bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Defining nomograms for predicting the prognosis of early and late recurrence in gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy
Authors: Liu Chenming , Tao Feng , Lu Jialiang , Park Sungsoo , An Liang
Published: August 2023

Background: There are few studies on the predictive factors of early recurrence (ER) and late recurrence (LR) of advanced gastric cancer (GC) after curative surgery. Our study aims to explore the independent predictors influencing the prognosis between ER and LR in patients with advanced GC after curative intent surgery respectively. And we will further develop nomograms for prediction of post recurrence survival (PRS).
Materials and Method: Data of patients with GC who received radical gastrectomy was retrospectively collected. Recurrence was classified into ER and LR according to the two years after surgery as the cut-off value. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore significant predictors in our analysis. Then these significant predictors were integrated to construct nomograms.
Results: The 1-, 2- and 3-year probabilities of PRS in patients with ER were 30.00%, 16.36% and 11.82%, respectively. In contrast, the late group were 44.68%, 23.40%, and 23.30%, respectively. Low body mass index (HR=0.86, P=0.001), elevated monocytes count (HR=4.54, P=0.003) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (HR=1.03, P=0.037) at the time of recurrence were risk factors of PRS after ER. Decreased hemoglobin (HR=0.97, P=0.008) and elavated neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (HR=1.06, P=0.045) at the time of recurrence were risk factors of PRS after LR. The calibration curves for probability of 1-, 2- and 3-year PRS showed excellent predictive effect. Internal validation C-indexes of PRS were 0.722 and 0.671 for ER and LR respectively.
Conclusion: In view of the different predictive factors of ER and LR of GC, the practical predictive model may help clinicians make reasonable decisions.
Prevalence and genetic diversity of Balantioides coli in pigs in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhang Zhenjie , Si Junfei , Wang Lingyun , Yu Fuchang , Hu Suhui , Qi Meng
Published: August 2023

Balantioides coli is one of the common intestinal parasitic protozoa in pigs. In the present study, 801 fecal samples of pigs from seven farms in Xinjiang were identified based on ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2 gene. The prevalence of B. coli was 4.2 % (34/801), with the highest infection rate of 18.9 % (18/95) occurred in Alaer, Xinjiang. B. coliwere detected in all age groups (pre-weaned pigs, post-weaned pigs, fattening pigs and sows), with the highest in fatteners (6.9 %, 9/129) and the lowest (1.2 %, 2/169) in pre-weaned pigs. Significant differences (P = 0.000) was found in different sampling sites, but not in age groups (P = 0.084). Sequence analysis indicated than two genetic variants, A (n = 11) and B (n = 23), were identified in all age groups. The present study indicated that the wide distribution and high genetic diversity of B. coli in pigs in Xinjiang. In addition, the exist of genetic variant A suggested that there is a potential threaten of B. coli for human health. More studies are needed to better understand the distributions and public health significance of B. coli in China.
Aerobic Exercise and Nano-curcumin Supplementation Prevent cancer symptom development through MAPK/ERK pathway
Authors: Ababd Zahra Vafaee Mastan , Chaman Nader Hamed , Hosseini Masoumeh , Maleki Amir
Published: August 2023

Objective/background: Impaired cell internal settings and its excessive proliferation causes the occurrence of various syndrom and diseases such as cancer. One of the cell signaling pathways that lead to these outcomes is the MAPK/ERK pathway. So, the goal of the present study is to investigate the effect of aerobic training and Nano-curcumin supplementation on RAS and ERK gene expression in rat muscle tissue. Materials and methods In this experimental study, 32 male wistar rats (aged 4–6 weeks, 130–150 g) were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 8/groups), including Control (C), Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise (MICT), Nano-Curcumin Supplementation (NCS) and moderate intensity aerobic exercise + Nano-curcumin (MICT + NCS). The training groups implemented the MICT for 4 weeks and 5 sessions per week. The Supplement groups received 80 mg/kg/day through oral gavage for 4 weeks. Genes expression of RAS and ERK were measured with real-time PCR method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests (P < 0.05). Findings: Results showed that 4 weeks of moderate intensity aerobic exercise and Nano-curcumin supplementation significantly decreased the gene expression levels of RAS and ERK in muscle tissue of rats. Conclusion Implementation of 4 weeks of MICT combined with Nano-Curcumin supplementation, more efficiently alleviated the RAS/ERK gene expression as symptom development of cancer.
The Effects of Reproductive Variables on Child Mortality in Ethiopia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys from 2000 to 2016
Authors: Debere Hailu Refera , Adjiwanou Visseho
Published: August 2023

