Dupé François-Xavier , Saby Floriant , Benoit Nicolas , Tissot-Dupont Hervé , Million Matthieu , Pradines Bruno , Granjeaud Samuel , Almeras Lionel
Published: September 2021

SARS-CoV-2 caused a large outbreak since its emergence in December 2019. The COVID-19 diagnosis became a priority to isolate and treat infected individuals in order to break the contamination chain. Currently, the reference test for COVID-19 diagnosis is the molecular detection (RT-qPCR) of the virus from nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples. Although this sensitive and specific test remains the gold standard, it has several limitations, such as the invasive collection method, the relative high cost and the duration of the test. Moreover, the material shortage to perform tests due to the discrepancy between the high demand for tests and the production capacities puts additional constraints on RT-qPCR. Here, we propose a PCR-free method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 based on Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiling and machine learning (ML) models from salivary samples. Kinetic saliva samples were collected at enrollment and ten and thirty days later (D0, D10 and D30), to assess the classification performance of the ML models compared to the molecular tests performed on NPS specimens. Spectra were generated using an optimized protocol of saliva collection and successive quality control steps were developed to ensure the reliability of spectra. A total of 360 averaged spectra were included in the study. At D0, the comparison of MS spectra from SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (n=105) with healthy healthcare controls (n=51) revealed nine peaks that significantly distinguished the two groups. Among the five ML models tested, Support Vector Machine with Linear Kernel (SVM-LK) provided the best performance on the training dataset (accuracy = 85.2 %, sensitivity = 85.1 %, specificity = 85.3 %, F1-Score = 85.1 %). The application of the SVM-LK model on independent datasets confirmed it performances with 88.9% and 80.8% of correct classification for samples collected at D0 and D30, respectively. Conversely, at D10, the proportion of correct classification fallen to 64.3%. The analysis of saliva samples by MALDI-TOF MS and ML appears as an interesting supplementary tool for COVID-19 diagnosis, despite the mitigated results obtained for convalescent patients (D10).
THE INFLUENCE OF PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT AND SELF EFFICACY ON WORK ENGAGEMENT AT PT BHUMI BHAKTI SUKSES PERSADA
Authors: Conoras Sagita Noviyandini , Dr. Widya Parimita, S.E., M.P.A  , Dr. Agung Wahyu Handaru, S.T., M.M.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is : 1) To find out the description of perceived organizational support, self efficacy, and work engagement of employee in PT Bhumi Bhakti Sukses Persada. 2) To find out the influence of perceived organizational support on work engagement of employee in PT Bhumi Bhakti Sukses Persada. 3) To find out the influence of self efficacy on work engagement of employee in PT Bhumi Bhakti Sukses Persada. 4) To find out the influence of perceived organizational support and self efficacy on work engagement of employee in PT Bhumi Bhakti Sukses Persada. The study used 70 respondents as a sample. Data collection technique using survey methods by distributing questionnaires which then processed with SmartPLS version 3. This research used descriptive and explanatory analysis. The result obtained from PLS analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence between perceived organizational support and self efficacy on work engagement. Variable of perceived organizational support and self efficacy is able to influence of work engagement in employees of PT Bhumi Bhakti Sukses Persada with t-statistical value for the perceived organizational support variable on work engagement (3,638 > 1.96) and signification value of (0.000 < 0.005), for self efficacy variables to work engagement has a t-statistical value of (2,876 > 1.96) and a significance value of (0.004 < 0.05), while for perceived organizational support and self efficacy towards work engagement have a t-statistical value of (21,990 > 1.96) with a value of significance (0.000 < 0.05).Keyword : Perceived Organizational Support, Self Efficacy, Work Engagement, Employee
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Food Quality, and Perceived Value on Repurchase Intention Through Customer Satisfaction as Intervening Variables in The Pandemi Covid-19 Era (Study On "Chatime" Bubble Drink Products)
Authors: Muhajir Mohc. Velian , Indarwati Tias Andarini
Published: September 2021

Bubble drink products are one of the beverage trends that have developed this year, even during the Covid 19 pandemic. One of the bubble drink brands that is in demand by the public especially teenagers in Indonesia is Chatime, in which consumers do not buy Chatime just once. The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of corporate social responsibility, food quality, customer satisfaction, on repurchase intention, through customer satisfaction. The research sampling techniques used are nonprobability sampling by judgmental sampling. This study focuses on Chatime consumers who bought Chatime products during a pandemic Covid-19. The data analysis technique is used path analysis. The results show that CSR has a negative effect on repurchase intention and customer satisfaction, food quality has a positive effect on repurchase intention and customer satisfaction, perceived value has a negative effect on repurchase intention, but has a positive effect on customer satisfaction.
Observation of silver carp spawning in a Mississippi River tributary
Authors: Killgore K. , George Steven
Published: September 2021

