bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Object Detection and Tracking in Real Time Videos
Authors: Llano Christian R. , Ren Yuan , Shaikh Nazrul I.
Published: March 2019

Object and human tracking in streaming videos are one of the most challenging problems in vision computing. In this article, we review some relevant machine learning algorithms and techniques for human identification and tracking in videos. We provide details on metrics and methods used in the computer vision literature for monitoring and propose a state-space representation of the object tracking problem. A proof of concept implementation of the state-space based object tracking using particle filters is presented as well. The proposed approach enables tracking objects/humans in a video, including foreground/background separation for object movement detection.
Agile Project Management in University-Industry Collaboration Projects
Authors: Säisä Marika Eve Katariina , Tiura Katariina , Matikainen Rita
Published: March 2019

Both disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge is needed in order for a student to succeed as a professional after graduation. Interdisciplinary knowledge, such as project management skills are important in working life regardless the competence area. In order for a student to gain competences relevant for working life, both traditional and agile project management frameworks should be a part of their studies – in theory and in practice. In this article, a case study is presented on the integration of an agile project management framework into university-industry collaboration projects. First, the methodologies used in theFIRMA are introduced. Thereafter, the activities and the roles of theFIRMA are described and an externally funded R&D project is presented. Finally, the experiences of past and current activities are discussed, and future development thoughts are presented.
Dilbert Moments
Authors: Prater James , Kirytopoulos Konstantinos , Ma Tony
Published: March 2019

Developing and delivering a project to an agreed schedule is fundamentally what project managers do. There is still an ongoing debate about schedule delays. This research investigates the development of schedules through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings reveal that half of the respondents believe that delays reported in the media are not real and should be attributed to scope changes. IT project managers estimating techniques include bottom-up estimates, analogy, and expert judgement. Impeding factors reported for the development of realistic schedules were technical (e.g. honest mistakes) and political (e.g. completion dates imposed by the sponsor). Respondents did not mention any psychological factors, although most were aware of optimism bias. However, they were not familiar with approaches to mitigate its impacts. Yet, when these techniques were mentioned, the overwhelming majority agreed that these mitigation approaches would change their schedule estimate.
e-Waste Management Awareness Program in Solomon Island
Authors: Ahmed Shamsuddin
Published: March 2019

Worldwide electronic waste items have grown as product life has become shorter. The electronic products are e-waste and end up in rubbish dumps and recycling centers, posing a threat to the environment. The e-waste disposal methods adopted by Pacific island countries (PICs) are inadequate. The Solomon Island (SI) is one of the PICs and does not have a sustainable solution. The purpose of this article is to develop a framework for sustainable e-waste management campaign based on a project management framework incorporating stakeholder, risk, time, and public awareness and people management. A macro project management risk model is constructed to implement an e-waste awareness education program and assist PICs policy makers to successfully launch e-waste management program. It is shown in this work how an e-waste project management awareness program can work for SI. The important factors to be controlled for successful e-awareness program are identified with a project risk management framework. The impact, failure, and consequences of the e-waste awareness campaign are quantified. This article also provides a review of the e-waste awareness in Pacific island countries and puts forward a pan to mitigate the e-waste problem in IS. The e‐wastes in SI are unwanted electronic equipment and electrical appliances which reached its end of life and does not function as it was planned. The toxic elements within e-waste contaminate the water, land, and air. The SI does not have enough resources and technical capacity to recycle e-waste. Appropriate management and disposal of e‐waste is essential as the long-standing shield for the protection of SI and regional PICs environments. The aim is to maintain long‐term regional sustainability. The adoption of national e‐waste management policies will safeguard the movement recycling and disposal of e‐waste in a controlled manner through the Basel and Waigani convention protocols. The study designs a new paradigm for solving e-waste management issues is PICs using a project management approach, focusing on risk management, risk impact, organizational design with communication plan, and human interaction.
Generative Matching Between Heterogeneous Meta-Model' Systems Based on Hybrid Heuristic
Authors: Batouta Zouhair Ibn , Dehbi Rachid , Talea Mohamed , Omar Hajoui
Published: March 2019

Nowadays, designing and building computer systems has become increasingly difficult; this is essentially due to the great number of existing solutions. This article proposes a hybrid heuristic allowing the connection between meta-models of different systems, which will allow the generation between models conforming to these connected meta-models. First, this article presents the architecture of the generative matching approach named generative automatic matching (GAM), then is introduced an important part of this approach, a hybrid heuristic allowing the matching between the meta-models. Finally, the authors conclude by a multiple criteria evaluation of this approach.
Comparison of Physiological Parameters between Amateur and Professional Bharathanatyam Dancers
Authors: Ananth S. Saba
Published: March 2019