Background
The level and trends of child mortality are key indicators that explain the health and socioeconomic status of a country. In the last three decades, the world has shown significant improvement in reducing early childhood mortality. However, developing regions, particularly Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, still account for the largest proportion of newborn deaths. Ethiopia is one of five countries that account for half of new-born deaths worldwide.
Methods
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between selected reproductive factors and under-five mortality in Ethiopia. The study applies a discrete-time survival model to the data from four Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) from 2000 to 2016 to analyze the main and combined influence of three variables (preceding birth interval, maternal age at childbirth, and birth order) on child mortality.
Results
It was found that lengthening the preceding birth interval to 18–23, 24–35, 36–47 or 48 + months reduces the risk of under-five deaths by 30 percent (OR = 0.70), 46 percent (OR = 0.54), 56 percent (OR = 0.44) and 60 percent (OR = 0.40), respectively, compared to very short birth intervals (less than 18 months). Giving birth at ages 20–34 and 35 + reduces the risk by 34 percent (OR = 0.66) and 8 percent (OR = 0.92), respectively, compared to giving birth below age 20. The risk of under-five death of a child born 7th is higher by 17 percent (OR = 0.83) than that of a 2nd or 3rd -order child. Furthermore, the combined effect analysis shows that the risk of under-five mortality is high in births with a higher birth order at a young maternal age. In addition, lower birth order in older maternal age groups is associated with a high risk of under-five mortality. On the other hand, a relative analysis of the combined effect of maternal age at childbirth and birth interval shows that the risk of a short birth interval is higher among older than much younger mothers. Finally, the study also identified the risk of very short birth intervals, which is worst among higher birth order children.
Conclusion
It is not only one reproductive health variable that negatively affects child survival but their combination has the strongest effect. It is therefore recommended that policies in Ethiopia should address short birth intervals, young age of childbearing, and order of birth through an integrated strategy.
Does hysterectomy for benign indications decrease the risk of ovarian cancer? A national population-based study
Authors: Yuk Jin-Sung , Lee Jung Hun
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to assess the impact of hysterectomy for benign gynecologic conditions on ovarian cancer incidence and all-cause mortality among women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Using Korean health insurance data (2007–2020), a retrospective cohort study focused on women aged 40 to 59 years undergoing hysterectomy (with or without adnexal surgery) between 2011 and 2014. The control group included same-aged women receiving health exams during the same period. After 1:1 propensity matching, the incidence of ovarian cancer and all-cause mortality were compared. Out of 133,288 women undergoing medical exams and 70,787 undergoing hysterectomy, 70,787 controls were matched. Median ages for control and hysterectomy groups were 46 and 47 years, respectively. Ovarian cancer incidence was 0.1% (92/70,695) in controls and 0.2% (111/70,676) in the hysterectomy group (P = 0.182). Stratified multivariate analysis found no significant difference in ovarian cancer risk between groups (adjusted hazard ratio 1.213, 95% CI 0.902–1.63). In ovarian cancer patient subgroups, all-cause mortality didn't significantly differ between hysterectomy and control groups (adjusted HR 0.932, 95% CI 0.363–2.393). In conclusion, hysterectomy with or without adnexal surgery didn't impact ovarian cancer incidence or overall survival.
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in pregnancy: case report
Authors: Cordivani Jonathan , Clotilde Lamy , Michel Boulvain , Catherine Riera
Published: August 2023

Background: Dyslipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are well known diseases and are part of a very broad spectrum evolving towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This entity has been very rarely described by pregnant women.
Case presentation: A 26 years old woman with 28+5weeks of pregnancy presented with preterm labor. At admission, a significant hepatic cytolysis was detected (AST/ALT 265/485 U/L - GGT/alkaline phosphatase 60/164 U/L). She had normal blood pressure and negative 24-hour proteinuria. She didn’t have intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (bile acid at 7) and also no organic hepatic etiology (negative serologies and imaging). This cytolysis worsened until a more detailed history revealed a potential etiology: a diet very rich in sugars and fatty acids corresponding to a NASH syndrome. Dietary rebalancing improved the cytolysis. Complications such as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and preterm birth favored by significant dyslipidemia could not be avoided.
Conclusion: it is important to consider the lipid profile of our patients. This will allow for a more personalized follow-up given the multiple obstetrical repercussions that can arise from this pathology. It should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver test alterations during pregnancy. A healthy diet seems to help control the disease
Residual efficacy of Clothianidin (SumiShield 50WG) used in experimental huts conditions and then in Indoor Residual Spraying campaign in Senegal
Authors: Ciss Oumar , Sy Ousmane , DIOUF El Hadji , Fall Moussa , Ndiaye Assane , Gueye Marème , Diop Moussa , Ndiouck Babacar , Diagne Moussa , Faye Ousmane , Niang El Hadji Amadou , Konate Lassana
Published: August 2023

