bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biological Control of Gastrointestinal Helminthes of Livestock
Authors: BOYLU Dilşan , ONDER Hasan
Published: December 2019

Gastrointestinal helminths cause considerable production loss in ruminants globally and constraint to optimum livestock production. Extensively managed animals often host gastrointestinal parasites. Guidelines for sustainable control of parasites in sheep (SCOPS) have been produced in the UK which include recommendations for treatments to ewes. Traditionally control has been achieved through the application of broad spectrum anthelmintic; however, resistance is the major issue. In terms of parasitic nematodes in sheep, widespread resistance has been identified to the three available broad-spectrum anthelmintic classes with reports of increasing multi-class resistance was reported. Anthelmintic treatments can reach up to eight for lamb finishing. Resistance to anthelmintic can be reached to 88%. The trend towards nonchemical parasite control methods (ecological, organic, green) farming of livestock. Biological control of nematode parasites of livestock is the rising issue of animal science. In this study, biological control of nematode parasites of livestock has been reviewed.
Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Lianas
Authors: DOĞAN Ahmet , YALÇIN Erkan
Published: December 2019

Bu çalışmada liyanların biyolojik ve ekolojik özellikleri, ekosistem seviyesindeki fonksiyonları açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Liyanlar hayatlarının her döneminde toprağa bağlı olan odunsu tırmanıcılar olup, tropik ormanlar başta olmak üzere geniş bir yayılış alanına sahiptirler. Son 30 yıldır liyanların orman fonksiyon ve dinamiklerine etkileri, yerel halk tarafından geniş kullanım alanları, orman yönetiminde liyanlarla mücadele üzerine yapılan araştırmalar artarak devam etmektedir.
Spatial and Temporal Variation in Feeding Habits Squalius cephalus Living in Suat Uğurlu and Hasan Uğurlu Dam Lakes
Authors: ÖLMEZ Ayşe , AKIN Şenol
Published: December 2019

In this study, spatial and temporal feeding habits of Squalius cephalus (L., 1758) sampled in the Suat and Hasan Uğurlu Dam Lakes and the river areas above and below the dams was investigated by stomach contents analysis. For that purpose, the sampling was performed at 4 different stations: The first station, the Dam Exit (DEX) river areas; the second, Suat Uğurlu Dam Lake (SUDL); the third, Hasan Uğurlu Dam Lake (HUDL) and the fourth, the Dam Entrance (DEN). A total of 332 individuals of Squalius cephalus were sampled during the four seasons. Empty stomach ratio was 54.41%. Accordingly, the highest number of empty stomach was observed in autumn (for 60 individuals). According to stomach contents analysis, a total of 37 different prey species belonging to 6 main groups were identified. Of the identified prey species, insects group was the most preferred feed source (39.5%), followed by Chlorophyta (12.48%), Bacillorophyta (9.93%), aquatic plants (8.04%), detritus (5.57%) and Crustaceae (1.27%), respectively. The dominant food item in spring were Bacillariopyhta (3.49 ml), Chlorophyta (4.52 ml) and insects (14.44 ml) while Chlorophyta (1.93 ml), insects (1.38 ml) and detritus (1.41 ml) in summer. It was determined that insects and aquatic plants predominated stomach of S. cephalus in autumn, whereas they mostly fed on insects and preferred plant originated Bacillariohyta group in winter. Dams caused changes in the number of fish and food sources along the river. S. cephalus fed on insects, Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta in DEX and SUDL; detritus, insects, Bacillariophyta in HUDL and aquatic plants, Bacillariophyta in DEN. In conclusion, it was observed that S. cephalus preferred both animal and plant materials during four seasons. More S. cephalus were captured in the river areas at the outlet of the dams and the variety of food sources consumed has been characterized more in their SUDL and HUDL.
Efektivitas Metode Kantong Plastik dalam Pencegahan Hipotermi pada BBLR di Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Pranoto Heni Hirawati , Windayanti Hapsari
Published: December 2019

Bayi berat lahir rendah sangat rentan mengalami berbagai masalah seperti gangguan metabolik meliputi hipotermia, hipoglikemia dan hiperglikemia. Hipotermia menyebabkan terjadinya penyempitan pembuluh darah, yang mengakibatkan terjadinya metabolik anerobik, meningkatkan kebutuhan oksigen, mengakibatkan hipoksemia dan berlanjut dengan kematian. Salah satu metode yang dapat dikembangkan adalah penggunaan kantong plastik polyethylene oklusif yang digunakan segera setelah lahir.Penelitian ini pendekatan quasy eksperiment dengan pre-post test  with control group design. Populasi adalah seluruh BBLR di Kabupaten Semarang, subyek adalah BBLR di RSUD Ambarawa dan RSUD Ungaran pada Bulan Juli sampai Desember 2017. Jumlah sampel yang diteliti adalah 28 BBLR, 11 BBLR dilakukan metode kantong plastik  dan 17 BBLR sebagai kelompok kontrol Hasil uji wilcoxon (α = 0,05) diperoleh p value sebesar 0,003, berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara suhu BBLR sebelum dan setelah dilakukan metode kantong plastik. Hasil uji paired t test (α=0,05), diperoleh p value 0,106, berarti bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara suhu BBLR segera setelah lahir dibandingkan suhu setelah dilakukan rujukan tanpa kantong plastik. Hasil uji Mann Whitney ( α=0,05) diperoleh hasil p value : 0,001, berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan peningkatan suhu pada BBLR yang diberikan metode kantong plastik dengan yang tidak diberikan kantong plastik.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan peningkatan suhu pada BBLR yang diberikan metode kantong plastik dengan yang tidak diberikan kantong plastik. Pemberian kantong plastik pada BBLR terbukti  mengurangi kehilangan panas karena penguapan dan kemungkinan radiasi tidak dapat melewati penghalang plastik sehingga dapat meningkatkan suhu bayi.
مقارنة بين نوعين من الحشوات المستخدمة وتأثيرها على أداء وحدة التبريد الصحراوي
Authors: أحمد يوسف حنون  العضاض  , سيف أحمد روضان  , علي محمد علي
Published: December 2019

