bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Morality of Friendship in Touristic Cuba
Authors: Simoni Valerio
Published: November 2022

This article focuses on friendship and its controversial enactments in touristic Cuba, paying particular attention to its moral implications. It starts by considering how the issues of authenticity, transience and inequality played out and informed the possibilities for friendship between foreign tourists and members of the Cuban population, leading the protagonists involved to formulate their moral assumptions about friendship, outline its main challenges in the tourism context, and envisage possible solutions to those challenges. The second part of the article examines how notions and experiences of friendship were worked over in response to such difficulties, most notably the tension between ‘interest’ and ‘affection’, alternatively leading to the formation of ‘hybrid’ or ‘purified’ versions of friendship. By drawing attention to the moral, idealistic and aspirational qualities of friendship in touristic Cuba, the article contributes to the current anthropological literature on friendship, showing some of its limits as well as possible analytical pathways for the future research.

Keywords: anthropology of friendship, morality, interest, sentiment, aspirations,tourism, Cuba
Friendship as Moral Experience
Authors: Throop C. Jason
Published: November 2022

Building upon some early observations regarding the place of friendship in fieldwork in the writings of George Devereux and Clifford Geertz, the limits and possibilities of a friendship-based approach to ethnography are critically investigated by means of a phenomenology of moral experience. Such an effort brings to light the various ways that friendship may potentiate an ethical orientation to the concrete complex existence of others that resists reductive forms of closure and typification.

Keywords: friendship, morality, experience, phenomenology
DEVELOPMENT OF A VIDEO PROCESSING MODULE FOR THE TASK OF AIR OBJECT RECOGNITION BASED ON THEIR CONTOURS
Authors: Yesilevskyi Valentyn , Koliadin Anton , Sereda Olena
Published: November 2022

The subject of research in the article is the module of automatic segmentation and subtraction of the background, which is created, based on the sequential application of methods of image preprocessing and modified method of interactive segmentation of images and implemented in the system of optical monitoring of the air situation. The aim of the work is to develop an image segmentation module to increase the efficiency of recognition of an air object type on a video image in the system of visual monitoring of the air environment by means of qualitative automatic segmentation. To solve this problem, a modified interactive algorithm in the mode of automatic selection of an object in the image, which allows more accurately, without the participation of the operator, to determine the foreground pixels of the image for further recognition of the type of airborne object. The following tasks are solved in the article: the analysis of existing methods of binarization of color images for semantic segmentation of images, which are used in image recognition systems; the development of a pipeline of methods for automatic segmentation of images in the system of optical monitoring of the air environment. In the work, the following methods are used: methods of digital image processing, methods of filtering and semantic segmentation of images, methods of graph analysis. The following results are obtained: the results of image processing with the proposed module of segmentation and background subtraction confirm the performance of the module procedures. The developed pipeline of methods included in the module demonstrates correct segmentation in 93% of test images in automatic mode without operator participation, which allows us to conclude about the effectiveness of the proposed module. Conclusions: The implementation of the developed module of segmentation and background subtraction for the system of optical monitoring of the air environment allowed to solve the problem of segmentation of video images for further recognition of aerial objects in the system of optical monitoring of the air environment in automatic mode with a high degree of reliability, thus increasing the operational efficiency of this system.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kalangan Remaja Tentang Bank Syariah Melalui Sosialisasi Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Saputri Ajeng
Published: November 2022

Perbankan Syariah merupakan suatu sistem perbankan yang dikembangkan berdasarkan syariah atau hukum islam. Bank Syariah adalah bank yang kegiatan usahanya dilakukan berdasarkan prinsip syariah. Sedangkan prinsip syariah adalah aturan perjanjian berdasarkan hukum Islam” (UU No. 21/2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah). Permasalahan yang ada pada Desa Wates Jaya yaitu kurang pemahaman dan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang Perbankan Syariah sehingga banyak masyarakat yang menjalani praktik riba dan masih ada masyarakat yang menggunakan Bank Ilegal. Tujuan dilakukan kegiatan Sosialisasi yaitu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang Perbankan Syariah, mengurangi masyarakat dalam menggunakan Bank Ilegal dan menjalankan praktik riba. Bentuk pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melalui mendekatkan diri kepada masyarakat dan juga mensosialisasikan tentang Perbankan Syariah dengan menggunakan power point dan papan tulis, guna memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang Perbankan Syariah. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat banyak yang sudah mengerti dan memahami tentang Perbankan Syariah dengan mengaplikasikan kedalam kehidupan sehari-hari dengan mengurang nya penggunaan Bank Ilegal dan juga mengurangnya praktik riba.
Pengolahan Inovasi Kulit Singkong Menjadi Produk Kreatif sebagai Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Kampung Suka’asih Desa Parungkuda
Authors: Fajar Abdul Malik , Kurnia Tuti
Published: November 2022