Background
In Senegal, the main vector control strategies include implementing indoor residual spraying (IRS) and distribution of long-lasting insecticides insecticidal nets (LLINs). Drugs resistance and insecticides resistance use on public health were appearing affected to combatted malaria transmission. In the country vectors became resistant to pyrethroids, the insecticides class that nets are impregnate. As they affected strategies for vector control, new formulation belonging on neonicotinoid class, clothianidin was developed and used for malaria vector control through IRS of insecticide.
Methods
Residual efficacy of clothianidin treated walls was assessed monthly using cone bioassays following WHO method. Five houses in each of the two villages sprayed were assessed and one unsprayed house served as the control. In trial huts experimental, six huts in total, including three in banco and three others in cement treated were assessed monthly. Three cones were installed on three walls in each of the sprayed houses at 0.5 m, 1m and 1.5m above the floor, and three cones at the control house. About 10 females, 2–5 -days old from the laboratory susceptible strain of An. coluzzii were exposed in each cone for 30 mins and then transferred to holding cups and mortality rate was recorded to four days post exposure.
Results
The results show good efficacy of SumiShield 50WG on banco and cement substrates after twelve month in experimental huts and eight months on the field area. In Bandaffassi and Tomboronkoto, mortality rate of susceptible strain was always more than 80% after eight months.
Conclusion
The use of this new formulation of clothianidin belonging the neonicotinoid class does not yet show resistance on malaria vectors countries in Africa
In silico analysis of capsid and rep proteins in CRESS DNA viruses
Authors: Selvaraj Karthiga , Yadhav Yagavi , Ramasamy Selvarajan , Venkataraman Sangita
Published: August 2023

The circular rep-encoding single-stranded DNA viruses (CRESS DNA viruses) are among the smallest, with 2–6 kb ssDNA genomes that encode for a coat protein (C) and a replication protein (R). To comprehend the complexity and divergence of the C and R proteins, we have created predictive structural models of representative viruses infecting unique hosts from each family using the neural network-based method AlphaFold2. The Cs exhibit substantially more diversity than Rs, and while they retain the fundamental jelly-roll fold, the loops and amino-terminal ends have undergone significant conformational shifts. The Rs, on the other hand, have minimal diversification and involve alterations only to the central linker and C-terminal domains. A phylogenetic analysis of the C and R proteins based on their structures indicates evolutionary variances and components that might have aided adaption to diverse hosts and vectors. Our study also highlights the conservation of structural features involved in the interaction of R with the conserved intergenic region of the genome. The versatility of the central linker domain may be crucial for establishing interactions of R with multiple protein partners, including C.
Near Hemispherical Passive Beam Steering using 3D Modified Partial Maxwell Fisheye Lens
Authors: Fessaras Theodore , Nicholson Kelvin , Mirotznik Mark
Published: August 2023

This study presents the design and fabrication of an ultra-wide-angle beam-steering graded dielectric lens using innovative principles and additive manufacturing techniques. The lens demonstrates remarkable performance with a boresight realized gain of 23 dBi and notable beam steering capabilities spanning from -80° to 80°, accompanied by a modest gain roll-off of less than 10 dB over a wide frequency range. The lens design is based on an optimized modification of the Partial Maxwell Fisheye (PMFE) lens, resulting in a fully manufacturable 3D dielectric lens. Additive manufacturing, specifically Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), is employed to overcome challenges associated with fabricating the lens's complex geometry. Material constraints are addressed by utilizing a high dielectric filament to meet the design requirements. The design methodology incorporates a novel polar space-filling curve (PSFC) to achieve the desired gradient profile. Rigorous simulations and experimental verification confirm the effectiveness of the design, representing the first 3D implementation of a PMFE-type lens. This research demonstrates the feasibility and potential applications of an ultra-wide-angle passive beam-steering dielectric lens.
Association between weight control behaviors and health-related quality of life in Korean adults
Authors: Park Sat Byul
Published: August 2023

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that obesity is associated with a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQL). HRQL is a widely used measure for assessing the degree of impairment in psychosocial and physical functions associated with disease states. This study aimed to examine the association between weight control behaviors and HRQL in Korean adults without diabetes.
Methods: This study used data from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 3,575 adults without diabetes were selected and divided into four groups according to their weight control behavior: trying to lose weight, trying to maintain weight, trying to gain weight, and not trying to control weight. HRQL was evaluated using the EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D) questionnaire. The EQ-5D consists of five multiple-choice questions and one subjective health level. Health status was determined with respect to the following five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. The participants were asked to choose one of the following three responses: “No problem at all,” “There are some problems,” or “There are many problems.”
Results:A statistically significant difference in the EQ-5D index score was observed among the four groups before and after controlling for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test showed that the “trying to maintain weight” group had the highest EQ-5D index score. The “trying to lose weight” group had the second highest EQ-5D index score, followed by the “not trying to control weight” group, whereas the “trying to gain weight” group had the lowest EQ-5D index score (p-value compared with the “trying to maintain weight” group = 0.053, 0.001, and 0.002, respectively).
Conclusions: Participants trying to maintain their weight had the best quality of life. Individuals who are interested in their health tend to have a high quality of life. Conversely, individuals who are not interested in their health, such as those who are not trying to control their weight, tend to have a low quality of life. Furthermore, underweight individuals are against health promotion.
Remnant wild kenngoor (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae: Phascogale calura) populations retain genetic connectivity and genetic diversity in a highly fragmented landscape
Authors: de Visser Rhiannon S.J. , Hall Michelle , Ottewell Kym , Pierson Jennifer C. , Sanders Angela , Friend J. Anthony , Berry Laurence , Hogg Carolyn , Catullo Renee A.
Published: August 2023