This technical note seeks to better understand spawning cues of invasive carp for management and control purposes.
Healthcare resource utilization of spinal muscular atrophy in the Brazilian Unified Health System: a retrospective database study
Authors: Barbour Julio , Araujo Alexandra , Zanoteli Edmar , França Jr Marcondes , Ritter Alessandra , Casarin Fabiana , Julian Guilherme , Yazawa Priscila , Mata Veronica , Carlos Nayara
Published: September 2021

Resumo
Keep Your ESPs Running: Case Studies Exhibiting a Holistic Methodology for Run-Life Improvement
Authors: Camilleri Lawrence , Watson Arthur , Liu Yan , El-Gindy Mohammed
Published: September 2021

Build a more robust ESP or reduce the stress it endures? Run-life improvement requires finding the right balance to suit the local well conditions and economics. Utilizing key case studies, the paper examines how operational stress caused by low flow rates can be avoided with the correct utilization of instrumentation, surveillance, and automation thereby providing practical solutions for extending the run life of already installed ESPs. The method starts with an extensive review of ESP failure mechanisms and their causes, supported by case studies and pictures illustrating the symptoms that can be observed during dismantling. This holistic technique is supported by several case studies. The common "thread" found on most failure mechanisms is temperature rise inside the ESP, which deteriorates properties of materials, including polymer insulation, elastomer seals, and metallic parts. Heat rise is attributed to three main causes: motor thermal losses, pump hydraulic losses, and frictional heat. Case studies and data sets are provided to confirm that a paradigm shift in mitigation improvement can be achieved by automating the identification of low flow events utilizing a downhole real-time flowmeter. Three reasons are given. Firstly, it is a leading indicator, whereas surface flow meters and temperature sensors are lagging indicators due to pump-up time and heat exchange respectively. Secondly, automation enables more consistent and cost-effective identification in large ESP populations. Thirdly, it enables deeper diagnostics of the cause of low flow (i.e., gas lock versus slugging, and even the source of slugging such as horizontal lateral versus production tubing). The authors provide an exhaustive list of case studies identifying sand fallback and scale as well as low flow causes and how they can be diagnosed, including differentiation between ESP, wellbore hydraulics, and reservoir inflow causes (e.g. depletion and skin.)

Over the last 30 years, improvements in design and materials have tripled ESP run lives. Therefore, many fields attain six-year average run lives and 90-day survivability of 98%. Nevertheless, economics have tightened, which has raised the bar, and therefore, many operators still suffer uneconomical run lives. Case studies indicate that the next step-change in run life improvement will require a reduction in environmental stresses by mitigating the effect of low-flow events, scale, and sand.
BC10 Field Mudline Pump Operation Case Study: A Deepwater, Long Tie Back, High GVF and High Viscosity Application
Authors: Debacker Igor Vieira , Liney David , Palacios Mariana Ferreira , Fletcher Nicholas
Published: September 2021

The Parque das Conchas (BC10) block offshore southern Brazil's Campos Basin has fields with challenging subsea well conditions (high viscosity and high gas content). The fields require subsea boosting to lift the production to the FPSO facility. The field development was conceived with ten Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESP) installed in dummy wells in three different subsea artificial lift manifolds (ALM) in water depths around 2000m.

In 2018, the first Mudline Pump (MLP) was installed in the BC10 field. The MLP was conceived to be fully compatible with the existing infrastructure and replaced one of the existing seabed Module of Boost (MOBOs) in the Argonauta O-North field.

Argonauta O-North has heavy crude oil and forms tight water-in-oil emulsion. Another challenge in this field is frequent flow instability causing abrupt variations of the Gas Volume Fraction (GVF) at the ALM inlet.

The MLP was commissioned and started up in November of 2018. The initial weeks of operation were marked by frequent trips caused mainly by a non-optimized controller combined with excessive flow transients generated in the flowlines and risers, and lack of understanding of the interaction between the pump and the seafloor flowline, manifold system and production riser.

