bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Vacuum and Steam Heat to Eliminate Pinewood Nematodes in Naturally Infested Whole Pine Logs
Authors: Eisenback J. D. , Chen Z. , White M.
Published: October 2024

Pinewood nematodes threaten forest health and continue to interfere with international trade because they can be spread around the globe via nematode-infested wood. International Standards for Phytosanitary Measure (ISPM-15) requires that all pine wood be treated at 56°C for 30 min to ensure that all pests and pathogens are killed within sawn wood, whereas fumigation with methyl bromide is the currently approved practice and widely used in treating whole logs. A method of treatment that uses less energy and time or does not rely on environmentally damaging gases is urgently needed. Because vacuum with steam has shown promise in treating several different commodities, the purpose of this study was to use it to eradicate pinewood nematodes in whole logs. Three protocols were applied: 1) 48°C for 15 min., 2) 56°C for 30 min., and 3) 60°C for 60 min. The third protocol reduced the population to statistically zero; however, some samples contained at least 1 survivor. Unfortunately, these surviving nematodes increased in number one month after treatment, and one year later, they continued to reproduce in the wood. Therefore, this protocol needs to be further refined to remove pinewood nematodes completely. Explanation of the survival of individual nematodes within whole logs remains a matter for conjecture: 1) certain portions of the wood were somehow insulated from the heat and did not achieve the lethal temperature, and 2) survival stages may be able to survive temperatures that are deadly to the normal life stages.
Active commuting as a form of sustainable urban mobility: The case of the Brno Metropolitan Area
Authors: Gorný David
Published: October 2024

Environmentally friendly alternatives to motorised transport have recently become a topic of discussion among political representatives. To achieve sustainable urban mobility objectives, political discussions have focused on promoting cycling, walking and using public transport in cities. These modes of transportation are attractive ways of commuting to and from work for a portion of the population. In the literature, there is a growing interest in the phenomenon of active commuting. This paper examines the spatio-temporal patterns and practices of active commuting and evaluates their significance in the context of sustainable urban mobility. The empirical research is based on data obtained from a questionnaire survey and semistructured interviews conducted in 2023 in the Brno Metropolitan Area. Based on the data, three categories of active commuting were identified, namely pragmatic active commuting, physical active commuting, and combined active commuting, which differ in the implementation of different spatio-temporal practices. For the development of sustainable transport in the city, it is necessary to promote the construction of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, with the aim of making movement for pedestrians and cyclists more straightforward, efficient, and safer, including paying attention to actions leading to the embedding of this mode of transport in the wider societal context.
The stability of cooperation in the context of cross-border cooperation: The example of Poland's borderlands
Authors: Dołzbłasz Sylwia , Raczyk Andrzej
Published: October 2024

The objective of this paper was to conceptualise the issue of cooperation stability in research on cross-border cooperation. On this basis, regularities related to selected aspects of the stability of cross-border cooperation were identified using the example of the Polish border regions. The analysis was based on a complex review of the Interreg, ETC, ENPI, and ENI cross-border cooperation programmes implemented in the Polish border regions between 2007–2013 and 2014–2020, taking into account both internal and external EU borders. The study covered a total of 1,577 projects realised between 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 by more than 4,500 beneficiaries, comprising 2,307 organisations. A survey of these organisations was also conducted. The resulting analysis helped to identify the relative stability of partner types and the thematic scope and spatial dimension of cross-border cooperation, while at the same time revealing a lack of stability in the organisational dimension. In addition, the study showed that the initiation and subsequent maintenance of cross-border relationships are the result of a complex process, in which many factors co-exist simultaneously, whereas the break-up of cooperation can be the product of individual factors.
Tracing the fate of hay meadows with haylofts in Slovakia: A geographical perspective
Authors: Baránková Zuzana , Lieskovský Juraj , Špulerová Jana
Published: October 2024

The paper focuses on the historical distribution of haylofts in Slovakia, geographical conditions related to hay meadows with haylofts, and land cover changes of former hayloft localities. Moreover, the current state of preserved haylofts and the land use of their surrounding area were documented at a regional scale, during the field research. A map of the historical occurrence of haylofts was digitised based on the Czechoslovakian military topographic maps from 1952–1957 (1:25,000). Altogether, 9,742 haylofts were recorded. The haylofts were usually built in mountain and sub-mountain areas on places with low soil quality, mostly at higher elevations, on moderate or moderately steep slopes and in more distant and isolated areas. About half of former hayloft meadows now exist as meadows or pastures with different intensity of grassland management. Forest or shrubs already cover the other 38% of the sites. To a lesser extent, the areas have been converted into arable land or recreational areas. Only a few haylofts have survived to this day; for example, in Upper Liptov Region, it is only 1% of their former abundance in this area (48 haylofts). Apart from a few positive cases where they have been restored or preserved, those that have survived continue to decay.
Using the Relative Elevation Models to delimit the floodplain level development: The case of the braided-wandering Belá River, Slovakia
Authors: Labaš Peter , Kidová Anna , Afzali Hamid
Published: October 2024