The study was done in Baghdad capital to evaluate  the effect of using two different types of pads at three times in a day (10 a.m, 12 a.m and 14 p.m) in July on cooling efficiency and indoor relative humidity. Jujube-Tree wood pad showed superiority ,as compare, to Date Palm leaves pad .Indoor relative humidity for Jujube-tree wood pad was 78% and cooling efficiency was 87% .Indoor relative humidity for Date Palms leaves was 61.76% and cooling efficiency was 73.9%.The random complete block design (RCBD) was used in the statistical analysis of obtained data ,which were based on the observations of three replications and two factors .
تقدير المحتوى البروتيني في بذور نبات الكتان Linum Usitatissimum والنباتات الناتجة من الزراعة النسيجية
Authors: زينة يحيى قاسم
Published: December 2019

Callus induction from different explant in Linum usitatissimum in MS medium Provided by variable concentration of growth regulators, cotyledons and hypocotyls have show high response to form callus in MS that contains (BA, NAA) with (1.0) mg/liter concentration for each one. It was same for MS that contains (Kin, 2,4-D) with (2.0) and (1.0) mg/liter respectively. The result of Protein estimate in seeds, explants and callus showed that the rate of Protein in seeds about (0.30) mg/g, and in explant the high rate of Protein in Leaf about (0.50) mg/g, followed by hypocotyls about (0.45) mg/g while in Root was about (0.10) mg/g. In callus the high Protein rate in Leaf callus about (0.35) mg/g then in hypocotyls about (0.30) mg/g and the minimum rate showed in root callus about (0.10) mg/g.
استخدام البكتريا والفطريات في تحلل الهيدروكاربونات النفطية
Authors: أمل علي حسين
Published: December 2019

In this work eighteen strains, have been isolated and been used to degredate the diesel oil. It have been found that only fourteen of them, three kinds of bacteria refers to species and eleven kinds of fungi have the efficiency to degredate the petroleum hydrocarbons when added to mineral salt agar medium. It is also found that , bacteria Acinetobacter more efficient when inoculate the liquid mineral salts medium, while Penicillium has more efficiency than other kinds of fungi strains. In general , it is found that bacteria is better than fungi to degradate petroleum hydrocarbons
المنتج الصناعي المبتكر وانعكاساته على المجتمع
Authors: م.م زياد حاتم حربي العامري  , أ.م.د. بدريا محمد حسن فرج
Published: December 2019

The development of any civilization must be accompanied, by the creative, and creative creativity of the society of that civilization, and the lack of availability leads to stagnation and collapse and the disappearance and thus disappear, and this is enhanced by the development of innovative creative abilities and creators of creativity that give originality to the heritage, and civilization of each nation, and refers to innovative activities that initiate Through which the individual is able to create products that are new, and have the potential to serve the daily requirements and needs of humanity. In order to create a new product, the innovator must verify that his or her innovation is accepted in the innovative environment of the product. The current research aims to determine the effectiveness of the innovative industrial products and their impact on society.
The main findings of the research were:

The process of acquiring new experiences in how to deal with smart products is specific to the user. He has achieved a change in the user behavior by turning his performance into less actions and movements and using more interactivity because of integrating more than one function into a single device with a variety of technologies High efficiency and performance.
Innovation has made a remarkable change in social life, which has led to the desired balance and stability, and in its general sense includes structural transformations, ie changes in all types of social relations and their parties.
الصياغات الشكلية التجريدية في تصاميم الالبسة الجاهزة دراسة مقارنة
Authors: مها غازي توفيق
Published: December 2019

Cloth and dress designing consider as essential part in the culture of modern times they are considered as an expression way of identity , that accomplished by finding new ways suit mind structure and traditional rules away from conventional or classic rules through expressing according to good relationships in an invented system gives the designer personality ,so as a result , it is necessary that the designer put in his mind the importance of forming out lines is in outcome of much mentality power and performances that gives not common to accomplish new reactions which are realistic and accurate that can be realized through techniqual expression ways concerning emerging in a material way .From here the subject of the research comes that is
forming abstract shapes in clothes design ( comparative method ) , problems as follows :What are the forming abstract shapes that is employed in made clothes in markets : The research aims at to identity the forming shapes in made clothes. The research pointed out objectively studying the forming abstract shapes in made clothes designs female t .Shirt that is available in Baghdad local market .The research also specifies  time from 2015 to 2016 the method or  studying contains from chapters , the first one deals with the problem , importance , goals and limits of the research and then specifying idioms .The second chapter contains three topics : The first one deals with opinion approach and the reflection on cloth design represented in ( the style ) and ( superematism )and the pioneers of abstract and there in flounces on cloth design Kandinsky and Mondrian .The second topic includes forming abstract shapes in cloth dress and dealing with stenograph condensation , deletion and addition and also relations in cloth designing .The third topic contains the Islamic forming abstract shapes , in the cloth design such as stenograph from modification in the design units, deletion and addition then drive indications comes out of theoretic field that the researcher depend on to repair analyzing from their previous studies .The third chapter deals with the research procedures and research approach it is the descriptive comparative analyzing approach .(6 ) samples and tools analyze from plots, they are in addition to analyzing samples and discussing them depending on plots of the forms between the two Turkish and Chinese society .The forth chapter contains the result of analyzing forms of Chinese and Turkish and then came out to recommendation an suggestions
Preparation of Au-Ag composite Nanoparticles by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Water for controlling of AIP enzyme Activity in human blood
Authors: Dr. Abdulrahman K. Ali  , Dr. Raad A. Khamis  , Rasha B. Rashid
Published: December 2019