Sumber Daya Alam yang dihasilkan Desa Parungkuda sangat melimpah, akan tetapi sumber daya alam yang dimiliki Desa Parungkuda belum sepenuhnya dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakatnya, sehingga perlu adanya bimbingan atau pendampingan kepada masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan potensi yang ada. Salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan produk olahan kulit singkong yang dibuat menjadi sebuah keripik dengan harga nilai jual tinggi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan sosialisasi dan pembuatan inovasi produk inovasi singkong. Dalam pengolahan produk inovasi kulit singkong ini penulis membuat The Kingkong yang merupakan makanan cemilan enak dan sehat. Setelah dilaksanakan program ini hasil yang didapatkan adalah  pengembangan produk olahan keripik kulit singkong lebih kreatif dan inovatif serta masyarakat sekitar lebih memahami cara memanfaatkan sebuah potensi yang ada di sekitar.
Penerapan Strategi Karakter Religius Peserta Didik untuk Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Khairani Alfira Nur , Rosyidi Muhib
Published: November 2022

Pendidikan karakter memiliki peran yang penting dalam penanaman akhlak sejak dini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penerapan strategi karakter religius dalam pembelajaran PAI di SDN Cengkareng Timur 18 Pagi. Metode kualitatif deskriptif digunakan dalam melaksanakan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Triangulasi digunakan untuk menguji keabsahan data penelitian. Adapun analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif melalui tahap reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dalam pembelajaran PAI guru berperan sebagai role model bagi siswa dalam memahami dan mempraktekkan nilai-nilai religius dalam keseharian. Strategi penerapan karakter religius dilakukan pula melalui program pembiasaan rutin yakni tadarus Al-Quran, kajian keagamaan di hari jumat, BTQ, 5S, rutin membaca asmaul husna, guna membentuk perilaku siswa yang berkarakter religius. Adapun hambatan yang timbul yakni rendahnya sinergi antara guru dan orang tua mengenai optimalisasi pendidikan karakter religius, serta kendala sarana dan prasarana. Keberhasilan penanaman karakter religius melalui strategi yang diterapkan oleh SDN Cengkareng Timur 18 Pagi perlu didukung baik oleh seluruh warga sekolah maupun wali murid dan sarana yang memadai agar tercapai keberhasilan dalam penanaman karakter religius dalam diri siswa.
Hubungan Keterampilan Pendidik Selama Pembelajaran Daring dengan Hasil Belajar IPA Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Astuti Nelly , Supriyadi  , Frida Destini
Published: November 2022

Masalah penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Metro Pusat yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya keterampilan pendidik mengelola kelas pada pembelajaran daring. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan positif dan signifikan antara keterampilan pendidik mengelola kelas pada pembelajaran daring dengan hasil belajar. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode ex post facto korelasi. Populasi berjumlah 185 orang peserta didik dan sampel berjumlah 66 orang peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, kuesioner, dan studi dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpul data berupa angket dengan skala Likert, yang sebelumnya diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan korelasi product moment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan korelasi sebesar 0,678 berada pada taraf “Kuat” yang yang menunjukkan keterhubungan antara variabel X dan Y pada penelitian ini. Adapun kontribusi variabel X terhadap Y yakni sebesar 45,97%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara keterampilan pendidik mengelola kelas pada pembelajaran daring dengan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik sekolah dasar.
PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN PANGAN DAERAH
Authors: Syaf Hasbullah , Ismawati Ismawati , Resman Resman , Leomo Siti , Corina Rakian Tresjia , Namriah Namriah , Tufaila M , Mahyudi Mahyudi
Published: November 2022

Pertambahan penduduk sejatinya harus juga dibarengi dengan pertambahan jumlah produksi untuk menjaga agar kebutuhan pangan masyarakat tetap terjaga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan maksud untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian lahan serta menentukan alternatif perencanaan penggunaan lahan untuk pengembangan tanaman jagung, ubi kayu dan kacang tanah di Kecamatan Poleang Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei bebas didasarkan pada unit lahan. Prosedur pelaksanaan survei tanah dilaksanakan dalam beberapa tahap meliputi tahap persiapan, tahap operasi lapangan dan tahap analisis sampel di laboratorium. Perencanaan penggunaan lahan dilakukan berdasarkan evaluasi kemampuan lahan dan besarnya bahaya erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan tanaman pangan di Kecamatan Poleang Timur Kabupaten Bombana sesuai untuk dikembangkan khususnya jagung seluas 5271,29 ha (78,04%), ubi kayu seluas 4872,34 ha (72,14%) dan kacang tanah seluas 5020,77 ha (74,33%). Alternatif arahan pengelolaan lahan untuk pengembangan tanaman pangan khususnya jagung, ubi kayu dan kacang tanah di Kecamatan Poleang Timur Kabupaten Bombana dilakukan pada tingkat sedang berupa pemupukan untuk faktor penghambat  ketersediaan hara, penambahan bahan organik dan pengapuran untuk perbaikan faktor penghambat retensi hara, bahaya erosi diatasi dengan usaha konservasi tanah seperti penanaman sesuai kontur, pembuatan teras dan penanaman tanaman penutup tanah, pembuatan saluran irigasi/pengairan untuk penghambat ketersediaan air. Diharapkan dengan adanya penelitian ini mampu memberikan sumbangsih pemikiran dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk pemerintah daerah setempat dalam hal penyusunan kebijakan serta untuk masyarakat dalam usaha pengembangan tanaman pangan.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PERTANIAN DAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI PUPUK KOMPOS RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Masruroh Afifatul , Sofyan Misba Maulana , Eka Kusumawati Dian , Ari Sandi David , Istiqomah
Published: November 2022