The Belá River is a specific submountain river running through the Liptov Basin in the Slovak Carpathians. Its transformation from a braided to a braided-wandering system and degradation including incision of the river system has been observed since the middle of the 20th century. These processes have created a complex system of floodplains with development stages. For their identification, the Relative Elevation Model normalizing absolute floodplain elevation to the river channel changes has been established. Three models have been prepared, from the channel bottom and water level elevation gauge by GPS, and the water level elevation by LiDAR. Based on the resulting models, the floodplain was identified and delineated to an active or potentially active floodplain, to an inaccessible floodplain spread behind artificial structures, and to a perched floodplain beyond the reach of the river. Spatial statistics, including “Hot spot analysis” and “Cluster and outlier analysis” have been used to identify recent river floodplain formation from 1949 to 2018, caused by simplification and incision of the Belá River. The unique aspect and contribution of the research lies in implementing and comparing the Relative Elevation Models and linking them to floodplain age.
Assessing Fiscal Sustainability with Panel Unit Root, Cointegration, and Granger Causality Tests: Evidence from the Broader Groups of Countries
Authors: Fir Nejc
Published: October 2024

The question of fiscal sustainability of countries has become one of the central topics in economic policy, especially in times of increasing public debts. One way to assess fiscal sustainability is to examine compliance with the intertemporal budget constraint, which involves testing the stationarity of government revenues and expenditures, the primary budget balance, and the first differences of public debt. Part of this approach includes testing cointegration and causality among different pairs of variables. Under this approach, the paper is focused on both first- and second-generation panel unit root tests, cointegration, and Granger causality test. This paper focuses on assessing the fiscal sustainability of four panels of countries divided by continents: Europe, Asia and Oceania, Africa, and Latin America, the Caribbean, and North America. It has been found that fiscal sustainability is present in all the broader groups of countries considered but in a weak form. Fiscal sustainability was confirmed when considering a constant in calculations, while deviations were observed among groups of countries when both a constant and trend were considered. The study serves as a starting point for a more extensive analysis of fiscal sustainability. For more accurate findings, it would be necessary to categorize countries into smaller and economically more homogeneous groups and analyze them using other fiscal sustainability methods as well.
Artificial Intelligence in Employee Learning Process: Insights from Generation Z
Authors: Poljašević Branka Zolak , Žižek Simona Šarotar , Gričnik Ana Marija
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence, as a field of computer science focused on developing technologies that simulate intelligent behaviours and human cognitive functions, undoubtedly has huge potential to transform all business activities, including the process of employee learning. However, different generations have varying attitudes toward the rapid advancement of technology and the increasing possibilities offered by artificial intelligence. The general purpose of this research is to gain insights into the attitudes of Generation Z regarding the use of AI in the context of the employee learning process. Empirical research was conducted on a sample of 264 respondents from Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. In addition to descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, Shapiro-Wilk, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to test hypotheses. Generally, the research findings indicate that the upcoming generation of the workforce considers artificial intelligence a significant factor in improving the employee learning process. The study contributes to human resource management literature because it brings new insights into Generation Z attitudes, whose participation in the active workforce will significantly increase in the coming years.
Is There a Relationship between Macroeconomic Variables and Stock Market Indices in Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Authors: Abdić Adem , Abdić Ademir , Lazović-Pita Lejla , Kanlić Fahir
Published: October 2024

The economic growth and development of a country are reflected in many aspects, one of them being the stock market indices. The purpose of the article is to examine and determine the relationship between selected macroeconomic variables and stock market indices in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Using quarterly data over the 2010q1-2019q4 period, a cointegration analysis was applied to model this relationship. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was used to explore the short-run relationship as well as the long-run relationship. The article examined the predictive ability among variables of interest by applying the Granger causality test. The results indicate a stable long-run relationship between the analysed macroeconomic variables and stock market indices in BiH, while no short-run relationship was found. The results contribute to the scientific discussions about the relationship between selected macroeconomic variables and representative stock market indices in BiH which considers their direction and strength.
Omissions by Design in a Survey: Is This a Good Choice when using Structural Equation Models?
Authors: Vicente Paula C. R.
Published: October 2024