The main results of the work performed in the first year of MLP operation were to significantly reduce the number of trips, and to optimize MLP oil production.
Qualification and Deployment of the Highest Power ESP in the World
Authors: Rojas Marisela , Merlino Andrew , Liney David , Obst Lawrence , Kotteman Matthew , Horton Andrew , Rivera Robert , Herriman Samuel , King Richard
Published: September 2021

This paper provides an overview of the qualification process of the highest power ESP ever installed into a hydrocarbon production system for artificial lift. The unit was selected and configured to interface with the existing deepwater offshore inflow and outflow systems without changes to the completion string or riser. The overall objective was to maximize the production capacity in terms of lift and flow rate given topsides power supply and running diameter constraints.

The initial requirement was to identify a suitable supplier that could provide a hardware solution with a high technical readiness level. The team first reviewed the hydraulic performance of the existing production systems and modeled the potential for improvement with the new equipment configuration given an expected efficiency and power factor for the proposed motor. The ESP equipment was configured with components that had multiple qualification and validation testing requirements. The motor and associated high voltage connector were key differences from the existing systems. The pump design was modified to accommodate projected operating ranges including additional stages for the necessary head requirements. The new subcomponents were subjected to application specific testing to qualify the designs for operating conditions with multiple technical assurance reviews conducted by the end user and supplier company technical discipline authorities. Full scale flow testing at a dedicated facility (Gasmer) for Caisson gas/liquid separator ESP systems, and component installation stackup tests for fit and interfaces were completed to validate the performance in multiphase flow and identify hardware changes needed for the completion design and the intervention procedures.

The qualification program was completed successfully, and a unit was deployed without incident, into a deepwater mudline caisson that has since been operated for live hydrocarbon production. The performance has met expectations and the unit efficiency and demonstrated capacity will allow for increased production. The use of a detailed qualification program that includes focused testing for individual system components and validation through full scale system integration testing ensures flawless deployment of technology improvements for critical well applications.

The system is the highest power ESP for hydrocarbon production. It includes a novel completion design to accommodate the effective running diameter for the motor. The use of a unique shroud design to stay within running diameter constraints allowed for minor modifications to the completion string design without system changes to the riser or caisson. This was both cost effective and reduced the time needed for development and manufacturing.
ESP Mechanical Shaft Seals: Trials and Tribulations of Lab Testing
Authors: Sheldon John W. , Alhanati Francisco , Schoepp Jared
Published: September 2021

Mechanical Shaft Seals (MSSs) are critical sub-components in Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) Seal Chamber Sections (SCSs), as they are the primary barriers used to isolate wellbore fluids from the motor oil. However, several ESP operators have observed relatively high MSS failure rates in certain applications, resulting in significant impacts on overall ESP system reliability and operational costs. In some cases, during teardowns, wellbore fluids were found in the lower chambers of the SCS, without any signs of damage to the MSSs or the bags/bellows in the SCS. Thus, to improve the run-life of ESP systems in their applications, operators identified the need to better understand the main influential factors affecting leakage rates through the MSS, including factors associated with the MSS characteristics and its operational conditions.

To accomplish this, a test apparatus was built to allow the testing of MSSs in a wide range of operational conditions. This paper summarizes the technical challenges and key learnings that arose from building and commissioning such a test apparatus, as well as conducting several tests on multiple MSSs of a single design.

Through commissioning of the test apparatus and subsequent testing, several limitations of the apparatus were identified and corrected through upgrades. Many of these upgrades were related to ensuring reasonably accurate measurement of the leakage rate through the MSSs, in both directions. Unexpected behaviours of the MSS were also observed during some tests. One example is the interesting phenomenon of reverse-pumping where, under certain conditions, leakage occurs in the opposite direction of the applied differential pressure. Finally, questions arose about the importance of certain aspects of quality control for MSSs and/or SCS assembly procedures.