Masyarakat Desa Pajangan, Kecamatan Sukodadi, Kabupaten Lamongan merupakan masyarakat dengan mata pencarian mayoritas petani dan wiraswasta. Pengabdian ini membahas mengenai pembuatan kompos dari limbah pertanian dan sampah rumah tangga. Pemanfaatan limbah  ini menjadi salah satu kegiatan yang bermanfaat untuk petani dan ibu rumah tangga dalam memanfaatkan limbah yang ada. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu 1) Untuk mengurangi limbah yang ada di Desa Pajangan 2) Memberi pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai pupuk kompos 3) Memperkenalkan pertanian organik kepada masyarakat. Metode pengabdian terdiri dari sosialisasi dengan petani dan ibu rumah tangga, penyuluhan mengenai pupuk kompos dan pembuatan pupuk kompos dari dapur dan limbah pertanian. Kegiatan ini melibatkan kelompok tani dan ibu rumah tangga Desa Pajangan Kecamatan Sukodadi dan mahasiswa KKN UNISDA.

Kata kunci : kompos, pertanian organik,  limbah pertanian, sampah rumah tangga
Correlation between Fear of Childbirth and Childbirth Self-Efficacy during Labor
Authors: Huang Yue , Zhong Yuehua , Deng Yongfang , Zheng Jie , Zou Huiqin , Chen Qiaozhu
Published: November 2022

Background: The research on fear of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy of pregnant women in China mainly concentrates on the late pregnancy, and there is a lack of research on the psychology of women during labor. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between fear of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy during labor. Methods: 378 pregnant women in labor were selected by convenience sampling. They were investigated using a self-designed questionnaire, the Chinese version of Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire, and the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory. Results: The total score of fear of childbirth during labor was 31.95 ± 9.01, and the total score of childbirth self-efficacy was 212.03 ± 59.64. The total score of fear of childbirth and the score of each dimension were significantly negatively correlated with those of childbirth self-efficacy (R2 = –0.354 to –0.155, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Fear of childbirth during labor should arouse attention of medical staffs. It is necessary to enhance psychological support and childbirth self-efficacy during labor to reduce the fear of childbirth.
Antioxidant Activity of Cyanidin-3-O-Glucoside and Verbascoside in an in Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Anfuso Carmelina Daniela , Giurdanella Giovanni , Longo Anna , Cosentino Alessia , Agafonova Aleksandra , Rusciano Dario , Lupo Gabriella
Published: November 2022

Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation plays a pivotal role in the onset of cell damage induced by hyperglycemia and represents one of the major factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we tested the antioxidants cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and verbascoside (Verb) in the protection of retinal endothelium against glucose toxicity “in vitro”. Methods: Increasing amounts (5–50 μM) of C3G, Verb or the combination of both compounds were tested in Human Retinal Endothelial Cells (HREC) grown with normal glucose (5 mM, NG) or high glucose (25 mM, HG). Results: Reduced cell viability and enhanced ROS levels (evaluated by MTT and H2DCFDA assays, respectively) in HG-stimulated HREC were restored by C3G and Verb in a dose-dependent manner, achieving the maximum protection in the presence of both compounds. Moreover, co-treatment with C3G and Verb worked better than each single molecule alone in the prevention of the disruption of blood-retinal-barrier-like properties by HG in a confluent HREC monolayer, as assessed by trans endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and Na-Fluorescein permeability assays. Accordingly, C3G and Verb together also better counteracted the HG-induced down-regulation of the tight junction membrane proteins Zonula Occludens-1 and VE-Cadherin evaluated by immunocytochemical and Western blot analyses. Conclusions: In conclusion, our data indicate that C3G and Verb could efficiently protect the retinal endothelium against high glucose damage.
A Review of Cardiovascular Complications among Pregnant Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Pruzansky Alix J. , Slade Justin J. , Stephenson Megan , Pursnani Seema
Published: November 2022

Cardiovascular complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are well-described in the general population but remain limited among pregnant patients. This review summarizes data from case reports, case series, and observational studies of cardiovascular manifestations of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant patients and provides recommendations to the cardiovascular clinician regarding management considerations in this vulnerable population. Pregna is an immunocompromised state in which cardiovascular demands are increased. Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 that have been described in pregnancy include myocardial injury, cardiomyopathy, thromboembolism, pre-eclampsia and arrhythmia. Physiologic and cardiovascular changes in pregnancy predispose pregnant patients with COVID-19 to more severe illness than the general population. Black or Hispanic race, obesity, diabetes, hypertension and lung disease are risk factors for more severe infection, maternal death and adverse perinatal outcomes. Pregnant patients with severe COVID-19 disease compared with non-pregnant age-matched women with COVID infection are more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), receive mechanical ventilation and require advanced mechanical circulatory support. Cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 in pregnant patients requires further attention, particularly given the anticipated increase in birth volume and ongoing nature of COVID-19 pandemic with novel variants. Clinicians should have a lower threshold for cardiac testing and multidisciplinary management in pregnant women with severe COVID-19 disease. Given the persistence of COVID-19 within our communities, diagnostic laboratory and imaging testing for high-risk pregnant patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection should be routine. We strongly urge the implementation of a cardio-obstetric multidisciplinary team in individually managing these high-risk patients in an effort to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
PARENTAL MODELS OF BEHAVIOR AS A FACTOR OF VULNERABILITY TO SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Ukrainian Catholic University, Avramchuk Oleksandr , Nizdran Oleksandra ,   Ukrainian Catholic University
Published: November 2022