تم الحصول على محاليل مائيه غرويه عالقه لمتراكبات الفضة والذهب النانوية بأستخدام طريقة التبخر الانفجاري لقطع معدنية فائقة النقاوة من الذهب والفضة المغموره في ماء لاأيوني ثنائي التقطير وبأستخدام طولين موجيين 1064nm,532nmمن ليزر الياك النبضي بطاقة 100-900mj)). طيف الامتصاص لرنين البلازموني تم الحصول علية بأستخدام مطياف الاشعة المرئية-فوق البنفسجية دعمت النتائج باستخدام تقنية الاشعة السينية والمجهر الالكتروني النافذ. اظهرت اطياف الامتصاص الاشعة المرئية-فوق البنفسجية قمة حادة لكل معدن (400nm)للفضة (525nm) للذهب واظهرت الفحوصات تولد جسيمات نانوية تراوحت قياسها من (5-45nm) للفضة و(8-55nm)للذهب و(10-170nm)للمتراكب فضة- ذهب وبشكل عام بينت الفحوصات بأن الجسيمات النانوية اخذت الشكل الكروي وهيئة بلورية تدعى المكعب مركزي الوجة  يعرف ب .(fcc).
ان هذا العمل يمثل دراسة تأثير عدد نبضات الليزرعلى خواص سبائك الذهب والفضة النانوية وكذلك دراسة التأثير البايولوجي لهذه السبائك على فعالية انزيم الالكالاين فوسفاتيزفي دم الانسان.
الموروث الشعبي في روايات بدرية البشر (هند والعسكر ، غراميات شارع الأعشى أنموذجاً)
Authors: أ.م.د. سهاد ساعد صاحب
Published: December 2019

Des igned this study to give aglance in herited the popular language and scientifically, and dis clos ure of in her ited the popular, the twentied century in the Arab society in particular the Saudi society , thro ugh by the novels, ( Hind and Al- Askar) and ( Love songs street Al-Ausha ) As presented social custorms positive and negative in the community .
 
Abstract
I went out this, the study the results of the most important.

Touk up the author sandi society material novel , Moved the habits positive and negative , and adopted the author the language of dialogue adequacy of personal, with des cription for places the peoples' , In addition to the accuracy of choice names .
تقويم كتاب الرياضيات للصف الاول المتوسط من وجهة نظر مدرسي ومشرفي الرياضيات
Authors: أ.م. كمال اسماعيل غفور
Published: December 2019

The following study was conducted in Iraq , purposefully it aimed at evaluating the book of "mathematics" for the first grade intermediate schools/ first edition 2016, from the point of view of the teachers and supervisors concerning (the language of the book, content, examples of the book, style and presentation, calendar). The researcher used the descriptive method and chose a sample of teachers who study this book for the first grade in the intermediate and secondary schools in the district of  Baquba, respectively as (42) teachers divided as (13) male teachers, and (29) female teachers in addition, (6) male supervisors and (4) female supervisors in the district of Baquba. The researcher conducted the questionnaire as a tool for his research. The questionnaire was built on the basis of previous studies and scientific literature. Depending on the researcher previous experience in teaching the book the researcher has found a tool which has been validated by a group of jury members and specialists in teaching methods and methods. Also, the study stability was examined through the re-test method, Pearson correlation coefficient . After applying the questionnaire to the study samples and analyzing the data using the appropriate statistical means, the researcher reached the following results :                                                                         
 1 – There is no clarification of the topics of the book as the topic begins with solving the examples, but some definitions that do not meet the purpose .                                                       
2 – There is an accumulation of geometric concepts in the book, which affects the students' comprehension and delays learning.                                                                                        
 3 – The content of the book is at the advanced level in comparison with the first grade intermediate students thinking level.                                                                                               
The researcher recommended the following :                              
   1 – making some amendments to the topics of the book and add a broader explanation of concepts before solving the examples .                                                                                     
2 – Mitigating geometric concepts in the book and postponing some of them to the second grade intermediate.
المفاهيم الدلالية للتصاميم الرقمية الموظفة في الاعلانات التسويقية للبطاقة الذكية
Authors: م. رغد منذر احمد
Published: December 2019