The above effort to build and commission a MSS testing apparatus has resulted in unique insight into shaft seal behaviour and continues to shine light on gaps in the industry understanding of factors affecting leakage through MSSs. It certainly provides evidence that there are many ‘unknown unknowns’ about MSS performance under challenging downhole operating conditions, and that the effort is worth continuing to support better MSS design/selection, and SCS assembly, as part of improving ESP system reliability.
Reinforcement Learning Control Scheme for Electrical Submersible Pumps
Authors: Chong Jonathan , Kelly Dwayne , Agrawal Shivam , Nguyen Nam , Monzon Mauricio
Published: September 2021

Electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) are closely monitored in surveillance operations because they operate in challenging environments and are subject to stressful events that, if left without intervention, may lead to unplanned shutdowns, decreased run life, or even failures. These events can occur unannounced with different magnitudes of severity due to the large range of operating conditions. Thus, a universally prescriptive response is challenging because each well may require a tailored and dynamic course of action over time. This paper proposes leveraging a powerful multidimensional state engine known as automated events detection (AED), working together with an artificial intelligence agent, to respond to these stressful events and subsequently improve actions using a reinforcement learning (RL) scheme. Motivations of this approach are to move toward more autonomous, self-protecting systems with closed-loop actions and to achieve this at scale across many wells.
CFD Investigation of Downhole Natural Gas Separation Efficiency in the Churn Flow Regime
Authors: Okafor Charles , Verdin Patrick , Hart Phill
Published: September 2021

Downhole Natural Gas Separation Efficiency (NGSE) is flow regime dependent, and current analytical models in certain conditions lack accuracy. Downhole NGSE was investigated through 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) transient simulations for pumping wells in the Churn flow regime. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) multiphase model was considered along with the k – ε turbulence model for most simulations. A mesh independence study was performed, and the final model results validated against experimental data, showing an average error of less than 6 %. Numerical simulation results showed that the steady state assumption used by current mathematical models for churn flow can be inaccurate. Several key parameters affecting the NGSE were identified, and suggestions for key improvements to the widely used mathematical formulations for viscous flow provided. Sensitivity studies were conducted on fluid/geometric parameters and operating conditions, to gain a better understanding of the influence of each parameter on NGSE. These are important results as they equip the ESP engineer with additional knowledge to maximise the NGSE from design stage to pumping operations.
3D Measurement of ESP Motor Skin Thermal Profile in Horizontal SAGD Well
Authors: Waldner Leon , Raum Matthew , Coates Bryan
Published: September 2021

A high-density 3D Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) motor skin thermal measurement project was carried out in an operating Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) well under varying ESP operating conditions. Utilizing high density Bragg grating fiber and a novel fiber optic interrogator technology a fiber optic measurement string was developed to allow for temperature measurement in 4 cm spacing and on 5 sides of an ESP motor. Utilizing this technology, a special ESP motor housing was developed, and a novel means of fiber optic string deployment engineered which allowed an instrumented ESP motor to be installed in an operating SAGD wellbore and a 3D high density thermal profile to be obtained under operating conditions.

The ESP was installed in a SAGD well in a relatively horizontal orientation and utilized a bottom-inflow style pump intake. The ESP was operated in several loading and flow rate scenarios to observe the effects of operating in different conditions. The objective of the testing program was to measure the thermal profile around the circumference and length of the ESP motor both to understand potential temperature differentials across the ESP motor and what thermal transfer may be occurring to the surrounding production fluid passing the ESP motor. The information collected from this testing program is intended to further the understanding of how the thermal profile of the ESP motor correlates with wellbore temperature, ESP motor loading and motor temperature modeling predictions.
Overview of Opportunities and Challenges of Electrical Submersible Pumps ESP in the Geothermal Energy Production Systems
Authors: Shoeibi Omrani Pejman , Van der Valk Kaj , Bos Wim , Nizamutdinov Eduard , Van der Sluijs Laurens , Eilers Joren , Pereboom Hajo , Castelein Koen , Van Bergen Frank
Published: September 2021

The electrical submersible pump (ESP) is an essential and critical component in most low-enthalpy geothermal wells where high volumes of hot (up to 120°C) and harsh geothermal brine is required to be transported to the surface. Despite a great deal of knowledge and experience in the design and operation of ESP in the petroleum and water sector, reliability of geothermal ESPs requires further improvement. Frequent failures have been observed that resulted from sub-optimum design, installation and operation of these systems which made the lifetime of them shorter than the expected 5-7 years. In this paper we summarize the typical conditions in low-enthalpy geothermal systems (specifically in the Netherlands) and several observed reliability challenges. Lastly, we will discuss the gaps between the petroleum, water and geothermal practices and identify a list of R&D opportunities to better understand the geothermal ESP failures and improve ESP reliability. Testing ESPs in realistic geothermal conditions and a proper monitoring of the well-ESP system is crucial to improve the reliability of existing ESP designs and can enable the development of new geothermal ESP system designs.
Whole Cell PatchClamp Electrophysiology in Opsin-Expressing Brain Slice with Visible Lights or UCNPs
Authors: Si Yueguang , Wang Yiting
Published: September 2021