Individuals characterize a social anxiety disordered by individuals to fear social situations in which they anticipate negative evaluations. The impact of social anxiety, as one of the widespread mental health disorders, characterize by onset at an early age and affecting functioning in various domains of life and general wellbeing. The aim of the article was to conduct a review of scientific data devoted to parental behavior patterns and emotional response to the child in the process of socialization on the pathogenesis of social phobia. It was found that the results of empirical studies considered the pathogenesis of social anxiety and social phobia in the context of neurobiological vulnerability, psychological aspects of attachment, social learning models, and cognitive-behavioral models. The analysis of recent research points out that parental styles, relationship support, and emotional response can be factors of vulnerability to mental pathology and social anxiety disorder. Summing up, three paths of were realizing the influence of parental models of behavior on the development of persistent distress due to social phobia as an independent disorder are distinguished. The first considers the mutual vulnerability of the emotional response to parents' anxiety signals in the relationship with the child, which increases the tendency to behavioral inhibition or avoidance of the child's emotional experience during social interaction. The second path considers social phobia as the result of social learning parental patterns of emotional response and behavior. These links mediated by the child's low self-esteem, avoidant strategies and controlling parenting style as a protective strategy on the part of significant others. The third model considers the impact of social punishment or other socially traumatic experiences in the relationship with parents or the community (as models of parental image). According to such a strategy, a state of hypervigilance to social evaluation and avoiding behavior strategies bring temporary relief against retraumatization due to "punishment." These strategies reinforce dysfunctional cognitive and behavioral patterns that impair social efficacy and strengthen the fear of rejection through condemnation or devaluation in the long term. The obtained results will make it possible to expand the conceptual model of the pathogenesis of social phobia, which will contribute to the provision of psychosocial assistance and substantiate the need for further empirical research.
On abstract Cauchy problems in the frame of a generalized Caputo type derivative
Authors: BOURCHİ Soumıa , JARAD Fahd , ADJABI Yassine , ABDELJAWAD Thabet , MAHARİQ Ibrahim
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we consider a class of abstract Cauchy problems in the framework of a generalized Caputo type fractional. We discuss the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to such a class of fractional differential equations by using properties found in the related fractional calculus, the theory of uniformly continuous semigroups of operators and the fixed point theorem. Moreover, we discuss the continuous dependence on parameters and Ulam stability of the mild solutions. At the end of this paper, we bring forth some examples to endorse the obtained results
PERUBAHAN SOSIAL MODERNISASI DAN GLOBALISASI DI ERA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Wangkanusa Seltia
Published: November 2022

PERUBAHAN SOSIAL MODERNISASI DAN GLOBALISASI DI ERA PENDIDIKAN
Manajemen hutang piutang dalam surat Al-Baqarah 282
Authors: Fadlon Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini berjudul , “Managemen hutang piutang menurut surat Al-Baqoroh ayat 282”. Adapun permasalahan dalam ayat ini adalah masih banyak sekali terjadi kasus-kasus disekeliking kita yang disebabkan oleh perihal hutang piutang yang tidak termanejemen dengan baik (sesuai ketentuan yang telah dijelaskan didalam Al-Qur’an). Adapun tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang bagaimana manajemen hutang piutang berdasarkan penjelasan dari tafsir surat Al-Baqoroh ayat 282 dan mengetahui bagaimana penjelan para ulama tentang manajemen hutang piutang. Penulis ingin menunjukkan bahwa dalam penulisan Manajemen Hutang Piutang menurut surat Al-Baqoroh ayat 282 adalah ingin mendeskripsikan tentang tata cara bertransaksi dengan baik, adil dan transparasi yang dibuktikan dengan peraturan-peraturan transaksi seperti keharusan menulis hutang piutang, kesamaan dalam berbuat adil, keharusan menghadirkan saksi dan yang lain sebagainya yang berkaitan dengan transaksi hutang piutang.
AlKITAB ADALAH FIRMAN ALLAH YANG TIDAK MUNGKIN SALAH DALAM HAL TUJUAN
Authors: Rupa' Calvin Sholla
Published: November 2022