Kenngoor (Phascogale calura) persist in < 1% of their original distribution, occupying highly fragmented remnant habitat in south-west Western Australia, with very little known of the genetic health of remaining wild populations. Recently, the species has been translocated to managed reserves to improve its conservation. Understanding genetic structure and patterns of genetic diversity is crucial to inform conservation translocations for species recovery. This study aims to 1) assess genetic structure and genetic diversity across remaining wild populations, 2) assess long-term genetic outcomes of a mixed-source wild-to-wild translocation, and 3) estimate global effective population size. We sequenced 209 samples from 13 fragmented wild populations were sequenced using reduced representation sequencing. An isolation by distance model best explained genetic structure across the wild populations, with evidence of fine scale divergence of two northern populations. Allelic richness and autosomal heterozygosity measures indicated that diversity is spread uniformly across populations, and no populations showed signs of inbreeding or strong genetic drift. The mixed-source translocation has retained the diversity of the wider species ten years post-translocation. Overall, our results suggest that connectivity between wild populations has largely been maintained and that no population is in poorer genetic health, despite the highly fragmented nature of remnant kenngoor habitat. Future translocations should aim to represent a mixture of genetically divergent populations to maintain the diversity present at the species level. Ongoing conservation management will be required to ensure the long-term viability of the species in this fragmented landscape.
miR-22 original mesenchymal stem cells exosome regulate Twist1/CADM1 Axis inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion in osteosarcoma
Authors: Ruan Qing , Wang Cuijie , Wu Yuntao , Zhu Qingsan
Published: August 2023

Background
This study aims to the function of miR-22 original mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on osteosarcoma (OS) proliferation, migration and invasion.
Method
Bio-informatics analysis including GEO2R analysis, Gene Ontology analysis, integration analysis were used to confirmed the target genes (miR-22, Twist1, CADM1) in OS. RT-qPCR and western blotting confirmed the different expression of miR-22, Twist1, CADM1 in OS tissues, MG63 and Saos cell lines. MTS assay, CCK8 assay, colony forming assay, EdU assay were performed to detect the proliferation effect of miR-22 on MG63. Transwell migration assay, transwell invasion assay, wound healing assay were used to verify the migration and invasion effect of miR-22 on MG63. Luciferase reporter assay confirm the binding sites between miR-22 and Twist1.
Results
RT-qPCR confirmed miR-22 and CADM1 downregulated and Twist1 upregulated in OS tissues, MG63 and Saos. Exosome original MSC labeled with PKH-26 could be uptake by MG63, which upregulated the expression of miR-22 in MG63. High expression of miR-22 in MG63 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, which could be rescued by Twist1. Dual luciferase reporter analysis confirmed Twist1 was a target of miR-22. Exosome modified with miR-22 mimic inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion more efficient than exosome original MSC.
Conclusions
miR-22 cargo in exo-MSC could uptake by MG63 and supply MG63 with miR-22, which inhibit MG63 proliferation, migration and invasion through targeting Twist1.
Research on Automotive Scrap Metal Classification Method Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Two-Step Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Lin Jingjun , Dai Panyang , Che Changjin , Lin Xiaomei , Li Yao , Yang Jiangfei , Huang Yutao , Ren Yongkang , Zhen Xin
Published: August 2023

In the recycling of scrap metal, the establishment of the classification database of recyclables has the advantages of fast classification speed and high analysis accuracy. However, the classification and recycling of unknown samples become highly significant due to the extensive variety of standard metal samples and the challenges in obtaining them. In this study, a method for multi-element classification of automotive scrap metals in general environmental conditions was achieved by utilizing Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Two-Step Clustering Algorithm (K-means, Hierarchical Clustering). The two unsupervised learning algorithms were employed to cluster the LIBS spectral data of 60 automotive scrap metal samples rapidly and hierarchically. Three rare metal elements and three elements for distinguishing metal categories were selected to meet the recycling requirements. After applying the MSC (Multiplicative Scatter Correction) to the spectral data for calibration, the initial clustering clusters were determined using the DB index, CH index, and silhouette coefficient. Then, the Kruskal-Wallis test was conducted on each cluster to check the significance. And the clusters that failed the test were split and reclustered until all clusters met the significance criterion (α=0.05). The accuracy of the proposed method for classifying the collected automotive scrap metals reached 97.6%. This indicates the great potential of this method in the field of automotive scrap metal classification.
Newborn Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis Made Accurate and Efficient with Machine Learning to Reduce False Positives in IRT-Trypsinogen Immunoreactive Screening Program
Authors: Custódio Paulo Rogério Siqueira , Klausner Virginia , de Almeida Rainara Moreno Sanches
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a methodology for developing a predictive model using random forests to identify true positive cases of cystic fibrosis in neonatal screening, aiming to improve early detection and care for patients. The current heel prick test used in Brazilian neonatal screening has a high incidence of false positives, leading to unnecessary anxiety and medical interventions for patients and their families. Our methodology, developed using synthetic data and varied model parameters, showed promising results in improving the sensitivity of the model for identifying true positive cases. Our methodology prioritizes sensitivity in the model and uses general indices from the neonatal screening laboratory APAE in São Luís do Maranhão. In conclusion, our approach offers a promising avenue for developing a predictive model for cystic fibrosis in neonatal screening and highlights the potential benefits of improving early detection and care for patients.
Experiences of Stigma, Discrimination, and Violence and their Impact on Mental Health of Health care Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemics
Authors: Janouskova Mirka , Pekara Jaroslav , Kucera Matej , Cermakova Pavla , Seblova Jana , Wolfová Katrin , Kuklova Marie , Seblova Dominika
Published: August 2023