Missing observations can arise due to the effort required to answer many questions in long surveys and the cost required to obtain some responses. Implementing a planned missing design in surveys helps reduce the number of questions each respondent needs to answer, thereby lowering survey fatigue and cutting down on implementation costs. The three-form and the two-method design are two different types of planned missing designs. An important consideration when designing a study with omissions by design is to know how it will affect statistical results. In this work, a simulation study is conducted to analyze how the usual fit measures, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), comparative fit index (CFI), and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) perform in the adjustment of a Structural Equation Model. The results revealed that the CFI, TLI, and SRMR indices exhibit sensitivity to omissions with small samples, low factor loadings and large models. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the importance of considering omissions by design in market research.
Intervening by staying professional: How Nordic environmental journalists make sense of their roles
Authors: Hujanen Jaana , Jangdal Lottie , Dovbysh Olga , Andersen Ida Vikøren , Kolbeins Guðbjörg Hildur , Lehtisaari Katja , Oivo Teemu
Published: October 2024

The notion of intervention is gaining traction among Western environmental journalists. While existing research has predominantly focused on countries outside the Nordic region, in our study we investigate the self-perceptions of professional journalists in the Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Through semi-structured interviews, we examine the roles that Nordic journalists construct when reflecting on covering the environmental beat, paying particular attention to how they make sense of the idea of intervening – that is, their involvement in interpreting, making sense of, and engaging the public in environmental issues. Using thematic qualitative analysis to analyse the interviews, we have identified four journalistic roles: 1) objective news provider, 2) critical watchdog, 3) sense-maker and educator, and 4) environmental advocate. Our findings suggest that Nordic journalists intervene byadhering to professional norms and practices and renegotiating them. While the role of objective news provider remains prominent among Nordic journalists, it is intertwined with various forms of intervention across all identified roles.
Searching in Justification for the Intensification of Upward-Kicking in Dolphin Swimming
Authors: Rejman Marek , Rudnik Daria , Seidel Wojciech , Siermontowski Piotr
Published: October 2024

Scientific opinions about the importance of dolphin upward leg movements for swimming performance are still divided. Research on the efficiency of propulsion, similarly generated by a relatively larger the monofin surface, showed that quality of the upward movement phase is a measure of swimming performance. Therefore, the forces generated as a result of upward and downward kicks in butterfly swimming were analysed. The ability of the swimmers to kinaesthetically control of the upward dolphin kicking was also researched. Ten international level butterfly swimmers (mean 18,2±1,4 years) took part in the research. They performed three trials on 25m distance, at maximum speed using the monofin device (The plate of standard monofin was removed and two strain gauges were affixed in the middle, between the toe). They randomly swam: 1) butterfly stroke (BS), 2) dolphin-kicking only (LK) and 3) swam being focused on activation of upward-kicking (AUK). Time dependent signals of the force sagging the fin in reaction to the water resistance were registered. The impulses of force sagging the fin in each stroke were lower in upbeat than in downbeat. The lowest difference was in AUK trial. First, Wilks's test and then Duncan’s post hoc tests for each of the trial showed (at p≤0,05) that: downward impulses for LK was significantly higher than for BS. Upward impulses did not differ between the trials. Downward times for AUK, the same as total trial times, was significantly longer than for BS and for LK Upward times for AUK was significantly longer than for BS. The results demonstrated, that butterfly arms action leads to intensification of both kicking phases. The swimmers were well skilled for kinaesthetic controlling of the dolphin upbeat. They did not obtain the equal proportion between propulsion effect of both kicking phases, but it has been suggested, that this level of skill mastering is out of the human motor abilities. Opportunities for conscious controlling of the efficiency of the upward movement are seen in the modification of the time structure of this phase. These results could be used for improving the leg-kicking performance in butterfly swimming, as well as after stars and turns.
Medical and Economical Significance of Millipedes
Authors: Jung Monika , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara , Kania Grzegorz
Published: October 2024

Millipedes as saprophagous epigeic fauna members are involved in the decomposition of organic debris. Diplopod’s activity improve circulation of nutrients, elements and accelerate environmental reclamation. Beyond mentioned above Diplopoda can provoke sanitary and epidemiological threats especially during swarming or seasonal migrations activities. Considering following aspects: contact with defensive secretions, pseudo-parasitic activity that imitates helminthiasis or passive transmission of pathogens, we can discuss direct or distant effects on human health. Education and proper prophylactic remain neglected. Variety of substances from millipedes are checked for their medical action: direct body extracts and active chemical components from defensive secretion. Millipedes may serve as source for zoo-pharmacology and zoo-indication development. This issue review shows that both pros and cons of the Diplopod’s influences should be considered. Literature was carried out from middle of 20th century article till recent papers. The nowadays literature were found in Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline search base.
Comparative Analysis of Peatland Emission Factors: Unravelling the Need for Standardized Measurement and Reporting
Authors: Kazmere Dita , Feofilovs Maksims , Romagnoli Francesco
Published: October 2024