Alkitab adalah buku yang sangat istimewa karena diterjemahkan ke dalam lebih dari seribu bahasa, sehingga karena keistimewaan buku tersebut sehingga banyak yang mempertanyakan apakah Alkitab ini layak disebut sebagai Firman Allah yang tidak salah dalam hal tujuan penulisannya. Banyaknya tulisan-tulisan yang sepertinya bertentangan dalam Alkitab dan data-data yang tidak akurat sehingga banyak yang mengatakan bahwa Alkitab ini penuh dengan kesalahan dan kekeliruan.Alkitab adalah Firman Allah. Walaupun orang-orang lain (nabi, rasul, pemazmur, dll) yang berkata-kata dalam tulisan tersebut, tetapi semuanya itu adalah dari Allah (Allah yang punya gagasan). Yesus sendiri menjamin kalau kebenaran dalam Alkitab dan bahwa Alkitab itu adalah diilhamkan oleh Allah. Perbedaan-perbedaan redaksi penulisan dalam dalam alkitab bukan sebagai bukti kekeliruan atau kesalahan dari Alkitab. Ada beberapa hal sehingga tulisan-tulisan dalam Alkitab berbeda antara tulisan yang satu dengan tulisan yang lain, yaitu: sisi penulis, di mana penulis Alkitab melihat kepada suatu permasalahan dari masing-masing sudut pandang, dan juga karena Penulisan Alkitab lebih mengutamakan Tujuan bukan pada keakuratan data yang disampaikan.
A Sentinel-2 based multi-temporal monitoring framework for wind and bark beetle detection and damage mapping
Authors: Candotti Anna , De Giglio Michaela , Dubbini Marco , Tomelleri Enrico
Published: November 2022

The occurrence of extreme windstorms and increasing heat and drought events induced by climate change leads to coniferous forests showing severe damage and stress and making trees more vulnerable to spruce bark beetle infestations. The combination of abiotic and biotic disturbances in forests can cause drastic environmental and economic losses. The first step for containing such damage is the establishment of a monitoring framework for early detection of vulnerable plots and distinguishing the cause of forest damage at the scale from management unit to region. For developing and evaluating the functionality of such a monitoring framework, we first selected an area of interest affected by wind throw damages and bark beetles at the border between Italy and Austria in the Friulian Dolomites, Carnic and Julian Alps and the Carinthian Gailtal. Secondly, we implemented a framework for time-series analysis with open access Sentinel-2 data over four years (2017-2020) by quantifying single band sensitivity to disturbances. Additionally, we enhanced the framework by deploying vegetation indices, for monitoring spectral changes and performing supervised image classifications for change detection. A mean overall accuracy of 89% was achieved, thus Sentinel-2 imagery proved to be suitable for distinguishing stressed stands, bark beetle attacked canopies and wind fell patches. The advantages of our methodology are its global, large-scale and “FAIR” principles compliant applicability to monitor forest health, forest cover change and its usability to support the development of forest management strategies for dealing with massive bark beetle outbreaks.
Modulation of mind wandering using transcranial direct current stimulation – a meta-analysis based on electric field modeling
Authors: Nawani Hema , Mittner Matthias , Csifcsak Gabor
Published: November 2022

Mind wandering (MW) is a heterogeneous construct involving task-unrelated thoughts. Recently, the interest in modulating MW propensity via non-invasive brain stimulation techniques has increased. Single-session transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in healthy controls has led to mixed results in modulating MW propensity, possibly due to methodological heterogeneity. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a systematic meta-analysis to examine the influence of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) and right inferior parietal lobule (rIPL) targeted tDCS on MW propensity. Importantly, by computational modeling of tDCS-induced electric fields, we accounted for differences in tDCS-dose across studies that varied strongly in their applied methodology.Fifteen single-session, sham-controlled tDCS studies published until October 2021 were included. All studies involved healthy adult participants and used cognitive tasks combined with MW thought-probes. Heterogeneity in tDCS electrode placement, stimulation polarity and intensity were controlled for by means of electric field simulations, while overall methodological quality was assessed via an extended risk of bias (RoB) assessment.We found that RoB was the strongest predictor of study outcomes. Moreover, the rIPL was the most promising cortical area for influencing MW, with stronger anodal electric fields in this region being negatively associated with MW propensity. Electric field strength in the lDLPFC was not related to MW propensity. We identified several severe methodological problems that could have contributed to overestimated effect sizes in this literature, an issue that needs urgent attention in future research in this area. Overall, the evidence for tDCS influencing MW in the healthy is not very convincing. Based on our findings, research aiming for reducing MW propensity should focus on increasing neural excitability in the rIPL. In addition, stimulating medial and frontopolar prefrontal regions (rather than the lDLPFC) should also be explored more systematically.
An Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Application of the Society of Clinical Psychology Criteria for Empirically Supported Treatments
Authors: Boness Cassandra L. , Votaw Victoria , Schwebel Frank J , Moniz-Lewis David I.K. , McHugh R. Kathryn , Witkiewitz Katie
Published: November 2022

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a commonly used treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) but has not been evaluated using the American Psychological Association’s “Tolin Criteria” for determining the empirical basis of psychological treatments. The current systematic review evaluated five meta-analyses of CBT for SUD. One meta-analysis had sufficient quality to be considered in the evaluation of effect sizes. CBT produced small to moderate effects on substance use when compared to inactive treatment and was most effective at early follow-up (1-6 months post-treatment) compared to late follow-up (8+ months post-treatment). Sensitivity analyses including all five meta-analyses found similar results. A “strong recommendation” was provided for CBT as an empirically supported treatment for SUD, based on effects on substance use, quality of evidence, and consideration of contextual factors (e.g., efficacy in diverse populations).
A scoping review of mHealth technologies for opioid overdose prevention, detection, and response.
Authors: Tas Basak , Lawn Will , Traykova Elena V , Evans Rebecca A S , Murvai Barbara , Walker Hollie , Stang John
Published: November 2022