It describes the flow of whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology in mice brain slice.
In Vivo Electrophysiology Recording During Optogenetic Manipulation via UCNPs
Authors: Chen Heming
Published: September 2021

This describes the flow of in vivo electrophysiology recording during optogenetic manipulation via UCNPs.
Mouse Behavior in Virtual Reality System under Optogenetic Manipulation via UCNPs
Authors: Chen Heming
Published: September 2021

It describes the motor test of mouse vias virtual reality system.
Modified Solution Annealing Heat Treatments of Powder Bed Fused Inconel 718
Authors: Alafaghani Ala'aldin , Ablat Muhammad Ali , Qattawi Ala
Published: September 2021

Inconel 718 (IN718) is a superalloy commonly used in aerospace, turbomachinery, and applications with extreme conditions due to its creep and corrosion resistance and high strength and hardness at a wide range of temperatures. The recent development of metal additive manufacturing offers a new approach to fabricate complex IN718 parts with minimal machining. However, additively manufactured IN718 parts suffer from anisotropic mechanical properties and are usually inferior to conventionally produced parts. This is especially noticeable under dynamic loading conditions, where they suffer from lower fatigue strength and life in addition to lower reliability. This study focuses on post-processing heat treatments that aim to homogenize the microstructure of the additively manufactured IN718 and reduce the defects produced during fabrication. In this work, we developed modified solution annealing treatments for IN718 samples, followed by tensile testing. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy imaging were used to evaluate the microstructure. The results show that by increasing the initial heat treatment temperature, better isotropy, Young’s modulus, and ductility were produced at the cost of a slight reduction in the tensile strength. The further rise in the heat treatment temperature increased the grain size significantly and produced unfavourable precipitate morphology, which caused a brittle behaviour.
Designing, Implementation and Evaluation of an E-portfolio for Assessment of Surgical Technologist Students in Iran: a Mixed Method Study
Authors: Sadati Leila , Karami Sahar , Abjar Rana , Tayebi-Arasteh Mehdi , Edalat Fatemeh , kanani pourya , khaneghah Zahra Nouri
Published: September 2021

Background: Building a portfolio is an appropriate method for assessing competency and practice in clinical settings. Portfolio assessment provides opportunities for students to reflect on their performance and therefore could have a critical role in observing students' progress and developing competencies. With the emphasis of modern medical education on e-portfolios, the present study was done to design, implement, and evaluate an electronic portfolio to assess surgical technologist students learning in Iran.Methods: This mixed study was conducted in three stages: "designing," "implementation," and "evaluation." The "design" stage included a literature review, the completion and modification of the list of portfolio items, and content approval by experts. The "implementation" stage involved loading the system, holding workshops for students and clinical preceptors. Finally, the "evaluation" stage included assessing preceptors' and students' satisfaction, knowledge, and clinical skills and recording the number of reflections. Results: The paired sample t-test result shows that students' knowledge and clinical skills significantly improved. More than two-thirds of the students and preceptors were thoroughly satisfied with the e-portfolio assessment. On average, each student had more than three reflections recorded.Conclusions: Using an e-portfolio assessment satisfies students and preceptors, improves surgical technologist students' knowledge and skills, and supports their progress toward achieving professional goals; therefore, it is recommended as a comprehensive and cost-effective assessment method.
Effects of Darkness On Fruit Ripening In Grape And Tomato By RNA-Seq
Authors: Yu Wenbin , Wang Mengting , Yu Kun , Pang Qianqian , Li Shangyun , Guan Lubin , Zheng Ting , Jia Haifeng , Fang Jinggui
Published: September 2021