Graphic design defines the design of communications as the art, practice, design and presentation of ideas and experiences using visual and textual content. The design can be physical or visual and can include images, words or drawings. The advertisement affects the recipient for a moment or over a long period of time. For the difference of purpose, whether commercial or educational, cultural or political, and may use the designer of more than one purpose in the same design The current research consists of two chapters Chapter I problem of research and need It started the problem of the current research through the following question: Designs to advertise The current research aims to identify the marketing of smart card advertising, as well as the detection of the semantic concepts employed in it, while the current research determines: Objectively: the semantic concepts of marketing advertising, in 2017-2018, and spatially: Advertising Marketing of Key Card in Iraq, and in the second chapter on three researchers: the first topic: the significance in the commercial advertising and the second topic commercial advertising and digital design, and the third topic: advertising marketing
The researcher is a descriptive analytical method for the analysis of a five-digit sample of digital ads for Key Card, and analyzed them to reach the most important research techniques:

Use the image as a means of achieving meaning through the use of socially agreed-upon images.
The type of significance you use in advertising varies.
Companies operations delay immediately.
The world is paying increasing attention to the digital design of its economic resources
الخامات وتوظيفها في مظلة شرطي المرور
Authors: م . م بـــان محمد شاكر
Published: December 2019

The research (the ores and its employment in the traffic policeman umbrella and its durability and its resistance to weather and ecological conditions . Chapter one contains the problem of the research , which represents the ecological and the environmental challenges and its direct effect in the selection of the suitable ores for traffic police umbrella , and its lack to standard design foundations , as for the importance of the research , its indicated in using ores that are suitable with the iraqi environment by designing the policeman umbrella to provide comfort and protection to its user for the weather conditions . As for the objective of the report , its to find the reciprocal relationship between the ore and the environmental aspect of the policeman umbrella , as for the boundaries of the research it consisted of a study of prefabricated prototypes from different ores , these samples belongs to Baghdad municipality for the duration (2009- 2019).
التقييم البيئي والصيغة الهيدروكيميائية لمناطق مختارة من نهر دجلة في محافظة بغداد لعام 2017
Authors: أ‌.	 م . د. رعد محمود نصيف  , م. م بتول جيجان سلمان
Published: December 2019

In this research , a study was conducted hydro chemical to six selected areas 0f the Tigris river in Baghdad  city and determine the physical properties which include : hydrogen number (PH) total dissolved solid (TDS) electrical conductivity (EC), and determine the chemical properties which include actions and anions actions include (Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Na+ ,  K+ )  Anions (SO4-2 , Cl- , HCO3- , NO3- ) Collected six water sample from Tigris river in Baghdad city from ( AL-Taji , AL- Kadhimiya , AL-Adhamiyah , Bab Almoadum , AL- Zaafaraniya , gusser Diyala AL-qdyum ) 0n two periods at high water level in the third month and at a low level  at the beginning of the tenth month . the average value of (PH)  is (6.2), the highest value of (PH)about (6.4)in gusser Diyala AL-qdyum area  and the lowest value of (PH)in AL- Kadhimiya area and average value of (TDS)  is (0.522)and average value of (EC)  is (844),   the highest value of (EC)about (895)in Bab Almoadum area  and the lowest value of (EC)about (758)in AL- taji area  According to hydrochemical  formula (Kurlov formula ) the water of Tigris river in studied at the highest (Ca SO4) and at the lowest (Ca HCO3) the results of chemical analysis limit from compared with (WHO,2007)and (IQS, 2009) it suitable for human drinking and animals drinking ,building purpose ,and irrigation.
اثر استراتيجية التدريس التبادلي في تنمية التحصيل المعرفي لطلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة في مادة التربية الجمالية
Authors: أ‌.	م. د. فراس علي الكناني  , الباحث علي جبار محمد
Published: December 2019

The research aims at detection The impact of the Reciprocal  Instruction Strategy In development knowledge Achievement In article Aesthetic education. The research objective is achieved through the following sub-objectives: 1 - The design of teaching plans according to the Reciprocal  Instruction Strategy in the subject of aesthetic education. 2- Measuring the impact of teaching plans. The total research sample (30) students, To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher used the experimental method with minimal control Labeled The design of one set with tribal and remote tests, The researcher prepared the research tool, which is the cognitive test consisting of (30) question, It has been characterized by honesty and consistency, and continued to experience (10) weeks after the application of the tool and using statistical means in the processing of data, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the average Degree of the sample in the knowledge achievement test after. The size of the impact of the teaching of the experimental group (the sample of the research) (0.82) is a good indicator of the impact of this strategy in the development of cognitive achievement in the subject of aesthetic education among students. Through the search results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.

Adopting a Reciprocal Instruction Strategy In the teaching of the subject of aesthetic education because it proved effective in the formation of experiences and positive attitudes towards the content of knowledge.

2. Employment Reciprocal Instruction Strategy In the development of critical thinking among students of the Institute of Fine Arts in art elements material .
استعمال بعض المستخلصات النباتية وسكر البوليولان في إطالة مدة حفظ التفاح
Authors: أ.د. محمد عبد الرزاق الصوفي  , أ.د. رغد أكرم عزيز
Published: December 2019