Issues: Opioid overdose kills over 100,000 people each year globally. Mobile health (mHealth) technologies and devices with the capacity to prevent, detect or respond to opioid overdose already exist or could be designed. These technologies may particularly help those who use alone. For technologies to be successful, they must be effective and acceptable to the at-risk population. The aim of this scoping review is to identify published studies on mHealth and wearable technologies that attempt to prevent, detect or respond to opioid overdose.Approach: A systematic scoping review and hand-searching of literature was conducted up to October 2022. APA PsychInfo, Embase, Web of Science and Medline databases were searched. To be included, articles had to report on (i) mHealth technologies that deal with (ii) opioid (iii) overdose.Key Findings: 348 records were identified, with 14 studies eligible for this review across four domains: 1) acceptability/willingness to use overdose-related technologies/devices (five); 2) devices that use biometric data to detect overdose (five); 3) technologies that require intervention/response from others (four); 4) devices that automatically respond to an overdose with administration of an antidote (three).Implications: There are multiple routes in which these technologies may be deployed, but several factors impact acceptability (e.g. discretion or size) and accuracy of detection (e.g. sensitive parameter/threshold with low false positive rate). Conclusion: mHealth technologies for opioid overdose may play a crucial role in responding to the ongoing global opioid crises. This scoping review identifies vital research that will determine the future success of these technologies.
''Labour Law Reforms and Women's Work in India: Assessing the New Labour Codes from a Gender Lens''
Authors: Trust Institute of Social Studies , Chigateri Shraddha
Published: November 2022

In recent years, India has seen a wide-ranging retrenchment of hard-won labour rights with serious consequences for working communities in general, and for the rights of women workers. This has only been exacerbated by the global pandemic, which as elsewhere, has exposed and deepened the fault-lines and the structural inequalities that inhere in Indian society. While the country was already witnessing a serious crisis of unemployment prior to the pandemic, the pandemic and the government’s response in the form of a brutal and stringent lockdown that was enforced on 1.3 billion people with 4 hours of notice on 24 March 2020 has had devastating consequences particularly for those in already precarious contexts (Ghosh 2020). This was perhaps emblematically captured in the early days of the pandemic by the heart-wrenching scenes of thousands of migrants, having lost their places of residence and means of livelihood walking for hundreds of miles to reach home with no government support (Biswas 2020; Menon 2020).Studies have already begun to uncover the scale of the loss in jobs, livelihoods, incomes and increase in the levels of hunger and indebtedness since the period of the pandemic, especially for marginalised communities, including for women generally, and women from marginalised communities in particular (Lahoti et al. 2020). A recent survey by ActionAid India found that 78 percent of all informal workers surveyed – both male and female – lost their livelihoods during the lockdown, and for some sectors of feminised employment, the loss in employment was much higher – for instance, 85 percent of women domestic workers surveyed lost their livelihoods (Sapkal et al. 2020). Further, the period of the lockdown saw an increase in women’s unpaid care work burdens, with a survey conducted in Delhi by the Institute of Social Studies Trust indicating that 66 percent of informal women workers from sectors such as home based work, domestic work, street vending, etc. experiencedan increase in household domestic chores during the height of the lockdown
Effect of Live Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Feeding on Milk Composition and Gross Profit Margin of Crossbred Dairy Cattle at Khumaltar, Nepal
Authors: Acharya B. , Dhital B. , Paudel T. P. , Sah A. K. , Kaphle K.
Published: November 2022

This study was carried out to assess the effect of live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NutrifermTM) inclusion in feed and its effects on milk composition and gross profit-margin from crossbred dairy cattle at Khumaltar, condition. An Experiment was carried out at National Cattle Research Program station of Nepal Agriculture Research Council (NARC), Khumaltar, Lalitpur of Nepal for 28 days from 19 March 2015 to 15 April 2015. Twenty crossbred cattle were selected randomly and divided into five treatment groups with each, group having four cows arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Five type of ration was composed to experimental animals; T1 : 0.5kg/MT, T2: 1 kg/MT, T3: 1.5 kg/MT, T4 : 2 kg/MT and T5 as control. Milk samples were collected during milking and Lactoscan auto analyzer was used to measure fat, solid not fat (SNF), lactose, protein along with the volume for four weeks’ experimental period. Data was analyzed using Split plot ANOVA method. Mean fat percentage between treatments was found non-significant but there was significant difference (P<0.05) in mean fat percentage across different time periodS in day 1st and 28th day being statistically significant. In this experiment, changes SNF, protein, and lactose in milk were found to be non-significant. Gross profit-margin of the milk production was done with the market price of raw milk and it was found to be significant (P<0.05) for 1st and 28th days of experiment. Supplementation of liveyeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NutrifermTM) @ 2 kg/ 1000 kg feed with standard feeding diet enhanced the milk production, improved fat content in milk and generate profit margin.
Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Growth and Yield of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)]
Authors: Thakur S. , Cahuhan R. P. , Singh O.P.
Published: November 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Bhauratar in Bahudarmai Municipality of Parsa district of Nepal during spring-summer season started from February to May 2018 to assess the effectiveness of different organic and inorganic mulches in modulating the soil environment, growth, performance and yield of okra. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments as follows: (1) Control, (2) Black plastic mulch, (3) Rice straw, (4) Saw dust and (5) Transparent White plastic mulch. Each treatment was replicated four times. Seed germination was significantly differed with the type of mulching material used. The highest seed germination percentage (82.00) was recorded from white plastic mulch plot and the lowest germination percentage (63.75) was recorded from control plot. The highest plant height was recorded from white plastic mulch at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAS than that of other treatments. The highest number of picking (15.5) was recorded from black plastic mulch followed by white plastic mulch (14.25). The maximum fruit length (12.18 cm) was obtained from black plastic mulch and lowest (10.84 cm) was recorded from rice straw mulch. The highest productivity (29.86 Mt/ha) was recorded from black plastic mulch followed by white plastic mulch (25.03 Mt/ha). These findings suggest that plastic mulch causes positive effects on the growth and yield of Okra and maximum yield was obtained from black plastic mulch.
Review on the Association of Birth Weight of Crossbred Calf for Dystocia
Authors: Sharma S. P. , Sapkota S. , Kolachhapati M. R. , Gorkhali N. A. , Bhattarai N. , Upadhayay S.
Published: November 2022