Physiologists claim to have recognized the therapeutic potential of the pre-eminent classical dance tradition of India known as Bharathanatyam to contribute to the formation of a healthy lifestyle equipped with kinetic, cognitive and spiritual elements of outstanding recreational value. Accordingly, the further a person gets involved in daily practices of Bharathanatyam, the greater it impacts on his or her physiological condition. In this background this study aims at comparing the variations that occur in the physiological parameters of professional and amateur Bharathanatyam dancers respectively, such as resting heart rate (RHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and VO2 max. The subjects used for the study were sixty women Bharathanatyam dancers [(N=60), (age 19-23) (BMI 27 ± 1.5)] from Jaffna, Sri Lanka. They were classified as professional dancers [(PD) (n=30, practicing 90 to 120 min / day for 5 to 6 day / week over the period of minimum 5 years)] and amateur dancers[(AD)( n=30, practicing 30 to 60 min / day/ 2 to 3 day / week over a period of minimum 5 years)]. Taking each of them individually, their resting heart rate (RHR) was measured by palpating the radial artery for one whole minute, their blood pressure (SBP,DBP) was measured, using a standardized sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, and their VO2 max was assessed by means of the Queen’s step test. Their resting heart rate and blood pressure were taken during the early morning hours while the collected data were statistically treated by using independent ‘t’ tests, with a confidence level of 0.05 fixed to test the significance. The results of the study showed that professional dancers had lesser resting heart rate [(RHR) (mean 68.47), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mean 113.23), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (mean 77.17) and higher VO2 max (mean 46.67)] than amateur dancers [whose RHR (mean 77.93), SBP (mean 117.83), DBP (mean 80.50) and VO2 max (mean 44.33)]. Hence it was concluded that, professional bharathanatyam dance practice positively influence the physiological parameters of the individual in respect of RHR, SBP, DBP and VO2 max than amateur dance practice. In light of the findings, the study attempts to show that a submaximal dancing intensity is adequate for dancers to improve their physiological parameters.
Saving Groups and Social Structure in a Rural Village in Kurunegala, Sri Lanka
Authors: Masuda Rika
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to analyse how the activities of selfhelp group (SHG)-type ‘Saving Groups’, a type of microfinance, have changed the social structure of a village in rural Sri Lanka and (2) to evaluate whether these activities have reached the poorest of the village as microfinance sometimes fails to include the least privileged. To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the researcher surveyed a whole village in Polpithigama Divisional Secretariat Division, Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka, where ‘Saving Groups’ have been active for a long time under the auspices of a non-government organisation. The implementing organisation of the ‘Saving Groups’ claims that exclusion does not exist in the village as it has tried to carefully include the poorest of the village during the formation of the ‘Saving Groups’. I used social network analysis to visualise the social structure of the village and conducted qualitative interviews of key informants. The survey results reveal that the structure of the village has changed as a result of the implementation of the studied interventions in the village. It was found that, although the poorest were unable to voice their opinions at meetings organised by the local community organisations, their financial situation improved as a result of the activities; their social position in the village improved and discrimination against them reduced. Nonetheless, there are two distinct geographic spaces in the village, and different castes live separately from one another. Because of these spaces, the lower caste had been excluded from availing of the services provided by ‘Saving Groups’ through their activities on a long-term basis. These effects were unforeseen and unintended by the implementing agency of the programme. The success of the activities has been confirmed by other surveys conducted by the author in this area of study.
Analysis on the Orthographic Errors Marked By the Native English Learners of Sinhala
Authors: Karunarathna Lokeshwari S.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this research is to study the orthographical errors made by the native English second language (L2) learners of Sinhala. A blend of similarities and dissimilarities are visible between the orthography of English and Sinhala. Even though both languages are written horizontally in left to write direction, they do not share any scripts (letters) in common such as in English and French or English and Spanish. Sinhala has an alpha-syllabary written system, whereas English has an alphabetic written system. Due to the transfer effect (the influences from the first language (L1) on learning a second language (L2)) the native English students, who were learning communicative Sinhala, tended to mark errors in orthography in and outside the classroom. I have used the three most related theories for this study: The Transfer Theory, the Error Analysis and the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis. This paper discusses five major categories in which the second language students of beginner level have made errors while practicing their Sinhala orthography. The data was collected from 35 students over a period of 5 years and has been analyzed using qualitative methods. The qualitative data analysis revealed seven major categories of errors commonly done by the second language students of beginner level while practicing their Sinhala orthography.
Renal length in a healthy Sri Lankan adult population - Sonographic study
Authors: Kodikara I. , Gamage D.T.K. , Nilmini K.W.G.P. , Nanayakkara B.G. , Ilayperuma I.
Published: March 2019

Kidney to body height ratio (KBR) is considered as a better parameter compared to absolute renal length (RL) in renal size evaluation. Ethnic variations are described for renalsizes. Studies pertaining to renal length are scares for Sri Lankan population. Current study was conducted to evaluate RL and KBR for a group of Sri Lankan adults.
Morphological Evaluation of Cephalic Phenotypes in Purana (old) Inhabitants at Sigiriya Suburbs, Sri Lanka
Authors: Chandimal K.M. , Adhikari G. , Yasawardene S.G.
Published: March 2019