The effect of using the methanolic extract of Lavandula officinalis L. and pullulan a coating solution was studied as individually or mixed in different percent in growth of some selected microorganism's strains. The results showed that the rate of inhibition (%) for Escherichia coli, Salmonella ssp., Aspergillus ssp., Penicillium ssp., Candida albicans and Pichia jadinii were 58.3 at 100% Lavender extract was used, 47.7 by using 100% pullulan, 60.2 by using 75:25% mix of lavender extract and pullulan, 67.8 by using 50:50% mix of lavender extract and pullulan and it was 53.8 by using 25:75% mix of lavender extract and pullulan. It was noted that the percentage rate of weight loss (%) in apples coating was 6.27 by using 100% sterile distilled water, 5.77% by using 100% lavender extract, 4.37 by using 100% pullulan, 4.51 by using 75:25% mix of lavender extract and pullulan, 3.47 by using 50:50% mix of lavender extract and pullulan and it was 5.39 by using 25:75% mix of lavender extract and pullulan in storage at 25°C for 21 day. While the spoilage of apples which stored for 21 days at 25°C was observed on the 4th, 6th, 8th, 9th, 11th and 15th day by using sterile distilled water (control), 100% sterile distilled water, 100% pullulan, 25:75% mix of lavender extract and pullulan, 75:25% mix of lavender extract and pullulan, 100% lavender extract and 50:50% mix of lavender extract and pullulan as a coating solution respectively.
توظيف إستراتيجية التدريس التبادلي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية بمادة عناصر الفن
Authors: م. م. أفراح مكي عباس الجبوري
Published: December 2019

The current research aims to identify the use of the teaching strategy of exchange in the collection of elements of art students in the Department of Art Education.
  The researcher used the experimental design, ie, the design of the two sets of partial adjustment in some variables and after the test. The sample of the research was deliberately chosen from the students of the first stage, the art education department of the basic education college, the Mustansiriya University. According to the strategy of cross-teaching by (30) students and room (1) control group, which was studied in the traditional way (30) students and the research tool was determined by the test in the art elements and has been verified the validity and stability of the tool. The researcher took care to provide internal and external safety for the experiment. The researcher prepared 16 teaching plans with 8 plans for the experimental group and 8 for the students of the control group. After completion of the experiment, the test was conducted after the data was obtained and processed by means of the statistical test (test t) for two independent samples of equal number and obtained results and in light of which the researcher concluded Mayat:i
  
 
The students of the experimental group studied according to the reciprocal teaching strategy were superior to the students of the control group who studied according to the traditional method in the cognitive achievement test of art elements.
  The researcher recommended the use of the strategy of cross-teaching as better than the traditional way of collecting elements of art.
الدلالات الرمزية للزي في عروض مسرح الطفل
Authors: سالي عصام مصطفى
Published: December 2019

The use of symbolic symbols of costume in theatrical presentation, which promotes the idea and elements of theatrical presentation through which the researcher felt the need to invest the symbolic values ​​and their implications for the transfer of images and ideas and meanings to the recipient (child) and increase the aesthetic effect whenever the indications are effective by the use of shapes and images and color and variations in the uniform , Where the costume and its implications become a sign of the symbolic recruitment of theatrical presentation, and this is the motivation that motivated the researcher to discuss this problem and the use of symbolic indications in the play, based on the current research problem in the answer to the following question: The symbolic organs of the costume to play an aesthetic role in the performances of the theater of the child?
The current research community consists of theatrical performances of (2017), the most important scientific study of theatrical performance, Which has reached (2) theater performances, has been selected play (small chalk circle) as a sample of the current research in the form of the fact that they correspond to the objectives of the search and the availability of photographs and provide a video recording of theatrical performance.
The research came out with a number of conclusions, the most important of which are:
1 - The costume contains psychological signs reflecting the nature of the personality: - appeared in the scene of the clown and also with the character of Leila, which reflects the psychological situation and through the wearing of clothes.
2 - The presentation develops linguistic concepts and ideas: - The presentation succeeded in deepening the linguistic concepts of the general form has deepened the uniform and contradictions in the personality of Laila and also emerged a personal time through the concepts of language and ideas and life, which is exposed to love and rejection of negative behavior.
Numerical Treatment of First Kind Fredholm Integro_Differential Equations Via Spline Functions
Authors: Atefa Jalil Salh Abdullah
Published: December 2019

قدمت الخوارزميات لمعالجة معادلات فريدهولم التكاملية - التفاضلية من النوع الاول عددياً باستخدام دوال الثلمة: الخطية، التربيعية والتكعيبية، استخدمت طريقة شبه المنحرف لحساب قيم التكاملات الموجودة في الخوارزميات عددياً.
تم كتابة برنامج لكل طريقة بلغة ماتلاب وتمت المقارنة بين الانواع الثلاثة لدوال الثلمة بالاعتماد على مربع مجموع الاخطاء وزمن تنفيذ البرنامج .
مشكلة اللفظ والمعنى في ضوء المقاييس النقدية
Authors: أ.م.د. أوراس عبد الحسين عبد الله
Published: December 2019

The goal of this research, titled “Problems of Pronunciation and Meaning in the Light of Critical Standards”, is to present the problem of pronunciation and meaning to six old Arab critics who raised this problem and discussed it in their critical and rhetorical studies; these critics are: Al-Jahidh, Qudama Bin Ja’afar, Al-Amedi, Al-Jarjani, Al-Marzouqi and Ibn Al-Atheer.
The problem of pronunciation and meaning is manifested in another perspective which is presented in matter and image or shape and content; both are robust elements from which the construction of text is originated and reaches the beauty of style that combines mindfulness and hot feelings.
Furthermore, let us not to forget the fact that there is a strong link between pronunciation and meaning in that pronunciation is a mean to convey meaning which is delivered only by pronunciation. In addition, we must pay attention not to run the risk of attributing the influence to one of them at the expense of the other, just like a group of old Arab critics who raised this problem.
التوجه نحو الحياة وعلاقته بالذكاء الروحي واليقظة العقلية لدى طلبة الثانوية المتميزين
Authors: أ. م. د. جبار وادي باهض العكيلي  , أ. د. ناجي محمود ناجي النواب
Published: December 2019