Light is an important external environment factor which influences all aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit ripening. Transcription regulation of light will provide insights into effect of light for fruit ripening. In this study, we treat grape and tomato fruit with dark or light, and by the RNA-seq method, compare transcriptional level between dark-treated and light-treated fruits. Additionally, we analyzed the metabolome of freshly cut fruit samples in two-treated conditions. In this study, transcriptomic and metabonomic analyses were used to evaluate the effects of shading on the ripening of different climacteric types of fruits (tomato and grape). we showed that shading treatment could inhibited fruit development by down-regulating factors related to fruit ripening-related growth and development. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from treated or non-treated samples with dark were mainly enriched in sugar metabolism and signal transduction, plant hormone biosynthesis and secondary metabolism. At the same time, we used metabonomics to detect different secondary metabolites in tomato and grape. Based on the above data, we established a possible model of shading treatment regulating fruit quality of tomato and grape. We found that the expression of DEGs in sugar metabolism and signal transduction, plant hormone biosynthesis and secondary metabolism differ between tomato and grape after shading treatment, which helps to clarify the possible mechanism of how the response to light in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit.
Cost-Benefit Analysis of Integrated Pest Management in Soybean Crops in the Midwest Region of Brazil
Authors: Wochner Denise , Simonato Juliana , Grigolli José Jurca , Farinha Maycon Saraiva , Bernardo Luciana Mario , Ruviaro Clandio , Gimenes Régio Toesca
Published: September 2021

Soybean is the most traded agricultural commodity in the world and the main agricultural product exported by Brazil. The study was conducted in Midwest region of Brazil, during the 2018/2019 harvest. The conventional pest management carried out by the rural producer and the integrated pest management with biological control carried out by the MS Foundation were compared. After data collection, operational costs were calculated for both managements and subsequently an environmental cost and a cost-benefit analysis of the application of chemical pesticides were performed. An adapted model of environmental cost and cost-benefit analysis was used. The results show the economic viability of adopting biological control in one of the tested areas. This was due to the greater amount of pesticide applications by the farmer in conventional management, showing the importance of analyzing the environmental cost of the pesticides and avoiding products that have a high impact on non-target individuals.
Prevalence, Symptoms and Duration of Post Acute Effects in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Children – a Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Borch Luise , Holm Mette , Knudsen Maria , Ellermann-Eriksen Svend , Hagstroem Soeren
Published: September 2021

Background: Most children have a mild course of acute COVID-19, but only a few mainly non-controlled studies with small sample size, have evaluated the long-term recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection in children (‘long COVID’).Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 37,522 children age 0-17 years with RT-PCR verified SARS-CoV-2 infection and a control group of 78,037 randomly selected children. An electronic questionnaire was sent to both groups of children from March 24th until May 9th 2021.Results: Long COVID symptoms were reported by 12-51% of SARS-CoV-2 infected children. Among pre-school children, fatigue Risk Difference (RD) 0.05 (CI 0.04-0.06), loss of smell RD 0.01 (CI 0.01-0.01), loss of taste RD 0.01 (CI 0.01-0.02) and muscle weakness RD 0.01 (CI 0.00-0.01) were statistically significant symptoms of ‘long COVID’.Among school children the most significant symptoms were loss of smell RD 0.12 (CI 0.12-0.13), loss of taste RD 0.10 (CI 0.09-0.10), fatigue RD 0.05 (CI 0.05-0.06), respiratory problems RD 0.03 (CI 0.03-0.04), dizziness RD 0.02 (CI 0.02-0.03), muscle weakness RD 0.02 (CI 0.01-0.02), and chest pain RD 0.01 (CI 0.01-0.01). Children in the control group experienced significantly more concentration difficulties, headache, muscle- and joint pain, cough, nausea, diarrhea and fever than the SARS-CoV-2 infected. In most children ‘long COVID’ symptoms resolved within 1-5 months.Conclusions: This study provides new evidence of ‘long COVID’ symptoms in children.Trial registration number: The study was approved by The Danish Health Data Authority and registered at Central Denmark region (# 1-16-02-621-20).
Course of Uncomplicated Acute Gastroenteritis in Children Presenting to Out-of-hours Primary Care
Authors: Weghorst Anouk AH , Bonvanie Irma J , Holtman Gea A , de Boer Michiel R , Berger Marjolein Y
Published: September 2021