This study was designed to determine the cephalic phenotypes of adult Purana (ancient) inhabitants living in the suburbs of Sigiriya, Sri Lanka, whose ancestry goes back to, the times of Sinhalese Kings, 5th century A.D. (1,450 YBP). One hundred and seven adult male and 206 female individuals belonging to Purana pedigree without craniofacial deformity were used as primary samples for the study. The head length and breadth were measured accordingly to the standard procedures as described in the literature and cephalic index and cephalic phenotype were determined for each individual. The study revealed that mean head length (18.2 cm) and mean head breadth (14.4 cm) of male were significantly higher than mean head length (17.5 cm) and mean head breadth (13.9 cm) of female, respectively (P< 0.05). The mean cephalic index was 79.40 in male and 81.00 in female. The dominant type of cephalic phenotype in male was mesocephalic (41%) followed by brachycephalic (29%), dolicocephalic (20%) and hyperbrachycephalic (10%). In females, dominant type of cephalic phenotype was mesocephalic (34%) followed by brachycephalic (32%), dolicocephalic (17%) and hyperbrachycephalic (17%). The common cephalic phenotype of the Purana population, irrespective of gender, was mesocephalic (35%). The data of the study will be useful to anthropologists, anatomists and forensic experts etc.
Study of Renal Artery Patterns in a Sri Lankan Population
Authors: Dissanayake P.H. , Jayasekera R.W.
Published: March 2019

Introduction The increased frequency of surgical as well as diagnostic and interventional radiological procedures involving the kidneys and the renal vasculature has shown a definite demand for a re-evaluation of the renal arterial anatomy and its variations.Objective The objective of this study was to assess the anatomy of the renal arterial pattern in a Sri Lankan population. Methodology 382 human cadaver kidneys were analyzed for its arterial anatomy.Results Of the 382 kidneys analysed, single renal arteries were found in 260 specimens (68.06%) and 122 (31.94%) had multiple renal arteries. The incidence of multiple renal arteries in males were 30.68% and 34.75%. in females. A higher number of multiple renal arteries were found on the left, ie: 70 out of 122 (57.38%) compared to 52 out of 122 (42.62%) on the right. A superior polar artery was given off from the main renal arteries in 86 kidneys (22.51%) and an inferior polar artery was noted arising from the main renal artery in 29 kidneys (7.59%). Pre-hilar segmental branching was seen in 111 (29.06%) of the main renal arteries.Conclusion 31.9% of our study population had multiple renal arteries. There was no significant difference with regard to the incidence of multiple renal arteries, between the two sexes nor on the sides. Prior knowledge of possible variations that may exist is important for the diagnostic and interventional radiologists, transplant surgeons and urologists. No detailed study has been done in a Sri Lankan population and in this regard our findings may provide some insight to the practising clinician in Sri Lanka.
"Exercise is Medicine Exercise is Wellness" 4th Scientific Session of SLSMA
Authors: Ranasinghe Chathuranga
Published: March 2019

The Sri Lanka Sports Medicine Association (SLSMA) is organizing the 4th Scientific Sessions this year in collaboration with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and National Olympic Committee (NOC) of Sri Lanka under the theme “Exercise is Medicine Exercise is Wellness” from 24th to 26th November 2018 at Olympic House, Colombo, Sri Lanka. The event is endorsed by the Asian Federation of Sports Medicine (AFSM).
Transgresión, fusión y posibilidad peligrosa. Las claves gráficas de Ghost in the Shell
Authors: Cuenca García Celia
Published: March 2019

En 2017 se estrenó Ghost in the Shell. El alma de la máquina (Rupert Sanders, 2017) la versión en imagen real de la película de animación Ghost in the Shell creada por Mamoru Oshii en 1995 a partir del manga de Masamune Shirow Kokaku Kidotai (1989). Si bien el “remake” trataba de homenajear el universo plástico del director y de toda la saga, su planteamiento estético puso de manifiesto algunas diferencias que convertían la nueva propuesta en una versión tecnófoba y pesimista. El motivo es que mientras que esta revisión destaca la esencia humana como rasgo superior, el anime defendía la hibridación cíborg como una actitud revolucionaria y abierta al futuro. Para desarrollar esa mirada optimista Oshii se sirvió de tres claves gráficas que definían el discurso de su película: resaltar los límites transgredidos, representar la fusión de los opuestos y diseñar las posibilidades peligrosas (u oportunidades) que podría traer el porvenir tecnificado. En mi opinión esas tres ideas aparecían ya en una obra anterior a la película de Oshii que miraba al futuro de una forma muy similar: el “Manifiesto cíborg” de Donna Haraway (1991). Este artículo aborda la traducción de esos supuestos teóricos a su representación estética mediante la animación, técnica que ofreció a Oshii las posibilidades con las que crear un univeso irrepetible.
O papel da promoção de vendas no processo de decisão de compra do consumidor no supermercado Perim, de Itapoã
Authors: Hamerski Henrique , Rocha Freitas Bárbara
Published: March 2019