Background
Health care workers have been exposed to COVID-19 more than other professions, which may have caused stigmatization towards them, possibly impacting their mental health. This study aimed to explore experiences of health care workers with stigmatization, discrimination, and violence and their association with psychological distress and depression.
Method
This cross-sectional study conducted a survey among total of 4,938 health care workers in years 2020 (n = 1,731), 2021 (n = 1,809) and 2022 (n = 1,398). We used a combination of quantitative logistic regression and qualitative content analysis of open-ended questions.
Results
Experiencing stigmatization and discrimination was the highest at the first peak of the pandemic and then slightly decreased, whereas experiencing violence was highest in the latest data collection. Potential predictors of stigmatization, discrimination, and violence included exposure to COVID-19, demographic variables (gender, age), and profession. Participants with higher experience with stigmatization, discrimination, and violence were more likely to report psychological distress and depressive symptoms. Particularly, this association was highest for psychological distress in the early wave (odds ratio = 2.97, 95% confidence interval 2.27–3.88) and for depression in the middle wave (odds ratio = 2.78, 95% confidence interval 2.12–3.64).
Conclusion
Attention should be paid to destigmatization of contagious diseases and prevention of discrimination, violence, and mental health problems, both within workplaces and among the public.
Benefits and Limitations of a Dual Faculty Neurosurgeon Approach to Resection of Pediatric Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Karsten Madeline B. , Slingerland Anna L. , Riordan Coleman P. , Smith Edward R. , Fehnel Katie P.
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The utility and safety of including two neurosurgeons for tumor resections is unknown. This study compares outcomes among pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas operated on with a dual or single surgeon approach (DSA, SSA).
Methods:
A single-center review identified all craniopharyngioma transsphenoidal or craniotomy resections from 2000-2020. Surgical years of experience (YOE) and rates of 5-year reoperations, complications, recurrence, postoperative radiotherapy were analyzed.
Results:
26 transsphenoidal and 68 craniotomies were identified among 62 patients. Eleven transsphenoidal (42.3%) utilized DSA and 15 utilized (57.7%) SSA. Eight craniotomies (11.8%) were DSA and 60 (88.2%) were SSA.
The surgeon for SSA transsphenoidal procedures had a median of 10.7 YOE (IQR: 9.9-13.7) versus 6.6 (IQR: 2.7-16; p = 0.058) for the lead surgeon in DSAs. The co-surgeon in transsphenoidal DSAs had a median of 27 YOE (IQR: 11.8-35.7).
The surgeon for SSA craniotomies had a median of 19.3 YOE (IQR: 12.1-26.4) versus 4.5 years (IQR: 1.3-15.3; p = 0.017) for the lead surgeon in DSA cases. The co-surgeon in DSA craniotomies had a median of 23.2 YOE (IQR: 12.6-31.4).
Case complexity was similar across transsphenoidal groups. DSA transsphenoidal resections had fewer complications (18% DSA vs. 33% SSA), reoperations (45% vs. 53%), and radiation therapy (9.1% DSA vs. 33% SSA) than SSA.
Conclusion:
Lead surgeons in DSAs are frequently junior surgeons while SSAs typically employ senior surgeons. Outcomes did not significantly differ between DSA and SSA, but there was a trend towards improved outcomes for DSA transsphenoidal cases. Mentorship through DSAs does not seem to negatively affect patient care.
Formoterol improves the deficits of mitochondrial homeostasis including dynamic and transport in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells induced by mitochondrial UQCRC1 mutation in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells via a β2-adrenoreceptor activation
Authors: Chang Jui-Chih , Chang Huei-Shin , Chao Yi-Chun , Huang Ching-Shan , Lin Yong-Shiou , Lin Chin-Hsien , Wu Zhong-Sheng , Chang Hui-Ju , Liu Chin-San , Chuang Chieh-Sen
Published: August 2023