Background: The aim of this article is to describe the courses of vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and clinical deterioration, in children with uncomplicated gastroenteritis at presentation. This study was performed as a 7-day prospective follow-up study in an out-of-hours primary care service. The course of vomiting, diarrhea, and fever was analyzed by generalized linear mixed modeling. Because young children (≤12 months) and children with severe vomiting are at increased risk of dehydration, the potentially more complicated courses of these groups are described separately. The day(s) most frequently associated with deterioration and the symptoms present in children who deteriorated during follow-up were also described.Results: In total, 359 children presented with uncomplicated acute gastroenteritis to the out-of-hours primary care service. Of these, 31 (8.6%) developed a complicated illness and needed referral or hospitalization. All symptoms decreased within 5 days in most children (>90%). Vomiting and fever decreased rapidly, but diarrhea decreased at a somewhat slower pace, especially among children aged 6–12 months. Children who deteriorated during follow-up had a higher frequency of vomiting at presentation and higher frequencies of vomiting and fever during follow-up.Conclusions: The frequency of vomiting, not its duration, appears to be the more important predictor of deterioration. When advising parents, it is important to explain the typical symptom duration and to focus on alarm symptoms. Clinicians should be vigilant for children with higher vomiting frequencies at presentation and during follow-up because these children are more likely to deteriorate.
MiR-188-5p and MiR-141-3p Promote Bladder Cancer Synergistically via Targeting PTEN to Activate AKT/c-MYC Signal Pathway
Authors: YANG XianXu , LI Zongze
Published: September 2021

MicroRNAs play a key role in the progress of bladder cancer (BC), which may lead to poor prognosis. A single MicroRNA can be used as an independent factor to regulate the progress of BC, while two MicroRNAs can have a synergistic regulatory effect on BC progress. It has been confirmed in our previous studies that miR-188-5p and miR-141-3p demonstrated high expressions in BC tissues and cells, which can promote the progress of BC and affect patient’s prognosis. As a follow-up research, this study has made further exploration in many aspects. We predicted and confirmed that miR-188-5p and miR-141-3p had a common target gene PTEN which had low expression in BC tissues and cells. Down regulation of PTEN can promote the progress of BC, and significantly reverse the inhibitory effect of down-regulated miR-188-5p and miR-141-3p on BC progress. PTEN is a cancer suppressor gene. Experiments further verified that pAKT and c-MYC were downstream effector proteins of PTEN, and their expressions increased with the decrease of PTEN expression. Experiments manifested that down-regulating miR-188-5p and miR-141-3p could significantly inhibit the volume and weight of subcutaneous tumors in mice, and half dose co-transfection of the two miRs made the tumor smaller and lighter. Therefore, it was concluded that miR-188-5p and miR-141-3p promoted the progress of BC synergistically by inhibiting PTEN to activate AKT/c-MYC pathway.
Risk Factors of Healthcare-associated Infections Among Pediatric Hospitalized Patients in Chinese General Hospitals From 2001 to 2020: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ye Danfeng , Cao Lifang , Liu Xinliang , Yuan Chaogang
Published: September 2021

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have been an increasing global public health threat to the globe. Paediatric hospitalized patients are particularly to HAIs and the identification of risk factors is essential to help policy-makers and hospital managers to develop prevention and control strategies. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with HAIs among paediatric hospitalized patients in Chinese general hospitals.Methods: Medline, EMBASE and Chinese Journals Online databases were searched. The search was limited to studies published from January 1st 2001 and December 31st 2020. Meta-analyses of OR in the prevalence were estimated. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed based on the B2 and I2 statistics to select the meta-analysis model. Reviewer Manager 5.3 was employed and P<0.05 was considered as the statistical significance.Results: 205 published articled were searched from the databases, in which 25 studies were included in the quantitative synthesis and meta-analysis for the risk factors of HAIs among paediatric hospitalized patients in Chinese general hospitals. 61,773 paediatric patients were incorporated in the included studies, which covered 13 regions in 10 provinces in China. Of them, 2,438 paediatric patients had HAIs. The meta-analyses showed that the ORs of younger age(2.25[1.32-3.85]), hormone(3.66[1.73-7.74]), invasive procedures(5.62[4.27-7.40]), longer hospitalization stay (7.79[6.38-9.50]), malnutrition(3.72,[1.80-7.70]), over 3 kinds of antibiotics (3.25,[2.66-3.96]), over 3 kinds of underlying disease (4.24[1.84-9.78]), large room (2.22[1.28-3.85)), and autumns and winter (1.56[1.04-2.35)) were the independent risk factors that had a negative impact on HAIs with a statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusions: Under the age of 1 year, application of hormone, experiencing invasive procedure, hospitalization stay more than 7 days, malnutrition, using more than 3 kinds of antibiotics, beyond 3 kinds of underlying disease, large room, and autumn and winter were the main risk factors associated with the higher prevalence of HAIs among paediatric hospitalized patients in Chinese general hospitals. This provided the evidence base to inform the policy-makers and hospital managers. The confirmed successful and cost-effective prevention and control measures need to be adopted to reduce the occurrence of HAIs.