The current research aims to identify the "Life orientation " of high school students, their relation to spiritual intelligence and  Mindfulness , the correlative relationship between the three variables, and the extent to which the variables of spiritual intelligence and  Mindfulness  contribute to the total change of life  Life orientation.
he research sample consisted of (318) students (sixth grade) of the outstanding secondary students of the departments of education of Rusafa: the first, second and third, were applied standards (orientation towards life, spiritual intelligence, Mindfulness),
Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, and multiple regression analysis, the results showed:

Enjoy the high school students distinguished (orientation towards life) and (spiritual intelligence) and (Mindfulness).
There is a positive correlation between the three search variables..
A variable (Mindfulness) contributes (10.4%) of the total variance of the variable (life orientation), and a variable (spiritual intelligence) does not contribute to a variable (life orientation).
الـ (باتولتوbatultu) في بلاد الرافدين في ضوء النصوص المسمارية المنشورة
Authors: م.د حسين عليوي عـبد الحسين السعدي
Published: December 2019

The study dealt with a single study of batultu in Mesopotamia, its definition, meaning and precedence among the Sumerians, and those who came after them from the Akkadian, and the root of that individual in other island populations such as the Hebrews and their descendants in the legal legislations, These people have a wide range of horizons in thinking and the ability to develop language resources to suit the needs of the human community within the framework of ethics. They have created a linguistic art that touches on the self and the print and focuses on understanding the spirit of traditions and customs that they believe in family education and the family system. A mechanism of sexuality, which is the nucleus of the first and fundamental of any society by adopting moral ideas that concern the safety of the virgin girl before marriage, being the vessel in which the man puts most of what lives for him in life, but descent.
عناية الله عز وجل بالرسول الاعظم () (رؤية قرآنية)
Authors: م.م هدى سليم رسول
Published: December 2019

After this tour in the statement of the divine care of the Messenger of Allah and concluded the following points from the subject:

I looked at the kindness of God and his care of the Prophet since his birth as the father was born orphan and how to ensure his grandfather Abdul Muttalib and then entered into his uncle Abu Talib.

addressed the blessings that God bestowed upon His Messenger, where he enriched him from his bounty after he was poor, because he sang it by raising the father of a student, and then he sang it with money from Khadija.
I mentioned some of the commandments that Allah has recommended to her, including that the orphan should not be oppressed and humiliated, and that it is better for him.
Prophet's chest light letter and make it a stomach of the facts, as the light of his heart wisdom and expanded to receive what is recommended, as well as raising the mention of the Prophet in every prayer and testimony.
My research concluded with the divine follow-up of the great messenger (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), where Allah has followed the deeds of the Prophet, his movements, his dwellings, and his actions to follow kindness and care.
النسق الثقافي في رواية (سلطانات الرمل) لِلينا هويان الحسن
Authors: م.م. غادة جمال مكي
Published: December 2019

The research presents the cultural context of Bedouin life in the novel "Sultanat al-Raml - The Biography of the beautiful and famous women in the Badia Al-Sham" by Lina Hoyan Al Hassan in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the twentieth century according to the events of the novel. There are several accounts of the Bedouin, but we found that the cultural context of the Bedouin life in this novel is clearer and more comprehensive than the stories that dealt with the same subject. It also revealed to us a distant and unknown world of the urban man who lives in the city, so we took the cultural context of this segment of society Customs and traditions with i Personal nature of Bedouin men and women and the extent of the status of women in this society, and what economic resources, as well as to clarify the term cultural pattern and what we mean by it connotations.
脓毒症并发皮肤衰竭的研究进展
Authors: 毕 安平 , 邓 娟 , 何 梅 , 肖 琦 , 熊 杰 , 黄 素芳
Published: December 2019

论文就脓毒症和皮肤衰竭定义进展、皮肤衰竭的病因、皮肤衰竭临床特征、皮肤衰竭评估以及皮肤衰竭的治疗护理进展进行了综述。
人性化护理在慢性重症乙肝临床护理中的价值体会
Authors: 张 海霞
Published: December 2019

为了探讨人性化护理应用于慢性重症乙肝的效果，选取68 例慢性重症乙肝患者，分别行常规护理干预、人性化护理干预，比较护理效果。结果显示，组间SAS、SDS 评分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；组间护理满意率差异也有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。由此得出，人性化护理可改善慢性重症乙肝患者心理状态。
神经病学形成性评价的应用
Authors: 韩 登峰 , 马 建华 , 吾甫尔 阿力木 •
Published: December 2019

随着知识经济的到来和高等教育质量观的变革，教育机构对考核评价也有了新的观点和认识，人们越来越重视形成性考核评价，而不是传统的终结性评价。在神经病学教学中引入形成性评价，采用不同的考核方面，客观全程考核学生的学习情况，可以更好地检测学生的基础知识和学习效果。论文在介绍形成性评价基本内涵的基础上，结合实践探讨了形成性评价在临床神经病学教学中的具体运用。
八珍汤联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌的Meta 分析
Authors: 黄 灵雅 , 陈 兴华 , 陈 敏
Published: December 2019