It is a research study conducted with customers of the supermarket Perim of neighborhood Itapoã in Vila Velha (ES), which seeks to show if there is the influence of the actions of sales promotions in the process of buying decision of consumers. The research performed in this study had a quantitative identifying through questionnaires which sales promotions influenced their purchasing decisions. 100 people were interviewed randomly, chosen after the moment of purchase. After the removal and the analysis of data it is concluded that there is a high degree of influence of sales promotions in the process of buying decision of the consumer, and that the marks selected for the action were “well views” at the time of purchase by consumers.
Sucessão familiar planejada: a intervenção externa e seus efeitos
Authors: Gobbidalvi Gaudio Thais , Alves de Mello Brenda Carla , Gava Camiletti Giovana
Published: March 2019

Family businesses are a reality of the world economy being representative of much of the economic market power. However, the lack of succession planning is a challenge for most of them they often opt for the intervention of an outside consultant accordingly. Thus, the overall objective was to survey and analyze the main challenges for the implementation of succession programs in family businesses from outside intervention. A descriptive research with a qualitative approach and as the chosen method to address the problem was used multicases study, with data collection conducted with four family businesses in Greater Vitória / ES and an external intervention company that operates in ES was performed. The data were collected through interviews with managers and shareholders directly involved in the family succession process. The main results of this study show the importance of foreign intervention in the family succession process planned for the conservation of these significant and meaningful way institutions and this is a practice adopted by all companies surveyed, being a working knowledge enhancement work, able to minimize failure factors in the family succession process and provides specific tutoring for each company and family profile
Long-term trends in the ionospheric response to solar EUV variations
Authors: Vaishnav Rajesh , Jacobi Christoph , Berdermann Jens
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The thermosphere-ionosphere system shows high complexity due to interaction with the continuously varying solar radiation flux. We investigate the ionospheric response to the temporal and spatial dynamics of the solar activity using 18 years (1999–2017) of total electron content (TEC) maps provided by the international GNSS service (IGS) and twelve solar proxies (F10.7, F1.8, F3.2, F8, F15, F30, He-II, MG-II index, Ly-α, Ca K, DSA and SSN). Cross-wavelet and Lomb Scargle periodogram (LSP) analysis are used to evaluate the different solar proxies in respect to their impact on the global mean TEC (GTEC), which is important for improved ionosphere modelling and forecasts. A 16–32 days period in all the solar proxies and GTEC has been identified. The maximum correlation at this time scale is observed between the He-II, Mg-II, and F30 with respect to GTEC, with an effective time delay of about one day. LSP analysis shows that the most dominant period is 27 days, which is based on mean solar rotation, followed by a 44-day periodicity. In addition, a semi-annual and an annual variation has been observed in GTEC, with the strongest correlation near the equator region where a time delay about 1–2 days exists. The wavelet variance estimation method is used to find the variance in the maximum of the solar cycles (SC) 23 (2000–2002) and 24 (2012–2014), for GTEC and F10.7 index, respectively. Wavelet variance estimation suggests that GTEC variance is highest for the seasonal timescale followed by the 16–32 days period, similar to the F10.7 index highest variance for the 16–32 days period. Variance during SC 23 is larger than during SC 24. The most suitable proxy to represent the solar activity at the time scales of 16–32 days and 32–64 days is He-II. The MG-II index, Ly-α, and F30 may be placed at the second as these indices show the strongest correlation with GTEC, but there are some differences between solar maximum and minimum. The F1.8 and DSA are of limited use to represent the solar impact on GTEC. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the TEC data shows that the first EOF components capture more than 86 % of the variance, and the first three EOF components explain 99 % of the total variance. EOF analysis suggests that the first component is associated with the solar flux.
Estimation of near-surface attenuation in the tectonically complex
contact area of the Northwestern External Dinarides and the Adriatic
foreland
Authors: Markušić Snježana , Stanko Davor , Korbar Tvrtko , Sović Ivica
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Seismic-induced ground motion at a site is generally influenced by seismic source, propagation path and local site conditions. Over the last several decades, researchers have consistently asserted that for near site attenuation, the spectral parameter kappa is subject primarily to site conditions. In this research we estimated parameter kappa based on the acceleration amplitude spectrum of shear waves, from the selected recordings of local earthquakes from seismological stations situated in the western part of Croatia from the slope of the high-frequency part. The spatial distribution of individual kappa values is compared with the azimuthal distribution of earthquake epicentres, with Vs30 values and the published coda-Q values for each station, as well as with isoseismal maps for several stronger events in the investigated area, along with the geological features. The dextral shift of crustal segments and frontal thrust of the External Dinarides along the Kvarner fault zone has probably had an impact on the geometry of the kappa parameter contour lines. These results are important for gaining further insight into the attenuation of near-surface crust layers in the Northwestern External Dinarides and the associated Adriatic foreland, as well as in similar geotectonic settings.
Matergrafia e patrimônio: Santuários Marianos como espaço simbólico e vetorial da Latinidade
Authors: Oliveira Christian Dennys Monteiro de
Published: March 2019