Peatlands have a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, acting as significant carbon sinks, but become a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions when peatlands are drained, and during peat extraction. This article presents a comprehensive overview of peatland ecosystems, emphasizing their classification across various climatic zones and the complex set of different characteristics that determine contribution to GHG emissions. Currently, inconsistencies exist in the definition of emission factors used between countries leading to varied approaches in estimating peatland emissions and posing significant challenges in the comparison and aggregation of global data on peat extraction related GHG. The aim of the study is to analyse the disparities in emission factors and calculation methodologies employed by different countries. Data from national GHG emission reports are submitted under the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol. Emissions report data calculations and emission factors can be based on either nationally determined data or data specified in the IPCC guidelines. Consequently, emission factor data for four countries - Latvia, Finland, Sweden and Germany - are collected and processed, which was compared with IPCC guidelines data. The data was compared by equating units of measurement. The results show there is a pronounced difference between the emission factors of each country, however, all of these factors are lower than the maximum values specified in the IPCC guidelines. The study concludes that emission factors are predetermined differently for each country, and it is not possible to determine the differences among assumptions for parameters included in the specification of the emission factors. The results suggest there is a need for development of a more transparent accounting for emissions with regard to the diverse environmental and anthropogenic factors influencing peatland ecosystems. Factors like composition, depth of peat, water table levels, and local land-use practices further compound this variability in emission accounting. Addressing these challenges is crucial for enhancing the accuracy and reliability of GHG emission reporting under international frameworks like the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol.
Design of Flat Loop Reactor with Bubble Column Circulation, Algae Growing Equipment
Authors: Tolner Imre Tibor , Tolner László , Jančo Roland
Published: October 2024

Based on the flow modeling and operational experience of the previous cylindrical loop reactor, we designed a sheet reactor combined with a loop reactor. The design with a cylindrical cross-section was applied to an equivalent cross-section (sheet) of several squares arranged next to each other. In accordance with the sedimentation processes experienced in the outlet branch, we created an algae trap, thereby reducing the flow to the level necessary for sedimentation. With this, I would like to achieve the already experienced, nearly 10-fold increase in algae concentration compared to the one in the mainstream.
Stress Analysis of Pressing Joint of Two Conical Pipes – Part 2
Authors: Jančo Roland
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a strength analysis of a pressed joint of two conical pipes with the aim of finding out whether this method of connection is suitable for telecommunication masts. In this paper, a solution using an engineering approach and a finite element method (FEM) numerical analysis for transversal direction will be compared.
Development Hybrid High-Speed Electro Pneumatic Spindles Drive Unit
Authors: Ondruška Juraj , Šooš Lubomír , Babics Jozef , Bošanský Miroslav , Protasov Roman
Published: October 2024

The essence of the research is the search for geometric, material and technological limits of the new concept of spinning spindles. Considering the trend of introducing new generation electric drives into the segment of high-speed spinning spindles (over 120,000 rpm), it is necessary to map and describe the basic physical connections, to find the necessary dependencies and correlations of individual design parameters and their limits for the design of a new generation of spindles. Due to the design limitations of the original and years-used spindle drive concept with a belt and the requirement for the production and development of a new generation of spun fibers, it is necessary to expand the basic knowledge for the design of spindles of the new concept, the design of which will be based on the knowledge and dependencies obtained by measuring and examining the basic principles and determining parameters for the design of spindle structures of a new progressive concept.
Prediction of Overall Equipment Effectiveness in Assembly Processes Using Machine Learning
Authors: Dobra Péter , Jósvai János
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, a lot of data is generated in production and also in the domain of assembly, from which different patterns can be extracted using machine learning methods with the support of data mining. With the support of various modern technical and Information Technology (IT) tools, the recording, storage and processing of large amounts of data is now a routine activity. Based on machine learning, efficiency metrics including Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), can be partially predicted, but industrial companies need more accurate and reliable methods. The analyzed algorithms can be used in general for all production units or machines where production data is recorded by Manufacturing Execution System (MES) or other Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are available. This paper presents and determinates which most used machine learning methods should be combined with each other in order to achieve a better prediction result.
Agrotechnical Research Of Subsoil Chisel Tools
Authors: Rácz Péter
Published: October 2024