采用Meta 分析的方法，系统评价了八珍汤联合放化疗在治疗宫颈癌中的确切疗效。检索中国知网、VIP、WANFANG、PUBMED 等，搜集八珍汤联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌的临床疗效和相关免疫功能的随机对照实验（RCT），根据纳入、排除标准对所有文献进行筛选，采用Review Manger5.3 软件进行Meta 分析。结果显示，共纳入文献12 篇，累计患者1263例。Meta 分析结果显示，八珍汤联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌，与对照组相比，可显著提高临床有效率［OR=2.96，95%CI(2.27，3.87)，P0.00001]，并升高了免疫指标CD3+［MD=10.8，95%CI(7.98，12.18),P0.00001］，CD4+［MD=8.42，95%CI(7.75，9.09),P0.00001］，CD8+［MD=1.90，95%CI(-0.28，4.08),P0.00001］，CD4+/CD8+［MD=0.09，95%CI(-0.02，0.20),P0.00001］。由此得出，八珍汤联合放化疗治疗宫颈癌，与对照组相比，可显著提高临床疗效，为临床工作者提供用药依据。
Designing an Alternative Test through Quizegg for the First Grade Students at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan in Academic Year 2015/2016
Authors: Herda Rozanah Katrina , Ghozali Imam
Published: December 2019

The objectives of the study are to describe (1) the quality of the existing test administration conducted to the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan in academic year 2015/2016, (2) the development of alternative test using QuizEgg for the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan in academic year 2015/2016, (3) the effectiveness of the developed alternative test through QuizEgg for the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan in academic year 2015/2016, and (4) the strengths and limitations of the developed alternative test through QuizEgg for the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan in academic year 2015/2016.This research belongs to educational research and development (R&D). The ten steps of R&D were modified based on Sukmadinata’s three main phases (2010:184), namely:  (1) Exploration phase, which was conducted to describe the quality of the existing test administration administered to the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan and reveal the need of constructing alternative test for the first grade students of SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Moyudan, (2) Development phase, where the prototype model was constructed and evaluated, (3) Field Testing phase, in which the try out was administered. Data analysis was descriptive qualitative. Classroom observation, interview, and document analysis were used as the instruments of data collecting.The alternative test through QuizEgg was designed based on students’ needs. The use of QuizEgg as a test maker was very effective to design a test for students. The result of the developed alternative test administered to the students clearly indicated that the students were enthusiastic and motivated to do the test. Besides, it fulfilled the students’ needs and changed the way they did the test. In addition, the students’ achievement also improved, then, it could be seen by their mean score.
COMPARISON OF SUB MUCOSAL DIATHERMY AND PARTIAL RESECTION OF INFERIOR TURBINATE IN THE TREATMENT OF SYMPTOMATIC SANAL VALVE BLOCKAGE
Authors: Singh Kapil kumar
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVEES: To evaluate the efficacy of sub mucosal diathermy (SMD) and partial resection of inferior turbinate (PRIT) in the treatment of symptomatic enlarged inferior turbinate. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, METHODS: Sixty patents at age group 18 -56 yrs. with symptomatic enlarged inferior turbinate had given choices for SMD and PRIT. All the patients had history of failed medical treatment. RESULTS: Each thirty patients underwent SMD (group I), PRIT (group II), eight patients of group l, have anterior nasal packing after surgery for bleeding. Four patients complained of excessive rhinorrhea for first 2 weeks while 4 patients of Group 1 complained of nasal blockage for 1 week even after intervention. In group 2, 8 patients have re-anterior nasal packing after pack removal. Both groups followed up for 6 months. 13 patients were lost in follow up, so excluded from the study. Following 6 months of follow up, 8 patient of group I had recurrence with nasal blockage and in gr. II none had recurrence. CONCLUSION: PRIT is better than SMD in long course; nevertheless it should be reserved for failed SMD, not as a primary option. Ink described the nasal valve in 1903. The nasal valve is formed medially by the septum and laterally by the caudal edge of the upper lateral cartilage and it accounts for approximately 50% of total upper airway resistance. The anterior tip of the inferior turbinate is found in the nasal valve region, and hypertrophy of this structure can cause exponential increase in airway resistance.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF MAXILLO FACIAL FRACTURES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Babu Helena
Published: December 2019

Introduction- Trauma from external causes poses one of the greatest challenges for public health services in different parts of the world. Maxillofacial fractures are the most common outcome of trauma. Several factors which are contributing to these can be managed well after careful examination of the clinical profile of the patients.
Aim - This study was done to find the clinical profile of maxilla facial fractures in a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh.
Materials and methods -A retrospective study was conducted in Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, SRMS IMS from May 2016 - October 2018. Medical records of 53 patients in and around west Uttar Pradesh with maxillofacial injuries admitted in our hospital were studied.
Results –Males in age group in 20-40 yr were mostly involved in RTA which was most common cause of fmaxillofacial injuries. Fracture mandible was the most commonly fractured bone.
Conclusion - There has to be strict regulations installed by the government to ensure compliance of rules regarding use of seat belts while driving and use of helmet while riding two-wheeler. Better compliance of traffic rules is an important factor in reducing the incidents of this trauma.

KEYWORDS -Maxillofacial trauma, RTA , Fracture mandible
Pleomorphic adenoma of the cheek: an uncommon entity
Authors: Srivastava Amrita
Published: December 2019

We are presenting a rare case of Pleomorphic adenoma cheek. A 60 year old female patient presented with a painless swelling in right cheek since 4 years. On examination a well circumscribed, soft to firm 1.5x1cm mass was palpable. FNAC revealed Pleomorphic adenoma. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination after excisional biopsy of tumor.