O artigo aborda a transformação histórica e metodológica dos estudos sobre santuários brasileiros, com base na invocação católica da Conceição Aparecida, em uma reflexão cultural sobre o espaço simbólico na América Latina. Considerando aspectos históricos, semióticos e institucionais muito expressivos para análise do patrimônio cultural no continente, o trabalho reconhece a emergência de uma rede de identificação do espaço religioso. Essa geografia de projeção cultural favorece a interpretação articulada de vetores simbólicos (nas festas, mídias e turismo), facilitando tanto a comparação de outras localidades (municípios-santuários), no Brasil e na América Latina, quanto a caracterização da estética teatral das devoções na construção do patrimônio continental. Sintetizando a verificações qualitativas feitas durante três anos de investigação sobre as estratégias de irradiação da devoção mariana, o estudo alcançou uma avaliação da força estética do patrimônio religioso como um desafio de valorização patrimonial da latinidade. E concluiu que o grande risco ao patrimônio cultural religioso está no crescimento das ideologias fundamentalistas, que buscam descredenciar a legitimidade da tradição Mariana e o sincretismo religioso e cultural na identidade continental.    
Palavras-chave: Símbolo, Devoção Mariana, Santuário, Latinidade, Patrimônio Religioso.
A IMPORTÂNCIA ESPACIAL DA PROXIMIDADE GEOGRÁFICA NA PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA E NOS PROCESSOS DE INOVAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Oliveira Allison Bezerra
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a importância da proximidade geográfica na pesquisa científica e nos processos de inovação tecnológica mediante os contornos tecnológicos comunicacionais. Desta forma, estabeleceu-se o seguinte questionamento: diante da difusão do uso da comunicação instantânea, a proximidade geográfica na pesquisa científica e inovação ainda é relevante para aqueles que cooperam em pesquisas? Nesse contexto, delimitou-se o estado de Pernambuco como recorte espacial, a área de Farmácia como amostragem, e o período de 2000 a 2010 como recorte temporal. Além de reflexão teórica sobre o tema, foram mapeadas as conexões entre pesquisadores, a produção de conhecimento destes, e foram enviados questionários eletrônicos para os pesquisados. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a relevância da proximidade geográfica como componente fundamental na construção de relações de cooperação mais duradouras e com maior possibilidade de retorno entre os pesquisadores.
A Regional Assessment of Four Green Manure/Cover Crop Species Suited to Tropical Southeast Asia
Authors: Trail Patrick J , Motis Tim N , Bicksler Abram J
Published: March 2019

While maintaining adequate levels of soil fertility can be a challenge on any farm, maintaining those levels on the resource-limited smallholder farms of the tropics requires options that are also affordable, practical, and appropriate in such challenging conditions. This research endeavor was designed to compare the adaptability and potential of four legume species promoted as Green Manure/Cover Crops (GMCC’s) in Southeast Asia. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis), Lablab (Lablab purpureus), and Ricebean (Vigna umbellata) were planted in field trials in five diverse countries across Southeast Asia in 2016, including Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Bangladesh, and the Philippines. Data was collected to assess the production of above-ground biomass, percentage of ground cover, and timing of growth cycles at each site. Although results varied from country to country based on soil-type, climatic conditions, and growing degree days, Jackbean consistently outperformed other GMCC species in terms of biomass production, yielding up to 12 t ha-1 on a dry-weight basis in Bangladesh and the Philippines. Of the four crops compared, cowpea consistently delivered the shortest growth cycle, reaching the pod formation stage in the fewest number of days across all five sites. These results provide informative answers regarding the growth habits and life cycles of these four crops across five diverse sites, and serve to enhance the capability of smallholders in Southeast Asia to select appropriate species needed for soil improvement purposes in a wide-ranging set of cropping systems.
Grammar and Theology in Daniel 3:16–18
Authors: Cook John A.
Published: March 2019

The tense standoff between Nebuchadnezzar, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego reaches its climactic moment in the final response from the three friends in Dan 3:16–18. The grammar of the passage has presented a challenge to translators and interpreters through the centuries because the most evident reading of the passage suggests an objectionable theological stance by the friends, in which they imply the possibility either of their God’s nonexistence or His inability to rescue them. In this article, I survey the main ways this passage has been translated and interpreted and then suggest a new translation and interpretation that is grammatically and theologically warranted.
Ironic Imitations: Parody, Mockery, and the Barnyard Chase in the Nun's Priest's Tale
Authors: Pattison Andrew John
Published: March 2019