In the course of the comparative investigation, energetic and working-quality tests were carried out with three frequently used soil-loosening implement types in field-land conditions – such as wide blade, duck-foot and chisel undercutting (‘Paraplow’) type loosening elements. When evaluating the results of the test, we qualified the implement-tools with the help an arbitrarily defined constructional factor; in this way, an order of the tool constructions was determined.
Macrogeometric Measurement of Camshafts of Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Solecki Levente , Nagy Szilvia
Published: October 2024

In this work, cam profiles of a camshaft are measured by a roundness measurement machine. First, the measured cam profiles are transformed into their actual sizes, based on the measurement of the bearing locations. The 8 cams of the camshaft are of two types. From the 4–4 cam profiles of each type an approximate profile is created by fitting them to one another using their base circles as reference, and calculating the center of gravity of the cumulative points of these fitted profiles corresponding to an arc segment.
Decomposing the Gender Wage Gap in the Urban Labor Market in Kenya
Authors: Alwago Wycliffe Obwori
Published: October 2024

Legislation and regulation have been effective in reducing the gender wage gap in developed countries; however, the gap still exists globally, and progress towards narrowing the gap has been unacceptably slow even in regions where it is improving. This study presents the analysis of gender wage gap in Kenya’s urban labor market by using the World Bank Skills Towards Employability and Productivity Survey (WBSTEPS). This study employed Mincer earnings regressions with Heckman selection correction and the Blinder-Oaxaca and Neumark decomposition procedures to answer the research questions. The results of the wage determination and participation in the labor market show that there is no selectivity-bias problem. Personal characteristics such as education and age, as well as work-related characteristics, are important factors in determining earnings. The magnitude of the gender wage gap varies across the wage distribution, and the results of the wage decomposition reveal that women in urban Kenya earn 84.5-to-86% of men’s earnings. The earnings gap is overwhelmingly due to differences in returns to endowments, which account for between 70% and 94.7% of the total earnings gap. Admittedly, the study found evidence of discrimination against women in the returns to endowments, but also observed pronounced favoritism towards men. However, discrimination against women is more pronounced than favoritism towards men. Addressing the gender wage gap in Kenya requires a multifaceted approach that tackles both systemic biases against women and structural barriers that hinder women from accessing equal opportunities in education, training, and career advancement and government policies that minimize favoritism towards men.
How Organizational Inefficiency Adversely Affects Number-of-Employee Based Production Outputs
Authors: Forrest Jeffrey Yi-Lin , Kara Orhan , Augustin Lua A. , Uzuner Gizem , Liu Jun
Published: October 2024

This study uses an analytical approach to investigate the emerging disconnect between firm size and financial performance, as observed recently from a set of long-term data collected from U.S. public firms. By holding all organizational aspects of a firm constant, it confirms the validity of the old saying that the larger a firm is, the better chance it can secure advantages against rivals and the higher returns it can fetch. However, if the assumption about organizational aspects is removed, the present study shows that if a firm employs its assets to increase production output through hiring additional employees, then the consequently increased organizational inefficiency, as caused by interactions of the employees, will soon erase the expected increase in the output. Additionally, it is also shown, among other results, that when a firm hires additional human labor to meet the increasing market demand, the expected profit will decline after first reaching its maximum level. These results crystalize what has been speculated and what have been empirically observed. In the conclusion section, it is recommended that increasing a firm’s size, in terms of the number of employees, is not a realistic, efficient solution to meeting the challenge of increasing market demand. Instead, any genuine solution must satisfy the condition that it does not increase the organization’s inefficiency of the firm, such as increasing the magnitude of automation and/or digitization.
The Relationship Between the Shadow Economy, Corruption, and Taxes: Empirical Evidence from Countries with High and Low Financial Development
Authors: Oanh Tran Thi Kim , Quoc Huynh Van , Nha Lam Tuan , Chau Nguyen Thi Bao , Phat Nguyen Huu
Published: October 2024

The paper explores the relationship between the shadow economy, corruption, and taxes in 25 high-financial developed countries (HFDCs) and 30 low-financial developed countries (LFDCs) using the PVAR method. The results of the impulse-response function show that the corruption perception index (CPI) has a positive correlation with tax revenue and the shadow economy in HFDCs, while tax revenue and the shadow economy are negatively correlated. In contrast, in LFDCs, the shadow economy has a positive correlation with tax revenue and a negative correlation with the CPI. In addition, the study also suggests that there is no relationship between tax revenue and the CPI. From the above findings, we propose several related policies for each group of countries.
Determination of root canal terminate by electronic apex locator
Authors: Krsoum Majid , Omar Majed , Barzanji Sarah , Bukhari Samah
Published: October 2024