Formoterol, a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonist, has been showed to support mitochondrial biogenesis in various diseases. However, its efficacy is controversial in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial homeostasis remains unclear. This study used a cell model of human reductase core protein (UQCRC1) variants in familial parkinsonism, which expressed mitochondrial dysfunction and dynamic imbalance, to explore the therapeutic effects of formoterol and their underlying mechanism. The results indicated that formoterol treatment for 24 h improved cell proliferation and neural cell activity and afforded neuroprotection against oxidative-stress-induced cell death. Furthermore, mitochondrial function, including mitochondrial DNA copy number, respiratory rate, and complex III activation, was comprehensive recovered, as was the dynamic balance of fusion/fission events. Formoterol treatment properly induced mitochondrial fission and reduced the extensive hypertubulation observed. The underlying mechanism of action of the drug may proceed through the restoration of the ERK signal and the inhibition of Akt overaction in mutant cells, thus significantly upregulating the mitochondrial fission protein Drp-1, including its phosphorylation at Ser616 and dephosphorylation at Ser637, as well as Pink-1, in contrast with the fusion protein Mfn2. Moreover, formoterol contributed to the segregation of healthy mitochondria for distribution and mitochondrial transport, as our data revealed the facilitation of mitochondrial anterograde movement and mobility by the drug, to normalize mitochondrial distribution in mutant cells. This study provided preliminary evidence that formoterol offers neuroprotection and acts as a balance regulator of mitochondrial dynamic to improvement of mitochondrial homeostasis, which renders it a promising therapeutic candidate for PD.
hsa_circ_0006677 suppression of stemness and progression of non-small cell lung cancer by sponging miR-1276-induced ferroptosis in lung cancer stem cells
Authors: Ting-Ting Dai , li lixiu , wang lu , Zhao Yu-Ying , che Shuping , Sun Jie-Xuan , Gao Zhuo , Gao Lu
Published: August 2023

The relationship between circRNAs (circRNAs) and lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) is uncertain. Screening for relevant circRNAs through the GEO database. We investigated the impact of LCSCs and circRNA (hsa_circ_0006677) in the progression and treatment of NSCLC. We constructed lung CSCs (LCSCs; PC9 and A549). hsa_circ_0006677's role in vitro was determined by cell counting, clone and sphere formation, and Transwell analysis. Metastatic tumor xenograft models and in situ transplant models were established for in vivo analysis. We found that hsa_circ_0006677 was significantly low expressed in NSCLC tissues and LCSCs. hsa_circ_0006677 levels correlated with the stage and survival of NSCLC patients. hsa_circ_0006677 reduced levels decreased tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stem cell-like properties. Through the TRCirc database and in vivo and in vitro experiments hsa_circ_0006677 was positively regulated by GABPA. Meanwhile, downward continuous exploration by databases such as miRANDA database and validation with in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing of hsa_circ_0006677 was found to downregulate ATF3 expression and its ferroptosis signaling pathway by increasing the sponge effect of miR-1276. Our data demonstrate an important role for hsa_circ_0006677 in the stem cell-like properties of NSCLC cells. The key targets we identified in this signaling pathway, GABPA, hsa_circ_0006677, and miR-1276, may all intervene in the stemness and progression of NSCLC, which may also provide directions and ideas for future clinical treatments.
The Roles of Emotional Adaptability and Stress Regulation on the Enjoyment of Music Listening and Chinese Adults’ Subjective Well-being during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Qian , Suh Kyung Hyun
Published: August 2023

Background
This study investigated the relationship between the enjoyment of music listening and subjective well-being among Chinese adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic, and the mediation effect of emotionally adaptive functions of music listening and of stress regulation of music listening in the aforementioned relationship.
Methods
The participants were 277 male and female Chinese adults aged 18–57 years. The mediating effects were analyzed using PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 4.
Results
The results revealed that the enjoyment of music listening was positively correlated with the emotionally adaptive functions of music listening, stress regulation of music listening, and subjective well-being. Additionally, the emotionally adaptive functions and stress regulation of music listening were positively correlated with subjective well-being. The emotionally adaptive functions of music listening completely mediated the association between enjoyment of music listening and subjective well-being during the COVID-19 Pandemic. However, the stress regulation of music listening did not mediate this relationship.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that music listening can enhance the subjective well-being of Chinese adults through emotionally adaptive functions in stressful situations.
Effect of Neural Vision therapy on uncorrected pseudophakic visual acuity
Authors: Vaitheeswaran Krishna , Kaur Preetinder , Nadar Monika
Published: August 2023