The humor of the chase scene in the Nun's Priest's Tale has been widely noted without necessarily being deeply explored. Far more interest has been placed, for example, on the allusion to the Peasants' Revolt and the meaning of the passage within the tale's wider parody of medieval rhetoric. This article analyzes the humor of the barnyard chase, highlighting that it includes layers of burlesque but also irony and parody, depending on the reader's frame of reference. Using various texts pertaining to hunting in the late medieval period as instruments of inquiry, the article argues that the chase scene should be read against the backdrop of the noble hunt. Chaucer's subtle treatment of terminology, technology, wordplay, sound, and image implies that the passage should be read as an ironic imitation of courtly hunting. This article thus suggests an alternative reading of a central passage in the Nun's Priest's Tale.
Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos e a condição dos catadores no Brasil
Authors: Piaia Thami Covatti , Cervi Jacson Roberto , Bertaso João Martins
Published: March 2019

O artigo objetiva analisar a Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos frente à situação dos catadores no Brasil, como uma questão de cidadania aos envolvidos. Nesse intuito, são examinadas as políticas governamentais existentes sobre o tema, assim como a necessidade da participação da comunidade brasileira, de maneira ativa e responsável, no âmbito dessas políticas. Neste trabalho, aponta-se para a necessidade da existência de políticas voltadas à destinação correta dos resíduos sólidos, assim como a inclusão social e a emancipação econômica dos catadores de materiais recicláveis e reutilizáveis no Brasil.
La ciencia en la sociedad : inteligibilidad e influencia
Authors: Summers Gámez Joaquín
Published: March 2019

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Origen de los seguros de invalidez, vejez y muerte a través de la normativa y los congresos de Organización Internacional del Trabajo y su recepción en España
Authors: Díaz Moya Rafael
Published: March 2019

El estudio consiste en determinar si existen evidenciasque nos permitan determinar la existencia del origen real delconcepto de invalidez como derecho social exigible que permita diferenciarlode la atención que se dispensaba al inválido, de carácterproteccionista, o si, por el contrario, existió una evolución de unproceso de sistematización de la asistencia.Podría pensarse que, la influencia de la beneficencia en la Constituciónde 1812, su reforma en 1849 y la existencia de corrientescomo Spencer y Nietzsche que deseaban que cada cual debía sufrirlas consecuencias de su conducta en aras de un espíritu liberal, Españase encaminaba a una intervención del Estado bajo el prisma dela religión.No obstante, el espíritu reformista de intervencionismo científicoen las relaciones de producción de sectores progresistas de la burguesíaen defensa del orden económico capitalista krausista marcaría,especialmente en el primer lustro de la década de los años 30 delsiglo xx, un punto de inflexión en la evolución histórica de la protecciónsocial de la invalidez como derecho exigible, aunque en aquelmomento limitado a las relaciones de producción.The study consists of determining if there exist piecesof evidence that allow us to determine the existence of the real originof the concept of disability as a social right exigible that it protectionist,that allows to distinguish it from the attention that wasgiven to the disabled person or if, on the contrary, there existed anevolution of a process of systematization of the assistance.There might be thought that, the influence of the welfare in theConstitution of 1812, his reform in 1849 and the existence of currentsas Spencer and Nietzsche who were wishing that everyone hadto suffer the consequences of the conducts of them on altars of anliberal spirit, Spain was directing to an intervention on the prism ofthe religion.Nevertheless, the spirit reformist of scientific interventionism inthe relations of production of liberal and progressive sectors of themiddle class in defense of the economic capitalist order Krausistwould mark, in the second decade of the 20th century, a point of inflexionin the historical evolution of the social protection of the disabilityas right exigible, even if in that moment it was limited to therelations of production.
Norsk film- og kinosystem i forandring
Authors: Solum Ove
Published: March 2019

Denne artikkelen gir en kort oversikt over den historiske bakgrunnen for utviklingen av det som resulterte i etableringen av en unik kommunal film- og kinoinstitusjon i Norge. Videre ser artikkelen nærmere på de seneste endringene som har resultert i et sammensatt kinolandskap, med både en offentlig kommunalt basert kinosektor og en privat internasjonal gren. Norske kinoer sammen med kinokjeder i Skandinavia har i løpet av få år blitt innlemmet i verdens største globale kinoselskap, det i utgangspunktet amerikanske selskapet AMC, i dag eid av den kinesiske Wanda-gruppen. Artikkelen kommenterer også endringene som har funnet sted innenfor filmproduksjon og distribusjon i Norge. This article provides a brief outline of the historic background for the development of what resulted in the establishment of a unique municipal cinema institution in Norway.  Thereafter the article looks more closely at the recent changes leading to a new mixed cinema landscape with both a public municipally based cinema sector and a private international branch. Norwegian movie theatres, together with movie theatre chains in Scandinavia, have within a few years been included into the largest global movie theatre company in the world, the initially American company AMC, now owned by the Chinese Wanda group. The article also comments upon changes within the field of film production and distribution in Norway.
A multi-year experiment shows that lower precipitation predictability encourages plants’ early life stages and enhances population viability
Authors: March-Salas Martí , Fitze Patrick S.
Published: March 2019