Since electronic apex locators (EALs) were developed and innovated, they offered the property of being a determinant for the termination or end point of root canal treatments. Multiple studies have evaluated the efficacy of EAL. These studies suggested that EALs are accurate and reliable for determining working length more than radiographs alone. Two databases have been searched for topics related to EALs: PubMed and Google Scholar. To find out the most relevant articles related to the study's aim, search was done to review articles between 2004 and 2022. Since many brands have different EALs with different generations, the study has been done using Root ZX and Raypex 5 of EAL, concluding that both the Root ZX and Raypex 5 give accuracy up to 96.6% and 93%, respectively, for detecting the apical constriction. In addition, the systematic review results revealed no significant difference among the four generations of apex locators for the determination of working length. EALs can measure working length control and determine apical constriction, even in the presence of blood or irrigants. In addition, this device is a reliable tool for detecting perforations, whether small or large. Therefore, EALs are an essential tool in endodontics and should be combined with radiographs to achieve a higher level of prognosis and success.
Linguistic means of informativeness implementing in an English-language publicistic text
Authors: KNYAZEVA E.G. , SOBOLEVA E.V.
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research presented in the article is to analyse the publicist text, which is a significant phenomenon of modern man's life and society as a whole. It should be noted that today its functioning is not limited only to realisations in printed publications, as it was ten or fifteen years ago. Global opportunities of mass media allow actualising a wider arsenal of achievements of modern science and, of course, modern information and communication technologies. A publicistic text is a complex formation by nature, both in its functional qualities and structure. One of the most important qualities of such a text is informativeness, which is considered in this paper in the unity of metatextual and communicative situations, included in the process of realisation of certain information and data not just as a message about them, but as the author's desire to influence the mental, mental and communicative activity of the recipient by informing about certain events conceptually significant for the addressee (sender of information) in the way he needs to promote the required point of view. The study of linguistic means realising informativeness in a journalistic text reveals a special quality that makes it possible for informativeness to function; the author selects linguistic means in a certain way, relying on his own ideas, values, world picture, linguistic inventory, as well as on the ideas, values, world picture of the imaginary addressee, who can be both mass and individual. The role of the addressee becomes fundamentally important, because, as mentioned above, the informativeness of the text does not simply narrate facts, events and other things, but reports them in such a way that the text becomes informative, first of all, for the recipient. Maintaining informativeness for the addressee is ensured by value determinism, i.e. the assumption of the reader's basic values in the choice of linguistic means that realise informativeness in a publicistic text. Since informativeness, as well as the text is addressed to the recipient, it is realised by two types of language means - rational and emotional, i.e. influencing the rational and emotional spheres of the addressee's communicative activity and his involvement in the informativeness of the text.
Linguocognitive grounds of commemorative discourse
Authors: MURASHOVA E.P.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the linguocognitive aspects of commemorative discourse. Commemorative discourse is understood here as a combination of language-mediated social practices of preservation, promotion and transfer of the heritage of the past. The topicality of the present paper is determined by the need to expand the knowledge of commemorative discourse as an object of linguocognitive study. The aim of the article is to reveal and describe the ways of verbalizing the linguocognitive grounds of English-language commemorative discourse. The material is 570 English-language small-format texts published online by British, American, and Canadian politicians from 2018 till 2024. The research was conducted with general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description, etc.), types of analyzing language phenomena (conceptual, categorial, contextual analysis, discourse analysis) and techniques of material selection and systematization (continuous sampling, fixation of language phenomena). Having analyzed the empirical material, the author finds the principal types of knowledge represented in English-language commemorative discourse – language, intuitive, and scientific, and describes means of their verbalization. The basic linguocognitive mechanisms of meaning-making, which facilitate (re)interpretation of the past, get revealed, cognitive illusion being the most prominent of them. Cognitive illusion is serviced by mechanisms like fusion, analogy, reification, recontextualization, grounding, perspectivization, vantage point, subjectivization, and intersubjectivization.
The media image of the higher education concept in the English, Chinese and Russian languages
Authors: FILYASOVA YU.A. , LONG H.
Published: October 2024

The article considers the HIGHER EDUCATION (HE) concept in the media landscape of American, Chinese and Russian newspapers. The material for the research comprised 273 news articles over the period 2010-2023, containing the keyword ‘higher education’ in their headlines. The research methods included continuous sampling, content analysis, thematic classification, problem identification, keyword selection, and contrastive analysis. The findings show that the number of Chinese news articles with HE in their headlines is considerable higher (approximately by 70%) than in the American and Russian newspapers. This phenomenon is explained by the positioning of HE as a vector of national economy development in China. The Chinese concept HE includes a wide access to HE, active international collaboration and the development of Chinese regions. The American concept HE is exposed as the sum total of social-economic issues caused by insufficient financial resources and unequal opportunities for different demographic categories. The concept HE in the Russian media space is represented as a phenomenon providing opportunities for personal development and career growth. Intercultural similarities and differences are identified in the language representations of the most relevant semantic relations. The common conceptual properties across the cultures are HE quality improvement and the compliance of graduates with labor market requirements.
The national anthem of Peru in the context of the national identity of Peruvians
Authors: CHESNOKOVA O.S. , GOVOROVA L.A. , USMANOV T.F.
Published: October 2024