Purpose
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of neural vision therapy using perceptual learning on near and distance visual acuity in pseudophakic patients with mono-focal intraocular lenses.
Methods
The prospective interventional non-comparative study was conducted on 30 pseudophakic patients who had received mono-focal intraocular lenses and required corrective lenses for optimal visual acuity for distance, near or both. Perceptual learning was performed using Gabor gratings of varying spatial frequency and contrast. The distance and near visual acuity as well as contrast sensitivity was assessed before and after the training. The visual function was monitored for a period of three months after intervention.
Results
The mean age of patients in the study was 68.6 ± 11.05 years and included 16 women and 14 men. There was a significant improvement in distance (0.15 ± 0.13 to 0.05 ± 0.06) and near visual acuity (0.4 ± 0.09 to 0.09 ± 0.07) as well as contrast sensitivity function after the intervention (1.35 ± 0.24 to1.83 ± 0.13). (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Neural vision therapy using perceptual learning, significantly improved distance and near acuity, as well as contrast sensitivity in pseudophakic patients. With no alteration in the refractive status, perceptual training improved visual function by enhancing neural processing at low signal-noise ratios seen in uncorrected pseudophakic eyes. Neural vision therapy may be an alternative for enhancing visual function across a range of distances without the need for corrective lenses.
Top-k Approximate Selection for TypicalityQuery Results over Spatio-textual Data
Authors: Meng Xiangfu , Zhang Xiaoyan , Huo Hongjin , Leng Qiangkui
Published: August 2023

Spatial keyword query is a classical query processing mode for spatio-textual data, which aims to provide users the spatio-textual objects with the highest spatial proximity and textual similarity to the given query. However, the top-k result objects obtained by using the spatial keyword query mode are often similar to each other while users hope that the system can pick top-k typicality results from the candidate query results in order to make users understand the representative features of the candidate result set. To deal with the problem of typicality analysis and typical object selection of spatio-textual data query results, a typicality evaluation and top-k approximate selection approach is proposed. First, the approach calculates the synthetic distances on dimensions of geographic location, textual semantics, and numeric attributes between all spatio-textual objects. And then, a hybrid index structure that can simultaneously support the location, text, and numeric multi-dimension matching is presented in order to expeditiously obtain the candidate query results. According to the synthetic distances between spatio-textual objects, a Gaussian kernel probability density estimation-based method for measuring the typicality of query results is proposed. To facilitate the query result analysis and top-k typical object selection, the Tournament strategy-based and Local neighborhood-based top-k typical object approximate selection algorithms are presented, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the text semantic relevancy measuring method for spatio-textual objects is accurate and reasonable, and the Local neighborhood-based top-k typicality result approximate selection algorithm achieved both the low error rate and high execution efficiency.
Green Synthesis of ZnO and SiO2 Nanoparticles and its potential application on Pineapple Fabric to impart multifunctional properties
Authors: Moniruzzaman Md. , Hussain Syed Zubair , Rahman SM Atikur
Published: August 2023

The present study aims to synthesize ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles by using the green technique and applied to pineapple fabric to impart multifunctional properties. ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by using Zinc Acetate where the mixture of Acalypha Indica and Citrus aurantifolia peel powder was used as the catalyst. Also, SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized from sugarcane bagasse which was the primary source of silica. Final SiO2 nanoparticles were obtained by the addition of NaOH and HNO3. Afterward, the synthesized particles were coated on the pineapple fabric by using the dip-pad-dry-cure method along with the addition of 2 wt% acrylic binder. The structural properties as well as the microstructure and chemistry of these coated samples were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Also, the UV resistance, resistance against microorganisms, and super-hydrophobicity properties were evaluated by UV/VIS Spectrophotometer analysis, antimicrobial test, and spray rating test accordingly where the nanoparticle coated sample showed a very good absorbency in UV rays, superhydrophobic properties, and a very good resistance against microorganism maintaining optimum tensile.
Regulation of lifespan and proteostasis by sensory neural activity and CaMK
Authors: Yu Yanxun , Zhao Ranran , Ge Weiqi , Xue Weikang , Liu Jiaze , Wang Kaiqi , Jin Youngnam
Published: August 2023

The activity state of the nervous system can influence a wide variety of physiological processes, including lifespan. While the impact of neural activity on ageing and longevity remains a topic of debate, substantial evidence suggests that decreasing overall neural activity is linked to increased longevity in invertebrate and mammalian models. However, the specific neuronal groups and underlying mechanisms involved are not well understood. We investigated the role of the CaM kinase, cmk-1, in the nematode to address this knowledge gap. Strikingly, we found that the eliminating cmk-1 enhances lifespan and improves proteostasis by suppressing excitation in the thermosensory AFD neurons, particularly at elevated temperatures that trigger AFD hyperactivation. Furthermore, genetically reducing hyperactivation specifically in wild-type AFD neurons extends longevity and improves proteostasis, similar to the effects observed in cmk-1 mutant. These beneficial outcomes are attribute to the activation of DAF-16 in the intestine, likely through the release of the INS-1 neuropeptide from the thermosensory neural circuit. Our findings reveal a causal mechanism through which the activity of the sensory neural circuit regulates lifespan and proteostasis, highlighting the pivotal role of CaMK in shaping these processes by regulating neural activity.
Blood-based screening panel for lung cancer based on clonal hematopoietic mutations
Authors: Anandakrishnan Ramu , Shahidi Ryan , Dai Andrew , Antony Veneeth , Zyvoloski Ian J
Published: August 2023