Climate change is a key factor that may cause the extinction of species. The associated reduced weather predictability may alter the survival of plants, especially during their early life stages, when individuals are most fragile. While it is expected that extreme weather events will be highly detrimental for species, the effects of more subtle environmental changes have been little considered. In a four-year experiment on two herbaceous plants, Papaver rhoeas and Onobrychis viciifolia, we manipulated the predictability of precipitation by changing the temporal correlation of precipitation events while maintaining average precipitation constant, leading to more and less predictable treatments. We assessed the effect of predictability on plant viability in terms of seedling emergence, survival, seed production, and population growth rate. We found greater seedling emergence, survival, and population growth for plants experiencing lower intra-seasonal predictability, but more so during early compared to late life stages. Since predictability levels were maintained across four generations, we have also tested whether descendants exhibited transgenerational responses to previous predictability conditions. In P. rhoeas, descendants had increased the seedling emergence compared to ancestors under both treatments, but more so under lower precipitation predictability. However, higher predictability in the late treatment induced higher survival in descendants, showing that these conditions may benefit long-term survival. This experiment highlights the ability of some plants to rapidly exploit environmental resources and increase their survival under less predictable conditions, especially during early life stages. Therefore, this study provides relevant evidence of the survival capacity of some species under current and future short-term environmental alterations.
School for All in One Box (SAOB): Providing Education as a Service (EAAS) to the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) People
Authors: Maria Shithil Santa , Kumar Das Subrata
Published: March 2019

With the advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) nowadays education is transforming throughout the world. Cloud computing has added a new dimension to this transformation. Cloud computing is providing education as a service (EaaS) and is delivering education to the remote students. This service is making education available to the students at any place and at any time. However, the matter of disgrace is that the bottom of the pyramid (BoP) people is far behind enjoying the facilities of EaaS. Most of BoP people live in rural villages, or urban slums and shantytowns, and they have little or no formal education. Traditional education system failed to provide the proper education. Hence EaaS can be used to remove their illiteracy. However, they do not have any necessary equipment or money that is necessary for accessing EaaS. A portable box will design that will consist of all equipment necessary for having access to EaaS. This box will carry by a representative from door to door to provide education to the bottom of the pyramid (BoP) people which will help them to turn over their luck with better life without their internet facility and to spend a significant amount of money.
Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic Implementation in Image Fusion Technique
Authors: Kumar Dutta Ashit
Published: March 2019

Image fusion (IF) is integrating more than one image into a single image. It accepts multiple images as input and produces a single image as an output. Image w needs an image with high spectral and spatial information. It has wide varieties of application in medical diagnostics and treatment. It is more reliable and compact, easily combined with other methods. Different methods were proposed for remote sensing image and medical image fusion. The aim of the proposed technique is to present an image fusion technique using Intutionistic fuzzy logic (IFL).Mis – registration is the major issue of IF and the research work found solution for the problem. Image features were filtered and integrated with IFL and compute pixels. The proposed method produced better results compared to the existing methods.
A Stacking Approach to Direct Marketing Response Modeling
Authors: Kangogo Kiprop Ernest , Okeyo George , Muriithi Petronilla
Published: March 2019

In this work, we investigate the viability of the stacked generalization approach in predictive modeling of a direct marketing problem. We compare the performance of individual models created using different classification algorithms, and stacked ensembles of these models. The base algorithms we investigate and use to create stacked models are Neural Networks, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Naïve Bayes and Decision Tree (CART). These algorithms were selected for their popularity and good performance on similar tasks in previous studies. Using a benchmark experiment and statistical tests, we compared five single algorithm classifiers and 26 stacked ensembles of combinations these algorithms on two popular metrics: Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) and lift.  We will demonstrate a significant improvement in the AUC and lift values when the stacked generalization approach is used viz a viz the single-algorithm approach. We conclude that despite its relative obscurity in marketing applications, stacking holds great promise as an ensembling technique for direct marketing problems.
Acceleration of Biological Sequence Alignment Using Residue Number System
Authors: Kehinde Bello Hassan , Alagbe Gbolagade Kazeem
Published: March 2019

Smith-Waterman Algorithms (SWA) is becoming popular among researchers especially in the field of bioinformatics. The algorithm performance is better among other known alignment algorithms because of the high level of accuracy it exhibits. However, the algorithm performance is at low speed due to its computational complexity. Researchers are concerned with this problem and are looking for various ways to address the issue. Different approaches are adopted to improve the speed, such as the use of a systolic array to accelerate the algorithm, use of recursive variable expansion (RVE) method approach; some implemented the algorithm on software and hardware, etc. This paper used Residue Number System (RNS) approach to the algorithm of Smith-Waterman and carried out hardware implementation on Quartus II, 64-Bit version 12.1 (Cyclone II family) VHDL application software.
Deaf Machine Theory
Authors: Hameed Yassir Ali
Published: March 2019