The article uses the material of the national anthem of the Republic of Peru to establish the linguistic parameters of the national identity of Peruvians. To verify the representation of identity in the anthem, the historical past of the Peruvian ethnic community, the cultural and historical context of the anthem's appearance are revealed. The peculiarities of the modification of the song-poetic text of the anthem in dynamics are regarded as a projection of the perception of the liberation struggle of the Peruvians and the parameters of their national identity. The article is located in several paradigms, which are text linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and the theory of precedent. In this complex paradigm, data on the lexico-semantic, morphological, and rhetorical features of the anthem are established and systematized, which, in turn, are interpreted in the light of the national identity of Peruvians. It is established that the national anthem of Peru reflects the dominant political, social, and religious consciousness of Peruvians, and precedent phenomena inherent in the conceptual sphere of the Spanish language of Peru. The article shows that religious conviction is one of the key dominants of Peruvian culture, which is aesthetically reflected in the text of the national anthem. The plot of the anthem, ranging from the Indian past of the country to independence, receives a fairly clear allegorical interpretation of freedom and devotion to the cultural and historical heritage of Peru and is at the same time an integral marker of the identity of Peruvians. Due to the fact that Peru is a multilingual state, and the official languages of the country are Spanish and Quechua, it is symptomatic that the national anthem of the country is available in Quechua, as well as in the Native American languages Ashaninka, Aymara, Shipibo–Konibo, Auahun. Being an integral aesthetic construct, the Peruvian anthem reveals universal hymn-forming patterns and at the same time represents an independent rhetorical essence and an organic part of the linguistic parameters of the national identity of Peruvians, including in the aspect of multilingualism of the country.
Desain Dan Implementasi Instalasi Listrik Instalasi Listrik Di Mushalla Rimbo Panjang Batu Busuk
Authors: Hendri Zulka , Hanalde Andre  , Akbar Abadi  , Riza Widia  , Efendi
Published: October 2024

Pemerataan pembangunan daerah perlu mendapatkan perhatian serius dari berbagai pihak, termasuk akademisi seperti dosen, guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara menyeluruh. Salah satu aspek penting dalam pembangunan daerah adalah tersedianya sarana ibadah yang layak, aman, dan nyaman bagi masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mendukung pemerataan pembangunan daerah, dengan fokus pada peningkatan kenyamanan masyarakat dalam beribadah melalui penyediaan instalasi listrik yang aman dan sesuai standar di mushalla. Proses perancangan dan implementasi instalasi listrik dilaksanakan dengan mematuhi standar PUIL serta menggunakan komponen yang telah memenuhi standar SNI. Penggunaan instalasi listrik yang tidak aman berpotensi membahayakan keselamatan pengguna maupun lingkungan sekitar, sehingga penerapan standar keamanan menjadi prioritas utama dalam kegiatan ini. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berhasil mewujudkan instalasi listrik yang sesuai standar dan aman pada mushalla yang menjadi sasaran. Keberhasilan kegiatan diukur melalui survei kepuasan pengguna dengan hasil yang menggembirakan, yaitu sebanyak 61,6% responden menyatakan sangat puas, 28,6% menyatakan puas, 9% menyatakan kurang puas, dan hanya 0,8% yang menyatakan tidak puas. Dengan demikian, sebanyak 90,2% responden menyatakan puas dan sangat puas terhadap hasil kegiatan ini, yang menunjukkan keberhasilan signifikan dalam menciptakan lingkungan beribadah yang lebih nyaman, aman, dan sesuai dengan harapan masyarakat.
Administrative Liability for Offenses Committed in the Information and Telecommunications Network Internet: problems and Solutions
Authors: Юркова О.А. , Соболева А.А.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается проблема административной ответственности за правонарушения в сети Интернет. Акцентируется внимание на растущей сложности расследования таких инцидентов из-за анонимности пользователей и глобальности информационной сети. Исследуются объективные и субъективные признаки таких административных правонарушений, как оскорбление, пропаганда наркотических средств, сбор и незаконное распространение персональных данных; вносятся предложения по усилению системы регулирования и контроля, включая изменения в законодательстве и ужесточение административных санкций. Особое внимание уделяется необходимости сотрудничества с интернет-провайдерами и общественными организациями, повышению грамотности пользователей и усилению мониторинга интернет-пространства для эффективного реагирования и превентивных действий против правонарушений в сети.