Nepalese policy makers and farmers are fascinated by exotic breeds of livestock species. It is in this pursuit that we have been spending billions to import livestock from different countries. Initially the plan and policies were to select indigenous animals and have them upgraded through cross breeding to improve milk production trait. With time the special idea to scan and select best performing indigenous animals from around the country got sidelined and competition to import pure exotic breeds began. Many issues, most importantly failing to provide standard husbandry, lack of multi utility of male calves have dampened the momentum. Alongside, for breeding involving big exotic sires like Holstein Frisian, Brown Swiss and Jersey with our nondescript dam is potential to dystocia because of relatively large birth weight of crossbred calf. Around 60% of dystocia are of fetal causes and birth weight is one major cause here in Nepal. Dystocia is associated with reduction in milk yield, poor cow fertility, poor health and pre-weaning mortality up to 50 percent. Crossbreed birth weight and dystocia are highly correlated. High occurrence of dystocia was reported with Holstein Frisian sire followed by Brown Swiss and Jersey when these sires were mated with nondescript dams. Proportionate and compatible selection of both sire and dam is important to avoid dystocia. Expected Progeny Differences (EPD) values for birth weight and calving ease would be a key for sire selection.
Educación a distancia y mujeres: un aporte para el posicionamiento social
Authors: MORA BOTINA Adriana Milena , URIBE SALINAS Jhony Esteban
Published: November 2022

Este artículo realiza un recorrido por el Modelo Pedagógico de la Fundación Universitaria Claretiana (Uniclaretiana), con presencia en la República de Colombia, con el objetivo de reflexionar sobre la incidencia de la educación a distancia en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida de las estudiantes mujeres que hacen parte de Uniclaretiana. Para el alcance de este objetivo, se define el Constructivismo social como modelo pedagógico institucional y se contrasta con la distribución poblacional de la universidad, primordialmente la mujer y la configuración de su rol social desde el informe denominado Aprendizajes para toda la vida del año 2021, que facilita identificar el aporte de la equidad en la formación de los individuos y el desarrollo de la mujer en el contexto actual. Todo esto, por medio de una investigación cualitativa de corte hermenéutico que profundiza en la realidad y las definiciones teóricas del modelo pedagógico, con la vivencia de este dentro de los procesos formativos de la universidad y que finalmente, permite que se logre establecer que la educación a distancia es un modo de alcance de equidad social para la mujer, en cuanto a que la oportunidad de formación y de apertura social, se ligan en el proceso en que las instituciones de educación, en este caso la Uniclaretiana, brinden modalidades capaces de servir como puente entre las vivencias particulares de la persona y su devenir social.
La Inserción de las Mujeres al Trabajo Remunerado de la Industria Bonetera en Puebla, Siglos XIX y XX
Authors: MUÑOZ ASSEFF Denisse
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer las condiciones históricas, sociales y culturales de la inserción laboral femenina en la industria bonetera o de géneros de punto, durante el siglo XIX y XX en Puebla; esto a partir de la consulta de fuentes de archivo y bibliográficas, de acuerdo con la época de estudio, que nos permiten analizar cómo fue que la industria de la bonetería en la ciudad de Puebla se convirtió en un referente para el trabajo feminizado, incorporando a la mujer al empleo remunerado. La industria de la bonetería significó espacio para la incorporación de la mujer a la vida laboral en esta época; se puede concluir que, a través de la historia, las mujeres ocuparon un lugar importante en diversos oficios y actividades laborales como lo fue la industria de géneros de punto.
In Silico Analysis of Antioxidant Phytochemicals with Potential NADPH Oxidase Inhibitory Effect
Authors: Mhya Daniel Hassan , Jakwa Abdullahi Garba , Agbo John
Published: November 2022