In this paper, the author presents an abstract model of a computable machine that is passive to inputs. The model is conceptually a deaf machine that is basically an automaton that does not have any acceptance state. The Deaf machine may have one or more normal states and can even have infinite states (uncountable normal states). The Machine can not recognize any language either formal informal. The Proposed model is a finite state machine without the accept state and cannot recognize any language.
Comparative Analysis of GSM Quality of Service in Effurun, Warri Delta State, Nigeria Using Petroleum Training Institute as a Case Study
Authors: I. Idim A. , Stanley Idiake Uzairue
Published: March 2019

Quality of service has become the major challenges being faced by telecommunication services users. Service providers (MTN, GLO and AIRTEL) have tried as much as possible to fight the disease that is faced by this sector by minimizing the losses that occurs during transmission from the transmitter to the end users, but signal losses still remain the major challenges in this generation and the generation to come. This is so because losses cannot be eliminated in communication systems and as such noise cannot be eliminated, losses has direct impact on the quality of service. This papers focuses on the signal strength in the selected locations using an application called network monitor to measure the signal strength in the selected locations, how the environments affect the quality of service and thereby drawing a conclusion on the best service provider to use by the occupants of these locations.
The Bitwise Operations in Relation to the Concept of Set
Authors: Yordzhev Krasimir
Published: March 2019

We contemplate this article to help the teachers of programming in his aspiration for giving some appropriate and interesting examples. The work will be especially useful for students-future programmers, and for their lecturers.

Some of the strong sides of these programming languages C/C++ and Java are the possibilities of low-level programming. Some of the means for this possibility are the introduced standard bitwise operations, with the help of which, it is possible directly operate with every bit of an arbitrary variable situated in the computer’s memory.

In the current study, we are going to describe some methodical aspects for work with the bitwise operations and we will discuss the benefit of using bitwise operations in programming. The article shows some advantages of using bitwise operations, realising various operations with sets.
Developing Statistical Machine Translation System for English and Nigerian Languages
Authors: Ikechukwu Ayogu Ignatius , Olusola Adetunmbi Adebayo , Adefowoke Ojokoh Bolanle
Published: March 2019

The global demand for translation and translation tools currently surpasses the capacity of available solutions. Besides, there is no one-solution-fits-all, off-the-shelf solution for all languages. Thus, the need and urgency to increase the scale of research for the development of translation tools and devices continue to grow, especially for languages suffering under the pressure of globalisation. This paper discusses our experiments on translation systems between English and two Nigerian languages: Igbo and Yorùbá. The study is setup to build parallel corpora, train and experiment English-to-Igbo, (), English-to-Yorùbá, () and Igbo-to-Yorùbá, () phrase-based statistical machine translation systems. The systems were trained on parallel corpora that were created for each language pair using text from the religious domain in the course of this research. A BLEU score of 30.04, 29.01 and 18.72 respectively was recorded for the English-to-Igbo, English-to-Yorùbá and Igbo-to-Yorùbá MT systems. An error analysis of the systems’ outputs was conducted using a linguistically motivated MT error analysis approach and it showed that errors occurred mostly at the lexical, grammatical and semantic levels. While the study reveals the potentials of our corpora, it also shows that the size of the corpora is yet an issue that requires further attention. Thus an important target in the immediate future is to increase the quantity and quality of the data.
Computer Based Testing (CBT) System for GST Exams in Adamawa State University, Mubi
Authors: Suleiman Abdulkareem , Nachandiya Nathan
Published: March 2019

The examination is one of the most broadly used strategies for assessing learning and capacity of a student. Adamawa State University is engulfed in a lot of irregularities during examination and also delays of results after the examination. These and another manual method of processing results give room for errors during results compilation. The utilisation of Information and Communication Technology in directing examinations can enhance proficiency and decrease the delay of student's result after examination. A Computer Based Testing System (CBT) was designed and implemented to diminish the delay of student's examination result. The CBTS was designed using the Agile model of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Implementation was done utilising the open source technologies, like XAMPP server, MySQL, PhP, JavaScript, Cascading Style Sheet and Hypertext Markup Language. The CBT presents notice of student's outcome quickly in the wake of taking the examination, enable the student to retake the exam (where necessary), and furthermore give diverse kinds of questions. The utilisation of CBT system can enhance the productivity and gainfulness of scholarly establishments as it diminishes the cost of stationeries and work associated with conducting examination manually. This by implication can reduce the cost of buying examination materials (papers, printers, turners etc) and students can have their results immediately after the examination.  The developed system proved to be efficient and can be enhanced by adding other forms of questions like diagrammatic question to make the test address more diverse areas.