The article examines the problem of administrative liability for offenses on the Internet. The focus is on the growing complexity of investigating such incidents due to the anonymity of users and the global nature of the information network. The objective and subjective signs of such administrative offenses as insult, propaganda of narcotic drugs, collection and illegal distribution of personal data are studied; proposals are made to strengthen the system of regulation and control, including changes in legislation and tougher administrative sanctions. Particular attention is paid to the need for cooperation with Internet providers and public organizations, increasing user literacy and strengthening monitoring of the Internet space for effective response and preventive actions against offenses on the network.
Spiritual and Moral Values in Legal Documents of Russia: Reflection in the Information Space
Authors: Митин А.Н. , Лебедев Д.В.
Published: October 2024

В настоящей публикации предлагается к обсуждению вопрос о традиционных российских духовно-нравственных ценностях, их отражении в отечественном законодательстве и присутствии в информационном пространстве при условии обеспечения информационной безопасности. Анализируется понятие «традиционные духовно-нравственные ценности», рассматривается история его использования в правовом дискурсе и правовых документах. Обсуждаются правовые последствия юридического оформления понятия «традиционные ценности». Авторы приходят к выводу, что включение в российский правовой дискурс понятия «традиционные ценности» исторически оправдано и позволяет способствовать противодействию угрозам, с которыми сталкивается России в условиях политической и социальной реальности. Авторы анализируют особенности репрезентации традиционных ценностей в информационном пространстве в эпоху «постправды» и приходят к выводу, что выбранная государством политика противодействия антиобщественным, деструктивным проявлениям через обращение к традиционным ценностям может быть эффективной. Это обусловлено целевым предназначением традиционных ценностей в консолидации общества, обеспечении суверенитета государства.

This publication proposes to discuss the issue of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, their reflection in domestic legislation, and their presence in the information space, provided that information security is ensured. The article analyzes the concept of "traditional spiritual and moral values", examines the history of its use in legal discourse and legal documents in particular. The legal consequences of the legal formalization of the concept of "traditional values" are discussed. The authors conclude that the inclusion of the concept of "traditional values" in the Russian legal discourse is historically justified and makes it possible to contribute to countering the threats faced by Russia in the context of political and social reality. The authors analyze the peculiarities of the representation of traditional values in the information space in the era of "post-truth" and come to the conclusion that the policy chosen by the state to counter antisocial, destructive manifestations through an appeal to traditional values can be effective. This is due to the purpose of traditional values in consolidating society and ensuring the sovereignty of the state.
Transformations of Copyright Legislation in the Context of the Development of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Михайлова И.А.
Published: October 2024

В настоящее время все более широко распространяется практика создания произведений с использованием искусственного интеллекта, что неизбежно затрагивает действующее законодательство об авторском праве. Внедрение в творческую деятельность технологий искусственного интеллекта принципиально меняет процесс создания произведений литературы, науки и искусства, поскольку многие решения, связанные с интеллектуальной деятельностью, компьютерная программа принимает без вмешательства человека. Анализируя российское и зарубежное законодательство и судебную практику, автор выявляет различные подходы к решению вопроса о возможности правовой защиты произведений, созданных с использованием искусственного интеллекта, исследует представленные в доктрине суждения относительно проблемы признания авторских прав на такие произведения и примеры регламентации отношений, возникающих в рассматриваемой сфере. На основании проведенного исследования формулируется вывод о необходимости законодательного закрепления по меньшей мере базовых требований к использованию искусственного интеллекта в творческой деятельности, включая установление критериев охраноспособности произведений, созданных при его участии, а также маркировки продукта как сгенерированного искусственным интеллектом.

Currently, the practice of creating works using artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly widespread, which inevitably affects current copyright legislation. The introduction of artificial intelligence technologies into creative activity fundamentally changes the process of creating works of literature, science and art, since many decisions related to intellectual activity are made by a computer program without human intervention. Analyzing Russian and foreign legislation and judicial practice, the author identifies different approaches to resolving the issue of the possibility of legal protection of works created using artificial intelligence, analyzes the judgments presented in the doctrine regarding the problem of recognizing copyright in such works and considers examples of the regulation of relations arising in the considered sphere. Based on the study, a conclusion is formulated about the need to legislate at least basic requirements for the use of artificial intelligence in creative activities, including establishing criteria for the protection of works created with its participation, as well as labeling a product as generated by artificial intelligence.