Key words: pleomorphic adenoma, cheek, minor salivary gland
ROBOTICS IN ENT HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
Authors: Venkatakarthikeyan
Published: December 2019

Robot assisted surgery in the specialty of ENT Head and Neck Surgery can be classified into Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) for lesions in the oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx and Remote access surgery through a hidden Retro Auricular Hairline Incision (RAHI) for removal of neck masses without leaving a scar in the visible portion of the neck. TORS has the advantages of excellent three-dimensional visualization, magnification in all directions, accessibility to the otherwise blind areas in the upper aero digestive tract. TORS offers significant benefits and lower morbidity rates as compared to the conventional surgical procedures and other adjunctive treatments like chemoradiation in selected patients. The indications of robotic surgery are expanding with the introduction of the retroauricular approach for various neck lesions which includes thyroidectomy, removal of tumors from parathyroid glands, parapharyngeal space, submandibular gland, branchial cleft cyst and neck dissection for metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy. This approach will become popular with young patients who want better cosmesis.
With the latest innovative developments in the technology and design of surgical robots, robotic surgery will continue to occupy an increasingly important role in the specialty of ENT-Head and neck surgery. In the future, we will see the widespread application of robotics not only for TORS or Retroauricular approach neck surgeries but also in Otology, Skull base and Paediatric Otolaryngology.
Keywords: Robot assisted surgery, Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS), Remote access surgery.
Assessment of Balance Disorders
Authors: Mishra Anupam
Published: December 2019

Balance disorders are often difficult to diagnose and treat using traditional methods, the reason being that balance disorders do not represent a single disease, but rather reflect a combination of multiple disorders, Balance requires integration of interactive components of sensory (Vision, vestibular, proprioception) motor and central nervous systems. Hence diagnosing a balance problem requires knowledge of these individual components. Still many clinicians prefer a traditional approach to diagnose and treat balance disorders with specialized services to be focused on localizing and treating specific pathologies. Because a typical balance disorder associated with multiple causes cannot be isolated to a single pathology on accurate diagnosis, requires a combination of tests to assess individual components along with their integrative actions. Even a specific pathology may show variations in the functional performance because of the brain’s adaptive response. Hence it is essential for the diagnostic process to determine if imbalance involves misinterpretations of sensory cues. Testing summary systems individually may not reveal the problem.
NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA AS SINONASAL MALIGNANCY
Authors: Singh Nitya
Published: December 2019

Neuroendocrine neoplasms are defined as epithelial neoplasms with predominant neuroendocrine differentiation. Extremely rare site for neuroendocrine carcinoma are nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and are aggressive neoplasm with a high recurrence rate and a tendency to metastasize.
A 19-year male presented to the department of Otorhinolaryngology with left nasal obstruction, persistent headache for nine months and on and off bleeding from left nasal cavity for 2 months. On examination of the nasal cavity, a gross deviation of nasal septum with a red, friable, gelatinous, polypoidal mass with a tendency to bleed was seen in the left nasal cavity. The patient underwent endoscopic excision of mass under GA. Specimen was sent for histopathological examination which exhibited the properties of Neuro-endocrine carcinoma.
Sinonasal NEC is an extremely rare malignancy. CT scan with intravenous contrast is the most effectual early imaging study, additionally MRI will further make a fine description of the tumor extension. Furthermore, Immunohisto-chemistry is an important tool that can be valuable in reaching a diagnosis. There is no clear recommendation regarding the treatment of the sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma, but the multimodal approach with proper counselling of patient is favoured and generally accepted.
O kulturze litewskiej na łamach międzywojennego „Marchołta”
Authors: Kieżuń Anna
Published: December 2019

W okresie międzywojennym stosunki polsko-litewskie były napięte z powodów politycznych. Miało to negatywny wpływ na wzajemne kontakty kulturalne. Pomimo ograniczeń, do czytelnika polskiej prasy docierały informacje dotyczące rozwoju kultury w granicach Litwy niepodległej. Przykładem jest obszerny szkic Władysława Burkatha (1892–1967) pt. Charakterystyka kultury litewskiej (próba syntezy), który nieprzypadkowo ukazał się w 1936 roku w „Marchołcie”, czasopiśmie poświęconym sprawom literatury i kultury. Przedstawiony przez Burkatha – pianistę, kompozytora, etnografa muzycznego, publicystę i sympatyka krajów nadbałtyckich – obraz różnorodnych osobowości i wydarzeń kulturalnych w Republice Litewskiej powstałej po 1918 roku jest przedmiotem zainteresowania artykułu. Przyjazne spojrzenie Burkatha na dynamiczne przemiany kulturowe w kraju ościennym i imponującą pracę Litwinów w budowaniu kulturowych fundamentów tożsamości narodowej, wpisywało się w profil ideowo-programowy „Marchołta”. Artykuł jest przypomnieniem zapomnianego głosu publicysty z międzywojennego „Marchołta” w sprawie poprawienia relacji polsko-litewskich w istotnej dla obu stron dziedzinie kultury.
Krystyna z Markyate i samotność, czyli jak łatwo wypaczyć sens opowieści
Authors: Suski Robert
Published: December 2019

Artykuł jest recenzją książki G. Minois Historia samotników i samotności. W tym tekście autor pokazuje na jednym przykładzie, jak G. Minois opacznie przedstawia źródła, a przez to nadaje im nowy sens, niezgodny z oryginałem. W rezultacie na podstawie lektury jego dzieła można odnieść mylne wrażenie, co do sytuacji opisanych w źródłach.