Objective: NADPH oxidase (NOX) is known to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) at physiological concentrations. However, it can be over-activated with some disease conditions and produces excess ROS. Several molecules have shown an ability to suppress the enzyme’s over-activity, although some weaknesses have been found. Hence, the attempt to screen phytochemicals, with the aim of finding the most specific and effective NOX inhibitor. Material and Methods: The study was carried-out via an in-silico approach. First, phytochemicals with antioxidant activity, according to the literature review, were selected and downloaded from the PubChem database in SDF files. NOX with PDB: 2CDU was downloaded from the protein databank. Drug-likeness properties and biological activities were predicted using ADMETMESH and the Predict Activity Spectra of Substances (PASS) software. Phytochemical-NOX interactions were performed via molecular docking, whereas, docked conformations and bond residue amino acids were analyzed using Protein-plus software. Results: The result of this study predicted 13 phytochemicals with drug-likeness properties, out of which 9 showed NOX-inhibitory activity. Docking results predicted all of the 9 phytochemicals were capable of interacting with NOX, by binding to at least one amino acid. The reference inhibitor (Apocynin, -8.3 kcal/mol) and some phytochemicals (caffeic, eriodictyol, hesperetin, and morin with ΔG -6.1 to -7.7 kcal/mol) were predicted to have bonded to Ser115, via hydrogen bonding. On the other hand, epicatechin gallate and quercetin with ΔG −8.7 and −8.1 kcal/mol did not bind to Ser115, but rather through other amino acids. Conclusion: This study has led to the prediction of phytochemicals with NOX-inhibitory effects, which could be considered for further study.
Characterization of patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus using natural language processing within an electronic healthcare record system
Authors: Funnell Jonathan P. , Noor Kawsar , Khan Danyal Z. , D’Antona Linda , Dobson Richard J. B. , Hanrahan John G. , Hepworth Christopher , Moncur Eleanor M. , Thomas Benjamin M. , Thorne Lewis , Watkins Laurence D. , Williams Simon C. , Wong Wai Keong , Toma Ahmed K. , Marcus Hani J.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is an underdiagnosed, progressive, and disabling condition. Early treatment is associated with better outcomes and improved quality of life. In this paper, the authors aimed to identify features associated with patients with iNPH using natural language processing (NLP) to characterize this cohort, with the intention to later target the development of artificial intelligence–driven tools for early detection.

METHODS

The electronic health records of patients with shunt-responsive iNPH were retrospectively reviewed using an NLP algorithm. Participants were selected from a prospectively maintained single-center database of patients undergoing CSF diversion for probable iNPH (March 2008–July 2020).

Analysis was conducted on preoperative health records including clinic letters, referrals, and radiology reports accessed through CogStack. Clinical features were extracted from these records as SNOMED CT (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms) concepts using a named entity recognition machine learning model.

In the first phase, a base model was generated using unsupervised training on 1 million electronic health records and supervised training with 500 double-annotated documents. The model was fine-tuned to improve accuracy using 300 records from patients with iNPH double annotated by two blinded assessors. Thematic analysis of the concepts identified by the machine learning algorithm was performed, and the frequency and timing of terms were analyzed to describe this patient group.

RESULTS

In total, 293 eligible patients responsive to CSF diversion were identified. The median age at CSF diversion was 75 years, with a male predominance (69% male). The algorithm performed with a high degree of precision and recall (F1 score 0.92).

Thematic analysis revealed the most frequently documented symptoms related to mobility, cognitive impairment, and falls or balance. The most frequent comorbidities were related to cardiovascular and hematological problems.

CONCLUSIONS

This model demonstrates accurate, automated recognition of iNPH features from medical records. Opportunities for translation include detecting patients with undiagnosed iNPH from primary care records, with the aim to ultimately improve outcomes for these patients through artificial intelligence–driven early detection of iNPH and prompt treatment.
Middle meningeal artery embolization for treatment of chronic subdural hematomas: does selection of embolized branches affect outcomes?
Authors: Khorasanizadeh MirHojjat , Shutran Max , Garcia Alfonso , Enriquez-Marulanda Alejandro , Moore Justin , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Thomas Ajith J.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE

Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization (MMAE) is a new therapeutic modality for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). There is limited evidence comparing various MMAE procedural techniques, resulting in significant variations in technique and procedural planning. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes of MMAE by the number and location of MMA branches that were embolized.

METHODS

A single-center retrospective study of patients with cSDH treated by MMAE was conducted. Clinical outcomes, need for re-intervention, and changes in hematoma size were compared between different MMAE techniques.

RESULTS

Ninety-four cSDHs in 78 patients were included. Embolization of the proximal trunk only, distal branches only, or proximal trunk plus distal branches resulted in similar rates of need for rescue surgery (7.4%, 13.0%, and 6.8%, respectively; p = 0.66) and rates of reducing the volume of the hematoma by at least 50% (74.1%, 80.0%, and 77.5%, respectively; p = 0.88). Embolization of only one branch had similar outcomes to embolization of more than one branch, as rescue surgery rates were 9.3% and 7.8% (p = 0.80), and rates ≥ 50% volume reduction were 75.6% and 78.3% (p = 0.76), respectively. Selective embolization of the dominant MMA branch was not associated with significantly different outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

Outcomes of distal, proximal, or combined proximal and distal MMAE in cSDH are not significantly different. Embolization of more than one branch is not associated with improved treatment efficacy. Arguably, targeting any location in the MMA provides sufficient flow restriction to enable spontaneous hematoma resolution. Accordingly, a technical planning algorithm for cSDH MMAE is suggested.