Background
Early detection can significantly reduce mortality due to lung cancer. However, financial, and other barriers for the currently approved screening protocol (low dose computed tomography (CT) scan) have limited its uptake. Presented here is a blood-based screening panel based on clonal hematopoietic mutations. Mutations in tumor cells that inhibit immune destruction have been extensively studied. However, mutations in immune cells that may prevent an effective anti-tumor immune response remain relatively unstudied. Animal model studies suggest that clonal hematopoietic (CH) mutations in tumor infiltrating immune (TII) cells can modulate cancer progression, representing potential predictive biomarkers. The goal of this study was to determine if the clonal expansion of these mutations in blood samples could predict the occurrence of lung cancer.
Methods
A set of 98 potentially pathogenic CH mutations in TII cells were identified using sequencing data from lung cancer samples. These mutations were used as predictors to develop a logistic regression machine learning model. The model was tested on a set of 578 lung cancer and 545 non-cancer samples from 18 independent cohorts.
Results
The logistic regression model correctly classified lung cancer and non-cancer blood samples with 94.12% sensitivity (95% Confidence Interval: 92.20-96.04%) and 85.96% specificity (95% Confidence Interval: 82.98–88.95%). In addition, the model correctly classified 89.98% of lung cancer and 74.86% of non-cancer blood samples with high confidence (prediction probabilities of > 0.9 and < 0.1 for cancer, respectively).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that it may be possible to develop an accurate blood-based lung cancer screening panel. Unlike most other “liquid biopsies” currently under development, the assay presented here is based on standard sequencing protocols and uses a relatively small number of rationally selected mutations as predictors.
Effects of soil on development, survival, and oviposition on Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes
Authors: Pautzke Kellen C. , Felsot Allan S. , Reganold John P. , Owen Jeb P.
Published: August 2023

Background
Water quality is known to influence the development and survival of larval mosquitoes, which affects mosquito-borne pathogen transmission as a function of the number of mosquitoes that reach adulthood and can blood feed. Although water properties are known to affect mosquito development, few studies have investigated the link between soil properties, water quality, and mosquito development. Due to the large number of ground breeding mosquito species, this linkage is an important factor to consider in mosquito ecology. In this study, we explored the effects of different soils on multiple life history parameters of the ground breeding mosquito species Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae).
Methods
Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae were reared in water combined with different soil substrates (sandy, silt, or clay loam textures) at increasing soil to water volume ratios, with and without the addition of organic material (fish food). Gravid mosquitoes were offered soil-water cups to investigate soil effects on oviposition preference.
Results
Without added food, larval survival and development differed significantly among waters with different soils and volumes of substrate. Mosquitoes in clay loam soil water survived longer and developed further than mosquitoes in other soil waters. Adding food significantly reduced the soil effects on larval survival time, development, and pupation. Adult female mosquitoes preferentially chose soil waters with higher clay content for oviposition, and the addition of food significantly reduced the soil effects on oviposition preference.
Conclusions
This study suggests soil composition plays an important role in larval mosquito survival and development, as well as the oviposition preference of gravid females. Future studies may separate abiotic and biotic soil features that affect mosquitoes and link soil variation at the landscape scale to predictions of mosquito population dynamics and mosquito-borne pathogen transmission.
Comparing the effects of selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite supplementation on postpartum depression and sexual satisfaction: A triple-blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: Rahimi Parnian , Shahnazi Mahnaz , Farshbaf-Khalili Azizeh , Ostarahimi Alireza , Mohammadi Marzieh
Published: August 2023

Background
Postpartum or postnatal depression is the most prevalent postpartum complication that considerably reduces sexual function in marital life, which may result in visible developmental delay, social and interactive problems in infants, and marital stress leading to divorce. The present study aimed to examine the effect of organic selenium (Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast enriched with sodium selenite) and sodium selenite on postpartum depression and sexual satisfaction.
Methods
This clinical trial study was conducted on 108 women after childbirth. Participants were randomly assigned into two interventions (organic and inorganic selenium) and one placebo group with an allocation ratio of 1:1:1. Participants were given one identical 250mg oral capsule containing 200 micrograms of organic selenium or 200 micrograms of sodium selenite or placebo per day from October 2021 to July 2022 (admission time). The participants filled out Beck's depression inventory and sexual satisfaction questionnaire before and after the intervention. The mean score of postpartum depression and sexual satisfaction was measured before and after the study.
Results
All three groups were identical in terms of personal-social profiles. Depression score was significantly reduced in the intervention groups of organic selenium [adjusted mean difference=-2.77: (95% confidence interval:-0.97 to -4.57); P = 0.003] and organic selenium [adjusted mean difference=-1.77 (95% confidence interval: -0.00 to -3.53); P = 0.049] compared to control group by adjusting the baseline values. No significant difference was observed in the sexual satisfaction of intervention groups compared to the placebo at the end of intervention (P = 0.196).
Conclusion
Both organic and inorganic selenium could improve postpartum depression; however, the decline rate was greater by the yeast selenium. Sexual satisfaction had no significant change following supplementation.
Trial registration:
This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20110606006709N23). URL: https://www.irct.ir/trial/56771.